bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A comparative study on oil price volatility and social instability: Evidence from 1970-2014
Authors: Chen Lufan , Li Zhibin , Wang Qiheng , Wang Yixi
Published: February 2025

In this research, we studied how oil prices volatility led to economic instability and then results in societal instability. To be specific, we explored a chain reaction where the inflation volatility, indicating economic instability, is the mediator and civil unrest, indicating social instability, is the final result. Most of our research’s data are from the World Bank (Gini, GDP per capita, oil price, and inflation), while civil unrest data comes from the Urban Social Disorder 3.0 by Thomson et al. (2022). Based on those data, we found not all countries’ number of civil unrests would be affected by the change of oil price. Only for those high-income countries which have imported a lot of oil is there a significant influence of oil price change on the number of civil unrests. A 1% increase in the oil price will lead to 0.00614 more civil unrests among high-income import countries. We hope this chain reaction will be noticed in countries that could be affected and gives people a multidimensional understanding about oil price volatility.
The 2008 Subprime Mortgage Crisis in the USA
Authors: Huang Ze
Published: February 2025

The 2008 financial crisis, triggered by the collapse of the U.S. subprime mortgage market, revealed deep vulnerabilities in the global financial system. Rooted in financial deregulation, aggressive lending practices, and the subsequent housing market bubble, the crisis quickly spread across borders due to the interconnectedness of international financial institutions and markets. Today, despite regulatory reforms, the risks of financial contagion persist, heightened by advancements in financial technology, faster capital flows, and increasingly complex global financial networks. To mitigate future crises, a global approach to systemic risk management is crucial, with stronger financial transparency, coordinated international regulations, and mechanisms to manage cross-border capital shocks.
The Potential of Saffron as an Add-on in Treating Mild to Moderate Depression in Adults: A Literature Review
Authors: Sun Jiayi
Published: February 2025

Depression is one of the most prevalent mental health disorders affecting five percent of the world’s adults. Depression can cause suicide which is one of the top four causes of death for people aged 15-29 (World Health Organization, 2023). Due to its prevalence in the global population, the treatment of depression has received much attention. Despite advancements in treatment, current approaches often yield suboptimal results, with many medications associated with significant side effects. This has led to a global trend toward exploring natural therapies with stronger efficiency and fewer adverse effects. Saffron is a medicinal herbal and its extracts have emerged as a promising candidate due to its demonstrated antidepressant properties, especially in the treatment of mild to moderate depression. However, the application of saffron as a therapeutic option is complicated by its high cost, which led to issues with product authenticity (Raina et al., 2023), and concerns regarding long-term safety and tolerability. This literature review aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of saffron’s potential as a treatment for depression by critically examining the advantages and limitations of using saffron in this context, including its efficacy, safety profile, and economic viability. It will also summarize the interesting findings from former clinical trials. In short, the review seeks to assess the feasibility of incorporating saffron as an adjunctive therapy for mild to moderate depression in adults, highlighting both its potential benefits and the challenges that need to be addressed for broader clinical use.
Addressing Childhood Criminality in Low-Income Communities: the Protective Effect of Prosocial Dynamics Against Crime
Authors: Lei Tianqing
Published: February 2025

This article draws on previous psychological and criminological research to examine how prosocial dynamics within low-income families and communities can decrease childhood criminal behavior. The study is motivated by previous research into childhood criminality, which shows a strong correlation between experiences of living in a low-income community and childhood criminality and note that such correlation is often connected to abusive, antisocial, and unsafe conditions in families and communities. By drawing on research into supportive parenting styles, protective school activities, and inclusive community programs, I argue that the promotion of prosocial dynamics is protective against childhood crime, especially in low-income communities. To further support this claim, I use attachment theory–which demonstrates the impact of relationships (especially within families) on a person’s psychosocial development and behavior–to understand and explain the need for greater prosocial dynamics within families and communities. I conclude that more efforts need to be made, both on a family and community level, to encourage prosocial dynamics through one-on-one and group activities such as in-home nursing programs, mentor guidance, and afterschool workshops, in order to help reduce the risk of childhood crime.
How to Improve Investment Portfolio of ESG Companies under Constrains
Authors: Pan Jinchen , Luo Yixuan , Li Bin , Guo Yanying
Published: February 2025

This paper explores the construction of investment portfolios based on ESG (Environmental, Social, Governance) factors using Markowitz’s portfolio theory. We selected 50 companies based on MSCI ESG ratings and used 2023 stock price data to construct portfolios of various sizes (10, 30, and 50 stocks). Through Excel tools, we calculated covariance matrices, simulated stock allocations, and analyzed weekly returns for each portfolio. We optimized risk-adjusted returns and employed the Sharpe ratio to identify the optimal portfolio. Our findings demonstrate the positive impact of ESG factors on long-term portfolio stability and highlight the importance of Markowitz’s model in financial risk management. This study provides practical insights and a fresh perspective on optimizing ESG-based investment decisions in the current market environment.
Fans, Capital, and Affection: A Game of Love and Money
Authors: Li Kexin , Liu Yile
Published: February 2025

