bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation on Shale Gas Potential in the Sheling Group Yitong Basin
Authors: Xu Han Yue , Xue Hai Tao , Lu Shuang Fang , Huang Wen Biao , Shi Lei
Published: June 2014

Yitong Basin is a Tertiary depression bas in Jilin Province , and from north to south were Chaluhe , Luxiang and Moliqing depression. As the depth is larger , high maturity of organic matter , more than 1% , mainly shale gas. Based on the geochemical parameters of sheling group , using chemical kinetics method study the birth hydrocarbon volume, using the sum of the largest shale gas tolerance capabilities , based on the adsorption isotherm experiments, combined hydrocarbon volume , calculated the shale gas resources in the region , the results showed that the total amount of resources sheling group Yitong Basin shale gas level was 238.215 billion square . Indicates that the area has huge shale gas resource potential
Finite Element Analysis and Optimization Design on Single Screw Pump of Offshore Petroleum Well Cementing LADS Device
Authors: Wang Zhan Xu
Published: June 2014

The single screw mathematical model is established based on dynamics analysis, and the numerical simulation and optimization design is analyzed. Through the virtual assembly simulation and digital assembly experiments on the single screw, to obtain the compatibility of the improved single screw structure. Thereby, the matching and assembly interference of model design is tested, to optimize the improved single screw compatibility between the stator and rotor.
An Experimental Study on the Mechanical Properties of Cemented Rock-Tailings Fill
Authors: Guo Li Jie , Zhou Ke Ping , Yang Xiao Cong , Liu Guang Sheng , Xu Wen Yuan
Published: June 2014

This paper outlines an effective approach to making composite backfill using mine waste material. Composite materials are widely used in many areas of engineering because of their unique structural properties. Cemented rock-tailings are one of the most prevalent materials used for composite backfill because they can effectively make use of mine waste rock and mill tailings that would otherwise be simply considered waste. This backfill method has the capability of maintaining the mine environment while still allowing for continued mine development. An experimental study is being conducted in a cooperative mine research project to investigate the properties of backfill material and specifically the mechanical characteristics of cemented waste rock-tailings fill. This study details the characteristics of the composite backfill aggregate with respect to the compressive strength of the cemented rock-tailings fill and the backfill mix-proportion, as well as outlines a new method of study for cemented rock-tailings fill mechanics. The study results show the compressive strength of cemented rock-tailings fill is dependent mainly on the cement and waste rock content. Ensuring a precise backfill mix proportion can effectively reduce the cement dosage, thereby decreasing the backfill cost realized for the mine.
Studies about the Drained Creep Characteristic of Silt Soil on k0 Consolidation
Authors: Wang Yan Fang , Zhou Zhi Gang , Cai Zheng Yin
Published: June 2014

The creep characteristic of saturated silt soil was studied by k0 consolidation creep test through two stress paths of axial loading and lateral lightening. According to test datas, some conclusions were submitted. First, the axial creep laws between the two stress paths were consistent on drainage conditions. Volume strains were much smaller than Axial strains. Volume strains presented alternation characteristic between shear shrinkage and shear dilatancy along with time extension. The silt soil creep constitutive model was presented. The results suggested combining the NHRI model describing the transient elastic-plastic strain with the creep empirical formula describing creep strain to establish the creep constitutive model.
Study on Extractiing of Heme from Tilapias Blood by Enzymatic Method
Authors: Zhou Wan Jun , Cen Jian Wei , Hu Qing Rong , Hao Shu Xian , Li Lai Hao , Yang Xian Qing , Zhao Yong Qiang , Wei Ya
Published: June 2014

To make sure the abundance of Tilapias blood resources in China can be utilized more scientificly and effectively, the extraction conditions of heme from Tilapias blood by enzymatic hydrolysis were studied in this paper. The optimal hydrolysis conditions of protamex have been fixed by the single factor and the orthogonal experiments: The optimum temperature of 40°C, optimum pH of 8.0, substrate concentration (S) was 6%, enzyme/substrate (E/S) was 8000U/g, hydrolysis time (T) was 2 hours. Followed by the heat treatment, acid precipitation and vacuum freeze drying could get the heme at last, which yield was 80.9%, purity was 28.2%. This technology is simple and practical, low production cost and suitable for industrialized production, which is not only reduce environmental pollution, but also increase the economic efficiency of enterprises effectively. This research could provide theoretical evidence for making the best use of Tilapias blood resources.
Morphology, Thermal, Dynamic Mechanical and Mechanical Properties of Long Glass Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastic Polyurethane Elastomers and Polyvinyl Chloride Composites
Authors: Zhang Kai Zhou , Guo Qiang , You Bang Sheng
Published: June 2014

Thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (TPU) and long glass fiber (LGF) were used to prepare LGF/TPU master batch for increasing the mechanical properties and heat resistance of PVC. It turned out that addition of LGF/TPU contributed to improvement in toughness of PVC but the heat resistance of PVC didn’t increase very evidently. The heat resistance and morphology were observed by vicat test and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) proved that incorporation of LGF/TPU into PVC changed the morphology of the composites and correlated well with the mechanical properties. Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) showed that both the glass transition temperature and the storage modulus of PVC increased with the addition of LGF/TPU master batch; the presence of a single Tg indicated that each component of composites was miscible. In this study, the combination properties of the composites with 24wt% LGF was the best proportion in the range of 0-30 phr LGF, because it had the best mechanical properties and heat resistance.
The Fabrication of High Silicon-Aluminum Composites and the Thermal Conductivity
Authors: Chen Xing Yu , Li Yan Xia , Liu Jun You
Published: June 2014

