bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nuclear spin assisted quantum tunnelling of magnetic monopoles in spin ice
Authors: Paulsen C. , Giblin S. R. , Lhotel E. , Prabhakaran D. , Matsuhira K. , Balakrishnan G. , Bramwell S. T.
Published: April 2019

Extensive work on single molecule magnets has identified a fundamental mode of relaxation arising from the nuclear-spin assisted quantum tunnelling of nearly independent and quasi-classical magnetic dipoles. Here we show that nuclear-spin assisted quantum tunnelling can also control the dynamics of purely emergent excitations: magnetic monopoles in spin ice. Our low temperature experiments were conducted on canonical spin ice materials with a broad range of nuclear spin values. By measuring the magnetic relaxation, or monopole current, we demonstrate strong evidence that dynamical coupling with the hyperfine fields bring the electronic spins associated with magnetic monopoles to resonance, allowing the monopoles to hop and transport magnetic charge. Our result shows how the coupling of electronic spins with nuclear spins may be used to control the monopole current. It broadens the relevance of the assisted quantum tunnelling mechanism from single molecular spins to emergent excitations in a strongly correlated system.
Author Correction: Enabling low voltage losses and high photocurrent in fullerene-free organic photovoltaics
Authors: Yuan Jun , Huang Tianyi , Cheng Pei , Zou Yingping , Zhang Huotian , Yang Jonathan Lee , Chang Sheng-Yung , Zhang Zhenzhen , Huang Wenchao , Wang Rui , Meng Dong , Gao Feng , Yang Yang
Published: April 2019

The original PDF version of this Article contained an error in the Additional information section, which incorrectly included the statement ‘This is a U.S. Government work and not under copyright protection in the US; foreign copyright protection may apply 2019’. This has been removed from the PDF version of the Article. The HTML version was correct from the time of publication.
Proteogenomics and Hi-C reveal transcriptional dysregulation in high hyperdiploid childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Yang Minjun , Vesterlund Mattias , Siavelis Ioannis , Moura-Castro Larissa H. , Castor Anders , Fioretos Thoas , Jafari Rozbeh , Lilljebjörn Henrik , Odom Duncan T. , Olsson Linda , Ravi Naveen , Woodward Eleanor L. , Harewood Louise , Lehtiö Janne , Paulsson Kajsa
Published: April 2019

Hyperdiploidy, i.e. gain of whole chromosomes, is one of the most common genetic features of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), but its pathogenetic impact is poorly understood. Here, we report a proteogenomic analysis on matched datasets from genomic profiling, RNA-sequencing, and mass spectrometry-based analysis of >8,000 genes and proteins as well as Hi-C of primary patient samples from hyperdiploid and ETV6/RUNX1-positive pediatric ALL. We show that CTCF and cohesin, which are master regulators of chromatin architecture, display low expression in hyperdiploid ALL. In line with this, a general genome-wide dysregulation of gene expression in relation to topologically associating domain (TAD) borders were seen in the hyperdiploid group. Furthermore, Hi-C of a limited number of hyperdiploid childhood ALL cases revealed that 2/4 cases displayed a clear loss of TAD boundary strength and 3/4 showed reduced insulation at TAD borders, with putative leukemogenic effects.
In-situ electron microscopy mapping of an order-disorder transition in a superionic conductor
Authors: Heo Jaeyoung , Dumett Torres Daniel , Banerjee Progna , Jain Prashant K.
Published: April 2019

Solid-solid phase transitions are processes ripe for the discovery of correlated atomic motion in crystals. Here, we monitor an order-disorder transition in real-time in nanoparticles of the super-ionic solid, Cu2−xSe. The use of in-situ high-resolution transmission electron microscopy allows the spatiotemporal evolution of the phase transition within a single nanoparticle to be monitored at the atomic level. The high spatial resolution reveals that cation disorder is nucleated at low co-ordination, high energy sites of the nanoparticle where cationic vacancy layers intersect with surface facets. Time-dependent evolution of the reciprocal lattice of individual nanoparticles shows that the initiation of cation disorder is accompanied by a ~3% compression of the anionic lattice, establishing a correlation between these two structural features of the lattice. The spatiotemporal insights gained here advance understanding of order-disorder transitions, ionic structure and transport, and the role of nanoparticle surfaces in phase transitions.
Synergistic Mn-Co catalyst outperforms Pt on high-rate oxygen reduction for alkaline polymer electrolyte fuel cells
Authors: Wang Ying , Yang Yao , Jia Shuangfeng , Wang Xiaoming , Lyu Kangjie , Peng Yanqiu , Zheng He , Wei Xing , Ren Huan , Xiao Li , Wang Jianbo , Muller David A. , Abruña Héctor D. , Hwang Bing Joe , Lu Juntao , Zhuang Lin
Published: April 2019

Alkaline polymer electrolyte fuel cells are a class of fuel cells that enable the use of non-precious metal catalysts, particularly for the oxygen reduction reaction at the cathode. While there have been alternative materials exhibiting Pt-comparable activity in alkaline solutions, to the best of our knowledge none have outperformed Pt in fuel-cell tests. Here we report a Mn-Co spinel cathode that can deliver greater power, at high current densities, than a Pt cathode. The power density of the cell employing the Mn-Co cathode reaches 1.1 W cm−2 at 2.5 A cm−2 at 60 oC. Moreover, this catalyst outperforms Pt at low humidity. In-depth characterization reveals that the remarkable performance originates from synergistic effects where the Mn sites bind O2 and the Co sites activate H2O, so as to facilitate the proton-coupled electron transfer processes. Such an electrocatalytic synergy is pivotal to the high-rate oxygen reduction, particularly under water depletion/low humidity conditions.
Physical and optical properties of the International Simple Glass
Authors: Kaspar Tiffany C. , Ryan Joseph V. , Pantano Carlo G. , Rice Jarrett , Trivelpiece Cory , Hyatt Neil C. , Corkhill Claire L. , Mann Colleen , Hand Russell J. , Kirkham Michael A. , Crawford Charles L. , Jantzen Carol M. , Du Jincheng , Lu Xiaonan , Harrison Michael T. , Cushman Cody , Linford Matthew R. , Smith Nicholas J.
Published: April 2019

