bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cultural Humility and Psychedelics: A Framework Analysis of Psychedelic-Assisted Therapy Manuals and Practice Guidelines
Authors: Bell Ayanna K. , Watt Bianca R. , Flores Arturo S. Lopez , Rodriguez Stephanie R. , Smith Darron T. , Stauffer Christopher S.
Published: February 2025

Background
Cultural biases within healthcare systems result in inequitable treatment, harms, and mistrust—particularly for individuals with marginalized identities. Cultural humility training is dynamic, reflective, and emphasizes person-centered care and mutual respect. Psychedelic-assisted therapy (PAT) is an emerging modality for treating psychiatric disorders. Practice manuals and clinical guidelines are crucial for standardizing PAT and for attending to PAT’s unique sensitivity to set and setting, including cultural aspects of care.
Methods
This study investigates the integration of multicultural principles into PAT by analyzing open-source PAT manuals/guidelines against the Multicultural Guidelines established by the American Psychological Association (APA) in 2017. Using framework analysis, two pairs of reviewers assessed the alignment of the PAT manuals/guidelines’ language with the APA guidelines and evaluated their applicability for training therapists to conduct PAT with cultural humility.
Results
Results revealed that while the five manuals/guidelines analyzed exhibit varying degrees of alignment with the guidelines, none provide teachable instructions for delivering culturally responsive care.
Conclusions
Our findings highlight significant gaps in PAT practice manuals and guidelines and underscore the need for a more comprehensive approach to training PAT facilitators. Addressing these shortcomings is essential for advancing equitable PAT for diverse populations. Future efforts should prioritize integrating cultural humility into PAT frameworks to optimize therapeutic outcomes for all.
The role of mutations, addition of amino acids and exchange of genetic information in co-evolution of primitive coding systems
Authors: Pawlak Konrad , Blazej Pawel , Mackiewicz Dorota , Mackiewicz Pawel
Published: February 2025

The standard genetic code (SGC) is a crucial system for encoding biological information but its evolution remains still unresolved and is a topic of debate. Thus, we used a methodology based on the evolutionary algorithm to investigate the emergence of stable coding systems. The simulation started with a population of various primitive genetic codes, which encoded ambiguously only a small number of amino acids (labels). These codes were subjected to a selection process for the accuracy of reading genetic information and increasing coding potential as well as mutation modelled by the changing assignment of the labels to codons, the stepwise introduction of new amino acids into the codes and the exchange of information between the co-evolving coding systems. The evolution converged towards stable and unambiguous coding systems with the higher coding capacity necessary for the production of more diversified proteins. An important factor was the exchange of the encoded information between the evolving codes, which substantially shortened the simulation time to produce the genetic codes encoding 21 labels. The findings highlight key factors that may have shaped the structure of the current genetic code.
High iodine groundwater in the lower Kuitun River in Xinjiang: Evidences from stable carbon isotopes characteristics
Authors: Chao Bo , He Jiale , Luo Yanli , Dong Lele , Zhang Qian , Xie Xinzhe , Wang Meijuan , Song Zhen , Liu Xuan
Published: February 2025

The ubiquitous presence of high-iodine groundwater poses a risk to human health. Degradation of organic matter through microbial activities is an important process of iodine enrichment in groundwater systems. The stable carbon isotope ratios of groundwater have certain indicative significance for understanding the formation process of high-iodine groundwater. This study aimed to explore the role of microbiological processes in enriching iodine in high-iodine groundwater downstream of the Kuitun River in China and employed stable carbon isotopes to assess the influence of organic matter biodegradation on groundwater iodine enrichment. The results showed that all groundwater in our study area exhibited reducing conditions and was weakly alkaline, primarily consisting of slightly saline water with dominant anions and cations being Cl- and Na+, respectively. The concentration of I- in groundwater ranged from 51.66 to 552.79 µg/L, with an average of 177.68 µg/L. Approximately 61.54% of the groundwater was highly enriched in iodine. Dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) concentration in groundwater ranged from 22.97 to 100.85 mg/L, primarily due to microbial degradation of organic matter and weathering dissolution of silicate minerals, primarily consisting of HCO3-. DOC concentration ranged from 2.01 to 4.22 mg/L, mainly originating from C3 plants. In reducing environments with abundant organic matter in aquifers, microbial involvement in organic matter decomposition and reducible dissolution of iron minerals were the primary hydro-biogeochemical processes leading to the release of solid-phase iodine in aquifers and its migration into groundwater. The model for the origin of high-iodine groundwater in the study area was of the burial-dissolution type.
Armed Conflict and Depression: a comparative longitudinal study in two Colombian populations
Authors: Londoño Jairo Franco , Gomez German Alberto Moreno , Ramirez Oscar Mauricio Castaño , Ramirez Juan Dario Franco , Gomez Mateo Moreno , Gomez Juanita Moreno
Published: February 2025