Silicon-aluminum composites with Si content of 42-70 wt. % were fabricated by an innovative method of liquid-solid separation. The microstructures and thermal conductivity analyzing and predicting by the Maxwell and Hasselman-Johnson models were executed. The results show that silicon particles in composites are near globular with dull angular and surrounded by the continuous Al matrix, and the interface among them is composed of element diffusion zone. The conductivities of four composites are beyond 120 W. m-1 .K-1 at 25°C but reduce with Si content adding. The coarse particle size is beneficial to the higher conductivity. The interface thermal resistance of composites obtained by theoretical calculation is 16.0×107 W.m-2.K-1, and using it the H-J model can be employed to predict the conductivity.
Study on Properties of Modified Porous Starch/ Natural Rubber Composite
Authors: Pan Xue Mei , Wu Min , Li Si Dong , Fang Lin , Wang Zhi Feng , Gao Yang Jian Shu , Li Le Fan , Liao Shuang Quan
Published: June 2014

The porous starch was modified by xanthates, and the starch/natural rubber composite was prepared by blending the modified starch with natural rubber latex. The morphology, thermal stability, swelling behavior and mechanical properties of the composite were investigated. Morphology studies by SEM showed that the modified porous starch were homogeneously dispersed in NR matrix. The composite has higher solvent resistance and lower water resistance after adding modified porous starch. The mechanical properties of composite are improved significanly with the increase of modified porous starch.
The Influence of SiO2 on Properties of Cellulose Aerogel
Authors: Mao Heng , Huang Xiao Yu , Lin Chong , Lu Ling Bin , Cao Yang
Published: June 2014

Cellulose hydrogel was prepared from cellulose/NaOH aqueous solutions. Silica was added into cellulose hydrogel by TEOS hydrolysis method. Finally aerogel was obtained by the freeze-drying technique. The influence of silica on the properties of cellulose aerogel was studied in detail. With cellulose content 3%, the water absorption of cellulose-SiO2composite aerogel was only about 50% of the water absorption of cellulose aerogel. The result showed that silica could effectively reduce the water absorption of cellulose aerogel significantly and reduce the extent of structural damage that resulted from highly water absorption of cellulose aerogel. At the same time, with the increase of cellulose content, density of cellulose aerogel increased, while porosity decreased. It led to the water absorption of aerogel decrease with the increasing of cellulose content.
Design, Fabrication and Characterization of Fused Silica-Based Composites with an LTCC-Derived FSS
Authors: Miao Xi Geng , Feng Qing Wen , Fang Xiao Wei , Ghezzo Fabrizia , Zhao Zhi Ya , Liu Ruo Peng
Published: June 2014

Laminated composites with a frequency selective surfaces (FSS) or more complex metamaterials are potential radome materials due to their unique characteristics of electromagnetic wave transmission. For making high-temperature resistant radomes, metamaterials or laminated composites with an FSS should be based on ceramic substrates. However, the processing methods for ceramic metamaterials are very limited and the conventionally used LTCC technique suffers from the shortcoming of large sintering shrinkage rates, which unfortunately impede the production of ceramic-based metamaterials. In this paper, a novel method of a low temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) technique combined with a technique of ceramic joining via green tapes was developed to fabricate the fused silica ceramic laminates sandwiched with the FSS. It was found that the newly developed composites with the FSS unit cells of the Ag-Pd strips exhibited near zero shrinkage of the unit cells, showed predictable transmission efficiencies of electromagnetic microwaves, and were able to overcome the poor transmission efficiencies below 11 GHz of the pure fused silica ceramic plates with an identical thickness.
Effect of Cycle Index on the Microstructural Evolution of Alumina Particles Reinforced Aluminum Composites Treated by Cryogenic Treatment
Authors: Wang Hong Ming , Li Guirong , Zheng Rui , Li Pei Si , Peng Cong Xiang , Li Yue Ming , Cui Yu Hua , Zhao Yu Tao , Jiang Yan
Published: June 2014

Nanometer Al2O3 particles reinforced Al-Zn-Mg-Cu composites were processed by cryogenic treatment with different cycle index of 1,2 and 3. Transmission Electronic Microscopy (TEM) was utilized to analyze the microstructural evolution of the treated samples. The results show that with the increase of cycle index the precipitate amount and dislocation density have been increased. The precipitates orientation exhibits some preferred orientation. The high amount of precipitates and dislocation density and preferred orientation of precipitates will benefit to increase the mechanical properties of composites.
Study on Heating Treatment of 45steel/60Si2CrA Multi-Layer Composite Armor Plate
Authors: Liu Jing , Han Jing Tao , Gao Gang
Published: June 2014

Modern composite armor is generally composed of faceplate with high hardness and backplate with good toughness. The 45steel/60Si2CrA multi-layer composite armor plate with eleven layers in which 60Si2CrA steel was used as faceplate and 45 steel as backplate was fabricated by composite casting+forming process. In order to achieve good bulletproof effects, the heating treatment processes of multi-layer composite plate were researched. The results show that the yield strength and tensile strength of the composite plate reaches 956MPa and 1018MPa and the hardness of 45 steel layer and 60Si2CrA layer is 448HV and 536HV respectively under the condition of 860°C water quenching+high temperature tempering. The mechanical properties meet standard requirements of armor plate.
Study on Mechanical Property of 1Cr17/9Cr18MoV Multilayer Composite Armor Plate
Authors: Han Jing Tao , Liu Jing
Published: June 2014

