bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Acute Effects of Ball Pressure on Anticipation Timing Following a Series of Purposeful Headers in Adult Football (Soccer) Players
Authors: McLean Chad , Lavender Andrew P. , Pereira Ethan , Peek Kerry , Davey Paul , Ma’ayah Fadi , Morris Susan , Georgieva Julia
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this study is to investigate the acute effects of ball pressure on anticipation timing following a series of purposeful headers in adult football (soccer) players. There is evidence to suggest acute neurophysiological changes to the brain following purposeful heading; this may lead to altered anticipation timing as a result, potentially having future safety implications for players. A repeated measures crossover design was used. Seventeen participants aged between 20 and 30 years performed (i) 20 rotational headers with a lower-pressure match ball (58.6 kPa; 8.5 psi), (ii) 20 rotational headers with a higher-pressure match ball (103.4 kPa; 15 psi), or (iii) 20 non-headers (kicks) as a control each on separate days. The effect of ball pressure on anticipation timing accuracy, measured as absolute, constant, and variable errors, was assessed before and immediately after each intervention session using an anticipation timing task. Differences between group means were compared using repeated measures ANOVA and linear mixed effects models, with p-values of <0.05 considered statistically significant. No significant differences in anticipation timing accuracy across interventions were detected between control, occluded, and non-occluded trials. This finding differs from the previous literature regarding the measurable, acute effects of purposeful heading. The anticipation timing task may lack sensitivity for detecting the effects of repeated heading on brain function.
Long-Term Survival of a Child with Atypical Teratoid-Rhabdoid Tumor and Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Case Report
Authors: Andreevna Kolcheva Maria , Vyacheslavovna Kumirova Ella , Valeryevna Gorbatykh Svetlana , Gunai Nariman Makhmudova , Igorevich Livshits Matvey , Yegorovich Chmutin Gennadiy , Nikolaevich Kislyakov Alexey , Nikolaevich Umerenkov Viktor , Encarnacion Ramirez Manuel de Jesus , Montemurro Nicola
Published: April 2024

Atypical teratoid-rhabdoid tumor (AT/RT) is a rare but one of the most aggressive embryonal tumors of the central nervous system (CNS), most often occurring in children under 3 years of age. AT/RT accounts for about 1–2% of all CNS neoplasms and has a very poor prognosis, high risk of secondary tumor development, recurrence and/or metastasis in patients in remission and limited therapeutic potential. The clinical manifestations are usually symptoms of increased intracranial pressure. The mainstay of tumor treatment is complex chemotherapy combined with radiation therapy. A clinical case of sequential occurrence of two cancers (AT/RT and leukemia) in a 3-year-old girl is presented.
The Value of Ultrasound for Detecting and Following Subclinical Interstitial Lung Disease in Systemic Sclerosis
Authors: Gutierrez Marwin , Bertolazzi Chiara , Zozoaga-Velazquez Edgar , Clavijo-Cornejo Denise
Published: April 2024

Background: Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a complication in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc). Accurate strategies to identify its presence in early phases are essential. We conducted the study aiming to determine the validity of ultrasound (US) in detecting subclinical ILD in SSc, and to ascertain its potential in determining the disease progression. Methods: 133 patients without respiratory symptoms and 133 healthy controls were included. Borg scale, Rodnan skin score (RSS), auscultation, chest radiographs, and respiratory function tests (RFT) were performed. A rheumatologist performed the lung US. High-resolution CT (HRCT) was also performed. The patients were followed every 12 weeks for 48 weeks. Results: A total of 79 of 133 patients (59.4%) showed US signs of ILD in contrast to healthy controls (4.8%) (p = 0.0001). Anti-centromere antibodies (p = 0.005) and RSS (p = 0.004) showed an association with ILD. A positive correlation was demonstrated between the US and HRCT findings (p = 0.001). The sensitivity and specificity of US in detecting ILD were 91.2% and 88.6%, respectively. In the follow-up, a total of 30 patients out of 79 (37.9%) who demonstrated US signs of ILD at baseline, showed changes in the ILD score by US. Conclusions: US showed a high prevalence of subclinical ILD in SSc patients. It proved to be a valid, reliable, and feasible tool to detect ILD in SSc and to monitor disease progression.
Adults with Perinatally Acquired HIV; Emerging Clinical Outcomes and Data Gaps
Authors: Henderson Merle , Fidler Sarah , Foster Caroline
Published: April 2024

In resourced settings, adults living with perinatally acquired HIV are approaching the 5th decade of life. Their clinical and psychological outcomes highlight potential future issues for the much larger number of adolescents growing up with HIV in sub–Saharan Africa, and will inform the development of appropriate healthcare services. Lifelong exposure to HIV, and increasingly to antiretroviral therapy throughout growth and development, contrasts with adults acquiring HIV in later life. This review describes the clinical outcomes for adults living with perinatally acquired HIV including post transition mortality, morbidity and retention in care. Rates of viral suppression, drug resistance and immunological function are explored. Co-morbidities focus on metabolic, cardiovascular, respiratory and bone health with quality-of-life data including neurocognitive functioning and mental health. Sexual and reproductive health including vaccine-preventable disease and the prevention of onward transmission to partners and infants are considered. The data gaps and future research questions to optimise outcomes for this emerging adult cohort are highlighted.
Socio-Demographic Factors Influencing Malaria Vaccine Acceptance for Under-Five Children in a Malaria-Endemic Region: A Community-Based Study in the Democratic Republic of Congo
Authors: Nyalundja Arsene Daniel , Bugeme Patrick Musole , Guillaume Ashuza Shamamba , Ntaboba Alain Balola , Hatu’m Victoire Urbain , Tamuzi Jacques Lukenze , Ndwandwe Duduzile , Iwu-Jaja Chinwe , Wiysonge Charles S. , Katoto Patrick D. M. C.
Published: April 2024

