bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Pelaksanaan Otonomi Daerah dan Desentralisasi Pemerintahan dalam Perspektif Undang-Undang 23 Tahun 2014 tentang Pemerintah Daerah
Authors: Muhtadin Muhtadin
Published: May 2023

This article aims to examine and describe the application of regional autonomy and decentralization in the governance process in the application of Law Number 23 of 2014 concerning Regional Government. This article was written using a normative legal research method with an emphasis on literature studies related to the decentralization system and regional autonomy. The process of decentralization and regional autonomy is very important to the regional development process in the era of autonomy. What is the role of the central and regional governments in making rules that can accommodate the interests of the community. For this reason, this autonomy is not just the scattering of government administration to achieve government efficiency and effectiveness, but autonomy is interpreted as a constitutional order (staatsrechttelijk), and not just a state administration order (administratiefrechttelijk). Decentralization and regional autonomy regarding the direction of regional general policies basically contain the targets and focus of development policies that will be pursued by regional governments in order to realize regional development agendas and priorities that have been determined based on the vision and mission of the head of the region concerned. This policy direction then needs to be in line with development goals. Therefore, there is a need for synergy between the central and regional governments as a constitutional order which is one unit
Empirisme dan Fenomenologis dalam Perspektif Filsafat Hukum Naturalism
Authors: Syafithri Firda Nisa , Rahman Fakhri Aulia , Piansah Aip , Firmansyah Diki
Published: May 2023

Legal thought is characterized by the development of legal philosophy schools of thought. The emergence of a legal school was a response or criticism of the previous legal school, or it emerged as a response to the social development of society at that time. Currents that emerge and develop in the realm of legal thought include natural law, legal positivism (pure legal theory), utilitarianism, legal realism, American sociological jurisprudence, and schools of history. The entire history of legal philosophy makes it clear that the real problem in the field of legal philosophy is none other than this problem: what is natural law? From the beginning, natural law has been the subject of legal philosophy and until today this problem always reappears in people's minds. The research method that the writer uses in this research is descriptive analytic. The author uses data collection techniques in the form of a literature study by taking into account issues related to Empiricism and Phenomenology in the Legal Perspective of Naturalism. The research results have implications for the Legal Philosophy of Naturalism which can be seen in terms of empiricism and phenomenology. Based on the theory of natural law, there are those who argue that the beginning of all goods is not owned by anyone. Such goods are called ResNullius (See Article 519 BW. which states: "Items that are not owned by anyone"). By agreement between them, humans divide these goods, thereby obtaining individual property rights.
The effectiveness of the contrarian and momentum strategies on the US REIT market
Authors: Kowalke Krzysztof
Published: May 2023

When making investment decisions in financial markets, investors use various investment strategies. The traditional ones include the contrarian strategy and the moment strategy. In recent years, one of the dynamically developing segments of the global financial market has been the American REIT market. The literature on the subject lacks research on the effectiveness of investment strategies in this market. The aim of the article is therefore to compare the effectiveness of the contrarian strategy and momentum strategy on the US REIT market in different ranking periods. Based on the data on the rates of return of individual REITs listed on public capital markets in the US, the rates of return resulting from the application of the contrarian and momentum strategies were estimated. The results of the conducted analyses showed that for the three-year ranking period, the rates of return of the portfolio composed of loser REITs significantly exceeded the rates of return of the portfolio of winner REITs. This means that during this period the use of the contrarian strategy was more effective than the use of the momentum strategy. For other analysed ranking periods, the differences in rates of return were not statistically significant. The results of the conducted analyses may help investors in choosing the most effective investment strategy on the REIT market. This research also answers the question whether the REIT market should use investment strategies that, according to research, are effective on the broad stock market, or strategies that work well on the investment fund market.
Broadband last-mile connectivity model for effective bandwidth utilization in rural and urban-underserved areas
Authors:   , Byanyuma Mastidia
Published: May 2023

Broadband last-mile connectivity is a necessary access infrastructure to bridge the digital divide which is more pronounced in rural areas and is also a means to drive the utilization of international bandwidth that is available to a country. Rural areas inhabit more than 70% of the population in Tanzania and are characterized with poor basic infrastructure and services such as roads, schools, hospitals, financial and social services. Engagement of rural communities is crucial for economic development. In the beginning of the 20th century and beyond, the major problem was to find a technology that would successfully connect the rural and remote areas cost effectively. At that time the only feasible technology for these areas were satellite and wired technologies, which required huge investment funding to connect the users; especially those in areas that have sparsely distributed population and far away from urban centres. The main objective of this research is to develop a broadband last-mile connectivity model for efficient bandwidth utilization. The study builds on the telecentre model that have since the beginning of the 20th century been introduced to serve the scattered users in the remote, rural and or underserved areas which seemed un attractive for investment. This research reviews the general status of telecommunication services provision in rural areas using Arusha, Tanzania as a case study and proposes the optimized bandwidth Rural Broadband Service Broker (RBSB) model to solve the problem of low utilization of broadband services in rural and urban-underserved areas. The proposed model not only ensures efficient utilization of resource but is also a way to aggregate users at a common centre where knowledge transfer is achieved. The study has employed qualitative and qualitative research methods for the state of art part of the study and scientific design, modelling simulation to develop the optimized bandwidth RBSB model using MATLAB software. The findings show that with proper optimization solution, it is possible to provide services in low income areas to achieve both quality and affordable price through resource sharing and utilizing the unused chunks of bandwidth using Cognitive Networks Analysis. The proposed model eliminates the high dependence on government and donor funding to reach rural areas and hence promise affordable and sustainable service provision. The recommended model requires among others the entities such as the UCSAF to consider this model as a tool to speed up the universal communication access process and hence provide initial/start-up funding, training, technical advice and Monitoring and Evaluation to those who are willing to venture into this business. This is expected to ensure the universal communication access to broadband services in rural and urban-underserved areas is achieved.
Recreational strategies to meet the needs of children and young people in situations of Covid-19 in the Morón municipality (Cuba)
Authors: Ramírez Moncada Juan Antonio , Rodríguez Torres Esteban , Zamora Reyes José Ramón
Published: May 2023

