bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Great ape cognition is structured by stable cognitive abilities and predicted by developmental conditions
Authors: Bohn Manuel , Eckert Johanna , Hanus Daniel , Lugauer Benedikt , Holtmann Jana , Haun Daniel
Published: July 2022

Great ape cognition is used as a reference point to specify the evolutionary origins of complex cognitive abilities, including in humans. This research often assumes that great ape cognition consists of cognitive abilities (traits) that account for stable differences between individuals which change and develop in response to experience. Here, we test the validity of these assumptions by assessing repeatability of cognitive performance among captive great apes (gorilla gorilla, pongo abelii, pan paniscus, pan troglodytes) in five tasks covering a range of cognitive domains. We examine whether individual characteristics (age, group, test experience) or transient situational factors (life events, testing arrangements, or sociality) influence cognitive performance. Our results show that task-level performance is generally stable over time; four of the five tasks were reliable measurement tools. Performance in the tasks was best explained by stable differences in cognitive abilities (traits) between individuals. Cognitive abilities were further correlated, suggesting shared cognitive processes. Finally, when predicting cognitive performance, we found stable individual characteristics to be more important than variables capturing transient experience. Taken together, this study shows that great ape cognition is structured by stable cognitive abilities that respond to different developmental conditions.
Deception Strategies in the Discourse of American Think Tanks: An Argumentative- Pragmatic Analysis
Authors: Al-juboori Ali , Mustafa Sabah S.
Published: July 2022

Deception is a misrepresentation of reality that attracted many researchers examining it from various perspectives. However, no due attention has been given to the discursive deception strategies in the work of think tanks. This study aims at exposing the deception strategies deployed in the conservative American think tanks’ discourse which concern itself with the (re)production of socio-political realities. The study holds the significance of the detection and explication of argumentative and pragmatic discursive deception strategies which impose ideological hegemony and socio-political polarization of the positively presented Self against the negatively presented Other. This study attempts to answer a twofold question: what are the discursive deception strategies involved in the work of think tanks, and why/how these strategies are applied? To this end, eight political texts from three think tanks were analyzed adopting an eclectic model based on van Dijk (2000) and Yule (1996). The analyzed data mainly focuses on four political themes namely (1) terrorism in Islam, (2) Russian role in the Middle East, (3) the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, (4) the U.S. policy in the Middle East. The results demonstrate the pervasiveness of discursive deception strategies in the think tanks’ discourse which endeavor to communicate an ideological polarization of a positive presentation of the Self against a negative presentation of the Other and reinforce a hegemony of particular socio-political realities. Findings can be beneficial for students of (critical) discourse analysis, media, communications studies, and English for special purposes.
Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) in ELT as a Link between Language Learning and Content Development
Authors: Hussain Syed Sarwar
Published: July 2022

Content and Language Integrated Learning signifies studying a core subject (Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry, Engineering and so on) while simultaneously studying a language. It means integrating the two, with each serving the purpose of the other. Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) is increasingly being used worldwide as it centers not only on content but on content and language both at the same time. There is no language without content and there is no content without language. This quantitative study discusses the use of CLIL in English language teaching (ELT). It dissects how teachers’ training and experience affect content development. A t-test analysis was conducted to analyze the effect of teachers’ training and teaching experiences on the use and impact of Content and Language Integrated Learning. The t-test analysis carried out for this study revealed that there was no significant relationship between teachers’ training programme and the use of CLIL (P<0.05), and teacher’s experience and the impact of CLIL (P<0.05). But the results achieved in this study invariably show that a majority of teachers have found that on-the-job, in-service CLIL teachers training program had hugely and positively affected their teaching performance and the language accomplishments of their English language students. And this was the central goal or purpose for which the present study was conducted. Therefore, this study recommends on-the-job, in-service CLIL training for teachers which will ensure that they remain in touch with the global trends of CLIL in ELT.
Teachers’ Beliefs about Grammar Teaching within a Context of Omani Secondary Schools
Authors: AlAbri Said , Mirza Chahrazed , Bellalem Fouzi , Forouzani Mohamed
Published: July 2022

The present qualitative case study investigated the beliefs and practices of six English language teachers in secondary schools in Oman about grammar instruction. To improve EFL education in Omani schools, the study sought to determine whether teachers’ beliefs and their grammar teaching practices were congruent. The study collected the data through classroom observations and interviews, and analysed the data using content analysis and Grounded theory to analyze the data. The findings showed that even though most teachers acknowledged the benefits of inductive grammar instruction, they favored deductive grammar instruction. Teachers attributed their classroom decisions to various factors such as students’ language proficiency, time constraints, and curriculum overload. In addition, the findings showed that teachers’ learning experiences shaped their decision-making and instructional practices. The lack of professional development training was another crucial factor that influenced their beliefs and grammar teaching practices. The study concluded that teachers in Oman required more individualized training sessions that could foster alternative beliefs and practices in favor of inductive grammar instruction.
The Impact of Self-Regulated Strategy Development on Enhancing Saudi Female English majors’ Reading Comprehension Skills and Self-Efficacy
Authors: Alreshoud Ashwaq A. , Abdelhalim Safaa M.
Published: July 2022

