bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Islamic Geometries: Spiritual Affects Against a Secularist Grid
Authors: Shaw Wendy M. K.
Published: March 2022

Discussions of surface pattern in Islamic art resonate within broader tensions about the role of figural representation in communicating meaning. The question of whether geometric pattern communicates—whether it functions as a language without a code—reflects broader tensions about the relationship between secular and spiritual communication. Poised between discussions of modernism and Islam, the attribution of linguistic capacity to geometry serves as a measure for the possibility of abstracting pure reason from the religious roots of representationalism. This paper explores this question in four parts. First, it examines the articulation of geometric meaning in Islamic discourses. It then explores European discussions of geometry between language and ornament poised between a search for universal reason and universal spiritualism, both in modernist painting and in modern exhibitions. The final section the expressive capacity of artistic responses to historical Islamic isometric geometries in the adaptive reuse of historical Iranian arts as contemporary abstraction in the sculptures of Monir Shahroudy Farmanfarmaian (1928–1919) and in the popular transformation prints of M. C. Escher (1898–1972). It argues that the frequent recognition of intrinsic meaning in geometry, expressed in both premodern Islamic and modern secular interpretations, undermines art historical expectations of theorization as a necessary intermediary for communication. Geometry thereby functions as a language without a code.
Schuldenbremse trifft deutschen Föderalismus. Was prägte die Ausgestaltung der neuen Fiskalregeln in den Bundesländern?
Authors: Brumm Kai
Published: April 2022

Seit 2009 ist die Schuldenbremse im Grundgesetz verankert. Ab 2020 verbietet sie den deutschen Bundesländern „grundsätzlich“ die Kreditaufnahme. Daneben bleibt es den Gliedstaaten vielfach überlassen, wie sie das neue Fiskalregime ausgestalten. Dieser Beitrag untersucht deshalb erstmals alle 41 Reformen, die zwischen 2008 und 2020 auf subnationaler Ebene verabschiedet wurden, um die Schuldenbremse in Landesrecht zu überführen. Dabei variierte einerseits der Zeitpunkt, den die Gliedstaaten in der Übergangszeit bis 2020 wählten, um landeseigene Kreditregeln zu ändern. Andererseits zeigt ein neuer Index der fiskalischen Selbstbindung, dass sich Landesregierungen für unterschiedlich strenge Verschuldungsregeln entschieden haben. Die Studie versucht, diese Gegensätze bei Reformzeitpunkt und Regelschärfe mithilfe zweier Qualitative Comparative Analyses (QCA) zu ergründen. Sie fragt erstens, was Landeskabinette kennzeichnet, die sich früh an die Ausgestaltung der Schuldenbremse machten. Die Befunde deuten an, dass geringe ideologische Fragmentierung zeitige Regelanpassungen begünstigte. So waren entweder lagerinterne rot-grüne Regierungen ohne sozioökonomischen Problemdruck oder schwarz-gelbe Bündnisse mit der Absicht zur Verfassungsänderung hinreichend, um neue Schuldenregeln schon kurz nach 2009 landesrechtlich zu fixieren. Zweitens wird untersucht, unter welchen Bedingungen Landeskabinette strikte Kreditregeln einführten. Linke Mehrheiten optierten demnach für eine rigide Variante der Schuldenbremse, wenn sie die bürgerliche Opposition in die Gesetzgebung einbinden (mussten) oder der Landesetat an einer großen Problemlast krankt. Bürgerliche Kabinette setzten im Fall eines überschuldeten Länderbudgets ebenso auf strenge Fiskalregeln, gerade wenn sie über eine nur schmale eigene Parlamentsmehrheit verfügten. Der Aufsatz deutet die Rolle von Parteienwettbewerb bei der Umsetzung der Schuldenbremse an und hilft zu verstehen, wann sich Gliedstaaten im Föderalismus auf solide Finanzen festlegen.
Specific recommendations (or lack thereof) for older patients with cardiovascular disease in the current European Society of Cardiology guidelines
Authors: Boerlage-van Dijk Kirsten. , Siegers Charlotte E. P. , Wouters Noëmie T. A. E. , Faes Miriam C. , Verbunt Robert A. M. , Geertman J. Hans , van den Heuvel Mieke , van de Meerendonk Chajja T. U. , Liem Su-San , Henriques Jose P. , Ottervanger Jan Paul
Published: March 2022

Due to population ageing, the number of older and frail patients with cardiovascular disease is increasing. In the current guidelines of the European Society of Cardiology specific recommendations for this older population are missing or scarce, probably due to limited evidence concerning diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular disease in older patients. Moreover, recommendations on shared decision making, palliative care and advanced care planning are also essential in these guidelines. In this article we evaluate the current European of Society of Cardiology guidelines (2013–2020) to determine whether specific recommendations for older patients have been included.
Neue Hydrocortisonpräparate in der Therapie der Nebenniereninsuffizienz
Authors: Theiler-Schwetz Verena , Trummer Christian , Pandis Marlene , Pilz Stefan
Published: March 2022

