bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Adsorption, Kinetics and Thermodynamics of Reactive Dyes on Chitosan Treated Cotton Fabric
Authors:   Department of Textile Engineering, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, Bangladesh, Roy Manindra Nath , Hossain Md. Tofazzal ,   Department of Textile Engineering, Northern University, Dhaka, Bangladesh, Hasan Md. Zahid ,   Department of Knitwear Engineering, BGMEA University of Fashion and Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh, Islam Khairul ,   Department of Textile Engineering, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, Bangladesh, Rokonuzzaman Md. ,   Department of Textile Engineering, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, Bangladesh, Islam Md. Azharul ,   Department of Textile Engineering, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, Bangladesh, Khandaker Shahjalal ,   Department of Textile Engineering, Dhaka University of Engineering & Technology, Gazipur, Bangladesh, Bashar M Mahbubul ,   Department of Textile Engineering, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, Bangladesh
Published: May 2023

The adsorption performance, kinetics, and thermodynamic parameters of reactive dyes on chitosan-treated cotton fabric are described in this research. The batch experiment was carried out to investigate the influence of pH, time, temperature, dye concentration, and material to liquid ratio of Remazol Red RR and Remazol Yellow RR, two widely used reactive dyes. The adsorption of red and yellow dyes was observed at λmax 517 and 419 nm respectively. For both Remazol Red RR and Remazol Yellow RR reactive dyes with starting dye concentrations of 0.0667 and 40 mg/L, the greatest dye adsorption was reported at pH 11 (0.0009 and 0.1284 mg/g) and pH 4 (0.0004 and 0.1038 mg/g). The adsorption performance was investigated using the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. The adsorption behaviours of the two reactive dyes closely matched to the Langmuir adsorption isotherm (R2>0.98) than Freundlich isotherm (R2>0.92). The pseudo-second-order kinetic model (R2>0.99) was followed by the dyeing kinetics of modified cotton sample. Thermodynamic investigation was covered with enthalpy change (ΔH⁰), Gibbs free energy (ΔG⁰) and entropy change (ΔS⁰) where all the values were reported positive confirming that the adsorption process was non-spontaneous, endothermic and the higher affinity of reactive dye on chitosan treated cotton.
Sixty-four multi-slice cerebral CT angiographic findings in early non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage
Authors: Mahdi Mudhaffar B. , Aliasghar Abdullateef , Kadhim Basima
Published: May 2023

Background:  spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is subtype of hemorrhagic stroke with extremely poor prognosis. It’s a medical emergency and can lead to death or severe disability even when recognized and treated at an early stage. Computed tomographic angiography (CTA) is frequently become the initial step in detecting intracranial aneurysms and planning therapeutic interventions.
Objectives: to analyze the findings of non traumatic SAH in cerebral CTA and characterization of the underlying causes, emphasizing the importance of CTA as a new advent investigation in Iraq.

J Fac Med Baghdad
2014; Vol.56, No .2
Received Mar .2014
Accepted May. 2014

Patients and methods: This cross sectional study performed on 62 patients with non-traumatic SAH who underwent CTA in Baghdad Teaching Hospital at medical city-Baghdad from August 2012–August 2013 of patients with highly clinical suspicion of SAH or those who were diagnosed by native computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),  the sample of the study  was  consist  of 37 males and  25 females, age of patients  ranged  from 1-70 years; all patients examined by CTA using 64 multi-slice CT.
Results: From 62 patients in our study, 10 patients have negative finding, 38 have aneurysm, 7 have AVM, 5 have cavernoma and 2 patients have venous angioma. 81.6 % of the aneurysms were saccular and 18.4% were fusiform in shape and mostly (89.5%) supratentorial in location and 10.5% infratentorially, which is single in 84.2% and more than one in 15.8% of patients. The most frequent types of arteriovenous malformation (AVM) were parenchymal (71.4%), from which the size 3-6 cm was most frequent (60%), while the Dural AVM identified in 28.6% of patients; from which, the size 3 cm most frequent size (66.6%) and no cases reported with mixed types.
Conclusion: CTA can provide rapid, minimally-invasive evaluation of broad spectrum of cerebrovascular disorders and CTA adequate for detecting aneurysms in symptomatic SAH patients especially when conjoined with native CT, also CTA is helpful in intervention planning.
The incidence of hypoxemia due to malposition of double lumen endotracheal tube during one lung ventilation
Authors: Al-hassani Osamah H.
Published: May 2023

