bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigation of the distribution of ABO/Rh blood group in hospitalized Covid-19 patients and its association with disease severity, clinical outcomes, lab-tests and radiologic findings
Authors: Zendehdel Abolfazl , Asoodeh Azadeh , JamaliMoghaddamsiyahkali SaeedReza , Ansari Mohsen
Published: January 2024

Background: it is important to identify patients at higher risk for
severity and poor outcomes of Covid-19 infection, to have better disease
management and pandemic control. In this study, we aimed to assess the
distribution of ABO and Rh blood groups in hospitalized Covid-19
infected patients and demonstrate its association with severity and
outcomes of the disease. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study at
Ziaeian specialist Hospital, in Tehran, Iran. Off all confirmed Covid-19
infected patients who were admitted to this hospital, 273 patients were
enrolled in this study and categorized based on their disease severity
or clinical outcomes including ICU admission, need for mechanical
ventilation and mortality. The distribution of ABO and Rh blood groups
was assessed and compared between different groups, to investigate the
association of blood group types with disease severity or outcomes.
Also, the study population was categorized based on their blood group
types to demonstrate the association of laboratory parameters,
radiologic findings and length of hospitalization with blood groups.
Sex, age and underlying disease were adjusted in final model by
multivariate regression analysis. Results: This study showed that Blood
group A (35.9%) was the most prevalent among hospitalized Covid-19
patients followed by O (34.8%), B (21.6%), and AB (7.7%)
(A>O>B>AB). ABO and Rh blood
group was not associated with disease severity, need for mechanical
ventilation, or ICU admission, while blood group B was associated with
an increased risk of death in comparison with type O, in hospitalized
Covid-19 patients (P=0.02). The number of patients with severe levels of
CRP test results was lower in O blood group patients in comparison with
non-O blood groups (P=0.01). Conclusion No significant association was
found between blood groups and other lab tests, radiologic findings, and
length of hospitalization.
Cathelicidin (LL-37) causes coronary artery lesions in Kawasaki disease by activating TLR4-NF-κB-NLRP3 signaling
Authors: Si Feifei , Lu Yaheng , Wen Yizhou , Chen Tingting , Zhang YIngzi , Yang Yanfeng
Published: January 2024

Background: Kawasaki disease (KD) is a kind of vasculitis with an
unidentified etiology. Cathelicidin (LL-37) may be involved in the
development of the KD process; therefore, further research to
investigate the molecular mechanism of LL-37 involvement in KD is
warranted. Methods: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used
to detect the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, NLRP3, and LL-37 in the sera of
healthy subjects, children with KD, and children with pneumonia.
Subsequently, human recombinant LL-37 or/and TLR4-specific inhibitor
TAK-242 stimulated HCAECs cells, CCK-8 was used to detect cell
proliferation, flow cytometry to detect apoptosis, transmission electron
microscopy to observe cytoskeletal changes, Transwell to measure cell
migration ability, ELISA to detect inflammatory factor levels, Western
blotting to analyze protein levels of TLR4 and NF-κB p-65, and qRT-PCR
to determine LL-37, NLRP3 mRNA levels. Results: In this study, we found
that the level of LL-37 was highly expressed in the serum of children
with KD, and after LL-37 stimulation, apoptosis was significantly
increased in HCAECs, and the expression levels of TLR4, NLRP3 and
inflammatory factors in cells were significantly enhanced. Intervention
with the TLR4-specific inhibitor TAK-242 significantly alleviated the
LL-37 effects on cellular inflammation, TLR4, NLRP3 promotion effect.
Conclusions: Our data suggest that LL-37 induces an inflammatory
response in endothelial cells via TLR4-NF-κB, leading to coronary artery
injury in KD, providing a potential target to treat KD.
An updated synopsis of genus Chara L. in India
Authors: Baruah Partha , Kalita Nilamjyoti , Boruah Bishmita , Bhattacharjee Shaswatee , Sarma Sukanya , Kalita Himamani
Published: January 2024

An updated synopsis of the genus Chara L. (Characeae) occurring in India
are discussed here in conformity with the available monographs,
literatures, related publications, digital herbarium records and online
taxonomic databases. The taxonomy and nomenclature are based on the
critical review of 51 taxa of Chara L. which include 35 species, 9
varieties and 7 forms so far reported from India. Information related to
type citations, range of distribution along with the key for each taxon
was included in discussion. The review further marks 9 taxonomically
unresolved taxa of India.
Biological Aspects of Marine Biofilm Bacterial Pigment
Authors: Vellaisamy Balasubramanian , Rajendran Rajapriya , Arulprakasam Ajucarmelprecilla , Ravindran Akila , Gunasekaran Sunandha Jeeva Bharathi
Published: January 2024

Marine bacterial species contribute to a significant part of the oceanic
population, which substantially produces biologically effectual moieties
having various medical and industrial applications. The use of
marine-derived bacterial pigments displays a snowballing effect in
recent times, being natural, environmentally safe, and health beneficial
compounds. Although isolating marine bacteria is a strenuous task, these
are still a compelling subject for researchers, due to their promising
avenues for numerous applications Due to their beneficial properties,
including anticancer, antibacterial, antioxidant, and cytotoxic actions,
marine-derived bacterial pigments were desirable in the food,
pharmaceutical, textile, and cosmetic industries. Marine bio-pigments
are preferred over synthetically produced colored compounds due to their
biodegradability and higher environmentally friendly nature. Besides
that, hazardous effects associated with the consumption of synthetic
colors further substantiated the use of marine dyes as color additives
in industries as well. Herein, we have reviewed the potential of
different bacterial species isolated from the marine environment in
diverse studies that produce bioactive pigments with potential
commercial applications, in addition to the biosynthesis and
physiological roles of associated pigments. The chemical structures of
the bioactive compounds are also discussed.
Curcumin alleviates IMQ-induced dermatitis and regulates gut microbiota of mice
Authors: Zeng Yibing , Cai Zhenguo , wang wuqing , Zhang Yao
Published: January 2024

