bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hypert: hypernymy-aware BERT with Hearst pattern exploitation for hypernym discovery
Authors: Yun Geonil , Lee Yongjae , Moon A-Seong , Lee Jaesung
Published: September 2023

Hypernym discovery is challenging because it aims to find suitable instances for a given hyponym from a predefined hypernym vocabulary. Existing hypernym discovery methods used supervised learning with word embedding from word2vec. However, word2vec embedding suffers from low embedding quality regarding unseen or rare noun phrases because entire noun phrases are embedded into a single vector. Recently, prompting methods have attempted to find hypernyms using pretrained language models with masked prompts. Although language models alleviate the problem of w embeddings, general-purpose language models are ineffective for capturing hypernym relationships. Considering the hypernym relationship to be a linguistic domain, we introduce , which is further pretrained using masked language modeling with Hearst pattern sentences. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first attempt in the hypernym relationship discovery field. We also present a fine-tuning strategy for training with special input prompts for the hypernym discovery task. The proposed method outperformed the comparison methods and achieved statistically significant results in three subtasks of hypernym discovery. Additionally, we demonstrate the effectiveness of the several proposed components through an in-depth analysis. The code is available at: https://github.com/Gun1Yun/Hypert.
Effect of Rhizobium mechanisms in improving tolerance to saline stress in lettuce plants
Authors: Ayuso-Calles Miguel , Flores-Félix José David , Amaro Filipa , García-Estévez Ignacio , Jiménez-Gómez Alejandro , de Pinho Paula Guedes , Escribano-Bailón M. Teresa , Rivas Raúl
Published: September 2023

Background

Soils affected by salinity are a recurring problem that is continually increasing due to the impact of climate change on weather conditions and ineffective agricultural management practices. The use of plant growth promoting (PGP) Bacteria can alleviate its effects. In this regard, the genus Rhizobium has demonstrated excellent PGP capabilities through various plant growth promotion mechanisms and may therefore be a promising biofortifier under saline conditions. However, little is known about the production of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) by bacteria of this genus and their effects on plant development. Here, we aim to characterize the volatilome (the set of volatile metabolites synthesized by an organism) of Rhizobium for the first time and to further investigate the direct and VOC-mediated interaction between a strain of this genus and lettuce, a crop severely affected by salinity, both under saline and non-saline conditions.

Results

In this study, it was shown that the use of Rhizobium sp. GPTR29 was able to increase the production of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) under normal and saline conditions. We analyzed the Rhizobium volatilome under non-saline (0 mM NaCl) and saline (100 mM NaCl) conditions by HS-SPME-GC‒MS and found a differential composition in response to salinity. We detected 20 different compounds, where 3-methyl-1-butanol, 2-methyl-1-butanol, and α-pinene were the backbone of the Rhizobium volatilome. Exposure to these compounds in bicameral plates under salt stress resulted in increases in plant development of 17.1%, 16.0% and 33.1% in aerial part size, number of leaves and root length, respectively. Under greenhouse conditions and salinity, the inoculation of Rhizobium sp. GPTR29 resulted in an increase of 17.8% and 27.4% in shoot fresh and dry weight, respectively. Phenolic compounds were analyzed by HPLC–DAD-MS, revealing an increase in total flavonoid content under salinity conditions (100 mM NaCl) and apigenin derivative, luteolin 7-O-glucoside and quercetin 3-O-glucuronide individually.

Conclusions

These results provide new avenues for the study of PGP mechanisms in this bacterial genus, such as VOCs and their effects on plant growth, which play an important role in mediating plant–microorganism interactions.

Graphical abstract
Effect of different types of ethylene scavengers used in different combinations, on the post-harvest quality and phytochemicals retention of tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L.)
Authors: Zakriya Muhammad , Hussain Ashiq , Mahdi Amer Ali , Yasmeen Farhat , Kausar Tusneem , Rehman Abdul , Yaqub Shazia , Fatima Pinky , Noreen Saima , Kabir Khurram , Nisar Rizwan , Gorsi Faiza Iftikhar , Fatima Haya , Korma Sameh A.
Published: September 2023

Background

Ripening of climacteric vegetable, tomato, is a complicated process that results in numerous physiological and biochemical changes, and role of ethylene in this phenomenon is very crucial. Use of different ethylene scavengers can control the post-harvest ripening and quality of tomatoes. In current study, combinations of chemicals as 2% CaCl2 and KMnO4 (T1), 1 mM salicylic acid and KMnO4 (T2), 2% CaCl2 and K2Cr2O7 (T3) and 1 mM salicylic acid and K2Cr2O7 (T4), were tested to study their effect on pH, acidity, total soluble solids (TSS), vitamin C, lycopene, phenolics, flavonoids and antioxidant activity of treated tomatoes, after 30 and 40 days of storage.

Results

Weight loss and titratable acidity were significantly reduced in treated tomatoes, even after 40 days, which were high in untreated tomatoes. Total phenolic contents (TPC), total flavonoid contents (TFC) and vitamin C, were significantly lesser in untreated tomatoes after 30 and 40 days of storage, but use of ethylene scavengers caused increment in these phytochemicals during post-harvest storage, with more prominent results of T1. Highest lycopene was found in T0 (9.76 ± 0.2 mg/100 g), due to fully ripened and spoiled tomatoes, as compared to treated samples, while the lowest value was found in T1 (4.82 ± 0.20 mg/100 g). Highest antioxidant activity was detected in T1 (33.80 ± 0.52%), whereas the lowest antioxidant activity was noticed in T0 (22.00 ± 0.2%).

