bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ВОЗМОЖНОСТЬ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ РЯБИНЫ ОБЫКНОВЕН-НОЙ, ПРОИЗРАСТАЮЩЕЙ В ЛЕСОСТЕПНОЙ ЗОНЕ АЛТАЙСКОГО КРАЯ, ДЛЯ ПРОИЗВОДСТВА ПРОДУКТОВ ПЕРЕРАБОТКИ
Authors: Скороспелова  Елена Владимировна Скороспелова  Елена Владимировна , Михайлова Оксана Юрьевна , Шелковская Наталья Кирилловна Шелковская Наталья Кирилловна
Published: January 2024

В работе изучена возможность использования свежих и замороженных плодов рябины обыкновенной и рябины Невежинской, произрастающей в условиях Алтайского края для производства протертых масс с сахаром и компотов. Представлены данные физико-химического состава и его влияние на органолептические качества готовых продуктов. Установлено, что рябина обыкновенная отличается от рябины Невежинской меньшим содержанием сахаров (7,1; 9,0 %) и титруемых кислот (2,0;3,5 %), но большим значением сахарокислотного индекса. Содержание растворимых сухих веществ на высоком уровне 19,8‒25,8 %. По количеству витамина С рябина Невежинская (20,0 %) уступает рябине обыкновенной (45,0 %). Содержание пектина в образцах 0,69‒1,01 %, сумма пектиновых веществ 1,18‒1,41 %. Степень этерификации также высокая – 70,86 % у рябины обыкновенной и 89,06 % у рябины Невежинской. Наличие высокоэтерифицированных пектинов в сочетании с высоким содержанием растворимых сухих веществ (в том числе сахаров) и органических кислот свидетельствует о высокой способности желирования. На основании органолептической оценки продуктов переработки показана возможность использования плодов рябины обыкновенной и рябины Невежинской.
ОБОСНОВАНИЕ СОРТООБРАЗЦА ТЫКВЫ ДЛЯ ИЗГОТОВЛЕНИЯ ОВОЩНОГО МАРМЕЛАДА
Authors: Кондратьев  Николай Борисович Кондратьев  Николай Борисович , Казанцев  Егор Валерьевич Казанцев  Егор Валерьевич , Пестерев  Михаил Алексеевич Пестерев  Михаил Алексеевич , Буравова Нина Александровна , Бегеулов Марат Шагабанович
Published: January 2024

Перед производителями кондитерской продукции стоят задачи оптимизации состава и совершенствования технологий изготовления изделий, обогащенных натуральными ингредиентами и обладающих высокой биологической ценностью. Кондитерские изделия на основе фруктового и овощного сырья ассоциируются у потребителей с продуктами здорового питания и обогащают рацион питания ценными биологически активными компонентами. Среди различных видов овощного сырья тыква содержит значительное количество β-каротина, который является провитамином А. Исследована возможность использования тыквы российской селекции различных сортообразцов твердокорой Т39, крупноплодной Т110, мускатной Ц20 и Т47, выведенных в РГАУ-МСХА им. К.А. Тимирязева, для изготовления овощного мармелада. Исследованы массовая доля редуцирующих сахаров, прочность, массовая доля влаги и активность воды, содержание β-каротина, макроэлементов и органических кислот образцов мармелада. Наибольшее содержание β-каротина и сухих веществ выявлено в плодах мускатной тыквы сортообразца Ц20 ‒ 9,6 мг/100 г, а твердокорая тыква сортообразца Т39 содержит менее 0,2 мг/100 г β-каротина. Сортообразец Ц20 также характеризуется наибольшей массовой долей калия и магния, 386,6 и г 8,7 мг/100 г соответственно. Наилучшие органолептические и физико-химические характеристики образцов получены при использовании плодов мускатной тыквы сортообразца Ц20. Разработана рецептура овощного мармелада, содержащего 40,7 % пюре плодов тыквы с высоким содержанием β-каротина. Овощной мармелад характеризовался высокими органолептическими характеристиками и может быть рекомендован при профилактическом питании. Изготовленный овощной мармелад содержит необходимые организму человека макро- и микронутриенты, витамины и другие незаменимые биологически активные вещества
СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЕ СОСТАВА СТАБИЛИЗАЦИОННЫХ СИСТЕМ НА ОСНОВЕ КАМЕДЕЙ ДЛЯ ТРАДИЦИОННОГО МОРОЖЕНОГО В УСЛОВИЯХ ИМПОРТОЗАМЕЩЕНИЯ
Authors: Творогова Антонина Анатольевна , Ландиховская  Анна Валентиновна Ландиховская  Анна Валентиновна , Кочнева Светлана Евгеньевна
Published: January 2024

