bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Validity of movement smoothness metrics for upper limb reaching movements in people with moderate to severe subacute stroke
Authors: CORNEC Gwenaël , LEMPEREUR Mathieu , MENSAH-GOURMEL Johanne , ROBERTSON Johanna , MIRAMAND Ludovic , MEDEE Beatrice , BELLAICHE Soline , GROSS Raphael , GRACIES Jean-Michel , REMY-NERIS Olivier , BAYLE Nicolas
Published: January 2024

Background: Movement smoothness is a potential kinematic biomarker of upper extremity (UE) movement quality and recovery after stroke; however, the validity of available smoothness metrics has not been determined in this group. We aimed to measure the responsiveness to change, reliability, convergent and criterion (concurrent and predictive) validity of several smoothness metrics.
Methods: This ancillary study of the REM-AVC trial included 31 participants with hemiparesis in the subacute phase of stroke (median time since stroke: 38 days). Assessments performed at inclusion (Day 0, D0) and at the end of a rehabilitation program (Day 30, D30) included the UE Fugl Meyer Assessment (UE-FMA), the Action Research Arm Test (ARAT), and 3D motion analysis of the UE during three reach-to-point movements at a self-selected speed to a target located in front at shoulder height and at 90% of arm length. Four smoothness metrics were computed: a frequency domain smoothness metric, spectral arc length metric (SPARC); and three temporal domain smoothness metrics (TDSM): log dimensionless jerk (LDLJ); number of submovements (nSUB); and normalized average rectified jerk (NARJ).
Results: At D30, movements were significantly shorter in duration and trajectory, straighter, faster and smoother (highest effect size for smoothness change: SPARC, 0.76). Intra-subject coefficients of variation were <10% for SPARC and LDLJ, and >30% for nSUB and NARJ. SPARC was strongly correlated with all TDSM, and the TDSM were very strongly correlated with each other. Concurrent validity at D0 was higher for SPARC than TDSM in terms of correlation with proximal UE-FMA, ARAT and index of curvature (r: 0.56, 0.68 and 0.87 respectively, all p<0.01). At D30, concurrent validity was similar between all smoothness metrics. TDSM were very strongly correlated with movement duration at D0 and D30. Finally, SPARC had the highest predictive validity among the four smoothness metrics.
Conclusions: Of the four smoothness metrics, the SPARC had the highest sensitivity to change, reliability, construct and criterion validity for the evaluation of the UE in people with moderate to severe stroke in the subacute phase. Among the TDSM, LDLJ was the most reliable.
Trial Registration: NCT01383512, https://clinicaltrials.gov/, June 27, 2011
Main Clinical Characteristics of Medication Overuse Headache
Authors: Todorovic Stefan , Ljubisavljevic Srdjan , Damjanovic Radomir
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Medication overuse headache (MOH) is a secondary headache that occurs 15 or more days per month in patients with preexisting headache. This can result from the excessive (10 or 15 days/month) use of drugs for acute or symptomatic headache therapy. Aim: To examine the relationships between demographic parameters, illnesses and habits of life, clinical type and length of previous headache and MOH and clinical features of MOH. Materials and methods: This study was conducted at the Clinic of Neurology, Clinical Center of Niš, and included 83 patients (11 men and 72 women) who were first diagnosed with MOH. The mean age of the patients in the study cohort was 40.5 ± 11.6 years. The study was performed in strict accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki after informed consent was obtained from each participant in the study. The study was approved by the local ethics committee. Results: In the study cohort, there were more women (86.7%), nonsmokers (59%), those who did not consume alcohol (95.2%), those who were physically inactive (90.4%), those who consumed caffeinated beverages (89.2%), and those with diseases of the cardiovascular (12%) or osseous joint system (10.8%). MOH was most commonly generated by chronic migraine (64%). The duration of MOH until diagnosis was 5.1 ± 5.5 years. The following MOH characteristics were observed: moderate pain (45.8%), bilateral localization (56.6%), temporal presentation (65.1%), and neck tightness (81.9%). Common (41%) and combination analgesics (48.2%) were used most frequently, 15 to 25 days per month. The impact of MOH on daily life was assessed as significant (HIT − 65.4 ± 5.5), correlating with the duration of earlier chronic headaches (r = 0.327, p = 0.003). Conclusion: MOH can be generated by the transformation of a previous chronic headache due to overuse of analgesic therapy. The MOH significantly affects all aspects of a patient's life. MOH can be prevented by educating patients by limiting the use of analgesic therapy, especially in the at-risk group (middle-aged women with chronic migraines). The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.
A Study on the Impact of Atmospheric Composite Pollutants on Air Quality and Human Health in Gansu Province under Varying Intensity Dust Storm Conditions
Authors: cao Yaqun , Ju Tianzhen , Li Bingnan , Wang Jiaqi , Li Jiachen
Published: January 2024

