bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Error-diffusion-kernel parameters for binary pattern in 1-bit fringe projection profilometry
Authors: Shan Shuo , Xu Peng , Zhang Wen , Li Ze , Liu Jintao , Wang Jianhua
Published: November 2023

In fringe projection profilometry, 1-bit processing of 8-bit raster patterns is a common method to suppress nonlinear errors in commercial projectors and realize high-speed projection in industrial projectors. In the process of generating 1-bit fringes from sinusoidal fringes, the generation of high-order harmonics is inevitable; choosing to introduce fewer high-order harmonics of the algorithm is conducive to defocus to obtain a better sinusoidal pattern. This paper proposes a method to expand the error-diffusion kernel of the conventional Floyd–Steinberg diffusion dithering algorithm from 2×3 to 3×5, which can reduce the grayscale change of surrounding pixels and generate 1-bit fringes with fewer high-order harmonics. Meanwhile, this paper optimizes the parameters of the 3×5 error-diffusion kernel and proposes the optimal parameters for this kind of diffusion kernel. The simulation results show that the fringes generated by the proposed 3×5 error-diffusion-kernel algorithms are closer to sinusoidal fringes after Gaussian low-pass filtering. The experimental results show that the accuracy of the 3×5 diffusion kernel algorithms is higher.
Self-starting mode-locking in an all-PM Yb-doped fiber laser oscillator enabled by a 3x3 nonlinear optical lossy loop mirror
Authors: Pielach Mateusz , Jamrozik Agnieszka , Krupa Katarzyna , Stepanenko Yuriy
Published: November 2023

Ultrafast fiber oscillators based on loop mirror saturable absorbers often suffer from a problematic self-starting mode-locking operation. It is usually necessary to provide an additional phase shift in the loop, guaranteeing repeatable initiation of the pulsed regime. 3x3 even splitting ratio fiber couplers have recently introduced a required phase shift in an all-fiber loop mirror architecture. Until now, mode-locking induced by a 3x3 fiber coupler has been associated only with nonlinear amplifying loop mirrors. Here, we present a self-starting ultrafast dispersion-managed all-polarization-maintaining Yb-doped oscillator that utilizes a nonlinear optical lossy loop mirror instead. We show three ways of inserting asymmetric losses in a loop via a variable optical attenuator, a fiber coupler, and a very simple lossy splice. Complete characterization of all output ports of the oscillator proves significant spectral and temporal breathing of the pulse when circulating through the net normal dispersion cavity, which can deliver nJ-level pulse energy. The system guarantees excellent stability, low noise and performance comparable to nonlinear amplifying loop mirrors while being simpler, cheaper, and providing more usable output ports with different pulse characteristics.
Constrained tandem neural network assisted inverse design of metasurfaces for microwave absorption
Authors: He Xiangxu , Cui Xiaohan , Chan C. T.
Published: November 2023

Designing microwave absorbers with customized spectrums is an attractive topic in both scientific and engineering communities. However, due to the massive number of design parameters involved, the design process is typically time-consuming and computationally expensive. To address this challenge, machine learning has emerged as a powerful tool for optimizing design parameters. In this work, we present an analytical model for an absorber composed of a multi-layered metasurface and propose a novel inverse design method based on a constrained tandem neural network. The network can provide structural and material parameters optimized for a given absorption spectrum, without requiring professional knowledge. Furthermore, additional physical attributes, such as absorber thickness, can be optimized when soft constraints are applied. As an illustrative example, we use the neural network to design broadband microwave absorbers with a thickness close to the causality limit imposed by the Kramers-Kronig relation. Our approach provides new insights into the reverse engineering of physical devices.
Coherent perfect absorber and laser induced by directional emissions in the non-Hermitian photonic crystals
Authors: Li Zhifeng , Lin Hai , Tang Rongxin , Chen Haitao , Tang Jiaru , Zhou Rui , jin Jing , Liu Y.
Published: November 2023

In this study, we propose the application of non-Hermitian photonic crystals (PCs) with anisotropic emissions. Unlike the ring of exceptional points (EPs) found in isotropic non-Hermitian PCs, the EPs of anisotropic non-Hermitian PCs appear as symmetrical lines about the Γ point. The formation of EPs is related to the non-Hermitian strength and the real spectrum appears in the ΓY direction. The PCs have been validated as the complex conjugate medium (CCM) by effective medium theory (EMT). Conversely, EMT indicates that the effective refractive index has a large imaginary part along the ΓX direction, which forms an evanescent wave inside the PCs. Consequently, coherent perfect absorption (CPA) and laser can be achieved in the directional emission of the ΓY. The outgoing wave in the ΓX direction is weak, which can significantly reduce the losses and electromagnetic interference. The non-Hermitian PCs enable many fascinating applications such as signal amplification, collimation, and angle sensors.
Omnidirectional mirror based on the aperiodic and hybrid-order aperiodic-periodic chirped multilayers
Authors: Pourmasoud Saeid , Falcone Pasquale , Moretti Luigi
Published: November 2023

