bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Molecular Interactions of the Omicron, Kappa, and Delta SARS-CoV-2 Spike Proteins with Quantum Dots of Graphene Oxide
Authors: Arouche Tiago da Silva , Lobato Julio Cesar Mendes , Borges Rosivaldo , Oliveira Mozaniel Santana , Neto Antonio Maia de Jesus Chaves
Published: January 2024

Graphene oxide quantum dots (GOQDs) represent a burgeoning class of oxygen-enriched, zero-dimensional materials characterized by their sub-20 nm dimensions. Exhibiting pronounced quantum confinement and edge effects, GOQDs manifest exceptional physical-chemical attributes. This study delves into the potential of graphene oxide quantum dots, elucidating their inherent properties pertinent to the surface structures of SARS-CoV-2, employing an integrated computational approach for the repositioning of inhibitory agents. Following rigorous adjustment tests, a spectrum of divergent bonding conformations emerged, with particular emphasis placed on identifying the conformation exhibiting optimal adjustment scores and interactions. The investigation employed molecular docking simulations integrating affinity energy evaluations, electrostatic potential clouds, molecular dynamics encompassing average square root calculations, and the computation of Gibbs-free energy. These values quantify the strength of interaction between GOQDs and SARS-CoV-2 spike protein variants. Lower values indicate stronger binding. Notably, GO-E consistently showed the most negative values across interactions with different variants, suggesting a higher affinity compared to other GOQDs (GO-A to GO-D).
Mortality predictors in patients with suspected sepsis in the emergency department of a tertiary care hospital: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Bidart João P. M. , Rosa Regis G. , Bessel Marina , Pedrotti Luana G. , Goldani Luciano Z.
Published: January 2024

Conclusions: Even though an association was found between qSOFA and ICU admission, there was no association of qSOFA or the severity criteria with mortality. Further studies are necessary to assess novel scores or biomarkers to predict mortality in sepsis patients admitted to the emergency department's initial care.
Background: Sepsis remains a worldwide major cause of hospitalization, mortality, and morbidity. In order to improve the ability to identify patients with suspected sepsis in a high possibility of mortality and adverse outcomes in the emergency department, mortality predictors are applicable. This study aims to establish whether qSOFA and the severity criteria applied in patients with suspicion of sepsis in a monitored emergency department (ED) are in fact predictors of mortality. We performed a retrospective cohort study among adult patients with suspicion of sepsis at the emergency department of a tertiary care hospital in Brazil between January 1st, 2019 and December 31, 2020. All adult patients (age ≥18 yr) with suspected sepsis that scored two or more points on qSOFA score or at least one point on the severity criteria score were included in the study.
Results: The total of patients included in the study was 665 and the average age of the sample was 73 + 19 years.The proportion between male and female subjects was similar. Most patients exhibited qSOFA ≥ 2 (58.80%) and 356 patients (53.61%) scored one point in the severity criteria at admission. Overall mortality was 19.7% (131 patients). 98 patients (14.74%) exhibited positive blood cultures, with the most isolated bacteria being Escherichia coli. Neither scores of qSOFA nor the severity criteria were associated with mortality rates, but scoring any point on qSOFA was considered as an independent factor for ICU admission (qSOFA=1 point, p=0.02; qSOFA=2 points, p=0.03, and qSOFA= 3 points, p=0.04). Positive blood cultures (RR, 1.63;95% CI, 1.10 to 2.41) and general administration of vasopressors at the emergency department (RR, 2.14;95% CI, 1.44 to 3.17) were associated with 30-day mortality. The administration of vasopressors at the emergency room (RR, 2.25; CI 95%, 1.58 to 3.21) was found to be a predictor of overall mortality.
Basic or Adaptation: The Assessment and Heritability of a Brief Measure of Agency
Authors: Junkins Eleanor J. , Briley D. A. , Derringer Jaime
Published: January 2024

The interpersonal circumplex describes two major axes of personality that guide much of social behavior. Agency, one half of the interpersonal circumplex, refers to relatively stable behavioral patterns that center on self-focused dominance and assertiveness. Past empirical work on agency tends to treat the dimension as a characteristic adaptation, rather than a basic component of personality, in part due to the relatively large gender difference in agency with masculine individuals tending to behave more agentic. However, the psychometric overlap between agency and the most closely linked big five dimension, extraversion, is not well-established, and no behavior genetic work has documented evidence concerning the role of genetic and environmental influences. It is unclear whether agency is more similar to a personality trait, with no evidence of shared environmental influence and moderate heritability, or a characteristic adaptation, with some evidence for shared environmental influence and possibly lower heritability. We used the Midlife Development in the United States study to examine agency, big five, and generativity with replication and robustness check (Nnon-twins = 5,194; Ntwins = 1,914; NMilwaukee = 592). Results indicated that agency was higher in men (d = -.24), moderately heritable (44.4%), strongly correlated with extraversion (r = .51), moderately correlated with generativity (r = .36), and that approximately 40% of the variance in agency was shared with the big five. Agency also changed strongly with extraversion and openness, but less so generativity. Altogether, these results indicate that agency functions similar to other basic personality dimensions but is not clearly a dispositional trait.
Kinome focused CRISPR-Cas9 screens in African ancestry patient-derived breast cancer organoids identify essential kinases and synergy of EGFR and FGFR1 inhibition
Authors: Martin M. Laura , Martini Rachel , Ackermann Sarah , Tang Colin , Tranquille Marvel , Irizarry Adriana , Us Ilkay , Alawa Omar , Moyer Jenna , Sigouros Michael , Nguyen John , Assaad Majd , Cheng Esther , Ginter Paula , Manohar Jyothi , Stonaker Brian , Boateng Richard , Oppong Joseph , Adjei Ernest , Awuah Baffour , Kyei Ishmael , Aitpillah Frances , Adinku Michael , Ankomah Kwasi , Osei-Bonsu Ernest , Gyan Kofi , Hoda Syed , Newman Lisa , Mosquera Juan Miguel , Sboner Andrea , Elemento Olivier , Dow Lukas , Davis Melissa , Rowdo Florencia Madorsky
Published: January 2024

