bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Net positive influence maximization in signed social networks
Authors: Li Dong , Wang Yuejiao , Li Muhao , Sun Xin , Pan Jingchang , Ma Jun
Published: June 2021

In the real world, a large number of social systems can be modeled as signed social networks including both positive and negative relationships. Influence maximization in signed social networks is an interesting and significant research direction, which has gained some attention. All of existing studies mainly focused on positive influence maximization (PIM) problem. The goal of the PIM problem is to select the seed set with maximum positive influence in signed social networks. However, the selected seed set with maximum positive influence may also has a large amount of negative influence, which will cause bad effects in the real applications. Therefore, maximizing purely positive influence is not the final and best goal in signed social networks. In this paper, we introduce the concept of net positive influence and propose the net positive influence maximization (NPIM) problem for signed social networks, to select the seed set with as much positive influence as possible and as less negative influence as possible. Additionally, we prove that the objective function of NPIM problem under polarity-related independent cascade model is non-monotone and non-submodular, which means the traditional greedy algorithm is not applicable to the NPIM problem. Thus, we propose an improved R-Greedy algorithm to solve the NPIM problem. Extensive experiments on two Epinions and Slashdot datasets indicate the differences between positive influence and net positive influence, and also demonstrate that our proposed solution performs better than the state-of-the-art methods in terms of promoting net positive influence diffusion in less running time.
Mean-entropy uncertain portfolio with risk curve and total mental accounts under multiple background risks
Authors: Deng Xue , Huang Cuirong
Published: June 2021

In the previous uncertain portfolio literature on background risk and mental account, only a general background risk and a few kinds of mental accounts were considered. Based on the above limitations, on the one hand, the multiple background risks are defined by linear weighting of different background asset risks in this paper; on the other hand, the total nine kinds of mental accounts are comprehensively considered. Especially, the risk curve is regarded as the risk measurement of different mental accounts for the first time. Under the framework of uncertainty theory, a novel mean-entropy portfolio model with risk curve and total mental accounts under multiple background risks is constructed. In addition, transaction fees, chance constraint, upper and lower limits and initial wealth constraints are also considered in our proposed model. In theory, the equivalent forms of the models with different uncertainty distributions (general, normal and zigzag) are presented by three theorems. Simultaneously, the corresponding concrete expressions of risk curves are obtained by another three theorems. In practice, two numerical examples verify the feasibility and effectiveness of our proposed model. Finally, we can obtain the following unique and meaningful findings: (1) investors will underestimate the potential risk if they ignore the existence of multiple background risks; (2) with the increase of the return threshold, the return of the sub-portfolio will inevitably increase, but investors also bear the risk that the risk curve is higher than the confidence curve at this time.
CPT-MABAC method for spherical fuzzy multiple attribute group decision making and its application to green supplier selection
Authors: Zhang Huiyuan , Wei Guiwu , Chen Xudong
Published: June 2021

The green supplier selection is one of the popular multiple attribute group decision making (MAGDM) problems. The spherical fuzzy sets (SFSs) can fully express the complexity and fuzziness of evaluation information for green supplier selection. Furthermore, the classic MABAC (multi-attributive border approximation area comparison) method based on the cumulative prospect theory (CPT-MABAC) is designed, which is an optional method in reflecting the psychological perceptions of decision makers (DMs). Therefore, in this article, we propose a spherical fuzzy CPT-MABAC (SF-CPT-MABAC) method for MAGDM issues. Meanwhile, considering the different preferences of DMs to attribute sets, we obtain the objective weights of attributes through entropy method. Focusing on the current popular problems, this paper applies the proposed method for green supplier selection and proves for green supplier selection based on SF-CPT-MABAC method. Finally, by comparing existing methods, the effectiveness of the proposed method is certified.
Exon-Skipping in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
Authors: Takeda Shin’ichi , Clemens Paula R. , Hoffman Eric P.
Published: June 2021

