bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparing Mixed-Integer Programming and Constraint Programming Models for the Hybrid Flow Shop Scheduling Problem with Dedicated Machines
Authors: Bedhief Asma Ouled
Published: September 2021

The paper considers a two-stage hybrid flow shop scheduling problem with dedicated machines and release dates. Each job must be first processed on the single machine of stage 1, and then, the job is processed on one of the two dedicated machines of stage 2, depending on its type. Moreover, the jobs are available for processing at their respective release dates. Our goal is to obtain a schedule that minimizes the makespan. This problem is strongly NP-hard. In this paper, two mathematical models are developed for the problem: a mixed-integer programming model and a constraint programming model. The performance of these two models is compared on different problem configurations. And the results show that the constraint programming outperforms the mixed-integer programming in finding optimal solutions for large problem sizes (450 jobs) with very reasonable computing times.
Implementation and Comparative Analysis of Time Equivalent Space Vector PWM Method for 3 Phase to 3 Phase Matrix Converter
Authors: Kumar Akhilesh , Sadhu Pradip K. , Singh Jay
Published: September 2021

Nowadays, the matrix converter (MC) has become the prominent power converter. Its unique qualities like single-stage ac to ac conversion, bidirectional power flow, sinusoidal response, unity power factor, and no need for dc-link makes it superior among all power converters. This archival literature investigates the various pulse width modulation (PWM) methods and proposed a novel pulse width modulation (PWM) method named Time Equivalent space vector pulse width modulation. In this article this novel modulation method is compared with exiting carrier-based pulse width control and space vector control methods for a 3 phase to 3 phase matrix converters. Simulation model is built in Matlab and comparative analysis based on total harmonic distortion (THD) will be given for different methods. Simulation results revealed that total harmonic distortion (THD) of Time Equivalent space vector PWM is least so this novel method is best and more efficient in comparison to others.
АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОГО УПРАВЛЕНИЯ В ОБЛАСТИ ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЯ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ ДОРОЖНОГО ДВИЖЕНИЯ
Authors: Редкоус Владимир Михайлович
Published: September 2021

В статье рассмотрен ряд актуальных вопросов государственного управления в области обеспечения безопасности дорожного движения
К ВОПРОСУ О КОДИФИКАЦИИ ЗАКОНОДАТЕЛЬСТВ В ГОСУДАРСТВАХ – УЧАСТНИКАХ ЕВРАЗИЙСКОГО ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОГО СОЮЗА
Authors: РЕДКОУС ВЛАДИМИР МИХАЙЛОВИЧ
Published: September 2021

Совершенствование системы российского государственного управления невозможно без эффективно действующей системы административноправового и административно-процессуального законодательства, развитию которого в последнее время придается первоочередное значение. Это следует и из анализа содержания Послания Президента РФ В.В. Путина к Федеральному Собранию РФ о положении в стране, об основных направлениях внутренней и внешней политики государства (21 апреля 2021 г.). В статье проанализирован опыт государств Евразийского экономического союза по кодификации нормативных правовых актов в наиболее важных областях государственной деятельности, сделан вывод о важности кодификации законодательства в плане обеспечения эффективного развития современного государственного управления.
Most Canadian Universities and Colleges Outside of Quebec Rely on Fair Dealing Rather than Access Copyright
Authors: Rouleau Thomas
Published: September 2021

A Review of:
Henderson, S., McGreal, R., & Vladimirschi, V. (2018). Access Copyright and fair dealing guidelines in higher educational institutions in Canada: A survey. Partnership: The Canadian Journal of Library and Information Practice and Research, 13(2), 1-37. https://doi.org/10.21083/partnership.v13i2.4147
Abstract
Objective – To investigate the interpretations of fair dealing applied across Canadian post-secondary educational institutions outside of Quebec and to determine whether such institutions have a licence with Access Copyright.
Design – Descriptive/quantitative study.
Setting – Canadian post-secondary education sector, excluding Quebec.
Subjects – A total of 159 Canadian post-secondary institutions outside of Quebec, including 75 universities and 84 colleges.
Methods – A list of Canadian post-secondary educational institutions outside of Quebec was compiled. Data from participants relating to the research objective—reliance on an Access Copyright licence or use and interpretation of fair dealing—was collected via internet searches or, if unavailable online, via direct telephone communication with participants.
Main Results – A majority of Canadian post-secondary educational institutions outside of Quebec, approximately 78% (124 institutions), did not have a licence with Access Copyright. The smaller the institution, the likelier it was to have an Access Copyright licence. This was in part linked to the fact that smaller institutions typically do not have staff specializing in copyright; savings from terminating Access Copyright licences (charged on a per student basis) would not justify the creation of such positions. Regarding fair dealing, 18% of study participants based their approach on the Supreme Court of Canada’s six-factor test (29 institutions), while 53% applied the fair dealing guidelines created by Universities Canada (85 institutions).
Conclusion – Most of the institutions studied did not have Access Copyright licences and were relying on fair dealing instead, suggesting a bellwether for the copyright climate in the Canadian higher education sector towards fair dealing. Institutions may benefit from a future national consensus regarding interpretations of fair dealing concepts.
CRYOPRESERVATION OF ALPACA SPERMATOZOA OBTAINED VIA POST COPULA IN A TRIS EXTENDER WITH EGG YOLK FROM THREE AVIAN SPECIES.
Authors:   IVITA-MaranganiFacultad de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Perú., Garcia Wilber , Maxi Edwar , Macedo Veronica , Ampuero Enrique , Malaga Julio
Published: September 2021

