bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of Dietary Supplementation with Phytobiotic Encapsulated Plant Extracts on Broilers’ Performance Parameters, Welfare Traits and Meat Characteristics
Authors: Dokou Stella , Vasilopoulou Konstantina , Bonos Eleftherios , Grigoriadou Katerina , Savvidou Soumela , Stefanakis Michalis K. , Christaki Stamatia , Kyriakoudi Anastasia , Mourtzinos Ioannis , Tzora Athina , Giannenas Ilias , Skoufos Ioannis
Published: February 2023

Background: Medicinal plants exhibit significant effects on broiler physiology and production. This trial aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation with an aqueous or cyclodextrin extract derived from a mixture of Origanum vulgare L., Camelina sativa L. crantz, Crithmum maritimum L., and Allium sativum L. at the level of 0.1% per kg of dry matter (DM) on broiler growth performance, welfare, meat chemical composition, and oxidative stability.

Results: Cyclodextrin treated group presented significantly higher final body weight, while feed intake and FCR were unaffected by the treatments. Both aqueous and cyclodextrin treated groups had significantly lower pododermatitis score compared to the control group. Additionally, both treatment groups presented increased thigh meat protein content and lower fat content, likewise meat color was also positively affected by both treatments. Supplementation of broilers diet with the cyclodextrin extract also resulted in ∑n-3 fatty acids and ∑n-6 fatty acids increase. The PUFA/SFA and H/H ratios were also increased in the thigh meat of both supplemented groups compared to the control group.

Conclusion: The application of aqueous or cyclodextrin extracts yielded positive results on meat composition, and supported growth performance, welfare, and the oxidative status of the chicken meat.
Molecular and morphological characterization of Tylenchus zeae n. sp. (Nematoda: Tylenchida) from Corn (Zea mays) in South Carolina
Authors: Kantor Mihail R. , Handoo Zafar A. , Subbotin Sergei A. , Mowery Joseph D. , Hult Maria N. , Rogers Stephen , Skantar Andrea M.
Published: February 2023

Specimens of a tylenchid nematode were recovered in 2019 from soil samples collected from a corn field, located in Pickens County, South Carolina, USA. A moderate number of Tylenchus sp. adults (females and males) were recovered. Extracted nematodes were examined morphologically and molecularly for species identification, which indicated that the specimens of the tylenchid adults were a new species, described herein as Tylenchus zeae n. sp. Morphological examination and the morphometric details of the specimens were very close to the original descriptions of Tylenchus sherianus and T. rex. However, females of the new species can be differentiated from these species by body shape and length, shape of excretory duct, distance between anterior end and esophageal intestinal valve, and a few other characteristics given in the diagnosis. Males of the new species can be differentiated from the two closely related species by tail, spicules, and gubernaculum length. Cryo-scanning electron microscopy confirmed head bearing five or six annules; four to six cephalic sensilla represented by small pits at the rounded corners of the labial plate; a small, round oral plate; and a large, pit-like amphidial opening confined to the labial plate and extending three to four annules beyond it. Phylogenetic analysis of 18S rRNA gene sequences placed Tylenchus zeae n. sp. in a clade with Tylenchus arcuatus and several Filenchus spp., and the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase c subunit 1 (COI) gene region separated the new species from T. arcuatus and other tylenchid species. In the 28S tree, T. zeae n. sp. showed a high level of sequence divergence and was positioned outside of the main Tylenchus-Filenchus clade.
General Music Education in a Multi-Ethnic Context, on the Example of State-Run Schools in Poland between the World Wars
Authors: Jeż Agnieszka
Published: February 2023

The paper concerns the presence and ideological identity-building function of Polish folk music in Polish state-run schools between the World Wars, and the experiences of Jewish children and teenagers in this regard. The young Polish state brought together populations from the former three partitioned territories, which included numerous national minorities. The need for bond-forming, powerfully symbolic elements supporting a collectively developed national identity was soon strongly felt. Polish folk music, with particular emphasis on its regional varieties, perfectly fitted into the ideological current of patriotic and civic youth education in both state-run and private schools. Dances and songs which children learned at music and PE lessons familiarised them with the wealth of traditions, imbuing them with pride and the love of national culture. The paper quotes examples of young Jews’ experiences in this context, as they encountered Polish folksongs and dances in state-run schools: their responses to this issue and the impact of such contacts on their identities. The source material comes from pre-WWII press, in which we hear the voices of the children themselves, reporting their experiences.
Three Psalms, Liturgia sacra, Fragments: the Last Works in Zygmunt Mycielski's Oeuvre1
Authors: Bolesławska-Lewandowska Beata
Published: February 2023

In his concept of a composer's creative work Mieczysław Tomaszewski distinguishes the late and final phases. Edward W. Said, on the other hand, devoted his last publication to reflections on the late style in music and literature, referring to the existing body of research on the subject. What is the position, in the context of both these perspectives, of three important works for voices and instruments by Zygmunt Mycielski: Three Psalms, Liturgia sacra, and Fragments to words by Juliusz Słowacki, written in the last few years of the composer's life? The author discusses these works and attempts to answer that question in her conclusion.
Nuevas construcciones arquitectónicas en zonas urbanas vulnerables a deslizamientos de tierra por profundidad de erosión, demarcación Álvaro Obregón, CDMX, México
Authors: Rivera González Oscar Daniel
Published: February 2023

