bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Iconic symbols in Femi Osofisan’s Once Upon Four Robbers
Authors: Essi David
Published: November 2023

Femi Osofisan is a committed playwright who believes fervently in emphasizing the social responsibility of the playwright. He has sought in several ways to make the theatre reflect the problems of the Nigerian society and to make his plays a platform for exploring these social issues. His plays are replete with symbols which explore these social ills in Nigeria. Examples abound in Once Upon Four Robbers, Yungba Yungba and the Dance Contest, Aringindin and the Night Watchmen, Many Colours Make The Thunder King, Red is the Freedom Road etc. This paper seeks to examine, interpret the Iconic Symbols in Once Upon Four Robbers and how these symbols reflect the very concrete and biting socio-political statements. The paper submits, therefore, that Osofisan deliberately employ symbols in Once Upon Four Robbers to show the society for what it is and for the audience (readers) to have a fuller comprehension of his dramaturgy.
Female voice and space in Fred Agbeyegbe’s The King Must Dance Naked and Woe unto Death
Authors: Ovie-Jack Matilda Eyituoyo
Published: November 2023

This paper is to examine the fictional expression of female voice and space as a powerful feminist mode of resistance against patriarchy, while examining such terms as feminism, womanism, voice and space as they relate to female expression of self-identity. Womanism is applied in the African context to explore the social cultural setting and female struggles in Fred Agbeyegbe‟s The King Must Dance Naked and Woe Unto Death. This paper addresses issues like discrimination, stereotyping, patriarchy, oppression, and sexual rights. This study will also make known the positive transformation of the woman‟s voice and space, such that women are not marginalized but are treated equally in all spheres of life. The African woman, like most women out there can be a full time house wife and also cope with her social and political lifestyle. The study concludes that the female personnel in the two plays under investigation are those who are able to disregard and rise above patriarchy in the African cultural space.
Literature, revolution and healing the society
Authors: Okocha Godfrey Obiajulu
Published: November 2023

Literature and revolution are motifs aimed at exploring the enormous contributions and roles played by the study of literature across Africa. This study is mostly centered on the dilemma tales of Ama Ata Aidoo‟s The Dilemma of a Ghost (1965) and Athol Fugard‟s Statement Plays (1972). The paper argues that the discipline is far above bibliolatry and it further examines the authority in which the discipline wields in the society. This preconceived power in the discipline is expressed through the study of themes and dramatic techniques as seen in the plays of the two playwrights from different regions of Africa exploring the socio-political wound that led to the reactions and concern of great writers and playwright like Athol Fugard and Ama Ata Aidoo. Fugard‟s Statement Plays (1972) especially the stapled parts appear to be neglected as a result of its complexities and dynamic socio-political situation that may be summarized as “apartheid”. The Dilemma of a Ghost (1965) delineates on folk drama in modern theatre. It is a dramatic art of storytelling where by the theatre or environment is combined with eating and drinking, poetry reading and plays. It is the techniques and convention that matter most in this kind of drama where issues of morals are examined. This plays can also be classified as dilemma tale; a tale which poses a difficult questions of moral or legal significance on older and younger generation. The two plays therefore are a response to the various anger and attack of different sorts arising from the social and political upheavals in the society. For proper evaluation and explication of this research the theoretical framework adopted for this study is the post-colonial theory which makes the work more relevant and appropriate for the evaluation of the issues that transcends between socio-political and economic life of Africans and further reinstates that literature uses revolution to heal all kinds of debilitating wounds whether political, social or emotional.
Towards a Linguistic Study of Personal Names
Authors: Omachonu Gideon Sunday , Ejeba Salem Ochala
Published: November 2023

Most studies on Igala names so far have concentrated on the philosophy and meaning of names thereby neglecting the core linguistics of the names. Besides examining the significance of Igala names, this study employs a multi-level interface approach to examine the extent of the grammar of the Igala language embedded in the personal names. This is with a view to emphasizing the interactions and interdependence of the core levels of linguistic analysis in the derivation of the names. Data gathering for the study comprises a comprehensive compilation of contemporary and common Igala personal names in addition to those found in Omachonu (2019) and Ejeba (2019). The findings show that the names constitute a prism through which the culture and the totality of the Igala cosmology are viewed. Also, the results of the analysis of the structure show attestation of phonological, morphological and syntactic processes known in Igala grammar. The study concludes that Igala names reflect to a large extent, the grammar of the Igala language and that it is not only possible to learn basic Igala through a study of the names but to, an extent, describe the grammar of the language using the names.
Ofeimun and the Nigerian Polis: Lithomancy as Agency
Authors: Agbamu Aghogho
Published: November 2023

What establishes Odia Ofeimun‟s reputation for public intellectualism is his oft-polemic versification, appreciated in critical circles as the fulcrum for his commentaries on the Nigerian polity. Ofeimun‟s anthology chosen for the present study is I will ask questions with stones if they take my voice (2014 [2008]). The study seeks to underscore fresh vistas for the interpretation of his concerns about the Nigerian polis, powered particularly by the figurative agency of lithomancy. Ofeimun‟s lyricism is thus approached from the reconstruction of the anthology‟s title as an inquest by stone, and as divinatory parables on the abject Nigerian condition. Selected poems in the anthology that are intimate with such construal will be interpreted as divination monologues excreting the people‟s deprivations, as presented by poet and poet-persona. The objective here is to critique the import of Ofeimun‟s poetic praxis on the Nigerian national consciousness with the selected anthology. However, this will be pursued by rendering lithomancy as a distinctive enterprise of citizen activism, as a strategy of negotiating the abject, and as a trope that junctures off the typical reading of Ofeimun in the radical breath.
Examining the Relationship between Corporate Social Responsibility Practices and Firm Reputation in the Financial Services Sector in Brazil
Authors: Miguel Leandro
Published: November 2023

