bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Philosophy as the basis for the civilization development of society
Authors: Akhmet Shimshek Haсi
Published: January 2024

The work deals with the relationship between civilization and philosophy, defining the relationship and features of culture and philosophy, culture and civilization. The concepts of a civilized person, personality, and social identity are comparatively analyzed, and the place of philosophy in the formation of a civilized society is defined. Man is the creator of the world. Through its actions over the centuries, it has shaped, changed and transformed the world. The material and spiritual wealth he discovered became a heritage that was collected under the name of “civilization” and passed down from generation to generation. The guardian of this heritage is philosophy. Philosophy took the leading role in the understanding of the human world, under its guidance civilizations developed and continued from generation to generation. In the same way, civilizations contributed to the development of philosophical thought through their accumulation. Great civilizations are based on the fundamental principles of their philosophy. The influence of these three elements, human, social and environmental factors, is very important in the emergence of philosophy as a science. In the concept of civilization lies the material and spiritual accumulation of society; culture, art and literature are mainly products of philosophy. There is a distinct structure between these two concepts in this context. Any civilization is based on these values.
The Influence of Information Technology and Use Competency on Company Performance with SIA Effectiveness as a Mediation Variable
Authors: Sari Nita Lukita , Suwandi Suwandi
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of the use of information technology and competence on employee performance by the effectiveness of SIA as a variable mediation The number of respondents in this study was several 280 employees and finance managers. Test the instrument using validity tests and reliability tests. The analysis technique used is SEM (Structural Equation Modelling) AMOS version 21. The results of this study show that: 1) The use of technology has a positive and significant influence on employee performance, 2) Competence has a positive and significant influence on employee performance, 3) The use of technology has a positive and significant influence on employee performance, 4) Competence has a significant influence on employee performance with the effectiveness of SIA.
Problems of disinfection and processing of medical waste
Authors: Sakalova Halyna , Khodanitska Olena , Dzikhovska Liliya
Published: January 2024

The article provides an analysis of medical waste management in Ukraine. As medical waste is hazardous, it partially reflects the handling of dangerous waste components, such as chemicals used in medicine, heavy metals wastes, and other separately collected waste components.
Particular attention should be paid to medical waste because it can be not only a source of infectious but also toxic pollution. It can also contain very high concentrations of toxic compounds (cytostatics, antibiotics, and other drugs) and radioactive substances, which have a negative impact on human health and the environment. The amount of drugs and products of their metabolism that pollute the planet's water resources is increasing all over the world. That is why the problem of hazardous medical waste management in Ukraine needs to be solved.
We have carried out monitoring of medical waste, effective methods of disposal, and storage of waste within the dental medical center. The classification of pharmaceutical and medical wastes and ways of reducing the environmental impact of medical wastes are researched.
Biological waste, dressing material, polymer waste, metal, glass, chemical waste, mercury, X-ray film, paper, rubber, plaster casts, household waste were found among the medical waste of the dental clinic. The largest group of waste by weight in morphological composition are polymers (syringes, gloves, saliva ejector, etc.).
Hygienic and ecological assessment of waste disinfection methods is presented and relevant recommendations are provided. The higher efficiency of autoclaving in comparison with chemical disinfection of medical waste according to certain regulatory parameters is proved. Because the chemical disinfection does not guarantee the complete destruction of the infectious agent, it is recommended only as a temporary method of waste disinfecting with the following packaging and labeling for special disinfection.
Strategi Pengelolaan Bahan Baku Minyak Kayu Putih Di Bkph Subang Untuk PMKP Jatimunggul
Authors: Sri Utami Widia , Purwanto Ris Hadi , Sunarta Sigit
Published: January 2024

Storage of raw materials affects the production of Cajuput oil as well as the resulting yield. If raw materials are abundant but the production capacity of the cauldron for refining Cajuput leaves and twigs at PMKP Jatimunggul is inadequate, this will cause a decrease in yield because the raw materials are stored for days and the transportation time from BKPH supplier to PMKP Jatimunggul takes a long time. Meanwhile, raw materials are always delivered every day from the supplier KPH. Harvesting Cajuput leaves and twigs that do not comply with the SOP can also reduce the yield of Cajuput oil. Data analysis uses SWOT with questionnaires. Strategies for managing raw materials have a total strength internal factor score of 3.892; weakness of 3,785; opportunity of 3,906; and threats of 3,489. Based on the values obtained, the strategic position for managing Cajuput raw materials and Cajuput oil is located in quadrant I with coordinate values (0.107; 0.417). Strategy Aggressive Strategy (Strengths – Opportunities) to find opportunities from BKPH Subang dan PMKP Jatimunggy by their strengths. Then the company will increase production of raw material from Melaleuca cajuputi leaf-twig.
The Zenú oral tradition as a didactic strategy to strengthen family communication
Authors: Álvarez Montiel Yaneth Teresa , Ramos Romero José Germán , Salgado Benítez Ever Manuel
Published: January 2024

