bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Elevated CO2 impacts bell pepper growth with consequences to Myzus persicae life history, feeding behaviour and virus transmission ability
Authors: Dáder Beatriz , Fereres Alberto , Moreno Aránzazu , Trębicki Piotr
Published: January 2016

Increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) impacts plant growth and metabolism. Indirectly, the performance and feeding of insects is affected by plant nutritional quality and resistance traits. Life history and feeding behaviour of Myzus persicae were studied on pepper plants under ambient (aCO2, 400 ppm) or elevated CO2 (eCO2, 650 ppm), as well as the direct impact on plant growth and leaf chemistry. Plant parameters were significantly altered by eCO2 with a negative impact on aphid’s life history. Their pre-reproductive period was 11% longer and fecundity decreased by 37%. Peppers fixed significantly less nitrogen, which explains the poor aphid performance. Plants were taller and had higher biomass and canopy temperature. There was decreased aphid salivation into sieve elements, but no differences in phloem ingestion, indicating that the diminished fitness could be due to poorer tissue quality and unfavourable C:N balance and that eCO2 was not a factor impeding feeding. Aphid ability to transmit Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) was studied by exposing source and receptor plants to ambient (427 ppm) or elevated (612 ppm) CO2 before or after virus inoculation. A two-fold decrease on transmission was observed when receptor plants were exposed to eCO2 before aphid inoculation when compared to aCO2.
Towards a full understanding of the nature of Ni(ii) species and hydroxyl groups over highly siliceous HZSM-5 zeolite supported nickel catalysts prepared by a deposition–precipitation method
Authors: Chen Bao-Hui , Chao Zi-Sheng , He Hao , Huang Chen , Liu Ya-Juan , Yi Wen-Jun , Wei Xue-Ling , An Jun-Fang
Published: January 2016

A mechanism for the preparation of highly siliceous HZSM-5 zeolite supported nickel catalysts via a deposition–precipitation (D–P) method.
Multiplex surface plasmon resonance biosensing and its transferability towards imaging nanoplasmonics for detection of mycotoxins in barley
Authors: Joshi Sweccha , Segarra-Fas Anna , Peters Jeroen , Zuilhof Han , van Beek Teris A. , Nielen Michel W. F.
Published: January 2016

A 6-plex mycotoxin assay was developed on a portable nanostructured iSPR and compared with a benchmark double 3-plex SPR assay.
Effect of polypyridine copper complex [Cu(dppz)(l-Ser)]NO3·H2O on the stabilization of triplex DNA based on gold-nanoparticles
Authors: Chengke Wu , Xiaoyu An , Yue yuanyuan Yue yuanyuan , Suling Feng , Xiaoqing Niu
Published: January 2016

[Cu(dppz)(l-Ser)]NO3·H2O, as an intercalator, improved the stability of the triplex structure under a weak alkaline environment.
Cu2O rhombic dodecahedra as a superexcellent electroactive substance for ultrasensitive electrochemical immunosensors
Authors: Wang Haining , Pan Boguang , Feng Taotao , Sun Zhao , Dan Jianming , Qiao Xiuwen , Qi Yu , Hong Chenglin
Published: January 2016

Polydopamine functionalized Cu2O rhombic dodecahedra as a superexcellent electroactive substance for ultrasensitive electrochemical immunosensors.
[60]Fullerene–porphyrin [n]pseudorotaxanes: self-assembly, photophysics and third-order NLO response
Authors: Đorđević L. , Marangoni T. , De Leo F. , Papagiannouli I. , Aloukos P. , Couris S. , Pavoni E. , Monti F. , Armaroli N. , Prato M. , Bonifazi D.
Published: January 2016

Herein we report a series of porphyrin and methano[60]fullerene that undergo self-assembly.
Enhancing graphene capacitance by nitrogen: effects of doping configuration and concentration
Authors: Zhan Cheng , Zhang Yu , Cummings Peter T. , Jiang De-en
Published: January 2016

Combined quantum and classical simulations show that the graphitic or pyridinic nitrogen doping can greatly enhance the capacitance of a graphene electrode inside an aqueous electrolyte but the pyrrolic nitrogen, which is very stable in graphene, should be avoided.
Insight into the electronic effect of phosphine ligand on Rh catalyzed CO2 hydrogenation by investigating the reaction mechanism
Authors: Ni Shao-Fei , Dang Li
Published: January 2016

The effect of the outer coordination sphere of the diphosphine ligand on the catalytic efficiency of [Rh(PCH2XRCH2P)2]+ (XR = CH2, N–CH3, CF2) catalyzed CO2 hydrogenation was studied. It was found that the hydricity of the metal hydride bond determined the activation energy of the rate determining step of the reaction.
Impact of inorganic buffering ions on the stability of Fe(vi) in aqueous solution: role of the carbonate ion
Authors: Kolář Michal , Novák Petr , Šišková Karolína M. , Machala Libor , Malina Ondřej , Tuček Jiří , Sharma Virender K. , Zbořil Radek
Published: January 2016

The study presents a systematic kinetics investigation of the decay of ferrate(vi) in the presence of inorganic buffering ions (borate, phosphate, and carbonate) at a pH range from 6.0 to 9.0.
The structural analysis of the pro-oxidant copper-binding site of denatured apo-H43R SOD1 and the elucidation of the origin of the acquisition of the pro-oxidant activity
Authors: Fujimaki Nobuhiro , Miura Takashi , Nakabayashi Takakazu
Published: January 2016

The structure of the Cu2+-binding site of denatured apo-SOD1 mutant (H43R) was investigated to clarify the mechanism of the acquisition of the pro-oxidant activity.
Bisthienylethene Th2im and its complex (Th2imH)2[ReCl6]: crystalline-phase photochromism, and photochemical regulation of luminescence and magnetic properties
Authors: Gong Dan-Ping , Chen Jun-Feng , Zhao Yue , Cao Deng-Ke
Published: January 2016

