bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improved dielectric performance of barium strontium titanate multilayered capacitor by means of pulsed laser deposition and slow injection sol–gel methods
Authors: Balachandran Ruthramurthy , Hoong Ong Boon , Yong Wong Hin , Ban Tan Kar , Kwang Yow Ho , Keat Lee Wai
Published: February 2014

A Pt/BST/NiFe/Cu multilayered capacitor was fabricated incorporating a polycrystalline Ba0.5Sr0.5TiO3(BST) film deposited using the pulsed laser deposition technique. Qualitative X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed a perovskite structure for the deposited BST dielectric films which were fired at various temperatures. No intermediate phase was discernable with a post-annealing temperature of 750 °C and highly crystallized thin film was obtained at a post-annealing temperature of 800 °C. The fabricated capacitor with a BST film thickness of 665 nm exhibited respectable electrical performance with a dielectric constant,kof 657, and a dielectric loss, tan δ = 0.0137 at room temperature at an applied frequency of 1 MHz. The recorded charge storage density and leakage current density were 4.6 μC cm−2and 33 nA cm−2, respectively, with ± 5 V bias.
Epidural administration of ketamine or fentanyl with bupivacaine for postoperative analgesia  A comparative study
Authors: Al Maruf Abdullah , Chowdhury Iqbal Hosain , Lateef Kazi Ashkar , Laskar Manzoorul Haq , Kamal Md Mustafa
Published: February 2014

The purpose of the study was to compare the analgesic effectiveness of epidural administration of ketamine mixed bupivacaine with fentanyl mixed bupivacaine in the management of postoperative pain. This prospective study was carried out in CMH, Bogra in one calendar year from July 2004 to June 2005. For postoperative pain management 100 patients of both sex, age ranging between 20 to 50 years, ASA physical status I and II scheduled for lower abdominal, pelvic and inguinal surgery were included in the study. All patients were divided into two groups. Epidural catheter was inserted in each patient through space between L3 to L2. Surgery was done under epidural anaesthesia in both groups. In group A (n=50) surgery was done with 0.5% bupivacaine and fentanyl (bupivacaine 1.5 ml/segment + fentanyl 2?g/ml). In group B (n=50) surgery was done with 0.5% bupivacaine and ketamine (bupivacaine 1.5ml/segment + ketamine 0.3mg/kg body weight). Epidural analgesia was continued in postoperative ward with 6 ml 0.25% bupivacaine + fentanyl 2?g/ml in group A and with 6 ml 0.25% bupivacaine + ketamine 0.3mg/kg bodyweight in group B, 4 hourly for 24 hours. The efficacy of analgesia was assessed by using Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Verbal Rating Scale (VRS). Mean VAS and mean VRS were less than 3 in both groups, which proved adequate postoperative analgesia. Differences of mean VAS and mean VRS between two groups were statistically not significant. Haemodynamic parameters, respiration and oxygenation were within normal range in both groups. Postoperative complications, like inadequate analgesia, post operative nausea and vomiting (PONV), headache and vertigo were less in both groups. It was observed that epidural administration of both bupivacaine mixed with ketamine and bupivacaine mixed with fentanyl found safe, effective and tolerable for postoperative pain management. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbsa.v22i1.18097 Journal of BSA, 2009; 22(1): 21-25
A case of convulsion resembling masseter muscle spasm (MMS) during caesarean delivery under subarachnoid block
Authors: Islam Md Aminul , Boksh Sadik Enam , Islam Md Amirul
Published: February 2014

A 28 yrs old female forty weeks gravida was scheduled for caesarean section for less fetal movement. She did not have any bad obstetric history and any complication during previous operation and anaesthetic procedure. Subarachnoid block was performed at L3-L4 interspace with 2.5ml (12.5mg)5% bupivacaine heavy. Suddenly the patient became cyanosed and she tried to tell something but could not talk. Then she was given 100% O2 by face mask but it was not fruitful. Then endotracheal intubation was attempted but failed to achieve due to increased jaw muscle tension and mouth could not be opened like masseter muscle spasm (MMS). At that stage patient became unresponsive and no pulse was palpable, blood pressure was not recordable. Intravenous adrenaline was given immediately and then 100mg of suxamethonium adminstered intravenously. The jaw relaxed within minutes and tracheal intubation was done. General Anaesthesia was maintained with O2/N2O, 0.4% halothane and atracurium. The reversal was good enough and the patient was haemodynamically stable. The patient transferred to the recovery room. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbsa.v22i1.18100 Journal of BSA, 2009; 22(1): 35-37
Habit, Temporality and the Body as Movement: ‘5:2 your life’
Authors: Coleman Rebecca
Published: February 2014

This article explores the 5:2 dietary plan in terms of the relationship between habit, temporality and matter through a focus on the somatechnics of the body in movement. It makes links between some of the recent work on the body and habit which suggests, broadly speaking, that habit is an important way of understanding the body, the social and the temporal, and recent work on the body and animation and automation. This latter set of literature explores how animation, traditionally the preserve of the human, is now also a capacity of non-human entities or technologies and, as such, raises questions as to whether the dichotomies of human/non-human, bodies/technologies and nature/culture can hold. The article examines how a prevalent framing of the blurring of the distinction between animation and automation is to see various technologies as ‘creeping’ into the realm of the body, threatening to turn humans into automations. However, through a focus on critical arguments about the impossibility of maintaining dichotomies, it argues that the 5:2 plan can be understood to emerge from an awareness of, and as a response to, a temporally and socially specific configuration of nature and culture, bodies and technologies, and animation and automation.
Sonic Movements – Spatial Reflexivity
Authors: Hällsten Johanna
Published: February 2014

