bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In Search of the Cultural Coordinates in Psychology
Authors: Siddiqui Roomana N.
Published: August 2024

Psychology for a considerable period was dominated by the western model. A model that was steeped in the core values of the western world. As these core values were different from those prevalent in other cultures including the Asian subcontinent the lack of fit between the Asian reality and the western perspective led to a call for culture specific psychology. A psychology which was in sync with ,the context in which behaviour was located and being investigated. The realization that behaviour cannot be understood in isolation of the cultural context in which it was embedded enabled psychologist to explore the cultural coordinates of behaviour. The call for indigenous psychology led to the proliferation of research in culture specific issues, but the piecemeal way in which these issues were handled have not significantly contributed to the growth of the discipline. The gap between research and real-life problems needs to be abridged and the colonial hangover has to be critically evaluated. We need to evolve our own template and prototype for studying the cultural constructs. This paper attempts to identify the culture specificity of psychological research along with the domains in which Indian psychology can contribute to the global knowledge pool in furthering the understanding of behaviour
Organizational Justice and Mental Health: Key Concerns in Public Sector Healthcare Setting
Authors: Maurya Vandana , Srivastava Urmila Rani
Published: August 2024

Justice or equity perception is the key concern for the employees within any organization. It has found it to be a major building block for a better organization. Healthcare is a distinctive profession which plays a major role in providing consistent and high-quality care for patients, promoting the public image of the organization and improving patients’ satisfaction. In order to achieve this, the healthcare employees have to deal with the justice or fairness issues at workplace which can have detrimental effect on their physical and mental health. Hence, the objective of this study was to examinethe relationship between four dimensions of organizational justice (procedural, distributive, interpersonal and informational justice) and mental health among healthcare professionals in India. In this study 240 healthcare employees participated. The data were analyzed using correlation coefficient and regression analysis. Overall organizational justice was found to have a significant relationship with mental health, with some of its dimensions including distributive and procedural justice, while the other two dimensions remain non- significant.
The Perception of Stress by Indian Caregivers: A Thematic Analysis
Authors: Singh Garima , Dubey Anubhuti
Published: August 2024

Caregiving may mean direct care of all types also including work done by paid workers such as nurses, social workers, and counsellors. But in this paper the focus is not on professional caregivers, but on family caregivers. Family caregivers are emotionally involved in the process of caregiving, although they may undertake caregiving as a responsibility with compassion still, they may perceive a threat to their physical and psychological being. Thus, caregiving being associated with emotional, financial and social turmoil forms a ground for research in itself. Indian caregivers, accept their caregiving roles, as reciprocity of duty and love, but still, they tend to perceive the engrainedstress in caregiving tasks. The present study, thus, tends to identify such perceived caregiving stress in caregivers of patients suffering from physical chronic diseases such as diabetes, cancer, heart diseases.The sample of the study consisted of 120 caregivers of chronically ill patients; 110 female and 10 males, drawn from some private hospitals in the city of Gorakhpur and Ayodhya.The qualitative data was obtained in the form of narratives using semi-structured open interview methods and observations, thereafter, thematic analysis of the interview transcripts using manual coding techniques was done
Critical Literature Review:Unpacking The Drug Overdose Crisis in British Columbia, Canada
Authors: Stokes Rebekah , Dhungel Rita
Published: August 2024

This comprehensive literature review comprises a systems analysis of the overdose crisis in British Columbia, Canada. This is not an isolated issue, but rather a symptom of base inequities and structural brokenness within our systems. The drug overdose crisis is a deeply human tragedy, and it is indeed a complex and multifaceted issue which requires an intersectional lens to critically understand and comprehend. This review aims to synthesize knowledge on the overdoes crisis in British Columbia with a focus on the roots of the crisis, the solutions landscape for the crisis, and the gaps in programs and policies. Using a Rothman’s community development model, the implications of policies and programs are briefly discussed in conclusion.
A Comparative Analysis of Cognitive Processes of Neuropsychological Endophenotype in First Degree Relatives of Epileptic Patients
Authors: Singh Abhilash , Shukla Archana
Published: August 2024

This research paper quantitatively investigates the cognitive processes in first-degree relatives of individuals with epilepsy through a comparative analysis of neuropsychological endophenotypes. The study aims to identify potential neuropsychological endophenotypes that may serve as indicators of genetic susceptibility to epilepsy. This investigation involved 50 participants, split into two categories: 25 first-degree relatives of epileptic patients and 25 control participants. This study adopts an ex-post facto design with a cross-sectional approach to compare cognitive dimensions, encompassing memory, attention, executive functions, and other relevant domains. The results of the independent sample ttests suggest robust differences in cognitive performance between the studied groups across multiple domains, supporting the notion that the groups significantly differ in their cognitive abilities.
Relationship of Workplace Spirituality with Self-Efficacy and Psychological Well-being among Working Professionals
Authors: Sharma Priya Dubey , Tripathi K.N.
Published: August 2024

