bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Economic Dividends of the Abraham Accords
Authors: Fernandez Manuel
Published: January 2022

The UAE and Israel had no direct relations before August 2020, as UAE had not recognized Israel as a state. However, the UAE was keen on building diplomatic relations with all countries in the recent past and is progressively becoming more liberal and tolerant. The UAE signed the historic Abraham Accord with Israel in September 2020. The Abraham Accord is an avenue of peace. It supports the efforts for prosperity and advancement as it paves the way for deepening economic, knowledge and cultural ties between the countries. There are opportunities to expand cooperation, engagement and knowledge sharing in various sectors such as agriculture, energy, technology, tourism, education, health care and services, trade and homeland security, climate issues, water, food security and smart mobility. Since September 2020, several transactions have been signed between Israeli and Emirati firms in different fields, valued at tens of millions of dollars. On the anniversary of the agreements, the volume of trade between Israel and the Emirates amounted to more than $ 100 million per month. The Abraham Accord has paved the way, is gradually improving the relationships in the region, and will slowly but surely lead to better peace and economic prosperity of the region.
The Impacts of Government Spending and Monetary Policy Rate in Indonesia
Authors: Hadiwibowo Yuniarto , Priharjanto Akhmad
Published: January 2022

This study reviews the impacts of government policies on the economy. The period of analysis starts from early banking sector reform until the current Covid-19 pandemic crisis. We apply Vector Error Correction Model based on the theory of money demand and inflation to analyze the relationships among income, inflation, money balance, government spending, and policy interest rate. The impacts of money balance and policy interest rate on income are as predicted by money demand. Financial sector growth and different expectation on inflation affect the efficacy of monetary policy. On the other hand, government spending might not be fully growth-enhancing. The need emerges to classify and distinguish the classes of government spending which increase growth.
The Black Swan of the Coronavirus and How American Organizations Have Adapted to the New World of Remote Work
Authors: Wyld David C.
Published: January 2022

This article presents a look at how leading-edge American companies have adapted to the very changing nature of work in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. The article begins with an examination of the impact of the coronavirus outbreak on all of us, placing the pandemic in historical context as a “Black Swan”-level disruptive, historical event. Drawing upon current research, the author examines how the pandemic induced a shift to remote work for many workers, not just in the U.S., but globally, and how that impacted both employees and organizations. Next, the findings of an examination of how major U.S. companies, across many industries, have shifted permanently to offering their employees either full or partial-time remote work options are presented. Based on this research, the author discusses how this change has - and will continue - to impact organizations into the future. The article concludes with a look at the road ahead, as management of all organizations adapts to a very new world of work and a new operating model. To assist and inform managers of how to best make this transition, the author presents an 8-step action plan for implementing remote work into organizations today.
Ketoacidosis Secondary to Dento-Alveolar Infection in a Diabetic Pediatric Patient
Authors: Kadri Sahar , Touil Dorsaf , Abdmouleh Yosri , Hammouda Latifa , Hannachi Fatma , Oualha Lamia , Douki Nabiha
Published: January 2022

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a common complication of type I and occasionally type II diabetes mellitus. Patients with DKA require intensive multidisciplinary care involving dental surgeons and endocrine physicians in a hospital setting. The association between diabetes mellitus and oral infections is very common and infection is a well-recognized trigger of DKA. Yet very few cases of DKA secondary to dental infections have been reported in the literature. We, herein, report an interesting case of a pediatric patient presenting with ketoacidosis secondary to acute cervical adenophlegmon of dental origin.
Hurdles in the Access of Regular Dental Care among the Medical & Dental Students of Lahore
Authors: Zahid Omer Bin , Rehman Ajwa , Jamil Hassan , Shoaib Muhammad , Bilal Mehak , Raza Farheen
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Despite the great leaps in oral health globally, many countries of the world still face a horde of dental problems. Especially poverty ridden populations of the developing nations. Distribution of oral disease varies among different communities and sometimes even in the same community due to various environmental factors, factors of personal hygiene and oral habits among different demographics. However, the condition of oral health in the patients of Lahore is abysmal as determined by various previous dental surveys. The prevalence of cavities in dental patients is 82.3% while the rest of 17.7% have swollen gums, abscess, infection, and pain. Thus, this study aims to test the barriers in the way of regular dental care by evaluating a major portion of medical and dental students by using a cross sectional, questionnaire-based study, and to make regular dental care more accessible to the students of this metropolis.

Objective: To determine the factors that become a hurdle in the way of regular dental care among the medical and dental students of Lahore and to pave the way for further studies on this topic.

Methodology: This survey, after approval from the Internal Review Board of de’Montmorency College of Dentistry, was carried out from July to October 2021. Sample size was calculated using OpenEpi, keeping the confidence level at 95% and the margin of error at 6%. The sampling population included 234 respondents who were randomly selected from 4 different medical and dental colleges of Lahore including both public and private sector colleges. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire titled; Questionnaire for Assessment of Perceived Oral Health Care Needs, Barriers to Accessing Oral Health Care Services and Its Utility8. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS® version 22.

Result: All of the participants were students of medical and dental colleges of Lahore. More than half of the participants agreed to have not visited a dentist regularly for regular checkups for maintenance of oral health. About 55% of the participants agreed to not visiting a dentist due to fear of infection transmission. We also found a significant association between the stream of education and regular dental visits (p=0.000).

