bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Short-term monitoring of the winching and skidding effects on soil microbial biomass in Turkish red pine in the Mediterranean Region
Authors: BABUR Emre
Published: September 2021

Harvesting activities in forests can seriously damage soils and cause short and long-term changes in some of their properties. The aim of this study is to determine the effects on the microbial properties of the failure of the soil by the whole tree method using a farm tractor in the short term. In total, 72 soil samples were collected on two soil layers (0-10 and 10-20 cm) and three seasons (spring, summer, and autumn) for identifying some physicochemical and microbial properties of soil. Mean values of the soil organic carbon and nitrogen were statistically different in the skidding (2.15% -0.13%) and control (2.90% -0.16%) areas, respectively. Also, It was determined that the skidding activities had a statistically significant effect on the microbial biomass carbon, nitrogen, and microbial soil respiration. A significant reduction in organic carbon and microbial biomass was observed in the soils in the skidding line. According to the seasonal patterns, the microbial biomass of the samples was found the lowest in summer (657.17 μg g–1) and the highest (763.76 μg g–1) in autumn. In the control areas, the lowest was 773.99 μg g–1 in the spring season and the highest was 886 μg g– 1 in the autumn season. It is predicted that the decomposition rate may have increased in parallel with the soil temperature, which increases as a result of the removal of the litter layer from the soil surface in the harvesting application. Consequently, it is important for forest and soil health to monitor the changes in the microbiological characteristics of soils for long periods and to produce in a way that causes minimum damage to the soil in harvesting activities of forests. Therefore, production activities should be carried out in periods when the soil is hard. In seasons, when soils are soft and sensitive, there is a need to develop alternative harvesting methods instead of skidding.
Building spatial conditional autoregressive (CAR) models in the Stan programming language
Authors: Donegan Connor
Published: September 2021

Modeling data collected by areal units, such as counties or census tracts, is a core component of population health research and of growing interest to the social sciences. Bayesian inference has both practical and philosophical advantages over classical statistical techniques, and advances in Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) are expanding the range of research questions to which Bayesian inference may be applied. This code snippet introduces code for fitting spatial conditional autoregressive (CAR) models with the Stan modeling language. Stan is an expressive programming language that uses a dynamic Hamiltonian Monte Carlo (HMC) algorithm to draw samples from user-specified probability models. This paper discusses various CAR model specifications and introduces computationally efficient implementations for Stan users. The geostan R package provides, among other things, convenience functions to ease the process of building custom spatial models in Stan. The paper demonstrates use of the code by modeling United States county, age- and sex-specific mortality data, including censored observations. The demonstration highlights the importance of thoughtful analysis of model residuals.
FransiscusNicholasRangga.20421003.JarKom.1
Authors: Rangga Fransiscus Nicholas
Published: September 2021

Tugas 1 - Jaringan Komputer
What Triggers Students’ State Anxiety in Schools: Using Latent Profile Analyses to Uncover the Combined Role of Anxiety Sensitivity and Test Anxiety
Authors: Journault Audrey-Ann , Plante Isabelle , Charbonneau Sandrine , Sauvageau Claudia , Longpré Charlotte , Giguère Charles-Édouard , Labonté Carolanne , Roger Kassandra , Cernik Rebecca , Chaffee Kathryn Everhart , Dumont Laurence , Labelle Réal , Lupien Sonia
Published: September 2021

Background: Studies report a growing tendency for students to experience state anxiety in schools. However, the combination of individual susceptibilities likely to trigger students’ anxious states remains unclear. Aims: This study examined whether distinct profiles of students emerge regarding their susceptibility to anxiety sensitivity and/or test anxiety and evaluated whether students’ profile predicted anxious states. We also verified whether susceptibility profiles varied across gender, school level, and school type. Sample and Methods: In total, 1404 Canadian students in Grades 5 and 10 (589 boys) from 13 public and private schools completed self-reported measures of state/trait anxiety, anxiety sensitivity and test anxiety. Results: Latent profile analyses identified four susceptibility profiles: (1) Double-susceptibility – highest anxiety sensitivity and test anxiety scores; (2) Unique-susceptibility to test anxiety – high test anxiety score and low anxiety scores score; (3) Unique-susceptibility to anxiety sensitivity – high anxiety sensitivity score and low test anxiety score; (4) No-susceptibility – lowest anxiety sensitivity and test anxiety scores. The profiles comprised 12%, 9%, 6%, and 73% of the sample, respectively, and their membership varied across gender and school type, but not across school levels. A linear mixed-effect model showed that state anxiety varied significantly between profiles, where the Double-susceptibility profile predicted the highest state anxiety scores, followed by the two Unique-susceptibility profiles (indifferently), and the No-susceptibility profile. Conclusions: Beyond their theoretical contribution to the state-trait anxiety literature, these findings suggest that selective interventions designed more specifically for students with the Double-susceptibility profile may be worthwhile. Results also highlight the high proportion of students with the No-susceptibility profile and shed light on the reassuring portrait regarding students’ anxiety.
Visual Art Sebagai Media untuk Membantu Konseli Mengekspresikan Perasaan dan Permasalahan
Authors: Jati Paula
Published: September 2021