Precision medicine approaches to cancer treatment aim to exploit genomic alterations that are specific to individual patients to tailor therapy strategies. These alterations are usually revealed via next generation sequencing of the tumor tissue. Yet, it is clear that some targetable genes and pathways are essential for tumor cell viability even in the absence of direct genomic alterations. This is especially important in under-represented populations, whose mutational landscape and determinants of response to existing therapies are poorly characterized due to limited inclusion in clinical trials and studies. One way to reveal tumor essential genes is with genetic screens. Most screens are conducted on cell lines that bear little resemblance to patient tumors, after years of culture in non-physiological conditions. To address this problem, we aimed to develop a CRISPR screening pipeline in 3D-grown patient-derived tumor organoid (PDTO) models. We focused on identifying essential kinases that may translate to options for targeted therapies, including combination therapies. We first established a breast cancer PDTO biobank focused on underrepresented populations, including West African patients. We then performed a negative selection kinome-focused CRISPR screen to identify kinases essential for organoid growth and potential targets for combination therapy with EGFR or MEK inhibitors. We identified several previously unidentified kinase targets and showed that combination of FGFR1 and EGFR inhibitors synergizes to block organoids proliferation. Together these data demonstrate feasibility of CRISPR-based genetic screens in patient-derived tumor models, including PDTOs from under-represented cancer patients, and identify new targets for cancer therapy.
Green Synthesis of Silica- Polysaccharides Nano- composites from Sodium Silicate and Aloe Vera gel for Self-cleaning of Solar Mirrors
Authors: Badr Moshiera A. A. , Khalil Ahmed Asaad Ibrahim , Khalil Mostafa M. H. , Hafez Ashraf , Mostafa Eman M.
Published: January 2024

Synthesis of silica-Nano-composites from both sodium silicate and Aloe Vera gel via low-cost sol-gel silica nanoparticles (Si NPs) was investigated to be used as self-cleaning for solar mirrors. The produced materials were analyzed by (EDX) which indicates the existence of a high content of silicon in the Nano-silica composites. FTIR was utilized to obtain the structure characterization of our samples, whereas the poly-siloxane groups already formed and found the backbone of Si-O-Si. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was also utilized to identify the silica structure, whereas a broad peak and an amorphous phase were obviously created. The images of Nano-silica content embedded in polymer with different magnifications were obtained using (SEM). The surface roughness of the Nano-silica composites was attained using the Atomic Force microscope (AFM). The hydrophobicity of the solar mirrors surface was investigated using the contact angle measurement and zeta potential measurement. The results obtained by both Thermo-gravimetric analysis and data thermal analysis (TGA & DTA) illustrated that the Nano-silica composite with 40 ml of Aloe Vera gel is more stable than that obtained of Nano silica composites with 20 ml and 60 ml of Aloe Vera gel. The reflectance of solar mirrors after using Nano-silica composite assures high efficiency.
A novel solution for seepage problems using physics-informed neural networks
Authors: Luo Tianfu , Feng Yelin , Huang Qingfu , Zhang Zongliang , Yan Mingjiao , Yang Zaihong , Zheng Dawei , Yang Yang
Published: January 2024

A Physics-Informed Neural Network (PINN) provides a distinct advantage by synergizing neural networks' capabilities with the problem's governing physical laws. In this study, we introduce an innovative approach for solving seepage problems by utilizing the PINN, harnessing the capabilities of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) to approximate hydraulic head distributions in seepage analysis. To effectively train the PINN model, we introduce a comprehensive loss function comprising three components: one for evaluating differential operators, another for assessing boundary conditions, and a third for appraising initial conditions. The validation of the PINN involves solving four benchmark seepage problems. The results unequivocally demonstrate the exceptional accuracy of the PINN in solving seepage problems, surpassing the accuracy of FEM in addressing both steady-state and free-surface seepage problems. Hence, the presented approach highlights the robustness of the PINN and underscores its precision in effectively addressing a spectrum of seepage challenges. This amalgamation enables the derivation of accurate solutions, overcoming limitations inherent in conventional methods such as mesh generation and adaptability to complex geometries.
Irregularity in sleep-wake rhythm affects CPAP adherence
Authors: Honma Aya , Nohara Marina , Honma Sato , Homma Akihiro
Published: January 2024

