bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Predication and NP structure in an omnipredicative language: The case of Khoekhoe
Authors: Hahn Michael
Published: December 2021

We examine noun phrases and predication in Khoekhoe, a Central Khoisan language, arguing that members of all open word classes can function equally and without derivation as predicates, and that predicative use is primary and referential use is derived syntactically by relativization. We then present a formal HPSG analysis, in which members of all open word classes enter the syntax as predicates and in which all argument NPs are derived in a uniform manner as projections of pronominal elements, modified by relative clauses, building on Sag's (1997) analysis of English relative clauses. We will then argue that, additionally, DPs may project directly to clauses, yielding a second predication structure.
Between complex predicates and regular phrases: German collocational clusters
Authors: Cook Philippa
Published: December 2021

I argue for a new type of non-standard constituent in German; a modifier-collocational-cluster. This type of cluster combines (i) a modifier and (ii) a
PP from a light-verb construction (or a Funktionsverbgefüge (FVG) as they are known in German) or a bare noun. Such strings are found in German in initial
(prefield) position in certain cases of apparent multiple fronting. We are dealing with a syntax-semantics mismatch here since the modifier does not semantically modify the element with which it can first syntactically combine. I show that the modifier is a collocate of both its co-prefield element but also of the verb. I propose a schema which lexically licenses the building of such clusters and I show how we can encode information about what I refer to as collocational selection
in the lexical entries of the type of lexemes involved in these multi-word strings. The analysis can be seen as lexical but does not require lexical storage
of phrasal elements.
The polyfunctionality of Coptic Egyptian relative complementisers
Authors: Crysmann Berthold , Reintges Chris H.
Published: December 2021

The present study is concerned with the complex ways in which alternating relative complementisers in Coptic are employed as a morphological flagging device for unbounded dependencies in various types of relative clause constructions and wh questions. We shall argue in particular that the alternation in shape is locally conditioned by properties of the complement (TAME) and the antecedent noun (definiteness), which can be modelled via selectional features such as COMPS and MOD, plus the prosodic status of right-adjacent material (phrase vs. clitic). We shall show that all applicable conditions carry over from relatives to wh in-situ, suggesting to model the polyfunctionality of these complementisers in terms a systematic alternation between resumptive SLASH and in-situ QUE dependencies, modelled in terms of a lexical rule.

Furthermore, we shall discuss the status of unbounded dependencies and argue that the pervasiveness of resumption with relatives and ex-situ wh arguments can be attributed to the absence of gap-synsem on ARG-ST . We shall argue that apparent subject “gaps” in relative constructions are of a highly local nature, best to be understood in terms of subcategorisation for a finite VP complement. Finally, we shall show that the ban on argument gaps does not carry over to wh ex-situ adjuncts, providing additional motivation for maintaining a systematic distinction between these two types of extraction.
Negation in Nanti: Syntactic evidence for head and dependent negators
Authors: Inman David , Morrison Ruth
Published: December 2021

In this paper we argue that, despite a lack of morphological markers on its negators, Nanti shows syntactic evidence for two negation strategies in the main clause: head negation and modifier negation. The head negator motivates the construction of a hierarchy of forms, and the interaction of the main clause negators motivates an additional head feature. We then extend the analysis to a previously unconsidered negator in the language. Finally, our analysis is implemented and tested in a grammar based on the LinGO Grammar Matrix.
Divergence in expressing definiteness between Mandarin and Cantonese
Authors: Sio Joanna Ut-Seong , Song Sanghoun
Published: December 2021

In this paper, we model the dialectal variation in the expression of definiteness in Mandarin and Cantonese adopting the Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar (HPSG) framework (Pollard & Sag, 1994) and Minimal Recursion Semantics (MRS) (Copestake et al., 2005).
Feeling our way to an analysis of English possessed idioms
Authors: Bond Francis , Ho Jia Qian , Flickinger Dan
Published: December 2021

This paper describes an analysis for possessive idioms in English (e.g. ˋI twiddle my thumbs' ˋˋI am idle''). The analysis relies on matching at the semantic level, to allow for syntactic variation. It has been implemented in the English Resource Grammar, and tested by parsing a subset of the British National Corpus. In addition to the syntactic analysis, we have linked the idioms to entries in the Princeton Wordnet, to allow for further lexical semantic analysis.
Exhaustive object control constructions in Greek: An LFG/XLE treatment
Authors: Fiotaki Alexandra , Tzortzi Katerina
Published: December 2021

In this paper we
propose an LFG/XLE treatment of Exhaustive Object Control (EOC)
constructions in Greek na clauses. We draw on data retrieved from the
Hellenic National Corpus (HNC) in order to define the verbs that allow
EOC. We treat EOC using anaphoric control. We take the subject of the
subordinate na clause (controllee) to be a PRO marked with nominative
case that is anaphorically related to the object of the matrix clause
(controller). We implement this analysis in our LFG/XLE Grammar by
adding the new feature ANAPH_C_BY.
Basic copula clauses in Indonesian
Authors: Moeljadi David , Bond Francis , Morgado da Costa Luís
Published: December 2021

