bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cosine Gompertz Distribution: Properties, Simulation and Application to Covid-19 and Reliability Engineering Datasets
Authors: Bashiru Sule , Isa Alhaji , Ali Ibrahim
Published: February 2025

This study presents the cosine Gompertz (COG) distribution, which is developed by integrating the cosine generator with the traditional Gompertz distribution. The research explores various statistical characteristics of the COG distribution, and the model parameters are estimated using the maximum likelihood estimation method. It is shown that the hazard rate function of the COG distribution increases monotonically. The probability density function (PDF) of the COG distribution exhibits a range of shapes, including increasing-decreasing, approximately symmetric, and right-skewed patterns. Monte Carlo simulations demonstrate that the estimators for the COG model are consistent, as evidenced by the observed reduction in absolute bias and root mean square error with increasing sample sizes, indicating improved accuracy of the estimators as the number of observations grows. The COG distribution is tested on two real-life datasets and compared with other existing lifetime distributions. The findings suggest that the COG distribution offers a superior fit to both datasets compared to the alternative distributions.
Importance of product carbon footprints in sustainable procurement
Authors: Thanawala Zaid
Published: February 2025

Sustainable procurement is increasingly prioritized alongside cost considerations, as organizations recognize its environmental, social, and economic benefits. By integrating sustainability into purchasing decisions, businesses can reduce their ecological footprint, promote ethical sourcing, and enhance long-term cost efficiency. A key component of sustainable procurement is the use of Product Carbon Footprints (PCFs), which quantify greenhouse gas emissions across a product’s lifecycle. PCFs enable organizations to make data-driven procurement choices, select low-emission suppliers, and comply with evolving regulatory standards. Additionally, procurement maturity models help organizations transition from cost-focused decision-making to strategic sustainability integration. Effective supplier management further enhances sustainability efforts by ensuring adherence to environmental standards like ISO 14067. While challenges such as higher initial costs and supplier resistance persist, leveraging digital tools and AI-driven analytics facilitates carbon footprint reduction across supply chains. This paper highlights sustainable procurement’s role in balancing cost-effectiveness with environmental responsibility, fostering long-term resilience and competitive advantage.
Connected architecture: A catalyst for modern enterprise transformation
Authors: Peddisetty Namratha
Published: February 2025

Connected architecture has revolutionized modern enterprises by enhancing operational efficiency, streamlining communication, and integrating data seamlessly. By interconnecting various systems and platforms, it facilitates real-time decision-making, thereby accelerating innovation in the digital era. This transformative framework ensures that enterprises can respond swiftly to dynamic business environments, fostering agility and sustained growth. This paper explores some very fundamental concepts of connected architecture, its benefits, and challenges accompanying the implementation process. Key strategies on overcoming these challenges are also discussed together with a case study showing successful adoptions. Key findings from this have been that connected architecture is very vital in any given enterprise for its digital transformation and business resilience. The paper aims to provide insights to enterprises that are desirous of maximizing the potential for connected architecture with a well-balanced discussion of the opportunities and challenges.
Secure File Storage on Cloud Using Hybrid Cryptography
Authors: Jesse Ismaila* , Victoria Sabo
Published: February 2025

For decades, cloud computing has empowered the wide spread and storage of information. Its evolution has provisioned concepts for ubiquitous computing enabling accessibility to individual records without barriers to location. However, the proliferation of cloud computing provision a forum for cybercriminal to experiment. Lately, cyber-crimes proliferation has been of great concern to researchers. This have given this study the impetus to evaluate the performance of the Chacha20 and ECC algorithm while hybridizing it with added layer of security. The performance of the algorithms was evaluated against some metric including the file size and encryption and decryption time. The implemented algorithms were further compared with some of the state-of-the-art algorithm. The comparison shows that the implemented ECC and Chacha20 algorithm performed better compared to some of the compared state of the art algorithm.
Current Applied Science and Technology Annual Report 2024
Authors: Thanaboripat Dusanee
Published: February 2025

Current Applied Science and Technology journal (e-ISSN: 2586-9396), formerly KMITL Science and Technology Journal, has been published by King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang (KMITL) since its inception as KMITL Science Journal in 2001. In 2010, the journal was published both in print and electronic forms. The journal, then, had its title renamed to Current Applied Science and Technology, and had been focusing on online publishing only since 2017 (volume 17 issue 2). Current Applied Science and Technology journal was submitted to Scopus database on 3 December 2018 via TCI-TSRI-Scopus Collaboration Project. The journal was accepted and indexed in Scopus on 14 January 2019. Current Applied Science and Technology journal is under the responsibility of the Office of Academic Journal Administration (OJA), the President’s Office, KMITL and is indexed in Scopus, ACI, TCI Tier 1, and Google Scholar
Consumer purchase decisions of pressure cooker – A retailer centric study
Authors:   Associate Professor, Mepco School of Management Studies, Mepco Schlenk Engineering College, Sivakasi-626005,, Kannan Dr.K.
Published: February 2025

