bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research on Factors That Influence the Fast Charging Behavior of Private Battery Electric Vehicles
Authors: Yang Ye , Tan Zhongfu , Ren Yilong
Published: April 2020

Due to the limited power cell performance of battery electric vehicles (BEVs), BEV drivers endure a short cruising range and a long charging time. Additionally, uneven charging facilities and unreasonable charging arrangements result in partial queuing and partial idling of charging stations. To solve these problems, it is critical to understand BEV charging behavior and its influential factors. Considering the urgency of BEV charging, BEV drivers tend to choose fast charging when BEV is in driving state. This study investigates fast charging behavior by utilizing private BEV connected data collected from Beijing. First, 130 private BEVs with travel rules were screened out. Using seven months of BEV data, a total of 15,752 trajectories were identified, among which 2161 have fast charging behavior. According to the relationship between fast charging behavior and some influential factors, including battery modeling, driving behavior, weather and environment, and even user habit, were empirically investigated. Moreover, the battery state of charge at the start time, time-origin, travel time duration, driving distance, driving speed, wind power, temperature, and last-fast-status are determined as significant influencing factors. Lastly, a prediction model based on the significant factors is proposed to estimate whether there is fast charging in a day trajectory. The proposed model achieves the best accuracy over compared models, i.e., univariate linear regression (ULR) with several factors and multivariate linear regression (MLR) model. The study is expected to help better understand fast charging behavior and further contribute to the future improvement of fast charging efficiency.
Panel FMOLS Model Analysis of the Effects of Livestock Support Policies on Sustainable Animal Presence in Turkey
Authors: Erdal Hilmi , Erdal Gülistan
Published: April 2020

This paper studied the effects of livestock support policies applied in Turkey. The effects of the support policies were built upon the change in the cattle presence data. Full Modified Ordinary Least Square (FMOLS) model was used in the analysis. In the panel dataset which was created for the study, the time period was taken as the years between 2004 and 2014 and the cross-section was 26 sub-regions. The results of panel FMOLS test for both the total livestock supports and each support component presents important details. According to the results of the analyses, a 1.0% increase in livestock supports leads to a 0.3% increase in animal presence in Turkey. On the other hand, it is stated that the utilization rate of the support payments is high in the western regions, whereas it is comparatively low in the eastern and interior regions in Turkey although the appliance of the policies is carried out in the same way, since animal presence in western regions in terms of fertile races is higher. This situation reveals the importance of breeders of high conscience, educational level, and agricultural income besides organized associations and provincial organizations.
Organizational Democracy in the Private Sector: A Field Research
Authors: Bilge Hurriyet , Barbuta-Misu Nicoleta , Zungun Deniz , Virlanuta Florina Oana , Guven Huseyin
Published: April 2020

The process of organizational democracy involves a process of associating employees’ participation and satisfaction in business processes, increased innovation, increased stakeholder engagement and ultimately increased organizational performance. Organizations and the people that form the organization adapt democracy to achieve social and economic goals by making use of the blessings of democracy. In this way, they aim to reach their goals and to include all members of the organization in the process while achieving these goals, and to sustain the stability. The main purpose of this study is to analyze the democracy perceptions of blue and white collar employees in the private sector through organizational democracy scales, by using various variables and to contribute to the existing literature. The sample of the study constitutes 209 people, white and blue collar employees at various levels in medium and large scale enterprises in the Manisa Organized Industrial Zone in Turkey. As a result of the study, it is seen that married employees and employees who think that their expertise in the job is good have the power to criticize their businesses and exhibit participation. In addition, it has been concluded that employees that are high school graduates see management fairer in terms of salary than other graduates. Another finding in the study is about the size of the pre-work life centers of the workplace. Perceptions and attitudes of the people living in metropolitan and provincial center metros before work observed that more equality was observed in the workplaces than those living in the district centers.
Image Zooming Based on Two Classes of C1-Continuous Coons Patches Construction with Shape Parameters over Triangular Domain
Authors: Tang Yunyi , Zhu Yuanpeng
Published: April 2020

Image interpolation is important in image zooming. To improve the quality of image zooming, in this work, we proposed a class of rational quadratic trigonometric Hermite functions with two shape parameters and two classes of C 1 -continuous Coons patches constructions over a triangular domain by improved side–side method and side–vertex method. Altering the values of shape parameters can adjust the interior shape of the triangular Coons patch without influencing the function values and partial derivatives of the boundaries. In order to deal with the problem of well-posedness in image zooming, we discussed symmetrical sufficient conditions for region control of shape parameters in the improved side–side method and side–vertex method. Some examples demonstrate the proposed methods are effective in surface design and digital image zooming. C 1 -continuous Coons patches constructed by the proposed methods can interpolate to scattered 3D data. By up-sampling to the constructed interpolation surface, high-resolution images can be obtained. Image zooming experiment and analysis show that compared to bilinear, bicubic, iterative curvature-based interpolation (ICBI), novel edge orientation adaptive interpolation scheme for resolution enhancement of still images (NEDI), super-resolution using iterative Wiener filter based on nonlocal means (SR-NLM) and rational ball cubic B-spline (RBC), the proposed method can improve peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) and structural similarity index (SSIM). Edge detection using Prewitt operator shows that the proposed method can better preserve sharp edges and textures in image zooming. The proposed methods can also improve the visual effect of the image, therefore it is efficient in computation for image zooming.
Control of Robot Arm Motion Using Trapezoid Fuzzy Two-Degree-of-Freedom PID Algorithm
Authors: Bi Meng
Published: April 2020

