bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimized Bidirectional Power Flow Control in Grid-Connected Solar PV-Powered Water Pumping Systems
Authors: Krishnan Geethu , Sitbon Moshe , Vellayikot Shijoh
Published: September 2024

This paper presents a novel method for controlling the flow of electricity in both directions in an intelligent grid-interactive solar photovoltaic (PV) water pumping system. The water pump in the system is driven by a brushless DC (BLDC) motor without utilizing phase current sensors. This design makes it possible to run constantly at maximum capacity for a full day, no matter what the weather is like. Additionally, excess energy can be routed back into a single-phase electrical system when it's not in use. By using this system, users can optimize the use of the motor pump and the PV array, which increases the pumping system's dependability. A single-phase voltage source converter with a unit vector template generating technique facilitates bidirectional power flow regulation. This converter manages the power flow between the grid and the DC bus of the voltage source inverter (VSI), which powers the BLDC motor. PWM_ON_PWM switching is used by the voltage source inverter (VSI) to reduce torque fluctuations in the BLDC drive. Notably, in order to reduce switching losses, the VSI runs at the fundamental frequency. Furthermore, the system incorporates power factor correction, a reduction in the grid's total harmonic distortion, and the PV array's maximum power point operation, all of which enhance power quality. The effectiveness and dependability of the suggested system are illustrated by means of comprehensive MATLAB/Simulink. This work presents a comprehensive approach that offers major improvements in terms of operational flexibility, energy consumption, and power quality enhancement for bidirectional power flow management in solar PV-fed water pumping systems.
Highly porous Hastelloy-X nickel superalloy produced by a space holder approach: microstructure and mechanical properties
Authors: Bętkowska Aleksandra , Podsiadło Marcin , Polkowska Adelajda , Włoch Grzegorz , Polkowski Wojciech
Published: September 2024

Highly porous nickel-based superalloys appears as attractive candidates to be applied e.g. as seals in gas turbine engines instead of honeycomb structures. Among various methods of producing open-porous materials, a space holder approach provides number of benefits regarding economic and ecological aspects of production. In this work, the pioneering results of microstructure and mechanical properties analyses of highly porous Hastelloy-X nickel superalloy produced by the space holder approach, are presented. The materials were fabricated by using spherical fine Hastelloy-X powders and carbamide particles as batch materials. Multi-step powder metallurgy and thermomechanical processing was applied to produce open porous samples having a total volumetric porosity of 50, 60 and 70%. The produced materials were subjected to non-destructive (X-ray computed tomography) and metallographic inspections. Mechanical properties of the porous Hastelloy-X samples were examined in static room temperature compression tests, to discuss the effect of obtained porosity on compressive response.
Do Personality Traits Really Impact Susceptibility to Persuasion in Social Engineering? A Study Among UK and Arab Samples
Authors: Muhanad Aya , Haris Raseena , Abouelezz Israa , Barhamgi Mahmoud , Ali Raian , K Khaled MD
Published: September 2024

This study investigates whether personality traits can predict and impact susceptibility to persuasion in potential social engineering scenarios. It also explores cultural differences in such susceptibility. Data was collected through an online survey with 651 participants (329 from the Arab Gulf countries and 322 from the United Kingdom). Personality traits were measured using a validated 10-item scale based on the Big-5 model. Cialdini’s six persuasion principles were employed as a conceptual framework. Participants were presented with 12 scenarios: six featuring the principles and six where the principles were neutralized. They were asked questions about their level of trust in the potential social engineer and their willingness to take risks. We analysed the data to identify differences in susceptibility between the two groups, and regression analyses evaluated the impact of personality traits on susceptibility. The findings reveal no significant difference in susceptibility to persuasion tactics between Arab and UK participants. Additionally, personality traits are weak predictors of susceptibility to persuasion in social engineering scenarios in both samples. Unlike existing studies, our method isolated personality traits and did not mix them with other predictors like age, gender, or competency. This approach allowed us to scrutinize their pure impact. Scenarios were carefully designed, and face validated to be around the same situation but present each principle alone while neutralizing other variables. Previous literature used heterogeneous scenarios, making it hard to pinpoint specific causes. Additionally, this study includes a cross-cultural component with participants from the Arab Gulf countries, a segment often neglected in research.
Effect of Electroacupuncture on Sensory Peripheral Nerve Function in Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy: A Randomized Controlled Trial Protocol.
Authors: Kumar Syam , krishnan Gokula , Narasimman Prabu
Published: September 2024

