bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Digital Competencies in Disaster and Emergency Management
Authors: Akman Elvettin , Aksu Duygu
Published: February 2025

This study examined the role of digital transformation in disaster and emergency management, focusing on the digital competencies of public officials. The research, conducted in the Yozgat Provincial Disaster and Emergency Directorate, qualitatively analyzes the use of digital tools and technologies through semi-structured interviews with public officials. The interviews explored participants' daily work processes, the digital skills they required, their adaptation to digital transformation, and the challenges they faced. The findings reveal the digital skill levels of employees, their frequency and methods of using digital tools, and obstacles encountered during the transition to digital practices. By evaluating the digital skill levels and challenges faced by public officials, actionable strategies were proposed to support the effective implementation of digital transformation, contributing to more efficient disaster management practices.
Digital Transformation and the Romanian Public Sector
Authors: Briciu Victor Alexandru , Strempel Christian Gabriel , Briciu Arabela
Published: February 2025

The rapid evolution of technology has introduced an era of unprecedented change in both our personal and professional lives. Traditional methods of communication, service delivery, and governance have been transformed, replaced by digital tools and platforms that promise greater efficiency, transparency, and accessibility. This chapter explores the digital transformation of the Romanian public sector, focusing on how central institutions utilize Facebook for communication. It investigates strategies employed, citizen engagement levels, and factors influencing follower growth. A mixed-methods approach, incorporating content analysis and regression modeling, is used. Preliminary findings reveal differences in engagement across institutions and the importance of shareable content. The research underscores the need for a more coordinated and strategic approach to online communication in the Romanian public sector to enhance citizen engagement and service delivery in the digital age.
Building a Future-Ready Public Sector Cultural Shifts in Digital Governance
Authors: Chandratreya Abhijit
Published: February 2025

The rapid advancement of digital technologies is transforming the public sector, requiring a fundamental shift in organizational culture to meet the demands of digital governance. This chapter explores the critical role of culture in building a future-ready public sector that can effectively respond to the challenges and opportunities of digital transformation. It examines the key cultural shifts needed to foster innovation, agility, and citizen-centric service delivery. The chapter also discusses the barriers to cultural change within government organizations and presents strategies for cultivating a digital-first mindset among public sector employees. By analyzing case studies and best practices, this chapter provides a comprehensive guide for public sector leaders seeking to drive cultural change and enhance digital readiness. The insights presented are essential for understanding how to align public sector culture with the evolving landscape of digital governance.
Harnessing AI for Predictive Ecosystem Management
Authors: Bhakhar Ruchika , Goyal Archna , Singh Rashi
Published: February 2025

In this chapter, we explore the transformative power of artificial intelligence (AI) in preserving global biodiversity. With ecosystems facing unprecedented pressures from habitat destruction, unsustainable land use, and climate change, Machine Learning has emerged as an admirably suitable approach for data-driven conservation efforts. Using AI-powered machine learning, deep learning, and computer vision allows for monitoring huge areas remotely as well as analyzing complex data sets which help in forecasting future trends. This predictive ability allows our efforts to transition from reactive conservation to a proactive one. Species distribution modeling, wildlife population monitoring, anti-poaching efforts, disease prediction, and human-wildlife conflict mitigation are some of the many applications. Despite the opportunity that AI presents, we still have a long way to go in addressing ethical concerns related to data privacy and bias. By utilizing AI, we will create coordinated plans to save animals and habitats from destruction, which would otherwise lead us into a future unsupportive of life for both humans and non-humans.
Navigating the Landscape
Authors: Rathi Preeti
Published: February 2025

The integration of artificial intelligence [AI] into wildlife conservation is revolutionizing the field by enhancing data analysis, predictive modelling, and real-time monitoring. AI technologies, such as machine learning, computer vision, and natural language processing, streamline the identification of species, estimation of populations, and tracking of poaching activities. Projects like Zooniverse's Snapshot Serengeti and PAWS exemplify the successful application of AI in monitoring and protecting wildlife. While AI presents transformative opportunities, its deployment in wildlife conservation is not without challenges. High-quality datasets are often scarce in remote and underfunded regions, limiting the effectiveness of AI models. Additionally, algorithmic biases arising from incomplete or imbalanced datasets can lead to inaccuracies, such as misidentifying species or failing to predict threats accurately. Ethical concerns, such as the implications of using drones for surveillance in natural habitats, raise questions about privacy and consent. Addressing these challenges requires collaborative efforts to standardize data collection, ensure algorithm fairness, and establish ethical guidelines for AI applications in conservation. Future research should focus on mitigating these challenges and exploring emerging technologies like the Internet of Things [IoT] and blockchain to further advance conservation efforts. The continued evolution of AI promises to significantly contribute to the preservation of biodiversity, offering innovative solutions to complex ecological problems and enabling more effective conservation strategies.
Virtual Safari
Authors: Gupta Tanu
Published: February 2025

