bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Potential diagnostic role of salivary miR-let-7a-5p as a biomarker in oral squamous cell carcinoma and oral lichen planus patients: A research article
Authors: Oliaei Saeid Jalili , Mohtasham Nooshin , Aghaee-Bakhtiari Seyed Hamid , Khazaeni Kamran , Farshbaf Alieh , Mozafari Pegah Mosannen , Mohajertehran Farnaz
Published: June 2022

Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma is one of the most common oral lesions that rapid diagnosis is extremely beneficial for conventional treatment. Oral lichen planus is a pre-malignant condition with the transformation potential to oral squamous cell carcinoma. Recently, the microRNAs have been considered as the novel regulator biomarkers for gene expression and early diagnosis of malignant lesions as well as evaluation of the potential for pre-malignant changes in the lesions. So, we evaluated the miR-Let-7a-5p expression in the saliva of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma, oral lichen planus, and control groups to achieve an early diagnostic marker.Methods:This cross-sectional study was conducted for 15 months at the Dental Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Fresh salvia was collected from oral lichen planus patients (n = 27), oral squamous cell carcinoma patients (n = 28), and healthy individuals (n = 25). The expression of miR-let-7a-5p was evaluated among the three groups by quantitative polymerase chain reaction.Results:In this study, three groups were quantitatively and qualitatively evaluated for miR-let-7a-5p expression in saliva. The results showed that there was a statistically significant correlation in the mean quantitative and qualitative expression of miR-let-7a-5p among the three groups.Conclusions:The levels of miR-let-7a-5p expression were significantly lower in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma and oral lichen planus compared to healthy controls. The miR-let-7a-5p can be consideredas a biomarker in saliva that we propose to be potentiallyreliable in the diagnosis and prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma and also oral lichen planus transformation.
Tropical infections as occupational diseases among young volunteers in social projects
Authors: Phiri Bruno S. J. , Küpper Thomas , Kölsch Yvonne Amelie
Published: June 2022

Purpose: The trend of volunteering overseas has increased tremendously over the last decade. Volunteers often go to regions where they are exposed to tropical infections like malaria, dengue, typhoid fever and schistosomiasis. Health assessments have shown a high occurrence of tropical infections among young volunteers. Such tropical infections are notifiable in Germany, as they are covered by a separate branch of the social insurance system. However, there is still limited data on systematical improvement of medical prevention and health care for volunteers.Methods: This retrospective study included 457 cases with a diagnosis for a tropical infection or typhoid fever from January 2016 to December 2019. Data sets were anonymised and then analysed with descriptive statistics first. Cases of volunteers send abroad by “Weltwärts” were compared to cases of aid workers send to non-industrial countries. Results: A high occurrence of tropical infections as occupational diseases has been shown for volunteers compared to other (mostly older) aid workers being sent to tropical regions. The risk of acquiring a tropical infection was significantly higher in Africa compared to other tropical regions. Significantly, more volunteers were diagnosed with malaria during the period under review. Medical check-ups after travel were rare among volunteers.Conclusions: Data imply a disproportionate risk for malaria in Africa with a higher risk of acquiring falciparum malaria in Sub-Saharan regions. Region-specific risks need to be addressed in training seminars in order to raise awareness among young volunteers before travel. Medical examinations after travel should be mandatory and specific to a particular region.
Environmental Impacts of Cement Production on Surface Water Quality, Vegetation and Workers’ Health
Authors: Agbede Orisunmibare T. , Adeofun Clement O. , Adetunji Michael T. , Taiwo Adewale M. , Arowolo Toyin A.
Published: June 2022

The present study investigated environmental impacts of cement production on surface water quality and vegetation around the vicinity of the industry. A two-year study was conducted covering both wet and dry seasons. Water samples were collected from Akinbo River where the Cement industry discharges its liquid waste/effluents. Samples were analysed for physical and chemical parameters using standard procedures. The vegetation around the factory was studied for chlorophyll, plant density, basal areas and heights of woody species. The study also assessed the health impacts of cement production activities on the workers and the residents around the factory. The health assessment was based on the hospital information obtained from two clinics in the nearby villages. The water quality results revealed high concentrations of Ca and Fe. All the trees sampled around the study area had small basal areas and short heights. There was also a significant reduction in the chlorophyll contents of vegetations around the cement factory. The health study showed a high incidence of upper respiratory tract infections, cardiovascular diseases, arthritis, and dermatitis among the cement factory workers. The present study suggests an upward review of the dust-suppressing system in use by the industry for the protection of public health.
Evaluation of Mental Health Status in healthcare workers during COVID-19 pandemic in south west of Iran
Authors: Sarvandian Sara , Hosseinpour Shima , Hoseinynejad Khojasteh , irani Reza Davasaz , Pakseresht Sirus , Rahimi Zahra
Published: June 2022

