bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Predictors of Timely Access of Oncology Services and Advanced-Stage Cancer in an HIV-Endemic Setting
Authors: Brown Carolyn A. , Suneja Gita , Tapela Neo , Mapes Abigail , Pusoentsi Malebogo , Mmalane Mompati , Hodgeman Ryan , Boyer Matthew , Musimar Zola , Ramogola-Masire Doreen , Grover Surbhi , Nsingo-Bvochora Memory , Kayembe Mukendi , Efstathiou Jason , Lockman Shahin , Dryden-Peterson Scott
Published: April 2016

Background.

Three-quarters of cancer deaths occur in resource-limited countries, and delayed presentation contributes to poor outcome. In Botswana, where more than half of cancers arise in HIV-infected individuals, we sought to explore predictors of timely oncology care and evaluate the hypothesis that engagement in longitudinal HIV care improves access.

Methods.

Consenting patients presenting for oncology care from October 2010 to September 2014 were interviewed and their records were reviewed. Cox and logistic models were used to examine the effect of HIV and other predictors on time to oncology care and presentation with advanced cancer (stage III or IV).

Results.

Of the 1,146 patients analyzed, 584 (51%) had HIV and 615 (54%) had advanced cancer. The initial clinic visit occurred a mean of 144 days (median 29, interquartile range 0–185) after symptom onset, but subsequent mean time to oncology care was 406 days (median 160, interquartile range 59–653). HIV status was not significantly associated with time to oncology care (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 0.91, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.79–1.06). However, patients who reported using traditional medicine/healers engaged in oncology care significantly faster (aHR 1.23, 95% CI 1.09–1.40) and those with advanced cancer entered care earlier (aHR 1.48, 95% CI 1.30–1.70). Factors significantly associated with advanced cancer included income <$50 per month (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.35, 95% CI 1.05–1.75), male sex (aOR 1.45, 95% CI 1.12–1.87), and pain as the presenting symptom (aOR 1.39, 95% CI 1.03–1.88).

Conclusion.

Longitudinal HIV care did not reduce the substantial delay to cancer treatment. Research focused on reducing health system delay through coordination and navigation is needed.
Public Participation in South Africa’s Policy Decision-Making Process: The Mass and the Elite Choices
Authors: Sebola Mokoko Piet
Published: April 2016

Public participation in policy-making dominates most Development, Political Science and Public Administration academic discourses. The issue of concern is the extent to which governments are able to create structures that allow for public participation of citizens in matters affecting their political and developmental concerns. The success of any government administration is, therefore, measured on the basis of how the citizens participate and contribute to the process of deciding their own political and developmental direction. It is argued that the public participation approach that considers the interests, contributions and needs of citizens in policy decision-making processes is difficult in practice. This article investigates the processes of public participation in public policy-making in South Africa with respect to the Choice on Termination of Pregnancy Act 92 of 1996, the Abolition of Capital Punishment policy and the Civil Union Act 17 of 2006. This is done with a view to determine if public participation in policy decision-making is a reflection of the choices of the elite or the masses.
Development of Public Administration and its Research in Slovenia through the Lenses of Content Analysis of the International Public Administration Review
Authors: Kovač Polonca , Jukić Tina
Published: April 2016

The development of public administration (PA) is a worldwide topic of research, considering its importance in resolving governance issues in contemporary society. Consequently, the question of PA as a scientific discipline arises at both national and broader levels. In order to explore the state of affairs in PA trends in Slovenia and its regional context, an analysis was conducted involving 78 papers published in the leading Slovenian scientific journal – the International Public Administration Review – between 2011 and 2014. Content analysis as a method applied in the research is a widely recognized approach in social sciences and in the field of PA as well. Taking into account the respective analyses of the papers in terms of predominating discipline and mainstream topics, affiliation and collaboration of authors, language, methods of research and other criteria, we examined three main guidelines of editorial policy, namely the journal’s interdisciplinary, international and practical orientation. The results reveal that PA in Slovenia is rather multidisciplinary, with a prevailing role of management (HRM in particular), law and economics (the latter even mostly monodisciplinary). International and practical aspects, on the other hand, still offer some room for improvement. In sum, to support PA’s progress and its disciplinary evolution in line with global trends and the IPAR mission, a systematic interdisciplinary and all-European approach in future theory and practice is inevitable.
O canto do cisme poética e psicanálise
Authors: Brandão Ruth Silviano
Published: April 2016

RESUMO: Reflexão sobre as possibilidades de articulação entre literatura e psicanálise, quanto à abertura de novos campos de saber e de leitura. As dificuldades e querelas que essa articulação tem produzido na crítica literária brasileiraRÉSUMÉ: Ce texte propose une réflexion sur les possibilites d'articulation entre la littérature et la psycannalyse, en ce qui concerne 1'ouverture d'un nouveau champ de savoir et de lecture, ainsi que les difficultés et les querelles que cette articulation vient provoquer dans la critique littéraire brésilienne.
O estilo e a imperfeição
Authors: Branco Lucia Castello
Published: April 2016