Purpose: The aim of the study was to Examine the Relationship between Corporate Social Responsibility Practices and Firm Reputation in the Financial Services Sector in Brazil

Methodology: The study adopted a desktop methodology. Desk research refers to secondary data or that which can be collected without fieldwork. Desk research is basically involved in collecting data from existing resources hence it is often considered a low cost technique as compared to field research, as the main cost is involved in executive’s time, telephone charges and directories. Thus, the study relied on already published studies, reports and statistics. This secondary data was easily accessed through the online journals and library

Findings: The study examining the relationship between Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) practices and firm reputation in the financial services sector in Brazil found a strong positive correlation between the two variables. Financial firms that actively engaged in CSR initiatives were observed to have significantly enhanced their reputation among stakeholders, including customers, investors, and the public. This positive reputation was attributed to the perception of ethical and socially responsible behavior, ultimately leading to increased trust and loyalty from clients and improved financial performance for the firms involved in CSR activities.

Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The stakeholder theory, legitimacy theory and legitimacy theory may be used to anchor future studies on the examining the relationship between corporate social responsibility practices and firm reputation in the financial services sector in Brazil. Regular, detailed, and standardized reporting on CSR initiatives can improve stakeholder trust and help investors make informed decisions. Collaborate with regulators and industry associations to establish a comprehensive regulatory framework for CSR practices in the financial services sector.
Telefonische triage door de Noodcentrale 112 versus fysieke triage op de spoedgevallendienst: een vergelijking
Authors: Beck S. , Ali E. , Wauters L. , Bronselaer K. , Verelst S.
Published: November 2023

Telephone triage by the 112 emergency center versus physical triage at the emergency department: a comparison

Operators of the 112 emergency center (EC 112) use medical protocols to convert a request for help into a severity level and thus a specific resource. At the emergency department (ED), a physical triage is performed by the triage nurse. The primary goal was to compare the severity level assigned by EC 112 with the ED triage score. The secondary goal was to compare the activated medical protocol by EC 112 with the main complaint registered by the triage nurse.

A retrospective cohort study was performed with data collected from the database of the EC 112 Flemish Brabant (Belgium) of all adult patients (≥ 18 years) referred to the ED of the University Hospital Leuven via the mobile urgency group (MUG), the paramedical intervention team (PIT) or the ambulance in 2019. A matched severity level determined by EC 112 was compared to an a priori matched emergency triage score.

For the 5,519 included patients, the severity level assigned by EC 112 for the MUG, PIT and ambulance corresponded in respectively 91.5%, 86.7% and 53.9% of the cases with the severity level according to the ED triage score. For the MUG, PIT and ambulance, the activated medical protocol corresponded in respectively 60.9%, 62.1% and 58.8% of the cases with the main complaint registered by the triage nurse.

This study showed a high degree of correspondence between the resources MUG and PIT sent out by the operators of EC 112 and the ED triage score. A higher PIT deployment may lead to time and efficiency gains.
Pengaruh Perilaku Bullying terhadap Minat Belajar Siswa di Kelas IV SD Swasta HKBP Tomuan Pematang Siantar
Authors: Silaban Ida Sihenrawati , Pasaribu Eva , Sirait Jumaria
Published: November 2023

Minat mempunyai peranan sangat penting didalam hidup siswa dan memiliki dampak yang sangat besar terhadap sikap dan perilaku. Siswa yang berminat dalam kegiatan belajar maka akan berusaha lebih keras dibanding dengan siswa yang kurang berminat terhadap belajar. Metode penelitian digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif Dalam hasil uji normalitas yang menggunakan sampel Kolmogrov smirnov diperoleh hasil signifikasi sebesar 0,200 maka dapat disimpulkan pada kelas IV mendapatkan hasil signifikasi > 0,05 sehingga uji normalitas berdistribusi normal. Pada uji linear dengan dilihat dari nilai signifikasi devatiation from linearity adalah 0,103 yang menunjukkan bahwa nilai linerty lebih besar dari 0,05 sehingga terdapat pengaruh yang linear antara variabel perilaku bullying terhadap minat belajar siswa. Pada hasil uji t peneliti menggunakan Coefficients yang membuktikan bahwa perilaku bullying (variabel X) dengan angka 3.597>1.703 dan nilai sig 0,01ttabel yaitu 3.597>1.703 hal ini menunjukkan bahwa perilaku bullying berpengaruh terhadap minat belajar siswa di kelas IV SD Swasta HKBP Tomuan Pematang Siantar, sehingga Ha diterima dan Ho ditolak.
Pengungkapan CSR, Ukuran Perusahaan, Leverage dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Profitabilitas Perusahaan Basic Materials BEI 2019-2021
Authors: Pangestu Juan Carlos , Setiawan Temy , Kurniawan Stephani
Published: November 2023

