bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Akurasi Setting Out Arah Kiblat Metode Bidang Bola Dan Ellipsoid Dengan Metode Rasyd Al-Qiblah
Authors: Rahman Helmi, S.Ag., MSI  , H. Badrian, M.Ag.
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT
Until now, the Vincenty Theory of raşd al-qiblah that considers the shape of the Earth's ellipsoid is still very limited. There is a need to study the method of raşd al-qiblah in Vincenty Theory and its accuracy. This study needs to be compared with the raşd al-qiblah method in spherical trigonometric theory. This study aims to analyze the accuracy of the measurement results (setting out) of Qibla direction using the spherical plane and ellipsoid methods at selected locations. The accuracy of this method is then compared with direct observation of Qibla direction using the rasyd al-qiblah method. The location of Banjarmasin was chosen, because Banjarmasin is an area that can use the rasyd al-qiblah method.
Keywords: setting out, rasyd al-qiblah, ellipsoid, Vincenty theory
 
ABSTRAK
Sampai saat ini, Teori Vincenty raşd al-qiblah yang mempertimbangkan bentuk ellipsoid Bumi masih sangat terbatas. Perlu ada kajian tentang metode rasyd al-qiblah dalam Teori Vincenty dan akurasinya. Kajian ini perlu dikomparasikan dengan metode raşd al-qiblah dalam teori trigonometri bola. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis akurasi hasil pengukuran (setting out) arah kiblat menggunakan metode bidang bola dan ellipsoid pada lokasi yang di pilih. Akurasi metode ini kemudian dibandingkan dengan pengamatan arah kiblat secara langsung dengan metode rasyd al-qiblah. Dipilihnya lokasi Banjarmasin, karena Banjarmasin termasuk wilayah yang dapat menggunakan metode rasyd al-qiblah.
Kata Kunci: penetapan arah, rasyd al-qiblat, ellipsoid, teori Vincenty
Undang-undang Sultan Adam dalam Perspektif Politik Hukum Hindia-Belanda Pada Abad ke-18 dalam Penyusunan Hukum Positif di Indonesia
Authors: Ahmadi Hasan  , Ali Mu’ammar
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This research explores the Sultan Adam Law (UUSA) in the Kingdom of Banjar during the Dutch colonization and the reign of Sultan Adam (1825-1857). UUSA, as a political law, reflects national law and the Shafi'i school of jurisprudence, despite being considered customary law. Islamic teachings, especially through UUSA and the Book of Sabilal Muhtadin, are integrated into customary law due to literacy limitations. Sultan Adam, through structural governance reforms, implemented Islamic principles in Banjar society, with UUSA serving as a crucial foundation. This research highlights the contribution of UUSA in depicting the integration of Islamic law in the Kingdom of Banjar and recognizes its historical impact in the study of customary law.
Keywords: Sultan Adam, law, Banjar
 
Abstrak
Penelitian ini membahas Undang-Undang Sultan Adam (UUSA) di Kerajaan Banjar pada masa penjajahan Belanda dan pemerintahan Sultan Adam (1825-1857). UUSA, sebagai undang-undang politik, mencerminkan hukum nasional dan fikih mazhab Syafi'i, meskipun dianggap sebagai hukum adat. Ajaran Islam, terutama melalui UUSA dan Kitab Sabilal Muhtadin, terintegrasi dalam hukum adat karena keterbatasan literasi. Sultan Adam, melalui reformasi struktural pemerintahan, menerapkan prinsip-prinsip Islam dalam masyarakat Banjar, dengan UUSA menjadi landasan penting. Penelitian ini menyoroti kontribusi UUSA dalam menggambarkan integrasi hukum Islam dalam Kerajaan Banjar dan mengakui dampak historisnya dalam studi hukum adat.
Kata Kunci: Sultan Adam, Hukum Banjar
Makna Ekonomi Berhaji Bagi Suku Banjar (Kajian Antropologi Budaya)
Authors: Amelia Rahmaniah  , Rahmat Shodiqin
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Hajj, which is often assumed to be related to spirituality and considered part of the domain of religion, actually has an economic meaning as well. This economic meaning is one of the reasons for the high number of Hajj pilgrims in South Kalimantan, which is dominated by the Banjar tribe, which likes to go to Hajj many times. Existing research has shown that the meaning of Hajj differs from one person to another, so in the current study the meaning of Hajj is considered to be the personal meaning of the performer. This research will specifically show the economic meaning of Hajj for the Banjar tribe. The method used in this research is interviews with nine people from the Banjar tribe. The findings in this study show that Hajj can make sustenance abundant and blessed, Hajj will make business (work) smooth and blessed, and not performing Hajj results in the loss of wealth.
Keywords: economic meaning, hajj, Banjar tribe
 