Conclusion: For medical and dental students, the biggest barrier in regular oral healthcare is fear of infection transmission, and unavailability of time. However, fear of dental procedures and high cost of service also play a role. Moreover, the high cost of service is not as strong of a factor as it is for the general population.
An improved Whale Optimization Approach for Effective Data Transmission for IoT Communication
Authors: Adel Abidullha , Rana Md Sohel , Rana Nuruzzam , Hosan Md Alamin , Shapoor Mohammad Akbar
Published: January 2022

Internet of Things (IoT) offers interconnection among several wireless communication devices for the provision of device accessibility and in-built capacity. IoT provides device interaction and provision of advantages capability for networking and socialization with consideration of intermediate devices. Through innovation in technology IoT devices convert cyber environments with hyper-connectivity. IoT communication contains several smart devices such as body sensors, smartphones, tags, electronic gadgets, and so on. IoT communication is involved in the provision of heterogeneous connectivity among devices for the provision of interface and connectivity for enhancing service quality. The data sending among IoT devices is affected by several threats that have an impact on the network’s performance. To overcome the limitation related to IoT communication, it is necessary to develop an appropriate technique for enhancing IoT network communication performance. In this research developed a multi-channel routing approach is adopted in IoT communication. The developed approach utilizes a meta-heuristics approach with probability-based characteristics. For the meta-heuristics approach this research utilizes whale optimization technique combined with probability characteristics for improving the IoT communication performance of the network. The proposed approach utilizes initially constructs the IoT communication path for information sharing and gathering. This path information is identified through the objective function of a meta-heuristic approach. Based on the objective function hoping between the devices is minimized through which data are transmitted in the network. Simulation is performed as a unique proposed approach with a coverage area of 100 meters. For identification of the optimal path in the network, WOA identifies the path of communication through probability function. Comparative analysis of research exhibited that WOA provides significant performance with the identification of optimal value at the range of 1.0746e-78. Further, the proposed probability-based WOA approach significantly improves the performance of the IoT network.
Prevalence and Management Practices of Lumpy Skin Disease (LSD) in Cattle at Natore District of Bangladesh
Authors: Haque Md Hakimul , Roy Rahul Krishna , Yeasmin Farhana , Fakhruzzaman Md. , Yeasmin Tanjina , Sazib Md. Rabiul Islam , Uddin Md. Nasir , Sarker Subir
Published: January 2022

Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is a potentially contagious viral disease in cattle, caused by the Lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV), which belongs to the family Poxviridae. The virus is suspected to spread via biological vectors such as mosquitoes, flies, ticks, and direct contact. It is a significant economic disease caused by a virus that causes significant losses in milk production, fertility, abortions, import restrictions, and, in some cases, death in the livestock animals. This study aimed to assess the current state of LSD and its management on several farms in the north-western region of Bangladesh. Data were obtained from two Upazilas in the Natore district (Natore Sadar and Baraigram) using a structured questionnaire. During the study period of 1 June to 20 December 2020, a total of 34 small farms and 87 animals were monitored. The OIE guidelines directed the diagnosis of LSD based on current clinical indicators. MS Excel and SPSS statistical software were used to evaluate all of the data. Morbidity, mortality, and case-fatality rates were found to be 64.70%, 2.94 %, and 4.53 % in Natore Sadar and 83.02 %, 3.77 %, and 4.55 % in Baraigram Upazilas, respectively. Female animals that were newly matured (2-4 years) were a larger prone to LSD infection (43.1%) than animals of other ages. A total of 34.43% illness was found in young bull cattle aged (2-4). Bull and heifer calves are also vulnerable populations, with reports of LSD infection leading to mortality. Limb swelling is a common clinical symptom, and LSD-positive young mature (2-4 year) cattle had the most significant rate (18.39%) of limb swelling. The farm hygiene practice is a critical determinant in the spread of LSDV, and a large proportion of cattle (48.27 %) infected with LSD were on farms with poor hygienic management, compared to good (01.14 %) and medium (01.14 %) hygienic management practices (26.43 %). Despite the fact that mosquito nets help prevent mosquitoes, most owners (91.17 %) did not use one in their cattle barn at night. More study is needed in Bangladesh to improve the clinical management of LSD, identify risk factors, and understand the molecular characteristics of diseases.
Accumulation and Combined Effect of Salinity and Heavy Metals on Growth, Yield and Uptake of Green Pea Grown in Piped Hydroponics
Authors: Haddad M. N. , Al-Jada M. A.
Published: January 2022

This research is to study the accumulation and combined effect of three salinity levels (750, 1500 and 3750 ppm) and of heavy metals (3.26, 3.2, 2 ppm, 2, and 0.2 of Zn, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Mo, respectively) on growth, yield, and uptake of green pea plants grown in piped hydroponic. Due to freshwater shortages, the use of hydroponic growth system was encouraged and used. The experiment consists of planting green peas from seeds into a 6” PVC piped system. After 2.5 months of growing, the experiment was stopped and plants parts were separated and divided into pods, leaves, stems, and roots, Then, physical, and chemical measurements conducted on them. Results indicated that (1) Salt concentration above 1500 mg/l was detrimental on the growth of green pea, (2) the best growth, yield, and biomass weight were observed at salinity of 750 mg/l, (3) heavy metals had positive effect on stems and roots of plants, but declined effect plant growth in general, (4) lines with nutrient deficiency were deficient in growth too, (5) sodium increased in plant’s organs in response to increased salinity in the feed solution, (6) the largest concentration of copper and zinc were found at the roots of the highest salinity level lines (36.05 and 211.58 mg/kg dry plant, respectively), (7) the hydroponic system proved to be efficient and economical and therefore, it is recommended for use for Palestinian farmers, and (8) results obtained in this study agree with previously published research with extent differences.
Effect of Soil Application of Zinc on Growth, Yield and Zinc Concentration in Rice Varieties
Authors: Islam M. Rafiqul , Sultana Abida , Jahiruddin M. , Islam Shofiqul
Published: January 2022

