bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IMPLIKASI DAN IMPLEMENTASI PENCEGAHAN PERKAWINAN ANAK
Authors: Sugiarti Titing , Tridewiyanti Kunthi
Published: March 2022

Perkawinan Anak di Indonesia sudah menjadi gejala sosial, apalagi ketika di masa Pandemi Covid -19 telah memberikan dampak serius terhadap laju penambahan angka perkawinan anak. Beberapa penemuan di lapangan, kasus perkawinan anak meningkat tajam di masa Pandemi Covid -19. Atas dasar itu peneliti akan mempertanyakan Bagaimana implikasi dan implementasi berlakunya Undang-Undang Nomor 16 Tahun 2019 terkait pencegahan perkawinan anak. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif, dengan mengumpulkan data sekunder, berupa bahan hukum primer, sekunder dan tersier. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Implikasi dalam upaya pemetaan dan harmonisasi kebijakan terus dilakukan oleh Pemerintah untuk mencegah perkawinan anak. Harmonisasi diperlukan agar berbagai regulasi tingkat pusat dan daerah dapat selaras, saling mendukung dan efektif dalam pelaksanaannya di lapangan. Undang-Undang Nomor 16 Tahun 2019 Tentang Perkawinan masih perlu disinkronisasikan dengan Peraturan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 5 Tahun 2019 Tentang Pedoman Mengadili Permohonan Dispensasi Perkawinan. Upaya ini dilakukan untuk konsistensi dan ketegasan para hakim dalam memutuskan perkara dispensasi sesuai dengan semangat mencegah atau menolak perkawinan anak. Walaupun Pemerintah berupaya untuk mencegah terjadinya Perkawinan anak dengan menerbitkan Undang-Undang Nomor 16 Tahun 2019, ada aturan dispensasi dan diikuti dengan dikeluarkannya Peraturan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 5 Tahun 2019, namun dalam implementasi nya masih ditemui beberapa kasus perkawinan anak apalagi di masa pandemi Covid  -19 data yang diperoleh meningkat dengan beberapa faktor penyebabnya yaitu faktor sosial, agama, ekonomi, budaya, penerapan kegiatan belajar mengajar secara daring yang tidak efektif, dan akses terhadap konten negatif media sosial dan internet telah meningkatkan perilaku online yang berisiko, seperti kekerasan siber, predator dan sebagainya.
Lipid bilayer platforms for parallel ion channel recordings
Authors: de Planque Maurits R. R.
Published: March 2022

The ion flow through channel proteins embedded in a lipid bilayer membrane can be recorded as an electrical current, enabling biophysical characterization and pharmacological drug screening at a single-channel level. These measurements are challenging because the self-assembled bilayers are fragile and the currents are in the pA–nA range. This concise review introduces the bilayer recording methodology, with an emphasis on the requirements for full electrophysiology assays. The self-assembled lipid bilayer, formed in a ∼100 μm diameter aperture in between two aqueous chambers, is critical. Various approaches to increase the measurement throughput by scaling to aperture arrays are discussed in terms of current-amplifier technology, bilayer stability, ion channel incorporation, system functionality and obtained single-channel data. The various bilayer recording platforms all have advantages and limitations. Combining the strengths of the different platform architectures, for example, the use of shaped apertures, will be essential to realize and also automate parallel ion channel recordings.
Suppression of decay time in transient drain current of back-gated GaN HEMT under UV exposure
Authors: Miyata Atsuki , Hoshii T. , Wakabayashi H. , Tsutsui K. , Kakushima K.
Published: March 2022

Photodetectors based on an AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistor on Si have a long decay time after removal of light irradiation because of the large number of defects. This behavior is unsuitable for applications that require fast response. In several papers, though decay time was suppressed by thermal heating, it has problems such as fabrication complexity and power consumption. In this paper, we propose a substrate voltage (V
sub) application method for suppressing decay time, which modulates the V
sub immediately after the removal of UV irradiation, which promotes injecting electrons from two-dimensional electron gas to the carbon-doped GaN (C-GaN) layer. The decay time was suppressed from 75 to 2 s. Moreover, the effectiveness of reset voltage application is confirmed by a demonstration that changes the UV intensity continuously.
ASSESSMENT OF VILLAGE HEALTH SANITATION AND NUTRITION COMMITTEE IN UTTAR PRADESH
Authors: Pandey Ajay , Sharma Richa
Published: March 2022

