bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Autonomous Identity-Based Threat Segmentation in Zero Trust Architectures
Authors: Ahmadi Sina
Published: January 2025

Zero Trust Architectures (ZTA) fundamentally redefine network security by adopting a "trust nothing, verify everything" approach that requires identity verification for all access. Conventional discrete access control measures have proven inadequate since they do not consider evolving user activities and contextual threats, leading to internal threats and enhanced attacks. This research applies the proposed AI-driven, autonomous, identity-based threat segmentation in ZTA, along with real-time identity analytics for fine-grained, real-time mechanisms. Some of the sharp practices include using the behavioral analytics approach to provide real-time risk scores, such as analyzing the patterns used for logging into the system, the access sought, and the resources used. Permissions are adjusted using machine learning models that take into account context-aware factors like geolocation, device type, and access time. Automated threat segmentation helps analysts identify multiple compromised identities in real-time, thus minimizing the likelihood of a breach advancing. The system's use cases are based on real scenarios; for example, insider threats in global offices demonstrate how compromised accounts are detected and locked. This work outlines measures to address privacy issues, false positives, and scalability concerns. This research enhances the security of other critical areas of computer systems by providing dynamic access governance, minimizing insider threats, and supporting dynamic policy enforcement while ensuring that the needed balance between security and user productivity remains a top priority. We prove via comparative analyses that the model is precise and scalable.
Titanium Dioxide and Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction: A Detailed Review of the Current Status and Future Prospects
Authors: Nematov Dilshod
Published: January 2025

A significant amount of carbon dioxide is released into the atmosphere as a result of the extensive usage of fossil fuels. The photocatalytic reduction and conversion of CO2 under visible light into alternative renewable solar fuels or other oxygenated products (methane, formaldehyde, methanol, and formic acid) are practical and efficient methods for reducing atmospheric carbon pollution. Functional materials containing titanium dioxide (TiO2) have attracted significant interest for the photocatalytic reduction of CO2. In this direction, many studies have been conducted in recent years, especially on solar energy harvesting and the charge separation, adsorption, activation, and reduction of CO2 on enhanced TiO2. Recent studies have shown that brookite TiO2 (BT) was the most active photocatalyst, followed by rutile and anatase. Therefore, this study aims to review in detail the recent advances in the development of selective and active catalysts for photocatalytic CO2 reduction using titanium dioxide with a brookite structure. Therefore, a review is provided to evaluate the most common methods for obtaining BT. Then, developed engineering strategies such as doping with metallic or non-metallic heteroatoms, addition of a co-catalyst, formation of heterojunctions, and other algorithms to improve the CO2 reduction mechanism are discussed. The influence of another phase and crystal facets on the photocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction are discussed in detail. The problems associated with BT-based photocatalysts, namely, their modest visible-light absorption, slow interfacial charge separation, and poor surface catalytic dynamics, are further discussed, along with possible solutions. To stimulate additional research in this field, the difficulties and potential advantages of photocatalytic CO2 conversion methods are discussed.
Impact of Gender Identity Field in the Veterans Health Administration Electronic Health Record, 2016‒2023
Authors: Leder Sarah M. , McConnell A. Alex , Lamba Shane , Sonnier Chava , Matza Alexis R. , Meriwether Wyatt E. , Brown George R. , Shipherd Jillian C. , Kauth Michael R. , Jones Kenneth T.
Published: January 2025

Objectives. To distinguish differences in physical and mental health between transgender and gender-diverse (TGD) veterans identified via diagnostic codes, self-identification, and their combination.

Methods. We used sociodemographic characteristics and physical and mental health diagnoses for TGD veterans receiving care in Veterans Health Administration (VHA).

Results. Among the cohort of 12 745 TGD veterans, 69.3% were identified solely using self-reported gender identity data, 23.4% were identified using only TGD-related diagnostic codes, and 7.2% had both TGD-related diagnostic codes and gender identity data in their medical record. TGD veterans identified using self-reported gender identity data were younger and more racially and ethnically diverse compared with those identified with only diagnostic codes. Across nearly all independently examined health conditions, TGD veterans identified via self-reported gender identity were at lower risk compared with those identified via diagnostic codes.

Conclusions. Inferences drawn from studies of TGD veteran health may be significantly impacted by choice of methodology for defining the TGD veteran cohort. New analyses using self-reported gender identity data, as opposed to diagnostic codes, are critical to understand the health of this population within VHA. ( Am J Public Health. 2025;115(3):403–413. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2024.307920 )
KONFLIK BATIN TOKOH UTAMA DALAM NOVEL SRI KUNING KARYA R. HARDJOWIROGO (Kajian Psikologi Sastra)
Authors: Ratri Tanti Sekar , Sri Harti Widyastuti  , Mulyana
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan 1) perwatakan tokoh utama Srikuning dan Sudjana dalam novel Sri Kuning karangan R. Hardjowirogo; 2) wujud konflik batin, 3) faktor yang menyebabkan serta 4) cara tokoh mengatasi konfliknya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan psikologi sastra Sigmund Freud yaitu berhubungan dengan id, ego, dan superego. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan studi pustaka dengan membaca secara cermat berulang-ulang. Hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan adalah 1) watak Srikuning: centil, tegas, bijaksana, dll, watak Sudjana: terampil berkelahi, berhati-hati, jujur dll. 2) wujud konflik batin Srikuning: marah, sedih, pertentangan batin, dll sedangkan Sudjana: marah, sedih, tidak tega dll. 3) Faktor yang menyebabkan konflik batin Srikuning akan dijodohkan dengan Subagja dan Bendara Juru, disakiti oleh Subagja, dll sedangkan Sudjana: mendengar ucapan yang menyakitkan, difitnah oleh Bendara Juru dan Surasentika dll. 4) Cara Srikuning mengatasi konflik dengan agresi langsung, pengalihan dan  rasionalisasi, sedangkan Sudjana mengatasinya dengan regresi dan rasionalisasi.
EVALUASI KUALITAS VIDEO PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA MANDARIN DI SOSIAL
Authors: Harlin Chory Ningtyas  , Daniel Ginting
Published: January 2025

