bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pelaksanaan Konsep Kecerdasan Jamak Pada learning centers Di PAUD Dellia Creative School Kota Bengkulu
Authors: Safitri Dewi Yuliana , Parlan Parlan , Rahmat Agus
Published: June 2021

This study aims to describe: (1)the Implementation of multiple intelligences concept in learning center at education for early age Dellia creative school and; (2) Supporting factors and the inhibiting implementation of multiple intelligences concept at learning center in education for early age Dellia creative school. The Implementation concept of multiple intelligences in the learning center defined as a process of applying innovative methods of learning in early childhood using centers based on the plural intelligence of children in early age. This research is descriptive research with qualitative approach. The subjects of this study were the managers/principals and also the educators of dellia education for early age creative school. The data were collected using observation method, interview, and documentation. The Researcher are the main instruments in conducting this research assisted by observation guides, interview guides, and documentation guidelines. The Techniques used in data analysis are data reduction, data display, and taking the conclusion. The Triangulation done to explain the validity of the data using source of triangulation.The results of the research indicate that: 1) the Implementation consept of multiple intelligences at learning center in education for early age Dellia creative school is done in three stages: (a) planning includes making RKH (daily lesson plan)  and RKM (weekly lesson plan), but the planning itself is not written in RKH (daily lesson plan), the kinds of multiple intelligence development; (B) the implementation includes four footholds: first is footholds of the main environmental, second is the pre-game experience, third is the current playing ground and the last is foothold of the after-play experience. The Plural intelligence developement can be identified from the type of offered play by the educator; (C) the assessment is performed by observation, checklists, anecdotes and assignments packed in middle of semester and the ends of semester reports. 2) the supporting factors of the implementation center approched based on multiple intelligence is: (a) the instruments and the materials are adjusted to the level of child development achievement; (B)a good cooperation between the educators, employees and parents of education for early age Dellia creative schools, while the inhibiting factors are: (a) the changing of learners mood; (b) the lack of teaching personnel.Keywords: multiple intelegences, center, learning
BENTUK PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT DALAM KEGIATAN POSYANDU KASIH IBU
Authors: Lestari Essy Ena , Rachmat Agus Zainal
Published: June 2021

This study aims to describe the form of community participation in the activities of the Ibu Jaya Posyandu Kasih Ibu Village, Sumber Jaya Village, Kampung Melayu District, Bengkulu City. This study used a qualitative descriptive study with interview, observation, and documentation methods. Checking the validity of the data used triangulation, namely time triangulation, subject triangulation, and technical triangulation. The results showed that there are forms of community participation in the activities of Posyandu Kasih Ibu, Sumber Jaya Village, Kampung Melayu District, Bengkulu City, namely: 1) Money participation. Community voluntary contributions for mutual assistance during maternal and child health activities (KIA), and diarrhea prevention and control activities at the Kasih Ibu Posyandu, 2) Participation of personnel. The community helps cadres in the Kasih Ibu Posyandu, for the purpose of providing maternal and child health services. For example, helping weigh the baby, cleaning up the Posyandu after the activity, etc., and 3) Participation skills. The community is skilled at making ORS, which are given to mothers and children in the prevention and control of diarrhea at the Kasih Ibu Posyandu.
Manifestações oculares da COVID-19: Uma revisão narrativa de literatura
Authors: Biberg-Salum Tânia Gisela , Lyrio Ana Luiza Ceolin , Canale Pedro Henrique
Published: June 2021

Objetivos: Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar as manifestações oftalmológicas da COVID-19 descritas na literatura, assim como a duração dos sintomas e a relação temporal entre o início das manifestações oculares e das manifestações sistêmicas. Métodos: É uma revisão narrativa de literatura, utilizando os seguintes descritores: infecção por coronavírus, betacoronavírus, COVID-19, doenças oculares e manifestações oculares, sendo utilizadas as bases eletrônicas LILACS e MEDLINE, buscando artigos publicados entre os meses de maio a agosto de 2020. Resultados: A pesquisa inicial identificou 824 artigos, sendo que 14 cumpriam os critérios de inclusão. Dos casos relatados de ceratoconjuntivite, as manifestações oculares mais descritas são a hiperemia conjuntival, monocular ou binocular, e o edema de pálpebra. Outros sintomas que podem aparecer com frequência são a diplopia, sensação de corpo estranho, visão turva e a presença de secreções aquosas e viscosas. Conclusão: Conclui-se que a principal manifestação ocular associada à presença do SARS-CoV-2 é a hiperemia conjuntival, com duração variável entre 2 e 30 dias.
A importância da gestão democrática e participativa nas escolas públicas da Baixada Fluminense
Authors: Oliveira Thayná Vieira de , Reis Melissa Ferreira , Ribeiro Caíque Pereira , Mesquita Ana Greyce Lima da Silva de , Oliveira Alexandro de , Ribeiro Rosangela Corrêa Pereira , Pontes Thatiana Lopes
Published: June 2021

