bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multiscale Cloud-Based Pipeline for Neuronal Electrophysiology Analysis and Visualization
Authors: Geng Jinghui , Voitiuk Kateryna , Parks David F. , Robbins Ash , Spaeth Alex , Sevetson Jessica L. , Hernandez Sebastian , Schweiger Hunter E. , Andrews John P. , Seiler Spencer T. , Elliott Matthew A.T. , Chang Edward F. , Nowakowski Tomasz J. , Currie Rob , Mostajo-Radji Mohammed A. , Haussler David , Sharf Tal , Salama Sofie R. , Teodorescu Mircea
Published: November 2024

Electrophysiology offers a high-resolution method for real-time measurement of neural activity. Longitudinal recordings from high-density microelectrode arrays (HD-MEAs) can be of considerable size for local storage and of substantial complexity for extracting neural features and network dynamics. Analysis is often demanding due to the need for multiple software tools with different runtime dependencies. To address these challenges, we developed an open-source cloud-based pipeline to store, analyze, and visualize neuronal electrophysiology recordings from HD-MEAs. This pipeline is dependency agnostic by utilizing cloud storage, cloud computing resources, and an Internet of Things messaging protocol. We containerized the services and algorithms to serve as scalable and flexible building blocks within the pipeline. In this paper, we applied this pipeline on two types of cultures, cortical organoids andex vivobrain slice recordings to show that this pipeline simplifies the data analysis process and facilitates understanding neuronal activity.
A vector calculus for neural computation in the cerebellum
Authors: Fakharian Mohammad Amin , Shoup Alden M. , Hage Paul , Elseweifi Hisham Y. , Shadmehr Reza
Published: November 2024

Null space theory predicts that a neuron will often generate spikes not to produce behavior, but to prevent another neuron’s impact on behavior. Here, we present a direct test of this theory in the brain. In the marmoset cerebellum, spike-triggered averaging identified a vector for each Purkinje cell (P-cell) along which its spikes displaced the eyes. Two spikes in two different P-cells produced superposition of their vectors. In the resulting population activity, the spikes were canceled if their contributions were perpendicular to the intended movement. Mossy fibers provided a copy of the motor commands and the sensory goal of the movement. Molecular layer interneurons transformed these inputs so that the P-cell population predicted when the movement had reached the goal and should be stopped.
Impaired online and enhanced offline motor sequence learning in individuals with Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Van Roy Anke , Dan Emily , Micca Letizia , Gilat Moran , Chan Piu , Doyon Julien , Albouy Genevieve , King Bradley R.
Published: November 2024

Whereas memory consolidation research has traditionally focused on longer temporal windows (i.e., hours to days) following an initial learning episode, recent research has also examined the functional significance of the shorter rest epochs commonly interspersed with blocks of task practice (i.e., “micro-offline” intervals on the timescale of seconds to minutes). In the motor sequence learning domain, evidence from young, healthy individuals suggests that micro-offline epochs afford a rapid consolidation process that is supported by the hippocampus. Consistent with these findings, amnesic patients with hippocampal damage were recently found to exhibit degraded micro-offline performance improvements. Interestingly, these offline losses were compensated for by larger performance gains during online practice. Given the known role of the striatum in online motor sequence learning, we hypothesized that individuals with dysfunction of the striatal system would exhibit impaired online, yet enhanced micro-offline, learning (i.e., a pattern of results opposite to those observed in patients with hippocampal lesions). We tested this hypothesis using Parkinson’s disease (PD) as a model of striatal dysfunction. Forty-twode novo, drug-naïve individuals (men and women) with a clinical diagnosis of unilateral PD and 29 healthy control subjects completed a motor sequence learning paradigm. Individuals with PD exhibited deficits during online task practice that were paralleled by greater improvements over micro-offline intervals. This pattern of results could not be explained by disease-related deficits in movement execution. These data suggest that striatal dysfunction disrupts online learning, yet total learning remains unchanged because of greater micro-offline performance improvements that potentially reflect hippocampal-mediated compensatory processes.

Significance Statement

The short rest intervals commonly interspersed between periods of active task engagement have traditionally been employed to minimize the build-up of fatigue. There is recent evidence, however, suggesting that these rest epochs may play an active role in motor learning and memory processes and the hippocampus appears to be a critical brain region supporting this rapid “offline” learning. Here, we show that individuals with Parkinson’s disease, a movement disorder characterized by dysfunction in the basal ganglia including the striatum, exhibit deficits during active task practice but greater learning over the interspersed offline intervals. Results potentially suggest that the relatively intact hippocampus may help compensate for motor sequence learning deficits linked to a disrupted striatal system in Parkinson’s disease.
Efficient globin production during terminal erythropoiesis depends on the synergistic action of TENT5C poly(A) polymerase and LARP4/5
Authors: Mazur Michał , Gumińska Natalia , Brouze Aleksandra , Cysewski Dominik , Mleczko-Sanecka Katarzyna , Niklewicz Marta , Kusio-Kobiałka Monika , Dziembowski Andrzej
Published: November 2024

