bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Anemia of inflammation: features, the necessity for and possibility of correction (literature review)
Authors: Orlov Yuriy P. , Govorova N. V. , Nochnaja Yu. A. , Rudnov V. A.
Published: April 2019

The purpose for writing this review. Analysis of publications in search engines about physiological and pathological iron metabolism, pathogenesis of anemia of inflammation that develops in patients in the ICU, to determine possible indications and contraindications for therapeutic intervention.
Methods. Analyzed articles in the medical literature databases, Pubmed, Medline, and EMBASE. The search strategy used for keyword: “anemia of inflammation”, “iron and infection, anaemia and sepsis”, “free hemoglobin, iron Exchange” in the period from 1990 up to 2018, inclusive and affordable domestic work (e-library) literature. The materials used by the worldʼs leading organizations World Health Organization, the Cochrane Reviews, WSACS, ARDS ARTS CENTRE Clinical Trials Network, European Society of Intensive Care Medicine, European Society of Anesthesiologists, Society of Critical Care Medicine.
Conclusion. Anemia as a symptom, in critical condition in the first place, requires a definition of its role in the genesis of hypoxia. This should be supported by not only hemoglobin levels, as a carrier of oxygen and hypoxia specific criteria: analysis of blood gases, assess the height of tooth ST according to ECG and, of course, blood lactate level (more than 2 mmol/l). Anemia when sepsis is caused by intravascular hemolysis and gipoferremija is a consequence of natural compensatory protection from possible manifestations of infection. The introduction of such patients with iron or blood donations entail access to iron bacteria. In the context of sepsis and continuing to use the hemolysis chelators, if revealed high levels of ferritin, low concentration of gaptoglobina and transferrin. Decision on blood transfusion or iron supplementation should be individualized, taking into account the specific factors of the patient, and any potential benefits of therapy drugs iron should.
Evaluation of brain bioelectrical activity during xenon-oxygen mixture inhalation
Authors: Potievskaya Vera I. , Shvetskiy F. M. , Potievskiy M. B.
Published: April 2019

Xenon is an inert gas used like inhalational anesthetic during different surgeries, including high-risk operations and for pain treatment caused by different factors. If concentration of the gas is less than 50 %, or the duration of the procedure is very short, no consciousness depression occurs. 20 healthy persons from 22 to 30 years old were undergone xenon/oxygen inhalation with concentration 70/30 % respectively for 3 minutes. Electroencephalography (EEG) was recorded before, during and 30 minutes later the procedure. For the data processing spectral analysis was used. Statistical analysis was performed by Wilcoxon and Page tests. As a result, significant increase in slow wave activity and reduction in alpha-rhythm activity were observed during and after the procedure as well as repartition of activity zones in brain similar to physiological sleep. This fact may be used in conduction of treatment and diagnostics procedures.
TATA KELOLA TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI (IT GOVERNANCE)
Authors: Kaban Ita Ernala
Published: April 2019

Technology advances offer many advantages for information and data storage, delivery, access and processing. Technology advances have also placed information as one of the most prominent resources requiring good and proper management. Information technology management in enterprise, although has been implemented, yet has not been managed using structured approach, thus, it is difficult to measure the roles of Information Technology in supporting business process for achieving enterprise objectives. In that way, the aim of this research is to analyze standard model for IT Governance. From the study, it can be concluded that COBIT has a better compromise in its horizontal and vertical dimension compared to the other standards. COBIT has a wider and more detailed IT process spectrum.Keywords: IT Governance, enterprise, business process
PERANCANGAN E-SCM PADA PT SUPERPOLY INDUSTRY
Authors: Rudy Rudy , Jackson Jackson , Desi Christina , Hadi T Ishak Eko
Published: April 2019

Manufacturing companies always strives to improve performance, namely in production of goods in time, management of material supply to prevent out of stock by exchanging information with suppliers, and on time delivery of goods to distributors to meet customer satisfaction on manufactured products. The purpose of this study is to analyse the supply chain management and to design the electronic supply chain management (e-SCM) on Superpoly Industry Company so it able to give accurate and reliable information also support the better supply chain acitivity for the company. The used research methods are preliminary steps (energize the organization, enterprise vision, supply chain value assessment, opportunity identification, and strategy decision) for the analysis and for the design consist of supply chain management strategic, customer and service management, manufacturing and supply chain planning, supplier relationship management, logistics resource management, and architecting. The conclusion is the e-SCM application will make it easier for the distributor to order merchandise from the company because information channel is open, which is website and information flow between supplier, company, and distribution is getting better.Keywords: supply chain management, electronic supply chain management, company
The Role of Oil Palm and Rubber Industry toward Regional Economic in West Kalimantan-Indonesia
Authors: Arman Arman , Saefuddin Asep , Pradina Fathia Anggriani
Published: April 2019

The study aimed to assess the role of palm oil and rubber toward the economy in West Kalimantan. Another aim was to develop oil palm and rubber industry to strengthen the economy of West Kalimantan. The method used in this research was the analysis of Input-Output. The main data was the Input-Output (IO) data in 2011 from the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS), which consists of 54 sectors. The results show that the industrial output of palm oil and rubber, as well as oil palm and rubber, is still low. Weak innovation and technology lead to the low output and role of these two sectors to the economy of West Kalimantan. Another obstacle that leads to the economy of rubber and palm oil industries under the standard is the lack of motivation research, infrastructure, and connectivity.
Medical Economics: Legalize Organ Markets
Authors: Callais Justin , Block Walter E.
Published: April 2019