Conclusion

Findings revealed that during the storage period, the 50 g KMnO4 sachet + 2% CaCl2 exerted most superior effects than the other treatments, and extended the shelf-life of tomato fruits for up to 40 days, with no quality and phytochemicals deterioration. Therefore, tomatoes could be harvested at breaker stage, to optimize the ripening process during storage, through application of ethylene scavengers.

Graphical abstract
Clinical application of Al18F-NOTA-FAPI PET/CT in diagnosis and TNM staging of pancreatic adenocarcinoma, compared to 18F-FDG
Authors: Lyu Zhehao , Han Wei , Zhang Qi , Zhao Hongyue , Liu Shan , Wang Yan , He Jin , Zhao Changjiu , Tian Lin , Fu Peng
Published: September 2023

Purpose

This study aimed to investigate the ability of Al18F-NOTA-FAPI PET/CT to diagnose pancreatic carcinoma and tumor-associated inflammation with the comparison of 18F-FDG PET/CT.

Methods

Prospective analysis of Al18F-NOTA-FAPI PET/CT and 18F-FDG PET/CT scans of 31 patients from 05/2021 to 05/2022 were analyzed. Al18F-NOTA-FAPI imaging was performed in patients who had Ce-CT and FDG PET/CT and the diagnosis was still unclear. Follow-up histopathology or radiographic examination confirmed the findings. Radiotracer uptake, diagnostic performance, and TNM (tumor-node-metastasis) classifications were compared.

Results

A total of 31 patients with pancreatic carcinoma (all were adenocarcinoma) underwent Al18F-NOTA-FAPI-04 PET/CT, including 20 male and 11 female patients, with a mean age of 58.2 ± 8.5 years. FAPI-04 PET/CT imaging showed a higher value of SUVmax-15min/30min/60min, SUVmean-15min/30min/60min, TBR1, and TBR2 in pancreatic carcinoma than FDG (all P < 0.01). The mean level of Al18F-NOTA FAPI-04 uptake values of the pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma was higher than that of pancreatitis in both SUVmax-30min (P < 0.01), SUVmean-30min (P < 0.05), SUVmax-60min (P < 0.01), and SUVmean-60min (P < 0.01). The FAPI △SUVmax-1, △SUVmax-2, and △SUVmean-2 uptake values of pancreatic carcinoma were higher than tumor-associated inflammation (all P < 0.01). TNM staging of 16/31 patients changed after Al18F-NOTA FAPI-04 PET/CT examination with all upstaging changes.

Conclusion

Al18F-NOTA-FAPI-04 PET/CT at 15 and 30 min also demonstrated an equivalent detection ability of pancreatic lesion to 18F-FDG PET/CT. Delayed-phase Al18F-NOTA-FAPI-04 PET/CT can help differentiate pancreatic carcinoma and tumor-associated inflammation. Al18F-NOTA FAPI-04 PET/CT also performed better than FDG PET/CT in TNM staging.

Trial registration

Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR2100051406. Registered 23 September 2021, https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=133033
Dexamethasone suppression for 18F-FDG PET/CT to localize ACTH-secreting pituitary tumors
Authors: Kim Kyungwon , Kim Dong Kyu , Moon Ju Hyung , Kim Eui Hyun , Kim Sun Ho , Ku Cheol Ryong , Lee Eun Jig
Published: September 2023

Background

18Fluorine-Fluoro-deoxy-glucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) is widely used for diagnosing various malignant tumors and evaluating metabolic activities. Although the usefulness of 18F-FDG PET has been reported in several endocrine diseases, studies on pituitary disease are extremely limited. To evaluate whether dexamethasone (DEX) suppression can improve 18F-FDG PET for the localization of adrenocorticotropic hormone-secreting adenomas in the pituitary gland in Cushing’s disease (CD).

Methods

We included 22 patients with CD who underwent PET imaging before and after DEX administration. We compared the success rates of PET before and after DEX suppression, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and bilateral inferior petrosal sinus sampling (BIPSS). We determined the final locations of adenomas based on intraoperative multiple-staged resection and tumor tissue identification using frozen sections. Standardized uptake value (SUV) were analyzed to confirm the change of intensity of adenomas on PET.

Results

Twenty-two patients were included (age at diagnosis: 37 [13–56] years), and most were women (90.91%). Pituitary adenomas compared to normal pituitaries showed increased maximum SUV after DEX suppression but without statistical significance (1.13 versus. 1.21, z=-0.765, P = 0.444). After DEX suppression, the mean and maximum SUV of adenomas showed a positive correlation with nadir cortisol levels in high-dose DEX suppression test (Rho = 0.554, P = 0.007 and Rho = 0.503, P = 0.017, respectively). In reference sites, mean SUV of cerebellum was significantly decreased (7.65 vs. 6.40, P = 0.006*), but those of the thalamus and gray matter was increased after DEX suppression (thalamus, 8.70 vs. 11.20, P = 0.010*; gray matter, 6.25 vs. 7.95, P = 0.010*).

Conclusion

DEX suppression did not improve 18F-FDG PET/CT localization in patients with CD.
Framing protocol optimization in oncological Patlak parametric imaging with uKinetics
Authors: Ye Qing , Zeng Hao , Zhao Yizhang , Zhang Weiguang , Dong Yun , Fan Wei , Lu Yihuan
Published: September 2023

Purpose

Total-body PET imaging with ultra-high sensitivity makes high-temporal-resolution framing protocols possible for the first time, which allows to capture rapid tracer dynamic changes. However, whether protocols with higher number of temporal frames can justify the efficacy with substantially added computation burden for clinical application remains unclear. We have developed a kinetic modeling software package (uKinetics) with the advantage of practical, fast, and automatic workflow for dynamic total-body studies. The aim of this work is to verify the uKinetics with PMOD and to perform framing protocol optimization for the oncological Patlak parametric imaging.

