bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Plasma Free Fatty Acid Storage in Subcutaneous and Visceral Adipose Tissue in Postabsorptive Women
Authors: Koutsari Christina , Dumesic Daniel A. , Patterson Bruce W. , Votruba Susanne B. , Jensen Michael D.
Published: February 2008

OBJECTIVE— We assessed the direct (VLDL-triglycerides [VLDL-TG] independent) storage of circulating free fatty acids (FFAs) in visceral and subcutaneous fat in postabsorptive women.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS— Twelve women (BMI 29.6 ± 6.6 kg/m2) received an identical, intravenous bolus dose of [1-14C]oleate followed by timed subcutaneous fat biopsies (abdominal and femoral) and then omental fat biopsy during tubal ligation surgery. Regional fat masses were assessed by combining dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and computed tomography scanning. Separately, we assessed the fraction of FFA tracer entering VLDL-TG over the time representing the delay in collecting omental fat.

RESULTS— Site-specific fat specific activity (SA) (dpm/g lipid) decreased as a function of fat mass in both upper-body subcutaneous (UBSQ) and visceral fat depots. These patterns are consistent with dilution of a relatively fixed amount of FFA tracer within progressively greater amounts of fat. Interestingly, femoral SA did not vary as a function of lower-body subcutaneous (LBSQ) fat mass. [1-14C]oleate storage per million LBSQ adipocytes was positively associated with LBSQ fat mass, but no significant relationships were observed in UBSQ or visceral fat depot. The fraction of [1-14C]oleate stored in UBSQ, LBSQ, and visceral fat was 6.7 ± 3.2, 4.9 ± 3.4, and 1.0 ± 0.3%, respectively. Only ∼4% of the tracer traversed VLDL-TG over 9.5 h.

CONCLUSIONS— The increase in FFA tracer storage per adipocyte as a function of LBSQ fat mass implies that LBSQ adipocytes, in contrast to UBSQ and omental adipocytes, store more FFA in women with greater adiposity. The direct FFA storage pathway might play a role in favoring lower-body fat accumulation in women.
Berberine and Its More Biologically Available Derivative, Dihydroberberine, Inhibit Mitochondrial Respiratory Complex I
Authors: Turner Nigel , Li Jing-Ya , Gosby Alison , To Sabrina W.C. , Cheng Zhe , Miyoshi Hiroyuki , Taketo Makoto M. , Cooney Gregory J. , Kraegen Edward W. , James David E. , Hu Li-Hong , Li Jia , Ye Ji-Ming
Published: February 2008

OBJECTIVE—Berberine (BBR) activates AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and improves insulin sensitivity in rodent models of insulin resistance. We investigated the mechanism of activation of AMPK by BBR and explored whether derivatization of BBR could improve its in vivo efficacy.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—AMPK phosphorylation was examined in L6 myotubes and LKB1−/− cells, with or without the Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase (CAMKK) inhibitor STO-609. Oxygen consumption was measured in L6 myotubes and isolated muscle mitochondria. The effect of a BBR derivative, dihydroberberine (dhBBR), on adiposity and glucose metabolism was examined in rodents fed a high-fat diet.

RESULTS—We have made the following novel observations: 1) BBR dose-dependently inhibited respiration in L6 myotubes and muscle mitochondria, through a specific effect on respiratory complex I, similar to that observed with metformin and rosiglitazone; 2) activation of AMPK by BBR did not rely on the activity of either LKB1 or CAMKKβ, consistent with major regulation at the level of the AMPK phosphatase; and 3) a novel BBR derivative, dhBBR, was identified that displayed improved in vivo efficacy in terms of counteracting increased adiposity, tissue triglyceride accumulation, and insulin resistance in high-fat–fed rodents. This effect is likely due to enhanced oral bioavailability.

CONCLUSIONS—Complex I of the respiratory chain represents a major target for compounds that improve whole-body insulin sensitivity through increased AMPK activity. The identification of a novel derivative of BBR with improved in vivo efficacy highlights the potential importance of BBR as a novel therapy for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
Urinary Smad1 Is a Novel Marker to Predict Later Onset of Mesangial Matrix Expansion in Diabetic Nephropathy
Authors: Mima Akira , Arai Hidenori , Matsubara Takeshi , Abe Hideharu , Nagai Kojiro , Tamura Yukinori , Torikoshi Kazuo , Araki Makoto , Kanamori Hiroshi , Takahashi Toshikazu , Tominaga Tatsuya , Matsuura Motokazu , Iehara Noriyuki , Fukatsu Atsushi , Kita Toru , Doi Toshio
Published: February 2008

