bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Successful Embolization of a Ruptured Ovarian Artery Aneurysm in a Postmenopausal Woman: Case Report and Literature Review of Gonadal Artery Aneurysms
Authors: García-Alva Ramón , Guerrero-Hernández Manuel , Anaya-Ayala Javier E. , Leal-Anaya Paula , Gabutti Alejandro , Picazo Alan , Hinojosa Carlos A.
Published: December 2017

Gonadal artery aneurysms (GADs) are extremely rare; their prevalence and natural history are unknown and their pathogenesis remains poorly understood. Based on the limited literature reports, these might present with rupture (ovarian artery) or pain and acute thrombosis (testicular artery). The present article reports the case of an 80-year-old woman who came to the emergency department (ED) with acute onset of abdominal and left flank pain. A computed tomography angiography (CTA) revealed a large retroperitoneal hematoma associated with the presence of a left ovarian artery aneurysm. The patient was taken to the angiography suite for a selective vessel catheterization and embolization with N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate (NBCA). Following the procedure, her serial hemoglobin remained stable, her symptoms subsided, and she was discharged home 2 days later. The GADs are unrecognized entities until an acute event such as rupture occurs, and vessel embolization is effective for hemorrhage control. Close communication and collaboration with gynecologists and urologists are crucial to better define the prevalence, natural history, and the appropriate behavior and timing for elective treatment. With this article, the authors additionally present a review of the literature.
Mapping the times
Authors: Agger Gunhild
Published: December 2017

In historical TV drama and film research, the relationship between the period of production and the period represented in fictitious form is often described in terms of mirroring – a sort of dialogue between periods takes place. The question is in which ways and to what ends? On the basis of eight historical TV drama productions 1995–2015, my aim is to analyse the character of this dialogue. The ideas of proximity, distance and nostalgia, seen through the prism of culture and national identity, are applied. Different genre combinations and specificity of style represent other important vehicles for the continued dialogue between past and present.
Form, platform and the formation of transnational audiences
Authors: Esser Andrea
Published: December 2017

This article combines analysis of form, platform and audiences for a holistic understanding of how Danish series entered the global trade in TV fiction. Building on existing research on form and production values, it adds a wide-ranging empirical case study, exploring the specific local conditions that led to the introduction of Danish series in the United Kingdom in 2011 and subsequent growth in UK audiences for Danish and other subtitled TV series. It reveals the multiplicity of factors contributing to the success of the early Danish serial imports; the interdependence of form, platform and audiences; and the imperative to rethink dominant theories of international programme flows.
An Exploratory, Comparative Perspective on the Dynamics of Conflict in American Professional Organizations
Authors: Ahmad Aqueil
Published: December 2017

Using an interdisciplinary and cross-cultural perspective, this study explores the dynamics of conflict and its resolution in a group of American professional organizations. The analysis is performed on a convenience sample of 318 professionals. The context for the study covers seminal studies on organizational conflict in national and international settings. Issues explored include the prevalence and intensity of conflict; relationships among power, cliques, and conflict; the use of non-professional decision criteria in professional decisions and their implications for conflict; and conflict resolution styles. The results point out several new directions that may contribute toward the development of a more comprehensive social-psychological theory of organizational conflict.
Georeferencing School-Age Population Projections: Methodology for a Rapidly Growing District
Authors: Trouteaud Alex , Tolbert Charles M. , Irwin Michael D.
Published: December 2017

Schools and other public service providers often require detailed information about local populations to accommodate geographically specific population growth and decline with necessary resources. Faced with relentless middle-class population growth, the Ascension Parish School District requires fine-grained population projections of its school enrollment to ensure sufficient facilities and balanced attendance zones in coming years. In this paper we outline the method we created to integrate standard projected population values with GIS to forecast any number of sub-parish population settlement geographies. With this approach, Ascension Parish School District is able to locate future school facilities and easily negotiate multiple possible attendance zone boundaries by systematically disaggregating and recombining standard population projections through GIS.
Low-Income African American Fathers' Perceptions and Experiences in a Fatherhood Support Program
Authors: Sheppard Vanessa B. , Sims-Boykin Stephanie D. , Zambrana Ruth E. , Adams Inez
Published: December 2017

We describe the experiences and perceptions of low-income African American fathers enrolled in a fatherhood support program delivered by mentor fathers. Data were collected through focus groups. Client fathers' key motivations for enrolling in the program were improving parenting skills through mentor and peer support. Satisfaction with provider-client interaction (father-to-father) was key, highlighting the important aspect of mentoring for continued program participation. Key program outcomes were improved child and co-parenting relationships. Client fathers had a specific set of psychosocial issues, which they needed addressed. More information is needed to advance the conceptualization of factors associated with low-income African American fathers' lives and their co-parenting roles.
Integrating Soiological Research and Theory with Community-Oriented Policing: Bridging the Gap between Academics and Practice
Authors: Chappell Allison T. , Lanza-Kaduce Lonn
Published: December 2017

