bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Amphetamines Exacerbate then Ameliorate Respiratory Effects of Fentanyl as Their Dose Increases
Authors: BA Harrison J. Elder, , PhD Neil B. Varshneya, , PhD D. Matthew Walentiny, , PhD Patrick M. Beardsley,
Published: July 2022

Background and Purpose: The opioid epidemic remains one of the most
pressing public health crises facing the United States. Rising rates of
opioid-involved overdose deaths are presently driven primarily by
fentanyl and related synthetic opioid agonists that are resistant to
reversal by naloxone and increasingly used as adulterants or clandestine
substitutes in illicitly produced opioids, sedatives, and
psychostimulants. Deaths involving opioids typically result from lethal
respiratory depression and it is currently unknown whether co-use of
psychostimulants with opioids affects respiratory toxicity. Considering
psychostimulant overdoses have increased over 3-fold since 2013, and
half of those co-involved opioids, this is a cardinal question.
Experimental Approach: Naloxone, d-amphetamine (AMPH), and
(+/-)-methamphetamine (METH), were evaluated for their effects on basal
and fentanyl-depressed respiration. Minute volume (MVb) was measured in
awake, freely moving mice via whole-body plethysmography to quantify
fentanyl-induced respiratory depression and its modulation by dose
ranges of each test drug. Key Results: Naloxone reversed respiratory
depression induced by fentanyl only at the highest dose tested (10
mg•kg-1). Both AMPH and METH exhibited bidirectional effects on MVb
under basal conditions, producing depressions then elevations of
respiration as dose increased. Under depressed conditions the
bidirectional effects of AMPH and METH on respiration were exaggerated,
exacerbating and then reversing fentanyl-induced depression as dose
increased. Conclusions and Implications: These results indicate that
co-use of amphetamines with fentanyl may worsen respiratory depression,
but conversely, monoaminergic components of the amphetamines may
possibly be exploited to mitigate fentanyl overdose.
Two aspects of longevity are associated with the rate of loss of telomeres in birds
Authors: Dobson F. Stephen , Schull Quentin , Criscuolo François
Published: July 2022

Telomeres, the terminal repetitive DNA sequences at the ends of linear
chromosomes, have strong associations with longevity in some major taxa.
Longevity has been linked to rate of decline in telomere length in birds
and mammals, and absolute telomere length seems to be associated with
body mass in mammals. Using a phylogenetic comparative method and 30
species of birds, we examined longevity (reflected by maximum lifespan),
absolute telomere length, the rate of change in telomere length (TROC),
and body mass (often strongly associated with longevity) to ascertain
their degree of association. We divided lifespan into two life-history
components, one reflected by body size (measured as body mass), and a
component that was statistically independent of body mass. While both
lifespan and body mass were strongly associated with a family tree of
the species (viz., the phylogeny of the species), telomere measures were
not. Telomere length was not significantly associated with longevity or
body mass, or our measure of mass-independent lifespan. TROC, however,
was strongly associated with mass-independent lifespan, but to a lesser
degree with body mass. Our results supported an association of TROC and
longevity, in particular longevity that was independent of body size and
part of the pace-of-life syndrome of life histories.
Classification of biodiversity indicators based on context-dependent dynamics: A case study of a coastal fish community
Authors: Otomo Yuri , Masuda Reiji , Osada Yutaka , Kawatsu Kazutaka , Kondoh Michio
Published: July 2022

Species richness, evenness, and taxonomic diversity have been proposed
and used as indicators of biodiversity. However, the governing equations
for the dynamics of these indicators are often unknown and an
understanding of their mechanism is limited. By employing a nonlinear
forecasting-based method to the time series of 10 biodiversity
indicators of a marine fish community, we aimed to detect changes in
their dynamics and classify the indicators according to the level and
timing of dynamic changes. The 10 biodiversity indicators were
classified into three super-groups: Group I (species richness and
community center of distribution) with the most unchanged dynamics;
Group II (species diversity and total abundance) with dynamics that had
an abrupt change in the middle, presumably due to an increase in local
temperature; and Group III (species evenness) with highly variable
dynamics. Finally, a hypothesis regarding the mechanistic basis of the
dynamic similarities between the biodiversity indicators was proposed.
On Molecular Topological Characterization of Triangular and Rhombus Shaped Kekulene Tessellations
Authors: M Arulperumjothi , Prabhu Savari , Liu Jia-bao , V Lakshmi , V Manimozhi
Published: July 2022

Cycloarenes are a particular category of polycyclic aromatic
hydrocarbons that have intrigued the experimental world for decades
owing to the distinctiveness of their atomic and electrical
configurations. They are suitable venues for investigating fundamental
problems of aromaticity, particularly those involving the π-electron
distribution in complex aromatic structures. Cycloarenes have recently
attracted much attention due to their distribution as analogs for
graphene pores. Kekulene is the member of this family that has been
studied the most. For decades, its electrical structure has been a
source of contention. It’s a doughnut-shaped chemical structure of
circularly stacked benzene rings with interesting structural
characteristics that lend themselves to experimental investigations like
π-electron conjugation circuits. To predict their properties,
topological characterization of such structures is required. This paper
discusses two new series of big polycyclic compounds made by
tessellating many kekulene doughnuts to make a hypothetical molecular
belt with multiple cavities
Hemodynamic Follow-Up after Valve-in-Valve TAVR for Failed Aortic Bioprosthesis
Authors: Wilbring Manuel , Kappert Utz , S Haussig , J Winata, , Matschke Klaus , N Mangner , Arzt Sebastian , K Alexiou
Published: July 2022