Virtual safaris combine technology and conservation to offer immersive wildlife experiences without physical presence. Using AI, machine learning (ML), virtual reality (VR), and augmented reality (AR), these safaris provide innovative, educational engagement with wildlife, supporting conservation. This chapter explores the origins of virtual safaris, which began as a solution for those unable to visit wildlife due to logistical or financial limits. Today, AI and ML simulate animal behaviors with data from drones, GPS, and camera traps, while VR and AR create 3D environments. Data from photography, drones, and citizen scientists enriches these platforms. Virtual safaris deepen understanding, raise awareness of issues like habitat loss, and inspire conservation support. Examples such as Explore.org and Virry VR highlight public impact and fundraising success. While challenges remain, such as technological limits, ethics, and data privacy, advances in AI and VR/AR promise to expand virtual safaris, promoting global wildlife appreciation and biodiversity protection.
Understanding Artificial Intelligence and Its Role in Branding
Authors: Selvakumar P. , Gnanaprakasam D. , Gudivada Sushma , Jayadeva Sujay Mugaloremutt , T. C. Manjunath
Published: February 2025

This proactive approach helps brands stay ahead of market trends and respond more effectively to changes in consumer preferences.AI-driven content creation is transforming how brands develop and deliver their messaging. Natural Language Processing (NLP) and Generative AI models can automate the creation of written content, such as social media posts, blog articles, and email campaigns. These AI tools can generate content that aligns with a brand's tone and style while optimizing for engagement and relevance. For instance, AI can analyze past successful content to identify key elements that resonate with audiences and use this information to create new, impactful content. This capability not only streamlines content production but also ensures that messaging remains consistent and effective across various platforms.Customer service and engagement have also been significantly enhanced, 24/7 support to customers, handling inquiries, resolving issues, and guiding users through processes.
Adapting Brand Strategies to Technological Disruption by Mediation of AI-Driven Branding in the Horn of Africa
Authors: Kant Shashi , Terefe Aynetu , Niguse Tafese , Toma Fikeralem , Adula Metasebia
Published: February 2025

based on AI, and disruption by the technology. Employing a structural equation modeling technique, we evaluate empirical data to investigate the direct and indirect impacts of brand strategy adaptation on disruption by the technology, with Branding based on AI serving as a mediator. The outcomes manifested that the sustainable adaptation of brand strategies noteworthy augments the efficacy of Branding based on AI, which subsequently augments innovation and agility in response to technological changes. The findings demonstrate partial mediation, implying that while strategies for brand adaptation have a direct effect on disruption by the technology, the incorporation of AI enhances this influence. These findings highlight the significance of adaptability and technology in branding strategies, providing useful insights for executives aiming to maneuver through the challenges of digital market places. The investigation wraps up with suggestions for future studies, stressing the necessity for exploration into particular AI technologies and the impact on branding approaches.
Leveraging AI for Personalized Customer Experiences
Authors: Thapliyal Shivani , Bindal Raghav
Published: February 2025

This chapter discusses the disruptive nature of artificial intelligence in strategic brand management, particularly how it can enable a personalized engagement with customers. It considers just how AI allows for easy navigation of complex consumer data to deliver a tailored experience aligned with changing customer expectations. This chapter describes AI-driven tools such as machine learning, predictive analytics, and recommendation engines that enable brands to segment audiences in real-time, predict behaviors, and tailor content for higher resonance. Operational efficiency through AI is also detailed—how it can use chatbots in automating customer interactions and develop data-driven decisions that enhance responsiveness as well as customer satisfaction. In fact, the author touched upon the long-term effects that artificial intelligence will cause on loyalty and trust towards a brand, with the emphasis on the continued refinement of personalization strategies.
Shaping the Future of Brand Management by AI-Powered Predictions
Authors: Badouch Mohamed , Mahmoud Hasna , Boutaounte Mehdi
Published: February 2025

This chapter explores the transformative potential of recommender systems for predictive analytics in brand management, emphasizing the crucial role of data-driven insights in shaping strategic decisions and driving sustainable growth. We analyze how AI-powered recommender systems can be leveraged to forecast consumer demand, identify emerging market trends, and proactively opportunities in a dynamic business environment. We will delve into the mathematical underpinnings of predictive analytics, exploring time series modeling and machine learning algorithms used in recommender systems. We will also discuss the role of big data and data visualization in informing strategic brand decisions, showcasing how these techniques can reveal hidden patterns, identify customer segments, and optimize resource allocation. Finally, this chapter will address the ethical considerations of predictive analytics, examining the potential for algorithmic bias and the erosion of consumer trust, and proposing strategies for ensuring fairness and accountability in AI-driven brand management.
Tourists' Winery Experiences in Portugal, New Zealand, and the United States
Authors: Asamoah Eric Owusu , Ba Fatumata , Uwayin Ugbong Jessica , Ramos Célia M.Q.
Published: February 2025

