bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
NBO-Analysis of Peri-dihydroxy-9,10-anthraquinones and their Deprotonated Forms
Authors: Sereda Grigoriy A.
Published: December 2009

The natural bonding orbitals (NBO) approach is employed to gain a deeper insight into the nature of intramolecular interactions in a series of peri-hydroxyderivatives of 9,10-anthraquinones and their deprotonated forms. The intuitive predictions of relative energies of these species and the strength of hydrogen bonding were confirmed by the NBO analysis, whereas intuitive evaluation of the role of steric effects in the stability of deprotonated hydroxyanthraquinones seemed to be exaggerated.
Kinetics and Mechanism of Oxidation of Diethylene Glycol by Dihydroxyditellutoargentate (III) in Alkaline Medium
Authors: Shan Jin-Huan , Huo Shu-Ying , Fei-Wang  , Shen Shi-Gang , Sun Han-Wen
Published: December 2009

The kinetics of oxidation of diethylene glycol (DG) by dihydroxyditelluratoargentate(III) (DDA) is studied spectrophotometrically between 298.2K and 313.2K in alkaline medium. A mechanism involving a one–step two–electron transfer has been proposed The activation parameters and the rate constants of the rate-determining step are calculated.
Catalytic Hydrolysis of PNPP by Cobalt (II) and Manganese (III) Complexes with (15-Crown-5) Salicylidenephenylimine
Authors: Li Jian-zhang , Li Shen-xin , Xie Jia-qing , Zeng Wei , Zhou Bo , Qin Sheng-ying
Published: December 2009

Cobalt (II) and manganese (III) complexes with crowned salicylaldimine mono-Schiff base ligand have been employed as models to mimic hydrolase in catalytic hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl picolinate(PNPP). The kinetics and the mechanism of PNPP hydrolysis have been investigated. The kinetic mathematical model of PNPP cleavage catalysed by these complexes has been proposed.
A Convenient Route to Dendritic Binaphthyl-Containing Chiral Crown Ethers
Authors: Tang Dai-Hua , Chen Xiao-Min , Fan Qing-Hua
Published: December 2009

Novel dendritic binaphthyl-containing chiral crown ethers have been synthesised in four steps from ( R) 2,2′-dihydroxy-1,1′-binaphthyl-3,3′-dicarboxylic acid with satisfactory yield.
The Conformation of Some Disubstituted Anilides
Authors: Hanson James R. , Hitchcock Peter B. , Rodriguez-Medina Inma C.
Published: December 2009

The influence of substituents on the out of plane rotation of the acylamino group of anilides relative to the aromatic ring has been examined by X-ray crystallography
Molecular Structure and Optical Nonlinearity of 1,8-Bis(Ferrocenyl)-3-t-Butyl-Oct-3-Ene-1,5,7-Triyne
Authors: Miao Shaobin , Zhang Qian-Feng , Leung Wa-Hung
Published: December 2009

Interaction of 1,8-bis(ferrocenyl)-octatetrayne 1 with one equiv. of t-butyl lithium followed by treatment with water gave 1,8-bis(ferrocenyl)-3- t-butyl-oct-3-ene-1,5,7-triyne 2. The solid-state structure of 2, containing a bent carbon chain between two ferrocenes, has been determined. The nonlinear optical properties of 2 were also investigated.
The Electrophilic Substitution of Some 2,4- and 2,6- Dihaloacetanilides
Authors: Hanson James R. , Saberi Hamid
Published: December 2009

The orientation of electrophilic substitution of some 2,4- and 2,6-dihaloacetanilides has been examined by NMR methods. Mixed acid nitration of 2,6-dichloro and 2-chloro-6-methylacetanilides gave predominantly the 3-nitro derivatives.
A General Approach for the Microwave-Assisted Regeneration of Carbonyl Compounds from Their Nitrogenous Derivatives
Authors: Das Nalin B. , Nayak Amalendu , Nanda Bhagabat
Published: December 2009

A variety of nitrogenous derivatives of carbonyl compounds are rapidly converted into the corresponding carbonyl compounds in good yields using stannous chloride – silica gel under microwave irradiation
Synthetic approaches towards 5H-[1]benzopyrano[3,4-c]pyridin-5-ones
Authors: Girgis Adel S. , Hosni Hanaa M. , Kalmouch Atef
Published: December 2009

The construction of 5H-[1]benzopyrano[3,4-c]pyridin-5-ones 2 was achieved through the reaction of 1-aryl-3-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-2-propen-1-ones 1 with malononitrile in alcoholic KOH solution affording the compound 2 along with 2-alkoxy-4-amino-6-aryl-3,5-pyridinedicarbonitriles 3. Single crystal X-ray diffraction of 3e confirmed the established structure and excluded the formation of the isomeric product 4.
Microwave-assisted synthesis of 1,4-disubstituted thiosemicarbazides and semicarbazides under solvent-free conditions in the absence of catalyst
Authors: Wang Xi-Cun , Quan Zheng-Jun , Li Zheng
Published: December 2009

Thirty-two 1-aroyl/aryloxyacetyl-4-(2-furoyl)thiosemicarbazides and corresponding semicarbazides were synthesised in excellent yields under microwave irradiation and solvent-free conditions without using any catalyst.
Aquation of α-cis-[CoCl2(edda)]- and of β-cis-[CoCl2(trien)]+ in cationic and anionic reverse micelles
Authors: Fusek Frederik , Grančičová Ol'ga , Lath Dieter
Published: December 2009

The aquation of α-cis-[CoCl2(edda)]- and of β-cis-[CoCl2(trien)]+ has been studied in reverse micelles of water/AOT/n-heptane and water/CTAB/n-heptane+CHCl3 for various concentrations of water and AOT at 298.1 K. The reaction rate depends on the molar ratio W as well as on the concentration of AOT. These results demonstrate the important effect of micelle size as well as of structure and state of confined water in the aquation rate.
Use of lactamide diastereoisomers to permit resolution of a racemic modulator of cancer drug resistance
Authors: Ros Francisco , Gallego Pilar , Power David , Sanz Jesús , Jiménez Isabel
Published: December 2009

The synthesis of enantiomers of an amidic modulator of cancer multidrug resistance, the chirality of which is not prone to chromatography, has been carried out via formation of the diastereoisomeric esters of the precursor racemic acid with (S)-lactamide and separation of the esters on silica gel.
Studies with Condensed Thiophenes: Reactivity of Condensed Aminothiophenes toward Carbon and Nitrogen Electrophiles
Authors: Al-Saleh Balkis , Abdelkhalik Mervat M. , El-Apasery Morsy A. , Elnagdi Mohamed H.
Published: December 2009