Symmetries play very important in the dynamics of robot systems. The relevant control of robot arm motion with fault diagnosis including the optimized fuzzy algorithm based on the error rate adjustment P, I, D value (Fuzzy PID algorithm) model relies on symmetry principles. A robot is a kind of mechanical device that can program and perform certain operations and mobile tasks under automatic control. The manipulator is a very complex multi-input multi-output non-linear system and the main actuator of the robot. This paper focuses on the design of a control algorithm for a two-degree-of-freedom (2-DOF) manipulator. First, the mathematical model of a 2-DOF articulated manipulator is established, that is, the functional relationship between the input driving force vector and the output rotation angle vector of a 2-DOF manipulator. Then, a set of trajectory planning algorithms are designed by using gradient model control, which can calculate the trajectory of the end-effector of a 2-DOF manipulator according to the user’s task requirements. The experimental results verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
Can a Dynamic Reward–Penalty Mechanism Help the Implementation of Renewable Portfolio Standards under Information Asymmetry?
Authors: Xin Xing
Published: April 2020

To further promote the low-carbon and sustainable development of China’s power industry, the Chinese government is vigorously introducing competition into power sales market. Simultaneously, On November 15, 2018, the National Development and Reform Commission issued the “Notice on Implementing the Renewable Portfolio Standards (Draft)” to propose the implementation of power sales side Renewable Portfolio Standards (RPS), which cannot be realized without an effective government regulation mechanism. However, information asymmetry and the limited rationality of the regulatory agencies and private power sales companies in the regulation process make the regulatory effect uncertain to the detriment of a sustainable regulation of the power industry. Thus, it is necessary to optimize the regulation mechanism of the RPS policy in China. We considered the competitive relationship between integrated power sales companies and independent power sales companies, and established an evolutionary game model based on a limited rationality. We also analyzed the implementation effects of the static reward penalty mechanism and dynamic reward penalty mechanism, respectively. The system dynamics (SD) simulation results showed that under the static reward penalty mechanism, there is no evolutionary stable equilibrium solution, and there will be volatility that exists in the evolution process. However, the dynamic reward penalty mechanism can effectively solve these problems. What is more, our results implied that governments should formulate appropriate RPS quotas, improve the green certificate trading mechanism, and take into account the market size of power sales while implementing RPS policy.
Polarized Initial States of Primordial Gravitational Waves
Authors: Kanno Sugumi , Soda Jiro
Published: April 2020

Polarizations of primordial gravitational waves can be relevant when considering an inflationary universe in modified gravity or when matter fields survive during inflation. Such polarizations have been discussed in the Bunch–Davies vacuum. Instead of taking into account the dynamical generation of polarizations of gravitational waves, in this paper, we consider polarized initial states constructed from S U ( 2 ) coherent states. We then evaluate the power spectrums of the primordial gravitational waves in the states.
Exact Mechanical Hierarchy of Non-Linear Fractional-Order Hereditariness
Authors: Alotta Gioacchino , Bologna Emanuela , Zingales Massimiliano
Published: April 2020

Non-local time evolution of material stress/strain is often referred to as material hereditariness. In this paper, the widely used non-linear approach to single integral time non-local mechanics named quasi-linear approach is proposed in the context of fractional differential calculus. The non-linear model of the springpot is defined in terms of a single integral with separable kernel endowed with a non-linear transform of the state variable that allows for the use of Boltzmann superposition. The model represents a self-similar hierarchy that allows for a time-invariance as the result of the application of the conservation laws at any resolution scale. It is shown that the non-linear springpot possess an equivalent mechanical hierarchy in terms of a functionally-graded elastic column resting on viscous dashpots with power-law decay of the material properties. Some numerical applications are reported to show the capabilities of the proposed model.
Designating Regional Elements System in a Critical Infrastructure System in the Context of the Czech Republic
Authors: Novotny Petr , Janosikova Michaela
Published: April 2020

Critical infrastructure is a complex system whose disruption or failure results in significant impacts on state interests, i.e., territorial security, economy, and the basic needs of the population. The current European Critical Infrastructure Protection Model does not allow the direct identification of critical elements at the regional level. Based on this, the paper brings a proposal for a unified system of critical infrastructure design based on a bottom-up approach. It is a progressive approach, utilizing contemporary trends in the application of science-based knowledge to critical infrastructure. A holistic view of this issue allows us to take into account the needs and preferences of the population, the preferences of the stakeholders and the local conditions of the region under consideration. The novelty of this approach is seen, in particular, in the identification of regional critical infrastructure elements through an integral assessment of these elements’ failure impact, not only on the dependent subsectors, but also on the population (population equivalent) in the assessed region. The final part of the paper presents a case study demonstrating the practical application of the proposed system to the road infrastructure in the Pardubice Region of the Czech Republic.
Demonstration of the Effect of Centre of Mass Height on Postural Sway Using Accelerometry for Balance Analysis
Authors: Ojie Oseikhuemen Osemekhian Davis , Saatchi Reza , Saatchi Mahdieh
Published: April 2020

