bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Avian Leukosis Virus in Hatchable Eggs of Commercial and Free-Range Chickens
Authors: Oni O.O. , Oluwayinka E.B. , Bankole N. , Aroyehun T.
Published: April 2021

Avian leukosis is caused by various avian retroviruses which induce a variety of benign and malignant neoplasm in chickens with subsequent economic losses to the poultry industry. A survey of avian leukosis in hatchable eggs of apparently healthy chickens was carried out in an attempt to determine the prevalence of avian leukosis virus (ALV) in exotic breeders and free-range indigenous chickens in Oyo state. A total of 188 (76 exotic breeders and 112 free-range chickens) albumen of hatchable eggs were obtained from 3 different commercial breeder farms and 12 free-range indigenous chicken farms. Eggs were tested by an antigen capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique. Eleven out of the 76 albumen obtained from eggs of exotic breeders tested positive to ALV antigen which represents 14.5% while 37 of the 112 albumen from free-range indigenous eggs were confirmed as positive representing 33%. Overall prevalence rate of 25% was recorded for all eggs sampled with the highest prevalence of ALV antigen detected in free-range indigenous chickens than the exotic chickens. The results emphasizes the control of the Avian Leukosis transmission by including both exotic and free-range indigenous birds as wells as the use of ALV free eggs in hatcheries
Diz Osteoartritli Kadınlarda Tamamlayıcı ve Destekleyici Uygulamanın Semptom ve Fonksiyonel Duruma Etkisi
Authors: ÇALIK Afra , KAPUCU Sevgisun
Published: April 2021

Giriş: Osteoartritli (OA) hastaların çoğunda, hastalıkla ilişkili semptomların etkili bir şekilde yönetilmediği görülmektedir. Amaç: Araştırma, diz OA’li kadınların tamamlayıcı ve destekleyici uygulama (TDU) kullanım durumları ile kullanılan yöntemlerin semptom ve fonksiyonel durumunu belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı çalışmanın örneklemini, bir devlet ve bir üniversite hastanesinin romatoloji polikliniğinde Mayıs -Aralık 2017 tarihleri arasında başvuran 255 kadın hasta oluşturmuştur. Çalışmanın verileri, Tanıtıcı Bilgiler Formu ve Diz İncinme ve Osteoartrit Sonuç Skoru Ölçeği (KOOS) kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde, tanımlayıcı istatistikler, Mann-Whitney U testi, Kruskal-Wallis H testi kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Çalışmada, OA’li kadınların %22’sinin TDU ve bunun %75’ini bitkisel desteğin oluşturduğu, hastaların %55.4’ünün sosyal çevre tavsiyesi ile TDU’ya başvurduğu, %83.9’unun ise kullandığı yönteme ilişkin sağlık personeline bilgi vermediği belirlenmiştir. Hastaların yarısı kullandıkları yöntemden fayda gördüklerini ifade etmişlerdir. Hastaların tamamı ağrı şikayetleri nedeniyle TDU yöntemlerini kullandıklarını ifade etmiştir. TDU kullanan hastaların ağrı ve günlük yaşam aktiviteleri puan ortalamalarının, kullanmayan hastalara göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde daha yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir (p < 0.05). TDU kullanan hastaların yaş, eğitim durumu ve hastalık yılına göre KOOS alt boyut puan ortalamaları arasındaki fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmuştur (p < 0.005). Sonuç: Diz OA’lı kadınların ağrı nedeniyle TDU yöntemlerini kullandıkları ve bu yöntemlerden fayda gördükleri belirlenmiştir. Bu yöntemleri kullanan hastaların ağrı ve günlük yaşam aktivite puanlarının kullanmayanlara göre daha yüksek olduğu saptanmıştır.
Klimakterik Dönemdeki Kadınların Menopozal Semptom ve Tutumları
Authors: DÜNDAR Tuğba , AKSU Hilmiye
Published: April 2021

Giriş: Menopoz, klimakteriyum içerisinde yer alan, overlerin fonksiyon kaybı ve menstruasyonun kalıcı olarak kesilmesi ile karakterize bir evredir. Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı; klimakterik dönemdeki kadınların menopozal semptom, menopozal tutum ve tutumlarını etkileyen faktörleri belirlemektir. Yöntem: Analitik-kesitsel tipte yürütülen araştırmanın evrenini, Aydın Kanser Erken Teşhis, Tarama ve Eğitim Merkezi’ne başvuran 5620 kadın oluşturmuştur. Örneklemde 360 kadın yer almıştır. Veriler, soru formu, Menopozal Yakınma Tarama Listesi ve Menopoza İlişkin Tutum Ölçeği kullanılarak yüz yüze görüşme yöntemi ve öz-bildirim yöntemi ile toplanmıştır. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde, tanımlayıcı istatistikler ve regresyon analizi kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Katılımcılar, ortalama 53.07 ± 3.95 yaşında olup %79.7’si menopoz dönemindedir. Ortalama 49.95 ± 1.56 yaşında menopoza giren kadınların %79.1’i menopozla ilgili bilgi almış, %89.1’i menopozal yakınmalarını bir başkası ile paylaşmıştır. Sinirlilik-gerginlik (%56), baş ağrısı-baş dönmesi (%25.6) ve sıcak basması-gece terlemesi (%24) en çok yakınılan menopozal semptomlar olmuştur. Araştırmada yer alan kadınların Menopoza İlişkin Tutum Ölçeği puan ortalaması 35.24 ± 6.13 olarak belirlenmiş olup, katılımcıların daha çok olumsuz tutuma sahip olduğu görülmüştür. Ayrıca kadınların menopozla ilgili bilgi almaları (p = .961), menopoza girmeleri (p = .324) ve menopozal yakınmalarının varlığının (p = .311) kadınların ölçek puanı üzerinde anlamlı bir etkisi olmadığı saptanmıştır. Sonuç: Bu çalışmada, kadınların menopoza yönelik tutumlarının çoğunlukla olumsuz olduğu ve tutumun kadınların bazı menopozal özelliklerinden etkilenmediği görülmüştür.
Yoğun Bakım Hemşirelerinin Ahlaki Duyarlılığı ile Etik Karar Verebilme Düzeyi Arasındaki İlişkinin Belirlenmesi
Authors: CERİT Birgül , ÖZTÜRK Esra
Published: April 2021

