bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Repetition frequency modulated fiber laser for coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering
Authors: Wu Tao , Chen Kun , Wei Haoyun , Li Yan
Published: December 2019

The dual-comb coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) technique has been proposed and developed for many years with various applications. It maps the spectral information to the time domain and resolves Raman peaks by scanning the relative delay of the pulse pair. One main drawback of this method is the low duty cycle. The span of scanning is far larger than needed, leading to a massive waste of time and energy. In this Letter, a dual-comb fiber laser system with fast repetition modulation ability is proposed and demonstrated. It can detect the relative delay via an asymmetric sum-frequency-mixing method and flip the repetition frequency difference at the exact time to increase the duty cycle by several hundred times. Consequently, it is expected that the detection efficiency is greatly enhanced compared to traditional dual-comb systems for CARS measurements.
Non-metallic and angular-insensitive metasurface transmissive long-pass filter in the visible and near-infrared regions
Authors: Qian Qinyu , Fan Li , Zhao Liang , Wang Chinhua
Published: December 2019

In this Letter, we report on a non-metallic and angular-insensitive transmissive optical long-pass filter in the visible and near-infrared regions, which uses two sets of dielectric nanopillars grown on

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on the top. Coupled Mie resonances are generated from the two sets of dielectric nanopillars with different sizes so that high reflection and absorption are realized to steeply cut off the transmission in shorter wavelengths and to ensure a high transmission in longer wavelengths. A polarization-independent and wide-angular-insensitive (up to 60°) cutoff effect is realized within a surface layer that is only 399 nm thick. Double-beam ultraviolet interference lithography and sputter coating depositions are designed to efficiently fabricate the proposed metasurface with a multi-set of sub-nanostructures. Experimental results demonstrate that high isolation with an extinction ratio

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(19.54 dB in simulation) and steep cutoff with a cutoff slope

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in simulation) in transmission can be achieved. The demonstrated device suggests an efficient way of designing and fabricating angular-insensitive optical filters with metasurfaces, which is of importance in applications such as the liquid crystal display, optical communication, and sensors.
Observation of optical backflow
Authors: Eliezer Yaniv , Zacharias Thomas , Bahabad Alon
Published: December 2019

Quantum backflow is a counterintuitive phenomenon in which a forward-propagating quantum particle propagates locally backwards. The actual counter-propagation property associated with this delicate interference phenomenon has not been observed to date in any field of physics, to the best of our knowledge. Here, we report the observation of an analog optical effect, namely, transverse optical backflow where a beam of light propagating to a specific transverse direction is measured locally to propagate in the opposite direction. This observation is relevant to any physical system supporting coherent waves.
#MeToo and broadcast journalism in South Korea: The gatekeeping process of #MeToo
Authors: Lee Misook
Published: December 2019

This article aims to articulate the process of broadcasting #MeToo in South Korea to understand the gatekeeping process and its impact on the expansion of the #MeToo movement. After Suh Ji-hyun, a prosecutor, spoke out publicly about her experiences of being sexually harassed, South Korea has witnessed the expansion of #MeToo and #WithYou, a solidarity movement with the victims, in every sector of society. To understand how a gendered and patriarchal society could bring huge support for the #MeToo, this article sheds light on the broadcasting process of #MeToo. The most trusted and influential news brand in South Korea is JTBC, a TV broadcasting company. This research conducted semi-structured interviews with JTBC journalists and analysed the content of the JTBC news. JTBC put higher news value on ‘victim’s voices’ delivered directly through TV live interviews and framed #MeToo as a ‘structural problem’ from the power relation. Through interviews with journalists, this research found that #MeToo stories could pass through the individual, organizational and social-system level, which made the intensive media coverage on #MeToo possible and eventually developed the expansion and impact of #MeToo among society including media organizations reflexively.
China's ancient past in its contemporary art: On the politics of time and nation branding at the Venice Biennale
Authors: Chao Jenifer
Published: December 2019

This article examines the China Pavilion at the 2017Venice Biennalethrough an exploration of temporality. It argues that the pavilion's deployment of a politics of time – by mobilizing China's dynastic past and its traditional arts to enhance the present – constructs a mode of cultural timelessness that sustains a stultifying visual and discursive regime. Touting the theme of 'Continuum – Generation by Generation', the pavilion paid a lofty tribute to folk-art practices such as embroidery and shadow play, elevating two paintings from the Song Dynasty as the fount of contemporary artistic imagination. This recourse to the past mirrors a predictable and safe representational strategy often mobilized by the country to shape its own public and media image on the global stage. In view of this, the pavilion can be more constructively investigated as an exercise in image and perception management, or nation branding, which reveals the self-narratives that the country embraces. Nation branding serves as a complementary analytical lens that probes the instrumentalization of Chinese traditions, history and past, while crystallizing some parallel visual logics and aims of contemporary art. Aesthetics and nation branding are, therefore, conjoined to question the shared visuality that perpetuates, to borrow a term from Rey Chow, the 'affect of pastness' that obscures a more timely and inventive imaginary of the country.
Beyond the cinematic: Reinventing Chinese martial arts through new media art practices
Authors: Wong Wayne
Published: December 2019

