bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Latino Paradox, the Racial Invariance Thesis, and Recidivism Among a Sample of Juvenile Offenders
Authors: Lowery Patrick G. , Zicari Dominic J.
Published: October 2022

A plenitude of research on juvenile recidivism exists within the criminological literature, and some scholars have suggested using the Latino paradox and racial invariance thesis to make sense of racial and other disparities in recidivism. However, there is an extremely limited body of literature that tests one or both of these theories on juvenile recidivism, and the research which does exist is limited in its generalizability. To address this gap, we use statewide data from Virginia’s Department of Juvenile Justice over 5 years to test the Latino paradox and racial invariance thesis. Furthermore, given the nested nature of the data (juveniles within counties/independent cities), we merged county-level data from the Virginia State Police and American Community Survey into the data and used two-level hierarchical generalized linear models to analyze the data. Our findings largely supported the Latino paradox and offered some support for the second interpretation of the racial invariance thesis. Implications for theory and recommendations for public policy are discussed.
Analysis of Twitter posts for evaluation of Corporate Social Responsibility in the leather industry
Authors: Pons Adrià , Rius Josep , Vintró Carla , Gallart Agapito
Published: October 2022

Leather industry is facing the consequences of their historic lack of communication and now are under an increasing pressure to communicate their position and policies with regards to corporate social responsibility (CSR), informing consumers about the corporations’ good intentions and actions to recover clarity and be able to affirm without doubts that responsibly manufactured leather is sustainable. Under this context, this paper aims to examine CSR communication in the leather sector on Twitter identifying the main topics of CSR and the main participants in the creation of content and thus contribute to the development of CSR strategies for the leather industry. A software framework has been implemented in order to manage big text data in the study of CSR and sentiment computational content analysis to classify the tweets as positive, negative, or neutral. The results show that the general public associates leather with the environment, sustainability, and fashion. The general opinion about the leather industry’s CSR is rather neutral. Nonetheless, negative opinions occupy a close second place, and positive opinions are rare. Lastly, alternative bio-materials sneak in the industry reshaping the opinions to more positive ones.
Routine Pathological Examination of Clinically Presumed Dupuytren Disease: Does It Add Value?
Authors: Uhlman Kathryn , Bonert Michael , Murphy Jessica , Duku Eric , Naqvi Asghar , Thoma Achilles
Published: October 2022

Background:

In surgery for Dupuytren disease (DD), palmar fascia specimens are routinely submitted for pathological evaluation. The purpose of this study was to determine the rate of discordant diagnosis and the value of, and costs associated with, routine pathological analysis of palmar fascia tissue extracted in surgery for clinically diagnosed DD.

Methods:

All pathology reports for in-house palmar fascia specimens obtained in surgery for clinically diagnosed DD (time period: January 2001 to December 2020) were retrieved from one academic institution. All specimens were classified by a hierarchical free-text string matching algorithm (HFTSMA) and searched for evidence of malignancy. The primary outcome was percentage of concordant, discrepant, and discordant diagnoses. Secondary outcomes included anatomical location and costs. The HFTSMA was used to capture the anatomical location. Costs included professional, laboratory processing, and ancillary fees based on the Ontario Schedule of Benefits.

Results:

The search retrieved 1323 pathology reports, with 1480 palmar fascia specimens, from 1078 individual patients. By diagnosis, 96.1% of specimens (1422/1480) were concordant (fibromatosis), 3.9% (58/1480) were discrepant (scarring/fibrosis, benign fascia/connective tissue, or other benign findings), and 0% (0/1480) were discordant. The most common location was ring finger (n = 381, 48.7%). Ancillary testing was minimal. The cost per palmar fascia specimen was estimated to be CAD $34.57. The institutional costs were approximately CAD $2558.18/year.

Conclusions:

Routine pathological examination of specimens in cases of clinically diagnosed DD does not yield additional clinically important findings and may not warrant their costs.
The Importance of Social Networks for Support and Health Beliefs throughout Pregnancy
Authors: Prochnow Tyler , Arlinghaus Katherine R , Johnston Craig A
Published: October 2022

Pregnancy is a unique time when health care providers have more regular contact with women. Using this time to more fully understand the social influences at play can provide physicians an opportunity to leverage networks to improve health and wellbeing while stemming the exposure to health misinformation. Advocating for supportive social networks or exercise groups/programs can provide additional support and behavioral reinforcement which is needed for sustained behavior change. In this manner, fostering these networks is likely more beneficial to supporting healthy exercise behavior during pregnancy than education alone.
Doing Embodied Mapping/s: Becoming-With in Qualitative Inquiry
Authors: Rieger Janice , Devlieger Patrick , Van Assche Kristof , Strickfaden Megan
Published: October 2022

