bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rola nauczyciela edukacji wczesnoszkolnej w kształtowaniu (się) przyrodniczej wiedzy naukowej dziecka
Authors: Banaszak Marek
Published: November 2020

The text is about the competences of an early education teacher in developing the student’s natural science knowledge. Selected typologies of the teacher’s competences and a constructivist approach towards the student’s knowledge are presented. Moreover, the text shows that experience is a particularly effective method of improving the child’s skills and knowledge related to nature at an early education level.
Nauczyciel w kontekście przemian w systemie kształcenia: stan obecny i oczekiwane kierunki zmian
Authors: Szott Michał
Published: November 2020

Contemporary pedeutology constantly strives to determine the direction of the necessary changes in the educational system as regards the proper preparation of teachers to work in this profession. This is a department of pedagogy dealing with issues related to the teacher teacher. The most important research subjects in the fieldof pedeutologists’ interests are the personality of the teacher, the selection of suitable candidates for the job as a teacher, the training and improvement of the teaching staff. Previously, these problems were mainly dealt with in pedagogical, psychological and sociological approaches.Literature of the subject presents the personality of the student and the teacher as the essential com-ponents of the educational process. Newly published works on pedagogical themes, highlighting the increasing importance of teaching function in the education system, are emerging. Its role seems to be of particular importance when working with a child with special educational needs.From a historical point of view, the teacher’s function has changed a lot over the course of evolution. This indicates that with the passage of time waiting for teachers gradually increased. Contemporary educators are a very broad professional group, having their own way of preparing for the profession, and its interests are watched out by trade unions. The demands placed on the teacher today are very high, since he is mainly expected to shape the pupil’s personality (the process of education), not just the transfer of knowledge (the teaching process). Increasingly, the role of the school, which aims to be both an educator and an educator, imposes new tasks and responsibilities on the teacher. This makes us more and more often meet in pedagogy with the term „teacher-educator”, which refers to both aforementioned functions. We can also include other teacher functions such as tutor, leader, animator, organizer, didactic-educational process researcher, expert, therapist.It can be observed that a new structure of the personality of the educator is slowly emerging. This is due in part to the nature of man, his subjectivity in relation to the environment in which he lives. It is a unit that is constantly being created and created. Similarly, the profession of the teacher requires him to constantly adapt to changes in the education system and modern education. He should represent the personality in this matter effectively, and his morals and personal culture should contribute to the success of working with his charges. Such a structure of teacher personality consists of elements such as: worldview, interests, motives, temperament, abilities, intelligence, appropriate character, striving for self-improvement (self-mastery), self-conscience.
A Professional Learning Community as a Factor of the Professional Development of Teachers
Authors: Magrafta Galit
Published: November 2020

The article presents the importance of the professional learning community in the school framework. It discusses the creation of a learning community, its characteristics, advantages, and the challenges in the leadership and establishment of a professional learning community. In addition, the article presents the importance of the introduction of a learning community into educational frameworks and provides a solution to the resources that pertain to the time or systemic flexibility.This article highlights the importance of collaborations, peer learning, and a productive discourse among teacher colleague
Inetta Nowosad, Klaudia Pietrań, Mirosław J. Szymański (red.), Szkoła. Konflikt Podmiotów? Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek, Toruń 2016, ss. 266.
Authors: Duda Anna K.
Published: November 2020

Recenzja książki Inetta Nowosad, Klaudia Pietrań, Mirosław J. Szymański (red.), Szkoła. Konflikt Podmiotów? Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek, Toruń 2016, ss. 266.
Gaokao i procesy stratyfikacji społecznej w Chinach
Authors: Gromkowska-Melosik Agnieszka
Published: November 2020

This article concerns „gaokao” Chinese exams. I show how the „high stakes” tests (the essence of these exams) create the winners and losers in the battle for stratification success. They set up, as a one-time „selection act”, the trajectory of a career and the whole future life of young Chinese. At the same time, they are an example of the entanglement of the testing process in politics and of the enormous (and overwhelming) social pressure on young people.
Sprawozdanie z Ogólnopolskiego Seminarium Naukowego „Komunikacja werbalna: znaczenia – perspektywy – kontrowersje”Poznań, 16 marca 2017 roku
Authors: Kłysz-Sokalska Natalia
Published: November 2020

Sprawozdanie z Ogólnopolskiego Seminarium Naukowego „Komunikacja werbalna: znaczenia – perspektywy – kontrowersje”Poznań, 16 marca 2017 roku
Sprawozdanie z Międzynarodowej Naukowo-Praktycznej Konferencji „Aktualne zagadnienia pomocy jednostce w kryzysowych sytuacjach” (Актуальные вопросы помощи личности в кризисных состояниях) Brześć (Białoruś), 23-24 marca 2017 roku
Authors: Pawełek Katarzyna
Published: November 2020

Sprawozdanie z Międzynarodowej Naukowo-Praktycznej Konferencji „Aktualne zagadnienia pomocy jednostce w kryzysowych sytuacjach” (Актуальные вопросы помощи личности в кризисных состояниях) Brześć (Białoruś), 23-24 marca 2017 roku
Sprawozdanie z II Międzynarodowej Studenckiej Konferencji Edukacyjnej ”Let’s talk about mother tongues” Vasa, 4 kwietnia 2017 roku
Authors: Adamczewski Jakub
Published: November 2020

