bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
D’un service transversal prestataire de services à une UFR décisionnaire de la politique des langues : exemple concret de la structuration d’une UFR Lansad à l'université de Lorraine et de ses impacts en termes de recherche et formations
Authors: Molle Nicolas , Paris Justine , Martin Carine
Published: April 2019

Comme de nombreux articles le soulignent, il n’y pas de politique des langues réellement concertée dans le secteur des Langues pour spécialistes d’autres disciplines (Lansad, Braud et al. ; Brudermann et al. ; Commission Formations de la SAES ; Petit). Ce secteur revêt une multitude de formes et de structures disparates au sein des établissements français, entraînant un manque de reconnaissance institutionnelle. Depuis 2014, l’université de Lorraine s’attache à y remédier à travers son unité de formation et de recherche Lansad (UFR Lansad) – fruit d’une expertise didactique qui a su convaincre les instances politiques de l’université. Cette UFR est aujourd’hui un décideur majeur de la politique de l’enseignement des langues de son université. Cet article s’attache à montrer comment ce modèle a créé un essaimage de formations innovantes inspirées par les travaux de l’équipe de recherche Didactique des Langues et Sociolinguistique (Crapel) et comment sa reconnaissance témoigne de la nécessité de favoriser un lien fort entre recherche et formations.
Conception d’un dispositif hybride au service de la conscience phonético-phonologique
Authors: Bardol Frank
Published: April 2019

Cet article interroge les conditions à réunir pour concevoir un dispositif qui vise à développer la compétence phonologique d’étudiant.e.s, dans un parcours de langues pour spécialistes d’autres disciplines (Lansad). En tant qu’enseignant-concepteur, notre objectif principal est d’amener les étudiant.e.s à prendre conscience du système phonologique de l’anglais afin de produire un message intelligible. Nous tentons de les aider à construire cette compétence en l’intégrant dans un projet pédagogique cohérent. Il est question de didactique de la phonologie, d’approche par les tâches, de travail en groupe et de dispositifs hybrides centrés sur l’apprentissage. Les divers paramètres du système d’hybridation sont analysés afin de favoriser l’autonomie langagière des étudiant.e.s.
Diversity in Creative Writing Workshops: the Case of Undergraduates studying English as a Foreign Language
Authors: Bouhmid Alison
Published: April 2019

In the context of an emergent pedagogy of creative writing, this article aims to present our English Foreign Language (EFL) creative writing workshops for second-year undergraduate specialists in other disciplines (LANSOD). Diversity, whether it be in terms of student needs, levels, specialist subjects or experiences is an inherent part of many LANSOD courses, and our course is no exception. This article will show our attempts to harness the potential creative energy of this diversity in order to enable our students to express themselves in written form, in a personal, perhaps even original manner. Our work on collocations, error treatment and feedback provided to and by students during the writing workshops will be presented in more detail, as will the effects of encouraging students to adopt a more reflexive stance to language learning.
Secure Deduplication Scheme for Cloud Encrypted Data
Authors: Passricha Vishal , Chopra Ashish , Singhal Shubhanshi
Published: April 2019

Cloud storage (CS) is gaining much popularity nowadays because it offers low-cost and convenient network storage services. In this big data era, the explosive growth in digital data moves the users towards CS but this causes a lot of storage pressure on CS systems because a large volume of this data is redundant. Data deduplication is an effective data reduction technique. The dynamic nature of data makes security and ownership of data as a very important issue. Proof-of-ownership schemes are a robust way to check the ownership claimed by any owner. However, this method affects the deduplication process because encryption methods have varying characteristics. A convergent encryption (CE) scheme is widely used for secure data deduplication. The problem with the CE-based scheme is that the user can decrypt the cloud data while he has lost his ownership. This article addresses the problem of ownership revocation by proposing a secure deduplication scheme for encrypted data. The proposed scheme enhances the security against unauthorized encryption and poison attack on the predicted set of data.
Technological Assessment in Machining of CuSn10-C Powder Parts
Authors: Mironovs Viktors , Stankevics Pavels , Lungevics Janis , Lignickis Gunars
Published: April 2019

The main objective of this paper was to investigate machinability and technological assessment of powder metallurgy (PM) parts, especially bushings made by PM process. The bushings are made of CuSn10-C powder. Machining of the PM bushings was performed under various technological parameters, such as a cutting speed, a depth of cut and a feed. The main objective was to achieve or improve surface roughness (Sa – 0.3 to 0.6 μm) of machined bushing. Surface roughness is one of the main parameters, in result of which satisfactory performance of the bushing is achieved. The values of technological parameters were changed starting from the suggested technological parameters by a tool manufacturer and were further modified on step-by-step basis by evaluation of surface roughness of each machined PM bushing. Moreover, for evaluation and characterization of surface roughness not only 2D profile roughness measurements were used, but also 3D surface roughness measurement methodologies were used additionally allowing to investigate correlation between these two types measurement techniques. The results showed that technological assessment might be achieved in several ways not only by one best result.
Estimation of Service Life of Mechanical Engineering Components
Authors: Linins Oskars , Jansons Ernests , Leitans Armands , Boiko Irina , Lungevics Janis
Published: April 2019

