bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Retinopathy With Variant of Unknown Significance and Atypical Chorioretinal Coloboma in the Setting of Prematurity
Authors: Kiryakoza Lauren , Cruz Natasha Ferreira Santos da , Hoyek Sandra , Berrocal Audina M.
Published: February 2024

A 37-week-old girl underwent ophthalmic examination. Born at 32 weeks, the infant weighed 680 grams and received high-flow nasal cannula for respiratory distress of the newborn. Dilated fundus examination of the right eye revealed an atypical chorioretinal coloboma; the left eye revealed hyperpigmentary changes in the macula. Fluorescein angiography of both eyes showed retinal vascularization to zone II. Genetic testing revealed a heterozygous variant of uncertain significance in the catenin Alpha 1 (CTNNA1) gene. CTNNA1 gene abnormalities have been implicated as causes of familial exudative vitreoretinopathy (FEVR). It is important to recognize possible simultaneous retinopathy of prematurity and FEVR.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
2024;55:285–288.]
Coefficient bounds for certain families of bi-Bazilevič and bi-Ozaki-close-to-convex functions
Authors: Hidan Muajebah , Wanas Abbas Kareem , Khudher Faiz Chaseb , Murugusundaramoorthy Gangadharan , Abdalla Mohamed
Published: February 2024

The aim of this work is to introduce two families, $ \mathcal{B}_{\Sigma}(\wp; \vartheta) $ and $ \mathcal{O}_{\Sigma}(\varkappa; \vartheta) $, of holomorphic and bi-univalent functions involving the Bazilevič functions and the Ozaki-close-to-convex functions, by using generalized telephone numbers. We determinate upper bounds on the Fekete-Szegö type inequalities and the initial Taylor-Maclaurin coefficients for functions in these families. We also highlight certain edge cases and implications for our findings.
Sexually transmitted infections and dating app use
Authors: Orellana Carlos Bustamante , Lyerla Jordan , Martin Aaron , Milner Fabio
Published: February 2024

Incidence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) is rising sharply in the United States. Between 2014 and 2019, incidence among men and women has increased by 62.8% and 21.4%, respectively, with an estimated 68 million Americans contracting an STI in 2018.a Some human behaviors impacting the expanding STI epidemic are unprotected sex and multiple sexual partners.b Increasing dating app usage has been postulated as a driver for increases in the numbers of people engaging in these behaviors. Using the proposed model, it is estimated that both STI incidence and prevalence for females and males have increased annually by 9%–15% between 2015 and 2019 due to dating apps usage, and that STI incidence and prevalence will continue to increase in the future. The model is also used to assess the possible benefit of in-app prevention campaigns.

ahttps://www.cdc.gov/nchhstp/newsroom/fact-sheets/std/STI-Incidence-Prevalence-Cost-Factsheet.htm

bA. N. Sawyer, E. R. Smith, and E. G. Benotsch. Dating application use and sexual risk behavior among young adults. Sexuality Research and Social Policy, 15:183–191, 2018.
Future Trends and Emerging Threats in Drone Cybersecurity
Authors: Sindiramutty Siva Raja , Jhanjhi Noor Zaman , Tan Chong Eng , Khan Navid Ali , Shah Bhavin , Yun Khor Jia , Ray Sayan Kumar , Jazri Husin , Hussain Manzoor
Published: February 2024

The rapid proliferation of drone technology has ushered in a new era of innovation and convenience across various industries. However, this technological advancement has also given rise to a host of cybersecurity challenges that demand proactive attention. This chapter delves into the dynamic landscape of drone security, exploring the evolving trends and emerging threats that shape this field. Beginning with an overview of drone technology advancements, including the integration of artificial intelligence and machine learning, this chapter examines their implications for cybersecurity. It then scrutinizes the growing influence of drone swarms and autonomous operations, pinpointing the associated cybersecurity challenges and strategies for securing these systems. The chapter explores the expansion of drone operations beyond visual line of sight (BVLOS) and the cybersecurity risks involved, emphasizing the importance of secure communications and legal considerations.
A Framework for Developing Deeper Self-Directed Learning in Computer Science Education
Authors: van Zyl Sukie
Published: February 2024

To prepare students for the challenges of the Fifth Industrial Revolution, it is essential to cultivate deeper self-directed learning (DSDL) in computer science education. The process of DSDL empowers students to take ownership of their learning, enabling them to transfer their knowledge and skills to unfamiliar contexts. The proposed DSDL framework is anchored in cognitive load theory and social constructivism and draws upon three core concepts: the organization of course content; teaching and learning methods rooted in cooperative learning; and the characteristics of tasks. The importance of structuring course content to offer an initial holistic overview of key concepts, followed by deeper cycles of revisiting and reinforcing these concepts is underscored. Teaching and learning methods, such as cooperative pair programming and cooperative pair problem solving, are recommended. Moreover, the framework advocates for the adoption of a whole-task approach, involving authentic, complex tasks that encourage students to grapple with challenges and to learn from their failures.
Introducing Computational Thinking and Coding to Teacher Education Students
Authors: Bai Hua
Published: February 2024

