bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La automatización de los servicios públicos de protección social: análisis de los riesgos para sus titulares
Authors: Lourenço Mendes Beatriz
Published: April 2024

El ejercicio de derechos en el entorno virtual plantea preocupaciones constitucionales debido a la incapacidad de las Constituciones analógicas para regular las numerosas relaciones en la cibersociedad, con nuevos actores transnacionales. En cuanto a los derechos sociales, el artículo se centra en la responsabilidad del Poder Público en la protección social, analizando la asistencia y previdência social. Ante la digitalización creciente de la relación Estado-ciudadano, el trabajo aborda la pregunta: "¿Cuáles son los riesgos para los titulares de derechos al emplear inteligencia artificial en decisiones sobre derechos de previdência y asistencia?". Se adopta un enfoque hipotético-deductivo, buscando compatibilizar la inteligencia artificial con los principios del derecho público para proteger los derechos fundamentales. La investigación, de carácter exploratorio y teórico, identifica cinco riesgos: 1) intereses económicos de empresas privadas; 2) la retirada progresiva del Estado en derechos fundamentales; 3) la vigilancia y segregación ciudadana a través de la integración de bases de datos públicas; 4) la simplificación excesiva de la norma en lenguaje algorítmico; 5) la excesiva confianza en sistemas automatizados. Respecto a los riesgos primero, tercero y quinto, se sugiere un marco legal para la inteligencia artificial, similar al que desarrolla la Unión Europea. Sin embargo, se requieren investigaciones más amplias para abordar las consecuencias negativas relacionadas con el segundo y cuarto riesgos.
A resistência Guarani-Kaiowá: da invasão europeia ao século XXI
Authors: Estivalet Anelise Gregis
Published: April 2024

No âmbito das discussões suscitadas acerca do julgamento do Marco Temporal no Supremo Tribunal Federal, este artigo busca problematizar as questões decorrentes das práticas colonialistas e estatais implementadas junto aos povos indígenas do Brasil, desde a invasão europeia, particularmente em relação aos indígenas Guaranis-Kaiowás, atualmente residentes na Terra Indígena da Dourados, no Mato Grosso do Sul. Além disso, também debateremos sobre os movimentos de reocupação territorial realizados pelos Guaranis-Kaiowás nas últimas décadas.
Effects of Metacognitive Intervention on Executive Dysfunction in Patients With Acquired Brain Injury: A Systematic Reivew
Authors:   The Korean Society of Occupational Therapy, Jeong Cheol-Hoon , Kwon Jae-Sung
Published: April 2024

Objective: This study aimed to examine the latest evidence for the role of metacognitive intervention in improving executive dysfunction in patients with acquired brain injury(ABI). To this end, we conducted a systematic review of Korean and international randomized controlled trials (RCTs), extracted intervention details, and analyzed the results. Methods: This study used PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, KCI, KISS, and RISS to search for Korean and international literature published from January 2015 to November 2022. Seven studies were selected for the final analysis according to the PRISMA checklist, and the results were presented using the PICOS method. The PEDro scale was used to evaluate the quality of the selected studies. Results: Of the 611 retrieved studies, seven were selected (n = 347), which were all “good” in quality. In assessments of executive function, activities of daily living and participation, the interventions that showed significant differences between groups after the intervention were Cognitive Orientation to daily Occupational Performance and Error-Based Learning Conclusion: This study is clinically significant as we have improved the level of evidence power for metacognitive intervention in patients with ABI by selecting only well-designed RCTs. In summary, this study provides evidence to support the use of metacognitive intervention to treat executive dysfunction in patients with ABI.
Systematic Review of Empowerment Programs for Family Caregivers
Authors:   The Korean Society of Occupational Therapy, Yoo Sang Hee , Hong Ickpyo
Published: April 2024

Objective: In this study, we analyzed the characteristics of empowerment programs for family caregivers through a literature review.
Methods: PubMed and Embase were used to search for papers published between January 2013 and May 2023. The main search terms included 'empowerment program,' 'caregiver,' 'caregivers,' and 'family caregiver.' Out of 420 search results, 5 foreign papers were selected using the evidence-level hierarchy for evidence-based practice and PEDro scale. An analysis of the studies was presented using the PICO framework.
Results: The subjects of the selected paper were caregivers of patients with dementia, mild cognitive impairment, stroke, and multiple sclerosis. Over a period of 4 days to 12 weeks, education, counseling, and discussions were provided to family caregivers. Intervention was found to be effective in areas such as depression, quality of life, caregiving burden, caregiving attitude, and self-efficacy.
Conclusion: Through this study, it was confirmed that an intervention of a empowerment program for family caregivers of chronic patients in adults and the elderly was effective. The results provide information and grounds for clinical use of intervention programs for family caregivers as well as further research.
Analysis of Occupational Network Structures in Male Patients With Spinal Cord Injury
Authors:   The Korean Society of Occupational Therapy, Son Sungmin , Jeon Byoungjin , Park Hangul
Published: April 2024

