bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Goal-Directed Fluid Therapy Based on Pulse-Pressure Variation Compared with Standard Fluid Therapy in Patients Undergoing Complex Spine Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Wongtangman Karuna , Wilartratsami Sirichai , Hemtanon Nattachai , Tiviraj Supinya , Raksakietisak Manee
Published: May 2021

Study Design: Prospective, randomized, controlled study.Purpose: To determine whether the use of goal-directed fluid therapy (GDT) guided by pulse-pressure variation (PPV) and fluid management protocol can reduce intraoperative hypotension, blood transfusion requirements, and postoperative complications in adults undergoing complex spine surgery.Overview of Literature: Complex spine surgeries involve a significant risk of blood loss and intraoperative hypotension. Previous studies showed that GDT reduces intraoperative hypotension and postoperative complications in these surgery types; however, limited information exists about GDT guided by PPV.Methods: Sixty adults (18–70 years) patients undergoing complex spine surgeries at Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Thailand were enrolled. Patients were allocated to two groups (30 patients in each) using computer-generated randomization. Intraoperative fluid and vasopressor were administrated via either GDT or standard care. The GDT algorithm used PPV and fluid protocol as the primary tool to guide hemodynamic management. The incidences and episodes of perioperative hypotension were measured as the outcomes.Results: Fifty-seven patients were analyzed (three patients in the GDT group were excluded). The baseline characteristics and surgical procedures of the two groups did not differ significantly. The prevalence of intraoperative hypotension was 80.0% for the control group and 66.7% for the GDT group (p=0.25). Two episodes (1–3) of intraoperative hypotension occurred in the control group, and one episode (0–3) occurred in the GDT group; the difference was not significantly different (p=0.57). The intraoperative blood transfusion requirements and postoperative complications were similar in both the groups. In the subgroup analysis, patients with intraoperative hypotension exhibited a higher incidence of postoperative bowel dysfunction.Conclusions: PPV-guided GDT and fluid protocol, as compared with standard practice, did not show significant advantages with respect to intraoperative hypotension, blood transfusion, or postoperative complications in patients undergoing complex spine surgery in the prone position.
Minimally Invasive Surgery versus Open Surgery for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Neradi Deepak , Kumar Vishal , Kumar Sunil , Sodavarapu Praveen , Goni Vijay , Dhatt Sarvdeep Singh
Published: May 2021

Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) is being recommended over more invasive methods. MIS advantages are less time in the operating room, less blood loss, a shorter recovery time, and shorter length of stay. A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed using the literature from minimally invasive and open surgery for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). We conducted this analysis to see whether MIS has advantages over traditional surgery. A systematic review was conducted using PubMed, Embase, and Scopus to find articles comparing minimally invasive and open surgery techniques for AIS patients. Data extraction and meta-analysis were completed. The primary data points collected were correction rate and functional outcomes, including perioperative and postoperative parameters. A total of six studies were included in the final analysis. The MIS group had 123 patients, and the open surgery group had 150 patients. The correction rate and functional outcomes favored the open surgery group with a mean difference of 4.60 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.08 to 9.12) and 0.11 (95% CI, 0.04 to 0.17), respectively. The duration of surgery, blood loss, number of patients requiring transfusion, and analgesic requirements favored the MIS group with a significant difference. Open surgery is better than MIS in achieving a better correction rate and good functional outcomes. MIS is better over open surgery when perioperative parameters are considered.
Progressive Judaism in France
Authors: Berkowitz Stephen
Published: May 2021

Progressive Judaism became institutionalized in 1907 with the inauguration of the Union Libérale Israélite synagogue in Paris. During the nineteenth century, although Reform ideas were discussed and in some cases implemented (e.g. use of organ, reduction of piyutim), the Central Consistory prevented the creation of an independent Progressive synagogue. Today, the Progressive movement in France is relatively underdeveloped, with thirteen synagogues, full-time rabbis serving only Parisian congregations and no national movement structure. In recent years, however, there have been some positive developments such as the creation of a rabbinical body of French-speaking Progressive rabbis, an annual summer camp and the Moses Mendelssohn Foundation to promote Progressive Judaism. As French Jewry faces major challenges such as the persistence of a virulent form of anti-Semitism and the departure of thousands of active French Jews each year to Israel, the USA, Canada and elsewhere, Progressive Jews in France ask themselves what the future holds for them.
Talking My Way In
Authors: Sarah Elli Tikvah
Published: May 2021

In the lecture she gave at the Day of Celebration to mark twenty-five years of ordaining LGBT rabbis by Leo Baeck College on 23 June 2014, Rabbi Dr Rachel Adler spoke persuasively and encouragingly of ‘newcomers’ to the ongoing Jewish ‘conversation’, ‘affecting the tradition’ by teaching the tradition ‘to re-understand its own stories’, and also by telling ‘stories that the tradition does not know at all’. For most of my rabbinate, I was engaged in the first kind of storytelling. More recently, I have been doing more of the second kind. In my response to Rachel Adler’s lecture, I trace my journey, both within the context of the developing women’s rabbinate and as a particular journey taken by a lesbian feminist queer rabbi determined that the voices, perspectives and lives of LGBTQ Jews are included within and transform Jewish life and teaching.
A Woman Would Marry a Woman
Authors: Clenman Laliv
Published: May 2021

