bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A study on admitting children and adolescents into institutions for people with disabilities
Authors: Blikstein Flávia , Reis Alberto Olavo Advincula
Published: August 2023

Abstract This study seeks to investigate the care institutions for people with disabilities in São Paulo State and analyze the admission of children and adolescents to these services. This is a qualitative descriptive study with a cross-sectional sample. In its first stage, this study mapped the institutions in different free-access registers of public and contracted services, tied to federal, state, or municipal management in the areas of childhood, social assistance, and health. In its second step, data were collected by reading the medical records of a specific institution. As a result, this study points to the lack of a single typification or specific regulation, the absence of deinstitutionalization practices, and the lack of coordination with the intersectoral network. Results also show that the recurrent institutionalization of children and adolescents in these institutions and describes the characteristics of this practice: the occurrence of transinstitutionalization, hospitalizations via judicial determination, and lack or precariousness of territorial services and intersectoral actions. Finally, this research points to the need for implementing substitutive networks and developing intersectoral actions of care for children and adolescents and highlights the key relevance of further developing knowledge about the institutionalized population.
Desafios para a implementação da Rede de Cuidados à Pessoa com Deficiência em uma região de saúde: um olhar a partir das dimensões política, organização e estrutura
Authors: Mota Paulo Henrique dos Santos , Bousquat Aylene
Published: August 2023

Resumo Pessoas com deficiência (PCD) vivenciam profundas desigualdades sociais e no acesso à saúde. A Rede de Cuidados à Pessoa com Deficiência (RCPD) foi instituída em 2012, com o objetivo de melhorar esse acesso de forma equânime e igualitária. O objetivo deste artigo é analisar a implementação e os condicionantes da RCPD na região de saúde de São José do Rio Preto. Este é um estudo de caso exploratório, de abordagem qualitativa e quantitativa, ancorado no instrumental de análise de políticas públicas. As dimensões política, organização e estrutura nortearam a análise dos resultados. Foram realizadas entrevistas com 37 atores-chave da gestão, prestadores e da sociedade. O Ministério da Saúde é considerado protagonista pela definição da política e repasse de recursos financeiros. O ente estadual é prestador de serviços e conciliador de demandas municipais através do grupo condutor da RCPD. A inexistência de um sistema de regulação assistencial é um entrave para a organização da rede. Serviços contratualizados decidem quem terá acesso a seu atendimento, não respeitando fluxos pactuados. A estrutura dos serviços de reabilitação, com exceção do Centro Especializado em Reabilitação, não foi orientada pelas necessidades de saúde, mas pela existência dos serviços no território. Evidenciam-se barreiras para a garantia do direito à saúde que perpetuam desigualdades vividas pelas PCD.
The invisibility of Amazonian singularities in the design and delivery of Primary Health Care (PHC) services: A case study in the rural riverside area of Manaus (AM)
Authors: Sousa Amandia , Fonseca Fernanda , Bousquat Aylene
Published: August 2023

Abstract The Amazon region encompasses a heterogenous territory with singular geographic features, that harbous different vulnerable populations, which require the development of abilities and innovations by health services. However, answers to this challenge become even more distant in the face of a marketing logic that tends to make differences invisible and privilege certain territories. In this scenario, our study analyzed the implementation of a Basic River Health Unit (UBSF), seeking to understand how the needs and singularities of riverside rural areas are included in the planning and execution of health services. To that end, interviews with health services managers and professionals and observations of health care professionals during daily activities were carried out. The results showed the forecast of services, with specific formats and resources for the Amazonian fluvial areas, was an opportunity for the specificities of the region to be evidenced and for more resources, including financial ones, being considered for these localities. However, they also showed that the services offered are still planned in a hierarchical way and organized and executed for urban areas, which points to the need for adaptations.
Invisibilidade das singularidades amazônicas na organização e oferta de serviços de Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS): Estudo de caso na área rural ribeirinha de Manaus (AM)
Authors: Sousa Amandia , Fonseca Fernanda , Bousquat Aylene
Published: August 2023

Resumo A região amazônica abrange um território heterogêneo com características geográficas específicas, abrigando diversas populações vulnerabilizadas, o que exige dos serviços de saúde o desenvolvimento de habilidades e inovações. Entretanto, as respostas a esses desafios se tornam ainda mais distantes diante de uma lógica mercadológica, que tende a invisibilizar diferenças e privilegiar determinados territórios. Nesse cenário, este estudo analisou a implementação de uma Unidade Básica de Saúde Fluvial, buscando compreender como estão incluídas as necessidades e singularidades do meio rural ribeirinho no planejamento e execução dos serviços de saúde. Para isso, foram realizadas entrevistas com gestores e profissionais, além da observação do cotidiano dos serviços de saúde. Os resultados demonstram que a previsão de serviços, com formatos e recursos específicos para as áreas fluviais amazônicas, foi uma oportunidade para que as particularidades da região fossem evidenciadas e que mais recursos, inclusive financeiros, fossem previstos para essas localidades. No entanto, evidenciou-se também que os serviços ofertados continuam sendo planejados de forma hierárquica, além de serem organizados e executados visando realidades urbanas, o que aponta a necessidade de adaptações.
Cooking up changes: the act of cooking as a tool for facing the challenges of the Anthropocene
Authors: Rigote Gabriela , Bueno Alessandra Xavier , Akerman Marco
Published: August 2023

