bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kronos Abuses His Son: A Case Study of Severe Interpersonal Trauma, Dissociation, and Survival in Adolescence
Authors: Papanikolopoulos Penny , Konstas Despina D. , Prattos-Spongalides Tessa-Ava , Belivanaki Maria , Kolaitis Gerasimos
Published: November 2017

This case study presents case conceptualization, therapeutic intervention, and the subjective and objective therapeutic progress of a 14-year-old adolescent hospitalized with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) following emotional, physical, and sexual abuse by his father. The adaptive information processing (AIP) model that informs eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) therapy and the theory of structural dissociation of the personality (TSDP) were used to conceptualize and guide the treatment. Stabilization and orientation to the present were essential to integrate his traumatic memories into a life narrative, and this became a major goal and an outcome of treatment. A single-case AB design was applied in assessing the impact of intervention. The UCLA PTSD Symptom Scale, Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire—HEL (SDQ-HEL), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and Dissociative Experiences Scale II were administered at 5 different time points to assess changes in the youth’s subjective emotional state and indicated substantial improvement. In addition, objective behavior change (using O’Neill’s Behavior Checklist) was recorded on a daily basis for 7 months and showed a large decrease in the frequency of targeted maladaptive behaviors. The article describes the treatment process which helped the youth to regain a sense of time; establish a coherent sense of self; and maintain adaptive perceptions, emotions, attitudes, and behaviors.
Image Features Based on Characteristic Curves and Local Binary Patterns for Automated HER2 Scoring
Authors: Mukundan Ramakrishnan
Published: November 2017

This paper presents novel feature descriptors and classification algorithms for automated scoring of HER2 in Whole Slide Images (WSI) of breast cancer histology slides. Since a large amount of processing is involved in analyzing WSI images, the primary design goal has been to keep the computational complexity to the minimum possible level and to use simple, yet robust feature descriptors that can provide accurate classification of the slides. We propose two types of feature descriptors that encode important information about staining patterns and the percentage of staining present in ImmunoHistoChemistry (IHC) stained slides. The first descriptor is called a characteristic curve which is a smooth non-increasing curve that represents the variation of percentage of staining with saturation levels. The second new descriptor introduced in this paper is an LBP feature curve which is also a non-increasing smooth curve that represents the local texture of the staining patterns. Both descriptors show excellent interclass variance and intraclass correlation, and are suitable for the design of automatic HER2 classification algorithms. This paper gives the detailed theoretical aspects of the feature descriptors and also provides experimental results and comparative analysis.
Mast Cells Interact with Endothelial Cells to Accelerate In Vitro Angiogenesis
Authors: de Souza Junior Devandir Antonio , Mazucato Vivian Marino , Santana Ana Carolina , Oliver Constance , Jamur Maria Celia
Published: November 2017

Angiogenesis is a complex process that involves interactions between endothelial cells and various other cell types as well as the tissue microenvironment. Several previous studies have demonstrated that mast cells accumulate at angiogenic sites. In spite of the evidence suggesting a relationship between mast cells and angiogenesis, the association of mast cells and endothelial cells remains poorly understood. The present study aims to investigate the relationship between mast cells and endothelial cells during in vitro angiogenesis. When endothelial cells were co-cultured with mast cells, angiogenesis was stimulated. Furthermore, there was direct intercellular communication via gap junctions between the two cell types. In addition, the presence of mast cells stimulated endothelial cells to release angiogenic factors. Moreover, conditioned medium from the co-cultures also stimulated in vitro angiogenesis. The results from this investigation demonstrate that mast cells have both direct and indirect proangiogenic effects and provide new insights into the role of mast cells in angiogenesis.
Energy Policies and Sustainable Management of Energy Sources
Authors: Schirone Luigi , Pellitteri Filippo
Published: November 2017

Sustainability of current energy policies and known mid-term policies are analised in their multiple facets. First an overview is given about the trend of global energy demand and energy production, analysing the share of energy sources and the geographic distribution of demand, on the basis of statistics and projections published by major agencies. The issue of sustainability of the energy cycle is finally addressed, with specific reference to systems with high share of renewable energy and storage capability, highlighting some promising energy sources and storage approaches.
PERANCANGAN DAN PEMBUATAN APLIKASI SISTEM GUDANG SENJATA (SGS) DI BATALYON XYZ
Authors: Yudhanto Yudho , Darmawan Setiadi , Sulandari Winita
Published: November 2017

The armory is an important place in a battalion. The function of armoury is weapon place when the weapon is not used by members. Members acquire weapons of the lending process in the armory by armory staff. The process of borrowing in an armory still use manual recording so it takes time. So the armory need a system to speed up the transaction process of borrowing and the returning weapons to the armory.