Background
During the COVID-19 pandemic, healthcare workers were exposed to risk of physical and mental health status. The aim of this study was evaluation of Mental Health Status during Covid-19 pandemic in healthcare workers in Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences.
Methods
In total, 2552 healthcare wokers that work in 24 hospitals and 212 Comprehensive health centers were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. All healthcare professional (clinical and none clinical staffs) who had been working in the hospitals and health center of AJUMS during the COVID-19 pandemic were surveyed. The three questionnaires consist of demographic, PHQ9, Kessler Scale were distributed across social media.
Results
The mean age of participants was 37.94 ± 8.07 years and 25.3% of participation was male. There was significant difference between mean score of Kessler and PHQ9 Scale on males and females (P < 0.001). Also the results showed a significant difference between depression, anxiety, and stress and working on intensive care unit. According to result of the Kessler scale 27% of participants had moderate to severe. A majority of the respondents (65.5%) in all professions had moderate to severe mental distress scores according to the Kessler scale. The results of logistic regression model illustrated that the effect of gender, work place, supporting by families and collogues, job satisfaction and feel the stress of media coverage of COVID 19 was significant on depression and anxiety (P < 0.05).
Conclusions
The present study revealed that medical and health worker suffer from great mental health problems. In this study, up to one-fifth of medical staff had stress, anxiety or depression symptoms and more than half of them had psychological distress.
Understanding the effects of site-scale water-sensitive urban design (WSUD) in the urban water cycle: a review
Authors: Meng Xuli
Published: June 2022

With city growth, the development of vacant or under-used land parcels is becoming more common compared to the past. The current ‘water-sensitive urban design (WSUD)’ approach to such development will improve resource efficiency, liveability, and the amenity of cities, especially natural water systems. However, there is a need to quantify the water performance of site-scale WSUD options, especially about how these options impact the ‘natural’ and ‘anthropogenic’ flows in the urban water cycle. This study reviewed research about site-scale applications, summarizing the urban water cycle studies from before development to after development. Key findings (i) include very big margin was quantified by (a) water retention (30–100%) and (b) portable water demand reduction (18–100%) for selected site-scale WSUD options through six research studies; (ii) still unclear about the selected site-scale WSUD options’ interaction performance in the urban water cycle between each water accounts, and (iii) need to clarify the site-scale WSUD option's contribution under specific rainfall scenarios. In summary, this study aims to review the literature on the urban water cycle; review the effects of site-scale WSUD options in the urban water cycle; review the water mass balance and relevant evaluation application, and highlight the opportunities for the future urban water cycle studies.
Using a fish entrainment model assistant in a reservoir operation in China
Authors: Bao Meixia , Li Pengcheng , Han Yu , Zhang Wenming , Li Yike , Yao Weiwei
Published: June 2022

Individual fish are vulnerable in hydropower reservoirs due to spillway and intake operations. It is essential to understand how reservoir forebay fish ecosystems respond to water levels, intake, and spillway regulation. This study aims to explore the fish entrainment risk of the Dawei Reservoir operation on the Dadu River in Sichuan, China, accounting for both intake and spillway operations under wet, normal, and dry seasonal reservoir water levels. Hydrodynamic variables, reservoir operation scenarios, and two fish species were used as indexes to analyze the fish entrainment risk. The simulation results showed that the fish entrainment risk was low under the Dawei intake operation schemes ranging from 0.84 × 103 to 5.97 × 103 m2. The results also showed that the fish entrainment risk was very high under the Dawei spillway operation in fish entrainment areas ranging from 3.90 × 104 to 2.08 × 105 m2. Based on the simulation results, the lowest fish entrainment risk happened with two intakes open and the reservoir water level at 2,640 m. The highest fish entrainment risk happened with five intakes open and the reservoir water level at 2,670 m. The results indicate that the long-term Dawei Reservoir regulation would not modify the fish entrainment risk at significant levels under the Dawei Reservoir operation schemes.
Dynamic and initial head loss in full-scale wastewater filtration and measures to prevent long-term initial head loss
Authors: Jonsson Lena Margareta , Björlenius Berndt
Published: June 2022

Dual media sand filters at Henriksdal WWTP began to show high head loss after five years of operation, especially during the fluidization for sorting the filter bed after backwashing. At that time, the filters were still clean and the dynamic head loss, due to clogging of the filters with suspended solids during a cycle of operation, had its lowest value. Dynamic head loss over the lower sand layer surface in the dual media sand filter was detected in some filter cycles of operation. The initial head loss in the filters has increased over the years. This type of head loss is constant during a cycle of operation and increases only slowly with time. It is due to different factors, as precipitation of ferric oxide hydroxide in the nozzle slots and on the grains in the filter bed, and accumulation of filter bed grains below the filter bottom. Different measures were tested to reduce or eliminate the initial head loss in the filters. Results from frequency diagrams showed that changing nozzles and removing of filter bed material from below the filter bottom were the most favourable actions. Backwashing more frequently and with more sequences also reduced the initial head loss.
Recent Advancements in Development of Radical Silylation Reactions
Authors: Khatravath Mahender , Maurya Rohit Kumar , Dey Ashutosh , Burra Amarender Goud , Chatterjee Rana , Dandela Rambabu
Published: June 2022

Transition metal-free radical hydrosilylation of alkynes and factionalized alkenes to vinylsilanes, organosilanes from alkenes, radical silylative cyclizations for sila heterocycles, aromatic dehydrogenative radical silylation, sila-amino acids, silyl hydroperoxides by using transition metal-free reaction conditions such as peroxides, photocatalyst, hydrogen atom transfer catalyst, radical initiators have become one of the most important and useful methodologies for the construction of C-Si bonds for their synthetic applications. In order to demonstrate the growth in this area, this review highlights the last twenty years of success in the fields of silylation of aromatics, silylative cyclizations of sila heterocycles, synthesis of vinylsilanes by hydrosilylation of alkynes, and functionalized alkenes, organosilanes from alkenes and dehydrogenative approaches for vinylsilanes involving radical mechanisms. We believe that summarizing these methods would be very useful for the chemists who are interested in the synthesis of organosilicon compounds for drug discovery or the development of silicon-based materials for industrial applications.
Cannabis and Driving: Developing Guidelines for Safety Policies
Authors: Manetti Federico , Chericoni Silvio , Marrocco Anna , Scopetti Matteo , Padovano Martina , Santurro Alessandro , Frati Paola , Gabbrielli Mario , Fineschi Vittorio
Published: June 2022

Introduction:

The dynamism in the regulatory frameworks concerning the consumption
of cannabinoids has placed their effects on cognitive and psychomotor skills at the center of
the scientific debate. In consideration of the potential repercussions on public safety, particular
attention has been focused on the impairment of driving skills, opening up the need to specifically
regulate driving under the effects of cannabinoids.