OBJECTIVE—We reported that Smad1 is a key transcriptional factor for mesangial matrix expansion in diabetic nephropathy. In this study, we examined whether urinary Smad1 in an early phase of diabetes can predict later development of glomerulosclerosis in diabetic nephropathy and how an angiotensin II type 1 receptor blocker (ARB) can modulate structural changes and urinary markers.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—Smad1 and albumin in the urine were examined 4 weeks after injection of streptozotocin in 48 rats or 6 weeks of diabetes in db/db mice. Their renal pathology was analyzed after 20 weeks in rats or 12 weeks in mice. Among 48 diabetic rats 7 rats were treated with olmesartan for 20 weeks.

RESULTS—Urinary Smad1 of diabetic rats at 4 weeks was nicely correlated with mesangial matrix expansion at 24 weeks (r = 0.70, P < 0.001), while albuminuria showed a weaker association (r = 0.31, P = 0.043). Olmesartan treatment significantly ameliorated glomerulosclerosis and dramatically decreased urinary Smad1 (from 3.9 ± 2.9 to 0.3 ± 0.3 ng/mg creatinine, P < 0.05). In db/db mice, urinary Smad1 at 6 weeks was also significantly correlated with mesangial expansion at 18 weeks. In contrast, there was no change in urinary Smad1 in control diabetic rats or mice.

CONCLUSIONS—The increase of urinary Smad1 in the early stages of diabetes is correlated with later development of glomerulosclerosis in two rodent models. These data indicate that urinary Smad1 could be a novel predictor for later onset of morphological changes and can be used to monitor the effect of ARBs in diabetic nephropathy.
Metabolic Flexibility in Response to Glucose Is Not Impaired in People With Type 2 Diabetes After Controlling for Glucose Disposal Rate
Authors: Galgani Jose E. , Heilbronn Leonie K. , Azuma Koichiro , Kelley David E. , Albu Jeanine B. , Pi-Sunyer Xavier , Smith Steven R. , Ravussin Eric ,   and the Look AHEAD Adipose Research Group
Published: February 2008

OBJECTIVE—Compared with nondiabetic subjects, type 2 diabetic subjects are metabolically inflexible with impaired fasting fat oxidation and impaired carbohydrate oxidation during a hyperinsulinemic clamp. We hypothesized that impaired insulin-stimulated glucose oxidation is a consequence of the lower cellular glucose uptake rate in type 2 diabetes. Therefore, we compared metabolic flexibility to glucose adjusted for glucose disposal rate in nondiabetic versus type 2 diabetic subjects and in the latter group after 1 year of lifestyle intervention (the Look AHEAD [Action For Health in Diabetes] trial).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—Macronutrient oxidation rates under fasting and hyperinsulinemic conditions (clamp at 80 mU/m2 per min), body composition (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry), and relevant hormonal/metabolic blood variables were assessed in 59 type 2 diabetic and 42 nondiabetic individuals matched for obesity, sex, and race. Measures were repeated in diabetic participants after weight loss.

RESULTS—Metabolic flexibility to glucose (change in respiratory quotient [RQ]) was mainly related to insulin-stimulated glucose disposal rate (R2 = 0.46, P < 0.0001) with an additional 3% of variance accounted for by plasma free fatty acid concentration at the end of the clamp (P = 0.03). The impaired metabolic flexibility to glucose observed in type 2 diabetic versus nondiabetic subjects (ΔRQ 0.06 ± 0.01 vs. 0.10 ± 0.01, respectively, P < 0.0001) was no longer observed after adjusting for glucose disposal rate (P = 0.19). Additionally, the increase in metabolic flexibility to glucose after weight loss was accounted for by the concomitant increase in insulin-stimulated glucose disposal rate.

CONCLUSIONS—This study suggests that metabolic inflexibility to glucose in type 2 diabetic subjects is mostly related to defective glucose transport.
Does NBPTS Certification Affect the Number of Colleagues a Teacher Helps With Instructional Matters?
Authors: Frank Kenneth A. , Sykes Gary , Anagnostopoulos Dorothea , Cannata Marisa , Chard Linda , Krause Ann , McCrory Raven
Published: February 2008