The purpose of this chapter is to report a study that examined the development of teacher education students' computational thinking (CT) knowledge and coding skills in a graduate educational technology class. In this class, the students learned about CT and coding over four consecutive weeks. Twenty-one students participated in the study. The results indicated that the participants developed a foundational understanding of CT and coding. They recognized the value of integrating CT and coding into education, but they would hesitate to engage their students in coding activities in classrooms. Teachers' knowledge and skills, students' knowledge and skills, technology accessibility and in-class time management were four major concerns that the participants expressed in the study. Practical implications of the results were discussed to provide a reference for including CT and coding in educational technology classes.
Introducing Computer Science Education Through Robotics Education in Community-Engaged Contexts
Authors: Gouws Patricia M. , Lotriet Hugo H.
Published: February 2024

The introduction of computer science education (CSE) in schools is required to prepare the learners for future work and develop the required 21st century skills. However, for competent and confident learners, the educators need to be upskilled and trained to develop CSE teaching capacity and skills. The use of robotics education (RE) provides a more concrete (less abstract) environment for the introduction of CSE. Although CSE is introduced at schools, concern relates to the required access to quality training, required equipment and support from gatekeepers that delay or hinder the advancement of CSE. The good practices for the informal option of CE at higher education institutions (HEI), through engagement with and within a community of practice (COP), to provide access to quality CSE training and skills development to educators, visionary community leaders and learners is presented in terms of the balanced scorecard (BSC) perspectives of strategy, process, people, resources and growth and sustainability.
Scientific Thought and Domains of Business Administration
Authors: Şengöz Murat
Published: February 2024

The trajectory of scientific development has demonstrated a continuous acceleration throughout history. This acceleration has facilitated the emergence of various interdisciplinary domains of expertise. Concurrently, the ongoing evolution of scientific paradigms has resulted in increased specialization and compartmentalization within the scientific community. This trend has, in turn, fostered the development of novel eclectic disciplines, exemplified by the emergence of business administration as a notable instance. In this context, a discernible accumulation of substantial knowledge concerning business administration as an eclectic discipline has manifested, complemented by the documentation of innovative scientific approaches. Consequently, this study aims to elucidate the scientific dimension of business administration within the framework of scientific evolution and contemplation. In summary, the review furnishes a comprehensive portrayal of the evolutionary trajectory of business administration and its integration with scientific methodologies.
Decoding the Human Canvas
Authors: Sana Usman , Shakil Muhammad Haseeb , Abbas Usman , Mukarram Muhammad , Ali Faiza , Tayyab Mishal
Published: February 2024

This chapter explores the synergies between facial profiling, machine learning, and emotion detection, revealing their impact on human psychology. It details the meticulous process of facial profiling and its applications in marketing, security, and human-computer interaction. The symbiotic relationship with machine learning advances facial recognition, sentiment analysis, and predictive applications. Emotion detection, a subset, finds diverse applications from mental health to virtual reality. The methodology stresses data quality and ethical considerations. The chapter serves as a beacon for researchers and practitioners, navigating the responsible integration of technology into psychology.
Plogging, Running Towards Sustainability
Authors: Morales Salvador Baena , Martínez-Mirambell Carlos , Urrea-Solano Mayra
Published: February 2024

Plogging, a combination of running and picking up trash, is a practical activity that contributes to personal and planetary care, aligning with several Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The benefits of plogging include improving physical and mental health, promoting environmental awareness, and fostering community cohesion. In an educational context, plogging can be integrated into physical education classes as a valuable tool for education for sustainable development (ESD). Despite the limited previous literature, plogging presents fundamentals to grow and become a key component of action towards sustainability. Therefore, in this chapter, the authors analyze the virtues that this physical exercise practice has as an effective tool of the ESD that inspires transformative action towards achieving the SDGs and creating a more sustainable future among young people.
Digital Literacy in the EFL Classroom
Authors: Pradas-Esteban Francisco
Published: February 2024

Information and communication technologies (ICT) have revolutionized 21st century society by the incorporation of a wide range of digital tools in individuals' daily life. In education, the use of new technologies affects students, future teachers, and in-service teachers, as they need to be trained for proper utilization. The aim of this research is to analyze the already existing literature with the regard to what extent EFL pre-service and in-service teachers' level of digital literacy skills affect the linguistic skills development in the EFL classroom. The study sheds light about the importance of a high-quality digital literacy training for EFL students and teachers, as this is the only way to overcome the barriers towards the achievement of digitally literate students and to meaningfully promote the linguistic skills in the foreign language classroom (reading, writing, listening, and speaking).
Fostering Narrative Empathy Through Picture Books in the English as a Foreign Language Classroom
Authors: Berzal-Gracia Paula , Reyes-Torres Agustín , Bataller-Català Alexandre
Published: February 2024

