bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Energy Security on Economic Development: Review of the Literature
Authors: Ashaye Olusoyi Richard , Alharahsheh Husam Helmi
Published: May 2022

Energy secuity is often classified as necesary to human security becuase of the importance of tts services for both modern economies and post-modern lifestyle as it relates to dialogue about energy issues as well as climate change. The paper aims to provide assessment and consideration of key aspects relating to energy security by providing comperehnsie definitions, highlights on key characteristics, underlying values and components of each of dofferent key dimentions of energy secuirty, as well as key contributions to economic developments. The paper is primarly based on reviewing the avilable leturature in the field as well as inclusion of key profesisonal and academic publications to enhance application and inclusion of key trends in the field as well as policies. The research concludes to establish that energy security has evolved as a result of the transformation of the world’s energy regime in terms of the growing dominace of non-renewable fossil fuels and increasing reliance on oil, the 1970s economic crisis and liberalisation of energy markets, development of nuclear energy, fluctuating fortunes for coal and gas, escalating energy demands of developing nations, and the impacts of political instability and large-scale natural events and the energy regime of the 21st century.
Risk Analysis: A Panacea for Capital Budgeting Decisions
Authors: Inyang Inyang , Bassey Felix
Published: May 2022

The purpose for every business undertaking is profit which serves as a return from investment activities. Profit creation in business will forever remain a mirriage if business activities are not properly anticipated, planned and coordinated. Risk analysis is one of the major means of projecting the future outcome of any business before a decision to embark on it or not can be taken, hence the reason for this study. In this study, the researcher observed the role that risk analysis played in investment decision making (capital Budgeting) in business organizations, determine the level of acceptability of risk analysis as investment decision tool, ascertain the impact financial risk analysis has in the evaluation of projects viability and investment portfolios selection, and make recommendations to stakeholders in the investment sector in Nigeria using Niger Mill Ltd, Calabar as a case study. The statistical instruments employed to collect data for this study are questionnaires and oral interviews which constitute the primary sources, while published textbooks, Journals and internet materials serve as the secondary sources of data. The sampling method used for this study is the stratified random sampling method, while chi-square (x2) statistical model was used to test the three hypotheses formulated for this work. Major findings made from this study are that; there is a high level of acceptability of risk analysis as a major tool for investment decision, staff of various organizations in Nigeria are well acquainted with the various methods of financial risk Analysis, there are enough trained hands in the country to handle risk analysis related issues, and the fact that there can be no meaningful investment decision without a proper financial risk analysis.
Job Promotion and Employee Performance among the Administration Police in Bungoma County, Kenya
Authors: Ligare Belyndah Shitakwa , Wanyama Kadian Wanyonyi , Aliata Victor Lusala
Published: May 2022

According to Kenya Police Service Annual Crime Reports (KPSACR) of 2016, the number of criminal offences is still on the increase with the 2013, 2014 and 2015 reports evidencing an offence number of 71832, 72,490 and 73,376 respectively. Based on this upward trend, it is still unclear if the trend is related to human resource practices such as job promotion as applied in the administration police which in turn have an effect on the performance of the administration police. In the service industry, especially the Kenya National Police Service, little research has been conducted on job promotion and employee performance especially in Bungoma County. The purpose of this study was to establish the influence of job promotion on the performance of administration police. The study adopted a descriptive survey design. The target population was 1,318 administration police officers in Bungoma County rom which a sample size of 384 respondents was used. Questionnaires were the main instruments used to collect primary data. Stratified random sampling, simple random sampling and systematic random sampling techniques were used. Data was analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. Reliability analysis gave an average Cronbach alpha value of 0.8034 which indicated that the instruments were reliable. Results of the study showed that there was a statistically significant positive relationship between job promotion and employee performance and that job promotion accounted for 71.3% (R2 = 0.713) variations in the employee performance. It was concluded that if job promotion was well executed in the administration police, the performance of the staff would be enhanced. The following were the recommendations of the study: organizations should adhere strictly to its promotion policy, ensure promotion process is fair and that employees are promoted based on merit. The findings of this study is expected to inform administration police management policy makers, the government
A Review on Hand Sanitizers: Types of Hand Sanitizers, Mechanism of action, Toxicity and Adverse Effects COVID-19
Authors: Tarigopula Sumana , Thadipatri Reshma , Mahammed Nawaz
Published: May 2022

The latest COVID -19 corona virus disease outbreak is responsible for a highly pathogenic corona virus (SARS-CoV-2). Since no vaccines or licensed drugs are currently available, sanitization interventions appear to be important to help delay the transmission of COVID -19. For regular hand hygiene, WHO suggested alcohol-based hand sanitizers, containing predominantly of hydrogen peroxide, ethanol, and isopropyl alcohol in various combinations. When misused, these preparations can become harmful to human health. The key goal of the new analysis is to demonstrate the toxicity and serious adverse effects.
Indole-3Acetic Acid Production by Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria of Saline Soil, Odisha and its Role in Root Elongation in Rice Plant
Authors: Pati Bandita , Padhi Sanhita
Published: May 2022

