bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Divorce Eutectoid Transformation in the Higher Mn Bearing Steel
Authors: Yin Zhi Xin , Bhadeshia Harry
Published: March 2013

The detailed mechanism of divorced pearlite in bearing steels began to be actively discussed more recently. The survey of divorced pearlite in higher Mn bearing steel was carried out through scanning electronic microscope following isothermal transformation heat treatment. The results show that while divorced transformation taking place in the higher Mn bearing steel just slightly below A1, the cementite could be produced in such way as growing on the base of pre-existing cementite particles in austenite, or emerge either in globular particles or in short rod directly from the austenite. Under isothermal transformation, the carbon atoms in austenite prefer to precipitate on the original boundary of the austenite. The enough small size of the cementite particles remained in the austenite is helpful for getting spheroidal cementite particles structure through divorced eutectoid transformation.
The Research on the Deoxidization Process of Calcium Based Deoxidizer
Authors: Wang Jian
Published: March 2013

According to the compositional design of the calcium deoxidizer and the actual practice of producing HRB335 via converter—in BOF end, the percentages of [C] is 0.032%，the concentration of a[O] is 980ppm, the addition of calcium deoxidizer is 1.36Kg per ton of steel, and the argon oxygen activity is 42.84 ppm. The effect of deoxidization exceed the deoxidizer CaBaAlSi, the effect of deoxidization is fine and the product of deoxidization has no adverse effect on the steel quality. This deoxidization process could not only satisfy the quality requirement of the product, but also significantly reduce the cost. And both the finished product rate of rolled products and the mechanical properties meet the requirements of the national standard.
The Lab Research on EH40 High Strength Shipbuilding Steel
Authors: Peng Qi Chun , Peng Sheng , Yang Jin Ling , Liu Hong Jun , Cao Jian Xin , Yang Xiu Zhi
Published: March 2013

Through composition designing, smelting, TMCP and normalizing on EH40 in laboratory, then mechanical properties are detected respectively in tensile and impact test, the results are dawn as follow. The yield strength, tensile strength, reduction of area, percentage elongation and impact toughness of EH40 samples, which are not normalized, reach the national standards. Yield strength and tensile strength of the normalizing samples are lower than the national standards, but the impact toughness decreases greatly. The research on EH40 reaches its goals, but the normalization process needs improvement in this test.
Application of POD Projection to Orientation Optimization of Laminated Composite Design
Authors: Xiao Man Yu , Zhang Wei Hong , Breitkopf Piotr
Published: March 2013

In the context of laminated composite design, the integrated stiffness of the laminate depends on the number of plies, the material and the orientation of the material in each ply. The main issue of design is the prohibitive numerical simulation cost, the early technique (DMO, discrete material optimization; BCP, Bi-value Coding Parameterization Method) consists in transforming the continuous orientation angle variables to discrete design variables as multiphase material selection problems. In this work, a set of continuous orientation angle is directly considered. More precisely, the design task is the orientation of the orthotropic material in each element of the discretization and the ratio of ply thickness. In order to reduce the computational effort, Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) applied to decrease the number of design variables. The numerical results in a simple case show that the proposed method is available.
Effects of Different Size and Shaped Magnesium Particles on the Properties for Fuel Rich Solid Propellant
Authors: Liao Lin Quan , Pang Wei Qiang , Xu Hui Xiang , Li Yong Hong , Fan Xue Zhong , Shu An Min
Published: March 2013

The physic-chemical characteristics of spherical and coarse magnesium particles were determined. The rheological properties of Mg/HTPB mixtures were investigated. The burning rate performance and mechanical properties of fuel rich propellant were evaluated. The results show that the spherical magnesium particles could be dispersed in the HTPB binder with lower viscosity and yield stress than those of the coarse ones. The burning rate and pressure exponent of propellant with spherical particles increased compared with the coarse ones, and the percent elongation is much higher than that of coarse one, whereas, the tensile strength shows reverse.
Facile Fabrication of Superhydrophobic Surface via SiO2/Fluoro-Containing Polymer Composite Particles
Authors: Shang Qian Qian , Liu Hu , Xiao Guo Min
Published: March 2013

SiO2/fluoro-containing polymer (SiO2/PFS) composite particles consisting of a vinyl-functional silica core with grafted mixed block copolymer were prepared by emulsion polymerization with styrene and 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorooctyl methacrylate as the reaction monomers. Vinyl-functional silica spheres and SiO2/PFS composite particles were characterized by SEM, FT-IR spectroscopy, TEM and XPS. The results indicate that fluoro-containing polymer has been successfully grafted onto the surface of vinyl-functional silica sphere and SiO2/PFS particle has a core-shell structure. The SiO2/PFS coating possesses a micro/nano-scale hierarchical structure and low surface free energy, which are prerequisite surface properties for obtaining superhydrophobicity. The static water contact angle on the SiO2/PFS coating has as high as 171° and water droplet can easily roll off the coated substrate.
Photoluminescence of Y2O3:Eu3+ Prepared by the Wood Template
Authors: Xiong Li , Li Xia Fan , Hu Fen Fen , Zhou Mei Li , Zhu Yi Wen , Wang Zheng Liang
Published: March 2013

