bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of New Methods for the Production of Large-Diameter Double-Seam Pipes
Authors: Batalov German S. , Lunev Alexander A. , Radionova L.V. , Lezin Viacheslav D.
Published: April 2021

Modern metallurgical industry consists of many of supporting and main plants, which require constant material investments. The issue of saving material resources, raw materials, etc., as well as reducing the expenditure coefficient of the metal, optimization and flexibility of production, is an important part for metallurgical companies in the conditions of economic instability in the industrial sector. This article describes the newly developed methods for the production of expandable electric welded pipes from two sheets (double-seam). An assessment of the feasibility of implementing the developed methods was made for the production of large diameter double-seam pipes, using modern engineering analysis methods, based on the finite element method (FEM). Technological modes of shaping were selected to produce products that meet customer requirements. The article describes the results of the experimental work, assesses the convergence of the results obtained using CAE-systems and the experimental work in the plant. The developed mathematical models for the production of pipe billets in the main shaping operations have high convergence and can be used in the calculation of new sizes. The use of the developed mathematical models in the specialized software package MSC Software allows evaluating new technological modes and various production methods without risks and financial losses. The proposed new methods for the production of large-diameter double-seam pipes (forming a sheet from two halves and forming a half cylinder) increased productivity and flexibility of production, and also had a positive economic efficiency, due to lower costs for sheet billet. New production methods have proved their working ability and have proved the possibility of practical application (production of an experimental batch).
Sickle cell disease in Nigerian children: A cross-sectional study on parental awareness and home management of pain
Authors: Afolabi Oyetundun Fausat , Esomonu Sabastine Ndubisi
Published: April 2021

Pain, being the clinical trademark of Sickle Cell Disease (SCD), impacts negatively on clinical outcome in children. However, little is known regarding parental home pain management in children with SCD. We aimed to determine the parental awareness, use and perceived efficacy of pain relief techniques for children with SCD. This is a cross-sectional study involving 80 parents of children with SCD seen at General Hospital, Bwari, North-Central Nigeria. An interview-based, structured questionnaire was used to obtain information on socio-demographic characteristics, clinical history, parental awareness, use and perceived effectiveness of pain relief techniques. Data analysis was with SPSS version 20. Seventy-six (95.0%) respondents were aware of available pain relief technique(s) in SCD. Fifty-four (67.5%) respondents used pain relief techniques, 33 (61.1%) of whom used multiple pain relief techniques. The most commonly used drugs and Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) were nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (47.0%) and massage (36.0%) respectively. Thirty-three (61.1%) respondents perceived their selected techniques as effective. A higher proportion (27.3%) of the children with multiple hospitalizations used multiple pain relief techniques when compared with 4.8% who used drugs alone (p=0.038). However, there was no significant difference based on age, gender, maternal education, genotype, age at diagnosis, pain episodes, regularity of routine drugs and packed cell volume of the children and pain relief techniques used (p>0.05). This study found high parental awareness and utilization of home pain relief techniques for children with SCD. The use of multiple pain relief techniques was influenced by multiple hospitalizations of the children.
Erratum - Dermatophytes, dermatophytosis in the Caribbean and potential for herbal therapy
Authors: Gugnani Harish , Venkatesan Kirthika
Published: April 2021

This corrects the article entitled "Dermatophytes, dermatophytosis in the Caribbean and potential for herbal therapy" by the author Harish C. Gugnani published with DOI: doi:10.4081/idhm.2020.96
Role of Serotonin Receptor Antagonist Cyproheptadine in Treatment-Resistant Akathisia
Authors: Veeraraghavan Vishnupriya , Srinivasan Krishnan
Published: April 2021

Akathisia is a term used for motor restlessness along with subjective feelings of tension and discomfort. It requires both subjective and objective aspects, and these behaviors are attributed to the inner feelings of tension. It is due to antipsychotic drug exposure. Treatment involves lowering the dosage of the antipsychotic medications, adding propranolol, benzodiazepines like diazepam or clonazepam, clonidine, or mirtazapine. Here, we present a case of akathisia which we found novel as the patient did not respond to the forementioned conventional methods and developed adverse effects but responded only to cyproheptadine syrup.
Comparison of the Quality of Life and Female Sexual Function Following Laparoscopic Pectopexy and Laparoscopic Sacrohysteropexy in Apical Prolapse Patients
Authors: Obut Mehmet , Oğlak Süleyman Cemil , Akgöl Sedat
Published: April 2021

Objectives:

We sought to compare the surgical outcomes, safety, effectiveness, and mid-term outcomes in patients who had undergone laparoscopic hysterosacropexy and laparoscopic pectopexy due to apical prolapse.

Materials and Methods:

This prospective randomized study was conducted on a total of 62 women who underwent apical prolapse surgery (32 undergoing a pectopexy and 30 undergoing a sacrohysteropexy) between June 2015 and June 2017. Patients with symptomatic uterine or vaginal vault prolapse with stage 2 or worse were included in the sudy. Before and after the operation, we used the Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification System (POP-Q) and questionnaires, which are the Prolapse Quality of Life Questionnaire (P-QOL) and Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI), to evaluated cases. Baseline characteristics, perioperative and postoperative complications, and follow-up results at 12 months were also evaluated.

