bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Causas y consecuencias de la disolución de la Gran Colombia
Authors: Guevara Paredes Jennifer Isabel , Pérez Gavilanes Maritza Elizabeth
Published: February 2025

La división de la Gran Colombia, que abarcaba los territorios actuales de Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador y Panamá, se produjo debido a diversos factores sociales, políticos y económicos. Después de que estas naciones se emanciparan del dominio español, surgieron tensiones internas debido a las diferencias regionales, los conflictos de poder y las dificultades para administrar un gran territorio. Uno de los factores clave fue la ausencia de unidad entre las diferentes regiones, dado que sus necesidades y situaciones sociales eran significativamente distintas. Además, la ausencia de un sistema de transporte y comunicación eficaz dificultaba la gobernabilidad. Simón Bolívar, el líder de la Gran Colombia, intentaba preservar la unión, pero se topó con oposiciones cada vez más fuertes, tanto políticas como personales. Los caudillos locales y otros dirigentes regionales empezaron a promover una autonomía más amplia. Conforme las batallas por el poder se agudizaron, la perspectiva de Bolívar de una nación unida se desmoronó, particularmente después de su abdicación en 1830. Las divisiones internas se agudizaron, y cada región comenzó a dar prioridad a sus intereses personales, lo que mermó la autoridad central. Por lo tanto, en 1831 se disolvió oficialmente la Gran Colombia, lo que propició la formación de tres repúblicas autónomas: Nueva Granada (actualmente Colombia y Panamá), Venezuela y Ecuador. Esta división generó impactos perdurables, no solo en lo que respeta a la soberanía nacional, sino también en el crecimiento económico y político de cada nación.
Las sociedades agrícolas supracomunales y su influencia en el ecuador
Authors: Morales Valeria , Analuisa Nathaly
Published: February 2025

Las sociedades agrícolas supracomunales representan un modelo excepcional de organización social y agrícola que ha dejado un legado valioso para comprender las dinámicas de sostenibilidad y cooperación en las comunidades andinas. Estas sociedades, que se desarrollaron en un entorno geográfico desafiante, lograron articular sistemas de trabajo colectivo, redistribución y manejo de recursos que no solo garantizaron su supervivencia, sino que promovieron una coexistencia armoniosa entre las comunidades y el entorno natural. Uno de los aspectos más destacados de estas sociedades fue su capacidad para coordinar múltiples comunidades a través de sistemas de reciprocidad y redistribución. Además de su notable organización social, estas comunidades sobresalieron por sus innovaciones tecnológicas en el manejo de la tierra y el agua. construcción de terrazas agrícolas no solo aumentó la superficie cultivable en terrenos montañosos, sino que también previno la erosión y facilitó la captación de agua. Este sistema permitió a las comunidades maximizar la producción agrícola en condiciones difíciles, lo que garantizaba un suministro estable de alimentos. Asimismo, la gestión del agua era igualmente avanzada, con complejos sistemas de irrigación que transportaban agua desde fuentes distantes, asegurando así que los cultivos tuvieran acceso a este recurso vital incluso durante las temporadas secas. El uso de técnicas de rotación de cultivos y abonos orgánicos, junto con el cultivo de especies nativas, como la papa y la quinua, demostró un profundo conocimiento ecológico. Estas prácticas no solo mantenían la fertilidad del suelo a largo plazo, sino que también favorecían la biodiversidad y reducían la dependencia de insumos externos La capacidad de las comunidades para trabajar juntas y compartir recursos no solo reducía los conflictos internos, sino que también les daba una ventaja frente a otras sociedades menos organizadas, haciéndolas más capaces de enfrentar desafíos externos y mejorando su posición en redes de comercio regional.
La discapacidad y su influencia en los niños
Authors: Almache Pérez Melanie Katherine , Gaibor Rubio Mónica Cristina , Vega López Vanessa Belén , Veloz Cárdenas Doménica Camila
Published: February 2025

Introducción: La discapacidad en los niños afecta su desarrollo físico, mental, sensorial y emocional, limitando su capacidad para hacer actividades propias de su edad. Puede ser temporal o permanente y se clasifica en diferentes tipos como física, intelectual o sensorial. Estas limitaciones influyen en su aprendizaje, socialización y autonomía, generando desventajas como dificultades motoras, barreras cognitivas y exclusión social. Además, enfrentan discriminación y mayor riesgo de violencia. Es importante fomentar la empatía, la inclusión y garantizar sus derechos para que crezcan en un entorno seguro y sin discriminación. Objetivo: Analizar la influencia de las diversas discapacidades en los niños y sus entornos, desde sus aprendizajes hasta sus interacciones sociales. Metodología: La investigación se basó en una metodología de tipo bibliográfica, con un enfoque cualitativo y exploratorio, revisando diversas fuentes científicas para entender las múltiples dimensiones de la discapacidad infantil. Resultados: Se observó que la discapacidad puede influir de diversas maneras, desde el aprendizaje hasta el desarrollo social y emocional, creando barreras que los niños enfrentan tanto en la escuela como en su vida cotidiana. Conclusión: El impacto de la discapacidad en los niños es profundo y multifacético, lo que subraya la importancia de promover un entorno inclusivo que elimine barreras, fomente su autoestima y les permita desarrollar todo su potencial en igualdad de condiciones.
Aplicaciones del Machine Learning en bibliometría. Análisis bibliométrico Scopus del comportamiento del consumidor.
Authors: Guerra Castellón Emilio Enrique , Núñez Torres Edgar , Vázquez Alfonso Yasser
Published: February 2025

