bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Pacific Crest Trail Quantitative Investigation of Land Management Issues
Authors: Goldenberg Marni , Schwab Keri , Lier Theo , Murray June , Bilhorn Terra
Published: December 2023

The Pacific Crest Trail (PCT) is a National Scenic Trail that extends approximately 2,653 miles from the border of California and Mexico to the border of Washington State and Canada. This study examined land management and hiker issues that day, overnight, and thru-hikers experience in California while navigating the PCT in order to inform land managers. This quantitative survey, completed through Qualtrics, was disseminated to thru-hikers who completed the trail between 2017 and 2021, and individuals who used the trail for shorter durations. Survey questions focused on technology, Trail Angels, rule enforcement by land management agencies, the permitting process by the Pacific Crest Trail Association (PCTA), hiker education, and hiker demographics. Descriptive statistics were calculated and analyzed. Results indicate that most hikers prefer articles on the PCTA website, Leave No Trace (LNT) website, and certifications to gain education about the trail. They also felt that personal contacts were the most effective way to gain pre-trip education. Almost all hikers use technology on the trail, such as navigation or informational apps, emergency calls, taking photos, and listening to videos or music. More thru-hikers rely on navigational apps than day/overnight users. Many hikers felt there should be more rangers in the backcountry but also felt that social enforcement of rules is effective. Regarding Trail Angels, thru-hikers felt they were important for transportation, food/water, and shelter. Managerial implications for public land managers included a need to develop ways to educate users. This can be done in-person, online, or through signage. Increasing the presence of rangers or volunteers on the trail was also recommended, as well as developing area or jurisdiction-specific apps for information and education about trail conditions or rules. Additional education of sustainable hiking behaviors may help mitigate potential negative impacts hikers may have on the environment. Land managers must continue to assess what is currently being done and re-evaluate on an ongoing basis in order to preserve and maintain sustainable use of public lands.
Prześladowanie chrześcijan w czasach panowania cesarza Licyniusza
Authors: Dźwigała Katarzyna Maria
Published: December 2023

Licyniusz był władcą, który zmieniał swój stosunek do chrześcijan. Najpierw zagwarantował im wolność wyznania, następnie prześladował ich. Celem artykułu jest analiza tego, co na temat tych prześladowań mówią źródła powstałe w czasie panowania Licyniusza lub krótko po nim. Analiza źródeł pokazuje, że szczegóły prześladowań za Licyniusza znane są jedynie z dzieł Euzebiusza z Cezarei. Jednak choć przedstawia on Licyniusza w złym świetle, by uzasadnić wojnę między nim a Konstantynem, to inne źródła potwierdzają to, że za Licyniusza dochodziło do prześladowań, choć miały one ograniczony zakres.
Kobieta na rynku pracy w Polsce. Analizy przestrzenne, przekrojowe, czasowe
Authors: Lewandowska-Gwarda Karolina
Published: December 2023

Głównym celem opisanego w książce badania była ocena funkcjonowania kobiet na rynku pracy w Polsce w aspekcie czasowym, przekrojowym i przestrzennym. Opracowanie stanowi kontynuację rozważań prezentowanych w literaturze przedmiotu. Uzupełnia je w oparciu o najnowsze informacje statystyczne, obejmujące okres pandemii COVID-19, zaczerpnięte zarówno z ogólnodostępnych, jak i niepublikowanych baz danych. W obszarach, w których jest to możliwe rozszerza je o analizy przestrzenne. W pierwszym rozdziale książki zarysowano historię dochodzenia praw kobiet w życiu politycznym, gospodarczym i społecznym. Omówiono podstawowe pojęcia związane z rynkiem pracy i zaprezentowano wybrane teorie ekonomiczne biorące pod uwagę czynnik płci. Przedstawiono również regulacje prawne określające funkcjonowanie kobiet na rynku pracy oraz sposoby wsparcia kobiet w tym obszarze w Polsce. W kolejnych rozdziałach książki dokonano analizy: zasobów rynku pracy i kapitału ludzkiego, sytuacji kobiet na regionalnych i lokalnych rynkach pracy, pracujących w poszczególnych grupach zawodowych, bezrobocia kobiet i zróżnicowania wynagrodzeń przeciętnych według płci. Na podstawie uzyskanych wyników badań stwierdzono, że rynek pracy kobiet w Polsce nie jest w dobrej kondycji. Mimo wprowadzonych regulacji na rzecz równości na rynku pracy, kobiety nadal otrzymują niższe wynagrodzenia za pracę niż mężczyźni. Koncentracja kobiet w zawodach niżej opłacanych, z mniejszymi szansami na rozwój zawodowy oraz niska reprezentacja na najwyższych stanowiskach wpływa na mniej korzystną pozycję kobiet na rynku pracy, w stosunku do mężczyzn. Co więcej, rynek pracy kobiet jest wyraźnie zróżnicowany przestrzennie i silnie reaguje na sytuacje kryzysowe, co świadczy o tym, że jest niestabilny.
Micronutrient and Metabolic Profiling of Strawberry Cultivars Grown in Subtropical Conditions: A Review
Authors: Sharma Komal , Mirza Anis Ahmad , . Aarti
Published: December 2023