Two novel vaccines against malaria are proposed as a complementary control tool to prevent and reduce Plasmodium falciparum related disease and death in under-five children from moderate to high malaria transmission regions. The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) has committed to eradicate malaria by 2030, and significant efforts have been deployed to strengthen control and elimination measures. We aimed to understand factors influencing the malaria vaccine acceptability among the general population in eastern DRC. We conducted a survey among adult Congolese in Bukavu in March 2022. The questionnaire was adapted from the Behavioral and Social Drivers of vaccine uptake (BeSD) framework and was administered online and physically. Multivariate logistic regressions were built, and estimates were represented as adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). Out of 1612 adults (median age: 39 years, 46.15% female) surveyed, only 7.26% were aware of the malaria vaccine. However, 46.53% expressed willingness to vaccinate themselves, and 52.60% were open to vaccinating their under-five children. Adjusting for confounding factors, non-student/non-healthcare worker professions (aOR = 0.58, 95%CI [0.42–0.78]) and middle-income status (aOR = 1.87, 95%CI [1.25–2.80]) were significantly associated with self-vaccination acceptance. Age played a role in under-five child vaccination acceptability, with 25 to over 64 years showing increased acceptability compared to the 18–24 age group. Additionally, non-student/non-healthcare worker professions (aOR = 1.88, 95%CI [1.37–2.59]), medium education levels (aOR = 2.64, 95%CI [1.29–5.79]), and residing in semi-rural areas (aOR = 1.63, 95%CI [1.27–2.10]) were predictors of under-five child vaccination acceptance. The acceptability of the malaria vaccine for self and for under-five children was suboptimal for effective malaria control in this community in the DRC. Our study constitutes a call for the Expanded Program on Immunization to closely work with various stakeholders to strengthen risk communication for community engagement prior to and during the introduction of this novel and lifesaving tool, malaria vaccination.
Is it possible to manage the digital economy?
Authors:   Academy of Military Sciences of the Russian Federation, professor, Higher School of Industrial Policy and Entrepreneurship, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia ., Moscow, Dadalko Vasiliy Aleksandrovich , Nikolaevskiy Vladimir Vladimirovich ,   Department of Marketing, Belarusian National Technical University, Minsk, Belarus, Dadalko Svetlana Viktorovna ,   Department of Economics and Management, International University "MITSO", Minsk, Belarus
Published: April 2024

systematic and interdisciplinary approach to the analysis of the processes of “digitalization” of the economy has made it possible to identify contradictions in the interpretation of such modern and often used scientific concepts as “digital economy”, “digitalization”, etc. The analysis of Russian and foreign publications allows concluding that the academic community has not developed a unified approach to understanding the essence of the “digital economy”. In economic science, such an object of research as the “digital economy” factually does not exist. Objectively, there is an economy, but economic management systems are moving to new principles and technologies for receiving, transmitting, and processing information, i.e. digital ones. In the context of digitalization of information and the widespread use of digital information and communication technologies in economic process management systems, the ambiguity of the conceptual apparatus negatively affects the formation of a new way of economic thinking. This makes it difficult to develop effective mechanisms for managing an organization based on the cause-andeffect relationships of ongoing processes.
Assessment of the durability of self-propelled agricultural machines using a generalized indicator
Authors:   Laboratory No. 9.1 laboratory of reliability forecasting and diagnostics of agricultural machinery, FSBI FNCC VIM, Kostomakhin M. N. , Voronov A. N. ,   Laboratory No. 9.1 laboratory of reliability forecasting and diagnostics of agricultural machinery, FSBI FNCC VIM
Published: April 2024

Material according to reliability of agricultural machinery and its main indicators which are characterized by measurement of resource parameters of technical condition of details and interfaces is presented in article. The possibility of an assessment of a resource of car/system or the unit is considered, at technical service of cars by means of the generalized coeffi cient characterizing their current technical condition.
Assessment of innovative activity of agricultural enterprises
Authors:   Russian Timiryazev State Agrarian University, Moscow, Russia, Avdeenko V. N.
Published: April 2024

