bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Permeability Windbreak Forests with Different Porosities Based on Laser Scanning and Computational Fluid Dynamics
Authors: An Likun , Wang Jia , Xiong Nina , Wang Yutang , You Jiashuo , Li Hao
Published: July 2022

Accurate modeling of windbreaks is essential for the precise assessment of wind protection performance. However, in most windbreak studies, the models used the approximate shape of the simulated trees, resulting in significant differences between the simulated results and the actual situation. In this study, terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) was used to extract tree parameters, which were used in a quantitative structural model (AdQSM) to recreate the tree structure and restore the wind field environment using the computational fluid dynamics software PHOENICS. In addition, we compared the bias, precision, and accuracy of porosity of Ginkgo biloba (with elliptical crown) and Populus alba (with conical crown), which have been commonly used in previous windbreak studies. The results showed that AdQSM has a high reduction rate and ability to reproduce the field conditions of the study area. After wind field simulation, the wind speed root mean square errors of the point cloud model at three heights (3, 6, and 9 m) were 0.272, 0.377, and 0.437 m/s, respectively, and the wind speed correlation coefficients r were 0.967, 0.965, and 0.937, respectively, which were significantly more accurate than those of the remaining two structures. Finally, the porosity of the windbreak forest obtained using the modeled sample plot showed a higher correlation with the wind permeability coefficient than that obtained using the existing approach. Windbreak models with three different porosities under the same conditions had different effects on the wind environment, particularly the location of the maximum wind speed reduction, variation of wind speed with porosity, and recovery rate of leeward wind speed. TLS can accurately extract windbreak factors and calculate the porosity, thus greatly improving the reliability of windbreak effect research in windbreak forests. This study provides a promising direction for future research related to the simulation of windbreak effects in windbreak forests.
Validation of Multiple Soil Moisture Products over an Intensive Agricultural Region: Overall Accuracy and Diverse Responses to Precipitation and Irrigation Events
Authors: Fan Xingwang , Lu Yanyu , Liu Yongwei , Li Tingting , Xun Shangpei , Zhao Xiaosong
Published: July 2022

Remote sensing and land surface models promote the understanding of soil moisture dynamics by means of multiple products. These products differ in data sources, algorithms, model structures and forcing datasets, complicating the selection of optimal products, especially in regions with complex land covers. This study compared different products, algorithms and flagging strategies based on in situ observations in Anhui province, China, an intensive agricultural region with diverse landscapes. In general, models outperform remote sensing in terms of valid data coverage, metrics against observations or based on triple collocation analysis, and responsiveness to precipitation. Remote sensing performs poorly in hilly and densely vegetated areas and areas with developed water systems, where the low data volume and poor performance of satellite products (e.g., Soil Moisture Active Passive, SMAP) might constrain the accuracy of data assimilation (e.g., SMAP L4) and downstream products (e.g., Cyclone Global Navigation Satellite System, CYGNSS). Remote sensing has the potential to detect irrigation signals depending on algorithms and products. The single-channel algorithm (SCA) shows a better ability to detect irrigation signals than the Land Parameter Retrieval Model (LPRM). SMAP SCA-H and SCA-V products are the most sensitive to irrigation, whereas the LPRM-based Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer 2 (AMSR2) and European Space Agency (ESA) Climate Change Initiative (CCI) passive products cannot reflect irrigation signals. The results offer insight into optimal product selection and algorithm improvement.
Assessment of CALIOP-Derived CCN Concentrations by In Situ Surface Measurements
Authors: Choudhury Goutam , Tesche Matthias
Published: July 2022

The satellite-based cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) proxies used to quantify the aerosol-cloud interactions (ACIs) are column integrated and do not guarantee the vertical co-location of aerosols and clouds. This has encouraged the use of height-resolved measurements of spaceborne lidars for ACI studies and led to advancements in lidar-based CCN retrieval algorithms. In this study, we present a comparison between the number concentration of CCN (nCCN) derived from ground-based in situ and spaceborne lidar cloud-aerosol lidar with orthogonal polarization (CALIOP) measurements. On analysing their monthly time series, we found that about 88% of CALIOP nCCN estimates remained within a factor of 1.5 of the in situ measurements. Overall, the CALIOP estimates of monthly nCCN were in good agreement with the in situ measurements with a normalized mean error of 71%, normalized mean bias of 39% and correlation coefficient of 0.68. Based on our comparison results, we point out the necessary measures that should be considered for global nCCN retrieval. Our results show the competence of CALIOP in compiling a global height- and type-resolved nCCN dataset for use in ACI studies.
The Analysis and Verification of Unbiased Estimator for Multilateral Positioning
Authors: Yang Yang , Sun Shihao , Chen Ao , You Siyang , Shen Yuqi , Li Zhijun , Sun Dayang
Published: July 2022

The ranging error model is generally very complicated in actual ranging technologies. This paper gives an analysis of the biased distance substitution and proposes an unbiased multilateral positioning method to revise the biased substitution, making it an unbiased estimate of the squared distance. An unbiased estimate of the multilateral positioning formula is derived to solve the target node coordinates. Through simulation experiments, it is proved that the algorithm can improve the positioning accuracy, and the improvement is more obvious when the error variance is larger. Experiments using SX1280 also show that the ranging conforms to the biased error model, and the accuracy can be improved by using the unbiased estimator. When the actual experimental error standard deviation is 0.16 m, the accuracy can be improved by 0.15 m.
The Human Ecosystem Spatial Networks of Amman City Center: A New Methodological Approach towards Resiliency
Authors: Alshafei Islam , Righelato Pinar Ulucay
Published: July 2022