Giriş: Yoğun bakımda yatan hastaların genellikle hayati riskinin olması, yakın izlem gerektirmesi ve özel bakım gereksinimlerinin olması, bu birimde görev yapan hemşirelerin etik sorunlarla karşılaşma sıklığını artırabilmektedir. Dolayısıyla yoğun bakım hemşirelerinin karşı karşıya kaldığı etik sorunları tanıması ve etik karar verebilme becerisine sahip olması, bakımın etik standartlara uygun şekilde verilebilmesi açısından önemlidir. Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, yoğun bakım hemşirelerinin ahlaki duyarlılığı ile etik karar verebilme düzeyi arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesidir. Yöntem: Bu çalışmada ilişkisel tarama modeli kullanılmıştır. Veriler 103 yoğun bakım hemşiresinden elde edilmiştir. Verilerinin toplanmasında Tanımlayıcı Bilgi Formu, Ahlaki Duyarlılık Anketi ve Hemşirelik Etik İkilem Testi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma verilerinin değerlendirilmesinde tanımlayıcı istatistikler ve Pearson korelasyon analizi kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Yoğun bakım hemşirelerinin ahlaki duyarlılık puan ortalaması 77.33 ± 17.053 belirlenmiştir. Hemşirelerin en az çatışma (12.15 ± 4.486), en fazla ise oryantasyon (9.05 ± 3.856) alt boyutunda etik duyarlılık gösterdikleri saptanmıştır. Hemşirelerin ilkesel düşünme puan ortalaması 46.79 ± 6.293 ve pratik düşünme puan ortalaması 19.01 ± 3.994 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Ahlaki duyarlılık alt boyutlarından sadece bütüncül yaklaşım (r = .24; p = .013) ve toplam ahlaki duyarlılık (r = .20; p = .040) ile yoğun bakım hemşirelerinin ilkesel düşünme düzeyi arasında pozitif yönlü, anlamlı ve çok zayıf ilişki belirlenmiştir. Ahlaki duyarlılık ile hemşirelerin pratik düşünme düzeyi arasında anlamlı bir ilişki tespit edilmemiştir. Sonuç: Araştırma sonucunda, yoğun bakım hemşirelerinin ahlaki duyarlılık düzeyinin yüksek olduğu, etik karar verirken etik ilkeleri ve çevresel faktörleri ortalamanın üzerinde dikkate aldıkları görülmektedir. Yoğun bakım hemşirelerinin ahlaki duyarlılığının artması etik karar verebilme düzeylerine olumlu şekilde yansıyabilir.
Acid and Base Attack on Concrete by Partial Replacement of Cement with GGBS, Silica Fume and Addition with Fibers
Authors: M Satya Himabindu and S Naveen Kumar
Published: April 2021

In construction world concrete plays a vital role, around 60% of structure consists of Concrete. However,
the production of Portland cement, an essential constituent of concrete, leads to the release of significant
amounts of CO2, depletion of natural resources and environmental degradation. This paper investigates the
compressive strength of concrete by replacing cement with GGBS and silica fume effect of glass fibers on
performance of concrete is studied. In this present work a humble attempt had been made to evaluate and
compare the compressive strengths of GGBS blended concrete cubes with controlled concrete cubes cured
under ACID and BASE for 28 days. By conducting the tests on the cubes, conclusions were drawn after
plotting and analyzing the results. Compressive strength test is conducted on the samples after 28 days. The
optimum value is obtained at 15% replacement with GGBS and 5% with Silica fume. In this study again we
trailed addition with Glass fibers with the percentage of 0.5%,1.0%,1.5%, compressive strength have been
studied. Finally at 1.0% addition we get maximum strength compared to controlled mix
EFFECT OF ORIENTATION DISTANCE ON TEMPERATURE INDUCED PROBLEMS IN MULTI-PART MANUFACTURING BY SELECTIVE LASER MELTING
Authors: YILMAZ Nihat , KAYACAN Mevlüt Yunus
Published: April 2021

SLM methods are widely used to manufacture metal parts for functional use in mainly automotive, aerospace and medical industries. Besides many advantages of SLM, manufacturing times take long times and need many costs. In this study, nine samples were manufactured at the same time to set a scenario of multiple samples manufacturing and providing highly productive conditions. Some manufacturing problems such as internal stresses and dimensional distortions occurred during manufacturing. These problems were the result of heterogeneous temperature gradients and geometrical properties. FEA studies were carried out by “Netfabb Ultimate Simulation LT 2019”. Temperature changes were observed, and relations among these temperature changes, residual stresses, as well as dimensional distortions were evaluated. As a result, the orientation distance of samples was an important parameter due to residual stress and displacement. Unsuitable positioning distance between samples caused high dimensional distortion, macro cracks and residual stress. The plastic strain equation was correlated according to the results of the analysis with 7% difference (regression) to define the optimum distance between parts.
Monitoreo y reporte de estadísticas de descargas atmosféricas mediante aplicación móvil en Android
Authors: Rodriguez Sepulveda Leidy Johanna , Eslava Pedraza Jeison Eduardo , Gutiérrez Lopera Julieth Estefanía , Mejía Serrano Angélica Rocío , Soto Vergel Angelo Joseph
Published: April 2021