The implementation of application is using codeigniter framework, PHP, Javascript and barcode. Results of the application armory system that can handle the transaction process of borrowing and returning weapons using barcode. The application also able weapons data management as well as members involved in it.
Penerapan Metode Rational Unified Process pada Aplikasi Monitoring Periodic Service Alat Berat
Authors: Wardani Putri Kusuma
Published: November 2017

Product Support is one of the divisions in the company who deliver technical support to customers, especially in terms of after sales service. Commonly, the data obtained by the product support division at PT Hexindo Adiperkasa Tbk is still a general information concerning the units owned by the company. This data needs to be analyzed and then reprocessed using an application such as Excel spreadsheets to find out the periodic service of heavy machinery in each period, in order that the data processing time is relatively longer and allow for errors or human error. In addition, the data processing tends to be ineffective.

This research aims to design a "Application Monitoring of Periodic Services Heavy Machinery" that can help companies monitor the periodic service of heavy machinery better by using the programming language PHP and MySQL as the database.

The results of this research to build a monitoring application using the method of system development RUP (Rational Unified Process) to determine schedule of periodic service heavy machinery in order to processing the information would be more appropriate, effective, and efficiency can improve the quality of customer service.
PERANCANGAN DAN PEMBUATAN SISTEM KOMPETISI SEPAK BOLA BERBASIS WEB
Authors: Yudhanto Yudho , Putra Andesta
Published: November 2017

Football is one of the most famous sport in the world. In Indonesia, this sport has become a favored game that people of all ages. However, from the various tournaments that have been held, there are some drawbacks one of which is the lack of statistical data regarding the schedule and complete pertadingan that can be known quickly by football fans, football observers, club officials and players themselves. Therefore, the need for a system to simplify the process of delivering all the information about the competition of football going to the actors of football.

Implementation of the creation of a system of web-based football competition using PHP and MySQL that can provide information on the match statistics from the competition is complete and can be accessed quickly by the actors of football. 
HUBUNGAN ANTARA PERNIKAHAN USIA REMAJA DENGAN KETAHANAN KELUARGA
Authors: Lestari Rahayu Puji
Published: November 2017

Penelitian  bertujuan  untuk  mengetahui  dan  menganalisis   hubungan  antara  pernikahan usia  remaja  dengan  ketahanan  keluarga.  Penelitian  dilakukan  di  wilayah  Desa  Lubang Buaya,  Kecamatan  Setu, Kabupaten Bekasi,  Bekasi, selama bulan Juni 2015 hingga Juli

2015. Metode   penelitian   menggunakan   metode   survei  dengan  pendekatan  kuantitatif

korelasional.  Populasi  penelitian ini adalah pasangan suami/istri yang menikah pada usia remaja   yaitu   usi   12-21   tahun   di   wilayah   Desa   Lubang   Buaya,   Kecamatan   Setu, Kabupaten Bekasi dan masih dalam ikatan pernikahan yang menikah pada bulan januari hingga  bulan juni 2011.  Sampel penelitian berjumlah   68 responden.  Hasil uji normalitas data berdistribusi normal. Hasil uji hipotesis yaitu  uji signifikasn koefisien kolerasi adalah signifikan.   Koefisien   korelasi   dengan   menggunakan   rumus   korelas ional   Lamda  (la) menghasilkan   =   0,2.   Hasil   hipotesis   pada   penelitian   dan   uji   mengenai   hubungan diperoleh  bahwa  terdapat  hubungan  antara  pernikahan  usia  remaja  dengan  ketahanan keluarga di wilayah Desa Lubang Buaya,  Kecamatan  Setu, Kabupaten Bekasi. Koefisien determinasi  yang  diperoleh  sebesar  4%.  Hasil  ini  menunjukkan  bahwa  pernikahan  usia remaja  4%  mempengaruhi  hasil ketahanan keluarga.  Kemudian sisanya 96% ditentukan oleh variabel  lain.
PENGARUH SUMBER BELAJAR DALAM KELUARGA TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA
Authors: Siregar Septi Mulyanti , Tarma Tarma , Doriza Shinta
Published: November 2017

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk  mengetahui  pengaruh sumber belajar dalam keluarga terhadap hasil  belajar  mata  pelajaran  prakarya  pada  siswa  kelas  VIII di  SMP  Negeri  2 Bogor.  Penelitian  ini dilakukan di SMP Negeri 2 Bogor pada bulan Maret  - Mei 2015 menggunakan metode survei dengan pendekatan  korelasi.  Adapun  jumlah  sampel  sebanyak  177  orang  yang  terbagi  dalam  lima  kelas dengan   menggunakan   teknik   simple  random   sampling.   Variabel   independen   penelitian  ini  yaitu sumber belajar dalam  keluarga dan variabel dependen yaitu hasil belajar prakarya.  Data hasil belajar didapat  dari  dokumentasi  hasil  rata-rata ulangan harian siswa yang merupakan  data sekunder.  Data sumber  belajar  dalam  keluarga  didapat  melalui  kuesioner  yang  diisi  oleh  respon den.  Data  tersebut kemudian  diuji  validitas  dan  realibilitas,  lalu  di  analisis  melalui  teknik  regresi  sederhana.  Hipotesis diuji  dengan  signifikan pada 0,05 margin of error menggunakan  t-test  dan analisis  varians  (ANOVA). Maka  hasil  penelitian  menunjukkan  adanya  pengaruh  yang  signifikan  antara  sumber  belajar  dalam keluarga  terhadap  hasil  belajar  dengan  persamaan  regresi  Y  =  50,736  +  0,291X.  Ini  berarti  bahwa ada pengaruh  yang signifikan sumber belajar dalam keluarga terhadap hasil belajar.
EVALUASI PROGRAM MAGANG INDUSTRI KREATIF SMP SEKOLAH ALAM BOGOR
Authors: Samiah Samiah
Published: November 2017

