bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
High Frequency of Osteophytes Detected by High Resolution Ul-Trasound at the Finger Joints of Asymptomatic Factory Workers
Authors: Giulini Mario , Brinks Ralph , Vordenbäumen Stefan , Acar Hasan , Richter Jutta G , Feldhaus Christian , Baraliakos Xenofon , Ostendorf Benedikt , Schneider Matthias , Sander Oliver , Sewerin Philipp
Published: May 2023

Osteoarthritis of the hand (HOA) is one of the most common musculoskeletal diseases affecting health. Osteophytes, documented by imaging procedures are often used as diagnostic criteria. The gold standard is the radiographic image, however, more sensitive and saver methods such as ultrasound are gaining in importance. We investigated the prevalence, grade and pattern of osteophytes by high resolution ultrasound investigation (US) in a population-based cross-sectional study. Factory workers were recruited at work. 26 finger joints of each participant were examined with US with grading the occurrence of osteophytes in a semiquantitative score ranging 0-3, increasing scores indicated larger osteophytes.
427 participants (mean age 53.5 years, range. 20-79 years) were investigated, resulting in 11,000 scored joints. At least one osteophyte was found in 4,546/11,000 (41.3%) joints or 426/427 (99.8%) participants but grade 2 or 3 osteophytes were seen in only 553 (5.0%) joints. The number of os-teophyte sum score increased with age (0.18/year of age increase, p<0.001). Distal interphalange-al joints (DIP) were predominantly affected with 61%, followed by proximal interphalangeal joints (PIP) with 48%, carpometacarpal joint 1 (CMC1) with 39% and metacarpophalangeal joints (MCP) with 16%.
In conclusion, US is a feasible screening tool for osteophytes and HOA. Grade 1 osteophytes are a common finding in the working population when assessed by ultrasound and their prevalence is increasing with age. Prevalence of grade 2 or 3 osteophytes is less common and reflects clini-cal presence of HOA. Follow up investigations are necessary to recognize the predictive rele-vance of early osteophytes.
Nanotechnology-Based Topical Delivery of Natural Products for the Management of Atopic Dermatitis
Authors: Marques Mário Pedro , Varela Carla , Mendonça Laura , Cabral Célia
Published: May 2023

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic eczematous inflammatory disease that may arise from environmental, genetic and immunological factors. Despite the efficacy of current treatment options like corticosteroids, such approaches are mainly focused on symptoms relief, and may present certain undesirable side effects. In recent years, investigation regarding isolated natural compounds, oils, mixtures and/or extracts, have gained scientific attention because of their high efficiency and moderate to low toxicity. Despite their promising therapeutic effects, the applicability of such natural health care solutions is somehow limited by their instability, poor solubility, and low bioavailability. Therefore, novel nanoformulation-based systems have been designed to overpass these limitations, thus enhancing the therapeutic potential, by promoting the capacity of these natural drugs to properly exert their action in AD-like skin lesions. For the best of our knowledge, this is the first literature review that focused on summarizing the last nanoformulation-based solutions loaded with natural ingredients, and specifically for the management of AD. We suggest that future studies should focus on robust clinical trials that may confirm the security and effectiveness of such natural-based nanosystems, thus paving the way for more reliable AD treatments.
The Relations Between Antioxidant Intake and Biomarkers of Bronchial Asthma by Smoking Status
Authors: Alsharairi Naser A.
Published: May 2023

Bronchial asthma (BA) is considered a chronic inflammatory disorder associated with airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR). Increased oxidative stress (OS) is a clinical feature of BA, which promotes the inflammatory responses in bronchial/airway epithelial cells. Smokers and nonsmokers with asthma have been shown to have increases in several OS and inflammatory biomarkers. A few studies suggest a relationship between antioxidant intake from diet/supplements and BA in smoking and nonsmoking asthmatics. Dietary carotenoids and vitamin C (VC) intake might reduce BA risk in smokers and/or non-smokers. Evidence is lacking on the protective role of antioxidant vitamin and/or mineral consumption against BA in smokers and nonsmokers with respect to inflammation and OS biomarkers. Therefore, the aim of this review is to highlight current knowledge regarding the relations between antioxidant intake, BA and its associated biomarkers in smokers and nonsmokers.
Bearing Behavior of Cold-Formed Thick-Walled Steel Plates with Single Bolt
Authors: Wang Lingling , Zhu Xin
Published: May 2023

This paper presents the results of an experimental and analytical study on the behavior of cold-formed thick-walled steel plates connected by a single bolt under double shear. Experimental studies were conducted on a total of 54 bolted connections fabricated from two thickness of cold-formed thick-walled steel plates with the nominal thickness of 6 mm and 10 mm. The effects of end distance, edge distance and steel plate thickness were investigated on the bolt bearing behavior. Codes of (modified) ANSI/AISC 360-16 and EN1993-1-8 were applied to predict failure modes and bearing resistance of connections and the predictions were compared with that of measurements. A method was proposed to calculate the elongation of bolt hole at ultimate load. The studies show that fractures occurred on shear planes of specimens failed by shear out due to reduced ductility caused by cold forming process. The modified ANSI/AISC gives the most accurate predictions of failure modes and bearing resistance. However, the bearing resistance will be overestimated if the reduction in area of shear planes caused by occurrence of fracture is ignored for specimens with end distance being higher than 2.0d0 and a reduction factor is needed for calculating bearing resistance of connections. The method proposed in our paper can predict the elongation of bolt hole very well.
Effects of Different Toothpastes on the Nanomechanical Properties and Chemical Composition of Resin-Modified Glass Ionomer Cement and Composite Resin Restorations
Authors: Moda Mariana Dias , Henrique Santos Paulo , Inocencya Pavesi Pini Nubia , Furini Leonardo Negri , Briso André Luiz Fraga , Assmann André , Fagundes Ticiane Cestari
Published: May 2023

