bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Isolation of Candida species in children and their biofilm-forming ability on nano-composite surfaces
Authors: Che Hussin Harina Akila , Arshad Nadiah , Nor Azemi Siti Nor Humaira , Raja Sahrul Hishan Raja Izzatun Nisa , Wan Mohd Kamaluddin Wan Nur Fatihah , Rismayuddin Nurul Alia Risma , Mohd Halil Mohd Haikal , Ismail Ahmad Faisal , Ali Fatimah Maryam , Arzmi Mohd Hafiz
Published: December 2020

Candida species including Candida albicans, Candida krusei and Candida glabrata are opportunistic microorganisms that inhabit oral cavity. The objective of this study is to determine the effect of dental caries on Candida spp. biofilm-forming ability on nano- composite with the hypothesis that dental caries enhances the colonization of Candida spp. To assess Candida spp. colonisation in the oral cavity of the paediatric patient, samples were obtained from 30 subjects aged five to six years old from Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia. The samples were collected from buccal mucosa, palate and tooth surfaces using sterile swabs. 10 mL of patient’s saliva suspension was also collected. Following that, the samples were inoculated on CHROMagar and incubated for 24 h at 37 ºC. Candida biofilm of caries isolate C. albicans (HNFC2), and C. albicans ATCC 32354 were developed on three different types of nano-composites. The study showed that no C. albicans was isolated from the caries-free oral cavity while 76% of children with caries possessed Candida spp. 65% of the yeasts were isolated from the tooth surface. Only 35% of the total isolates were obtained from soft tissues, including palatal and buccal mucosa. C. albicans is the most isolated Candida spp. with 82% and 67% of the yeast were obtained from the tooth surface and buccal mucosa, respectively. Besides, HNFC2 significantly colonised the nano- composites more than the ATCC (P < 0.05). In the comparison of the three types of nano- composites, nano-hybrid-based containing pre-polymerised filler (cB) exhibited the least C. albicans HNFC2 cells colonisation with 7.7 x 10³ cells mL-1. In contrast, the nano-composite that contained bulk-filled nanohybrid (cC) was the most colonised with 14.3 x 10³ cells mL-1. In conclusion, dental caries enhances the colonization of Candida spp. in children's oral cavity, and that caries isolate form more biofilm on nano-composites compared to the lab strain C. albicans.
Internet addiction among pharmacy undergraduate students in Malaysia
Authors: S Radeef Ali , Faisal Ghasak Ghazi
Published: December 2020

Internet addiction occurs due to excessive and uncontrolled use of the internet. It may hinder academic achievement and lead to reduction in quality of life of the students. This study aims to assess the prevalence of internet addiction (IA) among pharmacy students. A sample of 223 students from Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia participated in this study. Chen Internet Addiction Scale (CIAS) was used to assess the prevalence of Internet addiction. The prevalence of IA among pharmacy students was 26.9% while 13.5% were at higher risk for addiction. Although the mean score was higher among male students but it was not statistically significant (P>0.05). IA is significantly higher amongstudents who are spending more than 40 hours per week online. Students with poor social interaction had higher mean CIAS score than those who were socially active, however the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05) In conclusion, Internet addiction need to be addressed early to prevent its effects on physical and mental wellbeing. Students need to be educated about controlling and managing time spent online to avoid progression into internetaddiction.
A new genus of Orphninae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) from Madagascar
Authors: Frolov A.V. , Montreuil O.
Published: December 2020

A new genus, Renorphnus gen. n, is established for the Madagascar species Orphnus clementi Petrovitz. The new genus differs from other representatives of Orphninae in distinctive shape of the fore tibia of male, shape of clypeus, presence of 2 more or less prominent tubercles on pronotum in both sexes, and widened and pectinate setae on costal margin of wings. Orphnus clementi is redescribed. Diagnostic key to Madagascar Orphninae genera is given.
SYNTHESIS OF ALIPHATIC ALCOHOLS ON THE BASE ON ETHYLENE
Authors: Abdullaev J. , Nurmanov S. , Parmonov A. , Mirkhamitova D.
Published: December 2020

Synthesis of 2-methylpropanol-1 from ethylene and ethanol at high pressure was investigated. The process parameters were determined and the effect of temperature and reaction time on the product yield was studied.
FORMATION OF ANODIC POROUS ALUMINA IN OXALIC ACID AND ELECTRODEPOSITION OF NI.
Authors: Khamidov A. , Nurmanov S. , Ruzimuradov O. , Parmonov A.
Published: December 2020