The objective of this study was to evaluate the cryopreservation of alpaca spermatozoa obtained via post copula in a Tris extender with egg yolk from three avian species. Forty samples of eight alpacas were collected by the post-copula method. After the collection, we proceeded to evaluate sperm volume, color, motility and concentration. The 25 samples with volume 1 ml and total motility 60% were mixed to form pool (5 samples/pool), divided into three aliquots and diluted in Tris-base with 20% egg yolk from three avian species (hen, quail, paw). These diluted samples were refrigerated for 1,5 h at 5 °C. Once this temperature was reached, the 5% glycerol basic dilutor was added, balanced for 20 min, packed in 0,5 mL straws and frozen in liquid nitrogen vapours for 20 min. The thawed samples were evaluated at different incubation times at 37 °C: 0; 1,5 and 3 h. All parameters of fresh and thawed sperm quality were analyzed using the GLM procedure (ANOVA). The samples collected (fresh) showed a motility of 69,1%, viability of 82,8%, membrane functionality of 77,9% and acrosomal integrity of 85,8%. After the cooling process, no differences were observed between the different egg yolk when comparing the sperm characteristics evaluated (p>0,05). At thawing, motility and acrosomal integrity were superior (p<0,05) when hen and quail were used compared to paw egg yolk. At 1,5 and 3 h of incubation, motility and acrosomal integrity were superior (p<0,05) in the samples with hen and quail with respect to paw. In conclusion, the use of hen and quail provided better cryoprotective action than paw egg yolk in cryopreserved alpaca sperm and incubated at 37°C for 3 h
COMPARISON OF CHARACTERIZATION OF FIGHTING ROOSTER (Gallus gallus) SEMEN EJACULATES RECOVERED BY ELECTROEJACULATION AND DORSAL MASSAGE TECHNIQUES
Authors:   Unidad Académica de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Carrera de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Católica de Cuenca, Cuenca, Ecuador, Moscoso Piedra Andres , Muñoz Marco , Argudo Garzon Daniel , Samaniego Jorge , Maldonado Manuel , Cabrera Bolivar , Alvarado Juan , Galarza Diego
Published: September 2021

Implementing alternatives methods to dorsal massage (e.g., electroejaculation) for recovering semen from fighting rooster, known to be very stressful due to its aggressiveness, has become a priority for breeders of this cock breed in Ecuador. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to evaluate two semen collection techniques in fighting roosters, one by electroejaculation (EE) and another by dorsal massage (DM) on seminal quality parameters. For this purpose, thirty attempts of semen recovery from six adult Spanish fighting roosters were carried out using DM (n = 12) and EE (n = 18). Electroejaculation was performed previous sedation, applying five stimulation cycles (of 2 s) generated from a handmade electroejaculation probe (9 to 12 V). The results showed that the EE produced lower response (P < 0.01) to semen ejaculation than the DM (44.4 % vs. 100.0 %, respectively). However, semen samples obtained by EE had better (P < 0.05) spermatic kinetic with greater values of straight-line velocity (VSL, µm/s), average path velocity (VAP, µm/s), and beat-cross frequency (BCF, Hz) as well as higher percentages (P < 0.01) of wobble and linearity compared to DM, irrespective of sperm viability. In addition, the number of urates present in the ejaculates obtained by EE was lower (P < 0.05) than those obtained by DM. In conclusion, electrical stimulation with prior sedation produced a low semen ejaculation response in fighting cocks. However, EE yielded semen ejaculates with better spermatic kinetic compared with the conventional dorsal massage technique.
EVALUATION OF TWO CULTURE MEDIA IN IN VITRO PRODUCTION OF ALPACA (Vicugna pacos) EMBRYOS
Authors:   Laboratorio de Biotecnología Reproductiva. Estación Experimental Agraria Canaán. Instituto Nacional de Innovación Agraria, Ayacucho, Perú, Laines-Arce Irving , Contreras Mijail , Olaguivel Cesar
Published: September 2021

The present study aims to evaluate the effect of two culture media on the production of in vitro embryos in alpacas (Vicugna pacos). The ovaries were transported at 10.52° C in 0.9% saline solution supplemented with gentamicin. The ovaries were transported at 10.52° C in 0.9% physiological saline solution supplemented with gentamicin. 492 ovaries were used throughout the experiment. 2142 oocytes of quality I, II and III were recovered. The oocytes were matured in vitro for 32 h and were subsequently fertilized (incubated for 18 h) with sperm obtained from the tail of the epididymis and selected with a 45/90 percoll gradient. Then, the presumed zygotes were denuded from the cumulus cells, to later be cultured in two culture media: synthetic oviductal fluid medium (SOFaa) and simple optimized potassium medium (KSOMaa) and incubated at 38.5 ° C, 5 % CO2, 5%, O2, and 90% relative humidity for 7 days. Morula and blastocyst rate evaluation was performed at the end of embryo culture. The morula rate at 7 days was 41.49 ± 10.52 and 41.51 ± 6.50% for KSOMaa and SOFaa, respectively (P <0.05). The blastocyst rate for the two culture media KSOMaa and SOFaa, was 14.08 ± 5.17 and 11.73 ± 5.69 %, respectively, and there were no statistical differences (P˃0.05). The embryonic quality in KSOMaa and SOFaa media did not show statistical differences. In conclusion, the KSOMaa and SOFaa culture medium can be used in the production of in vitro embryos of alpacas
¿Cumplimiento o recompensa? He ahí el dilema
Authors: Ayvar Ayvar Ricardo , Hernández Humire Mirella
Published: September 2021