Abstrak
Haji yang sering diasumsikan berkaitan dengan spritual dan dianggap sebagai bagian dari domain religion  sebenarnya haji juga mempunyai makna ekonomi. Makna ekonomi ini merupakan salah satu penyebab tingginya angka berangkat haji di Kalimantan Selatan yang didominasi oleh Suku Banjar yang gemar berkali-kali berangkat haji. Penelitian yang telah ada menunjukkan bahwa makna haji berbeda antara satu orang dengan yang lainnya sehingga dalam studi saat ini pengertian haji dianggap sebagai makna pribadi pelakunya. Penelitian ini secara khusus akan menunjukkan makna ekonomi haji bagi suku Banjar. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah wawancara dengan sembilan orang dari suku Banjar. Temuan dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa haji dapat menjadikan rezeki berlimpah dan berkah, haji akan menjadikan usaha (pekerjaan) lancar dan berkah, dan tidak jadi melaksanakan haji berakibat habisnya harta.
Kata Kunci: makna ekonomi, haji, suku Banjar
Urgensi Aturan Agama Lokal Berbasis Hak Asasi Manusia: Studi Etnografi Praktik Beragama Komunitas Samin di Jawa Tengah
Authors: Nur Wakhidah  , Ahmad Subakir  , Rasyid Rizani  , Muhammad Yusman
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This article aims to position local religions in Indonesian regulations, and then analyze the urgency of human rights-based regulation of local religions. The method in this article is the legal ethnography method. This research shows that there are local religious practices that experience discrimination from the state. State officials directed the Samin community to choose one of the state-recognized religions. This is contrary to human rights. This article argues that the state should regulate and recognize local religions based on human rights. The article finds that politically, the Samin community does not endanger the state, but instead shows nationalistic behavior and obeys the law. The noble agreement between the state and the Samin community is Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution.
Keywords:      urgency, rules, local religion , human rights
 
Abstrak
Artikel ini bertujuan memposisikan agama lokal dalam regulasi di Indonesia, selanjutnya menganalisis urgensi aturan agama lokal berbasis hak asasi manusia. Metode dalam artikel ini adalah metode etnografi hukum. Penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya praktik agama lokal yang mengalami diskriminasi dari negara. Aparat negara mengarahkan komunitas Samin untuk memilih salah satu agama yang diakui negara. Hal ini bertentangan dengan hak asasi manusia. Artikel ini mengajukan pendapat agar negara mengatur dan mengakui agama lokal berbasis hak asasi manusia. Artikel ini menemukan bahwa secara politis, komunitas Samin tidak membahayakan negara, justru menunjukkan perilaku nasionalisme dan taat pada hukum. Kesepakatan mulia antara negara dan komunitas Samin berupa Pancasila dan UUD 1945.
Kata Kunci: urgensi, aturan, agama lokal, hak asasi manusia
Research on the Collaborative Evaluation and Development of Digital Trade and Industrial Clusters: Taking Relevant Industries in Guangzhou as an Example
Authors:   Department of Business English, School of International Studies, Guangdong University of Education, Guangzhou, China, ZHANG Mei
Published: April 2024

This paper constructs a synergy model between digital trade and industrial clusters from the perspective of system theory. Five major industrial clusters in Guangzhou, including textile and clothing, beauty and daily chemical, luggage and leather goods, jewelry, and food and beverage, are selected to analyze the evolution trend of the composite system between digital trade and industrial clusters. The study found that the luggage and leather goods industry is in the expansion stage of the synergy between digital trade and industrial clusters. The other four industries are still in the initial stage of digital trade and industrial cluster synergy, with low synergy level. The textile clothing industry has the least obvious growth momentum, showing the lowest level of synergy between digital trade and industrial clusters. By promoting the efficient evolution of the system, the upgrading and transformation of industrial clusters through digital trade can be achieved, and the deepening development of digital service trade based on industrial clusters can be effectively supported. This paper can provide recommendation for the collaborative development of Guangzhou's industrial digitization and digital industrialization.
A study on the influencing factors of transformational leadership among college teachers
Authors: CUI Zitong , ZHENG Jie , LI Runmin , ZHOU Baolong , ZHAO Chunzhen
Published: April 2024

The transformational leadership of teachers has increasingly attracted the attention of educational scholars in both China and the West, but there is relatively little research on transformational leadership of teachers in China. It has a profound impact on their teaching and student development by studying the transformational leadership of teachers. A sampling survey questionnaire was used to investigate and analyze the influencing factors of transformational leadership among 236 teachers. The results showed that transformational leadership is related to gender and age, and its dimensional changes vary depending on different educational backgrounds. This study explores the diversity and intersection of transformational leadership, which is of great significance for formulating teacher training and development plans in universities.
Effectiveness of the use of WhatsApp for Dissemination of Ideas of Improved Crop Production Techniques
Authors: Sharma Neha , Chaturvedi S.K. , Chaturvedi Abhimanyu , Shukla Rashmi
Published: April 2024

Across India, WhatsApp groups are not only connecting farmers to their customers in the virtual market, but they’re also creating a network of resources and support for the country’s farmers who need it most. It is one of the world’s most popular communication applications in the 21st century.  Therefore, a study on the effectiveness of WhatsApp for the dissemination of agricultural technologies in Paddy Crop was conducted at Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Jabalpur (M.P.), in 2022. An exhaustive WhatsApp user list was prepared from 06 villages: Khiriya Kalan and Kathoda from Panagar block, Badkhera and Dunda from Kundam Block, and Agasi and Ahrora from Sahpura block were selected randomly. Thus, 50 farmers from the three blocks of the district using WhatsApp were selected randomly and grouped to send messages about agricultural aspects. The present study highlights and examines the usefulness of WhatsApp among farmers.  The social media–enabled WhatsApp is helping farmers solve farming-related problems more efficiently by making them digitally literate. It can be concluded that by using WhatsApp, farmers can seek information on farm operations and clarify their doubts about agriculture and paddy crop production technology, disease & insect pests, etc.  It also saved time and money needed to solve the problems. They perceived in the study that the WhatsApp messages used were clear and satisfactory for them.   KVK could have achieved immediate solutions to the farmers on a mass level through this App, and need & time-based services to the farming communities were served. On the level of daily interaction, the WhatsApp groups are successful in providing complete assistance and motivating farmers.
Moisture Transfer Characteristics and Microbiological Stability of Fermented Pre-gelatinized Plantain and Soybean Based Complementary Food Flours
Authors: Agbor Agbor Evelyn , Ariahu Charles Chukwuma , Adie Peter A. , Ariahu E.C.
Published: April 2024