This paper explores fan culture’s emotional projection and consumption behavior among female consumers and how brands can leverage the fan economy for marketing. Taking the beauty industry as an example, the paper analyzes how celebrity endorsement can transform female fans’ affections into consumption power, pointing out that fan culture has evolved into a complex fandom economy, with capital and platforms colluding to transform fans’ affections into commercial interests. The fan economy has a special impact on women, whose purchasing decisions are often influenced by community dynamics and expectations of their idols. The emotional connection of the fan economy should be built based on rational consumption and mutual respect, especially focusing on women’s unique needs and psychological feelings, to truly realize its value and promote the diversified development of social culture.
Whether the ETS in China affects its regional Industrial GDP Increment
Authors: Mei Jiahao
Published: February 2025

Due to the intense global warming, many countries have formed their emission trading system (ETS) to limit carbon emissions. China also started its own ETS because it is believed to be the most effective system for limiting carbon emissions. In this research, I will examine the effect of the ETS on China using the difference-in-differences model, the parallel trend test, and the placebo test to ensure robustness. The result shows a negative impact on the increase in industrial production. Thus, more emissions should be allowed if industrial production needs faster growth.
China’s Dilemma Amid Economic Modernization: Retreats from Economic Modernization and Political Liberalization in the late 1990s?
Authors: Yu Tianqi (Frank)
Published: February 2025

For over two decades following the Third Plenum of 1978, China has been at the forefront of implementing a series of economic and political reforms to boost economic growth. However, the trajectory of China’s economic growth encountered unprecedented challenges from both domestic and exogenous variables. The acceleration of state-owned enterprise (SOE) reform, which began shortly after the Third Plenum and intensified as a central component of Prime Minister Zhu Rongji’s reform package following the 15th Chinese Communist Party (CCP) Congress in September 1997, led to unprecedented layoffs among SOE workers. This, in turn, triggered social unrest and posed significant threats to the stability and legitimacy of CCP’s leadership. On the external front, the post-Cold War unipolar international order and the Asian Financial Crisis of 1997 created a shifting landscape of foreign trade and more urgent national security concerns. This article examines two main questions: 1) How did the Chinese government respond to these unexpected challenges during the peak of the “opening-up and reform” period? 2) Did China’s approach to dealing with internal and external crises slow down or cause a retreat from its economic modernization and political liberalization efforts? This article argues that these challenges compelled the Chinese government to modify its economic reform measures and political control over dissidents and protestors by resorting to trade protectionism and a shift of polity toward “soft authoritarianism” to navigate and mitigate both internal and external turmoil.
Research on Low-carbon Household Consumption from the Perspective of Behavioral Economics
Authors: Lu Zhengxu
Published: February 2025

Under the current global background of climate change and the proposal of the “dual carbon” (carbon peaking and carbon neutrality) goals, achieving tangible quantification of green consumption behavior through carbon inclusiveness platforms is the inevitable path for China to build a low-carbon society. Taking Beijing’s carbon inclusiveness platform as an example, this study aims to explore the low-carbon consumption guidance mechanism under the dual carbon goals, and clarify the relationship and mechanism between the perceivability of low-carbon and low-carbon travel consumption behavior. By sorting out the framework system of the case platform and based on the attitude-behavior-situation theory and interpersonal behavior theory, this study further constructs a research model for low-carbon perceivability and low-carbon travel consumption behavior. Specifically, it takes low-carbon perceivability under the carbon inclusiveness platform as the independent variable, low-carbon travel behavior of consumers as the dependent variable, low-carbon cognition as the mediating variable, and economic incentives as the moderating variable, and proposes theoretical hypotheses for three sets of pathway relationships.
Purchasing intention of new energy vehicle consumers: A discrete choice analysis
Authors: Liu Yicheng , Zhang Zhichun
Published: February 2025

With the intensification of global environmental problems and the development of the automobile industry, new energy vehicles have gradually been praised by many governments in the world. With the promotion of the Chinese government in the upstream and downstream of the new energy vehicle industry, the sales volume of new energy vehicles in the Chinese market increased by 32% in the first half of 2024. Many previous studies were based on analyzing questionnaires from regional censuses, which deviated greatly from the actual purchase. To make up for the lack of this field, this paper constructs a linear regression model, a logit regression model, and a discrete choice model based on the sales data of new energy vehicles in the first half of 2024 and the parameters of nearly 80 popular models in the Chinese market (e.g., endurance, maximum speed, charging time). Research objectives: To explore the willingness of leading consumers to purchase new energy vehicles, to distinguish the popular new energy vehicle models in the Chinese market according to RMB 300,000 and power modes, and to analyze the consumer willingness in different situations in detail. In order to improve the stability of the data, the study merged 80 data points, removed outliers based on the standard squared difference of sales volume, and added brand information and the market share of each car as variables. After these adjustments, regression analysis was conducted again, and it was found that the positive correlation between the existing variables and sales volume reached 81.64%, and the adjusted R-squared value was also within the normal range of 53.8%, indicating that these factors can explain the changes in sales volume of 53.8%.
Tecnológicas digitales en la educación jurídica. Revisión de la literatura
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Moncada Estrada Martín , Zaldívar Colado Aníbal ,   Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Lavin Zatarain Sergio ,   Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Bernal Díaz Marco Antonio ,   Universidad Autónoma de Occidente
Published: February 2025