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the nanomechanical properties and chemical composition of restorative materials and dental surfaces using different toothpastes. Methods: Enamel (n=60) and dentin (n=60) bovine blocks were obtained and restored using resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC, n=30) or composite resin (CR, n=30) to form the dentin adjacent to RMGIC (DRMGIC), enamel adjacent to RMGIC (ERMGIC), dentin adjacent to CR (DCR), and enamel adjacent to CR (ECR). After restoration, one hemiface of each specimen was coated with an acid-resistant varnish to create the control (C) and eroded (E) sides (erosion: 5 days, 4 × 2 min/day; 1% citric acid / abrasion: 2 × 15 s followed by immersion on slurries 2 min). Three toothpastes were used: without fluoride (WF; n=10), sodium fluoride (NaF; n=10), and stannous fluoride (SnF2; n=10). The specimens were analyzed for nanohardness (H), elastic modulus (Er), and chemical composition using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and Raman microscopy. Data were analyzed using ANOVA two-way repeated measures and Tukey’s test (α = 0.05). Results: The NaF presented lower values of H for DRMGIC-C, with a statistical difference for WF (p < 0.05). SnF2 resulted in lower Er values for ERMGIC-E and RMGIC-E than WF and NaF (p < 0.05). WF showed lower calcium and phosphorus concentrations for DCR-E than other types of toothpastes (p < 0.05). Only stannous-based toothpaste damaged the elasticity of eroded glass ionomer restorations performed in enamel. Toothpastes with fluoride was capable for maintaining main chemical elements of dentin adjacent to restorative materials under challenge conditions.
Posterior Spinal Fusion Surgery for Neuromuscular Disease Patients With Severe Scoliosis Whose Cobb Angle was Over 100 Degrees
Authors: Miyagi Masayuki , Saito Wataru , Mimura Yusuke , Nakazawa Toshiyuki , Imura Takayuki , Shirasawa Eiki , Uchida Kentaro , Ikeda Shinsuke , Kuroda Akiyoshi , Inoue Sho , Yokozeki Yuji , Tanaka Yoshihide , Akazawa Tsutomu , Takaso Masashi , Inoue Gen
Published: May 2023

Patients with neuromuscular diseases usually have progressive neuromuscular scoliosis (NMS), requiring invasive surgery. Some patients present with severe scoliosis at the time of consultation and are difficult to treat. Posterior spinal fusion (PSF) surgery combined with anterior release and pre or intraoperative traction would be effective for severe spinal deformity, but invasive. This study aimed to evaluate the outcomes of PSF only surgery for patients with severe NMS with Cobb angle >100 °. Thirty NMS patients (13 boys and 17 girls; mean age 13.8 years) who underwent PSF only surgery for scoliosis with Cobb angle >100 ° were included. We reviewed the lower instrumented vertebra (LIV), duration of surgery, blood loss, perioperative complications, preoperative clinical findings, and radiographic findings including Cobb angle and pelvic obliquity (PO) in the sitting position pre and postoperatively. The correction rate and correction loss of the Cobb angle and PO were also calculated. The mean duration of surgery was 338 min, intraoperative blood loss was 1,440 mL, preoperative %VC was 34.1%, FEV1.0 (%) was 91.5%, and EF was 66.1%. There were eight cases of perioperative complications. The Cobb angle and PO correction rates were 48.5% and 42.0%, respectively. We divided the patients into two groups: the L5 group, in which the LIV was L5, and the pelvis group, in which the LIV was the pelvis. The duration of surgery and PO correction rate in the pelvis group was significantly higher than that of the L5 group. Patients with severe NMS demonstrated severe preoperative restrictive ventilatory impairments. PSF only surgery for severe NMS showed satisfactory outcomes, although highly invasive. Instrumentation and fusion to the pelvis for severe scoliosis in patients with NMS showed good PO correction and low correction loss of Cobb angle and PO, but a longer duration of surgery.
Red-Ox Front Propagation in Polyaniline-Polymer Electrolyte System as a Basis for Spiking and Rate-Based Neural Networks and Multibit ReRAM
Authors: Godovsky Dmitry , Keshtov Mukhamed , Kondratenko Mikhail , Kazaryan Polyna , Nekrasov Alexandr , Erokhin Victor
Published: May 2023

We observed and studied the phenomenon of the redox front propagation in different polyaniline (PAni) deposited samples interfaced with liquid or solid polymeric electrolyte. The front of electrochemical conversion, in which the insulator and the conductor parts of PAni are interfaced, is studied observing the temporal evolution of the conductivity of PAni samples. The propagation of redox front was studied in electrochemically obtained thick (2 µm) and in thin (50 nm) poly-aniline films, obtained using Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) method. In the configuration that we tested, the speed of the red-ox front propagation for the thin LB films was found to be 200 micron/sec opening the way for the manufacturing large neural networks, realized using PAni based memristive devices, in which the memristance can be quickly changed in the programmable manner. The prototypes of the spiking neuron connections were manufactured on the basis of lithographically developed gold contacts, bridged by electrochemically grown polyaniline and placed under polymer electrolyte layer with only one counter electrode (gate) for the whole manifold of pseudo-two-terminal memristor bridges. The spike propagation was studied in such gold-polyaniline systems. The research opens the possibility of miniature spike or rate-based neural network circuits manufacture, based on metal pads and polyaniline.
Suzuki-Miyaura Reaction in the Presence of N-Acetylcysteamine Thioesters Enables Rapid Synthesis of Biomimetic Polyketide Thioester Surrogates for Biosynthetic Studies
Authors: Derra Sebastian , Schlotte Luca , Hahn Frank
Published: May 2023