We want to show how basic copula clauses in
Indonesian can be dealt with within the framework of Head Driven
Phrase Structure Grammar (HPSG) (Pollard & Sag, 1994). We analyzed
three types of basic copula clauses in Indonesian: copula clauses with
noun phrase complements (NP) expressing the notions of 'proper
inclusion' and 'equation', adjective phrases (AP) expressing
'attribution', and prepositional phrases (PP) expressing relationships
such as 'location'. Our analysis is implemented in the Indonesian
Resource Grammar (INDRA), a computational grammar for Indonesian
(Moeljadi et al., 2015).
Flexible phrasal constructions, constituent structure and (cross-linguistic) generalizations: A discussion of template-based phrasal LFG approaches
Authors: Müller Stefan
Published: December 2021

This paper discusses recent LFG proposals on resultative and benefactive constructions. I show that
neither resultative nor benefactive constructions are fully fixed and that this flexibility requires
traces or a stipulation of constructional templates at several unrelated places in the grammar,
something that is not necessary in lexical approaches.
A second part of the paper deals with the active/passive alternation and shows that
language-internal generalizations are missed if constraints are assumed to be contributed by phrase
structure rules. A third part examines the parallel constructions in German and shows that
cross-linguistic generalizations are not captured by phrasal approaches.
Reducing grammatical functions in LFG
Authors: Patejuk Agnieszka , Przepiórkowski Adam
Published: December 2021

The aim of this paper is to reexamine the rich repertoire of
grammatical functions assumed in LFG and provide novel arguments for
the claim, voiced earlier for example in Alsina et al. 2005, that most
of them are redundant. We also demonstrate that a textbook LFG test
for the sameness of grammatical functions of different predicates
fails on closer scrutiny. Constructively, we propose a more
constrained approach to grammatical functions, which, however, has the
advantage of formalising the grammatical function hierarchy, assumed
in LFG analyses of diverse phenomena but apparently not previously
formalised.
Simple and complex comparatives in Modern Standard Arabic
Authors: Alsulami Abeer , Arnold Doug , Borsley Robert D.
Published: December 2021

Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) has simple and complex comparatives, which look rather like their counterparts in many other languages. MSA simple comparatives are indeed like those of other languages, but MSA complex comparatives are quite different. They involve an adjective with a nominal complement, which may be an adjectival noun or an ordinary noun, and are rather like so-called ˋadjectival constructs'. Simple comparatives, complex comparatives, and adjectival constructs can all be analysed with lexical rules within HPSG.
Resumption and case: A new take on Modern Standard Arabic
Authors: Crysmann Berthold
Published: December 2021

Over the past few years, there has been renewed interest in the treatment of resumption in HPSG: despite areas of convergence, e.g. the recognition of
resumptive dependencies as dependencies, as motivated by Across-the-Board (ATB) extraction, there is no unified theory to date, with differences
pertaining, e.g., to the exact formulation of amalgamation (Ginzburg and Sag, 2000), or the place of island constraints in grammar. While Borsley (2010) and Alotaibi and Borsley (2013) relegate the difference in locality of gap and resumptive dependencies to the performance system, Crysmann (2012, 2016) captures insensitivity to strong islands as part of the grammar. Harmonising existing proposals becomes even more acute, if we consider the
cross-linguistic similarity of the phenomenon, in particular, if we compare languages like Hausa and Arabic, which both feature island insensitivity to some
degree, as well as bound pronominal resumptive objects and zero pronominal resumptive subjects, to name just a few of the parallels.
In this paper, I shall reexamine resumption (and extraction) in Modern Standard Arabic (henceforth: MSA) and propose a reanalysis that improves
on Alotaibi and Borsley (2013) in several areas: first, I shall argue that controlling the distribution of gaps and resumptives by means of case is not only
empirically under-motivated but also leads to counter-intuitive constraint specifications in the majority of cases. Second, I shall show that the case-based account of Alotaibi and Borsley (2013) can be straightforwardly supplanted with the weight-based account I proposed in Crysmann (2016): in doing this, one
does not only get a better alignment of case assignment constraints with overtly observable manifestations of case, but such an account is also general enough
to scale from case languages, such as MSA, to languages without case, such as
Hausa, or many Arabic vernaculars. Finally, I shall address case in ATB extraction and propose a refinement of the Coordination Constraint of Pollard and
Sag (1994) that accounts for exactly the kind of mismatch observed in mixed
gap/resumptive ATB extraction
An incremental approach to gapping in Japanese
Authors: Haugereid Petter
Published: December 2021

Gapping in Japanese, which is an SOV language, differs from gapping in SVO languages in that the conjuncts with the elided verbs appear in non-final position. In this paper I present an incremental approach to gapping in Japanese, where it is assumed that an argument structure type is constructed in the non-final clause(s) in the gapping construction. This type is unified with the construction type created by the final clause resulting in identical construction types for all conjuncts in the construction.
Representing scales: Degree result clauses and emphatic negative polarity items in Romanian
Authors: Rizea Monica-Mihaela , Sailer Manfred
Published: December 2021

The paper proposes a representational re-encoding of the scalar, pragmatic accounts of NPI licensing within the framework of Lexical Resource Semantics (LRS). The analysis focuses on a less researched distribution pattern: emphatic NPIs occurring in result clause constructions that receive an intensification reading. We will provide a scalar extension of a standard semantic account of result clauses to capture the high degree interpretations. Our investigation will also offer new insights on NPI licensing in embedded clauses. We will primarily consider Romanian data.
An inside-out approach to French causatives
Authors: Aguila-Multner Gabrielle , Crysmann Berthold
Published: December 2021

