bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Educational video for teaching safe practices in the perioperative period: randomized controlled trial
Authors: Luiz Raissa Bianca , Raponi Maria Beatriz Guimarães , Pires Patrícia da Silva , Cantarino Maria Sagrario Goméz , Barbosa Maria Helena
Published: June 2024

Objective: to assess the effectiveness of an educational video on hospitalized patients’ knowledge of safe practices in the perioperative period. Method: randomized, double-blind controlled trial carried out in a teaching hospital in the countryside of Minas Gerais. 100 participants undergoing elective orthopaedic surgery were randomly allocated (50 participants in the experimental group and 50 participants in the control group). Patient knowledge was assessed using a questionnaire constructed by the researchers and validated by specialists, before and after the intervention (educational video) or standard guidelines were applied. Descriptive statistics were used for quantitative variables and Student’s t-test for independent samples to analyze the mean difference in knowledge between the experimental and control groups (α = 0.05). Results: 100 participants took part in the study, 50 participants in the experimental group and 50 participants in the control group. The experimental group showed a significantly higher gain in knowledge (t =3.72 ±1.84; p<0.001) than the control group. Cohen’s d was 1.22, indicating a large magnitude of the effect. Conclusion: the educational video was effective in improving patients’ knowledge and can contribute to nurses in the practice of health education, optimizing time and disseminating knowledge about safe practices in the perioperative period. Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (REBEC): RBR-8x5mfq.
Usabilidade do aplicativo móvel ROBOVID para educação em saúde acerca da COVID-19
Authors: Correia Gabrielle dos Santos , Silva Aline Cerqueira Santos Santana da , Pinto Layanne Fonseca , Góes Fernanda Garcia Bezerra , Goulart Maithê de Carvalho e Lemos , Pereira-Ávila Fernanda Maria Vieira
Published: June 2024

Objetivo: avaliar a usabilidade do aplicativo móvel ROBOVID para educação em saúde acerca da COVID-19. Método: estudo metodológico com abordagem quantitativa aplicado, desenvolvido com 21 adultos, por meio de formulário eletrônico. A avaliação da usabilidade ocorreu por meio da System Usability Scale . Para análise dos dados utilizou-se o software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences . Resultados: a média global pelo questionário System Usability Scale foi de 87,3, o que classifica a usabilidade do aplicativo ROBOVID como melhor alcançável. Ademais, o aplicativo apresenta índices elevados para facilidade de memorização, satisfação do usuário e facilidade de conhecimento do sistema, além de excelentes índices para ausência de erros e rapidez na execução das tarefas estabelecidas. Conclusão: o aplicativo ROBOVID possui conformidade com os princípios de usabilidade nos critérios de eficiência, eficácia e satisfação na avaliação dos usuários-finais, explicitando que o aplicativo atende às necessidades de consumo frente a suas funcionalidades, demostrando sua viabilidade no que tange aos objetivos iniciais.
Subconjunto terminológico para la Clasificación Internacional para la Práctica de Enfermería en Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Chaves Fernanda Azeredo , Torres Heloisa de Carvalho , Chianca Tânia Couto Machado
Published: June 2024

Objetivo: descrever o processo de elaboração de um subconjunto terminológico para a Classificação Internacional para a Prática de Enfermagem em Diabetes Mellitus , baseado na Teoria das Necessidades Humanas Básicas de Horta e na Teoria Social Cognitiva de Bandura. Método: estudo metodológico realizado a partir da identificação na literatura de 313 enunciados de diagnósticos de Enfermagem pertinentes ao cuidado em diabetes, selecionados e validados por consenso de enfermeiras especialistas em diabetes, provenientes de diferentes estados do Brasil, utilizando a técnica de grupo nominal. Resultados: foram selecionados 156 enunciados diagnósticos/resultados de Enfermagem, sendo relacionados: 111 (71,15%) às necessidades psicobiológicas; 42 (26,92%) às psicossociais e três (1,92%) às psicoespirituais. Foram construídas 433 intervenções de Enfermagem. Os enunciados diagnósticos foram validados a partir do consenso entre os especialistas com índice de validade de conteúdo médio de 0,89, sendo: 0,87 para as necessidades psicobiológicas; 0,93 para as psicossociais e 0,77 para as psicoespirituais. Conclusão: o estudo validou os enunciados do subconjunto terminológico para a Classificação Internacional para a Prática de Enfermagem em diabetes, favorecendo o raciocínio clínico, a qualificação do Processo de Enfermagem e a melhoria das práticas de autocuidado em diabetes. Possibilitou a utilização de linguagem própria da Enfermagem com base em uma classificação reconhecida mundialmente.
Uma exposição didática do método de Runge-Kutta no estudo do pêndulo amortecido
Authors: Celeste A.T.B. , Holanda V.H. de , Santos D.S.
Published: June 2024

Diversos fenômenos naturais são frequentemente modelados usando equações diferenciais. Contudo, uma solução analítica de tais equações nem sempre é possível, de forma que métodos numéricos devem fazer parte do arsenal dos físicos para estudar seu sistema de interesse. Nesse trabalho esperamos proporcionar uma apresentação pedagógica para projetos que necessitem encontrar as soluções de equações diferenciais ordinárias por métodos numéricos. Para isso, usamos o método de Runge-Kutta de quarta ordem para descrever o pêndulo simples com a presença de uma força resistiva através dos seus diagramas de fase nos amortecimentos subcrítico, crítico e supercrítico, por fim comparamos as soluções numéricas com os resultados analíticos.
Reflexões de Sadi Carnot
Authors: Oliveira Mário J. de
Published: June 2024

