bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
UMA LEITO(U)RA EM TRÊS TEMPOS
Authors: Da Silva Célia Cristina
Published: December 2015

Este trabalho é uma análise de três momentos na trajetória e transformação de uma leitora empírica em leitora-modelo, desde sua primeira leitura da novela Amor de perdição, de Camilo Castelo Branco. Por meio das teorias da recepção, mais especificamente de Jauss, Eco e Fish, analisamos a maneira como essa leitora percorreu o texto narrativo, num primeiro momento rejeitando-o e posteriormente compreendendo as estratégias utilizadas pelo escritor, provocando uma significativa mudança de opinião.
EDUCAÇÃO LITERÁRIA E EDUCAÇÃO PARA AS RELAÇÕES ÉTNICO-RACIAIS: UMA EXPERIÊNCIA DE EDUCAÇÃO A DISTÂNCIA
Authors: Naccari Denise , Debus Eliane Santana Dias , Moreira Maria Aparecida Rita
Published: December 2015

Embora a LDB apresente em seu artigo 26-A o ensino da literatura afro-brasileira como obrigatório, pouco se tem feito para capacitar os professores e professoras a contemplar a leitura dos escritores e escritoras afro-brasileiros no currículo escolar. No intuito de formar multiplicadores para o ensino dessa literatura, foi elaborado um curso na modalidade a distância. Essa proposta foi apresentada aos professores e professoras da rede pública estadual de Santa Catarina que trabalham com o Ensino Médio através do Educad (Educação Continuada à Distância), espaço que tem por objetivo proporcionar Formação Continuada aos professores das diferentes disciplinas curriculares da Educação Básica e faz parte do portal da Secretaria de Educação (SED) do Estado de Santa Catarina. O curso intitulado A literatura no contexto da sala de aula – trabalhando com contos, realizado no período de 28 de abril de 2011 a 12 de agosto de 2011, totalizou 120 horas e atingiu um público final de cinquenta e oito professores. Para tanto, utilizou diferentes ferramentas, entre elas: fóruns, questionários, tarefas, diários. A participação dos cursistas foi muito positiva, uma vez que mais de 50% dos iniciantes concluíram o curso. A boa avaliação dos cursistas a respeito do curso, bem como seus depoimentos, demonstraram que a educação a distância pode ser utilizada para auxiliar na capacitação de professores e professoras.
UM OLHAR SOBRE AS CONTROVÉRSIAS
Authors: Lapkoski Graziella Araujo De Oliveira , Lindstron Jacqueline Andreucci
Published: December 2015

Inserida no campo de estudos da Linguística Aplicada, a Teoria das Controvérsias apresenta-se como área de pesquisa relativamente recente no mundo e no Brasil. Considerando que todo estudo requer um embasamento teórico, a partir do qual seja possível aprofundar os conhecimentos sobre um ou mais aspectos relacionados a uma área, este artigo tem como objetivo lançar um breve olhar sobre o que são controvérsias e suas características, na primeira parte. Em seguida, algumas dessas principais características serão verificadas na análise de quatro textos, que compõem uma controvérsia sobre a faculdade da linguagem, com destaque para a questão da dicotomia entre faculdade de linguagem de sentido estrito (FLN) e faculdade da linguagem de sentido amplo (FLB). Tal controvérsia se deu entre os pesquisadores Marc D. Hauser, Noam Chomsky e W. Tecumseh Fitch de um lado e Steven Pinker e Ray Jackendoff de outro. Finalmente, apresenta as conclusões sobre a disputa em questão e expõe se as características propostas pelo filósofo Marcelo Dascal se aplicam no caso. As leituras apontam uma área de pesquisa promissora capaz de evidenciar as questões intrínsecas do texto e levar a uma reflexão sobre a função do debate acadêmico para o linguista, além dos limites do texto.
CANDIDO, SANTIAGO E A MACUMBA: POSSÍVEIS LEITURAS DA “DIALÉTICA DA MALANDRAGEM” E DO “ENTRE-LUGAR DO DISCURSO LATINO-AMERICANO” DENTRO DO CAPÍTULO “MACUMBA”, DE MACUNAÍMA
Authors: Garcia Luis Eduardo Veloso
Published: December 2015

Abordaremos neste artigo uma leitura significativa das ideias presentes em “Dialética da Malandragem”, de Antônio Candido, e “O Entre-Lugar do Discurso Latino-Americano”, de Silviano Santiago, contextualizando-as através de uma proposta prática de convergência destes dois textos teóricos dentro do mesmo texto, mais especificamente o capítulo “Macumba”, do livro Macunaíma, de Mario de Andrade. Portanto, ao retratar a importância destes textos e colocá-los no mesmo espaço interpretativo, pretende-se aqui não só a compreensão dos conceitos refletidos neles, mas também sua exemplificação como modelo interpretativo crítico de nossa cultura.
NARRATIVAS TRANSMÍDIA E TEORIA DA LITERATURA: DESAFIOS E PERSPECTIVAS
Authors: Do Prado Marcio Roberto
Published: December 2015

O presente artigo pretende apresentar uma discussão a respeito dos desafios e perspectivas referentes ao contexto da teoria da literatura por meio de uma reflexão sobre as narrativas transmídia, com exemplos de personagens tomados como elemento essencial da narrativa literária.
JOSÉ DO PATROCÍNIO: UM ABOLICIONISTA NA FICÇÃO E NA VIDA
Authors: Souza Marcos Teixeira
Published: December 2015

