bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Relationship between Green Infrastructure and Air Pollution, History, Development, and Evolution: A Bibliometric Review
Authors: Liao Jianfeng , Kim Hwan Yong
Published: August 2024

In response to the challenge of atmospheric pollution posed by growing environmental problems, this study reviews and analyzes the research status and development trends of green infrastructure (GI) in improving air pollution from 2014 to 2024. Using the CiteSpace tool, we explore research hotspots, disciplinary developments, significant contributors, and influential literature in this field, identifying current research gaps and predicting future trends. The findings indicate that GI significantly impacts the reduction of air pollution, the regulation of urban microclimates, and the enhancement of ecosystem services. However, existing studies often focus on isolated aspects and lack comprehensive assessments. Moreover, the research trajectory in this field shows a declining trend. Future research should emphasize interdisciplinary integration, combining ecology, urban planning, meteorology, and public health. By utilizing advanced technologies, such as drones, remote sensing, AI, and big data analysis, we can improve data accuracy and the generalizability of research findings. Additionally, it is crucial to consider the performance of GI under different climatic conditions and socio-economic contexts to comprehensively quantify its overall benefits in terms of air quality, urban thermal comfort, public health, and economic impact. This comprehensive approach will provide a scientific basis for policy-making and urban planning.
YOLO-ABD: A Multi-Scale Detection Model for Pedestrian Anomaly Behavior Detection
Authors: Hua Caijian , Luo Kun , Wu Yadong , Shi Rui
Published: August 2024

Public safety and intelligent surveillance systems rely on anomaly detection for effective monitoring. In real-world pedestrian detection scenarios, Pedestrians often exhibit various symmetrical features such as body contours, facial features, posture, and clothing. However, the accuracy of pedestrian anomaly detection is affected by factors such as complex backgrounds, pedestrian obstruction, and small target sizes. To address these issues, this study introduced YOLO-ABD, a lightweight method for anomaly behavior detection that integrated small object detection and channel shuffling. This approach enhanced the YOLOv8n baseline model by integrating a small-object detection mechanism at the head and employing the symmetric GSConv convolutional module in the backbone network to improve perceptual capabilities. Furthermore, it incorporated the SimAM attention mechanism to mitigate complex background interference and thus enhance target detection performance. Evaluation on the IITB-Corridor dataset showed mAP50 and mAP50-95 scores of 89.3% and 60.6%, respectively. Generalization testing on the street-view-gdogo dataset further underscored the superiority of YOLO-ABD over advanced detection algorithms, demonstrating its effectiveness and generalization capabilities. With relatively fewer parameters, YOLO-ABD provided an excellent lightweight solution for pedestrian anomaly detection.
Mixtures of Urinary Phenol and Phthalate Metabolite Concentrations in Relation to Serum Lipid Levels among Pregnant Women: Results from the EARTH Study
Authors: Shen Xilin , Génard-Walton Maximilien , Williams Paige L. , James-Todd Tamarra , Ford Jennifer B. , Rexrode Kathryn M. , Calafat Antonia M. , Zhang Dan , Chavarro Jorge E. , Hauser Russ , Mínguez-Alarcón Lidia ,   the EARTH Study Team
Published: August 2024

We examined whether mixtures of urinary concentrations of bisphenol A (BPA), parabens and phthalate metabolites were associated with serum lipid levels among 175 pregnant women who enrolled in the Environment and Reproductive Health (EARTH) Study (2005–2017), including triglycerides, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), non-HDL, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL). We applied Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression (BKMR) and quantile g-computation while adjusting for confounders. In the BKMR models, we found no associations between chemical mixture and lipid levels, e.g., total cholesterol [mean difference (95% CRI, credible interval) = 0.02 (−0.31, 0.34)] and LDL [mean difference (95% CRI) = 0.10 (−0.22, 0.43)], when comparing concentrations at the 75th to the 25th percentile. When stratified by BMI, we found suggestive positive relationships between urinary propylparaben and total cholesterol and LDL among women with high BMI [mean difference (95% CRI) = 0.25 (−0.26, 0.75) and 0.35 (−0.25, 0.95)], but not with low BMI [mean difference (95% CRI) = 0.00 (−0.06, 0.07) and 0.00 (−0.07, 0.07)]. No association was found by quantile g-computation. This exploratory study suggests mixtures of phenol and phthalate metabolites were not associated with serum lipid levels during pregnancy, while there were some suggestive associations for certain BMI subgroups. Larger longitudinal studies with multiple assessments of both exposure and outcome are needed to corroborate these novel findings.
Lessons from the COVID-19 Pandemic: Promoting Vaccination and Public Health Resilience, a Narrative Review
Authors: Pennisi Flavia , Genovese Cristina , Gianfredi Vincenza
Published: August 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has underscored the critical importance of adaptable and resilient public health systems capable of rapid response to emerging health crises. This paper synthesizes the lessons learned from the COVID-19 vaccination campaign and explores strategies to enhance vaccine uptake in the post-pandemic era. Key challenges identified include logistical, economic, sociocultural, and policy dimensions that impact vaccination efforts, particularly in low-resource settings. The analysis highlights the need for resilient supply chains, effective communication, community engagement, and equitable access to healthcare resources. The rapid development and deployment of mRNA vaccines exemplify the potential of innovative vaccine technologies, though public trust and acceptance remain crucial. Strategies such as partnerships with local leaders, tailored messaging, and integration of digital tools are essential for combating vaccine hesitancy. By applying these insights, future vaccination campaigns can be more efficient, equitable, and resilient, ultimately improving public health outcomes globally. This paper aims to inform policy and practice, ensuring that public health strategies are evidence based and context specific, thus better preparing for future health challenges.
Immunogenicity and Safety of a Quadrivalent Influenza Vaccine in Population Aged 3 Years and Older in Chile and the Philippines: A Phase 3, Non-Inferiority, Double-Blind, Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Yang Wanqi , González Pablo A. , Xin Qianqian , Reyes Mari Rose De Los , Villalobos Ralph Elvi , Borja-Tabora Charissa Fay Corazon , Bermal Nancy Nazaire , Kalergis Alexis M. , Yu Dan , Wu Wenbin , Bueno Susan M. , Huo Liqun , Calvo Mario ,   QINF Study Group, Zeng Gang , Li Jing
Published: August 2024