Fac Med Baghdad
2014; Vol.56, No.2
Received: Jan., 2014
Accepted March. 2014
 

Background: Oxygenation during one lung ventilation (OLV) can be affected by positioning of Double lumen endobronchial tube (DLT). Mal position can occurs following intubation and moving the patient to the lateral decubitus position.
Objectives: To study the relation of hypoxemia to mal position of double lumen endo bronchial  tube after patient positioning in lateral decubitus position and during one lung ventilation. The use of fiber-optic scope in detecting the mal position and correcting it is illustrated.
Methods: A study of 80 patients with ASA physical status I-II patients about to have elective thoracic operations. The intubation of the trachea was done with a left sided DLT, then checked clinically by auscultation and with use of fiber-optic scope and this done after patient positioning and during OLV. Oxygen saturation was measured by non invasive pulse oxy meter. IF oxygen saturation below 92 % (10.6kpa) 80 mmHg is detected, the DLT position must be checked and positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP), oxygen insufflations or (continuous positive airway pressure). CPAP or total lung ventilation (TLV) was tried if needed.
Result: Misplacement of DLT was found in 28 patients (35%) after patient positioning and in 24 patients (30%) during OLV. Patients who had malpostion of DLT after placing the patients in lateral decubitus position had a greater incidence of malposition  of DLT in OLV (64%). The application PEEP to the dependent lung, CPAP or oxygen insufflations to the upper lung or brief periods of  TLV were applied in 28 patients.
Conclusion: Patients who have mal position of DLT in lateral position had more incidence of hypoxemia and DLT mal position in OLV and mostly require intervention with use of fiber-optic bronchoscopy which is mandatory for detecting and correcting the mal position.
Detection of Cd69 Marker by Flow Cytometry in Iraqi Patients with Coeliac Disease.
Authors: Al-Sakini Karrar A. , Al-hadithi Hayfaa S. , Asker Bassim A.
Published: May 2023

J Fac Med Baghdad
2014; Vol.56, No .2
Received Feb .2014
Accepted Apr. 2014

 

Background: Coeliac disease is a chronic, immunologically determined form of enteropathy affecting the small intestine in genetically predisposed children and adults. It is precipitated by the ingestion of gluten-containing foods. It is also referred to as celiac sprue, gluten-sensitive enteropathy, or nontropical sprue. CD69 is a lymphoid activation antigen whose rapid expression makes it suitable for the detection of T-cell activation and for subset activation analyses.
Objective: Investigate the clinical value of using CD69 marker in diagnosis of coeliac disease.
Patients and method: A total of 40 patients (21 males & 19 females) with coeliac disease attending the Gastroenterology and Hepatology Teaching Hospital in the Medical City, during the period between February 2013 and June 2013.The control group consisted of 40 apparently healthy individuals who were not complaining of any gastro-intestinal problem. Venous blood samples were taken from each subject (fresh blood tested for detection of CD69 marker by flow cytometry).
Results: The age of coeliac disease patients in this study was ranged between (2-56) years with the mean age of (15.6 ± 13.1) years. Blood level of CD69 positive T-lymphocytes was significantly increased in cases group when compared with controls group.
Conclusion: Detection of CD69 marker is an accurate and rapid method for diagnosis of coeliac disease.
Relation between ABO blood groups and Rh group with hypertension among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic in Baquba- Diyala Province
Authors: Salman Sawsan T.
Published: May 2023

J Fac Med Baghdad
2014; Vol.56, No .2
Received Sep .2013
Accepted Dec. 2013

 

Background: Several reports show that hypertension is a leading cause of maternal and fetal morbidity; also ABO blood group may be blamed in susceptibility to human diseases as blood-group antigens which influence the bioavailability of E-selectin, TNF-alpha and intra cellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM1) factors that implicated in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia.
Objective: To evaluate the possible relationship between ABO blood group and Rh with hypertension in pregnancy.
Patients and method: Case- control study is conducted in Al-Batool teaching hospital for maternity and children in Baquba city. Two hundred and twenty (220) pregnant women with hypertension and 100 normal healthy pregnant women, in specific age group are enrolled . Comparison between hypertension and ABO blood group is done. Statistical analysis is done by X ² and t- test.
Results: The results revel that mean age in hypertensive pregnant women is(30.0±6.8), while in healthy control pregnant women is (26.2±6.1) years in all ABO and Rh. blood groups. Mean weeks of gestations in hypertensive pregnant women and healthy control groups are (37.0±3.0), (35.8±6.1) respectively in all ABO and Rh blood groups. Blood group O is the highest percent (41%) in hypertensive pregnant women,  (31%) in control group but it was statistically not significant p value (0.239), in control group higher percent found with blood group A (36%) comparing with blood group A in hypertensive group (33%) but also statistically not significant. Among both hypertensive pregnant women and healthy control pregnant women Rhesus positive (Rh +ve) percent is significantly higher in both hypertensive and control group (78%, 85%) respectively than Rhesus negative (Rh –ve) (22%) in hypertensive and (15%) in control, while no significant difference in the percentage of Rh+ve between the hypertensive(78%) and control group(85%) and Rh-ve in hypertensive(22%) and control(15%).
Conclusion: This study reveals no association between ABO and Rh blood group and hypertension in pregnancy.
SORL1 rs1699102 Moderates the Effect of Sex on Language Network
Authors: Fan Jialing , Zhu Zhibao , Chen Yaojing , Yang Caishui , Li Xin , Chen Kewei , Chen Xiaochun , Zhang Zhanjun
Published: May 2023