Sports, entertainment and recreation activities are significant to ensure that children and young people can achieve adequate development in their psycho-social components. This research aimed to design activities plan capable of covering both physical and recreational activities, choosing to raise the quality of life of children and young people in the municipality of Morón. The investigation occurred during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, a moment characterized by confinement or restrictions on going out to public places and the need to practice activities related to sports and healthy recreation. One of the negative consequences during this stage was the motivational and psychological affectations caused in a considerable group of people, an aspect in which inappropriate behaviors in their social and behavioral development were evidenced. To find that, a mixed approach was used in search of a more precise representation of the phenomenon and a more comprehensive vision. The main result is incorporating children and young people to active participation in their spaces, thus contributing to their extensive entertainment and improving their quality of life as a simultaneous element of community and experiential development.
Agama dan Budaya di Pusaran Globalisasi Kontemporer
Authors: Hastuti Wulan , Wibisono Muhammad Yusuf , Rahman Mohammad Taufiq
Published: May 2023

Globalisasi bukanlah hal yang asing lagi di masyarakat. Sebab, banyak sekali produk-produk globalisasi yang banyak dinikmati guna mempermudah kehidupan sehari-hari. Misalnya, kecanggihan perangkat teknologi. Namun, dalam prosesnya globalisasi tidak diterima dengan mudah begitu saja di masyarakat, kendati saat perubahan baru yang berasal dari globalisasi ini diterima, tentunya membutuhkan waktu yang tidaklah singkat, melainkan melalui serangkaian proses yang amat panjang. Tulisan ini berupaya menggali dan menelusuri proses terbentuknya eksistensi kebudayaan, yakni eksistensi dari globalisasi yang dalam prosesnya mengalami dinamika dan dialektika khususnya dengan dimensi agama. Metode penelitian ini ialah kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan kepustakaan. Adapun temuan yang berhasil didapatkan bahwa sebuah kebudayaan itu bersifat dinamis, dan kenyataan tersebut terjadi melalui proses-proses kebudayaan yang bersifat alamiah, dinamika kebudayaan juga bisa terjadi dengan bantuan peristiwa alam yang melanda manusia. Misalnya, globalisasi yang semakin dekat dengan agama berkat adanya wabah pandemi Covid-19 yang baru saja terjadi.
Oeste smart region. An intermunicipal integrated analytical territorial intelligence platform
Authors: Simões Paulo , De Castro Neto Miguel , Sarmento Pedro , Barriguinha André
Published: May 2023

Smart regions are described as an instrument to achieve sustainable planning at the regional level, promoting knowledge-based development through continuous learning as an integral part of the development of regional resources that solves challenges through the knowledgeable application of new technologies, the organization of processes and reasonable and future-proof decision-making. With this work we intend to present a territorial intelligence platform, in particular the spatial data infrastructure that supports it. Based on the potential of multiple sources and formats of data available (Big Data), from the systems of twelve Portuguese municipalities. Along with the Internet of Things and collective intelligence the developed model, sets out as an ambition to take advantage of the potential of data science and artificial intelligence, to promote a regional model of governance based on the management of information capable of leveraging the creation of a territorial intelligence center constituting a new paradigm of territorial planning and management based on facts.
CONTOS TRADICIONAIS DOS PAÍSES LUSÓFONOS – UMA EXPERIÊNCIA DE PROMOÇÃO DE EDUCAÇÃO INTERCULTURAL NO 1.º CICLO DO ENSINO BÁSICO
Authors: Dias Ana Catarina , Pires Maria da Natividade Carvalho
Published: May 2023

O presente artigo debruça-se sobre a forma como os contos tradicionais de animais de diferentes países lusófonos podem contribuir para a aquisição de aprendizagens interculturais em crianças do 1.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico. Os principais objetivos deste estudo são: promover a sensibilidade à diversidade cultural em alunos do 1.º CEB através de contos tradicionais; descrever a influência dos contos de animais dos países lusófonos em aprendizagens interculturais destes alunos; analisar a importância dos contos de animais para a motivação na aprendizagem; desenvolver atitudes de respeito pelo Outro; desenvolver atitudes de respeito pelo meio ambiente. Os contos tradicionais alimentam a imaginação dos leitores e abrem espaços simbólicos para que estes se possam compreender a si mesmos e ao mundo que os rodeia. A opção metodológica desenvolvida foi a investigação-ação, onde o investigador dá especial importância à prática e à reflexão, identificando problemas e planeando estratégias para os ultrapassar.
Fungsi Manajemen Strategi Dalam Peningkatan Status Akreditasi Rumah Sakit: Studi Teoritis
Authors: Giska Dianvayani  , Dety Mulyanti
Published: May 2023