El presente artículo detalla el desarrollo de un sistema de monitoreo de descargas atmosféricas detectadas mediante una estación situada en el departamento Norte de Santander, barrio Atalaya y una aplicación móvil desarrollada en Android Studio, que cuenta con un sistema de notificaciones de alertas tempranas, visualización en tiempo real de mapas geográficos con las incidencias de las descargas atmosféricas y herramientas educativas. El desarrollo de este sistema permite a los usuarios estar atentos ante desastres naturales de este tipo y poder tomar medidas preventivas ante las diferentes situaciones.
Tecnologías para remover metales pesados presentes en aguas. Caso Cromo y Mercurio
Authors: Sarria-Villa R.A. , Gallo-Corredor j.s. , Benítez-Benítez R.
Published: April 2021

La contaminación de los recursos hídricos por metales generados por las diferentes actividades humanas es un problema que viene en crecimiento. Los efectos adversos al medio ambiente y a los seres vivos crea la necesidad de seguir en la búsqueda de métodos que permitan su control y eliminación. Tecnologías de tratamiento como la precipitación química, adsorción, filtración en membrana, electrodiálisis y fotocatálisis han sido desarrolladas para remover metales pesados presentes en aguas. Este tipo de tecnologías muestran su capacidad para controlar la contaminación por metales como el cromo (86%) y el mercurio (89%), metales empleados en procesos industriales y productivos y cuyos residuos llegan a las fuentes hídricas.
Muhammed El-Behiy’in El-Kur’an ve’l-Müctema Adlı Eseri
Authors: SAFA Mustafa
Published: April 2021

Değerlendirmesini yaptığımız kitap, Mısırlı ilim ve düşünce adamı Muhammed El-Behiy’in el-Kur’an ve’l-Müctema/Kur’an ve Toplum isimli eseridir. el-Kur’an ve’l-Müctema isimli eser halen Türkçeye tercüme edilmemiştir. Muhammed El-Behiy’in Menhecü'l-Kur'an fi Tatvîri'l-Müctema isimli diğer bir eseri, 1986 yılında tercüme edilerek Kur’an ve Toplum ismiyle yayınlanmıştır. Halbuki yazarın değerlendirmemize konu olan el-Kur’an ve’l-Müctema kitabı, Türkçe Kur’an ve Toplum anlamına gelmektedir. Değerlendirmesini yaptığımız el-Kur’an ve’l-Müctema isimli bu orijinal eser, dört bölüm, 174 sayfa olarak Mektebetü Vehbe tarafından 1976 yılında Kahire’de basılmıştır. Yazar kitabın birinci bölümünde, Müslüman bir toplumda var olan genel sosyolojik ve psikolojik olguları Kur’an kaynaklı olarak ele almıştır. İkinci bölümde Kur’an’a göre farklı durum ve konumlarda İslam toplumunun karakteristik özellikleri konusunu anlatmıştır. Üçüncü bölümde zafer ve yenilgi ahlakı diyebileceğimiz, Müslüman toplumun zafer anında ya da hezimet anında nasıl davranması gerektiğiyle ilgili Kur’an’daki emir, yasak ve tavsiyeleri açıklamıştır. Dördüncü bölümde yazar, gayrimüslim toplumların İslam toplumuna saldırıları karşısında Müslüman toplumun nasıl davranması gerektiğiyle ilgili Kur’an öğretilerini açıklamıştır.
JURIMETRIA E PREDIÇÃO: NOTAS SOBRE USO DOS ALGORITMOS E O PODER JUDICIÁRIO
Authors: Goulart de Sena Orsini Adriana
Published: April 2021

O presente artigo tem por objetivo desenvolver temas referentes a inteligência artificial e a jurimetria. O estudo aborda a problemática da predição no big data oriundo do Poder Judiciário, os riscos, além do resultado de pesquisa na internet de um dos serviços encontrados. Foram apresentados alguns normativos estrangeiros, em especial a lei francesa n. 2019-22 que limitou o acesso a dados por meio da base do Poder Judiciário. A pesquisa bibliográfica foi realizada a partir da revisão de literatura que abordam os temas da jurimetria e predição, bem como do acesso à justiça.
Parents’ Involvement in their Children’s Education: The Value of Parental Perceptions in Public Education
Authors: Duman John , Aydin Hasan , Ozfidan Burhan
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this study was to gather data from public school parents that would contribute to the understanding of parental involvement with school choice for their children and of parental involvement with educational organizations. We employed a case study approach as the methodological basis for eliciting 22 multi-racial parents perceptions’ about school climate and their child’s school choice. Our comprehensive in-depth semi-structured interviews, field notes, observations, and documents data collection process incorporated feedback from potential respondents from the outset of the design process to enhance data quality. Verbatim transcripts and documents were analyzed using a content and thematic analysis approach. Four over-arching themes were identified; (i) factors that parents value in schools, (ii) concerns about other school choices, (iii) the features and programs that appeal to parents, and (iv) parental perceptions of the chosen school. The findings of this study revealed that parents choose schools for their children for the following reasons. The children were better served, the programs and features offered by schools appealed to most participants, the schools had strong academic programs, a proper school climate and culture were present, the setting embraced diversity and multicultural atmospheres, a safe and secure place was present, and instruction was focused on a small and caring environment.
Last Chance to Care: An Autoethnography of End-of-Life Care in Indonesia
Authors: Wessner Petra
Published: April 2021