Strawberry is most economically important fresh and processed fruits, consumed both for its pleasant flavor and its nutrient content. Due to the fruit’s high concentration of antioxidants and phytochemicals, eating strawberries has been linked to maintain good health and preventing the development of chronic diseases. The following information has been compiled from previous year research papers, which contain valuable insights into the health benefits, nutritional status and effects of strawberries. Balanced nutrition is needed by delicate strawberry plants so it’s important to maintain the nutritional status for better growth, yield and quality of strawberry fruits. Although strawberries are a highly perishable fruit and cannot be kept for an extended amount of time, several wrapping techniques have preserved the fruit’s quality when kept at ambient temperature. Disorder like albinism can be corrected with proper spacing and spray of borax and GA3. One step toward helping farmers maximize their profits is the notion of waste utilization in horticultural crops. Therefore, the goal of doubling farmer’s income by minimizing their after-harvest losses and enhancing the demand of perishable cultivable fruit crops is achieved. This review paper showing different practices related to strawberry like its propagation, metabolites and health benefits, biochemistry of fruit ripening, effect of micro and macronutrients on strawberry’s growth, yield and quality.
Studies on the Influence Age of Rootstocks and Season on Grafting Success in Manila Tamarind (Pithecellobium dulce Roxb.)
Authors: Subbiah A. , Prabhu M. , Kumar A. Ramesh , Indhumathi K. , Jagadeesan R. , Nithyadevi A. , Vijayasamundeeswari A.
Published: December 2023

Background: Manila tamarind (Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb.) Benth) belongs to the family Fabaceae and sub-family Mimosoideae. This tree have multiple uses; fruit, firewood, honey, fodder, soap oil, tannin, hedges and shade. Naturally this plant species can be multiplied by seeds. Apart from genetic variability, the seedling progenies may take long time to first bearing and sometimes irregular bearing also noticed due to its genetic makeup. In order to overcome these drawbacks, vegetative propagation is the only alternate way to get genetically uniform, early bearing and high yielding characters. The age of rootstocks and season of grafting influences the success of the grafts and performance of the grafted plants. With this background, studies on age of rootstocks and season on grafting success in Manila Tamarind was carried out. Methods: An experiment was conducted to assess the effect of season and age of the rootstocks in Manila Tamarind (Pithecellobium dulce). The experiment was laid out in factorial randomized block design with 15 treatment combinations and four replications. In this study, three rootstocks of different age viz., 6, 9 and 12 months old were grafted during June, July, August, September and October. Result: The main and interaction effects on age of rootstocks and season of grafting had a significant influence on survival percentage, number of days taken to first sprouting, number of leaves per plant and chlorophyll content of manila tamarind under controlled conditions. The softwood grafting performed on nine month old rootstocks during September recorded the highest survival percentage and it was significantly different from all other treatments. The same treatment i.e., nine months old rootstock grafted in September was also recorded the less number of days taken to first sprouting with highest number of leaves per plant and chlorophyll content.
Are They Satisfied With the Relocations? Lessons From HOPE VI in the United States
Authors: Park Kiduk
Published: December 2023

Background:The HOPE VI program was initiated to transform public housing and improve the lives of low-income households. Its effectiveness in achieving these goals remains a subject of debate, necessitating a comprehensive review of its impact.

Objective:This study aims to evaluate the influence of the HOPE VI program on various social outcomes for low-income households, particularly focusing on the effects of relocation to potentially more favorable residential areas.

Methods:The study employs a literature review methodology, analyzing a range of scholarly works, including peer-reviewed articles and relevant project reports. It assesses the impact of the HOPE VI program on the quality of life of relocates and examines the relationship between residential environmental changes and the effectiveness of relocation interventions.

Findings:The review reveals a complex picture of the HOPE VI program’s impact. While some low-income families benefit from improved living conditions and neighborhood environments, others face challenges adapting to new communities. The study highlights the importance of subjective people–place relationships, revealing that emotional attachments to neighborhoods play a crucial role in the success of relocation efforts.

Conclusions:The findings underscore the need for policymakers to consider the emotional connections residents have with their neighborhoods. A deeper understanding of these relationships can inform better-designed interventions that support low-income households in adjusting to new residential areas, ultimately leading to more effective and humane housing policies.
Microbiota and HCV Infection Interplay
Authors: Frumento Davide
Published: December 2023

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is held responsible for about 17.5% of acute hepatitis cases and after acute infection, roughly 65% of patients develops a chronic infection. Intestinal microbiota's relevance in the pathogenesis of HCV-induced chronic liver diseases is a promising topic within scientific community. Anyway, its role in chronic HCV infection is still not completely unraveled and it needs more detailed investigations. Although results on relationships standing between human microbiota and HCV infections are lacking, the few published articles are highly inspirational for both further studies and theoretical researches, giving a starting substrate to hypothesize the mechanisms underlying the relationships between microbiota and HCV in the context of gut-liver axis. The aim of this short review is to summarize the state of the art of microbiota/HCV interactions and possibily give a novel point of view based on the articles' conclusions, using an eagle-eye perspective that will allow to open a door to new research studies concerning HCV infections.
The Effect of Individual Values on Perception of Humor: Case of Anti-Tobacco Advertisements
Authors: Saadellaoui Enas
Published: December 2023