This study investigates the consumer purchase habits of pressure cookers with a focus on retailer-centric factors. The research aims to understand how various retail strategies, in-store promotions, and consumer preferences influence the purchasing decisions of customers in the market for pressure cookers. By analysing data collected from surveys from multiple retail outlets, this study identifies key determinants such as brand loyalty, price sensitivity, product features, and the impact of in-store experiences on consumer behaviour

Keywords (purchase decision, promotion, price, features)
The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on the Film Industry: A Research Study
Authors: Reddy Chadive Vivekananda
Published: February 2025

This paper discusses how artificial intelligence changes filmmaking. It is done by critically analysing literature, providing a historical analysis, and conducting primary research, including a survey of 100 respondents, through which this paper will critically assess the use of AI in filmmaking, specifically in writing, casting, visual effects, and marketing. Against this backdrop, the research will assess the advantages and disadvantages of AI adoption, analyse how AI has contributed to creativity and efficiency, and come up with recommendations on the future of AI in film.

Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Film Industry, Machine Learning, Deep Learning, Visual Effects, Scriptwriting, Casting, Marketing, Creativity, Efficiency, Innovation
Road Accident Detection Using Maching Learning
Authors:   Asst. Professor, Dept. of Computer Science & Engineering, Rajeev Institute of Technology, Hassan, Parveen Ruksar
Published: February 2025

Road accidents are a major cause of fatalities worldwide, necessitating rapid detection and response systems. This project presents an IoT-based road accident detection system using machine learning to automatically identify accidents, assess their severity, and notify emergency services in real-time. The system integrates accelerometers, gyroscopes, GPS, and gas sensors with a microcontroller (ESP32/Raspberry Pi) to collect real-time vehicular data. A machine learning model, trained using Random Forest, SVM, or deep learning algorithms, processes sensor data to distinguish between normal driving behavior and accidents. Upon detecting an accident, the system triggers an alert mechanism, sending real- time location details via SMS, email, or cloud-based notifications to emergency contacts and rescue services. Additionally, a mobile or web application provides a user- friendly interface for monitoring accident reports.

Key words: IoT, Machine Learning, Road Accident Detection, Smart Transportation, Emergency Response, Real-time Monitoring, GPS Tracking, Traffic Safety, AI in Transportation.
Weather Forecasting System
Authors:   Department of Electrical Engineering, P R Pote Patil College of Engineering and Management, Amravati,  Maharashtra., Kadu, Shrutika
Published: February 2025

The IoT-Based Weather Forecasting System is an advanced embedded solution designed for smart agriculture and environmental monitoring. This system leverages IoT and embedded technology to provide real-time data collection and remote-control accessibility across India. It integrates various sensors to monitor real-time temperature, humidity, and soil moisture, ensuring continuous environmental tracking. The collected data is transmitted to a mobile application and a cloud server for seamless monitoring. A key feature of this system is its wild animal detection mechanism, which sends instant alerts to the owner, enhancing farm security. Additionally, the system includes a hazard alarm siren, which can be remotely turned on and off to warn against potential threats. The project also integrates an automated fire response system that activates a water pump upon fire detection, minimizing damage risks. Furthermore, an automatic farm cover mechanism ensures protection against rain by closing the cover when rainfall is detected.

Keywords—. Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP). Atmospheric Modeling. Weather Radar. Satellite Imagery
Cybershield Monitor Using Deep Learning and BERT Model
Authors:   Assistant Professor SG, Department of Computer Applications, Nehru College of Management, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India, Nandhini A.
Published: February 2025

Cyberbullying has emerged as a significant issue in the digital age, impacting the mental health and well-being of individuals, particularly among youth. This paper presents a novel approach for detecting cyberbullying using deep learning techniques, specifically leveraging the BERT (Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers) model. Our methodology involves collecting a comprehensive dataset of labeled text samples, encompassing instances of cyberbullying and non-cyberbullying comments. We preprocess the data by cleaning and tokenizing the text to prepare it for model training. Cyberbullying has become a pervasive issue on social media platforms, causing significant harm to individuals, particularly young people. This project proposes a novel approach to detect cyberbullying using a deep learning model based on the BERT (Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers) algorithm. BERT is a state-of-the-art language model that has demonstrated exceptional performance in various natural language processing tasks. The proposed model leverages BERT's ability to understand the context of text and capture semantic and syntactic information to effectively identify cyberbullying instances. The model is trained on a large dataset of social media posts, including both cyberbullying and non-cyberbullying content. During the training process, the model learns to identify patterns and features associated with cyberbullying, such as the use of abusive language, threats, and personal attacks.