Background: Diabetes, a chronic metabolic disorder, affects millions globally, with Type 2 diabetes being the most prevalent. Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy (DPN) is a common complication, characterized by symptoms such as pain, tingling, and numbness due to peripheral nerve damage. The global burden of diabetes has been rising, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. In India, the number of diabetes cases is projected to reach over 134 million by 2045. Traditional treatments for DPN often have limited efficacy and adverse long-term effects, highlighting the need for alternative therapies.
Objective: This study aims to investigate the efficacy of electroacupuncture in improving sensory nerve functions in patients with DPN. Specific acupuncture points will be targeted to assess their impact on vibration perception, hot and cold perception, touch sensitivity, and skin temperature.
Methods: A randomized controlled trial will be conducted with 80 participants divided equally into an interventional group and a control group. The interventional group will receive electroacupuncture at specific points (ST44, ST36, ST43, K2, K3, BL60, SP9, and GB41) three times a week for 8 weeks. The control group will continue their usual routine and receive the treatment post-study. Primary outcomes will be measured using the NEURO TOUCH instrument to assess sensory thresholds and skin temperature. Secondary outcomes will include pain assessment using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Data will be analyzed using SPSS version 16.
Results: The study will evaluate the degree of sensory improvement in peripheral nerves and the effectiveness of electroacupuncture in reducing neuropathic pain. This research seeks to bridge the gap in understanding the mechanisms and efficacy of electroacupuncture in DPN treatment.
Conclusion: This study will provide significant insights into the potential benefits of electroacupuncture for DPN, offering an alternative approach to improve the management of this debilitating condition. The findings could inform future clinical practices and guidelines for DPN treatment.
Awareness and Implementation of Comprehensive Genomic Profiling and Adolescent and Young Adult Cancer Support among Healthcare Professionals in Osaka, Japan
Authors: Nishida Tsutomu , Miyamoto Miwa , Yasuda Junko , Ninomiya Yukie , Kosugi Satoru , Mizuki Masao , Eguchi Hidetoshi , Imamura Hiroshi
Published: September 2024

Background
Comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) and specialized support for adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer patients are crucial yet underexplored areas of healthcare in Japan. This study investigated awareness of CGP testing and support for AYA cancer patients among healthcare professionals in Osaka.
Methods
An anonymous online survey was conducted from January 31 to March 31, 2024. The survey targeted all staff, including doctors, nurses, technicians, pharmacists, and others, from eight hospitals in the Toyono Medical Area Cancer Medical Network Council. The survey included questions on basic demographics, awareness of CGP testing, and support provided to patients with AYA cancer.
Results
Among the 720 respondents, 41.9% were aware of CGP testing, while 20.3% were unaware. Regarding AYA cancer, 60.7% were aware, and 14.3% were unaware. Only 7.5% had frequent contact with AYA patients, and 96.8% recognized the need for more training. Awareness of CGP was greater among doctors (72.5%) than among other professionals (34.4%); similarly, AYA cancer awareness was greater among doctors (73.9%) than among other professionals (57.7%). CGP awareness among doctors varied by experience year and institutional type, being highest in core and cooperative hospitals (80% and 78.6%, respectively) and among doctors with more than 21 years of experience (90%).
Conclusions
This study reveals significant gaps in CGP and AYA cancer awareness among healthcare professionals in Osaka, Japan, with doctors exhibiting higher awareness levels than other professionals. There is a pressing need for targeted educational programs to enhance the understanding and implementation of CGP and support AYA cancer patients.
Mini-Abstract
Significant gaps in genomic profiling and AYA cancer awareness exist among Osaka healthcare professionals, with doctors showing higher awareness. Targeted education is needed to improve understanding and support.
Assessment of the Environmental Impact and Awareness of Waste Disposal in Jos Metropolis Plateau State, Nigeria
Authors: Zitta Wuyep Solomon , Edward Yilni
Published: September 2024

Rapid development and population growth have led to a surge in waste generation. Noncompliance with best practices for environmental waste disposal has led to escalating environmental impacts; however, this practice has drastic public health risks in the Jos metropolis. A random sampling method was used to administer questionnaires to 600 respondents. One hundred questionnaires were administered to the six settlements selected. Both descriptive and five-point Likert statistics were used to analyze the data. The results indicated that females are more engaged in environmental management than their male counterparts. There is inadequate awareness and education about waste disposal among respondents, distance to the point of disposal and inadequate disposal facilities are major factors influencing proper waste disposal. In addition, the findings indicated that respondents are knowledgeable that poor solid waste disposal creates a dirty environment, leads to pest infestations and spread diseases among communities. The results showed that respondents are aware that bad and offensive odors pollute the environment and hence affect their health. It is recommended that communities should be educated on proper waste disposal and its health impact and that environmental monitoring by ministries of health and the environment be conducted for physicochemical analysis of underground water which are closer to solid waste disposal sites to detect evidence of contamination. Monthly sanitation exercise should be reintroduced to curtail environmental contamination, strengthen waste collection and provide adequate containers within communities at short intervals, encouraging both the government and the private sector to increase recycling.
S100A7 as a predictive biomarker in malignant transformation of oral epithelial dysplastic lesions.
Authors: Soparlo Jeffrey , McLean Lachlin , McCord Christina , Jackson-Boeters Linda , Shimizu Michael , Robinson Michael , Tilakaratne Wanninayake , Darling Mark
Published: September 2024

