bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Social inclusion within community youth programming: an exploration of the experiences of first and second generation youth within mainstream, multicultural and ethno-specific organizations
Authors: Graff Marleah Beth Eriksson
Published: May 2021

This study explores the experiences of first and second generation immigrant youth within community youth programming in mainstream, multicultural and ethno-specific organizations. Through interviews with nine youth and three youth program staff this study reveals how youth view the community based programming they attend as well as how their experiences reflect social inclusion or exclusion. Young people's positive experiences are that youth programs are spaces that generate positive feelings, contribute to growth, assist in developing meaningful relationships and connect youth to their community. However, youth also disclose experiences which negatively impact their inclusion in youth programming. Using a lens of social inclusion, this study demonstrates the central role of community youth programming in creating socially inclusive or exclusive environments. These young people's recommendations for change provide solutions for making community youth programs more inclusive.
A study of the applications of a spring-assisted modular and reconfigurable robot for safe robot operation
Authors: Patel Harshita
Published: May 2021

A novel spring-assisted modular and reconfigurable robot (SA-MRR) has been recently developed at our laboratory to reinforce its performance, and to enable safe and dexterous operations in human environments. A power spring is inserted between the brake rotor and the motor shaft through a decoupling bearing. With the spring engaged, the working range of the joint is mechanically limited for safe operations, and such a limited working range can be established at any joint position. The safety aspect of the SA-MRR is investigated by operating the robot in a
limited workspace created by activating the spring. The trajectory tracking capability of the SA-MRR is explored by comparing trajectories followed by a conventional MRR and SA-MRR in a restricted workspace, while lifting a heavy payload. Trajectory tracking is performed with various payloads to demonstrate the SA-MRR’s superior payload handling capacity performance due to addition of the spring-generated moment. These algorithms have been implemented on a 3-DOF SA-MRR and numerical simulations have been carried out to investigate the improved tracking accuracy and safety features due to addition of the spring-brake system.
Acquisition and Tracking Strategies for Satellite to Ground Optical Communication Systems
Authors: Liu Nicole
Published: May 2021

Optical wireless communication (OWC) offers a promising alternative to radio frequency (RF) based communication because it can support the increased demand for bandwidth in modern networks. This thesis examined three strategies that could be implemented to improve or simplify the design of a ground and satellite optical communication link. The acquisition of a laser beam emitted from a space orbiting satellite was examined. Atmospheric conditions and how they affect beam refraction was modeled using beam geometry and the refractive properties of air. Simulation results indicate that a beam with a large zenith angle is refracted to a higher degree than a beam with a smaller zenith angle. Beam refraction of an emitted beam with zenith angles of 61º and 82º reached the Earth surface with a peak power of 1179 photons/bit and 305 photons/bit respectively. Initial orbit estimation methods were examined, and it was found that Gauss’ Angles Only method was able to predict the azimuth and elevation of a target satellite with an average error of 6.38e−1. Which were positive results, and indicated that the Gauss method would be useful for initial orbit determination of an emitting satellite. Finally, a Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) state estimator was designed to evaluate whether the use of a Kalman filter is suitable for orbit determination when only using the angular observations that are available at an optical groundstation. Results indicated that when measurement errors of ±0.3 degrees were introduced into the system, position error state estimates reached a maximum of 6.9 km and 0.013 km/s. When the EKF was given smaller measurement errors of ±0.1 degrees, the errors in the state estimates were found to be a maximum of 1.4 km and 0.002 km/s. The results from the simulation for the state estimator indicated that an EKF can be applied to track the motion of a target satellite
Data migration: relational RDBMS to non-relational NoSQL
Authors: Alam Feroz
Published: May 2021

As a part of achieving specific targets, business decision making involves processing and analyzing large volumes of data that leads to growing enterprise databases day by day. Considering the size and complexity of the databases used in today’s enterprises, it is a major challenge for enterprises to re-engineering their applications that can handle large amounts of data. Compared to traditional relational databases, non-relational NoSQL databases are better suited for dynamic provisioning, horizontal scaling, significant performance, distributed architecture and developer agility benefits. Based on the concept of Object Relational Mapping (ORM) and traditional ETL data migration technique this thesis proposes a methodology for migrating data from RDBMS to NoSQL. The performance of the proposed solution is evaluated through a comparative analysis of RDBMS and NoSQL implementations based on query performance evaluation, query structure and developmental agility.
Hybrid social condenser tower
Authors: Miles Brad
Published: May 2021