The human ecosystems embrace complex human-dominated systems, which often result in disparaging multifaceted social and ecological outcomes in various localities of the world. Green infrastructure (GI) with a well-planned and managed spatial organization and network of multifunctional landscapes does not only help improve the quality of life, but also promotes the multifunctional use of natural capital and enhances the resiliency of urban systems by enabling “disaster risk reduction”, or “DRR”, in real practice. To achieve more socially and ecologically resilient cities, the engagement of GI into the spatial network of the human ecosystem is inevitable. Moving on from this argument, the research utilizes several quantitative analysis tools, including space syntax methodology, graph theory, depth map analysis, linkage mapper analysis, and Arc-GIS to model the complex spatial patterns of the human ecosystem in the city center of Amman. To conclude, the study provides both theoretical evidence and practical assessment tools for the implementation of urban GI towards the sustenance of the social and ecological resiliency and NDRR within complex inner-city human ecosystems. The theoretical framework of this study embraces a novel contribution toward how resiliency and DRR theories can be merged into real practice through the utilization of a new methodological approach wherein the analysis, measurement, and visualization of human ecosystem spatial networks can be realized.
Ecolodge Entrepreneurship in Emerging Markets: A New Typology of Entrepreneurs; The Case of IRAN
Authors: Varmazyari Hojjat , Mirhadi Seyed Hamid , Joppe Marion , Kalantari Khalil , Decrop Alain
Published: July 2022

This study aims to clarify how ecolodge entrepreneurship evolves from idea formation to ecolodge establishment in emerging markets. The related process affects authentic ecolodge development. The research employed grounded theory to explore this process and its implications to examine for the first time how individuals enter the ecolodge industry in an emerging market. The interaction of four constructs (namely drivers, motives, context, and idea sources) explains the costs and benefits that ecolodge entrepreneurs perceive in entering this industry. Moreover, we develop a new typology of tourism entrepreneurs in an ecolodge context based on the combined approach. Entrepreneurs are classified into three segments, including ecolodge lovers, cool job seekers, and young detached entrepreneurs. Although the ecolodge lovers were most in line with the principles of sustainable tourism and most likely to set up authentic ecolodges, most of the entrepreneurs belonged to the other two clusters. The explored process and typology highlight coordinated action in the development of ecolodges.
Factors Influencing Battery Electric Vehicle Adoption in Thailand—Expanding the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology’s Variables
Authors: Manutworakit Phasiri , Choocharukul Kasem
Published: July 2022

The replacement of combustion cars with battery electric cars can help to support sustainable transport and renewable energy in green transportation in Thailand; however, the diffusion rates of electric cars are still low. The purpose of this study is to examine factors that influence Thai car owners’ adoption of battery electric vehicles. The proposed model expands the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) as the theoretical framework. Data were collected through an online questionnaire survey completed by 403 participants in Bangkok and the vicinity and analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). The result showed that purchase intention is significantly and positively influenced by performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, hedonic motivation, and environmental concern. In contrast, purchase intention is not significantly influenced by price value and policy measures. Use behavior is positively influenced by purchase intention. Facilitating conditions do not significantly influence purchase intention and use behavior. Moreover, only the age variable was found to have significant effects on purchase behavior. This study suggests that governments with incentive policies and electric car manufacturers should focus on improving cars to increase battery electric car adoption.
Estimation of CO2 Emissions Embodied in Domestic Trade and Their Influencing Factors in Japan
Authors: Huang Yuzhuo , Matsumoto Ken’ichi
Published: July 2022

CO2 emissions embodied in domestic trade between Japanese prefectures are gradually increasing and becoming an important growth point in the country’s CO2 emissions. The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the CO2 emissions embodied in Japan’s domestic imports and exports to visualize the carbon transfer paths between prefectures according to the attributes of production and consumption: also to identify the influencing factors of the carbon flow. This study estimated the CO2 emissions embodied in domestic imports and exports by prefectures using input–output analysis, followed by the log-mean Divisia index decomposition approach, which is used to quantify the influencing factor of net export CO2 emissions across prefectures. The results show substantial regional differences in the CO2 emissions embodied in domestic imports and exports across prefectures. Manufacturing prefectures satisfy most of Japan’s domestic demand for industrial products and are the main net exporters of CO2 emissions. Carbon flow is more obvious in economically advanced regions (such as the Kanto and Kansai regions) and covers more prefectures through carbon transfer. Consumer prefectures import the most CO2 emissions and export large amounts of CO2 emissions to other prefectures. Among the three factors influencing net export CO2 emissions, the technology effect has the most significant impact through the carbon intensity of domestic trade flows. These findings highlight the substantial differences in CO2 emissions embodied in domestic trade and the influencing factors across prefectures in Japan. The responsibility for emission reduction is attributable to both manufacturing and consumer prefectures.
Policy Recommendations for Integrating Resilience into the Management of Cultural Landscapes
Authors: Shirvani Dastgerdi Ahmadreza , Kheyroddin Reza
Published: July 2022

