bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Metainferential Paraconsistency
Authors: Da Ré Bruno , Rubin Mariela , Teijeiro Paula
Published: February 2022

In this article, our aim is to take a step towards a full understanding of the notion of paraconsistency in the context of metainferential logics. Following the work initiated by Barrio et al. [2018], we will consider a metainferential logic to be paraconsistent whenever the metainferential version of Explosion (or meta-Explosion) is invalid. However, our contribution consists in modifying the definition of meta-Explosion by extending the standard framework and introducing a negation for inferences and metainferences. From this new perspective, Tarskian paraconsistent logics such as LP will not turn out to be metainferentially paraconsistent, in contrast to, for instance, non-transitive logics like ST. Finally, we will end up by defining a logic which is metainferentially paraconsistent at every level, and discussing whether this logic is uniform through translations.
Gawęda o budzie jarmarcznej z fabrycznymi przyległościami w tle
Authors: Bednarczyk Anna
Published: February 2022

W artykule podjęto problematykę przekładu wierszowanego felietonu, który stanowi materiał ilustracyjny do innych badań naukowych. Ten cel, podobnie jak odległość temporalna między powstaniem oryginału a powstaniem przekładu, narzuca tłumaczowi pewne wybory. Dlatego też obok prezentacji praktycznych rozwiązań translatorskich w pracy odniesiono się do koncepcji wyboru odpowiedników spośród różnych możliwości i zaproponowano wykorzystanie teorii zbiorów rozmytych, która pozwala na nieostre określanie granic między swobodą twórczą tłumacza a koniecznością jej ograniczenia.

Słowa kluczowe: rajok, realia, ironia, potencjalność, zbiór rozmyty, cel przekładu

 

Keywords: rayok, reality, irony, potential possibilities, fuzzy set, translation
Przekład ody Felica Gawriiła Dierżawina na język polski – konteksty i komentarze
Authors: Chrząszcz Matylda
Published: February 2022

Artykuł jest komentarzem do nowego tłumaczenia ody Gawriiła Dierżawina Felica poświęconej Katarzynie II, dokonanego przez autorkę artykułu. Do tej pory oda tłumaczona była tylko raz, w wieku XIX przez Wincentego Kiszkę-Zgierskiego, jednak przekład ten nie funkcjonuje w polskiej tradycji poetyckiej. W pierwszej części artykułu przypomniano dzieje powstania i publikacji Felicy oraz niektóre aspekty dotychczasowych tłumaczeń poezji Dierżawina na język polski. W rozwinięciu przedstawiono największe wyzwania stojące przed autorką przekładu ody Dierżawina, czyli wybór formatu wiersza, dążenie do zachowania zróżnicowania stylistycznego oraz trudności związane z tłumaczeniem elementów kulturowych. Do artykułu dołączono tekst tłumaczenia ody Felica.
O klasyfikacji i tłumaczeniu wybranych polskich umów zobowiązaniowych na język niemiecki
Authors: Osiewicz-Maternowska Małgorzata
Published: February 2022

Celem niniejszego artykułu jest prezentacja pełnego zestawienia polskich umów z tytułu zobowiązań z ich niemieckimi odpowiednikami. Szczególną uwagę poświęcono tym umowom, które zostały uregulowane w systemie prawnym RFN pod inną nazwą albo w ramach innych gałęzi prawa niż ich polskie ekwiwalenty. Takie opracowanie stanowi pomoc i bazę danych przede wszystkim dla tych tłumaczy, którzy nie mając wiedzy prawniczej, starają się rzetelnie tłumaczyć specjalistyczne teksty z tego zakresu.
Wspieranie osób głuchoniewidomych w komunikowaniu się i przewodnictwie w świetle polskich rozwiązań prawnych i nowych propozycji
Authors: Wojda Piotr , Kozłowski Grzegorz
Published: February 2022

Rozważania są poświęcone mało znanej w Polsce problematyce odnoszącej się do wspierania w komunikowaniu się i przewodnictwie osób głuchoniewidomych doświadczających jednoczesnej dysfunkcji słuchu i wzroku. Autorzy opierają się głównie na analizie i interpretacji aktów prawnych, m.in. Ustawy o języku migowym i innych środkach porozumiewania się z 2011 roku. Celem artykułu jest dokonanie rewizji trzech centralnych pojęć zawartych w ustawie: osoba głuchoniewidoma, sposoby komunikowania się osób głuchoniewidomych (SKOGN), tłumacz-przewodnik. Właściwe rozumienie, względnie redefinicja i realne ich wprowadzenie do obiegu prawnego mogą istotnie wpłynąć na prawne i społeczne funkcjonowanie osób głuchoniewidomych.
Między normą (prawną) a racjonalnym działaniem. Wybrane dylematy pracy tłumacza przysięgłego na rzecz organów ścigania
Authors: Zieliński Lech
Published: February 2022

W artykule omówione zostały dylematy tłumacza przysięgłego związane z pracą na rzecz organów ścigania: dylemat akceptacji zlecenia wychodzącego poza zakres normatywnie określonych uprawnień tłumacza przysięgłego, dylemat formy wpisu do repertorium w przypadku tłumaczenia całych akt oraz dylemat granicy korekty błędów w tekście wyjściowym bez wzmianki o ich dokonaniu. We wstępie odniesiono się do pojęć normy prawnej i racjonalnego działania z perspektywy przyjętej na studiach prawniczych, by w dalszej części rozważań omówić pojęcie dylematu i możliwe sankcje oraz naruszenia normy prawnej przez tłumaczy przysięgłych. Konkludując, autor zaproponował kilka praktycznych rozwiązań umożliwiających skuteczne wykonanie zleceń przez tłumacza przysięgłego w przypadku zleceń, których zakres nie znajduje odzwierciedlenia w normach prawnych.
CAÇA E CONSERVAÇÃO NO PANTANAL BRASILEIRO: O CASO DA ONÇA-PINTADA.
Authors: Sussekind Felipe
Published: February 2022