Theoretically, the result of this research hopefully can give scientific contribution toward development of science, especially science of education, give suggestion to another school about evaluation of program for better quality of education, also by way of evaluation for secondary school of Sekolah Alam Bogor for being more effective internship program. The research use qualitative method. Data were got by doing interview, observation, and check list. The data were used for evaluating internship program of creative industry for more effective program implementation. Subject of this research are students and teachers who participated in internship program of creative industry also the owner of the place. Based on the data which were got, it can be concluded that internship program of creative industry can improve knowledge, skills, and positive attitude of students with supporters factors: monitoring of the principal, the role of the teacher, the role of the owner of internship place, and communication between the school and internship place.
Flow Assurance Analysis on a Subsea Network Offshore Peru: Lobitos Asset - Case Study
Authors: Buitrago J. H. , Cardenas C. Y. , Saldana A. Agurto , Russo G. A.
Published: November 2017

Producing from shallow waters offshore Peru, Lobitos is a mature Light Oil asset operated by SAVIA Peru S.A. The operator undertook the task of building a network model that included production platforms, pipelines and processing facilities. Given the operating conditions and produced fluids composition, paraffin formation was identified as a primary flow assurance issue in the system. This paper describes the flow assurance analysis on the transfer lines, and discusses the findings and recommendations.

The production system comprises twenty offshore platforms interconnected via four subsea pipeline networks: high pressure gas-lift gas, low pressure gas, liquids, and sales gas. Compression occurs at selected key platforms. The twenty platforms and the four pipeline networks are combined into a single complex model able to reproduce the hydraulic behavior and the flow trajectories under any conditions imposed on the system. The model enables the operator to predict the onset of hydrates, wax, and asphalthenes. With the help of specialized software, a pressure-temperature (P-T) diagram, along with solid-liquid phase envelopes, were plotted for each of the liquid transfer lines.

Analysis of the system revealed that among the organic scales, paraffin was creating an observable impairment to flow. Given the volume of liquids transported and the fluid composition, the sea-shore transfer lines were identified as critical points for paraffin deposition. With wax content as low as 0.6 % m/m, the line connecting the CC-ZZ-PRIMAVERA facilities is the most paraffin-affected pipe, given that wax will precipitate at temperatures as high as 105° F (41° C). The hottest point in the line only reaches 77° F (25° C). The pipe connecting the LO10-PRIMAVERA facility is also subject to paraffin precipitation. In this case, the paraffin would become unstable at 90° F (32° C), but given that the fluids only reach 63° F (17° C) and the line transports about 40% of the produced liquids, it was identified as another critical point in the system. The line from the H-PRIMAVERA facility is the least affected, given that all fluid comes from shallow, warmer waters, and the volume transported is only 1% of the production.

Because the infrastructure is old, pigging operations are ruled out; however, since most of the wells are gas lifted, it is recommended that hot gas be injected wherever possible to increase the wellhead temperatures. Additionally, two extra-points of paraffin solvents have been implemented.

The use of an integrated model that rigorously accounted for mass and heat transfer phenomena along with proper fluid characterization and a specialized flow assurance algorithm enabled the accurate prediction of paraffin deposition and identification of key points for implementing remedial measures.
Stress Dependent Capillary Dominated Flow in Matrix Around Hydraulic Fractures in Shale Reservoirs and its Impact on Well Deliverability
Authors: Moghaddam Rasoul Nazari , Foroozesh Jalal
Published: November 2017

Understanding the mechanisms of fluid flow in unconventional shale reservoirs is of great interest as these mechanisms have significant impacts on long term economic development of such reservoirs. In shale rocks, the average size of pore/throat is much smaller than the average pore size in conventional rocks which results in higher capillary pressures. Such high capillary pressures can strongly influence the two-phase flow specifically around the wellbore by preventing the fluid flow from matrix to hydraulic fractures and resulting in liquid holdup. In addition, the pronounced poroelastic properties of shale matrix make the flow properties to be extremely sensitive to the effective stress. As a result, the production rate and well deliverability of shale reservoirs can be severely affected by stress dependent capillary pressure around the wellbore area while this impact has not been investigated yet. In this study, a numerical approach was adapted to solve the analytical formulation of two-phase flow considering the capillary and viscous forces in matrix around hydraulic fractures. To evaluate the integrity of the simulation results, the predicted liquid saturation profiles were compared with some experimental data reported in the literature where liquid saturation profiles were measured by CT scanner under both viscous and capillary dominated flow conditions. Then, the two phase flow in tight formations were simulated and the obtained liquid saturation profiles were used to estimate the equivalent relative permeability curves at different stress conditions. The results showed that the liquid holdup in the matrix around the hydraulic fractures can be accumulated even up to a meter that significantly reduces the relative permeability values in this zone. This liquid holdup (or capillary end effects) depends on several parameters including effective stress applied to the formations. In addition, the effects of viscous forces on liquid holdup were investigated in terms of fluid velocity. It is found that, a higher fluid velocity(or flow rate) which can be achieved by increasing drawdown pressure (reduction of bottom hole pressure) can cause a significant damage to the matrix permeability around the hydraulic fractures. This damage also adversely affects flow and can promote the capillary dominated flow. The results of this study improve our understanding of flow mechanisms in unconventional reservoir rocks. This knowledge is required for shale reservoir simulation and cost effective production from hydraulic fractured wells in shale reservoirs.
Solving Unexpected Sanding Issues in HP/HT, Tight-Sandstone Keshen Gas Reservoir, Western China
Authors: Yang Xiangtong , Huang Yongjie , Zhang Yang , Qiu Kaibin , Fan Wentong , Pan Yuanwei , Xu Guowei , Xian Chenggang
Published: November 2017

