bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A case of pituitary apoplexy with unusual presentation
Authors: Basak Ramen Chandra , Basak Mira , Saha Bidyut Kumar
Published: December 2024

Pituitary apoplexy is a rare but potentially life-threatening condition caused by either haemorrhage or infarction of the pituitary gland. It commonly occurs in non-functioning pituitary adenoma. Patients present with the clinical syndrome of headache, visual defects or ophthalmoplegia, altered consciousness and variable endocrine deficits. However, the condition may also be subclinical, like in our case, where the presenting feature was mild to moderate headache for a few months, misguiding the physician. Her prolactin level was high, and an MRI revealed evidence of haemorrhage within the pituitary gland. Her amenorrhoea persisted even after normalization of prolactin, which may be related to reduced LH and FSH after apoplexy. The case is reported because of its simplicity of presentation, which we should not ignore.
J Assoc Clin Endocrinol Diabetol Bangladesh, July 2024;3(2): 67-70
Penyuluhan Inovatif untuk Peningkatan Produktivitas Kelompok Pemuda tani di Desa Turen, Kecamatan Turen, Malang melalui Usaha Arang Briket
Authors: Khairiyakh Refa'ul , Arvianti Eri Yusnita , Novitawati Retno Ayu Dewi
Published: December 2024

The charcoal briquette business counseling program for the Young Farmers group in Turen Village, Turen District, Malang, East Java, aims to increase young people's awareness and skills in utilizing local potential, creating new jobs, and encouraging innovation and entrepreneurship. The methods include training and mentoring in making charcoal briquettes and producing optimal products. This program has increased participants' knowledge of charcoal briquettes by 88.9% and production skills by 166.7%. A significant impact was seen in the increase in charcoal briquette production from 50 kg/month to 100 kg/month, as well as in the average income of participants by 50%, from IDR 500,000/month to IDR 1,000,000/month. The marketing coverage also expanded from 1 region to 3 regions (Turen, Lawang, Malang Raya). The success of this program shows the effectiveness of the extension and training methods applied, as well as the potential for developing charcoal briquette businesses as an alternative source of income for young farmers in Turen Village. This program not only increases the economic capacity of participants but also encourages the sustainable use of local resources.ABSTRAKProgram penyuluhan usaha arang briket bagi kelompok Pemuda Tani di Desa Turen, Kecamatan Turen, Malang, Jawa Timur bertujuan meningkatkan kesadaran dan keterampilan pemuda dalam memanfaatkan potensi lokal, menciptakan lapangan kerja baru, serta mendorong inovasi dan kewirausahaan. Metode yang digunakan meliputi pelatihan dan pendampingan pembuatan arang briket dan menghasilkan produk yang optimal. Program ini berhasil meningkatkan pengetahuan peserta tentang arang briket sebesar 88,9% dan keterampilan produksi sebesar 166,7%. Dampak signifikan terlihat pada peningkatan produksi arang briket dari 50 kg/bulan menjadi 100 kg/bulan, serta peningkatan pendapatan rata-rata peserta sebesar 50%, dari Rp 500.000/bulan menjadi Rp 1.000.000/bulan. Cakupan pemasaran juga meluas dari 1 wilayah menjadi 3 wilayah (Turen, Lawang, Malang Raya). Keberhasilan program ini menunjukkan efektivitas metode penyuluhan dan pelatihan yang diterapkan, serta potensi pengembangan usaha arang briket sebagai sumber pendapatan alternatif bagi pemuda tani di Desa Turen. Program ini tidak hanya meningkatkan kapasitas ekonomi peserta, tetapi juga mendorong pemanfaatan sumber daya lokal secara berkelanjutan.
Peran Psikoterapi Islam dalam Kesehatan Mental: Hafalan Al-Quran sebagai Media Menjaga Kesehatan Mental Penderita Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Ika Novita Sari  , Siti Fatimatuz Zahro
Published: December 2024

Diabetes Melitus (DM) adalah penyakit yang mempengaruhi kesehatan fisik dan mental penderitanya yang  dapat  memperburuk  kualitas  hidup  mereka. Penelitian ini mengeksplorasi peran psikoterapi Islam dalam mendukung kesehatan mental penderita DM, dengan fokus pada hafalan Al-Quran sebagai metode spiritual untuk mengelola stres dan meningkatkan kesejahteraan emosional. Psikoterapi islam mengintegrasikan nilai-nilai spiritual yang menawarkan solusi holistik untuk membantu penderita DM meredakan kecemasan dan memperbaiki keseimbangan emosional. Hafalan Al-Quran selain sebagai ibadah, berfungsi sebagai terapi yang dapat menenangkan batin, mengurangi stres, dan meningkatkan kedamaian jiwa. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pendekatan yang menggabungkan pengobatan medis dengan psikoterapi Islam dapat memberikan manfaat besar bagi penderita DM, secara fisik maupun psikologis. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode library research atau penelitian kepustakaan dengan pendekatan kualititif. Pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini dilakukan dengan cara mengumpulkan berbagai macam kajian serta kepustakaan berupa jurnal – jurnal ilmiah. Penelitian ini akan menguraikan konteks integrasi pengobatan medis dan psikoterapi islam melalui hafalan Al – Quran dapat memperkuat kesehatan mental penderita DM, meningkatkan kualitas hidup serta memberikan kebermaknaan dalam menjalani kehidupan meski menghadapi keterbatasan kesehatan fisik.
Kata kunci:
Diabetes Melitus, Psikoterapi Islam, Hafalan Al-Qur'an, Kesehatan Mental, Terapi Spiritual
Development of Kitab Al Ajurumiyyah as Teaching Material with Additional HOTS (Higher Order Thinking Skills) Based Formative Tests at PP Al Fath Kediri
Authors: Afifuddin Muhammad Haikal , Zunairoh Yuyun , Moh Sholeh Afyuddin  , M. Syamsul Ma’arif  , Bagus Andrian Permata  , Muhammad Abdur Rozaq
Published: December 2024