Cubic Y2O3:Eu3+ was successfully prepared by mimicking wood tissue of Nepal Alder. Its structure was characterized by X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD) and Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The results show that the sample shares the single phase of cubic structure. The composition analysis shows an approximate Y3+ to Eu3+ atom ratio of about 10:1. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images confirm that the sample shares the same shape as the wood tissue of Nepal Alder, which was composed of some thin fibers. The red phosphor exhibits strong red emission of the 5D0 → 7F2 transition for Eu3+ at 611 nm, under 254 nm excitation
Study on Production Technique of the Metal Reinforced Polyethylene Spiral Corrugated Pipe
Authors: Zheng Hua Wen , Xiang Shu Hua , Chang Liu
Published: March 2013

Metal Reinforced Polyethylene Spiral Pipe (MRPSCP) is an innovative product of underground sewer. This product is a combination of the high stiffness and strength of steel and the better flexible and corrosion resistance of polyethylene. This paper mainly discussed some production technology and the product quality control of MRPSCP.
Synthesis and Characterization of Cellulose Acetate Blend Ultrafiltration Membranes： The Effect of Degrees of Substitution
Authors: Kong Lin Lin , Zhang Da Lun , Shao Zi Qiang , Han Bai Xin , Chen Ya Liang
Published: March 2013

Cellulose acetate (CA), a hydrophilic membrane material, was selected to prepare ultrafiltration membrane for the aim of achieving high-performance membranes with respect to flux and rejection characteristics. In order to prepare membranes with improved properties, blending of cellulose acetates with different degrees of substititution(DS) has been attempted. In this study, polymeric blend ultrafiltration membranes based on cellulose acetate with different DS were prepared by phase inversion technique. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and contact angle are used to understand the influence of DS on the properties of modified membranes. The blend membranes prepared were subjected to the separation of egg albumin (EA). The separation and permeate flux efficiencies of the blend membranes were discussed.
Synthesis of a Cellulose-Magnetic Nanocomposite in Ionic Liquid
Authors: Wei Xiao Yi , Li Ji Hua , Chen Jia Cui
Published: March 2013

Cellulose nanocomposite is one of the most fascinating materials with broad applications. In this work, cellulose-magnetite nanocomposite has been prepared by dispersion of magnetite nanoparticles in a homogenous ionic liquid solution of grafted cellulose. Bagasse cellulose was first grafted with polymethacrylic acid in 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium, and then fabricated with Fe3O4 nanoparticles during the homogeneous media. The obtained nanocomposite contained high content of iron due to the clelation of the grafted cellulose and Fe3O4 nanoparticles. It also exhibited superparamagnetic behavior with 8.606 emu/g saturation magnetizations. The cellulose-magnetite nanocomposite will be potential for the development of functional cellulose and protective materials for electromagnet radiation or microwaves.
The Analyses of Glass-Reinforced Plastic Pipeline Failures and Possible Solutions
Authors: Dong Jun , Zuo Yi
Published: March 2013

Glass-reinforced Plastics (GRP) has been considered as an alternative material to carbon steel for applications in corrosive environments. The main objective of utilizing GRE pipes is to prevent corrosion and leaks in the pipelines. This increases the reliability of the system by preventing leaks, and thereby also reducing life cycle costs. However, some premature failures had been found after the application of GRP pipes in oil fields. Such failures as fractures around the joint, wrinkles of the inner layer, and circumferential cracks on the body part of the pipeline are the top three major failures which usually appear in practice. This paper analyzes the main causes of these three major failures and attempts to offer several possible solutions to them.
Water Absorbency Study of the Low-Cost Composite--Eupatorium adenophorum-Graft-Acrylic Acid/Acrylamide
Authors: Wen Hai Bo , Gao Xin , Zhang Heng , Chen Ke Li
Published: March 2013

In this study Eupatorium adenophorum was evaluated as potential raw materials for Water-Absorbent Composite (WAC) synthesized with acrylic acid (AA) and acrylamide (AM) in aqueous medium. Factors, such as weight ratio of AA/AM to dry powdered Eupatorium adenophorum (DPEA), the amount of initiator and cross-linker, neutralization degree of AA, which influence water-absorbent capacity of WAC, were investigated. Additionally, the performances of WACs were appraised in term of water absorbency. The results showed that the nearly optimal WAC was obtained with absorbencies of 933 g/g in deionized water and 310 g/g in 0.9 wt% NaCl aqueous solution. Furthermore, the optimum super-absorbent has been proved with expectant polymerization structures and the morphological features via Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electric Microscopy (SEM).
Water Resistance Research of Anionic Polymerized PA6/ABS Alloy
Authors: Zhao Hong Kai , Xiao Li Guang , Gao Jing Wu
Published: March 2013

Macromolecule modification activator was prepared using prepolymer of HTBN end capped by HDI biuret (N-75). Then the ABS/PA6 co-blend polymer was prepared by anionic polymerization with putting ABS resin into molten caprolactam monomer at the temperature of 160-180 °C and the sodium hydroxide being used as activator. Compared with PA6， the copolymer alloy shows obviously low water absorption and slightly reducing mechanical property after absorption， while the loss of mechanical property is lower. The SEM analysis reveals that the reaction insitu compatibilization reduces the interfacial tension between PA6 and ABS and makes the ABS grain smaller and more uniform dispersion in PA6.
Effect of Temperature on Preparation of Ammonium Polyphosphate
Authors: Liu Gou Sheng , Chen Wen Yan , Liu Yue Long
Published: March 2013