In order to study the impact of different intensity of sandstorm dew on air quality in Gansu Province, this paper selects sandstorm weather, sandy weather and floating dust weather, and combines the OMI data of various pollutants, ground observation data, and BenMAP-CE health modeling analysis, to explore the evolution characteristics of various pollutants under different sandstorms and dusty weather, and the impact on human health. The results indicate that during dust storms, blowing sand, and floating dust weather conditions, the maximum concentrations of PM10 in Gansu Province are 20, 7, and 4 times the threshold for mild pollution, respectively. The maximum concentrations of PM2.5 are 10, 5, and 3 times the threshold for mild pollution. Under dust storm conditions, the NO2, and O3 concentrations are 3.1 and 1.6 times the conventional values, respectively. Under blowing sand conditions, the NO2, and O3 concentrations are 2.7 and 4.1 times the conventional values. Under floating dust conditions, the NO2 and O3 concentrations are 3.1 and 1.9 times the conventional values. This study finds that based on the BenMap-CE model, the exposure-related mortality risks, including overall mortality, cardiovascular diseases, respiratory diseases, and lung cancer deaths, under the influence of dust weather in Gansu in 2021 are consistent. These risks are closely related to high concentrations of pollutants and the local population base. Therefore, paying attention to the assessment of air quality and the health of residents during dust weather is of great significance.
Machine Learning of Speckle Images Assisted Wearable Temperature Skin with Implanted Fiber Optic Sensor
Authors: SHI FANG-FEI , WANG XIN-WEI , DING KUI-HUA , FAN HAI-LONG , JIN GANG , LIANG HU , KONG LING-XIN
Published: January 2024

Machine learning based fiber optic sensing technology is expected to achieve integrated low-cost demodulation solutions in future miniaturized human temperature sensing. In this work, we proposed a machine learning of speckle images assisted wearable temperature skin with implanted fiber optic sensor. The balloon type sensor is sandwiched between two flexible Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) films and nested on a hard UV polymer cap. The volume of UV polymer cap will change with temperature, thereby driving changes in the radius of balloon shaped optical fiber. This leads to changes in the speckle pattern generated at the end of the optical fiber, which is then demodulated through machine learning. The experiment shows the speckle variation of the sensor every 0.1°C in the temperature range of 36.4°C to 37.4°C. The "SpeckleNet" regression model based on Visual Geometry Group-16 (VGG-16) is proposed, which adopts fewer convolutional and max pooling kernels, and uses fewer fully-connected layers to reduce computational complexity. The prediction accuracy of the model can reach 99.88%. The research content of this article has good application prospects in the field of human wearable temperature sensors.
Application of IUCN Red List Criteria for Regional Assessment of Some Northern Savanna Trees of Nigeria, West Africa
Authors: Nodza George Isaac , Tochukwu Eze , Igbari Aramide Dolapo , Onuminya Temitope Olabisi , Ogundipe Oluwatoyin Temidayo
Published: January 2024

Nigeria is one of the most floristic rich countries on the continent of Africa due to the variation in climate, which favors the growth of several species. Sadly, its biodiversity is one of the most threatened in the world mainly due to deforestation and various forms of unsustainable land use patterns, which are human activities. However, these anthropogenic activities are more prevalent in Nigeria's northern savanna zone (NSZ). In this study, we present the first regional Conservation assessments and Red Listing of tree species of the Northern Savanna Zone (NSZ) of Nigeria according to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) criteria and categories. We recorded 31 tree species as the most utilized in the region in the region. For the assessments, we provided the fundamental taxonomic information of each species, their local names, and uses. This study provided the extent of occurrence, area of occupancy, population size and trend, a description of habitats, ecological requirements; discussion of the threats affecting each species and their habitats. We further also inform conservation actions and research activities needed to ensure the future of the tree species and their sustainable uses. Overall, about 97% of the taxa were evaluated as threatened (41% as Endangered, 31% as critically endangered, 24% as Vulnerable, and 4% as Least Concerned). Based on this, we recommend the adoption of the risk status of the species to develop sound conservation strategies and measures for the management of flora in this inundated region
Therapeutic implementation of single-cell sequencing for dissecting colorectal cancer immune microenvironment
Authors: Li Liqi , Zhou Xiaoshu
Published: January 2024

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a highly prevalent malignancy in the digestive system around the globe that is characterized by intricate pathogenesis, progression and poor prognosis. Recent studies indicate that tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) is a crucial mediator of tumorigenesis and progression with substantial diagnostic and prognostic value, which is a complex network of malignant cells, immune cells, endothelial cells, extracellular matrix, interstitial components and various molecular factors. Therefore, comprehensive profiling of CRC-associated TIME may substantially contribute to the research on CRC pathology while accelerating pharmaceutical development for effective CRC immunotherapy. However, CRC tissues tend to exhibit high cell heterogeneity, which severely compromises the accuracy of the TIME profiling data acquired through conventional sequencing methods as they are incapable of discriminating different cell populations. Single-cell sequencing (SCS) is a novel sequencing technology capable of comprehensively characterizating individual cells at a high resolution, thereby preserving heterogeneous tissue information and the transcriptional data of rare cell populations. SCS technology-enabled profiling of CRC-associated TIME offers emerging opportunities for elucidating the pathogenesis and progression mechanisms of CRC. This work provides a comprehensive summary on the unique merits and potential breakthroughs of SCS technology in the context of CRC-associated TIME characterization, which may facilitate the development and optimization of intervention strategies for CRC in the clinics.
ALKBH5 promotes Liver hepatocellular carcinoma cell proliferation, migration and invasion by regulating TTI1 expression
Authors: Chang Qimeng , Zhou Xiang , Mao Huarong , Feng Jinfeng , Wu Xubo , Zhang Ziping , Hu Zhiqiu
Published: January 2024