Este artículo explora las aplicaciones del aprendizaje automático en bibliometría, específicamente aplicando este conocimiento a un estudio bibliométrico del comportamiento del consumidor. El crecimiento exponencial de las publicaciones científicas ha superado las capacidades de las herramientas bibliométricas tradicionales, creando la necesidad de técnicas más avanzadas para analizar grandes cantidades de datos. El aprendizaje automático, una rama de la inteligencia artificial, permite a las computadoras aprender de los datos y hacer predicciones sin instrucciones explícitas. El estudio utiliza una metodología bibliométrica descriptiva, utilizando 2563 artículos de Scopus y algoritmos de aprendizaje automático como Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) para la clasificación de artículos. Se identificaron cinco temas principales: investigación de mercado, influencia en línea en el consumo de alimentos y la percepción de la marca, implicaciones sociales del consumo, implicaciones para la salud y la relación entre el comportamiento de compra y el marketing. Los resultados revelan una gran red de colaboración internacional con Estados Unidos y el Reino Unido a la cabeza y autores clave como Rifkin, Almotairi, Gruber, Kunz, Bonnevie, Buil, Hieke, Lal, Wang y Carlson. El aprendizaje automático se perfila como una herramienta clave para la bibliometría, permitiendo automatizar procesos, identificar patrones complejos y mejorar la eficiencia del análisis de grandes bases de datos. Este enfoque innovador facilita la comprensión de las tendencias y el desarrollo de conocimientos sobre el comportamiento del consumidor.
Gut microbiome and functional prediction of metabolic pathways associated with fat an muscle tissue accumulation in beef cattle
Authors: Ryazanov Vitaly A. , Kolpakov Vladimir I. , Tarasova Ekaterina I. , Ruchai Alexey N.
Published: February 2025

Reducing economic losses, improving feed utilization, maintaining health and improving the quality of finished products in the livestock industry are the main tasks that need to be solved. Scientists around the world are already proposing to use animals based on their genetic selection, which characterizes high-quality phenotypic traits. Methods are used to measure the external data and meat qualities of cattle using advanced systems for recognizing live animal bodies, including depth cameras and soft reconstruction of three-dimensional shape. However, one of the criteria for assessing animals can be the analysis of the genetic bank of microorganisms, closely related to the functional activity of the animal's digestive system. A comprehensive assessment of gene expression, taxonomic structure of the microbiome, exterior characteristics and meat productivity in combination will provide more accurate forecasts for the use and selection of animals. Our study presents the results of metagenomic sequencing (NGS) of the intestinal contents of young animals (n=40) raised in a feedlot, and annotates the association of the microbiome with their live weight and marbling degree, predicting the metabolic pathways with which these genes were associated. The analysis (LEfSe) revealed a taxonomic difference in the intestinal contents of animals with high and low live weight, the genera Clostridium sensu stricto, Clostridium XlVa, Treponema were predominant in animals with lower live weight.
Astaxanthin as a potential therapeutic agent for knee osteoarthritis: A review of mechanisms and clinical evidence
Authors: Sabir Sidra , Rahman AHM Mahmudur , Bhutta Abdul Haseeb
Published: February 2025

Bakground: Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) poses an important challenge in musculoskeletal healthcare, prompting the need for innovative therapeutic strategies. Astaxanthin, a potent antioxidant carotenoid, has gained interest due to its multifaceted mechanisms of action and potential role in KOA management. This review aims to examine the therapeutic mechanisms of astaxanthin in KOA, alongside clinical evidence supporting its effectiveness through a narrative synthesis of preclinical and clinical studies.
Methods: A comprehensive review of the literature was conducted across Web of Science, Pubmed, Scopus and Google Scholar, focusing on studies that explored astaxanthin's antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and cartilage-protective properties in the context of KOA. Articles published in English between 2014 and 2024 were included (n=44).
Results: The review identified several key mechanisms by which astaxanthin exerts its therapeutic effects, including reducing oxidative stress, attenuating inflammation, and preserving cartilage integrity. Clinical studies also provided promising evidence of its efficacy in alleviating symptoms and improving joint function in patients with KOA.
Conclusion: Astaxanthin demonstrates considerable potential as a therapeutic agent for KOA, though further research is needed to fully understand its long-term efficacy and optimal dosing. Future studies should focus on refining methodological approaches to better elucidate astaxanthin's role in KOA management.
Linier Perturbation Method Analytic Shear Wave Propagation In A Dispersive Medium
Authors: Simangunsong Sumihar
Published: February 2025

This research was based on showing how the relationship of the perturbation method to the wave function entering the dispersive medium area. Disperse medium is a medium where when the wave enters the area, it experiences changes in wave shape and wave energy. The purpose of this study is to show how the perturbation method can be reduced to a term that is still linear with the assumption that the next term is very small so that the wave term is still linear to the wave change. This research is qualitative research. The place of this research is at the TD Pardede Institute of Science and Technology. From the analysis in this study, it was found that the wave experienced a decreasing intensity towards the depth of the dispersive medium with the assumption that the attenuation coefficient ( ) was still continuous along the depth of the material passed by the wave. In the case of seismic waves when the wave moves through the medium, its intensity decreases with distance. The presence of disturbances in the layer passed by the wave causes the shift of the material to experience a disturbance characteristic where the wave amplitude is getting smaller. This is because the absorption of wave energy by the particles of the dispersive medium continues to experience attenuation.
Multi-agent pathfinding for deadlock handling in rotational movements
Authors: Chan Frodo Kin Sun , Law Yan Nei , Lai Edmond Shiao Bun
Published: February 2025

