bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Abstract Number ‐ 252: High Mortality in Patients with Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage Experiencing Neurological Decline on Mobile Stroke Unit
Authors: Navalkele Digvijaya , Rangaraju Srikant , Srinivas Meghana , Chen Justine , Nemes Bianca , Bianchi Nicolas , Bowry Ritvij , Flemming Carol , Parker Stephanie , Grotta James , Frankel Michael
Published: April 2023

Introduction

Spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Mobile Stroke Unit (MSU) provides a unique opportunity to assess patients in the hyperacute phase of ICH to track outcomes.

Methods

Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of patients with spontaneous ICH diagnosed on two different MSUs in the United States. Patients were divided into three groups based on symptom onset/last known well (LKW): Group 1: 0–1 hours from LKW, Group 2: 1–2 hours from LKW, and Group 3: 2–4 hours from LKW. We compared neurological decline (ND) rates between MSU and Emergency Department (ED) arrival for patients in the three groups. Neurological decline was defined as a decrease in GCS by ≥ 2 points or an increase in NIHSS ≥ 4 points between MSU and ED examination. χ2 test was used to compare the proportion of patients who experience ND between MSU and ED transport. We also assessed and compared pre‐defined factors that could be associated with ND in the three groups. CT scans done on MSU were compared to those done on ED arrival.

Results

Results: Fifty‐fourpatients met the study criteria. The mean age was 62, and 69% were male. Median MSU NIHSS was 18, and median ED NIHSS was 19. The mean MSU GCS was 14, and ED GCS was 12. The mean hematoma volume on the MSU CT head was 21 cc and 24 cc on the ED CT head. Mean MSU MAP was 136, and MAP on ED arrival was 120. Thirty‐three percent (18/54) of patients experienced ND between MSU and ED transport. Forty percent (n = 10/25) patients in group 1, 22% (n = 4/18) in group 2 and 36%(n = 4/11) in group 3 had ND (chi‐square 0.45). Overall, patients with ND experienced significantly high mortality (OR 5.091, p = 0.029, CI 1.24‐20.78). On univariate analysis, variables significantly associated with ND were MSU NIHSS, hematoma volume, and presence of hydrocephalus on MSU CT scan. No variables were significant to predict ND on multivariate analysis (Hematoma Expansion OR 1.028, CI 0.99‐1.05; Hydrocephalus OR 3.70 CI 0.67‐20.43)

Conclusions

Conclusion: One‐thirdof ICH patients experience neurological decline between MSU and ED transport within four hours of symptom onset and are at a significantly higher risk of mortality. Higher ND rates are likely due to earlier diagnosis of ICH on MSU. Due to the smaller sample size, we did not find significant variables associated with ND. However, various ways of providing rapid medical and surgical treatment to these patients should be explored in future studies to assess the effect on functional outcomes.
Abstract Number ‐ 256: Anti‐Thrombotic Therapy for Stroke Prevention in Cervical Artery Dissection: protocol of a multicenter international study
Authors: Shu Liqi , Mandel Daniel , Yaghi Shadi ,   STOP‐CAD Investigators, STOP‐CAD Investigators, STOP‐CAD Investigators
Published: April 2023

Introduction

Cervical artery dissection (CAD) is a common cause of stroke in the young and carries a high risk of early recurrence. Traditionally, the treatment consisted of antithrombotic therapy for at least 3months. There is mixed evidence on whether antiplatelet therapy is as effective as anticoagulation in such patients, and prior studies are limited by small sample size due to the low incidence of CAD, as well as not investigating more modern treatment regimens such as direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC) and increasingly utilized dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) strategies. The Anti‐Thrombotic Therapy for Stroke Prevention in Cervical Artery Dissection (STOP‐CAD)studyaims to compare the safety and effectiveness of different antithrombotic regimens in patients with acute spontaneous CAD. We hypothesize thatdual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) followed by a single agent has comparable safety and efficacy to anticoagulation in patients with CAD.

Methods

STOP‐CAD is amulticenter cross‐sectional international retrospective study.All patientsaged 18–89 years with imaging‐confirmed diagnosis of non‐traumatic CAD treated with antithrombotic therapy will be included. Imaging diagnosis will be adjudicated by the principal investigator from each individual site. Patients present with CAD in the setting of major trauma will be excluded. Baseline demographics, clinical, laboratory and imaging information will becollected. Outcomes include subsequent ischemic stroke, symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage, major hemorrhage, recanalization status, and death within 180 days. We will compare the clinical outcomes between antiplatelet and anticoagulation groups using Cox regression models, and the radiographic outcomes across the two groups using logistic regression models. We will use inverse probability of treatment weighting and adjust for prespecified variable as well as variables that differ between the two groups. We will use propensity score matching with and without replacement for the outcome analyses.

Results

Currently at least 40 international sites have agreed to contribute to this study. Multiple sites have already started the data input process, and more have started the IRB process. We expect the data collection to be completed by the end of December 2022, and the data analysis to be completed by the end of June 2023.