1Cr17/9Cr18MoV multi-layer composite armor plate with uniform thickness of each layer was fabricated by composite casting, hot forging and hot rolling. Microstructure was observed and mechanical properties of multilayer composite plate after heat treatment were carried out. The results show that the microstructure of each layer is uniform and the interface combination between 1Cr17 and 9Cr18MoV is good at the condition of 950°C/30min, oil cooling + 200°C/30min tempering. The bending strength of multilayer composite plate is greater than each single material and the plasticity is between two materials. Tensile fracture mode of 1Cr17 steel with good plasticity is mainly of ductile dimple fracture and that of 9Cr18MoV steel with high strength is mainly cleavage fracture. The tensile strength of multilayer composite plate is 1410MPa and the hardness of 9Cr18MoV and 1Cr17 is 605.5HV and 566.3HV respectively, the mechanical properties has met the qualification of armor.
Research Profiling of Carbon Nanotubes from 2000 to 2013
Authors: Zhou Li Ying , Zuo Wen Ge , Wei Qing Feng , Luo Chang Shou
Published: June 2014

In order to profile the research status of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and gasp the development direction of the subject, based on the database of INSPEC, with the help of INSPEC thesaurus, using co-word clustering, 8 important subfields of CNTs are identified in this paper. Furthermore, the trends of each subfield with time was showed as well as the journal distribution of each subfield was analyzed. The result should be focused on to provide the institutions, researchers and decision makers of CNTs with useful reference.
Effect of Indium on Precipitation Kinetics of an Al8Si0.4Mg Cast Alloy
Authors: Wang Gui Qing , Liu Shu Ge
Published: June 2014

Effect of Indium addition on the precipitation kinetics of Al8Si0.4Mg alloy has been investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis. The activation energy analysis results show that the β′ precipitation activation energy is 85 kJ mol-1 and 86 kJ mol-1 for the base alloy and Indium containing alloy respectively. The β′ precipitation mechanism parameter n analysis results show that β′ precipitates in two-dimensional and the growth mechanism of β′ precipitates is unaffected by Indium addition. The nucleation density dependent parameter k for Indium containing alloy is 2.45 times of the base alloy which suggests that Indium addition accelerates the nucleation density of β′ phases.
Large-Scale Synthesis of Water-Dissoluble Nanorods
Authors: Wang Ke , Li Chang Liang , Xue Hong Dan , Liu Pu , Xiao Shu Xiu
Published: June 2014

Highly water-dissolvable Na2SO4 nanorods were prepared by introducing Ca2+ and NO3- as shape-control agents. The diameter of the as-synthesized nanorods was basically in the range of 20-40 nm, and the length was in the range of 500-800 nm. It was also found that Ca2+ can restrict the growth of the nanocrystals on a given face and the NO3- can also selectively adsorb on a given face and favor the growth of the nanocrystals and the Cl- may help to form uniform nanorods. The synthesis procedure was also simple, and the as-synthesized nanorods may provide ideal templates for preparing nanotubular materials.
Fabrication of PLA Nanoporous Fibers by DMF/CF Mixed Solvent via Electrospinning
Authors: Tang Xiao Peng , Xu Lan , Liu Hong Ying , Si Na
Published: June 2014

Electrospinning represents a simple and convenient method for generating polymer fibers has been widely applied to produce porous nanofibers. The PLA fibers obtained in this research showed a significant nanoporous surface by varying solvent compositions of chloroform (CF) and N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF).The nanopores produced by phase separation of solvent system were observed by means of scanning electron microscope.The approach showed the fabrication of electrospun nanoporous fibers possessing ultrahigh specific surface area without any post-treatment.
Fabrication of PEG Hydrogel and PDMS Microstructures by a Simple UV Curing Process for Nanobio-Chip Applications
Authors: Kim Young Ho , Sohn Jeong Woo , Woo Youngjae , Hong Joo Hyun , Park Juyoung
Published: June 2014

Polyethylene glycol (PEG) hydrogel microstructures with various shapes and sizes on a glass chip were prepared by a simple and rapid ultraviolet (UV) irradiation method using a metal mask. Photocurable PEG solution prepared by mixing 95 wt.% polyethylene glycol diacrylate and 5 wt.% 2-hydroxy-2-methylpropiophenone as a photo-initiator was injected to the gap between bottom and upper glasses in a simply assembled glass chip. After a metal mask with line-and-space or complex patterns was placed on the glass chip, UV light from a spot UV irradiation device was exposed to the glass chip through the metal mask for 7 seconds at UV intensity of 26 mW/cm2. Then the PEG hydrogel micropatterns on the glass chip were obtained after removing unreacted PEG solution by air blowing. To prepare more rigid microstructure, the prepared PEG micropatterned chip was exposed under UV light for 20 seconds. Then the PEG hydrogel micropattern chip was fabricated by a simple and rapid procedure. Micropattern transferring was performed from the PEG hydrogel chip to polydimethyl siloxane (PDMS) replica by a solution casting. The prepared micropatterned PDMS replicas showed similar shape and size of microstructures compared to that of the corresponded PEG hydrogel chip. Thus the PEG hydrogel microstructures on a glass chip could be used as a mold to fabricate micropattern PDMS chips for nanobio-chip applications. Furthermore, the present method provides large scale chip fabrication, more than 4 cm-length and 4 cm-width in a single step, not only PEG hydrogel chips but also PDMS chips.
The Influence of Zn/Zr Ratios on CuO-ZnO-ZrO2 Catalysts for Methanol Synthesis from CO2 Hydrogenation
Authors: Wang Yu Hao , Gao Wen Gui , Zheng Yan E , Wang Hua
Published: June 2014