Over 70 percent of police agencies indicate that they have put the community-oriented policing (COPS) philosophy into practice, but some critics claim that they are failing to do it well. In this paper, we examine three core components of community policing (community involvement, problem solving, and organizational decentralization) and employ lessons from the academic sociological literature on these topics to inform how to improve the fit between philosophy and practice. We argue that applying lessons from sociology will make the implementation and practice of community policing more successful in meeting community needs, including reducing crime and fear of crime.
An Academic Model for Community-Based Research
Authors: Rodabough Tillman
Published: December 2017

Driven by the dual goals of training students to apply their research skills in a community setting and providing much needed research to local community and governmental agencies, three social science professors created a center to conduct community research. This address details the steps used to build clientele in the community and discusses how to integrate applied research with academic expectations. Three major issues are addressed. The first consists of building relationships with community entities to acquire the necessary opportunities for research and, in so doing, for finding the program. The second involves educating faculty colleagues and university administrators to provide institutional support for community research. The third concerns developing applied courses with minimal faculty that meet the academic demands of a university, while protecting the privacy needs and meeting the time constraints of community clients. Several outcomes attest to the success of this endeavor. These include an integrated undergraduate/graduate program in applied research; city agencies that make data-based decisions and contact the Center for program evaluations, population projections, needs assessments and data collection; and, shared respect and stronger relationships between the university and community.
Sociological Theory and Practice: The Case of Criminology
Authors: Akers Ronald L.
Published: December 2017

Issues in the application of sociological theory to practice in the control, prevention, and treatment of criminal and delinquent behavior are reviewed. The validity of the distinction between applied and pure sociology in the case of criminology is questioned. Application of theory occurs not only in the formal criminal justice system but also in the informal system of private and public practice directed toward criminal and deviant behavior. Moral and ethical values are necessarily implicated in any policy or practice, as illustrated in a hypothetical program for segregation and insulation of youth for delinquency prevention. An outline, with some examples, of what would be involved in reviewing the application of theory to the control, prevention, and treatment of criminal or delinquent behavior and the implications of practice for theory is given.
Change Agent Innovativeness: Community Economic Development Directors' Attitudes toward Telecommunications
Authors: Korsching Peter F. , Roelfs David J.
Published: December 2017

This study examines the innovativeness of Iowa community economic development director change agents. Change agents such as economic development directors are employed by communities because of their expertise and assumed enthusiasm for innovation and change. Telecommunications innovations are being widely promoted in helping America's rural communities overcome some factors that historically have handicapped small and remote communities maintain economic viability. But achieving the utility of these technologies in local development is dependent upon leadership from the economic development directors to help communities acquire, implement, and fully exploit them. We hypothesize that change agents will be more innovative in using telecommunications technologies with greater exposure to information about the technologies. Findings reveal significant variation in the innovativeness of these change agents and that recent information and experience with the technologies are particularly important in their use by the economic development directors.
Flower Power: Assessing the Impact of the Magnolia Project on Reducing Poor Birth Outcomes in an At-Risk Neighborhood
Authors: Will Jeffry A. , Hall Irma , Cheney Tim , Driscoll Maura
Published: December 2017

The past decade has seen tremendous improvements in the health status of children in the United States. In 1992, the infant mortality rate in the United States was at 8.5 per 1,000 live births. By 2002 that figure had declined to 6.9. However, the infant mortality rate for Jacksonville/Duval County in Northeast Florida has consistently remained higher than both the national and state rates, particularly for minority populations. The Magnolia Project was developed by a consortium of local health care providers and concerned community agencies to address racial disparities in birth outcomes. The Magnolia Project provides well-woman clinic and case management services to women in the childbearing years residing in the urban core, where infant mortality is highest. In this paper, we examine the Magnolia Project to assess the impact that this initiative has made on the target community in providing health services and prevention strategies to reduce poor birth outcomes. Included in such services are strategies aimed at reducing factors associated with infant mortality. These strategies have resulted in improved birth outcomes for women associated with the Magnolia Project, including a low incidence of infant mortality and low birth weight babies for participants.
Fostering Critical Consciousness in Young People: Encouraging the Doves to Find Their Voices
Authors: Fegley Christopher S. , Angelique Holly , Cunningham Ken
Published: December 2017

This paper examines how youth participation in different community settings can foster critical consciousness. A group of 22 teens and pre-teens chose to participate in one of two groups. One group learned to play chess at a local community center and a second group participated in a community service project. Drawing upon Freire's (1970) theory of consciousness-raising, we developed a critical thinking and consciousness-raising checklist that includes the exploration of personal behaviors, self-efficacy, group efficacy and stereotypes. Open-ended critical thinking focus groups were administered at the start and at the end of the five week period to assess the level of critical thinking of each group. The discussions were analyzed according to four themes: personal behavior, self efficacy, group efficacy, and challenging stereotypes. In general, participants in both groups showed evidence of increased critical thinking skills and an increased sense of community over the five week period.
Metaphors as Tools in Clinical Sociology: Bereavement Education and Counseling
Authors: Brabant Sarah
Published: December 2017