Um in der Therapie der kortikotropen Insuffizienz das physiologische Cortisolprofil besser nachahmen zu können, wurden in den letzten Jahren zwei Hydrocortisonpräparate mit verzögerter Wirkstofffreisetzung entwickelt. Plenadren®, ein Hydrocortisonpräparat mit zweistufiger Wirkstofffreisetzung für den Morbus Addison, kann den frühmorgendlichen Cortisolanstieg nicht imitieren, aber möglicherweise Lebensqualität und einige metabolische Parameter verbessern. Chronocort (Efmody®), ein Hydrocortisonpräparat mit veränderter Wirkstofffreisetzung mit abendlicher und morgendlicher Einnahme („toothbrush regimen“), kann ein nahezu physiologisches Cortisolprofil nachahmen und ist in der Therapie des adrenogenitalen Syndroms zugelassen, noch nicht aber für den Morbus Addison.
Effect of cation configuration and solvation on the band positions of zinc ferrite (100)
Authors: Bauerfeind Katharina C. L. , Bredow Thomas
Published: March 2022

Zinc ferrite ZnFe$$_{2}$$

2

O$$_{4}$$

4

belongs to the spinel-type ferrites that have been proposed as photocatalysts for water splitting. The electronic band gap and the band edge positions are of utmost importance for the efficiency of the photocatalytic processes. We, therefore, calculated the absolute band energies of the most stable surface of ZnFe$$_{2}$$

2

O$$_{4}$$

4

, the Zn-terminated (100) surface at self-consistent hybrid density functional theory level. The effect of Fe- and Zn-rich environments, cation exchange as antisite defects and implicit solvation on the band positions is investigated. Calculated flat band potentials of the pristine surface model ranges from $$-0.9$$

-
0.9

to $$-0.8$$

-
0.8

 V against SHE in vacuum. For Zn-rich (Fe-rich) models this changes 0.3–0.9 (0.0–0.7) V against SHE. Fe-rich models are closest to the experimental range of reported flat band potentials. Solvent effects lower the calculated flat band potentials by up to 1.8 eV. The calculated band gaps range from 1.5 to 2.9 eV in agreement with previous theoretical work and experiment. Overall, our calculations confirm the experimentally observed low activity of ZnFe$$_{2}$$

2

O$$_{4}$$

4

and its dependence on preparation conditions.

Graphical abstract
Law, War and the Penumbra of Uncertainty
Authors: Selvadurai Sam
Published: March 2022

This book argues that lawyers must often rely on contestable ethical and strategic intuitions when dealing with legal and factual uncertainties in 'hard cases' of resort to force. This area of international law relies on multiple tests which can be interpreted in different ways, do not yield binary 'yes/no' answers, and together define 'paradigms' of lawful and unlawful force. Controversial cases of force differ from these paradigms, requiring lawyers to assess complex, incomplete factual evidence, and to forecast the immediate and long-term consequences of using and not using force. Legal rules cannot resolve such uncertainties; instead, techniques from legal risk management, strategic intelligence assessment and political forecasting may help. This study develops these arguments using the philosophy of knowledge, socio-legal, politico-strategic and ethical theory, structured interviews and a survey with 31 UK-based international lawyers, and systematic analysis of key International Court of Justice cases and scholarly assessments of US-led interventions.
Yield response of tef (Eragrostis tef) to nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and sulphur under balanced fertilization on Vertisols in different agroecological zones of Ethiopia
Authors: Chala Girma , Kassa Sofia , Tadele Tsadik , Assefa Kefyalew , Teshome Habtemariam , Agegnehu Getachew , Abera Wuletawu , Tibebe Degife , Sileshi Gudeta W. , Erkossa Teklu
Published: March 2022

Nutrient deficiency is a major constraint in tef (Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter) production in Ethiopia. In the past, a blanket recommendation of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) fertilizers has been applied regardless of the diversity of agroecological zones and soil types. As crop responses declined with widespread deficiencies of nutrients, farmers have lost interest in applying the recommended fertilizer rates. The present study was conducted with the objective of quantifying the response of tef to different rates of N, P, potassium (K) and sulphur (S) fertilizers under balanced application of the nutrients other than the one under investigation. In each region, the same set of trials was implemented on farmers’ fields for three years. All trials were implemented on Vertisols across four agroecological zones (AEZs). The treatments were seven rates of N, six rates each of P and S and eight rates of K with a basal application of zinc (Zn) and boron (B). The results showed that the most limiting nutrient is N followed by P in each agroecological zone on the Vertisols. There was clear evidence of increases in grain yield with increasing rates of N and P, but the responses to K and S rates did not follow clear trends across AEZs. With balanced application of the other nutrients, 23–92 kg N ha−1 increased grain yield by 11–92%, while 10–40 kg P ha−1 increased yields by 12–33% over the control in the different AEZs. Based on results from dose–response models, it is concluded that the agronomic optimum rates for tef production are 69 kg N, 20 kg P, 30 kg K and 10 kg S ha−1 in the cool sub-moist mid-highlands and the tepid sub-humid mid highlands; 92 kg N, 30 kg P, 15 kg K and 10 kg S ha−1 in tepid moist mid highlands but 69 kg N, 10 kg P, 15 kg K and 10 kg S ha−1 in the tepid sub-moist mid highlands. On Vertisols not covered by this study, these recommendations should be subject to appropriate soil and plant analysis. We also recommend further studies on the nutrient requirement of tef on other soil types and AEZs.
Two new species of Lichenotubeufia (Dothideomycetes, Tubeufiales) from Chile and New Zealand, with a revised key to the genus
Authors: Zhurbenko Mikhail P.
Published: March 2022

