bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Micro Vibration Sensor Based on the Nano Measuring Machine
Authors: Li Meng Chao , He Zhong Hai
Published: March 2013

External micro vibration is an important obstacle factor for the measuring result of scanning tunneling microscopy. In order to achieve better result, the influence of vibration must be eliminated. In this study, a large range new sensor with two nano stages is built up to detect the micro vibration for the compensation of the results. Finnaly, the vibration detection experiments are made to illustrate the rationality of the sensor.
Photocatalytic Degradation of Bromophenol Blue Solution Using Nanometer TiO2
Authors: Tian Peng , Zeng Jing , Zhang Hong Bo , Du Wen Le , Sun Lu , Yu Long
Published: March 2013

Titanium tetrachloride with inorganic salts as raw materials in the experiment, TiO2is prepared by the hydrolyzation method in (NH4)2SO4-modified TiCl4solution, the maximal photocatalytic activity is observed at the mole ratio of TiCl4: (NH4)2SO4=1:2, the water-bath temperature of 90°C. Bromophenol blue solution is degraded by the nanometer TiO2. The photocatalytic degradation efficiency is influenced by the nanometer TiO2amount, irradiation time, the UV irradiation intensity and solution temperature. The short degradation time shows that the nanometer TiO2can be used as an easy and efficient method to degrade bromophenol blue solution.
Preparation of Hydrophobic Magnesium Hydroxide Nanoparticles by Oleic Acid and Polystyrene-Grafting Surface Modification
Authors: Li Zhi Wei , Ma Hui Chao , Wang Juan , Zhang Zhi Jun
Published: March 2013

In order to avoid their agglomeration and incompatibility with polymer matrix, hydrophobic magnesium hydroxide nanoparticles were obtained by means of grafting polystyrene (PS) onto the surface of nanoparticles after oleic acid (OA) modification. Firstly, the functional double bonds were conducted on the surface of blank magnesium hydroxide nanoparticles by OA modification, and then, PS was grafted on the surface of OA-modified magnesium hydroxide. The microstructure of resultant sample was characterized by TEM, TGA and FTIR. In the meantime, the compatibility with some organic solutions was determined by dispersibility evaluation. The results show that the organic macromolecule PS could be successfully grafted on the surface of OA-modified magnesium hydroxide nanoparticles, and the dispersibility and the compatibility of nanoparticles greatly improved in organic phase.
Research on the Application of GSHP (Ground Source Heat Pump) Technology with Composite Properties of Biochemical Materials
Authors: Yuan Zhi Yang
Published: March 2013

This paper describes the principle, classification and application significance of GSHP (Ground Source Heat Pump) technology with Composite Properties of Biochemical Materials and analyzes its characteristics and economic benefits. Then its development history and domestic research status are introduced to present its broad prospects in China’s energy conservation, environmental protection and sustainable development
Thermal and Mechanical Property Research of Polyethylene Modified by Reactive Quatemary Ammonium Salt
Authors: Li Jiu , Song Xue Jing , Yang Rong Jie
Published: March 2013

In this investigation, dodecyl dimethyl(vinylbenzyl)ammonium chloride is applied to modify properties of polyethylene, and it is greatly focused on influences of it on the thermal properties and mechanical properties of this polymer. The results demonstrate that addition of this compound into polyethylene has little effect on thermal properties except for little improvement of its glass temperature, although it has reactive double bond in its molecular. Moreover, it is observed that it can enhance mechanical properties of this polymer and its addition has little change in colors of bulk materials. Therefore, it is believed that these excellent properties help to drive this antibacterial compound in applications.
Sequence Analysis of Potato α-Amylase Gene amyA2
Authors: Wang Yong Gang , Ma Jian Zhong , Ma Xue Qing , Liu Jin Ge , Yang Ming Jun
Published: March 2013

The sequences of Potato α-Amylase Gene amyA2 was analysised by Bioinformatics, including its codon usage bias, physical and chemical properties, subcellular localization, and conserved structures. The results showed that the cDNA had a 1218 bp open reading frame and was referred to as amyA2, which encodes for an α-amylase with 405 amino acid residues (GenBank accession number: GU134783), and shared 98% identity with a published potato α-amylase (GenBank accession number: M79328.1) at the amino acid level. The amino sequences contains a catalytic domain (PF00128、SM00624) between 20 to 348 and a C-terminal beta-sheet domain between 349-407, which are similar to ones of the amylase family 13. Eight-stranded alpha/beta barrel was also found in the enzyme, which was thought as an active site of α-amylase.
Study on the Luminescent Properties of Europium (III) Complex with 2, 3-Pyrazinedicarboxylic Acid
Authors: Wang Li Hua
Published: March 2013

Two new europium (III) complexes luminescent materials, Eu-PDA and Eu-PDA-Phen, were prepared by the reaction of Eu(NO3)3·6H2O with 2, 3-pyrazinedicarboxylic acid (PDA) and 1,10-phenanthroline, respectively. The luminescent properties of two europium (III) complexes in solid and in organic solvents have been studied. The effect of organic solvents and metal ions (Ca2+ and Mg2+) on the luminescent intensity of the Eu (III) complexes have also been investigated. The results show that the metal ions (Ca2+ and Mg2+) could enhance the luminescent intensity of Eu-PDA-Phen complex and reduce luminescent intensity of Eu-PDA complex. The polarity of organic solvents is an important factor on the luminescent intensity of two complexes.
Study on Crystal Structure and Thermal Stability of Hexaaquanickel (II) Bis[4-amino-3-methyl-benzenesulfonate]
Authors: Wang Li Hua
Published: March 2013