Purpose
The objective of this research was to investigate the potential mechanisms of ALKBH5 in Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma (LIHC).
Methods
We examined the expression of ALKBH5 in pan-cancer and its correlation with clinical factors of LIHC. In vitro experiments were conducted to verify ALKBH5 expression in LIHC and its effect on LIHC cell proficiency. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened from LIHC patients associated with ALKBH5, and downstream genes associated with ALKBH5 were identified by bioinformatics analysis. We further examined the expression of the downstream genes and constructed a prognostic nomogram. Lastly, we analyzed the exact functions of ALKBH5 and TTI1 in LIHC cells.
Results
We found that ALKBH5 is significantly overexpressed in most pan-cancer types. In vitro experiments confirmed ALKBH5 as an oncogene in LIHC, with its knockdown suppressing the proliferation, migration, and invasion of LIHC cells. Bioinformatics analyses revealed that TTI1 is significantly positively correlated with ALKBH5. TTI1 was highly expressed in LIHC cells and has good prognostic ability for LIHC patients. Further experimental evidence confirmed that the suppression of TTI1 impeded cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, an impact partially offset by the overexpression of ALKBH5. In contrast, the promotion of these cellular progressions was observed with TTI1 overexpression but was tempered by a decrease in ALKBH5 expression.
Conclusion
In conclusion, our findings indicate that ALKBH5 may influence the proliferation, migration and invasion of LIHC by modulating TTI1 expression, providing a new direction for the treatment of LIHC.
Breaking the association between gametocidal gene(s) and leaf rust resistance gene (LrS2427) in Triticum aestivum-Aegilops speltoides derivative by gamma irradiation
Authors: R Ragini , Murukan Niranjana , Sekhon Navpreet Kaur , Chugh Chetna , Yadav Prachi , Mallick Niharika , Jha Shailendra Kumar , Tandon Gitanjali , Verma Aakriti , Agarwal Priyanka , Singh Bhupinder , Jacob Sherry Rachel , Iquebal Mir Asif , K Raghunandan , Prabhu Kumble Vinod , Tomar Shivmangal Singh , Vinod .
Published: January 2024

Utilization of crop wild relatives of wheat can be very effective in building the genetic diversity to cater to the evolving strains of disease pathogens. Aegilops speltoides is a rich source of rust resistance genes however transferring those to wheat genome can be tedious due to co-transfer and preferential transmission of undesirable genes causing gametocidal activity. Such an unholy association was observed in Triticum aestivum-Ae. speltoides derivative line Sel. 2427 which possess the broad-spectrum leaf rust seedling resistance gene (LrS2427). In situ hybridization studies revealed the presence of S genome in Sel. 2427, showing translocations to six telomeric regions involving four chromosomes. This confirms the presence of genes associated with gametocidal activity along with the beneficial LrS2427. QTLs associated with the component traits of gametocidal activity have been localized to 2A, 2D, 3D chromosomes however candidate genes for fertility were identified only in 2A and 2D chromosomes. This is in accordance with the reports of gametocidal genes mapped to 2S chromosomes in Ae. speltoides. To break the inadvertent association, F1(Agra Local X Sel. 2427) seeds were irradiated with gamma rays and leaf rust resistant mutants lacking gametocidal activity were developed. These mutants showed resistance to different races of leaf rust pathogen and showed superior agronomic performance as well. These mutants could be a great resource in wheat improvement for utilization of the leaf rust resistance gene LrS2427 without any yield penalty.
The Role of Hexokinases in Epigenetic Regulation: Altered Hexokinase Expression and Chromatin Stability in Yeast
Authors: Karri Srinivasu , Dickinson Quinn , Jia Jing , Gan Haiyun , Wang Zhiquan , Deng Yibin , Yu Chuanhe
Published: January 2024

Background. Human hexokinase 2 (HK2) plays an important role in regulating Warburg effect, which metabolizes glucose to lactate acid even in the presence of ample oxygen and provides intermediate metabolites to support cancer cell proliferation and tumor growth. HK2 overexpression has been observed in various types of cancers and targeting HK2-driven Warburg effect has been suggested as a potential cancer therapeutic strategy. Given that epigenetic enzymes utilize metabolic intermediates as substrates or co-factors to carry out post-translational modification of DNA and histones in cells, we hypothesized that altering HK2 expression-mediated cellular glycolysis rates could impact the epigenome and, consequently, genome stability in yeast. To test this hypothesis, we established genetic models with different yeast hexokinase 2 (HXK2) expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast cells and investigated the effect of HXK2-dependent metabolism on parental nucleosome transfer, a key DNA replication–coupled epigenetic inheritance process, and chromatin stability.
Results. By comparing the growth of mutant yeast cells carrying single deletion of hxk1Δ, hxk2Δ, or double-loss of hxk1Δ hxk2Δ to wild-type cells, we demonstrated that HXK2 is the dominant HXK in yeast cell growth. Surprisingly, manipulating HXK2 expression in yeast, whether through overexpression or deletion, had only a marginal impact on parental nucleosome assembly, but a noticeable trend with decrease chromatin instability. However, targeting yeast cells with 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG), a HK2 inhibitor that has been proposed as an anti-cancer treatment, significantly increased chromatin instability.
Conclusion. Our findings suggest that in yeast cells lacking HXK2, alternative HXKs such as HXK1 or glucokinase 1 (GLK1) play a role in supporting glycolysis at a level that adequately maintain epigenomic stability. While our study demonstrated an increase in epigenetic instability with 2-DG treatment, the observed effect seemed to occur independently of Hxk2-mediated glycolysis inhibition. Thus, additional research is needed to identify the molecular mechanism through which 2-DG influences chromatin stability.
CYB5D2 inhibits the malignant progression of hepatocellular carcinoma by inhibiting TGF-β expression and epithelial-mesenchymal transition
Authors: Jiang Dong , Qi Zhi , Xu Zhi-ying , Li Yi-ran
Published: January 2024