Ammonium polyphosphate (APP) with crystalline form II is usually synthesized in temperature 280-3100C, APP with crystalline form V is usually synthesized in temperature 340-3500C. By process of diammonium hydrogen phosphate, the effect of temperature on crystalline forms of APP was studied and discussed in detail. The results were informative for controllable preparation of APP in industrial production.
Experimental Research on Application of Tailings Mortar for Treatment of Copper-Nickel Acid Wastewater
Authors: Song Bo Yu , He Lian Sheng , Xi Bei Dou , Guan Wei Xiong , Meng Rui
Published: March 2013

The disposal of acid wastewater generated by a copper-nickel smelting enterprise by using abandoned tailings mortar combined with sulfide precipitation and coagulation indicated that this method has demonstrated good results: the effluent can acheive “Emmission standard of pollutants for copper, nickel, cobalt industry” (GB 25476-2010); the heavy metals in the sediment is not apt to experience dissolution, thus less possible for secondary pollution of soil and groundwater. The optimal combination conditions of this process for sludge/wastewater mass ratio is 14:1; sodium sulfide’s dosing is 20 ml, reaction time is 20 min; FeSO4 and acid waste water volum ratio is 0.05, the reaction time is 30 min.
Hydrothermal Synthesis of EuF3 Nanorods
Authors: Zhu Geng , Tao Feng , Hu Cong Rong , Wang Zhi Jun , Zhang Hai Tao , Sun Yu Feng
Published: March 2013

EuF3nanorods with 400 nm in average diameter and 950 nm in length have been synthesized via a hydrothermal method at low temperature. The phase and shape of the products were characterized by XRD, SEM, HRTEM and SAED. Studies show that the chelating agent EDTA is vital to the morphology of the final product. Under longer UV excitation, the as-prepared EuF3nanorods emitted the yellow and red light. This method will find its applications in exploring the crystal growth process and provide guidance for the morphology controllable synthesis.
Preparation and Properties of Optically Transparent Chitin Nanofibers Sheet by Different Simple Mechanical Methods
Authors: Hu Qin Qin , Li Da Gang , Li Ai Jun , Gu Wen Biao
Published: March 2013

Chitin nanofibers were prepared from commercially available dried chitin powders by different simple mechanical methods under acid conditions after removal of minerals and proteins. The fibrillated chitin samples were observed by FE-SEM and there was a fine network structure formed by chitin nanofibes with a width of approximately 10-50 nm and high aspect ratio. The mechanical treatment under acid conditions was crucial to facilitate the fibrillation of chitin fibers into nanofibers. The high pressure homogenization in combination with grinding was used to obtain the most transparent chitin nanofibers sheet with a transmittance of 88.5% and tensile strength of 82.34MPa, and the sheet even had a Young’s modulus of 6.17GPa. Thus, chitin nanofibers provide excellent potential as reinforcement of transparent flexible composites to improve the properties of nanocomposites.
Preparation and Research of Coupling Agent Modified Organophilic Montmorillonite
Authors: Gu Xiao Hua , Zhou Jia Liang , Li Xiao Sheng , Xu Bao Yun
Published: March 2013

A novel method is proposed to modify montmorillonite with coupling agents and Hexadecyl triphenyl phosphonium bromide surfactants made by our group (named P-surfactant in the following). The structure of organophilic montmorillonite (OMMT) was investigated by FT-IR, XRD and TG. The FT-IR shows the coupling agents were inserted between the layers of MMT and reacted with –OH of MMT. The results of X-ray diffraction shows that the coupling agents were all intercalated into the layers of MMT. The interlayer spacing of montmorillonite increases to 4.00 nm, the effect of modification is well. The results of TG showed the thermal stability was better.
Evaluation of the Effects of Environmental Materials on Pb and Cd Immobilization
Authors: Huang Zhan Bin , Zhang Xiao Qing , Peng Li Cheng , Shen Chen , Huang Zhen
Published: March 2013

Environment materials (humic acid (HA), super absorbent polymers (SAP), fly ash (FM) and zeolite (FS)) were used as amendments to immobilize heavy metal Pb and Cd in artificial contaminated soils. The results showed that soil pH and EC changed after the application of single or combined and co-application amendments. The leaching Pb in the single-Pb contaminated soils amended with HA, FM, C1 (HA, SAP, FM, FS) and C2 (HA, SAP, FM) were 93%, 87%, 59% and 77% of the control without amendments, respectively. The leaching Cd in the single-Cd contaminated soils amended with SAP and C3 (HA, SAP, FS) were 64%, and 83% of the control, respectively, in four-steps leaching. The leaching Pb in the Pb-Cd co-contaminated soil amended with HA, C2 and C3 were 41%, 95% and 77% of the control, respectively. The leaching Cd in the Pb-Cd co-contaminated soil amended with HA, SAP and C3 were 85%, 72% and 55% of the control, respectively. The results indicated that C1 and SAP was the best amendments for single Pb and Cd contaminated soil, respectively. While the combined amendment, HA and C3 could prevent Pb and Cd to be leached from co-contaminated soils, respectively.
Synthesis and Characterization of Barium Strontium Titanate Nanocrystalline Powders Prepared by Direct Reactive Precipitation Method from Solution
Authors: Zhu Qi An , Wu Yao , Sun Xu Feng , Tan Xian , Zhan Kai , Cai Jin Hui
Published: March 2013

