bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Demonstration of Open and Disaggregated ROADM Networks Based on Augmented OpenConfig Data Model and Node Controller
Authors: Dou Liang , Wang Lei , Chen Sai , Cheng Jingchi , Sun Zhao , Xia Ming , Zhang Huan , Xiao Li , Xu Jian , Yu Jiekui , Xie Chongjin
Published: March 2020

By augmenting OpenConfig data model of optical-wavelength-router, we demonstrate a ROADM network with disaggregated devices. Node level controller is implemented in our network management system with various operations on both degrees and media channels.
Demonstration of Alarm Correlation in Partially Disaggregated Optical Networks
Authors: Pham-Van Quan , López Victor , Lopez-de-Lerma Arturo Mayoral , Szwedowski Rafał , Mrówka Konrad , Auer Sebastian , Thieu Huu-Trung , Tran Quang-Huy , Verchere Dominique , Atkinson Gary , Autenrieth Achim , Neidlinger Stephan , Tancevski Lubo
Published: March 2020

We present and demonstrate the alarm correlation capability executed as an SDN application in an open, partially disaggregated multi-vendor optical network. This SDN application reconciles device alarms from Open Terminals with service alarms from an Open Line System controller to perform fault isolation, alarm correlation, and optical restoration.
Real-Time Optical Gain Monitoring for Coupled Core Multi-Core EDFA with Strong Inter-Core Crosstalk
Authors: Takeshita Hitoshi , Matsumoto Keiichi , Noguchi Hidemi
Published: March 2020

We have successfully confirmed the feasibility of real-time optical gain spectrum monitoring of CC-MC-EDFA with the standard deviation within 0.65 dB even if the optical power per core fluctuate due to the inter-core crosstalk.
Demonstration of 214Gbps per lane IM/DD PAM-4 transmission using O-band 35GHz-class EML with advanced MLSE and KP4-FEC
Authors: Wang Weiyu , Huang Zhilei , Pan Biwei , Li Huanlu , Li Guanpeng , Tang Jian , Lu Yuchun
Published: March 2020

A single-wavelength single-polarization 35GHz-class (112Gbps-class) commercial EML-based IM/DD 214Gbps PAM4 signal transmission is experimentally demonstrated. By using advanced MLSE with low complexity and power consumption, the BER is below standard KP4-FEC requirement of 2×10−4.
Flexible data rate THz-wave communication using Nyquist pulses and optical-domain reception signal processing
Authors: Takiguchi Koichi , Nishio Nozomu
Published: March 2020

We report variable capacity THz-wave communication using Nyquist pulses, which is realized by changing the channel number and optical-domain filtering of received signals. We carried out 10 to 40 Gsymbol/s communication in the 300 GHz-band.
Entropy and Symbol-rate Optimized 120 GBaud PS-36QAM Signal Transmission over 2400 km at Net-rate of 800 Gbps/λ
Authors: Nakamura Masanori , Kobayashi Takayuki , Yamazaki Hiroshi , Hamaoka Fukutaro , Nagatani Munehiko , Wakita Hitoshi , Nosaka Hideyuki , Miyamoto Yutaka
Published: March 2020

We apply symbol-rate and entropy optimization to over-100-GBaud PS-36QAM signal generation. It enables 800-Gbps/λ signal transmission over 2400 km in 125GHz-spaced WDM system by maximization of SNR margin from the required SNR at FEC limit.
Spectrally Efficient DP-1024QAM 640 Gb/s Long Haul Transmission using a Frequency Comb
Authors: Klejs Frederik , da Silva Edson P. , Lillieholm Mads , Yankov Metodi P. , Morioka Toshio , Oxenløwe Leif K. , Galili Michael
Published: March 2020

We experimentally investigate the long haul transmission of an 8 GBd DP-1024QAM over fully Raman amplified fiber spans using an optical frequency comb. We reach a potential spectral efficiency of 8.7 bit/s/Hz at 3000 km transmission and a potential data rate of 640 Gb/s.
Analysis of TDECQ Dependence on Skew and Extinction Ratio with 106-Gb/s PAM-4 modulation of Directly Modulated Submicron Ridge Localized Buried Heterostructure Lasers
Authors: Suga Kazuki , Nakahara Kouji , Okamoto Kaoru , Hayakawa Shigenori , Arasawa Masatoshi , Nishida Tetsuya , Washino Ryu , Kitatani Takeshi , Mitaki Masatoshi , Sakamoto Hironori , Sakuma Yasushi , Tanaka Shigehisa
Published: March 2020

The importance of high relaxation oscillation frequency to obtain superior 106-Gb/s PAM-4 waveforms was revealed for SR-LBH lasers. In addition, clear 56-Gb/s NRZ eye openings were first demonstrated up to 85°C using SR-LBH laser.
Variational Quantum Demodulation for Coherent Optical Multi-Dimensional QAM
Authors: Koike-Akino Toshiaki , Matsumine Toshiki , Wang Ye , Millar David S. , Kojima Keisuke , Parsons Kieran
Published: March 2020

We introduce a hybrid quantum-classical variational algorithms to realize quasi-ML decision of high-dimensional modulation (HDM) in fiber-optic communications, motivated by the recent advancement of quantum processors. Our Ising Hamiltonian model for demodulation is demonstrated on a real quantum processor.
Dual-SSB Modified Duobinary PAM4 Signal Transmission in a Direct Detection System without using Guard Band
Authors: Li Jingchi , An Shaohua , Li Xingfeng , Su Yikai
Published: March 2020

We experimentally demonstrate a single-carrier dual-SSB signal generation without guard band based on a low-cost DDMZM. A 112-Gb/s dual-SSB modified duobinary PAM4 signal is transmitted over 80-km SMF by using a MIMO linear equalizer.
Coherently Sub-Grouped µDC-Pod and -Interconnect with Analogue EML Transceivers Operated in TDMA
Authors: Schrenk Bernhard , Vokić Nemanja , Milovančev Dinka , Bakopoulos Paraskevas , Karinou Fotini
Published: March 2020

