bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TREX1 As a Potential Therapeutic Target for Autoimmune and Inflammatory Diseases
Authors: Tao Sha-Sha , Wu Guo-Cui , Zhang Qin , Zhang Tian-Ping , Leng Rui-Xue , Pan Hai-Feng , Ye Dong-Qing
Published: September 2019

Background and Objectives:

The 3’ repair exonuclease 1 (TREX1) gene is the major DNA-specific
3’–5 ’exonuclease of mammalian cells which reduces single- and double-stranded DNA (ssDNA and dsDNA) to
prevent undue immune activation mediated by the nucleic acid. TREX1 is also a crucial suppressor of selfrecognition
that protects the host from inappropriate autoimmune activations. It has been revealed that TREX1
function is necessary to prevent host DNA accumulating after cell death which could actuate an autoimmune
response. In the manuscript, we will discuss in detail the latest advancement to study the role of TREX1 in autoimmune
disease.

Methods:

As a pivotal cytoprotective, antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, immunosuppressive, as well as an antiinflammatory
molecule, the functional mechanisms of TREX1 were multifactorial. In this review, we will briefly
summarize the latest advancement in studying the role of TREX1 in autoimmune disease, and discuss its potential
as a therapeutic target for these diseases.

Results:

Deficiency of TREX1 in human patients and murine models is characterized by systemic inflammation
and the disorder of TREX1 functions drives inflammatory responses leading to autoimmune disease. Moreover,
much more studies revealed that mutations in TREX1 have been associated with a range of autoimmune disorders.
But it is also unclear whether the mutations of TREX1 play a causal role in the disease progression, and
whether manipulation of TREX1 has a beneficial effect in the treatment of autoimmune diseases.

Conclusion:

Integration of functional TREX1 biology into autoimmune diseases may further deepen our understanding
of the development and pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases and provide new clues and evidence for
the treatment of autoimmune diseases.
In silico Insights on IL-6: A Potential Target for Multicentric Castleman Disease
Authors: Aher Abhishek , Udhwani Trishang , Khandelwal Ravina , Limaye Akanksha , Hussain Tajamul , Nayarisseri Anuraj , Singh Sanjeev Kumar
Published: September 2019

Background:

Multicentric Castleman Disease (MCD) is a confrontational lymphoproliferative
disorder described by symptoms such as lymph node proliferation, unwarranted secretion of
inflammatory cytokines, hyperactive immune system, and in severe cases, multiple organ dysfunction.
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a pleiotropic cytokine which is involved in a large range of physiological
processes in our body such as pro-inflammation, anti-inflammation, differentiation of T-cells
and is reported to be a key pathological factor in MCD. In the case of MCD, it was observed that
IL-6 is overproduced from T-cells and macrophages which disturb Hepcidin, a vital regulator of
iron trafficking in macrophage. The present study endeavour to expound the inhibitor which binds
to IL-6 protein receptor with high affinity.

Methods:

MolegroVirtual Docker software was employed to find the best-established drug from
the list of selected inhibitors of IL-6. This compound was subjected to virtual screening against
PubChem database to get inhibitors with a very similar structure. These inhibitors were docked to
obtain a compound binding with high affinity to the target protein. The established compound and
the virtual screened compound were subjected to relative analysis of interactivity energy variables
and ADMET profile studies.

Results:

Among all the selected inhibitors, the virtual screened compound PubChem CID:
101119084 is seen to possess the highest affinity with the target protein. Comparative studies and
ADMET analysis further implicate this compound as a better inhibitor of the IL-6 protein.

Conclusion:

Hence, this compound recognized in the study possesses high potential as an IL-6 inhibitor
which might assist in the treatment of Multicentric Castleman Disease and should be examined
for its efficiency by in vivo studies.
Synthesis, SAR, Molecular Docking and Anti-Microbial Study of Substituted N-bromoamido-2-aminobenzothiazoles
Authors: Anuse Devidas G. , Thorat Bapu R. , Sawant Sudhir , Yamgar Ramesh S. , Chaudhari Hemchandra K. , Mali Suraj N.
Published: September 2019

Background:

Benzothiazoles are reported to have bioorganic and pharmaceutical chemistry
applications.

Introduction:

A series of substituted N-bromoamido-2-aminobenzothiazoles was synthesized from substituted
anilines via 2-aminobenzothiazoles and it was further evaluated for its antimicrobial activity.

Methods:

All the newly synthesized compounds were characterized by FT-IR, NMR and mass
spectra and purity profiles were studied by HPLC analysis. The antimicrobial testing (MIC determination)
was newly performed with agar micro-broth dilution method for these analogs.

Results:

Among the synthesized compound 3b showed the highest activity with MIC value of 3.12
μg/mL against Bacillus, E. coli, S. aureus and Klebsiella and 6.25 μg/mL against C. albicans. The
ADME properties as calculated by using Qikprop were found within acceptable range. Derivatives
shows a good-moderate binding affinity towards target Cytochrome P450 14 alpha-sterol demethylase
(CYP51) (PDB ID: 1EA1).

Conclusion:

Our in-silico and in-vitro studies on a series of substituted aminobenzothiazoles may
be helpful for further designing of more potent antimicrobials in future.
Effect of Terebinthus atlanticus on Glucose Metabolism in Diabetic Rats
Authors: El-Ouady Fadwa , Hajji Lhoussaine , Eddouks Mohamed
Published: September 2019

Background:

Terebinthus atlanticus (Anacardiaceae) is an important source of essential
oil and phenolic compounds justifying its use in traditional medicine.