Penelitian   ini    bertujuan   untuk  menganalisis   pengaruh Pengungkapan CSR, Ukuran Perusahaan, Leverage dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Profitabilitas  terhadap  Profitabilitas. Penelitian   ini menggunakan   data   sekunder   yang diperoleh dari laporan keuangan maupun laporan tahunan perusahaan. Populasi dari penelitian ini yaitu perusahaan sektor Basic Material yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia selama periode 2019 - 2021. Pengambilan sampel pada penelitian ini  yaitu  menggunakan purposive  sampling  sehingga  diperoleh  sebanyak  60 sampel.  Metode analisis  yang  digunakan  yaitu  analisis  regresi linier berganda.  Hasil  penelitian  menunjukkan bahwa Leverage memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan dengan arah negatif terhadap profitabilitas sedangkan variabel Pengungkapan CSR dan Ukuran Perusahaan tidak memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap profitabilitas. Penelitian selanjutnya disarankan untuk menambah variabel lainnya seperti Likuiditas atau Modal intelektual dan sebaiknya tidak menggunakan variabel ukuran perusahaaan lagi sebagai independen
O BENEFÍCIOS DO TREINO DE FORÇA GERAL PARA A SAÚDE DO IDOSO: UM ESTUDO DE REVISÃO BIBLIOGRÁFICA
Authors: Godinho Luiz Henrique , Biage Edson Leandro
Published: November 2023

O estudo a seguir fundamentou-se no caráter bibliográfico – descritivo, pautado em livros e arquivos da internet, compondo uma pesquisa bibliográfica qualitativa. Salientando seu desenvolvimento feito por etapas, onde partindo da pesquisa exploratória, foram analisados artigos e livros de autores que abordam a temática, com subsídios para a realização deste estudo, constituindo-se em fonte secundária, ou seja, buscando o levantamento de livros e revistas de relevante interesse para a pesquisa, referindo-se aos benefícios do treinamento de força geral pra a saúde do idoso. Desta forma, tem-se a seguinte pergunta de pesquisa. Qual a importância do treinamento de força para a melhora na qualidade de vida do idoso? Tendo como objetivo geral, analisar os benefícios dos exercícios e do treinamento de força para a saúde do idoso, e como objetivos específicos, I compreender os benefícios do treinamento de força na saúde da pessoa idosa, II descrever o processo de envelhecimento no Brasil; III conhecer os riscos à saúde do idoso; buscando, pois, subsídios e estudos para melhor qualificação. A metodologia utilizada para o desenvolvimento deste estudo, foi através de pesquisa bibliográfica. Nos resultados encontrados durante a realização deste estudo, pode-se perceber que todos os autores caminham na mesma direção, indo de encontro com uma resposta positiva a primeira hipótese encontrada, quando questionamos a importância do treinamento de força para a melhora na qualidade de vida do idoso.
Strategi Pemasaran Media Sosial untuk Meningkatkan Penjualan
Authors: Aboy R. Iqratul Iman , Ester Liana , Fionna Fionna , Louis Celwin , Sinambela Fitriana Aidnilla
Published: November 2023

Kegiatan Pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk membantu UMKM Fragrant Cakes House Batam dengan cara membuat strategi pemasaran melalui media sosial (Tik Tok, Facebook dan Instagram) dalam upaya untuk meningkatkan penjualan pada UMKM. Dengan tujuan UMKM ini dapat dikenal dan dijangkau lebih banyak orang khususnya generasi muda, dapat bersaing dengan kompetitor dibidang serupa dan meningkatkan penjualan dari UMKM Fragrant Cakes House Batam, Produk yang dihasilkan yaitu moon cake (kue bulan). Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah pembelian moon cake (kue bulan) sangat identik dengan tradisi perayaan moon cake festival saja, sehingga penjualan melonjak hanya di saat perayaan moon cake festival saja sedangkan dihari biasa penjualan kurang optimal. Oleh sebab itu, peneliti membantu UMKM Fragrant Cakes House memaksimalkan strategi pemasaran dan penjualannya dengan target utama generasi Z, Y hingga X.
ROL DE LOS MEDIOS DE COMUNICACIÓN EN LA SENSIBILIZACIÓN MEDIOAMBIENTAL DE LA SOCIEDAD
Authors: Olaya-Reyes Johana , Candell-Saldarreaga Ana María , Landeta-Bejarano Nathalie , Toral-Reyes Víctor Hugo
Published: November 2023

Los ciudadanos se informan de las noticias medioambientales a través de los medios de comunicación, y se transforman en su fuente principal informativa, enfatizando sucesos o crisis a las cuales habían sido ajenos. Por tanto, la concienciación ambiental está directamente relacionada al grado de información a la que han sido expuestos, lo cual influye en la construcción de actitudes sociales. El objetivo de la investigación fue determinar el grado de información que tiene el ciudadano promedio acerca de las problemáticas medioambientales de su comunidad y analizar si los medios de comunicación están cumpliendo su función educativa, informativa y socializadora. La investigación de tipo descriptiva se realizó a través de 224 encuestas a ciudadanos de Babahoyo, entre 18 a 72 años de edad. Los hallazgos demuestran un bajo grado de concienciación medioambiental por parte de la población, desconocen incluso quiénes son los involucrados, a pesar de ser evidente el deterioro de los recursos naturales, los residuos y desechos no gestionados convenientemente, y la contaminación de tierra, agua y aire por vertidos no controlados, entre otros.
Cheikh Anta Diop, penseur panafricaniste
Authors: Boukari-Yabara Amzat , Mourre Martin
Published: November 2023