Nanoporous anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) tubular membranes were fabricated from aluminum alloy tubes in sulfuric and oxalic acid electrolytes using a two-step anodization process. The membranes were investigated for characteristics such as pore size, interpore distance and thickness by varying applied voltage and electrolyte concentration. Morphology of the membranes was examined using light optical and scanning electron microscopy and characterized using Image software. Results showed that membranes having narrow pore size and uniform pore distribution with parallel channel arrays were obtained. The pore sizes were ranging from 10 to 100 nm and the wall thicknesses 60 μm.
The catalysts are obtained by impregnation of 3d metals into nanosized pores of aluminum oxide. The obtained catalysts based on nickel and porous Al2O3 are studied by scanning microscopy (SEM-EDX). The results of SEM-EDX analysis shows that a spongy structure with filament sizes of 100 nanometers containing particles of 3d metals formed on the surface of the aluminum oxide matrix.
AN INFORMATION DISSEMINATION STRATEGY FOR GOVERNMENT SPOKESPERSONS TO MINIMISE SERVICE DELIVERY PROTESTS IN SOUTH AFRICA
Authors: Costa King , Maropeng Manyathela
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this study was to develop an appropriate information dissemination framework for government spokespersons to minimize service delivery protests in South Africa. Of central concern to the study was the positive contribution that government Spokespersons could make in the management of SA’s image. The study was aimed at addressing the concerns and assumptions that many government spokespersons underappreciate the value of effective information dissemination especially in the context of South Africa’s volatile service delivery environment. Ineffective information dissemination skills by government spokespersons is a real cause for concern. The inability by government spokespersons to properly disseminate information, is largely regarded as a contributory factor towards the current surge in protest incidences. Disseminating information in a crisis-ridden environment is a complex task that requires unusual information dissemination strategy, skills and experience. The study followed an interpretivist epistemological trajectory within the qualitative method using case studies as a research strategy. In depth interviews were conducted using semi structured interview guides to obtain rich information regarding the phenomenon in relation to service delivery protests in South Africa. Interviews were recorded in line with ethical standards and subsequent to participants’s permissions using an audio recording device. These recorded interviews were transcribed and transformed into data documents that were subsequently analyzed within the method of thematic analysis. Data refinement was treated through the COSTA QDA technique using webQDA software.Findings confirmed the pre-defined study objectives which indicated the need for heightened and structured approach to information dissemination by government communicators. Further synthesis indicated a requirement for such information dissemination to be structured proactive and responsive to diverse environments. In view of the above, a theory was developed which resulted in an Information Dissemination Framework.
PEMANFAATAN DAUN GAHARU SEBAGAI PENGOBATAN SECARA ALAMI PENYAKIT KANKER DAN HIPERTENSI
Authors: Yanti Ursula Nova , Sumping Agustina , Dandri Melsi , Dona Andi , Secong Timotius Tobias , Sirhi Sirilus , Setiawan Beni
Published: December 2020

Abstrak: Gaharu adalah tanaman yang memiliki nama latin Aquilaria Malaccensis. Pohon gaharu memiliki nama lokal yaitu garu. Tanaman gharu telah secara empiris digunakan oleh masyarakat Dayak di Lanjak, Batang Lupar Kabupaten Kapuas Hulu sebagai tanaman obat. Daun gaharu ini diolah menjadi ekstrak teh yang dapat dimanfaatkan untuk pengobatan secara alami penyakit kanker dan hipertensi. Kegiatan pelatihan pembuatan ekstrak teh ini dilakukan di Desa Sungai Ukoi, Kecamatan Sungai Tebelian, Kabupaten Sintang. Metode pelaksanaan dengan mengadakan pelatihan secara daring melalui virtual videocall whatsapp grup. Dilihat dari respon peserta pelatihan menunjukan bahwa mitra antusias mengikuti pelatihan tersebut. Setelah pelatihan peserta diminta membuat tempat pengeringan yang digunakan untuk membuat teh daun gaharu kering. Pada akhir kegiatan peserta diminta untuk mengisi angket respon, diperoleh data sebagai berikut: 1) 95.45% untuk penilaian kebersihan penampilan produk; 2) 93.50% untuk kemenarikan dalam penampilan produk; 3) 94.15% untuk kesesuaian porsi produk; 4) 97.35% untuk kesesuaian temperatur produk; 5) 93.22% untuk kemenarikan aroma produk; 6) 92.14% untuk kesesuaian rasa produk.
Simulation of sports movement training based on machine learning and brain-computer interface
Authors: Wang Linuo
Published: December 2020

Injuries and hidden dangers in training have a greater impact on athletes ’careers. In particular, the brain function that controls the motor function area has a greater impact on the athlete ’s competitive ability. Based on this, it is necessary to adopt scientific methods to recognize brain functions. In this paper, we study the structure of motor brain-computer and improve it based on traditional methods. Moreover, supported by machine learning and SVM technology, this study uses a DSP filter to convert the preprocessed EEG signal X into a time series, and adjusts the distance between the time series to classify the data. In order to solve the inconsistency of DSP algorithms, a multi-layer joint learning framework based on logistic regression model is proposed, and a brain-machine interface system of sports based on machine learning and SVM is constructed. In addition, this study designed a control experiment to improve the performance of the method proposed by this study. The research results show that the method in this paper has a certain practical effect and can be applied to sports.
Dissonance in Music Impairs Spatial Gait Parameters in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Fritz Thomas H. , Liebau Gefion , Löhle Matthias , Hartjen Berit , Czech Phillip , Schneider Lydia , Sehm Bernhard , Kotz Sonja A. , Ziemssen Tjalf , Storch Alexander , Villringer Arno
Published: December 2020

Background: It is known that music influences gait parameters in Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, it remains unclear whether this effect is merely due to temporal aspects of music (rhythm and tempo) or other musical parameters. Objective: To examine the influence of pleasant and unpleasant music on spatiotemporal gait parameters in PD, while controlling for rhythmic aspects of the musical signal. Methods: We measured spatiotemporal gait parameters of 18 patients suffering from mild PD (50%men, mean±SD age of 64±6 years; mean disease duration of 6±5 years; mean Unified PD Rating scale [UPDRS] motor score of 15±7) who listened to eight different pieces of music. Music pieces varied in harmonic consonance/dissonance to create the experience of pleasant/unpleasant feelings. To measure gait parameters, we used an established analysis of spatiotemporal gait, which consists of a walkway containing pressure-receptive sensors (GAITRite®). Repeated measures analyses of variance were used to evaluate effects of auditory stimuli. In addition, linear regression was used to evaluate effects of valence on gait. Results: Sensory dissonance modulated spatiotemporal and spatial gait parameters, namely velocity and stride length, while temporal gait parameters (cadence, swing duration) were not affected. In contrast, valence in music as perceived by patients was not associated with gait parameters. Motor and musical abilities did not relevantly influence the modulation of gait by auditory stimuli. Conclusion: Our observations suggest that dissonant music negatively affects particularly spatial gait parameters in PD by yet unknown mechanisms, but putatively through increased cognitive interference reducing attention in auditory cueing.
Investigation of Groundwater In-rush Zone using Petrophysical Logs and Short-offset Transient Electromagnetic (SOTEM) Data
Authors: Khan Muhammad Younis , Xue Guo-Qiang , Chen Wei-Ying , Boateng Cyril D.
Published: December 2020