Background
depressive disorders rank among the most prevalent diseases globally and are the 13th leading cause of years lost due to disability. Exposure to violence, particularly in areas affected by armed conflict, is a significant risk factor for depression. This study examines the prevalence of depressive symptoms in two populations: San Félix (exposed) and San José (non-exposed), across three key periods: before, during, and after the Colombian peace agreement.
Methods
this longitudinal study utilized repeated measures in independent groups. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Zung and Conde scale in 2004, 2018, and 2020. Univariate and bivariate analyses described population characteristics, while repeated measures ANOVA evaluated differences in depressive symptoms across years and localities.
Results
in 2004, the prevalence of depressive symptoms was 29.8% in San Félix and 23.2% in San José. By 2018, these figures decreased to 17.8% and 14.0%, respectively (p < 0.05). However, by 2020, prevalence increased to 28.4% in San Félix and 15.8% in San José (p = 0.004). A significant association between female sex and depressive symptoms was noted (p = 0.012). Repeated measures analysis indicated statistically significant differences across localities (p = 0.0092), survey years (p = 0.000), and their interaction (p = 0.0002).
Conclusions
this study highlights the association between armed conflict exposure and increased depressive symptoms, with notable prevalence in women. These findings emphasize the need for targeted mental health interventions and support strategies to effectively address the challenges faced by all affected populations in conflict-affected regions.
Letramento visual no ensino de libras: uma análise de elementos multimodais utilizados por alunos surdos em Apodi - RN
Authors:   , Ferreira João Batista Neves
Published: February 2025

A seguinte pesquisa consiste na análise do letramento visual por alunos surdos em uma escola pública do interior do Rio Grande do Norte, que enfrenta grandes desafios para oferecer metodologias específicas de ensino para o processo de aprendizagem da Libras, ancorada no conceito de letramento visual para explicar novas práticas de ensino em Libras. Esses alunos identificaram a imagem visual, detalhada e perceptivamente, principalmente quando analisamos a Língua Brasileira de Sinais (Libras) como primeira língua (L1). Pensando em uma proposta visual experimental na sala de aula, propomo-nos a descrever como ocorre o letramento visual de surdos no processo de ensino-aprendizagem da Libras, considerando os elementos multimodais e o material didático utilizado. Embasamo-nos nas discussões sobre os elementos multimodais (KRESS; VAN LEEUWEN, 2006; ROJO, 2012; GNL, 1996), letramento visual (OLIVEIRA, 2006; LEBEDEFF, 2004; 2005; 2010; ROCHA, 2008; DONDIS, 2007; SANTAELLA, 2012) e material didático (SOLANGE, 2010; GESSER, 2012) e ensino-aprendizagem da Libras como L1 (FELIPE, 1988; 1992; 2006; BRITO, 1993; QUADROS, 1997). A metodologia, de cunho exploratório, consistiu na preparação de aulas, nas quais atentamo-nos à observação e ao registro de oito encontros nas aulas de Libras numa turma de AEE, no município de Apodi-RN, e à análise do material didático no ensino de Libras para os alunos surdos. Dentre os instrumentos metodológicos, aplicamos questionários ao professor e aos alunos da turma, os quais também serviram de corpus. Os resultados demonstram a preocupação com metodologias que envolvam a realidade do aluno para as novas aprendizagens, que vão desde o conhecimento da língua de sinais até mesmo práticas sociais em outros ambientes para além da escola. Dessa forma, apresentamos como metodologias algumas estratégias visuais por meio da análise das discussões acerca dos elementos multimodais e os resultados do contexto escolar experiencial de letramento nos quais os alunos surdos aprenderam, naturalmente, as propostas de ensino de Libras amparadas pelo letramento visual.
Cytokine and Oxidative Stress Imbalances in Relation to Complex Coronary Lesions in Elderly Patients
Authors: Li Xia , zhao Yongjuan , Zhou Hualan , Hu Youdong , Chen Ying , Guo Dianxuan
Published: February 2025

Background:

Complex coronary lesions have been an understudied aspect of coronary
artery disease in elderly patients. Oxidative stress and inflammation may be implicated in the pathogenesis
of complex coronary lesions.

Objective:

The aim of this study is to investigate the complex interplay between pro-oxidative stress
response, pro-inflammatory response, and complex coronary lesions in elderly patients.

Methods:

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for the detection of serum biomarkers [reactive
oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interferon-gamma
(IFN-γ), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), transforming growth
factor beta (TGF-β) and interleukin-4 (IL-4)] were performed in elderly patients with complex coronary
lesions.

Results:

The levels of pro-oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory markers (ROS, MDA, TNF-α and
IFN-γ) were increased in the complex coronary lesion group when compared with the non-complex
coronary lesion group (P < 0.01) in elderly patients. Anti-oxidative stress and anti-inflammatory
markers (SOD activity, TAC, TGF-β, and IL-4) were decreased in the complex coronary lesion group
when compared with the non-complex coronary lesion group (P < 0.01) in elderly patients.

Conclusion:

Our findings suggest that the pathogenesis of complex coronary lesions may involve
pro-oxidant/anti-oxidant and pro-inflammation/anti-inflammation imbalance, as well as the interplay
between oxidative stress and inflammation in elderly patients.

other:

No
Synergistic Warriors: Design and Synthesis of Dual-Acting Schiff-Based Threaded 1,2,3-Triazole Hybrids for Potent Antineoplastic and Anti-Mycobacterial Activities
Authors: Walhekar Vinayak , Kulkarni Raghavendra , Nuli Mohana Vamsi , Garige Anil Kumar , Deore Dharmesh , Pawar Ritesh , Patil Ashwini , DVRN Bhikshapathi , Santosh Karajagi , Kulkarni Ravindra
Published: February 2025

Objective:

In the pursuit of identifying divergent scaffolds for potential anticancer and
anti-mycobacterial agents, a novel series of Schiff-based threaded 1,2,3-triazoles was designed and
synthesized.