En la Alcaldía Álvaro Obregón se realizan constantemente nuevas construcciones arquitectónicas aumentando con ello el urbanismo sin control, omitiendo en gran mayoría de las ocasiones las características de composición del suelo, el cual, debe ser analizado para la construcción de zonas urbanas seguras, mismas que no deberán tener susceptibilidad a presentar deslizamientos de tierra por desatención de cuestiones edafológicas, geológicas, geofísicas, geomorfológicas, hidrográficas, entre otras.
Con base en lo anterior, es importante aminorar el posible daño en dichas construcciones, forjando estudios adecuados sobre riesgos en zonas de barrancas, evitando posibles decesos en la población y afectaciones en el personal que se encuentra laborando en dichas edificaciones.
El objetivo principal es la realización de una metodología gratuita y con grado de error mínimo, para la ejecución real de un modelo preventivo con base en la profundidad de erosión, utilizando archivos en formato Raster provenientes de la Administración Nacional de Aeronáutica y del Espacio (NASA, 2021), con nivel de detalle de pixel en terreno de 12.5 metros.
El resultado final del modelo podrá ser utilizado por autoridades gubernamentales a nivel alcaldía, estado o federación, evitando nuevas construcciones arquitectónicas según las características del terreno, con el objetivo de replicar dicha metodología en otras zonas de México, América Latina y del mundo, donde las tipologías de riesgo sean similares al área de estudio.
Retraction pockets of the tympanic membrane – introduction to the development of cholesteatoma
Authors: Godlewska Magdalena , Biszewska Jolanta , Luczaj Jaroslaw , Duchnowska Emilia , Kosztyla-Hojna Bozena , Ladny Jerzy Robert
Published: February 2023

The tympanic membrane retraction pocket is a phenomenon that is described as a deformation of the tympanic membrane (most often hollow) caused by long persistent negative pressure inside the tympanic cavity. There are many theories about the pathomechanism of the formation of retraction pockets, but the most probable seems to be the one that which talks about pockets as a natural attempt by the body to heal inflammation in the tympanic cavity. Most untreated retraction pockets can lead to the development of cholesteatoma, which is so important knowing the classification of pockets. Due to it, it is possible to properly assess pathology and apply an appropriate treatment. There is no standardized scheme to the treatment of retraction pockets. Everything depends on the severity of the disease as well as on the co-occurrence of the upper respiratory tract infections or ear effusion.
Analysis of the effectiveness of noninvasive ventilation techniques in patients with COVID-19
Authors: Jakubowski Adam , Jablonska Sylwia , Lopienski Grzegorz , Szymanska Agnieszka , Wojewodzka-Zelezniakowicz Marzena , Klimkowski Robert , Nadolny Klaudiusz , Ladny Jerzy Robert
Published: February 2023

Health care system from the end of 2019 faced a huge challenge worldwide which was the emergence of a new species of coronavirus called severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in Wuhan, China. Within a short time, the pathogen revealed a pandemic nature. On January 30, 2019, the World Health Organization (WHO) announced the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. The greatest threat to human health and life is the damage to the lungs that accompanies a virus infection and the development of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS). As the epidemic proceeded, a significant amount of the hospital bed facilities was occupied by patients requiring passive oxygen therapy and, in large part, respiratory support using high flow oxygen therapy (HFNC) and continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) devices. A variety of techniques for applying passive oxygen therapy allow the use of different oxygen flows, with a proportional increase in FiO2 in the breathing mixture.
A influência de Platão na composição dos romances antigos
Authors: Saar Beatriz
Published: February 2023

É relativamente recente a perspectiva revisionista dos intentos filosóficos de Platão. Apesar disso, a ideia de um filósofo preocupado apenas em construir um edifício sistemático e hermético tem se mostrado cada vez menos sustentável, principalmente quando se observam as diversas fontes que apontam para interesses que não se restringem à filosofia, bem como para o desenvolvimento dos aspectos dramáticos presentes no corpus platônico como um todo. A ideia de que a literatura tem uma influência na obra platônica parece clara e um consenso entre os estudiosos, visto as inúmeras referências que Platão faz, por exemplo, à poesia épica nas figuras de Homero e Hesíodo. Mas pouco parece ter sido dito a respeito do inverso: da influência que Platão poderia ter exercido na literatura posterior. Visando lidar com esse obscurecimento, o presente estudo tem como intento primordial identificar e analisar a possível existência de elementos platônicos em dois romances do período imperial grego, a saber, em Quéreas e Calírroe de Cáriton de Afrodísias e em Dáfnis e Cloé de Longo. Em seguida, intenta demonstrar de que modo Platão, ao exercer uma clara influência na literatura posterior, deixou atrás de si não somente o já reconhecido legado filosófico, mas contribuiu substancialmente para o desenvolvimento da atividade literária, efetuando uma síntese complexa entre filosofia e literatura, ao mesmo tempo em que nos leva a questionar a suposta rigidez inflexível que as distinguem.
PESQUISA EM TEMPOS PANDEMICOS: FORMAÇÃO, ENSINO, APRENDIZAGEM E EDUCAÇÃO
Authors: Tahim Ana Paula Vasconcelos de Oliveira
Published: February 2023