The effect of gelatinization and fermentation on the moisture sorption characteristics and microbial stability of complementary foods from unripe plantain fruits and soybean seeds was evaluated. The plantain was heated to obtain 10%, 18%, 23%, 33%, 74% and 100% starch gelatinization. The samples were fermented, dried and ground to flour. Plantain and soybean flour were mixed by material balance to produce 16% protein complementary foods. Moisture sorption isotherms wereinvestigated at 10, 20, 30, and 40 ° C using the gravimetric method. The BET equation was fitted to the experimental sorption data, and the Clausius-Clapeyron equation was used to determine the isosteric heat of sorption. The microbial stability of the gruels was evaluated using the microbial challenge test with Staphylococcus aureus. With better results from fully gelatinized samples, gelatinization and fermentation reduced the hygroscopic properties of the dehydrated products, with the gelatinized fermented samples having the least equilibrium moisture contents, monolayer moisture values, surface area of sorbent, and net isosteric heats of sorption, an indication that these samples could be stored at temperatures as high as 40 ° C with extended shelf life. The microbiological stability of foods was enhanced by fermentation, since microbial growth was suppressed in fermented samples, offering perspectives for microbial stability of the products.
The Organizational Structure, Conduct, and Outcomes of Coimbatore and Erode District Companies Using Different Sugar Substitutes
Authors: Palanichamy N Venkatesa , G Vivek. , M Kalpana , N Balakrishnan
Published: April 2024

According to a study on market performance, producers will still receive a higher percentage of the profit even if they sell on a larger scale than other actors. The price difference for ten kilograms of sugar was calculated to be Rs. 100. Still, a lot of consumers choose to pay more for sugar in retail establishments when they buy it in smaller amounts rather than in bulk.  Even if the price difference for ten kilograms of sugar is only Rs. 90, the producer is making a sizable profit margin, according to a market performance analysis. Simple percentage and averages were worked out to assess the general characteristics such as age and experience of the intermediaries and consumers.  However, in this instance, the producer sells in larger numbers, either through the market or directly to the wholesaler, enabling them to keep a considerable portion of the earnings from their products. A market performance analysis indicates that the producer will share in the profit margin at a higher rate than other chain participants. Because 20 kilograms of palm sugar can be made from 60 liters of palmyrah tree sap, his production expenses will match farmers profit margin.
Histopathological Evaluation of the Effects of Siam Weed in Cadmium Induced Toxicity on the Liver of Wistar Rat
Authors: Eric E,U. , G M Avor , P Amanukpo.
Published: April 2024

Siam plant (Chromolaena odorata) is a plant with a characteristic aromatic smell, since ancient times, had been of interest for medical purposes in the local parlance and had been reported to be used in tradition medicine as antispasmodic, antiprotozoal, anti trypanosomal, antibacterial, antifungal, antihypertensive, anti-inflamatory, astringent, diuretic and hepatotropic agent. The aim of this study is to assess the histological impact of Siam weed on liver damage produced by Cadmium in adult Wistar rats. A total of twentyfive albino Wistar rats were obtained for the experiment. The rats were divided into five groups (A - E) and subjected to various treatments. At the end of administration the liver of the animals was harvested and processed histologically and photomicrographs taken. The photomicrographic images exhibits central vein (CV) and portal tract congestion, together with necrotic regions, sinusoidal space blockage, focal foci of haemorrhage (shown by an arrow), and the presence of Kupffer cells. The study revealed that the intraperitoneal administration of Cadmium in rats resulted in notable hepatotoxicity, as evidenced by histopathological alterations and degeneration of hepatocytes. Conversely, the oral ingestion of Chromolaena Odorata did not have any impact on the liver toxicity induced by Cadmium in rats.
Proposed Initiatives to Protect Small Businesses in Wales; the United Kingdom Due to Covid-19
Authors: Butt Umar Iqbal
Published: April 2024

In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, small businesses worldwide have faced unprecedented challenges. This study presents a detailed analysis of these challenges and explores the effectiveness of government interventions in supporting small business recovery. Utilizing a mix of quantitative research methods, including statistical analysis and a comprehensive literature review, the research focuses on the specific impacts of the pandemic on small business operations and finances. Key findings indicate that small businesses have suffered significant disruptions, primarily in supply chain management and customer engagement. The study evaluates various government initiatives, such as financial aid packages and regulatory relaxations, highlighting their role in mitigating the pandemic's adverse effects. Furthermore, it proposes a set of recommendations for both government and small businesses, emphasizing the need for tailored financial support, enhanced digital transformation strategies, and flexible operational adjustments. The research concludes that a collaborative approach between government and small businesses is essential for ensuring sustainable growth and recovery in the post-pandemic era. This study contributes to the existing body of knowledge by providing actionable insights and practical strategies for policymakers and business owners, aiming to bolster the resilience and long-term prosperity of small businesses, which are integral to the global economy.
Veritas AI: The ChatGPT Polygraph
Authors: Mukherjee Anshit
Published: April 2024