Two species of lichenicolous fungi are described as new to science: Lichenotubeufia etayoi Zhurb. (on Trachyderma), with light orange perithecia up to 360 μm diam., non-fasciculate excipular hairs, and 10–13-septate ascospores, 110–162 × 3–5 μm; and L. tibellii Zhurb. (on Coccocarpia), with light orange perithecia up to 275 μm diam., non-fasciculate excipular hairs, and 5–12-septate ascospores, 50–100 × 3–4.5 μm. An updated key to the species of Lichenotubeufia is provided.
‘LET'S PET MY LEFT HAND LIKE IT IS PISCO, YEAH?’ INTERPERSONAL TOUCH IN THE WORK OF ANDY INGAMELLS
Authors: Kämper Julian
Published: April 2022

This article discusses touch-related works by the British composer–performer Andy Ingamells, works that that make up a large part of his oeuvre. In particular the article focuses on a series of works created during the last decade: Tape Piece (2012), The Ticklish Subject (2013), Having never seen (a) Ghost (2014), Waschen (2015), He That Plays The English Gentlemen Shall Be Welcome (2016), Petting Zoo (2019) and Petting Pisco (2020). These works exemplify Ingamells' understanding of music in general, but now, in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, they can also be seen very differently as a commentary on social activities that people had to forego because of contact restrictions during the pandemic.
COLLABORATIVE COMPOSITION IN A HYPERLOCAL ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Gardner Bobbie-Jane
Published: April 2022

This article explores ways in which compositional methods can respond to and articulate the specificity of localness, interrogating ideas of place, identity, collaboration and the local through an examination of the methods used by professional Birmingham composers to open out aspects of their compositional approach to the wider community. I share my findings from for-Wards, an ambitious public music project: an artistic collaboration between myself, ten professional Birmingham composers, nine music organisations and residents from Birmingham to create a musical ode to the city. Non-conventional compositional approaches became instrumental in the development of this innovative project, documenting the experience of the local within an ambitious citywide collaboration. The article considers the for-Wards project's background, notions of the hyperlocal, the artistic team, ideas relating to authorship, the compositional framework and collaborative challenges. The article considers the collaborative compositional methods employed by the for-Wards composers to examine the local, including local histories and their playful variants, field recordings, environmental vocalisations and the visualisation of the local.
TAKING A WALK BESIDE NADAR: NEW TIMES, NEW MEDIA, NEW SOUNDS
Authors: Peeters Annemarie
Published: April 2022

The Belgian new-music ensemble Nadar created a Zoom performance titled FITTINGinSIDE, which is tailored to a world in the grip of a pandemic. It balances ritual, artistic play and collective performance, all blended in a way that astonishes the ears. We followed Nadar's course through the pandemic and studied their techniques. How did Nadar manage to turn the crisis into – yet again – a new, creative starting point? How ‘live’ did the new ‘live’ feel? And is FITTINGinSIDE the format of the future?
ChamberMade, Vic Hoyland's 75th Birthday Concert, St Michael le Belfrey, York, 25 September 2021.
Authors: Powell Richard
Published: April 2022

While an atmosphere of reconnection has inevitably surrounded many recent concert experiences, the sense of reunion in the sixteenth-century surroundings of St Michael le Belfrey – in the shadow of York Minster – on this early autumn evening was more tangible than usual. Friends, colleagues and followers of Vic Hoyland were that night finally able to gather, nearly a year later than originally planned, to celebrate the 75th birthday of a composer who has spent more than five decades of his life carving a distinctive path through the British music scene.
Using Temporal Relationship of Thermospheric Density With Geomagnetic Activity Indices and Joule Heating as Calibration for NRLMSISE‐00 During Geomagnetic Storms
Authors: Wang Xin , Miao Juan , Lu Xian , Aa Ercha , Luo Binxian , Liu Ji , Hong Yu , Wang Yuxian , Ren Tingling , Zeng Ruiyun , Du Chenxi , Liu Siqing
Published: March 2022

The responses of thermospheric densities to geomagnetic activity indices and Joule heating are analyzed during 265 geomagnetic storms and can be used to calibrate the model NRLMSISE‐00 with neutral mass density observed at 400 km based on the CHAMP satellite from 2002 to 2008. In this work, the geomagnetic activities at high and low latitudes are identified by AE indices and Dst indices. During geomagnetic storms, Joule heating and its impacts on the thermospheric density are calculated by the Weimer‐2001 electric potential model and the DMSP spacecraft. The results show that the response of thermospheric density to both AE and Dst index takes a longer time as geomagnetic storms intensify. During weak and moderate storms, density delays AE indices for about 0–1 hr, while it is 2–4 hr for intense storms. In addition, the time differences between Dst indices and AE indices increase as storms intensify. During weak and moderate geomagnetic storms, the difference in the time corresponding to Dst indices with the time when AE indices peak is only 1–2 hr, while it increases to 3–5 hr for the intense storms. Furthermore, the calibration of the NRLMSISE‐00 model results can reproduce the storm‐time thermospheric density well, with the Mean Relative Error (MRE) between density observation and model decreasing from 40% to 10% after the correction.
Multi-source detection based on neighborhood entropy in social networks
Authors: Liu YanXia , Li WeiMin , Yang Chao , Wang JianJia
Published: March 2022