A teoria de Carnot é singular entre as teorias do calor desenvolvidas antes do surgimento da termodinâmica por considerar a relação entre calor e trabalho. A teoria está contida no livro de Carnot publicado em 1824, que contém as ideias básicas do funcionamento das máquinas térmicas entre elas a necessidade de uma diferença de temperaturas. O princípio fundamental da teoria é enunciado com o auxílío do processo cíclico inventado por Carnot envolvendo duas isotermas e duas adiabáticas. A razão entre o trabalho mecânico produzido durante o ciclo e o calor envolvido depende apenas das temperaturas. Fazemos uma análise critica da teoria de Carnot e mostramos como o principio de Carnot foi utilizado por Clausius para a definição da entropia em termos da qual ele enunciou a segunda lei da termodinâmica.
Pesquisas eleitorais e mudanças tardias na decisão do voto
Authors: Pereira Frederico Batista , Nunes Felipe
Published: June 2024

As pesquisas de intenção de voto para presidente no primeiro turno de 2022 divergiram do resultado de domingo (2 de outubro), levando a críticas de que teriam sido cometidos erros. Este artigo examina uma explicação alternativa para o fato, segundo a qual mudanças de preferências ocorreriam entre as pesquisas e a votação. Embora impopular, a explicação tem respaldo na literatura com foco em dois processos: o voto estratégico e o alinhamento dos indecisos. Utilizando um experimento feito uma semana antes da eleição, mostramos que eleitores indecisos e de candidaturas menores apresentavam propensão a serem persuadidos por vídeos de campanha. Também utilizamos uma pesquisa feita às vésperas do pleito, para desenvolver modelos que identificam eleitores propensos a mudarem suas escolhas, de modo a ajustar a estimativa da votação. Os resultados sugerem que as mudanças tardias seriam um fenômeno mais do que plausível nas eleições brasileiras recentes.
Does hydrogel help in the mitigation and recovery of Eugenia myrcianthes Nied. under water stress?
Authors: Silverio Juliana M. , Santos Joice K. V. dos , Silva Marcio S. da , Scalon Silvana de P. Q. , Santos Cleberton C. , Reis Lucas C. , Linné Jéssica A.
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT Water deficit or flooding can damage the photosynthetic and enzymatic metabolism in plants such as Eugenia myrcianthes Nied. Thus, knowledge of technologies that can mitigate stress damage is necessary for the ex-situ cultivation of these species. This study evaluates the potential of hydrogel (H) to mitigate water stress and assist in the recovery of E. myrcianthes seedlings under different water conditions. The seedlings were separated into three water regimes: R1 - continuous irrigation (control); R2 - intermittent stress, characterized by two stress cycles: water restriction followed by flooding (stress); and R3 - intermittent stress + hydrogel - Forth® gel (stress + H). Evaluations occurred in six periods: zero time (T0), 1st zero photosynthesis (P0), 1st recovery (REC), 2nd P0, 2nd REC, and END. E. myrcianthes seedlings responded to water conditions with reduced CO2 assimilation rate, transpiration, and stomatal conductance during stressful conditions. We observed decrease in the growth parameters of this species under stress, including leaf area and biomass. Under stress, independent of H, plants increased the activity of the enzymes superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and the content of the amino acid proline. We observed recovery potential in most of the evaluated traits. E. myrcianthes seedlings showed morphophysiological changes due to water deficit and flooding. Still, hydrogel did not contribute to alleviating the effects of water deficit on gas exchange and did not affect flooding. Seedlings showed survival and resumption of metabolism and growth after stressful conditions. This demonstrates their resilience due to physiological plasticity, regardless of the use of hydrogel.
Reaction of signal grass (Urochloa spp.) cultivars to Pyricularia species associated with blast disease
Authors: Krug Loane D. , Moreira Suellen de S. , Vicentini Samara N. C. , Nunes Tiago C. , Gonçalves Lucas M. de D. P. , Castroagudín Vanina L. , Barrios Sanzio C. L. , Ceresini Paulo C.
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT Fungi of the genus Pyricularia have a wide range of host plants and are capable of infecting more than 50 species of grasses, causing the blast disease, with damage to the ears. Species of the forage signal grass (Urochloa spp.) can be hosts of this genus of fungus and can be an important source of inoculum of the pathogen for other agricultural crops affected by blast, especially wheat. The objective of this study was to determine the reaction of nine cultivars of Urochloa to the pathogens Pyricularia oryzae Triticum lineage (PoTl), P. pennisetigena, P. urashimae, and P. grisea. The virulence of seven races of PoTl to signal grass cultivars was also evaluated. There was variation in the pathogenicity and virulence of Pyricularia species and PoTl races in different signal grass cultivars. The cultivars Ipyporã, BRS Tupi, and Xaraés were the most resistant to the different blast pathogen species and PoTl races. Therefore, it is recommended to cultivate these varieties in areas adjacent to wheat or in crop-livestock integration.
Bioethics in dentistry: patient autonomy in teaching clinics
Authors: Campany Luciana Narciso da Silva , Rego Sergio
Published: June 2024

Abstract This article analyzes the respect for patient autonomy in dental teaching clinics as perceived by professors and students. Data were obtained by means of individual interviews and focus groups with senior students, teachers interviews and participant observation in two public state universities. Results showed that care provision at the analyzed educational institutions oftentimes does not include respect for patient autonomy. The observed professional training reproduces the hegemonic technicist education and is informed by a paternalistic physician-patient relation that contributes to a constant and undesirable violation of patient rights.
Bioética en odontología: la autonomía del paciente en los centros docentes
Authors: Campany Luciana Narciso da Silva , Rego Sergio
Published: June 2024