The condensed aminothiophenes 5–7a,b react with 1,4-naphthoquinone in refluxing ethanol to yield products of addition followed by hydrogen sulfide elimination in a Diels–Alder type reaction. When the reaction is carried out under microwave irradiation a dipolar addition occurred affording products of substitution at C-l. Compounds 5–7a,b coupled with aromatic diazonium salts to yield arylazo derivatives 15 and 16 where coupling occurred at C-1. The condensed aminothiophenes 5–7a,b reacted with dimethylformamide dimethylacetal to yield amidines 17–19.
A practical synthesis of chiral 3-aryloxy-1,2-propanediols
Authors: Karakaplan Mehmet , Turgut Yılmaz , Hoşgören Halil
Published: December 2009

Chiral 3-aryloxy-1,2-propanediols (1–5) of >96 % ee were obtained in high yield by the nucleophilic addition of substituted phenols to chiral glycidol in the presence of piperidine hydrochloride as catalyst.
Ytterbium (III) trifluoromethanesulfonate catalysed Friedel–Crafts acylation of 1-methylpyrrole in ionic liquid
Authors: Su Weike , Wu Chunlei , Su Hao
Published: December 2009

In the presence of a catalytic amount of ytterbium (III) trifluoromethanesulfonate [Yb(OTf)3], 1-methylpyrrole can easily react with acyl chlorides in an ionic liquid [bpy][BF4](bpy=1-butylpyridine) to form corresponding ketones in satisfactory yield. The recyclability of the ionic liquid/catalyst system is demonstrated
Montmorillonite K-10 mediated Erlenmeyer synthesis of 4-arylmethylene-2-phenyl-5(4H)-oxazolones
Authors: Karade N.N. , Shirodkar S.G. , Dhoot B.M. , Waghmare P.B.
Published: December 2009

Aromatic aldehydes and hippuric acid in acetic anhydride undergoes classical Erlenmeyer synthesis in the presence of a catalytic amount of Montmorillonite K-10 to afford the corresponding azlactones in excellent yields with high selectivity. The azlactone formation does not proceed in the absence of either acetic anhydride or Montmorillonite.
Quinolinium Fluorochromate: An Efficient and Selective Reagent for the Deprotection of Semicarbazones under Non-Aqueous Conditions
Authors: Tajbakhsh Mahmoud , Alimohammadi Kamal , Behmadi Hossein , Barghamadi Mohammad
Published: December 2009

A variety of semicarbazones are transformed to their carbonyl compounds with quinolinium fluorochromate (QFC) in high yields under mild and non-aqueous conditions. Selective deprotection of semicarbazones and oximes in the presence of p-nitrophenylhydrazones or 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazones is noteworthy advantage of this reagent.
Synthesis of 3-benzylxanthine and Lumazine Analogues
Authors: Ashry El Sayed H. El , Youssif Shaker , Ahwany Maged El , Sanan Mohamed El
Published: December 2009

Several xanthines (7–13) are prepared by the cyclisation of 1-benzyl-5,6-diaminouracil with single-carbon inserting agents such as aromatic aldehydes, formamides, acetic anhydride, carbon disulfide, and nitrous acid. Treatment of 6-amino-1-benzyl-5-nitrosouracil with anilinobenzylidene derivatives (14–18) affords 7-hydroxyxanthines (19–23). Cyclisation of the diaminouracil 3 with glyoxal, benzil, and diethyl oxalate leads to lumazines (25–28).
Synthesis and X-ray Crystal Studies of 6-(2-chlorophenyl)-3-methyl[1,2,4] triazolo[4,5-b][1,3,4]thiadiazole
Authors: Nanjunda-Swamy Shivananju , Basappa  , Sarala Gangadharaiah , Prabhuswamy Basappa , Anandalwar Sridhar M. , idhara-Prasad Javaregowda Shash , Rangappa Kanchugarakoppal S.
Published: December 2009

The compound 6-(2-chlorophenyl)-3-methyl[1,2,4]triazolo[4,5-b][1,3,4]thiadiazole, was synthesised using different reagents and conditions, characterised by spectroscopic techniques and finally confirmed by X-ray crystal structure analysis. The title compound crystallises in monoclinic class under the space group P21/c with cell parameters, a=10.6710 (6)Å, b=7.3660 (4)Å, c=14.3900 (8)Å, β=110.403 (3)°, Z=2 and R1= 0.0396 for 2715 reflections [I>2ΣI]. The structure exhibits inter-molecular hydrogen bonding.
A Synthetic Route to N-methylpyrrole Containing Polyamide/Peptide Conjugate
Authors: Ye Yong , Niu Ming-Yu , Yin Qiang , Cao Li-feng , Zhao Yu-Fen
Published: December 2009

A N-methylpyrrole containing polyamide/peptide conjugates which are synthetic analogues of natural products with DNA affinity was synthesised. It can efficiently hydrolyse PUC19 plasmid DNA. The structure of these compound was confirmed by 1H NMR, MS and IR.
The Stereochemistry of Epoxidation of 5β-methyl-19-norsteroidal 9,10-alkenes
Authors: Uyanik Cavit , Malay Aslihan , Hanson James R. , Hitchcock Peter B. , Yildirim Kudret
Published: December 2009

Crystallographic studies have shown that the oxidation of 3β,6β-dihydroxy-5β-methyl-19-norsteroidal 9(10)-alkenes with chromium trioxide leads to 9α,10α-epoxides as minor products.
Tl(NO3)3. 3H2O: A Convenient Oxidising Agent for aromatisation of Hantzsch 1,4-dihydropyridines
Authors: Momeni Ahmad Reza , Massah Ahmad Reza , Naghash Hamid Javaherian , Aliyan Hamid , Solati Shirin , Sameh Tayebeh
Published: December 2009

An efficient oxidative aromatisation of Hantzsch 1,4-dihydropyridines to the corresponding pyridines by using Tl(NO3)3. 3H2O at ambient temperature is reported. The reactions were fast and the products were isolated in high yields.
Mild and Eco-friendly oXidative Cleavage of 1,3-dithianes and 1,3-dithiolanes with a Catalytic Amount of Hydrobromic Acid and Hydrogen Peroxide: Synergetic Effect of Bromonium Ion Equivalent and Hydrogen Peroxide
Authors: Ganguly Nemai C. , Datta Mrityunjoy
Published: December 2009

A combination of a catalytic amount hydrobromic acid (10 mol%) and an excess of hydrogen peroxide is found to be an effective reagent for expeditious regeneration of carbonyl compounds from their 1,3-dithiane as well as 1,3–dithiolane derivatives. Absence of nuclear bromination of aromatic substrates and overoxidation of regenerated oxidation–prone aromatic aldehydes, compatibility with a number of functional groups, such as amino, hydroxy, acetoxy, methylenedioxy and useful phenol-protecting allyl, benzyl and TBDMS ethers, benzoate esters and amino-protecting Cbz carbamate and N-benzylamine (NHBn) moieties are the advantageous features of this protocol.
Surface-mediated Solid Phase Reactions: A Simple, Efficient and Base-free Synthesis of Phosphonates and Phosphates on Al2O3
Authors: Acharya Jyotiranjan , Shakya Purushottam D. , Pardasani Deepak , Palit Meehir , Dubey Devendra K. , Gupta Arvind K.
Published: December 2009

