bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relative platelet reductions provide better pathophysiologic signatures of coagulopathies in sepsis
Authors: Kasugai Daisuke , Ozaki Masayuki , Nishida Kazuki , Goto Yukari , Takahashi Kunihiko , Matsui Shigeyuki , Matsuda Naoyuki
Published: July 2021

In sepsis-associated coagulopathies and disseminated intravascular coagulation, relative platelet reductions may reflect coagulopathy severity. However, limited evidence supports their clinical significance and most sepsis-associated coagulopathy criteria focus on the absolute platelet counts. To estimate the impact of relative platelet reductions and absolute platelet counts on sepsis outcomes. A multicenter retrospective observational study was performed using the eICU Collaborative Research Database, comprising 335 intensive care units (ICUs) in the United States. Patients with sepsis and an ICU stay > 2 days were included. Estimated effects of relative platelet reductions and absolute platelet counts on mortality and coagulopathy-related complications were evaluated. Overall, 26,176 patients were included. Multivariate mixed-effect logistic regression analysis revealed marked in-hospital mortality risk with larger platelet reductions between days one and two, independent from the resultant absolute platelet counts. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) [95% confidence intervals (CI)] for in-hospital mortality was 1.28[1.23–1.32], 1.86[1.75–1.97], 2.99[2.66–3.36], and 6.05[4.40–8.31] for 20–40%, 40–60%, 60–80%, and > 80% reductions, respectively, when compared with a < 20% decrease in platelets (P < 0.001 for each). In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, platelet reductions ≥ 11% and platelet counts ≤ 100,000/μL on day 2 were associated with high coagulopathy-related complications (OR [95%CI], 2.03 and 1.18; P < 0.001 and P < 0.001), while only platelet reduction was associated with thromboembolic complications (OR [95%CI], 1.43 [1.03–1.98], P < 0.001). The magnitude of platelet reductions represent mortality risk and provides a better signature of coagulopathies in sepsis; therefore, it is a plausible criterion for sepsis-associated coagulopathies.
Global patterns in genomic diversity underpinning the evolution of insecticide resistance in the aphid crop pest Myzus persicae
Authors: Singh Kumar Saurabh , Cordeiro Erick M. G. , Troczka Bartlomiej J. , Pym Adam , Mackisack Joanna , Mathers Thomas C. , Duarte Ana , Legeai Fabrice , Robin Stéphanie , Bielza Pablo , Burrack Hannah J. , Charaabi Kamel , Denholm Ian , Figueroa Christian C. , ffrench-Constant Richard H. , Jander Georg , Margaritopoulos John T. , Mazzoni Emanuele , Nauen Ralf , Ramírez Claudio C. , Ren Guangwei , Stepanyan Ilona , Umina Paul A. , Voronova Nina V. , Vontas John , Williamson Martin S. , Wilson Alex C. C. , Xi-Wu Gao , Youn Young-Nam , Zimmer Christoph T. , Simon Jean-Christophe , Hayward Alex , Bass Chris
Published: July 2021

The aphid Myzus persicae is a destructive agricultural pest that displays an exceptional ability to develop resistance to both natural and synthetic insecticides. To investigate the evolution of resistance in this species we generated a chromosome-scale genome assembly and living panel of >110 fully sequenced globally sampled clonal lines. Our analyses reveal a remarkable diversity of resistance mutations segregating in global populations of M. persicae. We show that the emergence and spread of these mechanisms is influenced by host–plant associations, uncovering the widespread co‐option of a host-plant adaptation that also offers resistance against synthetic insecticides. We identify both the repeated evolution of independent resistance mutations at the same locus, and multiple instances of the evolution of novel resistance mechanisms against key insecticides. Our findings provide fundamental insights into the genomic responses of global insect populations to strong selective forces, and hold practical relevance for the control of pests and parasites.
Towards attosecond imaging at the nanoscale using broadband holography-assisted coherent imaging in the extreme ultraviolet
Authors: Eschen Wilhelm , Wang Sici , Liu Chang , Klas Robert , Steinert Michael , Yulin Sergiy , Meißner Heide , Bussmann Michael , Pertsch Thomas , Limpert Jens , Rothhardt Jan
Published: July 2021

Nanoscale coherent imaging has emerged as an indispensable modality, allowing to surpass the resolution limit given by classical imaging optics. At the same time, attosecond science has experienced enormous progress and has revealed the ultrafast dynamics in complex materials. Combining attosecond temporal resolution of pump-probe experiments with nanometer spatial resolution would allow studying ultrafast dynamics on the smallest spatio-temporal scales but has not been demonstrated yet. To date, the large bandwidth of attosecond pulses poses a major challenge to high-resolution coherent imaging. Here, we present broadband holography-enhanced coherent imaging, which enables the combination of high-resolution coherent imaging with a large spectral bandwidth. By implementing our method at a high harmonic source, we demonstrate a spatial resolution of 34 nm in combination with a spectral bandwidth of 5.5 eV at a central photon energy of 92 eV. The method is single-shot capable and retrieves the spectrum from the measured diffraction pattern.
Electrochemical operational principles and analytical performance of Pd-based amperometric nanobiosensors
Authors: Silina Y. E. , Apushkinskaya N. , Talagaeva N. V. , Levchenko M. G. , Zolotukhina E. V.
Published: July 2021

The role of palladium surface oxides and adsorbed oxygen in the analytical performance of Pd-NPs-based nanobiosensors is ascertained.
On-column internal standardisation as an alternative calibration strategy for speciation analysis: feasibility demonstration through analysis of inorganic As in rice
Authors: Petrov Panayot , Cowen Simon , Goenaga-Infante Heidi
Published: July 2021