Tidak semua individu mampu mengekspresikan perasaan atau permasalahan secara baik. Melalui konseling individu diharapkan untuk mampu mengekpresikannya dengan baik. Konseling seni dapat menjadi alternatif bagi konselor untuk membantu konseli dengan menggunakan teknik-teknik yang sesuai dengan keadaan konseli, salah satunya yakni visual art. Melalui visual art ini, konseli dapat dengan mudah untuk mengekspresikan perasaan dan permasalahan melalui media seperti gambar, lukisan, foto, patung, dan lain sebagainya yang dapat disesuaikan dengan jenis usia. Melalui metode ini konselor dapat dengan mudah untuk memahami dan menangkap makna dari permasalahan konseli yang ditunjukkan melalui berbagai macam jenis dari visual art ini.
Kintsugi – identity change and reconstruction following an episode of psychosis: a systematic review and thematic synthesis
Authors: Harris Olivia , Lawes Anna Jane , Jacobsen Pamela Charlotte , Andrews Carina
Published: September 2021

Systematic review and thematic synthesis of identity change and reconstruction amongst people with psychosis
Negativity in online news coverage of vaccination rates in Serbia: A content analysis
Authors: Lazić Aleksandra , Zezelj Iris
Published: September 2021

Objective: This content analysis study explored how online news media communicates and frames vaccination rates and herd immunity (the effect where enough people are immune, the virus is contained).Methods: We analyzed 160 vaccination-related news stories by nine highest-trafficked news websites in Serbia, published July–December 2017, around the start of the measles outbreak. We coded both the news story as a whole and every vaccination-rate mention (N = 339).Results: News stories framed current vaccination rates and changes in them in a predominantly negative way (175/241 and 67/98 mentions, respectively) (e.g., “only 50% vaccinated”, “fewer parents vaccinating their children”), especially when referring to the measles vaccine (202/262 mentions). A total of 23/86 of news stories mentioning vaccination rates did not provide any numerical values. Reference groups for vaccination rates were rarely specified. Out of the 32 news stories mentioning herd immunity, 11 explained the effect.Conclusions: Even routine communication of vaccination rates can be biased through negative frames and imprecise descriptions. Lamenting low immunization rates could activate a negative descriptive social norm (“many people are not getting vaccinated”), which may be especially ill-advised in the absence of an explanation of the social benefit of achieving herd immunity through vaccination.
Grandparents childhood exposures and religious belief in their granddaughters: possible transgenerational associations
Authors: golding jean , Gregory Steven , Northstone Kate , Pembrey Marcus , Ellis Genette , Watkins Sarah H , Iles-Caven Yasmiin , Suderman Matthew
Published: September 2021

The prevalence of religious belief has fallen dramatically. A possible reason is that environmental exposures to previous generations are involved, e.g., evidence of an association between childhood exposures of grandparents and outcomes in their grandchildren including obesity, autistic traits, and survival have been reported. Generally, the associations between the grandparent’s exposure and grandchild’s outcome varied with sex of grandparent, his/her age at exposure and sex of the grandchild.Using data collected by the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) we investigate whether exposures such as smoking and/or traumatic events experienced by any of the grandparents are associated with the likelihood that their adult grandchildren have a religious belief. We show that the granddaughters (but not the grandsons) were more likely to have reported such a belief if one of their maternal grandparents had experienced traumatic events pre-puberty (age 6-11), or their paternal grandmother had experienced such events in adolescence. Conversely if their maternal grandfather had started smoking regularly during childhood or their paternal grandmother had smoked prenatally, the granddaughter was substantially less likely to be a believer. These associations were mutually independent and not explained by demographic factors. They may account for a small proportion of the fall in prevalence of religious belief over time, but the association needs confirming in other studies.
Medidas de bioseguridad en los padres de familia o tutor de un Hospital Pediátrico del Ecuador
Authors: Saca Valarezo Kiara Nataly , Alvarado Guarderas Grace Ivanova , Chamba Tandazo Marlene Johana
Published: September 2021

Introducción: las normas de bioseguridad actúan como un factor protector de infecciones intrahospitalarias al contrarrestar la exposición de riesgos biológicos producto de agentes infecciosos que se encuentran presentes en los centros de salud.Objetivo: determinar los conocimientos de los padres de familia o tutor de las medidas de bioseguridad en el área de salud pediátricaMétodos: investigación no experimental, descriptivo, transversal, dirigido a 60 padres de familia o tutor que acompañaron a los pacientes hospitalizados en el área de pediatría.Resultados: Se evidenció que los padres de familia o tutores tienen un 88,3% de conocimientos inadecuados sobre las medidas de bioseguridad en el área de pediatría, el 90% de los profesionales de salud y de enfermería del área de pediatría no realizan un proceso educativo de las normas de bioseguridad a los padres, 58.3% de los padres en pocas ocasiones se lavan de las manos durante la hospitalización de sus hijos, 66 % de los padres no utilizan el gel antiséptico, el 83.3% de los padres muy pocas veces se lavan las manos luego de salir del área de pediatría, el 73.3% padres no clasifica los desechos en su respectivo depósito de basura.Conclusiones: Los padres de familia o tutores tienen conocimientos inadecuados sobre las medidas de bioseguridad en el área de pediatría El personal de salud debe brindar información relevante sobre las medidas de bioseguridad para mejorar los hábitos higiénicos saludables para la prevención de las enfermedades intrahospitalarias.
AbstractIntroduction: Biosecurity standards act as a protective factor against hospital infections by counteracting the exposure of biological risks caused by infectious agents that are present in health centers. Objective: determine the knowledge of the parents or guardian of biosecurity measures in the pediatric health area. Method: non-experimental, descriptive, cross-sectional research, aimed at 60 parents or guardian who accompanied hospitalized patients in the pediatric area. Results: It was evidenced that the parents or guardians have 88.3% of inadequate knowledge about biosecurity measures in the pediatrics area, 90% of the health and nursing professionals in the pediatrics area do not carry out a process educational biosecurity rules for parents, 58.3% of parents rarely wash their hands during the hospitalization of their children, 66% of the parents do not use the antiseptic gel, 83.3% of the parents very rarely wash their hands after leaving the pediatric area, 73.3% of the parents do not classify the waste in their respective garbage dump. Conclusions: Health personnel should provide relevant information on biosecurity measures to improve healthy hygiene habits for the prevention of in-hospital diseases.Autor
Concentraciones Séricas de la Enzima Acetilcolinesterasa en Agricultores Expuestos a Organofosforados.
Authors: Anchatipán-Escobar Juan , Vailati Juan Pablo , Viteri-Robayo Carmen
Published: September 2021