Although the metaphor has long been used as an educational tool in sociology, its use in sociological practice has been limited. However, the affinity between the metaphor and the sociological perspective affords the sociological practitioner a unique opportunity to meet a client in a created space of shared meaning. This is useful when the client's situation is too painful to share his or her thoughts and feelings with an outsider, or when the clinician and client come from very different backgrounds. Metaphors may be voluntarily presented by the client, elicited from the client, or designed by the clinician. Techniques to enhance efficacy and ethical considerations are discussed.
Funding Drug Elimination Programs in Public Housing: Effective or Wasteful?
Authors: McNeil Lori
Published: December 2017

The following essay explores the decision to terminate a federally funded program, Drug Elimination Program (DEP), in public housing developments. This case study of one public house development incorporates qualitative and quantitative data derived from a program evaluation performed in year 2000. A feminist framework directs this research with findings suggesting that the DEP efforts had substantially decreased drug activity and crime in this research setting.
Biological Response Following Inlay Arthroplasty of the Knee: Cartilage Flow Over the Implant
Authors: Beyzadeoglu Tahsin , Pehlivanoglu Tuna
Published: December 2017

Objective

Inlay arthroplasty (IA) has seen growing interest as a new primary arthroplasty intervention for patients that need to transition from biology to joint replacement. The purpose of this study was to investigate the biological response to this procedure.

Design

Patients presenting with symptomatic mono- or bicompartmental arthrosis and varus malalignment underwent IA and concurrent medial open wedge high tibial osteotomy (HTO). A subset of patients required hardware removal and consented to second-look arthroscopy without biopsy allowing for assessment of IA components and compartment-specific findings related to implant fixation, cartilage flow, propagation of lesions, and opposing tibial surfaces.

Results

In a series of 41 knees (35 patients) treated with combined IA and HTO (mean varus >7°), 26 knees (23 patients, 18 male, 5 female) with a mean age of 52 years (range = 43-67) required HTO plate removal. Concurrent second look arthroscopy was performed at a mean of 14 months (range = 12-19) following the index procedure. On probing, all arthroplasty components showed solid fixation without gap formation. On the medial femoral condyle, 15 mm implants ( n = 14) showed a peripheral cartilage flow of 12% (range = 5% to 25%), 20 mm implants ( n = 12) of 9% (range 5% to 15%), and trochlear implants ( n = 12) of 20% (range 10% to 40%). No progressive deterioration of the index defects or progression of tibial and retropatellar grades were seen.

Conclusion

Joint surface reconstruction using IA showed stable fixation with peripheral cartilage coverage ranging from 9% to 20% and no further chondral damage on opposing surfaces. Future clinical effectiveness studies are required to support the positive biological integration.
The changing concept of work
Authors: Schoukens Paul , Barrio Alberto
Published: December 2017

In most countries, a standard (or core) model of employment relationship (i.e. full-time work under an open-ended employment contract) typically receives the greatest labour and social security protection, with divergent work arrangements receiving less protection in correlation to the magnitude of the differences between the former and the latter. However, recent developments concerning non-standard forms of work may question this dynamic.

In this article, we examine the nature and current evolution of the standard employment relationship, then analyse how other forms of work deviate from this standard. In order to do so, we draw on the conclusions of the numerous studies recently published by scholars and international organisations in the wake of the growing public debate on the ‘new world of work’. Afterwards, we analyse the situation of non-standard workers under certain social security systems, in order to determine how those systems have approached the divergent character of these forms of work. This leads us to identify the main challenges that social security systems experience when faced with non-standard forms of work. The article concludes by addressing the need to adapt the basic principles of social security to the atypical features of non-standard work.
Cancer-related fatigue presenting with excessive daytime sleepiness
Authors: Balachandran Diwakar D , Faiz Saadia A , Bashoura Lara , Manzullo Ellen
Published: December 2017

Cancer-related fatigue is a common symptom in cancer patients which commonly occurs in relation to sleep disturbance. We report a case of a 35-year-old breast cancer survivor, in whom polysomnography and multiple sleep latency testing were utilized to objectively quantify the contribution of excessive daytime sleepiness to the patient’s cancer-related fatigue.
Management of Retinopathy in Incontinentia Pigmenti: A Systematic Review and Update
Authors: Huang Natalie T. , Summers C. Gail , McCafferty Brandon K. , Areaux Raymond G. , Koozekanani Dara D. , Montezuma Sandra R.
Published: December 2017

Purpose:

The objective of this study is to perform a systematic review and provide an update on the diagnosis and management of retinopathy associated with incontinentia pigmenti (IP).

Design:

This is a systematic review.

Methods:

A literature search was performed for articles related to IP-associated retinopathy on PubMed, Embase, and ScienceDirect with no date limitations. Articles published on ophthalmology journals were screened and original human studies pertaining to the diagnosis and management of IP retinopathy were included for data analysis. The clinical and imaging findings, treatment, follow-up frequency and duration, and final visual outcomes were recorded.

Results:

The literature search retrieved 388 articles across the databases. Forty-two full-text peer-reviewed original human studies, containing 100 eyes of 60 unique patients of IP retinopathy, met our inclusion criteria. The majority of patients (68%) presented with IP retinopathy during the first 2 years of life, and 12 eyes of 8 patients who progressed from mild to severe IP retinopathy were all presented before the age of 4 months. Thirty-one (31%) eyes developed retinal detachment, 24 (24%) eyes had a final visual acuity of light perception or no light perception, and 14 (14%) eyes had a visual acuity of 20/50 or better.