In this paper, we provide a novel account of French causatives that crucially derives the core
properties of the construction inside-out from the downstairs lexical verb to the causative verb, rather than outside-in, as is commonly assumed by argument composition (Miller & Sag, 1997; Abeillé & Godard,
1997; Abeillé et al., 1998). We shall argue on the basis of clitic trapping (Miller & Sag, 1997), as well as marking of the downstairs subject (Koenig, 1998) that the downstairs verb assumes a more active role than what is suggested by an argument composition approach and, conversely, we shall show that argument composition leads to problems with coordination and with en-cliticisation. The analysis we are going to propose combines an inversion analysis of the downstairs subject as a downstairs complement, accounting for scrambling and case marking, with an analysis of clitic climbing in terms of inflectional periphrasis (Aguila-Multner & Crysmann 2020).
Multiple question fronting without relational constraints: An analysis of Russian as a basis for cross-linguistic modeling
Authors: Zamaraeva Olga , Emerson Guy
Published: December 2021

We present an analysis of multiple question fronting in a restricted variant of the HPSG formalism (DELPH-IN) where unification is the only natively defined operation. Analysing multiple fronting in this formalism is challenging, because it requires carefully handling list appends, something that HPSG analyses of question fronting heavily rely on. Our analysis uses the append list type to address this challenge. We focus the testing of our analysis on Russian, although we also integrate it into the Grammar Matrix customization system where it serves as a basis for cross-linguistic modeling. In this context, we discuss the relationship of our analysis to lexical threading and conclude that, while lexical threading has its advantages, modeling multiple extraction cross-linguistically is easier without the lexical threading assumption.
The Welsh of Jesus and Job: Verb-second in Middle Welsh
Authors: Borsley Robert D.
Published: December 2021

Middle Welsh is a VSO language with the verb before the subject in all kinds of finite clause. However, positive declarative main clauses normally show verb-second order with a constituent of some kind before the finite verb. There are questions about the nature of this restriction. There are also questions about subject-initial sentences, which show surprising agreement properties, whether the subject is a topic or a focused constituent. All these questions can be given plausible answers within HPSG.
Saying and shaking ˋNo'
Authors: Lücking Andy , Ginzburg Jonathan
Published: December 2021

In many instances, the head shake can be used instead of or in addition to verbal ˋNo'. Based on previous work on negation in dialogue, we observe head shaking as answer particles and as responding to an implicit or an exophoric (i.e., real world situation) antecedent. Exophoric head shake, however, seems to come in two flavours: with positive and with negative emotional valuation of the antecedent situation. We provide semantic analyses for all three uses (and a head nod) within an HPSG version which is implemented in Type Theory with Records and the dialogue framewok KoS. In particular, we extend on previous work by grounding ˋˋexophoric negation'' in positive or negative appraisal. Finally, we briefly speculate about differences between verbal ˋNo' and head shaking due to (the lack of) simultaneity.
Verbs of deception, point of view and polarity
Authors: Hoeksema Jack
Published: December 2021

The Dutch and German verbs wijsmaken/weismachen 'make wise' have an idiomatic interpretation as verbs of deception 'to fool'. As such, they have the unusual property of being contrafactive (presupposing the falsity of their complement). With second person or generic pronoun subjects, under negation and with future orientation, they are used to express disbelief on the part of the entity denoted by the indirect object. A corpus study shows this secondary use to be especially prominent in Dutch. It depends on the availability of the point of view of experiencer and is most common with first person dative objects.
Constraining the identification of epistemic judges across different syntactic categories
Authors: Maché Jakob
Published: December 2021

As observed at various occasions, the usage of epistemic adverbs in information seeking questions is by far more restricted than the usage of epistemic adjectives. Starting from Lyons (1977) this contrast was motivated assuming that different types of epistemic operators come with different semantics and scope positions in the utterance, namely objective vs. subjective epistemic modality. However it is not possible to define clear classes of objective epistemic modal operators in terms of clear diagnostics. It will be shown here that the contrast of acceptability is more accurately explained in terms of locality and binding properties of the variable for the attitude holder rendering the epistemic judgement. If locally bound, epistemic modal operators can be embedded, if not, they are subject to much stricter conditions in order to be interpretable.
GRACE Misyonu ve GLDAS Modeli ile Su Kütlesi Değişimlerinin İzlenmesi ve İklimsel Faktörlerin Değişimlere Etkisi: Konya Havzası Örneği
Authors: ZERAY ÖZTÜRK Emel
Published: December 2021

Son yıllarda gözlemlenen iklim değişimleri, su kaynaklarının etkin kullanımını gerektirmektedir. Bu bakımdan sürdürülebilir su yönetimi için izlenen politikalar, su hareketliliğinin sürekli izlenmesini zorunlu kılmaktadır. Su kaynaklarının takibini, trend kestirimlerini ve su alanlarındaki değişimin görselleştirilmesine yönelik harita üretimini, son yıllarda uzaktan algılama teknolojisi ile gerçekleştirilebilmek mümkündür. Özellikle uydu gravimetrisi ve global hidrolojik modellerin entegrasyonu ile bu çalışmalar görece hızlı ve düşük maliyetle yürütülebilmektedir. Bu çalışmada GRACE (Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment) uydu misyonu ve GLDAS (Global Land Data Assimilation System) kara hidroloji model verileri kullanılarak Konya havzasının bulunduğu bölgede su kütlesi değişimleri (TWSA: Total Water Storage Anomaly) irdelenmiştir. Ayrıca iklim değişimlerinin sonuçlar üzerindeki kısa ve uzun dönemdeki etkileri araştırılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar, 2002-2020 yılları arasında çalışma bölgesindeki yeraltı su kütlesi (YSK) ve buna bağlı olarak toplam su kütlesi değişimlerinin uzun dönemde negatif yönlü trende sahip olduğunu göstermektedir. Bununla birlikte, TWSA ile iklim değişkenlerinden sıcaklık ve yağış faktörlerinin iki ve üç aylık gecikme dönemlerinde yüksek korelasyona sahip olduğu anlaşılmaktadır.
Dikey Eksende Eğilim Çözümlemesi Yöntemi
Authors: GÜÇLÜ Yavuz Selim
Published: December 2021