Objective: This study analyzed the structures of occupational networks in male patients with spinal cord injury (SCI) using social network analysis. Methods: This study included 12 male patients with SCI. The structures of the occupational networks were analyzed using social network analysis and by dividing the analysis indicators for network distribution and centrality. The items of the activities of daily life were investigated using the activity items in the community health survey, and the intensity of activities was assessed using a 10-point satisfaction scale. Results: The network distribution showed a density of 0.60 (60%), mean degree of 8.4, mean distance of 1.4, inclusiveness of 1.0 (100%), and no isolated nodes. In the results, both the centrality of in-degree and out-degree were high in the order of participatory activity, personal health care, and social activities. Regarding betweenness centrality, personal healthcare was ranked the highest, followed by social activities, and leisure activities. Conclusion: The results can be used as basic information for patients with SCI to help them adapt to their communities and make healthy lifestyle choices. Using the results, interventions and therapeutic approaches should be considered to expand their occupational performance from their limited opportunities and achieve occupational balance.
A Systematic Review on the Effect of DIR/FLOORTIME Intervention for Children With Autistic Spectrum Disorder
Authors:   The Korean Society of Occupational Therapy, Kim Ki-Eun , Yoo Eun-Young
Published: April 2024

Objective: This study aimed to identify the effects, dependent variables, and protocols of the DIR/FLOORTIME intervention in children with autistic spectrum disorder. Methods: Databases were collected using Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Excerpta Media Database, MEDLINE, and Google Scholar. Studies were selected according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses flowchart. Ultimately, 11 studies were included in the final analysis. These selected studies were evaluated using the qualitative level model of evidence-based studies suggested by Arbesman et al. in 2008. Results: Four randomized controlled studies corresponded to level I. The level of evidence for DIR/FLOORTIME was high. The dependent variables of the DIR/FLOORTIME intervention were communication and emotion, parental stress, autism severity, sensory processing, developmental milestones, cognition, language, and play. Significant results were obtained for all studies. Conclusion: This study investigated the application of the DIR/FLOORTIME intervention technique in children with autism spectrum disorder, and the basis for future strategies and protocols for using the DIR/FLOORTIME interventions in these children were presented.
Systematic Review of Time-related Intervention in Occupational Therapy
Authors:   The Korean Society of Occupational Therapy, Kwak Bo-Kyeong , Kim Eun Ji , Park Hae Yean
Published: April 2024

Objective: This study aimed to systematically review and analyze the effects of time-related interventions. Methods: Using the Research Information Sharing Service, DBpia, PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science and CINAHL databases, we searched for “Disability”, “Time Management”, “Time Assistive Device”, and “Intervention”, and “Program” in Journals from 2000 to 2020. A systematic review was conducted using PRISMA 2020 and the quality of the study was evaluated through PEDro. A total of nine studies were collected.
Results: For all nine studies, time-related interventions provided by occupational therapists significantly improved time skills. Additionally, improvements were observed in cognition/daily life functions, occupational performance, and psychosocial factors. These interventions included time-skill training and time-assistive devices for people with disabilities. Conclusion: Rehabilitation treatment using time-related interventions can be a useful tool with positive effects on time-processing ability and time management. This is expected to be used as clinical evidence in the domestic occupational therapy field.
Effects of Individual Occupation-based Reminiscence Therapy at Home on Cognitive Function and Activities of Daily Living of the Elderly With Mild Dementia: A P ilot Rand omized Controlled Trial
Authors:   The Korean Society of Occupational Therapy, Jung Ha Yeong , Kwon Jae Sung
Published: April 2024

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of individual occupation-based reminiscence therapy (IOBRT) at home and in dementia care centers (DCC) on cognitive function (CF) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) among elderly people with mild dementia in the community. Methods: Ten elderly individuals with mild dementia were randomly assigned to five in either an experimental group (EG) or a control group (CG). The EG received IOBRT at home, and the CG received IOBRT at the DCC. IOBRT was provided for 60 minutes per session, once a week, for a total of 10 sessions. The Allen Cognitive Level Screen (ACLS) was used to measure changes in CF, and the Seoul-Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (S-IADL) scale was used to evaluate IADL levels.
Results: After the intervention, the EG showed significant improvement in both the ACLS and S-IADL scores, but the CG showed improvement only in the S-IADL scores. There was a significant difference between the groups in the ACLS but not in the S-IADL. Conclusion: In this pilot study, IOBRT at home was confirmed to have a short-term improvement on CF and can be used as evidence for home-visit cognitive programs in Korea.
Intervention Related to Social Isolation of the Older Adults Living Alone: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors:   The Korean Society of Occupational Therapy, Yoo Soo Yeon , Kim Ah-Ram , Park Ji-Hyuk
Published: April 2024

Objective: This study aimed to analyze research on social isolation intervention for the older adults living alone, find effective social isolation intervention techniques and provide basic data for effective application of these interventions. Methods: Databases from SCOPUS, Web of Science, Research Information Sharing Service, and CINAHL, which contained studies from January 2012 to January 2023, were searched through using the search terms, “social isolation” AND (“older” OR “elder” OR “aged” OR “geriatric”) AND (“living alone” OR “live alone”) AND “intervention”. Ultimately, five studies were selected for further analysis. Results: Four of the five selected studies provided interventions related to social interactions, and one provided computer-based interventions. As a result of the intervention, social isolation and loneliness were reduced, and effects such as increasing social support, improving environmental quality of life, and improving life satisfaction were also reported. Conclusion: This study investigated interventions for older adults living alone who complained of social isolation. This information can be used as a basis for effective social isolation interventions in occupational therapy.
ÖZ ŞEFKAT İLE İNTİHAR BİLİŞLERİ ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİ: UMUTSUZLUĞUN ARACI ROLÜ
Authors: Yücel Mustafa , Camadan Fatih
Published: April 2024

