bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PROTAC-Databank: The Present Largest Integrated Resource of PROTACs, Enabling the Enhanced DeepPROTACs 2.0 for Degradation Prediction
Authors: Bai Fang , Tian Siyuan , Tang Yilin , Li Fenglei , Li Zhaoxuan
Published: September 2024

Proteolysis-targeting chimera(PROTAC), is an emerging therapeutic modality with the potential to treat disease-driven proteins that emerged in the new century . Since the first PROTAC drug, ARV-110, entered Phase II clinical trials in 2019, research in this field has surged. The growing body of data has created opportunities for developing artificial intelligence (AI) methods in PROTAC design. In this study, we present the largest PROTAC database to date, named as PROTAC-Databank. Each molecule in the database is labeled with manually reviewed and uniformly formatted degradation efficiency data and protein-ligand complex structure information, providing a valuable resource for AI-driven PROTAC modeling or design. Additionally, we have enhanced the prediction accuracy of the DeepPROTACs, a widely used tool for predicting PROTAC degradation efficiency developed by our group two years ago. The update version, DeepPROTACs 2.0, which is developed based on a complete new deep learning framework. Compared with the previous version, DeepPROTACs 2.0 shows a significant improvement in prediction accuracy, increasing from 77.15% to 83.45%. The introduction of PROTAC-Databank and DeepPROTACs 2.0 offers optimized tools for PROTAC design, streamlining the screening process and reducing both time and costs.
Money transfer and monetary well-being of beneficiaries: What is the role of mobile money in the fight against poverty in Côte d’Ivoire?
Authors: Mamadou Coulibaly , Konan Kouakou Auguste
Published: September 2024

The poverty rate in Côte d’Ivoire is decreasingwith difficulty. Currently, 36.1% of Ivorians live below the poverty line. Moreover, social policies based on money transfers and person-to-person transfers have increased with the advent of mobile currency. This study explored the role that mobile money can play in poverty reduction policies in Côte d’Ivoire. We analyze the factors that influence this phenomenon. To do this, our methodology is based on recursive bivariate and logit estimates with a threshold effect on survey data of 1,536 people in Abidjan collected through our own care. The results show that for an individual to be able to escapemonetary poverty, he must receive a money transfer of 14,000 FCFA per month, which translates into a poverty reduction of 2.1% on average per year. The use of mobile money reduces the poverty of beneficiaries of money transfer by 0.74%. Our results suggest that, under the Productive Social Safety Net Project, it would be more effective to increase the numberof transfers to poor households to 42,000 FCFA per quarter rather than 36,000 FCFA per quarter. while promoting the spread of mobile money services for money transfers between individuals, including by offering promotional offers for transfers of a minimum amount of 14,000 FCFA.
An Uncommon and Lethal Scenario: Neurogenic Pulmonary Edema, Impaired Left Ventricular Function, and Resistant Ventricular Fibrillation Following Grade 3 Subarachnoid Hemorrhage - a Unique Case Report.
Authors: NMM Risly , JF Sahana , Weerasinghe Dinesh , M Thilini
Published: September 2024

Background: Neurogenic pulmonary edema (NPE) is a rare but serious complication of acute brain injuries, including subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). The early recognition and management of NPE in the context of SAH are crucial for improving patient outcomes. This case report discusses a fatal presentation of SAH complicated by acute NPE, cardiovascular compromise, and fatal arrhythmia.
Case Presentation: A previously healthy 40-year-old woman was urgently transferred to the Emergency Treatment Unit at Anuradhapura Teaching Hospital after experiencing sudden loss of consciousness, generalized seizures, and severe respiratory distress. Initial assessment revealed a blocked airway due to frothy secretions, labored breathing with low oxygen saturation, and hemodynamic instability. Neurological examination indicated a Glasgow Coma Scale score of 7. Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) and imaging studies confirmed pulmonary edema, reduced cardiac ejection fraction, and a Grade IV subarachnoid hemorrhage according to the Fisher scale. Despite aggressive medical interventions, including intubation, ventilation, and inotropic support, the patient’s condition deteriorated, leading to ventricular fibrillation and, ultimately, her demise.
Discussion: The case highlights the importance of early identification and prompt management of NPE in patients with SAH. The pathophysiology of NPE involves complex interactions between neurogenic, hemodynamic, and inflammatory factors, which can lead to rapid clinical decline. ECG changes, such as widespread ST-segment depression, may serve as early indicators of acute pulmonary complications in SAH patients. Multidisciplinary collaboration, standardized treatment protocols, and continuous quality improvement initiatives are recommended to enhance the management of similar cases.
Conclusion: This case underscores the critical need for heightened awareness and early intervention in the management of NPE associated with SAH. Timely, coordinated care may improve outcomes and reduce mortality in patients with this challenging clinical presentation.
Analysis of Gross Alpha, Gross Beta Activity, Heavy Metal Concentrations, and Cancer Risk Assessment in IspartaDrinking Tap Water
Authors: MANAV Ramazan
Published: September 2024