Introducción: los casos de intoxicación por plaguicidas son una causa importante de morbilidad y mortalidad a nivel mundial, cada año 3 millones de personas se envenenan por plaguicidas, en Ecuador, en el 2011, el 49,2 % del total de intoxicados fue por plaguicidas. El objetivo: determinar las concentraciones séricas de la acetílcolisterasa y perfil hepático en de agricultores expuestos a organofosforados del Cantón Píllaro. Método: se trata de un estudio no experimental, en el que se determinó la concentración sérica de la enzima acetilcolinesterasa en 40 agricultores, expuestos a organofosforado; así como la determinación de alteraciones en su función hepática, mediante la medición de la concentración de las enzimas TGO, TGP, bilirrubina y fosfatasa alcalina. Conclusiones: Se observa intoxicación aguda en el 17,5% de la población, con respecto a la hepatotoxicidad no se evidenció ninguna alteración en la función hepática, ya que los niveles de las enzima hepática (TGO y TGP) se encontraron dentro de los rangos normales, con respecto al tiempo de exposición se pudo observar que los 7 agricultores afectados, presentaron un tiempo de exposición entre 11 a 30 años, así mismo se evidenció que los más afectados eran aquellos que no utilizaron ningún equipo de protección
 
 Abstract
Introduction: cases of pesticide poisoning are an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, every year 3 million people are poisoned by pesticides, in Ecuador, in 2011, 49.2% of the total poisoned was by pesticides. Objective: to determine the serum complications of acetylcholisterase and liver profile in farmers affected by organophosphates in the Píllaro canton. Method: it is a non-experimental study, in which the serum concentration of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase was determined in 40 farms, an organophosphate was reduced; as well as the determination of alterations in their liver function, by measuring the concentration of GOT/GPT, bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase enzymes. Conclusions: If you observe acute intoxication in 17.5% of the population, with respect to hepatotoxicity, no alteration in liver function is evident, since liver enzyme levels (GOT/GPT) are within the ranges normal, with respect to the time of exposure it was observed that the 7 affected farmers, the exposure to an exposure time between 11 to 30 years, as well as evidence of the most affected were those who did not use any protective equipment
BÚSQUEDA DE LA AUTONOMÍA DE ENFERMERÍA DESDE LA MIRADA DE VIRGINIA HENDERSON.
Authors: Pastuña Doicela Rosa , Jara Concha Patricia
Published: September 2021

La disciplina Enfermería ha experimentado importantes transformaciones ideológicas y científicas, a través de aporte de numerosas e ilustres teóricas con sus filosofías y modelos, las mismas que han otorgado un sustento al quehacer profesional y a la vez han propiciado el ejercicio de la autonomía de enfermería, mediante la construcción de una base sólida de conocimientos por medio de la investigación científica que guíe la práctica y permita la excelencia en el cuidado. Virginia Henderson construyó un modelo de ejercicio profesional autónomo que al mismo tiempo se dirige a la obtención de independencia para el cuidado de la salud de las personas y familias, que se extrapolan a la situación actual de la enfermería que a pesar de los esfuerzos para conseguir una práctica autónoma e independiente aún sigue dependiendo de contextos históricos, políticos y sociales, los cuales han ocasionado barreras que limitan el desarrollo profesional.
La enfermería ha tenido una trayectoria histórica que evidencia grandes esfuerzos en la construcción de una profesión autónoma e independiente, actualmente aún es desafiada en la aplicación de un marco teórico que guíe su práctica, en la expansión la producción científica de enfermería y la aplicación de juicios clínicos a través de la investigación científica.
Palabras Clave: Autonomía profesional; autodeterminación, enfermería, Educación en Enfermería.
ABSTRACT
The nursing discipline has undergone important ideological and scientific transformations, through the contribution of numbers and illustrious theorists with their philosophies and models, who have supported the professional work and at the same time have promoted the exercise of the autonomy of nursing, through the building a solid base of knowledge in care through scientific research that guides practice and enables excellence in. Virginia Henderson built an autonomous professional practice model that at the same time seeks to obtain independence for the health care of individuals and families, which are extrapolated to the current situation of nursing that, despite efforts to achieve a autonomous and independent practice still dependent on historical contexts,
Nursing has had a historical trajectory that shows great efforts in the construction of an autonomous and independent profession, at present it is still challenged in the application of a theoretical framework that guides its practice, in the expansion of the scientific production of nursing and the application of clinical trials. through scientific research.
 Keywords: Professional autonomy; self-determination, nursing, Nursing Education.
Gemstone Names from the Wörter und Sachen Perspective: On the Origin of Russian Orlets ‘Rhodonite’
Authors: Berezovich Elena
Published: September 2021