The present study investigated the impact of self-regulated strategy development reading intervention on improving Saudi female English majors’ reading skills and reading self-efficacy. The study is significant with respect to its implication for the pedagogy of English as a foreign/second language that hopefully may broaden insights into the self-regulated reading process and reading self-efficacy among Saudi female university students. The study addressed three main research questions: (1) What is the effect of self-regulated strategy development on enhancing first-year Saudi female English majors’ reading comprehension skills? (2) What is the impact of self-regulated strategy development on enhancing first-year Saudi female English majors’ reading self-efficacy? (3) What is the relationship between enhancing students’ reading comprehension skills and reading self-efficacy? Based on the quasi-experimental design, two intact classes of first-year EFL English majors at the college of languages and Translation, Imam University, were randomly assigned into two groups (control and experimental). The experimental group students (N=40) were taught using the self-regulated strategy development, while the control group (N=40) students were taught using the traditional teaching method. The research data were collected from two equivalent reading comprehension tests (pre-and post-tests) and a reading self-efficacy scale. The results revealed statistically significant differences between the two groups’ mean scores on the post-tests in favor of the experimental group. Results also indicated an enhancement in the experimental group students’ reading comprehension skills and subskills, and reading self-efficacy. Pedagogical implications for reading instruction and recommendations for future studies are discussed.
Corpus-based Studies of Metaphor: An Overview
Authors: Malik Norasyikin Abdul , Shaq Mohamad Syafiq Ya , Mohamad Faizah , Joharry Siti Aeisha
Published: July 2022

The researchers performed this systematic review to offer insights into the trend of the corpus-based approach in studying metaphor in recent years and investigate the potential gaps and under-researched areas in the past literature on the topic. Two research databases, namely Google Scholar and Academics, were explored to collect data. The analysis of metaphor-related research studies published between 2015 and 2020 revealed more than 78 studies dealing with the topic of investigation. After the screening process, 23 studies that met the research criteria were retained for analysis. The selected articles were further analyzed using the two-step analysis involving quantitative and qualitative approaches, i.e., descriptive statistics, and thematic analysis. The findings revealed that metaphor studies employing the corpus approach tend to use existing corpus like the Reference Corpus instead of a specialized corpus. In addition, metaphor studies in this review centered more on written discourse than spoken data. Furthermore, there is also a lack of information on the corpus tool employed in the examined studies. Meanwhile, the thematic analysis unearthed potential gaps and under-researched areas, such as limited studies on COVID-19 metaphor even though the outbreak had started at the end of 2019. Future studies on this research could include more specialized corpora, specifically in the under-researched topics, to fill in the gaps in this area of study.
Gratitude in Foreign Language Learning
Authors: Wilang Jeffrey Dawala
Published: July 2022

Studies on positive emotions in language learning have increased over the years. However, gratitude, a moral virtue, which may have a novel effect in learning a foreign language, remains underexplored in applied linguistics. This paper aims to know the antecedents of gratitude and its constructs in English as a foreign language context. Nineteen antecedents of gratitude were generated to create a survey questionnaire called Foreign Language Gratitude Scale, a 4-point Likert rating scale. An open-ended question was also added to gain qualitative data. Convenience sampling was used to collect data from 240 undergraduate students. Descriptive statistics results showed that the participants were very grateful in all situations in the survey, specifically for their improved outputs and the corrections initiated by their teachers. Further, principal component analysis was used to explore the underlying dimensions of gratitude. Two factors were elicited – positive reinforcement and language practice. The first factor includes the following grateful situations: encouraging students to do better, appreciating students’ output, correcting students’ mistakes, using media resources in learning, sharing practical knowledge, providing examples and practices, treating students equally, encouraging language activities, and managing classroom effectively. The grateful situations in the second factor are having fluent English speakers, doing productive activities, providing opportunities, sharing ideas, and having a better output. Other factors coded from the qualitative data include promoting collaborative work, gaining comprehension and knowledge, language success, encouraging productive activities, the teacher acts, and designing out-of-class activities. Finally, implications of results and suggestions for future studies were presented.
Factors Pertinent to First Language Use in Foreign Language Classroom: A Case of Content and Language Integrated Learning
Authors: Hu Hengzhi
Published: July 2022