Sera gazı miktarındaki ciddi artışla birlikte iklim değişikliği daha da hızlanmıştır. Meteorolojik ve hidrolojik veriler incelendiğinde bu değişikliğin etkisi net biçimde ortaya çıkmaktadır. Verilerin incelenmesi için de eğilim çözümleme yöntemleri sıklıkla kullanılmaktadır. Son zamanlarda Şen’in geliştirdiği Yenilikçi eğilim çözümlemesi (YEÇ) yöntemi görselleştirme yaparak verilerin trend durumlarının açığa çıkarılmasına ve tanımlanmasına imkân tanımaktadır. Bu makalenin temel amacı farklı bir grafik gösterimine başvurarak YEÇ yönteminin bir türevini geliştirmektir ve eğilimleri alternatif bir yaklaşım ile ortaya çıkarmaktır. Türkiye'nin Akdeniz, Akdeniz-Karadeniz geçiş ve karasal iklim bölgelerinde ölçülmüş veriler için uygulanan bu alternatif yöntem klasik YEÇ yaklaşımına göre farklı eğilim bilgilerini ortaya çıkarmaktadır. Bu makalede önerilen dikey eksen trend analiz yaklaşımı YEÇ yönteminden farklı olarak grafik üzerinde veri sayısını göstermektedir ve ölçümlerin yüksek, orta ve düşük değer aralığında nasıl dağıldığını açığa çıkarmaktadır. Bu çalışmada yapılan uygulamalar Türkiye'nin farklı kısımlarında yer alan Kırklareli, Yalova ve Alanya istasyonlarındaki 50 yıllık yağış kayıtlarını içermektedir. Kırklareli verilerinde bütüncül artan trend tespit edilirken önerilen yöntem ile ayrıca ölçümlerin tüm veri aralıklarında homojen dağıldığı görülmüştür. Yalova ve Alanya ölçümlerinde ise bütüncül olmayan azalan trende rastlanırken verilerin dağılımında homojen olmayan durum belirlenmiştir.
PIBID DE MATEMÁTICA NATAL: AÇÕES NA EDUCAÇÃO BÁSICA
Authors: SOUSA GISELLE Costa de , Balvin Fabian Arley Posada , Pontes Mércia de Oliveira
Published: December 2021

O artigo pretende apresentar ações realizadas no domínio do Programa de Bolsa de Iniciação à Docência (PIBID), subprojeto de Matemática/Natal da UFRN que tem dentre seus objetivos promover ações de formações inicial e continuada no âmbito da Educação Básica, propiciando uma reflexão crítica sobre formação e sobre prática docente que possibilite transformações que imprimam qualidade às formações e práticas. Para tanto, as práticas pedagógicas desenvolvidas são balizadas pelas tendências em Educação Matemática, a saber: Resolução de Problemas; Investigação Matemática; Modelagem; uso de Materiais Manipulativos; Jogos Didáticos; Tecnologias Digitais de Informação e Comunicação; História da Matemática; Etnomatemática, entre outras.  Entre as ações destacamos a dinamização dos Laboratórios de Ensino de Matemática e  Clubes de Matemática, realização de torneios e de feiras científicas, preparação para exames e, desenvolvimento de projetos pedagógicos. Os resultados das atividades realizadas são socializados pelos bolsistas em eventos científicos da área com alcances local, regional e nacional.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DO PIBID E DO AGENTE PROFESSOR SUPERVISOR NA FORMAÇÃO DOCENTE DO CURSO DE LICENCIATURA EM GEOGRAFIA DO CAMPUS DE NATAL DA UFRN
Authors: Troleis Adriano Lima , Albuquerque Edu Silvestre de , Araújo Elisabeth Cristina Dantas de
Published: December 2021

O Programa Institucional de Bolsa de Iniciação à Docência (PIBID) tem como principal objetivo incentivar a formação de professores a partir da inserção dos bolsistas nas escolas de atuação, ainda no período do curso de licenciatura. O Subprojeto PIBID Geografia Natal foi contemplado no Edital CAPES 02/2009, e atua em quatro escolas da rede estadual de ensino em Natal. O presente artigo apresenta e discute a autoavaliação realizada pelos bolsistas de iniciação à docência e professores supervisores, focando principalmente as dificuldades relacionadas à atuação docente no que se refere ao ensino de Cartografia, o aprendizado adquirido nas ações do PIBID na universidade e na escola, e a contribuição do programa na sua formação acadêmica e profissional. Percebe-se a importância da figura do professor supervisor como fundamental no acompanhamento do aluno bolsista na prática em sala de aula, e principal agente na aplicação do projeto teórico-metodológico do PIBID Geografia da UFRN.
Emotional Intelligence Contributes to the Feeling of Self-Realization: A Case of Russian Young Adults
Authors: Бороховский Евгений Ф. , Обухова Юлия В.
Published: December 2021