The book of Matan al Ajurumiyyah is one of the most famous nahwu books. However, in its development, the book used as teaching material needs additional components. One of them is the addition of evaluation. Learning nahwu in the book of Matan al Ajurumiyyah at PP Al Fath is carried out without evaluation. Based on these conditions, the researcher provided a solution by developing a learning evaluation book which containing formative test questions arranged according to the order of the chapters in the book of Matan al Ajurumiyyah.
This research is development research or commonly known as (Research and Development) with the formulation of the problem of developing the book of Matan al Ajurumiyyah with the addition of HOTS-based formative test questions and the feasibility of HOTS-based formative test questions at PP Al Fath Kediri. This research aims to determine the development book of Matan al Ajurumiyyah with the addition of HOTS-based formative test items and the feasibility of HOTS-based formative test items at PP Al Fath Kediri. This development research uses the ADDIE research procedure. The population of this research were 30 Al Fath students who were randomly selected. The data collection methods used in this study were interviews, questionnaires, and tests.
The result of this research is that a Nahwu Practice Questions from Matan al Ajurumiyyah. Based on the results of content expert validator and the construct of this book is of good quality with a percentage of 83.75% and based on the scores of media experts the appearance of this book is good with a percentage of 80%. From the expert validator, it was stated that the book was suitable to use with revision. In the product implementation, it was found that the highest student score was 94, the lowest score was 22, and the average student score was 67,6. The result of the item analysis questions were declared valid, because the questions measured students nahwu skills, and all questions were declared reliable because r = 0,793 > 0,70 for multiple choice questions and r = 0,95 > 0,70 for description questions.
Optimalisasi Pemanfaatan Situ Citatah Kabupaten Bogor Berbasis Kondisi Ekologis
Authors: Saranga Jeniarty Rani , Rina Rina , Farida Idha
Published: December 2024

Situ Citatah terletak di Kabupaten Bogor Jawa Barat. Situ ini memiliki potensi sumber daya alam yang dapat dikembangkan untuk mengoptimalkan pemanfaatan perairan. Tujuan penelitian yaitu mengidentifikasi kondisi kualitas air, keragaman plankton dan kebiasaan makan ikan sehingga diperoleh rekomendasi untuk optimalisasi pemanfaatan perairan. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Oktober sampai Desember 2023 di pada 3 titik stasiun yakni inlet, tengah situ dan outlet. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa status mutu air sudah terjadi pencemaran sedang (kelas C) dengan parameter kualitas air yang tidak memenuhi baku mutu air yakni DO (3,57 mg/l – 3,73 mg/l), fosfat (0,24 mg/l – 0,32 mg/l) dan BOD (4,47 mg.l – 6,33 mg/l). Sedangkan parameter kualitas air yang masih sesuai baku mutu air yakni suhu (27,33 0C – 29 0C), kecerahan 68 cm – 88 cm), pH air (6,83 – 7,62), konsentrasi nitrat (1,33 mg/l – 1,79 mg/l) dan amonia (0,42 mg/l – 0,71 mg/l). Komposisi jenis fitoplankton tertiggi dari jenis Chlorophyceae (36,03 %) dan zooplankton tertinggi dari jenis Rotifera (56,43 %). Kelimpahan fitoplankton tertinggi dari jenis Cyanophyceae dan zooplankton tertinggi dari jenis Rotifera. Ditemukan 22 genus dari 37 genus fitoplankton dan 12 genus dari 30 genus zooplankton yang sudah dimanfaatkan oleh ikan. Upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk optimalisasi pemanfaatan perairan yaitu pengelolaan kualitas air melalui perencanaan instalasi pembuangan air limbah dan monitoring serta kontroling kualitas air secara berkala, introduksi spesies ikan asli yakni ikan nilem dan ikan tawes, penebaran ikan bernilai ekonomis (ikan nilem dan ikan tawes), serta pemanfaatan ikan invasif (ikan red devil) untuk bahan baku olahan perikanan.
EFEKTIVITAS EKSTRAK DAUN PATILAWA (LANTANA CAMARA LINN) SEBAGAI INSEKTISIDA TERHADAP KEMATIAN NYAMUK AEDES SP
Authors: Aulya Muhammad Sultanul , Tanjung Asbar
Published: December 2024