Barium strontium titanate nano powders were prepared by mixing ethanol solution of tetrabutyl titanate with an aqueous solution of Ba(OH)2•8H2O and Sr(OH)2•8H2O with a certain molar ratio of barium to strontium at 40°C－95°C. The products were characterized by thermogravimetry (TG), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The results show that the powders prepared with the reactant concentration of 0.8M are spherical in particle shape with the grain size of 50nm－65nm. When the annealing temperature of the powders is higher than 906°C, the hydroxyl groups existed in barium strontium titanate lattice are removed. XRD analysis demonstrate that the as-prepared powders are cubic phase. All the diffraction peaks are shifted towards higher diffraction angles and the lattice parameter a calculated decreases linearly with serial decrease of the molar ratio of barium to strontium.
Thermal Stability of MWCNTs Reinforced Nanocomposites
Authors: Her Shiuh Chuan , Lai Chun Yu
Published: March 2013

The effect of functionalization of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) on the thermal stbility of MWCNT/epoxy nanocomposites was investigated. Epoxy-based nanocomposites reinforced with MWCNTs with and without functionalization were prepared. The thermal stability of nanocomposites was characterized using thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). Experimental results showed that functionalization of MWCNTs enhanced the decomposition temperature of MWCNTs reinforced nanocomposite compared to those containing pristine MWCNTs.
Exploration of the Structures of the Magnetically Induced Self-Assembly Photonic Crystals in a Solidified Polymer Matrix
Authors: Hu Hai Bo , Chen Qian Wang , Li Ran , Kong Xiang Kai , Chen Jian
Published: March 2013

The carbon-encapsulated superparamagnetic colloidal nanoparticles (SCNps) were rigidized into soft solids by embedding the SCNps into polyacrylamide hydrogel matrixes under the induction of an external magnetic field. Stabilized by the balance of attractive (magnetic) and repulsive (electrostatic) forces, the SCNps form one-dimension photonic crystal structures along the direction of the external magnetic field and further the structures are frozen into the solidified polymer matrix. The polymer matrix embedded one-dimension photonic crystal structures can strongly diffract visible light and present brilliant color in the light. This novel and soft solid polymer matrix that could be shaped and sliced not only paves a new avenue for develop novel magnetic-responsive photonic crystal materials and devices, but also provides a method to observe the magnetic-induced self-assembly structures of the SCNps in media such as polyacrylamide hydrogel matrixs as a result of the ordered structures frozen into the polyacrylamide hydrogel matrixs. So we can reveal the relationship between their structure and color, and furthermore permit a systematic exploration on magnetically induced self-assembling dynamics, colloidal crystallography which have important significance in the large-scale industrial production in the future.
Preparation and Characterization of PVA-MSA/mCS Bipolar Membrane
Authors: Xie Hong Fang , Xiao Yan Chun , Zhou Mei Zhen , Chen Shuang , Chen Zhen
Published: March 2013

Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) was blent with sodium alginate (SA) and chitosan (CS) respectively in order to enhance flexibility and compatibility of bipolar membrane(BPM). The PVA-mSA/mCS BPM was prepared by a paste method. The PVA/ SA and the PVA / CS was cross-linked by inorganic nano-materials and glutaraldehyde(GA), respectively. The SEM photographs showed the PVA-ZnO-SA/mCS BPM was consists of anion layer and cation layer. The thickness of the BPM was 121μm, the interface of BPM was 5μm. The Electronic spectrum (EDS) indicated that ZnO well-distributed in cation layer. The J-V curve and the AC impedances of PVA-ZnO-SA/mCS BPM showed lower working voltage and smaller membrane impedance. The contact Angle of PVA-ZnO-SA/mCS dropped down from the original 101.01° to 32.65°. Compared of TG curves of the BPMs modified by nano-Fe3O4, nano-TiO2 and nano-ZnO, the surface of the PVA-ZnO-SA/mCS BPM exhibited stronger hydrophilic. The dopping nano-ZnO improved the hydrophilic property, thermal stability and mechanical properties of the PVA-ZnO-SA/mCS.
Synthesis of Al8B4C7 from Aluminum, Boron Trioxide and Activated Carbon Mixed Powders
Authors: Cui Peng , Yuan Wen Jie , Deng Cheng Ji , Zhu Hong Xi , Li Jun
Published: March 2013

Al8B4C7 ceramic powder was successfully synthesized via a gas-solid reaction method using aluminum, boron trioxide and activated carbon as the starting materials. The effects of synthesis temperature and the amount of B2O3 addition on synthesis of Al8B4C7 were investigated. The results indicated that the optimized process for preparing the Al8B4C7 was that the mixtures were heated at 1800 °C for 2 h in flowing argon atmosphere. With the heated temperature increasing, the Al8B4C7 content was decreased in the products. And 0.5 molar excess of B2O3 addition promoted the formation of Al8B4C7. The heating samples at 1800 °C had a hexagonal plate-like morphology with ~100 μm in size.
Wear Mechanism and Self Lubrication of Engineering Ceramics at Elevated Temperatures
Authors: Fei Zheng Xin
Published: March 2013

