bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Patrimonio biocultural en un contexto maya yucateco: Kancabchen y su monte
Authors: Sosa Varguez Silvia Angélica , García Ortega Martha , Navarro Martínez María Angélica , Ellis Edward Alan
Published: November 2022

El aprovechamiento forestal en Quintana Roo se ha basado en la extracción selectiva de árboles, sin considerar los conocimientos tradicionales locales en su manejo. El objetivo de este documento consiste en analizar cómo se delinea en la práctica un modelo de manejo forestal híbrido para el aprovechamiento de los recursos maderables y no maderables en una comunidad maya. El análisis se apoya en el enfoque biocultural que reconoce la visión étnica territorial y los indicadores tecnocientíficos del programa de manejo forestal, cuyo principio es el aprovechamiento de los recursos maderables. A tal fin, se revisó la literatura pertinente, se realizó observación participante, entrevistas y un taller comunitario con la finalidad de recuperar las experiencias de los pobladores en la gestión de la selva. Los resultados muestran la prevalencia de un manejo forestal tradicional de bajo impacto coexistiendo con el aprovechamiento maderable comercial. Esto es relevante para las comunidades indígenas en las que predominan prácticas culturales e intereses colectivos del bien común con beneficios múltiples frente a la extracción mercantil. Se advierte cómo se perfila un modelo híbrido o mixto que explica la lógica de las tendencias actuales de los modelos de aprovechamiento comercial en sociedades tradicionales.
Estado del arte sobre riesgo social y ambiental por uso de plaguicidas en la producción de fresa
Authors: Fuerte Velázquez Yesenia , Romo de Vivar Mercadillo Manuel Ricardo , Solís Navarrete José Alberto , Fuerte Velázquez Diana Janeth
Published: November 2022

El presente trabajo tiene la finalidad de evaluar la productividad del conocimiento científico sobre el uso de plaguicidas en la producción de fresa y el riesgo que estos representan social y ambientalmente. Se revisaron artículos en Google Scholar y ScienceDirect de los últimos 11 años. Se analizaron indicadores bibliométricos como productividad por países, instituciones, autores y concurrencia de palabras clave, así como autores más relevantes en el tema. Para el análisis se utilizó el programa de Rstudio para crear los gráficos representados en las figuras y posteriormente describir las variables de acuerdo con lo obtenido en el programa. Los resultados indican que existe un paulatino crecimiento en el número de trabajos sobre el tema en las distintas áreas del conocimiento y su posible convergencia, resaltando las investigaciones que analizan el riesgo social. La mayor productividad fue en el año 2020. Los países con mayor actividad son China y Estados Unidos. Este análisis hace evidente la necesidad de mayores esfuerzos e incentivos para mostrar los riesgos que los plaguicidas usados en la fresa pueden causar en el ser humano y la biota. La investigación facilita el diseño de política pública orientada a disminuir los riesgos analizados en el medio rural.
Saberes de familias campesinas nahuas acerca del manejo agroecológico del cafetal y la milpa de Arroyo Seco, Xilitla, S.L.P.
Authors: Torres Castro Norma , González Santiago María Virginia , Sámano Rentería Miguel Ángel
Published: November 2022

Las familias campesinas nahuas en Arroyo Seco, Xilitla, San Luis Potosí, han creado, compartido, reproducido y apropiado saberes agroecológicos, para manejar el cafetal y la milpa, construidos en un proceso dinámico, de observación y experimentación cotidiana. De ambos agroecosistemas las familias obtienen bienes, servicios y recursos monetarios, no obstante, estos saberes se están perdiendo, en virtud de que, para enfrentar problemas ambientales, económicos y sociopolíticos, las familias campesinas se apoyan en la migración y diversificación de actividades económicas para su sustento. Tal problemática hace relevante sistematizar los saberes familiares actuales del manejo agroecológico del cafetal y la milpa, con base en la identificación de conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas, por género y edad, por medio de entrevistas a profundidad y el diálogo de saberes. Los resultados muestran que los saberes campesinos agroecológicos sobre el cafetal y la milpa ocupan el 29 y 38 %, respectivamente, el resto son saberes propios de la agricultura tradicional campesina-indígena. Existe una merma de saberes de abuelos a nietos; en el cafetal prevalece la participación de los hombres, en la milpa participan mujeres y hombres. Se concluye que, actualmente, entre las familias, ambos agroecosistemas han perdido relevancia como actividades económicas al ser desplazados por trabajos asalariados
Effect of federal government expenditure on economic growth in Nigeria
Authors: Nwankwo Anayo Emmanuel , Nwakoby Clement Ndukaife Ikechukwu , Anyanwu Felicia Akujinma , Ananwude Amalachukwu Chijindu
Published: November 2022

Purpose. This study presents an evaluation of the effect of federal government expenditure on economic growth in Nigeria during the period 1986–2020. Economic growth in Nigeria over the years (precisely from 1986 when the Structural Adjustment Programme was introduced) is not in tandem with the magnificent rise in total government expenditure covering this period. The citizens have seen leadership in Nigeria as a failed litmus test, some have left the country to seek for “greener pastures” abroad. Specifically, this study examined the effect of recurrent and capital expenditure of the government on real gross domestic product, gross fixed capital formation, savings, and manufacturing capacity utilization.

