bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diagnostics of the critical heat flux state of a VVER reactor based on a channel steaming model *
Authors: Kachur Svetlana A.
Published: June 2019

The purpose of the study is to develop a model for predicting the process of a critical heat flux state with the VVER reactor core channel steaming. The model describes the dynamics of the nuclear reactor behavior in conditions of uncertainty, which are typical of abnormal situations, based on information on the process of heat exchange in the core process channels.

The use of the proposed model leads to an increase in the speed of response due to a simplified procedure to calculate the parameters of the heat exchange process in the reactor core. The quality of the reactor state assessment is improved through the prediction of the heat exchange process parameters and determination of the critical heat flux parameters in the core prior to the onset of surface boiling the potentiality of which is not predicted in modern VVER in-core monitoring systems.

A modification of the mathematical model has been proposed which offers the simplest possible way of using the advantages of neural networks in diagnostics. The model can be used to develop systems for diagnostics of in-core anomalies and systems for adaptive control of the VVER-type reactor thermal power.
Perception du geste et « dansité » du texte littéraire en français langue étrangère à l’université
Authors: Borgé Nathalie
Published: June 2019

L’article aborde la tension entre texte et mouvement et propose de réfléchir sur l’émergence d’une plus grande appropriation du texte littéraire au sens d’incorporation kinésique. Partant du postulat qu’un travail sur la lecture du mouvement et sur la perception du geste dansé à partir des textes littéraires pouvait rendre « Babel heureuse », l’étude montre que ce travail rend moins opaque une langue littéraire parfois peu accessible pour des apprenants de français. Dans la suite des travaux menés sur l’intelligence kinésique et la corporéité du texte littéraire, elle développe les enjeux pédagogiques d’une démarche articulant littérature et perception du geste dansé à partir de l’œuvre de Samuel Beckett et de la chorégraphique May B de Maguy Marin dans des dispositifs d’apprentissage de français comme langue étrangère. Le fait de regarder la mise en scène chorégraphique du texte permet-il une meilleure compréhension de l’œuvre littéraire en langue-cible ? Que devient le texte littéraire à l’aune de l’œuvre chorégraphique ?
Gestes de lecture et d’écriture : vivre les poèmes dans la voix
Authors: Cosnier-Laffage Frédérique
Published: June 2019

Certains travaux récents de didactique de la lecture – et plus généralement de la littérature – appellent à prendre en compte le grand oublié que serait le corps du lecteur, dans une approche gestuelle voire chorégraphique des textes. Cette revendication parait fructueuse, mais à la condition qu’elle permette de travailler à une théorie du langage. L’étude tente d’apporter un éclairage sur la notion de geste telle qu’elle peut être appréhendée à travers les concepts de sujet du poème et de voix. On s’appuie pour cela sur des éléments de critique théorique (Dessons, Martin, Meschonnic), sur l’observation et l’écoute d’une performance dansée (Desbrusses) et l’on propose quelques orientations didactiques où la notion d’expérience est centrale et remet en question celle de l’interprétation.
Quelles gestualités pour s’en sortir sans sortir du langage ?
Authors: Martin Serge
Published: June 2019

La gestualité d’une œuvre littéraire peut être observée en augmentant l’attention à son dire plus qu’à son dit. Par exemple, la geste de l’écriture de Diop dans son roman  Frères d’âme (2018) est bien celle d’un abandon à l’inconnu du geste prosodique, de la voix, de sa force. C’est cette danse des voix que les œuvres littéraires et artistiques qui poussent à dire, engagent. Avec les œuvres, il s’agit alors d’abandonner le paradigme interprétatif/explicatif pour lui préférer celui des gestes continués comme réénonciations. C’est à cette tradition trop étouffée que cet article fait appel pour que se renouvèlent les lectures-écritures qui ainsi feront place à une écoute libre de ce qui fait le vivant de la littérature et des arts. On apercevra que l’enjeu est bien éthique, politique et poétique…
Le récit métropolitain : une légende urbaine
Authors: Bouba-Olga Olivier , Grossetti Michel
Published: June 2019

En matière de développement économique des territoires, il nous semble qu’un récit s’est imposé depuis quelques années, selon lequel l’avenir serait aux « métropoles ». Pour rivaliser dans la compétition mondiale, il conviendrait donc de les soutenir, les autres territoires ayant alors vocation à se positionner sur une économie dite « présentielle » et/ou à bénéficier des transferts sociaux que permettrait de solvabiliser le supplément de croissance ainsi obtenu. Nous proposons dans ce texte d’interroger ce récit métropolitain, qui selon nous ne résiste pas à l’épreuve des faits. Nous revenons dans un premier point sur le terme de « métropole », particulièrement flou, difficile à capturer statistiquement, qui donne lieu à de nombreuses erreurs d’interprétation et véhicule des allant de soi très discutables. Nous insistons en particulier sur une erreur statistique courante, consistant à comparer la moyenne de différents indicateurs sur des catégories de territoires, qui masque l’hétérogénéité au sein de chaque catégorie, et au sein des espaces concernés eux-mêmes. Nous élargissons ensuite la perspective, en montrant que ce récit métropolitain s’inscrit plus généralement dans ce nous avons qualifié de mythologie CAME (Compétitivité, Attractivité, Métropolisation, Excellence), avant de proposer quelques pistes pour bâtir un autre récit territorial, mieux conforme aux chiffres et aux faits dont on dispose.
Produire la ville en Afrique de l’Ouest : le corridor urbain de Accra à Lagos
Authors: Choplin Armelle
Published: June 2019