Light green crystals of the Ni (II) complex material, [Ni(H2O)6](C14H16N2O6S2), were obtained by the self-assembly of Ni(H2O)6·6H2O, 4-amino-3-methyl-benzenesulfonic acid and NaOH. The result of X-ray diffraction shows that each Ni (II) atom is six-coordinated in a distorted octahedral environment by six oxygen atoms from the water molecules. The complex molecules are connected by hydrogen bonds to form two dimensional network structure. The thermal analysis shows that the complex has a enothermic peak at 302 C, indicating that coordinated water molecules are in the complex.
Microwave Synthesis and Characterizations of Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 Ferrite Powder
Authors: Peng Yuan Dong , Xia Qing Lin , Li Li Ya , Bao Rui , Ran Jun Ming , Yi Jian Hong
Published: March 2013

Microwave heating method was used to synthesize (Ni0.5Zn0.5)Fe2O4 ferrite from a stoichiometric mixture of corresponding metal oxides powders. The structural, chemical and magnetic properties of Ni-Zn ferrite was determined by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). Results showed that the material was spinel structure with a high purity with an estimated crystallite size of ∼30nm by X-ray line profile fitting. The sample systhetized by microwave energy at 860°C for 30min has magnetic properties of intrinsic coercivity 55.94G and saturation magnetization 19.43 emu/g. Compared with conventional burning method, microwave systhesis of NiZn ferrite is more efficient and reducing a lots of soaking time.
Elastic-Plastic Contact Analysis of a Deformable Sphere and a Rigid Flat with Friction Effect
Authors: Wang Li , Xiang Yang
Published: March 2013

Elastic-plastic deformation analysis of the deformable sphere and the rigid plane was studied using the finite element software,this paper was focused on the impact of the friction effects on the deformation of the elastic-plastic deformation under considering the material strain stiffening properties,studies have shown that，the strain stiffening feature increases the contact load while reducing the contact area，the friction effect reduce both the contact load and contact area during elastic-plastic deformation process of the deformable sphere with increasing contact interference.
Study on the Optimization of Absorption Baffle with Coating Material
Authors: Guo Wen Yong , Chen Lin Gen , Cao Yu
Published: March 2013

The absorption baffle making of viscoelastic structure with varying material can decrease effectively the sound reflection on the considerable bandwidth of sound-absorbing frequencies. In order to design the varying sectional cylindrical cavity which has better absorption result in more wide bandwidth, the mathematical model of the perforated ratio and optimization algorithm based on the genetic algorithm was designed. The simulation results based on the different rubber materials reveal that the selection of the shape of the cavity depends on the material characteristic. And the result from the optimization algorithm can be regarded as the effective referenced data.
Measurement of Material Surface Reflectivity Distribution Based on 3D Image LADAR
Authors: Zhao Tong Gang , Yu Miao
Published: March 2013

A new measurement of surface reflection index distribution is introduced. Using walk-off induced by return laser pulse power variation, which usually should be eliminated in LADAR system, relative reflection index distribution of material surface could be deduced from the 3D point-cloud data. Detection of actual pulse waveform is the first step, and then the mapping of time walk-off and amplitude is obtained. According to this relationship, amplitude distribution could be deduced from the angle/angle/time data of LADAR. After detaching the influence of detect direction based on the ladar detection range function, the reflection index distribution is acquired finally. The experimental result of this method is shown in the last of paper.
The Co-Simulation Study on Electronic Unit Pump Diesel in Mechanical Engineering
Authors: Ji Chang Xi , Jiang Yu Rong , Song En Zhe , Yin Mei Liang , Sun Jun
Published: March 2013

This paper establishes the simulation model of the electronic unit pump diesel engine with Matlab/Simulink and AMESim. Provide a theoretical basis for the study of electronic unit pump diesel. The diesel model is built with Matlab/Simulink simulation software and the electronic unit pump is constructed in AMESim environment. To evaluate the model, a co-simulation method with AMESim/Simulink is used. The simulation results show the model is available. And it is significant in theoretical study of electronic unit pump diesel.
Wheeled Robot Design and Research with Novel Hybrid Variable Structure Leg in Mechanical Engineering
Authors: Zhu Dun Yu , Zhang Ming Lu , Gao Tie Hong
Published: March 2013

This paper presents a hybrid variable structure robot design thinking based on the legs of the semi-rotating mechanism. This robot combines the advantages of wheeled robots and legged robots, and combined with the narrowing of the body can be widened, so that it can better adapt to the complex environment with strong climbing obstacle capability and sexually.
Fault Diagnosis of the Wind Turbine Main Bearing through Multifractal Theory
Authors: Gu Quan , Chen Chang Zheng , Kong Xiang Jun , Sun Xian Ming , Zhou Bo , Gu Yan Ling
Published: March 2013