In the present study five PGPR were isolated from Casuarina rhizosphere, coastal Odisha, India and were identified as B. acidiceler, Sphingomonas paucimobilis, Kocuria kristinae, B. subtilis and B. megaterium by 16SrDNA sequencing. The production of IAA by five PGPR ranges from 1.34 µg/ml to 2.509 µg/ml in absence of tryptophan whereas 3.103 µg/ml to 7.929 µg/ml in presence of tryptophan by using Salkowski’s reagent. The optimum activity of five PGPR was recorded at 2 mg/ml of tryptophan concentration. The optimum temperature and pH for IAA production by five PGPR were recorded at 30oC and 7.0. Partial purification of tryptophan was also done by TLC with Rf value 0.9. It is also found that the five PGPR have potential in the elongation of root length of rice plant grown in saline soil.
A Comprehensive Review of the Analytical Development and Validation of Alprazolam in Bulk and Pharmaceutical Dosage Form
Authors: Prajapati Gaurav M. , Ghuge Devang R.
Published: May 2022

Alprazolam is approved in 2003 by US FDA. Alprazolam is available as an extended-release tablet, a mouth dissolving tablet (a tablet that dissolves rapidly in the mouth), as well as a concentrated solution (liquid). For the treatment of severe anxiety and panic disorder, alprazolam is one of the most commonly prescribed benzodiazepines. IPUAC name of Alprazolam is 8-Chloro-1-methyl-6-phenyl-4H-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a] [1, 4] benzodiazepine. The molecular formula and molecular Weight is C17H12ClFN4 and 326.75 g/mol. These articles may serve as an overview of Alprazolam with their drug profile, pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, and analytical HPLC procedures that are commonly employed in determining common provision issues. These reviews cover topics such as mobile phase, mobile phase ratio, column, retention time, flow rate, UV detector wavelength, run time, and more. Linearity, percent recovery, detection limit, and quantification limit are all validating parameters. The pharmaceutical analysis serves as an internal control for pure and pharmaceutical dosage forms, which is critical for quality assurance. The development of analytical methods has emerged as a crucial study activity.
Perception of COVID-19 by the Mentally ill Patients
Authors: Chamikh Asmae Ech- , Lagsyer Ilham , Adali Imane , Manoudi Fatiha
Published: May 2022

Background: Patients with mental illness constitute a population at risk of being easily infected by corona virus (COVID-19), and they can also spread the infection to others by neglecting protective measures. The confrontation of this pandemic depends above all on their adherence to barrier measures, largely affected by their knowledge, perception and practices. Objectives: This work aimed to assess the perception of COVID-19 in patients with mental illness; by conducting a survey on their knowledge, attitudes and practices. Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study. 118 consultant patients with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder or chronic delusional disorder agreed to participate in the study. It was conducted at the psychiatric university department at Ibn Nafis hospital in Marrakech, during the month of October 2020. We used a pre-established questionnaire. The choice of patients was made given the frequency of perception disorders, cognitive deficit and inappropriate behaviors. Results: The mean age of the participants was 38 years. The majority were male (64%), single (56%), with a low level of education (32%). The patient’s average COVID-19 knowledge score was 9.27, suggesting an overall correct answer rate of 71% on this knowledge test. Almost a quarter of the patients did have a poor knowledge of COVID-19 (30%). Notably, more than half of the patients surveyed (62%) were not aware that there are asymptomatic forms of COVID-19 infection, and that there are no specific treatment or vaccine against COVID-19 currently. Two-thirds of patients (63%) considered COVID-19 infection to be a serious and dangerous illness, twenty-five patients (21%) had given no comments, nine patients (8%) believed that it was a conspiracy, six patients (5%) thought it was a devil and four patients (3%) thought it was a lie. In terms of attitudes, more than half of the patients surveyed had expressed their fear when thinking of COVID-19, and the majority of patients (90%) ...
Colon Cancers: Epidemiological, Diagnostic, and Therapeutic Aspects at the Visceral Surgery Department of CNHU-HKM of Cotonou
Authors: SGR Attolou , CM Laleye , CFE de Souza , G Gbessi , F Dossou , DK Mehinto
Published: May 2022

Introduction: In Benin colon cancer is the 3rd most common cancer in men after that of the prostate and liver and the 5th in women. The latest work on colon cancer in Benin goes back more than 10 years. It is therefore a question of updating information on colon cancer in Benin by describing them in their epidemiological, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects. Method: This is a retrospective study of colon cancers diagnosed in the Visceral Surgery department of the CNHU-HKM in Cotonou over a period of 7 years. Result: Cancers of the left colon with a predilection for the sigmoid colon are the most diagnosed in Benin. It is a pathology of the relatively young subject living in an urban environment. The main histological form is lieberkuhnian adenocarcinoma. 76% of these cancers are received at the stage of complications. Surgery is the cornerstone of treatment but is often palliative in our context of late consultation. Nevertheless, hospital mortality remains low and survival at 04 years is 60%.
Traveling Wave Solution for Sharma–Tasso–Olver–Burgers（STOB）Equation by the (G’/G)-Expansion Method
Authors: Yang Shun
Published: May 2022

In this paper, we use the (G'/G)-expansion method to construct the traveling wave solution of the Sharma–Tasso–Olver–Burgers (STOB) equation based on the idea of homogeneous equilibrium. At the same time, it is verified that the (G'/G) -expansion method has wider applicability for dealing with nonlinear evolution equations.
Analisis Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Kapitasi Berbasis Komitmen (KBK) Di Puskesmas Cikancung Dinas Kabupaten Bandung
Authors: Agustinakhoeriyah Ginna , Mardiah Iklima Mardiah , Hidayati Meira Hidayati
Published: May 2022

LatarBelakang:Indikator Angka kontak dan rasio peserta Program Pengelolaan Penyakit Kronis (Prolanis) yang merupakan dua dari tiga indikator  KBK (Kapitasi Berbasis Komitmen. Angka kontak ini adalah untuk melihat aksesabilitas dan pemanfaatan pelayanan  primer oleh peserta baik pelayanan di dalam gedung maupun pelayanan di luar gedung.