Sprawozdanie z II Międzynarodowej Studenckiej Konferencji Edukacyjnej ”Let’s talk about mother tongues” Vasa, 4 kwietnia 2017 roku
Kompetencje społeczne nauczycieli – diagnoza i pomocowe implikacje
Authors: Piorunek Magdalena , Werner Iwona
Published: November 2020

The paper focuses on the diagnosis of the social competencies of the lower secondary school teachers and among students preparing for the teaching profession. The study used the Social Competencies Profile (PROKOS), which measures social competencies in five specific areas: assertiveness, cooperation, social mindedness, resourcefulness, and community awareness. Surprisingly, students exhibit higher levels of assertiveness and cooperation competencies than teachers. In the group of teachers, statistically significant differences were found between men and women at the level of all the competencies diagnosed. Professional advancement and teacher training did not produce different results. This shows that the level of social competence of teachers is unsatisfactory, especially as regards their ability to support young people.
Obszary poradnictwa i wsparcia społecznego w aspekcie poprawy zatrudnialności absolwentów szkół zawodowych
Authors: Jeruszka Urszula
Published: November 2020

The text “Counseling and Social Support as Improving the Employability of Graduates of Vocational Schools” focuses on showing the causes of the low employability of graduates of vocational schools and the ways to help and support instruments for the graduates’ successful entry into the labor market. This article interprets concepts of absolute and relative employability as well as learned helplessness on the labor market, which points to the need for differentiation. The text looks at the fate of professional graduate studies as a source of information about the demand for support activities – career counseling and social support. The text moreover indicates problems corresponding not only to events occurring at one point in a person’s life, but also the processes influencing the growth of the portion of the human capital related to education. Support measures are considered in relation to decisions affecting the educational path and professional graduate (prevention) and therefore the school-induced competence of entering the labor market (prevention of the negative consequences of differences between learning outcomes and employers’ expectations).
A contracorriente. Los medios digitales independientes de periodismo digital en México.
Authors: Aparicio Raquel
Published: November 2020

En este artículo se presentan los resultados de un estudio exploratorio y descriptivo realizado con el objetivo de conocer la situación del periodismo ambiental que se desarrolla en México a través de medios digitales independientes especializados, y de identificar las iniciativas más sólidas en este rubro. Se encontró que, del universo de medios digitales que difunden información ambiental, existen tres que generan sus propios contenidos mediante una práctica profesional con perspectiva de complejidad, contextualizada, próxima a la identidad cultural y ecosistémica de las regiones en las que operan. Para lograr una comprensión cualitativa de estas iniciativas periodísticas, se hicieron entrevistas a los directores de tres de ellos, con el fin de conocer su perspectiva sobre las problemáticas socioambientales del país, el papel del periodismo ambiental en la visibilización de los temas ambientales en el ámbito social, así como los desafíos y las posibilidades de consolidación de este quehacer. Los directores de estos sitios son periodistas de vasta experiencia que procuran ofrecer contenidos útiles para la comprensión, la reflexión y la toma de decisiones por parte de las audiencias acerca de problemas locales. Se concluye que, frente al desinterés de otros actores por generar información ambiental útil para la toma de decisiones a escala social y política, es necesario fortalecer este tipo de iniciativas, pues constituyen un referente del tipo de periodismo ambiental requerido para las condiciones del país y su replicación es deseable para favorecer la acción social en los asuntos ambientales a nivel local.
Liderazgo transformacional y desarrollo sostenible ambiental verde en docentes de la Universidad Nacional Herminio Valdizán
Authors: Santacruz Espinoza Atanacia , Montenegro Muguerza Humberto , Pizarro Alejandro Armando , Estacio Flores Hamilton
Published: November 2020

El concepto desarrollo sostenible verde articula las diversas disciplinas científicas del saber actuar, pensar, vivir, sentir. Por ende, el líder transformador debe propiciar el cambio de una economía negra a una economía ambiental verde. Por ende, garantizar los derechos naturales a través del empoderamiento sostenible en el tiempo. La investigación fue aplicada, nivel explicativo, y diseño descriptivo-correlacional, con un muestreo probabilístico y estratificado. Por su alcance es descriptiva y por su finalidad cuantitativa, cualitativa y mixto. Metodológicamente, la investigación pone en diálogo fuentes bibliográficas diversas. Se ha realizado el análisis de los resultados utilizando los estadígrafos inferencial y descriptiva. El método utilizado es el método científico y como métodos específicos: hermenéutico, dogmático y heurístico.Se utilizó la técnica de encuesta y el instrumento cuestionario de encuesta. Como principal conclusión se tiene que existe una correlación directa fuerte (rho =0,788) y altamente significativo con (p-valor: 0,000) entre el liderazgo transformacional y el desarrollo sostenible verde Los estudiantes, docentes y administrativos de la Universidad nacional Hermilio Valdizán tuvieron un nivel medio o regular, se ha descubierto en ellos que dan orientación a la sociedad para el reciclado adecuado, propicia conversatorios para no pagar elevados precios por el consumo de electricidad, comprar solo lo que se necesita, dejar de comprar alimentos chatarra en pro de la salud, utilizar el transporte de la universidad  o público en vez de privado; ello, para la sostenibilidad generacional con práctica de una economía circular a través del uso de tecnología responsable.
Estudio comparativo sobre las expectativas laborales de estudiantes de la carrera de educación inicial y los estudiantes de profesionalización en servicio en la Universidad Metropolitana
Authors: Castañón Octavio Natalia , González Reyes Giovanna , Lupo Carbone Valeria
Published: November 2020