This article aims to investigate the creation of space and sound in artistic and architectural fields, with particular emphasis on the notions of interval and duration in the production and experience of soundscapes. The discussion arises out of an ongoing research project concerning sonic structures in public places, in which Japanese uguisubari ([Formula: see text]) – ‘nightingale flooring’, an alarm system from the Edo period) plays a key role in developing new kinds of site-specific and location-responsive sonic architectural structures for urban and rural environments. This paper takes uguisubari as its frame for investigating and evaluating how sounds create a space (however temporary), and how that sound in turn is created through movement. It thus seeks to unpick aspects of the reciprocal and performative act in which participant and the space engage through movement, whilst creating a sonic environment that permeates, defines and composes the boundaries of this space. The article will develop a framework for these kinds of works through a discussion on walking, movement, soundscape and somatechnical aspects of our experience of the world, drawing upon the work of Merleau-Ponty, Bergson and the Japanese concept of Ma (space-time).
Fat Feminism: Reading Shelley Jackson's ‘Fat’ through Elizabeth Wilson's Gut Feminism
Authors: Solander Tove
Published: February 2014

In this article, I treat a literary text as a form of somatechnics making an intervention in fat embodiment. I read contemporary American author Shelley Jackson's short story ‘Fat’ from The Melancholy of Anatomy through what Elizabeth Wilson terms ‘gut feminism’, a feminism accounting for the dynamism of the biological body and acknowledging ‘organic thought’ as an alternative to the mind/body split. Wilson's ‘gut feminism’ is related to theories drawing on Deleuze's concept the ‘Body without Organs’ such as hypertheorist N. Katherine Hayles’ argument for the ‘Text as Assemblage’. I show how the seemingly surreal narrative of ‘Fat’ provides crucial insights about fat, understood as an assemblage of images, affects and matter and as a liminal substance questioning the integrity of the subject. Fat is associated with the feminine in a reclamation of the early modern rhetorical term ‘dilation’, which figures the swelling text as a fat, fertile woman with voracious orifices. I describe how Jackson's ‘aesthetics of fat’ works through dilation, disgust and ‘bad taste’ to draw the reader into an experience of fat embodiment. I characterise fat as a ‘sticky sign’ in Sara Ahmed's sense, one that will not stay confined to the page but sticks to the reader and elicit gut reactions. In conclusion, I argue for a non-derogatory model of reading as incorporation
Acknowledgement to Reviewers of Behavioral Sciences in 2013
Authors: Behavioral Sciences Editorial Office
Published: February 2014

The editors of Behavioral Sciences would like to express their sincere gratitude to the following reviewers for assessing manuscripts in 2013: [...]
Acknowledgement to Reviewers of Catalysts in 2013
Authors: Catalysts Editorial Office
Published: February 2014

The editors of Catalysts would like to express their sincere gratitude to the following reviewers for assessing manuscripts in 2013. [...]
Acknowledgement to Reviewers of Challenges in 2013
Authors: Challenges Editorial Office
Published: February 2014

The editors of Challenges would like to express their sincere gratitude to the following reviewers for assessing manuscripts in 2013. [...]
Appraising Bioenergy Alternatives in Uganda Using Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats (SWOT)-Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and a Desirability Functions Approach
Authors: Okello Collins , Pindozzi Stefania , Faugno Salvatore , Boccia Lorenzo
Published: February 2014

Poor access to clean and reliable energy technologies is a major challenge to most developing countries. The decision to introduce new technologies is often faced by low adoption rates or even public opposition. In addition, the data required for effective decision making is often inadequate or even lacking, thus constraining the planning process. In this study, a methodology for participatory appraisal of technologies, integrating desirability functions to the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT)-analytical hierarchy process (AHP) methodology was developed. Application of the methodology was illustrated with an example for participatory appraisal of four bioenergy technologies in Uganda. Results showed that the methodology is effective in evaluating stakeholder preferences for bioenergy technologies. It showed a high potential to be used to identify and rate factors that stakeholders take into consideration when selecting bioenergy systems. The method could be used as a tool for technology screening, or reaching consensus in a participatory setup in a transparent manner.
The Genomic Signature of Breast Cancer Prevention
Authors: Russo Jose , Santucci-Pereira Julia , Russo Irma
Published: February 2014

The breast of parous postmenopausal women exhibits a specific signature that has been induced by a full term pregnancy. This signature is centered in chromatin remodeling and the epigenetic changes induced by methylation of specific genes which are important regulatory pathways induced by pregnancy. Through the analysis of the genes found to be differentially methylated between women of varying parity, multiple positions at which beta-catenin production and use is inhibited were recognized. The biological importance of the pathways identified in this specific population cannot be sufficiently emphasized because they could represent a safeguard mechanism mediating the protection of the breast conferred by full term pregnancy.
Do Children’s Health Resources Differ According to Preschool Physical Activity Programmes and Parental Behaviour? A Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Sterdt Elena , Pape Natalie , Kramer Silke , Liersch Sebastian , Urban Michael , Werning Rolf , Walter Ulla
Published: February 2014