We propose an innovative design of highly reflective omnidirectional mirror based on chirped-type aperiodic and hybrid-order aperiodic-periodic multilayered structures in the spectral range from 400 nm to 3000 nm that contains a larger part of solar radiation. The aperiodic sequences considered are Fibonacci (FIB) and Thue-Morse (ThMo), while a power law function has been adopted to tune the thickness of layers. The chirping functions parameters were optimized to obtain maximum averaged reflectivity over the entire angular range. The numerical calculations were performed by a recursive formula via the scattering matrix method. For all the structures, the chirping effect improved the omnidirectional properties of multilayers in terms of average reflectivity and quasi omnidirectional spectral width (q-ODW). In detail, it was revealed that the ThMo based structures provide the best performance in terms of both averaged reflectivity and q-ODW. For ThMo chirped multilayer the q-ODW reached the value of 1605 nm with incident angular span 0-60°. On the other hand, the hybrid-order structure based on ThMo shows an q-ODW up to 2500 nm. Finally, for all the investigated structures the average reflectivity reaches a value larger than 0.93 using nearly 100 layers.
Demonstration of an 800G CDM-SDM coherent PON utilizing weakly-coupled multicore fibers with CDM tributaries manipulation
Authors: Sun Lin , Zhang Luxiao , Mao Meng , Chen Bin , Xiong Junjie , Ma Lin , Li Jun , Liu Gordon , Cai Yi , Li Zhaohui , Shen Gangxiang
Published: November 2023

In this letter, we present an experimental demonstration of downstream signaling in a 16×50 Gbit/s coherent passive optical network (CPON) using the code and space division multiplexing (CDM-SDM) approach. We realize optical SDM through the utilization of a 4-core weakly-coupled multicore fiber (WC-MCF), enhancing the total available optical launch power at the optical line terminal (OLT). This enhancement significantly improves the power budget for CPONs that connect with a large number of optical network units (ONUs). At the second stage of the CPON, four CDM-assigned ONUs are connected to individual cores of the WC-MCF, thereby supporting the connectivity of up to 16 ONUs. Through experiments, we have noted substantial disparities in the downstream signaling performance among individual CDM-assigned ONUs, particularly as the capacity is increased to 800 Gbit/s. To address this issue, we have employed an innovative approach by leveraging space-time coding techniques to manipulate the CDM tributaries, to achieve a balanced reception performance for all ONUs within the CPON. We believe that the proposed CDM-SDM CPON scheme, complemented by the advanced DSP flowchart, holds significant promise for future PON systems characterized by substantial capacity and extensive connectivity.
Human dermal fibroblast subpopulations and epithelial mesenchymal transition signals in hidradenitis suppurativa tunnels are normalized by spleen tyrosine kinase antagonism in vivo
Authors: Flora Akshay , Jepsen Rebecca , Kozera Emily K. , Woods Jane A. , Cains Geoffrey D. , Radzieta Michael , Jensen Slade O. , Malone Matthew , Frew John W.
Published: November 2023

Hidradenitis Suppurativa is a chronic inflammatory disease of which the pathogenesis is incompletely understood. Dermal fibroblasts have been previously identified as a major source of inflammatory cytokines, however information pertaining to the characteristics of subpopulations of fibroblasts in HS remains unexplored. Using in silico-deconvolution of whole-tissue RNAseq, Nanostring gene expression panels and confirmatory immunohistochemistry we identified fibroblast subpopulations in HS tissue and their relationship to disease severity and lesion morphology. Gene signatures of SFRP2+ fibroblast subsets were increased in lesional tissue, with gene signatures of SFRP1+ fibroblast subsets decreased. SFRP2+ and CXCL12+ fibroblast numbers, measured by IHC, were increased in HS tissue, with greater numbers associated with epithelialized tunnels and Hurley Stage 3 disease. Pro-inflammatory CXCL12+ fibroblasts were also increased, with reductions in SFRP1+ fibroblasts compared to healthy controls. Evidence of Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition was seen via altered gene expression of SNAI2 and altered protein expression of ZEB1, TWIST1, Snail/Slug, E-Cadherin and N-Cadherin in HS lesional tissue. The greatest dysregulation of EMT associated proteins was seen in biopsies containing epithelialized tunnels. The use of the oral Spleen tyrosine Kinase inhibitor Fostamatinib significantly reduced expression of genes associated with chronic inflammation, fibroblast proliferation and migration suggesting a potential role for targeting fibroblast activity in HS.
Colonic mucosal associated invariant T cells in Crohn’s disease have a diverse and non-public T cell receptor beta chain repertoire
Authors: Konecny Andrew J. , Shows Donna M. , Lord James D.
Published: November 2023

Objectives

Mucosal-Associated Invariant T (MAIT) cells are T cells with a semi-invariant T cell receptor (TCR), recognizing riboflavin precursors presented by a non-polymorphic MR1 molecule. As these precursors are produced by the gut microbiome, we characterized the frequency, phenotype and clonality of MAIT cells in human colons with and without Crohn’s disease (CD).

Methods

The transcriptome of MAIT cells sorted from blood and intestinal lamina propria cells from colectomy recipients were compared with other CD8+ T cells. Colon biopsies from an additional ten CD patients and ten healthy controls (HC) were analyzed by flow cytometry. TCR genes were sequenced from individual MAIT cells from these biopsies and compared with those of MAIT cells from autologous blood.