Abstract Cooking encompasses cultural, environmental, social, economic, and political dimensions, as well as composes the activities contained in a food system and promoting dialogues and transformations. This study aims to describe and to analyze everyday elements related to cooking and its relationship with the food system based on the experience of a group of female urban farmers in the east side of the city of São Paulo. Body-map storytelling was used, a creative visual research method, in which, by drawing the participant’s body contours, visual and oral data were produced on the meanings of cooking. Seven women participated in this study, who develop actions related to agriculture and cooking. The generated data were analyzed using thematic analysis. Cooking proved to be a connector from the field to the table, strengthening and being strengthened by the practices of urban and peri-urban farming, and is an interesting tool to promote health, contemplating biopsychosocial well-being in line with issues of social, economic, and environmental sustainability. Understanding this connection enables to support public policies to promote sustainable food systems and facing the challenges of the Anthropocene.
Degradability of the dry matter and crude protein of fruits of Chloroleucon mangense and Acacia cochliacantha in sheep
Authors: Sosa-Pérez Gustavo , López-Ortiz Silvia , Pérez-Hernández Ponciano , Vaquera-Huerta Humberto , Galván María Magdalena Crosby , Gallegos-Sánchez Jaime
Published: August 2023

Abstract The objective of this work was to determine the nutritional content and the degradability of the dry matter and protein of fruits of Chloroleucon mangense and Acacia cochliacantha and of a 1:1 mixture of both, offered as supplements to Rambouillet sheep. In situ ruminal degradation was evaluated in three adult rams, fitted with a rumen cannula, with different incubation times of 0, 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 hours. Protein intestinal degradability was quantified with a three-step procedure: in situ ruminal incubation, in vitro enzymatic digestion, and abomasal-intestinal digestion. The fruits of C. mangense and A. cochliacantha contain 21 and 12% crude protein, 47 and 56% neutral detergent fiber, 31 and 43% acid detergent fiber, and 0.9 and 6.0% condensed tannins, respectively. The fruits of C. mangense showed a higher nutritional value and a higher dry matter and crude protein degradability (p<0.05) than those of A. cochliacantha and the 1:1 mixture. The amount of protein that reaches the small intestine is higher for the 1:1, which is an indicative that its tannin concentration is enough to increase the bypass protein that can be absorbed in the small intestine.
Divergent Actions of Renal Tubular and Endothelial Type 1 IL-1 Receptor Signaling in Toxin-Induced AKI
Authors: Ren Jiafa , Liu Kang , Wu Buyun , Lu Xiaohan , Sun Lianqin , Privratsky Jamie R. , Xing Changying , Robson Matthew J. , Mao Huijuan , Blakely Randy D. , Abe Koki , Souma Tomokazu , Crowley Steven D.
Published: August 2023

Significance Statement

Activation of the type 1 IL-1 receptor (IL-1R1) triggers a critical innate immune signaling cascade that contributes to the pathogenesis of AKI. However, blockade of IL-1 signaling in AKI has not consistently demonstrated kidney protection. The current murine experiments show that IL-1R1 activation in the proximal tubule exacerbates toxin-induced AKI and cell death through local suppression of apolipoprotein M. By contrast, IL-1R1 activation in endothelial cells ameliorates AKI by restoring VEGFA-dependent endothelial cell viability. Using this information, future delivery strategies can maximize the protective effects of blocking IL-1R1 while mitigating unwanted actions of IL-1R1 manipulation.

Background

Activation of the type 1 IL-1 receptor (IL-1R1) triggers a critical innate immune signaling cascade that contributes to the pathogenesis of AKI. IL-1R1 is expressed on some myeloid cell populations and on multiple kidney cell lineages, including tubular and endothelial cells. Pharmacological inhibition of the IL-1R1 does not consistently protect the kidney from injury, suggesting there may be complex, cell-specific effects of IL-1R1 stimulation in AKI.

Methods

To examine expression of IL-1 and IL-1R1 in intrinsic renal versus infiltrating immune cell populations during AKI, we analyzed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data from kidney tissues of humans with AKI and mice with acute aristolochic acid exposure. We then investigated cell-specific contributions of renal IL-1R1 signaling to AKI using scRNA-seq, RNA microarray, and pharmacological interventions in mice with IL-1R1 deletion restricted to the proximal tubule or endothelium.

Results

scRNA-seq analyses demonstrated robust IL-1 expression in myeloid cell populations and low-level IL-1R1 expression in kidney parenchymal cells during toxin-induced AKI. Our genetic studies showed that IL-1R1 activation in the proximal tubule exacerbated toxin-induced AKI and cell death through local suppression of apolipoprotein M. By contrast, IL-1R1 activation in endothelial cells ameliorated aristolochic acid–induced AKI by restoring VEGFA-dependent endothelial cell viability and density.

