bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Circular economy und Nachhaltigkeitsinnovationen: Forschungsergebnisse mit der Praxis diskutieren
Authors: Hirschnitz-Garbers Martin , Sittel Henning , Wilhelm Ralph
Published: March 2020

Zirkuläre Prozesse konnten sich in Unternehmen noch nicht flächendeckend durchsetzen. Damit sie eine Chance haben, müssen sich Wissenschaft und Unternehmen besser vernetzen. Im Rahmen der Fördermaßnahme Nachhaltiges Wirtschaften konnten sich Akteure
bei Fachworkshops über Nachhaltigkeitsinnovationen austauschen, die die gesamte Wertschöpfungskette in den Blick nehmen.
Für Nachhaltigkeit bilden? Bildung für Nachhaltige Entwicklung für Hochschullehrende an Universitäten in Österreich
Authors: Hübner Renate , Weber Mirjam , Lindenthal Thomas , Rauch Franz
Published: March 2020

Um die Sustainable Development Goals umzusetzen, ist es erforderlich, Nachhaltigkeit in alle Bildungsebenen und -formen zu integrieren. Dies gilt nicht zuletzt für die Weiterbildung der Hochschullehrenden. Die Verfasstheit des Nachhaltigkeitskonzepts ‐ sein normativer
und transformatorischer Anspruch ohne die gesellschaftliche Entwicklung durch zu enge Vorgaben zu begrenzen ‐ stellt Bildungsprozesse vor besondere Herausforderungen, vor allem wenn man der Komplexität und Dynamik mittels inter- und transdisziplinärer Perspektiven gerecht
werden möchte. In einer nach wie vor disziplinär strukturierten Hochschullandschaft keine Kleinigkeit. In Österreich gibt es dafür einen vielfältig strukturierten inner- und interuniversitären Austausch.
Kompensation und Klimaneutralität ‐ Königsweg zum Klimaschutz?
Authors: Müller Edda
Published: March 2020

Klimaneutralität ist für Staaten, Verwaltungen und Unternehmen das Gebot der Stunde ‐ denn es ist verlockend, Treibhausgasemissionen zu kompensieren, ohne das eigene Wirtschaftsmodell aufgeben zu müssen. Kompensationsmaßnahmen, insbesondere für CO2
, dürfen aber die Akteure nicht dazu verleiten, sich von der Verpflichtung freizukaufen, den Ausstoß von Treibhausgasen zu reduzieren. Andernfalls können wir das Konzept der Klimaneutralität samt Kompensationsmaßnahmen in den Reigen der klimapolitischen Instrumente
einordnen, die überschwänglich gepriesen wurden, bevor sich zeigte, dass deren Erfolge nicht vom Himmel fallen.
Klimaneutralität versus Treibhausgasneutralität: Anforderungen an die Kooperation im Mehrebenensystem in Deutschland
Authors: Luhmann Hans-Jochen , Obergassel Wolfgang
Published: March 2020

Klimaneutralität wird im Zuge des Pariser Klimaabkommens zur politischen Zielgröße. Die Nationalstaaten, die das Abkommen unterzeichnet haben, müssen regeln, wie sie das Ziel erreichen möchten. Das deutsche Klimaschutzgesetz unterscheidet dabei zwischen ,,klimaneutral“
und ,,treibhausgasneutral“. Das kann zu Missverständnissen führen, kann aber auch sinnvoll sein.German and European policymakers are currently in the process of clarifying their long-term climate policy aim. While it has been decided at United Nations and European Union
level to use the terms “greenhouse gas neutrality” and “climate neutrality” largely synonymously, in Germany these two terms have very different meanings. In the German climate protection act (Bundes-Klimaschutzgesetz), “greenhouse gas neutrality”
is formulated as the political aim for Germany, while “climate neutrality” is formulated as an aim for the federal administration. The aim of this paper is to contribute towards a clarification of the terminology. To this end, the article first shows the decisions on terminology
taken at United Nations and European Union level. On the basis of this, the article discusses how the objective of enabling sub-national and non-state actors in Germany to positively contribute to the common aim “greenhouse gas neutrality” can be implemented. The voluntary efforts
of these actors should not merely substitute federal endeavors.
Our Second Son is Number One: Numbers in Recent Japanese Given Names
Authors: Barešová Barešová
Published: March 2020

Japanese given names reflect through their kanji selection particular perceived or anticipated aspects concerning their bearers, providing an insight into the changing values of Japanese society. In the past, numbers were used in names mainly to refer to the order of birth, the time of birth, or, in the case of large numbers, to express a wish for longevity. Within the larger historical context, this paper focuses on the use of kanji representing numbers in the names of children born in the last ten years (2008–2017), exploring the recent reasons for their choice and what values and priorities of recent Japanese parents they reflect.
Agriculture and Law in Japanese Society
Authors: Shimogaki Shinji
Published: March 2020

This study analyzes the changes in farmland system in Japan. The main policy of post-World War II Japan was regulation of the transfer lease or ownership of farmland, and the conversion of agricultural land into non-agricultural land considering the importance of farmlands. Paradoxically, this policy created some problems, such subdivision of farmland and ownerless lands. To address these problems, the Farmland Intermediary Management Institution was established in 2014 to accelerate farmland concentration and intensify the power of core farmers. In 2016, The Agricultural Land Act was reformed to make it easier for stock companies to own farmland. And, ICT has enabled us to visualize and verbalize tacit knowledge. This study explores the outcomes of these reforms and other unanswered issues.
Genes Encoding Recognition of theCladosporium fulvumEffector Protein Ecp5 Are Encoded at Several Loci in the Tomato Genome
Authors: Iakovidis Michail , Soumpourou Eleni , Anderson Elisabeth , Etherington Graham , Yourstone Scott , Thomas Colwyn
Published: March 2020