Background VIV-TAVR is established and provides good initial
clinical and hemodynamic outcomes. Lacking long-term durability data
baffle the expand to lower risk patients. For those purposes, the
present study adds a hemodynamic 3-years follow-up. Methods A
total of 77 patients underwent VIV-TAVR for failing aortic bioprosthesis
during a 7-years period. Predominant mode of failure was stenosis in
87.0%. Patients had a mean age of 79.4±5.8 years and a mean logistic
EuroSCORE of 30.8±15.7%. The STS-PROM averaged 5.79±2.63%. Clinical
results and hemodynamic outcomes are reported for 30-days, 1-, 2- and
3-years. Completeness of follow-up was 100% with 44 patients at risk
after 3-years. Follow-up ranged up to 7.1 years. Results Majority
of the surgical valves were stented (94.8%) with a mean labeled size of
23.1±2.3mm and true-ID of 20.4±2.6mm. A true-ID ≤21mm had 58.4% of the
patients. Self-expanding valves were implanted in 68.8% (mean labeled
size 24.1±1.8mm) and balloon-expanded in 31.2% (mean size 24.1±1.8mm).
No patient died intraoperatively. Hospital mortality was 1.3% and
three-years survival 57.1%. All patients experienced an initial
significant dPmean-reduction to 16.8±7.1mmHg. After 3-years mean dPmean
raised to 26.0±12.2mmHg. This observation was independent from true-ID
or type of TAVR-prosthesis. Patients with a true-ID ≤21mm had a higher
initial (18.3±5.3mmHg vs. 14.9±7.1mmHg; p=0.005) and dPmean after 1-year
(29.2±8.2mmHg vs. 13.0±6.7mmHg; p=0.004). There were no significant
differences in survival. Conclusions VIV-TAVR is safe and
effective in the early period. In surgical valves with a true-ID≤21mm
inferior hemodynamic and survival outcomes must be expected.
Nonetheless, also patients with larger true-ID’s showed steadily
increasing transvalvular gradients. This raises concern about
durability.
Shell engineering in soft alginate-based capsules for culturing liver tumoroids
Authors: Peng Xuan , Janicjievic Zeljko , Lemm Sandy , Laube Markus , Pietzsch Jens , Bachmann Michael , Baraban Larysa
Published: July 2022

Functional interaction between cancer cells and the surrounding
microenvironment is still not sufficiently understood, which motivates
the tremendous interest for the development of numerous in vitro and in
vivo tumor models. Diverse parameters, e.g., transport of nutrients and
metabolites, availability of space in the confinement, interaction with
scaffolds, etc. make an impact on the size, shape, and metabolism of the
tumoroids. Herein, we demonstrate the fluidics-based low-cost
methodology to reproducibly generate the alginate and alginate-chitosan
microcapsules and apply it to grow human hepatoma (HepG2) tumoroids of
different dimensions and geometries. Focusing specifically on the
composition and thickness of the hydrogel shell, permeability of the
microcapsules is selectively tuned. The diffusion of the selected
benchmark molecules through the shell has been systematically
investigated using both, experiments and simulations, which is essential
to ensure efficient mass transfer of small molecules and prevent large
substances from reaching the encapsulated cells. Depending on available
space, phenotypically different 3D cell assemblies have been observed
inside the capsules, varying in the tightness of cell aggregations and
their shapes. Metabolic activity of tumoroids in microcapsules was
confirmed by tracking the turnover of testosterone to androstenedione
with chromatography studies in a metabolic assay. Because of the high
reproducibility, compartmentalization, and facile tuning of the shell
thickness and permeability, our system is not only a great platform for
the formation of cancer tumoroids, but also a promising tool for the
design and engineering of other cells.
Whole genome sequencing and molecular epidemiology of the 2021 African swine fever virus outbreak in the Dominican Republic
Authors: Lakin Steven M. , O'Donnell Vivian , Xu Lizhe , Barrette RW , Barnabei Jamie , Nunez Rafael , Holland Robin , Faburay Bonto , Robbe-Austerman Suelee
Published: July 2022

African swine fever (ASF) is a high-consequence transboundary disease of
domestic and wild swine often characterized by high case mortality
rates. On July 29, 2021, the Dominican Republic announced the African
swine fever virus (ASFV) had been detected in samples collected in
early- to mid-July 2021. Retrospective testing of samples collected as
part of a collaborative surveillance project between the United States
and the Dominican Republic identified ASFV in samples collected as early
as May 13, 2021. These detections represent a new outbreak of ASF in the
Dominican Republic, which had been declared free of the disease since
1981. Overall, 73 whole genomes of ASFV were sequenced from clinical
samples received during the outbreak across 18 provinces. The genomic
sequence data have been deposited in public databases to support and
expand global data sharing on this impactful disease. While the
sequences show a high degree of nucleotide identity to publicly
available ASFV genomes from Europe and Asia, they are genetically
distant from genomes in the public repositories by at least 8 previously
undescribed single nucleotide polymorphisms.
Comparison of machine learning algorithms to predict optimal dwelling time for package tour
Authors: Wahyutama Aria , Hwang Mintae
Published: July 2022

This paper shows the comparison between several well-known
classification algorithms in Machine Learning with the purpose to find
the most suitable algorithm to predict the dwelling time i.e., how long
a certain tourist should stay in a particular tourist spot. This
dwelling time prediction can be adopted for tour and travel agents to
provide optimal scheduling for their package tour. The algorithm in
question is strictly for classification because in this case, the
dwelling time does not require a very specific number of minutes, thus
the time can be classified and restricted into several time frames. The
origin and features of the dataset are described in this paper as well
as the comparison methodology to show the procedure of how the
comparison was made. Lastly, the performance results will be used to
determine which algorithm to use for this specific case and it will be
shown in a form of a graph
Evaluation of flavonoids and catechins of Venezuelan cocoa: spectroscopic characterization and quantification
Authors: Monroy Ruth , Velasquez Ingrid , Velasquez Juan , Montaño Fredina , Velazco Euclides , Salinas Nancy , Pereira Juan
Published: July 2022

