bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF COMPUTER-GENERATED SIMULATION PROGRAM FOR FORECASTING OF THE TEMPORARY DISABILITY DURATION IN CASE OF MAXILLOFACIAL REGION DISEASES AT DENTAL MEDICAL ORGANIZATIONS
Authors: Abdrashitova Alena , Saleev Rinat , Safina Roza , Saleev Nail
Published: November 2021

Subject. digital technologies used by the service of examination of temporary disability associated with a dental disease and their adoption in dental medical organizations of the Republic of Tatarstan.

The aim — to develop a computer simulation program for predicting the duration of temporary disability associated with a dental disease.

Results. Odontogenic inflammatory processes, which were identified in 66.1% of the cases, represented the largest proportion of causes of temporary disability in patients of dental medical organizations. Maxillofacial traumas took the second place with a proportion of 13.9% of all the causes. Diseases related to loss of teeth due to extraction were identified in 384 patients, or in 7.4% of cases, and took the third place. The authors of the study determined the duration of temporary disability for each category of dental disease in the Republic of Tatarstan, the average duration of which was 8.48 ± 0.04 days. Based on clinical statistical analysis, a matrix was created for predicting the duration of dental diseases leading to temporary disability represented by a computer software for dental medical organizations.

Conclusions. Dental diseases in patients are related to the cases where treatment and rehabilitation are provided by several medical organizations; the authors created software for dentists, which predicts the duration of cases, their statistical analysis, eliminates errors in the issue of sick leave certificates, draws standard reporting statistical documents in order to provide reliable information on the state of the economically active population, to plan preventive activities, appropriate comprehensive treatment and rehabilitation of patients.
FEATURES OF IMMUNOLOGICAL REACTIVITY OF PATIENTS WITH LICHEN PLANUS OF THE ORAL MUCOSA
Authors: Bikmurzin Vladimir , Balyabina Ludmila , Gimraniva Irina , Akmalova Guzel' , Chuykin Sergey , Chernyshova Nina , Yepishova Anna
Published: November 2021

Lichen planus is considered as a multifactorial disease.
Various factors play a role in the development of lichen planus of the oral mucosa: genetic, dental materials that are used for restoration, prosthetics of teeth, Helicobacter pylori, viruses, psychological stress, somatic pathology and others. The pathogenesis of oral lichen planus is based on an autoimmune process. The aim of the study was to determine the immunological reactivity in patients with various clinical forms of lichen planus of the oral mucosa. The study carried out clinical, laboratory examination of 75 female patients aged 29 to 75 years old with red lichen planus of the oral mucosa. All patients were divided into three groups depending on the clinical form of the disease. The control group consisted of 30 women aged 39 to 70 years old without red lichen planus of the oral mucosa.
The phagocytic activity of neutrophils, the level of immunoglobulins of classes A, M, G and circulating immune complexes in the blood serum were evaluated.
The humoral link of immunity in patients with exudative-hyperemic form of OLP was characterized by hyperimmunoglobulinemia of classes A, M, G, an increase in circulating immune complexes, in patients with erosive-ulcerative form of hyperimmunoglobulinemia of class M against the background of hypoimmunoglobulinemia A, G and an increase in circulating immune complexes. In patients with a typical form of OLP, only an increase in the level of circulating immune complexes was noted.
When assessing the immune reactivity in patients with OLP, the relationship between the manifestations of the "dysphagocytosis" syndrome, disorders in the humoral immunity system with various clinical forms of the disease was established. This fact allows us to conclude about the pathogenetic role of an imbalance in the system of mechanisms that ensure the elimination of pathogens, including infectious nature in the occurrence of a disease with the formation of an autoimmune component.
FEATURES OF DENTAL STATUS OF PATIENTS WITH SARS-COV-2
Authors: Nasibullina Alisa , Kabirova Milyausha , Kabirov Il'dar , Valishin Damir
Published: November 2021

At the end of 2019, an outbreak of a new coronavirus infection occurred in the People's Republic of China with an epicenter in the city of Wuhan [26]. The causative agent was given the temporary name 2019-nCoV.

The World Health Organization officially named the infection-COVID-19 on February 11, 2020. The official name of the causative agent of infection SARS-CoV-2, was assigned by the international committee on the taxonomy of viruses [22]. A number of authors have established that the main role is played by receptors of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) in the penetration of the virus into target cells [19]. It is known that the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 occurs more often by airborne droplets during close contact with infected patients [15], as well as through direct contact with infected people and infected objects [17, 18, 20].

For healthcare professionals, SARS-CoV-2 has set tasks related to the rapid diagnosis and provision of medical care to patients. Currently, information on the clinical features, epidemiology, prevention and treatment of this disease is limited [13, 14].

To date, there is a limited amount of literature describing the dental status in patients diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2. Thus, the purpose of this study was to study the state of oral mucosa and substantiate its changes in patients with a laboratory-confirmed diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 of mild to moderate severity, with or without concomitant oral coinfection.

On the other hand, knowledge of the peculiarities of the dental status of Sars-CoV-2 patients and timely rational treatment of diseases of the oral cavity should constitute an important stage in the algorithm for their specialized therapy [2].