The effect of center of mass (COM) height on stand-still postural sway analysis was studied. For this purpose, a measurement apparatus was set up that included an accelerometry device attached to a rod: three plumb lines, positioned at 50, 75 and 100 cm to an end of the rod, each supported a plumb bob. Using a vice mechanism, the rod was inclined from vertical (0 degree inclination) in steps of 5 degrees to 90 degrees. For each inclination, the corresponding inclination angle was manually measured by a protractor and the positions of the three plumb bobs on the ground surface were also manually measured using a tape measure. Algebraic operations were used to calculate the inclination angle and the associated displacements of the plumb bobs on the ground surface from the accelerometry data. For each inclination angle, the manual and accelerometry calculated ground displacement were close. The height of COM, where the measurement was taken, affected the projected displacement on the ground surface. The COM height had a nonlinear double-effect relationship with sway as it can affect both the angle and projected sway. Normalization of the COM height was used to reduce this effect for comparison purposes.
Use Ultra-Wideband Discone Rectenna for Broadband RF Energy Harvesting Applications
Authors: Tampouratzis Manolis G. , Vouyioukas Demosthenes , Stratakis Dimitrios , Yioultsis Traianos
Published: April 2020

In this study, a broadband Radio Frequency (RF) energy harvester implementation is presented. The system uses a broadband discone antenna, which can operate efficiently in a broad frequency spectrum, including LTE, DCS 1800 and UMTS 2100 cellular frequency bands. The system is able to harvest energy from various electromagnetic field sources, thus has the potential to efficiently charge a storage energy element in a short time. The prototype broadband RF energy harvester was tested in the laboratory and also in a typical urban environment.
Application of LC–MS/MS in the Mycotoxins Studies
Authors: Gámiz-Gracia Laura , García-Campaña Ana M. , Arroyo-Manzanares Natalia
Published: April 2020

Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by fungi of different species (mainly Aspergillus, Fusarium, and Penicillium) with toxic effects for humans and animals that can contaminate food and feed [...]
Change of Amino Acid Residues in Idiotypic Nanobodies Enhanced the Sensitivity of Competitive Enzyme Immunoassay for Mycotoxin Ochratoxin A in Cereals
Authors: Zhang Caixia , Zhang Weiqi , Tang Xiaoqian , Zhang Qi , Zhang Wen , Li Peiwu
Published: April 2020

Anti-idiotypic nanobodies, usually expressed by gene engineering protocol, has been shown as a nontoxic coating antigen for toxic compound immunoassays. We here focused on how to increase immunoassay sensitivity by changing the nanobody’s primary sequence. In the experiments, two anti-idiotype nanobodies against monoclonal antibody 1H2, which is specific to ochratoxin A, were obtained and named as nontoxic coating antigen 1 (NCA1) and nontoxic coating antigen 2 (NCA2). Three differences between the nanobodies were discovered. First, there are six amino acid residues (AAR) of changes in the complementarity determining region (CDR), which compose the antigen-binding site. One of them locates in CDR1 (I–L), two of them in CDR2 (G–D, E–K), and three of them in CDR3 (Y–H, Y–W). Second, the affinity constant of NCA1 was tested as 1.20 × 108 L mol−1, which is about 4 times lower than that of NCA2 (5.36 × 108 L mol−1). Third, the sensitivity (50% inhibition concentration) of NCA1 for OTA was shown as 0.052 ng mL−1, which was 3.5 times lower than that of nontoxic coating antigen 2 (0.015 ng mL−1). The results indicate that the AAR changes in CDR of the anti-idiotypic nanobodies, from nonpolar to polar, increasing the affinity constant may enhance the immunoassay sensitivity. In addition, by using the nontoxic coating antigen 2 to substitute the routine synthetic toxic antigen, we established an eco-friendly and green enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method for rapid detection of ochratoxin A in cereals. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of optimized ELISA was 0.017 ng mL−1 with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.003 ng mL−1. The optimized immunoassay showed that the average recoveries of spiked corn, rice, and wheat were between 80% and 114.8%, with the relative standard deviation (RSD) ranging from 3.1–12.3%. Therefore, we provided not only basic knowledge on how to improve the structure of anti-idiotype nanobody for increasing assay sensitivity, but also an available eco-friendly ELISA for ochratoxin A in cereals.
Automated Classification of Massive Spectra Based on Enhanced Multi-Scale Coded Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Jiang Bin , Wei Donglai , Liu Jiazhen , Wang Shuting , Cheng Liyun , Wang Zihao , Qu Meixia
Published: April 2020

The Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST) has produced massive medium-resolution spectra. Data mining for special and rare stars in massive LAMOST spectra is of great significance. Feature extraction plays an important role in the process of automatic spectra classification. The proper classification network can extract most of the common spectral features with minimum noise and individual features. Such a network has better generalization capabilities and can extract sufficient features for classification. A variety of classification networks of one dimension and two dimensions are both designed and implemented systematically in this paper to verify whether spectra is easier to deal with in a 2D situation. The experimental results show that the fully connected neural network cannot extract enough features. Although convolutional neural network (CNN) with a strong feature extraction capability can quickly achieve satisfactory results on the training set, there is a tendency for overfitting. Signal-to-noise ratios also have effects on the network. To investigate the problems above, various techniques are tested and the enhanced multi-scale coded convolutional neural network (EMCCNN) is proposed and implemented, which can perform spectral denoising and feature extraction at different scales in a more efficient manner. In a specified search, eight known and one possible cataclysmic variables (CVs) in LAMOST MRS are identified by EMCCNN including four CVs, one dwarf nova and three novae. The result supplements the spectra of CVs. Furthermore, these spectra are the first medium-resolution spectra of CVs. The EMCCNN model can be easily extended to search for other rare stellar spectra.
Determination of Protein Interactions among Replication Components of Apple Necrotic Mosaic Virus
Authors: Zhang Zhen-Lu , Zhang Fu-Jun , Zheng Peng-Fei , Xie Yin-Huan , You Chun-Xiang , Hao Yu-Jin
Published: April 2020

