bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Le fait associatif, un triple enjeu de connaissance
Authors: Blanc Yannick
Published: April 2022

Malgré son omniprésence dans la société, son poids économique et sa contribution aux institutions démocratiques, le fait associatif reste un champ de recherche relativement marginal. Or il représente un triple enjeu de connaissance : situer et mesurer son rôle dans la société ; répondre aux besoins de connaissance des acteurs du monde associatif ; structurer la production de connaissance par l’activité des associations. C’est pour répondre à ces enjeux qu’a été créé, sous forme associative, l’Institut français du Monde associatif qui a pour objet de financer des recherches, d’animer des réseaux de chercheurs et de servir de passerelle entre le monde de la recherche et le monde associatif.
Le droit à l’alimentation dans la perspective de l’économie sociale et solidaire
Authors: Collart Dutilleul François
Published: April 2022

Le droit à l’alimentation défini par la FAO s’inscrit dans un système économique de marché concurrentiel complété autant que de besoin par des mécanismes de sécurité sociale et d’aide alimentaire. Si l’ESS contribue avec des acteurs spécifiques (coopératives, associations, entreprises à mission...), peut-elle aller plus loin et constituer un modèle alternatif à celui du marché ? Si l’ESS porte un ensemble d’initiatives ponctuelles innovantes (Amap, épiceries sociales, coopératives de consommateurs, commerce équitable...), encore faut-il intégrer les fondamentaux du droit à l’alimentation tels qu’une économie des besoins, territorialisée, assortie de politiques publiques et sur une approche de l’utilisation de la terre et des ressources naturelles tournée vers le besoin à satisfaire.
L’ESS, alternative au capitalisme ou affirmation de l’associatisme ?
Authors: Draperi Jean-François
Published: April 2022

La crise sociale et climatique nous incite à revoir nos approches de l’économie sociale et soli-daire (ESS). Celle-ci est généralement pensée comme une économie portant un projet d’alternative tout en assumant d’être également une forme de réparation de l’économie dominante. Cet article montre que l’ESS est plus fondamentalement la forme actuelle de solidarités à l’œuvre depuis des siècles, qui ont longtemps assuré le salut des hommes. L’anthropocène nous conduit à penser une nouvelle économie du salut. L’étude du fait associatif dans l’Occident médiéval s’avère inspirant pour élargir nos conceptions de l’ESS.
Présidence française de l’Union Européenne, élection présidentielle : vers un agenda synchronisé et prometteur pour l’ESS française ?
Authors: Saddier Jérôme
Published: April 2022

La Présidence Française de l’Union Européenne (PFUE) s’ouvre sur un contexte inédit et encourageant pour l’économie sociale et solidaire. Elle est en effet la première présidence assurée par un grand pays de l’Union après l’annonce par la Commission de son plan d’action pour l’économie sociale en Europe, le 9 décembre dernier. Pour en analyser le contenu et la portée, une rétrospective sur le chemin parcouru s’impose. La concordance de temps entre cette présidence et l’élection présidentielle en France pourrait favoriser un nouveau départ pour l’ESS française si les pouvoirs publics décidaient de s’appuyer sur elle pour contribuer à un agenda aussi exigeant que nécessaire de transformation de l’économie. Dans le cas contraire, l’ESS devra trouver en elle et dans de nouvelles collaborations stratégiques les ressources indispensables à la démonstration qu’elle est capable de relever le défi des transitions, et de « faire à nouveau des choses plus grandes qu’elle ».
Des défis pour les coopératives et les chercheurs
Authors: Spear Roger
Published: April 2022

Le thème du congrès mondial des coopératives de l’ACI en 2021 était l’approfondissement de notre identité coopérative. Puisque le monde coopératif répond à des défis à la complexité croissante, il est utile d’envisager les modèles dans les évolutions des coopératives et les contributions de la recherche. Ce texte commence par réfléchir sur la manière dont les coopératives ont traité les défis du passé, et poursuit en envisageant les modèles de développement et d’innovation en réponse aux nouveaux défis. Il envisage ensuite les nouveaux développements théoriques, qui aident à présenter les fondations de la coopération et ses spécificités dans une économie plurielle. Il conclut par de nouvelles perspectives dans la façon dont les chercheurs et les revues prennent une part essentielle aux développements de la pensée coopérative.
Les dimensions coopératives du développement territorial
Authors: Torre André
Published: April 2022

Cet article analyse les dimensions coopératives des processus de développement territorial et montre comment la mise en œuvre de relations de coopération contribue à leur réussite. On insiste sur le fait qu’il ne s’agit pas seulement d’une question de coordination entre entreprises ou organisations productives, mais plus fondamentalement de l’implication des populations et des différentes parties locales. Après une présentation de la notion de développement territorial et du rôle joué par les relations de coopération dans les systèmes localisés de production et l’économie sociale et solidaire, est étudiée leur contribution à la production des innovations territoriales et des dynamiques de développement territorial.
Apprendre à coopérer : expériences éducatives en Argentine et identité coopérative
Authors: Vuotto Mirta , Toucas-Truyen Patricia
Published: April 2022

