bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
‘Love is in the Air’ Exploring recruitment into prostitution by abuse of a position of vulnerability as human trafficking
Authors: Johansson Märta C.
Published: January 2022

The crime of human trafficking is intended to encompass activities such as recruitment by abusing a position of vulnerability for the purpose of sexual exploitation. Recruiting a young person into prostitution by ‘lover boy’ tactics can thus fall within the definition of human trafficking, a conviction that carries with it severe penalties. Several countries have seen a number of such convictions, including domestic cases not involv ing cross-border trafficking. Though there are Swedish convictions for recruitment into prostitution through abuse of emotional bonds in cross-border cases, a review of Swedish judgments shows that recruitment through such abuse in national cases is generally prosecuted as procuring (prostitution) – not as human trafficking.Since 2004, there have been only three Swedish prosecutions, and no convictions, for domestic human trafficking. The article argues that recruitment into prostitution by abuse of emotional bonds qualifies as abuse of a position of vulnerability – one of the elements of the crime of human trafficking. Thus, it is possible – even an international obligation – to prosecute national cases where there is recruitment into prostitution by abuse of emotional bonds as domestic trafficking. Prosecuting as human traffickingwould be in line with what the  drafters of the 2000 global human trafficking treaty intended: to encompass all the subtle means by which persons are recruited for the purpose of exploitation. This should also apply to nationals.
Body examinations of underage children committing crime - A Swedish perspective
Authors: Nordlöf Kerstin
Published: January 2022

The enforcement of a sentence requires that, at the time of the crime, the suspect has reached the age of criminal responsibility according to the Swedish Criminal Code (SFS 1962:700) as well as the Conventions on the Rights of the Child and also implicit in other international agreements. Similarly, until 2017, the Swedish Young Offenders Special Provisions Act (SFS 1964:167) required that for the use of coercive measures, a person who was on reasonable grounds suspected of a crime which might lead to a prison sentence had to have reached the age of criminal responsibility. The requirements for a body examination were extended at the time in the Swedish Code of Judicial Procedure (SFS 1942:740) to also include situations where there is an uncertainty concerning the suspect’s age. The extension regarding body examinations was a consequence of the aftermath of  the refugee crisis of  2015. Uncertainty concerning the age of a person seeking asylum had led to discussions on what methods to use in order to determine a person’s age. The issue was also raised in criminal cases where the age of a suspect was unclear and concerned, more precisely, the burden of proof regarding the age of a suspect and the legal grounds for a body examination when estimating a suspect’s age. In this article I will with reference to the fundamental principles of proportionality, predictability, equal treatment and consistency scrutinize the legal grounds for a body examination when there is an uncertainty concerning age and the suspect claims to be under the age of criminal responsibility in relation to Article 3 of the Convention on the Rights of the Child that states that ‘the best interests of the child shall be…’ and similarly in Article 24:2 of the European Charter of Fundamental Rights ‘the child’s best interests must be a primary consideration’. Furthermore, I will explore what impact the practice of a body examination in those specific situations may have from a gender and diversity perspective. At the extension of the requirement of the legal grounds for a body examination in 2017, the child’s best interests were not taken into consideration. From a gender and diversity perspective, this extension implies the preservation of a prevailing structure that men with a foreign background commit more crimes than men and women born in Sweden.
I, a Ngwazla
Authors: Elie Wouleo Kazla
Published: January 2022

“I, a Ngwazala” is a cross-examination of the Ngwazla caste of Mafa society. It gives valuable insight into the lives of blacksmiths and how their culture is currently exposed to rapid transformation. This documentary presents Zayadai our key character who although trained as a blacksmith by his father, was able to study. And on the death of his father, he abandoned his studies to practice the profession of blacksmith, a profession passed down from father to son. Helped by his three young brothers, he exercises his art in order to meet the demand of the inhabitants of Djinglia Kongoche and by extension to meet the needs of his wife, his mother and his 11 brothers. Thus it gives access to important transformation processes in the Mafa society. Although the old strict separation of the Ngwazla is still present, but the increased contacts with the outside world and the influences of locally established institutions, such as the modern school system, Christian mission and Islam, are revealing new identities of  Ngwazla . The Ngwazla are proud of their identity and are trying to reshape it in line with the rapid societal transformation underway.
We are Together
Authors: Varroni Ascanio
Published: January 2022

Jean Louis, a Central African living in the Cameroonian city of Ngaoundéré, is in search for a better life condition for him and his family. Ascanio is an Italian studying abroad, who is working to become a visual anthropologist. What will come out from this encounter, when they are both striving to achieve their aims?