This article revisits the classic rabbinic midrash prohibiting marriages between women, found in Sifra or Torat Kohanim. The author proposes that the midrash be read as a construction of a parallel feminist science-fiction universe where lesbian marriages are commonplace and women are legal persons as well as active subjects. The complex interplay between the invisibility and visibility of lesbian sexual relations as well as the questioning of their existence and significance is examined in relation to their relative permissibility. Prohibition of lesbian marriages is linked to an acknowledgement of the substantive nature of sexual relations between women, while the denial of their existence is linked to permissive and dismissive positions. Maimonides’s ruling in his Mishneh Torah is analysed in view of his Talmudic influences, which are found to be competing with the radically divergent position found in Sifra, resulting in a position that both asserts and denies the significance of lesbian relationships.
Changing Gear but Not Direction
Authors: Blue Lionel
Published: May 2021

In this article, Lionel Blue contemplates approaching the end of life. The rabbinic tradition describes this world as a ‘prozdor’, a corridor to the world to come. We are ‘in between’ creations, with a toehold in heaven, yet intimations of heaven can be found in this life. As for dying, that can be a messy business. ‘I do not like the pain which accompanies all transformation.’ Dying is very different in the experience of those who are left behind, who wish to hold on to the one who is dying, whereas the latter may need silent companionship and permission to depart. Lionel offers some personal stratagems for dealing with old age. Indulge yourself and treat yourself insofar as your medication allows. Treasure friendships. Keep up your conversation with God.
Elizabethan Orientalia
Authors: da Silva Tavim Josè Alberto Rodrigues
Published: May 2021

Elizabeth I had people of Jewish origin in her personal circle, such as the famous physician Rodrigo Lopez, who was a relative of an influential Jew called Álvaro Mendes. Mendes was born in Portugal, and later took refuge in the Ottoman Empire, where he was known as Salomon ibn Ya’ish; we know that he exchanged correspondence with Elizabeth I, and the queen always favoured him in her missives to Sultan Murad III. The queen knew that Mendes received, while a Christian, a knighthood in the Order of Santiago, since she dubbed him ‘Eques’ in her correspondence. So even if ibn Ya’ish lived exiled in the Ottoman Empire, Elizabeth I still considered him a ‘Westerner’. The question that arises is: to what extent did this pragmatic diplomacy of Elizabeth I with Islamic states where some ‘Western’ Jews appear as pivotal elements shape their image in Elizabethan England, especially in the eclectic circles in which Shakespeare lived?
Teatrum Mundi
Authors: Gillis Rebecca
Published: May 2021

Israeli doctors enjoy the dubious reputation of being unfeeling, arrogant and altogether incapable of listening to patients’ concerns, to such an extent that the success of treatment can be seriously compromised, on both a scientific and human level. In an attempt to combat these shortcomings, Israel has followed other countries’ lead in incorporating exposure to the humanities as an integral part of the medical curriculum. I argue that Shakespeare’s theatre provides a unique platform for discussion of the ways in which we approach our own and our patients’ mental and physical pain. I address the particular challenges of teaching Shakespeare to multicultural Israeli medical students and the value of drawing on performances in Hebrew and Arabic as well as English. I employ performance theory and cultural studies to shed light on the insights to be gained by exposure to Shakespeare performance which can directly impact these future medical practitioners’ experience.
A Hebrew Take on Shylock on the New York Stage
Authors: Nahshon Edna
Published: May 2021

Shylock’47 was a Hebrew-language stage production presented by the Pargod Theatre in New York in 1947. Conceived and directed by Peter Frye, it was a metatheatrical play-within-a-play that interrogated the idea of producing The Merchant of Venice in the aftermath of the Holocaust. It combined original scenes culled from Shimon Halkin’s Hebrew translation of Merchant with present-based transitional scenes, created mostly through improvisation and discussion between director and cast. What eventually emerged was a script based on Shakespeare’s text with added dramatized discussions about the play’s meaning and relevance to Jews at that particular moment in history.
Relocalising academic literacy
Authors: Clemensen Nana , Holm Lars
Published: May 2021

Abstract

This article contributes to the continuing discussion about academic literacy in international higher education. Approaching international study programmes as temporary educational contact zones, marked by a broad diversity in students’ educational and discursive experiences, we examine the negotiation and relocalisation of academic literacy among students of the international master’s programme, Anthropology of Education and Globalisation (AEG), University of Aarhus, Denmark. The article draws on an understanding of academic literacy as a local practice situated in the social and institutional contexts in which it appears. Based on qualitative interviews with eleven AEG-students, we analyse students’ individual experiences of, and perspectives on, the academic literacy practices of this study programme. Our findings reveal contradictory understandings of internationalism and indicate a learning potential for students in allowing a more linguistically and discursively diverse dialogue on knowledge production in academia.
“Rights of Things”
Authors: Schweitzer Doris
Published: May 2021