Background: S100A7 expression is increased in oral epithelial dysplasias at risk of transformation to oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The objective of this study was to evaluate S100A7 expression in dysplastic lesions which transformed and to correlate these results with the 3-tier and 2-tier dysplasia grading systems, and an S100A7 immunohistochemistry-based signature algorithm (S100A7 ARS).
Methods: Formalin fixed paraffin embedded specimens from 48 patients with dysplastic lesions that had transformed into OSCC were selected. Thirty-five patients with multiple biopsies of dysplasia which had not transformed, and 25 cases with normal appearing and/or hyperkeratotic oral mucosa were included as control groups. Specimens were stained for S100A7 protein by immunohistochemical methods. Expression of S100A7 was assessed semi-quantitatively and by image analysis for the S100A7 ARS.
Results: The semi-quantitative score had strong correlation with the S100A7 ARS and allowed differentiation of dysplastic lesions from the Control groups. The S100A7ARS was also useful in differentiation of dysplasias that transformed to carcinoma from non-transforming cases (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: S100A7 immunohistochemical staining and the S100A7 ARS has potential for identifying oral potentially malignant lesions that have an increased risk of malignant transformation.
Analyzing Heavy Metal Distribution in Wheat Grains: Insights from Spatial Kriging and Health Implications in Southern Iranian Oil Fields
Authors: Aibaghi Roza , Talepour Nastaran , Jorfi Sahand , Jaafarzadeh Neamatollah , Maraghi Elham , Birgani Yaser Tahmasebi
Published: September 2024

The present study addresses the pressing concern of heavy metal (HM) contamination in wheat grains, aiming to fill the existing research gap by investigating the spatial distribution of heavy metals and evaluating their health implications in southern Iranian oil fields. Using a quantitative approach, we sampled 50 wheat cultivation farms across the region and analyzed the concentrations of chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), and lead (Pb) using inductively coupled plasma‒mass spectrometry. Our findings revealed alarming levels of heavy metals, with zinc exhibiting the highest concentration (averaging 30.169 mg/kg) and lead and mercury surpassing the FAO/WHO guidelines. Hg had the highest health quotient for both adults (HQ: 1.38) and children (HQ: 2.14). Cr (adults: 0.000236; children: 0.00038), followed by arsenic (adults: 0.000494; children: 0.00076), was identified as the primary carcinogenic heavy metal in this study. PCA revealed 48% of the total variance (attributed to As, Cr, Pb, and Hg), while the secondary factor explained 27.32% (associated with Cd, Zn, and Cu). The ordinary kriging interpolation highlights high HM levels in farms across the eastern, northeastern, and southwestern regions. Based on these results, we recommend urgent measures to mitigate heavy metal contamination in wheat grains, underscoring the critical importance of safeguarding food safety and public health.
Effect of proteins derived from dental pulp stem cells on human retinal pigment epithelial stem cells
Authors: Ghafourzadeh Masoumeh , Sichani Ziba Rezvani , Sichani Adel Rezvani , Rastegari Ali Asghar
Published: September 2024

Background: In recent years, stem cells have provided hopes for the treatment of many diseases. However, these cells are not easily replicable and passagable under cell culture conditions. The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of proteins derived from dental pulp stem cells on human retinal pigment epithelial cells.
Materials and Methods: Dental pulp stem cells were extracted following approved protocols at the Stem Cell Laboratory of Biotechnology Research Center under mycoplasma-free conditions. Subsequently, four concentrations of proteinase K were chosen: 100, 200, 300, and 400 µg/ml, and cells derived from dental pulp were incubated with these concentrations in adjacent medium for one hour. The metabolic activity of cells in different groups was assessed using the MTS assay at 3, 5, and 7 days, employing an ELISA reader for evaluation.
Results: The secreted substances extracted from human dental pulp stem cells have a proteinaceous nature. These secretions possess the ability to proliferate retinal pigment epithelial cells. However, by removing proteins from the neighboring environment conditioned by dental pulp stem cells, the proliferative effect is eliminated.
Conclusions: Treatment of the conditioned medium of dental pulp stem cells with proteinase K enzyme at a specific concentration, as determined by SDS-PAGE analysis, substantiates this claim.With the hope of utilizing secreted proteins in the treatment of more diseases.
Cascade-Synergistic Modulation of Intestinal Microbiota and Immune Microenvironment in Photothermal Orthotopic Colorectal Cancer Therapy
Authors: Chen Kaiwei , Liu Yazhou , Zhao Luyang , Shi Mengqian , Xing Ruirui , Yan Xuehai
Published: September 2024

Colorectal cancer (CRC) has become one of the major threats to public health. Surgical operation combined with chemotherapy intervention is currently the main clinical approach for treating malignant CRC. The progression of this malignancy is frequently associated with the disruptions to the intestinal microbiota and an immunosuppressive landscape within the tumor microenvironment, both of which contribute to an increased propensity for tumor recurrence and metastatic spread. However, traditional treatment strategies, as well as emerging tumor immunotherapies, often result in severe gastrointestinal adverse events (AEs) and a dysregulated immune microenvironment, which fail to make significant progress in the efficacy of CRC treatment. It is essential to explore a holistic approach that incorporates modulation of the microbial and immune microenvironments for the treatment of CRC. In this study, we provide an alternative transabdominal photothermal therapy (PTT) for CRC that utilizes a novelty designed photothermal functional assembled drug (MnBV@DPHA NPs) administered orally. We employ PTT to precisely ablate orthotopic tumors, and achieved a cascade synergistic modulation of the intestinal microbiota and immune microenvironment, thereby enhanced the therapeutic efficacy of CRC. The oral assembled drug effectively targeted the tumor, precisely thermo-ablated cancer lesion while sparing healthy tissue. The aforementioned treatment strategy significantly reduced the presence of pathogenic bacteria and increased the proportion of probiotics within the intestinal microenvironment, thereby restoring the intestinal microbiota’s homeostasis. Furthermore, it reshaped the immunosuppressive microenvironment of CRC, thereby maintaining an immune homeostasis. Further research has confirmed that the cascade synergistic between the intestinal microbiota and the immune microenvironment enhances the efficacy of PTT and inhibits the recurrence and metastasis of CRC.
Cosmetic Makeover of Periodontally Compromised Patients using Flexible Gingival Mask and Porcelain Laminate Veneers: Report of Two Cases
Authors: Gilra Shilpi
Published: September 2024

