bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Optimized Hidden Node Detection Paradigm for Improving the Coverage and Network Efficiency in Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks
Authors: Alanazi Adwan , Elleithy Khaled
Published: September 2016

Successful transmission of online multimedia streams in wireless multimedia sensor networks (WMSNs) is a big challenge due to their limited bandwidth and power resources. The existing WSN protocols are not completely appropriate for multimedia communication. The effectiveness of WMSNs varies, and it depends on the correct location of its sensor nodes in the field. Thus, maximizing the multimedia coverage is the most important issue in the delivery of multimedia contents. The nodes in WMSNs are either static or mobile. Thus, the node connections change continuously due to the mobility in wireless multimedia communication that causes an additional energy consumption, and synchronization loss between neighboring nodes. In this paper, we introduce an Optimized Hidden Node Detection (OHND) paradigm. The OHND consists of three phases: hidden node detection, message exchange, and location detection. These three phases aim to maximize the multimedia node coverage, and improve energy efficiency, hidden node detection capacity, and packet delivery ratio. OHND helps multimedia sensor nodes to compute the directional coverage. Furthermore, an OHND is used to maintain a continuous node– continuous neighbor discovery process in order to handle the mobility of the nodes. We implement our proposed algorithms by using a network simulator (NS2). The simulation results demonstrate that nodes are capable of maintaining direct coverage and detecting hidden nodes in order to maximize coverage and multimedia node mobility. To evaluate the performance of our proposed algorithms, we compared our results with other known approaches.
A Study of Dispersion Compensation of Polarization Multiplexing-Based OFDM-OCDMA for Radio-over-Fiber Transmissions
Authors: Yen Chih-Ta , Chen Wen-Bin
Published: September 2016

Chromatic dispersion from optical fiber is the most important problem that produces temporal skews and destroys the rectangular structure of code patterns in the spectra-amplitude-coding-based optical code-division multiple-access (SAC-OCDMA) system. Thus, the balance detection scheme does not work perfectly to cancel multiple access interference (MAI) and the system performance will be degraded. Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) is the fastest developing technology in the academic and industrial fields of wireless transmission. In this study, the radio-over-fiber system is realized by integrating OFDM and OCDMA via polarization multiplexing scheme. The electronic dispersion compensation (EDC) equalizer element of OFDM integrated with the dispersion compensation fiber (DCF) is used in the proposed radio-over-fiber (RoF) system, which can efficiently suppress the chromatic dispersion influence in long-haul transmitted distance. A set of length differences for 10 km-long single-mode fiber (SMF) and 4 km-long DCF is to verify the compensation scheme by relative equalizer algorithms and constellation diagrams. In the simulation result, the proposed dispersion mechanism successfully compensates the dispersion from SMF and the system performance with dispersion equalizer is highly improved.
Single-Side Two-Location Spotlight Imaging for Building Based on MIMO Through-Wall-Radar
Authors: Jia Yong , Zhong Xiaoling , Liu Jiangang , Guo Yong
Published: September 2016

Through-wall-radar imaging is of interest for mapping the wall layout of buildings and for the detection of stationary targets within buildings. In this paper, we present an easy single-side two-location spotlight imaging method for both wall layout mapping and stationary target detection by utilizing multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) through-wall-radar. Rather than imaging for building walls directly, the images of all building corners are generated to speculate wall layout indirectly by successively deploying the MIMO through-wall-radar at two appropriate locations on only one side of the building and then carrying out spotlight imaging with two different squint-views. In addition to the ease of implementation, the single-side two-location squint-view detection also has two other advantages for stationary target imaging. The first one is the fewer multi-path ghosts, and the second one is the smaller region of side-lobe interferences from the corner images in comparison to the wall images. Based on Computer Simulation Technology (CST) electromagnetic simulation software, we provide multiple sets of validation results where multiple binary panorama images with clear images of all corners and stationary targets are obtained by combining two single-location images with the use of incoherent additive fusion and two-dimensional cell-averaging constant-false-alarm-rate (2D CA-CFAR) detection.
Dispersion Curve Engineering of TiO2/Silver Hybrid Substrates for Enhanced Surface Plasmon Resonance Detection
Authors: El-Gohary Sherif , Choi Munsik , Kim Young , Byun Kyung
Published: September 2016

As surface plasmon resonance (SPR)-based biosensors are well translated into biological, chemical, environmental, and clinical fields, it is critical to further realize stable and sustainable systems, avoiding oxidation susceptibility of metal films—in particular, silver substrates. We report an enhanced SPR detection performance by incorporating a TiO2 layer on top of a thin silver film. A uniform TiO2 film fabricated by electron beam evaporation at room temperature is an effective alternative in bypassing oxidation of a silver film. Based on our finding that the sensor sensitivity is strongly correlated with the slope of dispersion curves, SPR sensing results obtained by parylene film deposition shows that TiO2/silver hybrid substrates provide notable sensitivity improvement compared to a conventional bare silver film, which confirms the possibility of engineering the dispersion characteristic according to the incidence wavelength. The reported SPR structures with TiO2 films enhance the sensitivity significantly in water and air environments and its overall qualitative trend in sensitivity improvement is consistent with numerical simulations. Thus, we expect that our approach can extend the applicability of TiO2-mediated SPR biosensors to highly sensitive detection for biomolecular binding events of low concentrations, while serving a practical and reliable biosensing platform.
Study of Intrinsic Dissipation Due to Thermoelastic Coupling in Gyroscope Resonators
Authors: Li Changlong , Gao Shiqiao , Niu Shaohua , Liu Haipeng
Published: September 2016