We can identify a legal vanishing point within neo-materialist and posthumanist approaches—either explicitly, for example, when things are regarded as political actors or contractual partners; or implicitly, when authors hint at the anthropocentric limitations of the granting of rights to human beings. Conversely, “rights of things” appear as a posthumanist approach to law as they decentralize “the human.” But do “rights of things” actually surmount the strict divide between humans (persona) and nonhumans (res) within law? By referring to three empirical cases—animal rights, rights of nature, and robot rights—I will argue that “rights of things” do not necessarily push against the anthropocentrism of law. Rather, we can identify a re-centralization of humans within a given milieu. Thus, the critical impact of the concept “rights of things” must be reconsidered; furthermore, we can draw some conclusions for the theoretical approaches of New Materialism and Posthumanism itself.
Wiping away the Tears of the Ocean
Authors: Ramose Mogobe
Published: May 2021

Abstract

This article distinguishes between pan-Africanism and pan-Africanness. It argues that the history of pan-Africanism is replete with achievements but that the achievements could have been more and radical if the movement had from its inception adopted pan-Africanness, manifesting itself as ubuntu, as its point of departure. It focuses on epistemic and material injustice and suggests that there cannot be social justice without epistemic justice. The pursuit of the latter ought to lead to giving up one’s life if necessary, for the sake of giving life to others.
The Relevance of Robert Sobukwe’s Pan-Africanism in Contemporary South Africa
Authors: Marx Lauren
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Presently certain catchphrases and hashtags have been circulating and trending in the public discourse such as ‘white monopoly capital’, ‘radical economic transformation’ and movements’ phrases such as ‘fees must fall’ and ‘Black First Land First’ formulated in response to issues around education, land and race specifically. However, Robert Sobukwe, intellectual giant of the pan-Africanist struggle, articulated very strong beliefs underpinning these burning societal questions from as early as the 1940s. His incarceration, banishment and ultimate death in 1978 left a political vacuum in South Africa and more than twenty years after democracy, the aforementioned issues Sobukwe stressed during his time need to be revisited. South African is currently experiencing a massive resurgence in the narrative and discourse regarding the need for dialogue around education transformation, land reform and race as a whole. Therefore, this article seeks to draw unpack Sobukwe’s take on these three burning issues in relation to the current discourse in South Africa today underpinned by pan-Africanist philosophy.
Periodontal Disease in Patients Visiting a Tertiary Care Dental Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Dhami Bhageshwar , Thapaliya Kamal Babu , Shrestha Dinesh Kumar , Bhandari Bidhan , Gupta Sujaya
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Periodontitis is chronic disease leading to tooth loss. Oral hygiene practices combined with regular dental examinations keep oral cavity disease free and maintain periodontal health. The primary objective was to find out the prevalence of periodontal disease of patients measured by the Simplified Oral Hygiene Index and Community Periodontal Index.
Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in department of Periodontics of a tertiary care dental hospital from April to June 2019 after obtaining ethical clearance and informed consent. Participants were recruited by convenience sampling and 183 sample size was calculated. Proforma included demographics, Simplified Oral Hygiene Index, Community Periodontal Index, body mass index, and smoking status. Data were entered in Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 23 and descriptive statistics were presented as frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation.
Results: Prevalence of periodontal disease corresponding to loss of attachment 1, 2, 3, and 4 was found to in 104 (56.83%) participants. Simplified Oral Hygiene Index score was 1.67±0.89 with “fair” status in majority 114 (62.30%). Gingivitis (Community Periodontal Index 1, 2) was seen in 136 (74.32%). The mean age was 36.37±14.43 years of which 92 (50.27%) were female but smoking was more in males.
Conclusions: This study suggests deteriorating periodontal health related to age, sex, oral hygiene, smoking, and BMI. As updated information on oral and periodontal health in Nepal is limited, this assessment would help the national policy makers on oral health intervention measures to prevent periodontitis and develop future programs to improve oral health.
AIR DEFENCE IDENTIFICATION ZONE: UPAYA MENJAGA KEDAULATAN WILAYAH UDARA INDONESIA
Authors: Razqi Afrizal
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACTAir is an inseparable part of a country, a country's sovereignty over land and sea also means sovereignty over airspace. As an international community, it is only natural that Indonesia's airspace is used for the common interest of supporting population mobility and economic improvement. However, Indonesian sovereignty over airspace is still being violated by foreign aircraft. Air Defence Identification Zone (ADIZ) is a zone for identification of foreign aircraft before entering the airspace. The determination of ADIZ Indonesia needs to be accompanied by various preparations including improving positive laws regarding airspace security, completing air defense system infrastructure, and building an understanding of the concept of ADIZ Indonesia with neighboring countries directly bordering Indonesia. This paper uses a normative legal research method using a descriptive analysis approach, a legal material search technique uses a secondary data source obtained through a literature study, and a study analysis uses qualitative analysis. The results of the writing show that there are legal gaps and gaps in the determination of administrative sanctions fines, the lack of the number of radars belonging to the Indonesian Air Force under the National Defense Force in protecting Indonesian airspace, and the heavy-duty of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs to build the trust of neighboring countries amid the dynamics of the South China Sea territorial conflict if the government determines ADIZ Indonesia.Keywords: Airspace; Sovereignty; ADIZ. ABSTRAKUdara merupakan bagian yang tidak terpisahkan dari suatu negara, kedaulatan suatu negara akan daratan dan lautan juga berarti kedaulatan akan wilayah udara. Sebagai masyarakat Internasional, sudah sewajarnya wilayah udara Indonesia dimanfaatkan untuk kepentingan bersama guna mendukung mobilitas penduduk sampai peningkatan ekonomi. Namun kedaulatan Indonesia akan wilayah udara masih marak dilanggar oleh pesawat udara asing. Air Defence Identification Zone (ADIZ) merupakan zona identifikasi pesawat udara asing sebelum memasuki wilayah udara. Penetapan ADIZ Indonesia perlu dibarengi dengan pelbagai kesiapan meliputi penyempurnaan hukum positif mengenai pengamanan wilayah udara, melengkapi infrastruktur sistem pertahanan udara, dan membangun kesepahaman konsep ADIZ Indonesia dengan negara tetangga yang berbatasan langsung dengan Indonesia. Menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif analisis. Teknik penelusuran bahan hukum menggunakan sumber data sekunder yang didapat melalui studi kepustakaan. Analisis kajian menggunakan analisis kualitatif. Hasil penulisan menunjukan bahwa ada celah dan kekosongan hukum dalam penetapan denda sanksi administratif, kurangnya jumlah radar milik TNI AU dibawah Kohanudnas dalam melindungi wilayah udara Indonesia, dan tugas berat Kementerian Luar Negeri untuk membangun kepercayaan negara tetangga ditengah dinamika konflik teritorial Laut China Selatan apabila pemerintah menetapkan ADIZ Indonesia.
Ag-grafted on ZnO nanorod arrays using UV-assisted irradiation for enhanced SERS behavior in CV detection
Authors: Trang Ton Nu Quynh , To Cam Huong Le , Duong Thai , Thi Hanh Thu Vu
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Semiconductor-based surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates with high stability and reproducibility have become one of the essential analytical tools in the analysis of chemical and biological at trace levels. Herein, a growth of the hexagonal-wrapped ZnO nanorod arrays decorating with Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs) at different concentrations of Ag was proposed.