Friction and wear tests of Al2O3 and SiC were conducted from room temperature to 1200°C both in air and in vacuum. Results show that the wear mechanism of Al2O3 is dominated by micro fracture, debris abrasive and delamination at temperatures below 600°C, while is controlled by plastic deformation and recrystallization among 600~1200°C, resulting in an obvious decrease of wear loss. The wear rate and surface microstructure of SiC are closely depending on the testing temperature, atmosphere and contact pressure. Oxidation of SiC at elevated temperatures plays important role on the wear rate. Self lubrication of both Al2O3 and SiC at high temperatures was observed, which is mainly depending on the formation of a specific surface layer composed of nano-particles or very thin glassy film.
Effects of Surfactants on Particle Size and Luminescence Properties of Ca1.98MgSiO5:Eu2+0.02 Phosphor Prepared by Sol-Gel Method
Authors: Xie Ying , Wang Gang , Xiao Lin Jiu , Li Wen Ze , Chen Yong Jie , Zhang Zhi Gang , Wang Ya Jing
Published: March 2013

Eu2+-doped Ca2MgSiO5 phosphors were prepared by sol-gel method. The effects of using surfactants (hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) and triethanolamine) during the sol process were investigated on the phosphor particle size distribution. The use of surfactants did not change the crystal form of the Ca2MgSiO5:Eu2+ phosphor, but the particle size distribution and the luminescence properties were improved.
Fluorescence Enhancement of Europium(III) Perchlorate by Salicylic Acid on Phenyl-Naphthoylmethyl Sulfoxide Complex and Luminescence Mechanism
Authors: Li Wen Xian , Zhang Jing , Ao Bo Yang , Feng Shu Yan , Xin Xiao Dong
Published: March 2013

A novel ligand, phenyl-naphthoylmethyl sulfoxide, was synthesized. Its novel ternary complex and a novel binary complex had been synthesized (salicylic acid as the second ligand), and characterized by elemental analysis, molar conductivity, coordination titration analysis, FTIR and TG-DSC. The fluorescence spectra, fluorescence lifetime and phosphorescence spectra were also discussed.
Impact of the Oxygen Content on the Electronic Properties in Epitaxial Thin Films of Electron-Doped La0.9Hf0.1MnO3
Authors: Wang Lin , Wu Zhen Ping , Jiang Yu Cheng , Ren Bing , Huang Jian , Wang Lin Jun , Xia Yi Ben , Gao Ju
Published: March 2013

Thin films of perovskite manganite La0.9Hf0.1MnO3 (LHMO) have been grown on (100) SrTiO3 single-crystal substrates with different growth pressures by pulsed laser deposition. The different transport behaviors of films have been fitted by various models. The results clearly demonstrate that oxygen pressure is an efficient way to change the transport behaviors of LHMO films. All the transport behaviors observed in LHMO films can be better fitted by Mott’s variable range hopping model than the other two models.
Photoluminescence and Afterglow Behavior of Eu2+, Dy3+ and Eu2+, Sm3+ in Sr3Al2O6 Matrix
Authors: Xu Chao , Lu Dian Qing
Published: March 2013

The long afterglow luminescent materials Sr3Al2O6: Eu, Sm and Sr3Al2O6: Eu, Dy (denoted as S1 and S2, respectively) were synthesized via solid-state reaction. X-ray diffraction, fluorescence spectrophotometer and thermal luminescent spectroscope were employed to characterize the phosphors. The excitation spectra are all well simulated by eight Gaussian curves, indicating that they originate from the 4f7(8S7/2)–4f65d(8HJ) transitions of Eu2+. The excitation spectra intensity of S1 is much stronger than that of S2, which indicates that there is a more efficient energy transfers from Sm3+to Eu2+. The thermally stimulated luminescence (TSL) curve can be fitted to four TSL peaks and the low-temperature TSL peak is responsible for the long lasting phosphorescence. The proposed explanation for the afterglow property is discussed.
Preparation, Characterization of Low Infrared Emissivity Stealth Coating
Authors: Lv Xiao Meng , Gou Xiao Li , Wang Huan Chun , Liu Xiang Xuan
Published: March 2013

Ni-P modified hollow cenosphere was used to prepare infrared stealth coating. Infrared Spectrometer, Scanning Electron Microscope, Infrared Emissivity Testing Device are used to study the performance of the infrared stealth coating. Influencing factors of infrared emissivity of coating are analyzed comprehensively. The lowest emissivity of infrared stealth coating in 8-14um wavebands is 0.63 and the ability of controlling the coating surface temperature is raised.
First-Principle Study of Structural and Electronic Properties of Ti-Doped SnO2
Authors: Yang Jing Kai , Zhao Hong Li , Zhu Yan , Zhao Li Ping , Li Jian
Published: March 2013

The structural and electronic properties of Ti-doped SnO2with 6.25 at.% are investigated with the first principle calculations based on the density functional theory within the generalized gradient approximation. The calculation results indicate that the crystal structure of Sn0.9375Ti0.0625O2possesses a smaller volume; the bond length of Ti-O is shorter than that of Sn-O; the relative angle θ change value of Sn-O-Sn→Ti-O-Ti is about 1.07%. Ti-O bond possesses more covalent ingredient and stronger bond energy than Sn-O bond. After the replacement of one Ti atom, O atom bonded with Ti atom possessed fewer electrons, the ratio of charges possessed by Ti atom and O atom dose not agree with the stoichiometry of compound, create more holes at the top of VB of Sn0.9375Ti0.0625O2, and lead to the increase of the conductivity.
Application and Practice of Local Materials in the Village Remediation
Authors: Shi Bei Xiang , Yang Jun Yan
Published: March 2013