We exploit an IM/DD transmitter as coherent receiver for filterless micro-datacenter pods and their interconnect. A transistor-outline EML performs coherent homodyne reception under a 240kHz TDMA frame with 139ns guard interval between free-running transmitters.
Design of Flexible Fronthaul Featuring Per-UE Granularity and RU-level Puncturing for URLLC Applications
Authors: Alfadhli Yahya , Yao Shuang , Omar Muhammad S. , Su Shang-Jen , Shen Shuyi , Zhang Rui , Chen You-Wei , Peng Peng-Chun , Chang Gee-Kung
Published: March 2020

We propose and experimentally verify a fine-grained, Per-UE, flexible fronthaul where different applications are transported over different function splits (i.e., URLLC over A-RoF-based fronthaul, Option-9, and other traffic over Option-7), exploiting two RU-level puncturing methods.
Robust Convolutional Neural Network Model for Wavelength Detection in Overlapping Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor Network
Authors: Li Baocheng , Tan Zhi-Wei , Shum Perry Ping , Hu Dora Juan Juan , Wang Chenlu , Zheng Yu , Shuhui Liu
Published: March 2020

We have designed a CNN model to detect Bragg wavelengths in overlapping spectra. The mean RMS error of 0.123pm and mean testing time of 12.4ms are achieved, which outperforms most of the existing techniques.
FPGA Implementation of Deep Neural Network Based Equalizers for High-Speed PON
Authors: Kaneda Noriaki , Zhu Ziyi , Chuang Chun-Yen , Mahadevan Amitkumar , Farah Bob , Bergman Keren , Van Veen Doutje , Houtsma Vincent
Published: March 2020

A fixed-point deep neural network-based equalizer is implemented in FPGA and is shown to outperform MLSE in receiver sensitivity for 50 Gb/s PON downstream link. Embedded parallelization is proposed and verified to reduce hardware resources.
Kerr Soliton Microcomb Pumped by an Integrated SBS Laser for Ultra-Low Linewidth WDM Sources
Authors: Harrington Mark W. , Brodnik Grant M. , Briles Travis C. , Stone Jordan R. , Streater Richelle H. , Papp Scott B. , Blumenthal Daniel J.
Published: March 2020

An ultra-low linewidth WDM comb is realized using an integrated SiN SBS laser to pump a 128 GHz channel spacing SiN Kerr soliton microring resonator. We measure the frequency noise of each of 25 C-band individual comb lines yielding ultra-low ~10Hz fundamental and ~4.0kHz integral linewidths for high-capacity coherent WDM.
Demonstration of 3±0.12 dB power splitting over 145 nm optical bandwidth in a 31-µm long 3-dB rapid adiabatic coupler
Authors: Fargas Cabanillas Josep M. , Zhang Bohan , Popović Miloš A.
Published: March 2020

We experimentally validate the rapid adiabatic coupling (RAC) concept and demonstrate 50±1.4% (3±0.12 dB) power splitting over a record 145 nm bandwidth from either port of a 31µm-long, 2×2 coupler, the widest ±1.4%-bandwidth by a factor of 4.
Ultra-broadband and Low-loss Polarization Beam Splitter on Silicon
Authors: Li Chenlei , Dai Daoxin , Bowers John E
Published: March 2020

We realized a polarization beam splitter with low loss of <1 dB and high extinction ratio of >20 dB in an ultra-broad bandwidth from 1400nm to 1700nm using a pair of cascaded dual-core adiabatic tapers.
IEEE 50 Gb/s EPON (50G-EPON)
Authors: Knittle Curtis
Published: March 2020

Much has transpired over the past several years for passive optical network (PON) technology. The era of higher speed PON will soon be upon us as the IEEE 802.3ca Task Force puts the finishing touches on the standard for 25 Gb/s PON and 50 Gb/s PON. This paper discusses the next generation of IEEE optical access, the 50 Gb/s Ethernet Passive Optical Network (50G-EPON), capable of symmetric or asymmetric rates up to 50 Gb/s while coexisting with legacy PON technologies on the same optical distribution network.
The Impact of Transmitter Chirp Parameter on the Power Penalty and Design of 50 Gbit/s TDM-PON
Authors: Borkowski Robert , Schmuck Harald , Cerulo Giancarlo , Provost Jean-Guy , Houtsma Vincent , van Veen Dora , Harstead Ed , Mallecot Franck , Bonk Réne
Published: March 2020

We study the impact of transmitter chirp parameter (effective α-factor) on the chromatic-dispersion-induced power penalty in 50-Gbit/s TDM-PON. We experimentally show interplay of chirp and dispersion using 50G-class integrated EML-SOA driven in distinct operating points.
Can You Trust AI-assisted Network Automation? A DRL-based Approach to Mislead the Automation in SD-IPoEONs
Authors: Wang Min , Liu Siqi , Zhu Zuqing
Published: March 2020

We study the vulnerability of artificial intelligence assisted network automation (AIaNA), and design a deep reinforcement learning (DRL) model to mislead the AIaNA in software-defined IP over elastic optical networks (SD-IPoEONs) through crafting/injecting adversarial traffic samples.
Staircase construction with non-systematic polar codes
Authors: Condo Carlo , Bioglio Valerio , Land Ingmar
Published: March 2020

We propose staircase codes based on non-systematic polar codes, describing a general framework for encoding and decoding, and presenting simulation results showing the effectiveness of the proposed approach even with short component codes.
Assembly and Characterization of a Multimode EDFA Using Digital Holography
Authors: Alvarado-Zacarias Juan Carlos , Fontaine Nicolas K. , Ryf Roland , Chen Haoshuo , van der Heide Sjoerd , Antonio-Lopez Jose Enrique , Wittek Steffen , Li Guifang , Okonkwo Chigo , Bigot-Astruc Marianne , Amezcua-Correa Adrian , Sillard Pierre , Amezcua-Correa Rodrigo
Published: March 2020

We present the assembly and characterization of a multimode EDFA supporting up to 45 modes using digital holography to measure the transfer matrix of the system at each step to obtain mode dependent loss and crosstalk characteristics of the amplifier.
Spectrum Sensing Applications of FWM-based Optical Cyclostationary Processor
Authors: Langston Jerrod , DeSalvo Richard , Ralph Stephen E.
Published: March 2020

