bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PRÁTICAS EDUCATIVAS INOVADORAS ENTRE DOCENTES DO ENSINO SUPERIOR: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA
Authors: Silva Algeless Milka Pereira Meireles , Aquino Reinaldo Leandro Gomes , Dias Marcilene Araújo , Gómez Darwin Andrés Díaz
Published: March 2024

Objetivo: O objetivo do trabalho é caracterizar práticas educativas com potencial inovador mediadas pelas tecnologias digitais da informação e comunicação (TDIC) utilizadas por docentes no ensino superior a partir de estudos publicados na literatura. Métodos: Realizou-se uma revisão integrativa de literatura com artigos publicados entre 2011 e 2021 nas bases de dados Scielo, Web Of Science, EBSCO e Periódicos da CAPES, utilizando-se descritores, operadores boleanos, critérios de inclusão e exclusão. Resultados: Seguindo as estratégias de busca, encontraram-se 77 artigos publicados, sendo que cinco correspondem aos critérios estabelecidos. Os resultados mostram práticas educativas com potencial inovador no ensino superior por meio do uso das TDIC, entre elas, aplicativos de redes sociais e ambientes virtuais de aprendizagem (AVA), cursos de graduação e de formação continuada dirigido a docentes. Conclusão: Destaca-se a necessidade de realizar estudos que analisem os elementos dessas práticas e seu papel inovador frente à melhoria dos processos e resultados da aprendizagem. Além disso, ressalta-se a importância de compreender como se dá esse processo de inovação desde a perspectiva do sujeito que aprende e como percebe a transformação do processo de ensino e aprendizagem por meio do uso das tecnologias.
Yapısal Eşitlik Modellemesi Uygulamalarının Raporlanmasında Kullanılabilecek Bir Kontrol Listesi YEM-KL
Authors: Aydın Kasap Zeliha , Kurt Burçin , Albayrak Muammer , Turhan Kemal
Published: March 2024

Bu araştırmada, yapısal eşitlik modellemesi yöntemi uygulamalarının raporlanmasında bir standart oluşturulması için modelin tasarımı, modelin değerlendirilmesi, modelin modifikasyonu ve yorumlama/raporlama olmak üzere 4 ana başlık altında toplam 33 maddelik bir yapısal eşitlik modellemesi kontrol listesi (YEM-KL) nin oluşturulması amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmanın, özellikle sağlık alanında Türkçe yayınlanan YEM uygulamalarının yayın kalitelerinin arttırılmasına bir standart kılavuz niteliği sunması hedeflenmektedir.

YEM-KL maddelerini beş yazar detaylıca incelemiş ve her bir madde için uzlaşılarak maddelere son hali verilmiştir. Türkçe yayınlanan kontrol listesinin genellenebilirliğini değerlendirmek amacı ile alanında iki uzman, birbirinden bağımsız şekilde, 2015-2022 yılları arasında Sağlık Alanında Türkçe yayınlanan 15 YEM çalışmasının kalitelerini YEM-KL ile değerlendirmiştir. Değerlendiriciler arasındaki uyum istatistikleri Cohen in Kappa (κ) katsayısı ve sınıf içi korelasyon (SKK) katsayısı hesaplanmış, ayrıca Bland-Altman grafiği ile görselleştirilmiştir.

κ katsayılarına göre, 22 maddedenin mükemmel uyum olduğu, 5 maddede ise uyumun 0,81-1,00 aralığında olduğu 6 maddenin ise 0,61-0,80 aralığında olduğu görülmüştür. Akademisyenlerin toplam puanları arasındaki uyum SKK:0,932 (%95 GA: 0,811-0,977) olarak elde edilmiştir.

YEM uygulamalarının sağlık alanına entegrasyonunun yeni yeni gözlendiği ülkemizde, özellikle Türkçe yayınlanan tıp/sağlık dergilerinde çalışmaların ortak ölçütlerle sunulması, YEM uygulamalarının ve gelecekteki ilgili meta analizi çalışmalarının kalitelerinin artmasına katkı sağlayacaktır.
Ürostomili Hastanın Roy Uyum Modeline Temellendirilmiş Hemşirelik Bakımı: Olgu Sunumu
Authors: Akarsu Kamile , Ay Belma , Güler Sevil
Published: March 2024

Üriner yolda en sık görülen mesane kanseri nedeniyle radikal sistektomi uygulanan hastalarda idrarın vücuttan atılmasını sağlayan geçici veya kalıcı olabilen yeni bir yolun oluşturulması (ürostomi) gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmada, radikal sistektomi sonrası stomayı kabullenemeyen bir olgunun Roy Uyum Modeline temellendirilmiş hemşirelik bakımı tartışılmıştır. Mesane kanseri tanısı konulan hastaya üriner diversiyon uygulanarak kalıcı ürostomi açılmıştır. Hastanın ameliyat sonrası tedavi sürecine uyumda zorlandığı, ürostomi bakımını sadece eşinin yaptığı, hastanın o bölgeye hiç bakmadığı farkedilmiştir. Olgunun bakımı, Roy Uyum Modeline temellendirilerek planlanmıştır. Hastanın ürostomi gibi yaşam sürecini doğrudan etkileyen bir durumla karşı karşıya kalması, tedavi sürecine adaptasyonunu zorlaştırmaktadır. Bu bağlamda, hemşirelik bakımının bireysel özelliklere ve ihtiyaçlara göre uygun bir model ışığında planlanması önem kazanmaktadır.
Üniversite Sınavına Hazırlanan Lise Öğrencilerinin Yaşadığı Beslenme Sorunlarının Saptanması
Authors: Muslu Mücahit , Gözübek Çiğdem , Karlı Kevser , Bozali Hatice
Published: March 2024