El Indecopi, a través de la Comisión de Defensa de la Libre Competencia, ejerce diversas acciones para que los agentes económicos cumplan con lo establecido en el Texto Único Ordenado de la Ley de Represión de Conductas Anticompetitivas. Entre sus funciones más relevantes de los últimos años destaca la detección de una de las conductas anticompetitivas más dañinas para el mercado: los cárteles. Mediante este tipo de prácticas los competidores acuerdan fijar precios, limitar la producción, repartirse clientes, proveedores o zonas geográficas; y, establecer posturas o abstenciones en una determinada licitación o concurso público.En el presente artículo, los autores presentan la coexistencia de los programas de cumplimiento y el programa de recompensas como herramientas de detección de conductas anticompetitivas, analizando los criterios a tomar en cuenta por las personas naturales al momento de optar por uno de ellos. En ese sentido, se plantean algunas propuestas para mejorar la implementación de ambos programas desde la disyuntiva antes señalada.
El rol del diseño institucional en la aplicación de responsive regulation frente al abuso de posición dominante
Authors: Mufdi Guerra Nader
Published: September 2021

El enforcement de las prohibiciones de abuso de posición dominante juega un rol crucial para el correcto funcionamiento de los mercados. Las estrategias de enforcement deben su éxito o fracaso a las posibilidades y límites de las instituciones a cargo de su implementación. Tales posibilidades y límites se definen la forma en que se estructuran y relacionan las distintas instituciones que intervienen en el enforcement, y los roles y atribuciones con que éstas fueron dotadas para cumplir con sus fines.En el presente texto, el autor sostiene que existen importantes diferencias entre los tres modelos institucionales tradicionales de enforcement del derecho de la competencia, las que afectarían la implementación de estrategias de Regulación Responsiva para lidiar con casos de abuso de posición dominante. En ese sentido, analiza los regímenes de enforcement de las jurisdicciones de México, Nueva Zelanda y Chile, ejemplos de tales modelos. También evalúa si tales diferencias presentan un correlato en la dimensión práctica del enforcement y el desempeño de cada uno de esos regímenes de enforcement durante el periodo 2013-2017. Finalmente, explora las potenciales relaciones que podrían existir entre las diferencias en términos de discrecionalidad y de instancias para soluciones colaborativas.
Control de concentraciones e intercambio de información en el marco de operaciones de fusión y adquisición
Authors: Felices Saavedra Enrique , Lercari Bueno Alessia
Published: September 2021

La promulgación del Decreto de Urgencia 013-2019, el cual establece el control previo de operaciones de concentración empresarial, obliga a reexaminar la manera en la que se conduce el intercambio de la información en operaciones de fusión y adquisición de empresas. Este intercambio de información es necesario en este tipo de operaciones; sin embargo, no puede ser irrestricto, ya que ello perjudicaría la competencia. Frente a esta situación, el presente trabajo analiza las infracciones al nuevo régimen regulatorio que podrían configurarse en la esfera de estas operaciones, así como las posibles medidas a implementarse para mitigar los riesgos mencionados. Primero, los autores exploran cómo se desarrollan las conductas anticompetitivas de la colusión horizontal y el gun jumping, analizando normativa, y jurisprudencia nacional e internacional. Luego, explican las facultades del Indecopi para lidiar con estas prácticas. Por último, concluyen con algunas recomendaciones de medidas preventivas que pueden tomar los agentes económicos.
Escogiendo al mal menor: la racionalidad y límites de la excepción de empresa en crisis (faling firm defense)
Authors: Segovia Trocones Enzo Pierino
Published: September 2021

El 11 de mayo de 2020, en medio de la crisis sanitaria y económica provocada por el COVID-19, se emitió el Decreto Legislativo 1510, que realizó una serie de modificaciones a diversas normas en materia de libre y leal competencia. Una de las modificaciones dispuso que la Ley de control previo de operaciones de concentración empresarial agrega, como criterio a considerar para los procedimientos de evaluación de una operación de concentración, la grave situación de crisis de alguna de las empresas involucradas y la necesidad de realizar la ope-ración de concentración debidamente acreditada por las partes notificantes.En el presente artículo, el autor señala que el solo hecho de estar frente a una empresa con dificultades financieras no es suficiente para admitir la flexibilización en el control de las operaciones de concentración. Para demostrarlo, presenta una breve descripción de la failing firm defense desde una perspectiva histórica, sus precedentes jurisprudenciales más importantes en los Estados Unidos y la Unión Europea, y los requisitos actuales para acreditarla en dichas jurisdicciones y en paí-ses de Latinoamérica. Por último, presenta la racionalidad económica, industrial y social que subyace a esta excepción y la posibilidad de ser aplicada en la práctica peruana.
A polissemia do referente fotográfico
Authors:   Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Dobranszky Diana de Abreu
Published: September 2021

Uma possível “estética” fotográfica inevitavelmente teria que tratar da semelhança com o real; com isso, seria central a discussão do referente, visto que nesse meio expressivo ele nunca é imaginário. Ao longo de sua história, os fotógrafos trabalharam esse referente de inúmeras maneiras, extendendo a compreensão do meio como arte. A fotografia brasileira contemporânea nos dá exemplos extremos de abordagens desse referente.
O auto-retrato fotográfico: um estudo sobre a construção fisionômica como arbitrariedade em Artur Barrio
Authors:   Universidade de São Paulo, Araujo Virgínia Gil
Published: September 2021