User-generated content (UGC) is becoming common in wine tourism. People create texts, videos, and pictures to share online and inform others about their experiences at wine destinations. UGC, coupled with managerial creativity and innovation, are essential to the growth of wineries as they offer insights into tourists' tastes and preferences, enhance brand awareness and reach and build trust between visitors and wine destinations. As popular wine tourism destinations, TripAdvisor comments published by tourists who visited Portugal, New Zealand, and the United States were copied and examined using Power BI and Orange. The wine industry commands a significant market value, while wine tourism is a substantial component of economic development in wine-producing countries. Also, the study revealed some tourists prefer to keep their identities hidden during online reviews. Seasonality is another issue that affects tourist destinations globally. The study concluded wine tourists will travel either domestically or abroad to wine destinations that offer the best services and experiences.
Revolutionizing Customer Experience With AI-Powered Personalization
Authors: Behare Nitesh , Bhagat Supriya , Sarangdhar Praful
Published: February 2025

The integration of AI into customer experience strategies is revolutionizing the way businesses engage with their customers. This chapter explores how AI-powered personalization is transforming customer journeys by delivering tailored, real-time interactions that resonate with individual preferences and behaviors. From recommendation engines and predictive analytics to natural language processing and dynamic content, AI technologies are enabling companies to offer highly relevant experiences at every stage of the customer lifecycle. By examining key AI concepts, real-world case studies and current trends, this chapter highlights critical role of AI in shaping the future of customer experience. Additionally, the ethical considerations, including data privacy and algorithmic bias, will be addressed, providing a balanced perspective on the opportunities and challenges of AI-driven personalization. This chapter will equip business leaders, marketers, and customer experience professionals with insights into how AI can drive engagement, foster customer loyalty, and deliver business growth
New biomarkers for diagnosis of bladder cancer: a bibliometric analysis
Authors: Falabella Roberto , De Simone Valentina , Crocetto Felice , Del Giudice Francesco , Porreca Angelo , Foschi Nazario , Barone Biagio , Di Gianfrancesco Luca , Di Pasquale Valentina , Caputo Vincenzo Francesco
Published: February 2025

Background/Objectives: Bladder cancer is a multifactorial disease, ranking as the 10th most common cancer globally and the fourth most common cancer in men and the ninth in women in the Western world. This bibliometric analysis aims to identify and evaluate scientific literature addressing new biomarkers for bladder cancer diagnosis, as well as to identify the most prolific organizations, authors, journals, countries, and keywords within this research domain.Methods: An electronic search was conducted using Elsevier's Scopus database. From a total of 940 retrieved papers (published between 2019 and 2024), 493 were selected. For data analysis and visualization, the titles of articles, year of publication, countries, authors, journals, articles, and keywords were analyzed using Microsoft Excel, VOSviewer, and Biblioshiny. Results: China published the most papers (200 articles) and received the highest number of citations, followed by the USA. While some countries, such as Egypt and India, published exclusively Single Country Publications (SCPs), others demonstrated a higher level of international collaboration, with at least half of their publications being Multi-Country Publications (MCPs). Countries with higher rates of MCPs were Greece (66.6%), Italy (53.8%), Korea, and France (50%). The journals that produced the most publications and received the highest number of citations were Cancers, International Journal of Molecular Sciences, and Frontiers in Oncology, confirming their role in producing high-impact research. Conclusions: The consistent distribution of publications over the years considered indicates a sustained interest in this field.
Investigating the impact of integrating land consolidation with agricultural mechanization on the technical, energy, and environmental dimensions of paddy production
Authors: Maklavani Farshad Haghjooy , Gholami Parashkoohi Mohammad , Zamani Davood Mohammad , Afshari Hamed
Published: February 2025

This research investigates how the integration of land consolidation and agricultural mechanization can enhance the technical efficiency, energy consumption, and environmental sustainability of paddy cultivation compared to conventional farming practices. Our primary objective is to assess whether consolidated and mechanized farming systems result in higher productivity and lower energy use, while also reducing environmental impacts such as greenhouse gas emissions, water consumption, and soil erosion. Conventional farming methods, characterized by fragmented land holdings, often lead to inefficiencies and environmental harm. By merging smaller plots into larger, contiguous fields, we aim to boost farming efficiency and facilitate the adoption of agricultural machinery. This study will analyze three distinct cultivation scenarios: i) conventional fragmented fields relying on manual labor, ii) integrated fields utilizing manual labor, and iii) integrated fields employing mechanization. We will evaluate key technical indicators, including crop yield, labor productivity, and crop quality, alongside energy consumption metrics like fuel and electricity usage. Furthermore, will assess the environmental implications of each scenario, focusing on greenhouse gas emissions, water usage, and soil erosion. The findings from this research will enhance our understanding of the combined effects of land consolidation and mechanization in paddy farming. Additionally, the insights gained will provide valuable guidance for policymakers and farmers, promoting sustainable practices in paddy cultivation that support food security while minimizing negative environmental impacts. This investigation aims to distinguish itself by examining the synergistic potential of land consolidation and mechanization, rather than considering them in isolation as has been done in previous studies.
Sincere behaviour: Moderating leadership, culture and lecture performance in higher education
Authors: Nurtjahjani Fullchis , Ahamed Forbis , Puspita Ayu F. , Batubulan Kadek S. , Novitasari Ane F.
Published: February 2025