Cet article présente quelques expériences éducatives argentines dans le domaine de la coopération, pour mettre en relief la grande variété des initiatives qui tendent à approfondir l’identité coopérative. Dans cette optique, l’auteure examine l’objectif et la portée spécifique des différentes expériences : 1) enseignement coopératif dès le premier cycle de l’enseignement, 2) formation à l’université, pour faire valoir l’alternative coopérative dans l’organisation de la vie économique et sociale 3) promotion des initiatives éducatives sur la coopération par le biais de l’extension universitaire et 4) production d’ouvrages d’économie sociale dans le cadre d’une coopérative éditoriale. L’article montre que chaque nouvelle expérience de coopératives dans le domaine de l’éducation se nourrit de la précédente, enrichissant un réseau ininterrompu de réalisations structurées autour des personnes et de relations construites autour de la raison d’être de l’identité coopérative : le sens de « association et entreprise ».
Affective Sensibilities and Meliorative Value
Authors: Keller Roberto , Davide Ombrato Michele
Published: April 2022

Que les émotions soient particulièrement précieuses pour notre bien-être est désormais une idée largement acceptée. Dans cet article, nous soutenons que la plupart des façons dont les émotions sont communément considérées comme ayant une valeur prudentielle – sur le plan hédonique, expérientiel et adaptatif – ne sont pas propres aux émotions : elles sont en fait partagées par d’autres réactions affectives telles que les besoins et les affects sensoriels. Cela pourrait suggérer que les émotions n’ont pas de valeur prudentielle d’une manière qui leur soit spécifique. Nous contestons cette suggestion en soutenant que, contrairement à d’autres réactions affectives, les émotions fournissent des contextes uniques qui permettent d’affiner notre sensibilité générale à une grande variété de propriétés évaluatives – et qu’en ce sens, elles ont une valeur prudentielle qui leur est propre.
L’amour et ses raisons
Authors: Engels Kroeker Esther
Published: April 2022

Cet article défend la thèse selon laquelle l’amour personnel est une attitude a-rationnelle, qui ne répond à aucune raison normative. Je présente les deux courants de pensée principaux sur l’amour et les raisons, les théories rationnelles et a-rationnelles, ainsi que des problèmes engendrés par chaque position. Je défends ensuite une version de la position a-rationnelle, en répondant à l’objection selon laquelle l’amour a-rationnel serait inintelligible. L’amour personnel est a-rationnel, mais il peut néanmoins être rendu intelligible par des explications, par des jugements de valeur indépendants de lui, ou par la valeur qui est visible grâce à lui. Si l’amour personnel possède une valeur, ce n’est donc pas en vertu de sa source, mais grâce à ce qu’il rend visible.
Peut-on sauver le minimalisme moral ?
Authors: Lefftz Grégoire
Published: April 2022

Cet article prend pour point de départ une critique souvent adressée au minimalisme moral de Ruwen Ogien : il y a bien de la normativité dans le rapport à soi, nous avons des obligations vis-à-vis de nous-même. Après avoir rappelé cette objection (en la reformulant et en la renforçant), l’on se demande si une forme de minimalisme peut malgré tout lui survivre. Cet article répond par la positive, en proposant une reformulation radicale de la thèse minimaliste, qui parvienne à maintenir le rejet du paternalisme tout en prenant en compte l’existence d’une normativité dans le rapport à soi. Il explique en quel sens une telle thèse peut encore être considérée comme minimaliste, puis entreprend d’examiner ses principales conséquences.
Les directives anticipées pour la fin de vie : actes de langage et ascription
Authors: Etchegaray Claire
Published: April 2022

En quoi les directives anticipées sont-elles normatives ? En quoi ces écrits censés exprimer la volonté d’une personne à t1, devraient-ils être respectés par les soignants à t2 ? Pour répondre, nous analysons les directives anticipées pour la fin de vie comme un acte de langage. Nous proposons d’y voir une ascription, au sens où H. L. A Hart a forgé le concept d’ ascription de responsabilité et de droits. Il se pourrait qu’une telle analyse aide à sortir de l’ornière du dilemme entre paternalisme et autonomisme, et à contourner les questions métaphysiques sur l’identité personnelle. À la lumière des thèses de Hart et de ses principales critiques, nous considérons l’ascription d’un droit du patient, l’ascription de sa volonté et l’ascription des responsabilités pour l’acte effectué par les soignants d’après les directives.
Au vif de la clinique. Vacillement identitaire et urgence identificatoire
Authors: Roffat Didier
Published: April 2022

À partir d’un récit clinique centré sur trois situations cliniques distinctes, cet article aborde les effets du trauma, dans des équipes des institutions de la mésinscription, durant la période de confinement et de déconfinement. Sont dégagées et analysées des formes, les figurations groupales et individuelles qu’ont générées les différentes angoisses, les différents conflits et fantasmes mobilisés par les ruptures de continuité dans les cadres et métacadres garantissant l’exécution de la tâche primaire. L’analyse s’attache à mettre en tension ce qui se joue au niveau groupal du travail d’élaboration des équipes pour reconstituer leur enveloppe groupale, avec ce qui se joue concomitamment pour les sujets, à savoir les vacillements identitaires, l’urgence identificatoire convoquée au temps où l’équipe se sépare, et l’urgence « réidentificatoire » lors de la reconstitution en présence des équipes soignantes, ou éducatives.
Conduite de visio-groupe à visée élaborative, en contexte de pandémie de Covid-19
Authors: Falla Willy , Toubert-Duffort Danièle
Published: April 2022