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a devastating, rare disease. While clinically described in the 19th century, the genetic foundation of DMD was not discovered until more than 100 years later. This genetic understanding opened the door to the development of genetic treatments for DMD. Over the course of the last 30 years, the research that supports this development has moved into the realm of clinical trials and regulatory drug approvals. Exon skipping to therapeutically restore the frame of an out-of-frame dystrophin mutation has taken center stage in drug development for DMD. The research reviewed here focuses on the clinical development of exon skipping for the treatment of DMD. In addition to the generation of clinical treatments that are being used for patient care, this research sets the stage for future therapeutic development with a focus on increasing efficacy while providing safety and addressing the multi-systemic aspects of DMD.
Aperture photometry measurements of melanin particles in Krukenberg spindles of the cornea in pigment dispersion syndrome
Authors: Czepita Maciej
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND: Quantification of melanin pigment release in pigment dispersion syndrome as well as observations of melanin brightness changes can be valuable information in the management of this rare ocular disease. OBJECTIVES: Previous studies have focused on examining the iris pigment epithelium and aqueous humor. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the cornea. METHODS: A novel technique was developed for this purpose based on aperture photometry. Slit lamp digital video images of the cornea were recorded. A single frame from each video recording based on the quality was chosen for further processing and analysis. Aperture photometry was performed with AstroImageJ open source software. Aperture selection was performed automatically. Melanin particles displaying a signal-to-noise ratio above 20 were analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 16 melanin particles from the right eye of the patient participating in the study were detected and a further 9 melanin particles from the left eye. The examined area of the cornea measured 348 × 348 pixels in the image. Brightness differed by as much as 8.98 × among particles in the right eye and 2.03 × in the left eye. CONCLUSIONS: It seems feasible for this new method to be potentially used in the monitoring of patients with pigment dispersion syndrome and pigmentary glaucoma as well as in other ocular diseases.
Comparison of successful outcome of pit and fissure sealants bonded with etch-and-rinse adhesive and self-etch adhesive system
Authors: Baloch Jiand Malik , Ahmed Muhammad Adeel , Syed Azeem Ul Yaqin , Younus Muhammad Zohaib , Nasim Muhammad Owais , Rashid Saqib
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND: Dental caries is one of the most common diseases around the world. The newly erupted permanent posterior teeth are at great risk due to the complex occlusal morphology of pits and fissures, infraocclusion and incomplete maturation of enamel. Pit and fissure sealants are the treatment of choice in such conditions. OBJECTIVES: To compare the successful outcome of pit and fissure sealants bonded with etch-and-rinse adhesive system and self-etch adhesive systems in newly erupted permanent first molars. METHODS: This randomized clinical trial was conducted at the Fatimah Jinnah Dental Hospital from June 2017 to May 2019. Children aged between 6 to 9 years who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were recruited for this study after parents’ consent. Patients were randomly divided into two groups by the lottery method. Thirty patients with 60 first molar teeth in Group A were treated with etch-and-rinse adhesive system, while the other thirty patients with 60 first molar teeth in Group B were treated with self-etch adhesive system. After adhesive placement, all children received the same fissure sealants in newly erupted maxillary and mandibular permanent first molar. Each group was clinically evaluated at 6 and 12 months follow-up visit. Modified United States Public Health Service (USPHS) criteria were used for direct clinical evaluation of successful outcomes such as sealant retention and marginal discoloration. RESULTS: Successful outcome was statistically significant in Group B compared to Group A (60% vs. 30% p= 0.020) at 12 months follow-up. Stratification analysis was performed with respect to age in which a successful outcome was not significant (p= 0.43) between groups for 6 to 7 years of age, while it was significant (p= 0.012) between groups in 8 to 9 years of age children. CONCLUSION: Self-etch adhesive system is better than etch-and-rinse adhesive system in terms of long-term sealant retention. In addition, the bonding procedure is simple with relatively short clinical application time therefore it would offer great benefit to clinicians in treating pediatric patients.
Development and pilot testing of novel game-based respiratory rehabilitation exercise devices for patients with tetraplegia
Authors: Park Jiyoung , Kang Dongheon , Eun Seon-Deok
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND: Individuals with spinal cord injuries (SCI) show restricted breathing patterns with reduced lung volumes and capacities. OBJECTIVE: To improve breathing in such individuals, we aimed to develop breathing exercise devices using a user-centered design (UCD) and then assess the effects of these devices on breathing. METHODS: Patients with SCI were involved in the device development. Preliminary online survey participants were recruited from the community, and interview and pilot test participants were recruited from a patient self-help group. The four UCD phases were repeatedly performed. Users required fun, easy, multi-player, and safe exercise devices. RESULTS: Seven breathing exercise devices were developed, and 10 different game-based exercises were performed. Two individuals participated in a pilot test involving a respiratory rehabilitation exercise program conducted twice weekly for 60 min/session over 8 weeks. Lung function was assessed using a spirometer. Forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in 1 s, and vital capacity showed minimal changes, whereas maximum inspiratory and expiratory pressures improved. Participants reported that the exercises were entertaining and that the competitive nature of the game-like exercises encouraged further participation. CONCLUSION: Breathing exercise programs using our developed devices can improve breathing and positively affect the psychological states and sociability of users.
Segmentation of acetowhite region in uterine cervical image based on deep learning
Authors: Liu Jun , Liang Tong , Peng Yun , Peng Gengyou , Sun Lechan , Li Ling , Dong Hua
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND: Acetowhite (AW) region is a critical physiological phenomenon of precancerous lesions of cervical cancer. An accurate segmentation of the AW region can provide a useful diagnostic tool for gynecologic oncologists in screening cervical cancers. Traditional approaches for the segmentation of AW regions relied heavily on manual or semi-automatic methods. OBJECTIVE: To automatically segment the AW regions from colposcope images. METHODS: First, the cervical region was extracted from the original colposcope images by k-means clustering algorithm. Second, a deep learning-based image semantic segmentation model named DeepLab V3+ was used to segment the AW region from the cervical image. RESULTS: The results showed that, compared to the fuzzy clustering segmentation algorithm and the level set segmentation algorithm, the new method proposed in this study achieved a mean Jaccard Index (JI) accuracy of 63.6% (improved by 27.9% and 27.5% respectively), a mean specificity of 94.9% (improved by 55.8% and 32.3% respectively) and a mean accuracy of 91.2% (improved by 38.6% and 26.4% respectively). A mean sensitivity of 78.2% was achieved by the proposed method, which was 17.4% and 10.1% lower respectively. Compared to the image semantic segmentation models U-Net and PSPNet, the proposed method yielded a higher mean JI accuracy, mean sensitivity and mean accuracy. CONCLUSION: The improved segmentation performance suggested that the proposed method may serve as a useful complimentary tool in screening cervical cancer.
Relationship between work-related ocular events, facial injuries and associated factors amongst dental professionals during COVID-19
Authors: Anzar Wajiha , Afaq Ashar , Baig Qaiser Ali , Mohamed Osama Y. , Bukhari Ishfaq A , Vohra Fahim