A ênfase deste estudo é refletir sobre a importância de uma gestão democrática e participativa na Escola Pública, em que o gestor tem papel primordial para fazer uma escola interativa e agradável com o objetivo de uma educação de qualidade. Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar a importância desta gestão para construção de um conhecimento de qualidade nas escolas públicas da Baixada Fluminense. Realizou-se uma pesquisa bibliográfica e pesquisa de campo com entrevistas, considerando as contribuições de autores como Luck (2005 e 2017), Veiga (1997), Pereira (2018), Santos (2021), Fogaça (2021), entre outros. A inserção de uma gestão democrático-participativa ainda é um processo em andamento, mesmo sendo um viés da política pública, ainda há certo desafio nesta implantação. Considera-se a relevância de um processo educativo participativo para que um ensino-aprendizagem aconteça com qualidade nas escolas públicas, pois são agentes primordiais no processo de formação da educação, alcança-se assim uma equipe unida, responsáveis mais interativos com os profissionais de educação da escola e com a formação do educando e de toda comunidade escolar.
O cuidado na hanseníase e os impactos na formação em Enfermagem: Relato de experiência
Authors: Januário Pâmela Ramos , Ribeiro Larissa Artimos , Lanceiro Lilia de Macedo , Nunciaroni Andressa Teoli , Corrêa Vanessa de Almeida Ferreira
Published: June 2021

O artigo relata as práticas de acolhimento a uma pessoa com suspeita de hanseníase e as atividades educativas desenvolvidas com a população durante atividades práticas de graduandos de enfermagem em uma unidade básica de saúde, localizada em um município do estado do Rio de Janeiro (RJ), em outubro de 2019. Frente à situação da hanseníase no Brasil e ao acolhimento de A. refletiu-se acerca das vulnerabilidades sociais e da falta de informação, os quais potencializam o estigma relacionado ao agravo da condição; e redução do acesso ao diagnóstico e tratamento em tempo oportuno. A partir da atividade prática, ampliou-se o conhecimento teórico-prático das discentes sobre o papel do enfermeiro no enfrentamento da hanseníase, enquanto um problema de saúde pública. A atividade de educação em saúde voltada à temática de diagnóstico, tratamento e combate ao estigma desenvolvido como tecnologia leve junto à população, proporcionaram aproximação com usuários e o diálogo quanto à hanseníase. Assim, espera-se incentivar novos projetos de extensão e atividades práticas voltadas à formação de enfermeiros; estudos e sensibilização de discentes, docentes e população quanto ao tema.
Síndrome de Wolfram: Um relato de caso
Authors: Ferreira Vitor Faria Soares , Campos Camila Reis , Furtado Anderson Michel , Caixeta Leonardo Ferreira , Caixeta Marcelo , Aversi-Ferreira Tales Alexandre
Published: June 2021

A Síndrome de Wolfram é uma doença autossômica recessiva ligada ao braço curto do cromossomo 4. As principais manifestações clínicas são diabetes mellitus e atrofia do nervo óptico, além de diabetes insípido central, ataxia, surdez neurossensorial e alterações do trato urinário. Outros sintomas podem estar presentes, mas menos comuns. Os prejuízos na vida de seus portadores são profundos, devido ao caráter degenerativo e não remissivo da síndrome. O presente estudo tem como objetivo relatar o caso de uma paciente do sexo feminino, 23 anos (2020), natural de Alfenas - Minas Gerais - Brasil, com a Síndrome de Wolfram, bem como divulgar mais conhecimentos sobre a síndrome. Além disso, abordamos a necessidade de interação entre os diversos profissionais de saúde para minimizar o sofrimento vivenciado pelas pessoas com a doença e seus familiares.
PENYERTAAN PADA TINDAK PIDANA KORUPSI DANA BANTUAN SOSAL
Authors: Nuredah Nuredah , Haeranah Haeranah
Published: June 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan Untuk menganalisis pertanggungjawaban pidana pelaku turut serta dalam tindak pidana korupsi penyalahgunaan kewenangan yang merugikan keuangan Negara dan pemberian memo untuk pencairan Dana Bansos dapat dikualifikasikan sebagai turut serta dalam tindak pidana korupsi penyalahgunaan kewenangan yang merugikan keuangan negara. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif. Adapun hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu pertanggungjawaban pelaku tindak pidana korupsi secara utuh telah diatur melalui UU PTPK; Apabila Memo yang dikeluarkan oleh Drs. Benny Alexander Litelnoni, SH. M.Si. selaku wakil Bupati dan Memo tersebut dipedomani oleh bawahannya yang mengakbatkan kerugian negara dan memenuhi unsur-unsur Pasal 2 dan Pasal 3 maka Memo tersebut dapat dikualifikasikan sebagai bentuk turut serta.Kata Kunci: Pertanggungjawaban Pidana, Tindak Pidana Korupsi, Memo This study aims to analyze the criminal responsibility of the perpetrators who participate in the criminal act of corruption, abuse of authority that is detrimental to State finances and the provision of memos for disbursement of Social Assistance Funds can qualify as participating in criminal acts of corruption, abuse of authority that harms state finances. This research uses normative legal research methods. The results of this research are that the full accountability of the perpetrators of corruption has been regulated through the PTPK Law; If the memo issued by Drs. Benny Alexander Litelnoni, SH. M.Si. as the representative of the Regent and the Memo is guided by his subordinates which results in state losses and fulfills the elements of Article 2 and Article 3, the Memo can qualify as a form of participation.Keyword: Criminal Accountability, Corruption Crime, Memo
PERAN NOTARIS DALAM PENDIRIAN PT USAHA MIKRO DAN KECIL
Authors: Isnaeni Diyan
Published: June 2021