Oral tradition is a significant element within culture, especially for ethnic groups, such as the Zenú, who fight for its preservation, because for Zenú families, it is an important factor in keeping their worldview alive. From this perspective, teachers need to have didactic options to promote cultural identity, especially in the indigenous cabildos where family communication is weak and does not tend to promote the oral traditions so necessary to develop in a pluralistic and democratic society, a training alternative to build more democratic societies, from this perspective, the purpose of this research work is the implementation of oral tradition as a didactic strategy to strengthen family communication.  The population to be addressed are the students, parents and teachers of the eighth grade of the San Francisco de Asis Educational Institution of Chinú, Córdoba. The sample is made up of 4 parents, 4 students and 4 teachers. This degree work is developed from the qualitative approach, and responds to the theoretical conception of participatory action research. Surveys and semi-structured interviews were used as data collection techniques, which allowed understanding the importance of promoting and revitalizing the oral tradition as a cultural and pedagogical element to strengthen family and community ties.
Dampak Penggunaan Pinjaman Online Terhadap Gaya Hidup Konsumtif Mahasiswa STIE Ekuitas
Authors: Putri Mellya , Oktovina Reine , Oktovini Reina , Lesmana Indra , Rinaldo Dito
Published: January 2024

One of the digital financial services offered by financial service providers commonly called fintech is online loans. With easy terms and conditions, online loans make it easier for people, including students, to borrow money online. This service can influence students' consumptive lifestyle. Students who want to borrow money to meet their needs can take advantage of this online loan application, which allows money to be disbursed immediately. Loan repayment is considered easy because it can be paid in installments with a certain interest depending on the period chosen. The aim of this research is to find out how the use of online loan applications impacts the consumptive behavior or lifestyle of STIE Equity students. Students who used loan applications were surveyed via questionnaires. The research results show that the average student uses online loan applications because of necessity and is tempted by offers such as interest and price discounts.
A New Overstrike from Abakainon
Authors: Molinari Nicholas J.
Published: January 2024

This brief essay presents evidence for a new overstrike from Abakainon on an undertype from Messana. The coin is a bronze hemilitron weighing 9.60g and measuring 21.5mm. It dates to the period of the so-called ‘federal’ coinage of the Symmachcia, when the Greek and Italic peoples aligned with Timoleon against the Carthaginians, c. 343 to 339 BC. The obverse features the head of the nymph Sikelia to right within a dotted border. There are no known variations of the obverse type. The reverse of these coins features the forepart of Acheloios (of the Helikon) to right, with one of three arrangements of the ABAKAININΩN inscription. The weights of these coins vary considerably—from c. 7.90 to c. 13.57g, but all are considered the same denomination, the hemilitron.
Die Lebenswelt zum Thema
Authors: Postner Amos
Published: January 2024

Durch Schulangebote der Persönlichkeitsbildung rückt die Lebenswelt der Schüler*innen ins Rampenlicht pädagogischer Praxis. Vor diesem Hintergrund wendet sich der Autor der Frage zu, wie sich Unterricht in dem an österreichischen Bundeshandelsakademien und -schulen (BHAK/BHAS) etablierten Schulfach „Persönlichkeitsbildung und Soziale Kompetenz“ (PBSK) in einer ersten Klasse einer Handelsschule gestaltet. Im Fokus stehen Interaktionen und Praktiken, die den Schüler*innen ermöglichen, ihre Alltagsthemen in pädagogischen Kontexten zu reflektieren.
Efficacy of Antibody Drug Conjugates Alone and in Combination with other Agents in Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma: A Scoping Review
Authors: Grant Michael J. , Stockhammer Paul , Austin Matthew R. , Nemeth Zsuzsanna , Petrylak Daniel P.
Published: January 2024

INTRODUCTION:

Antibody drug conjugates represent a promising class of antineoplastic agents comprised of a monoclonal antibody linked to a potent cytotoxic payload for targeted delivery of chemotherapy to tumors. Various antibody drug conjugates have demonstrated impressive efficacy in patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma in clinical trials, leading to two FDA approved therapies and several other agents and combinations in clinical development.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

A comprehensive systematic review was undertaken utilizing the principles of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. Queried databases included Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid Embase, Web of Science Core Collection and Cochrane CENTRAL Trials. The search sought to identify prospective therapeutic clinical trials in humans with metastatic urothelial carcinoma with a single-arm or randomized controlled trial design investigating antibody drug conjugate-containing regimens.

RESULTS:

The literature search yielded 4,929 non-duplicated articles, of which 30 manuscripts and conference abstracts were included, which derived from 15 clinical trials including 19 separate cohorts with efficacy outcome results. Eleven trials investigated ADC monotherapy, while two investigated combination regimens, and the remaining two studies were mixed. Five unique ADC targets were represented including Nectin-4, Trop-2, HER2, Tissue Factor, and SLITRK6. Twelve clinical trial cohorts required prior treatment (63%). Objective response rate was reported for all studies and ranged from 27–52% for ADC monotherapies and 34–75% for ADC plus anti-PD-1 agents. Time to event outcome reporting was highly variable.

