bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Review on Phytochemical Investigation of Gymnosporia Montana Benth to Treat Various Diseases
Authors: Shankar Thakre Ms. Minal , Ajabrao Sabe Mr.Ganesh , Khan Mr. Naved
Published: December 2024

Gymnosporia montana is a plant that has been used
for its therapeutic qualities in traditional medicine.
The purpose of this study was to examine G.
montana's phytochemical makeup, pharmacological
properties, and ethnobotanical importance.
Techniques: - Phytochemical analysis: NMR
spectroscopy, GC-MS, and HPLC Pharmacological
assessment: cytotoxicity, antimicrobial,
antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory tests
Ethnobotanical research: Community surveys and
interviews Findings: - Flavonoids, alkaloids, and
terpenoids were identified as bioactive chemicals.
Pharmacological activity that have been
demonstrated include antimicrobial, antioxidant,
and anti-inflammatory properties. Ethnobotanical
significance: Traditional remedies for fever,
stomach problems, and wound healing Conclusion:
Gymnosporia montana's traditional uses are
validated by its potential phytochemical and
pharmacological qualities. By emphasising G.
montana's potential for drug development and
ethnopharmacological uses, this work advances
scientific knowledge of the plant.
A Comprehensive Review of Medicinal Plants in the Treatment of Gastroenteritis
Authors: lolla Siddhartha , ajay Reshma , sneharika Bheemreddy , Pujari Dharanija Tirunagari
Published: December 2024

Acute gastroenteritis is a prevalent infectious
disease syndrome that manifests as a mix of
vomiting, diarrhoea, nausea, and stomach
discomfort. In the US, foodborne bacteria
constitute the cause of 48 million of the more than
350 million acute gastroenteritis cases that occur
each year. This Gastroenteritis continues to be a
major global health concern, particularly in
underdeveloped nations where access to traditional
medical care may be restricted. Because they
contain a variety of bioactive chemicals, medicinal
herbs have long been used as a primary or
supplementary therapy for the treatment of
gastroenteritis. The effectiveness and mode of
action of a few typical medicinal plants used in
traditional medicine to treat gastroenteritis are
examined in this article. Numerous preclinical and
clinical investigations have demonstrated the
potential anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and
gastroprotective qualities of plants like Aloe vera,
Ginger (Zingiber officinale), and Peppermint
(Mentha piperita). Their active ingredients, which
include menthol, gingerol, and polysaccharides,
modulate gut flora, lessen intestinal spasms, and
ease symptoms like diarrhoea and stomach pain in
order to achieve their therapeutic goals.
Optimization and Development of Liposomal Formulation Enthusing Leuten and Its In-Vitro Evaluation
Authors: Ranjan Ankit , Kumar Niranjan Dr. Abadhesh , Kumar Shukla Mukesh
Published: December 2024

Liposomes are small, cylindrical the
ability to produce artificial vesicles from
cholesterol and phospholipids that are both secure
and healthy. Because compact structure,
hydrophilic and hydrophilic makeup, and
biocompatibility, liposomes are an appealing drug
delivery technique. In this study, varied ratios of
cholesterol and soy lecithin were used to physically
disperse the marigold extract lipid membranes. All
preparations were classified by chemical
dissolution, UV and FTIR spectroscopy
examination, as well as other physicochemical
studies. With different formulations, the cumulative
% of pharmaceutical publication be located related.
As according estimations, the cumulative % drug
release over 8 hours for formulations F8, F2, and
F3 was 99.032.47, 91.922.72, and 82.122.51,
respectively. The manufactured lipid membranes F
1 though F 8 displayed sustained drug release. The
mechanical dispersing technique of planning and
preparation also enhanced the drug's capacity to
maintain its release when the soy phospholipid
concentration was increased.
A Shape Memory Alloy Thermal Engine for Waste Heat Recovery
Authors: Lopardo C. R Lopardo C. R , Guglielmi V Guglielmi V , Nino E. Nino E.
Published: December 2024

Concern for the well-being of our planet and mankind's ever-expanding need for power has
generated considerable interest in alternative ways of generating power. Many different methods of producing
power, such as fuel cells, wind turbines and solar panels, have been developed and refined in recent years. The
Shape Memory Alloy heat engine, discussed in this work, is also a result of this growing interest in the quest for
alternative power sources. In this paper we present a novel approach to arranging shape memory alloy (SMA)
wires into a functional heat engine. Significant contributions include the design itself, a preliminary analytical
thermal analysis and the realization of a research prototype; thereby, laying a foundation from which to base
refinements and seek practical applications. The proposed engine consists of a set of SMA wires stretched between
a fix point and a connecting rod mounted on a freewheel who act on a shaft rotating in one direction. During
operation, the wires are alternatively heated with water at a temperature of 358 K, in order to obtain the
contraction of the wires, and refrigerated with air at room temperature (293 K), to aloud the deformation of the
wires. Potential applications may include the conversion of waste heat into shaft power.
A GIS Approach for Spatial Analysis of Traffic Accidents in the city of Hyderabad
Authors: Saikrishna Nagulamalyala , Reddy Prof. D. Rajashekar
Published: December 2024