On-column species-specific internal calibration, based on the injection of internal standard, which is the same as the analyte species, compensates for on-column losses, signal drift and others, and provides accurate measurements with low uncertainty.
Thermally-modulated cell separation columns using a thermoresponsive block copolymer brush as a packing material for the purification of mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Nagase Kenichi , Edatsune Goro , Nagata Yuki , Matsuda Junnosuke , Ichikawa Daiju , Yamada Sota , Hattori Yutaka , Kanazawa Hideko
Published: July 2021

A cell separation column packed with thermoresponsive cationic block copolymer brush-modified beads was developed. The column can separate mesenchymal stem cells by changing the column temperature to alter the polymer brush properties.
G-quadruplex DNA inhibits unwinding activity but promotes liquid–liquid phase separation by the DEAD-box helicase Ded1p
Authors: Gao Jun , Gao Zhaofeng , Putnam Andrea A. , Byrd Alicia K. , Venus Sarah L. , Marecki John C. , Edwards Andrea D. , Lowe Haley M. , Jankowsky Eckhard , Raney Kevin D.
Published: July 2021

G-quadruplex (G4) DNA inhibits RNA unwinding activity but promotes liquid–liquid phase separation of the DEAD-box helicase Ded1pin vitroand in cells. This highlights multifaceted effects of G4DNA on an enzyme with intrinsically disordered domains.
Crystalline coordination polymer-derived MoS2 quantum dot-doped carbon nanoflakes with ultrafast Li+ transfer
Authors: Sun Lianshan , Wang Chunli , Li Huaming , Wang Limin
Published: July 2021

2D MoS2 quantum dot/carbon nanoflakes with a high content of 54 wt% have a rapid Li ion charging ability.
Controlling the molecular arrangement of racemates through weak interactions: the synergy between π-interactions and halogen bonds
Authors: Romero-Nieto Carlos , de Cózar A. , Regulska Elzbieta , Mullenix John B. , Rominger Frank , Hindenberg Philip
Published: July 2021

The combination of halogend bonds from PO and N-moieties with π-stacking leads to sort out R- and S-isomers into homoleptic, porous assemblies.
Tuning extreme anisotropic thermal expansion in 1D coordination polymers through metal selection and solid solutions
Authors: van Wyk Lisa M. , Loots Leigh , Barbour Leonard J.
Published: July 2021

A series of related coordination polymers undergo extreme anisotropic thermal expansion. Mixing metal centres by means of forming solid solutions provides a viable means of tuning the expansion coefficients.
Borane catalyzed polymerization and depolymerization reactions controlled by Lewis acidic strength
Authors: Andrea Kori A. , Wheeler Mikhailey D. , Kerton Francesca M.
Published: July 2021

Triphenylborane catalyzes polyester-block-polycarbonate polymer formation from epoxides, anhydrides and carbon dioxide. Whereas, tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane selectively depolymerizes polycarbonate polymers and blocks.
Towards deployable electrochemical sensors for per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS)
Authors: Clark Rebecca B. , Dick Jeffrey E.
Published: July 2021

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are an emerging class of pervasive and harmful environmental micropollutant with negative health effects on humans.
Red emissive sulfone-rhodols as mitochondrial imaging agents
Authors: Vygranenko Kateryna V. , Poronik Yevgen M. , Wrzosek Antoni , Szewczyk Adam , Gryko Daniel T.
Published: July 2021

The controlled hydrolysis of sulfone-rhodamines affords a series of core-modified red-emitting rhodols, the fluorescence of which is sensitive to solvent polarity. After equipping with PPh3+ group they selectively stain mitochondria.
Fast synthesis and redox switching of di- and tetra-substituted bisthioxanthylidene overcrowded alkenes
Authors: Corbet Brian P. , Wonink Marco B. S. , Feringa Ben L.
Published: July 2021

A rapid and efficient methodology provides a range of substituted bisthioxanthylidenes, which undergo large conformational redox switching from folded to orthogonal states.
Light-promoted C–Cl bond-forming reductive elimination of a metal–metal bonded PdIII–PdIII complex
Authors: Shin Jeongcheol , Gogoi Kuldeep , Park Kiyoung
Published: July 2021

5-coordinate PdIII2 species at the excited state are more active for reductive-elimination reactions than 6-coordinate PdIII2 species at the ground state.
Low-temperature architecture of a cubic-phase CsPbBr3 single crystal for ultrasensitive weak-light photodetectors
Authors: Wei Xiangfeng , Liu Han , Zhang Zhixiang , Xu Wenchao , Huang Wenjun , Luo Lin-Bao , Liu Jiehua
Published: July 2021

Cubic-phase CsPbBr3 single crystals are synthesized by regulating H2O with CsBr/PbBr2 in a ratio of 1 : 1 at low temperature by the freezing method. The CsPbBr3 single-crystal photodetector exhibits a superior weak-light responsivity of 278 A W−1.
Study of flux crystal growth peculiarities, structure and Raman spectra of double (Mn,Ni)3BO5 and triple (Mn,Ni,Cu)3BO5 oxyborates with ludwigite structure
Authors: Moshkina Evgeniya , Bovina Asya , Molokeev Maxim , Krylov Alexander , Shabanov Alexander , Chernyshov Artem , Sofronova Svetlana
Published: July 2021

Single crystals of (Mn,Ni,Cu)3BO5 ludwigites have been obtained by a flux technique and studied by XRD, EDX and Raman spectroscopy. The significant difference of the actual Mn/Ni/Cu ratio and the ratio in the flux was found and discussed.
Five novel MOFs with various dimensions as efficient catalysts for oxygen evolution reactions
Authors: Ren Zhu-Meng , Wang Lu-Lu , Wang Jin-Miao , Zhu Bin , Gao Qiang , Wang Mei , Shao Feng , Fan Yu-Hua
Published: July 2021

