bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Electrocardiographic signs of cardiovascular system dysfunction in the context of various courses of COVID-19 in young and middle-aged individuals
Authors: Bratilova Ekaterina S. , Kachnov Vasilii A. , Tyrenko Vadim V.
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUD: Intensive monitoring of patients with the coronavirus disease should include functional monitoring of the cardiovascular system. Physiologic methods can detect dysfunction of the cardiovascular system, however, it is not always possible to identify initial or hidden dysfunction. Therefore, clinical data should be complemented with results from instrumental methods, particularly electrocardiography.
AIM: To identify preclinical electrocardiography signs of cardiovascular system dysfunction in the context of various courses of coronavirus disease in young and middle-aged individuals.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis of 337 medical records of young and middle-aged individuals (40.0 ± 13.3 years old) was conducted. The analysis of the medical records included electrocardiograms in 12 leads with the assessment of standard parameters, results of laboratory and instrumental tests. In order to identify the main factors predicting an unfavorable course of the coronavirus disease, a factor analysis was conducted using electrocardiography parameters. Logistic regression analysis was used to develop a statistical model for predicting the likelihood of a severe course and fatal outcome of COVID-19, followed by assessing the diagnostic value of the prognostic model using the ROC curve and determining the area under the curve.
RESULTS: The main factors predicting an unfavorable course of the new coronavirus disease in young and middle-aged individuals based on electrocardiography data include the α angle factor, the ventricular repolarization factor and the heart rate factor. In addition, as electrocardiography predictors, the elongation of the P wave and PQ interval, the amplitude of the R wave in lead one, the decrease in the T wave amplitude in the precordial leads, and the amplitude of the R wave in leads two and three can be considered. Based on the identified electrocardiography predictors, a mathematical model for predicting a severe course and fatal outcome of the new coronavirus disease was developed.
CONCLUSIONS: Thus, electrocardiography is an indicative method that can be influenced by infectious process which is performed for all individuals upon admission to the hospital, allowing this examination to be considered the most accessible for detecting preclinical signs of an unfavorable course of COVID-19.
Pheochromocytoma in combination with severe aortic insufficiency: clinical case
Authors: Shustov Sergey B. , Shafigullina Zulfiya R. , Vydrych Anna N. , Lisitsyn Aleksandr A. , Semenova Alisa N.
Published: April 2024

Pheochromocytoma is a rare neuroendocrine tumor of the adrenal medulla with widespread cardiac complications. Dilation of the heart chambers can cause valve defects. At the same time, severe cardiac comorbid conditions that complicate the choice of treatment tactics for patients are not sufficiently described in the literature. A clinical case of pheochromocytoma in combination with severe aortic insufficiency in a man admitted to the endocrinology department is presented. In conditions of aortic insufficiency, the risk of surgical intervention is extremely high. After a thorough analysis of clinical and laboratory-instrumental data, the patient was recommended to have a right-sided laparoscopic adrenalectomy.
Eruptions in focus: cefadroxil and the uncommon realm of fixed-drug reactions: a case report
Authors: Agrawal Palak , Kunkulol Rahul , Ghodke Kartik Dhananjay
Published: April 2024

This case report explores a rare case of localized fixed-drug eruption (FDE) induced by cefadroxil, a first-generation cephalosporin. FDE, characterized by recurrent lichenoid lesions at specific sites upon drug exposure, is an immunological cutaneous adverse reaction. The incidence of FDE due to cephalosporins is infrequently reported, making this case noteworthy. We present a 51-year-old male who developed brownish-black patches and painful blisters on his extremities after initiating treatment with Cefadroxil for a minor toe injury. The patient's symptoms, clinical course, and subsequent recovery are detailed. Treatment involved corticosteroids, antibiotics, and topical agents. The report also provides immunological insights into FDE pathogenesis, involving CD8+ memory T cells, cytokine production, and the role of CD4+ regulatory T cells. While the exact pathogenesis of FDE remains elusive, this report sheds light on the mechanisms contributing to the self-limited nature of these eruptions. Causality assessment using the Naranjo algorithm categorized the association between cefadroxil and FDE as probable. This case report contributes to the limited literature on FDE caused by cephalosporins and underscores the importance of recognizing and managing such dermatological reactions. The broader implications of understanding FDE pathogenesis and the rarity of cephalosporin-induced cases provides valuable insights for clinicians and researchers.
Role of clinical pharmacist in drug utilization evaluation, medication adherence and pharmacovigilance
Authors: Saji Sanju T. , V. V. Prasanth , Dagariya Rishab Kumar
Published: April 2024