A series of CuO–ZnO–ZrO2(CZZ) catalysts with different Zn/Zr ratios were successfully prepared by the co-precipitation method and characterized by the techniques of X-ray diffraction (XRD), N2adsorption, reactive N2O adsorption, H2temperature-programmed reduction (H2-TPR). The catalytic activities of the catalysts were tested for methanol synthesis from CO2hydrogenation. It was found that the increasing of the Zn/Zr ratio could lead to the increase of the crystallite size of metallic oxide. When the amount of ZnO ranged from 20% to 80%, the CZZ catalysts exhibited a better activity. It revealed that both Zn and Zr were important parameter for Cu-based catalysts, which were interacted with each other.
Modification of the Fine - Aggregate Concrete by High Disperse Silica Fume and Carbon Nanoparticles Containing Modifiers
Authors: Kiski Svetlana S. , Ponomarev Andrey N. , Ageev Ilya V. , Cun Chang
Published: June 2014

This work concern the research of the concentration dependences of the influence the micro amounts of the fine disperse silica fume and the carbon nanoparticles containing modifiers on the mobility of the fine-aggregate concrete mixtures and on the pressure strength of concrete. It was founded the high nonlinear dependences of increasing this parameters in the region of the concentration 10-3 – 10-6 % of the mass of concrete. This results provide the possibility to approach the industry application for the high performance concretes technology at the nearest time.
Progress of Studies on Fabrication of TiO2 Nanotube Arrays on Ti or Ti Alloys by Anodization
Authors: Ma Miao , Liu Jian Xiong , Wu Zheng Yu , Zheng Xin Rui , Hu Xiao Xiao , Li Xiao Yu
Published: June 2014

This paper gives an overall review of TiO2 nanotube arrays synthesized on titanium and its alloys substrates by anodization. The highly ordered nanotubes are fabricated by electrochemical anodization in electrolyte containing fluoride ion. During the anodization process, the electrochemical conditions such as the electrolyte, applied voltage, anodization time, temperature and alloy substrates are analyzed in detail. Anodization of titanium alloy is a simple and effect method to dope element into TiO2 nanotube which shows much higher improvement in photocatalytic and solar energy conversion than pure TiO2 nanotube arrays. In addition, we review the forming mechanism and modification. Furthermore, TiO2 nanotube arrays have great application for dye-sensitized solar cells, water splitting and biomedical and other aspects.
The Effect of Different Ratio in Carbon Aerogel on Pore Structure in Ambient Dry
Authors: Wang Fang , Yao Lan Fang , Shen Jun , Guan Da Yong , Fang Zhou
Published: June 2014

Organic aerogels were prepared by sol-gel polycondensation of resorcinol and formaldehyde using sodium carbonate as a catalyst and dried under ambient pressure. Carbon aerogels were obtained by the dried organic aerogels carbonized under nitrogen atmosphere at high temperature. The pore structures and surface characteristic of the carbon aerogels obtained were investigated by N2 adsorption isotherms, scanning electron microscope (SEM). Through controlling the concentrations of the main ingredients (resorcinol and formaldehyde), catalyst concentration, we can find out the best concentration which the specific surface area can reach the highest. In this experiment the highest specific surface area was 1645m2/g. In addition, the results show that catalyst for the cross link effect between colloidal microspheres is greater than the growth of the colloid itself, and the effect of water solvent plays an important role in the density of carbon aerogel.
Prepare and Formaldehyde Sensing Properties of Hollow Nanofibers In2O3
Authors: Liu Chang Bai , Liu Xing Yi
Published: June 2014

Hollow nanofiber In2O3 is synthesized by electrospinning. The as-synthesized materials are characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray power diffraction (XRD). The formaldehyde sensing properties of the devices using In2O3 films are investigated at different operating temperatures. The results reveal that the response of hollow nanofiber In2O3 sensor is about 2.5 to 1 ppm formaldehyde at the optimum operating temperature of 270°C. The response and recovery time is about 3 s and 19 s, respectively. Moreover, sensor possesses a good selectivity to some common gas.
Effect of Copper Micro-Scale Excess on the Dielectric Properties of CaCu3Ti4O12 Ceramics Prepared via Tape Casting
Authors: Li Wei , Xiong Zhao Xian , Xue Hao , Song Chun Xiao , Qiu Hong
Published: June 2014