Qualitative research often involves the collection of data from multiple sources, inclusive of the embodied and multisensorial. These differing data sources, that are not language based, pose difficulties for researchers. Often this multimodal data is collected alongside interviews, field notes and other language-based data and then translated into language. In the process of this translation, the embodied, relational, and multisensorial aspects of this data is often lost. To address this issue, we created E mbodied Mapping/s (EM) as an approach for collecting, analyzing and becoming-with non-language-based data. This doing of embodied mapping/s is not about fixing lines and encounters in order to produce a two-dimensional cartography, plan or model; on the contrary it is about exploring differing embodiments and material relations among people and things to create a new inquiry in embodied and multisensorial research and methodologies. Embodied mapping/s suggests a need for a more holistic exploration of qualitative methodologies beyond language and visual communication. Through centralising embodiment, not only as an analytical method but also as something that informs innovative methodologies and methods, these doings of embodied mapping/s offer something novel to qualitative inquiry and embodied methodologies. To evidence the doing of embodied mapping/s, two multi-sited case studies in Canada will be explored—the Canadian War Museum in Ottawa; and the Canadian Museum for Human Rights in Winnipeg, to advance methodological insights in relation to multimodal and multisensorial research.
High expression of ECT2 and E2F1 is associated with worse clinical manifestations and prognosis in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Peng Shixiong , Wang Jinhang , Chen Yanping , Hei Naiheng , Zhao Jianguang , Wu Xinjuan , Cui Zifeng
Published: October 2022

To detect the expression, prognostic value, and possible effects of epithelial cell transforming sequence 2 (ECT2) and E2F1 in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Seventy subjects hospitalized for OSCC surgical treatment in the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University were selected for this study. Expression levels of ECT2 and E2F1 were detected by qRT-PCR, Western blot, and immunohistochemistry. The Kaplan-Meier method and Cox risk proportional regression analysis were used to analyze the relationship between different expression levels of ECT2 or E2F1 and the survival of patients with OSCC in 3 years. Relative expression levels of E2F1 mRNA (1.31 ± 0.15) and ECT2 mRNA (3.95 ± 0.72) in OSCC tissues, compared to adjacent normal tissues (0.87 ± 0.11, 1.03 ± 0.23, all p < 0.05). ECT2 was highly expressed in 42 (60.00%) OSCC samples and E2F1 was highly expressed in 45 (64.29%) samples. The expression of ECT2 and E2F1 was related to clinical stage, lymphatic metastasis, tumor differentiation grade, and tumor diameter in OSCC patients. The higher the expression of ECT2 and E2F1, the lower the 3-year survival rate of patients. ECT2 high expression (HR=2.407, p < 0.001), E2F1 high expression of E2F1 (HR = 2.159, p = 0.013), Clinical stages (III+IV) (HR = 1.362, p = 0.012), medium and low differentiation (HR = 1.522, p = 0.015), lymphatic metastasis (HR = 1.951, p < 0.001), and tumor diameter (≥3 cm) (HR = 1.824, p = 0.002) could be independent factors for 3-year survival of patients with OSCC. The expression of ECT2 and E2F1 in OSCC was significantly up-regulated, which was closely related to clinical stage, lymph node metastasis, tumor size, and 3-year survival of OSCC patients.
Survival of a small reintroduced griffon vulture population in the Apennines: Insights from Global Positioning System tracking
Authors: Monti Flavio , Serroni Pietro , Rotondaro Francesco , Sangiuliano Alberto , Sforzi Andrea , Opramolla Giancarlo , Pascazi Antonello , Spacca Samuele , La Civita Filippo , Posillico Mario
Published: October 2022

Conservation translocations ( e. g., restocking, reintroductions) represent efficient tools to prevent the extinction or favouring the return of previously extirpated populations into the wild. Evaluating demographic parameters of translocated populations is a key issue to assess and monitor their conservation status and to provide evidences useful to implement management actions aimed at long-term conservation results. We report first data on survival estimates and related mortality causes for a reintroduced population of Eurasian griffon vultures ( Gyps fulvus) in the central-southern Apennine, Italy, from satellite telemetry data. Twenty vultures have been fitted with solar-powered Global Positioning System (GPS) tags in Pollino National Park (PNP, southern Italy, N = 9) and Monte Velino Reserve (MVR, central Italy, N = 11). Survival has been estimated on a total amount of 173,568 GPS fixes from December 2016 to October 2020 (1415 days) using the Fleming-Harrington estimator. Five, out of 20 vultures, died by poisoning (40%), collision with wind turbines (20%) and of unknown causes (40%). Two birds dispersed from MVR to France (though they later came back) and one from PNP to Croatia. Estimated survival rate across the whole study period was 0.709 (±0.11, SE; 0.523–0.961, 95% CI), and annual survival rate was 0.915 (±0.06, SE; 0.846–0.990, 95% CI). No significant differences in survival rates have been detected according to sex or age. As mortality in our study was mainly human-caused, we urge relevant institutions and agencies to strengthen and effectively establish anti-poison strategies, as well as implementing mitigation and prevention measures for the existing and planned wind farms. The establishment of a long-term viable population in the central-southern Apennines will depend upon both lower levels of human-caused mortality and habitat preservation.
Effect of the Length of the Microcycle on the Daily External Load, Fatigue, Sleep Quality, Stress, and Muscle Soreness of Professional Soccer Players: A Full-Season Study
Authors: Oliva Lozano José M. , Muyor José M. , Pérez-Guerra Andrés , Gómez David , Garcia-Unanue Jorge , Sanchez-Sanchez Javier , Felipe José Luis
Published: October 2022

Background:

The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of the length of the microcycle (ie, training period from the day after the match to the following match) on the daily external load and perceived wellness of professional soccer players (Spanish LaLiga Smartbank).

