bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modeling Flood Susceptible Areas Using Deep Learning Techniques with Random Subspace: A Case Study of the Mae Chan Basin in Thailand
Authors: Chantee Surachai , Mayakul Theeraya
Published: February 2024

Flooding is a recurring global issue that leads to substantial loss of life and property damage.  A crucial tool in managing and mitigating the impact of flooding is using flood hazard maps, which help identify high-risk areas and enable effective planning and management. This study presents a study on developing a predictive model to identify flood-prone areas in the Mae Chan Basin of Thailand using machine learning techniques, precisely the random sub-space ensemble method combined with a deep neural network (RS-DNN) and Nadam optimizer. The model was trained using 11 geographic information system (GIS) layers, including rainfall, elevation, slope, distance from the river, soil group, NDVI, road density, curvature, land use, flow accumulation, geology, and flood inventory data. Feature selection was carried out using the Gain Ratio method. The model was validated using accuracy, precision, ROC, and AUC metrics. Using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test, the effectiveness was compared to other machine learning algorithms, including random tree and support vector machines. The results showed that the RS-DNN model achieved a higher classification accuracy of 97% in both the training and testing datasets, compared to random tree (93%) and SVM (82%). The model's performance was also validated by its high AUC value of (0.99), compared to a random tree (0.93) and SVM (0.82) at a significance level of 0.05. In conclusion, the RS-DNN model is a highly accurate tool for identifying flood-prone areas, aiding in effective flood management and planning.
Analyse exploratoire spatiale des effets sanitaires et économiques de la COVID-19 à partir de données mondiales
Authors: Diandy Idrissa Yaya
Published: February 2024

L'objectif : L'objectif de cet article est d'analyser les effets sanitaires et économiques de la pandémie de COVID-19.
Conception/méthodologie/approche : L'échantillon est composé de 132 pays et la méthodologie se fonde sur l ' analyse exploratoire des données spatiales. Le calcul de l'output gap par la méthode de Hodrick-Prescott a permis de ressortir les conséquences économiques de la crise sanitaire, à travers les écarts de production pour l'année 2020. La variable sanitaire, quant à elle, est mesurée par le taux d'incidence de la COVID-19 et la mortalité.
Résultats: Les résultats des estimations ont permis de valider l'hypothèse d'autocorrélation spatiale aussi bien pour la variable sanitaire que pour la variable économique. L'examen du diagramme de Moran confirme le schéma d'association spatiale local positif, c'est-à-dire l'existence à la fois de similitudes entre pays voisins dans la manifestation de la pandémie et d'hétérogénéité spatiale entre les groupes de pays. De manière plus précise, les résultats montrent l'existence de clusters avec de faibles niveaux d'incidence de la COVID-19 en Afrique et en Asie, comparativement à l'Europe et à l'Amérique du Nord. De plus, si les pays à revenu élevé ont généralement été davantage touchés sur le plan sanitaire, ils ont toutefois développé une plus grande résilience économique.
Originalité/valeur : Ces résultats montrent que la prise en compte de l'espace pourrait permettre de mieux comprendre la dynamique des chocs sanitaires et économiques.
Priority Areas of the Improvement of Provisions That Regulate Procedural Costs in Criminal Proceedings
Authors:   Chief Research Scientist of Research Center No. 5 of the National Research Institute of the Ministry of the Interior of the Russian Federation,LL.D., Professor, Vlasova Natalya A. , Vlasova Vera S. ,   Senior Research Scientist of Research Center No. 5 of the National Research Institute of the Ministry of the Interior of the Russian Federation
Published: February 2024

Problems of the legal regulation of the institution of legal costs in criminal proceedings are analyzed based on the study of laws, investigative and judicial practice, professional literature. The authors bring forward amendments and supplements to the Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation aimed at the elimination of gaps, discrepancies and non-conformity of provisions associated with recovery of legal costs.
Catalyzed hydrothermal treatment of oily sludge: A review
Authors: Zhang Jie , Zhang Lingling , Li Hulin , Tian Xinyue , Huang Rongpu , Lu Jinling
Published: February 2024

Oily sludge is a common by-product of the petroleum exploration industry, which is rich in resources and has strong toxicity. It is categorized as hazardous waste in many nations worldwide. Owing to the distinct physical and chemical characteristics of sub/supercritical water, the application of hydrothermal conversion technology, which uses sub/supercritical water as a medium, has been growing in the utilization of resources and the safe disposal of oily sludge. In this article, the research on the oxygen-free hydrothermal transformation of oil sludge, including hydrothermal carbonization, hydrothermal liquefaction, hydrothermal upgrading, and supercritical water gasification, is reviewed. Due to the significant impact of nitrogenous and sulfurous compounds in sludge on hydrothermal conversion products, the hydrogenation conversion, reaction path, and kinetics for these two compounds were discussed. Finally, a summary and comparison of the studies conducted on carriers and catalysts in hydrothermal processes are provided. This review can offer recommendations for future studies, as well as guidance for the hydrothermal catalytic treatment of oily sludge.
Consumer knowledge and understanding of food labelling information in Klipgat region, of South Africa
Authors:   Tshwane University of Technology, Mahlangu E , Bekker JL ,   Tshwane University of Technology, Nkosi DV ,   Tshwane University of Technology
Published: February 2024