Conhecido como um dos eminentes abolicionistas e jornalistas na campanha abolicionista do século XIX, José do Patrocínio também foi escritor, com três romances publicados. Em um deles, Motta Coqueiro ou a pena de morte, escrito em 1877, Patrocínio narra, por meio da personagem Balbina, a aflição da mulher negra, rememorando assim o sofrimento de Justina do Espírito Santo, mãe do abolicionista. É nesse momento que Historiografia e Literatura se confundem e se aproximam; e mostram José do Patrocínio como um abolicionista na ficção e na vida.
A WHODUNIT IN THE EFL CLASSROOM
Authors: Silva Victor Ernesto Silveira
Published: December 2015

No presente artigo é apresentada uma discussão sobre a importância da Literatura para o ensino e aprendizado de inglês como língua estrangeira (ILE). Alguns estudiosos, como McKay (1982) não acreditam que o uso de Literatura no ensino de línguas estrangeiras possa beneficiar o aprendizado de ILE, outros linguistas, no entanto, percebem a Literatura como uma fonte de materiais que poderia melhorar o ensino e aprendizado de língua estrangeira. Em defesa da Literatura estão pesquisadores e linguistas tais como Paran, Malley, Carter e Long entre outros, os quais são unanimes em destacar que ao trazer a Literatura para o ensino de ILE os aprendizes adquirem não só conhecimento linguístico mas também cultural e intrapessoal. Ainda assim, é possível que professores de ILE sintam-se desconfortáveis ao aplicar a Literatura na sala de aula devido à falta de materiais, relutância dos estudantes, tempo e conhecimentos específicos. A fim de mostrar como alguns desses problemas podem ser sanados, foi estruturado pequeno projeto de cinco aulas baseadas em uma história de detetives protagonizada por Sherlock Holmes. A fim de fornecer fundamentos teóricos ao professor foi incluída uma seção sobre a Literatura de mistério.
A CONSTRUÇÃO DA HOMOSSEXUALIDADE NO DISCURSO DA IMPRENSA: UMA ANÁLISE COMPARATIVA DA MÍDIA DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL
Authors: Junior Atilio Butturi , Brasil Yan Kaue Da Silva
Published: December 2015

Este artigo tem por objetivo apresentar uma análise do discurso sobre a homossexualidade na imprensa das cidades de Erechim e Porto Alegre, RS. Metodologicamente, partiu-se da análise do discurso de linha francesa, sobretudo das discussões da arqueogenealogia foucaultiana, no que se refere ao dispositivo sexual e a ordenação produtiva dos discursos sobre o corpo e a sexualidade. O corpus foi composto de discursos midiáticos consultados no período de 1º de abril a 31 de maio de 2012. A tentativa foi de estabelecer análises sobre discursos contemporâneos ligados ao gênero e à sexualidade e entendê-los a partir de regramentos de um arquivo que cinde o discurso sexual na díade masculino-feminino. A partir do entendimento da cisão encontrada entre o discurso masculino e o feminino, comparam-se os discursos midiáticos que circulam nas cidades de Erechim e Porto Alegre, apontando as diferenças e as aproximações entre os enunciados, identificando tanto uma pertença arqueológica comum quanto estratégias de deslocamento diversificadas. Com as análises, o que se nota de imediato é a presença da heteronormatização no discurso midiático, sobretudo na cidade de Erechim, onde há uma disciplinarização dos enunciados homocorporais e homossexuais.
A REPRESENTAÇÃO HISTÓRICA EM DOIS IRMÃOS, DE MILTON HATOUM
Authors: Dos Santos Katrym Aline Bordinhão
Published: December 2015

Para analisarmos a representação do momento histórico de um período autoritário, no caso a ditadura brasileira, e seus desdobramentos na vida de um personagem romanesco, inicialmente esclareceremos a nossa visão diante da relação estabelecida entre literatura e história. Assim, utilizaremos teóricos como Antoine Compagnon e Frederic Jameson, além de outros que se mostrarem importantes no processo de pesquisa. Em seguida, nosso foco será o personagem Laval, do romance Dois irmãos, de Milton Hatoum, sendo esse livro, portanto,  nossa principal fonte de reflexão, haja vista que será a partir da representação realizada por essa fonte que pautaremos as reflexões acerca de um período histórico comumente retratado na literatura, certamente de formas diversas da que é realizada pelo romance em questão. Para tal reflexão, aplicaremos as questões teóricas encontradas na pesquisa bibliográfica acerca do tema nas situações que percebemos envolver a temática histórica dentro do romance Dois irmãos, permitindo, assim, que esclareçamos de que forma o período histórico da ditadura foi representado na obra literária, portanto, ficcional, tendo em pauta a figura do personagem Laval. Nossa metodologia será, então, regida pela pesquisa bibliográfica em ambas as áreas de interesse: história e literatura, e suas possíveis relações.