O auto-retrato é uma manifestação artística que consiste em aprofundar a reflexão sobre si mesmo. Segundo o ponto de vista tradicional, realizar um auto-retrato é olhar-se refletido, tomar consciência de si como um todo unificado. No que se refere à concepção do auto-retrato existem duas escolas acadêmicas: uma que considera qualquer obra que inclui o artista e, outra, só aquelas obras expressamente concebidas como auto-retratos, o personagem em primeiro plano e o rosto como o centro da atenção. Desde o Modernismo, o retrato e o autoretrato passarão por importantes metamorfoses. No Cubismo a figura se transforma em objeto e se funde com os demais elementos da composição; no Futurismo, na Bauhaus e no Construtivismo o retrato torna-se seqüencial. Para Mogholy-Nagy e Rodchenko, o retrato jamais poderia ser uma imagem única, para mostrar a multiplicidade do ser, deveria ser seqüencial. Já no Surrealismo, o retrato se elabora mediante recursos retóricos e simbólicos. Nas Vanguardas a subjetividade na execução é uma das características marcantes do retrato, os personagens representados existem segundo sua relação com a experiência do criador como criatura. Para Barbara Rose: “o auto-retrato está dentre a primeira crucial manifestação do pensamento moderno(...) como tema modernista sua causa pode marcar o início da redefinição do nosso conceito de modernismo”.
Anita Malfatti e a crítica de arte do início do século XX
Authors:   Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Cardoso Renata Gomes
Published: September 2021

Ninguém ainda soube criticar um trabalho de inspiração individual; pois não havendo precedentes só poderiam limitar-se a um insulto. Assim vai finalizando Anita Malfatti um pequeno artigo na Revista Anual do Salão de Maio, já em 1939, onde sintetiza os acontecimentos de sua passagem pelos Estados Unidos, tendo estudado, entre outras experiências, com o artista Homer Boss, a partir de 1915. Apesar desse pequeno trecho ser provavelmente uma referência direta da artista ao artigo escrito por Monteiro Lobato diante de sua segunda exposição no Brasil2, de 1917/18, Anita Malfatti deixa transparecer nesse artigo uma questão fundamental, predominante no ambiente artístico brasileiro, sendo esta a questão do precedente, problemática que conduzirá nas suas entrelinhas a atuação da crítica de arte do início do século XX, tanto pelos elementos favoráveis a novas propostas artísticas, herdadas do ambiente europeu e que aos poucos apareciam em nosso cenário artístico, quanto por aqueles contrários a tais mudanças dos padrões estéticos.
O exórdio de uma cultura urbana no Brasil no final do século XIX e início do século XX: a leitura das imagens produzidas pelos fotógrafos italianos presentes naquela época no Brasil
Authors:   Università degli Studi di Firenze, Chiavari Maria Pace
Published: September 2021

A produção de fotógrafos franceses, alemães e ingleses que trabalharam no Brasil inspirou inúmeras publicações; faltam, porém, estudos sobre os italianos que se espalharam por todo o país e deixaram uma importante documentação de sua passagem. Os nomes aportuguesados e a escassez de documentação tornam ainda mais difícil a precisa identificação de sua origem. Nos defrontamos com um problema similar em uma pesquisa realizada anteriormente sobre viajantes e botânicos italianos no Brasil, ao longo dos séculos XVIII e XIX 1. Esta lacuna explica-se pelo fato de a Itália ter se tornado uma nação só em 1861, e ter sofrido um longo período de reestruturação interna que custou ao país o fenômeno das grandes emigrações do final do século XIX e início do século XX, cuja meta foi principalmente o continente americano, e para muitos, o Brasil. A recuperação da cultura produzida pelos italianos no exterior não foi até estas últimas décadas um objetivo prioritário do governo italiano.
The role of human papillomavirus deoxyribonucleic acid for distinguishing between cervical adenocarcinoma and endometrial adenocarcinoma
Authors: Harjanto Budi , Suhatno Suhatno
Published: September 2021

HIGHLIGHTS1. Determining primary tumor between uterine cervical adenocarcinoma and endometrial carcinoma is often complicated due to the lack of specimen or overlapped histological and morphological spectrum.2. The distinction between endometrial and endocervical adenocarcinoma preoperatively is important because the treatment is different.3. The samples from each group are tested for HPV DNA using PCR method.4. High risk HPV infected patients have a higher probability to become uterine cervical adenocarcinoma.5. HPV DNA test has a role for distinguishing between uterine cervical adenocarcinoma and endometrial carcinoma. ABSTRACTObjectives: To analyze the role of HPV DNA for distinguishing between uterine cervical adenocarcinoma and endometrial adenocarcinoma.Materials and Methods: This was a case control study using paraffin block samples from uterine cervix adenocarcinoma and endometrial adenocarcinoma operation at Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia. Each group was tested for HPV DNA using PCR method. Sample size was 18 in each group.Results: A total of 36 samples fulfilled the inclusion criteria in this study. Each group comprised 18 samples. There were 83.3% of uterine cervical adenocarcinoma and 11.1% of endometrial adenocarcinoma that revealed high risk HPV. Chi-Square test result found significant correlation between high risk HPV and uterine cervical adenocarcinoma (p<0.05) with Odds Ratio (OR) 40.00 (CI 95%).Conclusion: There was a significant correlation between high risk HPV and uterine cervix adenocarcinoma. High-risk HPV infected patients had a risk to suffer from uterine cervical adenocarcinoma compared to those with endometrial adenocarcinoma. HPV DNA test had a role for distinguishing between uterine cervical adenocarcinoma and endometrial adenocarcinoma.
Examination and counseling of gynecological cases during Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic
Authors: Winata I Gde Sastra , Amanda Clara
Published: September 2021