Aims: The objective of Veritas AI is to revolutionize the domain of lie detection through the deployment of a cutting-edge algorithm within the realms of computational linguistics and artificial intelligence.
Study Design: Veritas AI is conceptualized as a groundbreaking framework that integrates advanced syntactic and semantic analysis, leveraging generative pre-trained transformers to identify linguistic cues indicative of deception.
Place and Duration of Study: The research underpinning Veritas AI’s algorithm was meticulously executed at the Abacus CSE Lab over a period from December 2022 to March 2024, ensuring a robust empirical foundation for the system’s validation and optimization.
Methodology: Employing a deep learning neural network at its core, Veritas AI is trained on a diverse dataset comprising both truthful and deceptive dialogues. This training is complemented by multimodal biometric interrogation techniques and sophisticated natural language processing algorithms.
Results: The empirical results underscore Veritas AI’s unparalleled accuracy in discerning truth, marked by its ability to provide real-time adaptive feedback and maintain robust performance across various communication scenarios.
Conclusion: In conclusion, Veritas AI stands as a testament to the symbiotic potential of human ingenuity and machine learning. Its precision-engineered algorithm, underpinned by empirical validation, heralds a transformative leap in the field of automated veracity assessment, setting a new benchmark for truth analysis in the digital age.
An Updated Review on the Therapeutic Potential of Stem Cells for Treating Cardiovascular Disorders
Authors: Manteghian Mehrab , Liaqat Muhammad Umar , Ferdinand Joshua
Published: April 2024

Despite significant progress in the field of medicine, cardiovascular illnesses continue to be the primary cause of mortality on a global scale. The increasing prevalence of cardiovascular illnesses necessitates the exploration of novel and potential therapeutic strategies to address the escalating risk associated with CVDs. Stem cell therapy has emerged as the central focus of regenerative cardiovascular medicine, surpassing all other treatments and therapies. Multiple clinical trials and studies have demonstrated that stem cell therapy, particularly mesenchymal stem cells, is the most appealing approach for treating cardiac disorders due to their significant therapeutic potential. Recent research have shown that mesenchymal stem cells have a positive impact on several cardiac muscle diseases, such as heart failure, problems with blood vessel lining, damage caused by lack of blood flow, and high blood pressure in the lungs. This study specifically examines the potential, preconditioning techniques, methods of administration, and mechanisms of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs).
Cannabis sativa Boosts Brain Functions and Ameliorate Anxiety, when used Sensibly and not Abusively
Authors: Charles Ifedi I. , Fidelis Okoye O. , Ugwuishi Emeka , Charles Nwafor C. , Blessing Ifedi O. , Chidimma Okeke B.
Published: April 2024

Cannabis sativa is an illegal substance with documented analgesic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-diarrheal properties. Numerous other cannabinoids found in cannabis have an impact on brain activity. So, the purpose of this study was to examine how cannabis sativa extract affected the cognito-motor activity in rats. Twenty-four (24) Wistar rats weighing between 80.53 and 100.49g were randomly divided into four groups (A, B, C, and D) of six animals each after a 14-day acclimatization period to laboratory conditions. Only food and water were provided to Group A. Groups B and C received an oral ethanolic extract of Cannabis sativa at doses of 400 mg/kg and 800 mg/kg, respectively. Group D received an intraperitoneal dose of diazepam at a rate of 50 mg/kg. To ascertain the impact of the cannabis sativa extract on the neuro behavior of the rats, each animal in the four groups is subjected to an experimental test following each administration of the extract (the Barnes maze test, the beam walk test, and the inverted screen tests). The rats in groups B and C that received cannabis sativa extract showed a notable improvement in learning and memory, and the majority of the rats in group C who received cannabis sativa extract walked upright without stumbling. Group A, the control group, exhibited indicators of anxiety and panic but no discernible change in learning or memory. Due to muscle weakness, members of group D (standard drug group) were essentially inactive throughout the experiment, staggering and falling. It can be concluded that cannabis sativa's ethanolic leaf extract is not harmful, boosts brain functions, and promotes learning and memory when used sensibly and not abusively. Thus, it can be inferred that the plant may help with the treatment of several mental health conditions, such as anxiety.
Quality Evaluation of Fermented Pre Gelatinized Unripe Plantain and Soybean Based Complementary Foods 1: Physicochemical, Sensory and Rheological Properties
Authors: Agbor Agbor Evelyn , Ariahu Charles Chukwuma , Adie Peter A. , Ariahu E.C.
Published: April 2024