The rapid development of social networking platforms has accelerated the spread of false information. Effective source location methods are essential to control the spread of false information. Most existing methods fail to make full use of the infection of neighborhood information in nodes, resulting in a poor source localization effect. In addition, most existing methods ignore the existence of multiple source nodes in the infected cluster and hard to identify the source nodes comprehensively. To solve these problems, we propose a new method about the multiple sources location with the neighborhood entropy. The method first defines the two kinds of entropy, i.e. infection adjacency entropy and infection intensity entropy, depending on whether neighbor nodes are infected or not. Then, the possibility of a node is evaluated by the neighborhood entropy. To locate the source nodes comprehensively, we propose a source location algorithm with the infected clusters. Other unrecognized source nodes in the infection cluster are identified by the cohesion of nodes, which can deal with the situation in the multiple source nodes in an infected cluster. We conduct experiments on various network topologies. Experimental results show that the two proposed algorithms outperform the existing methods.
A wind power plant site selection algorithm based on q-rung orthopair hesitant fuzzy rough Einstein aggregation information
Authors: Attaullah  , Ashraf Shahzaib , Rehman Noor , Khan Asghar , Naeem Muhammad , Park Choonkil
Published: March 2022

Wind power is often recognized as one of the best clean energy solutions due to its widespread availability, low environmental impact, and great cost-effectiveness. The successful design of optimal wind power sites to create power is one of the most vital concerns in the exploitation of wind farms. Wind energy site selection is determined by the rules and standards of environmentally sustainable development, leading to a low, renewable energy source that is cost effective and contributes to global advancement. The major contribution of this research is a comprehensive analysis of information for the multi-attribute decision-making (MADM) approach and evaluation of ideal site selection for wind power plants employing q-rung orthopair hesitant fuzzy rough Einstein aggregation operators. A MADM technique is then developed using q-rung orthopair hesitant fuzzy rough aggregation operators. For further validation of the potential of the suggested method, a real case study on wind power plant site has been given. A comparison analysis based on the unique extended TOPSIS approach is presented to illustrate the offered method’s capability. The results show that this method has a larger space for presenting information, is more flexible in its use, and produces more consistent evaluation results. This research is a comprehensive collection of information that should be considered when choosing the optimum site for wind projects.
Bioconversion of wastewater-derived cresols to methyl muconic acids for use in performance-advantaged bioproducts
Authors: Henson William R. , Rorrer Nicholas A. , Meyers Alex W. , Hoyt Caroline B. , Mayes Heather B. , Anderson Jared J. , Black Brenna A. , Jayakody Lahiru , Katahira Rui , Michener William E. , VanderWall Todd A. , Salvachúa Davinia , Johnson Christopher W. , Beckham Gregg T.
Published: March 2022

We combine metabolic engineering and polymer chemistry to convert cresols, a main component of biomass-derived catalytic fast pyrolysis wastewater, to methyl muconic acids that have performance-advantaged properties in nylons and plasticizers.
A primer extension activating 3D DNAzyme walker for in situ imaging and sensitive detection of telomerase activity
Authors: Liu Xiaoting , Zhang Liyan , Lu Ling , Jiang Wei , Zhang Nan
Published: March 2022

A primer extension activating 3D DNAzyme walker has been developed for in situ imaging and sensitive detection of telomerase activity.
The fate of bulk nanobubbles under gas dissolution
Authors: Zhang Hongguang , Chen Shan , Guo Zhenjiang , Zhang Xianren
Published: March 2022

Depending on the concentration of dissolved gas and the types of amphiphilic substances adsorbed at the gas–liquid interfaces, we report three different situations for the dissolution of bulk nanobubbles: nanobubbles, micelles and large aggregates.
Hot carrier relaxation in CsPbBr3 nanocrystals: electron–hole asymmetry and shape effects
Authors: Gao Qiang , Kang Jun
Published: March 2022

In this work, the hot carrier relaxation processes in CsPbBr3 nanocrystals were studied through ab initio non-adiabatic molecular dynamics simulations.
Triphenylboroxine stability under low-energy-electron interactions
Authors: Pereira-da-Silva J. , Mendes M. , Nunes A. , Araújo J. , Cornetta L. , Ferreira da Silva F.
Published: March 2022

The high stability of triphenylboroxine under low energy electron interactions, in the energy range of 0–70 eV, supports their potential application in drug delivery, as well as in the design of technological applications.
Amorphous zirconium metal–organic frameworks assembled from mixed porphyrins as solvent-free catalysts for Knoevenagel condensation
Authors: Zuo Weiguo , Yang Shunbin , Xing Yajie , Xiao Xiwen , Fan Duona , Li Hengyu , Wang Guanqun , Qin Bin , You Song , Jia Xian
Published: March 2022

Three mixed porphyrins, icpp (1–3), were synthesized via the reactions of 4-formylbenzoic acid and 4-imidazolecarboxaldehyde, and then five amorphous or crystalline Zr-MOFs—SPUZ (1–5) were obtained from icpp (1–3), timp and tcpp, respectively.
A turn-on fluorescent probe based on indolizine for the detection of sulfite
Authors: Cui Renle , Gao Yunlong , Ge Haiyan , Shi Guowei , Li Yongchao , Liu Hao , Ma Chuanjun , Ge Yanqing , Liu Caihong
Published: March 2022

Numerous SO32−/HSO3− fluorescent probes have been reported based on various mechanisms.
A multifunctional fluorescent Cd-MOF probe: its synthesis, structure, and sensing properties
Authors: Liu Lu , Jia Yuejiao , Chen  , Li Dechao , Hu Ming
Published: March 2022

A Cd-MOF with a one-dimensional cavity can be used as a multifunctional fluorescent probe to effectively recognize CrO42− and Cr2O72− ions, Fe3+ ions and TNP molecules.
Interconnected 3D fluorinated graphene host enables an ultrastable lithium metal anode
Authors: Shan Qi , Fang Yanan , Tian Xinyu , Yang Lan , Li Pan , Feng Xiaomiao
Published: March 2022

