bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Inositol pyrophosphate catabolism by three families of phosphatases regulates plant growth and development
Authors: Laurent Florian , Bartsch Simon M. , Shukla Anuj , Rico-Resendiz Felix , Couto Daniel , Fuchs Christelle , Nicolet Joël , Loubéry Sylvain , Jessen Henning J. , Fiedler Dorothea , Hothorn Michael
Published: November 2024

Inositol pyrophosphates (PP-InsPs) are nutrient messengers whose cellular levels are precisely regulated. Diphosphoinositol pentakisphosphate kinases (PPIP5Ks) generate the active signaling molecule 1,5-InsP8. PPIP5Ks harbor phosphatase domains that hydrolyze PP-InsPs. Plant and Fungi Atypical Dual Specificity Phosphatases (PFA-DSPs) and NUDIX phosphatases (NUDTs) are also involved in PP-InsP degradation. Here, we analyze the relative contributions of the three different phosphatase families to plant PP-InsP catabolism. We report the biochemical characterization of inositol pyrophosphate phosphatases from Arabidopsis and Marchantia polymorpha. Overexpression of different PFA-DSP and NUDT enzymes affects PP-InsP levels and leads to stunted growth phenotypes in Arabidopsis. nudt17/18/21 knock-out mutants have altered PP-InsP pools and gene expression patterns, but no apparent growth defects. In contrast, Marchantia polymorpha Mppfa-dsp1ge, Mpnudt1ge and Mpvip1ge mutants display severe growth and developmental phenotypes and associated changes in cellular PP-InsP levels. Analysis of Mppfa-dsp1geand Mpvip1ge mutants supports a role for PP-InsPs in Marchantia phosphate signaling, and additional functions in nitrate homeostasis and cell wall biogenesis. Simultaneous elimination of two phosphatase activities enhanced the observed growth phenotypes. Taken together, PPIP5K, PFA-DSP and NUDT inositol pyrophosphate phosphatases regulate growth and development by collectively shaping plant PP-InsP pools.
MiR-204-5p regulates SIRT1 to promote the endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis of inner ear cells in C57BL/6 mice with hearing loss
Authors: Hu Yaqin , Luo Xiaoqin , Chen Hongjiang , Ke Jing , Feng Menglong , Yuan Wei
Published: November 2024

Purpose

This study investigated the effect of miR-204-5p-mediated silencing of SIRT1 on the development of deafness in C57BL/6 mice and the roles of miR-204-5p and SIRT1 in deafness.

Methods

Auditory brainstem response recordings, H&E staining, and immunohistochemistry were used to observe changes in hearing function and cochlear tissue morphology in 2-month-old and 15-month-old C57BL/6 mice. A senescence model was induced using H2O2 in inner ear cells (HEI-OC1). Changes in HEI-OC1 cell proliferation were detected using the CCK-8 assay, whereas flow cytometry was used to detect changes in apoptosis. MiR-204-5p expression was measured via RT‒qPCR. The SIRT1 agonist RSV and a miR-204-5p inhibitor were used to study changes in ER stress (ERS), proliferation, and apoptosis in HEI-OC1 cells. Western blotting was performed to detect changes in ATF4, CHOP, SIRT1, PERK, p-PERK, Bax, and Bcl-2 protein levels. A dual-luciferase reporter gene assay was carried out to assess the ability of miR-204-5p to target SIRT1.

Results

Relative miR-204-5p expression levels in the cochleae of aged C57BL/6 mice increased, whereas SIRT1 expression levels decreased, and miR-204-5p and SIRT1 expression levels were negatively correlated. ERS and increased 8-OHDG levels were observed in aged C57BL/6 mice. In a model of inner ear cell aging, H2O2 treatment induced increases in miR-204-5p expression and ERS-mediated apoptosis. MiR-204-5p was found to target SIRT1 and inhibit its expression. SIRT1 activation and a miR-204-5p inhibitor promoted HEI-OC1 cell proliferation and reduced apoptosis. The miR-204-5p inhibitor regulated expression of the ERS proteins PERK, ATF4, and CHOP to upregulate Bcl-2 and downregulate Bax.

Conclusion

This study identified the roles of miR-204-5p and SIRT1 in deafness in C57BL/6 mice and investigated the loss of cochlear outer hair cells and the involvement of apoptosis and ERS in deafness.
Relationship between maltreatment and mental health in adolescents: A school-based study in Indonesia
Authors: Arisanti Nita , Swediana Anisa , Karubaba Deborah , Noviandhari Anindita , Sunjaya Deni K. , Dhamayanti Meita
Published: November 2024