Objective:

The present work aimed to evaluate the antidiabetic and the antioxidant activities of the
aqueous extract of the leaves of Terebinthus atlanticus (T. atlanticus).

Methods:

The current study evaluated the effect of a single and repeated (15 days of treatment) oral
administration of the aqueous extract of the leaves of T. atlanticus (PALAE) on blood glucose levels
in normal and streptozotocin(STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Furthermore, the effect of PALAE on
glucose tolerance and histopathological examination of the liver was carried out.

Results:

A single oral administration of PALAE reduced blood glucose levels in normal (p<0.05),
and STZ diabetic rats (p<0.0001), 6 and 4 hours after administration, respectively. Furthermore, this
extract had an optimal effect (p<0.0001) in both normal and STZ diabetic rats at the 15th and 7th day
of treatment. This extract was also shown to prevent significantly the increase on blood glucose
levels 120 min after glucose administration, in both normal (p<0.05), and diabetic (p<0.01) treated
rats when compared to the control group. In addition, the histopathological analysis highlighted the
positive effect of T. atlanticus on pancreas and liver.

Conclusion:

The study demonstrates the antihyperglycemic effect of the aqueous T. atlanticus extracts
in diabetic rats which should be mediated through the amelioration of the oxidative stress as
well as an improvement in liver histology.
Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) in diagnosis of salivary gland tumours
Authors: Jakšić Ante , Belušić-Gobić Margita , Cerović Robert , Dekanić Andrea , Zamolo Gordana , Štemberger Christophe
Published: September 2019

Cilj: Tumori žlijezda slinovnica su rijetke neoplazme glave i vrata, no histološki čine vrlo heterogenu skupinu tumora. Važna metoda njihove dijagnostike je ultrazvučna pretraga žlijezda slinovnica uz citopunkciju tumorske promjene. Cilj rada je odrediti učestalost pojedine vrste tumora, specifičnost i senzitivnost citološkog nalaza te utvrditi stupanj podudarnosti između citološkog i patohistološkog nalaza. Ispitanici i metode: Ovim istraživanjem obuhvaćeno je 49 pacijenata operiranih zbog tumora velikih žlijezda slinovnica između 2015. i 2017. godine. Uključeni su samo pacijenti s prijeoperativnim citološkim nalazom i postoperativnim patohistološkim nalazom koji su međusobno uspoređeni. Rezultati: Najzastupljenija skupina pacijenata je ona iznad 60 godina (57 %). Doušna žlijezda bila je najčešće sijelo tumora u 94 % pacijenata. Prema citološkom nalazu dijagnosticirano je 40 dobroćudnih i 9 zloćudnih tumora. Patohistološkom analizom utvrđeno je 39 dobroćudnih i 10 zloćudnih tumora. Najčešće patohistološke dijagnoze bile su Warthinov tumor (cistadenolimfom) u 52,5 % i pleomorfni adenom u 37,5 % pacijenata. Senzitivnost citološkog nalaza iznosila je 90 %, dok je specifičnost bila 100 %. Kappa (κ) koeficijent bio je 0,93 (95 % CI = 0.687 – 0.979). Zaključak: U ovoj studiji citološka punkcija i analiza pokazala se kao vrlo dobra metoda u dijagnostici tumora velikih žlijezda slinovnica s visokom osjetljivošću i specifičnošću te izvrsnim stupnjem podudarnosti između citološkog nalaza i krajnje dijagnoze.
Kvalitativno istraživanje stavova o starenju i potrebama osoba starije životne dobi u Gradu Rijeci
Authors: Vasiljev Marchesi Vanja , Rukavina Tomislav , Roviš Darko , Bilajac Lovorka , Racz Aleksandar
Published: September 2019

Cilj: Cilj rada je utvrditi specifičnosti i stvarne potrebe, kao i mogućnosti za unaprjeđenje skrbi za starije osobe na području Grada Rijeke, oslanjajući se prvenstveno na javnozdravstvene i bioetičke aspekte. Ispitanici i metode: Ispitanici su podijeljeni u tri skupine: osobe starije životne dobi te formalni i neformalni pružatelji skrbi s područja Grada Rijeke. U svakoj skupini provedena je kvalitativna metoda fokus-grupe prema unaprijed određenom protokolu. Istraživanje je provedeno tijekom 2015. godine, a obuhvatilo je ukupno 40 ispitanika: osobe starije životne dobi (N = 12), formalni pružatelji skrbi (N = 14) i neformalni pružatelji skrbi (N = 14). Rezultati: Dobiveni rezultati prikazani su u objedinjenim kategorijama za odgovarajuće tematske cjeline: percepcija starije dobi, očekivanja i potrebe, korištenje lijekova, organizacija zdravstvene skrbi, korištenje modernih tehnologija te unaprjeđenje zdravlja. Rezultati su pokazali da postoji potreba razvijanja infrastrukture i metoda samopomoći u zajednici s ciljem unaprjeđenja kvalitete života osoba starije životne dobi i produljenja samostalnosti. Zaključci: Rezultati ukazuju na potrebu integracije zdravstvene i socijalne skrbi uz podršku lokalne zajednice Grada Rijeke s posljedičnim smanjenjem troškova skrbi i unaprjeđenjem kvalitete života i produljenja samostalnosti osoba starije životne dobi.
Development of a Web-Based Monitoring System for Power Tilt-in-Space Wheelchairs: Formative Evaluation
Authors: Campeau-Vallerand Charles , Michaud François , Routhier François , Archambault Philippe S , Létourneau Dominic , Gélinas-Bronsard Dominique , Auger Claudine
Published: September 2019

Background

In order to prevent pressure ulcers, wheelchair users are advised to regularly change position to redistribute or eliminate pressure between the buttocks region and the seat of the wheelchair. A power tilt-in-space wheelchair (allowing simultaneous pivoting of the seat and the backrest of the wheelchair toward the back or front) meets many clinical purposes, including pressure management, increased postural control, and pain management. However, there is a significant gap between the use of tilt as recommended by clinicians and its actual usage. A Web-based electronic health (eHealth) intervention, including a goal setting, monitoring, reminder, and feedback system of the use of power tilt-in-space wheelchairs was developed. The intervention incorporates behavior change principles to promote optimal use of tilt and to improve clinical postprocurement follow-up.