Desde que o mundo existe, a pesquisa faz parte das atividades de desenvolvimento da humanidade, não temos nenhuma data que se proponha como um marco inicial para a tratarmos sobre os primórdios da pesquisa. A pesquisa acontece nas diversas áreas de conhecimento humano e vai tomando seus próprios caminhos sob os aspectos que direcionam os achados sobre cada uma destas. Um fato é verdade, a pesquisa sempre vai precisa de bases seguras para iniciar seu caminhar na busca por suas respostas.
A COESÃO NOMINAL EM ATIVIDADES DE ANÁLISE LINGUÍSTICA DE LIVROS DIDÁTICOS DO ENSINO MÉDIO
Authors: Dodó Francisco Walisson Ferreira , Carneiro Stânia Nágila Vasconcelos , Fernandes Denise Santos
Published: February 2023

O objetivo principal deste artigo é analisar, à luz do Interacionismo Sociodiscursivo, as propostas de ensino e aprendizagem da coesão nominal em duas coleções de livros didáticos de Português do Ensino Médio adotadas pelo Programa Nacional do Livro Didático – PNLD. Para a discussão teórica, utilizaram-se as contribuições dos estudos de Bronckart (1999; 2012), Machado (2004), Ilari (1992), Dik (1978), Halliday & Hasan (1976), Apothéloz (2003), Schwarz (2000) e Adam (2011). Como procedimentos metodológicos, nossa pesquisa se se caracteriza como uma pesquisa indutivo-documental, em que analisou duas coleções de livro didático de Língua Portuguesa. A pesquisa constatou que as atividades, majoritariamente, esvaziam-se no ensino estrutural e nomenclatural; quando se afirma estar trabalhando os conteúdos gramaticais, a fim de construir a coesão no texto, percebe-se que as questões pouco exploram as possibilidades de construção de progressão textual, limitando as formas de coesão a exercícios de substituição, objetivando que o aluno aprenda as classes gramaticais, apenas. Em suma, apesar de algumas questões levarem o aluno a compreender as classes gramaticais como elementos de coesão, tais propostas mostram-se ainda limitadas.
FACES DO TRABALHO INFORMAL NO CENTRO DE QUIXADÁ
Authors: Lima Leonardo Araújo , Girão Vanessa Maia , Silva Rayane Barbosa da
Published: February 2023

O artigo descreve algumas feições dos processos organizativos do trabalho informal no centro da cidade de Quixadá. Trata-se do resultado de pesquisa desenvolvida no âmbito do Programa de Iniciação Científica (PIC) do Centro Universitário Católica de Quixadá (Unicatólica) nos anos de 2019 a 2021. Combinando métodos em pesquisa social (etnografia, questionário e entrevistas), o estudo indica similaridades e divergências dentre as realidades vivenciadas por 23 trabalhadores informais de cinco atividades distintas. Se apresentam como semelhanças: dependência e conflitos com políticas públicas, riscos à saúde no ambiente de trabalho, sentimento de insegurança e de desvalorização, inclusão em redes sociais de apoio mútuo. Já as divergências estão associadas à mercadoria, usos do espaço, relações de cooperação e competição, táticas de negociação, perspectivas futuras no trabalho. Os resultados da pesquisa são analisados em quatro categorias: regularidades socioeconômicas, trabalho precarizado e seus reflexos na saúde, determinações sociais de racionalidades práticas, redes sociais de apoio. Conclui-se a relevância de construir espaços coletivos para que tais trabalhadores possam dialogar com os saberes práticos e ampliar suas estratégias de sobrevivência frente as condições precárias de trabalho.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DA CAPACITAÇÃO EM INSTRUMENTAÇÃO CIRÚRGICA PARA O ENFERMEIRO ATUANTE EM CAMPO CIRÚRGICO: UMA REVISÃO BIBLIOGRÁFICA
Authors: Chagas Dênia Rodrigues , Paulo Sandro Rogério Cardoso de , Leal Thaina Borges
Published: February 2023

O presente estudo tem como objetivos: a) analisar a experiência na prática de instrumentação cirúrgica de enfermeiros que atuam nesse setor; b) identificar aspectos favoráveis e desfavoráveis da experiência vivenciada; c) afirmar a importância de educações continuadas do enfermeiro e equipe de enfermagem, bem como a relevância atribuída à prática da instrumentação cirúrgica, buscando melhor qualidade da equipe, diminuindo então o risco de infecção hospitalar em paciente pós-operatório. Trata-se de um estudo de revisão bibliográfica. Para tal, foram desenvolvidos levantamentos de artigos científicos que focassem em pesquisas referentes à enfermagem cirúrgica, formação continuada de instrumentistas cirúrgicos, controle de infecção em centros cirúrgicos com ênfase no profissional enfermeiro. Após análise, foi observada uma preocupação por parte da equipe de enfermagem em diversas situações e vivências sob a formação continuada para a equipe de enfermagem. Por isso, torna-se importante a discussão para sensibilização dos profissionais da enfermagem, buscando alternativas para melhorar seu conhecimento em instrumentação cirúrgica e o bom manejo da equipe na constante formação continuada.
Unilateral ocular surface squamous neoplasia in a case of laryngeal carcinoma: A case report
Authors: Choudhary Dharamveer , Gahanoliya Kavita , Maanju Siddharth , Solanki Meghna , Dhakad Ajay
Published: February 2023

We discuss a unique case, where a patient is suffering from both laryngeal carcinoma and ocular surface neoplasia with a strong family history of multiple malignancies of various organs. The patient is a 65-year-old male suffering from unilateral left-sided ocular surface neoplasia involving the inferotemporal quadrant of limbus and sclera. The lesion was excised surgically with double freeze-thaw cryotherapy and was started on topical mitomycin-c (0.02%) for 3 1-week cycles over 6 weeks.
Two weeks administration of tranexamic acid for acute intracerebral hemorrhage: A hospital-based pilot study
Authors: Inoue Hirotaka , Kawano Takayuki , Iwasaki Yuri , Imada Izumi , Yamada Kazuhiro , Tashima Kouzo , Muta Daisuke , Yamamoto Keizo , Mukasa Akitake
Published: February 2023

Background:

A previous report suggested that functional status does not differ between patients who received tranexamic acid and those who received placebo within the early hours of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Our pilot study tested the hypothesis that 2 weeks administration of tranexamic acid would contribute to functional improvement.