This article argues that the reinvention of Chinese martial arts through new media art practices reveals new aesthetic potentialities not readily available in the conventional cinematic medium. While martial arts cinema has captivated the global audience with visual and visceral excitements, most notably through the new-stylewuxiafilms of the 1960s and the kung fu craze of the 1970s, it focuses on representational strategies characteristic ofimaginative irreversibilityandpassive immersivity. The former refers to the rigid segregation of reality and fantasy that discourages the possibility of reversal, whereas the latter describes the immersive wuxia and kung fu spectacles as a disembodied experience, contrary to the core of martial arts learning and practice. To address the above issues, martial arts-inspired new media artworks, such as susuan pui san lok'sRoCH Fans & Legends(2015) and Jeffery Shaw, Sarah Kenderdine and Hing Chao'sLingnan Hung Kuen Across the Century(2017), look for alternative approaches to represent martial arts imaginations for the goals of preserving an intangible cultural heritage and promoting an intellectual reflexivity. In so doing, not only do the new media artworks help to reposition Chinese martial arts as an everyday art form via conventional art spaces worldwide through the transnational and transregional flow of cinema, but they also establish the subtle connection between traditional martial art and contemporary art in the context of globalization.
From digital solutionism to materialist accountability: The urgency of new interventions
Authors: Kuntsman Adi
Published: December 2019

How to reconcile the usefulness of digital tools and their adoption into environmental initiatives and sustainability projects, with the extensive environmental damages of the digitization itself? Despite a growing number of critical voices, pointing to environmental footprints of digital communication and the systemic blindness towards those in media analysis, the subject still remains on the margins of media studies. This article suggests reorienting the field towards materialist accountability: placing the analysis of digital harms geographically and historically; examining the silences and erasures of our own scholarship; being attentive to which technologies, and where, are inflicting harm on who; and asking what is our own responsibility as privileged media users in industrialized nations.
Digital cultures and climate change: ‘Here and now’
Authors: Boykoff Maxwell
Published: December 2019

We are living through momentous times as we confront issues surrounding digital cultures and communications about climate change. There is urgency derived from our recognition that climate change is ‘here and now’. Inequalities of power and access – in both digital cultures and in a changing climate – disadvantage individuals and communities who seek to take actions in the face of climate threats. Via digital cultures, creativity is expanding rather than retracting from the challenge of meeting people where they are on climate change in the twenty-first century. Amid signs of progress and hope, there is much more work to be done.
Between crisis and care: Projection mapping as creative climate advocacy
Authors: Pezzullo Phaedra C.
Published: December 2019

At this critical crossroad of climate crisis, environmental advocates have turned to projection mapping (also known as ‘guerrilla projections’, ‘digital graffiti’, etc.) to foster an ethic of care. This article focuses on two 2015 projection mapping events: one in Vatican City and the other in Paris. Although imperfect, projection mapping may orient attention, transform locations into public spaces for political engagement and cultivate collective imaginaries. By rethinking environmental media between climate crisis and care, we may define the agenda of this journal as not only centred on critique but also regenerating creative communication for a just and vibrant future.
Visualizing climate change in the Arctic and beyond: Participatory media and the United Nations Conference of the Parties (COP), and interactive Indigenous Arctic media
Authors: MacKenzie Scott , Stenport Anna Westerstahl
Published: December 2019

Impactful communication remains a vexing problem for climate science researchers and public outreach. This article identifies a range of moving images and screen-based media used to visualize climate change, focusing especially on the Arctic region and the efforts of the United Nations. The authors examine the aesthetics of big data visualization of melting sea ice and glaciers made by NASA and similar entities; eye-witness, expert accounts and youth-produced documentaries designed for United Nations delegates to the annual COP events such as the Youth Climate Report; Please Help the World, the dystopian cli-fi narrative produced for the UN’s COP 15; and Isuma TV’s streaming of works by Indigenous practitioners in Nunavut.
Black spruce seedling growth response in controlled organic and organic-mineral substrates
Authors: Henneb Mohammed , Valeria Osvaldo , Thiffault Nelson , Fenton Nicole
Published: December 2019

Picea mariana
The Standardization of administrative processes: a case study using continuous improvement tool
Authors: Espíndola Suzana Carla Nunes Lins , Albuquerque André Philippi Gonzaga de , Xavier Larissa De Arruda , Melo Fagner José Coutinho de , Medeiros Denise Dumke de
Published: December 2019

Goal: The goal of this research is to propose a system for the implementation of the standardization of processes, and for their continuous improvement and optimization in the administrative area of companies.

Design / Methodology / Approach: A system for the implementation of process standardization was proposed and carried out through stages for structuring each process.

Results: It was noticed that although no ideal model can be deployed in all organizations, there is a real necessity for companies that need tools to be used and adapted to the needs of each company.

Limitations of the investigation: It is worth mentioning the fact that this work was elaborated considering the specificities of the company and that the planning for the implementation of the necessary changes was performed, observing the particularities of the company.

Practical implications: The study demonstrates that with an organizational restructuring of the company, it is possible to structure internal and external processes, thus creating a faster and more accurate flow of information between departments and allowing lean management by eliminating obsolete and unnecessary processes. Another practical implication observed is the creation, control, and monitoring of indicators to achieve the results of the projected processes, as well as checking of the evaluation of these processes that can be maintained or changed according to the company's strategic planning.