Methods: The crystallinity, morphology, chemical composition, and optical properties of the prepared samples were investigated by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), Raman system, respectively.

Results: The results revealed that the SERS performance of ZnO NRs incorporating with AgNPs exhibited higher detection of crystal violet (CV) probe molecules at a low concentration of 10􀀀8 M than that of the pristine ZnO NRs. This effect originates from the localized surface plasmonic resonance of AgNPs that could cause a strong electromagnetic field and synergistic effects of Ag, ZnO, and CV molecules in ZnONRs@Ag/CV SERS system.

Conclusion: These outcomes reveal that AgNPs play a crucial role in enhanced SERS performance for chemical and biological detection of ZnO substrate.
Synthesis and electrochemical properties of Na0:67Mn0:75Ni0:25O2 in carbonate-based electrolytes
Authors: Huynh Tuyên Thi Kim , Lê Kha Minh , Phùng Thịnh Gia , Nguyễn Hoàng Văn , Lê Phụng Mỹ Loan
Published: May 2021

In this work, a single phase of P2-Na0:67Mn0:75Ni0:25O2 (NaMNO) material was successfully synthesized via a coprecipitation method with the size varying from 2 to 4 mm. According to the atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), all the metallic elements were uniformly distributed in the bulk material with the desired ratio Mn¸Ni = 3¸1. The electrochemical properties of P2-NaNMO were investigated in carbonate-based electrolytes using 1M NaClO4 or 1M NaPF6. Among these electrolytes, this cathode exhibited the best electrochemical performance with initial capacity up to 205.7 mAh/g and capacity retention reaches 63.2% during 60 cycles when using 1M NaClO4/PC + 2% (v/v) VC. Indeed, vinylene carbonate (VC) additive plays an important role in improving the performance of NaMNO cathode through the formation of a stable cathode electrolyte interphase layer (CEI). Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was performed to demonstrate CEI layer formation indicated by the elevation of the electrode surface film and double layer impedance in the initial cycle. During cycling, galvanostatic intermittent titration technique (GITT) helps to calculate the Na+ ion diffusion coefficient, which was increased clearly at the working voltages of Mn3+/Mn4+ and Ni3+/Ni4+ redox couples.
Medicinal Plants Effective in the Prevention and Control of Coronaviruses
Authors:   Department of Plant Pathology and Plant Protection (Microbiology), Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran., Ketabchi Saghar , Papari Moghadamfard Maryam ,   Department of Chemistry, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran.
Published: May 2021