The water burst from the Ordovician limestone underlain by the Permo-Carboniferous coal seams have potential to trigger coalmine hazards in Northern China. Therefore, it is crucial to identify and accurately map the water enrichment zones and delineate coal seams using an integrated approach based on surface TEM and subsurface wireline log information to avoid water-inrush hazard and ensure safe production of coal. We inverted surface based TEM data using 1-D Occam inversion to identify the conductive anomaly and then further quantified the zone of interest by gamma and resistivity logs. 1-D Occam inversion results show conductive zone around 370 m while higher resistivity and lower gamma ray log signatures were observed against coal seams. Groundwater inrush zone falls within the mid-range gamma ray and resistivity interval as shown on the petrophysical logs. The distinct log signatures (low gamma-ray and high resistivity values) clearly indicated coal seams at depth of 410 and 470 m and subsequently the log trends were used to distinguish between coal units and more permeable sands. The magnitude and the variability of these parameters in the borehole are attributed to the subsurface stratigraphic heterogeneity. They can be key clues for interpretation of depositional facies of coal-bearing sequence and may also be used as a constraint in characterization of groundwater enrichment zone.
Ground-wire Source TEM 3D Full Time Multinary Inversion Using Adaptive Regulation
Authors: Luan Xiaodong , Di Qingyun , Xue Guoqing , Chen Bin
Published: December 2020

Ground-wire source transient electromagnetic method (GTEM) provides better investigation ability than loop source TEM at a given noise level and decay time. However, at the present time, the method still stays in the one-dimensional inversion interpretation stage. Since actual geological structures are three-dimensionally distributed, the three-dimensional electromagnetic forward and inversion are crucial for understanding the electromagnetic responses of complex geological structures. Moreover, the traditional 3D smooth inversions of geophysical data have been found to inaccurately reflect small-scale and isolated anomalies. In this study, a multinary inversion method was introduced and applied to GTEM inversions. It was found that the proposed method had the ability to enable GTEM to more accurately delineate anomalous bodies when applied to detect high-resistivity target. Then, for the purpose of avoiding the need for multiple inversion tests to determine the regularization factors, a self-adaptive scheme was proposed based on the differences between the data fitting functional and the model functional during each iteration step. It was observed that by introducing the multinary inversion with adaptive regulation, more stable and accurate inversion results were obtained. In the current study, the numerical simulation results had successfully verified that the proposed multinary inversion method had provided better resolution than the traditional inversion methods.
A Foundation of Serial Murder and Appreciation of the Male Voice: Historical and Feminist Considerations in The Handmaid's Tale
Authors: Redford Jasmine
Published: December 2020

Violent crime, and the impulse to temper it, fuel cycles of utopian and dystopian discourse in North American literature. Dystopian fiction operates as a social document that highlight the anxieties of the time in which authoring takes place, and in Margaret Atwood's The Handmaid's Tale, America's violent history/(his)story is legalized and gendered. The principal narrator, Offred, manages her perspective—the only thing she can claim personal ownership over—under the pressure of a strict monotheocracy. This paper examines Atwood's novel with a historical-critical lens and posits that groundwork for Gilead was seeded during a spike of lurid serial murders in the 1970s/1980s—a discourse established, perhaps hyperbolically, by the pre-digital press combined with the resurgence of conservative values during the Reagan administration; these conditions fertilized the neo-patriarchal legislation of the fictional Gilead—text born of context. Both historical and feminist criticism discover examples of gendered assault, contemporary to the time of the novel's authoring, bleeding into the nebulously timed present-day Gilead—for time, the narrator notes, has not been of enumerable value since the mid-1980s. The Handmaid's Tale repurposes the history of sexual violence and femicide; here, horror is systematically present within the Puritan womb which seeks to shield an infantilized population—women from the monsters in dark alleys to the proliferation of Ted Bundy and Edmund Kemper doppelgangers in mass media.
The COVID Biopolitics in Russia
Authors: Makarychev Andrey , Goes Maria , Kuznetsova Anna
Published: December 2020

In this article, we discuss the outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic as abiopolitical challenge that – along the lines of the contemporary academicdebate on biopower – may be approached through the concepts ofsovereignty and governmentality. Within this general framework, theauthors look at the challenges Russia faces due to the corona crisis fromthe viewpoint of domestic transformations within the ruling regime, mainlyfocusing on center – periphery relations as a core element of the powerstructure in Russia that demands a stronger emphasis on governmentality.We outline several forms of regions’ distancing from the federal center:digital empowerment, the resistance of the North, and the demand for"people’s governors". Our main conclusion is that the relative administrativeautonomy obtained by the regions reflects the ongoing process ofdecentralization of the Russian political system which will affect thestructural characteristics of Russian federalism in the future.
The Problem of Temporality in the Architectural Heritage
Authors: Yurieva A. V.
Published: December 2020

Introduction.As a spatial art, architecture is related to the past, the present and, thanks to its monumentality, is fixed in the foreseeable future. As the history of the study of the categories of space and time in the history of philosophy and science shows us, it is possible to obtain significant results only in the process of their synthetic study. In contemporary studies on the philosophy of architecture we most often encounter close attention to the category of space, which is quite natural. However, the category of temporality is no less important for understanding the architectural heritage.