Al2O3-supported solvent free condensation of alkylphosphonic dichlorides with alcohols at room temperature yielded phosphorus esters in excellent yields.
Thiomethoxymethylation of 5-Aryloxytetrazoles via Modified Swern Reagents
Authors: Dabbagh Hossein A. , Bagheri Ali
Published: December 2009

The modified Swern oxidation of 5-aryloxytetrazole (Ar- = 4-NO2-C6H4-, C6H5-, 2,6-dimethoxy-C6H3-) rings is described using combination of dimethyl sulfoxide with dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC), oxalyl chloride or trifluoroacetic anhydride. The product observed at 1- and/or 2-position of tetrazole rings and yield depends on the substrate, electronic effect of aryloxy group and reaction conditions. It was possible to introduce a thiomethoxymethyl group at 1 and 2-position of tetrazole via rearrangement of Swern intermediate.
Synthesis of Allylic Sulfides via Cleavage of S–S Bonds Promoted by Zinc Metal in DMF
Authors: Du Jingxing , Zheng Renwei , Li Xinsheng
Published: December 2009

Cleavage of S–S bonds was achieved without any activation or catalysis, with a Zn/DMF system and subsequent treatment with allylic bromide afforded allylic sulfides in good to excellent yields.
Rapid Debromination of Vic-dibromoalkanes with Zinc Powder in Acetic Acid under Microwave Irradiation
Authors: Kuang Chunxiang , Yang Qing , Senboku Hisanori , Tokuda Masao
Published: December 2009

Microwave irradiation of vic-dibromoalkanes in acetic acid containing zinc powder for 1–2 min gave the corresponding alkenes in high yields.
Synthesis of Some Substituted Adamantane-2,4-diones from 4, 4-disubstituted Cyclohexanone Enamines and Methacryloyl Chloride
Authors: Ahmed M. Giasuddin , Ahmed Syeda Asghari , Akhter Kawsari , Moeiz Syed M. Iqbal , Tsuda Yoshisuke , Kiuchi Fumiyuki , Hossain M. Mahmun , Forsterling F. Holger
Published: December 2009

The reaction of methacryloyl chloride with the morpholine enamine 4a derived from 4-acetyl-4-isopropenylcyclo-hexanone 3a gave 4,6-anti-6-hydroxy-5,6-dimethyl-7-isopropenyladamantane-2,4-dione 6a and 4,6-syn-6-hydroxy-5,6-dimethyl-7-isopropenyladamantane-2, 4-dione 7a as racemates epimeric at 6-C. Comparable results were found for the corresponding phenyl and benzyl substituted cyclohexanones 3b and 3c. In the case of the methyl-substituted cyclohexanone 3d 4,6- anti-alcohol 7d was isolated in pure form.
Polymer-supported Dichlorophosphate: A Recoverable New Reagent for Synthesis of 2-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazoles
Authors: Li Zheng , Yu Jin-Lan , Yang Jing-Ya , Shi Sheng-Yi , Wang Xi-Cun
Published: December 2009

Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) supported dichlorophosphate was efficiently used as a recoverable new dehydration reagent for rapid synthesis of 2-amino-5-substituted-1,3,4-thiadiazoles under microwave irradiation and solvent-free condition by reactions of thiosemicarbazide with aliphatic acids, benzoic acid, aryloxyacetic acids or furan-2-carboxylic acids.
Ruthenate Ion Catalysed Oxidation of D-galactose and D-xylose by Alkaline Solution of Sodium Metaperiodate: A Kinetic Study
Authors: Singh Ashok Kumar , Chaurasia N. , Rahmani Shahla , Srivastava Jaya , Singh Ajaya Kumar
Published: December 2009

The kinetics of ruthenate ion (RuO42–)-catalysed oxidation of D-galactose (Gal) and D-xylose (Xyl) by alkaline species of periodate, H2IO63–, in an aqueous solution at constant ionic strength shows zero order dependence on reducing sugar and first order dependence on RuO42–. First-order dependence of the reaction on periodate and OH- at their low concentrations tends to zero order in their higher concentration range. A slight increase in the rate of reaction with increase in ionic strength of the medium has also been observed. Various activation parameters have been computed. Lyxonic acid and threonic acid, along with formic acid, were identified as the main oxidation products for Gal and Xyl, respectively. A general mechanism involving bidentate interaction of a species of IO4– with a reactive species of sugar has been proposed.
Silica Gel Supported Sodium Hydrogen Sulfate as an Efficient and Reusable Heterogeneous Catalyst for the Synthesis of Imines in Solvent-free Conditions under Microwave Irradiation
Authors: Gopalakrishnan Mannathusamy , Sureshkumar Purushothaman , Kanagarajan Vijayakumar , Thanusu Jeyaraman , Govindaraju Ramalingam
Published: December 2009

This synthesis of imines has been carried out efficiently by the condensation of carbonyl compounds with amines in the presence of silica gel supported sodium hydrogen sulfate (NaHSO4.SiO2) as a heterogeneous catalyst under microwave irradiation in solvent-free conditions. NaHSO4.SiO2 can be recovered and re-used up to ten times by simple washing with diethyl ether after each use and activated in an oven at 120 °C for 1 h, thus rendering the process more economical.
Synthesis and Spectral Studies of Iron(III), Ruthenium(III) and Rhodium(III) Complexes with New Tetraaza Macrocyclic Ligands
Authors: Swamy S.J. , Pratap B. Veera , Someshwar P. , Suresh K. , Nagaraju D.
Published: December 2009

Complexes of iron(III), ruthenium(III) and rhodium(III) with three new tetraaza macrocyclic ligands, oxo4bzo3[14]triene-N4 [TBTAC14Tone], oxo4bzo2[14]diene-N4 [DBTAC14Tone] and oxo4bzo2[15]diene-N4 [DBTAC15Tone] have been prepared and characterised. The complexes are found to have the formulae [FeLCl2]Cl. 2H2O, [RuLCl2]Cl. 3H2O and [RhLCl2]Cl. 2H2O. The cations adopt a trans-dichloro configuration with the six-coordinated trivalent metal ions in a pseudo-octahedral geometry.
Synthesis and Crystal Structure of (3S)-3-(1H-benzotriazol-1-yl)- and (3S)-3-benzenesulfonyl-2-[(2S)-2-(methoxymethyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl]-2,3-dihydro-1H-isoindol-1-ones
Authors: Deniau Eric , Couture Axel , Grandclaudon Pierre , Nowogrocki Guy
Published: December 2009