CONCLUSION:

In addition to enfortumab vedotin and sacituzumab govitecan, various HER2-targeted antibody drug conjugates and ADC-anti-PD-1 combination regimens have demonstrated efficacy in clinical trials and are poised for clinical advancement.
High-Fat Diets in Animal Models of Alzheimer’s Disease: How Can Eating Too Much Fat Increase Alzheimer’s Disease Risk?
Authors: Valentin-Escalera Josue , Leclerc Manon , Calon Frédéric
Published: January 2024

High dietary intake of saturated fatty acids is a suspected risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD). To decipher the causal link behind these associations, high-fat diets (HFD) have been repeatedly investigated in animal models. Preclinical studies allow full control over dietary composition, avoiding ethical concerns in clinical trials. The goal of the present article is to provide a narrative review of reports on HFD in animal models of AD. Eligibility criteria included mouse models of AD fed a HFD defined as > 35% of fat/weight and western diets containing > 1% cholesterol or > 15% sugar. MEDLINE and Embase databases were searched from 1946 to August 2022, and 32 preclinical studies were included in the review. HFD-induced obesity and metabolic disturbances such as insulin resistance and glucose intolerance have been replicated in most studies, but with methodological variability. Most studies have found an aggravating effect of HFD on brain Aβ pathology, whereas tau pathology has been much less studied, and results are more equivocal. While most reports show HFD-induced impairment on cognitive behavior, confounding factors may blur their interpretation. In summary, despite conflicting results, exposing rodents to diets highly enriched in saturated fat induces not only metabolic defects, but also cognitive impairment often accompanied by aggravated neuropathological markers, most notably Aβ burden. Although there are important variations between methods, particularly the lack of diet characterization, these studies collectively suggest that excessive intake of saturated fat should be avoided in order to lower the incidence of AD.
Palliative Care in Nursing Home Residents with Young-Onset Dementia: Professional and Family Caregiver Perspectives
Authors: Maters Jasper , van der Steen Jenny T. , de Vugt Marjolein E. , Bakker Christian , Koopmans Raymond T.C.M.
Published: January 2024

Background: The evidence underpinning palliative care in dementia is mostly based on research in older populations. Little is known about the palliative care needs of people with young-onset dementia (YOD). Objective: To describe palliative care practices including advance care planning (ACP) in people with YOD residing in Dutch nursing homes. Methods: The study presents baseline questionnaire data from an observational cohort study. Physicians, family caregivers, and nursing staff completed questionnaires about 185 residents with YOD. The questionnaires included items on sociodemographics, quality of life measured with the quality of life in late-stage dementia (QUALID) scale, dementia-related somatic health problems, symptoms, pain medication, psychotropic drugs, and ACP. Results: The mean age was 63.9 (SD 5.8) years. Half (50.3%) of them were female. Alzheimer’s disease dementia (42.2%) was the most prevalent subtype. The mean QUALID score was 24.0 (SD 7.9) as assessed by family caregivers, and 25.3 (SD 8.6) as assessed by the nursing staff. Swallowing problems were the most prevalent dementia-related health problem (11.4%). Agitation was often reported by physicians (42.0%) and nursing staff (40.5%). Psychotropics were prescribed frequently (72.3%). A minority had written advance directives (5.4%) or documentation on treatment preferences by the former general practitioner (27.2%). Global care goals most often focused on comfort (73.9%). Proportions of do-not-treat orders were higher than do-treat orders for all interventions except for hospitalization and antibiotics. Conclusions: ACP must be initiated earlier, before nursing home admission. A palliative approach seems appropriate even though residents are relatively young and experience few dementia-related health problems.
The Role of Impaired Receptor Trafficking in Mediating the Pathological Effects of APOE4 in Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Safieh Mirna , Liraz Ori , Ovadia Maayan , Michaelson Danny
Published: January 2024