The present research makes an attempt to examine the relationships between workplace spirituality, self-efficacy, and psychological well-being among professionals working in the banking and information technology (IT) sectors. The study also aims to explore the role of workplace spirituality in psychological well-being and self-efficacy. The sample consisted of two hundred male and female professionals from the IT (N = 100) and banking sectors (N = 100), working in executive and non-executive categories. We gathered information using the standardized measures of workplace spirituality, self-efficacy, and psychological well-being. The results were analysed using co-relational and regression analyses. The pattern of results indicated a positive pattern of correlation between dimensions of spirituality. Results also displayed a significant positive relationship between work place spirituality and its dimensions with the dimensions of psychological well-being and self-efficacy. The study findings also support that spirituality significantly contributed to the psychological well-being and self-efficacy of the participants. Thus, the findings supported the importance of workplace spirituality in determining a sense of perceived psychological well-being and self-efficacy. The results are discussed in light of contextual variables and the nature of the job.
Radiological imaging and interventional procedures of the thorax in children
Authors: Beyoglu Rana
Published: August 2024

The thoracic region in pediatric patients poses unique diagnostic and interventional challenges, necessitating specialized approaches in radiological imaging and procedures. This review provides an overview of the key considerations, techniques, and clinical significance in the field of pediatric thoracic radiology and interventions. We discuss the importance of age-appropriate imaging modalities and the application of advanced technologies in assessing a wide range of thoracic conditions in children, including congenital anomalies, infections, neoplasms, and trauma. Furthermore, we highlight the evolving role of minimally invasive interventional procedures in the management of pediatric thoracic disorders. As the understanding of pediatric thoracic pathology continues to expand, this review aims to guide healthcare professionals, radiologists, and pediatricians in delivering optimal care to children with thoracic concerns.
Congenital pulmonary malformations
Authors: Kumbasar Ulaş
Published: August 2024

There are many congenital anomalies of the lung, some of which have no clinical symptoms and are detected incidentally, while others, particularly in the neonatal and infant period, are recognized by their typical signs, symptoms, and radiological appearance. Some congenital lung anomalies are so important that they can cause the death of the patient if not diagnosed and treated early. Classification of congenital lung anomalies is difficult since these anomalies may be related to the airway, arterial and venous vascular system, pulmonary parenchyma, and primitive anterior intestinal anomalies from which the lung originates, and some anomalies may have several etiologic origins. In this review, all subgroups of congenital pulmonary malformations will be discussed.
Pneumothorax and pneumomediastinum in children
Authors: Aker Cemal
Published: August 2024

Pneumothorax is a condition that describes the presence of air between the visceral and parietal pleura sheets and the consequent collapse of the lungs. The collapse of the lungs can be partial or total and can present in different clinical stages, such as a high-pressure pneumothorax that can cause a mediastinal shift. Pneumomediastinum is the presence of free air between the mediastinal tissues due to various causes. It can manifest spontaneously and be minimally symptomatic but can also develop due to severe complications. Its etiology includes numerous iatrogenic and traumatic factors. Although spontaneous pneumothorax and pneumomediastinum that develop in childhood are similar to adult patients, it is important to determine the appropriate treatment strategy in addition to the age group, the effectiveness of the treatment, the role of the applied treatment in reducing recurrence, and the etiology-oriented treatments if there is an underlying pathology.
Empyema in children
Authors: Kuru Murat
Published: August 2024

Empyema is the infection of the fluid in the pleural space due to different causes. The most common cause of empyema in children is parapneumonic effusion. Although its frequency has decreased significantly with the use of antibiotics, it is still a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The main aim in the treatment of empyema is to drain the pleural cavity to provide reexpansion of the compressed lung, to treat the parenchymal infection with appropriate antibiotic therapy, and to prevent complications that may develop in the acute and chronic periods. Treatment options for this disease vary depending on the stage of the disease. Treatment success in childhood empyema detected at an early stage is high. The diagnosis and treatment of empyema in children differs from adults. Due to rapid tissue regeneration in childhood, healing can occur without the need for aggressive treatment options.
Surgical esophageal diseases in children
Authors: Pirzirenli Mehmet Gökhan
Published: August 2024

Pediatric age esophageal diseases are rare and complex clinical conditions. Treatment options should be individually determined for the patient. The advances in the follow-up and treatment process is the most important reason for the increase in survival time, particularly for congenital pediatric surgical diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the general characteristics of pediatric surgical esophageal diseases in light of the literature.
Pediatric mediastinal tumors
Authors: Soysal Ömer
Published: August 2024

Mediastinal tumors are the most common thoracic tumor in the pediatric population. They include a spectrum of tumors, and most are malignant. These lesions can be anatomically and radiologically classified by means of compartments; anterior, middle, and posterior. Symptoms, signs, localization of the tumor, age of the child, and tumor markers are key points of diagnosis. Surgical approaches are typically needed for diagnosis, but sometimes tru-cut needle biopsies may be sufficient. Mediastinoscopy, mediastinotomy, and video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery may be used in the diagnostic workup of mediastinal tumors in children as they are used in adults. Frequently, diagnosis and treatment are both established by means of surgery. Surgery remains the mainstay of treatment of most benign and malignant nonlymphoid tumors. Combined modality of treatment incorporating chemotherapy and radiotherapy is often required in malignant tumors and is associated with high survival rates in these patients.
Caso clínico: Pertinencia cultural en la atención en salud, en el servicio de Pediatría CAPLC
Authors: Venegas Arluciaga Florencia
Published: August 2024