Virtually diastereochemically pure 3-heterosubstituted isoindolinones have been obtained by nucleophilic addition on an N-acylhydrazonium salt generated by acidic treatment of the corresponding 3-hydroxy derivatives bearing a SMP type auxiliary and their structure has been assessed by single crystal X-ray analysis.
The Hydrolysis of 3,10-epoxypatchenol under Mild Aqueous Conditions
Authors: Arantes Simone Fontes , Hanson James R. , Hitchcock Peter B.
Published: December 2009

The mild aqueous hydrolysis of 3,10-epoxypatchenol [2β,3′-epoxy-2(2′2′-dimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]hept-3′-ylidene)ethanol] gave products derived from hydration of the isobornyl-camphenilylhydro cation.
The conformation of some ortho substituted stilbenes
Authors: Hanson James R. , Hitchcock Peter B. , Jones Alexander B.
Published: December 2009

The synthesis of some 2-cyano-4-nitrostilbenes is described and the influence of an ortho-cyano and a ortho-nitro group on the conformation of 2-cyano-4-nitro-, 2,4-dinitro-, 2,6-dinitro- and 2,4,6-trinitro-4′-methoxystilbene have been examined by X-ray crystallography.
HNO3/Silica Gel supported CAN; Oxidative Deprotection of Benzylic Tetrahydropyranyl Ethers under Solvent-free Conditions using Microwaves
Authors: Heravi Majid M. , Kazemian Pegah , Oskooie Hossein A. , Ghassemzadeh Mitra
Published: December 2009

Benzylic tetrahydropyranyl ethers are rapidly and selectively oxidised to the corresponding carbonyl compounds by HNO3/ silica gel supported cerium ammonium nitrate (CAN) under solvent free conditions using microwave.
Kinetics and mechanism of the oxidation of alkenes by chromium(VI) in the presence of complexing agents
Authors: Meenakshisundaram Subbiah , Gopalakrishnan M. , Nagarajan S. , Sarathi N. , Sumathi P.
Published: December 2009

The catalytic activities of 2,2′-bipyridyl (bipy) and oxalic acid (Oxa) in the HCrO4– oxidation of some substituted trans-cinnamic acids have been investigated in acidic solutions. The Cr(VI)–bipy and Cr(VI)–Oxa complexes are believed to be the probable reactive electrophiles in this redox process. The kinetic data reveal that electron-releasing groups enhance the reactivity to a significant extent while the electron-withdrawing ones reduce the rate marginally. It appears that the mechanism of bipy/Oxa catalysed chromium(VI) oxidation of unsaturated systems to the corresponding cleavage products involves an electrophilic attack of the reactive complex at the C–C double bond. The formation of a ternary complex as an intermediate is envisaged to describe the redox process. In this paper, we also report on the kinetic form of the oxidation of trans-stilbene to methyl 3-hydroxy-2,3-diphenylpropanoate. The mechanistic pathway has been determined based on the kinetic behaviour and the product assignment.
Polymer-Supported Formate and Magnesium: An Efficient Transfer Hydrogenation System for the Facile Reduction of Azo Compounds
Authors: Srinivasa G. R. , Abiraj K. , Gowda D. Channe
Published: December 2009

A mild and efficient method was developed for the chemo-selective reduction of azo compounds to the corresponding amine/s using recyclable polymer-supported formate as hydrogen donor in the presence of low cost magnesium powder at room temperature.
Synthesis of 1,3-diaryl-3-aminopropynes via the Dethiolation of Thioamides Promoted by the Samarium/Samarium Diiodide Mixed Reagent
Authors: Zhu Weimin , Qian Weixing , Zhang Yongmin
Published: December 2009

Promoted by the samarium/samarium diiodide mixed reagent, the C–H insertion of phenyl acetylene via the dethiolation of N,N-disubstituted aromatic thioamides was successfully performed to afford 1,3-diaryl-3-aminopropynes in good yields.
Synthesis of Novel 1,3-thiazole-, 1,2,4-triazole- thione and Triazepine Derivatives
Authors: Basyouni Wahid Mohamed , El-Bayouki Khairy Abdel-Hamid Mohsen
Published: December 2009

Reaction of the cyanoacetic hydrazide derivatives 1a–e with isothiocyanates gave the hydrazinocarboxamide and thioamide derivatives 2a–g and 1,2,4-triazole-3-thiones 3. Upon reacting 1b–d with ethyl bromoacetate followed by isothiocyanates; the 1,3-thiazole-5-carbohydrazides 5 were afforded. Cyclisation of products 1b–e with triethylorthoformate furnished the unexpected ethyl cyanoacetylhydrazonoformate 6; rather than the expected triazolethiones of type 7. A mechanism for the formation of product 6 was suggested and discussed. Upon heating product 6 with some arylamines in acetonitrile, the 5-aminotriazepin-7-ones 9 were afforded.
Aziridination of Methyl Long-chain Alkenoates Using Chloramine-T
Authors: Rauf Abdul , Ahmad Shabana
Published: December 2009

Methyl long-chain alkenoates on treatment with chloramine-T [N-chloro-N-sodio-p-toluenesulfonamide] resulted in the formation of the corresponding aziridines in moderate yields. The N-substituted aziridine derivatives based on methyl undec-10-enoate (1), methyl (Z)-octadec-9-enoate (3) and methyl (9Z,12R)-12-hydroxyoctadec-9-enoate (5) have been synthesised under mild reaction conditions. The products were characterised using micro-analytical and spectral data.
Pinacol Coupling of Aromatic Aldehydes and Ketones by TiCl4–Mg–THF Under Ultrasound Irradiation
Authors: Li Ji-Tai , Chen Yan-Xue , Li Tong-Shuang
Published: December 2009

Pinacol coupling of aromatic aldehydes and ketones by TiCl4–Mg–THF under ultrasound irradiation can lead to the corresponding pinacols in 20∼89% yields.
Reaction between Alkyl or Aryl Isocyanides and Dialkyl Acetylenedicarboxylates in the Presence of N,N′-dimethylbarbituric Acid: Synthesis of 4H-pyrano[2,3-d]pyrimidines
Authors: Maghsoodlou Malek Taher , Hazeri Norollah , Navvabian Hossein , Razmjoo Zahra , Marandi Ghasem
Published: December 2009

The highly reactive 1:1 adduct produced in the reaction between alkyl or aryl isocyanides and dialkyl acetylenedicarboxylates is trapped by N,N′-dimethylbarbituric acid to yield 4H-pyrano[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives.
Bromination of Isomeric 7,8-dibromobenzobicyclo[2.2.2]octa-2,5-dienes: Neighbouring Group Effect on Bromination
Authors: Daştan Arif
Published: December 2009