Objectives: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the non-inferiority of a quadrivalent influenza vaccine (QIV) developed by Sinovac Biotech Co., Ltd. (Sinovac, Beijing, China) by comparing its immunogenicity and safety with a comparator QIV (Vaxigrip Tetra®) in a population aged 3 years and older in Chile and the Philippines. Methods: A phase 3, non-inferiority, double-blind, randomized controlled, multicenter clinical trial was conducted in the southern hemisphere (SH) 2023 influenza season. Participants aged ≥ 3 years old with stable health were randomized 1:1 to receive either Sinovac QIV or comparator QIV. The co-primary outcomes were immunological non-inferiority for Sinovac QIV versus the comparator against each strain contained in the vaccines in terms of seroconversion rates (SCRs) and geometric mean titers (GMTs) of hemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibodies 28 days after final vaccination. Results: A total of 2039 participants were vaccinated (1019 Sinovac QIV; 1020 comparator QIV). Sinovac QIV induced non-inferior immune responses to all four strains as compared to comparator QIV, with slightly higher GMTs than those of comparator QIV: GMT ratios (lower limit 95% confidence interval (CI)) were 1.8 (1.6) for A(H1N1), 1.4 (1.3) for A (H3N2), 1.3 (1.1) for B Victoria and 1.2 (1.1) for B Yamagata; observed seroconversion rate differences (lower limit 95% CI) were 9.6% (6.7) for A(H1N1), 7.0% (3.5) for A(H3N2), 2.4% (−0.03) for B Victoria and 6.8% (3.0) for B Yamagata. Adverse reactions were similar across the two groups and no vaccine-related serious adverse events were reported. Conclusions: The immunogenicity of Sinovac QIV was non-inferior to that of the comparator QIV in these populations aged 3 years and older, and safety was comparable.
Highly Efficient Reduction of Vanadium (V) with Histidine
Authors: Peng Hao , Wang Laixin , Pan Wenjing , Yang Sisi , Wang Jingjing , Qin Jielin , Ao Lihua , Lin Yinhe , Tang Jinzhu
Published: August 2024

In this paper, histidine was applied to treat vanadium-containing wastewater. Several independent experimental parameters, including H2SO4 concentration, dosage of histidine, reaction time and reaction temperature, were investigated and optimized through response surface methodology. The influence on the reduction process decreased in the following order: dosage of histidine > reaction temperature > reaction time. The reduction efficiency could be achieved at 95.77% under the following reaction conditions: H2SO4 concentration of 0.2 mol/L, reaction temperature of 90 °C, dosage of histidine at n(His)/n(V) = 3.6, reaction time of 60 min and stirring rate at 500 rpm. The reduction kinetics was followed successfully with the pseudo-first-order kinetics model and the Ea for reduction of vanadium was calculated to be 25.31 kJ/mol. The reduction kinetics was affected by these factors and the kinetics model could be described by an Equation. This paper provides a versatile strategy for treatment of wastewater containing V(V) and shows a bright tomorrow for wastewater treatment.
Enhancing Soil Conditions and Maize Yield Efficiency through Rational Conservation Tillage in Aeolian Semi-Arid Regions: A TOPSIS Analysis
Authors: Cong Zijian , Gu Jian , Li Chunqian , Li Fei , Li Fengming
Published: August 2024

Conservation tillage technology possesses substantial potential to enhance agricultural production efficiency and tackle issues such as wind erosion and land degradation in semi-arid regions. The integration of no-tillage and straw mulching technologies in the conventional aeolian semi-arid agricultural zones of western Liaoning, China, has led to notable improvements in crop yield and soil quality. However, a comprehensive assessment of the mechanisms and kinetics involved in soil nutrient variations is yet to be conducted. During a two-year study period, we assessed four tillage systems in the aeolian semi-arid regions of Northern China: no-tillage with full straw mulching (NTFS), no-tillage with half straw mulching (NTHS), no-tillage without straw mulching (NT), and conventional tillage (CT). The investigation focused on examining nutrient conditions, enhancing photosynthetic activity, and increasing maize yield while improving water use efficiency (WUE). Our findings emphasize the beneficial impact of combining no-tillage and straw mulching on enhancing soil water retention, resulting in a notable rise in soil moisture levels during the crucial growth phases of maize. This approach also positively influenced soil nutrient levels, particularly in the 0–20 cm layer, fostering an environment conducive to maize cultivation. In terms of ecological benefits, no-tillage with straw mulching curtailed soil sediment transport and wind erosion, notably at 30–40 cm heights, aiding in the ecological protection of the region. The yield and WUE were substantially higher under NTFS and NTHS than under CT, with NTHS demonstrating the most significant gains in yield (14.5% to 16.6%) and WUE (18.3% to 21.7%) throughout the study period. A TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) analysis confirmed NTHS as the optimal treatment, achieving the highest scores for soil water, nutrient availability, wind erosion control, maize photosynthesis, yield, and WUE, thus emerging as the most effective conservation tillage strategy for sustainable agriculture in aeolian semi-arid regions.
Valor probatorio y seguridad jurídica de la prueba pericial del delito de muerte culposa de tránsito en Ecuador
Authors: Espinosa Karla , Córdova Rodi , García Holger
Published: August 2024