In Australia, palliative care is an accepted and expected part of contemporary health care service provision. Efficacious palliative care focusses on managing pain and symptoms and making the patient as comfortable as possible (World Health Organization Definition of Palliative Care (WHO, 2010). As well, palliative care focusses on the spiritual and psycho-social dimensions of life (Martina, 2017), providing the opportunity for the patient and their family to continue to be engaged with life and self-determined decision making throughout palliation. In this account, utilizing the qualitative research method of autoethnography the Australian author describes her experience of caring for her Indonesian father-in-law in the last week of his life. She explores emerging tensions associated with local end-of-life care and Western care which trigger deeper feelings associated with losing a loved one, complicated by the recent and sudden loss of her own parents. Narration is a powerful tool for capturing the verisimilitude of everyday experiences, evoking in the reader a powerful resonance into a very personal inner life which is often not spoken about in academic texts. This account, a cultural story of dying in East Java, Indonesia, also provides insight into the author’s expectations, as an Australian and concludes with some reflections about the emerging position of palliative care services in Indonesia.
Through Army-Colored Glasses: A Layered Account of One Veteran’s Experiences in Higher Education
Authors: Olt Phillip
Published: April 2021

There is a lack of research on military veterans in higher education that captures the issues from an insider’s perspective. To that end, I sought to reflect upon my own experiences with higher education as military veteran—from a budding recruit all the way through to now being an administrator and faculty member. I utilized a layered-account autoethnographic approach (Ronai, 1995) to interrogate my multiple perspectives that developed over time on veterans’ issues in higher education. I found that the GI Bill—the modern iteration of the Serviceman’s Readjustment Act of 1944—was a powerful motivator both in starting my military career and continuing my studies; my thinking on transfer credits from the Joint Service Transcript evolved from seeing them as an entitlement to lacking rigor. I felt out of place as I left the military and attended a traditional university campus, and then I sought out the faculty members who reminded me of the no-nonsense military from which I had departed. My experiences in the military continually guided my behavior as a student and that of other student veterans I observed, thus, I recommend that institutions glean lessons from these experiences to better serve the unique demographic presented by the growing population of student veterans.
Medication Exposure Patterns in Primary Care Patients Prescribed Pharmacogenetically Actionable Opioids
Authors: Knisely Mitchell , Carpenter Janet , Broome Marion , Holmes Ann , Von Ah Diane , Skaar Todd , Draucker Claire
Published: April 2021

Current approaches to assessing medication exposure fail to capture the complexity of the phenomenon and the context in which it occurs. This study’s purpose was to develop a typology of subgroups of patients who share common patterns of medication exposure. To create the typology, we used an exemplar sample of 30 patients in a large public healthcare system who had been prescribed the pharmacogenetically actionable opioids codeine or tramadol. Data related to medication exposure were drawn from large data repositories. Using a person-oriented qualitative approach, eight subgroups of patients who shared common patterns of medication exposure were identified. The subgroups had one of five opioid prescription patterns (i.e., singular, episodic, switching, sustained, multiplex), and one of three types of primary foci of medical care (i.e., pain, comorbidities, both). The findings reveal medication exposure patterns that are dynamic, multidimensional, and complex, and the typology offers an innovative approach to assessing medication exposure.
From Contemplation to Action: Mechanisms of Change in the Mentoring Academy
Authors: Behar-Horenstein Linda , Zhang Huibin
Published: April 2021

Mentoring is fundamental to the professional development of research scientists in academic health centers (AHC). Qualified mentors can support the development of competencies considered most significant in training research scientists. Yet AHC faculty may have little preparation in and knowledge of how to mentor. Emerging AHC mentor academies provide educational environments whereby faculty can learn the art and practice of mentoring. However, little is known about their effectiveness. Using the Transtheoretical Change Model (TTM), this study explored how 23 mentors used newly learned information to change their communication styles and develop shared expectations with mentees. Based on an inductive analysis of 46 reflective writing assignments, the results showed that the mentor academy enabled progress through the stages of contemplation and preparation, however, mentors rarely implemented new knowledge to make changes in their approach to mentoring. The authors suggest instructional strategies that will promote actionable change and accountability for implementation.
Problematic and Damaged Image of a University among Iranian Students: The Lived Experience of Iranian Students at Universities
Authors: Farasatkhah Maghsoud , Asgharzadeh Nasrin
Published: April 2021

The current paper tried to explore the lived experience of Iranian students at universities in recent years after commercialization and commodification of higher education followed by limitations on the public and governmental resources of the universities. Thus, a university student is reduced to a customer position. The aim of this research is to study the lived experience of students in an old comprehensive university in the capital of Iran. Since the goal of the researchers was to go near the students themselves to reveal the lived and perceived experiences of them with the interpretive paradigm as a methodology. The hermeneutic phenomenological research method was chosen with deep exploratory interviews as a data gathering tool. Deep exploratory interviews were fulfilled with a purposive sample of 25 university students on the data saturation basis. 250 main propositions were found from these interviews. The most important propositions extracted with the thematic analysis method showed that just 30 percent of experiences were positive but 70 percent of them were negative.
What Open-Ended Comments Reveal: An Analysis of a Clinical Translational Science Institute’s Annual Surveys
Authors: Behar-Horenstein Linda , Feng Xiaoying
Published: April 2021