Results:

All domains of POP-Q, P-QOL, and FSFI scores improved significantly after surgery both in pectopexy and sacrohysteropexy group. The postoperative complications of both procedures were similar except for constipation after surgery (3.2% in the pectopexy group and 20% in the hysterosacropexy group [P = 0.036]).

Conclusion:

Both sacrohysteropexy and pectopexy are effective surgical options for apical prolapse patients. The pectopexy is an acceptable alternative to laparoscopic sacrohysteropexy because of its less complexity and not reducing pelvic space for the rectum to exist. We suggest that the laparoscopic pectopexy may be widely used in clinical routine.
Management of varicose veins through therapeutic purgation and bloodletting therapy
Authors: Bramhanwade Harshal , Jena Swarnakant , Bahute Pratik D. , Bhatted Santosh Kumar , Dharmarajan Prasanth
Published: April 2021

Background:

Varicose veins are enlarged, swollen, and tortuous veins, which mainly affect lower limbs (legs and feet). There may be involvement of superior veins or deep veins. Varicose veins are not a threat to life but it affects day-to-day activities and conditions worsen with chronicity. In contemporary medicine, compressing and stripping by surgery are mainly used treatments for varicose veins. Varicose veins are described as Siragranthi in Ayurveda. Virechana followed by Raktamokshana and internal medication (Manjishthadi Kwatha and Kaishore Guggulu) are found to be useful in the treatment of Siragranthi.

Materials and Methods:

This case study of a 40-year-old patient of varicose veins includes Virechana and Raktamokshana (bloodletting), which showed significant relief in Shoola (pain), Shotha (swelling), and Daha (burning sensation).

Results:

After a total of 18 days of treatment, the VCSS score reduced from 8 to 3 and the VAS score reduced from 5 to 2. This proves the significant effect of classical Ayurveda Panchakarma treatment like Virechana and Raktamokshana in varicose veins.
Suicidal ideation in schizophrenia
Authors: Nath Santanu , Kalita Kamal Narayan , Baruah Aparajeeta , Saraf Anantprakash Siddharthkumar , Mukherjee Diptadhi , Singh Pankaj Kumar
Published: April 2021

Introduction:

Suicide is a leading cause of mortality in schizophrenia. The study attempts to find an association of suicidal ideation, a less studied entity than suicide attempt, with various sociodemographic and clinical profiles in patients with schizophrenia.

Materials and Methods:

It is a cross-sectional study involving 140 patients diagnosed as schizophrenia. Sociodemographic and clinical profiles were collected using a semi-structured proforma. Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia, InterSePT Scale for Suicidal Thinking, and Drug Attitude Inventory-10 were applied to assess psychopathology, depressive symptoms, suicidal ideas, and attitude toward psychotropics, respectively. The analysis was done using appropriate statistics.

Results:

Majority of the study sample were Hindus, male, unmarried, literate, unemployed, and belonging from lower socioeconomic class. About 25.7% attempted suicide earlier and 29.3% currently have suicidal ideation. A previous suicide attempt, family history of psychiatric illness and that of suicide and comorbid substance use, significantly predicted (p < 0.05) a current suicidal ideation. Ideation has also been found to be significantly correlated to comorbid depression and the positive, negative, emotional, and excitement domains of schizophrenic psychopathology.

Conclusion:

The current study shows suicidal ideations in schizophrenia patients to be significantly related to schizophrenic psychopathology and comorbid depression, thus calling for a holistic management in preventing a fatal outcome.
Quantum Circuit Synthesis Using Projective Simulation
Authors: Menegasso Pires Otto , Inacio Duzzioni Eduardo , Marchi Jerusa , De Santiago Rafael
Published: April 2021

Quantum Computing has been evolving in the last years. Although nowadays quantum algorithms performance has shown superior to their classical counterparts, quantum decoherence and additional auxiliary qubits needed for error tolerance routines have been huge barriers for quantum algorithms efficient use.These restrictions lead us to search for ways to minimize algorithms costs, i.e the number of quantum logical gates and the depth of the circuit. For this, quantum circuit synthesis and quantum circuit optimization techniques are explored.We studied the viability of using Projective Simulation, a reinforcement learning technique, to tackle the problem of quantum circuit synthesis. The agent had the task of creating quantum circuits up to 5 qubits. Our simulations demonstrated that the agent had a good performance but its capacity for learning new circuits decreased as the number of qubits increased.
Endoscopic sinus surgery in adult patients with Chronic Rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (PolypESS) - statistical analysis plan for a multicentre randomised controlled trial
Authors: Lourijsen E.S. , Vleming M. , Reitsma S. , Fokkens W.J.
Published: April 2021

Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) afflicts 2-4% of the population and comes with a long time burden of disease and high societal costs. The current treatment consists of medical treatment alone or in combination with endoscopic sinus surgery. No consensus exists on the right timing and extent of disease that warrants surgery. Furthermore, there is lack of clinical knowledge about the benefit of surgery over medication only. The current study evaluates the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of endoscopic sinus surgery in addition to medical treatment versus medication alone in the adult patient group with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). Methods: The PolypESS trial is designed as a prospective, randomised, multicentre trial in adult patients with CRSwNP selected for primary or revision endoscopic sinus surgery by their otorhinolaryngologist. Patients are randomly assigned to endoscopic sinus surgery in addition to medication or medical therapy only. This paper details the statistical analysis plan (SAP) of this trial and was submitted before outcome data were available. Results: The primary outcome of the trial is disease-specific Health-Related Quality of Life quantified by the SNOT-22 at 12-months follow-up. Secondary outcomes consist of generic and disease-specific Health-Related Quality of Life, objective signs of disease and adverse events of treatment. Subgroup analyses will be performed to verify if treatment effects differ among patient phenotypes. Analyses will be completed according to this pre-specified SAP. The main analysis will be performed as a standard ITT analysis. Discussion: The PolypESS trial will show whether addition of endoscopic sinus surgery to medical treatment improves the disease-specific Health-Related Quality of Life quantified by the SNOT-22 at 12-months follow-up. Unforeseen deviations from the SAP at the time of analysis will be motivated and discussed in the final publication of the primary outcome of this study.
Socio-cultural practices related to Taenia solium taeniosis and cysticercosis epidemiology in endemic areas
Authors: Kajuna F.F. , Mwang’onde B.J. , Holst C. , Ngowi B. , Noll J. , Winkler A.S. , Ngowi H.A.
Published: April 2021

Socio-cultural settings and lifestyles of communities in Taenia solium taeniosis/cysticercosis (TSTC) in endemic areas influence significantly the epidemiology of the disease. This study investigated the community perceptions and practices influencing the occurrence and endemicity of TSTC. A cross-sectional survey focusing on pig-keeping households was carried out in three wards of Iringa District Council as a representative of other TSTC endemic areas. Questionnaire and observation checklists were employed for data collection. Eighty-seven (99%) of the 88 surveyed households had pit latrines, and 84(95%) of the households were found using their latrines. These latrines varied from good to a very good quality according to subjective qualitative scores. About 294 (85%) pigs were enclosed and 52(15%) were free roaming. The results indicated poor adherence to routine pig inspection at sales (50% inspection) and less pork inspection at slaughter (50% uninspected). Furthermore, there were no authorized centres for slaughter and sales. Health Officers and farmers were comfortable with the boiling form and home prepared pork (>90%). Health Officers perceived deep-frying and roasting of pork as inappropriate preparation methods. Generally, the social cultural practices and life style in the study area promoted the endemicity of Taenia solium life cycle. A strategy for surveillance on socio-cultural practices in the community is important during planning for TSTC control. This community needs sustainable health education on TSTC diseases control
Menopoz Dönemi Obez Kadınlarda Swanson Bakım Kuramının Kullanımı ve Hemşirelerin Rolü
Authors: DOĞU Özlem , KUTLUĞ Sevcan
Published: April 2021

Menopoz, ovaryum aktivitesinin yitirilmesi sonucunda menstruasyonun kalıcı olarak sonlanmasıdır. Menopoz, fizyolojik bir olay olmasına rağmen birçok semptom ile karakterize olup kadın yaşamına önemli etkileri olan bir dönemdir. Menopoz dönemi ve obezite arasında güçlü bir ilişki vardır. Obezitenin menopoz dönemi kadınlarında görülen semptomların şiddetini arttırması ve bireyin yaşam kalitesini düşürmesiyle birlikte metabolik sendrom, diabetes mellitus, kardiyovasküler hastalıklar, meme ve endometrium kanseri gibi kronik hastalıklar için risk faktörü olması menopoz döneminde obez kadınlara verilecek hemşirelik desteğinin önemini arttırmaktadır. Swanson’un 1993 yıllında geliştirdiği kuram, bireyin kişiye özgü ve bütüncül bir psikososyal destek almasını, aldığı bakım sonucunda iyileşme sürecinin hızlanmasını, kendine olan güveni ve bağımsızlığının artmasını amaçlamaktadır. Ayrıca hemşirelerin bireyin yaşadığı zorlukları anlamaları ve bu zorlukları çözmeleri için bir rehber olacaktır. Bu sayede, hemşirelik sürecinde kuramın kullanılması menopoz dönemindeki obez kadınlarda bakımın sistematik ve etkin olmasını sağlamaktır. Bu derlemede; Swanson tarafından geliştirilen bakım kuramının hemşirelik tanıları kullanılarak menopoz dönemindeki obez kadınların bakımında kullanılabilirliği konusunda farkındalık yaratmak ve bu kuramın menepoz dönemindeki obez kadınların bakımına yol gösterici bir rehber olmasını sağlamak amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Koronavirüs 2019 Pandemi Sürecinde Hemşirelik Eğitimi: Belirsizlikler ve Öneriler
Authors: İLASLAN Nagihan , DEMİRAY Ayşe
Published: April 2021