Background: Language ability differs between the sexes. However, it is unclear how this sex difference is moderated by genetic factors and how the brain interacts with genetics to support this specific language capacity. Previous studies have demonstrated that the sorting protein-related receptor (SORL1) polymorphism influences cognitive function and brain structure differently in males and females and is associated with Alzheimer’s disease risk. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of sex and the SORL1 rs1699102 (CC versus T carriers) genotype on language. Methods: 103 non-demented Chinese older adults from Beijing Aging Brain Rejuvenation Initiative (BABRI) database were included in this study. Participants completed language tests, T1-weighted structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and resting-state functional MRI. Language test performance, gray matter volume, and network connections were compared between genotype and sex groups. Results: The rs1699102 polymorphism moderated the effects of sex on language performance, with the female having reversed language advantages in T carriers. The T allele carriers had lower gray matter volume in the left precentral gyrus. The effect of sex on language network connections was moderated by rs1699102; male CC homozygotes and female T carriers had higher internetwork connections, which were negatively correlated with language performance. Conclusion: These results suggest that SORL1 moderates the effects of sex on language, with T being a risk allele, especially in females. Our findings underscore the importance of considering the influence of genetic factors when examining sex effects.
Does the Time Dimension has to be Perpendicular to the Space-Dimensions?
Authors: Nawrot Witold
Published: May 2023

INTRODUCTION: Considered are doubts regarding the choice of the time dimension as perpendicular to the three spatial dimensions of an observer.

OBJECTIVES: To solve this problem, it is necessary to compare the description of the current model of reality with a model that assumes that the time dimension is linearly independent of the spatial dimensions of the coordinate system of an observer.

METHODS: It was necessary to examine and compare the properties of two models of reality that fulfilled the rule of space-time interval conservation, the first where the time dimension is perpendicular to the space dimensions of the coordinate system of an observer, and the second where the time dimension is linearly independent of the space dimensions of the coordinate system of an observer..

RESULTS: The approach that assumes that the time dimension is linearly independent of the spatial dimension of the coordinate system of an observer leads to a Euclidean picture of reality, where it is possible to connect the absolute character of reality with the relativity of motion of bodies.

CONCLUSIONS: Rejecting the assumption regarding the perpendicularity of the time dimension to the spatial dimensions of the observers’ reference frame seems to be a way to solve unsolved problems for 120 years and extend the capacity of the model of reality.
A Survey: Looking for the best possible way of modern engagement with Traditional Indian knowledge
Authors: Gangopadhyay Debajyoti
Published: May 2023

WHY THIS SURVEY?

The present state of science philosophy Dialog in the Indian philosophical context can be compared in a certain sense with the situation that prevailed in pre-Newtonian Europe before the advent of the scientific revolution, when the _norms of departure_ from the pre-existing (mostly theology-driven) knowledge paradigm were yet to be properly worked out.

The situation today in the context of Science and Indian Philosophy Dialog is not very different as we still don’t know for sure the best possible way of _modern _engagement with _traditional_ Knowledge. This is mostly due to the absence of any systematic method of assessment of the difference in _epistemic _status between traditional and modern understandings. Moreover, we have hardly any comprehensive idea of what can and cannot be expected to emerge from this kind of comparative discourse. Though the possible overlap between the Eastern and Western knowledge systems continued to be hotly debated in the Philosophical as well as scientific community during the past few decades, no consensus about norms of comparison had been reached yet. With a few remarkable exceptions [1][2], most of the discussions of overlap or parallel are intrinsically endangered to result in little more than mere analogy at superficial levels of the two discourses.

Nalanda Dialog under the patron umbrella of Dpt. of Philosophy, Navanalanda Mahavihara, Nalanda, is a platform where scientists and philosophers from around the country meet every year since 2005 to discuss interdisciplinary issues.

