bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fuzzy logic based control system for fresh water aquaculture: A MATLAB based simulation approach
Authors: Rana Dinesh , Rani Sudha
Published: July 2015

Fuzzy control is regarded as the most widely used application of fuzzy logic.
Fuzzy logic is an innovative technology to design solutions for
multiparameter and non-linear control problems. One of the greatest
advantages of fuzzy control is that it uses human experience and process
information obtained from operator rather than a mathematical model for the
definition of a control strategy. As a result, it often delivers solutions
faster than conventional control design techniques. The proposed system is
an attempt to apply fuzzy logic techniques to predict the stress factor on
the fish, based on line data and rule base generated using domain expert.
The proposed work includes a use of Data acquisition system, an interfacing
device for on line parameter acquisition and analysis, fuzzy logic
controller (FLC) for inferring the stress factor. The system takes stress
parameters on the fish as inputs, fuzzified by using FLC with knowledge base
rules and finally provides single output. All the parameters are controlled
and calibrated by the fuzzy logic toolbox and MATLAB programming.
Very compact UWB antenna with group delay improvement
Authors: Tahanian Esmaeel , Hasani Hamidreza
Published: July 2015

In this paper, very compact (12mm?17mm) and simple UWB antenna is proposed.
The achieved bandwidth of the presented antenna is from 3.05 GHz to 12.5 GHz
and in the most of the bandwidth, the return loss is less than -20dB. In
addition to frequency characteristics, time characteristics such as group
delay variations for three different antenna positions, namely, front to
front, back to back and side by side using CST MW studio are simulated and
discussed. To improve the group delay variations, by changing the radius of
the circle on the back side of the antenna, the antenna gain in different
frequencies will be tuned, therefore, the time domain characteristics of the
proposed antenna are greatly improved.
Implementation of control logic in the scoreboard of tennis
Authors: Ilijin Sandra , Petkovic Predrag
Published: July 2015

This paper presents one original solution of control logic for scoreboard in
tennis match. The main goal is to simplify the process of recording points.
Instead of using six buttons the chair umpire (referee) will use only two
control buttons or a joystick to assign a point to a player. The proposed
system takes care of all other data processing. The system is designed in
Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASIC) and Standard Application
Specific Integrated Circuits (SASIC) technology to demonstrate similarities
and differences between two design technologies. Finally it is realized on
FPGA type EP2C35F672C6 from Cyclone II Altera?s family.
Estimation of similarity between functions extracted from x86 executable files
Authors: Berta Katarina , Stojanovic Sasa , Cvetanovic Milos , Radivojevic Zaharije
Published: July 2015

Comparison of functions is required in various domains of software
engineering. In most domains, comparison is done using source code, but in
some domains, such as license violation or malware analysis, only binary code
is available. The goal of this paper is to evaluate whether the existing
solution meant for ARM architecture can be applied to x86 architecture. The
existing solution encompasses multiple approaches, but for the purpose of
this paper three representative approaches are implemented; two are based on
machine learning, and the third does not require previous knowledge. Results
show that the best recalls obtained for the first ten positions on both
architectures are comparable and do not differ significantly. The results
confirm that adaptation of all approaches of the existing solution is not
only possible but also promising and represent adequate basis for future
research.
Asymmetrical peer interaction and formal operational development: Dialogue dimensions analysis
Authors: Stepanovic-Ilic Ivana , Baucal Aleksandar , Pesic Jelena
Published: July 2015

The main goal of the study is to define dialogue dimensions in order to
describe the interaction within peer dyads and potentially connect them with
formal operations development in the less competent participants. Its
significance is related to rare investigations of this subject in the context
of formal operations development and to practical implications regarding peer
involvement in education process. The sample included 316 students aged 12
and 14. The research had an experimental design: pre-test, intervention and
post-test. In the pre-test and the post-test phases students solved the
formal operations test BLOT. According to the pre-test results, 47 dyads were
formed where less and more competent students jointly solved tasks from BLOT.
Their dialogues were coded by 14 dimensions operationalized for this purpose.
Correlations between the dialogue dimensions indicate clearly distinguished
positive and negative interaction patterns. There are no connections between
dialogue dimensions and progress of less competent adolescents on BLOT in the
entire sample, but several are found in the subsamples. Arguments exchange
seems to be the most encouraging dialogue feature regarding formal operations
development, particularly in older students. This confirms relevant research
data and the expectations about peers? constructive role in fostering
cognitive development.
The development of giftedness within the three-level system of music education in Poland and Serbia: Outcomes at different stages
Authors: Nogaj Anna , Bogunovic Blanka
Published: July 2015