Strategic management has a very important role and needs to be implemented in improving the accreditation status of the hospital. The strategy that has been made must be implemented properly in order to ensure development and sustainability. This strategy must be applicable to all hospital parties in order to improve service quality and accreditation status. The purpose of writing this scientific article is to find out and review from a theoretical point of view various literatures. The method used is a theoretical study by analyzing and comparing existing theories. The results of this theoretical study are the function of strategic management in improving accreditation status by carrying out procedures so that it can assist hospitals in making better plans with a more logical, rational and systematic approach for each option that will be found by forming a plan. It can be concluded that in improving the quality of health, strategic management is also needed to improve services. With accreditation strategic management, the hospital becomes the object of focus or a process of assessing and determining the eligibility of the hospital according to service standards set by an independent accreditation agency. So that it can improve the image and trust of patients in choosing health care facilities. For hospitals strategic management is very important and needs to be done optimally to support the improvement of accreditation status. So agencies improve infrastructure facilities, adequate human resources and supporting facilities.
Implementasi Model Pendidikan Karakter Melalui Pendidikan Agama Islam di SMAN 2 Ks Kota Cilegon Provinsi Banten
Authors: Suaidi  Suaidi
Published: May 2023

This paper presents the results of research on the implementation of the model for implementing character education in high schools with the case at SMAN 2 KS Cilegon City, Banten Province. the school components and Islamic religious education teachers are the main actors, with the support of conducive policies from the principal of SMAN 2 KS Cilegon City, Banten Province. The presence and involvement of campus activists through monitoring requires scrutiny and coordination that is integrated with the Islamic religious education teacher program.
Penerapan Teknologi Administrasi Dalam Knowledge Transfer Guru Di SD Inpres Boyaoge
Authors: Anggrini Anggrini  , Harnida Wahyuni Adda  , Fatlina Zainuddin
Published: May 2023

Administrasi yang diperlukan setiap guru untuk kegiatan mengajar pasti akan membantu guru dalam mengelola kegiatan mengajar agar tujuan dari kegiatan mengajar tersebut dapat tercapai. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui penerapkan teknologi administrasi dalam knowledge transfer guru yang akan dijadikan tindak lanjut untuk menerapkan teknologi administrasi dan juga untuk mengetahui perkembangan para guru dalam melengkapi administrasi menggunakan teknologi. Metode yang digunakan dalam upaya pencapaian tujuan tersebut yaitu observasi  dengan melakukakan pengamatan langsung dilapangan untuk mengetahui kondisi yang terjadi apa yang butuhkan oleh sekolah dan apa kendala yang terjadi. Melalui knowledge transfer beberapa guru yang sebelumnya kesulitan menggunakan teknologi khususnya laptop perlahan mulai bisa, mereka mulai menyusun administrasi menggunakan teknologi dan menyimpan arsip-arsip di laptop. Dalam program ini diharapkan dapat memberikan manfaat langsung kepada para guru, khususnya guru SD Inpres Boyaoge dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan, keterampilan, dalam pelengkapan administrasi menggunakan teknologi.
Peranan Merek (Labeling) Dalam Meningkatkan Penjualan Produk Olahan Instan Jahe UMKM Desa Enu Kecamatan Sindue Kabupaten Donggala
Authors: Wayan Ayu Diana Lestari  , Jurana Jurana  , Nur Riski Islianty
Published: May 2023

Penulis menyumbangkan sedikit usaha dan pemikiran untuk membantu usaha kecil bertahan dan tumbuh dalam segala situasi. UMKM Desa Magrove enu, jahe instan merupakan produk makanan dalam bentuk bubuk, minuman jahe instan digunakan untuk menciptakan produk yang hemat dan memiliki banyak manfaat kesehatan yang disukai oleh semua kalangan mulai dari anak-anak hingga orang dewasa karena sangat mudah disajikan dan bisa juga diminum untuk orang tua, muda atau bahkan anak kecil. penulis berusaha memberikan solusi dan inovasi untuk meningkatkan penjualan dan mengembangkan produk UMKM Magrove di era teknologi yang berkembang. Penulis mencoba membuat label baru untuk UKM jahe instan. . Dengan label yang menarik dapat meningkatkan minat konsumen. Konsumen lebih tertarik dengan label daripada produk yang tidak memiliki label. Label mampu menjadi identitas dan akan masuk dalam ingatan konsumen, hal ini sangat mempengaruhi konsumen jika konsumen berniat untuk membeli kembali.
Pemimpin Yang Melayani Menurut Markus 10:42-45 Dan Relevasinya Bagi Kepemimpinan Kristen Masa Kini
Authors: Anessa Mei Pasaribu  , Asima Putri Handayani Nababan  , Ibelala Gea
Published: May 2023