Methods:

In this study, novel Schiff-based threaded 1,2,3-triazoles have been meticulously crafted
and synthesized. Chemical structures of the synthesized molecules were confirmed by 1H NMR,
13C NMR and Mass spectra. Synthetic analogs were further evaluated for their antiproliferative,
antitubercular and antimicrobial potentials by in vitro assays.

Results:

The in vitro anti-tumor (anti-proliferative) evaluation on HT29 cancer cells revealed that
compounds 8b and 8h exhibited remarkable inhibitory activity with IC50 values of 25±0.8 and
24±0.9 μM. In the context of anti-mycobacterial analysis, compound 8c demonstrated promising
activity (6.25 μM) against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv. Moreover, compounds 8d and 8e
displayed equipotent antimicrobial potential (3.12 μM) comparable to Ciprofloxacin against both
Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Molecular docking studies unveiled that 8c exhibited
robust binding within the active pocket of carbonic anhydrase XII (docking energy -8.4 kcal/mol)
and demonstrated a promising docking profile with β-ketoacyl ACP synthase I (docking energy -
9.5 kcal/mol) in the enzyme's binding pocket.

Conclusion:

Structure-activity relationship (SAR) analysis identified three pivotal pharmacophores;
1,2,3-triazole, aromatic ring system (substituted with halogens and -NO2), and imine functionalities
as crucial for the development of dual inhibitors targeting cancer and tuberculosis, showcasing
an outstanding in silico ADMET profile. Therefore, these compounds merit consideration as
noteworthy pharmacological lead molecules in the realm of cancer and tuberculosis drug discovery
and development.
A Review on Nanoparticle-Mediated Drug Delivery for Targeted Cancer Therapy: Impact of Lyophilization on Formulation Stability
Authors: Vyas Dhruvi , Panjwani Drishti , Patel Shruti , Ahlawat Priyanka , Dharamsi Abhay , Patel L. D. , Patel Asha
Published: February 2025

Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. Despite continuous efforts made to improve the shortcomings of the conventional approach, it remains formidable with high mortality. Contrary to the traditional approach, targeted therapies have emerged as a solution to fight against cancer. Nanoparticles containing targeted moiety have emerged as a cornerstone in cancer therapy. However, nano-cargo-based targeted therapy mainly involves biological molecules, such as nucleic acids, pro-teins, and immunomodulators, which target the mechanism involved in deranging cancer. Therefore, these biologically active molecules and their drug products require long-term stability inside and out-side the body that can be enhanced using lyophilization and molecular recognition techniques. The paper attempts to provide a general overview of medication administration via nanoparticles for tar-geted cancer treatment and the effect of lyophilization on the stability of the formulation. This com-prehensive review explores cutting-edge advancements in the fabrication of nanoparticles with an extensive range of methods and updated insights into lyophilization to improve the physicochemical characteristics of nanoparticles. The lyophilized process' development, scaling up, and transfer ne-cessitate a number of NP formulation considerations as well as an optimized freeze-drying procedure to provide a high-quality cancer product. The review highlights the critical findings of in vitro and in vivo studies that have shown a strong and significant impact of lyophilization on the stability of na-noparticles, resulting in long shelf-life and potential biological response in cancer treatment. In sum-mary, drug delivery using nanoparticles is a revolutionary strategy for treating cancer that requires stability and endurance for improved therapeutic results. The convergence of freeze drying in nano-based oncology can enhance the stability with a strong impact on cellular uptake by maintaining the intact concentration with less aggregation. This technique can have high potential for hybrid nano-particles conjugated with biomolecules and improve the function of macromolecules, like proteins, antibodies, and nucleic acids, for cancer treatment.
Transporter Associated with Antigen Processing
Proteins (TAP-1 and TAP-2) Gene Expression
of MHC-I Downregulated in Oral Squamous
Carcinoma
Authors: Singh Vijay , Dwivedi Shailendra , Agrawal Ruchika , PS Mohan Raj , Bansal Akash , Agarwal Akash , Misra Sanjeev
Published: February 2025

Background:

TAP-1 and TAP-2 are crucial proteins for loading antigenic peptides after
proteasome-mediated endogenous processing of the MHC-I (Major Histocompatibility Complex-
I) pathway. Our study aimed to explore the Transporter Associated with Antigen Processing
proteins (TAP-1 and TAP-2) in oral squamous cell carcinoma and premalignant oral lesions.

Methods:

We recruited a total of 135 subjects from the outpatient department of the ENT unit of
our institute. Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) was used to evaluate the levels of
TAP-1 and TAP-2 gene expression in pre-cancerous and oral squamous carcinoma samples. Additionally,
we measured the circulating levels of inflammatory markers using an automated biochemistry
analyzer.

Results:

In the current study, we found that the subjects with oral squamous cell carcinoma had
lower expressions of the TAP 1 and TAP 2 genes than precancerous oral subjects of OSMF, leukoplakia,
and OLP. In oral squamous carcinoma subjects, we found a 1.7- and 2.1-fold change in
gene expression of TAP-1 and TAP-2, respectively, compared to control subjects. Furthermore,
we observed an increase in levels of metabolic inflammatory biomarkers of CRP, ESR, and ferritin
in oral squamous carcinoma subjects compared to premalignant cases and controls, indicating
the presence and aggravation of systemic inflammation.