In this study, tap water samples were collected from different locations in the city center of Isparta. Gross alpha and gross beta activity concentrations were determined according to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) protocol. The annual effective dose and lifetime cancer risk were calculated. The gross alpha activity concentrations ranged from 37 mBq/L to 136 mBq/L, and the gross beta activity ranged from 111 mBq/L to 181 mBq/L. These values are below the World Health Organization (WHO) limits of 500 mBq/L for alpha and 1000 mBq/L for beta activities. The lifetime cancer risk assessment for adults, based on these concentrations, ranged from 0.59x10-4 to 2.36x10-4 (mean 1.37x10-4), with the highest value being lower than the UNSCEAR standard of 0.29x10-3. Additionally, the concentrations of several heavy metals, including arsenic (As), barium (Ba), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), mercury (Hg), lead (Pb), selenium (Se), and thallium (Tl), were measured at 0.0016, 0.0417, 0.0002, 0.0027, 0.005, 0.0016, 0.0088, 0.0028, and 0.0043 ppm, respectively. The concentrations of As, Ba, Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, and Se were below the recommended limits of the WHO and EPA standards. However, the Hg and Tl concentrations were below the WHO limits but exceeded the EPA standards. The cancer risk assessment was performed based on the concentrations of As, Pb, Cd, and Cr using the EPA's cancer slope factors. The calculated hazard indices (HIs) for these heavy metals were lower than the EPA's critical level.
A desestatização da Codesa: Privatização de serviço público e hibridismo na exploração das atividades portuárias
Authors: De Mello Júnior Nilson Vieira Ferreira
Published: September 2024

O presente artigo tem o objetivo de examinar o processo de desestatização da Companhia Docas do Espírito Santo (Codesa), investigando as características que o tornam inédito no contexto de um amplo processo de privatizações e modernização do setor portuário brasileiro, iniciado nos anos 1990. Proceder-se-á neste sentido a uma investigação acerca do hibridismo de modelos de exploração que rege o setor, refletindo a ambiguidade conceitual presente na matriz constitucional e no marco legal infraconstitucional, em especial no que tange ao conceito de “serviço público” aplicado aos serviços portuários. O método a ser empregado é o de pesquisa básica, visando à melhor compreensão da matéria. A hipótese adotada é de que serviços portuários representam sempre serviços públicos, tendo em vista o grande interesse social envolvido, não importando o regime jurídico que lhes seja aplicado – arrendamento ou autorização. O leilão de transferência da Codesa à iniciativa privada acentua o hibridismo setorial e evidencia a ocorrência de prestação de serviço público em regime privado.
Novas tecnologias e o “direito à segurança”: Controle penal, segurança dos direitos e possibilidade de pensar as novas formas de punição no capitalismo de vigilância
Authors: Bebber Chamon Elisa , Boldt de Carvalho Raphael
Published: September 2024

O artigo busca explorar questões que envolvem o uso das novas tecnologias no direito penal, que recebem atenção sob a justificativa de serem eficientes e destituídas da falibilidade que pode apresentar o comportamento humano e garantirem alta eficácia da persecução penal, a ordem pública e a defesa da segurança pública. A pesquisa objetiva questionar o uso dessas novas tecnologias de forma acrítica, já que por vezes vem sendo utilizadas de maneira a violar direitos e garantias individuais, trazendo um panorama do funcionamento do sistema penal, orientado a garantir o “direito a segurança pública” em detrimento de considerar a segurança dos direitos individuais, conforme preconiza Baratta, e pretende relacionar o momento atual socioeconômico marcado pelo que Shoshana Zuboff denomina capitalismo de vigilância e as novas formas de punição que correspondem a tal período do capitalismo (tendo por base o que estudam Rusche e Kirchheimer). Isso porque, embora possam trazer vantagens ao Direito Penal, as tecnologias não deixam de ser mediadas por agentes que integram suas instituições, marcadamente racistas. Entendeu-se pela necessidade de, no primeiro capítulo, contextualizar o funcionamento do sistema criminal na atualidade e em seguida dedicar um capítulo ao debate sobre as novas tecnologias no Direito Penal, culminando no terceiro capítulo em que é exposto o debate sobre o capitalismo de vigilância. Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória, por meio de levantamento bibliográfico, que conclui pela imbricada relação entre novas formas de vigilância e punição propiciadas pelas novas tecnologias e o momento em que se vive o capitalismo de vigilância.
A Circadian Rhythm-related Signature to Predict Prognosis, Immune Infiltration, and Drug Response in Breast Cancer
Authors: Chu Mingyu , Huang Jing , Wang Qianyu , Fang Yaqun , Cui Dina , Jin Yucui
Published: September 2024

Purpose:

Circadian rhythm-related genes (CRRGs) play essential roles in cancer
occurrence and development. However, the prognostic significance of CRRGs in
breast cancer (BC) has not been fully elucidated. Our study aimed to develop a prognostic
gene signature based on CRRGs that can accurately and stably predict the prognosis
of BC.

Methods:

The transcriptome data and clinical information for BC patients were obtained
from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases.
A consensus unsupervised clustering analysis was carried out to investigate the roles
of CRRGs in BC. A CRRGs-related prognostic risk model was established by using logistic
least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression and univariate
Cox regression analyses. Kaplan-Meier (KM) curves analysis, time-dependent receptor
operation characteristics (ROC) curves analysis, and nomogram were plotted to
evaluate the predictive efficacy of the model. The relevance of risk score to the immune
cell infiltration, tumor burden mutation (TMB), and therapeutic response was assessed.

Results:

risk model comprising six CRRGs (SLC44A4, SLC16A6, TPRG1, FABP7,
GLYATL2, and FDCSP) was constructed and validated, demonstrating an effective predictor
for the prognosis of BC. The low-risk group displayed a higher expression of immune
checkpoint genes and a lower burden of tumor mutation. Additionally, drug sensitivity
analysis demonstrated that the prognostic signature may serve as a potential chemosensitivity
predictor.