Red blood cell development is a unique process where reduced transcriptome and proteome complexity facilitates vast hemoglobin production. Here, we describe the cooperative role of cytoplasmic poly(A) polymerase TENT5C and the poly(A) tail-protecting LARP4/5 RNA-binding proteins in ensuring proper hemoglobin production. TENT5C catalytic mutant knock-in mice display microcytic hypochromic anemia resembling constitutive knockout. TENT5C counteracts gradual globin mRNA deadenylation during erythropoiesis. In the late stages, TENT5C dysfunction leads to globin poly(A) tail shortening and a drastic reduction of mRNA levels in reticulocytes. Proteomic experiments revealed transient but specific association of TENT5C with LARP4/5. Indeed, LARP4/5 depletion leads to downregulation and poly(A) tail shortening of globin mRNAs. Furthermore, lack of TENT5C catalytic activity is accompanied by compensatory upregulation of LARP4/5. Finally, the importance of precise regulation of globin poly(A) tails by deadenylation and re-adenylation is highlighted by the destabilization of TENT5C by CCR4-NOT deadenylase complex-associated E3 ubiquitin ligase CNOT4.
Variable patterns of phenotypic evolution among canonical ‘living fossil’ lineages
Authors: Rivero-Vega Rafael A. , Berv Jacob S. , Clarke John T. , Friedman Matt
Published: November 2024

Coelacanths, lungfishes, and holosteans represent three emblematic living fossil lineages, thought to be united by similar patterns of phenotypic change through time. While past studies suggest that diverse evolutionary patterns occur within these groups, it is unclear whether these reflect biological differences or arise from contrasting analytical approaches. Here, we examine these lineages under a common framework to assess variation in the evolution of discrete characters, and morphometric shape data, to test whether living fossils show comparable patterns of phenotypic evolution. Our results suggest different evolutionary modes occur, both among and within lineages, as a function of data type. For lungfishes, rates in discrete characters are highest in the Devonian and monotonically decline over time. Coelacanth rates show multiple early peaks followed by a decline toward the recent. Holostean rates show modest peaks but are broadly comparable over time. Patterns of body shape evolution also differ among clades, with strong support for declining rates over time for coelacanths but mixed evidence for similar dynamics in the other groups. Our results imply idiosyncratic processes of evolutionary change among traditional examples of living fossils and indicate a need to explicitly quantify patterns of change rather than apply informal, often qualitative, macroevolutionary classifications.
AI-assisted imaging screening reveals mechano-molecular tissue organizers and network of signaling hubs
Authors: Bertocchi Cristina , Alegría Juan José , Vásquez-Sepúlveda Sebastián , Ibanez-Prat Rosario , Srinivasan Aishwarya , Arrano-Valenzuela Ignacio , Castro-Pereira Barbara , Soto-Montandon Catalina , Trujillo-Espergel Alejandra , Owen Gareth I. , Kanchanawong Pakorn , Cerda Mauricio , Motta Giovanni , Zaidel-Bar Ronen , Ravasio Andrea
Published: November 2024

Cadherin-mediated adhesions are crucial mechanical and signaling hubs that connect cells within a tissue and probe the mechanics of the surrounding environment. They constitute a physical link between the actin cytoskeleton of neighboring cells, providing the mechanical coordination needed for morphogenetic processes, tissue homeostasis, collective migration, and regeneration. Disruptions in adhesion mechanisms are closely linked to the breakdown of epithelial structure and the emergence of disease-related traits characteristic of cancer progression. The cadhesome network comprises over 170 structural and regulatory proteins involved in cadherin-mediated adhesion. While this network is essential for coordinating tissue responses to mechanical stress, its complexity has historically limited our understanding of how individual components contribute to force transmission and tissue homeostasis. Recent technological advances offer tools to investigate large molecular networks in cellular function and pathology (functional omics). Leveraging these advances, we developed an experimental and analytical platform combining high-throughput gene silencing, imaging, and artificial intelligence (AI) to systematically profile each role of each protein in tissue formation, mechanical stability, and response to induced tension. Using EpH4 cells as an epithelial tissue model, we performed systematic silencing in triplicate, capturing a range of tissue phenotypes under baseline and tension-inducing conditions. Machine learning methods were used to analyze complex imaging data, quantify tissue ruptures, characterize junctional organization, and measure tension states of the tissue. By incorporating machine learning algorithms, we automated image feature extraction, clustering, and classification, enabling an unprecedented quantitative evaluation of tissue mechanics at scale. Our machine learning models allowed us to identify significant patterns, including protein-specific responses to tension and their roles in tissue-level mechanical integrity. Finally, we constructed a protein interaction network detailing the roles of each protein, their physical interactions, and known links to cancer. The network analysis revealed three prominent mechanotransductive and signaling subnetworks centered around E-cadherin, EGFR, and RAC1. Our study provides a foundational framework for investigating mechanosensing proteins and it offers a scalable blueprint for discovering potential therapeutic targets in diseases like cancer, where tissue mechanics play a crucial role.