Originality / Value: This article contributes to the strengthening of strategic knowledge aimed at the standardization of administrative processes for the continuous improvement of quality in the services of retail companies and can be applied in companies from emerging countries.
The Mediating Role Effect of Internal Integration Between Long Term Relationship with Suppliers and Customers and Business Performance in Turkey ICI 500 Enterprises
Authors: Toker Kerem , Pinar Recep İbrahim
Published: December 2019

Goal: This paper aims to demonstrate the mediating effect of internal integration in the relationship between long-term connections with customers/suppliers and operating performance. Businesses that want to improve operating performance often try to establish long-term relationships with customers and suppliers. However, at this stage, they neglect the internal integration process.

Design/Methodology/Approach: Exploratory and empirical data were collected from Turkey's largest 500 manufacturing firms. Factor analyses were performed to verify the validity and reliability of the data set and scales. Then, the relationships between the variables were tested with a hierarchical regression model.

Results: The findings show that the internal integration variable has a full mediating effect on the relationship between long-term relationships with customers/suppliers and the operating performance variable.

Limitations of the investigation: This research is based only on large industrial enterprises, and the results can only be interpreted in the context of emerging economies.

Practical implications: When businesses try to establish long-term relationships with customers and suppliers, they often neglect the internal integration process, making the long-term relationship processes ineffective. This research focuses on internal integration and emphasizes its impact on the relationship between variables.

Originality/Value: This study on the integration of supply in the context of Turkey's largest production company is the first and original research. These results for manufacturing enterprises in developing countries with a similar economic structure to Turkey are expected to provide practical benefits.
Proposing a load balancing algorithm with an integrative approach to reduce response time and service process time in data centers
Authors: Sabeti Sanaz Hosseinzadeh , Mollabgher Maryam
Published: December 2019

Goal: Load balancing policies often map workloads on virtual machines, and are being sought to achieve their goals by creating an almost equal level of workload on any virtual machine. In this research, a hybrid load balancing algorithm is proposed with the aim of reducing response time and processing time.

Design / Methodology / Approach: The proposed algorithm performs load balancing using a table including the status indicators of virtual machines and the task list allocated to each virtual machine. The evaluation results of response time and processing time in data centers from four algorithms, ESCE, Throttled, Round Robin and the proposed algorithm is done.

Results: The overall response time and data processing time in the proposed algorithm data center are shorter than other algorithms and improve the response time and data processing time in the data center. The results of the overall response time for all algorithms show that the response time of the proposed algorithm is 12.28%, compared to the Round Robin algorithm, 9.1% compared to the Throttled algorithm, and 4.86% of the ESCE algorithm.

Limitations of the investigation: Due to time and technical limitations, load balancing has not been achieved with more goals, such as lowering costs and increasing productivity.

Practical implications: The implementation of a hybrid load factor policy can improve the response time and processing time. The use of load balancing will cause the traffic load between virtual machines to be properly distributed and prevent bottlenecks. This will be effective in increasing customer responsiveness. And finally, improving response time increases the satisfaction of cloud users and increases the productivity of computing resources.

Originality/Value: This research can be effective in optimizing the existing algorithms and will take a step towards further research in this regard.
Analysis of lot-sizing methods’ suitability for different manufacturing application scenarios oriented to MRP and JIT/Kanban environments
Authors: Florim Wilson , Dias Paulo , Santos André S. , Varela Leonilde R. , Madureira Ana M. , Putnik Goran D.
Published: December 2019

Goal: The main goal of this research is to analyse the behaviour of a set of ten lot-sizing methods applied to different application scenarios, within the context of more traditional MRP-based manufacturing environments and on JIT/ Kanbans oriented ones.

Design/Methodology/Approach: After an extended literature review, a quantitative research method is used to provide a comparative analysis on the performance of the lot-sizing methods under different simulated application scenarios, with variations in demand and peaks of seasonality. Moreover, a final summary provides the error deviations for lot-sizing methods regarding increases in demand variations and seasonality indexes.

Results: The study analyses lot-sizing methods and discusses benefits and risks associated to its use in application scenarios marked by a considerable variation in demand or peaks in seasonality.

Limitations of the investigation: As the application scenarios did not explore variations in the ordering and stock holding costs, further analysis including these kinds of variations is encouraged.

Practical implications: The findings of this research enable the enhancement of the conscience of industrial practitioners, regarding the selection of best suited lot-sizing methods for being applied on each kind of manufacturing scenario, regarding MRP or JIT/ Kanban environments.