RESUMO: Este texto pretende refletir, a partir de algumas noções de Jacques Lacan e Georges Bataille, sobre questões relativas à produção escrita e suas articulações com a beleza e a imperfeição. Discute ainda o conceito de estilo, enquanto marca autoral, mas também enquanto marca de um sujeito que busca se inscrever.ABSTRACT: This paper aims at elaborating, from the standpoint of certain notions advocated by Jacques Lacan and George Bataille, on issues concerning written production an its links with beauty and imperfection. The concept of style is also discussed, inasmuch as it is both a sign of the author and a sign of a subject who seeks his/her inscription.
Octavio paz: ruptura e convergência
Authors: Oliveira Maria Esther Maciel de
Published: April 2016

RESUMO: Leitura dos traços de ruptura inerentes à obra crítica de Octavio Paz. Análise das reflexões do poeta sobre a Modernidade e os problemas de identidade cultural da América Latina.RÉSUMÉ: Lécture des traits de rupture caractéristiques dans 1'oeuvre critique de Octavio Paz. Analyse des refléxions du poète sur la Modernité et les problèmes de 1'identité culturelle de 1'Amérique Latine.
Proust e a pintura: a visão da crítica
Authors: Mendes Nancy Maria
Published: April 2016

RESUMO: Comentário sobre a crítica relativa ao tema Proust e a pintura através de uma amostragem que evidencia acentuadas discordâncias de ponto de vista e de julgamento dos autores.RÉSUMÉ: Commentaire sur la critique à propos de Proust et la peinture, à travers un échantillon qui montre des discordances très accentuées de point de vue et de jugement des auteurs.
A (In) Constitucionalidade do Sigilo de Correspondência na Lei de Falência
Authors: Silva Luciana Vasco da
Published: April 2016

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar uma das atribuições dadas ao administrador judicial na nova lei de falência, que em primeiro momento pode ser vista como afronta ao Direito Constitucional. Para alcançar tal intuito, procedeu-se uma análise dos direitos fundamentais, investigando sua efetividade frente ao direito ao sigilo de correspondência e a comparação entre a correspondência física e virtual. Logo após, trata-se da nova lei de falência, em que se analisa a competência do administrador judicial para receber e abrir a correspondência dirigida ao devedor.
Desenvolvimento Regional: um Estudo Baseado no Crescimento Econômico do Município de Aparecida de Goiânia
Authors: Melo Nélia Paula De , Vieira Jeferson De Castro
Published: April 2016

O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar o desenvolvimento do município de Aparecida de Goiânia com base na análise de indicadores econômicos e fiscais, à luz da produção teórica sobre espaços territorialmente contíguos inseridos em espaços nacionais. Assim, ao analisar o crescimento das atividades empresariais diversificadas e de porte variável, apresentam-se notáveis resultados periódicos. Ainda que esse fato não empreste uma ênfase prioritária à questão do desenvolvimento da região, seu resultado merece total atenção, uma vez que incorporou um conjunto de diretrizes voltadas ao combate das desigualdades sociais. Um ponto notório é o incremento das pequenas empresas que têm se destacado no atual cenário socioeconômico em muitas faces, seja pela participação nos processos produtivos na geração de emprego e renda à sociedade, seja pela elevada quantidade de empresas que vem se estabelecendo, fato este que ocasiona o aquecimento da economia local e desperta interesse para novos empreendimentos.
Adolescentes em Conflito com a Lei: Redução da Maioridade Penal
Authors: Ferreira Cleia Simone , Vieira Janaina Moura
Published: April 2016

Atos de violência social associados a ações de menores em confronto com a lei em todo o Brasil geraram discussões sociais e jurídico acerca da redução da maioridade criminal. Neste sentido, o objetivo geral deste estudo foi identificar se a simples redução da maioridade penal de 18 para 16 anos poderá reduzir a violência social causada por menores em confronto com a lei. Para o alcance do objetivo traçado foi desenvolvida uma pesquisa do tipo bibliográfica, com método exploratório e apresentação e análise qualitativa. Os dados possibilitaram observar a existência de três vertentes em relação à redução da maioridade de 18 para 16 anos. A primeira é favorável e acredita que a redução da maioridade criminal poderá tirar das ruas inúmeros menores infratores e reduzir a violência social; a segunda é contrária e considera que a simples redução da maioridade não irá reduzir o índice de violência em que os menores estão em confronto com a lei e, a terceira vertente acredita que a melhor
forma de reduzir a violência social é modificando alguns artigos do Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente, este considera que o referido estatuto apresenta somente direitos e não deveres aos menores, o que os torna mais violentos, tanto no seio familiar, quanto no ambiente social. Concluiu-se de forma geral que a simples redução da maioridade criminal de 18 para 16 anos não reduzirá a violência, sendo necessário o desenvolvimento de programas e ações educativas e socioeducativas para retirar esses menores do mundo da criminalidade.
Mood and Modality in Audiovisual Research Articles
Authors: Da Silva Thales Cardoso
Published: April 2016

An emergent genre in the academic field, the “audiovisual article”, brought new possibilities to the scientific publication. The objective of the present study is to carry out a Critical Genre Analysis of such genre, having Systemic Functional Grammar as an analytical tool. The interpersonal meanings conveyed in such articles and their contributions to describe the rhetorical organization of the genre were examined. Among the six audiovisual articles composing the corpus, belonging to different areas of study, results reveal predominance on imperative mood, mainly on the basic speech function of demanding goods and services, with provision of categorical information and instructions.
Prevalência de Distúrbios da Escrita em Estudantes do Ensino Fundamental: uma Revisão Sistemática
Authors: Girotto Patrícia Rodrigues Camargo , Girotto Edmarlon , Oliveira Junior Isaias Batista de
Published: April 2016