Preschool can have positive effects on the development of a healthy lifestyle. The present study analysed to what extent different conditions, structures and behavioural models in preschool and family—children’s central social microsystems—can lead to differences in children’s health resources. Using a cross-sectional mixed methods approach, contrast analyses of “preschools with systematic physical activity programmes” versus “preschools without physical activity programmes” were conducted to assess the extent to which children’s physical activity, quality of life and social behaviour differ between preschools with systematic and preschools without physical activity programmes. Differences in children’s physical activity according to parental behaviour were likewise assessed. Data on child-related outcomes and parent-related factors were collected via parent questionnaires and child interviews. A qualitative focused ethnographic study was performed to obtain deeper insight into the quantitative survey data. Two hundred and twenty seven (227) children were interviewed at 21 preschools with systematic physical activity programmes, and 190 at 25 preschools without physical activity programmes. There was no significant difference in children’s physical activity levels between the two preschool types (p = 0.709). However, the qualitative data showed differences in the design and quality of programmes to promote children’s physical activity. Data triangulation revealed a strong influence of parental behaviour. The triangulation of methods provided comprehensive insight into the nature and extent of physical activity programmes in preschools and made it possible to capture the associations between systematic physical activity promotion and children’s health resources in a differential manner.
PseAAC-General: Fast Building Various Modes of General Form of Chou’s Pseudo-Amino Acid Composition for Large-Scale Protein Datasets
Authors: Du Pufeng , Gu Shuwang , Jiao Yasen
Published: February 2014

The general form pseudo-amino acid composition (PseAAC) has been widely used to represent protein sequences in predicting protein structural and functional attributes. We developed the program PseAAC-General to generate various different modes of Chou’s general PseAAC, such as the gene ontology mode, the functional domain mode, and the sequential evolution mode. This program allows the users to define their own desired modes. In every mode, 544 physicochemical properties of the amino acids are available for choosing. The computing efficiency is at least 100 times that of existing programs, which makes it able to facilitate the extensive studies on proteins and peptides. The PseAAC-General is freely available via SourceForge. It runs on both Linux and Windows.
Docetaxel-Loaded Chitosan Microspheres as a Lung Targeted Drug Delivery System: In Vitro and in Vivo Evaluation
Authors: Wang Hao , Xu Yongdong , Zhou Xiao
Published: February 2014

The aim of this study was to prepare docetaxel-loaded chitosan microspheres and to evaluate their in vitro and in vivo characteristics. Glutaraldehyde crosslinked microspheres were prepared using a water-in-oil emulsification method, and characterized in terms of the morphological examination, particle size distribution, encapsulation ratio, drug-loading coefficient and in vitro release. Pharmacokinetics and biodistribution studies were used to evaluate that microspheres have more advantage than the conventional formulations. The emulsion crosslinking method was simple to prepare microspheres and easy to scale up. The formed microspheres were spherical in shape, with a smooth surface and the size was uniform (9.6 ± 0.8 µm); the encapsulation efficiency and drug loading of prepared microspheres were 88.1% ± 3.5% and 18.7% ± 1.2%, respectively. In vitro release indicated that the DTX microspheres had a well-sustained release efficacy and in vivo studies showed that the microspheres were found to release the drug to a maximum extent in the target tissue (lung). The prepared microspheres were found to possess suitable physico-chemical properties and the particle size range. The sustained release of DTX from microspheres revealed its applicability as drug delivery system to minimize the exposure of healthy tissues while increasing the accumulation of therapeutic drug in target sites.
Acknowledgement to Reviewers of Molbank in 2013
Authors: Molbank Editorial Office
Published: February 2014

The editors of Molbank would like to express their sincere gratitude to the following reviewers for assessing manuscripts in 2013. [...]
Acknowledgement to Reviewers of Metabolites in 2013
Authors: Metabolites Editorial Office
Published: February 2014

The editors of Metabolites would like to express their sincere gratitude to the following reviewers for assessing manuscripts in 2013. [...]
Mini and Micro Propulsion for Medical Swimmers
Authors: JianFeng  , Cho Sung
Published: February 2014

Mini and micro robots, which can swim in an underwater environment, have drawn widespread research interests because of their potential applicability to the medical or biological fields, including delivery and transportation of bio-materials and drugs, bio-sensing, and bio-surgery. This paper reviews the recent ideas and developments of these types of self-propelling devices, ranging from the millimeter scale down to the micro and even the nano scale. Specifically, this review article makes an emphasis on various propulsion principles, including methods of utilizing smart actuators, external magnetic/electric/acoustic fields, bacteria, chemical reactions, etc. In addition, we compare the propelling speed range, directional control schemes, and advantages of the above principles.
Chemical Composition, Biological and Cytotoxic Activities of Plant Extracts and Compounds Isolated from Ferula lutea
Authors: Znati Mansour , Jannet Hichem , Cazaux Sylvie , Bouajila Jalloul
Published: February 2014

The present work describes the phytochemical study on Ferula lutea flowers. Total phenolics and flavonoids of the n-butanol and ethyl acetate extracts were quantified (phenolics [40.68–52.29 mg gallic acid equivalent/g of dry weight], flavonoids [12.38–14.72 mg quercitin/g dry weight]). Two diastereoisomers were isolated and identified using spectroscopic techniques (1D, 2D NMR and GC-MS). The extracts and diastereoisomers were tested for antioxidant, antiacetylcholinesterase, antimicrobial, antidiabectic, cytotoxic (leukemia cell line) activities and allelopathic potentialities. The strongest antioxidant activity was obtained for the ethyl acetate extract (IC50 = 12.8 ± 1.29 µg/mL). The two extracts exhibited high antidiabetic activity (54.1 and 52.1% at 40 µg/mL).
Acknowledgement to Reviewers of Pathogens in 2013
Authors: Pathogens Editorial Office
Published: February 2014