Background: As a polyphenolic compound originated from the food spice
turmeric, curcumin (CUR) has various pharmacological effects, such as
anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidation, anti-proliferative and
anti-angiogenic activities. Psoriasis is centered on the overproduction
of Th1- and Th2-related cytokines (e. g. IL-23, IL-17, TNF-α, IL-22),
which is involved in the occurrence and development of its pathogenesis.
However, whether CUR is involved in the treatment of psoriasis and its
specific mechanisms are not fully understood. Methods: In this study, we
detected the therapeutic effect of CUR (100mg/kg· d) on IMQ-induced
dermatitis in mice, analyzed by PASI scores, ELISA, HE staining,
immunofluorescence. Moreover, we further confirmed the alteration in the
relative abundance of the gut microbiota through 16sRNA to explore
whether CUR could regulate the gut microbiota of IMQ-induced mice.
Result: Through intragastric administration, CUR can alleviate
psoriasis-like lesions of mice by decreasing PASI scores, reducing the
level of IL-6, IL-17A, IL-22, IL-23, TNF-α and TGF-β1, promoting the
expression of IL-10. Moreover, 16 sRNA sequencing revealed that CUR
could regulate the alteration in the abundance alteration of gut
microbiota related to inflammation, such as Alistipes, Mucispirillum and
Rikenella at genus level. The correlation analysis further confirmed the
close association between important microflora and psoriasis-like
inflammation indicators. Conclusions: CUR exerts the effect of
alleviating dermatitis of psoriatic mice by regulating Th-17 related
inflammatory factors. Moreover, the changes in gut microbiota via CUR
may be another factor of relieving IMQ-induced lesions in mice.
Therefore, CUR may be a highly promising candidate for the treatment of
psoriasis.
Systematic review of studies of skin and lung fibrosis concurrent with bleomycine induction
Authors: Gülle Semih , Çelik Aslı , Birlik Merih , Yılmaz Osman
Published: January 2024

Scleroderma or systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a chronic autoimmune
connective with unknown etiology and poorly understood pathogenesis.
Like other connective tissue diseases, SSC is more common in females,
and the highest incidence is observed in the time frame from the third
to the fifth decade. The striking array of autoimmune, vascular and
fibrotic changes that develop in almost all patients makes SSc unique
among connective tissue diseases. Although no animal model developed for
SSc to date fully represents all features of human disease, some animal
models that demonstrate features of SSc help to better understand the
pathogenesis of the disease and develop new therapeutic options.
Well-defined animal model selection is critical to the success of a
well-conducted in vivo study. It includes induction methodology as well
as a variety of approaches for studying skin fibrosis in these models,
such as histopathology, immunohistochemistry, dermal thickness,
hydroxyproline content of the skin, and flow cytometry analysis of
dermal cells. Monitoring the model during the induction of the SSc mouse
model, and determining the timing of treatment initiation is very
important in the evaluation of treatment success. For this purpose, in
vivo evaluation methods have an important place to observe the
realization success of the model during induction in the animal.
Evaluating the initial skin thickness of each mouse and the response
created as a result of the induction, and showing how much response to
the treatment according to the skin thickness at the beginning of the
treatment is of critical importance for the success of the treatment. In
this review, we aimed to evaluate skin fibrosis and lung involvement in
a BLM-induced mouse model and to evaluate the differences between
studies
Exploring Factors Influencing Patient Activation in Saudi Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Survey- Results from the COPARA Study
Authors: Almalag Haya Mohammed , Alshehri Maha M. , Altokhais Nouf A. , Aljanobi Ghada A. , Dessougi Maha I. El , Harthi Amal Al , Omair Maha Ahmed , Attar Suzan M. , Bahlas Sami , S Abdullah Alfurayj , Alazmi Mansour , Asiri Alhussain , AlOmair Mohammed M. , AlJuffali Lobna , Omair Mohammed
Published: January 2024

Abstract Objectives: To evaluate patient activation in Rheumatoid
Arthritis (RA) patients using the patient activation measure 13 (PAM-13)
on a national level in Saudi Arabia. Method: A national survey was
administered across multiple centres in Saudi Arabia. The survey
assessed patient activation using the PAM-13. The Compliance
Questionnaire for Rheumatology (CQR) and the RA Impact of Disease (RAID)
tool, were assessed. The data from the survey were analysed, and the
results were stratified based on activation level. All factors affecting
patient activation were explored and reported. Results: A total of 1241
participants were included. Most of the patients were females (85%),
the mean age was 47 (±14), and most patients lived in the central region
(47%). The mean (±SD) patient activation score was 578.7 (±13.0).
Patient activation was affected by multiple factors: demographic
characteristics, such as education, with a beta value of 1.11 (95% CI
0.64~̵̶ 1.58, p<0.001). Higher CQR scores were associated with
higher activation level, with a beta value of 2.61 (95% CI 0.80~̵̶ 4.44,
p=0.005); and higher RAID scores were associated with lower activation
levels, with a beta value of 3.13 (95% CI 1.36~̵̶ 4.91, p=0.001).
Conclusions: Patient activation was affected by several demographic
characteristics and impact of RA. A higher activation may improve
compliance. Future longitudinal studies are required to confirm these
findings and should explore the underlying mechanism of these effects.
Towards a behavioural screening tool for primary psychological triage
Authors: Morineau Thierry , Taine Margot , Cainjo Thierry , Raimbault Corinne , Renahy Pierre-Yves , Dormois Isabelle
Published: January 2024