Results. The result of the analysis revealed that government recurrent expenditure has significant effect on real gross domestic product, gross fixed capital formation, and savings. Government recurrent expenditure is negatively related with real gross domestic product, gross fixed capital formation, savings, and manufacturing capacity utilization. Similarly, government capital has positive relationship with gross fixed capital formation and manufacturing capacity utilization, whereas it is negatively related with real gross domestic product and savings.

Scientific novelty. The review of previous studies on economic growth is majorly measured using real gross domestic product. However, this study takes a new dimension by introducing three other variables: gross fixed capital formation, savings, and manufacturing capacity utilization which also reflect the level of growth in an economy. In addition, the application of the Auto-Regressive Distributive Lag (ARDL) model which takes into consideration of the different order of integration of time series data as against the Johansen co-integration that characterized previous studies in the Nigeria environment, will robustly help in determining the short run and long run effects of Federal Government expenditure on economic growth fundamentals in Nigeria.

Practical value. This study therefore, is re-echoing the need for government to make capital expenditure her priority. By this, the government should allocate at least 50.0 % of her total expenditure on capital projects. The present-day practice of allocating only 16.6 % (based on year 2020 approved budget of the Federal Government) for capital expenditure will not to a great extent accelerate the pace of economic growth and development in Nigeria.
Възможности пред застрахователният бизнес в България в контекста на зелената икономика
Authors: Ninova Valentina
Published: November 2022

Цел. Настоящата разработка има за цел да апробира потенциала за участие на застрахователните дружества в проекти за възобновяема енергия (на етап инвестиране, реализиране и експлоатация), които са в основата на концепцията за зелена икономика и устойчиво развитие. В застрахователната  дейност, тези проекти се възприемат като нови бизнес възможности, което изисква да се идентифицират, конкретизират и систематизират съществуващите рискове, на които са изложени проектите свързани с възобновяемите източници на енергия (ВЕИ).

Резултати. Застрахователната дейност притежава потенциала едновременно да участва и да заема ключово значение в процесите, свързани с проектирането и последващата експлоатация на ВЕИ. За да поемат отговорност застрахователните компании е необходимо да разполагат с детайлна и достоверна информация, както за рисковете, така и за рисковите обстоятелства за застрахованите обекти. Постигнатите резултати в настоящата разработка са свързани с идентифицирането на рисковите групи и конкретните рискове, на които са изложени проектите за възобновяема енергия, както и кои от тях могат да получат покритие по линия на застрахователната дейност.

Научна новост. В настоящото изследване е предложен вариант за прилагане на различни застраховки, на базата на включените в застрахователният договор рискове (застраховки за всички рискове, застраховки с широко, частично или ограничено покритие), съобразно актуални проучвания на застрахователния пазар за рисковете, на които са изложени проектите за ВЕИ.

Практическа стойност. Класификацията на застрахователните продукти може да бъде извършена по различни критерии – в зависимост от вида на източника на възобновяема енергия, броя на застрахованите обекти, срока на застрахователния договор и др. Обособяването на отделните застраховки е осъществено и представено в табличен вид, въз основа на рисковете, включени в застрахователното покритие. Очертани са четири категории: 1) застраховки за всички рискове; 2) застраховки с широко покритие; 3) застраховки с частично покритие и 4) застраховки с ограничено покритие.
TRANSPARÊNCIA E ACESSO ÀS INFORMAÇÕES CONTÁBEIS NOS MUNICÍPIOS DA REGIÃO DE CORNÉLIO PROCÓPIO – PR NO ANO DE 2021
Authors: Tasca Daniele de Arruda , Martins Rogério Mendonça , Marcelino José Antônio
Published: November 2022