During the past few _Nalanda Dialogs_ from 2016-2020, we are trying to take the opportunity to have a fresh idea (admittedly only a snapshot) of the prevailing state of the art on the basis of responses to some multiple-choice questions. We invited the participants to respond to a set of questions on interdisciplinary issues. These questions were circulated among them during the Meeting. On the basis of their responses, we have developed a percentile result which can give an idea of the present state of affairs.
Categorical Vector Space Semantics for Lambek Calculus with a Relevant Modality
Authors: McPheat Lachlan , Sadrzadeh Mehrnoosh , Wazni Hadi , Wijnholds Gijs
Published: May 2023

We develop a categorical compositional distributional semantics for Lambek Calculus with a Relevant Modality !L∗, a modality that allows for the use of limited editions of contraction and permutation in the logic. Lambek Calculus has been introduced to analyse syntax of natural language and the linguistic motivation behind this modality is to extend the domain of the applicability of the calculus to fragments which witness the discontinuity phenomena. The categorical part of the semantics is a monoidal biclosed category with a !-functor, very similar to the structure of a Differential Category. We instantiate this category to finite dimensional vector spaces and linear maps via "quantisation" functors and work with three concrete interpretations of the !-functor. We apply the model to construct categorical and concrete semantic interpretations for the motivating example of !L∗: the derivation of a phrase with a parasitic gap. The efficacy of the concrete interpretations are evaluated via a disambiguation task, on an extension of a sentence disambiguation dataset to parasitic gap phrase one, using BERT, Word2Vec, and FastText vectors and relational tensors.
The Scope of Adaptability Research to Social, Economic and Policy Changes
Authors: Handoko Jarwa Prasetya Sih , Kusumawanto Arif , Dharoko Atyanto
Published: May 2023

This paper discusses the research on adaptability that has been carried out due to social, economic, and policy changes. The dynamics of social, economic, and policy changes occur along with the development of people's lives. Many factors lead to changes in urban environmental conditions. These dynamics are responded to by the community by making adaptations, both building adaptations and behavioral adaptations. The ability to improve the outcome of existing buildings through adaptation is essential to improving the building environment sustainability. Thus, research on the phenomenon of adaptability is essential and relevant to be carried out, considering that changes in environmental conditions cannot be avoided. Hence, adjustment or adaptation of buildings is necessary. This study's objective is to establish the scope of the research discussion on the topic of adaptability that has been carried out. This research is literature review research with a comparison-content analysis as an empirical method. This study reviews 30 adaptability papers published between 1989 and 2020. The method of analysis is mapping the research literature with the adaptability topic by comparing the substance of the research based on the research focus, objectives, and adaptability research objects carried out. From this research, it can be concluded that research on adaptability can be categorized based on the scope of the research area, the typology of the building being studied, and the research locus. The research results hopefully could provide an extension of other research, specifically in building adaptation. It is recommended that further research on the phenomenon of housing adaptation can be carried out with adaptability research in suburban and rural areas. In addition, research can be developed on location settings with different characteristics, such as housing in coastal settlements or settlements in highland settlements.
Utilisation d'un programme pour produire une application en tant que produit pédagogique dans le cadre du Programme d'Études Supérieures en Enseignement Professionnel et Technologique (PROFEPT)
Authors: Viana Valderi Nascimento , Fecury Amanda Alves , Oliveira Euzébio de , Dendasck Carla Viana , Dias Claudio Alberto Gellis de Mattos
Published: May 2023

L’objectif de la maîtrise professionnelle est que l’étudiant à la maîtrise, pendant le cours jusqu’à sa conclusion, puisse localiser, reconnaître, identifier et résoudre des problèmes. Pour compléter le ProfEPT, il est nécessaire de préparer et de délivrer un produit pédagogique à la fin du cours, qui est d’application immédiate dans le domaine d’enseignement. Kodular est un site Web qui permet de créer des applications basées sur le système Android en utilisant des blocs comme langage de programmation. L’objectif de cet article était de démontrer l’utilisation d’un programme pour produire une application en tant que produit éducatif dans le cadre du Programme d’Études Supérieures en Enseignement Professionnel et Technologique (PROFEPT)[6].
Recognition and location of crop seedlings based on image processing
Authors: Хань Яфен , Ван Сіньфа , Оничко В.І. , Зубко В.М. , Лі Гуохоу
Published: May 2023