The film is a reflexive account on how the object of the research, patron-client relations – so the practice of establishing relationships based on trust and mutual solidarity with more resourceful persons -, became impossible to disentangle from the researcher’s identity and subjective experience, once this was put into the same dynamics of togetherness that he was studying.
Daily Survival
Authors: Wadazoua Abdoul Aziz
Published: January 2022

Due to ecological disturbances, the scarcity of natural resources, especially fish, is increasingly disrupting the rhythm of life of local fishermen Mousgoum in the flood plain to the point where Moumin and his family are integrating new activities to survive on a daily basis according to the seasons and fishing. With 47 individuals, in addition to basic activities, therefore fishing and breeding, Moumin as head of the family is forced to cultivate rice in the dry season, breeding more and more important despite the rainy season hostile to breeding, and the beef trade in the dry season. In addition to these activities considered temporary, the management of the gain obtained from the fish during the fishing season changes the socio-economic life of Moumin’s family. Between these different survival activities, far from giving up their status as fishermen, Moumin’s family considers these secondary activities as a strategy for dealing with the environmental crises of the plain.
Annleis og nødvendig om fagleg rettleiing
Authors: Bachke Carl Christian , Sekkingstad Dorthea
Published: January 2022

Bokmelding om

Fenomener i faglig veiledning (2.utg.) Bengt Karlsson & Frank Oterholt (red.). Universitetsforlaget, 2021, 180 sider
To mestere og autoriteter om dialog i profesjonsveiledning
Authors: Skagen Kaare
Published: January 2022

Dette essayet diskuterer bildet av de to mesterne Sokrates og Kierkegaard i veiledningstradisjoner basert på faglitteratur som empirisk materiale. Hensikten er å begrunne en utvidet forståelse av Sokrates’ dialogbegrep og Kierkegaards begrep om «hjelpekunst». I tradisjonen møter vi den undrende Sokrates som på likefot med sine samtalepartnere vennlig spaserer rundt i kunnskapens rike, og som utøver sitt mesterskap i spørrekunst for at andre skal oppdage nye sider ved egen kunnskap. De historiske kildene gir likevel motsetningsfylt og sammensatt bilde av Sokrates, for han kunne også være nådeløs i sine kryssforhør, og skape både venner og fiender. Sokrates har blitt knyttet til en tilbakeholdende veilederrolle og et konstruktivistisk kunnskapssyn. Et mer realistisk bilde av hans virksomhet og idéer avdekker en langt mer allsidig veilederpraksis.

Kierkegaards populære begrep «hjelpekunst» er i veiledningstradisjoner blitt assosiert med veiledning preget av empati og tilbakeholdenhet av synspunkter og meninger. Empatien hos Kierkegaard kunne også være strategisk i forbindelse med et ønske om å bringe den som mottok veiledning over til Kierkegaards egen livssynsposisjon.

Et mer sammensatt bilde av de to autoritetene kan åpne opp for en mer nyansert og allsidig veiledning der en direkte og tydelig tilnærming også får sin plass. Metodologi og tilnærming i artikkelen er hermeneutisk, og bygger på nærlesning av tekster. Artikkelens formål er å rekonstruere og gjennomføre en kritisk drøfting for å gjøre forståelsen av idéene mer allsidig.
G. H. von Wright's Unpublished Edition of Wittgenstein's "Last Writings": Editors' Preface and Other Materials, ca. 1967–68
Authors: Jakola Lassi Johannes
Published: January 2022

Part II of this contribution makes available materials preserved of G. H. von Wright’s hitherto unknown edition of Ludwig Wittgenstein’s last writings (1949–51) from 1967–68. The edition was never published. The underlying MS material (MS 169–177) was, instead, published in four different edited volumes in 1969, 1977 and 1992. Part I, an introduction to the archival items, contextualizes von Wright’s edition historically, presents a reconstruction of its structure, compares it with the published volumes and discusses reasons for its abandonment.
Arkitektur og teknologi som avgrensar pleietrengjande sin tilgang til WC
Authors: Boge Jeanne Helene
Published: January 2022

Denne artikkelen er ein analyse av korleis arkitektur og teknologi i private bustader og sjukeheimar, strukturerer toalettpraktikkane til pleietrengjande. Analysen viser at private bustader kan vere utforma slik at pleietrengjande må sove i stova og gjere frå seg på ein toalettstol der. Dette inneber at gjeremål som vanlegvis finn stad i private delar av bustaden som bad/WC og soverom, vert flytta til stova, den offentlege delen av bustaden. Slike endringar kan stride imot pleietrengjande og deira familie sin praktiske sans.I norske sjukeheimar bur dei pleietrengjande vanlegvis i eige rom med tilhøyrande bad/WC. I denne private delen av institusjonen finn toalettpraktikkane stad. Bueiningane er konstruerte slik at pleietrengjande som ikkje kan stå på føtene ofte heller ikkje kan bruke WC.Om ein ser på den norske private notids-bustaden og notids-bueininga i sjukeheimar i lys av det før-moderne kabylske huset som var delt i ein øvre og ein nedre del, er bad/WC og soverom i notidsbustaden og notids-bueininga i sjukeheimen på mange vis homolog til den feminine, lågaste delen av det kabylske huset, fordi det er i slike delar av bustaden ein handterer den biologiske kroppen. Gjeremåla som fann stad i den lågaste delen av det kabylske huset vart rekna for feminine, dei hadde låg status og var usynlege utanfor bustaden. Den same låge statusen har arbeidet med toalettpraktikkar i helsevesenet. Slikt arbeider er sjeldan artikulert og problematisert i det offentlege rommet, så arkitektar og ingeniørar kan mangle informasjon om korleis arkitektur kan fremje/hemme toalettpraktikkar til sjuke og pleietrengjande. Dermed er det sannsynleg at dei held fram med å konstruere private og offentlege bygg som er i pakt med den praktiske byggsansen som dei har inkorporert. Når dei konstruerer private bygg slik at pleietrengjande må gjere frå seg i stova og konstruerer sjukeheimar som forhindrar dei mest pleietrengjande i å bruke WC, utøver dei samstundes symbolsk vald.
Cante pela Sua Saúde: Memória do Projeto Grupos de Canto para Seniores
Authors: Arriaga Patrícia
Published: January 2022

