bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Organização do cotidiano de trabalho dos profissionais do Serviço de Atendimento Móvel de Urgência
Authors: Souza Moema Santos , Silva Doane Martins da , Maia Mariana Almeida , Ventura Palloma Fernandes Estanislau Vaz , Alves Marília
Published: December 2024

Introdução: Serviço de Atendimento Móvel de Urgência (SAMU) é um serviço complexo, dinâmico e singular, com imprevisibilidade nos atendimentos, requerendo dos profissionais agilidade nas tomadas de decisões.  A organização prévia da ambulância, por meio do checklist, e a assistência baseada em protocolos, possibilitam a assistência segura com vistas à prevenção de incidentes. Objetivo: analisar a organização do cotidiano de trabalho dos profissionais do SAMU de Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais. Método: estudo qualitativo, fundamentado no referencial teórico do cotidiano de Michel de Certeau, realizado entre julho e outubro de 2020, por meio de entrevistas com 32 profissionais. Os dados foram organizados utilizando-se o software MAXQDA®e analisados por meio de análise temática. Resultados: participaram do estudo 32 profissionais de saúde que revelaram o uso do checklist como conduta obrigatória para organização do plantão sem sobressaltos. A conferência e a organização facilitam o acesso aos itens, possibilitando a otimização da assistência e prevenindo riscos. O uso de protocolos assegura decisões assertivas diminuindo os incidentes. No entanto, o acondicionamento de materiais e equipamentos no espaço restrito da ambulância, pode gerar incidentes, pois sendo reveladas adaptações no interior da ambulância para evitar que os equipamentos se soltem e caiam sobre o paciente ou profissional. É necessário discutir a implementação de protocolos e organização da ambulância com foco na identificação de riscos, o que aumenta a probabilidade de prevenir incidentes para usuário e profissionais.
A preceptoria no ensino médico: desafios e reflexões sobre práticas pedagógicas e metodologias ativas
Authors: Tonso André Felipe Guerle , Fernandes Cristiana Carvalho
Published: December 2024

O preceptor exerce papel central no ensino médico, mediando a integração entre teoria e prática durante a formação dos estudantes no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar as percepções dos preceptores sobre metodologias pedagógicas, com destaque para os desafios enfrentados e o uso de metodologias ativas. Foi conduzida uma pesquisa de abordagem mista, envolvendo revisão bibliográfica e análise qualitativa de dados coletados junto a 46 preceptores vinculados a uma graduação médica na cidade de São Paulo. Utilizou-se a técnica de análise de similitude, por meio do software Iramuteq, para identificar padrões lexicais e temáticos. Os resultados indicaram que, embora valorizem atividades práticas, como a discussão de casos clínicos, os preceptores frequentemente assumem um papel tradicional, priorizando a transmissão de conhecimento em detrimento de estratégias participativas. A baixa adoção de metodologias ativas reflete lacunas na capacitação pedagógica, apontando a necessidade de programas de educação permanente em preceptoria. Conclui-se que o fortalecimento da formação dos preceptores, com foco em estratégias pedagógicas inovadoras, é essencial para superar barreiras, promover o aprendizado crítico e alinhar a formação médica às demandas contemporâneas da educação em saúde.
Identification of potential bi-triazole based antimalarial compounds and their effects against asexual stages of Plasmodium isolates
Authors: Almeida Marcinete Latorre , Martinez Leandro do Nascimento , Nascimento Welington da Silva Paula do , Passarini Guilherme Matos , Medeiros Daniel Sol Sol de , Silva Minelly Azevedo da , Fialho Saara Neri , Ferreira Amália do Santos , Rossi Norton Rubens Diunior Lucas Pejara , Carvalho Jhonny Romano Carvalho de , Gouveia Aurileya de Jesus , Santos Ana Paula dos , Aguiar Anna Caroline Campos , Araújo Maisa da Silva , Pereira Dhélio Batista , Santana Quelli Larissa Oliveira de , Ferreira Sabrina Baptista , Teles Carolina Bioni Garcia
Published: December 2024

Malaria is a parasitic infection that can become severe and lead to a patient’s death, besides having records of resistance to treatment and only a few options to treat it, generating the need for more research on new antimalarial compounds. The present study aimed at evaluating the antiplasmodial activity of two synthetic compounds, through in vitro assays, and ex vivo assays. The in vitro studies demonstrated that the synthetic molecules presented inhibitory concentrations for 50% of the parasite population (IC50) of 4.4 and 6.3 µM against sensitive and resistant strains, respectively. Compound 3RJ was observed to act in the first 8h against young trophozoites. Regarding the ex vivo study, 3RJ didn’t behave similarly to the reference drug, but remained effective against the circulating strains of P. falciparum in the state of Rondônia, Brazil. The results observed demonstrate that these triazole-based compounds are promising candidates in the development of antimalarial drugs.
Echoes of Ancestry in the Age of AI: Safeguarding Tribal Land Rights Amid a Digital Revolution
Authors:   School of Public Policy, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Delhi, India., Ruhil Olivia
Published: December 2024