HIGHLIGHTS1. Clinical gynecology examinations must adapt to pandemic situation.2. It must pay attention to universal precautions, aseptic and sterile technique to minimize infection transmission.3. In terms of reducing contact, the need for examination are divided by priority into "now", "soon", or "later".4. Gynecology examinations can be carried out with direct examinations by medical personnel wearing proper personal protective equipment if needed.5. Patient counseling can be done by remote consultation or telemedicine. ABSTRACTCOVID-19 is a recent pandemic caused by the SARS COV-2 agent with a high incidence and mortality. The disease is transmitted through respiratory droplets and direct contact. Clinically this COVID-19 patient is mainly related to the respiratory tract symptoms. The current clinical classifications are divided into suspected, probable, and confirmed cases. To reduce transmission must pay attention to universal and hierarchical precaution, aseptic standards, and sterile techniques. The types of gynecological examinations during a pandemic are the same as those in general, except that the methods, settings, and priorities are different. The examination begins with screening to assess the risk of transmission so that it can determine the place of examination. The urgency of the examination, history of TOCC, local transmission, provider, and room conditions also need to be considered. Counseling during a pandemic can be done in person or by telemedicine. Counseling is provided for general and case-specific gynecological information. Each gynecological case requires a different focus on counseling.
How Biological Concepts and Evolutionary Theories Are Inspiring Advances in Machine Intelligence
Authors: Gutai Abigail R. , Gorochowski Thomas E.
Published: September 2021

Since its advent in the mid-twentieth century, the field of artificial intelligence (AI) has been heavily influenced by biology. From the structure of the brain to evolution by natural selection, core biological concepts underpin many of the fundamental breakthroughs in modern AI. Here, focusing specifically on artificial neural networks (ANNs) that have become commonplace in machine learning, we show the numerous connections between theories based on coevolution, multi-level selection, modularity and competition and related developments in ANNs. Our aim is to illuminate the valuable but often overlooked inspiration biologists have provided AI research and to spark future contributions at this intersection of biology and computer science. Although recent advances in AI have been swift, many significant challenges remain requiring innovative solutions. Thankfully, biology in all its forms still has a lot to teach us, especially when trying to create truly intelligent machines.
Pearson’s Correlation and Trend Analysis for Physico-Chemical Parameters of Mansagar Lake, Jaipur
Authors: Singh Yuvraj , Jain Manish Kumar
Published: September 2021

The article reviews the constituent’s physico-chemical parameters in the water of the Mansagar Lake of the Jaipur City. The water quality is also investigated using evaluated physico-chemical parameters with in-depth study of their distribution as per sample location-wise and season-wise. A detailed discussion on the associationship among parameters (pH, Conductivity, turbidity, dissolved Oxygen, chemical and Biochemical Oxygen demand, etc.) using the Pearson’s analytical method is also presented. The strength of the article is the graphical presentation of evaluated physico-chemical parameters and the water quality indices for sample station-wise and the season-wise. To our best of understanding, first time such details have been clubbed together and discussion in brief for studied lake.
Relationships at school: social representations of supervisors and teachers
Authors: Oliveira Luysienne Silva de , Bonfim Maria Núbia  Barbosa
Published: September 2021

This study discusses the relations of belonging at school between supervisors and teachers, aiming to analyze in which relational group these authors belong more strongly. The Theory of Social Representations guided the research, in view of its construction processes, anchoring and objectification, to be closely linked to belonging, making the strange, familiar. Data collection was carried out through semi-structured and in-depth interviews distributed by: Classification by Elements of Meaning, Lexical Content Analysis and Thematic Analysis. The results point out, among other factors, that the construction of representations by social groups makes the stranger known to the subjects, pointing to belonging to the group of people or to the place, in addition, belonging is in the self and the other's recognition as part of the same group, not only based on affection, but on partnership, sharing and exchange of professional knowledge.
The evaluation of the contents of pre-school books for 4 - 6 years according to the visual design items
Authors: Demir Burak , Ayhan Seçil Besim , Yücesoy Yücehan , Kan Şebnem Güldal , Öznacar Behçet
Published: September 2021

Pre-school books are one of the indispensable materials of education life, even though technology has been developed, preschool books are still among the fundamental building blocks of education and it can be said that it will continue in the future. Preschool teachers' evaluation of 4-6 year old preschool books for Visual Design principles was aimed by pre-school teacher candidates. In the study, "Graphic / Visual Design Principles Scale for Textbooks" Alpan (2004), which is a visual design scale, was used. The scoring of the scale was calculated as 2 points for the "Yes" option, 1 point for the "Partial" option and 0 points for the "No" option. The data obtained as a result of the research were evaluated by scoring between 1-10. According to the results obtained from the results of the evaluation of the prospective teachers, it has been concluded that the books have different averages according to the scale dimensions, but are quite suitable in terms of general lines.
Review: Sintesis Carbon Nanotubes (CNT) dari Bahan Terbarukan untuk Komposit Carbon Nanotube-Polyaniline
Authors: Jan'ah Ayu Miftachul , Saraswati Teguh Endah
Published: September 2021

Artikel ini berisi tentang sintesis carbon nanotubes (CNT) dari material tanaman sebagai upaya untuk mengurangi penggunaan bahan kimia dan pemanfaatan bahan terbarukan. CNT telah berhasil disintesis dari prekursor tanaman seperti cangkang sawit, minyak sawit, bambu, kayu karet, jerami padi, batok kelapa, serat kelapa dan minyak kelapa. Sifat unik dari CNT menyebabkan penelitiannya terus dilakukan dan banyak diterapkan dalam berbagai aplikasi salah satunya material komposit. CNT yang telah disintesis dapat dikompositkan dengan polyaniline (PANI) untuk memperoleh konduktivitas, sifat optik, dan kekuatan mekanik yang lebih unggul. 