Pharmacokinetics:

Both native cannabinoids and metabolites show a long positivity at low concentrations
in the biological fluids, especially in the case of chronic consumption. Qualitative positivity
to cannabinoids does not itself prove the presence of detrimental effects, which require the
presence of active substances at relevant concentrations.

Driving Skill Impairment:

Multiple studies highlight a tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) concentration-
based alteration of driving skills mainly affecting automatisms, whereas skills subjected to
cognitive control are preserved up to higher dosages. The evidence relating to associations with
other substances, chronic consumption and other cannabinoids, on the other hand, is still burdened
by a high degree of uncertainty.

Regulation Policies:

Different models can be adopted in the regulation of driving under the effects
of cannabinoids: sanctions can be applied in case of qualitative positivity, cannabinoids concentration
above a defined threshold, or in presence of a demonstrated state of cognitive alteration.

Conclusion:

"Per se limit" with a quantitative THC cut-off between 3.5 and 5 ng/ml can currently
be considered the most balanced choice. Finally, the analysis carried out allowed to identify pitfalls
in both scientific and legislative fields for the improvement of safety policies
Combined Inhibition of KIF11 and KIF15 as an Effective Therapeutic
Strategy for Gastric Cancer
Authors: Jiao Zuo-Yi , Sun Ruo-Fei , He Na , Zhang Geng-Yuan , Yu Ze-Yuan , Li Lian-Shun , Ma Zhi-Jian
Published: June 2022

Background:

Novel tuppherapeutic strategies are urgently required to improve clinical outcomes of gastric cancer (GC). KIF15 cooperates with KIF11 to promote bipolar spindle assembly and formation, which is essential for proper sister chromatid segregation. Therefore, we speculated that the combined inhibition of KIF11 and KIF15 might be an effective strategy for GC treatment. Hence, to test this hypothesis, we aimed to evaluate the combined therapeutic effect of KIF15 inhibitor KIF15-IN-1 and KIF11 inhibitor ispinesib in GC.

Methods:

We validated the expression of KIF11 and KIF15 in GC tissues using immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting. Next, we determined the effects of KIF11 or KIF15 knockout on the proliferation of GC cell lines. Finally, we investigated the combined effects of the KIF11 and KIF15 inhibitors both in vitro and in vivo.

Results:

KIF11 and KIF15 were overexpressed in GC tissues than in the adjacent normal tissues. Knockout of either KIF11 or KIF15 inhibited the proliferative and clonogenic abilities of GC cells. We found that the KIF15 knockout significantly increased ispinesib sensitivity in GC cells, while its overexpression showed the opposite effect. Further, using KIF15-IN-1 and ispinesib together had a synergistic effect on the antitumor proliferation of GC both in vitro and in vivo.

Conclusion:

This study shows that the combination therapy of inhibiting KIF11 and KIF15 might be an effective therapeutic strategy against gastric cancer.
Natural Antioxidants of the Underutilized and Neglected Plant Species of Asia and South America
Authors: Shahrajabian Mohamad Hesam , Marmitt Diorge Jonatas , Cheng Qi , Sun Wenli
Published: June 2022

Background:

Plants have played an essential role in the search for new compounds for the most diverse therapeutic purposes. Recently, more attention has been paid to natural antioxidants because of the possible insecurity of synthetic antioxidants.

Objective:

The review is aimed at summarizing the most important and common natural antioxidants and their resources from medicinal plants.

Methods:

The research was performed using data bases of PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, Taylor and Francis, etc. to search for all collected scientific publications.

Results:

The most important medicinal plants with antioxidant activities in Iran are Artemisia, berberry fruit, borage, calendula, coriander, cumin, green tea, hawthorn, jujube, pomegranate, rose, rosemary, black zira, tea, and thyme. Important traditional medicinal plants with antioxidant activities in China are Asparagus, bindii, blueberries, camellia, Chinese bayberry, Chinese bitter melon, Chinese cabbage, Chinese cherry, Chinese jujube, Chinese olive, pomegranate, Chinese rose tea, Chinese toon, Chinese watermelon, black tea, knotweed, Chinese quince, Chinese rhubarb, sumac, wolfberry, dendrobium, drumstick tree, Fiscus species, ginger, ginkgo, goji berry, grape, Jerusalem thorn, kiwifruit seed oil, and liquorice root. Anacardium occidentale L., Ananas comosus (L.) Merril, Baccharis trimera (Less) DC., Carapa guianensis Aubl., Casearia sylvestris Sw., Cordia verbenacea DC., Croton lechleri Müll. Arg., and Eugenia uniflora L. are the main medicinal plants with antioxidant activities in Brazil.