The article suggests approaches to the assessment of innovative activity of agricultural enterprises. It is established that in order to determine the real level of innovative activity of agricultural enterprises, it is advisable to apply a methodological approach of rating assessment, taking into account the profitability of each type of crop and livestock production and the volume of its implementation. Thanks to the rating, a more complete picture opens up on the assessment and forecast of determining the degree of economic development and innovative potential of agricultural enterprises. It is proved that the level of state support most affects innovative activity in agriculture. The conducted multifactorial analysis of economic indicators confirms that without expanded reproduction it is impossible to create an accumulation fund, a reserve fund and, as a result, the implementation of innovative activities. At least one third of the profit of an agricultural enterprise must be directed to the accumulation fund. It is determined that agricultural enterprises create demand for scientific achievements, and research and development organizations form the supply. At the same time, most scientific proposals cannot always find the end user, and therefore there is no connection between scientific and development institutions, educational institutions and agricultural enterprises.
Threats to regional economic security: statistical assessment of criminal activity and countermeasures
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Stavropol State Agrarian University», Stavropol, Russia, Gerasimov A. N. , Sklyarov I. Y. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Stavropol State Agrarian University», Stavropol, Russia, Gulab K. Kh. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Stavropol State Agrarian University», Stavropol, Russia
Published: April 2024

conditions of geopolitical and economic instability, growing social tension, the emergence of crime-generating situations such as high inflation, differentiation of society by income level, mass criminalization of the population’s consciousness and others lead to a rather complex criminogenic situation, leading to the emergence of a threatening threat to national and regional economic security. As a result, identifying, assessing and preventing crimes in the sphere of economic activity are mandatory to ensure low crime rates in the region. In the article, the regions of the Russian Federation were differentiated by crimes of an economic nature, and trends were identified and threats to ensuring the economic security of the Stavropol Territory were studied using the grouping method, economic-geographical, territorial-sectoral approaches, etc.
A COMPETÊNCIA DO MUNICÍPIO NA GESTÃO DAS ÁGUAS SUBTERRÂNEAS E A CONTRIBUIÇÃO DA HIDROGEOLOGIA URBANA
Authors: Ssilva Hermam Vargas , Gastmans Didier , Villar Pilar Carolina , Pinese Jose Paulo Peccinini
Published: April 2024

: A Constituição Federal e a legislação infraconstitucional atribuíram ao município uma série de competências e atribuições que são fundamentais para promover a gestão dos aquíferos. O desenvolvimento territorial municipal altera a dinâmica do ciclo hidrológico em áreas urbanas, e consequentemente os aquíferos, comprometendo aspectos quali-quantitativos das águas subterrâneas, o que só pode ser corretamente avaliado por meio da hidrogeologia. Nesse sentido, o presente artigo pretende analisar o papel do município na proteção das águas subterrâneas, com base em suas competências e verificar quais as ações esse ente pode adotar para proteger os recursos hídricos subterrâneos com base no direito e com o suporte da hidrogeologia. A metodologia utilizada é a análise da literatura especializada e da legislação constitucional e infraconstitucional. Embora não tenha o domínio das águas subterrâneas, o munícipio assume um papel de protagonismo na gestão dos aquíferos diante de sua competência administrativa comum em matéria ambiental e a exclusiva para organizar e prestar os serviços de interesse local e promover o ordenamento territorial, bem como a competência legislativa exclusiva em assuntos de interesse local e supletiva. Apesar de ser dotado desses poderes, e de instrumentos que permitam uma atuação destacada na proteção dos aquíferos, suas ações nesse ponto são deficientes e pouco usuais. A hidrogeologia fornece uma série de ferramentas e metodologias (cartografia, análise numérica, entre outros), cujos resultados podem ser acumulados e tratados por Sistemas de Informação Geográfica, que podem contribuir justamente para incentivar e orientar os municípios na adoção de políticas públicas destinadas a mitigar os impactos causados pelo desenvolvimento territorial aos aquíferos, principalmente nas áreas urbanas.
A Pérola da Hileia
Authors: Miranda Braga Bruno
Published: April 2024

Teatro Amazonas com sua monumentalidade, expressividade e beleza encanta a todos, e se tornou o emblema, o ícone da cidade, especialmente por sua peculiar Cúpula multicolorida. Falar do Teatro Amazonas e falar da cidade de Manaus ao fim do século XIX. Manaus cresceu, enriqueceu às custas dos trabalhos e da comercialização da borracha o que acarretou seu aformoseamento urbano. A história da construção de um “theatro de alvenaria” na cidade era almejo da população enriquecida que via projetar seus “modos estrangeiros” na Floresta Amazônica, nesse sentido, dentre os edifícios construídos, o do Teatro sobressai pelas particularidades presentes no prédio, especialmente pela enigmática Cúpula. Me debruço nesse texto em apresentar aspectos da construção e da simbologia deste elemento diante da monumentalidade e da paisagem da cidade.
Considerações acerca da Representação dos Indígenas nas Pinturas Anchietanas de Benedito Calixto
Authors: Philippov Karin
Published: April 2024

Benedito Calixto (1853-1927) sededica à iconografia indigenistade cunho his[1]tórico e religioso, ainda no final do século XIX, marcando um conjunto de pinturas em óleo sobre tela, que se estende pela primeira década do século XX, chegando até o ano de 1920.Em sua produção destaca-se a série sobre José de Anchieta, cuja santificação ocorre muito recentemente. Representado entre indígenas, o jesuíta do século XVI assume papel fulcral na construção de uma narrativa que visa o domínio do habitante originário. Nesse mesmo período salienta-se o projeto colonizador e expansionista cafeeiro e ferroviário do oeste paulista, projeto esse marcado por um discurso atrelado à eliminação dos indígenas, considerados entraves ao desenvolvimento da nação ainda du[1]rante o Segundo Reinado. Nesse discurso, ressalta-se o proferido pelo dire[1]tor do Museu Paulista entre 1895 e 1916, Hermann von Ihering (1850-1930), que prega o extermínio dos Caingangues no artigo publicado em 1907, na Revista do Museu. Visa-se, portanto, analisar e problematizar esse conjun[1]to iconográfico calixtiano sob uma perspectiva decolonizadora, revelando e desvelando o papel ocultado pela violência implícita nas referidas pinturas do artista, nas quais os indígenas sempre ocupam o lugar da submissão e aceitação pacífica dos ditames impostos pela Igreja e pelo Estado. Almeja-se, ainda, compreender o lugar dos indígenas nesse processo de longa duração, observando-se seus fragmentos narrativos e historiográficos presentes nas imagens de Benedito Calixto.
Las estampas religiosas en los libros impresos por María Candelaria de Rivera en la Ciudad de México, entre 1732-1754.
Authors: Isaac Calvo Portela Juan
Published: April 2024