The character of this article is theoretical and practice oriented, therefore
offering educational implications for music educators and music
psychologists. Its main objective is to give an overview of the most
important musical and developmental changes of musically talented children
and youth, at different stages of the three-level specialized music
education. The theoretical background of the article refers to stage theories
of development of gifted with the intention to point out correspondence
between stages of development and the specificity of music education stages.
Theoretical conceptions are used as a framework to synthesize and to
interpret empirical data and practice-related professional experiences of
psychologists in music schools in Poland and Serbia. Both countries, though
culturally distinct in nature and in the character of traditional music, are
characterized by a very similar system of specialized/professional music
education. Further on, the article presents a review of the wide range of
benefits/outcomes experienced by music school students, as a result of the
highly simulative, systematic and supportive environment of music learning.
The article begins with an introduction to the context of the specialized
music education system in Poland and Serbia and then presents how a
particular system of education for the gifted contributes to the development
in the field of acquiring musical knowledge and skills, as well as to
benefits/outcomes of the education system for the personal, social and
professional development of the musically gifted, indicating a wide range of
positive experiences.
Detecting Meniscal Tears in Primary Care: Reproducibility and Accuracy of 2 Weight-Bearing Tests and 1 Non–Weight-Bearing Test
Authors: Snoeker Barbara A.M. , Lindeboom Robert , Zwinderman Aeilko H. , Vincken Patrice W.J. , Jansen Joris A. , Lucas Cees
Published: July 2015

Study Design

Diagnostic accuracy study using a cross-sectional design.

Objectives

To determine the interexaminer reliability and the diagnostic accuracy in primary care of 1 existing weight-bearing meniscal test, the Thessaly test, 1 new weight-bearing test, the deep squat test, and 1 non-weight-bearing test, the joint-line tenderness test.

Background

Meniscal tears are difficult to detect in primary care. Although valuable in secondary care, weight-bearing physical examination tests require validation in primary care in unselected patients.

Methods

Between October 2009 and December 2013, 121 patients (age range, 18–65 years) seen in primary care and suspected of having internal derangement of the knee of less than 6 months in duration were included in the study. Diagnostic accuracy of the 3 meniscal tests was determined based on assessment with magnetic resonance imaging. The meniscal tests were performed by 3 trained physical therapists, who were not informed about the patient history and magnetic resonance imaging results. Each test was performed independently by 2 of the 3 trained physical therapists in alternating pairs.

Results

The Thessaly test and the deep squat test had a moderate level of interexaminer reliability, with kappas of 0.54 and 0.46, respectively. The joint-line tenderness test had poor interexaminer reliability and was therefore not assessed for diagnostic accuracy. The following results are reported separately for both examiners. The Thessaly test had a sensitivity of 66.7% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 53.0%, 78.0%) and 51.2% (95% CI: 36.8%, 65.4%), a specificity of 37.9% (95% CI: 27.2%, 50.0%) and 43.5% (95% CI: 30.2%, 57.8%), a positive likelihood ratio of 1.07 (95% CI: 0.82, 1.41) and 0.91 (95% CI: 0.62, 1.33), and a negative likelihood ratio of 0.88 (95% CI: 0.54, 1.45) and 1.12 (95% CI: 0.72, 1.76). Similarly, the deep squat test had a sensitivity of 74.5% (95% CI: 61.1%, 84.5%) and 76.7% (95% CI: 62.3%, 86.9%), a specificity of 42.4% (95% CI: 31.2%, 54.4%) and 36.2% (95% CI: 24.0%, 50.5%), a positive likelihood ratio of 1.29 (95% CI: 0.97, 1.68) and 1.20 (95% CI: 0.92, 1.58), and a negative likelihood ratio of 0.60 (95% CI: 0.35, 1.04) and 0.64 (95% CI: 0.33, 1.25).

Conclusion

Although the Thessaly and deep squat tests have a moderate level of reliability, neither test is sufficiently accurate to help in the diagnosis of meniscal tears in primary care. Future research should focus on other relevant patient variables instead of on physical examination tests in the detection of meniscal tears.

Level of Evidence

Diagnosis, level 3b. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2015;45(9):693–702. Epub 10 Jul 2015. doi:10.2519/jospt.2015.5712
Ultrasound Imaging in Postpartum Women With Diastasis Recti: Intrarater Between-Session Reliability
Authors: Keshwani Nadia , McLean Linda
Published: July 2015

Study Design

Clinimetrics.

Objectives

To investigate the intrarater between-session reliability of inter-rectus distance (IRD) measurement using ultrasound imaging in postpartum women with diastasis recti.

Background

Diastasis recti, a separation of the rectus abdominis muscles at the linea alba, occurs as a result of pregnancy and is characterized by increased IRD. The measurement of IRD in this population is of interest to determine changes in diastasis recti severity over time, or in response to treatment. Ultrasound imaging has been proposed as a useful tool to measure IRD in women with diastasis recti; however, the consistency of IRD measurement in this population using ultrasound imaging has, to our knowledge, never been investigated.

Methods

Ultrasound imaging was used to measure IRD in 20 women with diastasis recti on 2 different occasions. On each testing occasion, images were acquired at 4 locations along the linea alba while participants remained relaxed and while they performed a head lift to activate the rectus abdominis muscles. Reliability statistics included intraclass correlation coefficients, Bland-Altman analyses, minimum clinically important difference, and standard error of the measurement.

Results

Between-session reliability of IRD measurement was high, particularly when measuring IRD at or above the umbilicus, as indicated by intraclass correlation coefficients greater than 0.90 and low standard error of the measurement and minimum clinically important difference values (below 0.17 cm and 0.46 cm, respectively). Reliability coefficients were poorer when measuring IRD below the umbilicus.