The article argued to the contrary that at least insofar as organ transplants were concerned, this general assumption lied 180 degrees away from the truth. The first reaction of most concerned people, at the prospect of buying and selling human body parts, was one of revulsion. And, yet, this was the tried and true means that used for supplying more pedestrian goods and services. The article was the economic principles responsible for adequately making available to us such as items such as apples, shoes, and gardening services were the best ones in this case as well. The method was to argue that the institutions responsible for most goods and services in the economy that the last best hope for solving the problems that faced transplants of human body parts. The researchers consulted google scholar and mises.org and generated in this manner and cited almost a dozen publications which discussed the relevant subject matter and commented on several of them. It finds that Pro-organ sellers have a long way to go, but with determination and logic, one day the world will find a place for organs in the free-markets. And, then, many lives will be saved.
O ESTADO DA ARTE DA PRODUÇÃO CIENTÍFICA SOBRE A LINGUAGEM XBRL (EXTENSIBLE BUSINESS REPORTING LANGUAGE)
Authors: Flach Leonardo , Mattos Luísa Karam de
Published: April 2019

Esta pesquisa tem por objetivo analisar a produção científica internacional sobre a linguagem XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language). Trata-se de um tema recente, que foi desenvolvido como uma linguagem que ajuda a facilitar a harmonização internacional das práticas contábeis. O estudo é atual e oportuno para o Brasil, tendo em vista a manifestação de interesse do Conselho Federal de Contabilidade em adotar o padrão nas empresas brasileiras. Para atingir este objetivo, aplicou-se como método uma coleta, com análise qualitativa e quantitativa do total de artigos internacionais publicados sobre o tema até os dias de hoje. Foram analisados 288 artigos internacionais, obtidos da base de dados Web of Science. Observou-se o crescente interesse pelo assunto nos últimos anos. Os estudos internacionais analisados demonstram os benefícios da adoção da XBRL em diversos países, apresentam as melhorias ocorridas na padronização dos dados, na confiabilidade das informações e redução da assimetria informacional.
Water sustainable house: water auditing of 3 case studies in Perth, Western Australia
Authors: Byrne J. J. , Anda M. , Ho G. E.
Published: April 2019

Householders in cities face water-related issues due to the increasing cost and restrictions in water use, especially during drought. They respond in many different ways, ranging from installing water efficient appliances, adopting water-saving behavior and implementing greywater reuse, to being water self reliant (off-mains supply). The latter approach should consider using only rainwater falling on the property boundaries, and if self-supply is from groundwater it should be derived from rainwater falling on the property. Therefore, sustainability depends on the annual rainfall, size of property and availability of storage for water to be used during periods without rainfall. In principle any house can be retrofitted to rely solely on rainwater, because technologies exist to treat subsequent wastewater to any quality desired for reuse. However, the energy requirement and investment needed may negate overall sustainability. Very few studies have assessed water use in households to determine whether relying solely on rainwater is practical or sustainable in the long-term. Three case studies in Perth, Western Australia are reported here, where water auditing has been used for sustainability assessment.
Identification of stability in following the game rule in the context of role-playing game of senior preschoolers
Authors: Khaidarova Diana Ruslanovna
Published: April 2019

In this article, following the rules of the game is an important indicator of the development of game activities of preschool children, as the plot and role – playing games have the potential for the formation and development of gaming skills. As the study of this article shows, the stability of children in subordination to the game rule during the role-playing game is constantly increasing and between the role and the rule, which dictates a certain role, there are always naturally changing relationships. The article also presents recommendations for teachers of preschool institutions on direct and indirect management of role-playing game.
Invasive-noninvasive Sequential Ventilation for the Treatment of Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Huang Jian-Da , Gu Tong-Jie , Hu Zhi-Lin , Zhou Dan-Fei , Ying Jun
Published: April 2019

Background:

The study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of invasivenoninvasive
sequential ventilation versus invasive ventilation in the treatment of Acute
Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (AECOPD).

Method:

PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, Wanfang, CNKI, VIP database were searched by the index
words to identify the qualified RCTs, and relevant literature sources were also searched. The latest
research was conducted in June 2017. Relative Risks (RR), and Mean Difference (MD) along with
95% confidence interval (95% CI) were used to analyze the main outcomes.

Result:

Twenty-nine RCTs were involved in this analysis of 1061 patients in the invasivenoninvasive
sequential ventilation group (In-non group) and 1074 patients in the invasive
ventilation group (In group). The results indicated that compared with the invasive ventilation,
invasive-noninvasive sequential ventilation would significantly decrease the incidence of VAP
(RR:0.20, 95%CI: 0.16-0.26), mortality (RR:0.38, 95%CI: 0.26-0.55), reintubation (RR:0.39,
95%CI: 0.27-0.55); and statistically reduced the duration of invasive ventilation (MD:-9.23,
95%CI: -10.65, -7.82), the total duration of mechanical ventilation (MD:-4.91, 95%CI: -5.99,
-3.83), and the length of stay in the ICU (MD:-5.10, 95%CI: -5.43, -4.76).