Analyzing open-ended responses can provide insight regarding participants’ experiences or illuminate organizational issues. The purpose of this study was to qualitatively analyze 1096 open-ended responses to a longitudinal survey and report patterns observed across participants. Word frequency, text search and matrix coding were used to analyze the data. Thematic differences were noted by the college group denoting the participant’s primary appointment. Although perceived gaps between expectations and service delivery were expected, participants’ statements pointed out informational inaccuracies or an absence of awareness. The inherent richness and insight of the analysis yielded complexities, otherwise not discernable using quantitative analyses. The authors offer suggestions for improving the university clinical translational science institute’s delivery of biomedical research services.
Thematic Analysis to Assess Indian Consumers Purchase Intention for Organic Apparel
Authors: G Sandhya , Mahapatra Sushanta
Published: April 2021

Consumer behavior is dynamic, and there is a beauty in trying to understand consumer’s intention for a product category like organic apparel, especially when it is a unique phenomenon that is scantly explored in an emerging economy like India. This paper is an attempt at understanding the factors that influence Indian consumer’s intention to purchase organic apparel. A purposive sampling procedure was adopted in selecting participants. A focus group discussion was conducted to capture data for the thematic analysis. Theoretical thematic analysis was conducted by relying on the theory of planned behavior model. Inductive thematic analysis gave way for other dimensions like product knowledge and involvement, environmental knowledge, and skepticism that evolved out of the themes. Product knowledge and involvement, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and attitude had an influence on the intention. Environmental knowledge and skepticism indicated a chance to negate the relationship. The textile manufacturers, who are innovating with sustainable fabrics, can look at the dimensions that consumers seek for while making a choice of organic apparel. Domestic and international organic apparel manufacturers can capitalize on the behavioral dimensions of the factors that influence consumer’s intention for organic apparel, thereby facilitating identifying the prospect.
The Micro-Politics of a New Mental Condition: Legitimization in Maladaptive Daydreamers' Discourse
Authors: Bershtling Orit , Somer Eli
Published: April 2021

This study illuminates legitimization efforts in the discourse of individuals who suffer from excessive, uncontrolled daydreaming: a contested mental condition that has not yet been recognized by the medical establishment. It aims to explore the rhetorical maneuvers employed by these “Maladaptive Daydreamers” in 35 email exchanges with the second author and two petitions, submitted to the American Psychiatric Association and to the UK Parliament, with a demand for recognition. Our analysis, anchored theoretically and methodologically in Critical Discourse Analysis, identified several verbal strategies employed by the participants to persuade their interlocutors about the realness of their suffering. The main strategies were clustered into three dimensions: (1) professional—appealing to the audience’s professional identity as scientist-practitioner and presenting shared knowledge; (2) social—forming a joint consensus group, a coalition or a partnership; (3) psychological—appealing to the interlocutor’s emotions through gratitude, self-disclosure or humor. This bottom-up analysis, positions individuals’ claims as a starting point for knowledge-dissemination and institutional change and blurs the modern dichotomy between the objects and subjects of medical gaze.
A Critical Analysis of the Delivery of a Psychosocial Workshop for Cancer Survivors with Lymphedema
Authors: Hamilton Ryan , Thomas Roanne , Anisimowicz Yvonne , Piers Marquelle , Matte Renee
Published: April 2021

Secondary lymphedema is a chronic condition that can develop after the treatment of cancer and can often lead to negative psychological and social impairments. When dealing with chronic illness, hoping and coping are interdependent. Previous research has assessed the outcomes of workshops designed to enhance hope but has not examined the workshop itself to determine how those outcomes were achieved. This study deconstructs the Living Hopefully with Lymphedema workshop to identify (1) what aspects of the workshop facilitated or interfered with therapeutic progress, (2) key aspects of facilitation that contributed to the functioning of the workshop, and (3) how participants responded to the workshop. Two three-day workshops were attended by a total of 19 participants. All sessions were audio taped and the recordings analyzed. Theoretical coding revealed a central theme focused on the importance of a safe environment within the workshop. Facilitators and participants worked together to co-create, maintain, and protect a safe space in which to engage in therapy. Findings are discussed in relation to key aspects of facilitation and the participants’ response to the workshops. Recommendations for future workshop development are presented.
Enhancing the Value of Qualitative Field Notes Through Purposeful Reflection
Authors: Deggs David , Hernandez Frank
Published: April 2021

This commentary outlines the efforts taken to provide doctoral students with purposeful reflection questions to help them enhance the value and utility of qualitative data. It is based upon experiences teaching a doctoral level qualitative research methods course for students enrolled in an executive format doctoral program. Reflexivity of the researcher, reflection, and research design decisions are discussed. Suggestions for purposeful reflection questions are also discussed and listed in four categories. The categories of purposeful reflection questions include (1) Research Setting Access, (2) Examining Norms and Cultures, (3) Positionality of Research Subjects, and (4) Positionality as an Observer. These four categories of questions provide a paradigm that could help many qualitative researchers take a more systematic in-depth approach to the collection, transcription, and analysis of field notes and other forms of qualitative data.
Researcher, Analyze Thyself
Authors: Saldana Johnny
Published: April 2021