Hyderabad is a rapidly growing city and one of Asia’s fastest growing cities which also resulting in led to challenges such as, Traffic congestion and increasing in traffic accident rates continuously every year. Identifying hotspots is a crucial step in reducing accident rates and improving the effectiveness of traffic safety management. The main objective of this paper is to identify and ranking of hot spots for different category of accidents, Deaths, Injuries, Property damages only and Overall accidents from the year 2021 to 2023 with the application of Geographical Information System oriented Spatial and Statistical analysis techniques, Kernel Density Estimation (KDE) offers a visual representation of the density or "hot spots" in a given dataset. and Getis-ord Gi* will provide the statistical significant hot spots obtained from KDE results. The results provide valuable evidence for various agencies and can be effectively utilized to prioritize specific locations, implement improved planning, and develop management strategies to reduce traffic accidents.
Globalization and the Assamese Language: A Study
Authors: Hazarika Dr. Bishwa
Published: December 2024

The concept of globalization goes beyond economic boundaries and encompasses all aspects, including political, social, cultural, and linguistic aspects. This versatile dynamic process has also enriched the linguistic field in various ways. Many times, it has even caused problems. The rapid development of information technology has turned the whole world into a small village. Many countries and nations in the world are facing a crisis to preserve their identity in terms of language and culture. The impact of globalization on the Assamese language cannot be ignored. There are various positive and negative impacts of globalization on language, including linguistic change.
This paper analyzes various aspects of how globalization has affected the Assamese language. The paper will be prepared mainly through analytical methods.
Fish Market of Problems and Challenges Faced by Fishermen and Merchants of Sundarbans in India - A Study
Authors: Alam Zahangir , Pakira Dr. Abhijit
Published: December 2024

As home to 4.5 million human inhabitants most of whom make their living fishing in the nearby waters the
Sundarbans, the world’s largest mangrove ecosystem and a global hotspot for fisheries, faces unique socioeconomic and environmental stressors affecting its human communities (who provide most of her editorial) This
study investigates the primary concerns of fishermen and merchants in Sundarbans fish markets, including
variable prices of fish, reliance on brokers, ecological impoverishment and social disparities. The research
utilizes a mixed-methods strategy, integrating qualitative data from interviews and field observations with
quantitative data derived from surveys of 50 fishermen and 20 merchants at 16 major fish markets.
The results show that fish stocks have declined sharply as salinity increased by 15 percent over the past 20 years
while mangroves were being cut down at a rate of 0.2 percent per year. This has resulted in economic exploitation
with 85% of fishermen relying on middlemen who make less than 40% of the retail price, and post-harvest losses
amounting to 25% a year owing to poor infrastructure. On the social front, the children of fishing households
rarely do better than the minimum required grades to complete secondary education and only 25% of them
graduate from high school; gender inequities persist as well, with women earning on average 20% lower than
men engaged in similar fish activities;
These results highlight the necessity of sustainable fisheries, infrastructure development, and direct-to-consumer
market models to mitigate economic stress. Integrated policy interventions tackling these challenges can ensure
livelihoods and equity while also safeguarding this fragile ecosystem for generations to come in the Sundarbans.
Training And Development On Employee Performance In Moderation Of Supervision At The Office Of Supervision And Service Of Customs And Excise Type B Madya Pabean B Samarinda
Authors: Handayani Ida , Setiyadi Djoko , Heksarini Ariesta
Published: December 2024

This study aims to analyze the training and development of human resources (HR) on the performance of employees of the Samarinda Customs and Excise Supervision and Service Office (KPPBC), and to test the moderating role of supervision in strengthening the role of supervision in the work environment. This research uses quantitative methods with SEM-PLS techniques to test the hypothesis. Data were collected through questionnaires filled out by 70 employees of KPPBC Samarinda. The results of the analysis show that training and human resource development have a positive and significant influence on employee performance with pvalue 0.005 and 0.016 respectively. However, supervision does not significantly moderate the relationship between training and performance (pvalue 0.751) or HR development and performance (pvalue 0.478). This finding indicates that although HR development and training play an important role in improving performance, supervision has not been able to significantly strengthen the influence of both. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the quality of supervision in order to be able to support the implementation of training and HR development more effectivel
Food Waste from Catering Services in Thai Hotels: A Composition Analysis and Practical Guidelines for Effective Utilization
Authors: Srijuntrapun Patranit , Sukwong Patinya
Published: December 2024

Food waste from the hotel sector is a significant contributor to the overall volume of food waste, particularly in restaurants and food services through various processes. However, precise data on food waste generated by the hotel industry is lacking. This study aims to quantify and characterize the food waste generated during the preparation and serving processes in hotel catering, with the goal of finding efficient solutions to reduce food waste that are appropriate for the hotel and catering sectors. The study presents novel findings that among the different types of catering, dinner-style buffets (DB) generate the highest amount of food waste, accounting for an average of 96.28% of the total waste. In contrast, gourmet finger food catering (GF) is the most efficient, producing the least amount of food waste. Food waste from hotel catering has potential for biomass production, with the average moisture content ranging from 48.86% to 54.93%. The calorific value of the food waste samples averaged 16.99±4.73 MJ kg-1, indicating its potential as an alternative energy source. Additionally, nutrient analysis revealed nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium concentrations of 11.37%, 0.41%, and 0.58%, respectively. The C/N ratio was low at 5.62±0.89, suggesting a high nitrogen content. To optimize composting, carbon-rich materials like leaf litter are required. By implementing these guidelines, hotels can not only minimize their environmental footprint but also enhance operational efficiency, bolster long-term sustainability, and establish themselves as leaders in responsible waste management within the hospitality industry.
Development of wireless optically stimulable upconversion nanoparticle devices for non-invasive photodynamic therapy
Authors: Oba Shutaro , Iwanuma Naoki , Qiu Chenxi , Tsuji Kazushi , Kino Hisashi , Fukushima Takafumi , Tanaka Tetsu
Published: December 2024

