bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Bryofauna of Remote Coastal Labrador: including a review of current Canadian records
Authors: BOECKNER M. , COLLINS M. , FINNEY-CRAWLEY J. , BATEMAN L.
Published: March 2019

Nematodes, tardigrades and bdelloid rotifers were identified from moss samples collected from sites near three remote towns in northern, coastal Labrador, Canada. Twenty-three nematode genera, 18 tardigrade species and six rotifer species were identified. All findings were new records for Labrador and many were new records for Canada including three nematode genera (Zeldia Thorne, Daptonema Cobb and Steineria Mikoletzky) and two species of rotifer (Macrotrachela punctata Murray and Macrotrachela aculata Murray). Canadian bryofaunal studies are reviewed and distributional patterns for Canadian taxa are discussed.
Nomenclature and type material of the marine gastropod Euplica scripta (Lamarck, 1822) (Sorbeoconcha: Buccinoidea: Columbellidae)
Authors: WILLAN RICHARD C.
Published: March 2019

This contribution stabilises the species-level nomenclature of a very common and widespread IndoPacific species of dove snail (Columbellidae). This species has had a confused nomenclature through uncertainty over secondary homonymy. Despite bearing the same epithet, the scientific names Murex scriptus Linnaeus, 1758 and Colombella (sic) scripta Lamarck, 1822 are not, and never have been, secondary homonyms because the species they represent are located in separate genera (and subfamilies) in the Columbellidae (i.e., presently in Mitrella (Pyreninae) and Euplica (Columbellinae), respectively) and the Lamarckian epithet has never been formally or intentionally replaced on the grounds of homonymy. A case of secondary homonymy would only arise in the future if an author considered them congeneric which, given the current trend for greater generic splitting in the family to accommodate monophyletic clades, appears highly unlikely. In order to settle the nomenclature unambiguously and avoid possible future taxonomic difficulties with species related to E. scripta i.e., E. varians (G.B. Sowerby 1, 1822), E. bidentata (Menke, 1843) and E. borealis (Pilsbry, 1904), a specimen from the Philippine Islands is herein selected as neotype for both Columbella scripta and C. versicolor G.B. Sowerby 1, 1832, the most frequently used junior synonym, in the absence of any definite syntypes. In other words, the names Colombella scripta Lamarck and Columbella versicolor G.B. Sowerby 1 are henceforth objective synonyms.
Strigeid parasites of the roadside hawk, Buteo magnirostris (Aves: Falconiformes), from Argentina
Authors: LUNASCHI LÍA I. , DRAGO FABIANA B.
Published: March 2019

An examination of four specimens of the roadside hawk, Buteo magnirostris (Accipitridae) from Formosa Province, Argentina revealed the presence of three strigeid species: Ophiosoma microcephalum Szidat, 1928, Strigea falconis brasiliana Szidat, 1929 and Strigea magniova Dubois, 1988. All three species are redescribed and illustrated. The reports of S. falconis brasiliana and S. magniova represent the first records of the genus Strigea Abildgaard, 1790 from Argentina.
Revision of the genus Sialis from Oriental China (Megaloptera: Sialidae)
Authors: LIU XINGYUE Y. , Yang DING
Published: March 2019

The species of the genus Sialis from Oriental China are revised. The following three species are described as new to science: Sialis elegans sp. nov., Sialis kunmingensis sp. nov., and Sialis versicoloris sp. nov. A key to the species of Sialis from Oriental China is presented.
Three new sea stars (Asteroidea: Solasteridae & Pterasteridae) from the Aleutian Islands
Authors: CLARK ROGER N. , JEWETT STEPHEN C.
Published: March 2019

Two new species of Solaster, and a new species of Pteraster are described from the nearshore waters of the Aleutian Islands and compared to congeners from the region. Solaster hexactis sp. nov., S. spectabilis sp. nov., and Pteraster willsi sp. nov., are distinguished by the characteristics of the paxillar, marginal and adambulacral spines, and (in Solaster), the number of rays. The distributions of the new species and keys are provided.
Insects found in birds’ nests from Argentina. Myiopsitta monachus
(Boddaert, 1873) [Aves: Psittacidae], exclusive host of Psitticimex uritui
(Lent & Abalos, 1946) (Hemiptera: Cimicidae)
Authors: TURIENZO PAOLA , IORIO OSVALDO DI
Published: March 2019

Insects in communal nests of the monk parakeet, Myiopsitta monachus [Aves: Psittacidae] were studied in Argentina (provinces of Chaco, Catamarca, La Rioja, Córdoba, Santa Fe, San Juan, San Luis, La Pampa, and Buenos Aires). A total of 176 species of insects (8 orders, 48 families) was represented by 106,556 specimens. Hemiptera was represented by 58,915 exx. (52.3%); followed by Coleoptera, 46,764 exx. (43.8%). The insects are discriminated by functional guilds and the time of residence inside the nests. Other dead insects and arthropods, inquiline insects, and birds also found in the nests are also provided.
A synopsis of the Castniidae (Lepidoptera) of Paraguay
Authors: RÍOS SERGIO D. , GONZÁLEZ JORGE M.
Published: March 2019