El presente artículo viene a completar otro en el que ya abordamos el estudio de las estampas que ilustran los libros que imprimió una de las más destaca[1]das mujeres impresoras de la Nueva España, María Candelaria de Rivera, en los años en los que dirigió en solitario la imprenta familiar (1732-1754). Ella formó parte de la dinastía de los Calderón-Rivera, pero a diferencia de su bi[1]sabuela, sumadre o su hermana,fue doncella,lo que le permitió conservar su propio pie de imprenta. En este trabajo nos centramos en las estampas reli[1]giosas que ornan los libros impresos por esta tipógrafa, debido a que fueron las más habituales. Entre los motivos que se captan en estos grabados abun[1]dan las representaciones dediversas advocacionesmarianas, santoso santas, o aquellas que reproducen imágenes devocionales novohispanas. La elección de los motivos se relaciona con el contenido del libro o consus paratextos. Al abordar el estudio de estas estampas también se atiende a como se relacio[1]nan con los aspectos materiales y con la estructura interna de los libros. El análisis de las láminas de los libros de esta tipógrafa nos permitirá apreciar como en laNueva España convivieronlos dos procedimientosmás usuales en el grabado antiguo, la entalladura y la calcografía. Además, podremos consi derar como muchos de los grabados calcográficos se deben a los principales grabadores novohispanos de esta centuria.
A Fantasia como Experimentação Arquitetônica na Primeira Obra de G. B. Piranesi
Authors: Rosch Rodrigues Angela
Published: April 2024

Giovanni Battista Piranesi chegou em Roma em 1740 num contexto em que emergia, nas academias de belas artes da “cidade eterna”, o desenho da arquitetura imaginária. O objetivo aqui é analisar como Piranesi se valeu da fantasia arquitetônica como um recurso para a experimentação formal, tendo como recorte a sua obra inaugural: Prima parte di architetture e prospettive (1743). Ao verificar essa sua primeira obra, conclui-se que as fantasias têm imenso valor para o desenvolvimento da trajetória piranesiana entre 1740 e 1778, além de nutrir o coetâneo debate arquitetônico e artístico. Assim, a Prima parte se tornou uma referência no que tange à compreensão da transição entre as preceptivas estabelecidas a partir do Quattrocento e uma incipiente modernidade.
Inícios de A Arte Brasileira, de Gonzaga Duque, em Guanabara
Authors: Ferreira Vermeersch Paula
Published: April 2024

Em 1888, o crítico de Arte carioca Luiz Gonzaga Duque Estrada (1863-1911) publicou seu livro de estreia, A Arte Brasileira, em que buscava compreender aspectos da pintura e da escultura no país, desde os tempos coloniais. Objeto de estudo e comentário ao longo de décadas, A Arte Brasileira ainda suscita muitas questões para o atual debate historiográfico sobre artistas, obras, temas e técnicas, notadamente nos temas relativos às Artes do Segundo Império. Neste texto, a intenção é buscar elementos para a compreensão da formação deste livro fundamental, a partir do exame de algumas das primeiras participações de Gonzaga Duque na imprensa do Rio de Janeiro, que se dão a partir de 1883, quando o jovem crítico funda, junto com Olímpio de Niemeyer (1859-1931), o jornal Guanabara. No Guanabara, Gonzaga Duque comenta exposições, efemérides e talvez neste processo estejam as bases para o pensamento que moldará A Arte Brasileira.
História Digital da Arte: Um Panorama das Investigações Recentes
Authors: Valle Arthur
Published: April 2024

O presente texto apresenta um panorama do emergente campo de investigações da História Digital da Arte, centrando-se sobretudo em publicações em língua inglesa desde 2012. Busca-se aqui definir a História Digital da Arte e suas conexões com as chamadas Humanidades Digitais; historicizar seu desenvolvimento, desde as iniciativas pioneiras até sua afirmação no campo acadêmico; e delimitar algumas de suas abordagens metodológicas recorrentes, nomeadamente análise espacial, análise de rede, análise de imagem e análise de texto.
Circulación del Discurso Ilustrado Español Acerca de las Imágenes Religiosas Indignas o Grotescas. El Caso Chileno
Authors: Guzmán Fernando , Gazmuir Susana
Published: April 2024