Maltreatment affects emotional development in adolescents and inhibits social adjustment. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between maltreatment and mental health among adolescents. A cross-sectional study was conducted on adolescents in the first and second grades of middle school (12–14 years old) and high school (15–17 years old) in eight cities and municipalities in the province, selected through several stages of simple random sampling (N = 1837). The International Society for the Prevention of Child Abuse and Neglect (ISPCAN) Child Abuse Screening Tool for Children (ICAST-C) questionnaire for detecting maltreatment was translated, simplified, and validated by an expert based on a theoretical framework that involved pediatricians, public health, and medicolegal perspectives. The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) was used to assess emotional states. ICAST-C and SDQ scores were transformed to logit values using Rasch model analysis. Distribution frequency and linear regression were used for data analysis. The results indicated that 85.6% of adolescents aged 12–14 and 83% of those aged 15–17 experienced physical maltreatment, while 89.4% of the 12–14 age group and 82.9% of the 15–17 age group experienced psychological maltreatment. The emotional states of the two groups were 52.8% and 59.2%, respectively. There was a significant correlation between the experience of physical maltreatment and emotions among 12–14 (r1 = 0.148 (0.190–0.257)) and 15–17 years old (r1 = 0.047 (0.084–0.156)). There was a significant correlation between the experience of psychological maltreatment and emotions among 12–14 years old ’(r2 = 0.191 (0.270–0.350)) and 15 to 17 years old (r2 = 0.097 (0.167–0.252)). In conclusion, physical and psychological maltreatment were correlated with mental health states among adolescent students in West Java, Indonesia.
Biofilm formation and polar lipid biosynthesis in Mycobacterium abscessus are inhibited by naphthylmethylpiperazine
Authors: Faboro Timilehin , Daniel Jaiyanth
Published: November 2024

Mycobacterium abscessus is a biofilm-forming, non-tuberculous mycobacterium that is highly resistant to antibiotics. Bacterial efflux pumps contribute to biofilm formation, export of biofilm-associated lipids and antibiotic tolerance. The Resistance Nodulation Cell Division (RND) and ATP-Binding Cassette (ABC) families of efflux pumps export lipids to the mycobacterial cell surface. 1-(1-naphthyl methyl)-piperazine (NMP) is a chemosensitizer that causes membrane destabilization and is an inhibitor of RND efflux pumps. The effects of NMP on biofilm formation and lipid metabolism in M. abscessus biofilms have not been investigated. Plumbagin (PLU) is an inhibitor of ABC efflux pumps that has not been studied for its effects on antibiotic tolerance in M. abscessus biofilms. In this study, we report that the efflux pump inhibitors NMP and PLU inhibit biofilm formation by 50% at sub-MIC levels. We show that NMP inhibits the incorporation of the radiolabeled long-chain fatty acid 14C-palmitate into glycopeptidolipids in cell surface lipids of log-phase M. abscessus. NMP also inhibits the utilization of the radiolabel in the biosynthesis of phosphatidylethanolamine in the cell surface and cellular lipids of M. abscessus cells in log-phase and in biofilms. Incorporation of the radiolabel into cardiolipin in the cellular lipids of M. abscessus biofilms was inhibited by NMP. The incorporation of 14C-acetate into cell surface phosphatidylethanolamine in log-phase and biofilm cells was also inhibited by NMP. Triacylglycerol biosynthesis using 14C-palmitate and 14C-acetate in cellular lipids of log-phase and biofilm cells was increased several folds by NMP. Efflux pump activity in M. abscessus cells was inhibited by 97% and 68% by NMP and PLU respectively. NMP and PLU caused 5-fold decreases in the minimum inhibitory concentrations of ciprofloxacin and clarithromycin against M. abscessus. Our results demonstrate that NMP and PLU affect important physiological processes in M. abscessus associated with its pathogenesis.
Anchorage of bacterial effector at plasma membrane via selective phosphatidic acid binding to modulate host cell signaling
Authors: Wang Meng , Guan Qixiao , Wang Chunyan , Hu Lyubin , Hu Xueyan , Xu Menglin , Cai Yuhao , Zhang Haoran , Cao Qing , Sheng Huiming , Wei Xiaohui , Koehler Jane E. , Dou Hongjing , Gu Ruo-xu , Yuan Congli
Published: November 2024

Binding phospholipid is a simple, yet flexible, strategy for anchorage of bacterial effectors at cell membrane to manipulate host signaling responses. Phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate and phosphatidylinositol 4,5-biphosphate are the only two phospholipid species known to direct bacterial effectors to establish inner leaflet localization at the plasma membrane. Here, selectivity of phosphatidic acid (PA) by bacterial effectors for the plasma membrane anchorage and its molecular entity was identified. C-terminal BID domain of Bartonella T4SS effectors (Beps) directed the plasma membrane localization of Beps in host cells through binding with PA. A hydrophobic segment of the ‘HOOK’ subdomain from BID is inserted into the bilayer to enhance the interaction of positively charged residues with the lipid headgroups. Mutations of a conserved arginine facilitating the electrostatic interaction, a conserved glycine maintaining the stability of the PA binding groove, and hydrophobic residues determining membrane insertion, prevented the anchorage of Beps at the plasma membrane. Disassociation from plasma membrane to cytosol attenuated the BepC capacity to induce stress fiber formation and cell fragmentation in host cells. The substitution of alanine with aspartic acid at the -1 position preceding the conserved arginine residue hindered BepD anchoring at the plasma membrane, a vital prerequisite for its ability to elicit IL-10 secretion in host macrophages. In conclusion, our findings reveal the PA-binding properties of bacterial effectors to establish plasma membrane localization and will shed light on the intricate mechanisms employed by bacterial effectors within host cells.
Reflections on Optometric Scope of Practice Witnessed Over One Clinical Educator’s Career
Authors: Pence Neil
Published: November 2024

An optometric educator offers observations on the profession’s scope expansion starting from his entry into optometry school in 1975 to the present.
Book Review: Optometry in Mississippi 1920-2020
Authors: Goss David
Published: November 2024