Hypothesis:

The length of the microcycle has a significant effect on the daily external load and perceived wellness.

Study Design:

Longitudinal study.

Level of Evidence:

Level 3.

Methods:

Data were collected daily during a full season using perceived wellness questionnaires and electronic performance and tracking systems.

Results:

The length of the microcycle had a significant effect on volume- and intensity-related external load variables. There were differences between short, regular, and long microcycles depending on the day of the microcycle. These differences were observed in all external load variables. However, no significant differences between short, regular, or long microcycles were found on match day for any external load variable, except for high-intensity decelerations. Regarding the perceived wellness, the length of the microcycle had no effect on these variables, and there were no significant interactions between the length and the day of the microcycle.

Conclusion:

The length of the microcycle had a significant effect on volume- and intensity-related external load variables, but no significant effect on perceived wellness was observed.

Clinical Relevance:

These data may help strength and conditioning coaches understand that workload periodization should take this contextual variable into account, especially for external training load. In addition, this study may serve as a guide for practitioners to know the physical requirements of professional soccer players in Spanish LaLiga Smartbank, because the weekly external load profile and perceived wellness have been reported for different lengths of the microcycles. Thus, these data may be used for player load management.
Commute based learning: Integrating literature across transportation, education, and i-o psychology
Authors: Danna Gabrielle C. , Randall Jason G. , Mahabir Bhindai K.
Published: October 2022

Though commuting is often seen as a source of stress, commuters may take advantage of travel time to pursue learning and developmental goals—a concept we refer to as Commute-Based Learning (CBL). We draw on self-regulation and learning and development theories to define CBL in terms of its context, content, and process and present the findings of a systematic review of multitasking activities in the transportation literature. This review demonstrates that (a) travel-based activities related to learning are increasingly prevalent, (b) people enjoy being productive during their commutes, and (c) commute mode and environmental characteristics impact multitasking and evaluations of the commute itself. We then integrate these review findings with psychological theories to propose a framework specifying the predictors of CBL, its benefits, and drawbacks, and the commute mode's moderating influence. These efforts yield several practical implications and future research directions to increase CBL's potential benefits while reducing potential harm.
Pornography Use and Sexting Trends Among American Adolescents: Data to Inform School Counseling Programming and Practice
Authors: Giordano Amanda L. , Schmit Michael K. , Clement Kervins , Potts Ellie E. , Graham Adrienne R.
Published: October 2022

To better inform school counseling programming and practice, we assessed trends related to pornography use and sexting behaviors among adolescents. Approximately 53% of the sample had seen pornography, with an average age of 11.5 years old at first exposure. Almost 15% of adolescents had sent a sext and 24.3% had received a sext. The correlation between pornography use and sending a sext was significant. We discuss gender and racial differences and implications for school counselors.
School Counselors’ Lived Experiences of Support Received During the RAMP Designation Process: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis
Authors: Harman Lindsay
Published: October 2022

The American School Counselor Association’s Recognized ASCA Model Program (RAMP) designation identifies exemplary comprehensive school counseling programs. Leadership stakeholders often support school counselors in RAMP achievement. This qualitative, interpretative phenomenological analysis explored the lived experiences of seven school counselors regarding support received during the RAMP-seeking process. The findings from this research reveal four emergent themes regarding school counselors’ lived support experiences. This article indicates implications for leadership stakeholders and recommendations for future research.
Experience from E-Government Services: A Topic Model Approach
Authors: Dash Satya Bhusan , Jain Avinash
Published: October 2022

Governments globally are striving to improve citizens’ service delivery by adopting digital technologies, such as online portals and call centres. Although digitization provides an opportunity to improve citizens’ satisfaction, to design citizen centric e-government services, agencies need to proactively understand citizens’ experiences. This study explored the Google Play reviews of UMANG (an aggregated e-government mobile application of the Government of India). We aggregated 4,921 reviews provided from March 2020 to April 2021. We first theoretically (using the S-O-R framework) and empirically (link between sentiment polarity and user rating) examined the validity of user reviews to extract insights into citizens’ experiences. Subsequently, we extracted eight topics related to citizens’ experiences by using latent Dirichlet allocation, an unsupervised machine learning algorithm. The following topics were identified—perceived usefulness, ease of use, product feature experience, delivery turnaround time, technological experience, login experience, customer care experience, and payment experience. We validated identified topics by determining the inter-rater agreement between LDA and human rater output. Finally, we calculated the relative importance of the identified topics and topic-wise sentiment polarity. The findings of this study can help in designing citizen centric e-government services and prioritizing the right dimension of citizens’ experience.
Diabetes self-care activities and perception and glycemic control in adult Puerto Rican residents with Type 2 Diabetes: The LLIPDS Study
Authors: Llera-Fábregas Alejandro , Pérez-Ríos Naydi , Camacho-Monclova Dahianira M , Ramirez-Vick Margarita , Andriankaja Oelisoa M
Published: October 2022

Background:

Individuals with diabetes frequently have comorbid health conditions and suffer longer term complications. The control of blood glucose relies on diabetes management/self-care behaviors. Poor glycemic control, commonly encountered in underserved populations with type 2 diabetes (T2D) often results from inadequate diabetes self-care activities and/or perception. We aimed to assess the association between diabetes self-care activities/perception and glycemic control in adult Puerto Rican residents with T2D.