Introduction. Young adults compose one of the most dynamic social groups, sensitive to changes. Dependent on various personal characteristics and life circumstances, this sensitivity could lead either to successful social adaptation and subsequent life satisfaction or trigger dysfunctional behaviours and psychological maladaptation. Young adults often face the contradiction between profound need for self-realization and limited capacity for achieving it and need psychological resources to overcome this challenge. This study takes to the next new level empirical exploration of the role emotional intelligence plays in shaping self-realization in young adults. Methods. The sample of study participants included full- (N = 52) and part-time (N = 60) university students. They completed demographic forms, Multidimensional Questionnaire on Personality Self-Realization – personal, professional, and social, and the Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire. Correlational and regression analyses were employed for data processing. Results. Participants’ age, especially in conjunction with the part-time working status was negatively correlated with all three types of self-realization, Hierarchical multiple regression analysis revealed that the general factor of emotional intelligence significantly contributed to self-realization (p < 0.01). Furthermore, its interpersonal component was the strongest predictor, uniquely contributing from 7 % to 16% of explained variability in the criterion variables. Discussion. The findings indicate that emotional intelligence is a strong adaptive factor capable of compensating for the negative influence of challenging changes in life circumstances. Implications for further research and applied practice of psychological aid for young adults in their transition from educational to working environments are considered and discussed.
Метакогнитивная детерминация удовлетворенности работой в профессиях информационного типа
Authors: Карпов Анатолий В. , Леньков Сергей Л. , Рубцова Надежда Е.
Published: December 2021

Введение. Психологическое изучение профессиональной деятельности традиционно базируется на представлениях о двух ее базовых типах – объектном и субъектном. В предыдущих исследованиях мы обосновали необходимость дифференциации еще одного типа – информационного, в практическом плане выходящего на доминирующие позиции в связи с глобальной информатизацией, а в теоретическом – обладающего глубокой спецификой. Данное исследование продолжает выявление подобной специфики, рассматривая ее в ракурсе метакогнитивной организации деятельности. Новизна заключается в выявлении характерной для профессий информационного типа метакогнитивной детерминации удовлетворенности работой, которая ранее не рассматривалась. Методы. Выборка включила 235 российских профессионалов, представляющих две группы профессий – информационного и объектного типов. Применялись методики «Субшкала удовлетворенности работой Мичиганского опросника организационной оценки», «Опросник метакогнитивной осознанности», «Интегративно-типологическая профессиональная направленность личности». Результаты. Для профессий информационного типа достоверным предиктором удовлетворенности работой является общий уровень метакогнитивной осознанности, а для респондентов, у которых профессиональная направленность в высокой степени соответствует информационному типу профессии, – также уровень метакогнитивных знаний. В отличие от этого, у представителей профессий объектного типа показатели метакогнитивной осознанности не влияют на удовлетворенность работой, в том числе для респондентов с высокой степенью соответствия профессиональной направленности данному типу профессий. Обсуждение результатов. Результаты исследования сопоставлены с результатами других авторов по выраженности и межпрофессиональным различиям показателей метакогнитивной осознанности и удовлетворенности работой. Сделан вывод о том, что профессиональная деятельность информационного типа обладает спецификой, отличающей ее от деятельности объектного типа в плане метакогнитивной детерминации удовлетворенности работой.
Traditional knowledge regarding entomophagy in San Martín, Peruvian Amazon
Authors: Cerna A. , Vecco-Giove D. , Doria M. , Panduro H. , Rojas J. , García P. , Corazón-Guivin M. , Sangama B. , Macedo J. , Ubeda M. , Maes J-M.
Published: December 2021

The consumption of insects is a widespread practice among indigenous or native peoples of the Amazon. To assess the knowledge of the diversity of resources for entomophagy from the perspective of these peoples, testimonies or references about knowledge and feeding traditions of 100 people were collected in 37 localities in seven provinces of the department of San Martín in the basin of the Huallaga River. One cumulative species curve and the probability function of new species were estimated, then the probability of not finding a new species (99.5 %) to n100 was determined. The specimens that were captured in the field (54 %) were compared with representative specimens and databases, and the information provided by the participants was analysed to approximate the preliminary taxonomic locations of the remaining part of the sample. We found 46 resources for entomophagy and reported for first time in the Peruvian Amazon, the feeding with Chrysophora chrysochlora, Podalia sp., Lusura chera, and Cymothoidae, among others. Entomophagy is a deeply rooted practice in the native and riverine populations of the Huallaga basin, where Rhynchophorus palmarum, Rhinostomus barbirostris, Atta cephalotes sspp. and Brassolis sophorae were the most consumed for 78 % – 97 % of people. The least consumed species have the common characteristic of being scarce and they were part of the diet of the oldest segment in previous decades. At least 10 resources ceased to be consumed by the members of the sample. In addition to nutritional potential, the diversity of edible arthropod fauna represents complementary values for community health and cultural identity; however, most of these resources (87 %) are threatened and could disappear in brief time, as is the knowledge related to their use.
Study of Lateral Wall Thickness of the Maxillary Sinus in Left and Right
Sides for Female and Male: A Cross Sectional Retrospective Study Using
Cone Beam Computed Tomography
Authors: Alqhtani Nasser Raqe , Alqahtani Ali Robaian , Alqahtani Abdulaziz Maree , Alazemi Faisal Nahar , Shukr Abdulelah Mohammed , Alzahrani Adel , Almalki Abdulrahman Khalid , Tarakji Bassel , Alenzi Adel , Alzahrani Khaled M.
Published: December 2021

Background:

Dental implants are considered the first option to replace missing teeth.
Alveolar bone resorption gradually progresses following tooth extraction leading to loss of vertical
bone dimension for implant placement. The lateral window approach is the most commonly used
procedure to treat vertical bone loss.