El presente estudio tiene como objetivo principal comparar las expectativas laborales de los estudiantes de la carrera de Educación Inicial con las de los estudiantes del Programa de Profesionalización en Servicio de la Universidad Metropolitana, aunado a esto posee tres objetivos específicos que constan de indagar y constatar las expectativas laborales de ambos grupos y describir ambos perfiles de ingreso. La presente investigación no experimental de tipo descriptivo y comparativo con metodología cuantitativa logró determinar que existen múltiples semejanzas y diferencias entre ambos grupos de estudio destacando la principal: los estudiantes de profesionalización entran en la carrera con experiencia laboral, mientras que los estudiantes de educación inicial entran en la carrera con poca o nula experiencia laboral. Al igual que las principales investigaciones de las que bebe esta, su fundamento está basado en la idea de comunicación sostenible, entendida como transparencia en la previsión de expectativas laborales de un sector fundamental para la consecución de desarrollo humano sostenible.
Juego de vídeo a partir de la metodología game-based learning como medio de comunicación para la formación de hábitos alimentarios en niños con enfermedad celíaca
Authors: Santos Rivera Jeanín M. , Navas Piñate Elvira E.
Published: November 2020

En este estudio se propone el diseño de un videojuego basado en la metodología game-based learning como medio de comunicación para facilitar la formación de hábitos alimentarios saludables en niños con diagnóstico de Enfermedad Celiaca (EC). La necesidad surge de lo observado en la práctica profesional en la consulta de nutrición, donde madres de pacientes celiacos manifiestan como preocupación principal el hecho de que el niño, expuesto a diversas actividades sociales y académicas, en la cuales no necesariamente se encuentra con su compañía, sea capaz de cumplir la dieta libre de gluten, único tratamiento para la EC. La investigación se fundamenta en el concepto y manifestaciones clínicas de la EC, el uso del juego como recurso para la enseñanza (game-based learning), y la visión teórica del paradigma constructivista del aprendizaje. Por sus características, esta investigación resulta congruente con el Proyecto Factible, en un nivel descriptivo y se apoya en la investigación documental utilizando la técnica de análisis y el registro documental como instrumento para la obtención de información. Se desarrolló en dos fases, una fase preparatoria donde se obtuvo la información documental necesaria para el cumplimiento de los objetivos propuestos y una fase de diseño que consistió en el desarrollo de los componentes instruccionales del videojuego y la aproximación a un prototipo. El videojuego diseñado es entonces un juego educativo (serious game) llamado El Mundo de Celia, que se compone de un mundo en forma de tablero, compuesto por tres niveles, donde el participante debe superar nueve retos en total, y mediante la práctica del juego, puede lograr una mayor comprensión de la enfermedad y finalmente aplicar estos conocimientos en la vida diaria logrando la consolidación de hábitos alimentarios saludables adaptados a la condición celiaca que permitan mejorar su estado de salud.
Antibiotic induced biofilm formation of novel multidrug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii ST2121 clone
Authors: Çimen Müberra , Düzgün Azer Özad
Published: November 2020

The aim of this study was to identify antimicrobial resistance and virulence factor genes exhibited by multidrug resistant (MDR)Acinetobacter baumannii, to analyze biofilm formation and to investigate clonal subtypes of isolate. Whole genome sequencing was done by Illumina NovaSeq 6,000 platform and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) was performed by Oxford and Pasteur typing schemes. Influence of imipenem and levofloxacin on biofilm formation was investigated in 96-well plates at 3 replicates. The strain was found to carry OXA-23, OXA-51-like, AmpC and TEM-1 beta-lactamases. The sequence of theblaOXA-51-likegene has been identified as ablaOXA-66. According to Pasteur MLST scheme the strain displayed ST2 allelic profile. However, based on Oxford MLST scheme this strain represents the new ST2121, as thegdhBgene has a single allelic mutation namely, thegdhB-227. It was determined that MDR isolate carriedbap, basABCDFGHIJ, csuA/BABCDE, bauABCDEF, plcD, pgaABCD, entE, barAB, ompA, abaIR, piT2EAFTE/AUBl, fimADT, cvaC, bfmR, bfmSvirulence genes. In our study imipenem induced the highest biofilm formation at a concentration of 32 µg/ml and levofloxacin at a concentration of 16 µg/ml. In conclusion, we detected a new MDRA. baumanniiST2121 clone harboringblaOXA-66gene that has been reported for the first time in Turkey.
Emergence of carbapenemase-producing and colistin resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae ST101 high-risk clone in Turkey
Authors: Hazırolan Gülşen , Karagöz Alper
Published: November 2020

Carbapenemase-producing and colistin resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae has become a worldwide healthcare problem. This study describes molecular characterization of carbapenemase-producing and colistin resistant clinical K. pneumoniae isolates.

A total of 93 non-replicate carbapenem and colistin resistant K. pneumoniae were recovered from clinical specimens in a university hospital during 2017–2019. Detection of blaOXA-48, blaKPC, blaNDM-1, blaIMP, blaVIM-1 and mcr-1, -2, -3, -4, -5, -6, -7, and -8 genes was performed by PCR. The bacterial isolates were assigned to clonal lineages by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and multilocus sequence typing (MLST).

