OPEN INNOVATION ECOSYSTEMS: MAIN FEATURES AND PATTERNS OF DEVELOPMENT
Authors:   State Research Institution “Kyiv Academic University”, Tsyplitska Olena 
Published: November 2024

Innovation ecosystems are important elements of the modern economy, contributing to the development of new technologies, products and services. Open innovation, defined as processes that use both internal and external ideas to develop new solutions, has become popular in recent decades. This contrasts with closed innovation, where organizations rely solely on their own resources and knowledge. The purpose of the study is to define the main characteristics, patterns and models of development of open innovation ecosystems through analysis of theoretical findings and practical evidence. Methodology of the research is based on an abstract-logical method, which allows to decompose the essence of open innovation ecosystems into features and characteristics, patterns and conditions of their development. The study involves the use of qualitative data, the results of theoretical and empirical studies, and the analysis of statistical indicators for the comparison of ecosystems. This approach provides a deep understanding of their functioning and experience. To identify the essence of open innovation ecosystems and their differences from closed innovations, such general scientific methods as induction and deduction, comparison, analysis and synthesis, as well as bibliographic analysis were used. The outline of features and obstacles for the development of open innovation ecosystems was based on the results of the cluster survey, content analysis and frequency analysis of mentions in the sources. The study of experience on the example of ecosystems developing according to the "bottom-up" and "top-down" models was carried out using the methods of economic and statistical comparison. Results include the vision of open innovations as a transformative approach to fostering innovation through collaboration and knowledge sharing. A distinctive feature was the state's participation in launching innovative processes, supporting innovative infrastructure and financing research and development. In the countries with infant open innovation ecosystems there some barriers to overcome in ecosystems deployment. They, in particular, include complexities of IP strategies, high costs of interaction and cooperation, lack of relevant experience and success stories. Practical implications. World practice confirms that open innovation can significantly improve the competitiveness of companies and contribute to economic growth. These patterns are important for understanding the future of innovation processes on a global scale. The example of Detroit, Regensburg and other innovative ecosystems, both built according to the "bottom-up" and "top-down" models, shows that despite the devastating consequences of the war in Ukraine, in the post-war period local authorities can focus on the vision of the future as well revitalization of Ukrainian regions, on the getting ready of cities and regions for the technological future. Stimulation of new growth points in the regions of the country through active state support for the interaction of science and business, development of the infrastructure of ecosystems of open innovations and startups requires long-term capital investments and venture investments of the state in the form of grants, the introduction of a system of benefits for newly created high-tech and science-intensive businesses capable of scaling in the national and international space.Value/originality. The research summarizes and systematizes known and emerging features of open innovation ecosystems; the study shows the patterns of open innovation ecosystem deployment focusing on several practical cases.