With the development of digital image technology, we can easily obtain a large number of crop growth images. Through effective analysis of the image, the growth information of crops can be obtained, which can better direct agricultural production. The efficiency of traditional seedling growth monitoring is low, especially in large-scale farmland, which takes a lot of time. Artificial method timely restricts scientific decision-making of cultivation crops. The progress of machine vision and image processing technology provides a new way for harmlessly monitoring of crop seedling growth .The results of image analysis can help agricultural producers to understand the growth of crop seedlings quickly and accurately, so as to take effective management as soon as possible. In this paper, the images of sunflower seedling collected in farmland environment are taken as the research object. The main research content is to segment green crops from soil background. Segmentation method of sunflower seedling image based on color features and Ostu threshold segmentation is proposed. The method is simple in calculation, and can adapt to the segmentation of farmland environment images, which lays the foundation for crop recognition process. Based on the image recognition results, the algorithm locates the seedlings. Through the rapid identification of sunflower seedlings, it is possible to fill the gaps with seedlings where the seedlings are less distributed. On the contrary, if the seedlings are too dense, the number of seedlings needs to be reduced. The algorithm provides a basis for precise management. The results show that the algorithm with extra green feature can quickly and effectively identify sunflower seedlings from background, and locate the seedlings based on the image recognition results. This algorithm is not sensitive to soil moisture and light conditions, and is less affected by crop residual coverage, so it can adapt to different soil environment which realize the non-destructive monitoring of sunflower seedlings.
UKRAINE'S WAY TO THE EU: PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION REFORM
Authors:   State Tax University, Kantsur Inna , Hatska Liudmyla ,   Taras Shevchenko National University, Mirko Nataliia ,   State University of Trade and Economics
Published: May 2023

The article reveals the peculiarities of reforming the sphere of public administration on the way to European integration. On June 23, 2022, the heads of 27 EU member states and their governments decided to grant Ukraine the status of a candidate for the EU. It was revealed that against the background of the Russian-Ukrainian war, the process of European integration of Ukraine acquires a new meaning, its active stage involves the adoption of relevant decisions and the adoption of relevant regulatory and legal acts. It was determined that corruption schemes in the sphere of public administration have a lot of destructive consequences in the socio-economic sphere, therefore, taking into account such aspects, a plan for reforming the sphere of public administration in the direction of the European integration of Ukraine was developed. In order to build an effective public administration system in Ukraine, it is envisaged to implement work in four directions: parliamentary reform, reforming central executive bodies and approximation to EU governance standards, reform in the system of local executive bodies, reform in the field of local self-government. It is believed that an important direction of European integration should be the creation of a system of state support (state + business) for institutions of civil society, with the aim of including them on a competitive basis in the preparation of proposals (participation in development) in the field of public administration and their legislative support. On the path of Ukraine's European integration, it is also envisaged to continue reforming the management of state-owned enterprises in order to control state assets more deeply. On the way to European integration, our country will have to introduce and adopt a sufficient number of changes, but given the way Ukraine defends its independence, there are good reasons to claim that Ukraine is a truly worthy candidate for EU membership. It should be emphasized that due to the circumstances that have developed in general, Ukraine has the opportunity to quickly join the EU within the framework of existing procedures. However, it should not be forgotten that the EU may decide to create a special regime to speed up the accession process. This will bring Ukraine closer to the completion of formal accession to the European Union, but not to the final completion of European integration, which is connected with the fact that in order to fully comply with the standards of the European Union, a number of reforms need to be carried out, among which the reform of public administration in the context of ensuring economic growth takes a decisive place of Ukraine.
THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS AND THE ECONOMIC NEED FOR THE RESTRUCTURING OF ENTERPRIS
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lashchyk Iryna
Published: May 2023

The scientific article is devoted to the study of theoretical and methodological features inherent in the restructuring of enterprises. The approaches of domestic and foreign scientists to the essence of the concept of "restructuring" are considered, which are divided into three groups. It was determined that the most objective approach is the approach according to which restructuring is interpreted as a continuous process of making changes in the company's activities, adapted to the conditions of the internal and external environment. Based on the analysis of domestic and foreign literature, a set of types of restructuring is summarized and characterized. In the form of a graphic interpretation, the main forms of restructuring, namely operational and strategic, are presented and described. A list of indicators is presented that are most often suggested to be calculated to determine the need for restructuring based on the identification of its type and form. The specified list of indicators was applied to the activities of the State Enterprise "Horodnytske Forestry". It was found that most of the indicators did not meet the recommended values or directions of change, and some of them even worsened in dynamics. It was determined that the main factors of the need for restructuring at SE "Horodnytske Forestry" are: an increase in the amount of short-term liabilities; low level of asset liquidity; obsolescence of fixed assets; a significant volume of stocks; decrease in revenue from product sales; the decrease in the level of solvency of the population and the COVID-19 pandemic; imperfect cost management policy. A method of assessing the restructuring capacity of the enterprise is proposed, which is based on the calculation of the integral indicator. The proposed method was tested at the studied State Enterprise "Horodnytske Forestry". The obtained value of the integral indicator confirmed the possibility and necessity of carrying out restructuring measures at the SE "Horodnytske lisov estvodstvo", primarily in the areas of profitability and property status. A block diagram for improving the enterprise restructuring mechanism is proposed, which provides for the sequential implementation of 13 stages, and also provides provisions that each restructuring process must comply with.
EVALUATION OF THE FACTORS OPTIMIZING THE ACTIVITY OF THE ENTITY OF INTERNATIONAL ACTIVITY
Authors:   Vinnytsia Institute of Trade and Economics of State University of Trade and Economics, Melnichuk Oksana
Published: May 2023