Conclusion:

The results of this systematic review suggest that early detection and early frequent reevaluation of retinopathy in patients with IP in the first 2 years of life are key in obtaining optimal visual outcomes. Therefore, we propose an updated IP retinopathy management algorithm.
Outcomes in coronary artery disease patients with sleepy obstructive sleep apnoea on CPAP
Authors: Peker Yüksel , Thunström Erik , Glantz Helena , Wegscheider Karl , Eulenburg Christine
Published: December 2017

Coronary artery disease (CAD) patients with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) have increased risk for major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs) compared with CAD patients without OSA. We aimed to address if the risk is similar in both groups when OSA patients are treated.

This study was a parallel observational arm of the RICCADSA randomised controlled trial, conducted in Sweden between 2005 and 2013. Patients with revascularised CAD and OSA (apnoea–hypopnoea index (AHI) ≥15 events·h−1) with daytime sleepiness (Epworth Sleepiness Scale score ≥10) were offered continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) (n=155); CAD patients with no OSA (AHI <5 events·h−1) acted as controls (n=112), as a randomisation of sleepy OSA patients to no treatment would not be ethically feasible. The primary end-point was the first event of MACCEs. Median follow-up was 57 months.

The incidence of MACCEs was 23.2% in OSA patientsversus16.1% in those with no OSA (adjusted hazard ratio 0.96, 95% CI 0.40–2.31; p=0.923). Age and previous revascularisation were associated with increased risk for MACCEs, whereas coronary artery bypass grafting at baseline was associated with reduced risk.

We conclude that the risk for MACCEs was not increased in CAD patients with sleepy OSA on CPAP compared with patients without OSA.
Asthma phenotypes: do cough and wheeze predict exacerbations in persistent asthma?
Authors: Morjaria Jaymin B. , Rigby Alan S. , Morice Alyn H.
Published: December 2017

Little is known of the long-term symptom profile in uncontrolled asthma and whether symptoms can predict distinct phenotypes. The primary objective of these analyses was to assess diurnal profile of cough and wheeze in an uncontrolled asthma population. Secondary outcomes were to examine how these symptom profiles influence response to treatment.

Twice-daily electronically recorded data from 1701 patients were examined in relation to the population demographics. Reliever treatment with salbutamol was then compared with extra-fine beclometasone/formoterol maintenance and reliever therapy (MART). Exacerbation frequency was then correlated with the symptom profile.

Symptoms were commoner in older patients with an increased body mass index. In most patients, reported cough and wheeze were closely correlated (r=0.73). Two phenotypes of cough- and wheeze-predominant patients were identified; the former were overweight, older females and the latter older males. Diurnal symptoms of cough and wheeze were similarly attenuated by both therapies. MART reduced exacerbation frequency by a third compared with salbutamol, and this effect was greatest in patients with fewest reported symptoms.

While cough and wheeze are highly correlated in uncontrolled asthma, some patients predominantly have cough whereas others wheeze. Symptoms and exacerbation frequency appear poorly associated, suggesting an alternative pathophysiology. MART may be the preferred option in those with fewest symptoms.
Novel magnetic resonance technique for functional imaging of cystic fibrosis lung disease
Authors: Nyilas Sylvia , Bauman Grzegorz , Sommer Gregor , Stranzinger Enno , Pusterla Orso , Frey Urs , Korten Insa , Singer Florian , Casaulta Carmen , Bieri Oliver , Latzin Philipp
Published: December 2017

Lung function tests are commonly used to monitor lung disease in cystic fibrosis (CF). While practical, they cannot locate the exact origin of functional impairment. Contemporary magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques provide information on the location of disease but the need for contrast agents constrains their repeated application. We examined the correlation between functional MRI, performed without administration of contrast agent, and lung clearance index (LCI) from nitrogen multiple-breath washout (N2-MBW).

40 children with CF (median (range) age 12.0 (6–18) years) and 12 healthy age-matched controls underwent functional and structural MRI and lung function tests on the same day. Functional MRI provided semiquantitative measures of perfusion (RQ) and ventilation (RFV) impairment as percentages of affected lung volume. Morphological MRI was evaluated using CF-specific scores. LCI measured global ventilation inhomogeneity.

MRI detected functional impairment in CF:RFV19–38% andRQ16–35%.RFVandRQcorrelated strongly with LCI (r=0.76, p<0.0001 and r=0.85, p<0.0001, respectively), as did total morphology score (r=0.81, p<0.0001). All indices differed significantly between patients with CF and healthy controls (p<0.001).

