bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A New Generated Family of Distributions: Statistical Properties and Applications with Real-Life Data
Authors: Okutu John Kwadey , Frempong Nana K. , Appiah Simon K. , Adebanji Atinuke O.
Published: September 2023

Several standard distributions can be used to model lifetime data. Nevertheless, a number of these datasets from diverse fields such as engineering, finance, the environment, biological sciences, and others may not fit the standard distributions. As a result, there is a need to develop new distributions that incorporate a high degree of skewness and kurtosis while improving the degree of goodness-of-fit in empirical distributions. In this study, by applying the T-X method, we proposed a new flexible generated family, the Ramos-Louzada Generator (RL-G) with some relevant statistical properties such as quantile function, raw moments, incomplete moments, measures of inequality, entropy, mean and median deviations, and the reliability parameter. The RL-G family has the ability to model “right,” “left,” and “symmetric” data as well as different shapes of the hazard function. The maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) method has been used to estimate the parameters of the RL-G. The asymptotic performance of the MLE is assessed by simulation analysis. Finally, the flexibility of the RL-G family is demonstrated through the application of three real complete datasets from rainfall, breaking stress of carbon fibers, and survival times of hypertension patients, and it is evident that the RL-Weibull, which is a special case of the RL-G family, outperformed its submodels and other distributions.
Efficacy of Different Irrigant Activation Systems on Debris and Smear Layer Removal: A Scanning Electron Microscopy Evaluation
Authors: Wigler Ronald , Herteanu Moran , Wilchfort Yuval , Kfir Anda
Published: September 2023

Background. Irrigation is an essential component of root canal treatment to enable cleaning beyond the reach of mechanical instruments. The study aimed to assess and compare the efficacy of different final irrigation protocols, including sonic- and ultrasonic-powered irrigant-activation systems, on debris and smear layer removal in the coronal, middle, and apical thirds of straight oval root canals. Materials and Methods. Straight oval root canals of 60 human mandibular incisors were prepared to size 40.04 and divided into four groups (n = 15) according to the final irrigation protocols: (a) Eddy sonic activation (b) endosonic passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI), (c) irrisafe PUI, and (d) manual syringe and needle irrigation with no additional activation, which served as control. After the treatment procedures, the roots were split and observed using scanning electron microscopy. The presence of remaining debris and smear layer at the coronal, mid-root, and apical thirds of the canals were evaluated using a score system and statistically analyzed using multinominal models with significance level set at

p
<
0.05

. Results. None of the final irrigation protocols completely removed all debris and smear layer from all root canals. When the syringe and needle were used without activation, more debris and smear layer were found in the apical third of the canals. Activation of the final irrigant with each of the three devices significantly reduced the presence of debris in the apical third, compared to the syringe and needle final irrigation, with no difference among the three activation devices. Eddy and irrisafe activation also significantly reduced the residual smear layer in the apical third, compared to syringe and needle alone, while the reduction in the remaining smear layer by endosonic activation did not reach the significance level. Conclusions. Removal of debris and smear layer from the apical part of the root canal by syringe and needle irrigation alone may be significantly improved by using sonic or ultrasonic activation of the final irrigant. Endosonic activation was less effective in removal of smear layer from the apical part of the canals compared to the other two activation systems.
Development and Internal Validation of Machine Learning Algorithms for Determining Sodium Valproate Concentrations below the Standard Level Using a Risk Prediction Model of Children with Epilepsy
Authors: Yao Yinhui , Zhao Jingyi , Wang Ying , Qiu Wei , Lin Yingxue , Zang Yaru
Published: September 2023

Background. There is a narrow therapeutic window for sodium valproate, and the blood concentration is too low to control epilepsy, while it is easy to poison the body if the concentration is too high. It is therefore necessary to monitor drug concentration reasonably in order to control epilepsy. The purpose of this study was to establish a model for predicting concentrations of sodium valproate below 50 μg/mL in children with epilepsy. Methods. The clinical data and biochemical examination results of children with epilepsy treated in the pediatric outpatient department of our hospital from June 2019 to March 2022 were retrospectively collected and divided into a development group and a validation group according to a patient ratio of 8 to 2. Five machine learning algorithms were used to identify the key variable factors, and a risk prediction model for sodium valproate blood concentrations lower than the standard concentration was established. The area under the curve (AUC), calibration curve, GiViTi calibration band, and clinical influence curve were used to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy and clinical application value of the model. Results. A total of 525 children with epilepsy were enrolled. In the development group, the random forest algorithm performed best in predicting that the blood concentration of sodium valproate was lower than the standard concentration, showing the highest AUC (1.00). Six factors were determined as a nomogram to predict the incidence of low concentrations. In the validation group and the development group, the calibration curve, GiViTi calibration band, and clinical influence curve all performed well in the evaluation of the diagnostic efficacy and clinical application value of the model. Conclusions. This finding highlights the importance of examining biochemical indices in patients when data regarding the blood concentration of sodium valproate are lacking.
Combinatorial Treatment with PARP and MAPK Inhibitors Overcomes Phenotype Switch-Driven Drug Resistance in Advanced Melanoma
Authors: Ferretti Lorenza P. , Böhi Flurina , Leslie Pedrioli Deena M. , Cheng Phil F. , Ferrari Elena , Baumgaertner Petra , Alvarado-Diaz Abdiel , Sella Federica , Cereghetti Alessandra , Turko Patrick , Wright Roni H. , De Bock Katrien , Speiser Daniel E. , Ferrari Roberto , Levesque Mitchell P. , Hottiger Michael O.
Published: September 2023