The work carried out a comprehensive assessment of the state of the oral cavity and the need for dental treatment in patients with Sars-CoV-2. The conclusions are based on the results of a simple observational clinical study, in which a comparative assessment of dental status indicators was carried out in 40 patients with Sars-CoV-2 and 20 somatically healthy individuals of the same sex and age.
THE EFFECT OF COMPLEX TREATMENT WITH THE USE OF DENTAL GEL OF ORIGINAL COMPOSITION ON THE INDICATORS OF PSYCHO-EMOTIONAL AND DENTAL HEALTH OF CADETS OF THE DEPARTMENTAL INSTITUTE
Authors: Sitdikova Olesya , Kabirova Milyausha , Kudashkina Natalia , Sitdikov Favil
Published: November 2021

Subject. Dental diseases are a frequent companion of distress, since the negative impact of psychoemotional stress on the immune status of cadets is reflected in changes in the microflora of the oral cavity and periodontal [4, 9].

The aim of the study is to evaluate the results of using the developed gel for the preven-tion and treatment of inflammatory periodontal diseases in cadets who are under psychoemotional stress.

Methodology. The group of examined persons consisted of 245 people-cadets of 1–4 courses of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation. After the dental exami-nation, the cadets were divided into 2 groups: 26 cadets were found to have gingivi-tis/periodontitis of mild severity (group I), and 45 cadets without periodontal lesions (group II) served as a comparison group. The study included psychological testing, clarification of the state of their vegetative reactions and cortisol content in saliva, molecular genetic deter-mination of the composition of the most common periodontal pathogenic bacteria of the dentoalveolar furrow and enzyme immunoassay of the content of pro-inflammatory cytokines in saliva, cell-regulatory and immunosuppressive effects.

Results.The application of the gel helps to correct the phenomena of depression, while it affects the frequency of relapses of diseases.The effect of the application on the frequency of detection of periodontal pathogenic bacteria in cadets is manifested in relation to Tanerella forsythia and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans in the absence of depression, but in the presence of periodontal lesions. When the phenomena of gingivitis/periodontitis of mild se-verity occurred against the background of depression, the effects of using dental gel were in the form of a decrease in the occurrence of these bacteria. There was a significant drop in the oral fluid of IL-12 in the group with depression and periodontal disease, as well as IL-10 in the group without depression, but with mild gingivitis/periodontitis.

Conclusions. The developed dental gel is recommended both for the phenomena of de-pression and in cases of mild gingivitis/periodontitis against the background of psychoemotional stress.
FEATURES OF THE CLINICAL STATE OF PERIODONTAL TISSUES IN YOUNG PEOPLE
Authors: Usmanova Irina , Al-Qufaish M.A.M. , Kuznetsova Lilia , Shangareeva Alia , Kashina Sofia , Usmanov Irek , Tkachenko Elena , Osipenko Albina
Published: November 2021

Relevance of the research topic. The authors found that various risk factors play a leading role in changing the clinical state of periodontal tissues. The aim is a comparative assessment of the clinical condition of periodontal tissues based on the correlation of hygienic and periodontal indices depending on age. Material and methods. A comprehensive clinical examination of 765 young people was conducted. The main group consisted of 70 (66.6%) patients with diagnosed chronic gingivitis and 145 (33.35%) patients with mild initial periodontitis due to the presence of conditionally pathogenic and periodontopathogenic types of microorganisms in the microbial biofilm. The control group was formed by 83 patients whose index evaluation revealed the condition of periodontal tissues in the form of clinically healthy gums with intact periodontal and clinically healthy gums with periodontal tissue loss, respectively, in 61.4 and 38.6% of cases of observations. Study results. In 61.4% of persons forming groups with clinically healthy gums, hygienic and periodontal indices are within normal values, in 38.6% of cases of persons there is a tendency to change them from the norm. In 47.7% and 52.3% of cases of individuals with gingivitis and in 48.3% and 51.7% of individuals with initial periodontitis, the OHI-S index correlates with the indicators of PMA, GI and SBI (p < 0.001, p = 0.315).

Conclusions. Thus, the revealed changes in the indicators of hygienic and periodontal indices (the Chuprov conjugacy coefficient is 0.64 (p = 0.012), the Kraskel-Wallis criterion (H = 7.89, p < 0.05) makes it possible to clearly determine the clinical condition of periodontal tissues corresponding to modern European criteria.
EFFICIENCY OF COMBINATIONS OF ORAL HYGIENE PRODUCTS IN CHILDREN AT DIFFERENT LEVEL OF ANTHROPOGENIC LOAD
Authors: Samatova Ravilya , Safina Roza , Ahmetova Guzel
Published: November 2021

Prevention of dental caries in children occupies one of the first places in pediatric dentistry. Indeed, during the period of tertiary mineralization of the enamel, it is necessary to pay special attention to the mineralization of the enamel of the teeth. The most urgent issue is the prevention of dental caries at this time. Correctly selected basic and additional oral hygiene products have a preventive effect. Dental caries has a multifactorial etiology. It can be a genetic factor, eating of carbohydrate foods and sugars in large amounts , poor oral hygiene,ecology and others. It has been proven that the technogenic load of the environment negatively affects the dental health of children. The children are most sensitive to environmental influences. The purpose of this work was to determine the most effective preventive action of the selected combinations of oral hygiene products for children of primary school age who were born and live in areas under different anthropogenic loads.