Conclusion:

The results demonstrated that the application of noninvasive sequential ventilation
after invasive ventilation at the pulmonary infection control window has a significant influence on
VAP incidence, mortality, and the length of stay in the ICU, but further well-designed, adequately
powered RCTs are required to validate the conclusion.
Immunopathogenesis of Behçet Disease
Authors: Nieto Israel Gañán , Alabau José Luis Castañer
Published: April 2019

Background:

Behçet’s Disease (BD, OMIM 109650) is a chronic relapsing inflammatory disease of unknown etiology with unpredictable exacerbations and remissions. First described in 1937 by the Turkish dermatologist HulusiBehçet, as a trisympton complex (oral and genital ulcers and uveitis), it is now recognized as a multisystemic disease. The syndrome can manifest in diverse ways and can involve nearly every organ system. Several studies have implicated T cells and monocytes in the pathogenesis of BD especially when these cells are stimulated by heat shock proteins and streptococcal antigen. This article presents a review of the relevant published literature about the immunopathogenesis of BD.

Result:

The authors used MeSH terms “Behçet’s disease” with “pathophysiology,” “pathogenesis,” “genetic”, “epigenetic”, “immunogenetic” or “immune response” to search the PubMed database. All the relevant studies identified were included.
Hypertension in Obesity: Novel Insights
Authors: Natsis Michail , Antza Christina , Doundoulakis Ioannis , Stabouli Stella , Kotsis Vasilios
Published: April 2019

Backround:

The relationship between obesity and hypertension has been established in
both adults and children. The combination of obesity, hypertension and other cardiovascular risk
factors significantly increases the likelihood of adverse cardiovascular effects and raises concerns
about aggressive treatment strategies.

Objective:

Despite the impressive elements which indicate an important role for excessive weight
gain in increasing blood pressure, not all obese patients are hypertensive. A subgroup of obese people
may not develop hypertension. Furthermore, masked hypertension occurs more common among
obese patients, and body fat distribution has a major role in the development of hypertension.

Methods:

We conducted a research of the relevant literature regarding obesity-induced hypertension
and possible treatment strategies.

Results:

Successful weight loss is correlated with blood pressure reduction and requires a multidisciplinary
approach that includes personalized dietary interventions combined with regular exercise
and cognitive behavioral therapy.

Conclusion:

Pharmacological therapy may be considered as part of a comprehensive obesity management
strategy. More research and new treatment therapies are required in this field.
Secondary Hypertension in Children and Adolescents: Novel Insights
Authors: Chrysaidou Katerina , Chainoglou Athanasia , Karava Vasiliki , Dotis John , Printza Nikoleta , Stabouli Stella
Published: April 2019

Hypertension is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, not
only in adults, but in youths also, as it is associated with long-term negative health effects. The
predominant type of hypertension in children is the secondary hypertension, with the chronic kidney
disease being the most common cause, however, nowadays, there is a rising incidence of primary
hypertension due to the rising incidence of obesity in children. Although office blood pressure
has guided patient management for many years, ambulatory blood pressure monitoring provides
useful information, facilitates the diagnosis and management of hypertension in children and adolescents,
by monitoring treatment and evaluation for secondary causes or specific phenotypes of
hypertension. In the field of secondary hypertension, there are numerous studies, which have reported
a strong association between different determinants of 24-hour blood pressure profile and the
underlying cause. In addition, in children with secondary hypertension, ambulatory blood pressure
monitoring parameters offer the unique advantage to identify pediatric low- and high-risk children
for target organ damage. Novel insights in the pathogenesis of hypertension, including the role of
perinatal factors or new cardiovascular biomarkers, such as fibroblast growth factor 23, need to be
further evaluated in the near future.
Comparative Study of Different Derivative Spectrophotometric Techniques for the Analysis and Separation of Metformin, Empagliflozin, and Glimepiride
Authors: Amin Khanda F.M. , Fakhre Nabil A. , Abdullah Ahmed M.
Published: April 2019

Background:

In some cases, lifestyle changes are not enough to keep type 2 diabetes under
control, so there are several medications that may help. Metformin can lower your blood sugar levels,
Glimepiride makes more insulin, whereas Empagliflozin prevents the kidneys from reabsorbing sugar
into the blood and sending it out in the urine.

Methods:

Mean centering, double divisor, ratio spectra-zero crossing, and successive derivative were
applied for the estimation of metformin, empagliflozin, and glimepiride respectively, in their prepared
laboratory mixtures and in pharmaceutical tablets, without prior chemical separation. The absorption
spectra of the mentioned drugs were recorded in the range of 200-400nm.

Results:

These methods were linear over concentration ranges of 1.0-10, 2.5-30, and 1.0-10 μgmL-1 of
metformin, empagliflozin, and glimepiride respectively. Mean centering for metformin was measured at
234 and 248 nm, while empagliflozin and glimepiride had amplitude values at 276 and 262 nm, respectively.
The derivative of double divisor was measured at 234, 278, and 288 nm for metformin, empagliflozin
and glimepiride, respectively. The ratio of spectra-zero crossing was quantified at amplitude values
of the analytical signal at 234 and 274 nm for metformin and empagliflozin, respectively, whereas
glimepiride was determined at 242 and 286 nm. The successive ratio of metformin, empagliflozin, and
glimepiride was determined at 284, 242, and 266 nm, respectively.