The research is focused on the analysis of the activities of the subject of international business. The practical aspects of the analysis of multifaceted influencing factors on the export organization of an international company have been studied. The problem of complex analysis by groups of indicators, which allows retrospectively to assess the work of the company (enterprise) based on statistical reporting data, is gaining theoretical understanding. The need to use various approaches to evaluate the effectiveness of the international economic activity of the enterprise is substantiated. An analysis of the indicators was carried out in order to assess the level of creditworthiness of the enterprise. The compliance of the indicators with the normative values was determined. An assessment of the enterprise's creditworthiness is provided as one of the possible factors for optimizing the enterprise's foreign economic activity. The crisis state of the enterprise was also assessed according to Altman's model. The obtained results characterize the financial stability of the enterprise at a high level, testify to the ability to finance its current activities, to conduct settlement operations in a timely manner. In order to improve the organization of international activities, a factor analysis of activity results was carried out. It was established that the financial result was influenced by a number of factors, both positively and negatively. It was emphasized that when organizing work for export, an important issue is the choice of partners on the world market. The principles of foreign economic activity are considered. For effective management of international economic activity, it is proposed to: analyze the indicators that characterize the crisis state of the enterprise according to Altman's five-factor model; determine creditworthiness indicators; give an assessment of factors influencing the financial result. The development of specific plans for the implementation of measures will allow the enterprise to decide on the main types of actions for entering foreign markets and consolidate its competitive advantages.
MANAGEMENT AND ORGANIZATION OF MARKETING ACTIVITIES TOURISM ENTERPRISE
Authors:   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Mandiuk Nazarii , Masyuk Yuliya ,   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv
Published: May 2023

The article discusses marketing management as an effective tool for influencing the economic development of a tourism enterprise. Prerequisites and factors for the use of such tools are presented. The essence of marketing management, its components are revealed. Attention is paid to the management of such processes as: improvement and development of tourism products or services; effective pricing; formation of sales channels, selection of intermediaries and establishment of work with them, management of distribution channels; formation of a promotion complex, which includes a wide range of activities (advertising, sales promotion, personal sales, PR events, participation in exhibitions, etc.). The functions of marketing management are considered, such as: market analysis, planning, organization, motivation and control of marketing activities. The role of the marketing organization of the tourism enterprise is defined, which includes two aspects: determining the place of marketing structures in the organizational structure of the tourism enterprise; the organization of the marketing structures of the tourism enterprise itself. The importance of the organizational structure of the marketing activity of a tourism enterprise is considered. The principles of marketing organization of a tourism enterprise are considered. The observance of which should ensure the effective implementation of marketing functions and tasks. A properly constructed system of marketing information plays a special role in the organization of marketing of a tourist enterprise, which should include a list of sources of obtaining marketing information, defined methods and procedures of marketing research, features of the organization of information collection and processing, etc. The structure of the marketing information system, which includes four components: a system of collecting internal information, a system of collecting current external marketing information, a system of special marketing research, and an analytical system is considered. As a result, it should provide the management of the tourism enterprise with timely and reliable information for making informed management decisions.
THREATS AND PROSPECTS OF BUSINESS ACTIVITY IN UKRAINE DURING THE WAR AND POST-WAR PERIOD
Authors:   Educational and Scientific Institute ", Neskorodieva Inna ,   Karazin School of Business",   , V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Buyun Yang ,   Educational and Scientific Institute "Karazin School of Business", V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University
Published: May 2023