O ponto de partida para este artigo é um breve relato de viagem ao Pantanal do Mato Grosso do Sul, no Brasil, a uma fazenda que abrigava um canil especializado na captura de onças-pintadas para estudos científicos. Um lugar onde a pecuária coexiste com o ecoturismo e com projetos de conservação da biodiversidade. O diálogo entre o material etnográfico que apresento e alguns registros e documentos disponíveis sobre a história da fazenda revela diferentes camadas das relações regionais com as onças, contrastando o animal considerado nocivo no passado com a espécie ameaçada que atualmente é foco do interesse conservacionista. O objetivo é refletir sobre contrastes e composições possíveis entre atividades ligadas à biologia da conservação e costumes ligados ao modo de vida pantaneiro, tendo como ponto de partida uso de cães farejadores para captura de animais em estudos científicos
Industria porcina china, sistema agroalimentario global y crisis ambiental. Reflexiones a partir del caso argentino
Authors: Mora Sol
Published: February 2022

El severo impacto ambiental de los actuales patrones de producción y consumo de alimentos y la pandemia de covid-19 otorgaron una inusitada relevancia a la trans­formación del sistema agroalimentario a nivel local y global. Este trabajo explora las implicancias de las acciones de China para la protección de su industria porcina tras la epidemia de peste porcina africana, en la trayectoria del sistema agroalimen­tario global. Para ello se estudió el proyecto de instalación de granjas porcinas en Argentina negociado en 2020. Mediante un diálogo del enfoque neogramsciano de la economía política internacional con los estudios agrarios críticos, se argumenta que esa iniciativa demuestra que, pese a los efectos ambientales y sanitarios, el interés de China no es transformar su modelo de producción porcina, sino trasladarlo hacia nuevos territorios. De ese modo, China reconstruye su liderazgo porcino y afirma su poder dentro del modelo agroalimentario hegemónico.
Food Delivery Service and Restaurant: Friend or Foe?
Authors: Chen Manlu , Hu Ming , Wang Jianfu
Published: February 2022

With food delivery services, customers can hire delivery workers to pick up food on their behalf. To investigate the long-term impact of food delivery services on the restaurant industry, we model a restaurant serving food to customers as a stylized single-server queue with two streams of customers. One stream consists of tech-savvy customers who have access to a food delivery service platform. The other stream consists of traditional customers who are not able to use a food delivery service and only walk in by themselves. We study a Stackelberg game, in which the restaurant first sets the food price; the food delivery platform then sets the delivery fee; and, last, rational customers decide whether to walk in, balk, or use a food delivery service if they have access to one. If the restaurant has a sufficiently large established base of traditional customers, we show that the food delivery platform does not necessarily increase demand but may just change the composition of customers, as the segment of tech-savvy customers grows. Hence, paying the platform for bringing in customers may hurt the restaurant’s profitability. We demonstrate that either a one-way revenue-sharing contract with a price ceiling or a two-way revenue-sharing contract can coordinate the system and create a win-win situation. Furthermore, under conditions of no coordination between the restaurant and the platform, we show, somewhat surprisingly, that more customers having access to a food delivery service may hurt the platform itself and the society, when the food delivery service is sufficiently convenient, and the delivery-worker pool is large enough. This is because the restaurant can become a delivery-only kitchen and raise its food price by focusing on food-delivery customers only, leaving little surplus for the platform. This implies that limiting the number of delivery workers can provide a simple yet effective means for the platform to improve its own profitability while benefiting social welfare.

This paper was accepted by Charles Corbett, operations management.
Local Search Quality: Comment on “Product Quality and Entering Through Tying: Experimental Evidence”
Authors: Millet Fabien Curto , Lewis Stephen , Stoddart Paul
Published: February 2022

Kim and Luca (2019) consider Google’s grouped results for local businesses (the “OneBox”). They contend that Google made a “strategic decision” to exclude reviews from other platforms (like Yelp) in these results and claim that this led to a quality degradation for search users, based on a randomized controlled trial (RCT) experiment. The purpose of this Comment is to clarify the robustness of Kim and Luca’s characterization of the situation and empirical findings, including in particular with respect to the noise and likely bias resulting from the control benchmark for the RCT experiment being based on a degraded version of Google’s OneBox, rather than the actual version.

This paper was accepted by Alfonso Gambardella, business strategy.
Intervention Study on Self-esteem Level of Primary School Students with Sand Play Therapy
Authors: Cui Meiyu , Jin Longnan , Jin Yuanrong
Published: February 2022

Self-esteem is the overall feeling of individual self ability and self-worth, which is one of the important contents of psychological research. Good self-esteem not only improves students' self-confidence and achievement behavior, but also improves students' learning ability and social ability, and promotes the development of students' physical and mental health.Primary school is an important period for the development of self-esteem level. In this study, four subjects were selected to conduct ten sand play therapy intervention based on the principle of voluntary behavior of primary school students and the test results of students' self-esteem level. The results showed that there were significant differences between the test results before and after the test.In order to verify the effectiveness of sand play therapy in the intervention of self-esteem level, four subjects were followed up after 3 months.The conclusion is that the sand play therapy has a good intervention effect on the self-esteem level of primary school students.
Safety culture, error reporting and medical innovation: comparing a survey taken during COVID-19 to the 2019 national staff survey
Authors: Sinnott Joseph
Published: February 2022

Background/Aims

Times of crisis can lead to great innovations. Since the outbreak of COVID-19, rapid changes have been made in the NHS, warranting safety evaluation. This study assessed changes in safety culture, professionalism and staff morale during COVID-19, compared to the year before the crisis.