Bisthienylethene compounds Th2im (1) and (Th2imH)2[ReCl6] (2) show crystalline-phase photochromism (CPP) which can regulate their luminescence and/or magnetic properties.
The crystal design of polar one-dimensional hydrogen-bonded copper coordination complexes
Authors: Takahashi Kiyonori , Hoshino Norihisa , Takeda Takashi , Satomi Koichiro , Suzuki Yasutaka , Noro Shin-ichiro , Nakamura Takayoshi , Kawamata Jun , Akutagawa Tomoyuki
Published: January 2016

The crystal structures, polarities, and second-order harmonic generation activities of one-dimensional copper coordination complexes with hydrogen-bonding interactions were investigated.
570 mV photovoltage, stabilized n-Si/CoOxheterojunction photoanodes fabricated using atomic layer deposition
Authors: Zhou Xinghao , Liu Rui , Sun Ke , Papadantonakis Kimberly M. , Brunschwig Bruce S. , Lewis Nathan S.
Published: January 2016

Deposition of a 50 nm thick CoOxlayer on planar n-Si yields stable, high-performance photoanodes for water oxidation.
The ionic liquid-mediated Claus reaction: a highly efficient capture and conversion of hydrogen sulfide
Authors: Huang Kuan , Feng Xi , Zhang Xiao-Min , Wu You-Ting , Hu Xing-Bang
Published: January 2016

Ionic liquids can mediate effectively the reaction of H2S with SO2without catalysts. The conversion of H2S is as high as 96% within 3 min in [hmim][Cl]. This finding opens up a promising roadmap for the simultaneous capture and conversion of H2S.
Antimicrobial activity of aroylhydrazone-based oxido vanadium(v) complexes: in vitro and in silico studies
Authors: Yousef Ebrahimipour S. , Sheikhshoaie Iran , Simpson Jim , Ebrahimnejad Hadi , Dusek Michal , Kharazmi Nima , Eigner Vaclav
Published: January 2016

A series of oxido vanadium(v) complexes have been synthesized and evaluated from the point of experimental and theoretical antimicrobial activity.
Graphene homojunction: closed-edge bilayer graphene by pseudospin interaction
Authors: Yan Jiaxu , Li Chao , Zhan Da , Liu Lei , Shen Dezhen , Kuo Jer-Lai , Chen Shoushun , Shen Zexiang
Published: January 2016

Depending on the sublattices they are propagated in, low-energy electrons or holes are labeled with pseudospin.
γ-Sultam-cored N,N-ligands in the ruthenium(ii)-catalyzed asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of aryl ketones
Authors: Rast Slavko , Modec Barbara , Stephan Michel , Mohar Barbara
Published: January 2016

Excellent enantioselectivities were obtained in the asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of benzo-fused ketones employing Ru(ii)-[syn-6]; dynamic kinetic resolution of rac-S7 was realized.
Multicomponent reactions of phosphines, enynedioates and benzylidene malononitriles generated highly substituted cyclopentenes through an unexpected phosphine α-addition-δ-evolvement of an anion pathway
Authors: Chuang Shih-Ching , Sung Shih-Ping , Deng Jie-Cheng , Chiou Mong-Feng , Hsu Day-Shin
Published: January 2016

Multicomponent reactions of phosphines, enynedioates and benzylidene malononitriles provide highly substituted cyclopentenes through key 1,5-dipolar species.
Synthesis, conformation and antiproliferative activity of isothiazoloisoxazole 1,1-dioxides
Authors: Blackburn J. , Molyneux G. , Pitard A. , Rice C. R. , Page M. I. , Afshinjavid S. , Javid F. A. , Coles S. J. , Horton P. N. , Hemming K.
Published: January 2016

Isothiazoles (I) reacted with 1,3-dipoles or NaN3 to give cycloadducts (II) or thiazete (III). Thiazete (III) rearranged to give 1,2,3-oxathiazoline (IV).
UV-triggered thiol–disulfide exchange reaction towards tailored biodegradable hydrogels
Authors: Wang Linlin , Li Lei , Wang Xing , Huang Da , Yang Fei , Shen Hong , Li Zichen , Wu Decheng
Published: January 2016

Biodegradable hydrogels were constructed by a UV-triggered thiol–disulfide exchange reaction with temporal and spatial precision.
Capacitive deionization in organic solutions: case study using propylene carbonate
Authors: Porada S. , Feng G. , Suss M. E. , Presser V.
Published: January 2016

We present a study of the performance of capacitive deionization (CDI) when applied to electrosorption in an organic solvent, finding enhanced cell charging voltages and improved salt sorption over electrosoprtion in aqueous solutions.
Synthesis of new α-aminophosphonate derivatives incorporating benzimidazole, theophylline and adenine nucleobases using l-cysteine functionalized magnetic nanoparticles (LCMNP) as magnetic reusable catalyst: evaluation of their anticancer properties
Authors: Bahrami Foroogh , Panahi Farhad , Daneshgar Fatemeh , Yousefi Reza , Shahsavani Mohammad Bagher , Khalafi-Nezhad Ali
Published: January 2016

A new class of α-aminophosphonate derivatives incorporating benzimidazole, theophylline and adenine nucleobases were synthesized in a three-step process and the anticancer activities of selected ligands were evaluated.
Magnetic leathers
Authors: Thanikaivelan P. , Murali R. , Krishnaraj K.
Published: January 2016

Thermo-physically stable magnetic leathers were prepared using iron oxide nanoparticles by a conventional surface coating technique for advanced applications such as adhesive-free wall covering and energy harvesting.
Operando Raman spectroscopic studies of lithium zirconates during CO2 capture at high temperature
Authors: Peltzer Diana , Múnera John , Cornaglia Laura
Published: January 2016