Conclusion:

The study revealed that subjects with oral squamous cell carcinoma have lower TAP
1 and TAP 2 gene expression than premalignant control subjects, thus affecting MHC-I processing,
which ultimately affects the functioning of the immune system. These results have the potential
to improve our understanding of disease pathophysiology and provide more targeted treatment
options.
Halo-tolerant Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria Enhancing Mustard Seed Growth Under Salinity Stress for Sustainable Agriculture
Authors: Sharma Kusum , Sharma Pawan Kumar , Prasad S Rajendra , Singh Anupam , Jain Divya , Singh Sachidanand
Published: February 2025

Introduction:

Salinity is one of the primary environmental factors that significantly
impact global crop production. Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) inoculation
to crops improves the productivity of the crops.

Method:

To develop a biofertilizer specifically for saline soil, bacteria were isolated from
the rhizosphere of mustard plants along with the plant growth-promoting traits grown in
saline soil (EC 6 dS m). Halotolerant 22 bacterial strains were isolated and identified
from the rhizospheric soil mustard crop, Purvanchal (Indian state). According to the
study, 54.54% of the isolates had phosphate solubilization efficiencies ranging from 7%
to 27% on plate assays. According to quantitative measurements, 63.63% of the strains
exhibited the ability to solubilize phosphate, with degrees of solubilization varying between
0.49 and 3.34 μg/ml. Furthermore, 50% of the isolates showed the ability to solubilize
zinc, with solubilization rates varying from 12% to 53%. Further 59.09% of the
bacterial strains showed ammonium production test; these strains were classified as having
low (+), medium (++), and high (+++) levels of ammonium production.

Result:

According to the research, these halo-tolerant plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria
(PGPR) have particular functional properties that may help mustard crops grow
more rapidly in salinity-stressed environments. Because these PGPR strains increase nutrient
availability and stimulate plant development, they may find use in agriculture, especially
in saline settings.

Conclusion:

The study emphasizes how crucial it is to use PGPR with particular nutrient
mobilization features to promote crop growth under difficult circumstances.
Persistent Respiratory Symptoms Post-COVID Virus Infection in a Sample of Iraqi Medical Students
Authors: Mahdi Batool Mutar , Akbar Zainab Muthanna , Mohammed Dima Ali , Amer Rafal Qassim , Fareed Aya Haider
Published: February 2025

Background:

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is one of
the deadly viruses first reported in Wuhan City, Hubei province, China, and is responsible for causing
the pandemic. The World Health Organization (WHO) declared a health emergency worldwide
on January 30th and a pandemic on March 11th, 2020. Persistent respiratory symptoms of COVID-19
can vary significantly between individuals, including respiratory symptoms like dyspnea, chronic
cough, chest pain, fatigue, sore throat, bronchitis, sleep disturbance, etc.

Objectives:

This study aimed to determine the frequency of persistent respiratory symptoms after
COVID-19 infection.

Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted from December, 2022 to April, 2023, to assess the
frequency of respiratory symptoms post-COVID-19 infection among the medical and non-medical
students who were infected with COVID-19, whether vaccinated or not.

Results:

The study included 382 medical students from the Al-Kindy College of Medicine, University
of Baghdad, who participated in this study. Most were females, i.e., 72 %, and the rest were males,
which were 28 %. Most of the students were vaccinated (95.3 %) with Pfizer/BioNTech COVID-19
vaccines (71.7 %) with two doses (71.2 %). The students were infected with COVID-19 and some of
them were infected before vaccination (62.6 %) and the rest (21.7 %) after vaccination. After their
recovery from COVID-19, whether vaccinated or not, they had respiratory symptoms and other clinical
manifestations. Regarding respiratory symptoms, intermittent cough (47.4%), dry cough
(46.6%), and chronic cough (40.6%) were the most common respiratory symptoms that persisted for
sixty days. Among other symptoms, headache was the most common one (39.5%), followed by fever
(22.5%).

Conclusion:

The most common respiratory symptoms were intermittent cough, dry cough, and
chronic cough that persisted for sixty days.
B. D. Dandaron: Life Dedicated to Spiritual Perfection
Authors:   Dorzhi Banzarov Buryat State University, Akhmadulina Svetlana Z. , Badmatsyrenov Timur B. ,   Dorzhi Banzarov Buryat State Universit
Published: February 2025

Introduction. The life of Bidya Dandarovich Dandaron is the path of a spiritual adept, teacher, philosopher, Buddhologist, Tibetologist, yogi and master of Buddhist tantra, a man who made a great contribution to the spread of Buddhism in the Soviet period. On the example of the tragic fate of B. D. Dandaron it is possible to trace the development of the religious policy of the Soviet state towards Buddhism. The purpose of the article is to study the biography of B. D. Dandaron and the activities of his followers through the prism of spiritual movement. Materials and methods. The main sources for the studying were the family archive materials, stories and memories of relatives, friends and students who were part of the B. D. Dandaron's “Secular Sangha”. Results. The biographies of B. D. Dandaron and his spiritual teacher Lubsan Sandan Tsydenov, the stages of their training and becoming major religious figures are considered. The role of Bidya Dandaron and his disciples in the formation of the “Secular Sangha” is described in detail. Attention is paid to the current state of the group of Dandaron’s followers. Conclusions. The results of the study allow us to conclude that Bidya Dandarovich Dandaron made a serious contribution to the spread of Buddhism in the Soviet period, in particular the Buddhist teachings among the disciples — natives of the European part of Russia. Bidiya Dandarovich’s life, his close interaction with the Russian intelligentsia, the European civilization and education became the foundation for the spread of Buddhism among the Russian believers and the penetration of the values of the Western world into Buryat Buddhism. The religious-philosophical basis of the Eurasian synthesis in the Buryat intelligentsia's worldview was laid thanks to Bidiya Dandarovich Dandaron.
Beijing Edition of Ganjur from the Tibetan Collection of the Institute for Mongolian, Buddhist and Tibetan Studies of the Siberian Branch of the RAS
Authors:   Institute for Mongolian, Buddhist and Tibetan Studies of the Siberian Branch of the RAS, Bazarov Andrey A. , Batomunkueva Soelma R. ,   Institute for Mongolian, Buddhist and Tibetan Studies of the Siberian Branch of the RAS
Published: February 2025