A list with comments on status, natural history, biology, hosts and distribution are presented for all species of Castniidae known from Paraguay. All the presented information has been summarized based on literature, museum specimens, information gathered from researchers/collectors and personal observations. New synonyms are proposed: Imara satrapes catharina (Preiss) [= Imara satrapes (Kollar)] and Castnia juturna paraguayensis Strand (= Castnia invaria penelope Schaufuss), and synonymic lists are given in each case. Twelve species are recorded from Paraguay, four of them are relatively common and have been previously reported from the country [Synpalamides phalaris (Fabricius), Synpalamides rubrophalaris (Houlbert), Castnia invaria penelope Schaufuss, Gazera heliconioides micha (H. Druce)]. The other eight species are much less common in collections [Imara satrapes, Castnia juturna Hopffer, Telchin licus laura (H. Druce), Ceretes marcelserres (Godart), Riechia acraeoides (Guérin-Méneville), Prometheus cochrus (Fabricius), Frostetola gramivora (Schaus), Paysandisia archon (Burmeister)]. Telchin licus laura (H. Druce) and Frostetola gramivora (Schaus) are reported from this country for the first time. Four species not known from Paraguay, but suitable to be found within, are also mentioned [Yagra fonscolombe (Godart), Castnia lecerfi Dalla Torre, Geyeria uruguayana (Burmeister), Ceretes thais (Drury)].
Revision of the genus Xanthopimpla Saussure (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Pimplinae) in Vietnam, with descriptions of fourteen new species
Authors: PHAM NHI THI , BROAD GAVIN R. , MATSUMOTO RIKIO , WÄGELE WOLFGANG J.
Published: March 2019

The Vietnamese species of the large, tropical genus Xanthopimpla Saussure, 1892 are revised for the first time. Of a total fauna of 60 species, 14 species are described as new: X. amplamaculosa sp. nov., X. boehmei sp. nov., X. chiuae sp. nov., X. flavafemora sp. nov., X. flavapropodea sp. nov., X. hienae sp. nov., X. morsei sp. nov., X. omega sp. nov., X. oriole sp. nov., X. panthera sp. nov., X. porrecta sp. nov., X. punctatissima sp. nov., and X. spicula sp. nov. Seventeen species are newly recorded from Vietnam: X. annulata Cushman, X. atriclunis Townes & Chiu, X. brachycentra Krieger, X. brevicarina Wang, X. connexa Krieger, X. curvimaculata (Cameron), X. fastigiata Krieger, X. glaberrima Roman, X. jacobsoni Krieger, X. melanacantha Krieger, X. nigritarsis Cameron, X. platyura Townes & Chiu, X. pleuroschista Townes & Chiu, X. pulvinaris Townes & Chiu, X. sexlineata Cameron, X. stricta Townes & Chiu, and X. transmaculata Wang & Huang. The following synonymies are proposed: Xanthopimpla clivulus Townes & Chiu, 1970 = Xanthopimpla clivulus indica Townes & Chiu, 1970, syn. nov., = X. clivulus indicata Gupta, 1987, syn. nov.; Xanthopimpla curvimaculata (Cameron, 1899) = X. curvimaculata pendleburyi Townes & Chiu, 1970, syn. nov.; Xanthopimpla despinosa despinosa Krieger, 1915 = X. despinosa leipepheles Townes & Chiu, 1970, syn. nov. = X. despinosa subquadrata, syn. nov.; Xanthopimpla elegans elegans (Vollenhoven, 1879) = X. elegans apicipennis (Cameron), syn. nov.; Xanthopimpla melanacantha melanacantha Krieger, 1914 = X. melanacantha oblongata Chao, 1997, syn. nov., = X. melanacantha subtriangulata Chao, 1997, syn. nov.; Xanthopimpla nana nana Schulz, 1906 = X. nana aequabilis Townes & Chiu, 1970, syn. nov. = X. nana bravisulcus Wang, 1987, syn. nov. A key to the Vietnamese Xanthopimpla is provided.
One new genus and six new species of Coraebini Bedel, 1921 (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) from the Philippines
Authors: BELLAMY C. L. , OHMOMO SADAHIRO
Published: March 2019

New Philippine Coraebini (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) are described: one new genus, Visayasella, gen. nov., is erected for two new species: the type species Visayasella superba sp. nov. from Leyte and V. gracilis sp. nov. from Negros. The new genus is contrasted to the genera Obenbergerula Strand 1932 (= Böttcheria Hoscheck 1931) and Sibuyanella Obenberger 1942 in a table of character states. Four new species of Toxoscelus Deyrolle 1864 are described from Leyte: Toxoscelus actenodes sp. nov., T. bichromoplagiatus sp. nov., T. circumscriptus, sp. nov. and T. griseovariegatus sp. nov. and contrasted with the two previously described Toxoscelus species from Luzon: T. acutipennis Fisher 1922 and T. rugicollis Saunders 1874 in a key. The six new species and several putatively related genera and species are illustrated in two color plates.
Contribution to the systematics and zoogeography of the East-African Acomys spinosissimus Peters 1852 species complex and the description of two new species (Rodentia: Muridae)
Authors: VERHEYEN WALTER , HULSELMANS JAN , WENDELEN WIM , LEIRS HERWIG , CORTI MARCO , BACKELJAU THIERRY , VERHEYEN ERIK
Published: March 2019

We revised the taxonomic status of the putative Acomys spinosissimus complex based on the comparative study of specimen collections from Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Mozambique, DR Congo and South Africa, by means of analysis of external morphology, craniometry, enzymes, mitochondrial DNA sequences and karyology. Our results confirm that A. spinosissimus represents a complex of species with seemingly non-overlapping distribution ranges. The distribution range of A. spinosissimus appears to be restricted between the Zambesi and Limpopo Rivers, while the reinstated A. selousi (that includes A. transvaalensis) occurs further to the South (i.e. northern limit seemingly just north of the Limpopo River). The investigated populations north of the Zambezi River are morphologically and genetically distinct from A. spinosissimus and A. selousi. Based on this evidence, we described Acomys muzei sp. nov. and Acomys ngurui sp. nov., each one occurring separately along one side of the Eastern Arc Mountains. Finally, we lacked sufficient information to describe a third new species from the area north of the Zambesi River.
A new freshwater species of Neorhynchoplax Sakai, 1938 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Hymenosomatidae) from Patna, Bihar, India
Authors: NG PETER K. L. , NESEMANN HASKO F. , SHARMA GOPAL
Published: March 2019