Background: Apolipoprotein E4 (APOE4) is the most prevalent genetic risk factor of Alzheimer’s disease. Several studies suggest that APOE4 binding to its receptors is associated with their internalization and accumulation in intracellular compartments. Importantly, this phenomenon also occurs with other, non-ApoE receptors. Based on these observations, we hypothesized that APOE4 pathological effects are mediated by impairment in the life cycle of distinct receptors (APOER2, LRP1, IR, VEGFR). Objective: To examine the effects of APOE genotype on receptors protein levels and compartmentalization. Methods: Primary mouse neurons were prepared from APOE3 or APOE4 targeted replacement mice, or APOE-KO mice. Specific receptors protein levels were evaluated in these neurons, utilizing immunofluorescent staining. Additionally, surface membrane protein levels of those receptors were assessed by cell surface biotinylation assay and ELISA. Receptors’ colocalization with intracellular compartments was assessed by double staining and confocal microscopy, followed by colocalization analysis. Finally, LRP1 or APOER2 were knocked-down with CRISPR/Cas9 system to examine their role in mediating APOE4 effects on the receptors. Results: Our results revealed lower receptors’ levels in APOE4, specifically on the membrane surface. Additionally, APOE4 affects the compartmentation of these receptors in two patterns: the first was observed with LRP1 and was associated with decreased receptor levels in numerous intracellular compartments. The second was obtained with the other receptors and was associated with their accumulation in early endosomes and their decrease in the late endosomes. Conclusions: These results provide a unifying mechanism, in which APOE4 drives the down regulation of various receptors, which plays important roles in distinct APOE4 related pathological processes.
Type 2 Diabetes and Biomarkers of Brain Structure, Perfusion, Metabolism, and Function in Late Mid-Life: A Multimodal Discordant Twin Study
Authors: Karayiannis Christopher C. , Srikanth Velandai , Beare Richard , Mehta Hemal , Gillies Mark , Phan Thanh G. , Xu Zheng Yang , Chen Christine , Moran Chris
Published: January 2024

Background: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with an increased risk of dementia and early features may become evident even in mid-life. Characterizing these early features comprehensively requires multiple measurement modalities and careful selection of participants with and without T2D. Objective: We conducted a cross-sectional multimodal imaging study of T2D-discordant twins in late mid-life to provide insights into underlying mechanisms. Methods: Measurements included computerized cognitive battery, brain MRI (including arterial spin labelling, diffusion tensor, resting state functional), fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-PET, and retinal optical coherence tomography. Results: There were 23 pairs, mean age 63.7 (±6.1) years. In global analyses, T2D was associated with poorer attention (β= –0.45, p <0.001) and with reduced FDG uptake (β= –5.04, p = 0.02), but not with cortical thickness (p = 0.71), total brain volume (p = 0.51), fractional anisotropy (p = 0.15), mean diffusivity (p = 0.34), or resting state activity (p = 0.4). Higher FDG uptake was associated with better attention (β= 3.19, p = 0.01) but not with other cognitive domains. In regional analyses, T2D was associated with lower accumbens volume (β= –44, p = 0.0004) which was in turn associated with poorer attention. Conclusion: T2D-related brain dysfunction in mid-life manifests as attentional loss accompanied by evidence of subtle neurodegeneration and global reduction in cerebral metabolism, in the absence of overt cerebrovascular disease.
The investigation of dose rate and photon beam energy dependence of optimized PASSAG polymer gel dosimeter using magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Liu Bo , Haithem Zaki Shaima , García Eduardo , Bonilla Amanda , Thabit Daha , Hussein Adab Aya
Published: January 2024

OBJECTIVE:

It seems that dose rate (DR) and photon beam energy (PBE) may influence the sensitivity and response of polymer gel dosimeters. In the current project, the sensitivity and response dependence of optimized PASSAG gel dosimeter (OPGD) on DR and PBE were assessed.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

We fabricated the OPGD and the gel samples were irradiated with various DRs and PBEs. Then, the sensitivity and response ( R2) of OPGD were obtained by MRI at various doses and post-irradiation times.

RESULTS:

Our analysis showed that the sensitivity and response of OPGD are not affected by the evaluated DRs and PBEs. It was also found that the dose resolution values of OPGD ranged from 9 to 33 cGy and 12 to 34 cGy for the evaluated DRs and PBEs, respectively. Additionally, the data demonstrated that the sensitivity and response dependence of OPGD on DR and PBE do not vary over various times after the irradiation.

CONCLUSIONS:

The findings of this research project revealed that the sensitivity and response dependence of OPGD are independent of DR and PBE.
Three etudes on compiling, or How to use the Julia language to study generated machine code
Authors: Eremin E. A.
Published: January 2024

The article demonstrates the ability of the Julia programming language to output an assembly text for any function written in Julia, which is interesting for education. The executable code for three illustrative examples is examined in detail: calculation by formula, branching and cyclic fragments. It is shown that Julia compiler really generates a carefully optimized program, trying to use the fastest executing instructions of the Intel processor. It successfully tries to do without time-consuming arithmetic operations (if possible, the values are calculated in advance, multiplication is replaced by shift and so on). The results for integer data are especially impressive. It is possible to see a whole range of optimization techniques, including those that take into account the features of the algorithm itself: for example, the compiler is able to predict the results of the simplest loop and exclude this loop from the final program. The problem of overflow control in a program is also discussed.