Bu araştırma üniversite sınavına hazırlanan lise öğrencilerinin yaşadığı beslenme sorunlarını saptayarak güncel literatüre dayalı sağlık ve beslenme önerilerinin geliştirilmesini amaçlamaktadır. Tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel tipteki araştırma, Kastamonu Merkez’de ikamet eden 400 lise öğrencisi ile yapılmıştır. Öğrencilere yüz yüze Sosyodemografik Anket, Beslenme Durumu ve Davranışlarını Saptama Anketi ve Besin Tüketim Sıklığı Formu uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar BEBİS 9 ve NCSS 2020 Statistical Software programları ile değerlendirilmiştir. Besin tüketimlerinin değerlendirilmesinde Türkiye Beslenme Rehberi 2022 önerileri referans alınmıştır. Üniversite sınavına hazırlık sürecinin lise öğrencilerinde beslenme, fiziksel aktivite, uyku, psikolojik durum, sosyal yaşam, sıvı tüketimi ve iştah durumunu etkileyerek genel sağlık durumunu üzerinde olumsuz etki oluşturabileceği görülmüştür. Ayrıca beslenme ile ilgili olarak enerji, makro ve mikro besin ögesi alımlarında dengesizlikler, önerilmeyen beden kütle indeksi değerleri, kahvaltı başta olmak üzere öğün atlama, uygun olmayan besin tercihleri ve beslenme tutumları ile fazla kafein tüketimi sorunları saptanmıştır. Bu sorunların engellenmesi için öğrencilerin ihtiyaçlarına yönelik beslenme ve sağlık eğitimlerinin verilmesi, okulun ve çevresinin öğrenciler için sağlıklı yaşama uygun hale getirilmesi, kantinlerde ve yemekhanelerde gerekli besin çeşitliliğini sağlaması için mevzuatların geliştirilmesi, düzenli olarak okulların yemekhanelerinin ve kantinlerinin mevzuata uygunluğu konusunda denetlenmesi, gerekli yerlerde ücretsiz yemek veya zenginleştirilmiş besinlerin dağıtılması, öğrencilerin sağlığının korunmasının halk sağlığı politikası haline getirilmesi önerilmektedir.
Ultra İşlenmiş Besinler
Authors: Oruçoğlu Betül , Durmuş Emine , Kemaloğlu Mehmetcan
Published: March 2024

Tarih boyunca besinlerin daha uzun süre saklanabilmesi amacıyla çeşitli besin işleme yöntemleri (ateş, tuz ve havanın kullanılması, fermantasyon ve tütsüleme vb.) kullanılmıştır. Sanayileşme ile birlikte bu işleme yöntemlerinin amacı ve kapsamı da değişiklik göstermiştir. İşlenmiş besinler, gıdalardan/gıda substratlarından elde edilen veya sentezlenen bileşikler yoluyla üretilen endüstriyel formülasyonlar olarak tanımlanmakta ve NOVA sınıflandırılması ile karakterize edilmektedir. NOVA olarak adlandırılan bu sınıflandırmada besinler 'endüstriyel işlemenin kapsamı ve amacı' temelinde işlenmemiş/minimum düzeyde işlenmiş besinler, işlenmiş yemeklik katkılar, işlenmiş besinler ve ultra işlenmiş besinler olmak üzere dört gruba ayrılmıştır. Ultra-işlenmiş besinlerin tüketimi geçmişte yüksek gelirli ülkelerde, günümüzde ise orta ve düşük gelirli ülkelerde giderek artmaktadır. Bu besinler karakteristik olarak yüksek enerji yoğunluğu, yağ, şeker ve tuz içeriğine sahip; aşırı lezzetli, ucuz, çekici, tüketime hazır ve genellikle obezojenik ürünlerdir. Bu tür besinlerin tüketiminin artması ile obezite başta olmak üzere bulaşıcı olmayan hastalıkların prevalansı artış göstermektedir. Ultra işlenmiş besinlerin tüketimi, yetişkinlerde beden kütle indeksi, bel çevresi, vücut yağ yüzdesi ve visseral yağ dokusu artışına, çocuklarda bel çevresi artışı ve dislipidemiye, adölesanlarda ise metabolik sendroma yol açmaktadır. Ultra işlenmiş besinlerin daha fazla tüketilmesini sağlayacak biçimde paketlenmeleri ve agresif reklam stratejileri, beyin tepkisini manipüle ederek bireylerde yoğun uyarıya maruziyet sonucu aşırı tüketime yol açabilmektedir. Bu derlemede ultra işlenmiş besinlerin sağlık üzerine etkileri ve bu besinlerin alımını teşvik eden faktörlerin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Travmatik Doğum Algısına Neden Olan Faktörlerin İncelenmesi
Authors: Döner Şerife İrem , Kul Uçtu Arzu
Published: March 2024

ÖZ

Travmatik doğum deneyimi, kadının doğum sürecini kendisi ve bebeği için yaralanma veya ölüm tehdidi olarak algılamasıdır. Doğum eylemi sırasında birçok faktör travmatik doğum algısına neden olmaktadır. Bu çalışma katılımcıların travmatik doğum algısını belirlemek ve travmatik doğum algısına neden olan faktörlerin incelenmesi amacıyla yapıldı.

Çalışma, online platformda, 15 Kasım 2022- 15 Mart 2023 tarihleri arasında gerçekleştirilen tanımlayıcı tipteki bu çalışmaya, 197 kadın dâhil edildi. Verilerin toplanmasında, “Kişisel Bilgi Formu” ve “City Doğum Travması Ölçeği” kullanıldı.