Toronto’s response to sprawl - and associated transportation issues is to hyper-intensify its core with high-rise condominium development in order to bring people closer to where they work. This intensification has brought new associated problems with the condominium tower which are: its tendency to interact with the city only at grade, creating vertical ‘gated communities’; the reliance upon a single unit type, overwhelming at-grade amenities; and the lack of programmatic and economic diversity for reinforcing urbanity. Towers in dense cities such as New York or Hong Kong have embraced pluralism and hybridity to combat segregation. Hybrid Social Condenser Tower is a critique of the condominium tower and a response to the context of urban infill tower development in downtown Toronto. The tower blends ground and roof by having a continuous circulation that moves up the building, connecting and juxtaposing program by interstitial spaces. This tower has been strategically located to provide urban amenities to a context that is lacking them and by doing so it attracts flux of users from both horizontal and vertical directions.
Feminist media products: alternative voices, participatory spaces
Authors: Rousseau Paulina M.
Published: May 2021

Due to its general distrust of the mainstream counterpart, the Feminist Movement has a long
history of creating media products in order to educate, mobilize, and coordinate its actions. The
Feminist Media Products (FMPs) continue to exist and thrive in the digital age. This paper
examines how FMPs fit into existing models of alternative media framed within Atkinson’s three
definitions of alternative media, (2011) and Lievrouw’s Genre Framework for alternative and
activist media (2011), and showcases how online platforms function as participatory spaces for
their users, as outlined by Jensen et al. (2006). A content analysis of 50 FMPs found that FMPs
fit into models of alternative media, with some variations. In the case of Atkinson who states the
content is what makes media alternative, the findings argue that it is rather the perspective with
which the content is presented that makes it alternative. In the case of Lievrouw, the findings
show that FMPs are far more permanent rather than ephemeral. It was also found that online
platforms have allowed for the creation of participatory spaces, and that the founders of FMPs
prioritize this as a goal.
Fatigue response of aircraft wing root joints under limit cycle oscillations
Authors: Yousefirad Behzad
Published: May 2021

When wing root attachments are subject to cyclic loading during a flight, slipbands are produced by fatique. The density of these slipbands increases with the advancing of the fatigue process and initial cracks appear within the persistent slipbands. This project investigates the fatigue response of a titanium alloy wing root joint under different loading spectra during limit-cycle oscillations by the strain-life approach. Although wing root attachments are designed such that the nominal loads remain elastic, stress concentrations often cause plastic strains to develop in the vincinity of notches. Subsequently, wing loads caused by limit-cycle oscillations lead to fatique damage accumulation. This project's results lead to the conclusion that cyclic loading during limit-cycle oscillations can cause fatigue damage in wing root joints. Tensile mean stress is detrimental to the fatique life of wing root joints, while compressive mean stress is beneficial.
Municipal progress in conformity to Greenbelt legislation : challenges in implementation and to Greenbelt integrity
Authors: Moszynski Dorothy
Published: May 2021

Objective: To examine the progress of municipal conformity to Ontario Greenbelt legislation. One planner from each region and municipality within Greenbelt boundaries were interviewed, GIS displays were created, and Official Plans analyzed to examine the extent of conformity to the Greenbelt Plan, strength of policies, and plans for expansion. Results: Municipalities are generally supportive of Greenbelt goals; and are willing to conform at least at an official level. Future threats will therefore come from decisions on individual development applications and proposed expansions. Official Plans varied widely in level of conformity: some had general enthusiasm while others appear unwilling to preserve Greenbelt boundaries. Issues identified include process, implentation and integrity issues such as agricultural viability; environmental protection; urban boundary expansions; infrastructure and highway expansions and extensions; protection of lands outside the Greenbelt; mineral aggregate policies; housing affordability; political backing and public perception; and regional coordination issues.
The Parent and Grandparent Sponsorship Program Reforms : The Consequence of a Neoliberal Shift
Authors: Franklin Devon
Published: May 2021

Since the formal enshrinement of Canada’s immigration objectives in the Immigration Act of 1976, Citizenship and Immigration Canada has been tasked with the responsibility of balancing the demands of the labour market and reuniting immigrant families. Policy changes in the 1990s suggest that neoliberal ideology, which promotes market economy principles, has become increasingly influential in the shaping of Canadian social policies and practices, and has had significant implications for immigration policy and admission trends (Arat-Koc, 1999). The prominence of neoliberal logic in immigration policy has resulted in the framing of immigrant value in terms of economic contributions. As a result, Family Class admissions have been the target of criticism, particularly sponsored parents and grandparents, who are absolved of meeting the point system criteria and are therefore perceived as having little ability to contribute to the economy (McLaren & Black, 2005). This paper explores the extent to which recent reforms to the parent and grandparent sponsorship program are a reflection of, and maintain, the prevailing neoliberal discourse that subordinates Family Class immigrants, especially parents and grandparents, conceiving of them as burdens to the state as opposed to contributing Economic Class entrants. This economic framework provides an incomplete picture of the contributions that sponsored parents and grandparents make to Canada. Furthermore, the insufficiency of empirical data supporting the claim that parents and grandparents are a potential burden on the state suggests that the recent reforms are an explicit expression of fear rather than fact (VanderPlaat, Ramos & Yoshida, 2011). This paper concludes with future research suggestions that lend themselves to redefining “contribution” to incorporate social, cultural, and indirect economic contributions, to provide a more nuanced conception of the value of sponsored parents and grandparents.
Performance Analysis Of VSF-OFCDM Femtocells
Authors: Hussain Fatima
Published: May 2021