Hemşirelik eğitimi, öğrenim sürecinde öğrenciye kazandırılan teorik bilgilerin klinik alanda uygulamasını gerektiren bir yapıya sahiptir. Ancak 2019 yılının sonlarından itibaren küresel boyutta mücadele edilen Koronavirüs 2019 pandemi sürecinde, virüsün bulaşma zincirini kırabilmek amacıyla insan yaşamında birçok değişim yaşanmaktadır. Bu değişimlerden birisi de hemşirelik alanında eğitim veren kurumların yüz yüze verilen örgün eğitim süreçlerini uzaktan eğitim aracılığı ile devam ettirmek zorunda kalmalarıdır. Oldukça hızlı gerçekleştirilen bu süreçte teknolojik alt yapı, eğitimci ve öğrencilerin bilgi kaynaklarına ulaşma ve bunları kullanma durumları gibi konularda değerlendirmeler gerçekleştirilememiştir. Henüz yapılandırılmamış olan ve öğrencileri klinik alandan uzaklaştıran bu süreç hemşirelik öğrencilerinin eğitim süreçlerinde bilişsel, duyuşsal ve psikomotor alanlarda kazanmaları gereken yeterliliklere yönelik tehdit oluşturmaktadır. Dolayısıyla hemşirelik eğitiminin hem teorik hem uygulamalı boyutuna yönelik birçok belirsizlik doğmakta olup, uluslararası boyutta hemşirelik eğitiminin sürdürülebilirliğine yönelik görüşlerin ortaya koyulduğu görülmektedir. Derlemenin amacı, Koronavirüs 2019 pandemi sürecinde hemşirelik eğitiminin nasıl sürdürülebileceği konusundaki belirsizlik hakkında literatür doğrultusunda çıkarımlarda ve önerilerde bulunmaktır.
Mechanical Properties on Self - Compacting Concrete Replacement with Fly Ash, Silica Fume in Cement and Addition with Fibres
Authors: V. Sri Ramya Lekhini and Janardhan G
Published: April 2021

Self-compacting concrete has high workability and flow ability than normal compacted concrete. With its
segregation resistance and fluidity, it offers a solution to problems in construction field like lack of skilled
labour, inadequate compaction, over compaction, segregation etc. This study includes designing a
self-compacting concrete mix which is standardized using its fresh properties with respect to EFNARC
(European Federation of National Associations Representing for Concrete)standards.
In this study, fly ash is used as partial replacement for cement in concrete. The mix design for M30 grade
self-compacting concrete is done as per EFNARC standards. Then various properties of different mixes of
M30 grade with 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% & 50%and 5% of silica fume as partial replacements of cement were
compared, and the optimum percentage replacement is obtained at 30% replacement (SCC 30). On
determining the optimum percentage replacement of fly ash in cement for M30 grade SCC as SCC 30, various
properties such as weight loss and compressive strength and flexural strength of SCC 30 with normal SCC
30 are compared and then finally basalt fibres were added to cement content to asses the performance of
concrete with fly ash and fibres as partial replacements of cement. It is found that the there is loss in weight
as well as compressive strength and flexural strength of specimen due to adding fly ash and basalt fibres
An Exploratory Study on Student Inattentiveness using ANN
Authors: Arathi Chandran R I, Priya S A and Lekshmi V
Published: April 2021

In day to day classroom student behaviors such as troublesome, awful avoidance of work, interfering with
teaching activities, harassing classmates, rudeness to teachers, daydreaming in class can vary from mild to
severe is a problematic issue. These issues are reported by the teacher as intolerable and stress provoking.
Every teacher must spend a lot of time to manage these kinds of students. These kinds of misbehaviors can
affect the effectiveness of teaching and it may also affect the proper learning of the student. We can conclude
that all the above-mentioned issues are comes under inattentiveness of a student. This work is focused on
bridging the gap between qualitative and quantitative approaches to classify student inattentiveness. Thus,
this research applies K-means and ANN machine learning algorithms to automatically identify and classify
the inattentive students by using Kinect RGB-D sensor. Results of this research can be used to recruit
teachers with years of teaching experience and training background to get an apt solution for the issue.
Элитология образования в контексте современных вызовов и угроз
Authors: Rezakov Ravil G. , Rekesheva Farida M.
Published: April 2021

Настоящий мир переживает серьезные трансформационные изменения, связанные с кризисом глобалистического (монополярного и мультикультурного) проекта и ростом постиндустриальных тенденций. В этих условиях изменяется и роль многих профессиональных элитных сообществ, меняются акценты их оценки и роли в мировом общественном процессе. Поскольку свои элиты есть в каждой области профессиональной деятельности, возникает необходимость исследования феномена элиты именно с точки зрения сообщества неких избранных групп, отвечающих за формирование ответа на вызов своей эпохи. Цель настоящей работы -показать роль элитного (открытого и высококачественного) университетского образования в формировании профессиональных качеств современных элитных сообществ.

В работе авторами используется целый комплекс методов, от диалектики и герменевтики до компаративистики и семиотики. Данный набор методов исследования позволяет проникнуть вглубь качественных параметров элитных сообществ, дать им всестороннюю оценку. В этой связи особую роль отводится принципам персонализма, раскрывающим глубину элитной личности и смысл ее творческого процесса. Именно эта задача – раскрытие смысла творчества выдающихся личностей – и является новым словом в развитии современной элитологии, как науки об элите (форме) и элитности (содержания).