Methods

A survey of 205 staff at an acute district general hospital was carried out during summer 2020. Questions were taken directly from the 2019 National Staff Survey, the results of which were used as a baseline. Novel questions were also added to the 2020 survey to explore staff morale, professionalism and innovation. Datix reports made from March-June 2020 were also compared to those made during the same period in 2019.

Results

Reporting of errors using traditional methods decreased following the outbreak of COVID-19, with the number of staff stating that they would report an error they witnessed decreasing from 95% before March 2020 to 87%. The number of Datix reports made decreased from 2805 before the crisis to 1798 during. However, 81% of staff reported greater psychological safety during the pandemic, compared to 69% in the 2019 survey. Respondents cited several facilitators of innovation, with desire to improve patient care scoring the highest.

Conclusions

The health service has the capacity for incredible innovation and agility with the correct mindset. Innovations need to be documented for organisational learning. Error reporting and learning systems that are appropriate for times of extreme pressure and crisis need to be developed.
The response of the scientific community to a global crisis: a systematic review of COVID-19 research in 2020
Authors: Srivastava Praveen Ranjan , Zhang Zuopeng Justin , Eachempati Prajwal , Trivedi Shrawan Kumar , Jasimuddin Sajjad M
Published: February 2022

This article provides a bibliometric analysis of the direction of research relating to COVID-19 during the first year after the virus was first identified as a potential threat to public health. The analysis explores the number and topics of studies performed, along with patterns related to authorship, organisations and countries of origin. A sample of 2531 articles identified from the Web of Science is the basis of the study. The publications were grouped into five clusters based on their main focus. The results provide an insight into the response of the scientific community during the first few months of the crisis.
Holistic stoma care in support of patients with pseudomyxoma peritonei
Authors: Swash Carole
Published: February 2022

Pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) is a rare but progressive condition that affects 1 in 1 million of the population. It is characterized by the excessive production of mucus within the abdominal and pelvic cavity, which left unchecked can have fatal consequences. Of those diagnosed with the condition a percentage will require a stoma. In this article, Carole Swash discusses how therapeutic support is achieved through holistic stoma care nursing during periods of active disease. In a case study, she explores the therapeutic role provided by the stoma care nurse (SCN) in dealing with the holistic needs of a patient with PMP.
Shingles in adults: what the practice nurse needs to know
Authors: Perry Margaret
Published: February 2022

Shingles is a relatively common condition, more frequently seen in older adults. Margaret Perry explains the presentation, treatment, complications and prevention of the condition

Shingles (herpes zoster) is an unpleasant condition which can affect any age, but increases in prevalence among older adults. Although usually self-limiting, and for many a mild disease, in some cases symptoms may be more severe, with a longer lasting illness and potentially affecting quality of life. Given its prevalence, it is very likely that nurses and non-medical prescribers will encounter patients seeking advice in managing their symptoms. This article, therefore, hopes to give them an insight into the disease, its presentation, treatment and complications, with the aim of helping them advise and offer guidance to anyone affected by this troublesome illness.
New NICE draft guidance encourages less use of SSRIs for mild to moderate depression
Authors: Palmer Sarah Jane
Published: February 2022

Sarah Jane Palmer uses her personal experience of mental health conditions to explore the new draft guidance on mild to moderate depression
Screening tool to improve patient referral to acute surgical care from accident and emergency
Authors: Razzaq H , Rao A , Sathananthan S , Majeed A , Dworkin M
Published: February 2022

Introduction

This study aimed, first, to audit the appropriateness of surgical referrals to an acute surgical unit for urgent assessment and, second, to devise a screening tool for use in the emergency department to categorise patients into those who need an urgent surgical review and those who can be seen in an ambulatory setting within the next few days.

Methods

The first phase of the study was an audit of surgical referrals between 1 and 18 February 2020 to check the appropriateness of the surgical referral. In the second phase, a tool was designed to screen patients who did not require urgent surgical review and could be seen in the ambulatory clinic. A prospective questionnaire study was conducted from 1 February to 24 March 2020 with patients who were admitted to an acute surgical ward. Based on responses to the screening tool, patients were given the outcome of whether they can be discharged and seen in an ambulatory clinic. The accuracy of the screening tool outcome was assessed and compared with actual patient discharge outcomes by the surgical team evaluating patients’ electronic medical records.

Results

In the first audit of referrals to the acute surgical ward, 206 patients were referred to the acute surgical unit and seen by the senior surgeon. Of these, 142 (68.9%) were discharged on the same day with or without follow-up in the ambulatory surgical clinic. In the prospective questionnaire phase of the study, 98 patients completed the questionnaire. The most common presentation was abdominal pain (n=60) followed by urological symptoms (n=11), symptoms of hernia complication (n=10), abscess (n=7), testicular pain (n=2) and trauma (n=2). Of the patients discharged on the same day, 50% were given ambulatory care appointments and 50% were discharged with no further follow-up. The sensitivity and specificity of the screening tool were 100% and 60.7%, respectively; the overall accuracy was 88.4%.