El presente trabajo conlleva un análisis crítico, orientado a la valoración a la prueba pericial que realizan los jueces en materia de tránsito, en delitos por muerte culposa. El objetivo del estudio consiste en determinar el valor probatorio de la prueba pericial y su impacto en la protección de la seguridad jurídica en los delitos de muerte culposa de tránsito. Para la metodología, se realizó una investigación documental basada en la revisión de fuentes bibliográficas, utilizando un diseño de la investigación no experimental, descriptivo y correlacional. Los resultados indican que los casos por muerte culposa a nivel nacional se han incrementado mínimamente, además que en todos los procesos los informes periciales tienen mayor relevancia. Se concluye que la prueba pericial en delitos de tránsito por muerte culposa está siendo valorada como prueba tasada o prueba madre, actuando contrario a lo establecido en el ordenamiento jurídico respecto de la libre valoración de la prueba lo que permite que se violente la seguridad jurídica.
Silencio administrativo en el recurso de revisión y el derecho de petición en Ecuador
Authors: Jara Rubio Silvia Cristina , Yugcha Quinatoa Angélica Marlene , Vásquez Chicaiza Franklin Patricio , García Flores Adriana Lisseth , Galarza Castro Christian Xavier
Published: August 2024

El silencio administrativo es una figura jurídica que se manifiesta cuando un administrado presenta una solicitud a la administración y esta no la responde dentro del plazo legal establecido. Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar el impacto del silencio administrativo en el recurso de revisión y el derecho de petición en Ecuador. El enfoque aplicado fue cualitativo. Es una investigación de análisis jurídico basada en una revisión documental de las leyes relacionadas con el tema en estudio. El diseño se enmarcó en un dogmatismo jurídico. El alcance es de tipo descriptivo. Los resultados revelan que aunque el derecho de petición es un derecho fundamental este derecho se ve vulnerado cuando la administración no responde a las solicitudes, generando el silencio administrativo. Las conclusiones señalan que el silencio administrativo negativo en el recurso extraordinario de revisión del COA vulnera el derecho a la petición y a recibir respuestas motivadas consagrado en la Constitución.
Perspectiva constitucional de la protección por padres divorciados del derecho del niño
Authors: Pico Mendoza Laura Raquel , Vargas Rodríguez Patricio Jaime
Published: August 2024

Todos los niños tienen el derecho fundamental a vivir, ser criados y desarrollarse en el seno de su familia de origen, salvo en casos excepcionales determinados judicialmente. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar la perspectiva constitucional de la protección por padres divorciados del derecho del niño en Ecuador. Es una investigación de análisis jurídico basada en una revisión documental de las leyes relacionadas con el tema en estudio. El diseño se enmarcó en un dogmatismo jurídico, el enfoque cualitativo. El alcance es de tipo descriptivo. La muestra quedo constituida por los documentos legales. Como resultado se tiene, la Constitución consagra el principio del interés superior del niño como prioritario en todas las decisiones que los afecten. Este principio es fundamental en casos de divorcio. Se concluye que, la Constitución dispone que las decisiones sobre el cuidado y educación de los hijos serán tomadas de mutuo acuerdo entre los progenitores
La práctica de la prueba y su argumentación jurídica dentro del marco de la oralidad procesal civil en el Ecuador
Authors: Alarcón Parra Kerly Patricia , Barba Tamayo Edison Paúl
Published: August 2024

La práctica de la prueba y su argumentación jurídica dentro del marco de la oralidad procesal civil en el Ecuador constituye lo esencial en un proceso jurídico. El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar si la práctica de la prueba y su argumentación jurídica cumplen con los requerimientos legales dentro del marco de la oralidad procesal civil en el Ecuador. El método utilizado es un enfoque cualitativo, con un diseño no experimental, de alcance descriptivo, basándose en un tipo de investigación básica, transversal y de campo, se utilizó la técnica de la entrevista dirigida a los jueces. Los resultados indican que es necesario que los abogados litigantes apliquen los Principios de Oralidad, así como mejoren su argumentación y preparación para las audiencias. Se concluye que sin una prueba adecuada, el sistema judicial no puede cumplir su tarea con éxito, siendo necesaria la preparación y actualización de conocimientos en el área.
Investigation of the electret properties of PDLA/PEC porous composite films
Authors:   University of Plovdiv “Paisii Hilendarski”, Department of Physics, 24 Tzar Asen Str., 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria, Viraneva A. P. , Marudova M. G. ,   University of Plovdiv “Paisii Hilendarski”, Department of Physics, 24 Tzar Asen Str., 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria, Grigorov A. V. ,   University of Plovdiv “Paisii Hilendarski”, Department of Physics, 24 Tzar Asen Str., 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria, Yovcheva T. A. ,   University of Plovdiv “Paisii Hilendarski”, Department of Physics, 24 Tzar Asen Str., 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
Published: August 2024