The success of bilingual immersion programmes has promoted the debate about whether learners’ first language (L1) should be used in foreign language classrooms. Nevertheless, Content and Language Integrated Learning, a pedagogical approach embedded in the development of multilingualism and multiliteracy theories, has overstepped the monolingual principle by allowing for more flexibility in the choice of instructional languages. Previous research has emphasised chiefly the reasons and effects of embracing a shared language, other than the target language, in content-based bilingual classrooms, while this paper intends to investigate the correlations between L1 use with learner factors, the understanding of which can shed light on more efficient translanguaging practices. Through a cross-sectional approach, the present study was contextualised in a large-scale, content-based English as a foreign language programme and drew on 335 undergraduates, who completed a series of questionnaires and tests. Correlation and regression analyses primarily demonstrated that English proficiency was the most significant predictor of learners’ overall attitude to L1 instruction in classrooms, followed by content proficiency and language learning motivation. Gender was a non-significant variable for learners’ overall perspective on L1 employment but was related to the constructs about using the L1 for phatic purposes, with male students requiring more translanguaging assistance. The paper concludes with the implication that the desire for L1 use is associated with various learner factors and that teachers should be aware of how to encourage and regulate translanguaging practices for differing instructional purposes as per the changing needs in classrooms.
Checking the Reliability of English as a Second Language Learners’ Aptitude: The Use of Achievement Tests as Predictors
Authors: Alshammari Sahal R.
Published: July 2022

In Saudi Arabia, high school education has always been blamed for students’ weaknesses in the English language. Teachers have been accused of overestimating students’ scores in English language courses, resulting in evaluations that do not reflect the students’ real levels. Consequently, students believe that they are good enough at English and can survive in an English program at the college level when they are not. The paper is an attempt to bridge the gap between learning English in public schools and at college level. It will try to answer a significant question about whether students’ scores in high school and preparatory years are able to predict their performances at the college level — particularly students majoring in English language. It also explores the factors that affect university students’ GPAs who are majoring English. A total of 107 students participated in the study by providing their grades in the three levels and responding to a survey to explore their attitudes toward activities that encourage them to learn English in the Saudi Arabian education system. The results showed that high school and preparatory year grades aligned with only a small number of the participants’ college grades. This indicates that earlier grades cannot predict students’ performances at the university level. Moreover, the results confirm the dominance of the grammar-translation method in teaching English at all three levels. Finally, the results confirm a strong correlation between practicing more activities and improving second language learning. More research is required to explore the factors that influence students’ English learning
Investigating the Importance of Conversational Implicature and Violation of Maxims in Daily Conversations
Authors: Musa Osman Rabaab Elmahady , subaiah Sarvanan
Published: July 2022

According to linguistic theory, conversational Implicature (CI) is the original intent of the speech expressed by a speaker. The assumption is that both the speaker and the receiver understand and respect the communication rules. In conversation theory, this is the significant component that has been the subject of discussion. This study investigates the importance of CI in various contexts of daily conversations. The focus of this study is to identify the violation of Grice’s theory in the conversation. There is a shortcoming in literature to investigate CI in everyday conversations. Moreover, some studies focussed on specific discussions, which led to a literature gap. The study’s outcome will assist researchers in exploring new ideas in conversational implicatures. In addition, it reveals the shortcomings of the usage of implicatures. In this study, the researchers analyzed a set of 77 daily conversations. The study showed that context is critical in determining the meaning of a person’s thoughts. In addition, the finding suggests that particularized CI are primarily employed in daily conversations.
Evaluation of an E.S.P. Textbook from Teachers’ and Students’ Points of View: A Case Study of Nursing One for Premedical Students at a Saudi Universit
Authors: Umar Abdul Majeed Al Tayeb
Published: July 2022