Operando Raman spectroscopy allowed following up the phase evolution for K-doped lithium zirconates during the CO2 capture process.
Spatially-controlled growth of platinum on gold nanorods with tailoring plasmonic and catalytic properties
Authors: Rong Yun , Dandapat Anirban , Huang Youju , Sasson Yoel , Zhang Lei , Dai Liwei , Zhang Jiawei , Guo Zhiyong , Chen Tao
Published: January 2016

Dendritic platinum decorated gold nanorods with tailored optical and catalytic properties were synthesized by the spatial control of Pt growth over gold nanorods.
Modification of cellulose paper with polydopamine as a thin film microextraction phase for detection of nitrophenols in oil samples
Authors: Ye Cunling , Wu Yujun , Wang Zhike
Published: January 2016

Polydopamine cellulose paper was used as a novel extraction phase to detect nitrophenols in oil samples.
Nano-capsules of amphiphilic poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(bisphenol A carbonate) copolymers via thermodynamic entrapment
Authors: Sutti A. , Chaffraix T. , Voda A. S. , Taylor A. , Magniez K.
Published: January 2016

Fast and simple preparation of nano-capsules by water addition to poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(bisphenol A carbonate) copolymers in THF.
Direct delamination of graphite ore into defect-free graphene using a biphasic solvent system under pressurized ultrasound
Authors: Beneš H. , Donato R. K. , Ecorchard P. , Popelková D. , Pavlová E. , Schelonka D. , Pop-Georgievski O. , Schrekker H. S. , Štengl V.
Published: January 2016

The study reported herein describes for the first time a method for producing defect-free graphene directly from its mineral ore.
Assessment of polydopamine coated magnetic nanoparticles in doxorubicin delivery
Authors: Mrówczyński Radosław , Jurga-Stopa Justyna , Markiewicz Roksana , Coy Emerson L. , Jurga Stefan , Woźniak Anna
Published: January 2016

Magnetic nanoparticles coated with bioinspired polydopamine were obtainedviaa co-precipitation method and oxidative polymerization of dopamine. Obtained particle were used for carrying doxorubicin to HeLa cells.
Fabrication of a nano-scale pattern with various functional materials using electrohydrodynamic lithography and functionalization
Authors: Lee Suok , Jung Sang Hee , Kang Dae Joon , Lee JaeJong
Published: January 2016

Direct patterning with inorganic based materials has been developed using electrohydrodynamic lithography. Various sizes and morphologies of inorganic patterns were successfully replicated.
Oxygen-doped activated carbons derived from three kinds of biomass: preparation, characterization and performance as electrode materials for supercapacitors
Authors: Feng Wanru , He Ping , Ding Shuangshuang , Zhang Guangli , He Mingqian , Dong Faqin , Wen Jianwu , Du Licheng , Liu Mingzhang
Published: January 2016

Shown on left is SEM image of MG–AC. Shown on right are C1s XPS spectra of DF–AC. C1s spectra of DF–AC could be deconvoluted into five individual component peaks, indicating the existence of oxygen-containing groups in as-prepared activated carbon.
The cadmium binding characteristics of a lactic acid bacterium in aqueous solutions and its application for removal of cadmium from fruit and vegetable juices
Authors: Zhai Qixiao , Tian Fengwei , Wang Gang , Zhao Jianxin , Liu Xiaoming , Cross Kathryn , Zhang Hao , Narbad Arjan , Chen Wei
Published: January 2016

A lactic acid bacterium with good cadmium binding ability can remove this heavy metal from fruit and vegetable juices efficiently.
Formation of drug nanocrystals under nanoconfinement afforded by liposomes
Authors: Cipolla D. , Wu H. , Salentinig S. , Boyd B. , Rades T. , Vanhecke D. , Petri-Fink A. , Rothin-Rutishauser B. , Eastman S. , Redelmeier T. , Gonda I. , Chan H. K.
Published: January 2016

In response to freeze–thaw, liposome-encapsulated antibiotic (A) is converted into nanocrystalline form (B) resulting in an attenuated drug release profile.
Polymeric β-alanine incarcerated Pd(ii) catalyzed allylic etherification in water: a mild and efficient method for the formation of C(sp3)–O bonds
Authors: Halder Mita , Islam Md. Mominul , Ahammed Sabir , Islam Sk. Manirul
Published: January 2016

A new heterogeneous palladium(ii) catalyst has been developed through a convenient and economic way for the synthesis of allyl-aryl ether.
Amphoteric nanoporous polybenzimidazole membrane with extremely low crossover for a vanadium redox flow battery
Authors: Maurya Sandip , Shin Sung-Hee , Lee Ju-Young , Kim Yekyung , Moon Seung-Hyeon
Published: January 2016

We report amphoteric polybenzimidazole (PBI) membranes with tailored nanoporous structures for vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs).
Oxygen-vacancy modified TiO2 nanoparticles as enhanced visible-light driven photocatalysts by wrapping and chemically bonding with graphite-like carbon
Authors: Qin Xiuqi , He Fang , Chen Lixia , Meng Yuhuan , Liu Jing , Zhao Naiqin , Huang Yuan
Published: January 2016

In this work, an effective composite photocatalyst (TC800) was prepared which exhibits higher photocatalytic activity under visible light than previously reported TiO2/non-graphene carbon compounds.
Synthesis, reactions and DFT calculations of novel bis(chalcones) linked to a thienothiophene core through an oxyphenyl bridge
Authors: Sayed Osama M. , Moustafa H. , Mekky Ahmed E. M. , Farag Ahmad M. , Elwahy Ahmed H. M.
Published: January 2016