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is one of the treatment methods used for brain tumors. In PDT, red laser light is irradiated onto photosensitizers accumulated in tumor tissues. However, the red light used in PDT has low tissue penetration, requiring the opening of the head for surgery, which imposes a significant burden on the patient. Therefore, in this study, we proposed wireless optically stimulable implant devices using upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs), including the UCNP fiber and the waveguiding (WG)-UCNP mesh sheet. The proposed devices enable wireless red light emission by external NIR irradiation, resulting in non-invasive PDT. Furthermore, the UCNP fiber and WG-UCNP mesh sheet have separate NIR light receiving and red light emitting areas, which reduces the attenuation of the entering NIR light in bone, tissue, and so on. In this study, the UCNP fiber and WG-UCNP mesh sheet were successfully fabricated, and the light strength characteristics were evaluated using emission tests.
Pengaruh “Virtual Influencers” di TikTok terhadap Perilaku Konsumen Generasi Z di Kota Mataram
Authors: Jannah Miptahul , Rizal Ahmad Ashril
Published: December 2024

Virtual Influencer /also called Cgi influencer are fictional characters that are created through computer technology. They are the life-like looking and personable ones who help get to audiences on social media for marketing. They can work as a virtual human that serve as a brand ambassador of the tunes & logs- the products and engage with their followers just like regular influencer. It has impacted the digital marketing status-quo on social media like no other platform (Especially TikTok). Marketing of virtual influencers to Generation Z as the largest consumer generation on social is the top priority. In general, Virtual Influencers are known to push the bar rather high when it comes to new and unique styles or trends in fashion the younger generations take to daily. Whether as “virtual Influencers” spread content that could potentially shape consumer preference around a certain apparel brand, hairstyle, accessory, etc. Problema was then later questioned as a top in article So this study intends to explore the virtual influencers' effect on TikTok of Generation Z consumption behavior in Mataram City. The analysis of data was conducted on 50 respondents using the product moment correlation test in a quantitative method through a questionnaire. The research actually highlights the impact of “Virtual Influencers” on the consumer perception in Mataram City based on Generation Z consumption behavior with a significant correlation result of r = 0.798 indicating high relationship between the two, showing that influencing factor. The effect size of 45.8% implies that 47% of the variation in how consumers merchandising decisions are driven by their interaction with virtual influencers on the TikTok platform. The researches the effect of virtual influencers on Generation Z's buying decision.
Peningkatan Akurasi Nilai Harga Saham Menggunakan Metode Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) pada PT Unilever Tbk
Authors: Arinal Veri , Puspita Melli
Published: December 2024

The rapid development of technology has an impact on the economy of society, one of which is investing in stocks. Stocks are a proof of an individual's ownership of an asset in a company. However, stock prices have a very high level of fluctuation, so an accurate method is needed to help predict stock prices. LSTM and GRU were chosen due to their intrinsic ability to handle long-term and short-term issues in time series data. LSTM has a complex memory structure that allows decision-making based on long-term and short-term information. Meanwhile, GRU has a simpler structure with a focus on gate mechanisms to control the flow of information, resulting in a lighter and faster model. Therefore, this study will compare two RNN methods, namely Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) and Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU), in predicting stock prices using the stock price data of PT. Unilever (UNVR) with evaluation metrics MAPE and RMSE. The combination of parameters used to evaluate the MAPE and RMSE values in this study includes learning rate, timesteps, batch size, and epoch. The results of this study indicate that the GRU method is more accurate compared to the LSTM method. This is evidenced by the evaluation results of the LSTM method with the lowest MAPE value of 2.42% and the lowest RMSE value of 0.01807, while the evaluation results of the GRU method with the lowest MAPE value of 2.14% and the lowest RMSE value of 0.01775. The combination of parameters used in this study also has an impact on the final MAPE and RMSE results, especially with the use of learning rates of 0.001 and 0.0001. Thus, it can be concluded in this study that the GRU method is more accurate and effective compared to the LSTM method in predicting stock prices.
Deteksi Kerusakan Jalan Berdasarkan Citra Digital Menggunakan Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)
Authors: Mulyana Dadang Iskandar , Wahyudi Ilham
Published: December 2024

Highways are a connection between an area or region to another destination. The rapid construction of highways in big cities is not comparable to the improvement and rearrangement of damaged roads in several areas. Most of the damaged roads are caused by heavy vehicle traffic or heavy loads with quite frequent intensity, as well as natural disasters such as floods and earthquakes. This of course disrupts the traffic system, and is quite dangerous for drivers who often pass through areas where there are many damaged roads. With these obstacles, this study aims to build a system that can detect road damage through digital image capture using the convolutional neural network method. The results of this study obtained a road damage detection accuracy value reaching 80%.
Implementasi Sistem Penerjemahan Bahasa Isyarat dengan Metode Pengenalan Ucapan
Authors: Mulyana Dadang Iskandar , Septiani Novi
Published: December 2024