Através da primeira edição do Orçamento Participativo Portugal, o ano de 2017 viu nascer uma oportunidade para promover o envelhecimento ativo através de um projeto pioneiro em Portugal, intitulado “Grupos de Canto para Seniores”. Na conceção do programa deste projeto foram tidas em consideração recomendações teóricas e práticas consolidadas, baseadas em evidências empíricas, atendendo ainda ao parecer e à experiência das equipas interdisciplinares que muito contribuíram com as suas competências científicas, técnicas e sociais e que foram, por isso, fundamentais para uma implementação bem-sucedida. O presente livro apresenta a memória deste projeto, evidenciando as diferentes fases de implementação do projeto e dando voz a vários dos seus intervenientes.
Construction and Content Validation of an instrument for assessment holistic Knowledge Management
Authors: Corrêa Fabio , Ziviani Fabricio , Carvalho Dárlinton Barbosa Feres , Faria Vinícius Figueiredo de , Parreiras Fernando Silva
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT Knowledge Management is a field of research that seeks to articulate the intricate relationship between the various organizational dimensions that influence in favor of knowledge. Measurement, as a dimension of this management, proposes to measure the level or capacity of knowledge management in organizational locus. However, the instruments for this purpose are expressed without an apparent psychometric assessment, as well as they do not articulate the holistic perspective, embodied by the totality of the critical dimensions for the success of this management. In the meantime, this research aims to build and validate an instrument for assessing holistic Knowledge Management. So, this is descriptive research with a quantitative approach, which makes use of the perception of four expert judges concerning the aspects of clarity, coherence, and pertinence of the statements of the constructed instrument. These aspects were analyzed using the Content Validation Coefficient method and must be equal to or greater than 0.70 to certify the quality of the questionnaire. The results express that the total coefficients, composed of all instrument items, are 0.87, 0.94, and 0.95 for each aspect, respectively, attesting to the quality of that instrument. Thus, this questionnaire can be applied for purposes of organizational diagnosis, which is an opportunity for future research.
Atividades escolares presenciais na sindemia de covid-19: razões para comemorar?
Authors: Rumenig Eduardo
Published: January 2022

Resumo Sindemia é o termo utilizado para designar como interações biológicas e sociais influenciam no comportamento de uma determinada doença. A retomada das atividades escolares presenciais em meio à sindemia de covid-19 suscita controvérsias. Os defensores alegam que o retorno presencial mitigaria vulnerabilidades sociais, sanitárias e educacionais, enquanto os críticos afirmam que tal decisão contribuiria para a disseminação do vírus. O presente estudo analisa a dinâmica das internações e mortes por covid-19 entre estudantes da educação básica mediante a retomada das atividades escolares presenciais no município de São Paulo. Ademais, procura desvelar se a incidência de infecção por Sars-Cov-2 entre profissionais da educação teria relação com a qualidade socioterritorial que circunscreve as unidades de ensino básico (UE). As análises foram realizadas utilizando base de dados de instituições públicas paulistas. A retomada das atividades presenciais coincidiu com o aumento de internações e óbitos por covid-19 entre estudantes. O pico ocorreu 15 dias após o início das aulas. As UE inseridas em territórios com menores índices de desenvolvimento humano (IDH) registraram as maiores taxas de infecção por Sars-Cov-2. Retomar as aulas presenciais sem diminuir os riscos de contaminação parece ameaçar principalmente os indivíduos de territórios vulneráveis.
Prevalence of parents' non-intention to vaccinate their children and adolescents against COVID-19: a comparative analysis in Colombia and Peru
Authors: Benites-Zapata Vicente A. , Herrera-Añazco Percy , Benites-Meza Jerry K. , Bonilla-Aguilar Karen , Urrunaga-Pastor Diego , Bendezu-Quispe Guido , Uyen-Cateriano Angela , Rodriguez-Morales Alfonso J. , Hernández Adrian V.
Published: January 2022