AbstrakDisahkannya PP Nomor 8 Tahun 2021 sebagai peraturan pelaksanaan UU Nomor 11 Tahun 2020 tentang Cipta Kerja yang melahirkan Perseroan Terbatas Usaha Mikro dan  Kecil sebagai etintas baru dalam dunia usaha di Indonesia, telah menunjukkan keseriusan Pemerintah Indonesia mendukung dan memberikan peluang sebesar-besarnya kepada Usaha Mikro dan Kecil untuk mengembangkan usahanya dan memberikan perlindungan hukum kepada badan hukum perorangan. Perseroan Terbatas Usaha Mikro dan Kecil dalam proses pendiriannya dapat dilakukan tanpa melalui perjanjian dan akta notaris dan hanya membuat surat pernyataan. Pendirian Perseroan Terbatas hanya melalui surat pernyataan tidak menjamin legalitas dokumen dan identitas pendiri. Legalitas Perseroan Terbatas akan diragukan dan beresiko karena bisa melakukan perbuatan melawan hukum, dan  konsekuensinya Perseroan Terbatas  sebagai badan hukum maka legalitas dokumen dan identitas pendiri harus dapat dipertanggungjawabkan. Sehingga dalam menjamin kepastian hukum dan perlindungan hukum, akta pendirian Pereroan Terbatas yang dibuat oleh Notaris tetap diperlukan untuk menjamin legalitas Perseroan Terbatas, keabsahan dokumen dan identitas pendiri walaupun hanya Perseroan Terbatas untuk Usaha Mikro Kecil.Kata Kunci: PT Perorangan, Usaha Mikro dan Kecil, Kepastian Hukum AbstractThe passing of Government Regulation Number 8 of 2021 as the implementing regulation of Law Number 11 of 2020 concerning Job Creation which gave birth to PT Micro and Small Enterprises as a new ethic in the business world in Indonesia, has shown the seriousness of the Indonesian Government to support and provide the greatest possible opportunity for Micro and Small Enterprises to develop their business and provide legal protection to individual legal entities. In the process of establishing a Limited Liability Company, Micro and Small Enterprises can be carried out without going through a notarial agreement and deed and only making a statement letter. The establishment of a Limited Liability Company only through a statement letter does not guarantee the legality of the documents and the identity of the founder. The legality of a Limited  Company will be doubted and at risk because it can commit acts against the law, and the consequence is that the Limited Company is a legal entity, the document legality and identity of the founder must be accounted for. So that in guaranteeing legal certainty and legal protection, a Limited Liability Company establishment deed made by a notary is still needed to guarantee the legality of the limited Company, document validity and the identity of the founder even though it is only Limited Liability Companies for Micro and Small Businesses.Keywords: Individual Limited  Companies, Micro and Small Enterprises, Legal Certainty
KONSTRUKSI KONSEP MENJANJIKAN SEBAGAIMANA DI MAKSUD PADA PASAL 5 AYAT (1) HURUF A UU NO. 20 TAHUN 2001
Authors: Qornain Daky Dzul
Published: June 2021

Abstrak Syarat yang harus ada dalam suatu perbuatan agar dapat dipidana diawali bahwa perbuatan itu melawan hukum, yang sudah melalui proses sebagaimana diatur dalam peraturan perundang-undangan. Istilah menjanjikan yang terdapat dalam rumusan Pasal 5 ayat (1) huruf a UU No. 20 Tahun 2001 tentang Tindak Pidana Korupsi, tidak sama pengertiannya dengan yang terdapat dalam Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia. Perbuatan “menjanjikan” dalam UU No. 20 Tahun 2001 dilakukan oleh pihak yang memiliki kepentingan atau yang memiliki tujuan pada pegawai negeri atau penyelenggara negara.Kata kunci: korupsi, konsep menjanjikan, kerugian
EFEKTIVITAS PERATURAN MENTERI DALAM NEGERI NOMOR 2 TAHUN 2014
Authors: Al Rosyid Harun
Published: June 2021

Abstrak Dalam rangka sebagai upaya untuk mewujudkan efektifitas pengelolaan jaringan dokumentasi dan informasi hukum, tentunya sangat diperlukan pembinaan dan pengawasan, untuk itu maka telah dituangkan ke dalam pasal 12 Peraturan Menteri Dalam Negeri Republik Indonesia Nomor 2 Tahun 2014 tentang Pengelolaan Jaringan Dokumentasi dan Informasi Hukum Kementrian Dalam Negeri dan Pemerintah Daerah.Kata kunci: efektifitas, pengelolaan jaringan, pemerintahan daerah Abstract In order as an effort to realize the effectiveness of the management of legal documentation and information networks, of course coaching and supervision is needed, for this reason it has been stated in Article 12 of the Republic of Indonesia Minister of Home Affairs Regulation No. 2 of 2014 concerning Management of the Ministry of Home Affairs Legal Documentation and Information Network and Regional Government.Keywords: effectiveness, network management, regional government
ANALISIS YURIDIS PUTUSAN HAKIM PENGADILAN TATA USAHA NEGARA JAKARTA TENTANG SENGKETA ATAS KEPUTUSAN KOMISI PEMILIHAN UMUM
Authors: Suyatno Suyatno
Published: June 2021