The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model in accurately detecting cyberbullying with high precision and recall. The model outperforms existing approaches, particularly in handling complex and nuanced cases of cyberbullying. The proposed model has the potential to be a valuable tool for social media platforms and online communities to mitigate the negative impact of cyberbullying and promote a safer online environment.

Keywords:

Cyberbullying; Machine Learning; Deep Learning; BERT; social media;
Phonological awareness as a predictor of academic achievement in grades five to seven of primary school
Authors: Franc Vendi
Published: February 2025

The development of phonological awareness is one of the most important factors enabling successful reading acquisition. Numerous studies emphasise that early phonological training has short- and long-term positive effects on the markers of early literacy. This work is a continuation of the research whose first phase was conducted in 2015, when the level of early phonological awareness and letter knowledge was examined among 110 children who then attended a Montessori kindergarten and 110 children who attended traditional preschool. Within the research, differences were found in the level of phonological awareness and letter knowledge, i.e. the children who underwent systematic training for encouraging phonological awareness development were more successful in solving exercises in the FONT test, which was used as a research instrument. The test was originally designed in Bosnia and Herzegovina and later adapted to the specificities of the Croatian language. The test comprises the exercises of division into syllables and phonemes, phonemic analysis and rhyme recognition. In 1980, Lundberg conducted the first comprehensive research into the relationship of phonological awareness and reading among children in preschool and first grade of primary school. Along the lines of Lundberg’s study, it was assumed that the children whose phonological awareness was higher would achieve better results in initial reading, so the second research phase was conducted when the same children who participated in the first phase started the first grade. The investigation into reading was operationalized by two variables: 1) reading accuracy and 2) the number of correctly read words in a minute. The research included 79 children, and it was conducted via the text First Grader. The research results have shown that phonological awareness is a statistically significant predictor of reading achievement in the first grade of primary school. The third phase of the research was implemented in 2022, when the children finished their primary education. The research aimed to find out whether the children who had achieved higher results in the FONT test and initial reading were subsequently more successful students. The data were obtained on their grades in two individual school subjects (Croatian and Mathematics) and their overall school achievement (grade point average).
Role of Literacy in Raising Awareness of Waqf for Sustainable Development
Authors: Dariyanto Erwin
Published: February 2025

Indonesia has a very large waqf potential, namely 57,763 hectares of land spread across 440,512 locations. Likewise, the potential for cash waqf reaches IDR 180 trillion per year. Another fact is that the majority of Indonesia's population, namely 87.08 percent or around 245,973,915 people, are Muslim.
However, the large number of Muslims in Indonesia is not directly proportional to the absorption of waqf potential. From 2010 to 2020, only IDR 391 billion in cash waqf funds were collected. It was only in 2021 to 2023 that there was a spike in the absorption of cash waqf to IDR 2.3 trillion in 2023.
This study aims to examine the role of literacy in increasing awareness of waqf for sustainable development. The study was conducted using a qualitative descriptive analysis method. The data sources used in this study are statements from figures or officials, documents, data on the absorption of cash waqf, and laws and regulations on waqf in Indonesia. The results show that literacy is very important and has a great influence on the absorption of cash waqf potential in Indonesia. The community will be motivated to make waqf when they have sufficient knowledge about waqf. It is hoped that this study can be an input for policy makers to further improve literacy strategies so that the large potential of waqf in Indonesia can be maximally absorbed.
MORPHO-SONOGRAPHIC INDICANTS OF A CATTLE DAM
Authors:   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology named after K. I. Scriabin, Slesarenko Natalya A. , Shirokova Elena O. ,   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology named after K. I. Scriabin, Belyakova Anna P. ,   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology named after K. I. Scriabin
Published: February 2025

