bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
El sueño de una educación inclusiva para todas y todos : una mirada al Decreto 1421 de 2017 y los retos que nos deja en su quinto año de implementación
Authors: Aguilar Cubillos María Yolanda , Marulanda Páez Elena , Florido Mosquera Hugo Edilberto , Martínez Aguilera Natalia , Niño Claudia , Salcedo Acevedo Orlando
Published: September 2023

Esperamos que el libro resulte novedoso, permita vencer miedos y temores, ofrezca información relevante y pertinente para el ejercicio pedagógico y, sobre todo, toque las emociones y las historias de vida de todos nuestros lectores. Ojalá sea fuente de múltiples cuestionamientos y le ofrezca a los docentes herramientas para innovar en sus aulas, con la seguridad de que todos sus estudiantes se verán beneficiados de todos los cambios que impulsen, por pequeños que sean o por tiempo que tomen. Nada más estimulante para un aprendiz que sentirse valorado y reconocido por sus maestras y maestros, con posibilidades reales y cotidianas de ejercer su presencia y dar rienda guiada, no suelta, a sus múltiples diversidades. Sin más demoras, comencemos el camino.
The Effect of Ignition Procedure on Flashback of Hydrogen-Enriched Flames
Authors: Yahou Tarik , Schuller Thierry , Dawson James R.
Published: September 2023

The impact of different ignition sequences on the ignition dynamics of CH4-H2 flames in a bluff body burner is investigated at atmospheric conditions. Experiments are performed over a wide range of operating conditions covering pure methane injection (PH0) to pure hydrogen injection (PH100). A perforated plate of total porosity σ=0.17 is positioned at the outlet of the combustion chamber to increase the chamber back pressure and trigger transient flashback during ignition. Time-series of pressure, OH* chemiluminescence and OH-PLIF images of the propagating flame branch are recorded simultaneously to characterize the ignition process. Two ignition procedures are investigated. For ignition procedure A, designated as an early ignition procedure, the spark is initiated before fuel injection. For ignition procedure B, designated as a late ignition, the spark is only activated after the fuel injection. The impact of the fuel air mixing on the final stabilization state is investigated by changing the fuel delivery time (dt) before the initial spark. Three different time delays are considered dt = 1, 3, and 5 s. The final state of the flame is found to be highly sensitive to the selected ignition procedure and increasing dt favors the occurrence of flashback. At constant power, the magnitude of the pressure peak is driven by a competition between the fuel mass flowrate at the moment of ignition and the high reactivity of hydrogen, which shifts the flammability limit toward lower equivalence ratios, hence generating a lower reaction rate. For procedure A, the peak of the chamber over pressure shows a nonmonotonic growth for increasing levels of H2 in the fuel blend, while it linearly increases for procedure B. Experiments are then conducted at a fixed injection flow velocity Ub = 5 m s–1 and fixed laminar burning velocity Sl0=0.25 m s–1 by varying the level of hydrogen enrichment. For procedure A, the over pressure amplitude decreases with increasing the hydrogen enrichment leading to a soft ignition for all CH4-H2 blends. Under ignition procedure B, the amplitude of the over pressure reached during ignition is found to be relatively unaffected by the hydrogen concentration, but the flame stabilization mode shows a strong dependence to both the level of H2-enrichment and fuel delivery time dt. OH* as well as OH-PLIF images reveal that the trajectory of the flame leading point changes as dt increases. The different dynamics of the flame leading points is likely to be the cause the different types of stabilization modes observed.
3D Printed Gyroid Elastomer and Silicone Composite for Controlled Anisotropy Simulating Human Tissue
Authors: Li Yu M. , Chen Po-Han , Paracuellos Raphaelle , Morris Karcher , Makale Milan , Mayadev Jyoti , Talke Frank E.
Published: September 2023