Because the vibration signals of faulty wind turbine are non-linear and non-stationary, to obtain the obvious fault features become difficult. In this study, the incipient fault of the main bearing used in large scale wind turbine is studied by using a multifractal method based on the Wavelet Modulus Maxima (WTMM) method. The real vibration signals from the main bearings are analyzed using the multifractal spectrum. The spectrum of the vibration signals is quantified by spectral characteristics including its range and the Hölder exponent corresponding to the maximum dimension. The results show that the range of Hölder exponent of the main bearing which worked normally is much narrower. While the ranges of the vibration signals of the main bearing with incipient fault are wider. We also found that the fault features are different at various wind turbine rotational frequencies. Those demonstrate that the incipient fault features of main bearing of large scale wind turbine can be extract effectively using the multifractal spectrum obtained from WTMM method.
Finite Element Simulation Analysis for Gravity Wall Rockfill Dam of Gaozhai Reservoir with Engineering Mechanics
Authors: Liu Ke Ding
Published: March 2013

Through researching gravity wall rockfill dam structure’s mechanical characteristics in construction and operating process, this paper adopts finite element method to carry out simulation analysis for gravity wall rockfill dam of Gaozhai reservoir. Deducing distribution laws of the dam’s stress and displacement in construction and operating process. Analysis results show that, gravity wall rockfill dam construction of Gaozhai reservoir is reasonable, it meets the requirements for design.
Shared Mental Models for Collaborative Mechanical Design in Mechanical Engineering
Authors: Du Jun Min
Published: March 2013

Collaborative mechanical design in mechanical engineering means the collaborative design for mechanical engineering or mechanical product. Collaborative mechanical design is the process in which actors from different disciplines share their knowledge about the mechanical product design process and content. Shared mental models are considered to facilitate the creation of shared understanding among actors, which is critical for collaborative mechanical design. After a review of shared mental models, we discuss the shared mental models in design. We propose shared design mental models(SDMM) as the core component of shared mental models from a design perspective, which is about design rationale of collaborative design. Design thinking process model(DTPM) has been proposed to represent SDMM.
Numerical Simulation of Underground Pressure in Mining High-Inclined Coal-Seam with Analysis of Material Properties in Mine Dongbaowei
Authors: Wen Ming Ming
Published: March 2013

The FLAC software is used in establishing a relevant model to study the strata behavior of fully mechanized working face of steep coal seams. Using this model, we have simulated the roof caving characteristic and the stress distribution of surrounding rocks and analyzed the deformation feature of the surrounding rocks in the working face end. Based on the in-situ observation about the fully mechanized working face, we have obtained the surrounding rock stress and the strata behavior of steep coal seam and proposed some countermeasures aiming at these problems.
The Development of Automatic Electronic Granulation Counter Based on Mechanical Properties
Authors: Sui Xiu Mei , Sui Xiu Wu , Liu Lei
Published: March 2013

In order to meet the need of medicine packing industry for Mechanical Properties such as high speed and accuracy, the electronic granulation counter is developed. The counter consists of LED light source, double linear array CCD sensors TCD1209D, synchronously driving circuit for double linear array CCD based on CPLD EPM3064A, synchronously data acquisition card with A/D converter TLC 5510 of the high speed, and host computer. The test channel is 400 millimeter wide, the horizontal resolution is 0.1 millimeter, the driving frequency of linear array CCD sensors is 10 MHz and the vertical resolution is 0.3 millimeter, software binarization is effective for identifying the medicine tablets of different light transmittance. The experiments show the electronic granulation counter is accurate and reliable, counting speed is over 8000 per minute, and can distinguish the broken tablets and the overlap tablets.
Study on Sensor with Mechanical Properties in Nuclear Power Plant with Application of BP Neural Network to Fault Tolerant Control
Authors: Li Jin Yang , Xia Hong , Cheng Shou Yu
Published: March 2013

All kinds of sensor with mechanical properties often can go wrong in nuclear power plant. In this kind of situation, it puts forward a kind of active fault tolerant control method based on the improved BP neural network. Firstly, the method will train sensor by BP neural network. Secondly, it will be established dynamic model bank in all kinds of running state. The system will be detected by using BP neural network real time. When the sensor goes wrong, it will be controled by reconstruction. Taking pressurizer water-level sensor as the case, a simulation experiment was performed on the nuclear power plant simulator. The results showed that the proposed method is valid for the fault tolerant control of sensor in nuclear power plant.
Study on Autopilot Dynamics with Robust Guidance Law and Terminal Constraint in Mechanical Engineering
Authors: Li Zhi Ping , Zhou Jun , Guo Jian Guo
Published: March 2013

A new nonlinear robust guidance law was proposed by considering autopilot dynamics. Firstly, the mathematic model was built according to relationship between target and missile in vertical plane, by introducing the one-order dynamics of autopilot in Mechanical Engineering. Secondly, the nonlinear terminal guidance was obtained by applying the H∞ control theory under the performance index of minimizing the terminal angular constraint tracking error and control energy, and the asymptotic stability of guidance system was strictly proven by Lyapunov stability theory avoiding the estimation of the time-to-go. Finally, an illustrative example was given to show that the guidance law was more robust and both the impact angle and guidance precision were met in the case of no any target information.
The Design of Variable Frequency Constant Pressure of Gas Conveying Control System in Mechanical Engineering
Authors: Chen Yan , Gao Yang , Li Qing Qin
Published: March 2013