The editors of Pathogens would like to express their sincere gratitude to the following reviewers for assessing manuscripts in 2013 [...]
Acknowledgement to Reviewers of Pharmacy in 2013
Authors: Pharmacy Editorial Office
Published: February 2014

The editors of Pharmacy would like to express their sincere gratitude to the following reviewers for assessing manuscripts in 2013. [...]
Spatio-Temporal Patterns and Climate Variables Controlling of Biomass Carbon Stock of Global Grassland Ecosystems from 1982 to 2006
Authors: Xia Jiangzhou , Liu Shuguang , Liang Shunlin , Chen Yang , Xu Wenfang , Yuan Wenping
Published: February 2014

Grassland ecosystems play an important role in subsistence agriculture and the global carbon cycle. However, the global spatio-temporal patterns and environmental controls of grassland biomass are not well quantified and understood. The goal of this study was to estimate the spatial and temporal patterns of the global grassland biomass and analyze their driving forces using field measurements, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) time series from satellite data, climate reanalysis data, and a satellite-based statistical model. Results showed that the NDVI-based biomass carbon model developed from this study explained 60% of the variance across 38 sites globally. The global carbon stock in grassland aboveground live biomass was 1.05 Pg·C, averaged from 1982 to 2006, and increased at a rate of 2.43 Tg·C·y−1 during this period. Temporal change of the global biomass was significantly and positively correlated with temperature and precipitation. The distribution of biomass carbon density followed the precipitation gradient. The dynamics of regional grassland biomass showed various trends largely determined by regional climate variability, disturbances, and management practices (such as grazing for meat production). The methods and results from this study can be used to monitor the dynamics of grassland aboveground biomass and evaluate grassland susceptibility to climate variability and change, disturbances, and management.
Integrating Sensory/Actuation Systems in Agricultural Vehicles
Authors: Emmi Luis , Gonzalez-de-Soto Mariano , Pajares Gonzalo , Gonzalez-de-Santos Pablo
Published: February 2014

In recent years, there have been major advances in the development of new and more powerful perception systems for agriculture, such as computer-vision and global positioning systems. Due to these advances, the automation of agricultural tasks has received an important stimulus, especially in the area of selective weed control where high precision is essential for the proper use of resources and the implementation of more efficient treatments. Such autonomous agricultural systems incorporate and integrate perception systems for acquiring information from the environment, decision-making systems for interpreting and analyzing such information, and actuation systems that are responsible for performing the agricultural operations. These systems consist of different sensors, actuators, and computers that work synchronously in a specific architecture for the intended purpose. The main contribution of this paper is the selection, arrangement, integration, and synchronization of these systems to form a whole autonomous vehicle for agricultural applications. This type of vehicle has attracted growing interest, not only for researchers but also for manufacturers and farmers. The experimental results demonstrate the success and performance of the integrated system in guidance and weed control tasks in a maize field, indicating its utility and efficiency. The whole system is sufficiently flexible for use in other agricultural tasks with little effort and is another important contribution in the field of autonomous agricultural vehicles.
Longitudinal Effects of Violent Media Usage on Aggressive Behavior—The Significance of Empathy
Authors: Mößle Thomas , Kliem Sören , Rehbein Florian
Published: February 2014

The aim of this study was to thoroughly investigate the link between violent media consumption and aggressive behavior. Using a large longitudinal student sample, the role of empathy as a possible mediator of this relationship was of special interest. Data were drawn from wave three to five of the Berlin Longitudinal Study Media, a four-year longitudinal control group study with 1207 school children. Participants completed measures of media usage (violent content of TV and computer games), aggressive behavior perpetration, and empathy. The average age of participants was 10.4 years at Time 1 and 12.4 years at Time 3. Half of the study sample was male (50%). Trivariate structural equation modeling using three measurement times were conducted for assessing the role of empathy as a mediator of the longitudinal relationship between the usage of violent media content and aggressive behavior. For male students empathic skills were shown to unfold a key mediating role between problematic media usage and aggressive behavior.
Acknowledgement to Reviewers of Societies in 2013
Authors: Societies Editorial Office
Published: February 2014

The editors of Societies would like to express their sincere gratitude to the following reviewers for assessing manuscripts in 2013. [...]
Nerve Growth Factor from Cobra Venom Inhibits the Growth of Ehrlich Tumor in Mice
Authors: Osipov Alexey , Terpinskaya Tatiana , Kryukova Elena , Ulaschik Vladimir , Paulovets Lubov , Petrova Elena , Blagun Ekaterina , Starkov Vladislav , Utkin Yuri
Published: February 2014