Video pembelajaran bahasa Mandarin di platform online seperti YouTube semakin populer dalam pendidikan, namun masih memerlukan evaluasi terhadap penerapan teori multimedia untuk pembelajaran yang efektif. Penelitian ini mengevaluasi video dari channel "Mandarin Corner" berdasarkan prinsip-prinsip teori multimedia dengan fokus pada beban kognitif. Hasil menunjukkan sebagian besar video-video pada channel YouTube Mandarin Corner tersebut telah menerapkan prinsip-prinsip redundansi dan koherensi, namun masih memiliki keterbatasan dalam penerapan prinsip modalitas dan kontiguitas. Implikasi penelitian ini menyoroti perlunya peningkatan elemen visual dan auditori dalam desain pembelajaran online untuk memperkaya pengalaman belajar. Keterbatasan penelitian termasuk jumlah sampel terbatas dan fokus pada analisis data checklist binary, yang membatasi generalisasi hasil pada konteks video yang dievaluasi.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF USING 3G WEB-BASED QUIZ FOR LEARNING SIMPLE PAST TENSES AT X GRADE OF SMAN 4 KOTA BLITAR
Authors: Yuli Wahyuning Tyas  , Hesty Puspita Sari  , Nita Sutanti  , Supriyono
Published: January 2025

Understanding tenses, particularly the Simple Past Tense, is essential for students' proficiency in English, yet many struggle due to the differences between English and Indonesian grammar. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the 3G Web-Based Quiz in enhancing the learning of the Simple Past Tense among students of Class X at SMAN 4 Kota Blitar. This study uses a pre-experimental design with a one-group pretest-posttest methodology. Purposive sampling was used to select 36 students from SMAN 4 Kota Blitar's Class X J. Students' scores from before and after the treatment were compared to determine how effective the web-based quiz was. The student's performance significantly improved, as evidenced by the post-test results, with the average pre-test score of 61.03 increasing to 82.94 in the post-test. Statistical analysis using a paired sample t-test revealed a calculated significance value (Sig. 2-tailed) of 0.001, indicating < α 0.05. Therefore, Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted. This means that the pre-test and post-test scores differ significantly, indicating that 3G web-based quizzes effectively improve the learning achievement of Simple past tenses of class X students at SMAN 4 Blitar. The findings support the conclusion that 3G Web-Based Quizzes effectively improve the learning outcomes of the Simple Past Tense among high school students, making them a valuable tool for educators looking to improve grammar instruction.
"MOM, I CAN SPEAK ENGLISH!": CASE STUDY OF THE USE OF FLASHCARDS ON EARLY CHILDHOOD CHILDREN
Authors: Siti Mafulah  , Ni Nyoman Ayu Shri Smertini Adhi
Published: January 2025

Children language acquisition is depended on the learning situation, engagement, and the use of media. Therefore, this study investigates the use of flashcards as media on children ‘s vocabulary mastery. This study focused on the children’s, parents, and teacher’s perception. This study used qualitative research design. To obtain data, observation and interview were applied. The observation was done during the teaching learning process while interview for the children was given whenever the children were in a good mood. The findings revealed the challenges and benefits of using flashcards for early childhood learning. Children showed strong involvement and retention when they were engaged in the learning process using flashcards. Besides, the combination between the use of flashcards and games made the learning process more interactive. The teacher emphasized the usefulness of flashcards to enhance participation and memory retention. Besides, based on the parents’ point of view, the use of Flashcards is flexible and helps children in speeding up the language acquisition. The study presents new insights into effective language teaching techniques for early childhood with a focus on cognitive needs as well as specific developmental needs of children. It is recommended to use flashcards for educators and parents who want to improve their early childhood language learning experience.
Pro-cognitive restoration of experience-dependent parvalbumin inhibitory neuron plasticity in neurodevelopmental disorders
Authors: Sahay Amar , Shih Yu-Tzu , Alipio Jason , Klaft Zin-Juan , Green Nathaniel , Wong Lai Ping , Sadreyev Ruslan , Hyun Jung Ho , Dulla Chris
Published: January 2025