Chronic periodontal disease can lead to advanced gingival tissue loss that can result in problems with esthetics, phonetics, food impaction and tooth sensitivity. One of the most difficult problem encountered in the management of periodontal disease is loss of interdental papillae which leaves unsightly “black triangles” between the teeth. The first step in the management of these problems is surgical correction of the defect. In cases where mucogingival surgery is unpredictable due to generalized recession and loss of large volume of gingival tissue, removable gingival prosthesis is an excellent alternative to correct the deformities remaining after the control of destructive periodontal disease specially in the maxillary anterior region. Gingival prostheses may be fixed or removable. It can be made from a range of materials like acrylic, silicones, porcelain- based materials and flexible resin denture material. This report describes two clinical situations in which combined periodontal/prosthodontic rehabilitation was done for patients with advanced periodontal disease. Accurately fitting flexible gingival prostheses and porcelain laminate veneers were fabricated to restore advanced gingival tissue loss in esthetic area following periodontal flap surgery.  The flexible gingival masks not only help to achieve excellent cosmetic results but also reinstate the functional and psychological wellbeing of the patient.
Exploring Oral Manifestations: Unveiling the Impact of Illicit Drug Abuse
Authors: S Swathy , S Akhil , Nadakkavukkaran Davis , Odiyil Padikadan Naveen
Published: September 2024

Addiction to illicit drugs is a major global public health issue that has a profound impact on both individual and community well-being. Although the effects of illegal substances on the body have been thoroughly examined, little is known about how they affect dental health. This thorough analysis seeks to clarify the complex interactions between major illegal substances and oral health, including both direct and indirect impacts. The review also addresses the effects of substance usage on treatment results, patterns of dental care utilization, and quality of life related to oral health. It emphasizes how crucial it is for public health authorities, addiction experts, and dentists to work together collaboratively to address the oral health requirements of those with drug use disorders.
Liquid Biopsy : A Narrative Review
Authors: HIMANSHU SINGH  , Dr. BHUPESH BHAYYAJI BAGULKAR  , DR. ARUNEE GARG  , DR.URVASHI TOMAR  , DR.ATUL BHAT  , DR.BHUVNESH AIREN
Published: September 2024

Liquid biopsy has emerged as an important diagnostic method in the oncology discipline. Investigation of CTCs( circulating tumor cells), microRNAs, extracellular vesicles, and ctDNA(circulating tumor DNA, liquid biopsies allows understanding of the treatment feedback, tumor heterogeneity, individualized cancer treatment, and lowest residual disease recognition. Liquid biopsies show various advantages more favorable, less invasive, and more explanatory for directing personalized treatment recommendations. Liquid biopsies are being employed in clinical oncology, especially for those patients suffering from metastatic diseases.In this present review, the components and clinical applications of liquid biopsies are discussed so that we can understand about basics of liquid biopsy. In this review, literature or information on liquid biopsy is discussed. English language articles were scrutinize in plentiful directory or databases like Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science, Science direct, Google scholar
Teeth, Tech, and AI: A Revolutionizing approach in Dentistry
Authors: Nahid Shazia
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Digital dentistry equipped with AI based integrated platforms enabled dentists to provide accurate diagnosis, prompt treatment, increased efficiency of evidence-based healthcare service provision. 
Objectives

To explore the role of AI in dentistry with emphasis on public health aspects as oral health awareness, tobacco cessation counselling and tele Dentistry
to reconnoitre the role of AI in dental healthcare services and public health surveillance.

Methodology
Electronic search in various databases with the keywords AI, Digital dentistry, oral health awareness, surveillance, Communication, Dental imaging, were performed such as PubMed/MEDLINE (National Library of Medicine), Scopus (Elsevier), ScienceDirect databases (Elsevier), Web of Science (Clarivate Analytics), and the Cochrane Collaboration (Wiley). 30 full-text articles were selected and systematically analysed and the relevant data were extracted.
Result and Conclusion
AI-driven platform enhanced oral health awareness, services and facilitated automated evidence synthesis in the field of dentistry making it affordable, accessible and available to the public. Integration of AI and digital dentistry holds the promise of revolutionizing the way we approach oral health care.
Oral Myiasis: Case Report of a rare entity!
Authors: Purohit Dr Nikhil , Mishra Dr Manusmrati , Sharma Dr Ruchi , Jain Dr Prateek
Published: September 2024