Design and methods:

We used a cross-sectional study design; our sample population was 260 individuals aged 40–65 years with T2D. We asked participants about their diabetes self-care over 8 weeks. High fasting blood glucose (≥130 mg/dL) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c; ≥7%) measures were defined. We estimated the strength of the following associations using logistic regression: each of three self-care activities and fasting glucose or HbA1c, adjusting for confounders.

Results:

Nearly 27% of the participants reported not checking their glucose levels, 7% did not take their medications as prescribed and 31% perceived their diabetes self-care as poor. Participants with less education perceived their diabetes self-care as poor more often than their counterparts (44% vs 25%; p = 0.003). Most participants had high glycemic levels (60%) or hbA1c levels (65%). Participants who perceived their diabetes self-care as poor had higher HbA1c levels than their counterparts (adj. odds ratio: 2.14, 95% CI (1.13, 4.08)).

Conclusion:

Poor diabetes self-care perception, possibly related to less education, likely explains poor glycemic control among adult Puerto Rican residents with T2D.
The Financial Considerations of Employing a Dedicated Chaperone in Clinical Practice
Authors: Maizlin Nick N , Black Stephanie , Ayeni Olubimpe
Published: October 2022

Introduction: Medical associations and medicolegal bodies are urging for increased chaperone use by physicians during intimate physical examinations in clinical practice (such as breast or pelvic examinations). However, widespread chaperone use is limited by factors such as staff availability and financial considerations. Presently, there is a scarcity of information available regarding the cost of hiring a dedicated chaperone. This study investigates the cost of hiring a chaperone and its financial implications for a physician's clinical practice. Materials and Methods: Using data from the Government of Canada website, the range of salary rates for clinic staff who can act as a chaperone in Canada was analyzed. The cost of hiring a chaperone was estimated to be in the range between the cost of hiring a minimum-wage worker and a nurse (the highest-paid hired medical office staff). Obstetrics and Gynecology as well as Plastic Surgery urban community practices were consulted regarding the costs of operating a clinic. Results: The approximate annual income for a minimum-wage worker in Canada is $29,250 CAD. Registered nurses earn on average $72,783.75 CAD per year. The cost of operating a private clinic practice with one staff member in Canada is on average $102,500 CAD per year. Thus, hiring an additional full-time chaperone could increase clinic expenses by approximately 49% per year, bringing the clinic cost to approximately $153,517 CAD per year. For part-time employment, the annual cost of hiring a chaperone is approximately $10,203 CAD for each day/week of employment. Conclusion: In terms of financial considerations, hiring a chaperone can increase clinic expenses by approximately one-and-a-half times. The findings of this study provide an important reference for physicians and may assist with the decision to employ chaperones in clinical practice.
Online Undergraduate Trial Advocacy Training in Malaysia During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Wood Simon Alexander
Published: October 2022

One of the significant challenges in legal education during the coronavirus pandemic 2020–2022 was effectively conducting remote practical advocacy courses. This article addresses that issue by reporting results of a study conducted of final-year undergraduate law students taking part in a civil trial advocacy course conducted over two semesters, as part of their regular studies in their degree course. Candidates were surveyed at the conclusion of their studies on issues including what technology students used to take part in the course, technological issues encountered as part of their studies, whether they perceived that remote training was inferior or superior to in-person training, and what were their attitudes to specific issues in the remote course on advocacy including witness cheating, making objections, team cooperation, sharing of workload and assessment of student participation and performance. The survey results have validated the author’s hypothesis that in-person trial advocacy training provides better training than a remote course. However, none of the five supposed limitations of remote training were validated. In fact, for many students, specific aspects of the remote course were viewed as conducive to better student training or at least reducing the practical inconvenience of some aspects of in-person advocacy training. This provides some reassurance to educators that remote training provides an effective, if slightly less preferable, mode in which to teach practical advocacy. This is encouraging when it seems that remote advocacy in the legal profession appears likely to remain a feature of legal practice indefinitely. Based on the salutary information received from the study, it is recommended that legal educators periodically conduct such voluntary surveys for the remote teaching of skills-based courses
Research Partnerships with Patients Living with Type 2 Diabetes: Practices and Challenges in Quebec Among People New to Canada
Authors: Balla Séraphin , Dogba Maman Joyce , Kastner Monika
Published: October 2022