Conclusions

These data highlight opposing cell-specific effects of IL-1 receptor signaling on AKI after toxin exposure. Disrupting pathways activated by IL-1R1 in the tubule, while preserving those triggered by IL-1R1 activation on endothelial cells, may afford renoprotection exceeding that of global IL-1R1 inhibition while mitigating unwanted actions of IL-1R1 blockade.
Renin–Angiotensin–Aldosterone System Blockade after AKI with or without Recovery among US Veterans with Diabetic Kidney Disease
Authors: Murphy Daniel P. , Wolfson Julian , Reule Scott , Johansen Kirsten L. , Ishani Areef , Drawz Paul E.
Published: August 2023

Significance Statement

Among patients with CKD, optimal use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin II receptor blockers after AKI is uncertain. Despite these medications' ability to reduce risk of mortality and other adverse outcomes, there is concern that ACEi/ARB use may delay recovery of kidney function or precipitate recurrent AKI. Prior studies have provided conflicting data regarding the optimal timing of these medications after AKI and have not addressed the role of kidney recovery in determining appropriate timing. This study in US Veterans with diabetes mellitus and proteinuria demonstrated an association between ACEi/ARB use and lower mortality. This association was more pronounced with earlier post-AKI ACEi/ARB use and was not meaningfully affected by initiating ACEis/ARBs before versus after recovery from AKI.

Background

Optimal use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEis) or angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) after AKI is uncertain.

Methods

Using data derived from electronic medical records, we sought to estimate the association between ACEi/ARB use after AKI and mortality in US military Veterans with indications for such treatment (diabetes and proteinuria) while accounting for AKI recovery. We used ACEi/ARB treatment after hospitalization with AKI (defined as serum creatinine ≥50% above baseline concentration) as a time-varying exposure in Cox models. The outcome was all-cause mortality. Recovery was defined as return to ≤110% of baseline creatinine. A secondary analysis focused on ACEi/ARB use relative to AKI recovery (before versus after).

Results

Among 54,735 Veterans with AKI, 31,146 deaths occurred over a median follow-up period of 2.3 years. Approximately 57% received an ACEi/ARB <3 months after hospitalization. In multivariate analysis with time-varying recovery, post-AKI ACEi/ARB use was associated with lower risk of mortality (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 0.74; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.72 to 0.77). The association between ACEi/ARB use and mortality varied over time, with lower mortality risk associated with earlier initiation (P for interaction with time <0.001). In secondary analysis, compared with those with neither recovery nor ACEi/ARB use, risk of mortality was lower in those with recovery without ACEi/ARB use (aHR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.87 to 0.94), those without recovery with ACEi/ARB use (aHR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.66 to 0.72), and those with ACEi/ARB use after recovery (aHR, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.67 to 0.73).

Conclusions

This study demonstrated lower mortality associated with ACEi/ARB use in Veterans with diabetes, proteinuria, and AKI, regardless of recovery. Results favored earlier ACEi/ARB initiation.
In vitro cytotoxic and apoptotic activity of the Mauritian marine sponge Neopetrosia exigua
Authors: Beesoo Rima , Bhagooli Ranjeet , Bahorun Theeshan , Neergheen Vidushi S.
Published: August 2023

Marine sponges belonging to the genus Neopetrosia represent a quasi-inexhaustible source of novel cytotoxic compounds. Yet studies delineating their molecular mechanisms of action in cancer cells remain scarce. We investigated the cytotoxic and apoptosis inducing potential of the Mauritian marine sponge Neopetrosia exigua derived crude extract, hexane and ethyl acetate fraction. Their cytotoxic activity was screened against four cancer cell lines and two non-malignant cell lines via the Alamar Blue metabolic assay. The level of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, endogenous antioxidant enzyme activity (catalase and superoxide dismutase) and mitochondrial membrane potential were determined. The ability of the active extract to induce apoptosis in cancer cells and modulate the expression levels of apoptotic markers (caspases and polyADP-ribose polymerase (PARP)) was further evaluated via western blot. The ethyl acetate fraction (NEEAF) displayed the highest inhibitory effect with an IC50 of 6.87 μg/mL against the liver hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (HepG2). Mechanistically, NEEAF induced morphological hallmarks characteristic of apoptosis, increased ROS production, decreased catalase and superoxide dismutase activity and mitochondrial membrane depolarisation in a concentration-dependent manner compared to the control (p<0.05). In addition, NEEAF induced the activation of caspase-9, -7, -3 and cleavage of PARP. Overall, this study provides biochemical evidence for oxidative stress-mediated cytotoxicity and apoptosis in HepG2 cells by NEEAF. Further in-depth investigations are needed to isolate the active constituents, which may potentially lead to the development of novel anticancer therapeutics.
Significance:

Marine sponges represent an untapped goldmine of structurally unique compounds with interesting anticancer properties.
This important initial investigative work will set the stage for more in-depth mechanistic studies and chemical characterisation of potentially novel bioactive compounds from the genus Neopetrosia.
This work will also help to strengthen frameworks oriented towards the conservation of Neopetrosia species in the Western Indian Ocean region.
Tracking emergency response actions during COVID-19 leads to development of an innovative public health evaluation tool
Authors: Biro Suzanne , Scott Karen , Nagy Emma , Slipp Nancy , Beck Kinsey , Catley Christina , Hart Ezra
Published: August 2023

Setting

Early in the pandemic, KFL&A Public Health needed a way to capture, organize, and display COVID-19-related events to be accountable for and evaluate our actions.

Intervention

We used accessible software (Microsoft Office 365 suite, Microsoft PowerBI) to develop a data collection and visualization system. The Canadian Institute for Health Information (CIHI) developed a timeline and categorization approach for provincial and national COVID-related interventions, which was used to develop a regional version for local events using similar categories. We collected and displayed qualitative data alongside epidemiological data that allowed users to display different timelines of actions and outcomes and evaluate our response.

