bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fungal Foe and Mechanical Hearts: A Retrospective Case Series on Candida auris Bloodstream Infection With Left Ventricular Assist Devices
Authors: Kerai Ajay , Doshi Saumil , Laleker Ashley , Majumdar Anjali
Published: May 2024

No guidelines currently exist for the management of Candida auris bloodstream infection in patients with left ventricular assist devices (LVADs). We aim to share our management experience through this retrospective case series outlining 15 episodes of C auris candidemia identified in 7 patients over 18 months. The initial source of candidemia was central venous catheter in 5 patients, driveline exit site infection in 1 patient, and possible pump infection in 1 patient. All patients were initially treated with micafungin. Despite susceptibility to micafungin, 4 patients experienced recurrent C auris candidemia. All patients died within 1 year of their first episode of C auris candidemia. Source control is challenging in patients with LVADs, and strict infection prevention measures should be practiced. More studies are needed to evaluate the role of newer antifungal agents, use of combination antifungal regimens, and impact on morbidity in patients with LVADs.
Clinical Features and Genomic Epidemiology of Bloodstream Infections due to Enterococcal Species Other Than Enterococcus faecalis or E. faecium in Patients With Cancer
Authors: Axell-House Dierdre B , Ashley Patrycja A , Egge Stephanie L , Tran Truc T , Pedroza Claudia , Zhang Meng , Dinh An Q , Simar Shelby R , Sahasrabhojane Pranoti V , Miller William R , Shelburne Samuel A , Hanson Blake M , Arias Cesar A
Published: May 2024

Background

Non–Enterococcus faecium, non–E. faecalis (NFF) enterococci are a heterogeneous group of clinically pathogenic enterococci that include species with intrinsic low-level vancomycin resistance. Patients with cancer are at increased risk for bacteremia with NFF enterococci, but their clinical and molecular epidemiology have not been extensively described.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective review of all patients (n = 70) with NFF bacteremia from 2016 to 2022 at a major cancer center. The main outcomes assessed were 30-day mortality, microbiological failure (positive blood cultures for ≥4 days), and recurrence of bacteremia (positive blood culture <14 days after clearance). Whole-genome sequencing was performed on all available NFF (n = 65).

Results

Patients with hematological malignancies made up 56% of the cohort (77% had leukemia). The majority of solid malignancies (87%) were gastrointestinal in origin. The majority of infections (83%) originated from an intra-abdominal source. The most common NFF species were E. gallinarum (50%) and E. casseliflavus (30%). Most (61%) patients received combination therapy. Bacteremia recurred in 4.3% of patients, there was a 30-day mortality of 23%, and 4.3% had microbiological failure. E. gallinarum and E. casseliflavus isolates were genetically diverse with no spatiotemporal clustering to suggest a single strain. Frequencies of ampicillin resistance (4.3%) and daptomycin resistance (1.9%) were low. Patients with hematologic malignancy had infections with NFF enterococci that harbored more resistance genes than patients with solid malignancy (P = .005).

Conclusions

NFF bacteremia is caused by a heterogeneous population of isolates and is associated with significant mortality. Hematological malignancy is an important risk factor for infection with NFF resistant to multiple antibiotics.
Genitourinary syndrome of lactation: a new perspective on postpartum and lactation-related genitourinary symptoms
Authors: Perelmuter Sara , Burns Ramzy , Shearer Katie , Grant Raeven , Soogoor Anantha , Jun Soyoun , Meurer Janine Alexis , Krapf Jill , Rubin Rachel
Published: May 2024

Background

The genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM) is a well-documented condition characterized by a range of genitourinary symptoms in peri- and postmenopausal women. As with GSM, postpartum lactating women experience reduced estrogen and androgen levels. However, there is limited research on the impact of symptoms during the postpartum breastfeeding period.

Objectives

The aim was to review the literature for genitourinary health in the postpartum breastfeeding population and summarize key findings and potential treatments.

Methods

We performed a comprehensive literature review in PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus from inception of database to November 2023 using the following keywords individually and in combination: “physiology of postpartum” or “physiology of lactogenesis” or “vulvovaginal health” or “vaginal atrophy” or “vaginal dryness” or “dyspareunia” or “urinary incontinence” or “lactation” or “breastfeeding” or “vaginal estrogen.” All identified articles published in English were considered. Relevant studies were extracted, evaluated, and analyzed. The work presented in this article represents a summative review of the identified literature.

Results

During lactation, high levels of prolactin inhibit estrogen and androgen secretion via negative feedback, which leads to an increased prevalence of vulvovaginal atrophy, vaginal dryness, dyspareunia, and urinary incontinence in lactating postpartum women. Despite these highly prevalent and potentially devastating symptoms, there is a lack of consistent screening at postpartum visits and no treatment guidelines available to health care providers.