Objective

This study aimed to conduct a formative evaluation of the intervention prototype to pinpoint the functionalities needed by end users, namely, power wheelchair users and clinicians.

Methods

On the basis of an evaluation framework for Web-based eHealth interventions, semistructured interviews were conducted with power wheelchair users and clinicians. A content analysis was performed with a mix of emerging and a priori concepts.

Results

A total of 5 users of power tilt-in-space wheelchairs and 5 clinicians who had experience in the field of mobility aids aged 23 to 55 years were recruited. Participants found the Web interface and the physical components easy to use. They also appreciated the reminder feature that encourages the use of the tilt-in-space and the customization of performance goals. Participants requested improvements to the visual design and learnability of the Web interface, the customization of reminders, feedback about specific tilt parameters, and the bidirectionality of the interaction between the user and the clinician. They thought the current version of the intervention prototype could promote optimal use of the tilt and improve clinical postprocurement follow-up.

Conclusions

On the basis of the needs identified by power wheelchair users and clinicians regarding the prototype of a power tilt-in-space wheelchair monitoring system, 3 main directions were defined for future development of the intervention. Further research with new wheelchair users, manual tilt-in-space wheelchairs, various age groups, and family caregivers is recommended to continue the formative evaluation of the prototype.
Comparison of Clinical Outcomes of Persons Living With HIV by Enrollment Status in Washington, DC: Evaluation of a Large Longitudinal HIV Cohort Study (Preprint)
Authors: Opoku Jenevieve , Doshi Rupali K , Castel Amanda D , Sorensen Ian , Horberg Michael , Allston Adam , Kharfen Michael , Greenberg Alan E
Published: September 2019

BACKGROUND

HIV cohort studies have been used to assess health outcomes and inform the care and treatment of people living with HIV disease. However, there may be similarities and differences between cohort participants and the general population from which they are drawn.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this analysis was to compare people living with HIV who have and have not been enrolled in the DC Cohort study and assess whether participants are a representative citywide sample of people living with HIV in the District of Columbia (DC).

METHODS

Data from the DC Health (DCDOH) HIV surveillance system and the DC Cohort study were matched to identify people living with HIV who were DC residents and had consented for the study by the end of 2016. Analysis was performed to identify differences between DC Cohort and noncohort participants by demographics and comorbid conditions. HIV disease stage, receipt of care, and viral suppression were evaluated. Adjusted logistic regression assessed correlates of health outcomes between the two groups.

RESULTS

There were 12,964 known people living with HIV in DC at the end of 2016, of which 40.1% were DC Cohort participants. Compared with nonparticipants, participants were less likely to be male (68.0% vs 74.9%, P<.001) but more likely to be black (82.3% vs 69.5%, P<.001) and have a heterosexual contact HIV transmission risk (30.3% vs 25.9%, P<.001). DC Cohort participants were also more likely to have ever been diagnosed with stage 3 HIV disease (59.6% vs 47.0%, P<.001), have a CD4 <200 cells/µL in 2017 (6.2% vs 4.6%, P<.001), be retained in any HIV care in 2017 (72.9% vs 59.4%, P<.001), and be virally suppressed in 2017. After adjusting for demographics, DC Cohort participants were significantly more likely to have received care in 2017 (adjusted odds ratio 1.8, 95% CI 1.70-2.00) and to have ever been virally suppressed (adjusted odds ratio 1.3, 95% CI 1.20-1.40).

CONCLUSIONS

These data have important implications when assessing the representativeness of patients enrolled in clinic-based cohorts compared with the DC-area general HIV population. As participants continue to enroll in the DC Cohort study, ongoing assessment of representativeness will be required.
Prevalensi dan Evaluasi Kesesuaian Penggunaan Antibiotik pada Pasien dengan Infeksi Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus di RSUP Dr. Soeradji Tirtonegoro Klaten
Authors: Nuryah Atik , Yuniarti Nunung , Puspitasari Ika
Published: September 2019

Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) menjadi masalah kesehatan terkini di dunia terkait angka morbiditas dan mortalitas yang tinggi. Pola resistensi bakteri juga mengalami perubahan dari waktu ke waktu sehingga diperlukan data yang sistematis mengenai prevalensi dan pola kepekaan bakteri S. aureus untuk mencegah resistensi dan mendapatkan outcome klinik yang baik. Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui prevalensi MRSA dan kesesuaian penggunaan antibiotik terhadap outcome klinik pasien di RSUP Dr Soeradji Tirtonegoro Klaten. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan penelitian deskriptif dengan desain penelitian cohort study. Sebanyak 332 pasien yang terinfeksi S. aureus dan 31 pasien dengan infeksi MRSA untuk menentukan prevalensi MRSA, serta sebanyak 23 pasien untuk mengetahui hubungan kesesuaian penggunaan antibiotik terhadap outcome klinik pasien yang dianalisis dengan menggunakan Chi Square. Penelitian ini dilakukan di RSUP dr. Soeradji Tirtonegoro Klaten secara retrospektif periode Januari 2015 - Desember 2018. Hasil prevalensi MRSA terus meningkat dari tahun 2015 hingga tahun 2018 yaitu 7,69%, 5,63%, 10,85%, dan 12,94%, sedangkan hasil analisis statistik menunjukkan tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna antara penggunaan antibiotik terhadap clinical outcome dan hasil analisis bivariat terhadap karakteristik pasien menunjukkan usia (p=0,825), jenis kelamin (p=0.144), ruang perawatan (p=0,130), infeksi penyerta (p=0,704), dan ruang perawatan (p=0,602) juga tidak memiliki hubungan bermakna terhadap clinical outcome pada pasien dengan infeksi MRSA di RSUP Dr Soeradji Tirtonegoro Klaten.Kata Kunci: kesesuaian antibiotik, MRSA, RSUP Dr. Soeradji Tirtonegoro Klaten
Rights from the Other Side of the Line
Authors: Brown Owen
Published: September 2019

This paper discusses the theorising of human rights from a postcolonial perspective, a process that entails placing the dominant human rights discourse in its social and historical context, in order to highlight the ways in which human rights are discursively constructed and become naturalised. The definition of human rights is problematised through an examination of both the more traditional European viewpoints as voiced by such theorists as Hannah Arendt and Giorgio Agamben, and from the postcolonial perspectives of such writers as Boaventura de Sousa Santos, Vivienne Jabri as well as Siba N. Grovogui.  While readjusting the conception of human rights to one that expands beyond the borders of Western tradition and legalism to a recognition of how human rights are embedded in culture, it is hoped that such an analysis will broaden our understanding of the various definitions of human rights.
Human Rights Relations between Europe and Russia
Authors: Harbisch Amelie
Published: September 2019

There is a gap between the academic discourse’s acknowledgement of the importance of the question of diverging values in the relations between Russia and the European Union (EU), especially in the light of recent human rights cases, and the ongoing tendency of recent analyses of EU-Russia human rights relations to focus on rationalist cost-benefit accounts which leave out value interpretation issues. I seek to fill this gap by genealogically analyzing the origin of different human rights understandings of Europe and Russia and their constitution of the scope of foreign policy action. The results point to a high divergence of the meaning of human rights between the European Union and Russia as well as a high relevance of this divergence for both parties’ foreign action and identity formation.
FORMULATION AND COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF ONDANSETRON HYDROCHLORIDE MOUTH DISSOLVING TABLETS IN INDIA
Authors: RAHEEM T. ABDUL , SINGH RANJEET , HIREMATH AISHWARYA , NAYAK N. SHASHANK , KAMATH K. S. SHWETHA
Published: September 2019

Objective: The aim of the present study was to prepare the ondansetron hydrochloride Mouth Dissolving Tablets (MDTs) followed by its comparison with ethical and non-ethical (generic) marketed tablets.

Methods: Prior to the formulation, drug excipient compatibility study was carried out by FTIR spectroscopy. The λmax was determined by UV spectroscopy. The ondansetron hydrochloride MDTs were prepared by direct compression method using Sodium Starch Glycolate (SSG) as super disintegrant and camphor as a sublimating agent. Then the prepared MDTs were subjected to evaluation of post compression parameters such as thickness and diameter, weight variation, wetting time, hardness, friability, disintegration and dissolution. The results obtained were compared with that of ethical and non-ethical marketed ondansetron hydrochloride 4 mg tablets.

Results: The λmax was found at 310 nm. FTIR study revealed that excipients used in the prepared formulations are compatible with the drug. The thickness and diameter was in the range of 2.646 to 3.27 mm and 6.0 to 8.12 mm, respectively. Friability was in the range of 0.43 to 0.88 % and had a slightly higher friability (1.27%) for sublimated tablets. Wetting time and disintegration time were in the range of 15 to 40 sec and 23 to 50 sec, respectively. The 100 % drug release was found within 180 sec for all the codes. These results were then compared with non-ethical film coated ondansetron marketed tablets.

Conclusion: Ondansetron hydrochloride MDT 4 mg tablets prepared in the laboratory were under specified IP limits. The experimental findings demonstrated that any of these ethical and non-ethical tablets of ondansetron hydrochloride can be selected, advised by the physician or pharmacist, as per the patient’s need and economical status.
SOME MULTIFUNCTIONAL LIPID EXCIPIENTS AND THEIR PHARMACEUTICAL APPLICATIONS
Authors: DEVI RAJNI , AGARWAL SHWETA
Published: September 2019

This review is generally focussed on lipid-based excipients in solid oral formulations which increase its bioavailability. Several approaches have been used to deliver the drug efficiently in the body, and lipid excipients are one of the promising drug delivery systems which address challenges like solubility and bioavailability of water-soluble drugs. Lipids excipients can be tailored to meet a wide range of product requirements like disease indication, route of administration, stability, toxicity, and efficacy. This review discusses novel lipids like Compritol 888 ATO, Dynasan 114, and Precirol ATO 5 and how these can be employed for devicing efficient drug delivery models and thereby have used in cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries.
FORMULATION DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF ORALLY DISINTEGRATING TABLET OF CHLORPHENERAMINE MALEATE BY SUBLIMATION TECHNIQUE
Authors: BHOSALE NILESH R. , KOLTE NIKITA S.
Published: September 2019

Objective: Chlorpheneramine maleate is a first-generation antihistamine drug used in the treatment of allergic conditions like rhinitis, urticaria, and cough cold, etc. In present work, the challenge has been made to develop an orally disintegrating tablet of chlorpheneramine maleate with an increase in bioavailability and patient compliance.