Methodology and sources.The methodological basis of the work is historical, cultural, and semiotic analysis. The main approach is interdisciplinary. The sources used were philosophical  texts  related  to  the  problem  of  time  (P. P.  Gaidenko,  V. I.  Ukolova, A. Ya. Gurevich, A. N. Loy, K. N. Pavlyuts, V. N. Finogentov), theoretical works on architecture (A. V. Nekrasov, K. Nornberg-Schultz, N. A. Ladovsky, Z. Gidion, A. Rappoport), as well as materials in which architects reveal the essence and specifics of their professional activities (R. Bofill, D. Libeskind).

Resultsanddiscussion.In philosophy, temporality is understood as a collective concept that includes several components. The results of the study are the following conclusions: for the perception of architectural space, the temporal characteristics of both the object and the subject are important; the concept of historical memory contained in the heritage of architecture must be approached as carefully as possible; in temple architecture, through the stability of spatial solutions, the temporal characteristics of the object are preserved; at transitional moments of time, there is often a change in style and its temporal characteristics.

Conclusion.Along with the category of space, the category of time in architecture is essential, and should not be of secondary importance in the analysis, development, renovation or preservation of any buildings. The history of architecture shows us the depth and complexity of the category of temporality at different levels. It turns out to be promising to study this problem in an interdisciplinary approach, since it is no longer enough to research it only from the point of view of objectively real forms of existence of matter. There is a need to consider it from the point of view of philosophical and socio-cultural interpretation.
Investigation of electromagnetic shielding and solar properties of woven fabrics made by barium titanate/polyester bicomponent yarns
Authors: ÇELEN Rumeysa , ULCAY Yusuf
Published: December 2020

In this
study, electromagnetic shielding and solar properties of woven fabrics which
were produced barium titanate/polyester bicomponent yarns were investigated. 1,
2 and 3% additive ratios of barium titanate and three different fabric
structures (1/1 plain, sateen and special weave) were used in the experiments.
The effect of additive ratio and the fabric structure on electromagnetic
shielding properties were evaluated. Electromagnetic Shielding Effectiveness
(EMSE) of the woven fabrics was determined according to the ASTM D4935-10
standard by using coaxial transmission line measurement technique in the
frequency range of 15–3000 MHz. The fabric with the highest content of the
barium titanate (3%) and special weave showed the highest shielding
effectiveness, reaching 13.96 dB at 15 MHz. The solar properties were measured
according to EN14500 using a UV/VIS/NIR spectrophotometer and results were calculated
according to EN 410 standard. The reflectance values of barium titanate added
polyester fabrics increased and the transmittance values decreased.
Active methodologies for teaching and learning physics: Case study of the formulation of heat and temperature concepts
Authors: Vilanculo Jossias Arnaldo , Mutimucuio Inocente Vasco , Silva Carlos Santos
Published: December 2020

The research is part of science teaching, whose objective is to bring teaching approaches that allow an active participation of the student, allowing the students’ alternative conceptions to be valued, enabling the student to build his/her own knowledge. The research is part of David Ausubel’s theoretical assumptions and was developed in a Mozambican school with 9th grade students. The work emerges as a way to bring alternatives to the traditional method of teaching physics predominantly to the whole world. Two classes of 101 students were submitted to a questionnaire elaborated by the researcher in order to identify the alternative conceptions of the students in the concepts of heat and temperature. Then they were submitted to a didactic intervention on the concepts of heat and temperature using the active methodology in the experimental and traditional class in the control class, at the end a post-test was applied. The results show that the strategy used in the experimental class allowed greater participation of students during classes and also noticed a substantial improvement in the formulation of heat and temperature concepts, having significantly reduced alternative conceptions about these concepts.
Analysis of 3 Phase Induction Motor Speed Control with Direct Torque Control (DTC) Method Based on PID Control
Authors: Sari Mokh. Suseno Aji , Suyono Hadi , Lomi Abraham
Published: December 2020

This research was conducted to regulate the three phase induction motor speed regulation system. Changes in load on the motor affect the motor speed response so it does not match the set point speed. This study uses the Direct Torque Control (DTC) method in regulating the speed of an induction motor. The DTC method is a vector control method that is directly assigned to the inverter. DTC method in controlling speed based on Proportional Integral Differential (PID) control. Determination of PID tunning using two methods, namely, ziegler-nichols and cohen-coon method. The ziegler-nichols method have overshoot speeds starting at 0.8% of the setpoint, whereas using the cohen coon method there is no overshoot and the speed at stable conditions matches the setpoint.
Resistencia intermitente y rendimiento en el Yo-Yo test en jóvenes jugadores de fútbol y aplicación de la percepción subjetiva del esfuerzo en el control del entrenamiento
Authors: González-Fernández Francisco Tomás , Adalid-Leiva Juan Jesús , Baena-Morales Salvador , Falces-Prieto Moisés
Published: December 2020

Objetivo: Calcular el consumo máximo de oxígeno a través de un test de campo submáximo (Yo-Yo de recuperación intermitente I) y valorar la percepción subjetiva del esfuerzo y la percepción del grado de recuperación entre jugadores y sus diferentes posiciones en el campo.