The effects of nerve growth factor (NGF) from cobra venom (cvNGF) on growth of Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) cells inoculated subcutaneously in mice have been studied. The carcinoma growth slows down, but does not stop, during a course of cvNGF injections and restores after the course has been discontinued. The maximal anti-tumor effect has been observed at a dose of 8 nmoles cvNGF/kg body weight. cvNGF does not impact on lifespan of mice with grafted EAC cells. K252a, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, attenuates the anti-tumor effect of cvNGF indicating the involvement of TrkA receptors in the process. cvNGF has induced also increase in body weight of the experimental animals. In overall, cvNGF shows the anti-tumor and weight-increasing effects which are opposite to those described for mammalian NGF (mNGF). However in experiments on breast cancer cell line MCF-7 cvNGF showed the same proliferative effects as mNGF and had no cytotoxic action on tumor cells in vitro. These data suggest that cvNGF slows down EAC growth via an indirect mechanism in which TrkA receptors are involved.
More Novel Hantaviruses and Diversifying Reservoir Hosts — Time for Development of Reservoir-Derived Cell Culture Models?
Authors: Eckerle Isabella , Lenk Matthias , Ulrich Rainer
Published: February 2014

Due to novel, improved and high-throughput detection methods, there is a plethora of newly identified viruses within the genus Hantavirus. Furthermore, reservoir host species are increasingly recognized besides representatives of the order Rodentia, now including members of the mammalian orders Soricomorpha/Eulipotyphla and Chiroptera. Despite the great interest created by emerging zoonotic viruses, there is still a gross lack of in vitro models, which reflect the exclusive host adaptation of most zoonotic viruses. The usually narrow host range and genetic diversity of hantaviruses make them an exciting candidate for studying virus-host interactions on a cellular level. To do so, well-characterized reservoir cell lines covering a wide range of bat, insectivore and rodent species are essential. Most currently available cell culture models display a heterologous virus-host relationship and are therefore only of limited value. Here, we review the recently established approaches to generate reservoir-derived cell culture models for the in vitro study of virus-host interactions. These successfully used model systems almost exclusively originate from bats and bat-borne viruses other than hantaviruses. Therefore we propose a parallel approach for research on rodent- and insectivore-borne hantaviruses, taking the generation of novel rodent and insectivore cell lines from wildlife species into account. These cell lines would be also valuable for studies on further rodent-borne viruses, such as orthopox- and arenaviruses.
Reflections on the San Martino in Pensilis Hoard
Authors: Burnett Andrew M.
Published: February 2014

L'auteur réexamine le trésor de San Martino in Pensilis et évalue sa signification pour la période de transition du monnayage italien du IIIe siècle av. J.-C. Ce trésor nous permet de documenter, pour la première fois, les changements en cours au milieu du siècle et nous autorise à dater les monnayages de Cales, Teanum et Suessa de la fin de la Première Guerre Punique. Le trésor comprend aussi les 1ère et 2e émissions des didrachmes romains et suggère ainsi une interruption dans la production de monnnaies romaines entre 300 et 260 av. J.-C.
Athenian tetradrachms recently discovered in the Athenian Agora
Authors: Kroll John
Published: February 2014

Preliminary report on a ca. 400-piece hoard of 4th-century pi-style tetradrachms excavated in 2005 from beneath the floor of a public office in the Athenian Agora, together with publication of two other notable Athenian tetradrachms from the recent excavations. One of these tetradrachms belongs to the earliest 4th-century coinage to depict Athena with a profile eye. It is proposed that this early profile-eye coinage began probably in the 380s or 370s and was replaced by the mechanical and hastily struck pi-style silver in the later 350s.
Les Galates sous les pentes de l'Olympe : le trésor IV de Néos Pantéléïmon, lieu-dit Krania, 2000
Authors: Tourátsoglou Iōánnīs P.
Published: February 2014

Le trésor IV de Néos Pantéléïmon, lieu-dit Krania (Pierie, Macédoine, Grèce), trouvé en 2000, comporte des tétradrachmes et des drachmes au nom d'Alexandre III aussi bien qu'un tétradrachme athénien. Avec un nombre considérable de trésors provenant de la Macédoine grecque et de la FYROM, ce trésor constitue un témoignage numismatique solide sur les incursions galates (280/279-275/274 av. J.-C.) dans le royaume macédonien, avant que les barbares décident d'attaquer la Thessalie et la Grèce du sud.
L'atelier de Rome au début du règne de Probus (276-277) : corpus et documents inédits
Authors: Estiot Sylviane , Gysen Philippe
Published: February 2014

L'examen de grandes collections institutionnelles, en fournissant un matériel nouveau, permet de proposer un corpus des premières émissions frappées à Rome par l'empereur Probus, un règne pour lequel il n'existe ni ouvrage de référence actuel (RIC V2, 1933, reposant essentiellement sur le classement alphabétique de Cohen, 1886 ; Pink, Aufbau, 1949), ni de documentation de première main (trésors monétaires) abondante ou récemment publiée.
Boltinggârd Skov : A Hoard of Constantinian solidi from Funen, Denmark
Authors: Henriksen Mogens Bo , Horsnaes Helle W.
Published: February 2014

Jewellery and coins have been recovered at several instances since the 19th century at Boltinggârd Skov in Central Funen, Denmark. The article presents and discusses the recent excavation on the site. The excavation produced evidence that all finds belong to a gold hoard that today consists of a necklace, a fragment of a Kolben bracelet with a Roman inscription, three aurei of the 3rd century and 12 Constantinian solidi. Two of the Roman coins are of very rare types.
Le type numismatique de Saint-Gilles
Authors: Cavalié Etienne
Published: February 2014