Bu araştırmada öz şefkat ile intihar bilişleri arasındaki ilişkide umutsuzluğun aracı rolünün olup olmadığı incelenmektedir. Araştırmaya yaşları 17-30 arasında değişen 231 kişi katılmıştır. Katılımcılar, 95’i (%41.1) 17-21 yaş aralığında, 87’si (%37.7) 22-25 yaş aralığında ve 49’u (%21.2) 26-30 yaş aralığında bireyden oluşmaktadır. Araştırmaya katılan bireylerin 154’ü kadın (%66.7) ve 77’si erkektir (%33.3). Araştırmada Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Öz Şefkat Ölçeği, İntihar Bilişleri Ölçeği ve Beck Umutsuzluk Ölçeği kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Araştırmanın verileri Yapısal Eşitlik Modeli ile analiz edilmiştir. Yapılan analizlerin sonucuna göre öz şefkat ile umutsuzluk arasında negatif, orta düzeyde ve anlamlı bir ilişkinin olduğu ortaya koyulmuştur. Ayrıca öz şefkat ile intihar bilişleri arasında da negatif, orta düzeyde ve anlamlı bir ilişkinin olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bununla birlikte öz şefkat ile intihar bilişleri arasındaki ilişkide umutsuzluğun tam aracı rolünün olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Araştırmanın sonuçlarından hareketle genç yetişkinler ve beliren yetişkinler gibi çeşitli risk gruplarındaki bireylere yönelik intihar risk faktörlerini önleme, umutsuzluğu azaltma ve öz şefkati ve umudu artırma temelli psikoeğitim programlarının uygulanması önerilmiştir.
SEÇİLMİŞ OECD ÜLKELERİNDE EKONOMİK BÜYÜMENİN KAMU HARCAMALARI ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ: AMPİRİK BİR UYGULAMA
Authors: Kaya Perihan Hazel , Evren Sümeyra
Published: April 2024

Devletler, toplumsal ihtiyaçları karşılamak ve aynı zamanda sosyal ve ekonomik hayata müdahale ederek refah seviyesini artırmak amacıyla harcamalar yapmaktadır. Kamu harcamaları olarak ifade edilen bu harcamaların büyüklüğü ve kompozisyonu ise ülkelerin sahip olduğu sosyoekonomik koşullara göre farklılıklar gösterebilmektedir. Bir ekonomide iktisadi büyüme performansına bağlı olarak bireylerin artan kişisel geliri, kamu hizmetlerine olan talebin hız kazanmasına yol açabilmektedir. Dolayısıyla iktisadi büyüme, artan kamu hizmetleri talebi üzerinden kamu harcamalarına yansıyabilmektedir. Ayrıca konjonktürel dalgalanmaların daralma aşamasında ekonomik faaliyetlere hız kazandırabilmek için talep yönlü politikaların kullanılması da gerekebilmektedir. Büyüme dönemlerinde ise benzer politikalara gerek olup olmadığı hem kuramsal hem de ampirik olarak incelenmesi gereken bir durumdur. Bu bağlamda ekonomik büyümeden kamu harcamalarına doğru da bir nedensel bağıntının olabileceği değerlendirilmektedir. Bunlara ilave olarak kamu harcamaları için nüfus da önemli bir belirleyici kabul edilir. Çünkü artan nüfusun ihtiyaçlarını karşılamak için devletlerin daha fazla harcama yapmaları gerekir. Bu çalışmanın amacı; ekonomik büyümenin kamu harcamaları üzerindeki etkisinin seçilmiş 21 OECD ülkesi için 1995-2021 dönemine ait yıllık veriler doğrultusunda panel sabit etkiler ve panel rassal etkiler modelleri kullanılarak test etmektedir. Ekonometrik bulgular, nüfustaki artışın kamu harcamalarını istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ve pozitif etkilediğini; ekonomik büyümenin ise kamu harcamalarını istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ve negatif etkilediğini göstermiştir.
Application of Acid Activated Ouw’s Natural Clay (ONC) on Adsorption of Methylene Blue Dye
Authors: Bijang Catherina Manukpadang , Male Yustinus Thobias , Joris Shielda Natalia , Wattimena Chrismenda Kartini
Published: April 2024

The application of natural clay as an adsorbent has been widely used. This is supported by the porous surface texture of the clay. However, some treatments are needed to remove impurities in natural clay before using it as an adsorbent. The common effort is to activate it with acid. This research studied the effect of hydrochloric acid concentration on the adsorption capacity of methylene blue dye. The concentrations of hydrochloric acid used were 2, 3, and 4 M. Characterization was carried out with IR, XRD, and SEM-EDX spectroscopy to see the differences in ONC characters before and after adding hydrochloric acid. The characterization results showed that ONC contained montmorillonite and quartz, and an increase in base distance was directly proportional to the increase in the concentration of hydrochloric acid used. High concentrations of hydrochloric acid caused excessive dealumination and deionization. The dealumination process was supported by IR data where there was a shift in wavenumber in the Al-O stretching vibration region from 796 cm–1 to 794 cm–1; the sharper the vibration in the Si-O region (488-468 cm–1); there was also an increase in the Si/Al ratio of pure ONC from 1.7497 to 2.2970 for 3 M ONC-HCl. The concentration of hydrochloric acid did not significantly affect the capacity of ONC as an adsorbent for methylene blue. The adsorption capacity of pure ONC obtained was 4.97215 mg/g, while for ONC-HCl 3 M was 4.97746 mg/g.
Optimization of Cadmium Removal Using Tetraethylene Glycol-Modified Silica-Based Adsorbent via Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Linda Roza , Abdullah Abdullah , Daud Afrianto , Indriyani Lisa Aprilia , Purwaningsih Henny , Rafi Mohamad , Lim Lee Wah
Published: April 2024

