bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Internet gaming addiction – a bibliometric review
Authors: Gupta Kirti , Kumar Chanakya , Deshpande Amruta , Mittal Amit , Chopade Pallavi , Raut Rajesh
Published: March 2023

Purpose

The purpose of the study is to analyze a sample of 528 published papers over the past 11 years by conducting a bibliometric analysis. The study also aims to provide a consolidated overview of the existing literature on “gaming addiction” and presents the status of research with future directions for researchers who wish to explore and contribute to this rapidly evolving field. The descriptive statistics have been conducted through citation and co-citation analysis.

Design/methodology/approach

For the bibliometric analysis, the documents were retrieved from the Scopus database with the help of the Scopus analyzer while the VOS viewer1.6.16 software was used to analyze citations, co-authorship, etc. The literature search strategy was applied across various databases and the articles published between 2010 and December 2021 giving a total of 1,219 articles across all disciplines. Finally, 528 articles were shortlisted through the query restricted to subject areas, namely, business management, psychology, social science and multidisciplinary areas.

Findings

IGA has also been recognized by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, as one of the disorders; hence, this certainly calls for focussed efforts to understand the same and control further damage. The number of articles devoted to the study of “gaming addiction” has increased rapidly in recent years. Moreover, this study identifies some of the most influential articles in this area. Finally, this paper highlights the new trends and discusses the future research associated with gaming addiction.

Research limitations/implications

This study focusses on gaming addiction and its trends, related to researchers and country-wise contributions. This is one of the few studies to review the literature on gaming addiction by using citation and co-citation analysis. The main findings of this paper will help academicians and practitioners to improve the body of knowledge on the topic and provide an overview of promising future research avenues.

Originality/value

Internet gaming is a newly emerging area and studies related to gaming addiction are very recent. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is a unique and comprehensive overview of the leading works done in this area.
Comovements and hedging effectiveness between conventional and Islamic cryptocurrencies: evidence from the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Ali Shoaib , Yousaf Imran , Vo Xuan Vinh
Published: March 2023

Purpose

This study examines the dynamics of the comovement and causal relationship between conventional (Bitcoin, Ethereum and Binance coin) and Islamic (OneGram, X8X token and HelloGold) cryptocurrencies.

Design/methodology/approach

This study uses wavelet coherence approach to examine the time-varying lead-lag relationship between conventional and Islamic cryptocurrencies. Furthermore, the authors use BEKK-GARCH model to estimate the optimal weights, hedge ratio and hedging effectiveness in pre-COVID-19 and during the COVID-19 period.

Findings

The authors find no significant comovement in pre-COVID-19. However, the authors find significant positive comovement in conventional and Islamic cryptocurrencies at the beginning of the pandemic, and in most cases, conventional cryptocurrencies are leading. X8X and HelloGold have no/weak correlation with conventional cryptocurrencies, implying that investors can diversify the risk by making an Islamic and conventional cryptocurrencies portfolio. The authors also calculate the optimal weights, hedge ratio and hedging effectiveness using the BEKK-GARCH model. Based on the optimal weights, for the portfolios of conventional–Islamic cryptocurrencies, investors are suggested to increase their investment in Islamic cryptocurrencies during the COVID-19 than normal period. The results of hedge ratios show that hedging costs are higher during COVID-19 than before.

Practical implications

The findings of the paper offer several practical policy implications for investors, portfolio manager, Shariah advisors and policymakers pertaining to asset allocation, risk management, forecasting and diversification. Specifically, investors can maximize the risk adjusted returns of their conventional cryptocurrencies portfolio by adding some portions of Islamic cryptocurrencies. Considering the comovement is time-varying, investors/manager should adjust their investment strategies frequently. For the entrepreneurs in crypto-industry, it is advised to introduce new Islamic cryptocurrencies, as it has a huge growth potential because of their distinct features and performance.

Originality/value

This is the first study that explores the linkages between conventional and Islamic cryptocurrencies, therefore this study extends the literature of Islamic finance, stablecoins and cryptocurrencies in pre-COVID-19 and during COVID-19 period. The study results provide insights to conventional crypto investor on how to manage their portfolio during normal and turbulent period.
The viewer value co-creation process on sports live streaming platforms
Authors: Liu Haoyu , Tan Kim Hua
Published: March 2023

Purpose

The Sports Live Streaming Platforms (SLSPs) have taken centre stage in broadcasting sporting events. This study adopts the value creation sphere (VCS) model and the service dominant logic (SDL) to unpack the value co-creation process on SLSPs.

Design/methodology/approach

A case study with one of the most representative SLSPs in China, involving the netnographic approach and in-depth interviews, was conducted.

Findings

This study redefines the value co-creation spheres in the context of SLSPs and identifies four actors who contribute to viewers' value perceptions. The findings show that viewers' values can be co-created individually and collectively with other actors in both the customer sphere and the joint sphere.