ntroduction. The article is devoted to the study of the Beijing edition of Ganjur from the collection of the Tibetan fund of the Institute for Mongolian, Buddhist and Tibetan Studies of the Siberian Branch of the RAS. The relevance of the study is concerned with the need to study and record Buddhist canonical collections of different editions stored in various Russian funds, which will create favorable conditions for further comparative studies. As the quintessence of Buddhist teaching, the Buddhist canon is of great importance in religious, source studies and archaeographic research. The purpose of the work is to introduce into scientific circulation the collection of Ganjur of the Beijing edition kept in the Tibetan fund of the Institute for Mongolian, Buddhist and Tibetan Studies of the Siberian Branch of the RAS as well as to review structural analysis and its printing features. Methods. The authors, believing that written monuments of Buddhism are the indicator and the result of not only intellectual (also physical in this case) labor, but also considering that its creation and functioning formed the pro-Buddhist zeitgeist of that era, used the methods of “cognitive history”. Beijing editions of Ganjur occupy a special place among other canonical editions. It was from 1410 — the time of creation of the first xylographic edition of the Ganjur — that the history of interconnected Beijing editions began, patronized by the emperors themselves and forming a favorable climate for the development of Buddhism in the regions. Conclusions. The introduction of this edition into scientific circulation enriches the domestic bibliographic base of studies of Buddhist canonical investigations. The preliminary work with the collection confirms the importance of the archaeographic representation of this edition with the successive demonstration of the historical and socio-cultural significance of the Beijing Ganjur from the Institute for Mongolian, Buddhist and Tibetan Studies of the Siberian Branch of the RAS. The work with the collection revealed certain problems in establishing the history of this complex source.
Kalmyk Movable Types Made in Saint Petersburg
Authors:   Kalmyk Scientific Center of the RAS, Uspensky Vladimir L. , Yakhontova Natalia S. ,   Institute of Oriental Manuscripts of the RAS
Published: February 2025

Introduction. In the 19th and early 20th centuries a considerable number of books, articles, brochures and commercial advertisements in the Kalmyk language were printed in Russia using the movable type of the font known as the “clear script”. This printing in Kalmyk took place in St. Petersburg, Kazan and Astrakhan. The aim of this article is to figure out the history of the creation of the Kalmyk movable type and its different modifications and fonts types. The article is based on the available printed books and documents kept in different scientific libraries of St. Petersburg such as Gorky Scientific Library of St. Petersburg State University; the Library of the Institute of Oriental Manuscripts of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the National Library of Russia. Conclusion. The Kalmyk movable type was first used in 1814. It was made in St. Petersburg for printing Christian literature at the request of the Russian Bible Society. Two kinds of fonts types were produced for the Bible Society: the bigger and the smaller. The latter was used in the 1840s in Kazan for printing scholarly works on the Kalmyk language. Later two more kinds of Kalmyk font types were made in St. Petersburg bringing the total number of fonts to four.
Civil Status Record Books of the 1940s and 1950s the Important Historical and Demographic Source (based on the materials of the Altai Territory)
Authors:   Kalmyk Scientific Center of the RAS, Karueva Margarita D. , Vaskina Angelika Yu. ,   Kalmyk Scientific Center of the RAS
Published: February 2025

Introduction. The books of civil status records are the primary statistical accounting documents, an important source for the demographic history of a particular nation, subject to the Russian Federation. The demographic history of the Kalmyk people during the exile period is difficult to reconstruct due to the lack of the access to the sources that allow us to study this process comprehensively. The purpose of this work is to study the historical source of the books of civil status records (“assembly records”) and the possibility of their use for the demographic history of the Kalmyk people during the deportation period using the example of the Altai Territory. Materials and methods. The material for the study were the individual records of the books of civil status records (“assembly records”) in an impersonal form (with certain omitted data), as well as the responses to the inquiries and field materials received during the expedition in the Altai Territory. In the course of the research, a source analysis was carried out, which made it possible to identify the features and establish the value of the archival documents — books of state registration records as sources of historical demography of Kalmyks special settlers. Results. This article examines the books of the civil status records that register the fact of death as a documentary source for analyzing the demographic history of the Kalmyk people during their exile in the Altai Territory. It has been revealed that the primary document for accounting the natural movement of the population cannot be used as the main source, in addition, such documents should not be used as material for identifying certain patterns or trends. This type of document can only be used as an additional source for studying specific facts, for example, to study the accounting features of special settlers.
Buddha in the Mythological Tradition of the Oirats
Authors:   B. B. Gorodovikov Kalmyk State University, Bicheev Baazr A. , Dashzeveg Urnukhdelger ,   Khovd branch of the Mongolian National University
Published: February 2025