Methodology. Various combinations of basic and additional oral hygiene products for primary school children, containing fluorine and amorphous nanohydroxyapatite, have been proposed. Studied: enamel caries resistance, oral fluid pH, oral fluid microcrystallization, tooth electrical conductivity, etc. According to the results of the study, the most effective combinations of oral hygiene products were selected for dental caries prevention of the primary school children who were born and live at different levels of anthropogenic load. The children and their parents were trained in the correct methodology for oral care and proper nutrition.
On the Development in the Saratov Region of the Public Movement of Law Enforcement «Young Friend of Police»
Authors:   Head of the Department of Organization of Activities of District Police Officers and Divisions for Juveniles of the Main Directorate of the Ministry Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation in the Saratov region, Perepelova Elena A. , Astapovich Olesya A. ,   Senior Research Scientist of the Training Group of the Academic and Teaching Personnel and Scientific Personnel of the Scientific Secretary Office (AUS) of the National Research Institute of the Penal System of the Russian Federation
Published: November 2021

Protection of the rights of minors is a priority and integral part of the policy of our state. In this regard, the Main Directorate of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia for the Saratov Region, within its competence, is constantly implementing comprehensive measures to prevent juvenile delinquency and family problems, in particular, we are talking about creating, in cooperation with the education authorities, the «Young Friend of Police» detachments.
Conciliation Procedures Involving Minors in Criminal Proceedings
Authors:   Chief Research Scientist of the Scientific Center for the Study of Justice Problems of the Russian State University of Justice LL.D., Associate Professor, Markovicheva Elena V.
Published: November 2021

The article reveals the possibilities of using conciliation technologies on minors in Russian criminal proceedings. The author analyzes the statutes of the draft law aimed at reforming the criminal procedure law and assesses the prospects for the use of special conciliation procedures as an alternative to criminal prosecution of minors.
TAʿLĪM AL-LUĠAH AL-ʿARABIYYAH FĪ AL-MAʿĀHID AL-ISLĀMIYYAH FĪ INDŪNĪSIYYĀ
Authors: Sa'adah Noor
Published: November 2021

This study aims to describe the academic material in Arabic teaching in the salaf and the modern Institutions, and describe the similarities and differences of Arabic teaching in both of them.The study  used  a qualitative.  In this  study  the  data  were  collected  by  using  interviews, observation, and documentation. To analyze  the  data,  the  researcher  used  the  interactive  technique  of  Miles  and Huberman,  while  to  test the  validity  of  the  data,  the  method  of  triangulation  technique  was  used.The result of the study shows the following: (1) The Arabic teaching materials in Rasyidiyah Khalidiyah Islamic boarding schools consist of 10 subjects, while in the Raudhatut Thalibin only consist of 5 subjects. The Rasyidiyah Khalidiyah boarding schools use theory of integrated and separated system in their Arabic teaching materials, while the Raudhatut Thalibin use separated system theory; (2) The instructional method engaged in Arabic teaching is the eclectic method. The teaching use concrete (indrawi) media. Both oral and written test were applied in the evaluation system; (3) The kinds of language environment applied in Arabic teaching in Rasyidiyah Kalidiyah Islamic boarding school consist of the environment of listening and reading. While speaking, reading and listening environments, were applied in Raudhatut Thalibin Islamic boarding school.Keywor
ASMĀ' AL-A'DĀD WA KINĀYĀTUHA FĪ AL-QUR'AN AL-KARĪM (DIRĀSAH TAHLĪLIYYAH NAHWIYYAH)
Authors: Mahmudah Rezeka Ma'rifatul
Published: November 2021

In the types of words there is a chapter on numerals and their kinayah. It is widely used in Arabic, either in conversation or in Arabic texts. The purpose in this research is to describe the number words and their kinayah, as well as the form of the number word phrase and the position of the number word and its kinayah in the verse of the holy Quran. The type in this research is library research with a content analysis design (adapted from Krippendorf) because it is based on the data sources in this study in the form of documents. The primary data in this study was the holy Quran and the secondary data in this study were taken from books related to the research. And the results of this study, 1. Quantity of number word 37 words in the Quran 2. Quantity of kinayah number in the Quran 4 words 3. Quantity of  position number 17 verse in the Quran 4. Quantity of position kinayah number 6 verse in the Quran.
Estimation of present-day strength of concrete for a 40-yearold building from non-destructive tests: A case study
Authors: Karmakar Soubhagya , Dauji Saha , Kshirsagar Sandeep Shankar , Sahni Satish Kumar , Bhargav Kapilesh , Mahapatra Kamalendu
Published: November 2021