Methods: The sublimation technique was used to prepare orally disintegrating tablets. Porous tablet prepared after sublimation of camphor at 60 °C in a hot air oven for 60 min. In the research work, 32full factorial design used to find out the effect of two variables like the amount of Crospovidone and Croscarmellose sodium.

Results: All prepared formulations were analyzed for various parameters. DSC of pure drug and optimized formulation A (9) showed purity of sample and compatibility of all ingredients with each other. In FTIR study of pure drug and optimized formulation A (9) no major shifts were seen. An optimized formulation (A9) was found to have good hardness (3.2 kg/cm2), friability (<1%), disintegration time (26 s), % drug release (99.77 %) within 6 min.

Conclusion: The result obtained showed that orally disintegrating tablet of chlorpheneramine maleate enhances dissolution rate, improves bioavailability which will improve patient compliance.
COMPARATIVE IN VITRO DISSOLUTION STUDY ON METFORMIN MARKET PRODUCTS USING DIFFERENT DISSOLUTION APPARATUSES
Authors: HASHEM HANAN M. , ABDOU AYA R. , MURSI NADIA M. , EMARA LAILA H.
Published: September 2019

Objective: This study was proposed to evaluate and compare the in vitro dissolution profiles of six Metformin Hydrochloride (MH) market products.

Methods: Different dissolution apparatuses (USP apparatus II, IV and beaker method) were used to evaluate the dissolution profiles (in phosphate buffer, pH 6.8) of two immediate release (IR) generic products of Metformin Hydrochloride (MH): Cidophage® 1000 mg (G1, Egyptian market) and Metformin arrow® 1000 mg (G2, French market) with respect to the reference products named Glucophage® 850 mg (R1, Egyptian market and R2, French market). In addition to a generic controlled-release (CR) product; Cidophage Retard® 850 mg (G3) versus the reference product; Glucophage XR® 1000 mg (R3) (both from Egyptian market). Dissolution efficiency (D. E.) and the similarity factor (f2) were calculated. Weight uniformity, hardness, tablet dimensions and MH content were measured.

Results: Results of the three apparatuses showed that MH IR products studied (reference and generics) did not meet the 75% USP 30 specifications for MH dissolved at 30 min. For MH CR products, Glucophage XR® did not fulfill the USP release criteria, while Cidophage Retard® did. USP apparatus IV revealed the highest sensitivity and discriminative capability.

Conclusion: Generally, MH IR generics (G1 and G2) might be interchangeable with the innovator product (Glucophage®). However, Cidophage Retard® might not be interchangeable with Glucophage XR®.
Transgressões ao estigma de mulher negra e projeções de um self ressignificado
Authors: Matos Allane De Souza Pedrotti
Published: September 2019

Com base no conceito de Estigma por Goffman (1988), este artigo se debruça sobre a narrativa gerada em entrevista com uma mulher negra que remonta seu trajeto de vida, distanciando-se do estigma imposto pela sociedade a uma mulher negra. Objetiva localizar e entender as marcas de ruptura ao estigma e os momentos de proteção de face e de projeção de self frente à transgressão a este destino normatizado. Para tal, a entrevista foi objeto de análise discursiva interacional, através de aparatos categóricos oferecidos pela sociolinguística interacional, com recorte da análise narrativa. Traz como resultado o esforço pela desconstrução dos signos estigmatizantes pela participante, que ressignifica as marcas e os estigmas sociais racistas sofridos por uma mulher negra.
Discurso e mídia: as discursivizações sobre o Piauí nos textos da revista Veja
Authors: Amaral Abraão Janderson dos Santos , Sousa Raimundo Isídio de
Published: September 2019

Esta pesquisa, fruto de uma monografia, teve o objetivo de analisar as discursivizações sobre o estado do Piauí nos textos que aludem a práticas políticas, presentes nas edições da revista Veja, no período de 2012 a 2017. Optou-se pelos textos da Veja, em função da importância de se compreender como o imaginário social do estado piauiense é construído em textos de circulação nacional. A metodologia da pesquisa enquadra-se como bibliográfica em relação ao objeto, descritiva e interpretativa quanto aos objetivos e de cunho qualitativo, devido à materialidade subjetiva do arquivo e à necessidade de apreensão deste por meio do aparato teórico. Para tanto, foram utilizados pressupostos teórico-metodológicos da Análise de Discurso, com base em Pêcheux (2014a; 2014b; 2014c), Pêcheux e Fuchs (2014), Orlandi (2003; 2015) e Mariani (2007; 1996). Verificou-se que Veja rearticula uma memória discursiva sobre o estado do Piauí, pela qual são construídos/mobilizados dois movimentos de sentido: os sentidos de generalização e de escassez. Além disso, são observados processos de subjetivação e de alusão ao estado, acionados por Veja, a fim de legitimar seus dizeres acerca de assuntos da política.
O professor de inglês e o livro didático: letramentos e representações sociais
Authors: Gomes Basoni Isabel Cristina , Reis Merlo Marianna Cardoso
Published: September 2019