Multi-agent pathfinding (MAPF) is a challenging problem especially in environments with a large number of agents and small map size. Although some recent studies revealed that the reinforcement learning approach is feasible to train the agents for resolving the deadlock problem at large scales in terms of the number of agents, the robots, which commonly appear in warehouses, are ignored in their design. As the robots in warehouses using zero-radius right-angle turns (e.g., KIVA robots) usually stay in the same location for a long time with the same rotation movements, the deadlock problem becomes more severe especially in dense areas. In this paper, a reinforcement and imitation learning algorithm with a deadlock avoidance scheme with reinforcement and imitation learning, a deadlock breaking scheme and a deadlock resolving scheme are proposed for resolving the deadlock problem by considering the configurations for a rotation-based warehouse environment including moving forward, rotating clockwise, and rotating anticlockwise only. In addition, a light model of the proposed algorithm is also presented to speed up the inference process. In the experimental results, the proposed algorithm and its light version are shown to be effective and useful for handling different scenarios of the deadlock problem.
PELATIHAN PEMANFAATAN PLATFORM MERDEKA MENGAJAR (PMM) DALAM IMPLEMENTASI KURIKULUM MERDEKA BAGI GURU MIPA
Authors: Handayani Dewi , Amir Hermansyah , Candra I Nyoman , Alperi Muzanip
Published: February 2025

Observations carried out at SMAN 2 Rejang Lebong show that readiness to implement the independent curriculum and the use of the Platform Merdeka Mengajar (PMM) in its implementation is still lacking. So, it is necessary to assist in the use of PMM in implementing the independent curriculum at SMAN 2 Rejang Lebong. The aim of this service is to introduce the features in PMM for Mathematics and Science (MIPA) teachers at SMAN 2 Rejang Lebong. Providing knowledge and skills for MIPA teachers at SMAN 2 Rejang Lebong regarding the use of PMM in implementing the independent curriculum. The target of this activity is MIPA teachers at SMAN 2 Rejang Lebong. The total number of targets is around 22 people. Furthermore, participants who had received training directed teachers in other fields of study who had not been invited to this activity. The methods used in this activity are training and workshops, guided assignment work and evaluation monitoring at the final stage. Based on the results of the service that has been carried out, teachers are very enthusiastic about participating in the training. As many as 100% of teachers have successfully opened an account at PMM and 85% have utilized the features available at PMM.
PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT MELALUI OPTIMALISASI POTENSI BUAH SALAK DI SLEMAN, DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Ridwan Muhamad , Khusnul Rifani Siti , Ahmad Nurcahya Mukti , Habibatur Rahman Fathi , Muhammad Hasan Zulfikar , Alvin Mubarok Alvian
Published: February 2025

Behind the fertility of salak plantations in Sleman Regency, Special Region of Yogyakarta, there are several problems, including 1) fluctuations in the price of salak fruit; 2) the threat of the Mount Merapi eruption; 3) post-eruption economic recovery; and 4) a lack of innovation to optimize the potential of salak plantations. Kembangarum village is one of the areas in Sleman Regency that needs guidance in optimizing the potential of salak fruit on the slopes of Mount Merapi. The program was designed to empower the community by training residents to process salak fruit, peels, and seeds into various products. The method was through field coordination, preparation of tools and materials, program outreach, training, and mentoring, and ended with program evaluation. The program was implemented for five months and has achieved some progress. First, a learning house for residents to produce processed salak has been formed. Second, the creation of residents skilled in processing fruit, peels, and seeds of salak into various processed products with higher selling value with an increase in sales turnover of around 24%. Third, creating pilots for the residents' home industry, along with an offline and online marketing guide, can improve the economic standard of the residents.
UPAYA PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT DALAM MANAJEMEN SUMBERDAYA PERAIRAN SUNGAI BATANG HARI JAMBI TANTANGAN DAN SOLUSI
Authors: Ainin Dewi Tumatul , Khasanah Nur , Annajmi Annajmi , Jannah Maruddani Raoda Tul , Islamaya Adinda
Published: February 2025

The management of water resources in the Batang Hari River faces significant challenges due to human activities and environmental changes. Empowering local communities is crucial to ensuring the sustainability of river resource management. This service activity aims to involve the community in collaboratively managing water resources (Batang Hari River) affected by ongoing degradation through a partnership network (stakeholders) to minimize challenges and formulate solutions for sustainable community empowerment in river resource management. The activities involve several partners and stakeholders, including the Korea-Indonesia Forest Cooperation Centre (KIFC), the Fish Hatchery Center of Muaro Jambi Regency, KJA farmers, academics, and the community of Rantau Panjang Village in Muaro Jambi Regency. The method used in this activity is a participatory approach through direct discussions, Focus Group Discussions (FGD), and qualitative data analysis. From the activities conducted, through workshops and participatory approaches, community awareness and participation in water resource management have significantly increased. Additionally, the community has developed new skills in sustainable resource management, and cooperation among stakeholders has been strengthened. This activity emphasizes the importance of community empowerment in achieving sustainable river resource management, contributing to environmental sustainability and the welfare of the local community.
PEMBERDAYAAN KARANG TARUNA DESA KEMUJA DALAM PENGEMBANGAN AGRIBISNIS BERBASIS DIGITAL MENGGUNAKAN CANVA
Authors: Muharani Laily , Silalahi Parulian , Andriyanto Sidhiq , Yulianto Yulianto , Agasti Albi , Raihan Asshadqi Muhammad
Published: February 2025