We demonstrate a large instantaneous bandwidth optical cyclostationary processor that computes the spectral correlation function. Post-processing of experimentally measured SCFs is applied for waveform characterization, specifically baud rate and pulse-shaping roll-off estimation of QAM signals.
Optimized QAM Order with Probabilistic Shaping for the Nonlinear Underwater VLC Channel
Authors: Zou Peng , Hu Fangchen , Li Guoqiang , Chi Nan
Published: March 2020

We found the optimum QAM order with PS for the nonlinear UVLC channel is not the adjacent integer of entropy. Higher order QAM can outperform adjacent order for 80.57% in net transmission rate.
Multilayer Silicon Nitride-based Coupler Integrated into a Silicon Photonics Platform with <1 dB Coupling Loss to a Standard SMF over O, S, C and L optical bands
Authors: Tummidi Ravi S. , Webster Mark
Published: March 2020

We experimentally demonstrate <1 dB coupling loss over O,S,C and L optical bands for both polarizations between an integrated silicon photonics platform and butt-coupled standard single mode fiber.
Multicore Fiber Fabricated by Modified Cylinder Method
Authors: Takahashi Masanori , Maeda Koichi , Sugizaki Ryuichi , Tsukamoto Masayoshi
Published: March 2020

MCF made by modified cylinder method (MCM) is demonstrated. Optimized cylinder with single hole show potentials for cost reduction and higher productivity. Attenuation loss of the MCF made by MCM is 0.190dB/km at 1550nm.
Twining Plant Inspired Pneumatic Soft Robotic Spiral Gripper with High-Birefringence Fiber Optic Sensor
Authors: Yang Mei , Cooper Liam , Fok Mable P.
Published: March 2020

Twining plant-inspired pneumatic soft-robotic spiral gripper embedded with a high-birefringence fiber-optic sensor is designed and demonstrated. The fiber-optic sensor enables the spiral-gripper to sense the twining angle and target cylinder radius as small as 1mm.
Enabling the Scalability of Industrial Networks by Independent Scheduling Domains
Authors: Christodoulopoulos Konstantinos , Lautenschlaeger Wolfram , Frick Florian , Benzaoui Nihel , Henke Torben , Gebhard Ulrich , Dembeck Lars , Lechler Armin , Pointurier Yvan , Bigo Sébastien
Published: March 2020

We propose to extend the scalability of Time Sensitive industrial Networks, by partitioning them into time/scheduling domains and interconnect domain-devices through an optical backbone acting asynchronously to them. We show drastic scalability improvements and a proof of concept.
DeepCoop: Leveraging Cooperative DRL Agents to Achieve Scalable Network Automation for Multi-Domain SD-EONs
Authors: Li Baojia , Zhu Zuqing
Published: March 2020

We design DeepCoop to realize service provisioning in multi-domain software-defined elastic optical networks (SD-EONs) with cooperative deep reinforcement learning (DRL) agents.
Novel Low Cost PON Protection via Harvested Power
Authors: Parkin Neil , Rafel Albert
Published: March 2020

PON protection is costly due to the necessary redundant equipment. We describe a method utilising harvested optical power and show test results using commercial equipment, which prove protection could be provided at very low cost.
Comparison of PAM Formats for 200 Gb/s Short Reach Transmission Systems
Authors: Wettlin Tom , Rahman Talha , Wei Jinlong , Calabrò Stefano , Stojanovic Nebojsa , Pachnicke Stephan
Published: March 2020

We compared the performance of PAM4, PAM6 and PAM8 experimentally at 224/225 Gb/s using different DSP schemes including Tomlinson-Harashima precoding (THP). PAM6 shows the best overall performance. For PAM4 THP shows a large gain.
Coherent Self-superposition aided SSB Nyquist 16QAM Synthesis from Twin-SSB Nyquist QPSK with Reduced DAC Resolution Requirement
Authors: Lu Guo-Wei , Zhang Hong-Bo , Li Zhe
Published: March 2020

An FWM-based coherent self-superposition technique is proposed and demonstrated to synthesize 12.5-Gb/s SSB Nyquist 16QAM from Twin-SSB Nyquist QPSK, which effectively relaxes DAC resolution requirement. An equalization algorithm is also proposed for such approach’s detection.
High Power External Pluggable Laser Bank with Simultaneous Single Mode Optical & Electrical Connection
Authors: Xu Benbo , Li Rui , Li Yanbo , Song Xiaolu
Published: March 2020

We demonstrate a pluggable laser bank module with 8-channel single-mode optical output and a maximum power of 18.5 dBm per channel. The hot pluggable module supports sufficient link-budget for a 1.6 Tb/s silicon photonic chip.
Photonics-enabled 2Tx/2Rx coherent MIMO radar system experiment with enhanced cross range resolution
Authors: Maresca M. , Sanchez Jacome D. R. , Lembo L. , Scotti F. , Serafino G. , Malacarne A. , Rockstuhl C. , Ghelfi P. , Bogoni A.
Published: March 2020

Photonics enables a multi-target experiment of coherent MIMO radar. It confirms that coherence introduces almost one order of magnitude improvement in the cross-range resolution. Simulations demonstrates the coherent bi-band operation benefits on the system performance.
Four-Dimensional 8-bit Modulation with KP4 Non-binary FEC for Short-Reach Coherent Optical Transmissions
Authors: Zhang Liangjun , Chien Hung-Chang , Cai Yi , Wang Weiming , Zhou Weiqin , Hu Zihe
Published: March 2020

C4-256 four-dimensional 8-bit modulation with non-binary FEC is firstly proposed and demonstrated for coherent optical transmissions, which outperforms its PM-16QAM counterpart by 0.7-dB for required OSNR at 10-8 post-FEC BER.
Recent Progress in the Characterization of the G-SNR and the OSNR of Future SDM-based Subsea Open Cables
Authors: Meseguer A. Carbó , Plantady P. , Calsat A. , Dubost S. , Letellier V.
Published: March 2020

We characterized the G-SNR and the OSNR of an SDM-compatible submarine optical cable with different modulation formats and symbol rates up to 101 GBd, observing good agreement between all G-SNR measurements.
Progress in 100G Lambda MSA Based on 100G PAM4 Technology
Authors: Nowell Mark , Traverso Matt , Mazzini Marco , Lakshmikumar Kumar , Webster Mark , De Dobbelaere Peter
Published: March 2020