Entrepreneurship is the basis of a functioning market economy, and it carries the necessary prerequisites for qualitative changes in the economic relations system and business entities' activities. The economic efficiency of the state and the prospects for its development largely depend on the efficiency of business activity. Under these conditions, the war in Ukraine was a significant destructive factor in the development of entrepreneurship, which determined the study's relevance. The study aims to determine the threats and prospects for the recovery of entrepreneurial activity in Ukraine during the war and post-war period. The research is based on a survey conducted in August 2022 with the participation of top management managers of 1,284 Ukrainian enterprises. The study aimed to quantitatively assess threats and prospects for developing entrepreneurship in Ukraine. With the cluster analysis method, the peculiarities of entrepreneurship development in war conditions depend on geographical and branch affiliation. Based on the Granger causality test, the graphs method, and MICMAC analysis, the threats and prospects of entrepreneurial activity in Ukraine are structured according to their dependence and influence criteria and determined that the fundamental threats to the development of entrepreneurship generated by others are the decrease in demand for products, the threat of physical destruction, the unpredictability of the economic situation, the lack of state support, the reduction in the solvency of consumers, unpredictable actions of the state, the outflow of qualified personnel. The perspective of the development of entrepreneurship is related to European integration, which promotes access to new sales markets, the expansion of international partnership relations, the development of human capital due to the development of entrepreneurial abilities of owners and managers, flexibility, and criticality of their thinking. The structuring of threats made it possible to determine the priority, preventive and reactive responses which will minimize their negative impact on business activity and the use of prospects – to get out of the crisis and ensure sustainable development in the future.
PRODUCT MICRO-INNOVATIONS AS A RESULT OF COLLABORATION OF DIGITAL SOCIETY AND BEHAVIORAL ECONOMY
Authors:   Rivne State University of the Humanities, Yakubovska Nataliia , Strilchuk Ruslan ,   Rivne State University of the Humanities, Kokhanevych Tetiana ,   Rivne State University of the Humanities
Published: May 2023

The article stipulates that in the conditions of the digital society and behavioral economy, the process of creating a product innovation is permanent, complex and difficult to predict. For the convenience and simplicity of the verification of this economic phenomenon, the terms "microgroup", "interest in the product", "product microinnovation" are proposed, the aspect that business is an entrepreneurial plane where a product/goods is created is highlighted, or, using the logic of the laws of economics, it is the plane where society's resources are processed/transformed, and already in this context it is necessary to justify, decide, organize, take risks, etc. regarding the fulfillment of the order of the aggregate consumer.The understanding of the concept of information space was verified, in particular, its structure and the role it plays today, its dynamism and flexibility, as well as the aspect that it is reasonable to consider the information space of the economy through the prism of resources embodied in one way or another in such system elements: information, information resources, means and methods of applied mathematics, legal methods (norms), the market of information technologies, means of communication, informatization and telecommunications, information products and services. It has been shown that in the conditions of behavioral economics, we have a dominant influence on the "order" for the processing / transformation of the resource of the average, in fact, consumer; an economically mature market is oversaturated with a product that is constantly modified in response to the request of the same irrational consumer, who forms a unique offer for himself due to the availability of information about goods and services. This process of the article is described as "product micro-innovation reproduction" and is demonstrated schematically. An approach is proposed in which "product microinnovation" is a set / assortment of potential opportunities for micro-modification of a product, given previously researched or spontaneously revealed interests. The core of the "product" scheme is the basis around which the manufacturer must create the prerequisites for studying, researching, observing both the "interests" of the "I" (potential consumer) and the "interests" of other microgroups, as well as trends, innovations, changes, etc. information space in general. Substantial detailing of both the categories proposed in the scheme and the consequences of their organic interaction, in terms of content, is an extension of marketing functions and requires further implementation into the marketing theoretical and practical categorical apparatus.
LABOR MARKET SOCIAL RISKS DURING THE WAR IN UKRAINE
Authors:   Kyiv National Economic University named after Vadym Hetman, Kravchuk Oksana , Varis Iryna ,   Kyiv National Economic University named after Vadym Hetman, Ryabokon Ivan ,   Kyiv National Economic University named after Vadym Hetman
Published: May 2023