Durante las últimas siete décadas, ha habido un impresionante y rápido desarrollo en el sector de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC); lo cual hace obvia la importancia de las tendencias emergentes en las TIC (big data, ciencia de datos, inteligencia artificial, Internet de las cosas [IoT], blockchain, entre otros) que podrían brindar oportunidades en el sector educativo. Dada la importancia del tema, sorprendentemente, hay pocos estudios que analizan el uso o influencia de las TIC en la enseñanza jurídica y, a menudo (estas publicaciones), se caracterizan por la falta de profundidad en el nivel de investigación, un alcance limitado que deja de lado las crecientes tendencias de las TIC y una subestimación de su implementación en la escuela porque se omiten aspectos significativos. Las TIC se pueden utilizar para apoyar el contenido escolar, el proceso académico, así como la organización y administración de la educación. El uso de las TIC en la enseñanza a menudo se denomina aprendizaje electrónico: uso de nuevas tecnologías en línea para mejorar la calidad del aprendizaje al permitir el acceso a servicios y el intercambio a distancia.
La Universidad Intercultural como espacio de resignificación identitaria de la mujer indígena
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma Indígena de México, Romero Acosta Dolores Imelda , Delgado Morales Juan Antonio ,   Universidad Autónoma Indígena de México
Published: February 2025

Hablar de la educación del pueblo originario o de la mujer indígena por lo general casi siempre se refiriere a estudiantes de procedencia cultural, limitados recursos económicos, marginación, lengua nativa, aspectos y prácticas culturales bien determinadas según características biológicas y posicionamientos en la sociedad para hombres y mujeres y de bajo nivel académico.
En lo educativo, numerosas investigaciones realizadas en México desde la época de los setenta siguen destacando temas que continúan colocando a la mujer indígena en términos de vulnerabilidad, menor jerarquía, desvalorización, desigualdad, homogeneización, imposición, discriminación, abuso sexual y las limitadas oportunidades de acceso y permanencia que enfrenta la población indígena a la hora de ingresar a la universidad.
Construyendo nuevos horizontes, una educación desde sur
Authors:   Universidad Autonoma Indigena de Mexico, García Pérez Juan José , Romero Leyva Francisco Antonio ,   Universidad Autonoma Indigena de Mexico, López Félix Gabriela ,   Universidad Autonoma Indigena de Mexico
Published: February 2025

La educación ha sido históricamente uno de los pilares fundamentales para el desarrollo de las sociedades. En la actualidad, con un mundo cada vez más interconectado, se ha vuelto indispensable contar con sistemas educativos que promuevan la justicia social, la equidad y la inclusión. Sin embargo, este ideal se enfrenta a desafíos profundos, especialmente en los países del Sur global, donde los modelos educativos dominantes suelen ser importados desde contextos ajenos y carecen de un enfoque culturalmente contextualizado y auténtico. Estos modelos, ampliamente influenciados por las perspectivas del Norte global, imponen estructuras y valores que frecuentemente ignoran o desvalorizan las cosmovisiones y conocimientos de las comunidades originarias.
Preserving Kairos: a research agenda for productive struggle
Authors: Collares Carlos Fernando
Published: February 2025

In this short commentary the author explores the concept of productive struggle in medical education, proposing a shift from narrow discussions of task difficulty calibration toward a broader understanding of meaningful engagement with challenges. The author contrasts two temporal frameworks—Kronos (rigid, standardized timing) and Kairos (opportune moments for meaningful learning)—arguing that current educational systems overprivilege the former at the expense of the latter. Drawing from experiences with computerized adaptive testing and authentic learning activities, the author raises concerns about how artificial intelligence might further diminish opportunities for productive cognitive effort. A research agenda is proposed focusing on three areas: the role of professional authenticity in challenge perception, balancing adaptive support with cognitive effort, and examining how technology influences metacognitive regulation. The commentary calls for collaborative research to ensure medical education cultivates resilient professionals through experiences where effort, challenge, and professional identity converge meaningfully, rather than merely optimizing for efficiency.
Faktor Penyebab Pekerja Tidak Paham Dana Pensiun, Pentingnya Edukasi dan Digitalisasi Industri Dana Pensiun di Indonesia
Authors: Yunus Syarifudin
Published: February 2025

Many workers do not understand the importance of retirement funds. This research aims to describe data and information on workers' understanding in Jakarta about pension funds. The instruments used include questionnaires and content analysis. It can be concluded that 89% of workers do not have pension funds and only 11% of workers have pension funds. There are 80% of workers who do not rely on pension funds from their place of work, only 20% of workers hope to receive pension funds from their place of work. This condition can be caused by 1) ignorance about pension funds due to lack of education, 2) unavailability of funds to participate in pension funds, or 3) unavailability of access to purchase pension funds. There is the potential for pension funds to be developed targeting individual workers (not solely because of the company). To be able to increase participation in pension funds among workers, two important factors must be improved, namely 1) continuous education and 2) availability of digital access to have pension funds.
Root Plasticity of Selected Corn (Zea mays L.) Varieties Grown for Food and Forage in Response to Fertigroe®-N and Urea
Authors:   Philippine Genome Center-Program for Agriculture, Livestock, Forestry, and Fisheries, Office of the Vice Chancellor for Research and Extension, University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna, Apostol Vanica , Aguilar Edna ,   Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Food Science, University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna, Corpuz Lilia ,   Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Food Science, University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna, Edano Ma. Lourdes ,   Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Food Science, University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna, Laude Tonette ,   Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Food Science, University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna, Ocampo Eureka Teresa ,   Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Food Science, University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna
Published: February 2025