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND: In dental settings, COVID-19 can be transmitted directly from patients to dentists through small droplets, saliva splashes, blood, and other body fluids liberated as a result of dental procedures. OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of ocular and facial injuries in dental professionals and to investigate factors in dental practice contributing to ocular injuries. METHODS: An analytical cross-sectional study was performed in public and private sector universities. The study had 301 participants including final year undergraduate students, interns, postgraduate trainees, general practitioners, and dental specialists. Data were gathered online using Google forms. Information on sociodemographic, practice details, history of ocular and facial encounters during the clinical experience, and protective measures adopted by the dentists were collected. Means and standard deviations were calculated for continuous variables whereas frequencies and percentages were calculated for categorical variables. A Chi-square test was applied for association between variables. RESULTS: Ocular events and facial injuries occurred more in females 204 (67.8%) than in males 97(32.2%). Final year students reported more incidence of ocular encounters than specialists (40.9%, 3.3%). Dentists working in the government sector underwent more ocular encounters than those in private sectors 185(61.4%) and 96 (31.8%). Majority of participants reported that scaling was the procedure in which dentists experienced an ocular event. A significant association was found between ocular events, qualification, years of experience in clinical practice, number of patients treated per day, improper posture, and proper armamentarium (p < 0.05). However, no association was found between ocular events, gender, working sector, and dental procedures. CONCLUSION: Occurrence of ocular injuries were high compared to facial injuries and these outcomes were dependent on dental expertise and experiences. Appropriate measures should be adopted to minimize the risk of disease transmission and COVID-19 through the eyes among practicing dentists.
Effects of the COVID-19 lockdown on musculoskeletal pain, physical activity, and work environment in Estonian office workers transitioning to working from home
Authors: Argus Martin , Pääsuke Mati
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND: COVID-19 lockdown caused a sudden change in the work culture and environment. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 lockdown caused changes in musculoskeletal pain (MSP), physical activity (PA), workplace properties, and their in-between relationships among office workers. METHODS: A total of 161 office workers (64.6%female) with a mean age of 38.2±9.5 years participated. The study was conducted as an online form. Baecke Physical Activity Questionnaire, NORDIC Questionnaire, and questions about the work environment were used. The participants were asked to describe the current situation and retrospectively the situation 3 months before. RESULTS: We found no significant differences in the prevalence of MSP or between the mean number of body regions suffering from MSP before and during the lockdown. During the lockdown, a significant (p < 0.001) reduction in total PA and sport-related PA and a significant (p < 0.001) increase in work-related PA was noted. A significant drop in both workplace comfort rating (p < 0.05) and workplace ergonomics rating (p < 0.001) was suggested during the lockdown. Our data also suggested several individual factors influencing the MSP among office workers during the lockdown. CONCLUSIONS: Maintaining habitual physical activity level and preparing a more comfortable and ergonomic workspace can play a role in a healthier transition to working from home.
The relationship between physical activity attitude and life satisfaction: A sample of university students in Turkey
Authors: Ayhan Cihan , Işık Özkan , Kaçay Zülbiye
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND: Physical activity is very important for a healthy life in the human existence, and regular physical activity and high attitudes towards physical activity can contribute to higher levels of life satisfaction of individuals. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between university students’ attitudes towards physical activity and their life satisfaction levels. METHODS: In the study, the Cognitive Behavioral Physical Activity Questionnaire was used to measure the participants’ attitudes towards physical activity. In order to measure the participants’ life satisfaction levels, The Satisfaction with Life Scale was used. Descriptive statistics, independent sample t-test, one-way ANOVA, pearson correlation analysis, and regression analysis were used in the analysis of the obtained data. RESULTS: According to gender, it was determined that there was a statistically significant difference both in the result expectation and self-regulation sub-dimensions of physical activity attitude and the total score of physical activity attitude. When the correlation analysis results were analyzed, the statistically significant positive relationship between life satisfaction and outcome expectation, self-regulation sub-dimensions of physical activity attitude, and the total score of physical activity attitude was determined. Also, it was found that the attitude towards physical activity explained approximately 6%of life satisfaction. CONCLUSIONS: It was determined that as the attitudes of the participants towards physical activity increased, their life satisfaction increased.
Respiratory symptoms and spirometric abnormalities among welders in the welding workplace of the Indian unorganized sector
Authors: Dev Manish , Bhardwaj Arvind
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND: Welding is one of the most hazardous professions across the globe. Several risk factors are associated with Indian unorganized welding units such as welding gases, fumes and dust particles resulting in various respiratory health problems. OBJECTIVE: The objective of the present study is to examine the prevalence of respiratory symptoms, their associated factors and lung function impairment amongst the welders of the unorganized sector in India. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted across 283 welders of age group 18–55 years from Punjab, India who responded to the interviewer-administrated respiratory symptoms questionnaire. Also, the lung function parameters of 50 male welders (exposed group) and 50 male non-welders (control group) working in the same environment were evaluated. RESULTS: The prevalence of respiratory symptoms such as chronic cough (38.86%), phlegm (38.86%), shortness of breath (33.56%), wheezing (32.15%), chest tightness (36.40%,) and sputum (34.27%) was reported by the welders. The observed mean values of forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1s (FEV1) and FEV1/FVC ratio of welders were (3.37±0.175), (2.59±0.16) and (76.63±6.16) respectively and that of non-welders were (3.70±0.15), (3.05±0.25) and (82.49±7.62) respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The welders were found to be at significant risk of developing pulmonary diseases. Long working hours, low level of education, hazardous working conditions, lack of implementation of safety laws make welders more vulnerable to health risks. The welders of Indian unorganized sector work without any technical training related to welding and safety. Proper orientation sessions about the workplace hazards and to maintain hygiene at their workplace should be organized. Welders must be provided with Personal Protective Equipment (PPE). Welders should take proper health check-up and medication to sustain healthiness
Low-grade systemic inflammation and the workplace
Authors: Viljoen Margaretha , Thomas (neé Negrao) Bianca Lee
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND: Psychosocial and physical stressors can elicit the stress response, co-ordinated by interactions between neuroendocrine and inflammatory processes. The central role of the immune system, specifically low-grade systemic inflammation, is sometimes overlooked in work-related stress research. OBJECTIVE: To review evidence that work-related psychosocial and physical stressors can stimulate a low-grade systemic inflammation which, through interactions with the neurohormonal systems, may impact on the well-being and productivity of workers. METHODS: Literature searches were performed by databases and by hand. Databases used included Interface - EBSCOhost Research Databases; PsycINFO; Academic Search Complete; Africa-Wide Information; CINAHL; E-Journals; MEDLINE and PsycARTICLES. RESULTS: Psychosocial stressors, infections, poor indoor air quality, musculoskeletal injuries and chemicals can stimulate a low-grade systemic inflammation that may adversely affect workers’ mental and physical health, as well as productivity. The psychological and physical effects caused by infection-induced inflammation are generally referred to as sickness behaviour and those caused by poor indoor air quality as sick building syndrome. CONCLUSIONS: Stressor-induced low-grade systemic inflammation can be a causal factor in the physical and behavioural symptoms of work-related stress. It is therefore important that those involved with the health of workers be cognisant of inappropriate or chronic low-grade inflammation as a potential health hazard.
DOMINASI PENGGUNAAN ISTILAH ASING DALAM RANAH PERKANTORAN PADA GEDUNG TAMANSARI PARAMA (Sebuah Tinjauan Sosiolinguisik)
Authors: Rahmawati Syifa , Bahaviani Alfi , Febriyanti Sri Wulan , Farchanita Nia , Julianti Ulfa
Published: June 2021