This paper presents analytical models, as well as numerical and experimental verification of intrinsic dissipation due to thermoelastic loss in tuning-fork resonator. The thermoelastic analytical governing equations are created for resonator vibrating at drive-mode and sense-mode, and thermoelastic vibration field quantities are deduced. Moreover, the theoretical values are verified that coincided well with finite element analysis (FEM) simulation results. Also, the comparison of vibration field quantities is made to investigate the effect of different conditions on resonator thermoelastic vibration behavior. The significant parameters of thermoelastic damping and quality factor are subsequently deduced to analyze the energy dissipation situation in the vibration process. Meanwhile, the corresponding conclusions from other studies are used to verify our theoretical model and numerical results. By comparing with the experimental quality factor, the numerical values are validated. The combination of the theoretical expressions, numerical results and experimental data leads to an important insight into the achievable quality factor value of tuning-fork resonator, namely, that the thermoelastic damping is the main loss mechanism in the micro-comb finger structure and the quality factor varies under different vibration modes. The results demonstrate that the critical geometry dimensions of tuning-fork resonator can be well designed with the assistance of this study.
Pretreated Butterfly Wings for Tuning the Selective Vapor Sensing
Authors: Piszter Gábor , Kertész Krisztián , Bálint Zsolt , Biró László
Published: September 2016

Photonic nanoarchitectures occurring in the scales of Blue butterflies are responsible for their vivid blue wing coloration. These nanoarchitectures are quasi-ordered nanocomposites which are constituted from a chitin matrix with embedded air holes. Therefore, they can act as chemically selective sensors due to their color changes when mixing volatile vapors in the surrounding atmosphere which condensate into the nanoarchitecture through capillary condensation. Using a home-built vapor-mixing setup, the spectral changes caused by the different air + vapor mixtures were efficiently characterized. It was found that the spectral shift is vapor-specific and proportional with the vapor concentration. We showed that the conformal modification of the scale surface by atomic layer deposition and by ethanol pretreatment can significantly alter the optical response and chemical selectivity, which points the way to the efficient production of sensor arrays based on the knowledge obtained through the investigation of modified butterfly wings.
Integrated Land Governance for Eco-Urbanization
Authors: Wang Zhan , Deng Xiangzheng , Wong Cecilia
Published: September 2016

“Eco-urbanization” emphasizes the importance of the ecological and environmental aspects of urbanization, which is to approach a balanced and healthy ecosystem through paying attention to the ecological intercorrelation of many factors. This involves balancing the stocks and utilization of multi-resources and balancing the efficiency and equality of multi-resources allocation to improve the quality of life for both urban and rural areas. In this dynamic process, resource allocations are carried out at different administrative levels, which have posed challenges of developing an integrated approach for eco-urbanization. Due to interaction and intersection of ecological activities among adjacent regions, a complex ecosystem tends to be in a fluid catchment area with dynamic flows of activities that transcend rigid administrative boundaries. The management of ecosystem sensitively impinges on the effectiveness of having an integrated approach of land governance in a comprehensive planning of urban–rural development. This will require scientific findings to support a policy-oriented management approach, which can take account of land use/cover changes (LUCC), ecosystem services and functions, interactive impacts of socio-economic transformation and climatic variations for optimum land use allocation to achieve the objective of ecosystem conservation and socio-economic development for both urban and rural area in a sustainable approach. Three aspects of development are identified as the importance of achieving advanced land governance for eco-urbanization. This paper aims to discuss these in turn: first, to find the adaptive measures in response to the uncertainty of climatic variation; second, to understand and research the scale and level of sustainable consumption for balancing resource saving and consumption; and third, to study ecological intercorrelation among multiple factors. We, therefore, argue that the far insight of “economic growth” via an ecologically-centered approach based on scientific solutions of all three aspects and intergovernmental consultations is important to support land governance for eco-urbanization and to strike a balance between environmental conservation and economic development.
Various Energy-Saving Approaches to a TFT-LCD Panel Fab
Authors: Chang Cheng-Kuang , Lin Tee , Hu Shih-Cheng , Fu Ben-Ran , Hsu Jung-Sheng
Published: September 2016

