bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The features of Japanese labour law
Authors:   Okayama University, Toki Masahito , Sychenko Elena V. ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: November 2020

This article considers the peculiarities of Japanese labour law that differ the most from the traditional Russian approach to labour regulation. The authors sought to fill the information vacuum in Russian legal scholarship dedicated to Japanese law, as well as to examine the unique features of this branch of law. It is impossible to consider, in one article, an exhaustive list of questions about Japanese labour law, which are of interest to researchers. Therefore, the choice of topics for analysis was dictated by two types of considerations: the uniqueness of Japanese regulation and the relevance of the topic to Russian reality. Within the first group, the authors examined the peculiarities of the arrangement, modification, and termination of employment contracts in addition to the features of the wage structure. Also, the practice of exercising the employer’s right to order the employee to stay at home while continuing to pay wages is analysed due to the absence of a clause in Japanese law on the right of the employee to be provided with work. In the second group, the issue of an employment policy for elderly people in Japan was considered as it is relevant for Russia in light of the recent pension reform. The methodological basis of the study was the use of a functional comparative method. The use of this method allowed the authors to ascertain greater flexibility in Japanese labour law regarding changes in working conditions, and a higher degree of labour mobility in comparison to Russia.
International legal assistance in anti-corruption criminal cases in the People’s Republic of China
Authors:   China University of Political Science and Law, Hu Yu
Published: November 2020

Since 2014, the Chinese Communist Party and the Chinese government have begun to pay significant attention to the field of international prosecution of corrupt officials and the international search for stolen money and property. Sources of law in the area of international legal assistance in anti-corruption cases in China include: international multilateral treaties, bilateral agreements, domestic law, memoranda of the Communist Party of China. China has achieved much success since 2014, and such results can be divided into 3 types: success in the international prosecution of corrupt officials, success in the international search for stolen money and property, and, diplomatic achievements. Unfortunately, although the legal regulation of international assistance in anti-corruption criminal cases is constantly being improved and the results are impressive, a number of issues remain unresolved, including: giving more attention on the international prosecution of criminals than the international search for stolen money and property; the frequency of the use of treaties in international criminal judicial assistance and the number of signed international treaties leave much to be desired; focusing on individual cases instead of improving the entire system for catching corrupt officials as a whole; the lack of a mechanism for applying international multilateral or bilateral treaties; the existence of a conflict between different sources of legal regulation in the fight against corruption.
Legal status peculiarities of the court chairman in Russia and in foreign countries: Comparative and legal analysis
Authors:   Russian State University of Justice, Kornev Viktor N. , Zholobov Yaroslav B. ,   Russian State University of Justice
Published: November 2020

A comparative analysis of the legal status of the court chairman in Russia and in foreign countries is provided in the article. It is shown that the legal status of the court chairman is derived from the content and forms of implementation of the principle of the court and judges’ independence. The basic elements of the court chairman’s legal status, such as the procedure of appointment to the post, tenure of the post, tenure age limit, as well as the special powers related to the implementation of the leading function in the court, are disclosed. The notion that the globalization of legal processes leads to the unification of the requirements for the acquisition and termination procedures of the legal status not only of judges, but also of court chairman is discussed. The article reveals general and special approaches in the legislation of different countries to such requirements applied to the candidates for the post of court chairman, such as knowledge of case management, organizational skills, standards for themselves and court officials, the ability to quickly and qualitatively introduce new technologies into the work of the court, and maintaining a high level of qualification. The possibilities to develop a unified scientifically based approach to establishing the derivatives of the court chairman’s legal status in order to avoid the arbitrariness of establishing legislative provisions in different countries are revealed. The article concludes that a court chairman’s ensured independence of particular court would significantly increase the level of public trust not only in the court, but also to the state in general. However, this topic requires further research.
From the Editor - January 2012
Authors: Young Angela
Published: November 2020

A letter from the editor.
Investigating Patients’ Intention to Continue Using Teleconsultation to Anticipate Postcrisis Momentum: Survey Study
Authors: Grenier Ouimet Antoine , Wagner Gerit , Raymond Louis , Pare Guy
Published: November 2020

Background

The COVID-19 crisis has drastically changed care delivery with teleconsultation platforms experiencing substantial spikes in demand, helping patients and care providers avoid infections and maintain health care services. Beyond the current pandemic, teleconsultation is considered a significant opportunity to address persistent health system challenges, including accessibility, continuity, and cost of care, while ensuring quality.

Objective

This study aims at identifying the determinants of patients’ intention to continue using a teleconsultation platform. It extends prior research on information technology use continuance intention and teleconsultation services.

Methods

Data was collected in November 2018 and May 2019 with Canadian patients who had access to a teleconsultation platform. Measures included patients’ intention to continue their use; teleconsultation usefulness; teleconsultation quality; patients’ trust toward the digital platform, its provider. and health care professionals; and confirmation of patients’ expectations toward teleconsultation. We used structural equation modeling employing the partial least squares component-based technique to test our research model and hypotheses.

Results

We analyzed a sample of 178 participants who had used teleconsultation services. Our findings revealed that confirmation of expectations had the greatest influence on continuance intention (total effects=0.722; P<.001), followed by usefulness (total effects=0.587; P<.001) and quality (total effects=0.511; P<.001). Usefulness (β=.60; P<.001) and quality (β=.34; P=.01) had direct effects on the dependent variable. The confirmation of expectations had direct effects both on usefulness (β=.56; P<.001) and quality (β=.75; P<.001) in addition to having an indirect effect on usefulness (indirect effects=0.282; P<.001). Last, quality directly influenced usefulness (β=.34; P=.002) and trust (β=.88; P<.001). Trust does not play a role in the context under study.