Ce numéro de la Revue d’histoire contemporaine de l’Afrique prend pour objet la pensée et l’action politique de Cheikh Anta Diop. Principalement connu pour son travail scientifique initié à la fin des années 1940 où il s’intéresse, à partir du continent africain, à l’origine des civilisations humaines, à leurs généalogies et influences réciproques, Diop a montré à la fois le caractère « nègre », selon le vocabulaire de l’époque, de l’Égypte antique et l’unité culturelle des peuples d’Afrique subsaharienne depuis la préhistoire jusqu’à l’appa- rition des « empires » du Moyen-Âge. Ce faisant, ses travaux dénoncent aussi ce qu’il nomme la « falsification moderne de l’histoire », qu’il juge être le fait de la plupart des égyptologues occidentaux. Mais Cheikh Anta Diop fut aussi un militant panafricaniste de premier plan prônant, au moment des décolonisations, la mise en place d’un État fédéral pour l’Afrique. Sur le plan politique, il produisit ainsi un travail d’élaboration théorique très important tandis qu’il fut aussi un organisateur des luttes politiques, principalement en France et au Sénégal.
Sciences exactes et renaissance de l’Afrique dans l’œuvre de Cheikh Anta Diop
Authors: M’Backé Diop Cheikh
Published: November 2023

Les « sciences exactes » ont joué un rôle essentiel dans la formation intellectuelle de Cheikh Anta Diop (1923-1986) et ont occupé une place centrale, non seulement dans l’exercice de sa profession, mais également dans sa pensée politique et sa pensée philosophique. L’objectif de cet article est de mettre en relief les relations qui existent dans son œuvre entre les sciences exactes et sa vision prospective relative au futur du continent africain. La concrétisation de celle-ci, qui fait appel à la science et à la technologie, est de nature à faire renaître l’Afrique au sortir d’une « nuit » de près de cinq siècles. On rappelle succinctement l’itinéraire scientifique de Cheikh Anta Diop, avec un focus sur le laboratoire de datation par le radiocarbone de l’université de Dakar, qu’il créa et dirigea jusqu’à sa disparition. Sa vision stratégique pour la mise en œuvre d’une politique de développement scientifique et industriel efficiente du continent africain est exposée en évoquant l’organisation de son espace scientifique et technologique, en mettant l’accent sur la problématique énergétique et en abordant la question de la sécurité collective des Africains. La dernière partie porte sur l’actualité de sa pensée. Une annexe en fin d’article liste les différentes contributions de Cheikh Anta Diop dans le domaine des sciences.
To Determine The Diagnostic Accuracy of Urinary Nuclear Matrix Protein 22 in Detection of Recurrence of TCC Bladder Among Patients Who Are on Active Surveillance By Taking Cystoscopic Biopsy As A Gold Standard
Authors: Shireen Pyarali  , Sunil Kumar  , Rabeea Saleem  , Mehnaz Jabeen  , Altaf Hashmi  , Gauhar Sultan
Published: November 2023

Objective: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of urinary nuclear matrix protein 22 in detection of recurrence of TCC bladder among patients who are on active surveillance by taking cystoscopic biopsy as a gold standard.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study.Place and Duration of Study: Departments of Urology, Histopathology and Molecular Biology: Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation (SIUT), Karachi Pakistan, from Jan 2021 to Jun 2021.

Methodology: Total 83 patients previously biopsy proven bladder carcinoma who are on active surveillance whether or not they have received intravesical chemotherapy were included in this study. All the information were noted into proforma,

Results: The average age of the patients was 48.80±11.86 years. There were 46(55.42%) male and 37(44.58%) female. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy of urinary nuclear matrix protein 22 was 88.9%, 80%, 93.3%, 69.6% and 86.7% resepctively.Practical implication: This study will help us to diagnose TCC bladder in early stages and to manage it in time sothat morbidity and mortality may be reduced.

Conclusion: Measuring NMP22 level in the blood is a very important tool for detecting Tcc of the urinary bladder as it is much specific and sensitive test.
Improving active citizenship amongst the youth in Gweru using action research
Authors:   , Tafirei Takaedza
Published: November 2023

A lack of citizenship virtues among youth facilitates their participation in violent civic and political processes, as well as low participation in key democratic processes. Patriotism, respect, dialogue, unity, and tolerance are integral values of citizenship that facilitate citizens’ progressive participation in a democratic society. Some young people in Zimbabwe do not exhibit these virtues, as evidenced by their participation in electoral violence, and violent social service and human rights violations protests. The status quo shows little evidence of deliberate efforts made to inculcate peace-anchored citizenship virtues. This study adopted a qualitative research approach undergirded by a participatory action research design with the aim of improving citizenship virtues among selected youth in Gweru, Zimbabwe. Participants were selected using purposive sampling. Results reveal that that young people are not self-motivated to participate in violence, but there are contributing factors such as economic vulnerability and clientelism, frustrations from abuse of human rights, exclusion from decision-making processes, poor social service delivery, and coercion. It has also been flagged that there is low appreciation of peace-anchored citizenship virtues among the youth. It was therefore concluded that there is a need to blend inculcating citizenship virtues among the youth with promoting their economic empowerment. Hence, this research has designed a model on how to promote citizenship virtues among the youth through social entrepreneurship as action research.
Social Media usage (SMU) and Delinquent Behaviour (DB) among Secondary School Students in Delta State.
Authors: E Silas Courage , Okoh Prof. (Mrs.) E. E. Ebenuwa , Ugoji Prof. (Mrs.) F. N
Published: November 2023