Results

MAIT cells in the blood and colon showed a transcriptome distinct from other CD8 T cells, with more expression of the IL-23 receptor. MAIT cells were enriched in the colons of CD patients, with less NKG2D in inflamed versus uninflamed segments. Regardless of disease, most MAIT cells expressed integrin α4β7 in the colon but not in the blood, where they were enriched for α4β7 expression. TCR sequencing revealed heterogeneity in the colon and blood, with few public sequences associated with cohorts.

Conclusion

MAIT cells are enriched in the colons of CD patients and disproportionately express molecules (IL-23R, integrin α4β7) targeted by CD therapeutics, to suggest a pathogenic role for them in CD. Public TCR sequences were neither common nor sufficiently restricted to a cohort to suggest protective or pathogenic antigen-specificities.
Joint modeling HIV and HPV using a new hybrid agent-based network and compartmental simulation technique
Authors: Zhao Xinmeng , Gopalappa Chaitra
Published: November 2023

Persons living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have a disproportionately higher burden of human papillomavirus infection (HPV)-related cancers. Causal factors include both behavioral and biological. While pharmaceutical and care support interventions help address biological risk of coinfection, as social conditions are common drivers of behaviors, structural interventions are key part of behavioral interventions. Our objective is to develop a joint HIV-HPV model to evaluate the contribution of each factor, to subsequently inform intervention analyses. While compartmental modeling is sufficient for faster spreading HPV, network modeling is suitable for slower spreading HIV. However, using network modeling for jointly modeling HIV and HPV can generate computational complexities given their vastly varying disease epidemiology and disease burden across sub-population groups. We applied a recently developed mixed agent-based compartmental (MAC) simulation technique, which simulates persons with at least one slower spreading disease and their immediate contacts as agents in a network, and all other persons including those with faster spreading diseases in a compartmental model, with an evolving contact network algorithm maintaining the dynamics between the two models. We simulated HIV and HPV in the U.S. among heterosexual female, heterosexual male, and men who have sex with men (men only and men and women) (MSM), sub-populations that mix but have varying HIV burden, and cervical cancer among women. We conducted numerical analyses to evaluate the contribution of behavioral and biological factors to risk of cervical cancer among women with HIV. The model outputs for HIV, HPV, and cervical cancer compared well with surveillance estimates. Model estimates for relative prevalence of HPV (1.67 times) and relative incidence of cervical cancer (3.6 times), among women with HIV compared to women without, were also similar to that reported in observational studies in the literature. The fraction attributed to biological factors ranged from 22–38% for increased HPV prevalence and 80% for increased cervical cancer incidence, the remaining attributed to behavioral. The attribution of both behavioral and biological factors to increased HPV prevalence and cervical cancer incidence suggest the need for behavioral, structural, and pharmaceutical interventions. Validity of model results related to both individual and joint disease metrics serves as proof-of-concept of the MAC simulation technique. Understanding the contribution of behavioral and biological factors of risk helps inform interventions. Future work can expand the model to simulate sexual and care behaviors as functions of social conditions to jointly evaluate behavioral, structural, and pharmaceutical interventions for HIV and cervical cancer prevention.
Magnesium supplementation alleviates drought damage during vegetative stage of soybean plants
Authors: Santos Amanda Soares , Pinho Davielson Silva , Silva Alana Cavalcante da , Brito Ramilos Rodrigues de , Lacerda Julian Junio de Jesus , Silva Everaldo Moreira da , Batista Jennyfer Yara Nunes , Fonseca Bruno Sousa Figueiredo da , Gomes-Filho Enéas , Paula-Marinho Stelamaris de Oliveira , Dutra Alexson Filgueiras , Leite Marcos Renan Lima , Zuffo Alan Mario , de Alcântara Neto Francisco , Aguilera Jorge González , García José Antonio Rodríguez , Cubillas Pedro Arias , Campano Milko Raúl Rivera , Espino Alejandro Manuel Ecos , Gonzales Hebert Hernán Soto , Miranda Rafael de Souza
Published: November 2023

Our working hypothesis was that magnesium (Mg) supplementation modulates plant performance under low water availability and improves drought tolerance in soybean genotypes. Plants of Bônus 8579, M8808 and TMG1180 genotypes were grown under field conditions and subjected to three water stress treatments (control, moderate and severe stress) and three Mg levels [0.9 (low), 1.3 (adequate) and 1.7 cmolc dm-³ (supplementation)]. After 28 days of drought imposition, the growth parameters, osmotic potential, relative water content, leaf succulence, Mg content and photosynthetic pigments were assessed. In general, drought drastically decreased the growth in all genotypes, and the reductions were intensified from moderate to severe stress. Under adequate Mg supply, TMG1180 was the most drought-tolerant genotype among the soybean plants, but Mg supplementation did not improve its tolerance. Conversely, although the M8808 genotype displayed inexpressive responses to drought under adequate Mg, the Mg-supplemented plants were found to have surprisingly better growth performance under stress compared to Bônus 8579 and TMG1180, irrespective of drought regime. The improved growth of high Mg-treated M8808-stressed plants correlated with low osmotic potential and increased relative water content, as well as shoot Mg accumulation, resulting in increased photosynthetic pigments and culminating in the highest drought tolerance. The results clearly indicate that Mg supplementation is a potential tool for alleviating water stress in M8808 soybean plants. Our findings suggest that the enhanced Mg-induced plant acclimation resulted from increased water content in plant tissues and strategic regulation of Mg content and photosynthetic pigments.
Cohort profile: Data standards for cardiac rehabilitation structure and processes for the SWEDEHEART cardiac rehabilitation (SWEDEHEART-CR) registry
Authors: Leosdottir Margret , Bäck Maria , Dahlbom Lars , Ekström Mattias , Lindahl Bertil , Hagström Emil
Published: November 2023