Результатом настоящей работы является обоснование необходимости элитного образования в реализации меритократических проектов и постепенном отказе от доминирования олигархического вмешательства в ее технологические процессы. Новизна данной ситуации состоит в том, что проводить усиление своего качественного потенциала университетам приходится в условиях переходного периода – от позднего индустриализма к раннему постиндустриализму, что накладывает свой отпечаток на весь этот процесс.
Интеллектуальная критика церкви в современной Грузии как конфликт элит
Authors: Kyrchanoff Maksym W.
Published: April 2021

Автор анализирует противоречия между светским и церковным сегментом современного грузинского общества в контекстах конфликта элит. Целью статьи является анализ конфликта между светскими и несветскими элитами Грузии. Предполагается, что грузинское гражданское общество в 1990 – 2010-е годы успело консолидироваться и стало важным фактором культурной и социальной жизни. Грузинские интеллектуалы предпочитают использовать светские модели культурной и социальной коммуникации. Несмотря на процессы секуляризации и развития гражданского общества, Церковь сохранила свое политическое влияние. Предполагается, что представители Церкви в Грузии формируют несветские культурные и интеллектуальные элиты. Отношения между светскими и духовными интеллектуалами в современной Грузии могут быть определены как напряженные и конфронтационные. Показано, что нецерковные интеллектуалы активно поддерживают и продвигают ценности секулярного общества, критикуя Церковь за ее консерватизм. В статье анализируются основные направления критики Церкви. Автор полагает, что критика Церкви в современном конфликте элит политизирована и идеологизирована. Автор полагает, что светские интеллектуалы формируют негативный образ Церкви как архаичного и консервативного института, обвиняя иераохов в коррупции и нарушении норм христианской этики. Критика Церкви стала важным сегментом современной грузинской интеллектуальной ситуации. Антиклерикальные нарративы столь широко рапсротранены и влиятельны, что они могут быть определены как изобретенная традиция современного грузинского гражданского национализма. Перспективы развития отношений между светскими интеллектуалами и Церковью остаются неопределенными. Автор полагает, что нельзя исключать дальнейшую радикализацию светских интеллектуальных сообществ, так как общий проевропейский и прозападный политический курс политических элит содействует фрагментации грузинского общества и росту противоречий между светскими радикальными и консервативными церковными элитами.
Modelado inelástico de la primera dovela de puentes de voladizos sucesivos usando la normativa colombiana de puentes
Authors: Banda Montoya Cristian Alejandro , Londoño Henao Julián Andrés , Riveros Jerez Carlos Alberto
Published: April 2021

Este artículo presenta un análisis comparativo de respuesta inelástica en la primera dovela de puentes construidos por el método de voladizos sucesivos, diseñados con base en los códigos colombianos de diseño de puentes CCP-14 y CCDSP-95. En el contexto nacional, no es común que los diseños de puentes incluyan el cálculo de ductilidad obtenida mediante modelado no lineal, es decir se asume un grado de ductilidad más no se verifíca. Este aspecto es importante por cuanto un valor alto de deformación trae consigo una mejora considerable en la confiabilidad y la seguridad de un puente. Los resultados numéricos indican que la ductilidad por curvatura de la sección es aproximadamente 3 sin importar el código de diseño, un valor ajustado además a lo especificado en normativas internacionales. La curvatura obtenida en fluencia tiende a un valor similar, pero se tiene mayor ductilidad para la evaluación realizada según la norma CCP-14.
Exploration of Social Studies Teachers’ Experiences of Reading Practices: A Phenomenological Study
Authors: İlter İlhan
Published: April 2021

In this phenomenological study, I aimed to describe the perceptions of social studies teachers’ lived experiences about their reading practices that may have influence on the development of students’ reading comprehension. Data were collected from interviews and handwritten interview notes were analyzed by using qualitative data analysis. Sixteen middle school social studies teachers were recruited in different schools in a city in Turkey for this study. Three themes emerged from the data analysis in the study: reading comprehension skills and strategies, teaching practices and instructional practices. The results of this study yielded two findings: first, the majority of the teachers did not benefit from best practices, reflecting the highly interactive nature of the reading comprehension process; instead they often used the reading tasks or practices in traditional sense in-class. In addition, these teachers found feelings of inadequacy in terms of providing students with instruction in reading comprehension strategies due to their lack of training of content area reading instruction. Second, a few teachers believed that providing instructional scaffolding to support the development of students’ reading comprehension was of primary importance in terms of building understandings and skills for social studies reading achievement.
Homeless Individuals’ Social Construction of a Park: A Symbolic Interactionist Perspective
Authors: Addo Reuben
Published: April 2021