Outcomes

In developing the timeline, we took stock of the information and data we wanted to collect, sort, and display locally. Next, we collected information on response actions, case and contact tracing, and staffing changes in a database that we displayed on a timeline. We included CIHI’s data set to provide insight into pandemic response across all jurisdictions.

Implications

Our timeline tool has many advantages for public health authorities beyond responding to a rapidly evolving emergency. By collecting information on events as they occur, decisions and actions are documented that may otherwise be overlooked. This enables decision-makers to visualize the impact of public health actions on health outcomes over time. The tool is completely customizable and scalable depending on the project scope and we plan to apply this method to other public health programming. Finally, we include lessons learned from quickly developing these tools in a real-time pandemic setting, both locally at KFL&A Public Health and nationally at CIHI.
The News Crawler: A Big Data Approach to Local Information Ecosystems
Authors: Khanom Asma , Kiesow Damon , Zdun Matt , Shyu Chi-Ren
Published: August 2023

In the past 20 years, Silicon Valley’s platforms and opaque algorithms have increasingly influenced civic discourse, helping Facebook, Twitter, and others extract and consolidate the revenues generated. That trend has reduced the profitability of local news organizations, but not the importance of locally created news reporting in residents’ day-to-day lives. The disruption of the economics and distribution of news has reduced, scattered, and diversified local news sources (digital-first newspapers, digital-only newsrooms, and television and radio broadcasters publishing online), making it difficult to inventory and understand the information health of communities, individually and in aggregate. Analysis of this national trend is often based on the geolocation of known news outlets as a proxy for community coverage. This measure does not accurately estimate the quality, scale, or diversity of topics provided to the community. This project is developing a scalable, semi-automated approach to describe digital news content along journalism-quality-focused standards. We propose identifying representative corpora and applying machine learning and natural language processing to estimate the extent to which news articles engage in multiple journalistic dimensions, including geographic relevancy, critical information needs, and equity of coverage.
Dynamics of the incidence of benign breast disease at the regional level
Authors: Sevostyanova O. Yu. , Chumarnaya T. V. , Sevostyanova N. E. , Demidov D. A. , Vorontsova A. V. , Oboskalova T. A.
Published: August 2023

Background. The analysis of the incidence of benign breast disease (BBD) allows you to control the prevalence of the disease in the population and plan medical care.

Aim. To study the incidence and prevalence of BBD on the example of the Sverdlovsk region in 2012–2021 and Yekaterinburg in 2012–2020.

Materials and methods. An observational epidemiological retrospective study of the incidence of BBD in women aged 18 years and more was conducted. To calculate the indicators, we used the form of Federal statistical observation No. 12 for Yekaterinburg and recommendations by the Federal State Statistics Service, Russian Research Institute of Health. We analyzed the indicators of the incidence of BBD in the Sverdlovsk region, published on the websites of the Ministry of Health of Russia and the Russian Research Institute of Health. Information on the number of women examined for oncopathology was obtained from Form No. 30 “Information about a medical organization” in 2016–2020.

Results. The incidence of BBD in the Sverdlovsk region increased in 2013–2019 and Yekaterinburg 2015–2019 compared to 2012 (p <0.001). During the pre-pandemic period, the average growth rate of the indicator was 5.20 % in the region, 7.60 % in the city. The incidence of BBD in the city annually exceeded the regional indicator in 2012–2019 (p <0.028). The prevalence of BBD followed the trends of the incidence (p <0.001). The average growth rate of the total incidence in the region was 7.55 %, in the city – 9.57 %. A decrease in incidence rates in the region and the city in 2020 compared to 2019 was incidence (p <0.001). A positive correlation was established between the number of cases of newly diagnosed ВВD and the number of women examined for oncopathology in the region (r = 0.924 at p = 0.025) and the city (r = 0.900 at p = 0.037).

Conclusion. The incidence and prevalence of BBD in the female population of the region and the city significantly increased in the pre-pandemic period. There was a decrease in indicators due to the massive and rapid spread of a new coronavirus infection and restrictive measures aimed at containing it in 2020–2021.
Prevention and treatment of neutropenia in routine clinical practice. How to improve the quality of cancer care and reduce treatment costs?
Authors: Gromova G. A.
Published: August 2023

Neutropenia is a common complication during anti-cancer therapy. Risk factors for febrile neutropenia, its diagnostic criteria, and methods of its prevention and treatment have been well described. In this article, we demonstrated the need to assess cost effectiveness of primary prevention of complications associated with polychemotherapy and treatment of neutropenia, as well as the need to analyze their incidence. Individual risk assessment of febrile neutropenia, implementation of the antimicrobial drug registry, and administration of pegylated granulocyte colony-stimulating factor reduced the incidence of neutropenia, its duration, and the number of antimicrobial drugs used. This, in turn, improved the quality of healthcare and optimized the use of hospital resources.
Analytical review of the features of the professional and psychological selection of citizens of Ukraine for Security Forces of the Sector of Security and Defense of Ukraine
Authors:   Military Institute of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kravchenko К. , О. Sokolina О. ,   Military Institute of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kravchenko К. ,   Military Institute of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv
Published: August 2023