Majelis Hakim Pengadilan Tata Usaha Negara Jakarta, dalam membuat pertimbangan hukum, kurang memperhatian aspek teknis dalam proses Pendaftaran, Verifikasi, dan Penetapan Partai Politik peserta Pemilu sehingga pertimbangan hukum yang disusun kurang cermat dalam memahami UU No 7 tahun 2017 tentang Pemilu dan PKPU No 6 tahun 2018 tentang Pendaftaran, Verifikasi, dan Penetapan Partai Politik peserta Pemilu Anggota DPR, DPRD. Kata Kunci: kewenangan, prosedur, substansi serta asas-asas umum pemerintahan yang baik. The Jakarta State Administrative Court's Judges, in making legal considerations, paid little attention to the technical aspects of the Election Registration, Verification, and Determination of Political Parties so that legal considerations were arranged inaccurately in understanding Law No. 7 of 2017 concerning PKPU Elections and No 6 years 2018 concerning Registration, Verification, and Determination of Political Parties participating in the Election of Members of the DPR, DPRD. Keywords: authority, procedure, substance and general principles of good governance.
ASPEK YURIDIS DALAM PERJANJIAN MUSYARAKAH PADA BANK MUAMALAT INDONESIA
Authors: Mundorin Mundorin
Published: June 2021

Untuk menjamin terlaksanannya akad Pembiayaan  Musyarakah pada Bank Muamalat Indonesia Cabang Banyuwangi, maka dilakukan sebuah kontrak/perjanjian antara bank dan nasabah. Kontrak tersebut dijadikan payung hukum dalam pelaksanaan akad yang memberikan gambaran suatu komitmen pihak, masing-masing wajib mentaati apa yang telah dituangkan dalam kontrak (akad) Perjanjian pembiayaan Musyarakah ini berdasar atas  peraturan perundang-undangan perbankan syari’ah, terutama Undang-Undang Nomor 21 tahun 2008 tentang perbankan  Syari’ah, sehingga dapat disimpulkan lebih detail lagi bahwa pelaksanaan  pembiayaan Musyarakah pada bank Muamalat Indonesia cabang Banyuwangi dilaksanakan bersarkan  Hukum Islam dan  Hukum Fositif.Kata Kunci: bank, perjanjian, yuridis, Islam To guarantee the implementation of the Musyarakah Financing contract at Bank Muamalat Indonesia Banyuwangi Branch, a contract / agreement is held between the bank and the customer. The contract is used as a legal umbrella in the implementation of the contract that gives a description of a party's commitment, each must obey what has been stated in the contract (contract). in 2008 concerning Syari'ah banking, so that it can be concluded in more detail that the implementation of Musyarakah financing at the Muamalat Indonesia bank in the Banyuwangi branch was carried out based on Islamic Law and Phositive Law.Keywords: bank, agreement, juridical, Islam
WEWENANG NOTARIS DALAM PEMBUATAN AKTA PERSEROAN TERBATAS YANG MODAL DASARNYA KURANG DARI LIMA PULUH JUTA RUPIAH
Authors: Basri Hasan
Published: June 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kewenangan Notaris dalam pembuatan Akta PT yang kurang dari  Rp. 50.000.000,00 (lima puluh juta rupiah), sebagaimana yang tertuang dalam PP Nomor 29 Tahun 2016 Tentang Perubahan Modal Dasar Perseroan Terbatas bahwa modal dasar pendirian PT diserahkan kepada kesepakatan para pendiri.Penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum empiris. Penelitian hukum empiris adalah penelitian hukum yang meneliti data primer. Perolehan data dengan melakukan wawancara kepada narasumber, yaitu akademisi yang menguasai hukum Perseroan Terbatas dan kepada Notaris Hj. Khusnul Hitaminah, SH., MH. yang menjadi objek penelitian.Besaran modal dasar pendirian Perseroan Terbatas yang diatur dalam ketentuan Pasal 1 ayat (3) PP 29 2016 ini modal dasar pendirian Perseroan Terbatas menjadi diserahkan pada kesepakatan para pihak/pendiri. Pada prakteknya di Kantor Notaris Hj.Khusnul Hitaminah, SH.,MH. apabila ada Klien yang akan membuat PT dengan modal dasar dibawah Rp.50.000.000,00 (lima puluh juta rupiah), Notaris akan menjelaskan dan mengkonstatir bagaimana keberlangsungan PT tersebut, maka Klien akan lebih memilih wadah usahanya dalm bentuk CV,  karena para pendiri hawatir tidak mampu untuk membiayayai operasional PT. Klien yang membuat PT di Kantor Notaris Hj.Khusnul Hitaminah, SH.,MH. modal dasarnya minimal Rp.100.000.000,00 (seratur juta rupiah). Kata Kunci :    Wewenang Notaris, Perseroan Terbatas, Modal Dasar
Portrait Of Pai In A Catholic School (Case Study of St. Paulus Catholic High School Jember)
Authors: Anshari Zainal
Published: June 2021

Islamic religious education, including subjects that must be given to students who are Muslim, even though these students study at non-Islamic schools. Likewise, on the other hand, Islamic schools must also facilitate religious education in accordance with the religions of their students. Santo Paulus Catholic High School Jember, including a school that facilitates Islamic religious education for Muslim students. Uniquely, there is a religiosity subject, which includes all universal values in the official religion in Indonesia. The focus of this research is, how is the portrait and dynamics of Islamic religious education in non-Muslim schools (Catholic schools)? In this context, the authors chose a qualitative approach in data mining and processing. Interviews, document studies, observation, data research are the techniques chosen in research data collection. The research findings: 1) SMA Catholic Santo Paulus Jember has 6 Islamic religious education teachers, but they are not in accordance with the qualifications of the subjects they are teaching, 2) apart from PAI subjects, SMA Catholic Santo Paulus Jember strengthens students with religiosity lessons, namely lessons which includes universal values of all religions, 3) SMA Catholic Santo Paulus Jember is in demand by students from the six official religions in Indonesia.Keywords: Islamic Religious Education, Catholic High School, and religiosity
Constitutional education related to the development of human rights as an effort to prevent radicalism
Authors: Dand Barrayev
Published: June 2021