A new species of hymenosomatid freshwater crab, Neorhynchoplax Sakai, 1938, is described from Patna, Bihar, northern India. The species resembles the Indian N. woodmasoni (Alcock, 1895) and N. alcocki Kemp, 1917, but differs in the form of the carapace, armature on the cheliped merus, number of spines on the dactylus of the ambulatory legs, and structure of the male abdomen.
A new species of Keysercypria Karanovic (Crustacea: Ostracoda) from Argentina
Authors: DÍAZ ANALÍA R. , LOPRETTO ESTELA C.
Published: March 2019

In her revision on Recent Cyclocypridinae, Karanovic (2011) erected the new genus Keysercypria, endemic of the Neotropical Realm. The aim of this study is to describe and illustrate a new species within the genus recorded from the lower Parana region, according to the recently proposed division of the world freshwater ecosystems (www.feow.org). The new species represents the most southern record of the genus.
New species of Tobantilla Casal, 1965 and a new genus and species, Gogoltilla chichikovi gen. et sp. nov., from Argentina (Hymenoptera: Mutillidae)
Authors: WILLIAMS KEVIN A. , BROTHERS DENIS J. , PITTS JAMES P.
Published: March 2019

Seven new species of Tobantilla Casal are described: T. aleatrix Williams, Brothers & Pitts, sp. nov. (Argentina), T. andrikos Williams, Brothers & Pitts, sp. nov. (Colombia), T. drosos Williams, Brothers & Pitts, sp. nov. (Argentina), T. ephemeros Williams, Brothers & Pitts, sp. nov. (Argentina, Uruguay), T. kolasma Williams, Brothers & Pitts, sp. nov. (Venezuela), T. krima Williams, Brothers & Pitts, sp. nov. (Colombia), and T. xouthos Williams, Brothers & Pitts, sp. nov. (Venezuela). Four of these species represent the first males described in Tobantilla. Tobantilla frigidula (Cresson), comb. nov. and the two original members of Tobantilla, T. charrasca Casal and T. montonera Casal, are redescribed. A new genus that is apparently closely related to Pseudomethoca Ashmead, but closely resembles Tobantilla, is described: Gogoltilla Williams, Brothers & Pitts, gen. nov., based on both sexes of Gogoltilla chichikovi Williams, Brothers & Pitts, sp. nov. (Argentina).
Review of the Aeolothripidae (Thysanoptera) in Japan
Authors: MASUMOTO MASAMI , OKAJIMA SHÛJI
Published: March 2019

Japanese Aeolothripidae are reviewed, with three genera and 10 species recognized including the following four new species: Aeolothrips fukusimensis sp. n., A. setosus sp. n., Desmidothrips japonicus sp. n. and Franklinothrips oblongus sp. n. One species, A. gloriosus, is excluded from the Japanese fauna. Moreover, A. kurosawai is newly recorded from Taiwan and A. luteolus is newly recorded from Korea.
A new species of patch-nosed snake (Colubridae: Salvadora Baird and Girard, 1853) from Oaxaca, Mexico
Authors: HERNÁNDEZ-JIMÉNEZ CARLOS ALBERTO , FLORES-VILLELA OSCAR , CAMPBELL JONATHAN ATWOOD
Published: March 2019

A new species of snake of the genus Salvadora from Oaxaca, Mexico, is described. This taxon was confused with S. intermedia in previous taxonomic descriptions. It is characterized by lacking a pale vertebral stripe and by having incomplete dorsolateral stripes that do not reach the posterior part of the body, which is typical of congeners; by having both dorsolateral stripes separated each other by five to six scale rows on anterior part of body; and other scalation characters as well as the number maxillary teeth. The importance of this snake and its conservation is discussed.
A synopsis of the Brazilian Eucharitidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) fauna: an annotated checklist of the family in the country, with a revised key for the New World genera
Authors: SILVA THIAGO S. R. , SILVA-FREITAS JULIANA M. , SCHOENINGER KARINE
Published: March 2019

The current work provides a revised and updated key to the genera of Eucharitidae occurring in the New World, with the major traits of genera illustrated through high-resolution photomicrography. We provide an annotated list of genera and species currently known from Brazil, with a new record for a genus previously unknown for the country. Additionally, we provide a literature revision of the biology and cuticular hydrocarbon profile for the Eucharitidae. The lack of knowledge on the eucharitid Brazilian fauna is briefly discussed.
Nymphal development of Rhopalus maculatus and Chorosoma schillingii (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Rhopalidae: Rhopalinae) and development of trichobothrial pattern in Rhopalidae
Authors: ROHANOVÁ MARKÉTA , McPHERSON J. E. , VILÍMOVÁ JITKA
Published: March 2019

The nymphal morphology of the family Rhopalidae is well known for several species, most of which are pests. Ontogenetic changes in morphology are described in detail for two members from two tribes of the subfamily Rhopalinae, Rhopalini: Rhopalus (Aeschyntelus) maculatus (Fieber) and Chorosomini: Chorosoma schillingii (Schilling). Keys to the nymphal instars of both species are provided. The special types of nymphal setae and lateral abdominal processes are described in R. maculatus. The ontogenetic development of abdominal trichobothria is described, and the known trichobothrial patterns within the Rhopalidae are discussed.
Chirostyloidean squat lobsters (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura) from the Galapagos Islands
Authors: BABA KEIJI , WICKSTEN MARY K.
Published: March 2019