Polyphenols are compounds found in diverse vegetable sources and are
used in food, pharmaceutical and cosmetics industry. Flavonoids
represent the most common and widely distributed group of vegetal
phenols. Among this group, catechins have raised the interest of areas
such as cosmetics and skin health. In this work, samples of fermented
and dried cocoa from Canoabo’s region, were characterized by Fourier
transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), UV-Visible spectroscopy and high
performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). This characterization was
carried out in order to determine the content of polyphenols, flavonoids
and more specifically - (-) epicatechin. Infrared and UV-Visible spectra
analysis indicate presence of phenolic compounds as flavonoids. The
cocoa alcoholic extract presented a polyphenols total concentration of
13.500,56 ± 0,89 mg AG/L, the amount of flavonoids in the concentrated
extract was 7.792,2 ± 0,3 mg EC/L and 1.434,4 ± 0,6 mg EC/kg of
(-)-epicatechin, which is present in 18% m/m of the total of flavonoids
content. Surface tension measures of 1%v/v of mathanolic extract gave a
value of 55,5 dyn/cm. Results suggest that the evaluated extract
presents adequate species of flavonoids that could be incorporated in a
cosmetic application product.
Evaluation of the influence of the etiological spectrum herpesviruses into systemic and local immune response in encephalitis in children
Authors: Skripchenko E. Yu. , Zheleznikova G. F. , Skripchenko N. V. , Gorelik E. Yu. , Pullman N. F. , Vilnits A. A. , Astapova A. V. , Lobzin V. Yu.
Published: July 2022

Herpesviruses are the most common etiological agents of encephalitis in children. The most pathogenic properties for humans are: Herpes Simplex virus type 1, type 2, Varicella Zoster virus, Human Herpes virus type 6 and Epstein-Barr virus, combined infection with which, along with the individual characteristics of the patient's immune status, can lead to a severe course and unpredictable outcome encephalitis.Materials and methods. Clinical and neurological monitoring, etiological verification of infectious agents in the blood and cerebrospinal fluid by PCR and ELISA methods were carried out in 85 children with encephalitis at the age of 10—18 years. In patients suffering from herpesvirus encephalitis, the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, interleukins, chemokines were determined in the blood during the acute period of the disease and after 10—14 days.Results. A decrease in the production of IFN-α and IFN-γ was revealed, which is an unfavorable factor prolonging the course of an active herpes virus infection. Conclusions. Cytokines should be considered as one of the prognostic factors for the course and outcomes of encephalitis in children, which will allow timely correction of patient management tactics in each specific case and improve the outcome of the disease.
Marketing assessment of the potential of the Russian pharmaceutical market in the framework of etiotropic therapy of children with campylobacteriosis
Authors: Demchenko D. D. , Ermolenko K. D. , Lobzin Yu. V. , Narkevich I. A. , Nemyatykh O. D. , Timchenko V. N. , Matlashevskaya Yu. V.
Published: July 2022

The paper analyzes approaches to etiotropic therapy and structural assessment of the range of drugs for the treatment of campylobacteriosis in children. The methods of content analysis, grouping, data aggregation, comparative and marketing analysis were used. The information base of the study was the State Register of Medicines, federal clinical guidelines for the provision of medical care to children with campylobacteriosis, European and American clinical guidelines, as well as instructions for the medical use of drugs.Comparative analysis showed that Russian clinical guidelines contain 15 international non-proprietary names used for the etiotropic therapy of campylobacteriosis. The analysis carried out by drug producing countries shows that the leading positions in the supply structure are occupied by Russian producers (68.26%). Structuring by dosage forms makes it possible to single out tablet positions (47.46%). At the same time, 36.47% of the range of drugs are approved for use from the age of 12, which limits the implementation of modern approaches to the rational etiotropic therapy of campylobacteriosis in pediatrics. Structural analysis of the range of pharmaceutical substances identifies a significant contribution to the structure of imports of Chinese producers (46.30%), which, in turn, justifies the prospects for import substitution. Solving the problem of improving the quality of medical care for children with campylobacteriosis determines the prospects for further research based on the principles of evidence-based medicine using the tools of mathematical-statistical and pharmacoeconomic analyses.
A case of reactivation of chronic Epstein-Barr viral infection, complicated by hepatitis, in a teenager with COVID-19
Authors: Bitsueva A. V. , Gorbunov S. G. , Nikulina I. A.
Published: July 2022

The article presents a clinical case of reactivation of chronic Epstein-Barr viral (EBV) infection complicated by the development of hepatitis in a 15-year-old teenager with COVID-19, which is of interest to infectious disease practitioners, pediatricians and other specialists in terms of the clinical course and differential diagnosis of these two viral diseases.It is shown that the reactivation of EBV against the background of the current new coronavirus infection COVID-19, accompanied by an increase in the level of aminotransferases in the blood, leads to a more severe course and prolonged stay of the patient in the hospital, as well as the appointment of additional drug therapy with subsequent rehabilitation measures.
Clinicopathologic characteristics of cutaneous melanoma - A single-center retrospective study
Authors: Jeremic Jelena , Jovic Marko , Stojanovic Marina , Mihaljevic Jovan , Radenovic Kristina , Radosavljevic Ivan , Jovanovic Milan
Published: July 2022