Método: 32 jugadores de fútbol masculino de 1ª División Andaluza Sub 15, realizaron el test de campo Yo-Yo de recuperación intermitente I para calcular el consumo máximo de oxígeno, posteriormente se registró la percepción de los esfuerzos y la frecuencia cardíaca.

Resultados: Diferentes pruebas t comparando los datos obtenidos mostraron tan sólo diferencias significativas en la frecuencia cardíaca tras recuperación de 1’ entre centrocampistas vs delanteros, t(10)= 3.04, p<0.03, d= 1.18. Además, se encontró una correlación entre los datos promediados de la frecuencia cardíaca a velocidad aeróbica máxima y los datos promediados de la percepción del grado de recuperación.

Conclusión: Estos datos indican un mejor comportamiento cardiovascular en los centrocampistas, coincidiendo con lo datos existentes en la literatura.
O papel dos sindicatos e o (des)amparo aos direitos laborais dos entregadores de aplicativo frente à pandemia de Covid-19
Authors: Caravieri Martins Juliane , Lopes Scodro Catharina , Melo de Souza Felipe
Published: December 2020

No âmbito do Direito do Trabalho, o direito de associação dos trabalhadores e, portanto, de organização em entidades sindicais apresenta grande importância para garantia de melhores condições de vida, de trabalho e de salário, por exemplo, por conferir poder de barganha. Na atualidade, o cenário de pandemia de COVID-19 e de adoção de medidas de distanciamento social propiciou o reconhecimento da atividade desempenhada pelos entregadores vinculados aos aplicativos de delivery como essencial, evidenciando, por conseguinte, o contexto de precarização e desregulamentação. Esse artigo, a partir do método dedutivo e da técnica de pesquisa bibliográfico-documental, propõe a analisar o direito à associação dos trabalhadores e a função dos sindicatos, especialmente durante a pandemia no Brasil, no que tange à garantia dos direitos dos entregadores vinculados aos aplicativos de delivery. Para tanto, abordará os seguintes tópicos: 1. O Direito de livre associação e os sindicatos – Reveses ante a Reforma Trabalhista de 2017 no Brasil; 2. Pandemia de COVID-19, instrumentos legislativos e reflexos no mundo do trabalho; 3. A Atuação do Sindicato na Promoção de Direitos dos Entregadores de Aplicativos em Tempos de Coronavírus.
Implementasi Fuzzy C-Means Clustering dalam Pengelompokan UKM Di Kabupaten Rokan Hulu
Authors: Rouza Erni , Fimawahib Luth
Published: December 2020

Dalam upaya meningkatkan Usaha Kecil dan Menengah (UKM) di Kabupaten Rokan Hulu yang menjadi industri kreatif dan inovatif tentunya pendataan pesebaran UKM harus up to date dan valid sehingga pemerintah dapat memberikan kebijakan ataupun bantuan kepelaku usaha untuk mengembangkan usahanya apalagi dalam situasi pandemic ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengelompokkan jenis UKM yang ada di Rokan Hulu menggunakan metode Fuzzy C-Means Clustering  dan membuat aplikasi baru berbasis Web untuk mendata persebaran UKM yang dilengkapi dengan peta pesebaran UKM . Fuzzy C-Mean Clustering (FCM) adalah suatu teknik pengclusteran data yang mana keberadaan tiap-tiap titik data dalam suatu cluster ditentukan oleh derajat keanggotaannya. Variabel yang digunakan berdasarkan omset, asset dan jumlah tenaga kerja. Sedangkan untuk pengelompokan jenis UKM dicluster menjadi 3 jenis, yaitu usaha menengah, usaha kecil dan usaha mikro. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian metode Fuzzy C-Mean Clustering dapat mengelompokkan jenis Usaha Kecil Menengah berdasarkan 3 cluster yaitu usaha menengah, usaha kecil dan usaha mikro, serta nilai validasinya rata-rata hampir mendekati angka 1, hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa Fuzzy C-Means Clustering memiliki tingkat akurasi yang tinggi sebesar 80-90 %.
Improving the Predictive Value of Prion Inactivation Validation Methods to Minimize the Risks of Iatrogenic Transmission With Medical Instruments
Authors: Moudjou Mohammed , Castille Johan , Passet Bruno , Herzog Laetitia , Reine Fabienne , Vilotte Jean-Luc , Rezaei Human , Béringue Vincent , Igel-Egalon Angélique
Published: December 2020

Prions are pathogenic infectious agents responsible for fatal, incurable neurodegenerative diseases in animals and humans. Prions are composed exclusively of an aggregated and misfolded form (PrPSc) of the cellular prion protein (PrPC). During the propagation of the disease, PrPScrecruits and misfolds PrPCinto further PrPSc. In human, iatrogenic prion transmission has occurred with incompletely sterilized medical material because of the unusual resistance of prions to inactivation. Most commercial prion disinfectants validated against the historical, well-characterized laboratory strain of 263K hamster prions were recently shown to be ineffective against variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease human prions. These observations and previous reports support the view that any inactivation method must be validated against the prions for which they are intended to be used. Strain-specific variations in PrPScphysico-chemical properties and conformation are likely to explain the strain-specific efficacy of inactivation methods. Animal bioassays have long been used as gold standards to validate prion inactivation methods, by measuring reduction of prion infectivity. Cell-free assays such as the real-time quaking-induced conversion (RT-QuIC) assay and the protein misfolding cyclic amplification (PMCA) assay have emerged as attractive alternatives. They exploit the seeding capacities of PrPScto exponentially amplify minute amounts of prions in biospecimens. European and certain national medicine agencies recently implemented their guidelines for prion inactivation of non-disposable medical material; they encourage or request the use of human prions and cell-free assays to improve the predictive value of the validation methods. In this review, we discuss the methodological and technical issues regarding the choice of (i) the cell-free assay, (ii) the human prion strain type, (iii) the prion-containing biological material. We also introduce a new optimized substrate for high-throughput PMCA amplification of human prions bound on steel wires, as translational model for prion-contaminated instruments.
Recent Advances and Future Trends in the Detection of Contaminants by Molecularly Imprinted Polymers in Food Samples
Authors: Gao Mingkun , Gao Yuhang , Chen Ge , Huang Xiaodong , Xu Xiaomin , Lv Jun , Wang Jing , Xu Donghui , Liu Guangyang
Published: December 2020