This article attempts to answer the phenomenological question, “What does it mean to be a qualitative researcher?” and an ancillary question, “What does ‘making meaning’ mean?” The author, in collaboration with selected participants at the 2018 The Qualitative Report and the International Institute for Qualitative Methodology’s Qualitative Research Methods conferences, proposes that research is devotion. Three major categories or components of devotion are purpose (personal and professional validation), belonging (communal grounding), and meaning (an enriched life). Ten subcategories or “elements of style” as qualitative researchers include: meticulous vigilance of details, unyielding resiliency, visionary reinvention, social savvy, humble vulnerability, representational responsibility, finding your methodological tribes, emotional immersion, gifting your ideas, and knowing and understanding yourself.
Thinking Qualitatively Methods of Mind: A Review
Authors: Hancock Mary
Published: April 2021

The following is a review of the book: Thinking Qualitatively: Methods of Mind written by Johnny Saldaña and published in 2015. The book unfolds from the more traditional qualitative research ways of thinking and moves toward the abstract. Learning objectives begin each chapter and end with a summary of key points and exercises designed to stretch the mind by applying the concepts discussed. Throughout each chapter, reflection exercises titled “For Your Mental Rolodex” provide opportunities for additional concept application. Each chapter builds upon the previous chapter forming a solid foundation for how to think qualitatively. Students, instructors, novice, and seasoned qualitative researcher will appreciate the thoughtful organization of the book. The book is an excellent addition to the qualitative researcher’s library.
Remembering Postpartum Depression in Later Life: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis
Authors: Ladd Walker
Published: April 2021

Postpartum depression (PPD) occurs in as many as 1 in 7 women (Gavin et al., 2005). PPD remains underdiagnosed and largely untreated, contributing to high societal costs and increased maternal mortality. Despite the wealth of research reporting the adverse effects of PPD on childbearing women and their offspring, little is known about how women who have experienced PPD describe or interpret the meaning of the experience in later life. I conducted semi-structured interviews with a purposive sample of 10 women self-identifying as having had PPD a minimum of 13 years in the past. Using interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) I identified three themes: (a) what PPD was like, (b) PPD changed me, and (c) I am grateful for PPD. Women reported that PPD was like falling down a black hole, perceiving themselves as bad mothers. Women identified PPD as having changed them in positive ways, including new self-confidence, increased compassion, and a passion to help others impacted by PPD. Women described PPD as facilitating meaningful personal growth for which they were grateful. Understanding how women reflect on PPD in later life provides new insight into the lived experience beyond the postpartum period and highlighting the need for future research women’s experience of perinatal mood and anxiety disorders over their life span.
Empleo del Cierre Primario sobre la Línea Media Libre de Tensión para el Tratamiento de la Enfermedad Pilonidal Sacrococcígea: Experiencia y Resultados
Authors: FERRARI LUIS CARLOS
Published: April 2021

Introducción: En la actualidad el tratamiento quirúrgico de la enfermedad pilonidal sacrococcígea (EPSC) se basa en una amplia resección de la lesión con o sin el cierre primario de la misma.  La práctica del cierre primario sobre la línea media es sencilla y ampliamente difundida pero con índices de infección, dehiscencia y recidiva elevados. Los cierres primarios alejados de la línea media como propone Karydakis o mediante el empleo de colgajos como la técnica de Limberg muestran mejores resultados. Sin embargo, cuando el cierre primario sobre la línea media se lleva a cabo libre de tensión, los resultados  pueden ser equivalentes a los alcanzados por estas técnicas por lo que debería ser considerado.  

Objetivo: Evaluar prospectivamente la técnica de cierre primario sobre la línea media libre de tensión y los resultados obtenidos con ella  en el tratamiento de la EPSC.

Diseño: Prospectivo observacional.

Pacientes y Método: 49 pacientes consecutivos intervenidos quirúrgicamente por el mismo cirujano entre el 01.10.2010 y el 30.11.2019 por EPSC a quienes se les practicó un cierre primario sobre línea media libre de  tensión.

Resultados: Fueron intervenidos quirúrgicamente 49 pacientes consecutivos;  la edad promedio fue de 20,9 años (entre 14 y 37 años), de los cuales el 69,38% (34 de 49) fueron hombres. Entre las complicaciones postoperatorias, el sangrado se evidenció en un  paciente (2,04%); la apertura parcial del cierre primario en 16 (32,65%).  La recidiva fue constatada en dos (4,08%) casos con un porcentaje de curación del 95,91% (47/49). Un solo paciente presentó infección de herida quirúrgica (2,04%). La estadía sanatorial fue de un día en todos los casos. No hubo necesidad de reintervenir ningún paciente en el postoperatorio inmediato. El tiempo de curación fue de 31,06 días (mínimo 19/ máximo 52). La anatomía patológica informó en todos los casos quiste pilonidal, sin malignidad y con márgenes de resección libres de lesión. Todos los pacientes expresaron plena conformidad con el procedimiento realizado.

Conclusiones: El cierre primario sobre la línea media libre de tensión es una procedimiento sencillo, con estadía sanatorial breve y bajo índice de recurrencia y de complicaciones por lo que a nuestro parecer debería ser tenido en cuenta a la hora de escoger la técnica quirúrgica a emplear para resolver esta patología.