The authors of the article analyzed the guiding documents of the security forces of the security and defense sector of Ukraine regarding the conduct of professional and psychological selection of candidates for military service to protect the territorial integrity and independence of Ukraine. The concept of professional and psychological selection and its components are defined. The problems of the peculiarities of professional and psychological selection in the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine (National Guard of Ukraine, National Police of Ukraine, State Border Service of Ukraine, and State Service for Emergency Situations), Security Service of Ukraine, and Armed Forces of Ukraine are considered. An analytical review of the features of the professional and psychological selection of Ukrainian citizens to the security forces of the security and defense sector of Ukraine made it possible to draw the following conclusions. Professional and psychological selection in the system of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine has both its general common features and a sufficient number of differences, borrowing at least some of them will make it possible to improve the quality of professional and psychological selection of candidates for service in these and other security forces. A feature of professional and psychological selection for the Security Service of Ukraine is the availability of methods aimed at diagnosing interpersonal relationships (the method for determining social intelligence, in other words, determining the ability to predict the consequences of the behavior of others, is worth paying attention to). Professional and psychological selection in the Armed Forces of Ukraine needs improvement, which is a difficult task, taking into account a large number of military accounting specialties, as well as large losses in units that need not only quick but also high-quality replenishment (taking into account the full-scale invasion of the Russian Federation on the territory of Ukraine.
MEETING WITH THE DOUBLE: THE PHENOMENON OF DOUBLE IN PROSE YURI KOSACH, IHOR KOSTETSKY, VIKTOR DOMONTOVYCH
Authors:   Shevchenko Institute of Literature, National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Vasylenko Vadym
Published: August 2023

The paper is devoted to the study of the artistic interpretation of the phenomenon of duality in Ukrainian emigration prose, in particular in the works of Yuri Kosach ("The Voice from afar"), Ihor Kostetsky ("The price of a human name"), and Viktor Domontovych ("The tamed haydamak"). The peculiarities of interpretation by Ukrainian émigré writers of the concepts of duality and double, their ideological content and autobiographical overtones are analyzed. Attention is focused on the creation of a system of double characters, the main artistic techniques used by the authors to depict the duality of man and the world as well as inter-textual parallels of the studied texts. Duality is considered in these texts both as a certain motive realized through understanding the phenomenon of duality of a person and the world, and as an artistic device that affects the organization of the work system (figurative, plot, composition). It is noted that in the texts under study, the phenomenon of duality, although it has distinctly romantic features, demonstrates new changes based on modernist artistic means and associated with the problem of identity. It is artistically expressed by such means as the principle of "polar mirroring", the interweaving of "external" and "internal" plots, the sleep as an artistic technique, the motif of the "mechanic man", etc. In the content of the works, it is realized thought an appeal to the theme of taboo, isolated and repressed memory (by Yuri Kosach), the question of name and biography (by Ihor Kostetsky), the problem of the integrity of the human personality (by Viktor Domontovych). It is argued that the phenomenon of duality turned out to be a fairly productive artistic model, which made it possible to identity significant contradictions in the human character and thinking, to realize the complexity and ambiguity of the world and the person in it, their interconnectedness and interdependence.
Procedure for the calculation and analysis of the basic transcritical cycle CO2
Authors: Talyzin Maksim S.
Published: August 2023

The increasingly strict legislations in the field of ecology have necessitated the search for novel refrigerants that can be alternatives to the existing refrigerants.
One option is the use of so-called natural refrigerants, including ammonia, СО2, and propane.
Although there is considerable research interest in the use of СО2 as a refrigerant, the required calculation procedures have not been sufficiently described in literature. In addition to the calculation of cycles and the determination of parameters at the base points, conducting an efficiency analysis to determine the optimal solution is necessary.
The purpose of this study was to develop a methodology for calculating and analyzing the basic transcritical СО2 cycle of.
The calculation related to the transcritical cycle is based on the fundamental laws of thermodynamics, and the analysis is based on the entropy-statistical method of thermodynamic analysis.
The calculation includes the analysis of compression loss with respect to system components.
A description of the operation of the basic transcritical СО2 cycle having two temperature levels and the procedure for calculating and analyzing losses in the elements of the refrigerating unit operating according to the basic transcritical СО2 cycle are reported herein.
Using this method, identifying the elements and processes with the maximum losses and taking measures to improve the efficiency of the refrigeration system would be possible.
Mathematical modeling of heat and mass transfer processes of air masses in premises with an ice arena
Authors: Burkov Ivan A. , Kolosov Michail  A. , Zharov Anton A. , Kolishkin Leonid М. , Andreev Nikolay  A.
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND: The ventilation and air conditioning systems for ice arenas should not only provide a comfortable environment for the people indoors and on the ice but also protect the ice surface from moisture condensation. The use of finite element methods in designing the ventilation systems will make it possible to determine the temperature and humidity conditions in the entire volume of the ventilated room at the calculation stage and, if necessary, to correct the ventilation parameters at minimal costs at the design stage.
AIM: To describe the methods of numerical simulation of heat and mass transfer in a room taking into account the humidity and radiant heat exchange for the case of a small training arena.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: ANSYS CFX software was used for modeling, using the finite volume method for calculations. The object of the study was a digital twin of a small training ice arena, making it possible to take into account the thermal-physical processes occurring in the room. Analysis was performed for the steady-state (stationary) heat and mass transfer condition. The modeling results were evaluated by considering air temperature and humidity contours in the most characteristic secant planes. Given that the direct determination of air humidity was not possible using the software package, a description of a method for the determination of humidity by empirical equations was provided.
RESULTS: It was numerically established that the air targets are met in the ice arena under the given parameters of operation of the ventilation system, with no moisture condensation on the surface of the ice, and comfortable conditions maintained in the areas where people are present.
CONCLUSION: The modeling of the heat and mass exchange processes in the ice arena room makes it possible to avoid ice damage from moisture condensation as well as ensure the comfort of people present on the ice and in the bleachers.
Tracking the Effect of Human Activity on MeSO-net Noise Using Seismic Data Traffic—Did Seismic Noise in Tokyo Truly Decrease during the COVID-19 State of Emergency?
Authors: Hayashida Takumi , Yoshimi Masayuki , Suzuki Haruhiko , Mori Shinichiro , Kagawa Takao , Ichii Koji , Yamada Masayuki
Published: August 2023