Cet article entend donner quelques clefs de lecture géographiques pour comprendre comment et par qui la ville est aujourd’hui produite en Afrique de l’Ouest. Le long du Golfe de Guinée, entre Accra et Lagos (500 km), l’une des plus grandes concentrations urbaines est en train de se développer. À partir de ce corridor urbain, le papier propose d’analyser ces formes urbaines inédites, caractérisées par une urbanisation diffuse et en réseau, liée au phénomène de métropolisation et à la mondialisation. Il pose également la question de la gouvernance et de la planification de ces nouveaux territoires urbains, en particulier des liens entre les acteurs publics, privés et les habitants auto-constructeurs.
Le Moyen de parvenir de Béroalde de Verville (1616) : un texte sans contexte ?
Authors: Crescenzo Richard
Published: June 2019

Le Moyen de parvenir , objet littéraire singulier, résiste particulièrement à la contextualisation. La cohérence des récits s’y trouve constamment minée. Ni le temps historique, ni la chronologie propre de l’histoire ne permettent de contextualiser les événements. Il est donc vain de chercher à élucider un énoncé d’après un contexte, hormis celui de l’univers autarcique auquel donne corps cette écriture ludique. C’est ce qui permet à Béroalde de Verville d’affirmer que « ce livre est le centre de tous les livres ».
Décontextualisation et recontextualisation : le travail des anthologies poétiques
Authors: Murat Michel
Published: June 2019

Les anthologies poétiques, généralement analysées sous l’angle de la décontextualisation, gagnent à l’être en tant qu’instruments de contextualisation : elles montrent en quoi, selon le titre qu’emploie Emmanuel Hocquard, « tout le monde se ressemble ». L’Anthologie palatine est ainsi le lieu où prend forme le genre littéraire de l’épigramme ; les Poètes d’aujourd’hui de van Bever et Léautaud donnent du symbolisme l’image la plus sensible ; ceux de Paulhan et Dominique Aury nous font comprendre ce que pouvait être une « poésie de la NRF ».
Meursault, contre-enquête , un « premier » roman ?
Authors: Boblet Marie-Hélène
Published: June 2019

La chronique de Kamel Daoud « Le Contre-Meursault ou l’“Arabe” deux fois tué » ( Le Monde , 9 mars 2010) a donné la matière de Meursault, contre-enquête (2013). Si la quatrième de couverture du roman, texte publié à Alger aux éditions Barzakh, diffère sensiblement de celle des éditions Actes Sud, c’est que le contexte historique et éditorial infléchit l’interprétation du rapport intertextuel avec L’Étranger et qu’il révèle l’ambiguïté de la relation entre l’ex-pays colonisateur et la nation décolonisée, sur les plans de la référence et de la révérence.
Le Neveu de Rameau et la mise en œuvre du contexte
Authors: Martine Jean-Luc
Published: June 2019

Le Neveu de Rameau de Diderot permet de faire une expérience de pensée qui déplace les relations entre l’œuvre et son contexte. Si l’on prend au sérieux la contextualisation philosophique du dialogue, et particulièrement son inscription dans le contexte du matérialisme des Lumières, l’œuvre n’est plus seulement faite de mots, mais elle entretisse cette sorte d’objets matériels que sont les idées. Dès lors, texte et contexte ne sont plus de nature distincte et l’idée de contexte se résorbe dans celle de cotexte.
Entreprises, médias et vision à court terme
Authors: Ducas Marie-Claude
Published: June 2019

Les difficultés que connaissent les médias ont de profondes répercussions sur nos vies et sur nos sociétés alors qu’un nombre croissant d’entreprises cherchent à soutenir des causes et à y être associées. Pourquoi les entreprises désertent-elles les médias et abandonnent-elles la « cause » de l’information fiable et crédible ?
Entreprendre sans salariés, seul mais en équipe
Authors: Deschamps Bérangère
Published: June 2019

Même si elle n’est pas nouvelle en soi, l’entreprise sans salariés s’inscrit aujourd’hui dans une tendance forte, soutenue par l’idée selon laquelle une activité foisonnante peut reposer sur l’entrepreneur solitaire. Mais qui est cet entrepreneur solitaire ? Et est-il vraiment seul ?
Plaidoyer pour la simplicité
Authors: Sull Donald , Barlow Julie
Published: June 2019

Pour surmonter les épreuves et pour assurer leur croissance, les entreprises doivent revoir et simplifier leurs règles internes. Gestion s’est entretenue avec le professeur Donald Sull sur la notion de simplicité volontaire dans le domaine de l’administration des affaires.
Les conglomérats de l’industrie du luxe : des groupes performants
Authors: Labouze-Nasica Alexie , Hébert Louis
Published: June 2019

Imbattable première de classe dans les palmarès annuels de Standard & Poor’s, l’industrie du luxe brille de tous ses feux. Mais qu’est-ce qui rend ce secteur si unique ? Comment ces conglomérats parviennent-ils à transformer en histoires à succès toutes les marques qu’ils prennent sous leurs ailes ? Comment réussissent-ils à créer autant de valeur ?
L’avantage de confrérie : réservé aux grands groupes de l’industrie du luxe ?
Authors: Labouze-Nasica Alexie , Hébert Louis , Papadopoulos Andrew
Published: June 2019