Esse artigo buscou verificar o desempenho da divulgação das informações contábeis geradas pela Contabilidade Pública dos municípios da região de Cornélio Procópio, no ano de 2021. Para tanto, verificou-se os meios eletrônicos, realizados pelos administradores públicos das prefeituras pesquisadas, para buscar as informações. Este estudo é de suma importância, pois cada vez mais entes públicos estão sendo cobrados pelo governo federal e tribunais de contas, para prestar contas das suas informações em portais da transparência. Foram utilizadas para a elaboração deste artigo, a pesquisa bibliográfica, para a revisão bibliográfica que foi feita através de teorias de alguns autores; a coleta de dados para analisar, buscar informações e investigar o desempenho em relação a  transparência das informações contábeis nos municípios estudados. A partir da realização deste estudo, conclui-se que existe a necessidade de aperfeiçoamento por parte de alguns poucos municípios, pois nem todos ainda possuem todas as informações publicadas em portais eletrônicos. Em compensação, o resultado foi um tanto satisfatório, pois foi possível  ponderar que a maioria deles estão cumprindo as exigências com eficiência.
Quality control and error assessment of the Aeolus L2B wind results from the Joint Aeolus Tropical Atlantic Campaign
Authors: Lux Oliver , Witschas Benjamin , Geiß Alexander , Lemmerz Christian , Weiler Fabian , Marksteiner Uwe , Rahm Stephan , Schäfler Andreas , Reitebuch Oliver
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Since the start of the European Space Agency's Aeolus mission in 2018, various studies were dedicated to the evaluation of its wind data quality and particularly to the determination of the systematic and random errors in the Rayleigh-clear and Mie-cloudy wind results provided in the Aeolus Level-2B (L2B) product. The quality control (QC) schemes applied in the analyses mostly rely on the estimated error (EE), reported in the L2B data, using different and often subjectively chosen thresholds for rejecting data outliers, thus hampering the comparability of different validation studies. This work gives insight into the calculation of the EE for the two receiver channels and reveals its limitations as a measure of the actual wind error due to its spatial and temporal variability. It is demonstrated that a precise error assessment of the Aeolus winds necessitates a careful statistical analysis, including a rigorous screening for gross errors to be compliant with the error definitions formulated in the Aeolus mission requirements. To this end, the modified Z score and normal quantile plots are shown to be useful statistical tools for effectively eliminating gross errors and for evaluating the normality of the wind error distribution in dependence on the applied QC scheme, respectively. The influence of different QC approaches and thresholds on key statistical parameters is discussed in the context of the Joint Aeolus Tropical Atlantic Campaign (JATAC), which was conducted in Cabo Verde in September 2021. Aeolus winds are compared against model background data from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) before the assimilation of Aeolus winds and against wind data measured with the 2 µm heterodyne detection Doppler wind lidar (DWL) aboard the Falcon aircraft. The two studies make evident that the error distribution of the Mie-cloudy winds is strongly skewed with a preponderance of positively biased wind results distorting the statistics if not filtered out properly. Effective outlier removal is accomplished by applying a two-step QC based on the EE and the modified Z score, thereby ensuring an error distribution with
a high degree of normality while retaining a large portion of wind results
from the original dataset. After the utilization of the described QC approach, the systematic errors in the L2B Rayleigh-clear and Mie-cloudy winds are determined to be below 0.3 m s−1 with respect to both the
ECMWF model background and the 2 µm DWL. Differences in the random errors relative to the two reference datasets (Mie vs. model is
5.3 m s−1, Mie vs. DWL is 4.1 m s−1, Rayleigh vs. model is 7.8 m s−1, and Rayleigh vs. DWL is 8.2 m s−1) are elaborated in the text.
Soil minerals mediate climatic control of soil C cycling on annual to centennial timescales
Authors: Beem-Miller Jeffrey Prescott , Rasmussen Craig , Hoyt Alison May , Schrumpf Marion , Guggenberger Georg , Trumbore Susan
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Climate and parent material both affect soil C persistence, yet the relative importance of climatic versus mineralogical controls on soil C dynamics remains unclear. To test this, we collected soil samples in 2001, 2009, and 2019 along a combined gradient of parent material (andesite, basalt, granite) and climate (mean annual temperature (MAT): 6.5 °C “cold”, 8.6 °C “cool”, 12.0 °C “warm”). We measured the radiocarbon of heterotrophically respired CO2 (∆14Crespired) and bulk soil C (∆14Cbulk) as proxies for transient and persistent soil C, and characterized mineral assemblages using selective dissolution. Using linear regression, we observed that MAT was not a significant predictor of either ∆14Cbulk or ∆14Crespired, yet climate was highly significant as a categorical variable. Climate explained more variance in ∆14Cbulk and ∆14Crespired over 0–0.1 m, but parent material explained more from 0.1–0.3 m. Cool site soil C was more persistent (lower ∆14Cbulk) than cold or warm climate sites, and also more persistent on andesitic soils, followed by basaltic and then granitic soils. Poorly crystalline metal oxides (PCMs) (but not crystalline metal oxides) were significantly (p < 0.1) correlated with ∆14Cbulk, ∆14Crespired, and ∆14Crespired - ∆14Cbulk, indicating their importance for soil C cycling on both short and long timescales. The change in ∆14Crespired observed over the study period was linearly related to MAT for the granite soils with the lowest PCM content, but not in the andesitic and basaltic soils with higher PCM content. This link between PCM abundance and the decoupling of MAT and soil C cycling rates suggests PCMs may attenuate the temperature sensitivity of decomposition.
Conscious Suspension of ‘Stranger Danger’: Fetishism in Disgrace by J. M. Coetzee
Authors: Hanif Saud , Syeda Fatima
Published: November 2022