Conclusion

A large proportion of patients who are referred to the acute surgical unit can be deferred and seen in the ambulatory clinic. The screening tool used for acute surgical referral had reasonable sensitivity and high specificity to screen patients who can be seen in ambulatory clinics. At the same time, it identified patients who were unwell and required urgent surgical admission.
You smell different! Temperature interferes with intracolonial recognition in Odontomachus brunneus
Authors: Santos Junior Luiz Carlos , Michelutti Kamylla Balbuena , Bernardi Rafaella Caroline , Silva Emerson Pereira , Cardoso Claudia Andrea Lima , Antonialli - Junior William Fernando
Published: February 2022

Intracolonial recognition among social insects is performed mainly by means of cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs) that provide chemical communication, although their primary function is the avoidance of desiccation. Therefore, the ability to adjust to climatic variation may be related to the composition of CHCs. The hypothesis adopted in this work was that workers of the ant Odontomachus brunneus, when exposed to higher or lower average temperatures, change the CHCs composition, as a readjustment to the new conditions, and that this, in turn, leads to a change in intraspecific recognition capacity. To test this hypothesis, colonies of O. brunneus reared in the laboratory were subdivided into four groups. Two groups were kept at the same temperature, in order to assess the effect of isolation itself, while one group was kept at high temperature and another was kept at low temperature. Two groups were maintained at 25 °C, with no further conditions imposed. Subsequently, encounters were induced between individuals from these groups and from the high and low temperature groups, followed by the extraction of CHCs from each individual. The results indicated significant differences in recognition time and CHC composition between the high/low temperature groups and those kept at 25 °C. Antennation time during nestmate encounters was significantly longer for the groups submitted to temperature treatments (high and low), compared to those kept at 25 °C, suggesting recognition difficulty. In order to adjust to changing temperature conditions, O. brunneus undergoes changes in the composition of CHCs and in intraspecific recognition capacity.
Automated wide-field malaria parasite infection detection using Fourier ptychography on stain-free thin-smears
Authors: Akcakır Osman , Celebi Lutfi Kadir , Kamil Mohd , Aly Ahmed S. I.
Published: February 2022

Diagnosis of malaria in endemic areas is hampered by the lack of a rapid, stain-free and sensitive method to directly identify parasites in peripheral blood. Herein, we report the use of Fourier ptychography to generate wide-field high-resolution quantitative phase images of erythrocytes infected with malaria parasites, from a whole blood sample. We are able to image thousands of erythrocytes (red blood cells) in a single field of view and make a determination of infection status of the quantitative phase image of each segmented cell based on machine learning (random forest) and deep learning (VGG16) models. Our random forest model makes use of morphology and texture based features of the quantitative phase images. In order to label the quantitative images of the cells as either infected or uninfected before training the models, we make use of a Plasmodium berghei strain expressing GFP (green fluorescent protein) in all life cycle stages. By overlaying the fluorescence image with the quantitative phase image we could identify the infected subpopulation of erythrocytes for labelling purposes. Our machine learning model (random forest) achieved 91% specificity and 72% sensitivity while our deep learning model (VGG16) achieved 98% specificity and 57% sensitivity. These results highlight the potential for quantitative phase imaging coupled with artificial intelligence to develop an easy to use platform for the rapid and sensitive diagnosis of malaria.
Principal investigators over-optimistically forecast scientific and operational outcomes for clinical trials
Authors: Benjamin Daniel M. , Hey Spencer P. , MacPherson Amanda , Hachem Yasmina , Smith Kara S. , Zhang Sean X. , Wong Sandy , Dolter Samantha , Mandel David R. , Kimmelman Jonathan
Published: February 2022

Objective

To assess the accuracy of principal investigators’ (PIs) predictions about three events for their own clinical trials: positivity on trial primary outcomes, successful recruitment and timely trial completion.

Study design and setting

A short, electronic survey was used to elicit subjective probabilities within seven months of trial registration. When trial results became available, prediction skill was calculated using Brier scores (BS) and compared against uninformative prediction (i.e. predicting 50% all of the time).

Results

740 PIs returned surveys (16.7% response rate). Predictions on all three events tended to exceed observed event frequency. Averaged PI skill did not surpass uninformative predictions (e.g., BS = 0.25) for primary outcomes (BS = 0.25, 95% CI 0.20, 0.30) and were significantly worse for recruitment and timeline predictions (BS 0.38, 95% CI 0.33, 0.42; BS = 0.52, 95% CI 0.50, 0.55, respectively). PIs showed poor calibration for primary outcome, recruitment, and timelines (calibration index = 0.064, 0.150 and 0.406, respectively), modest discrimination in primary outcome predictions (AUC = 0.76, 95% CI 0.65, 0.85) but minimal discrimination in the other two outcomes (AUC = 0.64, 95% CI 0.57, 0.70; and 0.55, 95% CI 0.47, 0.62, respectively).