Personal values have been the object of different studies almost for four decades in market segmentation and the advertising. This research attempts to identify the individual values of smokers and to study their effects on the perception of humor. It highlights a relationship between values related to hedonism and the perception of humor. The findings of this study emphasizes the role of individual values in designing effective anti-smoking communications and suggest it might be effective for anti-smoking advertisers to work at lessening the association between smoking and the values of exciting life.
Morphometric Approach to the Study of Morphogenesis of a Neuroleptic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: VP Volkov
Published: December 2023

Aim: In is a comparative morphometric study of myocardium in each clinical stage of neuroleptic cardiomyopathy. Methods: Myocardium was histomorphometrically examined in 58 cases of neuroleptic cardiomyopathy and in 22 control persons without cardiac pathology. Result: The studied micromorphometric parameters describe the condition of three structural components of myocardium (vasculature, intercellular matrix, and parenchyma). In the latent stage the microcirculatory disorders prevail. In the full-scale stage the damages of intercellular matrix come to the forefront. For the terminal stage the atrophic and dystrophic-degenerative changes of cardiomyocytes are characteristic. Conclusion: In the course of morphogenesis of a neuroleptic cardiomyopathy a certain staging of clinical manifestations of the disease is observed; this staging corresponds to an observed chain of interconnected pathologic shifts in all microstructures of myocardium.
Role of Knit Spacer Fabrics in Treatment of Pressure Ulcers
Authors: Gokarneshan N
Published: December 2023

The article highlights some significant trends in the use of knit spacer fabrics in treatment of pressure ulcers. Healing of pressure ulcer wound is complicated and time consuming. Not only affecting the lives of patients and caretakers, but pressure ulcer also becomes the burden to the government. With the developing wound management techniques, companies have launched different wound dressing designed for pressure ulcer. However, regardless for their high price, it is rare that the wound dressing can provide good wound management and cushioning to the wound. Because of the excellent air permeability and compression performance of weft knitted spacer fabrics, it has been applied in different aspects including medical. A theory has been proposed to design a 3D knit spacer bed sheet that will allow patients with pressure ulcers to be comfortable by ensuring a low friction coefficient between their skin and the material. The friction coefficient will be reduced by not only the structure but by the 70 percent polyester, 22 percent polypropylene and eight percent spandex blend.
The Impact of International Labor Migration on the Balance in Regional Labor Markets
Authors: Manshin Roman , Moiseeva Evgeniya
Published: December 2023

In recent years, the demand in the Russian labor market continues to grow, while the labor force, which determines the supply, on the contrary, is declining. In the current situation, business points to the desirability of expanding the involvement of migrant workers, but government officials express concerns that this might create a threat to the employment of Russian citizens. The purpose of this study is to determine the contribution of external labor migration to the formation of the labor force in Russian regions, considering the specifics of the reproduction of local labor resources. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the analysis of the latest statistical data on external labor migration and labor markets detailing by regions of Russia. The authors pay special attention not only to the quantitative characteristics of the flow of foreign workers, but also to the quality indicators of these labor resources. The relevance of the study is due to changes in the labor markets balance and migration trends and under the influence of powerful stress factors in recent years, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, the start of a special military operation, and a new wave of sanctions. The empirical basis of the study is an array of official statistics, for the analysis of which standard statistical methods are applied. Based on the results obtained, the authors discuss the effectiveness of modern federal and regional migration policies. In conclusion, the results of the study are summed up and possible directions for improving instruments for managing the movement of foreign labor are identified. The authors conclude that today the system for regulating the mobility of labor resources does not ensure that their supply meets the changing needs of the labor market, and justify the need to develop a selective system for attracting labor migrants.
Demographic Well-Being of the Ethnonational Regions of the Russian Federation
Authors: Ryazantsev Sergey , Pismennaya Elena , Miryazov Timur , Ryazantsev Nikita
Published: December 2023

The article explores the concept of demographic well-being in the context of the study of 27 ethnonational regions of the Russian Federation in the period from 2018 to 2022. The paper proposes a methodology developed by the authors that combines the analysis of qualitative and quantitative indicators with cartographic visualization of intermediate and final results. This approach allows for a comprehensive analysis of demographic processes over a five-year period together with spatial data analytics. As a result, a summary indicator of demographic well-being is presented, which allows us to distinguish demographically prosperous, demographically disadvantaged and demographically intermediate regions. The key trends and features of demographic development in ethnonational regions at the present stage are considered. More than 55 cartographic works have been developed– series of maps for the period under review for 11 demographic indicators. The final typology is visualized on the map of the Russian Federation.
Nowa forma kary dożywotniego pozbawienia wolności. Uwagi w kontekście zmian do kodeksu karnego
Authors: Polak-Kruszyk Aleksandra
Published: December 2023

W niniejszym artykule poddano analizie najnowsze zmiany do kodeksu karnego w zakresie kary dożywotniego pozbawienia wolności. Dotychczas skazani na tę karę mogli ubiegać się o warunkowe przedterminowe zwolnienie z jej odbywania po upływie 25 lat (lub dłuższym wyznaczonym przez sąd czasie), z tym istotnym zastrzeżeniem, że nie można ich było takiego uprawnienia pozbawić. Ostatnia nowelizacja zakłada wprowadzenie nowej formy tak zwanego bezwzględnego dożywocia, bez możliwości warunkowego zwolnienia. W pewnych okolicznościach określonych przez ustawodawcę w nowych paragrafach do art. 77 (§ 3 i 4), sędzia będzie mógł orzec o jego zakazie. Nowelizacja wydłuży nadto okres, po którym pozostali skazani na dożywocie będą mogli ubiegać się o warunkowe zwolnienie — z 25 do 30 lat, a także okres próby przy zwolnieniu z tej kary, który po wprowadzeniu zmian będzie dożywotni.
Az európai bölény (Bison bonasus (Linnaeus, 1758)) éves táplálék-preferenciájának vizsgálata az Őrségi Nemzeti Park visszatelepítési programjában
Authors: Győri-Koósz Barbara , Mesterházy Attila , Németh Csaba
Published: December 2023