Penelitian ini berangkat dari kegelisahan mahasiswa sastra Indonesia yang bekerja di perkantoran. Penulis melihat problema di masyarakat bahwa penggunaan bahasa asing sudah mendominasi bahasa Indonesia. Penelitian ini merupakan studi pustaka yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui sejauh mana bahasa asing telah mendominasi penggunaan istilah dalam ranah perkantoran. Subjek penelitian ini adalah bahasa Inggris di gedung Tamansari Parama. Dari gedung yang dipilih, penulis memokuskan penelitian pada penyebutan jabatan, penamaan ruang, dan register. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah deskriptif kualitatif, adapun data yang tersaji menggunakan tabel, untuk memudahkan klasifikasi terhadap antar istilah Intrumen penelitian dilakukan dengan cara mengobservasi istilah-istilah yang terdapat di gedung tersebut. Hasil dari penelitian ini ditemukan 6 data dalam penyebutan posisi jabatan, 6 data dalam penyebutan istilah dalam ruangan, dan 5 data penggunaan register dalam ranah perkantoran. Berangkat dari data yang ditemukan terdapat kemungkinan masyarakat akan lebih mengerti makna dan beberapa posisi jabatan, penyebutan istilah dalam ruangan, serta register dalam ranah perkantoran tersebut jika sebutan, atau diucapan dalam bahasa asing, karena hampir seluruh industri perkantoran lebih senang menggunakan istilah asing dibandingkan bahasa Indonesia yang telah tersedia. Jika hal ini dibiarkan, maka tidak menutup kemungkinan anak cucu kita lebih dahulu mengenal bahasa asing dibandingkan bahasa Indonesia. Kata Kunci : Dominasi, Istilah, Asing, Perkantoran
PENGAJARAN DIALEK DAERAH BAGI PEMELAJAR BIPA TINGKAT A1: KAJIAN SOSIOLINGUISTIK
Authors: Septiani Annisa
Published: June 2021