This study aims to evaluate the impact of sleep-wake rhythm regularity on continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) adherence. We retrospectively analyzed sleep-wake rhythms with activity monitoring and CPAP adherence among obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients newly diagnosed and introduced to CPAP therapy at the Sapporo Hanazono Hospital from January 2018 to June 2022. Among a total of 45 patients, 10 withdrew from CPAP therapy within a year. Nineteen were classified into the good-adherence and 16 into the poor-adherence group. No significant differences were detected among the groups in apnea hypopnea index (AHI), sleep efficiency, or subjective sleep quality, but a difference was observed in sleep latency, with CPAP withdrawal group showing higher variability in sleep onset and lower regularity and/or amplitude in circadian behavior activity rhythm than the good-adherence group. Our results suggest that irregularities, particularly in sleep onset, and damped sleep-wake rhythm can be risk factors for CPAP withdrawal.
Sexual Negotiation and Power Imbalance Influencing Intimate Partner Violence Among Adolescent Girls and Young Women in Nigerian Urban Slums
Authors: Ikuteyijo Olutoyin Opeyemi , Akinyemi Akanni Ibukun , Ikuteyijo Lanre Olusegun , Owolodun Babatunde Samuel , Merten Sonja
Published: January 2024

This study looks at the complexity of sexual negotiation in the context of gender inequality and power inequalities in patriarchal societies, using Nigeria as an example. It emphasizes the necessity of knowing the risks and problems that adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) confront in these contexts, including their vulnerability to intimate partner abuse. The study dives into issues surrounding the negotiation of safe sex among AGYW and its impact on the possibility of intimate partner abuse using an anthropological approach and qualitative methodologies such as in-depth interviews and focus group discussions. Some of the most important things that were found were the environmental factors that make the power dynamics between AGYW and their partners unequal, the prevalence of androcentric bias in sexual decision-making and family planning, and how these power struggles lead to gender-based violence, such as physical harm and injury. The study recommends assisting young people in developing a culture of respect in sexual relationships and negotiations, which aligns with Nigeria's Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 5.6.1 and is critical for promoting equality and protecting the well-being of AGYW.
Coexistence of low-grade component predicts better prognosis in patients with primary, solitary high-grade non-muscle invasive bladder cancer
Authors: Ji Jiaxiang , Wang Fei , Lai Chin-Hui , Xu Tao , Hu Hao
Published: January 2024

Background
To determine the impact of coexisted low-grade components on the prognosis of high-grade non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC).
Method
A total of 167 patients with a mean follow-up of 39.32 months underwent transurethral resection of primary, solitary non-muscle invasive bladder tumor between January 2010 and December 2019, including 35 patients with coexisted low-grade components and 132 patients with pure high-grade tumors. All patients underwent adequate intravesical chemotherapy.
Result
Baseline characteristics were well balanced between patients with pure high-grade tumor and those with coexisted low-grade components. Five-year recurrence-free survival was much worse for pure high-grade tumor compared to high-grade tumor with coexisted low-grade component (50.5% vs 80.0%, p = 0.01). Multivariable cox regression analysis revealed coexisted low-grade components to be an independent risk factor for recurrence (hazard ratio = 2.34, p = 0.02). Other significant contributing factor was T1 stage (hazard ratio = 2.09, p = 0.01).
Conclusion
Coexistence of low-grade component predicts better prognosis in patients with primary, solitary high-grade non-muscle invasive bladder cancer.
An Alternative Therapeutic Approach For Hyperemesis Gravidarum That is Unresponsive to Conventional Treatment: Mirtazapine
Authors: Aktemur Gizem , Çakır Betül Tokgöz , Sucu Serap Topkara , karabay Gülşan , Bucak Mevlüt , Ulusoy Can Ozan , Şeyhanlı Zeynep , Tonyalı Nazan Vanlı , İskender Can Tekin
Published: January 2024

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of mirtazapine using the PUQE score in the treatment of resistant hyperemesis in pregnant women diagnosed with hyperemesis gravidarum who did not respond to standard treatment protocols. Conventional treatments often fall short in providing relief for a subset of patients, necessitating exploration of alternative therapeutic approaches.
Methods; A total of 100 pregnant women, comprising 50 treated with mirtazapine (Group 2) and 50 receiving conventional antiemetics (Group 1), were analyzed. Results demonstrated a notable reduction in Pregnancy-Unique Quantification of Emesis (PUQE) scores in the mirtazapine group compared to the conventional treatment group.
Results; The PUQE score, which was first evaluated before the medication, was higher in the HG with mirtazapine group (p = 0.003). Compared to the HG with other drugs group, the PUQE score on post-drug day 1 was lower in the HG with mirtazapine group (p = 0.001, respectively). Compared to HG with other drugs group, PUQE score was lower in HG with the mirtazapine group on post-drug day 3 (p =0.001, respectively). Compared to the HG with other drugs group, the PUQE score on the 7th post-drug day was lower in the HG with mirtazapine group (p =0.001, respectively).
Conclusion; This study showed that mirtazapine was effective in cases of hyperemesis gravidarum that did not respond to increasing treatment. Randomized, controlled, prospective trials are necessary to ascertain the safety of the medicine and investigate the enduring consequences of mirtazapine consumption. What does this study add to the clinical work Mirtazapine can be regarded as a reliable and efficient intervention for mitigating adverse maternal and perinatal consequences in patients experiencing intractable nausea and vomiting. This therapy option is particularly suitable for individuals who have not responded to alternative therapies, have severely restricted oral intake, and have experienced substantial weight loss.
Clinical and Radiographic Evaluation of Gelatin/Beta-Tricalcium Phosphate Sponges with or without Concentrated Growth Factor in the treatment of Localized Class II Gingival Recession defects
Authors: saeed safinaz saleh mohamed , darwish samia , saudi hussein , elshamy eman , Shoukeeba malak
Published: January 2024