A természetvédelmi élőhelykezelési céllal visszatelepített bölények (Bison bonasus (Linnaeus,1958)) élőhelyhasználatát, táplálékpreferenciáját vizsgáltuk 2020/21-ben az Őrségi Nemzeti Park Kondorfa Hegy-völgy Vadon Területén. Elvégeztük a friss hullatékminták mikroszövettani elemzését és vegetációs felmérést, aminek segítségével kiszámoltuk a növényfajok preferenciájának mértékét. A bölények az egyszikű fűféléket júniusi csúccsal egész évben fogyasztották, míg a kétszikű lágyszárúak főként virágzásuk idején (május és októberi csúccsal) kerültek az étrendbe. A fásszárúakat a bölények egész évben kedvelték, különösen novembertől márciusig, a legfőbb tápnövényük a közönséges gyertyán (Carpinus betulus) és a kökény (Prunus spinosa). A fenyőfélék kisebb preferenciája júliustól decemberig növekszik. Az étrend szezonális változatosságának lehetőségét a fajgazdag kínálat – gyepek és erdők mozaikos jelenléte – biztosította.
Sokfajú gyeprekonstrukció a tiszacsegei Széles-halmon : Dokumentáció és első eredmények
Authors: Máté András , Kelemen András , Molnár Attila , Molnár Csaba
Published: December 2023

Egy agrártájban elhelyezkedő, évszázadok óta szántott halmon, löszalapkőzeten, sokfajú gyeprekonstrukciót végeztünk, a lucerna helyére 2018-ban 114 faj propagulumát juttattuk ki. A területen 7 potenciális élőhelyet különítettünk el, melyekre különböző magkeverékeket vetettünk. A vetés során összesen 61,81 kg magot (95,9 mag kg/ha), valamint 198 Amygdalus nana palánta, 646 Fragaria viridis palánta és 246 Iris pumila palánta került kiültetésre. A terület kezelése évenkénti gépi kaszálással történt, a széna elvitelével. A kialakult gyepet az 1. és a 4. évben monitoroztuk. A vetett fajok közül 84-et sikerült eddig megfigyelnünk (74%). A vetett és ültetett fajok döntő része önfenntartó populációkat hozott létre. A vetett fajok borítása az 1. évhez képest a 4. évre a teljes növényzet arányában látványosan megnőtt (43→86%), ugyanakkor a vetett fajok élőhelyenkénti átlagos száma kissé csökkent, ahogy a m2-enkénti vetett fajszám is (21→17). A 4. évre a kétszikűek egyedszámának kismértékű csökkenése, borításának kismértékű növekedése mellett a csenkeszek látványos növekedése jellemző mind egyedszámukban, mind borításukban (7,5→17 egyed/m² és 1→40%). A gyepek fajkészlete már 4 év után is jól közelíti a természetes löszpusztagyepekét, de a szerkezete még messze elmarad ezektől. A megfigyelt állattani értékek is számottevőek, több védett rovar- és emlősfajt figyeltünk meg. Megállapítható, hogy a gyepregeneráció korai szakaszában a szerkezetadó csenkeszfajok sokkal jelentősebb térfoglalásra képesek, mint a velük együtt vetett kétszikűek. Vizsgálatunk arra utal, hogy előremutatóbb lehet a vetés kétlépcsős kivitelezése, ahol az első lépcsőben csak kétszikűek, esetleg pionír vagy ritkább füvek vetése javasolt, majd évekkel később érdemes a szerkezetadó füveket bevinni.
Liberté, égalité, fraternité?
Authors: Antunes Henrique Fernandes
Published: December 2023

O presente artigo analisa a proibição do uso da ayahuasca na França. Para isso, nos valemos de um amplo acervo documental que abrange a literatura acadêmica, documentos de órgãos governamentais, decisões judiciais, tratados internacionais, relatórios farmacológicos e entrevistas com atores-chave envolvidos no processo. Inicialmente, descrevemos a inserção da ayahuasca na França e a prisão do grupo do Santo Daime. Em seguida, analisamos os primeiros relatórios farmacológicos sobre a ayahuasca no país, os processos legais e a decisão do governo francês de proibir a ayahuasca em 2005. Após esse panorama, consideramos os desdobramentos da decisão para o uso da ayahuasca na França. Por fim, problematizamos o enquadramento legal da ayahuasca como entorpecente e o estigma dos grupos ayahuasqueiros. Pretendemos demonstrar que a posição da França não é aleatória, mas remete a posição do país em relação à questão das seitas e movimentos sectários.
Digital heterogeneities in developing countries
Authors: Torracca Julia , Ferraz João Carlos , Britto Jorge , Urraca-Ruiz Ana
Published: December 2023