Originality/Value: Given the diversity of the existing lot-sizing methods, for instance, the heuristic ones, authors can find it quite difficult to select appropriate methods for solving their problems for each kind of application scenario. Therefore, the present study can provide useful knowledge to better support decision making in the lot-sizing domain.
Kajian Daur Hidup (Life Cycle Assessment) dalam Produksi Pupuk Urea: Studi Kasus PT Pupuk Kujang
Authors: Adiansyah Joni Safaat , Ningrum Nailawati Prastiya , Pratiwi Dyan , Hadiyanto Hadiyanto
Published: December 2019

Pupuk urea adalah merupakan salah satu jenis pupuk yang paling banyak digunakan oleh petani di Indonesia. Total penggunaan pupuk urea selama tahun 2018 yang tercatat pada Kementerian Perindustrian Indonesia adalah sejumlah 6,27 Juta ton atau mengalami peningkatan 5% dari tahun sebelumnya. Salah satu pabrik yang menghasilkan pupuk urea adalah PT Pupuk Kujang di Cikampek Jawa Barat. Tujuan dari studi ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi dampak lingkungan potensial yang dihasilkan dari produksi 50 Kg pupuk urea. Metode yang digunakan dalam kajian dampak daur hidup (Life Cycle Impact Assessment) adalah CML-IA dengan 11(sebelas) parameter yaitu abiotic depletion dan abiotic depletion (fossil fuel), global warming (GWP100), ozone layer depletion, human toxicity, fresh water dan marine aquatic ecotoxicity, terrestrial ecotoxicity, photochemical oxidation, acidification, dan eutrophication,  Adapun batasan sistem menggunakancradle to grave yang memperhitungakn bahan dasar, proses produksi, transportasi dan pengelolaan limbah (karung bekas pupuk). Dari hasil analisa didapatkan bahwa proses produksi memberikan kontribusi dampak paling besar dibandingkan dengan pengelolaan limbah sisa karung (landfill). Proses produksi memberikan kontribusi terhadap dampak potensial lingkungan pada kisaran 99,14 – 100 persen dari total dampak yang di hasilkan. Sebagai tambahan bahwa dampak yang ditimbulkan pada proses di pabrik ammonia akan memberikan kontribusi lebih besar pada kisaran 22-37 persen lebih besar dibandingkan dengan proses di pabrik urea.Dari hasil analisa dengan memanfaatkan grafik jaringan (networking graph) pada program SimaPro juga menunjukkan bahwa environmental hotspotsdari daur hidup pupuk urea disebabkan oleh penggunaan gas alam, katalis molybdenum, penggunaan listrik dari Perusahaan Listrik Negara (PLN), penggunaan polypropylene dalam material karung, dan transportasi. Dengan mempertimbangan environmental hotspot maka tindakan perbaikan berkelanjutan perlu dilakukan baik berupa  audit energi maupun pengelolaan penggunaan katalis.
Performing Authenticity “In Your Own Sweet Way”
Authors: Klotz Kelsey A.K.
Published: December 2019

(Opening paragraph): "In a 2001 interview for a PBS documentary titled Rediscovering Dave Brubeck, jazz critic Ira Gitler volunteered that the songs “In Your Own Sweet Way” and “The Duke,” both Dave Brubeck originals, became jazz standards “when Miles Davis played them, that gave them the official stamp of approval.” When interviewer Hedrick Smith asked Gitler why Davis could give the songs a stamp approval that Brubeck himself could not, Gitler responded, “Well because Miles Davis, in giving his stamp of approval to these Brubeck compositions by recording them, here was a black jazz man who was respected in both the black and white circles, and when he did it black people had to say, you know, ‘that’s cool.’” Put simply, Davis’s versions were “cool”—were somehow authentic—while Brubeck’s versions were not, despite being considered by most critics and audiences to be part of the cool jazz genre. In distinguishing between these uses of the term “cool,” Gitler rooted Davis’s authenticity and jazz authority in his blackness, implying that Brubeck’s whiteness kept him from achieving the same status.
Working by the Light of the Moon: The Translation of ‘Moonlighting’ in Multilingual Official Documents. A Review.
Authors: Manzella Pietro
Published: December 2019

This paper examines the notion of ‘moonlighting’, which in industrial relations discourse refers to secondary employment performed in addition to the employee’s main job. As this concept might lend itself to different interpretations in English, the aim of this paper is to consider whether the ambiguous nature of this wording in source texts is also reflected in target texts, exploring how translators deal with it when rendering this concept in other languages. To this end, documents published by international institutions in English and their translations in French, Italian and Spanish were compared and contrasted, investigating the strategies put in place by translators to convey the meaning of “moonlighting” in other languages.
Chinese MA Student Writers’ Identity Construction in Citation Practices1
Authors: Liu Qingrong , Deng Liming
Published: December 2019

Based on Burgess and Ivanič’s (2010) framework of the discoursal construction of writer identity, this paper explores the interaction between citation practices and identity construction in Chinese EFL learners’ MA thesis writing. A mixed approach of textual analysis and interviews was adopted to examine the citation features of MA theses and the identities Chinese EFL learners constructed through citation selection. It was found that students’ selection of citations reflects their linguistic identity, academic and disciplinary identity, as well as novice identity. Their citation practices project different discursive selves to readers. By adjusting the number and relevance of references, they intend to construct a knowledgeable and credible self. The use of ineffective citations and references not only projects an unfavorable impression on readers but reflects a lack of authorial identity. This study has significant implications for the teaching of academic English and the supervision of thesis writing.
Können Zwecke als Grundlage für eine Bedeutungstheorie dienen?
Authors: Figueiredo Florian Franken
Published: December 2019