Conclusion:

We established 6 CRRGs-related risk signatures for the prognosis of BC,
which is of great value in predicting the prognosis of patients with BC and guiding the
treatment for BC.
A Comprehensive Pan-Cancer Analysis Identified that TRIB3 was Associated with Immune Cell Infiltration and Poor Prognosis
Authors: Yu Ke Xun , Yuan Wei Jie , Li Jing , Wang Hui Zhen , Li Yong Xiang
Published: September 2024

Background:

Previous studies have demonstrated that TRIB3 plays a carcinogenic
role in tumor progression. However, the exploration of TRIB3 at the pan-cancer level has not
been reported.

Aims:

This study aimed to conduct a comprehensive pan-cancer analysis of TRIB3.

Objective:

We explored the expression pattern and functional mechanism of TRIB3 on the basis
of multiple databases.

Method:

We first explored the expression level of TRIB3 in the TCGA database. Then, the receiver
operation characteristic curve (ROC), Kaplan-Meier plotter, and Cox regression were used
to estimate the diagnostic and prognostic value of TRIB3, respectively. We also explored the
relationship between TRIB3 and the infiltration of tumor immune cells, as well as the expression
of immune checkpoint molecules. Gene enrichment and protein interaction network analysis
were carried out to identify possible carcinogenic molecular mechanisms and functional pathways.
Finally, we compared the non-promoter region methylation of TRIB3 in normal and tumor
tissues and explored potential systems with unique functions in TRIB3-mediated tumorigenesis.

Result:

The expression level of TRIB3 was elevated in multiple tumor types, and the high expression
of TRIB3 was associated with poor prognosis. TRIB3 had a higher frequency of genetic
changes in several tumors and showed varying trends in TRIB3 methylation levels. Additionally,
high expression of TRIB3 was also associated with infiltration of cancer-related fibroblasts and
different types of immune cells and was positively correlated with the expression of immune
checkpoint molecules. Furthermore, gene enrichment analysis suggested that TRIB3 may play a
role in the malignant progression of cancer by participating in protein post-translational modifications
and activating transcription initiation factors.

Conclusion:

Our pan-cancer analysis provided the potential carcinogenic role of TRIB3 in tumors
and verified a promising target for clinical immune treatment.
Emerging Nanotechnology Involved in Skin Cancer: Pathogenesis, Biomarkers, Ethosomal Formulation and Future Perspective
Authors: Kahlon Milan Singh , kamal Raj , Kumar Amit , Awasthi Ankit , Kumar Manish
Published: September 2024

Skin cancer, which comprises both melanoma and non-melanoma forms, is frequently
diagnosed as the predominant malignancy among today’s population. Existing treatments are
often prolonged and complex, have a low rate of success, and have side effects. This complexity
leads to poor patient adherence and increases the risk of disease recurrence. Ethosomes, extensively
studied for their applications in topical and transdermal therapies, are distinguished by
their high ethanol content, which facilitates enhanced skin penetration and efficient drug delivery.
Compared to traditional liposomes, ethosomes offer notable advantages due to their unique
composition, demonstrating potential efficacy in treating various skin conditions, including basal
cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and melanoma. The present review provides a
brief introduction to skin melanoma and its pathogenesis, signalling pathways, biomarkers, the
need for ethogel-based drug delivery, applications of ethosomes against skin cancer, and clinical
trials.
COL12A1 Promotes Osteosarcoma Progression via the
FAK/PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway
Authors: Zhang Yun-Pu , Wang Hai-xia , Gao Zhi-chao , Xu Li-zhe , Fu Yu
Published: September 2024

Background:

Osteosarcoma (OS) is a common malignancy among
adolescents and children, characterized by a high propensity for metastasis and
resistance to chemotherapy.

Aims:

This study aimed to investigate the role of COL12A1, a gene often
overexpressed in various cancers and associated with poor prognosis, in the
progression of OS and explore the underlying mechanisms.

Methods:

The expression pattern and potential function of COL12A1 in OS were
evaluated using bioinformatics analyses, clinical sample examination, and OS cell
lines. Various assays, including transwell, CCK-8, flow cytometry, and wound healing,
were performed to assess the impact of COL12A1 on OS cell growth, cell cycle
progression, apoptosis, invasion, and migration. Western blot analysis was conducted
to investigate markers associated with the FAK/PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.

Results:

COL12A1 expression was significantly elevated in OS tissues and cells.
Upregulation of COL12A1 promoted cell growth, accelerated cell cycle progression,
and enhanced migration and invasion while inhibiting apoptosis. Conversely, the
knockdown of COL12A1 had the opposite effect. Additionally, COL12A1
overexpression increased the phosphorylation of components in the
FAK/PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. The FAK inhibitor Y15 mitigated the effects of
COL12A1 overexpression on cell apoptosis, invasion, proliferation, and the
FAK/PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in OS.

Conclusion:

Our findings indicated that COL12A1 enhanced OS development by
activating the FAK/PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, suggesting that COL12A1 could serve
as a valuable biomarker for the prediction and identification of OS patients.
Role of Circadian Rhythm Changes on Functional Dependence Despite
Successful Repercussion in Patients with Endovascular Treatment
Authors: Zhang Mengke , Wang Xian , Chen Xi , Xu Jiali , Guo Wenting , Ren Changhong , Li Sijie , Zhao Wenbo , Wu Chuanjie , Ji Xunming
Published: September 2024

Background:

Increasing evidence of circadian biology may influence the physiopathologic
mechanism, progression, and recovery of stroke. However, few data have shown about circadian
rhythm on futile recanalization (FR) in patients treated with endovascular treatment (EVT).