The paper is aimed to the methodology for estimation of service life of mechanical engineering components in the case of elastic-plastic contact of surfaces.
Well-known calculation methods depending on physics, theory of probability, the analysis of friction pair’ shape and fit include a number of parameters that are difficult or even impossible to be technologically controlled in the manufacturing of mechanical engineering components.
The new approach for wear rate estimation using surface texture parameters as well as physical-mechanical properties and geometric parameters of components is proposed. The theoretical part of the calculations is based on the 3D surface texture principles, the basics of material fatigue theory, the theory of elasticity and the contact mechanics of surfaces. It is possible to calculate the service time of the machine, but the process of running-in of the components is relatively short (less than 5%), therefore, the service time is mainly determined by a normal operating period, which also was used to evaluate this period. The calculated input parameters are technologically and metrologically available and new method for calculating the service time can be used in the design process of the equipment. The results of approbation of the method for estimation service time of mechanical engineering, which prove the applicability of mentioned method, are offered as well.
Meningiomas with collagenous rosettes: A report of three cases
Authors: Vaidya Mihir , Shenoy Asha , Goel Naina
Published: April 2019

Formation of rosettes is very rarely encountered in meningiomas. The 2016 WHO classification of central nervous system tumors mentions it as a rare pattern secondarily encountered in different variants. We report three cases of meningiomas forming collagenous rosettes. Case 1 was a 60-year-old male with a right frontoparietal mass lesion. Excisional biopsy showed features of atypical meningioma (WHO Grade II) with diffusely scattered collagenous rosettes. Case 2 was a 48-year-old male with right frontoparietal space-occupying lesion. Microscopy revealed a papillary variant of meningioma (WHO Grade III) with prominent diffusely scattered collagenous rosettes. Case 3 was a 75-year-old female with left parietal convexity tumor. Microscopy revealed a clear-cell meningioma (WHO Grade II) with cerebral invasion. Focal collagenous rosettes and fibrosclerotic whorls were noted. In all three cases, Masson's trichrome was used to confirm collagenous nature of the rosettes. All three tumors were positive for epithelial membrane antigen and vimentin.
Detection and evaluation of intracranial aneurysms in the posterior fossa by multidetector computed tomography angiography – Comparison with digital subtraction angiography
Authors: Singh Vivek , Vignesh S , Neyaz Zafar , Phadke Rajendra , Mehrotra Anant , Mishra Prabhakar
Published: April 2019

Introduction: Posterior fossa hemorrhages are not so frequent but as posterior cranial fossa space is narrow and has many vital structures, even a small amount of bleed can lead to compression of brain stem and serious consequences. Identification and planning management of cause of bleed requires angiogram. Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) being invasive modality but is gold standard, so noninvasive computed tomography angiography (CTA) is compared to detect cause of bleed in the posterior fossa in this study. Materials and Methods: From January 2017 to October 2018, all patients with posterior fossa bleed who underwent CTA and DSA for evaluation were compared regarding identification of aneurysm as cause of bleed. Results: A total of 49 patients were evaluated in this study during study duration, of which 26 (53%) were male and 23 (47%) were female. Out of 49 patients evaluated, 47 patients had aneurysms detected on DSA. Of 25 patients who underwent both procedures, 23 patients had aneurysms, and correct diagnosis was made with CTA in 24 out of 25 aneurysms. One aneurysm missed by CTA was close to bony structure. Discussion: With advancement of CTA technology, sensitivity of detecting intracranial aneurysms has increased to >96%. The overall sensitivity in detecting aneurysms is 96% with sensitivity in detecting aneurysms >4 mm being 100%. The sensitivity of CTA for smaller sized aneurysms is low which is attributed partially to lower spatial resolution of CT compared to DSA. Conclusion: CTA is a simple, fast, and noninvasive imaging modality that can be used to detect and characterize intracranial aneurysms in the posterior fossa.
Impact of comorbidities on outcome following revision of recurrent single-level lumbar disc prolapse between revision microdiscectomy and posterior lumbar interbody fusion: A single-institutional analysis
Authors: Onyia Chiazor , Menon Sajesh
Published: April 2019

Objectives: Reports exist in the literature on the relationship between comorbid conditions and recurrence of lumbar disc herniation. Meanwhile, documented evidence abound on microdiscectomy and posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) as techniques of managing recurrent disc prolapse. Some surgeons would choose to perform PLIF instead of microdiscectomy for a first time re-herniation, because of the possibility of higher chances of further recurrence as well as increased likelihood of spinal instability following treatment with microdiscectomy. In this study, the authors sought to determine whether PLIF is better than microdiscectomy for first-time recurrent single-level lumbar disc prolapse and to compare the impact of comorbidities on outcome following revision. Patients and Methods: This was retrospective review of surgical treatment of patients with recurrent single-level disc prolapse with either microdiscectomy or PLIF at a tertiary health institution in India. Results: A total of 26 patients were evaluated. There was no statistically significant correlation between the presence of comorbidity and outcome in terms of improvement of pain (P > 0.05 at 95% degree of confidence; Spearman's ρ =0.239). Patients who had PLIF were neither more nor less likely to have a better outcome compared to those who had microdiscectomy, though this finding was not statistically significant (odds ratio = 0.263; P = 0.284). Conclusion: There was no significant relationship between the presence of comorbidity and outcome following revision. Microdiscectomy did not prove to be a better option than PLIF for surgical management of recurrent single-level disc prolapse. A quality randomized controlled study would help to validate these findings.
Diversity of the riparian vegetation of high Andean wetlands of the Junín region, Peru
Authors: Chanamé-Zapata Fernán Cosme , Custodio-Villanueva María , Yaranga-Cano Raúl Marino , Pantoja-Esquivel Rafael Antonio
Published: April 2019