Orientation: Higher education institutions have the potential to produce quality human resources. For this reason, it is necessary to monitor the quality of its teaching workforce.Research purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence that transformational leadership and organisational culture have on the performance of lecturers and to examine the possible moderating effect that honest conduct may have on the link between these two factors.Motivation for the study: This study was conducted because the author wants to know the influence that transformational leadership and organisational culture have on the performance of lecturers through moderating sincere behaviour.Research approach/design and method: This study is considered explanation-grounded research. The sample consists of 170 Indonesian academics working at various universities. This research makes use of a technique known as structural equation modelling-partial least squares (SEM-PLS).Main findings: The study findings show a significant relationship between transformational leadership culture in the workplace and the impact on lecturer success. Furthermore, the results of the study suggest that sincerity plays a moderating function in the connection between transformative leadership and organisational culture on lecturer performance.Practical/managerial implications: The policy makers in higher education institutions could be able to implement policies for lecturers in improving lecturer performance through the application of transformational leadership and organisational culture.Contribution/value-add: The results of this research provide valuable insights for decision makers in an effort to improve lecturer performance.
Analysis of the Short Form-36 Questionnaire and Approbation of Proposals for Adaptation to the Kazakh Language
Authors: Saruarov Yerbolat , Nuskabayeva Gulnaz , Gencer Mehmet Ziya , Shalkharova Zhanat , Idrissov Kaldybay
Published: February 2025

Introduction:

The objective of this study was to analyze the psychometric properties of the Kazakh translation of the Short Form-36 (SF-36) v2 Health Survey and evaluate its suitability for assessing health-related quality of life (QoL) in the Kazakh population.

Methods:

The SF-36 Health Survey version 2 (SF-36 v2) was administered to a sample of 632 Kazakh adults (442 women and 190 men) ranging in age from 27 to 69 years. Internal consistency reliability was evaluated using Cronbach’s alpha. Scaling assumptions were examined through item-scale correlations. Scale scores were computed, and norm-based scoring was applied. The 2-week test–retest reliability was assessed in a subsample (n = 100) using intraclass correlations (ICCs).

Results:

Cronbach’s alpha for the eight SF-36 v2 scales ranged from 0.760 to 0.947, indicating good to excellent internal consistency. All scales met scaling assumptions. Scaling success rates, where item-scale correlations exceeded 0.40, were 100% across scales. The physical component summary and mental component summary scores demonstrated high reliability (ICC = 0.94 and 0.91). The mean scale scores ranged from 66.6 (vitality) to 82.2 (physical functioning), with negative skewness observed for most scales.

Conclusion:

The Kazakh version of the SF-36 v2 demonstrated strong psychometric performance, with results supporting score reliability and construct validity in the Kazakh general population sample. This study provides evidence for the usability of the adapted SF-36 v2 in assessing health-related QoL among Kazakhs.
Evaluating usability of “the smart vision glasses” for individuals who are visually impaired and totally blind
Authors: Varshney Ankit S. , Chougle Maryam E. , Patel Chetna V. , Chauhan Mahendrasinh D.
Published: February 2025

PURPOSE:

Individuals who are visually impaired encounter significant challenges in navigation, object recognition, and social interactions. Smart vision glasses (SVG) aim to address these issues by providing real-time assistance. This study evaluates the usability of SVG for individuals who are visually impaired and totally blind.

METHODS:

A 6-month prospective case series with 26 participants was conducted. Usability was assessed through semi-structured interviews, surveys, and modified Difficulties in Recognizing Faces and Emotions and Expectations for Smart Glasses as Assistive Device questionnaires. Both qualitative and quantitative data were analyzed to gauge satisfaction and identify functional challenges.

RESULTS:

SVG improved participants’ ability to recognize faces, identify objects, and read. However, walking assistance and currency identification posed difficulties, particularly in crowded spaces. Despite these issues, 88.5% of participants rated the device as “satisfactory” or “outstanding.”

CONCLUSION:

SVG offer a promising means to enhance independence and quality of life for individuals who are visually impaired. However, improvements in walking assistance and currency identification are needed. Further research is advised to address these limitations.
Task-Oriented Authoring Tool Using ChatGPT to Create Educational Textbooks
Authors: Almasre Miada Ahmeddeab , Subahi Alanoud
Published: February 2025