The hippocampus forms memories of our experiences by registering processed sensory information in coactive populations of excitatory principal cells or ensembles. Fast-spiking parvalbumin-expressing inhibitory neurons (PV INs) in the dentate gyrus (DG)-CA3/CA2 circuit contribute to memory encoding by exerting precise temporal control of excitatory principal cell activity through mossy fiber-dependent feed-forward inhibition. PV INs respond to input-specific information by coordinating changes in their intrinsic excitability, input-output synaptic-connectivity, synaptic-physiology and synaptic-plasticity, referred to here as experience-dependent PV IN plasticity, to influence hippocampal functions. PV IN impairments in early life, when neural circuitry is highly sensitive to experience-dependent refinement, are thought to result in imbalanced excitation and inhibition, impaired cognition, network hyperexcitability and seizures: hallmarks of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) such as Autism Spectrum Disorder and epilepsy. Discovery of transcriptional regulators of experience-dependent PV IN plasticity in the adult hippocampus may permit reversal of these developmental impairments. Here, in a screen designed to capture the PV IN intrinsic program induced by increased mossy fiber inputs, a trigger for experience-dependent PV IN plasticity, we identify the homeobox gene Meis2 as a regulator of experience-dependent PV IN plasticity gene (XPG) in the adult DG-CA3/CA2 circuit. We found that a significant number of upregulated XPGs also exhibit haploinsufficiency in ASDs, epilepsies, and schizophrenia. We demonstrate that virally-mediated rescue of experience-dependent Meis2 upregulation in CA3/CA2 PV INs in a NDD risk mouse model in adulthood is sufficient to restore experience-dependent PV IN plasticity, spatial and social memory, ensemble specificity, suppression of network hyperexcitability and seizures. Together, these findings suggest that experience-dependent PV IN plasticity is a convergent mechanism for NDD risk genes that can be re-instated in adulthood to reverse developmental deficits in circuitry, network excitability and cognition.
RETRACTED: Preparation And Identification of Some New Unsaturated Ketone Derivatives of Clotrimazole
Authors: Shanwa Ali Hussein , Mohasein Raheem Jameel
Published: January 2025

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Survival Rate Prediction in glioblastoma Patients Using Machine learning
Authors: Hachimy Ichraq El , ELallid Badr Ben , Hontecillas-Prieto Lourdes , Benamar Nabil , Hajji Nabil
Published: January 2025

Glioblastoma, an aggressive form of brain cancer, continues to pose significant challenges, with median survival rates ranging from 12 to 18 months despite ongoing advances in treatment. Traditional survival prediction models predominantly rely on non-omic data, such as MRI, PET, and CT scans, which often lack the granularity to uncover molecular biomarkers crucial for guiding personalized therapeutic strategies. In this study, we introduce a novel methodology focused solely on omic data for survival prediction in glioblastoma patients. Our approach integrates genomic features, including G-CIMP methylation, gene expression subtypes, and IDH1 mutation. Utilizing a robust dataset comprising 577 patient records and 22 features, we implement a deep learning model based on Transformer architecture. The model incorporates positional encoding to capture complex temporal relationships in survival data and leverages the Cox proportional hazards framework for survival analysis.
Our results demonstrate a high concordance index (C-index) of 87% and an integrated Brier score (IBS) of 0.05 that further
validates the model’s predictive accuracy. We highlight the influence of critical genomic features on survival predictions. This approach represents a significant advancement in leveraging omic data and modern machine learning techniques to enhance the accuracy and reliability of glioblastoma prognosis, offering promising implications for personalized treatment strategies and improved patient outcomes.
Performance analysis of Coded Orthogonal Time Sequency Multiplexing Modulation
Authors: Nishanthi G. , Author) G. Ananthi(Corresponding
Published: January 2025

This paper analyzes the performance of Coded OTSM, particularly its error rate compared to standard OTSM modulation. OTSMM leverages time division and Walsh Hadamard multiplexing to efficiently transmit information symbols in high-mobility wireless systems. By integrating LDPC codes within OTSM, error detection and correction are enhanced, leading to improved error correction capabilities. The results demonstrate that Coded OTSM achieves a significantly lower bit error rate, outperforming traditional OTSM modulation.
Low-RCS Broadband Miniaturized Polarization Conversion Metasurface Array Antenna Based on Capacitive Loading Technology
Authors: Sun JianDong , Guo Meng , Zou Yiyan
Published: January 2025

This paper introduces a capacitive loading method used to design a polarization conversion metasurface(PCMS) array antenna. This method addresses the compatibility challenges of traditional low-RCS antennas concerning broadband circular polarization radiation, broadband scattering suppression, and aperture miniaturization. The core of the capacitive loading technique is the double-layer patch structure of the PCMS. First, the patches are designed with corner-cutting, which simultaneously excites two orthogonally polarized degenerate modes. This improves the circular polarization purity of the array elements and broadens the axial ratio bandwidth of the array antenna. Additionally, the patches feature cross-shaped slots, and the double-layer patches are interconnected by vertical metal pillars. This configuration increases grid capacitance and introduces parallel capacitance, which lowers the resonant frequency of the metasurface (MTS) radiator, thereby achieving miniaturization. It is noteworthy that this method has minimal impact on the reflection characteristics of the PCMS. Consequently, the radiator of the PCMS array antenna adopts a chessboard layout. The 180° phase difference between the PCMS and the grounded substrate is utilized for phase cancellation, resulting in broadband RCS reduction. The array size of the PCMS array antenna using the capacitive loading method is 3×3. The simulated and measured results are consistent, indicating that the antenna aperture size is only 1.33λ0 × 1.33λ0 × 0.0984λ0, with a working bandwidth of 40.91%. Furthermore, the RCS reduction bandwidth spans the C, X, and Ku bands.
Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Assessment (Psha) for the Territory of Uzbekistan
Authors: Jumaev Doston
Published: January 2025