Este trabalho teve por objetivo realizar um levantamento das evidências científicas acerca da prevalência de disgrafia entre estudantes do ensino fundamental, além de identificar os fatores associados à disgrafia e as principais dificuldades no processo ensino-aprendizagem das crianças avaliadas. Foi realizada revisão sistemática nas bases SciELO e Google Acadêmico, identificando-se cinco estudos com resultados que contemplavam os objetivos da presente investigação: disgrafia ou distúrbios na escrita em estudantes do ensino fundamental. Destes, quatro foram desenvolvidos no Estado de São Paulo e apresentaram número de participantes inferior a 100. Dos cinco estudos, três utilizaram a Escala de Disgrafia de Lorenzini para avaliar a prevalência desse distúrbio. Quanto à prevalência de disgrafia, esta variou de 22,0% a 61,3%, sendo que em outro estudo apresentou a prevalência total de dificuldades de leitura e escrita (67,0%). Os fatores identificados como associados a esses distúrbios foram: gênero masculino, dislexia, transtorno de aprendizagem e transtorno do déficit de atenção com hiperatividade. As principais dificuldades no processo ensino-aprendizagem verificadas foram na escrita, aritmética, leitura e produção de texto. Este trabalho conseguiu
indicar importantes lacunas no conhecimento sobre a disgrafia entre escolares do ensino fundamental e pode, com isso, nortear futuros estudos sobre esse assunto, no que tange à organização metodológica, identificação dos participantes, e detecção das dificuldades de aprendizagem.
The tundra and polar semi-desert landscapes of Banks Island and Prince Patrick Island, Western Canadian Arctic
Authors: French H. M.
Published: April 2016

Tundra and polar desert environments characterize the islands of the Western Canadian Arctic. Prince Patrick Island is a typical polar semi-desert; Banks Island illustrates the intermixing of polar-desert and tundra environments. Interpretation of these periglacial landscapes must consider not only the normal links that exist between rocks, relief, climate and weathering but also specific relationships between low temperature, aridity, snow, frozen ground, wind and vegetation.
Little Ice Age glacier extension and retreat in Spitsbergen Island (High Arctic, Svalbard Archipelago)
Authors: Martín-Moreno Raúl , Allende-Álvarez Fernando
Published: April 2016

The influence of the Little Ice Age on the glaciers of Spitsbergen has been well documented by many investigations since long time. This paper studies, measures and presents new data on the Little Ice Age maximum glacier extension and retreat by aerial photo interpretation and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) tools use. It also elaborates cartography where all the results are expressed in greater detail. During the LIA maximum the Island of Spitsbergen was covered with a 7.34% more of ice than today. After the Little Ice Age, the total glacier area loss was 13.84%, which means a total of 2769.8 Km2 over the 20,008.7 Km2 of the total glaciated in the current context. The analysis of the maximum Little Ice Age glacier extension in the major drainage basins brings important differences among them; hardly 100 years ago some basin drainage increased the glacier area more than 24% (in the western and central region of Spitsbergen), while others less than 5% (in the northeast region of the Island). The greatest retreats are found in the tidewater glaciers that extend into the sea, which we explain due to different factors: their glacier front beds are found below the sea level, the intense ablation of the calving process, the fact that their tidewater fronts are thin and temperate (which make them more dynamic and very sensitive to climate fluctuations), and that the advances of these glaciers may correspond with surges, which means that the rapid retreats are motivated by the post-surging phases as well. The conclusions of the present research point out a very important ice loss in the whole Island since the Little Ice Age, and the high vulnerability of this Arctic Archipelago to global warming.
Observaciones del manto de nieve durante una circunnavegación del casquete de hielo de Groenlandia (primavera de 2014)
Authors: López Moreno J. I. , Olivera-Marañón M. , Zabalza J. , De Larramendi R. H.
Published: April 2016

Este trabajo describe las características del manto de nieve de Groenlandia a partir de datos recogidos durante la circunnavegación del casquete de hielo de Groenlandia durante la primavera de 2014. La base de datos incluye medidas de espesor de nieve en parcelas de 100 m2, y datos de densidad y de temperatura del manto de nieve a un metro de profundidad medido en 25 puntos a lo largo del trayecto de 4301 kilómetros realizados durante 49 días. Además, se midió la temperatura y densidad de la nieve a intervalos de 10 centímetros en ocho perfiles de un metro de profundidad. Esta información puede resultar de interés para el estudio del manto de nieve en está remota región, así como proporcionar información de utilidad para modelizadores de la atmósfera y procesos criosféricos.El espesor de nieve excedió con frecuencia los 4 metros de profundidad, si bien no se pudo superar en ocasiones una capa de hielo localizada aproximadamente a 70 centímetros de profundidad. Esta capa de hielo está posiblemente asociada al evento de fusión de julio de 2012 que afectó a un 98% de la superficie del casquete de hielo. Fuera de la zona de acumulación, el espesor de nieve medido fue bastante constante en torno a 1.5 metros. La temperatura del manto de nieve osciló entre los -20º y -10ºC en la mayor parte de los casos, y ha mostrado una correlación muy alta con la temperatura del aire de los 15 días anteriores a la medida. La densidad del manto de nieve fue bastante homogénea en la mayoría de los puntos de medición, oscilando entre los 320 to 390 kg m–3. Los perfiles de temperatura y densidad informan de un manto de nieve progresivamente más frío en las capas más profundas, observándose los mayores (menores) gradientes en las zonas más cálidas (frías). Se detecta un tramo de mayor densidad en torno a los 60-80 cm, coincidiendo con la capa de hielo previamente detectada. En las zonas menos frías del recorrido, se ha encontrado una capa más densa relativamente próxima a la superficie, posiblemente debida a un evento de fusión más reciente.
Effect of single mutagenesis on the binding pocket of canine estrogen receptor alpha: Structure and binding affinity
Authors: Toniti Waraphan , Chamkasem Aekkapot , Sangsuriya Panpanga , Puchadapirom Pranom
Published: April 2016