Methods:

From 2017 to 2021, an observational cohort of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients
with large vessel occlusion (LVO) underwent EVT was conducted. FR was defined as the failure
to achieve functional independence in patients at 90 days after EVT, although the occluded vessels
reached a recanalization. The effect of circadian rhythm on FR was investigated using the logistic
regression model.

Results:

Of 783 patients, there were 149 patients who had stroke onset between 23:00-6:59, 318
patients between 7:00-14:59, and 316 patients between 15:00-22:59. Patients suffered from stroke
during 15:00-22:59 had shorter OTP (p =0.001) time, shorter OTR (p<0.001) time, higher rate of
intravenous thrombolysis (p =0.001) than groups of other time intervals. The rate of FR post-EVT
in patients who had a stroke between 15:00-22:59 was significantly higher than in those with
stroke onset between 23:00-6:59 (p =0.017). After adjusting for confounding factors, the time of
stroke occurring during 15:00-22:59 (adjusted OR [aOR], 1.652; 95%CI, 1.024-2.666, p =0.04)
was an independent predictor of FR.

Conclusion:

Circadian rhythm can directly or indirectly affect the occurrence, development, and
prognosis of AIS. More studies may be needed in the future to validate the results of our study and
to explore the potential mechanisms behind the effects of circadian rhythms on FR.
Using Entropy as the Convergence Criteria of Ant Colony Optimization and the Application at Gene Chip Data Analysis
Authors: Gao Chonghao , Pang Xinping , Wang Chongbao , Huang Jingyue , Liu Hui , Zhu Chengjiang , Jin Kunpei , Li Weiqi , Zheng Pengtao , Zeng Zihang , Wei Yanyu , Pang Chaoyang
Published: September 2024

Introduction:

When Ant Colony Optimization algorithm (ACO) is adept at identifying
the shortest path, the temporary solution is uncertain during the iterative process. All temporary
solutions form a solution set.

Methods:

Where each solution is random. That is, the solution set has entropy. When the solution
tends to be stable, the entropy also converges to a fixed value. Therefore, it was proposed in this
paper that apply entropy as a convergence criterion of ACO. The advantage of the proposed criterion
is that it approximates the optimal convergence time of the algorithm.

Results:

In order to prove the superiority of the entropy convergence criterion, it was used to cluster
gene chip data, which were sampled from patients of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). The clustering
algorithm is compared with six typical clustering algorithms. The comparison shows that the
ACO using entropy as a convergence criterion is of good quality.

Conclusion:

At the same time, applying the presented algorithm, we analyzed the clustering characteristics
of genes related to energy metabolism and found that as AD occurs, the entropy of the
energy metabolism system decreases; that is, the system disorder decreases significantly.
Disease-Modifying Symptomatic Treatment (DMST) Potential of Cannabinoids in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Bruno Antonio , Annovazzi Pietro , Clerico Marinella , Cocco Eleonora , Conte Antonella , Marfia Girolama Alessandra , Salvetti Marco , Tomassini Valentina , Clerici Valentina Torri , Totaro Rocco , Dolcetti Ettore , Centonze Diego
Published: September 2024

With the recent introduction of a number of highly effective disease-modifying treatments
(DMTs) and the resulting almost complete prevention of acute relapses in many patients with multiple
sclerosis (MS), the interest of MS clinicians has gradually shifted from relapse prevention to
counteraction of disease progression and the treatment of residual symptoms. Targeting the cannabinoid
system with nabiximols is an approved and effective strategy for the treatment of spasticity
secondary to MS. Recently, the concept of spasticity plus syndrome (SPS) was introduced to account
for the evidence that spasticity often appears in MS patients in clusters with other symptoms (such as
pain, bladder dysfunction, sleep, and mood disorders), where cannabinoids can also be effective due
to their broader action on many immune and neuronal functions. Interestingly, outside these symptomatic
benefits, extensive pre-clinical and clinical research indicated how the modulation of the
cannabinoid system results in significant anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects, all potentially
relevant for MS disease control. This evidence makes nabiximols a potential disease modifying
symptomatic treatment (DMST), a concept introduced in an attempt to overcome the often artificial
distinction between DMTs and symptomatic therapies (STs).
What is the Link between Lung Involvement and Anti-CCP Antibodies in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: El-Kasmi Hind , Harzy Taoufik , Akasbi Nessrine
Published: September 2024

Background:

In Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), pulmonary involvement is one of the most
frequent extra-articular manifestations. Several studies have demonstrated an association between
RA-related lung disease and the positivity of anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) antibodies.

Objective:

Our aim is to describe the frequency of pulmonary involvement in the RA population
and investigate the association between anti-CCP antibodies and diverse lung compartment involvement in RA patients.

Methods:

An observational retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted, during which data
were collected from the medical records of the patients with RA who had been tested for anti-CCP
antibodies and had thoracic high resolution computerized tomography (HRCT) evaluation from
January 2011 to March 2022. The univariate and multivariate analyses using logistic regression
models was performed to calculate odds ratios (ORs) with 95% CIs.