Biomimetic N-acetylcysteamine thioesters are essential for the study of polyketide synthases, non-ribosomal peptide synthetases and fatty acid synthases. The chemistry for their preparation is however limited by their specific functionalization and their susceptibility to undesired side reactions. This is especially detrimental to transition metal-catalyzed reactions. Here we report a method for the rapid preparation of N-acetylcysteamine (SNAC) 7-hydroxy-2-enethioates, which are suitable for the study of various enzymatic domains of megasynthase enzymes, particularly oxygen heterocycle-forming cyclase domains. The method is based on a one-pot sequence of hy-droboration and Suzuki-Miyaura reaction. Optimization of the reaction conditions made it possi-ble to suppress potential side reactions and to introduce the highly functionalized SNAC meth-acrylate unit in high yield. The versatility of the sequence was demonstrated on a dienal precur-sor, which was subjected to Brown crotylation followed by the hydroboration-Suzuki-Miyaura reaction sequence and deprotection, finally giving a complex polyketide SNAC thioester. Back-bone extension by six carbons and a terminal SNAC enethioate was achieved, introducing an E-configured double bond and two adjacent stereocenters in a highly selective manner. The pre-sented method allows for the synthesis of the target motif in significantly fewer steps and with higher overall yield than previously described approaches, while maintaining higher flexibility and control over the stereogenic elements. It is also the first reported example of a transition met-al-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction in the presence of an SNAC thioester.
Quality of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Services at Bank Syariah Indonesia (BSI) in 2021 in the Perspective of Islamic Social Reporting (ISR) Index and Maqashid Syariah Index (MSI)
Authors: Nanda Pratiwi Danisa , Setiyowati Arin , Huda Fatkur
Published: May 2023

The government issues regulations through Limited Liability Company Law No. 40 of 2007 articles 66 and 74, which states that companies are required to report on the implementation of social and environmental responsibility which is often referred to as Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). In carrying out its social responsibility, Bank Syariah Indonesia (BSI) must ensure that its operational system meets the benchmarks in CSR. To measure it, it is necessary to have a measuring instrument, namely using the Islamic Social Reporting (ISR) Index and the Maqashid Syariah Index (MSI), to fulfill CSR services to the community. This study aims to analyze the quality of CSR services at BSI 2021 in the ISR Index and MSI Perspective. This research was conducted using a type of library research (Library Research) using a qualitative approach. The validity of the data using source triangulation and data analysis techniques using data reduction. The results of the study show that the quality of CSR services in the 2021 BSI report has carried out CSR in accordance with seven principles including: ethical principles of ethics, principles of caliph protection, principles of honesty and trustworthiness, principles of halalan tayyiban, principles of fairness, principles of authenticity and credibility, and principles of charity. As for the quality of CSR activities specifically based on ISR items on the classification of funding and investment in zakat points, community classification in sadaqah, waqf, qardh hasan points, school scholarships, young generation development, community quality improvement, concern for children, and support social activities. And environmental classification at the point of environmental conservation and empowerment. Meanwhile, the quality of CSR services at BSI is in accordance with the Maqashid Syariah Index and fulfills the principles of individual education, achievement of justice, and public welfare, which are the foundations of this maqashid syariah not implemented by other Islamic banks.
The Effect of Job Satisfaction and Work Discipline on Employee Performance at BPRS Bhakti Sumekar Sumenep
Authors: Putri Andik Bone , Maftuhah Rifa'atul , Rafsanjani Haqiqi
Published: May 2023

The bank itself is a financial institution that plays an important role in the economy of a country. The more developed the banking industry, the better the country's economic growth. Bank as a financial institution whose function is to collect and distribute funds to the public in order to increase equity, economic growth and stability. Thus, banks are able to collect and distribute public funds effectively and efficiently towards improving people's living standards. The main objectives of the researchers are (1) to find out whether there is a significant influence on job satisfaction on employee work, (2) to find out whether there is a significant influence on work discipline on employee work, and (3) to find out whether there is a significant effect simultaneously between the two variables namely job satisfaction and work discipline on the work performance of BPRS Bhakti Sumekar Sumenep employees. This research method was conducted using a quantitative approach. The population in this study were all employees of BPRS Bhakti Sumekar Sumenep, totaling 51 employees. In this study the sample technique used was saturated sampling where all members of the population were selected as samples. Data collection in this study was a questionnaire or questionnaire, then testing in analyzing information through classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression tests, and hypothesis testing using SPSS 26 software. positive and significant to employee performance (Y) tcount of 2.974 > ttable 2.00 with a significant value level of 0.238 less than 0.05. While Work Discipline (X2) by t test has a positive and significant effect on Employee Performance (Y) tcount of 4.156 > ttable 2.00 with a significant value level of 0.000 less than 0.05. Simultaneously, having an Fcount value of 30,731 while Ftable is 2.79. Because Fcount > Ftable (30,731 > 2.79) and a significance of 0.000 <0.05. And the magnitude of the job satisfaction variable (X1) and work discipline variable (X2) can be seen from the assessment of other variables outside the model. This value indicates that variations in employee work variables are influenced by job satisfaction (X1) and work discipline (X2).
Analysis of The Factors That Influence The Perceptions of Culinary Business Owners Regarding Intention to Register For Halal Certificates
Authors: Dawam Khaerud , Iswandi Andi
Published: May 2023