Aedes sp merupakan vektor dari virus dengue dengan dua spesies yaitu nyamuk Aedes aegypti dan nyamuk Aedes albopictus yang tersebar di seluruh dunia. Aedes aegypti menempati habitat domestik terutama di dalam rumah dan penampungan air yang tidak berhubungan langsung dengan tanah, sedangkan Aedes albopictus berkembang biak pada lubang-lubang pohon, drum, ban bekas yang terdapat di luar rumah. Aedes aegypti dan Aedes albopictus merupakan vektor penular penyakit DBD (Demam Berdarah Dengue). Penyakit demam berdarah dengue berkembang secara drastis pada beberapa tahun terakhir. DBD hampir ditemukan di seluruh daerah belahan dunia yang memiliki iklim tropis dan subtropis, terutama pada daerah perkotaan dan semiurban. Pada tahun 2010 sampai 2015 beberapa wilayah anggota WHO seperti Amerika, Brazil dan Hawai dilaporkan terjadi peningkatan kasus dari 2,2 juta di tahun 2010 sampai 3,2 juta kasus di tahun 2015. Kasus DBD pada tahun 2018 berjumlah 65.602 kasus, dengan jumlah kematian sebanyak 467 orang. Jumlah tersebut menurun dari tahun sebelumnya, yaitu 68.407 kasus dan jumlah kematian sebanyak 493 orang. Angka kesakitan DBD tahun 2018 menurun dibandingkan tahun 2017, yaitu dari 26,10 menjadi 24,75/100.000 penduduk.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengekplorasi penggunaan Daun patilawa (Lantana camara Linn) sebagai insektisida alami terhadap nyamuk Aedes sp. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode eksperimental dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkpa (RAL) 4 perlakuan dan 3 kali pengulangan yaitu variasi konsentrasi 20%, 30%, 40% dan 50%. Kontrol postif yangdigunakan adalah X-Elektrik (transflurin 12,38 g/l)) dan aquadest sebagai kontrol negative.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ekstrak daun patilawa (Lantana camara Linn) memiliki aktifitas insektisida alami terhadap nyamu Aedes sp pada setiap konsentrasi (20%, 30%, 40% dan 50%), disamping itu hasil penelitian juga menunkkan bahwa efektifitas insektisidal ekstrak daun patilawa (Lantana camara Linn) menunjukkan tren peningkatan efektifitas seiring dengan peningkatan konsentrasi ekstrak. Hasil uji statistik dengan Anova satu arah menunjukkan nilai p0.001 yang berarti perbedaan bermakna pada efektifitas insektisidal pada tiap konsentrasi ekstrak.
Efektifitas PhET Simulation sebagai Virtual Laboratory dalam Meningkatkan Pemahaman Konsep Fisika Mahasiswa IPA Berbasis Pesantren
Authors: Idiawati Riris , Ferdiana Ferdiana , Dewi Nila Mutia , Hidayah Elok , Tamami Febby Rizka
Published: December 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah memanfaatkan laboratorium virtual Physic Education and Technology (PhET) simulation sebagai media pembelajaran sebagai salah satu solusi inovatif yang dapat dilakukan dalam upaya  meningkatkan pemahaman konsep fisika mahasiswa. PhET menyediakan simulasi virtual interaktif yang dapat digunakan secara daring maupun luring, sehingga cocok untuk lingkungan dengan keterbatasan akses internet dan juga keterbatasan infrastruktur seperti fasilitas laboratorium. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode eksperimen berbentuk one group pretest-posttest design. Sampel penelitian yaitu mahasiswa Program studi Pendidikan IPA Tahun Ajaran 2024/2025  sebanyak 14 orang. Pengambilan data dilakukan dua kali yaitu sebelum melakukan treatment (pretest) dan sesudah melakukan treatment (posttest), kemudian untuk mengetahui peningkatan pemahaman konsep fisika mahasiswa dilakukan uji N-gain. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan hasil belajar mahasiswa memperoleh kriteria tinggi dengan skor N-gain sebesar 0,732. Oleh karena itu hasil studi menyatakan bahwa penggunaan laboratorium virtual PhET simulation sebagai media pembelajaran dapat meningkatkan kemampuan pemahaman konsep fisika mahasiswa.
Penerapan Absensi Digital Mengenai Kehadiran Pengunjung Pojok Literasi Berbasis Web Di Brida Kota Medan
Authors: Nasution Nurul Tasya Syahdani , Astria Retno , Ramadhan Syahrul , Ramadhani Wardah , Dhany Hanna Willa
Published: December 2024

Dalam mendata informasi saat ini dibutuhkan sistem yang cepat dan mudah untuk diakses secara online dan harus selalu up to date. Perkembangan internet berkembang begitu pesat dan terus berinovasi dan menciptakan terobosan yang baru salah satu inovasi yang semakin banyak diterapkan yaitu sistem absensi digital berbasis web. Penelitian ini sebagai penerapan absensi digital mengenai kehadiran pengunjung pojok literasi berbasis web di Badan Riset dan Inovasi Daerah (BRIDA). Dengan XAMPP dan VSCODE, absensi digital berbasis web ini memberikan layanan dengan proses absensi secara langsung, mendata para pengunjung yang hadir dan menghindari terjadinya terlalu banyak pengunjung yang datang di pojok literasi. Oleh karna itu penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penerapan absensi digital memberikan kemudahan bagi pengelola dalam melakukan pencatatan kehadiran, sekaligus mempercepat proses akurasi data. Secara keseluruhan, penerapan absensi digital di pojok literasi dapat meningkatkan kualitas layanan pojok literasi, meminimalisir beban administrasi manual, dan memberikan pengalaman yang lebih efisien bagi para pengunjung pojok literasi.
About Bar Division of Time-Quantitative Rhythm
Authors:   Lviv National Music Academy named after Mykola Lysenko, Lukaniuk Bohdan
Published: December 2024

According to the rules established by the classics of Ukrainian ethnomusicology,
bar lines in music-ethnographic transcriptions of folk songs with a time-quantitative

rhythm are strictly placed at the points of structural caesuras in accompanying syl-
labic verses. A fundamental drawback of such bar division is the denial of the inherent

internal organizational system (meter) and the natural musical-syntactic segmentation
of this type of musical rhythm. This often leads to its inadequate representation in
musical notation.
The recent discovery of immanent laws characteristic of this rhythm (Lukaniuk B.,
Musikal Quantitative Rhythm, Lviv, 2017, in Ukrainian) allows for the development
of fundamentally new principles for bar division of folk songs, fully aligned with the

nature of their quantitative rhythm. This presents an urgent task for Ukrainian ethno-
musicology (and perhaps not only Ukrainian). There is simply no other way to over-
come the current issue of unjustifiable bar-line placement, traditionally used up to now.
Islamic Banks’ Bootstrap Efficiency and Its Determinants: Cross Country Evidence from Nine South and Southeast Asian Countries
Authors: Samad Abdus
Published: December 2024