Literacy as well as literary education increasingly play an essential role in English as a foreign language pedagogy. This chapter seeks to establish a relationship between the development of literacy and narrative empathy with primary students in the English as a foreign language classroom. After designing a didactic sequence based on picture books and other multimodal resources and then implementing it in a fourth-grade class, the authors qualitatively assessed students' ability to describe and identify in English the feelings and motivations of literary characters. The findings reveal that primary students reflect upon the narrative and affective situations encountered in the stories they read and were able to engage in a process of meaning-making in English.
Multilingual English-Speaking Caribbean
Authors: García Paula González
Published: February 2024

An increasingly global context with a rapidly growing international migration and the institutionalization of the Caribbean Community (Caricom) as an economic and political unity suggest the need for a language policy in education in the English-speaking Caribbean countries (Antigua and Barbuda, Barbados, Belize, Dominica, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, Montserrat, St. Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname, and Trinidad and Tobago). Language police can provide people with the languages and the linguistic and cultural skills needed for a global personal and professional future. In this chapter, the author will present the multilingual context in the English-speaking Caribbean and the language policies until the present time, the recent foreign language policies, and the challenges these countries will face in creating a language policy.
Digital Footprints and the Battle for Data Sovereignty
Authors: Sharma Ishani , Aggarwal Arun
Published: February 2024

In the age of digitization, concerns about digital security and data ownership are paramount. The chapter investigates the cyber threatscape, noting the role of state-backed collectives. Essential defense tools, such as encryption and two-factor authentication, are contrasted with significant breaches like the 2014 Yahoo incident. The commodification of personal data by tech giants for advertising underlines the urgent need for clear data ownership guidelines. The balance between online utility and privacy is challenging, with corporations holding significant power due to vast data reserves. A proposed “digital bill of rights” could provide a universal rights-tech alignment. Future challenges lie in AI implications and the rise of quantum computing, leading towards “surveillance capitalism.” Solutions involve quantum-resistant cryptography, AI-data safeguards, and enhancing digital literacy. The chapter advocates for balancing digital advancement with individual rights for a secure digital future.
The Issues and Challenges Faced by Faculty Members for Using Information Communication Technology
Authors: Bawa Simerjeet Singh , Verma Rajit , Khurana Sunayna , Singh Ram , Kumar Vinod , Gupta Meenu , Kaur Mandeep , Upadhyaya Makarand
Published: February 2024

There are several challenges with ICT use in education, notably moral and legal ones. Both educators and learners ought to have a basic awareness of the challenges and issues related to using ICT in the classroom. In respective capacities as teachers, students, or potential teachers, they must be beyond criticism. Incorporating modern technology in education is essential in the digital world, according to an increasing number of studies. Teachers and students have a lot more opportunities to collaborate online since educational programmes incorporate information and communication technology (ICT). However, various obstacles could make teachers hesitant to use ICT in the classroom and hinder them from introducing supplementary materials. Examining the challenges associated with implementing ICT in education can help educators get over them and incorporate the technology into routine instruction. The objective of this chapter is to learn more about how teachers view the obstacles and difficulties that impede them from integrating ICT in the classroom.
Responsible AI
Authors: Singh Prathmesh , Upadhyaya Arnav , Singh Nripendra
Published: February 2024

Metaverse uses artificial intelligence and machine learning along with augmented reality to create immersive digital experiences where users can interact with other users and computer-generated environments. This creates new ways for people to connect, collaborate, experience digital content, and opens up exciting new possibilities. It also creates interesting questions on the responsible use of AI. This chapter will explore what mechanisms and frameworks should be evaluated for responsible AI- which allows humanity to enjoy the benefits of AI on augmented reality platforms like metaverse.
Managing and Monitoring Patient's Healthcare Using AI and IoT Technologies
Authors: Bhambri Pankaj , Khang Alex
Published: February 2024

This book chapter explores the transformative integration of AI and IoT technologies in the realm of healthcare, focusing on their collective impact on patient monitoring. The chapter delves into the emerging trends and challenges associated with the utilization of AI and IoT in the digital healthcare landscape, emphasizing their role in real-time patient monitoring, data analytics, and personalized healthcare solutions. Through an examination of case studies and current applications, the chapter highlights the potential of these technologies to revolutionize patient care by enabling continuous and remote monitoring, early detection of health issues, and data-driven decision-making for healthcare professionals. Furthermore, the chapter addresses the ethical considerations and challenges that accompany the implementation of AI and IoT in healthcare settings. Overall, the chapter provides a comprehensive overview of the innovative ways AI and IoT technologies are reshaping patient monitoring practices, offering insights into the future of digital healthcare.
Deep Learning Frameworks in the Healthcare Industry
Authors: Nivodhini M. K. , Vasuki P. , Banupriya R. , Vadivel S.
Published: February 2024