All isolates harbored blaOXA-48 and only two isolates harbored blaOXA-48, and blaNDM-1 genes together. In colistin resistant K. pneumoniae, mcr-1 was detected in two (2.1%) isolates. Ninety three isolates of K. pneumoniae were categorized into three clusters and five pulsotypes. MLST revealed two different sequence types, ST101 (89/93) and ST147 (4/93).

In our study ST101 was found to be a significantly dominant clone carrying blaOXA-48 and among our strains a low frequency of mcr-1 gene was determined. The emergence of colistin resistance was observed in K. pneumoniae ST101 isolates. ST101 may become a global threat in the dissemination of carbapenem and colistin resistance.
Academic mentoring projects between disadvantaged children and students. A method for the preparation of students for inclusive school settings
Authors: Heise Christina , Heinzel Friederike
Published: November 2020

Future teachers agree to meet a pupil once a week to engage in cultural, social and educational activities within the framework of two mentoring projects conducted at the University of Kassel. The students are supported at the University by an educational science seminar and by professional supervision (Garlichs et al., 2000; Heinzel et al., 2007). At the end of the project the students write a case study. Since 2015 these projects are part of PRONET, a government-funded bundle of various projects in the field of educational research, located at the University of Kassel, which are part of the nation-wide research initiative “Qualitätsoffensive Lehrerbildung”. This initiative aims at the improvement of teachers' education regarding inclusion by continuous evaluation of the projects. The mentoring projects promote students' inclusive attitude by stimulating their reflexive and cooperative skills and by raising their awareness for habitus-sensibility. Previous research has shown that mentoring projects can, for example, facilitate teachers' acceptance of heterogeneity of childhood experiences by providing insights into different social environments and by improving reflection on prejudices and stereotypes (Kottmann, 2014; Maas, 2007; Wenzler-Cremer, 2016). Following these findings, the actual research focuses on which kind of reflection students use and if they develop or strengthen inclusive orientations. With regards to data analysis, the qualitative content analysis of the case study is accompanied by sequential interpretation of audio statements, which the students produce at three points in time during their mentoring year. First results show that different kinds of reflection take place, that the students get confronted with inclusive and exclusive inconsistencies, and that they begin to reconceptualize ideas about normality.
Sourdough Bread from the Blend of Cassava, Sweet Potato, and Soybean Flours Using Lactobacillus Plantarum and Pichia Kudriavzevii
Authors: Banwo K. , Osagbemi O. , Ajao O. , Sanni A.
Published: November 2020

Sourdough is specialty bread made from a combination of ﬂour, lactic acid bacteria, and yeasts. Composite ﬂour of cassava, sweet potato, and soybean was used for the production of sourdough bread employing autochthonous lactic acid bacteria and yeasts isolated from the composite dough. The ﬂour samples were assessed for functional properties, while the sourdough breads were evaluated for nutritional composition and organoleptic properties. The ﬂour samples possessed good proximate proﬁles and phenolic contents. The lactic acid bacterium and yeast with the most desirable properties were identiﬁed as Lactobacillus plantarum and Pichia kurdriazevii. Fermentation improved the nutritional indices of the composite sourdough bread samples. Lactobacillus plantarum SLC21 and P. kudriavzevii SYD17 bread had a shelf life of 7 days, while the control bread lasted for at least 4 days. Lactobacillus plantarum SLC21 and Pichia kudriavzevii SYD17 bread had the best overall acceptability. Utilisation of these local crops in a composite blend for sourdough will increase commercial proﬁt for local farmers and developing economy. The composite blend will be of great importance in the preparation of pastries that do not require high gluten content. The strains exhibited great potentials for a better nutritional composition of the composite sourdough bread.
Health Promotion by Adequate Water Intake and Assessment of Beverages Consumption Among University Students
Authors: Schuster J. , Kimáková T. , Kukačka V. , Belovičová M. , Bencko V.
Published: November 2020

The behaviour regarding the ﬂuid intake in adolescents and young adults is an important issue, since these data may provide information about the health consciousness of the next generation. Inappropriate daily beverages intake for a long period can have adverse eﬀects on human health. Positive eﬀects of maintenance of good hydration are known in the prevention of chronic diseases like urolithiasis, bladder or colon cancer, hypertension, obesity, or constipation. In the present study, we examine the various factors of beverage intake by university students. Data from 3020 students of the Czech and Slovak universities were collected in 2016–2018 to evaluate their daily ﬂuid intake and the characteristics of beverage consumptions. We found that gender, country, frequency of daily water intake, nutrition literacy, and some other factors inﬂuence whether a student reports having a daily water intake of more than 1.5 litres. Our respondents have preferences for beverages, based on taste and health eﬀects primarily, prices and availability were secondary. We present the suggestions for a more balanced beverage intake for the studied age group.
Nutritional Value of Traditional and Modern Meals: Jordan and Hungary
Authors: Aloudat M. , Papp A. , Magyar N. , Sarkadi L. Simon , Lugasi A.
Published: November 2020