Methods

Six different protocols with 100, 61, 48, 29, 19 and 12 temporal frames were applied to analyze 60-min dynamic 18F-FDG PET scans of 10 patients, respectively. Voxel-based Patlak analysis coupled with automatically extracted image-derived input function was applied to generate parametric images. Normal tissues and lesions were segmented manually or automatically to perform correlation analysis and Bland–Altman plots. Different protocols were compared with the protocol of 100 frames as reference.

Results

Minor differences were found between uKinetics and PMOD in the Patlak parametric imaging. Compared with the protocol with 100 frames, the relative difference of the input function and quantitative kinetic parameters remained low for protocols with at least 29 frames, but increased for the protocols with 19 and 12 frames. Significant difference of lesion Ki values was found between the protocols with 100 frames and 12 frames.

Conclusion

uKinetics was proved providing equivalent oncological Patlak parametric imaging comparing to PMOD. Minor differences were found between protocols with 100 and 29 frames, which indicated that 29-frame protocol is sufficient and efficient for the oncological 18F-FDG Patlak applications, and the protocols with more frames are not needed. The protocol with 19 frames yielded acceptable results, while that with 12 frames is not recommended.
Effect of lifestyle or metformin interventions before IVF/ICSI treatment on infertile women with overweight/obese and insulin resistance: a factorial design randomised controlled pilot trial
Authors: Wang Xiaojuan , Cai Sufen , Tang Sha , Yang Lanlin , Tan Jing , Sun Xin , Gong Fei
Published: September 2023

Background

For infertile women with overweight/obesity and insulin resistance (IR), it is uncertain whether intervention before infertility treatment can improve live birth rate (LBR). We implemented a factorial-design study to explore the effectiveness of lifestyle and metformin interventions. This pilot study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of a definitive study.

Methods

We randomised 80 women without polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) who planned to start their first or second IVF/ICSI treatment with a body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m2 and IR. Participants were randomised (1:1:1:1) into four groups: (A) lifestyle intervention, (B) metformin intervention, (C) lifestyle + metformin intervention, or (D) no intervention. All interventions were performed before IVF/ICSI treatment.

Results

During 10 months, 114 women were screened and eligible; 80 were randomised, and 72 received the assigned treatment. The recruitment rate was 70.18% (80/114, 95% CI 61.65%–78.70%). An average of 10 participants were randomised each month. None of the participants crossed over from one group to another. Approximately 93.15% (68/73) of the participants achieved good intervention compliance. Only 77.78% (56/72) of the recruited participants started infertility treatment after achieving the goal of the intervention. All randomised participants completed the follow-up. Mild adverse events after metformin administration were reported in 43.24% (16/37) of the cases, although no serious adverse events related to the interventions occurred. The LBR for groups A + C and B + D were 33.33% (12/36) and 33.33% (12/36) (RR = 1.00, 95%CI:0.52–1.92) (lifestyle intervention effect). The LBR for groups B + C and A + D were 43.24% (16/37) and 22.86% (8/35) (RR = 1.89, 95% CI:0.93–3.86) (metformin intervention effect). There was no evidence for an intervention interaction between lifestyle and metformin. We cannot yet confirm the effects of lifestyle, metformin, or their interaction owing to the insufficient sample size in this pilot study.

Conclusions

Instituting a 2 × 2 factorial design randomized controlled trial (RCT) is feasible, as the pilot study showed a high recruitment rate and compliance. There is no evidence that lifestyle or metformin improves live birth, and adequately powered clinical trials are required.

Trial registration

clinicaltrials.gov NCT03898037. Registered: April 1, 2019.
Personalized Biomarker-Based Umbrella Trial for Patients With Recurrent or Metastatic Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: KCSG HN 15-16 TRIUMPH Trial
Authors: Keam Bhumsuk , Hong Min Hee , Shin Seong Hoon , Heo Seong Gu , Kim Ji Eun , Ahn Hee Kyung , Lee Yun-Gyoo , Park Keon-Uk , Yun Tak , Lee Keun-Wook , Kim Sung-Bae , Lee Sang-Cheol , Kim Min Kyoung , Cho Sang Hee , Oh So Yeon , Park Sang-Gon , Hwang Shinwon , Nam Byung-Ho , Kim Sangwoo , Kim Hye Ryun , Yun Hwan Jung ,   on behalf of KCSG TRIUMPH Investigators
Published: September 2023

PURPOSE

A precise oncologic approach for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is necessary. We performed a genomic profile-based umbrella trial for the patients with platinum-refractory recurrent and/or metastatic HNSCC.

METHODS

In this multicenter, open-label, single-arm phase II trial, we performed targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS). Patients were assigned to each treatment arm on the basis of their matching genomic profiles: arm 1, alpelisib, a PIK3CA inhibitor; arm 2, poziotinib, an epidermal growth factor receptor/HER2 inhibitor; arm 3, nintedanib, an fibroblast growth factor receptor inhibitor; and arm 4, abemaciclib, a CDK4/6 inhibitor. If there was no matching target, patients were allocated to arm 5, duvalumab ± tremelimumab, anti–PD-L1/cytotoxic T-cell lymphocyte-4 inhibitor. When progressive disease (PD) occurred in arms 1-4, cross over to arm 5 was allowed. The primary end point was disease control rate (DCR) in arm 1 and overall response rate (ORR) in arms 2-5 by investigator assessment.