La interculturalidad y pertinencia cultural en la atención en salud, son conceptos con una larga trayectoria en los territorios de población con diversidad étnica, que se mantienen en contínuo análisis, debate y reformulación. Asimismo, sus aplicaciones concretas difieren según distintos factores temporales, territoriales, sociales e institucionales. Este caso clínico, construido con metodologías antropológicas, tales como observación participante y entrevista en profundidad, se presenta una experiencia de atención en salud con pertinencia cultural en el Complejo Asistencial Padre las Casas, con el objetivo de visibilizar la concreción de las políticas públicas y las iniciativas sociales en torno a estas temáticas, y cómo las herramientas que se entregan a prestadores y usuarios representan un incremento en la calidad de la atención que brinda el sistema público. De este proceso, se rescatan conceptos fundamentales del Mapuche Kimün, junto a elementos que posibilitan este modelo de atención y los desafíos aún pendientes. Además, se presentan algunas condiciones faltantes para poder plantear la existencia de interculturalidad en la atención en salud, y cómo el intentar aproximarnos a ésta puede conducir a una comprensión más amplia de la salud, que se despliega en las distintas dimensiones de la vida cotidiana.
Consideraciones éticas sobre la utilización de la inteligencia artificial en la atención clínica
Authors: Echeverria Bunster Carlos , Rojas O. Alberto , Arriagada U. Anamaria , Salinas R. Rodrigo , Taboada R. Paulina , Ruiz-Esquide S. Gonzalo , Rodríguez S. María Ángeles , Borja R. Hernán
Published: August 2024

El desarrollo de la llamada “Inteligencia Artificial” (IA) y algunos resultados promisorios motivan una reflexión sobre las aplicaciones de la IA al cuidado de la salud de las personas, sus ventajas potenciales, eventuales inconvenientes, posibles  repercusiones sobre la relación médico-paciente,  el ejercicio y naturaleza de la Medicina y problemas epistémicos relevantes.
Se mencionan ciertas condiciones éticas, estimadas necesarias para la introducción de IA en la práctica clínica, relevando la necesidad de aumentar el conocimiento de todos los involucrados sobre sus criterios decisionales, responsabilidades de quienes los aplican y necesidad de controles objetivos sobre los resultados obtenidos, respetando siempre la dignidad personal.
La muerte tibia y la diseminación de la vida: Una etnografía sobre el proceso de donación y procuramiento de órganos
Authors: Guzmán Santoro Fernanda , Araneda Meckes Valeria
Published: August 2024

Este artículo recoge y analiza algunos de los resultados de una etnografía realizada entre 2022 y 2023 en Santiago de Chile, que explora el proceso de procuramiento y donación de órganos y tejidos a partir de las experiencias de familias de donantes y del personal de salud encargado de su coordinación al interior de los hospitales. La investigación surge por mandato de la Comisión de Trasplantes del Colegio Médico de Chile, con el propósito de indagar en las percepciones y prácticas que se despliegan en la interacción entre las coordinaciones de procuramiento y las familias de los donantes, interacción que se inicia con el diagnóstico de muerte encefálica de un paciente. A través del trabajo de campo etnográfico, se profundiza en la comprensión de las experiencias de las personas involucradas en este proceso, revelando factores cruciales en la decisión de llevar a cabo o no la donación de órganos de un ser querido y, en última instancia, se busca impulsar un diálogo sobre cómo los equipos de salud pueden mejorar su enfoque en torno al procuramiento de órganos.
Thirty pyrenomycetoid Ascomycota species new to Norway from a workshop in Horten, May 2-5, 2023
Authors: Andreasen Mathias , Andersson Roger , Friebes Gernot , Gilbert Katrin , Johannesen Edvin , Kinnerbäck Karl Soler , Mlčoch Patrik , Voglmayr Hermann , Wergen Björn , Nordén Björn
Published: August 2024

During a workshop with invited international experts, we found 30 pyrenomycetoid ascomycete species new to Norway, whereof 16 new to Scandinavia and one new to Europe. These are presented here with short notes on their micromorphology, ecology, and occurrence in Fennoscandia, some also with photos.
Analysis of bacteremia risks associated with dental procedures
Authors: Culqui Molina Washington Paul , San Lucas Coque Segundo Moisés , Duran Maldonado Samira Alejandra , Freire Herrera Daniela Alexandra
Published: August 2024

In the context of dentistry, it is crucial to note that more than 60 % of blood cultures obtained after oral surgical interventions and dental extractions have demonstrated the presence of anaerobic bacteria, indicating predominantly or mixed anaerobic bacteremia. Given this situation, current research seeks to identify the dental procedures with the highest risk of inducing bacteremia. The methodology used included a systematic review of the literature, thus ensuring the timeliness and relevance of the data collected. Additionally, the TOPSIS method was applied, a multi-criteria decision approach particularly suitable for handling complex situations involving several factors. The results revealed that dental implants and scaling and root planning were associated with a moderate risk, while oral surgery and periodontal treatment showed the highest risks, underscoring the need to implement rigorous preventive strategies. This study emphasizes the need to adapt prophylaxis and post-procedure management to the individual characteristics of the patient and the type of intervention performed, guiding towards the improvement of dental care and the implementation of more effective prevention protocols
A survey on the ecological niche characteristics of mosquitoes in mountainous populated areas in Southwest China: a case study of the Lancang River Basin in Western Yunnan Province
Authors: Xue Hanyang
Published: August 2024