This paper proposes a novel design approach for a composite emulating the strain hardening and anisotropic mechanical characteristics of normal and abnormal vaginal tissue. The realized composite consisted of a soft elastomeric silicone matrix integrated with a thermoplastic polyurethane 3D scaffold. The strain-hardening effect of vaginal tissue was attained by altering the scaffold’s gyroid structure. As the composite deformed, the mechanical response changed from silicone-dominated to polyurethane-dominated. The anisotropic properties of the composite were created by introducing anisotropy in the gyroid structure to replicate the effects of various collagen fiber orientations in vaginal tissue. Changes in mechanical behavior were quantified using uniaxial tensile testing. Three types of distorted gyroids were examined, x-axis lengthened, y-axis lengthened, and x and y-axis lengthened unit cells.
Modal Analysis and Static Structure Analysis for 3-Axis Cartesian Robot Used in Injection Molding Machine
Authors: Fan Chen-Wei , Tu Tse-Yi , Chen Chih-We
Published: September 2023

This study implemented the experimental and theoretical modal analysis of the cartesian robot used in injection molding machines. The experimental modal analysis was calculated with CADA PC, and the theoretical modal analysis was studied based on the finite element method with COMSOL. To verify the rigidity strength and modal shape of the original structural design of its 3-axis cartesian robot. At the same time, build a finite element model of the robot which is validated using the modal parameters of experimental analysis. Structural diagnosis based on modes shape and resonance vibration results was carried out; structural design would be improved and the feasibility of replacing new materials would be assessed. Under the same load, the robotic arm could be lightened, or the load intensity could be increased, which can achieve the advantages of low power consumption, small size, and increased loading volume.
Ultrasonography as a diagnostic tool for posteromedial corner pathologies: a pictorial essay
Authors: Poboży Tomasz , Konarski Wojciech , Poboży Kamil , Domańska Julia
Published: September 2023

The posteromedial corner (PMC) is a common location for knee joint pain, and accurate diagnosis is essential for appropriate treatment. The frequent causes of pain in the PMC include pathologies of the posterior part of the medial meniscus, damage to articular cartilage, popliteal cysts and the semimembranosus tendinopathy.Currently, magnetic resonance imaging is the gold standard for assessing knee joint disorders, but its availability and cost can limit its use in some cases. In this pictorial essay, we presented the use of ultrasonography as an alternative method for assessing PMC.We present a series of images to demonstrate the value of ultrasonography and describe the methods used for assessing PMC with a particular focus on semimembranosus tendinopathy
A gauge field theory of coherent matter waves
Authors: Anderson Dana Z. , Krzyzanowska Katarzyna
Published: September 2023

A gauge field treatment of a current oscillating at frequency ν of interacting neutral atoms leads to a set of matter-wave duals to Maxwell's equations for the electromagnetic field. In contrast to electromagnetics, the velocity of propagation has a lower limit rather than upper limit, and the wave impedance of otherwise free space is negative real-valued rather than 377 Ω. Quantization of the field leads to the matteron, the gauge boson dual to the photon. Unlike the photon, the matteron is bound to an atom and carries negative rather than positive energy, causing the source of the current to undergo cooling. Eigenstates of the combined matter and gauge field annihilation operator define the coherent state of the matter-wave field, which exhibits classical coherence in the limit of large excitation.
Interplay between male quality and male-female compatibility across episodes of sexual selection
Authors: Mahdjoub Hayat , Khelifa Rassim , Roy Jeannine , Sbilordo Sonja H. , Zeender Valérian , Perdigón Ferreira Jhoniel , Gourgoulianni Natalia , Lüpold Stefan
Published: September 2023

The processes underlying mate choice profoundly influence the dynamics of sexual selection and the evolution of male sexual traits. Consistent preference for certain phenotypes may erode genetic variation in populations through directional selection, whereas divergent preferences (e.g., genetically compatible mates) provide one mechanism to maintain such variation. However, the relative contributions of these processes across episodes of selection remain unknown. Using
Drosophila melanogaster
, we followed the fate of male genotypes, previously scored for their overall reproductive value and their compatibility with different female genotypes, across pre- and postmating episodes of selection. When pairs of competitor males differed in their intrinsic quality and their compatibility with the female, both factors influenced outcomes from mating success to paternity but to a varying degree between stages. These results add further dimensions to our understanding of how the interactions between genotypes and forms of selection shape reproductive outcomes and ultimately reproductive trait evolution.
HAVOC: Small-scale histomic mapping of cancer biodiversity across large tissue distances using deep neural networks
Authors: Dent Anglin , Faust Kevin , Lam K. H. Brian , Alhangari Narges , Leon Alberto J. , Tsang Queenie , Kamil Zaid Saeed , Gao Andrew , Pal Prodipto , Lheureux Stephanie , Oza Amit , Diamandis Phedias
Published: September 2023