This study employs the developed simulation software for the energy use of the high-tech fabrication plant (hereafter referred as a fab) to examine six energy-saving approaches for the make-up air unit (MAU) of a TFT-LCD (thin-film transistor liquid-crystal display) fab. The studied approaches include: (1) Approach 1: adjust the set point of dry bulb temperature and relative humidity in the cleanroom; (2) Approach 2: lower the flow rate of supply air volume in the MAU; (3) Approach 3: use a draw-through type instead of push through type MAU; (4) Approach 4: combine the two stage cooling coils in MAU to a single stage coil; (5) Approach 5: reduce the original MAU exit temperature from 16.5 °C to 14.5 °C; and (6) Approach 6: avoid an excessive increase in pressure drop over the filter by replacing the HEPA filter more frequently. The simulated results are further compared to the measured data of the studied TFT-LCD fab in Taiwan. The simulated results showed that Approach 1 exhibits more significant influence on annual power consumption than the other approaches. The advantage/disadvantage of each approach is elaborated. The impact of the six approaches on the annual power consumption of the fab is also discussed.
The Determinants of Tourist Use of Public Transport at the Destination
Authors: Gutiérrez Aaron , Miravet Daniel
Published: September 2016

Of all the activities associated with tourism, transport is the one that creates most pollution. However, the mobility of tourists at their destination is an activity that has so far received very little attention from researchers in comparison with that afforded to the transport mode used to travel from their point of origin to their destination. This paper provides new evidence about the use of public transport by tourists at their final destination. The study is based on data obtained from a survey conducted with tourists (N = 4336) on the Costa Daurada (Catalonia), a Mediterranean sun and beach resort. The empirical analysis is based on estimations made using a multinomial model of the transport mode chosen by tourists to travel to the Costa Daurada combined with another model that estimated the probability of them using public transport during their stay. The results show that the tourists who arrived by private car were the ones who least used public transport at the destination. This was despite the fact that these tourists had the profile that made them most likely to use this type of transportation. On the other hand, although the tourists who arrived by plane had the profile that made them least likely to use public transport, they were the ones who used it most. It is, therefore, possible to conclude that, in addition to tourist profile, another key factor in deciding whether tourists will use public transport at their destination is whether they will take their own car.
A Tricky Trait: Applying the Fruits of the “Function Debate” in the Philosophy of Biology to the “Venom Debate” in the Science of Toxinology
Authors: Jackson Timothy , Fry Bryan
Published: September 2016

The “function debate” in the philosophy of biology and the “venom debate” in the science of toxinology are conceptually related. Venom systems are complex multifunctional traits that have evolved independently numerous times throughout the animal kingdom. No single concept of function, amongst those popularly defended, appears adequate to describe these systems in all their evolutionary contexts and extant variations. As such, a pluralistic view of function, previously defended by some philosophers of biology, is most appropriate. Venom systems, like many other functional traits, exist in nature as points on a continuum and the boundaries between “venomous” and “non-venomous” species may not always be clearly defined. This paper includes a brief overview of the concept of function, followed by in-depth discussion of its application to venom systems. A sound understanding of function may aid in moving the venom debate forward. Similarly, consideration of a complex functional trait such as venom may be of interest to philosophers of biology.
Terrestrial arthropods of Steel Creek, Buffalo National River, Arkansas. IV. Asilidae and other Diptera
Authors: Skvarla Michael , Barnes Jeffrey , Fisher Danielle , Dowling Ashley
Published: September 2016

This is the fourth in a series of papers detailing the terrestrial arthropods collected during an intensive survey of a site near Steel Creek campground along the Buffalo National River in Arkansas. The survey was conducted over a period of eight and a half months in 2013 using twelve trap types, including Malaise and canopy traps, Lindgren multifunnel traps, and pan traps.

We provide collection records for 38 species of Asilidae and other Diptera, 7 of which are new state records for Arkansas: (Asilidae) Lasiopogon opaculus Loew, 1874; (Lygistorrhinidae) Lygistorrhina sancthecatharinae Thompson, 1975; (Stratiomyidae) Cephalochrysa nigricornis (Loew, 1866), Gowdeyana punctifera (Malloch, 1915), Sargus decorus Say, 1824; (Ulidiidae) Callopistromyia annulipes Macquart, 1855; and (Xylophagidae) Rachicerus obscuripennis Loew, 1863.
Edificio de viviendas. Calle Balmes – Barcelona
Authors: Barba Corsini F. J.
Published: September 2016

Se trata de una casa de renta con cuatro viviendas por rellano, edificada en un terreno de 465 m2 que da frente a dos calles, con una diferencia de nivel de unos 5,50 metros. Estas son: la calle Balmes, de primera categoría y orientación noroeste, y la calle Atenas, de segunda categoría y orientación suroeste.
Deposito pretensado – Örebro
Authors: Eriksson Kurt
Published: September 2016

El nuevo depósito elevado de Örebro, se halla ubicado en el centro de la ciudad y por tanto ha tenido que considerarse cuidadosamente su composición exterior. Debido al gran volumen, unos 9.000 m3, y una altura de unos 50 m entre el suelo y el nivel superior de aguas, la solución cilíndrica con soportes dispuestos circularmente o de paredes cilíndricas hubiese resultado excesivamente masiva. El hormigón pretensado permitió llegar a una estructura más ligera y de línea más elegante, cuya forma se fue perfilando desde los primeros tanteos.
Garaje en Houston. Ten –Ten
Authors: Grimes Robert O. , Bovay H. E.
Published: September 2016