This community service activity aims to empower the karang taruna of Kemuja village through digital marketing training for agricultural products using Canva. Kemuja village still faces challenges in effectively developing their agribusiness. To address this issue, we conducted a training program focused on enhancing digital graphic design skills and marketing strategies using Canva. The training was held at the Kemuja village office, involving 11 Karang Taruna members as primary participants. The program included theoretical sessions on the basics of digital marketing and hands-on practice using Canva to create promotional materials such as posters, brochures, social media content, and more. The training methods included lectures, group discussions, and practical exercises, with the goal of enabling participants to optimally use Canva to expand their product promotions in the digital market. The evaluation of the training activity was conducted using a Likert scale-based instrument with 20 items, where the scale values are: 1. Strongly Disagree; 2. Disagree; 3. Neutral; 4. Agree; 5. Strongly Agree. The average score of participant satisfaction was 4.58 out of 5, indicating that the participants found the training very beneficial and relevant for their agribusiness development. In conclusion, the empowerment of the karang taruna of Kemuja village through Canva training has proven effective in enhancing their digital skills and marketing capacity, ultimately supporting the development of digital-based agribusiness in the village.
PENERAPAN SISTEM IDENTIFIKASI BUNGA SEBAGAI MEDIA PROMOSI DI LINGKUNGAN LEREK, KELURAHAN GOMBENGSARI, KABUPATEN BANYUWANGI
Authors: Mulyadi Adi , As’ari Hasyim , Roisul Amin Muhammad Zainal
Published: February 2025

The potential of natural resources in Lerek Neighborhood, Gombengsari Village, Kalipuro District, Banyuwangi Regency has increased from 2020-2023. However, the potential experienced obstacles related to PSDA branding caused by Pokdarwis lack of knowledge with technological advances. Although branding has been carried out by the Government and Pokdarwis, community income is still low at 18.1%. So, one of the efforts needed by partners to increase income by branding Kampung Bunga destinations using the implementation of identification system technology. The implementation of the identification system is used to facilitate the Flower Group in classifying various types of flowers in Gombengsari Village, Banyuwangi Regency. The purpose of this activity is as a medium for promoting local and national Flower Village tourism. The identification system uses the Convolutional Neural Network method for the classification of six types of flowers in Kiosk Intan. The identification results show that six types of flowers have different levels of accuracy (rose 100%, orchid 90%, jasmine 85%, frangipani 90%, chrysanthemum 90% and sedap malam 90%) with a traning time of 0.169 seconds and a test of 0.171 seconds. While the evaluation results from the Flower Group user partners related to the application of the identification system help in the classification of flower types with an accuracy level of ± 85-90%.
Analisis Penggunaan Serat Tali Pancing Polyethylene (PE) Ditinjau Dari Kekuatan Impact
Authors: Arif Satia Prianto Yudistira , Sugiyarto Sugiyarto , Fitri Arriyani Yang
Published: February 2025

Helm serves as a crucial safety equipment for two-wheeler riders, aiming to mitigate impact during accidents by adhering to the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) 1811-2007. With the advancement of time, the utilization and exploitation of materials such as wood, stone, metal, and various others are rapidly progressing. However, this technological advancement has led to a decline in the availability of metal raw materials, thus one of the solutions to overcome this issue is by utilizing composite materials. This is due to their superior qualities including strength, corrosion resistance, lightweight, and cost-effectiveness. This research employs braided PE strings with considerations of brand, volume fraction, and orientation arrangement. The analysis method utilized in this study is the Taguchi method, aimed at identifying the most influential factors in impact testing. From the impact testing results, the highest impact test value is found in Brand A, with a volume fraction of 4%, and a transverse fiber orientation, averaging at 0.120542 J/mm2. The lowest impact test value is observed in Brand B, with a volume fraction of 2%, and a transverse fiber orientation, averaging at 0.005833 J/mm2. Based on the highest average impact strength specimen values, specimens pass the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) test, with a minimum impact strength value of 0.00972 J/mm².
Prototype PLTPH Dengan Turbin Archimedes Screw Bilah Lima Berbasis IoT
Authors: Pratomo Diah Ambarwati , Fahreza Raya , Saputra Zanu , Surojo Surojo
Published: February 2025