Background: Floods and severe rainfall are major reasons for the increase in infections like Dengue, malaria, and other parasitic infections. There may be an increase in worm infestations in the immediate post-flood period due to moist conditions. Oral myiasis is one of those rare parasitic infestations that may occur during such events and can be life-threatening to the patient due to its destructive nature. The chances become high if the patient has any underlying condition that can act as a reservoir or favourable host for such infestations. Immediate management of the disease increases the chances of a good prognosis and spread of the disease. Oral Myiasis is still a rare condition caused by larvae of flies called maggots.  The following case report is an attempt to highlight the timely recognition of the disease which came to a private clinic with a routine complaint of toothache and its early management led to the complete recovery of the lesion and the patient.
Insect anaphylaxis
Authors: Pampura A. N. , Esakova N. V. , Zhukalina E. F. , Filippova E. A.
Published: September 2024

Anaphylaxis is a serious allergic reaction that is life-threatening. Insect anaphylaxis is diagnosed in one in 10 patients with anaphylaxis. Timely treatment and a clear algorithm of tactics to manage the condition can save the patient’s life. Diagnostics and properly selected recommendations will bring more understanding of the principles of exclusion of future reactions. This article presents data on the prevalence, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of patients with insect anaphylaxis. A clinical case of wasp sting anaphylaxis is also presented.
Features of supply and approaches to the use of vitamin D in children in the post-COVID period
Authors: Bogomolova I. K. , Peregoedova V. N.
Published: September 2024

Vitamin D is an important component of immune function, and deficiency in childhood is associated with an increased risk of acute respiratory viral infections.   Purpose. To assess the dynamics of vitamin D supply in children after a new coronavirus infection with the use of cholecalciferol.

   Material and methods. We examined 55 children aged 0–17 years (10.0 [9.2; 10.6] years), 52.7 % boys with COVID-19, who received cholecalciferol in a dose of 1000 to 3000 IU for 30 days in depending on the concentration of 25(OH)D. After 30 days of taking vitamin D3, the levels of total vitamin D in the blood serum were re-determined.

   Results. The median 25(OH)D level in children with COVID-19 was 24.5 [23.9; 26.7] ng/ml. 34.5 % of children had vitamin D deficiency status (≤ 20 ng/ml), 32.7 % had insufficiency (21–30 ng/ml), a third of patients had normal vitamin D status (≥ 30 ng/ml). As a result of treatment with cholecalciferol, the number of children with hypovitaminosis D decreased by 2 times (35.4 %, p < 0.05), with an adequate level — doubled (65.5 %, p < 0.05). Depending on the level of 25(OH)D, no statistically significant differences were found in the severity of coronavirus infection (χ² = 0.872, p = 0.929).

   Conclusion. In 2/3 of cases, children infected with SARS-CoV-2 had hypovitaminosis D. Children under 6 years of age were more likely to have vitamin D insufficiency, while patients 7–17 years of age had a deficiency. The distribution of vitamin D levels did not differ depending on the severity of coronavirus infection. Doses of cholecalciferol taken for 30 days were sufficient to increase the concentration of vitamin D in the blood serum of children with deficiency but did not reach standard values in patients with vitamin D deficiency.
Significance of T-receptor and kappa-deletion recombina- tion excision rings as molecular markers in the assessment of newborns of different gestational ages
Authors: Volkova E. N. , Ippolitova L. I.
Published: September 2024

Currently, there is a large number of studies indicating that preterm infants have reduced levels of T-receptor and kappa-deletion recombination excision rings (TREC and KREC) as indicators of impaired T- and/or B-cell immunity. Studies aimed at in-depth study of the causative factors that led to the decrease in the estimated indicators remain relevant.

   Purpose. Determination of the influence of somatometric parameters and prenatal factors on the level of TREC and KREC in newborns, as well as evaluation of the dynamics of these indicators from gestational age.

   Material and methods. The study included 203 neonates with gestational ages ranging from 22 to 41 weeks. TREC and KREC were isolated by PCR from dried blood spots on Guthrie cards. Blood sampling was performed as part of neonatal screening. The estimated parameters were analyzed according to gestational age, somatometric data and prenatal factors (mode of delivery, number of fetuses in pregnancy). Statistical analysis was performed using the StatTech v. 4.1.4 software.

   Results. It was found that the increase in gestational age by 1 week increases the KREC level by 44.610·105 (rxy = 0.271, p < 0.001), TREC level by 27.274·105 (rxy = 0.264, p = 0.002). Linear regression analysis showed weak direct relationships between TREC and KREC levels and anthropometric data. Children from multiple pregnancies had significantly higher TREC values than infants from singleton pregnancies (p < 0.001).

   Conclusion. The immune system of premature newborns is capable of producing adequate amounts of TREC and KREC. Between 22 and 28 weeks of age, the most intense increase in the assessed indicators occurs, after which their levels relatively stabilize. Since TREC and KREC levels tend to decrease in preterm newborns, a comprehensive evaluation of the dynamics of these indicators depending on significant prenatal and somatometric data is extremely important.
Phenotype and genotype features of isolated cystic kidney diseases with autosomal recessive type of inheritance in children
Authors: Andreeva E. F. , Savenkova N. D.
Published: September 2024

The relevance of the problem of hereditary cystic kidney diseases (cystosis) is due to the wide variability of the renal phenotype and the genotype that determines the prognosis, the progression to renal failure as early as in childhood.