Hormone-related mammary gland tumors are among the most commonly diagnosed neoplasms in female dogs. Estrogen enacts its biological roles through specific receptors known as estrogen receptors (ER). In human medicine, anti-estrogen therapy has become the gold standard in ER-positive breast tumors’ therapeutic regimen. The binding pocket of the canine estrogen receptor alpha (cERα) ligand binding domain comprises of three key amino acid residues including E354, G522 and L526, which stabilize the cERα-E2 interaction via hydrogen bonding. The side chain of E354 shares hydrogen bond interaction with the A ring of its natural ligand E2, whereas the main chain of G522 and L526 interact with the E2-D ring. The single mutation of the E354 aberrant, along with the hydrogen bond interaction between cERα and both ligands, leads to a variety of binding affinities. According to this in silico model, it may be concluded that E354 plays a role in the cERα activities. The effects of single mutants might need to be studied further in vitro and in vivo.
The effect of online collaborative project-based learning on English as a Foreign Language learners' language performance and attitudes
Authors: Al-Rawahi Laila Suleiman , Al-Mekhlafi Abdu Mohammad
Published: April 2016

The present study investigated the effect of online collaborative project-based learning on the language performance and attitudes of intermediate level students at the College of Applied Sciences in Oman. The study is a quasi-experimental study and the sample consisted of four classes (93 students in total) in Nizwa College of Applied Sciences. These participants were in their foundation year and were taking the Academic English Course during the time of the research experiment. Two classes were assigned to the experimental group (46 students) and they were directed to collaborate online in doing their research projects. The other two classes were assigned to the control group (47 students) and did their projects individually. A language test containing reading and writing questions, an attitude questionnaire, students' project scores and transcripts of focused group discussions were used to collect the data needed to answer the research questions. The study revealed that the main positive effect of online collaborative project-based learning was clear on students' writing skill in the post test (i.e. students in the experimental group outperformed students in the control group).
Transfer of learning in the development of peer tutor competence
Authors: Brandt Caroline , Dimmitt Nicholas
Published: April 2016

Many universities run Writing Centers to provide support for students wishing to improve their academic literacy. These centers are ideal venues for peer tutoring, which may benefit both student-tutors (through tutoring skills development), and those tutored (through opportunities to discuss writing with a supportive peer). In the context of a university in the GCC region, peer tutors, prior to working, must complete required Communication courses. The syllabuses reflect student-centered and collaborative post-process writing approaches, where scaffolding is emphasized over direction, and word-by-word instructor correction of student writing is de-emphasized. Peer tutors also undergo preparation aimed at equipping them with an understanding of the rationale for these approaches and the skills needed to adapt them to tutoring. Given these experiences, the researchers set out to determine whether tutors are able to articulate such understandings and apply them to tutoring. Interconnected interpretative methods were deployed, including tutoring observation, consultation-conversation analysis and semi-structured interviews with tutors. Results indicate that tutors have significant recent experience of non-directive writing classes and may be aware of the rationale and benefits of such approaches. However, in their tutoring, content appears to be transferred from their most recent experiences but their style relies on instruction predominated by telling, explaining, demonstrating and directing, reflecting formative experience at school. The relationship between tutors’ experience, preparation, articulation and practice is explored, and recommendations are made to enhance Writing Center practices, in line with the concept of a constructively-aligned instruction system where all components address the same agenda and support each other.
A content analysis of citizenship education
Authors: Danju Ipek , Uzunboylu Huseyin
Published: April 2016

The study investigates the citizenship education, which is one of the growing attentions in academic environment on last decades. The citizenship education consider about global awareness, critical thinking and problem solving skill, which is one of the 21st Century skills framework. Throughout this research, to understand literature about citizenship education, the content analysis gave best way to systematically organize and look for articles that are somewhat similar in their approach or methods. The Taylor and Francis Group (Routledge) and ERIC databases used for collecting articles about the subject of citizenship education. The researcher has reached 165 articles from known two databases. In this article qualitative content analysis is a widely used qualitative research technique.Keywords: Citizenship education, curricula, globalisation, content analysis
Relationship between labour productivity and its remuneration. The case of agriculture
Authors: Rembisz Włodzimierz , Sielska Agata
Published: April 2016