Local material, mainly as wood, stone, brick, and tile is easy to get from the local area, and can reflect some regional characteristics. This paper classifies local material as pavement material, masonry material, and decoration material, which can be applied by trim, repair and transform technologies to the village environment and building remediation. In addition, this paper further analyses the function and usage of local material by case study.
Development of Green High Performance Concrete
Authors: Lin Zhen Rong , Zhang Tao , Xu Yun Yun
Published: March 2013

As the world's largest building materials production, the mechanical properties of concrete prominent and construction is simple, inexpensive features. Concrete production and construction sectors also exists a very serious problem of environmental pollution, people have to consider how to enhance the environmental protection of concrete, namely, the production and use of "green concrete". Since the past one-sided pursuit of high strength concrete, while ignoring the the durability issues brought a series of questions, allowing people to put forward the concept of a high-performance concrete. The paper by exploring the current development of high-performance green concrete, summary of the proposed method to achieve green high performance concrete.
Experimental Study on Size Effect in Strength of Pervious Concrete and its Associated Factor
Authors: He Xi Xi , Wu Shan
Published: March 2013

Based on the test results of compressive strength and splitting strength of three kinds of cubic specimens of pervious concrete whose side length is respectively 100mm, 150mm and 200 mm, the size effect on strength and its associated impact factors which include porosity and particle size of coarse aggregate analyzed. In the test, water cement ratio of every group of concrete mix proportion is constant. The main results are as follows: (1) Size effect on concrete of the pervious concrete is greater than that of ordinary concrete; (2) Size effect on splitting strength is greater than that on cubic compressive strength. (3) Size effect on splitting strength significantly increases with the increase of the aggregate size; (4) Weibull modulus m obtained in statistical test for compressive strength equals to 9, which should be more than twice the value of tensile strength. (5)Size effect on strength of concrete is related to its statistical discreteness, that is, the size effect is more obvious when the dispersion coefficient Cv is greater; (6)Weibull’s statistical size effect can be used to describe the size effect on strength indicators of concrete; Theoretical values of Weibull’s statistical size effect derived from the experiment agree with the test results well. (7) The abnormal trends of size effect are related to the abnormal changes of dispersion coefficient.
Investigation on Application of Iron Mine Tailing Sand in Building Mortar
Authors: Shi Chang Jun , Feng Xiao Xin , Sun Jing Wei
Published: March 2013

The building mortar was prepared with iron mine tailing sand substituted for natural sand, and the effect of tailing sand on the performances of mortar, such as consistency, stratification, density and strength, was investigated. The results show that it is feasible to prepare building mortar with iron mine tailing sand. The sediment percentage in tailing sand has relatively large effect on the fluidity of mortar, and the tailing sand should be washed with water before being used. When the mortar with low W/C ratio is prepared, a proper amount of water-reducing admixture should be used to adjust the stratification of mortar into the right range. The density of the mortar mixture can meet the requirement of the standard in China. The building mortars with different strength grade and different use can be prepared by adjusting the mixture proportion.
Road Performance of Asphalt Binder Modified with Natural Rock Asphalt
Authors: Ma Feng , Zhang Chao
Published: March 2013

The performance of base asphalt and modified asphalt by natural rock asphalt are studied. This paper presents the results from a series of assessments of properties of asphalt binders, which incorporate natural rock asphalts produced from China. Asphalt binders’ properties were measured by penetration, Ring and Ball softening point, ductility and four component analysis tests. Test results showed that the addition of natural asphalt reduces the penetration and ductility value, and increases softening point. The temperature sensitivity of modified asphalt is reduced.
Studies on the Sorption of N2 and CO2 over Hardened Cement Paste
Authors: Zhou Xue Zhi , Tang Hai Rong , Yan Hui Juan , Wang Xin Ming , Yang Feng Hua , Guan Ying Qiang
Published: March 2013

BET (Brunauer Emmett and Teller) surface area and pore volume were measured for the samples of HCP by N2 adsorption (–195 °C) with Autosorb-1C (American Quantachrome Company). Both physi-sorption and chemi-sorption of CO2 at a given temperature were also carried out with Autosorb-1C after the samples of HCP had been pretreated in vacuum or helium at a given temperature.
The Study of the Axial Compressive Bearing Capacity of Core Column with High Strength Concrete Filled Steel Tube Based on the Twin Shear Unified Strength Theory
Authors: Ge Qing Yun , Li Cai Mei , Yang Fu Lian , Qin Feng Yan
Published: March 2013

Based on the twin shear unified strength theory, considering the impact of the intermediate principal stress σ2 and the different effects of material’ tensile and compressive properties, this paper deduced the axial compressive bearing capacity formula of core column with high strength concrete filled steel tube. Compared the results of the paper with the test, both coincide in good condition. The results show the validity of the formula. The theoretical formula provides a theoretical basis in the project application and design on the core column with high strength concrete filled steel tube.
Analysis on the Urban Space Design of Small and Medium-Sized City at both Banks of Waterfront - Take Urban Space Design of the City at both Banks of Waterfront at Heshun County Town as Example
Authors: Yang Li , Meng Cong Ling
Published: March 2013

As the most vibrant public open space in city, urban waterfront area provides hydrophilic environment and green corridor, and meets people’s spiritual demand on city. This paper takes waterfront greenbelt space design at Heshun county town as example, and discusses the direction and layout strategy of urban waterfront construction in simple language, which provides the scientific proofs and references for waterfront planning and design to government decision-making department and planning and design personnel.
Dynamic Characteristics of Steel Stay Cable in Civil Engineering Using Field Testing
Authors: Chen Chern Hwa , Lin Yuh Yi
Published: March 2013