Conclusions

STOP‐CAD will provide real world data comparing the safety and efficacy of DAPT vs. anticoagulation in patients with cervical artery dissection. In addition, multiple sub‐studies will be conducted using the same database on topics such as efficacy of interventional treatment and predictors of poor outcomes.
Abstract Number ‐ 274: Multi‐Tiered Approach to Stroke and Thrombectomy Care in India
Authors: Krothapalli Neeharika , Alberts Mark J
Published: April 2023

Introduction

Stroke is one of the leading causes of morbidity, mortality and healthcare expenditure in India. Acute management of ischemic stroke is a complex, multidisciplinary endeavor that has roots in medical education. However, there is a paucity of data addressing the issue of stroke awareness among the college student population in India. This study was performed as a baseline measure to determine the understanding of stroke and thrombectomy care among both medical and non‐medical college students.

Methods

Medical and non‐medical college students were randomly selected from Andhra Pradesh, Jharkhand and Tamil Nadu states in India to participate in a created survey. The questionnaire was distributed to hundreds of students to assess ability to identify stroke symptoms, knowledge of stroke risk factors and stroke‐related neurointerventional procedures.

Results

A total of 106 survey responses were collected from 59 medical and 47 non‐medical students across various states in India. 61 (57.5%) participants with only 6.6% non‐medical students responded that they were able to recognize a stroke. 45 (42.5%) students with a majority (76.6%) of non‐medical participants reported no prior contact with a stroke patient. Overall, 27 (25.5%) students with 40.7% medical and 6.4% non‐medical participants were able to identify the symptoms of stroke. 59.3% of medical and 14.9% of non‐medical students could recognize associated risk factors. Only 10.6% of non‐medical participants had exposure to stroke education at their institution. 36 (34.0%) participants with 54.2% medical and 8.5% non‐medical students reported prior exposure to neuro intervention. 93.2% of medical and 21.3% of non‐medical students were aware of the time window for administering thrombolysis. 72.9% of medical and 27.7% of non‐medical students were aware of the indication and time window for mechanical thrombectomy. A total of 89 (84.0%) participants responded that the collective efforts of medical society and government would improve stroke awareness and outcomes. Overall, 96 (90.6%) respondents believed there should be more effort to promote stroke awareness.

Conclusions

Our data provides a snapshot of the general awareness of stroke and thrombectomy care in medical and non‐medical student participants. Based on this study, the need to educate the younger generation about stroke is indeed clear. Further, most respondents indicated that increased collaborative effort from medical society would be instrumental in improving access and outcomes. We propose a basic multi‐tiered approach incorporating public health interventions to improve stroke and thrombectomy care in India.
Abstract Number ‐ 281: Clinical and Epidemiological Characteristics of Moyamoya Disease Presenting with Concomitant Autoimmune Conditions
Authors: Brown Nolan , Singh Rohin , Harrison Daniel , Bauman Megan , Seas Andreas , Shahrestani Shane , Gendreau Julian , Gottfried Oren
Published: April 2023

Introduction

Moyamoya disease was first described in the 1950’s. After over six decades, however, the underlying etiology of Moyamoya still remains unknown. It has been postulated that underlying inflammatory or autoimmune (AI) processes may play a role in the development of this condition. In order to further investigate this hypothesis, we studied the clinical and epidemiological attributes of patients with concurrent Moyamoya disease and AI condition(s).

Methods

A systematic review was performed including studies reporting patient level data of Moyamoya disease and concomitant autoimmune disease. Relevant studies were identified using Preferred reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analysis criteria.

Results

There were 739 results of which 149 were included in this study. The first reports of concurrent Moyamoya and AI occurred in 1991 and involved 2 cases of Moyamoya and associated Graves’ disease. These patients were treated with antithyroid medication alone and showed improvement. Altogether, our search yielded a total of 257 patients (192 females, 48 males, 17 unspecified). A total of 158 cases were reported as “Moyamoya Disease” and 99 were reported as “Moyamoya Syndrome/Vasculopathy.” Most cases were ischemic (175 ischemic, 15 hemorrhagic) in nature. Bilaterality of the disease was reported in 130 cases, unilaterality in 34 cases. The most commonly reported ethnicity was Chinese (26 cases), followed by Japanese (17 cases), and Korean (17 cases). The most common co‐presenting AI conditions were Graves’ disease (150 cases, 58.4%), Lupus (26 cases, 10.1%), antiphospholipid syndrome (19 cases, 7.4%), Type 1 Diabetes (19 cases, 7.4%), and Multiple Sclerosis (7 cases, 2.7%).