Para remediar la penuria que azota la falta de espacios libres para el estacionamiento de vehículos en las grandes ciudades, donde el tráfico rodado aumenta y congestiona continuamente la circulación, se decidió, por una empresa particular, la construcción de un garaje de tipo moderno, dotado de los servicios inherentes a esta clase de explotaciones comerciales, en la ciudad de Houston (Tejas).
Escuela, en Berna
Authors: Reinhard Hans , Reinhard Gret
Published: September 2016

La escuela Steigerhubel, situada entre Bümpliz y Berna, ha sido construida para satisfacer la necesidad escolar de aquella comarca, ante el aumento progresivo de alumnos. Junto a los edificios que albergan las clases, se ha construido: un gimnasio, un edificio de recepción, una guardería, una iglesia y un edificio central. Desde este último edificio se suministra la calefacción a todo el conjunto.
Escuela, en Hitchin-Hertfordshire
Authors: Aslin C. H.
Published: September 2016

En las afueras de Hitchin, junto a la carretera de Bedford y en la cima de una colina, se eleva la escuela femenina de enseñanza media con capacidad para seiscientas chicas. Su posición elevada ha permitido cuidar sus cuatro fachadas, disfrutándose de buenas vistas sobre los alrededores.
Captación por el sistema Ranney, para aumentar el abastecimiento de agua de Málaga
Authors: Editorial Equipo
Published: September 2016

Para aliviar el problema de falta de agua, cada vez más agudizado, el Excmo. Ayuntamiento de Málaga, apoyado por las altas Autoridades y en estrecha colaboración con la Dirección de Obras Hidráulicas y la Confederación del Río Guadalhorce, previo informe del competente Ingeniero de Caminos D. Alejandro Miró Nadal, decidió la ejecución de una captación subálvea en una de las márgenes del río Guadalhorce, en las proximidades del sifón de la conducción de Torremolinos a Málaga.
Una norma española. Contratación de obras. Condiciones generales
Authors: Editorial Equipo
Published: September 2016

No disponible
Coachotel. Dover
Authors: Erdi Louis
Published: September 2016

El turismo colectivo ha tomado un incremento tan creciente que se imponen los hoteles del estilo del
Coachotel, construido recientemente en Dover, en lugar estratégico de paso y cruce de carretera.
Nave de ensayos hidráulicos. Escuela Superior Técnica, Darmstadt
Authors: Nufert -
Published: September 2016

La Escuela Politécnica de Darmstadt ha construido una nave-taller para ensayos hidráulicos, con salas de enseñanza y laboratorios adicionales. Las dimensiones del taller, según sus necesidades, debían ser de 25 x 100 m, pero el solar de que se dispuso en un principio no daba para ello, haciéndose la nave de 25 x 70 m y disponiendo tanto la planta del conjunto como la estructura de la nave con vistas a una futura ampliación.
Puente de Troy
Authors: Berridge P. S. A.
Published: September 2016

En la pequeña provincia de Monmouth, en las proximidades de Gales, discurre el río Wye, sobre el que en 1876 se construyó un puente metálico, de tablero superior, dedicado al paso de una línea férrea.
Viviendas y oficinas. O'Donnell, 33, Madrid
Authors: Lamela Antonio
Published: September 2016

La arquitectura no es un arte de capricho. Siempre hemos creído que debemos tener presente —sobre todo los arquitectos— que hacer arquitectura es algo más que hacer una fachada: es crear unos volúmenes, unos ambientes, unos espacios —abiertos o cerrados— de la manera más bella e idónea que sea posible, para que el hombre pueda realizar en ellos las funciones espirituales o materiales que precisa. Esto no pretende ser una definición de la arquitectura, es, sencillamente, su explicación.
Madera encolada. Estructuras laminares.
Authors: Walters R. T.
Published: September 2016

La laminación, tratándose de la madera, consiste en formar, partiendo de láminas o tabla delgada, elementos de mayor escuadra o dimensiones por la yuxtaposición de tablas encoladas unas contra otras. Las tablas se encolan entre sí y, a veces, se solidarizan por medios mecánicos de fijación. El hilo de la madera es paralelo, que contrasta con el contrachapado cuyas láminas finas cruzan su hilo en placas alternas.
Villa Jeanneret y Reverdin. Suiza
Authors: Bussat P. , Lamunière J. M.
Published: September 2016

En Cologny, villa suiza situada en las proximidades de Ginebra, patria de Le Corbusier, los arquitectos Bussat y Lamunière han proyectado la construcción de estas dos viviendas, de concepción avanzada.
Vivienda de un arquitecto. Suiza
Authors: Hermès Luc V.
Published: September 2016

Sobre una pequeña colina que domina el lago de Ginebra y con fondo los Alpes Franceses, con el Mont Blanc en el centro, se ha construido su propia vivienda el arquitecto Hermès. El programa se ha resuelto con planta en L, distinguiéndose en ella tres zonas claramente diferenciadas: recepción y dormitorio principal, al sur; habitaciones de niños con jardín de juego, a poniente; y el estudio de pintor y arquitecto y servicios, a norte.
Casa Santamaría en Vettica. Italia
Authors: Cocchia -
Published: September 2016