Root plasticity, the capacity of a corn root system to modify its growth and development in response to varying environmental conditions, is a crucial adaptability trait for optimizing water and nutrient uptake, especially in challenging environments. Understanding root plasticity provides insights into the pattern basis of crop adaptation, contributing to the development of improved corn varieties and agricultural practices that optimize the production of both ear shoots and forage. This study assessed root traits and other morphological-physiological responses of three corn varieties (NK 8840, IPB Var 6, and Pearl Sweet) grown for food (ear shoots) and forage (baby corn fodder) to FertiGroe®-N and urea fertilizers. The experiment used a two-factor randomized block design with three replications, conducted from August 2021 to February 2022 in Tiaong, Quezon, Philippines using PVC tubes filled with 20 kg of soil. Results revealed that FertiGroe®-N significantly increased root weight, length, volume, and diameter compared to urea, particularly at two to three days after silking (R1) stage. This enhanced root growth translated into improved shoot growth, Soil and Plant Analysis Development (SPAD) chlorophyll values, total dry matter (TDM), and both ear shoot and forage yield. Root length (0.91) and weight (0.89) showed strong positive correlations with ear shoot and forage yield, respectively. Similarly, plant height (0.98) and root weight (0.97) exhibited high correlations with their respective yields, while TDM demonstrated significant correlations with both ear shoot (0.99) and forage yield (0.97). These findings imply that applying FertiGroe®-N at a rate of 160 kg N effectively enhances root traits and consequently improves ear shoot and forage yields.
The biomechanical and physiological strategies of for preventing leg cramps in adolescent swimmers
Authors: Huang Jianwu , Yang Jun
Published: February 2025

Leg cramps are a important topics amongst young swimmers during practices and competitions regarding their performance and general health. This study investigates the physiological and biomechanical factors contributing to leg cramps, with a focus on electrolyte imbalance, dehydration, muscle fatigue, and improper swimming mechanics. Biomechanical analysis highlights the role of repetitive muscle movements, poor posture, and inefficient technique in increasing cramp susceptibility. Physiological factors such as deficiencies in magnesium, potassium, and sodium, coupled with dehydration, exacerbate muscle dysfunction. The study proposes preventive strategies grounded in biomechanical and physiological principles, including optimized nutritional intake, enhanced warm-up routines, targeted stretching exercises, and technique modifications to reduce muscle strain. Additionally, lifestyle adjustments such as improved sleep and hydration practices are recommended. This work identifies key preventive measures, discusses limitations, and suggests future research directions to enhance the performance and well-being of adolescent swimmers. In addition to the original research, this study also focuses on the prevention and methods of leg cramps in adolescent swimming.
Role of Restorative Justice in Strengthening Social Ties and Reducing E- Crime using Social Bond Theory (SBT) and Re-integrative Shaming Theory (RST)
Authors: Shari Munahi Bin Khanthl Bin
Published: February 2025

Restorative justice has emerged as a powerful framework within the criminal justice system, offering innovative solutions to strengthen the social relations among individuals and decrease e-crimes. This study aims to explore the impact of restorative justice on building trust between individuals in society and how restorative justice contributes to strengthening social ties. Moreover, the study intends to analyze the psychological and social effects of restorative justice on victims and perpetrators. The study adopted an analytical and descriptive design. The researcher first of all analyzed the previous studies on restorative justice and crime reduction. This helped reach at a deep dimension of the current study topic. Additionally, case studies were revised and examined to enrich the study with examples of successful restorative justice programs. Given the complexity and variety of crime, as well as the limitations of punishment-focused court systems, studying the role of restorative justice in reducing crime and strengthening social ties presents a significant challenge. Despite advancements in understanding the drivers of criminal behavior, many traditional legal systems fail to address the root causes of crime or help offenders change, relying instead on punishment as a deterrent. Most of these groups, ranging from the police to the politicians and locals, also lack what they need to implement the restorative methods that remain. This general lack of knowledge and experience is leading to opportunities being missed in using restorative approaches to lower crime and build better communities. In fact, if restorative justice systems are to succeed and realize their goals, this will be made possible only through major initiatives of education and the acceptance of these frameworks. Cultural differences and varied views on justice can slow down the adoption of restorative methods.
Extension Design on the Production of Vegetable Pesticide from Belt Leaves in Controlling Aphids on Red Chilli in Kayukebek Village Pasuruan
Authors: Jumadin Jumadin , Gunawan Gunawan , Navitasari Lisa
Published: February 2025