In this thesis, we analyze the performance of a variable spreading factor (VSF) OFCDM employed in femtocells, with OFDM used in macrocells in a hybrid heterogenous network. Orthogonal subcarriers are assigned to macro users and for femtocell users, non-contiguous subcarrier grouping is employed. We derive the analytic expression of the BER for uplink VSF-OFCDM femto and OFDM macro users for the case of maximal ratio combining receiver. We evaluate the performance of femto/macro users in VSF-OFCDM system through numerical and Monte Carlo simulation studies. Improvement in BER of the femtocell users is also noted. The relationship between the femto spreading factor and femto/macro BER is analyzed. We present, the relationship between the channel load and optimum spreading factor employed by femtocell users for the energy efficient performance of macro users. Femto wall penetration loss, that is the important parameter to evaluate the femto performance, is also taken into account. Also, effect of femto wall penetration on macro BER is evaluated for various spreading factors.

Following our study, we find that interference-limited system favors increased time spreading especially when number of subcarriers is limited and noise-limited system favors increased frequency domain spreading. When large number of subcarriers are available, optimum spreading (from macro perspective) favors increased frequency domain spreading regardless of the femto-macro loads, or whether operating environment is noise or interference limited. Once the optimum spreading factor is determined, increase or decrease in the femto Eb/No does not matter. Also, femto wall penetration factor not only effects the femto BER directly, but also reduce the potential interference faced by macro user equipment (UEs). As a result macro BER is improved, but the choice of optimal spreading factor for macro UEs remain unaffected with the variation in femto wall penetration loss.
Using electrical resistance tomography (ERT) and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to study the mixing of pseudoplastic fluids with a SCABA 6SRGT impeller
Authors: Pakzad Leila
Published: May 2021

The objective of this work is to use electrical resistance tomography (ERT) and computational fluid dynamic (CFD) modeling to investigate the flow field generated by a Scaba 6SRGT impeller in the agitation of the xanthan solution, as a pseudoplastic fluid with yield stress. ERT provides a non-destructive technique to measure, in three dimensions, the concentration fields inside the mixing tanks. Using ERT, the impeller flow pattern, the dimensions of the cavern formed and the mixing time in the agitation of xanthan solutions were evaluated. The sizes of cavern measured using ERT were in good agreement with that calculated using Elson's model (cylindrical model). ERT provides both overall mixing time using 1264 probes (316 probes for each plan) and local mixing time using 4 selected probes or pixels. The dimensionless mixing times obtained from ERT were correlated well with the Moo-Young correlation, confirming that increased impeller speeds decreases the mixing times. The 3D flow field generated by a Scaba 6SRGT impeller and tracer homogenization in the agitation of xanthan gum were also simulated using the commercial CFD package (FLUENT). The experimental torque measurements were used to validate the numerical simulations. The validated CFD model provided useful information regarding the impeller pumping capacity and flow pattern, the velocity profiles, the formation of cavern around the impeller, and the mixing time. CFD results show good qualitative as well as quantitative agreement with the experimental results and theory. The sizes of cavern measure using CFD were in good agreement with that calculated using Elson's model. The local mixing times predicted from CFD simulations agreed well with literature in a way that mixing times varied inversely with the cube root of the power consumed per unit volume of the solution. CFD under predicted the local mixing times measured using ERT by 11-47%.
Computational aero acoustics analysis of an aircraft climate control system
Authors: Yokota Jeffrey
Published: May 2021

With a higher standard of living and education, engineers are paying more attention on how the surrounding environment affects the public's comfort. Aircraft cabin noise is one of the main concerns for most airlines with surveys done to understand what customers feel and research to understand how noise can be modeled with state-of-the-art aero acoustic theories. In this work, computational aero acoustics was performed to simulate flow through a duct with an orifice plate as part of an aircraft environmental control system and to compare the results with experimental data. Experimental results of a low velocity flow with large orifice demonstrated better agreement than a high velocity flow with a small orifice plate. The numerical solution and experimental results were found to agree within 10% for broadband noise. Further research is required for better computational results for flow through a small orifice plate.
The Implementation and Communication of Source Reduction Policy and Initiatives by United States Federal, State, and Local Environmental Agencies
Authors: Parson Jessica L.
Published: May 2021