Noninvasive functional MRI is a promising method to detect and visualise perfusion and ventilation impairment in CF without the need for contrast agents.
Promoting a Restrictive Intraoperative Transfusion Strategy: The Influence of a Transfusion Guideline and a Novel Software Tool
Authors: Picton Paul , Starr Jordan , Kheterpal Sachin , Thompson Aleda M. L. , Housey Michelle , Sathishkumar Subramanian , Dubovoy Timur , Kirkpatrick Nathan , Tremper Kevin K. , Engoren Milo , Ramachandran Satya Krishna
Published: December 2017

BACKGROUND:

The effect of neither transfusion guidelines nor decision support tools on intraoperative transfusion has been previously evaluated. The University of Michigan introduced a transfusion guideline in 2009, and in 2011, the Department of Anesthesiology developed a transfusion decision support tool. The primary aim of this study was to assess the associations of the transfusion guideline and the optional use of the software transfusion tool with intraoperative behaviors; pretransfusion hematocrit assessment (whether or not a hematocrit was checked before each red cell unit) and restrictive red cell use (withholding transfusion unless the hematocrit was ≤21%).

METHODS:

This was a before–after retrospective study without a concurrent control group of patients transfused 1–3 units of red cells intraoperatively. Three phases were studied to provide data both before and after the implementation of the transfusion guideline and the intraoperative software tool. Within each phase, trends of checking hematocrits before transfusion and restrictive transfusion were charted against time. F tests were used to measure differences of slopes. The difference between means of each phase was measured using Mann-Whitney U tests. Independent associations were measured using mixed-effects multivariable logistic regression. A secondary outcome analysis was conducted for 30-day mortality, myocardial infarction, renal injury, and their combination.

RESULTS:

The transfusion guideline was associated with increased pretransfusion hematocrit evaluation (67.4%, standard deviation [SD] 3.9 vs 76.5%, SD 2.7; P < .001) and restrictive transfusion practice (14.0%, SD 7.4 vs 33.3%, SD 4.4; P = .001). After adjustment for confounders, the guideline phase was independently associated with increased hematocrit checking (odds ratio, 1.72; 95% confidence interval, 1.46–2.03; P < .001) and restrictive red cell transfusion (odds ratio, 2.95; 95% confidence interval, 2.46–3.54; P < .001). The software tool was not associated with either transfusion behavior. There was no significant change in the rate of renal injury (16.06%), myocardial injury (4.93%), 30-day mortality (5.47%), or a composite (21.90%).

CONCLUSIONS:

The introduction of a transfusion guideline was independently associated with increased intraoperative pretransfusion hematocrit assessment and restrictive transfusion. The use of a software tool did not further influence either behavior.
Impact of Inhalational Anesthetics on Liver Regeneration After Living Donor Hepatectomy: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis
Authors: Jung Kyeo-Woon , Kim Wan-Joon , Jeong Hye-Won , Kwon Hye-Mee , Moon Young-Jin , Jun In-Gu , Song Jun-Gol , Hwang Gyu-Sam
Published: December 2017

BACKGROUND:

Although desflurane and sevoflurane, the most commonly used inhalational anesthetics, have been linked to postoperative liver injury, their impact on liver regeneration remains unclear. We compared the influence of these anesthetics on the postoperative liver regeneration index (LRI) after living donor hepatectomy (LDH).

METHODS:

We conducted a retrospective chart review of 1629 living donors who underwent right hepatectomy for LDH between January 2008 and August 2016. The patients were divided into sevoflurane (n = 1206) and desflurane (n = 423) groups. Factors associated with LRI were investigated using multivariable logistic regression analysis. Propensity score matching analysis compared early (1 postoperative week) and late (within 1–2 months) LRIs and delayed recovery of hepatic function between the 2 groups.

RESULTS:

The mean early and late LRIs in the 1629 patients were 63.3% ± 41.5% and 93.7% ± 48.1%, respectively. After propensity score matching (n = 403 pairs), there were no significant differences in early and late LRIs between the sevoflurane and desflurane groups (early LRI: 61.2% ± 41.5% vs 58.9% ± 42.4%, P = .438; late LRI: 88.3% ± 44.3% vs 94.6% ± 52.4%, P = .168). Male sex (regression coefficient [β], 4.6; confidence interval, 1.6–7.6; P = .003) and remnant liver volume (β, –4.92; confidence interval, –5.2 to –4.7; P < .001) were associated with LRI. The incidence of delayed recovery of hepatic function was 3.6% (n = 29) with no significant difference between the 2 groups (3.0% vs 4.2%, P = .375) after LDH.

CONCLUSIONS:

Both sevoflurane and desflurane can be safely used without affecting liver regeneration and delaying liver function recovery after LDH.
Mutations in the U11/U12-65K protein associated with isolated growth hormone deficiency lead to structural destabilization and impaired binding of U12 snRNA
Authors: Norppa Antto J. , Kauppala Tuuli M. , Heikkinen Harri A. , Verma Bhupendra , Iwaï Hideo , Frilander Mikko J.
Published: December 2017