Applications of deep learning extend to electronic health records (EHR) and predictive analytics, where theoretical models decipher patterns within vast datasets, enabling personalized healthcare strategies and disease progression predictions. Theoretical underpinnings of natural language processing (NLP) in healthcare are explored, emphasizing how algorithms theoretically improve clinical documentation, voice recognition, and patient interaction through virtual assistants. The theoretical exploration of issues such as data privacy, algorithmic bias, and interpretability highlights the complexities of responsibly deploying deep learning in medical decision-making. Personalized medicine, continuous monitoring, and improved disease prognosis emerge as theoretical directions, presenting collaborative opportunities between the technology industry, healthcare providers, and researchers. This abstract encapsulates the theoretical journey, illuminating the potential for enhanced diagnostics, treatment, and patient outcomes.
Healthcare Performance in Predicting Type 2 Diabetes Using Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: Singh Khushwant , Barak Dheerdhwaj
Published: February 2024

The body's imbalanced glucose consumption caused type 2 diabetes, which in turn caused problems with the immunological, neurological, and circulatory systems. Numerous studies have been conducted to predict this illness using a variety of clinical and pathological criteria. As technology has advanced, several machine learning approaches have also been used for improved prediction accuracy. This study examines the concept of data preparation and examines how it affects machine learning algorithms. Two datasets were built up for the experiment: LS, a locally developed and verified dataset, and PIMA, a dataset from Kaggle. In all, the research evaluates five machine learning algorithms and eight distinct scaling strategies. It has been noted that the accuracy of the PIMA data set ranges from 46.99 to 69.88% when no pre-processing is used, and it may reach 77.92% when scalers are used. Because the LS data set is tiny and regulated, accuracy for the dataset without scalers may be as low as 78.67%. With two labels, accuracy increases to 100%.
Internet of Medical Laboratory Things (IoMLTs) in the High-Tech Healthcare Industry
Authors: Obeta Uchejeso Mark , Lawrence Alexander , Etukudoh  , Ejinaka Obiora Reginald , Ibanga Imoh Etim
Published: February 2024

Internet of medical laboratory things (IoMLTs) is the use of internet and associated applications and package to carry out medical laboratory diagnosis, transmission, and storage of results for the sake of treatment, research and public health issues. Internet of medical laboratory things is a reality and has grown from the time of internet discovery to the extent that all stages of medical laboratory practice cannot be completed in this era. IoMLTs was multiplied during COVID-19 ranging from laboratory education to training and diagnosis. The internet of things started with other professional practices like banking and finance, production companies and healthcare in general. The associated characteristics of IoMLTs includes connectivity, dynamic changes, safety, heterogeneity, enormous scale, interconnectivity, and things-related services.
Middle School Mathematics Achievement
Authors: Ragusa Gisele , Huang Shaobo , Levonisova Svetlana
Published: February 2024

Teacher professional development is often proposed as a means for improving students' achievement; however, few studies have been successful in empirically connecting teacher inservice interventions to their students' achievement gains, and especially in mathematics. The research presents results of a longitudinal study of an inservice teacher professional development that had as its primary purpose to improve middle school students' mathematics achievement. The study utilized a cross-school comparative research approach for the purpose of examining students' math achievement trajectories Hierarchical linear modeling was used for the study's data analyses. Results of the study revealed that the teacher professional development intervention had positive impacts on both the participating teachers and their middle school students. The participating students' achievement improved significantly for those whose teachers participated in the teacher professional development intervention.
Managing the Energy-Saving of College Students
Authors: Wang Xia , Lin Boqiang
Published: February 2024

Gaining a comprehensive understanding of the energy-saving behaviors (ESB) of college students, who represent the backbone of the future society, is imperative for advancing energy conservation initiatives. This paper employs a PLS-SEM model with 2786 valid responses to investigate the determinants of college students' ESB within the comprehensive action determination model (CADM). The results show that (1) the applicability of CADM, including the theory of planned behavior, norm activation model, and ipsative theory of behavior, was confirmed in the context of college students' ESB. (2) The cultivation of energy-saving habits significantly contributes to the promotion of ESB. (3) The availability of energy-saving access has a positive impact on ESB. (4) Media's energy-saving promotional activities positively influence the energy-saving intention. (5) Energy-saving policy incentives exert a positive moderating influence on the transition from energy-saving intentions to ESB. Based on these empirical findings, this paper provides specific and target policy recommendations.
From the Editor…
Authors:  Karunananda P. A. K.
Published: February 2024

No abstract available
Evaluation of Subgrade Resilient Modulus using CBR Test Data to Facilitate Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design (MEPD)
Authors: Ariyarathne B. H. T. , Nawagamuwa U. P.
Published: February 2024

Sri Lankan road pavement design has relied on empirical design guidelines, and it is now transforming to a more modern approach known as the Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design (MEPD) method, aligning with global best practices. One crucial input parameter in this new methodology is the Resilient Modulus (RM) of unbound materials. Determination of RM and establishment of typical values is essential to implement the MEPD. This study has devoted significant attention to the RM evaluation process and developing predictive models for determiningRM from CBR values. Furthermore, typical RMvalues for locally available soil types have been established. In addition to that, ageospatial database has been established with information on soil properties and RMvalues throughout Sri Lanka. This database is a valuable resource for M-E road pavement design, providing quick reference data to conceptual designs and Level 3-MEPD.
Does the Relationship of the Autonomic Symptoms Questionnaire COMPASS 31 with Cardiovascular Autonomic Tests Differ between Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus?
Authors: D’Ippolito Ilenia , Menduni Marika , D’Amato Cinzia , Andreadi Aikaterini , Lauro Davide , Spallone Vincenza
Published: February 2024