Source reduction is ranked by the United States Environmental Protection Agency as the preferred resource management practice; however, current source reduction efforts in the US are overshadowed by other waste management practices. It was theorized that the source of disparity might be (1) unequal implementation priorities on a Federal, state, or local level, or (2) insufficient communication between environmental agencies and stakeholders. A panel of ten Federal, state, and local waste management officials participated in a modified Delphi survey exploring the issues surrounding source reduction policy implementation and communication. The study resulted in a focused discussion of the value of source reduction and the challenges environmental agencies face in implementing source reduction polices. The study concludes that while the value of source reduction is not debated, there are several barriers to implementing these policies in the US, including questions of authority, lack of consistent leadership, implementation cost, and developing effective communications.
Creating the self: the intersubjective nature of experience, self-development, and the phenomenon of play
Authors: Blackwell Jessica A.
Published: May 2021

The purpose of this project is to present a phenomenological account of the role of play in early self-development. Using the writings of Merleau-Ponty, Sartre, Winnicott, Laing, Beauvoir, and a selection of modern psychologists, this project argues that play is an essential component of childhood self-development. Starting with the claim that all human experience is inherently intersubjective, this project argues that other people play a crucial role in shaping our sense of self and who we become. From the moment we are born, other people play a critical and constant role in shaping our perception of who we are and who we can become. It is argued that play, like linguistic communication, is itself a necessarily intersubjective phenomenon, and that authentic acts of play are essentially a matter of the child learning about the nature of reality and other people, and of striving to make sense of these things while simultaneously working on creating the self.
Adaptive digital predistortion to linearize nonlinear distortion in radio-over-fiber links
Authors: Moon Hyunsuk
Published: May 2021

The application of Radio-Over-Fiber (ROF) links are widely used in wireless communications. However, due to the nonlinear characteristics of the link distortion will be introduced as the output of the link. As a result, unwanted frequencies and signals end up being delivered by an antenna. In the thesis, a technique of adaptive digital predistortion is presented. This complex gain predistortion technique requires that no detailed knowledge of the link characteristics and supports tracking of the modifications and drifts in the link characteristic. A prototype of this predistortion system is designed and implemented on a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). Experiment results show that amplitude and phase nonlinearity of the ROF link are compensated with the system. The experiments demonstrated that this system show promising results and that good compensation of distortion is achieved.
Three-Dimensional Modeling of the Rotation Effect on the Growth of Ge₁₋ˣSiˣ, by the Traveling Solvent Method
Authors: Makriyannis Theodore Jason
Published: May 2021

The travelling solvent method known as TSM is a process used to produce pure and homogeneous crystals. The TSM process has been tested on many alloys producing uniform and uncontaminated crystal products. A three-dimensional numerical simulation for the growth of Ge1-xSix by the travelling solvent method under axial rotation has been modelled. In this model a mesh sensitivity analysis has been carried out to find an optimum mesh which provides accurate results while saving computational time, The full Navier-Stokes equations together with the energy, mass transport and continuity equations were solved numerically using the finite element technique. The application of crucible rotation to the travelling solvent method is an attempt to control the buoyancy induced convection throughout the melt and to suppress the three-dimensional characteristics of unsteady heat flow. The application of different rotational speeds on the solvent has also been investigated. These different speeds of rotation were shown to have a considerable effect on the buoyancy induced flow. The solute distribution throughout the melt was also affected substantially. Taking these two factors into account plays a crucial role in the crystal growth process. The speed of rotation was found to have a significant effect on the intensity of the convective flow in the melt and an optimal rotational speed was encountered.
Is a partnership possible? : a comparison of elementary teachers' and early childhood educators' perceptions of disability and inclusion
Authors: Thornton Colleen
Published: May 2021

Education literature presents diverse perceptions of disability and inclusion by educators and scholars. Past research has shown that educators' beliefs influence their practice. The Full-Day Early Learning Program will commence in Ontario schools in September 2010, which will involve teacher and early childhood educator teaching teams. This qualitative research study presents two elementary teachers' and two early childhood educators' perceptions of disability and inclusion. Using a grounded theory strategy of inquiry, two interviews were conducted with each participant. A poststructural lens was used to analyze and interpret data. Key findings show distinct understandings of disability and inclusion between the two educator groups, which relate to their pedagogical beliefs and views of the purpose of education. This study draws on attribution theory and a social relational model of disability to explore the implications of participants' perceptions for children's education. Recommendations for future research and practice and identified and briefly explored.
Trim Solutions of Multirotor Vehicles using a Fast Performance Prediction Method
Authors: Tsaltas Julia D.
Published: May 2021