Kehidupan masyarakat yang semakin berkembang, bahasa digunakan untuk pelbagai kebutuhan dan kepentingan. Hal tersebut dapat terjadi karena adanya perbedaan status sosial dalam masyarakat dan situasi berbahasa. Menurut KBBI V, dialek merupakan variasi bahasa yang berbeda-beda menurut pemakai (misalnya bahasa dari suatu daerah tertentu, kelompok sosial tertentu, atau kurun waktu tertentu). Dialek dapat artikan juga sebagai variasi bahasa yang dibedakan atas tata bahasa, pengucapan, dan kosa kata. Setiap daerah di Indonesia menggunakan bahasa Indonesia yang dialeknya berbeda-beda. Pemelajar BIPA dapat dinyatakan berhasil ketika mereka mampu berkomunikasi bahasa Indonesia dengan penutur aslinya. Sosiolinguistik merupakan cabang dari ilmu linguistik yang mempelajari hubungan dan pengaruh antara perilaku bahasa dan perilaku sosial. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengajarkan teknik-teknik pembelajaran dialek daerah oleh pemelajar BIPA tingkat A1. Metode penelitian yang digunakan berupa deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan sosiolinguistik. Data penelitian diperoleh melalui teknik studi pustaka. Dalam hal ini, pengajar memiliki peran yang besar untuk mengajarkan dialek-dialek daerah yang ada di Indonesia. Mengajarkan dialek bahasa daerah dalam pengajaran BIPA, akan mempermudah pemelajar BIPA dalam berkomunikasi dengan masyarakat sekitar tempat tinggal di mana dia berada. Pemelajar BIPA selain memepelajari bahasa Indonesia standar juga mempelajari bahasa dialek di mana mereka tinggal atau di daerah di mana mereka akan tinggal, tentu akan jauh lebih mudah berkomunikasi dengan orang kebanyakan karena mereka mengerti dialek yang digunakan. Mengajarkan dialek bahasa, dimungkinkan dapat mengurangi kesalahpahaman dalam berkomunikasi dan dengan dibekali dialek bahasa tertentu, pemelajar BIPA akan lebih mudah menyesuaikan bahasa, sehingga kesalahpahaman akan bisa dikurangi.Kata kunci: Dialek, Sosiolinguistik, Bahasa Indonesia bagi Penutur Asing (BIPA)
WUJUD PILIHAN KODE TUTUR PENDATANG DI LEMBAGA RUMAH QURAN, TANGERANG SELATAN
Authors: Kartikasari Ratna Dewi , Choirunisa Avifa
Published: June 2021