Palabras Claves: Enfermedad pilonidal - Cierre libre de tensión
Designing and Validating Performance Standards for Clinical Instructors at Technical Institutes of Nursing
Authors: Abd El-Fatah Fatma A. , El-Shimy Harisa M. A. , Ibrahim Sanaa A. , Abd El-Aleem Marwa M.
Published: April 2021

Context: The nursing program's success depends to a great extent on effective clinical learning experience. Clinical instructors can utilize professional standards to identify areas for improvement in clinical practice. The importance of content validity of the developed standards and its relevance with reliability, have made it an essential step in the standards development.

Aim: This study aims to design and validate performance standards for clinical instructors at the Technical Institutes of Nursing. Methods: The methodological design was utilized. This study was conducted in two sectors: Technical Institutes of Nursing at Port Said and Ismailia City, and their practical training settings. Two groups of participants were included in the study: clinical instructors and experts’ group. The data was collected using two tools: An observational checklist and an expert opinion sheet.

Results: The proposed performance standards had an appropriate level of content validity. The overall value of scale-content validity/universal agreement (S-CVI/UA) was equal to 0.852, and the overall value of scale-content validity/average (S-CVI/AVE) was equal to 0.988. The overall interrater reliability value of the proposed standards was 0.852. There were statistically significant differences between pre and post dissemination of the proposed standards in the total mean percentages in all standards (p<0.001).

Conclusions: This study concluded that the proposed developed standards are acceptable for use in the Technical Institutes of Nursing.  The study recommended that the developed standards be applied and communicated to all clinical instructors in the Technical Institutes of Nursing, with clinical instructors' training on its implementation.
Epstein - Barr virus epidemiology in HIV infected transsexuals
Authors: Sadia Salahuddin  , Joharia Azhar  , Hasham Akhtar  , Jabbar Khan  , Noor Muhammad
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Objectives: To molecularly characterise the relationship between Epstein-Barr virus genotypes and Pashtun ethnicity.
Method: The cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2018 to December 2019 after approval from the Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan, and comprised blood samples from transgender sex workers who were seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus-1 and seronegative for human immunodeficiency virus residing in two cities of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province and Islamabad, the federal capital. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded samples were collected retrospectively, but collection of blood samples from the study subjects was purely on the basis of physical availability. ?-globin gene and EBER-1 were amplified for qualitative assessment and existence of Epstein-Barr virus. Characterisation of EBNA-2 was done through nested polymerase chain reaction.
Results: Of the 80 subjects, 40(50%) each were seropositive and seronegative individuals. The overall mean age was 28±6.917 years. Among the seropositive group, 38(95%) were homosexual and 2(5%) were heterosexual. Among the seropositive group, 16(40%) had Epstein-Barr virus genotype 1 and 6(15%) had genotype 2, while co-infections were found in 2(5%) subjects. In the seronegative group, 36(90%) subjects had Epstein-Barr virus genotype 1, while there was no case of genotype 2 or co-infection. EBV-2 genotypes with HIV seropositivity showed strong association (p=0.005). Amplification for the EBER-1 gene was done in all the 80(100%) samples.
Conclusion: Epstein-Barr virus EBV genotype 1 was found to be the most frequent type, while genotype 2 and co-infections were detected only seropositive samples.
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Maternal near miss, mortality and their correlates at tertiary care hospital
Authors: Tayyiba Wasim  , Gul e Raana  , Mustafa Wasim  , Javeria Mushtaq  , Zeenish Amin  , Saman Asghar
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT       
OBJECTIVE:  To determine the frequency and causes of maternal near miss and mortality among pregnant women.
METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted Jan 2016 - Dec 2018. All near miss cases, admitted in Gynecology department of Services Hospital Lahore during the study period, were prospectively recruited. WHO criteria was used to identify maternal near miss cases. Primary outcome measures were frequency and causes of near miss and maternal mortality to near miss ratio. Secondary outcome measures were delays, need for massive blood transfusion, ICU admission, obstetric hysterectomy and hospital stay> 7 days.
RESULTS: During the study period, there were 10,739 live births, 305 near miss cases and 29 maternal deaths. Frequency of near miss was 28.4/ 1000 live births and maternal mortality to near miss ratio was 1:10.5. There were 215(70.4%) unbooked patients and 23(79.3%) of them died (p<0.001). Hemorrhage accounted for 150 (49.18%), hypertensive disorders 102 (33.44%),cardiac disease 25 (8.28%) and infection for 12 (3.97%) near miss cases respectively. Maternal mortality was significantly low for hemorrhage, hypertension, sepsis and cardiac disease; 6 vs 150, 8 vs102, 3vs 12 and 10 vs 25 respectively (p<0.001). Massive blood transfusion was given to 20.98%patients, 15.74% underwent hysterectomy, 32.13% required ICU admission. First and second delay was seen in 78.6% of patients with 86.2% deaths (p<0.001)
CONCLUSION: Hemorrhage and hypertension are major reasons for near miss but timely intervention can prevent mortality. Strengthening care at primary and secondary level can reduce the burden of maternal morbidity.
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Identification and comparison of factors related to academic failure in medical colleges; A Bi-center, comparative study
Authors: Faiza kiran  , Syed Moyn Aly  , Al Shehri Abdullah
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Objectives: The objectives of our study were to identify the student’s perceptions related to their academic failure and compare these perceptions with their nationality.

Methods: A, non-interventional, bi national, comparative study was conducted in medical colleges of Pakistan and Saudi Arabia, in year 2015-2018, by taking a purposive sample of 210 students. All those who gave consent and scored less than fifty percent in their professional examinations were included. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 23. Frequencies and percentages were calculated, and Man Whitney U was applied to calculate p value.