Conclusion:

Antioxidants are those molecules that are involved in the scavenging of these reactive species causing oxidative stress and are defined as those substances which could prevent the oxidation of the substrate at low concentrations. The main derived exogenous natural antioxidants are derived from medicinal plants, fruits, foods, flowers, and traditional herbal medicines in different parts of the world
Resveratrol in Cancer Treatment with a Focus on Breast Cancer
Authors: Gilasi Hamid Reza , Hamblin Michael R , Mirzaei Hamed , Kowsari Hamed , Davoodvandi Amirhossein , Dashti Fatemeh , Mirazimi Seyed Mohamad Ali , Bahabadi Zahra Razaghi , Aschner Michael , Sahebkar Amirhossein
Published: June 2022

Acute liver injury (ALI) is a critical and fatal disorder associated with excessive Although
considerable advances have been made in the early diagnosis and treatment of breast
cancer, it is still one of the major causes of global cancer-related death in women over the last
several decades. Phytochemicals have been shown to be promising agents in the prevention and
treatment of breast cancer. Resveratrol is an important plant-derived polyphenolic compound
with a variety of potent biological activities. It has been suggested that resveratrol can be used
to prevent and treat various types of cancer, including breast cancer. Resveratrol can affect numerous
signaling pathways in vitro, leading to the induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis,
suppression of proliferation, reduction of inflammatory responses, and the inhibition of angiogenesis
and metastasis. Nevertheless, studies of resveratrol in animal models of breast cancer
have so far been disappointing.
Synthesis, Characterization, In vitro Antimicrobial Evaluation and Molecular
Docking Studies of Pyrazole Based Pyrimidine and Pyrazolone
Motifs
Authors: Desai Nisheeth C. , Khasiya Ashvinkumar G. , Dave Bharti P. , Khedkar Vijay M.
Published: June 2022

Background:

In the past few decades, mankind is suffering from tormented life-threatening infectious diseases caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria. As a result, new antimicrobial classes with distinct modes of action are required to combat multidrug-resistant infections.

Objective:

The pyrazole-based pyrimidine and pyrazolone motifs were synthesized, characterized, and screened for their antimicrobial activity. Molecular docking was carried out for the development of antimicrobial agents based on the results of biological activity obtained.

Methods:

We have synthesized a new series of pyrazole containing pyrimidine-pyrazolone hybrids by using multi-step reactions in the search of antimicrobial agents (7a-o). The structures were determined by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, IR, and mass spectroscopy techniques. Moreover, synthesized compounds were evaluated for their antimicrobial activity by using serial Broth dilution method.

Results:

Antimicrobial activity of synthesized compounds has been tested against bacterial and fungal strains. Compound 7o was most effective against S. aureus with MIC = 0.096 M/mL. A molecular docking study against microbial DNA gyrase revealed important information about the mechanisms underlying antimicrobial efficacy. Through significant interactions with active site residues, all of the compounds were able to dock well into the enzyme's active site. Furthermore, Compounds 7a (0.531 M/mL), 7b (0.456 M/mL), and 7m (0.485 M/mL) showed excellent antifungal activity against C. albicans compared to the positive control griseofulvin.

Conclusion:

It has been concluded that compounds containing electron-donating groups are found to be most active against bacterial strains while compounds having both electron-donating as well as electron-withdrawing groups are most favorable for antifungal activity.
O fenomenologicznym doświadczaniu muzyki
Authors: Kokowska Mariola
Published: June 2022

This paper aims to present issues related to the aesthetic experience of musical art in the context of selected theoretical assumptions of phenomenology. The key task is to show different perspectives of understanding the nature and way of experiencing music. The description deals with the following issues: limits of knowledge, phenomenological experience of music, phenomenological thought (musicology, psychology, and anthro- pology), penetration from philosophical thought to (music) psychology, and music ther- apy. Reflections on the qualitative-quantitative approach to the experience of musical art are complemented by considerations of music perception and aesthetic experience.
Stanisław Moryto – Carmina Crucis. Perkusyjne medytacje Męki Pańskiej
Authors: Lorent Leszek
Published: June 2022

Among many musical genres, one of the most important places is passion. The contemplations of the passion of the Lord through various means of expression have for many years been centered around two works by Johann Sebastian Bach: St. John and St. Matthew Passion – which are the original and deep musical interpretations of this genre. Contemporary composers introduced to the Passion music percussion instruments, whose sound from the down of history was connected with various forms of the sacrum. This article deals with Carmina Crucis by Stanisław Moryto. The author – an active percussionist – presents the most important technical, technological, and interpretative solutions of this work.
Nowe ujęcie procesu twórczego w muzyce. Wewnętrzna polemika między założeniami estetycznymi a teraźniejszą rzeczywistością kryzysu
Authors: Skardowska Ewa
Published: June 2022

The creative artistic process linked to composing in modernity may now be viewed from different perspectives. Even though composing remains the central part of the creative process, there are other parts like artistic performance, improvisation, and sound engineering. The composer creating the composition will not be able to bring the composition to life without the help of the performer. The artistic process represents the idealistic triad of concepts: the beautiful, the true, and the good – the qualities that lead the artist’s inter-ego into the outer world. When the work is prompted by basic and felt emotions containing the creative spark, one sees the “content” of the “beautiful form” at the deepest level of the artistic soul. In the creative act, the formal element is the artist’s idea being passed on to the recipients. The creativity of artists-musicians in the times of the Covid pandemic 2019–2021 constantly develops into new forms and designs. In the reality of the art “Internet avant-garde,” the expansion of the virtual transmission becomes common. Today, the creative process, based on an attempt to recreate the ephemeral state of continuity and perfect union with music, seems to be dependent on new means of expression and streaming. Even though the category of artistic work has been modified in correlation with the world of transmitted data, the artistic works, by definition incongruent with the virtual reality, in times of crisis, must remain in dialog with it.
Understanding Factor Configurations Explaining Physician Loyalty to Online Health Communities Based on an Extended RFD Model (Preprint)
Authors: Xia Sudi , Deng Shengli , Wang Fan , Xu Jiahui
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND

Given the dilemma of problematic physician engagement in the online health community (OHC), the improvement of OHC physician loyalty is able to enhance OHC's sustainable development and physician stickiness effectively.