Background. Following a mass casualty event, the primary psychological
triage of survivors based on clinical symptomatology is difficult for
volunteer rescuers who lack the necessary knowledge of mental health
issues and are under significant time pressure. To address this concern,
descriptive screening tools are needed. In this context, propositions
for a triage tool have taken the form of means to describe traumatic
exposure or the survivors’ comorbidity factors. Objective.
Alternatively, we propose a behaviour-based screening tool built on the
Defence Cascade Model. This model assumes that survivors’ behaviours
involve a range of motor and physiological defensive reactions. After
developing this new kind of screening tool, we tested its reliability
and validity. Method. Forty professionals who usually intervene in early
psychological intervention units randomly rated a series of survivors’
profiles with either the behavioural tool or a tool based on classical
categories of symptoms used as a control condition. The two screening
tools were developed by a group of nine experts. Inter-rater reliability
(unweighted kappa and Fleiss’ Kappa indexes), criterion validity
(Spearman’s Rho and Kendall’s Tau indexes), face validity (subjective
evaluation) and construct validity (modal classes of items) were
calculated and compared between the two tools. Results. The results show
that behavioural screening is significantly more reliable, while showing
a significant correlation with symptom-based screening in terms of
prioritisation. It also appears to be simpler than symptom screening,
with most references to similar clinical concepts.
Knowledge and Attitudes of Gout Patients and Their Perspectives About Diagnosis and Management: A Cross-Sectional Study in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Khormi Abdulrahman , Basalem Abdulaziz , MUADDI ALHAYTHAM AL , Alaskar Abdulaziz , ALGAHTANI RAKAN , Alharbi Abdulsalam , Alanazi Tariq , Alqahtani Nawaf , Altamimi Abdulrahman
Published: January 2024

Background Gout is a chronic non-communicable disease that might lead to
multiple systemic complications if it is left untreated. The knowledge
and attitudes among patients towards the diagnosis and management of
gout are important indicators in determining the prognosis and
predicting sequelae of the disease. This cross-sectional survey aimed to
assess the knowledge, perspectives, and attitudes of patients diagnosed
with gout toward the disease pathology, diagnosis, and treatment.
Methodology An observational cross-sectional study was conducted at
university clinics and local health facilities in central Riyadh, Saudi
Arabia. Two-hundred thirteen patients diagnosed with gout were selected
by non-random, non-probability convenience sampling and invited to
voluntarily participate in this survey. A structured questionnaire,
which was written in Arabic and pre-tested in a previous pilot study,
was distributed to and collected from the participants between April
2022 and August 2022. The data were entered into an Excel (version 2010)
spreadsheet. Pearson chi- square analysis was used to determine
associations between dependent variables. Statistical significance was
defined as a P-value <0.05. Results The study included 109
patients (51.2%) ≥51 years of age with uncontrolled gout (more than two
attacks), 38% of whom were males. The variation in body mass index was
not statistically significant (P=0.384). The proportions of patients
with diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and osteoarthritis
were significantly different between patients with uncontrolled vs.
controlled gout (P=0.041). There were significant differences between
patients with uncontrolled vs. controlled gout in terms of age at
diagnosis and the interval between symptom onset and rheumatologist
consultation (P=0.043, P=0.043, and P=0.027, respectively). Conclusion
Patients were adequately informed about gout and its treatment. Gout
control was significantly associated with patients’ knowledge levels,
patient age, and gout therapy. There were no associations between
patients’ primary complaints and gout status at the time of diagnosis
Severe Hemolytic Exacerbations of Chinese PNH Patients infected SARS-CoV-2 Omicron
Authors: Yang Hui , Chai Xingxing , Gong Yuemin , Zhang Xinyu , Wang Lingling , Zhou Xin , Chen Xiaoyu , Xu Jinge , Xu Dan , Li Jianyong , He Guangsheng
Published: January 2024

Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is characterized by hemolytic
anemia, bone marrow failure, thrombophilia. COVID-19, caused by a novel
severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) with many
variants including Omicron. This study depicted demographic and clinical
characteristics of 20 PNH patients with SARS-Cov2 Omicron infection. All
the patients hadn’t previously been administrated with complement
inhibitors. They all were with high disease activity (HDA), and LDH
level exceeded any documented since the diagnosis of PNH, and those
reported in the literature for previously stable treatment with
complement inhibitors. D-dimer level elevated in 10 patients. 2 patients
developed mild pulmonary artery hypertension. Glomerular filtration rate
(GFR) declined in 5 patients. 1 patient developed acute renal failure
and underwent hemodialysis. Anemia and hemolysis were improved in 5
patients treated with eculizumab. Hemolytic exacerbation of PNH with
COVID-19 is severe and eculizumab may be an effective treatment.
Overlap of Obsessive Compulsive and Psychosis Risk Symptoms in a Specialized Clinic
Authors: West Michelle , Green James , Barber Madison , Sharif Shadi , Lisowski Victoria , Friedman-Yakoobian Michelle
Published: January 2024

