bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Targeting the Warburg Effect with Glucosodiene: A Case Report of a 43-year-old Female after Mastectomy of the right breast and axillary clearance with Successful First Case Treatment for Metastatic Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) of Bone.
Authors: ahmed Amr
Published: August 2023

Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer among women, and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a particularly aggressive subtype, representing 15-20% of cases. TNBC lacks estrogen, progesterone, and HER2 receptors, making it challenging to treat. This study explores a novel approach by investigating the metabolic pathways in TNBC, focusing on the alkaline glucose isomer, glucosodiene, as a potential therapy. The Warburg effect, discovered in 1924, serves as the basis for this investigation. The case report presents a 42-year-old female patient with TNBC Patient with MRM, Modified radical mastectomy, With axillary clearance., exhibiting a right breast lump with lymph node metastasis. Diagnostic tests confirmed invasive ductal carcinoma GII with negative hormone receptors and HER2/neu. The patient had previously undergone unsuccessful traditional chemotherapy and presented with bone metastasis. Treatment with glucosodiene for 15 days resulted in normal vital functions and no signs of cellular activity. This case study aims to evaluate an individualized treatment plan for TNBC patients and establish effective follow-up protocols. The trial is registered under clinicaltrials.gov number NCT05957939.
Identity-Based Encryption from the Tate pairing on genus two curves
Authors: Zitouni Mohammed , Guilley Sylvain , Mokrane Farid
Published: August 2023

Identity Based Encryption is an approach to link the public key to an identity. It is an extremely useful asymmetric cryptography type in which public and private keys are computed from a known identifier such as an email address instead of being generated randomly. This allows more flexibility in managing ad-hoc public key encryption and ensuring secure communications. The aim of this work is to improve IBE scheme using the bilinear Tate pairing on genus two curves with ordinary Jacobian over large prime fields. In the first hand, we demonstrate how to compute and implement pairings efficiently over ordinary Jacobian curves of genus two over a large prime field. We introduce a new technique to avoid performing an evaluation of the Miller function at the reduced divisor, which provides a reduced Miller’s algorithm to compute pairings. Furthermore, the final exponentiation is simplified to a minimum computation using the structure of the pairing-friendly curves. Numerical results are obtained via our implementation in Python for different security levels. In the second hand, we present a full description of functional IBE scheme using the optimization of the Tate pairing computations. The proposed application answers a question of Boneh and Franklin [2] about the possibility of using the Tate pairing in IBE schemes and represents the first IBE exploiting pairings in genus two. We provide a full description of a functional IBE scheme using our optimization of the Tate pairing computations.
Novel MiRNA Markers and Their Mechanism of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (ESCC) based on TCGA
Authors: Yuan Ping , Gao Xiaoyan , Xiong Zijun , Shen Jun , Xing Huanhuan , Yang Ruofan , Zhao Liang , Liu Xi , Gu Jiaowei , Liu Wenting
Published: August 2023

Background
MiRNAs are promising biomarkers for early ESCC detection and prognostic prediction. This study aimed to explore the potential biomarkers and molecular pathogenesis in early diagnosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).
Results
48 differentical expressed miRNAs (DEMs) and 1319 differentical expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between 94 ESCC tissues and 13 normal esophageal tissues in TCGA. Among 6558 target genes of the 48 DEMs, 400 are also in 1319 DEGs. Top GO and KEGG enrichment of these 400 DEGs includes cell cycle, proteoglycans in cancer, p53 signaling pathway, protein digestion and absorption, transcriptional dysregulation in cancer, and oocyte meiosis, where 66 DEGs are in these six biological pathways, called GO-DEGs. In total, 32 DEMs downregulated these 66 GO-DEGs, where 22 DEMs were verified by different types of experiments in ESCC tissues, cells or serum from literature. For the other 10 DEMs, only hsa-miR-34b-3p showed no significant correlation with the overall survival of ESCC patients by single-factor cox regression analysis. Novel nine DEMs related to ESCC were: three down-regulated (hsa-miR-215-5p, hsa-miR-194-3p, hsa-miR-29b-2-5p), and six up-regulated (hsa-miR-944, hsa-miR-205-3p, hsa-miR-4652-5p, hsa-miR-452-3p, hsa-miR-6499-3p, and hsa-miR-767-5p).
Conclusion
This study identified nine novel miRNA markers potentially related to the diagnosis of ESCC (hsa-miR-944, hsa-miR-205-3p, hsa-miR-4652-5p, hsa-miR-452-3p, hsa-miR-6499-3p, hsa-miR-767-5p, hsa-miR-215-5p, hsa-miR-194-3p, hsa-miR-29b-2-5p) and participated in the occurrence and development of ESCC through cell cycle, proteoglycans in cancer, p53 signaling pathway, protein digestion and absorption, transcriptional dysregulation in cancer, and signaling pathway for oocyte meiosis.
Cheetah Optimizer for Multi-objective Optimization Problems
Authors: Sharma Shubhkirti , Kumar Vijay
Published: August 2023