Zinc (Zn) deficiency is widespread nutrient disorder in lowland rice growing areas in Asia, especially in Bangladesh. Intensive cropping with modern varieties causes depletion of inherent nutrient reserves in soils. The application of Zn fertilizers results in higher crop productivity and increases Zn concentration in crops. A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of Zn application on growth, yield, and grain-Zn concentration in eight varieties of rice. The experiment was laid out in a split plot design with a distribution of Zn rates (0 kg ha-1 and 3 kg ha-1 from ZnO) to the main plots and rice varieties (BRRI dhan49, BRRI dhan52, BRRI dhan56, BRRI dhan57, Kalizira, Biroin, Gainja and Khirshapath) to the sub-plots. Zinc application improved effective tillers hill-1, grains panicle-1 and 1000-grain weight which impacted the grain yield of rice. Among the eight rice varieties, a significant increase of grain yield was recorded in BRRI dhan49, BRRI dhan52, BRRI dhan56 and BRRI dhan57 due to application of Zn. Zinc concentration of grain significantly increased in all rice varieties except Biroin. The highest grain-Zn concentration (19.1 mg kg-1) was noted in BRRI dhan57 with 3 kg ha-1 Zn and the lowest value (11.3 mg kg-1) was observed in BRRI dhan52 without Zn application. The highest percent increase of grain Zn concentration over control was obtained in high yielding rice variety BRRI dhan49 and the lowest Zn concentration was found in local rice variety Biroin.
On the Delta Plus Variant of SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Chowdhury Selia , Bappy Mehedi Hasan
Published: January 2022

The unprecedented consequences brought by the COVID pandemic are still going on, the virus hasn’t been tamed yet. It is evolving through mutations to consistently being a risk to public health. Recently, the Delta variant has been declared as the variant of concern by the World Health Organization (WHO). In this article, a subvariant of Delta known as Delta Plus has been presented to provide a relevant foundation for future research works. The evolution, pathogenesis, associated symptoms, suggested prevention and treatments, vaccine efficacy, and current trends of transmission of Delta Plus variant of SARS-CoV-2 are reviewed and discussed.
Solitary Temporal Plasmocytoma: A Case Report
Authors: Jamal Oufaa , Rafiq Abderrahmane , Mesbahi Tarek , Lakhdar Abdelhakim
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Solitary plasmacytoma is a malignant plasma cell tumor that is much rarer than multiple myeloma. The location in the vault of plasmacytoma is extremely rare. We report the case of a plasmacytoma of the cranial vault in a 53-year-old adult.
Observation: A 53-year-old man consulted for tinnitus, left hypoacusis and trigeminal neuralgia of the left V2 and V3, which had been evolving for one year and was aggravated one month later by the appearance of a left temporal swelling with decreased visual acuity on the left. The MRI confirmed the existence of a lesional process of the temporal vault, in T1 iso signal, T2 hypersignal and flair, intensely and heterogeneously enhanced after injection of gadolinium. Anatomopathological study revealed a solitary temporal plasmacytoma, which was referred to oncology for further management.
Discussion: Plasmacytoma is defined as an isolated malignant plasma cell tumor without clinical, biological, or radiological signs of Myeloma. Craniocerebral localization is rare and constitutes only 0.7% of all solitary plasmacytomas.
Conclusion: Cranial plasmacytoma is a rare tumor that should be investigated for associated myeloma. Although the imaging appearance is not very specific, plasmacytoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of any invasive lytic lesion of the cranial vault.
Variation between Initial and Final Diagnosis as A Predictor of Adverse Obstetric Outcome among Post-Natal Women at Bungoma Hospitals, Kenya
Authors: Wafula David Nandebe , Wesonga Bernard , Wanzala Maximilla , Shaviya Nathan , Nyang’au Rose A. M.
Published: January 2022