Patients are increasingly encouraged to participate in health research programs as partners, with the aim to ensure that studies address their priorities. In response, the Strategy for Patient-Oriented Research (SPOR) has been created in Canada to transform the patient’s role in research from a passive beneficiary to a more proactive partner of change within the healthcare system. This research investigates what people new to Canada living with type 2 diabetes think about participating in research partnerships. Using an ethnographic approach, 31 people new to Canada with a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes were interviewed. Findings indicated that few people new to Canada were represented among the Diabetes Action Canada (DAC) Network’s Circles of Patient Partners in Quebec. Barriers to engagement in research were: lack of information; competing priorities; language barrier and privacy concerns; preconceptions about being a patient partner; prejudices on research engagement as something demanding and binding; and the matter of religious and gender differences. Some participants questioned the extent to which involvement in research can really meet their expectations considering institutional control over research, funding requirements that often dictate priorities and the biomedical approach which still, in many respects, dominates health research. Implications for achieving equity, diversity, and inclusion of patient partners in research are discussed.
Afghanistan in Anarchy: America’s Withdrawal, Taliban Rule and Regional Implications for Central Asia
Authors: Sullivan Charles J.
Published: October 2022

This article analyses the geopolitical repercussions of America’s military withdrawal from Afghanistan and the Afghan Taliban’s seizure of power in 2021. Since the Afghan Taliban continue to disregard the principal terms of the 2020 Doha Agreement brokered by the United States, Afghanistan is descending into chaos. The Afghan Taliban is unable to provide ordinary Afghans with basic living necessities, lacks international recognition and must contend against other violent extremist organizations operating within the country. Thus far, the Central Asian republics (Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and Tajikistan) have exhibited varying responses to the Afghan Taliban’s takeover. While the ‘Stans’ are all anxious about the potential spread of radical Islam and a looming humanitarian crisis, the greater threat to Ashgabat, Tashkent and Dushanbe, as well as Bishkek and Nur-Sultan, lies with the United States pivoting away from Central Asia and the Russian Federation acquiring greater leverage over regional security issues.
Subacute cognitive impairment after first-ever transient ischemic attack or ischemic stroke in young adults: The ODYSSEY study
Authors: Schellekens Mijntje MI , Boot Esther M , Verhoeven Jamie I , Ekker Merel S , van Alebeek Mayte E , Brouwers Paul JAM , Arntz Renate M , van Dijk Gert W , Gons Rob AR , van Uden Inge WM , den Heijer Tom , de Kort Paul LM , de Laat Karlijn F , van Norden Anouk , Vermeer Sarah E , van Zagten Marian SG , van Oostenbrugge Robert J , Wermer Marieke JH , Nederkoorn Paul J , van Rooij Frank G , van den Wijngaard Ido R , de Leeuw Frank-Erik , Kessels Roy PC , Tuladhar Anil M
Published: October 2022

Introduction:

We aimed to investigate the prevalence of cognitive impairment in the subacute phase after transient ischemic attack (TIA) and ischemic stroke (IS), factors associated with a vascular cognitive disorder, and the prevalence of subjective cognitive complaints and their relation with objective cognitive performance.

Patients and methods:

In this multicenter prospective cohort study, we recruited patients with first-ever TIA and IS, aged 18–49 years, between 2013 and 2021 for cognitive assessment up to 6 months after index event. We calculated composite Z-scores for seven cognitive domains. We defined cognitive impairment as a composite Z-score < −1.5. We defined major vascular cognitive disorder as a Z-score < −2.0 in one or more cognitive domains.

Results:

Fifty three TIA and 545 IS patients completed cognitive assessment with mean time to assessment of 89.7 (SD 40.7) days. The median NIHSS at admission was 3 (interquartile range, 1–5). Cognitive impairment was common in five domains (up to 37%), with similar proportion in TIA and IS patients. Patients with major vascular cognitive disorder had a lower education level, higher NIHSS scores and more frequent lesions in the left frontotemporal lobe than without vascular cognitive disorder ( p < 0.05 FDR-corrected). Subjective memory and executive cognitive complaints were present in about two-thirds of the patients, but were weakly associated with objective cognitive performance (β: −0.32 and −0.21, respectively).

Discussion and conclusion:

In the subacute phase after TIA or stroke in young adults, cognitive impairment and subjective cognitive complaints are prevalent, but they are weakly associated with each other.
Institutional logics and regional policy failure: Air pollution as a wicked problem in East African cities
Authors: Andres Lauren , Bryson John R , Bakare Hakeem , Pope Francis
Published: October 2022

This paper’s conceptual contribution is to highlight the need to place the identification and analysis of institutional logics at the centre of the hybrid framework for policy analysis, with a focus on air pollution as a wicked problem. Different post-structural approaches to policy development have been developed but there is a need to conceptualise and theorise further how different institutions, organisations, and groups, with different institutional logics, contextualise, construct and prioritise wicked problems as policy challenges; additionally, challenges encountered in specific local contexts have to be untangled. Conflicting institutional logics play an important but overlooked role in the analysis of regional policy cycles. This is the first paper to engage in these debates by identifying and exploring the role institutional logics play in conceptualising wicked problems as policy priorities. To do so, it applies and develops post-structuralist approaches to policy analysis developed in education, combined with an institutional logics approach to explore why no effective air quality policy is yet to emerge in East Africa and specifically in Addis Ababa (Ethiopia), Kampala (Uganda) and Nairobi (Kenya). Four contexts of policy formulation and implementation are identified: context of influence, policy formation, implementation and outcomes along with three types of institutional logics: ‘science’, based on rigor to render societal problems visible; ‘influencer’, led by NGOs and other stakeholders (e.g. citizens) involved in translating problems to foster awareness and support/fund specific programmes and actions to increase viability; and ‘political’ linked to decision-making and policy prioritisation. Conflicting institutional logics as we demonstrate can prevent the formulation and implementation of policy solutions.
Facile Preparation of Superhydrophobic Cotton Fabric Using Silicone Oil and Inorganic Nanoparticles
Authors: Li Shiwei , Quan Heng , Ai Li , Bi Shuguang , Li Qing , You Renchuan
Published: October 2022