Resumen Este artículo tiene el objetivo de analizar el respeto al principio de autonomía en la atención a los pacientes de los centros odontológicos docentes desde el punto de vista de profesores y estudiantes. Para ello, se analizaron dos universidades públicas del estado de Río de Janeiro. Los datos de la investigación se obtuvieron de entrevistas individuales y grupos focales realizadas a estudiantes en el último año de graduación, de entrevistas a docentes y observación participante. Los resultados revelaron que la atención en los centros educativos analizados, en ocasiones, no incluyen el respeto al principio de autonomía de los pacientes. La formación de los profesionales reproduce el modelo hegemónico tecnicista y se rige por el establecimiento de una relación paternalista entre los profesionales y los pacientes, lo que contribuye a una constante e indeseable violación de los derechos de los pacientes.
Moral distress among physicians working in pediatric intensive care
Authors: Santos Junior Newton Carvalhal , Miguel Edson Roberto Arpini , Coelho Izabel Cristina Meister Martins , Esteves Roberto Zonato
Published: June 2024

Abstract This study investigates and interprets the occurrence of moral distress among pediatric physicians working in a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit. A cross-sectional, exploratory, descriptive research was conducted to survey the presence of moral distress among 43 physicians from a specific therapy unit assessed by the Moral Distress Scale Revised. Most responses regarding the presence of moral distress revolved around end-of-life issues, painful life-prolonging situations, poor team communication, professional health problems, discomfort with uncertain prognoses, need for multidisciplinary visits and patient suffering. We sought evidence in research on certain situations that can trigger moral distress at different intensities and frequencies among professionals, according to some variables.
Angustia moral entre los médicos en cuidados intensivos pediátricos
Authors: Santos Junior Newton Carvalhal , Miguel Edson Roberto Arpini , Coelho Izabel Cristina Meister Martins , Esteves Roberto Zonato
Published: June 2024

Resumen Este estudio tiene como objetivo comprender e interpretar la angustia moral entre los médicos en cuidados intensivos pediátricos que trabajan en una Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Pediátricos. Se trata de una investigación exploratoria, descriptiva, de enfoque cuantitativo y transversal, centrada en la aplicación de una herramienta basada en la Moral Distress Scale Revised para identificar la presencia de angustia moral en 43 médicos(as) de una unidad específica. La mayoría de las respuestas a la herramienta de evaluación sobre la presencia de sufrimiento moral giraron en torno a cuestiones del final de la vida, situaciones dolorosas que prolongan la vida, mala comunicación entre el equipo, problemas de salud profesional, malestar ante pronósticos inciertos, necesidad de visitas multidisciplinarias y sufrimiento del paciente. El objetivo fue buscar evidencias sobre determinadas situaciones que pueden desencadenar angustia moral con diferentes intensidades y frecuencias entre los profesionales según algunas variables.
Vulnerabilidade moral entre estranhos morais: limites do princípio da permissão
Authors: Cunha Thiago Rocha da , Sanches Mário , Mannes Mariel
Published: June 2024

Resumo Este artigo apresenta uma análise crítica da obra de Tristram Engelhardt, com foco no princípio da permissão. Argumenta-se que, em contextos de intensas desigualdades sociais e negação de direitos, a aplicação da ética de procedimentos baseada apenas no princípio da permissão pode resultar na vulnerabilidade moral de indivíduos e grupos que não compartilham de determinada moralidade. Isso pode levá-los a serem expostos a diferentes formas de negação de direitos, violência, exploração, exclusão e estigmatização. Diante dessa realidade, destaca-se a importância de fortalecer uma bioética comprometida com a defesa da dignidade, da diversidade, dos direitos humanos e da justiça social.
Agronomic biofortification of waterleaf (Talinum triangulare) with zinc applied via root
Authors: Souza Beatriz Costa de Oliveira Queiroz de , Silva Geysa Manuelle Figueira da , Santos Júnior Ivan Alves dos , Miranda Júnior Haroldo Sá , Santana Marcos Diones Ferreira , Farias Frank dos Santos , Lara Túlio Silva
Published: June 2024

Abstract Zinc (Zn) deficiency affects one-third of the world’s population, and agronomic biofortification is a good way to fight against this problem. Biofortification of leafy vegetables has been driven by their consumption, and, in this scenario, the waterleaf (Talinum triangulare) demonstrates good potential. Thus, this work aimed to verify the efficiency of agronomic biofortification of waterleaf with Zn applied via root. For the experiment, seedlings obtained with vegetative propagation by cuttings were used and cultivated in a mixture of sand and commercial substrate, initially in the laboratory. After acclimatization, the seedlings were transferred to a plant nursery, where NPK and Zn were applied, in six treatments (source Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrate, ZnSO4.7H2O), T1: control; T2: 12.5 mg kg-1; T3: 25 mg kg-1; T4: 50 mg kg-1; T5: 100 mg kg-1; T6: 400 mg kg-1. The length, number of leaves, shoots, inflorescences, and diameter of the collection were measured. The leaf dry mass (LDM), stem (SDM), root (RDM), root-shoot ratio (R S-1), leaf weight ratio (LWR), Dickson’s Quality Index (DQI), leaf and soil Zn levels, total proteins and soluble sugars (TSS) were analyzed. The dose of 400 mg kg-1 provided toxicity to plants, and the dose of 100 mg kg-1 demonstrated better results in plant growth and development and contents of proteins and zinc, with an increase of 4081% of Zn, indicating which is the most effective dose to be used in the biofortification of this species.
Adaptability of different plant species on an extensive green roof
Authors: Marodin Bibiana Antonello , Schafer Gilmar , Emer Aquélis Armiliato , Sodrzeieski Pedro Alexandre , Avrella Eduarda Demari , Tedesco Marília
Published: June 2024