Background: The aim was to investigate if autonomic symptoms questionnaire Composite Autonomic Symptom Score (COMPASS) 31 has different association with cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN) and diagnostic performance between type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Methods: Seventy-nine participants with T1DM and 140 with T2DM completed COMPASS 31 before cardiovascular reflex tests (CARTs) for CAN, and assessment of symptoms, signs, vibration, and thermal perception thresholds for diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN) diagnosis.Results: COMPASS 31 total weighted score (TWS) was similar in the two groups, but significantly associated with confirmed CAN only in T1DM (P=0.0056) and not T2DM group (P=0.1768) and correlated with CARTs score more strongly in T1DM (rho=0.356, P=0.0016) than in T2DM group (rho=0.084, P=0.3218) (P=0.016). Only in T1DM and not T2DM group, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) reached a fair diagnostic accuracy (>0.7) for confirmed CAN (0.73±0.07 vs. 0.61±0.08) and DPN (0.75±0.06 vs. 0.68±0.05), although without a significant difference. COMPASS 31 TWS (cut-off 16.44) reached acceptable diagnostic performance in T1DM, with sensitivity for confirmed CAN 81.2% and sensitivity and specificity for DPN 76.3% and 78%, compared to T2DM group (all <70%). AUC for DPN of orthostatic intolerance domain was higher in T1DM compared to T2DM group (0.73±0.05 vs. 0.58±0.04, P=0.027).Conclusion: COMPASS 31 is more weakly related to CAN in T2DM than in T1DM, with a fair diagnostic accuracy for confirmed CAN only in T1DM. This difference supports a multifactorial origin of symptoms and should be considered when using COMPASS 31.
The Effect of Dextrose Hypotonic vs Saline Hydration on Methotrexate-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Male and Female Rats
Authors: Hasanpour Zahra , Choopani Samira , Ashrafi Farzaneh , Talebi Ardeshir , Nematbaksh Mehdi
Published: February 2024

Background:

High-dose methotrexate (HDMTX) as a cytotoxic agent might cause various side effects. Hyperhydration has been implemented as the major strategy to decrease the potential risk of toxicities induced by HDMTX. This study aims to assess the renoprotective effect of hydration with dextrose water (DW) 5% versus normal saline (N/S) 0.9% against methotrexate (MTX) induced nephrotoxicity.

Materials and Methods:

This experimental animal study has been conducted on 36 Wistar rats (200–250 g) categorized into six groups, including male (n = 6) and female (n = 6) rats receiving sodium chloride 0.9% saline plus MTX, DW 5% plus MTX, or MTX alone. By the fifth day after the MTX injection, biochemical indexes were measured. The rats were also sacrificed and renal specimens were evaluated microscopically to determine kidney tissue damage (KTD).

Results:

The groups were not significantly different with regard to blood urea nitrogen (BUN) (P = 0.5), creatinine (Cr) (P = 0.24), kidney weight (P = 0.34), and urine flow (UF) (P = 0.5), while KTD score was remarkably less in the hydrated groups (P < 0.001). Weight loss in DW-treated rats was significantly more than N/S-treated ones, and creatinine clearance (CrCl) and urine load (UL) of Cr were statistically similar between males and females in the control group, but significantly lower among the DW5% treated males.

Conclusion:

Based on the findings of this study, hydration with N/S was superior to DW5% for the prevention from HDMTX-induced nephrotoxicity. Besides, we found insignificant differences between male versus female rats in response to the hydration for HDMTX-induced renoprotection; however, females probably benefit more.
Toll-Like Receptor 4, 2, and Interleukin 1 Receptor Associated Kinase4: Possible Diagnostic Biomarkers in Myelodysplastic Syndrome Patients
Authors: Khalilian Parvin , Eskandari Nahid , Sharifi Mohammad Jafar , Soltani Mohammad , Nematollahi Pardis
Published: February 2024

Background:

Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is a clonal hematologic disorder that requires the integration of morphologic, cytogenetic, hematologic, and clinical findings for a successful diagnosis. Trying to find ancillary tests such as biomarkers improve the diagnosis process. Several studies showed that a disordered immune system is associated with MDS. The chronic activated innate immune system, particularly the Toll-like receptors (TLRs) pathway could be involved in the induction of the inflammation.

Materials and Methods:

In the present study, we investigated the expression of TLR2, TLR4, and IRAK4 in bone marrow (BM) of MDS patients, the leukemia group, and the healthy group. For this purpose, we assessed the expression of TLR2, TLR4, and IRAK4 by real time-PCR.