Conclusion

PIs showed overconfidence in favorable outcomes and exhibited limited skill in predicting scientific or operational outcomes for their own trials. They nevertheless showed modest ability to discriminate between positive and non-positive trial outcomes. Low survey response rates may limit generalizability.
The Approach of Data Mining
Authors: Hussain Altaf , Ullah Ijaz , Hussain Tariq
Published: February 2022

The concept of data mining is to classify and analyze the given data and to examine it clearly understandable and discoverable for the learners and researchers. The different types of classifiers are there exist to classify a data accordingly for the best and accurate results. Taking a primary data, and then classifying it into different portions of parts, then to analyze and remove any ambiguities from it and finally make it possible for understanding. With this process, that data will become secondary from primary and will called information. So, the classifiers are doing the same strategy for the solution and accuracy of the data. In this paper, different data mining approaches have been used by applying different classifiers on the taken data set. The data-set consists of 500 candidates’ segregated data for the analysis and evaluation to perfectly classify and to show the accurate results by using the proposed Algorithms. The data mining approaches have been used in which HUGO (Highly Undetectable steGO) Algorithm, Naïve Bayes Classification, k-nearest neighbors and Logistic Regression are used with the extension of the other classification methods that are Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) as classifiers. These classifiers are given names for further analysis that are Classifier-1 and Classifier-2 respectively. Along with these, a tool is used named WEKA (Waikato Environment for Knowledge Analysis) for the analysis of the classifier-1 and 2. For performance evaluation and analysis the parameters are used for best classification that which classifier has given best performance and why. These parameters are RRSE (Root Relative Square Error), RAE (Relative Absolute Error), MAE (Mean Absolute Error), and RMSE (Root Mean Square Error). For the best and outstanding accuracy of the proposed work, these parameters have been tested under the simulation environment along with the incorrect, correct classifying and the %age has been witnessed and calculated. From simulation results based on RRSE, RAE, MAE and RMSE, it has been shown that classifier-1 has given outstanding performance among the others and has been placed in highest priority.
Urdu News Clustering Using K-Mean Algorithm On The Basis Of Jaccard Coefficient And Dice Coefficient Similarity
Authors: Rahman Zahid , Hussain Altaf , Shah Hussain , Arshad Muhammad
Published: February 2022

Clustering is the unsupervised machine learning process that group data objects into clusters such that objects within the same cluster are highly similar to one another. Every day the quantity of Urdu text is increasing at a high speed on the internet. Grouping Urdu news manually is almost impossible, and there is an utmost need to device a mechanism which cluster Urdu news documents based on their similarity. Clustering Urdu news documents with accuracy is a research issue and it can be solved by using similarity techniques i.e., Jaccard and Dice coefficient, and clustering k-mean algorithm. In this research, the Jaccard and Dice coefficient has been used to find the similarity score of Urdu News documents in python programming language. For the purpose of clustering, the similarity results have been loaded to Waikato Environment for Knowledge Analysis (WEKA), by using k-mean algorithm the Urdu news documents have been clustered into five clusters. The obtained cluster’s results were evaluated in terms of Accuracy and Mean Square Error (MSE). The Accuracy and MSE of Jaccard was 85% and 44.4%, while the Accuracy and MSE of Dice coefficient was 87% and 35.76%. The experimental result shows that Dice coefficient is better as compared to Jaccard similarity on the basis of Accuracy and MSE.
Suarez precursor de Descartes? A doutrina suareziana sobre a causa final revista
Authors: Cezar Cesar Ribas
Published: February 2022

Suarez precursor de Descartes? A doutrina suazeriana sobre a causa final revista

Resumo: Stephan Schmid busca mostrar que Francisco Suárez é um precursor da crítica que Descartes fez à causalidade final na explicação da natureza. Suárez teria reduzido a noção de causa à causa eficiente, teria eliminado a presença da causa final nas ações dos agentes naturais, isto é, daqueles entes que não possuem intelecto, e teria eliminado a presença da causa final nas ações divinas. Deste modo, ele seria um precursor do pensamento mecanicista de Descartes e, sob certo aspecto, também de Espinosa. Contra esta interpretação, procuro mostrar que Suárez não reduz a noção de causa à causa eficiente, não elimina a presença da causa final nem nos agentes naturais, nem na ação divina e que, portanto, ele não pode ser considerado, neste assunto, um precursor de Descartes nem de Espinosa.

Palavras-Chave: Metafísica. Causa eficiente. Causa final. 

Abstract: Stephan Schmid try to show that Francisco Suárez is a forerunner of the criticism made by Descartes of end causes in the explanation of nature. The hypothesis is that Suárez had reduced the notion of cause to efficient cause, had eliminated the presence of end causes in the actions of the natural agents, i. e., of the beings that have not an intellect, and had eliminated the presence of end causes in the actions of God. In this way he would be a forerunner of the mechanistic thought of Descartes and, from a certain aspect, of Spinoza. Against this interpretation I try to show that Suárez do not reduce the notion of cause to efficient cause and that he eliminates the presence of end cause neither in the natural agents nor in the actions of God. Therefore, he should be considered in this issue a forerunner neither of Descartes nor of Spinoza.

Keywords: Metaphysics. Efficient cause. End cause.

Résumé: Stephan Schmid essaie de montrer que Francisco Suárez est um précurseur de la critique faite par Descartes à la cause finale dans l’explication de la nature. Suárez aurait réduit la notion de cause à la cause efficiente, elimine la présence de la cause finale dans les actions des agentes naturels, c'est-à-dire, de ceux qui ne possèdent pas d'intellect, et aurait elimine la présence de la cause finale dans les actions divines. Il serait ainsi um précurseur de la pensée mécaniste de Descartes et, dans une certaine mesure, de Spinoza. Contre cette interprétation, j'essaie de montrer que Suárez ne réduit pas la notion de cause à la cause efficiente, n'élimine pas la présence de la cause finale ni dans les agentes naturels ni dans l'action divine et qu'il ne peut donc être considéré comme um précurseur de Descartes ni d'Espinosa.