Seven species of chirostyloidean squat lobsters are reported from the Galapagos Rift zone and Galapagos platform: Eumunida subsolanus n. sp. (Eumunididae), Heteroptychus galapagos n. sp., H. nautilus n. sp. (Chirostylidae), Uroptychus bellus Faxon, 1893, U. compressus n. sp., U. occidentalis Faxon, 1893 (Chirostylidae), and Sternostylus defensus (Benedict, 1902) (Sternostylidae). All new species are described and illustrated, and the two species previously known from the Galapagos Islands, Uroptychus bellus and U. occidentalis, are re-illustrated from respective lectotypes, herein designated, since both original descriptions were only brief. Both the species of Heteroptychus and Eumunida subsolanus are the first representatives of their respective genera in the eastern Pacific and the latter is also the first record for the family Eumunididae in the region.
Twenty more new species of Agrilus (Coleoptera: Buprestidae: Agrilinae) from the Oriental region
Authors: JENDEK EDUARD , GREBENNIKOV VASILY V.
Published: March 2019

Twenty new species of Agrilus jewel beetles from the Oriental region are described and illustrated: Agrilus cicadelloides sp. nov. (Malaysia: Sarawak); A. draco sp. nov. (Malaysia: Sabah); A. hergovitsi sp. nov. (Malaysia: Johor); A. hik sp. nov.(Cambodia); A. ika sp. nov. (Solomon Islands); A. jankae sp. nov. (Indonesia: Sumatra, Singapore); A. jum sp. nov. (Laos); A. kon sp. nov. (Cambodia); A. mimicus sp. nov. (Laos); A. qom sp. nov. (Laos); A. titi sp. nov. (Malaysia: Perak); A. uxo sp. nov. (Vietnam); A. wos sp. nov. (Laos); A. xen sp. nov. (Laos); A. xia sp. nov. (Laos); A. xis sp. nov. (Laos); A. yoa sp. nov. (Laos, Vietnam); A. yuk sp. nov. (Laos); A. zao sp. nov. (Indonesia: Java and Sumba Islands); A. zim sp. nov. (Malaysia: Pahang).
Pyura (Tunicata: Ascidiacea: Pyuridae) on the coasts of Panama
Authors: ROCHA ROSANA M. , COUNTS BAILEY KEEGAN
Published: March 2019

Recent efforts have been taken to survey and describe the ascidian fauna of the Pacific and Atlantic coasts of Panama; however, the genus Pyura still remains poorly known. Sampling events have been occurring since 2003. In this research, we describe two new species from the Atlantic coast of Panama: P. longispina sp. nov., P. lopezlegentilae sp. nov., and two new species from the Pacific Coast of Panama: P. carmanae sp. nov. and P. imesa sp. nov. We also supply a tabular key for all the Pyura species found in Panama.
A review of the Barbatula loaches (Teleostei: Nemacheilidae) from north-eastern China, with the description of four new species
Authors: CHEN HAO , ZHANG HUI , CHEN YONGXIA , FREYHOF JÖRG
Published: March 2019

The species of the genus Barbatula from north-eastern China are reviewed, based on morphological and molecular characters. A total of ten species are recognized. Barbatula nuda, B. toni, B. gibba, B. potaninorum, B. kirinensis and B. pechiliensis are treated as valid and four new species are described herein. Barbatula zhangwuensis, new species, from northern China, is distinguished by having widely spaced nostrils, a pointed snout, a shallow median incision in the upper lip, a short lateral expansion of the lower lip, the pelvic-fin origin situated behind the vertical through the dorsal-fin origin, and no scales on the back and the flank anterior to the vertical through the dorsal-fin origin and irregularly set scales on the post-dorsal back and flank. Barbatula liaoyangensis, new species, from the Taizi River (a tributary of the Liao River), is distinguished by having widely spaced nostrils, a blade-shaped lateral expansion of the mental lobe, a shallow median incision in the upper lip, a short lateral expansion of the lower lip and sparsely set scales on the back and the flank anterior to the vertical through the dorsal-fin origin, but densely set behind. Barbatula emuensis, new species, from the Heilongjiang and Yalu River drainages, is distinguished by having closely set nostrils, a deep median incision in the upper lip, no lateral expansion of the lower lip, and sparsely set scales on the back and the flank anterior to the vertical through the dorsal-fin origin, but densely set behind. Barbatula linjiangensis, new species, from the Yalu River, is distinguished by having closely set nostrils, a shallow median incision in the upper lip, no lateral expansion of the lower lip, and sparsely set scales on the back and the flank anterior to the vertical through the dorsal-fin origin, but densely set behind.
Redescription of the rare shrimp Heterocarpus nesisi (Burukovsky, 1986 (Crustacea: Caridea: Pandalidae) rediscovered off western Mexico, with the proposal of a new genus
Authors: HENDRICKX M.E.
Published: March 2019

A rare species of pandalid shrimp, Heterocarpus nesisi Burukovsky, 1986, is rediscovered in deep water off western Mexico. Previous to this capture, this species was known only from the holotype, a mature male captured at 800 m depth, originally described in the genus Heterocarpus and later transferred to Plesionika. A second, unconfirmed record, was provided in 1989: a female captured at 898 m near the southern tip of the Baja California Peninsula. Heterocarpus nesisi is redescribed and appendages are illustrated. The general morphology of this species makes it difficult to fit within Heterocarpus or Plesionika, and a new genus, Heteronika gen. nov., is proposed to accommodate it. Heteronika nesisi is associated with the lower boundary of the Oxygen Minimum Zone occurring off western Baja California.
A new genus and new species of Myodochini from Australia (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Rhyparochromidae)
Authors: MALIPATIL M. B. , GAO CUIQING
Published: March 2019