The purpose of the research is to develop healthy morpho-sonographic indicators of a cattle dam of a black-and-white Holstein breed. There is insufficient information in the available literature on a comprehensive approach to as-sessing the morpho-functional state of a cow dam. Macro- and micromorphometric parameters of a dam have not been established, taking into account the breed characteristics of animals, as well as its healthy sonographic features in order to identify organ pathologies. One of the most important tasks of clinical morphology and veterinary medicine is to find highly effective, precise ways to establish the parameters of structural-functional indicators of a cattle dam. The research was carried out in 2021-2022 on the basis of the Department of Anatomy and Histology of Animals named after Professor A. F. Klimov of the Moscow State Medical University named after K. I. Scriabin, including the Povadino Breeding Plant. The scientific and production part of the experiment was carried out by selecting a group of analogues according to generally accepted methods. The results of morphometric, micromorphological and so-nographic studies of the dam of a black-and-white Holstein cow were presented. A group of clinically healthy animals (n=20) was formed to conduct the experiment. Autopsy material from healthy animals (n=10) was chosen for linear morphometry and histological studies. The research was based on a comprehensive methodological approach – clin-ical examination of animals, careful anatomical dissection, macroscopical morphometry, light microscopy of histologi-cal sections of the uterine wall, ultrasound investigation using the Easi-Scan: Go and statistical analysis of obtained digital data. On the basis of the conducted studies, healthy morphometric and micromorphological parameters of a cow dam of a black-and-white Holstein breed were established. Ultrasound characteristics of a cattle dam were pre-sented, which can be basic in assessing the morpho-functional status of an organ.
RETROSPECTIVE FERTILITY ANALYSIS OF CHERNOZEM SOILS IN THE CENTRAL AGROECOLOGICAL ZONE OF THE SAMARA REGION
Authors:   Samara State Agrarian University, Trots Natalya M. , Mashkov Sergey V. ,   Samara State Agrarian University, Bokova Anna A. ,   Samara State Agrarian University, Suvorov Evgeny E. ,   Samara State Agrarian University
Published: February 2025

The purpose of the research is to assess changes in the state of indicators of the complex of soil properties for their subsequent control and identification of signs affecting soil fertility. The complex of works on soil survey and cameral processing of materials was carried out on the experimental fields of the Samara State Agrarian University, located on the territory of the Kinelsky district in the central agroecological zone of the Samara region. Field work was carried out by a route survey of the studied area of arable land, sections were laid at the planned points in 2022 and soil samples were taken. To analyze the dynamics of changes in agrochemical indicators for the 3rd rounds of the survey, 54 samples were used from nine sections (0.90-1.0 m), five semi-sections (0.60-0.65 m), and one dig. Studies have established that the agrochemical indicators revealed an increase in the main indicators of the state of soil fertility: 1) the content of humus; 2) the capacity of the humus horizon. According to available data for 1992-2022, the dynamics of changes in the soil cover with an area of 2.17 thousand hectares has been compiled. During the 30-year period of land use, significant changes occurred in the reduction of humus content. The proportion of rich soils with humus content > 7%, according to the materials of the previous survey, was 33% of the total area of agricultural land. Ac-cording to the capacity of the humus horizon in 2022, medium-sized soils were the most widespread – 1.91 thousand hectares or 88.0%. During the considered period of three rounds of surveys (1992, 2002 and 2022), the development of intensive humification processes is observed, in connection with which the humus content increased by 0.6-4.6% and the gross humus stock by 221-289 t/ha.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE POPULATIONS OF CARTHAMUS TINCTORIUS, ITRODUCED IN THE MIDDLE VOLGA REGION
Authors:   Sredne-Volzhsky Branch of FSBI VILAR, Setin Vitaliy N. , Nikiforova Olga I. ,   Sredne-Volzhsky Branch of FSBI VILAR, Zagoryansky Alexander N. ,   Sredne-Volzhsky Branch of FSBI VILAR, Nechaeva Elena Kh. ,   Samara State Agrarian University
Published: February 2025

The purpose of the research is to analyze the results of the introduction of the populations of safflower dye in terms of prospects for cultivation in the conditions of the Middle Volga region and to identify prospects for the breeding pro-cess. Plant introduction is the leading direction providing enrichment of the regional flora. The development of scien-tific bases for the introduction of medicinal and essential oil plants into culture in optimal ecological zones, as well as the selection of economically valuable populations is the main task of introduction. The experience of primary intro-duction makes it possible to reveal the adaptive capabilities of medicinal plants and begin to develop a set of agro-technical measures necessary for the successful realization of their biological potential in new growing conditions. On the territory of the collection nursery of the Sredne-Volzhsky branch of the FSBI VILAR in 2021-2022, an experiment was conducted on the introduction study of safflower dye of three populations (Samara, Moscow and Chinese). The research was carried out using bio-objects of the Unique scientific installation «Biocollection of the All-Russian Scien-tific Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants». The bookmark of experience and observations were car-ried out in accordance with the methodological guidelines. During the years of research, weather conditions were extreme: with high temperatures and no precipitation. It has been established that in these soil and climatic condi-tions, safflower plants of all populations go through the stages of ontogenesis, enter the fruiting phase and yield fruit at the level of 1.51-2.87 t/ha, that is, they successfully realize their adaptive potential. On average, over two years, the Samara population turned out to be more precocious, the fatty oil content in the fruits was 22.43%, the yield was 1.51 t/ha. The Moscow population is precocious, large – seeded (weight of 1000 seeds 50.9 g), high-yielding
(2.87 t/ha), the oil content in fruits is 21.83%. The Chinese population – with a later ripening period of seeds, a yield of 2.12 t/ ha, with a higher content of fatty oil in fruits (26.05%).
BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF THE BLOOD OF GOATS OF THE ZAANEN BREED WHEN USING A PREPARATION BASED ON BACILLUS AMYLOLIQUEFACIENS
Authors:   Samara State Agrarian University, Molyanova Galina V. , Semkina Oxana V. ,   Samara State Agrarian University, Statenko Bogdan I. ,   Samara State Agrarian University, Vinokurovа Alisa P. ,   Samara State Agrarian University
Published: February 2025