Conclusions

There are numerous reports describing patients diagnosed with Moyamoya in addition to coexisting AI conditions. Our study shows that the demographic characteristics of co‐presentation align with the common autoimmune (female predominance) and Moyamoya (high east Asian prevalence) attributes. These results warrant further investigation into a possible causal or synergistic relationship between Moyamoya and AI disease.
Abstract Number: LBA13 Relationship Between Vertebral Artery Dominance And Incidence Of Embolic Basilar Artery Occlusion
Authors: Amireh Abdallah , Abbasi Hamidreza , Asnafi Solmaz , Fourcand Farah , Percival Brigitte , Zacharatos Haralabos , Mehta Siddhart , Kirmani Jawad
Published: April 2023

Introduction

Vertebral artery asymmetry due to hypoplasia or early termination is common in the general population with 50% left dominance, 25% right dominance, and 25% codominance. Our aim was to identify if an association exists between vertebral artery dominance and incidence of embolic basilar artery occlusion.

Methods

Retrospective chart review of patients presenting to our comprehensive stroke center with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) secondary to embolic basilar artery occlusion were reviewed. Artery‐to‐artery occlusions related to athersclerotic steno‐occlusive disease or proximal dissection with distal thromboembolism were excluded. Successful recanalization was identified as a modified treatment in cerebral infarction (mTICI) score of 2b and 3. Fisher exact test statistic was used to assess for significant differences in recanalization. Social science statistics software was used for data analysis.

Results

From May 2017 to November 2019, 29 patients with acute basilar occlusions undergoing thrombectomy were identified. Acute basilar artery occlusion patients had a dominant right vertebral artery (31%, n = 9), codominant vertebral arteries (31%, n = 9) and dominant left vertebral artery (38%, n = 11). Successful recanalization of TICI 2b or higher was achieved in 89.6% (n = 26). Difference between successful recanalization and right or left vertebral artery dominance was not statistically significant (Fisher exact test statistic value 0.48).

Conclusions

Our study suggests a higher proportion of our patients presenting with basilar artery occlusion had right vertebral artery dominance or codominant pattern. Larger, studies are needed to validate our results.
Type-Restricted Argument Ellipsis and Generalized Quantifiers
Authors: Landau Idan
Published: April 2023

Theories of argument ellipsis based on PF deletion or LF copying do not generate predictions regarding possible constraints on the semantic type of the elided argument. Yet such constraints obtain, as documented in Landau 2022: only type-e arguments can be targeted by argument ellipsis. Focusing on quantificational arguments here, I show that when they yield readings expressible by type-e denotations, they may elide, but when they denote genuine generalized quantifiers, they may not. Utilizing the restricted range of interpretations made available by choice function binding and E-type pronouns, the analysis derives a number of peculiar scopal properties of indefinite NPs, quantifiers, and exceptive phrases under argument ellipsis.
Revision of the Nearctic Haliplidae (Coleoptera). Corrections and additions I
Authors: van Vondel Bernhard J.
Published: April 2023

Corrections and additions to the Nearctic Haliplidae are presented. Haliplus variomaculatus Brigham & Sanderson, 1973 is synonymized with Haliplus deceptus Matheson, 1912. Some distributional data are added.
Cognitive-Semantic Concept Structuring in Visual Perception and Visual Imagery: Identifying a New Basic Top-Down Processing System for Visual Experience
Authors: Stocker Kurt
Published: April 2023

Visual experience encompasses both visual perception and visual imagery. Using cognitive-semantic analysis, it is outlined how visual experience can be characterized as involving (among other top-down processes) a basic top-down-processing system that is organized by fundamental aspects of the four main Talmyan concept structuring systems (fundamental aspects of configurational structure, perspective, attention, and—not in principle, but quite often—force dynamics). It is proposed that this visual concept structuring represents a thus far unidentified basic top-down-processing system of visual experience which structures the conceptual content of the visual/imagistic stimulus. While Talmyan concept structuring has in the literature thus far mainly been applied to language, the main conclusion of this paper is that Talmyan concept structuring is a basic component of visual top-down processing even when language is not involved. Implications for sensory modalities other than the visual one are discussed, and possible future research is formulated.
Bottom-Up and Top-Down Approaches to Y&C Ministry, Part 2: Finding a Theological Way Forward
Authors: Barfield Robin , Crispin Gareth
Published: April 2023

In part 1 the concepts of top-down and bottom-up approaches were introduced as a helpful way of analysing the landscape of youth and children’s mission and ministry. This second part begins to suggest a constructive solution to the question of bringing the top-down and bottom-up together which understands both divine and human action in and of the individual. James Loder’s appropriation of Chalcedonic descriptions of divine-human connection come together with his analogia Spiritus and understanding of transformation to provide a way of bringing together top-down and bottom-up approaches which can be understood as a form of ‘spiritual structuration.’
Elegiac Subjunctive, or, Secular Variations on Posthumous Personhood
Authors: Sherman David
Published: April 2023

This essay explores the secular imaginary of contemporary elegy, with a focus on writers in the U.S. Comparing recent poems by Natasha Trethewey, Danez Smith, Sam Sax, primarily, I examine variations in the figure of apostrophe addressed to the dead as imaginative critiques of secular hope. These poets use precarious forms of apostrophe to explore the conceptual impasse of posthumous personhood in a secular social world. Their writing disperses this foreclosed subjectivity across other effects, sites, and practices, as an ethical world-building agency. These lyrical attempts to imagine a secular social ontology of being with the dead articulate powerful possibilities for political justice and passionate attachment.
Communal Mourning and Contemporary Elegy in Korean Poetry
Authors: Yi Ivanna Sang Een
Published: April 2023