Originality/value

This study extends the theoretical boundary of value co-creation into the context of SLSPs. The study findings help SLSPs managers and decision makers understand the value co-creation process to gain competitive advantages and enhance the sustainability of their services.
Assessing users-designers’ gap of perception to help design for a hybrid product domain: application to sport-health product domain
Authors: Millet Antoine , Abi Akle Audrey , Legardeur Jérémy
Published: March 2023

Purpose

Regarding industrial sports products, there is sometimes a dual sport and health meaning intended by designers. Appearances of sport products are often quite opposite to health products. Design choices made by designers can thus be misunderstood by users. This paper aims to deeper understand the perception gap between designers and users within earlier stages of the design process to limit this confusion and help designers.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors propose an approach to help designers defining the perception of a new dual and hybrid product field. The first step is to collect designers’ perception through interviews combined with card sorting. The second step is to compare the perception of designers with that of users. Comparisons are based on an agreement measure.

Findings

The approach provides a first step to evaluate the perception of a dual hybrid product field. It allows designers to extract trends and perceptions to be considered for the design of products, to consolidate and confirm their intuitions regarding the intended dual meaning.

Originality/value

The main contribution of this paper is to evaluate the perception of a new and non-defined hybrid product field presenting a duality in appearance. This approach can be used by designers either to identify trends to be considered, reinforce the intended meaning, or validate their intuitions while designing products with dual meanings before.
Does fear of failure affect entrepreneurial growth aspirations? The moderating role of institutional collectivism in emerging and developed countries
Authors: Henriquez-Daza Maria Cecilia , Capelleras Joan-Lluís , Osorio-Tinoco Fabian
Published: March 2023

Purpose

Based on social cognitive theory, this study aims to analyze the impact of fear of failure on entrepreneurs’ growth aspirations, the moderating role of collectivist institutional culture and the differences between emerging and developed countries.

Design/methodology/approach

Using the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor and the Global Leadership and Organizational Behavior Effectiveness databases for 27 developed and 15 emerging countries, and Global Leadership and Organizational Behavior Effectiveness, the authors apply multilevel model with individual-level and country-level variables.

Findings

The fear of failure has a negative impact on growth aspirations and that impact differs between developed and emerging countries. One of the main conclusions is that collectivist culture mitigates the negative impact of fear of failure on growth aspirations, and that this result is significant only in emerging countries.

Originality/value

The authors introduce a boundary condition for this study’s predictions, showing that in emerging countries, contrary to developed countries, the moderator effect of cultural context contributes to growth aspirations, despite the entrepreneur’s fear of failure.
Influence of top management team faultlines on corporate digitalization
Authors: Peng Cheng , Jia Xinyuan
Published: March 2023

Purpose

This study aims to explore whether top management team (TMT) faultlines affect corporate digitalization and what the impact mechanism is, thus effectively promoting the digital transformation of enterprises from the perspective of optimizing TMT structure.

Design/methodology/approach

This study sampled companies that were listed in China between 2011 and 2020. Using the two-way fixed effect model, it empirically tests the impact of TMT faultlines on the digital transformation of enterprises.

Findings

TMT task-related faultline significantly positively impacts enterprise digital transformation, while the bio-demographic faultline has a significant negative effect. The regulatory role played by Chief Executive Officer (CEO) power intensity in the relationship between the bio-demographic faultline and digital transformation is a negative one. The above relationship is strongly influenced by industry technical sophistication, corporate location and listing board.

Research limitations/implications

The research has promoted the development of the upper echelons theory in the context of digitalization. Moreover, it enlightens the research of digital transformation’s influencing factors and mechanisms. However, no suitable mediating variable was found.

Practical implications

This research has significant implications for managers to optimize the internal structure of the TMT according to different enterprises’ business strategies in order to establish an efficient management team.

Originality/value

This study provides a new theoretical framework for TMT’s role in enterprise digital transformation. Further, it makes a beneficial exploration of the boundary and situational conditions of their relationship.
An assessment of South African airlines’ growth in the era of Fourth Industrial Revolution technologies: the unexplored dimension
Authors: Aigbavboa Clinton Ohis , Ebekozien Andrew , Mkhize Nompumelelo
Published: March 2023

Purpose

Aerospace is a demanding technological and industrial sector. Several regulations and policies via innovative digital transformation have been integrated to impact production systems and supply chains, including safety measures. Studies demonstrated that the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) technologies could enhance productivity growth and safety measures. The 4IR role in influencing airlines’ growth is yet to receive in-depth studies in South Africa. Thus, this study aims to investigate the role of 4IR technologies in influencing airlines’ growth in South Africa.

Design/methodology/approach

This research used a qualitative research method. Primary data were compiled via 56 face-to-face semi-structured interviews with major stakeholders. The study achieved saturation. A thematic method was used to analyse the collected data.