The rapid development of technology certainly brings many benefits to the surrounding environment, several factors are helped by the advancement of technological tools, especially to help people with disabilities, currently people with disabilities, especially the mute, often have difficulty communicating, several factors affect the limited understanding of people with disabilities with the surrounding community, for example, the limited hearing of people with mute. With this background, a tool is needed that is able to translate Indonesian into sign language so that it can help people with disabilities and the community in communicating and living in society. This study uses the speech recognition method in its application, the results of the study reached an accuracy value of 80%.
UNRAVELLING THE IMPACT OF METFORMIN AND LIFESTYLE CHANGES ON SERUM IRISIN AND HEALTH METRICS IN POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYDROME PATIENTS WITH OBESITY
Authors: Patel Pratibha , Nagaria Tripti , Kishore Ruchi , Pal Jagannath , Rajput Yogita
Published: December 2024

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common heterogeneous endocrine condition that affects women
of reproductive age, often associated with obesity and insulin resistance. Of particular concern is the association between
PCOS and obesity, which exacerbates metabolic dysfunction, insulin resistance, and the risk of developing Type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular
disease. Irisin, a novel myokine, has garnered significant interest for its potential role in energy metabolism and glucose homeostasis regulation.
Metformin, a biguanide derivative has emerged as a cornerstone in the management of PCOS, especially in obese individuals. Therefore, the
present study was conducted to know the effect of Metformin and lifestyle modification on certain key metabolic parameters particularly, serum
irisin level in obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome. A prospective interventional study was c Material And Methods: onducted at the
Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology of Dr B.R.A.M. Hospital, Raipur in a span of 1 year, from March 2023 to March 2024. The study was
conducted on 52 PCOS women with obesity (BMI >25) coming to the outpatient department. The patients were categorized into two groups.
Group A: (26) Subjects receiving metformin therapy along with lifestyle modifications for 12 weeks; and Group B: (26) Subjects not receiving
Metformin therapy but only lifestyle modifications for 12 weeks. Irisin levels were assessed using the ELISA kit of Phoenix Pharmaceuticals The
statistical analysis was done using MS Excel and SPSS 20. Combining Metformin and lifestyle interven Results: tion significantly increased
serum Irisin levels over 12 weeks (p=0.002) in contrast to lifestyle intervention alone (p=0.286). W Conclusion: e observed improvement in
irisin values in both groups, but the combined approach with Metformin and lifestyle modification shows pronounced improvement in clinical,
metabolic, and hormonal profiles in PCOS women with obesity.
COMPARISON OF ROPIVACAINE WITH FENTANYL VS BUPIVACAINE WITH FENTANYL FOR POSTOPERATIVE EPIDURAL ANALGESIA IN INFRAUMBILICAL SURGERY: A PROSPECTIVE RANDOMIZED STUDY
Authors: Rashid Abdullah , Sudhir K Rai , Indubala Maurya , Ram G Maurya , Maurya Ram Gopal
Published: December 2024

Background: Epidural neuraxial analgesia is frequently used for postoperative pain relief. This study was aimed to
compare postoperative epidural analgesia using 0.1% ropivacaine with 2mcg/ml fentanyl and 0.1% Bupivacaine with
2mcg/ml fentanyl in infraumbilical surgery. In this double-blinded randomized study, 120 patients, Material & Method: of age 18-60 years,
planed for elective infra umbilical surgery under combined spinal-epidural anesthesia, were randomly allocated to receive either 10ml of 0.2%
ropivacaine + 0.8ml fentanyl +9.2 ml of NS (Group A) or 4ml of 0.5% bupivacaine +0.8 ml fentanyl + 15.2 ml of NS (Group B) for postoperative
analgesia with a lumber epidural catheter. Postoperatively, the onset and duration of epidural analgesia and stress response (HR, NIBP, RR,
SPO2) were recorded. Demographic data were comparable in both the groups. Also, no differences were Results: noted in hemodynamic
variabilities except mean postoperative diastolic blood pressure of group B was significantly lower in compared to ropivacaine group, { group A
(80.13), group B (78.4) and p-value = 0.0082} but it never fell <20% of baseline. Mean onset time of epidural analgesia was significantly higher
in ropivacaine group (12.2 ± 2.50 minutes) compared to bupivacaine group (11.2 ± 2.40 minutes), (p-value = 0.0273). The duration of analgesia
was 4.44±1.85 hours (Group A) and 3.83±1.55 hours (Group B) which was comparable. Conclusion: Ropivacaine with fentanyl proved to have
marginally greater analgesic efficacy and hemodynamic stability. For this reason, Ropivacaine is found to be a better alternative for both
intraoperative and postoperative local anaesthetic and analgesia.
ESTABLISHING REFERENCE INTERVAL FOR UREA BY HOFFMANN, BHATTACHARYA, NON-PARAMETRIC TEST, AND Q-Q PLOT METHOD
Authors: Sowmiya M.S. , Dheebalakshmi N.
Published: December 2024