The purpose of this study was to compare the energy content and macronutrients of forty main popular traditional and modern meals in both Jordan and Hungary with the national and international recommendations. The calculation of energy content and macronutrients were done on traditional and modern recipes by two diﬀerent softwares (ESHA and NutriComp). Neither Jordanian nor Hungarian foods met the recommended energy content (35% of daily energy intake, 8400 kJ for energy intake). The recipes of both nations are characterised by higher protein, fat, and salt contents than WHO recommendation, a lower ﬁbre content, and sugar content within the recommended limits. The fat energy ratio and saturated fatty acid content of Hungarian recipes are signiﬁcantly higher than WHO recommendation. In general, Jordanian meals were more likely to meet the inclusion criteria. In conclusion, neither Jordanian nor Hungarian traditional and popular meals meet the international nutritional recommendations for a healthy diet, however, the composition of the real dishes may diﬀer signiﬁcantly from the recipes depending on the available ingredients and chosen kitchen technology.
Ethanolic Extract of Algerian Propolis Induced Cell Damage in Staphylococcus Aureus: A Promising Alternative as a Natural Bio-Preservative in Food Products
Authors: Bedaida I. K. , Masry S.H.D. , Mamache B. , Shehata M.G. , Benammar L. , Ayachi A.
Published: November 2020

This study describes the antistaphylococcal mechanism of the ethanolic extract of Algerian propolis on Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923. To investigate the underlying mechanism of action of the ethanolic extract of propolis, bacteriolysis, bacterial death, leakage of potassium, proteins, nucleic components, and scanning electron microscopic studies were conducted. The results showed that the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ethanolic extract of propolis against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 was 39 μg ml–1. The extract displayed signiﬁcant bactericid activity against S. aureus in a time and concentration dependant manner. Its mode of action was evident from the increase of K+ eﬄux and nucleotide leakage. These results were conﬁrmed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) that showed remarkable morphological and ultrastructural changes in S. aureus after exposure to 1MIC and 2MIC concentrations. The overall study contributed to the understanding of the antistaphylococcal mechanism of ethanolic extract of propolis. It emphasizes its potential to be used as an important natural bio-preservatives in food products.
Comparison of Antibacterial and Antifungal Effects of Different Varieties of Honey and Propolis Samples
Authors: Kolayli S. , Palabiyik I. , Atik D.S. , Keskin M. , Bozdeveci A. , Karaoglu S.A.
Published: November 2020

Honey is the most important bee product. There are many secondary metabolites, carbohydrates, enzymes, and vitamins in honey, thus, honey has antimicrobial activity. In this study, in vitro antimicrobial activity of forty-two honey and eight propolis ethanolic extracts (PEE) were investigated against 16 microorganisms. Total phenolic content ranged between 20.00–124.10 mg GAE/100 g and 103–232 mg GAE/g for honey and raw propolis samples, respectively. Pine and oak honeydew honeys had higher antimicrobial activity than four diﬀerent grades of Manuka Honeys up to 18 mm minimum inhibition zone diameters. The ethanolic propolis extracts showed much higher antimicrobial activity than the honey samples. Fungi species were inhibited by the propolis samples. Helicobacter pylorii (H. pylorii) was the most sensitive, whereas Streptococcus agalactiae was the most resistant bacteria among the studied microorganisms. Brazilian and Zonguldak propolis had the closest antimicrobial activity to ampicillin, streptomycin, and ﬂuconazole. It can be concluded that both honey and propolis could be used in preservative and complementary medicine.
An Acylase from Shewanella Putrefaciens Presents a Vibrio Parahaemolyticus Acylhomoserine Lactone-Degrading Activity and Exhibits Temperature-, Ph- and Metal-Dependences
Authors: Fang Z. , Sun D. , Gao J. , Guo M. , Sun L. , Wang Y. , Lıu Y. , Wang R. , Deng Q. , Xu D. , Gooneratne R.
Published: November 2020

Shewanella putrefaciens supernatant was found to increase the virulence factors of Vibrio parahaemolyticus by eﬃciently degrading its acylhomoserine lactone (AHL). To further reveal the regulation mechanism and its key degrading enzyme, a potential AHL-degrading enzyme acylase (Aac) from S. putrefaciens was cloned, and the inﬂuences of temperature, pH, protein modiﬁers, and metals on Aac were tested. Aac was signiﬁcantly inﬂuenced by temperature and pH, and exhibited the highest AHL-degrading activity at temperatures of 37 °C and pH of 8. Mg2+ and Fe2+ can further increase the AHL-degrading activity. 10 mM EDTA inhibited its activity possibly by chelating the co-factors (metals) required for Aac activity. Tryptophan and arginine were identiﬁed as key components for Aac activity that are critical to its AHL-degrading activity. This study provides useful information on Aac and for V. parahaemolyticus control.
Molecular Identification and Characterisation of Aspergillus Flavus Isolates Originating from Serbian Wheat Grains
Authors: Krulj J. , Ćurčıć N. , Stančıć A. Bočarov , Kojıć J. , Pezo L. , Tukuljac L. Peıć , Solarov M. Bodroža
Published: November 2020