Findings

Findings reveal the nine major factors influencing South African airlines’ growth in the 4IR era. This includes investment in ergonomics applications and research, governance is driven by 4IR, collaboration and incorporation of 4IR concepts, partnership with drone technology and high precision and efficiency with 4IR. Others are reskilling and upskilling, investment in 4IR software, policies to promote 4IR usage in the industry and policies to reduce human interface.

Originality/value

Understanding the relative significance of 4IR technologies’ role in airlines’ growth can assist critical stakeholders in promoting innovative policies and regulations tailored towards digitalised aerospace. Thus, the study contributes to strategies to improve digital innovation, airline growth and safety as components of the air travel demands in South Africa.
Relationships between foreign direct investment and official development assistance with trade-related illicit financial flows. Evidence from low- and middle-income countries
Authors: Ortega Bienvenido , Sanjuán Jesús
Published: March 2023

Purpose

This paper aims to analyse empirically the association between flows of foreign direct investment (FDI), net official development assistance (ODA) inflows and trade-related illicit financial outflows.

Design/methodology/approach

With this purpose, a linear model was estimated, using different panel-data estimators, and using a database for a sample of 49 countries spanning the period 2008–2017. The used measure of illicit financial outflows was based on the estimates by Global Financial Integrity of deliberate misinvoicing in merchandise trade.

Findings

Research findings show a significant and positive association between changes in both relative lagged net FDI flows and relative FDI outflows (as % of gross domestic product) and changes in the ratio of trade-related illicit capital outflows to total trade. However, these positive associations were only observed in the case of low-income countries. Also, the positive association of net ODA inflows on the IFFT outflows were restricted to the cluster of lower-middle-income countries.

Originality/value

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is one of the first studies to empirically estimate the association between FDI and ODA flows and trade misinvoicing at a macroeconomic level. Research findings may contribute to substantiate the concerns expressed in previous research about the potential unintended effects of aid on illicit capital flight in the case of lower-middle-income countries. They also shown that FDI flows could be an additional conduit for trade-related illicit financial flows in these countries
Manufacturer encroachment in the presence of the store-brand
Authors: Yang Jiaquan , Fang Jinyu , Su Jiafu
Published: March 2023

Purpose

This paper aims to identify the conditions under which encroachment is a viable strategy for a manufacturer to gain competitive advantage and achieve higher profitability in the presence of the store-brand.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper proposes game-theoretic models in a two-echelon supply chain consisting of a manufacturer (him) and a retailer (her), in which he distributes his national brand through the retailer, and endogenously determines whether to establish a new direct sales channel to sell the national brand when the retailer introduces her store-brand.

Findings

Analytical results show that the bar for the manufacturer to encroach the end market in the presence of the store-brand is always higher than that for him to encroach in the absence of the store-brand. Although incurring channel competition, encroaching with the national brand in the presence of the retailer's store-brand can lead to either a win-lose or win-win result for the manufacturer and the retailer. Numerical studies claim that, higher brand substitution can push down the retailer's enthusiasm to introduce her new brand. Counterintuitively, when the retailer introduces her store-brand, higher brand substitution does not necessarily push up the manufacturer's enthusiasm to respond with national-brand encroachment. When consumer preferences for the two brands are heterogeneous, a higher consumer preference for the retailer's store-brand results in the retailer's higher enthusiasm to introduce her store-brand and the manufacturer's lower enthusiasm to encroach with his national brand.

Originality/value

This study can help researchers to better understand the retailer's store-brand introduction, manufacturer encroachment and their interaction theoretically, and further provide decision support for enterprises to choose brand and channel strategies in practice.
Can trusting individuals achieve career success?
Authors: Chughtai Aamir Ali
Published: March 2023

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of trust propensity on both objective (salary) and subjective (career satisfaction) indicators of career success and investigate the mediating role of organizational identification in these relationships.

Design/methodology/approach

The sample for this study consisted of 187 Pakistani employees who were selected from three units of a large footwear company. The research hypotheses were tested through structural equation modelling.

Findings

Results showed that as theorized, organizational identification fully mediated the effects of trust propensity on salary and career satisfaction.

Originality/value

To the best of the author’s knowledge, this is the first study which has explored the effects of trust propensity on objective and subjective measures of career success. Furthermore, this paper highlights one possible pathway in the form of organizational identification through which trust propensity relates to different career outcomes.
High-speed railway and urban construction investment bond yield spreads: a quasi-natural experiment
Authors: Chen Juan , Guo Hongling , Xiao Zuoping
Published: March 2023

Purpose

This study aims to investigate how high-speed railway (HSR) development affects urban construction investment (UCI) bond yield spreads based on China’s background.

Design/methodology/approach

This study constructs a quasi-natural experiment and adopts regression analyses to empirically examine the relation between HSR development and UCI bond yield spreads. The empirical analysis is based on a Chinese sample of 15,109 bond offering observations from 2008 to 2019.