Background: Reference intervals (RIs) are essential for interpreting laboratory test results and determining the clinical
status of patients. Urea, a key biomarker for renal function, requires accurate RIs to assess kidney health. This study aims
to establish RIs for urea using multiple statistical methods, including the Hoffmann, Bhattacharya, non-parametric test, and Q-Q plot methods,
based on a dataset of 1000 samples. A retrospective analysis of 1000 patient samples was performed Methods: to determine RIs for urea. Urea
levels were measured using an enzymatic assay. The Hoffmann and Bhattacharya methods were used for indirect RI determination, while nonparametric percentiles and Q-Q plot methods were employed for assessing distribution and establishing RIs. Data analysis was conducted using
R, SPSS, and Python for robust statistical analysis. The mean urea level was 30.2 mg/dL, with a refe Results: rence interval determined to be
12.0–49.5 mg/dL using non-parametric methods. The Hoffmann method provided a slightly wider RI of 12.4–48.9 mg/dL, while the
Bhattacharya method yielded 14.0–47.5 mg/dL. Q-Q plots indicated an approximately normal distribution of urea levels with minor deviations in
the tails. The established RIs for urea using various statistical methods provide a reliable basis f Conclusion: or clinical interpretation. Nonparametric methods offer a robust approach for datasets with non-normal distributions. Future research should extend these methods to other
biomarkers, such as creatinine and uric acid, to improve clinical diagnostic accuracy
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN NEUTROPHIL TO LYMPHOCYTE RATIO AND LIVER FUNCTION TEST IN INTRAHEPATIC CHOLESTASIS OF PREGNANCY
Authors: Verma Akanksha , Sudha Gaur Sindhu , Lauria Nupur , Meena Hitesh , Meena Sonam , Meena Manisha
Published: December 2024

Background: Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of adverse fetal outcome.
Elevated serum bile acid levels trigger an inflammatory response. This study was conducted to find out association
between neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and liver function test in women with IHCP. This prospective Methods: case control study was
conducted on 80 pregnant women with complain of prutitus. 40 women with IHCP were taken as cases and same number of women without IHCP
taken as control. All women were subjected to Liver Function Tests, Serum Bile Acids and CBC. Absolute neutrophil count to absolute
lymphocyte count was calculated and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio was assessed in relation with serum aminotransferase and serum bile acid
levels. Not only was the mean NLR elevated in the pregnant women with cholestasis when compared to Results: the controls, but it also predicted
the severity of the cholestasis. The correlation between transaminase levels, serum bile acid levels and NLR was significant. NLR Conclusion:
can be used as an alternative marker for diagnosis of IHCP. Although, TBA remains the gold standard, NLR can play a crucial role as initial
screening tool.
A PATIENT WITH FUNCTIONAL DIARRHOEA TREATED WITH FLUOXETINE: A CASE REPORT
Authors: Boro Monalisa , Das Nikhita , Dey Pranjal
Published: December 2024

Functional diarrhoea (FD) has no clear cause despite extensive investigations. According to Rome IV diagnostic criteria
patients with FD must have loose or watery stools, without predominant abdominal pain or bothersome bloating,
occurring in >25% of stools, for the last 3 months with symptom onset at least 6 months prior to diagnosis, and patients meeting criteria for IBS-D
should be excluded. A 25-year-old unmarried female presented to the psychiatry outpatient department with a history of passage of loose stool for
the past 2 years. She passed stool 10-12 times a day. It was watery in consistency, not associated with the passage of fresh blood or mucus, or foul
smell, but associated with occasional pain abdomen. The 5-item patient-reported outcomes measurement information system (PROMIS)
diarrhoea questionnaire scoring of the patient was 24, and the T-score was 84.1. A higher T- score (> 60) indicates severe symptoms. She was
started with 10mg fluoxetine and increased to 20mg after 4 weeks. Her PROMIS (diarrhoea) score dropped to 4 after 8 weeks of treatment. The
current treatment options primarily target the patient's symptoms rather than the underlying etiology of the condition. Antidepressants are a
mainstay of treatment in patients with moderate to severe functional abdominal disorders. A few studies have evaluated the effect of fluoxetine on
IBS symptoms, but they had different conclusions. However, these medications were not studied specifically in FD.
PREVALENCE OF DIABETIC RETINOPATHY AND MICROALBUMINURIA IN PREDIABETIC PATIENTS ATTENDING OPD IN TERTIARY CARE CENTRE IN NORTH KARNATAKA
Authors: Doddamani G.B. , V Haritha. , Rajanikanth Apuri , Kumar Reddy Baradhi Prajay
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND: Diabetes is a chronic disease that arises when insulin generation is insufficient or insulin cannot be used
in the body.India is one country with greater number of diabetic patients.Prediabetes is a precursor for future diabetes and
related complications.Detecting prediabetes on time and early intervention will slow down the progression into diabetes.Microalbuminuria and
diabetic retinopathy are the early indicator of pre diabetes. AIM& OBJECTIVES To study the prevalence of microalbuminuria&diabetic
retinopathy in patients with prediabetes in rural india. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective study conducted in tertiary care hospital in
rural india for a period of 6 months. Patients details collected from avialble medical records. The study population consisted of individuals who
visited the medicine outpatient department who were screened for prediabetes, defined according to the American Diabetes Association (ADA)
criteria. Baseline data, including demographic profile,history of blood pressure, were collected.Microalbuminuria analyzed using an immunoturbidimetric test for quantitative determination of urine albumin was extracted from records. Additionally, fundus examination was performed by
ophthalmoscopy by experienced ophthalmologist. RESULTS The prevalence of microalbuminuria in this study is 20% and diabetic retinopathy is
8.3%. CONCLUSION This study highlights the importance of medical intervention in individuals with prediabetes, in addition to those with
diabetes mellitus, to control blood glucose levels. The presence of chronic microvascular complications, such as nephropathy and retinopathy, in our
prediabetic population emphasizes the need for regular screening for complications in all individuals with prediabetes. While lifestyle modification is
the mainstay of therapy for prediabetes, medical treatment should be considered as adjuvant therapy. Additionally, other risk factors in prediabetes
should be taken into account for effective management. The high prevalence of chronic complications in prediabetes suggests that the threshold for
blood glucose levels to diagnose diabetes mellitus and prediabetes should be reevaluated.
WERNEKINCK COMMISSURE SYNDROME -A RARE CAUSE OF ACUTE ATAXIA
Authors: Maria Jose Eveline , Thangaraj M , Jaikumar Jaikumar , Shriranjani Shriranjani
Published: December 2024