We aimed to estimate the prevalence and factors associated with parents’ non-intention to vaccinate their children and adolescents against COVID-19 in Colombia and Peru. We performed a secondary analysis using a database generated by the University of Maryland and Facebook (Facebook, Inc). We included adult (18 and over) Facebook users residing in LAC who responded to the survey between May 20, and November 5, 2021. We included sociodemographic characteristics, comorbidities, mental health, economic and food insecurity, compliance with mitigation strategies against COVID-19, and practices related to vaccination against this disease. We estimated crude (cPR) and adjusted (aPR) prevalence ratios with their respective 95%CI. We analyzed a sample of 44,678 adults from Colombia and 24,302 from Peru. The prevalence of parents' non-intention to vaccinate their children and adolescents against COVID-19 was 7.41% (n=3,274) for Colombia and 6.64% (n=1,464) for Peru. In Colombia, age above 35 years old, compliance with physical distancing, use of masks, having economic insecurity, anxiety symptoms, having a chronic condition or more comorbidities, and being vaccinated were associated with a lower prevalence of non-intention to vaccinate children and adolescents against COVID-19. In Peru, gender, compliance with physical distancing, use of masks, having economic insecurity, anxiety symptoms, having a chronic condition or more comorbidities, having had COVID-19, and being vaccinated were associated with a higher probability of vaccinating children against COVID-19. Living in a town, a village, or a rural area was associated with a higher prevalence of non-intention to vaccinate children and adolescents against COVID-19. About 9 out of 10 parents in Colombia and Peru intend to vaccinate their children and adolescents against COVID-19. This intention is associated with some factors which are similar between the two countries, as well as other factors and variations among the different regions of each country.
Avicenna: vérvétel vagy vérleengedés? Tanulmány egy középkori arab orvosi eljárásról, amely tartalmazza a Kánon első könyve egy fejezetének fordítását.
Authors: Kutasi Zsuzsanna
Published: January 2022

Blood-sampling or/and bloodletting as an alternative therapy in medieval Arab medicine may have occurred for a variety of reasons: either after the failure of herbal treatment, or specific treatment of serious and infectious diseases (e.g., smallpox, measles, liver disease) or when the patient's blood loss for another reason was to be offset by this. During the adjunctive treatment, there was not the amount of drained blood of primary importance, but the change in the condition and characteristics of the blood during draining and the restoration of the quality characteristics/balance of the blood. Concerning the blood purification (restoration of the quantitative balance of the blood), primarily the amount of bloodletting was significant and precisely determined. In such cases, the aim was to restart the blocked blood flow, redirecting it from one place to another, and removing the excess blood and bodily fluids. According to vascular occlusion, “congestion,” leads to inflammation, which then progresses to a variety of diseases, maintaining a balance of qualitative and quantitative variables is often associated with medicine.
Csodatörténetek Máriapócsról
Authors: Földvári Katalin
Published: January 2022

Máriapócs is the spiritual centre of the Hungarian Greek Catholic Church and the most visited shrine in Central and Eastern Europe. The village became famous not only by the repeated lacrimation of the Theotokos Icon in the church but also by the miracles worked by the same Icon. The first miraculous healing was succeeded by the lacrimation in 1696 according to the sources. Although Emperor Leopold I was mandated to transport the original icon to Vienna in 1697, the church Máriapócs was donated a copy in 1707, which was also weeping in 1715 and 1905. Miracles continued to happen not only by the original icon in Vienna but also by the copy since 1715 down to our days. This study presents the miraculous healings from 1696 to the present by written documents and data of in-person interviews.
„[A] nagyközönségnek meg kell tudnia, hogy tulajdonképpen mi is az a pszichoanalízis” Orvosanalitikusok nyilvános szereplése a magyarországi sajtó tükrében
Authors: Friedrich Melinda
Published: January 2022

This study reflects on a report written about the Statutes of the Hungarian section of Association of Independent Medical Analysts and signed by the Dean of the Faculty of Medicine at the Royal Hungarian Pázmány Péter University of Science in Budapest 1929. The report claimed the association as a surplus and sharply criticized its intention to popularize psychoanalysis. We discuss the various forms of public performance of medical analysts including 1) public lectures, 2) press appearances (interviews, essays, advertisements), and 3) in Soul Research (Lélekkutatás) the only professional journal of Hungary (1929-1932). One of the aims of this study was to draw attention to the role that the rival psychoanalytic schools of medical analysts played in making psychoanalytic theories available and understandable to the wider public.
Az IQ skála kialakulása és fejlődése
Authors: Csák Anna , Mák Erzsébet
Published: January 2022

Alfred Binet has done an outstanding job in psychology, and among others laying the founding stone of intelligence, measurement can also be attributed to his name. He linked in his research with Theodore Simon the children’s performance closely to their age, creating this way the concept of mental age. Using this information, Based on these outcomes, William Stern created the concept of IQ as it is known today, which was further developed by Lewis Terman. The first IQ test measuring the adults’ IQ was done by David Wechsler, which was revised several times to our day. These gave rise to the concept of deviation IQ, which is measured by the intelligence tests used today.
A fogászat első egyetemi oktatói közül Barna Ignác, aki "Horác" műfordító is
Authors: Forrai Judit
Published: January 2022

Ignac Barna is one of the iconic members of the Hungarian history of dentistry since he was one of the first university educators in dentistry, was awarded the highest academic degree ever and played a significant role in the literature and cultural community from the revolution 1848 until his death in 1894. As an educator, he trained his students not only about practical techniques. He authored the first textbook of dentistry presenting the whole body of theoretical knowledge of this profession. This way, he coupled his dental practice with a dental technician’s laboratory. Thus he succeeded to adjust immediately the artificial dentures to his patients. As a result, all dental replacements fitted exactly and became more available to their functions. In the literature, he was concerned as a great translator of Horace. He translated also the antique Greek satires at the highest level and was awarded the membership of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. As a young man, he was well known in social circles and spent a long time with Petőfi as his close friend and fellow poet in the Society of Ten. This study presents Barna’s interesting and multifaceted life in its full extension
Múzeumok a digitális világban és a COVID
Authors: Győry Hedvig
Published: January 2022