Mots clés: Metaphysique. Cause finale. Cause eficiente.

Data de registro: 13/05/2019

Data de aceite: /10/2019
Apresentação do Dossiê Governo das diferenças e as cartografias do ingovernável na educação:
Authors: Pagni Pedro Angelo , Silva Divino José da
Published: February 2022

1  Os artigos  reunidos  em torno deste título, retratam a segunda parte das discussões ocorridas  nas mesas redondas do VIII Simpósio Internacional em Educação e Filosofia, ocorrido de 27 a 29 de agosto de 2019, na UNESP, Campus de Marília/SP. Agradecemos a FAPESP (2019/07882-5), CAPES (PRINT-UNESP 88887.310516/2018-01; PAEP 88881.358867/2019-0) pelo apoio financeiro que nos possibilitou a apresentação dos resultados da proposta.

 

O presente Dossiê tem como tema o governo das diferenças empreendidos pelas políticas estatais no neoliberalismo, as quais têm repercussão na educação. As reflexões aqui desenvolvidas inserem-se, teoricamente, no debate filosófico contemporâneo da governamentalidade e da biopolítica. Particularmente, interessa debater em que medida os corpos ingovernáveis, denominados por vezes de desviantes ou anormais, estão compreendidos por essas formas de governo atuais ou lhes escapam, tanto singularmente quanto na qualidade de povo ou multidão, afrontando-as e agenciando modos outros de subjetivação, assim como potências da vida ou biopotências para tal. Para isso, esses artigos transitam entre a filosofia da diferença, a arte e a política, explicitando uma crítica contundente ao atual governo das diferenças e explorando cartografias do ingovernável na educação.

A partir das diferenças mapeadas nos corpos singularizado, tais como os corpos das pessoas transgêneras, das deficientes, dos grupos afrodescendentes, dos povos indígenas ou quilombolas, este dossiê busca debater o lugar que ocupam no atual governo das diferenças na biopolítica neoliberal. Entende-se que a violência ou a exceção cometidas contra eles na atual conjuntura, quer seja nos contextos escolares ou em outros espaços sociais, assim como o potencial de resistência que apresentam, ao relatarem situações de abuso e de bullying, compõe uma ampla frente de desafios a serem  problematizados pela filosofia da educação. É dessa expressividade e ethos que se ocuparão esses artigos, assim como a reflexão sobre e com eles, com vistas a dar visibilidade a esses modos de existência enquanto uma experiência singular e como um entretecido comum, associado às comunidades LGBTT+, afrodescendentes, deficientes, dentre outras, emergentes das suas lutas transversas em escolas e outras instituições.

Apoiados em referências como as de Michel Foucault, Giorgio Agamben, Hannah Arendt, Jean Luc Nancy, Gilles Deleuze e Félix Guattari, dentre outros, assim, os artigos visibilizam esses corpos ingovernáveis, situando-os no jogo de subjugação e crítica empreendida pelas atuais formas de governamentalidade biopolítica – particularmente, na educação escolar. Ao mesmo tempo, como apresentados abaixo, eles abordam as possibilidades de sua biopotência, de sua capacidade de agenciar eticamente novas formas de inclusão pautadas na criação de novos modos de viver juntos e de vida comum.

[...]
O estatuto da ideia de Filosofia Primeira na Fenomenologia de Husserl
Authors: Vieira Marcelo Rosa
Published: February 2022

O estatuto da ideia de Filosofia Primeira na Fenomenologia de Husserl
Resumo: O objetivo do artigo que se segue é se dedicar a uma leitura e interpretação dos textos de Edmund Husserl que fazem uso do conceito de “Filosofia Primeira” para se referir em geral à fenomenologia e propor a tese de que a ideia de “primeira” surge de início na obra husserliana como uma privilegiada chave de demarcação do projeto fenomenológico em relação à hierarquia das ciências, e que ele traduz no final, com a evolução e o alargamento dos horizontes abertos por esse projeto, o duplo sentido da fenomenologia como “ciência de rigor” e como “filosofia”, e o esforço de elevar a fenomenologia pura ao estatuto de uma filosofia fenomenológica.
Palavras-chave: Husserl; Filosofia Primeira; Fenomenologia pura; Filosofia Fenomenológica.
 
The status of the First Philosophy idea in Husserl’s Phenomenology
Abstract: The aim of the following paper is to read and to interpret Edmund Husserl's texts that make use of the concept of “First Philosophy” to refer in general to phenomenology and propose the thesis that the idea of “first” arises from the beginning in Husserlian work as a privileged key of demarcation of the phenomenological project in relation to the hierarchy of sciences, and that it finally translates, with the evolution and broadening of the horizons opened by this project, the double meaning of phenomenology as “rigorous science” and as “philosophy”, and the effort to rise pure phenomenology to the status of a phenomenological philosophy.
Keywords: First Philosophy; Pure Phenomenology; Phenomenological Philosophy.
 
Die Stellung der Idee von der Ersten Philosophie in Husserls Phänomenologie
Zusammenfassung: Der begreiffende Text handelt sich um die Vorstellung, deren Grund des folgenden Abschnitt darin besteht, die Texte von Edmund Husserl zu lesen und zu interpretieren. Dies verwenden den Begriff der „Ersten Philosophie“, um allgemein auf die Phänomenologie zu verweisen und die These aufzustellen, sodass die Idee von „Ersten“ von Anfang an in Husserlian Arbeit entsteht als privilegierter Abgrenzungsschlüssel des phänomenologischen Projekts in Bezug auf die Hierarchie der Wissenschaften. Laut Husserl wird die doppelte Bedeutung der Phänomenologie schließlich durch die Entwicklung und Erweiterung des vom Projekt verbreitenden Horizons verwirklicht. Er hält die als „strenge Wissenschaft“ und als „Philosophie“ und fasst den Entschluss, die reine Phänomenologie in der Stellung einer phänomenologischen Philosophie zu erheben.  
Stichworte: Husserl; Erste Philosophie; Reine Phänomenologie; Phänomenologische Philosophie.
 