A series of systematic, criterion-based drug evaluation known as Drug utilization review are conducted on a regular basis to ensure that medication is utilized appropriately. It’s a mean of learning more about the issues brought on by drug usage, if done properly, may help to solve the issues. Medication adherence generally refers to a patient’s ability to take prescription drugs as directed and their continued use of those drugs. The increasing body of research linking medication non adherence to unfavorable outcomes and increased healthcare cost has raised concerns among clinicians, healthcare institutions, and other stakeholders. Pharmacovigilance, in which the procedures keeping an eye on the assessing adverse medication reactions, is essential to clinical practice, public health and efficient drug regulating system.  Aim of the study was wo study about the role of pharmacist in drug utilization review, medication adherence and pharmacovigilance.
A review on cardiovascular risk in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: G. Ramya Balaprabha , P. Sri Vaishnavi , M. Harika Guptha , Sree N. Krishna , Rao T. Rama
Published: April 2024

A systemic inflammatory disease known as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is distinguished by excessive cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and death. Traditional CV risk factors may partially contribute to CV disease in RA. Shared inflammatory mediators, post-translational modifications of peptides/proteins and subsequent immune responses, changes in the composition and function of lipoproteins, increased oxidative stress, and endothelial dysfunction are some of the mechanisms that link RA and CVD. The detailed pathogenetic pathway by which this association between RA and CVD might be explained is still not entirely known. It is crucial for controlling cardiovascular risk in people with RA. Optimizing care of traditional risk factors in addition to those inherent to RA is necessary to lessen the burden caused by CVD. The potential effect of planned Cardiac risk management in these individuals is highlighted by findings for under diagnosis and inadequate treatment of conventional CVD risk factors in RA. Present cardiovascular standards suggest RA patients to be examined for and treated for CVD risk factors without appropriate treatment goals. Utilizing potent anti-rheumatic medications that can reduce disease activity and treating the conventional CV risk factors should both be part of the therapy of CV risk in RA. There is currently insufficient scientific data to develop therapy targets for RA-related CVD risk factors. Thus, more study is required on the traditional CVD risk factor screening and management in RA patients.
Prognostic value of resistive index (measured in anterior cerebral artery) in term neonates with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy
Authors: Ahmad Sheikh Nisar , Mehraj Junaid , Ahmad Mukhtar , Beigh Mudawar Saleem , Mir Owais Ahmad , Mir Naseer Yousuf
Published: April 2024

Background: Perinatal asphyxia refers to a condition during the first and second stage of labor and soon after birth in which impaired gas exchange leads to acidosis, hypoxemia, and hypercarbia. The Doppler technique is a non-invasive method that can be used at the bed side without disturbing patients, for risk of subsequent neurodevelopment impairment in HIE. It has been proven that impaired cerebral circulation plays the main role in the pathogenesis of hypoxic ischemic brain injury in neonates.
Methods: Doppler sonography conducted in all enrolled subjects. Cerebral blood flow parameters-peak systolic velocity, end diastolic velocity and resistive index were measured in anterior cerebral artery bilaterally on parasagittal planes obtaining the images through the anterior fontanelle with in first 72 hours.
Results: In our study we found that death during hospital stay in neonates with normal RI and abnormal RI is 13% and 28.6% respectively (p<0.01). Abnormal neurological outcome of 70.6% at 6 months and 64.7% at 12 months in patients with abnormal RI and 23.3% at 6 months and 18.6% at 12 months in patients with normal RI (p<0.01).
Conclusions: There is a significant correlation between neurodevelopmental disabilities and cerebral blood flow parameters in neonates with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy. Detection of increased or decreased in cerebral blood flow velocities in neonates with in first 72 hours postpartum has a significant prognostic value related to death and long-term neurodevelopmental outcome.
Hematological profile of pediatric patients with dengue in district hospital Samba
Authors: Pattu Arshee
Published: April 2024

Background: Dengue is an acute viral illness spread by vector aedes mosquito and caused by RNA virus of the family Flaviviridae. Dengue presents with high fever, severe headache, vomiting, arthralgia, myalgia. Laboratory findings include thrombocytopenia and leukopenia. Dengue is self-limiting illness. Objectives were to study hematological profile of pediatric patients with dengue in district hospital samba from September to November 2022.
Methods: Dengue patients aged 0-18 years detected by ELISA NS1 antigen assay in DH samba were included in the study. CBC of all these patients was analyzed on day of presentation to hospital and day of dengue positivity.
Results: There were 50 participants in this study. Out of these 35 (70%) were males and 15 (30%) were females, 11 patients were 1-5-year-old (22%); 16 patients were 6-12-year-old (32%); 23 patients were 13-18-year-old (46%), 21 patients (42%) had thrombocytopenia at presentation. 29 out of 50 (58%) were anemic, 19 out of 50 (38%) patients had leukocytopenia. Statistically significant association were seen between age group and platelet counts; platelet and leukocyte count.
Conclusions: Teenagers were most commonly affected. Males were affected 3× more than females. Although thrombocytopenia was not universal at presentation but it was observed in less than half (42%) of study participants. One third of study participants (38%) had leukocytopenia at presentations. Thrombocytopenia was most predominant in adolescent age group. Leukocytopenia and thrombocytopenia were associated with each other.
Fostering students’ creative thinking when teaching poetry writing in a foreign language
Authors: Gradaleva E. A. , Polukhina M. O.
Published: April 2024