In addition to identifying and developing superior classroom teaching, the National Board for Professional Teaching Standards (NBPTS) certification process is intended to identify and cultivate teachers who are more engaged in their schools. Here the authors ask, “Does NBPTS certification affect the number of colleagues a teacher helps with instructional matters?” If so, this could enhance the influence of NBPTS-certified teachers and their contributions to their professional communities. Using sociometric data within 47 elementary schools from two states, the authors find that NBPTS-certified teachers were nominated more as providing help with instruction than non-NBPTS-certified teachers. From analyses using propensity score weighting, the authors then infer that NBPTS certification affects the number of colleagues a teacher helps with instructional matters. The authors then quantify the robustness of their inference in terms of internal and external validity, finding, for example, that any omitted confounding variable would have to have an impact six times larger than that of their strongest covariate to invalidate their inference. Therefore, the potential value added by NBPTS-certified teachers as help providers has policy and practice implications in an era when teacher leadership has risen to the fore as a critical force for school improvement.
Natural revegetation of coal fly ash in a highly saline disposal lagoon in Hong Kong
Authors: Chu L.M.
Published: February 2008

Question:What is the relationship of the naturally colonizing vegetation and substrate characteristics in fly ash lagoons?

Location:West lagoon, Deep Bay, a 13‐ha coastal lagoon in Hong Kong in subtropical Southeast Asia.

Methods:Vegetation establishment was examined in a coal fly ash lagoon two years after its abandonment to investigate the distribution of vegetation in relationship to the chemical properties of the fly ash in the lagoon. A greenhouse experiment assessed the limits imposed on plant growth in fly ash.

Results:The fly ash was saline, slightly alkaline and very poor in organic matter and nitrogen. Ash from bare and vegetated areas differed significantly in their salinity and extractable concentrations of inorganic nitrogen and various metals. Bare ash had a significantly higher conductivity and extractable sodium, aluminum, manganese, potassium, and lead. In total 11 plant species that belonged to seven families were found growing on the fly ash; all species except the shrubTamarix chinensiswere herbaceous. Using discriminant analysis, the most important factors in distinguishing bare and vegetated ashes were conductivity and sodium. Cluster analysis of bare samples gave two distinct groups, one from the periphery of the lagoon, which had lower sodium, conductivity, organic carbon, potassium and copper, and the other from a second group that contained ashes from the central region of the lagoon. Results of the greenhouse experiment showed that the inhibition of plant growth was significantly correlated with the presence of soluble toxic elements in ash.

Conclusion:Toxicity and salinity seem to be the major limiting factors to plant establishment in fly ash, and these factors must be ameliorated for the successful reclamation of these fly ash lagoons.
Worldmindedness: Taking Off the Blinders
Authors: Merryfield Merry , Lo Tin-Yau , Po Sum Cho , Kasai Masataka
Published: February 2008

A dynamic web of global interconnectedness has expanded the engagement and political efficacy of citizens in the 21st century. The acceleration of knowledge creation, the dynamics of electronic communication and the resulting availability of global perspectives are changing the nature of public discourse and action. As more and more people gain access to information and interact with individuals and communities across the planet, they acquire new worldminded ways of learning, debating, and creating which in turn expand the scope of civic consciousness and responsibilities beyond national borders. In this article we look at ways in which teachers in Hong Kong, Japan and the United States are preparing young people to become worldminded citizens.
Ecological context of savanna chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes verus) termite fishing at Fongoli, Senegal
Authors: Bogart Stephanie L. , Pruetz Jill D.
Published: February 2008

Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus) at Fongoli, Senegal, consume termites year‐round. Understanding the ecological context behind this behavior is especially important in light of the environmental conditions at Fongoli. This mosaic savanna habitat is one of the hottest and driest sites where chimpanzees have been studied. Two genera and four species of termites were found in association with tools used by chimpanzees in a sample of 124 termite mounds that were monitored. The chimpanzees of Fongoli termite fish predominantly in woodland and forest habitat types, and, although woodland accounts for the majority of the chimpanzees' home range, forest habitat types comprise only about 4% of their range. Thus, habitat type has an influence on the Fongoli chimpanzees' termite fishing. Termite consumption to the degree seen at Fongoli may have particular significance for hominid evolution, given the expansion of Pliocene hominids into increasingly open, hot, and dry habitats. Am. J. Primatol. 70:605–612, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Numerical analysis of the stagnation phenomenon in the coat‐hanger die of melt blowing process
Authors: Meng Kai , Wang Xinhou , Huang Xiubao
Published: February 2008