Metastatic melanoma is either intrinsically resistant or rapidly acquires resistance to targeted therapy treatments, such as MAPK inhibitors (MAPKi). A leading cause of resistance to targeted therapy is a dynamic transition of melanoma cells from a proliferative to a highly invasive state, a phenomenon called phenotype switching. Mechanisms regulating phenotype switching represent potential targets for improving treatment of patients with melanoma. Using a drug screen targeting chromatin regulators in patient-derived three-dimensional MAPKi-resistant melanoma cell cultures, we discovered that PARP inhibitors (PARPi) restore sensitivity to MAPKis, independent of DNA damage repair pathways. Integrated transcriptomic, proteomic, and epigenomic analyses demonstrated that PARPis induce lysosomal autophagic cell death, accompanied by enhanced mitochondrial lipid metabolism that ultimately increases antigen presentation and sensitivity to T-cell cytotoxicity. Moreover, transcriptomic and epigenetic rearrangements induced by PARP inhibition reversed epithelial–mesenchymal transition-like phenotype switching, which redirected melanoma cells toward a proliferative and MAPKi-sensitive state. The combination of PARP and MAPKis synergistically induced cancer cell death both in vitro and in vivo in patient-derived xenograft models. Therefore, this study provides a scientific rationale for treating patients with melanoma with PARPis in combination with MAPKis to abrogate acquired therapy resistance.

Significance:

PARP inhibitors can overcome resistance to MAPK inhibitors by activating autophagic cell death and reversing phenotype switching, suggesting that this synergistic combination could help improve the prognosis of patients with melanoma.
Supplementary Figure S6 from Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Cells Regulate NLRP3 Activation to Generate a Tolerogenic Microenvironment
Authors: Amo-Aparicio Jesus , Dominguez Adrian , Atif Shaikh M. , Dinarello Alberto , Azam Tania , Alula Kibrom M. , Piper Miles , Lieu Christopher H. , Lentz Robert W. , Leal Alexis D. , Bagby Stacey M. , Messersmith Wells A. , Karam Sana D. , Dinarello Charles A. , Pitts Todd M. , Marchetti Carlo
Published: September 2023

Effect of anti-CSF-1R on T cells
Supplementary Figure S4 from Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Cells Regulate NLRP3 Activation to Generate a Tolerogenic Microenvironment
Authors: Amo-Aparicio Jesus , Dominguez Adrian , Atif Shaikh M. , Dinarello Alberto , Azam Tania , Alula Kibrom M. , Piper Miles , Lieu Christopher H. , Lentz Robert W. , Leal Alexis D. , Bagby Stacey M. , Messersmith Wells A. , Karam Sana D. , Dinarello Charles A. , Pitts Todd M. , Marchetti Carlo
Published: September 2023

Comparison of tumor growth in Nlrp3-/- mice treated with OLT1177
FIGURE 1 from Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Cells Regulate NLRP3 Activation to Generate a Tolerogenic Microenvironment
Authors: Amo-Aparicio Jesus , Dominguez Adrian , Atif Shaikh M. , Dinarello Alberto , Azam Tania , Alula Kibrom M. , Piper Miles , Lieu Christopher H. , Lentz Robert W. , Leal Alexis D. , Bagby Stacey M. , Messersmith Wells A. , Karam Sana D. , Dinarello Charles A. , Pitts Todd M. , Marchetti Carlo
Published: September 2023

NLRP3 expression and activation are increased in PDAC biopsy. A, NLRP3, ASC, IL1β, and IL18 median expression levels in human PDAC biopsy and normal pancreas samples (TCGA dataset). B, Immunofluorescence staining from NLRP3 (red) and ASC (green) in biopsy of normal pancreas (n = 2) and patients with PDAC (n = 4). Each row represents a single patient. C, Quantification of ASC specks–like structure samples in B. *, P < 0.05.
Data from Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Cells Regulate NLRP3 Activation to Generate a Tolerogenic Microenvironment
Authors: Amo-Aparicio Jesus , Dominguez Adrian , Atif Shaikh M. , Dinarello Alberto , Azam Tania , Alula Kibrom M. , Piper Miles , Lieu Christopher H. , Lentz Robert W. , Leal Alexis D. , Bagby Stacey M. , Messersmith Wells A. , Karam Sana D. , Dinarello Charles A. , Pitts Todd M. , Marchetti Carlo
Published: September 2023