Result:

A total of 390 patients with RA were included, the mean age of patients was 58.99 ±
12.44 years, with a predominance of females (85.9%). Two hundred and fifty-two (64.6%) patients were positive for anti-CCP antibodies. The frequency of RA-related lung diseases was
14.4% (n=56). The different manifestations observed in the thoracic HRCT included Nodules
(67.9%), Interstitial lung disease (ILD) (28.6%), bronchiectasis (25%), fibrosis (21.4%), obliterative bronchiolitis (7.1%), and pleuritis (1.8%). In univariate and multivariate analysis, pulmonary
involvement was associated with positive anti-CCP antibodies with an odds ratio (OR) of 5.25
(95% CI: 2.17-12.70, p < 0.0001).

Conclusion:

The study demonstrated a positive association between anti-CCP antibodies and pulmonary involvement in RA and highlighted the importance of tight monitoring in RA patients
with positive anti-CCP for pulmonary complications.
Investigating the Effects of Simultaneous Administration of Melatonin
and Atorvastatin against High Glucose-Induced Oxidative Stress and
Apoptosis in Cultured Chondrocytes
Authors: Mehrzadi Saeed , Safa Majid , Hosseinzadeh Azam
Published: September 2024

Objective:

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent joint disorder categorized into phenotypic
subtypes, including those associated with age, traumatic events, and metabolic syndrome. In the
aging population, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and osteoarthritis (OA) frequently coexist.
This can result in higher rates of disability and a greater financial burden. This study aimed to investigate
the protective effects of melatonin and atorvastatin together against oxidative stress and
apoptosis induced by high glucose in C28I2 human chondrocytes.

Material and Methods:

After being pretreated for 6 hours with melatonin (10 and 100 μM) and
atorvastatin (0.01 and 0.1 μM), C28I2 cells were exposed to a high concentration of D-glucose (75
mM) for 72 hours. The impact of a high D-glucose concentration (75 mM), with or without melatonin
and/or atorvastatin, on cell viability, intra-cellular ROS generation, lipid peroxidation level,
antioxidant activities, and the expression of proteins, including Bax, Bcl-2, and caspase-3, was analyzed.

Results:

Melatonin and atorvastatin combination effectively inhibited high glucose-induced cytotoxicity,
ROS production, and MDA and mitochondrial membrane potential levels. The combination
of melatonin and atorvastatin was more successful in reducing ROS production compared to
each of the drugs alone. Melatonin, but not atorvastatin, reversed high glucose-induced alteration
in the catalase activity. Furthermore, the combination of melatonin and atorvastatin significantly
enhanced the ability of each medication to lower the expression of pro-apoptotic protein Bax.

Conclusion:

The combination of melatonin and atorvastatin exerted greater protective effects
against hyperglycemia-induced toxicity in chondrocytes.
TP53 Gene Polymorphism (Rs1042522) in Rheumatoid Arthritis and
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: An Updated Systematic Review and
Meta-Analysis
Authors: Ebrahimiyan Hamidreza , Madreseh Elham , Akhtari Maryam , Farhadi Elham , Jamshidi Ahmadreza , Mahmoudi Mahdi
Published: September 2024

Background:

The p53 protein has important roles in apoptosis, proliferation, and prevention
of DNA damage. Several studies have reported that TP53 gene polymorphism is associated
with various autoimmune diseases, including Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and Systemic lupus
erythematosus (SLE).

Objective:

Evaluation of the correlation between TP53 gene rs1042522 polymorphism and RA
and SLE risk by meta-analysis.

Methods:

Databases, including PubMed and Scopus, were searched to find studies assessing the
association between TP53 gene polymorphism and RA and SLE risk in different populations up to
August 2022. The protocol of this article was registered on the International Prospective Register
Of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO number: CRD42022309655).

Results:

Herein, 7 case-control studies, including 2498 cases and 3799 controls in the SLE group,
and 6 case-control studies comprising 1593 cases and 4460 controls in the RA group that investigated
rs1042522 SNP were included in the meta-analysis. Herein, CG genotypes were more frequent
in healthy participants compared to SLE patients and may associated with a decreased SLE
risk (OR=0.85, CI: 0.76-0.95, P-value <0.006). Besides, dominant and recessive models of CC+
CG vs. GG were also protective for SLE risk (OR=0.85, CI: 0.76-0.95, P-value <0.004).

Conclusion:

In summary, this study discloses a weak correlation between rs1042522 and a decreased
risk of SLE. However, no significant association was found in RA.
Cost-effectiveness and Accuracy Analysis of Different Screening Strategies for COVID-19
Authors: Cheng Chih-Chien , Liu Chia-Chen , Liu Hao-Yu , Chou Yi-Chang , Yen Yung-Feng , Chiu Yi-Chun , Fann Li-Yun , Chou Chuan-Yi
Published: September 2024

Background:

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is mainly confirmed through reverse
transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), which is both expensive and time-consuming
and requires specific equipment. Thus, demand for rapid diagnostic methods, such as rapid
antigen detection (RAD) tests, has emerged. Here, we assessed the efficiency and reliability of
RAD for early diagnosis of COVID-19.

Methods:

We performed a retrospective study based on systemic COVID-19 screening and diagnosis
using RAD and RT-PCR at Taipei City Hospital during the first COVID-19 outbreak week
in Taiwan (28 May-6 June 2021). We postulated five strategies for COVID-19 screening in the
general population: one RAD test, one RT-PCR test, one RAD test (negative) followed by one
RT-PCR, one RAD test (positive) followed by one RT-PCR test, and two RAD tests and calculated
their cost and accuracy. We also conducted a cost-effectiveness analysis to identify the most
economically efficient strategy for COVID-19 diagnosis. This study included 6368 cases in total.