In our century, we are witnessing big and significant changes in museum life, in which the virtual presence, appearance and the purposeful use of digital devices are some of the key factors. In the following brief summary, I would like to draw attention to some important components of this transformation in Hungary, included only examples limited to the online space, because this is the field, in which the situation caused by the pandemics produced the most significant changes.
BMW tulajdonosból szerzetes. Camillo Castiglione élete
Authors: Pap István
Published: January 2022

Born in Triest 1879, Camillo Castiglioni is one of the most influential persons in European industrial and banking history. At the beginning of the 20th century, he participated in establishing and financing many major companies. He founded aircraft factories, among them the MLG and Ufag, but his permanent achievement was the start-up of the BMW machine factory and the founding of its economic success. He set up several banks, and his financial talents did not leave him either during the years of World War 1 or the Great Depression. He was one of Europe's most important financial professionals and capital owners until the rise of fascism. Because of his Jewish ancestry, he eventually had to hide and survive World War II as a disguised monk in a monastery.
In memoriam von Dr. Mihály Németh-Csóka (1927-2020)
Authors: Makoviczky József
Published: January 2022

Professor Mihály (Michael) Németh-Csóka MD died on August 16, 2020, after his 93rd birthday. He was a distinguished chemist, histochemistry and molecular pathologist. Between 1954 and 1958, he was employed at the University Pécs as a co-worker of professor Romhányi. In the first period of his career, he performed polarization optical analysis of elastic- and collagen fibrils combined with elastase- and collagenase digestion techniques. Later with his colleagues, he demonstrated the helical structure of polysaccharides by ORD and CD techniques. Furthermore, they explained the direction of rotation of these helices as determined by the structure and the level of their sulfate saturation. The helical structure and the direction of rotation showed a close correlation with their biological properties like the fibril forming effect and the effect on haemostasis. He was an enthusiastic educator, scientist and referent too. He organized and managed the training of laboratory/pathology technicians in Hungary for 30 years.
A magyar Muhina, Moszkva, Párizs és London idővonalán
Authors: Hetényi Zsuzsa
Published: January 2022

Western European exhibitions held to mark the centenary of the Russian Revolution painted a surprisingly positive picture of early revolutionary and later social-realist art, and the 21th-century public welcomed the monumental works. The first part of this study seeks to explain the reasons behind the enthusiastic reception of the Russian avant-garde in Western Europe and Hungary since the 1960s. The second part explores its antecedents in the works of Deineka and Mukhina, the Russian artists presented in the Russian pavilion of the World Exhibition Paris 1937. The final part discusses the striking similarity in aesthetic form and fate of Muhina’s sculpture and the Budapest Naval Monument, both erected the same year 1937.
A virtuális valóság technológiai és egészségügyi fejlődése 2000-ig.
Authors: Erdős Sándor
Published: January 2022

Virtual reality is a 360-degree artificial environment, which creates the sense of real presence in spatial terms. Several medical fields utilize its mentioned property. The aim of this study is to show the history of virtual reality from 1960 to 2000 and its first ten years in healthcare. Struggling technological development was led by talented computer scientists as Ivan Sutherland and Thomas Furness. Education and psychiatry were the first two fields of virtual reality in medicine. Scientists discovered the negative aspects of virtual reality already at the beginning as a cybersickness syndrome. Both technological and medical development was slow however it contributed gradually to our contemporary and highly developed technology.
„Igen nehéz a’ bizonytalan maga-megölésben ítéletet hozni.” Az öngyilkosság kérdése a törvényszéki orvostani diskurzusban (1780–1850)
Authors: Kovács Janka
Published: January 2022

The aim of this article is to explore and contextualize the normative approach to suicide in the emerging discourse of forensic medicine between the last decades of the eighteenth century and the first half of the nineteenth century. Viewed through the lenses of processes, such as the medicalization and pathologization of “madness” beginning in the second half of the eighteenth century, which provided one of the most characteristic contexts of the discourse on suicide, the article examines how Hungarian authors and/or translators of textbooks, dissertations, and medical treatises aimed at partially challenging earlier views and methods of handling the problem of suicide. By focusing on three main themes, namely the increasingly valorized pathological knowledge used in judicial procedures, the sociocultural and communal contexts, and the semantic dimension of the discourse, the article also points out the contradictory nature of the discourse that partially contributed to the medicalization and decriminalization of suicide, but at the same time also perpetuated some of the most persistent prejudices and the ambivalence surrounding the act of intentionally taking one’s own life.
Holisztikus vonások Pápai Páriz Ferenc „Pax animae” és „Pax corporis” című műveiben
Authors: Petrőczi Éva
Published: January 2022