Apple mosaic disease is one of the most widely distributed and destructive diseases in apple cultivation worldwide, especially in China, whose apple yields account for more than 50% of the global total. Apple necrotic mosaic virus (ApNMV) is a newly identified ilarvirus that is closely associated with apple mosaic disease in China; however, basic viral protein interactions that play key roles in virus replication and the viral life cycle have not been determined in ApNMV. Here, we first identify an ApNMV–Lw isolate that belongs to subgroup 3 in the genus Ilarvirus. ApNMV–Lw was used to investigate interactions among viral components. ApNMV 1a and 2apol, encoded by RNA1 and RNA2, respectively, were co-localized in plant cell cytoplasm. ApNMV 1a interacted with itself at both the inter- and intramolecular levels, and its N-terminal portion played a key role in these interactions. 1a also interacted with 2apol, and 1a’s C-terminal, together with 2apol’s N-terminal, was required for this interaction. Moreover, the first 115 amino acids of 2apol were sufficient for permitting the 1a–2apol interaction. This study provides insight into the protein interactions among viral replication components of ApNMV, facilitating future investigations on its pathogenicity, as well as the development of strategies to control the virus and disease.
Preclinical Efficacy of a Trivalent Human FcγRI-Targeted Adjuvant-Free Subunit Mucosal Vaccine against Pulmonary Pneumococcal Infection
Authors: Kumar Sudeep , Sunagar Raju , Gosselin Edmund J.
Published: April 2020

Lack of safe and effective mucosal adjuvants has severely hampered the development of mucosal subunit vaccines. In this regard, we have previously shown that immunogenicity of vaccine antigens can be improved by targeting the antigens to the antigen-presenting cells. Specifically, groups of mice immunized intranasally with a fusion protein (Bivalent-FP) containing a fragment of pneumococcal-surface-protein-A (PspA) as antigen and a single-chain bivalent antibody raised against the anti-human Fc-gamma-receptor-I (hFcγRI) elicited protective immunity to pulmonary Streptococcus pneumoniae infection. In order to further enhance the immunogenicity, an additional hFcγRI-binding moiety of the single chain antibody was incorporated. The modified vaccine (Trivalent-FP) induced significantly improved protection against lethal pulmonary S. pneumoniae challenge compared to Bivalent-FP. In addition, the modified vaccine exhibited over 85% protection with only two immunizations. Trivalent-FP also induced S. pneumoniae-specific systemic and mucosal antibodies. Moreover, Trivalent-FP also induced IL-17- and IL-22-producing CD4+ T cells. Furthermore, it was found that the hFcγRI facilitated uptake and presentation of Trivalent-FP. In addition, Trivalent-FP also induced IL-1α, MIP-1α, and TNF-α; modulated recruitment of dendritic cells and macrophages; and induced CD80/86 and MHC-II expression on antigen presenting cells.
Human Cytomegalovirus Congenital (cCMV) Infection Following Primary and Nonprimary Maternal Infection: Perspectives of Prevention through Vaccine Development
Authors: Gerna Giuseppe , Lilleri Daniele
Published: April 2020

Congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) might occur as a result of the human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) primary (PI) or nonprimary infection (NPI) in pregnant women. Immune correlates of protection against cCMV have been partly identified only for PI. Following either PI or NPI, HCMV strains undergo latency. From a diagnostic standpoint, while the serological criteria for the diagnosis of PI are well-established, those for the diagnosis of NPI are still incomplete. Thus far, a recombinant gB subunit vaccine has provided the best results in terms of partial protection. This partial efficacy was hypothetically attributed to the post-fusion instead of the pre-fusion conformation of the gB present in the vaccine. Future efforts should be addressed to verify whether a new recombinant gB pre-fusion vaccine would provide better results in terms of prevention of both PI and NPI. It is still a matter of debate whether human hyperimmune globulin are able to protect from HCMV vertical transmission. In conclusion, the development of an HCMV vaccine that would prevent a significant portion of PI would be a major step forward in the development of a vaccine for both PI and NPI.
Nitric Oxide as a Potential Adjuvant Therapeutic for Neuroblastoma: Effects of NO on Murine N2a Cells
Authors: Gordon Jenna L. , Reynolds Melissa M. , Brown Mark A.
Published: April 2020

Neuroblastoma, the most common extracranial solid tumor in children, accounts for 15% of all pediatric cancer deaths. Pharmaceutical applications of S-Nitrosylation, which, under normal conditions is involved with a host of epigenetic and embryological development pathways, have exhibited great potential for use as adjuvant therapeutics in the clinical management of cancer. Herein, an evaluation of the impact of nitric oxide (NO) as a potent anticancer agent on murine neuroblastoma cells is presented. Excitingly cell viability, colony formation, and non-carcinogenic cell analysis illustrate the significance and practicality of NO as a cytotoxic anticancer therapeutic. Resazurin, WST-8 (2-(2-methoxy-4-nitrophenyl)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-5-(2,4-disulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium, monosodium salt), and MTT (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphyltetrazolium bromide) assays consistently displayed a moderate, ~20–25% reduction in cell viability after exposure to 1 mM S-Nitrosoglutathione (GSNO). A colony formation assay demonstrated that treated cells no longer exhibited colony formation capacity. Identically GSNO-treated Adult Human Dermal Fibroblasts (HDFa) exhibited no decrease in viability, indicating potential discrimination between neoplastic and normal cells. Collectively, our findings indicate a potential application for NO as an adjuvant therapeutic in the clinical management of neuroblastoma.
Landsat Hourly Evapotranspiration Flux Assessment using Lysimeters for the Texas High Plains
Authors: Hashem Ahmed A. , Engel Bernard A. , Bralts Vincent F. , Marek Gary W. , Moorhead Jerry E. , Rashad Mohamed , Radwan Sherif , Gowda Prasanna H.
Published: April 2020

