Live weight as an indicator of morphobiochemical blood composition of heifers under intensive breeding technology
Authors: Bilan E. , Derkho M. 
Published: August 2022

Purpose: The growth processes of Holsteinized black-motley breed heifers during rearing as well as correlation relations of live weight with morphobiochemical blood parameters have been evaluated.

Materials and methods. The studies are performed on healthy chicks of the golstinized black and qualifier of the breed (blood blood is more than 90 %). When forming an experimental group (n = 10) from clinically healthy animals at 1 month age, the principle of close analogues was used. To assess the morpho-bio-chemical status, with individual weighing of the heifers, blood samples were taken 1, 3, 6, 9, 12 and 13 months of age, which were used to determine morphological indicators (erythrogram, leukogram) and biochemical STGs, IPR1, general protein, albumin, albumin, albumin. Urea, activity Alat and Asat. Additionally calculated: the number of globulins (GL), the alb/GL ratio, il, alb/urea, GL/urea, STG/IFR-1, the lady of the de Ritis coefficient (Asat/Alat). To assess the intensity of the growth of the heifers, they were monthly weighed in individual machines, which made it possible to determine the average body weight (kg) and the average daily body weight (G). For statistical analysis, the Versia program was used. The values of p <0.05 were used to indicate the significance of the differences between the signs. The relationship between the sub-signs was revealed by calculating the values of the correlation coefficients on the Spearman.

Results. The blood samples of the heifers chosen for the experimental group (n=10) were taken at the ages of 1, 3, 6, 9, 12 and 13 months and body weight was determined every month. It was found that the body weight increases to 353,55±1,68 kg by the age of 13 months, and the highest average daily weight gain corresponds to the vegetative period of feeding. The morphophysiological composition of the blood of heifers is determined by age. Changes in the erythrogram are associated with an increase in the number of erythrocytes, hemoglobin and hematocrit by 29,28; 30,58; 27,87 % (p≤0,05), determining the morphological features of red cells. In the blood of heifers, the number of leukocytes would increase by 28.06 % (p≤0.05) by increasing the percentage of eosinophils, segmented neutrophils and monocytes by 45.31; 5.70 and 50.00 % (p≤0.05) and reducing lymphocytes and stab neutrophils by 5.69 and 43.39 % (p≤0.05). Protein metabolism has an anabolic orientation, as evidenced by an increase in the concentration of total protein, albumin and globulin by 13.11; 39.44 and 4.07 % (p≤0.05),ALAT and AsAT activity by 4.00 and 2.54 times (p≤0.05) against a decrease in urea levels by 26.57 % (p≤0.05). Protein anabolism is associated with regulatory effects of growth hormones, the concentration of which changes reciprocally: STH decreases by 54.32 % and IGF-1 increases by 32.07 times (p≤0.05). Body weight correlated statistically significantly with serum albumin (r=0.70±0.25 to 0.87±0.17), urea (r=-0.72±0.23 to -0.93±0.13), AsAT activity (r=0.53±0.30 to 0.65±0.27) and IGF-1 concentration (r=0.55±32 to 0.79±0.22).