This research aims to evaluate Nursing One; a textbook endorsed to teach medical English to premedical students at Umm-Al-Qura University. The study is quite significant as it attempts to check the suitability of this book for premedical students who are assumed to be taught the proper language that qualifies them to study medicine through an English medium. So, the study’s central question asks about the appropriateness of Nursing One for the target students in terms of its subject, content, and layout. The researcher obtained data via a checklist given to (25) teachers and a series of interviews arranged with (12) students. The collected data are analyzed quantitively, and the results reveal that the participants (teachers and students) are pretty satisfied with most aspects of Nursing One. More specifically, it is revealed that most subjects acknowledge that the content, layout, design, and presentation of Nursing One are appropriate. They admit that the book is adequately organized, and its topics are selected carefully to cater to the students’ academic and professional needs. These results have led the researcher to conclude that Nursing One is a suitable textbook for premedical students at Umm-Al-Qura University. The research recommends that all E.S.P. textbooks be rigorously assessed and evaluated before being endorsed to be taught in classrooms.
Chemical Profiling, Spectroscopic Characterization and Biological Evaluation of a novel polyherbal formulation with natural binders- Ayurgreen Natura Pain Gel
Authors:   Research and Development Division, Ayurgreen, Edappal, Malappuram-673635, Kerala, India, Sakkariya KN , Habeebulla MV ,   Research and Development Division, Ayurgreen, Edappal, Malappuram-673635, Kerala, India, Dev Jisha ,   Research and Development Division, Ayurgreen, Edappal, Malappuram-673635, Kerala, India, Jinitha TV ,   Department of Chemistry, University of Calicut, Malappuram-673635, Kerala, India, Hashim NK ,   Department of Physics, WMO Arts and Science College, Muttil, Wayanad-673122 Kerala, India, PV Muhamned Kutty ,   Department of Physics, GHSS Agali, Palakkad, Muttil- 673122, Kerala, India
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Herbal compositions are becoming increasingly important in today's world of raw material scarcity. Polyherbal formulations exhibit high efficacy due to the presence of active phytochemicals which may enhance their potency due to the synergetic interaction of active ingredients of different plants. Ayurgreen Natura Pain Gel is an important Ayurvedic polyherbal formulation prepared using specified plant parts of dried aloe vera and fresh aloe vera pulp, frankincense, myrrh, ferula asafetida. Methods: The phytochemistry of Ayurgreen Natura Pain Gel has been evaluated using a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometer and their bioactive functional groups were characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and UV-Visible spectroscopy. Moreover, the thermal analysis was performed using differential scanning calorimetry. Further, invitro studies were used to evaluate its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-cancerous activities. Results: The LCMS results revealed the presence of 40 phytoconstituents. It shows the presence of Manumycin A which helps wound healing by binding it with RAS protein. The thermogram results revealed the presence of volatile ingredients, melting, and degradation temperature. The formulation showed remarkable anti-inflammatory (IC50 119.8 μg/mL) and antioxidant (IC50 200 μg/mL) activities. The formulation showed potent cytotoxic effect towards Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) and Dalton’s lymphoma ascites (DLA) cell lines with IC 50 values 62 mg/mL and 20 mg/mL respectively. Discussion/Conclusions: The formulation can be considered as a potent anti-inflammatory cum anti-cancerous Natura Pain Gel with antiproliferative activity. Fascinatingly, the wild habitat contained some anticancerous phytoconstituents which might be responsible for enhanced anti-cancerous activity in mice cancer cell lines (EAC) and (DLA) cell lines.
A review study on Pashanbheda in the treatment of Vatashtila (BPH)
Authors:   Scholar, Department of Shalya Tantra, Parul Institute of Ayurveda, Parul University, Vadodara-391760, Gujarat, India, Kumar Amitabh Bachchan , Kullolli Vivekanand ,   Professor & Guide, Department of Shalya, Parul Institute of Ayurveda, Parul University, Vadodara-391760, India, S Dr Lekshmipriya ,   Assistant Professor and Co-guide, Department of Rasashastra & Bhaishajya Kalpana, Parul Institute of Ayurved, Parul University, Vadodara391760, Gujarat, India, Kullolli Krishna Thorat ,   Asso. Professor, Department of Rog Nidana evum Vikruti Vigjyan, Parul Institute of Ayurveda & Research, Parul University, Vadodara391760, Gujarat, India
Published: July 2022

BPH is a clinical condition that affects men as they get older and is common and progressive in nature. The LUTS (lower urinary tract symptoms) as well as bladder outlet obstruction have all been related to it in certain situations, including enlargement of the prostate. It is frightening to note that the incidence of kidney illnesses is expanding at an alarming pace in today's culture. Ten percent of men over the age of 70 are expected to have Vatashthila over the course of five years, according to projections (BPH). According to a study conducted in the United States, the prevalence of BPH has climbed from 18.8 percent to 24.5 percent among those aged 60 and over. Diuretics play a significant part in their therapy. Acharya Charaka describes a collection of ten plants called mutravirechaniya mahakashaya (great extractives of diuretics) under the 50 Mahakashaya, or great extractives. Urinary problems such as frequent urination, BPH, and calculi in the urinary system are efficiently treated with them. Some herbs aid in the preservation of renal function. This study basically focused on the Pashanbheda in the treatment of Vatashtila and its various properties which are study in this paper. Authentication of stated medicines by their Pharmacognostical data is essential before creating and suggesting such formulations in Vatashthila (BPH). This review paper may aid in validating and directing future research on these topics to a great extent.
Concept of jihwa pariksha w.s.r. to mutravaha sroto vikaras
Authors:   1 st year PG Scholar, PG and PhD Department of Roga Nidan Evum Vikriti Vigyana, Parul University, Gujarat-391760, India, Vaghasiya Nency , Deva Sachin ,   Associate Professor and HOD, PG and PhD Department of Roga Nidan Evum Vikriti Vigyana, Parul University, Gujarat-391760, India
Published: July 2022