La belleza del paisaje, la rica variedad de vistas panorámicas, la serie de terrazas naturales escalonadas hacia el mar, la vegetación espontánea de olivos y de algarrobos y las afloraciones de piedra viva de colores inimitables; todo ello ha influido, de forma definitiva, en la composición de esta vivienda y han mandado tanto o más que las necesidades propias de la distribución.
Casa Wiley. New Canaan, U.S.A.
Authors: Johnson Philip
Published: September 2016

El éxito de la casa Wiley consiste, principalmente, en el fruto conseguido por el esfuerzo de sus proyectistas en lograr la diferenciación de funciones que se realizan en toda vida familiar. Con ello, se ha logrado armonizar dos elementos tal vez incompatibles: la pureza de la arquitectura moderna y las necesidades de toda vida en familia. ¿Por qué la gente no puede aprender a vivir en los espacios sin ventanas de Ledoux, ni en los prismas de cristal de Mies van der Rohe? Sencillamente, porque la gente necesita una zona para que la niña de la casa toque el piano mientras su mamá juega al bridge con sus amigas; necesita una casa, en la que se puedan desarrollar simultáneamente las actividades más diversas y en la que cada individuo de la familia tenga su lugar íntimo de recogimiento para el descanso o trabajo.
Okertal. Goslar, Alemania
Authors: Schulze D. E.
Published: September 2016

El aprovechamiento hidroeléctrico del rio Oker, de la región alemana del Harz, está emplazado a unos 1.500 m de las cascadas del río Romke. En este lugar ya se había construido un dique de retención, de sabor histórico, para facilitar el transporte fluvial de la madera de esta región selvícola.
Puentes gemelos. Río Salado, Nuevo México
Authors: Editorial Equipo
Published: September 2016

Recientemente, el Estado de Nuevo Méjico acaba de construir un puente para carretera que, por estar ésta dividida en dos partes independientes, de dos bandas de circulación cada una, se han tenido que construir dos estructuras gemelas, paralelas, que salvan el Río Salado.
Repenser la périphérie : Ma‘ān, carrefour du sud du Bilād al-Shām au tournant de la Première Guerre mondiale
Authors: Neveu Norig
Published: September 2016

Au début du xxe siècle, Ma‘ān était un important carrefour commercial, situé sur la route du pèlerinage syrien vers La Mecque. Cette ville à la frontière du désert et du Hedjaz était une interface des mobilités régionales, qui s’intensifièrent avec la construction du chemin de fer du Hedjaz en 1904. Ceci se traduisait dans son organisation sociale, proche de celle des oasis de la péninsule Arabique. Durant la Première Guerre mondiale, la situation de carrefour de Ma‘ān en fit un bastion de première importance pour les armées ottomanes. Elle est demeurée jusqu’à la fin du conflit un nœud central permettant aux Ottomans de contrôler les circulations régionales et de contrer l’avancée des troupes britanniques et celles de la Révolte arabe.
Des pèlerins et des épidémies. Recomposition des flux « dangereux » sur la mer Rouge et le Golfe
Authors: Chiffoleau Sylvia
Published: September 2016

Tout au long du xixe siècle et jusqu’à la veille de la Première Guerre mondiale, le pèlerinage à La Mecque est considéré comme vecteur majeur d'épidémies et fait l’objet d’un contrôle sévère de la part des puissances coloniales. Mais durant le conflit, il devient aussi une arme de propagande et les politiques coloniales s’en trouvent définitivement changées. Elles sont désormais moins guidées par la peur des épidémies, et visent davantage la protection des pèlerins. Il est vrai que de façon paradoxale, alors que les épidémies sévissent partout ailleurs durant le conflit, elles disparaissent du Hedjaz. Les politiques sanitaires mises en œuvre sur le pourtour de la péninsule dans les années précédant la guerre et le système de contrôle exercé sur les pèlerins ont semble-t-il permis de circonscrire les maladies infectieuses à certains foyers. C’est dans ce contexte de changement d’échelle du risque épidémique que se recomposent après-guerre les attributions respectives et les liens entre communauté internationale, puissances coloniales et États-nations en construction.
The “very real bogey”. The Stotzingen-Neufeld Mission to the Hijāz (1916)
Authors: Strohmeier Martin
Published: September 2016

In World War I Germany adopted a policy to incite uprisings in the Muslim world (Holy War “made in Germany”) against the Entente, especially Britain. In this context several propaganda missions were conducted. The task of the Stotzingen-Neufeld mission was to establish a propaganda center in the Yemen from where agitation in East Africa (Sudan, Abyssinia, Somalia) was to be carried out. The undertaking was poorly and hastily prepared. Furthermore, Jamāl Pasha’s delaying tactics contributed to its eventual failure. If the Stotzingen-Neufeld mission achieved anything, it was that it prompted Ḥusayn b. ‘Alī, the Sharīf of Mecca, to announce the Revolt prematurely. The article deals with the planning and financing of the operation, the composition of the group, the different stages of the expedition, as well as its relations with the Ottoman authorities. The material used includes sources from the British National Archives and the German Foreign Office.
Nanomedicine as a Newly Emerging Approach Against Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB)
Authors: Saravanan Muthupandian , Duche Kebret , Asmelash Tsehaye , Gebreyesus Araya , Nanda Anima , Arokiyaraj Selvaraj
Published: September 2016