Individuals experiencing homelessness and housed residents have increasingly been in conflict over the use of public spaces, which has led to efforts to regulate how individuals experiencing homelessness use public spaces. However, the discourses around the use of public parks seem to value housed residents over homeless individuals. How individuals experiencing homelessness construct meanings of public spaces has not been given adequate attention in the literature. Drawing on a symbolic interactionist theoretical framework and grounded theory methodology, the researcher conducted 10 semi-structured interviews on how individuals experiencing homelessness construct meanings of a public park. Participants ascribed instrumental and intangible meanings to the park by describing it as a homeless safety hub, a homeless resource hub, and a homeless network hub. This study suggested that homeless individuals’ constructed meanings of public parks may be motivated by their interactions with their peers and housed residents. This study recommends policy makers to make an effort to understand factors that force people experiencing homelessness to congregate in public parks and to discontinue regulations that criminalize how individuals experiencing homelessness use public parks.
Object Handling with Contemporary Craft Objects: An Observational Study of an Embodied, Social and Cognitive Process
Authors: Davenport Bruce , Thompson Neill
Published: April 2021

This study focuses on the ways that people interact around contemporary craft objects. The ambiguous quality of these objects holds people’s attention and inhibits autobiographical narratives. The study focused on the relationship between the perceptual language used by participants and the ways in which they interacted with the objects. The analytical approach taken here begins with close observation and careful description of single cases and working towards valid generalisations rather than imposing an interpretation from the outset by explicitly positing a hypothesis. Six pairs of women were invited to participate in object handling conversations in an art museum setting. The conversations were recorded using digital video cameras. Analysis treated interaction as an embodied process and drew on work, which interprets interaction the outcome of social and cognitive processes. We found that the interplay of language and action shifted fluidly throughout the conversations. Not all actions were verbally expounded on and these could only be interpreted tentatively. Utterances could change the meaning or purpose of an action without any apparent change in the dynamics of the action. When attending a complex quality, such as the material nature of an object, the relationship between language and action was correspondingly complex. Participants used a variety of frameworks to understand the objects and these shaped the qualities of the objects that they attended to. Participants’ words and actions could usefully be interpreted in terms of meaning rather than just social action and with reference to findings from cognitive research on perception and action.
Different Choices: A Public School Community’s Responses to School Choice Reforms
Authors: Potterton Amanda
Published: April 2021

In the United States, state and federal reforms increasingly encourage the expansion of school choice policies. Debates about school choice contrast various concepts of freedom and equality with concerns about equity, justice, achievement, democratic accountability, profiting management organizations, and racial and class segregation. Arizona’s “market”-based school choice programs include over 600 charter schools, and the state’s open enrollment practices, public and private school tax credit allowances, and Empowerment Scholarships, (closely related to vouchers), flourish. This qualitative analysis explores one district-run public school and its surrounding community, and I discuss socio-political and cultural tensions related to school choice reforms that exist within the larger community. This community experienced school changes, including demographic shifts, lowered test scores, failed overrides, and the opening of high-profile charter school organizations near the school.
Sociocultural Factors That Influence Migrant Students’ Academic Performance in an English Language Teaching Program: Voices from Abroad
Authors: Vanegas Rojas Marlon , Hoyos Giraldo Santiago , Martínez Espinel Edwar , Gómez Anaya Brayan
Published: April 2021

This qualitative research explains how sociocultural factors influence the academic performance of a group of migrant students enrolled in the English Language Teaching Program at Universidad Católica Luis Amigó. Three data collection techniques were implemented for the development of this project. First, a semi-structured interview with open-ended questions was conducted for each participant. Interviews were recorded and then transcribed for analysis purposes. Before the interview, participants were delivered a consent form and a biodata format to be filled. Second, six participants were invited to write a week-long narrative describing their experiences in the target cultural scenario. Third, a focus group was set up with five students selected at random out of the thirteen participants. Major results indicate that students who perceive a higher level of family support are more likely to achieve their academic goals. Besides, migrant students who report fewer difficulties to adjust to the host culture, have greater opportunities to succeed academically. In addition, migrant students’ previous academic experiences have an important impact on their adjustment process to the university context. This study concluded that migrant students’ academic performance is a dialogical and reciprocal relationship among different sociocultural factors.
Exploring Intersecting Program Elements in Longer-Term Concurrent Disorder Services for Adults: A Qualitative Evaluation
Authors: Turpin Aaron , Shier Micheal
Published: April 2021

Previous research highlights multiple factors that impact the attainment of client-identified recovery goals in substance misuse treatment programs. However, fewer studies examine how programs meet the broad range of needs expressed by clients through their intersecting elements of service delivery. This study seeks to develop an understanding of intersecting program and recovery elements in relation to an overall framework for programming, focusing on how overlapping elements of treatment ventured to support clients in multiple areas of their recovery. Qualitative interviews were conducted with clients (n=41) in three longer term substance use treatment programs, and data from interviews were analysed using analytic induction and constant comparison strategies to surface emergent themes. Data analysis yielded six main findings. These included: Education; Goal Setting; Routine and Stability; Spiritual Development; Exercise; and Transitional Planning. Respondents indicated that programs must focus on bolstering the development of each element across multiple treatment domains (such as group therapy and counselling) to best support clients in achieving recovery outcomes.
Rising Out of the Gap: Early Adolescent Black Males and Academic Success
Authors: Hackett Eartha , Ponterotto Joseph , Zusho Akane , Jackson Margo
Published: April 2021