Conclusion

Postpartum breastfeeding women experience similar physiology and symptoms to the postmenopausal phase, as seen in GSM. We propose the introduction of a novel term to describe the genitourinary changes seen in postpartum breastfeeding individuals: genitourinary syndrome of lactation. The diagnostic use of genitourinary syndrome of lactation will equip health care providers with an all-encompassing term to bring awareness to the symptoms experienced by postpartum breastfeeding individuals and lead to improved screening and treatment for the high numbers of individuals experiencing these genitourinary changes.
Discovery of an endemism hotspot of freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae) in Assam, with a description of two new genera
Authors: Bolotov Ivan N , Sonowal Jyotish , Kardong Devid , Pasupuleti Rajeev , Subba Rao Nalluri V , Unnikrishnan Suresh Kumar , Gofarov Mikhail Y , Kondakov Alexander V , Konopleva Ekaterina S , Lyubas Artem A , Vikhrev Ilya V
Published: May 2024

The Indian subcontinent houses a unique fauna of freshwater mussels. Tectonic and biogeographic reconstructions indicate that this fauna represents a derivative of Mesozoic Gondwanan biota and that it arrived in Asia on the Indian Plate, using this tectonic block as a ‘biotic ferry’. Though a preliminary integrative revision of the Indian Unionidae was published recently, the level of endemism and taxonomic richness of regional assemblages are unsatisfactorily known. Here, we revise the taxonomy of freshwater mussels from the Brahmaputra River basin based on a large DNA-sequence and morphological dataset that was sampled in Assam, north-eastern India. We managed to collect and sequence topotypes for nearly all nominal species described from the region, except for Lamellidens friersoni and Parreysia smaragdites. Our phylogenetic and morphology-based research reveals that the regional Unionidae assemblage contains nine species, belonging to a single subfamily, the Parreysiinae. Seven species and three genera (Balwantia, Pseudoscabies Bolotov, Sonowal, Kardong, Pasupuleti and Subba Rao gen. nov., and Assamnaia Bolotov, Sonowal, Kardong, Pasupuleti and Subba Rao gen. nov.) appear to be endemic to the region, indicating that the Brahmaputra River may represent an endemism hotspot of global significance. Our findings highlight that this region should be considered a high-priority area for freshwater conservation management.
Drivers of Memory Loss Underreport in Mild Cognitive Impairment Due to Alzheimer Versus Vascular Disease
Authors: Briggs Anthony Q. , Ouedraogo Tall Sakina , Boza-Calvo Carolina , Bernard Mark A. , Bubu Omonigho M. , Masurkar Arjun V.
Published: May 2024

Background:

We examined drivers of self and study partner reports of memory loss in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) from Alzheimer (AD-MCI) and vascular disease (Va-MCI).

Methods:

We performed retrospective cross-sectional analyses of participants with AD-MCI (n=2874) and Va-MCI (n=376) from the National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center data set. Statistical analysis utilized 2-sided t test or the Fisher exact test.

Results:

Compared with AD-MCI, Va-MCI subjects (24.5% vs. 19.7%, P=0.031) and study partners (31.4% vs. 21.6%, P<0.0001) were more likely to deny memory loss. Black/African Americans were disproportionately represented in the group denying memory loss in AD-MCI (20.0% vs. 13.2%, P<0.0001) and Va-MCI (33.7% vs. 18.0%, P=0.0022). Study partners of participants with these features also disproportionately denied memory loss: female (AD-MCI: 60.1% vs. 51.7%, P=0.0002; Va-MCI: 70.3% vs. 52.3%, P=0.0011), Black/African American (AD-MCI: 23.5% vs. 11.98%, P<0.0001; Va-MCI: 48.8% vs. 26.5%, P=0.0002), and <16 years of education (AD-MCI only: 33.9% vs. 16.3%, P=0.0262). In AD-MCI and Va-MCI, participants with anxiety were disproportionately represented in the group endorsing memory loss (AD: 28.2% vs. 17.4%, P<0.0001; Va: 31.5% vs. 16.1%, P=0.0071), with analogous results with depression.

Conclusion:

The findings would suggest extra vigilance in interview-based MCI detection of persons at-risk for self-based or informant-based misreport.
Crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of 3,3′-[ethane-1,2-diylbis(oxy)]bis(5,5-dimethylcyclohex-2-en-1-one) including an unknown solvate
Authors: Sadikhova Nurlana D. , Akkurt Mehmet , Ismayilov Valeh M. , Yusubov Niftali N. , Hasanov Khudayar I. , Bhattarai Ajaya
Published: May 2024

The title molecule, C18H26O4, consists of two symmetrical halves related by the inversion centre at the mid-point of the central –C—C– bond. The hexene ring adopts an envelope conformation. In the crystal, the molecules are connected into dimers by C—H...O hydrogen bonds with R
2
2(8) ring motifs, forming zigzag ribbons along the b-axis direction. According to a Hirshfeld surface analysis, H...H (68.2%) and O...H/H...O (25.9%) interactions are the most significant contributors to the crystal packing. The contribution of some disordered solvent to the scattering was removed using the SQUEEZE routine [Spek (2015). Acta Cryst. C71, 9–18] in PLATON. The solvent contribution was not included in the reported molecular weight and density.
Enhancing brand loyalty through LGBTQ+ influencers: a study on the impact of firm-generated content in inclusive marketing strategies
Authors: Chatzopoulou Evi , Poulis Athanasios , Giovanis Apostolos
Published: May 2024

Purpose

This study aims to examine the impact of firm-generated content (FGC) on lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer/questioning (LGBTQ+) influencers, focussing on inclusive marketing strategies and enquires the ability of LGBTQ+ influencers to enhance brand engagement and loyalty within diverse communities.