The article considers the history of the word orlets, one of the names of rhodonite (located mainly in the Middle Urals). The author traces the changes in the semantics of this word from its first mention in Russian lexicography at the end of the 18th century to the present day, when it gained the status of obsolescence. Specifically, the author demonstrates that the meaning of ‘rhodonite’ was assigned to it only by the end of the 19th century. The paper presents and comments on the existing hypotheses of the origin of the name orlets: the widespread but scientifically untenable myth that eagles carry this stone to their nests; the idea that rhodonite is the preeminent stone (as the eagle is considered “the king of birds”) because of its beauty and value, and others. As the author demonstrates, the word orel — ‘eagle’ — is the actual generating stem for the name under discussion, but the motivation is revealed only based on a wide cultural and linguistic context. For its reconstruction, both linguistic semantic and motivational parallels — as well as extra-linguistic facts from the field of folklore and folk beliefs — are involved, confirming the stability of the symbolic links between “eagle” and “stone.” It is also important that stones, in this language, are additionally associated with images of other birds (cf., for example, the Russian lastochkin kamen’ “swallow stone”, the German Storchstein “stork stone”): the evidence presented in the article shows that these links can claim the status of a cultural universal. To demonstrate the occurrence of orlets in a number of names of stones derived from names of birds, the author superimposes the possible signs listed in the work, for which the stones received “bird” names, onto the properties of the stone that was originally presumably named orlets. The article contains extensive background information of a cultural and historical nature, as well as rich data from the field of Geology and Mineralogy, which are necessary for the verification of linguistic constructions.
A Review of Jeff Sahadeo, Voices from the Soviet Edge: Southern Migrants in Leningrad and Moscow. Ithaca; London: Cornell University Press, 2019, 273 рр.
Authors: Golubev Alexey
Published: September 2021

The new book by the Canadian scholar Jeff Sahadeo is a historical anthropology of the migration from the southern regions of the USSR to Moscow and Leningrad during late socialism. Based on a large collection of oral history interviews with former migrants as well as on archival and newspaper sources, this book compares the historical experience of migration in the USSR with similar processes in North America and Western Europe. The migrant stories presented in the book reveal the complexity of the late-Soviet historical experience that can hardly be reduced to the concept of “stagnation.”
A Review of Hana Horáková, Andrea Boscoboinik, Robin Smith (eds.), Utopia and Neoliberalism: Ethnographies of Rural Spaces. Berlin: Lit-Verlag, 2018, 256 pр.
Authors: Savina Natalia
Published: September 2021

The reviewed collection of articles constitutes an intriguing attempt to understand the modern processes taking place in rural areas in terms of their relationship with utopian ideas and positions of neoliberalism. Using field materials from Central and Eastern Europe and China, researchers demonstrate a wide range of scenarios and practices related to imagining the rural world and rural lifestyles emerging in the context of globalization, industrialization, information technology development, and neoliberal politics. The similarity of the authors' methodological approaches and the general theoretical framework ensure the structural and substantive integrity of the collection, which allows the reader to engage in discussions about economic, social, cultural and other changes that are characteristic of most modern rural areas.
Ritual as а Subject of Religious Reflexivity in British Social Anthropology and Catholic Traditionalism
Authors: Khonineva Ekaterina
Published: September 2021

This article discusses how the Second Vatican Council (1962–1965) and the liturgical reform in the Catholic Church enhanced critical reflexivity on ritual semiotics and the boundaries of ritualism and anti-ritualism in British social anthropology (namely, in the works of Victor Turner and Mary Douglas) and in the protest movement of Catholic Traditionalism, and furnished the conditions for their discursive convergence. Since Turner and Douglas were Catholics, the similarities in the logic and rhetoric of academic and “folk” anthropology of ritual inevitably raise questions commonly labeled as the problem of belief, focusing on the risks and benefits of the anthropologist's religious commitments for ethnographic work. A close analysis of statements on liturgical reform by British anthropologists and Traditionalist Catholics shows that they share a common, Durkheimian view of ritual and social order; at the same time, intellectual and spiritual biographies of Turner and Douglas demonstrate that sometimes anthropology can influence anthropologists' belief as much as their belief influences their anthropology. These observations provide grounds for a revision of the problem of belief with a Protestant bias. The association of belief with the inner life and creeds is one of the many ways of conceptualizing the mediation of religious experience. In some cultures, such as traditional Catholicism, no lesser emphasis is placed on ritual performance. Thus, an exploration of the proximity of anthropological and Traditionalist “languages” of ritual description opens up prospects for a discussion of the place of attitudes toward ritual in anthropological epistemology and its historical roots.
A Review of J. V. Kormina, Palomniki: etnograficheskie ocherki pravoslavnogo nomadizma [Pilgrims: Ethnographic Sketches of Orthodox Nomadism]. Moscow: HSE Publishing House, 2019, 349 pp.
Authors: Aitamurto Kaarina
Published: September 2021