Force fan is widely used in various industries. To regulate the gas pressure by regulating valve opening degree is not conducive to energy saving, but also affect the service life of the equipment. In this paper designed a constant pressure plenum system, using the converter as a controller and governor execution unit. Practical operation in one energy company shows, the system run stable, achieve the constant pressure air supply requirements, error within permitted. Thinking working 300 days one year, the system can reduce more than 50% energy consumption than the valve control pressure mode.
Friction and Wear Behaviors of CAPVD TiAlN Coating
Authors: Liu Ai Hua , Liu Ze Shen , Zhang Peng
Published: March 2013

The paper reports friction and wear study of TiAlN coating at different speeds and loads. The coating was deposited on YG6 (WC+6 wt.% Co) cemented carbide by cathodic arc physical vapour deposition technique. Ball-on-disc wear tests were performed on the CETR UMT-2 test system against SiC balls. The coating character and test results were obtained through SEM, XRD and Wyko surface profilometer. The results are as follows: The value of friction of coefficients decreased and depth of wear tracks became smaller as speeds and loads increased. TiAlN coating showed excellent anti-wear properties at high speed and high load, and was more suitable for these similar working conditions.
Research on Technology of Wastewater Treatment from Scheelite Flotation
Authors: Wang Jing Xin , He Guo Wei , Fan Bin , Xiao Jian Qiang
Published: March 2013

Wastewater from scheelite flotation tailings slathered a lot of sodium silicate in the flotation process, a large number of silicate minerals residues remain in the wastewater, forming suspension bodies difficult to be naturally subsided. With high concentration of suspended substance and pH of 11 or more, this kind of wastewater belongs to unmanageable mine wastewater. Research shows that, pretreating the waste water with Sulfuric acid and calcium chloride, adjusting pH to 7-8 and adding polyacrylamide on flocculating-sedimentation combined can remove suspended solids effectively, offering theoretical basis for wastewater recycling and disposing mine wastewater, which is of great importance.
Effects of Four Mesostructures on their Drug Release Properties
Authors: Zeng Wei
Published: March 2013

Five ordered mesoporous materials, SBA-1, MCM-48, SBA-7, MCM-41 and SBA-15, were prepared and tested as mesophase drug delivery systems with an anti-inflammatory drug, ibuprofen. The results of these mesostructures on in vitro ibuprofen delivery indicated that the mesoporous materials with cage-like structure, SBA-1 and SBA-7, had unfavorable load and release properties. MCM-48 also showed fast release rate due to its opening channel. However, the hexagonal mesostructure in MCM-41 and SAB-15 was advantageous for extending drug release rate although a little difference existed between them. Compared with commercial ibuprofen capsule, the release system based on MCM-41 materials displayed the drug efficacy in a longer time.
A Speech Enhancement Method in Low SNR Environment
Authors: Wang Yao Qi , Wang Xiao Peng , King Raji Rafiu
Published: March 2013

A new method of speech enhancement is proposed based on morphological filter and wavelet transform. The system begins by first conducting morphological filtering, then distinguishing the unvoiced, voiced and noise using TEO in the wavelet domain. It then executes wavelet transform using different threshold on multiscale, and at the same time to improve the threshold function. Experimental results showed that the method not only suppressed noise effectively but also reduced the loss of the unvoiced. It also not only enhanced SNR, but also improved voice clarity and comfort. The merits it espouses makes it an effective speech enhancement algorithm.
In-Fiber Michelson Interferometer Based on Thin-Core Fiber Combined with an End-Face Mirror
Authors: Fu Wen , Hou Yao , Guo Liang , Rong Qiang Zhou
Published: March 2013

An in-fiber Michelson interferometer (IFMI) is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The configuration is formed by a thin-core fiber (TCF) following with a single mode fiber whose end tip is covered by a thick silver film as a mirror. The TCF excites cladding modes into downstream SMF via the mismatch-core splicing interface, and the low-order cladding modes can be reflected back to the fiber core via the mirror. A well-defined interference pattern is obtained due to the interference of between core and cladding modes. Experimental results represent that the device is linearly sensitive to the ambient temperature variation, and the selected interference dip of 1530nm represents a temperature sensitivity of 67.59pm/oC. The IFMI is compact and simple, and is a good candidate for ambient temperature measurement.
Auto Disturbance Rejection Control for Nonlinear Object
Authors: Song Shu Biao , Sheng Zhong Biao
Published: March 2013

For some nonlinear complex control objects, conventional PID is not able to acquire excellent control effect because of its inherent defects. As a new controller based on PID control technology, Auto Disturbances Rejection Control (ADRC) breaks through the limitation of the former technology, at the same time maintains its advantages. In this paper, these two methods are used for nonlinear object −−two-step water tank respectively. Simulation and application results prove that ADRC controller has better adaptability and robustness when controlling the nonlinear time-delay object, and has capability to achieve no-overshoot and no-static-error control.
Synthesis and Characterization of Exotic Carbon Fibers with Branched Spurs Using Nickel Catalyst Precursor
Authors: Zhang Qian , Wang Qiu Xiang , Dong Hong Zhou , Dong Li Feng
Published: March 2013