Radioactive waste immobilization is a means to limit the release of radionuclides from various waste streams into the environment over a timescale of hundreds to many thousands of years. Incorporation of radionuclide-containing wastes into borosilicate glass during vitrification is one potential route to accomplish such immobilization. To facilitate comparisons and assessments of reproducibility across experiments and laboratories, a six-component borosilicate glass (Si, B, Na, Al, Ca, Zr) known as the International Simple Glass (ISG) was developed by international consensus as a compromise between simplicity and similarity to waste glasses. Focusing on a single glass composition with a multi-pronged approach utilizing state-of-the-art, multi-scale experimental and theoretical tools provides a common database that can be used to assess relative importance of mechanisms and models. Here we present physical property data (both published and previously unpublished) on a single batch of ISG, which was cast into individual ingots that were distributed to the collaborators. Properties from the atomic scale to the macroscale, including composition and elemental impurities, phase purity, density, thermal properties, mechanical properties, optical and vibrational properties, and the results of molecular dynamics simulations are presented. In addition, information on the surface composition and morphology after polishing is included. Although the existing literature on the alteration of ISG is not extensively reviewed here, the results of well-controlled static alteration experiments are presented here as a point of reference for other performance investigations.
MHz data collection of a microcrystalline mixture of different jack bean proteins
Authors: Grünbein Marie Luise , Bielecki Johan , Gorel Alexander , Stricker Miriam , Bean Richard , Cammarata Marco , Dörner Katerina , Fröhlich Lars , Hartmann Elisabeth , Hauf Steffen , Hilpert Mario , Kim Yoonhee , Kloos Marco , Letrun Romain , Messerschmidt Marc , Mills Grant , Nass Kovacs Gabriela , Ramilli Marco , Roome Christopher M. , Sato Tokushi , Scholz Matthias , Sliwa Michel , Sztuk-Dambietz Jolanta , Weik Martin , Weinhausen Britta , Al-Qudami Nasser , Boukhelef Djelloul , Brockhauser Sandor , Ehsan Wajid , Emons Moritz , Esenov Sergey , Fangohr Hans , Kaukher Alexander , Kluyver Thomas , Lederer Max , Maia Luis , Manetti Maurizio , Michelat Thomas , Münnich Astrid , Pallas Florent , Palmer Guido , Previtali Gianpietro , Raab Natascha , Silenzi Alessandro , Szuba Janusz , Venkatesan Sandhya , Wrona Krzysztof , Zhu Jun , Doak R. Bruce , Shoeman Robert L. , Foucar Lutz , Colletier Jacques-Philippe , Mancuso Adrian P. , Barends Thomas R. M. , Stan Claudiu A. , Schlichting Ilme
Published: April 2019

We provide a detailed description of a serial femtosecond crystallography (SFX) dataset collected at the European X-ray free-electron laser facility (EuXFEL). The EuXFEL is the first high repetition rate XFEL delivering MHz X-ray pulse trains at 10 Hz. The short spacing (<1 µs) between pulses requires fast flowing microjets for sample injection and high frame rate detectors. A data set was recorded of a microcrystalline mixture of at least three different jack bean proteins (urease, concanavalin A, concanavalin B). A one megapixel Adaptive Gain Integrating Pixel Detector (AGIPD) was used which has not only a high frame rate but also a large dynamic range. This dataset is publicly available through the Coherent X-ray Imaging Data Bank (CXIDB) as a resource for algorithm development and for data analysis training for prospective XFEL users.
Delivery of multiple ecosystem services in pasture by shelter created from the hybrid sterile bioenergy grass Miscanthus x giganteus
Authors: Littlejohn Christopher P. , Hofmann Rainer W. , Wratten Stephen D.
Published: April 2019

The benefits of shelter in increasing crop yields and accelerating ripening has been well researched in fruit, arable and horticultural crops. Its benefits to pasture, despite its importance for livestock production, is less well researched. In this work, Miscanthus shelterbelts were established on an intensively irrigated dairy farm. Seven key ecosystem services associated with these belts were identified and quantified. Pasture yield and quality were recorded in Miscanthus-sheltered and control field boundaries with little shelter. Pasture yield increased by up to 14% in the sheltered areas downwind of Miscanthus. Pasture quality was equivalent in the sheltered and open areas. Miscanthus provided more favourable nesting sites for bumblebees and for New Zealand endemic lizards (skinks) compared to field boundaries. The sheltered areas also had higher mineralisation rates of organic matter and higher numbers of earthworms. Using a high-yielding sterile grass such as Miscanthus to deliver a wide range of ecosystem services also produced a bioenergy feedstock. In conclusion, full benefits of shelterbelts to the farming system cannot be fully assessed unless direct and indirect benefits are properly assessed, as in this work.
Characterization of transgenic mouse lines for labeling type I and type II afferent neurons in the cochlea
Authors: Vyas Pankhuri , Wu Jingjing Sherry , Jimenez Adrian , Glowatzki Elisabeth , Fuchs Paul Albert
Published: April 2019