During previous years, regarding the shifts in climate conditions in temperate region, such as occurrence of high temperatures and prolonged drought, increased occurrence frequencies of Aspergillus flavus and aﬂatoxins in cereal grains were recorded. A reliable and accurate identiﬁcation of the fungi is of great importance for evaluating the microbiological risks of contamination. The essential point of the present investigation was molecular characterisation and identiﬁcation of A. flavus isolates originating from common wheat and spelt grains collected after harvest during the period of three years (2015–2017) in Northern Serbia. A holistic approach that included PCR ampliﬁcation of two DNA genomic regions and PCR-RFLP assay followed by fragment length analysis, provided complete and comprehensive characterisation of A. flavus isolated from wheat grains. The presented results indicate that there was no diﬀerence among the tested Aspergillus isolates on the molecular–genetic level. All 38 strains were identiﬁed as A. flavus by sequencing of combined ITS region and β-tubulin gene fragments (acc. no.: MH582473 to MH582510). PCR-RFLP method in combination with a Lab-on-a-chip (LoaC) electrophoresis can be successfully used to rapidly identify A. flavus isolates.
Effects of Chia Seed Levels on Quality and Bio-Functional Profile of Stirred Yoghurt
Authors: Moussa O. Ben , Rouissi E. , Boulares M. , Hassouna M.
Published: November 2020

Yoghurt is considered as a healthy food. Thus, it could convey functional and bioactive ingredients. Chia seeds are of great interest due to their ability to improve consumer health. In this study, chia seeds were added to stirred yoghurt at diﬀerent doses (1.5, 3, 4.5, or 6%). The eﬀects of chia seeds on physicochemical, microbiological, and sensory qualities were assessed during 28 days of refrigerated storage. The results showed that chia seeds slightly decreased post-acidiﬁcation, the lowest value was obtained in yogurt with 3% chia seeds (24°D), but syneresis rose signiﬁcantly (P<0.05) when 6% of chia seeds was added. Furthermore, chia seeds promote viability of yoghurt bacteria, and antioxidant activity reached 62.20±0.02% in yoghurt added with 1.5% chia seeds. However, proteolysis is not aﬀected. The eﬀects of chia seeds were not dose dependent as 4.5% and 6% did not follow trend. These ﬁndings were aﬃrmed by sensory characteristics. Thus, stirred yoghurt containing 1.5 or 3% of chia seeds proved to be the most adequate choices.
Searching for Antagonistic Activity of Bacterial Isolates Derived from Food Processing Environments on Some Food-Borne Pathogenic Bacteria
Authors: Baráti-Deák B. , Mohácsi-Farkas Cs. , Belák Á.
Published: November 2020

Bacterial strains with inhibitory eﬀect on Salmonella Hartford, Listeria monocytogenes, Yersinia enterocolitica, and Escherichia coli, respectively, were isolated. Out of the 64 bacteria originated from food processing environments, 20 could inhibit at least one of the tested pathogens, and it was proved that growth decline of the pathogenic bacteria was more remarkable by co-culturing than by using cell-free supernatants of the isolates. Seven diﬀerent genera (Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Paenibacillus, Macrococcus, Staphylococcus, Serratia, and Rothia) reduced the pathogens’ growth during the time period of analysis, and the strongest inhibitory eﬀect was observed after 24 h between 15 and 30 °C. Sensitivity of the tested human pathogenic bacteria against the inhibitory strains was distinct, as Y. enterocolitica could be inhibited by numerous isolates, while S. Hartford proved to be the most resistant. Our results reveal that the isolated bacteria or their excreted metabolites could hinder pathogen growth when used in suﬃcient quantities.
Characterisation of Wheat–Oat Flour Extrudate: Physicochemical and Β-Glucan Attributes
Authors: Hu S. , Shu H. , Yuan J.L. , Gao J.Y. , Mu P.Y. , Ren C.Z. , Sang W. , Guo L.C. , Chen H.B.
Published: November 2020

The objective of this study was to evaluate the eﬀect of wheat–oat ﬂour ratio on the physical properties and β-glucan characteristics of extrudates. Results showed that increasing the wheat–oat ﬂour ratio resulted in a decrease in the water solubility index (r2=0.8567) and hardness (r2=0.9316), whereas the expansion ratio (r2=0.9307) and water absorption index (r2=0.9061) increased. Wheat ﬂour generally caused an increase in L values from 57.81 to 62.94 providing bright samples. Few cells were observed at high wheat–oat ﬂour ratios under a scanning electron microscope, and a smooth surface was noted. Meanwhile, the total (r2=0.9867) and soluble (r2=0.9848) β-glucan contents were inversely proportional to the wheat–oat ﬂour ratio. Extrudates with added wheat ﬂour had a high molecular weight, but wheat ﬂour had no signiﬁcant (P<0.05) eﬀect on the viscosity of β-glucan extracts. Conclusively, incorporation of wheat ﬂour at a wheat–oat ﬂour ratio of 2.33 provides ready-to-eat food based on whole oat ﬂour, on account of improving the texture and providing suﬃcient β-glucan contents (0.806 g/100 g) without signiﬁcantly aﬀecting β-glucan viscosity.
Evolution of Folate Content During Wort Production
Authors: Koren D. , Vecseri B. Hegyesné , Kun-Farkas G.
Published: November 2020