Results:

Although RAD exhibited low sensitivity (mean 66%), other values were acceptable:
mean specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy were 99%,
82.8%, 97.5%, and 94.2%, respectively. RAD was the most cost-effective method. Additionally,
it may be an effective diagnostic strategy in the later stages of the epidemic, warranting further research.

Conclusion:

Although RT-PCR remains the standard method for diagnosing COVID-19, RAD is
faster and a more cost-effective, convenient, and globally available method, allowing for early detection
of SARS-CoV-2.

conclusion:

We propose that RAD could be a fast and feasible method for diagnosing SARS-CoV-2 infection, allowing for early detection. Although RT-PCR remains the standard method for diagnosing SARS-CoV-2 infection, RAD is a more cost-effective, convenient, fast, and globally available method.
High-throughput Approaches to Detect Cytokines and Chemokines Secretion by Both Autophagy and Endosome Vesicle Fusion of HBMEC by Knocking Down the NLRP2 Gene
Authors: Feng Yingzhu , Huang Mengjun , Ma Dengke , Ou Kepeng , Qiu Juhui , Li Yong , Peng Zitian , Lei Jie , Chen Zhongzhu , Shao Jingwei , Desai Prashant , Zhu Heng , Wang Bochu
Published: September 2024

Background:

Given the rapid increase in serious infectious and inflammatory diseases in
the general population worldwide, it is vital to advance our understanding of the process of infection
and inflammation.

Objective:

These illnesses can be treated by diverse cytokines, chemokines, and chemical compounds,
but how to find and identify effective protein drugs is unknown. In this study, large–scale
analytical approaches, such as high–throughput chips with RNA-Seq that construct the protein regulatory
networks, were established.

Methods:

NLRP2:shRNA (1–3) and GFP: Control lentivirus were fabricated to infect Human Brain
Microvascular Endothelial Cells (HBMEC) to knock down NLRP2 gene that not only possesses biochemical
activity but also bio-mechanical properties. Once HBMEC was loaded on the
18mmX18mm circular soft cover slip, by knocking down NLRP2 gene processing and adding puromycin,
a large number of cytokines were secreted to activate both autophagy and endosome vesicle
signaling by KEGG pathway analysis, which was successfully detected by both ELISA approach and
QAH-Neu-1 chip. However, no secretion from GFP: Control was reported.

Results:

It was demonstrated that the NLRP2 gene was highly responsive to cytokines.
The protein regulatory network from RNA–Seq platform demonstrated that the secretion by knocking
down the NLRP2 gene was highly correlated with autophagy, endosome, multivesicular body,
phosphatidylinositol, and necrosis signalling pathway. Furthermore, most of the cytokines expressed
were found to be specific for intracellular vesicle–dependent secretion, leading to obvious cell swelling
and shedding, membrane protein dotting to nucleation, and actin dynamics. Interestingly, it was
also found that autophagy, together with endosome signalling, was collectively activated to boost
the secretion to cause a “cytokine storm”, which led to lipid phase separation.

Conclusion:

This study proposed high throughput approaches centered on the NLRP2 gene network
for many severe diseases, providing novel insight into biological pathways influencing infection and
inflammation (e.g., COVID-19/E.coli). They can be modulated as potential therapeutic targets and used
as biomarkers in the diagnosis and treatment of many diseases to promote human health. This increases
our interest in developing new leadless-peptides at the genomics and proteomics levels to obtain cytokines
and chemokines for micro-array constructions (VirD‒cytokines, VirD‒enzymes), antibody and
vaccine development for infections, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, atherosclerosis, non–alcoholic
fatty liver, auto-immune, neurodegenerative disorder, and even cancer-related disease therapy. They
have the most valuable applications in molecular diagnosis, protein marker discovery, and bio-therapy.
The Potential Role of Curcumin as a Regulator of microRNA in Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review
Authors: Salehi Amir Mohammad , Torogi Fatemeh , Jalilian Farid Azizi , Amini Razieh
Published: September 2024

Introduction:

Curcumin is known as a bioactive component that is found in the rhizomes
of Curcuma longa. Curcumin is well known for its chemo-preventive and anticancer properties.
However, its anticancer mechanism in colorectal cancer treatment is unclear, and some
studies have shown that many microRNAs (miRs) could be potential targets for curcumin in colorectal
cancer (CRC) treatment, so there is a need for their integration and clarification.

Methods:

We systematically searched international databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and
Web of Science, until July 2021 by using some relevant keywords.

Results:

The search resulted in 87 papers, among which there were 18 related articles. Curcumin
was found to cause the upregulation of miR-497, miR-200c, miR-200b, miR-409-3p, miR‐34,
miR‐126, miR-145, miR-206, miR-491, miR-141, miR-429, miR-101, and miR-15a and the
downregulation of miR-21, miR-155, miR‐221, miR‐222, miR-17-5p, miR-130a, miR-27, and
miR-20a.

Conclusion:

The present review study suggests that curcumin may be useful as a novel therapeutic
agent for CRC by altering the expression level of miRs.
A scoping review of technologies and outcome measures used in the implementation of virtual home-based hospital services for acute and subacute patients (Preprint)
Authors: Neylon Kim Veronika , Forsythe Deborah , Marlow Nicholas , Corsini Nadia , Bourke Alice , Every Alice , Forward John , Sharplin Greg , Eckert Marion
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND

Virtual home-based hospital services can provide high quality healthcare services while reducing the burden on hospitals through early discharge or prevention of admission. However, there is a gap in research around the technologies being deployed by these services, and how implementation, patient and service outcomes are being evaluated.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this review is to provide an overview of the use of technology and key evidence for current home-based virtual care programs and the outcomes that have been used to measure their effectiveness and implementation.