This study used the Lancang River Basin in western Yunnan Province as the study region to conduct a survey of mosquitoes that engage in nighttime blood-sucking activities in order to investigate the ecological niche characteristics of mosquitoes in mountainous residential areas in southwest China. The survey in the residential sections of the basin was sampled, classified, identified, and statistically analysed using the lamp trapping method. The findings indicated that we had 180,000 mosquitoes from 46 different genera. Among them, Anopheles sinensis was the next most prevalent species with 10,25 % of the total, followed in numerical order by Culex tritaeniorhynchus, which accounted for 78,80 % of the whole. Anopheles vaginalis, Culex brown-headed, and Aedes annoyance were among the other frequent species. Culex tritaeniorhynchus was the mosquito species with the broadest distribution over latitudinal and altitudinal gradients, out of 46 species. Only 15 % of mosquito species had an ecotope width index that was higher along the altitudinal gradient than it was along the latitudinal gradient, indicating that most mosquito species had relatively modest ecotope widths. The latitudinal dimension of a species' ecotope widths was often larger than the altitudinal dimension
Research Report: The empathy of university teachers in education degrees as a key competence for sustainable and humanized education
Authors:   Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, University of Granada, Granada, Villena-Martínez Dolores , Molina-Muñoz David ,   Department of Mathematics Didactics, University of Granada, Spain, Linares-Baeza Lorena ,   International University of Valencia, Spain, Burgos-García Antonio ,   Department of Didactics and School Organization, University of Granada, Spain
Published: August 2024

Transversal competences are essential for the sustainability of higher education degrees, particularly programmes which prepare students to serve as educators at critical developmental stages. This study aimed to determine the empathic profiles of 206 university teachers in Early Childhood and Primary Education degrees at a Spanish university. The Interpersonal Reactivity Index scale was used to measure empathy whilst data was also collected on sociodemographic and work-related information. The results revealed that the participants showed high empathy values across all dimensions except for empathic stress, indicating signs of healthy empathy. Additionally, differences were observed according to gender. The implications of the results are discussed in terms of the benefits of fostering empathy as a transversal competence in both teachers and students in teacher education programmes Keywords: Empathy, higher education, teacher education, transversal competencies
PARADOXO ENTRE A PRODUÇÃO AGRÍCOLA E A INSEGURANÇA ALIMENTAR
Authors: Dalbianco Vinicius Piccin , Soares Neto Alberto Gonçalves , Oliveira Nádia Rosana Fernandes de , Corrêa José Carlos Severo
Published: August 2024

: O presente artigo discute o paradoxo entre a expressiva produção agrícola brasileira e a situação da insegurança alimentar no Brasil. Para tanto, foram utilizados artigos científicos e dados de pesquisa de órgãos nacionais de forma quantitativa, qualitativa e exploratória. A abordagem da análise levou em consideração as temáticas da produção agrícola, da fome e das contradições entre o que se produz e o que se consome. Os dados apontaram que, no ano de 2022, a área total cultivada foi de 63,6 milhões de hectares, resultando em 312,4 milhões de toneladas de alimentos produzidos. Em contrapartida, 28% da população brasileira se encontrava no grau leve na escala de insegurança alimentar, 15,2% em grau moderado e 15,5% no grau mais grave, sendo que nesta fase a maioria da população passa fome. Tal situação se deve ao enfraquecimento das políticas públicas voltadas à produção, beneficiamento/processamento, abastecimento e consumo de alimentos. Pode-se constatar que a gestão adequada das políticas públicas, com a finalidade de assegurar o direito humano à alimentação adequada e a garantia de segurança alimentar e nutricional, influenciam diretamente na melhoria destes indicadores, em conjunto com o fortalecimento da agricultura familiar e rural.
Mycelium Garden
Authors: Fierro David , Schuh Diane
Published: August 2024

Ce projet, développé dans le cadre de l’appel à projet de recherche « Symbiose » de l’EUR ArTec, se concentre sur l’interaction entre l’humain et un réseau de mycélium. Il cherche à comprendre et utiliser les expressions électriques du mycélium dans une perspective musicale. La méthodologie repose sur une recherche de « connaissance objective » (Popper, 1985), étudiant les interactions avec le mycélium par un processus expérimental. Le projet explore la création d’assemblages pour rendre cette interaction sensible et audible. Il interroge les interfaces et les transductions dans des interactions interspécifiques, mettant en lumière l’importance de reconnaître l’altérité des êtres non-humains. L’installation souligne la nécessité de développer des protocoles de recherche guidés par un principe de « verisimilitude » dans le contexte d’un projet écologique d’attention au vivant.
Uso de las Tecnologías en el desarrollo de las competencias de Diseño en los estudiantes de Mercadotecnia
Authors: Chávez Rojas Eva Rosario , Mendoza Vargas Emma Yolanda , Castillo Plaza Iris Aracely
Published: August 2024

Las tecnologías digitales han transformado la forma en que los estudiantes adquieren habilidades y conocimientos, brindándoles herramientas y recursos innovadores para potenciar su creatividad. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar el impacto de estas tecnologías en los estudiantes de mercadotecnia, en el desarrollo de sus competencias de diseño. Para ello; se describen las variables clave que influyen en este proceso, la adquisición de habilidades técnicas, la estimulación de la creatividad y la capacidad de adaptación al cambio. La metodología utilizada, es la revisión sistemática de literatura y de estudios previos relacionados con la temática estudiada, utilizando un enfoque cualitativo para analizar y sintetizar la información recopilada. Los resultados encontrados evidenciaron que las herramientas digitales facilitan la adquisición de habilidades técnicas, estimulan la creatividad y permitiendo una mejor adaptación al cambio, contrapuesto con esto; la dependencia excesiva de las herramientas digitales puede limitar la exploración de técnicas tradicionales y restringir la creatividad, Se concluye; que es fundamental el equilibrio del uso de tecnologías y los enfoques tradicionales del diseño, ya que permiten una formación integral los estudiantes, otorgándoles las herramientas y el conocimiento necesarios para enfrentar los desafíos actuales y futuros del la industria de la mercadotecnia, en el ámbito educativo y laboral.
Efectividad del Programa Presupuestal Enfermedades Metaxénicas y Zoonosis en la Red de Servicios de Salud Cusco VRAEM, 2023
Authors: Garcia Cueto Alexandra Esthefania
Published: August 2024

