bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Use of Telemedicine in Older-Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic: a Weekly Cross-Sectional Analysis in Ontario, Canada
Authors: Chu Cherry , Brual Janette , Fang Jiming , Fleury Cathleen , Stamenova Vess , Bhattacharyya Onil , Tadrous Mina
Published: December 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic led to rapid adoption of telemedicine for health-care service delivery. There are concerns that older adults, the highest users of the health-care system, would be left behind because of this shift. It remains unclear how the pandemic impacted telemedicine and other health-care service use in this group. We conducted a population-based, weekly cross-sectional study using administrative data from Ontario, Canada. Telemedicine use was measured for the overall older-adult population aged 65+ and across sociodemographic groups from January 2018 to March 2021. We also assessed the use of key health-care services between high and low patient users of telemedicine who were diagnosed with dementia. We found that telemedicine visits outnumbered in-person visits in older adults during the pandemic (average of 74 vs. 62 visits per 1000 per week). Of all specialties, psychiatrists delivered the most telemedicine visits, reaching 90% of visits in a week. Higher rates of telemedicine use during COVID-19 were found for patients who resided in urban regions (84 visits per 1000 per week), but no differences were found across income quintiles. Among dementia patients, high telemedicine users had higher health-care utilization than low telemedicine users (i.e., 21,108 vs. 3,276 outpatient visits per week) during the pandemic. Findings suggest that telemedicine was crucial in helping older adults, a group most vulnerable to COVID-19, maintain access to care during the pandemic. Telemedicine presents an important opportunity for older adults; however, future research should focus on barriers to equitable access and quality of care provided through telemedicine.
The Toxicity of Environmental Pollutants
Authors: Massa Ismaël Bamba , Siaka Sorho
Published: December 2022

In view of the growing threat of trace metals to human health, this work set itself the objective of documenting the toxicity of the trace metals most in contact with humans on human health through food. Thus, this study revealed that organic matter, pH and CEC are the main soil parameters that influence the passage of trace metals from soil to plants. The study also revealed that agriculture, industry and road traffic contribute greatly to the input of trace metals into the environment. Regarding the mechanisms of toxicity, the study showed that chromium VI and copper manifested their toxicity by the formation of free radicals after reduction, those of zinc, nickel, manganese and nickel resulting from the disfunctioning of homeostasis. The study showed that lead caused toxic effects by replacing certain cations such as Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe2+, Na+ which have important functions in the cell. Cadmium expresses its toxicity by binding to albumin, thus altering the homeostasis of metals such as calcium. All these mechanisms have revealed both acute and chronic toxic effects.
Failure Analysis of Steam Generator Tubes
Authors: Diego Gonzalo , Merino Susana
Published: December 2022

Steam generator fabricated of alloy 600 tubes has been replaced in the last decades by newer versions built with alloy 690 or alloy 800 tubes. At first, it was thought that both alloys were resistant to SCC mechanisms but after several years of operation, some NPPs developed denting processes and IGSCC, especially in alloy 800. Corrosion products accumulated in the crevice area between tube-sheet and secondary tube surface of SG increase the stresses and produce a chemical more aggressive to the environment. These two points are the main factor to occur “denting” and increase the possibility of ODSCC can be developed. This chapter describes the failure analysis of an alloy 800 SG tube with only nine years of operation. Microstructural characterization of sludge was carried out after the cleaning by mechanical tube sheet water lancing. SEM/EDX, surface analysis by Auger, and XPS spectroscopy were used to identify chemical species over the OD surface and the fracture surface of some open cracks. “Denting” mechanism is related to flow accelerated corrosion and oxidant particles introduced into secondary side of SG. Therefore, it is convenient to prevent the impurities intake into SG and perform a chemical cleaning process to avoid the hard sludge formation.
Characteristics of Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in Toxic Leukoencephalopathy
Authors: Zhou Zhiwei , Xu Ping
Published: December 2022

Toxic leukoencephalopathy (TLE) refers to a series of diseases with central nervous system damage caused by poisoning of various toxic substances, including medications, gases, drugs, and ethanol as the main clinical manifestation. TLE mainly causes the damage to white matter fibers and subcortical gray matter nuclei, including basal ganglia nuclei, thalamus and brainstem nuclei (substantia nigra red nucleus), as well as cerebellar dentate nucleus, which manifests as altered mental status, epilepsy, paresthesia, hemiparesis, tetraparesis, or even death. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) has contributed to understanding the etiology and stage of TLE. Moreover, the change of brain metabolites, which can be evaluated by MRS, provides additional information for confirming diagnosis, monitoring disease progression, and informing treatment response. In order to describe the MRS characteristics of TLE caused by different etiologies, we will review the spectroscopy change of TLE which is associated with psychoactive substances, immunosuppressant, chemotherapy, and environment (PICE). Therefore, we reviewed the MRS characteristics of heroin-induced TLE, methadone-induced TLE, oxycodone-induced TLE, Wernicke encephalopathy, Marchiafava-Bignami disease, methotrexate-related TLE, metronidazole-induced TLE, carbon monoxide-related encephalopathy, and toluene TLE in this chapter.
Experimentation and Optimization of Multilayered Aluminum-Based Functionally Graded Materials
Authors: Naga Sudhakar Srinivas Pattapagalu , Srinivas Rao Pittam , Deepak Kolari , Srinivas Reddy Nallamilli
Published: December 2022