The article is dedicated to studying and developing strategies for fostering creative thinking among students through the teachingof poetry writing in a foreign language. In professional activities, creative thinking is evident when one must act in situations of uncertainty, lack of standard problem-solving methods, and rapidly changing conditions. A set of exercises for preparing students to create poetic texts has been proposed and tested. Both standard methods and new ones, based on the theoretical principles of D. Hanauer, are applied, ensuring a high-quality preparatory stage that motivates students to self-discovery and self-expression. The experiment showed that 100 % of the participants not only demonstrated their ability to independently complete the final task using literary techniques but also displayed deep involvement in the process of writing poetry. They were able to merge the content of the novel with their own memories and emotions, creating unique and emotionally rich poetic works. The obtained results have practical applications in the field of developing students’ creative thinking when studying a foreign language.
Semantics of the lexemes «freedom» and «will» in the Old Russian language as a reflection of the value dominants of the historical era (based on the material of dictionaries)
Authors: Kiseleva L. A.
Published: April 2024

The article is devoted to identifying the connection of meanings within the semantic structure of the words «freedom» and «will» in the Old Russian language, indirectly reflecting the system of values and beliefs of the corresponding historical era. The relevance of the research is due to the insufficient study of the patterns of interpreting abstract concepts in the Russian language of the older generation. Uses a complex of linguistic methods, such as analysis of dictionary definitions, semantic field method, contextual analysis, etc. The semantics of the lexemes «freedom» and «will» in the Old Russian language is characterized by syncretism, which determines the complex connection of the meanings of these units. Thus, the word «freedom» reflects a number of correlated ideas about this phenomenon: 1) the internal (psychological) state of freedom; 2) social state of freedom; 3) causation of social freedom; 4) causation of internal freedom; 5) a person is a carrier of a state. The corresponding semantic field, the core of which is the word «freedom», in the Old Russian language has an isostructural organization. The semantic structure of the word «will» is less extensive, but it also represents the connection of this concept with the internal (mental), social and religious spheres. It is shown that freedom and will are interpreted in the Old Russian language as significant axiological phenomena that determine the self-awareness of an individual and the norms of his behavior in various spheres of life. The semantics of the words «freedom» and «will» reflect ideas about the close interaction of two principles: sacred (religious) and profane (psychological and social). At the same time, these lexemes emphasize one or another specified aspect: «freedom» primarily correlates with the social and religious spheres, while the «will» turns out to be associated with the internal (psychological) sphere of desire.
Linguistic representation of the concept BERLIN WALL in German eonyms
Authors: Tumanova E. E.O.
Published: April 2024

The article is devoted to the study of linguistic representation of the concept BERLIN WALL in modern German. The main goal of the article is to identify and describe eonyms (key words of the epoch) that preserve the historical memory of the Berlin Wall in modern German. The material of the study was eonyms selected from the rating lists of the linguistic action of the German Language Society (Gesellschaft für deutsche Sprache e. V.) «Word of the Year» for the period from 1978 to 2020, verbalizing the concept BERLIN WALL. The application of comparative-historical and descriptive methods made it possible to identify eonyms representing the result of linguistic reflection of the most important political phenomenon in modern German history. The article provides a linguocultural analysis of the selected eonyms in synchronic and diachronic aspects. The author describes the influence of the BERLIN WALL concept on the perception of East and West German citizens of each other, analyses the linguistic reflection of changes in political and social life in Germany in the critical era after German reunification. The description of the socio-historical contexts of the emergence of eonyms as representatives of the BERLIN WALL concept allows us to characterise the existing linguistic stereotypes in the German language. The analysis highlights the eonyms and their derivatives, which appear with certain cyclicity, linking historical events with each other and characterising the dynamic development of society and language. The unfolding of the meanings projected in the eonyms allows us to identify the most significant historical events reflected in the concept of BERLIN WALL, to interpret the differences in communicative behaviour between the inhabitants of East and West Germany.
Origins of Russian fishing business in the Lower Reaches of the Volga region (late XV – early XVII century)
Authors: Dubman E. L.
Published: April 2024