Assessment of the present health of existing concrete structures is necessary, particularly for enhancing the life of the infrastructure facilities reaching the end of their design life. The codes stipulate establishment of site-specific correlation expressions to estimate the compressive strength of concrete from indirect non-destructive tests (NDT) such as rebound hammer or ultrasonic pulse velocity tests. However, in certain circumstances, requisite number of partially destructive (core) tests required for establishing the site-specific equations might not be feasible. In such scenario, selection of a suitable correlation expression from literature has to be performed in a rational way, as discussed in this article with a case study of a 40-year-old concrete building. From the study, it has been observed that for the limited number of direct tests, the Indian code stipulation resulted in higher characteristic strength of concrete as compared to the parametric estimation, which can be attributed to the assumption of Normal distribution and code stipulated (conservative) standard deviation value. In case of the indirect estimation cases, the parametric characteristic strength was pretty close to the corresponding non-parametric values indicating that the fitted distributions represented the strength values very well. Recommendations for the suitable correlation expression from literature applicable for estimation of equivalent strength from NDT for the structure, recommendation for characteristic compressive strength of concrete and the suggestions for accounting for the inaccuracies in estimated strength in subsequent structural re-analysis have been provided from the results of the study.
Sentiment Analysis on Government Performance in Tourism During The COVID-19 Pandemic Period With Lexicon Based
Authors: Priadana Adri , Rizal Ahmad Ashril
Published: November 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic impact has affected all industries in Indonesia and even the world, including the tourism industry. Researchers have a role in researching to answer the needs of the tourism industry, especially in making tourism and business destination management programs and carrying out activities oriented to meet the needs of the tourism industry. Meanwhile, the government has a role in making policies, especially in the roadmap, for developing the tourism industry. This study aims to track trending topics in social media Instagram since COVID-19 hit. The results of trending topics will be classified by sentiment analysis using a Lexicon-based and Naive Bayes Classifier. Based on Instagram data taken since January 2020, it shows the five highest topics in the tourism sector, namely health protocols, hotels, homes, streets, and beaches. Of the five topics, sentiment analysis was carried out with the Lexicon-based and Naive Bayes classifier, showing that beaches get an incredibly positive sentiment, namely 80.87%, and hotels provide the highest negative sentiment 57.89%. The accuracy of the Confusion matrix's sentiment results shows that the accuracy, precision, and recall are 82.53%, 86.99%, and 83.43%, respectively.
Analysis of Landing Airplane Queue Systems at Juanda International Airport Surabaya
Authors: Farida Yuniar , Akbar Fadilah , Hafiyusholeh Moh. , Hartono Moh.
Published: November 2021

Juanda International Airport is currently preparing to realize the construction of terminal 3. This construction project impression that Juanda Airport is experiencing an overload, including in the airplane queue. This study aims to analyze the current queuing system at the Juanda International Airport apron, whether effective, quite effective, or less effective in serving the number of existing flights with two terminals. An analysis of the queuing system was conducted in several scenarios. They are in normal/regular condition, a scenario if there is an increase in flight frequency, and a scenario if there is a reduction in aprons’ number because of certain exceptional situations. To analyze the airplane’s landing queue at Juanda airport apron, the queuing model (M/M/51) : (FCFS/∞/∞) is used. From this model, the results show that in normal conditions, the estimated waiting time for each airplane in the system is 0.18 hours with a queue of 2 up to 3 planes/hour, categorized as effective. In one apron reduction scenario, each airplane’s estimated waiting time in the system is 0.7 hours, with a queue of 6 up to 7 planes categorized as less effective. In the scenario of additional flights, only 9 other flights are allowed every day to keep the service performance still quite effective. By obtaining this results analysis, the decision of PT. Angkasa Pura 1 (Persero) to build terminal 3 is suitable to reduce queuing time and improve Juanda International Airport services to be more effective.
Modeling Length of Hospital Stay for Patients With COVID-19 in West Sumatra Using Quantile Regression Approach
Authors: Yanuar Ferra , Deva Athifa Salsabila , Maiyastri Maiyastri , Yozza Hazmira , Zetra Aidinil
Published: November 2021

This study aims to construct the model for the length of hospital stay for patients with COVID-19 using quantile regression and Bayesian quantile approaches. The quantile regression models the relationship at any point of the conditional distribution of the dependent variable on several independent variables. The Bayesian quantile regression combines the concept of quantile analysis into the Bayesian approach. In the Bayesian approach, the Asymmetric Laplace Distribution (ALD) distribution is used to form the likelihood function as the basis for formulating the posterior distribution. All 688 patients with COVID-19 treated in M. Djamil Hospital and Universitas Andalas Hospital in Padang City between March-July 2020 were used in this study. This study found that the Bayesian quantile regression method results in a smaller 95% confidence interval and higher value than the quantile regression method. It is concluded that the Bayesian quantile regression method tends to yield a better model than the quantile method. Based on the Bayesian quantile regression method, it investigates that the length of hospital stay for patients with COVID-19 in West Sumatra is significantly influenced by Age, Diagnoses status, and Discharge status.
A Study of Count Regression Models for Mortality Rate
Authors: Fitrianto Anwar
Published: November 2021

This paper discusses how overdispersed count data to be fit. Poisson regression model, Negative Binomial 1 regression model (NEGBIN 1) and Negative Binomial regression 2 (NEGBIN 2) model were proposed to fit mortality rate data. The method used is comparing the values of Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) and Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC) to find out which method suits the data the most. The results show that the data indeed display higher variability. Among the three models, the model preferred is NEGBIN 1 model.
Entrevista al Dr. Arq. Josep María Montaner
Authors: Castro Marcucci Andrea
Published: November 2021