In this paper, I discuss whether the view that understanding is the ability to relate the use of an expression to a certain purpose leads to a theory of meaning as usage. In particular, I investigate the view that a theory of meaning relies on the assumption that use is related to immanent purposes of language. I inquire whether it is possible to identify those purposes that seem essential for the use of language. Interpreting Wittgenstein, I argue that this idea relies on a misunderstanding between purposes and effects. Single purposes are not to be conceived of as essential for the use of language. However, if we want to speak of an essential purpose of language, I argue, this purpose is to be conceived of as an end in itself. I draw the conclusion that the use of language is an end in itself rather than a means that fulfils essential purposes.
Curcumin-loaded zeolite as anticancer drug carrier: effect of curcumin adsorption on zeolite structure
Authors: Ahali Abadeh Zahra , Saviano Giovanna , Ballirano Paolo , Santonicola M. Gabriella
Published: December 2019

In this work we used a combination of different techniques to investigate the adsorption properties of curcumin by zeolite type A for potential use as an anticancer drug carrier. Curcumin is a natural water-insoluble drug that has attracted great attention in recent years due to its potential anticancer effect in suppressing many types of cancers, while showing a synergistic antitumor effect with other anticancer agents. However, curcumin is poorly soluble in aqueous solutions leading to the application of high drug dosage in oral formulations. Zeolites, inorganic crystalline aluminosilicates with porous structure on the nano- and micro-scale and high internal surface area, can be useful as pharmaceutical carrier systems to encapsulate drugs with intrinsic low aqueous solubility and improve their dissolution. Here, we explore the use of zeolite type A for encapsulation of curcumin, and we investigate its surface properties and morphology, before and after loading of the anticancer agent, using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and UV-vis spectroscopy. Results are used to assess the loading efficiency of zeolite type A towards curcumin and its structural stability after loading.
Recent advances in the chemistry of bicyclo- and 1-azabicyclo[1.1.0]butanes
Authors: Fawcett Alexander
Published: December 2019

Bicyclo[1.1.0]- and 1-azabicyclo[1.1.0]butanes are structurally unique compounds that exhibit diverse chemistry. Bicyclo[1.1.0]butane is a four-membered carbocycle with a bridging C(1)-C(3) bond and 1-azabicyclo[1.1.0]butane is an analog of bicyclo[1.1.0]butane featuring a nitrogen atom at one bridgehead. These structures are highly strained, allowing them to participate in a range of strain-releasing reactions which typically cleave the central, strained bond to deliver cyclobutanes or azetidines. However, despite these molecules being discovered in the 1950s and 1960s, and possessing a myriad of alluring chemical features, the chemistry and applications of bicyclo[1.1.0]- and 1-azabicyclo[1.1.0]butanes remain underexplored. In the past 5 years, there has been a resurgent interest in their chemistry driven by the pharmaceutical industry’s increasing desire for new methods to access cyclobutanes and azetidines. This short review intends to provide a timely summary of the most recent developments in the chemistry of bicyclo[1.1.0]- and 1-azabicyclo[1.1.0]butane to highlight the diverse chemistry they can access, their value as synthetic precursors to cyclobutanes and azetidines, and to identify areas for future research.
Der Deutsche Corporate Governance Kodex 2020
Authors: Hopt Klaus J. , Leyens Patrick C.
Published: December 2019

Die Regierungskommission Deutscher Corporate Governance Kodex hat ein vollständig neugefasstes Kodexwerk vorgelegt, das ab 2020 gelten soll. Im Einklang mit internationalen Vorstellungen soll künftig die Mehrheit der Anteilseignervertreter im Aufsichtsrat von Vorstand und Gesellschaft unabhängig sein, hingegen sollen schon zwei von einem Kontrollaktionär unabhängige Mitglieder ausreichen. Zur Vorstandsvergütung, dem zweiten großen Reformanliegen, empfiehlt der Kodex ein Modell mit weitgehenden Vorgaben zu Inhalt, Ablauf und Überprüfung. Zu begrüßen ist der Wegfall des Corporate Governance Berichts und die Aufwertung der Erklärung zur Unternehmensführung zum zentralen Berichtsinstrument. Bei Kritik im Einzelnen ist die Neufassung des DCGK international anschlussfähig und die Kodexregulierung nicht zuletzt durch das offen geführte Konsultationsverfahren gestärkt.
Organhaftung und D&O-Versicherung
Authors: Doralt Walter
Published: December 2019

Der Beitrag geht zunächst auf die Geschäftsleiterhaftung ein und hinterfragt dabei die verbreitete Annahme überzogener Haftungsrisiken. Es folgt ein Überblick zu den aktuellen Fragen der D&O-Versicherung. Zuerst wird auf die Veränderungen der Versicherungsprodukte eingegangen. Auf dieser Grundlage werden Probleme des Vergütungscharakters der D&O-Versicherung, der je nach Gestaltung gegeben sein kann, sowie die Zuständigkeitsfragen zum Abschluss behandelt. Schließlich erörtert der Beitrag zentrale Gestaltungsfragen der D&O-Versicherung.
A hexaniobate expanded by six [Hg(cyclam)]2+ complexes via Hg–O bonds yields a positively charged polyoxoniobate cluster
Authors: Müscher-Polzin Philipp , Näther Christian , Bensch Wolfgang
Published: December 2019