As Artificial Intelligence (AI) rapidly transforms governance systems worldwide, its impact on tribal land rights in India brings both hope and concern. This paper delves into the unique challenges and opportunities AI presents for tribal communities, who have historically fought to protect their ancestral lands. AI technologies, like advanced land mapping and automated records management, promise to make land governance more efficient and transparent. Yet, these advancements come with risks, such as data privacy issues, potential cultural erosion, and the fear of repeating past injustices. By exploring India’s legal protections, including the Constitution [1], the Forest Rights Act (FRA) [19], and the Panchayats (Extension to Scheduled Areas) Act (PESA) [20], this paper emphasises the importance of respecting tribal autonomy and cultural heritage. Real-world examples, such as AI’s use in the Digital India Land Records Modernisation Programme, shed light on the balance needed between progress and preservation [7]. Grounded in insights from thinkers like Amartya Sen and Michel Foucault [15], the discussion calls for an approach where AI empowers rather than marginalises, highlighting the need for ethical safeguards, meaningful community involvement, and ongoing oversight. Ultimately, the goal is to ensure that AI becomes a tool for upliftment, enriching tribal communities without compromising their rich cultural identities.
Athlete A Documentary Analysis: Breaking the Silence on Harassment and Abuse in Sports
Authors: Kızılgüneş Mine , Ozturk Pinar , Koca Arıtan Canan
Published: December 2024

Listening to the voices of athletes is important for advancing safe sports and preventing harassment and abuse in sports. This study aims to listen to the voices of athletes of the United States of America (USA) Women's Artistic Gymnastics Team (WAG) against the sexual abuse and organizational neglect they have been exposed to for more than 30 years in order to understand the reasons that lead to abuse. In this context, “Athlete A: The truth behind USA Gymnastics", a Netflix documentary, was analyzed. Analysis was carried out by conducting Baltruschat's “Film Interpretation According to the Documentary Method” process in the Nvivo analysis program. Foucault's concept of biopolitics was utilized to understand the mechanism of power in gymnastics and how this mechanism intervenes in the female athlete's body (on the visible side). The process of proving these behaviors after the athletes broke their silence against organizational negligence and sexual abuse is discussed in the findings section. The case was examined in depth with quotes from the athletes' discourses on the confirmation of the crimes and the healing processes of the athletes after the revealed practices of organizational neglect and sexual abuse. In conclusion, the case of the USA WAG team demonstrates how a culture of silence and failed leadership can lead to complicity and perpetuate harassment and abuse in sports. In order to advance the safe sports, sports organizations need to develop safeguarding policies and procedures that take into account the voices of athletes.
Research on the Role of Social Media in Promoting and Popularizing Educational Films
Authors: Ding Ziluo , Tian Jingyan
Published: December 2024

In recent years, watching movies has gradually become an integral part of national entertainment, captivating audiences of all ages with its unique charm. Movies, as a novel and innovative form of entertainment, have seamlessly integrated into people's daily lives. Notably, educational films have emerged as a prominent trend, becoming a popular choice for movie storytelling and attracting a substantial audience. This article delves deeply into the pivotal role of social media in enhancing the traffic of educational films and explores how "educational marketing" strategies can attract more viewers. By focusing on the three films "Walking to School," "The Running Boys," and "An Answer from Heaven," we will conduct a comprehensive analysis of their marketing strategies on social media, aiming to uncover the key factors that influence audiences' movie-watching decisions. Additionally, we will draw inspiration from the successful experiences of the classic films "Forrest Gump" and "The Shawshank Redemption" to provide valuable guidance on social media strategies for related movies. Research consistently shows that the effective utilization of social media can significantly increase the visibility of educational films, thereby driving sustained growth in box office receipts and movie viewing rates.
The Effects of Animal-Assisted Therapy in Dogs on Depressed Patients
Authors: Su Yuntong
Published: December 2024

Depression has emerged as one of the most widespread health concerns in contemporary culture. In addition to pharmacological interventions, psychological counseling, physical therapies, and animal-assisted therapy (AAT), which frequently employs dogs, these modalities are commonly utilized in hospitals, psychotherapy centers, and social welfare agencies for the treatment of individuals with mental health issues. This research presents a systematic literature review on the utilization of dogs for the treatment of depression. The age range of the depressed patients examined in this article encompasses children, teenagers, and elderly adults. The result shows AAT in dogs has different impacts for diverse aged depressed patients, older adults have the most significant effect, through high frequency and stable periods looking at, talking to, or playing or walking with them; conversely, children and adolescents have varied outcomes on depression from slight to significant. Future research should investigate the efficacy of dog-assisted therapy, especially for elderly individuals.
The Misunderstandings of Architectures: From Perceptions of Gothic Architectures to Modern Stereotypes and Social Solutions
Authors: Wang Ziyu
Published: December 2024