Five novel MOFs with various dimensions designed as high-efficiency electrocatalysts for oxygen evaluation reactions.
Unravelling the full relaxation dynamics of superexcited helium nanodroplets
Authors: Asmussen Jakob D. , Michiels Rupert , Dulitz Katrin , Ngai Aaron , Bangert Ulrich , Barranco Manuel , Binz Marcel , Bruder Lukas , Danailov Miltcho , Di Fraia Michele , Eloranta Jussi , Feifel Raimund , Giannessi Luca , Pi Marti , Plekan Oksana , Prince Kevin C. , Squibb Richard J. , Uhl Daniel , Wituschek Andreas , Zangrando Marco , Callegari Carlo , Stienkemeier Frank , Mudrich Marcel
Published: July 2021

The relaxation dynamics of superexcited superfluid He nanodroplets is thoroughly investigated by means of extreme-ultraviolet (XUV) femtosecond electron and ion spectroscopy complemented by time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT).
Charge-transfer dynamics in van der Waals heterojunctions formed by thiophene-based semiconductor polymers and exfoliated franckeite investigated from resonantly core-excited electrons
Authors: Garcia-Basabe Yunier , Steinberg David , Daminelli Lara M. , Mendoza Cesar D. , de Souza E. A. Thoroh , Vicentin Flavio C. , G. Larrudé Dunieskys
Published: July 2021

We found evidence of ultrafast (subfemtosecond charge transfer times) interfacial electron delocalization pathways from specific electronic states.
Decomposition of nitrous oxide in hydrated cobalt(i) clusters: a theoretical insight into the mechanistic roles of ligand-binding modes
Authors: Demissie Ephrem G. , Lam Wing Ka , Thompson Hayden , Tang Wai Kit , Siu Chi-Kit
Published: July 2021

In small [Co(N2O)(H2O)n]+ clusters, N2O can bind to Co+ through its O-end or N-end and then be decomposed into [CoO]+ + N2 or [CoOH]+ + N2 + OH, respectively. However, in large clusters, the decomposition is effective only through the N-bound mode.
The synergistic mechanisms of apo-ferritin structural transitions and Au(iii) ion transportation: molecular dynamics simulations with the Markov state model
Authors: Peng Xue , Lu Chenlin , Liu Zheng , Lu Diannan
Published: July 2021

Due to its unique structure, recent years have witnessed the use of apo-ferritin to accumulate various non-natural metal ions as a scaffold for nanomaterial synthesis.
Catalytic sulfate formation mechanism influenced by important constituents of cloud waterviathe reaction of SO2oxidized by hypobromic acid in marine areas
Authors: Liu Jiarong , Liang Danli , Liu Ling , Ning An , Zhang Xiuhui
Published: July 2021

The reaction process of SO2oxidized by hypobromic acid is an important pathway, contributing to sulfate formation in marine areas.
Constructing the bonding interactions between endohedral metallofullerene superatoms by embedded atomic regulation
Authors: Xie Weiyu , Yu Famin , Wu Xiaochen , Liu Zhonghua , Yan Qiang , Wang Zhigang
Published: July 2021

Bonding types between endohedral metallofullerene (EMF) superatoms can be regulated by changing embedded atoms.
A framework for constructing linear free energy relationships to design molecular transition metal catalysts
Authors: Lan Zhenzhuo , Mallikarjun Sharada Shaama
Published: July 2021

Novel approach for constructing active site-specific linear free energy relationships using the activation strain model.
Nanoconfining solution-processed organic semiconductors for emerging optoelectronics
Authors: Zhang Yuze , Chen Alina , Kim Min-Woo , Alaei Aida , Lee Stephanie S.
Published: July 2021

This tutorial review highlights the role of nanoconfinement in selecting for orientations and polymorphs of organic semiconductor crystals that are optimized for optoelectronic processes, including charge transport and light emission.
Solvent-free esterifications mediated by immobilized lipases: a review from thermodynamic and kinetic perspectives
Authors: Sousa Ronaldo Rodrigues , Silva Ayla Sant'Ana , Fernandez-Lafuente Roberto , Ferreira-Leitão Viridiana Santana
Published: July 2021

Esters are a highly relevant class of compounds in the industrial context, and biocatalysis applied to ester syntheses is already a reality for some chemical companies.
Insights into the catalytic mechanism of 5-hydroxymethfurfural to phthalic anhydride with MoO3/Cu(NO3)2 in one-pot
Authors: Jia Wenlong , Li Weile , Zhao Xiaoyu , Feng Yunchao , Zuo Miao , Sun Yong , Tang Xing , Zeng Xianhai , Lin Lu
Published: July 2021

A synthetic approach to obtain renewable phthalic anhydride (PA) from 5-hydroxymethfurfural (HMF) with a yield of 63.2% using MoO3/Cu(NO3)2 as a catalyst in one pot.
Pine nut antioxidant peptides ameliorate the memory impairment in a scopolamine-induced mouse model via SIRT3-induced synaptic plasticity
Authors: Lu Hongyan , Fang Li , Wang Ji , Zhao Fanrui , Liu Chunlei , Gao Yawen , Liu Jingsheng , Min Weihong
Published: July 2021

The effects of a pine nut albumin hydrolysate (fraction <3 kDa) and Trp-Tyr-Pro-Gly-Lys (WYPGK) on synaptic plasticity and memory function in scopolamine-induced memory-impaired mice, as well as the potential underlying mechanism in PC12 cells.
Efficient visible light mediated synthesis of quinolin-2(1H)-ones from quinolineN-oxides
Authors: Mandal Susanta , Bhuyan Samuzal , Jana Saibal , Hossain Jagir , Chhetri Karan , Roy Biswajit Gopal
Published: July 2021