The room temperature reaction of Hg(NO3)2 · H2O, cyclam (cyclam = 1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane) and K8{Nb6O19} · 16 H2O in a mixture of H2O and DMSO led to crystallization of the novel compound {[Hg(cyclam)]6Nb6O19}(NO3)4 · 14 H2O, which is the first mercury containing polyoxoniobate. The structure consists of a {Nb6O19}8− cluster core which is expanded by six [Hg(cyclam)]2+ complexes via Hg–μ
2-O–Nb bond formation. The title compound contains a positively charged polyoxoniobate cluster. The crystal water molecules form small aggregates by O–H · · · O hydrogen bonding which are joined into larger aggregates by N–O · · · H–O hydrogen bonding integrating the nitrate anions.
Effects of β-hydroxybutyrate on cognition in patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Jensen Nicole Jacqueline , Nilsson Malin , Ingerslev Jonas Schultz , Olsen Dorte Aalund , Fenger Mogens , Svart Mads , Møller Niels , Zander Mette , Miskowiak Kamilla Woznica , Rungby Jørgen
Published: December 2019

Objective

Cognitive impairment in type 2 diabetes is associated with cerebral glucose hypometabolism. Providing a glucose substitute such as ketone bodies might restore metabolic balance in glucose-compromised neurones and improve cognitive performance. We aimed to investigate if β-hydroxybutyrate (ketone body) infusion acutely affects cognitive performance, measured by a neuropsychological test battery, in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Design

Randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind cross-over trial.

Methods

Eighteen patients with type 2 diabetes received i.v. ketone body (β-hydroxybutyrate) and placebo (saline) infusion in a randomised order on two separate occasions. On both days of examination, blood glucose was clamped at 7.5 mmol/L and a neuropsychological test battery was used to assess global cognitive performance (primary outcome) and specialized cognitive measures of verbal memory, working memory, executive function, psychomotor speed, and sustained attention.

Results

During neurocognitive testing, β-hydroxybutyrate concentrations were 2.4 vs 0.1 mmol/L. Working memory assessed by Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale letter-number-sequencing significantly improved by 1.6 points (95% CI: 0.7, 2.4; non-adjusted P < 0.001) corresponding to a 17% increase in performance during ketone infusion compared to placebo. There was no change for global cognitive performance or any other cognitive measure after adjusting for multiple comparisons. Blood concentrations of β-hydroxybutyrate and glycaemic status did not associate with test performance; however, insulin resistance measured by HOMA was related to improved working memory performance during ketone infusion (β = 4%; 95% CI: 1.1, 7.7; P = 0.012).

Conclusions

Ketone infusion specifically improved working memory performance in patients with type 2 diabetes in the absence of changes in global cognition.
Efecto de una intervención motriz basada en el método de descubrimiento guiado sobre los patrones básicos de movimiento de un niño de 9 años: estudio de caso
Authors: Morera-Castro Maria , Arguedas-Víquez Rita , Brabenec-Aguilar Stephanie
Published: December 2019

El propósito de esta investigación fue determinar el efecto de una intervención motriz basada en el método de descubrimiento guiado sobre los patrones básicos de movimiento de un niño típico. Se contó con la participación de un infante de 9 años que se percibe físicamente activo, practica deportes con regularidad, asiste a la escuela y posee un estado de salud y cognitivo normal. La intervención se aplicó durante 6 semanas, 2 sesiones de evaluación pretest y postest, por medio del instrumento para la evaluación de los patrones básicos de movimiento, y 4 sesiones prácticas de 60 minutos, un día a la semana, durante 4 semanas. Para el análisis de resultados, se utilizó el porcentaje de cambio. Los resultados, luego de la intervención, mostraron mejorías en el porcentaje de cambio, en 4 de los de los patrones locomotores entre el 33.33 % y 300 %; en los patrones manipulativos, entre el 37.5 % y 900 %; así como un mejoramiento del 50 %, en el total de las destrezas locomotoras, y de 85,18%, la totalidad de las destrezas manipulativas. A su vez, tuvo una mejoría global en PBM del 65.08 %. Se concluye que, luego de este estudio de caso, un modelo de intervención motriz basado en el método empleado puede ser una herramienta útil para mejorar las destrezas motoras básicas en la población infantil.
Propiedad intelectual, acceso a recursos genéticos y protección del conocimiento tradicional en la Ley de Biodiversidad
Authors: Cabrera Jorge
Published: December 2019

No disponible/Not available
Educación para el uso de la radiación solar como fuente energética
Authors: Coto Juana , Benavides Ana Cristina
Published: December 2019

No disponible/Not available
Vida y declive de la Red Mesoamericana de Conflictos Ambientales
Authors: Borel Rolaind
Published: December 2019

No disponible/Not available
La seguridad alimentaria y los cabécares de la Reserva Indígena Chirripó
Authors: Rosero Iván
Published: December 2019

No disponible/Not available
Reservas de biósfera: desarrollo local y conservación
Authors: Muller Eduard , Santiago Claudia
Published: December 2019

No disponible/Not available
Educación forestal en Centroamérica
Authors: Jiménez Martín Wilberth
Published: December 2019

No disponible/Not available
El proceso de escritura y publicación de un artículo científico
Authors: López Leyva Santos
Published: December 2019