An extended period of public mourning followed the 2014 Sewol Ferry disaster, one of South Korea’s largest maritime disasters which resulted in over three hundred passenger deaths. This article examines leading contemporary South Korean poet Kim Hyesoon’s narration of collective trauma in her elegy for the dead, Chugŭmŭi chasajŏn (Autobiography of Death, 2016). Drawing on the oral tradition, particularly the songs of female shamans, Kim facilitates a radical empathy with which her speaker enters the physical bodies of the dead and invokes their spirits. Kim’s polyvocal speaker traverses historical memory to excavate these deaths: Autobiography of Death connects the recent loss of life involved in the sinking of the Sewol Ferry with the structural injustice experienced by dissidents who were killed during South Korea’s democratization movement. I argue that Kim places her elegy in the public sphere by engaging the embodied memory of individuals to voice the transhistorical grief of the Korean community.
Primula xingshanensis (Primulaceae), a new species from Hubei, China
Authors: WANG SHI-QIN , YAN HAI-FEI , CHENG ZHI-JIE , WANG YU-BING
Published: April 2023

Primula xingshanensis, a new species of Primula endemic to Hubei Province, China, is described and illustrated. It is morphologically similar to two other species belonging to Primula sect. Auganthus, P. rupestris from West Hubei and South Shaanxi Provinces, and P. sinensis from Guizhou and Sichuan Provinces, but can be easily distinguished from the two by its obovate-spatulate to spatulate and pinnately lobed leaf blade, cuneate leaf base and shorter petioles that are 1.3–4.8 cm long.
Subfamilial placement of the tribe Finotiini and of the genus Ocneridia (Orthoptera: Pamphagidae)
Authors: ÜNAL MUSTAFA , MASSA BRUNO
Published: April 2023

The genus Finotia was established by Bonnet in 1884 and included in the subfamily Pamphaginae; later, in 1916 Bolívar described the tribe Finotiini to include the genus and differentiate it from the other of the subfamily Pamphaginae, tribe Pamphagini. Differently from previous authors, who agreed with this placement, the present authors examined the phallic complex of Finotia maxima Jannone, 1938, finding out that it has the typical characters present in the subfamily Thrinchinae; thus they move the tribe Finotiini from the subfamily Pamphaginae to that of Thrinchinae. In addition, the genus Ocneridia Bolívar, 1912, differently from other genera within the tribe Pamphagini, lacks of the Krauss’ plate; coherently with the tribe placements within the subfamily Pamphaginae, the present authors establish the new tribe Ocneridiini to include the genus Ocneridia.
Storytelling, orality and embodiment in New Testament Apocrypha: More Noncanonical Scriptures, volume 2
Authors: LaFosse Mona Tokarek
Published: April 2023

In this review of the second volume of New Testament Apocrypha: More Noncanonical Scriptures, published by Eerdmans in 2020 and edited by Tony Burke, the author praises the clarity and rigour of the translations and their introductions in the volume. She highlights the value of these texts for modern readers as a glimpse of the range of stories and imaginative thought of early Christians, particularly considering what these texts might reveal through the lenses of orality and storytelling, on the one hand, and embodied experiences (physical spaces, objects, healing, ritual, etc.), on the other.
Distal Factors Associated With Proximal Overdose Risk Behaviors and Recent Non-Fatal Overdose Among a Sample of People Who Use Illicit Opioids in New York City
Authors: Elliott Luther , Chen Yuyu , Goodman Melody , Bennett Alex S.
Published: April 2023

This analysis identifies factors associated with overdose risk behaviors and non-fatal overdose among a sample of 577 adult-age people who use illicit opioids and live in NYC. Survey data--which included outcome measures assessing (1) past 30-day non-fatal overdose and past 30-day overdose-related risk behaviors and (2) predictors representing potential risk and protective factors—were analyzed using bivariate and Poisson regression techniques. Results indicate being 41–56 years in age, being widowed, using cannabis, injecting, and having greater pain severity and mental health challenges were associated with greater risks. Current employment, homelessness, and prescription of medications for opioid use disorder were associated with fewer risks. Being 57+ was negatively associated with past-month overdose; higher pain severity and opioid related withdrawal were positively related, as were employment, cannabis use, and injection. Findings suggest the importance of expanding access to MOUD and tailoring OD prevention interventions for mental health and pain management services.
The Effect of Welfare State Policy Spending on the Equalization of Socioeconomic Status Disparities in Mental Health
Authors: Parbst Matthew , Wheaton Blair
Published: April 2023