Conclusion:

The methods are validated according to the ICH guidelines where accuracy, precision and
repeatability are found to be within the acceptable limit. The methods were studied and optimized. Upon
validation linearity, precision, accuracy, LOD, LOQ and selectivity were proved to be operative for
the analysis of specified drugs in pharmaceutical dosage configuration. Statistical illustration was done
between the suggested methods with the reported methods with consideration to accuracy and precision.
No significant difference was found by student’s t-test, F-test and one-way ANOVA.
Development and Validation of an Automated Gas Chromatography Method for Determination of Dichloromethane in Ampicillin Sodium by Using Capillary Column Technology
Authors: Trivedi Manisha , John Elsy Raynil , Ali Faraat , Prakash Anuj , Kumar Robin , Singh Gyanendra Nath
Published: April 2019

Background:

The main aim of the study was to develop an automated static headspace gas
chromatography (SHS-GC) method for determination of dichloromethane (DCM) in ampicillin sodium
by using a capillary column.

Methods:

SHS-GC also known as gas chromatography-headspace is the technique of choice due to its
high sensitivity, excellent separation abilities, low limit of detection and simplicity of the instrumentation
used for the technique. The headspace sampling method has more appropriate sensitivity than the
direct injection method because it can clearly separate volatile analytes from the sample matrix and
effectively concentrate them. Therefore, this method results in less complex sample preparation, decreased
instrument contamination, and increased capillary column life.

Results:

The developed SHS-GC method showed symmetrical peak shape reasonable retention time for
DCM. A linear relationship was obtained over the range of 2-240 μg mL-1 with a correlation coefficient
(r2) of 0.993. The recovery, system precision and robustness of the method were within the acceptable
values. The Limit of Detection (LOD) and Limit of Quantitation (LOQ) were 0.5 μg mL-1 and 2 μg mL-1
respectively.

Conclusions:

The results obtained in this study demonstrate that SHS-GC method is selective, precise,
linear, accurate and robust for determination of dichloromethane in ampicillin sodium and its formulation
(injection).
MoABank: An Integrated Database for Drug Mode of Action Knowledge
Authors: Liao Yu-di , Jiang Zhen-ran
Published: April 2019

Background:

With the declining trend of new drugs yield each year, more
comprehensive knowledge of drug MoAs can help identify new applications of available drugs and
discovery novel mechanism of drug action.

Objective:

Therefore, construction of a specialized drug mode of action (MoA) database is of
paramount importance for new drug research & development.

Methods:

This paper introduces an integrated database for drug mode of action knowledge
(MoABank).

Results:

This database can provide the knowledge about drug MoAs, targets, pathways, side
effects and other drug-related information for researchers.

Conclusion:

We believe MoABank can make it more convenient for users to obtain the drug MoA
information in the future.
Role of Natural Product in Modulation of Drug Transporters and New Delhi Metallo-β Lactamases
Authors: Chandar Brinda , Bhattacharya Debdutta
Published: April 2019

A rapid growth in drug resistance has brought options for treating antimicrobial resistance to a halt. Bacteria have evolved to accumulate a multitude of genes that encode resistance for a single drug within a single cell. Alternations of drug transporters are one of the causes for the development of resistance in drug interactions. Conversely, the production of enzymes also inactivates most antibiotics. The discovery of newer classes of antibiotics and drugs from natural products is urgently needed. Alternative medicines play an integral role in countries across the globe but many require validation for treatment strategies. It is essential to explore this chemical diversity in order to find novel drugs with specific activities which can be used as alternative drug targets. This review describes the interaction of drugs with resistant pathogens with a special focus on natural product-derived efflux pump and carbapenemase inhibitors.
Lepidine B & E as New Target Inhibitors from Lepidium Sativum Seeds Against Four Enzymes of the Pathogen Candida albicans: In Vitro and In Silico Studies
Authors: Gacemi Safia , Benarous Khedidja , Imperial Santiago , Yousfi Mohamed
Published: April 2019

Background and Objective:

The present paper aims to study the inhibition of Candida
albicans growth as candidiasis treatment, using seeds of Lepidium sativum as source.

Methods:

In vitro assays were carried out on the antifungal activity of three kinds of extracts from
L. sativum seeds against four strains of C. albicans, then testing the same phytochemicals on the
inhibition of Lipase (LCR). A new in silico study was achieved using molecular docking, with
Autodock vina program, to find binding affinity of two important and major lepidine alkaloids
(lepidine E and B) towards the four enzymes secreted by C. albicans as target drugs, responsible
of vitality and virulence of this yeast cells: Lipase, Serine/threonine phosphatase, Phosphomannose
isomerase and Sterol 14-alpha demethylase (CYP51).

Results:

The results of the microdillution assay show that the hexanic and alkaloidal extracts have an
antifungal activity with MICs: 2.25 mg/ml and 4.5mg/ml, respectively. However, Candida rugosa
lipase assay gives a remarkable IC50 values for the hexanic extract (1.42± 0.04 mg/ml) followed by 1.7±
0.1 and 2.29 ± 0.09 mg/ml of ethyl acetate and alkaloidal extracts respectively. The molecular docking
confirms a significant correlation between C. albicans growth and inhibition of crucial enzymes involved
in the invasion mechanism and cellular metabolisms, for the first time there were an interesting and new
positive results on binding modes of lepidine E and B on the four studied enzymes.