El presente trabajo deriva de una experiencia de acción didáctica. Constituye material de apoyo elaborado para un curso de investigación, en una universidad mexicana, en cuanto a la elaboración de artículos científicos. Tiene como propósitos resaltar la importancia del artículo científico como mecanismo de difusión de la ciencia y explicar los pasos para su publicación en una revista. Define el concepto de artículo científico y analiza su estructura. Revisa componentes, separándolos en centrales y conexos. Los primeros son: introducción, métodos, resultados, discusión y conclusiones. El título, resumen, palabras claves, agradecimientos, referencias y anexos se denominan partes conexas. Ofrece sugerencias para la elaboración de cada una de estas secciones. Formula recomendaciones para la preparación del manuscrito y sugiere las etapas que debe tener el proceso de publicación. Con base en entrevistas a seis investigadores, marca las restricciones, y propone recomendaciones para la escritura y publicación de un artículo.
Notas sobre la escritura escolar como efecto de verdad sobre el sujeto o como gesto en la relación con el saber
Authors: Cartolari Manuela , Zambrano Jusmeidy
Published: December 2019

Recibido 18 de setiembre de 2012 •  Corregido 20 de febrero de 2013 • Aceptado 13 de marzo de 2013En este ensayo se analizan presupuestos ético-filosóficos subyacentes a cómo se conciben las escrituras de los alumnos en el ámbito educativo en relación con la subjetividad y el saber. La noción de poder desarrollada por Foucault se vincula a lo escrito en tanto “efecto de verdad” sobre el sujeto y a la concepción reificada de su escritura, entendida como superficie especular del pensamiento. A ello se contrapone el carácter de espaciamiento entre el sí mismo y el signo que implica escribir, espaciamiento en el que Derrida señala que la subjetividad se origina en el sentido producido por la diferencia. Finalmente, se propone pensar la escritura como gesto en la dirección que plantea Agamben, puesto que al sustraerse de la lógica de los medios y los fines, el gesto se pone de manifiesto en la escritura como la comunicabilidad de una comunicabilidad y pura potencia de pensar, es decir, como acontecimiento. Si al escribir un alumno es convocado a producir sentido no solo sobre un conocimiento “puntual”, sino sobre su propio ser-en-el-lenguaje como sujeto histórico y deseante, la escritura se asume como gesto hacia el saber y, por tanto, emerge en contrapartida la dimensión ético-política acerca de cómo comprendemos, evaluamos y respondemos a sus escritos.
Las creencias de la docente de educación física sobre la obesidad en la niñez de edad escolar
Authors: Núñez-Rivas Hilda Patricia , Campos-Saborío Natalia , Holst-Schumacher Ileana , Alfaro-Mora Flory Virginia
Published: December 2019

Recibido 08 de febrero de 2013 • Corregido 10 de marzo de 2013 • Aceptado 13 de marzo de 2013El propósito de este artículo es comprender cómo las creencias del personal docente de Educación Física (EF) acerca de la obesidad de niños y niñas en edad escolar, favorecen u obstaculizan la prevención de esta condición. Para tal fin se empleó el método etnográfico en una escuela urbana pública. Las técnicas de recolección de datos fueron: observación participante, entrevistas a profundidad, grupos focales y análisis documental. Estas permitieron recoger datos abundantes y ricos de significados, que al ser triangulados por fuentes le dieron validez a los resultados de la investigación. Hallazgos informan sobre la actividad física limitada al ámbito áulico, la obesidad como condición que dificulta la participación de los niños y niñas en EF, la exclusión de niños con obesidad en la práctica de esta asignatura, el privilegio que da la docente a los estudiantes con menos dificultad en la actividad física y su desatención a los que requieren más apoyo, y cómo sus estudiantes modelan sus creencias.
La intervención pedagógica como un reto de la formación universitaria: Hacia una práctica profesional articulada
Authors: Quesada Vargas Erick José de Padua
Published: December 2019

Recibido 21 de marzo de 2013 •  Corregido 28 de abril de 2013 • Aceptado 29 de abril de 2013A continuación se aborda la importancia que tiene el proceso de intervención pedagógica que realizan los estudiantes y las estudiantes de la carrera de educación. Este proceso se puede considerar como médula espinal de la confrontación dialógica entre la teoría y la práctica. El principal objetivo es generar un análisis para reflexionar acerca de las verdaderas intencionalidades gestadas no solo desde cada curso universitario sino, además, valorar la creación de  una propuesta articulada que se vea enriquecida e interrelacionada desde cada nivel académico. La principal intencionalidad es enriquecer la formación universitaria partiendo del planteamiento de interrogantes que permitan valorar de qué manera se articula el proceso, no solo desde la coordinación entre los cursos de cada periodo, sino también en la relación que debe existir en la construcción de un mayor dominio conceptual, práctico y actitudinal que se vaya gestando de manera graduada y secuencial. Se busca construir una alternativa de desarrollo que parta de la coordinación estrechamente secuenciada y enlazada de los procesos formativos.
Educación superior en Costa Rica: ¿“Rankización” y descolonización?
Authors: D’ Antoni Maurizia
Published: December 2019