The aim of the research is to increase the adaptive and productive indicators of small cattle when using a microbio-logical preparation based on Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. A micro-biological preparation based on B. amyloliquefa-ciens was produced in the research laboratory of the Peasant (Farmer) Farms «Tsirulev Evgeny Pavlovich». The preparation is a light brown liquid, the average concentration is 4×109, has bactericidal and fungicidal activity. The drug was prescribed to goats from the age of 60 days 20-30 minutes before feeding in the form of an aqueous solu-tion of 10 ml (experimental group I) and 1 capsule (experimental group II) per 1 head 1 time a day for 2 months. At the age of 120 days, the goats of the experimental groups significantly exceeded the indicators of the control animals by 6.2% (p≤0.05) in the amount of total protein in the blood serum. The albumin content in the blood of animals of experimental group I was significantly higher – by 12.5% (p<0.05), experimental group II – by 14.7% (p<0.05), the amount of creatinine in the blood of animals of experimental group I was higher by 13.8% (p<0.05), experimental group II – by 10.6% (p<0.05) than in the blood of animals of the control group. The content of triglycerides significant-ly increased in the blood of animals of the experimental groups – by 14.0 and 17.5%, the amount of glucose was
4-7% higher than in the blood of control animals. The metabolic processes, lipid and energy exchanges in the exper-imental animals were more intensive compared to the control ones. The use of the preparation B. amyloliquefaciens to the goats of the Trans-Nenets breed contributed to an increase in the live weight of the animals. Conditionally, the additional profit for 60 days for 10 heads from the sale of animal meat of the I and II experimental groups was higher by 1168.00 and 965.00 rubles, respectively.
The domestication of short videos: Experiences of the elderly users from Nanjing, China
Authors: Wang Yinghe , Samani Mus Chairil , Ahmad Abdul Latiff
Published: February 2025

This study explores the domestication of short videos among elderly users in Nanjing based on domestication theory to enable an understanding of the appropriation, objectification, integration, and conversion of these technologies into their everyday lives. Employing qualitative research, the study involved administering semi-structured interviews to 15 participants who are at least 60 years of age. The study is concerned with the factors influencing elderly people's usage of short video platforms, the difficulties they encounter, and the roles that short video platforms play in their social relations, schedules, and self-presentation. According to the research findings, the initial adoption of short video platforms is first initiated by family members or due to the novelty factor, while long-term usage by the elderly is often a part of recreation, communication, and education. In this sense, participants expressed the benefits of short videos, including social integration and the connection between generations, despite technical restrictions and content-related issues. This study provides a range of methodical recommendations for platform creators and regulatory bodies to improve elderly users’ digital engagement and integration.
Unleashing local growth: The role of regional innovation and entrepreneurship in China
Authors: Jin Zhiwei
Published: February 2025

This study investigates the role of entrepreneurship and innovation in promoting local economic growth in China. Past studies have evaluated this issue using national- or province-level data. However, given China’s large size and significant diversity, even within a single province, and the fact that entrepreneurial spirit is a local issue, more localized analysis is necessary for a comprehensive understanding. Thus, using a unique dataset encompassing 286 cities from 2004 to 2020, we evaluate how entrepreneurship and innovation stimulate regional economic growth at the city-level. The results show the positive effects of entrepreneurship and innovation, particularly firm entry, outside direct investment, patent granted, and trademark registration. The study also investigates heterogeneity across administrative divisions and geographical features. Entrepreneurship and innovation are found to significantly enhance local economic development. The effects are particularly strong in provincial capitals compared to other cities. Furthermore, geographical factors, such as the Qinling-Huaihe Line and the Hu Huanyong Line, play a crucial role in shaping economic outcomes, highlighting substantial regional disparities. Entrepreneurship and innovation serve as crucial drivers of regional economic growth, but their impact varies based on administrative status and geographical context. The findings underscore the importance of localized policies that promote entrepreneurship and innovation. This study also provides valuable insights into the spatial dynamics of economic growth and contributes to the broader discourse in economic geography.
Primary Grade Teachers' Perspectives and Dedication to Inclusive Education
Authors: Buslon Evelyn , Opingo Kaitlin Marie , Mangubat Randy , Revalde Helen , Calasang Veronica
Published: February 2025