Methods:

Consecutive patients with ICH were administered 250 mg tranexamic acid 3 times a day continuously for 2 weeks. We also enrolled historical control consecutive patients. We collected clinical data that involved hematoma size, level of consciousness, and Modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores.

Results:

Univariate analysis showed that the mRS score on day 90 was better in the administration group (P = 0.0095). The mRS scores on the day of death or discharge suggested a favorable effect of the treatment (P = 0.0678). Multivariable logistic regression analysis also showed that the treatment was associated with good mRS scores on day 90 (odds ratio [OR] = 2.81, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.10–7.21, P = 0.0312). In contrast, ICH size was associated with poor mRS scores on day 90 (OR = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.88–0.97, P = 0.0005). After propensity score matching, there was no difference in the outcomes between the two groups. We did not detect mild and serious adverse events.

Conclusion:

The study could not show the significant effect of 2 weeks administration of tranexamic acid on functional outcomes of ICH patients after the matching; however, suggested that this treatment is at least safe and feasible. A larger and adequately powered trial is needed.
A lumbar chondroma originating from the intervertebral disc
Authors: Gonchigar Uma , Cazzolli Taryn , Tavakoli-Sabour Samon , Bartanusz Viktor
Published: February 2023

Background:

Chondromas, benign cartilaginous primary bone tumors, seldom occur in the spine. Most spinal chondromas arise from the cartilaginous parts of the vertebra. Chondromas originating from the intervertebral disc are extraordinarily rare.

Case Description:

A 65-year-old female experienced recurrence of low back pain and left-sided lumbar radiculopathy after microdiscectomy and microdecompression. A mass continuous with the intervertebral disc was found to be compressing the left L3 nerve root and was resected. Histologic examination revealed a benign chondroma.

Conclusion:

Chondromas developing from the intervertebral disc are extremely rare; we could find only 37 reported cases. Identification of these chondromas is difficult because until surgical resection they are almost indistinguishable from herniated intervertebral discs. Here, we describe a patient with residual/recurrent lumbar radiculopathy caused by a chondroma originating from the L3–4 intervertebral disc. When a patient has recurrence of spinal nerve root compression after discectomy, a chondroma arising from the intervertebral disc is an uncommon but possible etiology.
Spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma in a pediatric hemophiliac
Authors: Scalia Gianluca , Porzio Massimiliano , Costanzo Roberta , Iacopino Domenico Gerardo , Galvano Gianluca , Nicoletti Giovanni Federico , Umana Giuseppe Emmanuele
Published: February 2023

Background:

Spontaneous spinal epidural hematomas (SSEH), unrelated to trauma, epidural anesthesia, or surgery, are rare in the pediatric population. Here, a 1-year-old male with hemophilia presented with a magnetic resonance (MR)-documented SSEH and was successfully treated with a C5-T10 right hemilaminectomy.

Case Description:

A 1-year-old male with hemophilia presented with quadriparesis. The holo-spine magnetic resonance imaging with contrast showed a posterior cervicothoracic compressive epidural lesion extending from C3 to L1 consistent with an epidural hematoma. He underwent a C5 to T10 right-sided hemilaminectomy for clot removal, following which his motor deficits fully resolved. A literature review of SSEH attributed to hemophilia revealed that 28 of 38 cases were effectively treated conservatively, while only 10 cases warranted surgical decompression.

Conclusion:

Select patients with SSEH attributed to hemophilia with severe MR-documented cord/cauda equina compromise and significant accompanying neurological deficits may require emergent surgical decompression.
Stephanion to cranial base penetrating stab wound with outstanding recovery: A case report
Authors: Abdulsada Alkawthar M. , Ismail Mustafa , Elsayed Abdelrahman Mohamed , Emara Mohamed R. , Al-Khazaali Younus M. , Albairmani Sama S. , Muthana Ahmed , Hoz Samer S.
Published: February 2023

Background:

Mortality due to head trauma is common in developed countries in all age groups. Nonmissile penetrating skull base injuries (PSBIs) due to foreign bodies are quite rare, accounting for about 0.4%. PSBI carries that a poor prognosis brainstem involvement usually is often fatal. We are reporting the first case of PSBI with a foreign body insertion site through the stephanion with a remarkable outcome.

Case Description:

The 38-year-old male patient was referred with a penetrating stab wound to the head through the stephanion caused by a knife after a conflict in the street. He had no focal neurological deficit or cerebrospinal fluid leak, and Glasgow coma scale (GCS) was 15/15 on admission. A preoperative computed tomography scan showed the path of the stab beginning at the stephanion, which is the point where the coronal suture crosses the superior temporal line, heading toward the cranial base. Postoperatively, GCS was 15/15 without any deficit apart from the left wrist drop, possibly due to a left arm stab.