Optometry in Mississippi 1920-2020. William E. Cochran. Madison, Mississippi: Mississippi Optometric Association, 2021. ISBN 978-0-578-98115-4. 115 pages. Hardcover.
DETERMINING THE LEVEL OF PROTECTION OF A DEVELOPER'S BRAND
Authors:   Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Fedoseev S.А. , Minin А.А. ,   Perm National Research Polytechnic University
Published: November 2024

The residential real estate construction market is increasing in volume but remains the most risky industry in terms of investment due to the long lead time for product creation and realization. Brand can play an important role in reducing the risk of real estate developers. There is a relationship between the concepts of image, reputation, brand and goodwill. Hence, a real estate developer's goodwill is affected by its image and reputation. Research Objective. It is necessary to identify approaches for assessing the reputation of developers in regional residential real estate markets in order to maintain their brand and, consequently, competitiveness at the required level. Materials and Methods. By analogy with the method of solving the problem of choosing a shopping center by a client, we propose a method for assessing the level of protection of the developer's brand, which is understood as the reputation of the developer in relation to the regional market. Initial data for assessing the level of protection of the developer's brand are consumer reviews in the Internet. It should take into account the Ganning Nebula Index of reviews about the developer, the average volume of words in reviews about the developer, the number of negative reviews about the developer, the total number of reviews about the developer and the degree of competitiveness of the residential real estate market in the region. Results. As a demonstration example of using the proposed method of assessing the level of protection of the developer's brand, a conditional market represented by 9 conditional developers was modeled. For each developer conditional individual parameters were selected and on their basis the level of the developer's brand protection was calculated. A comparative analysis of parameters and the level of brand protection of real estate developers was carried out. In particular, it is shown which parameters and their combinations positively or negatively affect the level of brand protection of the developer. Conclusion. Based on the results of the given demonstration example, it can be stated that the proposed approach to determining the level of protection of the developer's brand in the Internet, at least, does not contradict common sense, and, at most, is a relevant and useful tool for an objective assessment of the developer's business reputation.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE BUILDING INFORMATION MODEL (BIM-MODEL) AND THE ESTIMATED COST
Authors:   South Ural State University, Borodin S.I. , Gusev E.V. ,   South Ural State University, Korovin A.M. ,   South Ural State University, Nekrasov S.G. ,   South Ural State University
Published: November 2024

An information model of a construction project (BIM-model) is an integral part of the project at the design and construction stages now days. The BIM-model contains parametric data about the object, the resources used and serves as a basis for making, as a rule, technological decisions. There is a need to transparently indicate the connection between the BIM model and the cost of the object, which is a key indicator when making management decisions. The information model is implemented in the IFC format, and estimating programs do not support this option for data transfer. In particular, the transfer of estimate data occurs using XML files. This discrepancy requires revision at the conceptual and software levels, including organizing a common data environment. The purpose of the work. The article is related to identifying the connection between the properties of the information model of the object and the estimate properties that should be included in the model parameters at all stages of the object's life cycle. Materials and methods. In the process of writing the article, general scientific methods and research techniques were used: descriptive method, comparison method, analogy method, generalization method, and systems approach. In preparing the work, the data of regulatory and methodological documents in the field of information modeling in the Russian Federation and international standards for the content and filling of the information model of the object were used. For testing, design and estimate documentation for the repair of an element of an administrative building was used. Results. A feature of the work is the development of the filling of the BIM-model with estimate properties depending on the level of development of the model (LOD), taking into account the requirements of regulatory and methodological documents in the field of construction and international standards. A method is proposed for the formation of a set of estimate properties, which can be further adapted to the needs of the customer depending on the type of construction, stage of the project life cycle and estimate standards. Conclusion. The results of the work can be used to form methodological documents on the organization of the general data environment at the stages of the life cycle of a capital facility.
Nonlinear model predictive controller of hydrogenation of dimethyl oxalate for ethylene glycol production
Authors: Rohman Fakhrony Sholahudin , Wan Alwi Sharifah Rafidah , Muhammad Dinie , Azmi Ashraf , Murat Muhamad Nazri
Published: November 2024

Ethylene glycol (EG) is a valuable commodity organic intermediate that is produced using the catalyzed gas-phase hydrogenation process of dimethyl oxalate (DMO) from syngas. The reactor process is challenging to control because of its nonlinearity and multivariable condition. Thus, this study proposes the application of Neural Wiener model predictive control (NWMPC) for DMO hydrogenation reactor control. The application of empirical-based MPC, such as NWMPC, is still new in DMO hydrogenation reactor control. In order to simulate the process, the DMO hydrogenation reactor is modeled using Aspen Plus and Aspen Dynamic software. The Neural Wiener (NW) model is developed based on state space and neural network modeling using a Linear-Nonlinear (L-N) identification approach. A validation test is also performed to verify the accuracy of the NW model. Based on the test, the model accuracy is acceptable with the coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.965 for EG output mole fraction (first output) and R2 of 0.936 for product temperature (second output). The NWMPC capability is evaluated with a PID controller to handle a setpoint change in EG output mole fraction and reject disturbance in the feed stream flow rate. The control performance results have demonstrated the superior ability of the NWMPC to handle such scenarios better than PID in terms of controller action speed and profile.
Comparative study of deterministic and stochastic optimization algorithms applied to the absorption of CO2 by alkanolamine solution
Authors: Kabouche Azeddine , Kabouche Dounia
Published: November 2024