Background: The aim of this study was to compare, clinically and radiographically, the effectiveness of gelatin sponges loaded with β-tricalcium phosphate with or without concentrated growth factor (Groups I & III) versus collagen with concentrated growth factor (Group II) in the treatment of Miller class II gingival recession.
Materials and Methods: Twenty-one sites in 11 patients with Miller class II gingival recession were included in the present study. Sites were allocated randomly to be treated with gelatin sponges loaded with β-tricalcium phosphate with or without concentrated growth factor and collagen with concentrated growth factor. At baseline and, 3, 6 and 12 months after surgery, the following clinical parameters were recorded: recession depth, recession width, pocket depth, clinical attachment level,height of keratinized gingiva, gingival thickness, percentage of root coverage, and digital measurement.
Results: All groups showed significant improvement in all clinical parameters and labial bone gain was observed after 12 months compared to baseline measures. Groups II & III showed a statistically significant improvement when compared with Group I, while radiographically the differences in the amount of labial bone gain and volume between groups were not statistically significant at any study period post-treatment. However, there was more bone gain in group III than group II and both groups showed better results than group I.
Conclusion: The results of the present study indicated that, gelatin sponges loaded with β-tricalcium phosphate with or without concentrated growth factor (Groups I & III) and collagen with concentrated growth factor (Group II), all led to favorable clinical, and radiographic outcomes. While collagen with concentrated growth factor showed superior clinical results and gelatin sponges loaded with β-tricalcium phosphate with concentrated growth showed superior radiographic results compared to gelatin sponges loaded with β-tricalcium phosphate alone, it was therefore postulated that, the addition of concentrated growth factor may have been a potentiating material, which could have enhanced periodontal tissue repair.
An analytical study of the body postural characteristics of young elite alpine skiers and the correlation between their body postural characteristics and specialized strength
Authors: Guo Ao , Wang Yufeng , Sun Xiaolei , Liu Xuyang , Yue Jing
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this study was to analyze the body postural characteristics of young elite alpine skiers and to investigate whether the athletes' body postures were the results of specific training exercises. Moreover, the body postural characteristics of the athletes and their OPTOJUMP test scores were analyzed to determine whether their body postural characteristics and specific strength were correlated with the aim of determining whether their body postural characteristics can be used as important reference indices for the selection and training of other alpine ski athletes. The large number of common abnormal postural problems and specific abnormal postural conditions detected in this study suggest that young elite alpine skiers have core muscle strength deficiencies and muscle strength imbalances, which will have an impact on athletic performance. Genu valgum may be the most influential factor that has the greatest impact on specialized strength and injury risk in athletes. Therefore, the body postural assessment test is not only a scientific guide used to modify the training program for young elite but could also be a reference guide for athlete selection and training.
Nutritional ecology of a prototypical generalist predator, the red fox (Vulpes vulpes)
Authors: Balestrieri Alessandro , Gigliotti Sofia , Caniglia Romolo , Velli Edoardo , Zambuto Francesco , De Giorgi Erika , Mucci Nadia , Tremolada Paolo , Gazzola Andrea
Published: January 2024

Generalist species, which exploit a wide range of food resources, are expected to be able to combine available resources as to attain their specific macronutrient balance (intake target). Among mammalian predators, the red fox Vulpes vulpes is a widespread, opportunistic forager: its diet has been largely studied, outlining wide variation according to geographic and climatic factors. We aimed to check if, throughout the species’ European range, diets vary widely in macronutrient composition or foxes can combine complementary foods to gain the same nutrient intake. First, we assessed fox’s intake target in the framework of nutritional geometry. Secondly, we tried to highlight the effects of unbalanced diets on fox density, which was assumed as a proxy for Darwinian fitness, as assessed in five areas of the western Italian Alps. Unexpectedly, the target macronutrient ratio of the fox (52.4% protein-, 38.7% lipid- and 8.9% carbohydrate energy) was consistent with that of hypercarnivores, such as wolves and felids, except for carbohydrate intakes in urban and rural habitats. The inverse relation between density and the deviation of observed macronutrient ratios from the intake target suggests that fox capability of surviving in a wide range of habitats may not be exempt from fitness costs and that nutrient availability should be regarded among the biotic factors affecting animal abundance and distribution.
Silencing Of The DNA Damage Repair Regulator PPP1R15A Sensitizes Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells To Chemotherapy
Authors: Bouchla Anthi , Sotiropoulou Christina D. , Esteb Christopher , Loupis Theodoros , Papageorgiou Sotirios G. , Delikonstantinos Georgia G. , Pagoni Maria , Hatzimichael Eleftheria , Delatola Maria , Kalomoiri Smaragdi , Apostolidou Elisavet , Kontos Christos K. , Thomopoulos Thomas P. , Karantanos Theodoros , Pappa Vasiliki
Published: January 2024

Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) is a life-threatening disease whose induction treatment consists of combination chemotherapy with Idarubicin and Cytarabine for fit patients. Treatment failures are frequent, urging the need for novel treatments for this disease. The DNA Damage Response Mechanism (DDR) comprises numerous molecules and pathways intended to arrest the cell cycle until DNA damage is repaired or else drive the cell to apoptosis. AML-derived cell lines after treatment with Idarubicin and Cytarabine were used for studying the expression profile of 84 DDR genes, through PCR arrays. Utilizing de novo AML patient and control samples we studied the expression of PPP1R15A, CDKN1A, GADD45A, GADD45G, and EXO1. Next, we performed PPP1R15A silencing in AML cell lines in two separate experiments using siRNA and CRISPR-cas9, respectively. Our findings highlight that DDR regulators demonstrate increased expression in patients with high cytogenetic risk possibly reflecting increased genotoxic stress. Especially, PPP1R15A is mainly involved in the recovery of the cells from stress and it was the only DDR gene upregulated in AML patients. The PPP1R15A silencing resulted in decreased viability of Idarubicin and Cytarabine-treated cell lines, in contrast to untreated cells. These findings shed light on new strategies to enhance chemotherapy efficacy and demonstrate that PPP1R15A is an important DDR regulator in AML and its downregulation might be a safe and effective way to increase sensitivity to chemotherapy in this disease.
Impact of simulated in vitro gastrointestinal digestion on the antioxidant activity and phenolic compounds of soursop peel (Annona muricata L.).
Authors: Domingues Yasmin Ourives , Lemes Geriel Araújo , de Oliveira Fellipe Lopes , de Souza Thamara Rosa , Silva Bibiana , Morzelle Maressa Caldeira
Published: January 2024

This work aimed to investigate in vitro phenolics bioaccessibility and soursop peel's antioxidant activity. Proximate composition, ascorbic acid, total phenolic compounds, and in vitro antioxidant activity (DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays) were conducted on soursop peel and pulp. The accessibility of total phenolics and antioxidant capacity of soursop peel and pulp was assessed through simulated in vitro digestion. Soursop peel had a significant amount of fiber, particularly insoluble fiber, and higher levels of total phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity than pulp. The pulp has 30% higher levels of ascorbic acid than the peel. Simulated in vitro digestion, the total phenolic compounds of the peel exhibited stability throughout the gastric and intestinal stages. In the pulp, there was an increase in total phenolic compounds that persisted until the final stage. After the simulation of in vitro digestion, the peel showed stability in DPPH antioxidant capacity analysis and obtained higher accessibility in the enteric II stages (40% and 29%) on ABTS and FRAP assays. Soursop pulp increased accessibility in the gastric stage on DPPH and FRAP assay. In the ABTS method of antioxidant capacity evaluation, the pulp showed the highest values in enteric phase II. These results are essential for human nutrition as they provide information about soursop peel and pulp's nutritional and bioactive composition. Furthermore, the in vitro accessibility of these compounds offers insights into their potential utilization by the organism. This knowledge holds significant implications for nutrition experts, as it can inform the development of healthier dietary habits and promote enhanced health outcomes.
Carbon Nanotube-Encapsulated Cobalt for High-Efficiency Zinc-Air Flow Battery: Integration of Single Atom Catalysis and Space Confinement
Authors: Zhao Jing , Liu Mufei , Dong Jinqiao , Dong Hongxing , Wang Guiling
Published: January 2024

To meet the practical demand of zinc-air battery cathode noble metal catalyst substitutes are required. Herein, we integrating non-precious single-atom catalysis and space confinement present an effective approach for the large-scale, in-situ growth of CoN3-doped carbon nanotubes (CNTs) coated with Co nanoparticles (Co@CoN3/CNTs), without adding additional additives. The in-situ grown CNTs serves a dual purpose by acting as a matrix for dispersed atomic CoN3 sites and providing a space confinement effect on Co nanoparticles, resulting in lower energy barriers and superior mass transport capability. Furthermore, Co3C species derived from the Co-based zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (Co-ZIFs) act as catalysts for the direct arrangement of surrounding C-N groups. The resulting Co@CoN3/CNTs-800 displays remarkable oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) performance, with a half-wave potential of 0.84 V surpassing that of Pt/C counterparts. Moreover, the rechargeable zinc-air flow battery exhibits a peak power density of 169.5 mW cm-2 and superior recyclability.
Biological properties of Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) and Bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs)
Authors: Cao Yan , Li Wei , Cao Yang , Liu Yingping
Published: January 2024

Background
Osseointegration is also a clinal problem especially in patients with systemic diseases. Mesenchymal stem cells provide a new technology to solve this problem. Among them, ADSCs and BMSCs are the most utilized. But which one is better remains a mystery.
Results
In our research, cell sheet of ADSCs and BMSCs all could enhance the osseointegration. BMSCs improved the osteogenesis rather than ADSCs. while ADSCs improve the proliferation and migration than BMSCs. They all could improve the gene expression of osteogenesis and BMSCs do it better.
Conclusions
ADSCs and BMSCs all can improve the osseointegration and could be a therapeutic method in implantology.
Cerebellar compensation: a case of aphasia due to cerebellar hemorrhage
Authors: Kinoshita Yukiko , Hatakeyama Masahiro , Otsuki Mika , Ishiguro Takanobu , Saji Etsuji , Kanazawa Masato , Onodera Osamu
Published: January 2024