In solid-phase extraction for preconcentration, silica (Si) is the most commonly used as an adsorbent. However, the selectivity and effectiveness of silica gel adsorption on metal ions are low, so it needs to be modified to improve the adsorption capability. The modification was done using reflux and oven heating in the modification silica with 3-glycidoxypropyl trimethoxysilane (GPTMS) and tetraethylene glycol (TEG). A central composite design batch process determined the optimum conditions for cadmium adsorption. TEG-modified silica was successfully synthesized and characterized using FTIR spectroscopy, SEM, and elemental analyzers. Peaks of C-H and epoxy on FTIR spectra showed that Si- GPTMS was formed. The increase of %C and %H from the first to the second step indicated that Si-TEG was successfully synthesized. There was no significant difference in silica particle morphology on SEM before and after modification. The reflux method gave a higher yield compared to the heating method. The constant stirring by the magnetic bar and solvent cycle in the reflux method catalyzed the reaction. This study found that at pH 7, 30 mg of adsorbent weight at 35°C and 22 minutes of contact time were optimum Cd2+ adsorption conditions. As the weight of the adsorbent increases, the adsorption capacity decreases. Contact time and temperature have no significant effect on Cd adsorption by Si-TEG.
KLEŇOVÁ, V. Darovanie s príkazom v rímskom práve
Authors: Brťková Adéla
Published: April 2024

Book review on KLEŇOVÁ, V. Darovanie s príkazom v rímskom práve. Praha: Leges, 2019, 362 s.
Zdeněk Kratochvíl: od občanského zákoníku (1964) k zákonu o soudní rehabilitaci (1968)
Authors: Kabát Jan
Published: April 2024

This article deals with the life and career of a lesser-known personality of Zdeněk Kratochvíl (1922–2012), a civil servant, legislator, university lecturer and writer who contributed to the formation of the new concept of socialist civil law and other issues related to the fixation of the so-called consolidation of socialist legality and the people’s judiciary according to the requirements of Central Committee of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia. The article looks at Kratochvíl’s legal career among others through the lens of two important contemporary Czechoslovak regulations (the Civil Code of 1964 and the Judicial Rehabilitation Act of 1968) which implementation he personally participated. While the first named statute brought him to the top of his career the second heralded his steep fall.
Evaluation of saline water effects on use efficiency and soil nutrient availability of maize (Zea mays L.) under drip fertigation
Authors: Govada Divya Sree , Anny Mrudhula.K  , Medida Sunil Kumar, , Ramesh G  , Kishore Babu, G  , Siddartha Naik, B
Published: April 2024

A field experiment was conducted during the rabi season of 2022-23 at the Saline Water Scheme, Agricultural College Farm, Bapatla. The study’s objective was to evaluate the effects of saline water on nutrient use efficiency and soil nutrient availability in maize under drip fertigation. The experiment consisted of eight treatments and four replications, arranged in a randomized block design. Irrigation with the best available water along with the application of a recommended dose of fertilizer (240-80-80 NPK kg ha-1) recorded the highest uptake of N (88.2 and 62.4 kg ha-1), P (21.2 and 16.20 kg ha-1), and K (25.4 and 126.7 kg ha-1) in grain and stover of maize, respectively, which were at par with the alternate use of fresh water with saline water of 2 dS m-1. Nutrient use efficiencies, i.e., agronomic efficiency (7.4, 18.4, and 18.4 kg kg-1), physiological efficiency (85.2, 225.3, and 159.4 kg kg-1), apparent recovery efficiency (22.5, 17.0 and 48.7 %) and utilization efficiency (15.7, 39.1 and 39.1 kg kg-1) of N, P, and K, respectively, were also observed to be the highest under irrigation with the best available water along with a recommended dose of fertilizer application. Soil pH remained unaffected with saline water irrigation, whereas the EC of the soil was the highest under irrigation with saline water of 4 dS m-1 without the application of fertilizers. Soil-available nitrogen, phosphorous, and potassium were most elevated under irrigation with the best available water, with values of 152.5, 36.3, and 352.8 kg ha-1 respectively. The lowest values of nutrient uptake, nutrient use efficiencies, and soil available nutrients were recorded under irrigation with a water salinity of 4 dS m-1 without applying fertilizers. The use of a cyclical approach in utilizing both freshwater and saline water has demonstrated its effectiveness in mitigating the adverse effects of salts, resulting in enhanced efficiency in nutrient utilization and greater accessibility of soil nutrients.
A degenerate migration-consumption model in domains of arbitrary dimension
Authors: Winkler Michael
Published: April 2024