Дефицит и высокая цена на камедь рожкового дерева ‒ наиболее эффективный гидроколлоид в производстве мороженого ‒ вызывают необходимость замены его как доминирующего компонента стабилизационных систем. Исследована возможность создания композиций гидроколлоидов с доминированием других камедей (гуаровой, тары и ксантановой), заменой каппа каррагинана на йота, использованием эмульгаторов на основе дистиллированных моноглицеридов. Определены технологически значимые показатели качества мороженого с массовой долей молочного жира 12 % с использованием новых композиций гидроколлоидов и эмульгаторов. Высокий уровень динамической вязкости достигался при доминировании камедей ксантановой или гуаровой (при использовании ксантановой), камеди тары в присутствии каппа каррагинана. В случае совместного использования камедей ксантановой и тары значение вязкости превышало уровень 1000 мПа·с при градиенте сдвига на срез 0,41 с-1. Наименьшая твердость образцов получена при доминировании камеди тары в присутствии камеди рожкового дерева или ксантановой камеди в композиции с камедью тары и каппа каррагинаном. Наибольшей твердостью характеризовались образцы, в состав которого входил йота-каррагинан. Установлено, что используемые композиции эмульгаторов обеспечивают высокую термоустойчивость готового продукта, но незначительно снижают дисперсность воздушной фазы. Массовая доля плава через 2 ч выдерживания не превысила 10 % в экспериментальных образцах, в контроле ‒ 18 %. Тенденции, установленные в исследовании, могут быть использованы при создании новых композиций стабилизаторов с учетом химического состава мороженого на предприятиях, целенаправленно изготавливающих комплексные пищевые добавки и производящих мороженое.
ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ И ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ ПОЛУФАБРИКАТОВ ИЗ ТОПИНАМБУРА ДЛЯ ОБОГАЩЕНИЯ ХЛЕБОБУЛОЧНЫХ ИЗДЕЛИЙ
Authors: Типсина Нэлли Николаевна , Демиденко Галина Александровна , Кох Денис Александрович
Published: January 2024

. Хлебобулочные изделия являются важными продуктами для коррекции питания человека. Технологии производства продуктов питания, в том числе хлебобулочных изделий с использованием нетрадиционного сырья, актуальная задача современности На территории Красноярского края наблюдается дефицит потребления населением овощной, бахчевой, фруктово-ягодной продукции, являющейся источником микроэлементов, витаминов, пищевых волокон Применение клубней топинамбура, как нетрадиционного сырья в производстве витаминизированных продуктов, является основой поступления в организм человека биологически активных веществ. Уникальная ценность топинамбура определяется, в первую очередь, его химическим составом. С топинамбуром человек получает комплекс биологически активных веществ, что делает его наиболее устойчивым к стрессам и болезням. Цель исследования -технология получение и применение полуфабрикатов из топинамбура для обогащения новых хлебобулочных изделий. Объект исследования - образцы сдобной булочки «Топинамбурная», как нового хлебобулочного изделия из пшеничной муки высшего сорта добавлением сырой мякоти топинамбура. Использовались стандартные методы и методики исследований. Результаты выполненных исследований показали, что от других овощей, топинамбур отличает уникальный углеводный комплекс на основе фруктозы и ее полимеров: фруктоолигосахиды и инулин. Клубни топинамбура содержат влажность (78 %), что в 5,2 раза превышает влажность сырой мякоти из топинамбура (15 %). Содержание сухих веществ, то есть всех имеющихся в овощах веществ, важнейший показатель от которого зависят биохимические процессы при хранении продукции, в клубнях топинамбура велико (19,5 %) и имеет достаточное количество в сырой мякоти топинамбура (9,2 %). На основании полученных результатов, экономическая эффективность разработанного изделия сдобной булочки «Топинамбурная», с добавлением сырой мякоти из топинамбура, является рентабельной. Рентабельность составляет 20%, поэтому выпуск сдобной булочки «Топинамбурная» возможен для расширения ассортимента и увеличения выработки изделий с использованием полуфабриката из нетрадиционного сырья.
РАЗРАБОТКА РЕЦЕПТУРЫ ОВСЯНОГО ПЕЧЕНЬЯ ПОВЫШЕННОЙ ПИЩЕВОЙ ЦЕННОСТИ С ПОЛУФАБРИКАТОМ ИЗ ПАСЛЕНА
Authors: Курцева Вера Геннадьевна , Колесниченко Марина Николаевна
Published: January 2024

Для населения России кондитерские изделия являются неотъемлемой частью рациона питания. Состав продукта и его полезные свойства имеют огромное значение в свете развития здорового питания. В работе изучена вероятность применения продуктов переработки плодов (ягод) паслена для увеличения ассортиментной линейки мучных кондитерских изделий, повышения пищевой ценности готового продукта, предложена рецептура и технология получения овсяного печенья с применением пюре из спелых ягод паслена. Ягоды паслена чёрного содержат большое количество ценных веществ, в том числе незаменимых – витамины, минеральные вещества, клетчатка, различные биофлавоноиды. Использование пюре паслена при разработке рецептур овсяного печенья является актуальной задачей, так как это способствует повышению пищевой ценности изделий. Цель исследования состояла в разработке рецептур овсяного печенья с заменой пшеничной муки высшего сорта на муку пшеничную цельнозерновую, и частичную замену смеси муки (цельнозерновая+овсяная) на пюре из плодов паслена. Данные исследования показали возможность добавления пасленового пюре в овсяное печенье в количестве 20 % взамен смеси муки (цельнозерновая+овсяная), именно при такой дозировке обеспечиваются наилучшие показатели качества полученных образцов. Рецептуру овсяного печенья с пюре из плодов паслена можно рекомендовать для предприятий, производящих мучные кондитерские изделия.
СТРУКТУРА И СВОЙСТВА СИСТЕМЫ «ПОКРЫТИЕ (Ag–C)/(МЕДЬ) ПОДЛОЖКА», ОБЛУЧЕННОЙ ИМПУЛЬСНЫМ ЭЛЕКТРОННЫМ ПУЧКОМ
Authors: Романов Денис Анатольевич Романов Денис Анатольевич , Московский  Станислав Владимирович Московский  Станислав Владимирович , Почетуха Василий Витальевич , Ващук Екатерина Степановна , Иванов Юрий Федорович Иванов Юрий Федорович
Published: January 2024