Background
Recently, patients with cognitive dysfunction due to cerebellar lesions (cerebellar cognitive affective syndrome [CCAS]) have been reported. Language impairments in CCAS are generally subtle; however, we encountered a patient who developed severe aphasia due to cerebellar hemorrhage.
Case Report:
A 77-year-old right-handed woman with heart failure was admitted to a nearby hospital. During hospitalization, she had a cerebral infarction of the left inferior parietal lobule and developed aphasia, characterized by phonemic paraphasia with repeated self-corrections and word-finding difficulty. After discharge, her symptoms gradually improved and she had no difficulty in her daily life. One year after the onset of cerebral infarction, the patient was admitted to our hospital with cerebellar ataxia and aphasia. Her aphasia symptoms were characterized by phonemic paraphasia with repeated self-corrections and word-finding difficulties, consistent with the symptoms that she developed on initial admission, as well as word comprehension deficits. Computed tomography revealed a hemorrhage in the right cerebellar hemisphere. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain revealed no recent infarctions.
Discussion
Phonemic paraphasia with repeated self-correction is a characteristic symptom of left inferior parietal lobule lesions and has not been reported in patients with isolated cerebellar lesions. Thus, it is thought that the right cerebellar hemisphere compensated for the function of the left inferior parietal lobule after cerebral infarction and that functional compensation was disrupted due to a hemorrhage. This case report suggests that the underlying mechanisms of functional recovery from aphasia depend on the interplay between the cerebrum and the cerebellum.
RETRACTED: LncRNA HOXD-AS1/ miR-182-5p / FOXO1 axis regulates invasion and migration of neuroblastoma cells
Authors: Wang Xiao-Hui , Zhang Shu-Feng , Wu Hai-Ying , Yin Yao , Gao Jian , Wang Lin , Wang Xu-Hui , Gao Tian-Hui
Published: January 2024

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Comparison of laboratory test results and treatments between macrolide-resistant and macrolide-sensitive Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children
Authors: Leng Maodong , Dong Zhen
Published: January 2024

Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumoniae) is one of the main pathogens resulting in pneumonia, and macrolides are regarded as first-line treatment antibiotics for M. pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP). The development and widespread of macrolide-resistant M. pneumoniae (MRMP) has increased the difficulty of treating MPP. This study aimed to investigate the differences in laboratory test results and treatment results between MPP caused by MRMP and macrolide-sensitive M. pneumoniae (MSMP) in children. The patients were recruited from among the hospitalized children at the Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University. Pneumonia was diagnosed via chest CT. The laboratory test results investigated included white blood cell (WBC) count, neutrophil count (NEUT), lymphocyte count (LYM), C-reactive protein (CRP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and D-dimer; treatment results, including antibiotics used, hospitalization days and bronchoscopyuse, were also obtained. MRMP-infected MPP patients demonstrated a greater rate of lung consolidation; a greater frequency of bronchoscope use and second-line antibiotic use; higher levels of CRP, LDH and D-dimer; and more hospitalization days than MPP patients caused by MSMP. There were no differences with regard to the WBC, NEUT, or LYM counts between MRMP patients and MSMP patients.
Conclusions: The worsening of MPP caused by MRMP could be more severe than that caused by MSMP because of poor laboratory and chest CT results, and MRMP infection increases the difficulty of treatment.
Tree-integration into flexible rockfall barriers: feasibility, implementation, and structural design
Authors: Kramer Maximilian , Suda Jürgen , Lanter Helene , Gröner Eberhard , Ringenbach Adrian
Published: January 2024

Society has established different mitigation strategies to minimise rockfall impacts on civil infrastructure. Two main protection measures in transit areas aim to minimize the impact of natural mountain hazards: protection of forests as a natural solution and technical solutions, such as rockfall barriers. These measures have usually been implemented separately without the consideration of combined solutions. This study, guided by the approach of nature-based solutions, offers a strategy to implement trees into rockfall barriers permanently. It includes the tree-physiological potential impact forces, the technical design, and the structural dimensioning. The assessment force-absorption potential of trees is based on literature research and enhanced the technical design of pre-existing tree-integrated systems (TIS). The structural engineering dimensioning follows the European Guidelines for designing steel and timber structures. Field studies show stem breakage in sudden dynamic impacts like rockfalls, but barely any uprooting is observed. Therefore, the potential impact force was determined solely by the wooden body, which was dimensioned in accordance with European guidelines. The derived and elaborated TIS design demonstrates substantial savings in materials, with the designed system proving feasible and structurally sound for energies up to 500 kJ assuming tree diameters of 30 cm. If even trees with diameters larger than 20 cm are included in the TIS, rockfall energies up to 1000 kJ can be intercepted.
Device-assessed physical activity and sleep quality of post-COVID patients undergoing a rehabilitation program
Authors: Poppele Iris , Ottiger Marcel , Stegbauer Michael , Schlesinger Torsten , Müller Katrin
Published: January 2024