In this paper the stagnation phenomenon occurred in the coat‐hanger die is investigated using a three‐dimensional finite element method to simulate the polymer fluid flow in the die. The stagnation zone is defined to evaluate the degree of the stagnation. The effects of the inlet flow rate, the slot gap, the manifold angle, and the power‐law index on the stagnation are then analyzed numerically. It is found that the manifold angle and the geometric abrupt change between the manifold and the slot have significant influence on the stagnation, and a coat‐hanger die with tear‐dropped manifolds to be capable of diminishing the stagnation. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
Polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane trisilanols as dispersants for titanium oxide nanopowder
Authors: Wheeler Paul A. , Misra Rahul , Cook Robert D. , Morgan Sarah E.
Published: February 2008

Trisilanol isobutyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) was used to disperse nanosized titanium dioxide (TiO2) particles in polypropylene (PP). The silanol groups of the POSS cage were bound to the surface of the TiO2 particles, creating a layer of isobutyl POSS that improved compatibility with the PP matrix. POSS was an effective dispersant both when applied in a chemical pretreatment of TiO2 and when simply added to the blend during melt compounding. The average particle size of TiO2 was reduced from 70 nm for neat TiO2 to 50 nm for the POSS/TiO2 blend to 33 nm for TiO2 chemically treated with POSS. Additionally, the POSS coating improved the color of the material and reduced the catalytic effect of TiO2 on thermooxidative degradation. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2008
Studies of performances by the interchanging of the sequence of the photomodified layer in the thin film composite (TFC) membrane
Authors: Yogesh  , Gupta S. , Javiya S. , Paul P. , Basu S. , Singh K. , Ganguly B. , Bhattacharya A.
Published: February 2008

UV‐initiated photomodification by a hydrophilic functional moiety (i.e., acrylic acid) was performed in and on a polypiperazineamide thin‐film composite membrane. The sequence of the bilayers (i.e., acrylic acid and polypiperazineamide) was altered on a polysulfone membrane. The size exclusion order through the membranes was Atrazine > Simazine > 2,4,6‐Trichlorophenol > 2,4‐Dichlorophenol according to the molecular size, which was calculated by the quantum mechanical approach. Apart from the molecular size, the polarity and hydrophobicity of the molecules also influenced the separation. The performance of the membranes is based on size exclusion. The membrane with an inner layer of acrylic acid showed more blocking effect than the membrane with the same layer on the top of polypiperazineamide membrane and the unmodified polypiperazineamide membrane. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
Structural Features of [(CpPPh2AuCl)2ZrCl2]: Exploring the Limits of Aurophilic Interactions
Authors: Moriya Makoto , Fröhlich Roland , Kehr Gerald , Erker Gerhard , Grimme Stefan
Published: February 2008

The reaction of [(CpPPh2)2ZrCl2] (1 a) with two molar equivalents of (Me2S)AuCl gave the trimetallic complex [(CpPPh2AuCl)2ZrCl2] (6). Crystalline complex 6 shows a conformational structure that features both PAuCl vectors oriented toward the open front side of the bent metallocene wedge. Quantum‐chemical calculations rationalized the absence of an aurophilic Au⋅⋅⋅Au interaction in 6 by showing that a combination of noncovalent forces overcompensates any possible attractive Au⋅⋅⋅Au interaction.
Textural fingerprints: A comprehensive descriptor for biofilm structure development
Authors: Milferstedt K. , Pons M.‐N. , Morgenroth E.
Published: February 2008

Automated tools to determine biofilm structure are necessary to interpret large time series of biofilm images. Image analysis based on the evaluation of Spatial Gray Level Dependence Matrices (SGLDM) enabled us to monitor biofilm structure development in response to external disturbances (i.e., periodic increases of wall shear stress) at a large scale (i.e., >1 mm). We applied our method to an experiment conducted in an annular reactor over a 10‐week period. Six states of biofilm development were differentiated by their unique structure. Previous exposure to rapidly increased shear influenced the resulting biofilm structure after additional shear increases. In addition, on the scale of the biofilm images, the biofilm structure after a shear increase was spatially heterogeneous and resulted in spatially differentiated regrowth after detachment at different locations in the biofilm. SGLDM was developed further as an alternative to approaches based on image binarization as binarization leads to information loss for low‐magnification and low‐resolution images. During post‐processing of image data, structural states of biofilm development were identified by K‐means clustering and data display in Principal Component plots. Quantitatively selected representative images were used to illustrate the meaning of the clusters. Post‐treatment of image data was essential for managing several thousands of raw biofilm images and therefore improved the usefulness of the image analysis. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2008;100: 889–901. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Drosophila zum 100. Laborjubiläum. Einfache Versuche zur Molekulargenetik
Authors: Schwarzmaier Walter
Published: February 2008