Aims: This study aimed at evaluating the effect of the degree (%) of starch gelatinization (G) and fermentation (F) on the physicochemical characteristics of the flours and also the sensory and flow properties of the gruels of unripe plantain fruits and soybean seeds based complementary foods.
Study Design: Completely randomized design
Place and duration of the Study: This study was carried out in Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria, between January and November 2023.
Methodology: Plantain slices heated to obtain 10% to 100% starch gelatinization were subjected to accelerated natural fermentation followed by drying and milling to yield fermented (F) flours. Non-gelatinized (NG) and nonfermented (NF) lots served as controls. The flours were each combined with soybean flour to obtain 16 g protein/100 g of each mixture based on the proximate compositions of the inputs using material balancing technique. The flours’ oil absorption capacities (OAC), water absorption capacities (WAC), packed bulk densities (PBD), sensory attributes (taste, mouth feel, appearance, overall acceptability) and flow properties of their gruels were evaluated using standard methods. Significant differences and separation of the data means were achieved by Duncan multiple range and Turkey’s tests using an SPSS package, respectively.
Results: Gelatinization and fermentation increased WAC and OAC, but decreased packed bulk density (PBD) of the flours with concomitant reduction in pH, viscosities and improved sensory attributes of the gruels. Generally, viscosities increased with increase in slurry concentration and decreased with increase in temperature and shear rates. The flow behavior indices ranged from 0.27 to 0.64, with lower values in gelatinized and fermented samples, showing more pseudoplastic behavior in pretreated samples.
Conclusion: Gelatinization and natural fermentation are therefore adaptable technologies, especially at rural levels, to improve acceptability and bulk reduction of resistant starch-based complementary foods.
Economic Assessment of Different Varieties of Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam) under the Prayagraj Region of India
Authors: Ranasingh Nishigandha , Singh Devi
Published: April 2024

A research investigation was conducted during rabi season 2023 at Horticulture research field, SHUATS (Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture Technology and Sciences) Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India to determine the economic variation and benefit cost ratio of ten different sweet potato genotypes. The production output of ten different sweet potato genotypes was computed by  Cost Benefit ratio (CBR).The Cost Benefit Ratio analysis indicated that  the most promising and profitable variety was Sree Nandini  followed by Sree Bhadra and  Kishan. The highest Cost Benefit Ratio (CBR) of Sree Nandini was 10.82, followed by Sree Bhadra 10.53 and Kishan with 8.3 respectively. According to the agro climatic condition of Prayagraj Sree Nandini Variety of sweet potato is recommended to farmers as it gives a profitable output.
Harmonizing Agriculture: Nurturing Soil through Micronutrients Management and Texture Dynamics
Authors: Kaur Jasmeen , Singh Gurbir , Shubham . , Kaushal Shilpa
Published: April 2024

The present review delves into the essential aspect of micronutrient management and soil texture dynamics in agriculture thus emphasizing their pivotal roles in sustaining soil health and optimizing crop productivity. Micronutrients, though required in trace amounts are critical for various physiological and biochemical processes in plants. Micronutrient deficiencies can profoundly impact plant growth and yield, necessitating effective management strategies such as soil amendments, foliar applications, and balanced fertilization practices. Additionally, the paper explores the potential of soil microbes to enhance micronutrient availability. Soil testing emerges as a crucial tool for monitoring nutrient levels and guiding nutrient application decisions. Furthermore, soil texture dynamics significantly influence nutrient availability, highlighting the importance of soil composition and structure. Conservation tillage practices, crop rotation, and the use of micronutrient fertilizers are discussed as means to promote soil health and optimize nutrient profiles. Overall, the paper underscores the importance of integrating micronutrient management and texture dynamics for harmonizing agriculture, ensuring sustainable soil health, and fostering increased crop yields.
Rapid Multiplication of Geographical Indication (GI) Tagged Mysore Mallige (Jasminum azoricum L.) Using Single Node through In vitro Culture
Authors: Ranjitha Ayodhya , Bhavishya Cheranda Muddappa , Navya Vani Goneppa , Nirmala Karimane Srikantarao
Published: April 2024

Aims: The present study was undertaken to rapid multiplication of (GI) tagged Mysore Mallige (Jasminum azoricum L.) using single node through in vitro culture.
Study Design: The present study follow Completely Randomized Design (CRD).
Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at the Plant Tissue Culture Laboratory,
Department of Horticulture, University of Agricultural Sciences, Gandhi Krishi Vignana Kendra, Bengaluru, from 2020 to 21.
Methodology: Single node cutting from the young shoots of field growing plants were used as explants to conduct the experiment. The explants were sterilized and placed on MS medium supplemented with different concentrations and combinations of growth regulators, namely BAP and Kinetin.
Results: Among the different combinations of growth regulators, the combination of BAP 1.5 mg L-1   and Kin 1.5 mg L-1  produced maximum number of shoots from single node. Very low intensity of callus formation was observed from the cut ends of single node explants that were cultured on half strength MS medium consisting of 1.5 mg L-1 BAP + 0.0 mg L-1 Kin and 1.5 mg L-1 BAP + 1.0 mg L-1 Kin.
Conclusion: The use of growth regulators such as BAP and KIN is reliable for shoot regeneration even when the field explants are used.
A Review on New Approaches in Dragon Fruit Production, Nutraceutical Insights and Morphological Dynamics
Authors: Lakshmeshwara Sangeeta , Jain Shubham , Manasa S. , Singh Anshuman , Imchen Alemla , Prasad Pasupuleti Venkata Siva , Raizada Osheen , Yadav Vikas
Published: April 2024