Leadership is the ability and readiness of a person to be able to influence, encourage, invite, demand, move and direct people or groups to receive this influence to achieve a goal. The purpose of this study is to describe servant leaders according to Mark 10:42-45 besides that, this research also provides good basic knowledge about leadership and the relevance of servant leaders for today's Christian leaders. The research method used by the author in writing this scientific work uses a qualitative research method, namely by means of literature study techniques, and case studies, namely digging up information from the Bible, books and journals regarding servant leaders according to Mark 10:42-45 and their relevance to today's Christian leadership , then confronted with the current form of application of Christian leadership as a leader who wants to serve. Namely a leader who serves, not a leader who rules with an iron fist or violence and rules with power, but a leader as a servant who has sincere feelings, is humble, has a heart as a servant, is willing to sacrifice both in time and energy. Servant leaders are leaders who give, affirm, strengthen, encourage, and sustain.
Pengaruh Tudang Sipulung dan Transparansi terhadap Kinerja Anggaran pada Pemerintah Daerah
Authors: Kurniawaty Kurniawaty , Arodhiskara Yadi
Published: May 2023

The purpose of this research is to find out the influence of tudang sipulung and transparency on budget performance in parepare city government. It is expected that this research can find a solution to the solution of not optimal budget performance managed by the Parepare City Government. The method of data analysis used in this study is path analysis. This model analyzes the direct effect and relationship between independent variables and dependent variables. The object of the research was the Local Government Organization (OPD) in Parepare City consisting of 54 SKPD (Regional Device Work Unit) with a sample number of 100 people from a population of 536 structural officials. Respondents in this study as many as 100 people. Samples are taken based on purposive random sampling techniques. The results showed that tudang sipulung and transparency affect the performance of the budget. Based on the results of the above research tudang sipulung and transparency can be a policy tool (policy tools) to improve the budget performance of the Parepare City Government
Analisis Rasio Profitabilitas sebagai Dasar Penilaian Kinerja
Authors: Ningrum Angraeni , Fadjrin Nurdjanna
Published: May 2023

The purpose of this research is to find out the company's performance using the profitability ratio method on CV. Berkat Doa Ibu. This type of research is quantitative with descriptive design. The variables in this study are the ratio of profitability and performance of the company. Data collection method consists of: interview, documentation and observation. Data analysis techniques used are profitability ratio analysis related to performance assessment based on gross profit margin (GPM), net profit margin (NPM), operating profit margin (OPM), return on equity (ROE) and return on assets (ROA) comparisons. The results of this study show that the firm performance. CV. Berkat Doa Ibu on GPM comparison is declared efficient, and also expressed efficient on NPM comparison, Firm performance. CV. Berkat Doa Ibu stated not effective for opm comparison, as well as ROE that is ineffective and for ROA seen from its performance is declared quite effective. For overall results obtained from ratio analysis includes firm performance. CV. Berkat Doa Ibu showed quite effective performance. Thus, the results of this study are expected to be useful in developing effective and efficient policies and strategies for activities in improving business profit and everything related to the company's profit.
Pengaruh Relate Marketing terhadap Kepuasan Nasabah Tabungan
Authors: Patadungan Hendriawan , Sar Ema , Dewi Siti Rahma Kumala
Published: May 2023

This study aims to (1) determine the effect of continuity marketing on customer satisfaction at PT. Bank Negara Indonesia Palopo Branch. (2) To determine the effect of individual marketing (on one-to-one marketing) on ​​customer satisfaction at PT. Bank Negara Indonesia Palopo Branch. (3) To determine the effect of the cooperation program (partnering) on ​​customer satisfaction at PT. Bank Negara Indonesia Palopo Branch. Data analysis used multiple linear regression analysis tools with questionnaire processing through SPSS version 23. The sample in this study was 100 people. Where the sample in question is a customer from PT. Bank Negara Indonesia Palopo Branch. Where the results of the research show continuous marketing has a significant effect on customer satisfaction, individual marketing (One to one marketing) has no significant impact on customer satisfaction and cooperation programs (partnering or co-marketing) have a significant and significant effect on customer satisfaction.
Literature Study: Leadership Style Principals
Authors: Amirudin Amirudin , Ismail Ismail
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat gaya kepemimpinan kepala sekolah. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitian yang berupa studi kepustakaan (library research) atau studi literatur. Kepemimpinan mencakup metode memerintah dalam memastikan niat organisasi, memotivasi sikap partisipan untuk mencapai maksud, memerintah untuk meningkatkan kelompok dan budayanya. perguruan tinggi merupakan civitas akademika yang membutuhkan garda terdepan untuk memanfaatkan potensi yang ada di lingkungan sekolah. Sikap demokratis dilihat dengan pola sikap kewajiban yang tinggi dan aturan sikap toleransi yang tinggi. Pemimpin menerapkan sifat sangat memperhatikan, baik dalam cara mendongkrak kesejahteraan guru maupun karyawannya. Dalam kepemimpinan demokratis, kepala sekolah memainkan peran yang kuat dalam memastikan kewajiban dan tanggung jawab setiap tanaga pendidik dan karyawan, dan terus melakukan pengamatan dalam proporsi yang memadai. Kepala sekolah sebagai pemimpin tertinggi yang sangat berpengaruh dan menentukan kemajuan sekolah, harus memiliki kemampuan administratif yang memiliki komitmen dan keluwesan yang tinggi dalam melaksanakan tugasnya. Kepemimpinan kepala sekolah yang baik harus berusaha untuk meningkatkan kinerja guru melalui program pelatihan kemampuan staf instruksional. Oleh karena itu kepala sekolah harus memiliki kepribadian atau sifat dan kapasitas serta keterampilan untuk memimpin suatu lembaga pendidikan.
Quality of energy-reduced muffin produced with whole-grain wheat flour, safe for diabetics’ nutrition
Authors: Grujić Slavica , Božić Snježana , Odžaković Božana
Published: May 2023