A synthesis of novel isomeric bis(chalcones) based thienothiophene and study of their synthetic utilities as building blocks for novel bis(five- and six-membered) heterocycles are reported.
An efficient, scalable synthesis of ferrocenylphosphine and dichloroferrocenylphosphine
Authors: Surgenor Brian A. , Taylor Laurence J. , Nordheider Andreas , Slawin Alexandra M. Z. , Athukorala Arachchige Kasun S. , Woollins J. Derek , Kilian Petr
Published: January 2016

The fundamental synthetic building blocks FcPH2 and FcPCl2 are obtained in high yield and excellent purities via the fully regiospecific electrophilic monofunctionalisation of ferrocene with P4S10, thus replacing inconvenient tBuLi based procedures.
Decoration of ultra-long carbon nanotubes with Cu2O nanocrystals: a hybrid platform for enhanced photoelectrochemical CO2reduction
Authors: Kecsenovity E. , Endrődi B. , Pápa Zs. , Hernádi K. , Rajeshwar K. , Janáky C.
Published: January 2016

Photoelectrochemical reduction of CO2to form useful chemicals is an increasingly studied avenue for harnessing and storing solar energy.
Excimer emission based on the control of molecular structure and intermolecular interactions
Authors: Lee Jaehyun , Jung Hyocheol , Shin Hwangyu , Kim Joonghan , Yokoyama Daisuke , Nishimura Hidetaka , Wakamiya Atsushi , Park Jongwook
Published: January 2016

The wavelength of excimer formation and efficiency of an OLED device were controlled through the change of the center position of the triple-core chromophore.
Double-side responsive polymer near-infrared photodetectors with transfer-printed electrode
Authors: Xiong Sixing , Tong Jinhui , Mao Lin , Li Zaifang , Qin Fei , Jiang Fangyuan , Meng Wei , Liu Tiefeng , Li Weiwei , Zhou Yinhua
Published: January 2016

Transfer-printed conducting polymer (tp-CP) is employed as the top electrode for near-infrared organic photodetectors. The double-side responsive photodetector exhibits a detectivity of 1013 Jones.
Spin configuration of cylindrical bamboo-like magnetic nanowires
Authors: Bran C. , Berganza E. , Palmero E. M. , Fernandez-Roldan J. A. , Del Real R. P. , Aballe L. , Foerster M. , Asenjo A. , Fraile Rodríguez A. , Vazquez M.
Published: January 2016

The surface and the internal magnetic structure of bamboo-like cylindrical nanowires with tailored diameter modulations have been determined by XMCD/PEEM and MFM.
High-dose consumption of NaCl resulted in severe degradation of lipoproteins associated with hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, and infertility via impairment of testicular spermatogenesis
Authors: Lee Eun-Young , Cho Kyung-Hyun
Published: January 2016

Although the effect of NaCl on serum lipid levels and hypertension is well known, the detailed mechanism of lipoprotein metabolism still remains unclear.
Epigenetic regulation of cyclooxygenase-2 by methylation of c8orf4 in pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Evans Iona C. , Barnes Josephine L. , Garner Ian M. , Pearce David R. , Maher Toby M. , Shiwen Xu , Renzoni Elisabetta A. , Wells Athol U. , Denton Christopher P. , Laurent Geoffrey J. , Abraham David J. , McAnulty Robin J.
Published: January 2016

Fibroblasts derived from the lungs of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and systemic sclerosis (SSc) produce low levels of prostaglandin (PG) E2, due to a limited capacity to up-regulate cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). This deficiency contributes functionally to the fibroproliferative state, however the mechanisms responsible are incompletely understood. In the present study, we examined whether the reduced level of COX-2 mRNA expression observed in fibrotic lung fibroblasts is regulated epigenetically. The DNA methylation inhibitor, 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine (5AZA) restored COX-2 mRNA expression by fibrotic lung fibroblasts dose dependently. Functionally, this resulted in normalization of fibroblast phenotype in terms of PGE2 production, collagen mRNA expression and sensitivity to apoptosis. COX-2 methylation assessed by bisulfite sequencing and methylation microarrays was not different in fibrotic fibroblasts compared with controls. However, further analysis of the methylation array data identified a transcriptional regulator, chromosome 8 open reading frame 4 (thyroid cancer protein 1, TC-1) (c8orf4), which is hypermethylated and down-regulated in fibrotic fibroblasts compared with controls. siRNA knockdown of c8orf4 in control fibroblasts down-regulated COX-2 and PGE2 production generating a phenotype similar to that observed in fibrotic lung fibroblasts. Chromatin immunoprecipitation demonstrated that c8orf4 regulates COX-2 expression in lung fibroblasts through binding of the proximal promoter. We conclude that the decreased capacity of fibrotic lung fibroblasts to up-regulate COX-2 expression and COX-2-derived PGE2 synthesis is due to an indirect epigenetic mechanism involving hypermethylation of the transcriptional regulator, c8orf4.
Coupling of neighbouring low voltage residential distribution feeders for voltage profile improvement using power electronics converters
Authors: Shahnia Farhad , Ghosh Arindam
Published: January 2016

Low voltage feeders (LVFs) experience several voltage quality (VQ) issues such as voltage drop at network peak periods, voltage rise at middays when high number of rooftop photovoltaic cells (PVs) are existing in the feeder, rapid voltage fluctuations as the results of the clouds effects on the power generation of PVs, and voltage unbalance due to the inherent random characteristics of the single‐phase loads and PVs. This study addresses these problems by proposing the concept of coupling the neighbouring LVFs. Based on this concept, two or more LVFs of the same distribution transformer or different distribution transformers are interconnected to support each other and minimise the VQ problems. First, the performance of LVFs in the existing form is discussed and three approaches of coupling the LVFs are presented. Among the presented techniques, coupling of LVFs through a distribution static compensator (DSTATCOM) at the end of the feeder is proposed and focused as an effective technique with minimal side effects such as power losses and cost. Proper dynamic control methods are also proposed for the DSTATCOM and the performance of such a system is investigated under steady‐state and dynamic conditions via numerical analysis and simulation studies in MATLAB and PSCAD/EMTDC.
Das stimmliche Selbstkonzept (FESS) bei Studierenden der Medizin
Authors: Lehnert B.
Published: January 2016

Einführung: Der 2015 publizierte Fragebogen zur Erfassung des Stimmlichen Selbstkonzepts (FESS) von Nusseck et al. erfasst mit 17 Items die 3 Skalen „Beziehung zur eigenen Stimme“, „Bewusstheit im Umgang mit der eigenen Stimme“ und „Stimme und Emotion“. Die vorliegende Arbeit soll ein Bild von der normalen Verteilung dieser Skalenwerte an jungen Erwachsenen erfassen.