Les deux auteurs réfléchissent aux effets, sur la groupalité psychique, du recours à la visioconférence, dans le contexte de la pandémie de la Covid-19. À partir de vignettes cliniques illustrant la conduite de groupe dans deux dispositifs, dont un mis en place pour élaborer le vécu spécifique de la crise sanitaire, ils tendent à montrer qu’une certaine groupalité psychique se déploie en ligne. Elle dépend du déploiement d’une interliaison rythmique, pourvu que l’interface technique permette une certaine circulation émotionnelle, et de l’engagement de l’analyste. L’accent est mis sur la spécificité du contre-transfert anticipé ainsi que sur l’activité interprétative dans ce contexte.
Les enjeux cliniques de la prise en charge précoce des traumatismes psychiques partagés
Authors: Chatrousse Hubert , Pinel Jean-Pierre
Published: April 2022

Cet article se propose de ressaisir l’histoire et le développement des principaux modèles de prise en charge psychologique précoce des traumatismes psychiques collectifs pour en éclairer les enjeux cliniques. Il visera à montrer que ces modèles se sont constitués au croisement d’une triple tension. En premier lieu, celle qui s’instaure entre les modèles cognitivo-comportementalistes (anglo-saxon) et psychodynamiques (français, ou plus largement de langue romane). Ensuite, celle qui interroge la position du psychologue selon qu’il appartient ou non à l’institution des sujets pris en charge. Enfin, la tension transversale aux deux premières et qui s’actualise entre la séduction nécessaire dans une pratique active pour permettre la rencontre clinique avec les sujets potentiellement traumatisés, et le risque de confusion et d’indifférenciation mettant en péril une fonction tierce, condition de l’élaboration.
Activité hallucinatoire groupale et réflexivité… dans un groupe à médiation thérapeutique sensorielle
Authors: Philippe Kévin , Jung Johann
Published: April 2022

À partir d’une clinique de groupe à médiation thérapeutique en psychiatrie adulte, les auteurs s’interrogent sur les mouvements hallucinatoires et réflexifs induits par l’utilisation d’un médium sensoriel. Ils formulent l’hypothèse suivant laquelle les processus hallucinatoires groupaux qui se développent particulièrement au contact des médiations sensorielles, soutiennent un travail de reprise subjective et de symbolisation des expériences traumatiques qui prend appui sur les propriétés réflexives du groupe, du médium et des thérapeutes. Selon certaines conditions, cette configuration soutiendrait la co-construction d’un fond réflexif groupal comme lieu de transformation des expériences subjectives individuelles dans le sens d’une forme primaire de symbolisation.
Fonctions et processus psychiques d’un groupe à médiation artistique avec des hommes migrants
Authors: Fréard Anne , Feldman Marion
Published: April 2022

Cet article livre des éléments de compréhension sur les spécificités de la dynamique psychique groupale d’un atelier thérapeutique à médiation artistique avec des hommes migrants. Pendant neuf mois, à raison d’une heure et demi hebdomadaire, le « groupe dessinature » – comme le baptisera l’un des hommes du groupe –, nous fait voyager dans une clinique riche et passionnante. Le verbatim et les créations que nous avons recueillis nous renseignent sur les principaux enjeux d’un tel dispositif. Nous proposons, ainsi, de soulever les points de chiasme qui se révèlent entre la problématique groupale et individuelle de l’histoire migratoire et culturelle de chacun. Précisément, le groupe semble réactualiser des conflits psychiques du deuil, de l’exil, de la rupture du « cadre culturel » contenant, ainsi que les défenses qui y sont associées. La médiation artistique permet d’observer ces mouvements psychiques convoqués par la situation groupale tout en même temps qu’elle contient la possibilité de les symboliser.
Symbolisation et signifiants formels de groupe : le travail du clinicien dans l’analyse de la pratique de groupes d’enseignants
Authors: Chatard Yves-Olivier , Brun Anne
Published: April 2022

Cet article montre, à partir d’exemples cliniques, l’existence de signifiants formels de groupe , concept proposé pour décrire et utiliser dans le travail groupal, les affects non symbolisés qui s’expriment à travers des traces sensorielles et motrices, collectives ou individuelles. Ces vécus corporels, non repérés par les participants, permettent une première tentative de symbolisation grâce à différentes modalités interprétatives du clinicien.
Impasses numériques
Authors: Calvão Felipe , Thara Kaveri , Wayllace Ana Elia
Published: April 2022

Au vu de la pression démographique et des transformations technologiques de la production, l’Inde est particulièrement confrontée au défi de l’emploi. Si l’Organisation internationale du travail (OIT) a commencé à interroger l’impact de l’automatisation sur la division mondiale du travail, elle l’a fait à travers le prisme d’un emploi décent ou « typique », alors que le focus devrait être mis sur le potentiel d’égalité et de justice des emplois futurs.
Ex Vivo Toxicity of Commonly Used Topical Antiseptics and Antibiotics on Human Chondrocytes
Authors: Garbrecht Erika , Packard Benjamin , Nguyen Phuong A. H. , Elghazali Nafisa A. , Salas Christina , Hill Deirdre A. , Canavan Heather E. , Decker Michael
Published: April 2022