Defining feature of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) that participates in the high mortality rate and drug resistance is the immune-tolerant microenvironment which enables tumors to progress unabated by adaptive immunity. In this study, we report that PDAC cells release CSF-1 to induce nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich containing family, pyrin domain-containing-3 (NLRP3) activation in myeloid cells. Increased NLRP3 expression was found in the pancreas of patients with PDAC when compared with normal pancreas which correlated with the formation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. Using human primary cells and an orthotopic PDAC mouse model, we show that NLRP3 activation is responsible for the maturation and release of the inflammatory cytokine IL1β which selectively drives Th2-type inflammation via COX2/PGE2 induction. As a result of this inflammation, primary tumors were characterized by reduced cytotoxic CD8+ T-cell activation and increased tumor expansion. Genetic deletion and pharmacologic inhibition of NLRP3 enabled the development of Th1 immunity, increased intratumoral levels of IL2, CD8+ T cell–mediated tumor suppression, and ultimately limited tumor growth. In addition, we observed that NLRP3 inhibition in combination with gemcitabine significantly increased the efficacy of the chemotherapy. In conclusion, this study provides a mechanism by which tumor-mediated NLRP3 activation exploits a distinct adaptive immunity response that facilitates tumor escape and progression. Considering the ability to block NLRP3 activity with safe and small orally active molecules, this protein represents a new promising target to improve the limited therapeutic options in PDAC.
Significant:
This study provides novel molecular insights on how PDAC cells exploit NLRP3 activation to suppress CD8 T-cell activation. From a translational perspective, we demonstrate that the combination of gemcitabine with the orally active NLRP3 inhibitor OLT1177 increases the efficacy of monotherapy.
Universal Prostitution: Francis Picabia's Diagrams of Proletarianization
Authors: Mansoor Jaleh
Published: September 2023

This essay argues that the diagram and mechanomorph, those idioms for which Francis Picabia is most known in the history of the avant-garde, pushed past representation on the one hand and aesthetic abstraction on the other to access and articulate the historical specificity of the emergent proletarian subject position. Split between human labor bearer and source of abstract labor, the worker becomes both appendage and analog to productive technology as a node in the circulation of value. Borrowing language from Marx, who used the term “universal prostitution” to describe surplus-value-productive, or modern, labor that not only internally divides but also pits the worker against her or his own interests, Picabia's work investigates the advent of the post-human as a function of value. In this sense, his work is indicative of “real,” or concrete, abstraction.
Ahlam Shibli's Death and Photography in
Arabic: A Letter from a Pillar of Salt
Authors: Feldman Hannah
Published: September 2023

This letter turns to late-nineteenth-century understandings of photography in Arabic as al-taswir al-shamsi—which translates roughly as “solar imaging”—to read a suite of photographs by Ahlam Shibli that depicts the ways in which martyrs of the second intifada are remembered in Nablus. Drawing on connotations embedded in the Arabic term taswir and in a careful study of the way light works in Shibli's photographs, the letter—addressed to you from a person who identifies as a pillar of salt, stuck, looking back but wanting to move forward—makes the argument that, far from indexing a past built on death and displacement, the photographs give light to an alternate social reality in which the Palestinian lives free from the constraints of life as the Israeli's have allowed it, which is to say life as a condition of death.
The Intersection of Identities: Access to Primary Education in Kamrup District of Assam
Authors: Das Sikha , Mallick Sambit
Published: September 2023

Access to primary education is often interpreted as access to school education, resources inside and outside the school, the way different children are treated by teachers and peers, and even access to distinct types of schools. However, different resources are not accessible to all members of a particular social system based on their intersectional identities. The intersection of identities may be gender, caste, class, region, religion, race, and age group in the context of Assam located in the North Eastern Region of India. Further, ‘access’ is a ‘socio-cultural’ construct that involves selection and multiple interpretations. Access to primary education is linked to the socioeconomic, political, and cultural identity of an individual or a group of individuals. It is against this backdrop that this article attempts to understand the experiences and interpretations of access to primary education from an intersectional perspective. The study is based on the in-depth personal interviews with students, teachers, and parents (in total, 75 respondents) in Kamrup district of Assam, located in the North Eastern Region of India, to understand differing perspectives on access to primary education, which reflect their socioeconomic, cultural, and political locales.
Short-chain fatty acids inhibit the activation of T lymphocytes and myeloid cells and induce innate immune tolerance
Authors: Porbahaie M. , Hummel A. , Saouadogo H. , Coelho R.M.L. , Savelkoul H.F.J. , Teodorowicz M. , van Neerven R.J.J.
Published: September 2023

The intestinal microbiota contributes to gut immune homeostasis, where short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) function as the major mediators. We aimed to elucidate the immunomodulatory effects of acetate, propionate, and butyrate. With that in mind, we sought to characterise the expression of SCFA receptors and transporters as well as SCFAs’ impact on the activation of different immune cells. Whereas all three SCFAs decreased tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α production in activated T cells, only butyrate and propionate inhibited interferon (IFN)-γ, interleukin (IL)-17, IL-13, and IL-10 production. Butyrate and propionate inhibited the expression of the chemokine receptors CCR9 and CCR10 in activated T- and B-cells, respectively. Similarly, butyrate and propionate were effective inhibitors of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-10 production in myeloid cells upon lipopolysaccharide and R848 stimulation. Acetate was less efficient at inhibiting cytokine production except for IFN-α. Moreover, SCFAs inhibited the production of IL-6 and TNF-α in monocytes, myeloid dendritic cells (mDC), and plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC), whereas acetate effects were relatively more prominent in pDCs. In monocytes and mDCs, acetate was a less efficient inhibitor, but it was equally effective in inhibiting pDCs activation. We also studied the ability of SCFAs to induce trained immunity or tolerance. Butyrate and propionate – but not acetate – prevented Toll-like receptor-mediated activation in SCFA-trained cells, as demonstrated by a reduced production of IL-6 and TNF-α. Our findings indicate that butyrate and propionate are equally efficient in inhibiting the adaptive and innate immune response and did not induce trained immunity. The findings may be explained by differential SCFA receptor and transporter expression profiles of the immune cells.
Printing a Transregional Ṭarīqa: Haji Imdadullah Makki (d. 1899) and Sufi Contestations from Thana Bhavan to Istanbul
Authors: Baig Sohaib
Published: September 2023