Material und Methoden: 96 FESS-Fragebögen wurden von Studierenden der Medizin ausgefüllt, zusätzlich um ein weiteres Item „Es fällt mir leicht, diesen Bogen auszufüllen“ erweitert. Es wird eine Verteilung der Skalenwerte in Form von Perzentilen angegeben.

Ergebnisse: In allen 3 Skalen fanden sich keine signifikanten Geschlechtsunterschiede, so dass die Auswertung gemeinsam erfolgt. Die Verteilungen zeigen eine breite Streuung und keine relevanten Probleme mit Boden- oder Deckeneffekten. Das Item „Es fällt mir leicht, diesen Bogen auszufüllen“ erfuhr überwiegend zustimmende Skalenwerte, tendenziell umso höhere, je höher auch die ersten beiden Selbstkonzeptskalen ausfielen.

Diskussion: Die Ergebnisse ermutigen zur Verwendung des Fragebogens, da die angegebenen Werte gut streuen und keine Boden- oder Deckeneffekte auftreten. Für die Anwendung bei Stimmpatienten muss sicher beobachtet werden, welche klinische Bedeutung darin liegt, dass Menschen mit niedrigeren Skalenwerten das Ausfüllen des Bogens nicht immer leicht fällt. Die vorgelegten Prozentränge beziehen sich auf Studierende der Medizin im 4. Klinischen Semester. Bis zum Vorliegen größerer und vielseitigerer Normierungsstudien werden wir sie auch für andere junge Erwachsene einsetzen.
Influence of Didymosphenia geminata Blooms on Prey Composition and Associated Diet and Growth of Brown Trout
Authors: James Daniel A. , Chipps Steven R.
Published: January 2016

We compared diet, stomach fullness, condition, and growth of Brown Trout Salmo trutta among streams with or without blooms of the benthic diatom Didymosphenia geminata in the Black Hills, South Dakota. In Rapid Creek, where D. geminata blooms covered ∼30% of the stream bottom, Brown Trout consumed fewer ephemeropterans (6–8% by weight) than individuals from two stream sections that have not had D. geminata blooms (Castle and Spearfish creeks; 13–39% by weight). In contrast, dipterans (primarily Chironomidae) represented a larger percentage of Brown Trout diets from Rapid Creek (D. geminata blooms present; 16–28% dry weight) compared with diets of trout from streams without D. geminata blooms (6–19% dry weight). Diets of small Brown Trout (100–199 mm TL) reflected the invertebrate species composition in benthic stream samples; in Rapid Creek, ephemeropterans were less abundant whereas dipterans were more abundant than in streams without D. geminata blooms. Stomach fullness and condition of Brown Trout from Rapid Creek were generally greater than those of Brown Trout from other populations. Linkages among invertebrate availability, diet composition, and condition of Brown Trout support the hypothesis that changes in invertebrate assemblages associated with D. geminata (i.e., more Chironomidae) could be contributing to high recruitment success for small Brown Trout in Rapid Creek.
The How of Toponymy: A Comment on Tent’s “Approaches to Research in Toponymy”
Authors: Nash Joshua
Published: January 2016

This comment which considers several ways the how of toponymy is an addendum to Tent’s (2015) where, who, when, what, and why of toponymic research. Summarizing Tent’s claims leads to identifying less–mainstream yet theoretically pertinent research concerns central to the how of toponymics.
Risk, rationality and expected utility theory
Authors: Pettigrew Richard
Published: January 2016

There are decision problems where the preferences that seem rational to many people cannot be accommodated within orthodox decision theory in the natural way. In response, a number of alternatives to the orthodoxy have been proposed. In this paper, I offer an argument against those alternatives and in favour of the orthodoxy. I focus on preferences that seem to encode sensitivity to risk. And I focus on the alternative to the orthodoxy proposed by Lara Buchak’s risk-weighted expected utility theory. I will show that the orthodoxy can be made to accommodate all of the preferences that Buchak’s theory can accommodate.
Understanding Conditionalization
Authors: Meacham Christopher J. G.
Published: January 2016

At the heart of the Bayesianism is a rule, Conditionalization, which tells us how to update our beliefs. Typical formulations of this rule are underspecified. This paper considers how, exactly, this rule should be formulated. It focuses on three issues: when a subject’s evidence is received, whether the rule prescribes sequential or interval updates, and whether the rule is narrow or wide scope. After examining these issues, it argues that there are two distinct and equally viable versions of Conditionalization to choose from. And which version we choose has interesting ramifications, bearing on issues such as whether Conditionalization can handle continuous evidence, and whether Jeffrey Conditionalization is really a generalization of Conditionalization.
Action as a form of temporal unity: on Anscombe’s Intention
Authors: Lavin Douglas
Published: January 2016