L’analyse du fonctionnement des grands groupes de l’industrie du luxe nous a fait découvrir la manière dont ils créent de la valeur pour leurs marques. L’écosystème qui en résulte permet à ces marques de bénéficier d’un avantage de confrérie qui peut s’avérer utile à d’autres organisations.
On a lu pour vous – Quand la flamme vacille au travail, de Daniel M. Cable
Authors: Jézéquel Myriam
Published: June 2019

Pour quelles raisons un nombre élevé de travailleurs se sentent-ils découragés au travail ? Devant une motivation à l’agonie, comment inspirer de l’enthousiasme au boulot ? À l’instar d’un professionnel de la santé, Daniel M. Cable scrute l’esprit des employés comme on ranimerait un patient.
L’intelligence artificielle au service de l’industrie forestière
Authors: Gaudreault Jonathan , Gaignaire Anne
Published: June 2019

Les nouvelles technologies peuvent-elles venir en aide aux secteurs d’activité traditionnels ? Les travaux d’un consortium de recherche québécois tendent à le confirmer. Grâce à l’intelligence artificielle, un nouveau logiciel conçu pour faciliter la planification et l’exécution de certaines tâches très complexes permet déjà d’accroître la productivité des entreprises forestières.
Quiz – Votre équipe joue-t-elle vraiment pour gagner ?
Authors: Miglianico Marie , Bertholet Jean-François , Gaudet Marie-Claude
Published: June 2019

Être gestionnaire exige de savoir planifier, organiser, diriger et contrôler, nous a-t-on appris. On doit aussi corriger les erreurs et s’assurer qu’elles ne se répètent pas. Voilà pour le côté connu de la médaille, mais on ne doit pas négliger l’envers : un bon gestionnaire doit aussi savoir tirer le plein potentiel des forces des membres de son équipe.
L’anse du smartphone et la surface du conflit contemporain
Authors: Tramontana Antonio
Published: June 2019

Comment un smartphone peut interagir dans les dynamiques de notre vie sociale ? Et comment, conserve-t-il l’image de notre monde contemporain ? L’article analyse cet objet dans une perspective phénoménologique en utilisant les catégories simmeliennes afin de retracer les sentiers invisibles de la matière et de clarifier le rôle et la position de l’objet dans la socialité contemporaine.
Regain religieux dans le cinéma sud-coréen : vers une trans-religion du futur ?
Authors: Coppola Antoine
Published: June 2019

Énormes succès du cinéma sud-coréen, les deux Along With the Gods , « films de réincarnations » au budget inégalé, stigmatisent la résurgence de la religiosité sur les écrans petits et grands locaux, et ceci, à un moment historique d’expansion du pays à tous les niveaux. Ils ne restaurent pas seulement la puissance syncrétique de certaines valeurs néo-confucianistes en réaffirmant, notamment, l’autorité centrale patriarcale et le lien entre l’Au-delà et le monde des humains dans deux mondes fatalement immuables. Car trans-religieuses dès l’origine, ces valeurs évoluent, ici, dans une version nouvelle qui cherche à intégrer l’actuel néo-panasiatisme politique centré sur une Corée réconciliée avec son passé et les sensibilités « matérialistes » contemporaines. A la différence des religions focalisées sur des fondements originaux « historiques », cette supra-religion du futur, faites de simulacres absorbant les attentes du public actuel (vie positivée et réincarnation en humain, par exemple) et peu soucieuse de fidélité à des origines contraignantes et précises jusqu’à ne pas (encore) se nommer, n’est pas qu’une simple customisation postmoderne d’anciennes croyances comme « Superman » ou « Matrix » mais une logique mutante polymorphe et tentaculaire qui veut sans cesse incorporer sous sa toile plus de croyants et plus de spectateurs.
Guerra y peste en Atenas. Revisión sobre el posible origen de la epidemia ateniense de 430-426 a.C.
Authors: Carreño Guerra María del Pino
Published: June 2019

La guerra del Peloponeso comenzó en el año 431 a.C. En el verano del segundo año los peloponesios invadieron el Ática, sus habitantes buscaron refugio dentro de las murallas de la ciudad y días después se desató una plaga en Atenas de mortalidad sin precedentes, que siguió activa ese año y el siguiente y volvió a irrumpir en 427 y 426 a.C. Durante cinco años, sucesivas oleadas de una epidemia aniquilaron aproximadamente un tercio de la población de la ciudad. La única fuente que nos relata la enfermedad es la obra de Tucídides, historiador ateniense coetáneo a los hechos, que describió la extensión y el impacto de la plaga en el segundo libro de su Historia de la Guerra del Peloponeso (47-52). El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo una revisión sobre las distintas teorías médicas propuestas como causa de esta epidemia, con la cautela metodológica que requiere el abordaje de una enfermedad que ocurrió hace más de 2500 años.
Exercício no campo da história do tempo presente: o indigenismo político equatoriano no âmbito da CONAIE e do Pachakutik
Authors: Lins Hoyêdo Nunes , Müller Jonatan Pozzobon
Published: June 2019

O Equador sobressai na América Latina pela intensidade do indigenismo. A Confederação de Nacionalidades Indígenas do Equador e o Movimento de Unidade Plurinacional Pachakutik – Novo País são pilares desse destaque. Concebido como história do tempo presente, o artigo examina a trajetória desse indigenismo, discutindo alguns dos seus principais resultados, como a inclusão da referência à plurinacionalidade e interculturalidade do Estado e da sociedade na Constituição do país. Utilizando fontes orais, com testemunhos vivos, o estudo ocupa-se de uma história em construção e em devir, e mostra que esse indigenismo enfrenta desafios que clamam por equacionamento.
Antibacterial Effect of Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs) Synthesized from Trichoderma Harzianum against Clavibacter Michiganensis
Authors: Noshad Asma , Iqbal Mudassar , Folkers Laura , Hetherington Crispin , Khan Aamir , Numan Muhammad , Ullah Saleem
Published: June 2019