The bromination reactions of isomeric 7,8-dibromobenzobicyclo[2.2.2]octa-2,5-dienes were studied and the possible role of neighbouring groups in rearrangements was investigated. Bromination of endo-cis dibromide 9 gives only the rearranged product 14 while the reaction of the exo-cis-dibromide 11 under the same conditions gives only non-rearranged products 15, 16 and 19. The possible role of substituents in the rearrangements was discussed.
A One-pot Preparation of Isothiocyanates from Amines Using Two Phosgene Substitutes: Bis-(trichloromethyl) Carbonate and Trichloromethyl Chloroformates
Authors: Bian Gaofeng , Shan Weiguang , Su Weike
Published: December 2009

A series of isothiocyanates have been prepared in high yields in a one-pot reaction from commercial amines and carbon disulfide under mild conditions using bis(trichloromethyl)carbonate (BTC) and trichloromethyl chloroformate (TCF) as reagents in the presence of base.
Microwave-assisted Synthesis of N-phenylanthranilic Acids in Water
Authors: Martín Ana , Pellón Rolando F. , Mesa Miriam , Docampo Maite L. , Gómez Victoria
Published: December 2009

N-Phenylanthranilic acid derivatives were synthesised using the Ullmann condensation of 2-chlorobenzoic acid with aniline derivatives under microwave irradiation in aqueous media. The method offers better yields in shorter reaction times compared to classical heating approaches using water as solvent.
Fluorine-containing Heterocycles: Part II Synthesis and Reactions of New Thieno[2,3-b]Pyridine Derivatives Bearing Trifluoromethyl Group
Authors: Abdel-Rahman Abdu E. , Bakhite Etify A. , Al-Taifi Elham A.
Published: December 2009

Ethyl [3-cyano-6-(2-thienyl)-4-trifluoromethylpyridin-2-ylthio]acetate (2) and ethyl 3-amino-6-(2-thienyl)-4-trifluoromethylthieno[2,3-b]pyridine-2-carboxylate (3) were prepared by reaction of 3-cyano-6-(2-thienyl)-4-trifluoromethylpyridine-2(1H)-thione (1) with ethyl chloroacetate. The reaction of both 2 and 3 with hydrazine hydrate under different conditions was studied. The main products were [3-cyano-6-(2-thienyl)-4-trifluoromethyl-2-pyridinylthio]acetohydrazide (4) and 3-amino-6-(2-thienyl)-4-trifluoromethylthieno[2,3-b]pyridine-2-carbohydrazide (5). The condensation of acethydrazide 4 with some aromatic or heterocyclic aldehydes yielded the corresponding hydrazones 6a–d which underwent intramolecular Thorpe–Ziegler cyclisation to give the N1-aryl or heteroaryl-methylene-3-amino-6-(2-thienyl)-4-trifluoromethylthieno[2,3-b]pyridine-2-carbohydrazides (7a–d). Treatment of 7a–d with triethyl orthoformate led to the formation of pyridothienopyrimidine derivatives 8a–d. Heating carbohydrazide 5 with acetic acid gave an unexpected product which was assigned as 3-amino-2-methyl-7-(2-thienyl)-9-trifluoromethylpyrido[3′,2′:4,5] thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine-4(3H)-one (12). Moreover, the reaction of 5 with other reagents such as acetic anhydride, formic acid, acetylacetone and/or triethyl orthoformate were carried out and their products were identified. Diazotisation of 5 produced the corresponding acyl azide 18 which underwent Curtius rearrangement to furnish the imidazolone derivative 20. Hydrolysis of the ester 3 gave the aminoacid 21 which in turn was converted into the oxazinone derivatives 22 and 23. Recyclisation of 22 and 23 into some pyrimidinone derivatives (12 and 24–26) was carried out.
Kinetics and Mechanism of 2,2′-bipyridine Catalysed Chromium(VI) Oxidation of Dimethyl Sulfoxide in the Presence and Absence of Surfactants†
Authors: Saha Bidyut , Islam Monirul , Das Asim K.
Published: December 2009

In the 2,2′-bipyridine (bipy) catalysed CrVI oxidation of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) to dimethyl sulfone, the CrVI–bipy complex formed at the pre - equilibrium step undergoes a nucleophilic attack by the S or O of DMSO to form a positively charged reactive intermediate. This intermediate experiences an oxygen transfer or a ligand coupling to give the products. The anionic surfactant (SDS) accelerates the process while the cationic surfactant (CPC) retards the reaction.
A Metal-free Catalytic Reduction of α,β-unsaturated Carbonyl Compounds with Phenyldimethylsilane
Authors: Mu Ruizhu , Liu Zhengang , Liu Zhongquan , Yang Li , Wu Longmin , Liu Zhong-Li
Published: December 2009

Selective reduction of α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds to the corresponding saturated ones by phenyldimethyl silane was promoted by a catalytic amount of I2O5 at ambient temperature in CH2Cl2.
Synthesis of 9α-chloro and Bromo-androstane Derivatives
Authors: Reyes Mayra , álvarez Yoanna M. , Fuente Ariadna , Ruiz José A. , Vélez-Castro Hermán
Published: December 2009

New steroids derivatives having a chlorine and a bromine atom at 9α-position were obtained from a key intermediate 5α-9(11), 16-pregnadien-3β-ol-20-one acetate. These steroids have potential anabolic/androgenic activity.
Solvent-free Photooxygenation of 5-methoxyoxazoles: Stereoselective Synthesis of α-amino-α-hydroxy Carboxylic Acid Derivatives
Authors: Bondock Samir , Latif Ehab Abdel , Lex Johann
Published: December 2009

A solvent-free photooxygenation of 5-methoxyoxazoles 1a–j embedded in porphrin-loaded polystyrene beads as solid support is described and applied for the synthesis of 3H-1,2,4-dioxazole derivatives 2a–j. Acid catalysed hydrolysis of 3H-1,2,4-dioxazole derivatives gave α-amino-α-hydroxy carboxylic acid derivatives 3a–j. The structural elucidation of the new compounds were carried on the basis of spectral and X-ray analyses.
Aminomethylene Ketones and Enamines in Heterocyclic Synthesis: Synthesis of Functionally Substituted Pyridine, Pyrazole, Fused Pyrimidine and Fused [1,5]Diazocine Derivatives
Authors: Hassanien Abu Zeid A. , Mohamed Mona H. , Gohzlan Said A.S
Published: December 2009

Methyl 2-benzoyl-3-dimethylaminopropenoate (2) and 2-(benzimidazo-2-yl)-3-dimethylaminoacrylonitrile (27) were condensed with various type of reagents under different conditions to afford new acyclic, cyclic and fused heterocyclic derivatives.
A Rapid and Efficient Procedure for Deprotection of 1,1-diacetates Catalysed by Silica Sulfate
Authors: Jin Tong-Shou , Zhao Ying , Liu Li-Bin , Li Tong-Shuang
Published: December 2009