In this paper, we have synt hesized exotic carbon fibers with branched spurs by a chemical vapor deposition method using nickel catalyst precursor at 600 °C. No catalyst particles were found at the base of the carbon spurs, suggesting that the ni ckel catalyst particles, which were decomposed from the nickel catalyst precursor, facilitated the growth of the carbon fibers but not the spurs. The formation of the spurs resulted from the fluctuation of the carbon source gas acetylene flow. The samples were characterized by field emission sc anning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray powder diffraction.
Based on Research and Design of Multi-Channel Choice of Vehicle Terminal
Authors: Chen Wen Yan , Ma Li Fang
Published: March 2013

The vehicle terminal is part of the vehicle monitoring system, this article introduces ARM 9 and Bei Dou navigation and communication system which consisting of vehicle terminal system, which offers a method not only could combines Bei Dou communication, GPRS communication, Ethernet communication but also provides the multi-channel data acquisition, this method could ensure that the information transmission in the abnormal situations, and also could give full play to a variety of channels, use of resources, improve efficiency, reduce communication costs, and has great application prospects.
An Effective Method for Fast Hub Location Based on Design-Template
Authors: Niu Lian Qiang , Li Zhi Tian
Published: March 2013

In order to solve the hub workpiece recogni tion, location and precision grabbing problem before fine processing, a method of hub workpiece recognition and lo cation based on design-template is proposed. In this method, create design-template according to the design size and external shape of the hub workpiece, extract some invariants as features, obtain similar ity according to the corresponding features rec ognized and extracted from target image, adjust and align the image in small range based on the smallest similarity criter ia, then achieve target location. Experiments show that this method can precisely locate the key pa rts of the hub workpiece an d the recognition accuracy is greater than 98%, error accuracy of the position and angle, resp ectively, are within 2 pixels and 0.08 degrees, moreover it has less amount of calculation. It could satisfy the actual need of production line.
Study on the Traction Properties of a High-Speed Grease
Authors: Su Bing , Pan Long , Yang Bo Yuan
Published: March 2013

LGLT2 grease is a newly developed lithium based grease used widely in small rolling bearing of instrument and control equipment at high speed.In this paper the curves of the traction coefficient against slide-to-roll ratio of LGLT2 film are measured on a high-speed ball-disc traction force tester under the conditions of the varying rolling speed from 20m/s to 40m/s and the varying load from 20N to 40N.The experimental results show that the grease LGLT2 performs well under above conditions,demonsrating lower traction coefficients with the increasing rolling speed. Both T-J model and an exponential model are employed to fit the experimental data. The results show that there are high consistencies between the experimental data and calculation values obtained from both models.
Mechanical Analysis of Vibrating-Beam Resonantor Accelerometer
Authors: Jia Yu Bin
Published: March 2013

Based on the change of the length for the vibrating-beam, the potential energy stored in the system and the force function are presented. Then the sensor parameters and nonlinear factor are defined and calculated. From this, the mechanical parameters of the vibrating beam can be modeled, and the formulae of the frequency is derived as the function of the external axial acceleration and amplitude, and the mode of a single-degree elastic oscillator is set up. These results are the theoretical bases of developing the vibrating-beam-type accelerometer.
Interference Detection in Numerical Control Simulation Based on Octree Sphere Model
Authors: Li Chun Ming , Yang Zhuo , Wang Min
Published: March 2013

This paper presentes an interference detection method for workpiece and tool in numerical control machining simulation process.In this method the workpiece is presented by an octree hierarchy sphere model, and outside surfaces of the machining tool are presented by some simple curved surfaces. Using the minimum touching moment between these spheres and surfaces to detect the interference between the workpiece and the machining tool，the judgement problem of the interference in NC simulation is solved. Through this method, the interference judgment becomes convenient and effective after the octree sphere model was established. Finally, we also give an example to explain the algorithm.
The Principle of Emergency Cut-off Valve Hydraulic Servo Control and Simulation and Analysis for Emergency Cut-Off
Authors: Su Dong Hai , Yang Shuai , Wang Yue Ling
Published: March 2013

The system is under the control of electro-hydraulic servo loop, and makes it possible to automatically adjust the valve in real time. It uses the accumulator as a power source of emergency cut-off to achieve cut-off of the valve. Based on AMESim, we established a mathematical model of the Emergency Cut-off Valve that can make a simulation analysis about the data of displacement, velocity, acceleration when it shut down. This study provides a theoretical basis to the analysis and design of Emergency Cut-off Valve.
Analysis of Main Factors for Culvert Diseases of High-Filled Embankment in Mountain Regions and Engineering Measures
Authors: Su Zhong Ming , Xue Xiao Hui , Sun Zhi Jie
Published: March 2013