Introduction. The article is devoted to the study of the religious and mythological tradition of the Oirats, which underlies their ethnic worldview. The purpose of the study is to identify the relationship of different stages in the structure of archaic myths that appeared after the Oirats adopted the Buddhism. Materials and methods. The main material of the study are samples of the Oirats’ myths of Xinjiang, published in folklore collections and periodicals in “clear writing” in the second half of the last century. The analysis of such samples of oral creativity necessitates the use of not only traditional methods of studying oral literature, but also an interdisciplinary approach that allows us to identify the regular processes that ensures the selection and preservation of certain plots and the stability of the religious and mythological tradition. Results. Historical and cultural ties of the Oirats go deep into the ancient history of the Turco-Mongol peoples of Central Asia. As a result, in their mythology and fairy-tale folklore we can see different layers of archaic myths, ancient religious views and Buddhist mythology. In the content of a number of mythological and fairy-tale plots, in which the intersection of moral and religious principles of Buddhism with oral tradition is observed, the characters are both Buddha himself and other deities of the Buddhist pantheon. Analysis of the texts of Oirat myths shows that the coexistence of the oral artistic system with Buddhist literature led to the natural introduction of the Buddhist view of the world into all aspects of the spiritual life of the Oirat ethnic group, including the structure and content of archaic myths.
Effect of lipopolysaccharide on body physiological responses
Authors: Yousefvand Shiba , Hamidi Farshid , Parham Abbas
Published: February 2025

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is an important compound with pathogenic properties. LPS is considered a bacterial endotoxin, and the body induces widespread inflammation responses by stimulating the immune system through blood cells and synthesizing proinflammatory cytokines. After entering the circulation, these proinflammatory cytokines affect different body organs and induce systematic inflammation. Proinflammatory cytokines also enter the brain through the periventricular hypothalamus (PeVH) and by affecting microglia and astrocytes; they stimulate the brain's immune response. After the induction of systemic and central inflammation, the animal sickness behavior appears. In this review, we are going to investigate the peripheral and central effects of LPS-induced inflammation on different animal species.
Ai-Studios
Authors: Rana Jignesh
Published: February 2025

Ai-Studios, a system that combines large language models with Stable Diffusion techniques to craft captivating poems
and stories based on user prompts. This innovative system begins with user-provided prompts and offers the choice between
poetry and narratives. Advanced language models generate rich textual content, forming the foundation of our creative journey.
To translate this text into visually stunning experiences, Stable Diffusion models transform each sentence into vivid images with
high accuracy. By using cross-attention layers, these models offer flexibility in responding to different inputs, such as text or
bounding boxes, enabling high-resolution image synthesis. The resulting images are seamlessly woven into a video sequence,
transitioning between visual narratives. To enhance the experience, we add audio using Text-to-Speech, creating a harmonious
fusion of text, images, and sound. Ai-Studios represents a significant advancement in text-to-video synthesis, offering a unique
way to bring words to life. With its user-friendly interface, it's a valuable tool for artists, storytellers, and anyone looking to
unleash their creativity in the digital realm
REDUCTION OF WHEELED HARVESTERS TECHNOGENEOUS EFFECT ON SOIL
Authors:   Far Eastern State Agrarian University, Shchitov S.V. , Kuznetsov E.E. ,   Far Eastern State Agrarian University, Krivutza Z.F. ,   Far Eastern State Agrarian University, Panova E.V. ,   Far Eastern State Agrarian University, Polikutina Е.S. ,   Far Eastern State Agrarian University, Mitrokhina O.P. ,   Far Eastern State Agrarian University, Kachko S.Yu. ,   Far Eastern State Agrarian University
Published: February 2025

Efficiency of serial wheeled harvesters depends largely on the period of its use during
harvesting season, as it influences directly the operation time. It is necessary to take into
account the fact that the period of use of wheeled harvesters depends on the climatic conditions in which it is operated. In the Amur Region, at the time of harvesting soil bearing capacity is weak, so it is difficult to use wheeled harvesters. This is due to the fact that after the
passage of these machines across the field a deep track is formed, which complicates the
subsequent tillage and movement of the machines. Considering that the enhancement of
productivity and efficiency of wheeled harvesters is an important task facing the agro-industrial complex, it is proposed to solve it by the redistribution of weight, which in turn reduces
the pressure on soil and technogeneous effect. This research paper shows the theoretical
substantiation of weight redistribution process of harvester and design-operation parameters
of the device designed for correction of vertical weight load of wheeled harvester.
ASSESSMENT OF SOYBEAN SOURCE MATERIAL (BASE LINE) IN RESPECT OF PRODUCTIVITY AND RESISTANCE TO FUNGAL PATHOGENS IN THE CLIMATE OF THE PRIMORSKY KRAI
Authors:   Federal Scientific Center of Agrobiotechnology in the Far East Named after A. K. Chaika, Vasina E.A. , Khasbiullina O.I. ,   Kamchatsky Research Institute of Agriculture
Published: February 2025