According to current industrial and societal demands, product manufacturing is now highly competitive. The current research is primarily focused on the creation of functionally graded materials that are essential for automotive cylinders and their internal components. Since aluminum plays a significant role in automobile components, layerwise deposition of the matrix and reinforcements is used. Aluminum alloy (Al 356) was investigated in weight proportions of 100, 95, and 90%, while the reinforcement varied from 0 to 7.5%. The particulate reinforcements were chosen to be silicon carbide (SiC) and nickel (Ni). Zinc stearate is used as lubricating agent to enhance the free-flow compaction process and to avoid the wastage in synthesis. The compressed specimens were examined for various mechanical and microstructural characterization. An ultimate compressive strength of 328 MPa and 68 BHN was achieved at 85% Al, 5% SiC, and 7.5% Ni, as per research criterion. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX), and X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) images of the inclusions and matrix are compatible and compact due to the excellent bonding. The process variables were adjusted using Taguchi optimization, which shows that the sintering duration and compaction pressure are crucial for the validation of manufacturing and characterization.
Perspective Chapter: Optimal Analysis for the Correlation between Vibration and Temperature through an Intelligent Sensor/Transducer Based in Amorphous Nanostructures to Measure Vibrating Surfaces Temperature
Authors: Alan Calderón Chavarri Jesús , César Tafur Sotelo Julio , Benjamín Barriga Gamarra Eliseo , Hugo Lozano Jáuregui John , Jim Randal Gallo Torres Dante , Alonso Urbizagástegui Tena Rodrigo , Eduardo Zeña Delgado Jaime , Enrique Gózar Pastor Christian
Published: December 2022

The vibration is an oscillatory movement caused by a propagation of waves through fluids or solids, and this consequence is achieved in many mechanic systems by the energy transmission between the movement source with the machine that needs the transmission movement, such as the vibration produced by a combustion engine, by a compressor system and by a result of movement transmission over rotor systems. However, if it is not a controlled mechanism to moderate the produced decibels, the main system that is affected by the vibration can reduce its performance; moreover, it can increase the surface temperature of the vibrating source and systems around. In spite of this, when it uses contact sensors to measure the vibration and temperature over the surface vibrating system, the measured data are under disturbance caused by the vibration source. Therefore, in this research is proposed an intelligent sensor/transducer based in amorphous nanostructures owing to measure the vibration of the surface through infrared (IR) emitter/receiver and the absorbance of the receiver sample has a quite range of work and robustness under disturbance of vibrating signals. This proposed sensor also has the possibility to charge energy by itself because of sun/warmth energy conversion.
Guideline Based Algorithmic Approach for the Management of Renal and Ureteric Calculi
Authors: Singh Anshuman , Shah Milap , Zeeshan Hameed B.M.
Published: December 2022

Urolithiasis is a global pathology with increasing prevalence rate. The surgical management of kidney and ureteral stones is based on the stone location, size, the patient’s preference and the institutional availability of various modalities. To date, the available modalities in the management of urolithiasis includes external shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL), percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL), ureterorenoscopy (URS) including flexible and semirigid ureteroscopy. Tremendous technological advancement in the urological armamentarium has happened since its inception leading to multiple acceptable modalities for the treatment of a particular stone. In accordance with the available recommendations from various institutions and the newer evidence we recommend that the initial choice of modality for the treatment of a renal calculus depends on the stone size and whether the location is lower pole or not. For lower pole stones upto 20 mm PNL and RIRS is efficient irrespective of location while ESWL should only be considered for lower pole stones upto 10 mm. For stones larger than 20 mm mini PNL is effective for stones upto 40 mm while RIRS holds acceptable efficiency for stones not larger than 30 mm. For stones larger than 40 mm standard PNL only should be considered if single stage treatment is attempted.
Medicinal Plants Used by the Tay Ethnic Group, Thai Nguyen Province, Vietnam
Authors: Thi Thanh Huong Le , Phu Hung Nguyen , Niranjana Murthy Hosakatte , Van Hai Do , Trung Thanh Nguyen
Published: December 2022

An ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants used by the Tay ethnic group in Thai Nguyen province, Vietnam has been carried out in the present study, especially in the region of Định Hoá, Phú Lương, and Võ Nhai districts. The ethnobotanical survey was conducted between 2018 and 2021 and a catalog of the medicinal plant used by the Tay ethnic group is prepared. The results of the current survey revealed that the plants used by Tay ethnic group consist of 321 species belonging to 253 genera and 103 botanical families. Majority of the plants belonging the family Euphorbiaceae (20 species), Asteraceae (19 species), Acanthaceae and Rutaceae (13 species each), Fabaceae (12 species), and Poaceae (11 species). Leaves were the most frequently used plant part (48.0%) in the preparation of medicines. The most frequent preparation method was decoction (47.7%), followed by crushing (29.9%), sauna (18.0), pickle wine (11.8%), and raw (5.6%). The major plant used by Tay ethnic people were Schefflera heptaphylla (L.) Frodin and Plantago major L., (2); Elephantopus scaber L. and Achyranthes aspera L.; Streblus asper Lour. We also carried out screening of some of the medicinal plant extracts for their biological activities especially the inhibition of cancer cell lines.
Perspective Chapter: eCommerce in the Web3 Era
Authors: Krishnan Sudeep
Published: December 2022