Human activities cause seismic noise over 1 Hz (cultural noise), and the recent articles have reported that the curtailing of socioeconomic activities during the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic in 2020 appeared to reduce high-frequency seismic noise amplitudes in cities. The Tokyo metropolitan area in Japan, where seismic stations are densely distributed and various anthropogenic activities have been closely monitored, is an ideal study area to investigate the effect of human activity on high-frequency seismic noise during the pandemic. We demonstrated that the magnitude of seismic data traffic (SDT), indexed by the packet size of continuous seismic data in WIN32 format, is a good indicator for monitoring time-dependent changes in high-frequency noise levels. The SDT of 169 Metropolitan Seismic Observation network (MeSO-net) stations—a continuous accelerometer network that is mostly located at schools in the Tokyo metropolitan area—decreased by approximately 1%–3% from March to June 2020, when a state of emergency in Japan was first declared, compared with that in the previous year. We revealed that the SDT decrease was prominent only at stations near school buildings, and the SDT trend was uncorrelated with the temporal changes in the population and vehicular traffic volume near the seismic stations. We also found strong correlations between the SDT reduction and school size (classified by the number of students enrolled), implying that the noise decrease at the MeSO-net stations during the pandemic was strongly influenced by school-based activities. Thus, the noise reduction observed at MeSO-net stations during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 did not provide strong evidence of quieting in the Tokyo metropolitan area.
On the Accuracy of Surface-Wave Dispersion Measurements from Horizontal-Component Ambient Noise Cross Correlations
Authors: Xie Jinyun , Luo Yinhe , Yang Yingjie , Xie Yanan , Yang Xiaozhou
Published: August 2023

At present, both Rayleigh and Love waves can be extracted from cross-correlations of ambient noise in ambient noise tomography (ANT). It has been demonstrated that accurate Rayleigh-wave dispersion curves can be extracted from vertical-component noise when noise sources are evenly distributed in space. However, because the rotation of horizontal components alters the distributions of effective sources in horizontal–horizontal cross correlations between a pair of stations, it is still not completely sure if dispersion curves of Rayleigh and Love waves extracted from horizontal-component noise data are accurate for ANT. In this study, through numerical simulations, we demonstrate that surface-wave phase velocities extracted from the horizontal–horizontal cross-correlation functions (CCFs) systematically deviate from structural phase velocity even when noise sources are evenly distributed in space. The deviations of phase velocities quickly increase with decreasing station separations of CCFs when station separations are shorter than three wavelengths. Further analysis on field data recorded at seismic stations in the contiguous United States confirms the existence of the phase-velocity deviations of Rayleigh and Love waves when they are measured from horizontal–horizontal CCFs. Because the deviations become smaller with increasing station separations and are less than 0.25% at station separations longer than three wavelengths, we suggest that it is best to only select those CCFs with station separations longer than three wavelengths in ANT when measuring phase velocities of surface waves from horizontal-component CCFs, such as Love waves from radial–radial CCFs.
Hambatan serta upaya guru geografi dalam melaksanakan pembelajaran pada masa pandemi COVID-19 di SMA Negeri Kota dan Kabupaten Pasuruan
Authors: Wijaya M. Syahidan Wahdin , Rosyida Fatiya , Insani Nailul , Soekamto Hadi
Published: August 2023

The emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia has caused changes in the learning system. This creates obstacles for teachers, students, and guardians of students. The study aimed to obtain various information about barriers and the efforts made by teachers in the bold learning process (on the network) or online at SMAN Pasuruan. The method used in this research is a quantitative descriptive method. The population in the study were geography teachers at SMAN Kota and Kabupaten Pasuruan. The data collection technique used a closed questionnaire of 28 items to determine the obstacles experienced by the teacher and an open questionnaire of 28 items to determine the efforts made by the teacher. Data analysis used a descriptive percentage technique. Based on the results of research conducted, it can be seen that 70 percent of teachers are hampered. The obstacles experienced by teachers are divided into three indicators, namely: 1) learning planning, in learning planning, 26.6 percent of teachers are hampered, 2) learning implementation, in the implementation of learning, 63.3 percent are hampered teachers, 3) learning and learning evaluation in the assessment and evaluation of learning, it is known that 59.9 percent of teachers are hampered. Suggestions for further researchers to use data collection with interviews so that the results obtained are more in-depth and detailed.