The main factors are analyzed in the paper for the culvert diseases of high-filled embankment and the main factors affecting the vertical earth pressure of culvert are also analyzed from the perspective of culvert-soil function mechanism & soil arching effect, then the suitable nonlinear formula to calculate such pressure is put forward. In order to reduce the culvert diseases, the simple load reduction measures are proposed. Suitable method of soft foundation treatment is also suggested based on the analysis of influence to the internal forces of culvert structure by the varied elastic modulus of foundation, which will offer guidance and reference for the design and construction of such projects.
Molecular Optical Switches Based on [Ru(OAC)(2MQN)2NO](H2MQN=2-methyl-8-quinolinol)
Authors: Wang Jian Ru , Jin Xiao Wei , Zhao Yan , Qiao Xiao Yan , Wang Hong Fei
Published: March 2013

Reversible photoisomerization between the cis and trans isomer of [Ru(OAc)(2mqn)2NO] (H2mqn=2-methyl-8-quinolinol) was studied quantitatively, using 1H Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra. The kinetic study showed that the photoisomerization from trans to cis isomer was first-order and the rate constant (k) is 0.014 (min-1) at 420 nm, 0.0034 (min-1) at 550 nm, respectively. The main absorption band in UV-Vis region for cis and trans isomer was observed from 300 nm to 550 nm, the electronic structure of these compounds was performed with DFT (Density functional theory) calculation and was discussed based on HOMO–LUMO analyses. The study provide detail information to design advance optoelectronic materials based on nitrosylruthenium(II) complexes.
Microstructures and Precipitates in High Purified Fe- 17 wt% Cr Alloy Steels
Authors: Wang Hong Mei , Fan Zhong Mian , Liu Chang Jun
Published: March 2013

In the present paper, the influences of rolling temperatures on microstructure and precipitate in high purified Fe- 17 wt% Cr alloy steels were investigated by conventional process and low temperature rolling process. The hot rolled bands were annealed, cold rolled and annealed in the same processes. By means of optical microscopy observations, transmission electron microscopy analyses and thermodynamic calculations, the microstructural evolutions were studied and compared. It was shown that low temperature rolling process resulted in the refined rolling and annealing microstructure; Low temperature rolling process could form more fine TiC precipitates than in the conventional process due to the occurrence of strain-induced precipitation. These results have been confirmed by the thermodynamic calculations.
Research on Method of Ecomaterials Life Cycle Assessment
Authors: Jin Hong Xia , Yao He Ping , Zhang Ling
Published: March 2013

It is generally considered, as the material basis of human survival and production, materials industry is one of the main reasons causing energy shortages, excessive consumption of resources and environmental pollution, the issues on ecomaterials life cycle assessment are also increasingly subject to attention. In this paper, Fuzzy decision trees is applied due to they are powerful, top-down, hierarchical search methodology to extract human interpretable classification rules. And Fuzzy ID3 algorithm is used, a popular and particularly efficient method, to construct fuzzy decision tree. We use weighted fuzzy production rules generated from FDT to establish assessment model. In addition, a new method is proposed, based on fuzzy rules and degree of confidence, to set the band of assessment. Classification accuracy was used to examine results of the system. The results indicated that the system is very valid for eco-materials life cycle assessment.
The Morphologies of Pt Decorated on PANI Membrane and Effects on Glucose Biosensor
Authors: Wang Cang , Chen Da Jing , Pan Min , Chen Yu Quan , Guan Wen Jun , Chen Wei
Published: March 2013

This paper mainly studies on the morphologies of Platinum(Pt) nanoparticles decorated on polyanilene(PANI)and their influence on the sensitivity of glucose biosensor. Seldom researches were carried on the morphologies of Pt nanoparticles and the optimization of parameters. Compared by scanning electron microscopy(SEM), cyclic voltammetry(CV) and glucose current response, Pt completely wrapped PANI nanofibers shows better electrochemical stability, sensitivity and larger catalytic area than different kinds of Pt decorated PANI membranes. Pt completely wrapped PANI nanofibers are provided by electrochemical deposition Pt nanoparticles on PANI nanofibers under a special voltage. The average diameter of nanofibers which form porous Pt/PANI membrane is 100 nm. CVs of this membrane become stable in seven circles and provide a higher current peak which indicates larger catalytic area. The sensitivity indicated by current-time glucose response is several times of the other membranes.
Effect of Pulsed Electric Fields on Interface Properties of Phospholipids Dispersion
Authors: Guo Dan , Xiao Jia , Jing Chen , Zeng Xin An , Zhong Han
Published: March 2013

Effects of pulsed electric fields (PEF) treatment on interface properties of phospholipids dispersion were studied. Results showed that the conductivity of solutions with different concentration after PEF treatment increased while surface tension value decreased with increasing electric field strength. The absolute value of zeta potential firstly increased when the field intensity was within 0~20 kV/cm, and then decreased if the field intensity increased further. It can be inferred that the torque of phospholipids molecule may have changed and phospholipids molecule have rearranged after PEF treatment. Moreover, as a resemblance to biological membrane structure, the phospholipid molecules of cell membrane may generate micropores after rearrangement, which result in the cell electroporation.
Recent Research on the Magnetoimpedance Effect in Co-Based Amorphous Ribbons
Authors: Gonzalez-Legarreta Lorena , Prida V.M. , Hernando Blanca , Ipatov Mihail , Zhukova Valentina , Zhukov Arcady P. , Domínguez L. , González Julian
Published: March 2013