In the present paper the influence of both time and low pressure on the surface potential decay of porous composite films of poly(D-lactic acid) and poly(ε-caprolactone) was investigated. The samples were charged in a corona discharge by means of a corona triode system under room conditions. Positive or negative voltage was applied to the corona electrode and voltage of the same polarity as that of the corona electrode was applied to the grid. After charging, the initial surface potential was measured using the method of the vibrating electrode with compensation. Two groups of tests were performed. In the first group, after charging, the electrets were placed into a vacuum chamber where the pressure was reduced step by step in the range from 1000 mbar to 0.1 mbar. At each step the samples were stored for 1 minute. After that the electrets were removed from the vacuum chamber, their surface potential was measured again and the normalized surface potential was calculated. The influence of low pressure was analyzed by the equation that describes processes of desorption from the electret’s surface. In the second group, after charging, the electret surface potential was measured by the time of storage. The possible surface potential decay mechanisms responsible for the electret’s behavior were discussed. It was established that the surface potential decay depends on both corona polarity and type of films. It was shown that the samples charged in a positive corona are more stable than those charged in a negative corona.
Effect of chitosan/plant oils edible coatings on minimally processed peach quality during storage
Authors:   Institute of Food Preservation and Quality, Agricultural Academy, Plovdiv, Bulgaria, Sabeva P. , Zsivanovits G. ,   Institute of Food Preservation and Quality, Agricultural Academy, Plovdiv, Bulgaria, Parzhanova A. ,   Institute of Food Preservation and Quality, Agricultural Academy, Plovdiv, Bulgaria, Iserliyska D. ,   Institute of Food Preservation and Quality, Agricultural Academy, Plovdiv, Bulgaria, Momchilova M. ,   Institute of Food Preservation and Quality, Agricultural Academy, Plovdiv, Bulgaria, Zhelyazkov S. ,   Institute of Food Preservation and Quality, Agricultural Academy, Plovdiv, Bulgaria, Tranenska P. ,   Institute of Food Preservation and Quality, Agricultural Academy, Plovdiv, Bulgaria, Iliev A. ,   Institute of Food Preservation and Quality, Agricultural Academy, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
Published: August 2024

The edible coatings are capable to extend the shelf-life of minimally processed fruits and reduce the synthetic packaging’s waste. The used coating materials are obtained from renewable plant sources and byproducts of the food production. In addition, they are functional active ingredients. In this study, low-molecular weight fungal chitosan-based coatings with plant oil emulsions were used for coating of sliced peach. For characterization of the differently coated fruit pieces physical, physicochemical, microbiological and sensorial properties were examined during refrigeration. The used coatings extended the shelf-life time up to 10 days and the coated fruits had acceptable sensory parameters even at the end of the storage.
Electrochemical response of gallic acid on activated glassy carbon electrode
Authors:   Department of Organic Chemistry and Inorganic Chemistry, University of Food Technologies, 26, Maritsa Blvd., Plovdiv 4002, Bulgaria, Hadzhiev D. T. , Dodevska T. M. ,   Department of Organic Chemistry and Inorganic Chemistry, University of Food Technologies, 26, Maritsa Blvd., Plovdiv 4002, Bulgaria, Shterev I. G. ,   Department of Organic Chemistry and Inorganic Chemistry, University of Food Technologies, 26, Maritsa Blvd., Plovdiv 4002, Bulgaria
Published: August 2024

A simple and sensitive electrochemical method for the quantitative determination of gallic acid (GA) using an electrochemically activated glassy carbon electrode (EAGCE) is reported. The electrochemical pre-treatment of the electrode was carried in 0.1M H2SO4 by cycling between 0.0 and 1.5 V (vs. Ag/AgCl, 3M KCl) for 10 cycles using cyclic voltammetry technique. The electrochemical properties of the suggested electrode and the voltammetric behavior of GA were investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). The prepared electrode EAGCE exhibited good sensitivity, selectivity and reliability in the electroanalysis of GA. Interference studies indicate that common ions (Na+ , NH4 + , Mg2+, Cu2+, Cl– , NO3 – , CO3 2– , and PO4 3– ), as well as some organic acids (ascorbic, oxalic, citric, salicylic, and tartaric acid) do not interfere with the GA assay. The proposed metal-free catalyst has cost-effective and good performance to GA determination.
Synthesis and luminescence characteristics of yttrium, aluminum and lanthanum borates doped with europium ions (Eu 3+)
Authors:   University of Plovdiv “Paisii Hilendarski”, Department of Chemical Technology, 24 Tsar Asen Str., Plovdiv, Bulgaria, Hristova K. , Kostova I. ,   University of Plovdiv “Paisii Hilendarski”, Department of Chemical Technology, 24 Tsar Asen Str., Plovdiv, Bulgaria, Eftimov T. ,   Centre de Recherche en Photonique, Université du Québec en Outaouais, 101 rue Saint-Jean-Bosco, Gatineau, Québec, J8X 3X7, Canada,   Central Laboratory for Applied Physics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 61 Saint Petersburg Blvd, Plovdiv, Bulgaria, Tonchev D. ,   University of Plovdiv “Paisii Hilendarski”, Department of Chemical Technology, 24 Tsar Asen Str., Plovdiv, Bulgaria
Published: August 2024