Topical povidone-iodine, chlorhexidine, bacitracin, and vancomycin are commonly used antiseptic and antimicrobial agents to reduce risk and treat surgical site infections in numerous orthopedic procedures. Chondrocytes potentially may be exposed to these agents during operative procedures. The impact of these topical agents on chondrocyte viability is unclear. The goal of this study is to determine human chondrocyte viability ex vivo after exposure to commonly used concentrations of these topical antiseptic and antimicrobial agents. Human osteochondral plugs were harvested from the knee joint of a human decedent within 36 hours of death. Individual human osteochondral plugs were exposed to normal saline as a control; a range of concentrations of povidone-iodine (0.25%, 0.5%, and 1%), chlorhexidine (0.01% and 0.5%), and bacitracin (10,000 units/L, 50,000 units/L, and 100,000 units/L) for 1-minute lavage; or a 48-hour soak in vancomycin (0.16 mg/mL, 0.4 mg/mL, and 1.0 mg/mL) with nutrient media. Chondrocyte viability was evaluated with a live/dead viability assay at 0, 2, 4, and 6 days after exposure to bacitracin at 0, 3, and 6 days). Control subjects showed greater than 70% viability at all time points. Povidone-iodine, 0.5% chlorhexidine, and vancomycin showed significant cytotoxicity, with viability dropping to less than 40% by day 6. Chondrocytes exposed to 0.01% chlorhexidine maintained viability. Chondrocytes exposed to bacitracin showed viability until day 3, when there was a large drop in viability. Commonly used topical concentrations of povidone-iodine, vancomycin, and bacitracin are toxic to human chondrocytes ex vivo. A low concentration of chlorhexidine appears safe. Caution should be used when articular cartilage may be exposed to these agents during surgery. [
Orthopedics
. 2022;45(5):e263–e268.]
Computational modeling, analysis and simulation for lockdown dynamics of COVID-19 and domestic violence
Authors: Ohajunwa Comfort , Caiseda Carmen , Seshaiyer Padmanabhan
Published: April 2022

As potential strategies to control the spread of COVID-19, governments all across the globe have implemented interventions such as lockdowns and confinement. While these strategies have helped to control the spread, there have also been evidence of widespread increase in Domestic Violence (DV) which is often under-reported. In this work, we have developed two new models that will help study the relationship between lockdowns, the spread of COVID-19 and DV in the hope of mitigating the social problems that follow such drastic measures. Two different models, in increasing level of complexity have been employed to simulate the effect of the lockdown strategy in the spread of COVID-19 and DV. One of the models simulates the spread of DV under three different lockdown scenarios: one long period, two and three shorter intervals that comprise the same interval of time since onset of the Pandemic. Another model studies the interaction between COVID-19 and DV during confinement in relation to the length of the lockdowns. Our findings indicate multiple lockdowns are safer for DV but not necessarily for controlling spread of COVID-19. We also present a derivation of the basic reproduction number for the model involving the interaction between COVID-19 and DV.
Generalized hesitant intuitionistic fuzzy N-soft sets-first result
Authors: Nazra Admi , Jenizon  , Asdi Yudiantri , Zulvera
Published: April 2022

The study on N-soft sets (NSSs) has been significantly developed recently. Hybrid models such as fuzzy N-soft sets, Intuitionistic fuzzy N-soft sets, and hesitant fuzzy N-soft sets were introduced to combine fuzzy sets, intuitionistic fuzzy sets and hesitant fuzzy sets with NSSs. Related to the hybrid models, it was also constructed some complements, operations and related properties. This article aims to construct a new hybrid model called hesitant intuitionistic fuzzy N-soft sets (HIFNSSs) to combine intuitionistic fuzzy N-soft sets and hesitant fuzzy N-soft sets. Moreover, we generalise HIFNSSs to generalized hesitant intuitionistic fuzzy N-soft sets (GHIFNSSs) as a hybrid model between generalized hesitant intuitionistic fuzzy sets and N-soft sets. It was also defined some complements of GHIFNSSs, intersection and union operations between GHIFNSSs, and proved that the operations between some particular complements hold De Morgan Law. In applying a GHIFNSS, we provide an algorithm for decision-making problems and its numerical illustration.
On a nonlinear coupled system of differential equations involving Hilfer fractional derivative and Riemann-Liouville mixed operators with nonlocal integro-multi-point boundary conditions
Authors: Alsaedi Ahmed , Ahmad Bashir , Assolami Afrah , Ntouyas Sotiris K.
Published: April 2022

We study a coupled system of multi-term Hilfer fractional differential equations of different orders involving non-integral and autonomous type Riemann-Liouville mixed integral nonlinearities supplemented with nonlocal coupled multi-point and Riemann-Liouville integral boundary conditions. The uniqueness result for the given problem is based on the contraction mapping principle, while the existence results are derived with the aid of Krasnosel'ski${\rm{\mathord{\buildrel{\lower3pt\hbox{$\scriptscriptstyle\smile$}} \over i} }}$'s fixed point theorem and Leray-Schauder nonlinear alternative. Examples illustrating the main results are presented.
Study on the evolution driving mechanism of IPM to regional economic development
Authors: Yang Xiran , Qi Yong
Published: April 2022