RESULTS

Between October 2017 and August 2020, 203 patients were enrolled, including crossover. In arm 1, the ORR was 21.2% and DCR was 65.6%. The ORR was 0% for arm 2, 42.9% for arm 3, 0% for arm 4, and 15.6% for arm 5. In the case of PD with durvalumab, tremelimumab was added, and the ORR for durvalumab + tremelimumab was 2.2%. The median progression-free survival was 3.4, 3.2, 5.6, 1.6, and 1.7 months for each arm, respectively. The median overall survival was 12.4, 6.1, 11.1, 9.1, and 12.7 months, respectively. Overall, the toxicity profiles were manageable, and there were no treatment-related deaths.

CONCLUSION

To our knowledge, this study is the first biomarker-driven umbrella trial for platinum-refractory HNSCC using matched molecular targeted agents. We found that NGS-based genomic phenotyping was methodologically feasible and applicable.
Auto-Brewery Syndrome and General Anesthesia: A Case Report
Authors: Key Brandon , Sawicki Caroline M. , Cornelius Bryant , Ness Gregory , Herlich Andrew , Wade Spencer D.
Published: September 2023

Auto-brewery syndrome (ABS) is a rare condition in which ethanol is endogenously fermented by fungi in the gut following a carbohydrate-rich meal, resulting in intoxication. We present a case of a patient with ABS successfully undergoing general anesthesia for symptomatic wisdom tooth extraction. During previous anesthetics, the patient had experienced postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) and awareness under anesthesia. Patients with ABS can be optimized for anesthesia by assessing hepatic function, avoiding perioperative oral carbohydrates, increasing anesthetic depth, multimodal PONV prophylaxis, and avoidance of broad-spectrum antibiotics.
Fatigue Resistance Is Altered during the High-Hormone Phase of Eumenorrheic Females but not Oral Contraceptive Users
Authors: Lee Serene J.L. , Sim Marc , Van Rens Fleur E.C.A. , Peiffer Jeremiah J.
Published: September 2023

Purpose

To examine the effect of ovarian hormones and their synthetic equivalents on substrate utilisation and fatigue resistance during a race-specific cycling protocol.

Methods

17 well-trained female cyclists (9 eumenorrheic females, 8 oral contraceptive users), completed two experimental trials, in a randomised order, in their low (follicular/sugar pill) and high-hormone (luteal/active pill) phases. Each 91-min trial consisted of a 45-min moderate-intensity component (SMC) followed by 6-min of high-intensity (HIT) and then a fatigue resistance test (FRT): 6x1-min all-out efforts with 1-min active recovery. Meals, comprising carbohydrate (CHO) intake of 8 g.kg-1 body mass, were standardised 24-h pre-trial. An electrolyte-only solution was provided ad-libitum during each trial.

Results

In eumenorrheic females, a large reduction in average power during FRT was observed in the luteal phase (277 ± 31 vs. 287 ± 33 W; P = 0.032). Greater CHOox (~ 4 %, P = 0.020) during SMC and ventilatory inefficiencies during SMC and HIT (~ 7 %, P < 0.001) were also observed in the luteal phase. In OC users, despite some phasal changes in cardiorespiratory and metabolic data in SMC (~6% higher blood glucose and ~ 2% higher minute ventilation in active pill phase), none of the performance parameters in the FRT were different.

Conclusions

Fatigue resistance was compromised only in high-hormone phase of the menstrual cycle, with eumenorrheic females likely susceptible due to increased CHO utilisation during SMC. Hormone-induced ventilatory inefficiencies may also have increased metabolic demand. These findings emphasise the need to maintain CHO availability for power production, particularly in high-hormone phases.
AI in medical imaging grand challenges: translation from competition to research benefit and patient care
Authors: Armato Samuel G , Drukker Karen , Hadjiiski Lubomir
Published: September 2023

Artificial intelligence (AI), in one form or another, has been a part of medical imaging for decades. The recent evolution of AI into approaches such as deep learning has dramatically accelerated the application of AI across a wide range of radiologic settings. Despite the promises of AI, developers and users of AI technology must be fully aware of its potential biases and pitfalls, and this knowledge must be incorporated throughout the AI system development pipeline that involves training, validation, and testing. Grand challenges offer an opportunity to advance the development of AI methods for targeted applications and provide a mechanism for both directing and facilitating the development of AI systems. In the process, a grand challenge centralizes (with the challenge organizers) the burden of providing a valid benchmark test set to assess performance and generalizability of participants’ models and the collection and curation of image metadata, clinical/demographic information, and the required reference standard. The most relevant grand challenges are those designed to maximize the open-science nature of the competition, with code and trained models deposited for future public access. The ultimate goal of AI grand challenges is to foster the translation of AI systems from competition to research benefit and patient care. Rather than reference the many medical imaging grand challenges that have been organized by groups such as MICCAI, RSNA, AAPM, and grand-challenge.org, this review assesses the role of grand challenges in promoting AI technologies for research advancement and for eventual clinical implementation, including their promises and limitations.
Artificial intelligence in mental healthcare: an overview and future perspectives
Authors: Jin Kevin W , Li Qiwei , Xie Yang , Xiao Guanghua
Published: September 2023

Artificial intelligence is disrupting the field of mental healthcare through applications in computational psychiatry, which leverages quantitative techniques to inform our understanding, detection, and treatment of mental illnesses. This paper provides an overview of artificial intelligence technologies in modern mental healthcare and surveys recent advances made by researchers, focusing on the nascent field of digital psychiatry. We also consider the ethical implications of artificial intelligence playing a greater role in mental healthcare.
Reduction of hydrocarbon pollutants by hyacinth plants (Eichhornia crassipes)
Authors: Nedi Syahril , Effendi Irwan , Tanjung Afrizal , Elizal Elizal
Published: September 2023

Background: The application of phytoremediation by utilizing plants has been used to control oil pollution in waters. One of the plants that can act as a phytoremediator is the hyacinth because this plant can reduce various pollutants including petroleum hydrocarbons. This study aims to study the reduction ability of petroleum hydrocarbons at different concentrations including improving water quality.