In nanotechnology, fungal mediated green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) has tremendous application in the development of antimicrobial systems but the mechanism behind the synthesis is yet to be understood. This study aims to synthesize the silver nanoparticlesviaa green chemistry route using mycellial aqueous extract of agriculturally beneficial fungiTrichoderma harzianum.Two different concentrations (1 mM and 2.5 Mm) of aqueous silver salt (AgNO3) were used and mixed as 1:1 ratio with aqueous extract ofT. harzianumat room temperature and the pH of the reaction mixture was monitored until it stabilized.Formation of AgNPs was confirmed by using UV-Vis spectroscopic analysis. For further insight, AgNPs were characterized by using HR-TEM and XRD, which clearly showed appearance of crystalline, monodispersed round-shaped particles of 3-20 nm in size. The synthesised NPs were subjected to antimicrobial assay against gram +ve and gram –ve bacteria using the disk diffusion method. The focused species wasClavibactermichiganensis subsp michiganensis,which is the causitive pathogen of Tomato canker disease and we hypothesised that the synthesised AgNPs might be useful to control this pathogen. Appreciable antibiotic activity was monitored even at a low concentration of 1mM level, while the zone of inhibition was positively increased at 2.5 mM. Our results clearly indicate that the present process is an excellent candidate for industrial scale production of AgNPs, and has the potential to control the bacterial pathogencmm.
MEH-PPV/Carbon Nanopearls Nanocomposites for Enhanced Organic Solar Cells Efficiencies
Authors: Ltaief Adnen , Laariedh Farah , Badèche Toufik B. , Bouazizi Abdelaziz , Binh Vu Thien
Published: June 2019

An organic nanocomposites, based on a conjugated polymer (MEH-PPV) as electron donor material and carbon nanopearls (CNPs) as electron acceptor material, have been elaborated and optoelectronically studied. The effect of CNPs concentration on the electric and photoelectric properties in these blends has been investigated. Dielectric measurements demonstrate that the blend conductivity displays a dramatic increase, reaching 0.6 S/m for a CNPs concentration about 1 wt.%. The elaborated organic nanocomposites were used as photoactive materials in organic solar cells.
The Possibility of Using Nonlinear Acoustic Spectroscopy with a Single Excitation Signal for Testing of Concrete Elements Damaged by High Temperature
Authors: Matysík Michal , Plšková Iveta , Chobola Zdeněk
Published: June 2019

This paper focuses on the use of nonlinear acoustic spectroscopy with one excitation signal for NDT of concrete parts exposed to high temperature. The rate of the temperature rise, the highest achieved temperature, time of exposure to elevated temperature and the cooling rate has an influence on the overall damage of concrete structures affected by fire. The test specimens described in this paper have been heated for various periods of time and at a different temperature. Nonlinear acoustic spectroscopy method was performed before and after heat load.
Aspects of Testing and Material Properties of Fiber Concrete
Authors: Sucharda Oldrich , Bilek Vlastimil
Published: June 2019

Concrete is typical composite material and its properties can be very variable. Material properties are also influenced with the technology of processing, manufacturing and treatment after concreting. Reinforcement in form of fibers is often added for improving tensile strength. This paper deals with specific testing of fibre concrete. Test results of series of specimens are presented for selected transport concrete composition, which is reinforced with amount of fibers 25, 50, 75 kg / m3. Fibers were added directly into the into the concrete mixer in the factory. Each series includes more than 25 test samples. The tests include the compressive strength of a cube and cylindrical, testing of modulus of elasticity, and the split tensile strength in the direction perpendicular to and parallel to the filling. Within the research project also a few types of bending tests were performed. Four variants of bending test that vary in span of 500 or 600 mm, samples with and without a notch, and in a three- / four-point configuration. As a summary, broader evaluation and functional dependencies are derived.
Rehabilitation management of Pompe disease, from childhood trough adulthood: A systematic review of the literature
Authors: Corrado Bruno , Ciardi Gianluca , Servodio Iammarrone Clemente
Published: June 2019

Pompe disease (PD) is a rare neuromuscular disorder caused by a deficiency of the enzyme acid alpha-glucosidase. There are three forms of PD depending on the age at onset and clinical severity. PD causes involvement of different organ systems, such as the heart, musculoskeletal system, and respiratory system. As of today, enzymere placement therapy represents the main therapeutic tool for PD. Rehabilitation is an integral part of a multidisciplinary approach to this pathology. The goal of the present review is to find scientific evidence for the rehabilitative approach to PD, with respect to both the infantile- and adult-onset forms. A systematic literature review was made using the following databases: Pubmed, Pedro, Cochrane Library, EDS Base Index, Trip, and Cinhal. Randomized controlled trials or cohort studies with a sample population of at least six subjects were retrieved. The PICO method was used to formulate the clinical query. The search resulted in 1665 articles. Of these, four cohort studies were subjected to the final phase of the review. Three studies regarded inspiratory muscle training with a threshold, while the fourth study analyzed the effectiveness of therapeutic, aerobic, and reinforcement exercises. Inspiratory muscle training with a threshold increases the pressures generated during inhalation. Aerobic exercise is capable of increasing patients’ muscular endurance and performance. To date, however, rehabilitative treatment for patients with PD has no validation in evidence-based medicine. Further studies, possibly with a larger sample size and higher quality are necessary to confirm the effectiveness of rehabilitation in patients with PD.
The The first report of pure neuritic leprosy with involvement of the anterior femoral cutaneous nerve
Authors: De Almeida Neto Francisco Bezerra , Aureliano Neto Raul , Cardoso Lucas Machado Carvalho
Published: June 2019