Keshen is a high-pressure/high temperature (HP/HT) tight-sandstone gas reservoir with reservoir pressure over 110 MPa and temperature over 175°C. The sandstone is very hard, with unconfined compressive strength (UCS) greater than 100 MPa. Given the HP/HT nature and natural fracture system in the reservoir, with aid of stimulation, many wells produced at a very high rate with the mean value exceeding 500,000 m3/d. In the last few years, many production wells in this reservoir experienced severe sanding issues that contradicted the conventional understanding that sanding would not occur in such hard rock. The sanding wells exhibited large fluctuations of production rate and wellhead pressure, erosion of chocks and nozzles, and eventually major or even complete loss of production. A solution to address the sanding issues was urgently needed because the sanding issues had caused a major decline in production and resulted in significant economic loss.

Due to the unconventional nature of the sanding issues, the typical sanding prediction methods based on solely on evaluating rock failure were not adequate to reveal the underlying sanding mechanism and develop a viable operational solution to address the sanding issues. To this end, a new workflow was formulated and applied to this study. The workflow started with detailed data mining on the massive amount of drilling, completion, stimulation, and production data from this reservoir to investigate possible relationships of drilling practices, completion options, and production schedules to the occurrence and severity of sanding issues. The analysis revealed that downhole flow velocity and production drawdown were the two major controlling factors in the occurrence of sand production. Further geomechanics simulation and particle migration simulation with a multiphase dynamic flow simulator confirmed that the production drawdown would cause failure of the rock near the wellbore and the gas flow could transport the sand debris to the wellbore and lift it up to the surface. In addition, the fluctuation of production rate was caused by blockage due to accumulation in the wells and production tubing of sand particles that were flushed out after downhole pressure buildup.

Based on the analysis, the threshold of flow velocity and the threshold of drawdown were identified, and these thresholds can be used in the reservoir management to address the sanding issues.

The experience in Keshen shows that sanding is possible in HP/HT high-productivity sandstone gas reservoirs, even in extremely hard formation, which overturns some prior conceptions on sanding. The information shared from this paper could bring up the attention of those operating similar HP/HT tight sandstone reservoirs around the world.
Successful Evaluation of the Slimmest Formation Testing and Sampling Tool in Geologically Complex Development Wells
Authors: Kulananpakdee K.. , Chommali P.. , Hien N.. , Thiangtham C.. , Juntamat P.. , Lertsrisunthad P.. , Prachukbunchong P.. , Chantipna D.. , Pinprayong V.. , Villamizar C.. , Baca Espinoza I.
Published: November 2017

Determining reservoir pressure and confirming fluid type in development wells is of major interest to many reservoir engineers. Because of the high costs and operational risks of having a wireline formation tester (FT) stuck downhole, operators seek reliable technologies that not only deliver the information they need but also mitigate the chances of losing the tool downhole. A new generation of slim, light-weight FT technologies can help make production-management decisions, especially in the often complex geometry of development wells.

The Sirikit field Onshore Thailand is an extensively faulted and heterogeneous reservoir, therefore continuously updated pressure profiles have become the key in refining reservoir models. Productive zones are typically thin, but highly permeable. Traditional open hole (OH) log evaluation is insufficient to distinguish fluid types and formation fluid identification (FID) is required in every zone before completion. Because wireline FTs often have thick bodies which are pressed against the borehole wall and sampling takes at least one hour of pump out, they present an increased risk of getting stuck.

A smaller diameter FT was evaluated whose body equally centralized in the well during a test in order to dramatically reduce the risk of differential sticking. However it was not clear whether the new tool could similarly distinguish between hydrocarbons and water in a synthetic based mud (SBM) environment using capacitance and resistivity sensors. Four wells with various trajectories and fluid types were selected to benchmark the new tool. Both traditional and new slim FTs were run in the hole (RIH), monitored in real time and the capabilities of the two tools were cross-checked against each other. The results showed that both tools required a similar pump out volume to reach a clean sample. Despite the oil-base mud environment, the slim tool was able to distinguish the transition from mud filtrate to formation hydrocarbons, and in wells where water-base drilling fluids were used, formation water could be similarly recognized. All water samples were directly drained at surface to verify the in-situ real time measurements and oil samples were sent to the lab. The results showed a remarkable consistency in most cases and during trial tests the slimmest sampling tool exhibited a tremendous value in the first stage of field development and it is continuously used nowadays in newly drilled wells.