The molecular interactions between tomato and Cladosporium fulvum have been an important model for molecular plant pathology. Complex genetic loci on tomato chromosomes 1 and 6 harbor genes for resistance to Cladosporium fulvum, encoding receptor like-proteins that perceive distinct Cladosporium fulvum effectors and trigger plant defenses. Here, we report classical mapping strategies for loci in tomato accessions that respond to Cladosporium fulvum effector Ecp5, which is very sequence-monomorphic. We screened 139 wild tomato accessions for an Ecp5-induced hypersensitive response, and in five accessions, the Ecp5-induced hypersensitive response segregated as a monogenic trait, mapping to distinct loci in the tomato genome. We identified at least three loci on chromosomes 1, 7 and 12 that harbor distinct Cf-Ecp5 genes in four different accessions. Our mapping showed that the Cf-Ecp5 in Solanum pimpinellifolium G1.1161 is located at the Milky Way locus. The Cf-Ecp5 in Solanum pimpinellifolium LA0722 was mapped to the bottom arm of chromosome 7, while the Cf-Ecp5 genes in Solanum lycopersicum Ontario 7522 and Solanum pimpinellifolium LA2852 were mapped to the same locus on the top arm of chromosome 12. Bi-parental crosses between accessions carrying distinct Cf-Ecp5 genes revealed putative genetically unlinked suppressors of the Ecp5-induced hypersensitive response. Our mapping also showed that Cf-11 is located on chromosome 11, close to the Cf-3 locus. The Ecp5-induced hypersensitive response is widely distributed within tomato species and is variable in strength. This novel example of convergent evolution could be used for choosing different functional Cf-Ecp5 genes according to individual plant breeding needs.
Risk factors for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a case-control study in 5 to 12 years old children
Authors: Soheilipour Fahimeh , Shiri Sareh , Ahmadkhaniha Hamid Reza , Abdollahi Ebrahim , Hosseini-Baharanchi Fatemeh Sadat
Published: March 2020

Background and aims. Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder known by a pattern of diminished sustained attention and increased impulsivity or hyperactivity. This study aimed to evaluate the risk factors associated with ADHD.

Methods. This case-control study included 297 ADHD children aged 5-12 years admitted to Tehran Institute of Psychiatry, Iran (2012-2013). They were compared with 297 non-ADHD (as controls matched to cases 1:1) who were of the same age (±1 years) selected from outpatients in general pediatric medical centers in Tehran. ADHD Rating Scale IV (ADHD-RS-IV)-Home Version was used to confirm ADHD. Data were analyzed using conditional binary logistic regression.

Results. Mean±SD age were 8.18±3.11 and 8.11±2.9 years in the case and control groups, respectively (P=0.61). Mean±SD birth weight (BW) was higher in ADHD patients compared with the controls (3245.09±0.66 vs 3026.56±0.45 gr, P=0.045). The results showed that odds of ADHD in children with high BW (>3500g) was 3.36 (1.96-5.78) times the odds of ADHD in normal BW children (2500-3500g) controlling for other risk factors. ADHD risk in low BW children (<2500 g) was not statistically different compared with normal BW children [OR:1.74 (0.7-3.7)]. Experience of neonatal disease, fewer offspring, lower level of mothers’ education, and preterm delivery were also risk factors for higher odds of ADHD.

Conclusion. Based on our sample, preterm birth, neonatal disease, high BW, lower level of mother's education, and fewer offspring were ADHD risk factors.
Case report of abdominal left upper quadrant collection secondary to fish bone perforation
Authors: Gheorghiu Marcel Ioan , Bolliet Marion , David Patrice , Denis Bernard
Published: March 2020

We present an unusual case of an intra-abdominal collection which evidenced a rare etiology and raises diagnostic particularities.

Background. Fish bones ingestion is frequent, but seldom followed by complications. Those are often reported at specific sites.

Objectives. This case report emphasizes the unusual presentation and site localization of a colonic perforation by a small fish bone, in the context of limited radiological accuracy at the diagnostic phase.

Case presentation. A 37 year old male was admitted to the gastroenterology ward with upper and left sided abdominal pain associated with fever and marked fatigue. His medical history was marked by a sleeve gastrectomy in 2010 for obesity. Abdominal signs and elevated acute inflammatory syndrome on blood tests were followed by computer tomography which revealed a pericolic mass near the left splenic flexure. The pain and fever increased in intensity, so a laparotomy was proposed. Intraoperatively, a tumor-like lesion was found and a resection with oncologic limits was performed. Microscopic examination of the specimen revealed a fish bone, but only after  surgery did the patient confirm that he had eaten fish meal the week before. The post-operative period was uneventful.