We describe the case of a young man, 22 years old, a household contact of leprosy, presenting paresthesia in the right leg and great thickening in the anterior femoral nerve and in the ipsilateral sural nerve. There were no typical dermatological lesions of leprosy. Ultrasonography confirmed the clinical finding. The clinical diagnosis of the disease was established and the patient started multibacillary-multidrug therapy, obtaining improvement of the initial symptomatology.
Use of non-invasive ventilation to facilitate extubation in a patient with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with hypercapnic respiratory failure
Authors: Diaz-Abad Montserrat , Chauhan Chandana , Epps Denise , Russell James W. , Kwan Justin
Published: June 2019

We present the case of a 44-year-old man with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) intubated for hypercapnic respiratory failure and aspiration pneumonia. The patient was successfully extubated, transitioned to non-invasive ventilation and lived at home comfortably for 17 months, with good functional status for the first year. This case highlights the potential of prolonged survival post extubation in patients with advanced ALS and respiratory failure. The patient was managed post-discharge in a multidisciplinary ALS clinic by experienced neuromuscular and pulmonary specialists.
Birds of the Entella river (Genoa, Italy): a qualitative assessment of bird diversity in an urbanizing biotope, with implications for management and conservation
Authors: Simoncini Andrea , Papi Daniela , Ruggeri Enrico
Published: June 2019

This work presents the first assessment of the birds of the Entella river (Genoa, Liguria), a small wetland embedded in an urbanized matrix. Data were collected through standardized in situ censuses from April 2012 to June 2017 and integrated with historical and recent data from other verified sources. A total of 278 species are known from the site; 53 species (19.06%) breed in the area, whereas 62 (22.30%) species are vagrant and 81 species (29.14%) are included in the Annex I of the Birds Directive (79/409/CEE). We determined the following indices: NP/P ratio = 1.48, O.V.I. (Ornithological Value Index) = 20.53. In-depth data are provided for vagrant species and for species of conservation concern, to prioritize conservation efforts. The results underline the importance of the Entella river as a local biodiversity hotspot and suggest a possible role of the area as a stepping stone in the regional ecological network. The study highlights a dichotomy between urbanization and high bird diversity in the area and acts as a first step towards its conservation and implementation.
[Bird predation on larvae of the box tree moth, Cydalima perspectalis (Walker, 1859)]
Authors: Mostini Leonardo
Published: June 2019

[This paper indicates, by describing their predatory behaviors, seven species of birds observed to catch Cydalima perspectalis larvae; moth infestations widespread in the Far East and accidentally introduced to Europe in 2006, larvae that cause considerable damage to the box tree, Buxus sp., removing all leaves from the area. The observations were made in Piedmont (NW Italy) in 2016 in relation to the Blackbird, Turdus merula and Great tit, Parus major; and in the Holland (Noord Brabant) in 2017 in relation to Oystercatcher, Haematopus ostralegus; Great tit, Parus major; Blue tit, Cyanistes caeruleus; Magpie, Pica pica; Starling, Sturnus vulgaris; House sparrow, Passer domesticus.]

 

[Article in Italian]
A macrorhynchos-like Eurasian Nutcracker (Nucifraga caryocatactes) in the Dolomites with a very abraded ring: an aged immigrant, or a locally born bird?
Authors: Londei Tiziano
Published: June 2019

The origin of the ringed bird, photographed at Passo Gardena on 28 July 2016, remains unknown. However, considering that 1) irruptions of the macrorhynchos subspecies into the region have not occurred for years compatible with the degree of abrasion of the ring; 2) dispersed macrorhynchos individuals rarely survive for long periods outside their population range; 3) intermediate morphological traits between macrorhynchos and nominate caryocatactes appear in the area; and 4) the nominate subspecies may be derived, the possibility of a locally born representative of a hybrid population, or a bird with ancestral traits, should be considered for future studies.
Making Sense of an Ancient Discipline in a Modern Time: How Tai Chi (太极) Practice Benefits the Body–Mind
Authors: Abdi Meghdad
Published: June 2019

Tai chi(太极) is an ancient Chinese traditional martial art that, today, is also practiced as a graceful and multifaceted form of exercise. It involves a series of movements performed in a slow, focused manner accompanied by deep breathing and expanded awareness of the body, mind, and surrounding environment. There is growing evidence that this mind–body practice has value in treating or preventing many health problems and you can get started even if you are not in top shape or the best of health. This paper is a review of the research that has been conducted internationally on the health-enhancing aspects of Tai Chi practice over the past few years. It is not possible to cover all areas of research in one paper; therefore, three important areas are chosen and discussed, namely, improving balance, strengthening the bones, reducing pain and the rest will be referred to in a future article.
Traditional Chinese Medicine in Malaysia: A Brief Historical Overview of the Associations
Authors: Wong Hon Foong , Ng Shih Chau , Tan Wen Tien , Wang Huiying , Lin Xun , Goh Si Woei , Hoo Bao Ling , Chai Chyong En , Liu Jun
Published: June 2019