The diversity of the riparian vegetation of five high Andean lagoons of the Junin region was evaluated between March and December of 2017. The sampling of the riparian vegetation was carried out by means of the transect method. The unidentified species were collected for later identification in the herbarium. The diversity was determined by floristic composition, abundance and frequency, and by species richness indices of Simpson and Shannon-Wiener. In the Pomacocha Lagoon, the floristic composition was represented by 43 species, distributed in 15 families, with the most abundant species being Aciachne pulvinata, Azorella crenata and Geranium sessiliflorum and the most frequent Aciachne pulvinata. In the Laguna Tragadero, the floristic composition was represented by 17 species, distributed in 10 families, with the most abundant species being Pennisetum clandestinum and Eleocharis sp and the most frequent Polypogon interruptus. In the Cucancocha Lagoon, the floristic composition was represented by 19 species, distributed in 7 families, with the most abundant species being Calamagrostis sp and Wernberia humbellata and the one of most frequent Carex ecuadorica. In the Incacocha Lagoon, the floristic composition was represented by 22 species, distributed in 11 families, with the most abundant and frequent species being Alchemilla pinnata. In the Ñahuinpuquio Lagoon, the floristic composition was represented by 20 species, distributed in 9 families, with the most abundant species being Pennisetum clandestinum and the most frequent species Pennisetum clandestinum, Juncus arcticus and Muhlenbergia andina. The results obtained contribute data on the diversity of riparian vegetation of high Andean wetlands in the Junin region, Peru.
Büchi’s Problem in Modular Arithmetic for Arbitrary Quadratic Polynomials
Authors: Sáez Pablo , Vidaux Xavier , Vsemirnov Maxim
Published: April 2019

Given a prime $p\geqslant 5$ and an integer $s\geqslant 1$, we show that there exists an integer $M$ such that for any quadratic polynomial $f$ with coefficients in the ring of integers modulo $p^{s}$, such that $f$ is not a square, if a sequence $(f(1),\ldots ,f(N))$ is a sequence of squares, then $N$ is at most $M$. We also provide some explicit formulas for the optimal $M$.
Biosimilar Drugs and the Hospital Formulary: A Canadian Experience
Authors: Fenna Jennifer , Watkins Kathy , Guirguis Micheal
Published: April 2019

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Medication Reimbursement Model and Cost Savings in a Canadian Ambulatory Hemodialysis Program
Authors: Wilson Jo-Anne S , Tran Jaclyn , Veith Annette , Landry David , Neville Heather , Kelly Cindy , Soroka Steven , West Kenneth
Published: April 2019

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Communication: Adapting to Changing Times and Needs
Authors: Mysak Tania
Published: April 2019

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How low can we go? The limits of monetary policy
Authors: Pressman Steven
Published: April 2019

Central banks have recently pushed interest rates below zero. This was done after some considerable time with interest rates being near zero and unemployment remaining very high in many countries. The hope was that negative rates would reinvigorate monetary policy and rescue countries suffering from high unemployment and slow growth. This paper argues that negative rates are not an effective solution to the problems of high unemployment and economic stagnation, and that this policy proposal fails to understand both the nature of negative interest rates and how far interest rates might be pushed below zero percent. Rates a little bit below zero are possible because of insurance and carrying costs. Anything substantially below this would result in considerable economic harm that would exceed any economic benefits from the lower rates. This being the case, fiscal policy must be the policy of choice in difficult economic times.
Unconventional monetary policy and negative interest rates: a Post-Keynesian perspective on the liquidity trap and euthanasia of the rentier*
Authors: Mattos Olivia Bullio , Da Roz Felipe , Ultremare Fernanda Oliveira , Mello Guilherme Santos
Published: April 2019

This article discusses ‘unconventional’ monetary policy after the 2008 crisis. The focus is the original theoretical basis for such policy and possible Keynesian readings and criticisms. Drawing inspiration mainly from Keynes (1930; 1936) and Minsky (1975), the paper seeks to explain why ultra-low/negative interest rates neither caused ‘rentiers’ to die, nor achieved full employment. The main hypothesis goes in the direction pointed to by Keynes: the problem is the low marginal efficiency of capital, the liquidity trap, and the lack of active government fiscal policy, which should be used in conjunction with monetary policy that maintains low long-term interest rates in order to spur investment. Monetary policy and very low/negative interest rates seem insufficient to overcome low growth. They are also incapable, at least in the short term, of promoting euthanasia of the rentiers as current monetary policy allows financial institutions to benefit from the capital gains it spurs.
On the normality of negative interest rates
Authors: Grasselli Matheus R. , Lipton Alexander
Published: April 2019