Abstract: The article considers peculiarities of development of Russian commercial fishing in the Lower Reaches of the Volga region in the epoch of formation of the united Russian state. To study this process, the water area of the river from the influx of Bolshoy Cheremshan in it to the Volga-Don Portage. Researchers of fish resources of the European Southeast of Russia believe that in terms of their riches valuable species of fish these fishing grounds were inferior only to the lower Volga and Northern Caspian. The chronological framework of the work covers the period from the first attempts of penetration of Russian fishermen into the Volga in the late XV century. and continued until the appearance of regular fishing business after the annexation of the Middle and Lower Volga region to the Moscow state. The source for the study of the topic are archival materials from the Russian State Archive of Ancient Acts, as well as written sources already introduced into the scientific circulation and published. The latter include descriptions of foreign and Russian travelers, chronicles, legislative and act material, business and production documents, etc. This problem was practically not subjected to special systemic study in the selected chronological framework. The author concludes that even in the second half of the XVI and early XVII century in the coastal zone of the river, there has been little or no permanent development of fishing and farming populations. The State has only just begun to regulate the allocation of fishing grounds and the regulation of their exploitation. The conclusions obtained during the course of the work provide an initial evolution of the fishing development of this vast region
Ideology of rap music and its linguistic representation in the lyrics of English song discourse
Authors: Plotnitskiy Yu. E.
Published: April 2024

The article gives characteristics of rap as a music style and considers the process of its birth and formation of its ideology in late 1970-ies – early 1980-ies within the framework of a wider subcultural trend known as hip-hop. The main ideological principles of the early rap in the interpretation of one of its principal ideologists Africaa Bambaataa, as well as their linguistic representation in song lyrics are given. Further on, the article discusses such an important principle of rap ideology as its protest nature, which is also illustrated with fragments from song lyrics. Special emphasis is laid on anti-commercial nature of rap, which is also reflected in its lyrics. After that the principle of reliance on one’s community, also extremely important for understanding the ideological foundation of this music style, is discussed and provided with examples. Then the article presents and illustrates the principle of freedom, which has a very broad understanding in rap ideology. Distinction between «conscious rap» and «gangster rap» is made and the ideological principles of «gangsta rap» are presented and illustrated with examples from song lyrics. The final part discusses the reasons for rap’s popularity and the conclusion summarise the main points of the article.
Discursive characteristics of negative manipulative communicative demonstrativeness
Authors: Tislenkova I. A.
Published: April 2024

The article is devoted to the concept definition of negative manipulative communicative demonstrativeness and the identification its implementation means in speech. In the course of the work, the interdisciplinary approach and the method of psycholinguistic analysis of the communicants’ speech output were used. The material for the analysis was the characters’ statements from Russian literature of the XIX century. It is established that the negative manipulative communicative demonstrativeness is a tonality of communication characterized by exaggerated negative self-presentation in the process of self-explanation, accentuation of the dominant destructive emotion, implemented to benefit from the recipient expressed by means of semiotic polymodality. The study shows that the negative manipulative communicative demonstrativeness performs attractive, expressive, influencing, entertaining, pragmatic and conative functions, implements communicative strategies of self-pity, outrage, foolishness, buffoonery, self-abasement and self-flagellation. Linguistic means of expressing this tonality are revealed: metaphorical litota, synecdoche with negative connotation, increasing negative gradation, intensifying particles-phraseological units of religious content, negative adjectives in a diminutive form, emotive interjections with the component «God», prayerful ritual utterances, rhetorical questions, antithesis (self-pity); paradox with negative connotative meaning, enhanced antithesis (shocking); negative hyperbolic tropes, reiteration, exclamation sentences (foolishness); hyperbolic comparison (buffoonery); negative epithets and prosodic units, including a quiet voice, speech with pressure, an elevated tone and frequent pausing (self-abasement); negative nouns, imperative sentences and cliched phrases with negative connotation (self-flagellation). The paralinguistic means of actualizing this tonality are indicated: phonational and kinetic demonstratives. The scientific novelty of the research is determined by the unexplored nature of the phenomenon under consideration.
Abbreviations in medical records: arguments for and against
Authors: Barbasheva S. S. , Rozhkova T. V.
Published: April 2024