Conclusion:

Through this work, we propose Lepidine B & E as potent antifungal drugs.
A Novel Adaptive GA-based B-spline Curve Interpolation Method
Authors: Shao Maozhen , Hu Liangchen , Shou Huahao , Shen Jie
Published: April 2019

Background:

Curve interpolation is very important in engineering such as computer
aided design, image analysis and NC machining. Many patents on curve interpolation have been
invented.

Objective:

Since different knot vector configuration and data point parameterization can generate
different shapes of an interpolated B-spline curve, the goal of this paper is to propose a novel adaptive
genetic algorithm (GA) based interpolation method of B-spline curve.

Method:

Relying on geometric features owned by the data points and the idea of genetic algorithm
which liberalizes the knots of B-spline curve and the data point parameters, a new interpolation
method of B-spline curve is proposed. In addition, the constraint of a tangent vector is also
added to ensure that the obtained B-spline curve can approximately satisfy the tangential constraint
while ensuring strict interpolation.

Results:

Compared with the traditional method, this method realizes the adaptive knot vector selection
and data point parameterization. Therefore, the interpolation result was better than the traditional
method to some extent, and the obtained curve was more natural.

Conclusion:

The proposed method is effective for the curve reconstruction of any scanned data
point set under tangent constraints. Meanwhile, this paper put forward a kind of tangent calculation
method of discrete data points, where users can also set the tangent of each data point in order to
get more perfect interpolation results.
Application of Various Multiple Criteria Analysis Methods for the Evaluation of Rural Road Projects
Authors: Bhandari Sahadev Bahadur , Nalmpantis Dimitrios
Published: April 2019

Introduction:

Ex-ante evaluation of rural road projects is important for proper utilisation of scarce financial resources. In recent years, several multiple criteria analysis methods have been applied for the evaluation of transportation projects.

Methods:

Here we compare three multi-criteria methods (i.e. TOPSIS, MOORA, and PROMETHEE) in ranking rural roads. The criteria and weightage were identified with an expert questionnaire survey and the decision matrix was obtained from a field survey of four rural roads of Nepal. These data demonstrate the successful application of various multi-criteria analysis methods for the evaluation of rural road projects with sustainable indicators.

Results:

The results of multi-criteria methods depend upon the value of performance measures, weightage, normalization, and aggregation procedures.

Conclusion:

We also concluded that the multi-criteria methods used (i.e. TOPSIS, MOORA, and PROMETHEE), in which weightage is derived using robust methods (e.g. AHP) and precise measurement of criteria of rural roads, in general return similar rankings.
Preeclampsia: Materanl Risk Factors & Perinatal Outcomes
Authors: Ali Raid K. , Hussein Yusra A. , Alezzi Jalil
Published: April 2019

Background:  Pre-eclampsia (PE) is the commonest
hypertensive disorder in pregnancy. Adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes of
pre-eclampsia are representing the big burden on national health system.

Objectives: Is to identify
the maternal risk factors of pre-eclamsia among pregnant women as well as  to find out the maternal and perinatal
outcomes of this problem.

Methods: A prospective follow up study was conducted
in Obstetrics & Gynecology Department (OGD) of Al-Zahraa Maternity and
Pediatric Hospital (ZMPH) in Al-Muqdadia District in Diyala province
from the period 1st of February
2017 to 31st of January 2018. The study sample comprised 60 pregnant women with pre-eclampsia and 60 healthy pregnant women as controls. The
diagnosis of PE was established according to American College of Obstetricians
and Gynecologists (ACOG) diagnostic criteria of PE.

Results: Maternal risk factors related
significantly to pre-eclampsia in comparison to controls were increased woman's
age, obesity and primigravidity. There was a highly significant association
between high cesarean section rates and pre-eclamptic women. A significant
association was observed between neonates of pre-eclamptic women and low birth
weight  preterm birth , low Apgar score
at 1 minute . low Apgar score at 5 minutes and admission to neonatal intensive care
unit .  