Conclusion. Fish bones remain some of the most frequently ingested alimentary foreign bodies; they may cause atypical clinical presentations, frequently omitted by the patients themselves if symptoms appear delayed. They could also lead to possible high-risk complications which need to be addressed by surgeons.
Rare causes of emesis
Authors: Popa Stefan L. , Chiarioni Giuseppe , David Liliana , Golea George I. , Dumitrascu Dan L.
Published: March 2020

Prompt diagnosis in the emergency department in the case of a patient with emesis may be difficult due to the increasing prevalence of diseases which manifest with emesis. Furthermore, in the case of chronic symptomatology, management and therapy are even more complicated. One episode of emesis rarely causes complications, but severe or repetitive episodes of emesis can cause life-threatening complications. For this reason, the diagnosis of the underlying disease which manifests with emesis is mandatory to be established in a short time in order to choose the correct therapeutic option. In order to systemize the process of diagnosis, this clinical narrative review will discuss only rare causes of emesis.
Kebijakan Nabi Muhammad Saw Menangani Wabah Penyakit Menular dan Implementasinya dalam Konteks Penanggulangan Coronavirus Covid-19
Authors: Mukharom Mukharom , Aravik Havis
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis study discusses the corona virus that occurred in parts of the world, including Indonesia to find solutions in the form of policies issued by the government, with reference to events in the time of the Prophet Muhammad, including his policy in dealing with outbreaks in the masses, this research is descriptive qualitative using primary and secondary data related to the history of the Prophet Muhammad in solving infectious disease cases. The results of this study indicate that the corona virus outbreak was not much different from the conditions in the mass of the Prophet Muhammad, by the presence of the bubonic plague and leprosy at that time. The policy is to quarantine the area both inside and outside the area, so it does not spread. In the current context, related to Covid 19 cases, lockdown or social distance solutions, including finding the anti-virus immediately, so that it can treat and stop its spread. Keywords: Policy, Viruses, Corona, Lockdown. Social distance. Abstrak Penelitian ini membahas tentang Virus corona yang terjadi di belahan dunia, termasuk Indonesia untuk menemukan solusi dalam bentuk kebijakan yang dikeluarkan oleh pemerintah, dengan merujuk pada kejadian di masa Rasulullah Muhammad, termasuk kebijakannya dalam mengatasi wabah pada massa itu, penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif kualitatif dengan menggunakan data primer dan sekunder yang berhubungan dengan sejarah Nabi Muhammad dalam menyelesaikan kasus penyakit menular. Hasil penelitian ini memperlihatkan bahwa wabah virus corona tidak jauh beda dengan kondisi di massa Rasulullah Muhammad Saw, dengan adanya wabah pes dan lepra pada saat itu. Kebijakannya adalah melakukan karantina wilayah baik ke dalam maupun keluar wilayah, sehingga tidak menyebar. Dalam konteks saat ini, terkait kasus covid 19, lokckdown atau social distance solusinya, termasuk segera menemukan anti virusnya, sehingga dapat mengobati dan menghentikan penyebarannya.Kata Kunci: Kebijakan, Virus, Corona, Lockdown. Social distance.
No-Prep Semidirect Composite Resin Veneer. A Step-by-Step Case Report in a Deciduous Canine with a One-Year Follow-Up
Authors: Durán O. Gerardo , Zamora Katherine
Published: March 2020

The presence of deciduous canines in adulthood may be of aesthetic concern for patients. Many clinical alternatives include surgical and orthodontic treatment. Since patients search for highly esthetic results and more conservative alternatives, the present clinical report describes a treatment for deciduous canine through an indirect composite resin veneer and an indirect composite resin fragment restoration in a premolar to improve esthetic outcomes with a one-year follow up.
Ceftazidime–avibactam and ceftolozane–tazobactam susceptibility of multidrug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains in Hungary
Authors: O'Neall Dustin , Juhász Emese , Tóth Ákos , Urbán Edit , Szabó Judit , Melegh Szilvia , Katona Katalin , Kristóf Katalin
Published: March 2020

Our objective was to compare the activity ceftazidime-avibactam (C/A) and ceftolozane–tazobactam (C/T) against multidrug (including carbapenem) resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates collected from six diagnostic centers in Hungary and to reveal the genetic background of their carbapenem resistance.

Two hundred and fifty consecutive, non-duplicate, carbapenem-resistant multidrug resistant (MDR) P. aeruginosa isolates were collected in 2017. Minimal inhibitory concentration values of ceftazidime, cefepime, piperacillin/tazobactam, C/A and C/T were determined by broth microdilution method and gradient diffusion test. Carbapenem inactivation method (CIM) test was performed on all isolates. Carbapenemase-encoding blaVIM, blaIMP, blaKPC, blaOXA-48-like and blaNDM genes were identified by multiplex PCR.

Of the isolates tested, 33.6% and 32.4% showed resistance to C/A and C/T, respectively. According to the CIM test results, 26% of the isolates were classified as carbapenemase producers. The susceptibility of P. aeruginosa isolates to C/A and C/T without carbapenemase production was 89% and 91%, respectively. Of the CIM-positive isolates, 80% were positive for blaVIM and 11% for blaNDM. The prevalence of Verona integron-encoded metallo-beta-lactamase (VIM)-type carbapenemase was 20.8%. NDM was present in 2.8% of the isolates.