This qualitative inquiry examined the lived experiences of 14 high-achieving, eighth-grade, Black males in three inner city middle schools. Anchored in a social constructivist paradigm, this study focused on factors that influence the educational experiences of early adolescent Black males. Participant selection was based on state test scores, GPA, and SES; data were collected by classroom observation and semi-structured interviews. Six themes and twenty-two subthemes related to factors which promote achievement and the meaning of achievement were found. Results show that high achieving students were motivated to excel, in part, by striving to counter negative assumptions about Black males. Participants faced many personal and contextual challenges, but they were able to identify individual and environmental resources that they used to fuel their drive for academic success.
The Functionality and Usability of Critical Approaches to Life Writing Methods in Qualitative Research: A Book Review
Authors: Majid Umair
Published: April 2021

In this book review, I examine the functionality and usability of Critical Approaches to Life Writing Methods in Qualitative Research by Mulvihill and Swaminathan by interrogating my own preconceptions of life writing and how they informed my purview. The authors of this book map out distinct life writing methods by building on seminal literary and scholarly work. Through their use of metaphors, theory, and frameworks, the authors paint each life writing method canvas in a way that is tangible and appropriate to both novice and seasoned investigators. By coalescing life writing with critical theory, the authors describe an important perspective on life writing, and how it may be integrated into the research process.
A Phenomenological Study of the Language Ideology, Language Management, and Language Practice in English-Medium Universities in Bangladesh: Lecturers’ and Students’ Voices
Authors: Sarker John Paul Shimanto , Karim Abdul , Kabilan Muhammad , Sultana Shahin
Published: April 2021

English Medium Instruction (EMI) is a commonly observed phenomenon in higher education (HE) in the countries where English is mandated as a second or foreign language. The globally conducted studies reported the prospect, practice, problems, and eventualities of EMI in HE. Numbering around 105, private universities in Bangladesh also adopted EMI. Being guided by Cooper (1989) and Spolsky (2009), this phenomenological study explored the language ideology of lecturers and students regarding the benefits of EMI, their remarks about the language management to achieve compatibility for adopting EMI, and their opinion concerning the implementation (language practice) of EMI in the classrooms of private universities in Bangladesh. We collected from eight participants (four students and four lecturers) who responded to the semi-structured interviews and classroom observations. The findings of the study suggested EMI does not observe full-fledged practice in the classrooms, as lecturers and students struggle to impart and receive knowledge due to their limited proficiency in the English language, although they did not deny the benefit of EMI to produce globally efficient workforces empowered with English language proficiency. This paper suggested the implementation of a bilingual curriculum in which instruction is delivered in English and Bangla to imparting a great deal of knowledge to the students. In the national language-in-education policy, Cognitive Communicative Academic Language Proficiency (CALP) should be prioritized over Basic Interpersonal Communication Skills (BICS) and Academic Language Learning Approach (CALLA) to enrich knowledge acquisition.
Perceived Stigma among Family Members of Persons Suffering from Mental Illness: A Narrative Exploration from West Bengal, India
Authors: Banerjee Bidisha , Dixit Shikha
Published: April 2021

In this paper, we report the findings of a qualitative study that, aims to understand the family members’ subjective experiences with perceived stigma of mental illness. The theoretical standpoint and the research method for the study employed are social constructivist theory and narrative inquiry respectively. We conducted semi-structured and in-depth interviews with family members and others accompanying patients to an outpatient unit of a psychiatric clinic. The professionals and the administrative staff at the clinic gave additional interviews. The constant comparative method was employed for the analysis of the narratives. The findings suggest the existence of perceived and direct stigma among family members. Family members shared their concerns relating to the disclosure of illness, its receptions, its interpretation by others, and the possible impact of the disclosure on the family. Professionals and staff at the clinic shared their perceptions regarding the manifestations of perceived stigma among families. In this study, we gathered an emic understanding of family stigma in the context of West Bengal, India. The findings are discussed in the context of current literature on stigma in India.
SISTEM MONITORING DAN PEREKAMAN KEHADIRAN MENGAJAR DOSEN BERBASIS RFId DAN DATABASE UNTUK PENINGKATAN MUTU PENGAJARAN
Authors: Hendra Yul , Nuryani Ely
Published: April 2021

In this study there are 3 topics of discussion, namely the problem of monitoring the teaching presence of lecturers, recording data on the use of the room into a database that can be accessed by an online application in realtime. The methodology used in this study is the prototype method which has the following stages: 1. Identification of needs, 2. Building Prototype, 3. Coding, 4. Testing and Evaluation of Prototype ,. The system is created using the application of Radio Frequency Identification (RFId) technology, the PHP programming language and MySQL as the software and database. RFId technology is used as an input device when lecturers enter using the RFId Card. The RFId Card is used by lecturers for attendance that will be automatically recorded into the database along with the room, day and hour data. This system can be accessed by users through a web-based application to facilitate the Academic Section, the Financial Section and the Head of the Study Program and the leadership to monitor and track the number of lecturers' teaching attendance in class. The result is a monitoring and recording system for teaching attendance based on RFId lecturers and this database helps the Academic Section, the Finance Section and the Head of the Study Program and the leadership in monitoring and overseeing lecturer attendance.
Assessment of Stigma-by-Association amongst Nurses Working in Mental Health Units
Authors: Almuzini Taghreed B. , Hamouda Ghada M. , Sharif Loujain S.
Published: April 2021

Context: Stigma-by-association affects not only people with mental health problems and psychiatric patients or their families but also nurses working in the mental health field. Stigma-by-association among nurses working in mental health units can lead to some nurses feeling ashamed and embarrassed when discussing their work.