Recibido 09 de abril de 2013 • Corregido 07 de julio de 2013 • Aceptado 31 de julio de 2013En este ensayo me propongo oponer la propuesta descolonizadora del ser y del conocimiento con el imaginario en la universidad pública y en las “políticas de garantía de calidad”, sus propósitos y relación con el modo de producción. Planteo que desarrollar desconfianza hacia todas las modalidades colonizadoras en el conocimiento, por sí mismo “mejora la calidad” de la educación superior. Las principales conclusiones se refieren a la necesidad de discutir los riesgos de los procesos de “mejora” y de equiparación en la educación superior, indicando como relacionada y pertinente una tarea de desprendimiento epistemológico en clave descolonizadora de la universidad pública en Costa Rica.
La educación para una ciudadanía democrática en las instituciones educativas: Su abordaje sociopedagógico
Authors: Torres Bugdud Arturo , Álvarez Aguilar Nivia , Obando Rodríguez María Del Roble
Published: December 2019

Recibido 20 de mayo de 2012 • Corregido 17 de junio de 2013 • Aceptado 19 de junio de 2013La educación ciudadana es uno de los temas educativos de mayor actualidad, además de abordar aspectos esenciales de la dimensión personal y social del estudiante, posee puntos de contacto importantes con otras direcciones de la práctica educativa. En este artículo se enfatiza la democracia como cualidad importante de la educación ciudadana que requiere especial atención en su abordaje sociopedagógico. El tema de la educación ciudadana se afronta por diferentes disciplinas científicas, en este caso se acentúa el enfoque pedagógico desde una perspectiva social. El objetivo fundamental de este artículo de reflexión es argumentar los sustentos teóricos sobre esta temática, a través de estudios realizados en diferentes contextos desde el campo de las ciencias sociales, destacando la importancia que adquiere la educación ciudadana en la actualidad, independientemente del nivel educativo en el que se lleve a cabo. Para el cumplimiento del citado objetivo se usaron el método histórico-lógico y análisis-síntesis para valorar los antecedentes del tema abordado y de allí aportar elementos claves para su posible concreción en las instituciones educativas.
La persona: Núcleo vital del proceso de mediación pedagógica
Authors: Miranda Cervantes Giselle
Published: December 2019

Recibido 06 de octubre de 2013 • Corregido 29 de noviembre de 2013 • Aceptado 02 de diciembre de 2013El interés esencial de este artículo es develar a la persona como elemento fundamental del acto educativo y, particularmente, del proceso de mediación pedagógica. A partir de su propia experiencia personal y profesional, e inspirada en escritores como Gutiérrez, Krishnamurti, Maturana, Morin y Prieto, la autora asume los términos de estudiante-persona y docente-persona, como forma de re-descubrir y re-conocer legítimamente a ese elemento vital inmerso en un espacio relacional mágico, en el cual el fortalecimiento del ser humano como individualidad y como parte de la familia planetaria se enriquece; pero, sobre todo, le da la debida trascendencia al vínculo que se construye a partir de un legítimo fluir emocional que entrelaza. Se acompañan las reflexiones académicas con vivencias surgidas a partir del uso del texto paralelo como estrategia de mediación pedagógica, así como los sentires y emociones que acompañan el desarrollo de esta experiencia en el aula universitaria.
Lymphocytic Esophagitis Successfully Treated by Esophageal Balloon Dilation and Topical Budesonide
Authors: Becheanu Gabriel , Istratescu Doina , Preda Carmen Monica , Manuc Mircea , Diculescu Mircea Mihai , Gheorghe Cristian
Published: December 2019

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Interleukin 28 Polymorphisms and Hepatocellular Carcinoma Development after Direct Acting Antiviral Therapy for Chronic Hepatitis C
Authors: Simili Angelo , Mazzella Giuseppe , Ravaioli Federico , Festi Davide , Bacchi-Reggiani Maria Letizia , Porro Alberto , Bazzoli Franco , Azzaroli Francesco
Published: December 2019

Background and Aims: Cirrhotic patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection remain at risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) even after the sustained virologic response (SVR). We aimed to evaluate whether the IL28 (rs12979860) single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) may constitute a predisposing genetic factor and to identify the SVR patients at risk of HCC.

Methods: Two hundred patients undergoing DAAs treatment for chronic hepatitis C with advanced fibrosis (F3- F4) were consecutively enrolled. Besides normal routine laboratory testing for HCV, patients’ sera were evaluated also for retinol, retinol-binding protein 4 and the following SNPs: PNPLA3 (rs738409), TM6SF2 (rs58542926), MBOAT7 (rs641738), IL28B (rs12979860), TIMP-1 (rs4898), TIMP-2 (rs8179090), NF-kB promoter (rs28362491). Statistical analyses were conducted using Stata/SE 14.2 statistical software (Stata Corp, College Station, TX).

Results: Almost all patients (197/200) obtained SVR24. Seventeen patients had a previous history of treated HCC before DAAs. Six patients developed HCC recurrence and five patients developed de novo HCC after a mean period of 18 months since EOT. All these patients had SVR. A significant association between IL28B – TT genotype and HCC development after DAAs therapy was observed (OR 4.728, CI 95% 1.222 – 18.297, p=0.024).

Conclusion: IL28B rs12979860 polymorphism was significantly associated with HCC development after DAAs. Assessment of this SNP may better identify patients at risk of developing HCC after treatment. Further prospective studies are required to confirm these hypotheses.