Conclusions

Teleconsultation is central to care going forward, and it represents a significant lever for an improved, digital delivery of health care in the future. We believe that our findings will help drive long-term teleconsultation adoption and use, including in the aftermath of the current COVID-19 crisis, so that general care improvement and greater preparedness for exceptional situations can be achieved.
Всероссийскому научно-­исследовательскому институту радиологии и агроэкологии – 50 лет: вперед к новым целям и достижениям!
Authors: Санжарова Н.И. , Шубина О.А. , Бондаренко Е.В. , Волкова П.Ю.
Published: November 2020

В 2020 году исполняется 50 лет Всероссийскому научно-­исследовательскому институту радиологии и агроэкологии (ранее – Всесоюзный научно-­исследовательский институт сельскохозяйственной радиологии). Образованный в период холодной вой­ны институт в первую очередь был призван решать проблемы устойчивости сельского хозяйства в условиях возможного ядерного конфликта. Параллельно проходили исследования по «мирной» тематике, включая координацию работы 50 институтов-­соисполнителей системы МСХ СССР, министерств сельского хозяйства союзных республик и ВАСХНИЛ по вопросам применения достижений атомной науки и техники в сельском хозяйстве. Разработки института нашли применение при совершенствовании военной доктрины СССР, а сотрудники были удостоены Государственных премий СССР. Об истории института, достижениях, направлениях работы и перспективах развития рассказали директор ФГБНУ ВНИИРАЭ, член-корреспондент РАН, лауреат Государственной премии РФ Наталья Ивановна Санжарова и руководители подразделений.
Микроструктура и механические свой­ства сплавов на основе олова для Nb3Sn-сверхпроводников
Authors: Цаплева А.С. , Коновалова Н.В. , Кравцова М.В. , Дробышев В.А. , Абдюханов И.М. , Алексеев М.В. , Дергунова Е.А.
Published: November 2020

Определены составы оловянных сплавов для использования в составе технических Nb3Sn-сверхпроводников. Исследована структура и механические свой­ства оловянных сплавов трех составов: Sn – 0,8 мас. % Cu; Sn – 0,8 мас. % Сu – 0,5 мас. % Zn; Sn – 0,5 мас. % Al. Показано, что предел прочности и микротвердость сплавов выше по сравнению с чистым оловом. Проведены исследования микроструктуры оловянных сплавов в составе композиционных субэлементов. Выбранный на основании анализа полученных в работе данных сплав Sn – 0,8 мас. % Сu был успешно применен при изготовлении Nb3Sn-сверхпроводника в условиях АО ЧМЗ методом внутреннего источника олова. В результате был получен сверхпроводник диаметром 1 мм, состоящий из 120 субэлементов.
Цирконология и возраст Fe-­Ti-эклогитов Беломорской провинции
Authors: Конилов А.Н. , Шешуков В.С. , Пожиленко В.И. , Ван К.В. , Бондаренко Г.В. , Голованова Т.И. , Ермолаев Б.В. , Дубенский А.С. , Понкратов К.В. , Шкляр Н.Е.
Published: November 2020

Изучены Fe-­Ti-эклогиты в проявлении горы Куропачья. Геохимия главных и рассеянных элементов показывает их сходство с эклогитами Салмы Беломорской провинции в целом и имеют геохимические признаки толеитов СОХ. В связи с этим предлагается механизм океанской субдукции и ультравысокобарического метаморфизма при формировании пород. Для определения возраста Fe-­Ti-эклогитов с помощью LA-ICP-MS проведено исследование Th-­U-Pb изотопной системы в цирконах. Для планирования датирования и интерпретации полученных возрастов цирконы исследовали с помощью современных методов – оптическая и электронная микроскопия, микрозондовый анализ, трехмерная лазерная микроскопия, черно-­белая (SEM-CL) и цветная (EPMA-CL (tc)) катодолюминесценция, спектроскопия комбинационного рассеяния. Цирконы имеют зональное строение – ядра с высокими и оболочки с очень низкими содержаниями урана и тория. В ядрах архейского возраста сохраняется осцилляторная магматическая зональность и отсутствуют микроскопические признаки метамиктизации. В оболочках протерозойского возраста наблюдается катодолюминесцентная неоднородность, причины которой – кристаллохимические факторы во время единого этапа кристаллизации и механические напряжения.
Применение полидициклопентадиена при изготовлении композитов с повышенными механическими свой­ствами
Authors: Бэдэрэу Э.И. , Пономаренко А.П. , Багдатьев А.Д. , Глебова Е.М. , Глебов А.В.
Published: November 2020

Представлен обзор способов изготовления полидициклопентадиена, пригодного для использования в качестве материала матрицы армированных композитов. Проведено сравнение механических свой­ств готового полимера, определены оптимальные параметры изготовления. Представлен анализ мировых производителей полидициклопентадиена. Определены потенциальные области применения композитов на основе полициклопентадиена.
Проточно-­инжекционное амперометрическое определение кортизола и мелатонина на электроде с частицами золота
Authors: Шайдарова Л.Г. , Челнокова И.А. , Лексина Ю.А. , Будников Г.К.
Published: November 2020

Кортизол и мелатонин – два гормона, которые прямо влияют на бодрствование и сон. Для контроля нарушений циклов сна / бодрствования, которые могут способствовать развитию раковых опухолей, необходимо определять содержание кортизола и мелатонина в биологических жидкостях. Определено, что частицы золота, осажденные на планарный электрод, проявляют каталитическую активность при электроокислении кортизола и мелатонина, а осажденные частицы палладия, меди и кобальта – только при электроокислении мелатонина. Для одновременного анализа двух веществ при двух различных потенциалах применяли двой­ные планарные электроды, модифицированные частицами золота. Линейная билогарифмическая зависимость аналитического сигнала от концентрации аналита наблюдалась в интервалах от 1 • 10–11 до 1 • 10–5 М для кортизола и от 5 • 10–10 до 5 • 10–3 М для мелатонина. Использование двой­ного планарного электрода, модифицированного частицами золота, для амперометрического определения кортизола и мелатонина в проточно-­инжекционной системе обеспечивает высокую производительность до 360 определений / ч.
Исследование пограничного слоя визуального образа объекта для определения его характеристик
Authors: Локтев Д.А.
Published: November 2020