There is often a need for fast and effective communication in modern medicine. Time is often critical when providing care to multiple patients. Medical abbreviations are a form of shorthand that allows healthcare professionals to communicate with one another easily. However, the time and expense of writing acronyms are reduced in case they are clear and familiar to every person involved in communication. Misunderstanding between members of the medical staff often lead to misinterpretations of acronyms and hazard to patients’ health and lives. The aim of this study is to identify and analyze such interrelated phenomena as positive and negative sides of using abbreviations as a way of terminology in medicine, arguments of each of the positions, in order to reduce negative consequences of using abbreviations in modern medical documentation. The material of the study is abbreviations used in modern medical practice. The method of continuous sampling of medical abbreviations from scientific literature and medical documentation was used. The results of the study showed that the most common errors associated with the use of medical abbreviations were the ones in prescribing, incorrect dose/quantity and incorrect preparation of medication. About 80 % of the abbreviations contained in the notes and statements that were handed out were unclear to patients and required clarification by health care providers. Medicine must be based on accurate and correct information, literacy of professional actions, and a sense of the highest responsibility. In this regard, it is necessary to use only standard abbreviations and introduce a ban on the use of abbreviations with ambiguous interpretation. Information in prescriptions, instructions, and statements should be clear and unambiguous, in order to avoid awkward and mundane situations affecting the quality of patients’ perception of the information. All of these factors can contribute to the improvement of the quality of medical care and the patient’s quality of life accordingly.
Review on the materials of a comprehensive study of pedagogical activity in the context of innovative changes
Authors: Agureeva A. V. , Anikeeva I. G. , Aryutkina (Baigusheva) A. N. , Bakanova I. G. , Berishvili O. N. , Vandysheva L. V. , Vaseltsova I. A. , Zarubina O. B. , Karnikova O. P. , Kozyreva M. P. , Kurylenko L. V. , Kurina V. A. , Merkulova L. P. , Nikulina I. V. , Ovsyannikova M. N. , Podnebesova M. I. , Podublybina O. I. , Pomelnikova E. A. , Rodina L. I. , Savelyev A. I. , Sanko A. M. , Sokolova Yu. A. , Solovova N. V. , Strekalova N. B. , Troitskaya Yu. V. , Shikhanova E. G. , Yudina O. V. , Povetyeva L. I. , E.Yu. Sysoeva (Motina) E. Yu. , Rudneva T. I.
Published: April 2024

A review of the materials of a comprehensive study of the factors of successful teaching activity during the period of reform and modernization of Russian education is presented. At a round table meeting dedicated to the twentieth anniversary of scientific heritage of the Department of Theory and Methods of Vocational Education, Samara National Research University (February 28, 2024), its results were discussed. Theoretical significance of the results for the development of pedagogical science is noted, the patterns of which serve as the basis for determining means of solving pressing problems for the development of modern education in Russia. The authors pay special attention to the practical significance of scientific materials containing evidence of the implementation of the developed didactic systems in educational institutions by participants in a comprehensive study.
Closure of the Tsaritsyn Gun Factory in the summer of 1918
Authors: Shumakov M. D.
Published: April 2024

In this article, using comparative historical and historical-genetic methods, a study of the history of the Tsaritsyn gun factory was undertaken at the turning point of its existence - the summer of 1918. To achieve this goal, the following tasks were put forward: to consider the circumstances of the decision to close the plant, to monitor its implementation, and also find out whether the plant was used in the future and whether it contributed to the defense of Tsaritsyn in the summer-autumn of 1918. The relevance of the topic lies in the fact that since key government figures of the first decades of Soviet power took part in the closure of the plant, and the plant as a whole was an important strategic object , to the extent that studying this issue is important for understanding the political processes of the Civil War. The main material was the plant documentation stored in the Volgograd regional archive; a number of materials from collections of documents were used, as well as personal sources, for example, the memoirs of A.G. Shlyapnikov. During the study, including on the basis of new archival materials, clarifying circumstances of the closure of the Tsaritsyn plant were established: the decision-making process was traced both in Moscow and in Tsaritsyn, the exact date of A.G. Shlyapnikov’s departure was established, due to which he was unable to take part in the process of closing the plant, a conflict was revealed during the closing of the plant between I.V. Stalin and P.V. Filippov, in which S.K. Minin became an intermediary. Finally, accurate data has been found that allows us to talk about the contribution of enterprises established on the basis of the Tsaritsyn plant to the defense of the city in 1918.
History and features of formation of the system of civic-patriotic education in Trans-Dniester in condition of an unrecognized state
Authors: Sprinchan A. A. , Tretyakov A. V.
Published: April 2024

Civic-patriotic consciousness and education is an integral element of any state claiming sovereignty and independence. With its help, the self-awareness of the population is formed, trust in the authorities and the state, and the legitimacy of power is ensured. The imperatives of the concept of civil-patriotic education in states with a “deficit” of international recognition, history of statehood, and financial resources actualize the mobilization nature of civil-patriotic ideology and its differentiation into the mother state and the patron state. This ideological position is relevant for Abkhazia, South Ossetia, Nagorno-Karabakh and Trans-Dniester, where the patron state (represented by Russia) is the support of the unrecognized state in ideological opposition to the mother state. In the article the history of formation and development of the system of civic-patriotic education in Trans-Dniester is viewed. It is closely connected with the history of the development of state, the construction of national security system and emerging threats to the statehood of the self-determined republic. The research was carried out using methods of historical, historical-political analysis, essential-substantive, chronological and system-structural methods. Analysis of civic-patriotic education in Trans-Dniester showed that it is a complex system of legal, institutional and functional elements that are closely included in the national security system of the Trans-Dniester Moldavian Republic.
Between the king and the emperor: the epistles of the popes to the bishops of Arles during the Three Chapters Controversy
Authors: Vladimirov K. A.
Published: April 2024