This article investigates patterns of digital technologies’ adoption by industrial firms of selected developing countries, namely: Argentina, Brazil, Ghana, Thailand, and Vietnam. The objective is to identify inter and intra countries’ similarities and differences in terms of digital adoption, and understand how this distribution is leading to digital heterogeneities thus reinforcing the well-entrenched structural heterogeneity prevailing in these economies. The analysis is based on surveys carried out between 2017 and 2019 that covered a panel of 1,212 firms of varied sizes and industries. The evidence shows that most firms are currently adopting a low level of digitalization and have a positive expectation for the future even with a low level of readiness. The larger and technology intensive firms are, the higher the probability of firms being digitally progressive. These results suggest an increase of inter and intra countries’ asymmetries in digital adoption, bringing the emergence of digital heterogeneities.
Highlights from the Inaugural HIV Reservoirs and Immune Control Conference, October 1st–4th 2023, Malahide Ireland
Authors: O’Doherty Una , Picado Javier Martinez , Sáez-Cirión Asier
Published: December 2023

The inaugural FASEB HIV Reservoirs and Immune Control Conference brought researchers together from across the globe to discuss reservoir dynamics in clinical cohorts. It extended over 4 days in the seaside town of Malahide, Ireland. The scientific sessions covered a broad range of topics, including: 1) HIV pathogenesis and control, 2) reservoirs and viral expression, 3) pediatric reservoirs, 4) innate immunity and B cell responses, 5) environmental factors affecting pathogenesis, 6) loss of virologic control, and 7) HIV-2. The following article provides a brief summary of the meeting proceedings and includes a supplementary document with the meeting abstracts.
How to define the parameters of the kernel of the transverse creep
Authors: Reznnik Vira , Ushakov Oleksiy
Published: December 2023

The article is devoted to the methodology for determining the parameters of the kernels of the transverse creep of the linear-viscosity materials for the minds of a folding stressed frame. Issues: One of the main tasks in the theory of viscosity is the task of choosing the structure of the kernel of decay and the assignment of parameters of the kernels. The task is actual, shards of the correct designation of unknown parameters in the present to lay down the terms of operation of structural elements.Purpose: The method of work is the development of the method of assigning the parameters of the kernels of transverse creep and the approbation of the results on the problems of analysis of the deformation of transverse creep. Implementation methodology: If the given methodology is only valid for linear materials, then at the first stage, linearity in viscous powers is entrenched. The parameters of the kernels are significant on the basis of the hypothesis of a single function of  creep, the basis of which is presented in a confidence interval of 10%. In the capacity of the core of the decay of the vicorist, there is a shot-exponential kernel. The task is to reduce to the minimization of the functionality of the quadratic adjustment of the experimental data in the species of rozrachunks. On the basis of the results, it is possible to create a conclusions about the practicality of the induced technique, both for "Plaxiglass ST-1" and for other linear materials. The maximum allowance for calculation data from experimental warehouses is 5%.
Theoretical assessment of fatigue life of metal materials at constant cycle stress range
Authors: Herasymchuk Oleh , Kononuchenko Oleh
Published: December 2023

A computational model is proposed for theoretical evaluation of fatigue life of samples made of metallic materials at a constant applied cycle stress range. The total fatigue life is divided into two stages: the stage of crack nucleation, i.e., the number of loading cycles before its initiation (stage 1) and the stage of crack growth (stage 2). Different approaches are used to estimate the duration of each stage. For stage 1, the power law fatigue life equation is obtained from the condition that the accumulated strain energy is equal to the specific cracking energy, and for stage 2, the number of cycles is obtained by integrating the crack growth rate equation, where the effective range of the stress intensity factor (SIF), defined as the difference between the applied "external" range of the SIF and the "internal" range of the SIF, which characterizes the material's resistance to crack growth, is taken as its driving force. The initial data for the calculation, in addition to the loading parameters, are the characteristics of the static strength and microstructure of the initial material. Calculations based on the proposed fatigue life model for steel 0.45%C specimens show good agreement with experimental results.
CERTIFICATE PROGRAMS OF THE AVIATION FIELD FROM THE PROGRESSTECH-UKRAINE COMPANY
Authors: Gladskyi Maksym , Barandych Kateryna
Published: December 2023

The paper considers the implementation of certificate programs at the bachelor's level of higher education for students of five technical faculties of The National Technical University of Ukraine «Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute» as an element of dual education. Certificate programs include such courses as: passenger aircraft design, passenger aircraft systems, «heavy» CAD system CATIA, aircraft construction technologies, the general structure of aircraft and their units, features of the science-intensive products construction of machine-building production and conducting pre-diploma practice. The development of these courses and the conduct of classes are carried out exclusively by Progresstech-Ukraine engineers. Training takes place on the basis of the Learning Management System (LMS). Currently, 103 students are studying according certificate programs.
La coccidiose chez les poulets domestiques : revue sur les stratégies de prévention et de contrôle
Authors: AVI Rahul , REPERANT Jean-Michel , BUSSIÈRE Françoise , SILVESTRE Anne , LE ROUX Jean-François , MOREAUD David , GONZALEZ Javier
Published: December 2023