Methods: This research used an experimental method implementing a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with one factor, namely TPH concentration with five treatment levels and three replications. The treatments were as follows E1 (10 mg/L), E2 (30 mg/L), E3 (50 mg/L), E4 (70 mg/L), and E5 (90 mg/L), and E0 (control) was carried out only at the highest concentration (90 mg/L), aiming to see whether there was a TPH reduction process without plants. Maintenance of water hyacinth was carried out in media with salinity (3 ppt). Observations were made for 14 days, with measurements of TPH and leaf chlorophyll content observed at D-1, D-7 and D-14. While water quality parameters such as temperature, pH and dissolved oxygen were observed every 2 days

Results: The results showed that the hyacinth plant was able to reduce hydrocarbon in terms of total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) by 79% while it was only between 17–27% naturally without the hyacinth. The reduction of TPH in the water was in line with the decrease of chlorophyll in the leaves of hyacinths, and it was followed by the increase of dissolved oxygen in the water media.

Conclusions: In conclusion, hyacinths can reduce petroleum hydrocarbons and they can improve the water quality as well. Futhermore, water hyacinth which are commonly found in freshwater can be used as phytoremediatiors in coastal area; its application in coastal areas requires futher study
Comparative evaluation of periapical healing in response to calcium hydroxide, polydimethyl siloxane and calcium silicate based endodontic sealers using radiograph
Authors: Umre Utkarsh , Sedani Shweta , Nikhade Pradnya , Bansod Akansha Vilas , Mishra Abeer
Published: September 2023

Background: Success of root canal treatment depends upon 3-D seal obtained after obturation without any presence of post-operative symptoms. The focus of this investigation is on ability of a sealer to form 3D seal and to reduce periapical lesion. The study aims to evaluate periapical healing of teeth treated with calcium hydroxide, polydimethyl siloxane and calcium silicate based endodontic sealers using radiograph. The objectives of this study will be to evaluate periapical healing ability of root canal treated teeth with Sealapex, Nanoseal-S and Bio-ceramic sealers over the time period of 3, 6 and 9 months; and to compare the periapical healing ability of a root canal treated tooth. 

Methods:  A total of 60 subjects having periapical radiolucencies will be divided into 3 groups of 20 subjects each; Group I- Calcium hydroxide based, Group II- Polydimethyl siloxane based and Group III- Calcium Silicate based sealers. Root canal procedure will be done. Patients will be recalled after 3, 6, 9 months for the evaluation of periapical healing and PAI score check-up using intraoral periapical radiograph. 

Expected results: It is expected that among the material used in the study Bio-Ceramic and Nanoseal-S sealer may give better results as compared to Sealapex used in routine practice due to its ability of anti-microbial properties, optimal biocompatibility and excellent sealing ability.

Conclusion: Comparison amongst the three sealers would provide us with the information about the best material which offers better periapical healing to get the best outcome of the root canal treatment by clinician.
Predicting multi-vascular diseases in patients with coronary artery disease
Authors: Adiarto Suko , Nurachman Luthfian Aby , Dewangga Raditya , Indriani Suci , Taofan Taofan , Alkatiri Amir Aziz , Firman Doni , Santoso Anwar
Published: September 2023

Background: Because of its systemic nature, the occurrence of atherosclerosis in the coronary arteries can also indicate a risk for other vascular diseases.  However, screening program targeted for all patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) is highly ineffective and no studies have assessed the risk factors for developing multi-vascular diseases in general. This study constructed a predictive model and scoring system to enable targeted screening for multi-vascular diseases in CAD patients.

Methods: This cross-sectional study includes patients with CAD, as diagnosed during coronary angiography or percutaneous coronary intervention from March 2021 to December 2021. Coronary artery stenosis (CAS) and abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) were diagnosed using Doppler ultrasound while peripheral artery disease (PAD) was diagnosed based on ABI score. Multivariate logistic regression was conducted to construct the predictive model and risk scores. Validation was conducted using ROC analysis and Hosmer-Lemeshow test.

Results: Multivariate analysis showed that ages of >60 years (OR [95% CI] = 1.579 [1.153-2.164]), diabetes mellitus (OR = 1.412 [1.036-1.924]), cerebrovascular disease (OR = 3.656 [2.326-5.747]), and CAD3VD (OR = 1.960 [1.250-3.073]) increased the odds for multi-vascular disease. The model demonstrated good predictive capability (AUC = 0.659) and was well-calibrated (Hosmer-Lemeshow p = 0.379). Targeted screening for high-risk patients reduced the number needed to screen (NNS) from 6 in the general population to 3 and has a high specificity of 96.5%

Conclusions: Targeted screening using clinical risk scores was able to decrease NNS with good predictive capability and high specificity
Faculty development for strengthening online teaching capability: a mixed-methods study of what staff want, evaluated with Kirkpatrick’s model of teaching effectiveness
Authors: Singleton Rachelle , Ruiz Cosignani Daniela , Kam Monica , Clune Megan , Charlton Amanda , Jowsey Tanisha
Published: September 2023

Background: Globally, tertiary teachers are increasingly being pushed and pulled into online teaching. While most developments in online education have focused on the student perspective, few studies have reported faculty development (FD) initiatives for increasing online teaching capability and confidence from a staff perspective.

Method: We designed and evaluated FD workshops, using five datasets, and the use of H5P software for interactive online teaching. We used educational theory to design our FD (Mayer multimedia principles, active learning) and evaluated our FD initiatives using the Best Evidence Medical Education (BEME) 2006 modified Kirkpatrick levels.