This paper employs bootstrap Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to first estimate the technical efficiencies under constant returns to scale (CRS) and variable returns to scale (VRS) for Islamic banks across nine South and Southeast Asian countries (Indonesia, Malaysia, Brunei, Singapore, Maldives, Thailand, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, and Pakistan). The findings reveal that the average VRS technical efficiency for the region is 82.1%, which is higher than the CRS technical efficiency of 76.6%, indicating input wastage of 17.9% and 23.4%, respectively. A cross-country comparison shows that Malaysia's Islamic banks have the highest average CRS efficiency (80.1%) and VRS efficiency (87.2%) in the region, followed by Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Indonesia. In the second stage, using Simar and Wilson's (2007) truncated regression, the study identifies that bank capital risk (EQTA), bank credit risk (NPLL), and bank liquidity (CASTA) are significant internal factors negatively influencing both CRS and VRS technical efficiencies in loans and deposit production. Among external factors, the bank loan market structure (Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI)), per capita GDP, and a country-specific dummy variable significantly and positively impact bank efficiencies. The significance of bank internal and country-specific factors has important policy implications for bank management.
Goal-Framed Attitude and Sustainability Literacy in Shaping Circular Consumption Intention in Fast Fashion
Authors: Wilbourn Kathy , Kim HaeJung Maria , Yang Kiseol
Published: December 2024

Adapting the circular economy to fast fashion requires transitioning to a responsible business model that reduces overstock and promotes a pro-environmental ‘less consumption’ trend. This study, grounded in the goal-framing theory (Lindenberg & Steg, 2007) examines how goal-framed attitudes and sustainability literacy influence consumers’ circular consumption intentions. Analyzing data from 299 Prolific respondents, multiple regression results showed that goal-framed attitudes toward ‘circular economy’ and ‘reliable information,’ alongside sustainability literacy on ‘circular initiatives’ and ‘environmental awareness,’ positively impact intentions to engage in circular product purchases and practices. Clustering analysis identified three circular-minded consumer groups with differing perceptions of goal-framed attitudes, sustainability literacy, and circular consumption intentions. Fast fashion consumers prioritize reliable information on circular economy goals, intending to adopt circular practices, such as the 6Rs (Reducing, Recycling, Repairing, Redesigning, Reselling, and Renting), which reinforce circular business models in fast fashion.
Manuales de gabinete: formalización de las convenciones constitucionales para el ejercicio del gobierno en la monarquía parlamentaria
Authors: Cabanillas Sanz Miguel
Published: December 2024

A la particularidad que supone la determinación del papel del rey y del Gobierno fundamentalmente a través de convenciones, Nueva Zelanda y el Reino Unido añaden la singularidad de ser monarquías democráticas sin una constitución codificada. Estas dos circunstancias han movido a los Ejecutivos neozelandés y británico a dotarse de un manual de Gabinete en el que formalizan las principales convenciones que regulan su sistema de gobierno, sin llegar a convertirse en códigos normativos vinculantes. Estos documentos son ejemplo de un soft law que busca aportar seguridad jurídica y que, en el caso del Reino Unido, se enmarca en la dinámica de aproximación a la codificación en la que se mueve desde el inicio del siglo XXI. A partir de esos dos casos, este estudio analiza el rol que juegan –y pueden jugar– los manuales de Gabinete en la formalización de las convenciones constitucionales y en la constitución y funcionamiento del día a día de los Gobiernos democráticos.
FERNÁNDEZ, T. R. (2024). La Administración española en el inicio de la modernidad (1844-1868). Madrid: Iustel Publicaciones
Authors: Jiménez-Blanco Carrillo de Albornoz Antonio
Published: December 2024

Recensión de FERNÁNDEZ, T. R. (2024). La Administración española en el inicio de la modernidad (1844-1868). Madrid: Iustel Publicaciones
Avanzando en la delimitación del voto telemático: la saga continúa con una nueva trilogía
Authors: Aranda Briones Beatriz
Published: December 2024

El presente comentario tiene por objeto analizar tres sentencias del Tribunal Constitucional que se insertan en la saga iniciada ya por el máximo intérprete de nuestra Constitución sobre el voto telemático y que ayudan tanto a delimitar como a perfilar los límites del voto telemático. Las tres sentencias resuelven tres recursos de amparo que traen causa en un único acuerdo de la Mesa del Parlamento de Cataluña, por el cual se desestimaban tres reconsideraciones que discutían la validez de dos acuerdos de la Mesa, por los cuales se establecía un régimen transitorio del voto telemático y, aplicándolo, se autoriza de un voto telemático a un diputado, que se encontraba en situación de rebeldía en un proceso penal en la aplicación del acuerdo anterior. Para dirimir estos casos, el Tribunal Constitucional aplica su doctrina jurisprudencial sobre el voto telemático establecida en Sentencias como la 65/2022, de 31 de mayo. Sin embargo, lleva a cabo un razonamiento inductivo que creemos que no es del todo acertado. Asimismo, desaprovecha la oportunidad de actualizar o ratificar su jurisprudencia respecto de cuestiones fundamentales como la relación entre los Reglamentosparlamentarios y las normas interpretativas de los mismos.
Los requisitos para acceder a la condición de diputado del Parlamento Europeo: el caso de Carles Puigdemont y Antonio Comín
Authors: Gutiérrez Vicén Carlos
Published: December 2024