In this paper, a new algorithm named multi-objective cheetah optimizer is presented for solving multi-objective optimization problems. Cheetah optimizer is a new optimization algorithm, which has been proven to be more effective for solving large-scale and complex optimization problems. The proposed MOCO is developed from the single-objective cheetah optimizer by introducing the concepts of non-dominance sorting and archiving. Non-dominance sorting is used to get Pareto optimal solutions. An Archive is used for improving and maintaining their distribution. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm performs better than the existing multi-objective algorithms in terms of fitness value. The Pareto-optimal fronts exhibit good convergence and coverage. The empirical comparison results of the proposed algorithm with existing multi-objective algorithms exhibit its competitiveness. Simulation studies were performed on well-known multi-objective benchmark functions and real-world engineering design optimization problems to verify the proposed MO algorithm and ensure its applicability in real-life scenarios. Comparative analysis is done for the proposed multi-objective cheetah optimizer and other multi-objective algorithms that have recently been proposed.
Neurophysiologic evidence of motor imagery in lower limb amputees: an event-related potential study
Authors: Wei Conghui , Hu Bo , Yuan Zhen , Xiong Ziying , Shan Xinying , Luo Jun
Published: August 2023

Background This study aims to investigate w lower limb amputation affects the motor imagery (MI) process. In order to understand the potential neural mechanisms of phantom limb pain, we have measured the cerebral activation of event-related potential (ERP) in lower limb amputees and healthy controls with comparing the relationship between phantom limb pain (PLP) and cerebral activation. In addition, there is a model of motor imagery based on lower limb amputation by using deep learning techniques.
Methods This study includes 18 lower limb amputees and 20 healthy controls, who performed a bilateral lower limb motor imagery task. A 256-channel electroencephalographic system has been recorded to capture cerebral activation. Electrodes C3 and C4 (corresponding to the sensorimotor area) were selected to analyze the cerebral activation of the ERP. Besides, the level of PLP in the lower limb amputees has been assessed using the visual analog scale (VAS), while the correlation between the level of PLP and cerebral activation has been computed. Lastly, we have decoded the post-amputation motor imagery using deep learning techniques.
Results The cerebral activation degree has been calculated as the potentials of electrodes C3 and C4 at 0-800 ms. What is more, the ERP amplitudes are smaller in healthy controls compared with those in lower limb amputees, and the correlation analysis shows a significant positive correlation between the level of PLP and cerebral activation in the sensorimotor area (P < 0.05). Finally, the deep learning training accuracy is as high as 83.7%.
Conclusion Lower limb amputees should activate more neural activity to perform MI tasks, and PLP is involved in cerebral activation processes which may influence neural plasticity in sensorimotor areas. Additionally, the classification of MI potentials can be used as a basis for brain-computer interface (BCI) control strategies aimed at achieving more natural control of neural prostheses or robotic arms.
Data-driven Method for Fault Diagnosis in Braking System of Urban Rail Vehicle Based on Reduced Kernel Principal Component Analysis
Authors: OUYANG Jian , LIN Hao , HONG Ye , ZHANG Yanzhong
Published: August 2023

Condition monitoring and fault diagnosis in braking system of urban rail vehicles have important practical value, and can directly improve the stable operation of equipment and passenger comfort. In this study, a data integration system was established to consistently acquire accurate online information, and then the operating conditions were extracted from a massive historical dataset. Kernel principal component analysis (KPCA) is widely used for fault detection and diagnosis, however, the approach is limited by the high computational cost and memory requirements of large-scale training datasets. Herein, the reduced KPCA (RKPCA) approach is developed. The proposed method reduced redundant data in the training dataset by 32.84%. Furthermore, fault detection performance of RKPCA is superior to those of principal component analysis and KPCA.
Temporal Analysis of Drought Risk in Kilis (in Turkey)
Authors: Gömleksiz Türkan Zengin , Özdemir Emrah Tuncay
Published: August 2023

Drought identification and monitoring are crucial for water resource manage-ment. Kilis province is facing the risk of drought and it is located on the southernborder of Turkey. Due to the Syrian war, Kilis frequently receives refugees andis crucial from a strategic standpoint. In this study, drought analysis was carriedout using standard precipitation index (SPI), standardized precipitation evapo-transpiration index (SPEI) and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI)using meteorological data recorded from Kilis Meteorology Station between 1959-2022 and Landsat 8-9 satellite data. In the study, SPI and SPEI indices werecalculated in two different periods. (1959-1990 and 1991-2022). It is clear from ananalysis of the SPI that extremely wet conditions don’t show significant seasonal change but rather show an increase over the long term and at the mesoscale. Thisis supported by 3-6-12 month SPI and SPEI analyses. Extremely dry conditions,show an increase over the long term but remain rather stable at the mesoscaleand seasonal levels. Similar to this, it can be demonstrated by an examination of the SPEI that extremely wet conditions do not exhibit any apparent seasonal,mesoscale, or long term variations. On the other hand, across the long-term,seasonal, and mesoscale periods, there appears to be a rise in extremely dry cir-cumstances. Given the escalating drought, it’s crucial to implement provincial plans, essential actions, and raise public awareness. This is necessary to effectively manage the intensified and prolonged drought in the research area, highlighting the significance of drought management strategies within the province.
Physical activity levels, willingness, and preferences in liver Cancer Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Chen Haiyan , Zhou Huimin , Wu Bo , Lu Hanxiao , Dong Zhixia , Zhang Shuo , Gu Yuanlong , Yang Jun
Published: August 2023