The study examines the functionality of the Village Health Sanitation and Nutrition Committee (VHSNC) in the district Barabanki of Uttar
Pradesh. The role of Panchayati Raj Institution's (PRI) and utilization of untied funds by the VHSNC is also assessed. The survey collected
information from 20 VHSNC of Haidargarh block that were spread across six health sub-centre's. 100 VHSNC members were interviewed
including 16 Accredited Social Health Activist (ASHA) who function as Member secretary of the VHSNC and 18 Gram Pradhan's who function as
president of the Committee. Response of the community on the awareness and functioning of the VHSNC was also collected by randomly
interviewing 200 households from the selected 20 VHSNC. Findings suggest that almost half of the community is unaware of VHSNC in their
village. However, those who know about the presence of VHSNC in their village are appreciative of the kind of work that VHSNC does.
ROLE OF ASPIRATION CYTOLOGY AND BIOPSY IN THE RAPID DIAGNOSIS OF NASOPHARYNGEAL CARCINOMA – A COMPARATIVE STUDY FROM A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE .
Authors: Gatphoh Soram Gayatri , Venkatesh Badrinath , Devi Kh Ambala
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma accounts for a fair number of malignancies in the head and neck region. Cancerous growth in
this location maybe very small and inconspicuous. Frequent clinical examination and repeated biopsy needs to be taken to come to an early
diagnosis. FNAC can be utilized as a reliable and quick tool to aid in the early diagnosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma before the patient is
subjected to biopsy. FNAC if followed by biopsy rules out any false negative cases by FNAC and further reduces the chances of missing out on a
diagnosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
OBJECTIVES :To compare the role of FNAC and biopsy in the rapid diagnosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: All suspected case of nasopharyngeal carcinoma underwent FNAC followed by biopsy . FNAC smears
were stained with Giemsa stain and biopsy sections were stained in hematoxyline and eosin (H&E) .Special stains were used whenever
indicated.
RESULTS: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma affected males more than the females and most of the cases were in their 4th - 5th decade . There was a
clear preponderance of nasopharyngeal carcinoma amongst the tribal community accounting for 69% of the cases. Metastatic lymph nodes in
varied locations were found to be present in 60% of the cases studied. Success rate of FNAC in the rst half of the cases was 26.6% which increased
to 60% in the second half of the cases. Biopsy revealed a success rate of 80 % and 66.6 % in the rst and second half of the cases respectively. Out of
the 22 histopathologically conrmed cases of nasopharyngeal carcinoma, FNAC could correctly diagnose 63.3 % of the cases and there were no
false positive cases. The overall diagnostic accuracy of FNAC was 68 % with a sensitivity of 46.7%, specicity of 100 % while predictive positive
value was 100 % and predictive negative value was 55.5 % .
CONCLUSION: FNAC is a safe, reliable , cost effective technique for the early diagnosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma . Other diagnostic
modalitieslike endoscopic FNAC or CT guided FNAC may also be incorporated to improve the detection rate in early and deep-seated cases of
nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
A BREVILOQUENT REVIEW ARTICLE ON “IDIOT SYNDROME”
Authors: M S Balaji , R Ramya , C D Keshavamurthy , H C Chandrashekar , Maiti Dipankar
Published: March 2022

Internet uses for medical information has both its pros & cons effects. The positive effect of using internet in the eld of medical information is that,
it can lead to an intelligent discussion with the doctor, and can lead to early diagnosis and prevention of a harmful condition. Self-diagnosis and selftreatment by using Dr. Google may assist for some time, but occasionally it may go wrong and may affect the patient’s health seriously and blindly
trusting end up with invite trouble. When a person blindly trusts the information provided on the internet, and stops treatment, it is called
cyberchondria, or IDIOT. Adjusting with cyberchondria requires some self-compassion and a willingness to respond in a new way to health
anxiety. Professional help is accessible for those with persistent or recurrent symptoms or excessive anxiety
AN OVERVIEW OF PERSON-CENTERED DIABETES EDUCATION DELIVERY AMONG PATIENTS AND PARAMEDICS OF SILIGURI
Authors: Pal Sirshendu , Dutta Pal Rupsha
Published: March 2022

People with diabetes depend largely on themselves to implement their disease therapy. Therefore, self-treatment behavior is a critical component of
diabetes management. Diabetes education improves their lifestyle, dietary choices, and exercise routine which dictates the disease prognosis.
However, the disease management must be individualized for optimal outcomes. In this article, we describe the means of facilitating tailored
treatment by delivering diabetes education at the local level in a tier 2 city in West Bengal, Siliguri. We elucidate how we currently manage a varied
patient group. We also make an effort to educate the paramedics who are the very rst healthcare professionals to interact with the patients. From
my clinical experience, I believe that we evolve as Physicians every day, meeting the patient's needs and individualizing treatment with our
technical expertise and empathy.
A New Class of Learning Automata: The Probabilistically-Switch-Action-on-Failure Automaton Part 1 – Analytical Models
Authors: Aggarwal Prateek , Liu Chenhui , Levitin Lev
Published: March 2022

We present the novel concept of Probabilistically-Switch-Action-on-Failure learning automaton (PSAFA). The PSAFA is a fixed structure stochastic automaton (FSSA), characterized by a fan-shaped state transition diagram where each branch of the state space is a chain of D states, and is associated with a particular action. The first states of all chains form a circle of initial states. The PSAFA can switch from a present state in any chain to the initial state of the next chain in the circle, on each failure, with some finite probability. This probability, which plays the role of an action- switching probability, is a function of the distance of the present state from initial state of its branch. The learning behavior of PSAFA is determined by the dependence of the action switching probability on the distance from the initial state.

The probabilistic action-switching capability distinguishes PSAFA from conventional FSSA that have deterministic action selection at each state, and only some states transit to states with a different Probabilistically-switch-action-on-failure Automaton action. This action-switching capability at any time is also typical for conventional variable structure stochastic automata (VSSA) but it comes with added computational complexity. VSSA are more adaptive than FSSA in non-stationary environments because of this action-switching capability. We believe that the addition of this capability should also make the PSAFA more adaptive in non-stationary environments than classical FSSA while preserving the simplified computational complexity of FSSA.