Islamic religious education, including subjects that must be given to students who are Muslim, even though these students study at non-Islamic schools. Likewise, on the other hand, Islamic schools must also facilitate religious education in accordance with the religions of their students. Santo Paulus Catholic High School Jember, including a school that facilitates Islamic religious education for Muslim students. Uniquely, there is a religiosity subject, which includes all universal values in the official religion in Indonesia. The focus of this research is, how is the portrait and dynamics of Islamic religious education in non-Muslim schools (Catholic schools)? In this context, the authors chose a qualitative approach in data mining and processing. Interviews, document studies, observation, data research are the techniques chosen in research data collection. The research findings: 1) SMA Catholic Santo Paulus Jember has 6 Islamic religious education teachers, but they are not in accordance with the qualifications of the subjects they are teaching, 2) apart from PAI subjects, SMA Catholic Santo Paulus Jember strengthens students with religiosity lessons, namely lessons which includes universal values of all religions, 3) SMA Catholic Santo Paulus Jember is in demand by students from the six official religions in Indonesia.
On the Study of the Humus State of Meadow Brown Soils
Authors: Aliyeva B.
Published: June 2021

Abstract. The studies carried out and the results obtained on the humus state of meadow brown soils are fully consistent with the literature. The change in the humus content in the soils of the meadow soil formation process depends on the effect of surface and ground moisture on humus formation. Studies have revealed that the humus content in meadow brown soils decreases gradually and relatively evenly with depth. For meadow soils with a meadow process of soil formation, there is a general tendency for a decrease in humus from the upper horizons to the lower ones.
Development of Technology for Production of Coal-Water Fuel and Determination of the Optimality of Its Combustion
Authors: Aldasheva N.
Published: June 2021

The article investigates the processes of preparing liquid fuel based on a mixture of coal from the Alai deposit (Kyrgyzstan) and water with the addition of other components, for combustion in various power plants and intended to replace organic fuels (solid fuel, fuel oil and gas). On the basis of the research results, a technological scheme for the preparation of coal-water fuel from the organic matter of the Alai deposit has been developed. Methods and technologies for the preparation of coal-water fuel are described. As a result, an efficient and energy-efficient method for producing coal-water fuel has been developed, which has a high energy potential, environmental friendliness, low cost, a wide range of applications and a fairly simple technology for its implementation.
Research of Technology of Producing Composite Fuel Based on Nephelometric Method
Authors: Abdaliev U.
Published: June 2021

The article experimentally investigated that using a carboxylic acid (acetic acid), non-free radicals of saturated hydrocarbons (gasoline, kerosene, white alcohol, benzene, toluene, acids, etc.) are split and form free radicals, after which a chemical reaction occurs in as a result of which new connections are formed. A stable milk-emulsion composite fuel was obtained by the nephelometric method, with the following component ratio: 5:0.2:4.8 (50% gasoline, 2% glacial acetic acid, 48% ordinary water). After obtaining a stable milk-emulsion composite fuel, combustion was carried out and the process of stable combustion was determined. The pressure of the composite fuel in the container is increased to 3 kg/cm2 to obtain an aerosol at the nozzle outlet. The aerosol ignites inside the nichrome coil, the heating temperature is about 500 °C. To maintain the process of stable combustion of the composite fuel, the spiral is connected to a 20-volt voltage source.
Calculation Method of Fastening the Upper Slope of the Land Bund for Erosion and Strength
Authors: Hasanov E. , Mammadov A. , Aliyev H.
Published: June 2021

To protect the slopes of the ground dam from the devastating effects of wind waves, ice, water flow, precipitation and other factors, a number of engineering measures are provided. Based on this, an engineering decision is taken on the choice of materials for fastening structures, as well as methods for calculating their stability. When calculating the stability of the upper slope, two cases of a combination of loads and impacts are mainly considered. One of them is the reduction of the water level in the reservoir with maximum speed, and the other is the case when the water level in the reservoir is at the lowest operational level. The article investigates the processes of sliding of natural slopes of the upstream dam. Taking into account the combined action of the forces of filtering, weighing and vapor pressure, as well as the force of hydrostatic pressure to the level of dead volume. The equation for the stability coefficient of a circular-cylindrical slip of a uniform natural slope of the upstream dam has been obtained.
The Hunan Bible Institute (Biola-in-China): A Stronghold of Fundamentalist Bible Training in China, 1916—1952
Authors: Xiyi Yao Kevin
Published: June 2021

The Protestant Church in China has been deeply shaped by the fundamentalist movement of the early twentieth century. As happened in America, Bible schools featured very prominently in the movement in China. The Hunan Bible Institute (HBI) was one of the most important Bible schools, and thus constitutes a good case study for this kind of key fundamentalist institution in China. By tracing its historical trajectory from 1916 to 1952, this study argues (1) that HBI embodied the vision and rationale of the fundamentalist theological training and (2) that HBI was not just a school, but also a platform where some of the most influential figures and ministries of the Chinese fundamentalist camp converged. It became a hub of spreading dispensationalism within China, and a powerhouse of the revivals sweeping across the country in those decades. This fact highlights the critical roles and significance the Bible schools held for the fundamentalist movement in China of the early twentieth century. (3) HBI’s identity as ‘Biola-in-China’ demonstrates a deep interrelationship between the fundamentalist camps in China and America. The strong, but troublesome relation between HBI and Biola attests to intensifying tension between the Chinese Church’s independence and foreign missions’ control. By training church leaders and providing a fundamentalist ministry platform, HBI exerted considerable influence on the formation of conservative Protestant Christianity in China.
Improving the Computation of Brier Scores for Evaluating Expert-Elicited Judgements
Authors: Dharmarathne Gayan , Hanea Anca , Robinson Andrew P.
Published: June 2021