Tujuan:Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pemenuhan indikator angka kontak dan rasio peserta prolanis rutin berkunjung di Puskesmas Cikancung Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Bandung.

Metode:Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan penelitian kualitatif jenis casestudy (studi kasus).

Hasil:Indikator angka kontak selama tiga bulan ? 40 % indikator rasio  rujukan non spesialistik ? 50% dan rasio peserta prolanis rutin berkunjung  ? 10 % sangat sulit sekali terpenuhi oleh Puskesmas Cikancung Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Bandung.

Kesimpulan: Angka kontak dan rasio peserta Program Pengelolaan Penyakit Kronis (Prolanis) di Puskesmas Cikancung Dinas Kabupaten Bandung tidak mencapai target.
South Korea Strategy in Increasing Exports of Beauty Products to Indonesia in Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Fadhilah Reidhati Dayang , Jatmika Sidik
Published: May 2022

The Covid-19 pandemic has hampered the economic growth of countries in the world. Many industries were unable to survive the crisis that occurred as a result of the pandemic. However, this does not apply to the South Korean cosmetic industry or K-Beauty. During the pandemic, sales of K-Beauty in the world actually increased. This study aims to determine and analyze South Korea's strategy in increasing exports of beauty products (K-Beauty) to Indonesia during the Covid-19 pandemic (2019-2021 years). This research is descriptive research. The data collection method used was library research. The results showed that during the Covid-19 pandemic, South Korea continued to use the Korean Wave/Hallyu as a strategy in increasing exports of beauty products (K-Beauty) to Indonesia (2019-2021) as evidenced by the many policies and support from the South Korean Government to continue developing Korean Wave/Hallyu in Indonesia. In addition, the push to accelerate IK-CEPA is also used as a strategy to increase exports of beauty products (K-Beauty) to Indonesia.
Alternative Management of River Watershed with Batulesa Method From Environmental Aspects
Authors: Sanam Andriana E. , Nur Muhammad SM , Messakh Jakobis Johanis
Published: May 2022

The research was conducted in the Meto Batulesa watershed, with a watershed area of 8,968 ha, located between two regencies, Kupang and Kupang city. The purpose of this research is to calculate the actual erosion rate and tolerable erosion, so that conservation alternatives can be found. Based on the map of land units, there are 19 land units that are then used for soil sampling, slope, observation of soil management and soil conservation. The sampling method used purposive sampling, the data taken to calculate erosion estimates using the Universal Soil Equation (USLE) method, while the erosion tolerance used the concept of equivalent depth and resource life based on (Hammer 1981) and (Arsyad 2010). The results of the study show that the highest actual erosion value of 225.68 tons/hectare/year and the lowest is 2.78 tons/hectare/year. The value of erosion tolerance among 19 land units, in which are 10 land units is above the erosion tolerance so that they require alternative management, while 9 of them are without conservation. Alternative management in the form of modifications to the values of C and P include 1. Terrace Gulud: Corn + Beans + Mulch of Plant Remnants, 2. Corn + Soybean with rotational cropping pattern + mulch of crop residues, 3. Bench terrace + corn cassava/soybean, 4. Secondary forest and 5. Primary forest.
Peningkatan Aktivitas dan Hasil Belajar Pendidikan Agama Islam Melalui Pendekatan Keterampilan Proses (PKP) Kelas XI IPA2 SMA Negeri 1 Sukoharjo
Authors: Rofi’i M.
Published: May 2022

Pendekatan Keterampilan Proses (PKP) merupakan konsep belajar yang membantu guru mengaitkan antara materi yang diajarkan dengan situasi dunia nyata siswa dan mendorong siswa membuat hubungan antara pengetahuan yang dimilikinya dengan penerapannya dalam kehidupan mereka sebagai anggota keluarga dan masyarakat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui sejauh mana peningkatan aktivitas dan hasil belajar pendidikan agama islam melalui pendekatan keterampilan proses (PKP) kelas XI IPA.2 SMA Negeri 1 Sukoharjo. Pendekatan kuantitatif dengan penelitian tindak kelas (PTK) yang dilaksanakan dalam tiga siklus dianggap berhasil jika 85% siswa (class study) mencapai nilai ketuntasan rata-rata 75, jika kemampuan belajar siswa meningkat. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa model pembelajaran pendekatan keterampilan proses efektif dapat meningkatkan aktivitas dan hasil belajar pendidikan agama islam siswa di SMA Negeri 1 Sukoharjo. Dalam penelitian tindakan ini dilakukan dalam 3 siklus, dari hasil tindakan yang dilakukan terbukti dapat meningkatkan aktivitas dan hasil belajar siswa dengan mencapai standar ideal. Dari 64.83  % pada Siklus l, dapat meningkat menjadi 75.52  % pada siklus II, dan siklus ke III meningkat menjadi 82.41  %.
DEVELOPMENT OF AN AUTOMATED INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR THE SELECTION OF CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS USED IN THE PROCESSES OF CHEMISTRY AND PETROCHEMISTRY
Authors: Gerasimovich German , Il'ina Irina
Published: May 2022

The possibility of creating an automated information system for the selection of structural materials functioning in various environments is being considered
ANALYSIS OF LOCATION MEANS OF MOBILE SENSING MECHATRONIC SYSTEMS
Authors: Kuleshova Tatiana , Kolmogorov Aleksey
Published: May 2022