The paper starts with the common misconceptions of Gothic architecture, particularly its association with horror and the supernatural in modern culture. Gothic architecture was originally designed to evoke reverence and spiritual awe and has been repurposed in films to create eerie and unsettling atmospheres. The paper argues that this shift in perception stems from the architectural elements of Gothic structures, such as their extensiveness and seemingly endless spaces, which can affect human perception and create a sense of unease. Additionally, the visual illusion of structural vulnerability in Gothic buildings contributes to portraying these architectures as haunted or dangerous places in media. The paper also addresses the issue of how architecture is often overestimated as a solution to social problems, using examples like Gothic churches in the Middle Ages and modern architectural designs aimed at solving issues like social segregation. Ultimately, the paper concludes that while architecture can play a significant role in shaping experiences, it should not be seen as a panacea for deeper societal issues.
Research on the Influence of Family Structure and Conditions on Students' Behavior, Social Development, and School Networks-Taking Canada as an Example
Authors: Fang Xinyue
Published: December 2024

In todays diverse society, factors such as family background, structure, financial stability, and the emotional climate at home play a significant role in shaping students behavior, particularly their ability to form social networks in school environments. This research explores how various family structuressuch as nuclear families, single-parent households, adoptive families, and same-sex parent familiesaffect students social development and behavior in Canadian schools. While existing studies have explored the impact of family structure, this paper aims to establish a clearer link between family conditions and student behavior, contributing to a more comprehensive understanding of family influence on academic and social success. Using a combination of case studies and literature reviews, this research focuses on typical Canadian family structures and their influences on students behaviors in school. Data for the study were drawn from existing literature and national databases, offering a broad perspective on how different family environments impact students social development. The study highlights the crucial role that family stability and parental involvement in fostering students academic achievement and social integration. The findings suggest that children from financially stable, emotionally supportive familiesregardless of structuretend to thrive both socially and academically. This conclusion emphasizes the need for educational policies that accommodate diverse family backgrounds, ensuring equal support for all students.
Exploring the Interdisciplinary Teaching Models of Music in Primary and Secondary Schools--Based on the Synthesis of Relevant Studies in China and International Studies
Authors: Wang Yixing
Published: December 2024

Interdisciplinary teaching plays an important role in enhancing classroom content innovation and broadening students' knowledge, and it will be even more meaningful for educators to continue to explore this topic in depth in the context of the continuing interest in interdisciplinary teaching and learning and the increasing abundance of research findings. Interdisciplinary researchers have actively built a theoretical foundation, and teachers have applied interdisciplinary teaching in the classroom, integrating, recombining, and innovating the knowledge of various disciplines into new models. The research object of this paper is the music interdisciplinary classroom in primary and secondary schools in China and abroad, through understanding, analyzing, and finally integrating the interdisciplinary content of the classroom interdisciplinary music teaching theory and classroom practice, the research purpose is based on analyzing and integrating interdisciplinary theories and classroom practice in this kind of mode, and exploring a set of interdisciplinary music teaching mode in line with the concept of popular education.
Exploring Memes as a Form of Illness Trivialization in Young People: Social and Psychological ConsequencesA Literature Review
Authors: Wu Xuan , Song Yaqi , Zhao Xinrui
Published: December 2024

In recent years, network culture and humor, particularly among young people, have exhibited distinct age-related characteristics. A notable and concerning trend within this culture is the increasing trivialization phenomenon of serious illnesses. Conditions such as depression, suicide, bipolar disorder, and Down Syndrome are increasingly being trivialized and used as subjects of jokes and self-mockery in online discourse and everyday conversation. While diseases are humorized and made light of, many patients and their families, who are deeply affected by these illnesses, continue to struggle not only with the challenges of the diseases themselves but also with the social stigma that results from such trivialization. This phenomenon of trivializing illness not only deepens the suffering of affected individuals, but also further erodes societal empathy in an era where interpersonal alienation is on the rise. Drawing on previous research in the field of Sociology, Psychology and Communication studies, this paper seeks to explore the underlying causes of young peoples tendency to trivialize serious diseases and to propose corresponding solutions to address this issue.
A Classification Model for Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients Based on Rough Sets and Three-Way Multi-Attribute Decision Making
Authors: Wang Weiting , Zhang Yan
Published: December 2024