Structured expert judgement (SEJ) is a suite of techniques used to elicit expert predictions, e.g. probability predictions of the occurrence of events, for situations in which data are too expensive or impossible to obtain. The quality of expert predictions can be assessed using Brier scores and calibration questions. In practice, these scores are computed from data that may have a correlation structure due to sharing the effects of the same levels of grouping factors of the experimental design. For example, asking common questions from experts may result in correlated probability predictions due to sharing common question effects. Furthermore, experts commonly fail to answer all the needed questions. Here, we focus on (i) improving the computation of standard error estimates of expert Brier scores by using mixed-effects models that support design-based correlation structures of observations, and (ii) imputation of missing probability predictions in computing expert Brier scores to enhance the comparability of the prediction accuracy of experts. We show that the accuracy of estimating standard errors of expert Brier scores can be improved by incorporating the within-question correlations due to asking common questions. We recommend the use of multiple imputation to correct for missing data in expert elicitation exercises. We also discuss the implications of adopting a formal experimental design approach for SEJ exercises.
Spectral Analysis of ATP-Dependent Mechanical Vibrations in T Cells
Authors: Wohl Ishay , Sherman Eilon
Published: June 2021

Mechanical vibrations affect multiple cell properties, including its diffusivity, entropy, internal content organization, and thus—function. Here, we used Differential Interference Contrast (DIC), confocal, and Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence (TIRF) microscopies to study mechanical vibrations in live (Jurkat) T cells. Vibrations were measured via the motion of intracellular particles and plasma membrane. These vibrations depend on adenosine triphosphate (ATP) consumption and on Myosin II activity. We then used spectral analysis of these vibrations to distinguish the effects of thermal agitation, ATP-dependent mechanical work and cytoskeletal visco-elasticity. Parameters of spectral analyses could be related to mean square displacement (MSD) analyses with specific advantages in characterizing intracellular mechanical work. We identified two spectral ranges where mechanical work dominated vibrations of intracellular components: 0–3 Hz for intracellular particles and the plasma-membrane, and 100–150 Hz for the plasma-membrane. The 0–3 Hz vibrations of the cell membrane that we measured in an experimental model of immune synapse (IS) are expected to affect the IS formation and function in effector cells. It may also facilitate immunological escape of extensively vibrating malignant cells.
Predicting miRNA-Disease Association Based on Modularity Preserving Heterogeneous Network Embedding
Authors: Peng Wei , Du Jielin , Dai Wei , Lan Wei
Published: June 2021

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a category of small non-coding RNAs that profoundly impact various biological processes related to human disease. Inferring the potential miRNA-disease associations benefits the study of human diseases, such as disease prevention, disease diagnosis, and drug development. In this work, we propose a novel heterogeneous network embedding-based method called MDN-NMTF (Module-based Dynamic Neighborhood Non-negative Matrix Tri-Factorization) for predicting miRNA-disease associations. MDN-NMTF constructs a heterogeneous network of disease similarity network, miRNA similarity network and a known miRNA-disease association network. After that, it learns the latent vector representation for miRNAs and diseases in the heterogeneous network. Finally, the association probability is computed by the product of the latent miRNA and disease vectors. MDN-NMTF not only successfully integrates diverse biological information of miRNAs and diseases to predict miRNA-disease associations, but also considers the module properties of miRNAs and diseases in the course of learning vector representation, which can maximally preserve the heterogeneous network structural information and the network properties. At the same time, we also extend MDN-NMTF to a new version (called MDN-NMTF2) by using modular information to improve the miRNA-disease association prediction ability. Our methods and the other four existing methods are applied to predict miRNA-disease associations in four databases. The prediction results show that our methods can improve the miRNA-disease association prediction to a high level compared with the four existing methods.
PDGFRα-Signaling Is Dispensable for the Development of the Sinoatrial Node After Its Fate Commitment
Authors: Zheng Xi , Wang Fengjiao , Hu Xiaoxiao , Li Hua , Guan Zhen , Zhang Yanding , Hu Xuefeng
Published: June 2021

Palate-derived growth factor receptor α (Pdgfrα) signaling has been reported to play important roles in the cardiac development. A previous study utilizing Pdgfrα conventional knockout mice reported hypoplasia of the sinus venous myocardium including the sinoatrial node (SAN) accompanied by increased expression of Nkx2.5. This mouse line embryos die by E11.5 due to embryonic lethality, rendering them difficult to investigate the details. To elucidate the underlying mechanism, in this study, we revisited this observation by generation of specific ablation of Pdgfrα in the SAN by Shox2-Cre at E9.5, using a Shox2-Cre;Pdgfrαflox/flox conditional mouse line. Surprisingly, we found that resultant homozygous mutant mice did not exhibit any malformation in SAN morphology as compared to their wild-type littermates. Further analysis revealed the normal cardiac function in adult mutant mice assessed by the record of heart rate and electrocardiogram and unaltered expression of Nkx2.5 in the E13.5 SAN of Pdgfrα conditional knockout mice. Our results unambiguously demonstrate that Pdgfrα is dispensable for SAN development after its fate commitment in mice.
Autocrine Effects of Brain Endothelial Cell-Produced Human Apolipoprotein E on Metabolism and Inflammation in vitro
Authors: Marottoli Felecia M. , Trevino Troy N. , Geng Xue , Arbieva Zarema , Kanabar Pinal , Maienschein-Cline Mark , Lee James C. , Lutz Sarah E. , Tai Leon M.
Published: June 2021