Review: Synthesis of Carbon Nanotubes (CNT) from Renewable Materials for Carbon Nanotube-Polyaniline Composites. This article contains the synthesis of carbon nanotubes (CNT) from plant materials in an effort to reduce the use of chemicals and the use of renewable materials. CNT has been successfully synthesized from plant precursors such as palm kernel shells, palm oil, bamboo, rubberwood, rice straw, coconut shells, coconut fiber, and coconut oil. The unique properties of CNT have led to continuous research and many applications in various applications, one of which is composite materials. The synthesized CNTs can be composite with polyaniline (PANI) to obtain superior conductivity, optical properties, and mechanical strength.
Pembuatan Kompos Sampah Dapur dan Taman dengan Bantuan Aktivator EM4
Authors: Hastuti Sri , Martini Tri , Purnawan Candra , Masykur Abu , Wibowo Atmanto Heru
Published: September 2021

Pembuatan kompos dari sampah dapur dan taman dengan bantuan effective microorganism (EM4) dan microorganism local (MOL) telah dilakukan. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah memanfaatkan sampah yang ada di sekitar untuk dijadikan barang yang lebih berguna.  EM4 merupakan kultur campuran dari mikroorganisme yang menguntungkan yang mengandung mikroorganisme fermentasi dan sintetik yang terdiri dari bakteri Asam Laktat (Lactobacillus Sp), bakteri Fotosentetik (Rhodopseudomonas Sp), Actinomycetes Sp, Streptomyces Sp dan Yeast (ragi) dan Jamur pengurai selulose. Bahan ini membantu fermentasi bahan organik tanah menjadi senyawa organik yang mudah diserap oleh akar tanaman.  Proses pembuatan kompos dilakukan dengan mencampurkan sampah dapur dan taman dengan penambahan EM4. Proses fermentasi dilakukan variasi waktu 10, 14, 21, 26 dan 32 hari. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa semakin lama fermentasi kompos yang dihasilkan semakin baik dimana daun telah hancur berubah bentuk seperti tanah.

Kitchen and Garden Waste Composting using EM4 Activator. Composting of kitchen and garden waste with the help of effective microorganisms (EM4) and microorganism local (MOL) has been carried out. The purpose of this activity is to use the waste to become more useful items. EM4 is a mixed culture of beneficial microorganisms. This material contains microorganisms consisting of lactic acid bacteria (Lactobacillus Sp), photosynthetic bacteria (Rhodopseudomonas Sp), Actinomycetes Sp, Streptomyces Sp, and yeast, and cellulose-decomposing fungi. This activator helps break down soil organic matter into organic compounds that are easily absorbed by plant roots. The composting was done by mixing kitchen and garden waste with the addition of EM4 and MOL. The fermentation process was carried out in variations of 10, 14, 21, 26, and 32 days. The results showed that the longer the fermentation time the better the compost was produced indicating by the leaves had crumbled into shape like the soil.
Penguraian Limbah Tahu Menggunakan Bakteri dan Plasma Ozonasi
Authors: Zuhaela Intan Ayu , Cahyani Mutiara Regita , Saraswati Teguh Endah , Raharjo Sentot Budi , Pramono Edi , Wahyuningsih Sayekti , Lestari Witri Wahyu , Widjonarko Dian Maruto
Published: September 2021

Limbah tahu merupakan zat yang berbahaya dan memiliki dampak buruk terhadap lingkungan apabila tanpa proses pengolahan terlebih dahulu. Permasalahan ini dapat diatasi dengan melakukan pengolahan limbah tahu menggunakan bakteri sebagai alternatif pembuatan pupuk organik dan treatment plasma ozonasi untuk mengurangi bau. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguraikan limbah tahu sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai pupuk organik, mengurangi bau busuk yang dihasilkan oleh limbah tahu sehingga aman dan mudah diterapkan oleh masyarakat. Pengolahan limbah tahu tersebut dilakukan dengan variasi metode menggunakan bakteri pengurai mikroorganisme efektif dimodifikasi dengan plasma ozonasi dan aerator, serta penambahan antifoam. Pengolahan limbah dengan plasma ozonasi didahului dengan penambahan antifoam. Hasilnya menunjukkan limbah dengan penambahan antifoam dan plasma ozonasi selama 15, 30 dan 60 menit memiliki karakteristik sangat bau dan keruh. Penambahan bakteri, molase dengan treatment tanpa dan dengan ozonasi selama 14 hari menunjukkan karakteristik yang agak berbeda dengan bau yang agak berkurang dengan sebelumnya tetapi masih sangat keruh. Penambahan EM4 treatment plasma dikombinasi dengan plasma ozonasi memberikan karakteristik yang paling baik dengan bau dan kekeruhan yang jauh berkurang. 