The aim of this paper is to display an alternative to the familiar decompositional approach in action theory, one that resists the demand for an explanation of action in non-agential terms, while not simply treating the notion of intentional agency as an unexplained primitive. On this Anscombean alternative, action is not a worldly event with certain psychological causes, but a distinctive form of material process, one that is not simply caused by an exercise of reason but is itself a productive exercise of reason. I argue that to comprehend the proposed alternative requires an account of the temporality of events in general. An event does not simply have a position in time, but is itself temporally structured. With the inner temporality of events in view, the Anscombean conception of action as a specifically self-conscious form of temporal unity is made available for critical reflection.
Evaluation of allergenic potential for rice seed protein components utilizing a rice proteome database and an allergen database in combination with IgE-binding of recombinant proteins
Authors: Hirano Kana , Hino Shingo , Oshima Kenzi , Nadano Daita , Urisu Atsuo , Takaiwa Fumio , Matsuda Tsukasa
Published: January 2016

Among 131 rice endosperm proteins previously identified by MS-based proteomics, most of the proteins showed low or almost no sequence similarity to known allergens in databases, whereas nine proteins did it significantly. The sequence of two proteins showed high overall identity with Hsp70-like hazel tree pollen allergen (Cor a 10) and barley α-amylase (Hor v 16), respectively, whereas the others showed low identity (28–58%) with lemon germin-like protein (Cit l 1), corn zein (Zea m 50 K), wheat chitinase-like xylanase inhibitor (Tri a XI), and kinase-like pollen allergen of Russian thistle (Sal k 1). Immuno-dot blot analysis showed that recombinant proteins for these rice seed homologs were positive in the IgE-binding, but not necessarily similarity dependent, from some allergic patients. These results suggest that utilization of proteome and sequence databases in combination with IgE-binding analysis was effective to screen and evaluate allergenic potential of rice seed protein components.
Butterflies visit more frequently, but bees are better pollinators: the importance of mouthpart dimensions in effective pollen removal and deposition
Authors: Barrios Beyte , Pena Sean R. , Salas Andrea , Koptur Suzanne
Published: January 2016

Pollination studies often use visitation frequency of potential pollinators as an indicator of their importance, but this is only one component and may not reflect actual pollen transfer rates. In this study, we determine the most effective pollinator group of Angadenia berteroi , a tropical perennial subshrub with large yellow flowers that set few fruits. We determined visitation frequency and pollen transfer effectiveness of the four most common groups of visitors (long- and short-tongued bees, and skipper and non-skipper butterflies). Using potted plants, we exposed flowers to single visits from different types of pollinators to measure fruit set. We demonstrate that A. berteroi is most effectively pollinated by long-tongued bees, though many other species visit the flowers; the most frequent visitor group is not the most important pollinator, because they neither carry nor deposit much pollen, as the width of their proboscis is small compared with long-tongued bees. In this system, the width of the proboscis of the pollinators correlates with pollen transfer efficiency. Our results demonstrate the importance of pollen removal, pollen deposition, and fruit set, in determining the most effective pollinators, rather than visitor frequency. The distinctive morphology of these flowers, with a large bell and a narrow, short tube, suggests that other flowers of this shape may similarly benefit more from visitors with mouthparts shorter than previously considered optimal.
Climate change and non-stationary population processes in fisheries management
Authors: Szuwalski Cody S. , Hollowed Anne B.
Published: January 2016

The potential influence of climate change on the future distribution and abundance of fish (and therefore commercial fisheries and food security) is increasingly recognized in the fishery management community. A changing climate will likely have differing effects on different species; some will flourish, some will flounder. Management targets for fishing mortality and spawning biomass are often calculated by assuming stationary population processes, but under climate change, this assumption may be violated. Non-stationary population processes can introduce bias into estimates of biomass from stock assessments and calculations of target fishing mortalities and biomasses. However, few accepted frameworks exist for incorporating the changing influence of the environment on exploited populations into management strategies. Identifying changes in population processes due to environmental influences is important in order to enable climate-enhanced management strategy evaluations to elucidate the potential benefits and costs of changing management targets. Cost/benefit analyses will also be useful when coincidentally caught species respond differently to environmental change.
Interactive tools for inpatient medication tracking: a multi-phase study with cardiothoracic surgery patients
Authors: Wilcox Lauren , Woollen Janet , Prey Jennifer , Restaino Susan , Bakken Suzanne , Feiner Steven , Sackeim Alexander , Vawdrey David K
Published: January 2016

Objective Prior studies of computing applications that support patients’ medication knowledge and self-management offer valuable insights into effective application design, but do not address inpatient settings. This study is the first to explore the design and usefulness of patient-facing tools supporting inpatient medication management and tracking.

Materials and Methods We designed myNYP Inpatient, a custom personal health record application, through an iterative, user-centered approach. Medication-tracking tools in myNYP Inpatient include interactive views of home and hospital medication data and features for commenting on these data. In a two-phase pilot study, patients used the tools during cardiothoracic postoperative care at Columbia University Medical Center. In Phase One, we provided 20 patients with the application for 24–48 h and conducted a closing interview after this period. In Phase Two, we conducted semi-structured interviews with 12 patients and 5 clinical pharmacists who evaluated refinements to the tools based on the feedback received during Phase One.

Results Patients reported that the medication-tracking tools were useful. During Phase One, 14 of the 20 participants used the tools actively, to review medication lists and log comments and questions about their medications. Patients’ interview responses and audit logs revealed that they made frequent use of the hospital medications feature and found electronic reporting of questions and comments useful. We also uncovered important considerations for subsequent design of such tools. In Phase Two, the patients and pharmacists participating in the study confirmed the usability and usefulness of the refined tools.