Drug residues, organic dyes, heavy metals, and other chemical pollutants not only cause environmental pollution, but also have a serious impact on food safety. Timely and systematic summary of the latest scientific advances is of great importance for the development of new detection technologies. In particular, molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) can mimic antibodies, enzymes and other biological molecules to recognize, enrich, and separate contaminants, with specific recognition, selective adsorption, high affinity, and strong resistance characteristics. Therefore, MIPs have been widely used in chemical analysis, sensing, and material adsorption. In this review, we first describe the basic principles and production processes of molecularly imprinted polymers. Secondly, an overview of recent applications of molecularly imprinted polymers in sample pre-treatment, sensors, chromatographic separation, and mimetic enzymes is highlighted. Finally, a brief assessment of current technical issues and future trends in molecularly imprinted polymers is also presented.
Case Report: Ipilimumab-Induced Panhypophysitis: An Infrequent Occurrence and Literature Review
Authors: Barnabei Agnese , Carpano Silvia , Chiefari Alfonsina , Bianchini Marta , Lauretta Rosa , Mormando Marilda , Puliani Guilia , Paoletti Giancarlo , Appetecchia Marialuisa , Torino Francesco
Published: December 2020

Background

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), by unleashing the anticancer response of the immune system, can improve survival of patients affected by several malignancies, but may trigger a broad spectrum of adverse events, including autoimmune hypophysitis. ICI-related hypophysitis mainly manifests with anterior hypopituitarism, while the simultaneous involvement of both anterior and posterior pituitary (i.e., panhypophysitis) has rarely been described.

Case Presentation

In June 2015, a 64-year-old man affected by liver metastases of a uveal melanoma was referred to us due to polyuria and polydipsia. Two months prior, he had started ipilimumab therapy (3 mg/kg iv every 21 days). The treatment was well-tolerated (only mild asthenia and diarrhea were reported). A few days before the fourth cycle, the patient complained of intense headaches, profound fatigue, nocturia, polyuria (up to 10 L urine/daily), and polydipsia. Laboratory tests were consistent with adrenal insufficiency, hypothyroidism, and transient central diabetes insipidus. The pituitary MRI showed an enlarged gland with microinfarcts, while the hypophyseal stalk was normal, and the neurohypophyseal ‘bright signal’ in T1 sequences was not detected. The treatment included dexamethasone (then cortisone acetate at replacement dose), desmopressin, and levothyroxine. Within the next five days, the symptoms resolved, and blood pressure, electrolytes, glucose, and urinalysis were stable within the normal ranges; desmopressin was discontinued while cortisone acetate and levothyroxine were maintained. The fourth ipilimumab dose was entirely administered in the absence of further side effects.

Conclusion

As ICIs are increasingly used as anticancer agents, the damage to anterior and/or posterior pituitary can be progressively encountered by oncologists and endocrinologists in their clinical practice. Patients on ICIs and their caregivers should be informed about that risk and be empowered to alert the referring specialists early, at the onset of panhypopituitarism symptoms, including polyuria/polydipsia.
The Predictive Value of Children's Understanding of Indeterminacy and Confounding for Later Mastery of the Control-of-Variables Strategy
Authors: Peteranderl Sonja , Edelsbrunner Peter A.
Published: December 2020

Prior research has identified age 9–11 as a critical period for the development of the control-of-variables strategy (CVS). We examine the stability of interindividual differences in children's CVS skills with regard to their precursor skills during this critical developmental period. To this end, we relate two precursor skills of CVS at age 9 to four skills constituting fully developed CVS more than 2 years later, controlling for children's more general cognitive development. Note thatN= 170 second- to fourth-graders worked on multiple choice-assessments of their understanding of indeterminacy of evidence and of confounding. We find relations between these two precursor skills and children's CVS skills 2 years later at age 11 inplanning, identifying, andinterpretingcontrolled experiments, and in recognizing the inconclusiveness of confounded comparisons (understanding). In accordance with the perspective that both indeterminacy and confounding constitute critical, related yet distinct elements of CVS, both precursor skills contribute to the prediction of later CVS. Together, the two precursor skills can explain 39% of students' later CVS mastery. Overall, the understanding of indeterminacy is a stronger predictor of fully developed CVS than that of confounding. The understanding of confounding, however, is a better predictor of the more difficult CVS sub-skills of understanding the inconclusiveness of confounded comparisons, and of planning a correctly controlled experiment. Importantly, both precursor skills maintain interactive predictive strength when controlling for children's general cognitive abilities and reading comprehension, showing that the developmental dynamics of CVS and its precursor skills cannot be fully ascribed to general cognitive development. We discuss implications of these findings for theories about the development of CVS and broader scientific reasoning.
Self-Reported Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Nutrition and Physical Activity Behaviour in Dutch Older Adults Living Independently
Authors: Visser Marjolein , Schaap Laura A. , Wijnhoven Hanneke A. H.
Published: December 2020