eCommerce merchants anticipate adoption of cryptocurrencies in a vast scale in the coming years. While the concepts of Web3 are being adopted, business leaders and decision makers need to understand key the elements of Web3 and technological constructs behind the evolution of Web3. This study focuses on defining these constructs of Web3 and explain technological differences as compared to Web 2.0. Using extensive academic, industry, and online information, the study defines major characteristics of Web3, show cases early adopters, use cases, and opportunities in the area. Web3 is still evolving and there are many challenges which needs to be addressed. eCommerce businesses who are going to sustainably change the business models or disrupt with a new Web3 business is likely to succeed in the coming years. The findings of this study are also validated with an expert interview.
Vasil y la mirada de una cineasta arquitecta
Authors: Prat Avelina
Published: December 2022

On the occasion of the premiere of the film “Vasil”, we collect this note from its director, Avelina Prat. An Architect by the ETSAV, she is responsible, among other things, for several documentaries and short films, the most recent of which is “[On set with] Lilly Reich” about the figure of the designer and teacher at the Bauhaus. Screenwriter, script, she has also collaborated with filmmakers such as Fernando Trueba, Cesc Gay, Manuel Martín Cuenca and David Trueba.

Con motivo del estreno el 4 de noviembre de 2022 de la película “Vasil”, recogemos esta nota de su directora, Avelina Prat. Arquitecta por la ETSAV es responsable entre otras realizaciones de varios documentales y cortometrajes el más reciente de ellos “[On set with] Lilly Reich” sobre la figura de la diseñadora y profesora de la Bauhaus. Guionista, script, ha sido también colaboradora de realizadores como Fernando Trueba, Cesc Gay, Manuel Martín Cuenca o David Trueba, y ahora, realizadora de su primer largometraje de ficción.
Vie urbaine - mort urbaine. La ronde et autres faits divers de Jean-Marie Gustave Le Clézio
Authors: Westerlund Fredrik
Published: December 2022

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MENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR MATEMATIKA SISWA MELALUI PENERAPAN CONTEXTUAL TEACHING AND LEARNING (CTL) PADA SISWA KELAS IV SDN 20 BATTANG
Authors: Arief Hariani , Saman
Published: December 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa terhadap pembelajaran matematika melalui penerapan CTL pada kelas IV SDN 20 Battang. Bentuk penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas yang terdiri dari dua siklus. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, angket dan test. Subyek penelitian adalah siswa kela IV SDN 20 Battang. Teknik analisis data menggunakan model interaktif yang terdiri dari tiga komponen analisis yaitu reduksi data, sajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan, 1) meningkatnya motivasi belajar matematika siswa sebelum dilakukan tindakan dikategorikan rendah dan setelah penerapan pendekatan CTL mencapai kategori sangat tinggi, 2) setelah pendekatan CTL diterapkan maka motivasi belajar matematika siswa pada kelas IV SDN 20 Battang meningkat.
Evaluation of newer fungicides against neck blast disease of rice under field condition in south-eastern Rajasthan
Authors:   Agriculture University, Kota, Rajasthan, India, DL Yadav , - Manoj Kumar ,   Agriculture University, Kota, Rajasthan, India, KM Sharma ,   Agriculture University, Kota, Rajasthan, India, - Pratap Singh ,   Agriculture University, Kota, Rajasthan, India
Published: December 2022

Neck blast is considered as the most destructive phase of the blast disease in rice under south-eastern Rajasthan. Eight new generation fungicides viz., Tebuconazole, Difenconazole Propiconazole , Hexaconazole Azoxystrobin , Azoxystrobin +Tebuconazole ,Azoxystrobin Mancozeb Trifloxystrobin +Tebuconazole were evaluated under field conditions during Kharif 2021. Result revealed that the combination of Trifloxystrobin (25%) + Tebuconazole (50 WG @ 0.4g/lit) gave minimum disease intensity (3.2%) and maximum disease control (80.8%) with higher yield (4482.3 kg/ha) which was at par with Propiconazole with a grain yield of 4400.0 kg/ha.
Hypersensitive response and induced resistance in rice gene differentials against biotype 1 of Asian rice gall midge, Orseolia oryzae at Mandya, Karnataka
Authors:   Department of Agricultural Entomology, College of Agriculture, V. C. Farm, Mandya, University of  Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bangalore, Karnataka, India, L VijayKumar , SU Patil ,   Department of Agricultural Entomology, Zonal Agricultural and Horticultural Research Station, Brahmavara, University of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Shivamogga, Karnataka, India, B Shivanna ,   Department of Agricultural Entomology, College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bangalore, Karnataka, India, MS Kitturmath ,   Department of Agricultural Entomology, College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
Published: December 2022