The cochlea is innervated by type I and type II afferent neurons. Type I afferents are myelinated, larger diameter neurons that send a single dendrite to contact a single inner hair cell, whereas unmyelinated type II afferents are fewer in number and receive input from many outer hair cells. This strikingly differentiated innervation pattern strongly suggests specialized functions. Those functions could be investigated with specific genetic markers that enable labeling and manipulating each afferent class without significantly affecting the other. Here three mouse models were characterized and tested for specific labeling of either type I or type II cochlear afferents.Nos1CreERmice showed selective labeling of type I afferent fibers,Slc6a4-GFPmice labeled type II fibers with a slight preference for the apical cochlea, andDrd2-Cremice selectively labeled type II afferent neurons nearer the cochlear base. In conjunction with theTh2A-CreERandCGRPα-EGFPlines described previously for labeling type II fibers, the mouse lines reported here comprise a promising toolkit for genetic manipulations of type I and type II cochlear afferent fibers.
All-Optical Rotational Ultrasound Imaging
Authors: Colchester Richard J. , Little Callum , Dwyer George , Noimark Sacha , Alles Erwin J. , Zhang Edward Z. , Loder Christopher D. , Parkin Ivan P. , Papakonstantinou Ioannis , Beard Paul C. , Finlay Malcolm C. , Rakhit Roby D. , Desjardins Adrien E.
Published: April 2019

Miniaturised high-resolution imaging devices are valuable for guiding minimally invasive procedures such as vascular stent placements. Here, we present all-optical rotational B-mode pulse-echo ultrasound imaging. With this device, ultrasound transmission and reception are performed with light. The all-optical transducer in the probe comprised an optical fibre that delivered pulsed excitation light to an optical head at the distal end with a multi-walled carbon nanotube and polydimethylsiloxane composite coating. This coating was photoacoustically excited to generate a highly directional ultrasound beam perpendicular to the optical fibre axis. A concave Fabry-Pérot cavity at the distal end of an optical fibre, which was interrogated with a tuneable continuous-wave laser, served as an omnidirectional ultrasound receiver. The transmitted ultrasound had a −6 dB bandwidth of 31.3 MHz and a peak-to-peak pressure of 1.87 MPa, as measured at 1.5 mm from the probe. The receiver had a noise equivalent pressure <100 Pa over a 20 MHz bandwidth. With a maximum outer probe diameter of 1.25 mm, the probe provided imaging with an axial resolution better than 50 µm, and a real-time imaging rate of 5 frames per second. To investigate the capabilities of the probe, intraluminal imaging was performed in healthy swine carotid arteries. The results demonstrate that the all-optical probe is viable for clinical rotational ultrasound imaging.
New type of interaction between the SARAH domain of the tumour suppressor RASSF1A and its mitotic kinase Aurora A
Authors: Szimler T. , Gráczer É. , Györffy D. , Végh B. , Szilágyi A. , Hajdú I. , Závodszky P. , Vas M.
Published: April 2019

The tumour suppressor protein RASSF1A is phosphorylated by Aurora A kinase, thereby impairing its tumour suppressor function. Consequently, inhibiting the interaction between Aurora A and RASSF1A may be used for anti-tumour therapy. We used recombinant variants of RASSF1A to map the sites of interaction with Aurora A. The phosphorylation kinetics of three truncated RASSF1A variants has been analysed. Compared to the RASSF1A form lacking the 120 residue long N-terminal part, the Km value of the phosphorylation is increased from 10 to 45 μM upon additional deletion of the C-terminal SARAH domain. On the other hand, deletion of the flexible loop (Δ177–197) that precedes the phosphorylation site/s (T202/S203) results in a reduction of the kcat value from about 40 to 7 min−1. Direct physical interaction between the isolated SARAH domain and Aurora A was revealed by SPR. These data demonstrate that the SARAH domain of RASSF1A is involved in the binding to Aurora A kinase. Structural modelling confirms that a novel complex is feasible between the SARAH domain and the kinase domain of Aurora A. In addition, a regulatory role of the loop in the catalytic phosphorylation reaction has been demonstrated both experimentally and by structural modelling.
Toxicological testing of allogeneic secretome derived from peripheral mononuclear cells (APOSEC): a novel cell-free therapeutic agent in skin disease
Authors: Wuschko Silvio , Gugerell Alfred , Chabicovsky Monika , Hofbauer Helmut , Laggner Maria , Erb Michael , Ostler Tobias , Peterbauer Anja , Suessner Susanne , Demyanets Svitlana , Leuschner Jost , Moser Bernhard , Mildner Michael , Ankersmit Hendrik J.
Published: April 2019

A cell-free approach using secretomes derived from stem cells or peripheral blood mononuclear cells is an active area of regenerative medicine that holds promise for therapies. Regulatory authorities classify these secretomes as biological medicinal products, and non- clinical safety assessment thus falls under the scope of ICH S6. A secretome of stressed peripheral blood mononuclear cells (APOSEC) was successfully tested in a toxicology program, supporting clinical use of the new drug candidate. Here, to allow for topical, dermal treatment of patients with diabetic foot ulcer, several non-clinical safety studies were performed. Acute toxicity (single dose) and neuropharmacological screening were tested intravenously in a rat model. Risk for skin sensitisation was tested in mice. A 4-week intravenous toxicity study in mice and a 4-week subcutaneous toxicity study in minipigs were conducted to cover the clinical setting and application in a rodent and a non-rodent model. Acute and repeated-dose toxicity studies show that APOSEC administered intravenously and subcutaneously does not involve major toxicities or signs of local intolerance at levels above the intended total human maximal dose of 3.3 U/kg/treatment, 200 U/wound/treatment, and 100 U/cm2/treatment. The non-clinical data support the safe topical use of APOSEC in skin diseases related to deficient wound healing.
Radial heterojunction based on single ZnO-CuxO core-shell nanowire for photodetector applications
Authors: Costas Andreea , Florica Camelia , Preda Nicoleta , Apostol Nicoleta , Kuncser Andrei , Nitescu Andrei , Enculescu Ionut
Published: April 2019

