bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Two-stroke engine with constant crank angular velocity
Authors: Zotov Alexey , Tokarev Artem , Valeev Anvar , Fatkullina Gulnaz
Published: June 2024

The work is devoted to the dynamics of a two-stroke engine. The engine used in sea vessels is considered. A new scheme of the crank mechanism of a two-stroke engine is proposed. An elastic hinge with a given angular characteristic (dependence of the restoring moment on the angle of rotation of the crank) is supposed to be installed between the strut and the crank. The work shows that with certain parameters of the hinge it is possible to obtain a constant angular velocity of the crank for any angle of rotation of the crank. Currently, flywheel inertia can account for up to 80 percent of all moving parts in an engine. Since the mass of engines is large, eliminating the flywheel from the engine design or reducing its mass may be a promising direction in the production of two-stroke engines. The proposed hinge is a structure in which an elastic element (spring or air spring) moves between circular guides of a calculated shape, resulting in a given hinge characteristic. In this work, an air spring was chosen as the elastic element of the hinge, since in this case it becomes possible to change the characteristics of the hinge by changing the pressure in the air spring. The shape of the guides is such that when adding the characteristic of an elastic hinge to the existing characteristic of the engine, an “ideal” characteristic of the considered engine with an elastic hinge is obtained, at which the angular velocity of the crank will be constant. When the angular velocity of the crank changes, a different characteristic of the hinge is required. In progress it is supposed to change the characteristics of the elastic hinge by changing the pressure in the air spring, which is the elastic element of the hinge. It turned out that by changing the initial excess pressure in the air spring it is possible to compensate for the change in the characteristics of the hinge required for the angular velocity of the crank to remain constant at any angle of rotation when its value changes. The results of these studies can be used both in the production of two-stroke engines and for any two-stroke engines.
Study on Cloning and Expression of TNF-α Variants in E. coli:
Production, Purification, and Interaction with Anti-TNF-α Inhibitors
Authors: Akçadağ Gülşah , Cansaran-Duman Demet , Aras Emine Sümer , Ataoğlu Haluk
Published: June 2024

Background:

TNF-α is a proinflammatory cytokine and plays a role in cell proliferation,
differentiation, survival, and death pathways. When administered at high doses, it may cause
damage to the tumor vasculature, thereby increasing the permeability of the blood vessels. Therefore,
monitoring the dose and the response of the TNF-α molecule is essential for patients' health

Objectives:

This study aimed to clone, express, and purify the active form of the TNF-α protein,
which can interact with various anti-TNF-α inhibitors with high efficiency.

Methods:

Recombinant DNA technology was used to clone three different versions of codon-optimized
human TNF-α sequences to E. coli. Colony PCR protocol was used for verification and produced
proteins were analyzed through SDS-PAGE and western blot. Size exclusion chromatography
was used to purify sTNF-α. ELISA techniques were used to analyze and compare binding efficiency
of sTNF-α against three different standards.

Results:

Under native condition (25°C), interaction between sTNF-α and anti-TNF-α antibody
was 3,970, compared to positive control. The interaction was 0,587, whereas it was 0,535 for TNF-
α and anti-TNF-α antibodies under denaturing conditions (37°C). F7 of sTNF-α (920 μg/mL)
had the same/higher binding efficiency to adalimumab, etanercept, and infliximab, compared to
commercial TNF-α.

Conclusion:

This study was the first to analyze binding efficiency of homemade sTNF-α protein
against three major TNF-α inhibitors (adalimumab, etanercept, and infliximab) in a single study.
The high binding efficiency of sTNF-α with adalimumab, etanercept, and infliximab, evidenced in
this study supports the feasibility of its use in therapeutic applications, contributing to more sustainable,
cost-effective, and independent healthcare system.
Synthesis and Anti-gastric Cancer Activity by Targeting FGFR1 Pathway of Novel Asymmetric Bis-chalcone Compounds
Authors: Nian Chunhui , Gan Xin , Liu Qunpeng , Wu Yuna , Kong Miaomiao , Zhang Peiqin , Jin Mingming , Dong Zhaojun , Li Wulan , Wang Ledan , He Wenfei , Li Xiaokun , Wu Jianzhang
Published: June 2024

Background:

Bis-chalcone compounds with symmetrical structures, either isolated from natural
products or chemically synthesized, have multiple pharmacological activities. Asymmetric Bis-chalcone
compounds have not been reported before, which might be attributed to the synthetic challenges involved,
and it remains unknown whether these compounds possess any potential pharmacological activities.

Aims:

The aim of this study is to investigate the synthesis route of asymmetric bis-chalcone compounds
and identify potential candidates with efficient anti-tumor activity.

Methods:

The two-step structural optimization of the bis-chalcone compounds was carried out sequentially,
guided by the screening of the compounds for their growth inhibitory activity against gastric cancer
cells by MTT assay. The QSAR model of compounds was established through random forest (RF)
algorithm. The activities of the optimal compound J3 on growth inhibition, apoptosis, and apoptosis-inducing
protein expression in gastric cancer cells were investigated sequentially by colony formation assay,
flow cytometry, and western blotting. Further, the inhibitory effects of J3 on the FGFR1 signaling
pathway were explored by Western Blotting, shRNA, and MTT assays. Finally, the in vivo anti-tumor
activity and mechanism of J3 were studied through nude mice xenograft assay, western blotting.