Aim
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common liver malignancy. In this study, our goal was to investigate how TGF-β and CYB5D2 function in the etiology of HCC and their potential as prognostic biomarkers.
Methods
Gene co-expression network and prognostic analysis were executed on the GSE101685 dataset, and CYB5D2 was determined to be a hub gene. Then the expression of CYB5D2 and TGF-β in HCC and their correlation were detected. In vitro experiments analyzed the effects of CYB5D2 and TGF-β on the progression of HCC. Tumor xenograft experiments were performed to detect the regulation of CYB5D2 overexpression on tumor growth.
Results
Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and expression analysis results showed that CYB5D2 can serve as a tumor suppressor in HCC. In contrast, TGF-β, which is inversely correlated with CYB5D2, was overexpressed in liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) and linked to poor patient prognosis. In vitro experiments confirmed that CYB5D2 expression was upregulated in HCC cell lines, while TGF-β expression was upregulated, and results from the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) database confirmed these findings. Functional analysis showed that CYB5D2 overexpression inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of HCC cells and induced G1 phase arrest. Furthermore, TGF-β treatment counteracted CYB5D2-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) marker expression and tumor progression. Finally, in vivo studies showed that CYB5D2 overexpression significantly reduced tumor growth, suggesting its potential anticancer activity against HCC.
Conclusion
Overall, the tumor suppressor function of CYB5D2 in HCC and its interaction with TGF-β offer fresh information on the molecular pathophysiology of HCC and possible treatment avenues.
Synthesis of silica aerogels by sol-gel method and its use as pharmaceutical carriers
Authors: Mirjalili Fatemeh , Manafi Sahebali , Kiahosseini Seyed Rahim
Published: January 2024

Today, researchers are looking for non-toxic matrices that provide preferential release, or specifically controlled release, by loading drugs in these areas. For this reason, areas such as high specific surface silica aerogels are considered, which can increase the absorption by up to 5 times and as a result, one-fifth of the usual amount of drugs can be used as a drug dose. In this research, it was tried to obtain the most desirable method of silica aerogel production with the most available and economical process by examining the sol-gel method. The results of the scanning electron microscope confirmed the production of silica aerogel with nano porosities. X-ray results showed that the produced silica aerogel had an amorphous or amorphous structure and did not have a crystalline structure. In addition, to replace anti-inflammatory which improved the solubility of drugs in the body. As a result, during this study, silica aerogel was produced by sol-gel method with nano porous porosity, and after loading in the pharmaceutical field, the structural and morphological properties were changed in the drugs that could improve the solubility process.
Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles and Comprehensive Characterization for Biomedical Applications
Authors: Doğan Sema Yiyit , Kaya Seçil , Solak Ebru Kondolot
Published: January 2024

This study details the preparation and extraction process of Origanum onites plant extract collected from Denizli, Turkey. The leaves were meticulously cleaned, dried, and ground before undergoing extraction in a water-ethanol solution using a Soxhlet Apparatus at 100 ºC for 6 h. The resulting extract was evaporated and stored for future use at + 4°C. Afterwards, the extract was utilized in the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles by adding it to a solution of silver nitrate. The impact of temperature on the synthesis of silver nanoparticles was explored across various temperature values (30 ºC, 60 ºC, and 90 ºC). Furthermore, the influence of reaction time on silver nanoparticle formation was investigated at the determined optimum temperature, with examination periods set at 60, 120, and 180 minutes. The influence of temperature on the antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity of the synthesized nanoparticles has been explored across three distinct temperature values. Characterization of the Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs) included UV–Vis Spectrophotometry for surface plasmon resonance, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) for morphological analysis, Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) for elemental composition, Particle size distribution and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) spectroscopy for interpreting chemical bonds and functional groups.
Tracing the ‘Degrowth Movement’: Insights from Academic Literature
Authors: Farooq Muzamil
Published: January 2024

Purpose: Over the years, various alternative models of innovation have surfaced globally, aiming to tackle diverse societal issues. One significant area of academic debate in this context has been 'degrowth.' This concept focuses on a fundamental reshaping of political and economic systems, advocating for a reduction in energy and resource consumption. The use of the term 'degrowth' has become more common among researchers and activists, who use it to challenge the principles and costs linked with development driven by growth. The origins of this discussion can be traced back to the early 1990s, and it has since become a focal point in debates surrounding innovation and economic policy. Over time, scholars have scrutinized the concept, connecting it to the status quo or dogma, thereby calling for the conduct of more studies in this regard. This article contributes to the examination of the degrowth discourse over the past decade within scholarly works.
Methods: Utilizing R programming, it conducts an in-depth analysis of 933 scholarly articles, revealing the core aspects of this dialogue and offering a data-driven review of the literature.
Results: The study identifies various trends within this discourse and, through sentiment analysis of the term, illustrates the increasing agreement and policy focus on degrowth over the past decade.
Conclusion: The data analysed review of literature is illustrated through various types of plots, each uncovering the different dynamics of degrowth. The article finally offers various insights about degrowth that can influence the positive development of economic and environmental policies.
Synthetic poly (4-hydroxybutyrate) as reinforcing additive to manufacture high-performance and fully biodegradable PBAT composites for foaming applications
Authors: Cui Jinyun , Wang Huaping , Chen Xinyi , Kan Ze , Li Zhibo
Published: January 2024