Pendatang di Lembaga Rumah Quran yang menggunakan keberagaman bahasa menggambarkan kecenderungan pemilihan bahasa pada bilingual juga multilingual. Terkait hal tersebut menyebabkan adanya pilihan kode yang digunakan oleh pendatang di Lembaga Rumah Quran. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menemukan dan mendeskripsikan wujud pilihan kode tutur yang digunakan pendatang pada pergaulan di kota Tangerang Selatan. Dalam penelitian ini, peneliti menggunakan metode padan dengan teknik dasar pilah unsur penentu (PUP) dan teknik lanjutan teknik hubung banding membedakan (HBB). Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data dengan teknik dasar sadap, teknik menyimak bebas, rekam, dan teknik pencatatan. Diketahui bahwa terdapat (1) tunggal bahasa yang meliputi: bahasa Indonesia nonformal, bahasa Jawa ngoko, bahasa Betawi, dan bahasa Palembang atau bahasa musi; (2) alih kode; dan (3) campur kode. Kata kunci: alih kode, campur kode, sosiolinguistik.
RENDAHNYA KESANTUNAN BAHASA DI WILAYAH TANGERANG RAYA AKIBAT FAKTOR LINGKUNGAN
Authors: Ilhamudin Ilhamudin
Published: June 2021

Rendahnya kesopanan bahasa diberbagai kalangan anak-anak, remaja, bahkan sampai orang dewasa. Anak-anak hanya bisa meniru cara berkomunikasi bahasa yang digunakan remaja dan orang dewasa kemudian diterapkan dalam kehidupan anak-anak dan temannya. Selaku orang tua merasa sedih melihat dan mendengarkan anak-anaknya berbahasa yang tidak sopan ketika berkomunikasi, akan tetapi orang tua tetap berusaha mendidik agar anaknya bisa berbahasa sopan dan santun dalam pergaulannya. Mengingat bangsa Indonesia memiliki bahasa yang penuh sopan dan santun maka dalam pergaulan dimana kita berada, kita harus tetap menjaga kualitas bahasa Indonesia agar eksistensi nilai bahasa yang berbudi pekerti tetap terjaga dengan baik. Karya tulis ini bertujuan untuk merumuskan beberapa konsep yang digunakan sebagai solusi atas menurunnya penggunaan kesopanan bahasa di kalangan masyarakat, khususnya masyarakat Tangerang Raya. Fokus pembahasan karya tulis ini adalah mewujudkan wilayah Tangerang Raya akan tingginya sopan santun dalam berbahasa dan masyarakat Tangerang Raya sebagai subjeknya. Gagasan ini ditulis dengan analisis dari beberapa permasalahan yang terjadi pada masyarakat Tangerang Raya di Indonesia, yang dikombinasi dengan solusi logis berdasarkan tinjauan pustaka atau studi literatur yang ada. Berdasarkan hasil analisis diketahui bahwa rendahnya penggunaan kesopanan bahasa di kalangan masyarakat dikarenakan beberapa faktor yakni anggapan bahwa bahasa sopan santun itu sulit, tidak bergengsi, dan tidak praktis. Sehingga, muncullah sebuah gagasan untuk mengefektifkan penggunaan bahasa sopan santun melalui perwujudan rendahnya kesopanan bahasa diwilayah Tangerang Raya.   Dengan menerapkannya kesopanan bahasa dapat meningkatkan kualitas bahasa Indonesia didalam negeri maupun internasional dan eksistensi nilai bahasa yang berbudi pekerti dapat dijadikan sebagai contoh nyata bahwa bangsa Indonesia adalah bangsa yang besar akan kesantunan berbahasa dan menjadi sebuah harta karun dan kekayaan bangsa. Menjunjung tinggi bahasa Indonesia sudah selayaknya dilakukan dengan cara menggunakan bahasa Indonesia yang baik dan benar.Kata kunci: kesantunan bahasa, mendidik, menjaga eksistensi
Early Rehabilitation Protocol for Bullae Repair and Pleurectomy: A Case Report
Authors:   Department of Physiotherapy, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, India., Gatty Aishwarya , Alaparthi Gopala Krishna ,   Department of Physiotherapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE., Kamath Madhav M ,   Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, India., Bairapareddy Kalyana Chakravarthy ,   Department of Physiotherapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE., Amaravadi Sampath Kumar ,   Department of Physiotherapy, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, India.
Published: June 2021

Objectives: Postoperative physiotherapy is routinely prescribed for patients after thoracic surgeries. There are no established guidelines for exercise prescription after pleural resection surgeries. The present study aimed to determine the effect of an individualized postoperative physiotherapy program on a patient who underwent pleurectomy. Methods: A 19-year-old female patient was admitted to Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore in February 2019. She was diagnosed with right spontaneous pneumothorax; then, she underwent bullae repair and pleurectomy and was given a 7-day individualized postoperative physiotherapy. The severity of dyspnoea, chest expansion, and right shoulder range of motion was recorded on postoperative day 2 and the day of discharge; the six-minute walk distance was measured on postoperative day 4 and the day of discharge. Results: Significant improvements in all the outcomes were found after the individualized post-operative physiotherapy program in the reported patient. Discussion: The provided individualized 7-day physiotherapy program improved the chest expansion, shoulder range of motion, rating of perceived exertion scores, and functional capacity in the reported patient who underwent bullae repair and pleurectomy.
Relationship Between Teacher’s and Therapist’s Evaluations on Handwriting Performance in First-grade Children
Authors:   Department of Rehabilitation Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., Alhusaini Adel , Melam Ganeswararao ,   Department of Rehabilitation Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., Bakr Takrouni Emad ,   Department of Rehabilitation Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., Zaffar Kashoo Faizan ,   Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al-Majma'ah, Saudi Arabia., Buragadda Syamala ,   Department of Rehabilitation Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Published: June 2021