Food labels are the first source of information customers come across when sourcing a food product. Labels provide information about the ingredients, nutritional content, allergens, as well as the origin and advice on the food’s processing and preservation conditions. This information allows the consumer to make informed food choices. Although food labels are provided to help consumers choose healthy foods, it is not established whether they know and understand the information to use to their advantage. The need to comprehend consumer knowledge, understand food labelling information, and whether it could influence consumer choices are vital to researchers, policymakers, and the food industry. The study investigated the knowledge and understanding of food labelling information among Klipgat consumers. In a cross-sectional community-based study with a structured questionnaire, 400 participants were conveniently interviewed on consumer knowledge, understanding of information, and utilization of labelling information. A chi-square for the association of variables compared differences in the districts, and p-value <0.05 was regarded as significantly different. Overall, 79.9% of the study group from all three regions knew that processed food must have a label. Most respondents in the three regions were males (64%). There was a general lack of knowledge about food labelling information (x2=10.726; p=0.03), especially with terms such as trans-fatty acids (23.1%), monounsaturated fat (5.3%), Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA) (15.3%) and Genetically Modified Organism (GMO), (14.7%). Socio-demographic characteristics including gender (p=0.030), age (p=0.030), language (p=0.030) and educational level (p=0.030) were significantly associated with consumers’ knowledge and understanding of the labels. The results from this study are useful for the development of communication and awareness strategies of food labelling information, with special emphasis on the use of simpler terminologies. This paper advocates for the development of a “food labelling forum,” consisting of relevant stakeholders with a mandate to; establish, implement, and maintain food labeling strategies, community engagement and general food labeling awareness programs especially in typical communities of South Africa. Key words: communities, food labelling information, labelling terminology, consumer label understanding
Abundance, diversity and distribution of soil nematodes in Kangaita and Weru tea catchments of Kirinyaga and Tharaka Nithi counties, Kenya
Authors:   University of Nairobi, Mogeni IH , Bitange N ,   CAB International
Published: February 2024

Nematodes are the most abundant animals on earth and play essential roles in ecosystem functioning hence their abundance and diversity affect soil health. Nematodes have been reported in tea fields in some parts of Kenya and previous studies indicate that they may be a cause for the decline of tea population in some tea fields in Kenya. Nematodes of Moloidogyne spp have also been reported to be responsible for death of tea plants in nursery conditions. A survey was carried out in Weru and Kangaita tea factories catchment areas in Tharaka Nithi and Kirinyaga counties respectively. The survey aimed to determine the abundance and diversity of nematodes in small holder tea farms. Kangaita represented the high elevation site while Weru represented the low elevation site. Soil samples were collected from smallholder tea farms from which nematodes were extracted, identified based on their morphological characteristics, and classified according to their feeding habits then quantified using standard protocols. Nematodes from 23 genera were recovered in the two study sites representing all the five feeding groups: plant feeders, fungal feeders, bacterial feeders, omnivores, and predatory nematodes. Of the 23 genera, 11 were plant feeders, 6 bacterial feeders, 3 fungal feeders 2 omnivores and 1 predatory nematode. Kangaita, being a high elevation site reported higher population density in most genera reported than Weru which is a low elevation site. This is a departure from most studies that have reported higher nematode population densities in low altitudes. This can be attributed to differences in climatic and soil conditions in the two study sites in the same season. Kangaita was cooler with deep, well-ventilated, and loose soils while Weru was hotter with mostly compacted, shallow, and poorer soils in the tea farms. There is need for further research on the effect of elevation and farming practices on the distribution, abundance, and diversity of nematodes in tea fields. Key words: Nematodes, abundance, soil health, tea fields, elevation, diversity, feeding group
Atrakcyjność zabytkowej zabudowy w powiecie łowickim według stanu jej zachowania
Authors: Błaszczyk Michalina , Rochmińska Agnieszka
Published: February 2024