CaCu(3+x)Ti4O12 (x = 0, 0.001, 0.002, 0.004 and 0.008) ceramics with variation in copper micro-scale excess were prepared via solid-state reaction, Aqueous technology of tape casting was applied to obtain thick films of, about 100 μm in thickness. Crystal phases of the samples were identified by XRD. SEM of samples revealed that copper micro-scale excess can accelerate some important solid phase reactions in the sintering process, most because of liquid phase sintering mechanism. EDX analysis indicated that copper micro-scale excess could compensate for a lack of copper in sintering process. The Cu3.004 sample exhibited the best dielectric properties with a very low dielectric loss (0.029), while retaining a very high dielectric constant (91,536), and the Cu3.002 and Cu3.004 samples exhibited a well frequency and temperature stability which was of significant industrial relevance. In this work, it was concluded that a certain amount of Cu micro-scale excess could improve dielectric properties, frequency stability and temperature stability of CCTO ceramics.
Study of Nonlinear Current-Voltage Characteristic of Semiconductor Ceramic by the Method of Tilted Energy Band
Authors: Fang Chao , Chen Liang Yan
Published: June 2014

A analytic method for the calculation of the electrical characteristics of semiconducting ceramics is suggested. This paper put forward the concept of effective carrier concentration. Electrical characteristics under extra electric field have been calculated by the method of tilted energy band. The non-linear current-voltage characteristics with different grain sizes has been obtained. The results pointed out that the current-voltage characteristics divide into three regions: Linear region before breakdown field, nonlinear region near breakdown field and upturn region after breakdown field; The grain boundary barrier leads to the strong non-linear characteristics, which has nothing to do with the grain size. With the grain size decreasing, the breakdown field increases. The results are compared with experimental data.
Modeling of the Stress-Dependent Hysteretic Dynamics of Ferroelectric Materials
Authors: Chen Wei Feng , Wang Lin Xiang , Lv Fu Zai
Published: June 2014

In the most of its engineering applications, ferroelectric materials are often subjected to combined loadings in the electric and mechanical fields. To simulate the influence of the biased stresses on the hysteretic dynamics of the materials, a macroscopic differential model is proposed to model the hysteresis loops and butterfly-shaped behaviors caused by the polarization orientation switching with biased stresses. A group of numerical simulations are presented, and the comparison of theoretical results with its experimental counterparts is also presented.
Synthesis, Characterization and Photophysical Properties of a New CuI Complexe Contain Bis[2-(diphenylphosphino)phenyl] ether and 7,10-Dimethyl Pyrazino [2,3-f][1,10]phenanthroline
Authors: Li Qiang , Xiong Zhenh , Zhong Rongf , Zhao Feng
Published: June 2014

In this paper, a new CuI complex containing the bis[2-(diphenylphosphino)phenyl]ether and 7,10-Dimethyl Pyrazino [2,3-f][1,10]phenanthroline have been syntheized and characterized by 1H NMR successfully. Experimental data confirm that Complex [Cu(dppl)(DPEphos)](PF6) is high-energy-emitting one. The broad band emission upon excitation at λ = 420 nm with the emission maximum locates at λ = 577 nm was observed. The introduction of DPEphos system leads to red shift of emissive about 11 nm than complex [Cu(dppl)2](PF6). This makes them potential candidates as cheap emitting materials.
Electron Avalanche Domains in High Gain Semi-Insulating GaAs Photoconductive Semiconductor Switches
Authors: Liu Hong , Zheng Li , Yang Wei , Zhu Xiao Ling , Dai Song Hui , Wu Dan , Li Hong Lian
Published: June 2014

The electron avalanche domains (EAD) in high gain semi-insulating (SI) GaAs photoconductive semiconductor switches (PCSS) are analyzed. The EAD are closely related to the growing domains associated with carrier injection. The EAD formation requires high carrier density and high field impact ionization. The avalanche carrier generation in the EAD can cause and complete the localized direct transform from theN-shaped current-voltage (I-V) characteristics toS-shapedI-Vcharacteristics. Then a transition from the EAD to current filament mechanisms can occur. The EAD ideas can explain the branch and the bend of the filaments during the formation and propagation of the filaments.
Synthesis of a Novel Donor Unit for Organic Light-Emitting Materials: 10-octyl-3,7-Di(thiophen-2-yl)-10H-phenothiazine
Authors: Sun Xiao Xia , Tang Ze Biao , Yan He Wei , Miao Le Ping
Published: June 2014

A novel electron donor unit based on phenothiazine has been designed and constructed. The target compound 10-octyl-3,7-di (thiophen-2-yl)-10H-phenothiazine was easily synthesized in high yields with a milder and efficient route via the Suzuki coupling reaction. Optical spectra show that, from the solution to the solid state, both the absorption and fluorescence spectra of the target compound are small blue-shifted. Moreover, the fluorescence spectra exhibit the emission maxima of the target compound ranging from 485 nm to 496 nm, which belongs to blue-green light range. As expected, the target compound should be a promising donor to construct D-A type materials for applications in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs).
Technological Development of 6.5wt%Si Electrical Steel Production
Authors: Ji Shuai , Han Jing Tao , Liu Jing , Wu Teng
Published: June 2014

6.5wt%Si electrical steel has a wide application in electrical and electronic devices based on its excellent soft magnetic properties. However, it is very hard to prepare thin sheets of this material by conventional rolling methods, because of its obvious brittleness at room temperature. In order to avoid brittleness at high silicon content, different technological development of preparations of 6.5wt%Si electrical steel are illustrated in this work.
Comparison Study on Road Performance of Modified Asphalt Mixture for Intermediate Course
Authors: Sun Zhao Hui , Zhu Guang Qiang , Ma Jing , Yu Qing Bin , Yu Bao Yang , Wang Tie Bin
Published: June 2014