Objectives: Handwriting dysfunction may harm children’s wellbeing. Therapists and elementary school teachers help to identify and improve children’s handwriting performance. The present study aimed to assess the relationship between therapists’ assessment and teachers’ perception of handwriting performance in first graders. Methods: This cross-sectional study involved (n=31) first-grade students, aged 6-8 years from an international school in Riyadh City, Saudi Arabia. Teachers evaluated the handwriting proficiency using the Handwriting Proficiency Screening Questionnaire (HPSQ), and the explored students were rated as proficient and non-proficient hand writers. Furthermore, therapists assessed students’ handwriting proficiency using the Minnesota Handwriting Assessment (MHA) (manuscript & D’Nealian styles) scores. The Mann–Whitney U test was used to assess the differences in MHA scores between proficient and non-proficient hand writers. Moreover, Spearman’s correlation coefficient was used to assess the relationship between the scores of MHA and HPSQ. Results: There was a significant difference in all component scores of MHA (except the rate) and both writing styles between the proficient and non-proficient writers (P<0.05). There was also a significant relationship between the MHA and the HSPQ scores (P<0.05). However, further analysis of these scales’ components suggested no significant association between teachers’ and therapists’ evaluation of the handwriting speed domain. Discussion: There was a significant relationship between the teacher’s and therapist’s evaluation of handwriting performance using standardized measures. Thus, therapists should work in collaboration with teachers to identify and treat handwriting difficulties in school children.
Association Between Physical Activity and Post menopausal Symptoms in Saudi Women: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors:   Department of Rehabilitation Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., Almurdi Muneera , Buragadda Syamala ,   Department of Rehabilitation Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Published: June 2021

Objectives: Menopause is the termination of a woman’s menstrual cycle for a year. In this condition, women’s health status declines due to hormonal changes and aging. Physical Activity (PA) is among the best available alternatives for managing menopause-related symptoms without any adverse effects. This study aimed to assess the relationship between PA and symptoms, such as fatigue, depression, and insomnia in Saudi menopausal women. Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 60 menopausal women; they were divided into physically active and inactive groups. The group allocation was conducted based on their PA level determined by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short-Form (IPAQ-SF). Menopausal symptoms, such as fatigue, depression, and insomnia were assessed using the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), and Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), respectively, in the study groups. The association between PA and fatigue, depression, and insomnia was assessed using the Pearson correlation coefficient. The significance level was set at P≤0.05. Results: Fatigue, depression, and insomnia were more prevalent in physically inactive post-menopause women than the active women. A significant difference was observed in the outcome variables between the study groups. Furthermore, a significant association was detected between PA and fatigue, depression, and insomnia in the study participants. Discussion: Half of the explored menopausal women were physically active. Physically active menopausal women presented less fatigue, depression, and insomnia, compared to their inactive counterparts. This study suggested that PA positively impacted menopausal symptoms (fatigue, insomnia, & depression). Besides, the collected results highlighted the importance of physical activity among menopausal women.
The Role of Speech-language Pathologists in the Hospitals of Pakistan
Authors:   Department of Pediatrics, District Head Quarter Hospital, Mianwali, Punjab, Pakistan., Zikria Mehwish , Mumtaz Nazia ,   Department of Speech Language Pathology, Faculty of Rehabilitation & Allied Health Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan., Saqulain Ghulam ,   Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Capital Hospital PGMI, Islamabad, Pakistan., Naveed Babur Muhammad ,   Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Isra University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Published: June 2021

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the knowledge and perception of the role of speech therapists by other medical professionals in public hospitals. Methods: This cross-sectional study recruited 200 healthcare professionals with >1year of job experience at the workplace of both genders and any age. Besides, the study subjects were selected using a non-probability convenience sampling approach. The study sample was recruited from 25 District and Tehsil Headquarter Hospitals from April 1, 2019, to September 30, 2019. A basic demographic datasheet and the Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices (KAP) survey were used for data collection. Statistical analysis was performed in SPSS. Results: Out of the total 200 eligible professionals from different departments, the Mean±SD scores of the responses were highest (75.14±24.87) in pediatric medical professionals. Moreover, the lowest scores (46.70±0.01) concerned Intensive Care Unit (ICU) experts; this difference was statistically significant (P<0.001). Similarly, a significantly higher Mean±SD score of 74.05±20.04 was noted for those working day shifts, compared to that of (35.01±8.52) those working in night shifts (P<0.001). Discussion: The knowledge and perception of different healthcare professionals serving in public hospitals vary regarding the role of SLPs. Such differences concern their profession, with pediatrics presenting the highest level of understanding, followed by general medicine. However, psychiatry and ENT professional provided the least understanding in this area. The professionals working in day shifts suggested better knowledge and perception, compared to night shifts staff.
The Effects of the Home-based Self-care Program Follow-up on Re-hospitalization Frequency and Quality of Life in Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors:   Department of Rehabilitation Management, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Pazouki Movakher Fatemeh , Khanjani Mohammad Saeed ,   Department of Counselling, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Hosseini Mohammad Ali ,   Department of Rehabilitation Management, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Bakhshi Enayatollah ,   Department of Biostatistics, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Ebrahimi Barmi Banafsheh ,   Department of Rehabilitation Management, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Published: June 2021