An efficient procedure for converting a number of 1,1-diacetates into the corresponding aldehydes was developed with silica sulfate as catalyst. The advantages of this procedure is its brevity, and high yield. It is environmentally friendly and the catalyst is also inexpensive and reusable.
Reaction of 2-[(E)-styryl]Quinazolin-4(3H)-one with Acetylenic Esters: Formation of Unexpected N-3 Alkenylation Products
Authors: Chatterjee Tapasi , Chattopadhyay Subhagata , Mukhopadhyay Ranjan , Achari Basudeb , Chakraborty Santu , Mukherjee Alok K.
Published: December 2009

Attempted hetero Diels–Alder reaction with 2-[(E)-styryl]quinazolin-4(3H)-one (1) and dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate (2) resulted in unexpected N-3 alkenylation products, 2-[(E)-styryl]-3-[(Z)-1,2-bis(methoxycarbonyl)vinyl]quinazolin-4(3H)-one (4a) and 3-[(E)-1,2-bis(methoxycarbonyl) vinyl] 2-[(E)-styryl]-quinazolin-4(3H)-one (4b) in low yield. Treating 1 and 2-methylquinazolin-4(3H)-one (9) with methyl propiolate (7) also furnished N-3 alkenylation products in low yield. The structure of 4b has been established by X-ray analysis. The molecules of 4b are linked by intermolecular C-H. … N hydrogen bonds into centrosymmetric dimers forming R22 (12) rings.
Investigation of the oxidation ability of protected hydrazine derivatives
Authors: Jürmann Gea , Tšubrik Olga , Tammeveski Kaido , Mäeorg Uno
Published: December 2009

In the present paper we have determined the oxidation potentials for several protected hydrazine derivatives using cyclic voltammetry. For comparison the chemical oxidation of these hydrazines was also studied.
Novel synthesis and crystal structure of Rac-N,N-dimethyl-1-ferrocenylethylamine hydrochloride
Authors: Zhang Yu-Mei , Zhou Zhi-Ming , Yu Cong-Xuan
Published: December 2009

The title compound N, N-dimethyl-1-ferrocenylethylaminehydrochloride [Fe(C5H5)(C5H4CHCH3N+H(CH3)2)Cl-] was synthesised by esterification of the corresponding alcohol, followed by substitution with HN(CH3)2 and by extracting HCl from CH2Cl2 probably associated with Fe in the substrate molecule. Its structure was first elucidated by X-ray analysis. By analysis of the crystal structure of, it is proposed that diastereoselective ortho-deprotonation directed by Ugi's amine may be ascribed to the different hindrance exerted by methyl group at chiral C.
Pyridazine derivatives and related compounds. Part 141. Photolysis of 3-diazo-4,5-diphenylpyrazolo[3,4-c]pyridazine
Authors: Amer Atef Mohamed , Zayed Mohamed Fouad , Deeb Ali , Ali Ahmed
Published: December 2009

The photochemistry of 3-diazopyrazolopyridazine has been investigated. The irradiation of 3-diazo-4,5-diphenylpyrazolo[3,4-c]pyridazine in various solvents forms a carbene intermediate, which transforms into 3-substituted derivatives. For photolysis in the presence of acetylacetone or ethyl acetoacetate the coupling reactions which occur at the methylene group are faster than carbene formation, and can lead to direct cyclisation into condensed 1,2,4-triazines. Photolysis in the presence of diethyl malonate forms an acyclic hydrazone.
Synthesis of 7,11-diaryl-3-oxo (or thioxo)-2,4-diazaspiro[5.5]undecane-1,5,9-triones, Part I
Authors: Ahmed M. Giasuddin , Ahmed Syeda Asghari , Ahmed S. Mosaddeq , Hossain M. Mahmun , Hussam Abul
Published: December 2009

Spiro compounds 7,11-diaryl-2,4-diazaspiro[5.5]undecane-1,3,5,9-tetraones 3a–e and 7,11-diaryl-3-thioxo-2,4-diazaspiro[5.5]undecane-1,5,9-triones 3f–j were prepared from the reaction of 1,5-diaryl-1,4-pentadien-3-ones 2a–f with barbituric acid (1a) and 2-thiobarbituric acid (1b). The structures of the products were confirmed by UV, IR, 1H and 13C NMR, MS and elemental analysis.
Clean synthesis of pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidines in aqueous media
Authors: Shi Daqing , Niu Lihui , Zhuang Qiya
Published: December 2009

The reaction of substituted cinnamonitriles and 4-amino-2,6-dihydroxypyrimidine or 2,4-diamino-6-hydroxypyrimidine in water in the presence of triethylbenzylammonium chloride (TEBA) as catalyst affords a clean synthesis of pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives.
Synthesis of amino acid derivatives of indole-3-acetic acid
Authors: Liu Ying , Zhao Liang , Liu Liang , Wei Lin-Yi , Lai Lu-Hua
Published: December 2009

Amino acid derivatives of a modified indole-3-acetic acid have been synthesised. Fourteen new dipeptide-like compounds 3–4 were obtained and their structures were elucidated based on the IR, 1H NMR, MS spectra.
KBrO3/FeCl3 as an Efficient Oxidising System for Aromatisation of Hantzsch 1,4-dihydropyridines in Wet Acetonitrile
Authors: Zeynizadeh Behzad , Dilmaghani Karim Akbari , Roozijoy Asli
Published: December 2009

KBrO3 in the presence of anhydrous FeCl3 efficiently aromatised Hantzsch 1,4-dihydropyridines to their corresponding pyridine derivatives in high to excellent yields. The reactions were carried out in wet CH3CN under reflux condition.
VCl3 Catalysed Efficient Synthesis of β-enamine Esters and Ketones from β-keto Esters
Authors: Rajitha Bavanthula , Reddy Penthala Narsimha , Kumar Buridapad Sunil , Srinivasulu Neeladri , Reddy Yerram Reddy Thirupathi
Published: December 2009

VCl3 is a useful and efficient catalyst for the synthesis of β-enamine esters and ketones from β-keto esters with primary amines.
Organic Reactions in Ionic Liquids: Ionic Liquid-accelerated Facile Synthesis of 3-alkyl-2,4-thiazolidinediones
Authors: Yang De-Hong , Yang Ben-Yong , Chen Zhen-Chu , Chen Song-Ying , Zheng Qin-Guo
Published: December 2009

The room temperature ionic liquid [bmim]PF6 is a new green solvent for the N-alkylation of 2,4-thiazolidinones. Significant rate enhancement and improved yields have been observed.
Alumina Sulfuric Acid as a Novel Heterogeneous System for Esterification of Carboxylic Acids in Solvent Free Conditions
Authors: Sharghi Hashem , Sarvari Mona Hosseini , Eskandari Razieh
Published: December 2009