Полученная система Ag–C, сформированная на медной подложке, характеризуется высокоразвитой толщиной покрытия от 50 мкм до 550 мкм. В покрытии углеграфитовое волокно присутствует в виде пластин. Покрытие представляет собой легированный атомами меди агрегат. Изменение концентрации атомов меди при изменении расстояния от поверхности покрытия в глубину имеет положительный градиент. Формирование твердых растворов внедрения на основе меди и серебра подтверждено данными рентгенофазового анализа. Исследования методом микрорентгеноспектрального анализа фольг для просвечивающей электронной микроскопии показали, что медь в покрытии располагается в виде тонких прослоек по границам зерен серебра, либо формирует включения (зерна) субмикрокристаллических размеров. Установлено, что графит присутствует в виде наноразмерных (10‒15 нм) частиц в объеме зерен серебра и зерен меди, а также располагается на границах зерен серебра. В системе Ag–C/Сu выявлено формирование переходного слоя толщиной 250–300 нм. Размер субзерен в переходном слое изменяется в пределах 150–250 нм. Модуль упругости и микротвердость по Виккерсу уменьшаются с увеличением глубины покрытия. Износостойкость покрытия составляет 6·10–6 мм3/Н·м. Полученный набор свойств и характеристик структуры позволяет сделать вывод о пригодности сформированных покрытий для работы в электрических контактах мощных электрических сетей. Конкретный выбор определенной модели контактов требует дополнительных уточняющих исследований.
ТОРРЕФИКАЦИЯ И ПИРОЛИЗ ХВОИ PINUS SYLVESTRIS L.: СРАВНИТЕЛЬНАЯ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА ПРОДУКТОВ
Authors: Казарян Лилит Кареновна , Лоскутов Сергей Реджинальдович , Пляшечник Мария Анатольевна , Симкин Юрий Яковлевич
Published: January 2024

В настоящее время среди способов переработки древесной зелени (ДЗ и хвои, в частности) преобладают различные варианты экстракционной переработки с получением востребованных продуктов для производства товаров в сельскохозяйственной, медицинской, пищевой, парфюмерно-косметической и других отраслях. Важным направлением использования древесной зелени и хвои (листьев) является, по нашему мнению, пиролитическая конверсия этого сырья с целью получения жидкого и твердого биотоплива.  В Российской Федерации этому направлению внимания не уделяется. В своем исследовании нами получены новые данные о физико-химических свойствах торрефикатов и биоуглей, полученных термической переработкой хвои сосны обыкновенной. На базе комплекса методов – сканирующей электронной микроскопии (СЭМ), термогравиметрии (ТГ/ДТГ с использованием вторых производных контуров ДТГ по температуре), дифференциальной сканирующей калориметрии (ДСК) и аналитического пиролиза (Пи-ГХ/МС) – впервые исследованы физико-химические свойства торрефикатов и биоуглей, полученных при разных температурах пиролиза хвои сосны. Установлены механизм термоокислительной деструкции биоугля, характерные различия продуктов по структуре (СЭМ), процессов термоокислительной деструкции – по убыли массы и кинетике (энергии активации, констант скорости реакций), по удельной теплоте сгорания продуктов (от 15,20 до 26,64 МДж/кг), компонентному составу «вторичных» пиролизатов; полученных флэш пиролизом торрефикатов и биоуглей при 600 °С. Обсуждается целесообразность и перспективность пиролитической переработки хвои.
Влияние угла наклона сепарационных пластин мультивихревого сепаратора на эффективность и гидравлическое сопротивление
Authors: Зинуров Вадим Эдуардович , Харьков Виталий Викторович , Насырова Илюза Ильшатовна , Дмитриев Андрей Владимирович , Мугинов Арслан Маратович
Published: January 2024

Во многих отраслях промышленности существует проблема эффективной очистки газа от взвешенных твердых частиц. В статье предлагается использование оригинального мультивихревого сепаратора с соосно расположенными трубами и наклонными пластинами для очистки запыленного газа. Описывается конструкция устройства и механизм сепарации для газопылевой системы. Основными силами, влияющими на процесс сепарации частиц из газа в устройстве, являются гравитационные, инерционные и центробежные силы. В работе проведено исследование влияния угла наклона сепарационных пластин на эффективность улавливания частиц устройством и его гидравлическое сопротивление. В ходе численного исследования изменялись: угол наклона сепарационных пластин от 20 до 60°, входная скорость запыленного потока от 3 до 10 м/с, диаметр твердых частиц от 1 до 15 мкм, плотность частиц от 2500 до 4000 кг/м3. Результаты исследований показали, что сепарационные наклонные пластины способствуют повышению эффективности улавливания частиц в устройстве путем создания между соседними пластинами пространств с околонулевыми скоростями газа – буферных зон, в которые летят отсепарированные частицы из завихренного газопылевого потока в кольцевом пространстве, что предотвращает отскок частиц обратно в несущий поток. Найдено, что угол наклона сепарационных пластин практически не влияет на эффективность мультивихревого сепаратора. Наиболее оптимальной скоростью газопылевого потока на входе в сепаратор является 7 м/с. Эффективность устройства для частиц размером 1–15 мкм и их плотностью 2500–4000 кг/м3 в среднем составляет 49,2%. Гидравлическое сопротивление составляет 589,5 Па. При входной скорости газопылевого потока от 3 до 10 м/с гидравлическое сопротивление мультивихревого сепаратора увеличивается с 111,1 до 1245,3 Па.
OSCILLATION OF EVEN-ORDER NONLINEAR DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS WITH AN ADVANCED ARGUMENT
Authors: S.GRACE S.GRACE , G.CHHATRIA G.CHHATRIA
Published: January 2024