The discussion surrounding the posthumous condemnation of Theodore of Mopsuestia, Theodoret of Cyrus and Iva of Edessa occupies an important place in the church history of the VI century. The attempt at reconciliation with the Monophysites, undertaken by Justinian, not only failed to achieve its original goal, but also led to a new schism. To support his initiative, the emperor turned to the Roman bishops, which put them in a difficult situation: on the one hand, Justinian demanded from the popes support for the condemnation of the Three Chapters, on the other – the churches of the western provinces reacted to this initiative with condemnation and distrust, seeing in it the undermining of the authority of the Roman Church and the entire institution of ecumenical councils. One of the episcopal sees closely associated with Rome was Arles (Arelate), an important ecclesiastical center of Gaul. An analysis of the papal epistles to the bishops of Arles, as well as to the Frankish kings, allows us to conclude that the Gallic clergy were rather poorly aware of the essence of the contradictions that developed around the condemnation of the Three Chapters: the popes repeatedly sent messages confirming their adherence to the canons, but without touching on the very essence of the differences. Such a streamlined position also testifies to the difficult position of the Roman see, which was forced to take into account the position of both Justinian and the Western churches. To convey their point of view to the Gallic clergy, the popes used the bishops of Arles, who had serious regional influence, which Vigilius and Pelagius further strengthened by granting them the status of papal vicars. The appointment and activities of the vicar were actively discussed with the secular authorities – the Byzantine ruling couple, as well as the Frankish kings – which also indicates the weakness of the papal positions during this period
Forming professional reliability of railway power supply specialists
Authors: Belov D. O.
Published: April 2024

The high level of technological, technical, logistics, organizational and economic changes occurring in the railway industry determines the trajectory of development of professional training of specialists. The priority of safety issues in the context of the complex influence of occupational risks actualizes the scientific understanding of the problem associated with the substantiation of effective characteristics that allow one to withstand the cumulative influence of occupational risks, effectively develop in the professional community, maintaining a stable equilibrium state of the “man – technology – production environment” system. Analysis of research and methodological literature, experience of professional applied physical training at railway universities of the Russian Federation made it possible to identify areas of research aimed at bringing the indicators of psychophysical fitness of specialists into line with the conditions for the implementation of their professional activities. In the structure of professional competence of railway transport specialists, researchers highlight readiness for professional activity. At the same time, in today’s rapidly changing conditions of the professional world, it is necessary to form not only the current (basic) professionally significant qualities of a future specialist, but also to create conditions for the development of potential professional abilities, which will allow effectively confronting risk situations and ensuring the formation of self-regulation mechanisms. The quality that ensures the mobilization and activation of available funds, reserves, sources to achieve set goals, solve problems, and unlock opportunities in a certain area is reliability. In the article it is shown that convergence of play with learning determines the developmental effect of the game method. The complex nature of the gaming method allows to form indicators in the structure of professional reliability of railway power supply specialists.
Factors affecting the volatility of bitcoin prices
Authors: Wu Renhong , Hossain Md Alamgir , Zhang Haixue
Published: April 2024

To explore the impact of factors from the traditional financial market, such as economic policy uncertainty, oil prices, the NASDAQ index, and gold prices, to identify factors contributing to Bitcoin volatility. This study uses traditional OLS (ordinary least squares) regression analysis to examine how different external factors affect Bitcoin price volatility from January 2014 to March 2023. By employing a comprehensive approach to recognize the distinctive characteristics of the Bitcoin market, namely, 24-hour trading and the short duration of its existence, we’ve included a wide spectrum of data to ensure a cohesive comparison with other financial datasets. The findings of the statistical analysis indicate that EPU and the NASDAQ index promote positive fluctuations in Bitcoin volatility, whereas gold prices act as a dampener. Conversely, we do not find empirical support for the influence of energy prices, such as oil, on Bitcoin volatility. These findings indicate that we should not undervalue Bitcoin in any financial transaction scenario. It means that all stakeholders should treat the issue of Bitcoin volatility more seriously, even including governments, who should actively regulate the Bitcoin market, and investors, who should recognize the dangers of this volatility, make rational decisions based on individual circumstances, and employ flexible trading strategies.
Online Quantitative Literacy-Based Biology Learning towards Students' Self-Efficacy
Authors: Wafda Jamil Muhamad , Nuraeni Eni , Rahmat Adi
Published: April 2024