Neat chlorosulfonic acid reacts with alumina to give alumina sulfuric acid (ASA) in which sulfuric acid is immobilised on the surface of alumina via a covalent bond. Carboxylic acids can be readily converted to their corresponding esters with a combination of ASA and alcohols in solvent free conditions.
Novel Formation of Spirocyclic Oxazolines in the Reaction of Some (E)-3-(4-methoxybenzylidene)Flavanones with NaN3/c.H2SO4-HOAc
Authors: Mallik Asok K. , Chattopadhyay Falguni , Patra Amarendra
Published: December 2009

On treatment with NaN3/c.H2SO4-HOAc, some (E)-3-(4-methoxybenzylidene) flavanones yield a new type of flavonoid-derived spirocyclic oxazolines in moderate yield. A plausible mechanism for formation of these products is suggested.
Synthesis and Characterisation of Some Novel Indeno[1,2-c]pyrazoles
Authors: Singh Karan , Sharma Pawan K. , Dhawan S. N. , Singh Shiv P.
Published: December 2009

1-(Benzothiazol-2-yl)-4-phenylindeno [1,2-c]pyrazoles (1) and 1-(4-arylthiazol-2-yl)-4-phenylindeno[1,2-c]pyrazoles (2) have been synthesised by the reaction between 1-oxo-3-phenylindan-2-carboxaldehyde (4) and 2-hydrazinobenzothiazoles or 2-hydrazinothiazoles.
Clean Synthesis of Adipic Acid by Direct Oxidation of Cyclohexene with H2O2 catalysed by Na2WO4.2H2O and Acidic Ionic Liquids
Authors: Gui Jianzhou , Liu Dan , Cong Xiaohui , Zhang Xiaotong , Jiang Heng , Hu Zhide , Sun Zhaolin
Published: December 2009

Without any other organic solvents or halide present, direct catalytic oxidation of cyclohexene to adipic acid with hydrogen peroxide catalysed by Na2WO4.2H2O and acidic ionic liquids has been performed with excellent yields and selectivities, and the catalyst system could be easily reused.
Studies on Palladium(II) Complexes Containing Multidentate N-heterocycles
Authors: Shivakumaraiah  , Gowda Nadur M. Nanje
Published: December 2009

Palladium dihalides/perchlorate react with the multidentate N-heterocycles (I), 1,3-bis(benzimidazol-2-yl)benzene (L1) 1,3-bis(1-methylbenzimidazol-2-yl)benzene (L2), 2,6-bis(benzimidazol-2-yl)pyridine (L3) and 2,6-bis(1-methylbenzimidazol-2-yl) pyridine (L4) in ethanol/tetrahydrofuran in presence of hydrohalic acid to yield complexes of the compositions, [PdX2L·nH2O] (X = Cl, L = L1 or L2, n = 1; X = Cl, L = L3 or L4, n = 0; X = Br, L = L1 or L3 n = 0; X = Br, L = L2, n = 3; X = Br, L = L4, n = 2), PdL2(ClO4)2·nH2O (L = L1, n = 2; L = L2, n = 1) and [Pd2L3(ClO4)4·nH2O] (L = L3, n = 2; L = L4, n = 0). The complexes were characterised by elemental analysis, molar conductance measurements, IR, electronic, 1H, 13C NMR and FAB-mass spectral studies.
Epoxidation of electron-deficient α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds over Keggin heteropoly compounds with aqueous H2O2
Authors: Gao Qiang , Ding Yong , Liu Haitao , Suo Jishuan
Published: December 2009

The epoxidation of a variety of electron-deficient α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds has been studied using a series of heteropoly compounds and aqueous hydrogen peroxide in acetonitrile. Among the heteropoly compounds investigated, (CTP)3VMo12O40 showed the highest catalytic performance for the epoxidation of these compounds.
A new synthesis and crystal structure of the ethyl 4,6-dibromobenzothiazol-2-ylcarbamate
Authors: Yang Li-Zi , Wei Tai-Bao , Zhang You-Ming
Published: December 2009

The title compound was synthesised by the reaction of N-ethoxycarbonyl-N'-(2,4,6–tribromo-phenyl)thiourea with copper chloride in ethanol solution. Cyclisation of the ethoxycarbonylthiourea formed the ethyl 4,6-dibromo benzothiazol-2-ylcarbamate.
Studies on pyrazines, Part 39.1 Synthesis and acidic hydrolysis of 2-hydroxy-5-methoxypyrazine
Authors: Sato Nobuhiro , Mizuno Akio
Published: December 2009

2-Hydroxy-5-methoxypyrazine was synthesised in a three-step reaction sequence starting from aminopyrazine. The product was extensively destroyed on acidic workup without forming 2,5-dihydroxypyrazine.
Molecular recognition studies of selected isoalloxazines with 2,6-diamidopyridine derivatives
Authors: Geetanjali  , Singh Ram , Chauhan Shive Murat Singh
Published: December 2009

Triple hydrogen bond formation towards the uracil moiety of an isoalloxazine ring with 2,6-diamidopyridine derivatives has been observed in chloroform. A hydrogen bonded isoalloxazine–pyridine complex has been successfully utilised in disulfide formation as a metal-free organocatalyst.
Allyl(Acetylacetonato)Palladium (II) Complexes: Versatile Precursors for the Synthesis of Dimeric Allylpalladium (II) Complexes
Authors: Singhal Anshu
Published: December 2009

The facile synthesis and characterisation of several new dimeric (η3-allyl)palladium (II) complexes of the type, [Pd(μ-L)2(η3-C3H4R)2] [R = H or Me; LH = 4-CH3C6H4SH; 3,5-R'2pzH (R’ = But or Ph]; ArNNNHAr (Ar = 4-FC6H4); PhNC(Ph)NHPh] are reported.
Synthesis of 4H,5H-pyrano[3,2-c]pyrano-5-ones in aqueous media
Authors: Shi Da-Qing , Niu Li-Hui , Wang Xiang-Shan , Zhuang Qi-Ya , Zhang Yong
Published: December 2009

The reaction of 4-hydroxy-6-methylpyran-2-one with substituted cinnamonitriles in water in the presence of triethylbenzylammonium chloride (TEBA) provide an efficient route to 2-amino-4-aryl-4H,5H-pyrano[3,2-c]pyran-5-one derivatives. The products were characterised by IR, 1H NMR, elemental analysis and were further confirmed by the X-ray crystal structure analysis.
SmI2-mediated reduction of phenacyl azides: A novel preparation of 2,4-diarylpyrroles
Authors: Fan Xuesen , Zhang Xinying , Zhang Yongmin
Published: December 2009

A novel reductive cyclisation of phenacyl azides brought about by samarium iodide is described in this paper. By this process several 2,4-diarylpyrroles have been prepared.
Functionally Substituted Enamines as Building Blocks in Heterocyclic Synthesis: Reactivity of Glyoxal Diphenylhydrazone toward Electrophilic Reagents
Authors: Hassaneen Huwaida M. E. , Abdallah Tayseer A. , Hassaneen Hamdi M. , Elnagdi Mohamed H.
Published: December 2009