Celami artykułu było przedstawienie aktualnego stanu zachowania oraz atrakcyjności ze względu na stan zachowania zabytkowych dworów i domów drewnianych w powiecie łowickim. Autorki chciały zwrócić uwagę na poważny problem związany z zachowaniem dziedzictwa kulturowego. Na tym obszarze występuje aktualnie aż 146 chałup i 14 dworów wpisanych do rejestru zabytków. Mimo to zdarzają się sytuacje, w których budynki te nie są zachowane w odpowiednim stanie lub już od dawna nie istnieją. O takim rozwoju spraw zadecydowała ludzka bierność (dawniej nie przywiązywano wystarczającej wagi do ochrony zabytków) i brak funduszy na prowadzenie remontów. Obecnie należy więc zdać sobie sprawę z istnienia nie tylko znanych, wyremontowanych i atrakcyjnych zabytków, lecz także tych potrzebujących ratunku (ich losy leżą po części w naszych rękach). Warto wspomnieć, że prywatnym właścicielom trudniej jest otrzymać dotację i fundusze na remonty. Dwory i chałupy to istotne elementy ukazujące historię powiatu łowickiego, które należy pielęgnować, aby zachować je dla przyszłych pokoleń. Dlatego też w artykule zdecydowano się na ukazanie tych obiektów, które mają szansę pozostać w przestrzeni jeszcze przez długi czas (stan dobry i średni), oraz budynków, które w niedalekiej przyszłości – jeśli nikt nie podejmie żadnych działań – staną się ruinami lub całkowicie się zawalą (stan zły i ruiny). Atrakcyjność ze względu na stan zachowania badano za pomocą metody porównań bezpośrednich, zaś stan zachowania przeanalizowano na podstawie własnych kart inwentaryzacyjnych wykonanych w terenie i porównano je z tymi uzyskanymi w Wojewódzkim Urzędzie Ochrony Zabytków. Pozyskane wyniki pozwoliły stwierdzić faktyczny stan zachowania dworów i domów drewnianych w powiecie łowickim, a także uaktualnić informacje dla tego obszaru znajdujące się w rejestrze zabytków. Zły stan zachowania dotyczy największej liczby dworów, bo aż siedmiu, zaś jedynie trzy obiekty zakwalifikowano jako zachowane w dobrym stanie. Dzięki wykonaniu macierzy porównań bezpośrednich dla dworów i parków udało się stworzyć ranking najatrakcyjniejszych pod względem stanu zachowania dworów i terenów zieleni w powiecie łowickim. Obiekty zachowane w lepszym stanie znajdowały się wyżej w rankingu. Najatrakcyjniejszymi budynkami były dwory w Borowie, Stanisławowie oraz Osieku, zaś najlepiej ocenione parki to te w Boczkach, Chąśnie, Borowie i Sobocie. Warto zaznaczyć, że w przypadku dworów zazwyczaj znacznie atrakcyjniejszy był sam budynek niż otaczający go park (zależność ta nie była jednak zauważalna w założeniu dworskim znajdującym się w miejscowości Boczki). Warto wspomnieć, że na 76 działkach stare domy drewniane zostały już zburzone, lecz na 70 działkach nadal można odszukać zabytkowe chałupy. Dodatkowo wśród domów drewnianych przeważały obiekty zachowane w złym stanie (32), które nie były przez nikogo użytkowane. W stanie dobrym była zdecydowana mniejszość, jedynie 13 budynków, co więcej, część z nich zmieniła już swoją poprzednią formę, np. została otynkowana.
Peningkatan Efisiensi Pembelajaran Mandiri Anatomi Veteriner dengan Bantuan Teknologi Virtual
Authors: Hastapatria Eragilang M
Published: February 2024

Pembelajaran Anatomi Veteriner di pendidikan kedokteran hewan umumnya didukung dengan kegiatan praktikum menggunakan kadaver hewan dan dilakukan di laboratorium khusus. Penggunaan hewan atau kadaver hewan sebagai bahan peraga pendidikan sangat membantu pemahaman mahasiswa terhadap struktur dan anatomi. Di sisi lain, pesatnya perkembangan teknologi memberikan alternatif pengembangan metode pembelajaran seperti penggunaan teknologi berbasis virtual reality (VR). Penggunaan teknologi berbasis VR sekaligus untuk mengatasi kekurangan dalam penggunaan cadaver hewan dan pemenuhan kaidah kesejahteraan hewan (animal walfare). Metode tersebut juga mampu membawa pengguna merasakan pengalaman berada di dunia virtual dan memungkinkan pembelajaran mandiri dilakukan di mana dan kapan saja. Dalam penelitian ini dikembangkan sebuah prototype perangkat ajar dengan teknologi VR yang diterapkan pada model tulang kuda (Equus caballus). Selanjutnya untuk mempermudah akses, VR dipadukan dengan kanal akses melalui website menggunakan metode embedding sehingga pengguna bisa mengakses melalui berbagai perangkat keras seperti komputer, telepon seluler pintar dan kaca mata VR sehingga diharapkan tercipta prototype yang bisa digunakan sebagai media pembelajaran untuk membantu mengurangi penggunaan kadaver hewan dan menjadi pengembangan awal untuk penelitian selanjutnya. Dalam studi ini berhasil dikembangkan prototype sistem dan model tulang kuda yang disematkan dalam bentuk VR dan memenuhi seluruh fungsi yang dibutuhkan. Penggunaan metode User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ) prototype sistem telah berhasil memperoleh nilai melebihi rata-rata dengan komponen berupa daya tarik, ketepatan dan stimulasi yang mampu diterima dengan baik oleh kalangan mahasiswa di samping itu pengembangan prototype sistem anatomi veteriner dapat dijadikan alternatif pembelajaran mahasiswa secara mandiri, namun tidak menggantikan metode pembelajaran secara tradisional.
Memória e sentimento nas notas de falecimento da Revista Adventista no contexto da pandemia de Covid-19
Authors: Tonete Marcelino Marcio Adriano , Macedo de Novaes Allan
Published: February 2024

Propósito: Este trabalho busca descrever como a pandemia de Covid-19 esteve presente nas narrativas fúnebres publicadas pela Revista Adventista (periódico centenário de circulação nacional) durante a crise sanitária, influenciando na constituição dessas memórias. Método: O estudo se desenvolveu a partir da análise documental das notas de falecimento publicadas na seção Memória, espaço tradicionalmente dedicado aos obituários. Foram selecionadas apenas as notas de falecimento que mencionavam a Covid-19 como causa mortis. Sendo assim, das 376 divulgadas no período de junho de 2020 a setembro de 2021, 124 se enquadraram nesse critério.   Resultados: Foi possível perceber que a crise sanitária contribuiu para a ampliação da tradição de publicar obituários. Além de aumentar o número de páginas reservado às notas de falecimento, a revista criou um memorial on-line dedicado exclusivamente à memória das vítimas da pandemia. Isso permitiu que as famílias enlutadas pudessem prestar sua homenagem e gravar as memórias de seus entes queridos num contexto de negação do direito ao luto, restrições aos rituais fúnebres e sepultamentos rápidos. Conclusão: O cenário pandêmico parece ter influenciado na constituição das memórias em si, considerando o fato de algumas dessas narrativas obituárias terem destacado atitudes positivas dessas pessoas apesar do cenário caótico. Além disso, a publicação das notas de falecimento das vítimas da pandemia parece ter assumido também o sentido de registro do que foi a própria crise sanitária e seu impacto no adventismo.
Rebuilding Self: Loss and Transformation in Alan Sillitoe’s “The Fishing Boat Picture
Authors: KİNCAL Fulya
Published: February 2024