The research aims to contribute to the development of a more accurate and reliable local seismic hazard map that aligns with international standards. The assessment follows the probabilistic approach to evaluate ground motion levels at various observation sites within a study region, focusing on the probability of exceeding specific intensities over a given period (50 years). The process assumes each seismic source is independent and that earthquake occurrences follow a Poisson process. Each source is characterized by its geometric properties (size, location, orientation) and its temporal occurrence behavior (e.g., maximum magnitude, Gutenberg-Richter parameters). Geometric properties are derived from earthquake records, geological and tectonic data while temporal behaviors are calibrated from past seismicity using a comprehensive earthquake catalog. The maximum acceleration value across the map for the design return period, approximately 0.5g, was observed in the Gazli area, which is significantly higher than previous results. The maximum difference between the two alternative methods (classical integration and simulation-based) for the design return period was about 0.05g. The effect of the GMPEs (Ground Motion Prediction Equations) on the results is substantial, showing up to a 0.1g difference when they are changed. It is the first time that the seismic hazard for the region has been evaluated using a finer discretization of 5 km and employing various methodologies, including classical-integration and simulation-based approaches. Limited alternative version of models are used and therefore, the usage of the several alternative models and GMPEs would be beneficial to reduce epistemic uncertainty.
Takagi Sugeno Kang Fuzzy Elliptic Type-2 CMAC Using Improved Particle Swarm Optimization for Nonlinear Systems
Authors: Huynh Tuan-Tu
Published: January 2025

This study aims to develop a new efficient neural network called Takagi Sugeno Kang fuzzy elliptic type-2 cerebellar model articulation controller (TSKFET2C) using improved particle swarm optimization for nonlinear systems. For identification and prediction problems, the TSKFET2C is used as the main identifier and the main predictor, respectively. The learning laws for the system parameters are established for all rules of the proposed structure based on the gradient descent algorithm and the minimization of the cost function. For the control problem, the TSKFET2C is used as the main controller and an auxiliary controller is used to eliminate the residual error. The stability of the control system is guaranteed by Lyapunov theory. Moreover, an improved particle swarm optimization is employed to achieve optimal learning rates for updating the parameters of the TSKFET2C. Finally, the proposed TSKFET2C is applied to three types of nonlinear systems to illustrate its performance and effectiveness.
Characterization of Physicochemical, Functional and Antioxidant Properties of Proso Millet (Panicum Miliaceum)
Authors:   Department of Foods and Nutrition, College of Community Science, Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University, Rajendranagar-500030, Hyderabad, Telangana, India., Verma Riddhi , Karakannavar Sarojani J. ,   Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Community Science, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad-580005, Karnataka, India.
Published: January 2025

Proso millet (Panicum miliaceum) is an underutilized minor millet traditionally
consumed as bird feed but nowadays, because of an increase in awareness about the health
benefits of millet, the demand for millet products is increasing in the market. Millets are
gluten-free, have a low glycemic index, and possess many functional and nutraceutical
properties. The physicochemical and functional properties of millets are quite different from
the cereals as millets are gluten-free which can be a challenge to develop new products with
millets substituting the cereals in the formulations. The millet flour properties such as
physical, functional and nutrient components affect the product's processing steps and
quality. Hence, the present study was conducted to analyze the physicochemical and
functional properties of proso millet grain and its flour. The study found that the proso millet
grains were small, oval in shape, and yellow in colour. The L * , a * and b * values were 76.25,
5.20, and 27.83 respectively. The water absorption capacity, oil absorption capacity, and
swelling capacity of the proso millet flour were 1.15 g/g, 1.16 g/g, and 4.51 ml/g with a good
amount of protein (12.10%) and crude fiber (5.55%). Tannin content was 228.24 mg tannic
acid equivalent per 100 g, total phenolic content was 25.17 mg gallic acid equivalent per 100
g and 45.17 per cent DPPH inhibition activity. It can be concluded that proso millet can be a
nutritious gluten-free functional ingredient with good physical properties and nutrients. Proso
millet has the potential properties and it can be incorporated into different food product
formulations to make them more nutritious.
Plantando Sorrisos – Momento X: revitalização de um parque na cidade de Frutal-MG
Authors: SIQUEIRA Marcos Vinicius Bohrer Monteiro , FERREIRA Osania Emerenciano , CABESTRÉ Rafaela , ABJAR Vitória Colognesi , SILVA José Eduardo Lioti da
Published: January 2025

A inclusão de grupos minoritários ou socialmente marginalizados dentro das atividades de educação ambiental pode trazer influência positiva na rotina desses indivíduos e das comunidades, além de favorecer o meio ambiente. O objetivo do Plantando Sorrisos – Momento 10 – foi realizar o plantio de 180 mudas nativas no Bairro Waldemar Marchi, em Frutal (MG), com a participação de crianças e jovens dos projetos sociais Delfina Luiza do Carmo e Duque de Caxias. No dia do evento, o local foi isolado pela Defesa Civil, e tambores de lixo foram distribuídos para a coleta de resíduos. Também foram instaladas barracas e disponibilizadas cadeiras para o conforto dos participantes. Após a abertura solene, houve um workshop para crianças e adolescentes sobre educação ambiental, entrega de cartões com sementes e animação com um palhaço e duas mascotes. Além do plantio e da adubação, ocorreu o posicionamento de condutores e a rega. A ação teve impacto positivo nos projetos sociais e na comunidade do bairro Waldemar Marchi. O Plantando Sorrisos atingiu seus objetivos de reintegração social, educação ambiental e possibilitou a rearborização de uma área importante para a cidade.
Evaluation of cardiac troponin I as a predictor of clinical outcomes in cattle treated for bovine respiratory disease (BRD) in commercial feedyards
Authors: Mancke Madeline R. , Lubbers Brian V. , Bortoluzzi Eduarda M. , White Brad J.
Published: January 2025

Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is a major cause of morbid­ity and mortality in feedlot cattle and prognostic tools would be valuable for managing individual cases. Cardiac tro­ponin I (cTnI) is a protein released into the circulatory sys­tem after myocardial damage that may serve as a prognostic biomarker. The study objective was to determine potential associations between cTnI serum concentration of cattle at initial BRD treatment with the risk of retreatment or mortal­ity within 60 days.
In this observational study, serum was collected from cattle in 2 central high plains feedyards at initial BRD treatment. Indi­vidual animal treatment outcomes were determined (treatment success, retreated, died, or culled due to BRD) at 60 days post-enrollment. Troponin concentrations were determined using a commercially available Bovine Cardiac Troponin ELISA assay and categorized as LOW (< 0.156 ng/mL) or HIGH (≥ 0.156 ng/mL).
Of 318 serum samples, troponin concentrations were LOW for 310 and HIGH for 8 samples. Cattle with HIGH cTnI concentrations had a significantly (P < 0.05) greater probabil­ity of not finishing the 60-day post enrollment period (0.56 +/- 0.22 SE) compared to cattle with LOW cTnI (0.11 +/- 0.03 SE).
Cattle with high cardiac troponin concentrations at initial BRD treatment were more likely to have negative clinical out­comes. However, a low number of cases were identified as having high cTnI.
High troponin concentrations may be valuable to improve management decisions; however, further research is neces­sary to optimize cut-off values predictive of clinical outcome and evaluate prognostic value in subpopulations of feedlot cattle.
New guidelines on radiation survey and sanitary assessment of residential, public and industrial buildings and facilities in terms of radiation safety indicators. Part 2
Authors: Kononenko D. V. , Kormanovskaya T. A. , Vasilyev A. S. , Saprykin K. A.
Published: January 2025

The paper (in two parts) presents an overview of the new guidelines MR 2.6.1.0333-23 (approved on 01 December 2023) that supersede guidelines MU 2.6.1.2838-11, which were used for organizing radiation surveys of residential, public and industrial buildings and facilities and their sanitary assessment in terms of radiation safety indicators over the past 12 years. Due to a large number of critical comments on the document received during this period, a need for significant revision emerged. The scope of the revised document was expanded, and now it covers all stages of the life cycle of buildings and facilities: commissioning; operation period; overhaul and reconstruction; demolition. In the second part of the paper, numerous innovations are considered in terms of estimating the indoor average annual equilibrium equivalent concentration of radon isotopes. The reasons for the introduction of certain changes are outlined. Based on the results of previous studies and the review of foreign recommendations, the procedures for measuring indoor radon concentrations have been improved in such a way as to balance the increase in the reliability of estimating the average annual equilibrium equivalent concentration of radon isotopes and the increase in time and labor costs for testing laboratories to conduct the survey. The revised document introduces separate procedures for measuring indoor radon concentrations in new buildings and existing buildings with round-the-clock and non-round-the-clock occupancy. Estimating a weighted average based on the results of two-season measurements will represent a significant step forward in assessing the actual average annual radon concentrations in operated buildings in Russia. At the same time, the case of radiation survey of the buildings within the framework of events with legally limited duration is considered separately in the revised document. Taken together, the changes should have a positive impact on the quality of measurement information obtained by testing laboratories and underlying decisions made by executive authorities.
Results of individual dosimetric monitoring of the hands skin for personnel engaged in working with radiopharmaceuticals
Authors: Shleenkova E. N. , Bazhin S. Yu. , Bogatyreva V. Yu.
Published: January 2025

With the active development and wide use of positron emission tomography, ensuring radiation safety in matters of irradiation of the skin of the hands of personnel, has become very important. Work with radiopharmaceuticals labeled with various radionuclides is characterized by fairly close contact with a source of ionizing radiation, during which the skin of the hands can be irradiated in significant doses. Thus, the effect of ionizing radiation on the skin of the hands is one of the main problems of radiation protection of personnel at nuclear medicine centers. The work of personnel at nuclear medicine centers, depending on the nature of the actions performed, can be divided into two types: predominantly manual processes (nurses – packaging and administration of drugs, analytical chemists – quality control) and predominantly automated processes (radiochemical engineers – synthesis, packaging into vials). The individual equivalent doses to the skin of the hands of nurses, analytical chemists and radiochemical engineers working with 18F-based radiopharmaceuticals were estimated using thermoluminescence dosimetry with individual dosimeters calibrated in terms of Hp(0.07). The maximum annual value obtained fo radiochemical engineers was 7.8 mSv, which is 1.56% of the dose limit, and for analytical chemists it was 171 mSv, which is 34% of the dose limit (mean value was 28 mSv, median was 8.8 mSv, minimum value was 4.6 mSv). At the same time, nurses, who are mainly engaged in the packaging and administration of radiopharmaceuticals, have higher values of annual doses in the skin of the hands (mean value – 114 mSv, median – 56 mSv, minimum value – 1.3 mSv). The maximum value of the annual dose in the skin of the hands, recorded during the work, for a nurse was 573 mSv, i.e. the dose limit of 500 mSv was exceeded. The results of the work indicate that specialists involved in manual processes when manipulating radiopharmaceuticals require special attention from the standpoint of individual dosimetric control of the irradiation dose to the skin of the hands and compliance with radiation safety requirements.
Polymorphism of hOGG1 gene and susceptibility to malignant neoplasms in people affected by long-term low dose rate exposure
Authors: Yanishevskaya M. A. , Blinova E. A. , Shishkina E. A. , Akleyev A. V.
Published: January 2025