Quantitative literacy is an important skill for biology students. During COVID-19, students had to adapt to several changes, including shifting from offline to online classes. However, not all biology content can be taught easily, especially online. Therefore, students need self-efficacy abilities. Self-efficacy was important for students to be able to make a plan for their learning. This research aimed to describe students’ self-efficacy to continue their online biology learning during COVID-19, based on their quantitative literacy skills. This study used 20-item questionnaires with four choices of statements. The biology topic chosen was plant anatomy. This research measured the score of 82 first-year college students’ self-efficacy from three aspects - magnitude, strength, and generality. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics to measure the mean, the highest, and the lowest students’ self-efficacy scores. The result showed that the average score of students’ self-efficacy was 2.72, which means students’ self-efficacy was in the moderate category. All three aspects were also in the moderate category, with the strength aspect score being the highest at 2.76 and the magnitude aspect score being the lowest at 2.66. Based on the number of participants’ level of self-efficacy, 3% of students were in the high category, 96% were in the moderate category, and 1% were in the low category. The result showed that most of the students in this research have a moderate level of self-efficacy in online biology learning, based on quantitative literacy. This means that most of the students still must develop their self-efficacy skills to learn online quantitative lessons in biology successfully. The results also suggested that it is essential to teach students how to manage their learning behavior through the development of self-efficacy to succeed in online quantitative lessons in biology learning in the future.
Keywords: literacy, online class, self-efficacy
Mathematical Communication Skills of Junior High School Students in Solving Straight Line Equation Problems Based on Learning Interest
Authors: Abdul Ghany Willy , Cahya M Endang , Juandi Dadang
Published: April 2024

One of the skills that students should possess to compete in the 21st century is communication skills, including mathematical communication skills. In short, mathematical communication skill is an ability of students to convey their mathematical ideas. However, the facts show that the mathematical communication skills of junior high school students are still relatively low. This problem is closely related to learning interests. This study aims to analyze and describe the mathematical communication skills of junior high school students in solving straight-line equation problems based on learning interest. This study used a qualitative research method with a case study design. The research subjects were 33 grade VIII students from one of the junior high schools in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia. Data were collected using triangulation techniques from data on mathematical communication skills tests about straight line equations, learning interest questionnaires, and interviews. The research findings revealed that students with good and very good learning interests, mostly at level 3 mathematical communication skills (in general they can communicate ideas effectively but there are some small errors), students in the good enough learning interest category are at level 2 mathematical communication skills (can communicate some ideas with slightly ambiguous explanations), and students in poor learning interest are at level 3 mathematical communication skills (in general they can communicate ideas effectively but there are some minor errors).
Keywords: mathematical communication,students, straight line equations, learning interest
Learning Obstacles of Junior High School Students in Computational Thinking on Number Pattern Lessons
Authors: Fitriani Rosali Dwi , Suryadi Didi , Suhendra Suhendra
Published: April 2024

This qualitative research employed a phenomenological approach with the aim of describing students’ learning obstacles in computational thinking related to the lesson on number patterns. This study took place at one of the MTsN schools in Makassar, involving 74 students of grade 8th , out of which 12 students were selected for interviews. The research employed tests, questionnaires, and interview guidelines as research instruments. The results revealed that students faced various learning obstacles, including (a) ontogenical obstacles such as instrumental ontogenical obstacle, psychological ontogenical obstacle, and conceptual ontogenical obstacle; (b) epistemological obstacles, encompassing difficulties in pattern recognition, abstraction, and generalization due to limitations in students’ contextual abilities to solve problems related to number patterns; and (c) didactical obstacles, including limitations in the teaching of number pattern lesson. The learning process fails to involve students in the process of abstraction and , resulting in incomplete material presentation. Moreover, it lacks emphasis on students’ thinking process during abstraction and generalization process, and places less emphasis on problem decomposition and algoritmic thinking.
Keywords: computational thinking, junior high school, learning obstacles, number pattern lessons
Computational Thinking with a Multi-literacy Model Using Interactive PowerPoint Media: An Experiment in Elementary Schools
Authors: Abidin Zaenal , Herman Tatang , Wahyudin Wahyudin , Turmudi Turmudi , Farokhah Laely , Febriandi Riduan , Miftachul Huda Mochammad
Published: April 2024

Elementary school students need to acquire computational thinking as a crucial skill in the digital age. Similar to mathematical skills, computational thinking is a fundamental competence in digital literacy. It is used to solve problems in learning. One approach is to facilitate children’s learning by emphasizing computational thinking, such as using the multi-literacy model with interactive PowerPoint slides. This study aimed to assess and characterize the influence of multi-literacy models aided by interactive PowerPoint media on the development of computational thinking skills in elementary school students, considering their prior knowledge. Involving a total sample of 56 4th-grade elementary school students, this quantitative study employed a 3 x 2 factorial design. The sample included 14 students in the high group, 28 in the medium group, and 14 in the high group. The research revealed that the implementation of a multi-literacy learning approach, assisted by interactive PowerPoint media, significantly enhances student’s acquisition and improvement of computational thinking skills. This is because children can develop computational thinking skills in an enjoyable environment using PowerPoint media. Another study revealed that students in the high group performed much better on average when it came to learning computational thinking skills. Meanwhile, the average gain of computational thinking skills in the medium group was only slightly different from that of the low group.
Keywords: computational thinking, multi-literacy model, interactive PowerPoint media
Learning Style Inventory (Kolb Models) and the Achievement of Learning Outcomes Geometry
Authors: Anwar Anwar , Saiman Saiman , Zaki Muhammad
Published: April 2024