METHODS

A scoping review was conducted based on the Joanna Briggs Institute framework for conducting a scoping review. CINAHL, Scopus, Medline, Embase, Emcare, and the Cochrane Library databases were searched in consultation with an academic librarian.

RESULTS

From 8,953 search results, 24 unique acute or subacute virtual care services were identified from 26 studies. While 20.8% of services provided hospital-at-home care for multiple conditions, 79.2% provided virtual care services for specific conditions including post-surgical rehabilitation, moderate COVID-19 infections, acute exacerbations of chronic conditions, and subacute stroke care. The duration of patient monitoring ranged from one day to three months. Reporting of technology details was poor, with the devices, capacity, function, usability, and software application unstated in several articles.
Outcomes measured to evaluate the 24 services varied. Nine types of implementation outcomes, 11 types of service outcomes, and 12 types of patient outcomes were identified across the studies. However, the tools used to measure these outcomes varied greatly, and 48% of services did not use any standardised outcome measures for evaluation.

CONCLUSIONS

This review found that acute and subacute virtual care services mostly provide targeted subacute care for specific conditions. However, the technologies utilised by these services were underreported and there was wide variation in the types and methods of outcome evaluation to measure their success.
Protocol paper for CONNECT: An observational two-site study to examine potential implicit bias in oncologist-patient communication (Preprint)
Authors: Duck Veronica , Augustin Marsha , Morillo Jose , Alkon Aviel , Thomas Robert , Pollak Kathryn , Smith Cardinale
Published: September 2024

UNSTRUCTURED

Compared to White patients, minoritized patients (characterized as Black and Hispanic) have a higher incidence of advanced solid cancers and also have higher mortality.1,2 These patients also report poor patient-centered communication and worse pain assessment and management. Although many factors contribute to these disparities, physician implicit bias might be a contributor.3 The primary goal of this study is to evaluate the role of implicit bias among oncologists and examine the impact racial/ethnic differences in objective assessments of communication with minorities with advanced cancer. To accomplish this, we are recruiting 65 oncologists and 325 patients (5 patients per oncologist) with advanced solid cancer from ambulatory cancer clinics within the diverse settings of the Mount Sinai Health System in New York City and the Duke University Health System in Durham, NC. We will audio record patient-oncologist encounters during a post-imaging visit over three encounters. In this paper, we outline methods, describe the development of the codebook used to assess primary and secondary outcomes, and discuss challenges and lessons learned throughout the study.
A recovery-oriented suicide prevention program led by peer specialists for veterans with serious mental illness: A protocol paper (Preprint)
Authors: Chalker Samantha , Carter Jillian , Imai Yuki , Depp Colin , Chinman Matthew
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND

Veterans diagnosed with serious mental illness (SMI) (e.g., bipolar disorder or schizophrenia), experience significantly elevated suicide risk compared to their peers without SMI. This group may also experience cognitive and functional impairments that complicate current suicide prevention standards of care.

OBJECTIVE

Therefore, we detail a pilot trial protocol evaluating a novel suicide-focused SMI-tailored program called SUicide Prevention by Peers Offering Recovery Tactics (SUPPORT).

METHODS

Employing a community-engagement development approach with peer specialists, veterans with SMI, and scientific experts, the SUPPORT program includes foundational training for peer specialists to deliver a recovery-oriented peer-led intervention for veterans with SMI that includes recovery (e.g., hope instillation, goal setting) and cognitive strategies (e.g., reminders to increase salience and recall of intervention materials). Aim 1 is to refine curriculum topics and skills, ensure treatment and trial protocol relevance, and enhance peer specialist training for fidelity and safety monitoring. As part of the refinement process, n=15 veterans with SMI will receive SUPPORT in an open trial and SUPPORT will be adapted based on initial findings. Aim 2 is then to complete a pilot randomized control trial with n=50 veterans, comparing SUPPORT to enhanced standard care, evaluating feasibility and acceptability of SUPPORT as well as the preliminary impact on SUPPORT compared to enhanced standard care on primary outcomes of personal recovery, suicide ideation severity, and domains of veteran functioning.

RESULTS

This trial was funded as of November 2022. Data collection for Aim 1 began in November 2023.

CONCLUSIONS

By combining training for peer specialists with a novel recovery-oriented suicide prevention intervention, SUPPORT helps establish a role for peer specialists in suicide prevention and addressing suicide in veterans with SMI.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05537376; https://classic.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05537376.
Digital capability, open-source use, and interoperability standards within the NHS in England: A survey of healthcare trusts (Preprint)
Authors: Bennion Matthew Russell , Spencer Ross , Moore Roger K , Kenyon Richard
Published: September 2024

UNSTRUCTURED

Abstract

Objective
To document the capabilities and technologies used in the NHS to develop digital.

Design
The study was conducted using Freedom of Information (FOI) requests and systematic website searches.

Data sources
Data were collected via FOI requests to NHS trusts between July 2020 and July 2021. Technology searches were conducted between August 2020 and July 2021.
Data collection/extraction methods
Data were compiled from responses to the FOI request and technology websites.