Stroken during the first half of the 12th century, the figure in the coins of Saint-Gilles, where the money belongs to the counts of Toulouse, has never been studied really methodically, and a definitive interpretation of its quadruped under a cross has not been made. But the comparison between this picture and bigger collections (pictures of the legend of St. Gilles, pictures of the Holy Lamb, the whole feodal French coins) lets no doubt : this animal is a Holy Lamb, which means Jesus Christ as a sacrificed victim and as the ressuscitated Son of God. The unforeseenable apparitions of this picture in many European monetary places suggest that its developpment is not due to imitations between coins, but to its presence on some others artifacts.
Le trésor de Myrmekion de statères cyzicènes
Authors: Abramzon Mihail Grigorʹevič , Frolova Nina A.
Published: February 2014

En 2003, un trésor comprenant 99 statères d'électrum de Cyzique fut découvert pendant les fouilles de la cité-État de Myrmekion (Bosphore Cimmérien). Il contient des statères représentant 53 types différents, incluant un type inédit daté des années 400-380 av. J.-C. La monnaie la plus ancienne du trésor est datée de 550-500 av. J.-C. Le trésor de Myrmekion fut enfoui dans le premier quart du IVe s. av. J.-C. Cette date coïncide avec le contexte archéologique du « sanctuaire de Déméter » où l'olpé de bronze contenant le trésor fut cachée.
Le « trésor » du temple du Létôon de Xanthos (1975-2002). Les monnaies rhodiennes et la circulation monétaire en Lycie à la basse époque hellénistique
Authors: Marcellesi Marie-Christine
Published: February 2014

Le « trésor » publié ici se compose de 135 monnaies et de deux lingots d'argent trouvés dans la cella du temple de Léto en 1975, 2001 et 2002. L'ensemble réunit une monnaie lycienne d'époque dynastique, des monnaies de types rhodiens (imitations et plinthophores), du Koinon des Lyciens, d'Antiphellos, d'Attaleia, un denier de Titus, une monnaie provinciale romaine et deux intrusions tardives (type Securitas reipublicae). Pour les monnaies rhodiennes et celles du Koinon des Lyciens, l'auteur est amenée à corriger la chronologie, certaines attributions et l'identification de certaines dénominations, en s'appuyant sur les inscriptions. Si l'interprétation de ce « trésor », qui n'est pas un ensemble clos, est difficile, il atteste en tout cas l'importance des monnaies rhodiennes dans la circulation monétaire en Lycie à la basse époque hellénistique.
Monnaies de l'Arabie heureuse - Collection privée
Authors: Boillet Pierre-Yves
Published: February 2014

L'auteur publie dans cet article un lot de 153 monnaies de l'Arabie Heureuse. De nouvelles dénominations sabéennes, près de cinquante monogrammes inédits (dont une trentaine de monogrammes himyarites) et une nouvelle chronologie des monnayages qatabânite et himyarite y sont proposés.
L'ouverture de l'atelier impérial de Cyzique sous le règne de Claude II le Gothique
Authors: Mairat Jérôme
Published: February 2014

Cyzicus struck his last provincial coins with Greek inscriptions during the reign of Claudius Gothicus. The mint became at the same time an important imperial mint, the only one in Asia Minor. The new Moneta was established by the transfer of a mint of Asia Minor, created by Gallienus and probably located in Smyrna. The existence of a transitional issue is here analyzed : these coins keep some characteristics of the previous mint but with a new style. Coins of the following issue bear on their reverse the mint-mark M C, and record the official opening of the mint as well as the beginning of the Gothic war. A corpus of these coins is given.
Une « émission fantôme » de l'atelier de Cyzique au début du règne de Carus
Authors: Estiot Sylviane , Dopierala Ed , Gysen Philippe
Published: February 2014

New data from institutional collections and from on-line sales allow to reconstruct an emission in the name of Carus sole emperor issued by the Cyzicus mint. Although very far from the event, the Asia mint could, as the nearby mints Lyon and Ticinum, echo Carus' accession whom his army hailed emperor in Rhetia, before he chose his elder son Carinus as Caesar. A catalogue of these first two emissions from Cyzicus is given.
A Hoard of Minimi from Sardis and the Currency of the Fifth Century CE
Authors: Burrell Barbara
Published: February 2014

The hoard catalogued here was buried in the portico of a colonnaded street in a residential district of late antique Sardis. It contained 695 very small bronzes, the latest attributable to Anastasius (491-518) and the Vandal king Thrasamund (496-523), none dated after Anastasius' reform of coinage in 498. The hoard is compared to other finds at Sardis, and its implications for the reform and for fifth-century currency are considered.
Oboles mérovingiennes
Authors: Dhénin Michel , Schiesser Philippe
Published: February 2014

Les auteurs décrivent et caractérisent 42 monnaies mérovingiennes d'argent de la première moitié du VIIIe siècle dont le poids est celui de la moitié du denier et dont les techniques de fabrication sont variées (unifaces, bractéates...)· Ce sont des oboles mérovingiennes. Leur circulation est attestée par des trouvailles de sites, en particulier à Domburg.
Le premier trésor monétaire de type viking en France. Denier inédit d'Eudes pour Beauvais
Authors: Cardon Thibault , Moesgaard Jens Christian , Prot Richard , Schiesser Philippe
Published: February 2014