Although the rate of carbapenemase-producing P. aeruginosa strains is high, a negative CIM result indicates that either C/A or C/T could be effective even if carbapenem resistance has been observed.
First record of Coyote, Canis latrans (Carnivora, Canidae), in the Mayan Mountain region of Belize
Authors: Jones Dillon , Charette Mathieu R. , Kilburn Vanessa
Published: March 2020

Based on the most recent models, Coyotes (Canis latrans) are believed to reside throughout North and Central America in many regions marked by human disturbances. Although some field guides list C. latrans as residing in Belize, the IUCN and the most current models do not. Herein we provide the second published sighting of a C. latrans from camera traps in Belize, and the first from the Mayan Mountain Region of the country.
Morfologija vimena, proizvodnja mlijeka i zdravlje mliječne žlijezde malih preživača
Authors: Vrdoljak Josip , Prpić Zvonimir , Samaržija Dubravka , Vnučec Ivan , Konjačić Miljenko , Kelava Ugarković Nikolina
Published: March 2020

In recent years there has been an increasing trend in research of sheep and goat udder morphology, not only from the view of its suitability for machine milking, but also in terms of milk yield and mammary gland health. More precisely, herds consisting of high-yielding sheep and goats as a result of long-term and one-sided selection to increase milk yield, have been characterised by distortion of the udder morphology caused by increasing the pressure of udder weight on its suspensory system. Along with the deteriorated milking traits, which is negatively reflected on the udder health, some udder morphology traits are often emphasized as factor of production longevity of dairy sheep and goats. Since the intention of farmers and breeders nowadays is to increase the milk yield of sheep and goats while maintaining desirable udder morphology and udder health, the aim of this paper is to give a detailed overview of the current knowledge about the relationship of morphological udder traits with milk yield, and the health of the mammary gland of sheep and goats. External measures of udder size (circumference, width and depth of the udder) are strongly correlated with milk production in sheep and goats. The morphological udder traits determining its suitability for machine milking (such as teat position and teat angle, udder depth, teat size, cistern height) are related to the mammary gland health in sheep and goats. Thus, the incidence of mastitis is noticeably higher in the udders of unsuitable shape for machine milking (deep and hung udders, unfavourable position of teats, etc.). Consequently, the morphological udder traits that affect the milkability of sheep and goats are indirectly related to milk yield.
Associations between milking technology, herd size and milk production parameters on commercial dairy cattle farms
Authors: Ivanyos Dorottya , Monostori Attila , Németh Csaba , Fodor István , Ózsvári László
Published: March 2020

The aim of the study was to survey the milking technology and to analyse the associations between milking parlour type, herd size, and milk production parameters on dairy cattle farms. The milking technology was surveyed by using a questionnaire in 417 Hungarian dairy herds with 177,514 cows in 2017, and it was compared with their official farm milk production data. The surveyed farms were categorized according to their size (1-50, 51-300, 301-600, and >600 cows) and to their milking parlour types (herringbone, parallel, carousel, and others). The relationships were analysed by multivariate linear models, one-way ANOVA, and Fisher’s exact test. Pairwise comparisons were performed by Tukey’s post hoc tests. The prevailing type of milking parlour was herringbone (71.0 %), but on larger farms the occurrence of parallel and carousel parlours increased (p<0.001). The number of milking stalls per farm increased with herd size (p<0.001). Farms with herringbone parlour had significantly smaller number of milking stalls than that of parallel (p=0.022) and carousel (p<0.001) parlours, and the cows were mostly milked two times, while in carousel milking parlours mostly three times a day. As the herd size increased, so did daily milk yield (p<0.001) and daily milk production per cow (p<0.001). Herd size was associated with somatic cell count (p<0.001). The type of milking parlour showed significant association with daily milk yield (p=0.039) and dairy units with herringbone milking system had the lowest milk quality. Our findings show that herd size has greater impact on milk production parameters than milking technologies.
LARGE DEFLECTION OF CANTILEVER FUNCTIONALLY GRADED SANDWICH BEAM UNDER END FORCES BASED ON A TOTAL LAGRANGE FORMULATION
Authors: Bui Thi Thu Hoai
Published: March 2020

A two-node beam element for large deflection analysis of cantilever functionally graded sandwich (FGSW) beams subjected to end forces is formulated in the context of total Lagrange formulation. The beams consist of three layers, a homogeneous core and two functionally graded layers with material properties varying in the thickness direction by a power gradation law. Linear functions are adopted to interpolate the displacement field and reduced integral technique is applied to evaluate the element formulation. Newton-Raphson based iterative algorithm is employed in combination with arc-length control method to compute equilibrium paths of the beams. Numerical investigations are given for the beam under a transverse point load and a moment to show the accuracy of the element and to illustrate the effects of material inhomogeneity and the layer thickness ratio on the large deflection behavior of the FGSW beams.
OPTIMIZATION OF LONG-RANGE TRAJECTORY FOR AN UNPOWERED FLIGHT VEHICLE
Authors: Pham Tuan Hung , Nguyen Duc Cuong , Nguyen Duc Thanh
Published: March 2020

This report presents problems of optimization of long-range trajectory for an unpowered flight vehicle at subsonic and transonic speed. The results may be recommended to have a new long range trajectory. The optimization problem is solved by numerical experiments while  the normal load factor (normal acceleration) is used as optimization variables with compliance to flight constraints. The focus problem of this study is the investigation of the possibility of trajectory expansion according to the criteria of the maximum range in the first stage of the trajectory.
VIBRATION OF FGSW BEAMS UNDER NONUNIFORM MOTION OF MOVING LOAD USING AN EFFICIENT THIRD-ORDER SHEAR DEFORMATION FINITE ELEMENT FORMULATION
Authors: Le Anh Thi Ngoc , Nguyen Kien Dinh
Published: March 2020