This paper explores the politics of fetishism in J. M. Coetzee’s Disgrace. It contends that the characters in Coetzee’s novel appear to consciously suspend the danger that is often associated with strangers. They willingly interact with those in their neighborhoods and consciously suppress the warnings of mishaps or misfortune that such strange encounters may entail. This study is a textual analysis of the selected text to examine all the encounters, specifically those between Lucy and the natives, as well as those of Bev Shaw with David Lurie. In the post-colonial period, such abnormal behavior notably reveals a distinct feature of fetishism among the colonizer and the colonized, as it does in Coetzee’s characters. In order to achieve this objective, Coetzee’s novel is the primary text, while Sara Ahmed’s concepts of “Stranger Fetishism” and “Encounters” serve as a theoretical framework for this investigation. The objective of this research is to analyze the ambiguities of characters in the novel, such as Lucy’s passive response to her rape and Bev’s ironic behavior with David. Eventually, the discussion leads to the unfolding of their personal intents, which are deliberately kept undercover to satisfy their personal interests. This research intervenes in the current scholarship on postcolonial studies by bringing fresh reading perspectives on Coetzee’s text.
Imposturas antropológicas y puntos de fuga: dilemas éticos, políticos y epistemológicos de una investigación en torno a la justicia transicional en el Perú
Authors: Tejero Tabernero Laura
Published: November 2022

Este artículo se esboza como una revisión crítica sobre el proceso y los resultados de una investigación etnográfica sobre la justicia transicional y las formas de construcción moral y socio-legal de la figura de la víctima de la violencia política en el Perú. Partiendo de esta revisión, y de una explicitación de los reposicionamientos de la autora en su relación directa con el campo, se propone un debate más específico sobre las políticas que rigen la producción de conocimiento sobre el sufrimiento y la violencia, y sobre el tipo de jerarquías y dinámicas de poder que son construidas y reforzadas a través de la intervención institucional, académica e investigativa en los así llamados contextos posconflicto, nombrando malestares, tensiones y contradicciones desde lo ético, pero también desde lo epistemológico y lo político.
La herida abierta: las torturas contra las mujeres en el contexto vasco
Authors: Dañobeitia Ceballos Olatz
Published: November 2022

Este texto es un ejercicio provisional y abierto, que aborda los avances y dificultades del proceso de construcción de memorias sobre la tortura que protagonizan las mujeres que, durante más de medio siglo y en el contexto del conflicto político y armado vasco, han padecido violencia política por parte del Estado español. Partiendo de entrevistas en profundidad y observación de eventos testimoniales protagonizados por mujeres que han sufrido tortura y violencia político-sexual en forma de tortura, este texto da cuenta del significativo proceso que están viviendo estas mujeres, en el actual contexto marcado por el fin de ETA y el auge del feminismo. Los espacios de enunciación permitidos vienen marcados por un escenario donde la tortura se debate entre la impunidad y el reconocimiento, donde el discurso de derechos humanos se expande, pero no reconoce a todos los sujetos, y donde el movimiento feminista en su conjunto no termina de introducir del todo esta cuestión en su agenda política. Aun y todo, sin ningún tipo de organización formal ni hoja de ruta, estas mujeres avanzan en esa memoria que no surge ahora, pero que sí vive un momento lleno de potencialidades y peligros, desde una perspectiva feminista, que es también donde se sitúa este estudio, en ese necesario cruce entre los estudios de memoria, sufrimiento social y feminismo.
USE OF BALANCE EXERCISES FOR DYNAMIC STABILITY IN BASKETBALL INJURIES
Authors: Dubeňová Laura , Líška Dávid , Vavro Michal
Published: November 2022

Basketball is a very popular team sport that is played around the world with a high prevalence of lower limb injuries. Therefore, we have decided to test the effect of balance exercises on the dynamic stability of the lower limbs. We performed dynamic balance testing on a 30-member group of young basketball players of the same average age, playing the cadet competition of the Slovak Championships - West Region. The control group consisted of 16 basketball players. For testing, we have chosen a test for the dynamic stability – Y balance test (YBT). Testing of the dynamic stability of the lower limbs with hands placed freely next to the body in the intervention group was statistically significant (p<0.05). . We have also noticed statistically significant improvement in the intervention group (p<0.05). Balance exercises have been associated with improved dynamic stability in young basketball players.
Advantages of Peer-tutoring in Leading Institutions of Higher Education
Authors: Podplota Svitlana
Published: November 2022

The priority of the educational system of higher education institutions is the creation of additional resources for the implementation of educational programs and conditions for optimal personal development of future specialists, revealing the inner potential of students. One of the ways to achieve the goal is to establish a peer-tutoring institute. Peer-tutors provide assistance to students who experience difficulties in academic and social activities. It is easier for them to establish contact and informal communication due to a small age difference and the same social status. The period of adaptation of first-year students to the process of studying at the university is one of the most important in the development and formation of the student's personality. In this process, peer-tutors give the right orientation in the system of social relations. Such an orientation determines the student's social status for a long time, the vector of his or her development. Since tutoring activity is essentially a pedagogical activity, peer-tutors develop their communication, organizational and creative abilities while working, and improve their professional pedagogical skills. This experience of pedagogical work has a positive effect on the development of the tutors themselves as professionals, gives an opportunity to try their hand as a teacher. Peer-tutoring support provides effective conditions for the development of a socially active, responsible, independent, creative, initiative personality. In addition, such interaction of participants in the educational process contributes to the successful socialization of students. Peer-tutoring has positive academic and social and emotional benefits for both students and their tutors. Students make connections with peers that would never have been made outside of tutorials. The main content of the educational process is manifested in the involvement of students in the system of humanistic values, the development of moral and aesthetic ideals in them, training them to morally evaluate their actions, as well as teaching them the right choice of behavior in difficult life situations.
Retos y propuestas para la etapa de recuperación económica y educativa post-COVID-19. Perspectivas universitarias y empresariales en Tabasco, México
Authors: Magaña Medina Deneb Elí , Aguilar Morales Norma
Published: November 2022