Araştırmaya katılan kadınların %92,35’inin (n=181) travmatik doğum algısı yaşadığı belirlendi. Travmatik doğum algısı yaşayan kadınların %54,7’sinin (n=99) ise doğum eyleminden sonra 6 ay boyunca da doğuma bağlı travma yaşadıkları saptandı. Çalışmada, City Doğum Travması Ölçeğinin puan ortalamasının 14,51±13,37 olduğu belirlendi. Eğitim düzeyi üniversite ve üzeri olan, primipar olan, gebeliği planlı olmayan, sezaryen ile doğum yapan, doğum eylemi sırasında; acil sezaryen ile doğum yapan, oksitosin infüzyonu ve lavman uygulanan kadınlarda travmatik doğum algısı puanının daha yüksek olduğu belirlendi (p
Spor ve Farklı Değişkenlere Göre Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Kan Bağışı ile Vicdan Algılarının İncelenmesi
Authors: Tatlısu Bülent
Published: March 2024

Üniversite öğrencilerinin kan bağışı tutumları ile vicdan algılarının spor ve farklı değişkenlere göre incelenmesinin amaçlandığı bu çalışma da genel tarama modeli kullanılmıştır. Veri toplama araçları olarak araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen “Kişisel Bilgi Formu” ile birlikte “Kan Bağışı Tutum Ölçeği” ve “Vicdan Algısı Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Veriler SPSS 26.0 Windows paket programı ile analiz edilmiştir. Bağımsız değişkenin kategori sayısına bağlı olarak ikili gruplarda bağımsız örneklem t-Testi, çoklu gruplarda ise Tek Yönlü Varyans Analizi (ANOVA) ile Posthoc testlerinden Lsd testi kullanılmıştır. Analiz sonuçları ,05 anlamlılık düzeyine göre yorumlanmıştır. Araştırmada üniversite öğrencilerinin yaşlarının, aile gelir düzeylerinin, öğrenim gördükleri bölümlerinin, sınıf düzeylerinin, spor yapma durumlarının ve haftalık spor yapma sürelerinin Kan bağışı tutumları üzerinde etkili bir değişken olduğu; cinsiyetin, yapmış oldukları spor türünün ve spor yaşlarının etkili değişkenler olmadığı; vicdan algı durumlarını yaşlarının, öğrenim gördükleri bölümlerinin, sınıf düzeylerinin, spor yapma durumlarının, haftalık spor yapma sürelerinin ve spor yaşlarının etkilediği; cinsiyetin, aile gelir düzeylerinin ve yapmış oldukları spor türünün etkilemediği görülmüştür. Sonuç olarak sporun hem kan bağışı tutum durumuna hem de vicdan algı durumuna etken bir değişken olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Bibliometric Analysis of Oral Mucositis Studies in the Nursing Field: A Descriptive Study
Authors: Baysal Ebru , Aktan Gül Güneş
Published: March 2024

The research aims to conduct a bibliometric analysis of studies on oral mucositis in the field of nursing.

Data were obtained from the Scopus database using the keywords “oral mucositis”, “stomatitis”, “aphthous stomatitis” and “oral ulcer”. A total of 16,863 studies were accessed and 344 studies that met the inclusion criteria were examined. VOSviewer 1.6.20 was used to analyze the data. The most published and cited authors on oral mucositis in the field of nursing, the most cited publications, and the distribution of these publications by journals and institutions were examined. The network map of co-author-authors, institutions, and country connections, as well as the common keyword analysis map, were also examined.

It was discovered that publications and citations about oral mucositis in the nursing field have increased since 1990. It was determined that Laurie MacPhail was the most productive author, Chung Shan Medical University had the most publications, and the University of California had the most citations. The author with the most collaborations as a co-author was Rebecca Stone (3 co-authored articles, three clusters, 10 links, and 12 total link strength), the co-author-institution was Chung Shan Medical University (3 articles, 1 cluster, 12 links, and 12 total link strength), and the co-author- country was the United States (81 articles, 3 clusters, 15 links, and a total link strength of 19). Nutrients is the most widely published journal in this field, and the Journal of Pain and Symptom Management is the most cited. "Oral mucositis" is the most frequently used keyword in publications.

According to study results, the most published and most cited authors and institutions in this field are in the United States. Although Turkey is one of the top three countries in terms of publications and citations, the visibility of our institutions is limited because the authors do not cooperate. There have been few studies on OM-related pain, evidence-based practice, lymphoma, multiple myeloma, and pediatric oncology patients.
Sağlık Çalışanlarında Covid- 19 Korkusu, Aşırı İş Yükü ve İşten Ayrılma Niyeti Arasındaki İlişkilerin Değerlendirilmesi: Tanımlayıcı Bir Araştırma
Authors: Dönmez Barış , Sarıçoban Sinem , Ulusoy Hatice
Published: March 2024

Bu çalışmada sağlık çalışanlarının Covid-19 korkusu, aşırı iş yükü ve işten ayrılma niyetlerinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmanın evrenini Sivas Numune Hastanesinde çalışan hekim, hemşire ve diğer sağlık personeli oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma kapsamında 125 sağlık çalışanına ulaşılmıştır. Veri toplamak amacıyla sosyodemografik ve işle ilgili soruların yer aldığı Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Covid-19 Korkusu Ölçeği, Aşırı İş Yükü Ölçeği ve İşten Ayrılma Niyeti Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Veriler Mart-Mayıs 2022 tarihleri arasında Google Forms aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Araştırmada sağlık çalışanlarının Covid-19 Korkusu ölçeği puan ortalaması 17,28±7,41, aşırı iş yükü ölçeği puan ortalaması 3,02±1,02 ve işten yarılma niyeti ölçeği puan ortalaması 2,60±1,25 olarak bulunmuştur. Ayrıca Covid-19 korkusu ile aşırı iş yükü arasında pozitif yönlü, anlamlı ve orta düzeyde (p= 0,371) ilişki saptanmıştır. Covid-19 korkusu ile işten ayrılma niyeti arasında ise pozitif yönlü, anlamlı ancak zayıf (r= 0,271) ilişki olduğu belirlenmiştir. Aşırı iş yükü ile işten ayrılma niyeti arasında ise pozitif yönlü, anlamlı ve orta düzeyde (r= 0,622) ilişki olduğu bulunmuştur. Bu çalışmada sağlık çalışanlarının işten ayrılma niyeti ve Covid-19 korkusunun orta düzeyde, aşırı iş yükü algısının ise ortanın üstünde olduğu saptanmıştır. Sağlık çalışanlarının iş yükü arttıkça Covid-19 korku düzeyleri artmaktadır. Bununla birlikte Covid-19 korkusunun artması sağlık çalışanlarının işten ayrılma niyetinin de artmasına sebep olmaktadır.
A Snapshot Survey of Nearby Supernovae with the Hubble Space Telescope
Authors: Baer-Way Raphael , DeGraw Asia , Zheng WeiKang , Van Dyk Schuyler D. , Filippenko Alexei V. , Fox Ori D. , Brink Thomas G. , Kelly Patrick L. , Smith Nathan , Vasylyev Sergiy S. , de Jaeger Thomas , Zhang Keto , Stegman Samantha , Ross Timothy , Yunus Sameen
Published: March 2024