Conclusion

When performed by an experienced investigator, ultrasound imaging is a reliable tool by which to measure IRD in postpartum women who have diastasis recti. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2015;45(9):713–718. Epub 10 Jul 2015. doi:10.2519/jospt.2015.5879
Torque teno sus virus 1 and 2 viral loads in faeces of porcine circovirus 2-positive pigs
Authors: de Castro Alessandra M. M. G. , Baldin Cintia M. , Favero Cintia M. , Gerber Priscilla F. , Cipullo Rafael I. , Richtzenhain Leonardo J.
Published: July 2015

Recently, studies have suggested an association between the Torque teno sus virus (TTSuV) and the Porcine circovirus-2 (PCV2) in PCV2-associated disease cases. The aim of this study was to verify TTSuVs loads in pig faeces from PCV2-positive animals with and without diarrhea from PCVAD-affected and PCV2-unvaccinated herds. A total of 80 faecal samples were collected individually from nursery and grow-finish pigs with (n = 40) or without (n = 40) diarrhea. The samples were tested for PCV2 and TTSuVs by using DNA binding dye SYBR Green quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Torque teno sus virus k2 (TTSuVk2) load in the faeces was significantly higher in the nursery pigs with diarrhea, and these pigs also exhibited significantly higher PCV2 (P < 0.01) faecal matter loads compared to the non-diarrheic animals from the same age group. Torque teno sus virus 1 (TTSuV1) viral loads were the same regardless of age group and disease condition. There were no correlations between PCV2 and TTSuV1 or TTSuVk2 and TTSuV1 viral loads; however, a weak correlation (r = 0.23, P = 0.03) was found between TTSuVk2 and PCV2 viral loads. In conclusion, TTSuVk2 viral loads were significantly higher in the diarrheic faeces from the nursery pigs. Additionally, the higher loads of PCV2 and TTSuVk2 in the nursery-diarrheic animals revealed that diarrhea might have an important role in the spread of both viruses in herds.
Emergency laparoscopic cryptorchidectomy for acute abdomen due to testicular torsion in a dog
Authors: Crha Michal , Van Goethem Bart , Dvořák Milan , Nečas Alois
Published: July 2015

A 7-year-old male Siberian husky was presented with signs of acute abdomen. Based on the history and diagnostic imaging findings, torsion of an undescended abdominal testis was presumed. Emergency exploratory laparoscopy was performed and confirmed spermatic cord torsion in a non-neoplastic testis. The testis was enlarged and local peritonitis was evident. Laparoscopic cryptorchidectomy was performed and the dog recovered uneventfully. Histopathology confirmed thrombosis and necrosis. Laparoscopy is not only the method of choice for elective cryptorchidectomy, but can also be used in patients with acute abdomen from testicular torsion of an undescended testis.
Friction stir spot welding of aluminum alloys: A recent review
Authors: Ojo Olatunji Oladimeji , Taban Emel , Kaluc Erdinc
Published: July 2015

The application prospect of aluminum alloys in aerospace, high speed train manufacturing, shipbuilding and automotive industries is increasing and friction stir spot welding (FSSW) is adjudged to be a non-fusion and suitable joining technology for it. Conversely, friction stir spot welding has challenging attributes such as objectionable FSSW tool pin performance and short life span in mass production stage, creation of crack initiation sites like hook defect, material flow voids and probe hole, as well as restrictions on thickness of materials that can be welded. These challenges have caused a lot of tool profile innovative modifications and technological advancement in friction stir spot welding of aluminum alloys. Nevertheless, some of these vital issues are still unresolved and this notion makes FSSW an evolving solid state joining technology. A succinct view of literature on FSSW of aluminum alloys reveals that most researchers have limited their research to the characterization of microstructure and mechanical properties of aluminum welds; thus leaving a blatant research gap in post-weld tool examinations. Tool wear mechanism and void formation mechanism in FSSW processes as well as characterization of friction stir spot welded aluminum alloys are research areas that need critical examinations. Nevertheless, this publication combines the innovative and recently developed friction stir spot welding technologies of aluminum alloys and assesses their generalized process parameters; it also covers microstructural and mechanical properties of aluminum alloys available in literature. This report classifies FSSW of aluminum alloys based on three criteria namely, probe amendment, shoulder adjustment and complexity of tool movement.
Impact behavior of multi-layer carbon skin composite sandwich panels with 3D spacer fabric
Authors: Kuş Abdil
Published: July 2015

For this study, the strengths against impact effects of multi-layer composite sandwich panels reinforced by additional lamination structures using 3D spacer fabric have been investigated. To determine the impact strengths of the produced sandwich panels, falling weight tests with a constant impact energy of 15 J were performed on all of the samples, and the loads and absorbed energy were monitored as a function of time. In addition, the damage mechanisms occurring in the structure during impact were examined. Overall, according to the analysis of the damaged surface, the different impacts created a regional penetration area. Furthermore, no deviation in the breakdown of the surface texture was observed in the regions outside of the penetration area.
Effect of sintering temperature on transverse rupture strength of hot pressed Cu-TiC composites
Authors: Islak Serkan
Published: July 2015