The use of Archimedes screw turbines in small-scale hydroelectric power plants is being developed as an option for renewable and environmentally friendly electricity sources with significant potential, particularly in remote areas. Another advantage is the ease of installation and maintenance of these turbines. The aim of this research is to generate environmentally friendly and sustainable electrical energy using water resources, leveraging the potential energy of water in our surroundings, and monitoring the small-scale hydroelectric power plant (PLTPH) system through a smartphone. Field testing results demonstrate a DC output voltage of approximately 21.50 volts at a 55˚ angle with a rotational speed of 600 rpm. Practical testing reveals an accuracy level of over 90% for the IoT monitoring values for rpm and water flow.
Shallot Peel Infusion Prevents Bronchus Epithelium Thickening And Cilia Shortening In Cigarette Smoke-Induced Wistar Rats
Authors: Bintang Muhammad Farrel Ravidinata Masoga , Dewi Rosita , Efendi Erfan , Helianti Dina , Rachmania Sheilla
Published: February 2025

Cigarette smoke exposure is the major risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, the third cause of death worldwide. Inhaled smoke triggers oxidative stress resulting in airway epithelium thickening and cilia shortening. Shallot (Allium cepa L.) peel contains flavonoid which can neutralize oxidative stress. This study aims to determine correlation between shallot peel infusion (SPI), bronchus epithelium thickness, and cilia length in cigarette smoke-induced rats; and establish maximum effective dose of SPI. Rats were divided into normal; cigarette; SPI 125, 250, 500, 1,000, 2,000 mg/kgBW groups. Two hours after administration, rats were exposed to cigarette smoke 2 cigarettes/day for 28 days. Hematoxylin-eosin-stained bronchus was observed and variable measurements were carried out. Comparation tests of epithelium thickness and cilia length between normal and cigarette group showed significant difference (p<0.05); Pearson coefficient between SPI dose and epithelium thickening was -0.614, Spearman coefficient between SPI dose and cilia length was 0.860; and maximum effective dose to prevent bronchus epithelium thickening and cilia shortening are 1,275.4 mg/kgBW and 1,325.8 mg/kgBW. In conclusion, the higher the SPI dose, the lower epithelium thickness, the higher cilia length. Maximum effective dose of SPI to prevent bronchus epithelium thickening and cilia shortening are 1,275.4 mg/kgBW and 1,325.8 mg/kgBW.
Modified Snakes and Ladders to Increase Elementary Students Knowledge About Anticipating Child Sexual Abuse
Authors: Widyastuti Yani , Setiani Ariana , Eka Yuliasti , Wulandari Diah
Published: February 2025

One in four girls and one in 13 boys globally experience child sexual abuse (CSA), a public health crisis. Snakes and ladders-based reproductive health education to combat CSA. This study examined the impact of snakes and ladders game modification on CSA anticipation knowledge. The study was quasi-experimental with pre- and post-test control groups. Sample size was 118. The experimental group received a modified snakes and ladders game comprising 59 students, whereas the control group received a brochure. The sampling method is sequential. This study included grade 4-6 primary pupils. The snakes and ladders modification group averaged pretest 68.3 SD 16.4 and posttest 82.0 SD 12.5. The leaflet group averaged 67.8 SD 11.4 pre-test and 76.4 SD 14.1 post-test. The snake and ladder modification group increased 13.6 and the leaflet group 8.5. An average difference of 5.1 was found between the snakes and ladders modification group and the leaflet, with a p-value of 0.037 < It can be concluded that snake modification increases female students' average knowledge.
Antiallergic Potential of Quercetin Compared With Dexamethasone and Prednisolone against Histamine H1 Receptors in Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis
Authors: Nugraha Wahyu Cahyana  , Ulfa Elfiah  , Heni Fatmawati
Published: February 2025

Vernal keratoconjunctivitis is an ophthalmological condition that presents significant challenges, especially in children and adolescents, due to chronic inflammation of the conjunctiva and cornea. This inflammation leads to distressing symptoms such as itching, irritation, and photophobia, which severely impact the quality of life. Traditional treatments for this condition often involve antiallergic medications like dexamethasone, prednisolone, and quercetin. However, understanding the precise mechanisms and comparative effectiveness of these treatments is crucial for improving therapeutic outcomes. In this study, protein structure data for dexamethasone (4UDA), prednisolone (8CC1), and quercetin (1JUH) were sourced from the Protein Data Bank (PDB). The crystal structure of the Histamine H1 Receptor (8X5X) was also retrieved from PDB. In silico modeling was carried out using the Cluspro web server to simulate the interactions between these drugs and the receptor. The analysis revealed that quercetin exhibited the lowest Weighted Score of -1810 in cluster 2, outperforming dexamethasone (-1223) and prednisolone (-1372.4), indicating a higher binding potency to the Histamine H1 Receptor. These findings suggest that quercetin has superior potential compared to dexamethasone and prednisolone for binding to Histamine H1 Receptors in the context of vernal keratoconjunctivitis.
Labour Relations as an Exemption from Public Procurement and Their Analysis in a Selected Case from Slovak Application Practice
Authors: Roháč Michal , Gyuri Róbert
Published: February 2025

This paper analyzes the possibility of applying an exemption from public procurement in the form of employment relations, focusing on the specific case of the City of Nitra. The analysis begins with the decision of the Public Procurement Office from April 14, 2023 (No. 12409-6000/2022-OD/6), which questioned the legitimacy of applying this exemption to public contracts. However, this decision was overturned on September 11, 2023 (No. 9766- 9000/2023), when the Chair of the Office confirmed no deliberate circumvention of procurement rules. The article also explores relevant legal frameworks and principles surrounding exemptions under European Union law, examining their application in the context of employment relations. It further provides insights into how exemption rules align with European directives, analyzing their practical use in employment contracts
Regulation of myosin expression in developing and regenerating extrafusal and intrafusal muscle fibers with special emphasis on the role of thyroid hormones.
Authors: Soukup T , Jirmanová I
Published: February 2025