The article presents the findings of the investigations carried out on the soybean source material
that resulted in identification of the varieties of soybean selected by certain quantitative characteristics and ability to resist fungal pathogens in the climate of the Primorsky Krai. The varieties were taken from the collection nursery. It was found that some varieties of different ecological and geographical origin fully realize their genetic potential of productivity under climatic conditions of the
region. The maximum productivity was found in the variety of Chinese breeding HEI-he 4 - 7.5 g.
Among the tested varieties, the most resistant to Septoria spot (septoriosis) was a sample of Canadian
breeding - 0319, degree of pathogen damage amounted to 32.2%, which is 12.8% less than the standard. According to the complex features and immunological characteristics the following varieties
can be singled out: Cordoba (Austria) and Cmbura 1 (Belarus) from the European group which are
resistant to false mildew.
Fenología, rendimiento y calidad del fruto de mora uva (Rubus floribundus Kunth.) en Pamplona, Norte de Santander, Colombia
Authors: Quevedo Garcia Enrique , González Pedraza Ana Francisca , Díaz Rodríguez Astrid Celeste
Published: February 2025

Contextualización: En Colombia, el área sembrada de mora se ha incrementado en los últimos años; la alta aceptación para el consumo en fresco y procesado la coloca como una alternativa para aumentar la oferta de frutas en la cadena productiva de la mora.
 Vacío de conocimiento: En Colombia existe un vacío de conocimiento en relación con el comportamiento fenológico, el rendimiento y la calidad del fruto de especies nativas con características atractivas, tanto para el productor como para el consumidor, como lo es Rubus floribundus [Kunth.], con adaptación entre 1.800 y 3.000 m s.n.m.
 Propósito: Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar la fenología, la producción y la calidad fisicoquímica de Rubus floribundus [Kunth.], en Pamplona, Colombia.
 Metodología: se llevó a cabo una investigación en las fincas Pararrayo [7°23ˈ12,4” Norte, 72°41ˈ9,2” Oeste, 2.800 m s.n.m.] y Arrayán [7°23ˈ28,3” Norte; 72°41ˈ12,2” Oeste, 2.700 m s.n.m.]. Se seleccionaron 15 plantas y en 3 ramas por planta se registraron las fases fenológicas: botón floral, floración, formación del fruto y maduración [BBCH], durante 100 días. Se realizó la caracterización fisicoquímica del fruto [masa fresca, diámetro polar y ecuatorial, acidez total titulable, acidez iónica, sólidos solubles totales, índice de madurez y color]. Se cosecharon diez muestras de 1 kg de frutos, durante tres muestreos. El rendimiento se registró con una frecuencia semanal [Pararrayo] y quincenal [Arrayán], durante 6 meses. El diseño fue no experimental, observacional, de campo, longitudinal, de medidas repetidas.
 Resultados y conclusiones:
El periodo de botón floral a cosecha fue 96 y 92 días, en Pararrayo y Arrayán, respectivamente; con menor tiempo en crecimiento del fruto en Pararrayo [12 días]. En Arrayán los frutos registraron mayor masa fresca [5,2 g], diámetro ecuatorial [17,1 mm], sólidos solubles totales [12,29 °Brix], acidez total titulable [0,96 %] y producción [207,87 frutos; 994,31 g y 1.104,68 kg ha-1]. Mientras que Pararrayo registró el mayor diámetro polar [29,0 mm], acidez iónica [3,3] e índice de madurez [11,7 %]. En Arrayán los frutos fueron de mejor calidad; sin embargo, el mayor índice de madurez se registró en Pararrayo.
The effect of different variables on push-out tests in 3D-printed oval and round-shaped root canals: a methodological study
Authors: Gok Tuba , Cankaya Guzide , Sen Bilge Hakan
Published: February 2025

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of slice thickness (ST), plunger size (PS), shape and region of the root canal on push-out tests using standardized artificial root canals.
Materials and methods: Two teeth with round and oval root canal anatomy were selected using cone beam computed tomography. Teeth were prepared, scanned with micro computed tomography and stereolithography data were obtained. Seventy-two round and 72 long oval artificial root canals were produced using a 3D printer. Root canals were obturated, then divided into two main groups (oval-round) and further divided into six subgroups (n = 12) according to ST (1, 1.5, and 2-mm) and PS (0.5, 0.75, and 1-mm). Push-out tests were performed and dislocation resistance values were calculated. The data were analyzed using the ANOVA two-way test (p = 0.05).
Results: Different STs showed similar results in oval canals (p > 0.05). 1-mm ST showed higher results in round canals (p < 0.05). There was a significant difference between 0.75 and 1-mm PSs (p < 0.05). Middle and coronal regions showed similar results in oval canals (p > 0.05), and coronal region showed lower results in round canals (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: ST, PS, root canal shape and region variables affected the dislocation resistance of core material in standardized root-filled canals.
Development of Design Optimisation Techniques with Application to the Transonic Performance of the Skylon Spaceplane
Authors:   , Smith Ben
Published: February 2025

The aim of this thesis was the explore design optimisation techniques that could be used in the optimisation process of the Skylon spaceplane. The research began by investigating the performance of the existing design at a critical design point, the results of which were presented to industry partners. Parameterisation techniques were then explored and a novel mesh morphing framework was developed. The method uses Radial Basis Functions to ensure that a mesh remains suitable for computational fluid dynamic analysis following the application of a morph function to a subset of the geometry. This framework was used to explore optimised designs with the aim of reducing the drag coefficient of the geometry, which was achieved with a reduction in drag coefficient of up to 2% for the Skylon spaceplane at Mach 1.2
Advancing the Real-World Assessment of Movement Quality Using Low-Cost Wearables and Advanced Data Analytics
Authors:   , Swain Thomas
Published: February 2025