Emergence of MDR-TB is highly associated with morbidity and mortality and it needs high concerns about the possibility of a future TB epidemic as limited therapeutic options are available. The current treatment against TB needs daily administration for at least 6 months. That in turn leads to the development and spread of drug-resistant TB. Plenty of work has been done in nanomedicine that provides hope to encounter TB effectively. In the developing world the development of nanoparticle-based aerosol vaccines for tuberculosis has potential applications using on a large scale at relatively low cost, and particularly attractive for use. This book review examines the current TB diagnostic assays and treatment by nanotechnologies and highlight recent advances in Anti-TB Drug (ATD) delivery systems and anti-TB drug encapsulation. It also discusses the impact of the nanoparticles as an emerging treatment against MDR-TB and discusses the current knowledge and potential nanomedicine to improve MDR-TB therapy.
The Pedagogic Possibilities of Student-Generated Case Studies
Authors: Starr-Glass David
Published: September 2016

In management and other business-related studies, case studies have become popular and ubiquitous. Case studies certainly provide significant opportunities for learners and instructors; however, the possibilities of case studies are often not fully utilized. Under-utilization of the case study becomes particularly apparent when students generate their own cases, which are often narrowly focused and constrained by a logic that understands the case as simply an exemplification of existing theory. This chapter advocates that undergraduate exposure to case work should be more expansive, incorporate greater complexity, and explore the possibilities of critically challenging old theories and of generating new ones. It is argued that this teaching approach gives learners a richer appreciation of the case study, introduces them to the challenges and methodology of case construction, and provides them with greater competency in using and in generating case studies in their learning and professional lives.
Resolving the Magic Cube of Effective Case Teaching
Authors: Buzady Zoltan
Published: September 2016

This chapter contribution has three major aims: First, to present a benchmark of current practices of teaching with case studies in order to inform fellow scholars, who are generally interested in this particular pedagogical approach and to help those readers, who already apply case studies in their academic teaching or vocational trainings within business and management sciences. Second, to provide some help to fellow case teachers by describing concrete examples, to offer a benchmark, and to formulate advices relevant to case-based teaching. Certain sections make explicit reference to particularities or interesting trends of case-based teaching practices which are different in the CEE region and in other emerging markets. Third, to outline a new, emerging trend of participant-centered learning methods, that of serious games as a tool for leadership and management development.
Gap Between Theory and Practice in Management Education
Authors: Garo Elona
Published: September 2016

The gap between skills that students learn in the schools and the ones required by the market is still huge. Business school should create effective programs. Teaching methods which allow students to explore business issues and to learn and study from their experiences are very important if we want to increase student confidence. One of the central elements is the experience gained by practicing real cases and by addressing successfully the situation at hand. Business educators must play the role of facilitators who provide a proper environment to students to get the real experience, to reflect on it and apply in coming future. The right business curricula and pedagogy to provide it successfully are key elements to an effective business education.
Case-Based Teaching in Short-Term Management Development Programs
Authors: Lebedev Pavel
Published: September 2016

In this chapter the author discusses how and when cases should be used or not, during short-term educational programs, either company tailored or open enrollment, and designed for midlevel and executive level managers. Reflecting on personal experiences of case-based teaching in short-term programs, the author shares two cases. One was an extremely successful integration of an extensive Harvard Business School case study into a company-tailored executive educational program conducted for a leading Russian insurance company, with about 200 participants (branch general managers who were leading teams of about 1000 employees and branch HR managers). The other was a contrasting story of failure. The cases are supplemented with reflections and summaries of lessons learned, along with frameworks for successful planning and delivery of case-based short-term educational programs.
Virtual Reality User Acceptance
Authors: Brailovsky Signoret Françoise Dushinka
Published: September 2016

“Nothing can be loved or hated unless it is first known” (da Vinci, quoted by Powell, 2004, p.1). As human beings, we are always afraid about the unknown, about what is not familiar. Even though this is acceptable because of the fear of changing the way humans have been living so far, it is not justifiable.
Ex Ante Evaluations of Alternate Data Structures for End User Queries
Authors: Bowen Paul L. , Rohde Fiona H. , Basford Jay
Published: September 2016

The data structure of an information system can significantly impact the ability of end users to efficiently and effectively retrieve the information they need. This research develops a methodology for evaluating, ex ante, the relative desirability of alternative data structures for end user queries. This research theorizes that the data structure that yields the lowest weighted average complexity for a representative sample of information requests is the most desirable data structure for end user queries. The theory was tested in an experiment that compared queries from two different relational database schemas. As theorized, end users querying the data structure associated with the less complex queries performed better. Complexity was measured using three different Halstead metrics. Each of the three metrics provided excellent predictions of end user performance. This research supplies strong evidence that organizations can use complexity metrics to evaluate, ex ante, the desirability of alternate data structures. Organizations can use these evaluations to enhance the efficient and effective retrieval of information by creating data structures that minimize end user query complexity.
The Role of Fit in Knowledge Management Systems
Authors: Baloh Peter
Published: September 2016