Over recent decades, robotic (or highly automated) searches for supernovae (SNe) have discovered several thousand events, many of them in quite nearby galaxies (distances < 30 Mpc). Most of these SNe, including some of the best-studied events to date, were found before maximum brightness and have associated with them extensive follow-up photometry and spectroscopy. Some of these discoveries are so-called “SN impostors,” thought to be superoutbursts of luminous blue variable stars, although possibly a new, weak class of massive-star explosions. We conducted a Snapshot program with the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) and obtained images of the sites of 31 SNe and four impostors, to acquire late-time photometry through two filters. The primary aim of this project was to reveal the origin of any lingering energy for each event, whether it is the result of radioactive decay or, in some cases, ongoing late-time interaction of the SN shock with preexisting circumstellar matter, or the presence of a light echo. Alternatively, lingering faint light at the SN position may arise from an underlying stellar population (e.g., a host star cluster, companion star, or a chance alignment). The results from this study complement and extend those from Snapshot programs by various investigators in previous HST cycles.
JWST Reveals a Luminous Infrared Source at the Position of the Failed Supernova Candidate N6946-BH1
Authors: Beasor Emma R. , Hosseinzadeh Griffin , Smith Nathan , Davies Ben , Jencson Jacob E. , Pearson Jeniveve , Sand David J.
Published: March 2024

N6946-BH1 (BH1) is the first plausible candidate for a failed supernova (SN), a peculiar event in which a massive star disappears without the expected bright SN, accompanied by collapse into a black hole (BH). Following a luminous outburst in 2009, the source experienced a significant decline in optical brightness, while maintaining a persistent IR presence. While it was proposed to be a potential failed SN, such behavior has been observed in SN impostor events in nearby galaxies. Here, we present late-time observations of BH1, taken 14 yr after disappearance, using JWST’s NIRCam and MIRI instruments to probe a never before observed region of the object’s spectral energy distribution (SED). We show for the first time that all previous observations of BH1 (pre- and postdisappearance) are actually a blend of at least three sources. In the near-infrared, BH1 is notably fainter than the progenitor but retains similar brightness to its state in 2017. In the mid-infrared the flux appears to have brightened compared to the inferred fluxes from the best-fitting progenitor model. The total luminosity of the source is between 13% and 25% that of the progenitor. We also show that the IR SED appears consistent with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon features that arise when dust is illuminated by near-ultraviolet radiation. At present, the interpretation of BH1 remains uncertain. The observations match expectations for a stellar merger, but theoretical ambiguity in the failed SN hypothesis makes it hard to dismiss.
Physical Properties of Molecular Clouds in the Overlap Region of the Merging Antennae Galaxies
Authors: Krahm Grace , Finn Molly K. , Indebetouw Remy , Johnson Kelsey E. , Kamenetzky Julia , Bemis Ashley
Published: March 2024

As the closest major galaxy merger and home to thousands of super star clusters (SSCs), the Antennae Galaxies (NGC 4038 and NGC 4039) are an important location to study the molecular clouds at sites of vigorous star formation. We cataloged giant molecular clouds (GMCs) in the region where the two galaxies overlap using high-resolution (∼0.″1–10 pc) Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array observations of the 12CO(2−1) and 13CO(2−1) emission lines. Of the 72 individual GMCs identified in the overlap region, 17 are within uncertainties of having the necessary mass, pressure, and size needed to form SSCs. Of those 17 GMCs, only one has significant ionizing radiation, indicating that the birth environments are likely still intact in the 16 other GMCs. We compared the physical properties calculated from 12CO(2−1) GMC data with observations of 10 other galaxies obtained using the same emission line and similar resolution. Compared to other sources in this sample, the GMCs from the Antennae, as well as in other starbursts and in the centers of galaxies, have the highest luminosities, surface densities, and turbulent pressures. The GMCs in starbursts and at the centers of galaxies also have large line widths, although the line widths in the Antennae are among the widest. These comparative results also indicate that the Antennae GMCs have the highest virial parameters despite their high densities.
Irradiated Disks May Settle into Staircases
Authors: Kutra Taylor , Wu Yanqin , Lithwick Yoram
Published: March 2024

Much of a protoplanetary disk is thermally controlled by irradiation from the central star. Such a disk, long thought to have a smoothly flaring shape, is unstable due to the so-called irradiation instability. But what is the outcome of such an instability? In particular, is it possible that such a disk settles into a shape that is immune to the instability? We combine Athena++ with a simplified thermal treatment to show that passively heated disks settle into a staircase shape. Here, the disk is punctuated by bright rings and dark gaps, with the bright rings intercepting the lion’s share of stellar illumination, and the dark gaps are hidden in their shadows. The optical surface of such a disk (the height at which starlight is absorbed) resembles a staircase. Although our simulations do not have realistic radiative transfer, we use the RADMC-3D code to show that this steady state is in good thermal equilibrium. It is possible that realistic disks reach such a state via ways not captured by our simulations. In contrast to our results here, two previous studies have claimed that irradiated disks stay smooth. We show here that they err on different issues. The staircase state, if confirmed by more sophisticated radiative hydrodynamic simulations, has a range of implications for disk evolution and planet formation.
Under Einstein’s Microscope: Measuring Properties of Individual Rotating Massive Stars from Extragalactic Microcaustic Crossings
Authors: Han Xu , Dai Liang
Published: March 2024