Expression of the muscle phenotype is the result of interaction between intrinsic and extrinsic factors, the latter including innervation, mechanical influences and hormonal signals. This minireview summarizes some of the current knowledge regarding the regulation of myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoform transitions during muscle development and regeneration. It describes the role of genetic factors, neural and mechanical influences and it focuses on the contribution of thyroid hormones to the differentiation of muscle fiber phenotypes as shown by the regulation of the expression of MHC isoforms and development of myofibrillar ATPase activity. Finally, it shortly summarizes results regarding the differentiation of MHC isoforms in regenerated muscle fibers of the graft after heterochronous isotransplantation in rats with different thyroid status.
Comparative evaluation of Acheta domesticus and Hermetia illucens as alternative protein sources for the growth, health, and meat quality of the broiler
Authors: Mustafa Farwa , Sajjad Asif , Sajjad Muhammad , Ali Mudssar , Bashir Hafiza Sehrish , Abbas Muhammad Ghazanfar , Binyameen Muhammad , Mozūratis Raimondas
Published: February 2025

Introduction

Insects are receiving increasing attention due to their potential to enhance farming efficiency and sustainability, mitigate vast quantities of bio-waste, and improve animal performance. It is hypothesized that replacing soybean meal with Acheta domesticus will improve broiler productive performance, health, and meat quality. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the effect of the gradual replacement of soybean meal (4%, 8%, and 12%) with house cricket (A. domesticus) and black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) on productive performances, hematology, intestinal morphology, and meat quality attributes of male broiler (Ross 308).

Methods

A total of 350 1-day-old chicks (39.23 ± 0.19 g) were divided into seven groups (five pens per group and 10 chicks per pen) following a completely randomized design. The seven groups included 4%, 8%, and 12% SBM replacements with A. domesticus and H. illucens. Soybean meal was the basal diet considered the control.

Results

The broilers fed 12% A. domesticus, or 12% H. illucens had significantly higher ((p 0.05) live weight, average daily weight gain, and improved feed conversion ratio than the broilers fed basal (SBM) diet throughout starter, grower, and finisher phases. Hematology (complete blood count and serum biochemistry traits) and intestinal morphology (villus height, villus width, crypt depth, and villus height-to-crypt depth ratio) of the broilers improved when fed on 12% A. domesticus and 12% H. illucens meals as compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Feeding 12% A. domesticus and 12% H. illucens also had a significant positive impact on the meat quality traits of broilers, such as maximum redness (a*) and yellowness (b*) with minimal cooking loss and lightness (L*) (p < 0.05) than the broilers fed the control diet.

Discussion

Using insect meal as an alternative to traditional feed sources could contribute significantly to the sustainable expansion of the poultry industry.
Integrating feedback control for improved human-structure interaction analysis
Authors: Lopez Santiago A. , Gomez Daniel , Ortiz Albert R. , Villamizar Sandra
Published: February 2025

The human body, composed of interconnected subsystems with complex dynamic behavior, is often oversimplified or neglected by structural designers and building codes. Human-induced loads, whether passive (e.g., standing, sitting) or active (e.g., walking, dancing, jumping), considerably impact the dynamic response of structures such as grandstands, slender slabs, and pedestrian bridges, highlighting the necessity for their consideration in design. This study introduces three closed-loop control models to represent the human-structure interaction (HSI) effect: a Proportional Integral (PI) controller, the Pole Placement control algorithm (PP), and the Linear Quadratic Regulator with an Observer (LQR + L). While well-established in robotics and automation engineering, these control algorithms represent a novel and transformative approach when applied to HSI. They offer an intuitive and effective framework for modeling the dynamic feedback mechanisms inherent in HSI. The model parameters are obtained using global optimization and curve fitting methods, followed by experimental validation on a test structure. The results of this study indicate that feedback controllers accurately predict the experimental structural response for different subjects. These findings highlight the importance of incorporating HSI effects into structural design, promising the design of safer and more comfortable structures in human-occupied environments.
Molecular characterization, chemical profile and biological properties of essential oils from Chamaemelum nobile (L.) flowers of Morocco: in vitro and in silico studies
Authors: El-Assri El-Mehdi , El-Assri Youssef , El Brahimi Rajae , El fadili Mohamed , Baghouz Asmae , Abuelizz Hatem A. , Er-Rahmani Sara , Lahkimi Amal , Bouia Abdelhak
Published: February 2025

Introduction

This study investigated the antioxidant, antimicrobial, and insecticidal properties of Chamaemelum nobile (L.) essential oil (CN-EO), harvested in Taounate, Morocco. The molecular composition and chemical profile of CN-EO were also characterized.

Methods

The CN-EO was extracted using a Clevenger apparatus. Its chemical composition was analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Antioxidant activity was evaluated using the DPPH assay, while antimicrobial properties were assessed via the disk diffusion method to measure inhibition zones against various bacterial and fungal strains. Insecticidal activity was tested through bioassays to determine insect mortality and repellency rates. Phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences was conducted to confirm the species identity.