Several methods of sensing mobile mechatronic systems are considered. Based on the analysis of the features of each method, the choice of the optimal method of locating the mobile mechatronic system was made
ANALYSIS OF THE POSSIBILITY OF APPLICATION OF MICROCONTROLLERS FOR MEASURING THE ANGULAR VELOCITY OF THE SHAFT OF PISTON MACHINES
Authors: Lavrik Aleksandr , El'hutov Sergey
Published: May 2022

The possibility of using popular microcontrollers to assess the technical condition of reciprocating machines by changing the angular velocity of the shaft is considered
SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT FOR DETERMINING THE TOLERANCES OF THERMOELECTRIC CONVERTERS
Authors: Pil'cov Mihail , Gorohov Oleg
Published: May 2022

A variant of the implementation of a method for automated determination of the tolerances of thermoelectric converters using the development of appropriate software is considered
SYSTEM FOR DOCUMENTING THE RESULTS OF OPERATOR TRAINING AT THE TRAINING COMPLEX
Authors: Savchenko Anton , Krivov Maksim
Published: May 2022

The significance of the analysis of the results of performing exercisesof the computer simulator complex of the boiler unit BKZ-160-100F is considered
THE QUESTION OF THE QUALITY OF THERMAL INSULATING FOAM CONCRETE
Authors: Vinokurova Olga , Baranova Al'bina
Published: May 2022

The basic issue of the production of thermal insulating foam concrete of low average density is considered
NEURAL NETWORK APPLICATIONS TO INCREASE THE EFFICIENCY OF THE USE OF SOLAR PANELS
Authors: Konovalov Yuriy , Haziev Aleksey
Published: May 2022

Ways to improve the performance of solar power plants are proposed, a model is described in the MATLAB software package, which allows evaluating the efficiency of an artificial neural network that controls a charge controller powered by a solar panel
MULTICENTER RELATED RESEARCH WITH HEALTH OF SUBJECTIVE QUALITY OF LIFE (BY THE EXAMPLE OF RUSSIA AND BELARUS)
Authors: D'yakovich Marina , Rybina Tat'yana
Published: May 2022

The results of a medical and social multicenter study of health-related quality of life among workers exposed to vibration are considered
FEATURES OF THE FORMATION OF THE DYNAMICS OF MASS NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASES OF CHILDREN IN NON-INDUSTRIAL TERRITORIES DURING THE PERIOD OF POST-SOCIALIST TRANSFORMATIONS
Authors: Prusakov Valeriy , Prusakova Aleksandra
Published: May 2022

The report presents the main results of the study of the dynamics of the morbidity of children with mass non-communicable diseases in the so-called background non-industrial territories of the Irkutsk region as a result of their adaptation to new living conditions during the post-socialist transformations in 1988-2016
THERMO-OXIDATIVE STABILITY OF PROTON-EXCHANGE MEMBRANES POLY-1-VINYL-1,2,4-TRIAZOLE – PHENOL-2,4-DISULPHIC ACID
Authors: Malahova Ekaterina , Raskulova Tat'yana , Lebedeva Oksana , Pozhidaev Yuriy , Khairutdinov Dmitriy , Poselkina Alexandra
Published: May 2022

The thermal-oxidative stability of membranes based on poly-1-vinyl-1,2,4-triazole and phenol-2,4-disulfonic acid has been studied. It has been shown that an increase in the acid content in the membrane leads to an increase in thermal stability due to the formation of acid-base complexes
E-Z ISOMERIZATION OF THE CHLOROPROPENYL FRAGMENT DURING SYNTHESIS BIS(1-CHLORO-1-PROPENE-3-YL)SELENIDE
Authors: Manuylov Mihail , Nikonova Valentina , Korchevin Nikolay
Published: May 2022

In the synthesis of bis(1-chloropropenyl)selenide from the E-isomer of 1,3-dichloropropene and selenium in the hydrazine hydrate-KOH system was obtained a mixture of isomers E,Z-; E,E- and Z,Z- in a ratio of 1:1,2:0,7. A possible mechanism of isomerization is discussed
APPROACHES TO THE FORMATION OF THE COMPOSITION OF PARTICIPANTS SIMPLE PARTNERSHIP
Authors: Bychkova Gul'fira
Published: May 2022

A matrix of possible combinations of participants in a simple partnership by scale, type of activity and taxation systems is proposed
THE IMPORTANCE OF AWARENESS OF THE LIMITED RATIONALITY OF THE CONSUMER IN THE FORMATION OF FINANCIAL CULTURE SKILLS OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS
Authors: Zarubina Yuliya , Kuzmin Anatoly
Published: May 2022

The article is devoted to the formation of financial culture skills of university students based on the understanding of modern ideas about consumer behavior
THE PROBLEM OF REDUCING THE LEVEL OF LANGUAGE LITERACY IN RUSSIA
Authors: Krivova Natal'ya
Published: May 2022

The reasons for the decline in the level of language literacy at the present stage of the development of the Russian literary language are considered
FORMAL AND INFORMAL METHODS OF ANTI-CORRUPTION ADVOCACY IN UNIVERSITIES
Authors: Sorokina Anna
Published: May 2022

Examines formal and informal methods of anti-corruption propaganda at universities in order to involve students in the implementation of state anti-corruption policies and the formation of intolerance towards corrupt practices
CHANGING THE KEY INTEREST RATE AS A WAY OF MONETARY POLICY OF THE CENTRAL BANK OF RUSSIA
Authors: Cheklaukova Elena , Badmazhanova Ol'ga
Published: May 2022