This article analyzes the prominence of print in the Sufi ṭarīqa of Haji Imdadullah Muhajir Makki (d. 1899), a pre-eminent Indian Chishti-Sabri shaykh who settled in the Ottoman Hijaz after escaping North India in the aftermath of the 1857 mutiny. It explores the transregional contexts of the publication of Haji Imdadullah’s works, in the long journey of his manuscripts from Mecca to their lithographic printing in North India and their distribution through Ottoman disciples as far as Istanbul. In this study two main lines of inquiry are followed. First, how did Imdadullah participate intimately from Mecca in the editing and publication of Arabic, Urdu, and Persian books in British India, including his famed commentary and critical edition of the Masnavi-yi Maʿnavi of Jalal al-Din Rumi (d. 1273)? Second, the article follows the emergence of broader scholarly exchanges as a series of Istanbul-based Mevlevi shaykhs became invested in Imdadullah’s publications and even translated some from Persian to Ottoman Turkish. Ultimately, this article sheds light on how such Indian – Ottoman encounters in the Hijaz were catalyzed by a common investment in the Persianate disciplines of Sufi theology and classical Persian poetry in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, a period typically seen as marking the shrinking and disintegration of the Persianate world. In so doing, the article highlights how modern Sufi discourse in Persian continued to facilitate intellectual exchange between Indian and Ottoman Sufi shaykhs through the Hijaz and formed an integral pillar of transregional Persianate print culture.
Alphabet Poems and other Urdu Religious Booklets
Authors: Orsini Francesca
Published: September 2023

Religious booklets formed a substantial part of the boom in commercial publishing and print culture in nineteenth and early-twentieth north India, cheaply available and widely reprinted by multiple publishers. This essay considers two popular texts that allow us to trace some of the range and of the linguistic and emotional contours of this production. Alif Be alphabet poems gesture towards the earlier history of Muslim oral traditions in north India. Short Wafātnāma verse narratives on the death of the Prophet Muhammad, conversely, were most likely produced by authors connected to Sunni reform movements and sought to focus their devotion on the Prophet alone.
How many species of genus Lernaeopoda Blainville, 1822 (Siphonostomatoida: Lernaeopodidae) are there in the southwestern Atlantic?
Authors: MONTES MARTIN M. , GÓMEZ SEBASTIÁN , CASTRO RAÚL R. , BOVCON NELSON , VETTORAZZI RENZO I. , SERRANO CLAUDIO F. , CARDARELLA GERMAN F. REIG , FERRARI WALTER , CUEVAS JUAN MARTIN , MARTORELLI SERGIO R.
Published: September 2023

The family Lernaeopodidae includes 14 genera parasitizing elasmobranchs. Fourteen species of this family have been cited from Argentina, four of which were found on chondrichthyans. Schroederichthys bivius Müller and Henle and Galeorhinus galeus (Linnaeus) from Argentina harbored parasitic copepods of the genus Lernaeopoda. The objective of this study was to identify the species using an integrative approach. The morphology was examined by Optical Microscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy and the molecular analysis was based on partial sequences of the COI mtDNA gene. Despite differences in the antenna, antennule, mandible, maxilliped and maxillae among the specimens, the morphological and molecular analyses revealed that they belonged to Lernaeopoda bivia Leigh-Sharpe, 1930. The species so far reported for Argentina are L. bivia and L. galei Krøyer, 1837, which are distinguished by the size (less and greater than 7 mm, respectively). Here, we report partial sequences of the COI mtDNA gene of L. bivia for the first time, obtained from eleven specimens attached to the mouth, fins, anal slit and claspers of the two shark hosts. The COI mtDNA gene tree shows that the Lernaeopoda group forms a sister clade with Pseudocharopinus bicaudatus (Krøyer, 1837), while the genus Pseudocharopinus does not appear to be a natural group. We propose that the material described from Argentinean waters as L. galei was misidentified and actually belongs to L. bivia. The wide variability within the specimens of L. bivia emphasizes the importance of using an integrative approach to revise the taxonomy of the Lernaeopoda species from all over the world.
The Technical System of Rapid Propagation with Photinia frasery Leaves Inducing Calli, First Generation Culture, Increasing Reproduction, Rooting and Training Seedlings to Transplant
Authors: Sun Lizhong , Chen Jing , Guo Tao , Hu Xiujin , Liu Tong
Published: September 2023