Decomposition of Tofu Waste using Bacteria and Ozonation Plasma. Tofu waste is a dangerous substance and had a bad impact on the environment if without not be processed. This problem can be resolved by treating tofu waste using bacteria as an alternative for making organic fertilizers and treating plasma ozonation to reduce odor. The study aims to describe the tofu waste thus it can be used as organic fertilizer, reducing the bad smell produced by tofu waste which is safe and easy for the community to apply. The tofu waste treatment has been treated with a variety of methods using bacteria that decompose microorganisms effectively modified with ozonation plasma and aerators, as well as the addition of antifoam. The waste treatment with ozonated plasma has been processed by the addition of antifoam. The results showed that the waste with the addition of antifoam and ozonation plasma for 15, 30, and 60 minutes had a very odor and cloudy characteristics. The addition of bacteria, molasses treated without and with ozonation for 14 days showed that the tofu wastes have different characteristics with a slightly reduced odor but are still very cloudy. The addition of EM4 plasma treatment combined with ozonated plasma gave the best characteristics with significantly reduced odor and turbidity.
Pengolahan Limbah Cair Tahu Menjadi Nata De Soya Melalui Proses Fermentasi
Authors: Marliyana Soerya Dewi , Fatrozi Syahrul , Inas Diana , Wibowo Fajar Rakhman , Firdaus Maulidan , Kusumaningsih Triana , Handayani Desi Suci , Suryanti Venty
Published: September 2021

Pabrik tahu merupakan industri kecil (rumah tangga) yang banyak dikerjakan oleh masyarakat dan pada umumnya jarang memiliki instalasi pengolahan limbah. Adanya keterbatasan dana, pabrik tahu tersebut lebih sering membuang limbahnya langsung ke sungai. Limbah tahu ini akan menimbulkan aroma yang kurang sedap sehingga mengganggu estetika dan kehidupan ekosistem sekitarnya. Salah satu cara untuk mengurangi pencemaran lingkungan, dilakukan pengolahan limbah cair tahu menjadi produk yang lebih bermanfaat yaitu Nata de Soya. Proses pembuatan Nata de Soya melalui fermentasi. Sebanyak satu liter limbah cair tahu diendapkan dan difiltrasi, dilanjutkan dengan pembuatan media tumbuh bakteri Acetobacter xylinum dan difermentasi selama 14 hari. Produk yang terbentuk kemudian dicuci dan direndam selama 3 hari dengan penggantian air rendaman setiap hari. Proses fermetasi limbah cair tahu menghasilkan Nata de soya berbentuk gel, berwarna putih, mempunyai ketebalan 2 mm, kadar air 79,31% dan densitas sebesar 0,85. Pengolahan dalam penelitian ini yang terbukti berhasil mengubah limbah cair tahu menjadi Nata de Soya merupakan salah satu cara mengurangi pencemaran lingkungan dan dapat meningkatkan nilai ekonomi. 

Tofu Liquid Waste Processing Into Nata De Soya Through the Fermentation Process. Tofu factories are small (household) industries that are mostly done by the community and generally rarely have sewage treatment plants. Due to limited funds, these tofu factories often dispose of their waste directly into the river. This tofu waste will cause an unpleasant aroma that will disturb the aesthetics and life of the surrounding ecosystem. One of the ways to reduce environmental pollution is to process tofu liquid waste into a more useful product, namely Nata de Soya. The process of making Nata de Soya can be done through fermentation. As much as one liter of tofu liquid waste was deposited and filtered following by making a growing medium for Acetobacter xylinum bacteria and was then fermented for 14 days. The product was then washed and soaked for 3 days with daily replacement of water immersion. The fermentation process of tofu wastewater produced Nata de soya as a white gel and having a thickness of 2 mm, a water content of 79.31%, and a density of 0.85. The treatment presented in this paper which successfully converted tofu wastewater into Nata de Soya is one way to reduce environmental pollution and to increase the economic value.

 
On enhancing the mechanical behavior of ultra-high performance concrete through multi-scale fiber reinforcement
Authors: Ragalwar Ketan , Heard William , Williams Brett , Kumar Dhanendra , Ranade Ravi
Published: September 2021

Steel fibers are typically used in ultra-high performance concretes (UHPC) to impart flexural ductility and increase fracture toughness. However, the mechanical properties of the steel fibers are underutilized in UHPC, as evidenced by the fact that most of the steel fibers pull out of a UHPC matrix largely undamaged during tensile or flexural tests. This research aims to improve the bond between steel fibers and a UHPC matrix by using steel wool. The underlying mechanism for fiber-matrix bond improvement is the reinforcement of the matrix tunnel, surrounding the steel fibers, by steel wool. Single fiber pullout tests were performed to quantify the effect of steel wool content in UHPC on the fiber-matrix bond. Microscopic observations of pulled-out fibers were used to investigate the fiber-matrix interface. Compared to the control UHPC mixture with no steel wool, significant improvement in the flexural behavior was observed in the UHPC mixtures with steel wool. Thus, the addition of steel wool in steel fiber-reinforced UHPC provides multi-scale reinforcement that leads to significant improvement in fiber-matrix bond and mechanical properties of UHPC.
Petroleum Energy Engineering Education Reform: Flipping the Curriculum
Authors: Samuel Robello
Published: September 2021

The syllabus getting outdated, classroom attendance getting less importance, fast advancements of technology and changing workforce, and demography require us to rethink and re-examine the core curricula being taught at petroleum schools. The changing landscape like clean energy and carbon neutral delivery are adding pressure to re-examine the subjects taught in the classroom so that the long-term sustainability is established. So, acquiring interdisciplinary skills is crucial with the reformed curricula.