The effectiveness of the proposed framework is demonstrated through the theoretical analysis of optimality of the PSAF learning automaton in stationary environments in part 1 of this 2-part paper.
Calculating fractal sets in n ≥ 1 embedding dimensions without the use of truncation
Authors: Halayka Shawn
Published: March 2022

The theme of this research is an examination of the traditional multiplication operator, in the case of fractal sets in $n \geq 1$ embedding dimensions. After this examination, an alternative, new multiplication operator is introduced. The traditional multiplication operator has a time complexity of $O(n^2)$, whereas the new multiplication operator has a time complexity of $O(n)$. Taking amortized costs into account, it is found that the new multiplication operator is more time-efficient where $n \geq 32$, using an optimizing C++ compiler. There is no problem, other than concerns about time complexity, with the traditional multiplication operator. It was hypothesized that there would be differences between the two multiplication operators. These differences, and some similarities, between the two multiplication operators are visualized in terms of fractal sets, via OpenGL. The C++ and Python code is available upon request.
Stable Deflection in Ferroelectric Negative-Capacitance Hybrid MEMS Actuator with Cubic Non-Linear Spring
Authors: Tattamangalam Raman Raghuram , Padmanabhan Revathy , Ajoy Arvind
Published: March 2022

Electrostatic MEMS actuators suffer from an instability called pull-in, wherein the movable electrode snaps onto the fixed electrode beyond a certain applied voltage. Thus, the entire allowed range is not utilized for stable operation. We propose pull-in free, low-voltage operation by using a cubic non-linear spring with a ferroelectric negative-capacitance hybrid MEMS actuator. We use a physics-based framework based on the energy landscape to illustrate the stability improvement. This framework uses energy-displacement and voltage-displacement plots for analysis. We predict that the actuator can operate in three distinct modes: (a) monostable, (b) bistable and (c) always-stable, based on the value of the cubic spring constant. We also estimate the threshold values of the cubic spring constant that demarcate the three modes of operation. By proper design of the cubic spring constant, we predict pull-in free, low-voltage operation of the hybrid actuator, as compared to the standalone MEMS actuator. The results obtained are in agreement with the numerical simulations. This work will aid in the design of electrostatic MEMS actuators for low-voltage applications without pull-in instability.
Environmental Health Regulation in the Trump Era: How President Trump’s Two-for-One Regulatory Plan Impacts Environmental Regulation
Authors: Geltman Elizabeth
Published: March 2022

This Article explores the Trump regulatory reform agenda and its potential impact on environmental determinants of health. The Article begins with a discussion of the Department of Commerce’s (DOC or Commerce) initial fact-finding investigation to evaluate the impact of federal regulations on domestic manufacturing. The Article next presents an overview of the Trump administration’s regulatory reform formula as announced in E.O. 13771 and the interim guidance explaining E.O. 13771 and E.O. 13777 (the executive order announcing the Trump administration’s plans to enforce the regulatory reform plan announced in E.O. 13771). The Article then examines the federal agency initiatives undertaken in response to the Trump directives, including both fact-finding dockets and regulatory action published in the federal register applying the executive orders. This Article concludes with concerns about the practical effects of the new policy on the future of environmental determinants of health and recommends that the policy be reevaluated after a year to understand the unintended effects of this means of deregulation.
Raisonnement clinique et simulation : faciliter la priorisation d’hypothèses grâce aux patients simulés. Données d’une recherche quantitative
Authors: Burnier Isabelle , Ratté Juliane , De Roock Sophie , Benoit Stéphanie , Denis-LeBlanc Manon
Published: March 2022

Contexte : La priorisation d’hypothèses diagnostiques peut s'avérer difficile chez les étudiants en médecine novices vu leur exposition clinique limitée. Les cliniques simulées de raisonnement clinique (RC) permettent aux étudiants de pratiquer des anamnèses ciblées avec un patient simulé (PS). La manière dont les PS délivrent les données cliniques peut influencer la génération d’hypothèses.
Objectif : Cette étude pilote cherche à vérifier si la transmission des éléments clés par le jeu d’acteur des PS influence la priorisation du RC chez les étudiants en médecine.
Méthode : Les hypothèses diagnostiques de deux cohortes d’étudiants de même niveau académique ont été comparées à la suite d’une entrevue virtuelle avec un PS. Les PS du groupe expérimental ont reçu un scénario et un briefing ciblés sur des éléments clés alors que les PS du groupe contrôle ont reçu un scénario et un briefing traditionnels. La différence entre les distributions de fréquences des hypothèses des deux groupes a été déterminées à l’aide du calcul du chi carré.
Résultats : Les étudiants du groupe expérimental ont davantage priorisé les hypothèses validées par les experts que ceux du groupe contrôle. Ces derniers ont démontré une plus grande variabilité dans leurs choix de diagnostics.
Conclusion : Cibler la transmission des éléments clés par les PS pourraient être une façon d’aider les étudiants en médecine novices à prioriser leurs hypothèses diagnostiques. Les cliniques simulées de RC deviennent alors un espace d’apprentissage du RC en l’absence d’exposition clinique. Le risque d’induire une fermeture prématurée du raisonnement clinique doit faire l’objet de recherches ultérieures.
IMPLEMENTASI NILAI-NILAI DEMOKRASI DALAM PEMILIHAN KEPALA DESA DI KABUPATEN BANDUNG BARAT
Authors: Abidin AS Zaenal , Kurnia Dadan
Published: March 2022

Berlakunya Undang-undang No.6 Tahun 2014 Tentang Desa merupakan tonggak penguatan pelaksanaan pemerintahan di tingkat desa, dimana desa sebagai unit pelaksanaan pemerintahan terendah di berikan kekuatan didalam mengurus dan menggali potensi yang di miliki oleh wilayahnya. Desa sebagai wilayah otonom harus dapat mengurus dan melaksanakan pemerintahannya sendiri, mulai dari pemilihan kepala desa sampai kepada pola penggalian potensi wilayah yang di miliki sebagai bagian pelaksanaan kesejahteraan di tingkatan desa. Salah satu upaya untuk membangun kapasitas desa adalah dengan peningkatan kualitas aparatur sumberdaya pemerintahan desanya, yang mana salah satunya kepala desa.