Results:

27 asymmetric bis-chalcone compounds, including two types (N and J) were sequentially designed
and synthesized. Some N-class compounds have good inhibitory activity on the growth of gastric
cancer cells. The vast majority of J-class compounds optimized on the basis of N3 exhibit excellent inhibitory
activity on gastric cancer cell growth. We established a QSAR model (R2 = 0.851627) by applying
random forest algorithms. The optimal compound J3, which had better activity, concentration-dependently
inhibited the formation of gastric cancer cell colonies and led to cell apoptosis by inducing the expression
of the pro-apoptotic protein cleaved PARP in a dose-dependent manner. J3 may exert anti-gastric
cancer effects by inhibiting the activation of FGFR1/ERK pathway. Moreover, at a dose of 10
mg/kg/day, J3 inhibited tumor growth in nude mice by nearly 70% in vivo with no significant toxic effect
on body weight and organs.

Conclusion:

In summary, this study outlines a viable method for the synthesis of novel asymmetric bischalcone
compounds. Furthermore, the compound J3 demonstrates substantial promise as a potential
candidate for an anti-tumor drug.
Determination of Inhibitory Effect of PKM2 Enzyme and Antitumoral Activity of Novel Coumarin-naphthoquinone Hybrids
Authors: de Andrade Borges Amanda , Ouverney Gabriel , Arruda Afonso Thales Sousa , Ribeiro Amanda Vieira , Ribeiro Ruan Carlos Busquet , de Souza Acacio Silva , da Fonseca Anna Carolina Carvalho , de Queiroz Lucas Nicolau , de Almeida Elan Cardozo Paes , Pontes Bruno , Rabelo Vitor Won-Held , Ferreira Vitor , Abreu Paula Alvarez , de Carvalho da Silva Fernando , da Silva Magalhaes Forezi Luana , Robbs Bruno Kaufmann
Published: June 2024

Background:

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) represents the primary form of
oral cancer, posing a significant global health threat. The existing chemotherapy options are accompanied
by notable side effects impacting patient treatment adherence. Consequently, the exploration
and development of novel substances with enhanced anticancer effects and fewer
side effects have become pivotal in the realms of biological and chemical science.

Objective:

This work presents the pioneering examples of naphthoquinone-coumarin hybrids
as a new category of highly effective cytotoxic substances targeting oral squamous cell carcinoma
(OSCC).

Methods:

Given the significance of both naphthoquinones and coumarins as essential pharmacophores/
privileged structures in the quest for anticancer compounds, this study focused on the
synthesis and evaluation of novel naphthoquinones/coumarin hybrids against oral squamous
cell carcinoma.

Results:

By several in vitro, in silico, and in vivo approaches, we demonstrated that compound
6e was highly cytotoxic against OSCC cells and several other cancer cell types and was more
selective than current chemotherapeutic drugs (carboplatin) and the naphthoquinone lapachol.
Furthermore, compound 6e was non-hemolytic and tolerated in vivo at 50 mg/kg with an LD50
of 62.5 mg/kg. Furthermore, compound 6e did not induce apoptosis and cell cycle arrest but
led to intracellular vesicle formation with LC3 aggregation in autophagosomes, suggesting an
autophagic cell death. Additionally, 6e had a high-affinity potential for PKM2 protein, higher
than the known ligands, such as lapachol or shikonin, and was able to inhibit this enzyme activity
in vitro.

Conclusion:

We assert that compound 6e shows promise as a potential lead for a novel chemotherapeutic
drug targeting OSCC, with potential applicability to other cancer types.
An Integrative Network Pharmacology and Bioinformatics Approach for Deciphering the Multi-target Effect of Nyctanthes arbortristis L. against COVID-19
Authors: Sreeharsha Nagaraja , Basavarajappa Girish Meravanige , Aloufi Bandar , Shiroorkar Predeepkumar Narayanappa , Anwer Md. Khalid , Rehman Abdur
Published: June 2024

Introduction:

The COVID-19 pandemic represents a significant challenge across scientific, medical,
and societal dimensions. The unpredictability of the disease progression, caused by the severe acute respiratory
syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), underscores the urgent need for identifying compounds that
target multiple aspects of the virus to ensure swift and effective treatment. Nyctanthes arbortristis L., a delicate,
perennial, deciduous shrub found across various Asian regions, has been recognized for its wide range of
pharmacological benefits, including hepatoprotective, antimalarial, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant,
and antiviral properties.

Methods:

Various in vitro studies revealed the therapeutic significance of Nyctanthes arbortristis against
COVID-19. However, the exact molecular mechanism remains unclarified. In the present study, a network
pharmacology approach was employed to uncover the active ingredients, their potential targets, and signaling
pathways in Nyctanthes arbortristis for the treatment of COVID-19. In the framework of this study, we explored
the active ingredient–target–pathway network and figured out that naringetol, ursolic acid, betasitosterol,
and daucosterol decisively contributed to the development of COVID-19 by affecting IL6, MAPK3,
and MDM2 genes.

Results:

The results of molecular docking analysis indicated that Nyctanthes arbortristis exerted effective
binding capacity in COVID-19. Further, we disclosed the targets, biological functions, and signaling pathways
of Nyctanthes arbortristis in COVID-19. The analysis indicated that Nyctanthes arbortristis could help treat
COVID-19 through the enhancement of immunologic functions, inhibition of inflammatory reactions and regulation
of the cellular microenvironment. In short, the current study used a series of network pharmacologybased
and computational analyses to understand and characterize the binding capacity, biological functions,
pharmacological targets and therapeutic mechanisms of Nyctanthes arbortristis in COVID-19.