In this study, effect of sintering temperature on transverse rupture strength (TRS) of Cu-TiC composites produced using hot pressing (HP) technique has been studied. Copper matrix composites reinforced with 10 wt.-% TiC particles were produced under a pressure of 50 MPa, at 600, 700 and 800 °C, and for a sintering time of 4 minutes, respectively. The TRS of the composites were determined using three-point bending test. SEM was used to analyze the fractured surfaces of composites. SEM results showed that with increasing sintering temperature, pores and gaps in the fractured surfaces decreased. The ultimate transverse rupture strength of Cu-TiC composites was found to increase with increasing sintering temperature.
Evaluation of double channel GMAW fillet welds of low carbon steel using solid wire
Authors: Mert Tolga , Gultekin Nurullah , Karaaslan Ahmet
Published: July 2015

S235JR low carbon steel material with web and flange thicknesses of 8 mm was welded by conventional GMAW and double channel shielding gas method to form double fillet T-joints. The differences between these two methods were characterized by measurements of mean welding parameters, Vickers hardness profiles, molten and HAZ areas of the joints and thermal camera temperature measurements. According to the results, lower mean arc voltage along with lower heat input was obtained using double channel shielding gas method. Vickers hardness values were higher using conventional GMAW. Moreover, mean filler metal molten area values were higher using double channel shielding gas method, which depicted that this method increased productivity. Smaller HAZ area values acquired with double channel shielding gas method is an indication of more intense heat input.
Friction behavior of granite powder added brake pads
Authors: Sugozu Ilker , Can İbrahim , Oner Cengiz , Bagirov Hanlar
Published: July 2015

Brake linings used in automotive disks are usually composed of various components. The expected properties of a brake lining are the standard values of wear resistance, friction coefficient and the economical manufacturing. Brake lining extremely warms up during braking due to friction. The braking performance of braking lining can change or the braking lining undergoes mechanical deformation due to excessive temperature. In this study, the effect of granite powder in the brake friction material on various aspects of friction characteristics were investigated. Three friction material specimens were produced based on an experimental formulation, and they contained 2, 6 and 10 % granite powder, respectively, with fixed composition of the other ingredients. Tribological properties of the friction materials were obtained using a brake dynamometer. Results showed that the friction materials containing 2 and 6 % granite powder had improved friction stability and fade resistance.
Machining of an involute worm gear drive using the surface definition procedure
Authors: Savas Vedat , Ozay Cetin , Yapici Abdulkerim
Published: July 2015

There is a need for special machines and methods for machining of an involute worm gear drive. Due to these necessities, the machines for involute profile machining are limited and the production costs are also excessive. There are general approaches applicable for various types of gearwheel machining. As known, involute worm gears are generally machined in two ways, namely by the rolling method and by form milling. The rolling method is the most widely used one. In this study, the aim is to develop a novel machining method for involute worm gear drive production, which can be more often used in industrial production. Furthermore, this method should reduce machining costs andsimplify the manufacturing process for involute gear drives. Thus, theoretical calculations for the involute form of worm gear drive have been done and an analytical model has been set up using Matlab M file. Machining coordinates of involute worm gear have been created and transformed to G codes. So, the involute curve has been formed. Accuracy of those derived machining codes has been tested by using a CNC Simulator program. Finally, an involute worm gear drive has been machined in a CNC lathe (with two axes) machine using grooving tool and the newly designed special tool holder.
On the wear of TiB
x
/TiSi
y
C
z
coatings deposited on 316L steel
Authors: Twardowska Agnieszka , Morgiel Jerzy , Rajchel Boguslaw
Published: July 2015

Bilayer TiB
x
/TiSi
y
C
z
coatings were formed on AISI 316L steel substrates by dual beam ion beam assisted deposition from TiB
x
and TiSi
y
C
z
targets. Coated and uncoated substrates were subjected to nanoindentation, scratch and friction-wear tests. Scratch and ball-on-disc tests were conducted in non-lubricated sliding, using a diamond pin and 100Cr6 steel ball, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy were used to examine the surfaces of coated samples, before and after tests. To investigate wear mechanisms in the coating–substrate systems, thin foils were prepared from worn areas for transmission electron microscopy observations. TiB
x
/TiSi
y
C
z
coatings proved to be well adherent to steel substrates. The main wear mechanism was of abrasive type. Intensive plastic deformation of steel substrate under critical loads was revealed.
The effects of external compressive stress on the kinetics of low temperature bainitic transformation and microstructure in a superbainite steel
Authors: Zhou Mingxing , Xu Guang , Zhang Yulong , Xue Zhengliang
Published: July 2015

The effects of external compressive stress below the yield strength of austenite on the kinetics of low temperature bainitic transformation and microstructure in a superbainite steel were studied through dilatometry, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis simultaneously. The results show that even under a relatively low isothermal temperature of 300°C, compressive stress less than yield stress can clearly accelerate bainitic transformation because of the increase in total driving force for bainitic transformation and anisotropic transformation strain. Bainite ferrite becomes longer, the orientations of bainite sheaves become more uniform and the transformation strain becomes anisotropic under external compressive stress because of variants selection. The amount of bainite increases while the amount of martensite decreases with the application of external stress.
Reduction in high-frequency hearing loss following technical modifications to microvascular decompression for hemifacial spasm
Authors: Thirumala Parthasarathy , Frederickson Andrew M. , Balzer Jeffrey , Crammond Donald , Habeych Miguel E. , Chang Yue-Fang , Sekula Raymond F.
Published: July 2015

OBJECT

Microvascular decompression is a safe and effective procedure to treat hemifacial spasm, but the operation poses some risk to the patient’s hearing. While severe sensorineural hearing loss across all frequencies occurs at a low rate in experienced hands, a recent study suggests that as many as one-half of patients who undergo this procedure may experience ipsilateral high-frequency hearing loss (HFHL), and as many as one-quarter may experience contralateral HFHL. While it has been suggested that drill-related noise may account for this finding, this study was designed to examine the effect of a number of techniques designed to protect the vestibulocochlear nerve from operative manipulation on the incidence of HFHL.