High temperature, low temperature, water stability and fatigue test were done for three types of modified asphalt mixture of intermediate course used in high-grade highway engineering in Northeast region. The asphalt mixture design scheme with excellent performance suitable for application of intermediate course was selected for reference in Northeast area.
Establishment and Research on the Rebound Curve to Detect Pump Concrete Compression Strength with Resiliometer
Authors: Li Xiang , Zhang Liang , Shen Xiao Ming , Peng Shang Shi
Published: June 2014

The curve to detect concrete compression strength with resiliometer for area of Southeast province is established and studied by experiment and data analysis. The curve provides protection for the supervision and inspection of the structural engineering quality and concrete quality in the area.
Flush Rule and Initial Flush Analysis of Cement Concrete Pavement
Authors: Zhang Chao , Li Bo Fu , Jiang Ying He
Published: June 2014

Road runoff was the major contribute to water body pollution. According to the cement concrete pavement flush was evaluated by artificial rainfall model, the experiment indicated that the runoff coefficient of cement concrete pavement was 0.85, the flush coefficient of dissolvable pollutant of road runoff flush model k was 0.082, and the flush coefficient of indissolvable pollutant of road runoff flush model k was 0.057. With the increasing cumulate runoff ratio, the initial flush coefficient kn was decreasing. The emission of 90% dissolvable pollutant and of 30% indissolvable pollutant was removed by 30% runoff.
Resistance of Polymer Dispersion Additive Modified Concrete to Light Liquids Action
Authors: Gruszczyński Maciej
Published: June 2014

Numerous concrete and reinforced concrete structures (industrial floors, petrol station or manoeuvring park pavements, elements of sewage system) are subjected to danger of permanent or periodical action of petroleum liquids that often causes the considerable reduction in concrete strength as well as decrease of bond between concrete and steel, which usually results in structure damages. The subject of the paper is estimation of influence of polymer dispersion additive (styrene-acrylic co-polymer and styrene-butadiene latex) onto durability of concrete subjected to action of different types of light liquids. The influence of polymer dispersion additive was confronted with the action of silica fume usually applied for sealing the structure of concrete. In the paper there are presented tests results for different types of light liquids onto such cement-polymer concrete properties as: strength, penetration depth of light liquids into material structure.
Analysis on Bearing Capacity of Retaining Wall with Anchor
Authors: Wu Jian Qing , Li Ying Yong , Zhang Hong Bo , Song Xiu Guang , Li Chao
Published: June 2014

The opposite-pull retaining wall, formed by the anchor of both sides opposite-pulling the cantilever retaining wall, is a new type of supporting structure. Comparing with traditional retaining wall, the bearing ratio changes remarkably which will influences the structure stress. In order to popularize and apply the type of retaining wall structure, indoor model is made with different magnitude prestress applied and different magnitude is applied on top of the retaining wall to simulate different filling height. Test shows that as the top load increases the proportion of load beared by anchor decreases while that beared by retaining wall increases and the proportion of load beared by the lower anchor increases gradually. And soil arch effect appears near the anchor. The retaining wall around the anchor need reinforcement treatment during the construction.
A Study on the Snowdrift Patterns of Gable and Flat Roofs Using a Wind Tunnel
Authors: You Ki Pyo , Kim Young Moon , You Jang Youl , Paek Sun Young
Published: June 2014

Snowdrift patterns exhibit various forms according to the architectural shapes and models. As snowdrift patterns largely influence the snow loads that buildings have to withstand, a number of studies have been conducted. This study examines snowdrift patterns and how the amount of snow comes to rest depends on the shape of a roof (for flat and gable roofs) using a wind tunnel test. An analysis of snowdrift patterns and accumulation coefficients, which are representative of the depth of snow cover, for flat and gable roofs showed that accumulation coefficient decreases in accordance with increases in wind speed. The gable roof exhibited a slightly higher accumulation coefficient than the flat roof.
Experimental Research on Shear of Interface between New and Old Concrete with Bond-In Reinforcement and Practical Calculation
Authors: Li Li , Wang Zhen Ling
Published: June 2014

The shear property of bonding interface between new and old concrete with bonding-in reinforcement was researched. The shear experiment was done to 6 groups with 18 specimens with 5 interface agent types of casting new concrete directly, painting neat cement, painting merchandise agent and with bonded-in reinforcement. The shear properties of bonding interface were analyzed, and the shear strengths were compared with each other. The experiment results show that the shear strength of the interface could be enhanced remarkably with bonded-in reinforcement. The practical calculation formula was proposed, considering the influence of interface roughness, agent and bonded-in reinforcement. In the end, the formula was validated by other experiment and could be used in the strengthening design for concrete structure.
Effects of Nb Element on Mircostructure, Thermal Conductivity and Melting Point of Cu-Ni-Nb Alloy Prepared by Vacuum Arc-Melting
Authors: Lu Bai Ping , Zhang Jun Zhe , Fang Yu Feng
Published: June 2014

Effects of niobium element adding method and addition content on the microstructure, thermal conductivity and melting point of Cu-Ni-Nb alloys prepared by vacuum non-consumable arc-melting were studied. We found that it is difficult to dissolve high melting point element Nb into Cu-Ni alloy by one-step smelting. However, Nb can be dissolved into Cu-Ni alloy in style of Nb-Ni master alloy by two-steps smelting. New phases Ni3Nb and Ni8Nb generate in matrix of Cu-Ni alloy. In addition, the thermal conductivity coefficient of Cu-Ni-Nb alloy increases as increasing the content of Nb, while melting point of that alloy decreases as increasing the content of Nb. Moreover, the thermal conductivity coefficient of Cu-20Ni-3Nb alloy is 43.23W/m•k, while melting point of that alloy is 1146°C. That meets the requirement of pure copper casting process.
Applicability Study of Peck Formula Applied to Shield Tunneling in the Loess Area
Authors: Liu Rong Di , Zheng Jian Guo , Li Zhi Yuan
Published: June 2014