En este pronunciamiento el Tribunal de Justicia de la Unión Europea sienta un criterio definitivo sobre el reparto de competencias entre los Estados miembros y la Unión en materia electoral. En concreto, sobre el reconocimiento de la condición de diputados del Parlamento Europeo. Afirma, consolidando una doctrina reiterada en anteriores sentencias, que esta institución no puede cuestionar la lista de candidatos electos que (coincidente o no con la proclamación inicial) es remitida por las autoridades nacionales. Así las cosas, mientras no se modifique el Acta Electoral o la Ley Orgánica 5/1985, de 19 de junio, del Régimen Electoral General, el requisito del acatamiento a la Constitución seguirá siendo necesario en España por imperativo del artículo 224.2 de esta última.
Competencia de la Autoridad Nacional de Control en materia de protección de datos para conocer de las reclamaciones previstas en el Reglamento General de Protección de Datos presentadas a consecuencia de la actividad propia de una com. de investigación
Authors: Cosculluela Martínez Bárbara
Published: December 2024

El Tribunal de Justicia, reunido en Gran Sala, resuelve una petición de decisión prejudicial planteada por el Tribunal Supremo de lo Contencioso-Administrativo de Austria (Verwaltungsgerichtshof) para resolver recurso de casación presentado por la Autoridad de Protección de Datos de Austria contra una resolución del Tribunal Administrativo Federal austriaco.
La sentencia declara que la actividad de una comisión de investigación parlamentaria está comprendida en el ámbito de aplicación del Reglamento General de Protección de Datos, y que la Autoridad Nacional de Control, como única autoridad nacional, tiene la competencia para conocer de las reclamaciones relativas al tratamiento de datos personales por una comisión de investigación en el marco de sus actividades parlamentarias.
2013-2024 YILLARI ARASINDA FDA ONAYI ALMIŞ ANTİDEPRESANLAR VE YENİ ANTİDEPRESAN İLAÇ GELİŞTİRME ÇALIŞMALARI
Authors: Karacık Mert , Evranos Aksöz Begüm
Published: December 2024

Amaç: Depresyon, insan hayatının herhangi bir döneminde ortaya çıkabilecek, psikiyatrik bir hastalıktır. Antidepresanlar, depresyonun birinci basamak tedavisinde kullanılan ilaçlardır. Depresyonun antidepresanlarla tedavisi, tedavi süresinin uzun olması, depresyonun tedaviye direnç geliştirmesi ve antidepresan kullandıktan sonra hastada yan etkilerin görülmesi nedeniyle olumsuz sonuçlanabilmektedir. Tedavide başarı oranının artması için mevcut antidepresanların geliştirilmesi şarttır.
Sonuç ve Tartışma: İlaç araştırma ve geliştirme çalışmalarının amaçlarından biri de ilaçların daha verimli kullanılmasını sağlamaktır. Son 11 yılda FDA tarafından onaylanan antidepresanlar incelendiğinde çoğunlukla daha önceden geliştirilmiş olan ilaçların farklı dozaj şekillerinin hazırlanmasıyla, spesifik bir izomer kullanılarak ya da steroid yapılı nöroaktif bir madde olan allopregnanolon benzeri maddeler geliştirilmesi şeklinde çalışmalar yapıldığı görülmektedir.
СИСТЕМА ВІЙСЬКОВОГО НАВЧАННЯ СТУДЕНТІВ ВИЩИХ НАВЧАЛЬНИХ ЗАКЛАДІВ ПОЛЬСЬКОЇ НАРОДНОЇ РЕСПУБЛІКИ (1949 – 1991)
Authors: Шелестак Лариса Романівна
Published: December 2024

У студії розглянуто та проаналізовано основні етапи становлення системи військового навчання студентів вищих навчальних закладів Польської Народної Республіки. Специфіка дослідження полягає у вивченні досвіду країни – члена Організації Варшавського договору, в якій військове навчання студентів вводилось за зразком системи військового навчання в Радянському Союзі. Метою автора – не порівняння систем військового навчання, а передусім висвітлення особливостей та правових аспектів військового вишколу студентів ПНР. Проаналізовано основні закони на ухвали, відповідно до яких впроваджувалась система військового вишколу, а також проводились її часті зміни та реформи. На основі використаних матеріалів та джерел, авторка дійшла висновків, що військова підготовка студентів вищих навчальних закладів ПНР була введена для збільшення чисельності навченого резерву, відповідно до окремих військових спеціальностей, які потребувало військо, яке було частиною Східного або Радянського блоку. Ця система пройшла низку змін та реформ і була ліквідована в результаті політичних змін у Польщі та геополітичних змін у світі, загалом, у 1991 р., через свою неактуальність та адаптацію польської армії до стандартів та вимог НАТО.
ДІЯЛЬНІСТЬ РОЗВІДЧОГО ВІДДІЛУ ГАЛИЦЬКОЇ АРМІЇ У 1918 – 1920 РР.
Authors: Стецишин Олег Леонідович
Published: December 2024