In the same way that the Doshas as well as Dhatus feed our bodies, the Mala as well as its functions keep the body together. Srotas creates Dhatus and Mala and then transfers them out. Srotas are anatomical structures that convey the Dosha, Dhatu, and Mala energies. There are 13 Antarmukha Srotas, as per Sthanabheda (place of origin), as well as Mutravaha Srotas is among them. Basti but also Medhra, or Basti and vankshana, were Moolasthana of Mutravaha srotas, according to Ayurvedic literature. Varied Acharyas have different perspectives on Moolasthana, indicating where practically all of that Srota's actions take place, as well as which is most afflicted during clinical manifestations. Having function like eliminating the unctuousness out of the body, Mutra helps in removing excessive kleda out of the body which may be generated through vitiation of Kledaka kapha and Bodhaka kapha. Having a seat of Bodhaka kapha, changes on jihwa can be manifested due to ama which ultimately produced by the impairment of functions of Mutra. The study's end goal is to define the principle of Jihwa Pariksha W.S.R. To Mutravaha Sroto Vikaras, as well as explore the significance of Ayurveda, dosha, and dhatus for bodily sustenance. The study's future possibilities are that individuals would understand the important ideas of Ayurveda and srotas by reading this article.
Effects of Different Bio-Rational Compounds on Mortality of Diamond Back Moth (Plutella xylostella L.) Larva under Laboratory Condition
Authors: Bhattarai A.M. , Tiwari S.
Published: July 2022

A leaf dip technique of bioassay for mortality of DBM larvae was conducted in laboratory condition with room temperature of 25±2°C, relative humidity of 80±3% and 13:11 ratio of Light: dark period at Department of Entomology, Agriculture and Forestry University, Rampur, Chitwan with three replication and eight treatments; i.e. i) Lipel (Bacillus thuriengiensis var. kursataki) 2gm/l, ii) Racer (Beauveria bassiana 1.15% WP) 2gm/l, iii) Derisom (Fractions of Derris indica) 2ml/l, iv) Anosom (Extracts of Annona spp. 1%) 2ml/l, v) Neemix (Neem oil 60% w/w, Azadiractin content less than 300 ppm) 2ml/l, vi) Anthsuper (Chloropyrifos 16% A.I. + Alphacypermethrin 1%EC (w/w) 2ml/l, vii) cow urine (1:5 with water) and viii) control (water spray) in Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The larval mortality was taken after 3, 9, 21, 33, 57 and 93 hours after the treatment application. The larval mortality was found to be significantly higher in Anthsuper treated with 100% mortality of larvae within 33 hours after treatment application followed by cow urine, botanicals (Neemix, Derisom and Anosom) and microbials (Racer and Lipel) where the larval mortality over control was found to ranging from 10% to 47.57% during the experimental period. The larval mortality was 47.57% for Cow urine and Neemix followed by 38.14% for Anosom, 33.29% for Racer, 28.57% for Derisom and 19% for Lipel.it is concluded that chemical pesticide Anthsuper is superior for immediate control of the pest but considering the safety of environment and human health; for long-term control of the pest botanicals and microbials would be more efficient.
Evaluation of Bread Wheat Genotypes for Stripe Rust Resistance
Authors: Magar P. B. , Baidya S. , Thapa D. B. , Subedi M. , Basnet R. , Pant K. R.
Published: July 2022

Stripe rust disease is a major problem for wheat production in the hills of Nepal. To find resistance sources against this disease, 444 and 457 wheat genotypes received from National Wheat Research Program, Bhairahawa in 2018 and 2019 respectively were evaluated at Khumaltar under inoculated high disease pressure field condition. Disease was evaluated at both seedling and adult stages. In 2018, 315 genotypes showed resistance at seedling stage while 89 genotypes were having adult plant resistance (APR). Also, 71 entries showed immune response and 191 were resistant at both stages. Similarly in 2019, 233 genotypes were resistant at seedling stage and 201 were showing APR. Likewise, 35 entries were immune and 208 were resistant at both stages. Wheat genotypes with APR gene(s) can be utilized for developing durable stripe rust resistant varieties in the future. In addition, the genotypes having both stages resistant could also be used as sources of major and minor gene(s) for stripe rust resistance genotypes development in future breeding purposes.
Lake Bathymetry, Morphometry and Hydrochemistry of Gosaikunda and Associated Lake
Authors: Neupane Basudev , Thakuri Sudeep , Gurung Nabin , Aryal Aavash , Bhandari Bidhan , Pathak Kribina
Published: July 2022

Gosaikunda and Bhairabkunda are two largest lakes among dozens of lakes in the upper Ghattekhola watershed of Trisuli River in Nepal. Although being important high-altitude Ramsar site from Nepal, a detailed inventory that includes essential information on their hydrological, physical, chemical, and biological characteristics and human interactions are missing. We conducted an inventory of the lakes in the watershed in the previous study and in this study; we present the Lake Bathymetry, morphometric characteristics and hydrochemistry following recent methodologies. The Gosaikunda and Bhairbakunda have the maximum depth of 26.5 m and 59.1 m with area of 13.3 and 16 ha, respectively. The study supports to establish a reference site for exploring scientific evidence on the impacts of anthropogenic and climate change on lake hydrological systems in the future.
Editorial Vol.4
Authors: Bajracharya Ramesh Kumar
Published: July 2022