Objective: Coronaviruses often cause acute complications in the respiratory system with cold-like symptoms. A number of them, such as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) and Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) have killed thousands of people and have caused epidemics and pandemics. This review study aims to investigate the most common medicinal plants in Iran and introduce their natural products with antiviral effects on coronaviruses and strengthening the immune system in order to prevent and control them. Methods: In this review study, a search was conducted in national and international databases such as Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, SID, MagIran and IranMedex by using keywords such as COVID-19, Coronaviruses, SARS, MERS, SARS-CoV-2, PEDV in both Persian and English for studies published until 2020, and finally 51 articles were selected. Results: There are 10 plants with antiviral effects on members of the family Coronaviridae among which Ginger, Galangal, Cinnamon, Fennel flower, Grapefruit (peel), and Purple coneflower were effective on COVID-19. Elder, Ginseng, Aloe vera, Milkvetch, and Shirazi Thyme plants were effective in boosting the immune system and preventing viral diseases. Conclusion: Inhibiting the replication of viruses is the common mechanism in antiviral drugs, but natural compounds usually counteract it by disrupting key proteins and virulence factors of viruses. Therefore, the use of the antiviral components of reported plants can be useful in producing drugs for these viruses, especially the one causing COVID-19.
Effect of Auriculotherapy on Sleep Quality in Elderly With Chronic Low Back Pain: A Single-blind Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors:   Trauma Nursing Research Center, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran., Pourmohammadi Maryam , Tagharrobi Zahra ,   Trauma Nursing Research Center, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran., Sharifi Khadijeh ,   Trauma Nursing Research Center, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran., Sooki Zahra ,   Trauma Nursing Research Center, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran., Zare Joshaghani Fatemeh ,   Trauma Nursing Research Center, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
Published: May 2021

Objective: One of the common problems that leads to poor sleep quality in the elderly is low back pain. This study aims to evaluate the effect of auriculotherapy (ear acupressure) on the sleep quality of elderly people with chronic low back pain. Methods: This single-blind randomized clinical trial was conducted in 2019 on 70 older adults with chronic low back pain in Kashan, Iran, who were selected using a convenience sampling technique. After obtaining a written informed consent, they were assigned into intervention and sham groups using the block randomization method. In the intervention group, the pressure was applied to ShenMen, sympathetic, subcortex and low back points of the ear, while in the sham group, the pressure was applied to the points that were not associated with the low back pain. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ) were completed at the beginning of the study, at the end of intervention, and one month after the end of intervention. Six patients from the Sham group and 2 patients from the intervention group were excluded from the study. The data of 62 elderly (in sham group 29 and in intervention group 33) according to Per-Protocol (PP) and data of all samples as Intention to Treat (ITT) were analyzed using covariance analysis and repeated measures ANOVA. Results: There was a statistically significant difference between the intervention and sham groups in terms of the duration of disease at baseline (P=0.012). The interaction effect of time and group on the sleep quality was significant (P<0.0001). Sleep quality in the intervention group was significantly better than in the sham group at the end of the intervention and also during the one-month follow-up period (P<0.0001). Within-group comparison results reported a significant difference in the sleep quality between three evaluation times in the intervention group (P<0.0001). Conclusion: Auriculotherapy can improve sleep quality in the elderly with chronic low back pain. It is recommended to use auriculotherapy as a complementary therapy for treating these elderly groups.
Effects of Three Types of Massage on Serum Levels of Malondialdehyde, Superoxide Dismutase and Glutathione Peroxidase After One Session of Exhaustive Exercise in Female Futsal Players
Authors:   Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran., Heydari Bahare , Ghofrani Mohsen ,   Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran., Bahram Mohammad Ebrahim ,   Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.
Published: May 2021