ZnO-CuxO core-shell radial heterojunction nanowire arrays were fabricated by a straightforward approach which combine two simple, cost effective and large-scale preparation methods: (i) thermal oxidation in air of a zinc foil for obtaining ZnO nanowire arrays and (ii) radio frequency magnetron sputtering for covering the surface of the ZnO nanowires with a CuxO thin film. The structural, compositional, morphological and optical properties of the high aspect ratio ZnO-CuxO core-shell nanowire arrays were investigated. Individual ZnO-CuxO core-shell nanowires were contacted with Pt electrodes by means of electron beam lithography technique, diode behaviour being demonstrated. Further it was found that these n-p radial heterojunction diodes based on single ZnO-CuxO nanowires exhibit a change in the current under UV light illumination and therefore behaving as photodetectors.
Assessment of Early Therapeutic Response to Nitroxoline in Temozolomide-Resistant Glioblastoma by Amide Proton Transfer Imaging: A Preliminary Comparative Study with Diffusion-weighted Imaging
Authors: Kumari Nisha , Thakur Nishant , Cho Hye Rim , Choi Seung Hong
Published: April 2019

Amide proton transfer (APT) imaging is a novel molecular MRI technique to detect endogenous mobile proteins and peptides through chemical exchange saturation transfer. In this preliminary study, the purpose was to evaluate the feasibility of APT imaging in monitoring the early therapeutic response to nitroxoline (NTX) in a temozolomide (TMZ)-resistant glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) mouse model, which was compared with diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI). Here, we prepared TMZ-resistant GBM mouse model (n = 12), which were treated with 100 mg/kg/day of NTX (n = 4) or TMZ (n = 4), or saline (n = 4) for 7 days for the evaluation of short-term treatment by using APT imaging and DWI sequentially. The APT signal intensities and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values were calculated and compared before and after treatment. Moreover, immunohistological analysis was also employed for the correlation between APT imaging and histopathology. The association between the APT value and Ki-67 labeling index was evaluated by using simple linear regression analysis. The short-term NTX treatment resulted in significant decrease in APT value as compared to untreated and TMZ group, in which APT signals were increased. However, we did not observe significantly increased mean ADC value following short-term NTX treatment. The Ki-67 labeling index shows a correlation with APT value. APT imaging could show the earlier response to NTX treatment as compared to ADC values in a TMZ-resistant mouse model. We believe that APT imaging can be a useful imaging biomarker for the early therapeutic evaluation in GBM patients.
Frequency and voltage response of a wind-driven fluttering triboelectric nanogenerator
Authors: Olsen Martin , Zhang Renyun , Örtegren Jonas , Andersson Henrik , Yang Ya , Olin Håkan
Published: April 2019

Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG:s) are used as efficient energy transducers in energy harvesting converting mechanical energy into electrical energy. Wind is an abundant source of mechanical energy but how should a good triboelectric wind harvester be designed? We have built and studied a TENG driven by air flow in a table-top sized wind tunnel. Our TENG constitutes of a plastic film of size 10 cm × 2 cm which is fluttering between two copper electrodes generating enough power to light up a battery of LED:s. We measured the voltage and frequency of fluttering at different wind speeds from zero up to 8 m/s for three electrode distances 6 mm, 10 mm and 14 mm. We found that the frequency increases linearly with the wind speed with a cutoff at some low speed. Power was generated already at 1.6 m/s. We seem to be able to explain the observed frequency dependence on wind speed by assuming excitation of the film into different harmonics in response to von Kármán vortices. We also find that the voltage increase linearly with frequency. We anticipate that TENG:s of this design could be useful both as generators and speed sensors because they work at low air speeds.
Differential influence of molybdenum disulfide at the nanometer and micron scales in the intestinal metabolome and microbiome of mice
Authors: Wu Bing , Chen Ling , Wu Xiaomei , Hou Hui , Wang Zhizhi , Liu Su
Published: April 2019

The molybdenum disulfide at the nanometer and micron scales induced the intestinal toxicity by the different toxic pathways.
Label-free manipulation via the magneto-Archimedes effect: fundamentals, methodology and applications
Authors: Gao Qiu-Hua , Zhang Wen-Ming , Zou Hong-Xiang , Li Wen-Bo , Yan Han , Peng Zhi-Ke , Meng Guang
Published: April 2019

This review focuses on the fundamentals and state-of-the-art label-free manipulation techniques based on the magneto-Archimedes effect.
Physical vapor deposition (PVD): a method to fabricate modified g-C3N4 sheets
Authors: Sun Xiaohui , An Xianghui , Zhang Sa , Li Zhongtao , Zhang Jing , Wu Wenting , Wu Mingbo
Published: April 2019

We develop a method of physical vapor deposition (PVD) to fabricate modified g-C3N4 sheets with abundant defects.
Solid phase microextraction coupled to mass spectrometryviaa microfluidic open interface for rapid therapeutic drug monitoring
Authors: Looby Nikita T. , Tascon Marcos , Acquaro Vinicius R. , Reyes-Garcés Nathaly , Vasiljevic Tijana , Gomez-Rios German Augusto , Wąsowicz Marcin , Pawliszyn Janusz
Published: April 2019