The consideration carried out convincingly confirms the usefulness of theoretical knowledge for developing an effectively working program. The described analysis technique is interesting for education, because the importance of a deep understanding by modern specialists of the programming process essence cannot be overestimated. The material can be useful in teaching programming ideas at different levels. The detailed presentation makes the article readable without special preparation.
Educational software environment for the study of abstract Turing and Post computing machines
Authors: Kochigina A. M. , Kornilov P. A.
Published: January 2024

The Federal Work Program of Secondary General Education in Informatics at an in-depth level involves familiarization of schoolchildren with Turing and Post machines as universal models of computing. The use of Turing and Post machines interpreters in the educational process makes it possible to overcome the difficulties associated with learning based on abstract logical thinking. The article describes the possibilities of the educational software environment developed by the authors, which contains three sections for each computer. In the "Theory" section, students can get acquainted with the features of the Post and Turing machines. The "Simulator" section allows the user to create their own examples or analyze ready-made ones, in this section it is possible to run the program step by step, with each step accompanied by comments. In addition, in this section, you can perform laboratory work, the tasks of which are randomly generated according to a template. With the help of the "Control" section, the teacher can test students' knowledge on this theme by solving a series of tasks. Each task is randomly selected from the prepared database of tasks. The principle of gradualness and sequence of tasks is observed. The educational software environment described in the article allows you to organize both front-end and individual work of students.
CulturaldiplomacywithintheSCO:legalbasis,problemsofimplementation
Authors:   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Azimov S.O. , Ibragimova G.E. ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University
Published: January 2024

This article explores cultural diplomacy within the SCO. The SCO, as a regional player,needstouseculturaldiplomacytoolstostrengthenitsposition.Inaddition,withintheorganizationitself,itisimportanttobuildstrong,partnershiprelationships.Instrumentsofculturaldiplomacyareone mechanism for achieving this. The paper analyzes the legal documents defining the basics of culturaldiplomacyintheSCO,aswellasthemechanismsofitsimplementation.Particularattentionispaidtothe role of cultural diplomacy in the development of cooperation between the SCO member states. Theauthorsofthearticledrawattentiontotheexistingproblemsandshortcomingsintheimplementationof cultural diplomacy. Among the important problems: the lack of a legal basis for the organization ofcultural diplomacy within the SCO, the lack of a legal explanation of the concept of “cultural diplomacy”,theconcentrationoftheprocessonmoredevelopedSCOcountries,thelackofaunifiedstrategyorplan fortheimplementationofculturaldiplomacywithintheorganization.Thearticlethenoutlinessolutionstoincreasethelevelofinteractionbetweencountriesthroughculturaldiplomacy.Theyaimtoeradicatethe shortcomings that exist in the implementation of cultural diplomacy. Among the prospects for thedevelopment of cultural diplomacy is the expansion of the legal framework, which will allow culturaldiplomacytocoveranevenwiderrangeofissues.Theauthorsbelievethatitisnecessarytofurtherexpandthe areas of cultural cooperation in the SCO space. The use of the cultural, spiritual, and educationalpotential of the SCO countries in the framework of interstate relations should become a foreign policy taskforthem
FeaturesofinteractionbetweengovernmentagenciesandthemediainKazakhstanandRussia
Authors:   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Aidarkozhin M.A. , Mukanov M.R. ,   KostanayAcademyoftheMIAoftheRepublicofKazakhstannamedafterSh.Kabylbaev, Bolysbek M.A. ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University
Published: January 2024

Undoubtedly, information is one of the most important resources required for the effectivefunctioningofsociety,andnewsandsocialnetworksplayanincreasingroleinpoliticaldiscourse.Inthis connection, the important role of the media is determined as a tool for collecting, processing, anddisseminatinginformation,andmoreimportantly,theformationofpublicopinion.Forthisreason,interaction with the media for government officials is of paramount importance in carrying out statereformsandtransformationsthataretakingplaceinourcountrytoday,asaresultofwhichaspecialnatureoftheirinteractionisformed.This article discusses various factors that influence the interaction of the state with the media anddetermine their role in the formation of state policy. The emphasis in this article is more on traditionalmedia as the main recipient of the state information order. As a result of the study, key problematic issuesin the information space of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the Russian Federation were identified, andrecommendationsweremadeformoreeffectiveinteractionbetweenthemediaandthestateapparatus.ThepurposeofthisstudyistodeterminethelevelofinvolvementofthemediainthepoliticalprocessesofKazakhstanandRussia,aswellastheirparticipationinthepromotionofpoliticalreformsandideology.
Theconceptofsoftpowerinthetheoryofinternationalrelations
Authors:   ENU, Seilkhan A.
Published: January 2024

The article is devoted to the current topic of international relations -the roleand place of soft and hard power.The concept of «soft power» is considered in the context oftheories of international relations.The authors describe the concept of the emergence of «softpower», the principles of the liberal theory of international relations, and also describe theconnection with the theory of neorealism. In this article, the authors analyze the theory of J.Nye,thefounderoftheconceptof«softpower»,theauthorsdescribethemechanismofactionof «soft power».A feature of this article is the understanding by the authors of the role of thisconcept,whichaffectstheimageofthestateabroadandthestrategyfortheimplementationof national interests through reliance on cooperation and the use of soft power tools throughculture,education,humanitarianaid,andthepopularizationofideologyandlifestyle.
TheSırderyaoğuzandtheırplaceıntheethnıccomposıtıonoftheuzbekturks
Authors:   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Babayar G. , Dzhumaniyazova F. ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University
Published: January 2024