Conclusion:

However, the findings were not validated in actual COVID-19 patients, so further investigation
is needed to confirm the potential use of Nyctanthes arbortristis for treating COVID-19.
The Effect of Ginseng Supplementation on Lipid Profile: GRADE-assessed
Systematic Review and Dose-response Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled
Trials
Authors: Arabi Seyyed Mostafa , Shahraki-Jazinaki Mostafa , Nayyer Abadi Maryam , Bahrami Leila Sadat , Chambari Mahla , Bahari Hossein , Sahebkar Amirhossein
Published: June 2024

Background:

This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the overall impact of Panax
ginseng on lipid profile by synthesizing existing evidence. Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) is the leading
cause of morbidity and mortality among the elderly population, and serum lipids play a crucial role in its development.
Maintaining optimal levels of triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein
cholesterol, and total cholesterol is essential in reducing the risk of CVD. Ginsenosides, the active constituents
in ginseng, have shown positive effects on lipid metabolism. This review aimed to provide a comprehensive
understanding of the potential benefits of ginseng in managing dyslipidemia, which could have significant
implications for the prevention and treatment of CVD.

Methods:

A comprehensive analysis of 29 Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) was conducted to assess the
effects of ginseng supplementation on lipid profile, including Triglyceride (TG), Total Cholesterol (TC),
High-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C), and Low-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL-C) levels. A
systematic search was done in online databases, such as MEDLINE, Scopus, and Clarivate Analytics Web of
Science, using relevant keywords and MeSH terms to identify relevant studies until January 2024.

Results:

The Weighted Mean Differences (WMD) and 95% Confidence Intervals (CI) for TG, TC, LDL-C,
and HDL-C did not show significant changes with ginseng supplementation.

Conclusion:

Taking into account the results, using ginseng did not have a statistically significant influence on
lipid profile parameters in individuals with different health conditions. Further, well-designed RCTs focusing
on specific diseases are needed to clarify the potential beneficial effects of ginseng and its derivatives on lipid
profile.
Pharmacological Mechanism of Herbal Interventions for Bipolar Disorder
Authors: Singh Abhinav , Sarwat Maryam , Gupta Sangeetha
Published: June 2024

:

Bipolar disorder is a neuropsychiatric disease characterized by an abundance of undesired ideas and
thoughts associated with recurrent episodes of mania or hypomania and depression. Alterations in the circuits,
including the prefrontal cortex, striatum, and limbic system, regulate mood and cause variation in several crucial
neurotransmitters, including serotonin, dopamine, GABA, and glutamate. Imbalances in dopamine levels
have been implicated in the manic phase, while variance in serotonin is linked to depressive episodes. The precise
pathophysiology of bipolar disorder is still unknown. Though different treatments are available, like lithium,
risperidone, valproic acid, etc., which are widely used, they come with certain limitations, including narrow
therapeutic index, hypothyroidism, weight gain, extrapyramidal symptoms, etc. The interest in herbal-
based treatments for bipolar disorder arises from the desire for alternative, potentially more natural, and
holistic approaches with fewer side effects. The current review focuses on the potential effects of herbal drugs
and their derivatives to alleviate the symptoms of bipolar disorder.
Leveraging Feedback From Families of Children With Autism to Create Digital Support for Service Navigation: Descriptive Study
Authors: Burke Meghan , Li Chak , Cheung Waifong Catherine , Terol Adriana Kaori , Johnston Amanda , Schueller Stephen M
Published: June 2024

Background

It is difficult for families to navigate and access services for their children with autism. Barriers to service access are compounded among families from low-resourced backgrounds.

Objective

The purpose of our study was to explore the development of an app to facilitate access to services among families of children with autism from low-resourced backgrounds. Our specific aims were to explore feedback from an advisory board about the app and to explore feedback from navigators about the app.

Methods

Via a multistage codevelopment process, we elicited feedback from 5 key parties: the research team, a community organization, the app development team, the advisory board, and family navigators. Collectively, 36 individuals provided feedback about the development of the app via individual interviews, focus groups, observations, and surveys. The key features of the app included a dashboard showing the service needs of the family and related resources, a messaging feature between the family, the navigator, and the supervisor, and a fidelity checklist and evaluation feature.

Results

The advisory board provided feedback about the app to increase its user-friendliness, include the ability to develop an action plan, improve the identification of needed services, and add information about service providers. Navigators suggested that the app should connect navigators to one another, have a clearer purpose for the notes section, and reflect an easier log-in process. Navigators also wanted training to role-play using the app. After participating in a role play using the app, navigators reported significantly more satisfaction with the app and greater usefulness (P<.001).

Conclusions

Our work sheds light on the importance of eliciting feedback from end users, especially users who are often overlooked by the research community and app developers. Further, it is important to elicit feedback in multiple ways to improve the app.
Comparative Study of Framed Structures with Shear Wall Structure
Authors: Kumar Ravi Rausan
Published: June 2024

Abstract: High rise building structures are both a necessity and a matter of sophistication and pride for structural engineers. Buildings crossing 25 to 30 storeys are a common phenomenon these days. But what happens to a structure as it crosses these height limits? Forces of nature in the form of earthquakes and cyclones starts playing brutal games with the structures. Higher the structure goes; higher it attracts the forces and wrath of nature in the form of seismic force. Seismic force, predominantly being an inertia force depends on the mass of the structure. As the mass of the structure increases the seismic forces also increase causing the requirement of even heavier sections to counter that heavy forces. And these heavy sections further increase the mass of the structure leading to even heavier seismic forces. Here an attempt has been made to study the behavior of different structures of reinforced concrete with different heights with and without shear walls.
Augmented reality in biology education: A systematic literature review
Authors: Permana Tutut Indria , Husamah H. , Nurhamdani Moh Irfan , Zaskia Alia , Savitri Aulia , Salsabila Diva Aulia
Published: June 2024