A fast multirotor performance prediction method is presented. The method uses an algorithm to determine the flight performance and trim solutions of multirotor vehicles in steady, level flight. The method considers parasitic drag, force trim, fuselage interference, rotor interference, moment trim, and power prediction. In order to validate the method, vehicle lift, drag, and pitching moment predictions are compared to experimental data from NASA Ames for the 3DR Solo, a commercially available vehicle. The performance comparison with wind tunnel data show similar lift, drag and pitching moment trends when using estimated rotor and vehicle geometries. In addition, the predicted rotor speeds, vehicle power, and vehicle pitch are compared to flight test data of the Aeryon SkyRanger. The lead and rear rotor speed results show that the application of moment trim into the performance model provides rotor speed estimates that reflect the differential rotor speeds the flight test. An orientation study is conducted to explore the effects of rotor and fuselage interference velocities on rotor performance and the performance differences of a four-rotor vehicle flying in diamond and square configurations. Finally, a mass offset study is presented to predict the changes in rotor speed distribution of a SkyRanger vehicle when a 100 g mass is added to the support arm, which simulates asymmetry in centre of gravity location. The predicted performance results show overlapping results with flight testing with and without the mass offset at airspeeds below 5 m/s. At higher airspeeds, the rotor speed predictions that are established by moment trim requirements reflect the rotor speed trends shown from flight test data.
Design and development of the Hyperloop Deployable wheel system
Authors: Klim Graeme P.A.
Published: May 2021

In 2013 Elon Musk inspired engineers and entrepreneurs with his idea for a 5th mode of transportation: the Hyperloop. Using large near-vacuum tubes as a medium, Musk envisioned sending humans and cargo in levitating pods from Los Angeles to San Francisco California in 35 minutes or less. Consisting of multiple subsystems, these pods would use magnetic or air-bearing technology for primary levitation to accommodate speeds approaching 700 mph. To address Musk’s call for a traditional deployable wheel system to provide added safety and low-speed mobility for the pods, a patent-pending Hyperloop Deployable Wheel System (HDWS) was developed. This report details the author’s contribution to the design and development of the award-winning HDWS and examines the constraints and limitations imposed by the Hyperloop concept: small operational space, near-vacuum low-pressure conditions, high-speed use and smooth ride requirements.
Fabrication of Nanofibers Reinforced Polymer Microstructures Using Femtosecond Laser Material Processing
Authors: Alubaidy Mohammed-Amin
Published: May 2021

Fabrication Of Nanofibers Reinforced Polymer Microstructures Using Femtosecond Laser Material Processing
The role of animal-assisted interventions in anti-oppressive social work practice.
Authors: Legge Melissa Marie
Published: May 2021

This study explores the role that animal-assisted interventions (AAI) can play in antioppressive social work practice. A review of relevant literature has shows that while AAI have been demonstrated over time to have many benefits for service users, these types of interventions remain neglected by social work scholarship, and the relationship between AAI and antioppressive practice (AOP) has yet to be explored through research. Engaging a critical, AOP, and ecofeminist approach, this study uses qualitative methodology to explore the research question, “What role can animal-assisted interventions play in anti-oppressive social work practice?” Ultimately, this study confirms that AAI practitioners have found their approaches to be congruent with an anti-oppressive approach to social work practice. Data and themes which support this finding, as well as implications for the field of social work and recommendations for future research, are explored.
A critical analysis of the deep geologic repository siting process in Ontario
Authors: Ahmad Anam
Published: May 2021

This research paper is a case study of OPG’s siting process for a low and intermediate level radioactive waste facility. The chosen site is in Kincardine, Ontario, where nuclear waste is currently stored above ground. The Town of Kincardine is in support of the project; however, several individuals and organizations are actively opposing the facility. The objective of this paper is to understand why the facility is facing so much opposition, what steps could have been taken to prevent it and how to proceed with the project plan. An inductive analysis of qualitative data was performed using explanation building and pattern matching. Lessons were drawn from cooperative siting guidelines specific to nuclear waste repositories in Ontario. The conclusion was drawn that omission of extensive public consultation in the siting process resulted in significant public opposition. Increasing community involvement when moving forward with the project may assist in reducing public opposition.
Pathways to permanency: citizenship and the temporary foreign worker program in Canada
Authors: Austin Carly
Published: May 2021