Vibration of functionally graded sandwich (FGSW) beams under nonuniform motion of a moving load is studied using a third-order shear deformation finite element formulation. The beams consists three layers, a homogeneous ceramic core and two functionally graded faces. Instead of the rotation, the finite element formulation is derived by using the transverse shear rotation as a unknown. Newmark method is used to compute the dynamic response of the beams. Numerical result reveals that the derived formulation is efficient, and it is capable to give accurate vibration characteristics by a small number of the elements. A parametric study is carried out to illustrate the effects of the material distribution, layer thickness ratio and moving load speed on the dynamic behavior of the beams. The influence of acceleration and deceleration of the moving load on the vibration of the beams is also examined and discussed.
Improving internal erosion resistance of silty sand using additives
Authors: Zomorodian Seyed Mohammad Ali , Moghispoor Shabnam , O'Kelly Brendan C. , Babaei Shaghayegh Sadat
Published: March 2020

Seepage-induced erosion, leading to piping, is one of the most common causes of failure for earth dykes, levees and dams. Various soil improvement (mixing) technologies can be employed to improve the internal erosion resistance of more troublesome soils. This paper describes the first steps in demonstrating nanoclay (montmorillonite) additive as a sustainable alternative to traditional soil additives for erosion-control applications. In this regard, the erodibility characteristics of standard Proctor (SP) compacted, very silty sand amended with 0·5–6% dry weight montmorillonite K10 (MK10) material was investigated at bench scale using the hole-erosion test (HET) apparatus. Parallel testing was performed on the same soil amended with 0·25–3% cement for comparison. Substantial erosion resistance improvements were achieved for as little as 0·5–1% MK10 content, comparable to cement addition, with the HET classification increasing from HET groups 1–2 for the highly erodible, compacted, very silty sand investigated to HET group 4 (moderately slow erosion) for the 1% MK10–soil mixture. Further investigations indicated the erosion resistance classification of the improved soil was not altered for under-compaction that achieved only 80% SP maximum dry density or for compaction at ± 2 percentage points from the identified SP optimum water content.
Advances in ground improvement using waste materials for transportation infrastructure
Authors: Indraratna Buddhima , Qi Yujie , Tawk Miriam , Heitor Ana , Rujikiatkamjorn Cholachat , Navaratnarajah Sinniah K.
Published: March 2020

Recycling waste materials for transport infrastructure such as coal wash (CW), steel furnace slag (SFS), fly ash (FA) and recycled tyre products is an efficient way of minimising the stockpiles of waste materials while offering significant economic and environmental benefits, as well as improving the stability and longevity of infrastructure foundations. This paper presents some of the most recent state-of-the-art studies undertaken at the University of Wollongong, Australia on the use of waste materials such as (a) CW-based granular mixtures (i.e. SFS + CW, CW + FA) for port reclamation and road base/subbase and (b) using recycled tyre products (i.e. rubber crumbs, tyre cell, under-sleeper pads and under-ballast mats) to increase track stability and reduce ballast degradation. Typical methods of applying these waste materials for different infrastructure conditions are described and the results of comprehensive laboratory and field tests are presented and discussed.
INTERSECTIONS OF SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND POETRY IN THE WORKS OF PETER PAYACK, ANDREW JORON, AND GENE WOLFE
Authors: DÜZGÜN Şebnem
Published: March 2020

Science fiction poetry is a relatively new genre having emerged with the scientific and technological developments brought about by the Industrial Revolution. It is distinguished basically from the traditional poetry in that it alters traditional poetic forms and has a speculative content enriched by scientific and technological terms. Peter Payack’s “The Migration of Darkness,” Andrew Joron’s “The Sonic Flowerfall of Primes,” and Gene Wolfe’s “The Computer Iterates the Greater Trumps” are the examples of science fiction poetry that combine the elements of science fiction and traditional poetry. While Payack’s and Joron’s poems are discerned with their proselike lines having a science fictional content, Wolfe’s poem resembles more a scientific paper having numbers and formulas. Since the poems discuss mainly the relationship between science, human beings and machines, they are dominated by a speculative tone, scientific notions and images. Hence, they deviate from the norms of conventional poems that deal with the thoughts, emotions and experiences of individuals in a lyrical way. Nonetheless, the poems have an interaction with the traditional poetry as they use the conventional verse form and treat usual human emotions in a quasi-lyrical way. The aim of the present study is to show that the mentioned poems experiment with classical poetic and narrative forms and imageries to debate over the impacts of scientific and technological developments on human life.
NORTH-SOUTH INEQUALITY AND SEEKING SOLUTION TO GLOBALIZING POVERTY VIA MEANS OF MASS COMMUNICATION: GLOBAL GOVERNANCE MODEL
Authors: KÜÇÜKYILMAZ Muhammet Mücahit
Published: March 2020

This article, titled North-South Inequality and Seeking Solution to Globalizing Poverty via Means of Mass Communication: Global Governance Model, discusses the concept of poverty, which is thought to have first socialized during the modern era, and then have begun to become a macro problem as a result of globalization and communication technologies. Afterwards, the article evaluates the proposal of “global governance”, which can be interpreted as a third way between pro-globalization and anti-globalization, which spread as a reaction against the tangible inequality between northern and southern hemispheres, although it, in its essence, is close to pro-globalization. The article points out that the fact that the means of mass communication and social media, associated with modernization and technological development, have contributed to both spreading poverty and strengthening the solution proposals for it is a paradoxical situation which also offers opportunities. In the conclusion part, the article explores whether the “global governance” model can provide a solution in combatting poverty and certain approaches regarding the positive and negative effects of means of communication in this regard.
Минерагеническое районирование керамических глин Воронежской антеклизы
Authors: Крайнов Алексей Владимирович , Мануковский Сергей Викторович
Published: March 2020