The aim of this research was developing a formulation for muffins, produced with whole-grain wheat flour, suitable and safe for nutrition of people with carbohydrate metabolism disorders (diabetics). Recommendations for diabetics’ nutrition were analysed to develop a cake of appropriate quality and safe for consumption. The following matters were determined: (a) the essential parameters of technological and sensory quality of the final product; (b) the nature and quantity of basic ingredients, making five different model-samples of muffins; (c) moisture, ash, fat, salt, starch, protein, fibre and sugar content of cakes; (d) the quality of muffins was evaluated by descriptive sensory analysis; (e) nutritive composition was compared with similar products from the market. The basic chemical composition and the achieved quality of muffin-samples were analysed after production, and the best one was selected, produced combining following ingredients: 32% whole-grain wheat flour; 30% water; 10% skimmed milk; 9% fructose; 5% sunflower oil; 6.5% eggs; 3.2% fatreduced cocoa powder; 3% yeast; 0.3% salt; 0.3% flavours (chocolate, vanilla, rum); 0.16% additives mixture. The cakes had a high overall sensory quality (4.73±0.22 points of possible 5), characteristic regular shape and volume, uniform pores distribution, moderate elasticity and moisture during chewing, uniform dark brown colour, pleasant harmonious aroma and sweetish taste of baked chocolate cake. It was concluded that the muffins were suitable and safe for diabetics nutrition regarding basic ingredients content (whole-grain wheat flour, skimmed milk, fructose, vegetable oil) and nutritional composition with reduced content of: energy 30-54%, fats 30-79%, sugar 67-80%, when compared to five similar chocolate cakes, available on the market.
Proton irradiation induced damage effects in CH3NH3PbI3-based perovskite solar cells
Authors: Xue Bin-Tao , Zhang Li-Min , Liang Yong-Qi , Liu Ning , Wang Ding-Ping , Chen Liang , Wang Tie-Shan ,   School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China,   Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalysis of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
Published: May 2023

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have a great potential for space applications due to their high specific power, low cost and high defect tolerance. PSCs used in space will be subjected to high-energy particle irradiation, especially proton irradiation, resulting in the decline of photovoltaic (PV) performance. However, the research on proton irradiation effects in PSCs is still in its infancy stage. In this work, the CH3NH3PbI3 (MAPbI3) thin films and their PSCs are irradiated by protons with energy of 0.1, 2, 10, 20 MeV, etc. Irradiation-induced changes in PV parameters of the PSCs are studied as a function of proton fluence. The structural and surface morphological changes of the irradiated MAPbI3 films and Au electrode layers of PSCs are characterized by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. In addition, UV spectrophotometer is also employed to analyze the transmission loss in glass substrate induced by proton irradiation. It is found that PSCs exhibit superior resistance against proton irradiation. The PV properties of the PSCs don’t degrade after 0.1 MeV (2 MeV) proton irradiation up to a fluence of 1×1013 p/cm2 (1×1014 p/cm2). The irradiation-induced damage in the charge transport layers may be the main cause for the performance degradation of PSCs. The gaseous products (NH3 and CH3I) of perovskite decomposition eventually lead to exfoliation of the top Au electrode from the PSCs. Regarding 10 and 20 MeV proton irradiation with larger projected ion ranges, the irradiations create color center defects in glass substrate of PSCs, which results in a decrease in light transmission of visible spectrum. However, the color center defects, specifically non-bridging oxygen hole centers, will be partly annealed at room temperature or 100 ℃, reducing the transmission loss in glass. The reported results may help predict the performance degradation of PSCs in space irradiation environment.
Radiation enhancement phenomenon of isotropic plasma layer coated cylinderical metal antenna
Authors: Li Wen-Qiu , Tang Yan-Na , Liu Ya-Lin , Ma Wei-Cong , Wang Gang ,   Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China,   Xi’an Institute of Applied Optics, Xi’an 710065, China,   University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Published: May 2023