Ferenc Pápai Páriz, son of a puritan pastor and author, Imre Pápai Páriz, was one of the most versatile figures of late 17th, early 18th century Transylvania. He got his M.D. degree in Basel, survived a great plague there, and became one of the true disciples of the famous Professor Henricus Glaserus, one of the victims of this murderous contagious illness. In the very rich list of the Pápai Páriz publications, there are poems, a biblical drama, entitled Isaac and Rebecca, and many medical and theological works. He was the professor of philosophy at the famous Reformed College of Nagyenyed, but the best-known and most widely quoted pieces written by him are the „twin volumes” of The Pax Corporis and Pax Animae. The first one became a very useful medical handbook and collection of therapies for those who were unable to reach or to afford any medical care. And, at the same time, the first one to deal with children’s and women’s diseases. Together with practical medical advice, he always carefully dealt with the problems of the human psyche. And in his Pax animae he was able to concentrate upon body and soul at the same time. That’s why we can call him „the father of holistic thinking and method” in Hungary and Transylvania. This philosophy and practice appears in the laudatory poems written about his books, by contemporary authors. For instance, a close friend and a patient of his, Miklós Tótfalusi Kiss, the well-known printer mentioned the Pax corporis – with great reverence – as „the Bible of the human body.”
Számok és statisztikák szerepe az élettudományok fejlődésének történetében; az epidemiológia születése
Authors: Madarász Bálint , Forrai Judit
Published: January 2022

This study provides a brief review of the past five centuries, emphasizing several historic milestones in the development of life sciences in terms of highly appreciated numerical findings and statistics. These developments prepared the way for the birth of evidence-based epidemiology. Among others, there are reviewed the works of Sanctorio Sanctorius, John Graunt, William Farr, and the discoveries of John Snow, as well as the systems of public health improvements and statistics in Europe and the USA respectively.
The South African Air Force in Korea: an evaluation of 2 Squadron's first combat engagement, 19 November until 2 December 1950
Authors: Garcia Antonio
Published: January 2022

South African participation in the Korean War (1950-1953) in direct support of an international military offensive led by the United States of America demonstrated the National Party administration's commitment to opposing Communism. This article details how the deployment of South African Air Force 2 Squadron achieved the strategic objectives of the South African government in supporting the anti-communist United States-led United Nations coalition in the Korean War. It evaluates the performance of South Africa's Air Force in their first operational test since the Second World War. The combat operations discussed under the scope of this article include the first tactical engagement of 2 Squadron in support of the initial advance (19 November to 21 December) 1950 and then later, the retreat of the United Nations force.
The Kaiser's lost African empire and the Alternative für Deutschland: Colonial guilt-denial and authoritarian populism in Germany
Authors: Hyslop Jonathan
Published: January 2022

This article examines the role which the "imaginary" of the empire that Germany lost in 1919 plays in the contemporary German extreme right, and especially its leading expression, the Alternative für Deutschland (AfD). It focuses on the symbolic importance of the former colonies in South West Africa / Namibia and East Africa / Tanzania and of the less emotionally charged, although also significant, German 'informal empire' connections to South Africa. The article highlights that the AfD draws on a considerable legacy of political activism concerning Africa stretching back through the colonial revanchist nationalism of the Weimar era, the global network of the Nazi Party's "Foreign Organisation", and the post-war populism of Franz Josef Strauß. AfD ideologues glorify the achievements of the Kaiserreich, and emphasise that Germany has nothing to be ashamed of, in relation to its record in the colonial era. With the recent demands from Namibia for the payment of German reparations for the 1904-7 genocide in that country, this past has become a very live issue in German politics, and the AfD has made much of its opposition to any admission of German culpability. The article also shows how the AfD portrays itself as the defender of the German minority in Namibia and of white South Africans, whose position is represented as a warning of what happens when white people allow racial "others" to attain political power. The analysis seeks to avoid simple "culturalist" /historicist explanations of the presence of these issues in contemporary politics, embedding its account in the continuities of significant social, economic and strategic relationships between southern Africa and Germany.
[RETRACTED] Alpha State Male Enhancement Reviews: Pills SHOCKING! Don't Buy! v1
Authors: not provided health
Published: January 2022

[RETRACTED]

Alpha State Male Enhancement Other than improving sexual efficiency, Alpha State Male Enhancement additionally improves immunity.
[RETRACTED] Montana Valley CBD Gummies Review Benefits, Side-Effects 100% CBD It’s Really Work? Update 2022 v1
Authors: Valley CBD Gummies Montana
Published: January 2022

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Montana Valley CBD Gummies Cubes helps clients to more encourage the way they fuel their bodies, in any case, when they have not left. By using something that has all the advantages of THC, regardless with no side or unintentional results, consumers can obtain so much patronage that different conditions don’t enable it. However, the client needs a supplement little by little, the use of Montana Valley CBD Gummies manages the everyday measurements of the body.
Staphilococcus Aureus Sampling v4
Authors: Roca Cugat Pol , Sánchez Olga
Published: January 2022

This protocol is intended to study the affectation of Staphilococcus Aureus, including the MRSA variant. It outlines the basic protocol for a multi-subject study.
[RETRACTED] Next Plant CBD Gummies v1
Authors: not provided aiyenaremasep
Published: January 2022

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https://dietaryhealthsupplement.blogspot.com/2022/01/next-plant-cbd-gummies.html
Migrants’ Experiences With Limited Access to Social Protection in a Framework of EU Post‐National Policies
Authors: Scheibelhofer Elisabeth
Published: January 2022