Background: Despite the benefits and feasibility of physical activity for cancer survivors, a large number of liver cancer patients were insufficient active. Therefore, the current study to identify the physical activity level, willingness, and preferences of liver cancer patients and determine any associations with selected demographic and medical variables.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed on a sample of 204 liver cancer patients. These patients completed a questionnaire anonymously, which collected information about their general and medical characteristics, as well as their willingness and preference to participate in physical activity programs. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-S) was used to determine their current physical activity levels.
Results: Only 29 participants (14.2%) were active but 150(73.5%) declared an interest in physical activity programs. Multivariate logistic regression showed that willingness to exercise was associated with time since diagnostic (OR:1.905, 95% CI:1.017 to 3.567, beyond 12 months vs. up to 12 months), current physical activity (OR:3.961, 95% CI: 1.159 to 13.538 for active vs. insufficiently active according to the recommendations set by the American Cancer Society). Patients lived outside city were less inclined to exercise (OR: 0.45, 95% CI: 0.23–0.86) than those who lived within city. Patients with higher scores on the Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia were less likely to engage in the exercise program (OR:0.889, 95% CI: 0.831 to 0.950). The participates expressed a preference for exercise programs instructed by an oncologist, but also indicated that they were willing to do unsupervised exercise at home.
Conclusions: Liver cancer patients have been found to have insufficient activity levels; however, they have expressed a willingness to participate in personalized physical activity programs. The results of this survey can assist in tailoring interventions to help these patients achieve the recommended levels of physical activity.
Evaluating CNN Architectures Using Attention Mechanisms: Convolutional Block Attention Module, Squeeze, and Excitation for Image Classification on CIFAR10 Dataset
Authors: Ganguly Abhisek , Ruby A. Usha , J George Chellin Chandran
Published: August 2023

This paper compares the performance of various popular convolutional neural network (CNN) architectures for image classification on the CIFAR10 dataset. The comparison includes CNN architectures such as Inception V3, Inception-ResNet-v2, ResNetV1, and V2, ResNeXt, MobileNet, and DenseNet, with the addition of two attention mechanisms - Convolutional Block Attention Module (CBAM), and Squeeze and Excitation (SE). CBAM and SE are believed to improve CNNs' performance, especially for complex images with multiple objects and backgrounds. The models are evaluated using loss and accuracy. The main focus of this study is to identify the most effective CNN architecture for image classification on the CIFAR10 dataset with attention mechanisms. The study aims to compare the accuracy of various CNN architectures with and without attention mechanisms and to identify the critical differences between these architectures in terms of their ability to handle complex images. The findings of this study could have implications for developing advanced CNN architectures that can potentially improve the accuracy of computer vision systems in various applications.
Development of an interdisciplinary training program about chronic pain management for healthcare professionals: part of an effectiveness-implementation study
Authors: Munneke Wouter , Demoulin Christophe , Nijs Jo , Morin Carine , Kool Emy , Berquin Anne , Meeus Mira , Kooning Margot
Published: August 2023

Background
Many applied postgraduate pain training programs are monodisciplinary, while interdisciplinary training programs potentially improve interdisciplinary collaboration, which is favorable within the management of patients with chronic pain. However, there is limited research on the development and effectiveness of interdisciplinary training programs, especially in the context of chronic pain.
Methods
This study aimed to describe the development and implementation of an interdisciplinary training program regarding the management of patients with chronic pain, which is part of an implementation project. The training program contained two workshops of seven hours each and two e-learning modules and was targeted at general practitioners, (home)nurses, psychologists, physiotherapists, occupational therapists, dentists and pharmacists. An interdisciplinary expert panel was organised to prioritise learning objectives, rate healthcare professionals' current compliance with the learning objectives and formulate the barriers and needs relating to training content and the implementation of chronic pain management in clinical practice.
Results
The interdisciplinary expert panel considered the learning objectives as very important and current compliance was rated as relatively low. A wide variety of barriers and needs for Belgian healthcare professionals were formulated within the COM-B domains; capability, opportunity, motivation and behaviour. The interdisciplinary program about the management of patients with chronic pain aimed to promote and facilitate the implementation of the biopsychosocial model and pain science education into clinical practice.
Conclusion
We designed an interdisciplinary training program regarding the management of patients with chronic pain that can be used as a foundation for developing future training programs to enhance the quality of future training programs.
Robust identification of shared key genomic biomarkers for diagnosis and therapies of pancreatic cancer with type-2 diabetes
Authors: Hossen Md. Bayazid , Islam Md. Ariful , Horaira Md. Abu , Ali Md. Ahad , Himu Umma Hafsah , Kibria Md. Kaderi , Reza Md. Selim , Sarker Arnob , Hossen Md. Alim , Kabir Md. Hadiul , Mollah Md. Nurul Haque
Published: August 2023