Pemilihan kepala desa menjadikan sebuah momentum bagi masyarakat di tingkat desa untuk dapat memilih dan menghadirkan pemimpin yang dapat merefresentasikan keinginan masyarakatnya, sehingga dapat mempercepat proses peningkatan dan pengembangan wilayah pedesaan.

Hasil penelitian yang dilakukan menunjukan bahwa proses penerapan nilai-nilai demokrasi dalam pelaksanaan pemilihan kepala desa serentak (Pilkades-Serentak) di Kabupaten Bandung Barat dapat dikatakan sudah dapat berjalan dengan baik. Dimana hal ini dapat dilihat dari proses penyelesaian konflik yang di timbulkan dari pelaksanaan pilkades serentak yang dapat diselesaikan secara kekeluargaan. Namun ada hal yang di dapatkan dari hasil observasi peneliti dilapangan, bahwa proses pencalonan kepala desa di beberapa tempat yang mengajukan bakal calon (Balon) dari keluargannya guna memecah suara yang ada dan adanya ego sentrisme (keluarga) yang mana melanjutkan estapet kepemimpinan kepala desa sebelumnya. Secara demokrasi memang tidak masalah, namun dalam proses pendewasaan pemilukades tentu hal ini perlu dikaji dan dihindari demi terwujudnya kualitas pilkades yang baik di kemudian hari.

Kata Kunci : Implementasi, Nilai-nilai Demokrasi dan Pemilihan Kepala Desa.
Infaq Box Program (KOIN) in Improving the Role of Shodaqoh Based on Local Wisdom
Authors: Ayniy Qurrotu , Imam Mukhlis
Published: March 2022

Zakat, infaq, shadaqah and waqaf is an instrument used from the time of the Prophet and is one of the most effective instruments in overcoming economic problems. The government's step in developing the potential of the Islamic economy in Indonesia, which is based on a large Muslim population, is one of the early stages of the development of the Sharia system in Indonesia. The potential of ZISWAF has now been realized and has begun to be carried out both centrally and in the regions. UPZIS Lawang District is one of the non-profit regional institutions engaged in collecting infaq, shadaqah and zakat under LAZISNU Malang Regency. The motto of one day one thousand shadaqah gives its charm to the community. In addition, the collection of funds is carried out using methods that are not as common as other shodaqoh. The method used in this study is qualitative. Qualitative methods are used to see the community's knowledge of the institution and become a reference for assessing the opportunities and challenges in maximizing the potential of ZISWAF in the community. The existence of regional non-profit institutions can indirectly be one of the tools that can assist the government in the welfare of the surrounding community in various targeted fields.
PERAN KEPALA SEKOLAH SEBAGAI SUPERVISOR DALAM MENINGKATKAN MUTU PEMBELAJARAN GURU IPA DI SD NEGERI 3 WOLOWARU
Authors: Haraban Hasan Arsad
Published: March 2022

Masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana peran kepala sekolah sebagai supervisor pada SDN 3 Wolowaru?. Bagaimana proses supervisi dalam  peningkatan mutu pembelajaran guru mata pelajaran IPA pada SDN 3 Wolowaru?. Bagaimana pandangan guru mata pelajaran IPA terhadap proses supervisi pada SDN 3 Wolowaru? Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui  peran kepala sekolah sebagai supervisor pada SDN 3 wolowaru. Mengetahui proses supervisi dalam peningkatan mutu pembelajaran guru mata pelajaran IPA pada SDN 3 Wolowaru. Mengetahui padangan guru mata pelajaran IPA terhadap proses  supervisi pada SDN 3 Wolowaru. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif, yaitu  pendekatan yang mencoba memahami pemaknaan individu dari subjek yang diteliti. Subyek penelitian ini terdiri dari key iforman yaitu kepala sekolah sebagai supervisor dan informan yaitu guru mata pelajaran IPA. Dalam mendapatkan data, penulis menggunakan teknik wawancara, pengamatan, dan observasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 1. peran kepala sebagai supervisor: a.tugas kepala sekolah sebagai supervisor yaitu mengupayakan agar guru-guru lebih serius dan semangat serta bertanggungjawab dalam kegiatan belajar mengajar, b. fungsi kepala sekolah sebagai supervisor yaitu memberikan pengarahan, bimbingan, pelayanan dan pengawasan. 2. Proses supervisi pada SDN 3 Wolowaru: sudah dijalankan dengan baik oleh kepala sekolah sebagai supervisor baik mulai dari program supervisi,  pelaksanaan supervisi,  maupun proses tindak lanjut dari hasil supervisi. 3. Pandangan guru mata pelajaran IPA sangat membantu dalam meningkatkan mutu pembelajaran  serta memberi pengaruh dan perbaikan proses pembelajaran.
Evde Eğitim Veren Öğretmenlerin Uygulama Sürecinde Yaşadıkları ve Pandeminin Evde Eğitim Sürecine Etkisi
Authors: Anıl Arzu
Published: March 2022