Introduction/Objective. Epidemiology of melanoma including the number of new cases and mortality have been established in most developed countries, but data on pathohistological features are mostly missing. The objective of the study was to investigate epidemiological, clinical, and pathohistological features of melanoma patients and compare the results with trends in other countries. Methods. Our sample comprised patients surgically treated for skin melanoma at the Hospital for Burns, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery during the 2015?2017 period. Pathohistological, clinical, and demographic features of melanoma were studied. Results. The retrospective study comprised 201 patients (109 men and 92 women) aged 25?87 years. Melanoma was more common in men than in women (54.2% vs. 45.8%). Melanoma in male population most commonly presented on the trunk, while in females presentation on the trunk and lower extremities was almost equal. Superficial spreading melanoma was the most common type of melanoma (68.7%), without correlation to the sex. No correlation was observed in relation to the stage of the disease and the patient?s sex (p = 0.294). A statistical difference was observed in relation to the type of melanoma and the Breslow classification (p < 0.001). Breslow?s thickness correlated with neither age nor sex. In relation to tumor invasiveness, 12.4% of the lesions were classified as in situ lesions, while 87.6% of the lesions were invasive. The majority of patients were identified as stage pT1a. Conclusion. This study can help to identify patients at high risk for melanoma and contribute to optimize screening efforts in a defined target population.
Development and Validation of Prediction Models of Adverse Kidney Outcomes in the Population With and Without Diabetes
Authors: Grams Morgan E. , Brunskill Nigel J. , Ballew Shoshana H. , Sang Yingying , Coresh Josef , Matsushita Kunihiro , Surapaneni Aditya , Bell Samira , Carrero Juan J. , Chodick Gabriel , Evans Marie , Heerspink Hiddo J.L. , Inker Lesley A. , Iseki Kunitoshi , Kalra Philip A. , Kirchner H. Lester , Lee Brian J. , Levin Adeera , Major Rupert W. , Medcalf James , Nadkarni Girish N. , Naimark David M.J. , Ricardo Ana C. , Sawhney Simon , Sood Manish M. , Staplin Natalie , Stempniewicz Nikita , Stengel Benedicte , Sumida Keiichi , Traynor Jamie P. , van den Brand Jan , Wen Chi-Pang , Woodward Mark , Yang Jae Won , Wang Angela Yee-Moon , Tangri Navdeep ,   for the CKD Prognosis Consortium
Published: July 2022

OBJECTIVE

To predict adverse kidney outcomes for use in optimizing medical management and clinical trial design.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

In this meta-analysis of individual participant data, 43 cohorts (N = 1,621,817) from research studies, electronic medical records, and clinical trials with global representation were separated into development and validation cohorts. Models were developed and validated within strata of diabetes mellitus (presence or absence) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR; ≥60 or <60 mL/min/1.73 m2) to predict a composite of ≥40% decline in eGFR or kidney failure (i.e., receipt of kidney replacement therapy) over 2–3 years.

RESULTS

There were 17,399 and 24,591 events in development and validation cohorts, respectively. Models predicting ≥40% eGFR decline or kidney failure incorporated age, sex, eGFR, albuminuria, systolic blood pressure, antihypertensive medication use, history of heart failure, coronary heart disease, atrial fibrillation, smoking status, and BMI, and, in those with diabetes, hemoglobin A1c, insulin use, and oral diabetes medication use. The median C-statistic was 0.774 (interquartile range [IQR] = 0.753, 0.782) in the diabetes and higher-eGFR validation cohorts; 0.769 (IQR = 0.758, 0.808) in the diabetes and lower-eGFR validation cohorts; 0.740 (IQR = 0.717, 0.763) in the no diabetes and higher-eGFR validation cohorts; and 0.750 (IQR = 0.731, 0.785) in the no diabetes and lower-eGFR validation cohorts. Incorporating the previous 2-year eGFR slope minimally improved model performance, and then only in the higher-eGFR cohorts.

CONCLUSIONS

Novel prediction equations for a decline of ≥40% in eGFR can be applied successfully for use in the general population in persons with and without diabetes with higher or lower eGFR.
Development and validation of prediction models of adverse kidney outcomes in the population with and without diabetes mellitus
Authors: Grams Morgan E , Brunskill Nigel J , Ballew Shoshana H , Sang Yingying , Coresh Josef , Matsushita Kunihiro , Surapaneni Aditya , Bell Samira , Carrero Juan J , Chodick Gabriel , Evans Marie , Heerspink Hiddo JL , Inker Lesley A , Iseki Kunitoshi , Kalra Philip A , Kirchner H Lester , Lee Brian J , Levin Adeera , Major Rupert W , Medcalf James , Nadkarni Girish N , Naimark David MJ , Ricardo Ana C , Sawhney Simon , Sood Manish M , Staplin Natalie , Stempniewicz Nikita , Stengel Benedicte , Sumida Keiichi , Traynor Jamie P , Brand Jan van den , Wen Chi-Pang , Woodward Mark , Yang Jae Won , Wang Angela Yee-Moon , Tangri Navdeep , Consortium the CKD Prognosis
Published: July 2022

  

Objective: To predict adverse kidney outcomes for use in optimizing medical management and clinical trial design.

Research Design and Methods: In this individual participant data meta-analysis, 43 cohorts (N=1,621,817) from research studies, electronic medical records, and clinical trials with global representation were separated into development and validation cohorts. Models were developed and validated within strata of diabetes mellitus (presence or absence) and eGFR (≥60 or <60 ml/min/1.73 m2) to predict a composite of ≥40% decline in eGFR or kidney failure (receipt of kidney replacement therapy) over 2-3 years.