Highly magnified stars residing in caustic crossing lensed galaxies at z ≃ 0.7–1.5 in galaxy cluster lensing fields inevitably exhibit recurrent brightening events as they traverse a microcaustic network cast down by foreground intracluster stars. The detectable ones belong to nature’s most massive and luminous class of stars, with evolved blue supergiants being the brightest ones at optical wavelengths. Considering single stars in this work, we study to what extent intrinsic stellar parameters are measurable from multifilter light curves, which can be obtained with optical/near-IR space telescopes during one or multiple caustic crossing events. We adopt a realistic model for the axisymmetric surface brightness profiles of rotating O/B stars and develop a numerical lensing code that treats finite source size effects. With a single microcaustic crossing, the ratio of the surface rotation velocity to the breakup value is measurable to a precision of ∼0.1–0.2 for feasible observation parameters with current space telescopes, with all unknown intrinsic and extrinsic parameters marginalized over and without a degeneracy with inclination. Equatorial radius and bolometric luminosity can be measured to 1/3 and 2/3 of the fractional uncertainty in the microcaustic strength, for which the value is not known at each crossing but an informative prior can be obtained from theory. Parameter inference precision may be further improved if multiple caustic crossing events for the same lensed star are jointly analyzed. Our results imply new opportunities to survey individual massive stars in star formation sites at z ≃ 0.7–1.5 or beyond.
Aliasing from Galactic Plane Setting in Widefield Radio Interferometry
Authors: Barry N. , Line J. L. B. , Lynch C. R. , Kriele M. , Cook J.
Published: March 2024

Measurements with widefield radio interferometers often include the near-infinite gradient between the sky and the horizon. This causes aliasing inherent to the measurement itself and is purely a consequence of the Fourier basis. For this reason, the horizon is often attenuated by the instrumental beam down to levels deemed inconsequential. However, this effect is enhanced via our own Galactic plane as it sets over the course of a night. We show all-sky simulations of the Galactic plane setting in a low-frequency radio interferometer in detail for the first time. We then apply these simulations to the Murchison Widefield Array to show that a beam attenuation of 0.1% is not sufficient in some precision science cases. We determine that the noise statistics of the residual data image are drastically more Gaussian with aliasing removal, and explore consequences in simulation for cataloging of extragalactic sources and 21 cm Epoch of Reionization detection via the power spectrum.
Extinction along Sightlines Sampled by the APO Catalog of DIBs
Authors: Xing 邢 Helena 妍 , Sullivan Ailish , Seuret Halis , Morera-Boado Cercis , Harriott Tina A. , Majaess Daniel , Massa Lou , Matta Chérif F.
Published: March 2024

Identification of molecular carriers for diffuse interstellar bands (DIBs) may stem in part from the determination of interrelated lines using the Apache Point Observatory Catalog of DIBs. However, Pearson correlations may be impacted by the number of interstellar clouds along the sightlines. The trend of extinction with distance was constrained using Bayestar19 and Gaia DR3, and clouds were identified via step-functions and extended increasing linear progressions may be indicative of traversal through dense spiral arms. Thirteen sightlines are likely observed through more than one cloud. The hypergiants HD168625 and VI Cyg 12 are contaminated by local nebulosity and circumstellar disks. New findings presented here support the reddenings cited within the Apache Point Observatory catalog of DIBs.
A new loach species of the genus Oreonectes (Teleostei, Cypriniformes, Nemacheilidae) from Guangxi, China
Authors: Luo Xue-Ming , Yang Rui-Gang , Du Li-Na , Luo Fu-Guang
Published: March 2024

A new loach species, Oreonectes andongensissp. nov. is described from the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China. The new species can be differentiated from other members of the genus by combinations of characters: a developed posterior chamber of the swim bladder, 13–14 branched caudal-fin rays, 8–16 lateral-line pores, body width 12–15% of standard length (SL), interorbital width 42–47% of head length (HL), and caudal peduncle length 11–16% of SL. Bayesian inference phylogenetic analysis based on mitochondrial Cyt b provided strong support for validity of O. andongensissp. nov. (uncorrected p-distance 6.0–7.5%).
Le procès Eichmann dans l’espace médiatique allemand : une « maîtrise du passé » réussie ?
Authors: Théofilakis Fabien
Published: March 2024

En mai 1960, l’annonce de l’arrestation d’Adolf Eichmann fait immédiatement la une. Six mois plus tard s’ouvre à Jérusalem son procès. L’événement agite tout particulièrement la société allemande : 15 ans après la fin de la Seconde Guerre mondiale, il fournit à chaque Allemand le moyen de se confronter avec les crimes du « III e Reich » commis en son nom. Pourtant, dans une société qui a eu tendance à reléguer cet héritage comme un passé révolu, le risque existe de laisser passer l’occasion. Des initiatives citoyennes lancent alors des expositions ou des comités ad hoc qui doivent transformer le procès en Israël en heure de vérité en RFA. La contribution interroge les liens entre médiatisation et rapport au passé nazi de l’Allemagne en analysant en quoi ces initiatives utilisent les médias comme un outil pédagogique de mobilisation et rééducation des opinions en temps de guerre froide.
L’Allemagne et le génocide des Yézidis, pratiques judiciaires et reconnaissance politique
Authors: von Wistinghausen Natalie , Zunino Bérénice , Théofilakis Fabien , Pellissier Béatrice
Published: March 2024

Depuis 2020, de nombreux procès – les premiers au monde – ont été organisés en Allemagne contre des membres de l’« État Islamique » impliqués dans le génocide des Yézidis en Irak en 2014. Dans cet entretien, Natalie von Wistinghausen, avocate au Barreau de Berlin, livre son point de vue de juriste sur ces procédures pénales pour génocide. Elle y explique leurs modalités juridiques et replace le rôle précurseur de l’Allemagne dans le contexte historique, de la création de la Cour pénale internationale à la guerre en Ukraine. Cette reconnaissance judiciaire n’est toutefois qu’une première étape vers une reconnaissance politique et internationale.
L’Allemagne et la Namibie : comment (ne pas) assumer le génocide
Authors: Melber Henning , Théofilakis Fabien
Published: March 2024