In clinical diagnosis, mainstream machine learning models often face common issues of incomplete data and multi-source heterogeneity when classifying patients. To address this, the paper defines distance measures for different attribute types in incomplete heterogeneous information systems, enabling effective handling of such information. First, based on the mixed distance between two objects, a binary relation in incomplete heterogeneous information systems was derived, and a multi-granularity rough set model for incomplete heterogeneous information was constructed. Second, on the basis of the multi-granularity rough set model, three-way multi-attribute decision-making was introduced, building a three-way multi-attribute decision-making classification model that considers risk costs and learning costs in the medical classification process. Finally, the proposed model was validated using real clinical data in the experimental section, demonstrating its effectiveness in classifying rheumatoid arthritis patients and improving classification accuracy.
A review of the therapeutic effects of traditional Chinese therapies on hypertension and cancer using qigong as an example
Authors: Zhu Heng
Published: December 2024

This review examines the therapeutic effects of Qigong, a traditional Chinese practice, on hypertension and cancer-related symptoms. Qigong, characterized by regulated breathing, meditation, and coordinated physical movements, has gained attention as a potential complementary therapy in modern healthcare. For hypertension management, multiple studies indicate that Qigong has effects similar to those of conventional treatments, and it can significantly lower blood pressure (BP) on both the SBP and DBP levels. The practice appears to modulate the sympathetic nervous system and enhance patients' self-efficacy in health-promoting behaviors. In cancer care, Qigong shows promise in alleviating symptoms such as pain, strain, depression, and fatigue, thereby improving overall living quality. Studies point to possible advantages for immunological response and specific biomarkers in cancer patients. However, methodological flaws in many of the current studies limit the evidence, like those with small sample sizes and absence of uniformity in Qigong interventions. While Qigong demonstrates potential as a complementary therapy for symptom management, its direct impact on disease progression, particularly in cancer, remains unclear. Future research should focus on large-scale, rigorous randomized controlled trials to validate these effects and explore optimal implementation strategies. Despite limitations, the non-invasive nature, low cost, and self-administration potential of Qigong make it an attractive option for integration into comprehensive treatment plans for hypertension and supportive cancer care.
The advancement in the application of immune checkpoint inhibitors in pNET
Authors: Lau Christina Chunping
Published: December 2024

Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (PNET) is a unique subgroup of pancreatic cancer, which requires distinct treatment methods from the normal ones. The most common treatment for PNET is surgery, chemotherapy, and targeted therapy. Immunotherapy, especially ICIs, are hot topic in the oncology field in the recent years. However, researches found that the ICI therapies exhibit relatively lower significancy of patient outcomes for PNETs. Effects of long-term combination therapy still remains unanswered. This review analyzes the mechanisms of action, clinical applications, and potential adverse events associated with ICIs in PNET treatment. It was found that personalized treatment strategies, particularly when combining ICIs with other therapeutic modalities, could improve patient responses while minimizing adverse effects. The findings of this research provide valuable insights for future studies, highlighting the necessity of similarly exploration into the molecular determinants of response to ICIs in PNETs. While this work lays the groundwork for enhancing remedy techniques, questions concerning long-term results and finest patient selection stay unresolved. Future research should attention on those regions to boost the field of PNET management and improve patient care.
Repair of cardiopulmonary function damage caused by smoking by aerobic exercise
Authors: Dai Yutong
Published: December 2024

In modern society, finding ways to manage stress is a major challenge for many individuals. Part of the Chinese adult population turns to smoking as a method to alleviate stress from work, life, and family. However, this behavior has numerous negative effects on the body, leading to a range of health issues. Therefore, I have discussed how to mitigate the negative impacts of smoking. The passage believes that engaging in exercise can effectively alleviate some of the health problems caused by smoking, such as heart disease, bronchitis, and lung cancer. Since the probability for smokers to get bronchitis is 15 times higher than that of people who do not smoke, 3 times for them to experience influenza or pneumonia. Through this article, I hope readers will fully understand the harm smoking poses to individuals, families, and society. Additionally, this paper encourage smokers to reduce their smoking frequency and, for those who have failed to quit smoking multiple times, to consider incorporating exercise as a way to counteract the detrimental effects of smoking on their health.
Application of CRISPR/Cas9 on multiple sclerosis target validation
Authors: Qin Dongxu
Published: December 2024

Multiple Sclerosis is one of the serious diseases worldwide. Demyelination of neurons in the central nervous system is its fundamental cause. Genome engineering for various MS research has recently undergone a revolution since the establishment of the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) technology. This includes research spanning from basic science to translational medicine and precise MS therapy. Researchers have been able to identify, visualise, modify, and annotate specific DNA and RNA regions in a variety of living organisms thanks to the prokaryote-derived genome editing systems CRISPR/CRISPR associated proteins (CRISPR/Cas).The identification, validation, and targeted delivery of the target are all significantly aided by the CRISPR/Cas systems. With considerable technical developments, CRISPR/Cas systems have proved to be very effective, accurate, and flexible when targeting the specified genetic site. Despite major advancements in this area, a number of challenges still need to be solved, including immunological reactions, off-target activities, and ethical concerns. The following article aims to provide an overview of the CRISPR clinical applications, including their benefits and drawbacks.
Pathogenesis and Clinical Management of Diabetic Cardiomyopathy: a Review from Basic Research to Clinical Practice
Authors: You Lujia
Published: December 2024