Pseudolaryngodus spectabilis gen. et sp. nov., from Little Desert National Park in Victoria, Australia, is described and illustrated. The monotypic new genus superficially resembles the udeocorine genus Laryngodus Herrich-Schaeffer in general facies, and is sympatric with one of the species of Laryngodus. Pseudolaryngodus has some characters that share its tribal placement within both Udeocorini and Myodochini of the family Rhyparochromidae. However, it lacks inner laterotergites on abdomen, making it a Myodochini rather than a Udeocorini. Details of the relationships between these two genera, along with their tribal placements, are discussed.
A new species of Polypedilum Kieffer from bromeliads in Parque Nacional Cusuco, Honduras (Chironomidae: Chironominae)
Authors: MENDES HUMBERTO F. , ANDERSEN TROND , JOCQUÉ MERLIJN
Published: March 2019

Polypedilum (P.) panacu sp. n. is described and illustrated based on all life-stages. The larva was collected from the leafaxils of the bromeliad Tillandsia guatemalensis L.B. Smith in Cusuco National Park, Honduras and reared in the laboratory. The male of the new species can be separated from the remaining Neotropical Polypedilum s. str. species by the spotted wings combined with the shape of the superior volsella and the number of setae on tergite IX; the female by the two dark spots on the anal part of the wings; the pupae on the presence of spinules on conjunctives III–IV, IV–V and V–VI and the larva on the shape of mentum and pecten epipharyngis.
The Aerosols, Radiation and Clouds in Southern Africa Field Campaign in Namibia: Overview, Illustrative Observations, and Way Forward
Authors: Formenti Paola , D’Anna Barbara , Flamant Cyrille , Mallet Marc , Piketh Stuart John , Schepanski Kerstin , Waquet Fabien , Auriol Frédérique , Brogniez Gerard , Burnet Frédéric , Chaboureau Jean-Pierre , Chauvigné Aurélien , Chazette Patrick , Denjean Cyrielle , Desboeufs Karine , Doussin Jean-François , Elguindi Nellie , Feuerstein Stefanie , Gaetani Marco , Giorio Chiara , Klopper Danitza , Mallet Marc Daniel , Nabat Pierre , Monod Anne , Solmon Fabien , Namwoonde Andreas , Chikwililwa Chibo , Mushi Roland , Welton Ellsworth Judd , Holben Brent
Published: March 2019

The Aerosol, Radiation and Clouds in southern Africa (AEROCLO-sA) project investigates the role of aerosols on the regional climate of southern Africa. This is a unique environment where natural and anthropogenic aerosols and a semipermanent and widespread stratocumulus (Sc) cloud deck are found. The project aims to understand the dynamical, chemical, and radiative processes involved in aerosol–cloud–radiation interactions over land and ocean and under various meteorological conditions. The AEROCLO-sA field campaign was conducted in August and September of 2017 over Namibia. An aircraft equipped with active and passive remote sensors and aerosol in situ probes performed a total of 30 research flight hours. In parallel, a ground-based mobile station with state-of-the-art in situ aerosol probes and remote sensing instrumentation was implemented over coastal Namibia, and complemented by ground-based and balloonborne observations of the dynamical, thermodynamical, and physical properties of the lower troposphere. The focus laid on mineral dust emitted from salty pans and ephemeral riverbeds in northern Namibia, the advection of biomass-burning aerosol plumes from Angola subsequently transported over the Atlantic Ocean, and aerosols in the marine boundary layer at the ocean–atmosphere interface. This article presents an overview of the AEROCLO-sA field campaign with results from the airborne and surface measurements. These observations provide new knowledge of the interactions of aerosols and radiation in cloudy and clear skies in connection with the atmospheric dynamics over southern Africa. They will foster new advanced climate simulations and enhance the capability of spaceborne sensors, ultimately allowing a better prediction of future climate and weather in southern Africa.
Assessing the Influence of Microphysical and Environmental Parameter Perturbations on Orographic Precipitation
Authors: Morales Annareli , Posselt Derek J. , Morrison Hugh , He Fei
Published: March 2019

Microphysical (MP) schemes contain parameters whose values can impact the amount and location of forecasted precipitation, and sensitivity is typically explored by perturbing one parameter at a time while holding the rest constant. Although much can be learned from these “one-at-a-time” studies, the results are limited as these methods do not allow for nonlinear interactions of multiple perturbed parameters. This study applies the Morris one-at-a-time (MOAT) method, a robust statistical tool allowing for simultaneous perturbation of numerous parameters, to explore orographic precipitation sensitivity to changes in microphysical and environmental parameters within an environment characteristic of an atmospheric river. Results show parameters associated with snow fall speed coefficient As and density ρs, ice-cloud water collection efficiency (ECI), rain accretion (WRA), relative humidity, zonal wind speed, and surface potential temperature cause the largest influence on simulated precipitation. MP and environmental parameter perturbations can cause precipitation changes of similar magnitude, but results vary by location on the mountain. Different environments are also tested, with As being the most influential MP parameter regardless of environment. Fewer MP parameters influence precipitation in a faster-wind-speed environment, possibly due to the stronger dynamical forcing upwind and different wave dynamics downwind, compared to a slower-wind-speed environment. Finally, perturbing MP parameters within a single scheme can result in precipitation variations of similar magnitude compared to using entirely different microphysics schemes. MOAT results presented in this study have implications for Bayesian parameter estimation methods and stochastic parameterization within ensemble forecasting.
Climate Variability and Change of Mediterranean-Type Climates
Authors: Seager Richard , Osborn Timothy J. , Kushnir Yochanan , Simpson Isla R. , Nakamura Jennifer , Liu Haibo
Published: March 2019