This study examined the relationship between social media usage and delinquent behaviour among secondary school students in Delta state. In the course of the study, one research question and one hypothesis were tested. The correlational research design was adopted. The population was made up of 72,854 senior secondary school students in Delta State. A sample size of 1,045 students was selected through a multistage sampling procedure. A questionnaire made up of standardised items was used to gather data. The questionnaire was validated by experts’ judgement and factor analysis. The Cronbach alpha reliability coefficient was used to estimate the reliability index of the instrument. The Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation Coefficient of Determination was used to answer the research question, while regression statistics were used to test the hypotheses at the 0.05 level of significance. The findings of the study revealed that a significant positive relationship exists between social media usage and delinquent behaviour among secondary school students in Delta State. The researcher recommended that parents and other relevant stakeholders play their role in monitoring and reducing the amount of time teenagers spend on social media.
Effects of Six-Minute Walk Test on Cardiovascular Variables among Type 2 Diabetics
Authors: B Ajayi-Vincent O. , A Daramola A.
Published: November 2023

The study investigated the effects of six-minute walk test on functional capacity, cardiac workload, rate of perceived exertion and selected cardiovascular variables among type 2 diabetic patients. A total of forty (40) patients who had been diagnosed of type 2 diabetes mellitus and are attending the medical outpatient clinic of the Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital Ado-Ekiti were recruited through purposive sampling technique in which twenty (20) formed the experimental group and the remaining twenty (20) were control group. The pretest responses were obtained from both groups while the experimental group was subjected to eight (8) weeks of walking exercise, thereafter, the posttest responses were taken. The results from the study revealed that there was significant effect of six-minute walk test on functional capacity, rate of perceived exertion, systolic blood pressure and heart rate of type 2 diabetic patients but found no significant effect on cardiac workload and diastolic blood pressure. These changes were significant at p< 0.05. Therefore it was recommended that six-minute walk test could be used as home based exercise training designed on a long term basis to constitute a potent exercise therapy for enhancing health related quality of life among Type 2 diabetic patients as well as improve functional capacity, promote independence, and reduces exertion among Type 2 diabetic patients.
Seasonal Correlation Between the Atlantic Multiple Oscillation (AMO) and Mediterranean Temperature
Authors: Ben Miloud Haifa , Al Abadla Zaher
Published: November 2023

Numerous studies on the surface of the planet have focused on the role that oceans play in the increase in temperatures brought on by climatic changes. This study has primarily emphasized the long-term warming of the Atlantic Ocean and how it affects the seasonal temperature changes of the Mediterranean Sea as a whole as well as its constituent western, central, and eastern areas. In the fall and summer, a substantial positive connection of roughly (Pearson correlation r= 0.69) and (r=0.65), respectively, between the entire Mediterranean Sea and the AMO is evident, but this correlation declines in the spring and winter. Positive correlation increases in the western portion of the Mediterranean and diminishes in some areas as we move closer to the eastern Mediterranean; it reaches a maximum of (r=0.61) to (r=0.57) in the fall and summer seasons, respectively, and declines in the spring and winter. According to the findings, there is a noticeable increase in water temperature in the fall and summer, particularly in the western Mediterranean, which is influenced by AMO.
BENEFÍCIO DO PLASMA SANGUÍNEO NA ESTÉTICA: REVISÃO DA LITERATURA
Authors: Machado de Lima Alecrim Amanda , Sousa de Oliveira Renata , Rios da Silva Santana Leite Adriano
Published: November 2023

O plasma rico em plaquetas (PRP) é um componente do sangue que apresenta uma concentração significativamente superior de plaquetas em comparação com o sangue total. As plaquetas desempenham um papel crucial na coagulação e na cicatrização de feridas. O PRP é obtido por meio de um processo de centrifugação do próprio sangue do paciente, onde uma amostra de sangue é coletada e, em seguida, submetida à centrifugação para separar os diferentes componentes sanguíneos. O plasma resultante, que contém uma alta concentração de plaquetas, é então isolado e utilizado para fins terapêuticos. O objetivo deste trabalho é realizar uma revisão da literatura em bases de dados científicas, como Scielo, Lilacs e Scholar, com o propósito de elucidar a importância, benefícios, bem como os possíveis aspectos positivos e negativos do Plasma Rico em Plaquetas (PRP) na área da estética. Após a análise e síntese dos artigos, a revisão da literatura concluiu que o uso do plasma sanguíneo na estética representa uma abordagem promissora e altamente benéfica para os pacientes. Isso proporciona uma alternativa promissora e segura para aqueles que buscam melhorar sua aparência e autoconfiança, oferecendo resultados naturais e duradouros.
A ATUAÇÃO DO ENFERMEIRO FRENTE À ASSISTÊNCIA PUERPERAL: DEPRESSÃO PÓS-PARTO
Authors: Barbosa Thabata Moreti , Tinoco Michelle Messias
Published: November 2023