Results

GC-MS analysis identified 24 compounds in CN-EO, with β-Oplopenone (18.66%), Spathulenol (14.90%), and Himachalene (12.47%) as major constituents. CN-EO exhibited strong antioxidant activity (IC50 = 135.8 ± 1.03 μg/mL). Antimicrobial assays revealed inhibition zones of up to 20.67 ± 0.58 mm (Staphylococcus aureus) and antifungal inhibition of 40.42% ± 2.82% against Aspergillus flavus. Insecticidal tests showed total insect mortality at 166 µL/L within 48 h and a 60% repellent effect. Phylogenetic analysis of the DNA sequence revealed a 99.22% similarity with Chamaemelum nobile (L.).

Conclusion

These results demonstrate the significant potential of Moroccan CN-EO in phytomedicine. It exhibits a wide range of biological activities and shows great promise as a natural antioxidant, antimicrobial agent, antifungal, and insecticide.
Knowledge, attitude, and perception of Pakistani populations toward monkeypox: a cross-section study
Authors: Yousaf Humayun , Qadeer Abdul , Sohail Muhammad , Khan Maqbool , Farooq Muhammad , Khan Zakir , Fouad Dalia , Liu Yu-Chia , Chen Chien-Chin
Published: February 2025

Objective

The reappearance of monkeypox in non-endemic countries has preceded critical public health concerns. The public’s adherence to preventative measures is influenced by their understanding of the infectious monkeypox virus (Mpox), attitude toward it, and perceptions of it. We conducted this study to evaluate the general population’s knowledge, attitude, and perceptions of Mpox in Pakistan.

Methods

From August 15 to August 30, 2022, 3465 participants in this cross-sectional study provided information via an online survey. The survey has 37 questions divided into four categories: sociodemographic, knowledge, attitude, and perceptions of Mpox. Statistical analyses were performed in Jupyter Notebook using Python 3 and the Pandas, Matplotlib, and stats libraries.

Results

The chi-square test and regression analysis evaluated factors related to Mpox knowledge, attitude, and perception of three thousand four hundred sixty-five participants. Among the participants, about 79.51% (2755) were male, and 32.99% (1143) had post-graduation level education. About 521(99.24) participants with post-graduation education have positive knowledge with a p-value of 0.0001. Approximately 66.78% (2314) of participants answered that Mpox is prevalent in African countries. Almost 85.69% (2969) stated that a virus causes Mpox, and more than 72.18% (2501) said that Mpox spreads through contaminated surfaces. About 60.52% (2097) of participants answered that antivirals are required in treating Mpox patients. Around more than half of the participants, 52.64% (1824), believe that those who receive the chickenpox vaccination are protected against Mpox. It’s interesting to note that most research participants felt favorably about Mpox. Around 90.22% (3126) of participants believed Mpox would be effectively eradicated. Most participants, 86.7% (3004), believe that people should care more about one another nowadays, and 81.36% (2819) believe visiting areas with a Mpox outbreak is risky. About 83.95% (2909) answered that during interaction with the Mpox patient, they’d dress in the appropriate personal protective clothing, like masks, gloves, and gowns. At the same time, 77.66% (2691) responded that they would perform hand hygiene after touching the patients’ surroundings, like beds, tables, doors, etc.

Conclusions

Maximum research participants showed good attitudes and knowledge about Mpox. However, it is essential to start and execute a planned planning framework for public health awareness to avoid the occurrence and spread of Mpox in Pakistan.
Diverse vaginal microbiota in healthy Japanese women: a combined relative and quantitative analyses
Authors: Ito Masahiro , Kataoka Misaki , Sato Yoichi , Nachi Hideki , Nomoto Koji , Okada Nobuhiko
Published: February 2025

Introduction

This cross-sectional study aimed to characterize the viable vaginal microbiota and identify host factors influencing this microbiota by employing a combination of relative and quantitative analyses.

Methods

Twenty-four vaginal fluid samples were collected from healthy adult Japanese women for analysis. Vaginal fluid pH was measured using a portable pH meter. DNA was extracted from the vaginal fluid, and the 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequences in the V3-V4 regions were analyzed to identify bacterial species. Additionally, the vaginal fluid was cultured on four types of selective agar plates. The predominant species in the growing colonies were identified using colony polymerase chain reaction, and the colonies were counted.

Results

The vaginal microbiota was classified into four categories based on the characterization of the dominant bacterial population: Lactobacillus crispatus, Lactobacillus iners, Lactobacillus gasseri, and a diversity group. The predominant bacterial species were consistent across methods; however, the levels of the viable population varied significantly. Body mass index had a significant influence on the total number of viable bacteria and vaginal pH, while age only affected vaginal pH.

Conclusions

Our findings indicate that the vaginal microbiome of healthy Japanese women is not only highly diverse but also affected by host factors such as BMI and age.
Roles of the rpoEc-chrR-chrA operon in superoxide tolerance and β-lactam susceptibility of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia
Authors: Ku Ren-Hsuan , Lu Hsu-Feng , Li Li-Hua , Yeh Ting-Yu , Lin Yi-Tsung , Yang Tsuey-Ching
Published: February 2025

Introduction

The rpoE-chrR pair is a regulatory system used by photosynthetic microorganisms to overcome singlet oxygen stress. rpoE and chrR encode the sigma factor σE and anti-sigma factor ChrR, respectively. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, an opportunistic pathogen, is a multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacterium. Although it is not a photosynthetic microorganism, a rpoE-chrR homolog (smlt2377-smlt2378) was found in the S. maltophilia genome. In this study, we aimed to assess the significance of σEc-ChrR pair in oxidative stress alleviation and antibiotic susceptibility of S. maltophilia KJ.