This book draws attention to Orthodox religiosity in contemporary Russia as a lived religion beyond church buildings and the Church as an institution. The study approaches the topic from an innovative theoretical frame of religious nomadism and analyses such phenomena as pilgrimages, sacred sites, saints, and the Orthodox fairs. The book collects some of the main findings and theoretical insight from Jeanne Kormina’s long experience in ethnographic fieldwork among Russian Orthodox Christians and is a welcome contribution to research on vernacular Orthodoxy in contemporary Russia.
Effectiveness of a custom-made natural tooth powder on oral hygiene status of children: A randomized controlled trial
Authors:   Professor and Head, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, KSR Institute of Dental Science and Research, Tiruchengode, Tamil Nadu, India, Asokan Sharath , Priya PR Geetha ,   Professor, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, KSR Institute of Dental Science and Research, Tiruchengode, Tamil Nadu, India, Viswanath Sudhandra ,   Post Graduate Student Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, KSR Institute of Dental Science and Research, Tiruchengode, Tamil Nadu, India, Kesavaraj B ,   Post Graduate Student Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, KSR Institute of Dental Science and Research, Tiruchengode, Tamil Nadu, India
Published: September 2021

Aim: To evaluate antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant properties of custom-made natural tooth powder and the effectiveness of custom-made natural tooth powder on the oral hygiene status of children. Methodology: Antibacterial and antifungal properties were determined by agar diffusion method against Streptococcus mutans, Candida albicans and antioxidant properties were determined by DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate) assay. Clinical trial included 60 children aged 8 to 11 years. Oral prophylaxis was done and after a washout period of 10 days, baseline Simplified Oral Hygiene index (OHI-S) scores, plaque scores and Streptococcus mutans colony counts were recorded. Children were randomly divided into two groups: Group I children brushed with custom-made natural tooth powder and Group II children used commercially available natural tooth powder twice daily. At the end of 30 days, post intervention data was collected and statistically analyzed. Results: In-vitro trial showed that the custom-made natural tooth powder exhibited both antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. Intragroup assessment of clinical trial showed significant reduction in the OHI-S [Group I (p=0.03), Group II (p=0.01)] plaque scores [Group I (p=0.05), Group II (p=0.006)] and Streptococcus colony counts [Group I (p=0.000), Group II (p=0.000)] in both the groups. But there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups. Conclusion: The newer custom-made natural tooth powder is effective in oral hygiene maintenance and can be a possible alternative to the commercially available natural tooth powder.
Comparative Clinical study on the therapeutic effect of Saraswatharista and Jaladhara in Nidranasha W.S.R. to Insomnia
Authors:   Ph.D. Scholar, Parul Institute of Ayurveda Vadodara Gujarat, India and Assistant Professor, Department of Kayachikitsa, S.S. Ayurvedic Medical College & Hospital, Haveri, Karnataka, Shiddanagouda KB , Roy KB ,   Professor, Department of Kayachikitsa, Parul institute of Ayurveda Vadodara, Gujarat, India
Published: September 2021

Nidra is considered as one among the Trayoupasthambha1 which is very essential to lead happy and healthy life. In present era because of stressful lifestyle many people suffering from one or the other psychosomatic illnesses, among that insomnia is the most common health problem which affects the functions of central nervous system and even other systems. Around 9% of general population are suffering from insomnia, around 28% of people suffering from initiation and maintenance of sleep. At present the medical management of insomnia includes different variety of benzodiazepines’ which causes various toxic effect and also drug dependency. For this one can find out the best remedies in Ayurvedic system of medicine, for the treatment of this disease. Saraswatharista2 is one of the best shamana medicine with Bramhi panchanga as main ingredient, having Rasayana effect as well as properties which can cure the diseases like Unmada, Mada, Apasmara as both Shareerika and Manasika vyadhi are inter-related6 . And Jaladhara is very safe, effective, readily available and cost effective without any side effect which mainly having aaswasahara4 and nidrajanana action hence, present clinical trial is planned to compare the therapeutic effect of Saraswatharista and Jaladhara in Nidranasha with special reference to Insomnia is undertaken.
Impact of Modern Technology on the Development of Natural-based Products
Authors:   International Islamic University Malaysia, Bandar Indera Mahkota, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia, Arifin Siti Fariza , AlShami AbdulKareem ,   International Islamic University Malaysia, Bandar Indera Mahkota, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia, Omar Sharifah Shakirah Syed ,   International Islamic University Malaysia, Bandar Indera Mahkota, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia, Jalil Azri Abd ,   International Islamic University Malaysia, Bandar Indera Mahkota, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia, Khalid Kamarul Ariffin ,   International Islamic University Malaysia, Bandar Indera Mahkota, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia, Hadi Hazrina ,   International Islamic University Malaysia, Bandar Indera Mahkota, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
Published: September 2021