Введение: На территории Центрально-Черноземного района керамические глины являются ценным и одновременно дефицитным сырьем. Они приурочены к отложениям мамонской толщи верхнего девона, аптского яруса нижнего мела, свитам: киевской эоцена, берекской олигоцена, шапкинской миоцена и усманской плиоцена. Глины разновозрастных месторождений отличаются по условиям образования, вещественному составу и качеству. Поэтому вопрос о минерагеническом районировании керамических глин является актуальным. Методика: Решение задач по минерагеническому районированию определило использование комплекса методик. Были проведены полевые исследования, камеральные построения фациальных карт и разрезов, лабораторные и технологические испытания. На основании комплексного анализа полученных данных выделены таксоны для регионального минерагенического районирования в рангах: минерагенические (рудные) зоны, районы и узлы. В процессе проведения работ задокументирован и опробован керн более 50 скважин, описаны и опробованы породы свыше 90 точек наблюдений (обнажения и карьеры) в пределах Воронежской, Курской, Липецкой, Орловской областей. Подготовлены пробы, с помощью прецизионных методов (дифрактометрический и электронно-микроскопический) изучен минеральный и химический составы глин около 200 образцов. Результаты и обсуждение: Керамические глины мамонской толщи формировались в пролювиально-делювиальных и озерно-болотных фациях. Для них выделена Мамонская минерагеническая зона, которая включает в себя Павловск-Калачский район, а в нем перспективная Воробьевская площадь. Керамические глины апта приурочены к озерно-болотным и лагунно-морским обстановкам. Ценные огнеупорные разности образовались на суше в результате «проточного» диагенеза, тугоплавкие – при осадконакоплении. Различия в условиях формирования повлекли за собой отличия в вещественном составе и качестве глинистого сырья. Это позволило выделить Воронежский и Курско-Елецкий минерагенические районы. Они входят в состав Малоархангельск-Воронежской минерагенической зоны. Воронежский минерагенический район соответствует распространению континентальных фаций, Курско-Елецкий – лагунно-морских. Для керамических глин кайнозоя минерагеническое районирование не проводилось, т.к. это сырье невысокого качества, месторождения рассредоточены по территории и площади развития фаций незначительны. Выводы: впервые методом близкой аналогии выделены минерагенические таксоны для разновозрастных керамических глин, подсчитаны прогнозные ресурсы. Суммарно по категории Р3 они составили 51,1 млн т
Long Mate Pair Library Construction Protocol v1
Authors: J Etherington Graham , Heavens Darren , Baker David , Lister Ashleigh , McNelly Rose , Garcia Gonzalo , Clavijo Bernardo , Macaulay Iain , Haerty Wilfried , Di Palma Federica
Published: March 2020

Long Mate Pair Library Construction Protocol
10x Genomics Library Construction v1
Authors: J Etherington Graham , Heavens Darren , Baker David , Lister Ashleigh , McNelly Rose , Garcia Gonzalo , Clavijo Bernardo , Macaulay Iain , Haerty Wilfried , Di Palma Federica
Published: March 2020

10x Genomics Library Construction
Brain-wide delivery of Janelia Fluor HaloTag ligand dyes for tracking protein turnover in mice v1
Authors: Mohar Boaz , Svoboda Karel
Published: March 2020

These protocols are part of a yet unpublised paper by the same title.
nCoV-2019 sequencing protocol v1
Authors: Smith Eric , Quick Josh
Published: March 2020

ARTIC amplicon sequencing protocol for MinION for nCoV-2019
Preparation of chemically competent E. coli cells v1
Authors: Pawlowski Alice
Published: March 2020

Standard protocol to prepare cells for highly efficient DNA uptake using CaCl2 (Sambrook and Russell, Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual, 2001).
Hybridization and detection of small RNA samples with DIG-labeled probes v1
Authors: Pawlowski Alice
Published: March 2020

This protocol can be used to hybridize small RNAs (50 - 200 nt) - either from total RNA isolates or from in vitro transcripts - with digoxigenein-labeled probes, followed by detection with chemiluminescence using CDP-star. The protocol follows mainly the instructions given in the DIG Northern Starter Kit, Version 8.0 (Roche). It is adjusted to Northern Blots with membrane size of around 9 x 10 cm2 .
Split Households, Family Migration and Urban Settlement: Findings from China’s 2015 National Floating Population Survey
Authors: Fan C. Cindy , Li Tianjiao
Published: March 2020

For decades, China’s rural migrants have split their households between their rural origins and urban work locations. While the hukou system continues to be a barrier to urban settlement, research has also underscored split households as a migrant strategy that spans the rural and urban boundary, questioning if sustained migration will eventually result in permanent urban settlement. Common split-household arrangements include sole migration, where the spouse and children are left behind, and couple migration, where both spouses are migrants, leaving behind their children. More recently, nuclear family migration involving both the spouse and children has been on the rise. Based on a 2015 nationally representative “floating population” survey, this article compares sole migrants, couple migrants, and family migrants in order to examine which migrants choose which household arrangements, including whether specific household arrangements are more associated with settlement intention than others. Our analysis also reveals differences between work-related migrants and family-related migrants. The findings highlight demographic, gender, economic, employment, and destination differences among the different types of migrant household arrangements, pointing to family migration as a likely indicator of permanent settlement. The increase of family migration over time signals to urban governments an increased urgency to address their needs as not only temporary dwellers but more permanent residents.
A survey on sphingidae (lepidoptera) species of south eastern Turkey with new distributional records
Authors: SEVEN Erdem
Published: March 2020