Abstract Plant species used on green roofs in Brazil are of predominantly exotic origin, which is at variance with the diversity of plants available naturally in the country. This study aims to evaluate the development and adaptation of different species of the flora of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, using the extensive green roof system in the presence and absence of irrigation. Eight treatments were carried out using three species native (Alternanthera hirtula, Angelonia integerrima and Dyckia hebdingii) and one exotic species (Aptenia cordifolia), which had their development evaluated in the presence and absence of irrigation. Monthly evaluations were carried out over twelve months to assess height, vegetation cover, maintenance of aerial vegetation, visual aspect of plants, shoot dry matter, and root dry matter. For Dyckia hebdingii and Aptenia cordifolia, the height showed a linear growth independent from the irrigation regime and a decrease in temperature in colder seasons. A. hirtula and A. integralerrima presented oscillation in height increase influenced by environmental temperature conditions. The same behavior was observed for vegetation cover. For most of the time, all species maintained an adequate visual aspect, except for the period when A. hirtula and A. integerrima entered senescence. For shoot and root dry matter, only A. hirtula showed higher values when irrigated among the native species tested. It is concluded that the different species of native flora of the state of Rio Grande do Sul tested have a potential for use on extensive green roofs without the need for irrigation under the conditions in which the present work was developed.
Modelos de Evaluación Docente de la Enseñanza en Línea
Authors: Loor Jéssica Monserrate Vélez
Published: June 2024

Introducción. Uno de los principales problemas que se evidencia en la educación superior es la falta de innovación dentro de los procesos formativos en contextos en línea, por lo que el presente estudio realiza una revisión bibliográfica de los modelos de evaluación docente. Objetivo. Conocer los modelos de Evaluación Docente que se utilizan en la modalidad en línea en la enseñanza de educación superior. Análisis. La búsqueda se realizó en las bases de datos Web of Science, Scopus, Google Académico y Dialnet, teniendo en cuenta la producción comprendida en el periodo 2010 – 2021. La investigación tiene un enfoque cualitativo ya que describe aspectos generales y específicos de los modelos de evaluación docente a nivel mundial con énfasis en Latinoamérica. Para disminuir el riesgo del sesgo se siguieron las recomendaciones de la declaración Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Además, se utilizó las recomendaciones que plantea (Alexander, 2020) en la Review of Educational Research, donde diseña una guía metodológica para realizar revisiones sistemáticas en el ámbito educativo. Se aplicaron criterios de inclusión y exclusión, incluyéndose 22 estudios como muestra final. Resultados. se demuestra que existe poca producción científica de los modelos de evaluación docente en la enseñanza en línea a nivel mundial, generando un reto para seguir realizando futuras investigaciones en esta temática. Conclusiones. La evaluación del desempeño docente busca entender el trabajo del profesor desde múltiples perspectivas, incluyendo la de los estudiantes y los directivos, requiriendo un diseño riguroso para garantizar la coherencia con los objetivos planteados.
A POLÍTICA EM TEMPO INTEGRAL NO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL DE ANOS INICIAIS NO RECIFE
Authors: Pereira Sarah Porto da Paixão Barbosa , Rodrigues Cibele Maria Lima
Published: June 2024

O presente artigo teve por objetivo analisar os processos de interpretação e tradução das gestoras de quatro escolas de tempo integral de anos iniciais no município do Recife. Foram realizadas entrevistas semi-estruturadas com: as gestoras das quatro escolas em tempo integral de anos iniciais; duas técnicas da secretaria de educação envolvidas com a política municipal. Realizamos também análise dos documentos que norteiam tal política para compreender a concepção curricular. Para análise dos dados utilizamos a Análise Textual discursiva (ATD). Nos ancoramos nos estudos de Ball, Maguire e Braun (2016), para compreender o processo de atuação das políticas nas escolas pelos sujeitos que dela participam. Atualmente (2024), o município do Recife conta com quatro escolas de tempo integral de anos iniciais, foram instituídas pela Portaria nº 2103 de 27 de dezembro de 2019. Três dessas são oriundas de experiências anteriores (Medeiros, 2016, Melo, 2017). De acordo com os resultados, é possível afirmar que a gestão municipal tem investido na educação em toda a rede de ensino, por meio de recursos e materiais e requalificação predial das unidades. Entretanto, as gestoras apontam situações de privilégio nas EMTIs, como criação de grupos de trabalhos específicos e eventos, sendo o acompanhamento das quatro unidades realizadas por um Núcleo específico dentro da secretaria, o que torna um acompanhamento mais eficiente em detrimento das outras unidades da rede. As quatro escolas também participam de avaliações locais e nacionais, o que indica uma lógica alinhada à NGP, na busca por eficiência e resultados.
CUSTOMIZED BIOMODEL OF THE CERVICAL SPINE FOR LABORATORY LAMINOPLASTY TRAINING
Authors: Araújo-Júnior Francisco Alves de , Ribas-Filho Jurandir Marcondes , Malafaia Osvaldo , Arantes-Júnior Aluízio Augusto , Ceccato Guilherme Henrique Weiler , Santos-Neto Pedro Helo dos , Ferreira Ricardo Rabello , Bottega Ramon
Published: June 2024

Background: Additive manufacturing has been developed as a promising innovation for many areas, including medicine. There are many ways to use it in spine surgeries and the use of biomodels in the laboratory to study and training of cervical laminoplasty has not yet been reported in the literature.
Objective: To evaluate the use of a biomodel of the cervical spine for surgical training of laminoplasty.
Method: This is an experimental study. Were printed 10 identical biomodels of the cervical spine based on CT and MRI scans of a patient diagnosed with spondylotic cervical myelopathy. The additive manufacturing method used was fused deposition modeling and the raw material chosen was polyatic acid. The sample was divided into 2 groups: control (n = 5; the biomodels were submitted to CT scanning) and open-door (n = 5; the biomodels were submitted to open-door laminoplasty and postoperative CT). The area and anteroposterior diameter of the vertebral canal were measured on CT scans.
Result: The time for printing each piece was 12 h. During the surgical procedure, the support of the biomodels was sufficient to keep them static. The use of drill was feasible; however, continuous irrigation was mandatory to prevents the heating of the plastic material. The raw material used allowed the CT study of the biomodels. It was observed an increase the dimensions of the vertebral canal in 24,80% (0.62 cm2) in the area and 24,88% (3.12 mm) in the anteroposterior diameter.
Conclusion: The cervical spine biomodels can be used for laminoplasty training, even using thermosensitive material such as PLA. The use of continuous irrigation is essential during the use of the drill.
A NOVEL MACHINE LEARNING STUDY: MAXIMIZING THE EFFICIENCY OF PARABOLIC TROUGH SOLAR COLLECTORS WITH ENGINE OIL-BASED COPPER AND SILVER NANOFLUIDS
Authors: Çolak Andaç Batur , Bayrak Mustafa
Published: June 2024