Conclusions Inpatient medication-tracking tools, when designed to meet patients’ needs, can play an important role in fostering patient participation in their own care and patient-provider communication during a hospital stay.
Search for gas bulk motions in eight nearby clusters of galaxies with Suzaku
Authors: Ota Naomi , Yoshida Hiroko
Published: January 2016

To search for bulk motions of the intracluster medium, we analyzed X-ray spectra taken with the Suzaku satellite, and measured the Doppler shift of the Fe-K line emission from eight nearby clusters of galaxies with various X-ray morphologies. In the cores of the Centaurus and Perseus clusters, the gas bulk velocity does not exceed the sound velocity, which confirms the results of previous researchs. For the Cen 45 subcluster, we found that the radial velocity relative to the Centaurus core, <780 km s−1, is significantly smaller than that reported in the optical band at the 3.9 σ level, which suggests an offset between the gas and galaxy distributions along the line of sight due to the subcluster merger. In A 2199, A 2142, A 3667, and A 133, no significant bulk motion was detected, indicating an upper limit on the radial velocity of 3000–4000 km s−1. A sign of large bulk velocity in excess of the instrumental calibration uncertainty was found near the center of the cool-core cluster A 2029 and in a subcluster of the merging cluster A 2255, suggesting that the nonthermal pressure support is not negligible in estimating the total gravitational mass of not only merging clusters, but also relaxed clusters, as predicted by numerical simulations. To improve the significance of the detection, however, a further examination by follow-up observations is required. The present study provides a pilot survey prior to future high-resolution spectroscopy with ASTRO-H, which is expected to play a critical role in revealing the dynamical evolutions of clusters.
Protein Kinase C γ Interneurons Mediate C-fiber–induced Orofacial Secondary Static Mechanical Allodynia, but Not C-fiber–induced Nociceptive Behavior
Authors: Peirs Cedric , Bourgois Nathalie , Artola Alain , Dallel Radhouane
Published: January 2016

AbstractAbstract

Static mechanical allodynia was associated with the activation of interneurons in laminae I-II and II-III. Among them were many protein kinase C (PKC) γ–expressing cells of inner lamina II (IIi). γ-Aminobutyric acid receptor type A (GABAA) antagonism or reactive oxidative species (ROS) generation are sufficient to induce static mechanical allodynia. GABAA agonism, PKCγ inhibition, and ROS scavengers prevented static mechanical allodynia. The data are consistent with the premise that sensitization of PKCγ interneurons in lamina IIi is required for static mechanical allodynia and that this sensitization is driven by ROS and GABAAergic disinhibition.

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text.

Background

Tissue injury enhances pain sensitivity both at the site of tissue damage and in surrounding uninjured skin (secondary hyperalgesia). Secondary hyperalgesia encompasses several pain symptoms including pain to innocuous punctate stimuli or static mechanical allodynia. How injury-induced barrage from C-fiber nociceptors produces secondary static mechanical allodynia has not been elucidated.

Methods

Combining behavioral, immunohistochemical, and Western blot analysis, the authors investigated the cell and molecular mechanisms underlying the secondary static mechanical allodynia in the rat medullary dorsal horn (MDH) using the capsaicin model (n = 4 to 5 per group).

Results

Intradermal injection of capsaicin (25 μg) into the vibrissa pad produces a spontaneous pain and a secondary static mechanical allodynia. This allodynia is associated with the activation of a neuronal network encompassing lamina I–outer lamina III, including interneurons expressing the γ isoform of protein kinase C (PKCγ) within inner lamina II (IIi) of MDH. PKCγ is concomitantly phosphorylated (+351.4 ± 79.2%, mean ± SD; P = 0.0003). Mechanical allodynia and innocuous punctate stimulus–evoked laminae I to III neuronal activation can be replicated after intracisternally applied γ-aminobutyric acid receptor type A (GABAA) antagonist (bicuculline: 0.05 μg) or reactive oxygen species (ROS) donor (tert-butyl hydroperoxide: 50 to 250 ng). Conversely, intracisternal PKCγ antagonist, GABAA receptor agonist, or ROS scavenger prevent capsaicin-induced static mechanical allodynia and neuronal activation.

Conclusions

Sensitization of lamina IIi PKCγ interneurons is required for the manifestation of secondary static mechanical allodynia but not for spontaneous pain. Such sensitization is driven by ROS and GABAAergic disinhibition. ROS released during intense C-fiber nociceptor activation might produce a GABAAergic disinhibition of PKCγ interneurons. Innocuous punctate inputs carried by Aδ low-threshold mechanoreceptors onto PKCγ interneurons can then gain access to the pain transmission circuitry of superficial MDH, producing pain.
SOLITARY CIRCUMSCRIBED “PEARL WHITE” RETINAL MASS (SO-CALLED RETINAL ASTROCYTIC PROLIFERATION) RESIDES IN DEEP RETINA OR BENEATH RETINA: FINDINGS ON MULTIMODAL IMAGING IN 4 CASES
Authors: Shields Carol L. , Roe Richard , Yannuzzi Lawrence A. , Shields Jerry A.
Published: January 2016

Purpose:

To report novel observations of previously described solitary circumscribed retinal astrocytic proliferation using spectral domain optical coherence tomography that suggests this tumor does not arise in the nerve fiber layer as initially believed, but arises within deep retinal or retinal pigment epithelial structures.

Methods:

Retrospective review of four cases.

Results:

Patient age ranged from 46 to 75 years. The tumor was pearl white or yellow-white (n = 4, 100%), located in the macula (n = 1, 25%) or macula to equator (n = 3, 75%) regions, and with mean tumor base of 1.2 mm and thickness of 0.8 mm. There were no feeding vessels, intrinsic vessels, subretinal fluid, or vitreoretinal traction. Mild surrounding retinal pigment epithelial hyperplasia and atrophy rimmed each tumor (n = 4, 100%). Fluorescein angiography depicted the mass with early hypofluorescence (n = 3/3, 100%) and late hypofluorescence (n = 2/3, 67%). Spectral domain optical coherence tomography demonstrated the mass with an abruptly elevated “snowball” configuration (n = 4, 100%), with smooth or slightly irregular surface (n = 4, 100%), and originating from deep retina or retinal pigment epithelial (n = 4, 100%), with overlying compression and draping of retinal tissue (n = 4, 100%).