This article examines whether and how the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) and depression is modified by welfare state spending using the 2006, 2012, and 2014 survey rounds of the European Social Survey (ESS) merged with macroeconomic data from the World Bank, Eurostat, and SOCX database (N = 87,466). Welfare state spending effort divided between social investment and social protection spending modifies the classic inverse relationship between SES and depression. Distinguishing policy areas in both social investment and social protection spending demonstrates that policy programs devoted to education, early childhood education and care, active labor market policies, old age care, and incapacity account for differences in the effect of SES across countries. Our analysis finds that social investment policies better explain cross-national differences in the effect of SES on depression, implying policies focused earlier in the life course matter more for understanding social disparities in the mental health of populations.
An uncommon case of self-strangulation by ligature and the importance of a crime scene visit by a forensic pathologist
Authors: Anand Aditya , Sharma Manav , Chandra Vikash , Sharma Mukul , Kumar Ankit
Published: April 2023

Self-strangulation is an uncommon method of suicide. The body was found lying on the floor in front of the “multi-gym” inside the gym in the basement of the deceased’s house. It was initially presented as a case of sudden death, but during autopsy, a ligature mark was noted over the deceased's neck and bilateral temporal regions along with findings supportive of ligature strangulation. A visit was made to the crime scene. A plausible reconstruction of events suggested that the deceased had used the metallic rope of the multi-gym for this purpose. The rope was connected to weights from one end, passed through a pulley and connected to a rod at the other end. Its width and pattern matched with the ligature mark. The deceased wound the rod end of the rope around his neck and entangled the rod to the rope over his head so that the weight attached to the other end tightened the rope around his neck and strangled him. As the rope unravelled, gravity caused the body to fall to the ground while the rope with the rod resumed its normal position due to the pull of the weight attached at the opposite end. This case is reported for its rarity and the unusual means used to commit suicide by self-strangulation.
Futures Imperfect: A Reflection on Challenges
Authors: Adam Barbara
Published: April 2023

Social lives are lived prospectively with intent and visions of what will, could and should be. Importantly, this social futurity is not merely hoped for, expected or anticipated but it is also enacted continuously in everyday and institutional practices. To encompass this central feature in studies of social life poses significant challenges for all evidence-based knowledge systems, given that the future is not yet and as such not considered factual. This means it cannot be known with certainty. Knowledge about it therefore tends primarily to be constructed, calculated and modelled from past-based evidence. In my reflections I examine some of the difficulties and anomalies that arise for engagement with the full complexity of this fundamental aspect of existence and explore alternative modes of engagement.
Sociological Imaginations for Anti-Racist Futures: An Interview with Dr Prudence Carter
Authors: Jean-Pierre Johanne , Carter Prudence
Published: April 2023

In this interview, Dr Prudence Carter, 2021–2022 President-Elect of the American Sociological Association, discusses how sociology can contribute to anti-racist futures across national contexts. Her insights point to the need for greater self-awareness in sociology regarding race and racism, for clarification of our aims and for better articulation and translation of popularized theoretical concepts, such as structural racism, to the general public. To achieve radical inclusion in the future, she highlights the importance of engaging in public and policy sociology, by explaining and substantiating policies and practices derived from our research. She also underscores the significance and value of comparative cross-national and multidisciplinary collaborative research. Most importantly, she brings to the fore the necessity of imagining new epistemological and methodological approaches to study the conditions that will enable our societies to attain equitable and anti-racist futures. Fundamentally, this involves extending our sociological imaginations.
Slower Sociologies for the Sociology of the Future
Authors: Goodwin John
Published: April 2023

In this article the use of old photograph techniques is considered as a way of ‘slowing sociology down’ in order to have more thoughtful and immersive engagement within the field. This is contrasted with contemporary methods and their emphasis on speed, efficiency and perfection.
Real Utopia as a Method? Utopian-Sociological Paths from Jameson’s Universal Army to a Postcapitalist Post Office
Authors: Greenwood Martin
Published: April 2023

This article uses Frederic Jameson’s An American Utopia: Dual Power and the Universal Army as the inspiration for a utopian-sociological method that brings together aspects of Erik Olin Wright’s ‘Real Utopias’ project and Ruth Levitas’ ‘Imaginary Reconstitution of Society’. It argues that these different approaches can be bridged through presenting fictional sketches of imagined futures of potentially socially transformative institutions alongside more conventional sociological analysis of such. Two concepts associated with the discipline of Utopian Studies – education of desire and concrete utopia – are used to suggest that the British Post Office might perform a better utopian role than Jameson’s chosen vehicle of utopian transformation: the US Army. To further build this case, and to demonstrate one possible application of this method, the history, current condition and an imagined future of the Post Office are explored and some concrete steps in the utopian directions suggested by these are noted.
Future-Making in an Uncertain World: The Presence of an Open Future in Danish Young Women’s Lives
Authors: Pors Justine Grønbæk , Kishik Sharon
Published: April 2023