Indonesia Law No. 33 of 2014 concerning Halal Assurance requires that by 2019 halal certification should be effectively implemented for food and beverage products, as well as service products related to both. Out of the 1.6 million micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs), only 10 percent have been halal certified. This study aims to analyze the factors that influence the perceptions of culinary business owners regarding intention to register for halal certificates. Theory of Planned Behavior will be modified and implemented in preparing the frameworks of the dependent-independent variables. Using partial least square method, 200 sample of culinary producers -owners and managers- in Bogor were studied. Intention of producers is found to be significantly influenced by trust. Trust is also found to be sensitive to functional factor and subjective norm. Trust is also found to be determining attitude, together with functional factor and perceived behavioral norms. Trust is also significant in mediating the effect of perceived behavioral norms to intention, and also in mediating the effect of subjective norm to intention.The population of this study is the MSMEs culinary producers in Great Bogor Area, West Java, Indonesia. Only the respective owners and managers of the responding businesses were the main respondent. Similar research should be done for other types of halal product in order to generalize the results.This research modify TPB in setting the framework of determinants for halal certification intention. Variables added to the original TPB framework are trust and functional factor.This result concludes that trust is crucial in the effort to increase the number of halal certified products in Bogor. The halal certification authorities would have basis to review their policies, procedures, and technical guidelines for halal certification process. This study could be extended in terms of object and other potential determinant variables. Literatures related to halal certification has limited exposure to producers’ motivation for halal certification
Hubungan Jaringan Internet terhadap Karakter Kedisiplinan Mahasiswa PGSD STKIP Al Hikmah Surabaya Selama Pembelajaran Daring
Authors: Dussawal Wahed , Widodo Slamet
Published: May 2023

Since February 2020 Indonesia had hited by Covid-19, transmission this virus is very fast and victim total increase every day. It is had impact that government should published a policy about social restriction. All activities are limited belonging on education. Learning in the campus also did onlinely. Since online learning is done, many students have problems due to unstable connection that decrease on discipline character of students. This research aim to know relation between internet connections to discipline character of students.  Subject of research are used with involve 22 students of primary school teacher candidate of Al Hikmah Teacher Institute, meanwhile data analize technique utilize quantitative data analize technique. The result of this study showed that there are correlations significancies between intetnet connections to discipline character of students.
Analisis Respon Siswa dan Sikap Peduli Lingkungan dalam Pelaksanaan Program Adiwiyata di SDN Jatimalang
Authors: Istiqomah Hidayatul , Sugiyono Sugiyono , Erviana Lina
Published: May 2023

The Adiwiyata Program is a school program that aims to create the responsibility of school residents in protecting and managing the environment to support sustainable development. The objectives of this study to describe: 1) the implementation of the Adiwiyata program in SDN Jatimalang; (2) student’s response in the implementation of the Adiwiyata program; (3) the student's environmental care attitude in the implementation of the Adiwiyata program. This research was a qualitative research which used qualitative descriptive methods qualitative. The research subjects were the fifth grade students of SDN Jatimalang. Data collection techniques included documentation, observation, interviews, and questionnaires. Data validation used triangulation technique and data sources. Data analysis used a qualitative descriptive of Miles and Huberman technique, including data reduction, data display, and conclusion. The results showed that: (1) The implementation of the Adiwiyata program in SDN Jatimalang can be carried out well and has been done with the initial planning stages. The implementation of the Adiwiyata program fulfills two aspects: environmental-based school curiculum aspects and participatory-based activities; (2) Student’s response in the implementation of the Adiwiyata program in SDN Jatimalang showed the result of having good responses with a precentage of 72%; (3) The environmental care attitude in the implementation of the Adiwiyata program in SDN Jatimalang showed the result of having good attitudes with a precentage of 78%.
Implementasi Gerakan Literasi Sekolah (GLS) pada Keterampilan Membaca Siswa Kelas III SDN 1 Jatigunung
Authors: Cahyani Regita , Ardhyantama Vit , Aristya Ferry
Published: May 2023

This study aims to (1) describe the implementation of the school literacy movement at SDN 1 Jatigunung for the 2019/2020 academic year, (2) determine students' reading skills through the implementation of the school literacy movement at SDN 1 Jatigunung for the 2019/2020 academic year, ( 3) find out the obstacles and solutions in the implementation of the school literacy movement. This research applied qualitative descriptive method. The subjects of this study were 1 school principal, 1 teacher, 33 students, and 2 parents of SDN 1 Jatigunung students. Student and parent subjects were selected by purposive sampling. Data collection techniques include documentation and observation of GLS implementation, and interviews. The results obtained in this study are: 1) The implementation of the school literacy movement at SDN 1 Jatigunung was good. The teacher has implemented 3 stages, namely: habituation, development, and learning; 2) students' reading skills, especially in grade III 70%, were fluent in reading. Through the school literacy movement, teachers have invited their students to always get used to reading. And for students who still have difficulty in reading, the teacher makes slow reading service program; 3) An obstacle in the implementation of the school literacy movement is the lack of supply of book collections in the library so that schools are trying to use BOS to help increase the collection of library books.
Analisis Keterampilan Menulis Deskripsi Siswa Kelas VI SDN 2 Worawari
Authors: Tyaningrum Melinda Adi , Suryatin Suryatin , Purnamasari Mega Isvandiana
Published: May 2023