Bu araştırmada, evde eğitim hizmetlerinde görev alan öğretmenlerin yüz yüze ve uzaktan eğitimin
uygulama sürecinde yaşadıklarına ve pandeminin evde eğitim sürecine etkisinin neler olduğuna ilişkin
görüşlerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Bu amaçla araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden betimsel
tarama yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın katılımcılarını Konya ili merkez ilçelerindeki okullara kayıtlı
olup sağlık durumu nedeniyle evde eğitim gören öğrencilerin, eğitiminde görevli 18 öğretmen
oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılmıştır.
Görüşmeden elde edilen veriler nitel analiz tekniklerinden betimsel analiz yöntemiyle analiz edilmiştir.
Araştırma sonucunda, öğretmenlerin yüz yüze ve uzaktan eğitim sürecinde işbirliği yaptıkları kişilerin ve
konuların benzer olduğu görülmüştür. Uzaktan eğitimde, velinin derse müdahalesi, öğretmenin
yeterlilik/yetersizliğinin değerlendirilmesi gibi sorunların yüz yüze evde eğitim hizmetinde görülen
sorunlarla benzerlik gösterdiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Pandemi boyunca verilen uzaktan eğitim hizmetinde
öğrencilerin motivasyon, adaptasyon ve dikkat sorunu yaşadığı, sosyal hayatının kısıtlandığı, öğrenmesinin
zorlaştırdığı sonuçlarına ulaşılmıştır.
To be or not to be a protected area: A perverse political threat
Authors: Blackmore Andrew
Published: March 2022

Background: On 15 January 2021, a South African Member of the Executive Committee (MEC) for the Environment amended the Mabola Protected Environment’s (MPE) boundaries to remove legal impediments preventing coal mining in this protected area. This decision came in the wake of the MPE being declared a protected area and a series of court cases ending at the Constitutional Court.Objective: The objectives of this paper were: (1) evaluate the potential consequences of the MEC’s decision for South African protected areas; (2) speculate on the possible impact on South Africa’s reputation in terms of its commitment to safeguarding its protected areas; (3) identify possible weaknesses in the National Environmental Management: Protected Areas Act 57 of 2003 (NEMPAA); and (4) make recommendations to strengthen this Act so that it can reduce the vulnerability of protected areas to arbitrary and prejudicial decision-making.Methods: This study involved an evaluation of NEMPAA and the notice in the Provincial Gazette declaring and giving effect to the MEC’s decision, and of the various High Court judgments leading up to and following the publication of this notice.Conclusion: The decision by the MEC highlights the vulnerability of protected areas and the importance of the conservation of biodiversity, particularly in a context of parochial or partisan objectives and profit-vested interests that are of alimited (at least in the medium- to long-term) public benefit. It is concluded that the discretionary clauses in NEMPAA may need to be amended to limit or refine the discretion politicians may apply.
CALLIOPE: Pseudospectral Shearing Magnetohydrodynamics Code with a Pencil Decomposition
Authors: Kawazura Y.
Published: March 2022

The pseudospectral method is a highly accurate numerical scheme suitable for turbulence simulations. We have developed an open-source pseudospectral code, calliope, which adopts the P3DFFT library to perform a fast Fourier transform with the two-dimensional (pencil) decomposition of numerical grids. calliope can solve incompressible magnetohydrodynamics (MHD), isothermal compressible MHD, and rotational reduced MHD with parallel computation using very large numbers of cores (>105 cores for 20483 grids). The code can also solve for local magnetorotational turbulence in a shearing frame using the remapping method. calliope is currently the only pseudospectral code that can compute magnetorotational turbulence using pencil-domain decomposition. This paper presents the numerical scheme of calliope and the results of linear and nonlinear numerical tests, including compressible local magnetorotational turbulence with the largest grid number reported to date.
A Simulation-based Method for Correcting Mode Coupling in CMB Angular Power Spectra
Authors: Leung J. S.-Y. , Hartley J. , Nagy J. M. , Netterfield C. B. , Shariff J. A. , Ade P. A. R. , Amiri M. , Benton S. J. , Bergman A. S. , Bihary R. , Bock J. J. , Bond J. R. , Bonetti J. A. , Bryan S. A. , Chiang H. C. , Contaldi C. R. , Doré O. , Duivenvoorden A. J. , Eriksen H. K. , Farhang M. , Filippini J. P. , Fraisse A. A. , Freese K. , Galloway M. , Gambrel A. E. , Gandilo N. N. , Ganga K. , Gualtieri R. , Gudmundsson J. E. , Halpern M. , Hasselfield M. , Hilton G. , Holmes W. , Hristov V. V. , Huang Z. , Irwin K. D. , Jones W. C. , Karakci A. , Kuo C. L. , Kermish Z. D. , Li S. , Mak D. S. Y. , Mason P. V. , Megerian K. , Moncelsi L. , Morford T. A. , Nolta M. , O’Brient R. , Osherson B. , Padilla I. L. , Racine B. , Rahlin A. S. , Reintsema C. , Ruhl J. E. , Runyan M. C. , Ruud T. M. , Shaw E. C. , Shiu C. , Soler J. D. , Song X. , Trangsrud A. , Tucker C. , Tucker R. S. , Turner A. D. , van der List J. F. , Weber A. C. , Wehus I. K. , Wen S. , Wiebe D. V. , Young E. Y.
Published: March 2022

Modern cosmic microwave background (CMB) analysis pipelines regularly employ complex time-domain filters, beam models, masking, and other techniques during the production of sky maps and their corresponding angular power spectra. However, these processes can generate couplings between multipoles from the same spectrum and from different spectra, in addition to the typical power attenuation. Within the context of pseudo-C

ℓ
based, MASTER-style analyses, the net effect of the time-domain filtering is commonly approximated by a multiplicative transfer function, F

ℓ
, that can fail to capture mode mixing and is dependent on the spectrum of the signal. To address these shortcomings, we have developed a simulation-based spectral correction approach that constructs a two-dimensional transfer matrix,

J

ℓ
ℓ
′

, which contains information about mode mixing in addition to mode attenuation. We demonstrate the application of this approach on data from the first flight of the Spider balloon-borne CMB experiment.
About the stability to Timoshenko system with pointwise dissipation
Authors: Rivera Jaime E. Muñoz , Naso Maria Grazia
Published: March 2022