The stay cables in civil engineering are one of the most difficult components to maintain for the safety of bridge after it is open for traffic, as the slenderness ratio is large, and they are flexible, low in damping ratio and less resistant to bending. It is possible that the cable snaps under large cyclic flexural stress due to wind-induced motion, regular traffic or even ambient vibration. The loosening seal of stay cables, damaged anchors, and tendon corrosion due to damaged protection sleeve at the root will undermine dramatically the life of cable-stayed bridge and even its safety. In this paper, the field test used to determine dynamic responses for stayed cable of the bridge in civil engineering. The practice formula is used to determine the cable forces of the Kao Ping Hsi cable-stayed bridge (the largest cable-stayed bridge in Taiwan). The results obtained herein indicate that such analysis is valid and rational, and may be used to monitor the safety of cable-stayed bridge.
Comparison of Rheological Behavior of Three Gel-Type Vehicles for Printing Ink
Authors: Xu Jing , Zhang Sheng Jun , Liu Xin Ping , Chen Qing Hua , Qian Qing Rong , Huang Bao Quan
Published: March 2013

Three gel-type vehicles were synthesised and their rheological behavior was investigated in this paper. The main differences of three samples are the concentraton of resin (R-1>> G-1> G-2) and gelata (R-1<< G-1< G-2). The results show that R-1 is more temperature sensitive which might not favorable for the high speed printing. G-2 and G-1, which contain higher amount of gelling agent, might have a enhanced net-structure due to the reaction between gelling agent and resin. And the results of dynamic strain sweep and frequency sweep indicate that the gelata can give a good viscoelastic to the vehicle while the higher amount of resin might benefit the stability of vehicle. Although the most suitable ratio of gel-vehicle desired further discovery, the rheological behavior could be a proper means as to optimize the formula of ink.
Study on Modified PVA- H3BO3 Immobilization Microorganism Method for Hydrogen Production from Wastewater
Authors: Deng Lin , Huang Bing , Zhao Huai Yuan , Du Jia Yao , Gao Ling
Published: March 2013

A new immobilization microorganism (IM) method was built by adding sodium alginate, SiO2 and CaCO3 in gel and cross-linking with saturated H3BO3 aqueous solution with 2% CaCl2 for traditional PVA-H3BO3 method. The modified method was used for preparation IM for hydrogen production from waste water contained organics by sewage treatment plants’ sludge pretreated. The change rate of the IM balls diameter and unit hydrogen production were taken as the primary performance criterion of the IM. The modified IM method for hydrogen production from waste water contained organics was confirmed: 9% PVA and 0.9% sodium alginate for the embedding medium, saturated H3BO3 aqueous solution and 2% CaCl2 for cross-linking agent, and adding NaCO3 adjusting PH, 3%SiO2 and 0.5%CaCO3 for the support packing of IM balls, and the balls diameter of about 3mm. The modified IM balls had unit hydrogen production of 63.3% and total sugar removal rate of 143.4mL/h•L for washing model wastewater from ice cream factory, which contained 2000 mg/L total sugar and 5500mg/L COD, and higher mechanical strength. It were identified that the method could reduce outside surface’s shrink, and improve the homogeneous of inside endoporus structure of modified IM balls, and a similar inside microporosity and outside microporosity by SEM detection.
Effects of Current Stressing and Isothermal Aging on the Tensile Strength of Microscale Lead-Free Solder Joints with Different Joint Volumes
Authors: Yin Li Meng , Geng Yan Fei , Xu Zhang Liang , Wei Song
Published: March 2013

Adopting an accurate micro-tensile method based on dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA) instrument, the tensile strength of three kinds of copper-wire/solder/copper-wire sandwich structured microscale lead-free solder joints that underwent current stressing with a direct current density of 1.0×104 A/cm2 and loading time of 48 hours were investigated, and compared with those solder joints isothermal aged at 100 0C for 48 hours and as-reflowed condition. These three kinds of microscale columnar solder joints have different volumes, i.e., a same diameter of 300 μm but different heights of 100 μm, 200 μm and 300 μm. Experimental results show that both current stressing and isothermal aging degrades the tensile strength of microscale solder joints, and the solder joint with smaller volume obtains higher tensile strength under same test condition. In addition, current stressing induces obvious electromigration (EM) issue under high current density of 1.0×104 A/cm2, resulting in the decreasing of tensile strength and different fracture position, mode and surface morphology of microscale solder joints. The degree of strength degradation increases with the increasing of joint height when keep joint diameter constant, this is mainly due to that electromigration leads to voids form and grow at the interface of cathode, and solder joints with larger volume may contains more soldering defects as well.
The Simulation Analysis of Tension Leveling for Improving the Shape Defects of Strip
Authors: Liu Yan , Peng Yan
Published: March 2013

According to the computation model of the stress, the strain, and the extend ratio in tension leveling, under the platform of mat lab, take the linear strengthening ball plastic model as the foundation, established the simulated program of the quantitative parameters enactment of tension leveling craft, this procedure consideration initial remaining stress of strip, namely random shape defects, assign tensile stress and the curving curvature, compute the strip’s stress and strain change and elongation ratio after tension leveling, given the stress and strain and the extension rate of the main process parameters from the simulation results of each roller, analysis of different process parameters set on impact of the simulation results, and the results conform to reality tension leveling production.
Effect of Machining Parameters on Surface Integrity in Dry Turning of Inconel 718
Authors: Zhu Xiao Li , Zhang Jin Fa , Chen Wu Jun , Deng Ji Wen
Published: March 2013