Poly(butylene-adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) has many advantages as a biodegradable thermoplastic polyester, but the low strength and poor processability limits its application ranges. The chemically synthetic poly (4-hydroxybutyrate) (P4HB) is a fully biodegradable polyester with high strength, good toughness and easy processing. In this study, P4HB was used to reinforce PBAT with glycidyl methacrylate grafting onto poly(4-hydroxybutyrate) (P4HB-g-GMA) as an efficient compatibilizer due to the incompatibility. The effects of P4HB-g-GMA content on the mechanical, thermal, morphological, and rheological properties of the blends were systematically investigated. The results showed that P4HB-g-GMA significantly improved the compatibility, mechanical properties and melt strength of PBAT/P4HB blends. Furthermore, different PBAT/P4HB foams were prepared by intermittent kettle foaming method using supercritical CO2 as a physical foaming agent. It was found that the volume expansion ratio and cell size of PBAT/P4HB foams increased with the content of compatibilizer.
Towards Industry-Ready Additive Manufacturing: AI-Enabled Closed-Loop Control for 3D Melt Electrowriting
Authors: Hutmacher Dietmar
Published: January 2024

Melt electrowriting (MEW) is an emerging high-resolution 3D printing technology applied in many fields including biomedical engineering, regenerative medicine, and soft robotics. The translation of the technology from academic labs to industry has been hampered by challenges such as timely experimentation, low printing throughput, poor reproducibility, and user-dependent printer operation. These issues arise because of the highly nonlinear and multiparametric nature of the MEW process. To address these challenges, we applied computer vision and machine learning (ML) to continuously monitor and analyse the process via real-time imaging, which is possible because the process uses a gap between the nozzle and collector. To collect data for training we developed an automated data collection methodology that eases the experimental time from days to hours. A feedforward neural network, working in concert with optimization methods and a feedback loop, is used to develop closed-loop control ensuring reproducibility of the printed parts. We demonstrate that machine learning allows streamlining the MEW operation via closed-loop control of the highly nonlinear 3D printing technology.
Reduced lower body muscular strength and endurance among childhood cancer survivors measured by 1-minute sit-to-stand test
Authors: Sláma Tomáš , Nigg Carina , Kurmann Reto D , Kuster Gabriela M , Poku Nana K , Scheler Eva , Kuehni Claudia E , Weid Nicolas X von der , Schindera Christina
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Impaired physical fitness is a possible late effect among childhood cancer survivors (CCS). Our study describes lower body muscular strength and endurance among adult CCS using the 1-minute sit-to-stand test (1-min STS), compares them with the general population, identifies risk factors, and describes changes over time.
Methods: In a prospective multicenter cohort study, we invited CCS ≥18 years of age, diagnosed between ages 0–20 treated in five pediatric oncology centers across Switzerland from 1976–2017 who survived ≥5 years for a 1-min STS. We collected information about lifestyle, medical history, and previous cancer treatment. Using population-based Swiss reference values, we calculated age- and sex-adjusted z-scores for 1-min STS performance and assessed the association between risk factors and 1-min STS using multivariable linear regression. We fitted a multilevel linear model to describe the longitudinal course of 1-min STS performance.
Results: We included 338 CCS of 1048 invited CCS (participation rate 32%) with median age at study of 34 years (interquartile range 26–41). Compared with the general population, mean 1-min STS z-score was half a standard deviation lower (-0.52; 95% CI -0.64– -0.40). Obesity (B = -0.56; 95% CI -0.97– -0.16), cumulative cisplatin dose (B = -0.12; 95% CI -0.21– -0.02), and cumulative cranial radiotherapy dose (B = -0.10; 95% CI -0.19– -0.01) were associated with reduced 1-min STS performance. There was no change in 1-min STS z-scores over time (B = 0.02; 95% CI -0.05–0.09). Conclusion: We found evidence for reduced lower body strength and endurance among adult CCS, suggesting the need for counseling and effective training and rehabilitation programs for maintaining daily functioning, improving cardiovascular health, and reducing morbidity for CCS.
Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Bruise in the Bovine Carcass Slaughtered Jimma Municipal Abattoir, Ethiopia
Authors: Mohammed Ahmednur Ali , Wolde Radeit , Mahamed Samatar Abshir
Published: January 2024

A cross-sectional study with random sampling was conducted from October 2022 to May 2023 on the Prevalence and associated risk factors of bruises in the bovine Carcass Slaughtered at Jimma Municipal Abattoir, Oromia regional state of Ethiopia. Accordingly, a total of 384 randomly selected slaughtered cattle were examined both during ante mortem and postmortem. The study conduction cattle slaughtered at Jimma municipal abattoir and found various anatomical bruising in 94 heads of cattle with Bruising. Atributable factors included stick beating, falling, horn trust, bite, and unknown causes. The excessive use of sticks during transport is a major cause of bruising. There were many physical abnormalities such as localized swelling, laceration, bite and abrasion. During post-mortem inspection organs were condemned due to extensive bruise on back and loin 24 (6.25%); due to bruised ribs 21 (5.5%), brisket 18(4.7%), due to bruised hip 14 (3.65%), thigh 10 (2.6%) and forequarter 7(1.82%). The P-value analysis of potential risk factors revealed that there was a statistically significant difference in age, sex and body condition between animals (p<0.05). The result of this study revealed that bruises 94(24.48%) are the major problem causing direct economic losses significantly in the study area. The study found 24.48% of bovine Carcass Slaughtered had bruises. This study found a significant difference in bruise prevalence in bovine Carcass Slaughtered, with the highest prevalence (8.9%) in cattle from stick beating and the lowest (1.8%) in cattle from unknown causes. Awareness-generating programs should be given for the farmers, butchers and abattoir workers and appropriate animal welfare control measures should be taken to stop the loss of Carcass Slaughtered es due to bruises.
Systemic and local immune responses to glioblastoma surgery help tailoring combinatory regimens
Authors: Bastiancich Chiara , Snacel-Fazy Emmanuel , Fernandez Samantha , Robert Stephane , Stacchini Roberta , Plantureux Lea , Boissonneau Sebastien , Testud Benoit , Guillet Benjamin , Debarbieux Franck , Luche Hervé , Figarella-Branger Dominique , Estève Marie-Anne , Tabouret Emeline , Tchoghandjian Aurélie
Published: January 2024