In a smoothly bounded convex domain

Ω
⊂

R

n

${\Omega}\subset {\mathbb{R}}^{n}$

with n ≥ 1, a no-flux initial-boundary value problem for

u

t

=
Δ

u
ϕ

(

v

)

,

v

t

=
Δ
v
−
u
v
,

$$\begin{cases}_{t}={\Delta}\left(u\phi \left(v\right)\right),\quad \hfill \\ {v}_{t}={\Delta}v-uv,\quad \hfill \end{cases}$$

is considered under the assumption that near the origin, the function ϕ suitably generalizes the prototype given by

ϕ

(

ξ

)

=

ξ

α

,

ξ
∈

[

0
,

ξ

0

]

.

$$\phi \left(\xi \right)={\xi }^{\alpha },\qquad \xi \in \left[0,{\xi }_{0}\right].$$

By means of separate approaches, it is shown that in both cases α ∈ (0, 1) and α ∈ [1, 2] some global weak solutions exist which, inter alia, satisfy

C

(

T

)

≔

ess sup

t
∈

(

0
,
T

)

∫

Ω

u

(

⋅
,
t

)

ln
⁡
u

(

⋅
,
t

)

<
∞

for all 
T
>
0
,

$$C\left(T\right){:=}\underset{t\in \left(0,T\right)}{\text{ess\,sup}}{\int }_{{\Omega}}u\left(\cdot ,t\right)\mathrm{ln}u\left(\cdot ,t\right){< }\infty \qquad \text{for\,all\,}T{ >}0,$$

with sup
T>0
C(T) < ∞ if α ∈ [1, 2].
A new species of marine algae from the Mexican Atlantic based on morphology and molecular data: Gelidium rodrigueziae sp. nov. (Gelidiaceae, Rhodophyta)
Authors: Quiroz-González Nataly , Ponce-Márquez Maria Edith , Aguilar-Estrada Luis Gabriel , Ruiz-Boijseauneau Ivette
Published: April 2024

The algae of the genus Gelidium can be found as frequent and abundant inhabitants in the rocky intertidal zone of the Mexican Atlantic. Six species of this genus have been reported in this region, but only Gelidium americanum has been confirmed with morphological and molecular tools, despite how important both tools have proven to be for the group. This research aimed to evaluate the Mexican specimens previously identified as Gelidium through morphological and molecular approaches, using rbcL and COI-5P markers. This study examined 20 specimens found living attached to the shell of a gastropod Stramonita rustica in the mid-high intertidal zone of the Mexican Atlantic and ten specimens found living on rocks. Phylogenetic analyses resolved these specimens to be an independent species closely related to G. gonzalezii, G. yangmeikengense, and G. indonesianum. Genetic distances and morphological information confirmed this. Gelidium rodrigueziae sp. nov. is described as a new species. It is distinguished from its related species by having a simpler branching pattern, a smaller number and size of medullary cells, and the smaller quantity and distribution of restricted internal rhizoid filaments around the medulla.
Phymatolithopsis acervata comb. nov., and P. roseola sp. nov. (Hapalidiales, Rhodophyta) from South Africa with a comment on infraordinal classification
Authors: Maneveldt Gavin W. , Jeong So Young , Hughey Jeffery R. , Gabrielson Paul W.
Published: April 2024

Phymatolithon acervatum is an encrusting, non-geniculate coralline alga from South Africa. While morpho-anatomical details of the species are well documented, no genetic analyses have been performed on P. acervatum. Here, we analyzed rbcL and psbA gene sequences, and they showed that two species were passing under the name Phymatolithon acervatum in South Africa. A partial rbcL sequence from the lectotype of Lithothamnion acervatum, basionym of P. acervatum, showed to which species the specific epithet applies, and furthermore that both species belong in Phymatolithopsis. We transfer Phymatolithon acervatum to Phymatolithopsis, as Phymatolithopsis acervata comb. nov., and propose Phymatolithopsis roseola sp. nov. These species overlap in morpho-anatomy, habitat and distribution and can only be distinguished based on DNA sequences. Previous misinterpretations of conceptacle development are corrected for species of Phymatolithopsis. The main character used to define the family Mesophyllumaceae is shown to have arisen several times in independent lineages in the order Hapalidiales. At present, only one family, Hapalidiaceae, thus merits recognition in the Hapalidiales.
Fetal bladder rupture after high-dose maternal opioid treatment: a case report
Authors: Herken Julia , Uerlings Vincent , Zundel Sabine , Aichner Jonathan , Hodel Markus
Published: April 2024

Objectives

Fetal bladder rupture is rare and mainly caused by lower urinary tract obstruction (LUTO). Our case report describes a rupture at a gestational age of 31 weeks following high-dose maternal opioid exposure during intensive care treatment. Opioids perturb the interplay of afferent and efferent signals between the bladder, urethra, and the central nervous system (CNS) which is crucial in contributing to urinary retention. They rapidly cross the human placenta, affecting also the fetus. To date, there is no clear proof of the connection between maternal opioid treatment and fetal bladder rupture, but the association seems to strengthen.