Objective: The production of reactive oxygen species in exercise causes oxidative stress which disturbs the balance of oxidants and antioxidants, causing destructive effects on cells. The present study aims to investigate the effect of three types of massage (Swedish, Russian, Thai) on serum levels of Malondialdehyde (MDA), Glutathione Peroxidase (GPX) and Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) following one session of exhaustive exercise. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted on 48 female futsal players aged 17-22 years in Zahedan, Iran who were selected using a purposive sampling method, and randomly divided into four groups of Swedish massage (Long strokes with pressing and tapping using hands), Russian massage (Medium to high pressure), Thai massage (Pressure to certain parts of the body) and Control. The exercise program was based on Bruce protocol. Serum levels of MDA, GPX and SOD were measured by before and immediately after exercise and after massage. Data analysis was performed using repeated measures ANOVA, considering a significance level of P≤0.05. Results: In all three types of massage, there was a significant decrease in serum level of MDA (0.22±0.08), and a significant increase in GPX (1.84±0.46) and SOD (10.02±2.86) levels after exhaustive (P=0.001). No significant difference was observed in the control group. Conclusion: It seems that Russian, Thai, and Swedish types of massage can affect the serum levels of the MDA (as an oxidative stress marker) and the antioxidant enzymes of GPX and SOD during the post-exercise recovery period.
Treatments for Parasitic Diseases Based on Rational Prescribing of Drugs according to Avicenna’s Approach
Authors:   Traditional and Complementary Medicine Research Center, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran., Latifi‌ Seyyed Amir Hosein , Niknafs Ali Reza ,   Traditional and Complementary Medicine Research Center, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.
Published: May 2021

Objective: Infections caused by parasitic worms are among the most common diseases in the world. Considering the parasitic infections resistant to treatment, drug side effects and the emergence of new immunological diseases, it seems more necessary to pay attention to the views and therapeutic experiences of physicians in Iranian Traditional Medicine (ITM). Methods: As A review study, data related to parasitic diseases and worms were first collected from Avicenna’s the Canon of Medicine book and other ITM books, and then underwent content analysis. Avicenna’s approach in the treatment of these diseases was studied based on the rational prescribing model. Results: Avicenna’s approach in the treatment of parasitic diseases is based on problem-solving model and according to the summary of patients’ conditions in terms of disease severity and prioritization of causes. It varies from person to person. Conclusion: Awareness of the causes of parasitic diseases, categorization of their clinical symptoms based on ITM, knowledge of natural and herbal medicine and various methods of prescribing them according to the health principals along with diagnostic and therapeutic methods of classic medicine can be helpful in control and prevention of parasitic diseases.
Effectiveness of Drama Therapy on Social Skills of Autistic Children
Authors:   Department of Human Sciences, Faculty of Psychology, Shahre Kord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran., Rahimi Pordanjani Saeed
Published: May 2021

Objective: Autism spectrum disorder severely damages children’s social skills, cognitive functions, and emotional self-regulation. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of drama therapy on the social skills of children with high-functioning autism. Methods: The research design was experimental with a pre-test, post-test and a control group. The statistical population included 120 children with high-functioning autism in special education centers in Isfahan City, Iran. For this purpose, 40 children with high-functioning autism disorder were randomly selected by purposive sampling method and using Morgan’s table. Then, they were assigned to the experimental and control groups. The experimental group received a drama therapy program, and the control group was placed on a waiting list. The children’s instructors completed the Matson social skills questionnaire at pre-test, post-test, and follow-up three months later. Results: Analysis of the results using repeated measures analysis of variance showed that the drama therapy was effective on the participants’ social skills in the experimental group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Drama therapy will improve their social skills and performance in this field. Therefore, this study’s findings might be helpful as practical strategies for practitioners in the field of autism.
The Role of Alexithymia and Sexual Self-esteem in the Prediction of Marital Stress and Adjustment in Infertile Women
Authors:   Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Educational Science & Psychology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran., Aghighi Arash , Foroughi Marziye ,   Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Literature & Humanistic Science, Bushehr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bushehr, Iran., Daneshmandi Saeede ,   Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Educational Science & Psychology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran., Abbasi Moslem ,   Department of Psychology, Faculty of Literature & Humanistic Science, Salman Farsi University of Kazerun, Kazerun, Iran.
Published: May 2021

Objective: Considering the negative impact of infertility on the level of adjustment and stress in women, the present study aimed to examine the role of sexual self-esteem and alexithymia in predicting marital stress and adjustment of infertile women. Methods: This research was a cross-sectional study. The study population consisted of all infertile women in Shiraz City, Iran (N=70000). A total of 400 women were selected through a non-random and purposeful sampling method, but the final sample consisted of 380 subjects. The study tools were a short form of sexual self-esteem scale for women, Locke-Wallace marital adjustment questionnaire, Stockholm-Tehran marital stress scale, and Toronto alexithymia scale. The obtained data were analyzed by the Pearson correlation and multivariate regression in the SPSS V. 26. Results: The results showed a significant negative relationship between sexual self-esteem and marital stress as well as alexithymia and marital adjustment (P<0.01). Besides, the positive relationships between sexual self-esteem and marital adjustment and alexithymia and marital stress were significant (P<0.01). The results of multiple regression analysis demonstrated that alexithymia and sexual self-esteem could significantly predict marital stress and marital adjustment with the standard coefficient of 0.44 and 0.22, respectively. Conclusion: Alexithymia and sexual self-esteem play essential roles in predicting adjustment and stress levels of infertile women, respectively. Accordingly, difficulty in emotional awareness at first, and then the low level of self-esteem in sexual function can decrease adjustment and increase stress in marital relationships.
Predicting Cognitive Emotion Regulation and Academic Achievement Based on Symptoms of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Authors:   Department of Psychology, Faculty of Human Sciences, University of Bojnord, Bojnord, Iran., Asadi Gandoman Roghayeh
Published: May 2021