 
ÓPERA E LITERATURA EM CENA: UMA ANÁLISE DA OBRA JUVENIL AÍDA, ADAPTADA POR HAN MI-HO E ILUSTRADA POR LUCIA SFORZA
Authors: Ferreria Eliane Aparecida Galvão Ribeiro , Binato Claudia Valéria Penavel
Published: December 2015

Este texto tem por objetivo apresentar uma análise da obra Aída, adaptada
por Han Mi-Ho (2012) e ilustrada por Lucia Sforza, a partir de ópera clássica homônima de Giuseppe Verdi. Esta obra compõe a coleção Música clássica em cena, da editora FTD, que visa a apresentar ao público jovem histórias de importantes libretos considerados como clássicos no campo musical. Mais especificamente, pretende-se neste texto verificar, a partir dos princípios bakhtinianos, como se efetiva a dialogia entre a produção de Verdi e a obra adaptada de Han-Mi-Ho. Para a consecução dos objetivos, pretende-se apresentar uma reflexão acerca do que propicia o prazer na leitura. Constrói-se, neste texto, a hipótese de que a estratégia de Han-Mi-Ho de resgatar uma ópera clássica e adaptá-la sob a forma de narrativa ilustrada para o jovem leitor, tanto lhe faculta contato com um texto atraente, lúdico e crítico que o conduzirá à reflexão, quanto amplia seus conhecimentos, por meio do resgate da memória cultural. A apropriação de uma produção cultural clássica, mas adaptada à linguagem narrativa e direcionada ao jovem, pode atuar como fator de valoração da identidade deste leitor. Por meio dela, ele é capaz de elevar sua autoestima, pois percebe que é considerado como receptor de uma produção, ao mesmo tempo em que se reconhece como herdeiro de um patrimônio cultural tradicional.
A OPERAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA DE 'PARAR' E 'DEIXAR'
Authors: Bertucci Roberlei Alves
Published: December 2015

O objetivo deste trabalho é verificar a operação semântica dos aspectuais parar e deixar, e mostrar as diferenças e semelhanças entre eles. Intuitivamente, a característica que mais aproxima parar de deixar é justamente o fato de ambos informarem a interrupção de um dado evento. Como se verá, há diferenças quanto à seleção dos complementos, ao output da operação que realizam e às leituras que oferecem às sentenças em que ocorrem.
ELECTRA E SENHORA DOS AFOGADOS: A TRAGÉDIA E SUAS IDEOLOGIAS
Authors: Nogueira Poliane Vieira
Published: December 2015

Partindo do conceito de ideologia de Marx (2001) e de como as visões de mundo de cada período histórico definem as formas teatrais, nos propomos a pensar tais ideologias a partir das versões de Eurípedes e de Sófocles de Electra, bem como Senhora dos Afogados, de Nelson Rodrigues. As duas primeiras tragédias situam-se na Grécia Antiga e nos permitem pensar a produção desse gênero neste período, quando o homem ainda não se compreende como indivíduo e a coletividade, bem como a noção de destino, regem seu modo de vida e de pensar o mundo. A descoberta do homem como indivíduo a partir do século XX possibilita novos recursos de construção da personagem e da própria estrutura teatral, como veremos em Nelson Rodrigues que dá uma nova roupagem para o coro e constrói sua protagonista Moema a partir do mito de Electra, registrado por Eurípedes e Sófocles. Discutiremos a partir Georges Duby (1990) e dialogaremos com os textos teatrais citados como se dava a produção teatral antes e depois da emergência do indivíduo.
A PRODUÇÃO DE GÊNEROS DISCURSIVOS NO CIBERESPAÇO: DESAFIOS PARA OS NOVOS LETRAMENTOS
Authors: Nascimento Daniel Clóvis dos Santos , Remenche Maria de Lourdes Rossi
Published: December 2015

As competências de leitura e escrita no ciberespaço numa época de avanços na área tecnológica apontam para modificações nas formas de ler e escrever em novos suportes e diferentes linguagens. Mediadas pelas tecnologias da informação e comunicação, as leituras e produções textuais são redimensionadas pelas redes sociais. Isso porque, inseridos no ambiente virtual, os internautas estabelecem novas formas de interação, compartilhando informações e experiências, além de desenvolverem novas práticas sociais como a participação ativa em grupos de interesses comuns. O presente artigo propõe uma reflexão sobre a prática de leitura e escrita na rede Skoob, uma plataforma de interação social. Para tanto, realizou-se uma análise do gênero discursivo resenha disponibilizado nessa plataforma, verificando-se as características dessa produção nesse espaço relacional.
Diálogos mediados pelas tecnologias, pelos saberes interculturais e pela competência comunicativa
Authors: Dorsa Arlinda Cantero , Dos Santos Rorimeire Martins Regis , Lopes Maria Cristina Paniago
Published: December 2015

Este artigo é parte de um trabalho desenvolvida junto ao Grupo de Pesquisas e Estudos em Tecnologia Educacional e Educação a Distância (GETED), da Universidade Católica Dom Bosco (UCDB, Mato Grosso do Sul), que desde 2006 estuda a questão da formação continuada no âmbito presencial e a distância, a linguagem, as inter-relações e as ferramentas de tecnologias de informação e comunicação. Objetiva discutir a importância dos diálogos mediados pelas tecnologias, pelos saberes interculturais e pela competência comunicativa. O contexto da pesquisa ocorreu entre professores brasileiros e alunos universitários canadenses em uma parceria de estágio internacional entre a (UCDB) Brasil e a (UOM), no Canadá por meio de encontros presenciais e virtuais. Como subsídio teórico utilizamos Freire (1993), Canale e Swain (1980), Candau (2003), Fleuri (2000/2001). Entendemos que tal parceria evidenciou a necessidade de um diálogo que transpusesse as competências linguísticas e textuais na mediação entre os implícitos interculturais e os saberes necessários.

 Palavras-chave: Aprendizagem colaborativa. Tecnologias. Saberes Interculturais. Competência Comunicativa. Brasil. Canadá
Healthcare Resource Use and Direct Costs in Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis and Psoriatic Arthritis in a Large US Cohort
Authors: Greenberg Jeffrey D. , Palmer Jacqueline B. , Li Yunfeng , Herrera Vivian , Tsang Yuen , Liao Minlei
Published: December 2015

Objective.