Background: An infection with SARS-CoV-2 can lead to persistent symptoms more than three months after the acute infection and has also an impact on patients’ physical activity behaviour and sleep quality. There is evidence, that inpatient post-COVID rehabilitation can improve physical capacity and mental health impairments, but less is known about the change in physical behaviour and sleep quality.
Methods: This longitudinal observational study used accelerometery to assess the level of physical activity and sleep quality before and after an inpatient rehabilitation program. The study sample consists of 100 post-COVID patients who acquired COVID-19 in the workplace. Group differences related to sex, age, COVID-19 severity, and pre-existing diseases were also analysed.
Results: Level of physical activity and sleep quality didn’t increase after rehabilitation. Overall, there is a high extent of inactivity time and poor sleep quality at both measurement points. Regarding group differences, male patients showed a significantly higher inactivity time before rehabilitation, and younger patients (<55 years) spend significant more time in vigorous physical activity than older patients. Post-COVID patients with pre-existing cardiovascular, respiratory, and metabolic disease show slightly less physical activity than post-COVID patients without these comorbidities. Female patients and younger patients showed better sleep quality in some sleep parameters at both measurement points. However, no differences could be detected related to COVID-19 severity.
Conclusions: Ongoing strategies should be implemented to address the high amount of inactivity time and the poor sleep quality in post-COVID patients.
Ranking Triangular Intuitionistic Fuzzy Numbers: A Nagel Point Approach and Applications in Multi-Criteria Decision Making
Authors: Prakash Arun , Suresh M.
Published: January 2024

Ordinary fuzzy sets, first introduced by Zadeh in 1965, have been expanded into several varieties, including type 2 fuzzy, intuitionistic fuzzy, hesitant fuzzy, and others, to assist us model uncertainty. For every element in an intuitionistic fuzzy set, there are membership and non-membership functions. Intuitionistic fuzzy numbers plays a vital role in many applications. In this paper, a new ranking approach of intuitionistic fuzzy numbers were done based on nagel points. The proposed new ranking was validated by certain results and numerical examples. In last section, we put the suggested ranking principle into practice for the installation of an aeronautical research organization center through a case study.
Rbpms2 promotes female fate upstream of the nutrient sensing Gator2 complex component, Mios
Authors: Marlow Florence , Wilson Miranda , Romano Shannon , Khatri Nitya , Aharon Devora , Liu Yulong , Kaufman Odelya , Draper Bruce
Published: January 2024

Reproductive success relies on proper establishment and maintenance of biological sex. In many animals, including mammals, the primary gonad is initially ovary in character. We previously showed the RNA binding protein (RNAbp), Rbpms2, is required for ovary fate in zebrafish. Here, we identified Rbpms2 targets in oocytes (Rbpms2-bound oocyte RNAs; rboRNAs). We identify Rbpms2 as a translational regulator of rboRNAs, which include testis factors and ribosome biogenesis factors. Further, genetic analyses indicate that Rbpms2 promotes nucleolar amplification via the mTorc1 signaling pathway, specifically through the mTorc1-activating Gap activity towards Rags 2 (Gator2) component, Missing oocyte (Mios). Cumulatively, our findings indicate that early gonocytes are in a dual poised, bipotential state in which Rbpms2 acts as a binary fate-switch. Specifically, Rbpms2 represses testis factors and promotes oocyte factors to promote oocyte progression through an essential Gator2-mediated checkpoint, thereby integrating regulation of sexual differentiation factors and nutritional availability pathways in zebrafish oogenesis.
A study of the plasmonic properties of composite arrays based on graphene nanoribbons and perovskite nanowires
Authors: He Xinyu , Sun Cheng
Published: January 2024

This work reports on the plasmonic properties of composite arrays consisting of graphene nanoribbons and perovskite nanowires, in the mid infrared region of 5 - 60 um. In the array, a set of graphene nanoribbons are placed on the perovskite nanowires, which are embedded in a glass substrate. Two scenarios are investigated in this work; one is that the graphene and the perovskite are matched, while the other is that the graphene and the perovskite are mismatched. The light transmittance of the arrays is numerically simulated, via the finite difference time domain method. Multiple plasmonic resonances are observed, and the corresponding electric field distributions are calculated. The results demonstrate that the plasmonic characteristics of the arrays can be adjusted by varying the parameters including the chemical potential and the layer number of graphene, as well as the refractive index of perovskite, etc. In addition, a Fano lineshape is revealed in one of the resonance peaks of the transmittance. It is well fitted to the Beutler-Fano formula, and the characteristic $q$ factor is determined. The results in this work may be useful in studies of similar plasmonic nanostructures that employ graphene and perovskite-based composite nanoarrays.
Nonlinear Orbital and Spin Edelstein Effect in Centrosymmetric Metals
Authors: Baek Insu , Han Seungyun , Cheon Suik , Lee Hyun-Woo
Published: January 2024