Superhydrophobic textiles have attracted great interest due to their special functions and wide applications. However, it is still a huge challenge to construct a durable superhydrophobic coating for large-scale applications due to the complicated process and high cost. In this work, a facile two-step method was developed to construct superhydrophobic cotton fabric with fluorine-free treatment. The cotton fabrics were treated with modified nano SiO2 to construct rough surfaces. Then, the silicone oil was introduced into the surface of the cotton fabric to form superhydrophobic cotton fabric. The results showed that the modified nano SiO2 and silicone oil were stably fixed on the fiber surface. The static water contact angle test showed that contact angle of the modified cotton fabric was 158°, indicating excellent superhydrophobic properties. Furthermore, the self-cleaning and anti-pollution test results showed that the superhydrophobic cotton fabric possessed good self-cleaning and antifouling performance. This superhydrophobic fabric avoids the use of fluoropolymers and reduces the harm to humans and environment, showing a wide range of applications.
On Becoming a Yogi Coach—Part 2
Authors: Ananthanarayanan Raghu , Kishore Bala , Somayaji Manikantan , Shastri Kartik , Sreekumar T. S.
Published: October 2022

The current article aims to offer a set of yogic practices that will enable the coach to transform oneself. The previous article in this series presented a yogic perspective to examine the nature of coaching conversations. The current article elaborates on the linkages between mastery over one’s inner process of psychosomatic arousal and its expression. This article brings out several practices to arrest negative tendencies and develop qualities like self-awareness, contextual intelligence, and deep listening. These qualities enable a coach to be very sensitive to their own subtle inner movements and become capable of multidimensional presence and nurture the inner genius. The present article examines the nature of conversations through the lens of Yoga, Indic theatre and dance. Further the article elucidates practices for awakening the higher chakras. Discussion is done in understanding the psyche using the rasa (feeling qualia) concept and in developing Sakhi (friend) and SAkshi (witness/meditative) bhAva (state of mind) by using the metaphors of dance and rasa. The article further offers a framework for viewing the reality looking through the lens of the self and the other. The article provides key insights and practices for the inner transformation of a coach to develop a multidimensional presence, and thereby enable a powerful transformation for the coachee.
Ashta Lakshmi Framework: Divine Perspective for Building Enlightened Enterprises
Authors: Sambat Brahmachari Sai
Published: October 2022

The article proposes a framework to redefine wealth management by replacing its underlying anthropocentric ethos and perspectives with divine ethos and perspectives. A multidimensional divine perspective of wealth as enunciated in the Ashta Lakshmi (eight forms of wealth) concept is examined to address the challenges posed by the wicked problems humanity is encountering. The article elucidates the correspondence of the framework with sustainable development goals (SDGs) and brings out the nuances of the Dhana Lakshmi (monetary wealth) obsession using the lens of Trigunas (primary three attributes/qualities of nature). The article further provides a phased approach to Ashta Lakshmi balancing and looks at Business Responsibility and Sustainability Report (BRSR) Principles which are interdependent and provides a mapping of BRSR Principles with SDGs and correspondingly with Ashta Lakshmi framework for holistic wealth management.
Spirituality in Management—Timeless Wisdom for Modern Times
Authors: Sreekumar T. S.
Published: October 2022

This article introduces the context of spirituality in management. This is examined from an Indic perspective and illustratively timeless wisdom tenets from the Bhagavad Gita are shared. Implications for management are broadly described from perspectives on the workplace, leadership, management education and research.
Book review: Priyaranjan Nandi, “One for Joy”: A Unique Exploration of Extramarital Intimacy
Authors: Brahmbhatt Rajshekhar J
Published: October 2022

Priyaranjan Nandi, “One for Joy”: A Unique Exploration of Extramarital Intimacy. Xpress Publishing, 2021 (1st Edition), 200 pp., ₹225. ISBN: 978-1-63850-297-5.
Relationships Between Histopathological Findings in the Liver and Prognosis in Patients With Biliary Atresia
Authors: Higashio Atsushi , Yoshioka Takako , Kanamori Yutaka , Fujino Akihiro , Morotomi Yoshiki , Shibata Toshihiko , Nakaoka Tatsuo
Published: October 2022

Background:

Biliary atresia (BA) is a progressive obstructive hepatic disease that requires early diagnosis and the prompt initiation of treatment. Although portoenterostomy (PES) is usually performed as the initial surgical procedure, the liver damage may subsequently progress, such that liver transplantation (LTx) may be required. In this study, we comprehensively evaluated the histopathology of liver samples collected during PES and retrospectively evaluated its relationship with prognosis.