Estimating the heat transfer parameters of parabolic trough solar collectors with machine learning is crucial for
improving the efficiency and performance of these renewable energy systems, optimizing their design and operation,
and reducing costs while increasing the use of solar energy as a sustainable power source. In this study, the heat transfer characteristics of two different nanofluids flowing through the porous media in a straight plane underneath thermal jump conditions were investigated by machine learning methods. For the flow in the parabolic trough solar collector,
two different nanofluids obtained from silver- and copper-based motor oil are considered. Flow characteristics were
obtained by nonlinear surface tension, thermal radiation, and Cattaneo–Christov heat flow, which was used to calculate
the heat flow in the thermal boundary layer. A neural network structure was established to estimate the skin friction
and Nusselt number determined for the analysis of the flow characteristic. The data used in the multilayer neural
network, which was developed using a total of 30 data sets, were divided into three groups as training, validation, and
testing. In the input layer of the network model with 15 neurons in the hidden layer, 10 parameters were defined and
four different results were obtained for two different nanofluids in the output layer. The prediction performance of the established neural network model has been comprehensively studied by means of several performance parameters. The study findings presented that the established artificial neural network can predict the heat transfer characteristics of two different nanofluids obtained from silver- and copper-based motor oil with deviation rates less than 0.06%.
Potentiometric ion-selective membrane sensing of microbially induced calcite precipitation
Authors: Worley Robert L , Badireddy Appala Raju , Khan Kamruzzaman , van der Heijden Ryan , Dewoolkar Mandar
Published: June 2024

Microbially induced calcite precipitation (MICP) is an emerging biogeotechnical technique that facilitates a bio-cementation process through biomineralisation and which can bond otherwise loose soil particles, thereby increasing the shear strength and stiffness of the soil while decreasing its permeability and compressibility. However, the uniformity of calcite (calcium carbonate) precipitation may have a relatively low ‘certainty of execution’ in situ due to strict environmental conditions required for the reaction, highlighting a strong need for in situ monitoring of the subsurface during and following the treatment. This research explored an electrochemical approach to monitoring MICP treatment through the development and use of potentiometric ion-selective sensors to measure ammonium and calcium ions continuously in both aqueous batch reactors and small laboratory-scale soil test cells. Sensor calibrations indicate a strong and reliable correlation between the electrochemical potential and target ion concentration, which shows promise in sensor technology for monitoring MICP and other similar processes. Improvements to the current design are, however, needed, as fouling due to calcite precipitation, and to some extent biofouling of the sensor, was observed in the highly dynamic, biomineralisation environment, which caused data drift/interference. These effects should be considered in data analysis and eliminated/minimised for eventual adoption towards monitoring the efficacy of MICP treatment in situ.
Are the Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease a Risk Factor for Cardiac Arrhythmia?
Authors: Kaya Murtaza , Yıldırım Harun , Çoşkun Abdil , Aydın Hasan , Genc Esref , Kadıoğlu Emine , Halıcı Ali
Published: June 2024

Aim: Hypoxemia, hypercapnia, and automaticity—which are dependent on exacerbation—increase the risk of arrhythmia by causing abnormal atrial and ventricular repolarization in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study aimed to foresee the possibility of arrhythmia by evaluating the electrocardiograms (ECG) of patients having COPD attacks.
Material and Method: In total, 120 patients (66 in the COPD group and 54 in the control group) were included. The differences between the two groups were statistically examined by determining (in milliseconds) QT and QTc interval maximum (max), minimum (min), and dispersion (disp); T-wave peak to end (Tp-e) max, min, and disp; Tp-e max/QT max, Tp-e max/QTc max proportions; and P wave max, min, and disp duration in the ECG parameters of the patients.
Results: Forty-eight (64%) of the males included in the study were in the COPD group and 27 (36%) in the control group, whereas 18 (40%) of the females were in the COPD group and 27 (60%) in the control group. There was no significant difference between the ages of the patients and the levels of sodium and potassium (p = 0.189, 0.353, and 0.071). There was a significant difference between QT max and min in the groups, whereas there was no difference in terms of QT disp (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, and p = 0.490). There was a significant difference between the Tp-e max, min, and disp values in the COPD and control groups (p = 0.041, p < 0.001, and p = 0.001, respectively). There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of the P max duration (p = 0.442), but significant differences between the two groups in P min and disp durations were determined (p = 0.003 and p < 0.001, respectively). In receiver operating characteristic analysis made for P disp and Tp-e disp values in which a firm difference was made, 30 ms was determined as the cutoff for both parameters.
Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first study that the rise of the dispersions of P wave and Tp-e intervals (without rise of QTc disp.) is detected on the evaluation of atrial and ventricular arrhythmia risks on COPD acute attacks.
Los ríos sujetos de derechos en la jurisprudencia de la Corte Constitucional colombiana
Authors:   Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Carrillo Cruz Yudy Andrea
Published: June 2024