Mediterranean-type climates are defined by temperate, wet winters, and hot or warm dry summers and exist at the western edges of five continents in locations determined by the geography of winter storm tracks and summer subtropical anticyclones. The climatology, variability, and long-term changes in winter precipitation in Mediterranean-type climates, and the mechanisms for model-projected near-term future change, are analyzed. Despite commonalities in terms of location in the context of planetary-scale dynamics, the causes of variability are distinct across the regions. Internal atmospheric variability is the dominant source of winter precipitation variability in all Mediterranean-type climate regions, but only in the Mediterranean is this clearly related to annular mode variability. Ocean forcing of variability is a notable influence only for California and Chile. As a consequence, potential predictability of winter precipitation variability in the regions is low. In all regions, the trend in winter precipitation since 1901 is similar to that which arises as a response to changes in external forcing in the models participating in phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project. All Mediterranean-type climate regions, except in North America, have dried and the models project further drying over coming decades. In the Northern Hemisphere, dynamical processes are responsible: development of a winter ridge over the Mediterranean that suppresses precipitation and of a trough west of the North American west coast that shifts the Pacific storm track equatorward. In the Southern Hemisphere, mixed dynamic–thermodynamic changes are important that place a minimum in vertically integrated water vapor change at the coast and enhance zonal dry advection into Mediterranean-type climate regions inland.
Label-Free Fluorescence-Based Aptasensor for the Detection of Sulfadimethoxine in Water and Fish
Authors: Chen Xiang-Xiu , Lin Zheng-Zhong , Hong Cheng-Yi , Zhong Hui-Ping , Yao Qiu-Hong , Huang Zhi-Yong
Published: March 2019

Fluorescence-based aptasensors possess high sensitivity but are complicated and usually require multistep labeling and modification in method design, which severely limit the practical applications. Here, a label-free fluorescence-based aptasensor, consisting of aptamer, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), and cadmium telluride (CdTe) quantum dots (QDs), was developed for the detection of sulfadimethoxine (SDM) in water and fish based on the specific recognition of SDM-aptamer and the inner filter effect of QDs and AuNPs. In the absence of a target, AuNPs dispersed in salt solution because of the aptamer protection, which could effectively quench the fluorescence emission of QDs, while in the presence of SDM, AuNPs aggregated due to the specific recognition of SDM-aptamer to SDM, which resulted in fluorescence recovery. A linear response of SDM concentrations in the range of 10–250 ng mL−1 ( R2 = 0.99) was obtained, and the detection limit was 1.54 ng mL−1 (3σ, n = 9), far below the maximum residue limit (100 ng mL−1) of SDM in edible animal tissues regulated by China and the European Commission. The fluorescence-based aptasensor was applied to the detection of SDM in aquaculture water and fish samples with high accuracy, excellent precision, and ideal selectivity. The results indicated that the developed aptasensor was simple in design, easy to operate, and could be used to detect rapidly and accurately SDM in water and fish samples.
Shaming by international organizations: Mapping condemnatory speech acts across 27 international organizations, 1980–2015
Authors: Squatrito Theresa , Lundgren Magnus , Sommerer Thomas
Published: March 2019

In the face of escalating conflicts or atrocities, international organizations (IOs), alongside non-governmental organizations (NGOs), often vocalize public condemnation. Researchers have examined NGO shaming, but no extant literature has comparatively explored if, how and why IOs shame. This article fills this gap. We conceptualize IO shaming as condemnatory speech acts and distinguish between the agent, targets and actions of shaming. We theorize how compliance and socialization are motives that lead IOs to shame. Empirically, we use new data on more than 3000 instances of IO shaming, covering 27 organizations between 1980 and 2015 to examine empirical patterns across the three dimensions of agents, targets and actions. We find that the majority of IOs do employ shaming but to varying degrees. Global, general-purpose IOs shame the most and regional, task-specific IOs the least. IOs mainly shame states, but there is a rise in the targeting of non-state and unnamed actors. While many condemned acts relate to human rights and security issues, IOs shame actions across the policy spectrum. These findings indicate that IO shaming is driven by compliance and socialization motives and that it is a wider phenomenon than previously recognized, suggesting possible avenues for further inquiry.
Amore e giustizia: Il deliberato consenso di Francesca
Authors: Di Fonzo Claudia
Published: March 2019

Il nucleo tematico del contributo è il deliberato acconsentire di Francesca all’amore naturale e al suo desiderio. Questa scelta conduce la protagonista del canto V dell’Inferno di Dante a infrangere i patti e le leggi. Francesca sceglie una volontaria servitù al feroce Eros, dio dell’Amore che non le risparmia la punizione (Amor ch’a nullo amato amar perdona). L’amore d’animo che caratterizza le creature intelligenti, infatti, può meritare o demeritare e dunque avere per virtù il premio e per vizio il lutto. L’amore, infine, per essere verace non può che andare insieme alla giustizia.
Occurrence of diseases in fish used for experimental research
Authors: Iaria Carmelo , Saoca Concetta , Guerrera Maria Cristina , Ciulli Sara , Brundo Maria Violetta , Piccione Giuseppe , Lanteri Giovanni
Published: March 2019