 Conclusion: The main maternal risk factors for
pre-eclampsia are advanced reproductive age, obesity and primigravidity, while
the common adverse maternal outcome is the cesarean section. The common perinatal outcomes  of PE are low birth weight, prematurity, low
Apgar scores at 1 & 5 minutes and high NICU admission.
Analisis permasalahan pemerataan pendidikan di Kabupaten Sintang
Authors: Aristo Thomas Joni Verawanto
Published: April 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan pemerataan pendidikan di Kabupaten Sintang dalam pelaksanaan pemerataan pendidikan dasar. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis studi kasus. Subjek penelitian adalah Kepala Dinas Pendidikan Kabupaten Sintang, Kepala Dinas Pendidikan Cabang Kecamatan, dan Ketua PGRI (Informan Kunci),  dan Pengawas Sekolah, Kepala Sekolah, dan Guru (Informan Penunjang). Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan dokumentasi dan wawancara. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah model analisis Spradley untuk menganalisis permasalahan pemerataan pendidikan di Kabupaten Sintang. Penelitian ini menghasilkan beberapa temuan utama. Pertama, pelaksanaan pemerataan pendidikan di Kabupaten Sintang terkendala akibat keadaan geografis dan sarana prasarana yang kurang. Kedua, partisipasi pendidikan di Kabupaten Sintang belum terlaksana maksimal karena program wajib belajar hanya mencapai 7 tahun. Ketiga kualifikasi guru di Kabupaten Sintang masih banyak belum yang memenuhi standar. Keempat, anggaran pendidikan yang berupa dana BOS belum memadai untuk dikelola oleh sekolah di daerah. An analysis of equality matter in education in Sintang Regency AbstractThe purpose of this study was to determine the equality in education in Sintang Regency that covered the implementation of basic education. This was a qualitative study using case study approach. The subject was the Head of Education Department, the Head of Education Department district, and the Chairman of PGRI (Key Informant), and the School Superintendent, principal, and teachers (Supportive Informant). Data collection technique used documentation and interviews. Analysis of the data was an analysis of Spradley’s model to analyze equality matter in education in Sintang. This research results in four major findings. First, the implementation of equality in education was constrained because of geographical condition and lack of infrastructure. Second, the participation of education in Sintang was only reached 7 years. Third, many teacher’s qualifications is still not fulfilling the standard. Fourth, education budget that form of BOS fund is not adequate to manage by schools in rural area.
Upaya peningkatan kompetensi guru berdasarkan system thinking
Authors: Fadhillah Fadhillah , Rugaiyah Rugaiyah , Fuad Nurhattati , Julia Putry
Published: April 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan masalah mendasar yang menyebabkan uji kompetensi guru rendah beradasarkan berpikir sistem (system thinking) sehingga masalah mendasar tersebut dapat menjadi daya ungkit dalam penyelesaian masalah rendahnya kompetensi mutu dan kompetensi guru di Aceh. Pendekatan Kualitatif digunakan dalam penelitian ini, subjek penelitian terdiri dari guru Sekolah Dasar di Banda Aceh yang dipilih secara random, kepala sekolah dan dinas pendidikan kota. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara, dan studi dokumentasi serta kajian literatur Neraca Pendidikan Daerah (NPD) dari tahun 2015 –2017, di hubungkan dengan beberapa hasil penelitian dan pernyataan tokoh-tokoh pendidikan serta pemerintah terkait masalah Uji Kompetensi Guru. Analisis dimulai dari data reduction, data display, dan conclusion drawing/verification, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat tiga pilar dalam berpikir sistem sebagai daya ungkit dalam permasalahan rendahnya mutu dan kompetensi guru yaitu reinforcing berkaitan dengan peningkatan kapabilitas guru, balancing berkaitan dengan perubahan sistem proses rekruitmen guru, dan delaying berkaitan dengan politik dan politisasi pendidikan. Improving teacher competence based on system thinkingAbstractThis study aims to find a fundamental problem that causes low teacher competency test based on system thinking so that the fundamental problem can be a leverage in solving the problem of low-quality competency and teacher competency in Aceh. The Qualitative approach was used in this study, the research subjects consisted of randomly selected elementary school teachers in Banda Aceh, the head of the school and the city education office. Data were collected through interviews, and documentation studies as well as a literature review of the Regional Education Balance (NPD) from 2015-2017, linked to several research results and statements from education and government figures regarding the issue of Teacher Competency Test. The analysis starts from data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing/verification, the results of the study show that there are three pillars in system thinking as leverage in the problem of low quality and teacher competency, namely reinforcing with regard to increasing teacher capabilities, balancing in relation to changes in the recruitment system teacher, and delaying with regard to politics and the politicization of education.
Implementasi supervisi akademik untuk meningkatkan mutu guru
Authors: Lalupanda Erfy Melany
Published: April 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk meningkatkan mutu pembelajaran dan mutu  guru melalui implementasi supervisi akademik. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Penelitian Tindakan Sekolah (PTS) dengan pendekatan deskriptif kuantitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan wawancara, studi dokumen dan observasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa supervisi akademik pada siklus 1 dan siklus 2 menunjukkan terjadi peningkatan skor pada aspek perencanaan dan pelaksanaan pembelajaran. Meskipun masih berada pada kategori cukup, namun dari pra siklus sampai dengan siklus 2 terus mengalami peningkatan.  Hasil ini dapat dicapai karena adanya kerjasama yang baik antar Kepala Sekolah dan Guru yang disupervisi.  Kepala Sekolah berdiskusi dengan guru mengenai masalah yang dihadapi guru pada proses perencanaan dan pelaksanaan pembelajaran. Supervisi akademik yang dilakukan Kepala Sekolah merupakan usaha untuk memperbaiki pengajaran, termasuk menstimulasi, menyeleksi pertumbuhan jabatan dan perkembangan guru- guru serta merevisi tujuan-tujuan pembelajaran, bahan pengajaran, metode, evaluasi atau penilaian pengajaran. Supervisi akademik dapat membantu guru untuk mempelajari dan memahami tugas dan perannya sebagai seorang pendidik. Implementation of academic supervision for increasing the quality of teachers AbstractThe aim of this study is to improve the quality learning of teachers through the implementation of academic supervision. The research method used is School Action Research (PTS) with a quantitative descriptive approach. Data collection techniques with interviews, document studies, and observations. The results showed that academic supervision in cycle 1 and cycle 2 showed an increase in scores on aspects of planning and implementing learning. Although it is still in a sufficient category, from pre-cycle to cycle 2 it continues to increase. This result can be achieved because of the good cooperation between the Principal and the supervised Teacher. Principals discuss with teachers about the problems faced by teachers in the planning and implementation of learning processes. Academic supervision by the Principal is an effort to improve teaching, including stimulating, selecting the growth of positions and the development of teachers and revising learning objectives, teaching materials, methods, evaluation and evaluation of teaching. Academic supervision can help teachers to learn and understand the task and its role as an educator.
Hexagonal management kelas dalam pembelajaran di sekolah dasar
Authors: Dike Daniel , Parida Lusila
Published: April 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan memetakan suatu gambaran pemanfaatan kelas sebagai episentrum pembelajaran secara maksimal melalui penguatan manajemen kelas. Disain penelitian ini menggunakan case study research.  Penelitian ini mengkaji fenomena dan fakta pembelajaran di kelas melalui observasi partisipan, wawancara mendalam dan studi dokumentasi serta angket respon siswa terhadap aktivitas belajar mengajar yang dilakukan guru dan siswa di SD Panca Setya 2 Sintang, Kalimantan Barat. Data divalidasi dengan triangulasi sumber dan teknik kemudian dianalisis dan ditarik kesimpulan secara induktif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kelas dan pembelajaran belum sepenuhnya menjadi pusat atau episentrum pembelajaran yang kuat meskipun pada aspek perencanaan, pengorganisasian, implementasi dan evaluasi belajar yang dilakukan guru sudah cukup baik. Respon siswa menunjukkan bahwa pada keempat aspek tersebut belum berjalan secara ideal sesuai harapan siswa kerena kelas belum sepenuhnya dikelola secara maksimal. Solusi mengatasi persoalan ini bisa dilakukan dengan menerapkan manajemen hexagonal yang memiliki enam kekuatan sentral yakni karakteristik siswa, sikap guru, infrastruktur kelas, infrastruktur teknologi, dukungan sekolah, dukungan  yayasan atau dinas pendidikan. Bila pembelajaran di kelas mengintegrasikan peran sentral keenam aspek manajemen hexagonal maka kelas akan sungguh-sungguh menjadi pusat gravitasi pembelajaran efektif, produktif dan bermakna. Class hexagonal management in elementary school learning AbstractThis study aims to map a picture of class use as the epicenter of learning and strengthening classroom management. This research design uses a case study research. This study explores the phenomena and facts of learning in the classroom at Panca Setya 2 Elementary School, in Sintang of West Kalimantan. The data collecting by participant observation, in-depth interviews and documentation studies as well as student response questionnaires to teaching and learning activities carried out by teachers and students. Data is validated by source triangulation and techniques then analyzed and drawn inductively. The results of the research show that class and learning have not yet fully become the center or strong epicenter of learning even though the aspects of planning, organizing, implementing and evaluating the learning done by the teacher are good enough. Students' responses show that the four aspects have not run ideally according to student expectations because the class has not been fully managed maximally. The solution to overcome this problem can be done by implementing hexagonal learning management because it is believed to be able to turn on six key aspects of learning so that the class truly becomes the center of effective and optimal learning gravity.
A Web-Based and Print-Delivered Computer-Tailored Physical Activity Intervention for Older Adults: Pretest-Posttest Intervention Study Comparing Delivery Mode Preference and Attrition
Authors: Boekhout Janet Maria , Peels Denise Astrid , Berendsen Brenda Angela Juliette , Bolman Catherine , Lechner Lilian
Published: April 2019