En los últimos tiempos se han realizado grandes esfuerzos para implementar el PpR en gran parte del mundo esto implica como estrategia de gestión a los programas presupuestales en salud, los cuales buscan promover la efectividad del gasto público mediante adopción de estrategias, indicadores, criterios que evalúen a todo nivel los impactos o resultados que se perciben en el sector salud, el propósito del artículo fue determinar la Efectividad del PPEMZ en la Red de Salud Cusco VRAEM, 2023. El tipo de estudio fue básico con enfoque cuantitativo, diseño no experimental de corte transversal, correlacional, explicativo. La población fue un total de 147 trabajadores la muestra incluyó a 129 profesionales involucrados en la gestión del PPEMZ se realizó mediante muestreo probabilístico, se utilizó como técnica la encuesta y el cuestionario como instrumento de recolección de datos. Estableciéndose como objetivo Determinar la Efectividad del PPEMZ en la Red de Salud Cusco VRAEM, 2023. Los resultados obtenidos mediante el análisis de regresión logística multinomial indican un buen ajuste de los valores obtenidos, y el coeficiente de pseudo R cuadrado de Nagelkerke resalta que alrededor del 71.6% de la variabilidad en el PPEMZ. En consecuencia, se concluye que el PPEMZ en la Red de Salud Cusco VRAEM desde el enfoque de eficiencia de los recursos y la asignación cuidadosa del presupuesto sanitario no solo mejorará la atención, sino que también contribuirá al bienestar de la población, concluyendo que es esencial un PPEMZ eficiente para asegurar que los recursos se asignen de manera óptima.
Approximation and inequalities for the factorial function related to the Burnside’s formula
Authors: You Xu
Published: August 2024

In this paper, we present a continued fraction approximation and some inequalities of the factorial function based on the Burnside's formula. This approximation is fast in comparison with the recently discovered asymptotic series. Finally, some numerical computations are provided for demonstrating the superiority of our approximation over the Burnside's formula and the classical Stirling's series.
Nutritional and Phytochemical Evaluation of Kanya (Diospyros mespiliformis) Juice: A Potential Functional Beverage for Enhanced Food Security
Authors: Muhammad Hadiza Sani , Atiku Mukhtar Kurawa , Basheer Diya'uddeen Hasan , Zubairu Idris Kaida , Muhammad Salisu Muhammad
Published: August 2024

Study’s Excerpt/Novelty

This study provides an in-depth nutritional and phytochemical analysis of Diospyros mespiliformis, an underutilized fruit, assessing its potential as a functional beverage to improve food security and human nutrition.
By evaluating both fresh and dried forms of the fruit for proximate, mineral, vitamin, and phytochemical content, the research offers comprehensive data on its nutritional value and antioxidant activity.
Furthermore, the study highlights the fruit's potential to address malnutrition, serve as a cost-effective raw material for juice production, and contribute to health maintenance and disease prevention, including the management of osteomalacia due to its moderate calcium content.

Full Abstract
Diospyros mespiliformis is a fruit not used much but has remarkable micronutrients and a phytochemical composition that may improve food security and human nutrition. Diospyros mespiliformis is an indigenous wild- tree whose importance has not been fully explored. This study aimed to assess the nutritional qualities of kanya and kanya juice for potential usage as a functional beverage. Riped and dried samples of the fruits were collected from a forest in Wudil Kano state. Fruit pulp and fresh and dried kanya peel were assessed for their proximate and mineral contents using standard procedure. Juice from the fresh pulp, peel, and pulp and the dried pulp, peel, and pulp alone were made, and their phytochemicals, vitamins, physicochemical, antioxidant activity, and sensory qualities were analyzed. The results obtained from the proximate analysis were: moisture content (4.92 – 65.20%), Ash (0.44 – 0.88%), Fiber (0.29 – 2.60%), Fat (1.41 – 6.76%), Protein (0.90 – 6.86%) and Carbohydrate (31.72 – 86.56%). The mineral analysed were: Calcium (16.27 to 62.03 mg/100g), Potassium (495.55 – 1891.00mg/100g), magnesium (9.050 –9.841 mg/100g), Sodium (12.840 – 46.643mg/100g) and Zinc (0.534 – 1.111mg/100g) are both found in good amounts in kanya fruit. The Vitamins analysed were:  Vitamin B1 (0.120 – 0.147mg/100g.), Vitamin B2 (0.03-0.071mg/100g), Vitamin B3( 1.68- - 4.29mg/100g), Vitamin B6(0.11- 0.277mg/100g) and Vitamin C (23.20- 45.92mg/100g). Phytochemicals analysed were: Flavonoids (4.941 – 5.369mg/100g), Tannins (27.649 – 94.434mg/100g), Alkaloids (90.511 – 0.562mg/100g), Saponins (18.760-256.000mg/100g), and Steroids (0.150-2.115mg/100g). The findings suggest that Diospyros mespiliformis fruit juice consumption could overcome malnutrition, maintain a healthy state, and prevent various diseases. Furthermore, the fruit can be used as new food ingredients for formulation. It is another less expensive source of raw materials for juice production, and juice is enjoyed for its unique qualities and sensory advantage. Its moderate calcium value could also be used to manage oesteomalacia.
Antibacterial Activities of Three (3) Selected Medicinal Plants against Diarrhea Causing Pathogens
Authors: Zamfarawa Murtala Saadu , Usman Nasiru Adabara , Adamu Faruk Kuta , Muhammed Hadiza Lami , Wuna Mohamed , Usman Sa'adu , Musa Isah Gummi
Published: August 2024