The aim was to explore the self-reported impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on nutrition and physical activity behaviour in Dutch older adults and to identify subgroups most susceptible to this impact. Participants (N = 1119, aged 62–98 y, 52.8% female) of the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam living independently completed a COVID-19 questionnaire. Questions on diagnosis, quarantine and hospitalization were asked, as well as impact of the pandemic on ten nutrition and physical activity behaviours. Associations of pre-COVID-19 assessed characteristics (age, sex, region, household composition, self-rated health, BMI, physical activity, functional limitations) with reported impact were tested using logistic regression analyses. About half of the sample (48.3–54.3%) reported a decrease in physical activity and exercise due to the pandemic. An impact on nutritional behaviour predisposing to overnutrition (e.g., snacking more) was reported by 20.3–32.4%. In contrast, 6.9–15.1% reported an impact on behaviour predisposing to undernutrition (e.g., skipping warm meals). Those who had been in quarantine (n = 123) more often reported a negative impact. Subgroups with higher risk of impact could be identified. This study shows a negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on nutrition and physical activity behaviour of many older adults, which may increase their risk of malnutrition, frailty, sarcopenia and disability.
Tinjauan Fasilitas Pencegah Ancaman Mekanik Pada Permainan Berbasis Tali Next Level Xl
Authors: Nurpalah Latifah Thohiroh , Dharmawan Cherry Cherry
Published: December 2020

Artikel ini mendeskripsikan ergonomi wahana permainan berbasis tali yang berada di Next Level PVJ Bandung. Pada perkembangannya telah terdapat penyesuaian permainannya menjadi permainan dalam ruangan seperti Next Level XL. Maksud dan tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk meninjau penerapan ancaman mekanik pada wahana permainan berbasis tali di Next Level XL PVJ Bandung.Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan menganalisa data kualitatif dan membandingkan satu unsur dengan unsur lainnya. Data yang dikumpulkan berasal dari studi literatur mengenai ergonomi dan permainan berbasis tali, observasi lapangan, dan wawancara. Kemudian data-data tersebut dianalisis dengan teori faktor ergonomi kesehatan, keselamatan dan kesejahteraan untuk mencegah ancaman mekanik pada permainan berbasis tali. Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan disimpulkan bahwa faktor ergonomi kesehatan, keselamatan dan kesejahteraan untuk mencegah ancaman mekanik seperti jaring pengaman, harness, helm, penggunaan sepatu dan lainnya diperlukan pada permainan berbasis tali di beberapa fasilitas Next Level XL.
significance of local meteorological stations in research planning
Authors: Novák Zsuzsanna , Juhász Lajos , Varga Sámuel Zsolt
Published: December 2020

The goal of research planning is to optimize human and material resources while maximizing efficiency. If there are databases that can be used as a substitute for own data collection, effective research can be facilitated by reallocating resources. In the case of environmental studies, the knowledge of the climatic conditions of the study period is known to be a key factor in research planning process.
 In the present study, the data of our meteorological station in our research area (known as “Szamárháti Tanya”, Kesznyéten, Hungary) was compared with the measurements of meteorological stations operated by the competent water authority. Stations were taken into the study within a 10 and 20 km radius over a period of 21 months, to determine which provided more relevant data from the area.
During the evaluation of results, the relationship between the local and regional weather stations were determined, and deductions were made from the obtained results to support the decision which of the targeted investigations could be of greater benefit.
Metode Multi Objective Optimization by Ratio Analysis Dalam Penentuan Penerima KJP
Authors: Mailasari Mely , Nisa Khoirun
Published: December 2020

Program bantuan pemerintah salah satunya melalui Kartu Jakarta Pintar (KJP) yaitu memberi bantuan biaya pendidikan untuk memenuhi semua kebutuhan siswa dengan menggunakan kartu. Program ini ditujukan untuk anak usia sekolah dasar hingga menengah atas atau sederajat yang berasal  dari  keluarga  yang  tidak mampu. Dalam pelaksanaan program ini ditemui beberapa kendala dan penyalahgunaan seperti penilaian yang subjektif sehingga program Kartu Jakarta Pintar menjadi tidak tepat sasaran. Karena permasalahan diatas, dibutuhkan sebuah sistem pendukung keputusan pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode Multi Objective Optimization by Ratio Analysis (MOORA) untuk menentukan penerima Kartu Jakarta Pintar (KJP) yang tepat sasaran sehingga terhindar dari penyalahgunaan tujuan program. Metode MOORA digunakan untuk menghitung nilai bobot setiap atribut, proses perankingan akan melakukan seleksi alternatif penerima Kartu Jakarta Pintar (KJP) dari semua alternatif yang ada sesuai dengan kriteria yang sudah ditentukan berdasarkan hasil perhitungan nilai Yi tertinggi. Kriteria yang dimaksud antara lain jumlah saudara usia kurang dari 18 tahun, pendapatan rumah tangga dan asset yang dimiliki. Dari hasil perhitungan didapatkan nilai Yi tertinggi sebagai alternatif terbaik pada alternatif A6 dengan nilai sebesar 0,646263946 yang diprioritaskan untuk mendapat Kartu Jakarta Pintar (KJP).
Yunus Emre Enstitüsü Türkçe Öğreniyorum Setinin Değerler Eğitimi Açısından İncelenmesi
Authors: ERÇELİK Hasan , YEŞİLYURT Erhan
Published: December 2020