Findings

The results show that HSR development reduces UCI bond yield spreads. Mechanistic analysis shows that HSR development increases land prices and the level of urbanization, which in turn lowers the UCI bond yield spreads. In addition, the impact of HSR development on UCI bond yield spreads is more significant at higher marketization levels and lower degrees of dependence on land finance cities where UCI corporations are located.

Research limitations/implications

The results imply that transportation infrastructure improvement, such as HSR development, helps to enhance the credit of local governments and the solvency of UCI corporations and ultimately reduces the financing cost of UCI bonds.

Originality/value

This paper provides theoretical support and empirical evidence for the impact of transportation infrastructure construction on the implicit debt risks of local governments in China, which enriches the research on the “HSR economy” from a micro perspective and expands the research on the influencing factors of local governments’ debt risk.
Corporate social responsibility and international students mobility in higher education
Authors: Rasoolimanesh S. Mostafa , Shafaei Azadeh , Nejati Mehran , Tan Poh Ling
Published: March 2023

Purpose

Building upon the attribution and brand resonance theories, this paper aims to investigate the effects of perceived corporate social responsibility (CSR) in higher education institutions on brand reputation, trust, equity and loyalty.

Design/methodology/approach

The data for this study were collected from international students of one public and one private university in Malaysia. Partial least squares-structural equation modelling was applied to analyse the data.

Findings

The findings revealed very strong effects of perceived CSR on brand reputation and trust. Moreover, the results determined the positive effects of brand reputation and trust on brand equity and loyalty. Additionally, findings support the positive indirect effects of perceived CSR on brand equity and loyalty through brand reputation and trust.

Originality/value

This study provides unique theoretical and practical contributions which can inform countries how to attract international students, particularly in post COVID-19 era.
Host and parasite functional morphology jointly explain parasite specificity
Authors: Sun Syuan‐Jyun , Calhoun Siobhan K. , Duffy Meghan A.
Published: March 2023

Host–parasite coevolution is a major diversifying force. However, while the genetic determinants of host–parasite coevolution have received substantial attention, it remains unresolved how morphological adaptations contribute to host–parasite coevolutionary dynamics.

We used a well‐studied and ecologically important host–parasite system to explore morphological adaptation in host–parasite interactions. In this daphniid‐fungal parasite system, infection occurs when fungal spores puncture the host gut and enter the body cavity. Prior work found genetic differences in the parasite associated with spore size.

We studied how host gut traits, parasite spore size and host immune responses influenced the infection process. We collected parasite spores from two host species, the larger Daphnia dentifera and the smaller Ceriodaphnia dubia, and exposed both host species to spores sourced from each host.

The ability of a spore to embed in the host gut and to penetrate into the body cavity was influenced by the host species that was exposed to the parasite (‘exposure host species’) and the species from which the spores were sourced (‘source host species’). Spores sourced from D. dentifera were better able to attack both hosts, but were especially good at attacking D. dentifera. These differences likely resulted from morphological differences, with a striking correspondence between the diameter of host guts and the size of the parasite spores.

Immune responses were influenced by both exposure and source host, with D. dentifera‐sourced spores triggering a larger immune response in D. dentifera than in C. dubia. In addition, in C. dubia exposure hosts, D. dentifera‐sourced spores triggered a greater immune response than did C. dubia‐sourced spores.

Only 13.5% of hosts that had at least one parasite spore penetrate ended up with terminal infections; all but one of these infections occurred in D. dentifera hosts exposed to D. dentifera‐sourced spores.

Overall, infection was influenced by morphological traits of both hosts and parasites, with the outcome at each step of the infection process—and the likelihood of terminal infection—being determined by both the exposure host and the source host.

Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
The lignin‐degrading abilities of Gelatoporia subvermispora gat1 and pex1 mutants generated via CRISPR/Cas9
Authors: Nakazawa Takehito , Inoue Chikako , Morimoto Ryota , Nguyen Dong Xuan , Bao Dapeng , Kawauchi Moriyuki , Sakamoto Masahiro , Honda Yoichi
Published: March 2023