Background
Pancreatic cancer (PC) and type-2 diabetes (T2D) are both complex diseases and they stimulate each other for which PC patients with T2D may reach to the severe condition quickly. So, the discovery of shared key genomic biomarkers (sKGBs), pathogenetic processes, and associated drug molecules is essential for simultaneous diagnosis and therapies.
Methods
Integrated robust statistics and bioinformatics tools and databases were employed to find the necessary results.
Results
We robustly identified 52 shared differentially expressed genes (sDEGs) that can separate both T2D and PC patients from the control samples. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis of sDEGs provided top-ranked six sDEGs (GAPDH, CASP1, MYD88, TNFRSF1A, TIMP1, TNFSF10) as the PC and T2D causing sKGBs. The random forest-based prediction and the Box-plot analyses results with TCGA and GTEx data significantly supported the association of sKGBs with both T2D and PC. Functional enrichment analysis of sKGBs significantly disclosed some crucial biological processes, molecular functions, and pathways that are associated with the development of both T2D and PC. The DNA methylation analyses results showed that five sKGBs (GAPDH, CASP1, MYD88, TNFRSF1A, TNFSF10) are hyper-methylated and enriched to the apoptosis processes which indicates the involvement of these sKGBs with the development and progression of PC. The immune infiltration level analyses indicated that the gene GAPDH is negative, and the rest five sKGBs are positively associated with different infiltrating immune cells. Finally, we suggested sKGBs-guided six candidate drug agents (NVP-BHG712, Olaparib, Irinotecan, Gliquidone, Herbacetin, and Linsitinib) by the screening through molecular docking, ADME/T, and DFT analysis for therapies of PC with T2D.
Conclusions
Individual studies on T2D and PC jointly supported our proposed sKGBs as both T2D and PC-causing genes. Similarly, sKGBs-guided drug molecules also received support as the candidate drug molecules for both T2D and PC. Therefore, the finding of this study might be valuable resources for diagnosis and therapies of PC with T2D.
Structural requirements for nucleophilicity and antioxidant capacity on quinoline derivatives: a theoretical study
Authors: Borges Rosivaldo , Borges Vancley S. , Santos Igor B. , Souza Ana C. S. P. , Melo Fernanda P. A. , Aguiar Christiane P. O. , Sousa Daniel S. , Sousa Alexsandro G. , Silva Albérico B. F.
Published: August 2023

Context
Quinoline derivatives play a crucial role in antimalarial therapy, and their biological properties are highly dependent on the basicity, particularly on the amine groups. The Amine moieties significantly contribute to the antioxidant capacity of quinoline derivatives through electron transfer mechanisms. Notably, each amine group has a distinct contribution to the antioxidant capacity, with the aliphatic amine displaying a potent electron donating capacity, the exo-aromatic amine showing an intermediate capacity, and the endo-aromatic amine demonstrating the least potent capacity. Our findings reveal a synergistic effect between the 4-amino-quinoline and tertiary amine in quinoline derivatives, enhancing their overall antioxidant capacity. However, the presence of the chlorine atom decreases its contribution as an electron withdrawing group. In comparison, chloroquine exhibits a higher antioxidant capacity than quinine, and their respective electron donation abilities are correlated with their pKa values. The synergistic effect between the 4-amino-quinoline and tertiary amine is particularly evident in chloroquine, surpassing the antioxidant capacity of 6-methoxy-4-methyl-quinoline moiety in quinine. Additionally, we have successfully proposed two new strategies for the development of chloroquine derivatives.
Methods
A theoretical study was conducted to investigate the structure-nucleophilicity and antioxidant capacity of quinoline derivatives, specifically chloroquine and quinine, through electron transfer using DFT/B3LYP/6–31 + G(d,p) methods. The HOMO values were utilized to assess nucleophilicity, while the ionization potential was indicative of electron donating capacity. To explore different aspects of the molecules, four approaches of molecular modifications were proposed: molecular fragmentation, molecular modification on amine moieties, and molecular association. These approaches aimed to provide insights into the relationships between molecular structure and nucleophilicity or antioxidant capacity. The study also involved the development of new strategies in drug design, leveraging theoretical methods to explore potential modifications and optimizations for quinoline derivatives.
A Rapid Investigation of Artificial Intelligence Generated Content Footprints in Scholarly Publications
Authors: Tang Gengyan , Eaton Sarah Elaine
Published: August 2023

This study reports on a novel phenomenon observed in scholarly publications. Some research articles unrelated to the field of artificial intelligence (AI) generate content (AIGC contain confusing phrases such as “As an AI language model...”. We conceptualize this phenomenon as “AIGC footprints”. To provide early evidence, we conducted a small-scale sample investigation by collecting 25 articles. We found that the appearance of AIGC footprints corresponds to the time when the public version of ChatGPT was launched. These 25 articles were published by authors from countries in Central Asia, South Asia, and Africa. Among these authors, there were assistant professors (n = 5), Ph.D. researcher (n = 6), as well as Ph.D. and master’s students (n = 3). Single authors (n = 16) and single affiliations (n = 23) were more common. Analysis of the article content revealed that some authors utilized ChatGPT for literature reviews (n = 11) or idea generation (n = 11). Articles with AIGC footprints are widely distributed across various professional fields, such as Communication and Media Studies (n = 3), Cybersecurity (n = 2), Civil Engineering (n = 2), and Agricultural Technology (n = 2). The 25 articles with AIGC footprints were published in 18 different academic journals. Most of the academic journals did not disclose their APCs on their websites (n = 11), nor were they indexed by Web of Science, Scopus, and DOAJ (n = 17). The emergence of AIGC footprints reflects the potential challenges faced by scholarly publishing and higher education in ensuring quality assurance, as well as indicating potential problems in research integrity. We provide several recommendations, including the development of best research practice guidelines in the context of AIGC, integrating transparent use of AIGC into higher education instruction, and fostering ethical leadership.
Physiochemical Analyses of Underground Water (Spring and Handpump Water) collected from Kargil District, Ladakh UT, India
Authors: Banoo Hamida , Banoo Kulsooma , Parveen Kousar , Dar Umar , SHAHNAWAZ MOHD.
Published: August 2023