La prépondérance des monnaies anglaises frappées par les Vikings, pliées ou testées par coup de couteau, ainsi que la présence de lingots fragmentés attestent l'origine viking du trésor de Saint-Pierre-des-Fleurs, enfoui vers 895. Il s'agit du premier trésor de type viking répertorié en France. Il contenait un denier inédit d'Eudes (888-898) pour Beauvais
Le denier de Verdun de Raoul (923-925)
Authors: Derzypolsky Nicolas , Dhénin Michel , Hourlier Michel
Published: February 2014

Les auteurs font connaître trois deniers de Verdun inédits émis par Raoul entre 923 et 925 de deux types variés.
Un denier inédit de Courtrai sous le roi Lothaire (954-986)
Authors: Crinon Pierre
Published: February 2014

This unpublished denier in the name of king Lothar was struck with a reworked die. Its technique of fabrication, epigraphy and metrology are reminiscent of that of coins of Arras and its region in the Fecamp hoard, as well as of that of later coins of Quentovic. The political context of the relations between king Lothar, the count of Flanders or the bishop of Arras and Courtrai, leads to dating the coin after 965 and probably in the 980s.
Le conseil ducal breton et la monnaie au bas Moyen Âge
Authors: Coativy Yves
Published: February 2014

En Bretagne au bas Moyen Age, le conseil ducal joue un rôle essentiel dans la prise de décision en matière monétaire. Le duc, ses proches, ses conseillers et quelques spécialistes issus du monde urbain (monnayeurs, marchands) décident des émissions, des cours, des types, mais aussi des solutions à adopter face à une situation inédite, quand il ne s'agit pas de punir un faussaire. Bien que desservi par une documentation lacunaire, le sujet peut être précisé grâce aux actes de chancellerie et par l'unique registre du conseil qui a survécu (années 1450).
Les frontières de l'Éternité ? Le cas d'un nom de monnaie : santalene
Authors: Travaini Lucia
Published: February 2014

This paper deals with the interpretation of the name santalene mentioned by some medieval Italian documents ; the author proposes to identify the term with Byzantine coins whose iconography was read by medieval piety as images of Constantine and saint Helen, or one of them, in the context of the cult of the True Cross. This devotional interpretation is based on three medieval Italian hoards and on several other Byzantine coins preserved in Italy as objects of devotion, some of which belonged to the Lateran hoard of 1586 : a hoard which inspired a papal bull of indulgences issued by pope Sixtus V in 1587, according to which each specimen was to become a sort of relic. The cult of the True Cross was very popular in medieval Europe and it is suggested that in France too coins 'of saint Helen', whether Roman or Byzantine, were also considered as objects of devotion.
Le monnayage d'or de Maxence à l'atelier d'Ostie : à propos de l'aureus au type Pax Aeterna Aug ?
Authors: Drost Vincent
Published: February 2014

The Pax Aeterna Aug Ν aureus is one of the very few examples of the gold coinage struck in the name of Maxentius at the Ostian mint. Its description by the modern authors is made on the basis of second-hand information. The rediscovery of the coin in Florence allows to decipher a highly original iconography which shows the payment of the aurum coronarium to the emperor following upon the reconquest of Africa. The gold coinage of Maxentius in Ostia seems to fall into three successive sections. The aureus from Florence is to be associated to the second group which was struck at the end of 310 or at the beginning of 311 in prospect of a donatiuum celebrating the reconquest of Africa and Maxentius' quinquennalia at the same time.
Observations sur la représentation d'un décor monétaire sur une céramique de l'Ifrîqiyâ du haut Moyen Âge : la numismatique date la céramique !
Authors: Fenina Abdelhamid
Published: February 2014

In this contribution, the aim is to provide a comparative study, resulting from empirical observations of the similarities between a type of monetary décor and the one inscribed on an Ifrîqiyâ ceramic (broadly, current Tunisia) of the early Middle Ages. I will argue against its attribution to the Aghlabids era, by a new dating to the ceramic in question, which is the subject of this study.
Salivary gland scintigraphy in Sjögren’s syndrome
Authors: Kim H.-A. , Yoon S.-H. , Yoon J.-K. , Lee S. J. , Jo K. S. , Lee D. H. , Suh C.-H. , An Y.-S.
Published: February 2014

The aim of this study was to compare the diagnostic utility of visual versus semiquantitative analysis of salivary gland scintigraphy in the diagnosis of Sjögren’s syndrome (SS). Patients, methods: 99mTc-pertech- netate salivary gland scintigraphy was performed in 145 patients (133 women, 12 men) with clinically suspicious SS. The images were interpreted with visual and semiquantitative methods and the diagnostic performances for SS were compared using uptake and excretory functional parameters. Results: In total, 76 patients (52.4%) were finally diagnosed with SS. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy of visual analysis for the diagnosis of SS were 88.2%, 48.6%, 65.1%, 79.1%, and 69.2%, respectively. Semiquantitative values, the area under the ROC curve for uptake ratio and percentage excretion in the right salivary glands were significantly greater than 0.5 (p < 0.05). However, the percentage excretion in the left salivary glands did not show a statistically significant diagnostic ability for SS. The diagnostic ability of visual assessment was greater than that of the semiquantitative method in terms of evaluating uptake and excretory function in the sub- mandibular glands. Conclusion: Visual analysis of salivary gland scintigraphy showed greater diagnostic utility than semiquantitative assessment in the diagnosis of SS, especially in the submandibular glands.
Surgical induction of metacarpal synostosis for treatment of ectrodactyly in a dog
Authors: Del Magno S. , Cinti F. , Dalpozzo B. , Bellei E. , Cloriti E. , Joechler M. , Pisoni L.
Published: February 2014