Design/methodology/approach

A quantitative approach was utilized, and data was collected via social media platforms. Structural equation modelling (SEM) was employed to explore the relationships between FGC, influencer content, dimensions of place attachment and brand loyalty.

Findings

According to the findings FGC positively influences LGBTQ+ influencers, which in turn affect in a significant way place identity and place social bonding. Both dimensions of place attachment were found to have a positive impact on brand loyalty, which indicate that LGBTQ+ influencers have an important role in enhancing brand engagement through inclusive marketing.

Practical implications

Firms in order to increase their brand loyalty and customer engagement, need to adopt inclusive marketing strategies that resonate with LGBTQ+ communities. In order to do so they need to work with LGBTQ+ influencers that can effectively communicate the brand’s commitment to diversity and inclusion, thus fostering a stronger emotional connection with the brand.

Originality/value

This study introduces a conceptual framework that highlights the mediator role of place attachment in the relationship between influencer marketing and brand loyalty. This research contributes to the existing literature by providing empirical evidence on the effectiveness of leveraging LGBTQ+ influencers in inclusive marketing campaigns.
Innovation for environmental sustainability: business models for SMEs
Authors: Figueiredo Natália , Patrício Lurdes D. , Reis Manuel
Published: May 2024

Purpose

An effective business model (BM) is essential for the success of any company, with sustainable innovation being a critical component of this model. This entails finding creative ways to meet present needs without compromising future generations. In this regard, cooperation can be crucial in developing sustainable innovation. This paper investigates how different types of cooperation impact the development of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) innovation for environmental sustainability. In this sense, it intends to compare the effects of cooperation acquired nationally or at a European level.

Design/methodology/approach

The methods used are logistic regression for the sample of 87,374 observations from 14 countries of the Eurostat Community Innovation Survey (CIS) database.

Findings

The results confirm that cooperation with national or European agents significantly impacts the innovation for environmental sustainability of SMEs; however, not all cooperations have the same significance level. At a national level, cooperation with the suppliers of equipment, materials, components or software, clients or customers and universities or other higher education institutes impacts the innovations for environmental sustainability developed by SMEs. At a European level, cooperation established with other enterprises within your enterprise group, equipment, materials, components or software suppliers, clients or customers and government, public or private research institutes significantly impacts innovations for environmental sustainability.

Originality/value

This study also provides substantial theoretical contributions on the subject and more information about the importance of cooperation by SMEs in developing innovation for environmental sustainability.
Neobank adoption: integrating the information systems effectiveness framework with the innovation resistance model
Authors: Bhatnagr Puneett , Rajesh Anupama , Misra Richa
Published: May 2024

Purpose

This study aims to integrate Delone and McLean’s information system success (DMISS) model with the innovation resistance model to evaluate the relationship between behavioural intention to use (BIU) and innovation resistance in the context of neo-banking. The primary objective of this study is to identify the drivers of neo-banking adoption and the barriers to its adoption and incorporate constructs such as e-trust (ETR) and personal innovativeness (PIV) to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the factors influencing neo-banking adoption.

Design/methodology/approach

A structured survey-based questionnaire was used to gather data from a diverse sample population in India. The Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) model was employed to further examine the adoption of neobanking services and users' intention to use neobanking services.

Findings

This study reveals a significant correlation between BIU and the uptake of neobanking services, demonstrating the value of consumers' readiness to embrace these offerings. However, resistance to usage has emerged as a major obstacle for consumers concerned about data security, technology reluctance and perceived risks associated with digital-only neobanks.

Research limitations/implications

Analysing the driving and restraining factors will provide substantial information on the formation of consumers' decision-making processes in the Indian banking industry, which is undergoing rapid digital transformation. This information is of great importance to scholars, practitioners and policymakers, as it highlights the factors that may facilitate or impede the adoption of neobanking in India. The outcomes of this analysis will be of particular interest to researchers, experts and stakeholders in the field as they will provide valuable insights into the dynamics of consumer behaviour in the Indian banking sector.

Originality/value

This study represents an initial effort to examine BIUs and usage resistance within the rapidly developing neobanking sector in India. The findings of this study build on the existing research in this area and contribute to the ongoing discussion on the adoption of neo-banking.
Role of supply chain partnership, cross-functional integration, responsiveness and resilience on competitive advantages: empirical evidence from Palestine
Authors: Badwan Nemer
Published: May 2024

Purpose

The external business environment of the organization is always changing at a rapid pace. For a firm to adapt to changing client requirements, it must implement the right business procedures and strategies. To improve competitive advantage, this study investigates the roles that supply chain partnerships, cross-functional integration, responsiveness and resilience play in achieving competitive advantages in Palestine.

Design/methodology/approach

Industrial institutions in Palestine constitute the study population. Data are collected by distributing surveys via Google Forms linked to manufacturers in industries such as the Leather and shoe Industry, metal industries, chemical industries, construction industries, textile industries, stone and marble industries, pharmaceutical industry, veterinary industry, food industry, plastic industry, paper industry, major advantages and disadvantages. The SEM-PLS approach is used to analyze the data.