This talk will focus on the progress of the 100G Lambda MSA. Topics include: motivation in forming the group; market requirements for the technology; key technologies and results; and insights into next generation work.
Large-Scale Photonic Integrated Cross-Connects for Optical Communication and Computation
Authors: Stabile R. , Calabretta N. , Shi B.
Published: March 2020

An 8×8 InP cross-connect chip for optical switching within ROADMs is employed for demonstrating optical feed-forward neural networks for analog data processing. An all-optical approach is also explored for deeper optical neuromorphic computing on chip.
O-Band Strictly Non-Blocking 8 × 8 Silicon-Photonics Switch
Authors: Suzuki Keijiro , Konoike Ryotaro , Cong Guangwei , Yamada Koji , Namiki Shu , Kawashima Hitoshi , Ikeda Kazuhiro
Published: March 2020

We report a double Mach-Zehnder path-independent insertion-loss 8 × 8 switch operating in the O-band. The average on-chip loss was 5.4-dB, and the crosstalk was less than −30-dB in a wavelength range of 1290-1360 nm.
High-Speed and 16 λ-WDM Operation of Ge/Si Electro-Absorption Modulator for C-band Spectral Regime
Authors: Fujikata Junichi , Noguchi Masataka , Jeong Seok-Hwan , Onawa Yosuke , Shimura Daisuke , Kawashita Kazuki , Katamawari Riku , Okayama Hideaki , Takahashi Shigeki , Ono Hideki , Takahashi Hiroyuki , Yaegashi Hiroki , Ishikawa Yasuhiko , Nakamura Takahiro
Published: March 2020

We present high-speed of 100Gbps for PAM-4 signal and 16λ-WDM operations of a Ge/Si EAM in C-band. Operation wavelengths could be controlled by Ge/Si stack width, and 16λ operation was demonstrated at 50 Gbps.
How Uncertainty on the Fiber Span Lengths Influences QoT Estimation Using Machine Learning in WDM Networks
Authors: Pesic J. , Lonardi M. , Rossi N. , Zami T. , Seve E. , Pointurier Y.
Published: March 2020

We investigate how a machine learning-based QoT estimator performs depending on different features selections, on homogeneity of the learned light paths and on uncertainty of their span lengths using artificial database for the France43 network.
Maximizing Throughput via Vertical Optimization of the Coherent MODEM
Authors: Maher R. , Torbatian M. , Nguyen A. , Wang Z. , Koenig S. , Missey M. , Le Liepvre A. , Going R. , Wolf S. , Samra P. , Day P. , Tremblay S. , Ziari M. , Kish F. , Sanders S. , Kandappan P.
Published: March 2020

Vertical optimization of DSP algorithms, analog electronics, optical components and PCB design is critical to maximize the SNR limit of the digital coherent MODEM. We demonstrate a record net ISD of 10.82b/s/Hz for a vertically optimized 256QAM transceiver operating at a symbol rate >50GBd.
Vibration Sensing for Deployed Metropolitan Fiber Infrastructures
Authors: Di Luch Ilaria , Ferrario Maddalena , Rizzelli Giuseppe , Gaudino Roberto , Boffi Pierpaolo
Published: March 2020

A counter-propagating coherent vibration sensing approach is exploited in a 32km deployed fiber ring network, proving its feasibility in early detection of critical events that may damage and put out of service the optical infrastructure.
10.66 Peta-Bit/s Transmission over a 38-Core-Three-Mode Fiber
Authors: Rademacher Georg , Puttnam Benjamin J. , Luís Ruben S. , Sakaguchi Jun , Klaus Werner , Eriksson Tobias A. , Awaji Yoshinari , Hayashi Tetsuya , Nagashima Takuji , Nakanishi Tetsuya , Taru Toshiki , Takahata Taketoshi , Kobayashi Tetsuya , Furukawa Hideaki , Wada Naoya
Published: March 2020

We demonstrate transmission of 368-WDM-38-core-3-mode × 24.5-GBaud 64-and 256-QAM signals over 13 km. Record data-rate and spectral-efficiency of 1158.7 b/s/Hz were enabled by a low DMD 38-core-3-mode fiber with high uniformity amongst cores.
0.596 Pb/s S, C, L-Band Transmission in a 125µm Diameter 4-core Fiber Using a Single Wideband Comb Source
Authors: Puttnam Benjamin J. , Luís Ruben S. , Rademacher Georg , Galdino Lidia , Lavery Domaniç , Eriksson Tobias A. , Awaji Yoshinari , Furukawa Hideaki , Bayvel Polina , Wada Naoya
Published: March 2020

We demonstrate 596.4 Tb/s over a standard cladding diameter fiber with 4 single-mode cores, using a single wideband optical comb source to provide 25 GHz spaced carriers over 120 nm range across S, C and L bands.
First Experimental Demonstration of Cross-SDM/WDM Q-difference Compensation at Multicore Fiber Transmission
Authors: Takahashi Hidenori , Soma Daiki , Tsuritani Takehiro
Published: March 2020

The Q-difference compensation scheme among SDM/WDM signals is evaluated at 192-km 4-core-path MCF transmission line. The Q-difference is mitigated within 0.1 dB and the Q-factor of the worst quality signal is improved as 0.7 dB.
Modem Module Development for NASA’s Orion Spacecraft: Achieving FSO Communications Over Lunar Distances
Authors: Geisler David J.
Published: March 2020

NASA’s Orion spacecraft will employ free-space optical communications over 400,000-km from the lunar vicinity to Earth, using an 80-Mb/s downlink and a 20-Mb/s uplink. This paper discusses an overview of the link and optical modem.
Modeling and experiments for reliable operation of single-mode transceivers over multimode fiber
Authors: Castro Jose M. , Jia Fei , Pimpinella Rick J. , Huang Paul , Kose Bulent , Lane Brett
Published: March 2020

We define metrics to predict the transmission performance of SMF transceivers over MMF links at 40Gbps and 100Gbps based on simulation and experiments.
Tapered Self-Written Waveguide between Silicon Photonics Chip and Standard Single-Mode Fiber
Authors: Saito Yohei , Shikama Kota , Tsuchizawa Tai , Nishi Hidetaka , Aratake Atsushi , Sato Norio
Published: March 2020