Apesar da quase onipresença do livro didático na sala de aula de línguas estrangeiras, os estudos que se ocupam em analisá-lo e problematizá-lo são ainda incipientes em nosso país. Este artigo objetiva contribuir para tais estudos ao abordar as representações sociais do professor a partir da análise de um exemplar da coleção Alive!, aprovada pelo Programa Nacional do Livro e do Material Didático na avaliação de 2017. Nesta análise, intentamos investigar em que medida as propostas deste material contribuem para a representação social do educador como agente de letramento (KLEIMAN, 2006). Com base na concepção de letramentos como práticas sociais, abordamos questões referentes ao lugar reservado pelo material analisado aos sujeitos envolvidos no processo educacional. Esta análise aponta que as propostas trazidas pelo livro em questão têm por base uma visão sociodiscursiva de linguagem, o que pode possibilitar a atuação do professor como agente de letramento.
Hydrological modelling for ungauged basins of arid and semi-arid regions: review
Authors: Ghebrehiwot Anghesom A. , Kozlov Dmitriy V.
Published: September 2019

Introduction: hydrological modelling is a powerful tool for water resources planning, development, design, operation, and management in a catchment. It becomes more important when it is applied to areas that suffer from inadequate hydrological field data. The existing methods which are appropriate for predictions in ungauged basins include extrapolation from gauged to ungauged basins, remote sensing-based measurements, process-based hydrological models, and application of combined meteorological–hydrological models without the need to specify precipitation inputs. Nonetheless, numerous works indicate that these methods have had limitations when it comes to predictions from ungauged basins. Materials and methods: the methods employed in this work include a detailed review of related materials on the historical development, significance, classification, selection, and recent developments of hydrological modelling in ungauged basins with an emphasis on arid and semi-arid regions. Results: the review indicates that the development of comprehensive and effective approaches that address the unique characteristics of arid and semi-arid regions in general and similar areas within developing countries, in particular, are yet to be developed. Conclusions: in the absence of reliable hydrometeorological data, the best approach to streamflow predictions from ungauged basins and the considered catchment would be intercomparison of two or more hydrological models. The models accommodate global, regional, and local data (if any).
Mathematical apparatus for determination of homogenous scalar medium thermal resistance
Authors: Musorina, Tatiana A. , Petritchenko Michail R. , Zaborova Daria D.
Published: September 2019

Introduction: the article suggests a method for determining a thermal resistance of small and large-sized areas (one-dimensional and multidimensional problems) of wall enclosure. The subject of the study is the thermal resistance of homogeneous scalar medium (homogeneous wall enclosure). The aim is the determination of thermal resistance of a wall structure for areas of arbitrary dimension (by the coordinates xi, where 1 ≤ i ≤ d and d is the area dimension) filled with a scalar (homogeneous and isotropic) heat-conducting medium.

Materials and methods: the article used the following physical laws: Fourier law (the value of the heat flow when transferring heat through thermal conductivity) and continuity condition for the heat flow rate leading to the thermal conductivity equation.

Results: this method extends the standard definition of thermal resistance. The research proved that the active thermal resistance does not increase with increasing of the area dimension (for example, when switching from a thin shell or plate to a rectangle with length and width of the same order of magnitude). That is the sense of geometric inclusion, i.e., increase of the dimension of an area filled with a homogeneous isotropic medium. Evident expressions are obtained for the determination of active, reactive, and total thermal resistance. It is proved that the total resistance is higher than the active resistance since the reactive resistance is positive, and the wall possesses an ability to suppress the temperature fluctuations and accumulate/give up the heat.

Conclusions: the appearance of an additional wall dimension (comparable length-to-thickness ratio) does not increase its active resistance. In the general case, the total thermal resistance exceeds the active thermal resistance no more than four times. Geometric inclusions must be considered in the calculation of wall enclosures that are variant from one-dimensional bodies.
Technical and economic issues of creation of eco-industrial parks in the field of waste water treatment tails recycling
Authors: Zhukov Vladislav V. , Tskhovrebov Eduard S. , Shevchenko Andrey S. , Velichko Evgeny G. , Perevedentsev Sergey V. , Shkanov Sergey I.
Published: September 2019

Introduction: the article provides with a comprehensive assessment is given on causes of the situation and ways of solving one of topical ecological, technological and economic problems, i.e., recycling wastewater treatment tails, settled sludge. The paper suggested scientifically substantiated variants on forming an infrastructure on recycling such a waste as eco-industrial parks in the field of the park’s wastewater treatment tails recycling and involvement of secondary material and energy resources obtained from such waste in economic turnover.

Materials and methods: the article analyzed international and domestic publications on wastewater treatment, methods, and technologies of further use of secondary resources from the treated sludge sediment. The secondary resources are used for the production of various goods, performing activities, obtaining energy as well as the creation of eco-industrial parks on recycling the given waste in Russia and abroad. The research suggested a system analysis of methods, ways, and algorithms for solving the set problem was suggested as a research method.

Results: the article elaborated the priorities of treating the settled sludge as a valuable secondary material for the most technically feasible, ecological and cost-effective involvement of such wastes in economic turnover in the scope of advanced planning an infrastructure on waste treatment, recycling, and neutralization in Russia. The practical implications of the research consists of an integrated solution to the problem of wastewater treatment. That includes recycling of its tails, the involvement of the treated waste as secondary resources in economic turnover for use in various industries of the economy with creation of innovation industrial and technological infrastructure, an eco-industrial park on waste recycling.