In the previous study [1], we showed an increased risk of malignant neoplasms in carriers of the minor allele rs1052133*G of the hOGG1 gene who were affected by chronic radiation exposure at a wide range of doses (up to 3,507 mGy to the red bone marrow) at the Techa River (Southern Urals) contaminated due to the activities of the Mayak Production Association in the 1950s. The objective of the present study was to assess the contribution of radiation factor to the risk of malignant neoplasms development in persons chronically exposed at the Techa River. For this purpose, we analyzed the background level of genetically determined risk in the general population of unexposed people on the basis of meta-analysis of the world literature data on the search for the association of rs1052133 of the hOGG1 gene with the risk of malignant neoplasms development. At the final stage, the results of the meta-analysis were compared with data on exposed people. The study found that unexposed and exposed carriers of the rs1052133*G allele had a comparable increased risk of developing malignant neoplasms, odds ratio 1.20; 95% confidence interval [1.06–1.35], p=0.01 and odds ratio =1.38; 95% confidence interval [1.05–1.83], p=0.023, respectively.
Didactical Design Based on Sharing and Jumping Tasks on Reaction Rate Law
Authors: Sazaliana Ade , Hendayana Sumar , Supriatna Asep , Nofri Yuhelman
Published: January 2025

In improving the quality of learning, it is necessary to develop a learning design that can facilitate the characteristics of students. The didactical design can facilitate the characteristics of students through sharing and jumping tasks. Sharing task is used to facilitate slow learner while jumping task is used to facilitate fast learner. Jumping task is not only beneficial for students with high academic ability, but also provides benefits for students with low academic ability. The purpose of this study is to develop the didactical design based on sharing and jumping tasks to enhance learning quality on the topic of reaction rate low. The research method used is didactical design research (DDR). Didactical design consisted of three steps i.e. (a) analysis of didactical situation before learning (prospective), (b) analysis of didactical situation during learning (metapedadidactical), and (c) analysis of didactical situation after learning (retrospective). The data was collected by test, observation, interview, documentation and recording (audio and video). The result showed that the didactical design on the topic of reaction was valid
Methane production from anaerobic pre-treatment of municipal wastewater combined with olive mill wastewater: A demonstration study
Authors: Baransi-Karkaby Katie , Hassanin Mahdi , Raanan-Kiperwas Hadas , Massalha Nedal , Sabbah Isam
Published: January 2025

The advanced anaerobic technology (AAT), developed based on an immobilized high-rate anaerobic reactor, was applied as a pretreatment of municipal wastewater (WW) at Karmiel's treatment plant in Israel. The demonstration-scale AAT (21 m3) system was operated at a flow rate of 100 m3day−1 municipal WW mixed with olive mill wastewater (OMW) (0.5 m3day−1) to simulate the scenario of illegal discharge of agro-industrial WW. The AAT provided a stable performance. Specifically, AAT enabled treating high organic loads (9.3 kg m−3day−1) resulting from OMW discharge by shaving the high peaks of organic content and protecting the subsequent activated sludge process. This system enabled the recovery of a significant part of the organic load by anaerobic biodegradation to produce biogas, shown to be highly dependent on temperature and partly on the organic loading rate. The outcomes indicate that the AAT could tolerate an addition of up to 0.5% OMW to municipal WW by removing more than 50% of the total chemical oxygen demand and 18–47% of polyphenols. This work shows that the AAT system has the potential of pretreating municipal WW, increasing the energy efficiency of the plant, and protecting small-medium WWTPs from sudden agro-industrial discharges.
A Hydrogel for Nitric Oxide Sensitization Chemotherapy Mediated by Tumor
Microenvironment Changes in 3D Spheroids and Breast Tumor Models
Authors: Du Yang , Ouyang Boshu , Liu Yao , Yin Yuzhen , Wu Yining , Guo Huishu
Published: January 2025

Background:

Nitric oxide (NO) is a low-toxicity and high-efficiency anticancer treatment that can
augment the cytotoxicity of doxorubicin (DOX) towards breast cancer cells, thereby exhibiting a favorable effect
on chemotherapy sensitization.

Objective:

The study aimed to establish a hydrogel that sensitizes chemotherapy by inducing local inflammatory
stimulation to change the tumor microenvironment and promote NO production. The purpose of the study
was to examine the anti-tumor effect in vivo and in vitro.

Methods:

The functional properties of the composite hydrogels were tested by UV spectrophotometry and NO
detection kit. CCK8, DCFH-DA fluorescent probe, Calcein-AM/PI detection kit, and confocal detection methods
were used for the cytocompatibility and cytotoxicity of the composite hydrogels. The subcutaneous tumor
volume, weight, and tumor inhibition rate of 4T1 breast cancer cells were evaluated for pharmacodynamic
study in vivo.

Results:

Each component of hydrogel has good biocompatibility. The combination of gas therapy and chemotherapy
can significantly enhance the effect of inhibiting tumor cell growth. The tumor growth of tumor-
bearing mice in the hydrogel administration group was slow, and the tumor inhibition rate was 85.10%.
The body weight grew steadily, and no significant pathological changes were observed in the H&E staining of
major organs.