Mutations in the components of the minor spliceosome underlie several human diseases. A subset of patients with isolated growth hormone deficiency (IGHD) harbors mutations in the RNPC3 gene, which encodes the minor spliceosome-specific U11/U12-65K protein. Although a previous study showed that IGHD patient cells have defects in U12-type intron recognition, the biochemical effects of these mutations on the 65K protein have not been characterized. Here, we show that a proline-to-threonine missense mutation (P474T) and a nonsense mutation (R502X) in the C-terminal RNA recognition motif (C-RRM) of the 65K protein impair the binding of 65K to U12 and U6atac snRNAs. We further show that the nonsense allele is targeted to the nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) pathway, but in an isoform-specific manner, with the nuclear-retained 65K long-3′UTR isoform escaping the NMD pathway. In contrast, the missense P474T mutation leads, in addition to the RNA-binding defect, to a partial defect in the folding of the C-RRM and reduced stability of the full-length protein, thus reducing the formation of U11/U12 di-snRNP complexes. We propose that both the C-RRM folding defect and NMD-mediated decrease in the levels of the U11/U12-65K protein reduce formation of the U12-type intron recognition complex and missplicing of a subset of minor introns leading to pituitary hypoplasia and a subsequent defect in growth hormone secretion.
Drosophila Bag-of-marbles directly interacts with the CAF40 subunit of the CCR4–NOT complex to elicit repression of mRNA targets
Authors: Sgromo Annamaria , Raisch Tobias , Backhaus Charlotte , Keskeny Csilla , Alva Vikram , Weichenrieder Oliver , Izaurralde Elisa
Published: December 2017

Drosophila melanogaster Bag-of-marbles (Bam) promotes germline stem cell (GSC) differentiation by repressing the expression of mRNAs encoding stem cell maintenance factors. Bam interacts with Benign gonial cell neoplasm (Bgcn) and the CCR4 deadenylase, a catalytic subunit of the CCR4–NOT complex. Bam has been proposed to bind CCR4 and displace it from the CCR4–NOT complex. Here, we investigated the interaction of Bam with the CCR4–NOT complex by using purified recombinant proteins. Unexpectedly, we found that Bam does not interact with CCR4 directly but instead binds to the CAF40 subunit of the complex in a manner mediated by a conserved N-terminal CAF40-binding motif (CBM). The crystal structure of the Bam CBM bound to CAF40 reveals that the CBM peptide adopts an α-helical conformation after binding to the concave surface of the crescent-shaped CAF40 protein. We further show that Bam-mediated mRNA decay and translational repression depend entirely on Bam's interaction with CAF40. Thus, Bam regulates the expression of its mRNA targets by recruiting the CCR4–NOT complex through interaction with CAF40.
Recent advances in pharmacological management of urinary incontinence
Authors: McDonnell Bronagh , Birder Lori Ann
Published: December 2017

Lower urinary tract symptoms—in particular, storage disorders (for example, urinary incontinence) as well as bladder underactivity—are major health-related problems that increase with age. Yet lower urinary tract symptoms remain under-diagnosed and poorly managed, and incontinence has been cited as the major reason for institutionalization in elderly populations and is one of the most common conditions in primary care practice. Although lifestyle and behavior therapy has been used as a useful treatment regimen for urge incontinence, medications (often used as adjunct) can provide additional benefit. This review will include current therapies used for treatment of urinary incontinence.
La disculpa corporativa a través de Twitter en Iberia y Banco Santander
Authors: Fernández-Vallejo Ana M.
Published: December 2017

En los últimos años las compañías han creado nuevos canales de atención al cliente sirviéndose de las distintas redes sociales, entre ellas Twitter. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar cómo las compañías expresan sus disculpas a través de Twitter. Se propone un análisis lingüístico-discursivo de la disculpa corporativa, apoyados en la lingüística de corpus (Page, 2014) y la pragmática de la disculpa (Harris et alii, 2006). El análisis se aplicará a un corpus conformado por los 1567 tuits publicados durante la primera quincena de julio de 2017 por Iberia y Banco Santander; dos compañías que cotizan en el Ibex 35 y destacan por la atención al cliente ofrecida a través de este canal. Las dos compañías coinciden en una estructura común de tuits, así como en el reconocimiento directo o indirecto de la ofensa cometida; sin embargo, el Banco Santander frente a la compañía Iberia presenta un estilo más burocrático y alejado, omitiendo explicaciones.
La conceptualización de los eventos de cambio de estado y la alternancia lábil en español
Authors: Vivanco Gefaell Margot
Published: December 2017

Las teorías sobre la conceptualización de los eventos de cambio de estado (cf. Haspelmath 1993) han tenido una enorme presencia en los estudios sobre la alternancia causativo-inacusativa a partir del trabajo de Levin y Rappaport Hovav (1995), tanto en relación con el problema de la marcación de la alternancia como con el problema de qué verbos participan de ella. Este artículo reflexiona sobre su utilidad teórica y defiende la necesidad de redefinirlas mediante la aplicación del Principio de la Correspondencia Forma-Frecuencia (Haspelmath et al. 2014; Heidinger 2015), gracias al cual se evitan planteamientos circulares. Nuestro objeto de estudio serán los escasos verbos que participan de la alternancia lábil en español, cuya resistencia a la expansión de se como marca regular de la alternancia es una cuestión idiosincrásica que obedece a la interacción de factores cognitivos, como la conceptualización de los eventos, y de factores gramaticales, como el aspecto y la estructura escalar.
Radio encubierta. Propuestas musicales desde las ondas universitarias
Authors: López-Vidales Nereida , Gómez-Rubio Leire
Published: December 2017