We argue that a negative interest-rate policy (NIRP) can be an effective tool for macroeconomic stabilization. We first discuss how implementing negative rates on reserves held at a central bank does not pose any theoretical difficulty, with a reduction in rates operating in exactly the same way when rates are positive or negative, and show that this is compatible with an endogenous-money point of view. We then propose a simplified stock–flow consistent macroeconomic model where rates are allowed to become arbitrarily negative and present simulation evidence for their stabilizing effects. In practice, the existence of physical cash imposes a lower bound for interest rates, which in our view is the main reason for the lack of effectiveness of negative interest rates in the countries that adopted them as part of their monetary policy. We conclude by discussing alternative ways to overcome this lower bound, in particular the use of central-bank digital currencies.
The dangerous ineffectiveness of negative interest rates: the case of Switzerland
Authors: Rossi Sergio
Published: April 2019

This paper argues that the negative interest rate adopted by the Swiss National Bank in 2015 has elicited a series of negative consequences across the Swiss economy. It has led an increasing number of agents to invest their savings in the real-estate market, whose prices have overheated, threatening the eruption of a housing crisis. It has also induced a number of financial institutions to turn to riskier businesses in an attempt to continue to earn some returns, thereby increasing financial fragility at systemic level. The paper suggests that a small Tobin tax on all Swiss-franc purchases may contribute to the support of domestic economic activities much better than negative rates of interest.
Occupational Therapy Intervention to Improve Outcomes Among Frail Older Adults: A Scoping Review
Authors: Fritz Heather , Seidarabi Sara , Barbour Ryan , Vonbehren Alexandra
Published: April 2019

Importance: Frailty is common in later life and increases older adults’ risk for early disability, institutionalization, and mortality.

Objective: To explore the research literature on occupational therapy interventions to improve outcomes among frail, community-dwelling older adults.

Design: Scoping review of the peer-reviewed literature about occupational therapy interventions and frailty published between January 1996 and January 2017.

Results: Ten studies met the inclusion criteria. The majority of the studies focused on adults age 65 yr or older, operationalized frailty as activities of daily living disability, and did not use validated frailty measures to identify frail older adults. Interventions were delivered both as a stand-alone intervention and as part of a multidisciplinary approach. Treatments focused on recommendations and training in use of adaptive devices or assistive technologies, performance of self-care, and recommendations for home modifications.

Conclusion: Additional research is warranted to build the evidence base and better inform the design and selection of occupational therapy interventions to improve outcomes among frail older adults.
Application of electronic nose for determination of Slovak cheese authentication based on aroma profile
Authors: Štefániková Jana , Nagyová Veronika , Hynšt Matej , Vietoris Vladimí­r , Martišová Patrí­cia , Nagyová Ľudmila
Published: April 2019

Electronic nose with sensors is used in many industries and for various applications such as quality control, process monitoring, shelf life evaluation, origin or authenticity assessment. The aim of this work was to investigate the electronic nose with FID detectors applicability for characterization of steamed cheese and for the assessment of steamed cheese quality decay during storage. Samples of smoked and unsmoked steamed cheese varieties from 5 Slovak enterprises concerning different regions of Slovakia were analysed. Data from aroma profiles were processed by statistical technique PCA. Compounds like acetaldehyde, 1-propanal, propanoic acid, ethyl hexanoate, furfural, butan-2-one, isovaleric acid, 1-hexanol or α-pinene were determined as significant flavours in fresh steamed cheese samples. In the current study, no significant differences in aroma profiles between fresh and stored cheese samples were confirmed. Thus, differences in main odour substances composition of steamed cheese varieties, obtained from various producers in several geographic regions of Slovakia, were minor.
Student Perspectives on Language and Culture Teaching in EFL: Implications for Intercultural Approach
Authors: LIU Kai Li
Published: April 2019

Globalization has led to the need for incorporating world cultures into foreign language curricula to develop students’ intercultural communicative competence. As a result, intercultural approaches as well as intercultural communicative competence have been widely studied. While there are a number of studies discussing this issue from the perspectives of teachers, the literature finds few studies regarding students’ perceptions. Therefore, the question of whether there are any gaps between teachers’ and students’ perceptions remains unanswered. To help answer this question, this study conducted a survey exploring university students’ perceptions of culture learning and teaching in the English classroom by using a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods. Based on the results of a questionnaire and interviews, this study found the practice and the materials used in EFL teaching might not satisfy the requirements of leaners as users of English as a lingua franca (ELF) for intercultural communication. Thus further research regarding effective teaching methods is needed.
Prácticas profesionales, Proyección y Extensión Social. Aproximación a la experiencia de la Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias Jurídicas 2014-2015
Authors: Gazo Robles Jossarys Massiell
Published: April 2019