Findings

The findings demonstrate that supply chain responsiveness, resilience and cooperation are all improved by cross-functional integration in inventory data integration and immediate operation. Supply chain partnerships improve the supply chain’s responsiveness, resilience and competitive advantage by involving partners in work teams and exchanging best practices. The enhancement of supply chain resilience and competitive advantage is influenced by the company’s capacity to act promptly in response to variations in demands.

Research limitations/implications

This paper faces some limitations and it can be drawn as follows: To enhance supply chain risk management, the study continues to concentrate on manufacturing organizations that have internal integration. It also emphasizes the necessity of supply chain integration, which establishes direct connections with outside partners.

Practical implications

The findings of this study suggest some policy implications, as follows: To provide the manufacturing sector with a competitive edge, operations supervisors must be able to track and assess processes to ensure they are meeting demand. Firms that possess the ability to adjust to novel procedures or advancements in technology gain a competitive edge by guaranteeing consistent and high-quality delivery of products.

Originality/value

By implementing IT integration, this study theoretically and practically advances the understanding of the resource-based view of competitive advantages. This study focuses on providing insights into the nature of the relationship between supply chain partnership, cross-functional integration, responsiveness and flexibility and competitive advantages in the manufacturing sector in the Palestinian market.
Biogeography and impact of nitrous oxide reducers in rivers across a broad environmental gradient on emission rates
Authors: Zhang Sibo , Xia Xinghui , Yu Leilei , Liu Shaoda , Li Xiaokang , Wang Junfeng , Zheng Yue , Han Lanfang , Tan Qian , Yang Zhifeng
Published: May 2024

Microbial communities that reduce nitrous oxide (N2O) are divided into two clades, nosZI and nosZII. These clades significantly differ in their ecological niches and their implications for N2O emissions in terrestrial environments. However, our understanding of N2O reducers in aquatic systems is currently limited. This study investigated the relative abundance and diversity of nosZI‐ and nosZII‐type N2O reducers in rivers and their impact on N2O emissions. Our findings revealed that stream sediments possess a high capacity for N2O reduction, surpassing N2O production under high N2O/NO3‐ ratio conditions. This study, along with others in freshwater systems, demonstrated that nosZI marginally dominates more often in rivers. While microbes containing either nosZI and nosZII were crucial in reducing N2O emissions, the net contribution of nosZII‐containing microbes was more significant. This can be attributed to the nir gene co‐occurring more frequently with the nosZI gene than with the nosZII gene. The diversity within each clade also played a role, with nosZII species being more likely to function as N2O sinks in streams with higher N2O concentrations. Overall, our findings provide a foundation for a better understanding of the biogeography of stream N2O reducers and their effects on N2O emissions.
Habitat conditions and not moss composition mediate microbial community structure in Swiss peatlands
Authors: Korn Rachel , Berg Christian , Bersier Louis‐Félix , Gray Sarah M. , Thallinger Gerhard G.
Published: May 2024

Peatlands, one of the oldest ecosystems, globally store significant amounts of carbon and freshwater. However, they are under severe threat from human activities, leading to changes in water, nutrient and temperature regimes in these delicate systems. Such shifts can trigger a substantial carbon flux into the atmosphere and diminish the water‐holding capacity of peatlands. Microbes associated with moss in peatlands play a crucial role in providing these ecosystem services, which are at risk due to global change. Therefore, understanding the factors influencing microbial composition and function is vital. Our study focused on five peatlands along an altitudinal gradient in Switzerland, where we sampled moss on hummocks containing Sarracenia purpurea. Structural equation modelling revealed that habitat condition was the primary predictor of community structure and directly influenced other environmental variables. Interestingly, the microbial composition was not linked to the local moss species identity. Instead, microbial communities varied significantly between sites due to differences in acidity levels and nitrogen availability. This finding was also mirrored in a co‐occurrence network analysis, which displayed a distinct distribution of indicator species for acidity and nitrogen availability. Therefore, peatland conservation should take into account the critical habitat characteristics of moss‐associated microbial communities.
Alien range size, habitat breadth, origin location, and domestication of alien species matter to their impact risks
Authors: WANG Siqi , LI Wenhao , ZHANG Jiaqi , LUO Zexu , LI Yiming
Published: May 2024

Invasive alien species are a major driver of biodiversity loss. Currently, the process of biological invasions is experiencing a constant acceleration, foreshadowing a future increase in the threat posed by invasive alien species to global biodiversity. Therefore, it is necessary to assess the impact risks of invasive alien species and related factors. Here, we constructed a dataset of negative environmental impact events to evaluate the impact risks of alien species. We collected information on 1071 established alien terrestrial vertebrates and then gathered negative environmental impacts for 108 of those species. Generalized linear mixed‐effects model and phylogenetic generalized least‐squares regression model were used to examine the characteristic (including life‐history traits, characteristics related to distribution, and introduction event characteristics) correlates of species’ impact risks at the global scale for 108 established alien terrestrial vertebrates (mammals, birds, reptiles and amphibians). Our results showed that a total of 3158 negative environmental impacts were reported for 108 harmful species across 71 countries worldwide. Factors associated with impact risks varied slightly among taxa, but alien range size, habitat breadth, origin location, and domestication were significantly correlated with impact risks. Our study aims to identify the characteristics of alien species with high‐impact risks to facilitate urgent assessment of alien species and to protect the local ecological environment and biodiversity.
LEMD2‐associated progeroid syndrome: Expanding the phenotype of the nuclear envelopathy caused by a defect in LEMD2 gene
Authors: Matter Alyssia , Kaufman Christina , Zürcher Nadia , Lenggenhager Daniela , Grehten Patrice , Bartholdi Deborah , Horka Laura , Häberle Johannes , Makris Georgios
Published: May 2024