The blackout problem suffered by hypersonic vehicles as they re-enter the atmosphere is essential for effective communication of hypersonic vehicles. Aiming to solve this problem, in this paper, we proposed an antenna–sheath–plasma layer configuration, in which a thin plasma layer covered cylindrical metal antenna model is employed to investigate the radiation enhancement phenomenon by solving the dispersion equation of electromagnetic mode under optimized parameter conditions. Analytical results show that when the neutral gas pressure is low (p = 0.5 mTorr) and the antenna radius is triple the plasma skin depth, the thickness of the sheath between the surface of metal cylindrical antenna and plasma layer is about several Debye lengths, the azimuthally symmetric wave (m = 0 mode) that propagates along the antenna surface belongs to the fast wave (the phase velocity is greater than the light speed), there exists a critical plasma frequency ωpe (or plasma density n0), above which the propagating mode becomes evanescent wave; for the propagation characteristic, there exists a critical normalized sheath thickness (ι/λDe)pha (or (ι/λDe)att), above which the phase constant (or the attenuation constant) begins to increase (or decrease) sharply, which indicates a significant change in the propagation property of the propagating mode; most importantly, when the wave frequency ω/2π = 1 GHz, sheath thickness is one tenth of the whole plasma layer thickness, owing to the electron plasma frequency resonance and antenna-sheath-plasma resonance effect, the maximum radiation intensity of the symmetric wave exhibits an elliptical-like profile near ωpe/ω = 1 and ωpe/ω ≈ 1.33, respectively, while only a single-point radiation enhancement occurs at frequencies far from GHz range. These conclusions not only provide a method to solve or alleviate the blackout problem of GHz frequency communication faced by the hypersonic vehicles when they re-enter the atmosphere, but also have potential applications in high-resolution imaging induced by plasmonic micro-nano sized enhanced radiation and high-resolution phased array antennas.
Gender Differentials in Sociability Indices among Undergraduates Psychology Students in Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife, Nigeria
Authors: Adebimpe Oluwafisayo A. , Elegbeleye Oluwatoba S. , Olasupo Matthew O. , Babatunde Stephen I. , Taiwo Oladayo A.
Published: May 2023

This study examines the impact of gender differentials on sociability indices among undergraduate students in a Nigerian university. The findings of this study focused on individual factors inherent in developing good social skills. An understanding of people’s perceptions of social interaction and the role played by their belief system would help in planning intervention programmes that should be beneficial to society. Generally, dominance is usually difficult to be established in a social group without the group members’ attention. Males have been found to assume dominance in relationships by utilizing verbal interruption. They are more likely to use conversation as a method of gaining information and establishing status Females may report higher levels of trust in short-duration virtual teams because they are initially more trusting. 

The findings revealed that there was a gender difference between male and female students in terms of sociability. The mean scores of the male students among the items were higher than that of female students. There was a statistically significant difference between the scores (t = 1.723, df = 48, p < 0.01), (t = 1.033, df = 48, p < 0.036). The mean scores of the female students among the items were lower than that of male students on Gender differences and Gender sensitivity in friendship making. There was a statistically significant difference between the scores (t=2.269, df = 47, p < 0.00).   The result of the one-way analysis of variance showed that there was a significant relationship between the sex of the student and attitude towards making and keeping friends (F (1, 48 = 4.112, p < 0.048). There was a significant relationship between the tribe of the student and having opposite sex friend  (F (1, 47 = 4.830, p < 0.033).There was also a significant relationship between religion (F (2, 46 = 4.147, p < 0.02) and tribe (F (2, 46 = 5.928, p < 0.01) of the students with sociable characteristics.  The study concluded that gender differential is an important factor in establishing consistency and feelings of connectedness among individuals. The findings also gave an insight to the understanding of psychological processes that underlie the adoption of positive social identity.
Rare Case of Colonic Perforation From Disseminated Fungal Infection in Immunocompetent Patient
Authors: Cheong Ju Yong , Faraj Shadi
Published: May 2023

Introduction

Fungal infection is a serious complication seen in immunosuppressed patients. Fungal dissemination and infection of the intestine is a rare complication noted in the literature. We report an extremely rare case of colonic perforation from dissemination fungal infection in an immunocompetent patient.

Case presentation

A 76-year-old man presented with a 1-week history of pneumonia-like symptoms of fever, lethargy, productive cough, and night sweats. On examination he was hypotensive and hypoxic. Chest X-ray showed bilateral diffuse consolidation. Peripheral blood showed raised white cell count and inflammatory markers. His background history included chronic lymphocytic leukemia for which he has been in remission for over 7 years. Preliminary diagnosis of pneumonia was made and the patient was started on intravenous antibiotics. His condition deteriorated over the course of 3 weeks, culminating in multi-organ failure, including acute renal failure requiring dialysis, respiratory failure requiring intubation, and hypotension requiring inotropic support. Culture of bronchial washing revealed growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida glabrata. On the 19th day of admission, the patient's condition further deteriorated with colonic perforation and feculent peritonitis. Emergency laparotomy with removal of involved colon and end colostomies were performed. Histopathology of the involved colon showed 1.5 cm perforation with inflammatory infiltration. Histopathologic staining showed angioinvasive fungal infection with Aspergillus.

Discussion/conclusion

Aspergillus usually spreads hematogenously from the lungs. Gastrointestinal involvement is difficult to diagnose as the symptoms are often vague and masked by other systemic symptoms. Computed tomography scan can show bowel wall thickening. However, often the diagnosis is only made postoperatively.
Physician Electronic Health Record Use After Changes in US Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services Documentation Requirements
Authors: Maisel Natalya , Thombley Robert , Overhage J. Marc , Blake Kathleen , Sinsky Christine A. , Adler-Milstein Julia
Published: May 2023

This cohort study examines changes in physician electronic health record (EHR) documentation time before and after changes in Centers for Medicare & Medicaid evaluation and management requirements.
Learning to cyberbully: Longitudinal relations between cyberbullying attitudes and perpetration and the moderating influence of participant sex: A brief report
Authors: Barlett Christopher P. , Coyne Sarah M.
Published: May 2023