The article aims at presenting the fundamental relationship between remuneration and productivity of labor factor. This relationship is explored analytically and empirically. It is investigated at the level of the agricultural sector, derived from the microeconomic level, i.e. an agricultural producer. Based on an optimal solution of the income maximisation problem, we derive the determinants of remuneration of the labour factor, i.e. income in agriculture. We explore analytically the improvement of labour productivity. We also take into consideration the issue of the importance of subsidies which can be refered to as the second potential source of agricultural producer's income. The empirical evidence is based on the FADN (Farm Accountancy Data Network) data for 2004-2012 for Member States that joined the European Union in 2004. We examine the statistical relationship between the indicators of developments in the productivity of the labour factor, income and the level of subsidies in selected countries.Keywords: objective function of an agricultural producer, productivity of the labour factor, remuneration of the labour factor;
Avanços e perspectivas da sociologia no brasil: uma abordagem comparativa
Authors: De Freitas Renan Springer , Ribeiro Ludmila
Published: April 2016

Esse trabalho discute os sentidos em que se pode dizer que a sociologia tem avançado ou não no Brasil e as direções que ela tem seguido ou pode vir a seguir. Sugere-se que tem havido avanço por meio de inovações metodológicas, da aposta no potencial heurístico de esforços mais abrangentes de teorização e da emulação de estudos bem sucedidos realizados nos Estados Unidos. Avanços ocorridos nas áreas de mobilidade social, religião e criminalidade ilustram exemplarmente essas possibilidades. Compara-se o modo como o conhecimento tem avançado em cada uma dessas áreas e os limites e potencialidades inerentes a cada um desses modos.
Percepção de tempo e necessidade de atividade na sociedade do excesso: educação no contexto das tecnologias digitais
Authors: Chaves Hamilton Viana , Maia Filho Osterne Nonato
Published: April 2016

O contexto educativo promovido pelas tecnologias digitais tem sido objeto de investigação de inúmeros pesquisadores. Abordam o tempo diminuto com que as informações circulam e a quantidade expressiva de atividades humanas supostamente facilitadas pelas tecnologias digitais. Como se daria, então, a relação entre percepção temporal e necessidade de atividade no processo educativo face à sociedade do excesso? Este artigo tem por objetivo discutir esta questão uma vez que se trata de um fato por vezes minimizado pelas pesquisas que abordam o uso das tecnologias de informação e comunicação na educação. Foi feita uma revisão narrativa da literatura e seu cotejo com nossa prática educativa nas condições de psicólogos de uma instituição de educação profissional e tecnológica e professores do magistério superior. Consumo de marcas, formação continuada, produtivismo no trabalho e redução da experiência subjetiva são formas de lidar com a emergente necessidade de atividade na sociedade do excesso. Nossas análises indicam que existe uma percepção de tempo comprimida, o que deporia contra uma urgente e ampliada necessidade de atividade fruto de uma sociedade do excesso. Tal situação exigiria dos profissionais da educação uma revisão de suas práticas pedagógicas no sentido minimizarem os efeitos da compressão temporal.
Public perception of science of undergraduate students from the state of São Paulo: a study through the perspective of biotechnology
Authors: Simon Fernanda Oliveira , Veraszto Estéfano Vizconde , Camargo José Tarcísio Franco de , Silva Dirceu da , Miranda Nonato Assis de
Published: April 2016

The association between scientific knowledge and attitudes toward science has historical, social and political implications. Therefore, it becomes essential to assess public attitudes in face of science as these relate to the changing context of scientific practices and their implications on practical and social problems. Thus, this paper presents results of a survey developed from a mixed approach, which evaluated the public perception of science and attitudes in face of the scientific and technological development, from the perspective of biotechnology, in a public composed of undergraduate students from different places of São Paulo State, in Brasil. The results obtained by confirmatory factor analysis are indicators that show that the conceptions that people have about science directly and positively influences their attitudes to science.
Mejora del rendimiento térmico de los edificios históricos "difíciles de tratar" en el centro de Edimburgo = Improving The Thermal Performance of "Hard-to-Treat" Historic Buildings in Edinburgh’s New Town.
Authors: Williamson Julio Bros , Stinson Jon , Reid Alasdair , Currie John
Published: April 2016

Resumen Compuestos alternativos en el sector de la envolvente se obtienen por extrusión de estirado de secciones y perfiles de panel de enclavamiento estrechas. Estos elementos estructurales, resistentes al impacto, tienen la ventaja de una instalación más rápida y segura, y su diseño modular les hace idóneos para muchos edificios y otras aplicaciones. Un desarrollo adicional en esta área puede ser la obtención de una alternativa sostenible a los perfiles compuestos actuales. Estudios anteriores han demostrado que los compuestos fabricados a partir de materiales naturales tales como fibras y polímeros bio-derivados, ofrecen una alternativa sostenible a los polímeros y materiales compuestos tradicionales. El objetivo de este desarrollo es reemplazar el típico perfil de acero ligero. Los perfiles de acabado también se pueden utilizar para terminar tabiques de mampostería existentes, revestimiento de ejes mecánicos y de extracción y revestimiento de la columna. Los perfiles se han diseñado utilizando bio-polímeros, reforzados con fibras naturales. Se han establecido los parámetros de procesamiento y las formulaciones apropiadas de bioresina y fibras naturales. También se ha evaluado la adaptación de las técnicas de procesamiento de pultrusión existentes a las características concretas de los nuevos biomateriales y fibras naturales. Como resultado, los perfiles de pultrusión adaptados a la construcción se han desarrollado con la incorporación de nuevos materiales y biomateriales basados en resina. Abstract This paper documents an innovative partnership project between Historic Scotland, the Scottish Energy Centre at Edinburgh Napier University and Castle Rock Edinvar Housing Association in which five Category B Listed, traditional pre-1919, solid wall ‘hard-to-treat’ residential tenement properties located within Edinburgh’s historic UNESCO World Heritage site each received energy efficient upgrades to walls and windows. A variety of measures were tested, achieving significant reductions in fabric heat loss without impacting upon the character and appearance of the buildings. The project is significant in that the energy-efficient upgrades all met with strict conservation requirements on alterations to Listed Buildings and have the potential to be replicated in similar properties throughout Scotland. The project won the award for best refurbishment project at the Carbon Trust’s Low Carbon Building Awards in 2012. All of the properties featured in this study are occupied by tenants within the social-rented sector who prior to the study had indicated some thermal discomfort due to poor window conditions and high heat loss through walls causing increase fuel consumption. The occupants all remained in their homes during the refurbishment activities.
How To Avoid Project Train Wrecks
Authors: Luan Pete
Published: April 2016