Los desafíos que ha dejado la pandemia instan a las instituciones de educación superior y centros de investigación en México a diseñar estrategias para la reconstrucción económica y social en la fase post-COVID-19. Con un diseño explicativo y un enfoque etnometodológico, profesores y alumnos de pregrado, así como empresarios, fueron entrevistados mediante grupos de enfoque, donde señalan el valor estratégico de la capacitación transversal sobre emprendimiento, con especial énfasis en las tecnologías de información y comunicación que permitan el comercio electrónico y el teletrabajo. Se destaca también la urgente necesidad de invertir en infraestructura y programas de apoyo a las PyMES. Asimismo se incluye de manera capitular una introducción con el análisis histórico de las diferentes etapas y afectaciones que se dieron por la pandemia en México y el mundo, la metodología del proyecto, las narrativas de los actores involucrados y las propuestas específicas para la etapa post-COVID-19.
MAKING SENSE OF CHINA'S ECONOMIC SLOWDOWN WITH THE FUTURE CONCERNS
Authors:   Department of Commerce, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan, Ahmad Mumtaz , Soharwardi Mariam Abbas ,   Department of Economics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan, Shoaib Iqra ,   Department of Economics, University of Sindh Jamshoro
Published: November 2022

The motivation to drive study is to audit the variables having a beneficial budgetary effect in China discover the purposes for the subsequent cash related rest from the point of view of the New-fangled Institutional Economics (NIE) than the Marxian believers. The past school was essentially worried over the motor of "source" (altering game measures for makers) to build financial yield and benefit, while they last for the most part imparts to Marxian worries over the driver of "interest" (a libertarian model of pay dissipating that is at the foundation of mass use) of expanding money related creation and supportability. NIEs stress that if an allowed and exposed market for examinations is made, China's can't continue with its cash related improvement or become a general centre point for mechanical movement or savvy introduction. Notwithstanding, this paper shows that the creation of a working business part for contemplations would not generally ensure the sensibility of budgetary improvement, drawing on the exercises of Japan's affiliation. This paper endorses that it takes quite a long while to make a working business section for insights that change into some other time of post-industrialization. Moreover, in the post-industrialization mastermind, quick thing creating is cultivated by solid test, in which doing combating firms animate the presentation of battling things into the marketplace, which might open ground-breaking firms to important powerlessness. Keywords: China, money related change, advanced communism, post-development. JEL Code: B12, F20, N15
USE OF RGB AS A QUANTITATIVE METHOD APPLIED TO THE TEACHING OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
Authors: VELOSO Pedro Henrique Fonseca , SACRAMENTO Veronica de Melo , ROYO Vanessa de Andrade
Published: November 2022

Background: The use of alternatives for teaching analytical chemistry in undergraduate studies has been a challenge for teachers since most methods require high-cost equipment and functional analytical skills. This work presents the use of RGB, an additive color system n digital media, as a method of quantifying of a given analyte in samples. Aim: To analyze different samples containing different concentrations of coffee, comparing them using two techniques: 1) spectrophotometry and 2) RGB, and then perform the calculations for the determination of an unknown concentration. Methods: Eight samples were prepared, six with defined concentrations of coffee, one in white, and one without a defined concentration. Method 1 used the spectrophotometer to read the absorbance at 420 nm wavelength for melanoidin reading, in method 2 the RGB was used, positioning buckets in front of a digital screen emitting light at the corresponding wavelength. Microsoft Powerpoint was used to collect RGB and Microsoft Excel data for data processing. Results: The data obtained through the analytical equipment, as well as those obtained via RGB, were able to estimate the unknown concentration of coffee, both techniques estimated a concentration between 3 and 4%, both with the equation of the line and r² capable of estimating values corresponding to the concentrations of the samples. Discussion: The RGB technique has been studied in recent decades, mainly for colorimetric analyses, since it makes the study or laboratory experiments available in an accessible way. Bringing the student closer to the spectrophotometric technique, promoting scientific development, and elaborating the hypothesis about using technology as an analysis tool. Conclusions: Experimental practices promote the development of research, which guide both teachers and students in the use of new technologies and in the development of new activities aimed at teaching, this work in question opens a range for the use of tools and methods of easy access and low cost.
SYNTHESIS, DOCKING STUDY, AND BIOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF 4-AMINOANTIPYRINE-ISONIAZID DERIVATIVES AS A HYBRID ANTIBACTERIAL AND ANALGESIC AGENTS
Authors: MOHAMMAD Abeer Essa , MUHAMMAD-ALI Munther Abduljaleel , JASIM Ekhlas Qanber
Published: November 2022