The questions to be addressed include: "What is the fundamental problem in the present petroleum education?," "Is there any problem with the present theoretical framework?," "Is the petroleum education aligned with the latest developments such as edge devices, sensors, machine learning and artificial intelligence?," "Is there an academia-industry-regulatory agencies tighter participation?," and "What are the structural changes needed like rebranding as energy engineering?." The paper addresses these questions by proposing a new approach to petroleum engineering education by way of a changed energy engineering program, which involves fundamentals of engineering, sciences, and technologies that culminates in the development of experiential learning on cyber-physical systems.
Nurses’ Experiences and Expectations for Compassionate Leadership and Compassion in the Working Community - A Qualitative Study
Authors: Salminen-Tuomaala Mari Helena , Seppälä Satu
Published: September 2021

Background Nurses caring for critically ill patients need compassionate attention and support, especially during exceptional times, such as the Coronavirus 2019 pandemic. The aim of this study was to provide a trustworthy description of nurses’ experiences and expectations for compassionate leadership and compassion at a central hospital in Finland.Methods The participants were 50 nurses in intensive care and emergency departments of a central hospital. An online survey tool with open questions was used to collect data on the meaning of compassion and experiences of compassion and compassionate leadership in the working community. Results The nurses reported a great variety of positive experiences of compassion in the working community, although the emphasis in this study seemed to be on the absence of compassion, especially as regards leadership. The nurses expected individual attention and genuine physical and psychological presence from their immediate supervisors.ConclusionsCompassion can be regarded as social capital, essential for nurses’ coping and wellbeing in clinical nursing characterized by constant changes and critical situations. Immediate supervisors have a crucial role in promoting a compassionate atmosphere. They can express compassion by being physically present and by fostering an open dialogue in the working community.
Improving the Optical Properties of Potassium Chloride Crystals by Doping Diamond Nanoparticles
Authors: Dehghanpour Hamid Reza , Shabani Mahsa
Published: September 2021

In this work, the growth and characterization of potassium chloride crystals containing diamond nanoparticles has been performed. The crystals were grown by the Czochralski method and the doped samples contained 0.5, 1 and 1.5% impurities of diamond nanoparticles. The crystals were characterized by X ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), etching and thermoluminesence (TL). The XRD analysis shows the most of the nanodiamonds are still in single crystal form. FTIR demonstrates the composed crystals are transparent in IR range (transmission ~ 87%). The etching analysis reveals a crystal dislocation in order of 105 for the samples. Examination of thermoluminescence properties of crystals by gamma irradiation with doses of 10, 80 and 300 Gy showed that the sample with 0.5% doped ND had the best glow curve, but for the dose of 1000 Gy, the sample with 1% doped had the best curve.
Modeling the Electronic Properties for CNT Interacted with ZnO, CuO and Co3O4
Authors: Taha Walaa M. , Morsy Mohamed , Nada Nadra A. , IBRAHIM Medhat
Published: September 2021

Because of the wide applications of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and magic properties of metal oxides, Hartree-Fock (HF)/STO-3G quantum mechanical calculations were applied to study the electronic properties of CNTs and its interaction with ZnO, CuO and Co3O4. Calculations were conducted to calculate HOMO/LUMO band gap energy ∆E, moleculare electrostatic potential (MESP) and total dipole moment (TDM) for CNTs, CNT-Zn-O, CNT-Cu-O, CNT-Co-O and CNT-O-Zn, CNT-O-Cu, CNT-O-Co following the two mechanism of interaction as adsorbed and complex state. The calculations show that the interaction of CNTs with metal oxides increases its reactivity where MESP indicated to more distribution charges and an increasing in the TDM value after interaction of CNTs with metal oxides. Where, the interaction of CNT-Co-O as adsorbed state has the highest TDM with lowest band gap ∆E which confirms that CNT-Co3O4 can be used in sensing devices.
The Influence of Neighborhood Characteristics on HIV Treatment Outcomes Among Adults: A Scoping Review Protocol
Authors: Kimaru Linda Jepkoech , Habila Magdiel , Mantina Namoonga , Madhivanan Purnima , Connick Elizabeth , Ernst Kacey , Ehiri John
Published: September 2021

BackgroundThe HIV pandemic has caused enormous suffering and loss of life in the last forty years. Currently more than 34 million people have died as a result of HIV infection and over 37 million people are currently living with HIV. There have been tremendous global efforts to address the HIV pandemic and although significant progress has been made in treatment and prevention of HIV, many people living with HIV still do not have appropriate access to treatment and care. Current HIV interventions have focused more on individual factors than on community level factors. Community level factors influence individual behavior by enhancing or limiting access to- and utilization of HIV care. The objective of this scoping review is to assess and critically examine the association between neighborhood characteristics and outcomes of HIV treatment.Methods The following databases will be searched for studies published on and prior to May 31, 2021: PubMed, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and EMBASE. We will include published full text studies with both experimental and observational study designs that discussed neighborhood characteristics and HIV treatment outcomes. We will exclude abstracts only publications and studies reporting opinion. Data generated from the search will be managed using Mendeley ﻿1.19.8. The review will be conducted using Arskey and Levac’s methodological framework for scoping reviews. A narrative synthesis will be conducted on the included studies. Discussion Sustainability of HIV interventions that focus on individual behaviors rely on the community level factors that influence those individual behaviors. This review will enhance the understanding of the impact of neighborhood characteristics on HIV treatment outcomes among adults, and possibly shed a light on potential points of intervention that will aid in improving ART initiation, ART adherence, and HIV viral load suppression.Scoping Review Registration: OSF 10.17605/OSF.IO/MD89T