OBJECTIVE

This paper attempts to investigate the status, difference and factor configurations of OHC physician loyalty.

METHODS

Based on the extended RFD model, six OHCs in China were selected as datasets to measure 509 physician loyalty of haodf.com. Drawing on perceived value theory and the fsQCA method, the factor configurations explaining OHC physician loyalty are presented from the perspective of benefit and cost.

RESULTS

The distribution of OHC physician loyalty is uneven. Except for minor physicians with high levels of loyalty, most physicians have moderate or low loyalty. Drawing on behavioral and attitudinal loyalty, 509 physicians could be classified into 18 true-loyalty physicians, 107 latent-loyalty physicians, and 384 no-loyalty physicians. For true-loyalty physicians, they demonstrate more proactive behaviors than the other two. Latent-loyalty physicians have high attitudinal loyalty but low behavioral loyalty. The perceived benefits of no-loyalty physicians are minor than true-loyalty and latent-loyalty physicians, but their perceived cost is higher than the other two types. In addition, drawing on the fsQCA method, this study also discovers 2 types of factor configurations that explain OHC physician loyalty, including low-cost type and dedicated type.

CONCLUSIONS

This study expands the application context of the RFD model, reveals the uneven distribution law of OHC physician loyalty degree, identifies physician groups in three loyalty conditions, and explores two factor configurations that explain OHC physician loyalty.
The influence of pro-vaping gate watchers on the dissemination of COVID-19 misinformation on Twitter (Preprint)
Authors: Silver Nathan , Kierstead Elexis , Kostygina Ganna , Tran Hy , Briggs Jodie , Emery Sherry , Schillo Barbara
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND

Misinformation about a potential protective role of nicotine against COVID-19 spread on Twitter despite significant evidence to the contrary. We suggest that the pro-vaping ideological slant of Twitter’s opinion leaders on this subject or “gatewatchers” helped drive the dissemination of such misinformation.

OBJECTIVE

This research examines Twitter discourse at the intersection of COVID-19 and nicotine 1) to identify the extent to which the most outspoken contributors to this conversation self-identify as vaping advocates and 2) to understand how and to what extent these gatewatchers influence the spread of misinformation about nicotine as a therapeutic against COVID-19.

METHODS

An exhaustive sample of tweets discussing nicotine and COVID-19 (N =1,420,271) posted during the first 9 months of the pandemic (January-September of 2020) was identified using validated keyword filters. The most prolific tweeters, i.e. gatewatchers, were identified and characterized. Additionally, the top hashtags and most shared URL’s were collected, in addition to a content analysis of the top 1,000 retweets.

RESULTS

Users self-identifying as “harm-reduction advocates” comprised 13 of the top 15 most active users, tweeting about COVID-19 and nicotine 25,332 times during this 9-month period, an average of M(SD) = 1,948 (995.08) tweets each with M(SD)=1,103 (830.15) retweets. The top 15 hashtags were used a total of 223,629 times. In addition to top hashtags related to COVID-19 and nicotine, other top hashtags included #quitforcovid (2.31% of hashtags used), #nomeatnocoronavirus (5.14%) and #wevapewevote (1.61%). Five of the top 15 URLs shared promoted the claim that nicotine is protective against COVID-19. Among the top 1,000 retweets (shared 578,762 times) 10.7% discussed the protective role of nicotine. Ninety-eight of the top retweets explicitly promoted the protective role of nicotine and were retweeted 21,782 times.

CONCLUSIONS

The pro-vaping orientation of Twitter’s most outspoken voices regarding COVID-19 and nicotine helped spread misinformation about a protective role of nicotine against COVID-19. Although these gatewatchers do not control what content is posted to Twitter, they have outsized influence over which content trends. The result is an information environment where pro-vaping information is far more likely to trend than information about the harms and consequences.
Cohesión barrial en Monterrey. Interacciones socioterritoriales en las colonias Sarabia, Treviño, Terminal y Obrerista
Authors: Jurado Montelongo Mario Alberto , Contreras Delgado Camilo , Sánchez Rodríguez Isabel C. , Vázquez Martínez Gustavo Adolfo
Published: June 2022

Objetivo: analizar, bajo el concepto de barrio, las dinámicas cohesivas de los habitantes de cuatro colonias de Monterrey, considerando sus vínculos, sus prácticas, sus valores, su espacio y la pertenencia a un territorio. Metodología: es cualitativa e incluye entrevistas y mapas participativos mediante los cuales se construyó la narrativa del objeto de estudio. Los habitantes de las colonias seleccionadas son el eje central. Resultados: a) la cohesión social que tiene mayor duración es aquella con fuertes bases socioterritoriales; b) este tipo de cohesión barrial se mantiene y se actualiza mediante innovaciones sociales y acciones colectivas. Limitaciones: por la naturaleza de sus objetivos, el estudio no contempló la acción ni la influencia actual de los jóvenes. Valor: este es uno de los pocos trabajos sobre los primeros barrios obreros de Monterrey que destaca la cohesión barrial desde una perspectiva mixta, es decir, geográfica y social. Conclusiones: se demuestra que la cohesión social que tiene mayor duración es aquella que se sustenta con firmeza sobre bases socioterritoriales y que la cohesión barrial descansa en innovaciones sociales y acciones colectivas.
La gobernanza de la British Columbia Assembly of First Nations: una estrategia para salir de la Ley India
Authors: Cordero Marines Liliana
Published: June 2022