Objectives:

The aim of the present study is to evaluate the lateral wall thickness (LWT) of the maxillary
sinus and determine the influence of gender and side on maxillary LWT.

Methods:

This study involved a cross sectional retrospective study. Cone- beam computed tomography
data were collected from 99 patients with a total of 198 maxillary sinuses that met the inclusion
criteria. The patient age ranged between 18 to 35 years. On the selected sagittal section, the
points of measurement are determined by a perpendicular line at 5 mm from the lowest point of the
sinus floor. Measurements were taken at four different areas; first premolar (P1), second premolar
(P2), first molar (M1), and second molar (M2). Descriptive statistics were used to calculate mean
lateral wall thickness for each tooth, and student’s t-test was used to test the effect of gender and
side on maxillary LWT.

Results:

The greatest mean LWT was observed around the left first maxillary molar (2.43±0.82),
while the lowest mean LWT was observed around the right second maxillary premolar
(1.62±0.61). There was no significant difference in the LWT around any tooth (M1 p=0.56, M2
p=0.92, P1 p=0.14, P2 p=0.19).

Conclusion:

There was no significant difference in both males and females of the lateral wall thickness
in the left and right side of maxillary sinus.
Recent Progress in Natural Anticancer Agents Discovery from Tea (Camellia
sinensis): A Review
Authors: Zhou Jingna , Li Ruilin , Jia Yanan , Wang Yajie , Liu Junyu , Panichayupakaranant Pharkphoom , Chen Haixia
Published: December 2021

Background:

Tea, as the bud from the plant Camellia sinensis, is the most consumed
popular beverage just next to water; especially green tea has gained much attention because of its
health effects. The anticancer effects of tea components including tea polyphenols, in particular epigallocatechin
gallate and tea polysaccharides, are widely investigated in recent years.

Objective:

Based on the articles and patents published in the last 10 years, this review focuses on
the structural activities and molecular mechanisms of the anticancer effects of tea components
(mainly tea polyphenols and tea polysaccharides) to provide references for future anticancer
studies of tea.

Methods:

In the database, a literature search was conducted with “tea polyphenols”, “tea
polysaccharides”, “theanine” and “anticancer” as the keywords, and the limited time range was
“2010-2021”. After sorting out and analyzing the retrieval results, the structure, activity and molecular
mechanism, as well as the research progress on the structural modification, drug delivery system
and toxicology of natural agents in tea in recent years, were summarized.

Results:

We found that the natural anticancer agents in tea mainly include tea polyphenols, tea
polysaccharides, theanine, caffeine and other components by summarizing the literature. The anticancer
mechanisms can be divided into the induction of cell apoptosis, inhibition of cell proliferation,
metastasis and invasion, and inhibition of angiogenesis. In the past 10 years, there was little
literature on the structural modification, drug delivery system and toxicological evaluation of natural
anticancer agents in tea, and there were reports of novel research on nano preparations. The
studies showed that nano preparation technology could effectively improve the bioavailability and
targeting treatment of anticancer tea components. In addition, in the past decade, patents on tea and
natural anticancer agents in tea were relatively rich, among which pharmaceutic preparation patents
were the majority, and tea polyphenols were the main ones.

Conclusion:

This paper concluded that there are many kinds of natural anticancer agents in tea,
and the anticancer mechanism is complex. Further research on the structural modification, drug delivery
system and toxicological evaluation of relevant anticancer active components can be carried
out. In general, tea components as new anticancer substances have a certain potential for development.
In addition, future research can be focused on the comprehensive study of the structure-activity
relationship, the in-depth study of the molecular mechanism, the in-depth understanding of the
anticancer effects in vivo, and the verification of large-scale production.
Abu Abdullah Muhammad bin Ibrahim Al-Bushangi (T.: 290 AH / 902 AD) and his hadith efforts
Authors: Al-Moussawi Warood Nori Hussein
Published: December 2021

Modern industry has great importance in the literature of hadith sciences, hadith scholars paid special attention to the hadith of the Prophet because of its sanctity linked to human belief, as well as the slander of lying against the Messenger of God (may God bless him and grant him peace). And they were interested in the methods of his narration, because among the basics of accepting the hadith is the methods of its transmission, and one of the scholars who have a long history in this field is Abu Abdullah Al-Bushinji, who died in the year 290 AH / 902 AD. The focus of attention and attention of scholars and narrators of hadith.
Investigating and examining the structure and the difficulties of tertiary learners in essay writing
Authors: Sitorus Nurhayati , Siregar Eva Fitri Y. , Siagian Beslina Afriani , Lestari Febrika Dwi , Silitonga Harpen
Published: December 2021