Стремительное развитие оптико-­электронных приборов, фото- и видеодетекторов, расширение полосы пропускания и скорости канала передачи данных делают системы видеоконтроля и измерений наиболее перспективными в ближайшем будущем. Исследование посвящено анализу параметров, влияющих на нечеткость получаемого на изображении образа объекта. В качестве основных компонентов функции размытия предложены величины, учитывающие свой­ства среды между исследуемым объектом и камерой, характеристики движения объекта и детектора, внутренние параметры камеры, цветовые составляющие образа объекта и фона. При этом размытие границ объекта, несмотря плохое качество получаемых изображений, также несет в себе информацию о направлении движения, его скорости, состоянии среды и т. д., которую можно использовать для определения параметров состояния и движения объектов контроля.
Звезды аналитического приборостроения. Эрхард Меттлер
Authors: Золотов Ю.А.
Published: November 2020

Мы продолжаем публикацию серии материалов о создателях крупнейших фирм, разрабатывающих и выпускающих аналитическое оборудование. В основу предлагаемых заметок положен перевод информационного бюллетеня, который в свое время подготовил и распространил на одной из Питтсбургских конференций по аналитической химии и прикладной спектроскопии (Pittcon) Американский Фонд химического наследия (Chemical Heritage Foundation) *.
ANALYTICAL CALCULATION OF DEFLECTION OF A MULTI-LATTICE TRUSS WITH AN ARBITRARY NUMBER OF PANELS
Authors: Kirsanov Mikhail
Published: November 2020

The scheme of a planar externally statically indeterminate truss with four supports is proposed. In analytical form, for several types of loads, the problem of forces in the rods and deflectionof the structure is solved, depending on the number of panels, the size and intensity of the load. The solution uses the Maple computer mathematics system. The deflectionat Midspan is determined using Maxwell – Mohr's formula, the forces in the rods – the method of cutting out nodes from the system of equilibrium equations for all nodes, which includes four reactions of the supports. By induction, a series of solutions for trusses with a consistently increasing number of panels is generalized to an arbitrary number of panels. For the elements of the sequences of coefficientare developed and are solved by homogeneous linear recurrence equations. The resulting formulas for the deflectio of the structure under various loads have the form of polynomials in the number of panels. A linear asymptotic solution for the number of panels is found. The kinematic degeneration of the structure and the distribution of node speeds corresponding to this case were found. The dependences of the reaction of supports and forces in the most compressed and stretched rods on the number of panels are determined.
A.A. ILYUSHIN'S FINAL RELATION, ALTERNATIVE EQUIVALENT RELATIONS AND VERSIONS OF ITS APPROXIMATION IN PROBLEMS OF ELASTIC DEFORMATION OF PLATES AND SHELLS. PART 2: ALTERNATIVE EQUIVALENT RELATIONS OF A.A. ILYUSHIN
Authors: Starov Aleksandr , Kalashnikov Sergei
Published: November 2020

The finiterelationship between the forces and moments of plates and shells in the parametric form of the theory of small elastoplastic deformations is investigated of A.A. Ilyushin, to determine the load-bearing capacity of structures from a material without hardening. A geometric image of the exact yield surface in the space of generalized stresses is obtained. In the firstpart of the article the conclusion of the finalrelation is given. In the second and third parts, by introducing other parameters, alternative equivalent dependences of the finalrelationship have been developed and variants of its approximation for application in computational practice are considered. In the fourth part, additional properties of the finalrelationship are considered, the possibility and necessity of its use in problems of plastic deformation of plates and shells is shown.
KRITIK SASTRA FEMINIS DALAM KARYA SASTRA KAHLIL GIBRAN
Authors: Suraiya Suraiya
Published: November 2020

Sejarah panjang tentang perempuan dipanggung peradaban telah ditulis dalam berbagai karya. Termasuk karya sastra juga telah banyak melukiskan gambaran kedudukan perempuan, bahkan tentang ketidakadilan perempuan. sehingga perempuan mulai bangkit mempertanyakan dan menggugat dominasi dan ketidakadilan yang terjadi dalam sistem patriakhi, perempuan selama ini telah banyak mengalami subordinasi, represi, dan marjinalisasi dalam berbagai bidang. Kritik sastra feminis merupakan studi sastra yang mengarahkan fokus analisanya pada perempuan yang menginginkan adanya keadilan dalam memandang eksistensi perempuan, serta berusaha memahami ketertindasan terhadap perempuan dan mencari upaya bagaimana mengatasi ketertindasan tersebut. Sastrawan Gibran Khalil Gibran mencoba mengkritisi fenomena ketidakadilan terhadap perempuan khususnya yang tercermin dalam karya-karyanya baik syair maupun prosa. Permasalahan ini terangkum dalam pertanyaan bagaimana konsep kritik sastra feminis dalam sastra Gibran Kahlil Gibran, serta melihat bagaimana ungkapan-ungkapan kritik feminis dalam sastra Kahlil Gibran. Penelitian ini akan dianalisa dengan metode deskriptif untuk dapat menggambarkan dan mendeskripsikan fenomena dan kejadian yang ada. sehingga pada akhirnya dapat disimpulkan bahwa ketidakadilan gender yang dialami oleh perempuan dan wujud gambaran perempuan Arab yang terekspresikan dalam berbagai ungkapan perempuan bahwa perempuan menginginkan kebebasan dari ketidakadilan yang mengukungnya.
Ø§Ù„Ø­Ø°Ù ÙÙŠ Ø§Ù„Ø¬Ù…Ù„Ø© Ø§Ù„Ø¨Ø³ÙŠØ·Ø© ÙÙŠ Ø§Ù„Ù„ØºØªÙŠÙ† Ø§Ù„Ø¹Ø±Ø¨ÙŠØ© ÙˆØ§Ù„Ø£ØªØ´ÙŠØ© (Ø¯Ø±Ø§Ø³Ø© ØªÙ‚Ø§Ø¨Ù„ÙŠØ©)
Authors: Firdaus Muhammad
Published: November 2020