Advanced drug delivery systems such as liposomes, niosomes, ethosomes and phytosomes significantly influence the quality of synthetic drug formulations. However, the trend is now shifting towards natural-based moieties, most probably because of their promising therapeutic responses, and considerably lower incidence of side effects and toxicity issues. The effectiveness of herbal plant formulations in nano-sized particles in the delivery of active compounds is increased since nanoparticles offer a larger surface area and promote longer contact time with the surfaces of the targeted sites. Thus, nanoparticles allow the sustained release of small amounts of active compounds and the optimization of the dosing frequency of the drug. The implementation of nanotechnology in the development of natural-based products is able to enhance the delivery of plant extracts and active phytochemicals to the targeted sites. In fact, maximum therapeutic outcomes can be achieved since the herbal formulations are more stable compared to traditional preparations. The development of herbal formulations in modern drug delivery systems will be further discussed in this review. The possible improvement of phytosomes is highlighted in order to give future insights into improvising phytosomes as a targeted drug carrier system. A compilation of evidence-based studies involving the nanotechnology of herbal formulations is summarized accordingly. The use of modern technology in herbal drug delivery systems has been growing in past decades and needs to be further explored by scientists. Hence, at the end of this review, a brief summary is given of a few success stories regarding modern nano formulations that have been commercialized by leading herbal companies and which can be considered as great achievements in this field. Thus, this review is aimed at exploring the use of nanotechnology in drug delivery systems and discusses their contribution to the design of modern herbal formulations.
IUCN status of important ethno botanical plants of Udyavara village (Udupi, Karnataka)
Authors:   Department of PG Studies in Dravyaguna, Sri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara College of Ayurveda, Udupi574118, Karnataka, India, Faisal Mohammed , Shrikanth P ,   Department of PG Studies in Dravyaguna, Sri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara College of Ayurveda, Udupi574118, Karnataka, India, Shetty Niveditha ,   Department of PG Studies in Dravyaguna, Sri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara College of Ayurveda, Udupi574118, Karnataka, India, Kumar KN Sunil ,   Department of PG Studies in Dravyaguna, Sri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara College of Ayurveda, Udupi574118, Karnataka, India
Published: September 2021

Introduction: 1/4th of all plant species in the world are at risk of being endangered or going extinct. The IUCN Red List is a critical indicator of the health of the world’s biodiversity. It provides information about range, population size, habitat and ecology, use or trade, threats, and conservation actions that will help inform necessary conservation decisions. Hence the study was conducted to explore the status of plants of Udyavara village in IUCN red list of endangered species. Method: The Plant identification was carried in certain areas of Udyavara village by survey method. Authentication done by referring standard flora and experienced taxonomist. The enlisted drugs were studied for its status in IUCN red list. Result: The endangered plant species were explored from 276 identified plants of Udyavara village. Among them 80 evaluated species were identified with its category of endangered red list. Conclusion: The plants encountered under endangered species available in Udyavara Village of Udupi District will guide the practitioner for its judicial use in medicine. Moreover, the conservation of such plant species is possible by further cultivation of the same.
Effect of Ark malahara in Vicharchika- A clinical study
Authors:   M.D.Scholar (RS&BK Dept), Uttarakhand Ayurved University, Rishikul Campus, Haridwar-249401, Uttarakhand, India, Purohit Suman , Shukla Shweta ,   Assistant Professor (Kayachikitsa), Uttarakhand Ayurved University, Rishikul Campus, Haridwar-249401, Uttarakhand, India, Sharma Khemchand ,   Professor & Head (RS&BK Dept), Uttarakhand Ayurved University, Rishikul Campus, Haridwar-249401, Uttarakhand, India
Published: September 2021

Vicharchika (Eczema) is a type of kshudrakustha characterized with symptoms, namely, kandu, Srava, Pidaka and Shyavata and Pidikotpatti. Vicharchika is often correlated to eczema based on the clinical presentations. No satisfactory treatment is available in contemporary medical practice. In Ayurveda variousformulations are mentioned for treatment of Vicharchika. In the present study a clinical trial was done using Ark Malahara in 15 patients of either sex in between the age of 20 to 70 years. Highly significant result is obtained in Kandu, while significant result was obtained in Daha, Srava, Pidika, Rukshta, Vaivarnya.
Tinospora cordifolia (Wild) Hook.f. (Thomas) grown in Sri Lanka: Pharmacognostical, physico- chemical and phytochemical analysis of the stem
Authors:   Department of Dravyaguna Vignana, Institute of Indigenous Medicine, University of Colombo, Sri Lanka, Dahanayake JM , Perera PK ,   Department of Dravyaguna Vignana, Institute of Indigenous Medicine, University of Colombo, Sri Lanka, Galappatty P ,   Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Sri Lanka, Fernando P ,   Research and Development Complex, Industrial Technology Institute, Malabe, Sri Lanka, Arawwawala LDAM ,   Research and Development Complex, Industrial Technology Institute, Malabe, Sri Lanka
Published: September 2021