Rhetorical approach is a tool that can be used to analyze essay writing. Not only to analyze but also to help us making an essay. By using rhetorical, the writer can narrate, describe, classify, and give example. This research discusses about the structure and the difficulties of tertiary learners in essay writing based on rhetorical approach. The sample of this research was tertiary learners and they became the source of the data in the research. Writing test was used as the instrument in the research. Here, the researcher asked the tertiary learners to write an essay. Then, analyzing the data based on rhetorically approach. The result of the study showed that 55,56% tertiary learners are able in writing an essay based on the rhetorically approach. And Based on the analysis, the researcher found tertiary learners’ difficulties in essay writing, namely grammar, vocabulary, cohesion and coherence, misspelling, developing and organizing idea, and arranging or building sentences are still based on first language.
Integration of language, psychology, and technology and the concept of independence learning in reading characters in indonesian children's films as media and learning materials in character building for elementary school students-indonesia
Authors: Sondakh Daniel Stefanus Imanuel , Rahmatullah Azam Syukur , Adiyono Adiyono , Hamzah Muh. Zuhdy , Riwayatiningsih Rika , Kholifah Nanik
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this research is to integrate psychology, technology, and language in reading the characters in Indonesian children's films as media and learning materials for character building for elementary school students in Indonesia. This research design uses mixed methods. The source of research data is sourced from elementary school students' learning activities in Indonesian subjects using Indonesian children's films as media and learning materials. Data were collected using questionnaires, interviews, and focus group discussions. Respondents of this study were elementary school teachers as many as 98 teachers. Qualitative data were analyzed by interpreting techniques and presented in the form of descriptions, while quantitative data were analyzed by calculating the average student learning outcomes presented in the form of percentages. The findings of this study are twofold, namely, the findings of this study are twofold, namely by using Indonesian children's films as a medium as well as a source of learning and learning materials can shape students' character and improve student achievement.
Vibrational Spectroscopic and Molecular Docking Studies of Amrinone, a Cardiotonic Inotropic Drug-=SUP=-*-=/SUP=-
Authors: Celik Sefa , Akyuz Sevim , Ozel Aysen E. , Akalin Elif
Published: December 2021

Amrinone is a class I cardiotonic inotropic agent, which is known to increase the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) level by inhibiting the phosphodiesterase 3 (PDE3) enzyme. In this study the theoretically possible stable conformations of the amrinone, was examined first by conformational analysis method and then the obtained most stable conformation was optimized by DFT/wb97xd/6-311++G(d,p) level of theory using Gaussian 03 program. The credibility of the theoretical model was confirmed by comparison of experimental and theoretical vibrational spectra of the title molecule. The fundamental vibrational wavenumbers, IR and Raman intensities of the optimized structure of amrinone were determined using DFT/wb97xd/6-311++G(d,p) level of theory and compared with the experimental vibrational spectra. To investigate the influence of amrinone on cAMP enhancement, the docking simulations towards PDE3B were carried out and the main binding interactions of amrinone with PDE3 were elucidated. Cytochrome P450s (CYPs) are very important phase I metabolizing enzymes. The interaction between amrinone and CYPs (CYP1A2, CYP2C9 and CYP2C19) was investigated by docking simulations. Moreover, molecular docking of the title molecule with different proteins and receptors were studied to reveal potential mechanisms for therapeutic applications. Molecular docking simulations revealed that amrinone showed strong binding affinity to integrins α5β1 (Delta G=-6.6 kcal/mol) and αIIbβ3 (-6.6 kcal/mol), and DNA (-6.5 kcal/mol). The results correlated with its anticancer activity. The drug likeness and ADMET properties of amrinone were analyzed for the prediction of pharmacokinetic profiles. Key words: amrinone, DFT calculations, FTIR, Molecular Docking, ADMET.
Голографическое исследование отклика клеток линии HeLa на фотодинамическое воздействие с эндогенно генерируемым протопорфирином IX
Authors: Жихорева А.А. , Белашов А.И. , Ахундзянов А.А. , Беглова Е.В. , Горбенко Д.А. , Литвинов И.К. , Салова А.В. , Беляева Т.Н. , Корнилова Е.С. , Семенова И.В. , Васютинский О.С.
Published: December 2021

С помощью цифровой голографической микроскопии исследованы изменения морфологических и оптических параметров клеток линии HeLa, предварительно инкубированных с 5-аминолевулиновой кислотой (5-ALA), после фотодинамического воздействия (ФДВ) при вариации интенсивности возбуждающего излучения. Проведена оптимизация алгоритма сегментации клеток на их фазовом изображении. Разработанный алгоритм позволил в автоматическом режиме получать данные по большой выборке (более 600) клеток в образце. Определены морфологические и оптические параметры клеток при разных дозах ФДВ и показано логнормальное распределение среднего фазового набега клеток. Зарегистрированы изменения клеточных параметров при разных дозах облучения, инициирующих программируемую клеточную смерть и гибель клеток путем некроза. Ключевые слова: голографическая микроскопия, клеточная смерть, фотодинамическая терапия, PpIX, 5-ALA.
Asociación entre Actitudes hacia la Bisexualidad y Binegatividad Internalizada en Personas Bisexuales
Authors: Olvera-Muñoz Omar Alejandro
Published: December 2021