Objective: This study aimed to predict cognitive emotion regulation and academic achievement based on symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Methods: The present study has a correlational design. The study population consisted of students at the University of Bojnord, Bojnord City, Iran, in the academic year 2017-18. Of these students, 190 were selected by a convenience sampling method. Adult self-report short-form Conners’ scale and cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire were used for data collection. Academic performance was determined by the grade point average. Multivariate regression analysis was used for analysis. Results: The results showed that hyperactivity and physical problems could predict self-blame, and hyperactivity can predict other blame and rumination. The variables of hyperactivity, impulsivity, and physical problems were also able to predict the catastrophizing strategy. Among the variables studied, only inattention predicted grade point average change. Conclusion: Thus, the findings of the study suggest that some components of cognitive emotion regulation and academic performance can be predicted based on symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
Distress Tolerance, Impulsivity and Aggression: The Role of Emotional Dysregulation and Reward Sensitivity in Individuals With Borderline Personality Disorder Features
Authors:   Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Educational Science and Psychology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran., Shadara Zahra , Dehghani Mohsen ,   Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Educational Science and Psychology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran., Heidari Mahmoud ,   Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Educational Science and Psychology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran., Mahmoud Aliloo Majid ,   Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Educational Science and Psychology, Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran.
Published: May 2021

Objective: Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is one of the most severe psychiatric disorders. This study aimed to predict distress tolerance, impulsivity, and aggression based on emotional dysregulation and reward sensitivity among individuals with BPD features. Methods: The study population was undergraduate students of Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran City, Iran, in the academic year 2017-18. A total of 1005 male and female students were chosen based on the available sampling method and were screened according to the personality assessment inventory-borderline scale. Finally, 146 subjects (50 males and 96 females) could reach the second phase of the research, and all of them completed the difficulties in emotion regulation scale, distress tolerance scale, Balloon analog risk task as well as aggression questionnaire. To analyze the data, we used multivariate regression analysis. Results: Results of the current research showed that emotional dysregulation and its components had a predictive role in distress tolerance and aggression. On the other hand, only reward sensitivity could have an essential role in predicting impulsivity in individuals with BPD features. Conclusion: This study reflects the remarkable role of emotional regulation mechanisms in distress tolerance and aggression, and in contrast, the role of biological mechanisms such as sensitivity to reward in impulsivity among individuals with BPD features. Furthermore, the present research results can have clinical implications considering both etiology and treatment of BPD patients.
An Analysis of Meaningless and Absurd Experiences in Unsuccessful Suicide Attempts in Iran
Authors:   Department of Psychology and Educational Science, Faculty of Humanities, Khatam University, Tehran, Iran., Khatami Mahdi , Khodabakhshi-Koolaee Anahita ,   Department of Psychology and Educational Science, Faculty of Humanities, Khatam University, Tehran, Iran.
Published: May 2021

Objective: Suicide is a multidimensional phenomenon, and examining each of its dimensions can help control this destructive social phenomenon. This study aimed to investigate meaningless and absurd experiences in people who attempted suicide in Iran. Methods: The present study was conducted using a qualitative-descriptive phenomenology. The participants were selected using the purposive sampling method from persons who attempted suicide and were admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of Loghman-e Hakim Hospital in Tehran City, Iran, in 2020. The study data were collected via semi-structured interviews. The collected data were theoretically saturated after interviewing 15 participants. All data were also recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using Colaizzi’s seven-step method. Results: The initial codes identified in this study were categorized into 4 main themes and 22 sub-themes. The main themes were “underlying and revealing causes of suicide”, “outburst of feelings and thoughts before suicide”, “reaction of those around to suicide”, and “the overall meaning of life and a looking at life after suicide”. Conclusion: This study showed that those who attempted suicide for at least one of the reasons of poverty, lack of financial independence, love failure, and not being understood by parents or the spouse experienced a sense of meaninglessness and absurdity. An awareness of the experiences of people who attempted suicide can help mental health professionals understand its underlying causes and make subsequent clinical and treatment decisions.
The Effectiveness of a Unified Protocol for the Family Therapy on Emotional Divorce and Marital Boredom in Women with Marital Conflict
Authors:   Department of Counseling and Psychology, Faculty of Human Science, Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran., Poorhejazi Mandana , Khalatbari Javad ,   Department of Psychology, Faculty of Human Science, Tonekabon Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon, Iran., Ghorban Shiroudi Shohreh ,   Department of Psychology, Faculty of Human Science, Tonekabon Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon, Iran., Khodabakhshi-Koolaee Anahita ,   epartment of Psychology and Education Science, Faculty of Humanities, Khatam University, Tehran, Iran.
Published: May 2021