Teaser

AI-aided screening identifies key regulators of epithelial tissue mechanics, uncovering potential therapeutic targets in cancer.
Loss ofCochlindrives impairments in tendon structure and function
Authors: Adjei-Sowah Emmanuela , Lecaj Elsa , Adhikari Neeta , Sensini Clara , Nichols Anne E.C. , Buckley Mark R. , Loiselle Alayna E.
Published: November 2024

Aging tendons undergo disruptions in homeostasis, increased susceptibility to injury, and reduced capacity for healing. Exploring the mechanisms behind this disruption in homeostasis is essential for developing therapeutics aimed at maintaining tendon health through the lifespan. We have previously identified that the extracellular matrix protein,Cochlin, which is highly expressed in healthy flexor tendon, is consistently lost during both natural aging and upon depletion of Scleraxis-lineage cells in young animals, which recapitulates many aging-associated homeostatic disruptions. Therefore, we hypothesized that loss of Cochlin would disrupt tendon homeostasis, including alterations in collagen fibril organization, and impaired tendon mechanics. By 3-months of age,Cochlin-/-flexor tendons exhibited altered collagen structure, with these changes persisting through at least 9-months. In addition, Cochlin-/-tendons demonstrated significant declines in structural and material properties at 6-months, and structural properties at 9-months. WhileCochlin-/-did not drastically change the overall tendon proteome, consistent decreases in proteins associated with RNA metabolism, extracellular matrix production and the cytoskeleton were observed inCochlin-/-. Interestingly, homeostatic disruption viaCochlin-/-did not impair the tendon healing process. Taken together, these data define a critical role forCochlinin maintaining tendon homeostasis and suggest retention or restoration ofCochlinas a potential therapeutic approach to retain tendon structure and function through the lifespan.
A homozygous humanWNT11loss-of-function variant associated with laterality, heart and renal defects
Authors: Berns Henrike , Haas Maximilian , Bakey Zeineb , Brislinger-Engelhardt Magdalena Maria , Schmidts Miriam , Walentek Peter
Published: November 2024

Wnt signaling plays important roles during vertebrate development, including left-right axis specification as well as heart and kidney organogenesis. We identified a homozygous humanWNT11variant in an infant withSitus inversus totalis, complex heart defects and renal hypodysplasia, and we usedXenopusembryos to functionally characterize this variant.WNT11c.814delGencodes a loss-of-function protein with reduced stability that lost signaling activityin vivo. This is remarkable, because the variant encodes a truncated ligand with nearly identical length and predicted structure to dominant-negative Wnts. Furthermore, we demonstrate that alteration of the truncated C-terminal end can restore stability and dominant-negative signaling activity. Our study also suggests similar functions for WNT11 in human development as described in model organisms. Therefore, biallelic WNT11 dysfunction should be considered as novel genetic cause in syndromal human phenotypes presenting with congenital heart defects and renal hypoplasia, with or without laterality defects. The work presented here enhances our understanding of human development and structure-function relationships in Wnt ligands.
On Levodopa interactions with brain disease proteins at the nanoscale
Authors: Bergaglio Talia , Kummer Nico , Bhattacharya Shayon , Thompson Damien , Campioni Silvia , Nirmalraj Peter Niraj
Published: November 2024

The cerebral accumulation of α-Synuclein (α-Syn) and amyloid β-1-42 (Aβ-42) proteins are known to play a crucial role in the pathology of neurocognitive disorders such as Parkinson’s disease (PD). Currently, Levodopa (L-dopa) is the dopamine replacement therapy for treating bradykinetic symptoms visible in PD patients. Here, we use atomic force microscopy to evidence at nanometer length scales the effects of L-dopa on the morphology of α-Syn and Aβ-42 protein fibrils. L-dopa treatment reduces the length and diameter of both types of protein fibrils, with a stark reduction observed for Aβ-42 both in physiological buffer and human spinal fluid. The insights gained on Aβ-42 fibril disassembly from the nanoscale imaging experiments are substantiated using atomic-scale molecular dynamics simulations. Our results reveal the mechanism governing L-dopa-driven reversal of protein aggregation, which may be useful in drug design of small molecule drugs for potentially treating neurocognitive disorders and provide leads for designing chemical effector-mediated disassembly of protein architectures.
Putative Role of Norrin in Neuroretinal Differentiation Revealed by bulk and scRNA Sequencing of Human Retinal Organoids
Authors: Maggi Kevin , Atac David , Maggi Jordi , Feil Silke , Koller Samuel , Berger Wolfgang
Published: November 2024

Pathogenic variants in the X-linked geneNDP(Norrie disease protein) have been associated with a variety of non-syndromic and syndromic human retinal diseases, including Norrie disease and familial exudative vitroretinopathy. The gene codes for Norrin, a secreted angiogenic molecule which binds to FZD4 and its co-receptors LRP5/6 and TSPAN12 and activates Wnt-signaling. Additionally, it also potentiates Wnt-signaling by binding to the LGR4 receptor. Norrin was also found to exert a neuroprotective function in the retina, specifically for retinal ganglion cells. Furthermore, it was suggested to be involved in neurodevelopmental processes such as early neuro-ectodermal specification and differentiation, as well as maintenance of cochlear hair cells. To better understand the putative role of Norrin in neuronal cells of the retina we generatedNDPmutant and eGFP-expressingNDPreporter human induced pluripotent stem cells, which were differentiated to retinal organoids. Bulk RNA sequencing and fixed single-cell RNA sequencing revealed alterations in gene expression as well as cellular composition, with increased proportions of retinal progenitors as well as Müller glia cells inNDPKOretinal organoids. Differential expression of genes related to glutamate signaling, Wnt and MAPK signaling, as well as neurogenesis was detected. Furthermore, genes associated with functions in the extracellular matrix were also differentially expressed. The considerable decrease in retinal neurons found in ourNDPKOorganoids suggest that Norrin is also important for retinal neurogenesis, which may precede the vascular manifestations inNDP-associated diseases.
Effects of magnetic field on the anodic dissolution of alloy 690 in NaCl + Na2S2O3 solution
Authors: Wu Jianan , Su Mingyue , Xu Dongling , Li Liang , Yuan Boyu
Published: November 2024