Dragon fruit (Hylocereus spp.)  is recently introduced amazing fruit in India, its cultivation gaining popularity because of its high nutritional value and antioxidant property. Recently, it drawn the much attention of the Indian consumers owing to its pleasant flavour, colour, with their attractive appearance, tremendous health and nutritional benefits. Dragon fruit extracts from stems, flowers, peels and pulps have beneficial biological properties against pathogenic microbes like bacteria, fungi and viruses as well as diseases like diabetes, obesity, hyperlipidemia and cancer. Now a days, Indian growers are much interested in its cultivation due to its promising yield, easy cultivation, great commercial potential, which increases the economical status of the farmers. The area under cultivation is insufficient to fulfill the requirement of peoples hence, there is a need to increase dragon fruit production in India. At present, a very few information is available on production aspects of dragon fruit this review papers is dealt with the knowledge regarding the botany, nutritional composition, uses, health benefits, species, cultivation aspects of dragon fruit based on recent updates of some of the research findings.
Advancements of Breeding and Genomics in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.): Enhancing Yield and Nutritional Value for Sustainable Agriculture
Authors: Sanjay Patil Shital , Prakash Satya
Published: April 2024

Advancements in wheat breeding and genomics presently explores the genomic interventions driving focusing on quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping, marker-assisted selection (MAS) and genomic selection (GS). QTL mapping emerges as a pivotal method for pinpointing markers linked with desirable traits, facilitating MAS. Furthermore, genomic selection (GS) holds immense potential for crop improvement. It also delves into the current landscape of MAS and explores various prospects of GS for wheat biofortification. Looking ahead, accelerated mapping studies combined with MAS and GS schemes are poised to further enhance wheat breeding efficiency. Dense molecular maps and a large set of ESTs (Expressed Sequence Tags) have enabled genome-wide identification of gene-rich and gene-poor regions, as well as QTL, including eQTL (Expression quantitative trait loci). Additionally, markers associated with major economic traits have facilitated MAS programs in some countries and enabled map-based cloning of several genes/QTL. Resources for functional genomics, such as TILLING and RNA interference (RNAi), alongside emerging approaches like epigenetics and association mapping, are further enriching wheat genomics research. In this review, we initially present cutting-edge genome-editing technologies in crop plants, with a specific focus on wheat, addressing both functional genomics and genetic enhancement. We subsequently delineate the utilization of additional technologies, including GWAS, high-throughput genotyping and phenotyping, speed breeding, and synthetic biology, within the context of wheat breeding. We assert that integrating genome editing with other molecular breeding strategies will significantly expedite the genetic enhancement of wheat, thus contributing to sustainable global production.
Boundedness of Sequentially Generated Measurable Products: A Neighborhood Approach
Authors: Olwamba Levi Otanga
Published: April 2024

Many studies have been done on products of measurable sets. The most recent results highlight the properties of tensor products expressed as matrix products. Therefore, this study builds on existing research on product of measurable sets focusing on properties expressed in matrix products. This study investigates the conditions under which sequentially generated products of functions are measurably bound using (\(\epsilon - \delta\)) criterion for uniform continuity . This article explores the connection between topological properties of measurable sets and boundedness of their products. The study sheds light on the application of r-neighborhood topological properties of refinement of measurable sets in determining the boundedness of sequentially generated products of measurable functions. Concepts such as monotonicity of functions, continuity from above of set functions, almost everywhere properties and r-neighborhood partition of measurable sets are applied in the context of p-integrable functions. The results of this research can be applied to develop the r-neighborhood business models where r represents the physical distance around a fixed business focal point that geographically creates a fruitful business environment for achievement of the optimal industrial and commercial profit margins determined by the boundedness of product functions. For a fixed product of functions i.e. the target of achievement, one can sequentially and by monotonicity of measurable functions determine the quantitative (or measurable) convergence of the product of functions which represents the interactive operational activities towards the defined business goals. Further, the results of this study can be applied in developing geometrical models in engineering by quantitative approximation to desired standards.
Psychosis and Pregnancy: A Case Report
Authors: Yacine Bouguermouh , Sofiane Zeggane.
Published: April 2024

We report in this observation the case of a 38-year-old woman, who had presented psychosis on a five-month pregnancy. A symptomatology made essentially of a type of persecution delirium associated with behavioral disorders, it should be noted that this patient experienced before her pregnancy a state of intense stress with suicide attempts. The delivery in our patient went well thanks to a good therapeutic alliance and support
Application of SWAT Model for Hydrological Simulation of Rapti River Basin
Authors: Kumari Sonali , Singh Vikram , Suryavanshi Shakti , Kumar Mukesh
Published: April 2024