Evapotranspiration (ET) is one of the biggest data gaps in water management due to limited ET measurements, and further, spatial variability in ET is difficult to capture. Satellite-based ET estimation has great potential for water resources planning as it allows estimation of agricultural water use at field, landscape, and watershed scales. However, uncertainties with satellite data derived ET are a major concern. This study evaluates hourly satellite-based ET from 2001–2010 for the growing season (May–October) under irrigated and dryland conditions for both tall and short crops. The evaluation was conducted using observed ET from four large weighing lysimeters at the United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) Conservation and Production Research Laboratory in Bushland, Texas. Hourly ET from satellite data were derived using the Mapping Evapotranspiration at High Resolution with Internalized Calibration (METRIC) model. Performance statistics showed that satellite-based hourly estimates compared to lysimeter measurements provided good performance with an root-mean-square error(RMSE) of 0.14 mm, Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) of 0.57, and R2 of 0.62 for ET for dryland crops, and RMSE of 0.16, NSE of 0.63, and R2 of 0.65 for irrigated crops. METRIC provided accurate hourly ET estimates that may be useful for irrigation scheduling and other water resources management purposes based on the hourly assessment.
Impacts of Climate Change and Land Use/Cover Change on Streamflow in Beichuan River Basin in Qinghai Province, China
Authors: Liu Zhe , Cuo Lan , Li Qijiang , Liu Xisheng , Ma Xuelian , Liang Liqiao , Ding Jin
Published: April 2020

Climate change (CC) and land use/cover change (LUCC) are the main drivers of streamflow change. In this study, the effects of CC and LUCC on streamflow regime as well as their spatial variability were examined by using the Distributed Hydrology Soil Vegetation Model (DHSVM) for the Beichuan River Basin in the northeast Tibetan Plateau. The results showed that CC increased annual and maximum streamflow in the upstream but decreased them in the downstream. CC also enhanced minimum streamflow in the whole river basin and advanced the occurrence of daily minimum streamflow. Temperature change exerted greater influence on streamflow regime than wind speed change did in most situations, but the impact of wind speed on streamflow reflected the characteristics of accumulative effects, which may require more attention in future, especially in large river basins. As for LUCC, cropland expansion and reservoir operation were the primary reasons for streamflow reduction. Cropland expansion contributed more to annual mean streamflow change, whereas reservoir operation greatly altered monthly streamflow pattern and extreme streamflow. Reservoir regulation also postponed the timing of minimum streamflow and extended durations of average, high, and low streamflow. Spatially, CC and LUCC played predominant roles in the upstream and the downstream, respectively.
Urban Multi-Source Water Supply in China: Variation Tendency, Modeling Methods and Challenges
Authors: Song Peibing , Wang Chao , Zhang Wei , Liu Weifeng , Sun Jiahui , Wang Xiaoying , Lei Xiaohui , Wang Hao
Published: April 2020

Urban water resources are the basis for the formation and development of cities and the source of urban water supply. However, with the acceleration of urbanization and the explosion of urban populations, the contradiction between water supply and demand in some areas, especially in big cities, has become increasingly prominent. It is simply not sufficient to rely on local conventional water resources to meet urban water demand, and a single source water supply mode has a higher vulnerability, resulting in greater safety risks in urban or regional water supply systems. Therefore, giving full play to the water supply capacity and carrying out multi-source water supplies are necessary and urgent. This paper gives an overview of the optimal allocation of multi-source for urban water supply concerning variation tendency, modeling methods and facing challenges. Based on the variation tendency of water consumption and water supply pattern in China, Tianjin is taken as a typical city for systematically outlining water supply changes and cause analysis. Subsequently, the modeling methods for proposing the optimal allocation scheme are summarized, which are composed of defining the topological relation, constructing the mathematical model and seeking the optimal solution. Ultimately, the current and emerging challenges are discussed including emergency operation of multi-source water supply and joint operation of water quality and quantity. These summaries and prospects provide a valuable reference for giving full play to the multi-source water supply capacity and carrying out relevant research so as to propose the optimal allocation scheme in urban multi-source water supply systems.
A Admiração influencia o julgamento sobre o machucar?:
Authors: Chul Choi Paulo Yoo , Caetano Luciana Maria , Alves Veiga Dell' Agli Betânia
Published: April 2020