The perspectives of resilience and cultural landscape share common interests in planning, managing, and protecting socio-ecological systems. Although the principles of the Yokohama, Hyogo, and Sendai frameworks may be used in a variety of geographical contexts due to their general design, the implementation of these frameworks in cultural landscapes is seldom discussed. Our theoretical research is the first step in an ongoing effort to explore how urban governance and policy may provide room for enhancing cultural heritage resilience against natural hazards. A meta-synthesis of international guidelines on cultural landscapes, resilience, and disaster risk reduction serves as the foundation for the research methodology used in this study. The research findings highlight that cultural landscapes must be managed with political, social, and economic support to stay resilient, and therefore, the first step towards this goal is to integrate cultural heritage into the disaster risk reduction plan at a national level. Furthermore, cultural landscapes need a bottom-up participatory framework and more internship opportunities to bring together the government, first responders, site managers, and the local community.
Should I Reuse It or Throw It Out? Analysis of the Management of Household Plastic Waste by Brazilian Consumers during the COVID-19 Pandemic through Practice Lens
Authors: Gomes Aline Ribeiro , Lazaro Jose Carlos , Leocadio Aurio
Published: July 2022

This study aims to examine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the reuse of plastic bags from supermarkets among Brazilian consumers through the lens of practices. This qualitative research took place through the collection of records in digital ‘solicited diaries’ with interviews, using autoethnographic field diaries. The analysis process of the collected data took place through content analysis as proposed by Bardin (2014). From the results obtained, there was a greater tendency to dispose of plastic supermarket packaging and different performances to maintain this practice. These new procedures involve an increase in the consumption of cleaning products, such as bleach and soap, the addition of alcohol in this disinfection routine, and an increase in water consumption, which signals major impacts on the environment through the use of a natural resource in danger of scarcity and the release of polluting substances. The changes underwent in the performances invariably culminate in environmental impacts, either on the disposal of the plastic bags or in their hygiene for later reuse. These results alert to the challenges that governments, institutions, and individuals will have to face in an attempt to reverse the damaging effects of the pandemic on sustainability goals. Also, it contributes to consumer behavior in crisis-context literature, just as concerning the waste household.
Closed-Form Derivations of Infinite Sums and Products Involving Trigonometric Functions
Authors: Reynolds Robert , Stauffer Allan
Published: July 2022

We derive a closed-form expression for the infinite sum of the Hurwitz–Lerch zeta function using contour integration. This expression is used to evaluate infinite sum and infinite product formulae involving trigonometric functions expressed in terms of fundamental constants. These types of infinite sums and products have previously been and are currently studied by many mathematicians including Leonhard Euler. The results presented in this paper extend previous work by squaring parameters in the infinite sum of the Hurwitz–Lerch zeta function. This formula allows for new derivations featuring trigonometric functions with angles of powers of 2. The zero distribution of almost all Hurwitz–Lerch zeta functions is asymmetrical. A table of infinite products is produced highlighting the usefulness of this work and for easy reading by researchers interested in such formulae. Mathematica software was used in assisting with the numerical verification of the results in the tables produced.
AI-Based Automatic Detection and Classification of Diabetic Retinopathy Using U-Net and Deep Learning
Authors: Bilal Anas , Zhu Liucun , Deng Anan , Lu Huihui , Wu Ning
Published: July 2022

Artificial intelligence is widely applied to automate Diabetic retinopathy diagnosis. Diabetes-related retinal vascular disease is one of the world’s most common leading causes of blindness and vision impairment. Therefore, automated DR detection systems would greatly benefit the early screening and treatment of DR and prevent vision loss caused by it. Researchers have proposed several systems to detect abnormalities in retinal images in the past few years. However, Diabetic Retinopathy automatic detection methods have traditionally been based on hand-crafted feature extraction from the retinal images and using a classifier to obtain the final classification. DNN (Deep neural networks) have made several changes in the previous few years to assist overcome the problem mentioned above. We suggested a two-stage novel approach for automated DR classification in this research. Due to the low fraction of positive instances in the asymmetric Optic Disk (OD) and blood vessels (BV) detection system, preprocessing and data augmentation techniques are used to enhance the image quality and quantity. The first step uses two independent U-Net models for OD (optic disc) and BV (blood vessel) segmentation. In the second stage, the symmetric hybrid CNN-SVD model was created after preprocessing to extract and choose the most discriminant features following OD and BV extraction using Inception-V3 based on transfer learning, and detects DR by recognizing retinal biomarkers such as MA (microaneurysms), HM (hemorrhages), and exudates (EX). On EyePACS-1, Messidor-2, and DIARETDB0, the proposed methodology demonstrated state-of-the-art performance, with an average accuracy of 97.92%, 94.59%, and 93.52%, respectively. Extensive testing and comparisons with baseline approaches indicate the efficacy of the suggested methodology.
Research on the Relationship between Exposure to Dioxins and Cancer Incidence in Vietnam
Authors: Vuong Tuong Phi
Published: July 2022

The aim of this literature review is to discover whether there is a relationship between exposure to dioxins and cancer incidence in the hotspot regions of Vietnam by estimating the risk ratio index. The results of the study show that the incidence of cancer (soft tissue sarcoma; Hodgkin’s and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma; lung, prostate, and liver cancer) in the dioxin-exposed Vietnamese population is much higher than the results of studies published in other countries because of the high levels of dioxins in South Vietnam, where Agent Orange was sprayed during the war. Further studies on the health effects of dioxins in the Vietnamese population, including cancer incidence, should be conducted with improved research methods.
Correlations between Kidney and Heart Function Bioindicators and the Expressions of Toll-Like, ACE2, and NRP-1 Receptors in COVID-19
Authors: Sultan Rabab Hussain , Elesawy Basem H. , Ali Tarek M. , Abdallah Maged , Assal Hebatallah Hany , Ahmed Amr E. , Ahmed Osama M.
Published: July 2022