The Canadian temporary foreign worker program (TFWP) has grown exponentially in recent years and Canada now accepts more temporary residents than permanent residents on a yearly basis. Employers are increasingly becoming reliant on foreign labour to maintain their competitive advantage in a global market while failing to address exploitation issues. This study will examine modern notions of citizenship based on the principle of jus domicile, applying it to the TFWP in Canada. I argue that jus domicile can be used as a legal basis for long-term policies toward pathways to optional permanency. This study will present a forward looking approach to the Canadian TFWP by providing long-term policy recommendations, by taking into consideration current policies at the federal and provincial levels, and by examining ways in which the Canadian labour market can permanently incorporate TFW’s.
When the "Oohs" are Painful, Not Pleasurable: An Investigation of Anodyspareunia Among Gay, Bisexual, and Queer Men
Authors: Stratton Natalie L.
Published: May 2021

Recurrent and severe pain during receptive anal penetration, also known as anodyspareunia, is common among gay and bisexual men with prevalence rates ranging from 12.5% to 18%. Despite high prevalence, this is the first study to assess diagnostic criteria for Genito-Pelvic Pain/Penetration Disorder (GPPPD) among gay, bisexual, and queer (GBQ) men, and the first to systematically explore symptom and biopsychosocial profiles, test a cognitive-behavioural (CBT) model of maintaining factors, and explore the treatment barriers among GBM with anodyspaurenia. Overall, 369 Canadian GBM (Mage = 31.26, SDage = 10.85) with and without recurrent and severe pain during receptive anal penetration completed an online self-report
questionnaire package. Study hypotheses were examined using descriptive statistics, Kruskal-Wallis H tests, analyses of variances, latent class analyses, structural equation modelling, and chi goodness of fit tests. Almost half of the sample (47.2%) met full criteria for GPPPD, 31.0% met no criteria, and 21.8% met criteria, but reported no distress or interference. Pain at the entrance of the anus, experienced at the moment of penetration, and persisting for five minutes or less was common across groups, whereas pain located inside the anal canal and rectum, experiencing pain during thrusting, and pain persisting for more than five minutes differentiated between GBM with and without a GPPPD diagnosis. GBM with GPPPD reported significantly greater pain catastrophizing, pain-related cognitive and somatic anxiety, pain-related fear, prostate and rectal conditions, and heterosexist harassment, rejection, and discrimination than the other two groups. The fear-avoidance model of sexual pain was partially among GBM with GPPPD. Commonly reported barriers by GBM with GPPPD who did not consult with a health care professional included unhelpful beliefs, shame, and embarrassment. GBM with GPPPD who sought treatment most often reported consulting with a general practitioner. The high proportion of GBM who met full criteria for GPPPD highlights the need for effective interventions and further research regarding anodyspareunia among this population. Implications of the study findings for assessment, diagnosis, treatment, and knowledge transfer and exchange are discussed.
Identifying Mental Health Initiatives for Independently Funded Christian Elementary Schools in Ontario
Authors: Kloet Margaret
Published: May 2021

This study seeks to understand the use of mental health strategies within independently funded Christian elementary Schools (IFCES), while considering how research literature identifies the implementation of mental health strategies in publicly funded elementary schools. There is a major research gap for IFCES in this area. This study used a qualitative approach via structured interviews to gather data reflecting how IFCES provide mental health supports. A wide variety of programming and supports within the schools (both IFECS and publicly funded) were identified during the research process. While the tiered system of support has been strongly considered in research literature (Sanchez, Cornacchio, Poznanski, Golik, Chou, & Comer, 2018), the IFECS sector did not intentionally use this framework as a support to implement a mental health plan. This study identified that IFECS are gaining momentum in mental health programming and would benefit further from utilizing a framework to address their growing mental health needs.
Speed sensorless control of 3-phase induction motor using MRAS speed estimator
Authors: Ma Chaozheng
Published: May 2021

This project investigates the application of model reference adaptive system (MRAS) for the speed sensorless control of an induction motor. The rotor speed can be accurately estimated by employing the closed-loop observer named reactive MRAS. Therefore, this observer eliminates the need of a speed sensor for the control of the motor speed. The method is robust to stator and rotor resistance variations due to change of temperature. The dynamic system equations of the induction machines are formulated, and the motor control system performance is studied. Both scalar voltage-to-frequency (V/f) control and vector field oriented control (FOC) schemes, implemented using digital signal processor (DSP), are investigated. The design of the speed sensorless DSP-based controller is completed. Software packages have been developed to implement the design. An experimental system using the proposed controller has been built. Various tests have been conducted to verify the technical feasibility of the control technique. The experimental results confirm the feasibility of the proposed speed sensorless V/f control scheme using MRAS speed estimator. The designed V/f profile has been tested. Even with step change of the load or that of the command speed, the system can achieve the correct steady state after a short transient operation. The experimental results also confirm the feasibility of the proposed speed sensorless FOC control scheme using MRAS speed estimator. The current regulators meet the design requirements. Both the flux-producing current component and the torque-producing current component can be controlled separately. In the implementation, digital signal processor (DSP) TMS320 FL2407 and voltage source inverter (VSI) Skiip 342GD120-316CTV are employed. The modular strategy is adopted to develop the software package.
Tracing the occupational integration of internationally trained medical doctors of African descent
Authors: Belice Daniela S.
Published: May 2021