A enfermagem destaca-se em diversas áreas das ciências médicas, a obstetrícia está entre essas. A atuação da enfermagem obstétrica tem parecer legal e científico, sendo respaldado pela Lei do Exercício profissional de 1986, as resoluções do COFEN e pelas Portarias do Ministério da Saúde. Desde a criação do Sistema Único de Saúde existem protocolos que incentivam a enfermagem na área, dando autonomia para dar assistência em partos normais, cuidados com recém-nascido, emitir AIH (Autorização de Internação Hospitalar). Visto isso, o artigo a seguir busca na literatura informações relevantes que possam fornecer o papel do enfermeiro na área obstétrica e como ele pode assistir suas pacientes em situação de depressão pós-parto.
COMPETÊNCIA ADMINISTRATIVA EM MATÉRIA AMBIENTAL: FISCALIZAÇÃO
Authors: Maciel Giovanna de Paula Cardoso , Feller Thiago de Almeida
Published: November 2023

A competência administrativa em matéria ambiental refere-se ao conjunto de poderes e responsabilidades que uma entidade governamental ou agência governamental tem para gerenciar, regular e fazer cumprir as leis e regulamentos relacionados ao meio ambiente em uma jurisdição específica. A competência administrativa em matéria ambiental é fundamental para a proteção e preservação dos recursos naturais e a promoção do desenvolvimento sustentável. Com base nisso, esse estudo teve a finalidade de analisar a competência comum a qual atribui a todos entes federativos o dever de proteção do meio ambiente, a fim de resolver questões sobre impasse da administração do meio ambiente de forma separada pela União, Estados, Distrito Federal e Municípios. Na metodologia, tratou-se de revisão bibliográfica, baseada em estudos científicos e na jurisprudência, cujo recorte temporal se deu entre 2018 a 2023. Nos resultados, ficou evidenciado que é importante que existam cuidados especiais no exercício das competências constitucionais para que não haja atropelamento nos âmbitos correspondentes a cada ente federativo, e principalmente, que não ocorra omissão por parte dos operadores do Poder e lacunas em suas atividades.
Research and application of flexible measuring array for deep displacement of landslide
Authors: Li Yang , Li Zhong , Guo Qifeng , Liu Yimin , Zhang Daji
Published: November 2023

Abstract. The multi-dimensional and multi-sliding surface measurement of deep-seated displacement on landslides poses a significant technical challenge in landslide monitoring and early warning. The fixed borehole inclinometer serves as an important measurement method based on drilling for this purpose. In this study, a novel flexible measurement array for deep-seated landslide displacement and its installation and measurement process were developed, enabling higher accuracy in full-hole multi-dimensional deformation measurement. The measurement array consists of individual measurement probes as basic units, connected in series through coaxial cables and high-pressure rubber hoses, forming a flexible measurement array. Each probe is equipped with acceleration and magnetic field sensors, allowing for the measurement of borehole inclination and azimuth angles and providing a more comprehensive understanding of the deformation of deep-seated landslide. This flexible measurement array resolves the limitations of traditional fixed inclinometers, such as limited probe quantity or inaccurate installation positions that fail to reflect the deformation trend of the landslide body. Moreover, it eliminates the need for auxiliary installation accessories like pulleys and inclinometer pipes, simplifying the mechanical structure and installation process, which represents an advancement in methodology and an improvement in measurement techniques. This array provides a more comprehensive and improved monitoring tool for disaster prevention and mitigation, thereby enhancing the level of geological hazard monitoring and early warning technology.
Extreme ozone episodes in a major Mediterranean urban area
Authors: Massagué Jordi , Torre-Pascual Eduardo , Carnerero Cristina , Escudero Miguel , Alastuey Andrés , Pandolfi Marco , Querol Xavier , Gangoiti Gotzon
Published: November 2023

Abstract. This study analysed three extreme ozone (O3) episodes that occurred in Barcelona (NE Spain) during the summers of 2015, 2018, and 2019. These episodes were the only instances since at least the year 2000 when the EU's hourly information threshold (180 µg·m−3) was exceeded in the city. Understanding the phenomenology of these episodes is crucial owing to Barcelona's large population. Using experimental data and diverse modelling tools, the main objective was to elucidate the underlying phenomena of recent extreme O3 episodes, identify shared patterns and improve future predictions. The results revealed a complex interplay of factors contributing to the episodes, including (i) initial regional O3 accumulation, (ii) the potential impact of Tramontana winds on O3 transport into the western Mediterranean basin, (iii) O3 accumulation via vertical recirculation and horizontal circulation of the local pollution plume in a weakened sea breeze regime, (iv) convergence of polluted air masses from multiple sources, (v) calm upper layer winds, (vi) the weekend effect, and (vii) abnormally high temperatures. Some of these factors, which may manifest in the days preceding the episodes, are readily observable or can be anticipated. Consequently, the findings of this study enhance the understanding of the mechanisms driving these extreme O3 episodes and provide valuable insights for their prediction.
When ancient numerical demons meet physics-informed machine learning: adjoint-based gradients for implicit differentiable modeling
Authors: Song Yalan , Knoben Wouter J. M. , Clark Martyn P. , Feng Dapeng , Lawson Kathryn E. , Shen Chaopeng
Published: November 2023