Background: COVID-19 impacts the cardiovascular system resulting in myocardial damage, and also affects the kidneys leading to renal dysfunction. This effect is mostly through the binding with angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and Neuropilin-1 (NRP-l) receptors. Toll-Like Receptors (TLRs) typically combine with microbial pathogens and provoke an inflammatory response. Aim: This work aims to compare the changes in kidney and heart function bioindicators and expressions of TLRs (TLR2 and TLR2) as well as ACE2 and NRP-l receptors in moderate and severe COVID-19 patients. The correlations between kidney and heart function bioindicators and expressions of these receptors are also studied. Patients and Methods: In this study, 50 healthy control and 100 COVID-19 patients (55 males and 45 females) were enrolled. According to WHO guidelines, these participants were divided into severe (50 cases) and moderate (50 cases). Serum creatinine, blood urea, CK-MB, LDH, and Troponin I were estimated. We measured the gene expression for Toll-Like Receptors (TLR2 and TLR4), ACE2, and NRP-1 in the blood samples using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Results: In comparison with the healthy group, all patients exhibited a significant elevation in serum creatinine, urea, cardiac enzymes (CK-MB and LDH), and CRP. Serum Troponin I level was significantly increased in severe COVID-19 patients. Furthermore, all studied patients revealed a significant elevation in the expression levels of TLR2, TLR4, ACE2, and NRP-1 mRNA. In all patients, CK-MB, ACE2, and NRP-1 mRNA expression levels were positively correlated with both TLR2 and TLR4 expression levels. Moreover, serum creatinine and urea levels were positively correlated with both TLR2 and TLR 4 expression levels in the severe group only. In the moderate group, serum CK-MB activity and Troponin I level had a significant positive correlation with both NRP-1 and ACE2 expression levels, while serum urea level and LDH activity had a significant positive correlation with NRP-1 only. In severe patients, the increases in serum creatinine, urea, CK-MB, and LDH were significantly associated with the elevations in both ACE2 and NRP-1 expression levels, whereas serum Troponin I level had a positive direct relationship with NRP-1 only. Conclusions: Our study concluded that expression levels for TLR2, TLR4, ACE2, and NRP-1 mRNA in both severe and moderate patients were positively correlated with renal biomarkers and cardiac enzymes. Innate immune markers can be important because they correlate with the severity of illness in COVID-19.
Early Impact of SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic on Immunization Services in Nigeria
Authors: Essoh Tene-Alima , Adeyanju Gbadebo Collins , Adamu Abdu A. , Ahawo Alain Komi , Aka Desquith , Tall Haoua , Aplogan Aristide , Wiysonge Charles S.
Published: July 2022

Background: By 11 March 2022, there were 450,229,635 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) cases and 6,019,085 deaths globally, with Nigeria reporting 254,637 cases and 3142 deaths. One of the essential healthcare services that have been impacted by the pandemic is routine childhood immunization. According to the 2018 National Demographic and Health Survey, only 31% of children aged 12–23 months were fully vaccinated in Nigeria, and 19% of eligible children in the country had not received any vaccination. A further decline in coverage due to the pandemic can significantly increase the risk of vaccine-preventable-disease outbreaks among children in Nigeria. To mitigate such an occurrence, it is imperative to urgently identify how the pandemic and the response strategies have affected vaccination services, hence, the goal of the study. Methods: The research method was qualitative, including in-depth interviews of healthcare workers and focus group discussions (FGDs) with caregivers of children aged 0–23 months. We selected one state from each of the three zones of Nigeria: northern, central, and southern. Within each state, 10 local government areas and 20 healthcare facilities were purposively selected. In each facility, 10 healthcare workers were invited for interviews. Overall, 517 healthcare workers were interviewed. For the focus group discussion, 30 communities were selected. Within each selected community, six consenting caregivers were included. Overall, 180 caregivers participated. The data were analyzed using thematic inductive content analysis. Results: Three significant impacts that were observed are: difficulties in accessibility to immunization services, declining immunization demand and uptake among caregivers due to varying factors, and erosion of vaccine confidence among both caregivers and healthcare workers. Movement restriction and lockdown had numerous major impacts, such as decreased general healthcare service delivery, increased transportation costs, fewer engagements that promote vaccine uptake, and cessation of mobile vaccination campaigns that target hard-to-reach communities. Moreover, misinformation, conspiracy beliefs about the pandemic and COVID-19 vaccines, and risk perception negatively influenced general vaccine confidence. Conclusion: The results of this early impact study show that immunization was directly affected by the pandemic and provide insights into areas where interventions are needed for recovery.
Evaluation of Safety and Immunogenicity of BNT162B2 mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine in IBD Pediatric Population with Distinct Immune Suppressive Regimens
Authors: Cotugno Nicola , Franzese Enrica , Angelino Giulia , Amodio Donato , Romeo Erminia Francesca , Rea Francesca , Faraci Simona , Tambucci Renato , Profeti Elisa , Manno Emma Concetta , Santilli Veronica , Rotulo Gioacchino Andrea , Pighi Chiara , Medri Chiara , Morrocchi Elena , Colagrossi Luna , Pascucci Giuseppe Rubens , Valentini Diletta , Villani Alberto , Rossi Paolo , De Angelis Paola , Palma Paolo
Published: July 2022