Results: There were 17,399 and 24,591 events in development and validation cohorts, respectively. Models predicting ≥40% eGFR decline or kidney failure incorporated age, sex, eGFR, albuminuria, systolic blood pressure, anti-hypertensive medication use, history of heart failure, coronary heart disease, atrial fibrillation, smoking status, and body-mass index (and hemoglobin A1c, insulin use, and oral diabetes medication use in those with diabetes). The median C-statistic was 0.774 (interquartile range [IQR]: 0.753, 0.782) in the diabetes/higher eGFR validation cohorts, 0.769 (IQR: 0.758, 0.808) in the diabetes/lower eGFR validation cohorts, 0.740 (interquartile range [IQR]: 0.717, 0.763) in the no diabetes/higher eGFR validation cohorts, and 0.750 (IQR: 0.731, 0.785) in the no diabetes/lower eGFR validation cohorts. Incorporating previous 2-year eGFR slope minimally improved model performance, and only in the higher eGFR cohorts. 

Conclusions: Novel prediction equations for an eGFR decline of ≥40% eGFR can be applied successfully for use in the general population in persons with and without diabetes with higher or lower eGFR.
Duality and Integrability in String Theory
Authors:   , Piccinini Giacomo
Published: July 2022

This thesis investigates aspects of duality and integrable deformations in String Theory. In the first two chapters we review standard material in Mathematics and Physics, laying the ground to the novel contributions later reported. In Chapter 4 we introduce gener alised cosets, on which we are able to provide a canonical construction for a generalised frame field and spin connection that together furnish an algebra under the generalised Lie derivative. In Chapter 5 we study the geometric properties of the Yang-Baxter defor mation of CPn, showing that it constitutes an exemplar of Generalised Kähler Geometry. For CP2 we compute the generalised Kähler potential. Tangentially, we furnish a closed form for the metric and B-field of the Yang-Baxter deformed sphere Sn, for every n. In Chapter 7 we address the problem of two-loop renormalisation of the Tseytlin dou bled string for cosmological spacetimes. Whilst the results do satisfy a number of key consistency criteria, we find however that the two-loop counter-terms are incompatible with O(n, n) symmetry, pointing perhaps to the presence of scheme changes. In Chapter 8 we build on this work and set the stage for a two-loop calculation for a Poisson-Lie T-duality covariant theory.
Sintomas do climatério/menopausa em mulheres ribeirinhas na Amazônia
Authors: Campos Chirlene de Souza , Santos Ana Maria Pujol Vieira dos , Martins Maria Isabel Morgan
Published: July 2022

O aumento da expectativa de vida fará com que o Brasil se torne o sexto país mais longevo do mundo, sendo que uma parte significativa das mulheres, as de meia-idade, próximas do limiar da velhice, ou mesmo as que passam dos 60 anos, estejam em condição de climatério/menopausa. O climatério, que corresponde à fase transitória do período reprodutivo para o não reprodutivo; e a menopausa que é, por sua vez, a cessação natural da menstruação, ambos os eventos estão exigindo mais pesquisas, especialmente se realizadas a partir de uma abordagem como a da promoção da saúde, a deste estudo. Os resultados sugerem que, de fato, a maioria das mulheres apresentam percentuais de sintomas os mais diversos, de moderados até os muito severos - uma séria problemática feminina que continua trazendo desafios à ciência, ainda mais no caso destas mulheres aqui em foco, distanciadas, muitas vezes, dos centros de atendimento médico.
Proposal to compute hydrodynamic pressures and sloshing heights in ground-supported rectangular tanks subjected to earthquakes
Authors: De-la-Colina J. , González-Pérez C.
Published: July 2022

A proposal to estimate both the hydrodynamic pressures and the maximum wave height of liquids contained in rectangular tanks subjected to earthquake ground motions is presented. The computation procedure, based on the Rayleigh-Ritz method, assumes the fluid as a continuum and it does not use concentrated masses or springs. The solution is achieved by equating the seismic input energy of the system with the total kinetic energy of the fluid assuming liquid velocity fields. The resulting design formulas are simple and they are intended to simplify the seismic design of tanks. Numerical results lead to both the liquid maximum sloshing height and hydrodynamic pressure distributions that are similar to those obtained with other simplified methods and those estimated with the finite element method. Preliminary estimations of shear forces and bending moments for a numerical example resulted 13% and 6% larger (respectively) than the corresponding values obtained with the finite element method.
Code-switching in EFL classrooms: factors influencing teachers to use code-switching and its types used in the classrooms
Authors: Murtiningsih Sri Rejeki , Munawaroh Munawaroh , Hidayatulloh Sibakhul Milad Malik
Published: July 2022

Among myriad prior studies on code-switching, little has been done on the factors influencing teachers to use code-switching and their classroom practices. The current research was aimed at investigating the motives of EFL teachers applying code-switching and the sorts of code-switching used by the EFL teachers in the classroom. This study used a qualitative case study as a research design by conducting in-depth interviews and observations as a data collection process. The obtained data were analyzed through coding, i.e., finding the similarities of the data and theming. The research participants were two EFL teachers at a private university in Yogyakarta Indonesia who have code-switching experience when teaching. The research found five reasons teachers used code-switching in EFL teaching and learning: discussing specific topics, making teaching and learning more practical, managing the classroom, building social relationship, and encouraging students' active participation. In addition, the observation found three code-switching types used by EFL teachers in their classrooms. The study implies that while code-switching offers some benefits, teachers should use code-switching at a minimum rate to keep students with maximum exposure to the English language.
Multifuncionalidad militar y democracia: una convivencia peligrosa
Authors:   investigador sénior asociado, CIDOB. Catedrático de Ciencia Política y de la Administración y director de GRAPA (Group of Research and Analysis on Public Administration), Universidad de Barcelona., Martínez Rafael
Published: July 2022