Direct costs of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) have not been well characterized in the United States. This study assessed healthcare resource use and direct cost of AS and PsA, and identified predictors of all-cause medical and pharmacy costs.

Methods.

Adults aged ≥ 18 with a diagnosis of AS and PsA were identified in the MarketScan databases between October 1, 2011, and September 30, 2012. Patients were continuously enrolled with medical and pharmacy benefits for 12 months before and after the index date (first diagnosis). Baseline demographics and comorbidities were identified. Direct costs included hospitalizations, emergency room and office visits, and pharmacy costs. Multivariable regression was used to determine whether baseline covariates were associated with direct costs.

Results.

Patients with AS were younger and mostly men compared with patients with PsA. Hypertension and hyperlipidemia were the most common comorbidities in both cohorts. A higher percentage of patients with PsA used biologics and nonbiologic disease-modifying drugs (61.1% and 52.4%, respectively) compared with patients with AS (52.5% and 21.8%, respectively). Office visits were the most commonly used resource by patients with AS and PsA (∼11 visits). Annual direct medical costs [all US dollars, mean (SD)] for patients with AS and PsA were $6514 ($32,982) and $5108 ($22,258), respectively. Prescription drug costs were higher for patients with PsA [$14,174 ($15,821)] compared with patients with AS [$11,214 ($14,249)]. Multivariable regression analysis showed higher all-cause direct costs were associated with biologic use, age, and increased comorbidities in patients with AS or PsA (all p < 0.05).

Conclusion.

Biologic use, age, and comorbidities were major determinants of all-cause direct costs in patients with AS and PsA.
Is Disease Activity in Rheumatoid Arthritis during Pregnancy and after Delivery Predictive for Disease Activity in a Subsequent Pregnancy?
Authors: Ince-Askan Hilal , Hazes Johanna M.W. , Dolhain Radboud J.E.M.
Published: December 2015

Objective.

To determine whether disease activity in women with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in 1 pregnancy is predictive for disease activity in a subsequent pregnancy.

Methods.

In the Pregnancy-induced Amelioration of Rheumatoid Arthritis study, there are prospective data on 27 patients who participated twice. Improvement and deterioration is determined by changes in the Disease Activity Score in 28 joints.

Results.

Only 4 patients (14.8%) had comparable disease courses in both pregnancies, whereas treatment remained mostly similar. In contrast, a flare postpartum after the first pregnancy was predictive for a flare after the second pregnancy (p = 0.003).

Conclusion.

RA disease course in following pregnancies cannot be predicted based upon previous pregnancies. However, a flare postpartum seems to predict subsequent flares.
Effectiveness and Feasibility Associated with Switching to a Second or Third TNF Inhibitor in Patients with Psoriatic Arthritis: A Cohort Study from Southern Sweden
Authors: Kristensen Lars Erik , Lie Elisabeth , Jacobsson Lennart T.H. , Christensen Robin , Mease Philip J. , Bliddal Henning , Geborek Pierre
Published: December 2015

Objective.

Because new modes of action for the treatment of psoriatic arthritis (PsA) are emerging, it is important to understand the use of switching to a second or third antitumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) agent. This study investigated drug survival and treatment response rates of patients with PsA undergoing second- and third-line anti-TNF therapy.

Methods.

Patients with PsA were monitored in a prospective, observational study. Patients who switched anti-TNF therapy once (first-time switchers, n = 217) or twice (second-time switchers, n = 57) between January 2003 and March 2012 were studied. American College of Rheumatology (ACR) and European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) good response at 3 and 6 months, as well as drug survival, were reported and further analyzed using the Cox and logistic regression models.

Results.

Median age for first-time switchers was 47 years and 42% were men. The corresponding values for second-time switchers were 48 years and 40% men. Three-month ACR20 Lund Efficacy Index (LUNDEX) response was achieved by 47% of first-time and 22% of second-time switchers; ACR50 LUNDEX rates were 21% and 14%, ACR70 LUNDEX rates were 12% and 2%, and EULAR good LUNDEX rates were 26% and 10%, respectively. Median drug survival time for patients switching anti-TNF for the first time was 64 months (95% CI 31–97) compared with 14 months (95% CI 5–23) for second-time switchers. Identified baseline predictor of ACR20 response to second-line treatment was the 28-joint Disease Activity Score values at baseline (OR 1.45, 95% CI 1.01–2.10), while higher Health Assessment Questionnaire scores predicted premature drug withdrawal (HR 1.60, 95% CI 1.03–2.48).

Conclusion.

Response rates of first-time anti-TNF switchers are moderate, while the inferior response rates of second-time switchers suggest other therapeutic options should be considered in this situation.
Travaux de l’ATIH sur les systèmes de tarification
Authors: Holla Housseyni
Published: December 2015