Since the implementation of the IP strategy in 2008, It has been agreed that intellectual property rights can promote regional economic development, but how to promote it is a black box. Based on the theory of system dynamics, three systems have been divided from the promoting effect of intellectual property on regional economy: intellectual property management system, technology innovation dynamic system and government policy support dynamic system. By analyzing the driving relationship among the three systems, It is found that intellectual property can promote regional economic growth through technological innovation. The government's policy support and the implementation of intellectual property strategy promote the innovation motivation of enterprises under the action of market mechanism. In the final analysis, enterprises are the main force of economic growth. They can improve the level of technological innovation through industry-university-research cooperation and other ways to obtain innovation benefits, so as to promote regional economic growth.
Global dynamics of a diffusive phytoplankton-zooplankton model with toxic substances effect and delay
Authors: Yang Hong
Published: April 2022

This paper examines a diffusive toxic-producing plankton system with delay. We first show the global attractivity of the positive equilibrium of the system without time-delay. We further consider the effect of delay on asymptotic behavior of the positive equilibrium: when the system undergoes Hopf bifurcation at some points of delay by the normal form and center manifold theory for partial functional differential equations. Global existence of periodic solutions is established by applying the global Hopf bifurcation theory.
Stress, Anxiety, and Depression among Latinx University Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Ibarra-Mejia Gabriel , Lusk Mark , Jeon Soyoung
Published: April 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has had disruptive effects on college students globally. These include economic dislocation, social isolation, and financial stress. Minority and low-income students have experienced greater adversity than their peers. During the pandemic, college students have increased levels of stress, anxiety, and depression, particularly among minority groups. We conducted a cross-sectional study using standardized instruments (PSS-4 and PHQ-4) to determine the prevalence of stress, anxiety, and depression in a university attended by a majority of Latinx students. We also conducted a meta-analysis with the inverse variance method for pooling to compare the mean PSS-4 to other norm values. We found that Latinx students had a high prevalence of moderate to severe stress and high levels of anxiety and depression that varied by age and gender. This suggests that there is a need for outreach programs that address minority students’ mental health during the global public health crisis.
An Exploratory Study on Child Sexual Abuse and Exploitation
Authors: Harracksingh Rohini , Janagan Johnson Emmanuel
Published: April 2022

This study explores the effects of child sexual abuse and exploitation of children. It also aims to assist in identifying the signs of child sexual abuse by examining the various possible effects on the victims. The authors continue the dialogue started by previous studies, thereby generating greater public awareness specifically targeted at expanding the information available to the population. Snowball sampling was adopted to select the respondents. The results show that how children develop social and emotional skills across the lifespan, with particular attention to childhood to overcome the trauma and it is better to equip citizens to recognize the signs of child sexual abuse so that they can report this crime and afford the victims the benefit of early and proper intervention, since victims themselves often do not engage in early reporting of such crimes. The findings of the research and the implications for the future research are also discussed.
Roger Nols: a mayor to be forgotten?
Authors: Jaumain Serge , Vaesen Joost
Published: April 2022

Faut-il déboulonner le buste de Roger Nols ? La question fait aujourd’hui débat. Interrogeant les raisons pour lesquelles la représentation et le souvenir de l’ancien bourgmestre de Schaerbeek paraissent si encombrants dans l’espace public, cet article souligne la nécessité́ de replacer les évènements contestés dans un contexte historique plus large. Il met en garde contre une critique centrée sur la seule personne de Roger Nols qui pourrait exonérer à bon compte celles et ceux qui ont soutenu ouvertement ou dans le secret des urnes, des discours et politiques racistes et xénophobes, tant à Schaerbeek que dans d’autres communes de la capitale. Cette réflexion permet de discuter les risques du « présentisme », c’est-à-dire l’utilisation du passé en fonction d’objectifs politiques actuels sans tenir compte de la réalité́ historique. Elle montre qu’il ne revient pas aux historiens de prendre une décision sur l’avenir d’un tel buste mais qu’ils ont par contre un rôle essentiel à jouer pour documenter le contexte dans lequel l’action de la personne contestée s’est inscrite.
Mise en œuvre de la RSE en Tunisie : Analyse des logiques d’actions dans un contexte post révolution
Authors: Bouderbala Amel , Aissa Hazem Ben
Published: April 2022

L’objectif de cet article est de comprendre les logiques d’actions des acteurs qui agissent dans le cadre de la mise en œuvre de la RSE dans une Tunisie post révolution. La posture épistémologique est le constructivisme pragmatique et la méthodologie est qualitative consistant en une recherche-intervention durant 18 mois et une monographie du réseau local Pacte Mondial. Les résultats montrent que la mise en œuvre de la RSE dans ce contexte particulier, qu’elle soit à une échelle macro, méso ou micro sociale, relève de l’action politique qui tire sa rationalité et sa légitimité des acteurs qui la portent.
Exploring Different Forms of Engaging Different Publics With Environmental Sustainability
Authors: Campos Rita
Published: April 2022