La coccidiose aviaire est l'un des défis les plus importants et les plus persistants auxquels est confrontée l'industrie avicole mondiale, entraînant une baisse de productivité due aux dommages intestinaux causés par le protozoaire apicomplexe intracellulaire Eimeria. Le cycle de vie d'Eimeria est complexe, caractérisé par des stades intra- et extracellulaires. Le stade intracellulaire induit une réponse inflammatoire en partie responsable de la formation de lésions tissulaires, des hémorragies diarrhéiques, une mauvaise croissance, une sensibilité accrue à d'autres agents pathogènes et, dans certains cas sévères (E. tenella et E. necatrix), une forte mortalité. Une bonne gestion sanitaire est indispensable pour prévenir la coccidiose chez les poulets. L'administration d'anticoccidiens dans les aliments peut également réduire efficacement l’intensité de l’infection par Eimeria. Cependant, leur utilisation à grande échelle et sur une longue durée a entraîné le développement de résistances à ces additifs dans le monde entier. Des vaccins vivants non atténués et atténués ont été développés mais ils présentent certaines limites. En plus des méthodes conventionnelles de prévention et de contrôle, les produits phytogéniques émergent comme alternative pour contrôler la coccidiose aviaire. Les recherches en cours sur la sélection génétique et des vaccins recombinants et sous-unitaires sont prometteuses pour la prévention, mais leur efficacité et leur adoption dans l'industrie avicole restent à démontrer. De plus, comme alternatives aux coccidiostatiques, des stratégies utilisant des extraits naturels sont plus acceptées par les consommateurs et sont de plus en plus étudiées. Cet article présente donc une vue d'ensemble de l'impact économique de la coccidiose chez les poulets sur la production et aborde les stratégies intégrées de la santé pour contrôler la coccidiose chez les poulets.
Travel plan for tourists
Authors: Nascimento Romário Rocha do
Published: December 2023

This article presents the proposal for a model travel plan for tourists in the Jalapão State Park [PEJ - Parque Estadual do Jalapão], located in the State of Tocantins, Brazil. The research shows the use of the Gurobi Optimizer library in Python Software associated with using Miller-Tucker-Zemlin (MTZ) constraints to ensure a viable route circuit. Through the Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP), two viable optimal routes are presented for two research problems: i) minimize the distance of access to the PEJ from the city of Palmas -TO and ii) find an optimal route path for tourists considering some of the most relevant points of the PEJ. The study presents a viable solution to route problems and contributes with an actual model, showing that TSP and the use of restrictions MTZ can be adequate to solve these problems and others to be solved in PEJ.
Promising Safety Profile of Hesperidin: A Comprehensive Toxicity Assessment among Investigated Flavonoids
Authors: FERRARI IVAN VITO , Patrizio Paolo
Published: December 2023

Abstract This study focuses on the toxicity assessment of various flavonoids, with particular emphasis on Hesperidin. Among the investigated compounds, Hesperidin exhibits notable potential and low toxicity in both short and long-term evaluations. The toxicity parameters for Hesperidin include a low Max. Tolerated Dose (Human) (0.525 log mg/kg/day), indicative of its minimal potential harm to humans. Additionally, its Oral Rat Acute Toxicity (LD50) (2.506 mol/kg) suggests a relatively low acute toxicity level. The Oral Rat Chronic Toxicity (LOAEL) (3.167 log mg/kg_bw/day) signifies a higher dose threshold for observing adverse effects over the long term. Furthermore, Hesperidin demonstrates low Minnow Toxicity (7.131 log mM), suggesting minimal impact on aquatic organisms. Overall, this comprehensive assessment positions Hesperidin as a promising flavonoid with favorable properties and minimal toxicity.
Rational design of Ni-doped V2O5@3D Ni core/shell composites for high-voltage and high-rate aqueous Zinc ion batteries
Authors: Zheng Songhe , Chen Jianping , Wu Ting , Li Ruimin , Zhao Xiaoli , Pang Yajun , Pan Zhenghui
Published: December 2023

Aqueous Zinc ion batteries (ZIBs) possess significant potential in large energy storage systems due to their cost-effectiveness and environmental protection. However, the limited voltage window and poor reaction kinetics of the cathode material are still bottlenecks, restricting the further development of ZIBs. In this work, we rationally design Ni-doped V2O5@3D Ni core/shell composite on carbon cloth electrode (Ni-V2O5@3D Ni@CC) by growing Ni-V2O5 on the free-standing 3D Ni metal nanonets for high-voltage and high-capacity ZIBs. Impressively, the embedded Ni doping increases the interlayer spacing of V2O5, extending the working voltage and improving the Zn2+ kinetics reaction of the cathode materials, at the same time the 3D structure with high specific surface area and superior electronic conductivity benefits to fast Zn2+ transport. Consequently, the as-designed Ni-V2O5@3D Ni@CC cathodes can operate within a wide voltage window from 0.3 to 1.8 V vs. Zn/Zn2+ and deliver a high capacity of 270 mAh g-1 at a high current density of 0.8 A g-1. In addition, the reversible Zn2+ (de)-incorporation reaction mechanisms in the Ni-V2O5@3D Ni@CC cathodes are investigated by multiple characterization methods. As a result, we achieve a big step toward the practical applications of commercial ZIBs.
Integrating Dynamic 3D Chromatin Architecture and Gene Expression Alterations Reveal Heterosis in Brassica rapa
Authors: E Liu , Lyu Shan wu , Wang Yao long , Xiao Dong , Liu Tong kun , Hou Xi lin , Li Ying , Zhang Chang wei
Published: December 2023