This study aims to determine: (1) the descriptive writis skill of grade VI students in SDN 2 Worawari; (2) the obstacles faced by students in writing descriptive reset. This type of the research was descriptive qualitative. This research war conducted in the second semester of the 2019/2020 in academic year of subjects were 23 grade VI students of SDN 2 Worawari. Data collection used test methods, and interviews. The validity of the data used technical triangulation. The data analysis technique in this study used Miles and Hubberman.The results of this study indicate that the writing skills of grade VI students of SDN 2 Worawari were 26% in the high category, 39% in the medium category, and 34% in the low category. The obstacles faced by students in writing descriptive were students still found difficulties to put ideas into words or sentences, and in correct spelling and punctuation.
Entomopathogenic fungi for the control of larvae and adults of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) vector of dengue, chikungunya and Zika viruses in Mexico
Authors: Cisneros-Vázquez Luis Alberto , Penilla-Navarro Rosa Patricia , Rodríguez Américo D. , Ordóñez-González José Genaro , Valdez-Delgado Kenia Mayela , Danis-Lozano Rogelio , Vázquez-Martínez Guadalupe
Published: May 2023

Objective. To assess larvicide and adulticide activity of different native strains of fungi on Aedes aegypti. Materials and methods. Third instar larvae were exposed for 72 h at a concentration of 1x108 conidia/ml of 15 fungi; only fungi that significantly affected the larvae were evaluated against the adult phase at a concentration of 2x1010 conidia/ml. Mortality readings were performed at 24, 48, and 72 h for larvae, and every day to 30 days for adults. Results. Trichoderma longibrachiatum, Aspergillus aculeatus, and Metarhizium anisopliae had the best larvicidal activity at 24 h of exposure (p<0.05), causing mortalities of 100, 72, and 62%, respectively. Adult mosquitoes were more affected by Gliocladium virens (45% mortality), M. anisopliae (30% mortality), and T. longibrachiatum (23.33% mortality). Conclusion. The larval stage of Ae. aegypti was more susceptible than the adult phase to the pathogenic action of native fungi, with T. longibrachiatum being with the highest virulence.
Descontrol glucémico: desafío de salud pública en prepandemia y pandemia
Authors: Mares-Gutiérrez Yolanda , Gallardo-Hernández Alberto , Lazcano-Ponce Eduardo , Martínez-Franco Adrián Israel , García-Minjares Manuel , Martínez-González Adrián
Published: May 2023

Objetivo. Comparar el control glucémico entre pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 prepandemia vs pandemia de Covid-19 que acudieron a unidades de salud de primer nivel de atención de la Ciudad de México. Material y métodos. Se analizaron los registros de 23 912 pacientes con diabetes; 78.7% fueron del grupo prepandemia (2016 a 2020) y 21.3% del grupo pandemia (marzo 2020 a julio 2021). Se calcularon medidas de tendencia central y de dispersión, pruebas t de Student y se ajustó un modelo de regresión logística múltiple. Resultados. La mayoría de los pacientes con diabetes fueron mujeres (66.6 y 62.6%) con edad promedio de 59 y 58 años, respectivamente, y con hemoglobina glucosilada (HbA1) final de 7.7 vs el grupo pandemia (8.0). Las variables asociadas con el descontrol glucémico incluyeron periodo, nivel de HbA1, sobrepeso, obesidad, antecedente de padres con diabetes, número de medicamentos y tipo de insulina. Conclusiones. La mayoría de los pacientes con diabetes en ambos grupos tuvieron descontrol glucémico. Los pacientes del grupo pandemia tuvieron mayor descontrol glucémico de HbA1 comparados con los del grupo prepandemia. Después de recibir atención médica en ambos grupos, los pacientes mejoraron su control glucémico.
Reconocimiento a revisores y dictaminadores
Authors:   Cuerpo editorial Salud Pública de México
Published: May 2023

No disponible
Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2) suppresses asexual embryo and autonomous endosperm formation in rice
Authors: Luo Ming , Wu Xiaoba , Xie Liqiong , Sun Xizhe , Wang Ningning , Finnegan Jean , Helliwell Chris , Yao Jialing , Zhang Hongyu , Wu Xian-Jun , Lu Falong , Ma Lisong , Zhou Bing , Chaudhury Abed , Cao Xiaofeng , Hands Phil
Published: May 2023