L’ATIH présente quelques travaux phares sur les modèles de financement du secteur sanitaire. En médecine, chirurgie, obstétrique (MCO), dix ans après sa mise en place, la T2A doit être optimisée pour prendre en compte certaines situations particulières. Ainsi, l’agence intervient, en lien avec un prestataire, sur la problématique des établissements de santé isolés et des hôpitaux de proximité. L’enjeu est de trouver un modèle de financement adapté. La baisse de la durée de séjour doit conduire à trouver de nouvelles variables discriminantes des coûts pour affiner les tarifs. Cette recherche est menée dans le cadre de groupes techniques (charge en soin, séjours non programmés) associant les acteurs (fédérations hospitalières, établissements…). Le système de financement doit aussi assurer la diffusion des bonnes pratiques (comme l’hospitalisation en ambulatoire) et promouvoir la qualité des soins (mise en place d’une incitation financière à l’amélioration de la qualité). En partenariat avec la HAS, l’ATIH développe les outils techniques pour mesurer la qualité des soins et calcule le montant de l’incitation financière. En soins de suite et de réadaptation (SSR), hospitalisation à domicile (HAD) et psychiatrie, l’agence a un rôle d’outillage des acteurs pour faire évoluer les modèles de financement. Deux types d’outils sont développés : description de l’activité via la classification médico-économique et connaissance des coûts via l’étude nationale des coûts mise en place en SSR et HAD depuis 2011.
L’analyse économique des coopérations inter-hospitalières : la coopération pour la concurrence
Authors: Collin Arnaud , Demanet Quentin , Fenoll Bertrand , Joubert Jérôme , Paul Erwann
Published: December 2015

L’objectif de cet article est de montrer comment l’utilisation d’un certain de nombre de concepts de l’analyse économique permet d’identifier les fondements des stratégies d’alliance entre offreurs de soin et de décrire les coopérations inter-hospitalières. Nous soulignerons que les notions d’avantage compétitif et comparatif, de gain à la spécialisation, d’effet d’échelle et de réputation ainsi que d’accélération des innovations technologiques sont au centre d’une logique entrainant le regroupement d’établissements sur un même territoire. Ils cherchent, ainsi, à diminuer l’intensité de la concurrence intra-territoriale pour augmenter la compétitivité collective des membres du partenariat. Sur la base d’évidence empirique et d’une revue ciblée de la littérature, la mobilisation de mécanismes clés de l’économie industrielle nous permettra de proposer une typologie des démarches de coopération. Elle s’appuiera sur une illustration des relations entre trois axes stratégiques fortement liés, le « reengineering » organisationnel, la maitrise de la demande et la maitrise des coûts.
Inhibición de la formación de compuestos intermetálicos en juntas aluminio-acero soldadas por fricción-agitación
Authors: Torres López Edwar A. , Ramirez Antonio J.
Published: December 2015

La unión de juntas aluminio-acero, sin la formación de fases deletéreas del tipo FexAly, ha sido, por décadas, un desafío para los procesos de soldadura. La soldadura por fricción-agitación ha sido empleada para intentar reducir el aporte térmico y evitar la formación de compuestos intermetálicos. Usando esta técnica fueron soldadas juntas disimilares de aluminio 6063-T5 y acero AISI-SAE 1020. La soldadura fue acompañada de medidas de temperatura durante su ejecución. La interfase de las juntas soldadas fue caracterizada utilizando microscopía óptica, electrónica de barrido y electrónica de transmisión. Adicionalmente fueron realizadas medidas puntuales X-EDS y DRX. Los resultados experimentales revelan que la temperatura máxima en la junta es inferior a 360 °C. La caracterización microestructural en la interfase aluminio-acero demostró la ausencia de compuestos intermetálicos, condición atribuida al uso de parámetros de soldadura con bajo aporte térmico.
Les relations de classes sur les chantiers brésiliens : exploitation, contrôle et confiance
Authors: Costa Luciano Rodrigues
Published: December 2015

Cet article étudie le fonctionnement du marché du travail dans le secteur du bâtiment d’une petite ville du Minas Gerais. En s’appuyant sur l’ethnographie des pratiques de travail et de gestion du personnel sur un chantier de taille moyenne, l’auteur s’efforce de montrer comment les impératifs techniques et organisationnels se combinent à des logiques de rapports de classe dans les pratiques d’embauche, de rémunération et de licenciement. L’hypothèse principale discutée est empruntée à Alain Morice qui avait suggéré dans les années 1990 que l’écrasement hiérarchique et l’exploitation des manœuvres dans les chantiers s’expliquent en partie par le mépris pour les travailleurs manuels déqualifiés venus des campagnes.
Ostentations vestimentaires affirmées et refusées : l’habillement à Recife comme marque de distinction sociale
Authors: O’Dougherty Maureen
Published: December 2015

Cet article est consacré à l’étude de la distinction de classe par le vêtement à Recife dans les années 1970-1980. Sur la base de souvenirs personnels, d’observations et d’un corpus d’entretiens récents conduits auprès de contacts connus à l’époque, l’auteur essaie de comprendre ce que le choix vestimentaire pouvait signifier pour les groupes sociaux de cette ville. Discutant les théories classiques qui mettent en valeur le poids de la classe sociale dans la mode, ainsi que les travaux contemporains qui soulignent l’importance d’autres variables sociales dans les manières de s’habiller, l’article montre notamment que ces codes servaient à délimiter les frontières entre les classes et que les membres des classes moyennes supérieures attachaient une grande importance à empêcher les individus des classes populaires de bien s’habiller.
Les rapports de classe dans les approches ethnographiques de la sociologie brésilienne
Authors: Fayette Nicolas
Published: December 2015