This study aimed at application of SWAT model for hydrological simulations of Rapti River Basin (RRB) water systems. The Rapti River originates from Nepal and then it comes in India. SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) model was used for hydrological simulation of the RRB surface and sub surface water systems. SWAT is a comprehensive, semi-distributed river basin model that requires a large number of input parameters, which complicates model parameterization and calibration. The RRB was discretised into 4 sub-basins and 630 hydrological response units (HRUs) and calibration and validation was carried out at Bagasoti using monthly flow data of 11 years, respectively. We first calibrated the model in SWAT-CUP which is a decision-making framework that incorporates a semi-automated approach (SUFI2) using manual calibration and incorporating sensitivity and uncertainty analysis. Parameter sensitivity analysis helps focus the calibration and uncertainty analysis and is used to provide statistics for goodness-of-fit. In this study Calibration has been done between simulated and observed discharge data (1974-1985) for 50 simulations with 6 parameters that is Curve number (CN2 = 0.945), Groundwater delay (GW_DELAY = 50), Baseflow alpha factor (ALPHA_BF = 0.58), Manning's "n" value for the main channel (CH_N2 = 0.15), Effective hydraulic conductivity in main channel alluvium (CH_K2 = 10.20) and Available water capacity of the soil layer (SOL_AWC = 0.28). The results were analysed and compared with the observational data. The model performance evaluation showed acceptable ranges of values (i.e., Nash Sutcliff was 0.75 and R2 was 0.71). After model calibration, in order to predict water balance, the model was validated by using the best parameter.
Investigating the Impact of Wash Water Pump Rate on the Efficiency of Desalting Process of Crude Oil, a Case Study of X-Field in Iraq
Authors: Friday Dollar , Joseph Amieibibama , Williams Solomon
Published: April 2024

Desalting is an essential process in the oil industry to remove salts from crude oil. These salts, which include fine saline water droplets and salt crystals, can have a significant impact on the crude refining process. If left untreated, they can foul heat exchangers, block pipelines, cause scales, corrosion, foaming, plugging and affect the overall performance of other equipment. To avoid these salt-related problems, it is crucial to remove salts from the crude oil, This paper presents a case study of the effect of wash water pump rate on the efficiency of the desalting process for crude oil in the X-field in Iraq. The desalting process was evaluated based on the wash water pump rate. Crude oil samples were collected downstream of the desalter at various wash water flow rates, on weekly basis for about ten weeks, and the average salinity were measured in parts per million (ppm). The results of the investigation show that there is an inverse relationship between the salinity of the crude oil and the wash water pump rate. As the salinity of the crude oil increases, the wash water pump rate decreases. At wash water pump rate of 6 m3/hr. and below, the salinity of the crude oil exceeds the 30-ppm export specification; implying that a lower wash water pump rate leads to inadequate desalting of the crude oil. The study also unraveled the causes and consequences of inadequate wash water pump rate such as: clogged inlet or outlet, insufficient power supply, passing valve, worn-out or damaged impellers, mechanical failure, piping issues, sealing problems, and increased operational costs. To optimize the wash water pump rate, a procedure was also developed in this study. This method addresses the identified causes and consequences of an inadequate wash water pump rate in effectively desalting crude oil. This study has unraveled the importance of the wash water pump rate in the desalting process and t highlights the need to maintain an optimal pump rate to effectively remove salts and avoid associated problems in the refining process.
The Effects of Mkpuru Mmiri Consumption on Cognitive Performance and Brain Histology in an Animal Study
Authors: Charles Ifedi I. , Charles Nwafor C. , Salome Ihezuruoha C. , F. O Ovie , Blessing Ifedi O. , Paul Igwedibia C.
Published: April 2024

Mkpuru mmiri, popularly known as ice or methamphetamine (METH) is one of the illegal substances that young people in Nigeria abuse most frequently. The purpose of the study is to determine how methamphetamine affects the cognitive-motor behavior of Wistar rats. In the study, twenty-five Wistar rats weighing between 117 and 138 grams were split into five groups: group A had only rat feed and water, group B - D received doses of METH ranging from 5 mg/kg to 20 mg/kg, and group E received a dose of 5 mg/kg of diazepam. Neurobehavioral tools such as the navigator maze test, elevated plus maze and beam walk were used to assess the rats’ memory, anxiety-related behavior, balance, motor coordination, and working memory respectively. Two weeks after the injection, samples were taken and examined for oxidative stress markers (Malondialdehyde - MDA) and tissue antioxidant indicators (Superoxide dismutase - SOD, Glutathione - GSH, and Total Antioxidant Capacity - TAC). The data were analyzed using SPSS and post hoc LSD and the significance level was established at p<0.05. The results showed that the test groups' body weight was significantly lower than the control groups' (p<0.05). The test groups' relative brain weights increased significantly (p<0.05) when compared to the control group. The data also showed a significantly (p<0.05), level of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, GSH, and TAC levels) and a significantly (p<0.05) greater level of MDA when compared to the control group. When comparing the test groups' cognitive abilities to the controls, the experimental rats' cognitive powers significantly declined. The study's conclusion demonstrated that chronic consumption of methamphetamine may deteriorate cognitive function.
Study on the Challenges Encountered by Eri Silkworm Rearers in Tapioca Cultivation and Eri Rearing in Udalguri District of Assam
Authors: Sarma Jugabrat , Brahma Dipankar , Rajkhowa Abhigyan , Bora Santanu Kaushik , Saikia Dhiraj , Das Bitopan
Published: April 2024