Conclusions: the scientific novelty of this work is that it suggests the scientific approach to the formation of methodological principles of creating an eco-industrial park system:

• system analysis of the first results of the creation of domestic eco-industrial park system;

• comprehensive assessment of eco-industrial park development prospects in Russia;

• ‘eco-industrial park’ concern substantiation;

• development of a system of criteria (organizational, jural, economic, industrial and technological) defining the ‘eco-industrial park’ as a subject of jural, economic and other social relations;

• formation of approaches to the composition of eco-industrial park participants in the field of integrated recycling of the park’s wastewater treatment tails in following the purposes of its creation.
Implementasi Pendidikan Inklusi dalam Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam
Authors: Nurhadisah Nurhadisah
Published: September 2019

SD Negeri (public elementary school) 25 Banda Aceh is one of the schools that join together children with special needs with normal children in one class in every school subject including Islamic religious education. This practice may cause teachers to encounter difficulties in teaching children with special needs; moreover, other problems also occur such as the limited number of teachers of Islamic religious education, inadequate facilities, and so forth. The focus of this research was related to the implementation, the role of teachers, as well as the constraints and solutions of the Islamic religious education teachers in performing the teaching and learning process at SD Negeri 25 Banda Aceh. This qualitative research employed a descriptive research approach. The data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results showed that the implementation of Islamic religious education learning for children with special needs was based on the 2013 curriculum. The modified curriculum was then grouped into the modifications of learning time allocation, learning materials, and the teaching and learning process of the children with special needs. The methods employed by the teachers were relatively similar to regular children such as memorization, lecture, question and answer, group work, demonstration, and practice. However, children with special needs also required further assistance and motivation. These children would also need a special escort teacher during the teaching and learning process. The roles of the teachers in implementing inclusive education included being correctors, inspirators, informers, organizers, motivators, initiators, facilitators, mentors, demonstrators, classroom managers, supervisors, mediators, and evaluators. In addition, teachers used learning tools and media to support students' understanding, especially in Islamic education learning. The obstacles faced by the teachers were due to the different abilities and characters of the students that made the teachers become very difficult in delivering the materials, the limited number of the teachers, the nonoptimal use of media, facilities, and infrastructure, and lack of study hours. The solutions to these issues included teachers being equipped with a guideline for handling children's special needs by making adjustments of time, manner, and material, and building togetherness, equality, and respect among fellow students.
Manajemen Pembelajaran Tauhid Pada Madrasah Aliyah Swasta Jabal Nur Dan Dayah Madinatuddiniyah Jabal Nur
Authors: Arifin Yuzi
Published: September 2019

This research is aimed to know: 1) planning of learning Akidah-Tauhid in MAS Jabal Nur and Dayah Madinatuddiniyah Jabal Nur, 2) the implementation of learning Akidah-Tauhid in MAS Jabal Nur and Dayah Madinatuddiniyah Jabal Nur, 3) the assesment of learning Akidah-Tauhid in MAS Jabal Nur and Dayah Madinatuddiniyah Jabal Nur. This research was conducted in MAS Jabal Nur and Dayah Madinatuddiniyah Jabal Nur to trial the instrument and conduct the research. Populations in this research are the students from grade X MAS Jabal Nur which consists of 4 classes, grade XI MAS Jabal Nur which consists of 4 classes, grade XII MAS Jabal Nur which consists of 3 classes, 2 teachers of subject Akidah-Tauhid in MAS Jabal Nur and 5 teungku of subject Akidah-Tauhid in Dayah Madinatuddiniyah Jabal Nur. The result of data analysis showed that the planning of Akidah-Tauhid in MAS Jabal Nur the teacher paid attention to some steps of planning. Otherwise, in Dayah Madinatuddiniyah Jabal Nur was applied curriculum of dayah salafi. In Dayah Madinatuddiniyah Jabal Nur is aided the method of reading classical book which distinguish between MAS and Dayah Madinatuddiniyah Jabal Nur. There is similarity of assesment of learning Akidah-Tauhid in conducting test/exam to know the development of student intellectual, the only differences is the form of questions between MAS and Dayah Madinatuddiniyah Jabal Nur.
O cárcere como instrumento de gestão penal da pobreza
Authors: Oliveira Victória Maria Américo de , Paulo Alexandre Ribas de
Published: September 2019

RESUMOO presente artigo propõe uma análise crítica acerca do cárcere e seus efeitos no tratamento estatal dado à população socialmente vulnerável, traçando uma relação entre o Estado Social e o Estado Penal. Questionando o interesse que norteia a (in)eficácia do sistema prisional e como ele se legitima socialmente através de um discurso político de segurança pública amparado pelo pânico propagado pelos meios de comunicação, pretende-se expor a seletividade tanto da normal penal quanto do sistema criminal, que, somadas, resultam na construção do perfil do delinquente e no encarceramento em massa dos pobres. A partir de uma exposição crítica, almeja-se fomentar o debate do papel da criminalização da pobreza na gestão das ilegalidades pelos interessados nos produtos do cárcere.PALAVRAS-CHAVEDireito Penal. Criminologia. Sistema Penal. Seletividade. Pobreza. ABSTRACTThis article proposes a critical analysis about the prison and its effects on the state treatment given to the socially vulnerable population, drawing a relationship between the Social State and the Criminal State. Questioning the interest that governs the (in) effectiveness of the prison system and how it legitimizes itself socially through a political discourse of public security supported by the panic propagated by the mass media, it is intended to expose the selectivity of both the normal criminal and the criminal system, which, together, result in the construction of the delinquent profile and the mass incarceration of the poor. From a critical exposition, it is hoped to foment the debate of the role of the criminalization of poverty in the management of illegalities by those interested in the products of prisonKEYWORDSCriminal law. Criminology. Penal system. Selectivity. Poverty.
Kelsen entre a construção da moldura e o conteúdo da norma fundamental
Authors: Lima Helder Gonçalves , Catão Adrualdo Lima
Published: September 2019