Durante los siglos XVIII y XIX el discurso del “buen gusto”, propio de la reflexión relativa a la poesía y la retórica, determinó buena parte de la discusión acerca de la pintura y la escultura. El arte religioso no estuvo al margen de esta concepción. El libro Pintor christiano y erudito, la obra relativa a imágenes sagradas más influyente del siglo XVIII en Hispanoamérica, fustigó a los que eran considerados “malísimos artífices” que pintaban o esculpían obras para las iglesias, así como a quienes que lo hacían sin poseer laconveniente erudición. La circulación del libro de Interian de Ayala en Chile permite afirmar que sus ideas dejaron una huella en la élite intelectual local. A la luz de lo anterior, se puede proponer que, uno de los antecedentes del discurso decimonónico acerca de la necesidad de una reforma del arte religioso en Chile fue la lectura del Pintor Christiano y erudito.
Grappling With the Inclusion of Patients and the Public in Consensus Building: A Commentary on Inclusion, Safety, and Accessibility; Comment on "Evaluating Public Participation in a Deliberative Dialogue: A Single Case Study"
Authors: Banner Davina , Plamondon Katrina , Oelke Nelly D.
Published: April 2024

Deliberative dialogue (DD) may be relatively new in health research but has a rich history in fostering public engagement in political issues. Dialogic approaches are future-facing, comprising structured discussions and consensus building activities geared to the collective identification of actionable and contextualized solutions. Relying heavily on a need for coproduction and shared leadership, these approaches seek to garner meaningful collaborations between researchers and knowledge users, such as healthcare providers, decision-makers, patients, and the public. In this commentary, we explore some of the challenges, successes, and opportunities arising from public engagement in DD, drawing also upon insights gleaned from our own research, along with the case study presented by Scurr and colleagues. Specifically, we seek to expand discussions related to inclusion, power, and accessibility in DD, highlight the need for scholarship that addresses the epistemic, methodological, and practical aspects of patient and public engagement within dialogic methods, and identify promising practices.
Unravelling Low-Value Care Decision-Making: Residents’ Perspectives on the Influence of Contextual Factors
Authors: Bock Lotte A. , Noben Cindy Y.G. , Haeren Roel H.L. , Hiemstra Florine A. , Mook Walther N.K.A. van , Essers Brigitte A.B.
Published: April 2024

Background: Several initiatives have been developed to target low-value care (i.e. waste) in decision-making with varying success. As such, decision-making is a complex process and context’s influence on decisions concerning low-value care is limitedly explored. Hence, a more detailed understanding of residents’ decision-making is needed to reduce future low-value care. This study explores which contextual factors residents experience to influence their decision-making concerning low-value care. Methods: We employed nominal group technique to select four low-value care vignettes. Prompted by these vignettes, we conducted individual interviews with residents. We analyzed the qualitative data thematically using an inductive-deductive approach, guided by Bronfenbrenner’s social-ecological framework. This framework provided guidance to ‘context’ in terms of sociopolitical, environmental, organizational, interpersonal, and individual levels. Results: In 2022, we interviewed 19 residents from a Dutch university medical center. We identified 33 contextual factors influencing residents’ decision-making, either encouraging or discouraging low-value care. The contextual factors resided in the following levels with corresponding categories: (1) environmental and sociopolitical: society, professional medical association, and governance; (2) organizational: facility characteristics, social infrastructure, and work infrastructure; (3) interpersonal: resident-patient, resident-supervising physician, and resident-others; and (4) individual: personal attributes and work structure. Conclusion: This paper describes 33 contextual factors influencing residents’ decision-making concerning low-value care. Residents are particularly influenced by factors related to interactions with patients and supervisors. Furthermore, organizational factors and the broader environment set margins within which residents make decisions. While acknowledging that a multi(faceted)-intervention approach targeting all contextual factors to discourage low-value care delivery may be warranted, improving communication skills in the resident-patient dynamics to recognize and explain low-value care seems a particular point of interest over which residents can exercise an influence themselves.
The Use of Evidence to Design an Essential Package of Health Services in Pakistan: A Review and Analysis of Prioritisation Decisions at Different Stages of the Appraisal Process
Authors: Torres-Rueda Sergio , Vassall Anna , Zaidi Raza , Kitson Nichola , Khalid Muhammad , Zulfiqar Wahaj , Jansen Maarten , Raza Wajeeha , Huda Maryam , Sandmann Frank , Baltussen Rob , Siddiqi Sameen , Alwan Ala
Published: April 2024

Background: Pakistan embarked on a process of designing an essential package of health services (EPHS) as a pathway towards universal health coverage (UHC). The EPHS design followed an evidence-informed deliberative process; evidence on 170 interventions was introduced along multiple stages of appraisal engaging different stakeholders tasked with prioritising interventions for inclusion. We report on the composition of the package at different stages, analyse trends of prioritised and deprioritised interventions and reflect on the trade-offs made. Methods: Quantitative evidence on cost-effectiveness, budget impact, and avoidable burden of disease was presented to stakeholders in stages. We recorded which interventions were prioritised and deprioritised at each stage and carried out three analyses: (1) a review of total number of interventions prioritised at each stage, along with associated costs per capita and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) averted, to understand changes in affordability and efficiency in the package, (2) an analysis of interventions broken down by decision criteria and intervention characteristics to analyse prioritisation trends across different stages, and (3) a description of the trajectory of interventions broken down by current coverage and cost-effectiveness. Results: Value for money generally increased throughout the process, although not uniformly. Stakeholders largely prioritised interventions with low budget impact and those preventing a high burden of disease. Highly cost-effective interventions were also prioritised, but less consistently throughout the stages of the process. Interventions with high current coverage were overwhelmingly prioritised for inclusion. Conclusion: Evidence-informed deliberative processes can produce actionable and affordable health benefit packages. While cost-effective interventions are generally preferred, other factors play a role and limit efficiency.
Pakistan’s Progress on Universal Health Coverage: Lessons Learned in Priority Setting and Challenges Ahead in Reinforcing Primary Healthcare
Authors: Alwan Ala , Jamison Dean T. , Siddiqi Sameen , Vassall Anna
Published: April 2024