We report the recent results obtained on the magnetoimpedance (MI) response in several near-zero magnetostriction Co-based amorphous ribbons with different width, and different transverse magnetic anisotropy (developed during the fabrication process or processing after production by the current annealing technique) in the frequency range of 10 MHz – 3.5 GHz. The evolution of the maximum of MI with the axial magnetic field, ascribed to the anisotropy field, as a function of the frequency provides useful information on the soft magnetic character of the ribbons.
A Novel Three Phase Cascaded Multilevel Inverter
Authors: Wang Sheng , Zhong Jia Hua , Wang Shao Dong , He Jin Ping
Published: March 2013

Based on the theory of H-bridge multilevel converter, the structure of a three phase cascaded multilevel inverter (LVCMI) and its control strategy are proposed in this paper. Several standard three-phase bridges can be reconnected into a new single three-phase bridge at ac-side. Simulation results show that such topological structure can increase the output voltage capacity and reduce the THD. It can be used as an inverter or rectifier in three phase system. In theory, it can be cascaded unlimitedly. The more cascaded, the higher output voltage and the lower THD. Experimental results of LVCMI with 3-module verified the feasibility of the proposed inverter.
Research Progress of Surface Treatment Techniques in the Application of Fouling Prevention and Heat Transfer Enhancement
Authors: Peng Ru Shu , Zhu Hong Mei , Li Rui Qing
Published: March 2013

The research progress of the conventional surface treatment techniques applied in the heat transfer enhancement is reviewed. The research status and development trend of the effects of the low-energy surface prepared by the novel surface treatment techniques such as magnetron sputtering, ion implantation, chemical composite plating and molecular self-assembly on fouling prevention and heat transfer enhancement are also discussed.
Synthesis of Silver Nanowire Using a Template Wetting Process
Authors: Lee Jong Ho , Chi Choong Soo , Oh Han Jun
Published: March 2013

Silver nanostructures were synthesized by a template wetting method throughout decomposition of silver acetate. The morphology and activation energy of silver nanostructures were investigated. The activation energy from silver acetate to silver particles can be evaluated by Friedman method, which is dependent of the decomposition process, and the activation energy was estimated in the range between 355 and 400 kJ/mol. The template wetting method utilizing the decomposition of silver acetate can be applied to produce a silver nanostructured material with high functional properties.
Chitosan Induced Synthesis of EuPO4 Nanoparticles on Fiber Templates for Live Imaging
Authors: Xue Bo , Li Hong , Shi Yun Fen
Published: March 2013

EuPO4 nanoparticle was synthesized using chitosan induced mechanism. The nanoparticles were formed after calcination inside a fiber template. The nanoparticles were characterized by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Fluorespectrometer. The synthesized EuPO4 nanoparticles with nano-pore structures presented the excitation peaks located at about 375nm and 500nm and the emission peaks located at 590-620nm and 750nm, respectively. Live imaging was performed in in-vitro cell culture. The nanoparticles were biocompatible and could be intake by cells. Cells with nanoparticles showed fluorescent signals for imaging, which indicate the potential application of these particles for live imaging.
Resveratrol Inhibition Osteoclastogenesis Induced by RANKL through Decrease Preosteoclast Formation
Authors: Lin Shang Chien , Kao Sheng Yu , Keng Nien Tzu , Liu Wei Chung
Published: March 2013

It has been demonstrated that resveratrol can inhibit osteoclastogenesis induced by receptor activator of nuclear factor kappaB ligand (RANKL) in several cell models. However, the mechanism has not yet been completely clarified. In this study, we investigated the effects of resveratrol on osteoclasts differentiation induced by RANKL. Preosteoclast or osteoclast derived from the murine monocytic cell line RAW264.7 treated with RANKL. In RAW264.7 cells culture, data indicated that resveratrol at non-toxic concentrations dose-dependently inhibited the formation of osteoclasts and the activation of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP). Using flow cytometry assay, the results indicated that the percentage of preosteoclast differentiation was decreased by resveratrol, whereas the apoptosis rate of preosteoclasts was not changed. Our results suggest that resveratrol might inhibit the differentiation of RAW264.7 cells into osteoclasts and decrease osteoclast activation possibly via suppressing monocytes to differentiate preosteoclasts.
Preparation and Characterization of Alveolar Bone and Periodontal Ligament Interface Scaffolds
Authors: Wu Di , Wen Jian Hua , Li Li Hua , Zhao Yao Wu , Li Bo , Zhou Chang Ren
Published: March 2013

To mimic the alveolar bone and periodontal ligament interface, a chitosan(CS for short) composite polysaccharide scaffold was fabricated which was cross-linked with sodium alginate(SA for short). The conditions of physical crosslinking in the scaffolds were discussed. By characterization after biomineralization, it turns out that pH=5.0 and 40min crosslinking time can make for crosslinking. Better crosslinking makes the material more antiswelling and give more compressive strength. In the other hand, the biomineralization can improve the physical properties of the material. We hope that after further research it can come to a scaffold material with good properties.
Fabrication of Ofloxacin/PLGA Microsphere for Bone Tuberculosis Therapy
Authors: Wu Gang , Chen Long , Deng Chun Ling , Wei Kun
Published: March 2013