Abstract. Recent advances in differentiable modeling, a genre of physics-informed machine learning that trains neural networks (NNs) together with process-based equations, has shown promise in enhancing hydrologic models’ accuracy, interpretability, and knowledge-discovery potential. Current differentiable models are efficient for NN-based parameter regionalization, but the simple explicit numerical schemes paired with sequential calculations (operator splitting) can incur large numerical errors whose impacts on models’ representation power and learned parameters are not clear. Implicit schemes, however, cannot rely on automatic differentiation to calculate gradients due to potential issues of gradient vanishing and memory demand. Here we propose a “discretize-then-optimize” adjoint method to enable differentiable implicit numerical schemes for the first time for large-scale hydrologic modeling. The adjoint model demonstrates comprehensively improved performance, with Kling-Gupta efficiency coefficients, peak-flow and low-flow metrics, and evapotranspiration that moderately surpass the already-competitive explicit model. Therefore, the previous sequential-calculation approach had a detrimental impact on the model’s ability to represent hydrologic dynamics. Furthermore, with a structural update that describes capillary rise, the adjoint model can better describe baseflow in arid regions and also produce low and peak flows that outperform even pure machine learning methods such as long short-term memory networks. The adjoint model rectified some parameter distortions but did not alter spatial parameter distributions, demonstrating the robustness of regionalized parameterization. Despite higher computational expenses and modest improvements, the adjoint model’s success removes the barrier for complex implicit schemes to enrich differentiable modeling in hydrology.
Modelling flood frequency and magnitude in a glacially conditioned, heterogeneous landscape: testing the importance of land cover and land use
Authors: Tetford Pamela E. , Desloges Joseph R.
Published: November 2023

Abstract. A reliable flood frequency analysis (FFA) requires selection of an appropriate statistical distribution to model historical streamflow data and, where streamflow data are not available (ungauged sites), a regression-based regional flood frequency analysis (RFFA) often correlates well with downstream channel discharge to drainage area relations. However, the predictive strength of the accepted RFFA relies on an assumption of homogeneous watershed conditions. For glacially conditioned fluvial systems, inherited glacial landforms, sediments, and variable land use can alter flow paths and modify flow regimes. This study compares a multivariate RFFA that considers 28 explanatory variables to characterize variable watershed conditions (i.e., surficial geology, climate, topography, and land use) to an accepted power-law relationship between discharge and drainage area. Archived gauge data from southern Ontario, Canada, are used to test these ideas. Mathematical goodness-of-fit criteria best estimate flood discharge for a broad range of flood recurrence intervals, i.e., 1.25, 2, 5, 10, 25, 50, and 100 years. The log-normal, Gumbel, log-Pearson type III, and generalized extreme value distributions are found most appropriate in 42.5 %, 31.9 %, 21.7 %, and 3.9 % of cases, respectively, suggesting that systematic model selection criteria are required for FFA in heterogeneous landscapes. Multivariate regression of estimated flood quantiles with backward elimination of explanatory variables using principal component and discriminant analyses reveal that precipitation provides a greater predictive relationship for more frequent flood events, whereas surficial geology demonstrates more predictive ability for high-magnitude, less-frequent flood events. In this study, all seven flood quantiles identify a statistically significant two-predictor model that incorporates upstream drainage area and the percentage of naturalized landscape with 5 % improvement in predictive power over the commonly used single-variable drainage area model (p<2.2×10-16). Leave-one-out model testing and an analysis of variance (ANOVA) further support the parsimonious two-predictor model when estimating flood discharge in this low-relief landscape with pronounced glacial legacy effects and heterogeneous land use.
Root zone soil moisture in over 25 % of global land permanently beyond pre-industrial variability as early as 2050 without climate policy
Authors: Lai En Ning , Wang-Erlandsson Lan , Virkki Vili , Porkka Miina , van der Ent Ruud J.
Published: November 2023

Abstract. Root zone soil moisture is a key variable representing water cycle dynamics that strongly interact with ecohydrological, atmospheric, and biogeochemical processes. Recently, it was proposed as the control variable for the green water planetary boundary, suggesting that widespread and considerable deviations from baseline variability now predispose Earth system functions critical to an agriculture-based civilization to destabilization. However, the global extent and severity of root zone soil moisture changes under future scenarios remain to be scrutinized. Here, we analysed root zone soil moisture departures from the pre-industrial climate variability for a multi-model ensemble of 14 Earth system models (ESMs) in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) in four climate scenarios as defined by the shared socioeconomic pathways (SSPs) SSP1–2.6, SSP2–4.5, SSP3–7.0, and SSP5–8.5 between 2021 and 2100. The analyses were done for 43 ice-free climate reference regions used by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). We defined “permanent departures” when a region's soil moisture exits the regional variability envelope of the pre-industrial climate and does not fall back into the range covered by the baseline envelope until 2100. Permanent dry departures (i.e. lower soil moisture than pre-industrial variability) were found to be most pronounced in Central America, southern Africa, the Mediterranean region, and most of South America, whereas permanent wet departures are most pronounced in south-eastern South America, northern Africa, and southern Asia. In the Mediterranean region, dry permanent departure may have already happened according to some models. By 2100, there are dry permanent departures in the Mediterranean in 70 % of the ESMs in SSP1–2.6, the most mitigated situation, and more than 90 % in SSP3–7.0 and SSP5–8.5, the medium–high and worst-case scenarios. North-eastern Africa is projected to experience wet permanent departures in 64 % of the ESMs under SSP1–2.6 and 93 % under SSP5–8.5. The percentage of ice-free land area with departures increases in all SSP scenarios as time goes by. Wet departures are more widespread than dry departures throughout the studied time frame, except in SSP1–2.6. In most regions, the severity of the departures increases with the severity of global warming. In 2050, permanent departures (ensemble median) occur in about 10 % of global ice-free land areas in SSP1–2.6 and in 25 % in SSP3–7.0. By the end of the 21st century, the occurrence of permanent departures in SSP1–2.6 increases to 34 % and, in SSP3–7.0, to 45 %. Our findings underscore the importance of mitigation to avoid further degrading the Earth system functions upheld by soil moisture.
Prediction of natural dry-snow avalanche activity using physics-based snowpack simulations
Authors: Mayer Stephanie , Techel Frank , Schweizer Jürg , van Herwijnen Alec
Published: November 2023