Case presentation

A 18-year old first Gravida at 31 weeks of gestation developed a severe sepsis with progressive hypoxic lung failure and need for intubation. During the ICU-treatment, several opioids were administered for sedation and pain relief. Four days after induction of opioid treatment the ultrasound revealed a decompressed fetal bladder, hematoma and significant ascites. Fetal bladder rupture with urinary ascites was suspected. A caesarean section was performed at 33 weeks of gestation due to massive fetal urinary ascites, fetal deterioration and imminent abdominal compartment syndrome. Adequate ventilation and circulation could only be established after percutaneous drainage of 350 mL of abdominal fluid, that was confirmed to be urine. A defect of the bladder was confirmed by ultrasound. On the fifth day of life, the bladder was closed surgically by pediatric surgery.

Conclusions

Growing awareness of the possible connection between maternal opioid therapy and fetal bladder rupture is necessary to plan follow-up ultrasound examinations to assess the fetal situation.
Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn infant (PPHN) due to premature closure of the ductus arteriosus (DA)
Authors: Okoye Ayevbekpen Grace , Khawash Adrita , Nanjundappa Mahesh , Jones Matthew , Greenough Anne
Published: April 2024

Objectives

To describe the course of an infant with persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) secondary to premature closure of the ductus arteriosus (DA), a very rare phenomenon which can lead to adverse clinical outcomes.

Case presentation

A term infant was diagnosed with severe PPHN with echocardiographic features noted at 6 h after birth which included supra-systemic pulmonary pressures, severe isolated right ventricle (RV) hypertrophy, poor RV dysfunction and no ductal flow in the context of a structurally normal heart. There was maternal use of low-dose aspirin in pregnancy due to preeclampsia. There is a known association between use of prostaglandin synthase inhibitors such as aspirin with ductal closure leading to increased RV pressure. Treatment was commenced with positive pressure ventilation, inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) and milrinone. There was a limited response to iNO necessitating increasing the concentration of milrinone with a marked improvement in oxygenation. Following commencement of sildenafil, inhaled nitric oxide was gradually weaned and stopped in the third week and the infant extubated. The infant was discharged home on oral sildenafil at four weeks of age with no respiratory or feeding support. Echocardiographic features of raised right sided pressures persisted, but with reduced RV hypertrophy and septal flattening and improved RV function. Oral sildenafil was subsequently weaned and stopped at four months of age.

Conclusions

A severe form of PPHN due to premature closure of the DA requires early discussion with the cardiologist. The use of milrinone and sildenafil can lead to a favourable outcome.
Weaving in the Ager Faliscus: A Contextual Approach to the Analysis of Loom Weights from the Sites of Falerii, Narce, Vignanello, Corchiano and Grotta Porciosa
Authors: Di Salvo Federico
Published: April 2024

The focus of this paper is the contextualization of loom weights excavated in the Ager Faliscus region (Falerii, Narce, Vignanello, Corchiano, Grotta Porciosa) from the 19th century onwards. As many of these come from partially published excavations, the first aim is to provide a provisional chronology; a brief analysis of the material finds in their contexts of origin will contribute to a better understanding of when these objects were made and used. Secondly, the nature of these contexts will be discussed: what can they tell us about the social aspect of textile production in the area? What role did weaving play in the sacred and funerary sphere? The attempt to answer these questions aims to make full use of the data at our disposal from past excavations, providing a starting point for future research on the role of textile production in this area of pre-Roman Italy.
Connected in Bad Times and in Good Times: Empathy Induces Stable Social Closeness
Authors: Saulin Anne , Ting Chih-Chung , Engelmann Jan B. , Hein Grit
Published: April 2024

Humans need social closeness to prosper. There is evidence that empathy can induce social closeness. However, it remains unclear how empathy-related social closeness is formed and how stable it is as time passes. We applied an acquisitionextinction paradigm combined with computational modeling and fMRI, to investigate the formation and stability of empathy-related social closeness. Female participants observed painful stimulation of another person with high probability (acquisition) and low probability (extinction) and rated their closeness to that person. The results of two independent studies showed increased social closeness in the acquisition block that resisted extinction in the extinction block. Providing insights into underlying mechanisms, reinforcement learning modeling revealed that the formation of social closeness is based on a learning signal (prediction error) generated from observing anothers pain, whereas maintaining social closeness is based on a learning signal generated from observing anothers pain relief. The results of a reciprocity control study indicate that this feedback recalibration is specific to learning of empathy-related social closeness. On the neural level, the recalibration of the feedback signal was associated with neural responses in anterior insula and adjacent inferior frontal gyrus and the bilateral superior temporal sulcus/temporoparietal junction. Together, these findings show that empathy-related social closeness generated in bad times, that is, empathy with the misfortune of another person, transfers to good times and thus may form one important basis for stable social relationships.
The Role of Nature Cues and Nature Relatedness in Academic Motivation and Engagement
Authors: Desrochers Jessica E. , Peetz Johanna , Harpaul Cecilia , Okigbo Christine , Perry Katia
Published: April 2024