Despite diagnosis being an important part of clinical or medical consultations, the diagnosis might fail leading to adverse effects. This is a global problem, where developed and developing countries go through. In sub-Saharan Africa, variations between initial diagnosis and final diagnosis lead to diagnostic errors with high maternal mortalities. In Kenya, a lot of measures have been put in place but still, variation in diagnosis appear to have become rampant. Bungoma county is one of the counties with a high mortality ratio, especially for pregnant women attributed to the variation between initial and final diagnosis. Therefore, it was crucial to investigate the variation between initial and final diagnosis in relation to obstetric outcomes at hospitals in Bungoma County. The cross-sectional research design was used (Bungoma and Webuye hospitals). Systematic sampling was used to obtain 384 respondents after proportionate allocation to each hospital, and purposive sampling to select 8 health care workers as key informants. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire and an interview guide. The pre-test was done with validity established through crosschecking and reliability calculated using the Cronbach method (0.89). Using a statistical package for social sciences version 25, descriptive and inferential statistics was run where chi-square and odds ratio was used to determine the influence between variables, significance and prediction. The study revealed a variation between initial diagnosis and the final diagnosis was 20.8% while diagnostic errors were significant predictors of obstetric outcomes among post-natal mothers at level five with a p-value of 0.045 at a significance of 5%(P=0.045). Demographic characteristics showed no relationship with obstetric outcomes (P=0.54>0.05). Matched diagnostic had no variations (N=327, M=1.00, SD=0.000); while unmatched diagnostic had variations (N=327, M=1.82, SD=.384). There was a relationship between diagnostic errors and obstetric outcome (ꭓ2 (1) = 251.86, p< .001). An association between diagnostic error with unsafe obstetric outcomes was significant at the odds ratio of 2.03(OR 2.03, 95% CI 1.31–2.16). The study demonstrates that a correct diagnosis is a viable strategy in preventing unsafe obstetric outcomes and by extension minimizing morbidity and mortality among pregnant women. The study concluded that there was a variation between initial diagnosis and final diagnosis which had an adverse obstetric outcome. it was recommended to build capacities for the health workers in order to address increased diagnostic errors.
Evaluation of the Anti-ulcer Effect of Extra Virgin Avocado (Persea americana) Oil in Rats
Authors: Offor Samuel , Tologbonse Adedayo Adedoyin , Akpan Sifon Obong John , Anah Victor Udo , Edward Enobong Anietie
Published: January 2022

Peptic ulcer disease is a gastrointestinal disorder of high mortality and morbidity. Therapy of this disease condition with conventional drugs presents therapeutic challenge due to incidents of unwanted side effects, and the high cost of these medications. The use of products from natural sources will provide useful alternatives due to their minimal side effects, being inexpensive, and readily available, especially in resource-challenged nations of the continent of Africa and other developing economies. Oils derived from plants are increasingly being used in management of several disease conditions. This study aims at evaluating the antiulcer activity of extra virgin avocado oil in rodents using ethanol-induced, and indomethacin-induced ulcer models. Test group was given extra virgin avocado oil (1ml per 250g weight) for 7 days before induction of ulcer. Positive controls received omeprazole 30 mg/kg, while negative control animals were given distilled water (10ml/kg) for 7 days respectively, before induction of ulcer. The stomachs were excised and their histopathological examinations carried out. Avocado oil significantly reduced the ulcer index in both models when compared to the negative control group, and histopathological findings corroborate that the oil ameliorates ulcerations in both models. The present study has demonstrated that extra virgin avocado oil possesses significant antiulcer activity.
PERFORMANCE IMPROVEMENT OF BLUD PUSKESMAS EMPLOYEES BASED ON THE RELIANCE ON MULTIPLE PERFORMANCE MEASURE THROUGH LEVERS OF CONTROL
Authors: Hernando Riski , Syofyan Efrizal
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini menguji pengaruh ketergantungan berbagai ukuran kinerja (finansial dan non-keuangan) terhadap kinerja pegawai Badan Layanan Umum Daerah (BLUD) Pusat Kesehatan Masyarakat (Puskesmas) atau Badan Layanan Umum Daerah Puskesmas Tanjung Jabung Barat dan Kabupaten Batanghari. Studi ini juga menganalisis dampak hubungan yang dimediasi oleh Levers of Control (sistem kontrol diagnostik dan sistem kontrol interaktif). Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah pegawai BLUD Puskesmas Tanjung Jabung Barat dan BLUD Puskesmas Batanghari yang diambil sebagai sampel sebanyak 81 responden. Penelitian ini menggunakan structural equation modelling (SEM-PLS) dengan software WarpPLS versi 7.0. Studi ini menunjukkan bahwa Levers of Control memediasi hubungan antara ketergantungan pada beberapa ukuran kinerja pada kinerja. Namun, studi ini gagal menunjukkan bahwa kinerja BLUD Puskesmas dipengaruhi oleh ketergantungan pada berbagai ukuran kinerja. Studi ini memberikan kontribusi penting bagi BLUD Puskesmas bukan hanya di Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Barat dan Batanghari akan tetapi juga BLUD Puskesmas di Indonesia berupa penggunaan levers of control sebagai variabel mediasi hubungan antara ketergantungan pada beberapa ukuran kinerja pada kinerja pegawai BLUD Puskesmas.
PENGALAMAN AYAH DALAM MERAWAT ANAK DENGAN AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER (ASD)
Authors: Galih Diessa Restikaning , Oktarianto Muhammad Luthfi
Published: January 2022