Hypersensitive reaction (HR) and induced resistance were noticed in resistant rice genotypes infested by gall midge. Detailed observations on Phalguna (Gm2 gene), Abhaya (Gm4 gene), ARC 5984 (Gm5 gene) infested with gall midge biotype 1 revealed that the infestation triggered HR in the plant, leading to extensive tissue necrosis at the apical meristem and browning of central leaf. This was followed by maggot mortality and premature tillering. In susceptible genotypes this phenomenon was not evident. HR leading to necrosis is fatal to host plant but premature tillering was observed. Further, the secondary tillers were infested subsequently with the gall midge biotype 1 eggs at 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after primary infestation, and maggots failed to establish and cause silver shoot. However, HR was observed 6 days after secondary tiller infestation, when the primary tillers were infested 28 days after. But cent per cent maggot mortality was observed, regardless of the time interval between infesting primary and secondary tillers in all the HR + plants. Thus, the HR is not confined to the tillers of primary infestation but it also triggers systemic acquired resistance in other tillers in Phalguna, Abhaya and ARC 5984, whereas, in W1263 (Gm1 gene), HR+ was not evident but antibiotic effects were observed along with maggot mortality.
Phenotypic evaluation of seedling vigour-related traits in a set of rice lines
Authors:   ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, R Padmashree , D Magar Nakul ,   ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, M Barbadikar Kalyani ,   ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, Phule Amol ,   ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, P Senguttuvel ,   ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, Maganti Sheshu Madhav ,   ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, M Siddaiah Anantha ,   ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, Balakrishnan Divya ,   ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, Chanappa Gireesh ,   ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, V Manasa ,   ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, R Lokesha ,   Keladi Shivappa Nayaka University of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Shivamogga, Karnataka, - Honnappa ,   University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur, Karnataka
Published: December 2022

Under the changing climatic conditions, depleting nutrients and water scarcity, the dry-direct seeded rice (DDSR) with an aerobic system of cultivation is gaining ground in India. The uniform establishment ofseedlings is critically dependent on the seedling vigour and high seedling vigour provides better uptake of nutrients with uniform plant growth. With an aim to identify rice lines exhibiting high seedling vigour traits, we phenotyped the seedling vigour index-related traits viz., germination percentage (GP), mesocotyl length (ML), coleoptile length (CL), root and shoot fresh and dry weights in a set of rice lines consistingof introgression lines, landraces, mutant lines and popular varieties using the paper towel method. ANOVA revealed high significant variation for all the traits including seedling vigour index-I (SVI-I) and seedling vigour index-II (SVI-II). Significant positive intercorrelation was recorded between two sub-traits for establishment of seedling viz. coleoptile length and mesocotyl length. The rice lines viz., ATR-486, ATR-473, ATR-385, ATR-279, ATR-472, ATR-397, ATR-275, KK-12 and ATR-387 exhibited comparatively higher CL, ML, SVI-I and SVI-II than all the checks used in the present study. The identified lines exhibiting better seedling vigour traits are promising genetic resources that can be deployed in breeding programs for improving adaptability under DDSR conditions.
A preliminary investigation of cultivated and wild species of rice for tocopherol contents
Authors:   Department of Plant Breeding & Genetics, PAU, Ludhiana, - Rajvir Kaur , - Rupinder Kaur ,   Department of Plant Breeding & Genetics, PAU, Ludhiana, - Neerja Sharma ,   Department of Plant Breeding & Genetics, PAU, Ludhiana, - Gurjeet Singh ,   Department of Plant Breeding & Genetics, PAU, Ludhiana, - Renu Khanna ,   Department of Plant Breeding & Genetics, PAU, Ludhiana, - Neelam Kumari ,   School of Agricultural Biotechnology, PAU, Ludhiana
Published: December 2022

Rice (Oryza sativa L.), which provides calories to more than half of the world’s population, has been considered as a source of vitamins, minerals, and proteins. The portion of nutrition quality of rice is determined by the content of tocopherols which exhibit an antioxidant effect. In this study, a total of 63 genotypes, including 35 wild accessions belonging to AA genome (O. glaberrima, O. barthii, O. rufipogon and O. meridionalis) and CC genome (O. officinalis), 9 Basmati and 19 non-basmati genotypes were analyzed for the total tocopherol content in brown rice. Wild rice accessions had considerably high total tocopherol content and it ranged from 9.7 mg/kg (O. rufipogon, IR105491) to 45.3 mg/kg (O. rufipogon CR100368). For the non-Basmati genotypes, it varied from 13.6 mg/kg (BPT5204) to 22.4 mg/kg (PR 128). Similarly, for Basmati cultivars, it ranged from 18.2 mg/kg (Basmati 370) to 25 mg/kg (Pusa Basmati 1509). The wild species that had high total tocopherol content could be used as donors to generate interspecific crosses which will ultimately lead to the development of nutritionally rich rice cultivars.
Coastal Area Development Through Mangrove Planting and Tree Foster Parents (OTAP) as Climate Change Restoration and Mitigation Efforts Sedari Village, Cibuaya District, Karawang Regency
Authors: Putra M.Andhika , Ismail Taufik , Insani M Cita
Published: December 2022