El Dr. Arq. Josep María Montaner es una referencia implícita para todos los que se aventuran a emprender el viaje hacia la comprensión de la arquitectura. Su libro La Condición Contemporánea de la Arquitectura (2015) fue el primer impulso a la temática del presente número de Anales de Investigación en Arquitectura y la puerta de entrada a las infinitas miradas que se producen en la arquitectura actual. Con el paso de las dos primeras décadas del siglo XXI, el gesto arquitectónico que caracterizó el final del siglo XX parece haber llegado a su fin, dando paso a una realidad cada vez más compleja, dispersa e inestable. La arquitectura parece estar buscando su lugar, ese que le permita adaptarse a la liquidez de lo contemporáneo. Para algunos autores, la postmodernidad se ha diluido, mientras que, para otros, la sociedad sigue anclada a ella. Lo relevante es que la actualidad la hace operar en otros campos, más amplios, transdisciplinares, en diálogo constante. La arquitectura contemporánea ha asumido el reto de dialogar con la filosofía, la literatura, la política, la sociología y en los últimos años con la ecología, economía, la analítica de datos, los mass media e incluso el marketing.Como resultado, se vislumbran arquitecturas impregnadas de esta condición que, al no poder tomar una definición conceptual, se ha definido desde su tiempo, lo contemporáneo.
The Plea Bargaining System as a Criminalization Model Under the Law Number 19 Year of 2016 on Electronic Information and Transaction Act and the Dignified Justice
Authors: Wardana Rinto
Published: November 2021

From the perspective of economic analysis of law theory, the increasing number of criminal convictions  would indicate that the Indonesian  criminal Code and regulations have not been  effective in reducing the rate of crimes. By combining a preliminary hearing, hearing of cases through a special route and the application of the principle of bargaining for sentence in the plea bargaining system, a new mechanism may be formulated in the Indonesia criminal justice proceedings. This criminal justice approach employs the dignified justice principle (teori keadilan bermartabat) approach, whereby, the trial of cases using a preliminary hearing as a special route under a sole judge that is intended for an accused who pleads guilty and bargains for a sentence. Accordingly, this research attempts  to explore the use of the principles of the plea bargaining system as a criminal justice model under the Law Number 19 year of 2016 on the Electronic Information and Transaction Act (“EIT Act”). Equally important, this research employs the juridical-normative method, statute, case, and conceptual approaches in order to obtain a comprehensive result. 
Strengthening the Law on the Construction of High-rise Building That is Beneficial to Support National Development
Authors: Tanuhendrata Michael Sofian , Irawati Jovita , Budi Henry Soelistyo
Published: November 2021

The number of high-rise buildings in the big cities of Indonesia is increasing along with land being more limited and its prices being very high. Most of these high-rise buildings are in Jakarta and some of them are facing the risk of building failure that may cause business and operation interruption.  These buildings that have been erected and operating need to receive regular maintenance and supervision to ensure the building's condition and safety. Many building owners and managers do not conduct and plan maintenance and supervision properly causing these buildings of being at risk of fire and building structure – mechanical failure / damage. For this reason, rigorous regulations, and its enforcement in building construction and maintenance are needed to ensure that these buildings operate reliably and encourage building owners and facility manager to comply with them properly. Cultivated Penalty and strict sanctions need to be renewed and must be implemented properly by Government bodies and local authority. Building Audit Institute can be formed to assist the central government and local governments (Governor) in carrying out their functions to ensure the safety and security of buildings, including their users. Strengthening existing laws and regulations will greatly assist in law enforcement and certainty for owners, building managers and building users, which in turn will support national development.
Prescription Drugs Price Setting and Generic Drugs Prescription concerning Consumer Protection Law in Indonesia
Authors: Jatemin Jenny , Irawati Jovita
Published: November 2021

Health is one of the most important human rights in human life. Access to affordable prescription drugs is still a problem for people with out-of-pocket expenses. Generic prescription drugs that are much cheaper than non-generic drugs are still low, especially in non-government healthcare facilities. This research aims to provide suggestions of regulation on price control of prescription drugs and generic prescription drugs that will assure certainty and affordability for the public. The methodology is doctrinal legal research and is supported by empirical studies. The research finding consist of two things, namely the price of prescription drugs and the prescription of generic drugs. The first finding is that Highest Retail Price (HET) set by the manufacturer is potentially to be unlimited because there is no limit control. Currently, there are many drugs sold over HET with minimal supervision from the Government. The absence of law is found as the existing regulations are only for those listed in the National Formulary, while the rest have not been regulated. Therefore, the suggestion is to set ceiling prices for prescription drugs with comparison among generic drugs, branded generic drugs, and the originator; also create a refund mechanism for prices above HET to assure the consumers’ rights to get compensation under the Consumer Protection Law. The second finding is that only a few doctors prescribe generic drugs. Additionally, patients have not been involved in the treatment decisions.Therefore, the suggestion is to associate "the action of prescribing generic drugs" with the extension of doctor's license, namelythe Registration Certificate (STR); so that doctors will prescribe generic drugs without the need for close supervision due to their interests. With the increase of generic drugs’ prescription, the financing of health services, nationwide as well asindividually, can become more affordable.
Op de raaklijn tussen het historische en literaire. Het Vlaamse koloniale proza tot 1960 toegelicht door Luc Renders
Authors: Czarnecka Bożena
Published: November 2021