Glioblastoma (GBM), an incurable brain tumor, necessitates surgery followed by chemoradiation, but recurrences remain fatal. While regenerative responses post-tumor debulking aid healing, they also trigger time-dependent immune reactions promoting recurrence onset at resection cavity borders. Our prior work demonstrated that a nanomedicine hydrogel (GemC12-LNC) delays recurrence onset when administered post-surgery. Combining it with an immunomodulatory drug is hypothesized to enhance therapeutic outcomes. However, the post-surgical microenvironment (SMe) lacks proper characterization, hindering the development of combinatory therapies. In this study, we examined the impact of surgery on the brain and SMe, aiming to identify time frames and therapeutic targets for combinatory approaches.
Blood and magnetic resonance images of GBM patients pre- and post-surgery were analyzed to understand the systemic immune response and blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability changes following tumor debulking. Additionally, a mouse model of tumor resection was utilized for longitudinal SMe characterization through various imaging and analytical techniques. Dynamics of immune cell recruitment and localization from the brain parenchyma or periphery were examined. Transient BBB disruption post-surgery, recovering within a week, provided a systemic treatment window. Differences in immune cell composition, morphology, and spatial localization between unresected and resected tumors were identified, highlighting overexpression of pro-tumoral macrophages, border-associated macrophages and reactive microglia in resected tumors. Combining local GemC12-LNC with systemic SMAC-mimetic drug reversed this immune response, delaying post-surgical recurrence onset and increasing overall survival in GBM-bearing mice. This comprehensive study identified SMe time frames and immune cellular targets, facilitating the design of a rational combinatory treatment to delay recurrence onset.
Grammar Intervention and Its Influence on EFL Teachers' Classroom Practices: An Investigation into Teachers' Perceptions
Authors: Ghalibafan Mohammad Sadegh , Jabbarpoor Shadab , Mowlaie Bahram
Published: January 2024

Despite the agreement and progress made in researching the importance of teaching grammar and its role in language learning, certain aspects within this field have not received adequate attention from experts and researchers, leading to a knowledge gap. This study aims to examine EFL teachers' perceptions of grammar interventions in their classes and how these perceptions influence their teaching methods. The research seeks to explore the strategies and challenges faced by teachers involved in teaching grammar. To achieve this, a descriptive research design via quantitative method was implemented. Data was collected through a close-ended questionnaire to reveal teachers' beliefs and perceptions about grammar teaching and learning. A total of 102 EFL teachers, comprising of 73 females and 29 males from different universities in Tehran, Iran, participated in the study. The findings indicated that teachers' perception of grammar is aligned with their learning experiences and understanding. The teachers employed a variety of tactics and techniques to effectively teach grammar, taking into account the factors such as learners' needs, learning styles, professional levels, and other relevant considerations based on their beliefs. Consequently, the teachers had to adapt their teaching methods and approaches based on the specific needs of their learners. The findings highlighted the necessity of grammar in language learning and underscore the importance of learner-centered approaches, learner involvement, and the innovation of teaching methods in grammar instruction according to their perceptions.
Evaluation of the Amazon River Seasonal Influences on Glycerophospholipids in Wild Fish
Authors: Correia Banny , Pontes João Guilherme , Torrinhas Raquel Susana , Val Adalberto Luis , Thomas Christopher Paul , Tasic Ljubica
Published: January 2024

Glycerophospholipids (GP) are important lipids of direct relevance to health and disease, and in marine fish, they are often enriched in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) due to marine microorganisms consumption. It has been speculated that the different diets and habitats to which Amazonian fish are exposed can be ascribed to different lipid compositions, differently than those that occur in marine fish. Here, the GP in Amazonian fish is investigated to achieve nutritional value. Using mass spectrometry and multivariate statistical analysis, we investigated the GP composition of muscles and livers from nine species of wild Amazonian fish. GP profiles mainly comprised a diversity of phosphatidylcholines and varied according to eating habits, the season of capture, and tissue metabolism. In this sense, our results may help in the future aquaculture as a potential source of lipid-based nutrient supplementation to supply food to eradicate global hunger.
Approximation in scour depth around spur dikes using novel hybrid ensemble data-driven model
Authors: Singh Balraj , Minocha Vijay K.
Published: January 2024

The scouring process near spur dikes poses a threat to riverbank stability, making it crucial for river engineering to accurately calculate the maximum scour depth. However, determining the maximum scour depth has been challenging due to the intricacy of scour phenomena surrounding these structures. This research introduces a reliable ensemble data-driven model by hybridizing random tree (RT) using additive regression (AR), bagging (B), and random subspace (RSS) for predicting scour depths around spur dikes. A database of 154 experimental observations was collected from literature, with 103 and 51 observations used for training and testing subsets, respectively. A dimensionless analysis was performed on the collected dataset, selecting four variables as input variables (v/vs, y/l, l/d50, and Fd50) and ds/l as response variables. The performance comparison demonstrates that B_AR_RT has a better coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.9693, root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.1305, and Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) of 0.9692. Finally, a comparison of the best hybrid model has been done with previous studies, and sensitivity analysis is performed to determine the most influential parameter for predicting the scour depth around spur dikes.
Functional Integration of the Subregions of the Primary Motor Cortex: The
Impact of Handedness and Hemispheric Lateralization
Authors: Alahmadi Adnan A.S.
Published: January 2024

Objective::

Cytoarchitectonic mapping has revealed distinct subregions within Broadmann area 4 (BA 4) – BA 4a and BA 4p – with varying functional roles
across tasks. We investigate their functional connectivity using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI) to explore bilateral
differences and the impact of handedness on connectivity within major brain networks.