The increasing number of TCM practitioners and herbal suppliers, both of which accelerated by the formation of various TCM institutions, substantiated the creation of regional traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) associations in post-World War II Malaya. In response to the restrictions and levies imposed by the British colonial government, these regional associations united and formed a national organisation now known as the Federation of Chinese Physicians and Medicine Dealers Association of Malaya (FCPMDAM). The current designated TCM practitioner body, the Malaysian Chinese Medical Association (MCMA) were also originally established to nurture local talents in the face of import restrictions. Owing to difference with MCMA, a separate association named the Federation of Chinese Physicians and Acupuncturists Associations of Malaysia (FCPAAM) was setup in 2003 to absorb self-studied and patrimonial-educated TCM practitioners.
A Review on Ben Cao Gang Mu Ying Jiao Dui Zhao (《本草纲目影校对照》 A Contrast between the Photocopy and Collation of Compendium of Materia Medica)
Authors: Shen Shunong
Published: June 2019

Ben Cao Gang Mu Ying Jiao Dui Zhao (《本草纲目影校对照》 A Contrast between the Photocopy and Collation of Compendium of Materia Medica), completed by Zhang Zhibin and Zheng Jinsheng, is the latest variorum on Ben Cao Gang Mu (《本草纲目》 Compendium of Materia Medica). Adopting five different Jinling editions as the master copy, the book carefully collates the complex contents on the original book by contrasting the photocopies with the supplement and correction, which makes it easy to use. What is more, full-form punctuation is used to mark the reference books and proper nouns, which is a big success feat in the research history of Ben Cao Gang Mu.
Amenability of groups is characterized by Myhill's Theorem. With an appendix by Dawid Kielak
Authors: Bartholdi Laurent
Published: June 2019

We prove a converse to Myhill's "Garden-of-Eden" theorem and obtain in this manner a characterization of amenability in terms of cellular automata:

A group

G

is amenable if and only if every cellular automaton with carrier

G

that has gardens of Eden also has mutually erasable patterns.

This answers a question by Schupp, and solves a conjecture by Ceccherini-Silberstein, Machì and Scarabotti.

Furthermore, for non-amenable

G

the cellular automaton with carrier

G

that has gardens of Eden but no mutually erasable patterns may also be assumed to be linear.

An appendix by Dawid Kielak shows that group rings without zero divisors are Ore domains precisely when the group is amenable, answering a conjecture attributed to Guba.
Improving weather and climate predictions by training of supermodels
Authors: Schevenhoven Francine , Selten Frank , Carrassi Alberto , Keenlyside Noel
Published: June 2019

Abstract. Recent studies demonstrate that weather and climate predictions potentially improve by dynamically combining different models into a so called "supermodel". Here we focus on the weighted supermodel – the supermodel's time derivative is a weighted superposition of the time-derivatives of the imperfect models, referred to as weighted supermodeling. A crucial step is to train the weights of the supermodel on the basis of historical observations. Here we apply two different training methods to a supermodel of up to four different versions of the global atmosphere-ocean-land model SPEEDO. The standard version is regarded as truth. The first training method is based on an idea called Cross Pollination in Time (CPT), where models exchange states during the training. The second method is a synchronization based learning rule, originally developed for parameter estimation. We demonstrate that both training methods yield climate simulations and weather predictions of superior quality as compared to the individual model versions. Supermodel predictions also outperform predictions based on the commonly used Multi-Model Ensemble (MME) mean. Furthermore we find evidence that negative weights can improve predictions in cases where model errors do not cancel (for instance all models are warm with respect to the truth). In principle the proposed training schemes are applicable to state-of-the-art models and historical observations. A prime advantage of the proposed training schemes is that in the present context relatively short training periods suffice to find good solutions. Additional work needs to be done to assess the limitations due to incomplete and noisy data, to combine models that are structurally different (different resolution and state representation for instance) and to evaluate cases for which the truth falls outside of the model class.
A framework for deriving drought indicators from GRACE
Authors: Gerdener Helena , Engels Olga , Kusche Jürgen
Published: June 2019

Abstract. Identifying and quantifying drought in retrospective is a necessity for better understanding drought conditions and the propagation of drought through the hydrological cycle, and eventually for developing forecast systems. Hydrological droughts refer to water deficits in surface and subsurface storage, and since these are difficult to monitor at larger scales, several studies have suggested to exploit total water storage data from the GRACE (Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment) satellite gravity mission to analyse them. This has led to the development of GRACE-based drought indicators. However, it is unclear how the ubiquitous presence of climate-related or anthropogenic water storage trends, which has been found from GRACE analyses, masks drought signals. Thus, this study aims at a better understanding of how drought signals, in the presence of trends and GRACE-specific spatial noise, propagate through GRACE drought indicators. Synthetic data are constructed and existing indicators are modified to possibly improve drought detection. Our results indicate that while the choice of the indicator should be application dependent, larger differences in robustness can be observed. We found a modified, temporally accumulated version of the Zhao et al. (2017) indicator in particular robust under realistic simulations. We show that trends and accelerations seen in GRACE data tend to mask drought signals in indicators, and that different spatial averaging methods required to suppress the spatially correlated GRACE noise affect the outcome. Finally, we identify and analyse two droughts in South Africa using real GRACE data and the modified indicators.
Direct Discrimination and Indirect Discrimination: A Distinction with a Difference
Authors: Yu Andy
Published: June 2019