Data standards for quality registries should be evidence-based and follow guideline recommendations. To optimally monitor quality of care, not only patient-level variables, but also centre-level variables need to be included. Here we describe the development of variables to audit the structure and processes in cardiac rehabilitation for patients after myocardial infarction, and the resulting data standards to be implemented in the Swedish quality registry for cardiac disease, SWEDEHEART. The methodology used for the development of international clinical data standards for the European Unified Registries for Heart Care Evaluation and Randomised Trials (EuroHeart) was followed. Based on national guidelines for secondary prevention, candidate variables were prepared, after which a multiprofessional expert group on cardiac rehabilitation selected key variables and assured face validity. An external reference group had the role of peer reviewing, ascertaining content validity and test-retest reliability. The process has resulted in 30 data standards to be introduced into the SWEDEHEART cardiac rehabilitation registry and administered on centre-level biannually. The data standards include measures of human resources, centre requirements and process-based metrics. Including registry variables which audit centre-level structure and processes is essential to improve benchmarking and standardize monitoring of quality of care, covering both services provided and patient outcomes.
Maternal folic acid supplementation and the risk of ankyloglossia (tongue-tie) in infants; a systematic review
Authors: Rubin Gal , Stewart Catherine , McGowan Laura , Woodside Jayne V. , Barrett Geraldine , Godfrey Keith M. , Hall Jennifer
Published: November 2023

Background

Maternal folic acid supplementation is protective against the development of neural tube defects (NTDs) in babies. However, recent public-facing communications have raised concerns about a causal relationship between folic acid supplementation, particularly after the first trimester, and ankyloglossia (tongue-tie) in infants. Non-evidence-based communications are potentially harmful because they could adversely affect adherence to folic acid supplementation, increasing NTD occurrence. This study aimed to review evidence on the relationships between maternal folic acid supplementation during preconception and/or pregnancy and the risk of ankyloglossia in infants.

Methods

We searched the databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane CENTRAL, and Scopus. We searched for observational, and interventional studies, and systematic reviews investigating the effect of maternal folic acid supplementation during preconception or pregnancy on the occurrence of ankyloglossia in offspring. The search was registered on PROSPERO on 01/12/2022, ID: CRD42022375862.

Results

The database searches yielded 93 articles. After removing duplicates and screening titles and abstracts, 26 remained. One article was judged relevant for inclusion in analyses; a case-control study that directly mentions the relationship between folic acid supplementation and ankyloglossia. This study reported that regular intake of folic acid supplements was higher in women with infants with ankyloglossia. However, this study has limitations regarding design, selection bias, and confounding, calling the findings into question.

Conclusions

Insufficient evidence exists for a relationship between folic acid supplementation and ankyloglossia. Currently, the benefits of folic acid supplementation far outweigh the risks. This must be clearly communicated to patients by their clinicians during preconception and antenatal care.
Valproic acid effects on human adipose-derived stem cell differentiation into oligodendrocytes and improved remyelination in a mouse model of Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Ghosouri Sahar , Bakhtiari Mohammad , Mitra Soleimani , Ghasemi Nazem
Published: November 2023

Valproic acid (VPA), a neuroprotective agent and inhibitor of GSK3-β, along with human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells (hADSCs) have been proposed to be potential therapeutic agents for neurodegenerative disorders. In the present study, we have assessed the effects of VPA alone or in combination with hADSCs on oligodendrocyte differentiation, remyelination, and functional recovery in a mouse model of Multiple Sclerosis (MS). These MS-model mice were randomly divided into cuprizone, sham, VPA, hADSC, and VPA/hADSC groups, with 10 mice considered a control group (healthy mice). The hanging wire test was used to measure motor behavior. To estimate the level of myelination, we performed toluidine blue staining and immunofluorescent staining for OLIG2 and MOG-positive cells. Real-time PCR was used to evaluate the expression of β-catenin, human and mouse Mbp, Mog, and Olig2 genes. Remyelination and motor function improved in mice receiving VPA, hADSCs, and especially VPA/hADSCs compared to the Cup and Sham groups (P < 0.01). Additionally, the number of MOG and OLIG2 positive cells significantly increased in the VPA/hADSCs group compared to the Cup and Sham groups (P < 0.01). The expression of β-catenin, myelin and the other oligodendrocyte-specific genes was significantly higher in the VPA recipient groups. Valproic acid can enhance the differentiation of stem cells into oligodendrocytes, making it a potential candidate for MS treatment.
Utilizing Spectral Indices to Estimate Total Dissolved Solids in Water Body Northwest Arabian Gulf
Authors: Al-Fartusi Adel Jassim , Malik Mutasim Ibrahim , Abduljabbar Hameed Majeed
Published: November 2023