Conclusion:

Careful investigations and diagnoses must be made to ensure convenient knowledge of the case due to the variety of injury mechanisms, foreign body characteristics, and individual patients’ characteristics. Reported cases of PSBIs in adults have not reported a stephanion skull base injury. Although brain stem involvement is usually fatal, our patient had a remarkable outcome.
The effect of fish oil supplementation on fatigue perception following submaximal exercise during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Hammado Nurussyariah , Setyagraha Etno , Rannu Fadra Naufal
Published: February 2023

The pandemic of COVID-19 has created the "New Normal" lifestyle and limited people to performing their daily activities from home. These changes in turn affect the level of physical activities, including the intention to engage in regular exercise, in most people, subsequently putting them at risk of having negative effects due to being physically inactive. This condition may down regulate the human immune system, making it more vulnerable to various diseases. Oral supplementation of fish oil has been proposed to have benefits for decreasing pro-inflammatory markers induced by exercise. This study aimed to analyze the effect of fish oil supplementation on the degree of fatigue perception following submaximal exercise. Forty-four male college students participated in this non-equivalent pre-posttest experimental research. The participants were supplemented with 2 soft capsules of 1.5 grams of fish oil for 8 weeks. The effect of submaximal exercise was carried out by the sit-up and bleep tests, which were measured before and after 8 weeks of fish oil supplementation. The research procedure was approved by the ethics committee of the Makassar State University research institute. The results showed that there was a strong relationship between the administration of fish oil supplements and the level of fatigue perception following sit-ups and bleep tests (p values of -0.529 and -0.658, respectively) performed during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study concludes that the administration of fish oil supplementation affects the degree of fatigue perception after doing submaximal exercise, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Cascade Radical 1,2-N-Shift/C-H Bond Coupling, Halogenation and Selenation Enabled by Cooperative Ni/Diboron Catalysis
Authors: Shi Tang , Hong Yu , Liu Jian , Liu Yin-Ling , Liu Hao-Miao , Liao Zi-Cheng , Li Fei , Wang Shuo-Wen , Sun Qing , Li Jin-Heng
Published: February 2023

Herein, we reported an unprecedented, efficient radical cascade merging 1,2-N-shift with C-H bond coupling, halogenation, and selenation via an inert C(sp3)-N bond cleavage, leading to pharmaceutically important β-amino acid motifs. A π-system-independent 1,2-N-shift mode enabled by cooperative Ni/diboron catalysis has been uncovered for the first time, wherein the diboron compounds were observed to function as both an activator for the C(sp3)-N bond and a reductant precursor for Ni catalytic cycle, shedding new light on radical remote migration of N-functionalities without the aid of π-systems. This synthetic method enabled the formation of a new C(sp3)-C(sp2) bond and a new C-N bond using a bench-stable Ni(dme)Br2/pyridine-imidazoline/B2neo2 systems featuring a broad substrate scope and excellent diastereoselectivity, under mild and safe reaction conditions that avoid oxidants, toxic radical initiators, or elevated temperatures, offering an expedient access to useful β-amino acid scaffolds.
Deciphering Reversible Homogeneous Catalysis of the Electrochemical H2 Evolution and Oxidation: Role of Proton Relays and Local Concentration Effects
Authors: Reuillard Bertrand , Costentin Cyrille , Artero Vincent
Published: February 2023

Nickel bisdiphosphine complexes bearing pendant amines form a unique series of catalysts (so-called DuBois catalysts) capable of bidirectional or even reversible electrocatalytic oxidation and production of dihydrogen. While this unique behaviour is directly linked to the presence of proton relays installed within the molecular structure, close to its metal center, quantitative activity descriptors are still lacking to guide the rational design of molecular catalysts with enhanced activity. We report here for the arginine derivative [Ni(P2CyN2Arg)2]6+ on a detailed kinetic treatment based on a mechanistic model that applies to the whole DuBois catalyst series and show that, with a unique set of parameters, it allows, for a good fit of the experimental data measured in a wide range of pH values, catalyst concentrations and partial hydrogen pressures. The bidirectionality of catalysis results from the balanced equilibrium constant of the kinetically critical hydrogen uptake and evolution chemical step and the corresponding rate constants being large enough in both directions, as well as a very fast intramolecular proton transfer, both being likely due to concentration effects resulting from the presence of proton relays at the immediate vicinity of the catalysts. In that specific case, we show that hydrogen oxidation, kinetically limited by H2 insertion, has a larger turnover frequency than hydrogen evolution that is kinetically limited by H2 release. The reversibility of catalysis appears also to result from a subtle balance between the characteristics of two sequential proton-coupled electron transfer square schemes and the equilibrium constants as well as the kinetic constants of both chemical steps. We illustrate experimentally that reversibility does not required that the energy landscape be flat, with in the present case redox transitions occurring at potentials ~250 mV away for the equilibrium potential. Still, large deviations from a flat energy landscape requires interfacial electron transfers to occur far from their equilibrium potential, which impacts their kinetics and the overall rate of catalysis. At that point, the rate of catalysis may be limited by the efficiency of deprotonation/reprotonation of the relays, a concern that also holds for the design of improved monodirectional electrocatalysts.
TÍNH KHÁNG KHÁNG SINH CỦA Vibrio spp. PHÂN LẬP TỪ NƯỚC NUÔI THỦY SẢN Ở MỘT SỐ KHU VỰC MIỀN BẮC VIỆT NAM
Authors: Ngô Thị Huyền , Vũ Xuân Nghị , Lê Đặng Lâm Oanh , Đặng Lệ Quỳnh , Lê Thị Tuyết Mai , Phạm Thị Tâm , Đồng Văn Quyền , Vũ Thị Bích Huyền
Published: February 2023