Reports of APOE4-associated neurovascular dysfunction during aging and in neurodegenerative disorders has led to ongoing research to identify underlying mechanisms. In this study, we focused on whether the APOE genotype of brain endothelial cells modulates their own phenotype. We utilized a modified primary mouse brain endothelial cell isolation protocol that enabled us to perform experiments without subculture. Through initial characterization we found, that compared to APOE3, APOE4 brain endothelial cells produce less apolipoprotein E (apoE) and have altered metabolic and inflammatory gene expression profiles. Further analysis revealed APOE4 brain endothelial cultures have higher preference for oxidative phosphorylation over glycolysis and, accordingly, higher markers of mitochondrial activity. Mitochondrial activity generates reactive oxygen species, and, with APOE4, there were higher mitochondrial superoxide levels, lower levels of antioxidants related to heme and glutathione and higher markers/outcomes of oxidative damage to proteins and lipids. In parallel, or resulting from reactive oxygen species, there was greater inflammation in APOE4 brain endothelial cells including higher chemokine levels and immune cell adhesion under basal conditions and after low-dose lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment. In addition, paracellular permeability was higher in APOE4 brain endothelial cells in basal conditions and after high-dose LPS treatment. Finally, we found that a nuclear receptor Rev-Erb agonist, SR9009, improved functional metabolic markers, lowered inflammation and modulated paracellular permeability at baseline and following LPS treatment in APOE4 brain endothelial cells. Together, our data suggest that autocrine signaling of apoE in brain endothelial cells represents a novel cellular mechanism for how APOE regulates neurovascular function.
Fish Models of Induced Osteoporosis
Authors: Rosa Joana T. , Laizé Vincent , Gavaia Paulo J. , Cancela M. Leonor
Published: June 2021

Osteopenia and osteoporosis are bone disorders characterized by reduced bone mineral density (BMD), altered bone microarchitecture and increased bone fragility. Because of global aging, their incidence is rapidly increasing worldwide and novel treatments that would be more efficient at preventing disease progression and at reducing the risk of bone fractures are needed. Preclinical studies are today a major bottleneck to the collection of new data and the discovery of new drugs, since they are commonly based on rodent in vivo systems that are time consuming and expensive, or in vitro systems that do not exactly recapitulate the complexity of low BMD disorders. In this regard, teleost fish, in particular zebrafish and medaka, have recently emerged as suitable alternatives to study bone formation and mineralization and to model human bone disorders. In addition to the many technical advantages that allow faster and larger studies, the availability of several fish models that efficiently mimic human osteopenia and osteoporosis phenotypes has stimulated the interest of the academia and industry toward a better understanding of the mechanisms of pathogenesis but also toward the discovery of new bone anabolic or antiresorptive compounds. This mini review recapitulates the in vivo teleost fish systems available to study low BMD disorders and highlights their applications and the recent advances in the field.
The Roles of Phospholipase A2 in Phagocytes
Authors: Dabral Deepti , van den Bogaart Geert
Published: June 2021

Phagocytic cells, such as macrophages, neutrophils, and dendritic cells, ingest particles larger than about 0.5 μM and thereby clear microbial pathogens and malignant cells from the body. These phagocytic cargoes are proteolytically degraded within the lumen of phagosomes, and peptides derived from them are presented on Major Histocompatibility Complexes (MHC) for the activation of T cells. Mammalian PLA2 isozymes belong to a large family of enzymes that cleave phospholipids at the second position of the glycerol backbone, releasing a free fatty acid and a lysolipid moiety. In human macrophages, at least 15 different PLA2 forms are expressed, and expression of many of these is dependent on pathogenic stimulation. Intriguing questions are why so many PLA2 forms are expressed in macrophages, and what are the functional consequences of their altered gene expression after encountering pathogenic stimuli. In this review, we discuss the evidence of the differential roles of different forms of PLA2 in phagocytic immune cells. These roles include: lipid signaling for immune cell activation, initial phagocytic particle uptake, microbial action for the killing and degradation of ingested microbes, and the repair of membranes induced by oxygen radicals. We also discuss the roles of PLA2 in the subsequent digestion of ingested phagocytic cargoes for antigen presentation to T cells.
Proteomic Analysis of Rhesus Macaque Brain Explants Treated With Borrelia burgdorferi Identifies Host GAP-43 as a Potential Factor Associated With Lyme Neuroborreliosis
Authors: Li Lianbao , Luo Lisha , Chen Taigui , Cao Wenjing , Xu Xin , Zhang Yu , Yue Peng , Fan Yuxin , Chen Jingjing , Liu Meixiao , Ma Mingbiao , Tao Lvyan , Peng Yun , Dong Yan , Li Bingxue , Luo Suyi , Kong Jing , Zhou Guozhong , Wen Shiyuan , Liu Aihua , Bao Fukai
Published: June 2021

Background

Lyme neuroborreliosis (LNB) is one of the most dangerous manifestations of Lyme disease, but the pathogenesis and inflammatory mechanisms are not fully understood.