Methods:

Forty-seven patients with BA who underwent PES between 2002 and 2021 were included. Their biopsy samples were semi-quantitatively graded according to the severity of liver fibrosis, bile duct proliferation, cholestasis, ductal plate malformation, and inflammatory cell infiltration; and the expression of cluster of differentiation (CD)3, CD20, human leukocyte antigen II-DR, and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA). The relationships of each with the prevalence of survival with native liver (SNL) were evaluated to identify prognostic markers.

Results:

The median postoperative duration of follow-up was 11.8 years (maximum, 18.0 years; minimum, 3.5 years). There were no deaths during this period, but LTx was performed in 31 patients and the final prevalence of SNL was 34.0% (16/47). There were negative correlations of liver fibrosis and α-SMA with SNL, and a positive correlation between CD20 and SNL. Multivariate analysis using a proportional hazards regression model showed that only CD20 expression was significant.

Conclusions:

Comprehensive histopathological analysis of liver biopsy samples obtained at the time of PES showed a positive correlation between CD20 expression and SNL, suggesting that this may represent a useful prognostic marker.

Level of evidence:

III
Modeling of the mechanical properties of fused deposition modeling (FDM) printed fiber reinforced thermoplastic composites by asymptotic homogenization
Authors: Özen Arda , Auhl Dietmar
Published: October 2022

Fused deposition modeling (FDM) is a low-cost additive manufacturing method with moderate tolerances and high design flexibility. Ample studies are being undertaken for modeling the mechanical properties of FDM by using the Finite Element Method (FEM). The process technique of FDM results in anisotropic inner structures that are affected by the chosen manufacturing parameters. Moreover, composite filaments, such as fiber-reinforced polymers, have anisotropy even in filament form before FDM printing. These anisotropic effects are needed to be examined and incorporated for an adequate model. In order to speed up the design stage, we aim to prepare a practical method for simulating the mechanical properties of FDM-printed fiber-reinforced polymer composites. In this work, we computed the homogenized material properties for various fiber lengths, fiber volume percentages, and fiber orientations by asymptotic homogenization at the microscale. Then, mesoscale simulations are carried out through FEM simulations by incorporating the influences of process parameters. In this way, we demonstrate the effect of various micro- and mesostructural features on the homogenized properties step by step.
SEL, Mindfulness, and the Art of General Music Education
Authors: Varner Edward
Published: October 2022

General music education, if practiced with intentionality, has the potential to be a passionate act of hope with tremendous implications for the academic, social, and emotional needs of students. General music specialists have the capacity to expose students to the very best parts of life itself: joy, playfulness, respect, gratitude, creativity, persistence, resilience, curiosity, and so much more. The general music teacher is well positioned to help students develop relationships with long-held human insights and best practices in living an art filled, meaningful life. A few key skills students can learn in the general music classroom include cooperation, communication, positive peer interactions, recognition and support of the rights of others, dependability, responsibility, focus of personal attention, impulse control, delayed gratification, and acceptance of consequences. All 21st-century life skills that are integral to education and human development.
Efficacy of the monocarbonyl curcumin analog C66 in the reduction of diabetes-associated cardiovascular and kidney complications
Authors: Mladenov Mitko , Bogdanov Jane , Bogdanov Bogdan , Hadzi-Petrushev Nikola , Kamkin Andre , Stojchevski Radoslav , Avtanski Dimiter
Published: October 2022

Curcumin is a polyphenolic compound derived from turmeric that has potential beneficial properties for cardiovascular and renal diseases and is relatively safe and inexpensive. However, the application of curcumin is rather problematic due to its chemical instability and low bioavailability. The experimental results showed improved chemical stability and potent pharmacokinetics of one of its analogs – (2E,6E)-2,6-bis[(2-trifluoromethyl)benzylidene]cyclohexanone (C66). There are several advantages of C66, like its synthetic accessibility, structural simplicity, improved chemical stability (in vitro and in vivo), presence of two reactive electrophilic centers, and good electron-accepting capacity. Considering these characteristics, we reviewed the literature on the application of C66 in resolving diabetes-associated cardiovascular and renal complications in animal models. We also summarized the mechanisms by which C66 is preventing the release of pro-oxidative and pro-inflammatory molecules in the priming and in activation stage of cardiomyopathy, renal fibrosis, and diabetic nephropathy. The cardiovascular protective effect of C66 against diabetes-induced oxidative damage is Nrf2 mediated but mainly dependent on JNK2. In general, C66 causes inhibition of JNK2, which reduces cardiac inflammation, fibrosis, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in the settings of diabetic cardiomyopathy. C66 exerts a powerful antifibrotic effect by reducing inflammation-related factors (MCP-1, NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-1β, COX-2, and CAV-1) and inducing the expression of anti-inflammatory factors (HO-1 and NEDD4), as well as targeting TGF-β/SMADs, MAPK/ERK, and PPAR-γ pathways in animal models of diabetic nephropathy. Based on the available evidence, C66 is becoming a promising drug candidate for improving cardiovascular and renal health.
Sex-specific effects of inbreeding on body colouration and physiological colour change in the cichlid fish Pelvicachromis taeniatus
Authors: Vitt Simon , Bakowski Christina E. , Thünken Timo
Published: October 2022