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the occurrence of pathogens and diseases in laboratory fish over a 10-year period at the Centre for Experimental Fish Pathology of Sicily, University of Messina. This report also emphasizes the adverse effects of subclinical infections on research endpoints, as well as the importance of animal health with respect to welfare. Infections in fish used for research can alter experimental outcomes, increase the variability of data, and impede experimental reproducibility. For this purpose, 411 diseased fish of different species (out of a total of 2820 fish) that belonged to four marine species ( Dicentrarchus labrax, Sparus aurata, Argyrosomus regius and Mugil cephalus) and to four fresh water species ( Danio rerio, Carassius auratus, Xiphophorus variatus and Poecilia reticulata) were examined in this study. Our results showed that mycobacteriosis and myxosporidiosis were the most important diseases found in our research fish, and the results represent a useful tool to obtain wider knowledge on the incidence of various diseases in different fish species. Further studies in this field are necessary to improve knowledge on the state of the health of fish used for research.
Mitigated Freedom? Thomas Pröpper’s Reappraisal as Theological Tribute to Autonomy
Authors: Wirth Mathias
Published: March 2019

Thomas Pröpper’s (1941–2015) systematic theology, that was deemed particularly innovative especially in the German-speaking Catholic realm but thus far has garnered hardly any international attention, poses the question of whether a reflection of the is and ought of freedom yields any returns for the question of God and moreover for ethics. 1 A theological way of thinking should be established that helps with understanding faith whilst also offering philosophical justification. 2 For eminently theological reasons, Pröpper pursues a theology of freedom because God’s self-revelation as love can be adequately inferred through concepts of freedom. 3 Pröpper’s theological approach of a question of the contemporary philosophy of subject and freedom also involves the inclusion of authority-critical thought. 4 According to Pröpper’s own information, Hermann Krings’s freedom thinking in particular alongside his transcendental philosophy, 5 tracing back to Immanuel Kant and Johann Gottlieb Fichte, is applicable to Pröpper’s own approach. 6 Consequently, for Pröpper a theological argument can be given only from man ( ex parte hominis). For such an argument to be convincing, it must fulfil satisfy two criteria: it must be able to exist in the application of one’s own reason (“im Gebrauch der eigenen Vernunft”) and in the execution of freedom (“im Vollzug der Freiheit”). 7
“Supernatural” Forgiveness
Authors: Wrigley-Carr Robyn
Published: March 2019

Forgiveness is a complex theological concept and a complicated and nuanced reality. In this article we hear the voices of two women writing from the standpoint of Christian theology. First, Evelyn Underhill, a British, mystical theologian and spiritual director (1875–1941) who was the first woman to lecture in theology at the University of Oxford. In her retreat talks, “Abba,” Underhill teaches that forgiveness is “supernatural,” a reality enabled by the Spirit. Second, Underhill’s insights are “earthed” and critically reflected upon by being placed in dialogue with Monique Lisbon, a contemporary, Australian songwriter and survivor of child sex abuse. Excerpts from Underhill’s spiritual direction further ground and flesh out her spiritual theology concerning forgiveness. The article closes with hope, affirming Underhill’s theology that forgiveness is “supernatural,” yet questions remain concerning the complexity of the forgiveness journey for victims of the most heinous of crimes.
Green infrastructure for China’s new urbanisation: A case study of greenway development in Maanshan
Authors: Zhang Fangzhu , Chung Calvin King Lam , Yin Zihan
Published: March 2019

China’s recent environmental turn in urban development has been marked by a rush of urban green projects. Many city governments have lately focused on green infrastructure of a specific kind – the greenway. This article provides a preliminary assessment of the contributions of greenways to a new, environmentally benign form of urbanisation advocated by the central government. Through a case study of the city of Maanshan, it reveals that Chinese greenways are not just a sustainability fix for the economy’s sake, as many urban green projects in China tend to be conceived. Although the greenways are far from being effective in stimulating tourism, they can promote urban liveability beyond the symbolic and lend material support to active travel. These findings endorse an analytical approach that gives equal emphasis to both the physical and political nature of emerging green infrastructure initiatives to more fully appreciate the logics and functions in their ongoing popularity.
Maximizing Tendencies in Marriage: Accentuating the Implications of Readily Observable Partner Characteristics for Intimates’ Satisfaction
Authors: French Juliana E. , Meltzer Andrea L.
Published: March 2019

People differ in their tendencies to labor over decisions and to make choices that maximize their outcomes—a difference known as maximization. Here, we used two independent, 3-year longitudinal studies of newlywed couples to demonstrate that this individual difference in decision making has important implications for romantic relationships. Consistent with the idea that maximizers are more likely to compare their current romantic partners to potential alternative partners’ readily observable qualities, such as their physical attractiveness and status, results demonstrated that intimates’ maximization moderated the implications of these sex-differentiated variables for marital satisfaction. Specifically, maximizing men who had attractive (vs. unattractive) wives were more satisfied at the start of their marriages. Likewise, maximizing women who had high (vs. low) status husbands experienced less steep declines in satisfaction over time. These findings demonstrate that maximization has important implications for long-term romantic relationships by accentuating the effects of readily observable partner qualities on relationship outcomes.
Emotion regulation strategy knowledge moderates the link between cumulative stress and anxiety symptoms in childhood
Authors: Quiñones-Camacho Laura E. , Davis Elizabeth L.
Published: March 2019