The accelerated development of technology has led to the emergence of cutting-edge smart tools, such as artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots and machine learning algorithms, which possess substantial potential for improving learning and education. Conventional content creation tools frequently lack these sophisticated features, rendering the incorporation of AI, including OpenAI's ChatGPT, an appealing area to investigate. This study aims to assess the effectiveness, cognitive load, usability, and potential challenges of a task-oriented authoring tool integrated with ChatGPT for producing personalized educational content. Design considerations using the SDLC Waterfall Model and prompt engineering were discussed. The research involved a total of 25 participants: experts (n=5) and novice (n=20), who utilized the authoring tool to generate academic content. A 5-likert questionnaire that consisted of 41 items was designed to investigate the users’ agreement about the tool’s effectiveness, cognitive load, usability, and AI-associated challenges, with mean comparison and t-tests being used for analysis. The primary findings revealed overall positive impressions among users, particularly concerning the tool's efficiency and cognitive load management. Nevertheless, small differences in usability perceptions arose between experts and novices. These findings provide valuable insights for refining and augmenting AI-integrated authoring tools to better accommodate varying user requirements in the educational domain.
DeepSTEMI: Artificial Intelligent Support System for Rapid Diagnosis and Treatment of ST-segment elevation Myocardial Infarction in Pre-hospital Emergency Medical Services at SRCA In Makkah Al-Mukarramah
Authors: Albaradei Abdulazeez , Alhuthali Faris , Elberim Rafeef , Albaradei Loay , Alhazmi Ahmad , Alsolamy Jana , Albaradei Somayah
Published: February 2025

This research addresses the critical imperative for improved cardiac care in pre-hospital emergency services through the integration of an artificial intelligence (AI) based diagnostic system. A survey involving 237 participants in Saudi Arabia illuminates the essential need to minimize on-site duration during cardiac emergencies, with unanimous agreement among participants regarding the pivotal role of AI in expediting responses, also demographic analysis provides valuable insights into participant trends, contributing to a comprehensive background understanding. The study proposes a methodological pipeline that encompasses key elements, including data augmentation, ResNet50 model training, and the development of a user-friendly AI assistant named DeepSTEMI. This AI assistant is designed to predict specifically ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) from given images and respond to initial treatment. Demonstrating robust binary classification performance, the ResNet50 model consistently exhibits high precision, recall, F1-score, and accuracy. A validated area under the curve (AUC) score of 0.98 underscores the model's discriminative prowess in distinguishing STEMI from normal cases. Emphasizing practical strategies, the study advocates for collaboration with the Saudi Red Crescent Authority, continuous model refinement, and system expansion to address a broader spectrum of cardiac conditions. Furthermore, the research highlights the importance of integrating real-time data feeds and incorporating continuous learning as pivotal elements to enhance diagnostic precision.
Acute Myocarditis in the Setting of Plasmodium vivax Malaria: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Talreja Saloni , Bhellum Pyrus , Meena Durga Shankar , Kaur Navneet , Chhaba Naveen , Khichar Satyendra
Published: February 2025

Plasmodium vivax (P. vivax) malaria is typically considered a benign form of malaria, with fewer life-threatening complications compared with Plasmodium falciparum. However, emerging evidence suggests that P. vivax can also lead to severe manifestations, including cardiac involvement. Myocarditis, although rare, is one such complication that can result in significant morbidity. This case report presents an 18-year-old man from Western India, with no previous comorbidities, who developed myocarditis secondary to P. vivax malaria. The patient initially presented with fever, chills, and headache, followed by the onset of hypotension, lactic acidosis, and cardiac complications, including a reduced left ventricular ejection fraction and elevated cardiac biomarkers. Despite requiring vasopressor support and oxygen therapy, the patient made a full recovery after receiving appropriate antimalarial treatment. This case underscores the need for heightened awareness of rare but serious complications, such as myocarditis, in patients diagnosed with P. vivax malaria.
Tracheal Hirudiniasis Induced by Ingestion of Unboiled Mountain Spring Water
Authors: Ni Lei , Chen Yun Ce , Zhong Shan , Hua Zi Xuan , Li Qing Yun
Published: February 2025

Leeches, which are bloodsucking annelids widely distributed in natural environments globally, can cause hirudiniasis when they invade the human body. The most common site of infestation in humans is the nasopharynx, although they can also infiltrate less common sites, such as the trachea, esophagus, and urinary and reproductive tracts. We present the case of a 47-year-old male patient with a persistent cough for 2 months associated with hemoptysis and intermittent hoarseness for 1 month. Nasopharyngoscopy revealed an actively moving worm located above the vocal cords. Subsequently, under intravenous anesthesia, we removed the live worm through bronchoscopy, and it was identified as a leech. In areas where hirudiniasis is endemic, the possibility of tracheal leech infestation should be considered in patients presenting with chronic cough, hemoptysis, and hoarseness. Furthermore, it is crucial to take necessary precautions during outdoor activities to prevent the occurrence of hirudiniasis.
Integration of Muscle Pre-tension and Activation to Evaluate Neck
Muscle Strain Injury Risk during Simulated Rear Impacts Using a Finite Element
Neck Model
Authors: Correia Matheus A. , McLachlin Stewart D. , Cronin Duane S.
Published: February 2025

Prevention of rear-impact neck injuries remains challenging for safety designers
due to a lack of understanding of the tissue-level response and injury risk.
Soft tissue injuries have been inferred from clinical, cadaveric, and numerical
studies; however, there is a paucity of data for neck muscle injury, commonly
reported as muscle pain. The goal of this study was to investigate the effect of
muscle pre-tension and activation on muscle strain and injury risk resulting
from low-severity rear impacts using a detailed finite element head and neck
model (HNM).