Results:

In line with new findings, we demonstrated that the expression of TLR2, TLR4, and IRAK4 significantly increased in MDS BM compared with the healthy group. Moreover, IRAK4 expression raised significantly in MDS patients compared with other studied hematologic neoplasms. Also, the expression levels of TLR2 and TLR4 significantly increased in MDS in comparison to some studied non-MDS malignancies (P ˂ 0.05). Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis and area under the curve (AUC) suggested that the expression of TLR2, TLR4, and IRAK4 (AUC = 0.702, AUC = 0.75, and AUC = 0.682, respectively) had acceptable diagnostic values to identify MDS from the other understudied leukemias.

Conclusion:

Overall, the expression of TLR2, TLR4, and IRAK4 could be potential biomarkers for discriminating MDS from some hematologic disorders.
Role of ehealth literacy, learning styles, and patterns of web-based e-content access for seeking health information among dental university students in Vadodara, India
Authors: Iyer Ramya R. , Sethuraman Rajesh
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND:

Individual’s learning style, ehealth literacy, and preferred web-based e-content and channel to access information determines how one makes sense of health information on the Internet. Understanding these dynamics will help design suitable e-contents and choose appropriate channels for effective health communication. To assess the relationship between ehealth literacy, learning styles, and web-based e-content accessed for receiving health information among dental college students in Vadodara, India.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

A cross-sectional questionnaire study was conducted among all consenting Undergraduate Students (UGs), interns, and Postgraduate Students (PGs) of a dental college in Vadodara, India, from July to August 2022. The questionnaire used to collect data included questions on general information, eHealth literacy scale (eHEALS), Visual Auditory Reading/Writing Kinaesthetic (VARK) Questionnaire, and preferences of web-based e-content for receiving health information. Completely filled questionnaires were subject to statistical analysis: descriptive (means and percentages) and inferential (analysis of variance tests and odds ratio).

RESULTS:

285 out of 380 students filled out the questionnaires completely (75% response rate). All reported using Internet for receiving health information. Majority preferred textual ehealth message (71%) and access websites (80%). Students were quadmodal (98.%) and trimodal (2%) learners who learned predominantly through kinaesthetic methods (46%). Mean eHEALS score of the group was 30.27 ± 3.41. There was a statistically significant association between preference for sharing channels and being a kinaesthetic learner (OR = 1.6; P = 0.04).

CONCLUSIONS:

Participants were multi-modal, predominantly kinaesthetic learners. The association between the preference for video-sharing channels and being kinaesthetic learner suggests the need and scope for demonstrative and interactive video-based health educational tools, with the endorsement of health authorities based on health policy.
Disorder and rehabilitation: The paradox of digital games and vulnerabilities
Authors: Darvenkumar T. , Rajasekaran W. Christopher
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND:

The impact of digital gaming on human health, both mental and physical, can be both positive and negative. However, excessive gaming can lead to gaming disorders, which are a cause for concern. With the pandemic, online classes became more common, leading to an increase in gaming-related disorders and even suicides. While the combination of education and fun in online gaming can be beneficial, it can also be a risk for gaming disorders and suicide. This study aimed to explore this paradox and provide safety measures to prevent gaming disorders.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

A qualitative research methodology with exploratory and discourse analysis was used in the study. Several real-life incidents related to the research were gathered from newspaper research articles, media, and existing theses. The researchers used textual interpretation in secondary sources to identify the paradox of digital games and vulnerabilities.

RESULTS:

This research article focuses on the various benefits and harmful effects of digital games on individuals’ mental and physical health. The research findings were presented based on true events that occurred in and around India. The results of the current study specified that gaming disorders were pushing individuals toward mental disorders and suicide. It is crucial to implement preventive measures to address this issue.

CONCLUSION:

According to the study, people who suffer from excessive gaming disorders may experience anxiety, depression, and even suicidal thoughts, which can have negative effects on society. To address this issue, it is helpful to monitor and control individuals’ digital game usage and provide informative sessions on how to use digital games properly. While it may not be possible to completely ban the use of digital games, certain restrictions can be put in place. Educating individuals on both the benefits and drawbacks of digital gaming and the rapid technological advancements is essential. Through proper education, it is possible to reduce the number of suicides among gamers and individuals.
Navigating Infertility Care: The Impact of the Art (Regulation) Act 2021
Authors: Manisha  , Tarway Nimesh Kumar , Kumari Puja
Published: February 2024

Aims and Objectives:

This research paper critically analyzes the ART Act 21 by examining its key provisions and assessing its strengths, weaknesses, and implementation.

Materials and Methods:

This research summarizes the various notifications related to the act and analyses its impact on infertility care, in terms of positive outcome, possible legal challenges, hurdles in function and suggestions for future, based on semi-structured interviews with multiple experts working at different in vitro fertilization centers.

Results:

The analysis shows that the ART Act 21 sets standards and guidelines for ART clinics and ART banks. The act aims to ensure that infertility treatments are regulated and conducted ethically. However, the ART Act 21 has some limitations pertaining to enforcement mechanisms, cost of treatment, cryopreservation of gametes/embryos, research and innovation, and inclusion in public health.