A Teoria do Domínio Social é uma abordagem contemporânea de psicologia cognitivo social que investiga o papel da especificidade dos eventos sociais no desenvolvimento moral e considera que os julgamentos sobre os fenômenos sociais podem ser interpretados de acordo com diferentes domínios. Tomando como base os pressupostos dessa teoria, os objetivos da pesquisa foram: investigar o papel da admiração nos julgamentos das crianças e os critérios de julgamentos sobre quatro situações envolvendo o machucar, compararando quando os protagonistas são personagens genéricas e quando são personagens do desenho animado Frozen. 53 crianças entre 5 e 10 anos de idade participaram da pesquisa. Foram realizadas entrevistas estruturadas individuais sobre a obrigatoriedade, alterabilidade, universalização da regra e independência da autoridade. Os resultados demonstraram que a admiração ao personagem do desenho influenciou os julgamentos em algumas situações e que as respostas às diferentes situações de machucar possuíam preocupações convencionais, negligenciando a preocupação com o outro. Por fim, sugere-se que outras pesquisas sejam realizadas para compreender melhor a variável admiração e os diferentes tipos de julgamentos sobre eventos de domínios prévios como o machucar.
A Educação física desportiva generalizada nos cursos de aperfeiçoamento didático no brasil na década de 1950
Authors: Bicalho da Cunha Luciana
Published: April 2020

Este trabalho tem por objetivo discutir a presença da Educação Física Desportiva Generalizada (EFDG) em cursos de aperfeiçoamento pedagógicos realizados em diferentes estados brasileiros na década de 1950 com o propósito de modernizar a atuação docente. Levou-se, portanto, em consideração a abordagem da Histórica Cultural, buscando estabelecer a conexão entre o que fora proposto e as diferentes formas de apropriação de um dado saber e prática, bem como reconhecer os sujeitos mediadores que contribuíram para a sua circulação. Com base em fontes documentais, como periódicos e materiais didáticos, e depoimentos orais,  pode-se constatar que ideias e práticas postas em circulação nos cursos, simbolizadas pelos gestos, pelas demonstrações e por anotações de estruturas e atividades de aula, se tornaram a base para a divulgação da EFDG em outros espaços, como a imprensa periódica e o currículo das escolas de Educação Física do período.
A modernidade artística e educacional de Guido Viaro
Authors: Dellalibera de Mello Graciele , De Meira Letícia Mara , Bueno Alexandra Padilha
Published: April 2020

O livro A Modernidade no sótão: Educação e Arte em Guido Viaro (2008), analisa a relação do projeto artístico e cultural do artista em questão, na cidade de Curitiba, entre as décadas de 1930 e meados de 1960. O intelectual trouxe à cena artística e educacional, discussões sobre a autonomia dos alunos, a valorização da expressão individual e a influência do modernismo na arte. Para tanto a autora, Dulce Regina Baggio Osinski, mobiliza um aporte teórico acerca da ideia de modernidade que perpassa a cena cultural, da literatura às artes plásticas, incluindo a discussão geracional e de trajetória intelectual. Com acuro na narrativa histórica, Osinski constrói argumentos e mobiliza estratégias de enredamento, de forma a instigar a continuidade da leitura, onde Guido Viaro é um personagem complexo, sedutor, contraditório e inconcluso.
Wire-line log-based stratigraphy of flood basalts from the Lopra-1/1A well, Faroe Islands
Authors: Boldreel Lars O.
Published: April 2020

The present study shows that it is possible to use conventional borehole logs to perform a detailed lithological/stratigraphical division of a column of subaerially extruded basalt. A stratigraphical division of the subaerial flood basalts penetrated by the Lopra-1/1A well has been carried out using new wire-line logging data measured in 1996 in the interval 200–2489 m depth. Resistivity data acquired in the interval 200–2178 m depth during 1981 after the initial drilling of the Lopra-1 well have also been incorporated. Eighty-six individual flow units, 18 compound flows and two dolerite dykes have been identified by combining the NPHI porosity, RHOB density, P-, S- and Stonely-sonic transit time, calliper and resistivity logs. Fifty-two sedimentary/tuffaceous layers have also been identified using the CGR and SGR gamma ray and potassium logs in combination with the aforementioned logs. Within the flow units, sonic velocity, density and resistivity are highest in the core where porosity is lowest. This relation is reversed in the uppermost and basal zones of the flow units. The sonic velocity in the core seems to be independent of the thickness of the flow unit. Porous zones seem abundant in some cores and the total section of cores containing porous zones constitutes more than 70% of the thickness of its flow unit, but where porous zones are absent the core makes up only roughly 50% of the thickness of the flow. It is suggested that the flow units with porous cores represent aa flows (88% of the flow units) and the others pahoehoe flows (12% of the flow units). The log pattern of the flow units (crust, core and basal zone) is similar to log patterns reported from other basalt plateaux. However the patterns in Lopra-1/1A show a larger variation than elsewhere, suggesting that the flow units are more complex vertically than previously thought. Statistical analysis of P-, S- and Stonely-waves, RHOB, NPHI, resistivity, gamma and calliper logs has been carried out. Cross-plots based on the lithological divisions have been produced that show a pronounced reduction in scattering versus P-sonic transit time and P- and S-sonic, RHOB and NPHI logs correlate with depth. The geochemical logs do not reflect the cyclic structure of the flow units and probably represent the primary composition of the basalt. The thorium log especially indicates flow units with high and low radioactivity and it is suggested that a minimum of 36 flow fields form the logged part of the lower basalt series. Dolerite units described in previous works have been confirmed based on the combined interpretation of wire-line logs. The log data suggest that the subaerially extruded basalt has its base at a depth of approximately 2490 m and that a hyaloclastite succession is found below that depth. The transition from subaerially extruded basalt to hyaloclastite produces a negative acoustic impedance and it is found that the transition corresponds to a negative reflection interpreted on VSP surveys from 1988 and 1994.
DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA OF COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENTS IN PATIENTS WITH MIXED DEMENTIA COMPLICATED BY HALLUCINATORY-PARANOID DISORDERS
Authors: Shevchenko-Bitensky K.
Published: April 2020

DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA OF COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENTS IN PATIENTS WITH MIXED DEMENTIA COMPLICATED BY HALLUCINATORY-PARANOID DISORDERS

Shevchenko-Bitensky K.