En la actualidad, los cambios en el sistema político mundial obligan a repensar la funcionalidad de los ejércitos, so pena de que estos asuman roles que les aboquen a la obsolescencia o a la inutilidad. Esta crítica encrucijada nos conduce a un debate en el que confluyen tres argumentarios: el abolicionista, que podríamos considerar como ingenuo, el adaptativo, que sigue la lógica de las tres R (redefinir, redimensionar y reconvertir) y el pragmático, que acaba justificando la multifuncionalidad de las fuerzas armadas. La multifuncionalidad de los ejércitos supone la militarización; es decir, la normalización del uso de los militares –o extensión del uso de la fuerza– para el desarrollo de servicios ajenos a sus roles tradicionales. Ello, en el peor de los casos, puede desembocar en militarismo. Sin embargo, también se puede llegar a la multifuncionalidad sin tener como meta el uso de la fuerza, sino buscando el beneficio que puede suponer para la sociedad la condición de administración comodín de los ejércitos. Esta vía pretende un edulcoramiento de lo militar, de cuyos integrantes no se espera el uso de la fuerza en las múltiples tareas que se les encomiendan.
Enkapsulasi Urea Menggunakan Biokomposit Zeolit Alam-Alginat-Pati Sagu sebagai Model Pupuk Lepas Lambat (Slow Release Fertilizer)
Authors: Suci Ida Ayu , Astar Ismail
Published: July 2022

The urea fertilizer was encapsulation with the compositions of natural zeolite-alginate-sago starch biocomposite for developing of slowed-release properties. The characteristics of biocomposites such as FTIR, SEM, and nitrogen release tests were evaluated. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed the presence of natural zeolite-alginate-sago starch biocomposite. The SEM images showed the surface morphology of urea has been coated by natural zeolite-alginate-sago starch biocomposite. Nitrogen release tests on natural zeolite-alginate-sago starch biocomposites with concentrations of 20% was the composition with the best results in holding urea encapsulated. This study indicates that natural zeolite-alginate-sago starch biocomposites are a alternative candidate for the development of the efficient slowed-release formulation of urea.
Production, Purification and Characterization of Cellulase from Cossus cossus Larvae
Authors: Baharuddin Maswati
Published: July 2022

This study aimed to purify and characterize the biochemical properties of cellulase from bacterial isolates of C. cossus larvae, to determine the effect of adding crude extract cellulase and pure enzymes to the hydrolysis of rice straw. The research steps included purification of enzymes by ion exchange chromatography and gel filtration chromotography, as well as SDS-PAGE electrophoresis analysis. Pure cellulases are characterized by their biochemical properties and applied in the hydrolysis of cellulose. The results showed that the characteristics of an optimum pH of 5.6, an optimum temperature of 70⁰C  and a substrate concentration of 1.5% CMC, and a molecular weight of 36.49 kDa.
THE NEED ANALYSIS OF MATHEMATICS TEACHING MATERIALS BASED ON MATHEMATICAL PROFICIENCY IN MADRASAH IBTIDAIYAH
Authors: Farokhah Laely , Herman Tatang , Abidin Zaenal , Febriandi Riduan , Zulfadhli Muhammad
Published: July 2022

Abstract

This research aimed to describe the need to analyze mathematics teaching materials based on mathematical proficiency in Madrasah Ibtidaiyah. Qualitative research was used in this research. The research was conducted in one of the Private Madrasah Ibtidaiyah in South Tangerang, Indonesia. The subject consisted of two mathematics teachers. The data collected through interview and documentation techniques consisted of curriculum and mathematics teaching materials. The data were analyzed using triangulation consisting of data reduction, presentation, and conclusion and verification. The result showed that the need analysis of mathematics teaching materials consisted of: (1) the curriculum of mathematics needed to be arranged about the sequence of materials, (2) teachers needed mathematics teaching materials in various types, and (3) the mathematics concepts based on mathematical proficiency in teaching materials needed to be improved. These results can be a reference for developing teaching materials based on mathematical proficiency for mathematics teaching and learning.
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN MEDIA MINI BOOK DAN CROSSWORD PUZZLE PADA MATERI KERAGAMAN DI INDONESIA TERHADAP PEMAHAMAN KONSEP
Authors: Irawan Aisyah , Yaumi Muhammad , Usman  , Suharti
Published: July 2022

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pemahaman konsep belajar peserta didik yang diajar dengan media mini book dan crossword puzzle pada materi keragaman di Indonesia. Jenis penelitian ini adalah eksperiemen semu menggunakan desain penelitian pretest-posttest non equivalent control group design. Populasi sebanyak 3 kelas yaitu kelas IV A, B, dan C MIN Kota Bima tahun ajaran 2020/2021 yang berjumlah 97 siswa. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah tes. Teknik pengolahan data menggunakan statistik deskriptif dan inferensial. Hasil penelitian antara lain: (1) Nilai rata-rata pemahaman peserta didik yang diajar dengan media mini book lebih tinggi dibandingkan tanpa menggunakan media, (2) nilai rata-rata peserta didik yang diajar dengan media crossword puzzle lebih tinggi dibandingkan tanpa menggunakan media, dan (3) terdapat perbedaan signifikan pemahaman konsep belajar peserta didik antara media mini book dan crossword puzzle pada materi keragaman di Indonesia. Implikasi penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa media mini book dan media crossword puzzle dapat meningkatkan pemahaman konsep belajar peserta didik.
The The relationship between mother's knowledge with the incidence of diarrhea : A cross sectional study in toddlers
Authors: Sartika Epi , Suryani Suryani , Wulan Susilo
Published: July 2022