This article explores the complex disease of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM), the main form of cardiac complications in diabetic patients, seriously affecting the quality of life and life expectancy of patients based on existing literature and data results. The results show that the pathophysiological mechanism of DCM is complex, involving multiple levels such as oxidative stress, inflammatory response, immune regulatory imbalance, and cardiometabolic abnormalities. In particular, the article emphasizes that insulin resistance not only affects glycolipid metabolism, but also significantly exacerbates the inflammatory response, and promotes cardiac fibrosis and functional decline by activating key mechanisms, such as the NLRP3 inflammasome, the NFB positive feedback loop, and macrophage M1 polarization. The purpose of this article is to provide clinicians with the latest research on DCM and treatment recommendations, while also serving as a valuable reference for future research directions, emphasizing the importance of multidisciplinary collaboration in deepening the understanding of DCM and promoting its clinical management. In the face of DCM, continuous scientific research innovation and optimization of clinical practice are the keys to improving patient outcomes.
Analysis of Factors Influencing Amyloid-beta Deposition in the Context of Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Cheng Ziqi
Published: December 2024

As a neurodegenerative ailment, Alzheimer's disease closely associates with the deposition of beta-amyloid (A) proteins. The abnormal accumulation of A plays a pivotal role in the diseases progression, leading to cognitive impairment and neurological damage. APOE is a key gene that affects the accumulation of A, with its 2, 3, and 4 alleles closely associated with the likelihood and advancement of Alzheimer's disease. APOE2 variant appears to slow disease progression by reducing A deposition, thereby exerting a protective effect; whereas the APOE4 allele increases the risk of the disease by promoting A deposition and speeding up its advancement. Besides the APOE gene, variations in the TREM2 and Presenilin-1 (PSEN1) genes are also linked to the development of Alzheimer's disease. TREM2 plays a role in immune responses and inflammatory processes, and mutations in this gene may impair the brains ability to clear A , resulting in increasing deposition. Presenilin-1, a component of the gamma-secretase complex, plays a key role in producing A, and mutations in this gene are linked to the development of early-onset Alzheimer's disease. This paper examines genetic factors, epigenetics, chemical reactions, and cellular dysfunction from multiple dimensions to explore how they interact to affect the production, deposition, and pathogenic mechanisms of A. Through this multidimensional analysis, this study emphasizes the interplay of various factors in the pathological process of Alzheimer's disease, jointly promoting the abnormal accumulation of A. By unveiling these complex mechanisms, the study provides insights into potential targets for upcoming treatment plans.
Impact of Cultural Context on the Effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Interventions for Chronic Pain in Older Adults
Authors: Song Liyin
Published: December 2024

The increasing proportion of the population that is aged presents healthcare with the challenge of providing effective pain management for patients from a variety of cultural backgrounds. Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) have demonstrated efficacy in the alleviation of pain. However, there is limit research on how different ethnic groups view and benefit from them. The paper seeks to explore the impact of culture on the acceptance and effectiveness of multidisciplinary, comprehensive pain management for people aged 65 years and older. By analyzing prior research, it examines how cultural influences interact with age-related worries and attitudes to utilize positive thoughts for pain control. The findings show that matching norms significantly affects how well MBIs are accepted and perceived as effective with views traditional healing methods and self-perception playing important roles. In addition, this paper highlights the need for culturally adapted MBI and enhanced cultural competence in the delivery of healthcare services. These insights can facilitate the development of more effective, culturally sensitive pain management strategies for older adults, thereby improving the health and quality of life of this growing population.
Genetics and Metabolism: How Genetics Affects Metabolic Syndrome in Various Populations
Authors: Zhang Jiacheng
Published: December 2024

The increasing prevalence of metabolic diseases, including cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D), emphasizes how critical it is to comprehend the hereditary components of metabolic syndrome. The metabolic pathways that determine an individual's susceptibility to disease are shaped by genetic variation that is driven by evolutionary pressures, migration, and environmental adaptation. This paper explores how these variants lead to metabolic syndrome in different populations through population genetics based on existing literature and data. The result shows that genetic adaptations in specific populations (e.g., survival at high altitudes) are strongly associated with metabolic health. Despite significant progress, there are still research gaps in underrepresented populations and new genetic variants. In order to effectively prevent and control metabolic illnesses, this article urges further research to create healthcare policies that take hereditary features into account.
Experimental study on the effect of rapid telescopic compound training on lower limb explosiveness of adolescent road cyclists
Authors: Cao Yixuan
Published: December 2024