Remote sensing techniques have made it possible to monitor an important parameter of water quality, total dissolved solids (TDS), more appropriately and regularly. The research aims to assess Landsat 8 OLI images' ability to expose TDS on the sea surface in Iraqi marine waters. six band combinations were employed in the correlation analysis between band values and six dissolved solids samples collected during the fieldwork in three sampling stations to determine the amount of total dissolved solids (TDS): st1, st2, and st3 in December 2014 (26,38,36.9) g.L-1 and mid-January 2022 (27.4,37.9,37) g.L-1, respectively. Furthermore, two images of the Landsat-8 OLI satellite were captured concurrently with the gathering of samples for TDS detection at the measuring stations. After atmospheric correction and the add the remote sensing indicators, the reflectance of water was extracted from satellite images and utilized to express the spectral characteristics of various TDS concentrations, since the values were (22.64, 38, 32.46) g.L-1 in 2014, and (27.5, 36.68, 38) g.L-1 in 2022.  Correlation coefficient (R2) values of 0.81, 0.96, and Pearson correlation (r) values of 0.90, 0.97 were found among field measurements and spectral data of TDS indicator 2 (SI-2) derived from green, blue, and red bands of Landsat -8 at 2014, 2022 respectively.
Beberapa Faktor Risiko Kejadian Persalinan Prematur (Studi Persalinan Prematur di RSUD Hj. Anna Lasmanah Kabupaten Banjarnegara)
Authors: Yuniwiyati Hanik , Wuryanto Moh Arie , Yuliawati Sri
Published: November 2023

Preterm delivery occurs before 37 weeks gestation. One of the causes of high infant mortality rate in Banjarnegara district in 2013 due to preterm birth (36,53%). The purpose of this study was to analyze the risk factors associated with the incidence of preterm delivery. The method used was a quantitative method with case control design. This study consisted of 69 cases and 69 controls. Samples were taken by simple random sampling. Data analysis used chi square test with α= 95%. The results showed correlation between age (OR=2,412 (1,188-4,900)), hemoglobin concentration (OR=3,514 (1,631-7,571)), mid upper arm circumference (OR=2,605 (1,200-5,656)), gestational weight gain (OR= 10,384 (4,524-23,833)), history of preterm delivery (OR=9,750 (2,790-34,071), family income (OR=6,535 (3,100-13,776)), and antenatal care (OR=7,708 (3,310-17,952)) with preterm delivery. There were no correlation between parity, body mass index pre-pregnancy, status of cigaretee smoke exposure and presence concomitant diseases. Advice for Health Service by Midwife to have a personal blood test tool to measure hemoglobin levels of pregrant women, so Midwife can check and monitor status of anemic pregnant women directly and actively provide information about the risk factors for preterm delivery, partiulary weight gain according to the recommendation from Institute of Medicine. To pregnant women should be routine to do antenatal care, so the risk factor of preterm delivery can be known as soon as possible.
Kepadatan Tikus dan Ektoparasit yang Tertangkap di Pasar Jatingaleh dan Pasar Kedung Mundu Kota Semarang
Authors: Maibang Whinda Gemaria , Martini Martini , Santoso Luthfi
Published: November 2023

: Vector borne disease remains a public health problem and potential to cause an outbreak. Rats and ectoparasite causes health problems because its existence brought many seeds of disease. There are many potentially public places to find rats in large quantities, one of which is a traditional market. The purpose of this study was to accounter density of rats and ectoparasite were found in Jatingaleh traditional market and Kedung Mundu traditional market Semarang 2014. This study was descriptive research with survey method and cross sectional design. The method of study was by trapping rats and used live trap has been mounted roasted coconut for three days. The results of the study showed in Jatingaleh traditional market were found 26 tails of rats, and Kedung Mundu traditional market were found 14 tails of rats. Trap success in Jatingaleh traditional market (8,67%) greather than Kedung Mundu traditional market (4,66%). The ectoparasites were found on the bodies of rats in Jatingaleh traditional market species of flea Xenopsylla cheopis, species of lice Hoplopleura pacifica, species of mite Laelaps echidninus, and Kedung Mundu traditional market were found species of lice Hoplopleura pacifica, species of mites Laelaps turkestanicus and Laelaps nuttalli. Specific flea index in Jatingaleh traditional market as much 0,94, while in Kedung Mundu traditional market not found flea. Specific mite index in Jatingaleh traditional market (0,3) less than Kedung Mundu traditional market (11,5). From the results of this study It can be concluded that the Jatingaleh traditional market more potentially transmit disease sourced rat than Kedung Mundu traditional market related rat density and diversity ectoparasite. Rodents control program very important to do in both markets
Hubungan Tingkat Stres dengan Keteraturan Siklus Menstruasi pada Remaja
Authors: Larasati Nabilla Alya
Published: November 2023

The menstrual cycle is a complex series of events that influence each other and occur simultaneously. The menstrual cycle can be affected by stress factors. Stress is a perception of threat or of an image of displeasure that moves, alerts or activates the organism. The World Health Organization (WHO) in 2015 stated that the problems of youth in the world are around problems regarding menstrual disorders (38.45%). Menstrual disorders that are not treated can affect the quality of life and daily activities. Menstrual irregularity affects 2-5% of women of childbearing age, a much higher number among women who are under constant stress during their cycles. Objective is to study the effect of perceived stress on cycle length, regularity and dysmenorrhea. This type of research is literature review, using one database, namely pubmed. The keywords used are stress, teenage, menstrual. After being selected, eight literatures were obtained consisting of a cross-sectional method by filling out a questionnaire.
Ohlédnutí za Velkou Prahou
Authors: Bláhová Ivana
Published: November 2023