This study explores the ideas presented by British writer Alan Sillitoe concerning existentialism, focusing on his unique perspective on the theme of loss through the lens of the British object relations theory. Sillitoe’s literary portrayal of the protagonist and his coping mechanisms for grief and loss offer a distinctive perspective to analyze shifts in individual identity. Our focus centres on Sillitoe’s story titled "The Fishing Boat Picture," which allows us to explore the connection between loss, grief, and personal transformation. Through the protagonist—an elderly man who comes to terms with his wife’s passing and discovers a sense of self—this paper presents a framework for comprehending how loss impacts the disruption and rebuilding of one’s identity. Moreover, it sheds light on how psychological experiences of loss can shape individuals’ perception of themselves by emphasizing how moments of loss and grief can lead to profound growth by serving as experiences. Ultimately, this research contributes to a comprehension of the psyche and how we navigate through losses and grief while constructing our identities.
ImmuneScore as a novel RNA-based prognostic signature superior to PD-L1 in advanced non-squamous NSCLC patients receiving chemotherapy combined with immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy
Authors: Lin Zhihuan , Zhan Jianhua , Zhang Li
Published: February 2024

Aim: Our study aimed to explore the prognostic predictive potential of a novel RNA-based signature called ImmuneScore in advanced non-squamous NSCLC patients receiving combined immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) treatment and chemotherapy.

Methods: RNA-sequencing data of 113 patients screened out from ORIENT-11 trial were retrospectively analyzed. ImmuneScore was calculated by the ESTIMATE algorithm. The association of ImmuneScore with early tumor progression, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) was analyzed using chi-square test, Cox regression test, and log-rank test. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were generated, with higher values of area under the ROC curves (AUCs) indicating better prediction ability.

Results: ImmuneScore was negatively correlated with early tumor progression rate (4.3% vs. 18.6%, P = 0.013) while positively correlated with PFS (HR = 0.29, 95%CI: 0.16-0.53, P < 0.001) and OS (HR = 0.32,95%CI: 0.18-0.58, P < 0.001), demonstrating higher AUCs than that of Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) tumor proportion score (TPS) (early tumor progression: 0.64 vs. 0.68; PFS: 0.67 vs. 0.58; OS: 0.73 vs. 0.63). Nomograms integrating ImmuneScore and other significant variables (age and T-stage for PFS, gender and T-stage for OS) yielded good performance in PFS and OS prediction.

Conclusion: ImmuneScore serves as a novel RNA-based prognostic signature superior to PD-L1 in advanced non-squamous NSCLC patients receiving chemotherapy combined with ICI therapy. Higher ImmuneScore indicates lower early tumor progression rate, longer PFS, and longer OS.
Guía para la identificación y clasificación de peligros químicos en los centros de trabajo
Authors:   Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, México, Guerrero-Mandujano Andrea , Gutiérrez-Mendoza Mireille ,   Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, México, Tadeo-Jalife Nahim Rafael ,   Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, México, Sánchez-Vázquez Juan Alfredo ,   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, Huitrón-Guzmán Nora Alma ,   Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, México, Real-Ornelas Gabriel Alejandro ,   Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, México
Published: February 2024

El uso de sustancias químicas en los centros de trabajo conlleva un riesgo inherente que pocas veces se reconoce con facilidad, es por ello que en el presente trabajo se pretende ofrecer una guía para el entendimiento del Sistema Globalmente Armonizado (SGA) y su aplicación en el reconocimiento y clasificación de riesgos químicos en los centros de trabajo. Con fines prácticos, la guía se divide en cuatro etapas. La etapa I, consiste en la descripción e interpretación de los elementos del SGA. En la etapa II se realiza la identificación de los peligros que representan las sustancias químicas, en la siguiente etapa se hace el registro de la descripción de peligro. Por último, en la cuarta y última etapa se clasifican las sustancias con base en la compatibilidad química y los riesgos que representan. Finalmente, se abordan algunas consideraciones importantes para el manejo y almacenamiento de las sustancias químicas peligrosas en los centros de trabajo.
REVISITING THE DYNAMIC CONNECTEDNESS, SPILLOVER AND HEDGING OPPORTUNITIES AMONG CRYPTOCURRENCY, COMMODITIES, AND ISLAMIC STOCK MARKETS
Authors: Mezghani Taicir , Rabbani Mustafa Raza , Trichilli Yousra , Abbes Boujelbène
Published: February 2024