Common causes of acute onset ataxia are posterior circulation strokes ,demyelinating ,infectious and toxin induced. When
stroke is the etiology we expect bilateral cerebellar hemispheric infarcts to be the cause .However a rare syndrome
involving infarction of the paramedian caudal midbrain resulting bilateral ataxia along with INO and a delayed palatal myoclonus has been
described with the synonym Wernekinck's commissural syndrome .It results from the occlusion of the interpeduncular perforator branches which
originate from a common trunk supplied by multiple arteries.We describe the third case of Wernekinck commissure syndrome from India.
MENINGOENCEPHALITIS WITH SEIZURES: A DIAGNOSTIC DILEMMA
Authors: Maitra Somnath , Sardar Souvik , Mukherjee Moyukh
Published: December 2024

Scrub typhus is a disease spread by mites in various parts of the World.It has a wide range of clinical features affecting
different systems causing diagnostic dilemma.Neurological manifestations may be the presenting feature with
meningoencephalitis.We present a case of Scrub typhus meningoencephalitis here presenting with papilledema and seizures which responded to
doxycycline. The importance lies in the fact that Scrub typhus must be considered in the differential diagnosis of meningo encephalitis as it
responds to specific therapy and thus complications can be avoided by timely intervention.
A CADAVERIC STUDY ON MORPHOMETRY OF THE ABDOMINAL AORTA IN SOUTH INDIAN POPULATION
Authors: Chacko Sherin , Viswanath Namitha , Abdulkadar Sama
Published: December 2024

Abdominal Aorta (AA) is one of the largest artery supplying the abdominal viscera and surrounding structures. With the
advent of interventional surgeries the morphometry of AA is to be estimated to avert any difficulties during such
procedures. Studies on morphometric dimensions of AA on the South Indian population are very few. Knowing these parameters is important for
interventional radiologists and surgeons during diagnosis and surgery. Morphometry of AA was studied in 50 human cadavers by dissection
method to estimate the quantitative morphology of AA in the South Indian population. Various parameters like length, diameter, and distance
between the ventral branches of AA were measured and compared with available literature. The length of AA was 12.54±0.95 cm and the diameter
was 11.73 ±2.20 mm in our study. The distance between Coeliac Trunk and Superior Mesenteric Artery was found to be 1.23±0.35 cm and
Superior Mesenteric Artery and Inferior Mesenteric Artery was 6.96±0.66 cm. Morphometric assessment of AA is essential for navigating
through endovascular repairs of abdominal aortic aneurysms. This study was carried out to find the quantitative morphology of AA in the South
Indian population.
A CASE REPORT OF SUPRAVENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA
Authors: Kamat Raksha , Bulsara Panna
Published: December 2024

Background: Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia in children requiring therapy.
An accessory conduction pathway that permits the atrioventricular impulses to re-enter the regular pathway, completing
a circuit and rapidly activating the atrium and ventricle, is typically the cause of this arrhythmia. Diagnosis is frequently postponed in newborns
and early children due to a lack of distinct clinical symptoms, which can cause serious issues for paediatric clinical practice. Case Summary:
patient referred from sagbara CHC to NCHS with history of tachycardia, HR >240/min, respiratory distress and neonatal convulsion. Baby was
delivered full term, NVD, DOB 03/06/2022, BW=3.7kg, CIAB, APGAR score at 1min= 10, 5min= 10, inj vit-k given at birth. Patient was
admitted at sagbara CHC with convulsions on day of life 22, convulsion controlled with phenobarbitone. Later patient developed respiratory
distress and tachycardia (HR>240/min) hence baby was transferred to NCHS. Baby was kept on O2 prong at 2L/min. ABGA, CBC, CRP, ECG,
CXR done. ECG showed narrow complex tachyarrhythmia, P wave absent, fix R-R interval, systemic examination done. Patient was given
adenosine 0.1mg/kg. adenosine mixed with 0.9% NaCl, 3ml given through rapid flush in antecubital IV line. After adenosine the heart rate
reduced to 168/min. Cardiologist opinion was taken and it was normal heart study. Since no delta wave were present patient was started on
digoxin and discharged home successfully. Treatment outcomes for SVT are favourable, and the conditi Conclusion: on is rarely lifethreatening. Even while SVT frequently has a prenatal component, symptoms can appear at any time. The episodes appear to occur more
frequently in the early years, then again in the 7–8 age range, and finally in the adolescent years. The episodes may or may not be connected to
activity, and they can change in frequency and length over time.
DESIGN, DEVELOPMENT AND OPTIMIZATION OF TELMESARTAN BY UTILIZING SOLID DISPERSION TECHNIQUES
Authors: Jaiswal Shagun , Deva Varsha , Kumar Rohit
Published: December 2024