Inorganic materials doped with rare earth (RE) ions are an object of intense research due to their optical and electrical properties. These materials have the potential for various applications, such as solid-state lasers, active planar waveguides, optical fiber amplifiers, light-emitting diodes (LEDs), displays, ink fillers, security features, etc. RE trivalent ions can emit light from the ultraviolet (UV) to the near-infrared (NIR) regions due to electronic transitions of the 4f-5d levels. Yttrium borate doped with europium ions was prepared by solid-state synthesis in a muffle furnace at 900oC for 4 hours, while lanthanum and aluminum borates doped with europium ions were prepared at 1000oC for 6 hours again in a muffle furnace. The resulting materials are fine white powders. Among the rare earth ions, europium is one of the most commonly used activators because the ions of Eu3+ and Eu2+ can be used as emission sites in the host lattices. Eu3+ ions can produce effective sharp emission peaks in different matrix compositions. Photoluminescence analysis of the samples was performed, based on which the luminescence intensity of the Eu3+ ion was determined through a comparative characteristic. YBO3:Eu3+ phosphor is optically active and chemically stable. It is characterized by a strong orange-red emission at ≈ 591 nm, ≈ 612 and ≈ 696 nm due to the 5D0→7F1 and 5D0→7F2 electronic transitions, respectively. Red emission is also observed for LaBO3:Eu3+ at ≈ 592 and ≈ 615 nm, characterizing the 5D0→7F1 and 5D0→7Fj (j=0, 1, 2, 3, 4) transitions. While aluminum borate doped with europium ion shows intense emission at ≈ 612 nm, making this material suitable for lighting devices. The technique of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to study the structure of the obtained materials.
Polyphenol content in tobacco (N. tabacum L.) and antioxidant activity
Authors:   Tobacco and Tobacco Products Institute, Agricultural Academy, Markovo 4108, Bulgaria, Docheva M. , Kirkova D. ,   Tobacco and Tobacco Products Institute, Agricultural Academy, Markovo 4108, Bulgaria, Stoyanova L. ,   obacco and Tobacco Products Institute, Agricultural Academy, Markovo 4108, Bulgaria,   University of Plovdiv “Paisii Hilendarski”, Department of Chemical Technology, 24 Tsar Asen Str., 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria, Dureva V. ,   Tobacco and Tobacco Products Institute, Agricultural Academy, Markovo 4108, Bulgaria, Dimova R. ,   Tobacco and Tobacco Products Institute, Agricultural Academy, Markovo 4108, Bulgaria, Dimitrova D. ,   Tobacco and Tobacco Products Institute, Agricultural Academy, Markovo 4108, Bulgaria,   University of Plovdiv “Paisii Hilendarski”, Department of Organic Chemistry, 24 Tsar Asen Str., 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria, Bachvarova M. ,   University of Plovdiv “Paisii Hilendarski”, Department of Organic Chemistry, 24 Tsar Asen Str., 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria, Syuleyman E. ,   University of Plovdiv “Paisii Hilendarski”, Department of Organic Chemistry, 24 Tsar Asen Str., 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
Published: August 2024

The aim of the present work is to determine the content of polyphenols in tobacco varieties and to investigate the antioxidant activity in tobacco extracts. Bulgarian tobacco varieties from the Basmi and Kabakulak variety groups produced conventionally and biologically, were used. Two types of extracts were investigated - crude extracts obtained by four solvents - 100% CH3OH, 60% CH3OH, H2O, and 96% C2H5OH, and purified extracts obtained by further purification of crude 60% methanolic extract using two techniques - solid phase extraction (SPE) and resin purification, Tobaccos from the variety group Basmi, conventionally grown, have a higher polyphenol content compared to the tobaccos from variety group Kabakulak. No significant difference was observed in the polyphenol contents of in conventionally and organically grown tobaccos of the same variety. The content of phenolic compounds in crude extracts by various solvents decreased in the following order: 60% CH3OH>H2O>100% CH3OH>96% C2H5OH. The crude and purified tobacco extracts showed high antioxidant activity determined by ABTS, FRAP and DPPH assays. The total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of 60% crude methanolic extracts were close to the SPE purified and resinpurified tobacco extracts
Synthesis and antioxidant activity of benzazole-based hybrid
Authors:   Paisii Hilendarski University of Plovdiv, Faculty of Chemistry, Dept. of Organic Chemistry, 24,“Tzar Assen” Str. Plovdiv 4000, Bulgaria, Bachvarova M. , Kirkova D. ,   Tobacco and Tobacco Products Institute, Agricultural Academy, Markovo 4108, Bulgaria, Stremski Y. ,   Paisii Hilendarski University of Plovdiv, Faculty of Chemistry, Dept. of Organic Chemistry, 24,“Tzar Assen” Str. Plovdiv 4000, Bulgaria, Suyleyman E. ,   Paisii Hilendarski University of Plovdiv, Faculty of Chemistry, Dept. of Organic Chemistry, 24,“Tzar Assen” Str. Plovdiv 4000, Bulgaria, Statkova-Abeghe S. ,   Paisii Hilendarski University of Plovdiv, Faculty of Chemistry, Dept. of Organic Chemistry, 24,“Tzar Assen” Str. Plovdiv 4000, Bulgaria, Docheva M. ,   Tobacco and Tobacco Products Institute, Agricultural Academy, Markovo 4108, Bulgaria
Published: August 2024