Publications on Dutch literature about the Belgian Congo that have appeared to date are fragmentary and scattered across scholarly as well as cultural journals, collected volumes, and conference proceedings. There are practically no comprehensive studies on the history of Flemish colonial literature. Koloniseren om te beschaven. Het Nederlandstalige Congoproza van 1596 tot 1960, a recently released book by Luc Renders, aspires to redress this gap in research. Renders’ book can be considered the first as wide-ranging and detailed literary-historical exploration of pre-1960 colonial literature, which is presented against an extensive historical background. Crucially, Renders not only compiles the existing research on colonial writings in Dutch, but also contributes to it in an important way.
De wind in de zeilen hebben – “chwytać wiatr w żagle”. Nederlandse en Poolse metaforen uit de scheepvaart in vergelijking
Authors: Popławska Beata
Published: November 2021

This article underlines the great impact of navigation on the Dutch language. It contains a large number of Dutch maritime expressions and other terms derived from navigation and used in everyday language. The main aim of this article is to propose two different divisions of Dutch maritime idioms, which may clarify their figurative meaning. Furthermore, the author compares Dutch maritime metaphors to Polish examples, and eventually makes an attempt to answer the question whether Dutch maritime expressions were borrowed by Polish. There are many different Dutch loanwords (technical terminology) in Polish connected to navigation (eg. ship equipment elements).
Nocturnal Epilepsy dan Dislokasi Sendi Bahu Anterior Bilateral Berulang
Authors: Islamiyah Wardah Rahmatul , Fatimah Ersifa , Kusumastuti Kurnia
Published: November 2021

Pendahuluan: Penyandang epilepsi sering mengalami cedera pada saat serangan. Tipe bangkitan tonik dan kontraksi kuat dari anggota gerak pada saat serangan seringkali menyebabkan cedera otot pada sendi dan tulang, sehingga menyebabkan dislokasi dan fraktur. Kontraksi hebat pada sekelompok otot dapat menyebabkan dislokasi dan instabilitas sendi bahu. Kejadian dislokasi sendi bahu bilateral patognomonis disebabkan oleh karena kejang. Akan tetapi pada umunya bentuk dislokasi pascakejang berupa dislokasi bahu posterior bilateral.  Laporan kasus berikut akan menyampaikan kejadian dislokasi sendi bahu anterior bilateral berulang pada penyandang nocturnal epilepsy. Kasus ini jarang terjadi dan diharapkan meningkatkan kewaspadaan klinisi dalam merawat penyandang epilepsi.  Kasus: Laki-laki 22 tahun dikonsulkan oleh spesialis bedah orthopedi dengan diagnosis dislokasi sendi bahu anterior berulang. Pasien sudah mengalami dislokasi sebanyak empat kali dalam satu tahun terakhir. Dislokasi bahu selalu terjadi setelah serangan kejang di malam hari ketika pasien tidur. Pasien rutin mengkonsumsi obat phenytoin dengan frekuensi serangan 3 – 4  bulan sekali setiap tidur malam. Pasien menginginkan kejadian ini tidak terulang lagi. Penggantian obat antiepilepsi yang tepat dan memiliki efek samping minimal pada tulang membantu mencegah terjadinya komplikasi dislokasi seperti ini.  Kesimpulan: Dislokasi sendi bahu anterior bilateral berulang merupakan bentuk cedera pascabangkitan yang jarang terjadi. Pemilihan jenis antikejang yang tepat, upaya kontrol kejang yang baik dan penatalaksanaan multidisiplin dapat membantu mencegah terjadinya komplikasi berulang pada kasus serupa.
THE RELATIONSHIP OF ORGANIZATIONAL FACTORS AND COMPLIANCE LEVEL IN THE APPLICATION OF STANDARD PRECAUTIONS
Authors: Sahri Moch. , Zuhro Ramdhoni , Hutapea Octavianus , Dwimarisiana Warsiki
Published: November 2021

Background: Infection prevention around health care facilities is one of the efforts to minimize infection in patients, officers, visitors, and communities. One of the efforts to prevent infection is to apply standard precautions. Purpose: To determine the effect of organizational factors on the level of compliance of health workers in implementing standard precautions. Method: There were 83 respondents. The sampling technique uses simple random sampling. The dependent variable is the level of compliance with the application of standard precautions. The independent variables are policies, procedures, facilities, training, monitoring, and safety climate. Data analysis using correlation test and regression test to determine the effect between variables. Result: There was a relationship between facilities and the level of compliance (p = 0.030), there was a relationship between training and compliance (p = 0.027), there was a relationship between the safety climate and the level of compliance (p = 0,009). The influence test shows that the climate safety factor (p = 0.007) and facilities (p = 0.020) have a significant effect on the level of compliance. Conclusion: There is a relationship between facilities training and safety climate with the level of compliance of officers in the application of standard precautions in hospitals. The factor that most influences the level of compliance with the application of standard precautions is the safety climate.
Bimbingan Teknis RPP Bermuatan Karakter Rasa Ingin Tahu, Kreatif, dan Komunikatif Bagi Guru SMPN 1 Paramasan
Authors: Sari Mella Mutika , Pasani Chairil Faif , Yulinda Ratna
Published: November 2021