The HNM was extracted from the GHBMC average stature male model and re-postured
to match a volunteer study, with measured T1 kinematics applied as boundary
conditions to the HNM. Three cases were simulated for three impact severities:
the baseline repostured HNM, the HNM including muscle pre-tension, and the HNM
with muscle pre-tension and muscle activation. The head kinematics, vertebral
kinematics, muscle strains, and three neck injury criteria were calculated to
assess injury risk.

The kinematic response of the neck model demonstrated an S-shaped pattern,
followed by extension in the rear impact cases. The maximum kinetics,
kinematics, and muscle strains occurred later in the impact during the extension
phase. The distribution and magnitude of muscle strain depended on muscle
pre-tension and activation, and the largest predicted strains occurred at
locations associated with muscle injury reported in the literature. The HNM with
muscle pre-tension and muscle activation provides a tool to assess rear impact
response and could inform injury mitigation strategies in the future.
Parallelization of Recurrent Neural Network training algorithm with implicit aggregation on multi-core architectures
Authors: Messi Nguelé Thomas , Nzekon Nzeko'o Armel Jacques , Onana Damase Donald
Published: February 2025

Recent work has shown that deep learning algorithms are efficient for various tasks, whether in Natural Language Processing (NLP) or in Computer Vision (CV). One of the particularities of these algorithms is that they are so efficient as the amount of data used is large. However, sequential execution of these algorithms on large amounts of data can take a very long time. In this paper, we consider the problem of training Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) for hate (aggressive) messages detection task. We first compared the sequential execution of three variants of RNN, we have shown that Long Short Time Memory (LSTM) provides better metric performance, but implies more important execution time in comparison with Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) and standard RNN. To have both good metric performance and reduced execution time, we proceeded to a parallel implementation of the training algorithms. We proposed a parallel algorithm based on an implicit aggregation strategy in comparison to the existing approach which is based on a strategy with an aggregation function. We have shown that the convergence of this proposed parallel algorithm is close to that of the sequential algorithm. The experimental results on an 32-core machine at 1.5 GHz and 62 Go of RAM show that better results are obtained with the parallelization strategy that we proposed. For example, with an LSTM on a dataset having more than 100k comments, we obtained an f-measure of 0.922 and a speedup of 7 with our approach, compared to a f-measure of 0.874 and a speedup of 5 with an explicit aggregation between workers.
Categorifying computable reducibilities
Authors: Trotta Davide , Valenti Manlio , de Paiva Valeria
Published: February 2025

This paper presents categorical formulations of Turing, Medvedev, Muchnik, and Weihrauch reducibilities in Computability Theory, utilizing Lawvere doctrines. While the first notions lend themselves to a smooth categorical presentation, essentially dualizing the traditional idea of realizability doctrines, Weihrauch reducibility and its extensions to represented and multi-represented spaces require a separate investigation. Our abstract analysis of these concepts highlights a shared characteristic among all these reducibilities. Specifically, we demonstrate that all these doctrines stemming from computability concepts can be proven to be instances of completions of quantifiers for doctrines, analogous to what occurs for doctrines for realizability. As a corollary of these results, we will be able to formally compare Weihrauch reducibility with the dialectica doctrine constructed from a doctrine representing Turing degrees.
Summer School 21 Online Okayama/Japan 2021
Authors: Schinauer Dagmar
Published: February 2025

Der Bereich Deutsch als Fremdsprache (DaF) ist Teil des Zentrums für Fremdsprachenausbildung (ZFA) der Ruhr-Universität Bochum (RUB), welches 2006, gegründet wurde. Das ZFA bildet eine zentrale Betriebseinheit und erfüllt die Aufgabe, fremdsprachliche Angebot für (internationale) Studierende sowie Mitarbeiterinnen und Mitarbeiter der RUB bereitzustellen. (vgl. dazu auch Ruhr-Universität Bochum 2020: 2). Der Bereich Deutsch als Fremdsprache des ZFA umfasst sowohl ein studienvorbereitendes als auch ein studienbegleitendes Angebot. In der Studienbegleitung sind die Kurse auf die kommunikativen Anforderungen in Studium und Wissenschaft zugeschnitten. Das studienbegleitende Angebot umfasst allgemein- und wissenschaftssprachliche Kurse sowie Spezialkurse z. B. zur Landeskunde und Phonetik (vgl. Ruhr-Universität Bochum – DaF Homepage). Für ausgewählte Zielgruppen und Partner bietet der DaF-Bereich im ZFA Sonderprogramme an, die der Studienbegleitung zugeordnet sind. Ein herausgehobenes und fest etabliertes Beispiel hierfür ist die Summer School.
Evaluación del impacto de la valoración probatoria en la garantía de la seguridad jurídica en procesos penales relacionados con violencia psicológica
Authors: Romero Flores Kevin Eduardo , Pozo Cabrera Enrique Eugenio
Published: February 2025