Sericulture, specifically eri silk production, plays a crucial role in sustainable rural development and employment generation. This study investigated the constraints faced tapioca cultivation and eri rearing in Udalguri district, Assam. Primary data were collected from 120 respondents through a snowball sampling technique. The rearers encountered personal, social, land utilization, rearing, managerial, economic, marketing, transportation, and institutional challenges. Notable issues included lack of formal education, high labour wages, land scarcity, inadequate rearing facilities, limited knowledge on scientific practices, insufficient capital, price fluctuations, poor marketing infrastructure, transportation costs, and lack of need-based training. The respondents suggested interventions such as government support for infrastructure and equipment, need-based training, formation of cooperatives, effective marketing channels, financial assistance, value-added product training, community rearing centers, land allocation, and extensive plantation of secondary feed plants. Addressing these constraints through targeted strategies is essential for fostering the long-term sustainability of eri silk production and enhancing the socio-economic status of rearers.
Harvesting Efficiency: The Rise of Drone Technology in Modern Agriculture
Authors: Kalaiselvi P. , Chaurasia Jitendra , Krishnaveni A. , Krishnamoorthi A. , Singh Abhishek , Kumar Vijay , Sapna . , Labanya Rini
Published: April 2024

The articles delves into the transformative impact of drone technology on modern agriculture, specifically focusing on its role in enhancing harvesting efficiency. Drones, equipped with advanced sensors and imaging capabilities, have revolutionized traditional farming practices by offering real-time data collection and analysis. This abstract explores how drones facilitate precision agriculture through the optimization of harvesting processes, including crop monitoring, yield estimation, and targeted harvesting. By leveraging drones, farmers can make informed decisions to improve productivity, minimize waste, and maximize yield. The abstract highlights the integration of drone technology into agricultural operations as a sustainable solution to meet the growing demand for food production while minimizing environmental impact. Moreover, it underscores the need for further research and development to fully harness the potential of drones in modern agriculture and address challenges such as regulatory hurdles and cost-effectiveness.
Native Liquid Biofertilizer Consortia of Staphylococcus equorum, Bacillus velezensis and Staphylococcus epidermidis Enhanced the Growth of Nutmeg Seedlings
Authors: Salitha . , K. Surendra Gopal , R. Preetha , P. Sainamole Kurian , K. Smitha John , H.C. Vikram
Published: April 2024

Aims: The aim was to evaluate the three most distinct native liquid biofertilizer consortia on the growth of nutmeg seedlings under pot culture studies.
Study Design:  Completely Randomized Block Design.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Agricultural Microbiology, College of             Agriculture, Vellanikkara, Thrissur, Kerala and Block 10, Regional Agricultural Research Station, Ambalavayal, Wayanad, Kerala. The pot culture experiment was conducted from February 2023 to August 2023.
Methodology: The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized block design with three replications along with control. Each treatment was applied with a combination of NPK fertilizers (50% and 75% of recommended dose of fertilizer, based on soil test data). One treatment was composed of only organic fertilizers.
Results: The biofertilizer inoculation had a positive impact on the population of soil microbes, which indicates good soil health. Application of Staphylococcus equorum + Bacillus velezensis + Staphylococcus epidermidis (consortium – 2) along with 50% of the recommended dose of NPK fertilizers, recorded the highest plant growth parameters viz., plant height, leaf length, leaf breadth, stem diameter, leaf area, shoot dry weight, and maximum number of secondary roots. In most of the treatments, nutmeg shoot growth was higher when compared to root growth.
Conclusion: The present study indicated that inoculation of native liquid biofertilizer consortia enhanced the growth of nutmeg seedlings under pot culture studies in Wayanad. Hence liquid biofertilizer consortia can be utilized for earlier establishment of nutmeg seedlings and thereby reduce the dependency on the quantity of chemical fertilizers.
Impact of treatment‐related liver toxicity on the outcome of HCV‐positive non‐Hodgkin's lymphomas
Authors: Arcaini Luca , Merli Michele , Passamonti Francesco , Bruno Raffaele , Brusamolino Ercole , Sacchi Paolo , Rattotti Sara , Orlandi Ester , Rumi Elisa , Ferretti Virginia , Rizzi Silvia , Meli Erika , Pascutto Cristiana , Paulli Marco , Lazzarino Mario
Published: October 2009

We studied 160 Hepatitis C virus (HCV)‐positive patients with NHL (59 indolent NHL, 101 aggressive). Median age was 67 years. HCV‐RNA was present in 146. HBsAg was positive in seven patients. At diagnosis, ALT value was above UNL in 67 patients. One hundred and twenty patients received an anthracycline‐based therapy, alkylators, 28 received chemotherapy plus rituximab. Cytotoxic drugs dose was reduced in 63 patients. Among 93 patients with normal ALT at presentation, 16 patients developed WHO grade II–III liver toxicity. Among 67 patients with abnormal ALT, eight patients had a 3.5 times elevation during treatment. Among 28 patients treated with rituximab and chemotherapy, five patients (18%) developed liver toxicity. Thirty four patients (21%) did not complete treatment (eight for liver toxicity). Median progression‐free survival (PFS) for patients who experienced liver toxicity is significantly shorter than median PFS of patients without toxicity (respectively, 2 years and 3.7 years, P = 0.03). After a median F‐UP of 2 years, 32 patients died (three for hepatic failure). A significant proportion of patients with HCV+ NHL develop liver toxicity often leading to interruption of treatment. This could be a limit to the application of immunochemotherapy programs. HCV+ lymphomas represent a distinct clinical subset of NHL that deserves specific clinical approach to limit liver toxicity and ameliorate survival. Am. J. Hematol., 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.