The explants of Photinia frasery with leaves were first generation cultured. And then, the calli which were induced by explants were cultured and proliferated, followed by the effective seedlings which were proliferation-targeted cultured, rooting-targeted cultured. Finally,
the seedlings are trained and transplanted. The study results showed: (1) Primary culture of Photinia frasery leaves, the best plant hormone combination in medium is: MS+0.4 mg · L−1BA+1.6 mg · L−1NAA; (2) The result of orthogonal test,
proliferation culture of Photinia frasery, the best plant hormone combination in medium is: MS+2.0 mg·L−1BA+0.1 mg·L−1IBA+2.0 mg·L−1GA+40 g sucrose; (3) Rooting culture of Photinia frasery, the best plant
hormone combination in medium is: 1/2MS+0.4 mg·L−1IBA. The results showed that different impacts of plant hormone type and concentration combination on the primary culture, reproducing culture and rooting culture of Photinia frasery leaves were obvious.
Research on the Effect of Coordinated Remediation of Heavy Metal Pollution in Roadbed Slope Soil by Combining Biochar with Reed
Authors: Jin Zhangli , Liu Gaopeng
Published: September 2023

This study investigated the effect of modified activated carbon combined with plants on the coordinated restoration of heavy metal pollution in roadbed slope soil. This study used wheat husks as raw materials, potassium hydroxide and permanganate as modifiers, and aquatic plant reeds
to remediate heavy metals in roadbed slope soil. The adsorption amount and removal rate of heavy metals Cu, Pb, and Cr were investigated under adsorbent dosage, adsorbent physical structure parameters, different pH environments, and ternary composite heavy metal body experimental conditions.
According to the experimental results, after activation, the total pore volume and total specific surface area of biochar increased significantly, 21.4 and 111.7 times those before activation, respectively. The order of removal rates of heavy metal ions by different adsorbents was Pb >
Cr > Cu. When the adsorbent was biochar–reed joint remediation, the maximum adsorption capacity of Cu, Pb, and Cr was 31.25, 136, and 52.3 mg/g. The adsorption capacities of the two adsorbents (biochar and biochar–reed) for Pb were the highest, and the adsorption sensitivity
of the adsorbents for Pb was higher than that for Cr and Cu. Under single-component conditions, the adsorption capacity of biochar to heavy metals Cu, Pb, and Cr was ranked as Pb > Cu > Cr. In a ternary solution system, the adsorption capacity of biochar to heavy metals Cu, Pb, and Cr
was ranked as Cu > Cr > Pb. Considering the adsorption capacity and removal rate of nutrient-rich substances, as well as the cost and effect of the use of the adsorbent, the recommended amount of the adsorbent was 4–6 g.
Constructed Nano-Microcapsule Coating Coated with AgNPs for Enhanced Antibacterial Activity Effectively
Authors: He Ke , Wu Yanqi , He Yanting , Jin Jun , Hu Qing , Wu Jia , Cui Guangxun , Zhang Jun , Liu Yong
Published: September 2023

With the continuous improvement of people’s requirements for the living environment, healthy and green living materials have been favored by the market. The development of nanotechnology provides a new direction for the research and development of healthy human settlement materials.
Nano-microcapsules are used as carriers to prepare new building coating materials with efficient antibacterial agents, which can achieve slow release and efficient antibacterial properties. It has important application value for improving bacterial pollution on indoor walls and providing a
clean-living environment. Silver nanoparticles coated with nano-microcapsules (AgNPs@PS-NMP) were prepared by one-step method for killing Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). SEM results showed that the particle size was about 500–600 nm, the particle size was uniform, the
degree of agglomeration was small, and the morphology was complete. The Zeta potential was approximately −18.8 mV. The coating construction performance, hydrophilicity, drying time of AgNPs@PS-NMP were investigated respectively. The antibacterial activity of AgNPs@PS-NMP was further
studied. The results showed that the nano-microcapsules had a good killing effect on S. aureus, and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) was 28 μg/mL. These results suggest that AgNPs@PS-NMP, as a new type of coating, not only has good coating properties but also excellent
antibacterial properties. It can be used as a potential antibacterial building material for hospitals, schools and other places.
Tripartite Motif Containing 66 Promotes Malignant Progression of Bladder Cancer by Activating Matrix Metallopeptidase 11
Authors: Xiao Jiguang , Xu Liming , Zheng Bo , Wu Zhun , Chen Jinqu
Published: September 2023

We aimed to investigate the pivotal role of Tripartite Motif Containing 66 (TRIM66) in bladder cancer (BCa) and elucidate its underlying mechanism in promoting BCa cell metastasis. Tumor and adjacent normal tissues were collected from 62 BCa patients, and TRIM66 was quantified using
quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The relationship between TRIM66 expression and clinical indicators, as well as patient prognosis, was analyzed. In addition, an in vitro model was established by silencing TRIM66 in a BCa cell line. The impact of TRIM66 on
BCa cell invasion and metastasis was evaluated through Transwell and cell wound healing assays. Through meticulous bioinformatics analysis and luciferase assays, we confirmed that TRIM66 specifically binds to Matrix Metallopeptidase 11 (MMP11). Moreover, mRNA expression analysis revealed a
positive correlation between TRIM66 and MMP11 in BCa tumor tissues. Intriguingly, in a cell recovery experiment, overexpression of MMP11 reversed the inhibition of migration and proliferation caused by TRIM66 downregulation. Collectively, our findings unequivocally indicate that heightened
TRIM66 expression is closely associated with a malignant phenotype in BCa tissues. Silencing TRIM66 significantly mitigates BCa cell metastasis in vitro by downregulating MMP11. These observations shed light on the critical involvement of the TRIM66-MMP11 axis in BCa progression, offering
promising avenues for therapeutic interventions targeting this pathway.
Progress of Photodynamic Therapy in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Using Nano/Microtechnology
Authors: Liu Lifeng , Chen Qiang
Published: September 2023