Aim: Psychotic disorders and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)
commonly co-occur. Likewise, subthreshold psychosis symptoms (clinical
high risk for psychosis; CHR-p) and obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS)
commonly overlap and may be difficult to differentiate. Previous work
suggests some notable differences between OCS and psychosis include
insight and the content of thoughts and experiences. Methods: The
current study explored the overlap between OCS and psychosis symptoms in
a CHR-p sample. Results: Results demonstrated 13.5% of the sample
experienced co-morbid OCD and CHR-p. Individuals with comorbid OCD and
CHR-p experienced no other significant differences in presenting
concerns, including psychosis symptoms, social or role functioning,
anxiety, or depression. Exploratory factor analyses conducted on the
CFOCI-A revealed two subtype factors: 1) checking and counting, and 2)
intrusive thoughts and images of harm/guilt. The checking and counting
factor was significantly correlated with depression and social anxiety.
The intrusive thoughts and images of harm/guilt factor was significantly
correlated with unusual thought content, suspiciousness and persecutory
ideas, attenuated positive symptoms, and social anxiety. Conclusions:
These findings suggest individuals who experience intrusive thoughts and
images may be more likely to rate on positive symptoms, while
individuals with checking and counting symptoms may not rate on positive
symptoms, though may experience greater levels of depression.
Data is missing again -- Reconstruction of power generation data using k -Nearest Neighbors and spectral graph theory
Authors: Pierrot Amandine , Pinson Pierre
Published: January 2024

The risk of missing data and subsequent incomplete data records at wind
farms increases with the number of turbines and sensors. We propose here
an imputation method that blends data-driven concepts with expert
knowledge, by using the geometry of the wind farm in order to provide
better estimates when performing nearest neighbors imputation. Our
method relies on learning Laplacian eigenmaps out of the graph of the
wind farm through spectral graph theory. These learned representations
can be based on the wind farm layout only, or additionally account for
information provided by collected data. The related weighted graph is
allowed to change with time and can be tracked in an online fashion.
Application to the Westermost Rough offshore wind farm shows significant
improvement over approaches that do not account for the wind farm layout
information.
Sudan Ebolavirus (SUDV) Outbreak in Uganda: Lessons to be learned
Authors: Patel Shailesh , Tiwari Sita , Niranjan Ankush , Rana Jigyasa , Agrawal Aditya , Pandey Megha , Emran Talha Bin
Published: January 2024

Amid the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and Mpox outbreak, the Sudan
Ebolavirus (SUDV) had arisen as a new menace in Uganda. Multiple human
epidemics in Africa have been traced back to four genetically distinct
strains: Sudan ebolavirus, Zaire ebolavirus, Bundibugyo virus, and Taï
Forest virus. While African fruit bats are thought to be a reservoir
host for the ebola virus, scientists throughout the world are looking
for confirmatory evidences that bats play a significant role in the
spread of the disease.
DFT studies on Palladium/Xiao-Phos-catalyzed asymmetric arylation of secondary phosphine oxides
Authors: Liu Si-Yuan , Li Zhi-Ming , Guo Hao , Zhang Junliang
Published: January 2024

Asymmetric arylation of secondary phosphine oxides (SPOs) is a potential
strategy to obtain P-chiral compounds, and has developed rapidly
since the first report in 2016. However, the mechanism is still
ambiguous and few DFT studies have been published so far in this field.
Taking palladium/Xiao-Phos-catalyzed asymmetric arylation of SPOs as
model, our DFT mechanism studies allows the updating of the catalytic
cycle. Tautomerization of SPOs occurs first to initiate the downstream
arylation transformations. DFT computations show that
Pd/X1-catalyzed HO-assisted tautomerization is
more favored, and the resulting intermediate with trivalent SPO fragment
enters the downstream arylation directly. Meanwhile, reductive
elimination is both the rate- and enantioselectivity-determining step in
the whole catalytic cycle. Bonding and IGMH analysis on the TSs
of reductive elimination indicate that, the difference in non-bonding
interactions between X1 and substrates mainly determines the
enantioselectivity. This work not only provides deeper insights into the
self-adaptive property of SadPhos ligands but also offers valuable
guidance for future related studies of SPOs.
Gagea iranshahrii (Liliaceae), a new species from the Atrak River basin
Authors: Ajani Yousef , Levichev Igor
Published: January 2024

A new species of Gagea iranshahrii ***** & ***** (Liliaceae, G. sect.
Stipitatae (Pascher) Davlianidze) has been described from the basin of
the Atrak River basin, Iran and Turkmenistan. Morphological features and
a distribution map are given. Differences from four superficially
similar taxa are indicated. The new species differs in the totality of
features and, especially, in the presence of a relatively large, rounded
vegetative bulb, which forms annually throughout the entire ontogenesis.
Reversible Acid-Base Responsive Fluorescence Changes of Molecular Crystals Based on Anthracenyl Pyridyl Derivatives
Authors: Zhang Tian-Le , Zhao Chengxi , Liu Zhi-Jian , Xu Tian-Yi , Lin Hui-Yao , Zhou Shang-Wu , Li Yu-Hao , Tong Fei
Published: January 2024