Los jóvenes de hoy sintonizan la radio preferentemente para escuchar música. Esta afirmación nos llevaría a pensar que, aunque las audiencias de la radio generalista no aumentarían, sí lo harían las cadenas musicales. En 2016, sin embargo, los índices de penetración de esta radio temática en España marcan una tendencia a la baja entre los jóvenes de 13 a 25 años; ¿Cuál es el problema que subyace en esta situación al margen de los nuevos condicionamientos tecnológicos? ¿Es solo una cuestión de hábitos de consumo mediático diferentes o tiene relación también con el contenido en sí? Nos acercamos a las parrillas de las emisoras universitarias españolas en las que estos jóvenes llevan a cabo sus primeros proyectos radiofónicos para ver si responden a las preferencias manifestadas en las encuestas y en qué cambian respecto a los programas ya existentes en las cadenas actuales. El estudio concluye, entre otras, con la idea de que los jóvenes plantean escasos programas musicales y huyen de  la radio-fórmula.
Análisis comparativo de la radio universitaria en España y México mediante el estudio de caso múltiple
Authors: Vázquez-Guerrero Marina
Published: December 2017

Este artículo tiene como finalidad hablar en detalle sobre el método que fue diseñado y aplicado para abordar el fenómeno de la radio universitaria y los jóvenes que participan en ella, desde la perspectiva de la comunicación en su vertiente educativa, a través de un análisis comparativo de seis emisoras de México y España. El estudio de caso múltiple o colectivo que incluyó diferentes técnicas en tres fases, realizadas en cuatro años de investigación, de un tema poco estudiado en la región iberoamericana, permitió conocer desde las características de la radio en ambos países: la historia y perfil de las elegidas, las dinámicas de la participación y formación de jóvenes en el medio hasta la determinación del grado de adquisición de competencias que se consiguen después de haber pasado un periodo de colaboración en ella. Encontramos resultados como la confirmación de que la radio universitaria es un medio idóneo para la formación integral de los estudiantes, pues en todos los casos se registró un nivel de aprendizaje, aún en aquellas radios que no tienen como objetivo ser una radio- escuela o contemplarlo en sus políticas institucionales.
Identifying the unique characteristics of independent fashion retailers in Scotland by utilising Porter’s generic competitive strategy model and the marketing mix
Authors: O’Hare Nicola , Stewart Aileen , McColl Julie
Published: December 2017

Independent retailers in the fashion sector make a substantial contribution to the UK economy at the time of significant change on the high street due to financial pressures and the growth of online trade. They provide an element of creativity and innovation to a homogenous retail landscape. The independent fashion retailer creates a destination and individual identity by presenting a unique offering and differentiated experience. Whilst independent retailers are important to the future of our high street, research is limited, particularly in the area of fashion independents. Therefore this research examines and identifies the unique characteristics of independent fashion retailers within Scotland. The research adopts a case study approach, qualitative methods of data collection in order to fulfil the aim and objectives of the study. Porter’s Generic Competitive Strategies and the marketing mix were utilised as a means of drawing out the individual aspects and unique characteristics of the independent fashion retailer.
Sangre de Hispania fecunda: españoles exiliados en México y Buenos Aires después de 1936
Authors: Croce Marcela
Published: December 2017

El artículo indaga el exilio español en América Latina, especialmente en los años posteriores a la Guerra Civil Española, demostrando la renovación editorial y universitaria que implicó ese fenómeno. Se centra en Buenos Aires y México como zonas privilegiadas de recepción de expatriados y evalúa el modo en que la llegada de los españoles impactó en la afirmación del hispanismo como motor cultural, impulsando el desarrollo de una filosofía en lengua propia e insistiendo en la necesidad de afirmar el pensamiento latinoamericano mediante formulaciones ensayísticas. Simultáneamente, los «trans-terrados» (término empleado por José Gaos) cumplieron una labor de traducción que actualizó el conocimiento de la filosofía y la filología alemanas. Mientras las editoriales mexicanas difundían esos saberes, Buenos Aires reemplazaba a Madrid como plaza editorial con la fundación de nuevos sellos que articulaban la literatura con las artes plásticas en el diseño de portadas e ilustraciones. Los aspectos gráficos no se limitaron a esa industria sino que se expandieron en producciones pictóricas que unificaron a los artistas emigrados con los locales, desarrollaron nuevas técnicas y fortalecieron, urgidos por la solidaridad, las redes intelectuales que se habían trazado en la década de 1920 durante la formación profesional de los latinoamericanos en Europa.
Basureros. Acciones y devenires eséticos en César Aira y Vik Muniz
Authors: Cortes Rocca Paola
Published: December 2017