Conclusion:

To address these limitations, the research paper suggests several suggestions for future consideration during the review of the impact of the ART Act 21 after wider discussion, such as providing explicit definitions of genetic disorders, robust enforcement mechanisms, greater access to affordable treatment, cryopreservation provisions, consideration of technological advancement, inclusion in public health, and provisions for insurance cover.
Limb Amputations in a Tertiary Care Hospital, North India: A Cross-sectional Epidemiological Study – Can We Prevent This?
Authors: Reddy G. Parameswar , Hari Pothina Sree , Sahu Sashibushan , Kumar Manish , Varma Chaitanya K , Goyal Vishal
Published: February 2024

Background:

Disability due to limb amputations is a major but preventable public health problem that is associated with profound economic, social, and psychological effects on the patients and their families, especially in developing countries where the supportive (prosthetic) services are meager or almost absent. The purpose of this study was to outline the patterns and indications for limb amputations in a tertiary care center of northern India and to compare our experience with that of other published data.

Materials and Methods:

This was an observational study conducted at a tertiary care hospital in northern India. All the patients who underwent limb amputations at this hospital between January 2018 and April 2020 were included in the study.

Results:

A total of 37 patients underwent various amputations during the study period. The age group ranged between 12 and 80 years (mean of 54.9 years) and the most effected age group was between 50 and 60 years (45%). Males outnumbered females with a ratio of 4:1. When the pattern of amputations was studied, 34 were lower limb amputations and 3 were upper limb amputations. On subcategorization, 45% underwent below-knee amputations followed by above-knee amputations (29%). Diabetes mellitus was the most common cause, followed by trauma and peripheral arterial disease.

Conclusion:

Complications of diabetic foot ulcers and trauma resulting from road traffic accidents were the most common indications for major limb amputation in our study. Implementation of comprehensive care for diabetes by multidisciplinary approach via diabetic clinics at all the hospitals can help in reducing the complications of diabetes thus reducing the disability due to amputations. Road traffic accidents can also be reduced or prevented by implementing stricter laws and increasing the social awareness.
Examining the Influence of Security Perception on Customer Satisfaction: A Quantitative Survey in Vietnam
Authors: Trang Ta Thi Nguyet , Thang Pham Chien , Quy Tran Quang
Published: February 2024

INTRODUCTION: This study explores the elements that impact consumer satisfaction in e-commerce settings, focusing on the perception of security. The prominence of e-commerce highlights the necessity of understanding customer satisfaction determinants, emphasizing the importance of creating a secure e-commerce environment.
OBJECTIVES: Four hypotheses focused on security perception, customer service, product information, and website design affecting customer satisfaction were established and tested. A sample of Vietnamese consumers was utilized to examine these relationships empirically.
METHODS: This study employed a quantitative research approach. The multiple linear regression analysis was used to test the research hypothesis. The SPSS (IBM) Version 26 software was used for statistical data treatment.
RESULTS: The results revealed that security perception, customer service, and product information significantly influenced customer satisfaction, whereas website design did not. Notably, security perception emerged as a critical determinant of customer satisfaction. The outcomes of this study augment the existing scholarly resources, offering substantiated data concerning the significance of security perceptions in influencing customer gratification.
CONCLUSION: Practical implications for online retailers include prioritizing enhancing security features, improving customer service, and providing comprehensive product information. However, this study may restrict the generalizability of the results, highlighting the need for additional research in various circumstances.
Finite impulse response design based on two‐level transpose Vedic multiplier for medical image noise reduction
Authors: Prasad Joghee , Rajasekaran Arun Sekar , Ajayan J. , Gurumoorthy Kambatty Bojan
Published: February 2024

Medical signal processing requires noise and interference‐free inputs for precise segregation and classification operations. However, sensing and transmitting wireless media/devices generate noise that results in signal tampering in feature extractions. To address these issues, this article introduces a finite impulse response design based on a two‐level transpose Vedic multiplier. The proposed architecture identifies the zero‐noise impulse across the varying sensing intervals. In this process, the first level is the process of transpose array operations with equalization implemented to achieve zero noise at any sensed interval. This transpose occurs between successive array representations of the input with continuity. If the continuity is unavailable, then the noise interruption is considerable and results in signal tampering. The second level of the Vedic multiplier is to optimize the transpose speed for zero‐noise segregation. This is performed independently for the zero‐ and nonzero‐noise intervals. Finally, the finite impulse response is estimated as the sum of zero‐ and nonzero‐noise inputs at any finite classification.
Thermal Optimization of Exhaust Assembly for Tractor
Trailer
Authors: Mukutmoni Devadatta , Gona Kiran , Kandasamy Satheesh , Li Han , Rajagopal Anirudh , Sugiyama Zen
Published: February 2024

The horizontal exhaust in trucks is preferred over the vertical exhaust stack
since the cost of production is lower than that of the vertical stack. The
horizontal exhaust also comes with lower fuel costs since the overall drag
coefficient is lower than that of the vertical stack. However, since a
horizontal exhaust exits into the underbody, it is essential to minimize the
exit temperatures of the exhaust to keep component temperatures within design
limits.