The study investigates the dynamic interconnections and opportunities for hedging among cryptocurrency, commodity, and Islamic stock markets using DCC-GARCH and Spillover connectedness models.  Using daily data covering the Russia-Ukraine war and COVID-19 outbreak from December 1, 2019 to April 15, 2022, we document weak and frequently negative correlation between Bitcoin and Islamic stock markets.  Thus, Bitcoin could be viewed as a haven from Islamic stock market losses. The results also indicate that Bitcoin's diversification benefits are normally steady and increase considerably during turbulence. Furthermore, the net return spillovers from the Bitcoin market remain above zero during most of the study period. We also find that utilizing Bitcoin as a hedge during the COVID-19 pandemic phase leads to higher expenses. The outcomes of this investigation are expected to carry substantial ramifications for Indonesian investors and portfolio managers who adhere to Shariah law since they will enable them to comprehend the advantages of diversifying portfolios across various periods of stock holding or investment horizons.
The THE ROLE OF ISLAMIC FINANCIAL INCLUSION ON POVERTY, INCOME INEQUALITY, AND HUMAN DEVELOPMENT IN INDONESIA
Authors: Novreska Sasiaprita , Arundina Tika
Published: February 2024

This study empirically analyses the role of Islamic financial inclusion in overcoming poverty, income inequality, and human development problems by employing yearly panel data of 33 provinces in Indonesia from 2014 to 2022. The results show that, except Aceh and DKI Jakarta, all provinces in Indonesia have low Islamic Financial Inclusion Index (IFII).   Our analysis reveals that Islamic financial inclusion exerts significant roles in poverty reduction and human development improvement, while it is insignificantly related to income inequality. During the Covid-19 pandemic, the effect on human development of financial inclusion is further strengthened.  We further note that the effects of Islamic financial inclusion depends on the levels of Human Development Index (HDI), where poverty reduction and human development improvement are apparent only in provinces with high and very high HDI.
The Kalkowsky Project - Chapter VI. A panorama of synsedimentary broken ooids
Authors: Granier Bruno R.C. , Lapointe Philippe
Published: February 2024

Broken ooids are known to occur in both aragonitic and calcitic ooids with radial fabrics. In the literature, it has been suggested that synsedimentary breakage could be related to attrition/mechanical impacts, hypersalinity, or desiccation. However, this paper demonstrates that none of the aforementioned phenomena provides a valid explanation. Although the exact process remains unknown (potentially involving some synsedimentary recrystallization), it is shown that: 1) the breakage is genetically linked to the radial fabrics; 2) the ratio of ooid breakages increases with the relative thickness of the radial cortical layers; 3) fracture growth in broken ooids proceeds centripetally.
Modern Lines in Geochemistry: Anniversary Conference
Authors: Vorontsov A.A. , Kuzmin M.I. , Perepelov A.B. , Shatsky V.S.
Published: February 2024

—On 21–25 November, 2022, Vinogradov Institute of Geochemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Irkutsk), organized and held an All-Russian conference celebrating the 65th anniversary since the foundation of the Institute and the 105th anniversary since the birth of its first director, Academician Lev Vladimirovich Tauson, who headed the Institute from 1961 to 1989. The results reported at the conference encompass a wide range of research fields in modern geochemistry, including isotope geochemistry of igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks in various geodynamic settings; chemistry of ore-magmatic systems and modern methods of mineral exploration; environmental geochemistry, geoecology, and paleoclimate; laboratory modeling and thermodynamic calculations of natural and production-related processes and materials; advanced analytical methods and information technologies for geosciences. The conference presentations pay tribute to Lev Tauson whose academic carrier, as well as all creative activity, had been closely related with the development of the Institute of Geochemistry. The preface paper provides a review of topics discussed at the conference concerning various geodynamic and geochemical problems, including sources of material, petrogenesis, and metallogeny.
Características de las mujeres con recidiva de NIC post conización atendidas en el Honadomani –San Bartolomé 2019
Authors:   , Flores Valverde Manuel
Published: February 2024

El cáncer de cuello uterino es la 2da razón de muerte en las mujeres de América, es causado por diferentes tipos de VPH, sin embargo, esto se puede prevenir, ya que el cáncer pasa por una etapa pre invasiva la cual al ser diagnosticada a tiempo da la oportunidad de realizar un tratamiento y seguimiento adecuados para así evitar la progresión en aquellas mujeres con diagnóstico de lesiones intraepiteliales de alto grado(1,21). Los casos de lesiones intraepiteliales de alto grado han aumentado en los países subdesarrollados, siendo esto un problema de salud pública, ya que esta población se encuentra en edad reproductiva y no tiene una maternidad satisfecha. (23) La prevalencia de infección por Virus de papiloma humano es alrededor de 10.4%, de las cuales el 32% de los casos están infectadas las cepas 16, 18 o por ambos. Esta infección está mayormente en mujeres menores de 35 años y en mayores de 45 años. (2) Así mismo, la prevalencia de VPH de alto riesgo está relacionada con la tasa de incidencia del cáncer de cuello uterino. (3) Algunos tipos de Virus de papiloma humano de alto riesgo tienen mayor posibilidad de persistir. Las cepas 16 y 18 son causantes del 70% de cáncer de cuello uterino. Las siguientes cepas comunes son la 31, 33, 35, 45, 52 y 58 y causan el 20% de este tipo de cáncer. Según el Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas - INEN entre el 2012-2014, las cepas más frecuentes fueron 16 (23,8%) y 6 (11,9%). Un estudio de analítico realizado a 198 mujeres con cáncer de cérvix en dos nosocomios de Lima encontró que los tipos más prevalentes de VPH fueron 16, 18, 31, 52, y 35. (4,5)
Real-Time Casing Point Selection Optimization for MPD Wells Through Improved Kick Tolerance Analysis
Authors: Callerio Santiago , Ashok Pradeepkumar , Oort Eric van
Published: February 2024

Traditional casing point selection fails to reflect influx dynamics and leverage managed pressure drilling (MPD) advancements in the well design process, which often leads to over-engineering and increased expenditure. This study proposes a new approach that integrates MPD into the casing design process, employing a reduced drift-flux model (RDFM) to account for complexity. The methodology aims to optimize casing design and enable real-time assessment of kick tolerance (KT) while drilling, exploiting opportunities for optimization.