Introduction: The global community is faced with some problems such as the climate crisis. The coastal area is one of the areas that are at risk of abrasion and the impact of the climate crisis. Sedari Village is one of the areas in the coastal area that has the risk of abrasion and climate change. This study aims to analyze coastal area development through mangrove planting and tree foster parents (otap) as climate change restoration and mitigation efforts. Methods: The community empowerment program in Sedari Village consists of several stages, namely institutional. formation, institutional training, and biophysical development through mangrove planting. Result: PT Pertamina Patraniaga Fuel Terminal Cikampek conducts a coastal area development program through mangrove planting and tree foster parents. Community empowerment activities aim to map the activities needed for environmental restoration. The Biodiversity and Community Empowerment Program are carried out through many pre-activity stages, from implementation to monitoring and evaluation. Conclusion: Based on community empowerment activities, it is concluded that coastal area development activities through mangrove planting and OTAP initiation have a high urgency value.
Medical Tourism: An Introspection of Future Behavior and Satisfaction level of Medical Tourists at Aurangabad
Authors: Ragde Nagarjun
Published: December 2022

Medical Tourism is gaining momentum and the stakeholders globally are planning strategically for its growth. The study sample taken for this study is Aurangabad which is tourism capital of Maharashtra. The research aims to study the satisfaction level of Medical Tourists and their future behavioural intentions. Primary data of 48 medical tourists was taken with the help of questionnaire having 7-point Likert scale and in-depth interviews. Descriptive statistics, Chi –square & factor analysis was conducted where the tourists showed positive response for satisfaction, future behaviour and 06 factors were identified related to satisfaction level in a group. Capabilities of doctors, Effectiveness of treatments, Quality of the services, Adequate information of medical services, Cost of Treatment and Waiting Period were identified in first group while, Staff communicative, Language of the area were identified in the second. It is found that medical tourism in Aurangabad is unorganized hence the incentives schemes cannot be availed by the medical tourism stakeholders. Researcher suggests a sustainable tourism approach with a regulatory body for organization and management of medical tourism in Aurangabad.
Ill-Being as Hating the Bad?
Authors: Bruno-Niño Teresa ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: December 2022

Theories of well-being that I call “loving-the-good” claim that one intrinsically benefits if and only if one loves what is objectively good. For these views, well-being comes to be when the correct connection between world and mind obtains. Intuitively, ill-being is the opposite of well-being. I explore the resources of loving-the-good views to explain ill-being, especially whether they can do so and also meet the theoretical virtues of continuity and unity. Continuity is met when ill-being theory mirrors the well-being theory. Unity is met when all instances of a phenomenon are given the same kind of explanation. I argue that, strikingly, the key insight of loving-the-good theories of well-being does not seem plausible for ill-being. A consequence is that loving-the-good theories face significant problems to meet continuity. I examine alternatives for these views to meet unity. I argue that plausible explanations of ill-being do not meet unity either.
Student Problems In The Implementation Of The 2013 Curriculum With A Scientific Approach To Mathematics At MTs N 4 Cirebon
Authors: Ismaniar Hikmatusholikhah  , Jamali  , Muchyidin Arif
Published: December 2022

This study aimed to explore student problems in implementing the 2013 curriculum with a scientific approach. This study uses a qualitative approach. Based on the results of the discussion, it can be concluded that the factors behind the VIII C grade students of MTs N 4 Cirebon related to the problem of not being able to respond to learning objectives with a scientific approach are: including internal factors, including; (1) lack of readiness to learn for each student, (2) at the stage of asking students are still shy and confused to ask questions related to material that has not been understood, and (3) at the stage of seeking information students feel confused to complete the questions/tasks given. Problems with external factors faced by students, including; (1) the way the teacher teaches that is felt to be in a hurry when delivering the material, (2) the lack of use of learning media by the teacher, and (3) the limitations of school facilities and infrastructure that are less supportive.
Influence of Quality Early Childhood Education Centres on Social Interaction of Pre-Primary School Pupils in Kwara State
Authors: Olanrewaju Kamilu Muraina , Ayoku Oba Baba  , Habibat Bolanle Abdulkareem
Published: December 2022