En la Argentina del 2001, el cartonero se volvió un personaje emblemático del paisaje de la crisis. Cierta narrativa, La villa (2001) de César Aira –como iniciadora de una serie– recupera otras dimensiones de esta figura: el cooperativismo, el ingenio. En el marco de una reflexión sobre los límites del realismo, la novela de Aira no es el espejo de la crisis, sino el dispositivo de mostración de las zonas y mecanismos de visibilidad e invisibilización de la precarización. Es también una reflexión sobre los modos en que el arte interviene, a través de la «acción» estética en ese campo de reparto de desigualdades. Este ensayo conecta esa reflexión con la que surge de Retratos do lixo (2008), del brasilero Vik Muniz. Esta es una serie de imágenes que exceden lo fotográfico y es, ya en sí misma, un trabajo con la transmedialidad que incluye fotografía, collage, la instalación. En el desplazamiento entre medios y materiales, pero también entre literatura e imagen, arte y activismo, este trabajo explora las retóricas, poéticas e intervenciones que moviliza lo residual en el nuevo milenio.
Las reglas del juego. Escritura y violencia en la literatura argentina. Guebel, Kartun, Lamborghini
Authors: Fernández Nancy
Published: December 2017

En este trabajo procuro analizar algunos textos donde la Forma supone un trato o una experiencia con la lengua y las figuraciones, en torno del cuerpo y la carne como motivos, a partir de los géneros. Consignas y lugares comunes, frases y pantomimas arraigadas en el imaginario nacional y popular. Daniel Guebel, en La Vida por Perón, toma como punto de partida una escena donde el militante de la resistencia, Alfredo (personaje protagónico), toma parte en la versión teatral de Moreira. Mauricio Kartun con El niño argentino, pone a prueba los alcances de las mitologías nacionales y las formaciones históricas de las clases –oligarquía y peonada– desde una obra teatral en verso. En La causa justa, de Osvaldo Lamborghini, la lengua es la matriz de un exotismo que cruza la literalidad imperativa del japonés Tokuro con «la gran llanura del chiste» que ejecutan los empleados argentinos.Mi propósito es indagar aquellas zonas de la textualidad donde la supuesta especificidad de lo literario propone cruces con otras prácticas simbólicas como el teatro y su instancia de visibilidad.
Endovascular Treatment of Distal Aortic Arch Aneurysm Associated with Coarctation of Aorta in a Jehovah's Witness
Authors: Di Tommaso Luigi , Mannacio Vito A. , Di Tommaso Ettorino , Pinna Giovanni B. , Fontana Immacolata , Iannelli Gabriele
Published: December 2017

Late aneurysm formation in the proximal aorta or distal aortic arch is a recognized sequela of untreated stenosis of the aortic isthmus and is associated with substantial risk of aortic rupture. We describe the case of a 44-year-old man with untreated coarctation of the aorta who presented with a prestenotic dissecting thoracic aortic aneurysm. He declined surgery because he was a Jehovah's Witness. Instead, we performed emergency endovascular aortic repair in which 2 stent-grafts were placed in the descending aorta. Our experience suggests that this procedure is a useful and safe alternative to open surgery in patients who have aneurysms associated with coarctation of the aorta.
Multimodal Imaging of Anomalous Left Coronary Artery from the Pulmonary Artery in a 75-Year-Old Woman
Authors: Fuchs Margaret M. , Le Rachel J. , Cullen Michael W. , Maleszewski Joseph J. , Ammash Naser M.
Published: December 2017

Anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery is rare and typically results in mitral regurgitation, ventricular arrhythmias, heart failure, and sudden death. The condition most often manifests itself in early childhood, but some individuals are diagnosed much later. We describe the case of a 75-year-old woman with heart failure in whom stepwise multimodal imaging revealed anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery.
Aplikace participativních metod v oblasti globálních problémů životního prostředí
Authors: Vačkář David , Krkoška Lorencová Eliška
Published: December 2017

Participatory methods gain increasing popularity in the area of sustainable development and environmental change. The reason is not only to get information from experts or key actors in the area, but also the aspect of participation and education. In this article, we focus on analyzing the experience of using the participative deliberative method of World Café in various cultural environments and various topics of global environmental change. Complex problems in the area of global environmental change, represented here by the adaptation to climate change, the assessment of ecosystem services, and climate smart agriculture, require the involvement of diverse actors in the decision-making process. The resulting knowledge, gained through the application of scientific inputs and their confrontation with the experience and values of the individual actors, provide the basis for adaptive decision-making and contribute to solving environmental problems. Participatory methods also enable the social learning of the actors involved, support knowledge co-production through sharing and exchange of experience, which ultimately promotes the more effective implementation of scientific knowledge into practice. On examples from the Czech Republic, Kyrgyzstan and Ghana, we illustrate the possibilities of participatory methods to support policy and decision-making in the area of global environmental change.
The need for fundamental change in Education
Authors: Lardjane Salim , Laveuve Françoise , Nuutinen Mari
Published: December 2017

In the Unescopress document of September 6th, 2016, UNESCO reminds us that Education must change in order to achieve the Goals of the Global Action Program.UNESCO's new report on World Education Monitoring shows the great potential of education to promote progress towards the global goals set out in the new Agenda 2030 for Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) . It also shows that education needs a major transformation to realize this potential and to meet the current challenges fthat humanity and the planet are facing.