Scholars have contended that cyberbullying perpetration is a learned social behavior, and one way to show evidence for cyberbullying learning is to test the longitudinal reciprocal relationships between cyberbullying behavior and related cyberbullying‐related cognitions (e.g., attitudes). A paucity of research has tested these learning tenets, and no research that we are aware of has examined the moderating role of sex. The current study used a two‐wave longitudinal design with US youth. Participants completed measures of cyberbullying attitudes and perpetration. Results showed that early cyberbullying attitudes and behavior predicted later cyberbullying attitudes and behavior; however, and most importantly, sex moderated those relationships. Males had stronger longitudinal relationships than females. Results are interpreted regarding theory.
Risk of Major Adverse Cardiovascular Event Following Incident Hospitalization for Acute Gout: A Western Australian Population‐Level Linked Data Study
Authors: Lopez Derrick , Dwivedi Girish , Nossent Johannes , Preen David B. , Murray Kevin , Raymond Warren , Inderjeeth Charles , Keen Helen I.
Published: May 2023

Background

Cardiovascular disease is the most common cause of death in people with gout. Acute inflammation, which is a characteristic of gout, may have a mechanistic role in major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs). We aimed to examine the relationship between admissions to a hospital with acute gout and MACEs in a large population‐based data set.

Methods

We extracted data from the Hospital Morbidity Data Collection and Death Registrations of the Western Australian Rheumatic Disease Epidemiology Registry. We identified patients admitted to hospital with incident acute gout and who had admissions or a death record because of MACEs. We compared the risk of MACEs during the postdischarge period (1‐30 days after acute gout admission) and control period (365 days prior to admission and 365 days after the postdischarge period) using a self‐controlled case‐series (SCCS) design, which is a within‐person design that controls for time‐invariant patient‐specific confounding. We performed conditional fixed‐effects Poisson regression to obtain rate ratios (RRs).

Results

We identified 941 patients (average age: 76.4 years; SD: 12.6; 66.7% male) with an incident acute gout admission and documented MACEs during the control and/or postdischarge periods. Of the 941 patients, 898 (95%) experienced MACEs during the combined control period (730‐day period) and 112 (12%) during the postdischarge period (30‐day period). The rates of MACEs during the total control and postdischarge periods were 0.84 and 1.45 events per person‐year, respectively. Regression analysis confirmed increased rate during the postdischarge period (RR: 1.67; 95% CI: 1.38‐2.03) compared with the control period. Sensitivity analyses indicated that our results were robust in relation to known limitations of the SCCS design.

Conclusion

We report an increased risk of MACEs in the first 30 days after an incident hospital admission with acute gout, suggesting a temporal association between acute inflammation and subsequent MACEs in patients with gout.
Balancing COVID‐19 Risk With Physical and Mental Wellness: Perspectives of Patients With Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases Throughout the Pandemic
Authors: Rapoport Chelsea , Wells Courtney , Torres Guadalupe , Ortiz‐Maldonado Reynaldo , Venkatachalam Shilpa , Stradford Laura , Gavigan Kelly , Boyd‐Floering Barbara , Danila Maria I. , Nowell W. Benjamin , Carandang Kristine
Published: May 2023

Objective

Patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases (ARDs) are at greater risk of COVID‐19 infection and hospitalization, increasing the stress and uncertainty already associated with unpredictable conditions. These may be heightened for patients with ARDs from underrepresented minority backgrounds. This study aimed to explore patient experiences and ARD‐related challenges during the first year of the pandemic.

Methods

Between December 2020 and May 2021, 60‐minute semistructured interviews were conducted with English‐ and Spanish‐speaking adults, aged 18 years or older with self‐reported diagnosis of ARD, via phone or videoconferencing using an interview guide on living with an ARD during the pandemic. Analysis combined methods of phenomenology and content analysis through three steps: 1) summarizing interviews, 2) iteratively refining units of meaning, and 3) axial and selective coding to determine cross‐cutting themes. Study procedures were conducted by a multidisciplinary team, a majority also diagnosed with ARDs.

Results

The research team interviewed 22 patients (39.8 ± 15.7 years old; 82.8% female; 31.8% Hispanic or Latino/a/x) with ARDs. Themes included 1) information access and understanding, 2) problem solving access to health care, 3) balancing risks, and 4) mental health implications. Within these themes, patients from underrepresented minority backgrounds faced unique challenges.

Conclusion

Patients with ARDs require direct and timely communication about their risk of COVID‐19 morbidity and mortality and require increased support for psychosocial and ARD‐related implications of the pandemic. Health care systems must consider ways to support patients who are balancing chronic disease management with risk reduction for contracting emerging COVID‐19 variants.
Flexible and Dual‐Sided Available Colored Films for Efficient Daytime Radiative Cooling
Authors: Zhang Jia Wen , Pan Bi Cheng , Xu Lang , Zuo Tian , Xu Shuai , Xu Tian Qi , Zhong Shen Jie , Yang Xiao Quan , Cai Ying , Yi Ling Min
Published: May 2023