3D fluorinated graphene with a large specific surface area and pore structure was used to stabilize a lithium metal anode to effectively inhibit the growth of lithium dendrites and ensure the safety and cycle performance of the battery.
Copper-mediated synthesis of fullerooxazoles from [60]fullerene and N-hydroxybenzimidoyl cyanides
Authors: Liu Qing-Song , Qiu Wen-Jie , Lu Wen-Qiang , Wang Guan-Wu
Published: March 2022

The novel copper-mediated [3 + 2] heteroannulation reaction of [60]fullerene with N-hydroxybenzimidoyl cyanides unexpectedly affords fullerooxazoles, which can be further electrochemically transformed into amidated 1,2-hydrofullerenes.
Cone cracks in tissue-mimicking hydrogels during hypodermic needle insertion: the role of water content
Authors: M. Muthukumar , Bobji M. S. , Simha K. R. Y.
Published: April 2022

The water content played a significant role in cone cracking fracture characteristics of polyacrylamide gel during hypodermic needle insertion. The results show that the normalised cone crack speed and the cone angle monotonically decreased with water content.
Quantitative metabolic fluxes regulated by trans-omic networks
Authors: Ohno Satoshi , Uematsu Saori , Kuroda Shinya
Published: March 2022

Cells change their metabolism in response to internal and external conditions by regulating the trans-omic network, which is a global biochemical network with multiple omic layers. Metabolic flux is a direct measure of the activity of a metabolic reaction that provides valuable information for understanding complex trans-omic networks. Over the past decades, techniques to determine metabolic fluxes, including 13C-metabolic flux analysis (13C-MFA), flux balance analysis (FBA), and kinetic modeling, have been developed. Recent studies that acquire quantitative metabolic flux and multi-omic data have greatly advanced the quantitative understanding and prediction of metabolism-centric trans-omic networks. In this review, we present an overview of 13C-MFA, FBA, and kinetic modeling as the main techniques to determine quantitative metabolic fluxes, and discuss their advantages and disadvantages. We also introduce case studies with the aim of understanding complex metabolism-centric trans-omic networks based on the determination of metabolic fluxes.
Acidic patch histone mutations and their effects on nucleosome remodeling
Authors: Dao Hai T. , Pham Linh T. D.
Published: March 2022

Structural and biochemical studies have identified a histone surface on each side of the nucleosome disk termed ‘the nucleosome acidic patch' that acts as a regulatory hub for the function of numerous nuclear proteins, including ATP-dependent chromatin complexes (remodelers). Four major remodeler subfamilies, SWI/SNF, ISWI, CHD, and INO80, have distinct modes of interaction with one or both nucleosome acidic patches, contributing to their specific remodeling outcomes. Genome-wide sequencing analyses of various human cancers have uncovered high-frequency mutations in histone coding genes, including some that map to the acidic patch. How cancer-related acidic patch histone mutations affect nucleosome remodeling is mainly unknown. Recent advances in in vitro chromatin reconstitution have enabled access to physiologically relevant nucleosomes, including asymmetric nucleosomes that possess both wild-type and acidic patch mutant histone copies. Biochemical investigation of these substrates revealed unexpected remodeling outcomes with far-reaching implications for alteration of chromatin structure. This review summarizes recent findings of how different remodeler families interpret wild-type and mutant acidic patches for their remodeling functions and discusses models for remodeler-mediated changes in chromatin landscapes as a consequence of acidic patch mutations.
Examining the Content and Outcomes of Training in Dysphagia and Mealtime Management: A Systematic Review Informing Co-Design of New Training
Authors: Reddacliff Courtney , Hemsley Bronwyn , Smith Rebecca , Dalton Sayne , Jones Sarah , Fitzpatrick Amy , Given Fiona , Kelly Jack , Lawson Xanthe , Darcy Simon , Debono Deborah , Benfer Kath , Balandin Susan
Published: April 2022

Purpose:

Dysphagia (swallowing difficulty) impacts physical health, quality of life, and mealtime enjoyment. Staff who provide mealtime assistance to people with dysphagia require adequate training to help ensure that the mealtimes are safe and enjoyable. This systematic review examined literature relating to training in dysphagia (e.g., recognizing signs and symptoms) and mealtime assistance, its components, and benefits for people with dysphagia.

Method:

In July 2020, five scientific databases were searched for papers meeting the inclusion criteria relating to mealtime assistance training. The quality of the studies was evaluated using the Quality Assessment Tool for Studies of Diverse Design, with scores ranging from 38.1% to 83.3%. We completed a qualitative synthesis using the data extracted from the included studies.

Results:

Twenty-four studies met the inclusion criteria. Participants in these studies benefited from both group training and one-on-one training. Training programs had many formats including computer-based, face-to-face, individual training, and group training. Each included study demonstrated some level of positive impact to the learners, such as improved knowledge and skills in mealtime management for people with dysphagia. No studies reported negative outcomes. Training duration ranged from 30 min to 5 days.