   Purpose. To present the results of the analysis of the correlation of genotype and phenotype, renal function in isolated cystic kidney diseases with an autosomal recessive type of inheritance in children.

   Material and methods. in 14 children (from 13 families) aged 9 months — 17 years, the features of the clinical phenotype of kidney cysts with autosomal recessive type of inheritance and gene mutation were evaluated according to the results of a molecular genetic study.

   Results. In 3 (23 %) of 13 families, the family history is burdened by kidney cysts. The characteristic of gene mutation in cystic kidney diseases with autosomal recessive type of inheritance in 13 patients is presented (in 2 tables). Of the 21 identified variants in the genes PKHD1, INVS, NPHP1, TMEM67, 15 (71 %) had known pathogenic significance, 6 (29 %) had previously undescribed variants in data-bases. Variants of the PKHD1 gene were identified in 11 children with the phenotype of polycystic kidney disease with autosomal recessive type of inheritance and liver fibrosis. In the study, variant C.107C>T (Thr36Met) is the most common among children with identified variants of the PKHD1 gene in autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease in 5 out of 21 (23.8 %), c.664A>G (Ile222Val) in 1 (4.8 %), c.6992T>A (Ile2331Lys) in 1 (4.8 %), c.10444C>T (Arg3482Cys) at 1 (4.8 %). Infantile (n=1) and juvenile (n = 2) nephronophthysis were confirmed in 3 children with homozygous and compound heterozygous pathogenic variants in the INVS, NPHP1, TMEM67 genes.

   Conclusion. The features of the genotype and phenotype are presented in 14 children with autosomal recessive type of inheritance of isolated kidney cysts in autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (n = 11) and nephronophthysis (n = 3), of whom chronic kidney disease was established in 13 children aged 2–17 years: in 4 (30.8 %) C1, in 4 (30.8 %) C2, in 3 (23 %) C3, in 1 (7.7 %) C4, in 1 (7.7 %) C5.
Parenti–Migno neurodevelopmental disorder: a case associated with a new variant in the CHD5 gene
Authors: Kudakaeva A. A. , Dantsev I. S. , Voinova V. Yu.
Published: September 2024

Parenti–Migno neurodevelopmental disorder is a rare syndromal form of intellectual disability in children, associated with the CHD5 gene, the prevalence of which is not established. Currently, 16 patients with this pathology have been described. CHD5 belongs to the conservative family of chromatin remodeler proteins, is part of the histone deacetylase NuRD complex, and is crucial for the early differentiation of neurons in the central nervous system and acts as a tumor suppressor. Recently, thanks to the application of whole-exome sequencing, the association of this gene with Parenti–Migno neurodevelopmental disorder was first described in patients with developmental delay, psycho-neurological disturbances, facial phenotype features, and skull pathology. We present a unique case of the disease associated with a new variant p.Arg1521Thr in the CHD5 gene, in a girl with intellectual and neurological impairments, craniofacial dysmorphism, as well as previously undescribed symptoms such as cleft lip and palate, hydrocephalus, and renal pathology. The cause of the disease was determined through whole-genome sequencing, which highlights the value of this method in the diagnosis of undifferentiated forms of intellectual disabilities.
A clinical case of multilocus imprinting disturbances: the first description in the Russian Federation
Authors: Panchenko E. G. , Vasyukova O. V. , Okorokov P. L. , Kopytina D. A. , Sigin V. O. , Strelnikov V. V. , Zaletaev D. V.
Published: September 2024

Multilocus imprinting disturbances (MLID) is a molecular subtype of imprinting disorders (IDs), in which multiple methylation abnormalities of imprinted regions and genes are observed in combination with polymorphic clinical manifestations, including overlapping phenotypic features of individual imprinting disorders. The causes of MLID are mutations in genes encoding oocyte and zygotic factors of embryo development, which increases the risk of recurrent birth of children with imprinting disorders in mothers carrying such mutations. Due to the need to understand the exact risk for repeated childbirth, it is advisable to diagnose MLID in patients with an ambiguous phenotype and a negative result of studies on individual imprinting disorders, followed by a search for mutations in MLID-associated genes.

   The purpose of the work is to describe the clinical and epigenetic characteristics of a patient with MLID.

   A clinical case of a comorbid patient aged 12 years with an established molecular genetic diagnosis of MLID by the method of methylation-specific multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MS-MLPA) is presented. The features of the patient’s phenotype allow us to demonstrate the effect of hypomethylation of several differentially methylated regions of imprinted genes on the formation of a polymorphic phenotype, including overlapping signs of individual imprinting disorders, and to assess the difficulty of making an unambiguous clinical diagnosis for this patient. Pronounced clinical polymorphism, negative results of previously conducted molecular genetic studies on certain forms of imprinting disorders allow us to consider the MLID study as a first-line test for the diagnosis of methylation abnormalities in MLID and imprinting disorders.
Dancing with Falsification: The Dynamic of Chemistry Atomistic Theories Across Centuries
Authors: Fibonacci Anita , Kadarohman Asep , Nahadi Nahadi , Anwar Sjaepul , Hernani Hernani
Published: September 2024