The scholars were NMA’s first batch (2021) research grant recipients who had carried out their 2500 m. and above field-based studies on the topics like mountain sciences, mountaineering and trekking tourism, adventure tourism, and the Himalayan cultural heritages
Role of Impact Advisory Firms in Promoting Equitable Growth in India
Authors: Agarwal Nidhi
Published: July 2022

An Advisory firm is association that arrangements professional direction, advisory and administrations in accounting, review and confirmation, lawful, finance, hazard, charge, administrative and consulting for customers that include medium to multinational organizations, not-revenue driven associations, and states. These firms take into account an assorted scope of necessities from their customers and may require custom-made consulting, arrangements and administrations for difficulties, changes, and openings. For instance, in corporate advisory firms give might furnish senior administration and sheets with mastery to recognize openings for business improvement and holes in existing cycles. This paper discusses about role of impact advisory firms in promoting equitable growth in India.
Community Based Fieldwork during Covid 19 Pandemic
Authors: Shirodker Manisha
Published: July 2022

Yashwantrao Chavan School of Social Work offers BSW and MSW programs and is affiliated to Shivaji University, Kolhapur, and Maharashtra. During MSW II year institute offers three specializations Human Resource Management, Urban and Rural Community development (URCD) and Medical and Psychiatric Social Work. During Covid 19 pandemic URCD specialization students carried out fieldwork in their native place, native place was considered as their fieldwork agency. Students carried out various learning activities by applying methods, techniques and tools of social work in their native communities and tried to learn about their community in depth with social work perspectives. It was observed that even though students were staying in their native since their birth but was not having in depth understanding and knowledge about their native place.11 students studying in URCD during semester III and IV were from Palghar district of Maharashtra State, it is one of a tribal district of Maharashtra State where Konkana, Varli, Thakar tribes are found, our students from Palghar district also belongs to these tribal communities, they were assigned fieldwork tasks to document the cultural practices followed by these tribes, types of unique vegetables especially found during rainy season, herbal medicines and traditional health practices followed by tribal communities, sources of employment throughout year, agricultural activities, government programs and schemes implemented for tribal development. Students made a good documentation of these components. Other students belonging to rural area were also assigned similar tasks. Since students were living 24/7 in their native during Covid 19 pandemic they could concentrate on all the components of fieldwork more sincerely.
Implementation of a filter for active noise cancellation in earmuffs for agricultural tractor operations
Authors: Fernandes Victor Lucas , Veloso Campos Marcel , Souza Luiz Henrique de , Inácio Maurílio José , Alves Maia Nilton , Santos Maciel Rogerio , Souza Veloso Douglas Emanuel
Published: July 2022

The implementation of agricultural mechanization is of paramount importance in modern agriculture, providing the replacement of manual and animal work with the aid of modern machines, contributing to an increase in productivity in crops of increasingly larger areas. However, the use of these technologies can bring some inconvenient factors from an ergonomic point of view. Machine operators, for example, are exposed to high noise levels from tractors. Its harmful effects on health are not limited to hearing alone, but can also cause emotional, cardiovascular and fatigue disorders. There are two methods for noise attenuation: The passive method, which consists only of a physical barrier between the listener's ear canal and the external environment, and the active method, which is based on electronic equipment capable of generating a signal that the phenomenon of destructive wave interference. Agricultural operators often use passive noise mufflers which have the disadvantage of attenuating all sounds indiscriminately, thus limiting the operator's auditory perception. In this context, this work proposes an implementation of active noise cancellation that cancels only noise, allowing other ambient sounds to be heard normally. The work developed is of an experimental nature, where a noise source in an agricultural operation was analyzed, which was used as an input signal for the construction of the filter and simulation. The filter was able to perform active noise cancellation using the LMS and NLMS algorithms, but the NLMS presented better results.
The Position of Body Mass in a Network of Human Life History Indicator
Authors: Međedović Janko
Published: July 2022

Body mass is widely recognized as a morphological trait which is important for fitness optimization both in humans and other animals. Here, we propose that body mass is a part of fast life history trajectory – the fitness optimization pattern which emerges from harsh environment with a function to maximize reproductive output. To test this prediction, we measured body mass index (BMI) and a set of life history indicators in a large sample of reproductive individuals (N = 1,504; 32% males; Mage = 27.20; SD = 9.2). The data were collected via an online survey. Bivariate correlations showed that BMI was positively related to reproductive success, childhood poverty, and short-term mating success; furthermore, it was negatively associated to physical health, age of the first menarche, and economic reasons against reproduction. The Network Analysis confirmed that BMI is positively related to short-term mating success and reproductive success, and negatively to physical health and economic reasons against reproduction. Furthermore, centrality metrics showed that BMI has relatively low centrality indices, and thus represents a peripheral node in the network. The present data confirm that body mass is a morphological trait which participates in the fast life history trajectory of fitness optimization. A body mass which is slightly higher than population mean (but below obesity levels) probably represents an adaptive response to depriving economic conditions in childhood and contributes to the maximization of reproductive fitness. Finally, we highlight that the relations between body mass and life history may differ between and within species.
Odrednice stavova prema neubrojivim počiniteljima kaznenih djela
Authors: Sučić Ines , Globan Klara , Wertag Anja
Published: July 2022