In this study, we present a comprehensive approach for determining kick tolerance thresholds, considering current operating conditions and equipment limitations. Improving on industry-accepted rules of thumb for kick volume (25 bbl) and kick intensity (0.5 ppg), this work delivers a fit-for-purpose kick tolerance criterion. The research indicates that casing point selection can be significantly influenced by previously overlooked factors, such as the impact of temperature on formation stress, kick dilution in drilling fluid and annular distribution, as well as pressure and temperature effects and rig kick detection capabilities. Including these in the design criteria yields more accurate and efficient well construction planning and reduced well control risks. Practical case history results demonstrate the potential to extend critical sections by up to 60% while increasing the manageable kick volume, consequently eliminating at least 2 casing strings out of a 7 string well design.

The proposed methodology is shown to be suitable for real-time implementation, allowing drillers to make more informed decisions about casing point selection and section length extension while still ensuring safe well operations. This enhances the flexibility of the drilling process and leads to the reduction and simplification of over-engineered well schematics and excess number of casing strings, resulting in significant well construction cost savings.

This work presents a novel approach for MPD well design and casing point selection, considering overlooked factors such as case-specific defined thresholds for kick volume and intensity, complex gas behavior, and temperature-dependent formation stresses for pressure evaluation. Furthermore, it extends the scope to the drilling process by introducing the real-time assessment of KT, generating additional opportunities for optimization, and improving well control safety. In addition, it proves the suitability of an RDFM model for KT assessment.
Study on the Shearing Force of Ram and Fracture Characteristics of Drillpipe Under Precutting
Authors: Xiao Shihong , Xiang Maolin , Guo Jun , Cui Jiakai , Tang Qiulin , Jiang Junjie
Published: February 2024

The working pressure of the hydraulic system, as well as the volume and weight of the ram blowout preventer (BOP), cannot be increased excessively. This limitation affects the shearing force provided by the hydraulic cylinder of the BOP. When shearing high-strength, large-thickness, and large-diameter drillpipes, it is easy to cause shear failure, making blowout control challenging. Therefore, we proposed a high-pressure water-jet-assisted precutting method to reduce the force required to shear the drillpipe. Based on the numerical model verified by experiments, we compared and analyzed the shearing force variations and drillpipe fracture characteristics under different precutting methods. We also provided recommendations for selecting precutting methods. Furthermore, we identified the weights and grades of drillpipes that affect the shearing force under precutting. The results demonstrate that precutting the drillpipe can reduce shear forces, shorten fracture time, and improve fracture quality. The use of water-jet precutting technology enhances the efficiency of emergency well shut-in operations and subsequent pipe fishing. The presented technology is currently at a prefeasibility stage, and further efforts are needed to implement these ideas in practice.
A compendium of ruminant gastrointestinal phage genomes revealed a higher proportion of lytic phages than in any other environments
Authors: Wu Yingjian , Gao Na , Sun Chuqing , Feng Tong , Liu Qingyou , Chen Wei-Hua
Published: February 2024

Background: Ruminants are important livestock animals that have a unique digestive system comprising multiple stomach compartments. Despite significant progress in the study of microbiome in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) sites of ruminants, we still lack an understanding of the viral community of ruminants. Here, we surveyed its viral ecology using 2333 samples from ten sites along the GIT of eight ruminant species.
Results: We present the Unified Ruminant Phage Catalogue (URPC), a comprehensive survey of phages in the GITs of ruminants including 64,922 non-redundant phage genomes. We characterized the distributions of the phage genomes in different ruminants and GIT sites and found that most phages were organism-specific. We revealed that ~60% of the ruminant phages were lytic, which was the highest as compared with those in all other environments and certainly will facilitate their applications in microbial interventions. To further facilitate the future applications of the phages, we also constructed a comprehensive virus-bacteria/archaea interaction network and identified dozens of phages that may have lytic effects on methanogenic archaea.
Conclusions: The URPC dataset represents a useful resource for future microbial interventions to improve ruminant production and ecological environmental qualities. Phages have great potential for controlling pathogenic bacterial/archaeal species and reducing methane emissions. Our findings provide insights into the virome ecology research of the ruminant GIT and offer a starting point for future research on phage therapy in ruminants.
Emergence of heteroresistance to multiple antibiotics in Gram-negative clinical isolates from two Egyptian hospitals
Authors: Al-Shebiny Alaa G. , Shawky Riham M. , Emara Mohamed
Published: February 2024