La investigación corresponde a la línea de investigación de la Maestría en Métodos de Investigación Científica (MEDINV): Vinculación entre la investigación y la práctica de formación profesional en la IES. El objetivo general de la investigación es analizar las Prácticas Profesionales y su vinculación con la Proyección y Extensión Social de las carreras con perfil de investigación: Antropología Social, Geografía, Historia y Trabajo Social, de la Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias Jurídicas, UNAN-Managua, a través de las experiencias, conocimientos de los estudiantes y docentes. Se empleó una metodología caracterizada por tener un enfoque mixto que contiene los métodos y técnicas de recolección y procesamiento de datos. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y analítico. Del análisis y discusión de los resultados obtenidos, se alcanzaron las siguientes conclusiones: La universidad del nuevo siglo se centra en un nuevo paradigma educativo, cuyo eje es el ser humano, quien interpreta la realidad social al enfrentar retos importantes ante los continuos cambios y crecientes rupturas paradigmáticas que suceden, de manera vertiginosa, en todas las áreas del conocimiento, ciencia y tecnología, buscando garantizar e incrementar sustancialmente los recursos actuales y, de esta manera, potenciar el conocimiento, esto como resultado de la relación entre la educación superior y la sociedad.
Cultivation of Polytechnic-Industry Linkage for Development and Delivery of Curriculum for Technical Education: A Case Study of The Federal Polytechnic, Ilaro
Authors: Oloyo Raheem Adisa
Published: April 2019

The implication of the unsuitability of young Nigerian graduates for available jobs in the industry raises the question as to the appropriateness of the training received while in school. It has exacerbated the unemployment problem in the Country, and it is worrisome. Of a necessity in curriculum development and delivery, therefore is the adoption of an approach that takes cognizance of the job function of the graduates in the industry and/or workplace and the skills required to perform on the job. In other words, the curriculum must target the job market demand and needs. This paper reports on the development of a demand-led curriculum in National Diploma Cement Engineering Technology through the partnership of the Federal Polytechnic, Ilaro with Cement Industry, Cement Training Institute of Nigeria, Manufacturers Association of Nigeria, and the National Board for Technical Education. The paper concludes that the emerging graduates from the implementation of the curriculum would have acquired the appropriate skills for the job, and would be acceptable and fit to perform effectively in the industry. Besides, opportunities for earning industry research income and reputation through the provision of research support to the industry is an added benefit derivable from the linkage.
Protagonismo do Gerente de Projetos em demandas institucionais caracterizadas por alta inovação tecnológica
Authors: Sposito Lincoln , Scafuto Isabel Cristina
Published: April 2019

Um dos fatores mais importantes quanto ao sucesso dos projetos é a atuação do gerente de projetos. O objetivo deste artigo é verificar se o protagonismo de um gerente de projetos, em atividades com um ambiente de alta complexidade, em função da inovação tecnológica e da pressão gerada por ser uma demanda institucional legal, é um fator chave de sucesso do projeto. Para alcançar o objetivo proposto foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa. Os dados foram obtidos através de entrevistas com gerentes de projetos e integrantes das equipes. Para essa análise, utilizou-se o software MAXQDA. O principal resultado obtido, entre outros, foi a relevância do papel desempenhado pelo gerente de projetos e a forte relação com o sucesso do projeto e com outras habilidades gerenciais.
Clifford Geertz’s Critique of Common Sense and the Faith
Authors: Šimić Krešimir ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: April 2019

The idea that the mind, i.e., common sense, is not an inherent human structure but a cultural system, has become a general assumption taken for granted by many. Richard Rorty’s post-Philosophical culture serves as an illustrative example. One of the most renowned representatives of the radical critique of the mind, i.e., of common sense, is the cultural anthropologist Clifford Geertz. He believes that we are in need of an ethnography based on the “thick description”. Geertz’s insights have strongly influenced the postliberal theologians. Consequently, the centre of the theology—the faith—has once again been obscured. Therefore, this article seeks to emphasize the importance of faith, based on Josef Pieper’s sagacious insights.
Définir les troubles liés aux substances psychoactives à partir de données
administratives
Authors: Huỳnh Christophe , Rochette Louis , Pelletier Éric , Lesage Alain
Published: April 2019

Les troubles liés aux substances psychoactives (TLS) sont associés à de nombreux
problèmes sociosanitaires requérant divers services adaptés. Dans le but de déterminer la
prévalence des TLS et leurs impacts sur l’utilisation des services dans le système de santé
québécois, le Système intégré de surveillance des maladies chroniques du Québec développe
actuellement des indicateurs permettant d’identifier les individus traités dans la province
pour un TLS. Ces indicateurs serviront à étudier les caractéristiques des individus ayant un
TLS, à évaluer l’excès de mortalité et les complications qui en résultent, à explorer
l’impact des politiques ministérielles et à adapter l’offre de services en fonction de
l’évolution temporelle des TLS. Or, la création de ces indicateurs se heurte à plusieurs
défis. La Classification internationale des maladies est en décalage avec les connaissances
et les réalités actuelles, ce qui ne permet pas de bien identifier les substances consommées
par les individus en se basant sur les codes diagnostiques. Aussi, les TLS ne sont pas
toujours explicitement nommés, mais implicitement évoqués par le biais d’autres diagnostics,
notamment dans le cas de maladies physiques ou d’intoxications. De plus, la présence du bon
code diagnostique dépend d’aspects administratifs. Cet article méthodologique présente les
étapes et les réflexions qui ont mené au développement des indicateurs permettant
d’identifier les individus ayant un TLS à partir de banques de données
administratives.
Glial Ca2+signaling links endocytosis to K+ buffering around neuronal somas to regulate excitability
Authors: Weiss Shirley , Melom Jan E , Ormerod Kiel G , Zhang Yao V , Littleton J Troy
Published: April 2019