Aim: To assess stigma-by-association amongst nurses working in mental health units.

Methods: Descriptive, cross-sectional design was utilized to achieve the aim of this study. The study was conducted at a governmental psychiatric and mental health hospital and two private general hospitals that were not specialized in psychiatric health but had mental health units in Jeddah City. A convenience sampling technique was implemented. The data were collected from 160 registered nurses working in mental health units. The study tools included the Clinician Associative Stigma Scale (CASS) used to measure stigma-by-association among nurses working in mental health units; it consists of 18 statements. Besides, two open-ended questions to measure suggestions and embarrassing situations of nurses working in mental health units about stigma-by- association.

Results: The result of the current study revealed that embarrassing situations occurred to nurses working in mental health units that have caused the stigma-by-association. Nurses in both hospitals display a moderate level of stigma by association with a mean percentage of 65.68% among nurses in the government hospital and 69.4% among nurses in the private hospital. The nurses have also suggested that families, patients, and society could be educated on mental illnesses and the role of mental health nurses.

Conclusions: This study concludes that the nurses working in mental health units in both government and private hospitals had a moderate stigma-by-association level. Stigma by association among nurses who work in mental health units has also been found to be related to age and years of experience. The study highlighted that psychiatry workshops could help nurses working in the mental health field. Future research is required to identify the causes of stigma-by-association among nurses working in mental health units in the kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Prioritization of resource allocation amid the COVID-19 outbreak response in Nigeria
Authors: Ilesanmi Olayinka Stephen , Akande Abayomi , Afolabi Aanuoluwapo Adeyimika
Published: April 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has revealed the massive shortcomings of health systems globally, particularly in Nigeria with weak healthcare infrastructure, high population, and chronic high morbidity and mortality from the double burden of infectious and non-infectious causes. Many routine and elective services were suspended or withdrawn, and existing delivery approaches adapted to the evolving COVID-19 pandemic across all the states in Nigeria. Preventive programs such as screening were completely suspended. The vaccination schedules were missed for many children due to the closure of the immunization clinics. Many Nigerian children being liable to infections, alongside a reduction in the possibility of child survival. Funds to manage the COVID-19 pandemic were donated from internal organizations and corporate agencies. However, the modalities involved in the disbursement of these funds were not publicly revealed by the Nigerian government. Therefore, we recommend optimal allocation of inadequate health resources in ways that maximize health care delivery benefits to the greatest number of people, give priority to the worst off, ensure equality and promote continued care provision for non-COVID-19 conditions, including pregnancy and chronic conditions. To ensure the improved trust of Nigerians and donor agencies and organizations, accountability on all funds should be ensured by the Nigerian government. For this cause, such funds should be committed into the hands of trustworthy and expert finance managers and infectious disease experts.
Challenges experienced by post coronary artery bypass grafting patients: A qualitative study from Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Authors: Israr Ahmad  , Sardar Ali  , Nasreen Ghani  , Asmat Shaheen
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Objective: To explore the experiences of post-coronary artery bypass grafting patients in Pakistan.
Method: The qualitative, descriptive, phenomenological study was conducted at the Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan, from May 2018 to April 2019, and comprised patients having undergone coronary artery bypass grafting. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews that included probing questions. Codes, categories and themes were framed through extensive thematic analysis.
Results: Of the 14 patients, 11(78.6%) were males with a mean age of 51 years, and 3(21.4%) were females with a mean age of 63 years. Four main themes were generated; challenges, perceptions about coronary artery bypass grafting, coping with the challenges, and perceptions about nurses and doctors. The subjects were of the view that they were affected with certain types of physical, psychological and financial challenges. These encounters affected the patients post-procedure in almost every aspect of their lives and made it difficult for them to carry out activities on a daily basis. Further, coping strategies varied on from individual to individual.
Conclusion: Patients after coronary artery bypass grafting were found to encounter issues related to physical, psychological and social spheres. Care for such patients must be planned in a way to avoid such challenges.
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Case report of a female child with right nasal chondromyxoid fibroma
Authors: Zeba Ahmed  , Asra Waseem  , Javeria Munir  , Farhan Ali  , Hussaina Shabbir  , Faiza Rasheed
Published: April 2021

Chondromyxoid fibroma; a rarely found tumor, contributing <1% of all primary bone neoplasm. We reported a 4-year female child with a 1-year history of nasal obstruction and facial swelling. Large enhanced lesion with amorphous densities spreading into the right cribriform plate and floor of sphenoid sinus, laterallyinto right lamina papyracea, inferolaterally into medial wall of maxillary sinus, posteriorly into nasopharynx and superior aspect of oropharynx was appreciated in CT scan. Mass was excised by Caldwell Luc’s endoscopic medial maxillectomy via the sublabial approach. CMF was confirmed histologically in post-operative biopsy.
Keywords: Chondromyxoid fibroma, benign neoplasm, lamina paprycea.
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