Results
A total of 191 (84.5%) of the then 226 NHS trusts completed the FOI request and 161 of the 191 (84%) had software/app development, website, innovation teams. One hundred and twelve (70%) teams developed front facing service user websites/apps. One hundred and fifty (93%) worked with clinical staff to formulate innovative ideas. Fifty-five (34%) carried out developments for other trusts and external entities. Thirty-five (22%) had attempted to secure an innovation grant. One-Hundred and thirty-eight (86%) disclosed the technologies they use. A total of 84 technologies were identified: 28 programming languages, 19 frameworks, 10 libraries, 11 databases, 7 interoperability standards, 5 application programming interfaces / web services and 4 continuous integration / continuous deployment platforms. Twenty-five (16%) said they always used open-source technology and 9 (6%) said they used it sometimes. Twenty-four (15%) disclosed technologies referred to interoperability standards in their responses.

Conclusions
The NHS must adopt a cohesive strategy and refine policies to ensure the success of its digital, open-source technology, and interoperability standards initiatives.
 
Summary
What is already known on this topic?
• Research findings have shown that NHS trusts and social care providers still lack digital maturity.

What does this study add?
• The study provides a comprehensive list of technologies used in National Health Service (NHS) trusts in England. It identifies that NHS trusts are highly capable of digital innovation but are not equally adopting open-source technologies.

How this study might affect research, practice or policy
• This study could help to guide digital policy regarding innovation and the use of open source within the NHS.
Review on Effect of various feed additives on Pig production performance
Authors: Kumar Lalit , Vikas Vikas , Devi Dr Asem Ameeta , Khadse Phalguni N. , Zuyie Dr. Razouneinuo , Palriya Paramveer , Sangtam Tsarila Z.T. , Sanjay Sanjay
Published: September 2024

This review provides an exhaustive examination of the efficacy and mechanisms of action of various feed additives in pig diets, including acidifiers, essential oils, prebiotics, probiotics, and feed enzymes. The additives' impact on growth performance, gut health, and antibiotic reduction is critically evaluated. The review elucidates the additives' mechanisms of action, encompassing antimicrobial activity, immune modulation, and nutrient digestion enhancement. A meta-analysis of the additives' effects on growth performance metrics, including average daily gain and gain-to-feed ratio, is presented. The review highlights the necessity for further research to optimize additive usage and elucidate their effects on pig production. Additionally, the importance of tailoring diets to meet the specific needs of young pigs and promoting gut health and development is emphasized. This comprehensive review synthesizes the current state of knowledge on feed additives in pig diets, providing valuable insights for researchers, producers, and industry stakeholders.
The Multilingual Dynamics of Cameroon: Exploring the Influence of Mother Tongue
Authors: Achanga Nkelaka Jeanne , E. Domche Teko
Published: September 2024

Cameroon, a central African country, is known for its linguistic diversity, with over 284 languages spoken within its borders. The mother tongue plays a crucial role in preserving cultural heritage and promoting identity, as it serves as a carrier of traditions, customs, and values. Speaking one's mother tongue allows for deeper connection to emotions and thoughts, leading to stronger self-expression. However, the country's official languages, English and French, can sometimes overshadow local languages, posing challenges. Despite these challenges, preserving the mother tongue is essential for national unity and promoting effective communication. Governments and educational institutions can support local languages by allocating resources, creating policies for inclusion, and encouraging language maintenance and revitalization efforts. This approach fosters unity and celebrates the unique linguistic fabric of Cameroon, allowing the country to continue to prosper and maintain cultural vibrancy.
Analysis of Hydraulic Characteristics of Vertical Seam Fishway
Authors: Pei Xuanming , Cao Yanmin
Published: September 2024

Vertical seam fishway is a kind of efficient crossing channel to meet the migratory needs of fishes. It has the characteristics of simple structure, strong ability to adapt to water level changes and good energy dissipation effect. It is also the most common crossing engineering facilities at present. The facility simulates the environment of a natural waterway, providing a safe path for fish and guiding fish to their destination, thus reducing the impact of water conservancy projects on the ecological environment. Its hydraulic characteristics have an important influence on the smooth migration of fish. Through research related literature, this paper briefly introduces the development of vertical tunnel in home and abroad and development status, organize and analyzes the vertical tunnel research method and research progress, and discusses the development trend of the future, in order to optimize the structure of tunnel design and ensure the efficiency of fish facilities.
Podhans: podcast de comunicação pública sobre hanseníase produzido a partir da escuta dos usuários do SUS
Authors: Lima Fernanda Cassiano de , de Oliveira-Costa Mariella Silva , Marques Fernandes Maria Fernanda
Published: September 2024

O estudo descreve e analisa a produção de um podcast de comunicação em saúde com base na ‘Caderneta de Saúde da Pessoa Acometida pela Hanseníase’, produzida pelo Ministério da Saúde, em 2020. Em pesquisa que analisou a percepção de usuários atendidos em um ambulatório público especializado, observou-se que parte deles não conseguia ler e interpretar o texto impresso. As dificuldades percebidas motivaram a adaptação do conteúdo e, assim, surgiu o podcast Podhans. Com linguagem acessível e descontraída, os 16 episódios exploram temas úteis sobre o cotidiano da pessoa com hanseníase e sobre a doença, criados a partir da escuta dos usuários, contemplando princípios de comunicação pública. Disponível online, pode ser utilizado nos serviços do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) e pelos movimentos sociais, ampliando o acesso à informação e comunicação em saúde sobre a hanseníase.