Glial-neuronal signaling at synapses is widely studied, but how glia interact with neuronal somas to regulate their activity is unclear. Drosophila cortex glia are restricted to brain regions devoid of synapses, providing an opportunity to characterize interactions with neuronal somas. Mutations in the cortex glial NCKXzydeco elevate basal Ca2+, predisposing animals to seizure-like behavior. To determine how cortex glial Ca2+ signaling controls neuronal excitability, we performed an in vivo modifier screen of the NCKXzydeco seizure phenotype. We show that elevation of glial Ca2+ causes hyperactivation of calcineurin-dependent endocytosis and accumulation of early endosomes. Knockdown of sandman, a K2P channel, recapitulates NCKXzydeco seizures. Indeed, sandman expression on cortex glial membranes is substantially reduced in NCKXzydeco mutants, indicating enhanced internalization of sandman predisposes animals to seizures. These data provide an unexpected link between glial Ca2+ signaling and the well-known role of glia in K+ buffering as a key mechanism for regulating neuronal excitability.
Selective attenuation of Ether-a-go-go related K+ currents by endogenous acetylcholine reduces spike-frequency adaptation and network correlation
Authors: Cui Edward D , Strowbridge Ben W
Published: April 2019

Most neurons do not simply convert inputs into firing rates. Instead, moment-to-moment firing rates reflect interactions between synaptic inputs and intrinsic currents. Few studies investigated how intrinsic currents function together to modulate output discharges and which of the currents attenuated by synthetic cholinergic ligands are actually modulated by endogenous acetylcholine (ACh). In this study we optogenetically stimulated cholinergic fibers in rat neocortex and find that ACh enhances excitability by reducing Ether-à-go-go Related Gene (ERG) K+ current. We find ERG mediates the late phase of spike-frequency adaptation in pyramidal cells and is recruited later than both SK and M currents. Attenuation of ERG during coincident depolarization and ACh release leads to reduced late phase spike-frequency adaptation and persistent firing. In neuronal ensembles, attenuating ERG enhanced signal-to-noise ratios and reduced signal correlation, suggesting that these two hallmarks of cholinergic function in vivo may result from modulation of intrinsic properties.
Review of the Literature on Latin America in Ketab-e-Jom’eh
Authors: Riazi Jom’ehToloo
Published: April 2019

This paper aims to analyze a weekly magazine called Ketab-e-Jom’eh (Friday’s Book) and the reflection of Latin American’s revolutionary movements in it. Ketab-e-Jom’eh, published from July 26, 1979, to May 22, 1980, was supervised by a number of the most legendary Iranian authors and poets, such as Ahmad Shamloo1 and Gholam Hossein Saedi. I focus on the way a particular perspective on Latin American movements is constructed and perpetuated among Ketab-e-Jom’eh’s lectors. With a symbolic approach, I analyze those texts through their symbolic representation in the Iranian society, which requires me to study those symbols and their concomitant relevance in Iran. Eventually, I will use an interpretative approach to examine this magazine’s ideologically motivated articles in the broader context of the Iranian society with its particular traits. The dialectic relationship between literature and society helps us understand literature as the product of social conditions and influential factors in society. The position that I develop here echoes Louis de Bonald’s belief that “through a careful reading of any nation’s literature ‘one could tell what this people had been’” (as cited in Hall, 1979, p. 13). I employ such an expansive horizon to scrutinize the selection of literature on Latin American guerillas. I shall unfold the magazine’s ideological orientation from the angle of the context in which it is used. I aim to show that the historical context of the Iranian society at the moment gives those articles specific meanings. In pursuit of my goals, I will recontextualize the articles to determine their primary significance in the Iran of the 1970s and 1980s.
Brazilian Modernism and Cultural Criticism
Authors: Sinder Valter , Jorge da Silva Ribeiro Paulo
Published: April 2019

The purpose of this paper is to disclose some issues of Brazilian Modernism (in the 1920’s) and to discuss how the leading exponents of this movement attempted to shape a new and authentic way of evaluating the Brazilian national project, showing their views on cultural criticism as a whole. This paper is also an attempt to understand how contemporary criticism re-evaluates this aesthetic and critical project. The late 1970`s and early 1980`s can be seen as fundamental to all the changes in scenarios, images and discourses that took place in Brazil. These changes were not limited to the composition of pragmatic, academic and disciplinary scenarios, but there was an attempt to bring about changes in the face of Brazil. The new agenda of civil society began to be redefined and the relations between public and private worlds were in the spotlight again. The end of the authoritarian military rule was not only a rupture with the current institutional pattern, but it altered deeply the way of thinking about the country.
A combination of curcumin, vorinostat and silibinin reverses Aβ-induced nerve cell toxicity via activation of AKT-MDM2-p53 pathway
Authors: Meng Jia , Li Yan , Zhang Mingming , Li Wenjing , Zhou Lin , Wang Qiujun , Lin Lin , Jiang Lihong , Zhu Wenliang
Published: April 2019