Conclusion:

A composite hydrogel with alginate as the carrier was successfully established, which was based
on improving the tumor microenvironment to trigger gas therapy combined with chemotherapy for tumor treatment.
Kekuatan Nilai untuk Melestarikan Biosper: Menguji Peranan Orientasi Nilai Terhadap Perilaku Berkelanjutan
Authors: Trihapsari Tunjung , Shadiqi Muhammad Abdan , Achmad Rendy Alfiannoor
Published: January 2025

Beragam fenomena degradasi lingkungan, membuat manusia perlu bertindak segera untuk menerapkan perilaku serta gaya hidup yang lebih berkelanjutan. Berdasarkan masalah tersebut, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peranan orientasi nilai terhadap perilaku berkelanjutan pada mahasiswa Teknik Lingkungan Universitas Mangkurat. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kuantitatif, dengan jumlah partisipan sebanyak 125 mahasiswa Teknik Lingkungan yang minimal telah berkuliah pada tahun kedua (angkatan 2021, 2020, 2019). Penentuan partisipan dilakukan menggunakan teknik simple random sampling. Instrumen pengukuran yang digunakan adalah adaptasi  skala Sustainabel Behavior dan skala Environmental Potrait Value Questioner (EPVQ). Data dianalisis menggunakan regresi linear berganda melalui software IBM SPSS. Hasil pengujian hipotesis menunjukkan bahwa dari empat dimensi orientasi nilai, hanya dimensi nilai biosperik yang berperanan signifikan terhadap perilaku berkelanjutan, sementara dimensi altruistik, hedonis dan egoistik tidak memiliki peranan terhadap perilaku berkelanjutan. Namun secara bersamaan, seluruh dimensi nilai didapatkan berperan terhadap perilaku berkelanjutan dan koefisien determinasi menunjukkan orientasi nilai memiliki peranan sebesar 27,3% terhadap perilaku berkelanjutan, sedangkan sisanya dipengaruhi oleh faktor lainnya.
Grit dan Mindfulness pada Mahasiswa yang Bekerja di Kota Bandung
Authors: Diana Oktapiana  , Nida Muthi Annisa  , Astri Firdasannah
Published: January 2025

Ada berbagai alasan mengapa mahasiswa memilih untuk belajar sambil bekerja, meskipun terdapat risiko yang terlibat. Mahasiswa yang bekerja menjalankan peran ganda sebagai pekerja dan mahasiswa, yang menuntut mereka untuk tetap antusias dan fokus agar dapat menyelesaikan studi dengan sukses. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji hubungan antara grit dan mindfulness pada mahasiswa yang bekerja di kota Bandung. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan desain korelasional. Subjek penelitian adalah 184 mahasiswa aktif program sarjana kelas reguler yang sedang belajar sambil bekerja di kota Bandung, dengan rentang usia 18–25 tahun. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan skala grit dan Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS). Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah teknik korelasi Product Moment. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya hubungan positif, meskipun lemah, antara grit dan mindfulness pada mahasiswa yang bekerja di Bandung. Dengan kata lain, tingkat grit yang lebih tinggi dikaitkan dengan mindfulness yang lebih tinggi pula, sedangkan tingkat grit yang lebih rendah berhubungan dengan mindfulness yang lebih rendah.
MULHERES PIONEIRAS NO DIREITO NO BRASIL
Authors: Axt Gunter
Published: January 2025

O artigo procura sistematizar dados sobre as trajetórias até o momento conhecidas de mulheres pioneiras no Direito, no Brasil, entre o final do século XIX e a década de 1970. O estudo mostra que a porta de entrada das mulheres nas profissões jurídicas estatais se deu nos anos 1930 pelo Ministério Público, comparando alguns estudos de caso. Percebe também diferenças regionais, com protagonismo assumido em estados do Sul, como o Paraná, do Norte, como o Pará, e do Nordeste, como a Bahia, em contraste com as barreiras de gênero mais evidenciadas em Pernambuco e em São Paulo. O artigo mostra que, antes mesmo da disseminação dos concursos públicos, algumas mulheres lograram acessar posições interinas no Ministério Público, mas não antes da Revolução de 1930. Os concursos públicos, por sua vez, não se traduziram, em um primeiro momento, em plena isonomia de gênero, pois estavam sujeitos a manobras que dificultavam o acesso das mulheres.
MODELO SOCIAL, INTERSETORIALIDADE E O PROJETO SAÚDE MENTAL É MAIS LEGAL
Authors: Rogar Erica , Júnior Sebastião Felix Pereira , Scharfstein Renata , Senra Carolina Maria Gurgel , Junior Octavio Domont de Serpa
Published: January 2025