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) merupakan kondisi kesulitan dalam interaksi sosial dan komunikasi pada perkembangan anak yang berlangsung seumur hidup. Pola pengasuhan terhadap anak ini menjadi tantangan tersendiri terhadap orang tua khususnya seorang ayah. Tujuan review ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengalaman ayah dalam merawat anak dengan Autism Spectrum Disorder. Penelitian kualitatif ini menggunakan pendekatan studi pustaka. Peneliti menemukan jurnal internasional pada beberapa database yang meliputi Science Direct, Sage Pub, Springer, Elsevier, Tandfonline dan JStor dari tahun 2011-2020. Kegiatan ini meliputi review terhadap jurnal yang membahas mengenai pengalaman ayah dalam merawat anak dengan autism spectrum disorder. Setelah melakukan serangkaian screening ditemukan enam jurnal yang sesuai dengan topic tersebut. Hasil  penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa pengalaman merawat anak dengan autism spectrum disorder dapat memperkaya pengalaman, membutuhkan penerimaan dan dukungan lingkungan sekitar untuk mengurangi stressor yang didapatkan. Diperlukan adanya kegiatan untuk memperkaya pemahaman dalam pola pengasuhan anak kepada ayah agar kualitas hidup anak penderita Autism Spektrum Disorder semakin baik.
GAMBARAN STRES TENAGA KESEHATAN PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Pratitis Nindia , Haryanti Astri , Hariyanti Nur Ajeng Irma , Kusumawati Elza
Published: January 2022

Covid-19 telah ditetapkan sebagai pandemi global. Kemunculan covid-19 memberikan dampak besar bagi banyak pihak. Kasus kejadian Covid-19 terus meningkat dari hari ke hari. Setiap harinya jumlah kasus positif covid selalu bertambah. Pihak yang paling terdampak dalam penanganan Covid adalah tenaga kesehatan. Para tenaga kesehatan yang berperan sebagai garda terdepan penanganan Covid-19 menghadapi berbagai macam tantangan baik resiko tertular penyakit, harus hidup terpisah dari keluarga, dan berbagai macam tantangan lainnya. Menindaklanjuti permasalahan tersebut, maka penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran stres tenaga kesehatan pada masa Pandemi Covid-19. Metode dalam penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif deskriptif, dengan partisipan 101 orang. Teknik sampling yang digunakan ialah convenience sampling. Pengumpulan data kuantitatif menggunakan skala depression anxiety stress scale (DASS-21). Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa 67,3% tenaga kesehatan yang menjadi responden dalam penelitian ini memiliki tingkat stres dalam kategori sedang, 17,9% dalam kategori tinggi, dan 17,8% dalam kategori rendah.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA CULTURE SHOCK DENGAN PRESTASI BELAJAR PADA MAHASISWA PAPUA TAHUN PERTAMA YANG MERANTAU DI UKSW SALATIGA
Authors: Tekege Elisabeth , Prasetya Berta Esti Ari
Published: January 2022

Kebudayaan dan lingkungan yang baru membuat individu seperti mahasiswa berada di dalam kondisi yang berbeda dari lingkungan daerahnya, perubahan ini apakah akan mengakibatkan prestasi belajar akan berada pada taraf yang baik atau tidak pada setiap mahasiswa yang merantau. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara culture shock dan prestasi belajar pada mahasiswa tahun pertama yang merantau di UKSW Salatiga. Metode penelitian dalam pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik snowball sampling dengan melibatkan 102 mahasiswa angkatan 2019 yang berasal dari Papua. Pengambilan data melalui kuesioner yang disebarkan ke setiap responden dengan teknik analisa data menggunakan uji korelasi spearman’s rho dengan bantuan aplikasi SPSS 26.0. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai r = 0.068 (P>0,05) yang berarti tidak adanya hubungan signifikan antara culture shock dengan prestasi belajar. Dengan demikian hipotesis (H1) ditolak dimana hal ini menunjukkan bahwa tidak adanya hubungan yang singnifikan antara culture shock dan prestasi belajar.
PENGENALAN ANGKA KEPADA ANAK USIA 6 TAHUN DENGAN MEDIA KARTU
Authors: Chanet Geraisa Dayura , Utami Adnani Budi
Published: January 2022

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui penyebab anak usia 6 tahun sulit mengenal angka-angka dasar dan bagaimana cara mengatasinya. Metode dalam penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian kualitatif dengan desain kasus tunggal (single case experiement) dengan pemberian intervensi yaitu pengenalan angka dengan media kartu dan pendampingan. Pelaksanaan intervensi dilakukan di rumah subjek selama 1 jam sebanyak 6 kali pertemuan. Hasil yang diperoleh selama 6 kali pertemuan subjek dapat mengenal simbol angka 1-10 namun untuk simbol belasan subjek masih cenderung salah penyebutannya dan subjek mebutuhkan konsentrasi untuk dapat mengingat. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah subjek dapat lebih cepat mengenal angka dengan bantuan media dalam kegiatan belajarnya sehingga subjek dapat belajar dengan senang dan tidak merasa kesulitan.
STRES PADA TENAGA KESEHATAN SAAT PANDEMI COVID-19: TINJAUAN LITERATUR
Authors: Ayuningtyas Shenna Mentari , Hendriani Wiwin
Published: January 2022

Sejak dideklarasikannya COVID-19 sebagai pandemi oleh WHO, tenaga kesehatan sebagai profesi yang memiliki peran yang signifikan terhadap penanganan pandemi, lebih berisiko untuk mengalami stres dibandingkan profesi lain. Tujuan studi ini adalah untuk memperoleh fakta terkait stres pada tenaga kesehatan di masa pandemi COVID-19. Pencarian basis data elektronik melalui Google Scholar, Springer Link, Sage Journals, Science Direct, dan basis data WHO dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi penelitian tentang stres pada tenaga kesehatan saat menghadapi pandemi COVID-19 yang dirilis sejak tahun 2019 yang merupakan awal teridentifikasinya COVID-19 di Wuhan, Cina. Lima penelitian diperoleh berdasarkan kriteria inklusif dan eksklusif pada tinjauan literatur ini. Kelima penelitian menggunakan desain penelitian kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Berdasarkan kelima penelitian tersebut, tenaga kesehatan menunjukkan tingkat stres ringan hingga berat saat menghadapi pandemi COVID-19 yang disebabkan oleh faktor sosiodemografis, kondisi personal, tuntutan organisasi, dan dukungan sosial.
Teachers’ Perceptions of Using Drama- and Other Action-Based Methods in Language Education
Authors: Hahl Kaisa , Keinänen Nely
Published: January 2022