Intratumoral heterogeneity can wreak havoc on current precision medicine strategies because of challenges in sufficient sampling of geographically separated areas of biodiversity distributed across centimeter-scale tumor distances. To address this gap, we developed a deep learning pipeline that leverages histomorphologic fingerprints of tissue to create “Histomic Atlases of Variation Of Cancers” (HAVOC). Using a number of objective molecular readouts, we demonstrate that HAVOC can define regional cancer boundaries with distinct biology. Using larger tumor specimens, we show that HAVOC can map biodiversity even across multiple tissue sections. By guiding profiling of 19 partitions across six high-grade gliomas, HAVOC revealed that distinct differentiation states can often coexist and be regionally distributed within these tumors. Last, to highlight generalizability, we benchmark HAVOC on additional tumor types. Together, we establish HAVOC as a versatile tool to generate small-scale maps of tissue heterogeneity and guide regional deployment of molecular resources to relevant biodiverse niches.
Epigenetic dynamics during capacitation of naïve human pluripotent stem cells
Authors: Agostinho de Sousa João , Wong Chee-Wai , Dunkel Ilona , Owens Thomas , Voigt Philipp , Hodgson Adam , Baker Duncan , Schulz Edda G. , Reik Wolf , Smith Austin , Rostovskaya Maria , von Meyenn Ferdinand
Published: September 2023

Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) are of fundamental relevance in regenerative medicine. Naïve hPSCs hold promise to overcome some of the limitations of conventional (primed) hPSCs, including recurrent epigenetic anomalies. Naïve-to-primed transition (capacitation) follows transcriptional dynamics of human embryonic epiblast and is necessary for somatic differentiation from naïve hPSCs. We found that capacitated hPSCs are transcriptionally closer to postimplantation epiblast than conventional hPSCs. This prompted us to comprehensively study epigenetic and related transcriptional changes during capacitation. Our results show that CpG islands, gene regulatory elements, and retrotransposons are hotspots of epigenetic dynamics during capacitation and indicate possible distinct roles of specific epigenetic modifications in gene expression control between naïve and primed hPSCs. Unexpectedly, PRC2 activity appeared to be dispensable for the capacitation. We find that capacitated hPSCs acquire an epigenetic state similar to conventional hPSCs. Significantly, however, the X chromosome erosion frequently observed in conventional female hPSCs is reversed by resetting and subsequent capacitation.
Parallel perception of visual motion using light-tunable memory matrix
Authors: Pan Xuan , Shi Jingwen , Wang Pengfei , Wang Shuang , Pan Chen , Yu Wentao , Cheng Bin , Liang Shi-Jun , Miao Feng
Published: September 2023

Parallel perception of visual motion is of crucial significance to the development of an intelligent machine vision system. However, implementing in-sensor parallel visual motion perception using conventional complementary metal-oxide semiconductor technology is challenging, because the temporal and spatial information embedded in motion cannot be simultaneously encoded and perceived at the sensory level. Here, we demonstrate the parallel perception of diverse motion modes at the sensor level by exploiting light-tunable memory matrix in a van der Waals (vdW) heterostructure array. The optoelectronic characteristics of gate-tunable photoconductivity and light-tunable memory matrix enable devices in the array to realize simultaneous encoding and processing of incoming spatiotemporal light pattern. Furthermore, we implement a visual motion perceptron with the array capable of deciphering multiple motion parameters in parallel, including direction, velocity, acceleration, and angular velocity. Our work opens up a promising venue for the realization of an intelligent machine vision system based on in-sensor motion perception.
Answer to the Photo Quiz: Bacteremia caused by an “uncultivable” curved Gram-negative rod
Authors: Penven Malo , Petsaris Odile , Piau Caroline , Bossart Claire , Nivet Thomas , Guérin François , Cattoir Vincent
Published: September 2023