Poor-quality Early Childhood Education Centre (ECEC) can be detrimental to the development of children, as they may lead to poor social, emotional, educational, health, physical, and behavioral outcomes and the general well-being of children. However, this research examined the influence of quality ECEC centres on the social interaction of pre-primary school pupils in Kwara State. This study examines evidence on the influence of the quality of the ECE Centre on the Social interaction of pre-primary school pupils in Kwara State. The quantitative approach was adopted for the study while data was collected through a Questionnaire on the Quality of the ECE Centre and Observation rating scales on social interaction. Data collected were analyzed through descriptive statistics of frequency count and percentage scores. The results revealed that quality ECE Centre positively influenced social interaction between pre-primary school pupils and the overall development of children. At the same time, the study recommends that schools provide excess hands-on materials and allocate more play time and well enough space for play activities to foster children’s social interaction through quality ECE Centre, especially in Kwara State.
Application of Collaborative Teamwork Learning Model and Guided Note Taking Model and Their Influence on Students' Ability to Understand Mathematical Concepts
Authors: Khannatus Sa’diyah  , Arif Muchyidin  , Nurma Izzati
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine the ability to understand students' mathematical concepts and the responses of students who applied the collaborative teamwork learning model and guided note-taking model, as well as to find out the differences in understanding the mathematical concepts of students who applied the collaborative teamwork learning model and the guided note taking model. This study uses a quantitative approach with experimental methods and a quasi-experimental research design in the form of a posttest-only design. The population of this study were students of class X MAN 1 Cirebon, Cirebon Regency, then selected samples of class X IIS 3 as experimental class II with guided note-taking model and X IIS 4 as experimental class I with collaborative teamwork learning model. Sampling is done by cluster random sampling technique. Through the prerequisite test, namely the normality and homogeneity test, the research data obtained were normally distributed and had homogeneous variance. After conducting the prerequisite test, the researcher tested the hypothesis using the Independent Sample T-Test with the asymp value. Sig (2-tailed) of 0.000. This value is smaller than 0.05, so Ha is accepted. In other words, there are differences in the understanding of mathematical concepts between classes that apply the collaborative teamwork learning model with guided note-taking models on the subject of the sine and cosine rules in class X IIS MAN Cirebon I Cirebon Regency. The average value of the class that applies the collaborative teamwork learning model is 72.38, with 11 students achieving the KKM (Minimum Completeness Criteria), and the guided note-taking model of 78.52, with 29 students completing the KKM (Minimum Completeness Criteria). Both models received a good response from students, with a response of 82% for the collaborative teamwork learning model and 76% for the guided note-taking model.
Pathways and prevention for indecent images of children offending: A qualitative study
Authors: Bailey Alexandra , Allen Lucy , Stevens Eleanor , Dervley Rebekah , Findlater Donald , Wefers Sarah
Published: December 2022

The access of indecent images of children (IIOC) is an increasing societal problem; no longer resolvable by law enforcement alone. This research aimed to explore the views of individuals who accessed IIOC, regarding their offending pathways and what they believed could have prevented their offending or encouraged desistance. The qualitative analysis highlights a lack of deterrents for online offending, and the importance of education around legality, consequences, accountability and access to confidential help to prevent online offending. Recommendations regarding IIOC prevention strategies are considered in light of the findings.
Evolución del léxico disponible sobre la "Escuela" del alumnado de Educación Primaria según el tipo de centro educativo
Authors: Escudero Sánchez Rocío , Santos Díaz Inmaculada Clotilde , Trigo Ibáñez Ester
Published: December 2022

Una de las aplicaciones de la disponibilidad léxica apunta a la selección del léxico como aspecto clave en la planificación lingüística tanto en lengua materna como lengua extranjera. Este estudio tiene como objetivo conocer el léxico disponible de estudiantes de Educación Primaria en el centro de interés La escuela: muebles y materiales. La muestra está formada por 208 alumnos de cuatro tipos de centros educativos diferentes: ordinario, bilingüe-inglés, bilingüe-francés y compensatoria. Para la recogida de datos se siguió la metodología del PPHDL. Las palabras más disponibles se refieren a material y mobiliario básico (lápiz, estuche, goma, mesa y pizarra). La prueba factorial intersujeto mostró que no se producen interacciones entre el tipo de centro y el ciclo. No obstante, se observan diferencias significativas en las medias según tipo de centro, siendo superiores las del centro ordinario y bilingüe de inglés, y el ciclo puesto que hay una progresión desde el primer al tercer ciclo. Estos resultados son de gran interés como base para futura selección léxica y para proponer mejoras en los programas educativos. Este trabajo abre numerosas líneas prospectivas, como la atención a la ortografía, el estudio del efecto de los programas bilingües o la relación de las prácticas letradas con la activación del léxico disponible.
Field And Well Evidence For Major Unconformities In North Sarawak, Compared To Southwest Sabah, Malaysia
Authors:   SEACARL, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia, Lunt Peter
Published: December 2022

A review of biostratigraphic and lithofacies data is used to show that there is no major unconformity in the stratigraphic record of north Sarawak or southwest Sabah near the end of the Early Miocene (approximately 17-15 Ma). The existence of such an unconformity has been cited in many papers in the past decade and used as a data point in the construction of regional geological hypotheses. Exploration well and outcrop data identifies two major unconformities in SW Sabah (the base and top of Stage III; BMU and DRU; roughly 24 and 13-12 Ma), and in offshore west Sarawak a third unconformity (MMU c. 16 Ma) which fades in effect towards onshore Sarawak. In recent years the names of these distinct unconformities have become conflated as workers had overlooked the origins and definitions of these features. This history is reviewed here in order to clarify future work.
Directional motion of charged particles near filter membrane
Authors: Zhou Hong-Wei , Ouyang Wen-Ze , Xu Sheng-Hua ,   Key Laboratory of Microgravity, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China,   School of Engineering Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Published: December 2022