Es importante resaltar las innovaciones de la providencia T-622 de 2016 de la Corte Constitucional que declaró al río Atrato sujeto de derechos y a partir de la cual otras sentencias de tribunales y juzgados, actuando como jueces constitucionales, han otorgado tal categoría jurídica a otros ríos de Colombia. En esta lectura crítica, se analizan los avances jurisprudenciales en la protección de los ríos en Colombia y el rol que cumple el Estado y la sociedad frente a la protección del ambiente; asimismo, se examinan los puntos cruciales y los retos que plantea la sentencia, los cuales marcaron un hito en esta materia. Finalmente, se estudia la manera como se espera que los ríos reclamen sus derechos, lo que, en últimas, se circunscribe a la representación del Ministerio de Ambiente y la comunidad aledaña a los afluentes hídricos que se convierten en sus guardianes.
Şarkiyatçı İlya Nikolayeviç Berezin ve Türkiyat Çalışmaları
Authors: Akbaş Arif
Published: June 2024

Bu makalede Rus Şarkiyatçı Ilya Nikolayevich Berezin’in Türkoloji alanındaki çalışmaları tartışılacaktır. Rus oryantalist (Türkolog, İranolog, Moğolist), St. Petersburg Üniversitesi Türk-Tatar Edebiyatı Bölümü onursal Profesörü Ilya Nikolayevich Berezin (1818-1896), Perm eyaletinin Yugovsky (Devlet Fabrikaları: Kalhoz/ Salhoz) köyünde doğmuştur. Evde babasının verdiği eğitimden sonra ilk eğitimini Yekaterinburg’daki bölge okulunda almıştır. Buradayken zekâsı keşfedilen Berezin, G. S. Surovtsev tarafından devlet desteği için Perm Gimnazyumu’na transfer edilmiş/ yönlendirilmiştir. Gymnasium’daki kursun sonunda o Kazan Üniversitesi’nin doğu edebiyatı bölümüne girmiştir. (1837) Üniversitede Profesör F. I. Erdman ve Mirza Kazım-Bek’in rehberliğinde özenle Arapça - Farsça okumuştur. Kurs sonunda Tarih ve Filoloji Fakültesi’nin doğu bölümünü aday derecesi ile bitirmiştir. Bir ara Perslerin ve Tatarların hayatını tanımak için Astrahan’a gitmiştir. Kazan’a döndükten sonra “Aydınlanmanın gelişmesine katkıda bulunan ve onun Müslüman güçler içindeki gidişatını durduran şey nedir?” tezini savunmuş ve yüksek lisans derecesi almıştır. 1855 - 1896 yılları arasında Kazan Üniversitesi’nde çalışmıştır. 1864’te “Dzhuchiev Ulusunun İç Yapısı Üzerine Bir Deneme” ile doktora derecesini almıştır. Berezin tüm hayatı boyunca Türkoloji alanında oldukça önemli eserler kaleme almıştır. Geleneksel Rus oryantalizminde önemli bir yere/ konuma sahiptir.
Türk Dünyasında Ortak Kavramsal Çerçevenin Oluşturulmasına Yönelik Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: Akengin Hamza , Sarybaeva Baktygul
Published: June 2024

Büyük Okyanustan Balkanlara kadar uzanan, Kuzey Denizinden Hindistan sınırlarına kadar olan alanda Türkler yer yer çok geniş alana yayılan devletleri oluşturan gruplar halinde yaşarken, yer yer de özerk yönetim ile farklı devletlerin idaresi altında yaşadığı bilinmektedir. Günümüzde Türk Dünyası olarak bilinen alan tarih boyunca Türklerle özdeşleşmiş, ancak tarihi süreç içerisinde meydana gelen çok çeşitli olaylara bağlı olarak siyasî bakımdan birçok değişime uğramıştır. Türkler, coğrafi olarak tarihten bugüne çok geniş alana yayılmış, farklı topluluklarla yan yana yaşayarak kültür, din, dil bakımından etkileşimde bulunmuştur. Bu etkileşimin sonucunda tüm Türk halklarının ortak kültürü, dili ve inancı olumlu veya olumsuz etkilenmiştir. Özellikle 19. Yüzyılın ikinci yarısından itibaren Türkistan ve Sibirya’da Rus işgali ve yerleşmelerin kurularak Rus nüfusun iskanı ile sömürgeci, müdahaleleri ile Türkler arasındaki birliği, ortak kültürü, dili ve inancı bozmaya yönelik birtakım uygulamalarla karşı karşıya kalmıştır. Bu uygulamalardan biri Türklerin yaşadıkları bölgelerin isimlendirilmesi ile ilgilidir. Dolayısı ile bu araştırmanın amacı, Türk Dünyası için ortak kavramsal çerçevenin önemine vurgu yapmak ve literatürdeki belirsizliği gidermek, Türk Dünyasını tanımlamak üzere kullanılan kavramlar konusunda ortak bir çerçeve oluşturmak ve Türk Dünyasında birlik-bütünlüğü sağlama konusunda tarihi dönemde kimlerin fikir babalığı yaptığına vurgu yapmaktır. Bu araştırmada literatür analizine dayalı, nitel araştırma deseni kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın literatürünü 19. Yüzyılın başından beri yayınlanmış ve özellikle bugün “Orta Asya Türk Cumhuriyetleri” olarak tanımlanan Türk Cumhuriyetlerinde kullanılan tarih, coğrafya ve diğer alanlarda yazılmış eserler oluşturmaktadır. Konu ile ilgili araştırmacıların çalışmaları derlenerek, karşılaştırmalar yapılmıştır. Ortak kavramsal çerçeve için Türk Cumhuriyetleri coğrafyası, tarihi coğrafyası analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmada, bazı ortak kavramların daha önce Türk Cumhuriyetlerinde kullanıldığı ve sonrasında kullanımdan çıktığı tespit edilmiştir. Bu kavramların tekrar kullanılır hale getirilmesi ve kullanımlarının teşvik edilmesi önem arz etmektedir. Araştırma sonunda: Coğrafi kavram olarak Orta Asya Türkleri kavramı yerine Türkistan kavramının kullanılması önerilmektedir.
A Turning Point in the Islamic-Byzantine Struggle: The Battle Of Yarmūk (15/636)
Authors: Avcı Casim
Published: June 2024