Background

Web-based interventions can play an important role in promoting physical activity (PA) behavior among older adults. Although the effectiveness of these interventions is promising, they are often characterized by low reach and high attrition, which considerably hampers their potential impact on public health.

Objective

The aim of this study was to identify the participant characteristics associated with the preference for a Web-based or a printed delivery mode and to determine whether an association exists between delivery modes or participant characteristics and attrition in an intervention. This knowledge may enhance implementation, sustainability of participation, and effectiveness of future interventions for older adults.

Methods

A real-life pretest-posttest intervention study was performed (N=409) among community-living single adults who were older than 65 years, with physical impairments caused by chronic diseases. Measurements were taken at baseline and 3 months after the start of the intervention. Hierarchical logistic regression was used to assess demographic and behavioral characteristics (age, gender, body mass index, educational attainment, degree of loneliness, and PA level), as well as psychosocial characteristics (social support for PA, modeling, self-efficacy, attitude, and intention) related to delivery mode preference at baseline and attrition after 3 months.

Results

The printed delivery mode achieved higher participation (58.9%, 241/409) than the Web-based delivery mode (41.1%, 168/409). Participation in the Web-based delivery mode was associated with younger age (B=–0.10; SE 0.02; Exp (B)=0.91; P<.001) and higher levels of social support for PA (B=0.38; SE 0.14; Exp (B)=1.46; P=.01); attrition was associated with participation in the Web-based delivery mode (B=1.28; SE 0.28; Exp (B)=3.58; P<.001) and low educational attainment (B=–0.53; SE 0.28; Exp (B)=0.59; P=.049).

Conclusions

A total of 41% of the participants chose the Web-based delivery mode, thus demonstrating a potential interest of single older adults with physical impairments in Web-based delivered interventions. However, attrition was demonstrated to be higher in the Web-based delivery mode, and lower educational attainment was found to be a predictor for attrition. Characteristics predicting a preference for the printed delivery mode included being older and receiving less social support. Although Web-based delivery modes are generally less expensive and easier to distribute, it may be advisable to offer a printed delivery mode alongside a Web-based delivery mode to prevent exclusion of a large part of the target population.