Este trabalho está ancorado nas normas constitucionais e legais, de Direitos Humanos, que fazem a transição do modelo médico para o modelo biopsicossocial, no que diz respeito ao cuidado relativo às pessoas que apresentam transtorno mental gravee persistente, somado a dificuldades perante as barreiras sociais, o que desemboca no reconhecimento da deficiência mental. Neste contexto, há uma releitura da proteção, na direção da promoção da autonomia, e não da exclusão social. Além disso, é explorada aarticulação intersetorial, entre os operadores do Direito e os trabalhadores da Saúde Mental, com o objetivo de fomentar uma atuação mais qualificada e consistente em favor dos usuários dos serviços de Saúde Mental. Nessa linha, a Rede de AtençãoPsicossocial (RAPS) precisa ter conhecimento de que o Ministério Público (MP) é um órgão que promove acesso à Justiça para a adequação de medidas que investem na emancipação do sujeito. São elas: a Tomada de Decisão Apoiada, a Prestação deContas, a Remoção de Curador, a Ação de Alimentos e a Ação de Anulação de Empréstimos Consignados, tudo no lugar da Curatela, ainda existente no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro, mas que deve ser adotada de maneira excepcional.  O propósito é deque o Sistema de Justiça trabalhe de maneira mais apropriada, em conformidade com os princípios e valores lançados pela Convenção sobre os Direitos das Pessoas com Deficiência (Convenção), concretizados pela Lei Brasileira de Inclusão (LBI), e nos jácolocados pela Lei de Reforma Psiquiátrica.  O Projeto ‘Saúde Mental é Mais Legal’, do Ministério Público do Rio de Janeiro (MPRJ), se justifica a partir dessa necessária interlocução dos Promotores com a área da Saúde (RAPS) e da Assistência Social(Sistema Único de Assistência Social - SUAS), na solução de casos complexos na área da Saúde Mental. O debate visa verificar se o usuário conta com suporte familiar ou rede de apoio; se ele está referenciado na RAPS e no SUAS; e se precisa de algumamedida jurídica ou não. Como benefício do Projeto, ele intenta dar o suporte necessário ao autogoverno das pessoas com transtornos mentais. Além disso, permite apurar o regular funcionamento dos serviços de Saúde e de Assistência Social. O Projeto foielaborado com base em experiências concretas, na atuação em uma Promotoria de Justiça Cível e de Família de um foro regional da Capital do Rio de Janeiro. No ano de  2023, o Projeto foi contemplado com a menção honrosa no Prêmio Innovare, Categoria Ministério Público.
Comparison Between How Narrative Therapy and Buddhist Mantra-Based Meditation Promote Mental Healing
Authors: Yang Yang Kunsang
Published: January 2025

This is a conceptual paper comparing how narrative therapy and Buddhist mantra-based meditation promote mental healing. Narrative therapy promotes mental healing by shifting families’ attention to their subjugated stories of strengths and personal agencies. Whilst Buddhist meditation has been integrated into psychotherapy developed in the West, the application is primarily the focus on breath as a way to help sufferers attain mindfulness. Mantra-based meditation uses the recitation of mantra as the focus instead of breath. The comparison between narrative therapy and Buddhist mantra-based meditation is done by analyzing their respective distinctive features, shared features, some integrative approaches, and aspects that do not apply to both. The five aggregates consisting of rūpa (body/form), vedanā (sensation), saññā (perception), saṅkhāra (volition), and viññāṇa (consciousness) are key ideas used in Buddhism to understand the body-mind interaction and how one is caught in a cycle of suffering. This concept is further analyzed in a relational way to illustrate how a narrative-mantra group approach using the Energy Mantra, a Vajrāyana Buddhist mantra, is integrated with the outsider-witness practice, a reflecting team approach in narrative therapy. This integrative approach promotes healing in a group setting through the attainment of both relational reflexivity and relational mindfulness.
Machine Learning–Based Prediction of Substance Use in Adolescents in Three Independent Worldwide Cohorts: Algorithm Development and Validation Study
Authors: Kim Soeun , Kim Hyejun , Kim Seokjun , Lee Hojae , Hammoodi Ahmed , Choi Yujin , Kim Hyeon Jin , Smith Lee , Kim Min Seo , Fond Guillaume , Boyer Laurent , Baik Sung Wook , Lee Hayeon , Park Jaeyu , Kwon Rosie , Woo Selin , Yon Dong Keon
Published: January 2025

Background

To address gaps in global understanding of cultural and social variations, this study used a high-performance machine learning (ML) model to predict adolescent substance use across three national datasets.

Objective

This study aims to develop a generalizable predictive model for adolescent substance use using multinational datasets and ML.

Methods

The study used the Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-Based Survey (KYRBS) from South Korea (n=1,098,641) to train ML models. For external validation, we used the Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) from the United States (n=2,511,916) and Norwegian nationwide Ungdata surveys (Ungdata) from Norway (n=700,660). After developing various ML models, we evaluated the final model’s performance using multiple metrics. We also assessed feature importance using traditional methods and further analyzed variable contributions through SHapley Additive exPlanation values.

Results

The study used nationwide adolescent datasets for ML model development and validation, analyzing data from 1,098,641 KYRBS adolescents, 2,511,916 YRBS participants, and 700,660 from Ungdata. The XGBoost model was the top performer on the KYRBS, achieving an area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) score of 80.61% (95% CI 79.63-81.59) and precision of 30.42 (95% CI 28.65-32.16) with detailed analysis on sensitivity of 31.30 (95% CI 29.47-33.20), specificity of 99.16 (95% CI 99.12-99.20), accuracy of 98.36 (95% CI 98.31-98.42), balanced accuracy of 65.23 (95% CI 64.31-66.17), F1-score of 30.85 (95% CI 29.25-32.51), and area under precision-recall curve of 32.14 (95% CI 30.34-33.95). The model achieved an AUROC score of 79.30% and a precision of 68.37% on the YRBS dataset, while in external validation using the Ungdata dataset, it recorded an AUROC score of 76.39% and a precision of 12.74%. Feature importance and SHapley Additive exPlanation value analyses identified smoking status, BMI, suicidal ideation, alcohol consumption, and feelings of sadness and despair as key contributors to the risk of substance use, with smoking status emerging as the most influential factor.

Conclusions

Based on multinational datasets from South Korea, the United States, and Norway, this study shows the potential of ML models, particularly the XGBoost model, in predicting adolescent substance use. These findings provide a solid basis for future research exploring additional influencing factors or developing targeted intervention strategies.