Quinolin-2(1H)-ones are prevalent in natural products and pharmacologically useful compounds. Here we present an unconventional and hitherto unknown photocatalytic approach to their synthesis from easily available quinoline-N-oxides.
High-performance 3D printing UV-curable resins derived from soybean oil and gallic acid
Authors: Zhu Guoqiang , Zhang Jinshuai , Huang Jia , Yu Xixi , Cheng Jianwen , Shang Qianqian , Hu Yun , Liu Chengguo , Hu Lihong , Zhou Yonghong
Published: July 2021

Novel biobased UV-curable resins were prepared via a simple one-pot method, showing excellent thermal and mechanical properties and high 3D printing resolution.
One-pot construction of robust BiOCl/ZnO p–n heterojunctions with semi-coherent interfaces toward improving charge separation for photodegradation enhancement
Authors: Yang Xiaoli , Sun Shaodong , Cui Jie , Yang Man , Yang Qing , Xiao Peng , Liang Shuhua
Published: July 2021

Novel BiOCl/ZnO p–n heterojunctions with unique semi-coherent interfaces were prepared, which displayed a remarkable catalytic performance and excellent stability towards the photodegradation of rhodamine B, tetracycline, and ciprofloxacin.
Poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline-co-ethyleneimine)-block-poly(ε-caprolactone) based micelles: synthesis, characterization, peptide conjugation and cytotoxic activity
Authors: Gulyuz Sevgi , Ozkose Umut Ugur , Parlak Khalily Melek , Kesici Mehmet Seckin , Kocak Polen , Bolat Zeynep Busra , Kara Asli , Ozturk Naile , Özçubukçu Salih , Bozkir Asuman , Alpturk Onur , Telci Dilek , Sahin Fikrettin , Vural Imran , Yilmaz Ozgur
Published: July 2021

Here we present self-assembled polymeric micelles as potential delivery systems for therapeutic agents with highly tunable properties.
A nanofiltration membrane fabricated on a surfactant activated substrate with improved separation performance and acid resistance
Authors: Bai Lu , Wang Min , Yang Hongjun , Peng Zhengjun , Zhao Youjing , Li Zhilu
Published: July 2021

Uniformly dispersed and enhanced amounts of PEI molecules attract drag by SDS exhibit a high crosslinking degree and smooth surface morphology.
Distinctive MoS2-MoP nanosheet structures anchored on N-doped porous carbon support as a catalyst to enhance the electrochemical hydrogen production
Authors: Yang Yaoxia , An Xuqin , Kang Mi , Guo Fengyao , Zhang Lan , Wang Qingtao , Sun Dongfei , Liao Yuan , Yang Zhiwang , Lei Ziqiang
Published: July 2021

The fabricated MoS2-MoP/NC heterojunction electrocatalyst showed a low overpotential, small Tafel slope and excellent stability in alkaline and acidic media.
Efficient FAPbI3–PbS quantum dot graphene-based phototransistors
Authors: Aynehband Samaneh , Mohammadi Maryam , Poushimin Rana , Nunzi Jean-Michel , Simchi Abdolreza
Published: July 2021

PbS quantum dots capped with formamidinium ligands were deposited as graphene-based photodetectors. Solid phase exchange improves the infrared photo-detectivity.
Alternative metabolic pathways and strategies to high-titre terpenoid production inEscherichia coli
Authors: Rinaldi Mauro A. , Ferraz Clara A. , Scrutton Nigel S.
Published: July 2021

Terpenoids are a diverse group of chemicals used in a wide range of industries. They can be made through alternative metabolic pathways to reach the higher needed for biomanufacturing.
Comprehensively enhanced delivery cascade by transformable beaded nanofibrils for pancreatic cancer therapy
Authors: Sheng Qinglin , Li Ting , Tang Xian , Zhao Wei , Guo Rong , Cun Xingli , Zang Shuya , Zhang Zhirong , Li Man , He Qin
Published: July 2021

The manuscript has established a transformable nanomedicine (GD@PPF) that comprehensively enhanced the drug delivery efficiency for pancreatic cancer therapy.
Enabling multifunctional electrocatalysts by modifying the basal plane of unifunctional 1T′-MoS2 with anchored transition metal single atoms
Authors: Wang Yuanyuan , Wang Mengru , Lu Zhansheng , Ma Dongwei , Jia Yu
Published: July 2021

Based on first-principles calculations, highly efficient multifunctional single-atom catalysts are realized by modifying the basal plane of unifunctional 1T′-MoS2 with the supported transition-metal single atoms that create new active sites.
Not all cells are created equal – endosomal escape in fluorescent nanodiamonds in different cells
Authors: Zhang Yue , Sharmin Rokshana , Sigaeva Alina , Klijn Carline W. M. , Mzyk Aldona , Schirhagl Romana
Published: July 2021

We investigate differences in nanodiamond uptake between cells types and between cells from the same cells type.
Synthesis and reactivity of alkynyl boron compounds
Authors: Nandy Soumilee , Paul Swagata , Das Kanak Kanti , Kumar Parveen , Ghorai Debraj , Panda Santanu
Published: July 2021

Alkynyl boron compounds have attracted profound interest in synthetic organic chemistry. This review article summarizes the various methods developed for the synthesis and reactivity of alkynyl boron compounds in a chronological manner.
Bismuth(iii)-catalyzed bis-cyclization of propargylic diol-esters: a unified approach for the synthesis of [5,5]- and [6,5]-oxaspirolactones
Authors: Kambale Digambar A. , Borade Balasaheb R. , Kontham Ravindar
Published: July 2021