Methods

Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was used to validate the presence of operon. The contribution of rpoEc-chrR-chrA operon to oxidative stress alleviation and antibiotic susceptibility was evaluated using mutant constructs and stress-tolerance assays. RNA-seq transcriptome assay of wild-type KJ, KJΔChrR (chrR mutant), and KJΔChrRΔRpoEc (chrR/rpoEc double mutant) was performed to reveal the σEc regulon.

Results

The rpoEc-chrR pair and downstream chrA formed an operon. Inactivation of chrR upregulated the expression of rpoEc-chrR-chrA operon in an σEc- and ChrA-dependent manner. σEc activation contributed to superoxide tolerance and increased β-lactam susceptibility but did not affect the tolerance to singlet oxygen and hydrogen peroxide. Transcriptome analysis revealed that expression of the nine-gene cluster, smlt2375-smlt2367, was significantly upregulated in KJΔChrR and reverted to the wild-type level in KJΔChrRΔRpoEc. smlt2375-smlt2367 cluster was located upstream of the rpoEc-chrR-chrA operon and divergently transcribed, seeming to be involved in membrane lipid modification. Deletion of smlt2375-smlt2367 cluster from the chromosome of KJΔChrR reverted the superoxide tolerance and β-lactam susceptibility to the wild-type level.

Discussion

The rpoEc-chrR pair of S. maltophilia was involved in superoxide tolerance and β-lactam susceptibility. Notably, a novel regulatory circuit involving rpoEc-chrR-chrA operon and smlt2375-smlt2367 cluster was revealed.
Gut microbiota and atrial cardiomyopathy
Authors: Sun Tingting , Song Beibei , Li Bo
Published: February 2025

Atrial cardiomyopathy is a multifaceted heart disease characterized by structural and functional abnormalities of the atria and is closely associated with atrial fibrillation and its complications. Its etiology involves a number of factors, including genetic, infectious, immunologic, and metabolic factors. Recent research has highlighted the critical role of the gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of atrial cardiomyopathy, and this is consistent with the gut–heart axis having major implications for cardiac health. The aim of this work is to bridge the knowledge gap regarding the interactions between the gut microbiota and atrial cardiomyopathy, with a particular focus on elucidating the mechanisms by which gut dysbiosis may induce atrial remodeling and dysfunction. This article provides an overview of the role of the gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of atrial cardiomyopathy, including changes in the composition of the gut microbiota and the effects of its metabolites. We also discuss how diet and exercise affect atrial cardiomyopathy by influencing the gut microbiota, as well as possible future therapeutic approaches targeting the gut–heart axis. A healthy gut microbiota can prevent disease, but ecological dysbiosis can lead to a variety of symptoms, including the induction of heart disease. We focus on the pathophysiological aspects of atrial cardiomyopathy, the impact of gut microbiota dysbiosis on atrial structure and function, and therapeutic strategies exploring modulation of the microbiota for the treatment of atrial cardiomyopathy. Finally, we discuss the role of gut microbiota in the treatment of atrial cardiomyopathy, including fecal microbiota transplantation and oral probiotics or prebiotics. Our study highlights the importance of gut microbiota homeostasis for cardiovascular health and suggests that targeted interventions on the gut microbiota may pave the way for innovative preventive and therapeutic strategies targeting atrial cardiomyopathy.
Successful rescue of a patient with cardiogenic shock following traumatic cardiac arrest using VA-ECMO after air medical transport: a case report
Authors: Wu Haohao , Lan Pin , Zhou Kechun , Xie Lutao
Published: February 2025

Background

Traumatic cardiac arrest (TCA) poses significant challenges in resuscitation, with extremely high mortality rates, making it a critical issue in emergency and critical care medicine. Veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) has emerged as a crucial rescue technology for patients with cardiac arrest, providing short-term support for cardiopulmonary failure. However, the successful application and related clinical experience of VA-ECMO in TCA remain limited and require further investigation.

Case presentation

A male patient sustained a stab wound to the left lower limb, resulting in femoral artery and vein injuries, massive hemorrhage, and subsequent hemorrhagic shock. The patient experienced cardiac arrest upon admission to a local hospital. Following cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and emergency femoral vascular reconstruction surgery, spontaneous circulation was temporarily restored, but the patient remained hemodynamically unstable postoperatively. Initial treatment at the local hospital was ineffective. On the second morning, the patient was transferred to our hospital via air medical transport, with a transport time of 35 min. Upon arrival, the patient was promptly evaluated, and VA-ECMO support was initiated within 17 min. After 3 days of VA-ECMO support and 5 days of mechanical ventilation, the patient was successfully weaned from life support and discharged in good condition.

Conclusion

VA-ECMO can significantly improve the survival outcomes of patients with cardiogenic shock following traumatic cardiac arrest. The use of interhospital air medical transport effectively reduces rescue time, providing critical opportunities for the timely management of severely ill patients.