Tranexamic acid (TXA) is an antifibrinolytic used during cardiac surgery that presents high inter-patient variability.
A hemin-functionalized GroEL nanocage as an artificial peroxidase and its application in chromogenic detection
Authors: Wang Xiaoqiang , Sun Haiyan , Liu Chengkun , Wang Chao
Published: April 2019

Following an inspiration from the chemistry of protein nanocages in nature, we evaluated the performance of a hemin-functionalized GroEL nanocage as peroxidase mimics for chromogenic detection.
A novel acetylcholinesterase biosensor based on gold nanoparticles obtained by electroless plating on three-dimensional graphene for detecting organophosphorus pesticides in water and vegetable samples
Authors: Dong Pei , Jiang Bin , Zheng Jianbin
Published: April 2019

In this study, a novel acetylcholinesterase (AChE) biosensor for the detection of organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) was developed based on a film of gold nanoparticles/three-dimensional graphene (AuNPs/rGO).
On-surface synthesis of nitrogen-doped nanographenes with 5–7 membered rings
Authors: Skidin Dmitry , Eisenhut Frank , Richter Marcus , Nikipar Seddigheh , Krüger Justus , Ryndyk Dmitry A. , Berger Reinhard , Cuniberti Gianaurelio , Feng Xinliang , Moresco Francesca
Published: April 2019

Nitrogen-doped nanographenes containing five- and seven-membered rings obtained by cyclodehydrogenation on Au(111).
Simple alkanoyl acylating agents for reversible RNA functionalization and control
Authors: Park Hyun Shin , Kietrys Anna M. , Kool Eric T.
Published: April 2019

Azidoalkanoyl imidazole agents that superstoichiometrically acylate 2′-hydroxy groups on RNA are developed for reversible RNA functionalization and control.
Visible-light-driven copper-catalyzed aerobic oxidative cascade cyclization of N-tosylhydrazones and terminal alkynes: regioselective synthesis of 3-arylcoumarins
Authors: Ragupathi Ayyakkannu , Sagadevan Arunachalam , Charpe Vaibhav Pramod , Lin Chun-Cheng , Hwu Jih-Ru , Hwang Kuo Chu
Published: April 2019

An intuitive visible-light-driven copper-catalyzed process can accomplish regioselective functionalized 3-arylcoumarins via oxidative annulation of simple N-tosylhydrazones with terminal alkynes under O2 (1 atm.) at room temperature.
Fully alternating sustainable polyesters from epoxides and cyclic anhydrides: economical and metal-free dual catalysis
Authors: Lin Limiao , Liang Jiaxin , Xu Yonghang , Wang Shuanjin , Xiao Min , Sun Luyi , Meng Yuezhong
Published: April 2019

A sustainable and effective catalyst system of (thio)ureas/organic bases toward synthesizing sustainable polyesters from renewable monomers.
Highly sensitive and room temperature detection of ultra-low concentrations of O3 using self-powered sensing elements of Cu2O nanocubes
Authors: Petromichelaki E. , Gagaoudakis E. , Moschovis K. , Tsetseris L. , Anthopoulos T. D. , Kiriakidis G. , Binas V.
Published: April 2019

The fundamental development of the design of novel self-powered ozone sensing elements, operating at room temperature, based on p-type metal oxides paves the way to a new class of low cost, highly promising gas sensing devices.
Theory-guided materials design: two-dimensional MXenes in electro- and photocatalysis
Authors: Handoko Albertus D. , Steinmann Stephan N. , Seh Zhi Wei
Published: April 2019

A critical review on how theory-guided materials design can enhance MXene based catalyst discovery and development process.
Carbon rings decorated with group 14 elements: new aromatic clusters containing planar tetracoordinate carbon
Authors: Yañez Osvaldo , Vásquez-Espinal Alejandro , Báez-Grez Rodrigo , Rabanal-León Walter A. , Osorio Edison , Ruiz Lina , Tiznado William
Published: April 2019

A simple and chemically intuitive approach is used to design ptC-containing E–C clusters (E = Si–Pb).
Synthesis of 4-styrylcoumarinsviaFeCl3-promoted cascade reactions of propargylamines with β-keto esters
Authors: Yan Li-Qin , Cai Xiaoting , He Xinwei , Wang Hui , Xie Mengqing , Zuo Youpeng , Shang Yongjia
Published: April 2019

A versatile and highly regioselective FeCl3-promoted tandem cyclization reaction ofin situgenerated alkynylo-quinone methides (o-AQMs) with β-keto esters has been developed.
Triply responsive coumarin-based microgels with remarkably large photo-switchable swelling
Authors: Lu Dongdong , Zhu Mingning , Wu Shanglin , Wang Wenkai , Lian Qing , Saunders Brian R.
Published: April 2019

Using two different wavelengths of UV light enables remarkably strong photo-switchable swelling of pH- and temperature-responsive microgels and photo-release of doxorubicin.
Total synthesis of pyrano[3,2-e]indole alkaloid fontanesine B by a double cyclization strategy
Authors: Itoh Tomoki , Chiba Yuusuke , Kawaguchi Shunsuke , Koitaya Yuki , Yoneta Yuuma , Yamada Koji , Abe Takumi
Published: April 2019

The regioselective synthesis of pyrano[3,2-e]indole alkaloid fontanesine B have been accomplished by C4 Pictet–Spengler cyclization and Bischler–Napieralski-type cyclization of a trichloromethyl carbamate.
Photoelectrochemical water oxidation of GaP1−xSbx with a direct band gap of 1.65 eV for full spectrum solar energy harvesting
Authors: Alqahtani Mahdi , Sathasivam Sanjayan , Chen Lipin , Jurczak Pamela , Piron Rozenn , Levallois Christophe , Létoublon Antoine , Léger Yoan , Boyer-Richard Soline , Bertru Nicolas , Jancu Jean–Marc , Cornet Charles , Wu Jiang , Parkin Ivan P.
Published: April 2019