There are numerous scientiﬁc publications about the folate content of several types of beers available in commercial trade, but there is limited information about the eﬀect of raw materials and technological steps of brewing on folate content. In this study the aim was to investigate diﬀerent raw materials and the evolution of folate content during laboratory and pilot scale brewing. For the determination of folate content of diﬀerent malts, three types of barley malts (Pilsner, Caramel, and Coloring), wheat malt, rye malt, and oat malt were analysed. For the study of the evolution of folate content during the brewing process, worts were produced on laboratory and pilot scale. Among malts, Pilsner type barley malt had the highest folate content (44.7 μg/100 g d.m.). During brewing the protein rest seemed to dissolve the majority of the folate content, and with the increasing temperature of the β- and α-amylase rests there was a further dissolution. Filtration and sparging did not have negative eﬀect on folate concentration related to the extract content of the wort. Hop boiling had no negative eﬀect on folate content, folate seemed to be stable during the one-hour boiling. Natural folate of barley malt seemed to be stable through the technological steps of brewing, oﬀering the possibility to produce a foodstuﬀ with high natural folate content.
ESX secretion system: The gatekeepers of mycobacterial survivability and pathogenesis
Authors: Roy Sadhana , Ghatak Debika , Das Payel , BoseDasgupta Somdeb
Published: November 2020

Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of Tuberculosis has plagued humankind for ages and has surfaced stronger than ever with the advent of drug resistance. Mycobacteria are adept at evading the host immune system and establishing infection by engaging host factors and secreting several virulence factors. Hence these secretion systems play a key role in mycobacterial pathogenesis. The type VII secretion system or ESX (early secretory antigenic target (ESAT6) secretion) system is one such crucial system that comprises five different pathways having distinct roles in mycobacterial proliferation, pathogenesis, cytosolic escape within macrophages, regulation of macrophage apoptosis, metal ion homeostasis, etc. ESX 1–5 systems are implicated in the secretion of a plethora of proteins, of which only a few are functionally characterized. Here we summarize the current knowledge of ESX secretion systems of mycobacteria with a special focus on ESX-1 and ESX-5 systems that subvert macrophage defenses and help mycobacteria to establish their niche within the macrophage.
Economic growth and income distribution implications of public spending and tax decisions
Authors: Darvas Zsolt
Published: November 2020

Both the level and composition of public expenditures and revenues have implications for economic development, as argued by the ‘fiscal multiplier’ and the ‘quality of public finance’ literature. Public finance decisions also influence the distribution of income. By reviewing the literature, I argue for a fair distribution of income as reflected in low income inequality, not particularly because of the impact of income inequality on long-term growth (which is a controversial issue), but primarily because income inequality typically implies inequality of opportunity. European Union countries have very diverse public finance structures and different levels of effectiveness, and there is room for improvement in growth and equality impacts in all countries. A general guideline would be that the most effective approach comprises progressive taxes and inheritance taxes, spending on education, health and public infrastructure, and better government effectiveness. At the height of the 2008 global and the subsequent European financial and economic crises, the fiscal consolidation strategies of EU countries largely relied on cutting public investment and social spending (except pensions), which is the opposite of what is suggested in the literature. Better fiscal rules and good fiscal institutions are needed to safeguard growth- and distribution friendly expenditures in a crisis.
Sharing communities – Community currency in the sharing economy
Authors: Szemerédi Eszter , Tatay Tibor
Published: November 2020

For the further development and more efficient operation of the sharing economy, a fast and inexpensive peer-to-peer payment system is an essential element. The aim of this study is to outline a prototype that ensures the automation and decentralization of processes through smart contracts without blockchain technology. The model has been built based on the narrative that a community currency created through smart contracts can promote genuine practices of sharing as opposed to the profit-oriented approach that most of the currently operating sharing economy platforms have. Features of the model, such as ease of use, high-speed transactions without transaction cost are benefits that can provide a more efficient alternative to the traditional or to the cryptocurrency-based centralized sharing economy platforms.
Human Gait Cycle Analysis Using Kinect V2 Sensor
Authors: Müller Péter , Schiffer Ádám
Published: November 2020

Examining a human movement can provide a wealth of information about a patient’s medical condition. The examination process can be used to diagnose abnormal changes (lesions), ability development and monitor the rehabilitation process of people with reduced mobility. There are several approaches to monitor people, among other things with sensors and various imaging and processing devices. In this case a Kinect V2 sensor and a self-developed LabView based application was used, to examine the movement of the lower limbs. The ideal gait pattern was recorded in the RoboGait training machine and the measured data was used to identify the phases of the human gait. During the evaluation, the position of the skeleton model, the associated body joints and angles can be calculated. The pre-recorded ideal and natural gait cycle can be compared.

With the self-developed method the pre-recorded ideal and natural gait cycle can be compared and processed for further evaluation. The evaluated measurement data confirm that a reliable and mobile solution for gait analysis has been created.
Experimental Study on Pool Boiling Heat Transfer Performance of Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles Based Water Nanofluid
Authors: Kamel Mohammed Saad , Lezsovits Ferenc
Published: November 2020

This study aims to experimentally investigate the nucleate pool boiling heat transfer performance of magnesium oxide nanoparticles MgO based deionized water nanofluid at the atmospheric pressure condition. Dilute volumetric concentrations within a range of 0.001% to 0.01% Vol. were used to examine the pool boiling heat transfer performance represented by pool boiling curve, and pool boiling heat transfer coefficient. The heating element was a horizontal copper heated tube with a typical diameter 22 mm submerged inside the cubic boiling chamber. Efforts have been made to measure the surface temperatures along the heated tube to ensure the proper and accurate heat transfer coefficient calculations in this work. The results indicated that the pool boiling heat transfer coefficient enhancement ratio (PBHTC /PBHTC ) was intensified for volume fractions i.e. 0.001%, 0.004%, and 0.007% Vol. while it was degraded for volume concentrations i.e. 0.01%, and 0.04% Vol. compared to deionized water as baseline case.
Theoretical and Numerical Analysis of an Aluminum Foam Sandwich Structure
Authors: Al-Fatlawi Alaa , Jármai Károly , Kovács György
Published: November 2020