Tarihî, kültürel birikimiyle düşüncelerin evi, değerlerin taşıyıcısı olan Türkçe, değerlerin yaşatılması ve aktarılması açısından önemlidir. Bilimin ve teknolojinin hızla ilerlemesiyle küçülen dünyada Türkiye ve Türkçe sahip olduğu tarihî, siyasî, ekonomik, kültürel güçle ilgi odağı olmuştur, olmaya da devam edecektir. Bu durum yabancı dil olarak Türkçenin öğretilmesinde, dil ile birlikte değerlerin de aktarılmasına olanak sağlamaktadır. Okullarda eğitim-öğretimin en önemli ders materyalleri ders kitaplarıdır. Ders kitapları dersin öğretim programı çerçevesinde hazırlanır. Bu çalışmada 2018 Türkçe Dersi Öğretim Programı’nda yer alan kök değerlerin ve erdemler temasındaki değerlerin yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğretimini hedefleyen, 10-15 yaş grubu için Yunus Emre Enstitüsü tarafından hazırlanan Türkçe Öğreniyorum setinde ne derece aktarıldığı incelenmiştir. Yunus Emre Enstitüsü’nün hazırladığı Türkçe Öğreniyorum adlı set dört ders dört çalışma kitabından oluşmaktadır. Her bir seviye için hazırlanan ders ve çalışma kitabında altışar ünite bulunmaktadır. Araştırmada, kitap setinde her bir seviyede aktarılan değerlere, değer aktarımının ünitelere göre dağılımı bulgularına yer verilmiştir. Doküman incelemesi yöntemi ile elde edilen bulgular sayısal veriler halinde tablolara dönüştürülerek yorumlanmış ve çıkarımlarda bulunulmuştur. Araştırma sonucunda A2.2 ders kitabında en fazla değer aktarımının yapıldığı bulunmuştur. Öz denetim ve sorumluluk set içerisinde en fazla aktarılan değerlerdir.
Eğitsel Oyunların Öğrencilerin Değer Kazanımlarına Etkisi: Bir Durum Çalışması
Authors: IZGAR Gökhan
Published: December 2020

Bu araştırmanın temel amacı ilkokul öğretim programlarında yer alan adalet, dostluk, dürüstlük, sabır, sorumluluk, dayanışma, eşitlik değerleri kapsamında tasarlanan ve ders kazanımları ile doğrudan ilişkilendirilen eğitsel oyunların öğrencilerin bilişsel yapılarına etkisi ve öğretmen görüşlerine göre incelenmesidir. Nitel araştırma yönteminin kullanıldığı bu araştırma durum çalışması desenine göre tasarlanmıştır. 2019-2020 eğitim öğretim yılında bir devlet ilkokulunda öğrenim gören 2-3-4. sınıflardaki öğrenciler ve sınıf öğretmenleri bu araştırmanın çalışma grubunu oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada veri toplama araçları olarak kelime ilişkilendirme testi ve yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılmıştır. Veriler betimsel analiz tekniğine göre çözümlenmiştir. Araştırma bulgularına göre ilkokul öğretim programlarında yer alan dürüstlük, dostluk, sorumluluk, sabır, eşitlik, dayanışma, adalet değerlerini kazandırmaya yönelik tasarlanan eğitsel oyunların öğrencilerin bilişsel yapılarını genel olarak olumlu yönde etkilediği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Ayrıca öğretmen görüşlerinin analizinde tasarlanan eğitsel oyunların öğretim programlarındaki kazanımlarla ilişkili olduğu, öğrencilere değer kazanma sürecinde somut yaşantı imkânı sağladığı, öğrencilerin eğitsel oyunlara katılmada istekli oldukları ve eğlenerek oynadıkları, eğitsel oyunların oynanmasında herhangi bir zorluk yaşanmadığı sonuçlarına da ulaşılmıştır. Ancak öğretmenler bazı oyunlarda küçük düzenlemelerin yapılması gerektiğini de belirtilmişlerdir.
Optimasi Rute Kapal untuk Distribusi Spare Parts Menggunakan Vehicle Routing Problem dengan Algoritma Tabu Search
Authors: Muladi Jorge Osatti , Kristiansyah Dezzano Kevin , Febrianto Azhar , Kurniawan Adji Candra , Ruswandi Nanda , Redi A. A. N. Perwira
Published: December 2020

Penentuan rute distribusi yang baik akan berpengaruh pada efisiensi jarak tempuh suatu moda transportasi yang akan digunakan. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan optimasi rute kapal dalam mendistribusikan produk berupa spare parts yang dibutuhkan oleh 11 kilang minyak milik PHE ONWJ yang tersebar di laut utara Pulau Jawa. Spare parts yang akan didistribusikan dikategorikan menjadi 3 jenis, yaitu small, medium, dan large berdasarkan berat dari spare part tersebut. Untuk mendapatkan rute distribusi yang minimum, pada penelitian ini digunakan metode eksak dan metode metaheuristik yaitu algoritma Tabu Search. Hasil yang didapatkan berupa rata-rata jarak ditempuh dari semua periode distribusi dan semua jenis material. Hasil eksperimen menunjukkan rata-rata total jarak rute yang dikirimkan sebesar 1008,4 km untuk metode Tabu Search dan sebesar 993,1 km untuk metode eksak, menunjukkan bahwa metode Tabu Search menghasilkan solusi yang cukup baik meskipun belum mampu menghasilkan solusi optimal seperti metode eksak. Hal ini dikarenakan solusi terbaik adalah jarak distribusi terpendek yang diperlukan oleh kapal untuk memenuhi seluruh kebutuhan platform. Meskipun belum menghasilkan solusi optimal, Tabu Search dapat menghasilkan rute distribusi spare part yang cukup baik, sehingga total jarak tempuh kapal dekat dengan biaya distribusi minimum.