In this paper we study the Timoshenko model over the interval \begin{document}$ (0, \ell) $\end{document} with pointwise dissipation at \begin{document}$ \xi\in (0, \ell) $\end{document}. We prove that this dissipation produces exponential stability when \begin{document}$ \xi\in \mathbb{Q}\ell $\end{document} and \begin{document}$ \xi\ne \frac{n}{2m+1}\ell $\end{document}, where \begin{document}$ n, m\in \mathbb{N} $\end{document} and \begin{document}$ n $\end{document}, and \begin{document}$ 2m+1 $\end{document} are co-prime.
A MODIFICAÇÃO DO SABER E SUAS IMPLICAÇÕES PARA A TRANSFERÊNCIA
Authors: Marcos Cristina Moreira , Sampaio Parreiras Laila
Published: March 2022

Este artigo é um recorte da pesquisa de mestrado do Programa de Pós-graduação stricto sensu em Psicologia, pela Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais, financiada pela Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais – Fapemig. Sua proposta é a de investigar as implicações do discurso contemporâneo no estabelecimento da transferência na análise hoje. Dentre suas formulações, Lacan (1964-2008) teoriza o fenômeno transferencial a partir da dimensão epistemológica, quando postula a função do ‘sujeito suposto saber’ como o seu pivô. Todavia, a incidência do discurso do mestre contemporâneo modifica a relação que o sujeito estabelece com o campo do saber. Quais as consequências clínicas dessa nova relação? Quais usos o sujeito faz do analista hoje? Buscaremos verificar a existência de novas formas de transferência, que não se instauram unicamente pela via da suposição de saber. Veremos, assim, que há diferentes usos para o analista, podendo a transferência ser estabelecida pela via do saber, mas também pela sua dimensão pulsional.
ANÁLISE DO EFEITO DE DEFORMAÇÕES POR CISALHAMENTO EM ESTRUTURAS CONSIDERANDO EXCENTRICIDADE NA LIGAÇÃO PLACA-VIGA
Authors: Ferreira dos Santos Wanderson , Hilário Vieira Welington , Batista de Paiva João
Published: March 2022

Na análise do comportamento de diversas estruturas são adotadas hipóteses simplificadoras. Por outro lado, em situações com maior complexidade as simplificações podem não fornecer resultados suficientemente precisos. Nesse contexto, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo investigar o efeito das deformações por cisalhamento no comportamento de estruturas considerando também a excentricidade na ligação placa-viga. O estudo é realizado a partir de simulações numéricas baseadas no Método dos Elementos Finitos (MEF) com o software ANSYS versão 19.2. Cabe destacar que são simuladas diferentes estruturas e modelos mecânicos, incluindo casos excêntricos, para avaliar de forma conjunta o efeito das deformações por força cortante e da excentricidade. As respostas obtidas são comparadas com trabalhos da literatura realizados com hipóteses simplificadas. Os resultados evidenciam diferenças sensíveis de acordo com as características dimensionais e geométricas da estrutura.
Review on Post-pneumonectomy Complications
Authors: Choi Young-Soo
Published: March 2022

No abstract available.
Studies on Resistance of acid Fast Bacilli to Anti-Tuberculous Agents 1) Sensitivity to anti-tuberculous agents of soil acid fast bacilli
Authors: Chung Jae Kyu
Published: March 2022

ln order to detect the sensitivity to antituberculous agents of a typical acid-fast bacilli from soil samples, 19 strains of soil acid-fast bacilli were isolated, and morphological. cultural and biochemical characteristics of these strains were examined. They grow rapidly in the ordinary medium and are more active biochemically as compared to the pathogenic human and bovine tubercle bacilli. These strains were slightly sensitive to streptomycin and highly sensitive to I. N.A.H. However, they were generally not affected by other available chemotherapeutic agents.Three strains out of 19 were rough forms morphologically and these forms were generally sensitive to chemotherapeutic agents and Iess lox ic to micc as compared to the smooth forms.
Resection and Thoracoplasty in Pulmonary Tuberculosis
Authors: Hong Pill Whoon , Lee Kun Young , Lee Nam Jae
Published: March 2022

A total of 217 cases were operated upon for pulmonary tuberculosis, among these, 152 were operated in the 4 year period between 1956 to 1959. There were 134 resection and 83 thoracoplasties, the ratio being 1.6:1. The over-all operative mortality of 217 cases was 1,8%; the operative mortality for resection being 2.2% and for thoracoplasty 1.2%. Major complications arose in 14 or 10.4% of the entire resected cases and, among these, empyema with or without bronchopleural fistula was the most prominent feature(6%). However, all of these responded favorable to intercostal drainage alone or in combination with a small-scale thoracoplasty. 82 patients were followed from 6 months to 4 years after surgery, Among these, 68 reached an inactive stagem 13 remained active and 1 died 9 months and uremia. Follwing factors, among others seem to influence the outcome of operation in a significant way.1. Patients in the age group of 21 to 30 appeared to do poorly(79.0% inactive state) as compared to either younger or older patients.2. The severity of the disease had a definite bearing on the outcome of the operation. In far advanced cases, the patients who reached inactive stage was only 80.8% as compared to 85.7% in moderately advanced and 100% in minimal cases.3. Cases who showed positive sputum preoperatively showed poorer result(82.8% inactive state) than sputum negative cases(90.0% inactive state)4. There was essentially no difference between resection and thoracoplasty as far as the results are concerned. Following resection, 82.6% reached inactive state as compared to 83.4% in thoracoplasty. Also the patients remaining active were 15.4% in the resected cases and 16.6% in thoracoplasty patients.5. Patients who underwent surgery during the first 2 years of disease did poorly as compared to those whoo had surgery after 2 or more years of disease. This seem to indicate that the latter group obtained better result because of their natural resistance against tuberculosis. Majority of these patients were operated on under no sanatorium care, after prolonged irregular anti-tuberculosis therapy and in highly advanced state. Even under this unfavorable conditions, the results appear to be acceptable. In this series, the outcome following thoracoplasty is equal to or even superior to pulmonary resection, particularly in view of the fact that thoracoplasty cases were much more advanced than the cases selected for resection. It is suggested that resectional therapy be retained as the procedure of choice in selected cases and that thoracoplasty be reserved as a procedure which and be highly effective in cases whose disease condition is less amenable for resection.
The Local Action of Cortisone on Tuberculin Reaction
Authors: Suh Byung Oh , Kim Kyung Sik
Published: March 2022