While most organizations have deployed knowledge management systems (KMS), only a handful have been able to leverage these investments. Existing knowledge management (KM) research offered valuable insights on how to introduce KMS in a sense of innovation-diffusion, yet little guidance has been offered to KMS developers who need to decide on functionalities of a tool they are to introduce in a particular organizational setting. The goal of this paper is to propose theoretical background for design of IS that successfully support and enable decision making, which is seen as the ultimate form of knowledge creation and utilization. By using principles of the design science, design profiles proposed build upon works from organization and IS sciences, primarily the evolutionary information-processing theory of knowledge creation (Li & Kettinger, 2006) and the task technology fit theory (Zigurs & Buckland, 1998), the latter being amended for particularities of the KM environment. Proposed fit profiles suggest that one-size-fits-all approaches do not work and that organizations must take, in contrast with suggestions of extant literature, a segmented approach to KM activities and fitting IT support.
Concerns with “Mutual Constitution”
Authors: Mutch Alistair
Published: September 2016

The case for “analytical dualism” as a means of approaching sociotechnical action is presented as an alternative to accounts which tend to conflate agency, structure, and technology. This is based on the work of Margaret Archer, whose work is in turn located in the traditions of critical realism. Her commitment to analytical dualism, which stresses both the importance of time in analysis and the emergent properties of structure, is argued to give a firmer purchase on the notion of context than the alternatives based on, for example, the work of Giddens and Latour.
Knowledge Assets in the Global Economy
Authors: Malhotra Yogesh
Published: September 2016

This chapter has the following objectives: developing the need for assessing knowledge capital at the national economic level; reviewing a national case study of how intellectual capital assessment was done in case of one nation state; suggesting implications of use of such assessment methods and needed areas of advancement; and highlighting caveats in existing assessment methods that underscore the directions for future research. With increasing emphasis on aligning national information resource planning, design and implementation with growth and performance needs of business or nation, better understanding of new valuation and assessment techniques is necessary for information resource management policymakers, practitioners and researchers.
Organizational Controls as Enablers and Constraints in Successful Knowledge Management Systems Implementation
Authors: Malhotra Yogesh
Published: September 2016

Many current implementations of organizational knowledge management, although based on the most advanced information technologies, are hobbled by the pervading organizational controls. Such information systems related organizational controls could spell the success or failure of organizational management initiatives despite application of latest groupware and collaboration software. Often, such failures of knowledge management systems implementations arise from incorrect understanding and misapplication of the notion of ‘controls.’ Hence, it is critical to develop a better understanding of information systems related organizational controls so that they can facilitate the success of knowledge management systems implementations. This chapter fills the critical void of incomplete and often incorrect interpretations of organizational controls by developing a better theoretical and conceptual understanding of organizational controls and their pragmatic implications. The chapter also proposes an organic model of organizational controls for design of knowledge management systems that can effectively enable creation of new knowledge, renewal of existing knowledge and knowledge sharing.
About Transition Reynolds Number of Filtration Magnetophoresis Process
Authors: Sandulyak Anna , Sandulyak Alexander , Polismakova Maria , Sandulyak Darya , Ershova Vera
Published: September 2016

In this present work, the approaches providing establishment of transitional value of Reynolds number when filtering liquids in the magnetized granulated (polyspherical) matrix are considered. It is shown that value of transitional number of Reynolds by flow through the granulated matrix is not crisis for process of a magnetophoresis. It is confirmed on the example of magnetophoresis of ferroparticles in water suspension, thermal power plant condensate, liquid ammonia. It is established that the effective of magnetophoresis could be performed also in case of Reynolds's values much more than determined hydrodynamic Reynolds number. It significantly expands idea of the beginning of crisis of the magnetophoresis regime and allows to receive the limiting filtering speed for any media passed through a zone of a filter magnetophoresis.
Suppress of Concentration Quenching by Site Engineering Concept
Authors: Imanari Yuichiro , Hasegawa Takuya , Watanabe Mizuki , Toda Kenji , Ishigaki Tadashi , Kamei Shinnosuke , Kim Sun Woog , Uematsu Kazuyoshi , Sato Mineo
Published: September 2016

Red-emitting RbLa2Ti2TaO10:Eu3+ phosphors were synthesized by a conventional solid-state reaction method, and crystal structure and photoluminescence properties were investigated in the detail. RbLa2Ti2TaO10 has tetragonal structure with a space group of P4/mmm, in which the B-site cations (Ta and Ti) are arranged into non-ordering sequence. The RbLa2Ti2TaO10:Eu3+ phosphors exhibited strong red emission, which is due to the 4f-4f transitions of Eu3+, at excitation wavelength of 396 nm. The concentration quenching phenomena for RbLa2Ti2TaO10:Eu3+ phosphors was investigated using percolation model with two-dimensional interactions among the Eu3+ sites in the host lattice. Both the critical concentration values with the calculation and experiment are estimated to be x = 0.3-0.4, which indicates that the concentration quenching for RbLa2Ti2TaO10:Eu3+ phosphors was due to the energy transfer between the nearest Eu3+ ions in these compounds
Comparison of Fluorescence Behaviors of Rhodamine 6G with Palladium-Coated Gold Nanorods in Formations of Solutions and Thin Films
Authors: Boonpiphobanun Nichakorn , Damrongsak Pattareeya , Locharoenrat Kitsakorn
Published: September 2016