This study explored the relationship between teachers' demographic profiles (age, gender, educational attainment, rank, years of teaching, and training) and their attitudes and affective commitment toward inclusive education in kindergarten to Grade 4 settings. Using a descriptive-correlational research design and quantitative methods, the study surveyed 32 teachers from selected schools in Bohol Province. Statistical analyses, including Pearson’s r and Chi-square tests, revealed no significant relationships between the demographic profiles and teachers’ attitudes or affective commitment toward inclusive education. The findings align with existing literature, which suggests that contextual factors, such as professional development, institutional support, and direct experience with inclusive practices, play a more critical role in shaping positive attitudes and commitment than demographic variables. The study underscores the importance of providing targeted training, fostering collaborative school environments, and enhancing institutional support systems to empower teachers and strengthen inclusive education practices. These findings contribute to a growing understanding of how systemic factors can better address the challenges of implementing inclusive education, ensuring that all learners, including those with special educational needs, receive equitable and quality education.
Yemen's Natural Resources and their Potential for Economic Development
Authors: Shatef Khaled Ali Saleh , Samihi Youssef
Published: February 2025

This paper aims to analyse Yemen's natural resources and assess their potential for economic development. It highlights key resources, challenges and strategies for sustainable use to promote growth and stability. Yemen is endowed with diverse natural resources, including oil, natural gas, renewable energy, minerals, and fisheries, which are essential for its economic growth and development. Despite these resources, Yemen faces challenges such as political instability, poor infrastructure, and resource mismanagement that hinder sustainable development. This paper explores the key natural resources in Yemen, their economic contributions, and the barriers to their utilization. It highlights the potential of renewable energy and fisheries to diversify the economy and proposes strategies for sustainable development. Through effective governance, investments in infrastructure, and the adoption of renewable energy, Yemen can overcome these challenges and achieve economic stability and growth.
Advancing Early Literacy Through the Impact of the Marungko Approach on Kindergarten Reading Proficiency
Authors: Nabua Jojina , Opingo Kaitlin Marie , Duites Adrian , Mangubat Randy , Calasang Veronica
Published: February 2025

The purpose of this study is to determine whether or not the Marungko Approach is beneficial in improving early reading skills among kindergarten pupils. In the beginning, the majority of the individuals had a low reading skill, with the majority of them scoring "Poor" or "Fair" across a variety of markers. Following the introduction of the Marungko Approach, a significant shift was noted, with the majority of pupils obtaining ratings of "Excellent" or "Very Good." This progress was not only observable in raw scores, but it was also statistically supported by t-tests, which confirmed that there were substantial improvements in all reading metrics. Based on these findings, the Marungko Approach is demonstrated to be an excellent educational tool for the development of early literacy, which suggests that it should be incorporated into the curriculum being taught in kindergarten. Learners' recognition of letter names, sounds, and starting sounds, as well as their ability to read familiar words and oral passages, are considerably improved as a result of this strategy, which lays a solid foundation for future academic achievement.
Experiential Metafunctional Analysis of the Folk Song of Han “Bei Ge” and Its English Translations
Authors: Cheng Huaming
Published: February 2025

This paper attempts to analyze and compare transitivity processes of “Bei Ge” and its six English translations from the perspective of experiential function of Halliday’s Systemic Functional Linguistics and makes a comment on the similarities and differences between them. Through the analysis of the transitivity of the poem and its translations, it is found that there are 4 versions for the first line, 2 versions for the second, sixth and seventh lines, 5 versions for the third line, 3 versions for the fourth line and 1 version for the fifth and eighth lines, in which the transitivity maintains a high consistency with the original poem. At the end of the paper, a revised version is provided based on the transitivity of the original poem. This study can give clues to the study of poems and their translations of the transitivity processes, by exploring the differences of participants and circumstantial elements with the theoretical framework of Functional Grammar.
Design thinking approach with cognitive internship model to improve innovative attitudes of teachers professional education students
Authors: Sumantri Mohamad Syarif , Khasanah Uswatun , Suntari Yustia , Agustin Nadya Dewinda
Published: February 2025

The educational aspect that drives teachers to perform their responsibilities is one of many aspects that affect the quality of their performance which is very challenging. The quality of education is currently considered low because it cannot fully provide competence by the educational stage undergone by prospective teacher students. The purpose of this initiative is to improve the innovative attitude of teachers and professional education students by using a design thinking method to create learning activities using a cognitive internship model and by performing comprehensive studies and research. This research design uses action research with more emphasis on the process of trying new things.  The subject of this study is teaching professional education students in the odd semester of 2023-2024 at the State University of Jakarta  with a total of 94 students. The research was conducted for six months. Data analysis is used in qualitative and quantitative ways to obtain data on the process and improvement of learning activities in improving students' innovative attitudes. The results of the study showed an increase in 5 indicators of developing students' innovative attitudes, namely 1) innovative learning design projects, 2) reflection and self-evaluation, 3) case studies of educational innovation, 4) collaboration with the business world and industry and  5) innovative idea competition.  In the pre-cycle, it  scored 2.7%, the first cycle got a score of 3.4%, and the second cycle got a score of 4.0%. It can be concluded that integrating design thinking with the cognitive internship model in improving the innovative attitude of teacher professional education students have proven to be effective with five indicators developed in this study.
An investigation of the impacts of motivation on teachers’ job performance in Lokoja Local Government Area of Kogi State public secondary schools
Authors: Ayoko Victor Olugbenga
Published: February 2025