Surface quality including residual stresses and surface roughness due to turning operations in Inconel 718 were studied as a function of cutting speed, feed rate and depth of cut. By means of X-ray radiation diffraction method, the influence of cutting parameters on residual stress was investigated. The results show that dry cutting of Inconel 718 resulted in predominantly tensile residual stresses at the machined surface and the surface roughness increased with the increase of cutting parameters.The effects of the cutting parameters on surface integrity are investigated while employing the range analysis. From these results it was possible to select a combination of cutting speed, feed rate and depth of cut that generate favorable surface characteristics.
The Optimal Parameters Design of Drawing for the Y Type Teeth Using Four Y-Slot Die-Wheel
Authors: Lin Jui Chang , Lee Bean Yin , Juan Dai Jia
Published: March 2013

Zipper manufacturer always requires Y type zipper to design clothes. To meet the huge global demand, the high-precision forming process is required to improve production speed and production accuracy. The basic component of Y type zipper is the metal Y type teeth. The poor design of drawing process without optimization will result in bad quality of products. The most common defects of Y type teeth drawing process included (1) the teeth size error caused zipper sudden opening, two rows of Y type teeth cannot be close together; (2) zipper does not pull smoothly, it needs more pull force; (3) too much residual material cause higher cost and poor performance; (4) unstable quality cannot reach the standard of high level zipper. This article uses the finite element method to simulate the drawing process of copper Y type teeth. Computer-aided analysis software ABAQUS CAE is applied to execute drawing process simulation analysis and to obtain the optimal design parameters of drawing. Based on the best modeling of the FEM prediction, the complicated relationships between the experiment drawing Y-slot die parameters and the max. deformed can be obtained, the max. deformed error is 7%.
The Effect of Forming Parameters on the Sheet Stretch in Incremental Sheet Forming (ISF) Process on CNC Lathe Machine
Authors: Moayedfar M , Leman Zulkiflle , Mirabi H , Baharuddin B.T.H.T.
Published: March 2013

The effect of forming parameters during the incremental sheet forming process (ISF) was studied for a circular shape sheet part. ISF is known as a rapid prototyping method to pro-duce sheet metal parts in a batch production series. ISF has found to be useful and advantageous which increases its application in industry. A CNC lathe machine was used in this study because it was easily programmed to move an indenter which worked as the tool, through the sheet metal which was clamped on a plain rounded mold. The work also investigated the influence of some process variables such as spindle speed, tool material; tool feed rate and temperature during the forming procedure. The results showed that a proper spindle speed and tool feed rate at some stage in the forming process improved the surface quality and the rate of penetration.
Characterization of a Chromium-Free Passivation Coating on Hot Dip Al-Zn Allay Coated Steel Sheets
Authors: Yuan Ping
Published: March 2013

The hot dip Al-Zn alloy coated steel sheet was passivated with chromium-free passivation solution which adopted the molybdate and acrylic resin as the main film-forming substances. The surface morphology and corrosion performance of the coating were studied experimentally by using glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy(GD-OES), scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDS), polarization curves and the neutral salt spray test. The GD-OES and SEM results show that the molybdate-containing thin organic coating is deposited on the substrate compactly and homogeneously without obvious tiny cracks. The test results of corrosion performance show that the corrosion potential and current density of the passive films decrease obviously in comparison with those of the substrate, and the corrosion resistance of the coating is comparable with that of the chromate passivation coating.
Study on CaSO3 and CaO as Additives of Slag Cement
Authors: Gong Guo Zhuo , Ye Shu Feng , Li Jin Hong , Yang Wen Fen , Xie Qiang
Published: March 2013

CaSO3and CaO are main components in solid waste from flue gas semi-dry desulfurization process. A series of slag cements were prepared from cement clinker and blast furnace slag, in the process of which CaSO3 and CaO were added. The composition and macrostructure of the derived cements were studied in detail with the aid of XRD and SEM. Furthermore, the influence of amount of CaSO3and CaO on the mechanical properties and setting time for slag cement were evaluated, the mechanisms of which were also discussed. The results show that due to the formation of AFt and AFm in the hydration process, the CaSO3has an obvious setting retarding effect on the slag cement, and quality slag cement can be obtained when the amount of slag and CaSO3are 20% and 2%, respectively, the compressive strengths of which at 3, 7, 28 d are 30.8, 39.1, 53.7 MPa, and bending strengths at 3, 7, 28 d are 9.6, 10, 11.9MPa, respectively. Besides, CaO added which can play a role of alkali-activator for slag cement can not cause the soundness problem of slag cement.
Nano Surface Engineering and its Applications
Authors: Shi Pei Jing , Wang Hong Mei , Zhang Wei , Xu Bin Shi
Published: March 2013

The nano surface engineering technology mainly concludes the nano-materials electric brush plating technology, nano-materials thermal spraying technology and nano-films solid lubrication technology. Through the nano surface engineering, the films or coatings possessing the nano-structure characteristics can be prepared, improving remarkably the wear-resistance, anti-corrosion and fatigue-resistance of the substrate. Although the nano surface engineering enriches the maintenance methods and advances the maintenance effects, it still stands the elementary development period and many fundamental issues deserve to research in depth.