Glyoxalbis(phenylhydrazone) 1a reacts with aromatic aldehydes and secondary amines to yield either propan-1,2-dialdiphenylhydrazones 2 or arylazopyrazoles 7 depending on the nature of utilised aldehyde. The reactivity of 1a with phosphorus oxychloride (POCl3) and dimethylformamide (DMF) (Vilsmeier reaction) afforded the cinnolin-3-carbaldehyde phenylhydrazone 11. Compound 1a afforded also the tribenzoyl derivative 16 on treatment with benzoyl chloride. Only the diacetyl derivative 17 was produced on refluxing 1a in acetic anhydride. The diphenylhydrazone 20 was produced on treatment of 19, prepared via coupling 18 with benzenediazonium chloride followed by phenylhydrazine. This cyclised into pyrazole 21 on reflux in acetic acid.
Synthesis of δ-lactam (2-oxopiperazine) inhibitors of elastase
Authors: Seibel Jürgen , Macdonald Simon J. , Schofield Christopher J.
Published: December 2009

Different routes for the synthesis of N-sulfonyl derivatives of δ-lactam (2-oxopiperazine) inhibitors of the serine protease elastase were evaluated.
A solvent-free synthesis of β-amino-α,β-unsaturated ketones and esters catalysed by sulfated zirconia
Authors: Zhang Zhan-Hui , Song Li-Ming
Published: December 2009

β-Amino-α,β-unsaturated ketones and esters are synthesised by the condensation of β-dicarbonyl compounds with amines in the presence of a solid superacid sulfated zirconia (SO42–/ZrO2, SZ) under solvent-free conditions.
An expeditious and solvent-free approach to substituted bis-thioureas and bis-thiosemicarbazides
Authors: Wang Xicun , Liu Juan , Li Zheng
Published: December 2009

An expeditious, high-yield and green approach to substituted bis-thioureas and bis-thiosemicarbazides by grinding the mixture of pyridine-2,6-dicarbonyl dichloride with ammonium thiocyanate and arylamines or aroyl hydrazines at room temperature under solvent-free condition via one-pot procedure is described.
Accurate fluorescence lifetime predictions of axially substituted silicon phthalocyanines
Authors: Maree Suzanne E. , Maree M. David
Published: December 2009

A convenient method using the Strickler–Berg equation is described for the determination of fluorescence lifetimes for axially substituted silicon phthalocyanines. By utilising only the absorption and emission spectra of these compounds it is possible to determine the fluorescence lifetimes to within 10% accuracy.
The Rate of Oxidation of Dimethylarsinous Acid to Dimethylarsinic Acid is Ph Dependent: Implications for the Analysis and Toxicology of Arsenic Metabolites in Urine
Authors: Nakayama Takashi , Edmonds John S. , Shibata Yasuyuki , Morita Masatoshi
Published: December 2009

A 1H NMR spectroscopic study has shown the rate oxidation of dimethylarsinous acid to dimethylarsinic acid in buffered aqueous solutions to depend upon pH. Dimethylarsinous acid has been reported to be a highly toxic arsenical metabolite and component of the urine of persons exposed to inorganic arsenic, particularly through drinking water. As the pH of human urine can range from 4.5 to 8, the pH dependence of the oxidation rate of dimethylarsinous acid to dimethylarsinic acid has profound implications for the detection and analysis of these compounds in urine samples, and for the relevance of the experimental toxicology of dimethylarsinous acid.
One-Pot Synthesis of Pyrano[2,3-D]Pyrimidine Derivatives in Ionic Liquid Medium
Authors: Li Yu-Ling , Du Bai-Xiang , Wang Xiang-Shan , Shi Da-Qing , Tu Shu-Jiang
Published: December 2009

In this paper, a series of pyrano[2,3- d]pyrimidine derivatives have been synthesised by the reaction of aromatic aldehydes, malononitrile and pyrimidine-4,6-diol in ionic liquid [bmim+][BF4-] at 80 °C. The structures of the products were characterised by IR, 1H NMR spectra. Compared with other methods, ionic liquid is a green solvent, which has the advantages of easier work-up, milder reaction conditions, high yields and environmentally benign procedure.
Recent Advances in the Chemistry of the Organotin Hydrides
Authors: Davies Alwyn G.
Published: December 2009

Advances in the chemistry of the organotin hydrides during the last decade are reviewed.
Terpenes from Eunicea Laciniata and Plexaurella Nutans
Authors: Bashyal Bharat , Desai Prashant , Rao Karumanchi V. , Hamann Mark T. , Avery Bonnie A. , Reed John K. , Avery Mitchell A.
Published: December 2009

A new 7,8–epoxydolabella–3(E)–12(18)–diene (1), diterpenoid together with three known compounds were isolated from a Honduras gorgonian Eunicea laciniata. The relative stereochemistry of 1 was established by spectroscopic studies and the antiprotozoal and antimicrobial activities of dolabellane diterpenoids 2–4 are reported. Three known cadinane type sesquiterpenes were also isolated from Honduras gorgonian Plexaurella nutans.
Synthesis of New Polydentate Oxalamide-Based Ligands as Chiral Catalysts for the Enantioselective Addition of Diethylzinc to Benzaldehyde
Authors: Testa Maria Luisa , Antista Licia , Mingoia Francesco , Zaballos-Garcia Elena
Published: December 2009

New polydentate oxalamide-based ligands have been studied as chiral catalysts in the enantioselective addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde
Synthesis of Azo Aromatic Diacyl Chlorides from Nitro Aromatic Acids
Authors: Xiong Chuan-Xi , Niu Yong-Sheng , Zhou Wei , Dong Li-Jie
Published: December 2009

The synthesis of azo aromatic diacyl chlorides using glucose as the reductant of nitro aromatic acids is reported.
Facile Synthesis of 3-(Diarylmethylene)Isobenzofuranones, 4-(Diarylmethyl)-1(2H)-Phthalazinones and Diarylmethanes
Authors: Das Suven , Fröhlich Roland , Pramanik Animesh
Published: December 2009

Reflux of 2,2-diaryl-1,3-indanediones in ethyleneglycol with a catalytic amount of triethylamine affords 3-(diarylmethylene)isobenzofuranones in very good yields. The latter produces 4-diarymethyl-1(2 H)-phthalazinones under reflux in hydrazine hydrate (99%), and diarylmethanes upon stirring in ethylenediamine.
Indirect Olefination of O-aminobenzaldehyde
Authors: Deka Dibakar C. , Paul Maumita
Published: December 2009

Indirect olefination of o-aminobenzaldehyde, an unstable aldehyde which can not be successfully subjected to direct olefination, has been achieved with 100% E-selectivity. Wittig olefination of o-nitrobenzaldehyde and the reduction of nitro group under neutral condition are the key steps involved.