METHODS

Pure-tone audiometry was performed both preoperatively and postoperatively on 67 patients who underwent microvascular decompression for hemifacial spasm during the study period. A change of greater than 10 dB at either 4 kHz or 8 kHz was considered to be HFHL. Additionally, the authors analyzed intraoperative brainstem auditory evoked potentials from this patient cohort.

RESULTS

The incidence of ipsilateral HFHL in this cohort was 7.4%, while the incidence of contralateral HFHL was 4.5%. One patient (1.5%; also included in the HFHL group) experienced an ipsilateral nonserviceable hearing loss.

CONCLUSIONS

The reduced incidence of HFHL in this study suggests that technical modifications including performing the procedure without the use of fixed retraction may greatly reduce, but not eliminate, the occurrence of HFHL following microvascular decompression for hemifacial spasm.
Acute progression of untreated incidental WHO Grade II glioma to glioblastoma in an asymptomatic patient
Authors: Cochereau Jérôme , Herbet Guillaume , Rigau Valérie , Duffau Hugues
Published: July 2015

WHO Grade II glioma (low-grade glioma [LGG]) is increasingly diagnosed as an incidental finding in patients undergoing MRI for many conditions. Recent data have demonstrated that such incidental LGGs are progressive tumors that undergo clinical transformation and ultimately become malignant. Although asymptomatic LGG seems to represent an earlier step in the natural course of a glioma than the symptomatic LGG, it is nonetheless impossible to predict at the individual level when the tumor will become malignant. The authors report the case of a 43-year-old woman with a right operculo-insular LGG that was incidentally diagnosed because of headaches. No treatment was proposed, and repeated MRI scans were performed for 6 years in another institution. Due to a slow but continuous growth of the lesion, the patient was finally referred to our center to undergo surgery. Interestingly, objective calculation of the velocity of the tumor’s diametric expansion demonstrated a sudden acceleration of the growth rate within the 5 months preceding surgery, with the development of contrast enhancement. Remarkably, the patient was still asymptomatic. An awake resection was performed with intraoperative electrical mapping. There was no functional worsening following surgery, as assessed on postoperative neuropsychological examination. Removal of 92% of signal abnormality on FLAIR MRI was achieved, with complete resection of the area of contrast enhancement. Neuropathological examination revealed a glioblastoma, and the patient was subsequently treated with concomitant radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Although a “wait and see” attitude has been advocated by some authors with respect to incidental LGG, our original case demonstrates that acute transformation to glioblastoma may nonetheless occur, even before the onset of any symptoms. Therefore, because the lack of symptoms does not protect from malignant transformation, we propose consideration of earlier resection in a more systematic manner in cases of incidental LGG.
Genetic characterization of skull base chondrosarcomas
Authors: Kanamori Hiroki , Kitamura Yohei , Kimura Tokuhiro , Yoshida Kazunari , Sasaki Hikaru
Published: July 2015

OBJECT

Although chondrosarcomas rarely arise in the skull base, chondrosarcomas and chordomas are the 2 major malignant bone neoplasms occurring at this location. The distinction of these 2 tumors is important, but this distinction is occasionally problematic because of radiological and histological overlap. Unlike chordoma and extracranial chondrosarcoma, no case series presenting a whole-genome analysis of skull base chondrosarcomas (SBCSs) has been reported. The goal of this study is to clarify the genetic characteristics of SBCSs and contrast them with those of chordomas.

METHODS

The authors analyzed 7 SBCS specimens for chromosomal copy number alterations (CNAs) using comparative genomic hybridization (CGH). They also examined IDH1 and IDH2 mutations and brachyury expression.

RESULTS

In CGH analyses, the authors detected CNAs in 6 of the 7 cases, including chromosomal gains of 8q21.1, 19, 2q22-q32, 5qcen-q14, 8q21-q22, and 15qcen-q14. Mutation of IDH1 was found with a high frequency (5 of 7 cases, 71.4%), of which R132S was most frequently mutated. No IDH2 mutations were found, and immunohistochemical staining for brachyury was negative in all cases.

CONCLUSIONS

To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first whole-genome study of an SBSC case series. Their findings suggest that these tumors are molecularly consistent with a subset of conventional central chondrosarcomas and different from skull base chordomas.
Minimizing bone gaps when using custom pediatric cranial implants is associated with implant success
Authors: Bowers Christian A. , McMullin Jaron H. , Brimley Cameron , Etherington Linsey , Siddiqi Faizi A. , Riva-Cambrin Jay
Published: July 2015

OBJECT

Occasionally after a craniotomy, the bone flap is discarded (as in the case of osteomyelitis) or is resorbed (especially after trauma), and an artificial implant must be inserted in a delayed fashion. Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) implants and hard-tissue replacement patient-matched implants (HTR-PMI) are both commonly used in such cases. This study sought to compare the failure rate of these 2 implants and identify risk factors of artificial implant failure in pediatric patients.