Read the full article for the answer.
Near-complete genome sequence of human astrovirus recovered from a child with acute flaccid paralysis in Guinea, 2021
Authors: Kèbè Ousmane , Thiaw Fatou Diène , Ndiaye Ndack , Landoh Dadja Essoya , Cissé Gassim , Faye Ousmane , Faye Martin
Published: September 2023

Astroviruses are common causes of gastroenteritis in humans and other animals. Herein, we reported a near-complete human astrovirus (HAstV) sequence detected in a child with acute flaccid paralysis. The sample was collected in Guinea in January 2021. Phylogenetic analyses indicated that this virus belonged to the HAstV-1 genotype.
Draft genome sequences of a historical collection of
Listeria monocytogenes
from humans and other sources, 1926–1964
Authors: Brown Phillip , Murray Robert G. E. , Galsworthy Sara , Ivanova Mirena , Leekitcharoenphon Pimlapas , Ward Todd , Kucerova Zuzana , Chen Yi , Elhanafi Driss , Siletzky Robin , Kathariou Sophia
Published: September 2023

Listeria monocytogenes
can persistently contaminate food processing environments and tolerate sanitizers. Most sequenced strains are from clinical and environmental sources in the contemporary era, with relatively few prior to extensive food processing and sanitizer use. We report the genome sequences of a diverse panel of 83 strains from 1926 to 1964.
Deep mutational scanning of influenza A virus neuraminidase facilitates the identification of drug resistance mutations
in vivo
Authors: Wang Sihan , Zhang Tian-hao , Hu Menglong , Tang Kejun , Sheng Li , Hong Mengying , Chen Dongdong , Chen Liubo , Shi Yuan , Feng Jun , Qian Jing , Sun Lifeng , Ding Kefeng , Sun Ren , Du Yushen
Published: September 2023

Neuraminidase (NA) is a pivotal surface enzyme and a key therapeutic target in combating the influenza A virus. Its evolution can lead to potential zoonotic transmission, seasonal epidemics, and the emergence of drug-resistant mutants. To gain comprehensive insights into the mutational effects and drug resistance profiles of NA, we employed a high-throughput profiling system to quantify the replication capacity of NA mutants at the single-nucleotide level in mouse lung tissues. The fitness of NA mutants is generally correlated with natural mutation occurrence and is constrained by both the requirement to maintain protein stability and NA function. Leveraging this system, we profiled the drug resistance to the three most commonly used neuraminidase inhibitors (NAIs): zanamivir, oseltamivir, and peramivir. In addition to identifying previously reported drug resistance mutations, we validated novel mutants. Notably, we identified an allosteric mutation that confers resistance to all three drugs, which may affect drug binding by interfering with the tetramerization of NA. Moreover, the fitness cost associated with drug-resistant mutations may limit their widespread dissemination. In summary, we provided a parallel characterization of NA’s fitness and drug resistance landscape in an
in vivo
context, which may guide the rational selection of antiviral drugs for optimal therapeutic efficacy and second-generation NAI development.

IMPORTANCE

NA is a crucial surface antigen and drug target of influenza A virus. A comprehensive understanding of NA’s mutational effect and drug resistance profiles
in vivo
is essential for comprehending the evolutionary constraints and making informed choices regarding drug selection to combat resistance in clinical settings. In the current study, we established an efficient deep mutational screening system in mouse lung tissues and systematically evaluated the fitness effect and drug resistance to three neuraminidase inhibitors of NA single-nucleotide mutations. The fitness of NA mutants is generally correlated with a natural mutation in the database. The fitness of NA mutants is influenced by biophysical factors such as protein stability, complex formation, and the immune response triggered by viral infection. In addition to confirming previously reported drug-resistant mutations, novel mutations were identified. Interestingly, we identified an allosteric drug-resistance mutation that is not located within the drug-binding pocket but potentially affects drug binding by interfering with NA tetramerization. The dual assessments performed in this study provide a more accurate assessment of the evolutionary potential of drug-resistant mutations and offer guidance for the rational selection of antiviral drugs.
A description of the genus
Denitromonas
nom. rev.:
Denitromonas iodatirespirans
sp. nov., a novel iodate-reducing bacterium, and two novel perchlorate-reducing bacteria,
Denitromonas halophila
and
Denitromonas ohlonensis
, isolated from San Francisco Bay intertidal mudflats
Authors: Reyes-Umana Victor M. , Coates John D.
Published: September 2023