Out of the 71% water available on the earth surface only 3% is freshwater. Most of the fresh water (96.5%) is locked in the glaciers and only 3.5 % is available for drinking. Due to anthropogenic activities and environmental changes, the drinking water is getting contaminated and the drinking water leads to various diseases. So having a quality water is becoming challenging day by day. Various low-income countries are facing shortage of safe drinking water. In the present study an attempt was made to assess the quality of drinking water from two main sources (Silmoo (Gongma Ranthak Lakha) Spring water and GM Pore handpump water) in the Kargil District, Ladakh UT, India. Total 10 physico-chemical parameters viz. Colour, Taste, Odor, Temperature, pH, Conductivity, Turbidity, Total hardness, Calcium concentration, and Magnesium concentration were assessed as per standards. Most of the parameter of both the water sources were found within the permissible limits as per BIS and WHO. However, we have reported higher magnesium concentration (82.54mg/L) in Silmoo (Gongma Ranthak Lakha) Spring water samples, which is considered good for health, perhaps improving muscular function and lowering your risk of cardiovascular disease.
Publication Status as a Common Inclusion Criterion in Systematic Reviews
Authors: Mertens Claudia , Quenzer-Alfred Carolin , Kamin Anna-Maria , Mays Daniel
Published: August 2023

This paper critically discusses the use of publication status as a common inclusion criterion for systematic reviews, a method adopted from the field of medicine into education and media-related education studies. Two systematic reviews exploring the use of digital media in inclusive, integrative or segregated teaching settings are compared. By adding peer-reviewed grey and non-peer reviewed literature in a second review, the initial corpus of 15 studies (articles in journals with peer review) was increased by another 19 studies (without peer review). The advantages and disadvantages of including research articles with a different publication status in systematic reviews is discussed based on the comparison of both reviews. Overall, in both reviews, the focus was on individual support with digital media while teaching, especially within technology-based learning classes, mostly from a quantitative perspective. Both reviews revealed a didactic focus (learning with digital media) and hardly any study dealt with learning about digitalization.
O conflito entre a Rússia e a Ucrânia em 2014, sob a ótica geopolítica russa
Authors: de Oliveira Rodrigues Anselmo , de Amorim Araújo Pereira Ricardo
Published: August 2023

O propósito deste artigo é analisar o episódio envolvendo a Rússia e a Ucrânia em 2014, sob a ótica da geopolítica praticada na Rússia. Para tanto, o artigo está estruturado da seguinte forma: inicia-se o mesmo com uma breve evolução do território russo a partir do século XII, destacando os reflexos dessa dinâmica na sociedade russa. Na sequência, destaca-se o papel de Mackinder na geopolítica russa, ao passo que se apresenta o pensamento geopolítico russo adotado nos dias atuais. Posteriormente, aborda-se a importância do eurasianismo na geopolítica da Rússia e a influência das ideias de Aleksandr Dugin. Em seguida, é feita uma análise sobre esse conflito, sob a ótica geopolítica, finalizando com as conclusões obtidas deste estudo.
Kalkon Bileşiklerinin Prostat Kanseri Hücrelerinde Antiproliferatif ve Nekroptotik Etkilerinin Belirlenmesi
Authors: ERTURK Elif , SAĞNAK Ayşen , YILDIZ Yaren , AKGÜN Oğuzhan , COŞKUN Demet , ARI Ferda
Published: August 2023

Kanser, genetik ve çevresel koşullar ile hücrelerin kontrolsüz bölünmesi ve çoğalmasıyla ortaya çıkan çok basamaklı ölümcül bir hastalıktır. Prostat kanseri, erkekleri etkileyen ve küresel olarak erkeklerde artan ölüm oranlarına önemli ölçüde katkıda bulunan malignitelerden biridir. Prostat kanserinde, uzun bir hastalık geçmişi, genetik-fenotipik çeşitlilik ve hastaların klinik ilerlemesindeki belirsizlik nedeniyle yeni yaklaşımların geliştirilmesi gerekliliği ortaya çıkmaktadır. Kalkonlar, bitkilerde bulunan, farmakolojik aktif bileşiklerdir. Doğal ya da sentetik kalkon türevlerinin kanser hücrelerinde anti-kanser aktiviteye sahip olduğu gözlenmiştir. Mevcut çalışmada, sentezi ve karakterizasyonu yapılmış iki kalkon türevinin (Bileşik 1 ve Bileşik 2) anti-kanser ve anti-proliferatif etkileri insan prostat kanseri hücre soylarında (LNCaP ve PC-3) araştırıldı. Bileşiklerin hücre canlılığı üzerindeki anti-proliferatif etkisi 48 saatlik tedavi sonrası SRB canlılık analizi ile değerlendirildi. Kalkon bileşiklerinin sitotoksik etkilerinden sorumlu hücre ölüm modunu belirlemek amacıyla floresan boyama (Hoechst 33342+Anneksin-V+Propidyum iyodür) yöntemi ve gen ekspresyonlarında meydana getirdiği değişiklikleri saptamak için de RT-PCR analizi gerçekleştirildi. Bileşiklerin, LNCaP ve PC-3 hücrelerinde doza ve zamana bağlı olarak anti-proliferatif etkileri saptandı. Üçlü floresan boyama sonucu ile bileşiklerin LNCaP ve PC-3 hücrelerinde sekonder apoptozisi teşvik ettiği tespit edildi. Hücre ölümü yolak genleri BCL-2, MLKL, FAS ve PARP ekspresyon seviyelerinde anlamlı artışlar belirlendi. Elde edilen sonuçların ışığında, Bileşik 1 ve Bileşik 2’nin prostat kanserinde anti-proliferatif etki gösterdiği ve nekroptozisi indüklediği sonucuna varıldı.
Influência das dimensões da autoeficácia e do background familiar dos estudantes do Brasil e de Portugal no desempenho da avaliação de leitura do Pisa
Authors: Conceição João Carlos da , Silva Gercione Dionizio
Published: August 2023