ManyTurkishtribesandnon-Turkic(Mongoletal.,especiallyEastIranian)groupscontributed to the ethnic formation of the Uzbeks, one of the most populous Turkish communities. As amatter of fact, it is a fact that the Turkish tribes that make up the body ofthe Uzbeks have diversity, andthis situation finds its own determination among the Uzbek dialects even today, with Karluk (the othername is Hakani Turkish), Kipchak and Oghuz languages gaining weight. As it is known, Oghuzs playedthe main and most active role in the ethnic formation of Anatolian Turks, Turkmens and Gagauzs, manyTurkish groups in Azerbaijan and Iran (Afşar, Kaşkay, Songur, Khorasan Turks, Halaç etc.) and Solors inChina.CrimeanTatarscontributedtooneoranotherdegreeintheethnicformationofKumuk,Karakalpak,Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Nogay, Uyghur, Uzbek and others. In particular, the contribution of the Oghuzs to theUzbekethnicformationismoreevident,andasimilareffectisfeltmoreintheCrimeanTatarsandKumuksthan in the others. The fact that the Uzbek spoken language is called «Karluk dialect», «Kipchak dialect»and«Oghuzdialect»inscientificliteratureconfirmsthis.MostlyKarlukTurkishandsecondlyKipchakdialectsarespokenmoreinUzbekistanandneighboringregions, as well as the Uzbek Oghuz language in the north-western parts of the Bukhara province (Alatand Karaköldivisions),Çarcüy(Lebap),Taşavuz (North-EastTurkmenistan),centeredonKhwarezm. ),is usedamongtheUzbekpopulationofKhorasan(North-EastIran)andpartiallyinnorthernAfghanistan.Infact,theOghuztribescontributedmoretotheformationoftheUzbeks,butthefactthatthefoundersof the Turkic states established in Central Asia in the middle ages were mostly Karluk /Hakani and theirlike(e.g.Karakhanids)andKipchaknobles(e.g.UzbekKhanates)causedtheOghuzinfluencetoremaininthebackground.hasopened.Asamatteroffact,inmanyregionswheretheUzbekslive,especiallyin Khwarezm, Southern Kazakhstan (Turkistan, Karnak, Ikan, Karabulak etc.), the Nurata mountains(today’sNevaiprovince),thesouth-westernpartsofthecityofSamarkand,tracesofOghuzTurkishcanbeseenaswellastheethnotoponymofmanyOghuzclannames.Itconfirmsthatitisprotected.Again,it is interesting to see Oghuz elements in the language of the people of the Tashkent province, even if it isfaint, and that Mahmud of Kashgar recorded the Benaket (Ahangeran) valley, which forms a part of thisplace,asthe«Oghuzvalley».ThefactthatafewOghuzclannamesareincludedinthetraditionallistof«92 Uzbek tribes with 92 tribes/boys» proves that the Oghuz contributed greatly to the formation of UzbekTurks. Apart from these, there is also the opinion that the name «Uz», which is one of the Uzbek tribes andspeaks inUzbekKipchaktoday,isashortenedformofthename«Oghuz».
TheformationhistoryofQypchaksintheOldandMiddleages
Authors:   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Kossybayev M.M. , Moldabay T. ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Zhiyembay B.S. ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University
Published: January 2024

ThescienceofQypchakstudieshasformedascientificandbibliographicbaseonthebasisofscientificworksofarchaeologistsandhistorians,orientalists,andTurkologistscollectedtothisday.On the basis of this scientific literature and source materials, the article discusses the distribution of theQypchaks and the Kypchak language on the Eurasian continent in the early MiddleAges and the MiddleAges, divided into certain periods. It is clear that the main criterion for the division into these periods isinformationrelatedtothepoliticalandmilitaryactivitiesoftheTurkic-speakingnomadsinthisregion.The main object of the authors’ research is the Qypchaks and the problems of their formation. As a result,the study of the formation of the term kypchak was widely studied by foreign and domestic scientists,analyzedsemanticallyitsmeaning,determineditssemanticboundaries
«Eastern Partnership» project: current problems and development prospects
Authors:   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Madyarbekova A.B. , Kilybayeva P.K. ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University
Published: January 2024