Patients affected by Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) present higher risk for infection and suboptimal response upon vaccination. The immunogenicity of SARS-CoV2 vaccination is still largely unknown in adolescents or young adults affected by IBD (pIBD). We investigated the safety and immunogenicity of the BNT162B2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine in 27 pIBD, as compared to 30 healthy controls (HC). Immunogenicity was measured by anti-SARS-CoV2 IgG (anti-S and anti-trim Ab) before vaccination, after 21 days (T21) and 7 days after the second dose (T28). The safety profile was investigated by close monitoring and self-reported adverse events. Vaccination was well tolerated, and short-term adverse events reported were only mild to moderate. Three out of twenty-seven patients showed IBD flare after vaccination, but no causal relationship could be established. Overall, pIBD showed a good humoral response upon vaccination compared to HC; however, pIBD on anti-TNFα treatment showed lower anti-S Ab titers compared to patients receiving other immune-suppressive regimens (p = 0.0413 at first dose and p = 0.0301 at second dose). These data show that pIBD present a good safety and immunogenicity profile following SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination. Additional studies on the impact of specific immune-suppressive regimens, such as anti TNFα, on immunogenicity should be further investigated on larger cohorts.
Development and Evaluation of a Web-Based and Interactive Flood Management Tool for Awash and Omo-Gibe Basins, Ethiopia
Authors: Woldegebrael Surafel M. , Kidanewold Belete B. , Melesse Assefa M.
Published: July 2022

Flood risk management is used to monitor floodwater and mitigate flooding that impacts people, properties and infrastructures, and the environment. This study developed an interactive web-based “flood tool” for Awash and Omo-Gibe basins in Ethiopia to improve the flood monitoring services and facilities. The data used were real-time and seasonal rainfall-runoff forecasts, flood inundations, and other forecast products for the 2021 flood season (June to September) in a case study. Methods used were multiple scripts written in the Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) and the Visual Studio Code as a coding environment. The coefficient-of-determination (R2) and efficiency (NSE) were used to evaluate the forecast products. The R2 values for selected river stations were the Awash-Hombole (0.79), Mojo (0.64), Awash-7 (0.66), Awash-Adaitu (0.62), Gibe-Tolai (0.78), and Gibe-Abelti (0.70) rivers. The R2 values for Koka and Gibe-3 reservoirs inflows (water levels) forecasts were 0.97 (0.96) and 0.93 (0.99), and the NSE values were 0.89 (0.88) and 0.92 (0.95) for each reservoir, respectively. Besides, the flood inundation extents (km2) from satellite observation and model were compared for the main flood-prone areas and in agreement with very good performance. The flood tool can therefore present early warning forecast products and convey advice to decision-makers to take action for the people at risk.
Structures et dynamique de l’espace en Espagne et en France
Authors: Forton Lise
Published: July 2022

La légende utilisée par Roger Brunet pour son modèle sur la France est transposable à l’Espagne
Quand la Chine se montrera
Authors: Gentelle Pierre
Published: July 2022

L’atlas des grandes villes et des provinces de Chine fournit une expression assez complète des différences économiques, sociales et culturelles de la Chine d’aujourd’hui.
CARTGRL : Un logiciel de cartographie thématique pour micro-ordinateurs
Authors: Dumolard Pierre
Published: July 2022

CARTGRL est un logiciel simple d’expérimentation cartographique sur micro-ordinateur standard. Ce logiciel gère des fonds de carte de type raster. Les illustrations portent sur le chômage en France.
Un tour de France royal
Authors: Théry Hervé
Published: July 2022

La relation du voyage de Charles IX dans le royaume de France au XVIe siècle.
La documentation d’un géographe de cabinet
Authors: Pelletier Monique
Published: July 2022

Mappemonde en forme de coeur d’Oronce Fine, gravure sur bois, Paris, vers 1534. Ce document témoigne des recherches effectuées au XVIe siècle sur les systèmes de projection. Auteur de cette mappemonde publiée en 1720, Guillaume Delisle, put profiter des travaux des observateurs de l’Académie des sciences et d’autres voyageurs qui parcouraient le monde.
Les dynamiques de localisation en Ile-de-France : quelques tendances en 1985
Authors: Milelli Christian
Published: July 2022

Les cartes ci-dessous sont, pour 1985, les premiers témoins de la dynamique d’une région qui demeure centrale. La cartographie automatique des thèmes retenus ici, à savoir les modifications sur une année de la localisation des équipements collectifs et des établissements industriels, permet de visualiser des phénomènes diffus et d’en repérer des situations d’échelle et d’ampleur différentes.
Le système urbain de Castres, éléments de représentation graphique
Authors: Jalabert Guy
Published: July 2022

Castres, ville moyenne, permet de montrer les équilibres et ruptures qui caractérisent le système social urbain à travers deux grandes périodes : 1945-1960 et 1970-1985. Les schémas de l’organisation de l’espace urbain vont vers une complexification croissante.
Sports en cartes : pratiques sportives en Languedoc-Roussillon (Saison 85-86)
Authors: Volle Jean-Paul
Published: July 2022

El análisis de la distribución geográfica de 4223 equipos en cinco déportés colectivos (fútbol, rugby, baloncesto, balonmano, voleibol) denota las disparidades del espacio regional. El fútbol sigue siendo el mas popular, los deportes en pista cubierta los mas significativos de las practicas urbanas. Pero los dos tercios de los municipios siguen al margen de cualquier práctica de los deportes analizados y las ciudades «pesan» menos de lo que se podía pensar.
L’archipel financier
Authors: Milelli Christian
Published: July 2022