This article examines teachers’ perceptions of the use of drama- and other action-based methods in teaching a foreign or second language in Finland. Prior research reveals that much foreign language teaching is textbook-based and does not utilize the target language effectively. International research on drama- and action-based methods shows that these instructional techniques are beneficial to student learning and language acquisition. The data for this study were collected through an online questionnaire with closed and open questions and analyzed inductively with content analysis. The findings indicate that a majority of the participants (n=130) used action-based methods regularly. Teachers used these methods because they believed they improve student learning, increase motivation, and liven up lessons. However, teachers lacked training in action-based methods and some also felt there is no time for these methods in busy schedules. Using drama methods was much less common than other action-based methods, such as different word games with movement. The findings show that although textbooks provide ideas for dramatized reading of texts, teachers found most activities online or made them up themselves. Drama and other action-based methods should be incorporated into teacher education and language textbooks so that teachers would gain confidence and competence in using them and have easy access to different, even more complex activities.
THE RISE OF NEW NORMS IN COVID-19 CRISIS: LEARNING BARRIERS AND OPPORTUNITIES
Authors: Ab. Latif Nur Afiqah , Zulkifli Che Nooryohana
Published: January 2022

Covid-19 has been around us for over a year and due to massive restrictions, many nations are still struggling to formulate an ideal education system. As a result of the emergency outbreak, the education system is compromised and this has a direct impact on both instructors and students. The latter were found to experience more significant challenges to continue learning in this crisis, and this requires eclectic strategies for the system to properly function again. Since the number of Covid-19 cases surges every day in Malaysia, it is critical that we address the most pressing concerns that students are currently facing when online learning is abruptly employed to substitute face-to-face (FTF) education. Thus, this paper identified specific challenges faced by the students of Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Pulau Pinang, as well as the opportunities that came with the disruptions that were predicted to be used as optimal ways to receive and distribute online learning information successfully. In this study, 70 participants took part, and the data was gathered through a structured interview that was recorded on videos. The findings demonstrated that, despite the challenges, learners are gradually accepting these new standards, provided suitable learning techniques are used in the education system.
Formulation And Antioxcidant Activity Test Of Clay Mask Extracted Ethanol Tamarillo (Solanum betaceum Cav.)
Authors: Febriani Yessi , Sudewi Sudewi , Sembiring Rosanna
Published: January 2022

Tamarillo (Solanum betaceum Cav.) is a plant that is spread in Java, Bali and North Sumatra, which is rich in nutrients and contain flavonoid as antioxidants that can prevent cell damage due to oxidative stress. Clay-based face masks have a firming and cleansing effect on the skin. Tamarillo was extracted by maceration method using 96% ethanol extract, phytochemical screening was carried out. Clay mask formulation with extract concentration of 1.5%, 2%, 2.5% and blanks. Physical quality test of clay mask preparations included homogeneity test, stability test, pH test, dry time test, irritation test, effectiveness test of clay mask preparation on volunteers using the Skin Analyzer Checkher (Aram), preference test and antioxidant test using the DPPH method. The results showed that the ethanol extract tamarillo contained alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins and could be formulated into a clay mask preparation that was homogeneous, stable, met the pH requirements, and dried time. The results of the effectiveness test using a checkher skin analyzer give the effect of reducing blemishes, reducing pores, moisturizing, not causing irritation to the skin. The antioxidant activity of the ethanol extract tamarillo were in the moderate category with an IC50 value of 201 g/mL and the clay mask preparation of the ethanol extract tamarillo with a concentration of 2.5% was in the medium category with an IC50 value of 221 g/mL.
Optimization of compatible solutes for improving survival of freeze-dried Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus using Box-Behnken design
Authors: Shu Guowei , Li Bohao , Zhang Meng , Huang Jie , Chen Li , Dong Xu
Published: January 2022

Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus is widely used in yogurt as a starter. The freeze-drying process may cause bacteria death. In the present work, the effect of three solutes (NaCl, sorbitol, and sodium glutamate) in MRS on viability of L.bulgaricus during freeze-drying was investigated. The optimal combination of adequate solutes was chosen by Box-Behnken Design. The survival rate and viable counts in freeze-dried powder, as well as the viable counts in broth, were used as responses. The results revealed that the optimum combination of solutes in MRS broth were 0.50% NaCl, 0.19% sorbitol, and 0.06% sodium glutamate. Under these optimal conditions, the survival rate was 53.2±0.14%, the viable counts in freeze-dried powder was 8.51±0.23×1010 CFU/g, and the viable counts in broth was 6.05±0.19 ×108 CFU/mL, which were increased by 17.18%, 15.94%, and 17.31%, respectively, compared to the control. This research demonstrated the possibility of viability improvement of L.bulgaricus, which may provide a feasible reference for industrial development.
Cochran’s Q-Test on Soil Helminth Prevalence
Authors: David I. J. , Adehi M. U. , Ikwuoche P. O.
Published: January 2022