Data de registro: 26/07/2021
Data de aceite: 01/12/2021
Attachment Theory and the Cry of Dereliction
Authors: Hill Preston , Sartor Dan
Published: February 2022

Recent discussions in analytic theology and philosophy have explored how traumatic events can interrupt a person’s experience of union with God. Sparked by Eleonore Stump’s book Atonement, this problem has been treated as a type of “stain on the soul” relating to morally lamentable leftovers in human psyches after horrendous sin has been committed. While Stump deploys a science-engaged model of atonement to address many kinds of stains on the soul, one kind remains unaccounted for, namely, stains on the soul caused by trauma in which the survivor is innocent of any moral wrongdoing. How might such “posttraumatic stains on the soul” (PTSS) be healed through atonement? In this paper we offer the beginnings of a science-engaged model of atonement to fill this recent lacuna. We zero in on one particular kind of PTSS, namely, the experience trauma survivors can have of blaming God for their suffering. Drawing insights in psychological science from attachment theory and interpersonal neurobiology on the role of empathy for human flourishing, we sketch a model of atonement to explain how it might be that God, without being morally culpable, nevertheless makes reparation for persons who feel angry at God and/or alienated from God as a result of suffering trauma.
Эрмитовы метрики с (анти)автодуальным тензором Римана
Authors: Кривоносов Леонид Николаевич , Krivonosov Leonid Nikolaevich , Лукьянов Вячеслав Анатольевич , Lukyanov Vyacheslav A
Published: February 2022

Составлены уравнения (анти)автодуальности для компонент связности Леви-Чивита (а не для тензора Римана) положительно определенной эрмитовой метрики. Этим известным приемом получается более простая система дифференциальных уравнений в частных производных, влекущая (анти)автодуальность тензора Римана.
Эта система 1-го порядка, тогда как уравнения (анти)автодуальности тензора Римана - 2-го порядка.
Однако этим способом можно получить лишь часть решений уравнений (анти)автодуальности тензора Римана.
Составленные уравнения оказались существенно разными в автодуальном и антиавтодуальном случаях.
В случае автодуальности уравнения разбиваются на три класса, для каждого из которых найдено общее решение.
В антиавтодуальном случае мы общего решения не нашли, но привели две серии частных решений.
Известно, что из (анти)автодуальности тензора Римана вытекает равенство нулю тензора Риччи.
Следовательно, найдены пять серий новых решений вакуумных уравнений тяготения Эйнштейна, причем все решения в квадратурах или в явном виде. Указана связь найденных решений с кэлеровыми метриками.
В случае (анти)автодуальности связности Леви-Чивита для эрмитовой метрики приведен общий вид параллельных почти комплексных структур, сохраняющих метрику. Они все без кручения. Для произвольной положительно определенной 4-метрики найден общий вид почти комплексных структур, сохраняющих эту метрику.
Accidental diagnosis of a giant malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor associated with neurofibromatosis type 1 in the back area: a case report
Authors: Shin Dong Seok , Choi Woo Young , Cheon Ji Seon , Choi Min Hyub
Published: February 2022

Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) are rare and aggressive soft tissue sarcomas of neural origin. Approximately 50% of MPNSTs are associated with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), a neurocutaneous condition characterized by skin discoloration. MPNSTs occur in approximately 4% of patients with NF1. Malignancy should be suspected when a large mass consistent with a neurofibroma is observed with heterogeneity on a radiologic examination. In our case, immunohistochemistry revealed the presence of antigens for both the tumor protein p53 and the proliferation marker Ki-67 (MKI67). In particular, MKI67 positivity helped to differentiate MPNST from neurofibroma. Complete surgical resection is the standard treatment. After surgery, radiation therapy is typically administered to the resection area to reduce the likelihood of recurrence. Following treatment, patients should undergo regular clinical follow-up using a combination of magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, and bone scanning for several years to monitor them for possible metastasis.
Reconstruction of a large nasal defect using a folded forehead flap: a case report
Authors: Jeong Minkyoung , Jun Dongkeun , Kim Jeenam , Choi Hyungon , Shin Donghyeok , Cho Jaehoon , Lim Youngchang , Lee Myungchul
Published: February 2022

Forehead flaps are widely used to reconstruct nasal defects. The authors report a case wherein a folded forehead flap was used to reconstruct a large nasal defect after wide excision of squamous cell carcinoma. A 65-year-old man was diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma by a punch biopsy conducted at the dermatology department, and the mass was located in the left nasal vestibule. A forehead flap was planned to cover the full-thickness defect that occurred after wide excision. A flap with an extended transverse skin paddle was designed; thereafter, the distant part of the flap was folded up to the nasal lining inside the nose. The interpolation flap was properly maintained for 3 weeks, and flap division was performed. The reconstructed nose exhibited symmetry during a 5-month observation period. A folded forehead flap is a surgical option when considerable nasal restoration, including soft tissue and the internal lining, is necessary.
Closed-form solutions and conserved quantities of a new integrable (2 + 1)-dimensional Boussinesq equation of nonlinear sciences
Authors: Adeyemo Oke Davies , Khalique Chaudry Masood
Published: February 2022