Conclusion:

This previously described small yellow-white retinal tumor appears to arise in the outer retinal layers and not from the inner retinal layers as formerly believed. This tumor may not be astrocytic as initially believed since it arises deep within the retina, but it could represent a deep glial or pigment epithelial fibrous mass. The pathogenesis and pathology of this rare lesion remain unknown.
Severe Thrombocytopenia in the Third Trimester of Pregnancy Subsequent to Seasonal Non-H1N1 Influenza A Virus Infection
Authors: Curtis Samantha , Carlan Stephen , Busowski John , Busowski Mary , Musa Faisal
Published: January 2016

Background

Viral infections can induce hematological disorders including immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). Influenza-induced ITP is infrequent and has never been reported in a third-trimester pregnant woman.

Case

A previously healthy pregnant woman in the third trimester presented with non-H1N1 Influenza A and a platelet count of 0. She was diagnosed with ITP and treated with intravenous immunoglobulin and oseltamivir. Her platelet count returned to normal by day 8, and she delivered vaginally a normal infant who had no evidence of thrombocytopenia or Influenza.

Conclusions

Influenza A can induce secondary ITP in pregnancy, and the standard treatment for both ITP and Influenza A is effective.
Compound Motor Action Potential: Electrophysiological Marker for Muscle Training
Authors: Molin Carl Johan , Punga Anna R.
Published: January 2016

Purpose:

The compound motor action potential (CMAP) represents the summated action potentials of all stimulated motor endplates and potentially reflects muscle hypertrophy and increased muscle contractions. Since electrophysiological biomarkers for high-resistance strength training are lacking, the authors evaluated whether the CMAP of distal and proximal muscles differs between healthy men and women who perform and do not perform high-resistance muscle training.

Methods:

Motor neurography was performed with stimulation of the median nerve (recording of abductor pollicis brevis muscle), peroneal nerve (recording of extensor digitorum brevis muscle), femoral nerve (recording of rectus femoris muscle) and musculocutaneous nerve (recording of biceps brachii muscle), and isometric muscle strength, measured with a hand-held dynamometer, were performed on 83 healthy subjects (52 women).

Results:

Trained women had 25% higher CMAP amplitude in the rectus femoris muscle than untrained women (P < 0.001), whereas CMAP amplitude in the trained male cohort was 25% higher in the biceps (P = 0.005) compared with untrained men. In the trained group, CMAP amplitude in the biceps correlated with isometric muscle strength (R = 0.30; P = 0.046).

Conclusions:

The authors' propose the CMAP as an objective neurophysiological parameter for proximal muscle status and training effects in future interventional studies of patients with neuromuscular disorders.
Urinary infection due to Balantioides coli: a rare accidental zoonotic disease in an addicted and diabetic young female in Iran
Authors: Soleimanpour Saman , Babaei Ali , Roudi Abdolghayyoum Movahhedi , Raeisalsadati Seyedeh Sara
Published: January 2016

Background:

Balantiosis, a rare zoonotic infection resulting in dysentery, is caused by the large ciliated protozoan parasite Balantioides coli. Humans acquire this organism via the faecal–oral route. Very rarely, extraintestinal infections can occur in the urinary tract system. There are very few case reports of urinary balantiosis in humans.

Case presentation:

Here, an interesting case of urinary balantiosis in a 35-year-old addicted woman with multiple health problems including spontaneous abortion and diabetes is reported. Her midstream urine sample, collected while all sterile precautions were being taken, demonstrated B. coli along with Trichomonas vaginalis and bacteria. B. coli was identified by its characteristic morphology and rapid rotary motility in the urinary tract, which is an abnormal site for invasion by this parasite.

Conclusion:

To the best of our knowledge, this is only the eighth case described in literature in which B. coli was detected in urine sediment; it is reported for its rarity and for future reference.
Crystal structure of 5-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-(4-methylphenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole-1-carbaldehyde
Authors: Adam Farook , Samshuddin Seranthimata , Shruthi  , Narayana Badiadka , Ameram Nadiah
Published: January 2016

In the title compound, C18H18N2O2, the pyrazole ring has a twisted conformation on the CH—CH2bond. The tolyl ring and the 4-methoxyphenyl ring are inclined to the mean plane of the pyrazole ring by 4.40 (9) and 86.22 (9)°, respectively, while the two aromatic rings are inclined to one another by 88.75 (9)°. In the crystal, molecules are linkedviabifurcated C—H...(O,O) hydrogen bonds and C—H...π interactions, forming sheets lying parallel to theabplane.
Crystal structure of (E)-4,4,4-trifluoro-3-phenylbut-2-enoic acid
Authors: Barkov Alexey
Published: January 2016

In the title compound, C10H7F3O2, the dihedral angle between the benzene ring and the ethylene plane is 76.34 (11)°. In the crystal, O—H...O hydrogen bonds link the molecules intoC(4) chains propagating in [010].
Crystal structure of methyl (2Z)-2-{[N-(2-formylphenyl)-4-methylbenzenesulfonamido]methyl}-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate
Authors: Trigunait Ankur , Damodharan Kannan , Manickam Bakthadoss , Krishnasamy Gunasekaran
Published: January 2016

In the title compound, C26H25NO6S, the S atom shows a distorted tetrahedral geometry, with O—S—O [119.46 (9)°] and N—S—C [107.16 (7)°] angles deviating from ideal tetrahedral values, a fact attributed to the Thorpe–Ingold effect. The sulfonyl-bound phenyl ring forms dihedral angles of 41.1 (1) and 83.3 (1)°, respectively, with the formylphenyl and phenyl rings. The dihedral angle between formylphenyl and phenyl rings is 47.6 (1)°. The crystal packing features C—H...O hydrogen-bond interactions.