This paper fitted the measured data of surface settlement with the Peck formula on the background of Xi'an metro line 2, modified the trough width parameter K and volume loss η of Peck formula to make it apply to the loess region and provide a reference for future shield subway construction in loess area. The results have shown that the modified settlement trough width parameter K=0.42~0.44, volume loss η should be determined according to the different formation conditions and construction parameters, 0.7%~2.0% is reasonable under normal circumstances.
The Energy Efficiency of Residential Buildings with Light Walling
Authors: Petrosova Daria Vladimirovna , Petrosov Dmitri Vadimovich
Published: June 2014

The main direction of energy saving in construction is the construction of buildings with high heat-shielding properties walling. In connection with this widespread walling using efficient insulation, allow to increase thermal protection of buildings.
Restrained Shrinkage Behavior of Concrete under Different Environmental Conditions
Authors: Chen Zhi Tao , Li Mao Guang , Yang Ying Zi , Liu Qi
Published: June 2014

The ring test method is used to evaluate the behavior of concrete under restrained shrinkage. Four kinds of environmental conditions (20±1°C, RH60±5%; 35±1°C, RH60±5%; 50±1°C, RH15±5%; 65±1°C, RH15±5%) were designed to investigate the effect the environmental condition on the shrinkage behavior of concrete prepared with different kinds of mineral admixtures. The results show that higher temperature and lower relative humidity can increase the risk of shrinkage cracking. The addition of different mineral admixtures increases the shrinkage of concrete at room conditions. In the case of higher temperature and lower relative humidity, the addition of mineral admixtures can delay the shrinkage cracking in the test duration.
Risk Evaluation of the Subway Foundation Pit Based on Variable-Weight and Matter-Element Theory
Authors: Wang Yan Hong , Zhai Hai Zhou , Zeng Tie Mei , Zhang Li Mao
Published: June 2014

The subway foundation pit engineering is an engineering of high risk, it is great significance to evaluate the risk scientifically and accurately for making the security decision. Therefore, in this study a risk assessment approach based variable weights and matter-element extension was put forward. Firstly, the matter-element extension model was built. Secondly, calculate the degree of closeness of the matter element and determine the risk level according to the degree of closeness. Furthermore, the sensitivity analysis has been made through the variable weights. Finally, with engineering concrete example, this paper analyzed the risk of the pit body structure supported by the underground continuous wall and points out the sensitivity of indicators. The results show that the evaluation method can be more widely used in engineering than other evaluation methods.
Modernization of Residential Buildings of the 1960s
Authors: Vostrikova Elena V. , Gayevskaya Zlata Anatolyevna
Published: June 2014

Reconstruction is an important trend in construction. It helps in solving the housing problems of the Russian Federation in the present conditions , as 4-5 floor buildings become obsolete , but are an integral part of both the historical development of urban infrastructure and some of the budget options. Remodeling not only improves the appearance of buildings , but also the performance related to energy efficiency.The problems of modernization of old buildings, as opposed to demolition and construction of new housing are considered. The main disadvantage of dilapidated housing is the heat loss through the building envelope. The purpose of this article is to supply the external insulation of facades, using energy-efficient, including eco-friendly technologies.
The Research of Concrete Short Columns Strengthed with Angle Steel
Authors: Zhang Fang , Bai Sheng , Hao Jin Feng
Published: June 2014

Through the analysis of the possibilities of failure modes of RC short columns and advantages of outsourcing steel stick hair,put forward the method of reinforced concrete column strengthened with angle steel,and analyse its reinforcement effect through the experiment.
The Energy-Efficient Heat Insulation Thickness for Systems of Hinged Ventilated Facades
Authors: Vatin Nikolai , Gorshkov Aleksandr Sergeevich , Nemova Darya Viktorovna , Staritcyna Anastasiia Andreevna , Tarasova Darya Sergeevna
Published: June 2014

Calculation of payback periods of the energy saving actions directed on increase of level of thermal protection of external enclosure structures of buildings is given. Economic efficiency of investments in energy saving actions is analyzed and the model allowing to carry out the specified analysis is offered. Recommendations about reduction of payback periods are provided.Article also is devoted definition of optimum, economically well-founded thickness of a insulant in systems of rear ventilated facades. Are resulted thermotechnical and economic calculations. The optimum thickness of the insulant in the given systems is offered.A number of the energy saving actions is necessary for economy of thermal energy, allowing to eliminate defects of protecting designs or to reduce their influence on building heatconsumption. Construction of hinged ventilated facades at simultaneous introduction of automated individual thermal points with automatic equipment dependent on weather [1] can become an example of the engineering decision on increase of heat-shielding properties of protecting walls.
Application Research of Slow-Release Fertilizer in Plant Camouflage
Authors: Zhang Nai Yan , Li Xiao Qi , Qu Li Yong
Published: June 2014