Methods::

This retrospective study involved 54 left- and right-handed subjects. We employed regions-to-regions-network rsfMRI analysis to examine the
Cytoarchitectonic mapping of BA 4a and BA 4p functional connectivity with eight major brain networks.

Results::

Our findings reveal differential connectivity patterns in both right-handed and left-handed subjects:

:

Both right-handed subjects' BA 4a and BA 4p subregions exhibit connections to sensorimotor, dorsal attention, frontoparietal, and anterior
cerebellar networks. Notably, BA 4a shows unique connectivity to the posterior cerebellum, lateral visual networks, and select salience regions.
Similar connectivity patterns are observed in left-handed subjects, with BA 4a linked to sensorimotor, dorsal attention, frontoparietal, and anterior
cerebellar networks. However, BA 4a in left-handed subjects shows distinct connectivity only to the posterior cerebellum. In both groups, the right
portion of BA 4 demonstrates heightened connectivity compared to the left portion within each subregion.

Conclusion::

Our study uncovers complex patterns of functional connectivity within BA 4a and BA 4p, influenced by handedness. These findings emphasize the
importance of considering hemisphere-specific and handedness-related factors in functional connectivity analyses, with potential implications for
understanding brain organization in health and neurodegenerative diseases.
Correlation and Performance of three Ultrasound Techniques to Stage Hepatic
Steatosis in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Shen Qianqian , Hao Yanhong , Chen Juan , Liu Qiong , Jia Haiyan , Liu Liping
Published: January 2024

Aims::

There is a need to assess the severity of steatosis caused by Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD). We explored new techniques in which
Ultrasound-Guided Attenuation Parameter (UGAP), Liver Steatosis Analysis (LiSA) and Hepatorenal Index (HRI) can be applied to the grading of
steatosis.

Materials and Methods::

We enrolled 120 patients with or without NAFLD in this study who underwent UGAP, LiSA, HRI and controlled attenuation parameter (CAP)
measurements in our hospital from September 2022 to April 2023. Spearman correlation coefficient was used to calculate the correlation between
UGAP, LiSA, HRI and CAP values, and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of UGAP,
LiSA, and HRI for different grades of steatosis.

Results::

The cohort was classified into four groups based on means of CAP: S0 (no steatosis): 30/120, S1 (mild): 30/120, S2 (moderate): 15/120, and S3
(severe): 45/120. The cut-off values and areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of UGAP, LiSA and HRI for predicting
different grades of steatosis were: S≥S1:227dB/m (AUC=0.904), 241dB/m (AUC=0.873), 1.19 (AUC=0.696); S≥S2:251dB/m (AUC=0.978),
264dB/m (AUC=0.913), 1.37 (AUC=0.770); S=S3:263dB/m (AUC=0.962), 289dB/m (AUC=0.923), 1.45 (AUC=0.809). The diagnostic efficacy
of UGAP and LiSA was significantly better than HRI, and there were statistically significant differences (all p<0.05). A strong correlation was
found between UGAP, LiSA and CAP values (UGAP: r=0.865; LiSA: r=0.810), moderate correlation between HRI and CAP values (r=0.476).

Conclusion::

Both UGAP and LiSA have a strong correlation with CAP and are more accurate than HRI in diagnosing different grades of hepatic steatosis,
which can be widely used in the diagnosis of liver steatosis.
Bir tıp fakültesi öğrencilerinde ortoreksiya nervoza eğilimi ve ilişkili faktörler: Kesitsel bir çalışma
Authors: BAYAR Beyza , ŞAHİN Mustafa Kürşat
Published: January 2024

Amaç: Sağlık alanındaki öğrenciler, son zamanlarda artan sağlıklı beslenme ve sosyal medya kullanımı trendiyle bağlantılı olarak bahsedilen ortoreksiya nervoza için risk gruplarından biridir. Bu çalışmada, tıp öğrencilerinde ortoreksiya nervoza eğilimi ve ilişkili faktörlerin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Yöntem: Bu kesitsel bir çalışmadır. Eylül- Aralık 2022 tarihleri arasında bir anket ile yürütülmüştür. Anket formunda sosyodemografik verileri ve katılımcı özelliklerini değerlendiren soruların yanında Teruel Ortoreksiya Ölçeği (TOÖ), Instagram Bağımlılık Ölçeği, Uluslararası Fiziksel Aktivite Anketi kısa formu (UFAA-KF) kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya toplam 515 tıp öğrencisi katılmıştır. Katılımcıların %53,0’ı kadındır. Öğrencilerin yaş ortalaması 19,84±1,66 yıldır. Öğrencilerin %63,3’ü Instagram kullanmaktadır. TOÖ puan ortalaması 15,1±8,5 iken Instagram Bağımlılığı Ölçeğinden alınan puanların ortalaması 39,7±14,9 bulunmuştur. UFAA-KF’ye göre öğrencilerin %31,3’ü inaktiftir. Öğrenci evinde yaşayanların, aile gelir düzeyi yüksek olanların ve diyet uygulayanların sağlıklı ortoreksiya, ortoreksiya nervoza ve TOÖ’den aldığı puan ortalamaları daha yüksektir. Ortoreksiya nervoza alt ölçeğinden alınan her bir birimlik puan artışı yaş, aile gelir düzeyi, diyet uygulama ve Instagram bağımlılığı ile artış göstermektedir. Fiziksel aktivite, kronik hastalık, sigara kullanımı, vücut kitle indeksi ve cinsiyete göre ortoreksiya eğilimi açısından farklılık yoktur. Ortoreksiya nervoza puanı arttıkça, Instagram bağımlılık ölçeği ve tüm alt boyutlarının puanları artış göstermektedir.
Sonuç: Ortoreksiya nervoza eğilimi ile Instagram bağımlılığı arasında ilişki vardır. Ama ortoreksiya nervozayı açıklamada sadece Instagram bağımlığının etkisi sınırlıdır. Ortoreksiya nervoza üzerinde etkisi olabilecek çeşitli sosyal medya platformları ve diğer faktörlerin ele alınmasına ihtiyaç olduğu görülmüştür.
DÖRDÜNCÜ SINIF ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN OKUDUĞUNU ANLAMA ÖZ YETERLİLİK ALGILARI, ÜST BİLİŞSEL FARKINDALIKLARI VE PROBLEM ÇÖZME BAŞARILARI ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİLERİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: Bayraktar Tayfun , Özçakır Sümen Özlem
Published: January 2024