Passive daytime radiative cooling (PDRC) is a promising strategy to realize surface cooling of objects without any external energy consumption. While such materials typically exhibit dazzling white appearances, developing pleasingly looking colored radiative cooling materials is greatly significant but remains an arduous challenge. Herein, self‐standing, flexible colored films available on both sides are prepared by using a facile and scalable strategy. The films are asymmetrically designed. One side is SiO2‐filled porous structure with highly reflective pigment distributed that can selectively reflect solar light to generate specific color, and the other side is hierarchically porous three‐phase composite with less SiO2, which maximizes the solar reflection. The breathable film achieves a relatively high near infrared reflectance on the colored side (up to 89%), and a broadband solar reflectance on the reverse side. Moreover, both sides exhibit extremely high mid‐infrared emissivity (98%) allowing significant radiative heat loss. With the diverse but efficient reflectance and emittance, different sides of three colored films yield temperature drops ranging from 2.0 to 11.1 °C during daytime. Building energy simulation indicates that 655 MJ m−2 energy can be saved over the whole summer if the dual‐sided available colored film is deployed in China.
Mechanism of Low‐Temperature Brittle–Ductile Transition of Polypropylene/Low‐Density Polyethylene Blend Foam under Compressive Stress Caused by Cell Stretching
Authors: Wu Bu-Yong , Li Ya-Ning , Yang Jian-Ming , Zhou Ying-Guo
Published: May 2023

To enhance the low‐temperature toughness of polypropylene/low density polyethylene (PP/LDPE) blend, which is a crucial blend for polyolefin material with wide applications in frigid regions, the PP/LDPE blend foam with stretched cells is fabricated via a facile injection foaming together with open‐mold stretching process. During the open‐mold stretching, the relatively miscible PP and LDPE chains are debonded, and then the stretched and oriented cells structure with lots of tiny interphase cavities between the PP and LDPE phases and the fine lamellae are formed in the foam system. Such interphase cavities provide an adequate movement space for the frozen PP and LDPE chains and lamellae, and effectively relaxed and transferred stress, which greatly promote the uniform compressive behavior accompanied by the completely compacted cells at −25 °C. Moreover, the compressive fracture surface changes from relatively flat and smooth for the stretched PP foam to obvious yield folds and deformation for the stretched blend foam, and the compressive strain of stretched PP/LDPE blend foam is highly enhanced by a roughly 31%, 53%, and 44% increase than that of PP, PP/LDPE, and stretched PP foam samples, respectively, achieving the low‐temperature brittle–ductile transition for PP.
Chirality‐Induced Spin Selectivity: An Enabling Technology for Quantum Applications
Authors: Chiesa Alessandro , Privitera Alberto , Macaluso Emilio , Mannini Matteo , Bittl Robert , Naaman Ron , Wasielewski Michael R. , Sessoli Roberta , Carretta Stefano
Published: May 2023

Molecular spins are promising building blocks of future quantum technologies thanks to the unparalleled flexibility provided by chemistry, which allows the design of complex structures targeted for specific applications. However, their weak interaction with external stimuli makes it difficult to access their state at the single‐molecule level, a fundamental tool for their use, for example, in quantum computing and sensing. Here, an innovative solution exploiting the interplay between chirality and magnetism using the chirality‐induced spin selectivity effect on electron transfer processes is foreseen. It is envisioned to use a spin‐to‐charge conversion mechanism that can be realized by connecting a molecular spin qubit to a dyad where an electron donor and an electron acceptor are linked by a chiral bridge. By numerical simulations based on realistic parameters, it is shown that the chirality‐induced spin selectivity effect could enable initialization, manipulation, and single‐spin readout of molecular qubits and qudits even at relatively high temperatures.
Sequential Co‐Passivation in InAs Colloidal Quantum Dot Solids Enables Efficient Near‐Infrared Photodetectors
Authors: Xia Pan , Sun Bin , Biondi Margherita , Xu Jian , Atan Ozan , Imran Muhammad , Hassan Yasser , Liu Yanjiang , Pina Joao M. , Najarian Amin Morteza , Grater Luke , Bertens Koen , Sagar Laxmi Kishore , Anwar Husna , Choi Min‐Jae , Zhang Yangning , Hasham Minhal , García de Arquer F. Pelayo , Hoogland Sjoerd , Wilson Mark W. B. , Sargent Edward H.
Published: May 2023

III‐V colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) are promising materials for optoelectronic applications, for they avoid heavy metals while achieving absorption spanning the visible to the infrared (IR). However, the covalent nature of III‐V CQDs requires the development of new passivation strategies to fabricate conductive CQD solids for optoelectronics: this work shows herein that ligand exchanges, previously developed in II‐VI and IV‐VI quantum dots and employing a single ligand, do not fully passivate CQDs, and that this curtails device efficiency. Guided by density functional theory (DFT) simulations, this work develops a co‐passivation strategy to fabricate indium arsenide CQD photodetectors, an approach that employs the combination of X‐type methyl ammonium acetate (MaAc) and Z‐type ligands InBr3. This approach maintains charge carrier mobility and improves passivation, seen in a 25% decrease in Stokes shift, a fourfold reduction in the rate of first‐exciton absorption linewidth broadening over time‐under‐stress, and leads to a doubling in photoluminescence (PL) lifetime. The resulting devices show 37% external quantum efficiency (EQE) at 950 nm, the highest value reported for InAs CQD photodetectors.