The preparation of benzazole derivatives with a phenolic fragment in the second position is of great interest to the synthetic community. These compounds have been applied as antioxidants in medicine but also in the food and cosmetic industry as preservatives. Some phenols such as resorcinol have high toxicity and different methods for their structure modification are often studied and announced. Molecular hybridization with the introduction of a benzazole substituent in the aromatic ring of resorcinol would lead to enhanced oxidative stability and radical scavenging activity. The results showed more active profiles of benzothiazole-containing derivatives than benzimidazole ones.
PENGARUH TRANSFER PRICING, LEVERAGE, PROFITABILITY DAN FAKTOR LAINNYA TERHADAP TAX AVOIDANCE
Authors: Wijaya Frendyana Adi , Suparmun Haryo
Published: August 2024

Abstract: Tax avoidance is a legal act to reduce tax liabilities by exploiting loopholes in tax law. This research aims to determine the influence of transfer pricing, leverage, profitability, company size, capital intensity, independent commissioners, and audit committees on tax avoidance.This research uses 51 manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) in the 2019-2021 period. In this research, a purposive sampling method was used and the data analysis method used was multiple regression analysis.The results of this research show that transfer pricing, leverage, company size, capital intensity, independent commissioners, and audit committees do not affect tax avoidance. Profitability shows that the results have a negative effect on tax avoidance. High profitability tends to make companies carry out tax avoidance because the greater the value of a company's ROA, the more management will tend to carry out tax avoidance because management will feel that the tax burden paid by the company is too large even though the company's profits are increasing.
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE AND OTHER FACTORS ON FIRM VALUE
Authors: Damayanti Eka Budi , Almalita Yuliani
Published: August 2024

The purpose of this research was to obtain empirical evidence about the effect of the board of directors, board of commissioner, commissioner independent, institutional ownership, managerial ownership, public ownership, family ownership, firm size, and profitability as independent variables to firm value as a dependent variable. The population in this research using non-financial companies that were listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) from 2019-2021. The sample used for this research consists of 73 listed non-financial companies. The selection of this sample used the purposive sampling method with a total of 217 research data and the data analysis method in this research used multiple regression analysis. The result of this research indicated that the board of director, independent commissioner, and profitability have a positive effect on firm value. The board of commissioner and firm size have a negative effect on firm value while institutional ownership, managerial ownership, public ownership, and family ownership have not affected firm value
PENGARUH FREE CASH FLOW DAN FAKTOR-FAKTOR LAINNYA TERHADAP EARNINGS MANAGEMENT
Authors: Nurfaidilla Aninda Okta , Susanti Apit
Published: August 2024

The purpose of this study is to obtain empirical evidence regarding the effect of free cash flow, profitability, institutional ownership, leverage, board of commissioners, sales growth, and firm size on earnings management. This study used 74 manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during period 2019 - 2021 as samples with a total sample data is 222 data.  The sample selection process uses the purposive sampling method and uses the multiple regression method in testing hypotheses. The empirical evidence obtained regarding the results of this study shows that free cash flow, profitability, and leverage have an influence on earnings management. If the free cash flow, profitability, and leverage owned in a company are high, the level of earnings management is also high. In this study, the institutional ownership, board of commissioners, leverage and firm size had no influence on earnings management.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMENGARUHI AUDIT REPORT LAG
Authors: Faiz Dicky Muhammad , Karmudiandri Arwina
Published: August 2024

This study aims to find empirical evidence regarding the factors that influence audit report lag. The independent variables in this study are the characteristics of the audit committee, financial conditions, complexity of corporate accounting, auditor reputation, audit tenure, audit opinion, and independent commissioners. This study uses manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) from 2019 to 2021. The number of samples that were successfully obtained using the purposive sampling method were 131 companies with a total of 393 data. The results of the study show that the characteristics of the audit committee, financial conditions, and independent commissioners have an effect on audit report lag. Meanwhile, the complexity of corporate accounting, auditor reputation, audit tenure, and audit opinion have no effect on audit report lag.
PENGARUH KESULITAN KEUANGAN, MOTIVASI PAJAK, DAN KARAKTERISTIK PERUSAHAAN TERHADAP MANAJEMEN LABA
Authors: Sugito Jesica , Wijoyo Dewi Sari
Published: August 2024

This research aims to determine whether financial distress, tax motivation, return on asset, financial leverage, sales growth, company size, and free cash flow have an influence on earnings management. The sample used in this study consists of consumer cyclicals and consumer non-cyclicals companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during 2019 - 2022, totalling 62 selected companies as the research sample. The sample selection is conducted by using purposive sampling method, resulting in 62 companies for this research. The analysis utilized a multiple linear regression model. The findings indicate that financial distress, financial leverage, and sales growth have a positive impact on earnings management. This implies that higher levels of financial distress, financial leverage, and sales growth increase the likelihood of earnings management within a company. On the other hand, asset returns and free cash flow show a negative influence on earnings management. This implies that higher levels of, asset returns and free cash flow reduce the likelihood of earnings management practices within a company. Furthermore, variables such as tax motivation and company size do not affect earnings management, indicating that regardless of the figures related to tax motivation and company size, they do not influence the likelihood of earnings management within a company.
THE INFLUENCE OF CONSUMERS, EMPLOYEES, MEDIA AND SHAREHOLDERS’ ENGAGEMENT ON THE QUALITY OF SUSTAINABILITY REPORTING IN INDONESIA
Authors: Nisa Siti Ammara Fazilatun
Published: August 2024