Study’s Excerpt/Novelty

This study offers a comparative analysis of the antimicrobial efficacy of extracts from Acacia nilotica, Carica papaya, and Khaya senegalensis against common diarrheal pathogens, providing insights into potential alternative treatments for diarrhoea.
Utilizing the cold maceration method and well diffusion assays, the research meticulously quantifies the inhibitory effects of each extract at varying concentrations, revealing Khaya senegalensis as the most potent.
The findings underscore the therapeutic potential of these plant extracts, particularly in developing regions, and support their traditional use in diarrhoeal therapy, presenting a promising avenue for addressing a critical public health issue.

Full Abstract
Diarrhoea is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, especially in developing countries in sub Saharan Africa and south East Asia. Extracts from Acacia nilotica,(Bagaruwa) Carica papaya (Gwanda) and Khaya  senegalensis (Marke) were prepared using cold maceration method. Well diffusion method was used on Muller Hinton agar and thiosulfate citrate bile salt agar (TCBS) and suspension of the test organisms was prepared in peptone water to match 0.5 McFarland standard, each extract solution at 200, 250 and 300mg/ml, was introduced into respective wells, incubated at 37oC for 24 hours. Ciprofloxacin at 8 mg/ml, was used as control. Plant crude extracts of C. papaya yielded (19.05g), A. nilotica (18.67g) and K. senegalensis (13.94g) respectively. The extracts exhibited varying degrees of inhibition against V. cholerae, K. pneumoniae and S. enterica serovar. Khaya senegalensis had the highest significant antibacterial activity at 300mg/ml (36.00±0.81f, 19.00±0.98, 22.00±0.69) and was the most active among the three plant extracts, followed by C. papaya at 300mg/ml (29.33±1.17, 31.50±0.29, 9.00±1.15) then A. nilotica at 200mg/ml, 29.00±0.87, 12.00±0.58, 20.00±0.29. Only C. papaya showed no activity at all concentration against V. cholera. The MIC of the plant crude extracts against Vibrio cholerae, Klebsiella   pneumoniae and Salmonella enterica serovar Kentucky was 0.96±0.04, 0.96±0.05 and 1.80±0.17mg/mL respectively, while MBC was 1.02±0.12, 1.04±0.29 and 1.92±0.23 mg/mL.  In conclusion the three plant crude extracts of (K. senegalensis, A. nilotica and C. papaya) showed varying degrees of antimicrobial activities against the test organisms. Therefore the leaves of the plants Carica papaya, Acasia nolitica and K. senegalensis can be recommended for diarrhoeal therapy in accordance with the traditional uses.
Estimation of Extension of Topp-Leone Distribution using Two Different Methods: Maximum Product Spacing and Maximum Likelihood Estimate
Authors: Habu Lawrence , Usman Abubakar , Abubakar Sadiq Ibrahim , Abdullahi Usman Aliyu
Published: August 2024

Study’s Excerpt/Novelty

This study provides a comprehensive evaluation of parameter estimation methods for the Log-Topp-Leone (L-T-L), Topp-Leone-Exponential (T-L-E), and Topp-Leone-Weibull (T-L-W) distributions using maximum likelihood (ML) and maximum product spacing (MPS) techniques.
Through simulations conducted in R-Studio, the research demonstrates the consistency and adequacy of these estimators, particularly highlighting the unbiased and efficient performance of the ML estimator.
The findings underscore the recommendation of ML over MPS for parameter estimation in Topp-Leone distribution extensions, contributing valuable insights into statistical methodology for complex distribution models.

Full Abstract
The parameters for Log-Topp-leone (L-T-L) distribution, Topp-leone-exponential (T-L-E) distribution, and Top-plane-Weibull (T-L-W)distribution were estimated via the methods of  ML (maximum likelihood) and MPS (maximum product spacing).  Simulations were carried out using R-Studio to estimate the parameters and check the efficiency of the estimators.  As a consequence, if the sample size (SS) increases, the outcome of the estimations tends to the true PV (parameter values), which proves the consistency and adequacy (C & A) of all the estimators.  Similarly, the MSE and biases using the two estimators approach zero, even though some MPS bias values fluctuated.  This shows the suitability of each estimator, and MLE is more unbiased and adequate.  The estimates using MLE and MPS were efficient.  Thus, we recommend that MLE be employed in assessing and computing the parameters of extensions of the Topp-Leone (TL) distribution.
Efficient Removal of Chromium (VI) ions from Aqueous Solutions using Aspergillus flavus: Biosorption and Adsorption Mechanisms
Authors: Tafinta Ibrahim Y , Kutama Ahmad Shehu , Bn Abd Shakoor Mohd Yunus , Musa Hannatu , Hayatu Nafiu Garba
Published: August 2024