Conclusions:

The benefits of different components of mealtime training (e.g., group training, or face-to-face training) for mealtime assistance for people with dysphagia were reviewed. Further research is needed to compare the effectiveness of different training formats, involving not only the assistant but also people with dysphagia as both trainers and trainees, and determine the health outcomes of training programs for people with dysphagia.
Menschen in ihrem Lebensumfeld unterstützen – Angestellt bei der Gemeinde
Authors: Driessen Marlou
Published: March 2022

Dass Ergotherapeut*innen direkt bei der Gemeinde arbeiten, ist in Deutschland eher die Ausnahme. Anders bei unseren niederländischen Nachbarn: Hier sind Ergotherapeutinnen und Ergotherapeuten bereits seit vielen Jahren in der kommunalen Arbeit tätig. Und das Aufgabenfeld erweitert sich zusehends.
Machen Sie Ihre Praxis sichtbar! – Professionelle Außendarstellung
Authors: Liers Jessica , Bargfrede Jan
Published: March 2022

Wer sich mit der professionellen Außendarstellung der therapeutischen Praxis auseinandersetzt, beschäftigt sich automatisch mit Fragen der eigenen Sichtbarkeit – und läuft leicht Gefahr, diese zu über- oder unterschätzen. Warum Sie die Sichtbarkeit Ihrer Praxis steuern sollten, wie das funktioniert und wie Sie damit therapeutische wie auch unternehmerische Ziele erreichen können, erfahren Sie hier.
Das Bundesteilhabegesetz als Chance – Ergotherapie in der WfbM
Authors: Schäfer Charlotte-Sophie
Published: March 2022

Werkstätten für Menschen mit Behinderung (WfbM) erlauben Klient*innen die Teilhabe am Arbeitsleben. Laut Bundesteilhabegesetz (BTHG) soll die Arbeit nicht nur Beschäftigung, sondern auch Entwicklungsmöglichkeiten für die Persönlichkeit und die berufliche Leistungsfähigkeit schaffen – ein sinnvoller Einsatzbereich für die Ergotherapie.
Copper Porphyrin Catalyzed C(sp3)–H Activation via Cross-Dehydrogenative Coupling: Facile Transformation of Aldehydes to Esters
Authors: Liu Hai-Yang , Yuan Gao-Qing , Shan Zi-Wei , Chen Xiao-Yan , Zhang Hao
Published: March 2022

Copper porphyrin catalyzed alkane C–H bond functionalization with aldehydes via cross-dehydrogenative coupling (CDC) using DTBP oxidant has been firstly described in nonsolvents or nonadditives system. Different aryl/heteroaryl carboxylic esters were obtained in good to excellent yields depending on the aldehyde derivatives. This CDC reaction catalyzed by copper porphyrin has the advantages of shorter reaction time, lower reaction temperature, and catalyst loading as well as the aerobic reaction atmosphere.
A variable time step self-consistent mean field DSMC model for three-dimensional environments
Authors: Schullian O. , Antila H. S. , Heazlewood B. R.
Published: March 2022

A self-consistent mean field direct simulation Monte Carlo (SCMFD) algorithm was recently proposed for simulating collision environments for a range of one-dimensional model systems. This work extends the one-dimensional SCMFD approach to three dimensions and introduces a variable time step (3D-vt-SCMFD), enabling the modeling of a considerably wider range of different collision environments. We demonstrate the performance of the augmented method by modeling a varied set of test systems: ideal gas mixtures, Poiseuille flow of argon, and expansion of gas into high vacuum. For the gas mixtures, the 3D-vt-SCMFD method reproduces the properties (mean free path, mean free time, collision frequency, and temperature) in excellent agreement with theoretical predictions. From the Poiseuille flow simulations, we extract flow profiles that agree with the solution to the Navier–Stokes equations in the high-density limit and resemble free molecular flow at low densities, as expected. The measured viscosity from 3D-vt-SCMF is ∼15% lower than the theoretical prediction from Chapman–Enskog theory. The expansion of gas into vacuum is examined in the effusive regime and at the hydrodynamic limit. In both cases, 3D-vt-SCMDF simulations produce gas beam density, velocity, and temperature profiles in excellent agreement with analytical models. In summary, our tests show that 3D-vt-SCMFD is robust and computationally efficient, while also illustrating the diversity of systems the SCMFD model can be successfully applied to.
Pavlovian conditioning achieved via one-transistor/one-resistor memristive synapse
Authors: Cheng Yankun , Lin Ya , Zeng Tao , Shan Xuanyu , Wang Zhongqiang , Zhao Xiaoning , Ielmini Daniele , Xu Haiyang , Liu Yichun
Published: March 2022

Mimicking Pavlovian conditioning by memristive synapse is significant to implement neuromorphic computing at the hardware level. In this work, we demonstrated the Pavlovian conditioning based on the artificial synapse architecture of one-transistor/one-resistor (1T1R), which included an AgInSbTe/α-C-based memristor as a variable resistance and an N-MOS transistor. Thanks to stable resistance switching behavior of memristor and outstanding controllability of device conductance by transistor gating of 1T1R, the experimental demonstration of the acquisition and extinction of Pavlovian conditioning were realized. Moreover, the temporal relation between the conditioned and unconditioned stimuli was also established in which the memory time of associative learning decreased with the increase in the interval of two stimuli. This work provided an idea to biorealistically mimic the Pavlovian conditioning, paving the way for memristive neuromorphic computing.
Gehen as a new auxiliary in German
Authors: Paul Katharina , Thalmann Maik , Steinbach Markus , Coniglio Marco
Published: March 2022