O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar as dimensões da autoeficácia e determinar os impactos destas dimensões e do background familiar no desempenho em leitura dos estudantes do Brasil e de Portugal, que participaram da avaliação de leitura do PISA 2018. Para determinar tais dimensões (fatores), realizou-se uma Análise Fatorial Exploratória. Já o efeito das dimensões e do background familiar foi mensurado a partir de uma regressão linear múltipla. Os resultados indicam que a autoeficácia pode ser determinada por sete fatores, relacionados ao comportamento socioemocional do aluno. Além disso, concluiu-se que tanto a autoeficácia quanto o background familiar (escolaridade da mãe) afetaram positivamente o desempenho dos alunos. Logo, ressalta-se a importância do desenvolvimento de políticas públicas que promovam o desenvolvimento socioemocional dos alunos.
The Effect of Nano-Polyphenols Cocoa Whey Protein as Functional Fortification Materials in Terms of Antioxidant Activity and Physicochemical Properties
Authors: Nabilah Nanda , Sawitri Manik Eirry , Manab Abdul , Susilo Agus
Published: August 2023

The study aims to understand the interaction between cocoa polyphenol nanoparticles with whey protein isolate (WPI) bond between polyphenol cocoa nanoparticles with whey protein isolate (WPI) and the role of the nanoparticles of cocoa polyphenols as bioactive compounds in the nano-polyphenol cocoa whey protein. The research method is performed using laboratory experiments with a completely randomized design (CRD), followed by Duncan analysis (DMRT) when there are significant or highly significant differences in each treatment. This research focused on the nanoparticles of cocoa polyphenols in the formulation of the nano-polyphenol cocoa whey protein with 4 treatments (T0: 0%, T1: 5%, T2: 10%, T3: 15%) and 3 replications. The observed variables include total phenolic, antioxidant activity, particle size, emulsion activity, and emulsion stability. The difference in the concentration of the nanoparticles of cocoa results in highly significant differences (P<0.01) in total phenolic, antioxidant activity, and particle size. Gave a significant difference (P<0.05) in the emulsion activity, but does not show a significant difference in the emulsion stability (P>0.05). It can be concluded that cocoa 15% nanoparticles (T3) are the best treatment from other treatments and is able to synergize with whey protein isolate (WPI), improve emulsion quality and have natural antioxidant content used as an alternative for food fortification ingredients
Effect of Whey Protein Isolate-Meniran Extract (Phyllantus niruri L.,) Eencapsulation Using Casein Hydrolysate on Foam, Optical Microscopy, Particle Size, and Viscosity
Authors: Hakim Lukman , Jambang Nicolays
Published: August 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of whey protein isolate (WPI)-extract of meniran (Phyllanthus niruri L.) encapsulation using casein hydrolyzate on foam overrun, optical microscopy, particle size and viscosity. The materials used was whey protein isolate, an extract of meniran (Phyllanthus niruri L.) encapsulated using casein hydrolyzate. The method used was a completely randomized design (CRD) with 5 treatments of casein hydrolyzed as encapsulation material, 0%, 2%, 4%, 6% and 8%, namely P0, P1, P2, P3 and P4 repectively, with 3 replications. The variables observed were foam overrun, particle size, and viscosity which were analyzed using analysis of variances (ANOVA). If there is a significant or very significant difference, analysis will be continued with the DMRT (Duncan Multiple Range Test). Variable of optical microscopy was analyzed descriptively. The results showed that whey protein isolate-meniran extract encapsulation using casein hydrolyzate gave a very significant difference (P<0.01) on in viscosity and foam overrun but did not give significant difference (P>0.05) on particle size. The average foam overrun value was 325% - 400%, the viscosity was 0.985 cP - 1.015 cP, the particle size was 0.8944 nm - 1.5031 nm, and optical microscopy showed that the most abundant distribution and amount of foam was observed in P4, namely whey protein isolate-meniran extract encapsulated with 8% casein hydrolyzate. Along with the addition of casein hydrolyzate with different concentrations (2%, 4%, 6%, 8%), the distribution and shape of the foam became more even and uniform. The conclusion of this study was that the addition of 6% casein hydrolyzate on the encapsulation effect of whey protein isolate-meniran extract was able to maintain the physical properties of WPI-meniran extract on viscosity, optimal particle size, foam overrun, and optical microscopy with a shape, uniform foam distribution and lamella tend to be thick.
Investigation of the factors forming the attitude of construction workers to unsafe behavior in work
Authors: Tomakov V. I. , Tomakova I. A.
Published: August 2023

Relevance. The high injury rate of construction industry workers has been a constant problem for many years. The most common direct cause of injury to workers is their own unsafe behavior when performing work. Identification of personal factors that form the attitude of a person to unsafe behavior is the beginning of effective implementation of safety programs in construction projects and taking measures to prevent traumatic situations.