Pakistan developed an essential package of health services at the primary health care level as a key component of health reforms aiming to achieve universal health coverage. This supplement describes the methods and processes adopted for evidence-informed prioritization of services, policy decisions adopted, and the lessons learned in package design as well as in the transition to effective rollout. The papers conclude that evidenceinformed deliberative processes can be effectively applied to design affordable packages of services that represent good value for money and address a major part of the disease burden. Transition to implementation requires a comprehensive assessment of health system gaps, strong engagement of the planning and financing sectors, serious involvement of key national stakeholders and the private health sector, capacity building, and institutionalization of technical and managerial skills. Pakistan’s experience highlights the need for updating the evidence and model packages of the Disease Control Priorities 3 initiative and reinforcing international collaboration to support technical guidance to countries in priority setting and UHC reforms.
INFLUENCE OF TECHNOLOGICAL PARAMETERS ON THE STABILITY OF A SINGLE TRACK DURING SELECTIVE LASER MELTING OF INCONEL 718 ALLOY
Authors: Sergey Adjamsky , Ganna Kononenko , Rostyslav Podolskyi
Published: April 2024

With selective laser melting, the product consists of a set of single layers, which in turn are created from a set of single tracks. Samples were printed on an Alfa-150 3D printer manufactured by ALT Ukraine LLC. Single tracks were created on a base pad made of the same material. At the same time, the laser power was changed in the range of 100...150 W with a step of 10 W, and the speed of the laser beam - in the range of 1300...3500 mm/s with a step of 100 mm/s. A total of 108 printing modes of single tracks, located at a distance of 1.5...2 mm from each other, were investigated. Each block contains 6 groups of 3 single tracks made in the same mode. The thickness of the layer used in the experiments is 30 μm. The stability and quality of the track is determined by the amount of specific energy. With a decrease in the value of the specific energy.
FEATURES OF THE MICROSTRUCTURE OF AXIAL BLANKS AFTER ROLLING
Authors: Tetyana Balakhanova , Anna Kononenko , Olena Safronova , Olena Shpak , Zhanna Dementieva
Published: April 2024

A study of the features of the structure of axle blanks made of steel grade F (AAR M-101-2017 Axles, carbon steel, heat-treated) after longitudinal rolling on a TPA 5-12" pipe rolling unit with pilgrim mills in three crimping modes (1 mode: Ø 470 → Ø 380 → Ø 260 mm; 2nd mode: Ø 470 → Ø 420 → Ø 260 mm; 3rd mode: Ø 470 →Ø 260 mm). Determination of the features of the distribution of deformation work and the formation of the final structure after deformation according to the experimental modes of BLZ Ø470 mm per circle Ø260 mm is the goal of research. It was determined that the uniformity of the grain structure is the highest after the application of mode #3 (Ø 470 →Ø 260 mm).
COMPLEXITY OF HIGH-TEMPERATURE SIMULATION PROCESSES OF GAS MIXING THE MEL AT UC UKP (LF - PROCESS)
Authors: Pavlo Burkov , Kostiantyn Chubin , Mykola Rudenko , Olena Chubin , Artem Pokhvalityi
Published: April 2024

In order to increase the technological and quality indicators of out-of-furnace processing, to minimize the costs of material and energy resources in the production of converter steel, it is necessary to analyze the description of the processes in out-of-furnace processing of steel at the ladle-furnace installation, modern methods of their research and other publications on this topic, to analyze the trends of development and improvement applied technological regimes of out-of-bake processing of melt at high-capacity UKP (LF-process) in the directions of resource efficiency and improvement of metal quality, which indicate the prospects of developments in the direction of rationalization of processes of gas mixing of metal melt.
RESEARCH OF METHODS OF MEASURING PHYSICAL INDICATORS OF FLUE GAS POSTCOMBUSTION TORCH AS A MEANS OF PREDICTING THE COURSE OF PHYSICOCHEMICAL TRANSFORMATIONS IN STEEL SMELTING PROCESSES
Authors: Tetiana Golub , Lavr Моlchanov , Serhii Semykin
Published: April 2024