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to study the anodic dissolution processes of alloy 690 in NaCl + Na2S2O3 solutions by using digital holography.

Design/methodology/approach

The digital holography technique was used to in situ observe the dynamic processes occurring at the electrode|electrolyte interface during the anodic dissolution of alloy 690 in NaCl + Na2S2O3 solutions, both in the presence and absence of a magnetic field (MF).

Findings

In 3.5% NaCl + 0.01 M Na2S2O3 solutions, MF inhibited intergranular corrosion (IGC) because it increased the defects in the oxide film and facilitated the uniform adsorption of low concentration of S on these defects due to its stirring effects, which resulted in a weakened adsorption of S at the grain boundaries. Conversely, in 3.5% NaCl + 0.1 M Na2S2O3 solutions, MF promoted IGC by increasing the number of defects in the oxide film, with lots of S species preferentially adsorbing at the grain boundaries. The resultant salt films formed more readily, inhibiting the formation of the oxide film at the grain boundaries.

Originality/value

Through the use of digital holography, it was possible to in situ observe the initiation of IGC at a single grain boundary and its progression to adjacent grain boundaries, regardless of the presence or absence of MF.
The nexus between corporate governance, political environments, and firm performance: a comparative study of Ghana and Kenya
Authors: Atugeba Isaac Luke Agonbire , Acquah-Sam Emmanuel
Published: November 2024

Purpose

This study aims to examine the effect of political conditions on the relationship between corporate governance and firm performance in two sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries, Ghana and Kenya.

Design/methodology/approach

This study used a panel data methodology, examining data from a sample of 72 companies (Ghana: 25 and Kenya: 47) from 2018 to 2022. This study used panel quantile regression and the Huber M-estimation robust least squares regression methods.

Findings

The research reported that larger boards, diversity and ownership concentration do not affect business performance while board independence improves corporate success in both countries. The findings about chief executive officer (CEO) duality were mixed. In Ghana, CEO duality has a positive effect on firm performance, but in Kenya, the study finds that CEO duality hurts firms’ performance. The results found that higher levels of institutional ownership decreased firm performance in both countries. The research found that Ghana’s political environment had a greater impact on corporate governance and business performance nexus than Kenya’s.

Research limitations/implications

The research is limited to Ghana and Kenya. This study emphasises the necessity for governments in both countries to maintain a stable political environment, implement policies that encourage economic and policy continuity and reduce political uncertainty to improve business conditions.

Practical implications

This study emphasises the necessity for governments in both countries to maintain a stable political environment, implement policies that encourage economic and policy continuity, and reduce political uncertainty to improve business conditions.

Originality/value

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is unique because it is the first in SSA to address a research gap by investigating a comparative analysis of the relationship between corporate governance, political environments and firm performance in two distinct countries with different political situations.
Unpacking curvilinear relationship of COVID-19 fear on job satisfaction and mental well-being: moderation of on-the-job embeddedness
Authors: R.M. Harindranath , Alex Johan George , Chavali Kavita
Published: November 2024

Purpose

Our study aims to investigate how the fear of COVID-19 affects job satisfaction and mental well-being. Additionally, we will explore the moderating role of on-the-job embeddedness in these relationships.

Design/methodology/approach

The study surveyed 358 Indian-origin IT professionals through Amazon Mechanical Turk. It used confirmatory factor analysis to analyze the measurement model and hierarchical linear regression in SPSS 21 software to examine the structural relationships between variables. A robustness check was conducted using the MODLR macro in SPSS to identify any spurious moderation.

Findings

The results reveal a curvilinear (or U-shaped) relationship between COVID-19 fear, job satisfaction and mental well-being. Further, on-the-job embeddedness linearly moderates the relationship between COVID-19 fear and job satisfaction and COVID-19 fear and mental well-being.

Research limitations/implications

The research design is cross-sectional, so results reported about causal relationships are considered cautiously. The relationships involving the variables and their direction are because of the theory’s assumptions rather than the test of causal relationships between variables.