Kháng kháng sinh là một vấn đề nghiêm trọng mang tính chất toàn cầu, đặc biệt là trong nuôi trồng thuỷ sản. Trong nghiên cứu này, chúng tôi đã tiến hành đánh giá tính kháng kháng sinh của Vibrio spp. phân lập từ nước nuôi thủy sản tại vùng nuôi tôm, cá của năm tỉnh miền Bắc Việt Nam. Đã có 86 mẫu vi khuẩn được phân lập bao gồm bốn loài Vibrio sp. trong đó phổ biến là V. parahaemolyticus và V. alginolyticus trên môi trường chọn lọc TCBS và ChroMagarTMVibrio. Các mẫu vi khuẩn này đã được sử dụng để đánh giá tính kháng của chúng đối với 13 loại kháng sinh bằng phương pháp khuếch tán trên đĩa thạch theo tiêu chuẩn CLSI. Kết quả cho thấy các mẫu này có tỉ lệ kháng rất cao với ampicillin (100%), amoxicillin (98,84%), streptomycin (84,88%), oxytetracyline (69,77%) và tỉ lệ kháng thấp nhất với nhóm kháng sinh phenicol bao gồm chloramphenicol (32,56%) và florfenicol (31,4%). Chỉ số đa kháng (MAR) được ghi nhận từ 0,15 đến 1,0; hai mẫu vi khuẩn kháng với tất cả 13 loại kháng sinh. Các vi khuẩn phân lập từ năm khu vực thu mẫu nước nuôi thuỷ sản đều có tỉ lệ kháng 100% từ bốn đến tám loại kháng sinh. Kết quả này cho thấy rằng có mối liên hệ giữa tính kháng kháng sinh ở các chủng vi khuẩn với việc sử dụng kháng sinh trong nuôi thuỷ sản hiện nay và đây là một trong những cơ sở quan trọng để xây dựng các chiến lược và kế hoạch sử dụng và kiểm soát thuốc kháng sinh trong nuôi thủy sản tại các địa phương.
A Study on Intuitionistic Fuzzy Baire Spaces
Authors: Akila S  , Mohamed Ali A
Published: February 2023

In this paper, the concepts of intuitionistic fuzzy Baire spaces are introduced and characterizations of intuitionistic fuzzy Baire spaces are studied.
History of English Literature: For a Grasp
Authors: R Dr. Vasanthan
Published: February 2023

It is with great pleasure that I present this book, “History of English Literature: For a Grasp.” This book is an effort to provide a clear and concise overview of the history of English literature, from the Old English period to the present day. The objective of this book is to make the subject of English literature easy to understand for anyone with an interest in the subject. The book is organized chronologically, beginning with the Old English period and progressing through the Middle English period, Elizabethan period, Jacobean period, Caroline period, Commonwealth and Restoration period, Age of Dryden, Neoclassical period, Romantic period, Victorian age, Edwardian period, Georgian period, Modern period, and finally the Postmodern period.
Mercantilism and cameralism in the reforms of Peter The Great through the lens of naval finance and accounting (1681-1725)
Authors: Lvova Dina A.
Published: February 2023

In the 18th century, the doctrine of mercantilism-cameralism penetrated Russia and became the basis for the concept of state accounting, which was implemented in the Admiralty Regulation (1722), the first Russian accounting law. The Admiralty Regulation is a unique testimony to the earliest experience of the adoption of economic ideology and Western accounting style in Russia. It brought to Russian accounting an understanding of the importance of accounting procedures, budgeting and state control. The aim of this study is to show how the economic doctrine of the time influenced accounting, while also investigating whether accounting can serve as a gauge of the success of the doctrine and reform in general. Another research question is what it means for Russian accounting that the first accounting rules were developed for military purposes.
PLANT TANNINS AND SOME MECHANISMS OF THEIR PHARMACOLOGICAL PROPERTIES
Authors: E.D. Kubasova , I.A. Krylov , G.V. Korelskaya , R.V. Kubasov
Published: February 2023

Tannins are found in many parts of plants (fruits, bark, roots, leaves). In the chemical classification, they belong to water-soluble polyphenols. There are 2 classes of tannins: hydrolyzable (formed by polyatomic alcohol) and non-hydrolyzable (formed by condensation of phenolic compounds). Tannin derived from plants belongs to pharmacopoeia preparations. Most often in pharmacology it is used as an astringent and local anti-inflammatory agent. In addition, there is information about its antioxidant and anti-cancer properties of tannin. The mechanisms by which almost all the properties of both hydrolyzable and condensed tannins are realized are based on the regulation of the activity of the corresponding key enzymes; in most cases, this may be their activation to trigger a cascade of biochemical reactions. In addition, condensed tannins, due to their weak ability to dissolve, are able to precipitate and inactivate other substances (for example, cholesterol, external and internal antigens) due to the binding ability of gallic and tannic acids with biological molecules and prevent their excessive accumulation in the body. Some plants (for example, legumes, raspberries, persimmons, bananas) contain tannic acids with neuroprotective properties and antidepressant effects, the mechanism of which is associated with a decrease in the activity of acetylcholinesterase, as well as the effect on the activity of Na + / K+-ATPase and Ca2+- ATPase. Extracts of tannins have a hypoglycemic effect due to the inactivation of α-amylases, lipases and glucosidases; this property can be used to develop drugs for the prevention and treatment of diabetes mellitus.
INFLUENCE OF PURPOSEFULLY SYNTHESIZED AZOMETHINE DERIVATIVE OF TETRAHYDROBENZOTHIOPHENE-3-CARBOXAMIDE ON SOME INDICATORS OF LIPID METABOLISM IN HEALTHY RATS AND UNDER CONDITIONS OF EXPERIMENTAL HYPERLIPIDEMIA
Authors: I.V. Skulte , S.A. Luzhnova , I.P. Kodonidi , O.M. Zhilina , O.V. Kharitonova , S.S. Sigareva
Published: February 2023