Nonlinear spintronics combines nonlinear dynamics with spintronics, opening up new possibilities beyond linear responses. A recent theoretical work [Xiao et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 130, 166302 (2023)] predicts the nonlinear generation of spin density [nonlinear spin Edelstein effect (NSEE)] in centrosymmetric metals based on symmetry analysis combined with first principle calculation. However, its microscopic mechanism is limited to a specific set of materials with local inversion symmetry breaking and is not applicable to general materials. This paper focuses on the fundamental role of orbital degrees of freedom for the nonlinear generation in centrosymmetric systems. Using a combination of tight-binding model and density functional theory calculations, we demonstrate that nonlinear orbital density can arise independently of spin-orbit coupling. In contrast, spin density follows through spin-orbit coupling. We further elucidate the microscopic mechanism responsible for this phenomenon, which involves the NSEE induced by electric-field-induced orbital Rashba texture. In addition, we also explore the potential applications of the nonlinear orbital and spin Edelstein effect for field-free switching of magnetization.
An Historical Analysis of Byzantine Gold Coins Unearthed at Bakhtak Castle in Leilan
Authors: kazemnezhandasl hassan
Published: January 2024

The extensive damage inflicted by human factors on the western wall of Bakhtak Leilan Castle prompted the Ministry of Cultural Heritage and Tourism of Iran to initiate an excavation plan. This plan aimed to assess the extent of destruction and facilitate restoration efforts, incorporating the site into its list of priority programs. Excavations conducted at the site unveiled the wall along with two historical towers from the ancient Parthian era. Additionally, a diverse array of pottery spanning the Parthian and Sassanid periods was uncovered. Notably, the excavation program in Trench G5 yielded gold coins dating back to the Byzantine period, attributed to Constantine X. The discovery of these Byzantine coins raises intriguing questions about their presence at this site. It prompts inquiries into their historical context, possibly shedding light on significant events such as the Byzantine Empire's military campaigns and wars in the Azerbaijan region.
High CTLA-4 gene expression is an independent good prognosis factor in breast cancer patients, especially in the HER2-enriched subtype
Authors: Montoyo-Pujol Yoel Genaro , Ponce Jose , Delgado-García Silvia , Martín Tina A. , Ballester Hortensia , Castellón-Molla Elena , Ramos-Montoya Angela , Lozano-Cubo Inmaculada , Sempere-Ortells José Miguel , Peiró Gloria
Published: January 2024

Background
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer in women and the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. This heterogeneous disease has been historically considered a non-immunogenic type of cancer. However, recent advances in immunotherapy have increased the interest in knowing the role of the immune checkpoints (IC) and other immune regulation pathways in this neoplasia.
Methods
In this retrospective study, we evaluated the correlation of mRNA expression of CTLA-4, PDCD1 (PD1), CD274 (PD-L1), PDCD1LG2 (PD-L2), CD276 (B7-H3), JAK2, and FoXO1 with clinicopathological factors and BC patient’s outcome by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR).
Results
Our results showed that immunoregulatory gene expression depends on BC immunophenotype being CTLA-4 and PDCD1 (PD1) overexpressed on triple-negative/basal-like (TN/BL) and luminal B/HER2-positive phenotypes, respectively, and CD276 (B7-H3), JAK2 and FoXO1 associated with both luminal A and luminal B/HER2-negative tumors. In addition, we found that these genes can also be related to aggressive and non-aggressive clinicopathological characteristics in BC. Finally, survival analysis showed that CTLA-4 expression levels emerge as a significant independent factor of good prognosis in BC patients, especially in the HER2-enriched subtype.
Conclusion
Considering all these data, we can conclude that the expression of immunoregulatory genes depends on tumor phenotype and has potential clinical implications in BC patients.
The Scoring Model to Predict ICU Stay and Mortality After Emergency Admissions in Atrial Fibrillation: A Retrospective Study of 30,206 Patients
Authors: Hong Tao , Liu Xiaozhu , Deng Jiewen , Li Huan , Sun Mengyan , Pan Dikang , Zhao Yuanyuan , Cai Zongao , Zhao Jikai , Yu Liming , Wang Huishan , Li Zhili , Huang Jian
Published: January 2024

Background
Atrial fibrillation (AF) imposes a significant burden on the emergency department (ED); the rapid assessment on the conditions and subsequent interventions are crucial for the prognosis of AF patients admitted to the ED. We aim to derive and validate a more accurate and simplified scoring model to optimize the triage of AF patients in the ED.
Methods
We conducted a retrospective study using data from the MIMIC-IV database and developed scoring models employing the Random Forest algorithm. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) was used to measure the performance of the prediction for ICU stay, and the death likelihood within 3, 7, and 30 days following the ED admission.
Results
The study included 30,206 AF patients, in which 53.6% (16,184) are females. The median age is 75 years old (95% CI 65–83). All patients were randomly divided into training, validation, and testing cohorts at a ratio of 7:1:2. The training set consisted of 21,145 patients, the validation set included 3,020 patients, and the remaining 6,041 patients were classified as the validation set. Across the three cohorts, 9,444 patients (31%) necessitated ICU transfers, and mortality rates were 1% at 3 days, 2% at 7 days, and 6% at 30 days. In the testing set, the scoring models exhibited AUCs of 0.737 (95% CI 0.710–0.765) for ICU stay, 0.730 (95% CI 0.666–0.759) for death at 3 days, 0.748 (95% CI 0.710–0.786) for death at 7 days, and 0.740 (95% CI 0.713–0.768) for death at 30 days.
Conclusion
We derived and validated novel simplified scoring models with good discriminative performance to predict the likelihood of ICU stay, 3-day, 7-day, and 30-day death in AF patients after ED admission. This novel tool has a promising prospect to optimize the triage of the ED.