Diarrhea is the most common cause of infant death. The mother is the person closest to the child and has an important role in maintaining and maintaining the health of the child, so a good mother's knowledge is needed to prevent diarrhea in children. This study aims to study the relationship of mother's knowledge with the incidence of diarrhea in infants in the working area of Tebing Tinggi Health Center, Empat Lawang District. The design used in this study is an analytic survey design that uses a cross sectional study design. The population in this study were all mothers who have toddlers aged 0-5 years who came for treatment at Tebing Tinggi Health Center, Empat Lawang in July-August 2019. Sampling in this study used 81 Simple Random Sampling techniques. This research uses primary data and secondary data. Data analysis was performed univariately and bivariately. The results showed there is a significant relationship between the relationship between maternal knowledge about diarrhea and the incidence of diarrhea in infants in the working area of Tebing Tinggi Health Center, Four Lawang Regency, with a moderate relationship category. It is expected that the puskesmas can provide health education to the community about diarrhea through counseling activities, distributing leaflets and nut book explaining diarrhea
Post Covid-19 Vaccination: What is the Description of Knowledge, Attitudes, Availability of Facilities and Community Compliance?
Authors: Fitri Yanti  , Sukma Komang  Ayi , Rohman Amaliah , Dwi Violita Risa
Published: July 2022

Covid-19 has become a major problem throughout the world to date, has an impact on health and spreads to other joints of life. The Covid-19 vaccination program is currently underway. However, some post-vaccination people are negligent on health protocols because they feel they are already immune to the virus. This study aims to find out how the knowledge, attitudes, availability of facilities, and post-vaccination community compliance are related to Covid-19. This type of research is descriptive quantitative to describe an event that is happening. The population of this study is office workers in the Southeast Sulawesi region, amounting to 73,037 people. The sample is 284 office workers who have been vaccinated. The sampling technique is Snowball Sampling. Primary data collection through online questionnaires distributed to office workers who have been vaccinated. The data analysis of this research used univariate analysis and presented in the form of tables and narratives. The results showed that the majority of respondents had good knowledge (66.2%), had a positive attitude (99.6%), provided facilities and facilities (98.2%), and adhered to health protocols (97.5%). The recommendation of this research are the health institution to educate the community about covid 19 health ptotocol
Clove flower powder (Syzygium Aromaticum) as an alternative plant controlling Aedes Aegypti larvae
Authors: Supardi Ummi Kalsum , Buano Rizka Suciyati , Alhadar Nadratillah Istiqomah , Ismail Mariyana , Imran Rafiqa , Avilliani Widya Putri
Published: July 2022

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is still one of the most important health problems in Indonesia. Indonesia is a country with the highest dengue cases in Southeast Asia. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of clove flower powder (Syzygium aromaticum) as a medium in killing Aedes aegypti larvae. This type of research is a simple experimental study with a post test only group control design. This research was conducted to determine the effectiveness of clove powder in killing Aedes Aegypti larvae using doses of 2 mg/10L, 4 mg/10L, 6 mg/10L, 8 mg/10L and 10 mg/10L. Data collection techniques are carried out by making observations, namely by making direct observations. The results showed that each level of the test material (P1, P2, P3, P4, and P5) within 1x24 hours of observation showed a significant difference in the mortality of Aedes Aegypti larvae. The conclusion of this study was that clove powder (Syzygium Aromaticum) was effective in killing Aedes Aegypti larvae with varying results according to the level. Even so, it is still necessary to carry out further research by testing more local plant species as a medium that can kill Aedes Aegypti larvae by paying attention to environmental factors and it is advisable to examine the comparison between Zanzibar clove flowers and ordinary clove flowers
الأفعال المتعدّية بحرف الجرّ في كتاب القراءة الوافية المقرّر للصّفّ السّادس دلالية / Transgressive verbs (Harf Jar) in the sixth-grade reading book (Grammatica / Transgressive verbs (Harf Jar) in the sixth-grade reading book (Grammatical semantic study)
Authors: Said Abdul Hafidz , Fitrianto Ibnu , Jamilah Hasna Awwaliyah
Published: July 2022

والهدف من هذا البحث هو الكشف عن حروف الجرّ التي يتعدّى بها الفعل في كتاب القراءة الوافية المقرّر للصّفّ السّادس والكشف عن معاني الأفعال المتعدّية بحروف الجرّ فيه، ولتحقيق الهدف المرجوّ استخدم الباحثون المنهج المكتبيّ حيث قاموا بمطالعة الكتب مما يتعلّق بالأفعال المتعدّية. ولتحليل المسألة البحثية انتهجوا المنهج الوصفيّ التّحليليّ وتحليل المحتوى للحصول على النتائج الوثيقة. أمّا نتيجة البحث فهي: أنّ حروف الجرّ التي يتعدّى بها الفعل في الكتاب المذكور فهي: "على" وتتمثل في 28 جملة و"عن" وتتمثل في 12 جملة وحرف "من" وتتمثل في جملة واحدة، و"إلى" وتتمثل في 9 جمل، و"في" وتتمثل في 7 جمل والباء وتتمثل في 25 جملة و" اللام" وتتمثل في 10 جمل، إذ تقع هذه ألافعال المتعدّية بـ "في" في 92 جملة مشتملة على 58 فعلا. و قد اختلفت معاني الأفعال بسبب اختلاف حروف الجرّ التي تتعدّى بها، فتسمّى الأفعال المتعدّية بحرف الجرّ، وقد ثبتت معاني الأفعال المتعدّية بحرف الجرّ وتبقى معانيها.