According to WHO data, cardiovascular diseases occupy a leading position in terms of the number per share of the population, both in Russia and in other countries. A prerequisite for the development of these pathologies is atherosclerosis. It is now recognized that drug therapy is leading in curbing the development of atherosclerosis and subsequent complications. In this regard, the urgency of the search for new lipid-lowering drugs aimed at the treatment of this disease is increasing. Recent studies have shown the promise of using the benzothiophene backbone for the synthesis of new effective drugs, since this core has various biological and pharmacological activities, which makes it possible to obtain effective antimicrobial, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-tuberculosis, antidiabetic, anticonvulsant and other drugs on its basis.The purpose of this study was to study the lipid-lowering effect of the azomethine derivative 2-amino-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1-benzothiophene-3-carboxamide, a substance under the laboratory code BF-10, on some indicators of lipid metabolism in healthy rats and under pathological conditions with experimental hyperlipidemia. Atorvastatin was chosen as the reference drug. Determination of biochemical parameters of lipid metabolism in the blood serum and in the liver homogenate (the content of cholesterol, triglycerides, total lipids, LDL, VLDL and HDL) was determined by unified biochemical methods using standard Olvex Diagnosticum kits on a Dixion Torus 120 analyzer. Based on the analysis of the obtained data on the effect of the BF-10 substance on lipid metabolism, it can be concluded that they are comparable with the action of the highly effective reference drug atorvastatin, which allows us to expand information on the spectrum of biological activity of azomethine derivatives and consider the compound under the laboratory code BF-10 promising for further development.
PHYSIOLOGICAL REORGANIZATIONS OF THYROID SECRETION IN LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICERS DEPENDING ON THE INTENSITY OF PROFESSIONAL RISK
Authors: R.V. Kubasov , Yu.E. Barachevsky , A.M. Ivanov , V.V. Lupachev
Published: February 2023

Dangerous professions are associated with working conditions in which work factors cause a threat to the life of an employee and a high risk of injury. Employees of law enforcement agencies (the armed forces, law enforcement agencies, emergency staffs) are included in the list of dangerous professions. Their work is associated with the presence of a threat to life and health, psychological and physical overstrain, fatigue, suddenness of events with a shortage of time, information overload, etc. Their adaptive mechanisms are often distorted. Among them, one of the most vulnerable is the endocrine system. The aim is to study the hormonal supply of the body with the pituitary – thyroid gland system in persons of dangerous professions (law enforcement officers) at various levels of professional strain. Materials and methods: in different groups of law enforcement officers (combatants, regular policemen, cadets), a study was conducted to identify the features of thyroid hormone status (thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) were determined). The results of the study: the analysis of the results showed the presence of statistically significant differences in most of the studied indicators between the study groups. In the group of combatants, the average level of TSH and T3 is higher compared to other participants in the study. Thus, the dependence of the secretory function of the pituitary-thyroid link of endocrine regulation on the nature of service and the degree of professional load is statistically proved. It is concluded that the identified features of the thyroid secretory function in law enforcement officers are an adaptive response to various requirements during the performance of professional duties. It is assumed that with prolonged exposure to stress factors, prolonged hormonal stress, dysfunctions of their regulation are possible, leading to disruption of interhormonal interactions, probable disruption of the adaptation process and maintenance of homeostasis in general.
EVOLUTION, CURRENT STATE OF DOMESTIC SANITARY AVIATION AND PERSPECTIVES OF ITS USE
Authors: I.Yu. Menshutin , R.V. Kubasov , E.D. Kubasova , A.G. Kalinin , N.A. Martynova
Published: February 2023

The use of air transport makes it possible to quickly evacuate patients from areas that are difficult to reach for land transport. It allows to quickly deliver patients over long distances to medical facilities. The evolution of air ambulance in the regions of Russia, the experience of medical support of natural disasters and catastrophes in recent years indicates an increasing role in ensuring timely delivery of patients to the stages of medical evacuation to provide the necessary medical care. Currently, it is generally recognized that this method of evacuation is irreplaceable and its importance cannot be overestimated. Evacuation by destination by air transport includes a set of measures. The outcome of treatment of patients and victims in extreme and emergency situations largely depends on the effectiveness of their implementation. In modern conditions, the evacuation of patients by air acquires a special, sometimes decisive role in preserving human life. The importance of air ambulance during natural disasters and catastrophes is increasing. However, it is in the case of sanitary aviation that careful consideration of all the features of the use of air transport is necessary in order to ensure maximum safety during evacuation.
International and domestic experience of using aviation to transport patients has shown the high importance of this type of medical evacuation. Thanks to it, the treatment of patients affected by natural disasters and catastrophes can be carried out on the spot, in nearby medical organizations (paramedic and obstetric center, outpatient clinic, district, district, central district hospital), as well as in hospitals located at a great distance. Medical evacuation measures should be planned taking into account the availability and location of specialized medical institutions of various state structures and departments of the Russian Federation, primarily the Ministry of Health, the Federal Medical and Biological Agency, medical services of the Ministry of Defense, the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the Ministry of Emergency Situations. At the same time, their equipment with modern medical equipment, the state of evacuation routes, sanitary transport and general-purpose transport available to the medical service and other factors are crucial.
BRAIN-PROTECTIVE ACTIVITY OF A NOVEL COMPOUND – A HYDROXYPYRIDINE DERIVATIVE
Authors: K.I. Belanov , R.M. Turmulaeva , E.A. Eliseikina , N.D. Bunyatyan , D.E. Timoshkin , P.S. Zamyshlyaev , E.V. Blinova
Published: February 2023