The purpose of the study: to study the installation on unsafe behavior of construction workers.

Private tasks: to study the personal attitude and perception of occupational hazards of employees of organiza-tions in the construction industry; to investigate the levels of severity of the three main components of a person's pre-disposition to unsafe activities: cognitive, affective and behavioral.

Methodology. The study was carried out by anonymous questionnaire using specially designed question-naires. The questions focus on identifying the characteristics of the attitude to hazards and the behavior of employ-ees that can directly affect occupational safety and cause injuries.

Results. According to the responses of employees, high-quality material was obtained to identify and systema-tize the factors that determine their unsafe behavior in the industrial environment.

Conclusion. The results obtained objectively indicate that the ideas about the danger of the production envi-ronment do not correspond to reality and are factors of unsafe behavior of workers. The formed attitude does not al-low the subject to make adequate decisions and control his activities. In the personnel management system of the organization, it is necessary to develop training programs in the aspect of occupational safety, the implementation of which in the training process will contribute to the formation of an attitude to the safe behavior of employees and the reduction of dangerous incidents ending in injuries.
Features of the Social Situation of a Child's Development with an Allergic Disease
Authors: Vasilenko T. D. , Blum A. I. , Bogomazov A. D.
Published: August 2023

With all the variety of approaches to the study of the social situation of a child's development in the presence of somatic distress, currently insufficient attention is paid to the problems of the occurrence and course of allergies of unclear genesis. Consideration of an allergy of unclear genesis through the prism of a psychosomatic reaction is im-possible without taking into account the social situation of the child's development. In our study, we consider the pe-culiarities of the social situation of a child's development by studying various psychological characteristics, ranging from the characteristics of intra-family conflicts, the type of upbringing, the quality of contact between mother and child, and ending with the past experience of the child's mother interacting with her own mother. The aim of the study is to study the peculiarities of the social situation of a child's development in the manifestation of allergies of both clear and unclear genesis.

The article presents the results of a study of 63 mothers with children, who were further divided into three groups, depending on the presence of a diagnosis of allergy of clear/unclear genesis or its absence. Taking into ac-count the set goals, our study used groups of methods focused on studying the peculiarities of the social situation of child development: clinical conversation, analysis of medical documentation, developed questionnaire aimed at diag-nostic examination of mothers and their children with allergies of unclear genesis, as well as children without allergies of unclear genesis, in order to identify risk factors disorders of mental and psychosomatic health, psychodiagnostic methods.

According to the results of the study, the article presents a differentiated identification of factors of violation of the social situation of the child's development, by studying the quality of contact between mother and child, determin-ing the significance of the influence of past negative experiences of interaction with one's own mother; disturbed in-tra-family relations, which in the future may act as a trigger for the manifestation of allergies of unclear genesis in children.
The role of Euphemisms in Modern Political Discourse
Authors: Kondratenko E. N.
Published: August 2023

The present article is devoted to the analysis of euphemistic substitutions used in political discourse and having a particular place in mass media texts. Such studies are quite urgent because of the constant changes in the current political situation and the importance of reflecting these transformations in modern language. The purpose of this article is to study euphemisms in terms of their functioning in American political discourse. To achieve the goal, the following objectives were set: to study the concept of political discourse from different points of view, to demonstrate the veiled meaning of statements used in political texts of the media and American politicians’ speeches, and to consider methods of influencing the mass consciousness of native speakers. The study is based on the ability of euphemisms not only to neutralize negative values according to generally accepted political correctness but also to change the meaning of the statement in order to achieve the necessary communicative effect. It is taken into account the phenomenon of euphemia having been studied in sufficient detail from different angles. With the aim of finding out how to use implicit influence through political euphemisms it was provided an overview of the mass media such as USA Today, The Washington Post, The New York Times, CNN International. It was revealed that euphemisms are able to hide true meaning and thereby have an impact on the opinion of society, so they can be used as manipulative language means directing the audience’s attitude towards certain things in the desired way.
Trends in the Use of Anthroponyms in Media Texts (on the Example of the Newspaper «Kurskaya Pravda»)
Authors: Bespalova E. A. , Svezhentseva A. S.
Published: August 2023

The article examines the anthroponymic models by which the referent is named in newspaper texts of different decades. The purpose of the work is to identify trends in the use of anthroponyms in media texts based on a comparison of data on their use in the regional newspaper Kurskaya Pravda in various time periods (1990, 2000, 2010, 2020). The work uses such research methods as the continuous sampling method, observation of language material, systematization, analysis, generalization.

The features of the use of one-component, two-component and three-component anthroponyms in full and abbreviated form in media texts are analyzed. It is noted that the second and third types are the most frequent, the ratio of which changes over time.