Kayukebek Village is one of the villages that has the potential for agricultural development in horticultural crop commodities, especially red chilies due to high market demand and quite good agricultural productivity, namely around 8.42 tons/Ha. However, the obstacle often faced by farmers is the attack of aphids on red chili plants, resulting in a decrease in production. The aim of this research is to design an extension design and analyze the increase in farmers' knowledge, attitudes and skills regarding the use of botanical pesticides in controlling aphids. The research was conducted from January to May 2024. The research method used was the Level III action research method with the stages followed, namely planning, action, observation and reflection. The results of observation and reflection show that extension is able to increase farmers' knowledge by 44%, from the pre-test value of 47%, it increases to 91% in the post-test value with a percentage of extension effectiveness of 82% and is in the effective category. Meanwhile, in the attitude aspect, the percentage is 87%, and in the skills aspect it is 93%, which can be categorized as a very high score. These results show that the extension design implemented has proven to be effective in changing farmers' behavior both in increasing knowledge and determining attitudes as well as developing farmers' skills in making vegetable pesticides to control aphids on red chili plants.
The Herepath Project: Deep mapping and hedge-springing during lockdown
Authors: Manwaring Kevan
Published: February 2025

Moving to the Marlborough Downs on the edge of the UNESCO World Heritage Site of Avebury in late 2019 (an area I have been exploring since the late `80s), I decided to map my new locality through poetry and art – connecting nodes of significance to create a personal Wiltshire ‘songline’: The Herepath Project. As the 2020 lockdown kicked in, the concept of ‘deep mapping’ (Nan Shepherd) my local universe gained increasing poignancy. In the form of a literary de´rive – charting zones of ambience and influence as I range metaphorically across the Downs – this article will consider different forms of creative mapping, including the ‘Counter-Mapping’ of the Zuni Map Art Project; and the ‘song-walking’ of Dr Elizabeth Bennett (Essex University); as well initiatives which ‘hack’ the hegemonic discourses of the countryside, such a Black Girls Hike, the Colonial Countryside project, and Slow Ways, and other acts of creative resistance (Rebecca Solnit; Nick Hayes). Examples from the poetry pamphlet produced will be shared, along with the odd field sketch. A technique of ‘writing the land’ will be fashioned, combining repurposed elements of Debord’s psychogeographical ‘de´rive’, Richard Long’s ‘Land Art’, and Buddhist ‘jongrom’. Drawing inspiration from the biodiversity of the Downs a non-anthropocentric perspectival shift will be advocated for deconstructing the conventional human-centred cartographies of property demarcation, ontological discreteness, and hierarchical layering.
Being Kind to Myself: Developing a Compassionate Writing Practice
Authors: Foster Helen
Published: February 2025

This paper considers the benefits of applying a compassionate approach to the practice of writing. Compassion is seen through the lens of mindfulness and the paper considers its definitions, origins as a Buddhist practice and its practical applications in the West. A review of the literature synthesizes approaches from the fields of mindfulness studies, psychology, creative writing and therapeutic writing. The paper considers the inner critic as an obstacle to writing and goes on to consider the benefits of seeking safe and compassionate space, both tangible and imagined, in which to write. As a writer, tutor and workshop facilitator, I draw on my auto- ethnographic research of compassionate meditation by sharing reflections from my journals.
A Human Rights Handbook for Judges and Lawyers
Authors: Ramcharan Bertrand
Published: February 2025

The Human Rights Handbook for Judges and Lawyers explores the challenges judges and lawyers face in working for just, peaceful and inclusive societies worldwide. It offers foundational insights from the international human rights community as practical tools to meet them.
Health Care Seeking Behavior: Factors for The Utilization of Indigenous Medical Treatment in District Sheikhupura
Authors: Miss. Noor Ul Ain Shouq  , Mr. Faheem Abbas  , Dr. Asma Islam*
Published: February 2025

The current study was conducted in the area of medical sociology. This study's primary goal was to determine the prevalence of different health attitudes and how those beliefs affected the usage of healthcare services. The role of family on its members to choose Indigenous medical treatment and the effect of Socio-economic status in the utilization of Indigenous medical treatment are the research questions formulated for the present research. The study was conducted within the framework of Talcott Parsons theory of Doctor Patient Relationship. The sample of the present study consisted of 10 married and 10 unmarried female respondents of Mohallah Dar Ul Islam in Farooqabad and 10 married and 10 unmarried female respondents from Mohallah Siddique Haidery in Farooqabad district Sheikhupura which is a rural area. The sample of these 40 respondents was drawn through convenient sampling procedure. The interview was conducted for data collection. Interviews with survey participants yielded personal data and information about their responses to health and medical services. The ensuing data was then examined to ascertain the variables influencing medical services and health-related behaviors in the research regions. Variables such, Gender, Education, Income and Family backgrounds took into consideration in the present research. Thematic analysis showed mix responses. Indigenous medical ideas and their utilization have been supported by a number of factors, including the negative impacts of allopathic medicine, the beliefs of one's forefathers, low socioeconomic level, social distance from modern medical professionals, and a strong link with indigenous caregivers. The term used for Indigenous care provider was as traditional healer and indigenous practitioner whereas, for the modern care provider, the terms as medical doctors, medical professional and surgeon were used. It was concluded that rural people strongly depend on indigenous medical treatment due to their concrete beliefs, lack of education, lack of allocation of modern medical resources in their area, poor socio-economic status and the fulfillment of expectations to high regard from indigenous treatment that resultantly leads to low utilization of modern medical treatment.
Key Words: Healthcare services, Behaviour, Sheikhupura, Patients, Medical Sociology, Medical Treatment, Attitude, Therapy,
The Qur’anic Approach to Self Purififaction (Tazkiyah e Nafs): A Research Based Study
Authors: Dr. Hafiz Atif Iqbal  , Dr. Muhammad Akram Hureri  , Abdur Rehman  , Qari Awais Idrees Al-Asim
Published: February 2025