La British Columbia Assembly of Firts Nations es una organización política representativa de las Primeras Naciones que habitan Columbia Británica. A través de una metodología cualitativa, basada en el análisis de contenido, se examinó la página web de la asamblea con el fin de entender cómo se concibe la gobernanza, en tanto estrategia central. Se concluye que consiste en un ejercicio colectivo y horizontal, de establecimiento de reglas y acuerdos -coherentes con las tradiciones legales y culturales indígenas-, y es empleada como el mecanismo privilegiado para alcanzar la autodeterminación, construir o reconstruir los autogobiernos y trascender la Ley India.
Causas contemporáneas de la migración en Mesoamérica
Authors: Durand Jorge
Published: June 2022

México y Centroamérica son la principal fuente de mano de obra foránea, permanente y temporal, para Estados Unidos y Canadá, y conforman el sistema migratorio Mesoamericano con características muy similares. No obstante, sus procesos históricos son muy diferentes. En México fue la vecindad, el reclutamiento y la articulación de oferta y demanda de mano de obra el principal motor de la migración que tuvo su origen a fines del siglo XIX. En lo que concierne a Centro América el detonador fue la violencia desatada en las últimas tres décadas del siglo XX, en sus diferentes modalidades: política, armada, social y sistémica, que conformaron diversos tipos de migrantes: exiliados, refugiados, migrantes económicos, forzados y desarraigados. Este artículo analiza principales causas contemporáneas de la migración en el sistema migratorio mesoamericano, que actualmente son las llamadas causas estructurales, pero rebautizadas como violencia sistémica, pobreza neoliberal e impunidad institucional.
La niñez y juventud migrante de retorno en México: Hallazgos, avances y pendientes (2015-2022)
Authors: Jacobo Suárez Mónica Liliana
Published: June 2022

La migración de retorno en México ha tenido cambios importantes durante el siglo XXI. Posterior al incremento observado en la primera década del siglo, la población de retorno ha ido a la baja. Además, los niños y jóvenes han emergido como un subgrupo de creciente importancia dentro de esta población. Este artículo discute de manera crítica 1) las investigaciones que documentan las características, necesidades y experiencia de re-integración de niños y jóvenes de retorno y, 2) las políticas y acciones diseñadas desde el gobierno federal para atender las necesidades de esta población. El artículo busca contribuir a la discusión del fenómeno de retorno de niños y jóvenes de origen mexicano delineando áreas prioritarias sobre las cuales aún tenemos interrogantes importantes desde la investigación, además de señalar los vacíos más urgentes por cubrir desde la política pública en favor de la niñez y juventud migrante de retorno.
Ansiedad y miedo en niños atendidos en consulta odontológica de la Universidad de Cartagena
Authors: Ramos Martínez Ketty , Alfaro Zola Lizelia Margarita , Madera Anaya Meisser Vidal , González Martínez Farith
Published: June 2022

Objetivo: Determinar los niveles de ansiedad y miedo a la consulta odontológica en niños atendidos en la Universidad de Cartagena. Material y métodos: Mediante un diseño transversal se seleccionaron 284 niños entre tres y ocho años, excluyendo a niños con discapacidades motoras, cognitivas y síndromes. A los niños entre seis a ocho años se les aplicó la escala combinada de miedo y a los de tres a cinco años la escala de Corah modificada dirigida a los padres. Se aplicaron pruebas de estadística descriptiva y para la comparación entre los grupos las pruebas t-Student, ANOVA y Kruskal-Wallis; asumiendo un límite de significancia de 0.05. Resultados: Se encontraron altos niveles de miedo y ansiedad durante la colocación de anestesia, ruido de equipos rotatorios y aislamiento dental. Se observaron diferencias en la edad durante la consulta (p = 0.03) y el aislamiento dental (p = 0.02) y con el sexo en la profilaxis (p = 0.02). Conclusión: Existen altos niveles de miedo y ansiedad ante la consulta odontológica en niños atendidos en la Universidad de Cartagena, se sugiere que estos niveles difieren de acuerdo con la edad, sexo y procedimientos odontológicos.
Valoración de técnicas de citología en mucosa bucal en pacientes con síndrome de Sjögren
Authors: Busamia Beatriz , Gobbi Carla , Albiero Eduardo , Yorio Marcelo
Published: June 2022