The current value of the key interest rate set by the Central Bank is analyzed, its impact on the inflation rate, on deposit and loan rates. The short-term forecast of the Central Bank on stabilization of the current situation is given
PROBABILISTIC PARAMETERS FOR ESTIMATING THE SAFETY MARGINS
Authors: Cherepanov Anatoliy
Published: May 2022

The substantiation of the probabilistic parameters of the assessment of the safety reserves during the life cycle of the machine during the transition from the initial to the current or its limit state is considered
The Federal Common Law of Vicarious Fiduciary Liability under ERISA
Authors: Medill Colleen
Published: May 2022

The Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 ("ERISA"), the federal law that regulates employer-sponsored benefit plans, has a rich history of judiciallycreated federal common law. This Article explores the theoretical, policy, statutory, and stare decisis grounds for the development of another area offederal common law under ERISA-the incorporation of respondeat superior liability principles to impose ERISA fiduciary liability ("vicarious fiduciary liability") upon a corporation for the fiduciary activities of its employees or agents. The Article proposes that the federal courts should adopt a federal common law rule of vicarious fiduciary liability under ERISA based on the traditional scope of employment approach. Under such a rule, a corporate principal whose own internal employees or agents perform fiduciary functions during the course and within the scope of their employment or agency relationship would be strictly liable under ERISA for any breach of fiduciary duty by the employee or agent. Vicarious fiduciary liability should be limited, however, so that a nonfiduciary corporate principal would not be subject to damages claims under ERISA for the rogue fiduciary activities of its employees or agents, but would be subject to restitution as necessary to prevent unjust enrichment of the principal. A federal common law rule of vicarious fiduciary liability under ERISA is necessary for two reasons. First, a rule of vicarious fiduciary liability is essential to maintaining and enforcing ERISA's comprehensive system of fiduciary regulation. Second, vicarious fiduciary liability is needed to prevent employer overreaching under the judicially-created settlor function defense to breach of fiduciary duty claims. Absent a federal common law rule of vicarious fiduciary liability, a corporate employer in its nonfiduciary capacity as the settlor of its ERISA plan, may design the documents that govern the employer's plan as a shield against fiduciary responsibility for the actions of the employer's own internal fiduciary employees. This misuse of nonfiduciary settlor powers, which is contrary to both the letter and the spirit of ERISA, would be prevented by a federal common law rule of vicarious fiduciary liability.
Purpose and Effects: Viewpoint-Discriminatory Closure of a Designated Public Forum
Authors: Monroe Kerry
Published: May 2022

In early 2010, amidst a series of racially charged incidents on campus, the student government president at the University of California at San Diego revoked funding to all student media organizations in response to controversial speech on the student-run television station. It is well established that once the government has opened a forum, including a "metaphysical" forum constituted by government funding for private speech, it may not discriminate based on the viewpoints expressed within that forum. However, it has not been clearly established whether the government may close such a forum for a viewpoint-discriminatory purpose. This Note argues that courts should hold viewpoint-discriminatory closures unconstitutional because: (1) government action motivated by the desire to silence a particular viewpoint is inconsistent with core principles underlying the First Amendment, and (2) even facially neutral actions motivated by illicit purposes tend to have unconstitutional discriminatory effects.
The Telltale Sign of Discrimination: Probabilities, Information Asymmetries, and the Systemic Disparate Treatment Theory
Authors: Bent Jason
Published: May 2022

The systemic disparate treatment theory of employment discrimination is in disarray. Originally formulated in United States v. International Brotherhood of Teamsters, the systemic disparate treatment theory provides plaintiffs with a method for creating an inference of unlawful discriminatory intent if plaintiffs can first present sufficient statistical evidence establishing that the employer was engaged in a "pattern or practice" of discrimination. While the Court and scholars have recently given substantial attention to the disparate impact theory, they have not adequately analyzed the contours of the systemic disparate treatment theory. For example, there are currently disputes about whether the systemic disparate treatment theory can be utilized by plaintiffs in (1) ADEA cases, (2) ADA cases, (3) hostile work environment cases, and (4) private individual (non-class) discrimination cases brought under any of the antidiscrimination statutes. The development of a coherent approach to systemic disparate treatment law is becoming increasingly important. Since 2006, the EEOC has made pursuit of its "Systemic Initiative" a top priority in its enforcement strategy. Thus, difficult questions about the application of the systemic disparate treatment theory will continue to surface. This Article takes a first step toward bringing order to the systemic disparate treatment theory. Drawing upon economic models of optimal allocation of burdens of proof in civil litigation and an application of Bayesian probability analysis, this Article argues that the proper extent of the systemic disparate treatment theory depends on three critical considerations: (1) the background prevalence (or prior probability) of the type of discrimination alleged; (2) the relative strength of the evidentiary signal provided by the proffered statistical evidence; and (3) the parties' relative access to evidence on the element of discriminatory intent. Applying the principles developed here, this Article concludes that the Teamsters systemic disparate treatment theory should be available as a method of proof for plaintiffs in ADEA, ADA, and individual (non-class) cases, but not in hostile work environment cases.
Upaya Meningkatkan Meningkatkan Kemampuan Komunikasi Matematis Siswa dengan Pembelajaran Two Stay Two Stray
Authors: Siallagan Rosdiana Br.
Published: May 2022