This paper provides comments on the Sphingidae species of south eastern Turkey by the field surveys are conducted between in 2015-2017. A total of 15 species are determined as a result of the investigations from Batman, Diyarbakır and Mardin provinces. With this study, the number of sphinx moths increased to 13 in Batman, 14 in Diyarbakır and 8 in Mardin. Among them, 7 species for Batman, 4 species for Diyarbakır and 1 species for Mardin are new record. For each species, original reference, type locality, material examined, distribution in the world and in Turkey, and larval hostplants are given. Adults figures of Smerinthus kindermanni Lederer, 1852; Marumba quercus ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775); Rethera komarovi (Christoph, 1885); Macroglossum stellatarum (Linnaeus, 1758); Hyles euphorbiae (Linnaeus, 1758) and H. livornica (Esper, [1780]) are illustrated.
Pre-Sinkhole Seismicity at the Napoleonville Salt Dome: Implications for Local Seismic Monitoring of Underground Caverns
Authors: Ford Sean R. , Dreger Douglas S.
Published: March 2020

The formation of a sinkhole at the Napoleonville salt dome located near Bayou Corne in Assumption Parish, Louisiana, was preceded by an increase in seismicity, as observed 10 km away by a continuously recording broadband seismic sensor. The seismicity rate in the days prior to the sinkhole formation contained hundreds of long-period events, some of which could be detected using a power detector (short-term to long-term energy ratio) tuned to the duration and frequency content of the seismicity. A characteristic of some of these events is a resonance near 0.4 Hz, which could be due to either an acoustic resonance within the brine-filled cavity or possibly due to unsteady fluid flow through a crack. A more exhaustive catalog was obtained using some of the events detected by the power detector as templates in a correlation detector. The full pre-sinkhole sequence of detections could offer lessons in remote monitoring of underground caverns.
Динамика трансформации гражданской идентичности в современной Армении: факторы и субъекты
Authors: Саркисян Оганес , Дунамалян Норайр
Published: March 2020

Статья посвящена проблеме развития гражданской идентичности в Армении на фоне протестных движений последних лет, кульминацией которых стала “бархатная революция” 2018 г. Анализируя большой фактический материал, авторы ставят задачу выявить факторы, влияющие на трансформацию гражданского сознания армянского общества. Авторы считают необходимым учитывать специфику исторического развития армянского народа, не исключая использования имеющихся общих методологических концепций. В вопросе развития гражданской идентичности армянского общества значительное место уделяется изучению советского периода, который при всех положительных и отрицательных сторонах способствовал формированию ряда исходных элементов гражданского сознания, что в определенной степени стало основой для будущего движения независимости. “Карабах”, “армянская армия”, “государство”, “историческое прошлое”, “традиция”, “христианство” – все эти понятия включены в символический портрет современной армянской гражданственности, хотя и с большими оговорками. Эти оговорки связаны со спецификой формирования армянского национального сознания из различных элементов, возникающих в ходе конфликта культурно-конфессиональной и гражданской моделей идентичности. В постсоветский период общественный дискурс в Армении строился вокруг противопоставления “этнонационального” и “государствоцентричного” подходов. Создание гражданской идентичности напрямую зависит от развития общества, так как уровень “персонализации” политических институтов имеет тесную связь со степенью доверия к ним. Представленные статистические данные подтверждают это, демонстрируя специфику трансформации гражданского сознания до и после “бархатной революции”, а также определяя основные тренды внутренней политики и развития армянского общества в целом. Авторы представляют анализ главных факторов (смена поколений, политическая культура, трансформация социального протеста в политический), способствующих дальнейшему исследованию развития гражданской идентичности в условиях возникновения новых рисков и угроз в контексте определения оптимального формата отношений между государством и обществом.
На берегу “Империи”. Критический анализ концепции Хардта и Негри
Authors: DINÇ Deniz
Published: March 2020

В тетралогии “Империя” Майкл Хардт и Антонио Негри внедрили в традиционную марксистскую парадигму ряд концептов теории постструктурализма. Будучи приверженцами автономного постмарксизма, авторы заменили классические марксистские концепты империализма и пролетариата такими концептами, как Империя и Множество. Настоящая статья предлагает преодолеть антагонизм Империи и Множества посредством их замены на концепты Империализм и Народ. Обращаясь к дебатам об империи и империализме, автор поднимает вопрос обоснованности концепции империализма. По мнению автора, суверенитет национальных государств продолжает реализовываться через неравномерную и смешанную форму неолиберального капитализма. Кроме того, статья посвящена проблеме революционного субъекта в контексте постструктурализма. Анализируя фундаментальную дилемму имманентности и трансцендентности социальной борьбы, автор обосновывает тезис о том, что альтернативы новым империалистическим отношениям должны артикулировать множественность антагонизмов, присущую гегемонистской политике, которая трансцендентно формирует автономную и репрезентативную фазы политики. Данная артикуляция антагонизмов требует ограждения популизма от уничижительных оценок и отношения к нему как к органической части политики.
Патриотизм как политический дискурс в современной России
Authors: Мартынов Михаил , Фадеева Любовь , Габеркорн Алена
Published: March 2020