Movement quality, an important, yet overlooked component of physical activity, is challenging to assess in real-world settings. This thesis aimed to advance understanding of the assessment and enhancement of movement quality among the general, recreationally active, population using wearable devices and other consumer technologies. Chapter 3 highlighted the improved efficacy of multi-sensor wearables for capturing comprehensive movement data, while showing that multiple devices better accommodate holistic movements. Chapter 3 identified two approaches for analysing movement quality: i) motion-based measurements; and ii) and classification methods. A commercial-grade angular rate, and gravity (MARG) sensor was validated in Chapter 4 for measuring device orientation using sensor-fusion. The sensor’s utility was confirmed under static conditions, though errors increased proportionally with higher angular velocities. Thereafter, Chapter 5 demonstrated the potential of commercial-grade MARG sensors to increase real-world applicability and accessibility of complex biomechanical models, but accentuated the requirement for strategic sensor placement and refined processing methods. Chapter 6 introduced a data augmentation technique that improved class sensitivity and mitigated classification bias in a support vector machine used to determine movement competency. The method addressed the challenges of small, imbalanced datasets, though the implications of subjective data labelling remain. Chapters 7 and 8 collectively highlighted the importance of accessible, user-centric technologies to support movement quality, with wearable-experts (Chapter 7) and the general population (Chapter 8) emphasising the need for convenient technologies and tailored multimodal feedback to address diverse user needs. This thesis demonstrated the potential of commercial-grade wearables to enhance movement quality, dependent on sensor placement, data processing, and feedback. While revealing current limitations in direct motion measurements, the potential for machine learning, supported by data augmentation, was highlighted to facilitate real- world assessments among the recreationally-active population. Multimodal feedback, centred around visualisations, was specifically promoted to maximise movement- quality assessment efficacy and user engagement.
Pengaruh Lama Fermentasi pada Penggunaan Dedak Fermentasi Terhadap Kandungan Bahan Kering dan Bahan Organik Silase Tebon Jagung (Zea Mays)
Authors: Wijaya Rian , Budiman Atun , Mayasari, Ph.D Novi
Published: February 2025

Silase ialah pengawetan pakan hijauan melalui fermentasi anaerob. Dedak fermentasi dapat digunakan sebagai aditif untuk mempercepat proses fermentasi pembuatan silase. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh lama fermentasi pada penggunaan dedak fermentasi terhadap kandungan bahan kering dan bahan organik silase tebon jagung. Penelitian dilaksanakan di peternakan Cowla Farm, Dusun Gembor, Desa Cikembulan, Kecamatan Sidamulih, Kabupaten Pangandaran dan analisis laboratorium dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Nutrisi Ternak Ruminansia dan Kimia Makanan Ternak Fakultas Peternakan Universitas Padjadjaran Jatinangor pada tanggal 3 Februari 2021 – 19 Maret 2021. Penelitian menggunakan metode eksperimental dengan Rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan 3 perlakuan dan 7 ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri atas P1 (Lama Fermentasi 7 hari), P2 (Lama Fermentasi 14 hari), P3 (Lama Fermentasi 21 hari). Data penelitian dianalisis menggunakan Analisis Ragam. Hasil analisis menujukan bahwa perlakuan berpengaruh tidak nyata terhadap kandungan bahan kering dan bahan organik silase tebon jagung.
Optimization of the investment portfolio for oil and gas projects under conditions of risk and uncertainty
Authors: Marina Kruk , Anastasiia Shabalina
Published: February 2025

The application of optimization algorithms is crucial for analyzing oil and gas company portfolio and supporting decision-making. The paper investigates the process of optimizing a portfolio of oil and gas projects under economic uncertainty. The literature review explores the advantages of applying various optimizers to models that consider the mean and semi-standard deviations of stochastic multi-year cash flows and revenues. The methods and results of three different optimization algorithms are discussed: ranking and cutting algorithms, linear (Simplex) and evolutionary (genetic) algorithms. Functions of several key performance indicators were used to test these algorithms. The results confirmed that multi-objective optimization algorithms that examine various key performance indicators are used for efficient optimization in oil and gas companies. This paper proposes a multi-criteria optimization model for investment portfolios of oil and gas projects. The model considers the specific features of these projects and is based on the Markowitz portfolio theory and methodological recommendations for project assessment. An example of its practical application to oil and gas projects is also provided.
Overview of implementation principles of artificial intelligence methods in industrial control systems
Authors: Körösi Ladislav , Kajan Slavomír
Published: February 2025

The proposed article discusses the principles of implementing artificial intelligence (AI) methods in industrial control systems focusing on the deployment of neural networks (NNs) within programmable logic controllers (PLCs). Recent advancements in AI have led to significant improvements in modeling, control, quality control and predictive maintenance. This progress is further supported by the development of newer CPU architectures in PLCs, which offer enhanced processing speeds and capabilities. These advanced CPUs facilitate the implementation of more complex AI algorithms enabling systems to perform real-time data analysis. By leveraging the power of AI and improved hardware, industries can achieve higher levels of automation and better decision-making.