Prevention of autonomous division of the egg apparatus and central cell in a female gametophyte before fertilization ensures successful reproduction in flowering plants. Here we show that rice ovules with PRC2 Osfie1 and Osfie2 double mutations exhibit asexual embryo and autonomous endosperm formation at a high frequency, while ovules with a single Osfie2 mutation display asexual pre-embryo-like structures at a lower frequency without fertilization. Confocal microscopy images indicate that the asexual embryos were mainly derived from eggs in the double mutants, while the asexual pre-embryos likely originated from eggs or synergids. Early onsetting, higher penetrance and better development of asexual embryos in the double mutants compared with those in Osfie2 suggest that autonomous endosperm facilitated the asexual embryo development. Transcriptomic analysis showed pluripotency factors such as male genome expressed OsBBM1 and OsWOX8/9 were activated in the asexual embryos. Similarly, the maternal alleles of the paternally expressed imprinted genes were activated in the autonomous endosperm. Our results suggest that the egg apparatus and central cell convergently adopt PRC2 to suppresses asexual embryo and autonomous endosperm formation possibly through silencing male genome-expressed genes.
RETRACTED: Unveiling the Diagn: RCR and SPIO contrast-enhanced DWI MRI for Distinguishing Benign Liver from Malignant Liver Lesions
Authors: Sarfraz Fatima , Kamran Ayesha , Bacha Haseeb , Ali Nasir
Published: May 2023

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Influence of droplet size on the antibacterial efficacy of citral and citronella oil nanoemulsions in polysaccharide coated fresh-cut apples
Authors: Touayar Mounir , Zayani Rania , Messaoud Chokri , Salman Hesham
Published: May 2023

Fresh-cut fruits are highly perishable and susceptible to bacterial contamination; thus, effective preservation methods are necessary to extend their shelf-life and improve quality.
Polysaccharides edible coating loaded with essential oil nanoemulsions have the potential to extend shelf life and improve quality. The effectiveness of this approach is dependent on the properties of the nanoemulsions, such as droplet size (DS) and stability. This study optimized the production of citral (CT) and citronella oil (CTO) nanoemulsions (CT-CTO-NEs) for use in fresh-cut apples, with a focus on the effect of DS on antibacterial efficacy.
After testing different combinations of surfactants tween 80 (TW 80) and co-surfactants Propylene Glycol (PG), the results showed that the optimal CT-CTO-NEs had droplets size of less than 500 nm and were stable for 3 weeks at 4ºC. The highest antibacterial activity against Listeria monocytogenes and Escherichia coli was observed with the smallest DS (< 100 nm). This study highlights the importance of DS in the efficacy of essential oil nanoemulsions as an antibacterial coating for fresh-cut fruits. The smaller the droplet size, the better the antibacterial activity.
Zero- to Low-field Relaxometry of Chemical and Biological Fluids
Authors: Alcicek Seyma , Put Piotr , Kubrak Adam , Alcicek Fatih Celal , Barskiy Danila , Gloeggler Stefan , Dybas Jakub , Pustelny Szymon
Published: May 2023

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is a powerful analytical tool of modern science and technology. Apart from rich information that can be extracted from the frequencies of precessing nuclear spins, detection of the decay of the signals (NMR relaxometry) may reveal important information about molecular environment, including NMR-silent (spin-0) molecules. While conventionally done at high fields, in this work, we present NMR relaxometry at zero and ultra-low magnetic field (ZULF) regime. Operation under these conditions is especially promising because spin evolution occurs at timescales (milliseconds to seconds) comparable to those of many slow (bio)chemical processes allowing their investigation. It also limits the detrimental role of line-broadening induced by magnetic susceptibility. These measurements can be performed with an inexpensive, portable/small-size system. Applicability of the ZULF NMR relaxometry is demonstrated in analysis of various (bio)chemicals including 1H-13C, 1H-15N, and 1H-31P spin systems. We observed high-quality ZULF NMR spectra of human whole blood, despite a shortening of spin relaxation time of its water protons (0.3-0.4 s) induced by blood proteomes (e.g., hemoglobin). The information about the relaxation times of blood and, potentially, other biofluids, can be obtained with sample preparation in less than a minute and without the need for a sophisticated apparatus.
‘Right-Angled Anteromedial Knee Arthrotomy’ in Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Novel Surgical technique and Retrospective short-term cohort study in consecutive patients
Authors: Singanamala Naveen , Motta-Moss Ana
Published: May 2023

Background An adequate knee arthrotomy providing visualization is critical for implanting a well-aligned total knee arthroplasty. This paper describes a novel technique of ‘Right-Angled Anteromedial Knee Arthrotomy’ that allows excellent exposure of routine and even of some stiff knees, while enabling precise closure, thus avoiding problems seen with improper tensioning of the extensor mechanism.Purpose The purpose of this study was to answer the following questions: 1) What is the incidence of extensor mechanism complications after the described technique 2) Is it possible to achieve range of motion to or beyond 1200? 3) What is the incidence of significant (10 deg or more) extensor lag after this technique?Methods The ‘Right-Angled Anteromedial Knee Arthrotomy’ was used to perform Total Knee Arthroplasty in 78 consecutive patients (85 knees). Range-of-motion measurements and complications were recorded. Data collected as part of routine clinical follow-up was analyzed retrospectively. Independent Institutional Review Board (Ethics Committee) exemption was obtained for publication.Results Average and median follow up for the cohort was 48.1 and 40 weeks, respectively. During the follow-up period, there were zero instances of quadriceps tendon rupture and no re-operations for extensor mechanism complications. Three patients (3/85 = 3.5%) had an extensor lag of 10–15 degrees. The maximum range-of-motion achieved in any patient in the cohort was 140 degrees, while the minimum was 95 degrees. Six knees (6/85 = 7%) had a residual flexion contracture, from 5 to 15 degrees. All patients reported improved clinically, returning to or exceeding pre-operative activity, including stair climbing.Conclusions The ‘Right-Angled Anteromedial Knee Arthotomy’ as described was a viable technique for primary and revision total knee arthroplasty in this group of patients with good short term results. There were no complications that were attributable to the approach, especially in the time frame relevant to the integrity of the healing of the extensor mechanism.
3D Neuron Morphology Analysis
Authors: Jiang Jiaxiang , Goebel Michael , Borba Cezar , Smith William , Manjunath B.S.
Published: May 2023