A person will be more effective in learning if he already understands his character in learning. There are various kinds of ways that a person has in learning, namely by hearing, reading, or seeing and learning by finding. The way to process this information is known as learning style. This paper aims to explain the tendency of Kolb’s learning style and the achievement of geometry learning outcomes in junior high school students. This is quantitative research with an ex-post facto design, with 120 subjects and data collection techniques using the Learning Style Inventory (LSI) questionnaire and geometry learning outcomes test. The results showed that students who learn through concrete experience were 17.3%, reflective observation 32.7%, abstract conceptual 22.5%, and active experiment 27.5%. Whereas in the learning style dimension which has a diverger type of 39.3%, assimilator 41.1%, converger 11%, and accommodator 8.6%. So students who have a diverger learning style are more appropriate if their learning uses the lecture and question and answer method, accommodators are more appropriate to use the problem-based method, while students having a converger learning style will have better learning outcomes using investment-based learning strategies.
Keywords: geometry, kolb models, learning outcomes, learning style inventory
The Effect of Mathematical Disposition on Students' Mathematical Performance
Authors: . Wahyudin , . Marzuki , Suryadi Didi , Cahya Endang , Shofia Maulida Aya
Published: April 2024

Mathematical disposition is a tendency to think and act in a positive way. Changes in learning activities due to Covid-19 have an impact on the learning environment. This study aims to obtain an overview between dispositions and mathematical performance in online learning, and the effect of disposition on the mathematical performance of high school students. This research is concerned with correlation and regression analysis that relates mathematical dispositions to mathematical performance on relation and function material. The research was conducted on 70 high school students from the city of Bandung. To analyze data related to correlation and regression, Pearson product-moment was used. The results of this study were as follows: 1) A significant positive correlation was observed between mathematical disposition scores (X), and mathematical performance scores (Y) with a correlation coefficient of r = 0.42, this means that r2 = 17.2%. The variation in students’ mathematical performance (Y) can be explained by the student’s mathematical disposition variable (X). 2) Based on the regression equation Y = 34.211 + 0.548X, this shows that because the X coefficient is 0.548 > 0 (positive) and significant, the mathematical disposition variable has a positive effect on mathematical performance in online learning.
Keywords: high school students, mathematical disposition, mathematical performance
Symbol Sense Ability of Students to Solve Linear, Quadratic, and Rational Equations
Authors: Kurnia Nurjannah Siti , Jupri Al
Published: April 2024

In learning algebra, one of the skills needed to be acquired by students is solving equations, such as linear equations in one variable and quadratic equations. This study aims to analyze the symbol sense ability of students by investigating strategies used to solve algebraic equations that consist of linear, quadratic, and rational equations. A qualitative descriptive method was conducted. The instrument included a test with one linear equation, one quadratic equation, and three rational equations (involving linear or quadratic factors). The test was administered to 12 students from 12th-grade high school in Bandung. Each student was asked to solve it in two different ways of answers if possible. The results showed that students were able to use symbol sense strategies for solving problems. However, there were still mistakes in solving algebraic squared value concepts, affecting their final results of the answers. We conclude that even if students can use their symbol sense abilities properly, they need to pay attention to their mathematics concepts.
Keywords: Symbol Sense Ability, Solve Linear, Quadratic, Rational Equations
Developing Phenomenological Sensitivity in Didactical Mathematics Through the Habit of Deep Observation in the Era of Industry 4.0
Authors: . Turmudi , Nunun Nachipah
Published: April 2024

A teacher needs to have the sensitivity in seeing didactic phenomena. The sensitivity can function as a vehicle or context for mathematics learning. The Konigsberg Bridge, for example, can be described without looking at the picture since it became a part of the community story. Later on, the description of the Konigsberg Bridge can be used as a context in mathematics learning, especially those related to Graph Theory. This paper discusses the phenomena such as the Konigsberg Bridge, to make mathematics teachers understand the didactic phenomena easily. By having the sensitivity of the mathematically valuable phenomena for the mathematics teachers, they can contribute more positively to mathematics education.
Keywords: phenomenological sensitivity, didactical matchematics, habit of deep observation