A study was made of the prevalence of nine geohelminth egg types in 184 soil samples from 16 recreational parks in Abuja metropolis, Nigeria. Cochran’s Q-test was applied to determine whether the difference in the proportions of the egg types found in the soil samples was significant. At a 5% significance level, it was found that the prevalence of the egg types was significantly different in the 184 soil samples from 16 parks. To identify which of the geohelminth eggs had a significantly larger mean proportional prevalence, a minimum required difference mean comparison technique was applied. The mean comparison test showed that Taenia and Coccocidia eggs were highly prevalent, with significantly larger mean proportions than the other analyzed geohelminth eggs in the 184 examined soil samples.
Influence of different sowing density in two varieties of maize. Part II. Relation to agricultural morphological features
Authors: Szulc Piotr , Ambroży-Deręgowska Katarzyna
Published: January 2022

In this paper, we investigate the effect of seeding density on several morphological features such as plant height, height of the production ears, ear length, ear diameter, leaf area, and LAI (leaf area index). Inference is based on a series of three-year two-factor experiments with two hybrid maize varieties – SY Cooky and Drim “stay-green” type – and 5 sowing densities: 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 plants per m2. The “stay-green” maize variety had production cobs significantly higher on the plant, and had a thicker cob and a larger leaf assimilation area than the conventional variety. Increasing maize sowing density from 6 to 10 plants m−2 resulted in a linear decrease in cob length and diameter, while it increased the LAI. Significantly higher chlorophyll content, expressed in SPAD units, was found in the “stay-green” hybrid at the BBCH 67 stage in a wet (2012) and drier year (2014), compared with the traditional variety. This may indicate that such a variety is more tolerant to stress conditions.
Hesitancy Prevalence and Sociocognitive Barriers to Coronavirus Vaccinations in Nigeria
Authors: Oguntayo Rotimi , Olaseni Abayomi O. , Ogundipe Abiodun Emmanuel
Published: January 2022

This study examined the prevalence, socioeconomic and cognitive barriers of coronavirus vaccinations in Nigeria. The study used an ex-post facto design. 526-participants were sampled using snowball sampling technique. A questionnaire pack containing socio-demographics and a 13-item adapted scale of SYKES was used. Findings revealed the prevalence of COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy (61.7%). Adolescents (83.8%) recorded more hesitancy than participants in early-adulthood (62.7%), middle-adulthood (53.1%), and late-adulthood (53%). Males (83.8%) showed hesitancy than the females (33.3%). More so, the primary (62.5%) and secondary school certificate holders (41.4%) scored more on hesitancy than tertiary certificate holders (36.0%). The identified perceived barriers to vaccinations are: safety (91%); government distrust (75.5%) and coerciveness (65.7%), vaccines efficacy (62.5%), complacency (65.7%), and constraints to vaccination center (55.5%). Conclusively, vaccination hesitancy was found more among males and younger respondents. Safety and efficacy of the vaccines, government distrust, coercive approach, and complacency were found as major barriers.
The Impact of the Principal Leadership Style on Teacher Job Satisfaction among Arab Teachers in Israel: A Qualitative Analysis
Authors: Bsoul Tahreer , Vasiluţă-Ștefănescu Marius
Published: January 2022

This study examines the impact of the management and leadership style of a school principal on teachers’ satisfaction in the Arab sector in Israel. The article presents central concepts of the research and the influence of each of the leadership and management styles of principals on teachers’ satisfaction within an Arab school in Israel. Teachers’ satisfaction (the dependent variable) refers to various variables related to teachers’ well-being at school, such as organizational commitment and motivation in the workplace, that are also linked to the teacher satisfaction (Arar & Masri-Herzallah, 2016). Accordingly, these variables are presented with reference to their definition, their impact, and the way they are affected by the management and leadership styles. The research is based on the qualitative methodology, in which we conducted observations in these Arab schools in Israel in and around the Arab city of Nazareth. In these observations, we visited the schools and observed how teachers and principals communicate and whether teachers were satisfied from their interaction with the principal.
Some Properties of Membership Functions Composed of Triangle Functions and Piecewise Linear Functions
Authors: Mitsuishi Takashi
Published: January 2022

Summary. IF-THEN rules in fuzzy inference is composed of multiple fuzzy sets (membership functions). IF-THEN rules can therefore be considered as a pair of membership functions [7]. The evaluation function of fuzzy control is composite function with fuzzy approximate reasoning and is functional on the set of membership functions. We obtained continuity of the evaluation function and compactness of the set of membership functions [12]. Therefore, we proved the existence of pair of membership functions, which maximizes (minimizes) evaluation function and is considered IF-THEN rules, in the set of membership functions by using extreme value theorem. The set of membership functions (fuzzy sets) is defined in this article to verifier our proofs before by Mizar [9], [10], [4]. Membership functions composed of triangle function, piecewise linear function and Gaussian function used in practice are formalized using existing functions.