Augmented Reality (AR) has seen extensive utilization in the modern era, driven by rapid technological advancements. The aim of the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method is to meticulously analyze and assess previous research on a specific phenomenon in a systematic and explicit manner. The search was conducted on the Scopus database using the keyword "Augmented Reality," resulting in 209 relevant articles. Out of this total, 35 articles passed the journal selection criteria and were deemed ready for analysis. The article selection process was carried out using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) model for inclusion and exclusion purposes. Since 2019, there has been a rising trend in research on augmented reality. The issue of AR can be approached through quantitative, qualitative, mixed-methods, and even development research (R&D). The most prominent author in AR research is NF Saidin. The data shows that the keyword "augmented reality" is strongly associated with "education" and "biology." These keywords are linked to concepts such as teacher training, augmented reality tools, teaching, biology learning, learning performance, e-learning, and virtual reality. Themes related to AR in education focus on teacher training in biology, which applies e-learning or mobile learning based on AR and virtual reality (VR). Articles were published by authors from 28 different countries, with authors predominantly from Asia. There are 15 institutions worldwide that fund AR research and publications. It can be concluded that the focus on AR in biology education will continue to grow, supported by the ongoing emphasis on technology in the modern era. This trend is reflected in the distribution year, research types/methods, instruments, areas of study, authors, keywords, authors’ nationalities, and collaboration patterns.
Interactive learning media: Literacy and numeracy Limas House Balaputera Dewa Museum in phase B
Authors: Maharani Siti Dewi , Putri Ratu Ilma Indra , Syawaliyah Ayu Fitriyanti , Safitri Mazda Leva Okta
Published: June 2024

Literacy and numeracy in Indonesia was still relatively low, teachers did not discuss literacy and numeracy material with students. Learning media needed to deliver material, but technology based learning media for literacy and numeracy materials had not been used in the learning process. This research aimed to determine the procedures for making products, the level of validity and practicality in literacy and numeracy material. The model used the ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development Implementation and Evaluation) development model. Data collection techniques, including observation, interviews, questionnaires, and documentation. Data analyzed in two ways, namely qualitatively and quantitatively. Validation of the media is carried out by validating material experts, media experts and classroom teacher practitioner. The assessment results from material experts were 3.81 (very valid), media experts were 3.67 (very valid) and classroom teacher practitioner were 3.44 (very valid). Practicality was carried out with a total of 19 grade 4 students through three stages, namely one to one, small group trials and field test. The average score obtained was 89%, including the "very practical" category. So, the interactive learning media literacy and numeracy material house of Limas Balaputera Dewa museum in phase B was feasible and practical to use for delivering material in the teaching and learning process in school.
Analisis Perbandingan Edukasi Kesehatan Media Video dan Media Leaflet terhadap Peningkatan Pengetahuan Remaja Putri tentang Pemeriksaan Payudara Sendiri (SADARI)
Authors: Aryani Dewi , Mulyani Sri , Ekawaty Fadliyana
Published: June 2024

ABSTRAK
Latar Belakang :Berdasarkan data Clobocan yang dirilis oleh WHO, pada tahun 2020 angka kejadian dan kematian di dunia penyakit kanker payudara di dunia yang menempati peringkat tertinggi. Di Indonesia, kanker payudara menempati urutan tertinggi pada tahun 2020 dengan angka kejadian yaitu 65.858 dan 30,8% perempuan terdiagnosis kanker payudara yang umumnya dipengaruhi juga karena pendeteksian penyakit yang terlambat. Edukasi kesehatan tentang Pemeriksaan Payudara Sendiri (SADARI) menggunakan media video dan media leaflet
Metode: Penelitian Quasy Eksperimental dengan Nonequivalent Control Group Desain. Jumlah 36 siswi terdiri dari 18 siswi kelompok media video dan 18 siswi kelompok leaflet. Medianya adalah media video dan leaflet dan analisa data menggunakan uji Wilcoxon .
Hasil: Terdapat perbedaan tingkat pengetahuan sesudah diberikan edukasi kesehatan tentang SADARI dengan media video dan media leaflet. Hasil uji Wilcoxon kelompok video memiliki nilai mean sebelum (43,70) dan sesudah diberikan edukasi menjadi (90,19) p-value 0,000 kelompok edukasi media leaflet memiliki mean sebelum (46,95) dan sesudah diberikan edukasi menjadi (46,66) p-value 0,063. 
Kesimpulan: Terdapat perbedaan tingkat pengetahuan siswi kelompok edukasi dengan media video dan media leaflet.
Kata Kunci : Pengetahuan, Edukasi Kesehatan, SADARI, Media Video, Media Leaflet
Métodos para la disminución de los costos de producción para el sector arrocero en Colombia
Authors: Contreras-Mejia Nair
Published: June 2024

La identificación de los costos de producción en el cultivo arroz de Colombia son de vital importancia ya que estos son la inversión que se realiza con el fin de retorno con un valor agregado, es por esto, que el correcto manejo y aplicación de estos son la clave para obtener una ganancia representativa. Por ello, se realizó esta investigación basados en la revisión documental y contenido bibliográfico; se presenta como objetivo general: análisis de las estrategias que permitan la disminución de los costos de producción en el sector arrocero en Colombia; y como objetivos específicos: Diagnosticar la situación actual de los costos de producción del sector arroceros; Identificar las variables que afectan los costos de producción del sector arrocero y Proponer métodos de disminución adecuada de los costos del sector arrocero. Por lo anterior, los costos de producción son pieza clave para el correcto manejo de los recursos y la optimización de estos, así mismo, como la organización y la utilización de nuevas tecnologías que permiten un menor margen de error en el momento de la siembra y una mayor ganancia.
Wakaf Produktif Channel YouTube Ditinjau Dari Teori Maqāṣid Syarī‘ah Ibnu ‘Ashur
Authors: Rhomandon Mohammad Zulfi , Lubab Muhammad Nabil , Ridwan Murtadho
Published: June 2024