METHODS

This was a retrospective cohort study examining all pediatric patients who received PEEK or HTR-PMI cranioplasty implants from 2000 to 2013 at a single institution. The authors examined the following variables: age, sex, race, mechanism, surgeon, posttraumatic hydrocephalus, time to cranioplasty, bone gap width, and implant type. The primary outcome of interest was implant failure, defined as subsequent removal and replacement of the implant. These variables were analyzed in a bivariate statistical fashion and in a multivariate logistic regression model for the significant variables.

RESULTS

The authors found that 78.3% (54/69) of implants were successful. The mean patient age was 8.2 years, and a majority of patients were male (73%, 50/69); the mean follow-up for the cohort was 33.3 months. The success rate of the 41 HTR-PMI implants was 78.1%, and the success rate of the 28 PEEK implants was 78.6% (p = 0.96). Implants with a bone gap of > 6 mm were successful in 33.3% of cases, whereas implants with a gap of < 6 mm had a success rate of 82.5% (p = 0.02). In a multivariate model with custom-type implants, previous failed custom cranial implants, time elapsed from previous cranioplasty attempt, and bone gap size, the only independent risk factor for implant failure was a bone gap > 6 mm (odds ratio 8.3, 95% confidence interval 1.2–55.9).

CONCLUSIONS

PEEK and HTR-PMI implants appear to be equally successful when custom implantation is required. A bone gap of > 6 mm with a custom implant in children results in significantly higher artificial implant failure.
Pattern of Pulmonary Function Test in Patients with Severe Mitral Stenosis
Authors: Khan Umme Salma , Majumder Abdullah Al Shafi , Islam AKM Monwarul , Mohammed Fazle Rabbi
Published: July 2015

Background: The deterioration in lung function in mitral stenosis correlates with the severity of stenotic valves. A correlation is noted between vital capacity and the severity of dyspnoea in patients with mitral stenosis. This study tried to evaluate the pattern of pulmonary function test in patient with severe mitral stenosis.Materials & Methods: This study involving 56 patients of severe mitral stenosis was performed in a referral cardiovascular center at Dhaka, Bangladesh from January to September, 2011. Colour doppler echocardiography and pulmonary function test were performed in each cases. Forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in first second (FEV1), FEV1/FVC and peak expiratory flow (PEF) rate was assessed from pulmonary function test. Finally, pattern of pulmonary function test in severe mitral stenosis was assessed.Results: Amomg 56 patients, 46 were female with a male female ratio 1: 0.22 and the mean age of patients was 28.76 ± 7.2. Among patients with severe mitral stenosis, mean FEV1 (%) was 60.18 ± 13.054. Minimum FVC (%) was 26, maximum was 90 with mean 53.80 ± 12.313. The PEF varied from 150 to 330 L/minute with mean 223.75 ± 62.3251. In current study, out of 56 patients, 2 cases had obstructive type and rest of the patients had restricted type of airway on pulmonary function.Conclusion: The brief results of this study reveal that severe mitral stenosis is associated with impaired pulmonary function, usually presenting restrictive airway pattern.Bangladesh Crit Care J September 2014; 2 (2): 57-59
Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis
Authors: Anam Ahmad Mursel , Shumy Farzana , Shareef Adnan , Rabbani Raihan
Published: July 2015

Abstract not availableBangladesh Crit Care J September 2014; 2 (2): 90-91
Tracheal intubation in the ICU: Life saving or life threatening?
Authors: Myatra Sheila Nainan
Published: July 2015

Abstract not availableBangladesh Crit Care J March 2015; 3 (1): 1-2
Rapidly Deteriorating Dysphagia Complicating Steroid - Resistant Dermatomyositis Successfully Treated with Intravenous - Immunoglobulin
Authors: Rahim Muhammad Abdur , Haque Hasna Fahmima , Dewan Pratik , Ahmed AKM Shaheen , Uddin Khwaja Nazim
Published: July 2015

Dermatomyositis typically presents with proximal myopathy and skin rash. Dysphagia is not an uncommon feature. Here we describe a middle aged Bangladeshi man, who presented with facial puffiness and erythema, photosensitivity, polyarthritis and proximal myopathy. Diagnostic work-up confirmed dermatomyositis. Malignancy and other connective tissue diseases were excluded. The patient did not respond to conventional immunosuppressive agents, rather deterioration occurred to involve pharyngeal and respiratory muscles. He required transfer to intensive care unit, mechanical ventilation and tracheostomy. His symptoms improved with intravenous-immunoglobulin.Bangladesh Crit Care J March 2015; 3 (1): 33-35
Islamic Philosophy of Education and Our Challenges Ahead
Authors: Khan Md Maimul Ahsan
Published: July 2015