The cerebroprotective activity of a new compound 3-hydroxypyridine with ascorbic acid residue 3-EA was studied. The substance was synthesized at JSC All-Union Research Center of Biological Compounds Safety. Experiments were performed on 15 male Sprague-Dawley rats, which were unilaterally occluded under isoflurane anesthesia. Animals were randomly divided into 3 groups: sham-operated, control with ischemia, and experimental group, in which rats received 3-EA solution intravenously for 7 days after pathology modeling at a daily dose of 18 mg/kg. The rats of the first two groups received an equivalent volume of isotonic 0.9% sodium chloride solution. On days 1, 3 and 7, the neurological picture was recorded. On the 7th day, the volume of brain damage was assessed in the MTT test, and the degree of morphological disorders was determined in the prepared Nissl-stained sections. The results were evaluated by the methods of variation statistics. We found that the introduction of 3-EA at a dose of 18 mg/kg is accompanied by a decrease in the volume of ischemic damage to the brain tissue on the side of occlusion of the middle cerebral artery by an average of 17%, while when compared with animals in the control series, a reduction of more than two times is observed. the number of dead neurons against the background of a decrease in the depth of pathomorphological changes in the brain substance. With a dynamic assessment of the degree of neurological deficit (in the form of motor disorders and changes in sensitivity), there is an acceleration in the recovery of lost functions in the animals of the experimental group when compared with the control.
A METHOD FOR PREDICTING THE RISK OF DEVELOPING BRONCHIAL ASTHMA IN CHILDREN 7 YEARS AND YOUNGER WITH A BURDENED ALLERGIC HISTORY
Authors: P.V. Berezhanskij , T.A. Gutyrchik , Y.V. Vekshina , N.A. Gutyrchik , N.A. Shapiev , T.I. Ushina
Published: February 2023

Allergic respiratory diseases remain one of the most common chronic respiratory diseases in children today. Most of the onset of these diseases occurs in young children. The prognosis and course of respiratory allergic diseases is affected by timely diagnosis and adequate pathogenetic therapy. Nail-fold capillaroscopy is a non-invasive way to evaluate changes in the microvasculature in patients. The revealed changes in the microvasculature can be a prognostic method for assessing the risk of developing bronchial asthma in early age, with an aggravated allergic history. The purpose of this study was to simplify and improve the accuracy of forecasting the formation of bronchial asthma in young children with a burdened allergic history by increasing the objectivity and informativeness of the parameters of microcirculatory disorders using the computerized nail bed capillaroscopy. In a polyclinic, capillaroscopy of the nail-fold was performed in 150 children aged 1 to 7 years who had a burdened allergic history and were in remission for more than 2 months. Based on the data obtained, the following statistical indicators were calculated: the diameter of the venular part of the capillaries, the rate of capillary blood flow, the number of functioning capillaries per unit area. It was found that in patients with an aggravated allergic history, when assessing microcirculation, an increase in the diameter of the venular part of the capillaries, a decrease in the rate of capillary blood flow, and an increase in the number of functioning capillaries were determined. During the follow-up observation of these patients for 5 years, 34 patients (29.82%) were diagnosed with bronchial asthma.
REHABILITATION OF THE UPPER LIMB AFTER A FRACTURE OF THE RADIAL EPIMETAPHYSIS
Authors: L.Y. Gizatulina , R.I. Mullin , Y.H. Ibragimov , A.Р. Skvortsov
Published: February 2023

The medical and social significance of fractures of the epimetaphysis of the radius is due to the high frequency of their occurrence in patients of different ages, as well as the often unsatisfactory results of conservative and surgical treatment. One of the reasons for the insufficient recovery of the function of the upper limb is inadequate rehabilitation. The main tasks of rehabilitation after a fracture of the epimetaphysis of the radius include restoring the function of the affected upper limb, self-care skills, ability to work, social activity of the patient, as well as improving the quality of his life. Often the development of complications is associated with insufficient motor activity of the patient, therefore, rehabilitation measures should be started immediately after immobilization of the limb during conservative treatment or bandaging after surgery. The most optimal rehabilitation strategy is a multidisciplinary approach, taking into account the individual needs of the patient, while the members of the multidisciplinary team use the main provisions of the International Classification of Functioning, Disabilities and Health when drawing up a rehabilitation program. In order to rehabilitate the upper limb after a fracture of the epimetaphysis of the radius, a set of measures is used: various methods of physiotherapy exercises, mechanotherapy, physiotherapy, occupational therapy, drug treatment, and psychological assistance. To analyze the effectiveness of rehabilitation, a number of clinical and instrumental methods are used, as well as modern scales and questionnaires that allow you to analyze the results of the measures taken based on the assessments given by patients.