This study aims to determine the increase in students' mathematical communication on the Cartesian coordinates of SMP Negeri 2 Tanjung Balai. This type of research is classroom action research with 20 research subjects. The instruments used were tests and observations. The results of observations of student activities during the learning process are 75.5% in the active category, the observation of the results of teacher activities during the learning process is 3.3 in the very good category, the achievement of individual student learning completeness with the correct answer report is at least moderate or 65%, the achievement of learning completeness Classically, there are 85% of students obtaining individual student learning completeness at least moderate or 65%, there is an increase in the average proportion of student communication communication in CYCLE I which is 58.65 and CYCLE II which is 76.565, it can be concluded that the Two Stay Two Stray learning model can improve students' mathematical communication on Cartesian coordinate material.
Analisis Minat dan motivasi Belajar, Pemahaman Konsep dan Kreativitas Siswa terhadap hasil Belajar Siswa dalam Materi Geometri Selama Pembelajaran Dalam Jaringan kelas X SMA Kota Medan
Authors: Sihombing Susi
Published: May 2022

This research is an ex-post facto research which is correlative in nature. The problems investigated in this study are the relationship between interest and creativity variables, conceptual understanding, motivation to mathematics learning outcomes. Data collected were processed using statistical analysis "SPSS and Minitab". The analysis showed that the interest in learning mathematics obtained an average score of 76.84 from a maximum value of 100 with a standard deviation of 7.8 and a variance of 61.67. Furthermore, testing the hypothesis using multiple linear regression analysis, it is concluded that (1) interest in learning mathematics has an influence on the learning outcomes of class students (2) creativity in learning mathematics does not have an effect on the learning outcomes of class students (3) motivation to learn mathematics has an effect on the results. Students 'learning mathematics (4) Understanding the concept of learning mathematics has an influence on students' mathematics learning outcomes.
Implementasi Metode K-Medoids Clustering untuk Pengelompokan Provinsi di Indonesia Berdasarkan Indikator Pendidikan
Authors: Alodia Daffa Alya , Fialine Astrika Praokta , Endriani Desy , Widodo Edy
Published: May 2022

Salah satu tujuan dalam Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) adalah memastikan pendidikan yang inklusif dan berkualitas setara, serta mendukung kesempatan belajar seumur hidup bagi semua. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut, hal yang dapat dilakukan dengan menjalankan program wajib belajar untuk meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan di Indonesia. Pemerataan program wajib belajar ini dapat ditinjau melalui analisis clustering pada beberapa indikator pendidikan di Indonesia. Data yang digunakan diperoleh dari publikasi Statistik Pendidikan tahun ajaran 2019/2020 oleh Badan Pusat Statistik dengan 8 variabel indikator pendidikan SMA/MA sederajat menurut provinsi di Indonesia, yaitu Angka Partisipasi Kasar (APK), Angka Partisipasi Murni (APM), Angka Partisipasi Sekolah (APS), persentase guru layak, Rata-Rata Lama Sekolah (RLS), Angka Melanjutkan (AM), tingkat menyelesaikan sekolah (SMA), dan angka putus sekolah. Metode yang digunakan adalah K-Medoids Clustering. K-Medoids merupakan salah satu metode clustering yang menggunakan teknik pengelompokan partisi dalam mengelompokkan kumpulan n objek menjadi ke dalam k cluster. Dari hasil analisis, diperoleh tiga cluster. Cluster pertama terdapat 6 provinsi dengan indikator pendidikan tinggi, cluster kedua terdapat 13 provinsi dengan indikator pendidikan sedang, dan cluster ketiga terdapat 15 provinsi dengan indikator pendidikan rendah.
Percepción de profesionales de enfermería sobre la satisfacción de necesidades espirituales del paciente con cáncer
Authors: Loza Sosa Jannette Marga
Published: May 2022

Introducción: En la actualidad el interés y la preocupación por la espiritualidad y su relación con la calidad de vida de los pacientes con cáncer es creciente. El objetivo fue: identificar la percepción de los profesionales de enfermería sobre la satisfacción de las necesidades espirituales, de su influencia en la calidad del cuidado del paciente con cáncer y de la manera de satisfacer las mismas. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, de tipo cualitativo, en el servicio de Oncología Caja Nacional de Salud del Hospital Obrero N.º 2 de Cochabamba. La población estuvo constituida por 11 profesionales de enfermería que laboran en el servicio oncológico y la muestra la conformaron 8 enfermeras a las que se les procedió a una entrevista en profundidad. Resultados: La totalidad de los profesionales de enfermería entrevistados consideró que es importante el cuidado espiritual en el paciente con cáncer, para mantener, su bienestar y promover la búsqueda, recursos internos que le permitan afrontar la situación presente, participar en el tratamiento, mejorar su capacidad de relación con los demás. Discusión: Durante la investigación, las entrevistas en profundidad fueron una manera oportuna y válida de obtener información desde la visión de los profesionales que brindan cuidados a los pacientes con cáncer en el servicio, lo que posibilitó interpretar sus significados sobre el cuidado espiritual, comprender los saberes y percepciones que tienen respecto al mismo y la manera en que darían respuesta a las necesidades afectadas que los mismos presenten.
„Europa” odnaleziona
Authors: Giżycki Marcin
Published: May 2022