Reporting from a three-year longitudinal study following 16 young women through their upper secondary schooling, this article explores the lived experiences of future-making. By unpacking the striking finding in our material that for these young women, future-making consists in an ongoing labour to keep the future open, we complement studies showing how ideals of success in education affect young women’s everyday life. Our analysis reveals that although this mode of future-making induces anxieties and cruel labours, young women also navigate and negotiate their uncertain conditions. We show how they manage to (partly) escape extreme performance demands and how they connect to collective futures, thus challenging the individuality of neoliberal subjectivity. We contribute to a sociology of the future by demonstrating an approach to studying the future that zooms in on the practices and affective experiences, through which futures exert agency and organise the everyday lived present.
Incidence of Urinary Tract Infection Among Patients: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Mengistu Dechasa Adare , Alemu Addisu , Abdukadir Abdi Amin , Mohammed Husen Ahmed , Ahmed Fila , Mohammed Baredin
Published: April 2023

Healthcare-associated infection is one of the most common and severe threats to patients’ health and remains a significant challenge for healthcare providers. Among healthcare-associated infections, urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common infections. This study aimed to determine the global incidence of UTI among patients. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guideline was used to perform this systematic review and meta-analysis. The articles were searched from April 4 to August 5, 2022, from electronic databases (Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, DOAJ, and MedNar) using Boolean logic operators, MeSH terms, and keywords. The quality of the study was assessed using the JBI Critical Assessment tool. One thousand nine ninety three articles were retrieved from the electronic databases, of which 38 articles conducted on 981 221 patients were included in the current study. The study found the global pooled incidence of UTI accounted for 1.6%. Based on the subgroup analysis by survey period and WHO region, the highest incidence of UTI was reported in the African Region [3.6%] and among studies conducted between 1996 and 2001 [3.7%]. This study revealed the overall pooled incidence of UTI was 1.6%. The highest incidence of UTI (3.6%) was reported in the African region. This indicates that there is a need to implement safety measures.
Public Perception Before and After COVID-19 Vaccine Pass for the Unvaccinated to Eat Alone: Social Media Data Analytics
Authors: Jung Sun Ok , Son Yoon Hee
Published: April 2023

This study was conducted to compare the trends of public perception in South Korea about the vaccine pass requiring the unvaccinated to eat alone during the COVID-19 crisis. Data were collected via Text mining; frequency, association, and sentiment analysis using the social big data analysis service, (known as “Some-Trend”), 2 months before and after December 16, 2021, when the vaccine pass was announced. The total number of search results was 4899 occurrences of the keywords using “eating alone” and “Hon-bab” (Korean abbreviation for eating alone). During the week of December 16, the frequency was the highest (770 occurrences). Compared to the weeks before the announcement sentiment analysis shows that words including “Reject,” “Discrimination,” and “Uncomfortable,” among others, either newly appeared or increased in frequency. And also, the percentage of positive words decreased from 54.5% to 34% and that of negative words increased from 30.2% to 43.3%. The introduction of the vaccine pass has raised negative public interest, particularly regarding the policy of unvaccinated people forcefully restricted to eat alone. Accordingly, this study showed that the vaccine policy had not gain positive perception of the public.
Rising Every Time We Fall: Organizational Fortitude and Response to Adversities
Authors: Smith Celina , Rondi Emanuela , De Massis Alfredo , Nordqvist Mattias
Published: April 2023

The role of organizational resilience enabling firms to respond to adversity and survive has become ever more critical in the wake of an increasingly unpredictable external environment. Yet, while we understand the importance of resilience in responding to a major adversity, we have little appreciation for how firms are affected and react when facing multiple adversities over time, or how multilevel factors might impose on this process. These are crucial issues given that adversities are not necessarily single, isolated, or infrequent episodes. By studying a long-established family firm in the United Kingdom that experienced four major adversities, we identify the process that enabled it not only to survive but also to thrive. In this qualitative study, we introduce the notion of organizational fortitude to describe the approach that a firm develops to cope with the challenges of multiple unexpected adversities and highlight how multilevel factors combine to foster organizational fortitude.
Improving semantic information retrieval by combining possibilistic networks, vector space model and pseudo-relevance feedback
Authors: Chebil Wiem , Soualmia Lina F
Published: April 2023

To improve the performance of information retrieval systems (IRSs), we propose in this article a novel approach that enriches the user’s queries with new concepts. Indeed, query expansion is one of the best methods that plays an important role in improving searches for a better semantic information retrieval. The proposed approach in this study combines possibilistic networks (PNs), the vector space model (VSM) and pseudo-relevance feedback (PRF) to evaluate and add relevant concepts to the initial index of the user’s query. First, query expansion is performed using PN, VSM and domain knowledge. PRF is then exploited to enrich, in a second round, the user’s query by applying the same approach used in the first expansion step. To evaluate the performance of the developed system, denoted conceptual information retrieval model (CIRM), several experiments of query expansion are performed. The experiments carried out on the OHSUMED and Clinical Trials corpora showed that using the two measures of possibility and necessity combined the cosinus similarity and PRF improves the query expansion process. Indeed, the improvement rate of our approach compared with the baseline is +28, 49% in terms of P@5.
Predicting and characterising persuasion strategies in misinformation content over social media based on the multi-label classification approach
Authors: Chen Sijing , Xiao Lu
Published: April 2023