Since Meiorin, it can be tempting to think that in Canadian law, the distinction between direct discrimination and indirect discrimination is now a distinction without a difference. The same analytical framework applies to both kinds of discrimination, and both can yield liability, so one might think that focusing on the distinction pointlessly distracts from the substantive concerns of discrimination law. However, I take a different view. In the context of Canadian human rights codes, the distinction remains significant. Despite attempts to abandon the distinction, the distinction seems to hold intuitive appeal and carries practical benefits. I submit that it is a distinction with a difference: it encourages adjudicators to consider more carefully discrimination without discriminatory intent, thus identifying cases of genuine discrimination they might otherwise miss.
Evolución del concepto de seguridad. De lo local a lo global.
Authors: Fernández Ferreira Enrique Eduardo
Published: June 2019

Los principales organismos centrados en el análisis del concepto de seguridad, han dejado patente su carácter evolutivo y la necesidad de adaptarlo a las transformaciones acaecidas con la creciente globalización. La necesaria integración, definida en las sucesivas Estrategias de Seguridad adoptadas en los ámbitos internacional y nacional, requiere una toma en consideración de la perspectiva local, haciéndola partícipe de los objetivos trazados en los diferentes niveles y Estrategias. Nuestra aportación quiere enfatizar la necesidad de profundizar en la seguridad interna, la cual, sin desvincularla de los riesgos y amenazas globales, requiere una puesta al día, una reflexión en profundidad en torno a la seguridad de las personas, las que viven en las concentraciones urbanas que configuran el conjunto del Estado.
Regir el concejo, servir al señor: los regidores del concejo de Piedrahíta en el siglo XV
Authors: Luchía Corina
Published: June 2019

En el presente trabajo nos proponemos comprender la dinámica sociopolítica de un concejo de jurisdicción señorial a partir del análisis de la actividad de sus oficiales principales. El estudio de la gestión municipal a través de los documentos del concejo de Piedrahíta en el siglo XV permite reconocer las cualidades sociológicas de los miembros de la elite dirigente, así como los atributos de los oficios locales. De este modo, la investigación considerará las relaciones de las autoridades urbanas con el poder señorial de la casa de Alba, tomando como escenario de análisis las actuaciones de sus regidores.
La comunidad de "peraires" de la ciudad de Valencia: de la disgregación a la unión confraternal (1340-1511)
Authors: Martínez Vinat Juan
Published: June 2019

El presente artículo se centra en las formas de organización corporativa de la industria lanera valenciana durante el periodo bajomedieval, desde la fundación de la primera cofradía de peraires en 1340 y la posterior división en cofradías de obreros y maestros en la segunda mitad del siglo XIV hasta los procesos de unificación corporativa de 1444 y 1477, que integraron a todas las categorías laborales (mestres, macips y exempts) en una misma estructura profesional. El estudio individualizado de las distintas asociaciones de pelaires permite trazar la trayectoria y adquisición de competencias de uno de los principales oficios del sector textil valenciano.
Henry Thomas Buckle's The History of Civilization in England in France (1865–1918): A Transnational Reception Case
Authors: McIntosh-Varjabédian Fiona
Published: June 2019

The article examines how Henry Thomas Buckle's History of Civilization in England was translated and understood in France from 1865 to 1918. Buckle was translated at a time when English historiography had lost its prominence in France. His positivism, and the influence that French thinkers such as Guizot, Michelet, and Comte had on his work, explain why Buckle was acclaimed during that period. He was published in a collection that made him appear as one of the leading international historians of his time. The article points out how French and British politics interfered with the publication of Buckle's History under the Second Empire and how finally Buckle was eclipsed by Marx. Through Buckle, the article gives a new outline of the reception of English historiography in France during the latter part of the nineteenth century.
Estado nutricional, anemia y parasitosis intestinal en los niños y adolescentes del Hogar de Amor y Esperanza, Tegucigalpa, año 2017
Authors: Valle Suárez Renata , Milla García Karin , Chinchilla Ticas Doris , Molina Flores Vania
Published: June 2019

Identificar el estado nutricional por antropometría, la presencia de anemia y parásitos de los niños, niñas y adolescentes del Hogar de Amor y Esperanza en la Colonia San José de la Vega de Tegucigalpa en 2017, para determinar alteraciones nutricionales y derivarlos a los servicios de salud. Método: Estudio con un enfoque cuantitativo, no experimental, descriptivo y transversal de la población total de edades entre 5 y 17 años. Resultados: Según el índice de masa corporal (IMC) se obtuvo que 0,85% presenta desnutrición severa, 0,85% desnutrición moderada, 94,02% normal, y 4,27% sobrepeso. De acuerdo a la talla para la edad de los niños y niñas de 5 a 10 años 16,0% se encuentra por debajo del percentil 3, 26% en percentil 3, 48% en percentil 15, 8% en percentil 50 y 2% en percentil 85. De acuerdo al peso para la edad: 10,0% se encuentra por debajo del percentil 3, 20% en percentil 3, 34% en percentil 15, 28% en percentil 50, 6% en percentil 85 y 2% en percentil 97. El 77,78% presentan un hemograma normal, 5,98% anormal y en el porcentaje restante no se realizó esta prueba. Se encontró la presencia de parásitos protozoarios y metazoarios en 80.56 %, y las especies prevalentes fueron Blastocystis hominis, Endolimax nana quiste, Entamoeba coli quiste e Iodamoeba Butschlii quiste. Se observó la presencia de 1 parásito en 27.78%, presencia de 2 parásitos 31.94%, presencia de 3 parásitos 20.83% y no se observaron parásitos en el 19.44% de los niños y adolescentes del HAYE.Conclusión: La población presenta buen estado nutricional de acuerdo a los parámetros de IMC, examen hematológico y de heces, encontrándose mayor prevalencia de retraso en la talla que en el peso.
¿Está Centroamérica y el Caribe preparada para las ciudades del futuro?
Authors: Young El Salvador, S.A. de C.V. Ernst &
Published: June 2019