Background
Antimicrobial resistance is a major global threat; the presence of resistance mechanisms in bacteria can provide a correlation between bacterial-genotype and -phenotype. However, exceptions exist where identical bacterial cells in a population can exhibit heterogeneity in terms of antibiotic susceptibility. This response leads to difficulties in unambiguously classifying bacteria as susceptible or resistant. Heteroresistance is an example of this phenomenon that describes a phenotype in which an isolate contains subpopulations with reduced susceptibility compared to its main-population. Heteroresistance emergence led to a diagnostic and therapeutic dilemma. This study aimed to genotypically characterize the difference between the sensitive and the stable heteroresistant isolates (SHI).
Methods
A total of 151 Enterobacteriaceae isolates from various sources were included. Heteroresistant isolates and their stability were detected by disc-diffusion technique while genotypic analysis was carried out by PCR and efflux activity was assessed by ethidium bromide (EtBr)-agar Cartwheel method.
Results
A total of 51 heteroresistant subpopulations were detected, producing 16 SHI upon stability-detection. Amplified resistance genes and EtBr-agar Cartwheel method showed a significant difference between resistant subpopulations and their corresponding-sensitive main-populations.
Conclusion
Genotypic analysis confirmed that genetic mutation can lead to resistance development although the main-populations were sensitive, thereby leading to treatment failure.
Enhancing Early Diagnosis of Bipolar Disorder in Adolescents
through Multimodal Neuroimaging
Authors: Wang Jie , Wu Jinfeng , Lin Kangguang , Lu Weicong , Zou Wenjin , Li Xiaoyue , Tan Yarong , Yang Jingyu , Zheng Danhao , Liu Xiaodong , Lam Bess , Xu Guiyun , Wang Kun , McIntyre Roger , Wang Fei , So Kwok-Fai
Published: February 2024

Background
Bipolar Disorder (BD), a severe neuropsychiatric condition, often manifests during adolescence. Traditional diagnostic methods, relying predominantly on clinical interviews and symptom assessments, may fall short in accuracy, especially when based solely on single-modal MRI techniques.
Objective
This study aims to bridge the diagnostic gap in adolescent BD by integrating behavioral assessments with a multimodal MRI approach. We hypothesize that this combination will enhance the accuracy of BD diagnosis in adolescents at risk.
Methods
A retrospective cohort of 309 subjects, including BD patients, offspring of BD patients (with and without subthreshold symptoms), non-BD offspring with subthreshold symptoms, and healthy controls, was analysed. Behavioral attributes encompassing psychiatric familial history and assessments were integrated with MRI morphological and network features derived from T1, fMRI, and DTI. Three diagnostic models were developed using GLMNET multinomial regression: a clinical diagnosis model based on behavioral attributes, an MRI-based model, and a comprehensive model integrating both datasets.
Results
The comprehensive model outperformed the clinical and MRI-based models in diagnostic accuracy, achieving a prediction accuracy of 0.83 (CI: [0.72, 0.92]), significantly higher than the clinical diagnosis approach (accuracy of 0.75) and the MRI-based approach (accuracy of 0.65). These findings were further validated with an external cohort, demonstrating a high accuracy of 0.89 (AUC = 0.95). Notably, structural equation modelling revealed that factors like Clinical Diagnosis, Parental BD History, and Global Function significantly impacted Brain Health, with Psychiatric Symptoms having a marginal influence.
Conclusion
This study underscores the substantial value of integrating multimodal MRI with behavioral assessments for early BD diagnosis in at-risk adolescents. The fusion of phenomenology with neuroimaging promises more accurate patient subgroup distinctions, enabling timely interventions and potentially improving overall health outcomes. Our findings suggest a paradigm shift in the diagnostic approach for BD, highlighting the necessity of incorporating advanced imaging techniques in routine clinical evaluations.
Cortical microstructural alterations along the Alzheimer’s disease continuum and association with amyloid and tau pathology
Authors: Zhang Jun , Hu qili , Li Fang , Wu Gujie
Published: February 2024

Multi-shell diffusion MRI offers considerable potential for the noninvasive mapping of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathology. Longitudinal studies examining the ability of Neurite Orientation Dispersion and Density Imaging (NODDI) technology to detect early neurodegenerative changes during AD’s preclinical stage are limited. Moreover, the correlation between cortical microstructural alterations and in vivo AD pathology, specifically amyloid and tau protein accumulation, requires further investigation. In this research, we assessed cortical microstructural changes across the AD spectrum, including 61 APOE-ɛ4 negative cognitively normal subjects, 28 APOE-ɛ4 positive cognitively normal subjects, 58 individuals with mild cognitive impairment, and 24 with AD dementia, as part of the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative. Assessments were made both cross-sectionally and longitudinally. We also examined the regional relationships between amyloid deposits, tau protein accumulation, and changes in cortical NODDI microstructure associated with AD. Our findings identified reductions in the Intracellular Volume Fraction, an increased isotropic volume fraction (ISOVF), and modifications to the Orientation Dispersion Index in AD-impacted regions. Notably, these modifications were observable across the AD continuum, including during preclinical stages. ISOVF, in particular, showed a positive correlation with the presence of tau and Aβ pathology in critical brain regions, potentially indicative of underlying neuroinflammation. Changes in NODDI metrics correlated with cognitive performance, especially in memory, and were found to partially mediate the link between tau pathology and cognitive function. These comprehensive results suggest NODDI’s potential as an early biomarker for AD detection, disease progression tracking, and therapeutic intervention, contributing fresh perspectives on the disease’s pathophysiology.
Factors Associated with Neonatal Sepsis among Neonates Admitted in Kibungo Referral Hospital, Ngoma District-Rwanda: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Niyoyita Jean Claude , Ndayisenga Jerome , Omolo Jared , Niyompano Hosee , Bimenyimana Pierre Celestin , Dzinamarira Tafadzwa , Nsekuye Olivier , Chavez Isabella , Hakizayezu François
Published: February 2024