Study’s Excerpt/Novelty

This study investigates the efficiency of Aspergillus flavus for biosorption and adsorption of chromium (VI) ions from aqueous solutions, a topic with significant environmental implications.
By examining key variables such as temperature, pH, contact time, and initial chromium concentration, this research identifies optimal conditions for maximum chromium removal and adsorption capacity, achieving an impressive 99.96% removal efficiency at pH 4.0.
The study not only elucidates the rapid kinetics and high capacity of chromium binding to fungal biomass but also underscores the potential of A. flavus as a sustainable solution for heavy metal remediation in water treatment practices, paving the way for future scalability and practical applications in real-world scenarios.

Full Abstract
This study examines the efficiency of fungal biosorption and adsorption in removing chromium (VI) ions from aqueous solutions. Aspergillus flavus, a common effluent fungus, was used as the test fungus in this study. The fungus, known for its adaptability to harsh environments, was subjected to batch experiments to assess its chromium removal capabilities. Several variables, including temperature, pH, contact time, and initial chromium concentration, significantly influenced the biosorption and adsorption processes. The results of this study demonstrate that A. flavus effectively removes chromium (VI) ions across a range of concentrations. The optimal pH for removal was identified as 4.0 and 6.0, with maximum % removal (99.96 %) and adsorption (50.42 mg/g) achieved at pH 4.0. Kinetic studies revealed that biosorption and adsorption occur rapidly, reaching equilibrium after 15 minutes (Qt = 159.201 mg/g). The maximum % biosorption and adsorption capacity were determined to be 99.96 % and 723.223 mg/g, respectively. These findings suggest that A. flavus is an efficient biosorbent for chromium (VI) ions, offering a promising solution for reducing chromium concentrations in aqueous solutions. The study sheds light on the mechanisms underlying chromium binding to fungal biomass and emphasizes the significance of optimizing operational parameters to enhance biosorption efficiency. These results advance our knowledge of fungal-based approaches for heavy metal removal from aqueous environments, with potential implications for sustainable water treatment practices. Further research is warranted to investigate the scalability and practical applications of Aspergillus flavus in real-world chromium-contaminated effluent scenarios.
Microbial Analysis of Street Food Samples from Bichi Central Market, Kano State, Nigeria: Implications for Food Safety and Public Health
Authors: Bichi Usman Armayau , Hamza Yunus Adam
Published: August 2024

Study’s Excerpt/Novelty

This study presents a detailed bacteriological analysis of popular street foods from the Bichi Central Market in Kano, highlighting the public health risks associated with their consumption.
By identifying significant bacterial contamination in 90% of the samples, including the presence of harmful microorganisms such as Salmonella spp., Escherichia coli, and Vibrio spp., the research underscores the urgent need for effective food safety interventions.
These findings contribute valuable data to the field of food safety, particularly in developing regions, and emphasize the importance of stringent hygiene practices in street food preparation to prevent food-borne illnesses.

Full Abstract
One fundamental prerequisite for food quality is food safety.  Twenty samples of street food-fried rice, rice and beans, spaghetti, and jollof rice were randomly chosen from five separate sellers in the Bichi Central Market, Kano.  The samples were taken in sterile polythene bags on ice to stop the growth of bacteria.  The samples were sub-cultured and subjected to the pour plate procedure for bacteriological analysis.  To use pour plate techniques, the sample was serially diluted.  The first and last tubes were chosen, and 1 ml of each sample was pipetted into the Nutrient agar plate and incubated for 24 hours at 37oC before being checked for growth.  The amounts of bacterial growth in each of the screened food samples ranged from 1.0 X 105 to 2.6 X 106 cfu/ml.  Bacterial counts in 90% of the food samples exceeded the acceptable threshold (104 cfu/ml), and bacterial counts in 10% showed low counts.  The food samples identified five distinct varieties of bacteria, including Salmonella spp., Escherichia coli, Shigella spp., Staphylococcus aureus, and Vibrio spp.  Multiple harmful microorganisms were isolated from spaghetti and jollof rice.  The results showed that street food has the quality to spread food-borne illnesses, which highlights the need for workable solutions focused on street food safety.
Impact of Magnetized Irrigation Water Treatment on Nutrients Uptake and Water use Efficiency of Cowpea Cultivar (Vigna unguiculata L.)
Authors: Adebayo Kehinde Raheef
Published: August 2024

Study’s Excerpt/Novelty

This study investigates the effect of magnetically treated water on the nutrient uptake and water use efficiency (WUE) of the TVX-117 cowpea cultivar, utilizing a custom-designed magnetic water treatment unit.
The research demonstrates that magnetized water significantly enhances nutrient absorption and WUE in cowpea plants, with a remarkable 24.7% improvement in WUE compared to 7.6% for non-treated plants, highlighting the potential for magnetic treatment to optimize irrigation practices.
These findings provide new insights into agricultural water management techniques, offering a sustainable approach to improving crop performance and resource efficiency.