Cilj je istraživanja bio ispitati povezanost i veličinu doprinosa socio-demografskih karakteristika sudionika, njihova iskustva i stavova objašnjenju procjena opasnosti, (ne)ubrojivosti i kazni počinitelja kaznenih djela (KD). Podaci su prikupljeni online, anketnim upitnikom na prigodnome uzorku od 257 punoljetnih sudionika prosječne dobi 29 godina (23.7 % muškaraca). Općenito, nakon kontrole učinka ostalih varijabli procijenjena odgovornost počinitelja/počiniteljice KD-a pokazala se najkonzistentnijim i najvažnijim prediktorom ubrojivosti i opasnosti počinitelja/počiniteljice KD-a, kao i primjerene kazne za počinjeno KD. Pripisivanje veće odgovornosti počinitelju/počiniteljici za počinjeno KD značajno pridonosi višoj procjeni ubrojivosti, opasnosti i tendenciji strožemu kažnjavanju. Veća sklonost pripisivanja kriminalnoga ponašanja vlastitomu izboru te slabije vjerovanje u učinkovitost psihijatrijskih tretmana psihički oboljelih osoba također značajno pridonose predviđanju veće ubrojivosti i veće opasnosti počinitelja/počiniteljice KD-a.
Teachers' Perceived Competence in Meeting Students' Emotional Needs during COVID-19
Authors: Pečjak Sonja , Pirc Tina
Published: July 2022

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, students and teachers found themselves in an unprecedented situation where they faced both academic and psychosocial problems. In our study, we focused on some teacher characteristics that predict their perceived competence in meeting students' emotional needs during distance learning (PSCEN-DL) and thus contribute to students' well-being. In a sample of 645 Slovenian compulsory basic education teachers, the results of the regression analysis showed that teachers' resilience and their beliefs about the importance of focusing on psychosocial relationships when returning to school explained one-fourth of the variance in their PCSEN-DL. Results from a subsample of class teachers (n = 375) who were categorised into two extreme groups (low and high) in terms of their PCSEN-DL showed that teachers with high PCSEN-DL focused more on supporting, encouraging and relaxing students. Some practical implications about the importance of developing PCSEN in teachers are discussed.
Cardioprotective effects of Ferulic acid in Streptozotocin- induced diabetic rats
Authors: Anjali Sudha , Padmakumari Soumya Neelakanta Pillai , Mondal Sukanta , Mini Saraswathy
Published: July 2022

Background: Diabetes mellitus causes changes in the structural or functional anatomy of the heart. A high blood glucose level and oxidative stress are key factors in diabetic cardiac damage. Ferulic acid (4-hydroxy-3-methoxy cinnamic acid) is a biologically active compound in many functional foods like fruits, vegetables, and medicinal herbs. It belongs to the group of cinnamic acid derivatives.Objective: In the present study, we investigated the effects of Ferulic acid (FA) on Streptozotocin-induced diabetic cardiac damage in male Sprague Dawley rats.Materials and methods: A total of 30 male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into five groups of six each. Diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of Streptozotocin (STZ) (40 mg/kg body weight). Group I consisted of normal rats (N); group II consisted of normal rats treated with FA (N+FA); group III consisted of STZ-induced diabetic rats (D), and groups IV and V consisted of STZ-induced diabetic rats treated with FA at a dose of 50 mg/kg body weight and glibenclamide at a dose of 5 mg/kg body weight respectively (N+FA and N+G) for 60 days. Rats were sacrificed after the treatment period, and blood and heart tissue were collected for analysis.Results: STZ injection significantly increased blood glucose, HbA1c, cardiac marker enzymes LDH, CK-MB, and oxidative stress in heart tissue. The oral administration of FA to diabetic rats for 60 days significantly improved diabetic markers, oxidative stress, and cardiac markers.Conclusion: The present study indicated that FA affords cardioprotective effect in diabetic rats, and this protection may be due in part to the attenuation of oxidative stress.Keywords: ferulic acid, streptozotocin, diabetes, cardiac damage, oxidative stress
Participation of a Party to the Administrative Proceedings in the Issuing of an Administrative Decision
Authors: Kędziora Robert
Published: July 2022