El objetivo del presente trabajo es comparar dos técnicas de estudio de citología bucal, la citología exfoliativa y de impresión, para evaluar cambios en la mucosa oral que permitan el diagnóstico no invasivo de síndrome de Sjögren (SS). Pacientes: Se seleccionaron 50 pacientes apareados por sexo y edad, diagnosticados con síndrome de Sjögren según criterios del Consenso Americano-Europeo. Los pacientes fueron distribuidos en tres grupos experimentales: controles sanos (C), n = 14, boca y ojo secos sin SS (BO), n = 13, y con SS n = 23. Material y métodos: Para la citología exfoliativa se utilizó cepillo recolector de células (Citobrush) deslizándolo a lo largo de la lámina de vidrio, fijándose posteriormente en etanol al 95%. En citologías por impresión se utilizó papel de acetato de celulosa (Milipore Hawp 304®), en tiras de un cm de longitud colocadas sobre la superficie de la mucosa bucal sobre el surco vestibular superior inmovilizando el papel y presionando por tres segundos. Se tiñeron con técnica de Papanicolau (PAP). Se valoró la morfología e histomorfometría, estudiando: área citoplasmática (AC), área nuclear (AN), relación núcleo-citoplasma (N:C) y cantidad de células por milímetro cuadrado (mm2 ). Resultados: Ambas técnicas nos permitieron observar en C: células epiteliales pavimentosas aisladas, basófilos, núcleos centrales normales, 20 a 30 por mm2 , relación N/C 1:8. En el grupo BO: células aisladas, agrupadas y plegadas, con citoplasma a predominio eosinófilo, aumento de la cantidad de células 40 por mm2 , relación núcleo-citoplasma relación N/C 1:4. En los pacientes SS se observó el área nuclear con cromatina más densa, 400 células por mm2 , y relación N/C 1:2 en relación a BO y C. Hubo diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los grupos en todas las características estudiadas. Conclusión: Podríamos inferir que la citología por impresión puede ser utilizada en el diagnóstico de lesiones orales y sistémicas en pacientes con hiposalivación.
Quiste óseo solitario maxilar y mandibular. Reporte de un caso y revisión de la literatura
Authors: Saldaña Sánchez Alejandro , Gómez Pedroso Balandrano Arturo , Díaz Castillejos Risk , Castillo Ham Guillermina Castillo Ham
Published: June 2022

El quiste óseo solitario es una lesión benigna cuyo origen sigue siendo hasta hoy desconocido, siendo el traumatismo la principal teoría de su origen, atribuido a un sangrado intraóseo, el cual no permite la reparación ósea, lo que conlleva a la formación de una cavidad quística con contenido serohemático sin revestimiento epitelial siendo la mandíbula la más afectada en la mayoría de los casos; se presenta en pacientes entre 20 y 30 años, con prevalencia por género masculino, asintomática, de crecimiento lento y desplazamiento de corticales, pudiendo producir fracturas patoló- gicas mandibulares, su hallazgo es incidental durante el examen radiográfico, observándose como una imagen radiolúcida uni- o multilocular, con bordes definidos, sin zona esclerótica. Estudios complementarios de tomografía y resonancia magnética, han mostrado que estas cavidades no necesariamente están ocupadas por líquido, sino que puede haber gas o estar vacías. Se debe de hacer diagnóstico diferencial con quiste dentígero, ameloblastoma, tumor odontogénico queratinizante, tumor odontogénico epitelial calcificante, tumor odontogénico adenomatoide.
Tratamiento de recesiones gingivales múltiples clase I y III de Miller combinando injerto de tejido conectivo sub-epitelial con técnica en túnel
Authors: Lino Aguilar Vianey , González Estrella Ivonne Zuly , Martínez Hernández Rosalía , Hurtado Sánchez Araceli
Published: June 2022

Introducción: La recesión gingival puede estar relacionada con la enfermedad periodontal o condiciones mucogingivales ocasionando hipersensibilidad, caries radicular y problemas estéticos. La combinación de la técnica en túnel y el injerto de tejido conectivo subepitelial puede considerarse una opción para el tratamiento de recesiones gingivales múltiples. Presentación del caso: Paciente de sexo femenino de 38 años de edad, al interrogatorio refiere tener hipersensibilidad dentaria en los dientes superiores (13, 14, 22, 23, 24) que presentan recesión gingival. A la valoración periodontal se observan recesiones gingivales clase I y III de Miller en cuadrante I y II, el diagnóstico periodontal es periodonto sano. Para realizar la cobertura radicular se planea combinar la colocación de injerto de tejido conectivo subepitelial con técnica en túnel, siendo un procedimiento adecuado cuando las papilas interdentales son amplias, además de ser una técnica de alta predictibilidad para lograr la cobertura radicular. En este caso, se decidió iniciar por el segundo cuadrante, ya que eran los sitios con mayor hipersensibilidad dentaria y un mes después realizar el tratamiento en el primer cuadrante. Conclusiones: La técnica que se aplicó permitió eliminar la hipersensibilidad dentaria en un 100% considerando como única desventaja el doble sitio quirúrgico del sitio donador. Es importante mencionar que además de lograr mejoría en la hipersensibilidad dentaria, se mejoraron las condiciones estéticas.
Los primeros dentistas japoneses en México y su influencia en el desarrollo de la Odontología
Authors: Teramoto Ohara Alberto
Published: June 2022

Durante los años de 1950 a 1980 un gran porcentaje de jóvenes descendientes de japoneses en México conocidos como nikkei mexicanos,1 tuvieron predilección por algunas profesiones universitarias, dentro de las cuales podemos destacar sobre todo la de la Odontología. Esto se debió a que esta profesión la ejercía o había ejercido algún familiar o amigo cercano, esto fue debido a una serie de acontecimientos históricos que en años anteriores habían sucedido entre los países de México y Japón que favoreció el intercambio tecnológico y que trajo como consecuencia un desarrollo en algunas áreas de la salud que favorecieron a amplias capas de la población mexicana y posteriormente en la vida de los japoneses que habían migrado a México y que en años posteriores también se vio reflejada en el desarrollo de profesionistas mexicanos de ascendencia japonesa.
Dentaduras gravitacionales inferiores: una alternativa en rebordes atróficos
Authors: Peña Chávez Mónica , Torres Terán José Federico , Moreno Maldonado Víctor , Wintergerst Lavín Ana María
Published: June 2022