Methods

Cultured explants from the frontal cortex of rhesus monkey brain (n=3) were treated with live Borrelia burgdorferi (Bb) or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) for 6, 12, and 24 h. Total protein was collected for sequencing and bioinformatics analysis. In addition, changes in protein expression in the explants over time following Bb treatment were screened.

Results

We identified 1237 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs; fold change ≥1.5 or ≤0.67, P-value ≤0.05). One of these, growth-associated protein 43 (GAP-43), was highly expressed at all time points in the explants. The results of the protein-protein interaction network analysis of DEPs suggested that GAP-43 plays a role in the neuroinflammation associated with LNB. In HMC3 cells incubated with live Bb or PBS for 6, 12, and 24 h, real-time PCR and western blot analyses confirmed the increase of GAP-43 mRNA and protein, respectively.

Conclusions

Elevated GAP-43 expression is a potential marker for LNB that may be useful for diagnosis or treatment.
Targeting SUMOylation in Plasmodium as a Potential Target for Malaria Therapy
Authors: Sumam de Oliveira Daffiny , Kronenberger Thales , Palmisano Giuseppe , Wrenger Carsten , de Souza Edmarcia Elisa
Published: June 2021

Malaria is a parasitic disease that represents a public health problem worldwide. Protozoans of the Plasmodium genus are responsible for causing malaria in humans. Plasmodium species have a complex life cycle that requires post-translational modifications (PTMs) to control cellular activities temporally and spatially and regulate the levels of critical proteins and cellular mechanisms for maintaining an efficient infection and immune evasion. SUMOylation is a PTM formed by the covalent linkage of a small ubiquitin-like modifier protein to the lysine residues on the protein substrate. This PTM is reversible and is triggered by the sequential action of three enzymes: E1-activating, E2-conjugating, and E3 ligase. On the other end, ubiquitin-like-protein-specific proteases in yeast and sentrin-specific proteases in mammals are responsible for processing SUMO peptides and for deconjugating SUMOylated moieties. Further studies are necessary to comprehend the molecular mechanisms and cellular functions of SUMO in Plasmodium. The emergence of drug-resistant malaria parasites prompts the discovery of new targets and antimalarial drugs with novel mechanisms of action. In this scenario, the conserved biological processes regulated by SUMOylation in the malaria parasites such as gene expression regulation, oxidative stress response, ubiquitylation, and proteasome pathways, suggest PfSUMO as a new potential drug target. This mini-review focuses on the current understanding of the mechanism of action of the PfSUMO during the coordinated multi-step life cycle of Plasmodium and discusses them as attractive new target proteins for the development of parasite-specific inhibitors and therapeutic intervention toward malaria disease.
Carbon Removal as Carbon Revival? Bioenergy, Negative Emissions, and the Politics of Alternative Energy Futures
Authors: Palmer James , Carton Wim
Published: June 2021

Conscious of the need to limit climate warming to 1.5 degrees, many countries are pinning their hopes upon carbon dioxide (CO2) removal through the industrial-scale combination of bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS). But it is not merely by storing captured CO2 that BECCS enthusiasts hope to harness biomass combustion for climate repair. Increasingly, more productive and ostensibly profitable uses for captured CO2 are also being identified. The concept of BECCS is evolving, in other words, into “BECCUS” —bioenergy with carbon capture, utilisation and storage. Against this backdrop, this Perspective sets out two main arguments. Firstly, regardless of the precise use to which captured CO2 is put, efforts to predicate large-scale negative emissions upon biomass combustion should in our view be understood as attempts to reconfigure the fundamental relationship between climate change and energy use, turning the latter from a historical driver of climate warming into a remedial tool of climate repair. Secondly, the emergence of BECCUS cannot be understood solely as an attempt to make bioenergy-based negative emissions more economically viable. At stake, rather, are conflicting ideas about the role that intensive energy use should play in future global sustainable development pathways. This Perspective therefore calls for governance frameworks for carbon dioxide removal to adjudicate between conflicting approaches to achieving negative emissions not only on the basis of technical efficiency, or even “on-the-ground” social and environmental impacts, but also according to compatibility with socially legitimate visions and understandings of what energy—and more specifically energy use—should ultimately be for in the post-fossil fuel era.
When the Easy Becomes Difficult: Factors Affecting the Acquisition of the English /iː/-/ɪ/ Contrast
Authors: Cebrian Juli , Gorba Celia , Gavaldà Núria
Published: June 2021

The degree of similarity between the sounds of a speaker’s first and second language (L1 and L2) is believed to determine the likelihood of accurate perception and production of the L2 sounds. This paper explores the relationship between cross-linguistic similarity and the perception and production of a subset of English vowels, including the highly productive /iː/-/ɪ/ contrast (as in “beat” vs. “bit”), by a group of Spanish/Catalan native speakers learning English as an L2. The learners’ ability to identify, discriminate and produce the English vowels accurately was contrasted with their cross-linguistic perceived similarity judgements. The results showed that L2 perception and production accuracy was not always predicted from patterns of cross-language similarity, particularly regarding the difficulty distinguishing /iː/ and /ɪ/. Possible explanations may involve the way the L2 /iː/ and /ɪ/ categories interact, the effect of non-native acoustic cue reliance, and the roles of orthography and language instruction.