About four million deaths occur every year worldwide due to neonatal sepsis, of which 99% take place in low-income countries. Nearly 71% of neonatal deaths are preventable and among these, 10% are due to neonatal sepsis. Nevertheless, limited information exists on neonatal sepsis and its associated factors in Rwanda. The objectives of the study were to find prevalence and factors associated with neonatal sepsis among neonates admitted in Kibungo Referral Hospital, Ngoma District, Rwanda. A retrospective cross-sectional study design was used to recruit all neonates admitted at Kibungo Hospital in 2017. Neonates related records were reviewed to collect data. Logistic regression and Odds ratios were calculated to identify the factors associated with neonatal sepsis at 95% CI, p < 0.05. A total of 422 neonates were enrolled in the study, 12.8% (n = 54) had neonatal sepsis, and 62% of blood culture revealedKlebsiella pneumoniae. Among neonates with neonatal sepsis, 38 (70%) recovered while 16 (30%) died. Strong association with neonatal sepsis was found with neonatal age less or equal to three days (AOR: 2.769, 95%; CI, 1.312–5.843;P = 0.008); and gestational weeks less than 37 weeks (aOR: 4.149; CI: 1.1878–9.167; p = < 0.001). Mothers and hospital environments should be monitored to prevent infection through the regular blood culturing and ward decontamination.
Using an experience-based co-design approach to identify touchpoints and develop strategies for implementing an intravenous iron intervention for pregnant women with moderate and severe anaemia in Malawi
Authors: Mamani-Mategula Elisabeth , Von-Dinklage Naomi , Sanabovic Hana , Verbunt Ebony , Prang Khic-Houy , Chipeta Effie , Manda-Taylor Lucinda
Published: February 2024

Background
In low- and middle-income countries, women experiencing anaemia during pregnancy are recommended to take 30 mg to 60 mg of oral iron daily throughout pregnancy. However, oral iron tablets are often poorly tolerated, resulting in low adherence. An alternative to oral iron is intravenous (IV) iron, which is commonly used in high-income countries to enable the rapid restoration of the body’s iron stores. A randomised controlled trial in Malawi is underway to investigate the effectiveness and safety of IV iron compared to standard of care oral iron supplementation to pregnant women with moderate and severe anaemia in in the third trimester (REVAMP-TT). However, strategies for informing the successful implementation of REVAMP-TT trial remain largely unknown. This study used a co-design approach to address this gap.
Methodology:
The co-design process involved two phases: 1) Information gathering—which included conducting interviews with key informants and gathering previous findings from a qualitative formative study on the perceptions and experiences of IV iron treatment for pregnant women experiencing anaemia in Malawi (n = 52) to identify the touchpoints; 2) Two co-design workshops with end-users (n = 20) and healthcare providers (n = 20) to develop strategies for the implementation of REVAMP-TT trial. We mapped the touchpoints to the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research 2.0 (CFIR 2.0) and matched the strategies to Expert Recommendations for Implementing Change (ERIC) according to the CFIR-ERIC matching tool.
Results
The following touchpoints were identified: cost of IV iron, lack of available resources and knowledge, local attitudes including myths and misconceptions of IV iron, local conditions affecting access to antenatal care, lack of political will and buy-in from high-level leaders, lack of capability from healthcare providers to deliver IV iron and lack of male involvement to support pregnant women accessing care. The suggested strategies included: providing financial strategies, developing stakeholder relationships, training and educating stakeholders, supporting clinicians, and engaging end-users.
Conclusion
We found that the ability of pregnant women in Malawi to access anaemia screening and treatment depends on the ability to address the perceived obstacles. We developed information, education and communication materials about the risks and consequences of anaemia during pregnancy and treatment to improve the recruitment of pregnant women with anaemia in REVAMP-TT trial. Engaging end-users and relevant stakeholders ensured that the IV iron intervention is tailored to meet their needs, and the implementation strategies are culturally appropriate.
Actinomyces Peritonitis In Setting of Peritoneal Dialysis Catheter
Authors: Baumgard Zachary , Horn Cody , Patten Eric
Published: February 2024

Background: A patient presents with an exceptionally rare Actinomycesperitoneal dialysis infection, which has only been recorded 4 times prior in literature.
Case presentation: A 46-year-old female with end stage kidney disease on peritoneal dialysis presented to the emergency department with shortness of breath. She recently was hospitalized due to her peritoneal dialysis catheter malfunctioning. During the hospitalization Computed Tomography of her abdomen showed a small amount of ascites around the newly placed peritoneal dialysis catheter. The patient was treated with intraperitoneal ceftriaxone for a total of four total weeks of therapy. The patient had good clinical response and repeat cultures and cell count were unremarkable.
Conclusions: Intraperitoneal antibiotics may be an effective treatment for peritoneal dialysis catheter peritonitis caused by Actinomyces. If the Actinomycesorganism is susceptible to ceftriaxone, it could be a good option for intraperitoneal dialysis due to its once daily dosing and was successful in this case.