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a significant health issue for the elderly and becoming increasingly common as the global population ages. Although many efforts have been made to elucidate its pathology, there is still a lack of effective clinical anti-AD agents. Previous research has shown the neuroprotective properties of a combination of curcumin and vorinostat. In this study, nine other neuroprotective agents were investigated to examine whether a three-drug combination of curcumin, vorinostat, and a new drug is more advantageous than the previous two-drug combination in alleviating amyloid beta (Aβ)-induced nerve cell toxicity. Cell viability assay was performed to screen these agents, and further validation tests, including determination of cellular oxidative stress, apoptosis, and activity of the AKT/MDM2/p53 pathway, were performed. Among the nine candidate compounds, only silibinin at 1 µM reduced Aβ25–35-induced toxicity in PC12 cells. The neuroprotective effects of 1 µM silibinin in combination with 5 µM curcumin and 0.5 µM vorinostat (CVS) was shown in PC12 cells, in which it decreased apoptosis and oxidative stress marker levels that were increased by 20 µM Aβ25–35. Western blotting results showed that CVS pretreatment significantly increased the phosphorylation of AKT, BAD, and MDM2, which resulted in decreased intracellular expression of p53. Further, immunofluorescence results showed reduced p53 levels in the nuclei of PC12 cells following CVS pretreatment, indicating a reduction in the p53-mediated transcriptional activity associated with Aβ25–35 exposure. In conclusion, our findings suggested that pretreatment with CVS protected PC12 cells from Aβ25–35-induced toxicity through modulation of the AKT/MDM2/p53 pathway. Thus, CVS may present a new therapeutic option for treating AD.
OsteoporosAtlas: a human osteoporosis-related gene database
Authors: Wang Xun , Diao Lihong , Sun Dezhi , Wang Dan , Zhu Jiarun , He Yangzhige , Liu Yuan , Xu Hao , Zhang Yi , Liu Jinying , Wang Yan , He Fuchu , Li Yang , Li Dong
Published: April 2019

Background

Osteoporosis is a common, complex disease of bone with a strong heritable component, characterized by low bone mineral density, microarchitectural deterioration of bone tissue and an increased risk of fracture. Due to limited drug selection for osteoporosis and increasing morbidity, mortality of osteoporotic fractures, osteoporosis has become a major health burden in aging societies. Current researches for identifying specific loci or genes involved in osteoporosis contribute to a greater understanding of the pathogenesis of osteoporosis and the development of better diagnosis, prevention and treatment strategies. However, little is known about how most causal genes work and interact to influence osteoporosis. Therefore, it is greatly significant to collect and analyze the studies involved in osteoporosis-related genes. Unfortunately, the information about all these osteoporosis-related genes is scattered in a large amount of extensive literature. Currently, there is no specialized database for easily accessing relevant information about osteoporosis-related genes and miRNAs.

Methods

We extracted data from literature abstracts in PubMed by text-mining and manual curation. Moreover, a local MySQL database containing all the data was developed with PHP on a Windows server.

Results

OsteoporosAtlas (http://biokb.ncpsb.org/osteoporosis/), the first specialized database for easily accessing relevant information such as osteoporosis-related genes and miRNAs, was constructed and served for researchers. OsteoporosAtlas enables users to retrieve, browse and download osteoporosis-related genes and miRNAs. Gene ontology and pathway analyses were integrated into OsteoporosAtlas. It currently includes 617 human encoding genes, 131 human non-coding miRNAs, and 128 functional roles. We think that OsteoporosAtlas will be an important bioinformatics resource to facilitate a better understanding of the pathogenesis of osteoporosis and developing better diagnosis, prevention and treatment strategies.
MorphoCatcher: a multiple-alignment based web tool for target selection and designing taxon-specific primers in the loop-mediated isothermal amplification method
Authors: Shirshikov Fedor V. , Pekov Yuri A. , Miroshnikov Konstantin A.
Published: April 2019

Background

Advantages of loop-mediated isothermal amplification in molecular diagnostics allow to consider the method as a promising technology of nucleic acid detection in agriculture and medicine. A bioinformatics tool that provides rapid screening and selection of target nucleotide sequences with subsequent taxon-specific primer design toward polymorphic orthologous genes, not only unique or conserved common regions of genome, would contribute to the development of more specific and sensitive diagnostic assays. However, considering features of the original software for primer selection, also known as the PrimerExplorer (Eiken Chemical Co. LTD, Tokyo, Japan), the taxon-specific primer design using multiple sequence alignments of orthologs or even viral genomes with conservative architecture is still complicated.

Findings

Here, MorphoCatcher is introduced as a fast and simple web plugin for PrimerExplorer with a clear interface. It enables an execution of multiple-alignment based search of taxon-specific mutations, visual screening and selection of target sequences, and easy-to-start specific primer design using the PrimerExplorer software. The combination of MorphoCatcher and PrimerExplorer allows to perform processing of the multiple alignments of orthologs for informative sliding-window plot analysis, which is used to identify the sequence regions with a high density of taxon-specific mutations and cover them by the primer ends for better specificity of amplification.