The paper deals with the legal aspects of the establishment of the so-called Greater Prague, i.e., the merger of neighbouring municipalities with the capital of the Czechoslovak Republic in 1922. The introduction briefly outlines the efforts to merge Prague with its suburbs dating from the mid-19th century until 1918. The following section focuses on the activities of the National Assembly on the establishment of Greater Prague. In addition to the establishment and the membership of the Greater Prague Committee, parliamentary papers related to the creation of Greater Prague are described and analysed. Parliamentary papers 719 and 1216, which included government bills to merge neighbouring municipalities and settlements into the City of Prague, a bill on elections to the Metropolitan Council and a bill on the organisation and powers of the Metropolitan Council and local committees, are discussed in detail. From a comparison of the government proposals, the amendments proposed by parliamentary committees and the text of the laws adopted, it is possible to deduce the general tendencies of the relationship between the state administration and local government at the beginning of the Czechoslovak Republic. The issues of financing the establishment and operation of the new capital of Czechoslovakia have not gone unnoticed.
Nové prameny k dějinám meziválečné kodifikace občanského práva
Authors: Horák Ondřej
Published: November 2023

Materials
Harper, K. Pád Říma. Podíl klimatických změn a epidemií na zániku římské říše
Authors: Skřejpek Michal
Published: November 2023

Book review: Harper, K. Pád Říma. Podíl klimatických změn a epidemií na zániku římské říše. Přel. Petříček, J. Praha, Maraton, 2021, 406 s.
Štemberk, J. – Jakubec, I. Hotel Alcron / K dějinám symbolu českého a československého hotelnictví
Authors: Petráš René
Published: November 2023

Book review: Štemberk, J. – Jakubec, I. Hotel Alcron / K dějinám symbolu českého a československého hotelnictví. Praha: Karolinum, 2022, 156 s.
External Disruption and Creativity: When the West Looked Up to the East
Authors: Sgourev Stoyan V.
Published: November 2023

A key objective in explaining how creativity occurs and novelty is generated [may it be organized or not], is allowing for a mix of determinism and chance. One of the ways to create a disconnect between the creative act and the myriad factors bearing on it is by way of external jolts, disrupting not only routines and logics, but also structures of attention. The paper highlights the role of external disruption in novelty generation, and articulates a moderating mechanism of perceptual nature by drawing on the work of Foucault. As illustration, I discuss the “externalization” of artistic attention and the construction of counter-sites in late 19th century Western Europe by appropriating Japanese art to conceive of alternatives to academic art. I suggest that external disruptions are most consequential when they reinforce internal relational schisms.
Introduction: the limits of the explanatory potential of the alienability contrast
Authors: Rose Françoise , Van linden An
Published: November 2023

This introductory article outlines the central topic of the present special issue, viz. the contrast between alienable and inalienable possession, and how this contrast is reflected in the grammars and lexicons of natural languages. It sketches the historical background of the alienability contrast in the linguistic literature and points to a number of biases that need to be overcome in order to (1) advance our understanding of the contrast and (2) face the limits of its explanatory potential. Specifically, the present introduction, as well as the contributions to the present issue, proposes to move beyond prototypical possessive relationships (ownership, part-whole, and kinship relations), prototypical possessor categories (human possessors) as well as prototypical possessee categories (artifacts, body-parts and kin). In addition, the issue contains three contributions dealing with Amazonian languages, thus filling in an important gap in previous crosslinguistic studies on possession. The data presented in the special issue show that many morphosyntactic phenomena that have been explained in terms of the alienability contrast – or are amenable to such explanations – cannot be reduced to it, and are sometimes even better described without recourse to alienability at all. The present article thus concludes that the alienability contrast is at best regarded as a heuristic tool in exploring linguistic data, and cautions that, if used as the only explanatory principle, it could actually hamper an adequate description of the data.
Exosomal circular RNA NT5E driven by heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 induces temozolomide resistance by targeting microRNA-153 in glioma cells
Authors: Wang Renjie , Jia Ruichao , Dong Junqiang , Li Nan , Liang Haiqian
Published: November 2023

Objectives

Exosomally transferred circular RNAs (circRNAs) are critical in cancer. However, the study of exosomal circRNAs in glioma resistance remains limited. Here, we further investigated the function and mechanism of exosomal circular RNA NT5E (circNT5E) in temozolomide-resistant glioma cells (TMZ-GCs).

Methods

Exosomes were isolated from TMZ-GCs and identified by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA), and Western blotting. CircNT5E, microRNA-153 (miR-153), and heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 (hnRNP A1) levels were measured by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) in TMZ-sensitive and TMZ-resistant GCs and in treated TMZ-GCs. In addition, the colocalization of circNT5E and miR-153 was confirmed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and dual-luciferase reporter assays. Internalization of exosomes was observed by immunofluorescence staining. TMZ resistance, proliferation, and pAKTser473 protein levels were evaluated by a Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, an EdU incorporation assay, and Western blotting, respectively. In addition, tumor growth was examined using a xenograft tumor model in nude mice.