The issues of developing the Eastern Partnership, created on the initiative of the European Union to develop integration ties with the countries of the post-Soviet space, were considered. The article analyzes the eastern dimension of European Neighborhood Policy – the Eastern Partnership (SC) based on official government documents and expert assessments. The CCS mainly refers to socio-economic cooperation. The initiative will involve EU member states and six Eastern European partner countries – Azerbaijan, Armenia, Belarus, Georgia, Moldova and Ukraine. The Eastern Partnership is aimed at the conclusion of association agreements by the countries of the post-Soviet space with the EU. The cooperation program included the states of Eastern Europe and Transcaucasia. Cooperation within the framework of the Eastern Partnership is aimed at such priority areas as economic development, strengthening of management institutions; development of contacts in the energy sector, expansion of contacts between people. In relations with partner countries, the EU looks at each individual country from the perspective of a differentiated approach policy. The main tasks of the SC are the rapprochement and deepening of cooperation between the states of Eastern Europe and the South Caucasus with the European Union, the creation of conditions for the further promotion of political community and economic integration both between the EU and the SC States and between the Rs States. The article analyzes the current stage of development of the» Eastern Partnership « and the main results of the participation of these states in the program.
Migration from Russia against the background of mobilization and their impact on the socio-economic situation of Central Asian countries
Authors:   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Kadyrbek Zh.M. , Orakbayeva U.M. ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University
Published: January 2024

In the context of the aggravation of the geopolitical situation, migration processes in the post-Soviet space are moving into a state of turbulence, which has a serious impact on the socio-economic development of the countries of Central Asia. In this regard, the urgency of the migration problem is increasing, which creates risks of deterioration in the state of the labor market, interethnic relations and the development of the shadow economy. As research methods, content analysis and a systematic method were chosen to identify the relationship between political events and migration. Thus, this study will adequately highlight the migration problem against the background of geopolitical turbulence in Central Asia in modern regional studies and analyze its “side” effects on the state of the socio-economic system. At the same time, the study is aimed at developing practical recommendations in the field of regulating migration processes in the framework of modernizing the migration policy of the countries of Central Asia.
Euroscepticism in Hungary: perspectives, current state, and features
Authors:   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Nigmanov T.A. , Tashtemkhanova R.M. ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University
Published: January 2024

The exit of the UK from the European Union, as well as the constant conflicts of Poland and Hungary with European officials, cast doubt on the existence of the EU and provoke fears about its future. The case of Hungary attracts particular attention. Official Budapest has publicly renounced democratic values. In response, Brussels threatened to withhold payments from the EU budget, and in September 2022, the European Parliament declared Hungary an electoral autocracy. All these events raise the following questions. Why did Hungary, long striving for a democratic system, abandon it? What is the attitude of the population of Hungary towards the EU and whose side does it support in conflicts with Brussels? Can Hungary leave the European Union? The authors believe that the conflict between Budapest and Brussels is explained by different values, but it will not lead to Hungary’s exit from the EU, since both sides of the conflict support the idea of a united Europe, but put different values into this idea. The main theory on which this explanation is based is constructivism. Hungary’s political system is described by some experts as an “illiberal democracy” or “electoral autocracy”. For example, we can remember the collective work of experts from the American “think tank” Brookings “The Anatomy Of Illiberal States: Assessing And Responding To Democratic Decline In Turkey And Central Europe”. However, the problem of these works lies in ignoring the socio-economic factors, which, according to the authors of the article, played an important role in the disillusionment with the democracy of the Hungarian people.
The image of Genghis Khan in Mongolia’s national ideology and historical policy
Authors:   Astana International University, Tayshanova S.T. , Olchikenova G.K. ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University
Published: January 2024

The article analyzes the image of Genghis Khan in the national ideology and historical policy of Mongolia. The study of this topic is relevant today in the context of the ongoing major geopolitical changes. In this context, it is important to note the various methods and technologies used to form the civic consciousness and national unity of Mongolians. One of the key approaches is the widespread integration of the extra-historical image of Genghis Khan into various spheres of Mongolian society. However, here it is important to distinguish between the real historical personality of Genghis Khan and the constructed image actively promoted by the contemporary leadership of Mongolia. Critical analysis of these differences allows us to better understand the nuances of collective identity formation. This issue is studied within the framework of a separate direction as Mongolology, created by the joint efforts of Russian, French, German, and British researchers of the nomadic Mongolian civilization, its original culture, and which in the last decade has become widespread in Mongolia itself. The study of the work of the last three Mongolian presidents on the image of Genghis Khan is of the greatest interest, since they personify modern Mongolia, and the period of their work covers both the heyday of democracy in the country and its contemporary crisis. It is concluded that the current president will continue to refer the Mongolian people to Genghis Khan, but no longer as a wise builder of the state, but as its inflexible and alternative ruler who ruled until his death. As practice suggests, it is big ideas that come to the aid of the ruling regime when its economic abilities are exhausted and there is nothing to present to the electorate. Thus, in modern Mongolia, the memorial canon is formed as one of the results of the historical policy pursued by the elites, in the framework of which the concept of «statehood», correlated with the category of «Mongolianness», occupies a special place.
Translation of information about Jochi and the khans of the Jochi ulus from the Turkic-language source Tavarikhi Guzidayi Nusrat-name
Authors:   Research Institute for Jochi Ulus Studies, Zhumabayeva A.A. , Sabitov Zh.M. ,   Research Institute for Jochi Ulus Studies
Published: January 2024