It has been argued that nation‐states confront migrant protection with a highly diverse array of measures ranging from excluding strategies (often labelled as “welfare chauvinism”) to more inclusionary, post‐national approaches. While exclusionary strategies are often guided by nativist principles such as citizenship, post‐national approaches of social protection are usually based on residence. Building on an international comparative project with a focus on free movement within the European Union, and involving four pairs of EU member states, this article argues that the extremes of these two ways of understanding nation‐state approaches to migrant social protection are not mutually exclusive, as has been discussed so far, but, instead, are intertwined with one another. While there is a common (and globally unique) framework on the EU level for the coordination of mobile citizens’ social protection, EU member states determine their strategies using residence as a main tool to govern intra‐EU migration. We differentiate between three main intertwining strategies applied by nation‐states in this respect: generally, selectively, and purposefully gated access to social protection. All three potentially lead to the social exclusion of migrants, particularly those who cannot prove their residence status in line with institutional regulations due to their undocumented living situations or their transnational lifestyles.
Prospects of using chondroprotectors for the treatment of pulmonary pathology
Authors: Torshin I. Yu. , Gromova O. A. , Chuchalin A. G.
Published: January 2022

Background.The complex mechanisms of action of chondroitin sulfate (CS) and glucosamine sulfate (GS) at the molecular level make it possible to assert the applicability of the corresponding drugs far beyond chondroprotection. Inhibition of proinflammatory mechanisms (NF-κB, activation of toll-receptors, increased levels of cytokines, degranulation of mast cells, etc.) by CS and GS provide the prospects for their use to inhibit inflammation in the respiratory tracts, allergic processes and to enhance the effects of glucocorticoids.Objective:to systemize data on the effects of chondroitin sulfate and glucosamine sulfate on pathophysiological processes in pulmonary pathology.Material and methods.Using the methods of the theory of text topological analysis an intellectual analysis of 1273 publications on fundamental and clinical studies of the relationship of CS and GS with lung function was carried out. The search was performed by a key query “(glucosamine OR chondroitin) AND (lung OR lungs OR pulmonary OR pulmonology)” in the Pubmed/MEDLINE database. As a result, 59 informative biomedical terms were identified.Results.The chemoproteomic study of CS and GS showed that their intake promoted an increase in the expression of 19 antitumor proteins and a decrease in the expression of 25 pro-inflammatory proteins involved in lung function. CS and GS can be used in the complex therapy of infectious diseases of the lungs, with fibrotic changes in the respiratory tracts and, as well, help to reduce the risk of neoplastic diseases of the lungs.Conclusion.The results of this analysis allow us to assert the promising nature of the use of CS and GS in several neoplastic diseases of the lungs, as well as the high safety of drugs based on pharmaceutical standardized forms of CS and GS in terms of lung function.
Economic outcomes of centralized procurements of gene therapy for patients with orphan diseases: inherited retinal dystrophy
Authors: Avxentyev N. А. , Makarova Yu. V. , Kadyshev V. V.
Published: January 2022

Background. New pathogenetic treatment options, such as gene therapy, are now used to treat previously uncurable diseases. However, price of such treatment is high, especially in the case of orphan diseases, where costs may many-fold exceed the prices for other types of medication. This raises a question of optimal way of financing gene therapy in Russia.Objective: to evaluate economic consequences of centralizing procurement of gene therapy in 2021–2030 in the case of the drug indicated for treatment of biallelic RPE65 mutation-associated retinal dystrophy.Material and methods. Voretigene neparvovec is a new gene therapy that is used to treat RPE65 mutation-associated Leber congenital amaurosis and isolated retinitis pigmentosa. We estimated the number of patients (children and adults) that could be treated with voretigene neparvovec in 2021–2030 in Russia using demographic forecasting method, literature and expert data. Budget costs of treatment were estimated for two scenarios: status-quo, where gene therapy is purchased by regions for higher price, and centralized scenario with federal procurements and lower price for the drug.Results. Up to 100 children and 56 adults could be treated with voretigene neparvovec in 2021–2030 in Russia. Centralizing procurements at the expense of federal budget may save up to 20.7% or 1.8 billion rub. (1.13 billion rub. for children and 0.67 billion rub. for adults), compared to regional procurements.Conclusion. Centralizing procurements of expensive drugs intended for gene therapy of orphan diseases may save budget costs of the Russian Federation, compared to status-quo decentralized purchases.
Quality Management in Pedagogical Education Based on the Diagnostics of Teachers’ Professional Deficits: Theoretical and Methodological Aspect
Authors: Altynikova N.V. , Dorofeev A.V. , Muzaev A.A. , Sagitov S.T.
Published: January 2022

The paper presents the methodology of education quality management based on the identication of teachers’ professional deficits. The methodology for evaluating the formation of subject and methodological competencies is described. Assessment materials are developed in accordance with the requirements of the professional standard of the teacher and the Federal state educational standards of basic general and secondary general education. It is supposed to implement an automated identification of professional deficits within teaching staff. The article presents empirical data on the results of the approbation of this technique. 624 teachers from rural and urban educational organizations of the Republic of Bashkortostan and 90 students of pedagogical specialties of the university participated in the testing. The analysis of the approbation results of the methodology and assessment materials showed that the developed methodology is applicable to identify professional deficits of teachers and students of teacher-training institutions for further construction of individual educational trajectories of the approbation participants.
About methods of opening the brain
Authors: Pozharisky I. F.
Published: January 2022

(Second trial lecture given at a meeting of the Faculty of Medicine (17.XII.07), for the competition of a private docent).