Persuasion aims at affecting the audience’s attitude and behaviour through a series of messages containing persuasion strategies. In the context of misinformation spread, identifying the persuasion strategies is important in order to warn people to be aware of the analogous persuasion attempts in the future. In this work, we address the prediction of persuasion strategies in micro-blogging posts through a multi-label classification approach based on a variety of lexical and semantic features. We conduct our experiments using a set of well-known multi-label classification algorithms, including multi-label decision tree, multi-label k-nearest neighbours, multi-label random forest, binary relevance and classifier chains. The results show that the model incorporating classifier chains and XGBoost algorithm achieves the best subset accuracy of 0.779 and the highest macro F1-score of 0.847. In addition, we evaluated and compared the features’ importance for different persuasion strategies and analysed the major errors of miss-out prediction. The findings of this article provide a benchmark for the multi-label classification of persuasion strategies in micro-blogging posts and lead to a better understanding of different persuasion attempts contained in social media misinformation.
A Meta-Analysis of the Predictors of On-time High School Graduation in the United States
Authors: Zheng Yunzheng , Gao Xingyuan , Shen Jianping , Johnson Megan Russell , Y. Krenn Huilan
Published: April 2023

On-time high school graduation is an important topic in educational research, policy, and practice. However, no comprehensive meta-analyses had been conducted on this topic. The current meta-analysis reviewed 47 articles published from 1985 to April 2022 and aggregated the effect in four dimensions: student background, family support, school program and support, and school climate, with a focus on school-related practices, policies, and programs. Twelve factors along various dimensions had statistically significant positive or negative effects on on-time graduation. Implications of these findings are discussed.
Decision-Making about COVID-19 Vaccines among Health Care Workers and Their Adolescent Children
Authors: Mansfield Lisa N. , Choi Kristen , Delgado Jeanne R. , Macias Mayra , Munoz-Plaza Corrine , Lewin Bruno , Bronstein David , Chang John , Bruxvoort Katia
Published: April 2023

Health care workers promote COVID-19 vaccination for adolescent patients, and as parents, may influence their own children to get vaccinated. We conducted virtual, semi-structured qualitative interviews with vaccinated health care workers and their adolescent children to explore their decision-making process for COVID-19 vaccination. In total, 21 health care workers (physicians, nurses, and medical staff) and their adolescent children ( N = 17) participated in interviews. The following three themes described parent-adolescent decision-making for COVID-19 vaccination: (1) family anticipation and hesitation about COVID-19 vaccine approval; (2) parents’ or adolescents’ choice: the decision maker for adolescent COVID-19 vaccination; and (3) leveraging one’s vaccination status to encourage others to get vaccinated. Nurses encouraged adolescent autonomy in decisions for COVID-19 vaccination while physicians viewed vaccination as the parent’s decision. Health care workers and their adolescent children used role-modeling to motivate unvaccinated peers and may model their decision-making process for adolescent COVID-19 vaccination with their own children to support their patients’ and parents’ vaccine decisions.
Village-ness, discrimination, and urban modernity: Thinking alongside ‘village people’ in Lebanon
Authors: Kassem Ali
Published: April 2023

Based on qualitative phenomenological research alongside village dwellers in Lebanon, this article identifies village-ness – an experience of being labelled as ‘non-urban’ with an upbringing and habitus considered to be ‘of the village’ – as difference and lack. I accordingly argue for the recognition of a hierarchization between those considered ‘city people’ and ‘village people’ in mainstream Lebanese imaginary that establishes experiences of discrimination, prejudice, and assault. Developing this, the article explores participants’ understandings of transformation improving these conditions. (Western-style) education, (capitalist) employment, (modern) technology, and a deepened connectivity to the city emerge as key variables in this respect. This change, my analysis shows, is conceptualised as ‘becoming urban’ understood as ‘becoming modern’, where Modernity is specifically framed as a Western-centric formation with discourses of ‘civility’, linear time, ‘development’, and ‘progress’ dominant. Accordingly, the article posits that the construction, inferiorisation, and assault of village-ness is a key site of the establishment and (re)production of a Eurocentric ‘urban modernity’ at the level of everyday lived experiences. Recognising that this phenomenon extends far beyond Lebanon, I posit the need to seriously bring the ‘urban question’ into anti/post/decolonial thought.
Mapping redistribution in terms of family: A European comparison
Authors: Frericks Patricia , Gurín Martin , Höppner Julia
Published: April 2023

Redistribution is one of the fundamental characteristics of developed societies. While societal redistribution between working and non-working citizens has been studied intensively, redistribution in terms of family has been analysed mainly as private redistribution. In this contribution, we study societal redistribution in terms of family by systematically analysing its regulation and simulating its results. We map family-related redistribution in Europe by analysing to whom financial resources are granted (benefits) and from whom resources are demanded (obligations) to identify the degree and logic of family-related redistribution. We compare 68 family forms in 27 European countries based on the micro-simulation model EUROMOD. The findings show that there are clear country-clusters of redistribution in terms of family. They differ, though, as to benefits and obligations. The degree of redistribution reveals that in most countries, societal redistribution is highest towards low-income, single-parent families and lowest towards low-income family forms without children.
Proanthocyanidins may be potential therapeutic agents for the treatment of carotid atherosclerosis: A review
Authors: Huang Pan
Published: April 2023