Europa, film awangardowy Stefana i Franciszki Themersonów z 1932 r., inspirowany poematem Anatola Sterna, uchodził za zaginiony podczas II wojny światowej. Został jednak odnaleziony w Bundesarchive przez pracowników berlińskiego oddziału Instytutu Pileckiego. Odrestaurowana kopia filmu miała premierę na London Film Festival w październiku 2021 r. Teraz mamy możliwość porównania naszych wyobrażeń o tym dziele z oryginałem, który nie rozczarowuje. Europa jest poetycką wizją naszego świata popadającego w obłęd, nazbyt konsumpcyjnego i przygotowującego się do nowej wojny. Składa się ze swobodnie płynących obrazów w duchu symfonii wielkomiejskich Cavalcantiego i Wiertowa. Themersonowie zastosowali w filmie kilka technik poklatkowych, wśród nich „animowany fotogram” własnego wynalazku. Pozostaje pytanie, czy odnaleziona wersja, ewidentnie przygotowana z myślą o pokazach we Francji, jest identyczna z tą, która była pokazywana przed wojną w Warszawie. (Materiał nierecenzowany).
Oscar Micheaux i początki kina afroamerykańskiego
Authors: Loska Krzysztof
Published: May 2022

Autor omawia początki kina afroamerykańskiego na przykładzie twórczości Oscara Micheaux (1884-1951) – jednego z najwybitniejszych przedstawicieli tzw. filmu rasowego – i sytuuje jego twórczość w szerszym kontekście społecznym, kulturowym i politycznym, na tle działalności innych przedstawicieli branży, którzy w drugiej i trzeciej dekadzie XX w. podejmowali próby realizacji filmów przeznaczonych dla czarnej publiczności. Autor zwraca uwagę na szereg aspektów kształtujących kulturę filmową w społeczności afroamerykańskiej, takich jak system dystrybucji i promocji, praktyki wystawiennicze, wpływ cenzury na ostateczny kształt dzieła. Uwzględnia również zagadnienia stylistyczne oraz tematykę podejmowaną w „filmach rasowych”, a związaną z kwestią awansu społecznego, narracją emancypacyjną, polemiką ze stereotypami rasowymi, strategią „uchodzenia za białego” (passing) oraz obecnością tematów kontrowersyjnych (jak lincz i małżeństwa „międzyrasowe”).
Paranoja „noir”. Ukryta rzeczywistość czarnego kryminału
Authors: Włodek Patrycja
Published: May 2022

Paranoja jest częstym tematem filmowo-serialowym, ujawniającym się zarówno w udramatyzowanych reprezentacjach zaburzeń, jak i w narracjach spiskowych. Niekiedy paranoja funkcjonuje nie tylko jako element fabularny, ale też określa strukturę narracji oraz dobór pozostałych środków filmowych. Może również funkcjonować jako metafora. Przykładem zjawiska filmowego, w którego tożsamość jest wpisana – zarówno jako temat, jak i kategoria determinująca atmosferę danego dzieła – jest film noir. W trzech konwencjach należących do szerokiego spectrum filmowego czarnego kryminału paranoja stanowi także metaforę i pozwala zbudować komentarz do świata pozaekranowego. Są to gothic noir, puzzle/mind-game films i stoner noir, których twórcy, posługując się subiektywizującymi zabiegami narracyjnymi, łączą jednostkowe postrzeganie paranoiczne z obiektywnie istniejącymi spiskami, problematyzując w ten sposób rzeczywistość współczesną realizacji w kategoriach zarówno indywidualnych, jak i zbiorowych.
Od redakcji
Authors: Kosińska Karolina
Published: May 2022

Wprowadzenie do tematyki numeru.
Table des matières
Authors: Rutkowska Teresa
Published: May 2022

Spis treści w języku francuskim.
Evidencias psicométricas de la Escala de Bienestar Psicológico para adultos en estudiantes universitarios de Tacna, Perú
Authors: Heredia-Mongrut José Enrique , Romero Alatrista Cynthia
Published: May 2022

El objetivo del presente artículo es analizar las propiedades psicométricas de la Escala de Bienestar Psicológico para adultos (BIEPS-A) de Casullo (2002) aplicada a una muestra de 423 estudiantes universitarios de Tacna, pertenecientes a las Facultades de Arquitectura y Urbanismo, Educación y Humanidades, Ciencias Empresariales e Ingeniería cuyas edades fluctúan entre 17 y 42 años. Luego de administrado el test, se efectúo un análisis factorial confirmatorio con cuatro factores específicos, revelando deficientes valores de bondad de ajuste para el modelo tetrafactorial. De igual modo, se procedió a analizar la consistencia interna a través del coeficiente de fiabilidad de McDonald, encontrando valores deficientes para la muestra de estudio.
AZƏRBAYCANDA İQTİSADİ İSLAHATLARIN HƏYATA KEÇİRİLMƏSİ XÜSUSİYYƏTLƏRİ VƏ PROBLEMLƏRİ
Authors: Hajizadeh Nurla
Published: May 2022

ELMİ ƏSƏRLƏR TOPLUSU, XXIBURAXILIŞ, BAKI -2021
Key Aspects of Analysis of Profit and Profitability of Georgian Winemaking on the Example of JSC “Badagoni”
Authors: Bezhan  Shereshashvili Bezhan  Shereshashvili , Levan  Sabauri Levan  Sabauri
Published: May 2022