Results: Teaching staff reported that Communities of Practice were important for their learning and emotional support. Uptake and deployment of FD skills depended on the interactivity of FD sessions, their timeliness, and sufficient time allocated to attend and implement. Staff who applied FD learning to their online teaching created interactive learning resources. This content was associated with an increase in student grades, and the roll-out of an institutional site-wide H5P license.

Conclusion: This paper demonstrates an effective strategy for upskilling and upscaling faculty development. The use of H5P as a teaching tool enhances student learning. For successful FD, we make four recommendations. These are: provide just-in-time learning and allocate time for FD and staff to create online teaching material; foster supportive communities; offer personalized support; and design hands on active learning.
Historical Geographies of Coastal Tourism: Mossel Bay, South Africa c.1850-1988
Authors: Rogerson Jayne M. , Rogerson Christian M.
Published: September 2023

During the past decade there has occurred a burst of international research and debate on coastal tourism as part of the ‘blue economy’ including a growth of geography-specific scholarship. Arguably, however, within the extant geographical literature there is an overwhelming ‘present-mindedness’ and limited historical perspectives. This paper addresses this neglected knowledge gap by using an historical approach and archival sources to undertake a locality-based study of the historical transitions which have shaped and reshaped one coastal settlement in South Africa. The Mossel Bay area is of considerable historical significance because of its long history of indigenous settlement before the first European contacts triggered by the arrival in 1488 of Bartholomew Diaz and crew who were in search for a trading sea route for Portugal to India. The nature of the colonial growth of tourism in Mossel Bay and the distinctive tourism economy of the town under apartheid is interrogated. This culminated in the scripting of the controversial 1988 Dias festival hosted to celebrate the opening of ‘apartheid’s last museum’ which occurred before Mossel Bay would experience a radical social transition following South Africa’s democratic elections. Overall, the evolutionary pathways and transitions in the historical geography of this coastal locality are the focus of discussion.
The meaning of lithium and naltrexone pharmacotherapy in the treatment of borderline personality disorder – a narrative review
Authors: Wingralek Zuzanna Joanna , Marczak Aleksandra , Tomasik Justyna , Giermasiński Adrian , Dzikowski Michał
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Borderline personality disorder (BPD) affects approximately 1%-3% of the population. As the most common personality disorder, BPD features behavioural, emotional and social dysfunctions. It often co-occurs with self-harm, suicidal tendencies and substance abuse. To date, pharmacological treatment does not provide sufficient therapeutic effects. The aim of our study is to analyse the neurobiological, genetic and environmental components in the aetiopathogenesis of BPD and to collect data on the innovative use of lithium and naltrexone in the therapy of BPD.
Methods: Basing on PubMed and Google Scholar databases using the following keywords: borderline, lithium, naltrexone for papers published from 1979 to 2022.
Results: Difficult childhood, and emotional, sexual and physical abuse are the strongest predictors of BPD development. The core symptoms of BPD may be related to dysfunction of the serotonin, dopaminergic, endogenous system and opioid systems. Variation in 5-HTT, COMT, FKBP5 and oxytocin receptor genes may influence the course of BPD. Imaging studies have shown structural and functional abnormalities in the prefrontal cortex, amygdala and hippocampus. Lithium reduces impulsivity, aggression, suicidal tendencies and self-harm in BPD. Naltrexone may effectively reduce self-harm without suicidal tendencies, impulsivity, substance abuse and suicidality.
Conclusions: No unified model has been developed to account for environmental, genetic and neurobiological components in the pathogenesis of BPD. Understanding the mechanisms is a crucial step towards personalising treatment. The use of lithium and naltrexone may have positive therapeutic effects. Randomised clinical trials are required to establish the efficacy and safety of both drugs in long-term treatment.

Keywords: borderline, lithium, naltrexone
How to Enhance Circular Agriculture Models at Micro-Level in Vietnam? A Review
Authors: Ninh Nguyen Thi Hai , Le Nguyen Phuong , Chung Do Kim
Published: September 2023

Vietnam's agricultural sector has achieved remarkable progress in recent years, ensuring both food security and export turnover for the country. However, the current focus on productivity and output alone is wasteful and detrimental to the environment. To address this, a shift from linear to circular agriculture is advocated, encompassing not only production but also consumption. While circular economy (CE) in agriculture is a new concept in Vietnam, various stakeholders at the micro-level, such as farmers, cooperatives, and enterprises, have been practicing circular agriculture for some time. Nevertheless, most of these models have emerged spontaneously without cohesive development across regions. Although the Vietnamese government have introduced policies promoting green production and CE, they have provided little guidance on promoting circular agricultural models at the micro-level. This paper presents a concise overview of CE in agriculture, synthesizes typical micro-level models of CE in Vietnam, and proposes policy recommendations to enhance existing circular agriculture models, including raising awareness among stakeholders about circular agriculture, encouraging investment in circular agriculture, enhancing the capacity of agricultural producers in recycling and reusing by-products, and establishing an appropriate legal framework.
Women at the Forefront of Environmental Conservation
Authors: Mathur Rashmi , Katyal Roma , Bhalla Vandna , Tanwar Lakshmi , Mago Payal , Gunwal Isha
Published: September 2023