Статья выполнена в рамках идентитарных исследований, в которых патриотизм понимается как форма идентичности, конструируемая при множественности акторов и высокой конкурентности этого процесса. По мнению авторов, гражданский патриотизм можно определить как особую ценностную установку политического сознания, формирующую специфические формы общественных отношений и деятельности, связанные с поддержкой и защитой гражданином политических институтов, отражающих его интересы. Тем самым патриотизм включает функцию легитимации или делегитимации власти, что и объясняет остроту борьбы за его идентификацию. Тенденции массового сознания свидетельствуют о снижении авторитета власти и доверия к ней. При этом значение патриотического сознания может возрастать, но сопровождаться поисками другого политического субъекта как его носителя. Значение патриотического дискурса в политических процессах ближайшего будущего будет иметь тенденцию к росту, а борьба за идентификацию патриотизма – к усилению. Об этом свидетельствуют, к примеру, массовые акции июля-августа 2019 г., когда участники протестных митингов использовали в качестве пропагандистского материала патриотические символы.
Становящееся научное сообщество. Сводный портрет исследователей российского ислама
Authors: Сапронова Марина , Чечевишников Александр , Ярлыкапов Ахмет
Published: March 2020

Проведенное авторами статьи пилотное исследование (анкетирование) круга отечественных ученых, специализирующихся на изучении современного российского ислама и российских мусульман, позволило осуществить первый опыт характеристики этого формирующегося научного сообщества. В постсоветской России такое исламоведческое сообщество складывается прежде всего на основе “советских” востоковедческих кадров и соответствующих центров. Существенную роль в его формировании играют и исламские учебные заведения, возникшие в последние десятилетия, – многие служители культа имеют светские ученые степени. В свою очередь, светские учебные и научные учреждения способствуют становлению исламских высших учебных заведений, так как исламское образование в России идет по пути синтеза религиозных и светских знаний. Значимый рост академической активности по исламской тематике произошел с 2008 г. в результате решения правительства подготовить специалистов с глубокими знаниями истории и культуры ислама, которые будут работать в исламских религиозных организациях. Большинство опрошенных ученых изучают местные мусульманские общины и ислам на региональном уровне из-за разнообразия мусульманских общин в стране. На повестку дня выходят задачи концептуализации знаний о российском исламе, выработки методов его изучения, а также выяснения места, роли и функций ислама в современном российском обществе. Оставаясь весьма мозаичным, российский ислам динамично меняется. Авторы полагают, что господствующая в настоящее время региональная исследовательская парадигма тормозит понимание процессов, происходящих в российском исламском сообществе. Необходимо составить картину развития ислама в России в целом. Полевые исследования должны вестись в разных регионах страны, чтобы создать целостную картину. Делать это следует в контексте мировой ситуации, в первую очередь – ситуации на Ближнем Востоке, а также с учетом функционирования неформальных исламских сетей. Необходима глубокая кооперация с востоковедами-арабистами.
Эффективность региональной власти: от теории к измерению (на примере республик Северо-Кавказского федерального округа)
Authors: Литвинова Татьяна
Published: March 2020

Статья посвящена подходам и критериям оценки эффективности исполнительной власти в регионах России на примере республик Северо-Кавказского федерального округа. Они часто фигурируют в числе отстающих, дотационных субъектов РФ, с относительно низким уровнем производства, высокой рождаемостью, высоким уровнем безработицы и другими социально-экономическими вызовами для государственного управления. В статье рассматриваются теоретические подходы к эффективности власти: 1) с позиции выполнения правительством социальных функций; 2) с позиции системного подхода через анализ взаимосвязи требований общества, поступающих в систему на “входе”, и принятыми властью решениями “на выходе”; 3) с точки зрения качества государственных и правовых институтов, которые способствуют эффективности управления. Программно-целевой подход и цифровизация экономики ставят новые задачи повышения качества управления и предоставления государственных услуг, провоцируют изменение нормативной базы. В данной работе разбирается перечень показателей деятельности органов исполнительной власти в субъектах РФ, введенный Указом Президента России в апреле 2019 г. Проводя сравнение новых показателей с предыдущей системой индикаторов, автор на основе данных социально-экономической статистки республик СКФО анализирует их релевантность для оценки качества управления в регионе. Особое внимание уделяется показателю “доверие к власти”, который заменил прежние индикаторы социальной удовлетворенности населения. Предлагаются пути оптимизации методики измерения эффективности власти с учетом региональной специфики.
Financial Soundness of Cement Industry of Bangladesh: An Empirical Investigation Using Z-score
Authors: Mizan A. N. K. , Hossain Md. Mahabbat
Published: March 2020

For measuring the financial health of a business firm, there are lots of techniques available. But the Altman’s Z-score has been proven to be a reliable tool across contexts. Bangladesh cement industry is a unique one because, the industry is producing a higher amount of cement than the local demand having no supply of local raw materials. The main objective of the study is to assess the fundamental financial health of this industry using Z-score model. All listed cement firms are considered in this study. The required information has been collected from the annual reports of the selected companies and from other sources. The study revealed that two firms, Heidelberg cement and Confidence Cement, are financially sound whereas other three are not in a good position. The findings of the study can be useful for the managers to take financial decision, the stockholders to choose investment options and others to look after their interest in the concern cement manufacturers of the country.