The war in Ukraine sustained a significant impact on the labor market. A third of Ukrainian enterprises suspended their activities in the first month of martial law. The situation forced a loss of income for most of the country's population and a growth in salary arrears. The number of vacancies decreased rapidly, which significantly complicated the job search. Despite the gradual recovery of the labor market, rising unemployment, social exclusion, gender inequality, workplace discrimination, and widespread poverty are among the negative social consequences of the war. The social risks of war affect the subjects of the labor market, which makes it necessary to study the specifics of their impact. The research purpose was analysis and determination the risk impact on the labor market of Ukraine during the COVID-19 pandemic and Russia’s unprovoked invasion. The article is devoted to studying regional disproportions in the manifestation of social risk in the Ukrainian labor market and identifying regions with the lowest risk level. For this purpose, the migration volumes were analyzed, and the distribution of internally displaced persons by regions of Ukraine and the predominant migration directions to European countries were determined. Demand and supply in the labor market were studied by analyzing a load of job seekers for one open vacancy in a regional section to characterize the risks of unemployment by region. Comparing wages in the pre-war period and during martial law in Ukraine is also feasible. Challenges and potential social risks of the labor market in Ukraine are identified. In the regions most affected by the armed aggression of the Russian Federation, the number of jobs decreased, and competition increased, the imbalance between the demand and supply of the labor force became significant, and a decrease in wages was observed. The study of migration, the level of unemployment, and wages in Ukraine made it possible to assess the challenges and potential risks of the labor market and to rank the regions of Ukraine in terms of regional advantages of the labor market, in which the most elementary level of social risks is observed. These are Lviv, Zakarpattia, Volyn, Khmelnytskyi, and Ternopil regions. The direction of further research should represent the development of recommendations for minimizing social risks throughout the country.
BIOMETRIC FUTURE OF AUTHENTICATION OF FINANCIAL SERVICES USERS
Authors:   Odessa I.I. Mechnikov National University, Borysova Larysa , Kolesnik Olga ,   Odessa I.I. Mechnikov National University, Shramko Helen ,   Odesa Professional College of Trade аnd Economics
Published: May 2023

The article discusses biometric technologies, which allow not only to ensure the proper level of security of financial transactions, but also to speed up the process of customer service both in traditional branches and through remote service channels. A few years ago, in order to attract new customers, it was enough for banks to offer them cheaper products and services. Today the situation is rapidly changing, users prefer convenience and reliability. The most common types of biometric data used in the financial sector include facial image, fingerprints, hand geometry and iris pattern. This data can be used to identify customers in online banking, to provide access to financial services on self-service devices and at bank branches, and to gain access to safe deposit boxes. The most popular in the banking sector is two-factor authentication using a PIN code or one-time password and biometrics, which ensures the highest level of data security and access control. The problem of internal fraud and unauthorized access to data through employee accounts is relevant for financial institutions around the world. Also biometrics is able to play an increasingly important role in the global fight against different forms of terrorism, namely in countering fraud, identity theft and other criminal offenses committed by terrorists in order to support their activities. Banks are looking for solutions that can protect their internal data infrastructure and are increasingly opting for biometric technologies. However, of course, biometric technologies’ usage can have more advantages than risks of using. The use of biometric technologies for employee authorization ensures the necessary level of data security and access control to sensitive information, and also provides enough opportunities for monitoring the work of employees of a financial institution. One of the most reliable means of user authentication is biometrics. Biometric data cannot be tampered with, stolen or otherwise used without the knowledge of the bearer. The use of biometric data for authentication on self-service devices provides a high level of security and reduces the time of the transaction, relieves users of the need to carry payment means with them, remember passwords or a PIN code from a card, etc.
ESSENCE AND KEY CHARACTERISTICS OF RESIDENTIAL REAL ESTATE AS AN ECONOMIC CATEGORY
Authors:   O.M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv, Biletskyi Ihor
Published: May 2023

The article substantiates the essence of the definition of "residential real estate", as well as its key features as an economic category. The interpretation of the concept of real estate in the normative legal acts of Ukraine is analyzed. It has been established that the concept of "residential real estate" is based on three components: first, on a direct understanding of what refers to real estate in general and what is its interpretation in the modern legal space; secondly, criteria for dividing real estate into residential and non-residential; thirdly, the formation of traditions of understanding real estate as "residential" in the national consciousness. It is proposed to consider residential real estate as a set of land plots and objects located on them, which may lose their value or purpose when trying to change their location. The main characteristics of the real estate object are highlighted, in particular, it is the connection with the land; form of consumption; the possibility of changing the location; form of functioning; the method of transferring value in the production or process of loss of consumer properties; duration of use; social significance; technical and technological characteristics. The issue of the development of the residential real estate sector should be considered at all levels of state administration with the optimization of points of contact with other industries and the creation of positive market relations. The main criteria for the division (distinction) of real estate objects are given. The fact that with the implementation of the territorial reform there is a division of real estate into state-owned real estate and real estate that is an asset of the territorial community is emphasized. Such real estate objects can be divided into two groups: the first – those that belong to the territorial community by property rights; the second – those that are located within the territorial community, but do not belong to the community (are not communally owned). It is noted that approaches to the definition of real estate objects in different countries may differ, taking into account their legal traditions and the level of development of social relations, and countries independently define things that are immovable and to which the norms of real estate regulation apply.