Seit rund 100 Jahren ist Drosophila aus den Laboratorien nicht mehr wegzudenken. In vielen Schulen werden die kleinen Tiere gehalten, um Experimente durchzuführen. Unsere zweiteilige “Anregung zum Unterricht” – der erste Teil erschien in BIUZ 2/2007, S. 112 ff. – schlägt einfache Versuche zu Entwicklung, Verhalten und Genetik dieser Insekten vor.
Klimawandel und Fischbestände. Hering, Sardine und Sardelle
Authors: Alheit Jürgen
Published: February 2008

Über Langzeit‐Datenserien zu Fischbeständen können wir den Einfluss der Klimavariabilität auf marine Ökosysteme in Zeitskalen von Jahrzehnten bis Jahrtausenden rekonstruieren. Heringsartige Fische wie Hering, Sardine, Sardelle und Sprotte sind ideale Indikatoren für klimabedingte “Regime Shifts”, die abrupt tiefgreifende Umstrukturierungen von marinen Ökosystemen bewirken. Auslöser für solche ökosystemaren Strukturänderungen auf der Dekadenskala sind vermutlich Klimaphänomene wie die Nordatlantische Oszillation (NAO). Die nordischen “Sagas”, historische Chroniken und detaillierte Steuerlisten ermöglichen uns, die Bestandsdynamik von Heringen zusammen mit ihren sozioökonomischen Folgen bis in das frühe Mittelalter zurückzuverfolgen. Anhand paläo‐ozeanographischer Methoden wie der Untersuchung von Sedimentationsraten von Fischschuppen kann das Auf und Ab von Fischbeständen über mehrere Jahrtausende hinweg erhellt werden.
Seitensprung – dem Nachwuchs zuliebe
Authors: Wendler Silke
Published: February 2008

Weibliche Schaufelfußkröten (Spea bombifrons) wägen vor jeder Paarung ab, ob sie sich mit Männchen der eigenen Art paaren oder mit den Männchen der nahe verwandten Gebirgs‐Schaufelfußkröte (Spea multiplicata). Beeinflusst wird diese Entscheidung von den gerade vorherrschenden Umweltbedingungen. Bei feuchter Witterung bleiben die Weibchen artentreu, bei trockener Witterung gehen sie fremd.
Molekulare Cystein‐Uhr
Authors: Feil Sylvia
Published: February 2008

Wissenschaftler der Universität Mainz verglichen Teile des Genoms von 248 Arten mit bekannter maximaler Lebensdauer. Dazu zählten nicht nur Säugetiere wie der Mensch, sondern auch Vögel, Fische, Insekten und Würmer. Ein Merkmal vereinte all diese Gruppen: Langlebige Arten entwickelten Atmungsketten mit Proteinen, in denen die Aminosäure Cystein weniger häufig vorkommt.
Natürliches Herbizid aus Graswurzeln
Authors: Hille‐Rehfeld Annette
Published: February 2008

Der Rot‐Schwingel (Festuca rubra), ein weit verbreitetes Gras, verdrängt Nachbarpflanzen durch Ablagerung einer hochgradig phytotoxischen Wurzelausscheidung im Boden. Der wirksame Bestandteil ist m‐Tyrosin, ein Isomeres der proteinogenen Aminosäure p‐Tyrosin. m‐Tyrosin besitzt ein breites Wirkungsspektrum als natürliches Herbizid.
Vervielfältigung von DNA‐Abschnitten mit PCR
Authors: Schrödel Andrea
Published: February 2008

Bei der PCR (Polymerase‐Kettenreaktion) handelt es sich um einen relativ junge Methode. Sie wurde erst 1983 von Kary Mullis erfunden, der für diese Erfindung den Nobelpreis in Chemie bekam. Diese Methode wird für die Vervielfältigung von kurzen DNA‐Sequenzen benutzt und kann z.B. für einen Vaterschaftstest, zum Erkennen von Krankheiten und zum Klonieren von Genen eingesetzt werden. Mit der PCR‐Methode kann allerdings kein komplettes Genom vervielfältigt werden. Zum Vergleich: Das menschliche Genom besteht aus circa 3 Milliarden Basenpaaren (bp). Die PCR‐Methode stößt bei bereits 3000bp an ihre Grenzen.
Noch unerreicht: immergrüner Brokkoli
Authors: Brennicke Axel
Published: February 2008