Ce texte discute l’apport d’enquêtes récentes sur les rapports de classe au Brésil. L’auteur fait le constat que les études ethnographiques sur le sujet sont rares en dépit de leur intérêt évident en termes de données et de perspectives d’analyse. Il le montre en se servant de textes consacrés aux étudiants pauvres à l’université, mais aussi en décrivant les pratiques de consommation populaires et les rapports de classe au sein d’établissements psychiatriques. Ces contributions montrent en particulier que les rapports de classe ne peuvent être devinés a priori puisqu’ils dépendent du contexte des interactions, des situations économiques et sociales locales et des représentations mutuelles des groupes en présence.
Proactive Law as Competitive Advantage in Crowdfunding
Authors: Wroldsen Jack
Published: December 2015

This chapter explains how the paradigm of proactive law as competitive advantage can help entrepreneurs succeed in crowdfunding campaigns. Business law scholars have developed theories of “proactive law” and “law as competitive advantage” to show how law can be transformed from an obstacle into a strategic business advantage. This chapter analyzes the evolving crowdfunding landscape through the lens of proactive law as competitive advantage. The chapter proposes several types of innovative securities designed to create competitive advantages in crowdfunding offerings. For example, one type would give crowdfunding investors long-term equity interests while simultaneously eliminating short-term corporate governance challenges for small crowdfunded companies. Apart from securities, the chapter also describes how a proactive approach to law can enhance crowdfunding campaigns in multiple areas, from intellectual property to tax efficiency. To conclude, the chapter suggests expanding the theory of proactive law as competitive advantage to additional areas of entrepreneurship, beyond crowdfunding.
Crowdfunding
Authors: Golic Zorica
Published: December 2015

Crowdfunding has proved for a very short time to be a powerful tool to stimulate innovative entrepreneurship. Only original and quality projects and ventures that are good enough will be recognized by crowdfunders and get a chance of this alternative option to be funded with the money that will arrive from different parts of the world without any restrictions. Someone once said that the world is a global village, and crowdfunding as an innovative way of financing confirms that such a statement in many ways is true. Only in the last five years, individuals and companies have had the opportunity to raise billions of euros, dollars or pounds through different modalities of crowdfunding. We dare say that crowdfunding is one of the most exciting phenomena of networked globalization of which, however, very little is known. Therefore, this paper will explain several steps of the crowdfounding mechanism, its evolution and dynamics, as well as indicate many advantages of using crowdfunding both in developed and even more in developing countries.
Crowdfunding and Slow Money
Authors: Aymeric Jung
Published: December 2015

Investment is always needed for new business or business development, and we are living with the emergence of new kinds of providers. Alongside banks, funds, or capital markets, efficient funding through people is doable on a larger scale than ever before, thanks in part to the Internet. Crowdfunding platforms and Slow Money are part of this bottom-up trend. In this chapter we compare crowdfunding and Slow Money and by analyzing how they attract people, we discuss their similarities and differences to respond to the research questions. The analysis might help identify potential synergies between the two non-conventional models, and heighten crowd-based solutions of fundraising. This article will identify their fundamentals. More importantly, we will investigate the spirit behind direct funding.
Do the Social Web 2.0 Media Foster Democratization?
Authors: Namazi Rasoul
Published: December 2015

This chapter studies the influence of the Internet and new Web 2.0 technologies on the process of democratization in authoritarian regimes. The objective is to show that the new information technologies are not necessarily helpful to dissident movements and have even some negative impacts on the process of democratization. The author questions the capacity of Internet to transmit political information discusses how the new technologies contribute to the depoliticization of societies by creating passive citizens in authoritarian regimes. This chapter also shows how authoritarian regimes use new information technologies as instruments of control and repression and questions the effectiveness of the new cyber-activism by explaining the structure of the Internet and discussing the capacity of the new technologies in creating political community.
Leachate Generation, Transport, and Control
Authors: Zahari Mohamed Shahrir Mohamed , Ismail Shahrul , Jaafar Izan
Published: December 2015

This chapter will discuss in detail on the primary aspect influencing leachate generation, transport and control within the landfill area. The leachate generation will look into the various factors that contribute toward increment and reduction of water balance in the landfill cell cause by the physical, chemical and biological activities. The topic will include discuss on common methods and models for estimating water input and transformation into/inside the landfill layer. Meanwhile, leachate transport part would emphasis on the leachate movement and mobility due to the effect of waste percolation, moisture field capacity and the gravity pull. Dominant flow type and the effect upon solute transport as well as other landfill components would be emphasize within the discussion. Lastly, this chapter will elaborate on the conventional and advanced techniques that being utilized for the control of the leachate for further treatment system or as beneficial advantages in the landfill management system.
Occurrence and Treatment of Micropollutants in Landfill Leachate
Authors: Umar Muhammad
Published: December 2015

Micropollutants have emerged as a new challenge to the scientific community over the past decade. This chapter discusses the occurrence of various micropollutants in landfill leachate. Phthalic acid esters (PAEs) are one of the most investigated compounds in landfill leachate and are therefore given special focus in this chapter. The potential treatment options for these micropollutants are discussed with relevance to the estrogenicity potential of micropollutants. The potential of leaching of micropollutants from landfill sites is discussed to emphasize on the requirements of appropriate liners to avoid such exposure to the surrounding environment. Biological treatment in particular membrane bioreactors have been successfully used to remove some of the micropollutants. Advanced oxidation processes such Fenton and photo-Fenton have limited application reported in literature whereas other physic-chemical processes such as coagulation and adsorption have been demonstrated to be effective in the removal of micropollutants.
Tweeting for Donors
Authors: Hersey Leigh Nanney
Published: December 2015