We consider the problem of finding an accurate representation of neuron shapes, extracting sub-cellular features, and classifying neurons based on neuron shapes. In neuroscience research, the skeleton representation is often used as a compact and abstract representation of neuron shapes. However, existing methods are limited to getting and analyzing“curve”skeletons which can only be applied for tubular shapes. This paper presents a 3D neuron morphology analysis method for more general and complex neuron shapes. First, we introduce the concept of skeleton mesh to represent general neuron shapes and propose a novel method for computing mesh representations from 3D surface point clouds. A skeleton graph is then obtained from skeleton mesh and is used to extract sub-cellular features. Finally, an unsupervised learning method is used to embed the skeleton graph for neuron classification. Extensive experiment results are provided and demonstrate the robustness of our method to analyze neuron morphology.
Relationship between animal health and livestock farmers’ wellbeing in Ghana: beyond zoonoses
Authors: Nuvey Francis Sena , Haydon Daniel T. , Hattendorf Jan , Addo Kennedy Kwasi , Mensah Gloria Ivy , Fink Günther , Zinsstag Jakob , Bonfoh Bassirou
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Livestock production is a key livelihood source for many people in developing countries. Poor control of livestock diseases hamper livestock productivity, threatening farmers’ wellbeing and food security. This study estimates the effect of livestock mortalities attributable to disease on the wellbeing of livestock farmers.
Methods: Overall, 350 ruminant livestock farmers were randomly selected from three districts located in the north, middle and southern belts of Ghana. Mixed-effect models were used to estimate the relationship between animal health and farmer wellbeing. Farmer wellbeing was assessed using the WHOQOL-BREF tool, as the mean quality-of-life in four domains (physical, psychological, social, and environmental). Animal health was assessed as annual livestock mortalities to diseases adjusted for herd size, and standardized in tropical livestock units to account for different ruminant livestock species. We adjusted for the potential confounding effect of farmers’ age, sex, educational attainment, farmland size, socio-economic status, perception of disease risk to herd, satisfaction with health, previous experience of disease outbreaks in herds, and social support availability by including these as fixed effects, and community as random effects, in a pre-specified model.
Results: Our results showed that farmers had a median score of 65.5 out of 100 (IQR: 56.6 –73.2) on the wellbeing scale. The farmers’ reported on average (median) 10% (IQR: 0 – 23) annual herd mortalities to infectious diseases. There was a significantly negative relationship between increasing severity of animal disease impact on herds and farmers’ wellbeing. Specifically, our model predicted an expected difference in farmers’ wellbeing score of 7.9 (95%CI 1.50 – 14.39) between a farmer without any herd mortalities to diseases compared to a (hypothetical) farmer with 100% of herd mortalities caused by diseases in a farming year.
Conclusions: Disease-induced livestock mortalities have a negative effect on farmers’ wellbeing, suggesting that veterinary service policies addressing infectious disease risks in livestock, could contribute to improving food security and wellbeing of livestock dependent populations.
68Ga-pAKTi PET/CT imaging as a non-invasive method to assess tumor response to PI3Kα Inhibitor in breast cancer
Authors: Tang Shuang , Liu Yi , Wang Xiangwei , Zhou Qian , Liu Wei , Wan Xiaochun , Zhang Jianping , Xu Xiaoping , Song Shaoli
Published: May 2023

PI3K-AKT signaling is among the most attractive cancer therapeutic targets and the first PI3Kα inhibitor has been approved for breast cancer therapy and hundreds of clinical trials. However, how to predict or monitor tumor response to PI3Kα inhibitor in a non-invasive method remains challenging. Here, we developed a PET imaging probe 68Ga-pAKTi detecting phosphorylated-AKT to precisely assess breast tumor response to PI3Kα inhibitor non-invasively in vivo. Using triple negative breast cancer as model, 68Ga-pAKTi PET/CT imaging showed robust radioactive accumulation in PTEN lost or PIK3CA mutated tumors that hyper-phosphorylate AKT. Moreover, changes of 68Ga-pAKTi uptake upon short-term PI3Kα inhibition differentiated PIK3CA mutated tumors from PTEN lost tumors to predict long-term tumor response to PI3Kα inhibitor. Together, our 68Ga-pAKTi PET imaging visualized AKT phosphorylation in vivo, and accurately predicted tumor responses to PI3Kα inhibitor. This work supports future clinical trials using 68Ga-pAKTi PET/CT to optimize clinical implication of PI3K pathway drugs for cancer treatment.
Real-time Quantification of Bowel Perfusion using Laparoscopic Laser Speckle Contrast Imaging (LSCI) in a Porcine Model
Authors: Mehrotra Saloni , Liu Yao , Nwaiwu Chibueze , Buharin Vasiliy E , Stolyarov Roman , Schwaitzberg Steven D , Kalady Matthew F , Kim Peter
Published: May 2023