This paper aims to investigate the so-called gehen+infinitive construction in German, in which an inflected form of the (movement) verb gehen ‘go’ is combined with the infinitive of another main verb and, thus, seems to behave like an auxiliary syntactically. Supported by two questionnaire studies, we will argue that (i) this construction undergoes a currently observable grammaticalization process, and that (ii) it is generally used to encode an aspectual reading, namely ingressivity. Finally, we provide a proposal for the diachronic development of the gehen+infinitive construction, arguing for a transition from a biclausal structure to a monoclausal one, and discuss the consequence of this shift at the syntax-semantics-interface.
Las percepciones de hablantes japoneses acerca de la alternancia ‘tú’/‘usted’ en la formulación de peticiones en español L2/LE
Authors: Serra-Cantón Ángel , Mañas Iban , Rosado Elisa
Published: March 2022

Abstracta

Este trabajo evalúa las percepciones de hablantes japoneses de español L2/LE sobre la alternancia ‘tú’/‘usted’ en la formulación de peticiones. Esta elección regula la formalidad en español, mientras que, en japonés, lo hacen la flexión verbal y determinadas variaciones léxicas que se usan con mayor frecuencia que ‘usted’ en español peninsular. Se plantea que los aprendices japoneses podrían experimentar dificultades en la adquisición de la cortesía española debido a este contraste interlingüístico. Para examinar este fenómeno, se administró una tarea discursiva de selección (MDCT, por sus siglas en inglés) en español a dos grupos de aprendices (L1 = japonés; L1 = otras lenguas) y a un grupo de hablantes nativos de español. Los resultados sugieren que los hablantes japoneses perciben ‘tú’ como un tratamiento menos adecuado en favor de ‘usted’. No obstante, dichos hablantes pueden alcanzar una competencia similar a la nativa conforme aumenta el nivel de competencia.
Ionic liquids in conducting nanoslits: how important is the range of the screened electrostatic interactions?
Authors: Groda Yaroslav , Dudka Maxym , Oshanin Gleb , Kornyshev Alexei A , Kondrat Svyatoslav
Published: March 2022

Analytical models for capacitive energy storage in nanopores attract growing interest as they can provide in-depth analytical insights into charging mechanisms. So far, such approaches have been limited to models with nearest-neighbor interactions. This assumption is seemingly justified due to a strong screening of inter-ionic interactions in narrow conducting pores. However, how important is the extent of these interactions? Does it affect the energy storage and phase behavior of confined ionic liquids? Herein, we address these questions using a two-dimensional lattice model with next-nearest and further neighbor interactions developed to describe ionic liquids in conducting slit confinements. With simulations and analytical calculations, we find that next-nearest interactions enhance capacitance and stored energy densities and may considerably affect the phase behavior. In particular, in some range of voltages, we reveal the emergence of large-scale mesophases that have not been reported before but may play an important role in energy storage.
Charged lithium adsorption on pristine and defective silicene: a theoretical study
Authors: Juan Julián , Fernández-Werner Luciana , Bechthold Pablo , Villarreal Julián , Gaztañaga Francisco , Jasen Paula V , Faccio Ricardo , González Estela A
Published: March 2022

We investigated by first principle calculations the adsorption of Li
q
(q = −1, 0 or +1) on a silicene single layer. Pristine and three different defective silicene configurations with and without Li doping were studied: single vacancy (SV), double vacancy (DV) and Stone–Wales (STW). Structural studies and the adsorption energies of various sites were obtained and compared in order to understand the stability of the Li on the surface. Moreover, electronic structure and charge density difference analysis were performed before and after adsorption at the most stables sites, which showed the presence of a magnetic moment in the undoped SV system, the displacement of the Fermi level produced by Li doping and a charge transfer from Li to the surface. Additionally, quantum capacity (QC) and charge density studies were performed on these systems. This analysis showed that the generation of defects and doping improves the QC of silicene in positive bias, because of the existence of 3p orbital in the zone of the defect. Consequently, the innovative calculations performed in this work of charged lithium doping on silicene can be used for future comparison with experimental studies of this Li-ion battery anode material candidate.
In situ time-zero correction for a ground penetrating radar monitoring system with 3000 antennas
Authors: Steinbeck Leon , Mester Achim , Zimmermann Egon , Klotzsche Anja , van Waasen Stefan
Published: March 2022

The time-zero correction is an essential step in the data pre-processing of ground penetrating radar (GPR) measurements to obtain an accurate signal propagation time between transmitting and receiving antennas. For a novel custom GPR monitoring system with about 3000 antennas and corresponding transceiver structures placed around a soil sample (lysimeter), an in situ approach for the time-zero correction is required. In particular, unknown material properties between any pair of transmitting and receiving antennas prevent a conventional time-zero correction. We present and compare two calibration approaches, namely a pairwise and a mesh calibration, both utilizing the ability of the monitoring system to conduct reciprocal measurements between any pair of antennas. The pairwise calibration enables an individual calibration for any antenna pair, whereas the mesh calibration reduces the influence of the soil between antenna pairs compared to the pairwise calibration. The developed approach is verified by utilizing a mathematical model. Experimental results from a simplified setup show that the lysimeter filling has a negligible impact onto the calibration approach based on adjacent measurements for the mesh calibration. In addition, it is shown that a state of the art time-zero calibration can be used to measure the signal delays within the analog circuit of the measurement system with an accuracy of ±4 ps. The simulation results indicate that by using the developed concept, no prior air calibration between every possible antenna combination is necessary. Thus, this work provides a crucial contribution towards an automated in situ time-zero correction for 3D GPR monitoring systems with many antennas.
A sequence-to-sequence remaining useful life prediction method combining unsupervised LSTM encoding-decoding and temporal convolutional network
Authors: Li Jialin , Chen Renxiang , Huang Xianzhen
Published: March 2022