Background

Colour expression is highly variable in animals. In fishes, rapid colour change, i.e. physiological colour change, can be observed in multiple contexts, e.g. in camouflage or communication, and is affected by various factors, such as stress.Pelvicachromis taeniatusis a cichlid fish from West Africa with sexual dichromatism and both sexes being brightly coloured and flexible in ornament expression. In the present study, inbred and outbredP. taeniatuswere photographed before and after a stress situation to investigate the stress response regarding colour expression in both sexes.

Results

The chromaticity and the colour patch size (relative coloured area at the abdomen) were determined at both timepoints and the changes were analysed. Additionally, the coefficients of variation within family groups for the chromaticity (CVchromaticity) and colour patch size (CVarea) were calculated. Chromaticity as well as the extent of colouration increased significantly following handling stress. The change in chromaticity was not significantly different between in- and outbred individuals in females and males. Inbred males showed more intense yellow colouration than outbred males. Independent from inbreeding, the CVchromaticitydecreased following the handling stress. The change in CVareaof females and males differed between in- and outbred individuals. In females, the decrease was significantly stronger in inbred individuals and in males the decrease was stronger in the outbred group.

Conclusion

The results show that short-term stress can increase colouration, potentially advertising individual’s stress tolerance. Furthermore, this study shows positive inbreeding effects on a sexually selected trait.
Trends and predictions of lung cancer incidence in Jiangsu Province, China, 2009–2030: a bayesian age-period-cohort modelling study
Authors: Jiang Yuchen , Han Renqiang , Su Jian , Fan Xikang , Yu Hao , Tao Ran , Zhou Jinyi
Published: October 2022

Background

Lung cancer is currently the most frequent cancer in Jiangsu Province, China, and the features of cancer distribution have changed continuously in the last decade. The aim of this study was to analyse the trend of the incidence of lung cancer in Jiangsu from 2009 to 2018 and predict the incidence from 2019 to 2030.

Methods

Data on lung cancer incidence in Jiangsu from 2009 to 2018 were retrieved from the Jiangsu Cancer Registry. The average annual percentage change (AAPC) was used to quantify the trend of the lung cancer age-standardized rate (ASR) using Joinpoint software. Bayesian age-period-cohort models were used to predict lung cancer incidence up to 2030.

Results

In Jiangsu, the lung cancer crude rate increased from 45.73 per 100,000 in 2009 to 69.93 per 100,000 in 2018. The lung cancer ASR increased from 29.03 per 100,000 to 34.22 per 100,000 during the same period (AAPC = 2.17%, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.54%, 2.80%). Between 2019 and 2030, the lung cancer ASR is predicted to decrease slightly to 32.14 per 100,000 (95% highest density interval [HDI], 24.99, 40.22). Meanwhile, the ASR showed a downward trend in males and rural regions while remaining stable in females and urban regions.

Conclusion

We predict that the incidence of lung cancer in Jiangsu will decrease in the next 12 years, mainly due to the decrease in males and rural areas. Therefore, future lung cancer prevention and control efforts should be focused on females and urban regions.
Chemotherapy induced juvenile dermatomyositis: a novel presentation- a case report
Authors: Vagha Keta , Akhil Chitturi Venkata Sai , Madirala Spandana , Varma Ashish , Lakra Mahaveer , Vagha Jayant
Published: October 2022

Background

Idiopathic connective tissue disease juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) is characterised by inflammatory myositis and distinctive skin abnormalities. Only a few cases of Dermatomyositis (DM) owing to chemotherapy used to treat cancer have been reported, despite the fact that the link between DM and cancer in adults is widely known. We describe the case of a female, age 14, who experienced DM as a side effect of chemotherapy following enucleation for retinoblastoma. We also discussed our patient's likely pathophysiology of JDM after treatment.

Case presentation

A 14-year-old female came to our facility complaining of trouble walking and bluish-black discoloration on her neck, elbows, forehead, and knees that had been present for eight months. The patient had undergone enucleation of the left eye due to retinoblastoma, followed by 40 cycles of radiation therapy and 13 cycles of chemotherapy with Cyclophosphamide, Etoposide, Carboplatin, Vincristine, and Dactinomycin. Her serum LDH and CPK levels were high, and she tested positive for ANA. The muscle biopsy was consistent with the changes of DM. When electromyography was performed, it revealed tiny, fibrillating, polyphasic motor unit potentials and sharp, positive waves that were suggestive with DM. A diagnosis of JDM was made after taking into account the symptoms, biochemical data, muscle biopsy, and electromyography results. The patient's symptoms started to get better once methotrexate and oral corticosteroids were started.

Conclusion

This case report emphasises the value of ongoing observation after cancer chemotherapy because specific cutaneous and muscle symptoms may lead paediatricians to consider the possibility of chemotherapy-induced JDM, which is uncommon in young patients.