A unified strategy for the synthesis of α,β-unsaturated [5,5]- and [6,5]-oxaspirolactones via Bi(OTf)3-catalyzed cascade bis-cyclization of propargylic diol esters and their semi-protected analogs is reported.
Investigation of thiolysis of 4-substituted SBD derivatives and rational design of a GSH-selective fluorescent probe
Authors: Yang Chao , Tu Xiaoqiang , Ji Xiuru , Ye Haishun , Li Shan , Sun Lu , Yi Long , Xi Zhen
Published: July 2021

4-Substituted SBD derivatives are tunable structural motifs for thiol-mediated thiolysis reactions, and a new GSH-selective receptor is designed for dual-functional fluorescent probes.
Cyclic polylactide synthesis initiated by a lithium anthraquinoid: understanding the selectivity through DFT and diffusion NMR
Authors: Martínez Cristina Ruiz , Pérez Juana M. , Arrabal-Campos Francisco M. , Batuecas María , Ortuño Manuel A. , Fernández Ignacio
Published: July 2021

We present herein the application of a lithium anthraquinoid in the catalytic synthesis of cyclic PLA, showing that the aggregation plays a critical role in cyclic vs. linear selectivity.
Polymers from sugars and CS2: ring opening copolymerisation of a d-xylose anhydrosugar oxetane
Authors: McGuire Thomas M. , Buchard Antoine
Published: July 2021

An oxetane derived from d-xylose has been copolymerised with CS2 into sulfur-containing polymers which are chemically recyclable and degradable under UV light.
Representative 2D-material-based nanocomposites and their emerging applications: a review
Authors: Qadir Akeel , Le Top Khac , Malik Muhammad , Amedome Min-Dianey Kossi Aniya , Saeed Imran , Yu Yiting , Choi Jeong Ryeol , Pham Phuong V.
Published: July 2021

Composites (or complex materials) are formed from two or many constituent materials with novel physical or chemical characteristics when integrated.
Copper sulfide as the cation exchange template for synthesis of bimetallic catalysts for CO2electroreduction
Authors: Li Jinghan , Li Junrui , Dun Chaochao , Chen Wenshu , Zhang Di , Gu Jiajun , Urban Jeffrey J. , Ager Joel W.
Published: July 2021

Cu sulfides as a template for Ag/Cu sulfide catalysts for electrochemical CO2. With the introduction of Ag, nanosheet show increased C2+ product generation. The catalysts undergo a morphology evolution as CO2reduction proceeds.
Untargeted metabolomic and lipid metabolism-related gene expression analyses of the effects and mechanism of aged Liupao tea treatment in HFD-induced obese mice
Authors: Wu Wenliang , Hu Yao , Zhang Shuguang , Liu Dongming , Li Qing , Lin Yong , Liu Zhonghua
Published: July 2021

Liupao tea (LPT) has been demonstrated to have beneficial effects on obesity induced by a high-fat diet (HFD); however, the effects and mechanism of aged Liupao tea (different storage years) treatment on obesity have not yet been reported.
Surface engineering of a Cu-based heterogeneous catalyst for efficient azide–alkyne click cycloaddition
Authors: Vilé Gianvito , Liu Jiaxu , Zhang Zhenmei
Published: July 2021

Atomic-scale engineering of the copper active sites tunes the material performance in the regioselective synthesis of triazoles.
Controlling lattice oxygen activity of oxygen carrier materials by design: a review and perspective
Authors: Liu Wen
Published: July 2021

The lattice oxygen activity of oxygen carriers is critical to chemical looping processes and can be effectively controlled with prepared (i) solid solution mixtures, (ii) ternary oxide phases or (iii) core–shell structured oxygen carriers.
Direct electrochemical hydrodefluorination of trifluoromethylketones enabled by non-protic conditions
Authors: Box John R. , Atkins Alexander P. , Lennox Alastair J. J.
Published: July 2021

The electrochemical hydrodefluorination of trifluoromethylketones under non-protic conditions make this single-step reaction at deeply reductive potentials uniquely amenable to challenging electron-rich substrates and reductively sensitive functionalities.
The switchable phosphorescence and delayed fluorescence of a new rhodamine-like dye through allenylidene formation in a cyclometallated platinum(ii) system
Authors: Zhao Shunan , Zhu Yifan , Li Ling , Guerchais Véronique , Boixel Julien , Wong Keith Man-Chung
Published: July 2021

A new rhodamine-like ligand (Rhodyne) was designed to coordinate a cyclometallated platinum(ii) system. Allenylidene formation could trigger NIR phosphorescence at 740 nm originating from Rhodyne 3IL, as well as delayed fluorescence at 620 nm.
Superhydrophobic μ-pillars via simple and scalable SLA 3D-printing: the stair-case effect and their wetting models
Authors: Bonilla-Cruz José , Sy Jo Ann C. , Lara-Ceniceros Tania E. , Gaxiola-López Julio C. , García Vincent , Basilia Blessie A. , Advincula Rigoberto C.
Published: July 2021

We highlight surface fabrication of μ-PLS with a tilted orientation and dual roughness-scale along the X–Y plane exhibiting a superhydrophobic effect by using a fast and affordable SLA 3D printer. Wetting models to explain our findings were used.
Pressure-stabilized GdN6 with an armchair–antiarmchair structure as a high energy density material
Authors: Liu Lulu , Wang Dinghui , Zhang Shoutao , Zhang Haijun
Published: July 2021