Atherosclerotic cerebrovascular disease is one of the major causes of death in China, with associated serious risk of disability and burden on society and families. Therefore, the development of active and effective therapeutic drugs for this disease is of great significance. Proanthocyanidins are a class of naturally occurring active substances, rich in hydroxyl groups and from a wide range of sources. Studies have suggested that they have a strong potential for anti-atherosclerosis activity. In this paper, we review published evidence regarding anti-atherosclerotic effects of proanthocyanidins in different atherosclerotic research models.
Rethinking Polanyi's double movement through participatory justice: Land use planning in Puerto Rico
Authors: Stokes-Ramos Hannah
Published: April 2023

Puerto Rico has lost an alarming amount of farmland in the past century, and land distribution is highly unequal in line with broader social patterns. These problems raise the question of alternative models that can enhance socio-ecological justice, and whether the reversal of the historical neglect of agriculture could factor significantly into such alternatives. A significant step toward such a reversal was arguably Puerto Rico's 2015 Plan de Uso de Terrenos (Land Use Plan) (PUT), the first island-level land use plan. I analyze the PUT as a Polanyian double movement to protect agricultural land from circulating as an urban asset, with the novel addition of environmental justice's “trivalent” notion of social justice. I argue that participatory justice, in particular, played a dual role in this “double movement”: first, the process achieved sufficient balance amongst actors to protect significant agricultural area from urban development; and second, the constituency mobilized through the PUT's creation later proved essential to the plan's defence against land marketization efforts. My analysis offers a unique synthesis of environmental justice and heterodox political economy and concludes that deepening dialogue across the two literatures can offer important insights for achieving emancipatory socio-ecological change in land use planning.
Traffic Speed Sequence Prediction by Adaptive Weighted Long Short-Term Memory With Classification-Type Loss
Authors: Xiao Hongbo , Xiao Jianhua , Shi Yuanquan , Deng Xiaowu , Yang Yujun
Published: April 2023

Accurate traffic speed prediction is necessary to promote the development of intelligent transportation systems. The construction of consummate models is challenging owing to nonlinearity, nonstationarity, and long-term dependence in traffic speed prediction. This study proposed an ensemble long short-term memory (LSTM) model that was based on adaptive weighting, in which ensemble learning was the main solution. First, a data preprocessing model based on a seasonal statistical model was introduced to reconcile the long- and short-term dependence of the data. Second, the LSTM time step was considered during training, and a classification-type loss was designed to calculate the error rate in the ensemble system. Last, an adaptive weighting strategy was constructed to integrate a series of LSTMs generated in the system to obtain an ensemble model for traffic speed prediction. The experimental results showed that the proposed method was more stable and accurate than individual methods and existing ensemble learning methods.
Conformity in High School Adolescents: Development and Validation of the Informational and Normative Conformity Scale
Authors: Opozda-Suder Sylwia , Grygiel Paweł , Karteczka-Świętek Kinga
Published: April 2023

The present article describes the development and validation of the Informational and Normative Conformity Scale (SKI-N), a brief self-report tool capturing adolescents' general propensity to adopt a conformist attitude, and the underlying motives for doing so. The presentation includes a description of scale construction and an assessment of the psychometric properties. In two independent samples of adolescents (total N = 1,953), the SKI-N factorial structure was investigated, and the reliability and dimensionality, the multi-group measurement invariance, and the construct validity were each verified. The findings showed that the scale structure is bi-factorial, and the tool is reliable, valid, and invariant across gender. Therefore, the SKI-N can be applied in research and/or in psychological and educational practice to provide important information in a broader assessment of students’ psychosocial functioning in the school environment. Moreover, compared to currently available measures, it fills a gap in the tools for measuring conformity in the adolescent population.
Resistance as a Foundational Commons: Intersectionality, Transfeminism, and the Future of Critical Feminisms
Authors: Draper Suzanne C. , Chapple Reshawna
Published: April 2023

The paradigms of academic and activist feminisms in the United States in the middle and later half of the 20th century were developed in part as critical explorations of exclusionary practices within feminist ideology. The strength of critical feminisms is their capacity to reimagine the limiting parameters of exclusion (e.g., of Black people and people of color, of butch lesbians, etc.) that are based in many of the same principles that bolster patriarchal definitions of gender and sexuality. Such patriarchal definitions include the pressure to express and experience gender and sexuality in a static manner that relegates all other expressions as Other or merely transitional. If the purpose of critical feminisms is to explore the “issues of power [and]…the ways that gender ideology… is produced, reproduced, resisted, and changed in and through the everyday experiences of” people, then the concepts that this paper explores should be of the utmost importance within critical feminisms. In doing so critical feminisms must examine the contributions and experiences of trans, non-binary, and queer people that help us to reimagine what it means to be a feminist in a world of free expression.