Originality/value

This is the first study to show that the relationship between COVID-19 fear and job satisfaction and COVID-19 fear and mental well-being is curvilinear (or U-shaped). Further, we are again the first to show that on-the-job embeddedness positively moderates the two relationships: COVID-19 fear – job satisfaction and COVID-19 fear – mental well-being. This is one of the few studies that employed MODLR macro to check for spurious moderation.
Exploring young customers’ purchasing intention for solar appliances in an emerging market: evidence from structural equation modeling approach
Authors: Vu Tuan Duong , Nguyen Thi My Nguyet , Vu Phuong Thao
Published: November 2024

Purpose

This study aims to investigate the impact of several constructs on young customers’ consumption of solar energy appliances in an emerging market by extending the theory of planned behavior (TPB).

Design/methodology/approach

This study collected primary data from 885 young customers in an emerging market, that is, Vietnam. Subsequently, this study used partial least squares structural equation modeling to investigate the relationships between examined variables.

Findings

The results indicated that personal innovativeness, environmental knowledge and renewable energy knowledge significantly improved attitudes toward solar energy appliances. In addition, purchasing intention is promoted by subjective norms and perceived behavioral control. Contradictorily, the perceived functional risk is a significant barrier to purchasing intention. It also negatively moderates two associations: attitude and purchasing intention, attitude and positive word-of-mouth. Despite being proven to influence word-of-mouth positively, attitude has no significant impact on purchasing intention.

Originality/value

These findings suggested several implications for enterprises, technology providers and policymakers to develop renewable energy appliance consumption.
LB-LIOSAM: an improved mapping and localization method with loop detection
Authors: Li Bowen , Huang Xiaoci , Cai Jiaming , Ma Fang
Published: November 2024

Purpose

In large-scale environments, LIO-SAM (Tightly-coupled Lidar Inertial Odometry via Smoothing and Mapping) exhibits poor robustness due to the accumulation of errors caused by factors such as the prevalence of similar surroundings and the lack of features in certain open areas. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to optimize the loop detection module of LIO-SAM to reduce error accumulation and enhance mapping and localization performance.

Design/methodology/approach

Based on the LIO-SAM framework, the LinK3D (Linear Keypoints Representation for 3D LiDAR Point Cloud) feature extraction algorithm is integrated in the front end, while the BoW3D (Bag of Words for Real-Time Loop Closing in 3D LiDAR SLAM) loop detection algorithm is integrated in the back end. The features extracted by LinK3D serve as the range factors for the LiDAR, the BoW3D generates loop closure factors and these, along with inertial measurement unit (IMU) preintegration factors and global positioning system (GPS) factors, are added to the factor graph of LIO-SAM. This addition of constraints enhances the mapping and localization effects, optimizing the overall mapping and localization performance.

Findings

Based on the electrically controlled car, experiments were conducted in the experimental scenario proposed in this paper. Compared to LIO-SAM, the method presented in this paper significantly reduces cumulative errors. While ensuring real-time performance, it demonstrates superior mapping and localization effects.

Originality/value

This paper proposes and validates a method that integrates LinK3D, BoW3D and LIO-SAM, named LB-LIOSAM, which enhances the accuracy of feature extraction, optimizes the loop detection module of LIO-SAM and improves its mapping and localization performance in specific environmental scenarios.
Market orientation and change capability on an Indonesian sharia banking performance: the moderating effect of leadership religiosity
Authors: Rosyidi Luthfi Nur , Sukoco Badri Munir , Mawardi Imron , Aslan Hakan
Published: November 2024

Purpose

Changes are required to improve the performance of Sharia banking in Indonesia. Using dynamic capability theory, this study aims to analyze organizational learning, change process and change context (OCC) in Bank Syariah Indonesia as influenced by market orientation (competitor and customer orientation) and moderated by religiosity and its impact on organizational performance (Maqashid Sharia) using a multilevel perspective.

Design/methodology/approach

To test the hypothesis, this research surveyed by distributing online questionnaires to managers and employees at 62 branch offices of Bank Syariah, the largest Sharia bank in Indonesia. Data processing involved multilevel structural equational modeling with Mplus analysis software.

Findings

Market orientation determines an organization’s ability to change significantly, which leads to organizational performance being significantly moderated by religiosity. In OCC, organizational learning influences change context through change processes, ultimately influencing organizational performance (Maqashid Sharia).

Originality/value

This research used a multilevel perspective by combining market orientation and OCC variables moderated by religiosity and its impact on Maqashid Sharia. This study was conducted at the largest Sharia bank in Indonesia, Bank Syariah Indonesia.
Boosting the efficacy of green accounting for better firm performance: artificial intelligence and accounting quality as moderators
Authors: Khan Shaizy , Gupta Seema
Published: November 2024

Purpose

This study aims to deepen our understanding of how conventional technologies and robust accounting education standards can impact the effectiveness of green accounting practices in enhancing firm performance. To achieve this, the paper explores the moderating effects of artificial intelligence (AI) and accounting education quality on the relationship between green accounting and firm performance.

Design/methodology/approach

Using generalized method of moments estimation, this research uses a comprehensive dataset comprising 32,680 firm-year observations of listed companies from ten prominent countries – Canada, the UK, the USA, China, France, Germany, India, Japan, South Korea and Italy – over the period from 2012 to 2022. These countries, selected based on their high gross domestic product rankings as reported by the International Monetary Fund, ensure a diverse representation of economic strengths and capture a wide range of green accounting practices.