To study the effect of rapid telescopic compound training on the explosive power of lower limbs of adolescent road cyclists. A total of 19 adolescent road cyclists were randomly selected and divided into two groups for 10 weeks of training intervention. The control group received traditional strength training, and the observation group received rapid telescopic compound training, and the results of standing long jump, in-situ vertical jump, vertical vertical jump, and isokinetic muscle strength test were used as observation indicators to evaluate the changes of lower limb explosive power in the two groups. The results showed that the lower limb explosiveness indexes of the athletes who received rapid telescopic compound training were better than those of the other group, indicating that the rapid telescopic composite training could have a good effect on the lower limb explosiveness of adolescent road cyclists, and could be applied to daily training.
The spread and prevention of varicella in China
Authors: Zhou Mo
Published: December 2024

The varicella-zoster virus (VZV), a common infectious disease in children, is the cause of varicella, a highly contagious illness. The infectious disease is more prevalent in youngsters, although it affects adults, pregnant women, and people with impaired immune systems more severely. The illness frequently manifests as itchy blisters and scabs, and it may start with a low-grade temperature and pain. Understanding the infectious mechanisms that contribute to varicella and the fundamental prevention actions is therefore essential. This essay will study the relationship between Varicella infectivity and temperature in meteorological factors as well as gender and age in personal factors through the way of paper review, and propose that the most common preventive measure is the way of vaccination. Finally, the result of the study is that the infection is indeed related to the change in temperature, and the temperature change in different regions makes the infection situation of Varicella at different temperatures different. In addition, Varicella infection is particularly high in infants and young children with low immunity, and the infection rate is slightly higher in men than in women.
Epigenetic Regulation of the Circadian Clock: Mechanisms and Clinical Implications
Authors: Chang Jin
Published: December 2024

The circadian clock, a fundamental timekeeping system, is regulated by complex epigenetic mechanisms. This review explores the role of DNA methylation, histone modifications, and the NAD+-dependent deacetylase SIRT1 in modulating circadian gene expression. Rhythmic epigenetic changes at clock gene promoters contribute to their periodic transcription, while interactions between circadian transcription factors and epigenetic modifiers ensure robust gene expression rhythms. Dysregulation of the circadian epigenome has been associated with various diseases, including cancer, where altered DNA methylation patterns of clock genes have been observed. Understanding the mechanisms and consequences of circadian epigenetic dysregulation may lead to novel diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for circadian-related diseases. To fully elucidate the intricate relationship between the circadian clock and the epigenome, a multidisciplinary approach combining experimental and computational methods is necessary. High-throughput analytical techniques, functional genomics, epigenetic editing tools, and systems biology modeling will provide a comprehensive view of the circadian epigenome. Ultimately, a deeper understanding of the epigenetic regulation of the circadian clock will advance our knowledge of biological timekeeping and inform the development of chronotherapeutic strategies for improving human health in the modern 24/7 society.
Research on Plastic Recycling from a Global Perspective and PET Recycling Schemes in Hong Kong
Authors: Miao Yiwen
Published: December 2024

This paper first introduces the global production volume and types of plastics, their impacts on the environment, and the current treatment status. Then it elaborates on the plastic recycling situations in Hong Kong, Taiwan, and Bernburg, Germany respectively. In Hong Kong, the plastic recycling rate is low, and landfill is the main treatment method, facing problems such as high transportation costs and low plastic density. Taiwan performs outstandingly in resource recycling with a high garbage recycling rate. Bernburg, Germany processes plastic waste through strict classification, incineration, and recycling factories. The article also details specific measures for the recycling object PET, including methods such as mechanical recycling, incineration, and landfill, as well as their advantages and disadvantages. Finally, it proposes feasible schemes for managing plastic waste in Hong Kong, such as garbage classification, mobilizing residents to recycle, building recycling stations, and internal digestion. It also analyzes the mechanical recycling technology for handling PET bottles in Hong Kong and the economic and environmental benefits of this project.
Application of regenerative medicine in the treatment of skin conditions: an overview
Authors: Gu Chenjun
Published: December 2024

This study provides an overview of the applications of regenerative medicine in the treatment of various dermatological conditions, with a particular focus on recent advancements in gene editing, bioengineered skin grafts, and cellular therapies. Regenerative techniques could address the underlying causes of disease and show promise in curing disorders such as radiodermatitis, dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (DEB), vitiligo, and chronic wounds, whereas standard therapy typically merely relieves symptoms. Furthermore, the article examines the challenges that regenerative medicine currently faces, including high costs, immunological rejection, and moral dilemmas, as well as how cutting-edge tissue engineering and intelligent biomaterials may transform skin regeneration.
The limitations and prospects of targeted therapy for treating cancer
Authors: Liu Ruining
Published: December 2024