Hydrogen produced using artificial photosynthesis, i.e. water splitting, is a promising energy alternative to fossil fuels.
Regulating genome editing technologies: a comparison of expert recommendations in the U.K. and in the U.S.A.
Authors: Iacomussi Sofia
Published: April 2019

The present paper aims to inform the bioethical debate on the regulation of human genome editing technologies with a specific focus on the role of scientific experts and their interactions with the general public in the formulation of policy. It reviews and compares two of the major contributions to this debate in the U.K. and in the U.S.A., comparing expert approaches towards regulation on genome editing technologies. The results of this analysis offer important lessons that should be appreciated in building an international regulatory framework. On the basis of these results, I conclude that the experts should embrace a socially responsible approach and encourage active public engagement.
Treatment Targets for Co-Occurring Speech-Language Impairment: A Case Study
Authors: Combiths Philip N. , Barlow Jessica A. , Richard Jennifer Taps , Pruitt-Lord Sonja L.
Published: April 2019

Purpose

The intersection of speech and language impairments is severely understudied. Despite repeatedly documented overlap and co-occurrence, treatment research for children with combined phonological and morphosyntactic deficits is limited. Especially, little is known about optimal treatment targets for combined phonological–morphosyntactic intervention. We offer a clinically focused discussion of the existing literature pertaining to interventions for children with combined deficits and present a case study exploring the utility of a complex treatment target in word-final position for co-occurring speech and language impairment.

Method

Within a school setting, a kindergarten child (aged 5;2 [years;months]) with co-occurring phonological disorder and developmental language disorder received treatment targeting a complex consonant cluster in word-final position inflected with 3rd-person singular morphology.

Results

For this child, training a complex consonant cluster in word-final position resulted in generalized learning to untreated consonants and clusters across word positions. However, morphological generalization was not demonstrated consistently across measures.

Conclusions

These preliminary findings suggest that training complex phonology in word-final position can result in generalized learning to untreated phonological targets. However, limited improvement in morphology and word-final phonology highlights the need for careful monitoring of cross-domain treatment outcomes and additional research to identify the characteristics of treatment approaches, techniques, and targets that induce cross-domain generalization learning in children with co-occurring speech-language impairment.
Deployment model of wireless sensors having not similar sensing ranges on roads in framework of hybrid sensors and vehicular networks improve the road safety
Authors: Bensiradj Taha , Moussaoui Samira
Published: April 2019

Among of the main searching field, the coverage and the connectivity of wireless sensors networks (WSNs) on the roads. The purpose of this field is tried to find a deployment model of WSNs ensuring full coverage of the roads and allowing full connectivity between sensors while using a minimum number of sensors. This deployment model allows sharing of the data collated by the WSN with the vehicular ad hoc network. The collaboration between the two networks is called hybrid sensors and vehicular networks. This hybrid network has been created to improve the road safety. The first key of success of this network is the creation of a deployment model of sensors on roads. Authors’ article aims to create this deployment model. To make authors’ deployment model closer as much as possible to the real environment, the authors have proposed a set of models and algorithms allowing assignment the sensors on the roads. These sensors have not similar sensing ranges, and their deployment has been made on roads having different geometric models. The results obtained prove the reliability of authors’ deployment model.
Using ALMA to resolve the nature of the early star-forming large-scale structure PLCK G073.4−57.5
Authors: Kneissl Rüdiger , del Carmen Polletta Maria , Martinache Clement , Hill Ryley , Clarenc Benjamin , Dole Herve A. , Nesvadba Nicole P. H. , Scott Douglas , Béthermin Matthieu , Frye Brenda , Giard Martin , Lagache Guilaine , Montier Ludovic
Published: April 2019

Galaxy clusters at high redshift are key targets for understanding matter assembly in the early Universe, yet they are challenging to locate. A sample of more than 2000 high-z candidate structures has been found using Planck’s all-sky submillimetre maps, and a sub-set of 234 have been followed up with Herschel-SPIRE, which showed that the emission can be attributed to large overdensities of dusty star-forming galaxies. As a next step, we need to resolve and characterise the individual galaxies giving rise to the emission seen by Planck and Herschel, and to find out whether they constitute the progenitors of present-day, massive galaxy clusters. Thus, we targeted the eight brightest Herschel-SPIRE sources in the centre of the Planck peak PLCK G073.4−57.5 using ALMA at 1.3 mm, and complemented these observations with multi-wavelength data from Spitzer-IRAC, CFHT-WIRCam in the J and Ks bands, and JCMT’s SCUBA-2 instrument. We detected a total of 18 millimetre galaxies brighter than 0.3 mJy within the 2.4 arcmin2 ALMA pointings, corresponding to an ALMA source density 8–30 times higher than average background estimates and larger than seen in typical “proto-cluster” fields. We were able to match all but one of the ALMA sources to a near infrared (NIR) counterpart. The four most significant SCUBA-2 sources are not included in the ALMA pointings, but we find an 8σ stacking detection of the ALMA sources in the SCUBA-2 map at 850 μm. We derive photometric redshifts, infrared (IR) luminosities, star-formation rates (SFRs), stellar masses (ℳ), dust temperatures, and dust masses for all of the ALMA galaxies. Photometric redshifts identify two groups each of five sources, concentrated around z  ≃  1.5 and 2.4. The two groups show two “red sequences”, that is similar near-IR [3.6]  −  [4.5] colours and different J  −  Ks colours. The majority of the ALMA-detected galaxies are on the SFR versus ℳ main sequence (MS), and half of the sample is more massive than the characteristic ℳ* at the corresponding redshift. We find that the z  ≃  1.5 group has total SFR = 840−100+120 M⊙ yr−1 and ℳ = 5.8−2.4+1.7 × 1011 M⊙, and that the z  ≃  2.4 group has SFR = 1020−170+310 M⊙ yr−1 and ℳ = 4.2−2.1+1.5 × 1011 M⊙, but the latter group is more scattered in stellar mass and around the MS. Serendipitous CO line detections in two of the galaxies appear to match their photometric redshifts at z  =  1.54. We performed an analysis of star-formation efficiencies (SFEs) and CO- and mm-continuum-derived gas fractions of our ALMA sources, combined with a sample of 1 <  z <  3 cluster and proto-cluster members, and observed trends in both quantities with respect to stellar masses and in comparison to field galaxies.
The ideas of A.M. Baldin on overcoming the reductionism principle in relativistic physics
Authors: Baldin Anton A.
Published: April 2019