This feature examines the reasons why projects fail to meet their business objectives, which can be divided into five major categories:

Project objectives are not documented and owned by the project team.

There is a lack of planning and the project is not fully defined.

The management governance is poor.

The project team is not adequately staffed or integrated.

The project schedule is unrealistic.
Projeto Capacitar: Qualificação dos profissionais das creches filantrópicas e não-municipais de Viçosa-MG
Authors: Coelho Érica Aparecida , Tavares Vívian Oliveira , De Goicochea Aurora Ribeiro Rodrigo de Carvalho
Published: April 2016

As creches a cada dia têm recebido mais atenção da nossa sociedade, daí a importância dessas instituições possuírem profissionais capacitados. O Projeto Capacitar objetivou a capacitação e a qualificação de profissionais de creches filantrópicas e não-governamentais da cidade de Viçosa-MG. Durante sua atuação constatou-se alterações positivas em vários aspectos: maior integração entre os profissionais, maior envolvimento dos pais e da comunidade e mudanças na rotina institucional. Concluiu-se que seu objetivo foi alcançado e gerou melhoria na qualidade de vida das crianças atendidas pelas creches.Palavras-chave: capacitação profissional, educação infantil, participação.Área temática: Educação.
Extensão universitária, comunicação e divulgação científica: A experiência do Jornal Universitário UENF ONLINE (2002-2012)
Authors: Gantos Marcelo Carlos , Zaganell Bárbara Martins
Published: April 2016

O Jornal Universitário Online (JUOL), da Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), promove a preservação da memória científica da instituição e o estímulo à Compreensão Pública da Ciência por meio da produção mensal de informações para a internet em forma de textos, vídeos, sons e imagens. Assim, pretende-se neste artigo compartilhar o conhecimento de divulgação científica acerca deste trabalho e os resultados alcançados entre 2002 e 2012.Palavras chave: Comunicação, divulgação científica, extensão inovadora, mídia eletrônica.Áreas temáticas: Comunicação, teorias e metodologias em extensão.
Projeto SuperAção Júnior III: Rede de cooperação e de apoio à governança do movimento júnior na Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Authors: Gomes Osmailda Da Fonseca , Emmendoerfer Magnus Luiz , Souza Karoline Moreira
Published: April 2016

Este trabalho tem como intuito apresentar as principais práticas vivenciadas com o Projeto SuperAção Júnior III, demonstrando como o apoio institucional pode auxiliar e desenvolver o Movimento Empresa Júnior (MEJ) em nível local, no período de 2006 a 2011. Ao longo do relato será mostrado a evolução e conquistas do Projeto “SuperAção Júnior” no MEJ da Universidade Federal de Viçosa.Palavras chave: Empresa júnior, governança, movimento.Área temática: Tecnologia.
Um projeto de extensão voltado para o incentivo à leitura de obras literárias e cinematográficas: o caso do Instituto Federal do Espírito Santo
Authors: De Souza Ráisa Mendes Fernandes , Matos Diogo Pereira , Da Silva Elisa Canuta , Monteiro Laíze Dalla Bernardina
Published: April 2016

O projeto, realizado no Instituto Federal do Espírito Santo (IFES), campus Ibatiba, pelos setores Núcleo Pedagógico e Biblioteca, tem como proposta inicial investigar o papel exercido pelas obras cinematográficas na fixação de conteúdo das obras bibliográficas relacionadas. Esse projeto foi criado mediante a necessidade de mais iniciativas voltadas para a leitura, além da importância de potencializar o acervo da Biblioteca. Tem como objetivos específicos despertar nos alunos participantes o senso crítico sobre filmes originados de obras literárias; contribuir para o incentivo à leitura de obras bibliográficas e cinematográficas e analisar as contribuições das obras cinematográficas como instrumento pedagógico. O projeto será composto por oito encontros, destinados à discussão dos dois tipos de obras. Acredita-se que o projeto servirá de insumo para futuros trabalhos ligados à leitura e aprendizagem.Palavras chave: Cinema, educação, incentivo à leitura, Instituto Federal do Espírito Santo.Áreas temáticas: Cultura eeducação.
O olhar da Economia Solidária sobre uma experiência de Feira de Alimentos e Artesanato
Authors: Da Silva Jerusa Rosa , Rover Oscar José
Published: April 2016