Kemunculan pandemi COVID-19 di Indonesia menyebabkan perubahan sistem pembelajaran. Hal tersebut memunculkan hambatan bagi pengajar, murid, dan wali murid. Tujuan penelitian untuk mendapatkan berbagai informasi tentang hambatan serta upaya yang dilakukan pengajar dalam proses pembelajaran daring (dalam jaringan) atau online di SMAN Pasuruan. Metode yang dipakai dalam penelitian berupa metode deskriptif kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian adalah guru geografi SMAN Kota dan Kabupaten Pasuruan. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan angket tertutup sejumlah 28 butir soal untuk mengetahui hambatan yang dialami guru dan angket terbuka sejumlah 28 butir soal untuk mengetahui upaya yang dilakukan guru. Data dianalisis menggunakan teknik deskriptif persentase. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan dapat diketahui bahwa sebesar 70 persen guru yang terhambat. Hambatan yang dialami guru dibagi menjadi tiga indikator, yaitu: 1) perencanaan pembelajaran, dalam perencanaan pembelajaran diketahui sebesar 26,6 persen guru yang terhambat, 2) pelaksanaan pembelajaran, dalam pelaksanaan pembelajaran diketahui sebesar 63,3 persen guru yang terhambat, 3) penilaian dan evaluasi pembelajaran, dalam penilaian dan evaluasi pembelajaran diketahui sebesar 59,9 persen guru yang terhambat. Saran bagi peneliti selanjutnya agar menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data dengan wawancara, supaya hasil yang diperoleh lebih mendalam dan detail.
Levity, an Eccentric Form in Modern Poetry, Unveils Confused Emotion and the Absence of Central Religion
Authors: Arafat Md. Lutful
Published: August 2023

It is widely acknowledged that the inherent component of emotional episodes and modern points of interest lies with the theory of the 'unconscious' state of mind and its influences on human nature. Contemporary poems portray the dilemma of the age in minute analysis of moral & spiritual ailments of lost & misdirected individuals and their anxieties. The objective of the essay is to demonstrate the nature and quality of the mind the poets portrayed. The modern era is a period of disintegration and interrogation following the choice between different ideas and philosophy, religion and science, capitalism, and socialism. And the artifice, levity, is a suitable instrument employed to propagate the complexities and intricacies of contemporary Western urban life to favor the variety of literary techniques such as intertextuality, allusion, juxtaposition, discontinuity, fragmentation, self-consciousness, ambiguity, and emphasis on de-structured subjectivity. Our purpose is to mark the quest of poets to exhibit poor fascination of mind unable to face challenges of the existing world resulting from a lack of spiritual accomplishment or weakening religious consciousness followed by the rise of frivolous persuasion, an improvised task that modern poets endeavored.
Pediculosis: rompiendo el estigma. Actualidades en su prevención y tratamiento
Authors: Lomelí Valdez Rodrigo , García Romero María Teresa
Published: August 2023

Los piojos son insectos ectoparásitos hematófagos ápteros (sin alas) que pertenecen al parvorden Phthiraptera y a la superfamilia Anoplura, conocida como piojos chupadores.1 A diferencia de otros ectoparásitos, los piojos pasan todo su ciclo de vida en el humano. La pediculosis es la infestación humana originada por piojos y puede ser causada por tres distintos tipos: Pediculus humanus var capitis (piojos de la cabeza), Phtirus pubis (piojos del pubis o ladillas) y Pediculus humanus var corporis (piojos de la ropa).
Проектирование и эксплуатация турбоустановок малой энергетики
Authors: Парамонова А.О.
Published: August 2023

В работе рассматриваются основные особенности проектирования и эксплуатации турбин малой мощности в составе энергетических установок распределенной энергетики. Анализируются особенности рабочих режимов турбин данного типа. Приводятся данные о проблемах и перспективах применения этих установок в России и за рубежом.
Обзор лекарственных растений, применяемых при заболеваниях кожи
Authors: Гусенханова М.Г.
Published: August 2023

В настоящее время, очень большое количество населения страдает теми или иными кожными заболеваниями. Довольно большое количество болезней связано со многими факторами, которые по-своему влияют на наш организм. Наша кожа-это весьма сложный орган, который четко регулирует такие взаимодействия как клеточные и молекулярные, происходит управление многими ответными реакциями, которые возникают на действие факторов окружающей среды.
Роль витамина С в организме
Authors: Карсанова А.Л.
Published: August 2023

Витамин С – водорастворимое органическое соединение. Часто можно услышать его другое название – аскорбиновая кислота. Организм человека не синтезирует и не накапливает этот витамин. Поэтому он имеет высокую биологическую ценность, и должен присутствовать в рационе любого человека ежедневно.
Arteterapia w twórczym rozwoju. Ćwiczenia warsztaty projekty dla dzieci i młodzieży
Authors: Karolak Wiesław , Karolak Barbara
Published: August 2023