Findings

The study shows that green accounting practices positively impact current firm performance. Country-level AI positively moderates this relationship, suggesting that advanced AI infrastructure enhances the benefits of green accounting through improved data accuracy and decision-making. However, country-level accountancy education quality negatively moderates the relationship, indicating that stringent implementation of green accounting standards in these regions may introduce complexities and costs that reduce firm performance.

Practical implications

Integrating AI enhances data processing, predictive analytics and decision-making, improving green accounting effectiveness. High-quality accounting education ensures accurate reporting and greater transparency. These insights, when applied, can empower businesses to optimize sustainability strategies, assist policymakers in developing targeted regulations and guide educators in preparing accountants for the evolving demands of green accounting.

Originality/value

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first to explore the combined moderating effects of AI and accounting education quality on the relationship between green accounting and firm performance. By highlighting the synergistic role of digital innovation and robust educational standards, this research offers novel insights into how these factors can enhance the effectiveness of green accounting practices and improve financial outcomes.
New eco-friendly succinimide linseed oil resin: synthesis, characterization, DFT and docking studies for surface coating
Authors: Ali Ola A. Abu , Elsawy M.M. , El-Henawy Ahmed A.
Published: November 2024

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to develop a new protective coating formulation for industrial use, using new eco-friendly succinimide linseed oil resin.

Design/methodology/approach

Epoxidized linseed oil and N-(4-hydroxy phenyl) succinimide are reacted to create succinimide-modified epoxy (SIE) compounds. The synthesized compound was confirmed by different analyses, gas chromatography, Fourier transform infrared, proton nuclear magnetic resonance and scanning electron microscopy. The prepared compound has been blended with a primer paint formulation, then their physical and mechanical properties have been studied. Density function theory is used to calculate Frontier molecular orbital including highest occupied molecular orbital and least unoccupied molecular orbital to indicate the charge transfer from molecule to biological media and molecular electrostatic potential map was used to indicate the chemically reactive zone suitable for drug action.

Findings

The results of the paint formulation confirmed their best performance and provided good mechanical properties and high chemical and corrosion resistance.

Research limitations/implications

Resin compounds are the most used antimicrobial additives. Other functionalities of these compounds, such as corrosion inhibitors, might be studied to see if they are suited for these applications.

Practical implications

Because of the efficiency of the SIE when incorporated with primer, paint against microbial has also been examined in silico using the docking study which contributed to the analysis of their protein binding. This type of epoxy compound is environmentally friendly and can be used as a biocide with different paint formulations. As a result, paint compositions including this compound as additives can be used as dual-purpose paint and for a variety of industrial applications.

Originality/value

This research demonstrates how a low-cost paint composition based on synthesized SIE compounds may be used as a dual-function paint for industrial use.
Does tour guides’ ethical behavior matter for tourists’ revisit and recommendation intentions? Examining with a gender perspective
Authors: Eren Aslı Sultan , Dedeoğlu Bekir Bora , Okumus Fevzi
Published: November 2024

Purpose

This study aims to investigate the impact of tour guides’ ethical behavior on tourist satisfaction, intention to revisit and to recommend and examine whether gender plays a moderating role in these relationships.

Design/methodology/approach

The study was conducted in the Cappadocia Destination in Turkiye. A total of 910 participants were included in the study. The partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) method was used to examine the research model in this study.

Findings

The study results indicate that the ethical behavior of tour guides has a significant impact on tourists’ satisfaction with the tour, satisfaction with the tour guide, recommendation intention and revisit intention. Furthermore, the study found that the effect of ethical behavior on these outcomes was more pronounced among male tourists than female tourists.

Research limitations/implications

Despite the tourists’ satisfaction, they may want to remember the experience using mental time travel, and they may fear not having the same positive experience during any revisits. Tour guides should be given continuous training on the concept of professional ethics throughout their education and professional life. The factors causing higher ethical perceptions in male tourists than female tourists may be examined in further studies (i.e. marital status).

Originality/value

The research fills an important gap in the literature by shedding light on the significance of ethical behavior in the context of tour guides, a topic that has received relatively little attention. In particular, the results obtained reveal the originality of the study. Besides that, investigating the moderating role of gender and determining the behavioral intentions of male and female individuals according to the ethical behaviors of tour guides are important for the future of Cappadocia tourism.
Risk factors for deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism: a comparative study between acute hospital care and mental health inpatient settings for older people
Authors: Chari Damodar , Sawhney Ina , Mukaetova-Ladinska Elizabeta , Beishon Lucy , Subramaniam Hari
Published: November 2024

Purpose

This study aims to establish if risk factors for venous thromboembolism (VTE) in older hospitalized psychiatric patients differ from geriatric inpatients and if the current risk assessment tools being used are suitable.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors undertook a single centre retrospective review of 75 records for presence of predetermined risk factors. In total, 55 discharged patients with thrombotic events within geriatric settings were compared with 20 from mental health settings. Differences in risk factors were determined using t-test and Fisher’s exact test.

Findings

VTE patients in geriatric units were older and had reduced mobility. Psychiatric patients were more likely to be dehydrated and treated with psychotropics. Whilst rates of VTE screening were comparable in both settings, geriatric inpatients were more frequently prescribed thromboprophylaxis.