Nuclear envelopathies are rare genetic diseases that compromise the integrity of the nuclear envelope. Patients with a defect in LEM domain nuclear envelope protein 2 (LEMD2) leading to LEMD2‐associated progeroid syndrome are exceedingly scarce in number, yet they exhibit shared clinical features including skeletal abnormalities and a prematurely‐aged appearance. Our study broadens the understanding of LEMD2‐associated progeroid syndrome by detailing its phenotypic and molecular characteristics in the first female and fourth reported case, highlighting a distinct impact on metabolic functions. The patient's history revealed growth delay, facial and skeletal abnormalities, and recurrent abdominal pain crises caused by hepatomegaly. Comparisons with the previously documented cases emphasized similarities in skeletal and facial features while showcasing unique variations, notably in cardiac and hepatic manifestations. In vitro experiments conducted on patient‐derived peripheral blood and urinary epithelial cells and LEMD2‐downregulated HepG2 cells confirmed abnormalities in the structure of the nuclear envelope in all three tissue‐types. Overall, our work offers a comprehensive profile of a patient with LEMD2‐related syndrome, emphasizing the hepatic involvement in the disease and broadening our understanding of clinical and molecular implications. This study not only contributes specific insights into LEMD2‐related conditions but also underscores potential therapeutic paths for disorders affecting nuclear envelope dynamics.
Obsidian in the Caribbean islands? Mysterious Ceramic Age glass artefacts in the Lesser Antilles
Authors: Leck Arthur , Bellot‐Gurlet Ludovic , Carazzo Guillaume , Gratuze Bernard , Langlade Jessica , Le Bourdonnec François‐Xavier , Leandri Céline , Shearn Isaac , Stouvenot Christian , Queffelec Alain
Published: May 2024

The Caribbean islands witnessed a population expansion of ceramic‐using horticulturalists during the Early Ceramic Age (ca. 500 BC to 750 AD) from the Orinoco Valley to Puerto Rico. We examined 18 lithic artefacts from Guadeloupe and Dominica initially thought to be obsidian, a material believed to be absent from those islands. We investigated the volcanic or meteoritic origin of this unique and yet unknown material through observation (binocular, SEM, microtomography) and geochemical analyses (PIXE, SEM‐EDS, ED‐XRF, EPMA, LA‐ICP‐MS). Elemental analyses rule out the hypothesis of an origin from a meteoritic impact (i.e. identification as tektites). Most of the artefacts have an andesitic composition (<63% SiO2), which appears to be unique among ‘massive’ glasses. The only artefact with a rhyolitic composition has been traced back to the Guadeloupe's Volcan du Tuf, where glassy fragments have been collected and analysed. The geological source of the other vitreous artefacts that exhibit an andesitic composition could be from a sublocal subduction‐arc volcanism (maybe from Martinique), although no volcanic vitreous material of this kind has ever been reported worldwide. These results once again highlight the regional mobility of Early Ceramic populations and the production of standard lithic products using a highly original, albeit low‐quality, local lithic resource, and provide valuable references for future identification of similar materials.
A Bayesian alternative for aoristic analyses in archaeology
Authors: Crema Enrico R.
Published: May 2024

Aoristic analysis is often used to handle chronological uncertainties of datasets where scientific dates (e.g., 14C and OSL) are unavailable, and observations are described by association to archaeological periods or phases. Although several advances have been made over the last 2 decades, the basic principle of this approach remains fundamentally the same. Temporal windows of analyses are first divided into regularly sized time blocks, and probability weight is assigned to each of these for every observation. Weights are then aggregated by time block, and the resulting vector of summed probabilities is interpreted as a curve representing changes in the intensity over time of a particular phenomenon. This paper reviews the basic principles and assumptions of aoristic analyses in archaeology, highlighting several issues with its application and interpretation, advocating for a Bayesian alternative implemented via baorista, a new package written in R statistical computing language. The robustness of the proposed solution is evaluated through a series of experiments based on simulated datasets, which showcase key advantages over aoristic analysis. Two specific solutions are considered: a parametric approach where data are fitted to specific growth models and a nonparametric approach that allows for the visualisation of the changing frequencies of events, accounting for sampling error and the peculiarities of archaeological periodisation.
The Mediating Role of Moral Disengagement in the Association Between Maltreatment and Bullying Perpetration: Testing the Differences of Gender and Household Registration
Authors: Fan Xiaoyan
Published: May 2024