Tujuan kegiatan ini adalah untuk memberikan informasi dan bimbingan dalam menyusun Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran (RPP) bermuatan karakter rasa ingin tahu, kreatif, dan komunikatif bagi guru SMPN 1 Paramasan. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan berdasarkan hasil diskusi bersama 15 orang guru diperoleh informasi bahwa para guru belum pernah menyusun RPP bermuatan kemampuan karakter rasa ingin tahu, kreatif, dan komunikatif. Guru-guru masih dominan terfokus pada kemampuan kognitif dalam menyusun RPP. Metode Pelaksanaan kegiatan ini berdasarkan pada beberapa langkah kegiatan observasi, persiapan, penyusunan panduan bimbingan teknis penyusunan RPP, pelaksanaan bimbingan teknis, dan evaluasi kegiatan. RPP yang disusun pada kegiatan ini menyesuaikan dengan kemampuan peserta didik dan kondisi lingkungan sekolah. Setelah dilakukan kegiatan bimbingan teknis (bimtek) ini, guru-guru mendapatkan informasi karakter rasa ingin tahu, kreatif dan komunikatif; guru-guru mampu mendeskripsikan indikator dari karakter rasa ingin tahu, kreatif dan komunikatif sebagai amanat dari kurikulum 2013; dan guru-guru mampu menyusun lembar penilaian karakter peserta didik dalam proses pembelajaran. The purpose of this activity is to provide information and guidance in preparing a Learning Implementation Plan (RPP) filled with curiosity, creative, and communicative characters for teachers of SMPN 1 Paramasan. This activity was carried out based on the results of discussions with 15 teachers, it was obtained information that the teachers had never prepared lesson plans containing the character abilities of curiosity, creativity, and communicativeness. Teachers are still dominantly focused on cognitive abilities in preparing lesson plans. Methods The implementation of this activity is based on several steps of observation, preparation, preparation of technical guidance guidelines for preparing RPP, implementation of technical guidance, and evaluation of activities. The lesson plans prepared in this activity are adjusted to the abilities of students and the conditions of the school environment. After carrying out this technical guidance (bimtek) activity, teachers get information on the character of curiosity, creativity and communicativeness; teachers are able to describe indicators of the character of curiosity, creative and communicative as the mandate of the 2013 curriculum; and teachers are able to compile student character assessment sheets in the learning process.
Edukasi Pola Hidup Bersih dan Sehat Pada Anak-anak di Masa Pandemi
Authors: Pranatami Dwimei Ayudewandari , Akmalia Hafidha Asni , Rofiah Ndzani Latifatur
Published: November 2021

Kemunculan virus Corona yang diawali dari tahun 2020 lalu membuat semua segi kehidupan terdampak. Penerapan protokol kesehatan menjadi salah satu cara yang paling ampuh untuk menekan angka kasus covid-19 di Indonesia. Tujuan dilaksanakan edukasi pola hidup bersih dan sehat pada anak-anak adalah untuk membimbing agar anak-anak lebih sadar dan berhati-hati dalam melakukan kegiatan di tengah pandemi sebagai bentuk pencegahan terhadap virus Corona. Pada kegiatan ini dilakukan edukasi terhadap anak-anak dengan metode pemberian materi, games dan praktik mencuci tangan dengan benar. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa 90% anak dapat menjawab pertanyaan dan menyusun kata terkait pola hidup bersih dan sehat sehingga anak-anak mengetahui cara cuci tangan dengan baik, memilah sampah dan menjaga perilaku hidup sehat di rumah, di lingkungan serta di sekolah. Kegiatan ini juga diharapkan dapat mendorong kesadaran masyarakat secara umum untuk menerapkan Pola Hidup Bersih dan Sehat demi meminimasilasi dan mencegah penularan virus Corona; membantu pemerintah dalam menggalakkan program pola hidup bersih dan sehat di masa pandemi; dan menginisiasi keberlanjutan program pola hidup bersih dan sehat di masyarakat. The emergence of the Coronavirus, which began in 2020, has affected all aspects of life. Implementing health protocols is one of the most effective ways to reduce the number of COVID-19 cases in Indonesia. The purpose of implementing clean and healthy lifestyle education for children is to guide them so that they are more aware and careful in carrying out activities during a pandemic as a form of prevention against the Coronavirus. In this activity, education was carried out for children to provide materials, games, and direct practice. After attending the education, the children become aware of washing their hands, sorting waste, and maintaining a healthy lifestyle at home, in the neighbourhood, and at school. This activity is also expected to encourage public awareness, in general, to implement a Clean and Healthy Lifestyle to minimize and prevent the transmission of the Coronavirus; assist the government in promoting the Clean and Healthy Lifestyle program during the pandemic, and initiate the sustainability of the Clean and Healthy Lifestyle program in the community.
An Assessment of Starch Composition and Gelatinization in Traditional and Non-traditional Dog Food Formulations
Authors: Perry Erin , Valach Alyssa Ann , Francis Jesse Marie , Moore George E
Published: November 2021