En 2015, l’Allemagne reconnaît que les formes et les conséquences de la guerre coloniale dans le Sud-Ouest africain (aujourd’hui République de Namibie) sont assimilables à un génocide. Les négociations bilatérales avec le gouvernement namibien ont abouti en mai 2021 à une déclaration commune. Les principaux organismes représentant les descendants des victimes n’ont pas été inclus dans le processus. Dans la déclaration commune, l’Allemagne rejette toute responsabilité juridique du génocide et n’accepte aucune obligation de réparation. L’article résume les écueils de cet accord. Il suggère que les raisons de cette approche timide pourraient résider, dans une certaine mesure, dans la crainte qu’une responsabilité juridique totale impliquant des réparations ne crée un précédent aux implications considérables, tant pour l’Allemagne que pour d’autres anciennes puissances coloniales.
Retour tardif à Nuremberg ? Du TMI à la création de la cour pénale internationale permanente
Authors: Weinke Annette , Zunino Bérénice
Published: March 2024

Alors que l’État allemand est devenu l’un des plus ardents défenseurs du droit pénal international (DPI) dans le monde, comme en témoignent ses importantes contributions annuelles à la Cour pénale internationale de La Haye et l’application du principe de compétence universelle, la question de savoir comment une compréhension historique contestée des différents passés génocidaires de pays a influencé ses récentes « politiques de DPI » (Mégret) est restée un angle mort notable dans les débats publics et historiographiques actuels. En se fondant sur une approche qui considère les attitudes changeantes de l’Allemagne de l’Ouest pendant la guerre froide envers différentes formes de violence génocidaire comme une préhistoire du présent, l’article traite de l’interaction entre mémoire et droit international dans une perspective de longue durée.
La relecture skinnérienne des actes de parole
Authors: Jobard Benjamin
Published: March 2024

L’une des profondes originalités de Quentin Skinner tient à l’extension conjointe, en histoire, des conceptions wittgensteiniennes de l’« intentionalité » et de la théorie des actes de parole à laquelle John L. Austin a donné naissance. Considérant pourtant que ce dernier a échoué à définir ce en quoi consistent l’acte « illocutoire » et sa reconnaissance, Quentin Skinner reprend à son compte les conceptions dites « intentionnalistes » des actes de parole telles qu’elles ont été formulées par certains philosophes comme Paul Grice, Peter F. Strawson et John R. Searle. Mais ce recours n’est pas sans poser de problèmes : c’est ce dont cet article tente de rendre compte.
Projet familial et condition noire dans le système d’éducation supérieur brésilien. Les jeunes étudiants du programme Abdias Nascimento
Authors: Rodrigues Tatiane C. , Cruz Ana Cristina , Abramowicz Anete
Published: March 2024

Faire ses études au lycée ou dans l’enseignement supérieur constitue aujourd’hui encore un défi de tout premier ordre dans le contexte éducatif brésilien. De 2017 à 2019, le ministère brésilien de l’Éducation a mis en œuvre le programme Abdias Nascimento dans le but d’assurer la mobilité internationale des étudiants des groupes minoritaires historiquement discriminés. Mis en place dans 30 universités brésiliennes, dont l’Université fédérale de São Carlos (UFSCar), ce programme a permis de promouvoir la mobilité d’étudiants noirs dans des centres de recherche à l’étranger, notamment aux États-Unis, en France ou en Colombie. L’objectif de cet article est d’analyser les effets du Programme Abdias-UFSCar sur le projet éducatif des familles des étudiants en ayant bénéficié. L’article s’appuie sur des questionnaires et des entretiens semi-structurés avec des membres de deux familles ayant participé au programme. L’objectif est de montrer les déplacements qui interviennent dans le champ social, en produisant des ruptures et des transformations dans la configuration familiale et communautaire.
Familles noires africaines, migration et éducation de la petite enfance au Brésil
Authors: Santiago Flavio , Oriel Pereira Artur , Ernst Daniela Carolina
Published: March 2024

Au Brésil, les migrants noirs africains subissent les effets de la xénophobie et sont victimes de pratiques racistes dans divers secteurs sociaux. Cette problématique dans le contexte de l’éducation de la petite enfance apparaît dans le travail éducatif et construit des idées autour du sujet noir africain. Dans cette perspective, cet article cherche à discuter du processus de racialisation dans l’intégration et l’accueil des enfants noirs africains âgés de 0 à 5 ans et de leurs familles, perçu dans les représentations des enseignants du réseau éducatif municipal de la ville de São Paulo. À cette fin, des entretiens semi-structurés ont été menés avec cinq enseignants en vue de comprendre les questions soulevées ici. Les analyses ont été réalisées avec des apports théoriques issus de la sociologie de l’enfance, des études sur les migrations et des relations raciales. Ce travail vise à élargir le champ des études sur l’enfance et la migration, la compréhension de la racialisation des enfants migrants africains et de leurs familles.
L’expérience des mères autochtones en couple mixte face aux discriminations raciales vécues par leur(s) enfant(s)
Authors: Lajus Claire
Published: March 2024

L’article porte sur le point de vue que les mères blanches autochtones en couple mixte vivant en Italie ont vis-à-vis des discriminations vécues par leurs enfants et sur les stratégies qu’elles mettent en place pour y faire face. L’expérience parentale face au vécu discriminatoire lié à l’origine et à la couleur de peau des enfants de couples mixtes en Italie est peu connue. Cette question représente pourtant un important enjeu de la parentalité dans le processus d’inclusion sociale des enfants, dans un contexte postcolonial. Une recherche menée en Italie du Nord auprès de parents italiens et africains subsahariens a permis de montrer le rôle de sensibilisation à la diversité ethnique et mélanique que jouent ces mères dans la relation avec leurs enfants. L’étude interroge les relations avec l’école comme lieu attendu d’une alliance éducative et de prévention des discriminations.
La mobilisation des pères de familles populaires par les enseignant·e·s : des effets sur les mères qui interrogent l’idéal égalitaire
Authors: Riban Chloé , Noûs Camille
Published: March 2024