No abstract available.
Realidad Empresarial No. 6, 2018: 2-12
Mata tu vaca y avanza
Authors: Granados Paul
Published: June 2019

No abstract available.
Realidad Empresarial No. 6, 2018: 51
Bien común, innovación frugal y empresas con propósito: movimientos emergentes orientados a la sostenibilidad empresarial
Authors: Ibarra Baidón Claudia
Published: June 2019

No abstract available.
Realidad Empresarial No. 6, 2018: 52-54
Voces Vitales El Salvador
Authors: Castro Verónica
Published: June 2019

No abstract available.
Realidad Empresarial No. 7, 2019: 36-38
Asociaciones público-privadas para el desarrollo de infraestructura de calidad en Centro América y República Dominicana
Authors: Young, El Salvador, S.A. de C.V. Ernst &
Published: June 2019

No abstract available.
Realidad Empresarial No. 7, 2019: 22-31
Behaviour of 9-Ethyl-9H-carbazole Hydrazone Derivatives Against Oxidant Systems
Authors: Karaaslan Cigdem , Gurer-Orhan Hande , Suzen Sibel , Saso Luciano , Firuzi Omidreza , Tavakkoli Marjan , Ince Elif
Published: June 2019

Antioxidants are helpful in prevention of several diseases related with oxidative stress including neurodegenerative disorders. In recent studies, carbazoles were given proof of promising antioxidant activities. In this article, 9-ethyl-9H-carbazole hydrazone derivatives were synthesized, characterized and their in vitro antioxidant activity and possible cytotoxic effects were investigated. Furthermore, protective effect of the synthesized derivatives against amyloid β-induced damage in PC12 neuronal cells was examined by using MTT assay. The newly synthesized carbazoles were found to have radical scavenging activity with a varying potency both in cell-free and cell-based in vitro assays. Several compounds, especially such as 3d and 3e, 3m and 3n bearing two halogen groups on the phenyl ring, were found to have cytotoxic activity. However, their cytotoxic activities were not higher than that of melatonin. Several compounds also significantly protected neuronal PC12 cells against amyloid β-induced damage, which can be defined as neuroprotective agents. (4-(2-((9-Ethyl-9H-carbazol-3-yl)methylene)hydrazinyl)benzonitrile) 3r was found as the most active compound with both radical scavenging activity and neuroprotective effects against amyloid β-induced damage. These findings might provide an alternative strategy for developing novel carbazole derivatives for management of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease.
Do KIR genes impact the susceptibility to ankylosing spondylitis in Polish patients?
Authors: Majorczyk Edyta , Zoń-Giebel Aleksandra , Chlebicki Arkadiusz , Nowak Izabela , Wiland Piotr , Kuśnierczyk Piotr
Published: June 2019

Aim: Ankylosing spondylitis (AS), a chronic inflammatory arthritis, is strongly associated with HLA-B27 gene worldwide. Among immunocyte receptors reacting with HLA-B27 are killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs ), particularly KIR3DL1 and KIR3DL2. The KIR family includes both activating and inhibitory receptors. These may be expressed on NK cells and subtypes of T cells, which via activating/inhibitory signals regulate the activity of immunocompetent cells and potentially have an impact on inflammation and autoimmunity occurrence. However, reports on the role of KIRs in AS are controversial.
Material/Methods: We examined the possible associations of KIR genes in 192 patients diagnosed with AS compared with 191 control individuals. KIR genes were typed using PCR-SSP method.
Results: No single KIR gene frequency was found to differ between patients and controls. Nevertheless, the genotypes containing three genes encoding activating KIRs, as well as those characterized by ratios of activating to inhibitory KIRs close to 1:2 (0.5–0.6) were significantly less frequent in AS than in controls. On the contrary, higher ratios (0.67–1.67) were more frequent in AS in comparison to controls.
Conclusions: Our results suggest a protective effect of the presence of 3 (but not more) genes encoding activating KIRs, and of a ratio of activating to inhibitory KIRs close to 1:2 (0.5–0.6) but not higher. On the other hand, higher activating to inhibitory KIR ratios seem to predispose to AS. This suggests a very narrow window for optimal ratio of activating to inhibitory KIRs.
СROSS PLATFORM TOOLS FOR MODELING AND RECOGNITION OF THE FINGERSPELLING ALPHABET OF GESTURE LANGUAGE
Authors: Kondratiuk Serhii , Krak Iurii , Wójcik Waldemar
Published: June 2019

A solution for the problems of the finger spelling alphabet of gesture language modelling and recognition based on cross-platform technologies is proposed. Modelling and recognition performance can be flexible and adjusted, based on the hardware it operates or based on the availability of an internet connection. The proposed approach tunes the complexity of the 3D hand model based on the CPU type, amount of available memory and internet connection speed. Sign recognition is also performed using cross-platform technologies and the tradeoff in model size and performance can be adjusted. the methods of convolutional neural networks are used as tools for gestures of alphabet recognition. For the gesture recognition experiment, a dataset of 50,000 images was collected, with 50 different hands recorded, with almost 1,000 images per each person. The experimental researches demonstrated the effectiveness of proposed approaches.