Full Abstract
The study assessed the impact of magnetically treated water on the TVX-117 cowpea cultivar for nutrient uptakes and water use efficiency.  The magnetic water improved absorption and nutrient assimilations that sustained cowpea growth.  A rectangular magnetic water treatment unit of 230 mm x 150 mm x 130 mm designed using a metal plate of thickness 2 mm formed an enclosure for twelve pairs of neodymium magnets (N50 grade) of dimensions 50 mm x 25 mm x 10 mm.  Irrigation water was treated with a magnetic flux of 1127.4 G and a mean flow rate of 2.86 litres per minute through the device.  Irrigation of treated and ordinary water was done by applying 1.43 L at a 3-day irrigation interval for a bucket experiment under a transparent polythene garden.  A completely randomized design was applied, and treatments were replicated ten times for magnetized and non-magnetized irrigation treatments.  Significant differences exist between initial cowpea nutrients and nutrient uptakes of the harvested Cowpea as the coefficient of determination was R2 = 0.9801; p < 0.05.  The results indicated that Water Use Efficiency (WUE) for magnetized water-irrigated plants was 24.7% compared to 7.6% for control.  Significant differences existed between their WUEs as the coefficient of determination value was R2 = 0.8130; p < 0.05.  Magnetized water improved water use efficiency, supporting better nutrient uptakes by cowpea seeds.
Ab Initio Investigation of Gadolinium Zirconate Pyrochlore for Substantial Nuclear Waste Applications
Authors: Aliyu Yahaya , Ibrahim Nura , Yahaya Babangida , Muhammad Aliyu
Published: August 2024

Study’s Excerpt/Novelty

This study uses density functional theory (DFT) simulations to investigate the structural and electrical properties of gadolinium zirconate pyrochlore (Gd2Zr2O7), a compound considered for high-level nuclear waste immobilization.
The research provides detailed insights into the lattice parameters, band structure, and density of states, revealing the conductive behavior of Gd2Zr2O7 and highlighting its resistance to amorphization.
These findings enhance the understanding of Gd2Zr2O7's potential as a robust material for nuclear waste containment, offering a scientific basis for future ab initio investigations and practical applications in nuclear waste management.

Full Abstract
Nuclear energy is an alternative low CO2 emission strategy anticipated to mitigate future high energy demand. Radioactive wastes generated from spent nuclear fuel are the major challenge of utilizing nuclear reactors as a source of energy. Pyrochlore compounds are among the rigorous nuclear waste forms considered for High-level waste immobilization. Density functional theory (DFT) based on first-principles simulations was used to study gadolinium zirconate pyrochlore's structural and electronic characteristics (Gd2Zr2O7). The lattice parameters of optimized Gd2Zr2O7 are α = β = γ = 60.0 ° and a = b = c = 7.635A. The conduction band minimum and valence band maximum structure was discovered to be stable and approached the experimental lattice constant. The overlapping of the conduction and valence bands in Gd2Zr2O7 indicates its conductive behavior in terms of its electrical characteristics. Due to a usual underestimating of band gap energy in DFT based on electron exchange handling, the estimated band gap energy of 0.09 eV differed from experimental measurements. In addition to band gap energy computation, the computed total density of states and projected density of states show different orbital dominations and energy levels. The findings showed that the Gd2Zr2O7 ceramic compound had good resistance to amorphization and could be used for further ab initio investigations.
Staphylococcus aureus Contamination of Milk and Cheese: Assessment of Consumers and Vendors Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices in Ilorin, Nigeria
Authors: Odetokun Ismail Ayoade , Adewoye Adeola O , Adetona Mutiat Adenike , Ade-Yusuf Rodhiat O , Raza Ali , Ogundijo Adeolu O , Ghali-Mohammed Ibraheem
Published: August 2024

Study’s Excerpt/Novelty

This study uniquely highlights the significant gaps in knowledge and practices among fresh milk and cheese vendors in Ilorin, Nigeria, regarding contamination with Staphylococcus aureus.
It reveals a notable disparity in education levels between vendors and consumers and associates higher educational attainment with better knowledge and attitudes towards food safety.
These findings underscore the necessity for targeted educational interventions to enhance food safety practices, informing policymakers on improving public health outcomes related to dairy product handling.

Full Abstract
Mishandling milk and cheese can promote the growth of harmful bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), making it important to ensure their safety for public consumption. This study investigated the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of fresh milk/cheese vendors and consumers in Ilorin, Nigeria, regarding the contamination of these products with S. aureus. A questionnaire-based cross-sectional survey of 150 participants involving milk and cheese consumers and vendors was carried out in Ilorin, Nigeria. Data obtained were subjected to descriptive and inferential statistics. Results revealed that all vendors were female, 45 (100.0%), and almost half of the consumers, 47 (44.8%). Vendors 37 (82.2%) displayed unsatisfactory knowledge scores compared to consumers 33 (31.4%), with educational level significantly associated with knowledge among vendors. Consumers’ age category and higher educational levels were associated with positive attitudes among the population groups, while none of the sociodemographic characteristics were significantly associated with practices among the respondents in this survey. Vendors at the secondary level of education were more likely to have satisfactory knowledge (OR: 48.0, 95% CI: 2.3, 997.0, p = 0.02) than those without formal education. In addition, adult consumers were more likely to display acceptable attitudes (OR: 3.2; 95% CI: 1.2, 8.2; p = 0.03) than adolescent consumers. These findings have implications for policymakers, suggesting the need for targeted interventions to improve the handling of milk and cheese in Nigeria while ensuring the safety of these products for public consumption.