Research limitations/implications

Older psychiatric inpatients differ from those in medical/surgical settings in their profiles and risk factors for VTE. Approaches for VTE risk management also differed.

Practical implications

The study suggests the need for VTE screening tools and treatment protocols specific to older psychiatric settings.

Social implications

Targeted approaches may improve outcomes specific to each group.

Originality/value

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first attempt in comparing VTE risk factors across acute physical health care and mental health settings.
Civility, honour and male aggression in early modern English jestbooks
Authors: Somers Tim
Published: November 2024

This article discusses the comical representation of inter‐male violence within early modern English jestbooks. It is based on a rigorous survey of the genre, picking out common themes and anecdotes, as well as discussing their reception and sociable functions. Previous scholarship has focused on patriarchs, subversive youths and impoliteness. This article instead argues that common jests about false honour and aggressive civility affirmed changing emotional norms regulating anger and violence. It discusses continuities in masculinities and politeness and outlines a register of wit, or ‘civil mirth’, that ridiculed public quarrelling and modelled scripts based upon self‐control and ‘good humour’.
Lufenuron affects the fecundity of Panonychus citri by regulating the methyl farnesoate–ponasterone A network
Authors: Xia Meng‐Hao , Li Chuan‐Zhen , Li Yu‐Chuang , Pan Deng , Wang Zi‐Ran , Dou Wei , Wang Jin‐Jun
Published: November 2024

In insects, the juvenile hormone (JH) and 20‐hydroxyecdysone (20E) pathways jointly regulate fecundity, but only methyl farnesoate (MF) and ponasterone A exist in mites. Comparative transcriptomic analysis in Panonychus citri showed that E75B was significantly downregulated when exposed to lufenuron. Knockdown of E75B significantly affects the expression of vitellogenin (Vg), Fushi tarazu factor 1 (Ftz‐f1) and juvenile hormone acid O‐methyltransferase (JHAMT), reducing fecundity in mites. The knockdown of Ftz‐f1 produced a more significant effect than the knockdown of E75B, indicating that the ponasterone A pathway positively regulates fecundity in P. citri. After the knockdown of JHAMT, the expression levels of both Vg and Ftz‐f1 and fecundity were significantly increased, along with the inhibition of Kr‐h1, suggesting that JHAMT was negatively correlated with fecundity in the regulatory network. Knockdown of Kr‐h1 inhibited the expression of Vg and Ftz‐f1 and fecundity, and whether the drop in fecundity is caused by Kr‐h1 or Ftz‐f1 is unclear. Subsequent feeding with MF induced Kr‐h1 and Vg expression, whereas no significant effects were observed for JHAMT and Ftz‐f1. Therefore, the MF pathway stimulates fecundity independently. RNA interference (RNAi) showed that JHAMT and Ftz‐f1 inhibited each other, resulting in opposite effects of MF and ponasterone A pathways on steady‐state fecundity when either factor changed. Meanwhile, JHAMT knockdown led to increased fecundity, indicating that the stimulating effect of the ponasterone A pathway was greater than the inhibiting effect of the MF pathway, and demonstrating the dominant role of the ponasterone A pathway. Therefore, the interaction between JHAMT and Ftz‐f1 may be closely associated with the maintenance of MF–ponasterone A regulatory network homeostasis and is involved in the reduction of fecundity in P. citri induced by exposure to lufenuron.
Dissecting the genomic traits and clinical course of secondary myelodysplastic syndrome following aplastic anaemia: A milestone
Authors: Gurnari Carmelo , Visconte Valeria
Published: November 2024

Dissecting the genomic traits and clinical course of secondary myelodysplastic syndrome following aplastic anaemia is a milestone. The report by Li and colleagues investigates determinants of evolution to myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukaemia in patients with aplastic anaemia and paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria with a specific focus on post‐transplant outcomes.

Commentary on: Li et al. Clinical and genetic profiles and outcomes of allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation in secondary myelodysplastic syndrome following aplastic anaemia. Br J Haematol 2025; 206:753‐757.
Combined therapy with pirfenidone and nintedanib counteracts fibrotic silicosis in mice
Authors: Bai Lu , Wang Jiaxin , Wang Xue , Wang Jixin , Zeng Wei , Pang Junling , Zhang Tiantian , Li Shengxi , Song Meiyue , Shi Yiwei , Wang Jing , Wang Chen
Published: November 2024

Background and Purpose

Pneumoconiosis, especially silicosis, is a prevalent occupational disease with substantial global economic implications and lacks a definitive cure. Both pneumoconiosis and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) are interstitial lung diseases, which share many common physiological characteristics. Because pirfenidone and nintedanib are approved to treat IPF, their potential efficacy as antifibrotic agents in advanced silicosis deserves further exploration. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the individual and combined effects of pirfenidone and nintedanib in treating advanced silicosis mice and elucidate the underlying mechanisms of their therapeutic actions via multiomics.

Experimental Approach

We administered monotherapy or combined therapy of pirfenidone and nintedanib, with low and high doses, in silicosis established after 6 weeks and evaluated lung function, inflammatory responses and fibrotic status. Additionally, we employed transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses to uncover the mechanisms underlying different therapeutic strategies.