The purpose of this research was to use mesoporous silicon (mpSi) as internal phase additive to improve the hydrophilic ofloxacin loaded by the hydrophobic PLGA materials through a double emulsion (water-in-oil-in-water) solvent extraction/evaporation method. Laser distribution analysis displayed low impact of MS additive on the final particles size. When compared to particle loading efficiency of none internal phase additives, MS internal phase group showed higher loading efficiency, and it increased with MS amounts inside the microparticles. All the burst releases of MS internal phase groups were severe than none MS group and was directly related the MS amount inside the microsphere. The release rate was increasing with the MS amounts added into the internal phase.
Micro and Macro Scratch and Microhardness Study of Biocompatible DLC and TiO2 Films Prepared by Laser
Authors: Mikšovsky Jan , Lukeš Jaroslav , Tolde Zdeněk , Remsa Jan , Kocourek Tomáš , Jelínek Miroslav
Published: March 2013

Mechanical properties of biocompatible diamond like carbon (DLC) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) films were tested using micro and macro methods. Microhardness was evaluated by AFM head and by Hysitron nanoindenter. Micro-hardness (H) from 27.0 GPa to 30.5 GPa (for DLC/Si) and from 11.7 GPa to 15.3 GPa (for DLC on Ti alloy) was measured. H for TiO2/Si was in range of 1.2 to 5.4 GPa. Macro Adhesion was tested by CSM Revetest. The critical force (FC) was from 6.5 to 13 N for DLC/Si resp. 3.5 to 10.8 N for DLC/Ti. For TiO2 the FC from 1 to more than 15 N was found. Micro adhesion was tested by AFM head and by Hysitron For DLC films the force FC from 4.3 to more than 75 mN resp. 1.1 to 1.5 mN and for TiO2.from 15 to 39 mN resp. 0.5 to 0.8 mN was achieved. Biocompatible DLC and TiO2 films were prepared by PLD on silicon or titanium alloy substrates. The advantage, disadvantage and comparison of methods and results obtained from micro and macro mechanical measurements are discussed.
Comparison on Nutrient Composition and Amino Acid and Fatty Acid Profile of Muscle in Wild and Farmed Carassius auratus
Authors: Xu Xing Hong , Liu Xiang
Published: March 2013

The nutritional compositions, including amino acids and fatty acids profile in muscle were compared between wild and farmed Carassius auratus to evaluate the nutritional value. The contents of moisture, crude protein, fat, carbohydrate and ash in wild C. auratus were 74.47%, 19.12%, 3.72%, 1.52% and 1.18％, and those of farmed C. auratus were 74.03%, 18.41%, 4.54%, 1.95% and 1.06％, respectively. The contents of total amino acids (TAA) and essential amino acids (EAA) in wild C. auratus were obviously higher than those of farmed group (dry sample), whereas the protein of farmed C. auratus has more well-balanced amino acid composition based on the Amino acid scores. Abundant polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) were observed in the muscles of two groups, however the ratio of n-6/n-3 especially the wild group were significantly higher than the value (4.0 at maximum) recommended by UK Department of Health and the value of China (4:1～6:1). So the fatty acids composition of C. auratus was not ideal for the human health.
Computer Aided Interpretation of Fibrous Texture in Hepatic Magnetic Resonance Images
Authors: Zeng Yu Fan , Zhang Xue Jun , Yan Wen , Long Li Ling , Huang Yu Kun , Shi Jia Xiong , Liang Tian , Huang Yu Hong
Published: March 2013

The fibrous texture in liver is one of important signs for interpreting the chronic liver diseases in radiologists’ routines. In order to investigate the usefulness of various texture features calculated by computer algorithm on hepatic magnetic resonance (MR) images, 15 texture features were calculated from the gray level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) within a region of interest (ROI) which was selected from the MR images with 6 stages of hepatic fibrosis. By different combination of 15 features as input vectors, the classifier had different performance in staging the hepatic fibrosis. Each combination of texture features was tested by Support Vector Machine (SVM) with leave one case out method. 173 patients’ MR images including 6 stages of hepatic fibrosis were scanned within recent two years. The result showed that optimal number of features was confirmed from 3 to 7 by investigating the classified accuracy rate between each stage/group. It is evident that angular second moment, entropy, sum average and sum entropy played the most significant role in classification.
Fabrication of Nanopores on Different Thickness Membranes
Authors: Kong Jing Lin , Liu Li Ping , Chen Yi Wen , Wu Hong Wen , Liu Quan Jun , Liu Hang , Zhao Zhi Liang , Ye Xiao Feng , Yao Hui , Ying Song
Published: March 2013

In recent years, solid-state nanopores have been widely used in biotechnology for detecting single molecules. Here, we studied the influence of membrane thickness and Focused Ion Beam action time on the diameter of silicon nitride nanppores. The results showed that on the 300 nm thick silicon nitride membrane, the minimum pore was 170 nm in diameter; while on thinner membranes with the thicknesses of 200nm and 100nm, the minimum pore diameters were 100nm and 30nm respectively. And on the membrane of a given thickness, the minimum diameter of nanopore is determined by the minimum action time. Therefore the 100 nm membrane thickness is ideal for milling small nanopores.