Dirasah Taqabuliyah (Studi Analisis Kontrastif) merupakan bagian dari kajian linguistik yang membandingkan dua bahasa yang berbeda dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui dan menemukan persamaan dan perbedaan yang terdapat pada kedua bahasa tersebut. Pada penelitian ini, peneliti mencoba untuk membandingkan dua bahasa antara bahasa Arab dan bahasa Aceh pada permasalahan Al-Hazaf. Al- Hazaf adalah penghilangan atau penghapusan sebagian dari kata atau lafaz yang menjadi bagian dari kalimat. Terjadinya Al-Hazaf pada kalimat sederhana memiliki kaidah tersendiri pada kaidah bahasa, baik pada kaidah bahasa Arab maupun kaidah Bahasa Aceh. Studi ini merupakan studi kepustakaan yang data-data diperoleh dari berbagai sumber yang berkaitan langsung dengan bahasa Arab dan Aceh. Penelitian ini menghasilkan beberapa kesimpulan yang di antaranya adalah bahasa Arab dan Bahasa Aceh memiliki keistimewaan masing-masing pada pada permasalahan Al-Hazaf di dalam kalimat sederhana yang tidak dimiliki oleh satu bahasa dengan bahasa lainnya.
Strategi Kolonial Belanda Dalam Menaklukkan Kerajaan Aceh Darussalam
Authors: Anwar Anwar
Published: November 2020

The Kingdom of Aceh Darussalam was proclaimed by Sultan Ali Mughayat Syah in 1514 AD The sultans succeeded in making this kingdom as a great, powerful and influential kingdom in Sumatra, Southeast Asia and the world. This region is famous not only of the world’s high export products, but its strategic locationserves as the foundation for Western imperialists to respect the sovereignty of the Kingdom of Aceh Darussalam and seek to establish political and economic cooperation with it, such as Portuguese, English and Dutch. The Netherlands has cooperated with Aceh, though not always running smoothly. Political and economic changes in Europe affected the colonies of the Indies. The Netherlands not only trade with Aceh, but conquered it. Various reasons and strategies are sought and organized systematically. First dragged England into the London Tractat as an entrance to instill its influence in Sumatra, including Aceh. Although the Dutch agreed that they would not disturb the sovereignty of Aceh. Then the Dutch also urged the British to make a treaty Soematra Tractat. Itaims to make Dutch more able to master Aceh. With this last treaty the Dutch bravely disrupted the sovereignty of Aceh, beginning with the provocation and subjugation of Aceh’s regional domains in Sumatra, such as Barus, Siak and Deli, and Trumon and Singkil in Aceh itself. Last pressed the sultan of Aceh and pounded the center of the Kingdom of Aceh.
Membangun Literasi Masyarakat Melalui Taman Bacaan Masyarakat: Eksplorasi Pengalaman Community Engagement Program di Cot Lamme – Aceh Besar
Authors: Ruslan Ruslan
Published: November 2020

Building the literacy of rural communities is the responsibility of universities as one of Tri Dharma Perguruan Tinggi. This paper examines how to build rural livelihoods based on experience from community engagement programs undertaken by universities in Cot Lamme village, Aceh Besar. From the resultsof this program it can be proved that the Taman Bacaan (TABACA) of the Cot Lamme Village Society has been established permanently and the formation of Taman Bacaan (TABACA) volunteers. who sincerely and voluntarily manage the current reading garden and its sustainability in the future. The result of this program has also compiled the organizational structure of Taman Bacaan (TABACA) whose members are entirely derived from the managing volunteers. Ultimately the program established strong togetherness and commitmentbetween the management volunteers and the leaders of the Cot Lamme village as well as the development of a new reading interest culture in the community, so it is expected to foster the spirit of literacy in reading the community and the role of TABACA can really strengthen the knowledge of civil society and an enlightened generation in the future.
TRADISI PERAYAAN KENDURI MAULID NABI DI ACEH BESAR
Authors: Yunus Muhammad
Published: November 2020

The Prophet's Birthday celebration is a tradition carried out by the Acehnese people in commemoration of the birth of the Great Prophet Muhammad Saw. In Aceh something generally celebrated is usually done with kenduri (food). The results of this study indicate that the Kenduri Maulid (Khanduri Maulod) can be carried out in three months, starting from the month of early Rabiul, Late Rabiul, and Early Jumadil. Selected one of the days between the three months to celebrate the feast of maulid. Each village or village has its own characteristics in the celebration of the feather maulid, both in the form of celebrations or food menus. The hallmark of the maidid feast in Aceh Besar is marked by the existence of the main dish of Kuah Beulangong. According to the Acehnese glorifying the birthday of the Prophet by means of large-scale calms is a must for those who are able, as a form of gratitude for the blessings of faith, Islam and ihsan that have been obtained.
التكرار اللفظي في القرآن الكريم
Authors: Berdan Aiyub
Published: November 2020