The oxygen-converter process is accompanied by the release of a significant amount of off-gases, that under the conditions of postcombustion form a torch over the neck of the converter. Change the torch nature corresponds the peculiarities of the heat blowing. However, it is difficult to register and analyze the torch due to the significant temperature above the neck of the unit and the large amount of dust released during the blowing. The paper presents the results of physical modeling of methods of registration of physical indicators of flame, simulating a single flare, such as heat transfer from a gas torch, luminosity (brightness) in the ultraviolet, visible and infrared spectra and electrical characteristics of the torch. It was indicated the feasibility of using the measurement of electrical characteristics of the gas flare as a parameter to control the process (namely the difference of natural potentials), such as postcombustion, due to efficiency determination, the lack of significant impact on the accuracy of measurement of excess temperature and the degree of dust. Testing of this method on a high-temperature model showed compliance with the registered electrical characteristics of the system “blowing lance - metal bath-body of the unit” of a number of processes that occur during the blowing in the volume of the unit. By comparing the obtained measured indicators with the experimentally established indicators according to the parameters of technology and limit values, it is possible to draw conclusions, depending on their deviation, about the necessity, for example, change the position of the lance to achieve the desired result or perform other corrective operations and achieve the best technological results of the metal smelting.
ANALYTICAL STUDIES OF CHANGES IN KINETICS OF PHASE TRANSFORMATIONS IN STEEL DEPENDING ON CHEMICAL COMPOSITION
Authors: Rostyslav Podolskyi , Olena Safronova , Oleksandr Babachenko , Ganna Kononenko , Oleksii Merkulov
Published: April 2024

Based on research in recent years, it is known that the strength of pearlite rail steels has reached its limit. In addition, the increase in carbon content has a negative effect on the impact strength and weldability of rail materials. Therefore, there is a need to develop and use new steels with the formation of a structural component of bainite. Determination of the influence of basic chemical elements through the known TTT diagrams and the actual chemical composition on the formation of the structure with the subsequent construction of SST diagrams. The simulation results showed that when the CAD model of chemical compositions is heated at a rate of 30°С/min in steel, the polymorphic a→y transformation begins at a temperature of ~771°С (Ас1) and ends at ~829°С (Ас3). To build the SST, the CAD model was set to a temperature from which cooling to a temperature of 900°C was simulated.
ANALYSIS OF RESOURCE-EFFICIENT METHODS OF USING METAL SCRAP IN THE CONVERTER PROCESS
Authors: Vadym Rozbytskyi , Olena Chubina , Kostiantyn Chubin , Artem Pokhvalityi , Mykola Rudenko
Published: April 2024

In the modern realities of steelmaking in Ukraine, the price policy for liquid iron and scrap metal, which are dynamically changing, forces steel producers to constantly change the technological mode of converter melting. In the workshops that operate and have operated, at one time, to one degree or another, they underwent industrial inspection and the implementation of technology aimed at reducing the consumption of cast iron. The technologies implemented at enterprises, which allow to reduce the consumption of liquid iron by 45-50 kg per one ton of steel, raise the issue of the amount of energy consumption accompanying these processes. Analysis of methods aimed at further increasing the share of scrap in converter production allows us to draw conclusions about the prospects of using the least energy-consuming of them in the steel industry of Ukraine.
GRILL GRATES AGGLOMERATION AND BURNING MACHINES
Authors: Rodion Rudenko , Kostyantyn Chubin , Mykola Rudenko , Mykhailo Kashcheev , Olena Chubin
Published: April 2024

The purpose of the work is to create a grid field system of sintering or firing machines with high operational stability and low resistance. The common designs of grate grates of agglomeration machines are considered. It was established that one of the shortcomings is the parallelism of the contact surfaces of the locks, the spical carriage of the under-rail beams. A new structure of the grate with an angle α of the contact faces of the mouth of the grate lock to the under-grate beam has been developed. This will reduce the transfer of heat load to the spiking trolley by minimizing the area of contact with the under-grill beam, and will increase air access for cooling the under-grill beams. Due to the wedge-shaped forms of the contact surfaces, the material falling into the spaces between the gratings and sub-grating beams has the ability to move in different planes without blocking in the gaps and being removed.
PHYSICAL-CHEMICAL AND HYDRO-GAS-DYNAMIC REGULATIONS OF CAST IRON REFINING IN LADLES
Authors: Rodion Rudenko , Kostiantyn Chubin , Olena Chubina , Mykola Rudenko , Artem Pokhvalityi
Published: April 2024

The history of the development of the theory and technology of cast iron refining testifies to the constant search and improvement of methods and devices that ensure, when reagents are introduced into a completely filled ladle, in the best case, calm processing with maximum assimilation of reagents and, if possible, the simultaneous removal of impurities such as Si, P and S. The organization and scope of off-site processing of cast iron have changed significantly in recent years. This was determined, on the one hand, by a significant increase in the requirements for the quality of steel (in particular, in connection with the transition to continuous casting), by the difficulties that appear in the case of using scrap metal due to an increase in the content of harmful impurities in it, and on the other hand, the advantages " slag-free" or "low-slag" technology of converter melting when processing such cast iron.
DUST FROM ELECTRIC STEELMAKING PRODUCTION AS A RESOURCE FOR THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF THE METALLURGICAL INDUSTRY
Authors: Lydmila Kamkina , Yana Mianovska , Yuriyj Proydak , Lydmila Isaeva
Published: April 2024