Environmental degradation and its deterioration are due to the irresponsible use of natural resources. Anthropogenic activities and consumerist lifestyles have disrupted the balance of nature. The environment is threatened by the destruction of ecosystems, the extinction of flora and fauna, and the pollution of the air, water, and soil. Degradation of the environment is a serious global issue. This has led to numerous conflicts in society. As a result, many environmental movements emerged to protect the environment. Many such movements have been initiated by women. Women contribute significantly to protecting and restoring the environment as they have extensive traditional and modern knowledge of their surroundings. Women are often in charge of caring for and protecting natural resources within their households and communities. They are significantly impacted by environmental destruction and degradation since it eliminates their means of subsistence. Women's contributions to household activities are undeniable, but their contributions to other fields, such as social, political, economic, etc., are not prioritized. Women's participation in environmental protection has helped societies cultivate the responsibility essential for maintaining a healthy relationship between human needs and the Earth's resources to ensure a sustainable future. This paper highlights/summarizes the role of many inspiring women across the world who led environmental movements for a promising future. Some of these movements were hugely successful and changed people's perspectives towards the environment and conservation
Biosorption of Corafix Yellow GD3R using Halimeda gracilis and its Toxicological Assessments
Authors: Yuvanthi Prabanjan Murugan , Poonkothai Mani
Published: September 2023

The elimination of CYGDR3 with H. gracilis was performed under in vitro conditions. Optimization of process variables affecting the adsorption capacity of CYGD3R including dye concentrations, biosorbent concentrations, pH, incubation time and temperature were performed to assess the well suited optimal conditions for the extreme removal of dye. By calculating the kinetics and thermodynamics, the mechanism and feasibility of adsorption process was evaluated. The elution of the dye from the biosorbent was recorded in terms of desorption percentage using different eluents. The treated dye solution was assessed to test its toxicity against green gram seedlings and selected microbes. The results revealed that maximum dye removal (88%) was recorded at pH 6 in the medium amended with 300mg/L of dye with 200mg/L of biosorbent at 25oC within 72hrs of incubation. Moreover application of H.gracilis for CYGDR3 removal confirmed the process of biosorption strongly comply the pseudo-second order kinetic model assisted through chemisorption. The adsorption remained endothermal, feasible and spontaneous as evident from thermodynamic study. Desorption using the eluent 0.1N HNO3 revealed 60% recovery of the dye from the biosorbent in the first cycle and a decrease was noted in further cycle. The process of dye decolorization by H.gracilis was confirmed by UV-Visible spectral analysis. The phytotoxicity study revealed significant growth on green gram seedlings grown with CYGDR3 treated solution, thereby proving its non-hazardous nature. Absence of inhibition of zone in the CYGDR3 treated solution proves its non-toxicity towards microbes. Thus, biosorption using H. gracilis proves to be a sustainable strategy for dye removal from waste water through ecofriendly approach.
RACIONALISMO, HAMARTIA E AMBIGUIDADE EM ÉDIPO REI DE SOFOCLES
Authors: Ferreira de Lima Francisco
Published: September 2023

Considerada por Aristóteles como a mais perfeita tragédia, tanto em relação à forma quanto ao conteúdo, Édipo Rei apresenta-se como uma obra potencialmente rica em interpretações, em virtude de sua capacidade de mimetizar-se no tempo e no espaço. À partir do discurso de Édipo como enunciação de uma verdade, que uma vez explicitada, revela uma outra que o leva à ruína, analisa-se a problemática da racionalidade, da hamartia e da ambiguidade como componentes substanciais desse discurso.
ALTHUSSER, LOUIS. APARELHOS IDEOLÓGICOS DE ESTADO. RIO DE JANEIRO: GRAAL, 1992, 128 P.
Authors: Lima Miranda Iderval
Published: September 2023

Presumivelmente escrito logo após as manifestações estudantis de maio de 1968, o texto de que tratamos teve repercussão em quase todas as esferas das ciências humanas, notadamente na Lingüística e, em especial, na Análise de Discurso. Seu autor, Louis Althusser, na época, chegara a ocupar um posto no Bureau Político do Partido Comunista Francês. No livro, ele procura responder, em essência, “por que as sociedades em geral, e as sociedades capitalistas contemporâneas em particular, mantêm-se, apesar das divisões e desigualdades que as caracterizam?”. Para essa questão tão ampla, Althusser sugere como pontos para discussão.
CONTROLE DE QUALIDADE NA INTERPRETAÇÃO RADIOGRÁFICA DE REABSORÇÕES ÓSSEAS PERIODONTAIS: AVALIAÇÃO EM FUNÇÃO DA TÉCNICA RADIOGRÁFICA PERIAPICAL DA BISSETRIZ E DO PARALELISMO
Authors: Gomes Filho Isaac Suzart , Gomes Martins Eliane , Guimarães Martins Ângela , Oliveira Miranda Dario Augusto , Azevêdo Rios Marcelo , Castro Trindade Soraya
Published: September 2023

Este trabalho visa comparar as técnicas periapicais do paralelismo e da bissetriz e avaliar a influência no controle de qualidade do diagnóstico radiográfico periodontal. Diferentes tipos de defeitos ósseos foram criados em dois crânios secos: horizontal, vertical, de três paredes (mesial e distal), vestibular e lingual, cratera, circunferencial e com extensão apical. Cada região que apresentava defeito ósseo foi radiografada com a técnica radiográfica periapical da bissetriz e do paralelismo, utilizando-se tempo de exposição e processamento radiográfico padronizados. Foram utilizados para comparação filmes radiográficos da marca KODAK de diferentes sensibilidades: Ultra-speed e Ektaspeed. Após processamento, as radiografias foram analisadas por examinadores calibrados e os resultados demonstraram existir significantes diferenças.
GRAÇA E GRAMSCI, CORPOS ADOÇADOS PELO AMARO DA INTOLERÂNCIA
Authors: Moreira Vicente Deocleciano
Published: September 2023