Heterosis plays a significant role in enhancing variety, boosting yield, and raising economic value, but the molecular mechanism is still unclear. We analyzed the transcriptomes and 3D genomes of hybrid (F1) and its parents (w30 and 082). Analysis of the expression revealed a total of 485 specially expressed genes (SEGs), 173 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) above parental expression level, more actively expressed genes and up-regulated DEGs in F1. Further study revealed that the DEGs detected in F1 and its parents were mainly involved in response to auxin, plant hormone signal transduction, DNA metabolic process, Purine metabolism, starch and sucrose metabolism, which suggested that these biological processes may play a crucial role in the heterosis of B. rapa. The analysis of 3D genome data revealed that hybrid F1 tend to contain more transcriptionally active A compartments after hybridization. Additionally, F1 had a smaller TAD (topologically associated domain) genome length, but the number was the highest, and the expression change of activated TAD was higher than repressed TAD. More specific TAD boundaries were detected between parents and F1. Subsequently, 140 DEGs with genomic structural variants were selected as potential candidate genes. Among them, we found two DEGs with consistent expression changes in A/B compartments and TADs. Our findings suggest that genomic structural variants, such as TADs and A/B compartments, may affect gene expression and contribute to heterosis in B. rapa. This study provides further insight into the molecular mechanism of heterosis in B. rapa.
Female Marginalized Professions of Late Medieval European Society
Authors: Peirats Anna
Published: December 2023

This article focuses on the description of the other view of Valencia in the fifteenth century, that of social marginalization, which could be manifested by the fact of exercising various trades considered immoral. In the following pages, a description is offered of two female collectives that are particularly treated as vile and despicable: that of healers, sorceresses and witches, whose strength was considered to stem from a demonic origin, and that of prostitutes, dedicated to covering a "lesser evil" in society but seen as unworthy by society because of the practical exercise of their trade.
Formal Assessment of Agreement and Similarity between an Open-Source and a Reference Industrial Device, with an Application to a Low-Cost pH Logger
Authors: Bataka Evmorfia P. , Maletsika Persefoni , Nakas Christos T.
Published: December 2023

Open-source devices are nowadays used in a vast number of research fields like medicine, education, agriculture, and sports among others. In this work, an open-source, portable, low cost pH logger, appropriate for in situ meas-urements was designed and developed to assist in experiments on agricultural produce manufacturing. Τhe device was calibrated manually using pH buffers for values of 4.01 and 7.01. Then it was tested by manually measuring pH from the juice of citrus fruits. A waterproof temperature sensor was added to the device for temperature compen-sation when measuring pH. A formal method comparison process between the open-source device and a Hanna HI9024 Waterproof pH Meter was designed to assess their agreement. We derived indices of agreement and graph-ical assessment tools using mixed-effects models. Advantages and disadvantages for interpreting agreement through the proposed procedure are discussed. In our illustration, indices reported mediocre agreement and the subsequent similarity analysis revealed a fixed bias of 0.22 pH units. After recalibration, agreement between the devices im-proved to excellent levels. The process can be followed in general to avoid misleading or over-simplistic results of studies reporting solely correlation coefficients for formal comparison purposes.
Analysis of Pentose Phosphate Pathway Inhibition on Generation of Reactive Oxygen Species and Epileptiform Activity in Hippocampal Slices
Authors: Ponomareva Daria , Ivanov Anton , Bregestovski Piotr
Published: December 2023

The pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) is one of three major pathways involved in glucose metabolism, regulated by glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), controlling NADPH formation. NADPH, in turn, regulates the balance of oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. G6PD dysfunction, affecting PPP, is implicated in neurological disorders, including epilepsy. However, PPP's role in epileptogenesis and ROS production during epileptic activity remains unclear. To clarify these points, we conducted electrophysiological and imaging analyses on mouse hippocampal brain slices. Using the specific G6PD inhibitor G6PDi-1, we assessed its effects on mouse hippocampal slices, examining intracellular ROS, glucose/oxygen consumption, and ROS production during synaptic stimulation and in the 4AP epilepsy model. G6PDi-1 increased basal intracellular ROS levels and reduced synaptically induced glucose consumption but had no impact on ROS production from synaptic stimulation. In the 4AP model, G6PDi-1 didn't significantly alter spontaneous seizure frequency or H2O2 release amplitude but increased the frequency and peak amplitude of interictal events. These findings suggest that short-term PPP inhibition has a minimal impact on synaptic circuit activity.
Temporal Analysis of Vaccine Adverse Effects for Causation Inference
Authors: Carvalho Carla Sofia
Published: December 2023

We present a formalism to assess the safety of the COVID19 vaccines and infer a causal relation between vaccine administration and adverse effects, in particular death. We use data on adverse effects from VAERS covering the time interval [01-10-2020, 31-12-2021] (downloaded on 1 Feb 2022). We measure a vaccine fatality rate of order 0.01 for all vaccine manufacturers and identify a strong heterogeneity in the vaccine toxicity across vaccine lots, spanning up to four orders of magnitude. We compute the correlation between vaccination dates and death dates, and produce an estimate of the time lag that maximises the correlation, finding that the onset of adverse effects happened statistically (i.e. 32-41 percentiles) within one day after the vaccine administration and that death happened statistically (i.e. 22-50 percentiles) within about two weeks after the vaccine administration. These results provide data-based insights that can guide public health measures and health insurance policies.
Impact of Microbial Pathogens on Suicidal Behavior: A Systematic Review
Authors: Zerekidze Ani , Li Meng , Refisch Alexander , Shameya Justina , Sobanski Thomas , Walter Martin , Wagner Gerd
Published: December 2023