Pressure-induced GdN6 with armchair–antiarmchair polynitrogen has a high energy density of 1.62 kJ g−1, with excellent explosive performance comparable to that of TNT, becoming the first high energy density material among lanthanide nitrides.
Boosting reverse water-gas shift reaction activity of Pt nanoparticles through light doping of W
Authors: Kobayashi Daiya , Kobayashi Hirokazu , Kusada Kohei , Yamamoto Tomokazu , Toriyama Takaaki , Matsumura Syo , Kawaguchi Shogo , Kubota Yoshiki , Haneda Masaaki , Aspera Susan Meñez , Nakanishi Hiroshi , Arai Shigebumi , Kitagawa Hiroshi
Published: July 2021

We report PtW solid-solution alloy nanoparticles (NPs) as a reverse water-gas shift (RWGS) reaction catalyst for the first time. Atomic-level alloying of Pt and W significantly enhanced the RWGS reaction activity of Pt NPs.
Anti-perovskites for solid-state batteries: recent developments, current challenges and future prospects
Authors: Dawson James A. , Famprikis Theodosios , Johnston Karen E.
Published: July 2021

For the first time, we highlight recent experimental and atomistic modelling insights into Li- and Na-rich anti-perovskite battery materials, with particular attention given to their synthesisability, structures, ion transport and interfaces.
Utilization of B2O3–Bi2O3–ZnO low-temperature glass-ceramics to immobilize iodine-loaded silver-coated silica-gel
Authors: Yang Jingjun , Li Qingyuan , Ding Congcong , He Lili , Xue Liang , Cheng Wencai , Zhang Zhentao , Wei Guilin , Liu Yi , Huang Long , Xie Yi , Lu Xirui
Published: July 2021

This study is dedicated to investigating the performance of B2O3–Bi2O3–ZnO low-temperature glass-ceramics to immobilize iodine-loaded silver-coated silica-gel (AgIs).
Comparing Biofeedback Types for Children With Residual /ɹ/ Errors in American English: A Single-Case Randomization Design
Authors: Benway Nina R. , Hitchcock Elaine R. , McAllister Tara , Feeny Graham Tomkins , Hill Jennifer , Preston Jonathan L.
Published: July 2021

Purpose

Research comparing different biofeedback types could lead to individualized treatments for those with residual speech errors. This study examines within-treatment response to ultrasound and visual-acoustic biofeedback, as well as generalization to untrained words, for errors affecting the American English rhotic /ɹ/. We investigated whether some children demonstrated greater improvement in /ɹ/ during ultrasound or visual-acoustic biofeedback. Each participant received both biofeedback types. Individual predictors of treatment response (i.e., age, auditory-perceptual skill, oral somatosensory skill, and growth mindset) were also explored.

Method

Seven children ages 9–16 years with residual rhotic errors participated in 10 treatment visits. Each visit consisted of two conditions: 45 min of ultrasound biofeedback and 45 min of visual-acoustic biofeedback. The order of biofeedback conditions was randomized within a single-case experimental design. Acquisition of /ɹ/ was evaluated through acoustic measurements (normalized F3–F2 difference) of selected nonbiofeedback productions during practice. Generalization of /ɹ/ was evaluated through acoustic measurements and perceptual ratings of pretreatment/posttreatment probes.

Results

Five participants demonstrated acquisition of practiced words during the combined treatment package. Three participants demonstrated a clinically significant degree of generalization to untreated words on posttreatment probes. Randomization tests indicated one participant demonstrated a significant advantage for visual-acoustic over ultrasound biofeedback. Participants' auditory-perceptual acuity on an /ɹ/−/w/ identification task was identified as a possible correlate of generalization following treatment.

Conclusions

Most participants did not demonstrate a statistically significant difference in acoustic productions between the ultrasound and visual-acoustic conditions, but one participant showed greater improvement in /ɹ/ during visual-acoustic biofeedback.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.14881101
Extending Ultrasound Tongue Shape Complexity Measures to Speech Development and Disorders
Authors: Kabakoff Heather , Harel Daphna , Tiede Mark , Whalen D. H. , McAllister Tara
Published: July 2021

Purpose

Generalizations can be made about the order in which speech sounds are added to a child's phonemic inventory and the ways that child speech deviates from adult targets in a given language. Developmental and disordered speech patterns are presumed to reflect differences in both phonological knowledge and skilled motor control, but the relative contribution of motor control remains unknown. The ability to differentially control anterior versus posterior regions of the tongue increases with age, and thus, complexity of tongue shapes is believed to reflect an individual's capacity for skilled motor control of speech structures.

Method

The current study explored the relationship between tongue complexity and phonemic development in children (ages 4–6 years) with and without speech sound disorder producing various phonemes. Using established metrics of tongue complexity derived from ultrasound images, we tested whether tongue complexity incrementally increased with age in typical development, whether tongue complexity differed between children with and without speech sound disorder, and whether tongue complexity differed based on perceptually rated accuracy (correct vs. incorrect) for late-developing phonemes in both diagnostic groups.

Results

Contrary to hypothesis, age was not significantly associated with tongue complexity in our typical child sample, with the exception of one association between age and complexity of /t/ for one measure. Phoneme was a significant predictor of tongue complexity, and typically developing children had more complex tongue shapes for /ɹ/ than children with speech sound disorder. Those /ɹ/ tokens that were rated as perceptually correct had higher tongue complexity than the incorrect tokens, independent of diagnostic classification.

Conclusions

Quantification of tongue complexity can provide a window into articulatory patterns characterizing children's speech development, including differences that are perceptually covert. With the increasing availability of ultrasound imaging, these measures could help identify individuals with a prominent motor component to their speech sound disorder and could help match those individuals with a corresponding motor-based treatment approach.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.14880039
Reporting and Reproducibility of Meta-Analysis in Speech, Language, and Hearing Research
Authors: Chow Jason C. , Sjogren Ashlee L. , Zhao Hongyang
Published: July 2021

Purpose

The purposes of this meta-review are to (a) articulate the importance of transparency and reproducibility in meta-analysis, (b) assess the transparency and reproducibility of meta-analyses published in journals of the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA), and (c) discuss the implications of our findings and recommendations for future research.