A slim testing and sampling tool shows good reliability for basic fluid identification and is especially suitable for wells with differential sticking issues. Globally, this tool may provide a solution of future wireline pressure and sampling, which can help operators to make proper reservoir-management decisions, especially in complex geometry wells or challenging geological formations.
Applying Edge Computing to Autonomous Well Control
Authors: Pitcher Jason , Pry Mike
Published: November 2017

In production operations, a lot of effort has been devoted to monitoring well head and flow line parameters. Connecting sensors to monitoring systems, collating, and transmitting the data off site for manual or automated review requires infrastructure build out and processes developing to analyze and action the data, consuming additional resources. The concept of edge computing, moving the analysis and decision closer to the well is a challenging problem which requires the addition of controlling elements. The objective is not just to monitor the conditions, but also to take action based upon the observations without unnecessary intervention.

This paper introduces a new method of closed loop production control, integrating production tree master valve, emergency shut down system and choke management into a single automated, autonomous system. By implementing microprocessor control at the wellsite, basic management functions can be automated with sequencing to mitigate risk of procedural errors, improve well integrity, and minimize downtime. The key elements of such a system comprise of master valve actuation, wing valve actuation and production choke actuation linked by a single co-dependent system that can perform condition based monitoring and self-diagnose system issues.

A discussion of the design and function of the method, with due regard to limitations, best practices and workflows will be demonstrated, providing an examination of the results of design experiments. The potential for further implementation is examined as well as highlighting operational differences vs current technology that deliver value to producers and operators.

Expanding the capability of wellsite autonomous control to address operational concerns and reduce operational costs is within the reach of technology that is integrated into monitoring systems, moving the decision point closer to the well. With a proven ability to monitor and action analyses, communicating the results of the action for operational status updates substantially reduces the need for large bandwidth infrastructure and in the right applications, increased well and equipment uptime without risk of costly integrity issues. This enables autonomous systems to be deployed in more remote areas, allowing the same level of assurance in control afforded to more infrastructure rich environments.
Collaborative Engineering Results in Application-Specific Hybrid Bit which Achieves Record Performance in Sichuan Basin
Authors: Zhang Lu , Valbuena Franklin , Zeng Jun , He Mingmin , Li Hongxing
Published: November 2017

China’s Sichuan Basin contains prolific gas fields and presents many drilling challenges due to the complex structural geology. Xujiahe is one of the most challenging formations in the basin. The interbedded and hard, abrasive nature of Xujiahe results in short intervals drilled and low rates of penetration (ROP).

Polycrystalline Diamond Compact (PDC) bits have limited drilling efficiency in this formation because impact damage and abrasive wear lead to short intervals drilled and very low ROP. Seven-bladed PDC bits which replaced roller cones were once believed to be the most cost-effective solution. To expedite gas exploration, improve ROP and increase distance drilled in the Gaoshiti-Moxi block, an innovative application-specific engineering drill bit was required.

To identify the solution, a cross-functional team from the drilling contractor and the service company conducted extensive technical research into drilling practices. Sophisticated software was used to analyze the rock properties, and to identify the formation drilling problems. Reviews of offset drill bits provided clues to drilling challenges. After a series of technical analyses, an application-specific hybrid bit was designed and tested in this block. Continuous optimization of drilling parameters is implemented by field engineer.

The first three trials drilled through this formation, saving two PDC bits and two trips over a 500-meter interval. Post-run review and analysis of the first trials was conducted for further improvement of ROP and interval drilling using drilling parameter and bottomhole assembly (BHA) optimization. One fast run with an average of 45% better ROP was achieved on following runs. This saved seven drilling days and 2.5 runs; an average savings of 180,000USD per well.

This paper describes the collaborative solution and detailed technical optimization of hybrid bit performance in Gaoshiti-Moxi Block. Based on the drilling data, economic analysis of this project is also presented. With this cross-functional team’s effort, how this success model may apply on other drilling projects will be also included.
A New History Matching Sensitivity Analysis Framework with Random Forests and Plackett-Burman Design
Authors: Aulia Akmal , Jeong Daein , Saaid Ismail Mohd , Shuker Muhannad Taleb , El-Khatib Noaman A.
Published: November 2017

To improve the current industry standard one-parameter-at-a-time sensitivity analysis method, we propose a new sensitivity analysis framework that utilizes Plackett-Burman design and Random Forests (a well-known data mining method). The new framework significantly reduces the number of required simulation runs (i.e. samples), and at the same time compellingly improves the automatic history matching error.