In this paper, we investigate a newly introduced integrable (2 + 1)-dimensional Boussinesq equation. Solutions of this equation are obtained by Lie symmetry reductions and direct integration. We achieve diverse solitary wave solutions of the equation among which are non-topological soliton as well as Jacobi elliptic function solutions. Moreover, we generate some closed-form solutions of the equation which are in the form of bright, singular and non-singular periodic solitons. Power series solution of the equation is also generated. In a bid to have a sound understanding of the physical phenomena of the underlying model, we exhibited graphically the motion of the secured results. Besides, we discuss the obtained results as well as their respective graphs. Conclusively, we construct conservation laws of the aforementioned equation by employing the general multiplier approach.
Effect of Cross-Sectional Geometry on Hydrothermal Behavior of Microchannel Heat Sink
Authors: Ahmad Faraz , Ahmed Fawad , Ali Husan , Rehman Zabdur , Suleman Muhammad , Raouf Izaz
Published: February 2022

The aim of this paper is to numerically analyze the hydrothermal behavior of different cross-sectional geometries of microchannel heat sinks (MCHSs) and conduct a comparative analysis of traditional and non-traditional designs using ANSYS Fluent. It is expected that the proposed design discussed in this paper will improve the performance of MCHSs by maximizing the cooling capability and minimizing the thermal resistance and entropy generation rate, thus leading to better energy efficiency. The channel designs include a rectangular microchannel (RMC), a circular microchannel (CMC), an elliptical microchannel (EMC), a trapezoidal microchannel (TMC), a hexagonal microchannel (HMC), and a new microchannel (NMC) which has a plus-like shape. The discussed geometry of the NMC is designed in such a way that it maximizes the cross-sectional area and the wetted perimeter of the channel, keeping the hydraulic diameter constant (

D

h

=
412

{D_{h}}=412

 µm). The performance of various channels is compared on the basis of pressure drop, wall temperature, thermal enhancement factor, thermal resistance, thermal transport efficiency, and entropy generation rates. It has been observed that the NMC is capable of cooling effectively and it can achieve a minimum wall temperature of 305 K, thus offering the lowest thermal resistance (

R

th

{R_{\mathrm{th}}}

), irreversible heat loss, and entropy generation rate. Moreover, the NMC has achieved the highest value of the thermal enhancement factor, i. e., 1.13, at

Re

=
1
,
000

\mathrm{Re}=1,000

. Similarly, it has the highest thermal transport efficiency of almost 97 % at

Re

=
1
,
000

\mathrm{Re}=1,000

, followed by the TMC and the RMC. Overall, the NMC has achieved the best performance in all aspects, followed by the RMC and TMC. The performance of the EMC, the CMC, and the HMC was found to be the worst in this study.
Optimizing the Piston Paths of Stirling Cycle Cryocoolers
Authors: Paul Raphael , Hoffmann Karl Heinz
Published: February 2022

The ideal Stirling cycle provides a clear control strategy for the piston paths of ideal representations of Stirling cycle machines. For non-equilibrium Stirling cycle machines however, piston paths aiming to emulate the ideal cycle’s four strokes will not necessarily yield best performance. In this contribution, we ask the question: What are the COP-optimal piston paths for specific non-equilibrium Stirling cryocoolers? To this end, we consider a low-effort Stirling cryocooler model that consists of a set of coupled ordinary differential equations and takes several loss phenomena into account. For this model and an exemplary parameter set, piston path optimizations are done with an indirect iterative gradient method based on optimal control theory. The optimizations are repeated for two different kinds of volume constraints for the working spaces: one representing an alpha-Stirling configuration, the other a beta-Stirling configuration. Compared to harmonic piston paths, the optimal piston paths lead to significant improvements in COP of ca. 88 % for the alpha-Stirling and ca. 117 % for the beta-Stirling at the maximum-COP operational frequency. Additionally—and even though the optimizations were performed for maximum COP—cooling power was increased with even lager ratios.
Random attractors for stochastic plate equations with memory in unbounded domains
Authors: Yao Xiao Bin
Published: February 2022

In this paper, we investigate the dynamics of stochastic plate equations with memory in unbounded domains. More specifically, we obtain the uniform time estimates for solutions of the problem. Based on the estimates above, we prove the existence and uniqueness of random attractors in unbounded domains.
On the modeling of a parametric cubic–quintic nonconservative Duffing oscillator via the modified homotopy perturbation method
Authors: El-Dib Yusry O. , Elgazery Nasser S. , Mady Amal A. , Alyousef Haifa A.
Published: February 2022

This paper is devoted to obtain an approximate solution to the damped quintic–cubic nonlinear Duffing–Mathieu equation via a modified homotopy perturbation method (HPM). The modification under consideration deals with the improvement of the HPM with the exponential decay parameter. This scheme allows us to get a solution to the damped nonlinear Duffing–Mathieu equation, which the classical HPM failed to obtain. It is found that the solutions and the characteristic curves are affected by the presence of the damping force. The frequency-amplitude characteristics of a symbiotic solution are confirmed as well as the stability condition is carried out in the (non)-resonance cases. All the calculations are done via Mathematica. The comparison between both of the numerical and analytical solutions showed a very good agreement. Illustrated graphs are plotted for a superior realization of periodic motions in the Duffing–Mathieu oscillator. Nonlinear behaviors of each oscillation motion have been characterized through frequency curves.