A model based on simulated annealing approach is used with e-UNIQUAC model as well as two other algorithms to study the absorption of carbon dioxide by monoethanolamine solutions. In this work, we propose to compare the performance (through the knowledge of RMSD values) of two stochastic methods, namely the GA (genetic algorithm) and SA (simulated annealing) methods and a deterministic method that is the simplex method. These methods were applied to the absorption of carbon dioxide by an alkanolamine solution using a chemical equilibrium model and a thermodynamic equilibrium model. The latter is based on the use of the modified-UNIQUAC (UNIQUAC-electrolyte) model instead of e-NRTL model for the liquid phase and a fugacity model for the vapor phase. The chemical equilibrium in this work represents the absorption of CO2 by monoethanolamine solution at different temperatures. Solving the coupled system of material and charge balances gives us the carbon dioxide pressure while taking into account the non-ideality of the system. The three-optimization methods show good agreement with the experimental data with a better performance of the simulated annealing method..
Discoursing Chinese Maritime Law’s structure and reform
Authors: Pucciarelli Clélia , Cheng Le
Published: November 2024

China’s role in the international maritime transport industry is undeniably growing: the country has become the second-largest ship-owning nation, its maritime ports are ranked among the top globally, and its national maritime transport company, COSCO Group, is ranked 4th among major shipping companies. However, its current legal framework is behind the commercial practices of the maritime transport industry and its operators. With both the evolution of China’s position on the global stage and the emergence of new judicial maritime practices, a revision was inevitable, particularly as China aims to build itself into a maritime power. Although the revision of the Maritime Law was included in the 13th National People’s Congress agenda for the period from 2018 to 2023, the revised Law has not yet been promulgated but is expected in near future. While the reform project focuses solely on the Chinese Maritime Law, China’s new ambitions could turn this moment into an opportunity to overhaul and rethink the role of Chinese maritime law in the current global context. Whether by modernizing its maritime law while maintaining its existing structure, or by rethinking its entire approach, China should consider the legal experience of current maritime powers, such as France, which could serve as a valuable source of inspiration for Chinese legislature in the future.
Interactional competence and performances of compliments and consolations by learners of Japanese
Authors: Moody Stephen J. , Peterson Jeff , Tsuchiya Shinsuke , Elzinga Kaitlynne
Published: November 2024

In recent years there has been an increased recognition of the need for learners to understand language as social action. However, language learners are often left on their own to develop the ability to adapt to the unanticipated demands of real-world interaction. To encourage this development, attention is turning toward the notion of interactional competence (IC). The present study contributes to efforts to better understand Japanese learners’ IC. Specifically, this study aims to better understand how learners naturally accomplish compliment and consolation speech acts and for what social purposes, including how learners adapt linguistic forms to do acts that go beyond the act most commonly associated with those forms. Conversation analysis of foreign language housing mealtime conversations revealed two core observations. First, based on preempirical descriptions, compliments occur with more frequency than consolations. Compliments also tend to be deployed as the first part of a compliment-response pair, while consolations tend to be deployed as a response to the public exposure of a challenge or a troubling emotional state. Second, when looking instead at how participants use turns that are construed as compliments regardless of linguistic form, we find that compliments are also used to do activities other than what their surface formulation suggests. A discussion of what these results mean for developing deeper understandings of IC in speech acts performed by language learners is provided.
Immediate effect of sunlight exposure through blue glass on blood pressure in hypertensive patients: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Yoganathan Deepa , Kuppusamy Maheshkumar , Christa Edmin , Murugan Saran , Elangovan Vijayabharathi , Jayakumar Preetha , Rammohan Sangamithraa
Published: November 2024

Objective

Hypertension affects approximately 1.28 billion adults worldwide, driving the search for integrative therapeutic approaches alongside conventional treatments. While chromotherapy, particularly blue light exposure, has historical roots in traditional medicine and its specific impact on blood pressure regulation remains understudied. So, the present study aims to investigate the immediate impact of exposure to blue glass through sunlight on blood pressure in hypertensive individuals.

Methods

This randomized controlled trial was carried out with a sample of 60 hypertensive patients, who were divided into two groups: a study group that received blue glass exposure for 20 min and a control group that received exposure to colourless glass. The primary outcome measures were systolic and diastolic blood pressure, pulse rate, and oxygen saturation levels.

Results

The results of the study revealed statistically significant differences in systolic blood pressure (p=0.006) and pulse rate (p=0.005) after the intervention in the study group and no such changes were noted in the control group.