Für die bessere Lagerung und Haltbarkeit von grünen Blättern und Früchten wäre es praktisch, den Chlorophyll‐Abbau zu verlangsamen oder ganz zu stoppen. Im jüngsten Ansatz wurde die Chlorophyllase blockiert, das erste Enzym im Chlorophyll‐Abbau. Das hält den Brokkoli aber auch nur einen bis zwei Tage länger grün – zu wenig für den kommerziellen Einsatz.
Light‐Driven Biocatalytic Oxidation and Reduction Reactions: Scope and Limitations
Authors: Taglieber Andreas , Schulz Frank , Hollmann Frank , Rusek Monika , Reetz Manfred T.
Published: February 2008

The quest for practical regeneration concepts for nicotinamide‐dependent oxidoreductases continues. Recently we proposed the use of visible light to promote the direct reductive regeneration of a flavin‐dependent monooxygenase. With this enzyme (PAMO‐P3) light‐driven enantioselective Baeyer–Villiger oxidations were performed. In spite of the significant reduction in the complexity achieved, catalytic performance of the novel approach did not meet the requirements for an efficient biocatalytic oxygenation system. Driven by this ultimate goal, we further investigated the limiting factors of our particular system. We discovered that oxidative uncoupling of the flavin‐regeneration reaction from enzymatic O2‐activation accounts for the futile consumption of approximately 95 % of the reducing equivalents provided by the sacrificial electron donor, EDTA. Furthermore, it was found that the apparent turnover frequency (TOF) for PAMO‐P3 in the present setup is approximately two orders of magnitude lower than in conventional setups that use NADPH as reductant. This finding was traced to sluggish electron transfer kinetics that arose from an impeded interaction between PAMO‐P3‐bound FAD and the reducing catalyst. The limiting factors and potential approaches for their circumvention are discussed. Furthermore, we broadened the light‐driven regeneration approach to the class of flavin‐dependent reductases. By using the Old Yellow Enzyme homologue YqjM as a model system, a significantly higher catalytic turnover for the enzyme catalyst was achieved, which we assign to a higher accessibility of the prosthetic group as well as to the absence of oxidative uncoupling.
Polar Intermetallic Compounds as Catalysts for Hydrogenation Reactions: Synthesis, Structures, Bonding, and Catalytic Properties of Ca1−xSrxNi4Sn2 (x=0.0, 0.5, 1.0) and Catalytic Properties of Ni3Sn and Ni3Sn2
Authors: Hlukhyy Viktor , Raif Fabian , Claus Peter , Fässler Thomas F.
Published: February 2008