This article discusses the review of Maqāṣid Syarī‘ah in the context of productive endowment on a YouTube channel based on Ibnu ‘Ashur's perspective. The study is a library research using a juridical-normative approach focused on examining the issues and solutions of productive endowments in the digital era. The research data analysis employs the IRAC method (Issue, Rules, Analysis, and Conclusion). The author opines that revenues from YouTube endowment accounts, such as income from advertisements, shopping links, revenue from YouTube premium subscriptions, channel subscriptions, Super Chat & Super Stickers, and Super Thanks, should comply with the Maqāṣid Syarī‘ah. Monetization through advertisements obtained on YouTube endowment accounts is categorized as a means (waṣīlah), where limiting advertisements by the account owner implements the principle of 'saddu zarā’i' by eliminating the causes of Sharia violations in certain content. Revenue from YouTube accounts other than advertisements is categorized as a waṣīlah in Ibnu 'Ashur's Maqāṣid, justified to attain benefits (maṣlaḥah), as these means do not contain elements violating Sharia.
The Role of Digital Technology to Enhance Zakat, Infaq, Sadaqah and Humanitarian Fund (ZISKA) Fundraising
Authors: N. Al Ngizati Ngama Yasifah  , Makhrus
Published: June 2024

This study examines the role of digital technology in increasing ziska fundraising. It also also reveals the inhibiting and supporting factors pertaining to ziska fundraising in zakat management organizations. This research is of field research with a descriptive approach. The object of research is Badan Amil Zakat (BAZNAS) Banyumas Regency, Lembaga Amil Zakat Infaq dan Sodaqah Muhammadiyah (LAZISMU) Banyumas Regency, and Lembaga Amil Zakat Infaq dan Sodaqah Nahdlatul Ulama (LAZISNU) Banyumas Regency. The techniques used to obtain data are observation, interviews, and documentation. The result shows that ziska fund collection is carried out through conventional methods or visiting the office, accessing Instagram, Tiktok, Google, Website, QRIS (Quick Response Code Indonesian Standard), print media, transfer via account number, pick-up zakat, UPZ (Zakat Management Unit) service, Simba application, digital office, Kitabisa. Meanwhile, LAZISNU uses Koin NU (Nahdlatul Ulama Infaq Can). As for the supporting factors, there are social media or print media and even applications that can support the running of ziska fund collection, while the inhibiting factors are the lack of understanding for ordinary people and the lack of internal expertise in special fields to carry out socialization to the community.
Humanist Concept in Settlement of Non-Performing Murabahah Financing
Authors: Hikmawati Fu'aida Nur , Nashirudin Muh.
Published: June 2024

This research examines the process of resolving Non-Performing Murabahah financing, and how the Fatwa of the National Sharia Council (DSN) of the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) reviews the Settlement of Non-Performing Finance at Saving and Loan Association and Sharia Financing (KSPPS) Bayt al-Māl wa al-Tamwīl (BMT) Sakinah Mojolaban, Sukoharjo. This research is field qualitative research. The research results show that efforts to handle problematic murabahah financing carried out by BMT are by providing gradual administrative warnings, restructuring financing, rescheduling or other policies that apply at BMT. If the customer is unable to fulfill his obligations, BTM will auction off the customer's collateral. BMT also offers the option of contract conversion by creating a new contract for customers who cannot complete murabahah financing in accordance with the provisions of the Fatwa of the DSN-MUI No. 49/DSN-MUI/II/2005 Concerning Murabahah Contract Conversion. This effort was made to save BMT assets by applying Islamic and humanitarian values.
Trophic controls on thermal adaptation of phytoplankton size and stoichiometry
Authors: Anderson David , O'Connor Mary , Kremer Colin
Published: June 2024

Temperature impacts physiological function, driving evolutionary
adaptation in physiological traits that influence ecosystem properties.
Temperature also impacts ecological rates, altering the strength of
trophic and competitive interactions. Yet, possible effects of
temperature-driven shifts in ecological interactions on physiological
adaptation are unclear. We investigate how ecological interactions shape
thermal adaptation of phytoplankton cell size, a trait that affects
macromolecular composition, Phosphorus:Carbon ratio, competitive
ability, and grazing susceptibility. We identify evolutionarily stable
strategies in a nutrient-phytoplankton-zooplankton system. We find that
trophic interactions strongly impact the evolutionarily stable cell size
across temperatures. Without zooplankton, cell size and P:C ratio
declines monotonically with temperature. With zooplankton, cell size and
P:C ratio varies unimodally with temperature, due to
temperature-dependent shifts in the grazer’s capacity to ease nutrient
competition by controlling phytoplankton. Size-selective grazing does
not qualitatively alter this result but facilitates diversification. We
conclude that ecological interactions play critical roles in
physiological adaptation to warming.
UnderwaterImage2IR: Underwater Impulse Response Generation via Dual-Path Pre-trained Networks and CGAN
Authors: Zhang Yisheng , Liu Shiguang
Published: June 2024