Results

We first proved that circNT5E was highly abundant in exosomes derived from TMZ-GCs. Then, we discovered that circNT5E could serve as a miR-153 sponge. Finally, knockdown of circNT5E reduced TMZ resistance and cell proliferation and downregulated AKTser473 phosphorylation by targeting miR-153 in TMZ-GCs. Moreover, our data revealed that exosomes derived from TMZ-GCs also had obvious effects on inducing the TMZ resistance and proliferation of GCs. Moreover, we revealed that the packaging of circNT5E into exosomes can be driven by hnRNP A1.

Conclusions

Collectively, our findings proved that exosomal circNT5E transferred in a manner mediated by hnRNPA1 could accelerate TMZ resistance by targeting miR-153 in GCs, indicating that exosomal circNT5E is a therapeutic target for TMZ-resistant glioma.
Enhancing methane sensing with NDIR technology: Current trends and future prospects
Authors: Fu Li , You Shixi , Li Guangjun , Fan Zengchang
Published: November 2023

This study presents an in-depth review of non-dispersive infrared (NDIR) sensors for methane detection, focusing on their principles of operation, performance characteristics, advanced signal processing techniques, multi-gas detection capabilities, and applications in various industries. NDIR sensors offer significant advantages in methane sensing, including high sensitivity, selectivity, and long-term stability. The underlying principles of NDIR sensors involve measuring the absorption of infrared radiation by the target gas molecules, leading to precise and reliable methane concentration measurements. Advanced signal processing techniques, such as single-frequency filtering and wavelet filtering algorithms, have been explored to improve the performance of the sensor by reducing noise, enhancing the signal-to-noise ratio, and achieving more accurate results. In the context of multi-gas detection, NDIR sensors face challenges due to overlapping absorption spectra. However, various solutions, including narrow-band optical bandpass filters, gas filter correlation techniques, and machine learning algorithms, have been proposed to address these issues effectively. This study delves into specific applications of NDIR sensors in various industries, such as coal mines, wastewater treatment plants, and agriculture. In these settings, NDIR sensors have demonstrated their reliability, accuracy, and real-time monitoring capabilities, contributing to environmental protection, safety, and energy recovery. Furthermore, the anticipated future trends and developments in NDIR methane detection technology are explored, including increased miniaturization, integration with artificial intelligence, improvements in power efficiency, and the development of multi-gas NDIR sensors. These advancements are expected to further enhance the capabilities and widespread adoption of NDIR sensors in methane detection applications.
Berberine Ameliorates Diabetic Cardiomyopathy in Mice by Decreasing Cardiomyocyte Apoptosis and Oxidative Stress
Authors: Sun Xiaoqiang , Li Zhuqing , Wang Li , Wang Yanxin , Lu Chengzhi
Published: November 2023

Background: Diabetic cardiomyopathy is a multifaceted complication of diabetes that lacks effective treatments. Berberine (BBR), a bioactive compound from Rhizoma coptidis, has potential therapeutic implications, but its precise role in diabetic cardiomyopathy remains to be defined.

Methods: In this study, a diabetic cardiomyopathy model was established by administration of a high-fat diet and streptozotocin injection to C57BL/6J mice. Concurrently, the mice received BBR treatment daily for a duration of 8 weeks. After the treatment period, myocardial injury, cardiac function, and the levels of oxidative stress and apoptosis were assessed.

Results: BBR significantly ameliorated cardiac dysfunction and histopathological damage caused by diabetic cardiomyopathy. This treatment also elevated serum superoxide dismutase levels while decreasing malondialdehyde levels. The anti-apoptotic activity of BBR was evidenced by a decrease in TUNEL-positive cells and the percentage of apoptotic cells, as determined by flow cytometry, in conjunction with diminished levels of BCL2-associated X protein/B cell lymphoma 2 (BAX/BCL2) in heart tissues. Mechanistically, BBR was found to ameliorate diabetic cardiomyopathy by upregulating the expression of myocardial methionine sulfoxide reductase A (MsrA) and concurrently suppressing cardiac CaMKII oxidation.

Conclusions: BBR alleviates diabetic cardiomyopathy by inhibiting myocardial apoptosis and oxidative stress through the MsrA and CaMKII signaling pathways.
Left Bundle Branch Ablation Guided by a Three-Dimensional Mapping System: A Novel Method for Establishing a Heart Failure Animal Model
Authors: He Pengkang , Jin Han , Hu Yiran , Weng Sixian , Cheng Sijing , Huang Hao
Published: November 2023

Objective: Few studies have been conducted to establish animal models of left bundle branch block by using three-dimensional mapping systems. This research was aimed at creating a canine left bundle branch block model by using a three-dimensional mapping system.

Materials and Methods: We used a three-dimensional mapping system to map and ablate the left bundle branch in beagles.

Results: Ten canines underwent radiofrequency ablation, among which left bundle branch block was successfully established in eight, one experienced ventricular fibrillation, and one developed third-degree atrioventricular block. The maximum HV interval measured within the left ventricle was 29.00 ± 2.93 ms, and the LBP-V interval at the ablation site was 20.63 ± 2.77 ms. The LBP-V interval at the ablation target was 71.08% of the maximum HV interval.