The reductionism principle and the role of the Standard Model in the general paradigm of modern physics are discussed. The structure of the laws of nature is considered based on the idea of symmetry. The criteria of applicability of variables used for description of relativistic nuclear collisions and the ideas of A. M. Baldin on the notion “elementary particle” are discussed. Particle production is considered using the main parameter of the Lobachevsky geometry, the angle of parallelism.
Quark correlations in the ground and excited nucleon states via the photo-absorption sum rules
Authors: Gerasimov Sergo
Published: April 2019

The account of the dynamical correlations of quarks composing the nucleons is necessary for relevant description of nucleon and nuclear interactions. The present work is devoted to the use of the technique of known integral sum rules for the cross-sections and amplitude of the photo-hadron processes. In particular, a kind of the visual representation and quantification of the valence quark correlation characteristics referring to the photo-excitation of the nucleon resonances can be presented.
CMS: Physics overview
Authors: Alexakhin Vadim
Published: April 2019

An overview of physics results from the CMS experiment at the LHC is given. The present analysis is based on data obtained for colliding proton beams at the c.m. energies of $\rad{}{s} = 8$ and 13 TeV over the period of LHC Run-1 and Run-2.

New unique data on interactions of Standard Model particles at record energies were obtained in the course of the first run of LHC operation. The Higgs boson was discovered, and investigation of its properties was initiated. Measurements were performed for Standard Model processes, including rare and one previously unobserved. This allowed one to refine some parameters of the Standard Model and set limits on the parameters of some theoretical models beyond the Standard Model, for example, on the masses of new particles, the fundamental energy scales, the coupling constants, and the cross sections for the new particles production.
Δ-Isobar contribution to the pion production in the reaction pp → {pp}sπ0
Authors: Uzikov Yuriy
Published: April 2019

ANKE@COSY data on the cross section of the reaction pp → {pp}sπ0, where {pp}s is the proton pair in the 1S 0 state at small excitation energy Epp = 0 – 3 MeV, obtained at beam energies 0.5 - 2.0 GeV are analyzed within the one-pion exchange model. The model involves the subprocess π0 p → π0 p and accounts for the final state pp-interaction. A broad maximum observed in the cross section of the reaction pp → {pp}sπ0 at 0.5 - 1.4 GeV in the forward direction is explained by this model as a dominant contribution of the isospin $\cfrac{3}{2}$ in the π0 p-scattering. The second bump in data at 2 GeV is underpredicted within this model by one order of magnitude. An explicit excitation of the Δ(1232)-isobar using the box-diagram is also considered in the region of the first maximum.
Fully solvable mathematical scheme in finding out the right mass and width values of f0(500) and ρ0(770) mesons
Authors: Dubnicka Stanislav , Dubnickova Anna Zuzana
Published: April 2019

Starting from the phase representations with one subtraction of the pion scalar-isoscalar and vector-isovector charged pion electromagnetic form factor and exploiting the most accurate information on the S-wave isoscalar and the P-wave isovector ππ scattering phase shifts, respectively, to be obtained from the existing inaccurate experimental data by means of the Garcia- Kamiński-Peláez-Yndurain Roy-like equations with an imposed crossing symmetry condition, in the framework of the so-called “fully solvable mathematical scheme” the most reliable values of the f0(500) and ρ0(770) meson mass and width are found.
Simulation of neutron production in hadron-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus interactions in Geant4
Authors: Galoyan Aida , Ribon Alberto , Uzhinsky Vladimir
Published: April 2019

Studying experimental data obtained at ITEP [1] on neutron production in interactions of protons with various nuclei in the energy range from 747 MeV up to 8.1 GeV, we have found that slow neutron spectra have scaling and asymptotic properties [2]. The spectra weakly depend on the collision energy at momenta of projectile protons larger than 5 – 6 GeV/c. These properties are taken into account in the Geant4 Fritiof (FTF) model. The improved FTF model describes as well as the Geant4 Bertini model the experimental data on neutron production by 1.2 GeV and 1.6 GeV protons on targets (Fe, Pb) [3] and by 3.0 GeV protons on various targets (Al, Fe, Pb) [4]. For neutron production in antiproton-nucleus interactions, it is demonstrated that the FTF results are in a satisfactory agreement with experimental data of the LEAR collaboration [5]. The FTF model gives promising results for neutron production in nucleus - nucleus interactions at projectile energy 1 – 2 GeV per nucleon [6]. The observed properties allow one to predict neutron yields in the nucleus-nucleus interactions at high and very high energies. Predictions for the NICA/MPD experiment at JINR are presented.
Hadron modification in a dense baryonic matter
Authors: Musulmanbekov Genis
Published: April 2019