Thispaperdealswiththeoscillatory eha io ro sol tio stoaclasso e e order o li eardiffere tial e atio swithada cedar e ts. efi dasi le co ditio thate s restheoscillatio o thest diede atio . Ea plesarepro idedto de o stratethe ai fi di s. Keywords: da ceddiffere tiale atio ,Oscillatio ,No li ear,Ee order. MSC(2020)34 11,34 10.
A GENERAL PREDATOR-PREY MODEL WITH COMBINED GROWTH TERMS
Authors: J.KANG J.KANG , N.KOLIADKO N.KOLIADKO
Published: January 2024

Thepurposeofthispaper istogivesufficientconditionsfortheexistence anduniqueness of positive solutions toa rather general type of elliptic systemof the Dirichlet problemonaboundeddomainΩinRn. Also consideredare the effects of perturbationsonthecoexistencestateanduniqueness.Thetechniquesusedinthispaper aresuper-subsolutionsmethod,eigenvaluesofoperators,maximumprinciples, spectrum estimates, inverse functiontheory, andgeneral elliptictheory. Theargumentsalsorely onsomedetailedproperties forthesolutionof logisticequations. Theseresultsyieldan algebraicallycomputablecriterionforthepositivecoexistenceof speciesofanimalswith predator-preyrelationinmanybiologicalmodels.
ETHNOBOTANY SAGO (Metroxylon sago Rottb) in JAILOLO LOCAL COMMUNITY, WEST HALMAHERA REGENCY, INDONESIA
Authors: Hasan Said , Tolangara Abdulrasyid , Ahmad Hasna , Sahil Jailan , Suparman Suparman
Published: January 2024

Sago plants have long played an important role in people's lives, particularly in eastern Indonesia—such as in Papua, Maluku, and North Maluku. The objective of this study was to investigate how the local community in Jailolo District, West Halmahera Regency, utilizes sago plants in line with their traditional wisdom. The research method employed is exploratory-descriptive, which is valuable for depicting the characteristics of a phenomenon. This research was conducted in Jailolo District, West Halmahera Regency, and lasted for 3 months, from January to February 2023. The methodology involved direct observation and collected information from Sahu ethnic by interviews with the snowball sampling method. Additionally, documentation of the various forms of sago plant utilization was undertaken, encompassing sago stems, bark, fronds, sago leaf stalks, sago leaves, and sago flour. The data collected in this study were analyzed using qualitative descriptive analysis and presented in a narrative format. The results revealed that a majority of the people in Jailolo District, West Halmahera Regency, utilized sago plants to fulfill their daily needs, using them as an alternative food source to substitute rice. Sago plants are utilized in various forms, primarily in the form of sago flour, which is used to create a range of processed foods such as bagea, sago macarons, popeda, boko-boko, sago plates, sago sugar, and sinyole. Additionally, sago leaves are utilized for roofing houses, while sago fronds are used for ceilings, walls, and crafts such as paludi (Saloi). Sago stems are used to extract starch (flour), while the bark is utilized as firewood.
A comprehensive review on pilot plant scale up and platform technology
Authors: Bandarapalle Kishore , Kumarachari Rajasekhar Komarla , Sri Kamasani Teja , Neeraja Boyalapalli , Likhitha Chejarla , Chaitanya Krishna , Bhargavi C Y
Published: January 2024

The pharmaceutical business uses pilot plant scale-up strategies to create reliable manufacturing procedures and turn lab-scale formulas into commercial products. The place called Pilot is where the five elements Material, Man, Method, and Machine are combined to manufacture things. A tiny, basic lab scale formula will be tested on a replica of the intended plant in the pilot plant before spending a significant amount of money on a production unit. Scaling up a pilot plant provides information on formula examination, reviewing the range of pertinent processing equipment, understanding raw material specifications, production rate, and physical space requirements. It can hold accurate documentation and reports for analysis in support of the GMP procedure. This review research discusses the factors for solids, liquids, and semisolids for scaling up pilot plants. The primary goal of a pilot plant is to "identify errors on a small scale and generate revenue on a large scale."
A Review on regulatory affairs and regulatory requirements for drug approval
Authors: Bandarapalle Kishore , Kumarachari Rajasekhar Komarla , Sri Kamasani Teja , Neeraja Boyalapalli , Likhitha Chejarla , Chaitanya Krishna , Bhargavi C Y
Published: January 2024

Regulatory affairs are a new profession that can be developed for the controlling the safety, quality and efficacy of the drug products by submitting the investigational new drug application (IND) and new drug application (NDA) to regulatory authority. The whole process may be done in conscious manner in order to release a safe drug product to protect the public from toxic effects of drugs during and after the usage of drugs. The main intention of this article was to aware the peoples towards the role of regulatory affairs department, requirements for new drug approval and the involvement of the regulatory professionals in this process as well as how crucial it is to perform and monitor the clinical and nonclinical trials of the drug before marketing the drug.
A Prospective Observational Study in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital on the Trends and Outcomes of Poisoning Cases
Authors: Lalitha Chandu , Venugopalaiah Penabaka
Published: January 2024

Developing countries suffer from significant morbidity and mortality making poisoning the global health problem with thousands of deaths occurring every year. In India, 70% of the land is occupied by Agriculture making farmers the worst affected which accounts for one-third of pesticide poisoning. Organophosphorus chemicals as well as purposeful self-ingestion of poison in an effort at suicide account for the majority of the significant burden of poisoning associated with morbidity and mortality. Enforcing the law correctly when it comes to the distribution and sale of addictive medications, establishing boundaries for electronic media when it comes to exposing people to harsh facts and raising societal awareness of the importance of education are essential objectives. Not only will it save countless lives, but it will also lower health budget costs by fighting and managing diseases in line with WHO targets in poor nations.
Effectiveness of Pos Gizi
Authors: Anasiru M.A. , Domili I. , Arbie F.A. , Salman S. , Labatjo R. , Tumenggung I.
Published: January 2024