Conclusions

The findings of this study suggest that blue glass exposure has a significant impact on reducing blood pressure and pulse rate in hypertensive patients, indicating its potential use as a integrative treatment in the management of hypertension.
An Inquiry into Gender and Queer Issues in Chinese-Language Sci-Fi Film: A Case Study of The Soul
Authors: Cai Jingjing
Published: November 2024

This paper explores the complex portrayal of gender and identity in Cheng Wai-ho’s 2021 science fiction mystery, The Soul. Set in a near-future grappling with RNA-based memory transfer and gender reassignment, the film intertwines technological advancements with social issues like tongqi, marriage trafficking, and transgender representation. Utilizing theories by Prosser, Stryker, and Salamon, the analysis examines how the film depicts transgender characters Wang Shicong and Prosecutor Liang, focusing on their experiences within a system of power dynamics and the exploitation of vulnerable groups. By contrasting the mainland and uncut Netflix versions, the paper delves into the boundaries of Chinese censorship regarding LGBTQ+ themes. This study argues that while The Soul challenges heteronormativity and reveals the complexities of intersectional identities, it also offers opportunities for further critique of its limitations in representation. The film’s contribution to Chinese cinema lies in advancing conversations on gender and sexuality while highlighting the need for social reform.
“The 21st century professionalization?”: online education as an instrument for bolstering individual welfare and societal equality
Authors: Huet Pedro
Published: November 2024

Since the start of the last decade of the 20th century, the application of digital technologies with the potential of making substantial contributions to a community’s welfare have led to the creation of the literature of Public Interest Technologies and reinvigorated many areas of focus in the social sciences. A relevant subfield of this literature has been the application of new technologies to education to increase social public benefits. The traditional literature on higher education seems to agree that the expansion of this good throughout a society is desirable because it generates direct and indirect individual gains, as well as aggregate level social benefits in the form of positive externalities. However, some authors have argued that the acquisition of postsecondary education has its own drawbacks: unwanted intellectual influence of instructors on students, barriers to access for students of historically vulnerable sociodemographic groups, as well as students’ perception of a reduced pay-off from going to college. While there have been some indices that online higher education could abate many of these issues, there has been relatively little formal research to test this tool’s impact. Using a quantitative approach, via cross-section and time-series data analysis, the text finds some evidence that online higher education could solve many of higher education’s drawbacks, while also being a feasible approach given the current technological environment of the United States. The text concludes outlining future research using a mixed-methods approach that could be highly valuable to acquire a more comprehensive view and robust evidence of online higher education’s potential of expanding social public benefits.
Produktives Täuschen. Dissimulatio artis zwischen Rhetorik und Philosophie
Authors: Hetzel Andreas , Pöschel Laura
Published: November 2024

In our paper, we discuss the role of deception (apáte) in the conflict between rhetoric and philosophy. While Parmenides and Plato seek to escape the possibility of being deceived in general, their counterparts, the sophists and early theorists of rhetoric, emphasize that this is neither possible nor desirable. In contrast to their philosophical contemporaries, they do not assume a dualism of truth and deception, but rather a gradualist spectrum that contains many shades of gray. Furthermore, they emphasize a certain productivity of particular deceptions that can help us increase our imagination and prefigure possibilities of life and praxis that would not be possible without being deceived. Moreover, we ask whether and how the potential of classical rhetoric for theorizing deception can be used for a critique of deception that is aware of its own proneness to illusions. The guiding hypothesis is that rhetoric, as a technique of verbal deception, can also provide an important key for criticizing deceptive strategies. This applies in particular to the concept of dissimulatio artis, which goes back to Aristotle’s Rhetoric and had been developed further by Quintilian, Ovid, and the anonymous author of the treatise Perí hýpsous. This concept makes it possible to describe simulations of unsimulatedness in philosophy as well as in politics.
Simulatio/dissimulatio – Stellung/Verstellung: Rhetorik, höfische Verhaltenslehre, Ethik (mit Überlegungen zur Rezeption von Balthasar Graciáns Handorakel in Deutschland)
Authors: Till Dietmar
Published: November 2024

Early modern manuals of courtly conduct offer advice on successful behavior and communication for courtiers, emphasizing masquerade and the concealment of intentions through dissimulatio and simulatio as rhetorical key techniques of the courtier. Important works include Castiglione’s Libro del Cortegiano, Machiavelli’s Principe, and Gracián’s Oráculo manual. Their reception in the German early Enlightenment, especially by Thomasius and Müller, demonstrates the development and recontextualization of these ideas within practical philosophy.
Die Macht der Dissimulation
Authors: D’Angelo Paolo
Published: November 2024

This paper reconstructs and discusses a shift in meaning that has taken place in the modern history of the concealment of art, a history that begins in classical rhetoric. It first shows how the ars-est-celare-artem doctrine was taken up in the early modern period by authors such as Accetto, Castiglione and Gracián and translated into a concept of sprezzatura, an art of disguising that has both aesthetic and political implications. The authors in question emphasize the difference between manipulative deception (simulazione) and an ethically acceptable disguise (dissimulazione), a deliberate concealment of one’s own arts, skills and abilities, which on the one hand provides protection in a power-dominated courtly culture, and on the other is linked to the aesthetic ideals of grace and naturalness. The distinction between simulazione and dissimulazione, which was very common in the Baroque period in particular, faded into oblivion in the 18th century. Dissimulation now tended to be fully integrated into the concept of simulation.
Täusch-Verhältnisse. Der „Große Austausch“ als rhetorisches Manöver der Neuen Rechten
Authors: Oberprantacher Andreas
Published: November 2024