У статті проаналізовано діяльність військової розвідки Галицької армії в 1918 – 1920 рр. На основі архівних документів, спогадів та сучасних досліджень з’ясовано головні етапи формування Розвідчого відділу (РВ), який діяв при Начальній Команді Галицької армії (НКГА, інша абревіатура – НКУВ, Начальна Команда Українського Війська): становлення західноукраїнської військової розвідки, методи її діяльності, види розвідки та способи отримання розвідувальної інформації тощо. Отримані висновки проілюстровано конкретними прикладами з архівних джерел. Уточнено принципи комплектування Розвідвідділу ГА, його структуру та сферу відповідальності окремих працівників і відділів. При опрацюванні теми використано методи періодизації, а також історико-типологічний та історико-системний методи історичного дослідження. Встановлено, що діяльність Розвідчого відділу збройних сил Західноукраїнської народної республіки (ЗУНР) відбувалася за тими ж лекалами, що й формування спеціальних служб інших держав, які виникли в Центрально-Східній Європі після розпаду імперій.
Scan Strategy Effect on the Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Directed Energy Deposited 18Ni300 Maraging Steel
Authors: Joo Soo Bin , No Gun Woo , Jung Young Hoon , Baek Min Jae , Lee Dong Jun , Kim Jung Gi
Published: December 2024

Although the laser scan strategy does not affect the energy density of laser-based additive manufacturing, changes in laser scan direction critically influence the residual stress and microstructure of metallic components. However, only a limited number of studies have investigated the role of laser scan strategy on the microstructure and mechanical properties of additively manufactured maraging steels. Therefore, this study examines the effect of laser scan strategy on the mechanical properties of 18Ni300 maraging steel. Different laser scan strategies influence the morphologies of the molten pool, where retained austenite is concentrated in 18Ni300 maraging steel. The 45o sample exhibits a denser molten pool distribution compared to the other samples due to reduced layer overlapping. Because of the plastic strain incompatibility between martensite and austenite at the molten pool boundary, this dense molten pool distribution in the 45o sample resulted in the highest back-stress hardening. Additionally, the minimal layer overlapping in the 45o sample reduces heat exposure during laser-based additive manufacturing, leading to a finer martensite block and lath size. By combining high back-stress hardening with a fine martensite block and lath size, the 45o sample achieved the highest tensile property compared to the other samples. These results indicate that the selection of laser scan strategy is crucial for designing a heterogeneous microstructure in additively manufactured parts, which can enhance mechanical properties, even with the same energy density.
Effect of Ce Addition on the Machinability of Ti-6Al-4V Alloy
Authors: Kim Na Young , Lee WookJin , Park Chan Hee
Published: December 2024

Ti alloys are difficult to machine, accounting for 50-75% of the final component price, necessitating urgent improvements in machinability to increase their demand in several fields. This study found that adding small amounts of Ce (0.1-2.0wt.%) significantly improves the machinability of Ti-6Al-4V alloy. Here, we systematically analyzed microstructural changes due to Ce addition and their effects on machinability and tensile properties. We found that adding 0.3wt.% Ce results in fine (80-100nm) Ce-oxides dispersion throughout the matrix, which effectively reduces chip length (192mm→12.5mm) and increases tensile strength from 840MPa to 956MPa without a significant decrease in ductility; however, the reduction in cutting torque was minimal (2.5Nm→2.3Nm). On the other hand, when 1.4wt.% Ce was added, Ce-oxide particles were not only finely distributed within the matrix but also coarsely (3μm-5μm) located along the prior beta grain boundaries, resulting in significant reductions in both chip length (192mm→4.5mm) and cutting torque (2.5Nm→1.9Nm). In this case, the tensile strength increased from 840MPa to 909MPa, but ductility slightly decreased due to cleavage fracture. Therefore, the addition of 1.4wt.% Ce is suitable when reducing cutting torque is more important than ductility, while 0.3wt.% Ce is preferable when reducing chip length and maintaining ductility are critical. This study is expected to contribute to expanding the industrial application of Ti components by reducing the machining costs of Ti alloys.
Ketimpangan Gender Dalam Keputusan Rumah Tangga: Studi Interseksi Ekonomi, Pendidikan, dan Konstruksi Sosial
Authors: Ivan Nurseha
Published: December 2024

This study aims to analyses gender inequality in household decision-making by looking at the intersection between economic, educational, and social construction factors. Using a qualitative approach with case study and phenomenological methods, this research was conducted in Tuban, East Java, which was chosen for its diverse social strata and local culture. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, focus group discussions (FGDs), participatory observation and supporting surveys, with the subjects being household couples from various socio-economic backgrounds. The results show that household decisions, particularly those related to finance, are still dominated by men, although women also have significant economic contributions. Educational factors were shown to play an important role in improving gender equality, with highly educated couples showing more equal decision-making patterns. However, traditional cultural norms remain a major barrier for women to fully participate in decision-making, especially among couples with low education and limited income. In addition, the study found a changing pattern among young couples, especially in urban areas, which showed a trend towards more equal sharing of responsibilities. The complexity of interactions between economic, educational and social construction factors emphasizes the need for an intersectional approach in understanding the dynamics of gender inequality at the household level. The study concludes that efforts to reduce gender inequality should include improving access to education for women, economic empowerment, and transforming social norms that limit women's roles. The findings provide relevant insights to support more inclusive gender equality policies at the local and national levels.
Co-addressing Wicked Problems through Science Education and Culture: Insights from Ukraine, Estonia, Turkey, and Bangladesh
Authors:   University of Tartu, Chowdhury Tapashi Binte Mahmud , Rannikmae Miia ,   University of Tartu, Holbrook Jack ,   University of Tartu, Zaluzhna Maryna ,   Zaporizhzhia National University, Cavas Bulent ,   Dokuz Eylul University
Published: December 2024