A feira da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC) é um dos principais espaços de venda direta de Florianópolis/SC. Em 2013 iniciou se uma ação de extensão no intuito de auxiliar a feira a manter seus potenciais solidário e ecológico os quais se definiram desde a origem da mesma como seus princípios. Neste artigo se analisou, a partir da abordagem da Economia Solidária, dimensões que limitaram e potencializaram a reconstrução social da feira. A metodologia utilizada foi pesquisa-ação, que se trata de uma pesquisa social com base empírica, concebida e realizada por meio de uma ação coletiva. Notou-se que a feira está distante da proposta inicial, em alguns quesitos, mas há em sua dinâmica organizativa e comercial, diversos elementos de caráter solidário. Após uma série de atividades de extensão, concluiu-se que ela é de extrema importância dentro da Universidade, interligando a comunidade universitária com os feirantes, gerando efetiva integração entre a instituição e a sociedade de seu entorno territorial.
The effect of chlorine and combined chlorine/UV treatment on coliphages in drinking water disinfection
Authors: Zyara Alyaa M. , Torvinen Eila , Veijalainen Anna-Maria , Heinonen-Tanski Helvi
Published: April 2016

Chlorine disinfection is a globally used method to ensure the safety of drinking water. However, it has not always been successful against viruses and, therefore, it is important to find new methods to disinfect water. Seventeen different coliphages were isolated from the treated municipal wastewater. These coliphages and MS2 were treated with different dosages of chlorine in drinking water, and a combined chlorine/ultraviolet irradiation treatment for the chlorine-resistant coliphages. Chlorine disinfection with 0.3–0.5 mg/L total chlorine (free Cl-dosage 0.12–0.21 mg/L) for 10 min achieved 2.5–5.7 Log10-reductions for 11 sensitive coliphages. The six most resistant coliphages showed no reduction with these chlorine concentrations. MS2 was intermediate in chlorine resistance, and thus it is not a good indicator for viruses in chlorine disinfection. In the combined treatment total chlorine of 0.05–0.25 mg/L (free Cl-dosage 0.02–0.08 mg/L) and ultraviolet irradiation (14–22 mWs/cm2) were more effective than chlorine alone, and 3–5 Log10-reductions were achieved for the chlorine-resistant strains. The chlorination efficiency could be increased by higher dosages and longer contact times, but this could increase the formation of disinfection by-products. Therefore, the combination treatment is a recommended disinfection method.
SEM study of ultrastructural changes in branchial architecture of Ctenopharyngodon idella (Cuvier & Valenciennes) exposed to chlorpyrifos
Authors: Kaur Mandeep , Jindal Rajinder
Published: April 2016

We evaluated structural modifications in the branchial architecture of grass
carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella, chronically exposed to chlorpyrifos (an
organophosphate) using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Static renewal
tests were conducted for 96 h to determine the LC50 of chlorpyrifos to the
fish. Physicochemical analysis of water was done using standard methods. To
assess the effect of chronic toxicity, fish were exposed to two sublethal
concentrations (1.44 ?g/L and 2.41 ?g/L) of chlorpyrifos for 15, 30 and 60
days, after which gills were examined by SEM, which revealed changes in gill
ultrastructure. Branchial alterations included distorted secondary lamellae
in the form of curling and shortening, erosion in a few primary filaments and
a wrinkled and denuded epithelial surface. Excessive mucosal openings (mucoid
hyperplasia) on the surface were observed in the gills of fish exposed to
both concentrations of chlorpyrifos. Alteration in the microridge pattern of
pavement cells and cracks on the gill rakers were also observed, and the
intensity of the damage was found to be directly related to the toxicant
concentration and exposure period. The present study revealed that the
assessment of surface morphology can serve as a novel bioindicator of
pollution, disease and toxicity.
Lumbar Thrust Manipulation and Exercise for the Treatment of Mechanical Low Back Pain in Adolescents: A Case Series
Authors: Walston Zachary , Yake Dale
Published: April 2016

Study Design

Case series.

Background

Low back pain (LBP) is an increasing problem in health care. The evidence for the use of spinal manipulative therapy to treat pediatric patients with LBP is minimal. The treatment of pediatrics with manual therapy, particularly spinal manipulation, is controversial within the medical community, primarily with respect to adverse events. The purpose of this case series was to illustrate the feasibility and safety of lumbar manipulation plus exercise in the adolescent population with mechanical LBP.

Case Description

Three patients—a 13-year-old adolescent girl, 15-year-old adolescent girl, and 13-year-old adolescent boy—were treated in an outpatient physical therapy setting for mechanical LBP. All 3 patients were assessed using a lumbar manipulation clinical prediction rule and treated with sidelying lumbar manipulation and exercise.

Outcomes

Patients were treated for a total of 10 to 14 visits over a course of 8 to 9 weeks. Pain (measured by a numeric pain-rating scale) and disability (measured by the modified Oswestry Disability Index) improved to 0/10 and 0%, respectively, in each patient. No adverse reactions to manipulation were reported.

Discussion

The results of this case series describe the use of lumbar thrust manipulation and exercise for the treatment of mechanical LBP in adolescents. The positive results indicate that lumbar manipulation may be a safe adjunct therapy. Further studies, including randomized controlled trials, are needed to determine effectiveness.