From the time of the Prophet Muhammad (pbuh), multifaceted relations took place between the Muslim Arabs and the Christian Byzantines. Byzantine Empire was one of the two superpowers of the period along with the Sasanian Empire. Military struggles have an important place in the relations between Muslims and Byzantium. Among these, the Battle of Yarmouk, which took place in 15/636 during the reign of Caliph Umar, is a turning point for both Islamic and Byzantine history.
In the Byzantine-Sasanian struggle that continued during the birth years of Islam, Muslims were in favor of Byzantines, the People of the Book, against the Zoroastrian Sassanids. The envoy sent by the Prophet to Heraclius during the Madina period was well received by the emperor. However, after a while, the Prophet's envoy to the governor of Busra was killed by the Christian Gassanid emir. When Byzantium supported the Gassanians in the Battle of Mûtah, the armies of Islam and Byzantium faced each other for the first time. This was followed by the Prophet's expedition to Tabuk against Byzantium with an army of 30,000 men. During the reign of Caliph Abū Bakr, the Islamic armies fought against the Sassanids on the Iraqi front on the one hand and the Byzantine armies in Syria on the other. With the Battle of Ajnâdeyn that took place in this period, the gates of Syria were opened to the Muslims.
During the reign of Caliph Umar, the struggle continued on both fronts. After the victories of Fihl and Marjussuffar against Byzantium, the Islamic armies captured the center of Syria, Damascus. Then the cities of Ba'lebek, Hama and Homs were conquered. Finally, the Battle of Yarmouk between the Islamic and Byzantine armies in 15/636 decided the fate of the region and Syria fell to the Muslims. Emperor Heraclius, who had hoped that he could take back the lands the Muslims had conquered in the region, gave up hope and left the region, returning first to Antioch and then to the capital Istanbul.
The Muslim victory over Byzantium at Yarmouk was a turning point in Islamic history. After this victory, the Islamic armies conquered Jerusalem, the religious center of the Christians, and other cities of the Palestinian region. This was followed by the conquest of al-Jazira and Egypt. With the first naval battle of the Islamic navy against the Byzantine navy during the reign of Caliph Uthman, the Muslims dominated the Eastern Mediterranean.
Dependent Case for Mongolian: Unifying accusative subjects
Authors: Peters Sable Andrew
Published: June 2024

In Modern Mongolian, the subjects of many subordinate clauses, both complements and adjuncts, may be marked with the accusative case (von Heusinger, Klein & Guntsetseg 2011; Guntsetseg 2016). This study argues that the full empirical picture of these marked subjects necessitates an analysis based on Dependent Case Theory (Marantz 1991; Baker & Vinokurova 2010; Baker 2015), which additionally provides an account of case assignment more broadly in the language, including in differential object marking. Prior syntactic analyses (Bao et al. 2015; Fong 2019) rely on Agree-based case-licensing from v, resulting in ECM-like accounts. However, the appearance of accusative on subjects of adjoined clauses, as well as in clauses with no canonical accusative-assigning verbs (intransitives, passives) rules out v as the case assigner. Instead, following Baker & Vinokurova (2010), this account argues that accusative case is assigned configurationally. Once established that a configurational approach to case-assignment handles subjects, as well as direct objects, the approach is applied to Mongolian-specific issues including voice alternations and converbial adjuncts, showing that the theory predicts case-assignment patterns there. Finally, the study examines data from dative marking and scrambling in ditransitives to refine Baker & Vinokurova’s (2010) original theory, obviating the need for case-stacking by restricting the timing of application of the Dependent Case algorithm.
INTENSIFICATION OF HEAT TRANSFER OF CONTACT REACTOR FOR SULFURIC ACID ALKYLATION OF ISOBUTANE WITH BUTYLENES
Authors: Zhdanov Stepan , Gantsev Alexander V.
Published: June 2024

Modern requirements for the quality of automotive fuel, particularly in the context of environmental sustainability, emphasize the urgent need to optimize its production processes. One key stage in this area is sulfuric acid alkylation, a process aimed at obtaining a high-quality gasoline component with minimal harmful impurities.The aim of this study is to improve the heat transfer efficiency in the contact reactor of this process to enhance the quality of the resulting alkylate. The article's structure includes an analysis of the significance of isobutane and olefin alkylation in the presence of sulfuric acid, emphasizing its crucial role in obtaining a component with high detonation resistance and minimal harmful elements for automotive fuel. Against this background, the issue of increased temperature in the reaction zone is highlighted, leading to the formation of harmful by-products and deteriorating the quality of the alkylate.The research methodology involves modeling flows in the reaction zone of the contact reactor using the SolidWorks 3D software and the Flow Simulation tool. Analysis of the base reactor model revealed a problematic stagnant zone, negatively impacting heat transfer efficiency and the temperature regime of the process.The article proposes a solution to this issue by modernizing the reactor with the introduction of spiral partitions, promoting improved flow turbulence and increased heat transfer coefficient. Modeling the modernized reactor demonstrates a more uniform flow distribution and temperature reduction, which can lead to improved alkylate quality and reactor productivity.The results of this study provide a basis for optimizing alkylation processes to enhance the efficiency of producing environmentally friendly automotive gasoline.
OPTIMIZATION OF TECHNOLOGICAL SCHEME FOR UNSTABLE HYDROCARBON CONDENSATES DEMETHANIZATION
Authors: Kazakova Anastasia I. , Kurochkin Andrey V. , Akulov Sergey V. , Chirkova Alena G. , Sungatulin Iskander R. , Khafizova Svetlana R.
Published: June 2024