On 309 cases of pulmonary Tuberculosis(21-33 years old) Tuberculin test was performed with 1: 2, 000 diluent of OT with and without mixed cortisone to determine the local action of cortisone on Tuberculin reaction and following results were observed.1) Usually the reaction with tuberculin containing cortisone appeared less intensively than that with OT only.2) With adequate dilution of OT and cortisone the reaction was more intensive than that with OT only.3) The reaction with OT containing cortisone acetate was more intensive than that with OT containing hydrocortisone acetate.4) Cortisone had an action of delaying the absorption of intradermally injected fluid.
The etiology and pattern distribution of closed long bone diaphyseal fractures: A prospective survey in a regional trauma center Enugu, Nigeria
Authors: Iyidobi Emmanuel Chino , Anijunsi Livinus Patrick , Enweani Ugochukwu , Ekwunife Remigus Tochukwu , Agbo Emmanuel Onyekachi , Ozioko Uche Sebastine
Published: March 2022

Extremity injuries have attained a significant position in musculoskeletal trauma. This study aims to describe the pattern of closed long bone diaphyseal fractures in acute trauma setting. A prospective study of patients who presented at the trauma unit of National Orthopaedic Hospital Enugu over a 6months period was undertaken. Sixty two patients with closed long bone diaphyseal fractures of femur, tibia and humerus who consented and met the study inclusion criteria were prospectively included and evaluated. Data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 20. A total of 2880 patients presented during the period of study out of which, 62 (37 males and 25 females) presented with closed long bone diaphyseal fractures giving an incidence of 21.5/1000 trauma unit attendance (and occurring mostly in males 32.1/1000). The 21-30years age group distribution were the mostly affected (35.5%) with closed long bone diaphyseal fracture at presentation. Motor vehicular accident was the leading cause of closed long bone diaphyseal fractures (66.7%) followed by tricycle accident (19.4%) and assault (1.9%), the least. Transverse fractures (40.3%) were the most common fracture pattern followed by the comminuted fracture (27.4%), The anatomic location of fractures in diaphyseal long bones of the humerus, femur and tibia did not show any significant difference (p<0.05). With transverse and comminuted fracture being the commonest fracture patterns distribution and motor vehicular accidents the leading cause, these could be of a guide for orthopaedic surgeons to decide on the best interventional approach and to improve functional outcome.
Nonlinear Multi-Fidelity Bayesian Optimization: An Application in the Design of Blast Mitigating Structures
Authors: Valladares Homero , Tovar Andres
Published: March 2022

A common scenario in engineering design is the availability of several black-box functions that describe an event with different levels of accuracy and evaluation cost. Solely employing the highest fidelity, often the most expensive, black-box function leads to lengthy and costly design cycles. Multi-fidelity modeling improves the efficiency of the design cycle by combining information from a small set of observations of the high-fidelity function and large sets of observations of the low-fidelity, fast-to-evaluate functions. In the context of Bayesian optimization, the most popular multi-fidelity model is the auto-regressive (AR) model, also known as the co-kriging surrogate. The main building block of the AR model is a weighted sum of two Gaussian processes (GPs). Therefore, the AR model is well suited to exploit information generated by sources that present strong linear correlations. Recently, the non-linear auto-regressive Gaussian process (NARGP) model has appeared as an alternative to integrate information generated by non-linearly correlated black-box functions. The performance of the NARGP model in structural optimization has remained largely unexplored. This investigation presents a Bayesian optimization approach that implements the NARGP model as the multi-fidelity surrogate model. The optimization strategy is utilized in the design sandwich composite armors for blast mitigation. The armors are made of four layers: steel, carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP), aluminum honeycomb (HC), and CFRP. The optimization problem has three design variables, which are the thickness of the CFRP and aluminum HC layers. Two objectives are minimized: the armor’s penetrations and the reaction force at the armor’s supports. The black-box functions are two finite element models with different levels of fidelity. The low-fidelity model assumes elastic behavior of the sandwich composite. The high-fidelity model considers the nonlinear behavior of each layer of the armor. The results show that the proposed non-linear multi-fidelity Bayesian optimization approach produces a more stable expansion of the Pareto front than an optimization strategy that employs the AR model. This outcome suggests that the NARGP model is an appealing alternative in design problems with a limited number of function evaluations of the high-fidelity source.
The Missing Link: Developing a Safety Case for Perception Components in Automated Driving
Authors: Salay Rick , Czarnecki Krzysztof , Kuwajima Hiroshi , Yasuoka Hirotoshi , Abdelzad Vahdat , Huang Chengjie , Kahn Maximilian , Nguyen Van Duong , Nakae Toshihiro
Published: March 2022