The study involved 72 patients with mixed dementia complicated by hallucinatory-paranoid disorders (main group) and 61 patients with mixed dementia not complicated by psychotic disorders (control group). It was established and proved that patients with mixed dementia complicated by psychotic disorders were characterized by more expressed cognitive impairments, which were manifested in impairments of praxis, gnosis, memory, skills of counting, attention process, thinking and orientation.

Keywords: mixed dementia, diagnosis, hallucinatory-paranoid disorders, cognitive dysfunctions.  

 

Анотація.

ДІАГНОСТИЧНІ КРИТЕРІЇ КОГНІТИВНИХ ПОРУШЕНЬ У ПАЦІЄНТІВ З ЗМІШАНОЮ ДЕМЕНЦІЄЮ, УСКЛАДНЕННОЮ ГАЛЮЦИНАТОРНО-ПАРАНОЇДНИМИ РОЗЛАДАМИ

Шевченко-Бітенський К.

У дослідженні прийняло участь 72 пацієнтів зі змішаною деменцією, ускладненою галюцинаторно-параноїдними розладами (основна група) та 61 пацієнт зі змішаною деменцією, не ускладненою психотичними розладами (контрольна група). Встановлено та доведено, що пацієнти зі змішаною деменцією, ускладнених психотичними розладами, характеризувались більш вираженими когнітивними порушеннями, що проявлялось в порушеннях праксису, гнозису, пам’яті, навичок рахування, процесу уваги, мислення та орієнтації.

Ключові слова: змішана деменція, діагностика, галюцинаторно-параноїдні розлади, когнітивні дисфункції

 

Аннотация.

ДИАГНОСТИЧЕСКИЕ КРИТЕРИИ КОГНИТИВНЫХ НАРУШЕНИЙ У ПАЦИЕНТОВ СО СМЕШАННОЙ ДЕМЕНЦИЕЙ, ОСЛОЖНЕННОЙ ГАЛЛЮЦИНАТОРНО-ПАРАНОИДНЫМИ РАССТРОЙСТВАМИ

Шевченко-Битенський К.

В исследовании приняло участие 72 пациентов со смешанной деменцией, осложненной галлюцинаторно-параноидными расстройствами (основная группа) и 61 пациент со смешанной деменцией, не осложненной психотическими расстройствами (контрольная группа). Установлено и доказано, что пациенты со смешанной деменцией, осложненной психотическими расстройствами, характеризовались более выраженными когнитивными нарушениями, проявляющимися в нарушениях праксиса, гнозиса, памяти, навыков счета, процесса внимания, мышления и ориентации.

Ключевые слова: смешанная деменция, диагностика, галлюцинаторно-параноидные расстройства, когнитивные дисфункции
Tetrazolium-Based Cytotoxicity Tests May Not Always Reflect Accurate Results
Authors: TAŞKIN Abdullah , ULUSAL Hasan , TAŞKIN Seyhan , TARAKÇIOĞLU Mehmet
Published: April 2020

Background: Cell viability and/or cytotoxicity analysis is one of the most important tools used for biological evaluation in vitro studies. The selection of the right cytotoxicity tests is critical to form the basis for in vivo and preclinical studies, specifically for cancer research. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the cytotoxic effects of bromelain, a widely-used phytochemical product in the medical field, and idarubicin, an anthracycline antibiotic used in the treatment of cancer, in normal lymphocytes and a promyelocytic leukemia cell line (HL-60) with MTT, WST-1, and luminescent ATP assays and to compare the results of these tests..Materials and Methods: We obtained peripheral blood lymphocytes from healthy, young, non-smoker male volunteers and obtained the HL-60 cell line from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC). Bromelain and idarubicin were added in increasing concentrations to both cell lines. Cells were incubated at 37°C in a carbon dioxide incubator for 24 h. After incubation, cytotoxicity levels were determined by MTT, WST-1, and ATP assays, and morphological evaluations were performed by fluorescent staining.Results: The MTT and WST-1 assays demonstrated that cell viability/formazan formation increased with bromelain concentration; however, the luminescent ATP assay demonstrated that cell viability decreased with increasing concentrations of bromelain. Whereas fluorescent staining methods confirmed the ATP assay results, the MTT and WST-1 assays contradicted the ATP assay results. The cytotoxic effects of idarubicin were similar in the two cell lines according to the three different measurement methods and were positively correlated with the results of the fluorescent staining methods.Conclusion: The detection of cell viability and cytotoxicity by bromelain with the MTT and WST-1 assays in lymphocytes and HL-60 cells is limited. To obtain accurate and reliable results from cytotoxicity studies, a measurement method should be carefully selected by considering that the phytochemicals to be tested could interfere with the results, and the results should be verified by other methods.
Vitamin B12 Replasman Tedavisi; Oral? İntramüsküler?
Authors: BORAN Maruf , Boran Ömer Faruk , YILMAZ Nisbet , Canbakan Başol
Published: April 2020