Ao ingressar numa instituição total , os símbolos, marcas físicas e adereços corporais de que o iniciado fez uso, até então, de modo livre e autônomo, na sociedade, são substituídos, forçosamente, por outras marcas físicas, símbolos e adereços corporais próprios daquele tipo de instituição total em que ele está entrando. Traços de identidade social são perdidos para outros convenientes à instituição: uma nova vida numa nova instituição. Graciliano Ramos e Antônio Gramsci têm seus corpos transformados em corpos dóceis adoçados pelo poder que sobre eles é exercido pela instituição total presídio. Esse fato que, dentre outros, aproxima o intelectual brasileiro do intelectual italiano constitui a sustentação teórica deste artigo.
SITIENTIBUS - 15 ANOS
Authors: Bispo Paim Anaci
Published: September 2023

Em sua trajetória de 15 anos, a Revista Sitientibus vem se credenciando como o primeiro veículo de divulgação da produção científica de docentes e servidores técnicos administrativos da UEFS. Criada em 1982, com objetivo de transformar-se em espaço para reunir artigos, resenhas, resultados científicos, produção literária da UEFS, Sitientibus vem acentuando cada vez mais a sua credibilidade na comunidade acadêmica. A regularização da periodicidade tem contribuído para ampliar a participação dos docentes pesquisadores e colaboradores.
ATENÇÃO À MULHER EM GINECOLOGIA: ATUAÇÃO DA ENFERMEIRA
Authors: Santana e Santana Costa Naiza , Costa Souza Vera Lúcia , Góes de Medeiros Regina Elizabeth
Published: September 2023

Este artigo aborda o papel da enfermeira no atendimento à mulher, em ginecologia, propondo uma prática voltada para a integralidade de ações básicas, conforme as diretrizes preconizadas pelo Ministério da Saúde. A enfermeira, para prestar uma assistência integral, deve respeitar a individualidade de cada mulher e reconhecer os fatores que inter- ferem positiva ou negativamente na saúde desta, bem como identificar os próprios valores envolvidos no desenvolvimento da assistência, de ma- neira que eles não influenciem na sua relação com a cliente. Destaca, ainda, que a enfermeira, ao desempenhar a função de educadora e conselheira no atendimento clínico-ginecológico, possibilita à mulher adquirir co- nhecimentos necessários para tornar-se um elemento responsável e participativo na manutenção de sua saúde.
N. 20 - Apresentação
Authors: Oliveira Lopes Raymundo Luiz
Published: September 2023

sitientibus 20, ora em nítido desdobramento, não desfaz a linha multidisciplinar que, em princípio, a norteou. Apresenta outra. O que conta é o que se fez até o momento, fundamento, inclusive, para instantes vindouros. Degraus construídos, na escada das realizações, sem a ansiedade da posse de uma construção pronta e acabada. Significa- tivamente, cumpre-se uma missão e inicia-se uma subse- qüente, garimpando horizontes que nunca se extinguem.
ARALES DE LAGOAS EM UMA ÁREA DO SEMI-ÁRIDO BAIANO
Authors: França Flavio , Gonçalves Bezerra Marcia
Published: September 2023

O presente trabalho trata das espécies de Arales ocorrentes em lagoas de uma área do semi-árido baiano. A ordem apresenta, no local, duas famílias com cinco espécies: Lemna valdiviana Phil., Lemna aequinoctialis Welwitsch, Wolffiella lingulata (Hegelm.) Hegelm. e Wolffia columbiana Karsten (LEMNACEAE) e Pistia stratiotes L. (ARACEAE).
NOTA SOBRE A ALIMENTAÇÃO DE ALBULA VULPES (LINNAEUS, 1758) (ACTINOPTERYGII: ALBULIDAE) NA PRAIA DE JAGUARIBE (ILHA DE ITAMARACÁ), PERNAMBUCO
Authors: Duarte Lopes Paulo Roberto
Published: September 2023

Foram examinados os conteúdos gastrointestinais de 85 indivíduos de A. vulpes capturados entre outubro de 1991 e abril de 1992 na Praia de Jaguaribe (Ilha de Itamaracá, Estado de Pernambuco, cerca de 07o45’S - 34o50’W). Foram identificados 14 itens alimentares. Em relação à freqüência de ocorrência, os principais itens foram matéria orgânica digerida (MOD) (26,5%), sedimentos (16,61%), Crustacea Amphipoda (11,67%), formas jovens de Crustacea Decapoda e Crustacea Isopoda (ambos com 8,13%). Em relação à freqüência numérica, elevado predo- mínio de Crustacea Copepoda Harpacticoida (92,61%) seguido por for- mas jovens de Crustacea Decapoda (2,45%) e Crustacea Amphipoda (1,91%). Na Praia de Jaguaribe, A. vulpes apresenta um hábito alimen- tar carnívoro com predomínio de Crustacea.
Continuous-variable quantum key distribution based on non-Gaussian operations with on-off detection
Authors: Chen Xiaoting , Jia Fang , Zhao Teng , Zhou Nanrun , Liu Sanqiu , Hu Liyun
Published: September 2023

Quantum key distribution (QKD) with continuous variable (CV) is an effective method for achieving the high key rate, but is also limited to a short transmission distance. To overcome this limitation, some solutions have been proposed, including non-Gaussian operations, such as photon addition and photon subtraction using ideal photon source and number-resolving detection. Here we consider the effect of non-Gaussian operation for realistic photon source and ideal on-off photon detection. In the realistic case, it is shown that the performance of CVQKD can not be improved by both photon-subtraction/addition on the right side before the entangled source reaches the channel and photon-subtraction on the left side preceding the entangled source to the sender Alice before performing heterodyne detection, but be enhanced by the photon addition on the left side in a long distance case. These results may provide a useful reference for quantum information with continuous variable.