Organic crystals that can respond to external stimuli and exhibit
fluorescence changes have drawn increasing attention recently as their
potential applications in intelligent displays, optical data storage,
anticounterfeiting, bioimaging, and sensors. Herein, we have synthesized
two new organic compounds based on frameworks of anthracene and pyridine
groups: 4-(anthracen-9-yl) pyridine (AN9P) and 4-(anthracen-2-yl)
pyridine (AN2P). Both compounds, in solutions and solid states including
polycrystals and single crystals, display reversible fluorescence
transformations under alternative acid and base treatments. AN9P and
AN2P solutions could be regulated to emit white light luminescence. The
photoluminescence of AN9P and AN2P polycrystals showed fast fluorescence
changes with wide ranges (>300 nm) upon alternative acid
and base stimuli and still exhibited remarkable fluorescence emission
with almost no attenuation after 15 cycles of the reversible process.
Both experimental and computational calculation results suggested that
the heteroatom nitrogen in the AN9P and AN2P molecules significantly
influenced the intra- and intermolecular electronic interactions during
the reversible protonation and deprotonation processes, resulting in
changes in their frontier molecular orbitals and fluorescence emission
characteristics. Our results provide a new facile approach to designing
molecular structures to realize highly dynamic photoluminescence changes
in both liquid solution and solid crystal.
Expanding the territorial limits of Pleroma caatingae, a threatened species from the Brazilian semiarid
Authors: Portela Luís Ximenes , Goncalves-Oliveira Rodrigo Cesar , Freitas Juliana Gomes , Souza Elnatan Bezerra de
Published: January 2024

Melastomataceae is one of the largest families of flowering plants,
comprising approximately 5,858 species distributed across 173 genera
worldwide. Brazil excels as the country with the highest diversity of
Melastomataceae in the neotropical Americas, boasting 1,453 species with
a significant number of endemisms. The Caatinga, a phytogeographic
domain in Brazil, holds a prominent position as the core area of
Seasonally Dry Tropical Forests and Shrubs and Woodlands (SDTFSW) in
South America and exhibits remarkable environmental heterogeneity,
featuring various phytophysiognomies associated with both crystalline
and sedimentary terrains. Within this domain, rock outcrops support
endemic and rare species, further enhancing the ecological value of this
region. Although Melastomataceae has limited representation in the
Caatinga, the colonization of xeric environments by select species of
this family has attracted attention. Notably, the discovery of Pleroma
caatingae stands out, an endangered species previously thought to be
endemic to the state of Bahia, and recently collected outside the state.
This paper presents the first record of the species outside Bahia. After
acquiring further morphological data, an adapted description of this
species is offered, incorporating information from these peripheral
occurrence points. To enhance understanding of the potential
distribution and conservation status of the species, a conducted
predictive species distribution model (SDM) that provides an updated
account of its geographical range is presented. Furthermore,
comprehensive insights regarding phenology and conservation status are
provided. Additionally, conclusions are drawn pertaining to the
remaining knowledge gaps surrounding the distribution of neotropical
species and their interrelationships with both their counterparts and
their surroundings and provides innovative insights and outlooks
regarding the preservation of arid habitats, which are typically
overlooked but hold intriguing discoveries for biodiversity.
Fibroblast-like synoviocytes preferentially induce terminal differentiation of IgD + memory B cells instead of naïve B cells
Authors: Bleck Dennis , Loacker-Schöch Klara , Classen Tim , Jose Joachim , Schneider Matthias , Pongratz Georg
Published: January 2024

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune disease driven by
highly active autoantibody producing B cells. These B cells can be
supported within ectopic germinal centers found in afflicted joints.
Fibroblast like synoviocytes (FLS) present in inflamed joints support B
cell survival, activation and differentiation. CD27
memory B cells and naïve B cells show very distinct reactions to
activation, particularly by CD40 ligand (CD40L). We show that FLS
dependent activation of human B cells is dependent on interleukin 6
(IL-6) and CD40L. FLS have been shown to activate naïve as well as
memory B cells. If the activatory potential of FLS is different for
naïve and memory B cells had not yet been investigated. Our results
suggest that FLS-induced activation of B cells is dependent on IL-6 and
CD40L. While FLS are capable of inducing differentiation, isotype
switching and antibody production in memory B cells, FLS capability to
activate naive B cells is significantly lower.
Viola pendulipedunculata (Violaceae), a new species from Guangdong Province, China
Authors: Huang Yanshuang , Jia Xin-yu , Zeng Qiu-gen , Wen Wei-liang , Fan Qiang
Published: January 2024

Viola pendulipedunculata (Violaceae), a new species from Baiwan Nature
Reserve of Guangdong Province in China, is described and illustrated.
The new species is most similar to V. nanlingensis morphologically, but
it can be easily distinguished by its narrowly oblong anterior petals
(vs. spatulate anterior petals), curved and drooping peduncles (vs.
erect peduncles), and seed with obvious elaiosome (vs. inconspicuous
elaiosomes) and the whole plant. Our phylogenetic analysis, based on ITS
sequences, confirms that the new species belongs to V. sect. Diffusae,
and mostly related to V. yunnanensis in the phylogeny.
Clinical characteristics and prognostic analysis of idiopathic inflammatory myopathy with positive anti-aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase antibodies
Authors: Zhang Di , Zhou Xinpeng , Yang Jianguo , Liu Yuan , Wang Wenjing , Jiang Ping , Fan Bing
Published: January 2024