In dealing with wicked problems, such as pandemics, war, economic inflation, refugee influx, and natural disasters such as earthquakes or floods, culture is seen as playing a strong role in determining peoples’ responses. While school science education seeks to promote an awareness of, and even preparedness towards, dealing with wicked problems, the isolation of school science from culture can result in promoting an image of science within students as unaccounted for and unaffected by cultural experiences. In reducing this gap between science education and culture, this study seeks to identify science teacher perceptions towards a combined role to be played by both science education and culture in co-addressing wicked problems. In so doing, this qualitative study takes into consideration four wicked problems – the current war in Ukraine, the recent earthquake in Turkey, a refugee influx into Estonia, and the reoccurring floods in Bangladesh. Through semi-structured interviews with five volunteer science teachers from each country, the study explores science teacher perceptions towards the roles played by culture and science education separately, and possible ways to combine these so as to promote a culturally relevant, responsive and adaptive science education orientation. The findings of the study suggest ways to promote awareness, preparedness and enhance emotional acceptance through both science education and cultural practices. The significance of this study lies in the multicultural nature of the research, seen as allowing the researchers to gain multicultural perspective from science teachers with first-hand experience related to wicked problems.
Instructional Process of Design-Based Learning Integration on Computational Thinking: A Framework for Effective Teaching in Course of Physics Experiment Design
Authors:   State University of Malang, Fayanto Suritno , Degeng I Nyoman Sudana ,   State University of Malang, Patmanthara Syaad ,   State University of Malang, Ulfa Saida ,   State University of Malang
Published: December 2024

Design-Based Learning and computational thinking (CT) are two key components that support each other specifically in the learning process involving the development of experimental design. Both components emphasize the importance of integration between computational thinking and design-based learning to support a creative, innovative and data mining-based learning environment. In this context. The formulation of a holistic instructional process framework by integrating design-based learning and computational thinking is very important. Therefore, this study aims to designing an Instructional Activity Framework of Design-Based Learning Integration on CT. In addition, this study involves design validation and statistical analysis to determine the validity of the design and its effect on the variables of student engagement, computational perspective, and CT process. The instructional process framework was developed using a systematic literature review, validation analysis using the content validity index (CVI), and statistical analysis using a one-sample t-test. This study was conducted in the physics experiment design course with 23 students. The instrument consists of a CVI, student engagement, CT process, and perspective. The analysis showed that the instructional activities of design-based learning integration in CT stages are as follows: (1) Find, define, and develop an idea (abstraction); (2) background research (decomposition); (3) build an artifact (algorithm thinking); and (4) design the final product (generalization and evaluation). An I-CVI/Ave score of 1 means the design check using the CVI was acceptable. Moreover, the result of one sample t-test analysis showed that the implementation of the learning process framework was significantly influenced by student engagement (p < 0.05), CT process (p < 0.05), and CT perspective (p < 0.05). Therefore, these results support the learning process framework, specifically in the physics experiment design course.
SOLO-based Formative Assessments in Teaching and Learning Earthquakes
Authors:   Cebu Normal University, Sudaria Conie Mae , Sanchez Joje Mar ,   Cebu Normal University
Published: December 2024

The study examined how well Structure of the Observed Learning Outcome (SOLO)-based formative evaluations might improve students’ comprehension in the context of science education, with an emphasis on seismic events like earthquakes. Using a mixed-method research design, the study assesses students’ entry understanding, how they advance through formative assessments, and how they consolidate their knowledge at the exit phase. Study findings revealed a significant difference between students’ understanding (t = 26.128, p = 0.000) and high acceptance of SOLO-based assessments (μ = 4.47, SD = 0.42). Simultaneously, qualitative insights shed light on emerging themes, emphasizing students’ adoption of particular teaching strategies and cooperative learning approaches. The results highlight the pedagogical benefits of SOLO-based assessments and support their inclusion as a crucial element of contemporary science instruction. In addition, actionable suggestions are outlined for instructors and curriculum developers, focusing on incorporating visual aids and cooperative learning techniques. Although the study provides invaluable insights, it also recognizes its inherent limits and suggests directions for future research to build on and improve upon these findings.
From Measuring to Action: The Next Steps in Physics Teachers’ Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge
Authors:   Ilia State University, Mgeladze Ana , Kapanadze Marika ,   Ilia State University, Chakhaia Lela ,   Ilia State University
Published: December 2024

The Technological, Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) model serves as a comprehensive conceptual framework that delineates the essential knowledge domains teachers must possess to effectively integrate technology within educational settings. By synthesizing technological knowledge, pedagogical knowledge, and content knowledge, TPACK empowers educators to create innovative, engaging, and meaningful learning experiences that cater to diverse student needs. Extensive research has indicated that teaching practices informed by the TPACK framework can significantly enhance student motivation, foster critical thinking skills, and improve overall academic performance. Moreover, the successful implementation of TPACK is contingent upon several critical factors, including ongoing professional development opportunities for educators, the availability of adequate technological resources, and the cultivation of a supportive school culture that encourages collaboration and experimentation. A recent paper presents, the results of a quantitative study conducted using the TPACK questionnaire. Data are collected utilizing the database of the Association of Physics Teachers of Georgia. Confirmatory factor analysis for the constructs’ reliability is conducted. The results of the factor analysis are grouped into four factors, which differ from those in other studies and are discussed below. Based on these findings, recommendations are provided for the improvement and integrating technology into physics teacher education.
Early Childhood Eco-Anxieties Regarding Environmental Problems
Authors:   Uşak University, Erol Dilek
Published: December 2024