En México, las investigaciones científicas sobre binegatividad internalizada son escasas. En el presente estudio, se analizó la relación entre las actitudes hacia la bisexualidad y la binegatividad internalizada en un grupo de personas bisexuales de México. Participaron 100 bisexuales, hombres y mujeres, con un promedio de edad de 26 años. Las variables de interés fueron evaluadas con la Escala de Actitudes hacia la Bisexualidad (EABi-8) y la Escala de Binegatividad Internalizada (EBI). Se identificó niveles altos de aceptación y niveles bajos de rechazo hacia la bisexualidad, ambos factores mostraron una correlación con la binegatividad internalizada. Los resultados de la presente investigación sugieren que la aceptación de la bisexualidad se relacionan de manera inversamente proporcional con la valoración negativa y las ideas monosexistas. Se puede concluir que ante una valoración positiva de su bisexualidad, las personas bisexuales no incorporan el monosexismo o los prejuicios hacia su orientación sexual. La valoración que las personas bisexuales hagan sobre su bisexualidad, así como la falta de referentes identitarios, pueden ser elementos potenciales para un tratamiento psicoterapéutico que prevenga la binegatividad internalizada.
Experimental Study on Optimization of Filler Concentration of Silicon Rubber Compound Used in High Voltage Insulators
Authors: Rao Allu Shanmukha
Published: December 2021

Abstract: In any power transmission system, insulators are essential for a reliable electrical power supply. The Efficiency of insulators will be decided by their electrical and mechanical properties. Recently in many of the power transmission systems, the conventional porcelain insulators are being replaced by polymeric insulators due to various advantages in their properties. Polymeric insulators have been increasingly popular in recent years as a result of their superior performance in contaminated environments due to their hydrophobic nature. However, research is still being carried out on Polymeric material with regards to ageing condition and feasibility for large scale utilization. Ageing of insulation is due to Environmental, Tracking and Erosion conditions. Ageing leads to immature failures and uncertainty in the performance of the insulators. The constituent materials and their properties have a significant impact on the performance of polymeric insulators. There is a strong need to look into newer filler materials which can be added to the existing polymeric base materials to constitute a composite. Keeping this in mind, in the proposed research uses Silicone rubber as base polymeric material and along with that additives are added to arrive at three different composites. A new filler material will be added to the base material forming a new composite. All these HTV Silicone rubber based composites are then tested the recovery of hydrophobicity, dielectric strength, hardness, specific gravity, tensile strength , ultimate elongation ,tear strength properties based on ASTM standards. Further, Inclined plane Tracking and Erosion studies are also conducted on the polymeric test samples for 6 hours to evaluate the SiR housing material suitability for outdoor insulator applications by subjecting them to AC high voltages under laboratory conditions as per IEC 60587 standards. Keywords: Recovery of hydrophobicity, dielectric strength, hardness, specific gravity, tensile strength, ultimate elongation, tear strength, inclined plane tracking and erosion, ageing, filler material.
CSR and Corporate India: A Study on Public and Private Sector Divide
Authors: Das Sritam
Published: December 2021

Abstract: CSR is increasingly a misunderstood and much debated concept worldwide. There is a saying in the business, “Business of the business is to do business and nothing else”. Profit is the only and dominating objective of the business, as profit is needed both for the working and growth of the business. Over the time, there has been a sea change in the objectivity and priority of business. From a commercial unit, the business now has been a social entity with corporate citizenship. CSR is fast becoming an increasing business strategy both nationally and globally. CSR practices of Indian companies got a radical boost with statutory provision in the Companies Act 2013 that make it mandatory to every Indian company and foreign entity with Indian presence to spend 2 per cent of its average net profits of its profit made during the three immediately preceding financial years, in pursuance of its Corporate Social Responsibility Policy. There exists difference in the outlook of companies towards social causes and varying CSR policies and practices. Also Public and private sector divide in CSR practices prevails. There is need for continuous investigation of the changing social and economic needs and the role of corporate houses in meeting the aspirations of the stakeholders and the society at large. Keeping this in view, the present paper entitled “CSR and Corporate India: A Study on Public and Private Sector Divide” is a sincere attempt to make a comparative analysis of CSR practices of public sector and private sector companies with special emphasis on industries of Kalinganagar steel hub of Odisha. Keywords: CSR, FDI, MoUs, Corporate India.
A case of mild malformation of cortical development with oligodendroglial hyperplasia and epilepsy (MOGHE)
Authors: Khalilov V. S. , Kislyakov A. N. , Basalay T. V. , Levov A. V. , Kholin A. A.
Published: December 2021

Recently, in the scientist community of specialists dealing with structural epilepsy, it has been noticed an increasing interest in a special form of cortical development disorder not to be included in the ILAE Classification of the epilepsies the 2017 revision. It is so-called mild malformation of cortical development with oligodendroglial hyperplasia and epilepsy (MOGHE). There are a number of publications devoted to the neuroimaging features of MOGHE, which are possible to distinguish from other epileptogenic substrates in comparisons with clinical/anamnestic data and dynamic observation. Our paper describes the case of a patient under 6 years suffering from pharmacoresistant epilepsy with histologically confirmed MOGHE, and having undergone the procedure of epileptic surgery. MRI showed an increased intensity of the T2/FLAIR signal from the white matter in combination with signs of laminar hyperintensivity, regional sulcation disturbance, smoothness of gray-white matter demarcation in the right frontal lobe. A signal intensification from the white matter with the formation similarity of the «transmantl» sign and further pronounced smoothness of the gray-white matter demarcation was observed on dynamic MRI. These changes were estimated as focal cortical dysplasia. Pre-surgical examination revealed a correlation of epileptiform activity with MRI changes. The subtotal resection of the right frontal lobe and the morphological conclusion established the presence of MOGHE was performed.