Remaining useful life (RUL) prediction methods based on deep neural networks (DNNs) have received much attention in recent years. The collected time-series signals are usually processed by the sliding time window method into several segments with the same sequence length as the input. However, the signal processing is not only time-consuming, but also relies too much on personal experience. Moreover, the length of the time window affects the prediction results and the prediction range. Obviously, it is more desirable to remove the data processing and use an entire time series signal as the input for predicting the RUL, i.e. sequence-to-sequence RUL prediction. In order to remove the shortcomings of signal processing, this paper uses a long short-term memory (LSTM) and encoding-decoding framework to construct an unsupervised sequence data processing model. Then, a temporal convolutional network, based on a convolutional neural network, is used to further process the output data of the unsupervised sequence data processing model. The proposed sequence-to-sequence RUL prediction method not only maintains the complete sequence of the data, but has a good capability for data processing. The open access C-MAPSS simulation datasets are used for validation. The validation results show that the proposed method can realize unsupervised sequence signal reconstruction. Moreover, it has better prediction results and prediction efficiency.
Relativistic second-order initial conditions for simulations of large-scale structure
Authors: Adamek Julian , Calles Juan , Montandon Thomas , Noreña Jorge , Stahl Clément
Published: April 2022

Relativistic corrections to the evolution of structure can be used to test general relativity on cosmological scales. They are also a well-known systematic contamination in the search for a primordial non-Gaussian signal. We present a numerical framework to generate RELativistic second-order Initial Conditions (RELIC) based on a generic (not necessarily separable) second-order kernel for the density perturbations. In order to keep the time complexity manageable we introduce a scale cut that separates long and short scales, and neglect the “short-short” coupling that will eventually be swamped by uncontrollable higher-order effects. To test our approach, we use the second-order Einstein-Boltzmann code SONG to provide the numerical second-order kernel in a ΛCDM model, and we demonstrate that the realisations generated by RELIC reproduce the bispectra well whenever at least one of the scales is a “long” mode. We then present a generic algorithm that takes a perturbed density field as an input and provides particle initial data that matches this input to arbitrary order in perturbations for a given particle-mesh scheme. We implement this algorithm in the relativistic N-body code gevolution to demonstrate how our framework can be used to set precise initial conditions for cosmological simulations of large-scale structure.
The effect of He-induced surface microstructure on D plasma-driven permeation through RAFM steel
Authors: Wang Lu , Zhou Hai-Shan , Liu Hao-Dong , Qi Qiang , Tu Han-Jun , Shi Li-Qun , Luo Guang-Nan
Published: March 2022

The effect of helium (He)-induced surface microstructure on deuterium (D) plasma-driven permeation through a reduced activation ferritic/martensitic steel CLF-1 has been studied. CLF-1 steel was pre-exposed by He plasma with ion fluence of 1022–1024 He m−2 and an incident energy of 100 eV at 708 K. The following D plasma-driven permeation experiment was performed at 693 K. Steady-state D permeation flux decreases with the increase in He ion fluence. D diffusion coefficient is not significantly affected by He pre-damage, while D reflection coefficient increases with the enhancement of He ion fluence. Scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope analyses clearly reveal the evolution of surface roughness and He bubble layer after He plasma exposure. Elastic recoil detection was used to identify He concentration depth profiles in the samples. Both the surface microstructure modification and He bubble layer formation contribute to the reduction of D permeation.
Effect of laser annealing on the properties of Ag/ZnO nanostructures
Authors: Koleva M E , Dikovska A O , Nedyalkov N N , Karashanova D
Published: April 2022

Ag/ZnO nanostructures were synthesized using pulsed laser deposition (PLD) in open air (at atmospheric pressure). The deposition was carried out by a Nd:YAG laser, with the Ag layer composed of nanoparticles grown on SiO2 (001) substrates by the laser wavelength of 355 nm; this layer was covered by ZnO deposited by using the laser wavelength of 1064 nm. The samples were laser annealed, which led to a modification of the nanoparticles. The nanocomposites produced were characterized by TEM, UV-Vis and PL spectroscopy. The annealing procedures influence the optical properties of the Ag/ZnO nanocomposites. The laser annealing under certain parameters changes the emission behavior of the Ag/ZnO nanocomposite heterostructures. By employing localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR), the near band edge (NBE) emission intensity of the ZnO films composed of nanoparticles was varied. An enhancement of the UV emission located at about 383 nm, commonly attributed to an excitonic transition, was registered after laser annealing with one pulse at the wavelength of 355 nm. The results obtained demonstrate that the annealing of Ag/ZnO composite nanostructures plays a key role in tuning the PL performance of a semiconductor material where an LSPR occurs.
Formation and characterization of CuO coatings deposited by reactive magnetron sputtering
Authors: Ormanova M , Kotlarski G , Valkov S , Dechev D , Ivanov N , Petrov P
Published: April 2022

In this work, CuO coatings were deposited on 304 L stainless steel substrates by reactive magnetron sputtering. During the process, the substrate temperature was varied in the range from 100 °C to 400 °C. The crystallographic structure of the samples thus prepared was characterized by X-ray diffraction, and the results are discussed with respect to the technological conditions applied. It was found that the phase composition of the deposited CuO coatings is in the form of a monoclinic crystal structure. Also, the growth of the coatings was accompanied by a change in the orientation of the crystallites from (022) to (110) and a decrease in the concentration of imperfections.