Membrane has many applications in the fields of filtration and separation, but due to the attraction or repulsion exerted by the membrane, the particles will experience a directional motion. As a result, two totally opposite effects, i.e. particle enrichment and exclusion zone, take place in the vicinity of the membrane, and the underlying reason is still not clear. In this work, colloidal particles with negative surface charge are used as a model substance, with the advantages of monitoring the particle concentration in a real time and in situ way, to investigate the influence of cellulose membrane on the movement of particles. The experimental results show that the particles are enriched in the vicinity of the membrane. The diffusiophoresis effect originating from tiny number of ions released by the film is the main reason of the directional movement of the charged particles. Based on the two mechanisms of diffusiophoresis and diffusion, we construct a model and make relevant numerical calculation, and the numerical results are qualitatively consistent with the experimental results. Moreover, in addition to the longitudinal motion of the particles towards the filter membrane, diffusio-osmotic flow and particles lateral diffusion also result in the migration of particles towards the container wall, and further increasing the particle number near the wall.
Accurate measurement of trace H2S concentration based on cavity ring-down absorption spectroscopy under CO2/CO disturbance
Authors: Xiong Feng , Peng Zhi-Min , Wang Zhen , Ding Yan-Jun , Lü Jun-Fu , Du Yan-Jun ,   School of control and computer engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China,   State Key Lab of Power Systems, Department of Energy and Power Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China,   Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Energy and Power Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
Published: December 2022

Since H2S is a corrosive and toxic gas pollutant, the accurate measurement of its concentration is significant. However, in the practical industrial processes, it is difficult to implement because of the disturbance caused by other emissions such as CO2 and CO. Therefore, in this work, the concentration of H2S, CO2 and CO are measured simultaneously based on cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS) as a viable alternative to measure the concentration of H2S accurately when CO2 and CO exist. First, the wavelength of mixed gas within a range of 6336–6339 cm–1 is selected as the target region where the spectral line intensity of H2S is stronger than 10 times that of CO2 or CO and the water absorption is extremely weak. Second, the influence of the sampling length (Tm) on the accuracy of the ring-down time is analyzed by evaluating average (accuracy), standard deviation (precision) and consumption time (speed). Third, the experiments are carried out at different pressures in order to obtain the optimal pressure condition. Fourth, the concentration of trace H2S is measured when the disturbances caused by CO2 or CO are added, and the error of the measured concentration is analyzed. Finally, the detection limit of CRDS-based system is calculated to be 6.9 ppb by analyzing the SNR of four groups of low concentration H2S spectra, while the lower limit of detection of CRDS-based system is calculated to be 2 ppb by analyzing the Allan variance of long-term data. The measured concentration and its desired value show a good linearity at different dilution ratios. Both the high linearity and the low detection limit of H2S indicate the effectiveness of the CRDS-based measurement system to measure H2S when CO2 and CO exist. The successful application of the CRDS-based system to the measurement of H2S shows its promising prospect in gas concentration measurement for practical industrial processes.
Knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards mosquito control and used vehicle tire dumping by median household income, in metropolitan New Orleans, Louisiana
Authors: Moise Imelda K. , Archer Ashley , Riegel Claudia
Published: December 2022

Background

Discarded vehicle tires are an important artificial habitat for the larvae of many container-breeding mosquito species worldwide, including in the United States. Unmanaged discarded vehicle tires create health, environmental and social costs, and with budget and staffing constraints, effective management of discarded used vehicle tires a mosquito larval habitat depends in part on the knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) of community residents.

Objectives

This study aims to examine the knowledge, attitude and practices of New Orleans, Louisiana residents toward illegally discarded vehicle tires, and larval mosquito control.

Methods

A descriptive cross-sectional design study was used where 422 households were selected using a two-stage cluster random sampling procedure in New Orleans, Louisiana. Heads of households or a person aged 18 years or older self-administered the survey. The questionnaire comprised five parts: screening, tire sightings, preferred communication method, knowledge, attitude and precautionary measures against mosquito control, disease risk and illegal discarding. We then statistically compared above and below median income household responses to identify likely causes of detected differences. The data were analyzed using ordinal regression models via IBM SPSS statistics V.26.0. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.

Results

Out of 290 responding households, 95.5% strongly agree or agree that mosquitoes can spread serious diseases like West Nile, Zika or Dengue. Only 2.3% of the sample had high knowledge of illegally discarded tires dumping and mosquito larval control. Those employed were 1.0 times more likely to possess good knowledge than the unemployed (p < 0.001). Despite low knowledge levels regarding mosquito breeding and polluted water in discarded tires, 29.9% of respondents had positive attitude and 20.5% reported sufficient practices. Among the socio-demographic variables, only home ownership and being employed were predictors of knowledge and attitude towards mosquito breeding in illegally discarded tires (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

Despite the observed increasing number of illegally discarded vehicle tires in New Orleans, the knowledge of people about illegal tire dumping and their associated risk factors as suitable larval habitants was low. Therefore, there is a need for developing community-based and place-based tailored sensitization campaigns to prevent illegal used tire dumping, and larval control.
Genome-wide identification and characterization of NHL gene family in response to alkaline stress, ABA and MEJA treatments in wild soybean (Glycine soja)
Authors: Zhang Xu , Xue Yongguo , Wang Haihang , Nisa Zaib_un , Jin Xiaoxia , Yu Lijie , Liu Xinlei , Yu Yang , Chen Chao
Published: December 2022

Background

NDR1/HIN1-like (NHL) family genes are known to be involved in pathogen induced plant responses to biotic stress. Even though the NHL family genes have been identified and characterized in plant defense responses in some plants, the roles of these genes associated with the plant abiotic stress tolerance in wild soybean is not fully established yet, especially in response to alkaline stress.