The study investigated the impact of motivation on the job performance of public secondary school teachers in the Lokoja local government area of Kogi state. The purpose of this study is to examine the rate of job performance, find out the gender difference among motivated teachers and establish the impact of motivation on teachers’ job performance in public secondary schools in the Lokoja local government area of Kogi state.  The study adopted a survey research design with a sample of 150 teachers randomly selected from ten public secondary schools in the state. An expert-validated instrument was used to collect relevant data on teachers' job performance. The collected data was analyzed using a t-test analysis to test the hypotheses of differences. The outcome indicated a significant difference between the job performance of teachers who were motivated and those who were not and there is a significant gender difference among motivated teachers based on job performance. It was concluded that motivation is one of the developmental factors that sustain the continuity of an organization. Motivation improves the students' academic outcome of the school organization such as improving teachers' productivity for the betterment of the overall education sector.
Chronicles of eclipsed hope: Dissecting suicide through Sylvia Plath's labyrinthine diaries
Authors: Rahmatullah Mohammad
Published: February 2025

This study examines the complex relationship between Sylvia Plath's diaries and her reflections on suicidal ideation, comparing her personal narratives with broader epidemiological data on suicide. By analyzing Plath's writings through the lens of Narrative Identity Theory, the research explores the societal and cultural influences that may have exacerbated her psychological struggles. The study employs a qualitative methodology, integrating insights from Plath’s diaries with quantitative data to provide a comprehensive perspective on suicidology. The findings reveal that Plath's diaries serve not only as intimate chronicles of her inner turmoil but also as representations of the broader societal pressures faced by women in the mid-20th century. These narratives highlight the intricate interplay between personal vulnerabilities and external stressors, offering valuable insights into the progression of suicidal ideation. The study advocates for incorporating personal accounts into suicide research to enrich understanding and develop early intervention strategies. Practical implications include the potential for leveraging personal narratives as tools for identifying early warning signs and designing empathetic prevention measures. By focusing on the rich and nuanced details of Plath's diaries, this research underscores the importance of merging qualitative and quantitative approaches to better understand and address the multifaceted nature of suicide.
European Union’s Legal System: Essential Features and Tendencies of Modern Development
Authors: Teremetskyi Vladyslav Ivanovych , Bodnar-Petrovska Olha Borysivna , Dir Ihor Yuriiovych , Petrenko Anatolii Anatoliiovych , Lien Tetiana Viktorivna
Published: February 2025

The purpose of the article is to determine the essential features of the EU legal system, as well as the tendencies of its modern development. The article employs a variety of research methods, including systemic and structural, dialectical, formal and legal, and comparative approaches. This paper uses an approach that looks at the structural parts of the EU legal system, how they interact with national legal rules, and how modern international legal processes affect all of these things. The correlation between legal norms, institutional structures, and the axiological foundations of the EU legal system receives particular attention. The author has analyzed the current processes of the EU expansion and strengthening its influence on other states, resulting in the growing influence of its law on the legal systems of other states, primarily those that are candidates for joining the EU. It was decided that the way the EU's legal system is changing today shows that the EU wants to adapt its own legal system to modern challenges, strengthen its institutional and ideological foundation, and make sure that the rights and freedoms of its citizens are protected at the right level while also promoting integration between EU member states. The study's findings can be used to improve Ukraine's national legislation, to adapt legal norms to EU standards, and to develop strategies for harmonizing national law with the EU legal system. It will strengthen Ukraine's institutional capacity in the process of European Union integration.
Investigating the determinants of competitiveness of the footwear industry of Bangladesh: An ARDL approach
Authors: Shams Aditi , Tamanna Ashia Khatun
Published: February 2025