Tinospora cordifolia (wild) Hook.f. (Thomas) is an important medicinal plant distributed throughout in Sri Lanka and commonly known as Rasakinda in Sinhala and Giloy in English. It is widely used in Sri Lankan traditional medical system and Ayurveda for the treatment of diabetes mellitus, fever, arthritis, skin diseases and for Rasayana (rejuvenating) therapies due to its anti-inflammatory, hypoglyceamic, immunomodulatory, antioxident, anti-allergy, antipyretic, antiarthritic and various other medicinal properties. Imported T. cordifolia stems and Sri Lankan grown T. cordifolia stems can be found in Sri Lankan herbal market. Moreover, different varieties of Tinospora species known as Tikthakinda, Bukinda and Gatakinda are available in the market under the name of Rasakinda which leads to adulteration. Hence, in this research an attempt was made to develop standards for genuine T. cordifolia grown in Sri Lanka. Stems of T. cordifolia evaluated for macroscopical, microscopical, physico-chemical, phytochemical constituents, TLC and HPTLC fingerprint patterns. Microscopical examinations of T. cordifolia stem exhibited the wheel shaped appearance at the transverse cut surface, which is a main characteristic feature of the family Menespermaceae. Stem also showed the mucilage cells and abundant starch granules. Percentages of total ash, water soluble ash and acid insoluble ash, were 9.1%+0.1, 2.31%+0.1, <0.1% respectively. Among the percentages of extractable matter of T. cordifolia, highest amount was shown in hot water extract (16.2 %+0.3). Heavy metals (Hg, As, Cd, Pb) were within the limits given in WHO guidelines. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of phenols, saponins, tannins, steroids, flavonoids, terpenoids and cardiac glycosides. TLC fingerprint of T. cordifolia was developed using butanol: ethyl acetate: acetic acid: water in a ratio of 5: 8: 6:2 v/v and compared with one of its marker compound, Berberine. The HPTLC fingerprint patt ern of T. cordifolia showed a spot bearing the same Rf value corresponds to Berberine, at wavelength 254 nm. In conclusion, the results obtained from this study can be used as a standard reference for Sri Lankan grown T. cordifolia stems.
Observational Case Studies on Effect of Phage-laden Ganga water on Dyspepsia and Diabetes Patients
Authors:   MD Medicine, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India, Shukla Ashutosh , Jhunjhunwala Bharat ,   Former Faculty, Indian Institute of Management, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
Published: September 2021

12 patients of dyspepsia and diabetes were administered phage-laden Ganga water orally. Of these, the results of 3 patients who took Ganga water in the two rounds continuously indicate substantial and sustained benefit.
Hepatoprotective activity of Cynodon dactylon leaf extract against rifampicin- induced liver damage in albino rats
Authors:   Department of Pharmacology, D.S.T.S. Mandal’s College of Pharmacy, Solapur, Maharashtra, India, Javalgikar Akshay , Mahurkar Nitin ,   Department of Pharmacology, H.K.E.S. Matoshree Taradevi Rampure Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kalaburagi, Karnataka, India, Keerthi Karri ,   Department of Pharmacology, H.K.E.S. Matoshree Taradevi Rampure Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kalaburagi, Karnataka, India
Published: September 2021

Liver plays an important role in maintaining the biological equilibrium of vertebrates. Liver diseases are a major worldwide health problem with high endemicity in developing countries. They are mainly caused by chemicals and some drugs when taken in very high doses. Despite advances in modern medicine, there is no effective drug available that stimulates liver function, offer protection to the liver from damage or help to regenerate hepatic cells. There is urgent need, therefore, for effective drugs to replace/supplement those in current use. The plant kingdom is undoubtedly valuable as a source of new medicinal agents. The main aim of any medication in the treatment of liver disorders is to prevent degeneration of hepatocytes and associated metabolic abnormalities and promote regeneration of hepatic cells. In present study the hepatoprotective activity of Cynodon dactylon extracts was evaluated in rifampicin induced liver toxicity by biochemical parameters like SGPT, SGOT, ALP, BIT and by histopathological study. Acute administration of rifampicin produced marked elevation of the serum levels of the above parameters compared to that of the control group. Treatment with ethanolic and aqueous extracts of Cynodon dactylon leaves at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg produces significant prevention in rifampicin induced rise of the above parameters. Silymarin at 100 mg/kg body weight significantly prevented such rise in study. The effect of Cynodon dactylon leaves extracts was found possess promising hepatoprotective activity. Further studies in other species and on other parameter would throw more light on this plant.
Short and Long term effects of Overeating (Atimatrashan) on health and well-being: A Conceptual Study
Authors:   M.D – Final Year (Student), Ayurveda Samhita and Siddhant Department, R.A.Podar Medical (Ayu) College, Mumbai, India, Chavan Unnati A. , Sabu Narayan R. ,   Head of Department (Guide), Ayurveda Samhita and Siddhant Department, R.A.Podar Medical (Ayu) College, Mumbai, India
Published: September 2021

Overeating is the excess food consumed in relation to the energy that an organism expends. Out of various eating disorders overeating from supersize meal portions is termed as Atimatrashan in Ayurveda. In Ayurveda great emphasis has been given on the ideal quantity i.e., ‘matra’ of Aahara which is customized according to individual appetite. While occasional overeating predisposes to various disorders manifested through impaired digestive function, Habitual overeating eventually leads to obesity. Obesity being a state of chronic inflammation predisposes to wide range of diseases including Metabolic syndrome and Cancer. In this context, this paper discusses the Ayurvedic concept of Tridosha Prakop (vitiation of all the three Doshas) with the resulting ailments and Aamvish which is said to be formed as a result of habitual overeating and is thought to be Vishsadrushya (highly toxic) and param asaadhyam (incurable).
Lepidium sativum: A potential functional food
Authors:   Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India, Shah Mamta B. , Dudhat Vinisha A. ,   Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India, Gadhvi Krupa V. ,   Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
Published: September 2021