'The individuality of the case' says Virchow, 'should determine the method of dissection'. But, he continues, the rule cannot be sacrificed to various evasions, and the opener can afford to change the usual cuts in some way only when it is fully justified. These provisions are of great importance, both for the whole doctrine of the opening of the organs of the body in general, and for the section of the brain in particular. On the one hand, it is extremely important to have strictly worked out methods that would make it possible to examine organs in perfect order with the least danger of spoiling or destroying any interesting preparation. On the other hand, precisely for the sake of the greatest demonstrativeness, it is sometimes necessary to impose cuts in the wrong directions in which this is usually done.
Paul Flechsig. Remarks on the auditory centers of the human brain. Neurologisches Central-blatt 1908—Nos. 1 and 2
Authors: Veselitsky I. A.
Published: January 2022

(The article was the subject of a report read in the Society of Middle German Psychiatrists and Neurologists on October 26, 1907).

Carl Wernike, on the basis of clinical observations, drew a generally accepted, well-known conclusion about the close relationship of the first temporal gyrus with the auditory sphere. Despite the fact that this area is named after him, Wernike himself was far from the idea of attributing all auditory functions exclusively to this gyrus (as the only center) and was rather inclined to think that all the external temporal gyrus are somewhat interested in this respect. This idea is also supported by Munk and Monakow. From the very beginning, the author has kept aloof on this issue and defends somewhat different views that disagree with the generally accepted ones.
A. Lourie. On the movement of the eyeballs during irritation of the cerebellum. Berlin. Neurologisches Centralblatt. 1908. No. 3
Authors: Veselitsky I. A.
Published: January 2022

The author reports the results of experiments carried out on animals (dogs) at the Physiological Institute of the Royal Higher Veterinary School in Berlin. Even earlier, he had the opportunity to carry out work of a similar kind on the stimulation of the cerebellum and analyze the phenomena observed in this case. Both from previous experiments and from the present, he formed a certain conviction that in the cerebellum there are absolutely no centers for the movement of the eyes and muscles of the face, as Ferrier claims. All those who worked on the subject and in this area, except for Munk, like Renzi, Lewandowsky, Pruse, and especially Ferrier, found that when different parts of the cerebellum were stimulated in different animals, different movements of the eyes, and sometimes also of other parts of the body, such as ears, were obtained. , wings of the nose. From the side of the eyes, nystagmus, eye rotation, pupil dilation, exophthalmus were observed. The experiments were carried out by the author with a wide opening of the posterior part of the cranium in order to make the entire surface of the cerebellum accessible as far as possible.
H. Curschman. To the question of the sacral form of multiple sclerosis and dissociation of disorders of sexual ability. Neurologisches Centralblatt. 1908—No. 3
Authors: Veselitsky I. A.
Published: January 2022

The first to point to this form was sclerosis disseminata. Under the influence of this report, the author, for his part, brings to attention a case that he observed of an undoubted sclerosis disseminata, where the process was localized in the lowest parts of the spinal cord - in the conus terminalis. Such process localization is very rare, as pointed out by Oppenheim and Mendel.
Meeus. Claudication intermittente D'origine cerebrale. Revue Neurologique. 1907. No. 18
Authors: Markelov Grigory I.
Published: January 2022

Dejerine in 1894 and 1906 described several cases of claudication intermittente of spinal origin. The essence of this disease is reduced in general terms to the following. While walking in one leg, paresthesias appear, sensations of heaviness and at the same time weakness. After a while, the patient can go on completely unhindered; after a short time, the same phenomena occur again.
Rosenfeld. On mental disorders in aphasia. Centralblatt fur Nervenheilkunde. 1906. 15 luni
Authors: Markelov Grigory I.
Published: January 2022

If one looks through the case histories of aphasics, especially in the older literature, then in the vast majority of cases one can find only very meager indications of the state of the general mental activity, of the state of the patient's intellect. The reason for this lies mainly in the fact that the study of the intelligence of such patients is associated with great difficulties, especially where dealing with sensory aphasia or paraphasia.
Prof. Shcherbak. "On the pathological significance of Trichocephalus dispar". Publishing house "Practical Medicine". 1908
Authors: Zhilin Ivan N.
Published: January 2022

Monograph prof. Shcherbak has in mind mainly to elucidate the role of trichocepbali as a pathogenic agent in certain nervous diseases.
Report on the activities of the Society of Neurologists and Psychiatrists at the Imperial Kazan University for 1907
Authors: Nikolaev Vladimir V.
Published: January 2022

The reporting year is represented by the sixteenth year of the activity of the society, which in 1907 had 8 scientific meetings, in which 13 reports were made. Editorial expense report.