As the living standard of people increases, people's living habits are becoming more and more unhealthy, resulting in the increasing probability of contracting cancer. However, the traditional methods are surgery and Chemotherapy. These methods cannot treat cancer completely, accompanying bad side effects. Researchers are trying their best to discover innovative methods that can enhance the cure rate of cancer, minimizing the side effects. Significant advances are being made in recent times, such as Immunotherapy, Hormone therapy, Stem cell transplants, and targeted therapy. Among these significant advances, targeted therapy is the most popular and promising technique that is highly expected by researchers. Researchers developed several ways of targeted therapy, each having its limitations and disadvantages. The main problem is that the target is not precise enough, accidentally causing the death of healthy cells. These limitations impede researchers, and the development of cancer treatments is stalled. This article mentioned the different kinds of ways to treat cancers and the specific information about targeted therapy. Lastly, the prospects of discovering a new advanced cancer therapy that can cure cancers completely are provided in the article, mentioning the limitations that confine the development of cancer therapies. This article provides a reference for future research on improving the accuracy of targeted cancer therapy and the selection of appropriate medical materials. Future research can focus on the development of medical devices that improve the accuracy of targeting and proper medical materials that can enhance the ability to treat cancer.
Maternal Partial-knockout experiment on piRNA in mice
Authors: Lam Aaron , Ma Leah
Published: December 2024

The role of PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) in maintaining genomic integrity and facilitating neurogenesis has been well documented, especially when it comes to the germline. The study explores the impact of piRNA knockout, specifically the PIWIL2 gene on cognitive abilities, neurogenesis, and postnatal hippocampal development in mice. We will selectively remove PIWIL2 RNA at the embryonic stage through the use of CRISPR technology to assess its effects on short-term memory and neural function across multiple generations. Behavioral assessments will be conducted using two Y-mazes: one with an electric shock to test for neurogenesis and the other one without to evaluate the retention of memory. Additionally, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and RNA sequencing were employed to observe structural changes in the hippocampus and gene expression alterations. Preliminary results suggest that the absence of PIWIL2 correlates with cognitive decline, affecting neurogenesis and causing significant development changes in the hippocampus, thereby highlighting the critical role of piRNAs in neural health and its potential risks related to their dysregulation.
The Impact of Childhood Trauma and Abuse on Adolescent Brain Structure and Function: An MRI-Based Neuroimaging Study
Authors: Geng Jiaying
Published: December 2024

Childhood trauma, defined as exposure to severe adversity, can lead to structural brain changes, potentially impairing cognitive abilities and contributing to mental health issues. This study aimed to investigate the effect of trauma exposure on cortical thickness, sulcus, surface area, and network connectivity by utilizing a large data sample from adolescent participants (n=7386) of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive DevelopmentSM Study (ABCD Study). Linear mixed-effects modeling (LMM) was used to perform correlational and connectivity analyses. Results revealed that trauma was associated with thicker cortices, larger areas, and an increase in sulcus in the cingulate cortex and sensorimotor regions. Conversely, fronto-parietal and insular regions exhibited a reduction in thickness. Increased connectivity was observed between the ventral and dorsal attention network, the fronto-parietal and default network, as well as between sensory networks such as visual and auditory networks. These results suggest that childhood trauma may lead to significant structural and functional alterations as an adaptive response, contributing to our understanding of trauma's neurodevelopmental impact. This research may lay the foundation for reducing the risk of the onset of mental disorders through identifying disease hallmarks and biomarkers for early disease detection and implementing targeted early intervention strategies.
Impact of MR1 on lung cancer in the proliferation of MAIT cells, and production of cytokine and perforin
Authors: Guo Tianyi
Published: December 2024

Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells express a semi-invariant T cell receptor (TCR) that binds MHC class Ilike molecule (MR1). It has garnered significant attention for its potential role in cancer immunity, although the immunological role of MAIT cells is still unclear in lung cancer. This study aim to investigate the impact of MR1 expression on lung cancer cells on the proliferation and cytokine production of MAIT cells in vitro. We transfected A9 with MR1 to overexpress the molecule and knocked out MR1 in TC1 cells to create MR1-deficient models. These cells were then co-cultured with MAIT cells. MAIT cell proliferation was assessed, and cytokine production, including IFN-, Perforin, and IL-10, was quantified. Our findings showed that MAIT cells that co-cultured with MR1-positive cancer cells exhibited significantly increased proliferation and elevated production of IFN-, Perforin, and IL-10 compared to those co-cultured with MR1-negative cells. These results underscore the importance of MR1 in modulating MAIT cell activity and suggest that targeting MR1-MAIT interactions may offer new avenues for lung cancer immunotherapy.
Progress in human diseases treatment CRISPR system
Authors: Wu Yuanrong
Published: December 2024