While Canadian schools are not producing enough medical doctors there is a surplus of immigrant medical doctors who are well equipped and eager to practice. Internationally trained medical doctors have increasingly experience difficulties in finding jobs that reflects their medical training and expertise. This research investigates the occupational integration of internationally trained medical doctors of African descent. Using snowball sampling and convenience sampling methods I interviewed 12 participants. Their experiences show why many internationally trained medical doctors end up in other fields after they try to practice medicine in Canada. Participants most often noted issues of lack of knowledge about the process, limited residency positions, lack of requirement consistency and lack of guidance. This study is expected to add to our understanding of internationally trained immigrant doctors’ path to successful or different medical occupation and the effectiveness of policies and practices that aim to help these professionals.

Key words: internationally trained medical doctors; occupational integration; employment; African and Caribbean immigrants in Ontario.
Canadian citizenship in evolution: exploring six Canadian citizenship guidebooks from 1946-2012
Authors: Anklesaria Sonya
Published: May 2021

Six educational guidebooks on the rights and responsibilities of Canadian citizenship for new immigrants have existed for approximately six decades, arriving alongside the first Citizenship Act in 1947. These guidebooks have been circulated by the Canadian government in the hopes of educating immigrants unfamiliar with Canadian culture and democracy as adopted from Great Britain. By understanding democratic theory and its relationship to citizenship education, this paper explores four themes (how various governments have viewed the terms and conditions of becoming a citizen, the “vision” of Canada presented in the various guides, the rights and responsibilities of citizenship, and what the guidebooks imply about social inclusion and the integration of new Canadians) within each successive guidebook in order to analyse how different governments over the years have prepared newcomers for citizenship in Canada, and what constitutes successful integration. By exploring the various themes of each guidebook, this paper finds that government-sponsored citizenship guidebooks are products of both domestic and international socio-political atmospheres, whose goal is to present to newcomers citizenship education, as well as a vision of Canada that reflects partisan attitudes toward various public policies.
Investigation of thermodiffusion phenomenon under influence of vibration using image processing approach
Authors: Kianian Armin
Published: May 2021

Thermodiffusion is the appearance of concentration gradient in a mixture when subjected to a temperature gradient. Thermodiffusion or Soret effect plays an important role in the underground reservoir distribution. Consequently, a majority of petroleum research is focused on understanding this phenomenon. There are may experimental measurements of thermodiffusion. However, measurements conducted in a microgravity environment minimize the effect of gravity and leads to accurate results.
This study demonstrates the influence of vibration on thermodiffusion measurement in a microgravity environment. The aim is to show how the variation of certain parameters such as the frequency and amplitude of translational vibration as well as the temperature would impact the composition of components in the mixture of Water-Isopropanol.
The Fast Fourier Transform image processing technique is used to analyse the data obtained from optical digital interferometry. Moreover, two sets of experimental runs with negative and positive Soret coefficients are tested.
The analysis shows the maximum separation of components for the case without any forced vibration. Furthermore, it is shown the increase in Rayleigh number corresponds to decrease in separation of components.
Resurrecting the body: affect and agency in Artaud's theatre of cruelty, contemporary performance and immersive virtual space
Authors: Malik Sabrina
Published: May 2021

I am interested in exploring Brown's conception of a resurrection of the body through creative transgressions and Sontag's notion of an erotics of art. Beginning with Antonin Artaud's conceptualization of a "theatre of cruelty", I propose to examine artistic embodiments of transgression and erotics in the works of performance artists such as
Karen Finley and Vito Acconci, as well as in the virtual art of Char Davies. Transgression and erotics in popular culture will be explored through the performance style of Jim Morrison and The Doors. Using Nietzsche and Brown's discussions of the Apollonian and Dionysian conditions or states of artistic consciousness, I argue that a
return to the senses or to the romanticist notion of the "deep interior" is required in order for the process of social healing and unification to begin -- Pages 2-3.
Visualizing violence: representations of the female body and female trauma in Nina Bunjevac’s Bezimena
Authors: Sordjan Anna Maria
Published: May 2021

[Introduction]: "What does it mean to be nameless? This is the question that lingers throughout Nina Bunjevac’s graphic narrative Bezimena(2019). To be without a name is, in large part, to exist without identity, agency, or power. The process of naming is a political one, bound by power dynamics and structures. The paratext of Bezimena plays a vital role in this comic. In the Author’s Afterword, Bunjevac dedicates the graphic narrative “to all forgotten and nameless victims of sexual violence” (Bunjevac 2019). This positions the graphic narrative as one directly confronting the violence of sexual trauma and a traumatic past. In fact, one of the nameless victims at the center of the story is Bunjevac herself."
Applications of Variable Acoustics
Authors: Khorasani Paria Esmaeil
Published: May 2021