Conclusions

We hope that this new bioinformatics tool developed for target selection and taxon-specific primer design, called the MorphoCatcher, will gain more popularity of the loop-mediated isothermal amplification method for molecular diagnostics community. MorphoCatcher is a simple web plugin tool for the PrimerExplorer software which is freely available only for non-commercial and academic users at http://morphocatcher.ru.
Application of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in Farm Management in Jorhat District of Assam
Authors: Lahan Raktim Ranjan , Deka Nivedita
Published: April 2019

Information Communication Technology (ICT) provides an opportunity for farmers to increase their farm production.ICT is a diverse set of technological tools and resources used to communicate, disseminate, store and manage information. Different tools of ICT like television, radio, newspaper, mobile phone, etc were used by the farmers to get information. The demand for agricultural crops increasing day by day to feed the people. Proper information about weather, plant disease, soil, the post-harvesting technique can increase the productivity of the farmers. In the present study, all the sources were divided into four groups accordingly their characteristics. The four groups were face to face, other farmers, traditional media, modern ICT etc. Different factors were affecting in the use of modern ICT like age, education, farm size, traditional media, mobile phone. Some factors were affecting more in the use of ICT while some factors affecting less. Old age farmers relied more on traditional media than modern ICT. Farmers those who had large farm size were using more traditional media and modern ICT. Various problems were faced by farmers while using ICT. The present study tries to know the use of ICT and factors affecting in the use of ICT.
From the individual to the collective: The emergence of a psychological approach to collective memory
Authors: Stone Charles B. , Jay Alexander C.V.
Published: April 2019

Throughout much of the 20th century, psychologists have largely examined mnemonic processes through an individualistic lens at the expense of social influences. However, this perspective began to change toward the end of the 20th century and beginning of the 21st century, when psychologists began to better appreciate the social nature of remembering. In the present paper, we focus on a relatively recent and important evolution of this line of research: the emergence of a psychological approach to collective memory. Using an epidemiological approach to collective memory, we attempt to distil the extant and relevant psychological research and focus on how (collective) memories transmit, converge, and remain stable over time while considering the bidirectional relationship between collective memory and a mnemonic community's identity. We conclude with a discussion of research areas that psychologists should examine moving forward, which will ultimately provide a more holistic understanding of how collective memories emerge, remain stable, and/or change over time.
A Novel Bifunctional Self‐Stabilized Strategy Enabling 4.6 V LiCoO2 with Excellent Long‐Term Cyclability and High‐Rate Capability
Authors: Wang Longlong , Ma Jun , Wang Chen , Yu Xinrun , Liu Ru , Jiang Feng , Sun Xingwei , Du Aobing , Zhou Xinhong , Cui Guanglei
Published: April 2019

Although the theoretical specific capacity of LiCoO2 is as high as 274 mAh g−1, the superior electrochemical performances of LiCoO2 can be barely achieved due to the issues of severe structure destruction and LiCoO2/electrolyte interface side reactions when the upper cutoff voltage exceeds 4.5 V. Here, a bifunctional self‐stabilized strategy involving Al+Ti bulk codoping and gradient surface Mg doping is first proposed to synchronously enhance the high‐voltage (4.6 V) performances of LiCoO2. The comodified LiCoO2 (CMLCO) shows an initial discharge capacity of 224.9 mAh g−1 and 78% capacity retention after 200 cycles between 3.0 and 4.6 V. Excitingly, the CMLCO also exhibits a specific capacity of up to 142 mAh g−1 even at 10 C. Moreover, the long‐term cyclability of CMLCO/mesocarbon microbeads full cells is also enhanced significantly even at high temperature of 60 °C. The synergistic effects of this bifunctional self‐stabilized strategy on structural reversibility and interfacial stability are demonstrated by investigating the phase transitions and interface characteristics of cycled LiCoO2. This work will be a milestone breakthrough in the development of high‐voltage LiCoO2. It will also present an instructive contribution for resolving the big structural and interfacial challenges in other high‐energy‐density rechargeable batteries.
Solar Energy Storage by Molecular Norbornadiene–Quadricyclane Photoswitches: Polymer Film Devices
Authors: Petersen Anne Ugleholdt , Hofmann Anna I. , Fillols Méritxell , Mansø Mads , Jevric Martyn , Wang Zhihang , Sumby Christopher J. , Müller Christian , Moth‐Poulsen Kasper
Published: April 2019

Devices that can capture and convert sunlight into stored chemical energy are attractive candidates for future energy technologies. A general challenge is to combine efficient solar energy capture with high energy densities and energy storage time into a processable composite for device application. Here, norbornadiene (NBD)–quadricyclane (QC) molecular photoswitches are embedded into polymer matrices, with possible applications in energy storing coatings. The NBD–QC photoswitches that are capable of absorbing sunlight with estimated solar energy storage efficiencies of up to 3.8% combined with attractive energy storage densities of up to 0.48 MJ kg−1. The combination of donor and acceptor units leads to an improved solar spectrum match with an onset of absorption of up to 529 nm and a lifetime (t1/2) of up to 10 months. The NBD–QC systems with properties matched to a daily energy storage cycle are further investigated in the solid state by embedding the molecules into a series of polymer matrices revealing that polystyrene is the preferred choice of matrix. These polymer devices, which can absorb sunlight and over a daily cycle release the energy as heat, are investigated for their cyclability, showing multicycle reusability with limited degradation that might allow them to be applied as window laminates.