Objectives: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) impacts the quality of life of the affected patients. The present study aimed to determine the effects of home-based self-care program follow-up on re-hospitalization frequency and quality of life in COPD patients. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was performed on 44 COPD patients at Masih Daneshvari Hospital in Tehran City, Iran, in 2018. For collecting the necessary data, we used demographic data checklist, COPD Assessment Test, and the St. George’s Quality of Life questionnaire. We used SPSS v. 22 for analyzing the obtained data. Results: The present study revealed that the highest age frequency was in the 61-70 years age group. Moreover, the male gender had the highest frequency and most research participants had elementary school education; the highest frequency regarding the disease duration was >5 years. Besides and the hospitalization frequency was once a year. The present study findings indicated that the provided self-care program follow-up reduced the re-hospitalization frequency and increased the quality of life of the explored COPD patients (P<0.001). Discussion: The obtained results revealed that implementing a course of home-based follow-up self-care program could reduce re-hospitalization and increase the quality of life of COPD patients; thus, it is suggested that such follow-up programs be included in COPD treatment plans.
Effects of Custom-mold Insole by Medial Heel Skive Technique on Physical Function in Flexible Flat Foot
Authors:   Department of Orthotics & Prosthetics, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Bakhtiari Fahimeh , Bahramizadeh Mahmood ,   Department of Orthotics & Prosthetics, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Safaeepour Zahra ,   Department of Human Performance and Health, University of South Carolina Upstate, Spartanburg, South Carolina, USA., Vahedi Mohsen ,   Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Published: June 2021

Objectives: Flexible Flat Foot (FFF), a common foot deformity decreasing medial longitudinal arch height is often comorbid with subtalar joint pronation causing physical activity difficulties in this population. Among the orthotic insoles prescribed for improving foot function, foot orthoses with medial heel skive technique have a limited research background. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of the custom-mold insole with medial heel skive technique on physical function in FFF. Methods: Eighteen adults with FFF from the University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences students and staff participated in this study. Custom-Mold insole with medial heel skive was fabricated for all research participants. Physical function in the activities of daily living and sports was assessed by the Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM), Activities of Daily Living (ADL) subscale (ADL-FAAM), and SPORT-FAAM questionnaires at the beginning of the study and 6 weeks after. Paired Samples t-test and nonparametric tests were used to compare the collected results. Results: After 6 weeks of using the insole with medial heel skive technique, scores in both ADL and SPORTS activities were significantly improved. Discussion: Foot function improvement was not found in all of the studies assessing foot function in flat feet after using different orthotic insoles, by different questionnaires or other systems. In this study, foot and ankle function was significantly improved per FAAM questionnaire- which had highly limited use in orthotic interventions in flat feet population- using medial heel skive technique; however, further studies are required to accentuate medial heel skive technique effect on flat feet function by comparing this technique with other positive cast modifications to control the flat foot. According to the present study results, custom-mold insole with medial heel skive may improve physical function in FFF and can be prescribed in this group.
The Comparison of the Effects of Flexible vs Rigid Ankle-foot orthoses on Balance and Walking Performance in Individuals With Multiple Sclerosis: A Crossover Study
Authors:   Student Research Committee, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran., Parian Sama-Sadat , Fereshtenejad Niloufar ,   Musculoskeletal Research Center, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran., Hillier Susan ,   Innovation, IMPlementation and Clinical Translation (IIMPACT) in Health, Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia., Sadeghi-Demneh Ebrahim ,   Musculoskeletal Research Center, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Published: June 2021

Objectives: Ankle-Foot orthoses are used to minimize the impact of weakness in ankle dorsiflexion muscles. The study on different orthotic types defines the optimal design, which effectively improves the users’ mobility. This study investigated the potential benefits and risks of a Dictus-band (flexible orthotic), compared with a thermoplastic (fixed) ankle-foot orthosis on the mobility of individuals with Multiple Sclerosis (MS). Methods: Fifteen subjects with MS and dorsiflexion ankle weakness volunteered in this randomized crossover study. The study participants received either a Dictus-band or a thermoplastic ankle-foot orthosis worn on the weaker leg, compared to barefoot as the control condition. Postural stability during standing, forward reach test, timed up and go test, and walking speed in the 10-meter walking test were compared between the study conditions. Results: There were no significant differences in the postural stability and forward reach tests between study conditions (P>0.5). When the research participants used a Dictus-band, compared to the fixed ankle-foot orthosis, the time required to complete the timed up and go was significantly reduced [P<0.01; Mean±SD difference: 6.4±1.4; 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 2.7-10.2], and walking speed was increased in the 10-meter walking test (P<0.01; Mean±SD difference: 0.46±0.8; 95%CI: 0.23-0.69). There was no difference in the timed up and go and 10-meter walking test data between the barefoot and Dictus-band conditions (P>0.5). No adverse or safety events were sustained in this research. Discussion: The present study data provided initial evidence for the lack of detrimental effects of using the Dictus-band in subjects with MS and ankle dorsiflexion deficiencies.
Children With Unilateral Cerebral Palsy: A Need for Recommending Advanced Interventions in Daily Activities
Authors:   Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait., Rassafiani Mehdi , Dalvand Hamid ,   Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Rehabilitation, Tehran University of Medical sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Published: June 2021

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