Children under five are prone to malnutrition, and this health problem is detrimental to the
growth and development of children. Children experiencing malnutrition are more likely
to suffer from infection, thus resulting in a rise in mortality and morbidity rates.
Malnutrition is quite high and tends to increase every year in Indonesia. Preventive and
management programs to address malnutrition have been developed by government and
non-government bodies. Among the programs is Pos Gizi. The present work explored the
effectiveness of Pos Gizi in terms of the nutrition intake of people participating in the
program. Indicators of the assessment involved the composition of body, weight, and
height of children under five. This quantitative study employed a cross-sectional approach
with a research sample involving 32 children under five with two criteria: inclusion and
exclusion. The anthropometric data consisted of weight, height, and fat thickness. All data
were analyzed using a multiple linear regression method. Pos Gizi was significant to the
weight (R2 = 0,347; p-value = 0,018), height (R2 = 0,376; p-value = 0,010), and fat
thickness (R2 = 0,468; p-value = 0,001) of the children under five. This research
concluded that Pos Gizi effectively increases the weight, height, and fat thickness of its
participants. Therefore, Pos Gizi should be implemented in areas with a high prevalence
of nutrition problems.
Correlation between bone density and calcium intake in overweight and obese
adolescents
Authors: Arbie F.Y. , Setiawan D.I. , Harikedua V.T. , Labatjo R. , Anasiru M.A. , Domili I. , Tumenggung I.
Published: January 2024

As the correlation between overweight and obesity on bone density in adolescence has not
been fully understood, this study aimed to identify the correlation between calcium intake,
bone density, and overweight/obesity status in adolescents. Conducted in two urban areas,
Gorontalo City and Manado City, this research employed a cross-sectional study design.
The research sample was obtained by using the minimum sample size formula for a crosssectional study. The total sample encompassed 90 samples (45 adolescents in Gorontalo
City and 45 adolescents in Manado City). The collected data comprised anthropometric
data, bodyweight classification, bone density data, and calcium intake data. The data
analysis was carried out by univariate analysis and Pearson correlation analysis. The
results of the Pearson correlation test show that body weight is significantly correlated
with bone density and calcium intake, each with p-values of 0.000 and 0.001, respectively.
Thus, it was concluded that body weight correlates with bone density and calcium intake.
Biological activities of macroalgae in the Moudulung waters: bioactive
compounds and antioxidant activity
Authors: Meiyasa F. , Taringan N. , Henggu K.U. , Tega Y.R. , Ndahawali S. , Zulfamy K.E. , Saputro M.N.B. , Priyastiti I.
Published: January 2024

This study aimed to determine the bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity of
macroalgae in Moudolung Waters. The bioactive compounds in seven samples of
macroalgae were extracted with methanol. Analysis of macroalgae bioactive compounds
was carried out qualitatively by determining the presence of bioactive compounds
including alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, phenol hydroquinone, and steroids/
terpenoids. antioxidant activity was carried out using the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl-hydrate) method. Data were analyzed descriptively using Microsoft Excel and all
data are expressed as mean. The results showed that these seven macroalgae species have
bioactive compounds such as alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, phenol
hydroquinone, and steroids/terpenoids which function as antioxidants. The highest
antioxidant activity was the MA6 (Turbinaria ornate) followed by MA1 (Hormopysa
triquetra), MA4 (Ulva flexuosa syn. Enteromorpha flexuosa), MA5 (Eucheuma
spinosum), MA2 (Sargassum muticum), MA3 (Gracilaria corticate), and MA7
(Ulva reticulata) were 75.25 mg/mL, 90.31 mg/mL, 134.52 mg/mL, 200.22 mg/mL,
216.91 mg/mL, 259.16 mg/mL, and 270.42 mg/mL, respectively. The results suggested
that Turbinaria ornate and Hormopysa triquetra could be used as an important substitute
for functional ingredients in foods and pharmaceuticals or nutraceuticals.
Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Pemilihan Personil untuk Pengamanan Infrastruktur IT TNI Angkatan Laut Menggunakan Metode Vikor
Authors: Rahmat Mohammad Faried , Julianto Abdillah Imam
Published: January 2024

The selection of personnel for the IT Infrastructure Section of the Indonesian Navy has the duty and responsibility to protect IT Infrastructure in the Indonesian Navy in protecting infrastructure assets from cyber security attacks which are increasingly being carried out by irresponsible parties. In carrying out their duties, proper staffing data is required according to the field and in accordance with the criteria related to Engineering, Tactics and Strategic. Therefore, this research developed a decision support system to analyze and select appropriate personnel in the field and according to the criteria to be able to develop and maintain IT Infrastructure in the Indonesian Navy. The method used in this study is to use the Vikor method. with research subjects are IT Infrastructure personnel in the Indonesian Navy. the calculation results from the Vikor method with Technical, Tactical and Strategic criteria will show appropriate personnel with qualified capabilities in protecting IT Infrastructure in the Indonesian Navy from Cyber attacks.
Comparison of Different Combined Multiple Tunnel Complexes in Soft Soil under Seismic Vibrations
Authors: Naseem Ahsan , Ansari Wajahat S. , Kashif Muhammad , Naseem Asad , Sadiq Shamsher , Schotte Ken , De Backer Hans
Published: January 2024