La estabilidad de una prótesis convencional (PC) inferior se ve afectada por una excesiva resorción mandibular; el incremento de peso de una prótesis gravitacional (PG) por su combinación metal (interno) y acrílico (externo) puede aumentarla. Objetivo: Comparar la estabilidad, desempeño masticatorio (DM), peso y percepción del paciente con reborde atrófi co mandibular de PC contra PG. Material y métodos: Se solicitó el consentimiento informado en seis adultos mayores desdentados. La altura del reborde residual inferior fue medida en mm. A cada paciente se le elaboró una PC y una PG (idénticas). Se utilizó primero una y luego la otra; cada una en periodos de tiempos iguales. Al término del uso de cada prótesis se le realizó una encuesta tipo Likert y una escala visual análoga (EVA), midiendo la estabilidad clínica (escala de Woelfel), DM (tamaño medio de partícula con el alimento prueba artifi cial) y el peso de las prótesis (g). Se utilizó la prueba de rangos de Wilcoxon y la evaluación de correlaciones de Spearman (p = 0.05). Resultados: La prueba clínica de estabilidad resultó con diferencia signifi cativa (p = 0.046) a favor de la PG. El análisis de las correlaciones entre variables indica que a menor movimiento mayor facilidad en el habla y la reducción del alimento. En el DM no se obtuvo diferencia estadísticamente signifi cativa (p = 0.893). Conclusiones: A pesar de la limitación del tamaño de la muestra los resultados indican que las PG son más estables y pueden ser buena alternativa de tratamiento para pacientes con limitaciones económicas o no candidatos a cirugía.
Perfil epidemiológico de los pacientes portadores de ameloblastoma sometidos a cirugía en un hospital terciario del estado de São Paulo
Authors: Baldasserini Gabriel , Scomparin Leandro , M S de Freitas Karina , Martins de Souza Daniel Falbo , Cardoso Renato , B Paredes Wilber E
Published: June 2022

El ameloblastoma es un tumor odontogénico localmente invasivo cuyo diagnóstico precoz es difícil. El tratamiento puede variar desde una enucleación simple, una enucleación asociada a curetaje y/o crioterapia hasta amplias resecciones quirúrgicas. En este presente estudio se utilizaron los datos epidemiológicos de los pacientes tales como nombre, edad, género, tipo de ameloblastoma, región y tipo de tratamiento. Éstos fueron colectados a partir de las historias clínicas de los pacientes tratados en el Conjunto Hospitalar del Mandaqui durante el periodo de 01/01/2010 al 30/08/2016. Los datos fueron transcritos para el formulario usado cotidianamente en el hospital y presentados en tablas y gráfi cos. De las 11 historias clínicas seleccionadas, seis pacientes pertenecían al sexo masculino y cinco al sexo femenino, con un promedio de edad de 32 años. La región mandibular fue la más comprometida según los datos recolectados (91%). Radiográfi camente, la imagen visualizada en una mayor frecuencia fue la multilocular (64%), y por otro lado, la presencia del ameloblastoma uniquístico fue detectada en cuatro casos (36%). El tratamiento consistió en la descompresión seguida de curetaje en tres casos (27%), resección segmentar en un caso (9%), resección segmentar seguida de reconstrucción en dos casos (18%), enucleación seguida de curetaje en tres casos (27%), curetaje y aplicación de solución de Carnoy en dos casos (18%). El periodo máximo de acompañamiento fue de cinco años, no presentándose recidiva en este periodo; sin embargo, hubo pérdida de acompañamiento de estos pacientes. Con base en los datos obtenidos en la población estudiada, se concluyó que la edad promedio varió de 10 a 66 años con una media de 32 años; por otro lado, el sexo masculino fue el más comprometido correspondiendo al 55% de la muestra, siendo el tipo radiográfi co de la lesión más encontrado el multilocular (64%). Finalmente, el área mandibular más afectada fue la región posterior de la mandíbula (73%) y el tipo de tratamiento con mayor prevalencia fue el desbridamiento (27%).
Acceso y práctica odontológica en ámbito de atención privada. Representaciones sociales y salud bucal
Authors: Canseco Prado Gabriel , Jarillo Soto Edgar Carlos
Published: June 2022

Las representaciones sociales producto de la forma de percibir, interpretar y signifi car la realidad social a partir del sentido común generan conductas que infl uyen directamente en la práctica y solicitud de la atención odontológica, bajo la infl uencia de las condiciones socioeconómicas actuales del país. Los niveles de pobreza se incrementan de manera acelerada, generando mayores desigualdades sociales, con distribución de benefi cios económicos polarizados con concentración de los ingresos más altos en unos pocos. Con ello la salud-enfermedad es determinada por los niveles de ingreso, limitando el acceso a los servicios de salud para los grupos sociales más desfavorecidos. El objetivo de este estudio es conocer las representaciones sociales de salud-enfermedad odontológica y su relación con la atención y el acceso a servicios odontológicos y el tipo de atención al que acuden personas con padecimientos estomatológicos y las características de las prácticas odontológicas de quienes les atienden. Se realizó un estudio cualitativo con profesionales y pacientes del ámbito privado en una zona de la Ciudad de México. Los resultados muestran características de concepción y práctica infl uidas por el modelo médico hegemónico y de descontextualización de los problemas de atención odontológica de los pacientes. Se concluye que las representaciones sociales de profesionales y pacientes se construyen en el contexto de vida donde prevalece la polarización y exclusión social.