This research aimed to explore the contribution of the falsification process to the progress of science in the field of atomic theory. The analysis focused on the history of atomic development and how this theory underwent a process of falsification. This research was qualitative research using a literature study with a narrative review method. The results showed that the development of a theory, including the theory of atoms, has undergone many improvements. Falsification is an essential aspect of scientific progress, especially in atomic theory, involving testing the theory through experimentation and observation to determine accuracy. In the development of atomic theory, falsification played a key role, as in Dalton's atomic theory. Although revolutionary, subsequent experiments revealed subatomic particles, resulting in the falsification of Dalton's ideas and the emergence of a more complex understanding of atomic structure. The evolution of atomic theory shows that scientific knowledge is dynamic, continuing to develop through falsification. New evidence continues to refine ideas, ensuring scientific knowledge accurately reflects the natural world. The scientific method emphasizes openness to falsification, stating that theories must be testable and can be replaced when significant evidence refutes the theory. This openness is the basis for scientific progress and a deeper understanding of the universe.
Competencia cultural: las enfermeras que cuidan a los estudiantes en instituciones de salud universitarias
Authors: Orozco-Castillo Liliana , Pico-Merchán María Eugenia
Published: September 2024

Introducción: los profesionales de enfermería se constituyen en pilar estratégico en las instituciones de salud universitarias, por tanto, éstos requieren tener competencias para brindar cuidados, desde una perspectiva cultural. Objetivo: describir cómo se expresa la competencia cultural en las enfermeras participantes y la percepción que tienen los estudiantes acerca de los cuidados recibidos. Método: se realizó una investigación cualitativa etnográfica con enfermeras de instituciones de salud universitarias y estudiantes regulares que recibieron cuidados de enfermería en la institución de salud. La recolección de información se hizo a través de observación participante y entrevista etnográfica. La información se analizó en el software ATLAS.ti versión 8.0. Resultados: participaron cinco enfermeras. Emergió el tema cultural: “conozco y disfruto el trabajo con los estudiantes”, “soy amable, los atiendo desde el ser y hago los procedimientos desde el saber”. Esto sustentado en dos patrones: Los estudiantes son diferentes y disfruto trabajar con ellos porque detecto situaciones y aprendo; y, soy amable, atiendo desde el ser y hago procedimientos desde el saber. Conclusiones: la competencia cultural en las enfermeras se expresa a partir del atributo de la amabilidad como elemento central en el cuidado a estudiantes universitarios y su desempeño laboral desde el saber.
Spirituality in the cognitive process and the regulation of digital behaviour: human ethics and machine learning
Authors: Nikolaevna Pokrovskaia Nadezhda , Ahmetovna Beschasnaya Albina , Vladimirovich Boiko Stanislav
Published: September 2024

Regulation models based on the human cognitive systems and ethics are embodied in social institutions. Among the issues of the processes of urbanization, secularization, anti-war speeches, the fight against poverty and discrimination, spirituality became an important subject of research especially in the Post-Soviet sociological space, where the common elements of the social development were widely represented in different kinds of research, but the impact of religion and spiritual activity was underappreciated and was almost not studied. Some of the approaches and terms were borrowed from the Western sociology, as well as the liberal approach of market economy was initially studied on the basis of materials copied from American and European textbooks. Very soon scholars discovered that the notion of spirituality had different connotations on the territory of the former Soviet republics, where the hunger for spirituality was inherited (Mariański 2009: 149-179) since the omnipresent and ubiquitous communist ideology concerned the social life, including the religious activity of the populations of the former Soviet Union regions. Spirituality also began to awaken interest of social science as the knowledge of the organization of social life. Since the USSR collapse, the concepts of, spirituality as well as new spirituality become an important novelty for the sociological science, sociological reviews and conferences. At the same time, spirituality started to be used as an argument in the political and economic discussions that provoked the critics of this concept among scholars as well as inspired scepticism in society. The presented paper deals with the cognitive approach and combines the sociological approach with analysis of spirituality and the economic analysis of the intellectual systems and computing machines, especially, the “cognitive” processes of machine learning with the use of software for human beings to determine the requirements for the regulation mechanisms of the behavior human beings and machines in the digital era.
Seeking a life partner with the use of internet technology
Authors: Rychłowska-Niesporek Agnieszka
Published: September 2024

Since its beginning Internet has been used for matrimonial purposes. The first dating portals were launched in the United States already in the first half of the 1990s. The research shows that the number of people searching for partners and spouses via the Internet has been constantly growing. Searching for a life partner using online tools is also connected with the development of new strategies. The paper presents the results of a study conducted among singles . The research involved a qualitative study conducted among singles in the Silesian region and a nation-wide quantitative online study among the singles using sympatia.pl – one of the popular dating portal in Poland. The research findings show the interest of singles in searching for life partners on the Internet, but also their scepticism about the possibility of finding a valuable life partner in this way.
Beata Tobiasz-Adamczyk, Monika Brzyska, Tomasz Grodzicki (eds.), Neglect and Self-neglect of the Elderly. Medical and Social Determinants, Jagiellonian University Publishing House, Cracow 2019, pp. 318
Authors: Ostrowska Magda
Published: September 2024