Lepidium sativum Linn. (family Cruciferae) is an edible herb that is botanically related to watercress and mustard, having their peppery, tangy taste and odour. Traditionally L. sativum seeds are used to treat wounds, sprains, asthma, bronchitis, cough and is considered useful as abortifacient, aphrodisiac, antibacterial, diuretic, expectorant, gastrointestinal stimulant, gastroprotective, laxative and stomachic. Many of these traditional uses have been scientifically validated using different in vitro and in vivo studies and in this review are compiled in an inclusive manner. Seeds are reported to be rich in carbohydrates, vitamins, amino acids, proteins, triterpenoids, steroids and saponin glycosides possessing different pharmacological activities. Aim of the study: This study is an effort to collate complete scientific literature published till March 2021 in order to generate a succinct summation on the distribution, traditional beneficial potential, chemical constituents, phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology of this coveted species of genus Lepidium. Materials and Methods: Exploring assorted scientific databases. Results: The present methodically compiled review article accentuates medicinal and nutritional significance of this highly valued plant by focusing on various aspects of the plant such as the, physicochemical characterisation and pharmacological studies that validates folklore uses. Thus, this annotated script on L. sativum would be a handy tool to explore the future prospective of research on this traditional plant.
STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN PASAR SROWOLAN SEBAGAI DAYA TARIK WISATA DI KABUPATEN SLEMAN YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Lagalo Anggraeni M.S
Published: September 2021

Marketing plan yang di rancang dalam penelitian ini bertujuan sebagai pedoman stakeholder dalam menentukan langkah-langkah strategis program-program pengembangan pasar. Pasar tradisional merupakan tempat bertemunya penjual dan pembeli serta ditandai dengan adanya transaksi penjual pembeli secara langsung dan biasanya ada proses tawar-menawar, bangunan biasanya terdiri dari kios-kios atau gerai, los dan dasaran terbuka yang dibuka oleh penjual maupun suatu pengelola pasar. Kebanyakan menjual kebutuhan sehari-hari seperti bahan-bahan makanan berupa ikan, buah, sayur-sayuran, telur, daging, kain, pakaian barang elektronik, jasa dan lain-lain. Selain itu, ada pula yang menjual kue-kue dan barang-barang lainnya. Pasar seperti ini masih banyak ditemukan di Indonesia, dan umumnya terletak dekat kawasan perumahan agar memudahkan pembeli untuk mencapai pasar. Beberapa pasar tradisional yang "legendaris" antara lain adalah pasar Beringharjo di Yogyakarta, pasar Klewer di Solo, pasar Johar di Semarang, serta Pasar Srowolan yang memiliki nilai sejarah perjuangan pada masa penjajahan kolonial belanda.
Outcomes among critically ill adults with influenza infection
Authors: Aziza Eitan , Slemko Jocelyn , Zapernick Lori , Smith Stephanie W , Lee Nelson , Sligl Wendy I
Published: September 2021

Background: Influenza infection is a major cause of mortality in critical care units. Methods: Data on critically ill adult patients with influenza infection from 2014 to 2019 were retrospectively collected, including mortality and critical care resource utilization. Independent predictors of mortality were identified using Cox regression. Results: One hundred thirty patients with confirmed influenza infection had a mean age of 56 (SD 16) years; 72 (55%) were male. Mean Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE II) score was 22 (SD 9). One hundred eight (83%) patients had influenza A (46% H1N1pdm09, 33% H3N2); 21 (16%) had influenza B. Fifty-five (42%) patients had bacterial co-infection. Only 5 (4%) had fungal co-infection. One hundred eight (83%) patients required mechanical ventilation; 94 (72%), vasopressor support; 26 (20%), continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT); and 11 (9%), extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. One hundred twenty one (93%) patients received antiviral therapy (median 5 d). Thirty-day mortality was 23%. Patients who received antiviral treatment were more likely to survive with an adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) of 0.15 (95% CI 0.04 to 0.51, p = 0.003). Other independent predictors of mortality were the need for CRRT (aHR 2.48, 95% CI 1.14 to 5.43, p = 0.023), higher APACHE II score (aHR 1.08, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.14, p = 0.011), and influenza A (aHR 7.10, 95% CI 1.37 to 36.8, p = 0.020) compared with influenza B infection. Conclusions: Among critically ill influenza patients, antiviral therapy was independently associated with survival. CRRT, higher severity of illness, and influenza A infection were associated with mortality.
From Agent to Witness: Reading Stanley Hauerwas in the Korean Context
Authors: Kim Heejun
Published: September 2021

[Figure: see text]

I seek to introduce Stanley Hauerwas’s understanding of the church as a communal agent, in order to strengthen Angella Son’s concept of the Christian as an agent of joy. After briefly demonstrating the shortcomings inherent in Son’s concept of an agent of joy, which is based on Karl Barth’s theological anthropology, I show that Son’s notion of agency lacks the sense that it is the community that bears the stories of God in Christ. Individual Christians are called through and to the church, where the distinctive character and story of God, as revealed in Christ, are embodied through the life of both church and Christians.