This empirical study aims to investigate the factors determining the competitiveness and comparative advantage of the footwear industry in Bangladesh. A two-stage methodology was employed, including a novel dataset from the year 2001 to 2022. In the first stage, this study employs Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), Revealed Symmetrical Comparative Advantage (RSCA), Relative Trade Advantage Index (RTAI), Revealed Import Advantage Index (RIAI), Net Export Index (NEI), and Export Market Share (EMS) to identify the comparative and competitive advantages of the footwear sector in Bangladesh. In the second stage, this study applies the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model to evaluate the determinants of competitiveness spanning from 2001 to 2022. The findings reveal a sustained comparative advantage of the footwear sector in Bangladesh. The ARDL examination discloses that economic growth and trade openness have a significant positive association with footwear competitiveness, both in the long and short term. Human capital, trade freedom, and institutional quality also have a significant association with footwear competitiveness. These findings reveal that the footwear sector in Bangladesh has the potential to significantly contribute to the overall export growth of the country. Policymakers, industry stakeholders, investors, and trade organizations should take sustainable measures to utilize this competitiveness and focus on taking facilitative measures to diversify the current export basket of Bangladesh.
Addressing mistakes of ChatGPT from an educational perspective
Authors: Leung Chi Hong , Chan Winslet Ting Yan
Published: February 2025

This paper explores the efficacy of ChatGPT, a generative artificial intelligence in educational contexts, particularly concerning its potential to assist students in overcoming academic challenges while highlighting its limitations. ChatGPT is suitable for solving general problems. When a student comes across academic challenges, ChatGPT may conveniently provide a solution. However, ChatGPT may create mistakes in its responses that become detrimental to the learning process. The study discusses the technical principles underlying ChatGPT and identifies factors that contribute to incorrect responses. It categorizes various errors such as outdated information, mathematical inaccuracies and cognitive biases illustrating these with concrete examples. The analysis reveals that although ChatGPT is trained on extensive datasets, it can produce statistically plausible but factually incorrect answers. This can hinder the learning process and lead students astray if they rely solely on its outputs. The paper offers practical recommendations for students and teachers to mitigate the risks associated with using ChatGPT. These include verifying sources of information, formulating questions in diverse formats, supplementing queries with additional context, and reporting inaccuracies to OpenAI. Implementing these strategies can enhance the educational utility of ChatGPT while minimizing potential pitfalls. Understanding both the strengths and weaknesses of ChatGPT is a proper way of using a new technology efficiently.
Innovative integration of situated and collaborative learning: Enhancing third-grade students' Chinese reading comprehension and social abilities
Authors: Zhao Xu , Attapaiboon Tinnakorn , Jantharajit Nirat
Published: February 2025

This study explores the integration of situated and collaborative learning to enhance third-grade students' Chinese reading comprehension and social abilities, addressing a critical gap in primary school education research. Situated learning immerses students in realistic contexts while collaborative learning emphasizes teamwork and interaction. The study introduces an innovative pedagogical approach to improve academic and social outcomes by combining these methods. A quasi-experimental design was implemented with two groups of students from a primary school in Shandong, China. The experimental group used the hybrid teaching method while the control group followed traditional instruction. Data collected through reading comprehension tests and social abilities assessments revealed significant improvements in the experimental compared to the control group with large effect sizes in both domains. These findings underscore the combined approach’s effectiveness in fostering deep learning, improving communication skills, and enhancing teamwork. Practical implications highlight the method’s potential to address challenges in traditional teaching by integrating real-world scenarios and collaborative tasks.  The study is limited by its short-term focus and sample size, suggesting future research should examine longitudinal effects, broaden participant diversity, and evaluate its impact on other competencies such as writing skills and creativity despite its success. This study contributes to the field by demonstrating a transformative approach to primary education, bridging theoretical learning and practical application.
Lactic acid-assisted complexation for enhanced lithium extraction and its application to spent LIBs
Authors: SAHU Sibananda , DEVI Niharbala
Published: February 2025

A novel approach for complexing lithium with lactic acid to enhance extraction efficiency and its application to spent LIBs was proposed in this study. Key parameters influencing the extraction were systematically examined, including lactic acid concentration, pH of the aqueous phase, concentration of extractant, diluent selection, phase ratio between organic and aqueous phase, and stripping efficiency. Lithium extraction showed a remarkable improvement, rising from 16% to 43%, as the lactic acid concentration enhanced from 0.01 mol∙L‒1 to 1.0 mol∙L‒1. This was achieved using D2EHPA (0.1 mol∙L‒1)  at a maintained pH of 6.5. Maximum lithium extraction of 84.5% was observed at an O/A ratio of 5:1. Kerosene was a suitable diluent found from the different diluents employed for extraction. The 0.1 mol∙L‒1 D2EHPA exhibited a lithium loading capacity of 0.084 g∙L‒1. This optimized process was further extended to recover Li from waste LIB. 99.9% of Co and 91.2% of Li were extracted in three stages of cross-current extraction. Na2CO3 was utilized as a stripping agent for separating Co and Li. Using 2.5 mol∙L‒1 Na2CO3, almost 90% of the Li was precipitated as Li2CO3, and 99.8% of the Co was recovered.