وتهدف هذه الدراسة إلى الكشف عن ظاهرة التكرار في القرآن الكريم على مستوى اللفظ. وظهرت هذه الظاهرة في القرآن الكريم على مستوياتها المختلفة التي تبدأ من تكرار الأداة وتمتد إلى تكرار الجملة فما فوقها. ويعد التكرار طريقا من طرق التعبير، وله قيمته الفنية والبلاغية. ونجد أن التكرار ورد في القرآن في صور عديدة سواء على مستوى اللفظ أم على مستوى المعنى حيث جاء فيه على الصورة التي تتساوق فيها الفكرة مع الفن التعبيري على أدق وجه وأكمل صورة.
UPAYA MENEKAN TINGKAT KRIMINALITAS ANAK DITINJAU MENURUT FIQIH JINAYAH (Sudi Kasus di Polresta Banda Aceh)
Authors: Darisah Ayu , Darmawijaya Edi , Rispalman Rispalman
Published: November 2020

Anak-anak merupakan subjek yang sangat rentan akan pengaruh-pengaruh negatif yang bukan hanya dari lingkungannya namun juga dari luar lingkungannya. Anak selain rentan terhadap kriminal, terkadang anak tersebut menjadi pelaku dalam tindak kriminal. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari begitu banyak tindakan menyimpang lainnya yang dilakukan oleh anak seperti tindakan-tindakan berlebihan disekolah, pelanggaran-pelanggaran seperti melarikan diri dari rumah, sampai prilaku-prilaku kriminal. Kenakalan anak tersebut tidak hanya tindakan krimanal saja, melainkan tindakan yang dilakukan oleh anak yang di anggap melenceng dari nilai-nilai sosial, sekolah dan masyarakat. Dengan begitu tingkat kriminalitas anak harus lebih ditekankan lagi agar kriminalitas anak tersebut semakin menurun jumlahnya. Permasalahan yang diajukan adalah bagaimana tingkat kriminalitas anak pada Unit PPA Polresta Banda Aceh, bagaimana upaya PPA Polresta Banda Aceh dalam menekan kriminalitas anak, serta bagaimana tinjauan fiqih jinayah terhadap upaya PPA Polresta Banda Aceh dalam menekan kriminalitas anak. Untuk mencapai tujuan penelitian ini, peneliti menggunakan metode deskriptis analisis. Sedangkan teknik pengumpulan data diperoleh melalui penelitian lapangan, sedangkan data skunder melalui penelitian kepustakaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat kriminalitas anak mengalami kenaikan dan penurunan pada setiap tahunnya. Upaya yang dilakukan oleh unit PPA Polresta Banda Aceh dalam meminimalisir kriminalitas anak dengan cara melakukan penyuluhan hukum pada tiap sekolah-sekolah. Tinjauan hukum Islam terhadap upaya penanggulangan kriminalitas anak, ada beberapa hal yang memiliki kesamaan dengan hukum positif, pertama dalam hal pemberian sanksi terhadap anak yang berhadapan dengan hukum, yang kedua, penerapan perbuatan pidana bagi anak yang berhadapan dengan hukum.  Kata Kunci: Kriminalitas-anak- unit PPA- Fiqih Jinayah
DIMENSI KOGNITIF DAN AFEKTIF KESADARAN HUKUM
Authors: Syuhada Syuhada
Published: November 2020

Kesuksesan dan kegagalan suatu organisasi/institusi/sosial masyarakat dan hukum, tidak lepas dari kualitas SDM / Human Resourse yang menjalankannya. Kesediaan warga untuk menaati hukum tanpa paksa ternyata merupakan prasyarat terealisasinya hukum secara signifikan. Oleh karena itu, kualitas Sumber Daya Manusia adalah kunci sukses program menumbuhkan kesadaran hukum di masyarakat, kemudian didukung oleh sistem hukum yang memenuhi aspek filosofis, yuridis dan sosiologis. Perpaduan keduanya menghasilkan perubahan signifikan dari sebatas legal compliance berubah menjadi legal obedience  dan/atau dari legal knowledge berubah menjadi legal action.Kata kunci : kesadaran hukum, human resource, kognitif, afektif.
Estado de exceção e maioridade penal no Brasil pós- democrático
Authors: Fernandes Luciana Costa , Ferraz Hamilton Gonçalves
Published: November 2020

O trabalho pretende realizar uma leitura constitucional crítica sobre o debate da redução da maioridade penal em face do conceito de estado de exceção. Para tanto, será feita breve apresentação do conceito de “estado de exceção”, proposto por Giorgio Agamben. Na sequência, o trabalho adentrará no debate da maioridade penal, tendo em vista o contexto pós-democrático em que o Brasil se insere, e as perspectivas de futuro que se vislumbram a partir dos resultados das eleições de 2018 para o Congresso Nacional e a Presidência da República.
Entrevista com Luiz Eduardo Greenhalgh
Authors: De Hollanda Cristina Buarque
Published: November 2020

[FORA DO AR, ATUALIZAÇÕES EM BREVE]Luiz Eduardo Greenhalgh  Luiz Eduardo Greenhalgh tem extensas biografias política e jurídica, imbricadas entre si. Foi advogado de presos políticos e, em 1975, esteve entre os fundadores do Comitê Brasileiro de Anistia de São Paulo. Trabalhou com Dom Paulo Evaristo Arns em diferentes frentes de resistência à ditadura. Entre elas, o Brasil Nunca Mais e o Clamor, equipe enxuta que oferecia acolhimento a refugiados de países vizinhas também imersos no autoritarismo. Foi advogado de Lula e de diversos sindicalistas no Partido dos Trabalhadores, lançou sua carreira nas vias formais da política. Foi vice-prefeito do governo Luiza Erundina na cidade de São Paulo (1989-1993) e deputado federal
Entrevista com Gilney Viana
Authors: De Hollanda Cristina Buarque
Published: November 2020

Gilney VianaMédico e professor da Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso (UFMT), foi membro da equipe de transição do PT para o primeiro mandato do Presidente Lula (2002), assessor especial da Secretaria de Direitos Humanos, onde coordenou o Projeto Direito à Memória e à Verdade (2011-2014)
Estudo documental das políticas de prevenção e promoção em saúde no Haiti
Authors: David Jean Bart
Published: November 2020