The proposed sensitivity analysis framework starts with generating samples/simulations using Plackett-Burman design. Here, each simulation is executed based on different combinations of the parameters' input values. Once the samples are ready, the parameters' input values and the target vector (i.e. the history matching error vector) are used to construct a Random Forests model. This model is used to rank the importance of each history matching parameter. Hence, parameters with low impact on the history matching error are discarded, and the remaining are used for Genetic Algorithm-based automatic history matching. The impact of an internal Random Forests parameter (number of decision trees) on the history matching error is also observed.

The highly faulted reservoir with water injection is used for history matching and 10 parameters are defined uncertain consisting of fault transmissibilities, permeabilities, and connate water saturation. The aim is to match the bottom hole pressure and watercut for several oil producing wells. The one-parameter-at-a-time method requires 21 samples, and the selected top 4 parameters from this method are mainly fault transmissibilities. The resulting automatic history matching results gave a final error of 463.338. With the new framework, which requires only 12 samples instead of 21, the final error was 628.041, given that 100 trees are utilized. As we increased the number of trees to 500, the final error is significantly better (i.e. 36% improvement) than the results obtained from the one-parameter-at-a-time method. We can see that using the new framework, the majority of the top 4 parameters are related to permeabilities. Here, there is no significant change in terms of computation time as we increase the number of trees from 100 to 500; total computation time is less than 10 seconds.

For this case study, not only this new framework requires significantly less number of initial simulation samples, it significantly improved the history matching error (as compared to the industry standard one-parameter-at-time sensitivity analysis method). Therefore, practicing engineers can utilize this framework to save time and simultaneously improve accuracy of the history matching parameter ranking. Parameter ranking computation with Random Forests takes less than 10 seconds.
Behind Casing Opportunity BCO of Poor Quality Reservoir - Unlocking a Mature Offshore Province
Authors: Hassani Hamed , Abdussalam Khomeini B , Majid Syahrani B , Zamzuri Mohd Dzulfahmi , Husain Nik Badrul
Published: November 2017

Behind casing opportunity (BCO) is an important production enhancement solution that extends field life in brown field development, specifically at low oil price and the current cost control environment. BCO potentially offers, low hanging fruit in terms of cost and realizing cheap oil, but successful maturation and realization of these opportunities relies on clear understanding of reservoir behavior and uncertainties. Historically, our ability to meet planned objectives has been challenging and in fact only 50% of these opportunities have met their objectives, the remainder compromised by either integrity or reservoir performance issues. An unconventional approach has been tested by the subsurface team and is presented here.

The approach presented here focuses on impact of workflow optimization, multidisciplinary and integrated work on instantaneous production gain. The sequential workflow includes data gathering, proper data preparation and integrating basic data and information (brilliant at the basics) to reduce inherent risk and uncertainty. A significant improvement in conventional petrophysical modelling, using proper analogs, unlock the potential resources which have been masked by low resistive elements. Detailed well modelling and performance analysis, highlights the potential gain from these low resistive pay zones. Coupled with a detailed screening process the opportunities with highest probability of success (POS) and most favorable commercial feasibility are selected.

The result demonstrate the huge upside potential for nominated low resistive pay zones that can be developed through BCO or horizontal infill target. On the commercial side, it was recommended to execute the plan in a campaign for cost optimization purposes. It is expected to reduce operational cost by 30 percent and improve recovery through realization of more drainage points. Progressive burning propellant stimulation has been initiated to maximize production gain by maximizing exposure to the reservoir and boosting flow capacity by a factor of two times through 25 feet of low perm section
Fracture Network Evaluation Using Tracer Flowback: A Case Study
Authors: Li Linkai , Pinprayong Verapich , Meng Fanle , Jiang Hanqiao , Li Junjian
Published: November 2017

Hydraulic fracturing is extensively applied in the exploitation of unconventional reservoirs. The evaluation for fracture networks after fracturing treatments has a great significance for hydrocarbon production prediction. In order to characterize fracture networks, the tracer is injected into the formation and it will flow back along with fracturing fluid. In this study, we estimate fracture networks using tracer flowback profiles (TFPs) based on temporal moment analysis.

Firstly, we conduct a correlation analysis between TFPs and microseismic (MS) event distribution for Xinjiang tight oil reservoir in China. And then, the relationship between cumulative flow capacity and cumulative storage capacity (F-C type curve) is developed using tracer flowback data by temporal moment method. The derivative of F-C type curve is applied to identify types of fracture networks. Finally, the results of fracture network evaluation obtained from tracer flowback are verified by the results from MS monitoring.

The correlation analysis indicates that fracture networks can be classified into three types: the first type of fracture network only comprised of several primary fractures, and TFP is multi-peak; the second type of fracture network comprised of primary fractures with some secondary fractures, and TFP is single-peak with a long tail; the third type of fracture network comprised of relatively uniform fractures, TFP is similarly of normal distribution. F-C derivative curve can be used to evaluate the types of fracture networks. If it does not have an abrupt change in F-C derivative curve, the fracture network can be considered as uniform distribution. If it has, the nearly horizontal line can be used to identify the number of primary fractures or fracture clusters.