On the other hand, not only curve membership functions mentioned above but also membership functions composed of straight lines (piecewise linear function) like triangular and trapezoidal functions are formalized. Moreover, different from the definition in [3] formalizations of triangular and trapezoidal function composed of two straight lines, minimum function and maximum functions are proposed. We prove, using the Mizar [2], [1] formalism, some properties of membership functions such as continuity and periodicity [13], [8].
Real Vector Space and Related Notions
Authors: Nakasho Kazuhisa , Okazaki Hiroyuki , Shidama Yasunari
Published: January 2022

Summary. In this paper, we discuss the properties that hold in finite dimensional vector spaces and related spaces. In the Mizar language [1], [2], variables are strictly typed, and their type conversion requires a complicated process. Our purpose is to formalize that some properties of finite dimensional vector spaces are preserved in type transformations, and to contain the complexity of type transformations into this paper. Specifically, we show that properties such as algebraic structure, subsets, finite sequences and their sums, linear combination, linear independence, and affine independence are preserved in type conversions among TOP-REAL(n), REAL-NS(n), and n-VectSp over F Real. We referred to [4], [9], and [8] in the formalization.
Land-use change and quality of life in residential neighbourhoods: Evidence from Tehran, Iran
Authors: Forouhar Navid , Forouhar Amir , Hasankhani Mahnoosh
Published: January 2022

Land-use planning generally aims to manage the development of urban areas to address the needs of the communities. In this regard, the multiple and often competing environmental, economic and social conflicts complicate the process of land-use planning. Commercial development in residential neighbourhoods is a common type of land-use conflict that can dramatically exacerbate these potential conflicts. Over the recent decades, many affluent neighbourhoods of Tehran Metropolis (the capital of Iran) have been confronted with an unbridled development of commercial activities within the residential areas. This paper seeks to understand the process of land-use change and its impacts on the residents’ quality of life in an affluent neighbourhood of Tehran Metropolis (Gisha Neighbourhood) by adopting a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods of impact assessment including semi-structured interview, purposeful field survey, and traffic survey. The results yield that incompatible land-use policies of the Tehran Comprehensive Plan and structural defects in the land-use change regulations led to an unbridled process of commercialisation which intensified non-local activities with city/regional service coverage along the main streets of Gisha Neighbourhood. The analysis demonstrates that despite improving the accessibility of residents to urban facilities and reducing their travel time/cost, the process of land-use changes in Gisha Neighbourhood declined the residents’ quality of life by its considerable negative effects on socio-cultural structures, landuse patterns, traffic flow, and human health in the residential areas of the neighbourhood.
Moral wrongs, indigeneity and the enactment of farmer-herder conflicts violence in South-Eastern Nigeria
Authors: Nwankwo Cletus Famous , Okafor Uchenna Paulinus
Published: January 2022

Existing studies of the farmer-herder conflicts (FHCs) in Nigeria have not explored the political ecology of the conflict in South-Eastern Nigeria (SEN). Using the political ecology framework (PEF), the paper examines the nature of the FHCs in Nimbo and Awgu areas in SEN. Data were collected through field observations and in-depth interviews. The paper shows that resource scarcity or reduced farming and grazing spaces did not engender violent FHCs in the study area. Instead, actions of the actors that are perceived to be morally wrong are critical. Allegations of moral transgression such as rape, kidnapping by herders and claims that a herder was used as a sacrifice by villagers triggered the violent episode. The pastoralists are discriminated against on the ground of indigenous belonging only after being alleged to have morally transgressed by kidnapping and raping women. However, on the ground that a herder was allegedly used as a sacrifice, they felt also wronged. While the herders are discriminated against based on their non-belonging in the community because they are not indigenous, they have mount resistance by emphasising their citizenship rights and using force to maintain access to grazing spaces, thereby amplifying the farmer-herder tensions. Thus, while identity has contributed to the FHCs violence, moral wrongs enacted and amplified it. The paper contributes to the literature by arguing that while what triggers FHCs may be moral wrongs, moral transgressions can heighten identity constructions that get implicated in practices of exclusion.
Landslides in Central Asia: a review of papers published in 2000–2020 with a particular focus on the importance of GIS and remote sensing techniques
Authors: Khasanov Sayidjakhon , Juliev Mukhiddin , Uzbekov Umidkhon , Aslanov Ilhomjon , Agzamova Inobat , Normatova Nasiba , Islamov Sohib , Goziev Giyosiddin , Khodjaeva Sevarakhon , Holov Nabijon
Published: January 2022

Landslides are among the major environmental hazards with large-scale socio-economic and environmental impacts that jeopardize socio-economic wellbeing in mountainous regions. Landslides are due to the interaction of several complex factors such as local or regional geology, geomorphology, topography, and seismic motions. The goal of this study is to review published articles on causes and effects of landslides in Central Asia throughout 2000–2020. In line with this goal, we have collected (using Scopus database), reviewed, and analyzed 79 papers published during 2000–2020. Our results revealed an increasing number of landslide studies in Central Asia during the period under investigation, with authors from Belgium dominating in the published outcomes (28% of total), followed by authors from Central-Asian countries. After then, the paper analyses the mostly applied models and frequently identified driving conditions and triggers of landsliding, such as aspect, altitude, soil types, precipitation, earthquakes and human interventions. Geographic information system (GIS) and remote sensing (RS) had not commonly been used in the papers between 2000 and 2010, and they have progressively been applied in landslide studies in Central Asia in the last decade. According to our analysis, geotechnical, geophysical and statistical methods were preferably used for the landslide studies in Central Asia.