Method

We conducted a meta-review of all meta-analyses published in ASHA journals through December 31, 2020. Our systematic review yielded 47 meta-analyses for inclusion in this review. We coded all eligible reports on the core elements of transparency and reproducibility in meta-analysis.

Results

Our findings suggest that though reporting tendencies have improved over time, much work is needed to promote transparency and reproducibility in meta-analytic work. Key areas for future accountability include preregistering study protocol, using Preferred Reporting in Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis checklists, providing full data sets, and publishing analytic codes.

Conclusions

The state of reporting in meta-analysis is improving over time. We conclude with a discussion of specific areas that need further attention, and recommendations for researchers to consider when conducting future meta-analyses.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.14888481
An estimation framework to quantify railway disruption parameters
Authors: Grandhi Bhagya Shrithi , Chaniotakis Emmanouil , Thomann Stephan , Laube Felix , Antoniou Constantinos
Published: July 2021

Railway network operations form complex systems. Any disruption adversely impacts the operations, causing long delays. Many studies investigate the effect of a railway incident; however, a holistic quantification is lacking. This study aims to present an estimation framework for flexible traffic management systems, which can help reduce network delays and enable dispatchers to make better‐informed decisions. An incident's impact on the network is estimated by creating a sequence of models, which predict two key variables. Firstly, the incident duration is predicted, which is used to predict the second variable: total delay caused by the incident. Various influencing attributes are examined, such as weather, network and railway‐related attributes. Their relationship with the response variables is studied in order to understand the incident's impact. Using incident data from the Danish Railways, machine learning models are estimated. The results show that neural networks outperform other competing models for total delay modelling, resulting in improved prediction by the estimation framework, thus giving higher accuracy than the stand‐alone models in the study.
Analysis of the influence of different soil properties on the strength characteristics of cement soil
Authors: Liu Hewen , Wu Wenjia
Published: July 2021

When deep cement mixing method (DCM) uses cement as solidified material to treat marine soft foundation, the strength of soil is different due to the diversity of water content, void ratio and particle fineness. Based on the Pearl River Estuary DCM project, this paper uses a variety of PO.42.5 cement and marine soft soil in the Pearl River estuary area to carry out indoor mix proportion tests. There are four kinds of soil: flowing mud, silt, muddy soil and silt. The test results show that the strength of cement soil in different soil layers is diversity. The effect of cement solidification treatment on silt and muddy soil is good, followed by silt, and flowing mud is slightly poor. The selected PO.42.5 cement can meet the strength requirements of DCM.
Experimental study on the influence of recycled aggregates on the mechanical properties of concrete
Authors: Li Chuangui , Zhao Hongkui , Wu Jianfeng , Li Xiangang , Zhang Ya
Published: July 2021

Construction solid waste has become an important environmental pollution source in the city, and the treatment and application of construction solid waste has become the focus of attention. Construction waste recycled aggregates have defects such as high water absorption and micro cracks, which affect its extensive application. In order to improve the utilization rate of recycled aggregates, the influence of different replacement rates of recycled aggregates on the mechanical properties of concrete is studied in this paper. The results show that with the increase of replacement rate of recycled aggregates, the 3-day, 7-day and 28-day compressive strength, splitting strength and cohesive force of concrete decrease gradually, but the mechanical properties of concrete decrease slowly at 3 days and 7 days, and decrease obviously at 28 days. Moreover, with the increase of replacement rate of recycled aggregates, the decline trend of mechanical properties is not obvious. Compared with natural aggregate concrete, the 28-day compressive strength, splitting strength and cohesive force of 100% recycled aggregate concrete are reduced by 16.1%, 20.1% and 18.1% respectively, but the mechanical properties meet the requirements of C30 concrete, which provides a reference for engineering application.
Application of Building Information Modeling (BIM) technology in the quality management of prefabricated buildings
Authors: Peng Cong , Li Xing
Published: July 2021

Recent years, China is focus on promoting prefabricated buildings in the field of construction and increasing the assembly rate of various buildings throughout the country, and it should pay more attention to the quality issues of prefabricated construction. BIM technology is a emerging science and technology, it has the advantages to control the quality of the construction, and play the critical role in the production and construction of prefabricated buildings. The application ideas of BIM technology and put forward, which provide a reference for improving the quality of prefabricated buildings.
Research on the Performance of Manufactured Sand Concrete with Different Stone Powder Content
Authors: Donglin Che , Jiajun Wang , Zhiwen Ding , Bin Ma , Yihan Zhang
Published: July 2021

The working performance and durability of medium and low strength machine-made sand concrete with different stone powder contents were studied, and the optimal range of stone powder content in machine-made sand concrete was explored. The results show that an appropriate amount of stone powder has a significant impact on the performance of machine-made sand concrete, which can increase the volume of the slurry and increase the density of the concrete, thereby improving the crack resistance of the concrete and reducing the permeability of chloride ions. Comprehensive analysis shows that the optimal range of stone powder content (mass fraction) is between 10% and 15%. In this range, the chloride ion permeability of machine-made sand concrete decreases with the increase of the stone powder content, and the dynamic elastic modulus decreases slightly with the increase of the stone powder content, but the amplitude is small (only 2%), so it is mixed A proper amount of stone powder can improve the aggregate gradation, increase the density of concrete, and improve the advantages of poor concrete workability.
Research on Key Technical Indexes of Coastal Reclamation Planning and Design
Authors: Shixia Zhang , Zhenyu Zhan , Guangtian Cao
Published: July 2021