Un nouveau système financier, à la fois concentré et autonome, se met en place. Ses «lieux sacrés» sont cartographiés : «centres universels » majeurs (2 ou 3), centres régionaux, centres «spécialisés» en archipel.
Jeux de cartes
Authors:   Mappemonde
Published: July 2022

Carta celeste, planisferio, otros tantos soportes para composiciones publicitarias que no tienen nada que ver con la cartografía. ! Y sin embargo !
Approche d’un grand espace : la maille municipale des Cerrados brésiliens
Authors: Waniez Philippe , Cabos Violette , Pimenta de Aguiar Joséneida Lucia , Netto José da silva madeira
Published: July 2022

L’espace des Cerrados brésiliens est en cours de colonisation. Le système d’information SISECSO facilite l’analyse des transformations économiques et sociales de ce territoire. Le film de la formation de la maille municipale est une première approche originale.
Cartographie des paysages agroécologiques
Authors: Bruneau Michel
Published: July 2022

A partir des données satellitaires LANDSAT, un exemple de cartographie des paysages agroécologiques dans le Nord-Est de la Thaïlande : la région de Sakhon-Nakon, Udon-Thani.
Cartographie du paysage
Authors: Ormaux Serge
Published: July 2022

La cartografia del paisaje implica una mirada cientifica sobre el paisaje desde el interior del mismo. La informaciôn considerada ya no es informacion emitida sino recibida. Esta puede captarse merced a una clave sistemâtica y un procedimiento de grabacion (foto, video...). Asi se obtienen datos sobre la arquitectura del paisaje potencial propuesto a la perception de cada cual.
Des guides et des cartes
Authors: Le Berre Maryvonne
Published: July 2022

Consultés pour leurs références régionales ou locales, les guides touristiques donnent aussi une vision globale de la France qui est rarement perçue par l’utilisateur. Différents types de représentations cartographiques ont été choisis pour montrer, à partir d’informations simples, découpage en «régions » touristiques, étoilement des sites et des espaces touristiques, cette image de la France.
La censure brouille les cartes : les aléas de la production romanesque sous le franquisme
Authors: Tena Jean
Published: July 2022

En 1972, le cinquième roman de Ramôn Nieto, La Senorita B, parabole sur l’Espagne franquiste, est mis sous séquestre et censuré. Une version expurgée, La Senorita, paraît en 1974. Une modification spectaculaire : sur la couverture, la carte d’Espagne est remplacée par une rose des vents.
L’attraction des villes françaises, vue des communes concernées
Authors: Vigouroux Michel
Published: July 2022

En el censo municipal (INSEE, 1979) los municipios indican las ciuda-des que los atraen, principal o secundariamente, por motivos no laborales. El mapa résultante da una imagen del territorio, mas o menos compléta y jerarquizada segün las regiones
Cartographie de précision du prodelta du Var, marge continentale de Provence
Authors: Leuridan Jacqueline , Gennesseaux Maurice , Vanney J.-R.
Published: July 2022

The Nice new port

catastrophe gave the opportunity to draw the first precise maps of an unstable prodelta, the Var's one.
Les satellites de la Terre à leur apogée
Authors: Sourbès-Verger Isabelle , Hensinger Eliane
Published: July 2022

FRE: Les satellites lancés depuis 1957 occupent inégalement l'espace circumterrestre. La représentation de leur apogée sur un graphique permet de prendre conscience des principaux traits de cette occupation et d'en analyser les facteurs.
Suivi de l'évolution des pâturages du Sahel malien
Authors: Courel Marie-Françoise , Cuq Françoise , Tounsi Ibtissem
Published: July 2022

Satellite remote sensing associated to agrometeorological modelling allows an evaluation of the natural Sahel pasture lands at the end of the rain season aiming at better management and utilization.
La représentation de l'espace chez des Touaregs du Sahel
Authors: Bernus Edmond
Published: July 2022

Une cartographie éphémère, par des cartographes d'occasion qui dessinent habituellement sur le sable. Des Touaregs reportent sur le papier une représentation graphique originale de leurs itinéraires, dans des régions où les repères sont rares et où le réseau hydrographique sert de trame aux aires de nomadisation.
La localisation des investissements industriels étrangers au Japon
Authors: Milelli Christian
Published: July 2022

En el Japon, los extranjeros (la mitad de ellos americanos) invierten principalmente en la industria (75%) y en cuatro regiones predilectas. Estas tendencias observadas entre 1950 y 1985 se confirman màs o menos en 1986-1987.
Essai de modélisation de l'espace gabonais
Authors: Mouleingui Boukossou
Published: July 2022

Un milieu physique exubérant et de pénétration difficile, des potentialités économiques énormes s'opposant à un sous-peuplement accentué à l'intérieur du pays par un exode rural massif, tels sont, au premier abord, les aspects saillants de l’espace gabonais. A partir de ces quelques éléments de base, nous aboutissons à un essai de modèle graphique tourné vers le littoral atlantique nord.
Contribution à un diagnostic paysager du Pays de Caux (Normandie, France )
Authors: Guillopé Patrick , Bourcier Alban , Gigot Philippe
Published: July 2022

En Pays de Caux, la cour-masure, habitat traditionnel, est menacée par rurbanisation. En raison d'un projet autoroutier, cet élément important du paysage a été cartographié selon une maille de 500 m. Cette cartographie a ensuite été poursuivie, à titre d'essai, selon une maille de 100 m, et à l'aide des images SPOT.
L'impôt dans la ville : de la rue aux quartiers nantais (1972-1980)
Authors: Rapetti Danielle
Published: July 2022