'Tazkiyah' is a word from Arabic expressing the development and purification of anything to the extent of perfection. As a metaphor from the Qur'an, it explains how to get rid oneself of bad habits and dispositions, as well as how to become pious and help our souls grow into being as perfect as is humanly possible.  In other words, the primary objective of tazkiyah is for man to purify himself in order to get ready for his return to his "original home" and "final dwelling," Paradise. The Quran contains revelations from Allah Ta'ala: "By the soul and the proportion and order provided to it; and its enlightenment as to its wrong and good; indeed, he succeeds who cleanses it and fails who corrupts it!" [Quran 91:7-10]. The purification (tazkiyah) of 'Nafs' in regard to God Almighty and the universe is the central tenet of Islam. One of the most essential responsibilities of the Holy Prophet (SAW) as stated in the Glorious Quran is to cleanse people from spiritual diseases and moral bankruptcy. "We have sent among you a Messenger of your own, rehearsing to you Our signs, purifying you, and instructing you in Scripture and Wisdom and profound knowledge," (Baqarah, 2:151). The spiritual sustenance that the soul needs to maintain and strengthen the attributes that are innately divine is provided. Three types of guidance for the purification of the human soul are described by the Holy Qur'an. 1. The believers are purified by Allah Almighty. 2. The Prophets are tasked by Almighty Allah with purging the believers. 3. Instructions are given to the followers by Allah Almighty on how to cleanse themselves by doing what Allah says. So that his followers to gain prosperity both here on earth and in the hereafter, and to become his chosen servants by virtue of their kindness, fear of God, and moral qualities. In actuality, this teaching is the Holy Quran's "Tazkiyah Nafs" methodology. This article will describe the selected verses from the Holy Quran to illustrate all of Allah's instructions, methods, and strategies for self-purification.
Keywords: Tazkiyah; Metaphor; Bankruptcy; Innately; Self-purification
Weryfikacja skryptu VarianESAPI-EQD2 Converter w praktyce klinicznej
Authors:   Wojewódzkie Wielospecjalistyczne Centrum Onkologii i Traumatologii im. M. Kopernika, Zakład Planowania Radioterapii, ul. Pabianicka 62, Gnacek Patrycja , Peszyńska-Piorun Magdalena ,   Wojewódzkie Wielospecjalistyczne Centrum Onkologii i Traumatologii im. M. Kopernika, Zakład Planowania Radioterapii, ul. Pabianicka 62, Mężeński Piotr ,   Wojewódzkie Wielospecjalistyczne Centrum Onkologii i Traumatologii im. M. Kopernika, Zakład Planowania Radioterapii, ul. Pabianicka 62, Janiak Przemysław ,   Wojewódzkie Wielospecjalistyczne Centrum Onkologii i Traumatologii im. M. Kopernika, Zakład Planowania Radioterapii, ul. Pabianicka 62
Published: February 2025

Celem niniejszej pracy jest ocena funkcjonalności skryptu VarianESAPI-EQD2Converter, zaprojektowanego w celu konwersji rozkładów dawek nominalnych na wartości 2 Gy dawki frakcyjnej EQD2. Informację o dawce EQD2 przeliczoną za pomocą skryptu można wykorzystać podczas przygotowywania i analizy radioterapeutycznego planu leczenia. W pierwszej części przeprowadzono analizę działania skryptu na danych uzyskanych w grupie 25 pacjentów z glejakiem wielopostaciowym, leczonych w WWCOiT im. M. Kopernika w Łodzi, w schemacie radioterapii konwencjonalnej (dawka frakcyjna 2 Gy do dawki całkowitej 60 Gy). Oceniono dawkę dla trzech narządów krytycznych: pnia mózgu, soczewki oka oraz ucha wewnętrznego, które nie posiadają części wspólnej z obszarem tarczowym. Dla każdej z tych struktur wybrano trzy różne wartości α/β na podstawie dostępnych danych literaturowych. Porównano ze sobą dawki z oryginalnego planu terapeutycznego, dawki wyliczone niezależnie przy użyciu wzoru na EQD2 oraz dawki obliczone za pomocą skryptu. Wyniki wykazały różnice w zależności od zastosowanych wartości α/β (dla ucha wewnętrznego σ: 0,36–0,45 Gy, dla pnia mózgu σ: 0,50–0,67 Gy, dla soczewki oka σ: 0,21–0,52 Gy). Wysokie wartości α/β skutkowały mniejszymi różnicami pomiędzy wartościami EQD2 uzyskanymi różnymi metodami obliczeniowymi. W drugiej części dokonano porównania obliczeń EQD2 za pomocą skryptu dla struktur, które posiadają część wspólną z obszarem tarczowym. Analiza przeprowadzona została na grupie 15 pacjentów z nowotworem gruczołu krokowego (70,2 Gy w 27 frakcjach). Sprawdzono działanie skryptu w dwóch trybach „ascending” oraz „descending”. Wyniki wskazują, że metoda „ascending” zapewnia większą zgodność z niezależnymi obliczeniami, co czyni ją bardziej odpowiednią. Skrypt VarianESAPI-EQD2Converter stanowi wartościowe narzędzie w codziennej praktyce klinicznej. Różnice obserwowane w wynikach można wytłumaczyć m.in. różnicami w algorytmach przetwarzania danych pomiędzy planem terapeutycznym a skryptem.
Dy dorëshkrime të panjohura të fjalorit turqisht-shqip “Dürre-i Manzûme”
Authors: Aveberk Güler Doğan
Published: February 2025