The resilience of underground tunnels has gained paramount importance recently, driven by the need to ensure the safety and functionality of critical transportation and infrastructure systems during seismic events. Underground tunnels are prone to severe damage when the soil condition is poor and located in a high seismic zone. While the behavior of individual tunnels has been extensively studied, the concept of multiple tunnels combined into a large tunnel complex is relatively new, with limited available research focusing on rectangular-shaped tunnel complexes and requiring a more detailed examination. This study parametrically analyzes two novel and unconventional structures in soft soil, i.e., twin and triple tunnel complexes resulting from the combination of closely spaced circular twin and triple individual tunnels. Seismic records from Coyote (US, 1979), Kobe (Japan, 1995), and Kocaeli (Turkey, 1999) have been used to determine the produced surface displacements, tunnel distortions, lateral stresses on the tunnel structures, and the induced seismic forces, including thrusts, shear forces, and bending moments. The results are then compared with the conventional rectangular-shaped tunnel complex, which is also analyzed under the same conditions. The comparison shows that the twin and triple tunnel complexes are comparatively better seismic performers than the conventional rectangular tunnel complex, with reduced ground displacements produced, lesser incurred structural distortions, experienced lateral stresses, and induced seismic forces. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-12-01 Full Text: PDF
The Effect of Triangle Slope Variation on Froude Number with Numerical Simulation
Authors: Hatta Mukhsan Putra , Widyastuti Ira , Makkarumpa’ Andi Muh. M.
Published: January 2024

Many parameters can be influenced by speed flow, like form resistance and speed flow. Form obstacles influence structure turbulent flowing water, so that can raise potency change speed and pattern flow around the structure building. This study considers the tilted corner prisoner structure triangle and incoming water flow to influence the pattern and speed flow that occur after the genre through the obstacle triangle using IRic simulation. IRIC is a simulation platform that supports numeric and various breaker computing problems in water science and engineering. The variations of the corner prisoner plate triangle used in this study are 30°, 45°, and 60°. The transverse channel is blocked with a ratio of β = 1/10, and upstream-downstream boundary conditions are open. Results show what will happen in the genre critical moment pass structure. Because the change is significant, Froude's number. Observations that took place showed that speed flow on each slope was stable before the pass structure and was not stable after the pass structure. Whirlpools occur on a45° slope, so the speed flow that occurs will increase significantly. On an incline of60°, it will have the largest Froude number, which is caused by the depth (D)created by the 60°angle being higher in comparison with another slope. For an incline of30°, show speed, more flow, and a constant flow with a bigger Froude number. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-12-012 Full Text: PDF
Investigating the Influence of Rigden Void of Fillers on the Moisture Damage of Asphalt Mixtures
Authors: Wuttisombatjaroen Jirat , Hemnithi Nithinan , Chaturabong Preeda
Published: January 2024

Moisture damage and bond loss are major factors in pavement degradation, often stemming from excessive moisture accumulation due to weather events. Water infiltrates the gap between asphalt binder and aggregate, weakening the asphalt bond. Rigden Void (RV) has emerged as a crucial parameter in assessing the susceptibility of asphalt mastic-aggregate systems to moisture-induced damage. However, numerous waste natural fillers have been researched as potential aggregate filler replacements, yet their role in moisture damage remains unexplored. Therefore, this study aimed to understand how different fillers, including waste natural materials like coconut peat and bagasse, affect asphalt mixture performance and moisture damage. Results showed that Rigden Voids were positively correlated with pore size and negatively correlated with surface area. Larger pores contributed to higher Rigden Voids, while greater surface areas led to lower values. Limestone had the highest Rigden Void percentage due to its larger pore size and lower surface area. The research also explored contact parameters between fillers and asphalt, revealing varying interactions based on filler and asphalt types. Moisture damage testing demonstrated that all mixtures, both dense and porous, displayed good resistance to moisture damage. The correlation analysis between Rigden Voids and moisture damage revealed varying degrees of influence, dependent on asphalt type and aggregate gradation. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-12-014 Full Text: PDF
Interaction Strength of Hanger and Horizontal Steel Reinforcement of Dapped End Beams
Authors: Mohammad Abdul Kareem Q. , Abbas Rafaa M.
Published: January 2024

The dapped end beam members have a special end with low depth at the support area, which results in a weak area against shear stresses. Classical structural analysis doesn’t capture the precise steel reinforcement interaction at the dapped zone area. The main objectives of this study are to investigate the strength of the dapped end area and to analyze stresses in the steel reinforcement to evaluate the shear failure mechanism at the re-entrant corner. The experimental tests conducted on RC beam samples, in addition to the numerical simulation of these samples by a finite element program, have been compared with a mathematical model. The experimental program highlighted the strains in the steel reinforcement in the dapped region to calculate the magnitude of the stresses in the steel reinforcement. In the experimental program, six dapped beams were fabricated with a length of 3 m, a width of 150 mm, and a depth of 300 mm. The notched end has a 150-mm depth and 150-mm height. These beams were loaded by a concentrated load near support to investigate the shear strength capacity. From the results for steel reinforcement strain, it is found that hanger and horizontal steel reinforcements interact to provide dapped end shear strength. The study proposes a new approach to computing shear strength capacity at the re-entrant corner by adding the contributions of the horizontal and hanger steel reinforcement using an appropriate proportion strain factor. This method revealed greater carrying capacity for the dapped end beam compared with other common structural methods. The results of the numerical analysis were done by the ABAQUS finite element program, showing the same behavior as the experimental work. This study proved the common contribution of hanger and horizontal re-entrant corner steel reinforcement and proposed a new formula to determine the updated nominal shear strength. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-12-015 Full Text: PDF
Landslide Susceptibility Assessment in Western External Rif Chain using Machine Learning Methods
Authors: Benmakhlouf Marouane , El Kharim Younes , Galindo-Zaldivar Jesus , Sahrane Reda
Published: January 2024