Nature exposure in the form of immersion in natural environments can benefit students in multiple ways. Across four studies, we examined whether nature exposure in the form of visual nature cues on instructional materials might increase academic motivation and engagement among university students. Visual nature cues were presented via PowerPoint backgrounds (Study 1), online Zoom lecture backgrounds (Study 2), and on the background of calendars people used to plan for an upcoming assignment or exam (Studies 3 and 4). In each study and an internal meta-analysis, we found no evidence that nature cues increased academic engagement or motivation compared to other background images. However, participants’ self-reported nature relatedness was linked to greater academic engagement and motivation in each study and the internal meta-analysis. The interaction between nature relatedness and nature exposure was not significant. We conclude that embedding visual nature cues in educational material is not sufficiently impactful to have an effect on academic motivation and that immersion and interaction with nature in a fuller sense may be necessary to reap motivational benefits.
Detection of Pancreatic Cancer and Nutritional Support in Chronic Pancreatitis
Authors: Choe Jung Wan
Published: April 2024

Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is a significant risk factor for pancreatic cancer and there had been a great deal of interest in surveillance and detection of pancreatic cancer. According to presence of genetic mutation, CP can be classified into hereditary CP and sporadic CP. CP with PRSS1 gene mutation showed a high incidence of pancreatic cancer justifying screening and surveillance for those older than 40 years. But CP with other mutations and sporadic CP have relatively low incidence of pancreatic cancer and surveillance is not recommended. While computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging is widely used for screening, endoscopic ultrasound is not recommended because of parenchymal inflammation, fibrosis, and calcification associated with CP. However, when a patient with CP has multiple risk factors for pancreatic cancer, risk of pancreatic cancer increases significantly. Patients with CP have increased risk of pancreatic cancer at five years after diagnosis; individualized screening and surveillance based on symptoms and specific circumstances should be considered. Patients with CP have a high risk of malnutrition and malnutrition is quite common. Clinicians should assess nutritional status and implement nutritional support. Nutritional support must include both macronutrients and micronutrients. Given the high risk of osteoporosis and osteopathy in CP, clinicians should consider early diagnosis, prevention, and treatment. Consultation with nutritional support team is highly recommended.
The Effect of Teaching the Secondary School 7th Grade Cell and Division Unit with Concept Map on the Academic Success of Students
Authors: Kaymaz Naim Nail , Doğru Arzu
Published: April 2024

This study aims to determine the effect of teaching the “Cell and Divisions” unit in the science course with concept maps on the academic achievement of 7th grade middle school students. In order to achieve the stated purpose, a mixed method approach using an explanatory sequential design was used. The study group of the research consisted of 30 middle school students studying in the 7th grade. Convenience sampling method was used in sample selection. In this five-week long implementation, the control group was taught by the teacher according to the current science curriculum in the textbook, while the experimental group was taught a lesson enriched with concept maps. Quantitative data were obtained with the Science Attitude Scale (SAS) and the Cell and Divisions Achievement Test (CCDAT). The “Semi-structured Interview Form” developed by the researchers was used as a qualitative data collection tool. Descriptive statistics, Mann Whitney U test and Wilcoxon Signed Rank test were used to analyze quantitative data. Qualitative data were analyzed descriptively by content analysis method. In the post-application analysis results, while there was no statistically significant difference between the pretest results of the control and experimental groups, statistically significant results were found in favor of the experimental group in the post-test academic achievement scores. Interviews with the students revealed that concept maps contributed significantly to their learning.
High-precision discrimination of maize silage based on olfactory visualization technology integrated with chemometrics analysis
Authors: Tao Yan , Tian Haiqing , Zhao Kai , Yu Yang , Guo Li’na , Liu Genhao , Bai Xin
Published: April 2024

Rapid, reliable and non-destructive detection of the quality of maize silage is essential to high-efficiency animal husbandry and food safety. In this study, the colorimetric sensor array (CSA) integrated with chemometric methods is innovatively proposed for qualitative discrimination of maize silage. First, 12 color-sensitive dyes were selected to fabricate colorimetric sensor arrays to be used as artificial olfactory sensors for obtaining odor fingerprints of maize silage. Machine vision algorithms were utilized to extract the color features, and principal component analysis was applied to reduce the dimensionality of the obtained data. Finally, the PCA results were input variables to develop different qualitative discrimination models. These models involve support vector machines (SVM), extreme learning machine (ELM), and random forest (RF). The analysis results show the 100% correct identification rate for independent samples. The general results sufficiently reveal that olfactory visualization technology integrated with chemometrics analysis has promising applications for high-precision discrimination of maize silage.
Finite element explicit dynamics simulation of an impact cutting mechanism analysis of Populus tomentosa branches
Authors: Ba Shihong , Ban Yichen , Lyu Kun , Liu Yang , Wen Jian , Li Wenbin
Published: April 2024

The branch impact failure mechanism has gradually received attention from scholars, along with the application of impact cutting methods in plantation forest pruning. In this paper, the impact cutting failure mechanism of Populus tomentosa branches was mainly studied. The impact cutting process of branches was simulated by using Finite Element Method (FEM)-based explicit dynamics. The stress change and deformation characteristics in the branch failure process were studied. A theoretical model of branch impact cutting mechanism with branch diameter, cutting clearance, and branch angle as the main factors was proposed. The model describes the branch cutting damage process and the changing characteristics of cutting force. A branch failure state equation was proposed to describe the branch impact cutting failure patterns. The forest experiment was conducted to validate the branch impact cutting mechanism and the branch failure state equation. This work fills a vacancy of relevant theory and provides a theoretical basis for the future development of forestry and agricultural equipment using impact cutting.
Research of chipper knives with a modified cutting edge for the production of dimensionally uniform wood chips
Authors: Krilek Jozef , Gendek Arkadiusz , Aniszewska Monika , Szewczyk Grzegorz , Ťavodová Miroslava , Spinelli Raffaele , Kováč Ján , Malaťák Jan , Kormanek Mariusz , Mancel Vladimír , Kuvik Tomáš
Published: April 2024