Profit is the main goal and the ultimate financial result of the business. Profit is an absolute indicator of the business operations of an enterprise and the main source of formation of its financial resources. Profit provides a characterization of the economic result obtained by enterprise as a result of its activities and, as a key indicator for assessing the activities of the enterprise, profit contributes to an increase in production, sales and product quality. The analysis of profit indicators allows us to draw important conclusions, but does not show the level of use of economic resources by the company. It is noteworthy that the starting point of a company's financial conditions and its stable business development largely depends on the efficient use of the economic resources. For these purposes, the relative rate of return – profitability - is used, which is calculated on different bases, for example: indicators of operating expenses, total expenses, average annual value of assets, capital employed, etc. The profitability analysis improves the results of the performance analysis, since it is the profitability ratios that characterize the level of efficiency of the resources used. Considering all the above, we can say that profitability is also a strong indicator of the quality of the assessment of the management of enterprise, since it determines how purposefully the management uses the economic resources of the company. Thus, the main task of management is to guide and control the indicators of the profit and profitability. In this article, a study of the main issues of the analysis of profit and profitability was carried out on the basis of the audited financial statements of the JSC “Badagoni” for the production of Georgian wine for 2018-2019. The document outlines the directions for improving the company's financial results and outlines measures for increasing profitability.
Keywords: Profit; Earnings, Operating Profit; Advanced Capital; Profitability, Profitability Factor Analysis
Tracking the state of pacemakers modeled by the van der Pol equation
Authors: Shcherbak Volodymyr , Dmytryshyn Iryna
Published: May 2022

It is known that in many applications of physics, biology and other sciences as an approximate dynamic model of complex nonlinear oscillatory processes a model of one or more interconnected van der Pol oscillators or some of its modifications is used \cite{ShD01}. For this reason, nonlinear oscillators are studied as a method of modeling, analysis or even control in various fields, such as electronics \cite{ShD02}, control, robotics \cite{ShD03, ShD04}, biomedical research \cite{ShD05}, geology \cite{ShD06} and others. Naturally, in such modeling there are problems in determining the state and parameters of the models based on the results of measuring the output signals in real time.
One of these problems, namely: the problem of determining the state of pacemaker models, which are obtained as certain modifications of the van der Pol oscillator equation, is considered in this paper. In the scientific literature, publications on the modeling of cardiovascular activity using oscillatory systems are widely represented. In recent years, among them there are works that are related to the solution of inverse problems for such models. In particular, in \cite{ShD07} using differential-geometric methods of control theory, a general scheme for constructing asymptotically accurate estimates of the state of a two-dimensional dynamical system is proposed. The obtained results are used to effectively solve the problem of observing two models of pacemakers.
In our case in this observation problem we used the method of invariant relations \cite{ShD08}, which was developed in analytical mechanics to find partial solutions (dependencies between variables) in the problems of dynamics of a rigid body with a fixed point. Modification of this method to the problems of control theory, observation, identification allowed to synthesize between known and unknown values of the original system additional connections that arise during the motion of its extended model \cite{ShD09, ShD10, ShD11}. The corresponding technique is to expand the original system by introducing additional controlled differential equations and immersing the original system in a system of greater dimension, which due to its sufficiently free structure is more suitable for constructing an observer or identifier. Controls in an extended system are used to synthesize on its trajectories pre-proposed relations that define the unknown components of the mathematical model (phase vector, parameters) as functions of known quantities. The obtained theoretical results are illustrated by numerical simulations of the corresponding nonlinear observers in Section 5.
Observer design for a flexible structure with distributed and point sensors
Authors: Zuyev Alexander , Kalosha Julia
Published: May 2022

The paper is devoted to the observability study of a dynamic system, which describes the vibrations of an elastic beam with an attached rigid body and distributed control actions. The mathematical model is derived using Hamilton's principle in the form of the Euler-Bernoulli beam equation with hinged boundary conditions and interface condition at the point of attachment of the rigid body. It is assumed that the sensors distributed along the beam provide output information about the deformation in neighborhoods of the specified points of the beam.
Based on the variational form of the equations of motion, the spectral problem for defining the eigenfrequencies and eigenfunctions of the beam oscillations is obtained.
Some properties of the eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of the spectral problem are investigated.
Finite-dimensional approximations of the dynamic equations are constructed in the linear manifold spanned by the system of eigenfunctions. For these Galerkin approximations, observability conditions for the control system with incomplete information about the state are derived.
An algorithm for observer design with an arbitrary number of modal coordinates is proposed for the differential equation on a finite-dimensional manifold.
Based on a quadratic Lyapunov function with respect to the coordinates of the finite-dimensional state vector, the exponential convergence of the observer dynamics is proved.
The proposed method of constructing a dynamic observer makes it possible to estimate the full system state by the output signals characterizing the motion of particular point only.
Numerical simulations illustrate the exponential decay of the norm of solutions of the system of ordinary differential equations that describes the observation error.
Hubungan Sikap Siswa Terhadap Hasil Pembelajaran Fisika SMA N 1 Kota Sungai Penuh
Authors: Wirayuda Ricky Purnama , Wandai Rimi , Ginting Agnes Aktapianti Br.
Published: May 2022

Tujuan Penelitian: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk meneliti tentang hubungan antara sikap siswa terhadap hasil pembelajaran siswa pada mata pelajaran fisika SMAN 1 Kota Sungai penuh.

Metodologi: Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kuantitatif dengan subjek penelitian berjumlah 40 peserta didik. Data pada penelitian ini dikumpulkan melalui angket yang disebar seacra online.

Temuan utama: Hasil menunjukan bahwa yang diproleh ini di lihat pada uji korelasi person mendapatkan yang dilihat dari hasil nilai signifikansi Sig. (2-tailed) adalah 0,000 yang berarti bahwa ada hubungan dari sikap kemandirian siswa dengan hasil belajar siswa.

Keterbaruan penelitian: Setelah dilakukan penelitian didapatkan keterbaharuan dari penelitian ini yaitu hubungan sikap sisea terhadap pembelajaran fisika.