To determine distinct phenotype groups in patients with idiopathic
inflammatory myopathy (IIM), and to identify the differences of clinical
characteristics, laboratory findings, and the long-term outcomes in
patients with antisynthetase syndrome (ASS) of different
anti-aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase (ARS) antibodies. Methods: We enrolled
retrospectively 280 patients with IIM, and the clinical characteristics
and laboratory findings were collected. Additionally, multivariate COX
regression analysis was performed to identify indicators of poor
prognosis in patients with ASS. Results: 119 ASS and 161 non-ASS
patients were identified in 280 patients with IIM, the occurrence rates
of ILD, RP-ILD, pulmonary symptoms, arthritis, triad and mechanic’s
hands with ASS group were more prevalent than non-ASS group ( p＜0.05).
Among 119 patients with ASS, the highest incidence of RP-ILD occurred in
the PL12 group (36.4%). There was clinical significance of statistical
differences in arthritis, myositis, mechanic’s hands, triad, shawl sign,
v sign, and Raynaud’s phenomenon among the 4 subgroups ( p＜0.05). At
the same time, the individuals in the positive anti-Jo1 antibody group
were more likely to exhibit arthritis, myositis, mechanic’s hands, triad
and, v sign than the negative anti-Jo1 antibody group in patients with
ASS, furthermore, statistically more prevalent ( p＜0.05). According to
the multivariate COX regression analysis, mechanic’s hands, ANA, and ILD
were independent risk factors for poor prognosis in patients with ASS (
p<0.001, p=0.026, and p<0.001, respectively). V sign
was an independent protective factor for good prognosis in patients with
ASS ( p=0.026). Conclusions: When clinical characteristics including
pulmonary symptoms, arthritis, mechanic’s hands, ANA, along with ILD
appear, clinicians should be on the alert for the occurrence of ASS in
patients with IIM
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: Addressing the current and future therapeutic advances along with the role of Sotatercept in the management of pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Hadi Dalia Dhia , Marsool Mohammed Dheyaa Marsool , Marsool Ali Dheyaa Marsool , Vora Neel , Al-Badri Sajjad Ghanim , Al-Fatlawi Nabeel Hamzah Kadhim , Wssawi Ameer Fadhil Abbas Al , Al-Ibraheem Abdullah Muataz Taha , Hamza Khadija Ali , Prajjwal Priyadarshi , Mateen Mohammed Abdul , Amir Omniat
Published: January 2024

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive lung disease with
unclear etiology. Clinical manifestations include dyspnea and
nonproductive cough. Lung transplantation is the only cure, while
Pirfenidone and Nintedanib are FDA-approved drugs for slowing disease
progression. However, Saracatinib shows greater efficacy. This
literature review assesses the safety and efficacy of IPF treatments,
focusing on Pirfenidone and Nintedanib, which preserve lung function and
reduce fibrosis and inflammation. We also evaluate emerging treatments
such as saracatinib, pamrevlumab, pentraxin-2, BI 1015550, ziritaxestat,
PBI-4050, bexotegrast, BMS-986020, TD 139, dasatinib, quercetin, and
etanercept. Additional research is needed to explore the therapeutic
potential and address gaps in IPF management, including exacerbation and
associated pulmonary hypertension (PH). Immunosuppressive agents are
used to manage IPF exacerbations, while PH is a recognized comorbidity.
Clinical trials, PULSAR and SPECTRA, investigate Sotatercept as a
potential PH treatment for IPF patients, showing promising results.
VALIDITY AND CLINICAL EFFECTIVENESS OF THE BREASTFEEDING HISTORY QUESTIONNAIRE
Authors: EKŞİOĞLU AYSUN , ÇAĞAN Emine Serap , Akyar Ayşe , TURFAN Esin ÇEBER , BENDER Whitney
Published: January 2024

The study was aimed testing the psychometric properties of the
Breastfeeding History Questionnaire (BAP) and to evaluate clinic
effectiveness in detecting the risk of in-hospital formula
supplementation among multiparous women. The study is a cross-sectional
study conducted in a mother-friendly tertiary health care facility in
western Turkey, involving 358 women. First of all, expert opinion was
obtained for content validity, then the risk of using formula was
investigated cross-sectionally. Chi-square test and Student’s t-test and
multivariate logistic regression analysis were used for data analysis.
The sensitivity and the specificity of the BAP used for the prediction
of formula supplement use in the hospital by those whose BAP score was ≤
1 were 74.6% and 88.2%, respectively. In those with a BAP score of ≤1,
while the positive predictive value was 78.22%, the negative predictive
value was 85.89%. Of the multiparous women, those with a BAP score of
≤1were 12.8 times more likely to supplement formula during the
postpartum hospital stay than were those with a BAP score of ≥2 (RR =
12.88, 95% CI [5.76-27.78]; p < .001). The BAP is a valid
tool and it offers practical evaluation suitable for clinical use.
Where has privacy gone?
Authors: Aïmeur Esma , Brassard Gilles
Published: January 2024

Alice is reading a novel on her computer in the comfort of her home
drinking a piña colada. Her husband John, on the other hand, is grabbing
his morning cup of coffee at his favorite café while looking at his
Facebook account. Alice’s webcam is on and John feels at ease using the
café’s public WiFi. Then, suddenly, Alice gets an advertisement about
Caribbean drinks. She is a bit perplexed. As for John, he receives an
email from his boss asking why he is not at work and another from
Facebook alerting him of suspicious activities on his account. He is
irritated. They both thought their privacy was safe. There are a
multitude of threats looming on the horizon from profiling, identity
theft, and mass surveillance to depriving babies of their right to
privacy before being born. Before diving into the dangers and how to
eliminate or at least mitigate threats, let us understand the concept of
privacy. To do so, we go back to the origins in order to comprehend its
evolution throughout history. At each period, privacy practices adapt to
the time-specific context. Not only that, but the historical context can
have long-lasting implications for centuries to come. We then explain
the situation today with the impacts on the individual and society.
Finally, we draw some conclusions about the future of privacy.
A new species of Fimbristylis (Cyperaceae) from central India
Authors: Shaikh Mujaffar , Tiwari Arjun , Sikarwar Ram
Published: January 2024