The potential of polar intermetallic compounds to catalyze hydrogenation reactions was evaluated. The novel compounds CaNi4Sn2, SrNi4Sn2, and Ca0.5Sr0.5Ni4Sn2 were tested as unsupported alloys in the liquid‐phase hydrogenation of citral. Depending on the reaction conditions, conversions of up to 21.0 % (253 K and 9.0 MPa hydrogen pressure) were reached. The binary compounds Ni3Sn and Ni3Sn2 were also tested in citral hydrogenation under the same conditions. These materials gave conversions of up to 37.5 %. The product mixtures contained mainly geraniol, nerol, citronellal, and citronellol. The isotypic stannides CaNi4Sn2, Ca0.5Sr0.5Ni4Sn2, and SrNi4Sn2 were obtained by melting mixtures of the elements in an arc‐furnace under an argon atmosphere. Single crystals were synthesized in tantalum ampoules using special temperature modes. The novel structures were established by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. They crystallize in the tetragonal space group I4/mcm with parameters: a=7.6991(7), c=7.8150(8) Å, wR2=0.034, 162 F2 values, 14 variable parameters for CaNi4Sn2; a=7.7936(2), c=7.7816(3) Å, wR2=0.052, 193 F2 values, 15 variable parameters for Ca0.5Sr0.5Ni4Sn2; and a=7.8916(4), c=7.7485(5) Å, wR2=0.071, 208 F2 values, 14 variable parameters for SrNi4Sn2. The Ca1−xSrxNi4Sn2 (x=0.0, 0.5, 1.0) structures can be represented as a stuffed variant of the CuAl2 type by the formal insertion of one‐dimensional infinite Ni‐cluster chains [Ni4] into the Ca(Sr)Sn2 substructure. The Ni and Sn atoms form a three‐dimensional infinite [Ni4Sn2] network in which the Ca or Sr atoms fill distorted octagonal channels. The densities of states obtained from TB‐LMTO‐ASA calculations show metallic character for both compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: Infinite Gold Zig‐Zag Chains as Structural Motif in Ca3Au3In — A Ternary Ordered Variant of the Ni4B3 Type.
Authors: Muts Ihor R. , Zaremba Vasyl I. , Rodewald Ute Ch. , Poettgen Rainer
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Structure and Vibration Spectra of the Triple Molybdates Tl5M0.5Hf1.5(MoO4)6, M: Ca, Sr, Ba, Pb.
Authors: Bazarov B. G. , Sarapulova A. E. , Klevtsova R. F. , Glinskaya L. A. , Fedorov K. N. , Bazarova Zh. G.
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Characteristics of LiMO2 (M: Co, Ni, Ni0.2Co0.8, Ni0.8Co0.2) Powders Prepared from Solution of Their Acetates.
Authors: Arof A. K.
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Syntheses and Structural Characterization of a Series of One‐Dimensional Fluorotitanophosphates (NH4)xK4‐x [Ti2PO4F9] (x = 0, 0.70, 1.00, 1.25).
Authors: Yang Sihai , Li Guobao , Li Lei , Tian Shujian , Liao Fuhui , Xiong Ming , Lin Jianhua
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Dinuclear Manganese(II) Complexes with Bridging Selenidodiarsenate Anions [As2Se4]4‐, [As2Se5]4‐ and [As2Se6]2‐.
Authors: Kromm Anna , Sheldrick Williams S.
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: VAPOL Phosphoric Acid Catalysis: The Highly Enantioselective Addition of Imides to Imines.
Authors: Liang Yuxue , Rowland Emily B. , Rowland Gerald B. , Perman Jason A. , Antilla Jon C.
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Niobium(V) Pentachloride: An Efficient Catalyst for C‐, N‐, O‐, and S‐Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions of Benzylic Alcohols.
Authors: Yadav J. S. , Bhunia Dinesh C. , Krishna K. Vamshi , Srihari P.
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: From the Study of Naturally Occurring N‐Allylated Phenazines Towards New Pd‐Mediated Transformations.
Authors: Merisor Elena , Beifuss Uwe
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Asymmetric Cyclopropanation of Enones with Dimethyloxosulfonium Methylide Promoted by a La—Li3—(Biphenyldiolate)3 + NaI Complex.
Authors: Kakei Hiroyuki , Sone Toshihiko , Sohtome Yoshihiro , Matsunaga Shigeki , Shibasaki Masakatsu
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Studies on Selective Reduction of the Amide Link of Acyclic and Macrocyclic Amidoketals: Unexpected Cleavage and trans‐Acetalization with Red‐Al®.
Authors: Affani Radouane , Dugat Denise
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: The Quantitative Recycling of Raney—Nickel Catalysts on a Lab‐Scale.
Authors: Czaplik Waldemar M. , Neudoerfl Joerg‐M. , Jacobi von Wangelin Axel
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Bromination of Ketones with H2O2—HBr “On Water”.
Authors: Podgorsek Ajda , Stavber Stojan , Zupan Marko , Iskra Jernej
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Comparison of Iodination of Methoxylated Benzaldehydes and Related Compounds Using Iodine/Silver Nitrate and Iodine/Periodic Acid.
Authors: Hathaway Bruce A. , White Kristen L. , McGill Mark E.
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Nitration of Asymmetric Hydrazones with Nitric Oxide.
Authors: Wu Wen‐tao , Su Gang , Lu Zhou , Wu Long‐min
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Cobalt‐Catalyzed Alder—Ene Reaction.
Authors: Hilt Gerhard , Treutwein Jonas
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Tishchenko Reactions of Aldehydes Promoted by Diisobutylaluminum Hydride and Its Application to the Macrocyclic Lactone Formation.
Authors: Hon Yung‐Son , Wong Ying‐Chieh , Chang Chun‐Ping , Hsieh Cheng‐Han