Universities and colleges are embracing social media as a tool to spread the message about their institutions. Common uses include recruiting new students, connecting with current students, and staying connected with alumni. Nonprofit organizations in the United States also consider social media an important part of their fundraising toolbox, but use it more for recruiting volunteers, advocacy, and fundraising. Colleges and universities are also seeing the need to use social media for development purposes, whether they are private or state-supported institutions. This chapter explores how universities are using Twitter to promote year-end giving. Findings from this research suggest that while some universities seem to effectively use social media, others are inconsistent and even dormant in their messaging.
Senior Leaders as Effective Fundraisers
Authors: Clevenger Morgan R.
Published: December 2015

Funding in higher education continues to be volatile and complex, so senior leaders must focus on fundraising among a host of other key roles (Bornstein, 2003, 2011; Cheng, 2011; Clevenger, 2014; Cohen, 2010; Drezner & Huels, 2014; Essex & Ansbach, 1993; Gould, 2003; Hodson, 2010; Kaufman, 2004; Rhodes, 2001; Tromble, 1998). The goal is creating win-win relationships with a donor and the institution (Bornstein, 2003, 2011; Bruch & Walter, 2005; Carroll & Buchholtz, 2015; Clevenger; Eddy, 2010; Levy, 1999; Prince & File, 2001; Siegel, 2012). There is “a new ecology—a context deeply different from that in which many of today's institutions, assumptions, and habits were formed” (Fulton & Blau, 2005, p. 4). Senior leaders must have a toolbox filled with expertise to be effective fundraisers.
The Role of Philanthropy on the Strategic Planning Process of a Selective Liberal Arts and Science College
Authors: Webster Wayne P. , Jakeman Rick C. , Swayze Susan
Published: December 2015

This chapter describes how constituencies of a four-year, private liberal arts and science college perceived the effect of philanthropy on the strategic planning process. Due to their reliance upon tuition revenues and private support, liberal arts and science colleges are particularly susceptible to ebbs and flows in the economy. How these institutions plan for the future and the extent to which philanthropy factors into strategic plans provides crucial information about the future of these higher education institutions (Connell, 2006). Gaining a deep understanding of how philanthropy shapes a strategic planning process and the decision-making model that was used during the process provides insight into how philanthropy, strategic planning, and decision-making models intersect to form a new decision-making model, described as feedback and revenue.
Alumni Giving and Social Exchange
Authors: Dodge Lauren E. B.
Published: December 2015

Fundraising efforts at institutions of higher education continue to be a top priority, especially as funding from state governments decline. Public institutions have been looking to private institutions, as they are believed to have been leading the way in cultivating alumni donations since their inception. Higher education institutions must understand what determines the greatest alumni giving if the field is to improve their fundraising efforts, and student and alumni engagement is a key indicator of philanthropic gifts. A survey was administered to gather important insight into the giving behavior of alumni of an engineering department at a large research university located in the Midwestern area of the United States. The purpose of this survey is to understand the correlation between alumni giving and engagement while a student and as alumni.
Pedagogical Approaches to Media Literacy Education in the United States
Authors: Kim Jackie HeeYoung
Published: December 2015

The purpose of this chapter is to glimpse the current status and pedagogical approaches of the media literacy education in the Unites States. This chapter was intended to provide the foundational and delineated information about the media literacy education so that it can be a helpful reference to understanding and developing media literacy in K-12 educators' curricular. This chapter starts with discussion about the growth of media literacy in the contexts of American education such as how it is included in state curriculum frameworks as well as research. Then this chapter moves to introduce the types of pedagogical approaches of media literacy generally implemented in K-12 environments. The pedagogical approaches were categorized by the tenets of “Core Principles of Media Literacy in the United States” outlined by National Association of Media Literacy Education (NAMLE) (2007). Finally, this chapter discusses five core concepts of media literacy and the list of guidelines that are requisites for the development of the media literacy education materials based on the foundational concepts.
Educating English Language Learners for Success in the 21st Century
Authors: Chen Jennifer J.
Published: December 2015

The purpose of this chapter is threefold: (a) to highlight the importance of teaching and learning multiliteracies for today's students to succeed in the 21st century, (b) to discuss the literature about multiliteracies and new technologies for teaching and student learning, and (c) to provide strategies for integrating technology effectively in teaching multiliteracies to English language learners (ELLs), the fastest growing segment of public student population in the USA. In this digital age, it is imperative that today's students acquire multiliteracies needed to succeed in school, in life, and in the global economy. Situated within this context, the chapter seeks to address this central inquiry: How can teachers of ELLs infuse technology effectively to facilitate these students' acquisition of multiliteracies? As educators continue to seek new and better approaches to optimizing ELLs' educational success, this chapter represents a contribution to this quest.
Developing English Language Teachers' Professional Capacities through Digital and Media Literacies
Authors: Moreira dos Anjos-Santos Lucas , El Kadri Michele Salles , Gamero Raquel , Gimenez Telma
Published: December 2015

This chapter aims to demonstrate how a group of educators from a southern Brazilian state university designed and implemented formative workshops to sustain English language teachers' professional development through digital and media literacies. The chapter maps important changes that have happened in language teacher education in Brazil and the convergences these changes share with digital and media literacies coming from a sociocultural paradigm. It also presents and discusses the extent to which the instructional material the group of educators produced for the continuing education of English language teachers integrated 21st century skills and the standards from the TESOL technology framework. As a way to evaluate the instructional material, the chapter analyzes the representations and identities schoolteachers constructed when engaging with digital and media literacies through the instructional material. The chapter concludes by advocating more social, political and collaborative future research in language teacher education and digital and media literacies.
Developing Digital Empathy
Authors: Friesem Yonty
Published: December 2015