Solubility studies shows an remarkable, direct growth in the hydrated solubility of the Telmisartan with expand amount of
β-CD, largest application of β-CD (15mM/L) so enhancement in the saturation solubility of Telmisartan. An addition
combination of Telmisartan with β-CD was arrange effectively by the various methods like : Physical mixing, Kneading, Solvent Evaporation
and Fusion methods in the molar proportion of 1:1. This was established by FTIR and XRD studies. The combination of Telmisartan with β-CD &
PEG-6000 planned easily by the methods like - Physical mixing, Kneading, Solvent Evaporation and Fusion methods in the molar frequency of
1:1. This was committed by FTIR and XRD studies.With the present investigations it can be concluded that solubility of deficiently soluble drug
Telmisartan can be enhanced effectively using solubility enhancement approaches such as solid dispersion. The outcome collected demonstrate
that artificially dissolution of both the drugs was improved after solubility enhancement as contrast to real drug and marketed tablet.
Pharmacokinetic data proved the hypothesis of improvement in bioavailability proving that developed formulations have better oral absorption
than the conventional dosage form and pure drug. Hence the developed formulations have scope of better adherence and therapeutic efficacy.
From all the five methods - Kneading method using methanol-water as solvent employing show the rapid and topmost in artifically partition
amount when contrast to the tablet of pure telmisartan, and during stability study there was very slight decrease in its dissolution profile.
Meningkatkan Motivasi Belajar Matematika Kelas 2 SDN 10 Tualang Melalui Penerapan Metode Pembelajaran Kelompok
Authors: Sudirman  , Rita Afriani  , Nur Azlan
Published: December 2024

Mathematics is one of the important subjects in elementary school. However, many students experience difficulties and lack motivation in learning mathematics. This can be caused by various factors. such as learning methods that are less attractive, material that is difficult to understand and a learning environment that is not conducive. This research aims to increase motivation to learn mathematics 2nd grade students at SDN 10 Tualang through the application of the group learning method. The group learning method was chosen because it can create a learning atmosphere that is more active, interactive and fun for students. Apart from that, the group learning method can also help students to exchange information and ideas, and increase feelings of trust. themselves and their independence. This research used an experimental research design with a single group pre-experimental design. The instruments used to measure student learning motivation were questionnaires and observations. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the t test. The results of the research showed that there was an increase in the motivation to learn mathematics for grade 2 students at SDN 10 Tualang after implementing the group learning method. This increase can be seen from the questionnaire scores and observation results. This shows that the group learning method is effective in increasing motivation to learn mathematics in grade 2 students at SDN 10 Tualang.
Pattern of Organisms and their Sensitivity to Antibiotics in Patients Suffering from UTI Attending in Private Chamber a Prospective Study from 2016-2018
Authors: Akhter Dr. Parul , Haque Dr. Mahbuba , Sikder Dr. Minara , Dhar Dr. Dipannita , Parvin Dr. Roxana
Published: December 2024

Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a prevalent health concern globally, with bacterial pathogens causing significant morbidity. Effective UTI management requires accurate pathogen identification and antibiotic susceptibility profiling, especially amid rising antibiotic resistance, which complicates treatment. In Bangladesh, private clinics frequently cater to patients seeking prompt care, but limited data exists on UTI pathogen patterns and resistance in these settings. Objective: This study aimed to assess the prevalence of UTI-causing organisms and their antibiotic sensitivity profiles in patients attending a private clinic in Bangladesh from 2016 to 2018, with a focus on understanding regional resistance patterns. Methodology: A prospective observational study was conducted, analyzing urine samples from 63 UTI patients. The pathogens were isolated using standard microbiological techniques, and antibiotic susceptibility was evaluated using disk diffusion methods. Data were analyzed to determine the most and least effective antibiotics for each pathogen, alongside demographic analysis of UTI occurrence. Results: Escherichia coli emerged as the primary UTI pathogen (66.7%), followed by Methicillin-Sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) (25.4%). Antibiotic susceptibility showed high sensitivity to Imipenem, Meropenem, and Amikacin for E. coli, while Cephradine and Cefixime exhibited significant resistance. MSSA showed high sensitivity to similar antibiotics but notable resistance to Co-trimoxazole and Doxycycline. The majority of UTI cases were in patients aged 21–30 years (44.4%). Conclusion: The study reveals high resistance to commonly used antibiotics in a private clinical setting, emphasizing the need for localized antibiotic stewardship to manage UTI treatment effectively and mitigate resistance. Ongoing surveillance in private clinics is recommended to tailor interventions and adjust treatment protocols based on resistance trends.
Seasonal Variation of Febrile Seizure: A Hospital Based Study
Authors: Rahman Dr. Md. Ziaur , Salim Dr. AFM , Ghosh Dr. Nabo Krishna , Azmeri Dr.
Published: December 2024