Une série d'indices fiscaux, établis à partir des registres de publicité de l'imposition sur le revenu des personnes privées, permet de dresser une géographie fiscale très fine en milieu urbain. Aisément modulable dans l'espace et le temps, la source offre toute possibilité de comparaison avec d'autres indicateurs sociaux ou économiques exploités à diverses échelles. Ses cartographies successives révèlent une certaine dynamique sociale au sein de la ville.
L'espace mondial des grandes manifestations sportives internationales
Authors: Mathieu Daniel , Praicheux Jean
Published: July 2022

El mapa de las grandes manifestaciones deportivas mundiales arroja una gran concentration de las pruebas en un número limitado de países desarrollados, especial-mente la Europa occidental. El examen de las naciones afectadas por los grandes tomeos de tenis y el ciclismo professional subraya, con los matices proprios de cada deporte, la exigüidad de los espacios considerados.
Les Jeux Régionaux, témoins de l'universalisation des sports
Authors: Erraïs Borhane , Fates Youcef
Published: July 2022

Réplica, a otra escala, de los Juegos Olímpicos, los Juegos Régionales abarcan la totalidad del espacio planetario, contribuyendo eficazmente a difundir las práticas deportivas.
Les espaces des sports collectifs : l’exemple du département des Landes
Authors: Augustin Jean-Pierre
Published: July 2022

El departemento de las Landas es un ejemplo característico del reparto de un espacio entre très deportes colectivos (rugby, fútbol, baloncesto) cuya explicación radica en los mecanismos de difusión de dichos deportes. Su implantación refuerza localmente los sentimientos de pertenencia comunitaria y encaja hoy día con un contexto dinámico de competencia.
Le tennis dans le monde : état et prospective
Authors: Dumolard Pierre , Robert André
Published: July 2022

El tenis se practica más o menos en todos los países del mundo aunque con importantes variaciones de intensidad. Actualmente, sus puntos de implantatión se situan en los países desarrollados occidentales y en la antigua esfera de influencia británica. He aqui proyecciones de penetration de dicho deporte de cara al horizonte 2000, teniendo en cuenta la evolución demográ fica y económica posible de las naciones.
Pausanias et la mémoire olympique
Authors: Clavel-Levêque Monique , Mactoux Marie-Madeleine
Published: July 2022

L'analyse de l'espace olympique antique à travers le regard de Pausanias met clairement en évidence la lecture et l'enjeu politique qui s'attachent à l'origine géographique des vainqueurs. L'étude des épreuves et de leur évolution révèle des valeurs dont la permanence a des accents étonnamment modernes.
Un exemple de système d’information géographique d’aide à la gestion territoriale : le S. I.G. de Timahdit (Maroc)
Authors: Crépeau Christian
Published: July 2022

Combinant bases de données territoriales et cartographie numérique, le Système d’information Géographique de Timahdit est orienté vers l’aménagement et à la gestion territoriale : aménagement pastoral, aménagement forestier, gestion foncière, aménagement de bassins versants ...
Le système cartographique de la RATP
Authors: Kaminagai Yo
Published: July 2022

La RATP (Administración Autónoma de los Transportes Parisienses) ha reestructurado profundamente su sistema cartográfico : pianos murales y prospectos dirigidos a los viajeros. He aquí un ejemplo de dicha evolución : dos muestras del mapa de la red de autobuses.
La carte des 36 000 communes
Authors: Delamarre Aliette
Published: July 2022

La carte généralisée du maillage communal français, obtenue à partir d’un sondage spatial au quart, met en évidence des modèles régionaux caractérisés par des mailles inégalement fines. Cette division du territoire, héritée de la trame paroissiale, a été mise en mémoire par la création, en 1789, de l’institution communale. Seuls les travaux de géographie historique permettront de découvrir les mécanismes de sa mise en place à dater des Xe-XIe, voire des VIe et VIIe siècles.
Les départements de France redessinés
Authors: Voiron-Caniccio Christine
Published: July 2022

En cette année du Bicentenaire de la Révolution, nous nous sommes intéressés à l’une des toutes premières œuvres de l’Assemblée Constituante : les départements, considérés sous l’angle de leur morphologie. En privilégiant certains critères et en nous aidant d’un analyseur d’images, nous nous sommes livrés à une expérience de redécoupage de la France.
Le modèle valencien d’ organisation de l'espace urbanisé : de la huerta à l'aire métropolitaine
Authors: Courtot Roland
Published: July 2022

Valencia s'inscrit désormais en Espagne parmi les régions dynamiques. La modélisation graphique permet de mettre en évidence trois séquences successives : la capitale dans sa huerta, le centre d'une agriculture d'exportation, le poids d'une aire métropolitaine.
Une proposition de nouveau cartogramme
Authors: Badel Raymond , Guerrero Raúl
Published: July 2022

Le cartogramme proposé est une technique de recherche-exploration rapide grâce aux possibilités offertes par le micro-ordinateur et sa diffusion. La propriété foncière en vallée d’Aure lui sert de support.
L'organisation de l'espace en région Centre
Authors: Andrieu Dominique , Coulmier Christine , Ledet Béatrice , Nivelle Sylvie , Zormati Mustapha
Published: July 2022

Los coremas y modelos constituyen un nuevo método de representación gráfica aplicable a cualquier unidad espacial aunque se plantean problemas peculiares de cada caso.
Les «paysages» de la banquise
Authors: Griselin Madeleine
Published: July 2022