In the Digital Age, when technology offers many solutions and distractions at the same time, we should use media literacy research to address these advantages and challenges through a holistic approach. This chapter introduces digital empathy as a holistic framework combining empathic design and empathic listening to bridge the traditional protectionist and empowerment approaches in media literacy research. Digital Empathy is a mixed methods approach that has been developed through a longitudinal study. It is an inclusive model that addresses the participants and the researcher's cognitive, emotional, and social skills through empathic design and empathic listening. Using a longitudinal case study of a month-long media literacy summer class with underprivileged high school students, the chapter describes digital empathy, not only as a pedagogical approach, but also as a holistic research method that will advance media literacy scholarship.
Creating Global Classrooms Using Universal Design for Learning
Authors: Brown Victoria
Published: December 2015

Media and digital content has become an integral part of our lives. Digital content has expanded the opportunities for accessing information for individuals with special needs and classrooms with culturally diverse students. Because the digital content is taught through multiple modes, it provides access to information previously available only through print formats. By incorporating universal design into the classroom, the students are using media and digital literacy skills, preparing them for the global world in which they live. In this chapter, a description of universal design will be provided, how to use the digital and media content to create a classroom that honors diversity, and how to use universal design for teaching different languages. The concepts of universal design and the global classroom are pulled together through project or problem-based learning. Finally, a glimpse into the future classroom technology is provided.
Using Media Literacy to Teach and Learn the English Language Arts/Literacy
Authors: McNeal Kelly
Published: December 2015

Forty-three states out of fifty states in the United States of America have adopted the Common Core State Standards in English language arts/literacy as a means of setting attainment levels of what students should know at different benchmarks during their schooling. The Common Core State Standards will be viewed through the lens of how they can be taught and learned by utilizing digital literacy media. This chapter will discuss how the goals of digital media literacy are aligned with the Common Core State Standards, how resources can be used to teach teachers and school district personnel about the Common Core State Standards, and finally how digital media can aid in helping students learn the standards and can aid in helping community members learn and then teach these standards. This chapter will conclude with questions and controversies about the Common Core State Standards and how media literacy education can alleviate many of the fears and challenges associated with the growing debate on this topic.
Mobile Phone Use during Class at a Japanese Women's College
Authors: Kato Yuuki , Kato Shogo
Published: December 2015

A questionnaire survey was conducted with university students from a women's university in Japan on the use of mobile phones during a lecture. Topics specifically investigated included (1) whether students put their mobile phone on their desk during the lecture, (2) the reasons why students put their phone on their desk during the lecture, (3) responses to incoming calls during the lecture, and (4) the psychological impact on students of setting rules regarding the use of mobile phones during the lecture. Students were divided into two groups according to their responses to item (1): those who said they put their phone on their desk and those who said they did not do so. These groups were compared in terms of items (3) and (4). As a result, it was found that over 60% of students put their mobile phone on their desk during the lecture and that these students were more likely to use their mobile phone during the lecture. The survey suggested that students today are aware of mobile phone etiquette with respect to lectures, and are especially aware that communication etiquette conflicts with lecture etiquette.
Methods and Strategies in Using Digital Literacy in Media and the Arts
Authors: Weisberg David J.
Published: December 2015

The marriage of media and the arts has been a long and fruitful one, and the advent of digital resources has changed the face of these disciplines immeasurably. Digital literacy has gone from a virtually non-existent entity to an incredibly useful, and sometimes absolutely essential, skill set. In various settings, it has changed the way artists both inside and outside the digital realm work, collaborate, teach and train educators.
Operational Efficacy of 3PL in Reverse Logistics and Closed Loop Supply Chain
Authors: Sharma Manu , Kumar Jitendra
Published: December 2015

The paper presents an empirical research aims to establish service quality relationship between focal firm and 3PL operations and their performance in a reverse logistic and closed loop supply chain particularly in emerging economies like India and China. Seven Constructs has been formulated viz. Outsourcing contract between focal firm – 3PL; Supply Chain Integration; 3PL operational assessment; Service Quality; Return shipping; Lead-time; Reverse logistics cost. Five hypotheses were tested using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). The results shows the efficacy of reverse logistics determine the customer satisfaction, whereas the degree of supply chain integration between focal firm and 3PL. The research gives broad insight on the 3PL functionality in reverse logistics especially for consumer centric emerging market places.
Mapping Sustainable Tourism into Emergency Management Structure to Enhance Humanitarian Networks and Disaster Risk Reduction using Public-Private Partnerships (PPP) Initiatives in Himalayan States
Authors: Panwar Naveeta , Uniyal Dikshit , Rautela Krishna Singh
Published: December 2015

The overall aim of the paper is to analyze supply chain performance in humanitarian context, in aligning with PPP interventions for Himalayan States. A preliminary Framework for Performance evaluation of private and public actors, with seven constructs has been formulated viz. Mutual Coordination; Risk Management; Organizational Structure; Humanitarian Operational Assessment; Service Quality; Operation Flexibility; Humanitarian Logistics cost has developed for Humanitarian operations in Himalayan region. Five Hypotheses were tested using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). The results show that PPP efficacy in humanitarian logistics enhances the sustainability of local economy. Implementation of Public Private Partnership (PPP) as a new strategy in managing disaster, the study suggest that they should complement each other with certain characteristics such as: (1) Mutual Coordination; (2) Shared Risk and Profits/ Benefits; and (3). Organizational Arrangement and it should also support the sustainability of Tourism industry.