Background: 4-aminoantipyrine is one of the pyrazolone derivatives, it has been exposed to a large range of biological activities as an antimicrobial, analgesic, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer compound. One of the important derivatives is the hybrid pyrazolone which includes two organic or inorganic drugs attached to give new pharmaceutical agents which may be the same or different activity from the original drugs. Aim: This research aimed to synthesize novel compounds derived from 4-aminoantipyrine and test their biological activity. Methods: Synthesis of 4-aminoantipyrine derivatives, which contain structurally two heterocyclic moieties, pyrazolone with oxadiazole, triazole, or tetrazole rings. The structures of the compounds were identified by 1H-NMR and FT-IR spectroscopy. The in vitro, developed compounds were screened for their analgesic activity and antibacterial activity against medically important gram (+) and gram (-) bacterial strains. Results: The antibacterial evaluation tests showed that some compounds gave good activity and others had no activity. The analgesic activity referred that the synthesized compounds had promising potency. The free binding energy (S) of the compounds with the protein 6B73 were ?4.90 to ?8.76 kcal/mol, whereas free energy (S) with the protein 5C1M gave ?4.94 to ?9.21 kcal/mol. Discussion: Among the tested compounds, it was found that compounds 1a, 4b, and 5a had more potent antibacterial activity. The analgesic activity showed that compounds 1b, 4b, and 5a gave the best activity using hot plate methods compared with the standard drug. On the other hand, compounds 1a, 4b, and 5b gave good activity using the writhing test method. Conclusions: Potent, good, or moderate analgesic and antibacterial agents were synthesized using simple and high-yield chemical reactions. The chemical reactions include the synthesis of hybrid antibacterial and analgesic agents using pyrazolone compounds.
EFFECT OF AMAZON CACTUS (Cereus jamacaru) AS A NATURAL COAGULANT FOR THE REMOVAL OF TURBIDITY FROM SURFACE WATER
Authors: RISS Jordana Souza Paula , FARIAS Leovergildo Rodrigues , SOUZA Verônica Paula , ARAÚJO Glécio Ísavo , VITAL Marcos José Salgado
Published: November 2022

Background: Brazil suffers from a lack of basic sanitation in many regions, intensified in the Amazon region due to its difficult access. The application of natural coagulants is a promising alternative since it eliminates the use of chemicals, is a simple, low-cost method that is easy to reproduce, and is accessible to any community, thus promoting health and environmental improvements. On the other hand, the use of chemical coagulants can cause harm to the environment and human health. Aim: Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the coagulation effect of a species of Amazonian cactus applied in the treatment of water for human consumption. Methods: For the study, about 500 grams of the aerial part of the Cereus jamacaru was collected on the banks of the BR 174 in the region of Roraima. The spines were removed in the laboratory, the plant material was washed, cut to a thickness, dried in an oven at 60 °C for 36 hours, then ground and sieved until obtaining a powder, which was tested as a natural coagulant. The water used in the study was collected from the Branco River in Boa Vista, Roraima, and characterized its initial turbidity. Results: The dosage of 0.2g of the natural cactus coagulant showed a significant reduction in the turbidity of the study water, leaving it within the potability standards established for groundwater. Discussion: Coagulation in the sanitary context is evidenced by the removal of microscopic particles associated with pathogenic microorganisms, normally found in raw water and with very low sedimentation speed. Replacing polluting chemical substances with natural coagulants in the treatment of water for human consumption contributes to the quality of life. Conclusion: The Amazonian cactus Cereus jamacaru demonstrated coagulation efficiency for analyzing the turbidity parameter of water for human consumption.
SEROPREVALENCE OF COVID-19 IGG ANTIBODIES IN SHAHREKORD COUNTY, IRAN
Authors: ASADI-SAMANI Majid , MOGHNI Mandana , KHEIRI Soleiman , MORADI Mohammad-Taghi , KHORRAMI Zahra
Published: November 2022

Background: Estimation of seroprevalence of COVID-19 antibodies can be used to predict the epidemic more accurately and estimate the vulnerability of the community, gain information on disease progression, and manage disease treatment. Aims: The present study was designed to evaluate the seroprevalence of IgG antibodies against the COVID-19 virus in the urban population of Shahrekord county (Iran). Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, 690 people living in Shahrekord county referred to medical diagnostic laboratories in the county between October to December 2020 were identified, and their serum IgG levels were measured using ELISA. Chi-square and Spearman’s test in SPSS 20 were used to investigate the relationship between variables. Results: Out of 690 samples, 190 were positive for IgG antibodies against COVID-19. The frequency of positive antibodies was 27.5% [CI 95%: 23.1-30 (26.9% in men and 28% in women)]. There was no significant relationship between the seroprevalence of COVID-19 and gender, occupation, marital status, and BMI (P>0.05). Seroprevalence of COVID-19 was significantly higher in individuals with a history of contact with an infected person, individuals with COVID-19 symptoms during the pandemic, individuals with a history of definitive diagnosis based on PCR, and individuals aged over 60 years (P<0.05). Discussion: Based on the results, the seroprevalence of antibodies against COVID-19 in the study population was 27.5% and more than the prevalence of the disease based on molecular screening tests. Conclusion: Determination of IgG antibodies prevalence against COVID-19 in the community to help in more accurate prediction of the epidemic can be used in managing the disease.
IN SILICO STUDIES OF DITERPENES EXTRACTED FROM Paubrasilia echinata Lam. AND DERIVATIVES AGAINST HIV-1 INTEGRASE AND REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE
Authors: SILVA Fábia Martins , RAMOS Clécio Sousa , SCOTTI Luciana , MONTEIRO Alex France Messias
Published: November 2022