La valoración probatoria es menester para garantizar la seguridad jurídica en procesos judiciales, especialmente en casos de violencia psicológica, cuya naturaleza intangible dificulta la obtención de pruebas objetivas, es así que el delito, plantea retos significativos al depender de factores subjetivos como testimonios y peritajes. La ausencia de una valoración adecuada puede derivar en arbitrariedad e injusticia, minando la confianza en el sistema judicial; la presente investigación analiza la forma en la que estas deficiencias en la valoración probatoria afectan la seguridad jurídica, buscando aportar estrategias que fortalezcan la equidad y la confiabilidad en las decisiones judiciales. Analizar el impacto de las deficiencias en la valoración probatoria en la garantía de la seguridad jurídica en casos de violencia psicológica, con el fin de proponer mejoras que promuevan la protección de los derechos humanos y la equidad en los procesos penales ecuatorianos. El estudio adopta un enfoque cualitativo, basado en el análisis crítico de normativas, la investigación evidenció que la subjetividad inherente a las pruebas en casos de violencia psicológica dificulta su adecuada valoración, incrementando la posibilidad de decisiones judiciales arbitrarias; se logró identificar una falta de criterios uniformes en la interpretación de la normativa y una insuficiencia de personal capacitado, lo que compromete precautelar los derechos de las víctimas como la confianza en el sistema de justicia; además, se destacó la necesidad de fortalecer las herramientas probatorias y los mecanismos de evaluación en este tipo de casos. Es necesario implementar medidas como capacitaciones especializadas para operadores judiciales, estandarización de criterios probatorios y un mayor acceso a recursos técnicos y humanos que respalden una administración de justicia justa y equitativa.
La presunción de inocencia en la revocatoria de la suspensión condicional de la pena por nueva instrucción
Authors: Avendaño Marín Cristian David , Zamora Vázquez Ana Fabiola
Published: February 2025

En el Ecuador, muchas personas beneficiarias de la suspensión condicional de la pena pierden este beneficio penitenciario debido a una deficiente redacción normativa que vulnera el principio de presunción de inocencia. Esta situación se presenta cuando las medidas otorgadas son revocadas únicamente por el hecho de que el beneficiario figure como sujeto procesal en un nuevo proceso penal. La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar si la revocar la suspensión condicional de la pena, motivada por la existencia de una nueva instrucción penal, constituye una vulneración al principio de presunción de inocencia. El estudio adoptó un enfoque cualitativo, empleando un diseño de investigación no experimental. Se recurrió al análisis de artículos provenientes de bases de datos científicas, fuentes bibliográficas y una sólida fundamentación teórica. A nivel descriptivo, se aplicaron los métodos inductivo-deductivo para transitar de conocimientos generales a específicos, el método comparado para contrastar la normativa ecuatoriana con legislaciones de otros países, y el método dogmático-jurídico para analizar diversas acepciones doctrinarias y jurídicas relacionadas con el problema. Entre los principales hallazgos, se evidenció que, aunque la Corte Nacional de Justicia ha respaldado la redacción actual del artículo 631, numeral 10, del Código Orgánico Integral Penal (COIP), el derecho comparado y los planteamientos dogmáticos sugieren que dicha disposición vulnera el principio de presunción de inocencia. Esto se debe a que la revocación de la SCP se produce sin un pronunciamiento de culpabilidad, basándose únicamente en la existencia de una nueva instrucción penal. En conclusión, el estudio plantea la necesidad de reformar el numeral 10 del artículo 631 del COIP, ya que su redacción vigente atenta contra el estado de inocencia de las personas beneficiarias de este beneficio penitenciario. Una reforma adecuada contribuiría a garantizar el respeto al principio de presunción de inocencia y la protección de derechos fundamentales.
La hipercomunicación como catalizador de la desinformación: análisis del impacto de las fake news en la era digital
Authors: Enríquez Fierro Cynthia Shakira , Flores Narváez Allison Camila
Published: February 2025

Este estudio examina cómo la hipercomunicación en el entorno digital facilita la propagación de desinformación y fake news. La investigación se centra en comprender los mecanismos de difusión y las responsabilidades en la creación y diseminación de información falsa, utilizando un enfoque cualitativo con entrevistas y grupos focales, se analizaron los patrones de consumo y compartición de información de los usuarios, donde, los resultados revelan una falta generalizada de estrategias efectivas para verificar fuentes, lo que exacerba la proliferación de fake news y erosiona la confianza en los medios. El estudio mostrará que la educación mediática es crucial para empoderar a los consumidores y fomentar un pensamiento crítico, por ello, se propone una colaboración entre gobiernos, instituciones educativas y medios de comunicación para abordar este desafío y crear un entorno informativo más saludable, destacando la importancia de desarrollar habilidades para promover un consumo responsable de información en la era digital.
Enxertos ósseos em Odontologia: tipos, indicações e desafios na reabilitação oral
Authors: Vescia Guilherme Patias , Dal Paz Júlia , Battistella Márcio Antônio
Published: February 2025