Background/Purpose Real-time quantification of tissue perfusion can improve intraoperative surgical decision making. Here we demonstrate the utility of Laser Speckle Contrast Imaging as an intra-operative tool that quantifies real-time regional differences in intestinal perfusion and distinguishes ischemic changes resulting from arterial/venous obstruction.Methods Porcine models (n = 3) consisted of selectively devascularized small bowel loops that were used to measure the perfusion responses under conditions of control/no vascular occlusion, arterial inflow occlusion, and venous outflow occlusion using laser speckle imaging and indocyanine green fluoroscopy. Laser Speckle was also used to assess perfusion differences between small bowel antimesenteric-antimesenteric and mesenteric-mesenteric anastomoses. Perfusion quantification was measured in relative perfusion units calculated from the laser speckle perfusion heatmap.Results Laser Speckle distinguished between visually identified perfused, watershed, and ischemic intestinal segments with both color heatmap and quantification (p < .00001). It detected a continuous gradient of relative intestinal perfusion as a function of distance from the stapled ischemic bowel edge. Strong positive linear correlation between relative perfusion units and changes in mean arterial pressure resulting from both arterial (R2 = .96/.79) and venous pressure changes (R2 = .86/.96) was observed. Furthermore, Laser Speckle showed that the antimesenteric anastomosis had a higher perfusion than mesenteric anastomosis (p < 0.01).Conclusions Laser Speckle Contrast Imaging provides objective, quantifiable tissue perfusion information in both color heatmap and relative numerical units. Laser Speckle can detect spatial/temporal differences in perfusion between antimesenteric and mesenteric borders of a bowel segment and precisely detect perfusion changes induced by progressive arterial/venous occlusions in real-time.
Cognitive impairment in multiple system atrophy and spinocerebellar ataxias
Authors: Zhao Jing , Yin Yunsi , Yang Haoxun , Qin Qi
Published: May 2023

Background: Multiple system atrophy (MSA) and spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs) share similar clinical symptoms. Therefore, it is challenging to differentiate MSA and SCAs according to clinical symptoms, especially in the early stage. Currently, the diagnosis still relies on auxiliary inspection and genetic testing. The difference in cognitive symptoms between MSA and SCAs has not been fully investigated. Hence, the aim of this study was to analyze the differences in cognitive impairment between MSA and SCAs.
Methods: Five MSA patients and 5 patients with SCAs were recruited from the memory clinic of Xuanwu Hospital from March to September 2021. We collected detailed clinical information, imaging data, neuropsychological scales and genetic analysis of the patients. Then, we compared the differences in each cognitive domain between MSA and SCA patients.
Results: Comparison of SCA and MSA patients revealed that MSA patients had lower scores on the Clinical Dementia Rating Scale (CDR). There were no statistically significant group difference in global cognitive functioning, as indicated by Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scores.
Conclusion: Both MSA and SCAs present with cognitive impairment, but MSA presents more obvious symptom severity.
Predictors of treatment outcomes following treat-and-extend regimen with aflibercept for branch retinal vein occlusion: post-hoc analysis of the PLATON trial
Authors: Son Wonyung , Jeong Woo Jin , Park Jung Min , Kim Jung-Yeul , Ji Yong-Sok , Sagong Min
Published: May 2023

We investigated predictors of visual outcomes and injection interval in macular edema (ME) secondary to branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) treated with a treat-and-extend (TAE) regimen. All 48 patients in a multicenter study were followed for 52 weeks and received three monthly intravitreal aflibercept injections before the TAE regimen, with treatment intervals adjusted by 4 weeks, up to a maximum of 16 weeks. Various laboratory biomarkers and optical coherence tomography parameters were evaluated. Patients were classified into the extension failure group if they had ≥ 1 treatment interval decreased due to an increase in the central macular thickness compared to the previous visit and 18 patients were assigned to this group. In multivariate logistic analyses, presence of microaneurysms and prominent middle limiting membrane (p-MLM) sign, increased initial external limiting membrane (ELM) disruption, and higher total cholesterol were correlated with inhibiting a sustained extension in the injection interval (P = 0.015, P = 0.032, P = 0.037, P = 0.009, respectively). Despite a proactive strategy, frequent injection requirement in ME secondary to BRVO was anticipated from the presence of microaneurysms and p-MLM sign, increased ELM disruption, and elevated serum total cholesterol level.
Validation Study on Risk-Reduction Activities after Exposure to a Personalized Breast Cancer Risk-Assessment Education Tool in High-Risk Women in the WISDOM Study
Authors: Wang Tianyi , Che Mandy , Huilgol Yash , Keane Holly , Goodman Deborah , Soonavala Rashna , Ozanne Elissa , Shieh Yiwey , Belkora Jeff , Fiscalini Allison Stover , Esserman Laura
Published: May 2023

We performed a 318-participant validation study of an individualized risk assessment tool in women identified as having high- or highest-risk of breast cancer in the personalized arm of the Women Informed to Screen Depending on Measures of risk (WISDOM) trial. Per protocol, these women were educated about their risk and risk reducing options using the Breast Health Decisions (BHD) tool, which uses patient-friendly visuals and 8th grade reading level language to convey risk and prevention options. Prior to exposure to the educational tool, 4.7% of women were already taking endocrine risk reduction, 38.7% were reducing alcohol intake, and 62.6% were exercising. Three months after initial use of BHD, 8.4% of women who considered endocrine risk reduction, 33% of women who considered alcohol reduction, and 46% of women who considered exercise pursued the risk-reducing activities. Unlike lifestyle interventions which are under the control of the patient, additional barriers at the level of the healthcare provider may be impeding the targeted use of endocrine risk reduction medications in women with elevated breast cancer risk.