Trial Registration

Netherlands Trial Register NTR2297; https://www.trialregister.nl/trial/2173

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

RR2-DOI: 10.2196/resprot.8093
Studying the effect of Different wt % AL2O3 Nanoparticles of 2024Al Alloy / AL2O3 Composites on Mechanical Properties
Authors: Mohammed Al-Alkawi Hussain Jasim , Al- Rasiaq Abthal Abd , Al- Jaafari Mamoon A. A.
Published: April 2019

The nanocompsite of alumina (Al2O3) produced a number of beneficial effects in alloys. There is increasing in resistance of materials to surface related failures , such as the mechanical properties , fatigue and stress corrosion cracking .The experimental results observed that the adding of reinforced  nanomaterials  type Al2O3  enhanced the   HB hardness, UTS, 0.2 YS and ductility of 2014 Al/Al2O3 nano composites . the analysis of experiments, indicated that The maximum enhancement was observed at 0.4 wt.% Al2O3. The ultimate improvement percentage were 15.78% HB hardness, 18.1% (UTS), 12.86% (0.2 YS) and 25.71% ductility. These enhancements in the above properties maybe to high dislocation density resulting in good bounding between Al2O3 and metal matrix.
An Investigation Study of Tool Geometry in Single Point Incremental Forming (SPIF) and their effect on Residual Stresses Using ANOVA Model
Authors: Bedan Aqeel S Sabree , Habeeb Halah Ali H
Published: April 2019

Incremental forming is a flexible sheet metal forming process which is performed by utilizing simple tools to locally deform a sheet of metal along a predefined tool path without using of dies. This work presents the single point incremental forming process for producing pyramid geometry and studies the effect of tool geometry, tool diameter, and spindle speed on the residual stresses. The residual stresses were measured by ORIONRKS 6000 test measuring instrument. This instrument was used with four angles of (0º,15º,30º, and 45º) and the average value of residual stresses was determined, the value of the residual stress in the original blanks was (10.626 MPa). The X-ray diffraction technology was used to measure the residual stresses. The sheet material used was Aluminum alloy (AL1050) with thickness of (0.9 mm). The experimental tests in this work were done on the computer numerical control (CNC) vertical milling machine. The extracted results from the single point incremental forming process were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) to predict the effect of forming parameters on the residual stresses. The optimum value of the residual stresses (55.024 MPa) was found when using the flat end with round corner tool and radius of (3 mm), wall angle of (55°) and a rotational speed of the tool of (800 rpm). The minimum value of the residual stresses (24.389MPa) was found when using hemispherical tool with diameter of (12 mm), wall angle of (45°) and a rotational speed of the tool of (800 rpm).
Optimization of Diffusion Bonding of Pure Copper (OFHC) with Stainless Steel 304L
Authors: Akbar Ahmed Ali Akbar , Ajeel Sami Abualnoun A , Hassoni Safaa Mohammed
Published: April 2019

This work deals with determination of optimum conditions of direct diffusion bonding welding of austenitic stainlesssteel type AISI 304L with Oxygen Free High Conductivity (OFHC) pure copper grade (C10200) in vacuum atmosphere of (1.5 *10-5 mbr.). Mini tab (response surface) was applied for optimizing the influence of diffusion bonding parameters (temperature, time and applied load) on the bonding joints characteristics and the empirical relationship was evaluated which represents the effect of each parameter of the process. The yield strength of diffusion bonded joint was equal to 153 MPa and the efficiency of joint was equal to 66.5% as compared with hard drawn copper. The diffusion zone reveals high microhardness than copper side due to solid solution phase formation of (CuNi). The failure of bonded joints always occurred on the copper side and fracture surface morphologies are characterized by ductile failure mode with dimple structure. Optimum bonding conditions were observed at temperature of 650 ◦C, duration time of 45 min. and the applied stress of 30 MPa. The maximum depth of diffuse copper in stainless steel side was equal 11.80 µm.
Charm of Nuo—Nuo Opera “Dongdongtui” of Dong Minority
Authors: Yao Xianglin , Ling Jiahui
Published: April 2019

“Dongdongtui”, a kind of original sacrificial Nuo opera, was included in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage protection list in 2006. It only exists in Tianjing village, Xinhuang Dong autonomous county, Hunan province. Previously, the researchers only focused on the study of the intangible cultural heritage value of “Dongdongtui” and the exploration of its inheritance and development. However, due to the internal and external resistance, the government has not achieved good results in the implementation of the action, and the people with insight are unable to protect it. The national inheritor is 90 years old. His disciples are not capable enough to take up the mantle. There are few new students, and the influence of “Dongdongtui” is very limited in the region. “Dongdongtui” is spiritually lack of attraction, penetration, social acceptance and so on. It is facing with a dilemma of inheritance and development. Based on these, we went to the village and got close to “Dongdongtui”, personally felt the charm of masks, costumes and performances, and inquired about its value. Finally, combining with local geography, culture and tourism resources, we tried to propose a new region-wide tourism strategy which is suitable for the development of “Dongdongtui”.