Methods

We identified the potential NHL family genes by using the Hidden Markov model and wild soybean genome. The maximum-likelihood phylogenetic tree and conserved motifs were generated by using the MEME online server and MEGA 7.0 software, respectively. Furthermore, the syntenic analysis was generated with Circos-0.69. Then we used the PlantCARE online software to predict and analyze the regulatory cis-acting elements in promoter regions. Hierarchical clustering trees was generated using TM4: MeV4.9 software. Additionally, the expression levels of NHL family genes under alkaline stress, ABA and MEJA treatment were identified by qRT-PCR.

Results

In this study, we identified 59 potential NHL family genes in wild soybean. We identified that wild soybean NHL family genes could be mainly classified into five groups as well as exist with conserved motifs. Syntenic analysis of NHL family genes revealed genes location on 18 chromosomes and presence of 65 pairs of duplication genes. Moreover, NHL family genes consisted of a variety of putative hormone-related and abiotic stress responsive elements, where numbers of methyl jasmonate (MeJA) and abscisic acid (ABA) responsive elements were significantly larger than other elements. We confirmed the regulatory roles of NHL family genes in response to alkaline stress, ABA and MEJA treatment. In conclusion, we identified and provided valuable information on the wild soybean NHL family genes, and established a foundation to further explore the potential roles of NHL family genes in crosstalk with MeJA or ABA signal transduction mechanisms under alkaline stress.
Assessment of Petroleum Hydrocarbons in Borehole Water in Eket, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria
Authors: Nsi E. W. , Ikpe E. E. , Uwanta E.
Published: December 2022

The study entails determination of Total Hydrocarbon Content (THC) and Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH) in borehole water of Eket Local Government Area, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. This was assessed using standard analytical methods. The samples were collected in triplicate from the study area with a control station. The areas were Ikot Ibiok and Atabong in Eket L.G.A while the control station was at Aka in Uyo L.G.A. The samples were extracted with hexane using liquid-liquid extraction method followed by subsequent clean-up using column chromatography. The determination of TPH was with the aid of gas chromatography fitted with flame ionization detector (GC-FID) while The THC was determined using U-V Spectroscopy. The results showed the variations of total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) from 784.395 ± 0.07 to 1120.500 ± 0.05 mg/L. While THC ranges from 938.21 ± 0.08 to 1,583.294± 0.02 mg/L. The average amount of TPH and THC in the water samples collected from all the sampling stations were generally higher than both the DPR limit (50 mg/L) and federal ministry of Environment (FMEnv.) acceptable standard of Petroleum Hydrocarbons in water. This indicates a serious impact of oil industrial activities on the area. Hence, our findings have indicated evidence that the borehole water samples from the study area in Eket L.G.A is under a pollution threat and underscore the need for early remediation if adverse health defects are to be prevented.
Numerical Study of Turbulent Mixed Convection in a Square Lid Driven Cavity with an Inside Hot Bloc
Authors: Woenagnon Komlan Djiwonou , N’wuitcha Kokou , Amou Komi Apélété , Banna Magolmèèna
Published: December 2022

In this study, we are interested in the two-dimensional numerical simulation of the turbulent mixed convection in the case of a square with two side lid-driven cavity containing a hot obstacle. The transfer equations coupled with those of the  K - ε closure model and the boundary conditions were presented and discretized using the finite volume method. The coupling between the velocity and pressure fields is achieved by the SIMPLE algorithm. The technique of line-by-line scanning with the Thomas algorithm (TDMA) is used for the iterative resolution of discretized equations. The control parameters of the present study are the temperature gradient between the hot walls and the cold walls, and the speed imposed on the mobile walls. Streamlines generally show flow characterized by the presence of two counter-rotating cells. The areas adjacent to the isothermal walls and to the moving walls are the site of the development of thermal and dynamic boundary layers, where significant temperature and velocity gradients have been observed, subsequently influencing the profiles of turbulent quantities such as turbulent viscosity, the production and dissipation of turbulent kinetic energy and the intensity of turbulence.
When You Can't Change the Wind, Adjust Your Sails
Authors:   Grand Canyon University, Dyer Thomas
Published: December 2022

The Journal of Scholarly Engagement has gone through quite the transformation over the last few months. We are excited to welcome the new JSE editorial staff: Thomas Dyer, PhD, Editor-in-Chief, Kelly Maguire, EdD, Associate Editor, John Steele, PhD, Associate Editor, and Jenny Kuban, Managing Editor. Thank you, Scott Greenberger, EdD for your vision as Editor-In-Chief since 2018 and your continued contribution as Executive Editor of the JSE. We are grateful for the dedication of this editorial staff that will continue to lead the JSE to new heights.