White‐rot fungi efficiently degrade wood lignin; however, the mechanisms involved remain largely unknown. Recently, a forward genetics approach to identify several genes in Pleurotus ostreatus (Agaricales) in which mutations cause defects in wood lignin degradation was used. For example, pex1 encodes a peroxisome biogenesis factor and gat1 encodes a putative Agaricomycetes‐specific DNA‐binding transcription factor. In this study, we examined the effects of single‐gene mutations in pex1 or gat1 on wood lignin degradation in another white‐rot fungus, Gelatoporia (Ceriporiopsis) subvermispora (Polyporales), to investigate conserved and derived degradation mechanisms in white‐rot fungi. G. subvermispora pex1 and gat1 single‐gene mutant strains were generated from a monokaryotic wild‐type strain, FP‐90031‐Sp/1, using plasmid‐based CRISPR/Cas9. As in P. ostreatus, Gsgat1 mutants were nearly unable to degrade lignin sourced from beech wood sawdust medium (BWS), while Gspex1 mutants exhibited a delay in lignin degradation. We also found that the transcripts of lignin‐modifying enzyme‐encoding genes, mnp4, mnp5, mnp6, mnp7, and mnp11, which predominantly accumulate in FP‐90031‐Sp/1 cultured with BWS, were greatly downregulated in Gsgat1 mutants. Taken together, the results suggest that Gat1 may be a conserved regulator of the ligninolytic system of white‐rot fungi and that the contribution of peroxisomes to the ligninolytic system may differ among species.
Abortion Policy in the United States: The New Legal Landscape and Its Threats to Health and Socioeconomic Well‐Being
Authors: LANTZ PAULA M. , MICHELMORE KATHERINE , MONIZ MICHELLE H. , MMEJE OKEOMA , AXINN WILLIAM G. , SPECTOR‐BAGDADY KAYTE
Published: March 2023

Policy Points

The historic 2022 Supreme Court Dobbs v Jackson Women's Health Organization decision has created a new public policy landscape in the United States that will restrict access to legal and safe abortion for a significant proportion of the population.

Policies restricting access to abortion bring with them significant threats and harms to health by delaying or denying essential evidence‐based medical care and increasing the risks for adverse maternal and infant outcomes, including death.

Restrictive abortion policies will increase the number of children born into and living in poverty, increase the number of families experiencing serious financial instability and hardship, increase racial inequities in socioeconomic security, and put significant additional pressure on under‐resourced social welfare systems.
Influences on koala habitat selection across four local government areas on the far north coast of NSW
Authors: McAlpine Clive A. , Callaghan John , Lunney Daniel , Rhodes Jonathan R. , Goldingay Ross , Goulding Will , Adams‐Hosking Christine , Fielding Kelly , Hetherington Scott Benitez , Brace Angie , Hopkins Marama , Caddick Liz , Taylor Elisha , Vass Lorraine , Swankie Linda
Published: March 2023

Conserving habitats crucial for threatened koala (Phascolarctos cinereus) populations requires rating habitat quality from a fine spatial scale to patches, landscapes and then regions. The koala has a specialized diet focused on the leaves of a suite of Eucalyptus species. We asked: what are the key regional influences on habitat selection by koalas in the far north coast of New South Wales? We addressed this question by investigating the multi‐scale factors, and within‐scale and cross‐scale interactions, that influence koala habitat selection and distribution across four local government areas on the far north coast of New South Wales. We assembled and analysed a large data set of tree selection, identified by the presence of scats, in a wide range of randomly selected 5 × 5 km grids across the region. This resulted in more than 9000 trees surveyed for evidence of koala use from 302 field sites, together with associated biophysical site features. The dominant factor influencing habitat use and koala occurrence was the distribution of five Eucalyptus species. Koalas were more likely to use medium‐sized trees of these species where they occurred on soils with high levels of Colwell phosphorous. We also identified new interactions among the distribution of preferred tree species and soil phosphorous, and their distribution with the amount of suitable habitat in the surrounding landscape. Our study confirmed that non‐preferred species of eucalypts and non‐eucalypts are extensively used by koalas and form important components of koala habitat. This finding lends support to restoring a mosaic of koala‐preferred tree species and other species recognized for their value as shelter. Our study has provided the ecological foundation for developing a novel regional‐scale approach to the conservation of koalas, with adaptability to other wildlife species.
The long unknown: Rediscovery of the long sunskink, Lampropholis elongata (Squamata: Scincidae)—After almost a decade, and after 50 years of data deficiency
Authors: Graham Kelsey A. , Mahony Stephen V. , Chapple David G. , Farquhar Jules E.
Published: March 2023

Conservation management cannot proceed in the absence of the basic ecological data necessary to develop conservation strategies for a species. Species considered Data Deficient and possibly extinct are poorly known, and are often overlooked in conservation planning. This is despite a growing body of evidence indicating that Data Deficient species are more likely to be threatened by extinction compared to well‐studied taxa. Hence, there is an immediate need to resolve data deficiency, and to search for species that are possibly extinct. Here, we conducted the first systematic search for a Data Deficient Australian skink, Lampropholis elongata (long sunskink), which prior to our study, had not been seen for approximately 9 years. A combination of pitfall trapping and active searches was used in attempt to detect the species. We rediscovered L. elongata at four sites within its known distribution on the southern edge of the New England Tablelands Bioregion in New South Wales, Australia. Our findings suggest that the species can be detected relatively easily using active survey methods, especially by inspecting tussock bases. We further highlight that areas of high canopy openness and high cover of Poa sieberiana (grey tussock‐grass) appear to be key habitat for the species.
The effect of propolis on the bond strength of composite resin to enamel after intracoronal bleaching with different bleaching agents
Authors: Arslan Soley , Balkaya Hacer , Durukan Sebahat Melike , Silici Sibel
Published: March 2023