Although previous studies have indicated that adverse childhood experiences profoundly impact children's psychological and behavioural development, comprehensive investigations into the direct and indirect mechanisms through which maltreatment affects bullying perpetration among Chinese children are lacking. This study aims to explore the effect of maltreatment on children's bullying perpetration and the potential mediating role of moral disengagement. Moreover, the gender and household registration differences in the associations are also investigated. Employing a multistage cluster sampling method, 1318 questionnaires were collected (612 males, 706 females, mean age = 15). Structural equation modelling was used to analyse the hypothesized theoretical model. The findings reveal that the experiences of maltreatment in early childhood directly influence children's bullying perpetration, with moral disengagement potentially mediating this association. Furthermore, substantial gender disparities exist in the effect of maltreatment on bullying perpetration, and notable variations based on household registration are observed in the association of maltreatment on children's moral disengagement. These findings enhance our understanding of how childhood maltreatment affects children's bullying perpetration and offer valuable insights for the development of social policy and intervention programmes targeting child maltreatment and school bullying.
The Sultan Mehmed the Conqueror Museum: The museumization of a cultural asset for an Ottoman conqueror
Authors: Diker Hasan Fırat
Published: May 2024

Conversion to a museum is a common destiny of many cultural assets that cannot continue to serve their original functions. They are usually re‐functioned to provide public benefits in return for the expenditures made for their preservation. However, their architectural features may not always meet the expected results when functioning as a museum. The spatial limitations arising in such conversions are the main design gaps in the museumization projects. This article aims to address these gaps using a sample project of a museum on Sultan Mehmed the Conqueror converted from a medieval education structure.
Inclisiran in individuals with diabetes or obesity: Post hoc pooled analyses of the ORION‐9, ORION‐10 and ORION‐11 Phase 3 randomized trials
Authors: Leiter Lawrence A. , Raal Frederick J. , Schwartz Gregory G. , Koenig Wolfgang , Ray Kausik K. , Landmesser Ulf , Han Jackie , Conde Lorena Garcia , Wright R. Scott
Published: May 2024

Aims

To conduct a pooled analysis of Phase 3 trials investigating the efficacy and safety of inclisiran across glycaemic and body mass index (BMI) strata.

Materials and Methods

Participants were randomized 1:1 to receive 300 mg inclisiran sodium or placebo twice yearly, after initial and 3‐month doses up to 18 months, with background oral lipid‐lowering therapy. Analyses were stratified by glycaemic status (normoglycaemia, prediabetes, and diabetes) or BMI (<25, ≥25 to <30, ≥30 to <35, and ≥35 kg/m2). Co‐primary endpoints were percentage and time‐adjusted percentage change in low‐density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol from baseline. Safety was also assessed.

Results

Baseline characteristics were balanced between treatment arms and across strata. Percent LDL cholesterol change (placebo‐corrected) with inclisiran from baseline to Day 510 ranged from −47.6% to −51.9% and from −48.8% to −54.4% across glycaemic/BMI strata, respectively. Similarly, time‐adjusted percentage changes after Day 90 and up to Day 540 ranged from −46.8% to −52.0% and from −48.6% to −53.3% across glycaemic/BMI strata, respectively. Inclisiran led to significant reductions in proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 and other atherogenic lipids and lipoproteins versus placebo across the glycaemic/BMI strata. The proportions of individuals achieving LDL cholesterol thresholds of <1.8 mmol/L and <1.4 mmol/L with inclisiran increased with increasing glycaemic and BMI strata. Across the glycaemic/BMI strata, a higher proportion of individuals had mild/moderate treatment‐emergent adverse events (TEAEs) at the injection site with inclisiran (2.8%–7.7%) versus placebo (0.2%–2.1%).

Conclusion

Inclisiran provided substantial and sustained LDL cholesterol lowering across glycaemic/BMI strata, with a modest excess of transient mild‐to‐moderate TEAEs at the injection site.
Does community resilience affect household asset portfolio choices?
Authors: Zheng Yi
Published: May 2024

This paper identifies a positive (negative) relationship between community resilience and household stock market participation (deposit flows). These relationships are less pronounced for higher‐income and married households, indicating an income channel and a marriage channel, respectively. Furthermore, compared to white and Asian households, black households are more sensitive to the effects of community resilience on household investments and deposit flows. Overall, our findings suggest that improvements in people's preparedness for, resilience against, and recovery from potential hazardous events and natural disasters shift households' asset portfolio choices from safe savings to risky stock investments.
Efficacy and safety of dolutegravir/lamivudine in virologically suppressed female participants: week 48 data from the pooled TANGO and SALSA studies
Authors: Katlama C. , Bisshop F. , Bogner J. , Pérez Elías M. J. , Di Giambenedetto S. , Clarke E. , Hodder S. , Nwokolo N. , Ait‐Khaled M. , Oyee J. , Grove R. , Wynne B. , Okoli C. , Jones B. , Kisare M.
Published: May 2024

Objectives

Women represent >50% of people with HIV globally but have historically been underrepresented in clinical trials. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of switching to dolutegravir/lamivudine (DTG/3TC) vs continuing their current antiretroviral regimen (CAR) by sex assigned at birth (female and male) in virologically suppressed adults with HIV‐1 without prior virological failure in a pooled analysis of two randomized controlled trials.

Methods

This analysis included 48‐week data from the phase 3 TANGO and SALSA studies. Primary and key secondary endpoints included proportions of participants with HIV‐1 RNA ≥50 and <50 copies/mL at week 48, respectively. Safety was also assessed.