This article focusses on the Great Replacement as that narrative of the New Right that currently constitutes the centerpiece of many inter-related and implicitly or explicitly racist discourses about migrants and refugees. As a discourse, the narrative of a Great Replacement encapsulates and reflects the desire for an „ethnocultural identity“ that is antagonistically realized it in such a way that uncountable others are declared to be (non-identical) „foreign bodies“, so that their violent removal appears justified. The main aim of this article is to assess and criticize the rhetorical and stylistic strategies of the New Right, which repeatedly refer to aspects of an alleged naturalness (the „ethno-plural nature“ of Europe) while attempting to conceal how artificial their argumentation is. In contrast to a dissimulazione onesta, as formulated as a concept by Torquato Accetto, in the case of the Great Replacement one could thus speak of a dissimulazione dis-onesta, i. e. of a constitutive dishonesty or strategic deception.
Ars est celare artes. Zur Rocca di Tristano-Episode in Ariostos Orlando furioso
Authors: Steigerwald Jörn
Published: November 2024

The dissimulatio artis follows, at least, two different traditions since antiquity: on the one hand, it is integrated in the tradition of rhetoric, one the other hand, it is part of the ars amatoria. Furthermore, the dissimulatio artis is neither a theoria nor a praxis in the Aristotelian sense, but could be considered as a poiesis. Ariosto takes advantage of this specific status of the dissimulation artis in his Orlando furioso, especially in the Rocca du Tristano-Episode, in order to present its potential to ennoble specific artistic techniques and to transform these techniques into art: ars est celare artes. By doing this, Ariosto creates an ars fabula narrandi that demonstrates its own capacities by using the dissimulatio artis for the presentation of different arts: ars fabula narrandi est celare artes.
Vers pompeux – cadavre oratoire. Rhetorische, galante und dramaturgische Ausformungen der dissimulatio artis im frühneuzeitlichen Theater am Beispiel von Corneilles Pompée
Authors: Seibel Selina
Published: November 2024

This article understands dissimulatio artis as a link between political rhetoric, early modern courtly behavioural theory and the theatre of the 17th century. Using the example of Pierre Corneille’s Pompée, it is shown that dissimulatio artis found its way into French theatre along two lines of development: On the one hand, dissimulatio artis as the basis of courtly behavioural theory (in Pompée, above all gallantry) becomes a dramatic model of interaction and dialogue; on the other hand, it becomes a category of evaluation in debates on drama theory. To this end, the observations and evaluations of the characters’ politic-rhetorical and gallant dissimulatio artis that take place in the dramatic dialogue are examined at first, which point to the interdependence of early modern savoir-vivre and rhetoric through dissimulatio artis. Finally, Corneille’s poetological writings are used to derive the dissimulation artis as a criterion of drama genesis.
Das Paradoxon der Dissimulation – Über die Notwendigkeit der Täuschung zur Gestaltung von Natürlichkeit in Marivauxʼ Le Jeu de l’amour et du hasard
Authors: Dickhaut Kirsten
Published: November 2024

Dissimulation of the human being can never be fully achieved by an actor, as the actor’s body always remains present as a medium. This knowledge of the non-fictional character of the actors and actresses on stage makes the audience accomplices to the performed play. In his Le Jeu de lʼamour et du hasard, Marivaux creates a specific procedure of his poetics based on dissimulation by simply addressing the apparent impossibility of bringing a theater audience into a complete illusion. This way, he can paradoxically use the spectators’ knowledge and exploit it for his own purposes. With this procedure of addressing the purpose in the dialogue, which originates from rhetoric, the play as a procedure is reinforced and naturalized. Marivaux thus cures the deficiency of dissimulation and additionally binds it to an ethical premise that legitimizes the procedure itself and thus also dignifies and intensifies the simulation of the play itself.
What is Roman Reconciliation?
Authors: Dinter Martin
Published: November 2024

This paper examines in how far modern conceptualisations of peace and reconciliation map onto ancient Roman ideas of pax Romana and Roman reconciliation. Some modern definitions of reconciliation insist on mercy and forgiveness as part of reconciliation; comparing modern with ancient ideas of reconciliation as showcased in this special issue the author suggests to consider Roman reconciliation as coexistence rather than reconciliation in the modern sense.
Negotiating Collective Land Rights in the Andes: Insights from contrasting trajectories on the Bolivian-Chilean altiplano, 1880s–1930s
Authors: Cottyn Hanne
Published: November 2024

This article develops a historicising and comparative perspective on the transformation, formalisation, and negotiation of collective land rights in the Andean Highlands. It discusses and compares the trajectories of two highland areas situated across the Bolivian-Chilean border within the context of globally and nationally shifting frontiers of market and state integration since the late 19th century. The case studies demonstrate a striking divergence in the context of the breakthrough of liberal land legislation in Latin America. Communities in the Bolivian province of Carangas were able to resist privatising pressures, while communities of the Arica highlands, once annexed and incorporated in Chile after the War of the Pacific, adjusted to a more homogeneous regime that left little room for communal land relations. Despite the stark contrasts, this article questions simplistic dichotomic framings of the unchallenged “survival” of communal land rights in Bolivia versus complete “disappearance” of communal arrangements in Chile. Empirical archival and ethnographic data point to the social reconfigurations and creative strategies through which the community as a collective legal entity and daily practice transformed. The article sheds light on the causes and longer-term implications of these regional trajectories within the context of a globalising land regime.
Social Trust in China
Authors: Wu Cary , Gong Zhiwen , Shi Zhilei
Published: November 2024