La banquisa polar ártica — un universo formado exclusivamente de agua en sus tres estados, sólido, líquido y gaseoso — puede considerarse como un «paisaje» puesto que es un espectáculo descriptible. De la génesis de dicha banquisa y de su evolución a causa de la deriva nacen formas típicas en este medio que no tiene nada que ver con un casquete o una pista de hielo. Estos «paisajes» sufren mutaciones constantes relacionadas con la permanencia del movimiento y la acción repetida y conjugada de los factores meteorológicos, glaciológicos y oceanográficos.
Comment les jeunes gens utilisent les cartes
Authors: Sandford Herbert A.
Published: July 2022

Des recherches sur l’utilisation des cartes dans les collèges et les lycées révèlent une hiérarchie de procédés qui met au jour des lacunes dans la formation au niveau secondaire.
Des cartes de géographie comme devoirs journaliers, ou les sempiternels départements
Authors: Ferras Robert
Published: July 2022

La escuela primaria ha producido trabajos de cartografía que utilizan como punto de partida los départements. De los pocos ejemplares conservados de cuadernos de ejercicios de finales del siglo XIX, entresacamos algunos ejemplos
«À l’usage des commençants»
Authors: Clary Maryse
Published: July 2022

El manual de geografía de Foncin (1987) consiste en una serie de mapas, de imágenes simbólicas y de preguntas y respuestas ; y los alumnos, de memoria, tienen que aprender las unas y ser capaces de dibujar los otros.
Les pratiques pastorales d’un berger sur l’alpage de la Vieille Selle: un modèle reproductible?
Authors: Cheylan Jean-Paul , Deffontaines Jean-Pierre , Lardon Sylvie , Savini Isabelle
Published: July 2022

Structure and management criteria are selected to characterize a shepherd’s pastoral practices on a mountain pasture.
Visual evidence for urban potential fields
Authors: Tobler Waldo Rudolph
Published: July 2022

A satellite picture of adjacent cities clearly illustrates the analytical dynamics of urban growth
La représentation cartographique de l’île de la Réunion du XVIIe au XIXe siècle
Authors: Guebourg Jean-Louis
Published: July 2022

Du XVIIe au XIXe siècle, la représentation cartographique de l’île de la Réunion a été souvent indigente avant que ne se manifestent, avec retard, les progrès techniques apportés par le calcul précis de la longitude et la triangulation. Deux siècles seront nécessaires pour passer d’une expression cartographique imaginaire puis erronée à une représentation correcte reprise par la cartographie moderne.
Un modèle de synthèse du conflit nicaraguayen (1982-1988)
Authors: Hudon Marc
Published: July 2022

Four choremes can help read the spatial organization of Nicaragua. By combining these choremes together and by adding the most important geographical facts of the war, we generate a synthesis model of the conflict opposing the Sandinista Government to the Contras.
Carte des températures politiques de la Russie
Authors: Kolossov Vladimir
Published: July 2022

Les résultats des élections au Parlement de Russie montrent que les villes sont plus démocrates que les campagnes encore soumises à l’autorité des dirigeants locaux du parti communiste ; qu’en Russie d’Europe le nord est plus démocrate que le sud ; et que les régions «autonomes » restent peu ouvertes à la démocratisation, peut-être par crainte d’une Russie trop nationaliste.
L’espace transnational de la cocaïne
Authors: Deler Jean-Paul
Published: July 2022

Producteurs andins, marché nordaméricain, interface caraïbe, l’anatomie d’un système spatial de relations Nord-Sud qui relèvent de l’antimonde.
La diagonale gourmande
Authors: Bailly Antoine-S. , Hussy Charles
Published: July 2022

L’analyse des véritables raisons de la concentration des restaurants le long de la «diagonale gourmande » , de Paris à la Côte d’Azur, devrait inciter à la prudence quant à l’utilisation des guides gastronomiques.
Pléthore graphique et pénurie économique: la Roumanie de Ceausescu
Authors: Baudelle Guy , Gilbert Bernard
Published: July 2022

Cette carte de Roumanie, tirée d’un atlas scolaire de ce pays, obéit à des objectifs qui ne sont pas pédagogiques, mais idéologiques.
Zaïre, l’espace écartelé
Authors: Bruneau Jean-Claude , Simon Thierry
Published: July 2022

O nzinga nzinga ya ebale, etando ta bonene ya engumba Zaïre ebongisamaka, otanga ya ba noko, na bosangani ya biliko na biloko. Bokasi bwa boyangeli ekolo otango ena mosalemaka lisusu na botongi ba nzela botawu mpe ndenge na ndenge. Kasi sima ya lipanda, bokambi ekolo o londenge ena ebebi kobeba oboso ya mikakatano (bozangi) ya ezaleli mpe nkita ya molongo. Mpo na yango, ata ndenge bana ba mboka ya zamba pe ya bingumba binene bazali kosala mpo na mbonguama mpe botomboli ekolo, Zaïre ezongeli lisulu lokola etando ya lisanga moko te.
L’Église catholique en Pologne
Authors: Vigouroux Michel
Published: July 2022

Religion and migration ; the Polish Pope, the crisis and the pilgrimage to Rome.
L'«orientalisme» et le paysage méditerranéen
Authors: Corredor Marie-Rose
Published: July 2022

«Orientalist» approaches of the Mediterranean landscape are used to give importance to exoticism as well as to conceal the approach of «Otherness»