Background: Febrile seizures (FS) are the most common type of convulsions in children from 6 months to 5 years of age and usually occur without central nervous system involvement, but precipitated by fever in children. Incidence of FS has been observed to vary seasonally, possibly associated with environmental factors and seasonal illnesses. This hospital-based study aims to characterize seasonal and diurnal patterns of FS to provide guidance for preventive as well as therapeutic strategies. Methods: This cross sectional study conducted at Department of Paediatrics, Institute of Dr. MR Khan Shishu Hospital & Institute of Child Health, Dhaka from January 2012 to December 2013. A total 298 children between 5 months up to 5 years of age who had febrile seizures. They included generalized tonic-clonic seizures that lasted less than 15 minutes. Results: Febrile seizures were most common among Children aged 13 to 18 months, predominance of male (72%). Corresponding to the winter and summer seasons, seasonal peaks were in January (12%) and July (11%). A higher incidence occurred between noon and evening (51.7 %) and between evening and midnight (31.5 %), whereas incidence between morning and noon (10.4 %) and between midnight and morning (6.4 %) were lower. The mean duration of febrile illness at presentation was 7.6 hours. Conclusion: This study shows that FS incidence is seasonal, with peaks of winter and summer. Increased cases were also observed in diurnal variation with more cases occurring in the afternoon and evening hours.
Gender Determination from Toe Print among Tagalog Population in Philippines for Crime Scene Application
Authors: T Nataraja Moorthy , D Ivan Nikkimor, L. , K Sairah, A.
Published: December 2024

Background: Footprint forms valuable physical evidence left unintentionally by the offenders during crime operations as recovered at the crime scenes. Foot impressions are used to determine stature, body weight and gender during crime scene investigation. However, there are incidences wherein partial footprints, or toe prints, are found at the crime scenes, hence some investigators have neglected such prints. Aim: The present study aimed to examine the ridge density of toe prints of Tagalog people living in the Philippines for gender determination. Methodology: The study recruited 242 consented Tagalogs, including 109 males and 133 females, and their toe prints were collected, following the standard procedure. The ridge density of right and left side toe prints was calculated by "Acree's method". The data were analysed statistically by SPSS software version 26 and performed an independent T-test. The correlation between the toe regions was studied using the Pearson correlation coefficient (r). Result: The result demonstrated that the mean ridge density of females is comparatively higher than the mean ridge density of males in all toes. On the right side, maximum sex differences were reflected for the ridge density in the third toe print area, followed by the second toe, fourth toe, and fifth toe with minimum sex differences in the great toe. The left side reflected maximum sex differences for the ridge density in the fourth toe, followed by the great toe, second toe, and third toe with a minimum in the third toe. The results were presented in the form of tables and figures. Conclusion: The study provided valuable information for gender determination from toe prints for crime scene application. This finding cannot be generalized and used only for the Tagalog population in the Philippines.
Management of Complicated Crown Fractures in Permanent Anterior Teeth: A Systematic Review and Therapeutic Chart Proposal
Authors: Zaghdoudi Hajer , Kallel Ines , Douki Nabiha
Published: December 2024

This systematic review aimed to evaluate the existing literature on the management of complicated crown fractures in permanent anterior teeth. A comprehensive search of PubMed (MEDLINE) from January 2012 to January 2022 identified 85 relevant articles, with 16 studies meeting the inclusion criteria. These studies comprised 6 case reports, 3 literature reviews, 5 retrospective studies, 1 prospective study, and 1 systematic review. Key factors influencing treatment decisions were the stage of root development, pulp exposure size, and tooth restorability. However, the review found a lack of consensus regarding the optimal treatment approach, particularly concerning the choice between direct pulp capping, partial pulpotomy, or full pulpotomy. The studies revealed variability in outcomes based on age and pulp exposure size, but the time elapsed between trauma and treatment did not consistently influence the choice of therapy. Our findings align with the 2020 International Association of Dental Traumatology (IADT) guidelines, which advocate for vital pulp therapy in managing traumatic crown fractures. Nevertheless, more recent studies (2020-2024) suggest further refinement is needed to establish precise treatment protocols. Future research should focus on providing actionable clinical guidelines and exploring long-term outcomes to inform better clinical decision-making.
Research on Consumer Dispute Resolution on E-commerce Platforms
Authors: Chen I-Ching , Ling KeXin
Published: December 2024

With the development of the internet and changes in consumer shopping preferences, e-commerce has rapidly replaced traditional consumption methods due to its convenience, speed, wide selection, and cost-effectiveness. B2C e-commerce is booming, injecting new vitality into the economy. However, the virtual and open nature of e-commerce transactions has led to increasing information asymmetry between consumers and merchants, resulting in frequent consumer disputes, which not only harm consumer rights but also affect the reputation of platforms and merchants. Traditional dispute resolution mechanisms are difficult to adapt to the characteristics of consumer disputes on e-commerce platforms. Therefore, exploring efficient, convenient, and low-cost consumer dispute resolution mechanisms for e-commerce platforms has become an urgent need. This paper aims to study the consumer dispute resolution mechanisms of e-commerce platforms to provide references for improving these mechanisms and to promote the healthy development of the e-commerce industry.