Sustainability has become a key concept for several contexts – politics, economics, education, or conservation. This chapter presents a review of some concepts of sustainability, and sustainable development and then focuses on environmental sustainability to discuss emerging trends on engaging citizen: engaging students in the classroom, engaging local communities in their regions, engaging visitors in areas of potential touristic interest. In each case, a theoretical framework is complemented by case studies illustrating how sustainability can be used to promote scientific literacy, positive changes in perceptions and attitudes for biodiversity management and conservation, and to incorporate different knowledges and ways of living. From more classical formats to collaborative and participatory processes, the examples give an overview of current work being done to endorse the values subjacent to environmental sustainability, communicating the interrelatedness between human population and the natural environment and ultimately trying to promote a healthier and sustainable planet.
Plastic Pollution and Its Impact on Aquatic Fauna
Authors: Bakhtiyar Yahya , Andrabi Saima , Arafat Mohammad Yasir , Tak Hamid Iqbal
Published: April 2022

Plastic pollution is the buildup of unwanted plastic products in the environment by its abundant and limitless use by a greedy human population in various ways. Plastics are usually made of chains of monomer units of ethylene and propylene linked together. Plastics are durable and resistant to degradation and tend to accumulate where they are disposed. One more disaster this material causes is the release of toxic chemicals with time which badly affects the ecosystem where it is dumped. Same is the case with aquatic ecosystem, because tons of plastic wastes are dumped into it in one way or the other. The major threats of this menace on aquatic ecosystem include ocean acidification, degradation of water quality, increase in number of invasive species, overfishing, pollution and choking of water bodies, habitat degradation, loss of aesthetic value, blocking of sea routes, and above all, it badly affects plant and animal life there.
Biogeographic Computation as Information Processing in Ecosystems
Authors: Pasti Rodrigo , Politi Alexandre Alberto , Von Zuben Fernando José , Nunes de Castro Leandro
Published: April 2022

Assuming nature can be investigated and understood as an information processing system, this chapter aims to explore this hypothesis in the field of ecosystems. Therefore, based on the concepts of biogeography, it further investigates a computational approach called biogeographic computation to the study of ecosystems. The original proposal in the literature is built from fundamental concepts of ecosystems and from a framework called a metamodel that allows the understanding of how information processing occurs. This chapter reproduces part of the content of the original proposal and extends and better formalizes the metamodel, including novel experimental results, particularly exploring the role of information and causality in ecosystems, both being considered essential aspects of ecosystems' evolution.
Tropical Tree Species 3D Modelling and Classification Based on LiDAR Technology
Authors: Barmpoutis Panagiotis , Stathaki Tania , Lloyd Jonathan , Moura Magna Soelma Bessera de
Published: April 2022

Over the last decade or so, laser scanning technology has become an increasingly popular and important tool for forestry inventory, enabling accurate capture of 3D information in a fast and environmentally friendly manner. To this end, the authors propose here a system for tropical tree species classification based on 3D scans of LiDAR sensing technology. In order to exploit the interrelated patterns of trees, skeleton representations of tree point clouds are extracted, and their structures are divided into overlapping equal-sized 3D segments. Subsequently, they represent them as third-order sparse structure tensors setting the value of skeleton coordinates equal to one. Based on the higher-order tensor decomposition of each sparse segment, they 1) estimate the mode-n singular values extracting intra-correlations of tree branches and 2) model tropical trees as linear dynamical systems extracting appearance information and dynamics. The proposed methodology was evaluated in tropical tree species and specifically in a dataset consisting of 26 point clouds of common Caatinga dry-forest trees.
Impact of Social Media Network Data on Conservation of Bioresources
Authors: Depuru Bharathi , Padmavathi Pydipati Lakshmi , Latha Anchapakula Suvarna , Sree Kolaru Subramanyam Shanthi
Published: April 2022

The effectiveness of the transmission and sharing of data and information among people has been revolutionized by the internet and digital technology. Social networks have shortened the communication space among the technology users. Their relatively easy access through computers, cell phones, and many other devices has made them easy to use, so they are probably the most widely used today. Social network and internet media (SIM) has revolutionized providing useful resources for scientific research, especially in engaging citizen scientists in research. There are also various possible drawbacks in spite of the benefits of the SIM. With the increasing use of social media worldwide, sites with rich species diversity face potentially the greatest anthropogenic threats (resulting from high numbers of visitors), which results in the extinction of valuable species from the native area. Despite shortcomings, SIM can provide conservation education and awareness and also reconnect to the natural world.
Forest Fire Simulation
Authors: Staudinger Severin
Published: April 2022

In this chapter a heuristic forest fire model based on cellular automata is presented and realized for efficiency reasons with the DataFlow programming approach. Real-world images taken by satellites are analyzed and used as the basis for simulations. In the presented forest fire model, natural influences like wind strength and direction, burning behavior, as well as different levels of inflammability are considered. The DataFlow implementation on an FPGA-based Maxeler MAX3 Vectis card was compared to a sequential C version executed on an Intel Xeon E5-2650 2.0 GHz CPU. The author obtained speedups of up to 70 for a strong wind situation and 46 for a random wind setting while reducing energy consumption.
The Circular Economy Solution to Ocean Sustainability
Authors: Barroso Sónia , Pinto Filipa R. , Silva Agostinho , Silva Frederica Gil , Duarte Ana M. , Gil Maria M.
Published: April 2022