This research investigates the use of variable acoustics and active acoustics system to improve the acoustics of the Paul H. Cocker Architecture Gallery at Ryerson University. These modifications can help the gallery become a multifunctional space in regards to acoustical characteristics of the room. Variation in acoustical response of a room requires use of different devices and material to change the reverberation and articulation time conveniently. Acoustical measurements were done in multiple locations at four multi-use auditoria with different variable acoustics features. These auditoria are Roy Thompson hall, Koerner Hall, Glenn Gould Studio and LiveLab at McMaster University. These case studies are used to better understand the acoustical responses of the auditoria with different configurations and use the data for the acoustical improvements of the Paul H. Cocker Architecture Gallery. After these evaluations were performed, results show that the acoustical poster board panels can be used to change the reverberation time of the Gallery based on the different uses.

Keyword: acoustics, variable acoustics, reverberation time, active acoustics system, passive acoustics systems
Shifting gears: the impact of extracurricular exposure on girls' attitudes towards engineering
Authors: Makin Miri
Published: May 2021

This paper explores the impact of Ryerson’s WEMADEIT Youth Think Tank (YTT) on participating girls’ understanding of and attitudes toward engineering. According to recent research, most teens openly admit that they are not familiar with the specifics of a job in engineering (Intel, 2011), typically associating the field of engineering with independent work and a math and science focus; however, the Canadian Engineering Accreditation Board (CEAB) emphasizes teamwork, socially-conscious thinking and entrepreneurship. Existing professional engineering organizations, including Engineers Without Borders (EWB), are also working to introduce the broader concept of the “Global Engineer” – a socially and ethically conscious, teamwork-driven, creative engineer. These recent trends in engineering reveal a disparity between public perception of engineering and the realities of the industry. The WEMADEIT project was formed in order to increase girls’ interest in and exposure to engineering in three ways: by creating a brand that correlates with new trends in engineering; by getting girls involved through an in-person Youth Think Tank (YTT); and by creating a new website (WEMADEIT.ca). Through interviews with five YTT participants, as well as an analysis of the content participants produced for the WEMADEIT website, this paper traces the journeys of a purposive sample of five teenage girls who have participated in the YTT. The researcher’s autoethnographic insights as the daughter of a female engineer further enrich the paper’s analysis and discussion. The findings suggest that exposure to engineering through the YTT generated greater interest in engineering and stronger self-efficacy in participants, opened up post-secondary conversation between participants and their parents and created positive outcome expectations for a career in engineering.
Experimental and numerical studies of heat and moisture transfer in soils at various conditions
Authors: Dang Lam
Published: May 2021

The main purpose of this study is to provide a better understanding of heat and moisture transfer in soils under high-temperature (> 40°C) conditions. Through a numerical analysis of the experimental apparatus using COMSOL, it was found that one-dimensional formulation based on the finite volume method was sufficient to numerically study the governing partial differential equations of coupled heat and moisture transfer in soils. An existing experimental apparatus and some of its experimental procedures were improved in order to obtain more accurate test results. Based on a conservative uncertainty analysis, the maximum overall uncertainties at 95% confidence level were 15.5% for thermal conductivity and 9.20% for soil volumetric heat capacity. The maximum overall uncertainty for moisture content was estimated to be 48.6% at saturation ratio (SR) of 0.25 and reduced to 29.9% at SR of 0.5.

The heat and moisture transfer in the soil column based on the coupled governing equations were numerically simulated to compare with the experiments done on three soil types (fine soil BC1, medium soil NB2, and coarse soil QC2) with different saturation ratios (from 0.00 to 0.70) under different heating conditions (mostly from 42C and up). It was found that the simulations for coarser soils were less accurate to predict the moisture movements and temperature responses because the moisture could flow faster in coarser soils. The pure heat conduction model was also compared with the experiments and showed higher errors in the temperature responses (~2% minimum and ~5% maximum errors) than the equations of coupled heat and moisture transfer do Coarser soils, because of their higher sand contents, transferred more heat during transient time when the entire soil column was still quite wet, but less heat transferred during steady-state time when a part of the soil column became dry. In conclusion, the worst percentage differences between predicted and measured temperatures range from 0.89% to 3.52%, while the worst percentage differences between predicted and measured moisture contents range from 4.67% to 7.53%, using the one-dimensional formulations of the theoretical model of coupled heat and moisture transfer in soils