Ce texte analyse conjointement le quotidien de mères de familles populaires, notamment le caractère central de leur rôle parental, les rapports genrés dans lesquels elles s’inscrivent, et le regard que les représentants et représentantes de l’institution scolaire posent sur ces organisations familiales. L’impératif social d’égalité dans le couple parental explique que les enseignants et enseignantes cherchent parfois à rétablir plus d’équité en mobilisant les pères. Mais cela a lieu pour des occasions particulières, ou lors d’un appel à davantage d’autorité, ce qui témoigne d’une persistance des représentations stéréotypées des rôles parentaux, et entraîne des formes de discrédit des mères. Issue d’une enquête à visée ethnographique et par entretiens axée sur l’école dans le quotidien de mères de familles populaires ayant un parcours migratoire, la problématique interroge les effets de la posture des équipes éducatives et le caractère situé de leurs représentations.
L’emphase dans les entretiens des éducateurs de l’enfance avec les parents : une perspective d’analyse des interactions
Authors: Zogmal Marianne
Published: March 2024

Cette contribution s’intéresse à la notion de partenariat avec les parents et notamment aux pratiques concrètes réalisées lors des entretiens entre les parents et les professionnel.le.s de la petite enfance. Pour étudier les processus langagiers et interactionnels de ces entretiens, des enregistrements vidéo permettent de mobiliser une perspective d’analyse des interactions. La partie empirique porte sur un entretien de parents ainsi que sur les analyses menées dans un dispositif de formation concernant un deuxième entretien de parents. Elle permet ainsi de croiser les points de vue de la recherche et ceux des professionnel.le.s de terrain. Les entretiens étudiés présentent des épisodes marqués par des phénomènes d’emphase et d’accentuation des mots, des gestes et des expressions faciales. La perspective interactionnelle adoptée permet de décrire et d’identifier ces phénomènes d’emphase et d’interroger leurs spécificités dans le champ de l’éducation de la petite enfance.
Surface modification of carbon nanotubes and their nanocomposites for fuel cell applications: A review
Authors: Okafor Okechukwu , Popoola Abimbola , Popoola Olawale , Adeosun Samson
Published: March 2024

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have drawn great attention as potential materials for energy conversion and storage systems such as batteries, supercapacitors, and fuel cells. Among these energy conversion and storage systems, the fuel cells had stood out owing to their high-power density, energy conversion efficiency and zero greenhouse gasses emission. In fuel cells, CNTs have been widely studied as catalyst support, bipolar plates and electrode material due to their outstanding mechanical strength, chemical stability, electrical and thermal conductivity, and high specific surface area. The use of CNT has been shown to enhance the electrocatalytic performance of the catalyst, corrosion resistivity, improve the transmission performance of the fuel cell and reduce the cost of fuel cells. The use of CNTs in fuel cells has drastically reduced the use of noble metals. However, the major drawback to the utilization of pristine CNTs in fuel cells are; poor dispersion, agglomeration, and insolubility of CNTs in most solvents. Surface engineering of CNTs and CNT nanocomposites has proven to remarkably remedy these challenges and significantly enhanced the electrochemical performance of fuel cells. This review discusses the different methods of surface modification of CNTs and their nanocomposite utilized in fuel cell applications. The effect of CNTs in improving the performance of fuel cell catalyst, membrane electrode assembly and bipolar plates of fuel cells. The interaction between the CNTs catalyst support and the catalyst is also reviewed. Lastly, the authors outlined the challenges and recommendations for future study of surface functionalized CNTs composite for fuel cell application.
Tubular surface generated by a curve lying on a regular surface and its characterizations
Authors: Abdel-Salam A. A. , Elashiry M. I. , Khalifa Saad M.
Published: March 2024

In this research, we have constructed and studied special tubular surfaces in Euclidean 3-space $ \mathbb{R}^{3} $. We examined the singularities and geometrical properties of these surfaces. We achieved some significant results for these surfaces via Darboux frame. Also, we have proposed a few geometric invariants that illustrate the geometric characteristics of these surfaces, such as tubular Weingarten surfaces, using the traditional methods of differential geometry. Additionally, taking advantage of the singularity theory, we have given the classification of generic singularities of these surfaces. At last, we have presented some computational examples as an instance of use to validate our theoretical findings.
Traveling-wave and numerical investigations to nonlinear equations via modern computational techniques
Authors: Alharbi Taghread Ghannam , Alharbi Abdulghani
Published: March 2024

In this study, we investigate the traveling wave solutions of the Gilson-Pickering equation using two different approaches: F-expansion and (1/G$ ^\prime $)-expansion. To carry out the analysis, we perform a numerical study using the implicit finite difference approach on a uniform mesh and the parabolic-Monge-Ampère (PMA) method on a moving mesh. We examine the truncation error, stability, and convergence of the difference scheme implemented on a fixed mesh. MATLAB software generates accurate representations of the solution based on specified parameter values by creating 3D and 2D graphs. Numerical simulations with the finite difference scheme demonstrate excellent agreement with the analytical solutions, further confirming the validity of our approaches. Convergence analysis confirms the stability and high accuracy of the implemented scheme. Notably, the PMA method performs better in capturing intricate wave interactions and dynamics that are not readily achievable with a fixed mesh.
Analysis of a stochastic two-species Schoener's competitive model with Lévy jumps and Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process
Authors: Song Yajun , Hu Ruyue , Wu Yifan , Ai Xiaohui
Published: March 2024

This paper studies a stochastic two-species Schoener's competitive model with Lévy jumps by the mean-reverting Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process. First, the biological implication of introducing the Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process is illustrated. After that, we show the existence and uniqueness of the global solution. Moment estimates for the global solution of the stochastic model are then given. Moreover, by constructing the Lyapunov function and applying Itô's formula and Chebyshev's inequality, it is found that the model is stochastic and ultimately bounded. In addition, we give sufficient conditions for the extinction of species. Finally, numerical simulations are employed to demonstrate the analytical results.
Confederate Agency of Things: Maurice Scully’s Tig
Authors: Pietrzak Wit
Published: March 2024