This chapter gives a good grounding in view of the development of innovative technological solutions that enhance the valorisation and efficient use of marine resources through the integration of value chains, in a logic of circular economy, articulating food industry, biotechnology, and fisheries. Economy is a business model that extends the circular economy principles of sustainability and reuse to activities influencing the world's aquatic ecosystems, not only seas, oceans, and coastlines, but rivers and lakes, too. Both combine concepts of design out waste and pollution, keep products and materials in use, regenerate natural systems, sustainability, and share economy. However, the blue economy goes further to strengthen competitiveness by lowering costs and pursuing a more effective economy of scale. Consequently, the circular economy is becoming increasingly tinged with blue. The aim of this chapter was to present two case studies on sustainable business strategies for the circular blue economy.
Phytoremediation of Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Municipal Wastewater by Cyperus alternifolius Planted Constructed Wetland
Authors: Farraji Hossein
Published: April 2022

Nowadays municipal wastewater (MWW) treatment by phytoremediation techniques goes as an emerging technique in the USA and many European countries. Cleaning wastewater with constructed wetland (CW) is an advanced type of phytoremediation. Low concentration of hazardous metallic elements in this major wastewater caused its capability for treatment by CW. This treatment method highly depends on the presence of macrophytes, media, and operating factors which have high influences in the efficiency of this technology. This chapter will discuss on engineering controls that traditionally are available and practically could be used in the commonly CW. Recirculation, dry to wet duration, artificial aeration, absorbent application, dilution and carbon source addition through this eco-friendly decontamination method. The concentration of this manuscript will be on Cyperus alternifolius as a well-known rapid growth plant species which often known as an ornamental plant. This review on try to illustrate practical ways to enhancing efficiency of decontamination of MWW in CW
Influence of Climatic Conditions on Western Siberian Forest Fires
Authors: Gorbatenko Valentina Petrovna , Volkova Marina Alexandrovna , Nosyreva Olga Vladimirovna , Zhuravlev George Georgievich , Kuzhevskaia Irina Valerievna
Published: April 2022

Current climate changes in Russia are attended by the increase in frequency of dangerous weather events. This chapter researches long-term variations of the dangerous weather's events on Western Siberia and to reveal general regularity, which can be associated with forest fires. The researches have been carried out for the territories of southeast of Western Siberia. The duration of the fire season increases due to climate change. This is due both to the earlier snowfall and the onset of the phenological spring, and to the increase in the duration of the thunderstorm period. Thunderstorms in Siberia are a much more frequent cause of forest fires (28%) than in other territories. Wildfire frequency is correlated with air temperature and drought anomalies.
Implications of Urban Sustainability, Socio-Ecosystems, and Ecosystem Services
Authors: Vargas-Hernández José G. , Pallagst Karina M.
Published: April 2022

This chapter aims to analyze the implications that urban sustainability, socio-ecosystems, and ecosystem services have as the bases to design the urban green growth strategies. The method used is the analytic based on the theoretical and conceptual literature reviews on the topics described. Urban sustainability and environmental performance integrates biodiversity and socio-ecosystems for the provision of better quality ecosystem services supported by green infrastructure design into the green projects aimed to achieve economic and environmental benefits. It is concluded that the ecosystem services and human well-being may suffer irreversible severe declines if sustainability is not built based on biodiversity of socio ecosystems, green infrastructure, and natural capital.
Influence of Environmental Conditions on the Susceptibility of the Territories to the Occurence of Forest Fires
Authors: Pasko Olga Anatolievna , Kovyazin Vasily Fedorovich , Lebedeva Nadezhda Anatolyevna
Published: April 2022

The chapter describes the conditions of predisposition of territories to the emergence of forest fires on different continents of the world. Information on the types of forest fires and the characteristics of burning materials is given. Human and economic losses from the forest fires and other emergencies (earthquake, flood) are compared. The causes of forest fires and their dynamics in Europe, USA, Canada, Southeast Asia, and Russia are given in this chapter. An analysis of the factors of their occurrence is given. Forest fires in the Russian Federation, where they annually cover large areas, have been studied in detail. The dynamics of the burning of Russian forests in the regions and administrative districts of the Tomsk region is considered. The causes of fire emergence is revealed. The forecast of forest fires is given and zoning of forest areas of the region as for fire danger is carried out. The research identifies the role of natural conditions in the occurrence of forest fires at various territorial levels (continents, countries, regions, areas).
Turtles or Tourists?
Authors: Nulkar Gurudas V.
Published: April 2022

While ecotourism is a well-defined concept, operationalizing it to make it financially viable is a challenge. Ecotourism has a potential to conserve natural resources and biodiversity of the region, as suggested by many case studies across the world. In the last few years, Indian tourism has experienced an overuse of the term ecotourism. However, there are no standards nor guidelines to inspire confidence in tourists, nor policies to ensure its honest use. This chapter discusses the findings of the author's comparative study of conventional tourism in Murud and ecotourism in Velas. Murud and Velas are coastal villages in Maharashtra, with similar characteristics. The Olive Ridley turtles arrive every year to Velas to lay their eggs. However, with growing human disturbances, their numbers dwindled. Velas residents chose to protect this unique phenomenon and chose to fund their conservation program with an appropriate model of ecotourism. Today, ecotourism in Velas yields income for the residents, helps fund the turtle conservancy program, and generates employment for youth.
Post-Fire Regeneration of Woody Species in a Colombian Tropical Dry Forest
Authors: Gutiérrez-Rincón Anghy , Parrado-Rosselli Angela
Published: April 2022