Eco-anxiety is the sense of loss that an individual feels in the face of environmental problems, which includes emotions such as sadness, anger, and distress. This study aims to identify early childhood children's eco-anxieties related to the problems of drought, forest fires, and endangered species. The study was conducted with 55 children in the 4-8 age group attending a public school. Since the study aims to identify children's eco-anxieties as they are, the study was designed as a qualitative case study. The data were obtained through a structured interview form and analyzed through content analysis. According to the study results, 96% of children have eco anxieties about drought, forest fires, and endangered species. Adverse changes in the environment, losses in the child's life, loss of life, loss of food, human indifference, and economic anxiety were identified as the root causes of children's eco-anxiety. Considering the data, the eco-anxiety experienced by children should be considered in public studies to be prepared and carried out on environmental problems, information to be shared in the media, and environmental education activities at schools, and actions should be designed to solve environmental problems.
Enhancing Formal Assessment Using Concept Cartoons in Physics: A Teacher’s Perspective
Authors:   Nelson Mandela University, Zivanayi William , Nwaigwe Chinelo Georgina Candy ,   Nelson Mandela University
Published: December 2024

Fostering methods that promote learners’ conceptual understanding is crucial for better performance in science subjects. This study investigated how teachers of physical sciences perceive the utilization of Concept Cartoons as a formative evaluation tool. Ten Grade 11 teachers selected from secondary schools in the Nelson Mandela Bay district of Gqeberha were utilized for this study. A qualitative research approach which included a pre-intervention questionnaire, an intervention, and a post-intervention face-to-face interview was utilized. The intervention involved a discussion on how to use Concept Cartoons in formal assessment in the teaching of Newton’s Laws. Pre-intervention phase results indicated that teachers were not using formal assessment techniques in their science lessons. Postintervention results showed that teachers appreciated the use of Concept Cartoons as a formal assessment tool that could be used to improve conceptual understanding of Newton’s Laws. The study concludes that Concept Cartoons have been effective as a science teaching tool. The use of Concept Cartoons provides an alternative formative assessment technique vital for the understanding of science concepts.
STEM Education in ASEAN Countries: Practices and Way Forward
Authors:   Southern Leyte State University, Sarsale Jackylou , Lopez Eva Niña ,   Western Philippines University, Alia Leemarc ,   Mindanao State University at Naawan Poblacion, Alejandro Blanca ,   Cebu Normal University
Published: December 2024

Several countries have developed STEM education to boost global competitiveness. Studies on the implementation of STEM have revealed that educators and curriculum developers employ a variety of frameworks. These variances highlight the need for educators in the ASEAN community to have a shared understanding of STEM implementation to guide their teaching practice. We analyzed the literature on STEM implementation to create a knowledge base that would better guide policymakers and educators. The initial literature search identified 988 studies, but only 11 articles met the inclusion criteria for selection. We report on STEM education practices in ASEAN countries, their implementation status, and their impact on learners. We also discuss the geographical and practical gaps and highlight critical areas for future inquiries.
Exploring Active Learning Strategies in Science among Senior High School STEM Learners and Teachers
Authors:   Visayas State University, Yunzal Ananias Jr , Rallos Aubrey Ginelle ,   Central Philippines State University, Nanud May Noren ,   Misamis University, Ondoy Ma. Lina ,   Ocana National High School, Ares Jhun Matthew ,   Ocana National High School, Picardal Marchee ,   Cebu Normal University
Published: December 2024

With the recent data revealing the performance status of Filipino learners in science aggravated by the negative effects of the pandemic, a concerted effort is directed toward exploring how learners learn science concepts in the current educational landscape to address issues of poor conceptual understanding and a learning gap. This qualitative study explored the perceptions of STEM learners on different ways of learning science concepts and how teachers developed the habits and attitudes of learning science among their students to develop conceptual understanding. Using a descriptive phenomenological approach, a semi-structured interview guide was conducted among 15 teachers with their corresponding students (n = 60) to explore their strategies and purposeful ways of learning and understanding concepts in science. Thematic analysis revealed five themes that describe STEM learners’ science learning process: extended reading, recalling, and rewriting; seeking help from MKO (more knowledgeable others); self-directed learning; acquisition from learning resources; and experiential learning. Both learners’ and teachers’ narratives emphasized the need for diverse approaches catering to the needs, interests, and contexts of every individual to promote the science of learning among students. While learners are struggling to concretize abstract concepts in science, their varied intentional science of learning enables them to navigate in the learning process.
Examining Ghanaian Lower Secondary School Science Test through Revised Bloom’s Taxonomy
Authors:   University of Eastern Finland, Adofo Stephen , Kärkkäinen Sirpa ,   University of Eastern Finland, Keinonen Tuula ,   University of Eastern Finland
Published: December 2024

This study examined integrated science questions of the Basic Education Certificate Examination (BECE) in Ghana at the end of grade 9. Results from BECE determine which senior high school a student can attend. Science questions (n = 751) over the span of eight years were analyzed in this study and viewed under the lens of the revised Bloom’s Taxonomy using content analysis. Results show that the majority of the test questions fall under the categories of remembering facts and understanding issues in the revised Bloom’s Taxonomy. There were fewer questions related to applying acquired knowledge and analyzing or evaluating issues. Test questions did not include items testing the creation of new knowledge or related combinations. Questions were proportionally distributed across agriculture and environmental science, and the natural sciences (biology, physics, and chemistry). The test also contained several inquiry-related questions distributed across the taxonomy levels and various disciplines. Inquiry questions spanned remembering, understanding, applying, analyzing, and evaluating with most questions belonging to remembering and understanding. By emphasizing higher-order thinking skills such as analysis, evaluation, and creation in test questions, it is possible that the test may direct science education to enhance students’ competencies in their personal and professional lives.