In the field of acoustic simulation, methods that are widely applied and
have been proven to be highly effective rely on accurately capturing the
impulse response (IR) and its convolution relationship. This paper
introduces a novel approach, named as UnderwaterImage2IR, that generates
acoustic IRs from underwater images using Dual-Path Pre-trained
Networks. This technique aims to achieve cross-modal conversion from
underwater visual images to acoustic information with high accuracy at a
low cost. Our method utilizes deep learning technology by integrating
Dual-Path Pre-trained Networks and Conditional Generative Adversarial
Networks to generate acoustic IRs that match the observed scenes. One
branch of the network focuses on the extraction of spatial features from
images, while the other is dedicated to recognizing underwater
characteristics. These features are fed into the Conditional GAN
network, which is trained to generate acoustic IRs corresponding to the
observed scenes, thereby achieving high-accuracy acoustic simulation in
an efficient manner. Experimental results, compared with the ground
truth and evaluated by human experts, demonstrate the significant
advantages of our method in generating underwater acoustic IRs, further
proving its potential application in underwater acoustic simulation.
Pharmaceutical waste from a Danish hospital
Authors: Overgaard Lærke Karner , Johansen Katrine Bitsch , Krumborg Julie Rudbech , Nielsen Michelle Lyndgaard , Christensen Mette Marie Hougaard , Pedersen Sidsel Arnspang
Published: June 2024

The healthcare sector is a major contributor of greenhouse gas
emissions, and reduction and proper sorting of healthcare waste is
essential to achieve sustainable healthcare. This study aimed to
characterize the quantity and composition of pharmaceutical waste from a
major Danish hospital. Pharmaceutical waste was collected from Odense
University Hospital, including departments located in both Odense and
Svendborg. The average daily production of pharmaceutical waste was 1150
g/day in Odense and 5967 g/day in Svendborg, with the operating rooms in
Svendborg contributing 3143 g/day. The amount and composition of
pharmaceutical waste varied greatly between departments, but some common
patterns were identified. Propofol accounted for about one third of the
pharmaceutical waste obtained from operating rooms. Antibiotics for
systemic use constituted a significant proportion of the pharmaceutical
waste from several departments, and were the therapeutic group from
which most different drugs were identified. Paracetamol accounted for
33.5% of the discarded tablets/capsules in Odense and 12.6% in
Svendborg. Medications dispensed by automated dose dispensing accounted
for a significant proportion of the discarded tablets/capsules in
departments using this service. This study highlights some key areas for
reduction and management of pharmaceutical waste, and contributes to the
currently limited evidence within this area.
Advancements in Deepfake Detection: A Multimodal Approach for Safeguarding Against Manipulated Facial Imagery
Authors: Ali Ghulam , Rashid Javed , Rahman Abdul , Akram Arslan , Shah Dilawar , Ali Shujaat , Tahir Muhammad
Published: June 2024

New developments in computer vision and deep learning have hastened the
creation of more realistic synthetic face images, like Deepfake, that
can change a person’s look and emotions. Some famous people have fallen
victim to adult content manipulation applications like deepfake and
face-swap, which have disrupted society despite the programs’ innocent
beginnings. In order to safeguard individuals’ privacy and keep society
stable, it is essential to invest in the development of algorithms that
can identify instances of inaccurate portrayals of faces in media. A new
approach for Deepfake video recognition is presented in this paper. It
utilizes an ensemble learning strategy that includes a multimodal
approach (CNN, MobileNetV2, and LSTM). Considering that video
compression increases frame redundancy, our proposed method employs a
frame-level stream to mitigate network noise and prevent overfitting
associated with compression issues. The main goal of the feature
extraction in the multimodal technique is to obtain face areas from
video frames. The proposed model is proved to be efficient by the
experimental findings, which demonstrate an average prediction accuracy
of 93.80% for the FaceForensics++ dataset and 98.13% for the Celeb-DF
dataset. We prove that our method works by proving that our strategy
beats standalone models on a variety of diverse datasets.
CRIMINAL LIABILITY IN THE ACT OF THEFT (VIDE ARTICLE 362 KUHP) OF GOLD WHICH IS COMMITTED ON A CONTINUOUS BASIS (VOORTGEZETTE HANDELING VIDE ARTICLE 64 KUHP)
Authors: Adistyawan Fany , Rubaie Ach , Khoidin M , Djaja Dudik
Published: June 2024

Continuing actions are a combination of several actions committed by a person, where between one action and another action there has never been a judge's decision that has permanent legal force, so that the perpetrator is subject to a certain method of punishment, as stipulated in article 64 of the Criminal Code. This combined form in Dutch is known as "Voortgezette Handling". The form of continuous action can be identified if a person commits several actions and some of these actions are separate crimes but among these actions, there is such a close relationship with one another that several of these actions must be considered as one continuous action. Continued theft is explained in Article 362 of the Criminal Code Jo Article 64 Paragraph (1) of the Criminal Code. The formulation of the problem in this study is how is the legal responsibility for the crime of gold theft by continuing Article 362 of the Criminal Code in conjunction with Article 64 paragraph (1) of the Criminal Code and law enforcement for the crime of gold theft by continuing Article 362 of the Criminal Code in conjunction with Article 64 Paragraph (1) of the Criminal Code. The type of method applied in this research is normative legal research, where normative legal research is a scientific research procedure to find truth based on scientific logic from a normative perspective. using a statutory regulation approach is analyzed using qualitative normative methods with inductive logic, namely thinking from specific matters to general matters. Criminal responsibility is the responsibility of a person for the crime he has committed. Strictly speaking, that person is responsible for the crime he committed. Thus, the occurrence of criminal liability because there has been a criminal act committed by someone. Criminal responsibility is essentially a mechanism built by criminal law to react to violations of the "agreement to refuse" a certain act.Law enforcement by the Pasuruan Police through investigation and investigation the conclusion that it is strongly suspected that the suspect has violated Article 362 of the Criminal Code in conjunction with Article 64 Paragraph (1) of the Criminal Code. Meanwhile, the basis for the judge's consideration in deciding the case is that the legal facts that emerged during the trial, prove that all the elements of Article 362 Jo. Article 64 paragraph (1) of the Criminal Code has been fulfilled, so the Defendant must be legally and convincingly proven to have committed the crime as charged in the Public Prosecutor's single Indictment.
LAJU PERTUMBUHAN, FASE FENOLOGIS DAN PRODUKSI TANAMAN STROBERI (Fragaria spp.) DI DATARAN RENDAH DENGAN PERLAKUAN PUPUK NPK: KAJIAN TENTANG ADAPTASI TANAMAN TERHADAP PERUBAHAN IKLIM
Authors: Aryani Nelita , Manik Tumiar Katarina , Timotiwu Paul Benyamin , Agustiansyah Agustiansyah
Published: June 2024