Ky artikull prezanton dhe analizon dy dorëshkrime të rralla të fjalorit Dürre-i Manzûme, duke hedhur dritë mbi zhvillimin e leksikografisë shqipe gjatë periudhës osmane. Studimi thekson rëndësinë e këtyre burimeve si dëshmi e pasurisë gjuhësore dhe kulturore të ruajtur përmes fjalorëve dygjuhësh.
Analiza e strukturave usûl dhe makam të këngëve popullore turke të mbledhura në Kosovë duke përdorur qasjen ‘Melodic Nucleus’
Authors: Fışkın Ümit
Published: February 2025

Ky studim analizon strukturat ritmike dhe melodike të këngëve popullore turke të mbledhura në Kosovë, duke përdorur metodën ‘Melodic Nucleus’. Ümit Fışkın argumenton se këto këngë ruajnë elemente të veçanta të traditës osmane dhe janë një dëshmi e ndikimeve muzikore rajonale.
Arolda Elbasani & Olivier Roy (2015), eds. The Revival of Islam in the Balkans: From Identity to Religiosity. New York and Basingstoke: Palgrave MacMillan
Authors: Myftari Kledian
Published: February 2025

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Peran Anggaran dan Efektivitasnya Dalam Pengendalian Manajemen Pada UMKM
Authors: Kurniawan Dody
Published: February 2025

This research examines the role of budgets in increasing the effectiveness of management control in Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). MSMEs are the backbone of the Indonesian economy, making a significant contribution to Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and employment. However, many MSMEs face challenges in effective budget management. This research uses a library study method by collecting data in the form of books, journals and internet articles related to the topic in this research. This research found that the budgeting process consisting of formulation, adoption, implementation and control is very important in the financial management of MSMEs. Obstacles in budgeting in Indonesia include sectoral budget allocation without careful planning and sub-optimal budget management. An efficient and participatory budgeting process can significantly improve the performance of MSMEs. With good budget management, MSMEs can ensure appropriate resource allocation, reduce risks, and achieve strategic goals. This study confirms the importance of budgeting as an essential management tool for organizational success.
Pengaruh Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja (K3), Lingkungan Kerja dan Budaya Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Pada PT Mega Kargo Logistik
Authors: Putri Maharani Srirahayu , Fauzi Achmad , Wahyu Setyawati Novita
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis Pengaruh Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja (K3), lingkungan kerja, dan budaya kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan di PT Mega Kargo Logistik. Penilitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode sampel yang digunakan oleh peneliti yakni metode (non probability) dengan teknik sampling jenuh, penelitian ini mengambil seluruh populasi dari 4 titik lokasi PT Mega Kargo Logistik sebagai sampel yang berjumlah 170 karyawan yang berasal dari cabang Jakarta, Bekasi, Surabaya, dan Medan. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner, dan pengujian hipotesis dilakukan menggunakan uji bootstrapping pada aplikasi SmartPLS 4.0. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa K3, lingkungan kerja, dan budaya kerja berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan. Hal ini menegaskan pentingnya penerapan K3 yang efektif, lingkungan kerja yang nyaman, dan budaya kerja berbasis integritas, profesionalisme, inovasi, serta komunikasi. Penelitian diharapkan dapat memberikan masukan terhadap perusahaan agar lebih memperhatikan kesejahteraan karyawan dengan meningkatkan program K3, menciptakan lingkungan kerja kondusif, serta memperkuat budaya kerja. Keterbatasan penelitian ini yakni cakupan objek pada PT Mega Kargo Logistik. Peneliti berikutnya disarankan memperluas penelitian terhadap sektor lain. Kebaruan penelitian ini terletak pada kombinasi variabel K3, lingkungan kerja, dan budaya kerja guna mengukur kinerja karyawan dalam industri logistik.
EVOLUÇÃO DA MORTALIDADE POR DOENÇAS DO APARELHO CIRCULATÓRIO E NEOPLASIAS NO DISTRITO FEDERAL (2010-2019): PADRÕES DEMOGRÁFICOS, IMPACTOS CIRÚRGICOS E DESAFIOS PARA O SUS
Authors: Santos Karoliny Alves , Mendes Kathiane Magalhães
Published: February 2025