Starting with the Strongly Correlated Quark Model of a hadron structure, SCQM, we demonstrate how the properties of mesons and baryons are modified in a hot and dense nuclear environment. These in-medium modifications can lead to observable effects in heavy ion collisions, such as enhancement of strangeness and dropping vector meson masses.
Hadronic resonance production with ALICE at the LHC
Authors: Kiselev Sergey
Published: April 2019

We present recent results on short-lived hadronic resonances obtained in the ALICE experiment at LHC energies, including results from the Xe-Xe run. The ALICE results on transverse momentum spectra, yields, their ratio to long-lived particles, and nuclear modification factors will be discussed. The results will be compared with model predictions and measurements at lower energies.
Experimental investigation and Monte Carlo simulations of radionuclide production inside the Uranium spallation target QUINTA irradiated with a 660-MeV proton beam
Authors: Tichý P. , Adam J. , Baldin A. , Chudoba P. , Furman W. , Gustov S. , Khushvaktov J. , Mar’in I. , Solnyshkin A. , Suchopár M. , Svoboda J. , Tyutyunnikov S. , Vespalec R. , Vrzalová J. , Wagner V. , Závorka L. , Zeman M.
Published: April 2019

The accelerator-Driven-System (ADS) is very important to study the neutron field and radionuclide production inside simple-geometry uranium subcritical setups irradiated with high energy particle beams. A subcritical setup QUINTA was irradiated with the 660-MeV proton beam from Phasotron accelerator at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR). The radionuclide production in the region along the beam axis was investigated by the activation technique. The aim was to compare (n,x) with (p,x) reactions using activation detectors of 59Co and natPb, and compare experimental results with the calculated results using Monte Carlo simulation code MCNPX 2.7.
Polarization in HIC: comparison of methods
Authors: Prokhorov Georgy , Teryaev Oleg , Zakharov Valentin
Published: April 2019

Based on the Wigner function for an medium with thermal vorticity, an exact non-perturbative formula for axial current was obtained. It is confirmed that the Chiral Vortical Effect results from the Wigner function. It is shown that the angular velocity and acceleration play the role of new chemical potentials, which is expressed in the appearance of combination $$\mu \pm \,(\Omega \pm i\left| a \right|)/2$$. It is shown that acceleration enters in the form of imaginary chemical potential and the consequences of this fact are investigated. An expression for the boundary temperature for a medium of fermions, which simultaneously has acceleration and rotation, is derived. This temperature in the particular case coincides with the temperature of Unruh.
Bound states of dtμ, pdμ and t pμ mesomolecules
Authors: Eskin A. V. , Korobov V. I. , Martynenko A. P. , Sorokin V. V.
Published: April 2019

The energy spectrum of excited bound states of muonic molecules ptμ, pdμ, and dtμ is calculated on the basis of the stochastic variational method. The basis wave functions of the muonic molecule are taken in the Gaussian form. The matrix elements of the Hamiltonian are calculated analytically. For numerical calculation, a computer code was written in the MATLAB system. As a result, the numerical values of bound state energies for excited P-states of muonic molecules ptμ, pdμ and dtμ were obtained.
Energy spectra of muonic atoms in quantum electrodynamics
Authors: Dorokhov A. E. , Krutov A. A. , Martynenko A. P. , Martynenko F. A. , Sukhorukova O. S.
Published: April 2019

Vacuum polarization, nuclear structure and recoil, radiative corrections to the hyperfine structure of S-states in muonic ions of lithium, beryllium and boron are calculated on the basis of quasipotential method in quantum electrodynamics. We consider contributions in first and second orders of perturbation theory which have the order α5 and α6 in the energy spectrum. Total values of hyperfine splittings are obtained which can be used for a comparison with future experimental data.
Hadronic properties of the photon
Authors: Gevorkyan Sergey
Published: April 2019

Currently it is no doubt that high energy photons (real or virtual) have a hadronic component leading to photon shadowing in its interaction with nuclei. We shortly consider the difficulties appeared in the models like vector dominance model (VDM) and stress that these problems can be solved in a color dipole model inspired by Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD).

From the other hand, the color dipole model allows one to investigate the impact of vector meson polarization on their interaction with nucleons and nuclei, the challenge which is crucial for studying, for instance, such a fundamental effect as color transparency.
Incomplete fractal showers and restoration of dimension
Authors: Dedovich Tatiana , Tokarev Mikhail
Published: April 2019

The S ePaC and BC methods are used in the fractal analysis of mixed events containing incomplete fractals. The reconstruction of the event distribution by the dimension DF is studied. The procedures of analyzing incomplete fractals and correcting the determination of DF of combined fractals by the SePaC method are proposed. We find that the S ePaC method fully reconstructs incomplete fractals and suppresses background, the separation of the incomplete fractals and the background by the BC method depends on the basis of the formation of the fractal, and the distribution of events by the value of DF is more accurately reconstructed with the S ePaC method in comparison with the BC method.
E-by-e fluctuations of initial conditions in interactions of light, intermediate and heavy nuclei at energies 4 - 200 GeV per nucleon
Authors: Loktionov A.A. , Argynova A.Kh. , Kvochkina T.N.
Published: April 2019

A better understanding of initial conditions of nuclear interactions is one of the most important heavy ion physics problems. The paper considers these problems in the centrality selected interactions of light (C, O, Ne) – (beam) and heavy (Au, Pb) – (beam) ions with light (C/N/O) – (target) and heavy (Ag/Br) – (target) nuclei using the data of JINR-AGS-SPS target emulsion experiments with limited statistics. To reveal a possible system structure dependence, the analyses of E-by-E fluctuations on the longitudinal event shape and multiplicity have been performed, vertically and horizontally.