Landslides are a major natural hazard in the mountainous Rif region of Northern Morocco. This study aims to create and compare landslide susceptibility maps in the Western External Rif Chain context using three advanced machine learning models: Random Forest (RF), Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), and K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN). The landslide database, created by satellite imagery and field research, contains an inventory of 3528 cases of slope movements. A database of 12 conditioning factors was prepared, including elevation, slope, aspect, curvature, lithology, rainfall, topographic wetness index (TWI), stream power index (SPI), distance to streams, distance to faults, distance to roads, and land cover. The database was randomly divided into training and validation sets at a ratio of 70/30. The predictive capabilities of the models were evaluated using overall accuracy (Acc), area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), kappa index, and F score measures. The results indicated that RF was the most suitable model for this study area, demonstrating the highest predictive capability (AUC= 0.86) compared to the other models. This aligns with previous landslide studies, which found that ensemble methods like RF and XGBoost offer superior accuracy. The most important causal factors of landslides in the study area were identified as slope, rainfall, and elevation, while the influence rate of TWI and SPI was the minimum. By analyzing a larger inventory of landslides on a more extensive scale, this study aims to improve the accuracy and reliability of landslide predictions in a west Mediterranean morphoclimatic context that encompasses a wide variety of lithologies. The resulting maps can serve as a crucial resource for land use planning and disaster management planning. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-12-018 Full Text: PDF
An Experimental Study of Strength Increase in Masonry Wall Reinforced by One-sided Khorasan Mortar with Steel Mesh
Authors: Öztaş Volkan , Torunbalcı Necdet
Published: January 2024

The strengthening of masonry structures is of paramount importance due to their inherent lack of tensile elements, rendering them susceptible to tensile stresses induced by horizontal loads and the resultant substantial damage. Consequently, this study aims to develop a reinforcement system for the strengthening of historical masonry structures by using mortars devoid of cement and modern pozzolan. Experiments were conducted on masonry walls unreinforced and reinforced by a one-sided Khorasan mortar with steel mesh. Initially, six masonry brick walls constructed using Khorasan lime mortar were prepared. Subsequently, after a waiting period of six months, Khorasan plaster mortar, reinforced with steel mesh, was applied to three masonry walls on one side. Following an 18-month waiting period, all samples were subjected to testing in an experimental setup designed and manufactured for this purpose. The wall reinforcement resulted in a significant increase, with the average peak load by 215.73%, and the average displacement by 48.82%. The experimental shear force on unreinforced walls was found to be 41.23% lower than Eurocode-6 and 1.41% lower than TBDY-2018. In the case of one-sided reinforced walls, the experimental shear force was 9.94% lower than Eurocode-6 and 6.16% lower than TBDY-2018. This form of strengthening not only obviates the use of potentially damaging cement in historical buildings but also extends the lifespan of the reinforced structures. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-12-019 Full Text: PDF
Effect of Silane and Silicate based Penetrants against Corrosion of Steel with Partial Cover Thickness
Authors: Khalid Muhammad Afaq , Miyazato Shinichi , Minato Tatsuya , Mizuguchi Hibiki
Published: January 2024

The partial cover thickness of reinforced concrete structures near the coastline enhances the early corrosion onset, which reduces the service life. As a countermeasure under the preventive maintenance approach, to delay early corrosion onset in structures with partial cover thickness and increase durability throughout the service life, this study used silane and silicate-based surface penetrants. Mortar specimens with a partial cover thickness and embedded, specially segmented bars were prepared. Both penetrants were applied to specimens with partial cover thicknesses (20 and 7.5 mm). Further, electrochemical methods such as macrocell current, microcell current, electric resistivity, and potentiodynamic polarization curves were used to assess the corrosion resistance before and after coating. The penetration depth of silane was measured visually, and the Vickers hardness test was used for the silicate penetrant. The “equivalent cover approach” was adopted to evaluate the performance of penetrants throughout their service lives. Results revealed that the total corrosion current density decreased by 79% for specimens coated with silane and 52% for silicate penetrant, whereas no change was observed in the uncoated specimens. Based on the equivalent cover approach, the silane penetrant was determined to be most effective in delaying the corrosion onset and propagation time for cover thicknesses of 60 and 50 mm at 100 m distance against 70 mm, and for 40 and 30 mm against 50 mm at 250 m from the coastline. Further, the silicate-based penetrant was only effective for a deficient cover thickness of 5 mm against the specified cover thicknesses at a distance of 100 and 250 m from the sea coast. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-12-02 Full Text: PDF
Strength and Chemical Characterization of Ultra High-Performance Geopolymer Concrete: A Coherent Evaluation
Authors: Midhin Midhin A. K. , Wong Leong Sing , Ahmed Ali Najah , Jasim Al Mashhadani D. A. , Paul Suvash C.
Published: January 2024

The objective of this review article is to analyze published data encompassing compressive strength, tensile strength, elastic modulus, and flexural strength, as well as the utilization of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and x-ray diffraction (XRD) for Ultra High-Performance Geopolymer Concrete (UHP-GC), with the focus of establishing the current research trends regarding its mechanical, microstructural, and chemical characteristics. After a critical evaluation of the published data from the literature findings, it became evident that UHP-GC can attain a remarkably high level of engineering performance. In UHP-GC, the optimum percentage of silica fume as a slag partial replacement to achieve high compression, tensile, and elastic modulus were traced to be 25, 30, and 35%, respectively. The optimum ratio of sodium silicate to sodium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide molarity for UHP-GC were identified to be 3.5 and 16, respectively. All in all, the review provides a thorough understanding of the review gap and distinct functions of different raw materials in decreasing porosity and enhancing the formation of geopolymeric gels that not only bond but also strengthen UHP-GC. UHP-GC stands as an energy-saving material in concrete technology, poised to forge a path towards a sustainable future for the building sector. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-12-020 Full Text: PDF
Modeling Finned Thermal Collector Construction Nanofluid-based Al2O3 to Enhance Photovoltaic Performance
Authors: Prasetyo Singgih D. , Budiana Eko P. , Prabowo Aditya R. , Arifin Zainal
Published: January 2024