الكلمة المفتاحية :  الأفعال؛ المتعدّية؛ حروف الجرّ؛ القراءة الوافية

Abstract

The goals of this study are to discover the prepositions through which the verb transcends in the comprehensive reading book for class six, as well as the meanings of transitive verbs with prepositions in the comprehensive reading book for class six. To achieve the desired results, the researcher used the literature method, which entailed reading books about transitive verbs. The researcher adopted the descriptive-analytical approach and analyzed the content to obtain the documented results. As for the result of the research, it is that the prepositions that transcend the verb in the adequate reading book for the sixth grade are Harf  ̔ala on in 28 sentences and Harf an in 12 sentences, and Harf min in one sentence, Harf il in 9 sentences, Harf fī in 7 sentences, Harf ba̕ in 25 sentences, and Harf lam in 10 sentences. These transitive verbs with a preposition are found in 92 sentences, in which 58 verbs are included. The meanings of the verbs have differed because of the different prepositions that transitive verbs have, so transitive verbs are called prepositions. The meanings of transitive verbs with a preposition have been established, and their meanings remain.
التذوق البلاغي للنظم القرآني وأهميته في تعليم البلاغة للناطقين بغير العربية / Rhetorical Taste of Qur'anic Systems and its Importance in Teaching Rhetoric toward Non-Arabic Speakers
Authors: Waemamah A-eshah , Mohd Noor Siti Salwa , Salleh Abdul wahid
Published: July 2022

هدفت الدراسة إلى بيان التذوق البلاغي للنظم القرآني وأهميته في تعليم البلاغة للناطقين بغير العربية. وتم استخدام المنهج الوصفي التحليلي من خلال المراجع ذات الصلة، للكشف عن مفهوم التذوق البلاغي للنظم القرآني وأهميته في حقل تعليم البلاغة للناطقين بغير العربية . وأظهرت الدراسة إلى أن التذوق البلاغي للنظم القرآني يعتبر هدفا يجب تحقيقه في تعليم البلاغة للناطقين بغير العربية لإدراك وجوه الإعجاز البلاغي للقرآن الكريم. ولذلك توصي الدراسة بأهمية الأخذ بالاعتبار التذوق البلاغي ولا سيما للنظم القرآني في تعليم البلاغة للناطقين بغير العربية.

الكلمات المفتاحية : التذوق البلاغي؛ تعليم البلاغة؛ الناطقين بغير العربية.

Abstract

The study sought to uncover the rhetorical appreciation of the Quranic systems, as well as its significance in teaching rhetoric to non-Arabic speakers.. The analytical-descriptive approach was used in the relevant literature to reveal the concept of rhetorical appreciation for Quranic systems and its importance in teaching rhetoric to non-Arabic speakers. The study showed that the rhetorical appreciation of the Quranic systems is a goal that must be achieved in teaching rhetoric to non-Arabic speakers to realize the aspects of the rhetorical miracle of the Holy Qur’an. The study recommends the importance of taking into account rhetorical appreciation, especially the Quranic systems, in teaching rhetoric to non-Arabic speakers.
WRITING ANXIETY IN ENGLISH ACADEMIC WRITING: A CASE STUDY OF EFL STUDENTS' PERSPECTIVES
Authors: Sa'adah Nailis , Ali Fachri , Ali Fachri
Published: July 2022

Reporting the EFL students' perspectives as their experience in perceiving writing anxiety in English academic writing is the aim of this current study. Designed in a case study, data was collected through a semi-structured interview. Five EFL students at a university in Central Java, Indonesia was recruited to participate in this study. Framed in a thematic analysis, the findings of the study demonstrate that their perspectives were investigated in five aspects: the way they perceive difficult patterns in English academic writing, writing under time and theme constraints, and the way they view and think about the contributions of evaluations and comments from their lecturers and classmates to their writing process and progress. The result of this study showed that the emotive dimension of insecurity was the most apparent in EFL students themselves during writing activities for their English academic writing. This empirical evidence contributes to educational policy balanced to the students' ability.
A SUBJECT MATTER SPECIALIST VERSUS STUDENTS’ MORAL GUARDIAN: EFL TEACHERS’ VOICES ON CHARACTER EDUCATION INCORPORATION INTO CLASSROOM INSTRUCTIONS
Authors: Noprianto Eko , Suherdi Didi , Muslim Ahmad Bukhori
Published: July 2022

The degradation of morals among Indonesian young generation and the urgency of teaching both good competencies and strong characters to succeed in the 21st-century globally competitive society for them require all teachers including English teachers to incorporate character values into their classroom instructions as mandated in the 2013 curriculum. Given the fundamental roles teachers could serve in the success of promoting good character both outside and inside the classroom, it is critical to understand how they view such a program before they could bring it into the classroom. This qualitative case study scrutinizes how Indonesian English teachers perceive character education incorporation. Employing an interview, classroom observation, and lesson plan analysis, to two purposefully-selected English teachers from two different piloting schools, findings reveal that while they agree on the pivotal role they could serve toward students’ character development, they also emphasize the enhancement of some other factors, such as inspiring teachers, family, good leadership, the cohesiveness of school community members, media, and government supports for the success of character education reinforcement program in Indonesia.