This study evaluated the effect of propolis as an antioxidant agent on bond strength to enamel after intracoronal bleaching. A total of 160 incisors were endodontically treated. Sixteen teeth were served as control, and the remaining teeth were randomly divided into three main groups according to the bleaching agent used; group 1: Sodium perborate (SP); group 2: Carbamide peroxide (CP); group 3: Hydrogen peroxide (HP). After bleaching, the samples were divided into three subgroups; subgroup A: no antioxidant agent application, subgroup B: sodium ascorbate (SA), subgroup C: propolis (PP). After the antioxidant agents application, the sample's surfaces were washed and dried. After adhesive application, composite resin cylinders were applied to enamel surfaces using tygon tubes and a shear bond strength test was performed. The use of PP significantly decreased the bond strength of composite resin to the enamel (p < 0.05). Using propolis as an antioxidant agent adversely affects the bond strength to enamel after intracoronal bleaching.
An Efficient Data Integration Scheme for Synthesizing Information from Multiple Secondary Datasets for the Parameter Inference of the Main Analysis
Authors: Chen Chixiang , Wang Ming , Chen Shuo
Published: March 2023

Many observational studies and clinical trials collect various secondary outcomes that may be highly correlated with the primary endpoint. These secondary outcomes are often analyzed in secondary analyses separately from the main data analysis. However, these secondary outcomes can be used to improve the estimation precision in the main analysis. We propose a method called multiple information borrowing (MinBo) that borrows information from secondary data (containing secondary outcomes and covariates) to improve the efficiency of the main analysis. The proposed method is robust against model misspecification of the secondary data. Both theoretical and case studies demonstrate that MinBo outperforms existing methods in terms of efficiency gain. We apply MinBo to data from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study to assess risk factors for hypertension.
Voiding and renal function 10 years after radical cystectomy and orthotopic neobladder in women
Authors: Zahran Mohamed H. , Harraz Ahmed M. , Baset Mohamed A. , El‐Baz Ramy , Shaaban Atallah A. , Ali‐El‐Dein Bedeir
Published: March 2023

Objectives

To assess long‐term voiding and renal function (RF) changes after radical cystectomy (RC) and orthotopic neobladder (ONB) surgery in women without disease recurrence.

Material and methods

Women who underwent RC and ONB reconstruction between 1995 and 2011 were included in this study. Patients who developed disease failure or were lost to follow‐up were excluded. The study outcomes were long‐term voiding function and the incidence and predictors of RF deterioration (defined as >20% decline of baseline). Analysis was performed using the log‐rank test and Cox regression analysis.

Results

The study included 195 patients with a median (interquartile range) follow‐up of 98 (53–151) months, of whom 95 had >10 years of follow‐up. Daytime continence, night‐time continence and chronic urine retention (CUR) were identified in 170 (87%), 134 (69%) and 52 patients (27%), respectively. Among patients with >10 years of follow‐up, 82 (86%), 66 (70%) and 31 (33%) had daytime continence, night‐time continence and CUR at the last follow‐up visit, respectively. RF deterioration events occurred in 74 patients throughout the follow‐up and chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage III–V developed in 80 patients. Patients' age (hazard ratio [HR] 1.41, 95% confidence interval [CI]1.06–1.89; P = 0.02) and serous‐lined extramural tunnel diversion (HR 0.43, 95% CI 0.19–0.86; P = 0.02) were the independent predictors of RF deterioration. Among patients with >10 years of follow‐up, RF deteriorated in 46 patients (49%) and CKD stage III–V developed in 40 (42%).

Conclusion

Women surviving more than 10 years after RC and ONB maintained acceptable continence status, apart from having a higher CUR rate, compared to those followed for <10 years. However, RF deterioration developed in nearly half of them.
Use of a web‐based portal to return normal individual research results in Early Check: Exploring user behaviors and attitudes
Authors: Cope Heidi , Lincoln‐Boyea Beth , Gwaltney Angela You , Biesecker Barbara B. , Moultrie Rebecca , Alexander Amir A. , King Nancy M. P. , Check Jennifer , Corbo Allyson , Tzeng Janice , Porter Katherine Ackerman , Peay Holly L.
Published: March 2023

Early Check is a voluntary, large‐scale expanded newborn screening study in North Carolina that uses a self‐directed web‐based portal for return of normal individual research results (IRR). Little is known about participant perspectives in using web‐based portals to receive IRR. This study explored user attitudes and behaviors within the Early Check portal using three methods: (1) a feedback survey available to the consenting parent of participating infants (typically mothers), (2) semi‐structured interviews conducted with a subset of parents, and (3) Google Analytics. During an approximate 3‐year period, 17 936 newborns received normal IRR and there were 27 812 visits to the portal. Most surveyed parents reported viewing their baby's results (86%, 1410/1639). Parents largely found the portal easy to use to get results, and helpful in understanding the results. However, 10% of parents said it was difficult to find enough information to understand their baby's results. In Early Check, providing normal IRR via the portal made a large‐scale study practical, and was highly rated by most users. Return of normal IRR may be particularly amenable to web‐based portals, as the consequences to participants from not viewing results are modest, and the interpretation of a normal result is relatively straightforward.
Disability and homeschooling: Parents experiences in Kazakhstan
Authors: Mukashev Kairat , Somerton Michelle
Published: March 2023