The present study reports the discovery of Fimbristylis pachmarhiensis
(Cyperaceae) as a new species from central India. The specimens were
collected from the Pachmarhi hills located in Madhya Pradesh.To aid in
the accurate identification of this species, an extensive taxonomic
description, accompanied by photographic illustrations, a comparative
analysis with similar species, and supplementary notes have been
included. These comprehensive details serve to enhance our understanding
and recognition of this newly discovered plant species.
Palladium-Catalyzed Enantioselective Intramolecular Heck Dearomative Annulation of Indoles with N-Tosylhydrazones
Authors: Ma Yue , Lu Cong-Cong , Xu Sheng-Qi , Han Ya-Ping
Published: January 2024

An elegant Pd(dba)2-catalyzed enantioselective Heck dearomative
annulation of indoles and N-tosylhydrazones for the straightforward
assembly of structurally diverse optically active indoline scaffolds
containing the quaternary carbon centers at the C2-position has been
developed. The tandem protocol, which utilized Pd(dba)2/BINOL-based
phosphoramidite ligand as the catalytic system, proceeded smoothly
through successive oxidative addition, intramolecular carbon
palladation, migratory insertion, and reductive elimination se-quences,
leading to the chiral indoline derivatives in moderate to excellent
yields, with excellent enantioselectivities and diastereoselec-tivities.
In addition, the synthetic practicability of the catalytic system was
underlined by a scaled-up experiment and the late-stage derivatization
of the products, thus highlighting the potential applications in
synthetic chemistry, medicinal chemistry, material science.
MiR-21 regulates proliferation and apoptosis of mesangial cells via PTEN/PI3K/AKT pathway in lupus nephritis
Authors: Gu Zhifeng , He Qian , Ji Juan
Published: January 2024

Objective: Systemic lupus erythematosus（SLE）is an autoimmune disease
involving multiple organs and systems throughout the body. The
pathogenesis is complex and has not been fully elucidated. Excessive
proliferation of human renal mesangial cells（HRMC）and endothelial
cells leads to the deposition of massive immune complexes and the
formation of crescents, which is the main cause of lupus nephritis (LN)
and one of the main complications of SLE. Recent studies have
demonstrated that miR-21 plays an important role in the progression of
SLE, but the mechanism remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to
determine the expression of miR-21 in renal tissues of MRL/lpr mice and
the effect of miR-21 on the proliferation and apoptosis of HRMC and its
mechanism. Methods: Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) was
used to detect miR-21 in kidney tissues of C57BL/6 and MRL/lpr mice.
Flow cytometry was used to detect the apoptosis of cells. Western blot
was used to detect the expression of BAX, BCL-2 and PTEN/ PI3K/AKT
signaling pathway. Results: qRT-PCR results showed that miR-21 was
significantly upregulated in MRL/lpr mice. Western blot showed that
miR-21 affected apoptosis of HRMC by BAX and BCL-2 and participated in
cell proliferation through the PTEN/ PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
Conclusion: MiR-21 regulates mesangial cells proliferation and apoptosis
in LN via PTEN/ PI3K/ AKT signaling. These results reveal the molecular
basis of the influence of miR-21 on renal mesangial cells and provide a
new approach for cell therapy of lupus nephritis.
Co atom-doped NiMoO4 Hierarchical hollow nanosheet-based-nanosphere for oxygen evolution reaction
Authors: Yin Zhuoxun , Zhou Min , Li Xinping , Liu Xiangcun , Ma Xinzhi , Zhou Yang , Chen Wei , Li Jinlong
Published: January 2024

Hollow structures with hierarchical architecture and multi-composition
have attracted extensive interest because of their fascinating
physicochemical properties as well as wide applications. to improve the
efficiency of overall water splitting, highly active and stable
electrocatalysts are highly desirable. A novel high-efficiency
Hierarchical hollow nanosheet-based-nanosphere Co-NiMoO4-HNS
electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution was arranged by doping Co on
Ni-MoEG yolk/shelll nanosphere. Remarkably, the hierarchical hollow
Co2-NiMoO4-HNS catalyst exhibits favorable catalytic performance toward
the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) with a receivable overpotential of
270 mV achieving a current density of 10 mA cm−2 and a Tafel slope of 65
mV dec−1. In expansion, as a electrocatalyst, Co2-NiMo4-HNS appeared to
have great long-term steadiness in the electrolyte. This work may give
broad hypothetical and specialized back for the plan of cost-effective
bifunctional electrocatalysts.
Personal Data Processing in Teaching Using Modern Instruments of Group Electronic Communication since the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Kyncl Libor , Jantulíková Michelle , Kovalčíková Katarína , Trenz Oldřich , Zerdaloglu Stratos
Published: January 2024

The goal of the article has been to identify general risks of
universities and faculties that are arising to them regarding the
personal data in teaching, research and development based on the social
and technological transformation during (and possibly after) the
COVID-19 pandemic. Academic activities involve online and blended
teaching using the online modern instruments of group electronic
communication. The identified risks were based on the review of the
literature and legal acts with quantitative research including 959
respondent questionnaires, validated through 7 structured interviews.
The first risk involves a potential personal data breach in online
communication. The second risk is a potential lack of a data protection
training for employees, professors, or students, specifically including
the training for employees on the safe leading of online meetings. The
third risk involves a default public pre-setting of public access to
accounts, files and folders (instead of private pre-setting). The fourth
risk involves an insufficient awareness regarding the importance of
getting to know privacy policies on various tools or websites and
privacy settings in tools. Based on our research, we have come to
conclusion that academic institutions should tighten up measures as well
as practices regarding the aforementioned risks in order to comply with
the GPDR regulation.
Biomarkers for proteomics-based diagnosis of thyroid papillary carcinoma metastasis
Authors: Lingyao Peng , Jiang Zhu , Yifang Huang , Wenkai Duan
Published: January 2024