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı intramüsküler B12 replasman tedavisi ile oral B12 replasman tedavisinin kan B12 vitamini düzeyleri üzerine olan etkisinin karşılaştırılmasıdır.Materyal ve Metod: Çalışma Ankara Numune Eğitim Araştırma Hastanesi (EAH) Bilimsel Araştırmalar Değerlendirme Komisyonunun 24/07/2013 tarih ve 2013-646 sayılı kararı ile yapılmıştır. Ankara Numune EAH 3 Dahiliye polikliniğine Mayıs–Ekim 2012 tarihleri arasında başvuran ve yeni tanı B12 vitamini eksikliği saptanan, oral veya intramüsküler tedavi başlanan, bir ay sonra kontrole gelen hastalar retrospektif taranarak çalışmaya alınmıştır. İstatistiksel analizler “SPSS for Windows 20,0” paket programı ile yapılmıştır.Bulgular: Oral vitamin B12 replasman tedavisi alan 56, intramüsküler vitamin B12 replasman tedavisi alan 46 hasta bulundu. Başlangıç değerlerine göre tüm hastalarda anlamlı B12 vitamini düzey artışı olduğu görüldü. (220,73±243,47 pikogram/mililitre (pg/ml), p<0,001). Oral tedavi alanlarda B12 vitamini artışı 252,91±297,23 pg/ml, intramüsküler tedavi alanlarda B12 vitamini artışı 182,96±152,90 pg/ml olarak saptandı. Oral ve intramüsküler tedavi alan hastaların B12 vitamini düzey artışları arasında fark tespit edilmedi (p>0,05).Sonuç: Oral ve intramüsküler B12 replasman tedavi kollarına ayrılarak yapılan bir çalışmada 90 günlük tedavi sonrasında oral ve intramüsküler tedavi ile B12 vitamini düzeyinde artış olduğu bulunmuş ancak gruplar etkinlik açısından karşılaştırılmamıştır. Bizim çalışmamızda B12 vitamini eksikliği saptanan hastalarda oral ve intramüsküler B12 replasman tedavileri arasında fark saptanmamış olması, oral replasman tedavisinin intramüsküler tedaviye alternatif olabileceğini akla getirmektedir. Konu ile ilgili yeni, daha geniş kapsamlı randomize kontrollü çalışmalara ihtiyaç olduğu ortadadır.
Toplumumuzda Sünnet Cerrahi Bir Operasyon Olarak Kabul Ediliyor mu?
Authors: ÖZTAŞ Tülin , ASENA Muhammet
Published: April 2020

Amaç: Sünnet doğru zamanda, doğru yerde ve hekimler tarafından yapılması gereken cerrahi bir işlemdir. Çalışmanın amacı ailelerin sünnet konusundaki yaklaşımını ve bilgi düzeyini değerlendirmektir.Materyal ve Metod: Bu çalışma erkek çocuğu olan 498 ebeveyn ile gerçekleştirildi. Çalışma ailelerin sünnet konusundaki yaklaşımlarını ve bilgi düzeyini değerlendiren iki bölümden oluşan anket şeklinde yapıldı.Bulgular: Katılımcıların %75’i inançları gereği sünnetin zorunlu olduğunu düşünüyordu. Ailelerin %74’ü sünnetin idrar yolu infeksiyonuna karşı koruyucu olduğunu düşündüğünü belirtti. Katılımcıların %60‘ı sünnetin basit bir işlem olduğunu, herhangi bir komplikasyonu olmadığını düşünüyordu. Ailelerin %60’ı anne-baba’nın sünnet karar verdiğini belirtti. Çalışmaya katılan ailelerin %33,6’sı yeni doğan döneminde sünnet yaptırdığını ifade etti. Katılımcıların %80,8’i hastanede sünnet yaptırdığını belirtti. Katılımcıların %75’i daha hijyenik koşullarda yapıldığı için hastanede sünnet yaptırdığını belirtti. Ailelerin %17’si kadın doktora sünnet yaptırmak istemediğini bildirdi. Katılımcıların %25‘inin sünnet ile ilgili sağlık çalışanlarından bilgi aldığını ve ailelerin %77’si bilgilendirme sonrası sünnet ile ilgili kararının değişebileceğini belirtti. Sonuç: Çalışmamızda ailelerin azımsanmayacak oranda sünnetin faydaları ve komplikasyonlarının farkında olmadığı, sünneti cerrahi işlem olarak kabul etmediği sonucuna varılmıştır.
El uso off label de medicamento: ¿buena o mala práctica?
Authors: López G José Julián
Published: April 2020

El término más conocido es uso off label de medicamentos, sin embargo, en un intento por castellanizarlo se le ha denominado también uso fuera de indicación, indicación no habitual, no oficial, no autorizada, no aprobada, uso alternativo o uso desvirtuado, y para el caso de Colombia se acuño el término Uso No Indicado en el Registro Sanitario (UNIRS).  Todos estos conceptos tienen en común la información existente en el registro sanitario: indicación, dosis, vías de administración y población. Por lo tanto, el uso off label (de ahora en adelante UNIRS) de un medicamento varía dependiendo de las condiciones bajo las cuales fue aprobada su comercialización en cada país (1).

En el caso de Colombia, existen algunos problemas al aplicar estrictamente esta definición, ya que la dosis no está incluida en la mayoría de los registros sanitarios, y la indicación terapéutica en ocasiones se confunde con el efecto farmacológico, no se concreta a una indicación en particular o puede variar de un registro a otro.