Plant camouflage is one of the camouflage methods, which is conducted by using of planting and collecting plant and changing color of plant to conceal targets. It can be used to camouflage relatively big permanent fixed targets in peace time and also to camouflage relatively big permanent fixed targets in peace time and also to camouflage relatively small fixed or moving targets. However, in recent years, with the natural disasters occurring alternately, plant camouflage can be destroyed easily, and it is difficult to rebuild in a short time. To improve the effect of plant camouflage, more fertilizers are required, which may become an environmental hazard, unless adequate technical and socioeconomic impacts are addressed. A multifunctional slow-release nitrogen fertilizer has been developed to improve fertilizer use efficiency and reduce environmental pollution. In this paper, a series of slow-release formulations of nitrogen fertilizer were developed on the basis of natural attapulgite clay, ethylcellulose film, and sodium carboxymethylcellulose/hydroxylethylcellulose hydrogel. The structural of the product were examined. The slow-release profiles of ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate, and urea as nitrogen fertilizer substrates were determined in soil.
Determination of Luteolin by Fluorescence Spectrometry
Authors: Huang Wei , Wang Feng , Zhu Hong Long
Published: June 2014

It is showed that in the buffer solution of Borax-HCl (pH=6.00), the presence of LU could quench the fluorescence of OFLO, and the quenched level is linear with the concentration of luteolin in a certain range. The detection limit of luteolin is 1.27×10-9g·mL-1.The linear range of luteolin is 2.00×10-7- 8.00×10-5mol·L-1with R =0.9955. The average recovery is 99.2%, RSD = 0.75% . The average content of luteolin in honeysuckle is 212.0μg·g-1. At the same time, its mechanism is discussed by resonance light scattering and absorption spectra. Compared with other analysis methods for Luteolin which have been reported,this method has a relatively wider linear range and higher sensitivity.
Diffused Structure of Drained and Back-Ventilated Rainscreen Claddings
Authors: Petrochenko M.V. , Yavtushenko E.B.
Published: June 2014

The major problem in ventilation systems designing is an empiric range of parameters of an air cavity and rustics between cladding panels which results in unventilated layers emergence. Whereas insufficient air interchange causes icing of as substructure elements which come out into a ventilated air cavity as facing outer layer in winter period, and reducing of heat-protective properties of the structure in whole. The aim of this survey is to elaborate the methods meant for calculating the parameters of hydraulic airflow in a ventilated air cavity which allow determining rational and optimal dimensions of hydraulically optimal air cavity in rainscreens of buildings and other constructions. As an outcome it has been specified that it is necessary to design a ventilated rainscreen cladding with a ventilated air cavity expanding from bottom to top with the purpose to reduce the losses.
Based on Reliable Probability Design of Automobile Parts
Authors: Xu Zhao
Published: June 2014

This article has analyzed the stress and the intensity interference theory, has mentioned the automobile spare part tradition safety coefficient design and between the modern probability design difference and the relation emphatically.
Research and Application of Expert Safety Testing (EST) Based on Entropy Theory
Authors: Dai Guan Ga , Miao Ting Ting , Zhao Jun Ru
Published: June 2014

EST use the uniform weights to evaluate the pipeline, making the evaluation results do not truly reflect the risk profile of pipeline, so base on the EST , introduce the entropy theory to improve it. Determine the weight factors of every risk factor by calculating the entropy value of every accident factor, clear out the influence of various factors on the pipeline, make risk scoring methods can be more reasonable, accurately reflect the risk of pipeline case. At last, north line pipeline are evaluated by applying the improving method.
Constructing Reliability Analysis Model of Complex Systems Based on FMEA-FTA-BN
Authors: Ma De Zhong , Ding Wen Fei , Jiang Yong Qing , Zhou Zhen
Published: June 2014

In order to solve the difficulties existing in course of complex system reliability modeling, a novel method was proposed in this paper. According to the analysis sequence, from FMEA to FTA to BN, a BN can be constructed by making full use of the helpful information in the results of FMEA and FTA. The reliability of complex system can be analyzed based on uncertainty-expression ability and bidirectional-reasoning ability of BN. For demonstrating the effectiveness of this method, aim at the failures of gears in wind turbine gearbox, a BN for system reliability analysis was constructed.
Reliability Modeling for Systems Subject to Interactional Competing Failure Processes
Authors: Huang Wen Ping , Zhou Jing Lun , Ning Ju Hong
Published: June 2014

For complex systems or items that experience multiple dependent competing failure processes, the dependency among the failure processes presents challenging issues in reliability modeling. This article, discusses the dependence of the degradation failure processes and the traumatic failure process. On the condition of passion shock processes, a degradation failure reliability model is developed with the wiener degradation processes. By the influence of the degradation, a traumatic failure reliability model is developed under weibull failure distribution. Then, we get system reliability model deals with mutual effect of the two processes. In additional, the parameters estimation of the reliability model is solved. An applied example demonstrated the model correctness and availability.
Study of Engine Fault Diagnosis Based on Wavelet Packet Decomposition and Neural Network
Authors: Yu Fei Fei , Du Can Yi , Zeng Xiang Kun
Published: June 2014

Engine mechanical fault usually causes abnormal change of the body surface vibration signal. Cylinder surface vibration signals under normal condition, piston knocking fault condition and main bearing wear fault condition are analyzed with wavelet packet decomposition method, relative energy value of each frequency band can be calculated and then be regarded as the input vector to form the training sample, BP neural network model is used to identify the fault state, test data shows that this method can effectively recognize the fault types.