Suicide remains a persistent global health challenge, resisting widespread prevention efforts. According to previous findings, toxoplasmosis is particularly associated with altered deci-sion-making, which could lead to risk-taking behavior thereby increasing the likelihood for sui-cidal behavior (SB). In addition, discussion about the role of microbiome in psychiatric disorders has emerged lately, which also makes it relevant to investigate its role in the context of SB. Therefore, the current review aimed to comprehensively summarize existing knowledge regard-ing the association between microbial pathogens and SB. We conducted a systematic search with keywords including suicide and Toxoplasma gondii (Suicid* AND Toxoplasm*) and microbiome (Microbiome AND Suicid*) throughout PubMed to retrieve the related studies up to 09.11.2023. Most results reported significant association between toxoplasmosis and SB, suggesting a higher likelihood of SB in the infected population. Regarding the microbiome, only very few studies in-vestigated an association between SB and alterations in microbiota. Based on those few studies, changes in the microbiome were significantly associated with SB. The cognitive aspects of deci-sion-making in T. gondii infected individuals with SB should be further investigated to unravel underlying mechanisms. Further sufficiently powered studies are needed to establish a link be-tween SB and gut microbiota.
Colorimetric Indicator Based on Gold Nanoparticles and Sodium Alginate for Monitoring Fish Spoilage
Authors: Pierre Lissage , Bruna Julio , Bongiorno Patricio Leyton , Rodríguez-Mercado Francisco , Torres Alejandra
Published: December 2023

In this work, a colorimetric indicator based on gold nanoparticles (AuNP) and a biodegradable and eco-friendly polymer (sodium alginate, Alg.), has been developed, for the real-time detection of fish spoilage products. AuNP and colorimetric indicator were characterized by: UV-Vis, FTIR spectroscopies, TGA, DSC, XRD, TEM, and colorimetry. The UV-Vis spectrum and TEM showed the successful synthesis, the spherical shape, and the size of AuNPs. Results indicated color changes of the indicator in packaged fish on day 9 of storage at refrigerated temperature (5ºC). These results showed the successful application of colorimetric indicator in the detection of TVB-N in packaged fish.
Tip of the Iceberg: A New Wave of Iron-Sulfur Cluster Proteins Found in Viruses
Authors: Heffner Audrey L , Maio Nunziata
Published: December 2023

Viruses rely on host cells to replicate their genomes and assemble new viral particles. Thus, they have evolved intricate mechanisms to exploit host factors. Host cells, in turn, have developed strategies to inhibit viruses, resulting in a nuanced interplay of co-evolution between virus and host. This dynamic often involves competition for resources crucial for both host cell survival and virus replication. Iron and iron-containing cofactors, including iron-sulfur clusters, are known to be a heavily battled resource during bacterial infections where control over iron can tug the war in favor of the pathogen or the host. It is logical to assume that viruses also engage in this competition. Surprisingly, our knowledge about how viruses utilize iron (Fe) and iron-sulfur (FeS) clusters remains limited. The handful of reviews on this topic primarily emphasize the significance of iron in supporting the host immune response against viral infections. The aim of this review, however, is to organize our current understanding of how viral proteins utilize FeS clusters, to give perspectives on what questions to ask next and to propose important avenues for future investigations.
Exploring Heading Direction Perception in Cervical Dystonia, Tremor, and Their Coexistence
Authors: Guha Aratrik , Agharazi Hanieh , Gupta Palak , Shaikh Aasef
Published: December 2023

Dystonias, characterized by excessive muscle contractions resulting in involuntary postures and movements, impact 3 million people globally, making them the third most common movement disorder. Often accompanied by tremors, dystonias have epidemiological links and non-motor features shared with isolated tremor, such as essential tremor. Both dystonia and tremor present with balance dysfunction and abnormal involuntary movements, potentially linked to abnormal cerebellar function. This study explores the perception of one’s own linear movement, heading, particularly discrimination of heading direction, in isolated cervical dystonia, isolated tremor, and their combination. The focus is on the perception of heading direction during isolated visual star-cloud movement (visual heading perception) and en bloc body movement (vestibular heading perception). Nineteen participants underwent a two-alternative forced-choice task in the vestibular and visual domains. Results reveal elevated vestibular heading perception thresholds in cervical dystonia with or without tremor, and isolated tremor compared to healthy controls. Vestibular heading perception threshold was comparable in cervical dystonia with tremor and isolated tremor, but it was even worse in isolated cervical dystonia. Visual heading perception, however, remained less affected all three conditions – isolated cervical dystonia, isolated tremor, and their combination. These findings indicate shared deficits and distinctions in the perception of linear translational heading across movement disorders, such as isolated cervical dystonia, tremor, or their combination, offering insights into their pathophysiology, particularly the involvement of cerebellum regions responsible for vestibular processing.