The model of jurisdictional procedure created by the provisions of the Code of Administrative Proceedings is accused of being inadequate for the implementation of certain tasks set for the modern public administration. In particular, it is noticed that the code solutions favour the abuse of strictly perceived power when considering and settling administrative matters. The legislator’s reaction to the thus diagnosed dysfunctionality in activities of public administration authorities is an attempt to remodel the administrative procedure in order to guarantee a more partnership-based approach of the administration to the citizens. The postulate of “partnership administration” in administrative procedure may be realised first of all by strengthening the guarantee of party’s participation in proceedings. This participation should be understood as a possibility of influencing the course of the process by the party. The research undertaken in this article focuses on the issues of character, admissible scope, degree of intensity and legal consequences of this influence in the light of new normative solutions. Influence on the course of proceedings and settling the case will be different depending on the stage at which the procedural actions are taken. In the most intensive way a party may influence the content of the resolution of the case by participating in the activities of taking evidence. Only in this sense it is possible to speak of participation in the creation of a decision. The participation of a party to the administrative proceedings in the issuance of an administrative decision should not be identified with the participation in the phase when the authority takes a decision and puts it in the form of a formalised judgment.
Legal Aspects of the Evolution of EU Security in the Context of International Law Regulations on Security
Authors: Konaszczuk Wojciech
Published: July 2022

The global legal order governing the security of states, international organizations or individuals is heterogeneous and multifaceted in nature. It clashes between the norms of international, EU and internal law. The genesis of the European Union lacked the legal basis for the creation of internal and external security structures, while normative efforts were directed towards the economic development of the organization. At the same time, within the framework of the UN, normative solutions were introduced for the prevention of breaches of peace, spheres of security within the supranational framework. Both the European Union and members of the United Nations must introduce normative solutions to combat threats, including terrorist threats, as actions to protect the European system of values and the system of the United Nations.
Consensual Model of Procedure on Granting a Consent to Voluntary Submission to Liability in Cases of Fiscal Crimes and Infractions – an Outline of the Problem
Authors: Kruk Ewa
Published: July 2022

The paper addresses the issues of the model of proceeding for granting a consent to voluntary submission to liability. An attempt was made to show the features of the consensual model of proceedings and an analysis was made of the basic condition of “payment of a public-law receivable” starting the negotiation procedure on other conditions specified in Article 146(2) of the Code of Criminal Procedure. The last part of the article contains some remarks relating to the judicial proceedings with emphasis on the “benefit” for the accused in the form of a judgment in which the court allows for voluntary submission to liability – it is not entered in the National Criminal Register and it does not constitute a condition for fiscal recidivism.
Proceedings in Relation to Absent Persons under the Fiscal Penal Code (Selected Issues)
Authors: Nowikowski Ireneusz
Published: July 2022

The paper is devoted to the discussion of the situation of the accused in the proceedings in relation to the absent, which is regulated by the Fiscal Penal Code. The author discusses the conditions which make it possible to examine the case of a person accused of fiscal offences and fiscal petty offences. The prerequisites for conducting such special proceedings are: permanent residence abroad of the perpetrator of a fiscal offence or fiscal petty offence or a situation when it is not possible to determine the place of residence or stay of the accused perpetrator (Article 173(1) of the Fiscal Penal Code). Negative conditions for these proceedings are the following situations: when the guilt of the perpetrator or circumstances of a prohibited act give rise to doubts, or when a person accused of a fiscal offence hid after the filing of a bill of indictment with the court, and also when in the course of proceedings before the court his place of residence or place of stay in the country is established (Article 173(2) of the Fiscal Penal Code). The author discusses the procedural consequences that result from the possibility of conducting proceedings against an absent defendant in cases of fiscal offences or fiscal petty offences.
With Laudato si’ Towards Deepening University Social Responsibility in Ecology
Authors: Bar Wiesław
Published: July 2022

“Everything is related,” says Pope Francis in his encyclical Laudato si’ (no. 92) to make us ponder upon whether, as academics, we think globally and act locally in the spirit of university social responsibility, including for ecology. The author discusses (i) the nature and reception of the papal document, including by the academia and lawyers; (ii) foreign initiatives aimed to apply the principles highlighted or reiterated by the pope; (iii) the importance of the law in taking care of “our common home;” and (iv) the need for ecological education of those who will make and implement the law. Regrettably, already a tentative query across the universities of the region reveals the absence of or reduced importance attached to the problems of sustainable development and ecology, both in university strategies and curricula. The establishment of a working group on university social responsibility within the Ministry of Funds and Regional Policy seems to perpetuate the business understanding of the phenomenon. On top of the many years of experience of foreign academic centres and their networks, discussed briefly by the author, a useful tool facilitating ecological education and a deeper understanding of the social responsibility of the academia in the field of sustainable development can be the papal encyclical Laudato si’.
The Development and Types of the Income Tax Construction
Authors: Bogacki Sylwester , Wołowiec Tomasz
Published: July 2022

Two basic types of income taxes have evolved in tax systems: tax cedular, also known as analytical tax, and global tax, also known as synthetic or unitary tax. Taxation of personal income has become and is one of the most important redistribution tools income of the population, allowing for the implementation of the principles of universality, justice (equality) and taxation of the so-called clean income (these three principles are the requirements of modern taxation income from natural persons in EU countries) and stimulating the desired behavior in the sphere of consumption. Therefore, income taxes have a significantly different impact on the distribution of income and wealth than taxes indirect.