Problem çözme, öğrencilerin okulda, günlük hayatta ve gelecekteki iş hayatlarında mutlu ve başarılı olabilmeleri için sahip olmaları gereken önemli bir 21. yüzyıl becerisidir. Bu çalışma dördüncü sınıf öğrencilerinin problem çözme becerilerinin okuduğunu anlama öz yeterlilik algıları ve üst bilişsel farkındalıkları ile ilişkilerini incelenmek amacıyla yapılmıştır. İlişkisel tarama modelinde gerçekleştirilen araştırma 2022-2023 eğitim-öğretim yılında yürütülmüştür. Araştırmanın örneklemi basit seçkisiz örneklemle belirlenen farklı devlet okullarında öğrenim gören 245 dördüncü sınıf öğrencisinden oluşmaktadır. Araştırmanın veri toplama araçları Problem Çözme Başarı Testi, Okuduğunu Anlama Öz Yeterlilik Algısı Ölçeği ve Üst Bilişsel Farkındalık Ölçeğidir. Veri analizinde betimsel istatistikler, ANOVA, çoklu regresyon ve Scheffe kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda dördüncü sınıf öğrencilerinin okuduğunu anlama öz yeterlilik algıları ve üstbilişsel farkındalıklarının matematik başarılarına göre anlamlı olarak farklılaştığını ortaya çıkmıştır. Çoklu regresyon analizi sonuçları okuduğunu anlama öz yeterlilik algısı ile üst bilişsel farkındalığın birlikte problem çözme başarısındaki varyansın % 16’sını açıkladığını ortaya koymuştur. Ayrıca üst bilişsel farkındalığın okuduğunu anlama öz yeterlilik algısına göre problem çözme başarısı üzerinde daha etkili bir değişken olduğu bulunmuştur.
ÜNİVERSİTE ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN AKADEMİK MÜKEMMELİYETÇİLİKLERİ İLE BAĞLANMA STİLLERİ ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİ
Authors: Gediz Ceyda Nur , Gülas Hatice , Fırat Kübra , Kaplan Sümeyye , Şahin Kübra , Yıldız Sibel , Gümüş Yurdagül , Kaya Yağmur
Published: January 2024

Bu araştırmada üniversite öğrencilerinde bağlanma stilleri ile akademik mükemmeliyetçilik düzeyleri arasında anlamlı bir ilişkinin olup olmadığı incelenmiştir. Bununla birlikte bu değişkenlerin çeşitli sosyo-demografik özelliklere göre farklılaşması ele alınmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu Türkiye’nin 59 farklı ilinden 366 üniversite öğrencisi (239 kadın, 127 erkek) oluşturmaktadır. Veri toplama araçları olarak Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Kişilerarası İlişkilerde Bağlanma Stilleri Ölçeği, Akademik Mükemmeliyetçilik Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Veriler bağımsız örneklem t testi ve korelasyon analizi aracılığıyla analiz edilmiştir. Analiz sonuçlarına göre kadınların akademik mükemmeliyetçilik seviyeleri erkeklerin akademik mükemmeliyetçilik seviyelerinden istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir biçimde daha yüksek olduğu bulunmuştur. Saplantılı- Kaygılı bağlanma alt boyutunda ise cinsiyete göre anlamlı bir farklılık saptanmıştır. Bu anlamlı farka göre erkeklerin saplantılı-kaygılı bağlanma düzeyleri, kadınların saplantılı-kaygılı bağlanma düzeylerinden istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir biçimde daha yüksektir. Öğrenim düzeyleri ile ilgili veriler yeterli dağılımı gösteremediği için öğrenim durumuna göre akademik mükemmeliyetçilik ve bağlanma stillerinde farklılaşma olup olmadığı ile ilgili bulgulara bakılamamıştır. Yapılan korelasyon analizi sonucunda, akademik mükemmeliyetçilik ile güvenli bağlanma arasında negatif yönde anlamlı bir ilişki varken; akademik mükemmeliyetçilik ile saplantılı-kaygılı bağlanma ve kaçınmacı bağlanma arasında pozitif yönde anlamlı bir ilişkinin olduğu tespit edilmiştir.