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient, Solventless N‐Boc Protection of Amines Carried Out at Room Temperature Using Sulfamic Acid as Recyclable Catalyst.
Authors: Upadhyaya Dharita J. , Barge Alessandro , Stefania Rachele , Cravotto Giancarlo
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Synthetic Methodologies. Part 134. Vanadium(III) Chloride (VCl3): Efficient Reagent for the Introduction of Tetrahydrofuran‐Based Acetal Protecting Groups for Alcohols.
Authors: Das Biswanath , Krishnaiah Maddeboina , Reddy Vtukuri Saidi , Laxminarayana Keetha
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: [3 + 2] Cycloaddition Reactions of Cyclopropyl Imines with Enones.
Authors: Liu Lei , Montgomery John
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Functional Group Selectivity in Reactions of Epoxides with Tungsten Hexachloride.
Authors: Jung Michael E. , Murphy Jennifer M.
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Strain‐Release Electrophilic Activation via E‐Cycloalkenones.
Authors: Moran Joseph , Dornan Peter , Beauchemin Andre M.
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Lithiation of 2‐Alkynyl Aryl Sulfides — Enantio‐ and Diastereoselective Formation of Allenyl Aryl Sulfides and Their Application in Nickel‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling Reactions.
Authors: Otte Ralf , Wibbeling Birgit , Froehlich Roland , Nakamura Shuichi , Shibata Norio , Toru Takeshi , Hoppe Dieter
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Synthesis of 4‐Fluoro‐1,3‐alkadienylboronates and Their Application in the Stereoselective Synthesis of Fluoropolyenes.
Authors: Sakai Miho , Guan Tong , Hara Shoji
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Michael Addition of Manganese Enolates to Nitroolefins.
Authors: Micheletti Gabriele , Pollicino Salvatore , Ricci Alfredo , Berionni Guillaume , Cahiez Gerard
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Safer Conditions for the Curtius Rearrangement of 1,3,5‐Benzenetricarboxylic Acid.
Authors: Davis Matthew C.
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Arylation of N,N‐Dialkylhydrazines and the Subsequent Conversion to Anilines.
Authors: Liu Xiaoxiang , Barry Michael , Tsou Hwei‐Ru
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Selective Methanesulfonic Acid‐Catalyzed 1,3‐Isomerization of Allylic Alcohols.
Authors: Leleti Rajender Reddy , Hu Bin , Prashad Mahavir , Repic Oljan
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Weinreb Amide Based New Synthetic Equivalents for Convenient Access to Immunosuppressive Agent FTY720 and Analogues.
Authors: Balasubramaniam Sivaraman , Annamalai Senthilmurugan , Aidhen Indrapal Singh
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Unprecedented Reaction Between Ethyl α‐Cyanocinnamate and o‐Phenylenediamine: Development of an Efficient Method for the Transfer Hydrogenation of Electronically Depleted Olefins.
Authors: Kumar Satish , Kapoor Kamal K.
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Asymmetric Cyanoethoxycarbonylation of Aldehydes Using Self‐Assembled Titanium Catalysts.
Authors: Wang Wentao , Gou Shaohua , Liu Xiaohua , Feng Xiaoming
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Waste‐Free and Environment‐Friendly Uncatalyzed Synthesis of Dithiocarbamates under Solvent‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Azizi Najmedin , Ebrahimi Forogh , Aakbari Elham , Aryanasab Fezzeh , Saidi Mohammad R.
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient One‐Pot Synthesis of 2‐Amino‐4,6‐diarylbenzene‐1,3‐dicarbonitrile under Solvent‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Rong Liangce , Han Hongxia , Yang Fang , Yao Hao , Jiang Hong , Tu Shujiang
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A Protocol for the Direct Conversion of Aldehydes into Arenes — Proof of Principle.
Authors: Gayral Maud , Brown John M.
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: [RuCl3(H2O)n]‐Catalyzed Direct Arylations with Bromides as Electrophiles.
Authors: Ackermann Lutz , Althammer Andreas , Born Robert
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Zeolite‐Directed Cascade Reactions: Cycliacyarylation versus Decarboxyarylation of α,β‐Unsaturated Carboxylic Acids.
Authors: Chassaing Stefan , Kumarraja Mayilvasagam , Pale Patrick , Sommer Jean
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Generation and Synthetic Utility of Nitrogen‐Centered Aziridinyl Radicals.
Authors: Yang Xiaoyang , Yudin Andrei K.
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Phthalides via Pd/CNTs‐Catalyzed Reaction of Terminal Alkynes and o‐Iodobenzoic Acid under Copper‐ and Ligand‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Zhou Lei , Jiang Huan‐Feng
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Selective Synthesis and Utility of One Tripyrrolic Compound and Its Intermediates.
Authors: Wang Haiyong , Chen Min , Wang Lin
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A Strategy for the Stepwise Ring Annulation of all Four Pyrrolic Rings of a Porphyrin.
Authors: Khoury Tony , Crossley Maxwell J.
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Nitration of Dimethyl 1‐Substituted Indole‐2,3‐dicarboxylates: Synthesis of Nitro‐ and Aminoindole Derivatives.
Authors: Miki Yasuyoshi , Umemoto Misako , Maruyama Hiroko , Kuromatsu Makoto , Hamamoto Hiromi
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.