Introduction: HIV, whose viral multiplication is associated with three enzymes. Reverse transcriptase is responsible for synthesizing vital DNA based on its RNA; integrase is responsible for integrating viral DNA into human DNA; and protease is responsible for cleaving the genetic code into smaller, functional units. Many research groups around the world are motivated by the proposal of a new bioactive against HIV. Objectives: To propose natural diterpenes or synthetic products from the Pau-Brasil plant species against HIV through in silico techniques. Methods: Diterpenes found in the ethanolic extract of Pau-Brasil (Paubrasilia echinata Lam.) were used, as well as some of their products that were known by computational means. The work was developed through a hybrid screening (ligand-based and structure-based) for a possible biological activity of these phytoconstituents against the main enzymes of HIV-1 multiplication. Results: Computational assays showed that the compounds ALX04 and ALX07 showed possible activity against HIV-integrase and reverse transcriptase proteins, respectively. No compound was simultaneously active against the two enzymes (HIV-integrase and reverse transcriptase), and all other compounds proved inactive. Discussion: Diterpenes found in the ethanolic extract of Pau-Brasil (Paubrasilia echinata Lam.) were used, and some results were obtained through computational methods. The work was developed to achieve a viable observable activity to the tested prediction models. Conclusions: Computational assays showed that the diterpenes ALX04 and ALX07 had promising assays of retroviral activity.
MEASUREMENT UNCERTAINTY EVALUATION OF ANALYTICAL METHOD FOR QUANTITATIVE DETERMINATION OF URSOLIC AND OLEANOLIC ACIDS IN APPLE PROCESSING AGROINDUSTRIAL WASTE MATERIAL
Authors: RUBASHVILI Imeda , TSITSAGI Mzia , EBRALIDZE Ketevan
Published: November 2022

Background: Apple pomace represents a low-cost and rich source of bioactive compounds with valuable properties - ursolic acid (UA) and oleanolic acid (OA). Due to the wide range of applications in pharmaceutical and nutraceutical industries, these compounds have a high commercial value, and possessing a suitable analytical method with measurement uncertainty is of great significance and practicability. Aim: The purpose of the present work was to estimate detailed measurement uncertainty for the validated HPLC method combined with the extraction procedure for the determination of UA and OA in apple pomace. Methods: The chromatographic analysis using LC-20AD Prominence Shimadzu System and ultrasound-assisted extraction using the ultrasonic bath DW-5200DTS were performed to obtain and determine UA and OA in apple pomace. The process of measurement uncertainty evaluation was performed by the Ishikawa diagram and a combination of bottom-up and top-down approaches. Results: The content of UA and OA (mg/g) in apple pomace with the value of the expanded uncertainty was calculated, which is 7.06 ± 0.647 mg/g (k=1.96; P=95%) and 4.70 ± 0.422 mg/g (k=1.96; P=95%), respectively. Six sources of all the contributors of uncertainties were observed that affected the measurement. Discussion: The A-type standard uncertainty value was 3 times less than the B-type standard uncertainty for both analytes. The results show that B-type standard uncertainty is a major contributor, and the value of the expanded uncertainty of the validated method will not change from test to test in the same laboratory conditions. Conclusions: The methodology described in this work explains well the details and practical aspects of the hybrid approach using the method validation data and proposes step-by-step instructions to evaluate the measurement uncertainty of the quantitative method.
Retorik for alle – en risiko der er værd at løbe
Authors: Isager Christina
Published: November 2022

Anmeldelse af Stefan Iversen: Retorik. Tænkepause 95. Aarhus: Aarhus Universitets­forlag, 2022.
Arkitektur som tredje hud: Om rum, kropp och atmosfär
Authors: Sigurdson Ola
Published: November 2022

How should we understand the relation between ­spatiality and embodiment? This question is not just theoretical but also practical, not just conceptual but also existential, not just philosophical but also a question for architecture. In this article I will explore the relationship between spatiality and embodiment with the help of architecture and phenomenology. As the question about the relationship is both theoretical and practical, both conceptual and existential, I want to do justice to these dimensions to some extent through moving between, first, the imagery of architecture, second, the conceptuality of phenomenology, particularly how spatiality and embodiment relate to the concept of atmosphere, and third, some studies in the ­theory of architecture. Thus, this article is an explorative interpretation with the aim of articulating how the relationship between spatiality and embodiment could be understood in a way that is comprehensive, clarifying, and existentially relevant
Introduktion: Kroppens retorik
Authors: Gelang Marie
Published: November 2022

Intro: Rhetorica Scandinavica 84 / 2022: TEMA Kroppens retorik
Why I Don’t Need Private Tuition?
Authors: Tomar Pooja
Published: November 2022