Abstract. Predicting the timing and size of natural snow avalanches is crucial for local and regional decision makers but remains one of the major challenges in avalanche forecasting. So far, forecasts are generally made by human experts interpreting a variety of data and drawing on their knowledge and experience. Using avalanche data from the Swiss Alps and one-dimensional physics-based snowpack simulations for virtual slopes, we developed a model predicting the probability of dry-snow avalanches occurring in the region surrounding automated weather stations based on the output of a recently developed instability model. This new avalanche day predictor was compared with benchmark models related to the amount of new snow. Evaluation on an independent data set demonstrated the importance of snow stratigraphy for natural avalanche release, as the avalanche day predictor outperformed the benchmark model based on the 3 d sum of new snow height (F1 scores: 0.71 and 0.65, respectively). The averaged predictions of both models resulted in the best performance (F1 score: 0.75). In a second step, we derived functions describing the probability for certain avalanche size classes. Using the 24 h new snow height as proxy of avalanche failure depth yielded the best estimator of typical (median) observed avalanche size, while the depth of the deepest weak layer, detected using the instability model, provided the better indicator regarding the largest observed avalanche size. Validation of the avalanche size estimator on an independent data set of avalanche observations confirmed these findings. Furthermore, comparing the predictions of the avalanche day predictors and avalanche size estimators with a 21-year data set of re-analysed regional avalanche danger levels showed increasing probabilities for natural avalanches and increasing avalanche size with increasing danger level. We conclude that these models may be valuable tools to support forecasting the occurrence of natural dry-snow avalanches.
Tropane alkaloids in food
Authors: Lugasi Andrea
Published: November 2023

Tropane alkaloids occur in many plant families and their toxic effects can cause mild symptoms or even death, depending on the dose. They are most commonly introduced into the human body through contamination, misuse or deliberate abuse due to their intoxicating effects. They are present in food for general consumption, sometimes causing documented poisoning, due to inadequate cleaning of cereals, pulses or other grain crops, but especially organic products produced without chemicals. The EU legislation published in 2021 set tolerances for tropane alkaloids for a relatively wide range of plant materials, and therefore consistent compliance with the regulation will reduce the food safety risk from tropane alkaloid contamination, although food poisoning incidents in recent years have highlighted the need to broaden the range of food substances covered.
Húsiparban alkalmazott összetett fűszerkeverékek minősége
Authors: Naumova Natalya , Lukin Aleksandr , Velisevich Evgenii , Rodionova Irina , Pirozhinsky Sergey , Eremina Yulia
Published: November 2023

A húsfeldolgozó iparban nagy jelentőséggel bírnak a többfunkciós komplex fűszerkeverékek, amelyek egyszerűsítik és felgyorsítják az élelmiszer-előállítást. A kutatás célja egy fűszerkeverék-előállító vállalat által gyártott termékek minőségének meghatározása volt. Megállapították, hogy az érzékszervi, fizikai és kémiai paraméterek tekintetében a fokhagymát és grillfűszereket tartalmazó készítmény összetétele megfelel az előírásoknak. A fokhagymakészítményben a gyártó által nem bejelentett étkezési só jelenlétét mutattuk ki. Élelmi rost az összes vizsgált fűszerkeverékben kimutatható mennyiségben volt jelen. A fokhagymakészítmény Al-, Li-, Mg-, P-, Si-, Sr-, Te-, tartalma, illetve megnövekedett Mo-, Ti-, V- és W-tartalma miatt különbözött a többi komplex készítménytől. A második számú keverék viszonylag nagy mennyiségben tartalmazott Ca-ot, Cr-ot és Fe-at, de kimutatható mennyiségben nem tartalmazott a gyártó által az E551 adalékként bejelentett Si-ot. A grillfűszer összetétele a Mn, Na és Zn magas tartalma miatt tűnt ki, egy másik aroma-keverék pedig a magas Cu-tartalom miatt. Meg kell jegyezni, hogy az egyik fűszerkeverékben E627 és E631 ízfokozókat, míg egy grillkeverékben pedig E450 stabilizátort és emulgeálószert találtunk. Számos szakértő szerint ezek az összetevők veszélyt jelentenek az emberi szervezetre, mivel bél- és gyomorpanaszokat okozhatnak. Ebben a tekintetben meg kell érteni, hogy mely élelmiszer-adalékanyagokat kell kizárni az ember étrendjéből, melyek különösen veszélyesek, és melyeket lehet a húskészítmények összetevőként biztonságosan fogyasztani időről időre kis mennyiségben.