A perda óssea alveolar após a perda dentária frequentemente requer enxertos ósseos para viabilizar implantes dentários. Diversos fatores, como traumas e doenças periodontais, desencadeiam esses defeitos ósseos, destacando a importância dos enxertos na Odontologia. Os tipos de enxertos variam, incluindo os naturais (autoenxertos, aloenxertos, xenoenxertos) e os sintéticos, cada um com vantagens e desvantagens. A escolha entre essas opções depende de fatores como disponibilidade do tecido doador, riscos potenciais e preferências do paciente. Além dos enxertos, as overdentures são uma alternativa menos invasiva para reabilitação oral. A escolha entre enxertos ósseos e overdentures é influenciada pelas circunstâncias individuais de cada paciente. Uma avaliação cuidadosa e uma abordagem centrada no paciente são essenciais para determinar a melhor estratégia de tratamento. Deste modo, o objetivo deste trabalho é realizar uma revisão de literatura para avaliar os distintos tipos de enxertos ósseos usados em Odontologia, suas indicações e desafios.
Reabsorções radiculares em pacientes tratados ortodonticamente
Authors: Lima Thaísa Mendes Gomes , Neves Carlos Geraldo das , Neves Marcos José das
Published: February 2025

Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o potencial de reabsorção radicular em paciente tratados ortodonticamente associando algumas técnicas ou mecânicas ortodônticas. Observou que existem diversos fatores relacionado como variáveis anatômicas, fisiológicas, genéticas, magnitude de forças, intervalo de aplicação das forças e tempo de tratamento. As reabsorções são comumente encontradas em pacientes que se submeteram ao tratamento ortodôntico, mas quando bem indicado, e com forças adequadas não comprometem a função e nem a longevidade dos dentes. Sendo assim, após criteriosa busca por artigos e relatos mais recentes da literatura, realizou uma revisão das causas de risco que podem levar a reabsorção radicular em movimentos ortodônticos que este último pode acontecer de forma imprevisível. Por isso é de suma importância que seja feito um diagnóstico cuidadoso e criterioso através de anamnese e exames radiográficos.
Extração X não extração dentária em pacientes com má-oclusão Classe I de Angle
Authors: Moraes Blenda Thayná Reis Vieira de , Neves Carlos Geraldo das , Neves Marcos José das
Published: February 2025

O objetivo do estudo foi analisar os aspectos positivos e negativos dos diferentes tratamentos para a má-oclusão Classe I de Angle em pacientes adultos que se submeteram ao tratamento ortodôntico com ou sem extração de dentes. A extração dentária com finalidade ortodôntica é um assunto que gera controvérsia na ortodontia há muitos anos. Atualmente o critério para determinar a escolha do protocolo de tratamento vai muito além do estudo de modelos e posições dos dentes. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida a partir de uma busca nas bases de dados Medline, SciELO, PubMed, foram selecionados artigos publicados nos últimos 10 anos que abordaram tratamentos ortodônticos com e sem extração dentária. Concluiu-se que todas as alternativas apresentam pontos positivos e negativos, sendo que o melhor plano de tratamento vai depender das características individuais de cada paciente, avaliando sempre a predileção do profissional e do paciente de acordo com os tratamentos disponíveis para cada caso.
Adesão de laminados cerâmicos: estratégias e desafios para longevidade e sucesso clínico
Authors: Alves Janaina
Published: February 2025

Laminados cerâmicos representam restaurações duráveis. Porém, sua longevidade é influenciada por uma variedade de fatores, incluindo o tipo de adesivo utilizado, a presença de resina composta na estrutura dentária, a técnica de cimentação empregada, o método de fotopolimerização e características específicas do paciente. Estratégias como o selamento imediato da dentina têm se mostrado eficazes na melhoria da adesão, reduzindo falhas, sensibilidade pós-operatória e prevenindo descolamento das restaurações. A seleção criteriosa de materiais, sistemas adesivos e tipos de cimento (autocondicionantes ou convencionais) é fundamental para garantir a longevidade da restauração. Além disso, aspectos individuais do paciente, como hábitos de higiene oral e bruxismo, são fatores que influenciam na longevidade dos laminados cerâmicos. Portanto, promover uma comunicação aberta entre paciente e dentista, juntamente com visitas regulares para avaliação e manutenção pós-tratamento, é essencial para assegurar resultados clínicos satisfatórios e de longa duração.
Use of doxycycline in the treatment of periodontal diseases: a brief review
Authors: Müller Guilherme Sada Duque , Santos Igor Fonseca dos , Oliveira Renato Pichini de , Margute Túlio Garcia , Margute Tiago Garcia
Published: February 2025

For a long time, it was considered a challange to find a drug capable to act directly in the periodontal pockets without causing adverse effects innerent to its constant use. In what it seems, recent advances in the area of periodontal pharmacology managed to achieve said results with safety thanks to several studies in the area, be that with cientific articles or by the oversight of regulatory agencies such as the FDA. The doxicycline can be used in its antimicrobial form, subantimicrobial and of controlled release, each one of the mechanisms capable of causing a positive effect in periodontal treatment depending on how it is used and if used correctly where it is indicated. It is just a matter of time until this advances in periodontal pharmacology come to all continents and to all general clinicians and periodontists that have the interest in aquairing the correct knowledge on how to use them.