Objective: Marital conflicts are normal in a couple’s life, and the important thing is how they resolve such conflicts. This integrated therapy plan has been created by considering several theories to reduce couples’ marital conflicts. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a unified protocol based on the McMaster model of the family, compassion-focused therapy, and mindfulness-based therapy on emotional divorce and marital boredom of women with marital conflict. Methods: The present study used a quasi-experimental method with a pre-test, post-test design and a control group. The research population included all women with marital conflicts referred to four selected counseling centers in District 2 of Tehran Municipality, Iran, in 2019. A total of 100 women were selected by a convenient sampling method. Then, they filled out the emotional divorce scale and the marital disaffection scale. They were then randomly assigned to the intervention and control groups (each group with 15 participants). The participants in the intervention group underwent the intervention within a 12-session training package. After the 3 months, the follow-up test was taken. Upon the completion of the intervention, the participants in both groups completed the questionnaires. The collected data were analyzed using multivariate Analysis of Covariance (MANCOVA) by SPSS V. 24 software. Results: The results indicated a significant difference between the intervention and control groups in terms of emotional divorce (P=0.001, F=57.67) and marital boredom (P=0.001, F=26.80) in the post-test phase. Besides, after 3 months, using Bonferroni post hoc test, it was found that the difference in scores in both post-test and follow-up stages was significant (P=0.005) Conclusion: The transdiagnostic treatment can decrease emotional divorce and marital boredom of women with marital conflict. This unified model can be applied by family and marriage counselors and other mental health professionals to resolve conflicts between couples.
PENENTUAN KADAR FENOLAT TOTAL DAN AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN DARI EKSTRAK DAUN DADAP MERAH (Erythrina fusca Lour) SECARA SPEKTROFOTOMETRI UV-Vis
Authors: Wardi Epi Supri , Zulkarni R Zulkarni R , Nurdianti Desy
Published: May 2021

Determination of total phenolate and antioxidant activity of red leaf extract (Erythrina fusca Lour) was done by UV-Vis spectrophotometry. This study aims to determine the total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of hexane, ethyl acetate and ethanol extract. The extracts were prepared using a non-polar-maseration method with hexane, ethyl acetate and ethanol solvents. The results showed total phenolic concentration using the Folin-Ciocalteu method were 0.412 g/100 g in the hexane extract, 1.782 g/100 g in the ethyl acetate extract and 5.455 g/100 g in the ethanol extract. Antioxidant activity conducted by using FRAP method (Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power) were obtained 0,682 mmol Fe (II)/100 g at hexane extract, 5,186 mmol Fe (II)/100 g at ethyl acetate extract and 10,591 mmol Fe (II)/100 g on the ethanol extract. The antioxidant activity of gallic acid as standard was 44.356 g mmol Fe (II)/100g.
FORMULASI DAN EVALUASI SALEP EKSTRAK DAUN GULMA SIAM (Chromolaena odorata L.) DENGAN VARIASI BASIS SALEP
Authors: Hasrawati A. , Famir Yasir , Aztriana Aztriana , Mursyid A. Mumtihanah
Published: May 2021

Siam weed leaves are one of the plants that function as wound medicine. This study aims to produce a stable ointment dosage form. Siamese weed leaf extract is formulated in the form of ointment with a variety of bases consisting of a hydrocarbon base, absorption, water soluble and emulsion. Evaluation of physical stability includes organoleptic testing, homogeneity, pH, dispersion, viscosity and flow properties carried out before and after forced conditions. Forced conditions were carried out with stock storage for 10 cycles at 50 and 350. The results of the analysis showed that the viscosity of the preparations in all formulas changed after storage at 50 and 350 for 5 days. However, the statistical results show that all formulas did not experience significant changes between before and after the stress condition treatment.
Legal and Problematic Protection of Social Movements to The Tau Taa Wana Indigenous People
Authors: Tampubolon Muhammad Hatta Roma
Published: May 2021

Social movements of the legal community of Tau Taa Wana Custom is a struggle to release threats and structural shackles and want recognition of customary (communal) rights that they deserve. This study aims to analyze and explain the factors that led to the birth of the Tau Taa Wana indigenous peoples' social movements. The research design is descriptive qualitative with a case study approach. Research informants as many as 5 people selected purposively. Data collected through observation, in-depth interviews and literature study. the results showed that the social movement of the Tau Taa Wana indigenous people was driven by three determinants namely, the threat of capitalist expansion through an expansion of oil palm plantations, the threat of loss of communal natural resources due to oil palm expansion, the creation of solidarity in maintaining customary rights and local wisdom. It was concluded that Tau Taa Wana customary law community social movements are caused by policy imbalances, weak state protection functions and the lack of state recognition of the existence of Tau Taa Wana indigenous peoples