In this study, a shape optimization is executed for the exhaust tip geometry to
reduce exhaust exit temperatures while maintaining exhaust pressure by employing
a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) workflow, using the geometry and morphing
tool PowerDELTA®, coupled simulation approach between PowerFLOW® the flow solver
and PowerTHERM® the thermal solver and Isight® for executing the optimization
objectives.

A good correlation is observed with experimental data for the baseline truck
design. The optimization process significantly reduced the exit temperatures of
the exhaust. The optimal design performance was confirmed by installing the
optimized exhaust geometry to the full vehicle, running the full-vehicle
simulation, and observing a similar reduction in the exit temperature of the
exhaust.
Classroom Management Practices of Teachers in the Scope of Culturally Responsive Teaching
Authors: Sarıdaş Gürkan , Çobanoğlu Fatma
Published: February 2024

Culturally responsive teaching is the design of teaching to enable culturally diverse students to learn by using their cultural characteristics, experiences, and perspectives. The cultural differences of every child require teachers to implement educational practices responsive to cultural values. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the classroom behaviors of teachers with foreign students and their teaching management processes. Based on the information obtained through classroom observations, the opinions of teachers and school principals were taken. The findings indicate that teachers have poor communication with foreign students. On the other hand, it was revealed that they did not have any problems during the teaching process, but they did not make any preparations for foreign students before the lesson, they did not behave responsively to cultural values during the lesson and they considered themselves sufficient in this regard. Within the scope of the findings, it was important to take precautions and provide training to increase teachers' awareness and skills regarding culturally responsive teaching practices both in the pre-service period and in the service.
Görsel Sanatlar Öğretmen Adaylarının Uzaktan Eğitim Sürecinde Uygulamalı Derslerin Ölçme Değerlendirmesine İlişkin Görüşleri
Authors: Şahin Aziz , Dinç Altun Zühal
Published: February 2024

Bu araştırmanın amacı; resim-iş öğretmenliği programı 4. sınıf öğretmen adaylarının, uzaktan eğitim sürecinde almış oldukları uygulamalı derslerin (atölye, grafik, seramik, vs.) ölçme değerlendirmelerine yönelik görüşlerinin incelenmesidir. Araştırmanın deseni; nitel yaklaşıma dayalı, durum çalışmasıdır. Araştırmada veriler yüz yüze yürütülen görüşmeler ile elde edilmiştir. Çalışma grubunu, Trabzon Üniversitesi Resim-İş Öğretmenliği programının 4. sınıfında eğitimine devam eden 12 öğretmen adayı oluşturmaktadır. Katılımcılara uzaktan eğitim sürecinde uygulamalı derslere ait yapılan ölçme değerlendirmelere yönelik yarı yapılandırılmış 6 soru sorulmuş ve görüşleri alınmıştır. Mülakatlar sırasında konuşmalar ses kayıt cihazı kullanılarak kayıt altına alınmış ve daha sonra dikte edilerek yazılı metne dönüştürülmüştür. Veriler içerik analizi yöntemi ile analiz edilmiş ve kategoriler oluşturularak tablolaştırılmıştır. Tablolar katılımcıların görüşlerinden doğrudan alıntılama yapılarak desteklenmiştir. Araştırma sonunda Öğretmen adaylarının ölçme değerlendirmenin ne olduğuna ve neden yapıldığına dair genel bir bilgiye sahip oldukları, uzaktan eğitim sürecinde uygulamalı dersler için yapılan ölçme değerlendirmelere ilişkin olumsuz görüşe sahip oldukları, yüz yüze eğitimde yapılan ölçme değerlendirmelerin hocayla etkileşime geçme ve anında dönüt alma yönünden daha etkili olduğu için uzaktan eğitimde yapılan ölçme değerlendirmelerden memnun olmadıkları sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Araştırmada elde edilen bulgu ve sonuçlar ışığında gerekli önerilerde bulunmuştur.
A Scientific Creativity Scale Development Process for Science Teacher Candidates
Authors: Sisman Hamza Erdem , Aydogan Nilay , Cankaya Ozlem
Published: February 2024

This study aims to prepare a scale to determine the creativity levels of prospective teachers studying at the undergraduate level of science teaching. In this context, 15 questions, suitable for student’s level from physics, chemistry, biology, astronomy and ecology sub-branches were prepared. The questions were assessed by 5 lecturers who were experts in their fields for their opinions. After the expert opinion, the number of questions was determined as 13 and pilot study was carried out with 95 pre-service teachers studying in Inonu University Faculty of Education Science Teacher Education. The data obtained from the pilot study were analyzed by using SPSS 21.0 statistical program according to Multi Surface Rasch Model. In order to determine the reliability of the scale, internal consistency coefficient of Cronbach’s alpha was calculated and found .758. At the end of the research, the data was analyzed and the question number of the scale was determined as 10 according to the analysis results. Studies conducted on scientific creativity generally aimed to measure the scientific creativity of secondary school students. We believe that a deficiency in measuring the scientific creativity of undergraduate students at the academic level will be eliminated with the scale we developed.