Fracture network evaluation using tracer flowback is timely and of low-cost, which provides key information for reservoir-scale modeling and an alternative method for fracture evaluation. This study will definitely promote the management of tracer flowback.
Prohexadione‐Calcium Rate and Timing Effects on Alfalfa Interseeded into Silage Corn
Authors: Osterholz William R. , Renz Mark J. , Lauer Joseph G. , Grabber John H.
Published: November 2017

Core Ideas

Higher prohexadione rates of 0.5 to 1 kg a.i. ha–1 enhanced interseeded alfalfa establishment and yield under stressful establishment conditions.

Prohexadione application to 15 vs. 25 cm tall alfalfa seedlings provided similar improvements in alfalfa stand density and yield.

Interseeding alfalfa increased overall corn+alfalfa forage production by 12%.

Prohexadione‐calcium (PHD) can enhance establishment of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) interseeded into silage corn (Zea mays L.), but optimal application rates and timing for this growth regulator are unknown. Two experiments examined how single or split applications of 0.25 to 1.0 kg a.i. ha−1 of PHD applied to 15 or 25 cm tall glyphosate‐resistant alfalfa seedlings influenced growth, stand density, and yield of alfalfa and corn compared to untreated controls. The PHD treatments reduced seedling top growth by 13 to 32% and increased stand density of alfalfa by 19 to 81% in three out of four locations and alfalfa dry matter yield by 4 to 23% in two out of four locations the following year. Alfalfa responses were not consistently influenced by the rate and timing of PHD application, but higher rates proved advantageous under conditions that impaired alfalfa seedling survival under corn. Application of PHD on alfalfa had little or no effect on corn heights and yields. Corn population and alfalfa seeding rates influenced corn silage yield and alfalfa stand counts in at least one location, but these factors had little effect on crop responses to PHD. Combined 2‐yr yields of corn followed by alfalfa were 12% greater for the interseeding system than for solo‐seeded corn followed by spring seeded alfalfa. Overall, a single application of 0.5 to 1.0 kg a.i. ha−1 of PHD on 15 to 25 cm tall alfalfa proved effective for improving stand density and occasionally first year yield of glyphosate‐resistant alfalfa.
Space borne Active Microwave Remote Sensing of Soil Moisture: A Review
Authors: Bhagat Vijay
Published: November 2017

Space-borne active microwave remote sensing is an efficient technique to acquire knowledge of land surface soil moisture (SM). Several studies have reported comparable results of surface SM using space-borne scatterometer responses to backscattering from soil layer. However, detection and measuring of SM using these techniques require an appropriate filtering of data, site-specific calibration of surface roughness parameters, prior knowledge of the study area, specific research purpose, careful selection of model, different suitable datasets with appropriate time series, etc. Reported success studies are very site-, data- and situation-specific and show uncertainty in SM estimations therefore, insufficient to reach global conclusions and applications. Scientific challenge before the community is to develop or modify models and appropriate datasets for SM estimations with simplification and high precision with global applicability for complex bio-physical units. The field is new, active, attractive, challenging and interesting area of research for sustainable land and climate change management.
A difícil tarefa de consolidação dos direitos humanos frente à problemática do linchamento na redemocratização do Brasil
Authors: Rodrigues José Welhinjton Cavalcante
Published: November 2017

Este artigo trata do linchamento acontecido no Guarujá-SP, em 2014, que vitimou Fabiane Maria de Jesus, como desafio a consolidação dos direitos humanos. O linchamento questiona o valor único e irrepetível que se atribui a singularidade da vida humana, e surge como uma manifestação, legitimada pelos seus membros, de justiça popular. Desse atrito resultam graves violações de direitos humanos que obstaculiza a consolidação desses direitos.
Relativização de direitos pela colonialidade do poder: deslocados internos e megaeventos esportivos no Brasil
Authors: Fernandes Karina Macedo
Published: November 2017

O trabalho objetiva demonstrar que a questão dos deslocados internos se caracteriza no Brasil a partir das remoções forçadas ocorridas no processo de preparação e realização de megaeventos esportivos. Verificar-se-á que o modelo de desenvolvimento moderno/capitalista/colonial adotado pelo Brasil tem como consequência o padrão discriminatório, excludente e opressivo dos processos de modernização das cidades, evidenciados no preparo de grandes cidades do país para a realização de megaeventos esportivos. Sob a perspectiva dos estudos descoloniais, por meio de análise bibliográfica, documental e de observação não participante. pretende-se revelar as disparidades entre os discursos institucionais e os processos de luta e resistência àsviolações de direitos humanos nos processos de preparação dos megaeventos no Brasil, em especial na cidade de Porto Alegre.
Bioaugmentation with Nitrifying Granules in Low‐SRT Flocculent Activated Sludge at Low Temperature
Authors: Figdore Bryce A. , Winkler Mari‐Karoliina H. , Stensel H. David
Published: November 2017