Two main trends in the use of anthroponyms in newspaper texts have been identified: a significant reduction in the use of a three-component anthroponym, including initials and surname and actively used in the Soviet press, and a clear transition to the use of a two-component anthroponym, consisting of a full name and surname, which is one of the manifestations of the democratization of language, a means of creating a more modern image of the referent.

It is shown that two-component naming (first name and last name), atypical for Soviet media culture, from the business and political sphere eventually passed into the media and was reflected in the language of the Kursk press; gradually this method of nomination became the main one; using this model of anthroponym, the authors of publications participate in the formation of the concept of modern naming, broadcasting emerging trends and spreading them in society.

The study of the peculiarities of the use of anthroponyms in the media language contributes to the development of modern anthroponymy, it is important in terms of accumulating data on the current state of the media language.
Ethical Challenges in AI Approaches to Eating Disorders
Authors: Sharp Gemma , Torous John , West Madeline L
Published: August 2023

The use of artificial intelligence (AI) to assist with the prevention, identification, and management of eating disorders and body image concerns is exciting, but it is not without risk. Technology is advancing rapidly, and ensuring that responsible standards are in place to mitigate risk and protect users is vital to the success and safety of technologies and users.
Effectiveness of a Web-Based Intervention for Preventing Substance Use in Young Adults in Taiwan: Quasi-Experimental Study (Preprint)
Authors: Chang Yen-Jung , Chen Jhong-Lin
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND

Substance use has been one of the most alarming public health problems worldwide, particularly among younger generations.

OBJECTIVE

This study evaluated the effectiveness of a web-based substance use prevention intervention targeted at adults aged 20-29 years.

METHODS

The intervention materials comprised 5 sets of infographics and 1 animation, all of which focused on mixed themes: (1) the concept of substance use and its harmful effects on health; (2) misinformation regarding new psychoactive substances; (3) regulation of illicit drugs, particularly marijuana; (4) the brain disease model of addiction; (5) critical thinking skills that improve health literacy; and (6) decision-making and communication skills that help people refuse illegal drugs. The study assigned eligible participants into experimental and control groups on the basis of the parity of their participant numbers. These participants completed web-based baseline and follow-up questionnaires that assessed their knowledge, behavioral intention, self-efficacy, and life skills related to substance use prevention. Knowledge was assessed using 8 questions concerning understanding of substance use harms and the regulation of illicit drugs. Behavioral intention and self-efficacy were assessed using 5-point Likert-type scales. Participants’ ability to apply life skills to avoid substance use was assessed using 3 testing scenarios regarding substance use. The study used generalized estimating equations to examine the intervention’s effectiveness.

RESULTS

A total of 1065 participants (539 control and 526 experimental) completed the intervention and questionnaires in 2019. The average ages of the experimental and control groups were 25.68 (SD 2.71) and 25.66 (SD 2.69) years, respectively. The study observed no significant differences in the demographic variables between the 2 groups. The results of the generalized estimating equation analyses indicated that the intervention significantly improved participants’ knowledge (P<.001), behavioral intention (P<.001), and self-efficacy (P<.001) but not their life skills (P=.61) related to substance use prevention. Participants in the experimental group responded to a satisfaction survey with positive feedback on the intervention.

CONCLUSIONS

The web-based intervention was effective in improving participants’ knowledge, behavioral intention, and self-efficacy concerning substance use prevention. The findings support continued efforts to use web-based interventions to prevent substance use among young adults.
Impact of Extended Shifts on Cerebral Oxygen Saturation and Cognitive Function in Pediatric Residents (Preprint)
Authors: Junsawat Pimchanok , Anantasit Nattachai , Vaewpanich Jarin
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND

In-training physicians frequently experience acute sleep deprivation periods due to the on-call shifts’ lengths. Many studies showed that on-call shifts are associated with negative impacts on cognitive function, alertness, and mood. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a useful non-invasive tool for regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rScO2) monitoring. We hypothesized that rScO2 might be decreased in sleep-deprived brains.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to determine effects of sleep deprivation following the nightshifts on rScO2 and cognitive function.

METHODS

This prospective study included 50 in-training pediatricians. The rScO2 was monitored using two rScO2 sensors placed on the forehead at pre on-call (T0), immediate post-call (T16), 24-h from pre on-call (T24), and 48-h from pre on call (T48) in each physician. All physicians continued their working without post-call day. The mathematical test was performed at T0, T16, T24, and T48 and the Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) test at T0 and T24.

RESULTS

The mean (SD) rScO2 at immediate post-call [65.8%(5.3)] and 24-h from pre on-call [64.6%(6.4)] were significantly declined from pre on-call [68.2%(5.6)], p<0.001, and then returned to baseline at 48-h from pre on-call [68.9%(5.5)]. The mathematical test scores were not different among all-time points. The mean (SD) MoCA score was significantly decreased at 24-h from pre on-call [T0, 28.4(1.4) to T24, 27.7(1.8), p<0.001]. Seven out of 50 pediatricians (14%) had MoCA scores lower than normal (less than 25).

CONCLUSIONS

The 16-h nightshifts and continuous working among in-training pediatricians might cause a transient reduction of rScO2, which, could led to decreased cognitive function scores.