Philosophical foundation of any area of study or disciple is very important aspect to deal with before undertaking comprehensible plans and programs to implement. Education is a quite undefined and ever expanding area of human resource development directly related to the nation-building, national security, and overall emancipation of the masses. Creaking highly professional and skilled human resources is indeed one of the prime goals for any education system. However, at the ground levels, our failure to disseminate minimum knowledge based on objective assimilation of required information may endanger the survival of the entire nation. Feeding the nation with only greed for money, wealth, and power may cause tremendous damage to the psyche of a nation leading to disastrous consequences for educational policies as well. Finding right kind of balance for educational and cultural system is a very big challenge. This complicated challenge with many ideological, social, and economic dichotomies can only be met by reforming education at its core. Any Morally sound and economically viable system of education needs technical support all the way from top to bottom. Simple mechanical and rote learning of anything may be good for some individual drives to be fulfilled immediately. But those drives as a whole may not be befitting to save a nation from ignorance, moral decadence and arrogance. Thus we can hardly overemphasize the importance of building a comprehensive philosophical foundation based on some universal and Islamic values directed to creating humble souls with cutting edge technological know-how beneficial for the entire ummah, human race, and major causes of environmental protection. The major objective of writing this paper is to articulate some of the challenges we have been confronting in our education system as a whole and to endeavor finding a few approaches to address at least some of those problems to help ourselves in making us better equipped to bring happiness, prosperity, and humility around us all, and also to keep trying to leave the planet a better place for the generations to come for their safety, security, and spiritual salvation in worldly life and hereafter.IIUC Studies Vol.9 December 2012: 59-78
English Literature from the Other Perspective: A Thought and an Approach
Authors: Salma Umme
Published: July 2015

English Literature as the knowledge of the former master is an exclusively challenging discipline to be focused from the Other perspective, from Muslim perspective, one among many Others. It is a bellicose field because in the postcolonial world its presence reminds of the colonial past, and declares the continuance of the myriad ideological projections and paradigmatic speculations of that past in the neocolonial form. Still postcolonial Indian Muslim societies are promoting and propagating English knowledge in every stage of educational institutions, and thus creating a culturally hybrid/syncretic nation which can neither accept Englishness entirely nor reject its own cultural inheritance and realities totally. Whereas other postcolonial nations can approve, accept and accelerate the mixed-up jumbled cultural syncretism gradually losing or conforming their native cultural signifiers with Western culture, Muslims cannot because the ideology and approach to life of Islam are straightly opposite to the English knowledge, emanated from the Judeo-Christian and Greco-Latin cultural heritage. Keeping in view the aforementioned ideas, the paper argues that this is high time to review this epistemological crisis from historical set up and to read English literature from the Other point of view. Therefore, it proposes some ways to re-read the English canonical compositions and puts forward as specimen the re-reading/teaching method of ENG: 2420, titled English Poetry: 17th &18th Centuries from the undergraduate syllabus of IIUC.IIUC Studies Vol.9 December 2012: 261-278
Morality and Ethics in Education and its Impact on the Society
Authors: Hoque Muhammad Aminul
Published: July 2015

The technology has been developing tremendously in the modern world with remarkable contribution in various sectors of human life, but it has failed to address the most important issues of morality and ethics. The lack of which has resulted the killing, eve teasing, degeneration and life of human beings has become cheaper than anything else. This is why, the need for a study on the importance of Islamic Values has become essential to arrest the degeneration and lawlessness in the society and make the people aware about their duties and responsibilities afresh. This research Article is highly expected to address this problem.IIUC Studies Vol.9 December 2012: 335-344
Drinking Hydrogen-Rich Water Has Additive Effects on Non-Surgical Periodontal Treatment of Improving Periodontitis: A Pilot Study
Authors: Azuma Tetsuji , Yamane Mayu , Ekuni Daisuke , Kawabata Yuya , Kataoka Kota , Kasuyama Kenta , Maruyama Takayuki , Tomofuji Takaaki , Morita Manabu
Published: July 2015

Oxidative stress is involved in the pathogenesis of periodontitis. A reduction of oxidative stress by drinking hydrogen-rich water (HW) might be beneficial to periodontal health. In this pilot study, we compared the effects of non-surgical periodontal treatment with or without drinking HW on periodontitis. Thirteen patients (3 women, 10 men) with periodontitis were divided into two groups: The control group (n = 6) or the HW group (n = 7). In the HW group, participants consumed HW 4–5 times/day for eight weeks. At two to four weeks, all participants received non-surgical periodontal treatment. Oral examinations were performed at baseline, two, four and eight weeks, and serum was obtained at these time points to evaluate oxidative stress. At baseline, there were no significant differences in periodontal status between the control and HW groups. The HW group showed greater improvements in probing pocket depth and clinical attachment level than the control group at two, four and eight weeks (p < 0.05). The HW group also exhibited an increased serum level of total antioxidant capacity at four weeks, compared to baseline (p < 0.05). Drinking HW enhanced the effects of non-surgical periodontal treatment, thus improving periodontitis.
Determination of Sesquiterpenes in Wines by HS-SPME Coupled with GC-MS
Authors: Cincotta Fabrizio , Verzera Antonella , Tripodi Gianluca , Condurso Concetta
Published: July 2015