This article aims to examine the research advancements in photodynamic therapy (PDT) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) utilizing nano/microtechnology. The objective is to provide valuable insights for disease prevention and control in patients with liver cancer (LC). LC is a prevalent
form of cancer that inflicts significant suffering on patients. Early treatment plays a crucial role in improving the prognosis and enhancing the quality of life (QoL) for LC patients. While PDT has proven effective in treating surface and intracerebral tumors, studies focusing on intra-abdominal
tumors, particularly liver tumors, are limited. Hence, it is essential to comprehend the clinical value and therapeutic outcomes of PDT for LC, particularly in the context of nano/microtechnology. With rapid advancements in nanotechnology, its integration into the medical field has grown extensively.
By leveraging nanotechnology, the analysis of PDT’s effects on HCC yields significant clinical value. This article reviews the clinical diagnostic methods and therapeutic approaches for LC, emphasizes the impact of PDT on clinical outcomes for LC patients, and analyzes the progress of
PDT applied to HCC under the framework of nano/microtechnology. The findings aim to offer valuable references for the clinical treatment of LC patients.
Sinomenine promotes ferroptosis in lung cancer cells by driving P53 gene
Authors: Xiang Zhengkai , Wang Xiang , Li Bingfeng , Dong Xiaochuan
Published: September 2023

Research reports have found that sinomenine has a potentially inhibitory effect on lung cancer. At the same time, sinomenine and P53 gene show a close relationship with ferroptosis. In order to further discover the mechanism of action, this research intends to evaluate whether sinomenine
can drive P53 gene through DKN2A to promote the growth of iron in lung cancer. Lung cancer cells were transfected with DKN2A overexpression plasmid followed by analysis of cell proliferation, expression of DKN2A and P53. Protein expression and cell viability were observed after P53 was inhibited
by the chemical inhibitor PFT-α. To further verify histological expression, epithelial injury and apoptosis expression were detected by hematoxylin and eosin stain (H&E) and immunofluorescence. Sinomenine affects activities of lung cancer cells. After sinomenine treatment,
cell shape became round, with increased cell shrinkage and death. Overexpression of DKN2A inhibited sinomenine-induced ferroptosis. P53 negatively modulated DKN2A. STAT3 was upregulated with induction of ferroptosis during lung injury. In conclusion, Sinomenine promotes ferroptosis of lung
cancer cells by regulating DKN2A and P53, thereby affecting the proliferation of lung cancer cell proliferation.
Behaviour of hybrid fibre reinforced polymer (HyFRP) laminates on high strength concrete (HSC) beams under flexural loading
Authors: Somiyadevi P. , Ramasamy V.
Published: September 2023

In this paper, experimental studies of hybrid fibre reinforced polymer (HyFRP) laminates consisting of carbon ply fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) and glass ply fibre reinforced polymer (GFRP) are reported on in conjunction with studies of concrete beams with high strength (HSC) under
the category of with and without HyFRP laminates. The aim of this experimental work is to examine how alternative sequences of CFRP and GFRP ply of hybrid FRPs effect the enhancement of the high strength concrete beams. For the purpose of this study, there are a total of seventeen HSC beams
cast. One of the beams was cast without HyFRP to act as a guiding beam, and the residual sixteen beams were cast with HyFRP using reinforced concrete and various combinations of carbon ply fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) and glass ply fibre reinforced polymer (GFRP). The sequences in which
hybrid FRP layers are attached serve as the primary variables in this test. Concrete with reinforcements after laminating beams with two, three, and even four layers of HyFRP, a load was applied in the form of static to the beams until they failed. The findings of the tests lead one to the
conclusion that the repercussions of hybrid FRPs on the ductility of HSC beams are strengthened differently depending the order of the FRP layers.
Novel nano-siRNA delivery system loaded with anti-ESR1 siRNA for ovarian cancer clinical and nursing value assessment
Authors: Zhang Jin , Fan Wenhui
Published: September 2023

Globally, ovarian cancer is one of the most common cancers in women and one of the most common causes of cancer death. Researchers have been committed to investigating new treatment methods for ovarian cancer. In the present study, a new nano-siRNA delivery system loaded with anti-ESR1
siRNA was designed and synthesized. Its clinical and nursing value for ovarian cancer was evaluated, and the related mechanism was explored. First, the inhibitory activity of the new compound on the viability of ovarian cancer was measured via CCK-8 assay. Second, the relative expression of
the estrogen receptor in the ovarian cancer cells was determined through real-time RT-PCR detection. Results revealed that the novel nano-siRNA delivery system loaded with anti-ERα siRNA could negatively regulate the expression of ERα and suppress the progression
of ovarian cancer.
Total alkaloids of Sophora alopecuroides alleviate atherosclerosis by regulating macrophage pyroptosis induced by reactive oxygen species-NLRP3 signaling axis
Authors: Shi Yu , Han Bing , Li Xianchi , Yuan Xiaojing
Published: September 2023

Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are common diseases. This study aimed to investigate the role of total alkaloids of Sophora alopecuroides (TASA) in atherosclerosis and exploring the underlying mechanism. Mice were given normal diet (ND), high-fat diet (HFD), and TASA
plus ND or HFD. The mice were further administered with NLRP3 shRNA and shControl. After treatment, Hematoxylin and Eosin and Oil Red O staining assessed histological changes. CD31/caspase-1 double staining was detected by fluorescent staining and pyroptosis expression assessed by CD31/TUNEL
double staining. Western blot results determined caspase-1 expression in HFD mice. TASA treatment suppressed plaque formation in HFD-fed ApoE-/- mice but insignificantly altered the lesion area in ND-fed ApoE-/- mice. Caspase-1 content and TUNEL positive cells were significantly elevated in
mice fed with HFD or ND, whilst advent of TASA further enhanced the activation of caspase-1 in HFD mice. TASA treatment reduced activity of ROS, inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome and regulated macrophage pyroptosis. Inhibition of NLRP3 decreased the lesion area of atherosclerosis and lipid deposition.
TASA inhibited the expression of ROS to reduce macrophages necrosis and secretion of inflammatory mediators, thereby alleviating inflammation, delaying plaque formation and stabilizing plaques in atherosclerosis.
Estimating Individual Radio Occultation Uncertainties Using the Observations and Environmental Parameters
Authors: Sjoberg Jeremiah , Anthes Richard , Zhang Hailing
Published: September 2023

Estimation of uncertainties (random error statistics) of radio occultation (RO) observations is important for their effective assimilation in numerical weather prediction (NWP) models. Average uncertainties can be estimated for large samples of RO observations and these statistics may be used for specifying the observation errors in NWP data assimilation. However, the uncertainties of individual RO observations vary, and so using average uncertainty estimates will overestimate the uncertainties of some observations and underestimate those of others, reducing their overall effectiveness in the assimilation. Several parameters associated with RO observations or their atmospheric environments have been proposed to estimate individual RO errors. These include the standard deviation of bending angle (BA) departures from either climatology in the upper stratosphere and lower mesosphere (STDV) or the sample mean between 40 and 60 km (STD4060), the local spectral width (LSW), and the magnitude of the horizontal gradient of refractivity (|∇HN|). In this paper we show how the uncertainties of two RO datasets, COSMIC-2 and Spire BA, as well as their combination, vary with these parameters. We find that the uncertainties are highly correlated with STDV and STD4060 in the stratosphere, and with LSW and |∇HN| in the lower troposphere. These results suggest a hybrid error model for individual BA observations that uses an average statistical model of RO errors modified by STDV or STD4060 above 30 km, and LSW or |∇HN| below 8 km.

Significance Statement

These results contribute to the understanding of the sources of uncertainties in radio occultation observations. They could be used to improve the effectiveness of these observations in their assimilation into numerical weather prediction and reanalysis models by improving the estimation of their observational errors.
When Tricycles Speak: Language Practices and Ideology in Tricycle Texts in Nigeria
Authors: Mensah Eyo O. , Nyong Benjamin O. , Mensah Eyamba O. , Ayeni Queen O.
Published: September 2023

This article investigates the sociocultural aspects of street-related linguistic practices on commercial tricycles in Uyo metropolis, south-eastern Nigeria. Marginal urban texts on tricycles reveal a process of identity construction and the quest for ideological distinctiveness of the grassroots in articulating their spatial street wisdom. The study offers contextual analyses of tricycle texts to unpack how they reflect riders’ social conditions, and problematise how riders relate their subjectivities to the audience in the mobile urban space. We conclude that tricycle texts bring to light creative aspects of a local subculture that lends a voice to a marginalised segment of the society.
Novel reduced kernel independent component analysis for process monitoring
Authors: Liu Meizhi , Kong Xiangyu , Luo Jiayu , Yang Zhiyan , Yang Lei
Published: September 2023

Kernel independent component analysis (KICA), as a nonlinear extension monitoring method of independent component analysis (ICA), has attracted significant attention. To accomplish different monitoring tasks for nonlinear systems with non-Gaussian data distribution, many modified algorithms based on KICA have also been designed. However, most of the existing methods suffer from defects; for example, the computation time increases with the number of training samples and the models are insensitive to minor faults. Nevertheless, there is currently limited research on addressing these defects, which greatly limits their application in industrial processes. To fill these gaps, a novel reduced kernel independent component analysis (NRKICA) method is proposed to reduce the computation complexity and improve the ability of minor fault detection at the same time. In this approach, an important factor is defined to measure the ability of the samples to represent the properties of the system. In addition, then the top-n important observations are selected to build a data dictionary. To improve the sensitivity to minor faults, the [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] statistics are redesigned by introducing information from past observations. Besides, the kernel parameter is optimized by the tabu search algorithm. The proposed method is applied to fault detection with a numerical example and the Tennessee Eastman process (TEP), and the experimental results verify the effectiveness and sensitivity of the proposed method.
Collaborative optimization of driving support technology in the W3233 working face return airway
Authors: Yang Ziyi , Li Yingfu , Kong Peng , Zhu Zhigang , Wang Zulin , Wang Guowei
Published: September 2023