RESUMO: As Doenças Crônicas Não Transmissíveis (DCNTs), especialmente as Doenças do Aparelho Circulatório (DAC) e neoplasias, são as principais causas de mortalidade no Brasil. Este estudo analisa o perfil de mortalidade por essas doenças no Distrito Federal entre 2010 e 2019, considerando sexo, faixa etária e raça. Método: Estudo descritivo e transversal, utilizando dados do DATASUS. Foram analisadas taxas de mortalidade por DAC e neoplasias segundo a CID-10, com estatística descritiva para apresentação dos resultados. Objetivos: Avaliar a tendência da mortalidade por DAC e neoplasias no Distrito Federal, identificando padrões segundo variáveis demográficas e discutir os custos cirúrgicos dessas doenças e seu impacto na gestão hospitalar. Resultados: Registraram-se 13.359 óbitos por DAC e 8.688 por neoplasias. As DAC permaneceram como principal causa de morte, mas a mortalidade por neoplasias apresentou tendência crescente. A mortalidade prematura foi maior em neoplasias (64,3%) do que em DAC (49%). Foram observadas disparidades raciais na mortalidade, evidenciando desigualdade no acesso à saúde. Além disso, os custos cirúrgicos para essas doenças impactam significativamente a sustentabilidade do SUS, exigindo maior planejamento e investimentos. Conclusão: Os achados indicam transição epidemiológica, com aumento da mortalidade por neoplasias. Destaca-se a necessidade de políticas públicas para equidade no acesso à saúde, otimização dos centros cirúrgicos e implementação de estratégias preventivas para reduzir essas mortes e minimizar os impactos financeiros no sistema público de saúde.
TRATAMENTO DE OBESIDADE COM USO DE SEMAGLUTIDA: UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: Souza Neto Wilson , Carballal Isabela Silveira de Oliveira
Published: February 2025

Semaglutide is a human analogue of GLP-1 currently under development for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, with a structure similar to liraglutide and was recently approved for chronic weight control. Given the above, this study aimed to highlight the role of semaglutide in the treatment of obesity, along with its benefits and, on the other hand, consider possible side effects that may impact the decision to include this drug in the patient’s treatment. A systematic literature review was carried out through consultation in the LILCAS and PUBMED databases, totaling 11 articles for discussion. The research analyzed demonstrated that semaglutide is a very promising drug, especially for patients suffering from complications of obesity, since this drug stands out for its pleiotropic effects, of which the most desired are the reduction of glucose levels and weight loss. Although semaglutide has some side effects, the best known are those of the gastrointestinal system, such as nausea, vomiting, and constipation. It is concluded that the magnitude of weight loss reported by the selected studies offers the potential for clinically relevant improvement for individuals with obesity-related diseases.
INFLUÊNCIAS DA PSICANÁLISE DE FREUD NO TRABALHO DE NISE DA SILVEIRA
Authors: Ferreira Camy Vieira de Alcantara Pereira
Published: February 2025

O presente artigo aborda a influência da psicanálise no trabalho desenvolvido por Nise da Silveira na psiquiatria brasileira. Para tanto, parte-se da análise do contexto histórico da psicanálise e sua introdução no Brasil, bem como da trajetória de Nise da Silveira e sua abordagem diferenciada no tratamento de transtornos mentais. A pesquisa busca compreender de que maneira os conceitos psicanalíticos contribuíram para sua prática clínica e teórica, especialmente no uso da arte como expressão do inconsciente e na humanização do tratamento psiquiátrico. O estudo é baseado em uma revisão de literatura, abrangendo publicações entre os anos de 1980 e 2024, com fontes extraídas da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) e da SciELO. Observou-se que, embora Nise da Silveira tenha se distanciado de alguns princípios clássicos da psicanálise, sua abordagem foi amplamente influenciada pela concepção do inconsciente e pelo reconhecimento das expressões simbólicas como fundamentais na compreensão da subjetividade dos pacientes. Conclui-se que a psicanálise teve um papel essencial na construção de uma nova perspectiva dentro da psiquiatria brasileira, possibilitando práticas mais humanizadas e inovadoras. Assim, o estudo evidencia a relevância da psicanálise no desenvolvimento de novas abordagens terapêuticas e reforça a necessidade de pesquisas contínuas sobre a interface entre psicanálise e psiquiatria no Brasil.
A FORMAÇÃO CONTINUADA PARA PROFESSORES DA EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL
Authors: Rodrigues Marilis Valente , Bastos Jaqueline Mendes
Published: February 2025

Este artigo apresenta fundamentos a respeito da importância que a educação continuada tem para o aprimoramento dos professores da educação infantil no município de Cametá. Tem como objetivo analisar a formação continuada para educadores da educação infantil. A metodologia fundamentou-se na abordagem qualitativa através de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. Os resultados mostram que a formação inicial não tem sido suficiente para determinar um bom profissional docente, este carece de uma formação continuada a fim de garantir uma boa qualidade no processo ensino aprendizagem dos alunos, neste caso alunos da educação infantil.