This study delves into the nuanced variables of sustainability reporting quality within the context of energy, basic materials, industrial, consumer non-cyclicals, consumer cyclicals, as well as transportation and logistics sectors. Employing a content analysis on companies’ reports, this research scrutinizes the depth and breadth of consumer, employee, media, and shareholders’ engagement on the quality sustainability reporting of companies listed on the IDX from the period of 2019-2022. In pursuit of these objectives, a quantitative study approach was employed. The research design encompasses content analysis to examine the quality of sustainability reporting from a representative sample of 45 organizations within the energy, basic materials, industrial, consumer non-cyclicals, consumer cyclicals, as well as transportation and logistics sectors. Additionally, in this research, the Multiple Logistic Regression analysis was used. The research findings underscore four key aspects; in regards to the hypotheses tested. All four variables- consumer, employee, media, and shareholders’ engagement- emerged as critical determinants impacting the quality of sustainability reporting. These findings contribute to the existing body of knowledge by offering practical implications for organizations aiming to elevate their sustainability reporting quality, thereby fostering a more transparent and responsible business environment.
CYTARABINE-MEDIATED TRANSIENT IMMUNOSUPPRESSION REGIMEN ALONE FOR HIV CURE
Authors: Suslov K.V.
Published: August 2024

Transient immunosuppression period mediated by induction chemotherapy in the absence of HAART with subsequent appearance of neutralization-enhancing RF (rheumatoid factor) antibodies (NeRFa) in the course of secondary immune response has been proposed to be the actual reason (Suslov KV, Med Hypotheses, 2019) for the achievement of HIV cure state in the “Berlin patient” (Hütter G et al., N Engl J Med, 2009). Replication of such an immunosuppression regimen in HIV-infected patients via a shortened mode (cytarabine; 100 mg/sqm per day; days 1 to 7) at the beginning of the asymptomatic period might lead to HIV cure like in the “Berlin patient”. The proposed cytarabine-based approach alone is safe for HIV-infected individuals and does not require any transplantation of stem cells. Notably, “functional cure” state might be achieved within 200 days after the period of cytarabine-mediated immunosuppression, similarly to the “Berlin patient”.
Thе divеrsity of thе sitеs (plаcеs of mеmory) of Russiа. Pаrt 1: Cеntrаl Fеdеrаl District of thе Russiаn Fеdеrаtion
Authors: Гусев С.В. , Загорулько А.В.
Published: August 2024

Достопримечательные места как регионального, так и федерального значения, поставленные на охрану в каждом субъекте РФ отражают культурное разнообразие регионов и отличались по составу, категориям охраны и режимам содержания. В целом они отражали региональную культурную политику, тесно связанную с региональным самосознанием и идентификацией. Краткий обзор достопримечательных мест субъектов Федерации Центрального федерального округа дает представление о специфике каждого региона, выраженной в составе достопримечательных мест.

Plаcеs of intеrеst аs rеgionаl, аs wеll аs fеdеrаl, providеd for protеction in еаch subjеct of thе Russiаn Fеdеrаtion rеflеct thе culturаl divеrsity of thе rеgions. In gеnеrаl, thеy rеflеctеd а rеgionаl culturаl policy, closеly rеlаtеd to rеgionаl idеntity. А briеf ovеrviеw of thе sitеs of Cеntrаl Fеdеrаl District of Russiаn Fеdеrаtion shows thе spеcifics of еаch rеgion еxprеssеd in tеrms of thе sitеs plаcеs of mеmory.
Culture of the Russian world in the geopolitical dimension
Authors: Селезнева Е.Н.
Published: August 2024

В статье раскрываются основные проблемы, связанные с сохранением и развитием культуры Русского мира особое внимание уделено роли русской культуры в современном мире.

The article reveals the main problems related to preservation and development of culture of the Russian world special attention is paid to the role of Russian culture in the modern world.
Using the historical and cultural potential of the territory in organizing thematic historical parks
Authors: Нельзина О.Ю.
Published: August 2024

В статье рассмотрены возможности создания тематических исторических парков на территориях, обладающих историко-культурным потенциалом. Парки подобного типа успешно популяризуют имидж регионов, повышают их привлекательность для туристов. Одновременно рассматриваемые территории являются интересными для инвесторов, при строительстве объектов такого рода происходит повышение качества жизни местного населения. В целом, территория Российской Федерации обладает необходимыми финансовыми и нефинансовыми ресурсами для создания тематических исторических парков.

The article considers the possibility of creating thematic historical parks in the territories with historical and cultural potential. Parks of this type successfully popularize the image of regions, increase their attractiveness for tourists. At the same time, the territories under consideration are interesting for investors, while the construction of such facilities improves the quality of life of the local population. In General, the territory of the Russian Federation has the necessary financial and non-financial resources to create thematic historical parks.
Innovative competencies in educational strategies to improve professional skills
Authors: Селезнева Е.Н.
Published: August 2024

В статье рассматриваются обновленные характеристики профессиональных компетенций, так называемые гибкие компетенции soft-skills, дополняющих образовательный процесс инновационными технологиями, повышающими профессиональное мастерство учителя.