The paper is focused on the research of chipper knives with a straight and modified cutting edge in order to determine the energy consumption of the chipping process and the uniformity of the size of the fractions of the designed chipper knife for the production of dimensionally uniform chips. The research took place on two different tree species where the representative of the coniferous tree was the common spruce (Picea abies) and the deciduous tree was the winter oak (Quercus petraea). The research took place on a PTO-powered (power take off) disc chipping machine where it was not modified for research purposes. The results showed that a knife with a modified cutting edge is higher in terms of energy consumption than chipper knives with a straight cutting edge. From the evaluation of the sieve analysis for a chipper knife with a modified cutting edge, the energy chip of uniform granulometric composition is a homogeneous bulk material.
The role of Radiotherapy in relieving pain caused by calcaneal spur
Authors: Simões Sara , Ramos Sofia , Carvalho Filipa , Costa Maria Adelina , Fardilha Carlos , Costa Paulo
Published: April 2024

The pain caused by the calcaneal spur and the decreased quality of life are the hallmark features of this condition. Radiotherapy has been the subject of increasing evolution in recent decades for pain relief in both benign and malignant pathologies. The aim is to evaluate the efficacy in pain relief and the toxicity associated with the treatment. A retrospective review of a group of patients with painful complaints due to calcaneal spur who underwent Radiotherapy. Between 2012 and 2023, twelve patients, seven men, and five women, with a median age of 61 years (40-82) underwent palliative radiotherapy for calcaneal spur. Five patients had calcaneal spur on the right, five on the left, and two with bilateral spurs. All had complaints of pain in the calcaneus. One patient had undergone previous surgery and one radiofrequency and corticosteroid infiltration without resolution of the painful condition. The treatment regimens varied, with the majority (n=7) receiving 15Gy in 3 fractions of 5Gy on alternate days. 100% of the patients reported complete pain relief after treatment. One patient required re-irradiation after 4 months, with a complete response in pain control. No patient experienced toxicity related to radiotherapy. Radiotherapy plays an important role in pain control for this pathological condition, as demonstrated in this analysis. Classical studies have shown that a minimum total dose of 5Gy would be necessary for better pain control. There is a need to raise awareness among healthcare professionals about the important role of radiotherapy in pain management in this pathology.
The path from primitiveness to civilization. Ukrainian garments of the Middle Ages
Authors:   Institute of History of Ukraine NASU, Balushok Vasyl , Halenko Oleksandr ,   Institute of History of Ukraine NASU, Haskevych Dmytro ,   Institute of History of Ukraine NASU, Diachenko Oleksandr ,   Institute of History of Ukraine NASU, Motsia Oleksandr ,   Institute of History of Ukraine NASU, Pankovskyi Valentyn ,   Institute of History of Ukraine NASU,   Institute of History of Ukraine NASU, Parshyn Illia ,   Institute of History of Ukraine NASU, Rychka Volodymyr , Rusyna Olena ,   Institute of History of Ukraine NASU
Published: April 2024

The book contains stories in a popular manner based on bird observations. The author shares the impressions received during ornithological excursions, describes the birds of some environment landscapes, as well as particularly interesting cases in the relationship of man with aves. The book chapters highlight the conditions of birds’ life, the peculiarities of their behavior, and the nature of adaptation to living next to people. Particular attention is paid to the explanation of the bird names’ origin. The publication is illustrated with vivid pictures of birds captured in their natural environment. The book will be interesting for a wide range of readers — from beginner birdwatchers to experienced nature lovers, as it will encourage them to get their own impressions from close and careful observations of nature.
НОРМАТИВНО-ПРАВОВЕ ПІДҐРУНТЯ ОЦІНЮВАННЯ РЕЗУЛЬТАТІВ РОЗБУДОВИ ТЕРИТОРІЙ ВІДНОВЛЕННЯ У ВОЄННИЙ ЧАС: АСПЕКТИ ІДЕНТИФІКАЦІЇ
Authors: Rohozian Yuliia
Published: April 2024

У статті продемонстровано проміжні результати дослідження теоретико-методичних аспектів оцінювання результатів розбудови територій відновлення в умовах воєнного часу. В основі напрацювань — аналіз чинних нормативно-правових актів України з питань відновлення та розвитку регіонів і територіальних громад на прикладі східних областей країни. У статті розкрито ключові зміни державної регіональної політики, ідентифіковано 23 громади Донецької області та 53 — Харківської області, які відповідають критеріям територій відновлення в умовах воєнного стану. Кластеризація ідентифікованих територій дала змогу визначити п’ять груп громад з найбільшими шансами на отримання статусу територій відновлення, а також виокремити 23 територіальні громади Донеччини та три — Харківщини, які взагалі не відповідають заданим критеріям, тому не можуть бути віднесені до територій відновлення через продовження активних бойових дій і тимчасової окупації. Зроблено на- голос на доцільності проведення наукової оцінки соціально-економічної результативності розбудови визначених територій і розроблення практичних пропозицій щодо їх функціонування у воєнний та повоєнний період.