Results

Of 1234 participants, 250 (DTG/3TC, n = 133; CAR, n = 117) were female at birth. Week 48 proportions of participants with Snapshot HIV‐1 RNA ≥50 copies/mL were similar regardless of sex at birth (DTG/3TC vs CAR: female, <1% [1/133] vs 2% [2/117]; male, <1% [1/482] vs <1% [3/502]). Proportions with HIV‐1 RNA <50 copies/mL were high across sexes and treatment groups (DTG/3TC vs CAR: female, 91% [121/133] vs 89% [104/117]; male, 94% [455/482] vs 94% [471/502]). Immunological response with DTG/3TC was slightly higher in female participants. Incidences of adverse events leading to withdrawal and serious adverse events were low and comparable between treatment groups and across sexes. Weight gain was higher with DTG/3TC than with CAR among female participants aged ≥50 years (treatment difference 2.08 kg [95% confidence interval 0.40–3.75]).

Conclusions

Results confirm the robustness of DTG/3TC as a switch option in virologically suppressed females with HIV‐1, with outcomes similar to those in males.
Anatomical outcomes and complications of sacrocolpopexy using Surelift Uplift mesh: A multicentric observational study
Authors: Calleja Hermosa Paola , Sánchez Guerrero Clara , Viegas Vanessa , Rebassa LLul Miguel , Jiménez Cidre Miguel , Morán Pascual Eduardo , Errando Smet Carlos , Arlandis Guzmán Salvador , Martínez Cuenca Esther , Gómez de Vicente José Miguel , Ruiz Hernández Mercedes , Casado Varela Javier , Mora Gurrea Jorge , Pérez Polo María , López‐Fando Lavalle Luis
Published: May 2024

Objective

The study evaluated the anatomical and functional outcomes, as well as the safety data of laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy (LSC) for pelvic organ prolapse (POP) using a lightweight macroporous mesh.

Methods

A multicentric observational study was developed including five expert centers between March 2011 and December 2019. Inclusion criteria were female patients with symptomatic ≥stage II POP (POP‐Q classification), who underwent a LSC. A lightweight and macroporous mesh device (Surelift Uplift) was used. Baseline anatomical positions were evaluated using POP‐Q stage. The anatomical outcomes and procedural complications were assessed during the postoperative period. Primary outcomes were anatomical success, defined as POP‐Q stage ≤I, and subjective success, defined as no bothersome bulge symptoms, and no repeat surgery or pessary use for recurrent prolapse.

Results

A total of 325 LSCs were analyzed with a median patient age of 66 (interquartile range [IQR] 61–73). After a median follow‐up of 68 months (IQR 46.5–89), anatomical success was found in 88.9%, whereas subjective success was seen in 98.5% of the patients. Recurrent prolapse presented as cystocele (1.5%). Reported complications were bladder (4.6%) or rectum lesions (0.6%), de novo urinary incontinence (12.9%), and mesh extrusion (1.2%).

Conclusions

LSC provides significant clinical improvement and excellent anatomical results, with a low risk of serious complications for women with ≥2 grade POP in a real clinical practice setting.
Longest recorded migration of a silky shark (Carcharhinus falciformis) reveals extensive use of international waters of the Tropical Eastern Pacific
Authors: Salinas‐de‐León Pelayo , Vaudo Jeremy , Logan Ryan , Suarez‐Moncada Jenifer , Shivji Mahmood
Published: May 2024

Despite being a heavily fished species, little is known about the movements of silky sharks (Carcharhinus falciformis). In this study, we report the longest (in duration and distance traveled) and most spatially extensive recorded migration for a silky shark. This shark, tagged with a fin‐mount satellite transmitter at the Galapagos Islands, traveled >27,666 km over 546 days, making two westerly migrations into international waters as far as 4755 km from the tagging location. These extensive movements in an area with high international fishing effort highlights the importance of understanding silky shark migrations to inform management practices.
A multisource data‐driven monitoring model for assessing concrete dam behavior
Authors: Yao Kefu , Wen Zhiping , Shao Chenfei , Yang Jiaquan , Su Huaizhi
Published: May 2024

The pivotal role of dam infrastructure necessitates continuous health monitoring, which results in extensive sets of data. Most monitoring data‐based models in dam engineering concentrate on predicting dam behavior. However, little attention has been systematically paid to the processing of extensive monitoring data, modeling of comprehensive dam behavior, and assessment of overall dam operation status. Here, we propose a novel monitoring model comprising three main aspects: a multidimensional data mining method, a multipoint response prediction method, and a multilayer data fusion‐based assessment method. Utilizing monitoring data from a mega concrete arch dam, we evaluate and discuss the effects of data mining, modeling accuracy for dam behavior, robustness against data pollution, and sensitivity to anomalies. Comparisons with classical benchmarks demonstrate the performance of the proposed model for the dam.
There is more to belief than Van Leeuwen believes
Authors: Levy Neil
Published: May 2024

Neil Van Leeuwen argues that many religious people do not act and infer as we would expect believers to act and infer, and on this basis argues that they are not genuine believers. They take some other, nondoxastic, attitude to the claims they profess to believe. In this short commentary, I argue that in many (but far from all) such cases, the content, and not the attitude, explains the departures from the inferential and behavioral stereotype we associate with belief.
Reasonable compartmentalization?
Authors: De Cruz Helen
Published: May 2024