The first self-written waveguide applied to silicon photonics with a spot-size converter using a SiON waveguide achieves low coupling loss and high alignment tolerance between a standard single-mode fiber and silicon photonics chip.
Ultra-Low Inter-Mode-Group Crosstalk Ring-Core Fiber Optimized Using Neural Networks and Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Shi Chumin , Shen Lei , Zhang Junwei , Liu Junyi , Zhang Lei , Luo Jie , Liu Jie , Yu Siyuan
Published: March 2020

We design and fabricate a ring-core fiber whose refractive-index profile is optimized using neural networks and genetic algorithm under fabrication constraints. Experimental results confirm ultra-low inter-mode-group crosstalk of <−55 dB/km.
Distortion-aware 2D soft decision for VCSEL-MMF optical PAM interconnection
Authors: Sun Lin , Du Jiangbing , Zhang Wenjia , Chi Nan , Lu Chao , He Zuyuan
Published: March 2020

A distortion-aware 2D soft decision method of PAM signals have been proposed for VCSEL-MMF interconnection system. Improvements and application potential have been experimentally investigated on a 112-Gbps optical PAM-4/8 system using a mul-timode VCSEL.
Rate-Flexible Single-Wavelength TFDM 100G Coherent PON based on Digital Subcarrier Multiplexing Technology
Authors: Zhang Junwen , Jia Zhensheng , Zhang Haipeng , Xu Mu , Zhu Jingjie , Alberto Luis
Published: March 2020

We propose a novel rate-flexible single-wavelength 100G time-and-frequency-division multiplexing coherent PON architecture based on digital subcarrier multiplexing technology. The architecture implementation with four subcarriers is demonstrated, achieving -38-dB sensitivity after 50-km fiber transmission.
High-Throughput Optical Circuit Switch for Intra-Datacenter Networks Based on Spatial Super-Channels
Authors: Honda Eiji , Mori Yojiro , Hasegawa Hiroshi , Sato Ken-ichi
Published: March 2020

We propose a novel optical circuit switch architecture based on spatial super-channels. We construct part of a 1,536×1,536 optical switch and its performance is experimentally confirmed. The total throughput of the switch reaches 2.1 Pbps.
Simultaneous Orthogonalizing and Shaping of Multiple LG Beams to Mitigate Crosstalk and Power Loss by Transmitting Each of Four Data Channels on Multiple Modes in a 400-Gbit/s Free-Space Link
Authors: Pang Kai , Song Haoqian , Su Xinzhou , Zou Kaiheng , Zhao Zhe , Song Hao , Almaiman Ahmed , Zhang Runzhou , Liu Cong , Hu Nanzhe , Zach Shlomo , Cohen Nadav , Lynn Brittany , Molisch Andreas F. , Boyd Robert W. , Tur Moshe , Willner Alan E.
Published: March 2020

We experimentally utilize orthogonal combinations of multiple Laguerre-Gaussian modes in a 400-Gbit/s free-space link with limited-size aperture or misalignment. Power loss and crosstalk could be reduced by up tô15 dB and ~40 dB, respectively.
Training-free feature extraction of BOTDA based on sparse representation
Authors: Tan Hongxiu , Xiang Yating , Wu Hao , Shen Li , Li Kangjie , Zhang Maoqi , Zhao Can , Gan Lin , Fu Songnian , Tang Ming
Published: March 2020

We propose a method based on sparse representation to extract amplitude, linewidth, and Brillouin frequency shift (BFS) in BOTDA using dictionary-learning algorithm without feedback and off-line training, which enables more accurate BFS measurements in real-time.
GOSNR Characterization by Optical Spectrum Analysis
Authors: He Gang , Searcy Steven , Gariépy Daniel , Tibuleac Sorin
Published: March 2020

We introduce a GOSNR measurement based on optical spectrum analysis and experimentally validate the method using multiple coherent signal types (34 and 69 Gbd, QPSK and 16QAM) over 8 and 12 spans LEAF transmission.
Towards all optical DCI networks
Authors: Khanna Ginni , Zhu Shengxiang , Filer Mark , Gkantsidis Christos , Parmigiani Francesca , Karagiannis Thomas
Published: March 2020

We propose and experimentally demonstrate an all-optical architecture for data center interconnect networks with reconfiguration times of a few seconds. Filtering and amplification transient effects have minimal impact on BER performance.
Switchable down-, up- and dual-chirp linearly frequency modulated signal generation utilizing a dual-polarization dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator
Authors: Li Peng , Yan Lianshan , Ye Jia , Zou Xihua , Luo Bin , Pan Wei
Published: March 2020

A photonic method to generate switchable down-, up- and dual-chirp linearly frequency-modulated (LFM) signals is proposed. Such signals with a carrier frequency of 5 GHz and a chirp rate of 1 GHz/4us are experimentally demonstrated.
Scalable and Fast Optical Circuit Switch Created with Silicon-Photonic Tunable-Filter-based Local Oscillator Bank and Colorless Coherent Detection
Authors: Matsumoto Ryosuke , Inoue Takashi , Konoike Ryotaro , Matsuura Hiroyuki , Suzuki Keijiro , Mori Yojiro , Ikeda Kazuhiro , Namiki Shu , Sato Ken-ichi
Published: March 2020

We propose a large-scale fast optical circuit switch created with Silicon-photonic tunable-filter-based LO bank and colorless coherent detection. Experiments verify 475.1-Tbps switch bandwidth (1,856 × 1,856 at 256 Gbps) and switching times under 3.52 μs.
High-Speed Radio-on-Free-Space Optical Mobile Fronthaul System for Ultra-Dense Radio Access Network
Authors: Dat Pham Tien , Kanno Atsushi , Inagaki Keizo , Rottenberg François , Louveaux Jerome , Yamamoto Naokatsu , Kawanishi Tetsuya
Published: March 2020

We present a transmission of radio signals in high-frequency band over a seamless fiber–FSO system for ultra-dense radio access network. We successfully transmitted 80-Gb/s and 40-Gb/s 2×2 MIMO FBMC-OQAM signal in the 90-GHz band over the DL and UL direction.
Hybrid fiber-optical/THz-wireless link transmission using low-cost IM/DD optics
Authors: Rodrigues Francisco , Ferreira Ricardo , Castro Carlos , Elschner Robert , Merkle Thomas , Schubert Colja , Teixeira António
Published: March 2020