RESUMOO presente tem como finalidade analisar a obra “Teoria Pura do Direito”, de Hans Kelsen, numa visão mais contemporânea, mediante uma análise do propósito encampado pelo autor de Viena e que, por vezes, é pouco compreendido no cenário jurídico brasileiro. Para tanto, o estudo compreenderá conceitos firmados pelo autor, numa busca por explicar os conceitos que ensinou sobre a moldura e a questão da norma fundamental. Assim, a intenção é disseminar os estudos de Kelsen na perspectiva atual, haja vista ter influência não somente no seio acadêmico, mas também na jurisprudência por meio de sua visão de aplicação do direito.PALAVRAS-CHAVETeoria do Direito. Hans Kelsen. Interpretação. Aplicação. Norma fundamental. ABSTRACTThe purpose of this paper is to analyze Hans Kelsen's book "Pure Theory of Law", in a more modern way, through an analysis of the purpose of the Vienna author and which is sometimes little understood in the Brazilian legal context. For this, the study will include concepts signed by the author, in a search to explain the concepts he taught about the framework and the question of the basic norm. Thus, the intention is to disseminate Kelsen's studies in the current perspective, since it has influenced not only in the academic sphere but also in court decisions through his vision of the application of law.KEYWORDSLegal theory. Hans Kelsen. Interpretation. Application. Basic norm.
“A purificação do jurídico” na História do Direito (em homenagem a Alfonso García-Gallo)
Authors: Martiré Eduardo
Published: September 2019

RESUMOEste artigo foi escrito em homenagem ao historiador espanhol Alfonso García-Gallo e aborda o processo de “purificação do jurídico” na História do Direito. Trata-se de linha metodológica que afirma ser dever da História do Direito se ocupar apenas do aspecto jurídico das instituições e estudá-las por um método jurídico usado pelo jurista de seu tempo juntamente com o método histórico. Há explanação sobre a necessidade de o historiador que trabalha com História do Direito ter sólida formação histórica e conhecimento jurídico para que o caráter preciso do direito e suas terminologias sejam conservadas e não se confunda o Direito com toda a vida social em que está inserido.PALAVRAS-CHAVEHistória do Direito. Alfonso García-Gallo. Formação do historiador.ABSTRACTThis article was written in homage to the Spanish historian Alfonso García-Gallo and discusses the process of "purification of the legal" in legal history. This is a methodological line that claims to be the duty of legal history to occupy only the legal aspect of the institutions and to study them by a legal method used by the jurist of its time along with the historical method. The work aims to address the need for the historian who works with legal history to have solid historical background and legal knowledge so that the precise character of the law and its terminologies are preserved and does not confuse the Law with all social life in which it is inserted.KEYWORDSLegal history. Alfonso García-Gallo. Historian’s education.
Problemas que uma característica essencial dos direitos humanos apresenta para a filosofia do direito
Authors: Hervada Javier
Published: September 2019

RESUMOEste artigo apresenta a reivindicação, por parte dos direitos humanos, da sua condição anterior ao direito positivo e as oposições por eles sofridas no âmbito da filosofia do direito. Considerando-se as diversas ocasiões e teorias em que se contemplou uma dimensão jurídica natural anterior à dimensão estritamente positiva do direito, busca-se arrazoar a necessidade de concebê-lo de forma a abranger também a realidade dos direitos humanos. Observam-se, ainda, as condições de existência dos direitos humanos e da personalidade jurídica diante das noções natural e cultural do direito, a fim de que não somente se resolvam as frequentes inconsistências teóricas, mas também que se reconheçam os direitos humanos como realidade ligada à própria dignidade humana.PALAVRAS-CHAVEDireitos humanos. Filosofia do direito. Direito natural. Direito cultural. Personalidade jurídica. ABSTRACTThis article presents the claim by human rights on its preceding condition in relation to positive law and the opposition it experiences in the field of philosophy of law. Considering several occasions and theories in which natural law, as a universe preceding strict positive law, has been contemplated, the article attempts to reason on the necessity of conceiving law in a way of encompassing the reality of human rights as well. The conditions of existence of human rights and legal personality in accordance to the naturalistic and cultural notions of law are also observed in order not only to solve theoretical inconsistencies but also to recognize human rights as a reality connected to human dignity itself.KEYWORDSHuman rights. Philosophy of law. Natural law. Cultural law. Legal personality.
Curadoria: que "negócio" é esse?
Authors: Hill Marcos
Published: September 2019

O presente ensaio tem como objetivo contextualizar o fenômeno que transformou o curador no principal protagonista de eventos de arte contemporânea produzidos no circuito artístico internacional, a partir da década de 1980. Tentando identificar quais seriam os conteúdos necessários à boa formação deste profissional, o texto cita exemplos importantes tanto de exposições quanto de organizadores, verificando, no momento atual, qual seria o papel de um curador diante da realidade geopolítica e cultural de um país como o Brasil.AbstractThe principal aim of this essay is to contextualize the phenomenon which had transformed the curator into a protagonist, in quite all events of contemporary art produced, since the 1980’s, in the international main stream,. This text mentions remarkable examples of exhibitons and their organizators, trying to identify what issues should be necessary to supplement the formation of a curator as well as verifying now-a-days what should be the role of a curator, considering the geopolitics and the cultural reality of countries such as Brazil.