Clinical medicine and biological sciences make extensive use of the gene editing method symbolized by CRISPR-Cas9. With the rapid development of molecular biology technology in recent years, the CRISPR-Cas systemwhich stands for clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeatshas become a potent tool for gene editing. Due to its high efficiency, precision, and flexibility, it has surpassed last two generations in its application within the field of molecular biology. This article provides a detailed overview of the development history, working mechanism, and applications of this technology. The CRISPR-Cas system achieves specific site modifications by introducing insertions, deletions, or single base substitutions at particular genomic sites. It has made significant contributions to research and treatment in areas such as the therapies of tumors and genetic diseases. However, challenges such as off-target effects need to be addressed before its practical clinical utility can be rigorously validated through further research and clinical trials.
A discussion on How Hamstring Dysfunction leads to Low Back Pain (LBP) Through its Effects on the Pelvis
Authors: Zhang Jin
Published: December 2024

Background: Low back pain represents a significant and growing cause of pain and disability, affecting both athletes and the general population. Given its high prevalence and recurrence, it can be considered a global health burden. The prevailing approach in traditional studies is to focus on the localized aspects of the low back. This has led to a considerable body of work on the underlying mechanisms and treatments for this condition. Purpose: This article aims to contribute to the study of low back pain by examining the role of indirect muscles, such as the hamstrings, and their functional connection with the pelvis in the context of this condition. Conclusion: The findings indicate a direct correlation between hamstring dysfunction, including tightness and weakness, and low back pain. This is due to the excessive pelvic tilt that is caused by the aforementioned hamstring issues. Furthermore, asymmetries in length and strength between the left and right sides can also contribute to the development of low back pain. Nevertheless, it remains unclear whether the pelvis plays a role in this process.
Analysis and Experimental Study of Zero-Shot Capabilities in Vision-Language Models: An In-Depth Exploration of Contrastive and Masked Methods
Authors: Xu Zhi
Published: December 2024

This paper conducts a thorough analysis and experimental evaluation of zero-shot capabilities in vision-language models (VLMs), concentrating on three distinct approaches: contrastive learning, masked learning, and generative modeling, exemplified by CLIP, FLAVA, and CoCa, respectively. CLIP uses contrastive learning to align images and text robustly, FLAVA employs masked learning to improve multimodal reasoning, and CoCa combines generative captioning with contrastive learning for fine-grained multimodal comprehension. Zero-shot learning, a pivotal AI capability, allows models to apply knowledge to new tasks without further training specific to those tasks. The performance of these models is tested through experiments in zero-shot settings, including image classification on datasets like CIFAR-100, Flowers102, and Food101, to evaluate generalization to new image categories. Furthermore, zero-shot image and text retrieval tasks are performed using Flickr30k and MSCOCO benchmarks to measure the models' ability to align and retrieve across modalities without direct supervision. Results from these tests provide a comprehensive look at the VLMs' zero-shot performance, highlighting their potential and limitations in real-world applications on unseen data.
Mechanisms and Clinical Management of Cancer-Associated Thromboembolism: Challenges and Advances
Authors: Liu Xing
Published: December 2024

Cancer-associated thromboembolism (CAT) is a common and highly lethal complication in cancer patients. Tumors and their treatment increase the risk of thrombosis in patients. This article provides a systematic review of the mechanisms of CAT, the mechanism of action of anticoagulant drugs, and their use in the treatment of CAT. Low molecular heparin (LMWH) and new oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are the main therapeutic options recommended by current guidelines. However, in specific patient populations, it is important to individualize the treatment regimen. Recurrent thrombotic and bleeding complications are major challenges in the management of CAT, and future research should focus on optimizing individualized anticoagulation strategies, exploring novel agents, and multimodal combinations to further improve outcomes and reduce the incidence of adverse events, so that the prognosis and quality of life of patients who suffered from cancers can be upgraded a lot.
The Indian Ocean Surface Salinity during El Nio
Authors: Miao Zichen
Published: December 2024

El Nio (EN) is a critical air-sea interaction that occurs between the atmosphere and the ocean in the tropical eastern Pacific region. Previous studies have classified EN into two main types: the traditional EN and the central Pacific EN. This research uncovers that these EN have substantial impacts on the annual variations in ocean salinity in the equatorial Indian Ocean, particularly during the autumn season in the Northern Hemisphere. During traditional EN, ocean salinity tends to decrease, whereas during central Pacific EN, it increases. A thorough salinity budget analysis was conducted to determine the key drivers influencing changes in Indian Ocean salinity. The results suggest that wind-induced anomalous zonal advection plays a crucial role in these salinity changes, which are further affected by the abnormal zonal circulation patterns across the Indian Ocean.