There are several special education provisions for children with disabilities in Kazakhstan, including home education which is characterized as an alternative model of education to mainstream and private educational organizations. Hence, parents become the central figure in managing the home education process as the meeting special needs of children depends on their knowledge and experience. The present study explores parents’ experiences in home educating a child with special needs in one town outside the capital city of Nursultan. The data was collected through face‐to‐face interviews with six parents in a qualitative multiple case study design. The findings highlight the way the diagnosis of a child’s special needs impacts the psychological, social and financial dimensions of parents’ life. Moreover, the findings of the present study illustrate some of the challenges and opportunities parents experience in home‐educating their children. These include teachers’ specialised knowledge and skills, social isolation, involvement in school activities, and the provision of educational resources for home education.
Exploring young people's experiences of race, gender and socioeconomic status in relation to everyday challenges: A focus group study
Authors: Gard Helena , Enskär Karin , Ingvarsdotter Karin , Isma Gabriella Elisabeth , Mangrio Elisabeth
Published: March 2023

Reports indicate a decrease in youth mental health in Sweden but at the same time research suggests that what is interpreted as mental ill‐health could be considered everyday challenges by young people themselves. The distribution of mental health and illness among young people is uneven based on inequities related to factors such as race, gender and socioeconomic status. Sweden in particular is a country with large socioeconomic inequities in youth mental health and in school results, compared to other European countries. The aim of this study was to explore young people's experiences of the role of race, gender and socioeconomic status in relation to everyday challenges. Sixty‐five young people aged 13–15 years old were recruited by student health services and participated in focus group discussions at schools in the southernmost part of Sweden. Data were analysed by secondary analysis with deductive qualitative content analysis using Ecosocial theory of disease distribution as theoretical framework. The analysis resulted in one main theme; Navigating inequities to gain and keep social status, with three underlying themes; Guided by social norms, Negative impact in everyday life and Importance of family influence. Participants were aware and critical of norms and expectations related to race, gender and socioeconomic status. Experiences of prejudice and unfairness was both own lived experiences by the participants as well as observed through friends and classmates. Young people spontaneously identify everyday challenges related to race, gender and socioeconomic status, even when not asked directly about these issues. Conforming to sexist, racist and classist, expectations is a way to lose and gain status in a school setting. Many of the inequities discussed related to socioeconomic status and the direct consequences of having or not having money. Young people's everyday experience of inequities is important to consider in youth mental health promotion aiming to tackle health inequities. Further research is needed on those experiences and how this affects mental health.
Cognitive Science Below the Neck: Toward an Integrative Account of Consciousness in the Body
Authors: Christov‐Moore Leonardo , Jinich‐Diamant Alex , Safron Adam , Lynch Caitlin , Reggente Nicco
Published: March 2023

Our culture and its scientific endeavor direly need a holistic characterization of mind and body. Many phenomena attest to the profound effects of beliefs on bodily function (e.g., open‐label placebo's effects on chronic pain) and interoceptive systems’ role in mental processes (e.g., the emerging role of gut microbiomes in the mood). We need a mechanistic, integrative framework to account for these phenomena and generate novel predictions. Major advances have been made in understanding how the nervous system senses and regulates the body and in modeling how the brain implements the computations that subserve such activities. However, the vestiges of Cartesianism have entrained a style of thinking in which systems from the brainstem downward exist as the implementation layer of computational processes supporting sensation and behavior, rather than a complementary locus of information processing. As speakers and microphones, rather than other members of the chorus. We are thus forced to perceive well‐documented, belief‐driven phenomena like placebo, ritual, and psychosomatic disorders as mysterious obstacles or dubious allies rather than as a wellspring of potential.
Does access to water, sanitation, and hygiene improve children's health? An empirical analysis in Indonesia
Authors: Mulyaningsih Tri , Mohanty Itismita , Gebremedhin Tesfaye Alemayehu , Miranti Riyana , Widyaningsih Vitri
Published: March 2023

Motivation

Much of the world's population still lacks access to safe drinking water and sanitation, particularly people living in poverty and in rural areas. The literature suggests that lack of access to water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) contributes to poor development of young children. That further leads to inadequate cognitive stimulation, stunting, iodine and iron deficiency, and lower productivity.

Purpose

We aim to study the status of early childhood health in Indonesia by measuring an Early Childhood Health Index and to examine the role of access to safe water, sanitation, and hygiene in improving children's health using the national representative data of Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) waves 4 (in 2007) and 5 (in 2014).