Results: According to the respondents, common reasons of failure identified were information overload (n=114,50%), difficult examination (n=101, 48%), poor teaching skills of teachers (n=82, 39%), system of education (n=75,36%) and unfair examination (n=78,37%). Eleven items in nationality group were found significant.

Conclusion: Regardless of few cultural and environmental differences in factors contributing towards failure in students of different countries, the risk factors are common to all students. Moreover, most students tend to blame external factors more than internal ones.

Keywords: Risk, factors, Perceived, academic, failure, students, medical, Saudi Arabia, nationality, Pakistan, perceptions
A Review of Studies on Outcomes of Psychosocial Support Interventions: Nurturing Resilience in Looked-After Children
Authors: Magut Amos
Published: April 2021

Resilience is the quality of life in which a person is able to thrive against adverse internal and external conditions of life. This paper provides a framework for measuring resilience competency as a product of psychosocial support interventions. Resilience competency is one of the aims of psychological and social support given to persons who have undergone traumatic events or experiences. The researcher was biased towards the outcomes of psychosocial support given to looked-after children in care institutions. The paper is based on a review of literature on psychosocial support and resilience competency. The review focused on studies that have been published since the 1990s to date. The keywords used in the search for literature included psychosocial support, psychological support, social support, resiliency, resilience among children, looked-after children, psychosocial support and resilience. Based on the review of literature, the study found that researchers have identified many indicators of resiliency among looked-after children. Among these signs are: having a sense of purpose in life, exhibiting optimism, emotional hardiness or emotional intelligence and active coping with life’s challenges
Impacto de la pandemia producida por la COVID-19 en las actividades humanas
Authors: TAIPE LEDESMA SERGIO MARTIN , LEDESMA PALACIOS GIANELLA VICTORIA , DIAZ MUJICA JUANA YRIS , LOAYZA-ESTRADA CAROLINA SUSANA
Published: April 2021

El objetivo general de la presente investigación fue explicar el impacto que tiene la COVID-19 en las diversas actividades que desarrolla el ser humano. Este artículo es de revisión, debido a ello, se hizo un rastreo meticuloso de diversos manuscritos de investigación en base de datos de alto impacto como: Scopus, ProQuest, EBSCO. Se realizó la investigación de los términos en estudio, analizando el impacto que tuvo la COVID-19 en los diferentes ámbitos del quehacer humano. Los resultados indican que en los sectores de salud, educación e industria tuvieron un impacto negativo, teniendo que asumir medidas para mitigar sus fuertes daños.
PREVALENCE OF COVID -19 PANDEMIC: A PARADIGM SHIFT TO HYDROGEN ECONOMY
Authors: Muhibbudin E.I. , Adepoju M.O. , Sanni M , Okoroji V. , Bassey D.A.
Published: April 2021

Covid-19 pandemic lockdown has slowed down the world economic system. The pandemic has cleared the roads, close factories and grounded planes causing severe economic challenges. The damaging impact of the pandemic amid lockdown has been a blessing in guise for the environment because of significant drop in pollution level as transport and industrial sectors shutdown. Transport and industrial sectors are major contributors to environmental degradation through various emissions as a result of fossil fuel consumption. Energy consumed by transport and industrial sectors will have to shift to viable, readily available, clean, storable, economically and environmentally friendly with no carbon build up post Covid-19 pandemic. Hydrogen energy remains the best alternative option technologies containing greenhouse gas emission and pollutions of several forms. Hydrogen holds the potential to provide a clean, reliable, renewable and economical source of energy for meeting the growing and unending global energy needs post pandemic. The present paper explores prospect of hydrogen gas energy to serve as a competitive fuel option post pandemic and the economic feasibility. In this paper, the role of hydrogen as an energy carrier, hydrogen economy structure, potential of hydrogen economy, hydrogen production methods, hydrogen application and the economic and environmental significance of hydrogen as a viable fuel option post Covid-19 pandemic were thoroughly discussed. There will be a surge in demand and investment for hydrogen economy post Covid-19 to achieve decarbonization of transport and industrial sectors.
Assessment of Hazards, Health Consciousness and Health Seeking Behavior of Automobile Mechanics in Cape Coast Metropolis, Ghana
Authors: Assefuah Mensah Simon , A. Essuman Mainprice , S. Brah Augustine , A. Aboagye Phyllis , Boye Alex
Published: April 2021

Objective: Automobile mechanics are exposed to a wide range of chemicals contained in brake fluids, detergents, lubricants, paints, metal cleaners, solvents and fluids. Constant exposure to these chemicals puts mechanics at risk. This study aimed to assess the diverse hazards in working environment of automobile mechanics in Cape Coast Metropolis, Ghana. Method: A questionnaire-based survey was conducted among 225 automobile mechanics in Cape Coast Metropolis. The questionnaire sought information on possible hazards, health problems associated with work, use of personal protective equipment and where workers seek help when they fall ill. The interview was followed by measurement of blood pressure, hematological profile and liver function test. Results: Most auto-mechanics, welders, car sprayers and electricians were exposed to diesel, electrodes, paints and soldering iron respectively. Productive cough, abdominal pain, nausea and breathlessness were common clinical conditions reported by these mechanics. Blood pressure and haematological parameters were all in their normal ranges when compared to bench reference ranges. Conclusion: Most mechanics were conscious about their health, however, showed poor health seeking behavior and poor use of protective measures against possible hazards. Proper education of this economically viable group on workplace hazards, the types and properties of the different protective devices in order to safeguard their health is needed.