We have reported on the fluorescence behaviors of Rhodamine 6G with the palladium-coat gold nanorods in dichlormethane solution and in polymethylmethaceylate thin film. By monitoring the emission intensity of these samples, they show the enhancement of fluorescence intensity through the optical effect known as a plasmon resonance energy transfer. The enhancement intensity of fluorescence is enhanced up to 1.6 fold for the sample solution and 1.4 fold for the sample thin film.
Effects of the Profile of Workpiece Surface on Material Removal Rate Distribution in Polishing Process
Authors: Wu Zhen Gang , He Dong Shan , Zhou Ping , Guo Dong Ming
Published: September 2016

Accurate prediction of the material removal rate (MRR) distribution is very important for the control of the polishing process. However, the widely used prediction method of MRR based on the Preston equation is still incapable of predicting the roll-off phenomenon in polishing process. One of the reasons is that many of the researchers’ neglected the effect of the surface profile of the workpiece on the MRR. In this paper, the evolutionary process of MRR distribution with the change of surface profile using two different polishing pad is studied, it is found that MRR varies gradually with the change of surface profile and tends to be uniform finally. Based on the analysis of contact pressure considering the actual surface profile of workpiece and modified Preston equation, the distribution of MRR is analyzed. It is found that the Preston coefficient distribution on workpiece surface is stable when the surface profile variation is small and shows obvious differences from the center to the edge of the workpiece. Through the comparison it is found that correlation between the regularities of Preston coefficient distribution and the type of polishing pad is significant. The research results in this paper will play an important guiding role in the quantitative prediction method research of polishing process.
Wear Mechanism of Diamond Tool against Mold Steel in Single Point Diamond by Molecular Dynamics
Authors: Xie Fei , Jin Zhu Ji , Guo Xiao Guang , Shi Shuang Ji
Published: September 2016

Owing to the extremely rapid tool wear, ultra-precision manufacturing of mold steel through single point diamond turning (SPDT) operation becomes a challenging task. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation is an appropriate tool to study nanoscale processes occurring at the femtosecond/picosecond timescale. The wear mechanism of the diamond tool is discussed by means of molecular dynamics in which atomic position variation, temperature fluctuations were involved. According to the analysis results, iron atoms have unpaired d electrons, these iron atoms may connect with diamond carbon atoms through chemical bonds which are the driving force to the diamond removal and making diamond convert into graphite. The simulation results demonstrated that, it is possible to mitigate the wear of diamond tools effectively, if those bindings between unpaired d electrons and diamond carbon atoms of the tool can be under control.
Synthesis of AlN Particles by Microwave-Assisted Urea Route
Authors: Ahn Jong Bin , Kim Dong Soo , Kim Young Kook , Lee Jung Goo
Published: September 2016

Novel simple route to prepare AlN nanoparticles was proposed in this study. Aluminum nitride powder was synthesized by microwave-assisted urea route. Aluminum chloride was dissolved in ethanol and urea was added to this solution considering molar concentration with Aluminum chloride. The solution was heated under microwave (MW) irradiation from 60°C to 80°C for 5-10 minutes. And then heat treatment was performed in N2 atmosphere with various temperatures and time to obtain AlN particles. While microwave was irradiated to the mixed solution with Aluminum chloride, urea and ethanol, the solvent was eliminated and polymerization reaction was accelerated to formmetal-organic complex. AlN particles were successfully synthesized after heat treatment above 1600°C under N2 or N2-H2 mixed gas atmosphere in the molar ratio (urea/Aluminum chloride) of 6.
An Innovative Compression Mold Design for Manufacture of Reel Mower Helical Blades
Authors: Tan Chung Ming , Lin Gin Yei
Published: September 2016

This research is focused on the helical blades used in the reel mower machine which uses 5 to 10 helical blades. These blades are normally manufactured using the roll forming process which has certain demerits. This research is done to develop a new process known as compression process for the manufacture of blades using computer aided engineering. To save cost, time as well as waste of material the computerized simulation process is being used. The design of the blade and the die for the compression and modification are done using software SolidWorks. Simulation is performed using software DEFORM-3D. The simulation result and the actual design are compared using software Geomagic. This study also shows the potential applications of computer aided engineering and its benefits in verifying and reinventing the part manufacturing process.
Research on Measurement Equipment for Moment of Inertia of Triple Torsion Bars Based on Torsion Pendulum
Authors: Wang De Min , Zhang Jian , Liu Jian , Zhu Tong , Shao Fang Chao , Zhong Lei
Published: September 2016

In order to increase the measuring range of the moment of inertia, a new measurement equipment with triple torsion bars based on torsion pendulum was designed. The equipment could switch the number of torsion bars from single to double or triple by inserting or extracting two movable pins and implement the function of three different measurement devices. The detailed deducing process for the measuring range of the moment of inertia at various measurement states was given. The results show that the measuring range of the measurement equipment has been significantly improved compared with other equipment using single torsion bar or double torsion bars and verify the effectiveness and practicability of the measurement equipment.