Gelatinization of starch content in pet foods can be impacted by several factors including moisture, retention time, and ingredients used. Starch gelatinization has been associated with digestibility but isn’t well studied using ingredients common in non-traditional canine diets. The objective of this research was to examine the impacts of dietary ingredient profile (traditional vs non-traditional) and assess impacts to total starch content and starch gelatinization. Traditional diets (n = 10) utilizing meat-based ingredients including chicken, chicken by-product meal, meat and bone meal and plant-based ingredients including rice, barley, oats, and corn were examined in comparison with non-traditional diets (n = 10) utilizing meat-based ingredients including alligator, buffalo, venison, kangaroo, squid, quail, rabbit, rabbit and salmon along with plant-based ingredients including tapioca, peas, chickpeas, lentils, potato, and pumpkin. Representative samples were collected via grab sample technique (5 samples/diet) and were assessed for total starch content as well as percent starch gelatinization. Difference between ingredient type was assessed using a Students t-test in SAS 9.4. Significance was set at P < 0.05. Distribution of total starch content based on ingredient type (traditional vs non-traditional) revealed that mean total starch content was higher in traditional diets as compared to non-traditional diets (P <0.0001). Conversely, starch gelatinization was found to be higher in non-traditional diets (P < 0.0001). Total starch content and total gelatinized starch had a strong negative correlation (P < 0.01) in traditional diets, though no correlation was observed in non-traditional diets. This negative correlation indicates a decrease in total gelatinized starch associated with increased total starch content. These novel data reveal important differences between starch content and gelatinization and could impact manufacturing processes for ingredient types as well as feeding recommendations. Unpredicted variation between ingredient formulations could potentially lead to decreased digestibility and absorption and may result in nutrient deficiencies.
Effect of Enhanced UV-B Radiation on Fruit Maturity and Quality, and Leaf Photosynthesis in ' Guifei ' Mango
Authors: Lin Xiaokai , Liao Haizhi , Du Jingjia , Peng Junjie , Zhou Kaibing
Published: November 2021

(1) Background: Investigating the characteristics of photosynthetic physiological changes of leaves in Mangifera indica L. cv. 'GuIfei' under enhanced UV-B radiation, natural light exposed trees were regarded as control, and 96 kJ·m-2·d-1enhanced UV-B radiation was artificially simulated in the field; (2) Methods: The changes of fruit maturity and fruit quality, leaf net photosynthetic rate (Pn), photosynthetic pigments contents, photochemical reaction, activities of photosynthetic enzymes and their genes expressions were determined; (3) Results: Compared with CK, the percentage of mature fruits of the treatment was significantly increased, and fruit quality was better. The net photosynthetic rate (Pn), the contents of photosynthetic pigment, Hill reaction activity and photochemical quenching coefficient (qP) of the treatment leaves showed a significantly higher trend than CK. The activities of Rubisco and RCA, and the expression of Rubisco genes rbcL and rbcS were significantly increased; (4) Conclusions: 96 kJ·m-2·d-1 enhanced UV-B radiation treatment improved Rubisco activity through increasing the expression of Rubisco genes rbcL and rbcS, thereby enhancing the CO2-fixing capacity and dark reaction capacity of leaves. Based on this, it raised the net photosynthetic rate of leaves, which promoted the early maturity of 'Guifei' mango by the fast accumulating photosynthetic products.
Matching and integration of data about Russian research organizations from multilingual data sources
Authors: Apanovich Zinaida Vladimirovna
Published: November 2021

Information about research organizations is an important attribute that enables identifying authors of scientific publications, as well as analyzing the geographical distribution of publications and assessing the impact on the citation of publications associated with a geographic factor. Unfortunately, information on national research-related organizations is often incomplete or distorted in international databases. This applies, in particular, to Russian research organizations represented in English-language databases. The paper presents experiments on data matching and integration about Russian research organizations in multilingual data sources. Data sources such as GRID, Wikipedia, Wikidata and eLIBRARY.ru are considered.
Structure of the journal citation network Math-Net.Ru
Authors: Pechnikov Andrey Anatolievich , Chebukov Dmitry Evgenievch
Published: November 2021

According to the portal Math-Net.Ru a graph of journal citation is constructed. To increase the reliability of the model, the citation time interval was chosen from 2010 to 2021, when the distribution of citation articles stabilized at the level of 3500-4500 citations per year. The structure of link aging is studied and it is shown that their half-life is equal to 8 years. Therefore, the publication date of the cited articles was limited to 2002. For the constructed citation graph, the main properties, such as a small diameter and a high density, are obtained, indicating a high level of scientific communication in the Math-Net.Ru. Adequacy of the journal citation graph Math-Net.Ru as a model of scientific communication confirmed by comparing the ranking of journals in the citation graph with their SCIENCE INDEX rating in eLIBRARY.RU. A direct moderate relationship between the two rankings is shown. A number of meaningful conclusions are drawn from the analysis of the citation graph.
Features of the E-Government Services Development in the COVID-19 Pandemic Context
Authors: Belyi Vladislav Aleksandrovich , Chugunov Andrei Vladimirovich
Published: November 2021

The article analyses the features of the state electronic services development based on the results of a St Petersburg residents survey. The survey, the main purpose of which was to identify the opinion of citizens about the relevance, level of trust and attitude towards the services of Smart City, was conducted in March 2020, in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic. We used the data from previous studies for a comparative analysis of the Smart City concept development. As a result, we identified the most popular electronic services, as well as the factors that influence the success of their implementation. The results showed that the most relevant services for the residents of St. Petersburg are electronic services in the healthcare and medicine (78%), safe city services (70%), two types of electronic services in the field of transport: for passengers of public transport (63%) and owners of personal vehicles (61%). The parameters of functionality, trust and development of services are determined and analyzed additionally.