Methods and approach

Our methodological approach consisted of two steps. First, we developed WASH Index and Early Childhood Health Index using polychoric Principal Component Analysis (PCA), then assessed the association between the two indices using Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression.

Findings

Overall, we found significant associations between the WASH Index and children's health status and nutritional status. The results also show that several important indicators of WASH (in particular, quality of drinking water, washing and bathing water, and sanitation) improved between 2007 and 2014. Children's access to health care and several children's health indicators also got better. Nevertheless, we still observed stable conditions or even worsening conditions in other components, namely an increase in stunting and children's morbidity.

Policy implications

This study provides evidence that access to safe drinking water, sanitation, and hygiene is essential to improve children's health status. In accordance with Government Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia number 185 from 2014, the government at the national, provincial, and district levels must accelerate the development of public infrastructure to ensure access to safe drinking water, sanitation, and hygiene for the entire population as this investment is essential to improve young children's health and reduce the prevalence of stunting in Indonesia.
Climate change increases carbon allocation to leaves in early leaf green‐up
Authors: Meng Fandong , Hong Songbai , Wang Jiawei , Chen Anping , Zhang Yao , Zhang Yichen , Janssens Ivan A. , Mao Jiafu , Myneni Ranga B. , Peñuelas Josep , Piao Shilong
Published: March 2023

Global greening, characterized by an increase in leaf area index (LAI), implies an increase in foliar carbon (C). Whether this increase in foliar C under climate change is due to higher photosynthesis or to higher allocation of C to leaves remains unknown. Here, we explored the trends in foliar C accumulation and allocation during leaf green‐up from 2000 to 2017 using satellite‐derived LAI and solar‐induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) across the Northern Hemisphere. The accumulation of foliar C accelerated in the early green‐up period due to both increased photosynthesis and higher foliar C allocation driven by climate change. In the late stage of green‐up, however, we detected decreasing trends in foliar C accumulation and foliar C allocation. Such stage‐dependent trends in the accumulation and allocation of foliar C are not represented in current terrestrial biosphere models. Our results highlight that a better representation of C allocation should be incorporated into models.
Treatment of new onset refractory status epilepticus/febrile infection‐related epilepsy syndrome with tocilizumab in a child and a young adult
Authors: Girardin Marie‐Laure , Flamand Thomas , Roignot Ombeline , Abi Warde Marie‐Thérèse , Mutschler Véronique , Voulleminot Paul , Guillot Max , Dinkelacker Vera , De Saint‐Martin Anne
Published: March 2023

New onset refractory status epilepticus (NORSE) is a rare and devastating condition occurring in a previously healthy patient. It is called febrile infection‐related epilepsy syndrome (FIRES) when preceded by a febrile infection. It often leads to intensive care treatment, including antiseizure drugs in combination with anesthetic agents, and sometimes ketogenic diet. The mortality rate is high, and severe epileptic and neuropsychiatric sequelae are usually observed. Based on the possible role of neuroinflammation, intravenous immunoglobulin, corticosteroids, and immunomodulatory treatment (anti‐IL1, IL6) can be added. We describe here a child and a young adult with FIRES, both treated with tocilizumab. We observed a rapid positive response on the status epilepticus and good tolerance, but different neurological outcomes for our two patients. Further prospective studies may be necessary both to confirm the efficacy and the safety of this promising treatment and to optimize the immunomodulatory strategy in FIRES/NORSE.
OGIF: A novel Optimized Guided Image Filter for image enhancement
Authors: Bhateja Vikrant , Yadav Ankit , Singh Disha
Published: March 2023

Image processing techniques are applied on various kinds of images such as medical images, microscopy images and remote sensing images for improving the visual qualities of these images as their credibility is questioned because of poor visibility, contrast, acquired noise etc. Image enhancement is necessary for removing the visual ailment of these images. Guided image filter (GIF) has been a suitable filter for image contrast enhancement, but the controlling parameters are taken as constant values in the conventional GIF. These control parameters vary for different kind of images; therefore, require manual tuning and adjustment which is often cumbersome, time‐consuming. The proposed work modifies the existing GIF by incorporating performance improvement in terms of optimal selection of control parameters. Thus, a novel optimized guided image filter (OGIF) is developed with the help of particle Swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. The design methodology involves contrast and edge enhancement of the images which helps in accurate detection of region of interest (ROI) as well as noise removal. OGIF automatically adjusts the value of the controlling parameters in an optimal manner on which the detection of ROI is the most dependants. Image quality assessment (IQA) of enhanced images has been carried out using measurement of enhancement (EME), peak signal‐to‐noise ratio (PSNR in dB), measure of enhancement error using entropy (EMEE), standard deviation (SD) and entropy. The incremental change in the values of EME and EMEE advocates the suitability of OGIF for contrast enhancement.