Extensive research has been conducted to address the issue of the reduced efficiency of solar photovoltaic (PV) cells at high temperatures. To address this problem, a hybrid cooling system has been developed. This system uses a thermal collector to convert waste heat into reusable heat. Selecting the best configuration and operational parameters for the collector is crucial for maximizing system performance. To achieve this, we conducted computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling using ANSYS. Various factors affecting the cooling of PV solar cells were analyzed, including the collector design, mass flow rate, and concentration of the Al2O3 nanofluids. Results showed that the 12S finned thermal collector system exhibits the lowest temperature for PV solar cells, at approximately 29.654 oC. The electrical efficiency of PV solar cells is influenced by the concentration of Al2O3 nanofluids. We found that the 12S finned collector system with 1% water/Al2O3 nanofluid achieved the highest efficiency (approximately 11.749%) at a flow rate of 0.09 kg/s. The addition of finned collectors affects efficiency and variations in fluid mass flow rates, and there is no relation between the connector type and different Al2O3nanofluid concentrations. In other words, the cooling system can be optimized to enhance the efficiency of the PV solar cells under high-temperature conditions. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-12-03 Full Text: PDF
Barremian-Aptian-Albian carbon isotope segments as chronostratigraphic signals: Numerical age calibration and durations
Authors: Scott R. W.
Published: January 2024

Chemostratigraphic signals are becoming common tools in chronostratigraphic correlations. Specifically total organic and carbonate carbon percentages (TOCorg/carb) and carbon isotope curves are diagnostic in Cretaceous Aptian-Albian-Cenomanian strata. Cretaceous carbon isotope signals define oceanic anoxic events (OAEs) and have been subdivided into successive segments. These segments are used as correlation markers because they represent oceanographic and depositional conditions, and hence, incur time significance. Although the segments have been integrated with biovents in key sections, numerical ages of the segments have yet to be calibrated. Because direct correlation of these segments of carbon isotope curves with interbedded radiometrically dated beds is not possible currently, other methods must be applied to interpolate numerical ages. Graphic plots of five sections successfully integrate carbon isotope segments with established numerically dated chronostratigraphicmarkers. Carbon isotope segments were first defined in European Tethys Cismon and Rotter Sattel Barremian-Albian sections. The Aptian segments were subsequently identified in the Mexican Santa Rosa Canyon sectionwhere the lower Albian segments were defined. Each section haswell documented microfossils andmagnetochrons that relate the segments to biozones. These bioevents and chronozones enable the carbon segments to be integrated with a comprehensive Cretaceous time scale, the CRECSDB42. Ages assigned to the segments enable them to be used in sections where local fossil zones are recorded such as in the Chihuahua basin in northernMexico. The age calibration of carbon isotope segments measures the durations of the oceanic isotopic excursions. The durations fluctuate up to and after OAE 1a at irregular frequencies different from climatic cycles. Changing durations of carbon isotope segments may be clues to changes in processes or the effects of the process that altered the ocean carbon reservoir in addition to climatic changes.
Cenozoic rivers of northeast Africa: Evidence of trans-Saharan drainage
Authors: Issawi Bahay , Youssef El Sayed A. A. , Maxwell Ted
Published: January 2024

Radar imagery of the Sahara of Egypt and eastern Libya has dramatically changed previous concepts in regard to long term aridity of this region, revealing an extensive network of buried fluvial channels documenting the river systems that developed in the proto-Sahara during the Late Paleogene and Neogene, following the early Eocene regression of the Mediterranean Sea, and prior to Pleistocene aridification. The fall in base level associated with the end-Miocene Messinian desiccation of the Mediterranean led to deep down-cutting and extension of river systems throughout much of North Africa and South Europe. The deep, infilled canyons beneath the modern Rhone and Nile are well known, but the radar imagery identifies other deep canyons under the North African Sahara that are now invisible. In eastern Libya, drainage from Serir Tebisti (Tebisti Massif) into the Mediterranean via the Sirt Basin was channeled by two main rivers, the Sahabi in the west and the Kufra in the east; these were subsequently united in the Early Pliocene when the latter captured the former. The Gilf River was another important channel that drained north from the Uweinat-Gilf highland in southwest Egypt, in a system that may have been connected with the Kufra during the Neogene and enabling fish to move from the presently isolated Chad Basin to northern Libya and Egypt. The interplay of these north-flowing rivers and the constant northward retreat of the Mediterranean shoreline from Oligocene onward resulted in deposits of fluvial and marine sedimentation in every possible combinaton that have been described by many authors in the region between the Tebisti and the present Mediterranean shoreline. Prior to the establishment of the Nile, a southwestward drainage, the Qena River, was initiated by Oligocene uplift and lateral faulting along the Red Sea shoulder of the East African Rift. This river discharged into a distributive network known as the Radar Rivers near latitude 23° 30'N in the Southwestern Desert. It has been suggested that waters from the Qena River continued to flow southwestward to the Atlantic Ocean, in what is known as Trans African Drainage System (TADS).