Thyroid cancer has become the solid tumor with the most rapidly
increasing incidence. In this study, patients who underwent ultrasound
examination and surgical treatment at the Run Run Shaw Hospital
Affiliated to the Medical College of Zhejiang University from January
2019 to June 2020 were enrolled. Preoperative ultrasound evaluation and
postoperative pathological confirmation were used to partition cases
into papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) high-risk (C1), PTC low-risk
(C2), and control (N) groups with normal thyroid tissue adjacent to the
cancer. Proteomic and phosphoproteomic assays were performed on PTC
tissues. The C1/N and C2/N differential proteins were significantly
upregulated and the functional areas were concentrated in amino-acid
binding, phosphate-compound binding, and serine peptidase activity. The
significantly upregulated C1/C2 differential proteins were NADH
dehydrogenase, ATP convertase, oxidoreductase activities, and iron ion
channels. Based on the differential multiples, significance, and
metabolic pathways of the differentially expressed proteins, eight
potential biomarkers related to the diagnosis of thyroid papillary
carcinoma metastasis were revealed., including phosphorylated myosin 10,
phosphorylated proline alanine protein kinase, leucine tRNA ligase ,
2-oxoisovate dehydrogenase, succinate semialdehyde dehydrogenase ADP/ATP
translocase, malonyl COA decarboxylase, fibrin. We confirm that
proteomics and phosphoproteomics can be used as effective methods for
screening the metastasis of PTC.
One-Pot Synthesis of the Fused Tetrahydroquinoline-Iminosugar Derivatives
Authors: Wu Jilai , Xie Song , Xu Xin , Zhou Ziyi , Zhou Likai , Wei Chao , Li Xiaoliu , Wu Chen , Chen Hua
Published: January 2024

An efficient and simple one-pot synthesis of structurally diverse novel
tetrahydroquinolin fused iminosugars was developed through the
aza-Diels-Alder(Povarov mechanism) mechanism. The adaptability of this
method has been demonstrated by a variety of imines and D/L-ribose
tosylates, and both electron-donating and withdrawing substituted imines
are employed in reaction well. In addition, this reaction is
characterized by simple operation, good yield, and high atom economy.
Some synthetic iminosugars showed moderate anti proliferation of HCT116
tumor cells.
rTMS Shows Efficacy in Improving Negative Symptoms in Early Psychosis: A Systematic Review
Authors: Hrabok Marianne , Hinde Anthony K. , Song Wei-Yi
Published: January 2024

Introduction: This systematic review aims to synthesize
evidence for use of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS)
in recently diagnosed psychotic disorders to determine whether rTMS
could be an effective treatment for early psychosis. Methods:
PubMed, CINAHL, and PsycInfo were searched to obtain relevant articles
published between 2012 and 2023. The Preferred Reporting Items for
Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) Articles was used as a
guideline for reporting. Two authors independently screened articles
using inclusion/exclusion criteria. Those meeting criteria were examined
in detail, with bias scoring via the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool.
Results: Of 2155 articles yielded from the initial search,
fifteen ultimately met inclusion/exclusion criteria and were examined
further. Most of the studies used the PANSS to assess outcome, and the
majority (89%) reported significant effects on negative symptoms
following rTMS, with mixed outcomes for positive symptoms. The most
common neural target for stimulation was the dorsolateral prefrontal
cortex. Seventy-three percent of articles examined neural correlates of
outcome, linking outcome to functional connectivity, grey matter volume,
and BDNF levels. The majority of studies were rated as some or high
bias, due to lack of rigorous controls, lack of blinding, or lack of
randomization. Conclusions: Our systematic review suggests that
rTMS is effective for treatment of negative symptoms of early psychosis.
Negative symptoms are of particular clinical import as a treatment
target, given their impact on function, their resistance to conventional
treatments, and prognostic significance. Limitations and future
directions are discussed.
Narratives: Neurodivergent Children
Authors: Materula Dercia , Currie Genevieve , Jia Xiao Yang , Finlay Brittany , Lau Ai-men , Richard Catherine , Yohemas Meridith , Lachuk Gina , Gall Nadine , Dewan Tammie , MacEachern Sarah , Gibbard William , Zwicker Jennifer
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Without a care coordination mechanism, caregivers of
neurodivergent children coordinate care across various complex systems
in addition to caregiving responsibilities. This study aimed to
understand the needs of families with neurodivergent children before
entering a care coordination program. Methods: Using a convergent
parallel design close-ended questionnaires and semi-structured
interviews captured caregiver-reported quality of life, care
integration, and resource use of 67 families. Results: Over 50% of
respondents lacked access to neurodiversity related support services
mainly due to information and coordination challenges. Caregivers were
excluded from care planning and dealt with a fragmented system.
Financial losses, social isolation, and mental health issues caused by
lack of support, negatively impacted caregiver quality of life.
Discussion: To improve quality of life outcomes for this demographic,
this study recommends that implementing a care coordination program
needs to consider the high health, educational, and social needs of
families with neurodivergent children.