Hybrid fiber-optical/THz wireless transmission of 16 GBd 16-QAM is demonstrated over 20 km of fiber. Transmission of 50 Gb/s net rate is achieved using low-cost IM/DD optics and wireless front-ends operating at 306 GHz.
Neural-Network-Enabled Multivariate Symbol Decision in a 100-Gb/s Complex Direct Modulation System
Authors: Che Di
Published: March 2020

We reveal a neural network can be exploited for multivariate symbol decision simply by feeding multiple signal features as its inputs. The concept is verified in a digital coherent receiver which detects dual-polarization 25-GBaud directly-modulated PAM-4 signals.
Cascade Recurrent Neural Network Enabled 100-Gb/s PAM4 Short-Reach Optical Link Based on DML
Authors: Xu Zhaopeng , Sun Chuanbowen , Ji Tonghui , Ji Honglin , Shieh William
Published: March 2020

A cascade RNN-based equalizer is proposed which outperforms traditional NN-based equalizers for short-reach optical links. A cascade RNN-enabled 100-Gb/s PAM4 link is experimentally demonstrated over 15-km fiber using a 16-GHz DML in C-band.
Efficient Echo-Cancellation Algorithms for Full Duplex Coherent Optical Systems
Authors: Xu Mu , Jia Zhensheng , Zhang Junwen , Zhang Haipeng , Campos Luis Alberto
Published: March 2020

A digital echo-cancellation method to identify and mitigate reflection impairments in full duplex coherent optical links is proposed. More-than 6 dB improvements in echo power tolerance are experimentally verified in a 32-GBd full-duplex DP-QPSK link.
Dual-band Optical Filters Using Integrated Multimode Bragg Gratings
Authors: Cauchon Jonathan , Shi Wei
Published: March 2020

We demonstrate a multimode integrated Bragg grating allowing dual-band filtering in the 1.5-1.6 µm region. Bandwidths of 4.4 and 7.5 nm and a band separation of 42 nm are achieved.
All-optical recurrent neural network with sigmoid activation function
Authors: Mourgias-Alexandris George , Dabos George , Passalis Nikolaos , Tefas Anastasios , Totovic Angelina , Pleros Nikos
Published: March 2020

We demonstrate experimentally, the first all-optical recurrent-neuron with a sigmoid activation function and four WDM-inputs with 100psec pulses. The proposed neuron geared up a neural-network for financial prediction-tasks exhibiting an accuracy of 42.57% on FI-2010.
Experimental Demonstration of service deployment in open packet-optical networks
Authors: de Dios Oscar Gonzalez , Yamaguchi Minoru , Pajares Guillermo , Saito Masatoshi , Barguil Samier , Yokoi Toshihiro , Gonzalez Alfredo , Campanella Andrea , Koike Yoshinori , Lopez Victor , Yoshioka Hirotaka
Published: March 2020

Disaggregation breaks conventional closed systems into components connected by open interfaces. This paper shows the experimental demonstration of service provisioning and partial replacement of network OS in a disaggregated open packet and optical converged network based on open interfaces and open source software.
Automated Thermal Drift Compensation in WDM-based Silicon Photonic Multi-Socket Interconnect Systems
Authors: Moralis-Pegios M. , Zanetto F. , Guglielmi E. , Grimaldi V. , Fotiadis K. , Pitris S. , Alexoudi T. , De Heyn P. , Ban Y. , Van Campenhout J. , Aguiar D. , Ferrari G. , Sampietro M. , Melloni A. , Pleros N.
Published: March 2020

We present an on-chip AWGR-based interconnect system with automated thermal drift compensation along cascaded resonant structures in a dual-socket layout. Error-free operation in a 30 Gb/s data-routing scenario within a 12C temperature range is demonstrated.
WDM Operation and Multiple Dispersion Elements for a Direct-Detection System using Phase Retrieval
Authors: Zhou H. , Zou K. , Liao P. , Almaiman A. , Alishahi F. , Fallahpour A. , Minoofar A. , Tur M. , Willner A. E.
Published: March 2020

We by simulation and experiment investigate appropriate dispersion values and numbers of the dispersion elements for a phase retrieval based direct-detection system. A 149.5-Gbit/s QPSK transmission using phase retrieval with two dispersion elements is demonstrated in a WDM system.
Mode-Multiplexed Full-Field Reconstruction Using Direct and Phase Retrieval Detection
Authors: Chen Haoshuo , Alvarado-Zacarias Juan Carlos , Huang Hanzi , Fontaine Nicolas K. , Ryf Roland , Neilson David T. , Amezcua-Correa Rodrigo
Published: March 2020

We realize mode-multiplexed full-field reconstruction over six-spatial-and-polarization modes after 30-km multimode fiber transmission using intensity-only measurements without any optical carrier. The receiver’s capabilities to cope with modal dispersion and mode-dependent loss are experimentally demonstrated.
Mitigation of Inter-Subcarrier Linear Crosstalk with Groupwise Fixed FDE assisted MIMO
Authors: Sato Masaki , Noguchi Hidemi , Matsui Junichiro , Abe Jun’ichi , Ishii Naoto , Le Taillandier de Gabory Emmanuel
Published: March 2020

We experimentally demonstrated inter-subcarrier linear crosstalk mitigation of five-subcarrier 10-GBaud RRC-PM-16QAM using Groupwise fixed FDE assisted MIMO. The proposed method enabled 6.3% tighter subcarrier spacing over 120 km SSMF, compared to conventional 2x2 MIMO.
Time-wavelength-mode equalization by PSO for random fiber laser based FMF Raman amplifier
Authors: Chen Yufeng , Du Jiangbing , Li Jiaxiong , Shen Lei , Luo Jie , He Zuyuan
Published: March 2020

We report an FMF Raman amplifier based on random fiber laser with optimized time-wavelength-mode equalization by PSO method, achieving 1.3-dB spectral gain flatness, 2.3-dB temporal SPV, and 0.03-dB MDG with 15-dB on-off gain.
Noise Figure Evaluation of Polarization-insensitive Single-pump Fiber Optical Parametric Amplifiers
Authors: Gordienko Vladimir , Ferreira Filipe , Laperle Charles , O’Sullivan Maurice , Gaur Chandra B , Roberts Kim , Doran Nick
Published: March 2020