Nitrifying granules were grown in a sidestream reactor fed municipal anaerobic digestion centrate and added in an initial slug dose and subsequent smaller daily doses to a non‐nitrifying mainstream activated sludge system at 12 °C and 2.5‐day aerobic solids retention time (SRT) to increase its nitrification capacity. Effluent NH3‐N concentrations less than 1 mg/L were achieved with bioaugmentation, and nitrification was immediately lost when granules were removed after 30 days of bioaugmentation. Molecular microbial analyses indicated that nitrifying organisms remained attached to granules in the mainstream system with little loss to the flocculent sludge. Maximum specific nitrification activity of the bioaugmented granules decreased in mainstream treatment but the nitrification capacity remained due to new granule growth in the mainstream. This study demonstrated that bioaugmentation with sidestream nitrifying granules can intensify nitrification capacity in low‐SRT, low‐temperature flocculent activated sludge systems to achieve low effluent NH3‐N concentrations and nitrogen removal.
Household Recycling Behaviours and Attitudes toward Waste Bank Project: Mahasarakham Municipality
Authors: Singhirunnusorn Wichitra , Donlakorn Kidanun , Kaewhanin Warapon
Published: November 2017

This study investigated factors influencing household recycling behaviour and the possibility of household participation in a community-based recycling bank project. The research examines two communities in Mahasarakham  municipality, where there are differences in conditions and waste recycling management. The study demonstrated that demographic attributes and socio-economic factors play a little role in waste separation and recycling behaviour at household level. Meanwhile, environmental knowledge and attitudes contribute to the perceptions of people, their awareness, and participation to the community-based recycling project. Participation process was usually lacking in the project planning procedure and did not contribute enough time and resource to educate participants.
Empowerment of Rural Women through SHGs: A Study in Telangana
Authors: Chatterjee Shankar
Published: November 2017

The self-help group (SHG) is a powerful instrument to empower economically backward women of rural India as the women members under the SHG not only can earn income but they feel empowered also. With the launching of Swarnajaynti Gram Swarozgar Yojana (SGSY) by the Ministry of Rural Development, Government of India from April 1999, subsequently rechristened as Deen Dayal Antyodaya Yojana–National Rural Livelihood Mission (DAY-NRLM) self-help group approach (SHG) has been given utmost importance in India for the development of rural women mainly focusing on below poverty line households. SHG concept is popular in many rural areas of India as through economic development and subsequently empowering, rural women have got a solid platform. This research article has discussed the how rural women after forming SHGs in Ranga Reddy district (R.R. District) of Telangana were not only earning and contributing to the family but felt empowered also. The study was carried out at Gandipet village of Gandipet Mandal, Ranga Reddy (R.R.) district in September 2017. The some women members of 10 different SHGs were contacted and few individual cases are presented here.
TIKA RAM COLLEGE OF EDUCATION LIBRARY : A USER SURVEY
Authors: Kumari Meenu
Published: November 2017

The present study highlights the weakness and strengthens of Tika Ram College of Education Library. Users are the mirror of any library, we may see the face of any library through users. For this study researcher distributed total 220 questionnaires to different categories of users and got back 187 (85%) filled questionnaires. Present study also highlights the behavior of users in searching their required material and evaluation of library services.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN COGNITIVE DISSONANCE AND ACHIEVEMENT IN MATHEMATICS AMONG HIGHER SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors: S. SHIMIMOL P. , M.P. HASSAN KOYA
Published: November 2017

Cognitive dissonance is a theory originally developed by Leon Festinger. He is proposing that dissonance, which is the existence of non fitting relations among cognition, is a motivating factor in its own right. This motivating factor encourages the learner to be more self confident in his actions or conclusions and distinguish between correct and incorrect solutions. This motivation will lead to reach the correct decision about a particular problem. The study aims to find out the relationship between cognitive dissonance and achievement in Mathematics among higher secondary school students. Cognitive dissonance was measured by using Cognitive Dissonance Scale developed by the investigator. The sample consists of 100 higher secondary school students from Malappuram districts. The study reveals that cognitive dissonance and achievement in mathematics is significantly related.
GIRLS EDUCATION UNDER SARVA SIKSHA ABHIYAAN: A STUDY IN FOUR DISTRICTS OF UTTAR PRADESH (INDIA)
Authors: Ahmad Jasim
Published: November 2017

Men and women are the two driving wheels of society; both depend on each other. In the ancient, medieval and pre-modern periods the societies remained patriarchal in nature. Modern and post-modern society has brought sea changes in the perception of men towards women. Now women hold a better position, respect and dignity. Women have proved, through various examples that they can work rubbing shoulders with men in all walks of life. This progression has created the demand for equal educational opportunities to men and women. As women carry a dual role of homemakers as well as professionals, they are placed in a more important position to be the center of gravity of the family. Due to this remarkable significance, education of girls has become more important. Reaching out to each and every girl child is central to the efforts of universalizing elementary education. SarvaShikshaAbhiyan (SSA) or ‘Education for All’ (EFA) Programme recognizes that ensuring girl’s education requires changes, not only in the education system of the state, but also in societal attitudes. The Present paper discusses the status and prospects of girls’ education in the four districts of Uttar Pradesh (India) in the light of schemes launched under SarvaShikshaAbhiyan (SSA), implemented in the entire country in 2001.