The modern technological process allowing to achieve high recovery of C2+ components is low-temperature gas rectification, including demethanization stage of unstable hydrocarbon condensates. Demethanization is based on separation of gas-liquid mixture by low-temperature rectification. The yield and quality of the target gas separation products depend on the demethanizer operation. In this connection it is important to arrange the demethanization unit operation so as to preserve the separation quality in the column and minimize ethane losses with commercial gas. One of the methods of process optimization is the use of technological techniques aimed at reducing the flow rate of gas supplied to the column.This article presents a brief overview of the demethanization process, considers the features of demethanizer operation. Technological solutions of the leading engineering company Linde are analyzed and bottlenecks in the technological scheme are revealed: low depth of ethane recovery, which is associated with high losses of ethane with dry stripped gas; large diameter of the upper part of the demethanizer, which is associated with high loads of the column on the vapor phase. In this connection the optimized technology of the process developed by Research and Design Institute «PEGAZ» LLC is offered. It is shown that application of three-stage separation of gas-liquid streams before their feeding into the demethanizer leads to unexpected results: prevention of possible ethane entrainment, reducing ethane losses, reduction of vapor phase load in the upper part of the demethanizer due to feeding only separation residues into the column as a feed stream. Implementation of such a modified scheme allows increasing the degree of ethane recovery, reducing ethane losses, reducing the mass and dimensional characteristics of the column and its cost.
Elektromagnetische Felder – Allgemeine Grundlagen
Authors:   Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz, Kompetenzzentrum Elektromagnetische Felder, Cottbus, Deser Andreas
Published: June 2024

Durch den enormen technischen Fortschritt des letzten Jahrhunderts sind elektromagnetische Felder heutzutage eine allgegenwärtige physikalische Erscheinung. Ausgehend von den grundlegenden Eigenschaften gibt dieser Beitrag einen Überblick über nachgewiesene Wirkungen elektromagnetischer Felder auf den Menschen und die daraus abgeleiteten Grenzwerte werden vorgestellt.
Bewertung der Exposition von Beschäftigten durch elektromagnetische Felder am Arbeitsplatz. Teil 1: Beschäftigte ohne Implantat
Authors:   Institut für Arbeitsschutz der Deutschen Gesetzlichen Unfallversicherung e. V., Sankt Augustin, Alteköster Carsten , Soyka Florian ,   Institut für Arbeitsschutz der Deutschen Gesetzlichen Unfallversicherung e. V., Sankt Augustin, Bömmels Ingo ,   Institut für Arbeitsschutz der Deutschen Gesetzlichen Unfallversicherung e. V., Sankt Augustin
Published: June 2024

Nach § 3 der Arbeitsschutzverordnung zu elektromagnetischen Feldern (EMFV) ist der Arbeitgeber verpflichtet, festzustellen, ob am Arbeitsplatz von Beschäftigten elektrische, magnetische oder elektromagnetische Felder (kurz: EMF) auftreten und ob durch eine damit verbundene Exposition Gefährdungen für die Gesundheit und die Sicherheit entstehen. Liegt eine unzulässige Exposition vor, so muss der Arbeitgeber Maßnahmen ergreifen. Dieser Artikel erläutert die Durchführung einer Gefährdungsbeurteilung exemplarisch an zwei Beispielen.
Bewertung der Exposition von Beschäftigten durch elektromagnetische Felder am Arbeitsplatz. Teil 2: Beschäftigte mit Implantat
Authors:   Institut für Arbeitsschutz der Deutschen Gesetzlichen Unfallversicherung e. V., Sankt Augustin, Alteköster Carsten , Soyka Florian ,   Institut für Arbeitsschutz der Deutschen Gesetzlichen Unfallversicherung e. V., Sankt Augustin, Bömmels Ingo ,   Institut für Arbeitsschutz der Deutschen Gesetzlichen Unfallversicherung e. V., Sankt Augustin
Published: June 2024

Aufbauend auf dem Artikel „Bewertung der Exposition von Beschäftigten durch elektromagnetische Felder am Arbeitsplatz – Teil 1: Beschäftigte ohne Implantat“ in dieser ASU-Ausgabe wird hier die Beurteilung der Gefährdung von Beschäftigten mit aktiven und passiven medizinischen Implantaten bei Exposition durch elektrische, magnetische oder elektromagnetische Felder (kurz: EMF) am Arbeitsplatz erläutert. Diese Personengruppe fällt nach der Arbeitsschutzverordnung für elektromagnetische Felder (EMFV) unter den Oberbegriff der „besonders schutzbedürftigen Beschäftigten“, die bei der Gefährdungsbeurteilung gesondert betrachtet werden müssen.
Nichtionisierende Strahlung: Erfahrungen und Anforderungen an ein Ärztenetzwerk
Authors:   Ärztinnen und Ärzte für Umweltschutz (AefU), Basel, Steiner Edith
Published: June 2024

Zum Thema nichtionisierende Strahlung (NIS) besteht ein Bedarf für umweltmedizinische Beratungsstrukturen, doch gibt es nur wenig systematisches Wissen dazu. Beobachtungen sollten ernst genommen, medizinisch abgeklärt und umweltbezogene Faktoren systematisch miteinbezogen werden. Der folgende Beitrag stellt ein in die Grundversorgung eingebettetes Versorgungskonzept in der Schweiz vor: Ein Ärztenetzwerk aus umweltmedizinisch geschulten Konsiliarärztinnen und -ärzten führt auf Zuweisung umweltmedizinische Beratungen durch. Eine Koordinationsstelle an einem universitären Hausarztinstitut operiert als Backoffice und sichert Qualität und nötige Forschung.