Experiencing chronic stress early in life has been linked to anxiety symptoms and related outcomes. This study examined whether emotional self-regulatory processes, specifically children’s awareness of emotion regulation strategies, would qualify the link between cumulative stress and anxiety symptoms in childhood. One hundred and twenty-nine 6- to 11-year-olds ( M = 8.84; SD = 1.61; 47% girls) participated in the study. We derived an index of nine environmental stressors and quantified children’s emotion regulation strategy awareness from an interview about their emotional experiences. Parents reported on children’s anxiety symptoms. As expected, cumulative stress was positively associated with anxiety symptoms. Emotion regulation strategies moderated the effect of cumulative stress on anxiety symptoms, such that children with larger repertoires had fewer symptoms in the context of low stress, but more symptoms in the context of high stress. Results offer new insight in understanding anxiety symptoms in childhood and demonstrate the importance of children’s emotion regulation strategy knowledge as a novel facet of regulatory skill that may characterize the specific emotion dysregulation implicated in the emergence of psychopathology.
Layers of resistance: Understanding decision-making processes in relation to crime reporting
Authors: Hardy Stevie-Jade
Published: March 2019

Underreporting has been a longstanding problem for criminal justice agencies, which masks the true scale of crime taking place and prevents victims from accessing justice and support. Using empirical evidence collected from more than 2,000 victims who came from different backgrounds and who had experienced different forms of crimes, this article proposes a new theoretical model to enhance our understanding of underreporting. This model highlights that victim decision making is influenced by structural, social, situational and individual barriers, which interact symbiotically to create layers of resistance to reporting. The article concludes by considering what steps academics, policymakers and practitioners can take to dismantle these barriers and to improve reporting rates.
Laboratory and Field Aging Effect on Bitumen Chemistry and Rheology in Porous Asphalt Mixture
Authors: Jing Ruxin , Varveri Aikaterini , Liu Xueyan , Scarpas Athanasios , Erkens Sandra
Published: March 2019

Oxidative aging takes place in bituminous materials during the construction and service life of asphalt pavements and has a significant effect on their performance. In this study, porous asphalt cores were obtained from field test sections each year from 2014 to 2017. The evolution of the properties of the field cores and the recovered bitumen with time was investigated. Cyclic indirect tensile tests were performed to determine changes in the mechanical behavior of porous asphalt due to aging. Additionally, bitumen was extracted and recovered from 13 mm slices along the depth of the cores. The rheological and chemical properties of the recovered bitumen, as well as that of original bitumen aged in standard short- and long-term aging protocols, were investigated by means of dynamic shear rheometer and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer. The results show that the degree of aging is spatially dependent, resulting in a stiffness gradient within the asphalt layer. Moreover, the results demonstrate a weak relation between field aging and the standard laboratory aging protocols.
Unmet Demand for Walkable Transit-Oriented Neighborhoods in a Midsized Canadian Community: Market and Planning Implications
Authors: Frank Lawrence D. , Mayaud Jerome , Hong Andy , Fisher Pat , Kershaw Suzanne
Published: March 2019

Understanding neighborhood preferences remains a key focus for planners. While many studies document the effects of either neighborhood design or neighborhood preference on health and travel behavior, few have explored their combined effect in smaller regions. Using a sample of 2,597 adults in the Region of Waterloo, Ontario, we found an unmet demand for walkable neighborhoods. Results suggest that walkable neighborhoods are independently associated with less vehicle travel after adjusting for sociodemographic and residential preferences. Our study highlights the importance of combining the effects of walkable neighborhoods and preferences for them when addressing health and sustainability goals in suburban communities.
Queering Lactation: Contributions of Queer Theory to Lactation Support for LGBTQIA2S+ Individuals and Families
Authors: Lee Robyn
Published: March 2019

In this article I explore some contributions of queer theory to the provision of lactation support services. In doing so, I also undertake an intersectional analysis of queering lactation, recognizing that forms of oppression do not impact all individuals equally or in the same ways. While recognizing the history of tensions between queer and feminist politics and activism, I argue that queering lactation holds significant benefits for supporting lactation among LGBT families, as well as opening up possibilities for rethinking gender and possibilities for gender equality more generally.
Project HOPE: Sociopolitical Development and SCCT Beliefs of Latinx and White Rural Middle School Students
Authors: Ali Saba Rasheed , Pham Aurora , Loh Garrison Yunkyoung , Brown Samantha D.
Published: March 2019

This quasi-experimental investigation tested whether adding a sociopolitical development (SPD) component to a social cognitive career theory–based (SCCT) career intervention program, Project health-care opportunities, preparation, and exploration (HOPE), was more effective than an SCCT-only intervention among a group of eighth-grade students ( n = 94). Results of the study indicated both intervention conditions were associated with increases in health-care career (HC) and math/science (MS) interests among the participants. Results also demonstrated that gains in HC interests (HCIs) were associated with intervention conditions: students in the SCCT + SPD condition only reported statistically significant gains in HCIs. The study found no statistically significant interaction effects between ethnicity and condition on any of the outcome variables. Results suggest limited support for the effectiveness of SPD-infused SCCT interventions and that more research is needed to better understand how rural students can benefit from SCCT/SPD-based career interventions.
The Provision of Palliative Care for Noncancer Patients With Advanced Disease: Equity Does Matter
Authors: Heydari Abbas , Sharifi Hassan , Bagheri Moghaddam Ahmad
Published: March 2019

According to the World Health Organization, the main mission of palliative care is to optimize the quality of life of patients with serious chronic disease, as well as their caregivers, by providing biopsychosociospiritual care. However, historically, the primary focus of palliative care is on providing care only for cancer diseases. Based on the current literature, it is assumed that palliative care is not provided for many chronic diseases on a regular basis and in many cases, a clinical guideline does not exist for providing palliative care.