Safety assurance is a central concern for the development and societal acceptance of automated driving (AD) systems. Perception is a key aspect of AD that relies heavily on Machine Learning (ML). Despite the known challenges with the safety assurance of ML-based components, proposals have recently emerged for unit-level safety cases addressing these components. Unfortunately, AD safety cases express safety requirements at the system level and these efforts are missing the critical linking argument needed to integrate safety requirements at the system level with component performance requirements at the unit level. In this paper, we propose the Integration Safety Case for Perception (ISCaP), a generic template for such a linking safety argument specifically tailored for perception components. The template takes a deductive and formal approach to define strong traceability between levels. We demonstrate the applicability of ISCaP with a detailed case study and discuss its use as a tool to support incremental development of perception components.
Accuracy of Aerial Photoscanning with Real-Time Kinematic Technology
Authors: Mckelvey Nathan , King Charles , Terpstra Toby , Hashemian Alireza , Mitchell Steven
Published: March 2022

Photoscanning photogrammetry is a method for obtaining and preserving three-dimensional site data from photographs. This photogrammetric method is commonly associated with small Unmanned Aircraft Systems (sUAS) and is particularly beneficial for large area site documentation. The resulting data is comprised of millions of three-dimensional data points commonly referred to as a point cloud. The accuracy and reliability of these point clouds is dependent on hardware, hardware settings, field documentation methods, software, software settings, and processing methods. Ground control points (GCPs) are commonly used in aerial photoscanning to achieve reliable results. This research examines multiple GCP types, flight patterns, software, hardware, and a ground based real-time kinematic (RTK) system. Multiple documentation and processing methods are examined and accuracies of each are compared for an understanding of how capturing methods will optimize site documentation.
Aerial Photoscanning with Ground Control Points from USGS LiDAR
Authors: Terpstra Toby , Mckelvey Nathan , King Eric , Hashemian Alireza , King Charles
Published: March 2022

Aerial photoscanning is a software-based photogrammetry method for obtaining three-dimensional site data. Ground Control Points (GCPs) are commonly used as part of this process. These control points are traditionally placed within the site and then captured in aerial photographs from a drone. They are used to establish scale and orientation throughout the resulting point cloud. There are different types of GCPs, and their positions are established or documented using different technologies. Some systems include satellite-based Global Positioning System (GPS) sensors which record the position of the control points at the scene. Other methods include mapping in the control point locations using LiDAR based technology such as a total station or a laser scanner. This paper presents a methodology for utilizing publicly available LiDAR data from the United States Geological Survey (USGS) in combination with high-resolution aerial imagery to establish GCPs based on preexisting site landmarks. This method is tested and compared to accuracies achieved with traditional control point systems.
Biomechanical Responses of the THOR-AV ATD in Rear Facing Test Conditions
Authors: Wang Zhenwen Jerry
Published: March 2022

The THOR-AV dummy is a modified THOR dummy being developed for occupant safety testing in upright and reclined seating postures. The dummy has a new neck with improved biofidelity in rear impact, a pelvis/abdomen/lumbar design to improve seating posture, and a pelvis anthropometry that mimics human submarining responses for reclined seat testing. The dummy was evaluated against postmortem human subject (PMHS) corridors in rearward facing impact conditions (56 km/h impact speed, 38g acceleration) in both 25° and 45° seatback configurations. Biofidelity Ranking System (BRS) scores were calculated in accordance with NHTSA’s latest calculation algorithm. The BRS scores for THOR-AV seat loading are 1.58 (“good” biofidelity) and 2.94 (“marginal” biofidelity) for the 25° and 45° configurations respectively. The BRS scores for THOR-AV occupant responses are 1.95 and 1.38 for the 25° and 45° configurations respectively, both corresponding to “good” biofidelity. From the evaluation, the dummy motion in the vertical direction is lacking compared to PMHS responses. The dummy durability is promising, with no damage observed in the test series.
Temporal and spatial dynamics of Bemisia tabaci populations and cassava viral diseases on selected whitefly resistant cassava genotypes in Uganda
Authors: Gwandu C. , Ochwo-Ssemakula M. , Kabissa J. , Sseruwagi P.
Published: March 2022

Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) is a pest that causes widespread damage on cassava (Manihot esculanta Crantz), a staple food crop for millions of households in sub-Saharan Africa. Bemisia tabaci also acts as a vector responsible for spreading plant viruses that cause two of the most economically damaging diseases in cassava; namely cassava mosaic disease (CMD) and cassava brown streak disease (CBSD). The objective of this study was to determine the population dynamics of B. tabaci on whitefly resistant cassava genotypes in different agro-ecologies in Uganda. Data were collected once a month, for six months on adult whitefly populations, cassava mosaic disease (CMD) and cassava brown streak disease (CBSD) incidence and symptom severity. The results obtained indicated that cropping season (2015 and 2016), agro-ecology, cassava age and genotypes strongly (P<0.001) influenced the population of adult whitefly. Moderate (47.44% ± 0.7821) and high (72.04% ± 0.6916) overall means incidences of CBSD recorded across agro-ecologies on the whitefly resistant genotypes in 2015 and 2016 trials, respectively, were likely due to use of cutting-infected planting materials that were not detected through visual inspection at trial establishment. The analysis further revealed that the interaction effect of genotype, agro-ecology and crop age (months after planting: MAP) had a highly significant influence (P< 0.001) on whitefly abundance and high significant effect (P<0.05) on CMD incidence and severity. The CMD and CBSD incidence as well as symptom severity increased with crop age from 3 months after planting across agro-ecologies. The study demonstrates that whitefly population dynamics and viral disease incidence are influenced by cassava genotypes, agro-ecological differences and crop age (MAP). Information generated could be used to guide the development of appropriate area-specific control strategies to mitigate the effect of whitefly and whitefly-transmitted viral diseases in cassava.