The aim of the research was to develop a new lightweight sandwich structure, which can be used for elements of air containers. The structure consists of aluminum foam core with fiber reinforced composite face-sheets. Nine different laminated glass or/and carbon fiber reinforced plastic face-sheet combinations were investigated. Finite element analysis of the sandwich structures was introduced. Single-objective optimization of the new sandwich structure was achieved for minimal weight. Five design constraints were considered: stiffness of the structure, face-sheet failure, core shear, face-sheet wrinkling, size constraints for design variables. The elaborated composite structure results significant weight savings due to low density.
Composite Steel and RPC Testing
Authors: Michalek Peter , Kralovanec Jakub , Bujnak Jan
Published: November 2020

Reactive powder concretes are a set of ultrahigh-strength concrete reinforced with fibers. Their compressive strength is greater than 100 MPa. For assuring connection of steel beams and a concrete slab, steel stud connectors are used. The investigation of that kind of shear connection efficiency, in the case of this higher strength concrete deck using standard push-out test specimens has been executed. The experimental results are presented in the paper.
Investigation of the Warping Torsion of a Press Machine
Authors: Erdős Antal Gábor , Jármai Károly
Published: November 2020

In this article, the investigation of a press machine with 30 tons of pressing weight is presented. The beam of this machine is an I-beam, which has an open cross-section. It is known that this version of cross-section is sensitive to torsional stress. The stress from warping torsion is normal stress, so the opened cross-section is more sensitive to this type of stress. The bimoment that causes normal stress can also be very high, so dealing with this stress is very important.
Hydraulic Assessment of the Impacts of Gate Realization on Groundwater Regime
Authors: Šoltész Andrej , Baroková Dana , Shenga Zinaw Dingetu , Červeňanská Michaela
Published: November 2020

Presented paper deals with the hydraulic assessment of groundwater flow in the area affected by the realization of the hydraulic gate on the Klátov branch and in the adjacent territory of a dike, which is located on the right-side of Little Danube. This hydraulic assessment is part of the project of the Slovak Water Management Enterprise, which also aims to increase the height and seal the dike on the right-side of the Little Danube. Generally, the project is divided into three phases (Phase I, II and III) to implement different technical measures to protect the area from flooding. The assumption for the execution of the technical measures of the mentioned three project phases is a continuous flood protection of part of the Žitný ostrov area around the Little Danube and the Klátov River branch in the reach from Kolárovo to Jahodná town. Therefore, a 3D mathematical model was created to simulate groundwater flow by changing boundary conditions of surface water flow during flood periods.
Predicted Changes in Short-Term Rainfall Intensities and Runoff at the Ipoltica River Basin
Authors: Földes Gabriel , Kohnová Silvia , Labat Marija Mihaela , Hlavčová Kamila
Published: November 2020

The paper focuses on the impact of climate change on runoff in the Ipoltica River basin in northern Slovakia. The analysis is divided into two parts: the first part contains an analysis of predicted changes in short-term rainfall intensities at the Liptovská Teplička climatological station; the second part is focused on the impact of runoff on a small mountainous river basin. The predicted short-term rainfall intensities were analyzed using the Community Land Model, which is a Regional Climate Model. The analysis was performed in durations of 60 to 1440 minutes for a warm period. The focus was aimed at comparing changes in rainfall characteristics, especially changes in seasonality, the scaling exponents, and design values. The second part focuses on the impact of changes in short-term rainfall on changes in runoff. The estimation of predicted runoff changes was provided for the period 2070 - 2100. These results were compared with the results from actual observations. The design floods were calculated using the Soil Conservation Service - Curve Number method. The results show that the runoff will be affected by climate change. Hence, it is important to reevaluate the land use management and practices at the Ipoltica River basin.
Present Condition Analysis and Design of Sewer Collector Recovery
Authors: Csicsaiová Réka , Marko Ivana , Hrudka Jaroslav , Škultétyová Ivona , Stanko Štefan
Published: November 2020

The aim of the study is to assess the hydraulic capacity of the sewer network and sewer collector recovery in the urban catchment area of Trnava.

The analysis focuses on the evaluation of situations with different precipitation frequencies. Elaboration consists of modeling the current state of the assessed sewer collector B and subsequent loading of this collector by several block rainfalls. Based on the results of the analysis, the recovery of the sewer network proposed.
Automated Sphere Segmentation from Point Clouds
Authors: Honti Richard , Erdélyi Ján , Kopáčik Alojz
Published: November 2020

Nowadays huge datasets can be collected in a relatively short time. After capturing these data sets the next step is their processing. Automation of the processing steps can contribute to efficiency increase, to reduction of the time needed for processing, and to reduction of interactions of the user. The paper brings a short review of the most reliable methods for sphere segmentation. An innovative algorithm for automated detection of spheres and for estimating their parameters from 3D point clouds is introduced. The algorithm proposed was tested on complex point clouds. In the last part of the paper, the implementation of the algorithm proposed to a standalone application is described.