Several polarization-insensitive configurations for single-pump phase-insensitive fiber optical parametric amplifier are experimentally evaluated using 35GBaud PDM-QPSK signals. An equivalent noise figure of 9.1±1dB is experimentally derived by comparison with a variable noise figure EDFA.
Integrated Quantum Photonics on Silicon Platform
Authors: Ding Yunhong , Llewellyn Daniel , Faruque Imad , Paesani Stefano , Bacco Davide , Rottwitt Karsten , Laing Anthony , Thompson Mark , Wang Jianwei , Oxenløwe Leif K.
Published: March 2020

We present our recent study on silicon integrated quantum photonics, from single photon sources to applications of quantum communication, generation and manipulation of high-dimensional quantum entanglement states, and sampling of quantum state of light.
Low Loss, Large Bandwidth Antiresonant Hollow-Core Fiber Design for Short-Reach Links
Authors: Shere William , Jasion Gregory T. , Fokoua Eric Numkam , Poletti Francesco
Published: March 2020

We present antiresonant hollow-core optical fibre designs for VCSEL-based short-reach transmission applications in the 850nm band. Our simulations show that lower loss and twice the bandwidth of solid, multi-mode, graded index fibres are possible.
Technology Evolution and Capacity Growth in Undersea Cables
Authors: Pilipetskii A. N. , Mohs G.
Published: March 2020

We examine the technology evolution that fueled exponential cable capacity growth over the last decades. We are at a critical point when transmission technology is mature and approaching fundamental limits. What is the path forward?
TDECQ Sensitivity to Algorithmic Implementation and Noise Characterization
Authors: Thomas Varghese A. , Melgar Alirio , Varughese Siddharth J. , Garon Daniel , Tan Kan , Hazzard Shane A. , Agoston Maria , Zivny Pavel , Ralph Stephen E.
Published: March 2020

We demonstrate that TDECQ is sensitive to algorithmic implementation and to receiver noise. It is inherently challenging to quantify transmitter performance when receiver equalization is estimated computationally. Methods to reduce uncertainty are identified.
Accelerating TDECQ Assessments using Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Varughese Siddharth , Garon Daniel A. , Melgar Alirio , Thomas Varghese A. , Zivny Pavel , Hazzard Shane , Ralph Stephen E.
Published: March 2020

We experimentally demonstrate the use of convolutional neural networks to accelerate TDECQ assessments for 400G direct-detect transmitter qualification. The method estimates TDECQ from static eye-diagrams ~1000 times faster than conventional methods with <0.25dB mean discrepancy.
Spatial frequency modulated imaging in coherent anti-Stokes Raman microscopy
Authors: Heuke Sandro , Sivankutty Siddharth , Scotte Camille , Stockton Patrick , Bartels Randy A. , Sentenac Anne , Rigneault Hervé
Published: March 2020

For sparse samples or in the presence of ambient light, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) performance of single-point-scanning coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) images is not optimized. As an improvement, we propose replacing the conventional CARS focus-point illumination with a periodically structured focus line while continuing to collect the transmitted CARS intensity on a single detector. The object information along the illuminated line is obtained by numerically processing the CARS signal recorded for various periods of the structured focus line. We demonstrate experimentally the feasibility of this spatial frequency modulated imaging (SPIFI) in CARS (SPIFI-CARS) and SHG (SPIFI-SHG) and identify situations where its SNR is better than that of the single-point-scanning approach.
Small samples, unreasonable generalizations, and outliers: Gender bias in student evaluation of teaching or three unhappy students?
Authors: Uttl Bob , Violo Victoria
Published: March 2020

In a widely cited and widely talked about study, MacNell et al. (2015) examined SET ratings of one female and one male instructor, each teaching two sections of the same online course, one section under their true gender and the other section under false/opposite gender. MacNell et al. concluded that students rated perceived female instructors more harshly than perceived male instructors, demonstrating gender bias against perceived female instructors. Boring, Ottoboni, and Stark (2016) re-analyzed MacNell et al.s data and confirmed their conclusions. However, the design of MacNell et al. study is fundamentally flawed. First, MacNell et al. section sample sizes were extremely small, ranging from 8 to 12 students. Second, MacNell et al. included only one female and one male instructor. Third, MacNell et al.s findings depend on three outliers -- three unhappy students (all in perceived female conditions) who gave their instructors the lowest possible ratings on all or nearly all SET items. We re-analyzed MacNell et al.s data with and without the three outliers. Our analyses showed that the gender bias against perceived female instructors disappeared. Instead, students rated the actual female vs. male instructor higher, regardless of perceived gender. MacNell et al.s study is a real-life demonstration that conclusions based on extremely small sample-sized studies are unwarranted and uninterpretable.
Normal background levels of air and surface mould reserve in English residential building stock: a preliminary study towards benchmarks based on NAHA measurements
Authors: Aktas Yasemin Didem , Reeslev Morten , Altamirano Hector , May Neil , D’Ayala Dina
Published: March 2020

This paper reports results obtained from a surface (both visually clean and dirty/dusty surfaces) and active (aggressive or activated) air testing scheme on 140 residential rooms in England, without visible water damage or mould growth, along with a few rooms with visible mould growth/water damage tested for comparison purposes. The aim was to establish normal background levels of mould in non-water-damaged interiors to benchmark a ‘normal’ indoor environment, and in turn when there is a need for further investigation, and, possibly, remediation. Air and surface mould was quantified based on the activity of β-N-acetylhexosaminidase (EC 3.2.1.52; NAHA). The obtained readings showed a log-normal distribution. Ninety-eight percent of the samples obtained from visually clean surfaces were equal to or less than 25 relative fluorescence units (RFU), which is suggested to be the higher bound for the range which can be used as a success criterion for surface cleaning/remediation. Of samples obtained from visually dirty/dusty surfaces, around 98% were below 450 RFU, which is suggested to define the lower-bound for abnormally high levels of mould, rare even on dirty/dusty surfaces. Similarly, around 98% of the air samples were found to have 1700 RFU or below. Values above 1700 RFU are therefore deemed unlikely in a non-problem indoor environment and can be indicative of a possible problem inducing mould growth. The samples with values below 1700 were further divided into three proposed sub-categories. Finally, the obtained RFU values and the suggested benchmarks were compared to those obtained from 17 non-residential indoor environments tested previously in Copenhagen, and the benchmarks that are currently used in Danish national standards, and they were both found to be highly congruent, suggesting that local climate regimes and room functions might not be as influential on indoor mould levels as commonly thought, or that the nuances between England and Denmark in terms of these factors are not strong enough to lead to sizable changes in the typical indoor mould levels in these countries’ building stocks.
Synergistic Cytotoxicity Effect by Combination of Methanol Extract of Parijoto Fruit (Medinilla speciosa Reinw. ex. Bl) and Cisplatin Against Hela Cell Line
Authors: Artanti Anif Nur , Pujiastuti Umi Hanik , Prihapsara Fea , Rakhmawati Rita
Published: March 2020