The reviewed book summarises the research project Neglect and Self-neglect of the Elderly – Challenges for the Formal and Informal Caregivers as well as for the Medical and Social Care Professionals in the Health care and Social Assistance System, funded by the National Science Fund (OPUS 7, project grant nr 2014/13/B/NZ7/02300).
(Nie)zwykły obszar badawczy. Środowisko naukowe wobec badań nad ezoteryzmem i alternatywną duchowością – z perspektywy badaczy
Authors: Grzyb Mateusz
Published: September 2024

Naukowe badania obejmują coraz to większe obszary świata społeczno-kulturowego. Jednym z nich jest zachodni ezoteryzm. Konceptualizowany przez niektórych w kategoriach wiedzy odrzuconej (rejected knowledge), po wiekach wykluczenia wraca na łono nauki, tym razem jednak jako dziedzina badawcza. Jak wskazuje literatura przedmiotu, wydawać się może, że nie jest on jednak taki sam jak wszystkie inne. Wykluczenie ezoteryzmu zdaje się przenikać również na osoby badające go. Z drugiej jednak strony obszar badawczy instytucjonalizuje się, powstają nowe stowarzyszenia zrzeszające badaczy ezoteryzmu, rośnie liczba publikacji i konferencji. W celu weryfikacji postaw środowiska akademickiego wobec badaczy zgłębiających ezoteryzm zachodni i alternatywną duchowość na łamach nauk humanistycznych i społecznych podjęte zostało badanie. Zadano naukowcom pytania o doświadczenie uprzedzeń, deprecjacji, niższego prestiżu czy trudności w uzyskaniu grantu naukowego związanego z podejmowaną przez nich tematyką badawczą. Artykuł przedstawia analizę odpowiedzi na te pytania.
Investigation of the Expression and Regulation of SCG5 in the Context of the Chromogranin-Secretogranin Family in Malignant Tumors
Authors: Zhang Weisong , Wang Rui , Yi Zhongquan , Guo Rongqi , Li Yangyang , Xu Yanhan , Li Xia , Song Jianxiang
Published: September 2024

The SCG5 gene has been demonstrated to play an essential role in the development and
progression of a range of malignant neoplasms. The regulation of SCG5 expression involves multiple
biological pathways. According to relevant studies, SCG5 is differentially expressed in different
cancers, and its up- or down-regulation may even affect tumour growth, invasion, and migration,
which caught our attention. Therefore, we summarise the regulatory roles played by the
SCG5 gene in a variety of cancers and the biological regulatory mechanisms associated with its
possible promotion or inhibition of tumour biological behavior, to further explore the potential of
SCG5 as a new tumour marker and hopefully provide theoretical guidance for subsequent disease
research and treatment.
Harnessing Nanoparticles to Overcome Antimicrobial Resistance: Promises and Challenges
Authors: Mishra Akash , Jyoti Anupam , Aayush Krishna , Saxena Juhi , Sharma Kanika
Published: September 2024

The rise of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has become a serious global health issue that kills millions
of people each year globally. AMR developed in bacteria is difficult to treat and poses a challenge to
clinicians. Bacteria develop resistance through a variety of processes, including biofilm growth, targeted area
alterations, and therapeutic drug alteration, prolonging the period they remain within cells, where antibiotics
are useless at therapeutic levels. This rise in resistance is linked to increased illness and death, highlighting the
urgent need for effective solutions to combat this growing challenge. Nanoparticles (NPs) offer unique solutions
for fighting AMR bacteria. Being smaller in size with a high surface area, enhancing interaction with bacteria
makes the NPs strong antibacterial agents against various infections. In this review, we have discussed
the epidemiology and mechanism of AMR development. Furthermore, the role of nanoparticles as antibacterial
agents, and their role in drug delivery has been addressed. Additionally, the potential, challenges, toxicity,
and future prospects of nanoparticles as antibacterial agents against AMR pathogens have been discussed. The
research work discussed in this review links with Sustainable Development Goal 3 (SDG-3), which aims to ensure
disease-free lives and promote well-being for all ages.
Emerging Advances in Transition Metal-catalyzed C-H Bond Functionalizations
Towards C-glycosides
Authors: Azeem Zanjila , Maurya Sunny , Ovais Mohammad , Sangwan Rekha , Dubey Atul , Mandal Pintu Kumar
Published: September 2024

This review summarizes the recent trends in the transition-metal-catalyzed C-H
bond functionalization approach to access C-branched (hetero)aryl/alkenyl/alkyl glycosides
with reaction characteristics and proposed mechanisms. Recently, the Transition-metalcatalyzed
C-H functionalization has arisen as a groundbreaking and versatile method for
producing potent C-branched glycosides feasibly and efficiently. Nowadays, site-selective
functionalization of C-H bonds in carbohydrate chemistry is highly demanded, owing to the
intricate and highly stable nature of C-H bonds. In this context, we systematically summarize
the C-H glycosylation of arenes, C-H arylation of glycoside, and Cattelani-strategy
with mechanistic investigation. Also, the applications of transition-metal-catalyzed C-glycosylation
for the formation of biologically active molecules are discussed.