Principais causas de morbimortalidade na população haitiana são as doenças infecciosas e as doenças do sistema circulatório. Segundo a Organização Pan-americana de Saúde, as principais causas de mortalidade no país nos últimos anos foram as doenças infecciosas representando 14% das mortes e as doenças do sistema circulatório 20%. Considerando os aspectos acima relacionados acredita-se que uma maior compreensão sobre as políticas de prevenção e promoção em saúde aplicado pelo estado do Haiti permitirá compreender se essas políticas atendem as verdadeiras demandas em saúde da população haitiana. Ante exposto, define-se o objetivo da pesquisa como: Analisar as políticas de prevenção e promoção em saúde do estado do Haiti através dos documentos publicados no site oficial do Ministério da Saúde e a População. Adotou-se a abordagem qualitativa, através de uma pesquisa documental utilizando fontes secundários sobre as políticas em promoção em saúde do Estado da República do Haiti. A análise de conteúdo proposta por Minayo foi usada como forma de análise dos documentos selecionados. Foram analisados sete documentos, constatou-se que as políticas de promoção em saúde do Estado do Haiti têm foco maior na prevenção e reparação de danos à saúde. A constituição do Haiti de 1987 aborda a questão de saúde, mas sem referência à questão da promoção em saúde.
A crise do sistema de Bretton Woods: considerações sobre o papel do dólar na hierarquia monetária internacional
Authors: Combat Flavio Alves
Published: November 2020

O artigo propõe uma análise sobre a crise do Sistema de Bretton Woods, com o objetivo de defender a hipótese de que a profunda instabilidade do regime monetário e financeiro internacional, a partir da década de 1970, decorreu também da posição do dólar como moeda de referência no topo da hierarquia monetária internacional. Em face desse objetivo, são analisadas as diferentes iniciativas de reordenamento do sistema monetário e financeiro internacional após o fim do padrão dólar-ouro. Sustenta-se que os déficits no balanço de pagamentos, decorrentes da política externa belicista dos Estados Unidos, desempenharam papel importante na desestabilização das instituições econômicas e políticas acordadas em Bretton Woods. O texto resgata a contribuição de István Mészáros, ao analisar a importância do complexo militar industrial norte-americano no processo de esgotamento do Sistema de Bretton Woods.
Resenha do livro Técnicos, Intelectuais e Políticos na Nova República: um perfil dos dirigentes públicos dos governos Fernando Henrique, Lula e Dilma
Authors: Mochel Juliana Sousa de Araújo , De Azevedo Gustavo Cravo
Published: November 2020

O livro apresenta dados sobre a qualificação profissional do alto funcionalismo público federal após extensa pesquisa empírica realizada. Através do levantamento de dados de pessoas que ocuparam cargos de Direção e Assessoramento (DAS), nos níveis 5 e 6, incluindo também os de Natureza Especial (os mais altos cargos nessa seara), entre os anos de 1995 e 2012. A professora Maria Celina D’Araujo, vinculada a Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro, e os demais autores do livro, jogam luz em um aspecto ainda pouco explorado da Administração Pública Federal: o perfil dos dirigentes públicos que ocupam os mais altos cargos da administração federal.  A pesquisa, que teve duração superior a 17 anos e atravessou diversos períodos presidenciais, compilou dados de mais de 1000 pessoas. Trata-se de grupo de pessoas bem posicionadas na tomada de decisões sobre políticas públicas.
Entrevista com o Prof. Dr. Sebastian Scheerer
Authors: Alves Tamires Maria , Gusis Gabriela Laura
Published: November 2020

Sebastian Scheerer É ex-diretor do Instituto de Criminologia da Universidade de Hamburgo e Professor do Departamento de Criminologia na mesma universidade (Hamburgo, Alemanha)
Para uma teoria crítica do eurocentrismo: história, colonialismo e o resto do mundo
Authors: Borba Pedro
Published: November 2020

Esse artigo pretende desenvolver uma crítica ao eurocentrismo como representação hegemônica de mundo, precisando os termos de um debate já em curso nas Ciências Sociais. Enquadra o eurocentrismo como categoria histórica a partir da diferença colonial, tendo a América como espaço privilegiado de análise. Em sequência, propõe a crítica ao eurocentrismo como um feixe entre perspectiva, contraposição e desvelamento. Assim, as perspectivas sobre a modernidade desde suas margens, a contraposição à universalização da experiência europeia e o desvelamento de novas fronteiras de conhecimento e pesquisa, ao se conjugarem, permitiriam levar a denúncia corrente a um plano reconstrutivo. Ao invés de uma saída ecumênica (baseada no pluralismo multicultural) ou paroquialista (baseada no rechaço unilateral ao cânone), o artigo defende a crítica ao eurocentrismo como movimento criativo, aberto pelo conflito com um monólogo histórico instituído reflexivamente pelo colonizador.
Companhias de segurança privada e narrativas de soberania: revisitando a gramática do monopólio estatal do uso da força e da privatização da violência no pós-guerra fria
Authors: Brancoli Fernando
Published: November 2020

O presente artigo estabelece uma reflexão crítica sobre a ação contemporânea de Companhias Segurança Privadas e sua relação com estruturas estatais, principalmente no que diz respeito  as narrativas sobre possíveis violaç ões da soberania estatal. Apontamos que a gramática envolvendo as CSP se articulam principalmente com um suposto monopólio do uso da força, sendo seu uso apontado comumente como a  materialização de práticas de erosão dos princípios basilares dos Estados modernos. O artigo se concentra em articular premissas epistemológicas que assumem que tais atores não necessariamente erodem a soberania - mas representam um momento de resignificação da mesma, em conluio com redefinições do que é público e privado em tais contextos. A soberania, nesse sentido, é entendida como um conceito em recorrente processo de significação e não um elemento rígido e atemporal.
Populismo de esquerda versus populismo de direita no início do século XXI: o conflito político nos EUA, Inglaterra, França e Alemanha
Authors: Rodriguês Theófilo Machado
Published: November 2020