Key Results

Both pirfenidone and nintedanib were effective in treating advanced silicosis, with superior outcomes observed in combination therapy. Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses revealed that pirfenidone and nintedanib primarily exerted their therapeutic effects by modulating immune responses, signalling cascades and metabolic processes involving lipids, nucleotides and carbohydrates. Furthermore, we experimentally validated both monotherapy and combined therapy yielded therapeutic benefits through two common signalling pathways: steroid biosynthesis and purine metabolism.

Conclusion and Implications

In conclusion, pirfenidone and nintedanib, either individually or in combination, demonstrate substantial potential in advanced silicosis. Furthermore, combined therapy outperformed monotherapy, even at low doses. These therapeutic benefits are attributed to their influence on diverse signalling pathways and metabolic processes.
Vascular endothelial growth factor in inflammatory bowel disease: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Zoroddu Stefano , Di Lorenzo Biagio , Paliogiannis Panagiotis , Mangoni Arduino A. , Carru Ciriaco , Zinellu Angelo
Published: November 2024

Aim

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is linked to inflammation and angiogenesis, indicating a possible role in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and its main clinical manifestations, Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). This systematic review and meta‐analysis investigated studies assessing circulating VEGF concentrations in IBD patients and healthy controls, considering the effect of IBD type, sample type and geographical location.

Methods

A systematic search identified 18 studies (28 group comparators) investigating 1741 IBD patients and 1291 controls. Data were extracted and analysed using standardized mean differences (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI).

Results

VEGF concentrations were significantly higher in IBD patients (SMD = .71, 95% CI .38 to 1.04; p < .001). UC patients showed higher VEGF concentrations than CD patients. Serum samples indicated significant VEGF elevations, unlike plasma samples. Significant VEGF increases were observed in studies conducted in Western Europe and Asia, but not in Eastern Europe. No significant differences were found between active and inactive disease.

Conclusions

VEGF concentrations are elevated in IBD patients, with variations by disease type, sample type and geography. However, VEGF is not a reliable marker of disease activity. Future research should standardize methods and explore regional influences to enhance VEGF's clinical utility as a biomarker of IBD.
Complement activation by IgM autoantibodies linked to immune‐mediated neuropathies depends on C2
Authors: Budding Kevin , Dijkxhoorn Kim , de Zeeuw Elisabeth , Bloemenkamp Lauri M. , van der Pol W. Ludo , Notermans Nicolette C. , Minnema Monique C. , Leusen Jeanette H. W. , Hack C. Erik , Van de Walle Inge
Published: November 2024

Background and purpose

Complement factor C2 is a potential therapeutic target in immune‐mediated neuropathies. However, literature suggests that classical complement pathway activation may proceed to C3 in the absence of C2, a so‐called “C2 bypass.” Here, we evaluated a C2 bypass mechanism during complement activation by pathogenic human IgM from patients with immune‐mediated neuropathies.

Methods

IgM autoantibodies from 51 patients with multifocal motor neuropathy (MMN) or anti‐myelin‐associated glycoprotein (MAG) neuropathy (AMN) were used to activate complement in ex vivo disease models. C2 bypass was evaluated using C2‐depleted (C2D) serum and a therapeutic anti‐C2 antibody.

Results

In two different disease models of MMN, IgM anti‐GM1 and IgM anti‐GM2 autoantibodies from MMN patients were bound to induced pluripotent stem cell‐derived motor neurons and Schwann cells, respectively, and fixed C3 upon incubation with fresh serum. C3 fixation was inhibited by anti‐C2 and did not occur with C2D serum. Similarly, in an AMN model, IgM anti‐MAG antibodies were incubated with fresh serum and fixed C3, which in all cases was abrogated in the absence of C2 or in the presence of anti‐C2.

Conclusions

In ex vivo disease models of MMN and AMN, complement activation by IgM autoantibodies from 51 patients was in all cases dependent on C2 and was inhibited by an antihuman C2 antibody. No evidence of a C2 bypass mechanism was found.
Lottery‐like features and mutual fund performance‐flow sensitivity
Authors: Cheng Hua , Kong Lingtian , Lin Tse‐Chun , Luo Yan , Zhou Ningyu
Published: November 2024

We show that mutual funds' lottery‐like features weaken the performance‐flow sensitivity, particularly among low‐performing funds, thereby contributing to the convexity of the fund performance‐flow relation. The results hold when different model specifications are used to test the fund performance‐flow relation, are robust to alternative measures for funds' lottery‐like features, and cannot be attributed to fund search costs, marketing efforts, or fund performance volatility. Utilizing retail trading data at the account level from a large brokerage firm, we offer additional evidence that funds' lottery‐like features significantly reduce outflows for low‐performing funds. It confirms that the weakened performance‐flow sensitivity among low‐performing funds with lottery‐like features is driven by existing investors' reluctance to redeem their shares. Furthermore, we reveal that fund managers can cater to investors' gambling preference by tilting fund portfolios toward lottery‐type stocks. Funds' lottery‐like features, however, aggravate future fund performance, especially among those that have already underperformed in the past.