Deep-shaft mining in roadway stress concentration, difficult control of the surrounding rock, and mining imbalance affect mining efficiency in coal mines. The mechanical parameters and crack development law of roadway surrounding rock were studied by laboratory experiments. The mechanical model was established by the method of theoretical analysis, the maximum empty roof distance was deduced, and two support schemes were designed. Through the numerical simulation method, the support scheme was compared and analyzed, the deformation rule of roadway surrounding rock, the optimization of roadway support parameters and the application of hysteresis technology are studied. The effect of different support schemes was verified by three-dimensional similar simulation experiments. The practical engineering verification showed that the construction time of each support circle was reduced by approximately 1 h, and the work was completed 60 days earlier. The research showed that the optimal support scheme was support scheme 1 (7 bolts with 800 mm × 1000 mm spacing between the roof, 10 bolts with 800 mm × 1000 mm spacing between the two sides, and 2 × 1 × 2 cables with 1600 mm × 2000 mm spacing between the roof). Support scheme 1 was applied to the engineering site to control the deformation of surrounding rock at 80 mm, and the deformation was less than the original support scheme. The construction was completed in advance under the hysteresis process, and the support efficiency and operation safety were improved. The results revealed the mechanism of surrounding rock control and proved the effectiveness of digging support synergy. This optimization plan serves as a reference for studying roadway support in rapid excavation and provides theoretical support for safe and efficient coal roadway mining.
Increased task-relevant fMRI responsiveness in comatose cardiac arrest patients is associated with improved neurologic outcomes
Authors: Dhakal Kiran , Rosenthal Eric S , Kulpanowski Annelise M , Dodelson Jacob A , Wang Zihao , Cudemus-Deseda Gaston , Villien Marjorie , Edlow Brian L , Presciutti Alexander M , Januzzi James L , Ning MingMing , Taylor Kimberly W , Amorim Edilberto , Brandon Westover M , Copen William A , Schaefer Pamela W , Giacino Joseph T , Greer David M , Wu Ona
Published: September 2023

Early prediction of the recovery of consciousness in comatose cardiac arrest patients remains challenging. We prospectively studied task-relevant fMRI responses in 19 comatose cardiac arrest patients and five healthy controls to assess the fMRI’s utility for neuroprognostication. Tasks involved instrumental music listening, forward and backward language listening, and motor imagery. Task-specific reference images were created from group-level fMRI responses from the healthy controls. Dice scores measured the overlap of individual subject-level fMRI responses with the reference images. Task-relevant responsiveness index (Rindex) was calculated as the maximum Dice score across the four tasks. Correlation analyses showed that increased Dice scores were significantly associated with arousal recovery ( P < 0.05) and emergence from the minimally conscious state (EMCS) by one year ( P < 0.001) for all tasks except motor imagery. Greater Rindex was significantly correlated with improved arousal recovery (P = 0.002) and consciousness (P = 0.001). For patients who survived to discharge ( n = 6), the Rindex’s sensitivity was 75% for predicting EMCS (n = 4). Task-based fMRI holds promise for detecting covert consciousness in comatose cardiac arrest patients, but further studies are needed to confirm these findings. Caution is necessary when interpreting the absence of task-relevant fMRI responses as a surrogate for inevitable poor neurological prognosis.
PD-L1 testing in metastatic triple negative breast cancer: Results of an Italian survey
Authors: Cerbelli Bruna , Cirillo Alessio , Pomati Giulia , Pernazza Angelina , Ascione Andrea , Pisegna Simona , Pisano Annalinda , Leopizzi Martina , Pignataro Maria Gemma , Costarelli Leopoldo , Mulè Antonino , Vecchione Andrea , Catalano Piera , Coppola Luigi , Perrone Giuseppe , Perracchio Letizia , Anemona Lucia , Mastracchio Antonio , Nardi Stefano , Reitano Renato , Massari Annalisa , Grillo Lucia Rosalba , Liberati Fabrizio , Della Rocca Carlo , Marchetti Paolo , Botticelli Andrea , D’Amati Giulia
Published: September 2023

Background:

Immunotherapy has revolutionized the approach to metastatic triple-negative breast cancers. Atezolizumab was approved for patients with metastatic triple-negative breast cancers whose tumors express PD-L1, determined by SP 142 assay. To assess the availability and practice of SP142 test we administered a survey to all the 15 pathology departments of the Lazio Region during a six-month period.

Methods:

The survey comprised 12 questions regarding the availability of SP142 in the pathology departments, the percentage of positive tests, the difficulties of pathologists in cases close to cut-off value and the tested samples.

Results:

The SP142 assay was available in only eight centers. In case of positive result, most centers (5/8, 62.5%) reported values of PD-L1 expression ranging from > 1 to ⩽ 5%, with values close to the cut-off point (⩾ 1% or < 1%) being the greatest challenge. Most of the centers (6/8, 75%) tested material from both their own and other hospitals. In most centers, the evaluations were performed either on primary tumors or metastasis, in particular lymph nodes (5/8, 62.5%), followed by lung (3/8, 37.5%) and liver (1/8, 12.5%) metastasis.

Conclusion:

Our results raise some important issues concerning the evaluation of PD-L1 in the “real-life” setting, providing strategies for its implementation.