As one of the leading causes of death in worldwide, cervical cancer requires the effective therapies to reduce its mortality rate. One of the chemotherapy agents that frequently used in the treatment is cisplatin. However, due to drug resistance and its side effects, an agent that can be combined with cisplatin is needed. Parijoto fruit (Medinilla speciosa Reinw.ex.Bl) contains secondary metabolites compounds that have potential as anticancer. The study aims to determine the cytotoxic effect of methanol extract of Parijoto fruit calculated from the IC50 value and the synergicity of the combinational treatment with cisplatin evaluated from the Combination Index (CI) value and its cell viability by using MTT assay. Results showed that methanol extract of Parijoto fruit (MEP) performed cytotoxic effect on HeLa cell line with IC50 of 209.6 μg/mL while the value of IC50 of cisplatin against HeLa cells amounted to 12.8 μg/mL. The combination of 26.205 ppm (1/8 IC50) of MEP and 1.601 ppm (1/8 IC50) of Cisplatin performed synergistic effect on HeLa cell line with the CI value of 0.69. From the above results, it can be concluded that MEP is potential as co-chemotherapy agent based on the synergistic cytotoxicity effect with cisplatin.Keyword: cytotoxic, Medinilla speciosa, cisplatin, co-chemotherapy, MTT
Nanoparticle from Medinilla speciosa with Various of Encapsulating Agent and Their Antioxidant Activities Using Ferric Reducing Assay
Authors: Vifta Rissa Laila , Luhurningtyas Fania Putri
Published: March 2020

Antioxidants are agents that can reduce free radicals. Parijoto fruit (Medinilla speciosa) contains flavonoids that could act as an antioxidant. However, those flavonoids are water-soluble and show low bioavailability. Nanotechnology is a potential approach to improve the bioavailability of flavonoids from Parijoto fruit. This study was conducted to determine the antioxidant activity of parijoto nanoparticles with variations of the chitosan, alginate, and chitosan/alginate encapsulants. Secondary metabolites of parijoto fruit were using the maceration method. The synthesis of parijoto nanoparticles was conducted using the ionic gelation method with chitosan, alginate, and chitosan/alginate encapsulation. Parijoto nanoparticle size and distribution were characterized using Particle Size Analyzer (PSA). The formation of nanoparticles in colloids was determined as a percent. The antioxidant activity of nanoparticle was evaluated using Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) method using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Chitosan encapsulation produced nanoparticles with a size of 269.3 nm, pdI 0.372 and transmittance 99.379%. Alginate encapsulation produced a particle size of 366.4 nm, pdI 0.589 and transmittance 99.690%. The combination of chitosan/alginate encapsulants produced a particle size of 187.00 nm, pdI 0.239 and transmittance 99.894%. Parijoto nanoparticles obtained from chitosan, alginate, and chitosan/alginate encapsulant showed strong antioxidant powers indicated by IC50 values 2.442±0.047 ppm, 3.175±0.169 ppm and 2.115±0.045 ppm, respectively. Altogether, our study shows that parijoto nanoparticles are potent as antioxidant agents.Keywords: Alginate, antioxidant, chitosan, FRAP, Medinilla speciosa, nanoparticle
Activity of Noni Fruit (Morinda citrifolia L.) Ethanolic Extract on Class mu Glutation S-Transferase of Lung Rat
Authors: Purwanto Purwanto , Martono Sudibyo
Published: March 2020

One of the main modalities of cancer treatment is chemotherapy, which uses chemicals that are generally electrophilic. These xenobiotic compounds sometimes does not produce effective response due to activity of glutathione S-transferase (GST) which inactivate the xenobiotics. Several natural phenolic compounds were reported to inhibit GST activity in vitro. Noni fruit (Morinda citrifolia L.) which contains flavonoids and other phenolic compounds such as scopoletin and morindon is proposed to interfere GST activity. This study aimed to analyze the effect of ethanolic extract of Noni fruit in vivo on GST activity in lung rat using 1,2-dichloro-4-nitrobenzene (DCNB). This substrate is a specific for class mu GST. First, rats were administered with ethanolic extract of Noni and dimethylbenz(α)anthracene (DMBA) for two weeks. The cytosolic fraction of lung was isolated then the GST activity was determined by simple kinetic program which was automatically calculated using spectrophotometer. The results showed that ethanolic extract of Noni in 1 and 5% (w/v) of concentration induced class mu GST activity, whereas 10% (w/v) of concentration inhibited class mu GST activity. After a treatment with DMBA, all tested concentrations of ethanolic extract of Noni inhibited class mu GST activity of lung rat significantly. These results indicated that Noni fruit extract can be further developed as a supportive agent of a chemotherapy drug.Keywords: DMBA, GST, Morinda citrifolia L., spectrophotometer.
How Have Members of Congress Reacted to President Trump’s Trade Policy?
Authors: Clarke Andrew J. , Jenkins Jeffery A. , Micatka Nathan K.
Published: March 2020

While a number of studies in recent years explore the particularistic tendencies of presidents – targeting various benefits to districts and states that will help their and their party’s electoral prospects – little work has explored how members of Congress react to such behavior. We take some initial steps in this regard by examining how members have responded to President Donald Trump’s trade initiatives. We analyze congressional newsletter mentions of tariffs or trade as a means of exploring congressional reaction. We find a positive relationship between tariff/trade mentions and partisanship, as Republican members and members from states that Trump won in 2016 are more likely to refer to tariffs/trade in their newsletters. This represents, we argue, a different kind of credit claiming. These basic empirical patterns set the stage for more systematic analysis in the future.