In fire-influenced ecosystems, some plant species have the ability to recover, germinate, and to establish after a fire; however, their proportion and dominance varies between sites. The objective of this work was to evaluate natural regeneration following a fire in a tropical dry forest located in the Upper Magdalena River Valley in Colombia. In that way, all seedlings and saplings of woody species were recorded, 1.5 years after a fire, in 75 2x2-m plots installed in burned and unburned forest sites, as well as in forest gaps. Results showed that although abundance was higher in the burned sites, the species richness was lower than in unburned areas. Based on the regeneration response of the species, we identified three groups of plants: 1) fire-stimulated, 2) fire-tolerant, and 3) fire-sensitive species, which means that this tropical dry forest has species with the ability to recover, germinate, and establish after a fire. These three groups of plant species should be considered in restoration programs in light of future and more frequent forest fires due to climate change.
Evolutionary Dynamics in Mediterranean Landscapes
Authors: Naranjo Gómez José Manuel , Castanho Rui Alexandre , Loures Luís
Published: April 2022

The specific richness and value of Mediterranean landscapes require a robust, well-defined, and comprehensive conservation strategy planning. Therefore, and considering the relevance of the topic in the light of the sustainability concept, those planning strategies should be based and sustained by many different studies and fields in order to provide a full view of the issue. Contextually, the present study through the use of geographic information systems (GIS) tools and methods allows addressing the evolution of forest and semi-natural areas in the Iberian Peninsula in the last three decades. With this study it was possible to verify that the land uses related to forests and semi-natural areas suffered many changes – increasing and decreasing periods; in fact, some of the reducing is concerning and should have a closer look by the territorial government authorities to give protection and conservation to this unique Mediterranean landscapes and environments.
Participatory Management of Tropical Dry Forests in Benin
Authors: Sannou Ramoudane Orou , Bako Idrissou , Moumouni Ismaïl , Baco Mohamed Nasser , Olagoke Adewole
Published: April 2022

This chapter encompasses a literature survey and strategic analysis to understand the elaboration and implementation of Participatory Forest Management (PFM) in Benin, with a focus on the case of the “Forêt des Trois Rivières”. By analyzing the historical background of forest management systems in Benin, we highlighted two major turning points. The first relates to the creation and autocratic management of protected forests, which took place from 1940 to 1990. The second change took place after the Rio conference in 1992, and this emphasized the importance of local communities in natural resources management. Moreover, the results of our strategic analysis of stakeholders involved in the specific case of Participatory Forest Management Plan (PFMP) of the “Forêt des Trois Rivières” showed that it is important to emphasize on active community participation while designing a participatory management plan and for decision making at the implementation stage. We also observed that alliances between foresters and timber loggers are likely to hinder the achievement of the PFM objectives.
Novel Distance and Similarity Measures for Probabilistic Hesitant Fuzzy Set and Its Applications in Stock Selection Problems
Authors: Joshi Dheeraj Kumar , Awasthi Natasha
Published: April 2022

The consensus of randomness and ambiguity exists in real world problems. To depict fuzziness, randomness and statistical ambiguity in a single framework, we develop an interactive approach to MCDM method, in which assessment of alternative over attributes are provided by probabilistic hesitant fuzzy elements (PHFEs). This method provides a tool to the decision makers for reasonable ranking of alternatives. The core intention of this paper is to define a series of novel distance and similarity measures and score function for PHFEs. To demonstrate the effectiveness of developed model, a real case study is taken as an example. To completely describe statistical and non-statistical uncertainty, suitable probability distribution function is associated with each element of constructed HFSs. The proposed method is more superior to other MCDM methods, because of introducing probabilistic information in HFEs, which can be helpful to ensure the integrality and accurateness of hesitant fuzzy information.
Convergence, Consistence, and Stability Analysis of One-Step Methods for First-Order Intuitionistic Fuzzy Differential Equations
Authors: Ben Amma Bouchra , Melliani Said , Chadli Lalla Saadia
Published: April 2022

In this work, we consider the initial value problems in intuitionistic fuzzy ordinary differential equations. The one-step method for approximating the solution of these problems has been defined. The convergence, consistency, and stability of the difference method for approximating the solution of intuitionistic fuzzy differential equations are studied, and the local truncation error is defined. The accuracy and efficiency of the proposed concept are illustrated by solving some numerical examples.
Impact of Learning on the Inventory Model of Deteriorating Imperfect Quality Items With Inflation and Credit Financing Under Fuzzy Environment
Authors: Jayaswal Mahesh Kumar , Mittal Mandeep
Published: April 2022

The present paper contributes to a set of models capturing economic order quantity with learning effect and fuzzy environment for decaying defective quality items under the inflation condition and credit financing. In real-life situations, the demand is uncertain and is controlled with fuzzy numbers. When each item goes through inspection process, the screening rate is assumed to be more than the demand rate otherwise shortages may occur and this consideration also helps one to meet their demand parallel to the screening process, out of the items which are of perfect quality. Further, the defective items are sold immediately after the screening process as a single lot at a discounted price. Further, the fraction of defective items follows the S-shaped learning curve. An expression for the total fuzzy profit of the retailer has been de-fuzzified with the help of a signed distance method and maximizes the cycle length. Conclusively, sensitive analysis has been presented on the various effective parameters of the inventory model.