This article provides a comprehensive examination of social trust in China. It addresses ongoing debates about how much people trust, whether there is a trust crisis, and where trust comes from. Analyzing extensive harmonized data from the Chinese General Social Survey (2003–2021) and the World Values Survey (1990–2018) spanning three decades, we find that Chinese people have high levels of general trust in others; this high social trust has been largely stable over the last three decades; and political confidence and perceived fairness are two key drivers of trust. On the other hand, we see marked low trust toward several groups, such as strangers, businessmen, and religious individuals. Potential explanations are discussed. This study contributes to key trust debates and identifies novel trust patterns that can serve as valuable subjects for future research.
Prediction of the physics properties of solar material Cu2BaSnS4
Authors:   Yancheng KinderGarten Teachers College, Yancheng, 224051, China, Pu L. M. , Pei S. G. ,   Yancheng KinderGarten Teachers College, Yancheng, 224051, China, Tang X. H. ,   Yancheng KinderGarten Teachers College, Yancheng, 224051, China, Yin Z. F. ,   School of Materials Science and Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224051, PR China, Hou H. J. ,   School of Materials Science and Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224051, PR China, Guo H. L. ,   College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Yangtze Normal University, Fuling, 408000, Chongqing, China
Published: November 2024

Recently, there has been a suggestion that Cu2BaSnS4 could be a promising candidate for a photovoltaic absorber with a wide band gap. The study primarily examined the structural, along with the mechanical and thermodynamic characteristics of Cu2BaSnS4. In addition, a study was performed to examine the presentation and representation of three-dimensional (3D) characteristics related to linear compressibility, shear modulus, and Young's modulus. The investigation into thermodynamic characteristics was calculated and analyzed.
Selenium nanoparticles: effect of autoclave treatment on size, shape, phase and antimicrobial properties
Authors:   Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, 2801 South University Avenue, 72204 Little Rock, USA, Hesabizadeh T. , Subedi R. ,   Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, 2801 South University Avenue, 72204 Little Rock, USA, Webster T. J. ,   School of Health Sciences & Biomedical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, China, Guisbiers G. ,   Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, 2801 South University Avenue, 72204 Little Rock, USA
Published: November 2024

Amorphous selenium nanoparticles have been synthesized by pulsed laser ablation in liquids. After undergoing a thermal treatment at 121°C for 60 minutes, the amorphous nanoparticles crystallized into trigonal ones. The antimicrobial properties of both amorphous and trigonal nanoparticles have been compared; and the amorphous ones displayed better antibacterial and antifungal properties compared to the trigonal ones. Specifically, Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Ampicillin-resistant Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Candida albicans were almost completely inhibited in the presence of amorphous selenium nanoparticles at 0.025 microgram/ml concentrations after 24 hours of in vitro culture, compared to controls (no nanoparticles). In summary, such a high sensitivity of these bacterial and fungal strains to low concentrations of amorphous selenium nanoparticles warrants further investigation to develop efficient anti-bacterial and anti-fungal treatments.
Improvement of porous silicon by adding CIGS NPs prepared by laser ablation method in water
Authors:   Department of Physics, College of Science / Mustainsiriyah University, Iraq, Hassan H. R. , Abd A. N. ,   Department of Physics, College of Science / Mustainsiriyah University, Iraq, Ali M. J. M. ,   Department of Physics, College of Science / Mustainsiriyah University, Iraq
Published: November 2024

Using a laser energy of no more than 600 mJ/pulse and a maximum of 500 pulses, this work selectively produced pure copper, indium, gallium, and selenide (CIGS) NPs using a laser ablation method with distilled water and n-type porous silicon prepared by the photoelectron etching method. The material exhibits quantum dot behavior, according to experimental investigations. Porous silicone bases were produced using a current density of 10 mA/cm2 and an etching time of 15 min. Tests XRD, SEM, AFM, FTIR, UV, PL were conducted for the porous silicone and CIGS NPs to ensure that each of them is produced efficiently. To produce a hybrid junction\CIGS\Psi\n-Si\AG we see an enhancement of the spectral response of 0.71 A/W when a quantum dot is deposited on porous silicon.
Incidence and gender difference of brain metastases in newly diagnosed follicular thyroid cancer patients
Authors: Zhang Ruiguo , Li Weijian , Wang Hui , Zhang Wenxin , Chai Jinyan , Chang Pengpeng , Jia Qiang , Zheng Wei
Published: November 2024

Graphical Abstract

Background

Population-based estimates of brain metastases in follicular thyroid cancer (FTC) patients with or without distant metastases (DMs) at diagnosis are lacking.

Objective

To study the prevalence of brain metastases in FTC patients and compare gender disparity.

Methods

DMs are defined as bone, lung and brain metastases. Using the SEER database, we identified 5116 patients diagnosed with FTC between 2010 and 2019. The incidences of brain metastases were calculated for the entire cohort and among patients with bone/lung metastases. Cohorts were stratified by gender and age.