Com a publicação, em 2005, de A razão populista, Ernesto Laclau trouxe o tema do populismo de volta para a agenda da teoria política. Mas o tema não ficou circunscrito somente aos debates teóricos. Nesse início de século assistimos ao crescimento de uma miríade de forças eleitorais que articulam a política sob o método do populismo. Essa forma de articulação de demandas e reivindicações ocorre tanto à direita quanto à esquerda do espectro ideológico. Tendo como suporte analítico o conceito de populismo de Laclau, o presente artigo investiga as recentes investidas eleitorais que atuam sob essa forma em quatro países: Estados Unidos, Inglaterra, França e Alemanha. A primeira seção é dedicada ao conceito de populismo em Laclau. A segunda seção observa o processo eleitoral estadunidense de 2016 com a pré-candidatura de Bernie Sanders e a vitória de Donald Trump. Na terceira parte é analisada a ascensão de Jeremy Corbyn no Partido Trabalhista britânico e de seu oposto, Nigel Farage, do UKIP. Na quarta, foram comparados os extremos que se apresentaram para a eleição presidencial francesa de 2017: Marine Le Pen, da Frente Nacional; e Jean-Luc Mélenchon, da antiga Front de Gauche, atual France Insoumise.Por fim, observa-se o crescimento do Die Linke e da AfD na Alemanha. A hipótese apresentada é a de que o conceito de populismo formulado por Ernesto Laclau e reafirmado por ChantalMouffe possui validade explicativa não apenas para países da América Latina, como já vem ressaltando uma parcela da literatura, mas também para os países do “norte”.
Maternal and Paternal Authority Styles and Developmental Outcomes: An Investigation of University Students in Turkey and the United States
Authors: Gozu Hamide , Newman Joan , Colvin Kimberly
Published: November 2020

Using data from undergraduates in both Turkey and the United States, we examined cultural differences in the perceived parenting authority styles and the links between perceived parenting authority styles, academic achievement, and self-esteem. We also examined the separate contributions of fathers and mothers in each country. A total of 423 undergraduates (196 from Turkey and 227 from the US) completed the Buri Parent Authority Questionnaire to report on the parenting styles of their parents. They also reported on their own college GPA and completed the Rosenberg self-esteem measure. Some adjustment of the parenting scales was needed in order to achieve cross-cultural measurement invariance. Our study revealed that there were differences of parental style both between and within the two countries. Fathers were reported to be more authoritarian than mothers, and mothers to be more authoritative. Higher levels of authoritarian parenting by fathers was found in the American data. Some parental authority measures were associated with the students’ self-esteem, and all of these involved paternal authority. Paternal authoritarian parenting was negatively associated with the students’ self-esteem in the Turkish data, with paternal authoritative parenting positively associated with the self-esteem of the American students only. The study’s findings suggest that researchers should not ignore differences in parental authority style between mothers and fathers, nor differences between different countries. In particular, the role of fathers should not be overlooked.
Online Teaching Practices During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Noor Shaista , Isa Filzah Md. , Mazhar Faizan Farid
Published: November 2020

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a remarkable economic impact worldwide, including in Pakistan, and was soon declared an international public health issue. The education sector in Pakistan, specifically school (K-12) education, has seen a staggering impact due to obstacles in delivering alternative forms of education during the pandemic. Educational institutions in Pakistan closed on March 13, 2020, and then, on April 13, 2020, the Ministry of Education, in collaboration with the Information and Broadcasting Ministry, announced the launch of a “tele-schooling” initiative. Teaching staff, who are arguably the most vital resource in any schooling system, faced considerable physical, mental, and financial challenges due to an overnight shift to an online mode of teaching, with issues concerning inadequate digital pedagogical knowledge and infrastructure limitations relating mostly to power connectivity. The current study investigated the perception of Pakistani school teachers regarding their online teaching practices during the COVID-19 pandemic. In the study, a qualitative research strategy was adopted, with semi-structured interviews conducted via Skype with 10 school teachers from Pakistan’s renowned Army Public School and College System (APSACS) schools located in the Rawalpindi and Islamabad regions of the country. Saldana’s (2016) structured inductive data analysis method was used in analyzing the collected data. The study’s results highlighted the issues and challenges confronted by school teachers in delivering online lessons via Google Classroom, Zoom, and Microsoft Teams such as high-cost Internet packages, uncooperative learners, low attendance of learners, teachers’ technology confidence, limited availability of educational resources, lack of ICT knowledge, and poor network infrastructure. However, the creativity, dedication, and community spirit which the school teachers demonstrated in working with very limited facilities were exemplary. Hence, based on the study’s findings, changes were proposed as a way forward. It is hoped that the study’s findings will help policymakers and the Ministry of Education in Pakistan to focus more on human capital development, interpersonal development, communication and technology management training, and support programs, especially for school teachers as the foundation of the next and future generations.
O perfil e a trajetória dos bacharéis e tecnólogos da área de gerenciamento e administração: estudo comparativo
Authors: Giordano Prof. Dr. Carlos Vital , Matos Sandra , Gonçalves Luiz Cláudio
Published: November 2020