Large-scale coastal reclamation has become a significant land use issue worldwide for urban construction and economic development. The reclamation of coastal wetlands brings substantial economic benefits, however, the structure and function of coastal ecosystem are affected by drivers of human-caused landscape change. This research takes Hangzhou Bay and Zhoushan Islands as the case study to investigate the correlation between the coastal geomorphic complexity and the tidal range reduction rate, and to explore the control technical indexes of the design in reclamation area by a multidisciplinary approach that integrates the basic theories and quantitative methods of fractal geometry with the hydrodynamic mechanism of ocean dynamics. The results show that the coastal tidal range reduction rate is closely related to the coastline fractal dimension and patch shape index (D, S), and reveals the influence of the complexity of the coastal landscape on the tidal energy loss. In addition, based on model predictions, it can be found that the large-scale reclamation in Zhoushan will cause a serious decline in the complexity of the coastal landscape and the reduction of tidal energy, which is extremely detrimental to coastal disaster prevention. In the end, the scientific design theory and quantitative control indexes of reclamation are put forward to provide theoretical basis and design reference for future coastal reclamation and disaster prevention.
Application of "green design" sustainable concept in transmission line
Authors: Zhang De Guang , Ren Ya Ning , Gao Fan , Wang Li Huan , Liu Zhe
Published: July 2021

According to the requirements of sustainable development, through scientific planning of engineering design activities, the sustainable concept of "green design" is introduced into the design of transmission line. The green design method is elaborated in four aspects: electrical design of transmission line, design of tower foundation, structural design of tower body and cable design, which guide the "green construction" of saving resources, protecting environment, improving efficiency and ensuring quality, so as to achieve the goal of saving resources and reducing the negative impact on the environment to the maximum extent. Therefore, the sustainable concept of "green design" has far-reaching promotion significance and prospects.
Evaluation of the supply capacity of livelihood service facilities in the post-epidemic era
Authors: Zhang Ruipeng , Su Changquan , Huo Junwei
Published: July 2021

Livelihood supply security is a critical issue when a public health emergency comes, and the layout planning of existing commercial facilities in China is not yet able to meet the livelihood supply in emergency situations. Evaluating the layout plan of existing commercial facilities is the first step to optimize them. Based on the theory of community "living circle", this study takes the central urban area of Hefei City as the scope of research, uses the big data platform and GIS to analyze the accessibility of commercial facilities for people's livelihood supply, conducts comprehensive evaluation at the community level, and explores the development direction of optimizing the planning and layout of commercial facilities for people's livelihood supply in the community living circle. The final analysis concludes that the layout planning of livelihood supply commercial facilities in areas with relatively low degree of construction at the edge of the central city of Hefei is unable to meet the basic living needs of residents under normal conditions. The problem is less obvious in the core area of the central city, but is further magnified in the face of sudden public health events, and its problematic area is more obviously expanded.
Resources Investigation of Indigenous Plants in Nanchang and Their Application in Urban Landscape
Authors: Qin Xu
Published: July 2021

To improve bio-diversity in cities, we need to focus on indigenous plants in greening initiatives. In this study, the indigenous plants in Nanchang were investigated to analyze the current situations of indigenous plants in this region and their application in urban greening in Nanchang. The problems in using indigenous plants for greening in Nanchang City were analyzed and corresponding suggestions were made.
A new anisotropic continuum traffic flow model with anticipation driving behavior
Authors: Kang Yirong , Yang Shuhong
Published: July 2021

Based on the anticipation driving car-following model, a new macro traffic flow model is established in this paper by considering the relationship between micro and macro variables. Therefore, the evolution law of traffic flow with anticipation driving effect can be studied from macroscopic level. By using approaches of linear stability analysis, the linear stability discriminant condition of the new macro model to keep the traffic flow stable against small disturbance is obtained. Numerical experiments verify that the model can not only simulate the unique shock wave, rarefaction wave mutation and the dynamic propagation process of small disturbance, but also improve the stability of traffic flow by introducing the information of anticipation driving behavior.
A Research on Public Space Planning of Rural Architecture Based on Villagers’ Perception: A Case Study of Xingjing Town, Xixia District, Yinchuan City, Ningxia Province
Authors: Gui-fen Lyu
Published: July 2021

In the context of rapid global urbanization, rural villagers’ demand for public space is increasing. This article understands the development of rural public space through the perception of villagers. Using literature research method, questionnaire survey method, field investigation method and other methods, the investigation results of villagers’ behavior in rural public spaces and villagers’ satisfaction were analyzed. The study found that the villagers’ demand for public space is mostly in terms of accessibility, good landscape, and good environment. The villagers hope that the town can have more public spaces to enrich life. Therefore, based on the conclusions of villagers’ perception survey and research, this article studies the planning and design strategies of rural architecture public spaces.
First record of the stone crayfish in the Romanian lowlands
Authors: Groza Marius-Ioan , Cupșa Diana , Lovrenčić Leona , Maguire Ivana
Published: July 2021

The stone crayfish is a native European freshwater species with significant population declines caused by anthropogenic pressure onto its habitats, climate change and spreading of non-indigenous invasive crayfish and their pathogens (e.g., Aphanomyces astaci). We present the first record of an Austropotamobius torrentium population in a small stream from the southern lowlands of Romania, in an area without limestone or karst, known as a typical stone crayfish habitat in this country. No additional populations were found in the neighbouring streams. The mtDNA analysis based on sequencing a short fragment of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene revealed that specimens from this newly discovered population belongs to the most widespread phylogroup of A. torrentium (CSE) and share the same haplotype as the specimens found in Croatia. Unfortunately, this crayfish population has disappeared most likely because of the crayfish plague since pathogen A. astaci was isolated from moribund crayfish. Our study highlights the vulnerability of isolated relic populations in the face of outside stressors.