Results

4.8% (245) had DMs at diagnosis, primarily in the form of bone metastases (3.6%), followed by lung metastases (2.4%). The incidence of brain metastases at initial diagnosis was only 0.37% (17 females and 2 males) but occurred in 8.2 and 6.1% of patients with bone metastases and lung metastases, respectively. Median survival for patients with brain metastases was only 8.0 months (95% CI: 4.1–11.9). Interestingly, female patients with bone metastases exhibited a significantly higher incidence of brain metastases compared to males (12.0 vs 1.5%), with a notable odds ratio (OR) of 8.971 (95% CI: 1.152–69.835) in univariate analysis. Multivariate logistic regression analysis confirmed that being female (OR: 10.08, 95% CI: 1.243–81.748) was the sole statistically significant risk factor for brain metastases in FTC patients with bone metastases at diagnosis.

Conclusion

An incidence of brain metastases is observed in newly diagnosed FTC patients with DMs, especially in females with bone involvement. Our findings advocate for the early detection of brain metastases in female FTC patients with concurrent bone metastases at diagnosis.
PERFIL DOS IDOSOS E LONGEVOS DO BRASIL SEGUNDA EDIÇÃO: COMPARAÇÃO ENTRE 2013 E 2019 DA PNS
Authors: José Gonçalves Bós Ângelo , Aguirre Bonett Francielle , de Paula Rocha Josemara , Maura Rubert Viviane
Published: November 2024

O presente livro é uma atualização e incrementação da primeira edição da obra Perfil dos Idosos e Longevos do Brasil. É uma atualização porque analisa dados mais recentes da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde (PNS) do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE) realizada em 2019.
A catarata e o seu cuidado na população idosa
Authors: Roberto Cardoso Consoni Paulo , Loredo Siminovich Paula , Eduardo Gasparetto Carlos , Elisabete Bairros de Camargo Miria , Renita Burg Maria
Published: November 2024

A visão é responsável, naturalmente, por 85% das informações processadas no cérebro, e as deficiências visuais não estão distribuídas equilibradamente entre os grupos etários. Mais de 82% de todas as pessoas cegas no mundo são maiores de 50 anos, apesar de esse grupo representar apenas 19% da população mundial (Brasil, 2022).
Características sociodemográficas
Authors: Baccarin Ianiski Valéria , Miguel Gonçalves Bós Antônio
Published: November 2024

Neste capítulo serão abordadas as características sociodemográficas dos idosos e longevos do Brasil, dados importantes para entender e esclarecer a realidade do idoso brasileiro. Para verificar essas características, foi analisado o Módulo C da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde (IBGE, 2019) do Brasil, referente às características gerais dos participantes do inquérito e do seu domicílio. Os dados que serão discutidos neste capítulo são provenientes das seguintes perguntas: Quantas pessoas moram neste domicílio?; Condição no omicílio; Data de nascimento e idade; Sexo; Cor ou raça; Participante vive com cônjuge ou companheiro(a)?
Custom chromatic confocal microscope for surface profilometry
Authors: Csőke Lóránt Tibor
Published: November 2024

In this work, a surface profiling system is introduced, employing a custom-designed chromatic confocal (CC) distance sensor. Today’s commercial sensors based on the CC principle have a major drawback of effectively coupling light from the illumination source into the optical imaging system, mainly due to etendue mismatch. Consequently, a substantial amount of light is lost, significantly reducing the overall SNR of the system. This limitation restricts its applicability primarily to highly reflective surfaces. To address this issue, an etendue-matched optical system is proposed, that incorporates an innovative superluminescent light source. Through this approach, the system achieves 4 orders of magnitudes higher illumination intensity concentrated within the focus spot compared to existing devices in the current market.
Városi tér és biztonság: városlakók általános biztonságérzete és a biztonságérzet fontosság szerinti megítélése Nyíregyháza példáján
Authors: Balázs Bálint , Komádi Mónika , Alföldi György , Dúll Andrea
Published: November 2024

A tanulmány egy fontos városi tényező, a települési biztonság elméleti és módszertani kérdésével foglalkozik transzdiszciplináris (integrált urbanisztikai és környezetpszichológiai) szemléletben. Nyíregyházán felvett, nemre és korra reprezentatív felmérésünkben a válaszadóknak a település általános biztonságát („általánosan” megítélt biztonságosság) és a települési biztonság fontosságát („fontosság” szerint megítélt biztonságosság) kellett értékelniük. Eredményeink szerint szignifikáns eltérés mutatható ki az egyes városrészek lakosai között mind az észlelt általános biztonság, mind pedig a biztonságosság mint fontossági tényező tekintetében. A kutatás tovább árnyalja a településeken belüli társadalmi kapcsolatokról meglévő ismereteket, illetve a településfejlesztés eszközrendszerét.
“O que o jovem Nietzsche pensa sobre o Estado”: as contribuições de Hobbes e Tucídides
Authors: Xavier Gonçalves Luiz Felipe
Published: November 2024

Este texto busca compreender as influências que o jovem Nietzsche recebeu para suas concepções sobre o Estado. Embora pareça que sua principal influência tenha sido Thomas Hobbes, especialmente pela definição do estado de natureza como uma guerra de todos contra todos, nossa hipótese interpretativa dá maior ênfase a Tucídides, que influenciou ambos os pensadores. O presente artigo está dividido em duas partes: na primeira, analisamos as semelhanças entre Nietzsche e Hobbes; na segunda, exploramos a influência de Tucídides, discutindo um fragmento póstumo em que Nietzsche comenta um episódio paradigmático da História da Guerra do Peloponeso.