A presente pesquisa apresenta como tema os Bacharéis e Tecnólogos da área de Gerenciamento e Administração graduados em instituições de ensino superior privadas do Estado de São Paulo, que utilizam o custo praticado em suas mensalidades para atrair novos discentes. Objetiva comparar o perfil e a trajetória de profissionais que concluíram Cursos de Bacharelado e, igualmente, aqueles que concluíram Cursos Superiores de Tecnologia na área de Gerenciamento e Administração, entre os anos de 2004 e 2015. Consideraram-se validos apenas questionários de respondentes graduados em instituições que anunciavam valores de mensalidades próximos ao salário mínimo de 2016, ou ofertavam bolsas de estudo e descontos para atrair novos estudantes. Os resultados comprovaram que o grau acadêmico de ensino superior promove diferenciação na carreira dos egressos da área de Gerenciamento e Administração.
Estudo sobre as condições das paradas de ônibus na cidade de São Paulo
Authors: Wesley da Silva de Brito Alex , Constantino Santos Jefferson , Azevedo Gonçalves Milene , Da Silva Marques Renan , Fontana Adriane Monteiro
Published: November 2020

O transporte coletivo por ônibus é um dos serviços mais utilizados em São Paulo, e as instalações necessárias a seu bom funcionamento são fundamentais. O objetivo deste trabalho foi mostrar a situação que se encontram os pontos de ônibus na cidade de São Paulo através de sua divisão por regiões (centro, norte, sul, leste e oeste) e compará-las com um ponto ideal, ou seja, que atenda a população de forma confortável e segura, incluindo pessoas portadoras de deficiências como cadeirantes e deficientes visuais. Foram realizadas pesquisas bibliográficas, de campo e de opinião, e pode-se concluir que as condições dos pontos existentes não são satisfatórias, sendo que um dos itens que a população julga mais importante é a cobertura em um ponto de ônibus, assim como a devida atenção as pessoas com deficiência, ou seja, aspectos básicos.
Balanço social: análise dos modelos praticados atualmente e indícios de padronização em empresas que fazem parte do índice de sustentabilidade empresarial
Authors: De Aguiar Letícia Garrido , De Oliveira Taís Cristina
Published: November 2020

O objetivo deste estudo é fazer análise dos Balanços Sociais publicados pelas empresas no modelo feito pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Análise Sociais e Econômicas (Ibase), que fazem parte da carteira do Índice de Sustentabilidade Empresarial (ISE) e verificar se essas empresas publicaram informações semelhantes, relevantes e se houve uma padronização.  A metodologia utilizada neste trabalho foi o método quantitativo e as técnicas utilizadas foram a amostragem não probabilista e a tabulação.  A amostra é composta por 14 empresas que publicaram, em 2014, os Balanços Sociais no modelo nacional Ibase, sendo que todas as informações de todos os Balanços Sociais foram analisadas. Foi estabelecido o score de corte de 64% com base em valores absolutos, sendo que este valor pode ser considerado significativo, pois a próxima porcentagem é de 29%. Como não há um meio termo entre estes valores, as informações relevantes e que estariam em um possível padrão seriam as publicadas por 64% ou mais das empresas. Foram encontradas informações semelhantes e relevantes entre as empresas e por isso, evidenciaram um possível padrão.
Biodiesel and the search for a balance between society, environment and healthy
Authors: Fazani Esteves Sanches Rodrigo , Gaspar Negrini Yamashiro Mariana , Lima Santos Priscila , Machado Tambor José Humberto
Published: November 2020

É inegável a importância de diferentes matrizes energéticas no processo de desenvolvimento da sociedade, contudo, o consumo de combustíveis fósseis tem aumentado a poluição atmosférica e se tornado uma grave ameaça à saúde da população. O diesel, mesmo que seu uso seja inferior ao da gasolina, possui um perfil de emissões muito mais nocivo. Os biocombustíveis são uma alternativa presente e eficiente na mitigação dos gases do efeito estufa e material particulado na substituição ou na mistura com os combustíveis fósseis. Pesquisas apontam que os sistemas mais afetados pela dessa poluição são os respiratórios, circulatórios e reprodutivos. Dados recentes da Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) mostram que somente o material particulado é responsável por 7 milhões de mortes no mundo em função principalmente de problemas respiratórios. O presente estudo pesquisou na literatura científica os benefícios na produção de biodiesel e sua contribuição na mitigação dos efeitos negativos causados pela poluição atmosférica. O biodiesel, é capaz de reduzir substancialmente as emissões de gases provenientes da combustão incompleta do diesel fóssil e com o diferencial da captura de carbono (CO2) na fase do cultivo da soja, principal matéria prima brasileira.
Kultura ludowa jako element promocji regionu kurpiowskiego
Authors: Bieńkowska-Gołasa Wioletta , Nasiadka Dominika
Published: November 2020

Celem artykułu była odpowiedź na pytanie, czy kultura ludowa może mieć wpływ na promocję regionu na przykładzie kurpiowszczyzny? Interpretacja wyników badań wskazuje, iż region kurpiowski jest otwarty i przyjazny dla turystów. Wyroby regionalne, folklor natomiast stały się jednym z głównych czynników promujących Kurpie.
Edukacyjne i rekreacyjne funkcje leśnych ogrodów botanicznych
Authors: Pietrzak-Zawadka Joanna , Zawadka Jan
Published: November 2020

Na przestrzeni wieków ogrody botaniczne pełniły wiele różnorodnych funkcji, z których najważniejszą było gromadzenie i udostępnianie zainteresowanym rozmaitych kolekcji roślin. Początkowo kolekcje takie obejmowały głównie rośliny lecznicze służące edukacji przyszłych lekarzy czy farmaceutów. Z czasem jednostki te realizowały funkcje edukacyjne, rekreacyjne, a nierzadko kulturalne. Nadzór nad obiektami pełnią różne jednostki państwowe czy prywatne. W artykule przybliżono funkcje ogrodów botanicznych administrowanych przez Państwowe Gospodarstwo Leśne Lasy Państwowe (PGL LP) ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem ich roli edukacyjnej i rekreacyjnej.