Level of Evidence

Therapy, level 4. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2016;46(5):391–398. Epub 6 Apr 2016. doi:10.2519/jospt.2016.6366
Using Embedded Visual Coding to Support Contextualization of Historical Texts
Authors: Baron Christine
Published: April 2016

This mixed-method study examines the think-aloud protocols of 48 randomly assigned undergraduate students to understand what effect embedding a visual coding system, based on reliable visual cues for establishing historical time period, would have on novice history students’ ability to contextualize historic documents. Results indicate that using multiple embedded images per time period significantly improves students’ ability to source and contextualize historical sources.
Putting Students at the Centre of Classroom L2 Writing Assessment
Authors: Lee Icy
Published: April 2016

In many educational contexts, L2 writing assessment tends to emphasize its summative functions (i.e., assessment of learning – AoL) more than its formative potential (i.e., assessment for – AfL). While the teacher plays a dominant role in AoL, central to AfL is the role of the students, alongside that of the teacher and peers. A student-centred approach to L2 writing assessment involves learners actively in setting goals, monitoring their progress, and deciding how to address the gaps in their learning. Such a focus, also referred to as assessment as learning (AaL), puts students at the centre of classroom assessment. In the L2 writing literature, however, descriptions and explanations about how AaL can be implemented in the writing classroom are scant. This article attempts to provide a clear understanding of AaL and how a student-centred approach to classroom assessment can be applied in the L2 writing classroom, thus contributing new knowledge to the existing literature on classroom L2 writing assessment.
Editorial
Authors: Grassiani Erella , Horstmann Alexander , Buch Segal Lotte , Stade Ronald , Vigh Henrik
Published: April 2016

Violence, defined as the intentional inflicting of injury and damage, seems to always have been a fact of human life. Whether in the shape of raids, ambushes, wars, massacres, genocides, insurgences, terrorism, or gang assaults, socially organized violence, that is, human groups orchestrating and committing violent acts, has been a steady companion of human life through the ages. The human quest to make sense of violence is probably as old as violence itself. Academic conflict research both continues and advances this quest. As long as wars were waged between nations, the research on armed conflicts focused on international relations and great power politics. This paradigm was kept alive even when the asymmetrical warfare of decolonization spread across the world, because by then the frame of analysis was the binary system of the Cold War and regional conflicts were classifi ed as proxy wars. After the end of the Cold War, the academic interest in forms of organized violence other than international conflict became more general in the social sciences, not least in anthropology, a discipline whose long-standing research interest in violent conflict previously had been directed almost exclusively towards “tribal warfare.” But, following their research tradition, anthropologists also began to conduct field studies in contemporary war zones and other violent settings.
Managing Danger in Fieldwork with Perpetrators of Political Violence and State Terror
Authors: Sluka Jeffrey A.
Published: April 2016

The ethnography of state terror is “high risk” research and there are real personal dangers for anyone who conducts fieldwork on this issue. Managing such dangers has particularly become an issue for those conducting primary research with perpetrators of state terror—the “rank and file” who apply the electric cattle prods and pull the triggers—and all of the researchers I know who have taken this path have been threatened in one form or another. Th is article reviews the core literature and latest developments in managing the physical dangers inherent in the ethnography of political violence and state terror, particularly fieldwork or primary research with the actual perpetrators themselves, makes practical recommendations for managing such dangers, and presents some ideas for developing risk management plans or protocols for researcher survival in perilous field sites.
Digitizing the Western Gaze
Authors: Cammaert Jessica
Published: April 2016

The increasing digitization of print media has resulted in the expansion of female genital mutilation (FGM) eradication efforts from print articles, editorials and novels, to online newspapers. The Guardian recently launched an online “End FGM Guardian Global Media Campaign,” incorporating video, film, and multimedia. This report reviews the digitization of FGM eradication efforts by comparing End FGM to past anti-female circumcision screen texts. Focusing on a film featured in the campaign, Shara Amin and Nabaz Ahmed’s 2007 documentary, A Handful of Ash, this report applies a post-colonial feminist critique of gender, sexuality and colonialism to examine how the digitization of pain and suffering is mobilized and consumed. Comparing the film to anti-circumcision screen texts, Ousmane Sembène’s Moolaadé and Sherry Hormann’s Desert Flower, this report historicizes the global media campaign and highlights its’ repackaging of past imperialist discourses on the body in new digitized ways.
Reviews
Authors: Kubiesa Jane M. , van Kessel Looi , Jacob Frank , Wood Robert , Kramer Paul Gordon
Published: April 2016

UNNATURAL REPRODUCTIONS AND MONSTROSITY: THE BIRTH OF THE MONSTER IN LITERATURE, FILM AND MEDIA
Edited by Andrea Wood and Brandy Schillace

ETHEREAL QUEER: TELEVISION, HISTORICITY, DESIRE
By Amy Villarejo

THE PINK BOOK: THE JAPANESE ERODUCTION AND ITS CONTEXTS
Edited by Abé Mark Nornes

SEX SCENE: MEDIA AND THE SEXUAL REVOLUTION
Edited by Eric Schaefer

THE NEARNESS OF OTHERS: SEARCHING FOR TACT AND CONTACT IN THE AGE OF HIV
By David Caron
Museum Review
Authors: Ebert Anne-Katrin
Published: April 2016

In the affluent neighborhood and diplomatic district of Chanakyapuri in New Delhi lies the Indian National Rail Museum (NRM), the only one of its kind in Asia. Sprawling over 44,000 square meters, the NRM comprises a large outdoor museum, an indoor gallery and a large Auditorium for conferences. In 2010, the museum hosted the annual meeting of the International Association for the History of Transport, Traffic and Mobility (T2M).