The object of research is the technology of chipboard dust processing and iron-containing metallurgical waste. The purpose of the work is the analysis of physico-chemical processes, experimental research and the development of innovative technological solutions and recommendations regarding chipboard dust and iron-containing metallurgical waste. Research methods – theoretical studies are based on the basic principles of physical chemistry and the theory of metallurgical processes. Calculations of the thermodynamic equilibrium of oxide systems are based on the Gibbs theory and implemented using the computer program "FASTSage 6.0"; research of the chemical composition of the phase components of manganese ferroalloys was carried out using a scanning electron microscope YSM-6300LA of the JEOL company, Japan. Scientific novelty. Effective removal of zinc from chipboard dust is already possible at moderate temperatures of 1000...1100oC, including when using substandard carbon materials as a carbon reducer. At temperatures of the order of 1000...1100°C, iron-containing dust and sludge undergo changes, which leads to a decrease in the content of Zn in the processed material, the transition of the original dusty materials into a compact, strong mass. Practical significance. Joint processing of slag and chipboard dust by batching in different proportions is not rational, since in this case the concentration of zinc collected in the gas cleaning of the processing unit is reduced. It will be more effective to organize alternate processing of chipboard dust and slag in different time periods (for example, monthly).
ENERGY EFFICIENT SOLUTIONS FOR STEEL REFINING IN FOUNDRY CLASS ELECTRIC ARC FURNACE
Authors: Sergii Timoshenko , Eduard Niemtsev , Mikhail Gubinskij
Published: April 2024

Analysis of recent research and publications. The technological period in foundry class electric arc furnaces (EAF) is usually long term, is determined by desulfurization of steel and accompanied by significant energy loss through emissive surface of shallow steelmaking bath. Known mathematical models of Sulphur removal do not take into attention the impact of hydrodynamics factors due to deepening of the steelmaking bath of the same volume. Purpose. The task is to show feasibility of energy savings in foundry class EAF due to implementation of “deep” bath with forced pneumatic mixing. Method. Numerical modeling of sulfur removal in the steelmaking bath under conditions of forced pneumatic mixing. Research findings. Mathematical model takes into account removal of sulfur on interfacial surface of thin steel film, covering gas bubbles, geometry of bath and two-phase region, hydrodynamics, coalescence of bubbles. Simulation showed that in a “deep” bath, having shape factor (diameter to depth ratio) 2.5, rate of desulfurization, increases up to 5-6.7 times compared with a standard not forcibly stirred bath with shape factor 4.5, due to amplification of mass transfer in two-phase region and film desulfurization, reaching at least 23-28 % in overall process. Rise of porous plug radius contributes to increase sulfur removal velocity due to enlargement of threshold flowrates, corresponding to transition bubble - jet mode and bath "breakdown” mode. Effect of bath deepening in overall improvement of desulfurization kinetics is on average 23%. Practical significance. The obtained results allow to expect a shortening of the technological period due to increase of sulfur removal processes by an average of 1.5 times. Taking into account the share of the technological period in the total duration of melting on average 25-30%, the reduction of melting time will be 8-10%, and the saving of electricity, with an average specific consumption in small-capacity arc furnaces of 850 kWh/t, is expected to be 60-70 kWh per ton of crude steel.
INFORMATION SUPPORT FOR SELECTION OF OPTIMAL SLAG MIXTURES FOR IRON AND STEEL REFINING
Authors: Dmytro Stepanenko , Daria Togobitskaya , Jury Likhachev
Published: April 2024

Metallurgical slags are important for the smelting process of cast iron and steel. The theoretical and experimental study of the properties of slags and their systems will make it possible to reasonably choose the optimal compositions of mineral mixtures and secondary resources for their further use, in particular: slag mixtures for refining, slag mixtures for insulating and insulating the metal surface, mixtures for the continuous casting process, glass lubricants, etc.
ANALYSIS OF THE SURFACE OF COAL SHAVINGS USING ATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPY TO DETERMINE THE STRUCTURE
Authors: Evgen Sorokin , Volodimir Kamkin , Katerina Baykina
Published: April 2024

Goal. Determining the structure of coal by the method of chip surface analysis. Research object: properties and structure of coal of different brands. Research methods: using atomic force microscopy to determine the structure of coal by analyzing the chip surface. Scientific novelty. A comparison of the cleavage surfaces of the dense fractions of the examined coal grades DH and K shows that the supramolecular structure changes almost equally in both grades with a change in density. Both brands contain supramolecular nanostructural formations, the distribution of layers of which has a structured "dendrid-like" appearance when the density changes. Research data confirm the possibility of obtaining semi-coke from low-metamorphosed coal, which corresponds to the indicators of high-quality PUT.
NEURAL NETWORK MODELING OF PLASMA-CHEMICAL PROCESSES OF OBTAINING NANOSYSTEMS
Authors: Victor Makarchenko , Larysa Korotka , Marharyta Skiba
Published: April 2024

Plasma-chemical technology is a new area of industrial chemical technology. Chemical processes in low-temperature plasma, the regularities of reactions, and the basis of plasma-chemical technology will require computer simulation. Building adequate simulation models of plasma-chemical processes for developing nanosystems and computer simulations with them allows the development of applied research studies in this subject area. Computer intelligence technologies provide an opportunity to use non-classical approaches to building mathematical models of chemical processes. Neural network technologies make it possible to create mathematical simulation models of various processes.
APPLICATION OF MATHEMATICAL MODELING FOR THE SPECIALTY "MOTOR TRANSPORT"
Authors: Oleksandr Rudyk , Nazar Vidnichuk , Nazar Dotsenko , R.V. Uroda
Published: April 2024

The paper considers the use of mathematical modeling in the educational process. The influence of model experiments on the development of students' cognitive activity is noted. The role of the functioning of the student scientific group (SSG) "Research of performance of details of motor-car technique" in a higher technical educational institution in the preparation of future highly qualified specialists is assessed.