Perubahan iklim ditandai dengan naiknya suhu udara, sehingga penelitian pengaruh perubahan iklim terhadap tanaman dapat dimulai dengan mempelajari bagaimana pengaruh kenaikan suhu udara terhadap laju pertumbuhan tanaman serta produksinya.  Penelitian ini yang dilakukan dengan menanam Stroberi di dataran rendah bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah sebagai tanaman dataran tinggi Stroberi dapat beradaptasi di dataran rendah, dan untuk mengetahui apakah pupuk NPK dapat membantu tanaman Stroberi mencapai tahap pertumbuhan dan fenologis seperti habitat asalnya di dataran tinggi.  Penelitian dilaksanakan di laboratorium iklim mikro Sukarame, Bandar Lampung dengan ketinggian 150 m dpl dengan radiasi 180,57 Watt/ m2, rata-rata suhu udara 26,3ºC, dan kelembaban udaranya 66,4%, pada bulan November 2020 sampai dengan Januari 2021 .  Dalam penelitian ini diberikan dua perlakuan yaitu tanpa pemberian pupuk (P0) dan dengan pemberian pupuk(P1).  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pupuk NPK memberikan pengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan pada fase vegetatif, tetapi Stroberi tetap tidak mencapai fase generatif meskipun Growing Degree Days yang didapat sudah mencapai 972,35.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN POLYACRYLAMIDE DAN DOLOMIT TERHADAP INDEKS DISPERSI
Authors: Novaldho Renkky Satria , Afandi Afandi , Setiawati Astriana Rahmi , Banuwa Irwan Sukri
Published: June 2024

Dispersi dimengerti sebagai pemisahan partikel tanah sehingga membuat suatu agregat tanah menjadi tidak mantap. Kemantapan agregat tanah dapat didefinisikan sebagai kemampuan tanah untuk bertahan terhadap gaya-gaya yang akan merusaknya. Agregat tanah yang mantap akan mempertahankan sifat-sifat tanah yang baik untuk pertumbuhan tanaman, seperti porositas yang baik dan ketersediaan air yang lebih lama dibandingkan dengan agregat tanah tidak mantap. Sehingga pada penelitian ini dilakukan pemberian Polyacrylamide PAM dan dolomit dengan tujuan menahan terjadinya pendispersian dan memperbaiki sifat fisika tanah. Penelitian ini dilakukan di laboratorium ilmu tanah fakultas pertanian universitas lampung pada bulan September 2018 sampai Oktober 2018. Penelitian dilakukan dengan cara memasukkan 1 kg tanah ke polybag dan diulang sebanyak 4 kali dan diberi PAM dan Dolomit dengan Dosis 1,5 gram/liter sampai 3,5 gram/liter. Rancangan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah rancangan acak kelompok yang terdiri dari 4 perlakuan dengan 4 ulangan pada setiap percobaan. Metode yang digunakan dalam perhitungan indeks dispersi ialah metode hydrometer dengan mengukur tekstur tanah tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian PAM dan Dolomit tidak berbeda nyata dalam menekan terjadinya pendispersian.
PENGARUH GULUDAN DAN PEMUPUKAN TERHADAP ALIRAN PERMUKAAN DAN EROSI PADA PERTANAMAN SINGKONG (Manihot esculenta Crantz) TAHUN KETUJUH
Authors: Sanjaya Purba , Banuwa Irwan Sukri , Basri Ari Kusuma , Afandi Afandi , Surnayanti Surnayanti , Masruri Niskan Walid
Published: June 2024