The sesquiterpene compounds present in red wines were characterized and quantified by Headspace Solid-Phase Microextraction in combination with Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS). Sixteen sesquiterpenes were identified, mainly hydrocarbons but also derived oxygenated compounds. Sesquiterpenes were acyclic, monocyclic, byciclic and tryciclic. Sesquiterpenes were detected in SIM (selected ion monitoring) mode using their characteristics ions. All the sesquiterpenes were identified by mass spectral data, linear retention indices (LRI), literature data and injection of standards where available. Quantitative results were obtained using the method of standard additions. The method showed an average LOD = 0.05 µg L−1 and LOQ = 0.15 µg L−1. The monocyclic sesquiterpene with the germacrene skeleton, Germacrene D and the bicyclic sesquiterpene with the muurolane skeleton, α-muurolene were present in all the wine samples analysed. Syrah wines were the samples richest in sesquiterpenes in agreement with their typical spicy and woody notes. The results evidenced the possibility to use sesquiterpenes for wine authenticity and traceability.
Brown Tumors Due to Primary Hyperparathyroidism in a Patient with Parathyroid Carcinoma Mimicking Skeletal Metastases on 18F-FDG PET/CT
Authors: Andersen Kim , Albrecht-Beste Elisabeth
Published: July 2015

Parathyroid carcinoma only represents <1% of all cases of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT). Even rare, chronic PHPT may lead to excessive osteoclast activity, and the increased resorption leads to destruction of cortical bone and formation of fibrous cysts with deposits of hemosiderin—so-called brown tumors. These benign, osteolytic lesions may demonstrate FDG-avidity on 18F-FDG PET/CT, and as such are misinterpreted as skeletal metastases. Regression of the lesions may occur following successful treatment. We present a case demonstrating the diagnostic work-up and follow-up of a patient with PHPT due to parathyroid carcinoma and with presence of brown tumors on 18F-FDG PET/CT, visualizing the possible role of this imaging modality in the evaluation of treatment response in these patients.
Modeling on the Effect of Coal Loads on Kinetic Energy of Balls for Ball Mills
Authors: Bai Yan , He Fang
Published: July 2015

This paper presents a solution for the detection and control of coal loads that is more accurate and convenient than those currently used. To date, no research has addressed the use of a grinding medium as the controlled parameter. To improve the accuracy of the coal load detection based on the kinetic energy of balls in a tubular ball mill, a Discrete Element Method (DEM) model for ball kinematics based on coal loads is proposed. The operating process for a ball mill and the ball motion, as influenced by the coal quality and the coal load, was analyzed carefully. The relationship between the operating efficiency of a coal pulverizing system, coal loads, and the balls’ kinetic energy was obtained. Origin and Matlab were utilized to draw the variation of parameters with increasing coal loads in the projectile and cascading motion states. The parameters include the balls’ real-time kinetic energy, the friction energy consumption, and the mill’s total work. Meanwhile, a method of balanced adjacent degree and a physical experiment were proposed to verify the considerable effect of the balls’ kinetic energy on coal loads. The model and experiment results indicate that a coal load control method based on the balls’ kinetic energy is therefore feasible for the optimized operation of a coal pulverizing system.
Coal and Coalbed Methane Co-Extraction Technology Based on the Ground Movement in the Yangquan Coalfield, China
Authors: Hu Guozhong , Xu Jialin , Zhang Fuxi , Zhao Changchun , Qin Wei , Zhu Yiran
Published: July 2015

The Yangquan coalfield is one of the typical highly gassy mining areas in China. However, its coal seams are of lower permeability, which are not conductive to coalbed methane (CBM) drainage. In this study, based on the theory of the ground movement, we analyzed the principle of coal and CBM coextraction in the Yangquan coalfield, and established the technology system of coal and CBM coextraction which was further implemented in the coal and CBM coextraction in the Yangquan coalfield. The coal and CBM coextraction technologies based on the “pressure-relief and permeability-increase” effect caused by the mining overburden movement can optimally ensure the safe and efficient mining and improve the gas drainage rate. A series of developed coal and CBM coextraction technologies for the Yangquan coalfield were mainly characterized by the high-level gas drainage roadway. This reached a maximum gas drainage amount of 270,000 m3/day for single drainage roadway and a pressure-relief gas drainage rate of >90%. Those technologies significantly improved the gas drainage effect safely and efficiently achieving the coal and CBM coextraction.
Diabetic Nephropathy without Diabetes
Authors: López-Revuelta Katia , Abreu Angel , Gerrero-Márquez Carmen , Stanescu Ramona-Ionela , Marín Maria , Fernández Elia
Published: July 2015

Diabetic nephropathy without diabetes (DNND), previously known as idiopathic nodular glomerulosclerosis, is an uncommon entity and thus rarely suspected; diagnosis is histological once diabetes is discarded. In this study we describe two new cases of DNND and review the literature. We analyzed all the individualized data of previous publications except one series of attached data. DNND appears to be favored by recognized cardiovascular risk factors. However, in contrast with diabetes, apparently no factor alone has been demonstrated to be sufficient to develop DNND. Other factors not considered as genetic and environmental factors could play a role or interact. The most plausible hypothesis for the occurrence of DNND would be a special form of atherosclerotic or metabolic glomerulopathy than can occur with or without diabetes. The clinical spectrum of cardiovascular risk factors and histological findings support this theory, with hypertension as one of the characteristic clinical features.