This is a commentary on Neil Van Leeuwen's Religion as make‐believe focusing on the normative aspects of this book. According to Van Leeuwen, religious credences are not factual beliefs, and they are held to different standards of rationality than factual beliefs. Hence, religious believers are able to track and represent those states of affairs that govern their practical lives while also holding views that deviate significantly from it, such as divine omnipotence. Here, I examine whether this reasonable compartmentalization in religious believers holds.
Severe respiratory failure secondary to unilateral phrenic nerve injury: A case report
Authors: Kawai Honami , Nishida Yoichiro , Ishiguro Taro , Akaza Miho , Miyazaki Shinsuke , Yokota Takanori
Published: May 2024

Patients with unilateral phrenic nerve paralysis are usually asymptomatic at rest. We present a 77‐year‐old woman with a chest wall osteoarthropathy associated with synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, and osteitis (SAPHO) syndrome that developed severe hypercapnic respiratory failure following cryoballoon ablation for the management of atrial fibrillation. Her right phrenic nerve injury (PNI) was confirmed by chest radiography, phrenic nerve conduction studies, and diaphragmatic ultrasonography. We conclude that unilateral PNI during ablation invalidated the diaphragmatic compensation for pre‐existing reduced thoracic expansion, resulted in severe hypoventilation. Clinicians should be careful of the fact even unilateral PNI could cause catastrophic respiratory failure in patients with restricted thoracic expansion.
NOD2 contributes to Parvimonas micra‐induced bone resorption in diabetic rats with experimental periodontitis
Authors: Chen Ying‐Yi , Tan Li , Su Xiao‐Lin , Chen Ning‐Xin , Liu Qiong , Feng Yun‐Zhi , Guo Yue
Published: May 2024

Background

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) may affect the oral microbial community, exacerbating periodontal inflammation; however, its pathogenic mechanisms remain unclear. As nucleotide‐binding oligomerization domain 2 (NOD2) plays a crucial role in the activation during periodontitis (PD), it is hypothesized that changes in the oral microbial community due to diabetes enhance periodontal inflammation through the activation of NOD2.

Methods

We collected subgingival plaque from 180 subjects who were categorized into two groups based on the presence or absence of T2DM. The composition of oral microbiota was detected by 16S rRNA high‐throughput sequencing. In animal models of PD with or without T2DM, we assessed alveolar bone resorption by micro‐computerized tomography and used immunohistochemistry to detect NOD2 expression in alveolar bone. Primary osteoblasts were cultured in osteogenic induction medium with high or normal glucose and treated with inactivated bacteria. After 24 h of inactivated bacteria intervention, the osteogenic differentiation ability was detected by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining, and the expressions of NOD2 and interleukin‐12 (IL‐6) were detected by western blot.

Results

The relative abundance of Parvimonas and Filifactor in the T2DM group was increased compared to the group without T2DM. In animal models, alveolar bone mass was decreased in PD, particularly in T2DM with PD (DMPD) group, compared to controls. Immunohistochemistry revealed NOD2 in osteoblasts from the alveolar bone in both the PD group and DMPD group, especially in the DMPD group. In vitro, intervention with inactivated Parvimonas significantly reduced ALP secretion of primary osteoblasts in high glucose medium, accompanied by increased expression of NOD2 and IL‐6.

Conclusions

The results suggest that T2DM leading to PD may be associated with the activation of NOD2 by Parvimonas.
Christian Anthropology Beyond Spirituality: On Nikolaos Loudovikos' Analogical Identities and its ‘Greek‐Western’ SynthesisAnalogical Identities: The Creation of the Christian Self – Beyond Spirituality and Mysticism in the Patristic Era, NikolaosLoudovikos, Brepols, 2020 (ISBN 978‐2‐503‐57815‐6), xv + 386 pp., pb £79.35
Authors: Mitralexis Sotiris
Published: May 2024

This review article examines and summarizes the key ideas and contributions of Nikolaos Loudovikos' book Analogical Identities: The Creation of the Christian Self – Beyond Spirituality and Mysticism in the Patristic Era. The book offers a reimagining of Christian anthropology and the understanding of the self by critiquing what the author sees as lingering Neoplatonic influences and dualistic notions of ‘spirituality’ or ‘mysticism’. Loudovikos traces the development of problematic conceptions of the will, introspection and power in influential thinkers like Augustine, Origen and Descartes. He then provides an alternative trajectory drawing on Greek patristic authors like Maximus the Confessor, Symeon the New Theologian and Gregory Palamas. Loudovikos argues that their thinking provides resources for overcoming problematic past legacies by articulating a view of the self, grounded not in an immaterial soul, but in dialogical, embodied fulfilment through grace and participation in Christ. Central is Maximus' theology of the will, which reframes it not as something to be transcended but as expressing the universal human desire for God. Loudovikos synthesizes these currents in proposing the concept of ‘analogical identity’ to describe the transformed Christian self. The book represents a ground‐breaking contribution that creatively retrieves the diverse patristic tradition(s) to overcome lingering problems in theological anthropology and provides a holistic model of human personhood.
Regular singular differential equations and free proalgebraic groups
Authors: Wibmer Michael
Published: May 2024

We determine the differential Galois group of the family of all regular singular differential equations on the Riemann sphere. It is the free proalgebraic group on a set of cardinality .