Translation of information about Jochi and the khans of the Jochi ulus from the Turkic-language source Tavarikhi Guzidayi Nusrat-name
«The crucial role of university accreditation in UAE’seducational policy»
Authors:   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Kairanbayev N. , Nadirova G.Ye. ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Kudaibergenova R.Ye. ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University
Published: January 2024

The article discusses the various types of quality assurance used in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and focuses on the country’s efforts to align its practices with international standards of excellence as part of higher education reform initiatives. This study’s main research question is whether or not the national accreditation strategies in the UAE can be regarded as successful and effective. The authors used comparative analysis, a literature review, and document analysis in this study. Our findings show that, unlike many other countries, higher education institutions and programs in the UAE have used variety strategies to ensure and validate their high quality of educational services. The existence of regulatory bodies and their strict evaluation processes has helped to improve the standard of education, while the lack of centralization of power and educational autonomy has allowed for the creation of a special educational system.
Experience of the historical development of the Chinese communist party
Authors:   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Lulu Wang
Published: January 2024

Since the industrial revolution, the term «modernisation» has gradually become an integral part of social development. In many countries and regions, modernisation has become not only a household word, but also a goal to strive for. Especially since the 1950s, with the spread of modernisation theory, modernisation has become a popular term. The main purpose of this article is to explore the meaning of modernisation in the sphere of national political governance, as well as the practical experience and the main role played by political parties as the main political force in the development of the country’s modernisation process. In order to achieve the research objectives, the author, using historical research method, studied in detail the historical modernization process of the Chinese state, which has achieved outstanding success in the development of national modernization, analysed the inseparable relationship between the Communist Party of China and China’s modernization, summarized its historical and practical experience
The influence of social media on the current political situation in Kazakhstan
Authors:   Astana International University, Dmitriyeva A.S. , Tulindinova Z.K. ,   Institute of Parliamentarism, Umarov A.A. ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University
Published: January 2024

The digitalization of communication means and the rapidly development of social media in the world has led to the public being better informed about key political and economic issues of public concern. This study investigated the use of social media as a transformative agent in changing the political behavior of Kazakhstanis. The author examines the interaction of civil society with the political environment of Kazakhstan through popular social networks. More specifically, special emphasis is placed on the quality of the information produced, as social media provide a wide range of opportunities for political manipulation. As a research method, we use a questionnaire of Kazakhstanis aged 18 to 50 for the data collection, where the main age range of respondents was concentrated between 18 and 25 years. It is established that the effects of social media on the political stance of Kazakhstanis increase as the majority of the respondents agreed that they decided to choose political leanings according to the information perceived from social media. The findings highlight how social media influences political views and contribute to the understanding of how social media can involve or distract society in political life of the country.
Modification of the formation of the educational policy of the Republic of Kazakhstan
Authors:   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Smyatova M.B.
Published: January 2024

The articleconsiders the literature review and theoretical aspects of education policy briefly and provides the elements which the term incorporates. It also determines the history of education policy in order to prove the changes and developments in it. Education policy includes many details about education such as budget, reforms, programs, each education place from kindergarten to universities, policy of young and old Kazakhstan, technology and materials and their effectiveness. The Kazakh were always interested in learning, studying and widening their knowledge, but USSR policy altered plenty of rules, laws and standards in education reforms. That led to advantages and disadvantages of receiving knowledge. However, the knowledge of nations has been improving. The government focused on citizens’ literacy, because there was great number of people who could not read or write including young, middle and old ages. Mostly, it concentrated the literacy of younger generation. It did not stop developing and many changes took place after become an independent country. Novel laws, rules and standards were created new education policy which universities were ranked higher, international relationship with other universities was altered, new reforms and programs brought new opportunities to exchange knowledge abroad. Foundation of education has been increased considerably and as number of students rose, the schools were built more.
APAKAH BENAR PERILAKU CYBERLOAFING AKIBAT BEBAN KERJA DAN STRES KERJA YANG BERLEBIHAN?
Authors: Pangestuari Ikhsan , Karyatun Subur , Permana Sultoni Rillo , Saratian Eko Tama Putra , Soelton Mochamad , Nurul Hidayat Tegar
Published: January 2024

In order to ascertain the effect of Burnout-mediated cyberloafing behavior on employee performance, this study will examine workload and work stress. The five divisions of the Ministry of Youth and Sports of the Republic of Indonesia that were permitted to serve as research samples made up the study's population. There were sixty employees in the sample. Purposive sampling, or the practice of acquiring samples that meet specific requirements, is the sampling approach employed in this study. A questionnaire serves as the study instrument in this survey-based data collection method. techniques for partial least squares data processing. This study demonstrates that cyberloafing behavior is significantly influenced by workload behavior. The practice of cyberloafing is not significantly impacted by job stress. Burnout is significantly impacted by workload. Burnout is significantly impacted by work stress. Cyberloafing is significantly impacted by Burnout. Both directly and indirectly, through Burnout as a mediating variable, workload affects cyberloafing. Burnout acts as a mediator variable between work stress and cyberloafing.