Publikacja składa się z trzech rozdziałów. Rozdział pierwszy to rozważania związane z istotą najprostszej jednostki dydaktycznej i treningowej, jaką są ćwiczenia. W dalszej części tego rozdziału prezentowane są scenariusze i opisy realizacji piętnastu przykładowych ćwiczeń. Drugi rozdział zawiera rozważania związane z istotą większej jednostki dydaktycznej, terapeutycznej, artystycznej, jaką są warsztaty. W dalszej części tego rozdziału prezentowane są scenariusze zajęć warsztatowych z dokumentacją fotograficzną i opisami. Trzeci rozdział zawiera rozważania związane z istotą najbardziej rozbudowanej, a zarazem dość skomplikowanej jednostki dydaktycznej, terapeutycznej, artystycznej, jaką są projekty. W tym rozdziale – podobnie jak w dwóch poprzednich – prezentowane są scenariusze, opisy wybranych projektów wraz z dokumentacją fotograficzną i opisami. Książka może stanowić cenną pomoc dla nauczycieli, metodyków, arteterapeutów, jak również studentów wielu specjalności pedagogicznych, edukacji artystycznej i arteterapii. Z tej publikacji, jak z przewodnika, mogą korzystać wszyscy, którzy, prowadząc różne grupy zajęć, poszukują atrakcyjnych metod pracy, dających uczestnikom radość tworzenia i zwiększających efektywność działań twórczych.
Gomułkowska rzeczywistość. Łódź w latach 1956–1970
Authors: Lesiakowski Krzysztof
Published: August 2023

W książce pokazano różne aspekty funkcjonowania Łodzi i jej mieszkańców w gomułkowskich realiach lat 1956–1970, stałego rozmijania się potrzeb z możliwościami zarówno w sferze konsumpcji, jak też inwestycji. Opisano dynamikę zmian podczas tzw. postalinowskiej odwilży oraz rozwój administracyjno-społeczno-kulturalny miasta. Scharakteryzowano aparat partyjno-państwowy i mechanizmy jego działania, a także stosunki świeckiego państwa ze strukturami Kościoła katolickiego, w tym konflikt między tymi podmiotami na tle sporu o charakter obchodów Tysiąclecia Chrztu Polski. Ponadto na przykładzie rewolty studenckiej z marca 1968 r. omówiono niechlubny koniec „siermiężnego socjalizmu” na gruncie łódzkim.
Religia ewolucyjna
Authors: Schellenberg John L.
Published: August 2023

Czy religia ewoluuje razem z nami? Jak będzie wyglądać religia przyszłości? Czy możliwy jest sojusz między sceptycyzmem a wiarą? Na jakim etapie rozwoju ewolucyjnego znajduje się ludzkość? Jak religia ewolucyjna wykazuje naszą gatunkową niedojrzałość? John L. Schellenberg wychodzi z założenia, że teorię ewolucji można pogodzić z wierzeniami religijnymi. Uważa, że religia przyszłości powinna mieć charakter sceptycki i zawierać jak najmniej twierdzeń o otaczającej nas rzeczywistości. Spójność tych zaskakujących wniosków autor utrzymuje dzięki pojęciu „czasu głębokiego”, za pomocą którego obrazuje nasze miejsce na linii rozwoju ewolucyjnego i nową perspektywę dla myślenia religijnego.
Jacek Hugo-Bader. Włóczęga
Authors: Adamczewska-Baranowska Izabella
Published: August 2023

Reporterów podzielić można na poważnych i niepoważnych, salonowych i trotuarowych. Jacek Hugo-Bader to najbardziej znany polski przedstawiciel dziennikarstwa awanturniczego. Król reportażu wcieleniowego, dowcipny kronikarz polskiej transformacji i niestrudzony eksplorator rozkładającego się Imperium. Surwiwalowiec i żartowniś. Przez lata dorobił się stalkerów, szukających w jego tekstach pomyłek i nieścisłości, oraz wielkich fanów, porwanych szczerością i bezkompromisowością autora niebojącego się wchodzić w cudze buty i przyglądającego się światu „z perspektywy mrówki”. „Jeśli reportaż uznać za owoc mezaliansu literatury z brukowcem, to akurat to dziecko bardzo niewiele odziedziczyło po swoim brutalnym ojcu w klapkach, bokserkach i podkoszulku” – pisał Hugo-Bader o reportażu Remigiusza Ryzińskiego Foucault w Warszawie. Jego własne reporterskie dzieci byłyby krzyżówką nonszalanckiego backpackersa z Ryszardem Kapuścińskim po wypiciu kilku szklanek rosyjskiej wódki. Topos włóczęgi jako dominanty interpretacyjnej swojego życiopisania autor podrzucił czytelnikom sam, w wielu tekstach odwołując się do motywu „wałęsającego się psa”. Badając pisarski potencjał drzemiący w włóczędze i trampowaniu, autorka sięga m.in. do tekstów Rebekki Solnit oraz tradycji literatury plebejskiej i pikareski, wykorzystując narzędzia wypracowane w literaturoznawstwie w konsekwencji tzw. zwrotu przestrzennego. Pomysł na kompozycję książki oparty jest na wektorach (centrum/prowincja, Wschód/Zachód, „podziemie”/„odloty”). To nie tylko pierwsza całościowa próba prezentacji dokonań reporterskich Hugo-Badera, również cząstkowa biografia autora, który nie lubi o sobie mówić i skąpi czytelnikom wypisów z życiorysu, choć odpryski życia rodzinnego przedostają się niekiedy do jego tekstów. Autorka nie przeprowadza śledztwa, jak Artur Domosławski, gdy „sprawdzał” Kapuścińskiego czy Bill Steigerwald, wyruszający tropem Steinbecka. Jej intencją nie jest ani audyt, ani skupianie się na reporterskich czy życiowych „skuchach”. To prezentacja tekstowego show ioculatora, wędrownego aktora i sztukmistrza, trickstera polskiego reportażu.