The essay argues that Maurice Scully’s Tig, the concluding volume in his Things That Happen project, represents what Jane Bennett has termed confederate or distributive agency, whereby the material world, both animate and inanimate, becomes agentive through its capacity of expression. Semiotically active, things reveal a vitality and expressiveness that classic humanism regarded as solely a feature of humans. Scully’s formal experiments, discussed under the rubric of what Derek Attridge terms “the creation of the other”, offer particularly apt instantiations of the capacity of things to participate in textual production. One of the most fruitful ways of reading Scully’s work is through attending to how he shifts emphasis from the poetic self as the centre of expression onto the material world, which in his poems becomes a space of tensions between an order and its perpetual dispersal, a space best understood following Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari’s idea of the rhizome.
“Our world is interwoven”: Micheal O’Siadhail and The Five Quintets
Authors: O’Brien Eugene
Published: March 2024

This article examines Micheal O’Siadhail’s 2018 collection The Five Quintets. It offers a placement of this collection as inheriting the grand modernist narratives that poets like T. S. Eliot and Ezra Pound set out in The Waste Land, Four Quartets and The Cantos. O’Siadhail’s complex poetic, thematic and stanzaic structures are examined, as are the detailed and expansive range of thinkers and writers who appear in his work. Each of the five quintets is divided into five canti, which are then further broken down in sections, with each written in a different form. In each quintet, we meet a series of personages from the last several hundred years in art, music, literature (“Making”), commerce and economics (“Dealing”), politics and governance (“Steering”), science and mathematics (“Finding”), and theology (“Meaning”).
Sounding the Anthropocene in the Poetry of Ciaran Berry
Authors: Flannery Eóin
Published: March 2024

The essay focuses on the “anthropocene poetics” of the Irish poet, Ciaran Berry. A selection of poems from Berry’s first two collections are addressed: “For the Birds” and “Electrocuting an Elephant” from The Sphere of Birds (2008), and “The Dead Zoo”, “Darwin in the Galapagos” and “Polar Bear” from The Dead Zoo (2013). Those works are read in terms of their poetic engagement with what David Farrier terms “anthropocene poetics”, a poetics that meditates upon historical “deep time”, evolutionary histories, and extinction. Such a “poetics of the Anthropocene”, in Farrier’s estimation, “can help us to appreciate in new ways what it means to live enfolded by deep time”. Tallying with James Longenbach, attention is devoted to the politics and the ethics of poetic form. Our readings also attend to the nature of human / non-human kinship relations as they are refracted to the formal patterns of the poetry.
Léon Cordes écrivain et paysan. L’expérience du Paysan du Midi (fin des années 1940 - début des années 1950) : un billet d’humeur en occitan dans la presse agricole en français
Authors: Gardy Philippe
Published: March 2024

Léon Cordes (1913-1987) was a winegrower in the Minervois before the war, a horticulturalist in Lattes, near Montpellier, after the Liberation, an Occitan-speaking writer and a defender of the language that was his own. As a singer and theater performer, including on stage, Cordes was a popular educator, passionately seeking to forge links with a public that was still often Occitan-speaking by birth. Not surprisingly, in the early 1950s, he became involved with the new trade publication Le Paysan du Midi, founded and directed by Philippe Lamour (1903-1992), the father, among others, of that emblematic land development project, the Compagnie du Bas-Rhône. In 1952, under a pseudonym, he published a weekly humor column in Occitan, Sul pic de Miegjorn (Sur le coup de Midi), in Le Paysan du Midi, in which he commented on current events in vineyards, wine and much more, in a serious tone that was nonetheless full of critical verve. Cordes sought and found a tone in a language that was both deeply rooted and easy to understand, somewhere between theater, public intervention and complicity with his audience of winegrowers. This experience of "literacy" in an essentially oral language did not last, but it did reveal the difficult questions posed by an intervention in Occitan in a widely circulated French periodical.
Forging Trust
Authors: Damodaran Dhinakaran , Damodaran Selvaraj , Thiyagarajan M. , Srinivasan L.
Published: March 2024

This chapter delves into the dynamic integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) in redefining trust in the digital age. Traditional trust-building methods encounter transformation through the capabilities of AI and ML, presenting both challenges and opportunities. The exploration encompasses ethical considerations in trustworthy algorithms, transparency in automated decision systems, and the crucial role of data in risk prediction. It delves into the reshaping of security and privacy paradigms, addressing bias, and fostering collaboration between humans and machines in trust manufacturing. The chapter also investigates the role of emotional intelligence in AI-enabled trust. In presenting a comprehensive overview, it contributes to the discourse on potential future scenarios where AI and ML revolutionize the establishment and scaling of trust in an interconnected digital landscape.
Contemporary Strategies: Incorporating Immunotherapy into Stage 3 Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Treatment
Authors: Kang Da Hyun , Chung Chaeuk
Published: March 2024

Stage 3 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) exhibits significant diversity, making it challenging to define an optimal treatment. A collaborative multidisciplinary approach is essential in crafting individualized treatments. Previously, targeted therapies and immunotherapies were commonly used to treat patients with advanced and metastatic lung cancer. Such treatments are now being extended to individuals considered surgery, as well as patients once considered unsuitable for surgery. These changes have increased surgical success and substantially reduced postoperative recurrence. However, the possibility of severe adverse effects from immunotherapy can deter some patients from performing surgery. It is essential to carefully explore the clinical traits and biomarkers of patients who may benefit the most from immunotherapy, and patients for whom immunotherapy should not be prescribed. In summary, it’s crucial to effectively integrate the latest immunotherapy in treating stage 3 NSCLC patients, thereby increasing their opportunities for surgical intervention, and ensuring they receive the best possible care.