Ectrodactyly is a rare developmental anomaly of the distal part of the forelimb. It is characterized by the presence of an abnormal longitudinal soft tissue and osseous separation or cleft between the digits and the metacarpal bones. It can be associated with hypoplasia, aplasia and malformation of one or more bones of the antebrachium, carpus, metacarpus and digits. Unilateral ectrodactyly and moderate lameness were diagnosed in a young female dog. The dog was treated surgically with reconstruction of soft tissues and stabilization of the metacarpal bones by two nylon cerclage sutures. After three years a mild residual lameness was present. Radiographic signs of synostosis between the metacarpal bones II, III and IV with presence of a cleft between carpal bones II and III were observed.
Clinical assessment of a shaft screw for stabilization of the humeral condyle in dogs
Authors: Tivers M. S. , Grierson J. , Moores A. P.
Published: February 2014

Objective: To report the use of a 4.5 mm shaft screw for the management of humeral condylar fractures (HCF) and incomplete ossification of the humeral condyle (IOHC) in dogs, and to assess risk factors for complications.

Methods: Dogs with HCF or IOHC that were managed with a 4.5 mm shaft screw with a minimum follow-up of six months from surgery were included. Data from the case records were used to identify risk factors for complications. Long-term follow-up was provided by an owner questionnaire and veterinary re-examination.

Results: Forty-three elbows were treated in 40 dogs (14 IOHC, 29 HCF). Minor complications were seen in four cases (9%) and major complications in 10 cases (23%). There were no statistically significant risk factors for major complication. Infection resulted in shaft screw removal from three IOHC cases. Four of eight IOHC cases that had a lateral approach had a major complication compared with zero out of six dogs that had a medial approach, but this difference was not significant (p = 0.085). Nine of 12 IOHC cases and 20/23 HCF cases had excellent or good limb use at the time of long-term follow- up (median of 106 weeks, range 26–227 weeks). All fractures healed but IOHC fissure healing was inconsistent. Fatigue failure of shaft screws was not seen.

Clinical significance: The use of shaft screws for the management of IOHC and HCF is associated with a relatively low rate of complications (compared to previous reports) and a good long-term outcome.
Magnetic resonance imaging for detection of late meniscal tears in dogs following tibial tuberosity advancement for treatment of cranial cruciate ligament injury
Authors: Lamb C. R. , Tivers M. S. , Li A. , Taylor-Brown F.
Published: February 2014

To document the use of and to estimate the accuracy of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging for detection of late meniscal tears in dogs with cranial cruciate ligament injury treated with tibial tuberosity advancement (TTA).

Medical records of dogs that had TTA followed by stifle MR imaging for suspected meniscal tear and subsequent arthrotomy were reviewed retrospectively. Magnetic resonance images were reviewed independently by an observer blinded to clinical information who classified menisci as torn, abnormal but intact, or normal. Magnetic resonance and surgical findings were compared.

Eight stifles from large breed dogs were included. Six stifles had a medial meniscal tear identified in MR images and later confirmed surgically. In the remaining two stifles, the menisci appeared intact in MR images and no tear was identified at subsequent arthrotomy. Lateral menisci in all stifles appeared intact in MR images and were considered normal at surgery. Susceptibility artefacts associated with TTA implants were present in all images but did not adversely affect interpretation of intra-articular structures.

Magnetic resonance imaging appears to be accurate for diagnosis of late meniscal tears. Artefacts associated with TTA implants did not prevent evaluation of critical intra-articular structures. Further investigation with MR imaging should be considered when late meniscal tear is suspected following TTA.
Quantifying color variation: Improved formulas for calculating hue with segment classification
Authors: Smith Stacey D.
Published: February 2014

• Premise of the study: Differences in color form a major component of biological variation, and quantifying these differences is the first step to understanding their evolutionary and ecological importance. One common method for measuring color variation is segment classification, which uses three variables (chroma, hue, and brightness) to describe the height and shape of reflectance curves. This study provides new formulas for calculating hue (the variable that describes the “type” of color) to give correct values in all regions of color space.

• Methods and Results: Reflectance spectra were obtained from the literature, and chroma, hue, and brightness were computed for each spectrum using the original formulas as well as the new formulas. Only the new formulas result in correct values in the blue‐green portion of color space.

• Conclusions: Use of the new formulas for calculating hue will result in more accurate color quantification for a broad range of biological applications.
An effective system to produce smoke solutions from dried plant tissue for seed germination studies
Authors: Coons Janice , Coutant Nancy , Lawrence Barbara , Finn Daniel , Finn Stephanie
Published: February 2014

• Premise of the study: An efficient and inexpensive system was developed to produce smoke solutions from plant material to research the influence of water‐soluble compounds from smoke on seed germination.

• Methods and Results: Smoke solutions (300 mL per batch) were produced by burning small quantities (100–200 g) of dried plant material from a range of species in a bee smoker attached by a heater hose to a side‐arm flask. The flask was attached to a vacuum water aspirator, to pull the smoke through the water. The entire apparatus was operated in a laboratory fume hood.

• Conclusions: Compared with other smoke solution preparation systems, the system described is easy to assemble and operate, inexpensive to build, and effective at producing smoke solutions from desired species in a small indoor space. Quantitative measurements can be made when using this system, allowing for replication of the process.