Lampung merupakan salah satu produsen singkong tertinggi di Indoneisia yang memiliki potensi untuk mencukupi permintaan singkong nasional. Meinurut data Kemeintrian pertanian republik Indonesia (2022), Rata rata produktivitas singkong di Provinsi Lampung pada tahun 2014—2018 mencapai 26,23 ton ha-1, dengan luas area rata rata 259.334 ha, angka tersebut lebih sedikit dibandingkan dengan provinsi sumatra barat yang memiliki rata rata produktivitas mencapai 40,77 ton ha-1 dengan luas area rata rata 51.06 ha dan Provinsi Sumatra Utara yang memiliki rata rata produktivitas 33,58 ton ha-1 dengan luas area rata rata 33.550 ha. Rendahnya produktivitas singkong di Provinsi Lampung ini dapat disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor, salah satunya adalah aliran permukan dan erosi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh guludan dan pemupukan terhadap aliran permukaan, erosi dan koefisien run off pada pertanaman singkong. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada Bulan Februari—Desember 2021 di Laboratorium Lapang Terpadu, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Lampung. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok Lengkap Faktorial (2x2). Faktor pertama adalalah konservasi tanah atau guludan (G1: guludan searah lereng, G2: guludan memotong lereng) dan faktor kedua adalah pemupukan (P0: tanpa pemupukan, P1: pemberian pupuk kompos 10 ton ha-1, NPK Phonska 300 kg ha-1 dan Urea 200 kg ha-1). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan guludan berpengaruh nyata terhadap variabel irosi, aliran permukaan dan koefisien run off, sedangkan perlakuan pemupukan hanya berpengaruh nyata terhadap variabel aliran permukaan dan koefisien run off. Penggunaan guludan memotong lereng lebih baik dalam mengurangi erosi aliran permukaan, dan koefisien run off dibandingkan dengan penggunaan guludan searah lereng pada pertanaman singkong Gajah. Penanaman di atas guludan memotong lereng mampu menekan Erosi sebesar 59,72%, aliran permukaan sebesar 35,49%, dan menurunkan koefisien dari 0,199 menjadi 0,127. Pemberian pupuk kompos 10 ton ha-1, NPK Phonska 300 kg ha-1 dan Urea 200 kg ha-1dapat mengurangi erosi sebesar 17,19%, aliran permukaan sebesar 32,92%, dan menurunkan koefisien run off dari 0,205 menjadi 0,122.
UJI EFEKTIVITAS PERLAKUAN PERENDAMAN BAHAN ORGANIK TERHADAP PEMATAHAN DORMANSI BENIH PADI (Oryza sativa L.) LOKAL RONDO NUNUT
Authors: Putri Ria , Hakim Nurman Abdul , Wahyuni Ari , Purwaningsih Dina Ayu
Published: June 2024

Penggunaan benih bermutu menjadi kunci utama dalam sistem budidaya tanaman. Oleh sebab itu, pemulia tanaman terus melakukan inovasi untuk menghasilkan benih baru yang bermutu dengan karakteristik dan daya hasil yang banyak diminati oleh petani. Rondo Nunut adalah salah satu benih padi lokal yang saat ini sudah sampai pada tahap pemurnian varietas dan akan diajukan untuk pelepasan varietas baru. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu mengetahui larutan ZPT alami dan lama waktu perendaman yang efektif digunakan untuk pematahan dormansi benih padi lokal Rondo Nunut dengan masa simpan 7 hari setelah panen, serta mengetahui interaksi antar perlakuan yang dicobakan. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dua faktor dengan 3 ulangan. Faktor pertama yaitu larutan perendaman (aquades, air kelapa muda, ekstrak bawang merah, air cucian beras, dan KNO3) dan faktor kedua yaitu lama waktu perendaman (24 jam dan 48 jam). Variabel pengamatan yang dilakukan yaitu daya berkecambah, kecambah abnormal, benih segar tidak tumbuh, indeks vigor, potensi tumbuh maksimum, panjang plumula, panjang radikula, panjang kecambah, dan berat basah kecambah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan perendaman benih padi menggunakan aquades, larutan air kelapa muda, ekstrak bawang merah, air cucian beras dengan konsentrasi 50%, dan larutan KNO3 3% selama 24 jam dan 48 jam tidak efektif digunakan untuk pematahan dormansi benih padi lokal varietas Rondo Nunut dengan masa simpan 7 HSP.  Ketidakseimbangan hormonal diduga menjadi salah satu penyebabnya.
PENGARUH VARIETAS DAN KESEHATAN TANAMAN TERHADAP PRODUKSI DAN TINGKAT SERANGAN HAMA PENGGEREK BATANG DAN PENGGEREK TONGKOL JAGUNG DI DESA PURNAMA TUNGGAL, TERBANGGI BESAR, LAMPUNG
Authors: Ringo Andrew , Susilo FX. , Solikhin Solikhin , Swibawa I Gede
Published: June 2024

Jagung (Zea mays L) merupakan salah satu komoditas tanaman pangan yang penting di Indonesia, khususnya di Provinsi Lampung. Upaya pengembangan tanaman jagung di Indonesia masih menemui beberapa kendala. Salah satunya serangan hama, yaitu penggerek tongkol (Helicoverpa armigera Hubner) dan penggerek batang (Ostrinia furnacalis Guenne). Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini yaitu: untuk mengetahui tingkat serangan hama dan produksi pada empat varietas jagung, serta pengaruh interaksi kesehatan tanaman dan varietas terhadap produksi jagung. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada Desember 2018 di Desa Purnama Tunggal, Terbanggi Besar, Lampung Tengah, Lampung. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen pengamatan di lahan. Lahan jagung ditanami empat varietas berbeda: BIMA, P-35, P-27, dan NK-6172, seluas 2 ha. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bobot tongkol sehat sebesar 1.325,9 g/5 tongkol dan bobot tongkol sakit sebesar 1.020,6 g/5 tongkol. Bobot pipilan sehat sebesar 938,2 g/5 tongkol dan bobot pipilan sakit sebesar 675,9 g/5 tongkol. Varietas NK-6172 memiliki produksi bobot tongkol, bobot pipilan, susut bobot pipilan, dan susut bobot tongkol jagung tertinggi. Varietas P-35 memiliki keterjadian serangan hama penggerek tongkol tertinggi (18,05%), sedangkan varietas BIMA memiliki nilai keterjadian serangan hama penggerek batang tertinggi (1,36%). Interaksi kesehatan tanaman dan varietas, tidak berbeda nyata