The article deals with the updated characteristics of professional competencies, the so-called flexible competencies soft skills, complementing the educational process with innovative technologies that improve the professional skills of teachers.
Holy-Trinity-Paraskeveevki Monastery in Toplov: Echoes of contrasting events in Russian history and culture
Authors: Скоробогачева Е.А.
Published: August 2024

Статья посвящена полузабытой истории крымской православной Свято-Троице-Параскевиевской женской обители в Топлове, во многом основана на практическом исследовании автором архитектурных объектов при посещении монастыря. Прослежены контрастные тенденции, определившие строительство с Древней Руси до настоящего времени. Особое внимание уделено периоду второй половины XIX – началу XX в. – времени расцвета обители, когда ее история связана с деятельностью преосвященного Гурия (Карпова), представителями рода баронов Боде (de Bode), игуменьи Параскевы (Родимцевой), архитектора Н.А.Фельдмана, графа Н.Ф.Гейдена. Развитие Топловской обители неотделимо от противоречивой истории России ХХ в., когда монастырский ансамбль пришел в запустение, что является не исключением, а печальной закономерностью, преодолеть последствия которой отчасти удается лишь в начале XXI столетия.

The article is devoted to the half-forgotten history of the Crimean Orthodox Holy TrinityParaskeviev Monastery in Toplov, largely based on the author's practical study of architectural objects 8 when visiting the monastery. The contrasting trends that determined the construction from Ancient Russia to the present time are traced. Special attention is paid to the period of the second half of the 19th – early 20th century, the heyday of the monastery, when its history is connected with the activities of the Right Reverend Guriy (Karpov), representatives of the family of Barons Bode (de Bode), Abbess Paraskeva (Rodimtseva), architect N.A.Feldman, Count N.F.Heyden. The development of the Toplov monastery is inseparable from the contradictory history of Russia of the twentieth century, when the ensemble fell into desolation, which is not an exception, but a sad pattern, which is partially overcome only at the beginning of the 21st century.
The image of Holy Grand duke Alexander Nevsky (bead embroidery on canvas) from the collection of the Nizhny Novgorod State historical and architectural museum reserve
Authors: Яковук О.Н.
Published: August 2024

В статье рассматривается уникальный экспонат из собрания Нижегородского государственного историко-архитектурного музея-заповедника (НГИАМЗ) – икона Святого Благоверного Великого князя Александра Невского, выполненная в технике счетной вышивки бисером по холсту. Уточнена атрибуция и время создания данного предмета. Изучен материал и техника изготовления вышивки, позволившие установить, что она выполнена в монастырской мастерской.

The article considers the unique item from the beads collection of Nizhny Novgorod State Historical and Architectural museum-reserve. It is the icon of Holy Grand Duke Alexander Nevsky which was made in the technique of counted embroidery with beads on canvas in the 40s of the 19th century. The attribution, time of creation, material and manufacturing technique were deeply analyzed. So we can conclude that this embroidery was highly artistic monastery workshop, connected with one of the nunnery in Nizhny Novgorod region.
Falsification of history as a threat to national security
Authors: Филиппов Ю.В. , Сомов В.А.
Published: August 2024

В контексте международной обстановки фальсификация истории должна рассматриваться как угроза национальной безопасности. Возможность противодействия фальсификациям истории с помощью административного принуждения отсутствует. Единственным вариантом решения проблемы видится повышение авторитета истории как науки. Уважение к собственной истории возможно лишь посредством повышения авторитета историков. Борьба с плагиатом, низким уровнем научных работ, заинтересованность, в первую очередь, в изучении истории России – вот основные направления необходимого развития современной исторической мысли с точки зрения национальной безопасности. Достижение успеха на этих направлениях без поддержки государства представляется затруднительным. Социальный статус историка должен соответствовать уровню притязаний государства на исторический суверенитет. Только создав благоприятные (в том числе экономические и бытовые) условия работы научного исторического сообщества, государство сможет достичь искомого результата – сохранения традиционных духовно-нравственных ценностей и противодействия фальсификации истории.

In the context of the international situation, the falsification of history should be viewed as a threat to national security. The possibility of countering the falsification of history with the help of administrative coercion is absent. The only way to solve the problem is to increase the authority of history as a science. Respect for one’s own history is possible only by increasing the authority of historians. The fight against plagiarism, the low level of scientific work, interest, first of all, in studying the history of Russia – these are the main directions of the necessary development of modern historical thought from the point of view of national security. Achieving success in these areas without the support of the state is difficult. The social status of the historian must correspond to the level of the state’s claims to historical sovereignty. Only by creating favorable (including economic and domestic) working conditions of the scientific historical community, the state will be able to achieve the desired result – preserving traditional spiritual and moral values and countering the falsification of history.
The space of the Church of the Transfiguration of the Kizhi Pogost in the context of Hierotopy
Authors: Диброва А.В.
Published: August 2024

Церковь Преображения Господня (1714) входит в состав Кижского погоста. В 1990 г. погост был включен в список объектов Всемирного наследия ЮНЕСКО, в 1993 внесен в список объектов культурного наследия России. Четырехъярусный иконостас церкви Преображения Господня датируется второй половиной XVIII в. и состоит из 105 икон (кон. XVII нач. XIX вв.). В статье рассматриваются вопросы создания сакрального пространства церкви церкви Преображения Господня в контексте иеротопии современной концепции, представленной Алексеем Лидовым.

The Church of the Transfiguration (1714) is the most remarkable part of the Kizhi Pogost. In 1990, the pogost was included in the UNESCO list of World Heritage sites and in 1993 listed as a Russian Cultural Heritage site. The iconostasis of the Church of the Transfiguration is dated to the second half of the 18th century, has four levels and contains 105 icons (are from the late 17th century to the early 19th century). This article considers the question about the creation of sacred space of the Church of the Transfiguration in the context of Hierotopy the modern concept is originally developed by Alexei Lidov.