The study attempts to assess the way choice of the stream (Science, Commerce and Humanities) influences the demand for private tutoring among senior secondary school students. This paper also explores the reasons for seeking private tuition. Results draw out why students of some streams do not go for private tuition while private tuition has become a necessity for students in other streams. Data is collected from 150 participants to assess the nature of private tutoring. Student interviews from different streams were conducted to determine the reasons behind attending private tuition. The findings reveal a huge demand for private tuition among science and commerce students. On the other hand, negligible demand for tutoring among humanities students was found. Highly competitive examinations as the selection criteria for admission to institutes of higher education and complex as well as lengthy syllabi in the science stream came out as important factors for the high prevalence of tutoring among science stream participants. Apart from this, parents’ influence, social trends, and achievements of seniors and elders are also reasons for the steep difference in tutoring rates among participants of the science and humanities stream.
Varieties of Language and the Quest for Excellence in its Teaching and Learning
Authors: Mr. Naresh Kumar  , Dr. Dharmendra Singh
Published: November 2022

Human beings are different from animals in being able to organize the range of sounds produced by body mechanism into a highly efficient system of their identical language-based communication which has a network of varieties along with space, time, and social classes, deciding the identity, lexis and structural aspects of that variety of language known as a dialect. When one person uses one dialect in his own unique way, it is called his idiolect but different roles and situations decide the register and style of that dialect which is used as a standard dialect, no less than a language in itself. Every language has its own sounds, words, sentence patterns, and semantic meanings which need to be taught and learned. For this, three variables namely, the students, the methods/ approaches, and the teachers should be given due attention for further exploration in the field of academic study (teaching and learning) of the English language.
Treatment of History in Select Contemporary Indian English Novels
Authors: Shumaila Fatma
Published: November 2022

History and fiction share one trait in common and that is recording of events past, incidence, personalities, movements, etc. the difference between history and fiction is that history takes an objective view of the events whereas fiction takes a creative sweep. Both chronicle formation, development and evolution of nations in their own way. History fiction interface therefore becomes a virgin track to till for the Indian English novelist. Shashi Tharoor in The Great Indian Novel (1989), Geeta Mahta in Raj (1988) and Kiran Nagarkar in Cuckold (1997) explore this interface in their unique ways. Tharoor tries to atone himself with his present retrospectively with the help of history. Geeta Mehta tries to coalate east –west encounter along with cultural issues, historical facts and fantasy, realism and socio-political features at the time of independence. Kiran Nagarkar tries to achieve a transformation in the history or the lack of it.
Man, Nature and the Advent of Technology in Kamala Markandaya’s The Coffer Dams
Authors: Anirban Das Karmakar
Published: November 2022

Man wants to tame nature to have some extra benefits. He is not satisfied with what he gets naturally from nature. This 'use' of nature for personal gain has undeniably made human life better but at the same time has broken the natural status quo. What appears beneficial for humans turns to be dangerous for many others. This stands in sharp contrast with the homogeneous living of all other species. This exploitative creed of human beings is crossing every limit and nature may bounce back any moment. Kamala Markandaya in her novel, The Coffer Dams has very keenly presented this conflict. The clash between natural and artificial has revealed the faulty steps that proud humans are following. A dam may seem a meek example, but it has much more to tell.
Relationship, Workload: A Study in Mickey and the Memsahib
Authors: Perwez Alam
Published: November 2022

Good relationship is an essence for happy and peaceful life as water is necessary for existence of living beings. Extensive workloads and lust for huge earnings compel many professionals, private and government employees to be stuck with their duties for extra hours in the cosmopolitan cities; aloof from their family, relatives and friends; with them they should spend some time to sustain good relationship but they have no time to do so. Contrary, confusion and doubt has penetrate in their minds that disturb many people and force human beings to stay in perturbed circumstances though proper discussion restore their relationship with family particularly. They should spare time at home to share their ups and downs with wife, mother, sisters, brothers and other relatives in the high-tech cities and towns. Therefore, an appreciable relationship has taken a resentful situation when Professor and Memsahib become incompetent and careless to maintain their life-bonding relationship in the Marathi play Mickey and the Memsahib that is written by Satish Alekar (1949-). Professor has been doing research on the mouse named Mickey; so he has a hectic life of taking care of the mouse, scrutinizing research papers that are generally submitted by his research scholars, preparing lectures in the university, maintaining official works because he has been playing role of HOD for years. Memsahib is an Associate Professor who is always busy in her works. They do not negotiate nor give sufficient time to each other that results loneliness, sadness and dilemma.
A review analysis of cytoreductive surgery and HIPEC in gynecological cancers
Authors: John Spiliotis  , Irene Noskova  , Nicolas - Jason Spiliotis
Published: November 2022

Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) is a procedure to delivered chemotherapy directly while heating in the peritoneal cavity after a special surgical effort which described as cytoreductive surgery (CRS). The aim of this method is to eliminate surgically and medically all the visible tumor deposits from different tumors. The last decade the interest of this treatment in peritoneal metastasis of different gynecological tumors as ovarian, endometrial or cervical are reported with different trials. This article reviews the current literature and evidence of this procedure.