Conclusion: This three-dimensional mapping system is a reliable and effective guide for ablation of the left bundle branch in dogs.
Correlation between the Hemoglobin, Albumin, Lymphocyte, and Platelet (HALP) Score and Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Older Patients with Hypertension*
Authors: Liu Yingfang , Wang Yan , Meng Ye , Wang Qiuli , Guo Yifang
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) have emerged as significant risk factors for cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality. Inflammation and nutrition play critical roles in the development of hypertension and damage to target organs. The HALP Score, which assesses levels of hemoglobin, albumin, lymphocytes, and platelets, is an index closely associated with inflammation and nutrition, and has been demonstrated to be particularly effective in the older population. Hence, the objective of this study was to examine the correlation between the HALP Score and LVH in older patients with hypertension.

Methods: We collected and retrospectively analyzed data from 234 older patients, including clinical data, and routine blood, liver function, kidney function, and cardiac ultrasound parameters. All patients were categorized into a non-left ventricular hypertrophy (NLVH) group (n = 131) or an LVH group (n = 103). The association between the HALP Score and LVH was investigated, and potential influencing factors were considered.

Results: The LVH group had a significantly lower HALP Score than the NLVH group. Logistic regression analysis revealed that a lower HALP Score and female sex were independent factors associated with LVH in older patients with hypertension (OR = 0.944, 9.962, 95% CI: 0.910–0.979, 3.866–24.300, P = 0.002, <0.001). The area under the curve for the HALP Score in diagnosing LVH in older patients with hypertension was 0.708 (95% CI: 0.641–0.776, P = 0.002).

Conclusion: The HALP Score is significantly associated with LVH in older patients with hypertension: lower scores indicate a greater likelihood of LVH. The HALP Score has moderate diagnostic value for LVH in this population.
Changes in Cardiovascular Disease Burden in China after Release of the 2011 Chinese Guidelines for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention: A Bayesian Causal Impact Analysis
Authors: Yang Zhao , Kwok Man Ki , Schooling Catherine Mary , Liu Jing
Published: November 2023

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effects of the 2011 Chinese Society of Cardiology guidelines (2011 CSC guidelines) on the overall and subtype specific cardiovascular disease (CVD) burden in China.

Methods: We conducted a Bayesian causal impact analysis to investigate changes in the burden of CVD overall and 13 subcategories, before and after release of the 2011 CSC guidelines, by using publicly available data during 1990–2019.

Results: The 2011 CSC guidelines were associated with moderate declines in CVD mortality (5.7%; equivalent to 161 per 100,000) and DALYs (2.9%; 1429 per 100,000), but small increases in incidence and prevalence, with an approximately 1-year lagged effect. Similar impact patterns were observed for ischemic stroke, cardiomyopathy and myocarditis, and aortic aneurysm. Release of the 2011 CSC guidelines increased intracerebral hemorrhage incidence, but sharply decreased rheumatic, ischemic, and non-rheumatic valvular heart disease mortality and DALY rates. The burden of other CVD subcategories was unchanged. Health worker numbers, population size, disposable income, hospital admission rates, and crude death rates were critical contributors to CVD burden beyond the 2011 CSC guidelines.

Conclusion: The 2011 CSC guidelines decreased the burden of CVD and several subcategories. However, efforts to enhance health promotion and strengthen healthcare remain urgently needed in China.
Measuring agroecology: Introducing a methodological framework and a community of practice approach
Authors: Moeller Nina Isabella , Geck Matthias , Anderson Colin , Barahona Carlos , Broudic Caroline , Cluset Remi , Henriques Gisele , Leippert Fabio , Mills Dave , Minhaj Ameen , Mueting-van Loon Anja , de Raveschoot Stephanie Piers , Frison Emile
Published: November 2023

Over the last few years, a small but increasing number of researchers and organizations has been involved in tracking funding flows to agroecology, analyzing development assistance, climate finance, and research funds for their contribution to an agroecological transformation of food systems, including as part of the efforts to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals. This has led to the emergence of a community of practice (CoP) meeting and exchanging in a number of different forums—Financing Agroecology Civil Society CoP, the Agroecology Donor Group, and the Working Group on Financing and Investments of the Coalition for Food Systems Transformation Through Agroecology (Agroecology Coalition). In this article, we report on a process of collaboratively developing a methodological framework, using the High Level Panel of Experts of the Committee on World Food Security 13 principles of agroecology as foundation. This framework overcomes some limitations of previous methodologies for evaluating degrees of agroecological integration (including those using Gliessman’s 5 levels of food system change) and facilitates a robust qualitative assessment of projects, programs, and project portfolios with respect to their “agroecologicalness.” The framework conceives of agroecology as paradigm-shifting rather than as incremental improvements to existing food systems. It enables global comparability as well as local contextualization of each principle. While the need for this framework arose from the desire to monitor—and increase—financial support for an urgently needed transformation toward agroecology, the framework can equally contribute to the design of projects and programs, which aim to radically transform food and farming systems. It also has value as an educational tool, in specifying through statements of value and concrete examples, what agroecological work aims at. This article introduces our framework and argues for an expanded CoP approach to use it widely and share the results through the digital platform that will be developed for that purpose.