The genus
Denitromonas
is currently a non-validated taxon that has been identified in several recent publications as members of microbial communities arising from marine environments. Very little is known about the biology of
Denitromonas
spp., and no pure cultures are presently found in any culture collections. The current epitaph of
Denitromonas
was given to the organism under the assumption that all members of this genus are denitrifying bacteria. This study performs phenotypic and genomic analyses on three new
Denitromonas
spp. isolated from tidal mudflats in the San Francisco Bay. We demonstrate that
Denitromonas
spp. are indeed all facultative denitrifying bacteria that utilize a variety of carbon sources such as acetate, lactate, and succinate. In addition, individual strains also use the esoteric electron acceptors perchlorate, chlorate, and iodate. Both 16S and Rps/Rpl phylogenetic analyses place
Denitromonas
spp. as a deep branching clade in the family
Zoogloeaceae
, separate from either
Thauera
spp.,
Azoarcus
spp., or
Aromatoleum
spp. Genome sequencing reveals a G + C content ranging from 63.72% to 66.54%, and genome sizes range between 4.39 and 5.18 Mb. Genes for salt tolerance and denitrification are distinguishing features that separate
Denitromonas
spp. from the closely related
Azoarcus
and
Aromatoleum
genera.

IMPORTANCE

The genus
Denitromonas
is currently a non-validated taxon that has been identified in several recent publications as members of microbial communities arising from marine environments. Very little is known about the biology of
Denitromonas
spp., and no pure cultures are presently found in any culture collections. The current epitaph of
Denitromonas
was given to the organism under the assumption that all members of this genus are denitrifying bacteria. This study performs phenotypic and genomic analyses on three
Denitromonas
spp.,
Denitromonas iodatirespirans
sp. nov.—a novel iodate-reducing bacterium—and two novel perchlorate-reducing bacteria,
Denitromonas halophila
and
Denitromonas ohlonensis
, isolated from San Francisco Bay intertidal mudflats.
Lessons from the development process of the Afghanistan integrated package of essential health services
Authors: Saeedzai Sayed Ataullah , Blanchet Karl , Alwan Ala , Safi Najibullah , Salehi Ahmad , Singh Neha S , Abou Jaoude Gerard Joseph , Mirzazada Shafiq , Majrooh Wahid , Jan Naeem Ahmad , Skordis-Worral Jolene , Bhutta Zulfiqar A , Haghparast-Bidgoli Hassan , Farewar Fahrad , Lange Isabelle , Newbrander William , Kakuma Ritsuko , Reynolds Teri , Feroz Ferozuddin
Published: September 2023

In 2017, in the middle of the armed conflict with the Taliban, the Ministry of Public Health decided that the Afghan health system needed a well-defined priority package of health services taking into account the increasing burden of non-communicable diseases and injuries and benefiting from the latest evidence published by DCP3. This leads to a 2-year process involving data analysis, modelling and national consultations, which produce this Integrated Package of Essential health Services (IPEHS). The IPEHS was finalised just before the takeover by the Taliban and could not be implemented. The Afghanistan experience has highlighted the need to address not only the content of a more comprehensive benefit package, but also its implementation and financing. The IPEHS could be used as a basis to help professionals and the new authorities to define their priorities.
Height Sensitive Multi-UAV Deployment Scheme in Edge Data Acquisition System
Authors: Liu Yichuan , Tu Jinbin , Wang Yun
Published: September 2023

In data acquisition scenario of edge computing, the optimization of UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) deployment is of great significance for making use of resources of UAV. We establish an optimization model of UAV cluster deployment in the edge data acquisition system. The model takes the height of UAV as the solving variable, which is more in line with the realistic characteristics. DEVIPSK-SA-FWA is proposed according to the characteristics of this model. The algorithm uses a novel coding mechanism, and uses K-Means to accelerate the convergence process of the algorithm. A variety of differential evolution mutation operators are used to form a self-adaptive strategy pool mechanism to carry out variable scale variation of population, which complete the global search well. Then fireworks algorithm searches the population locally after each round of global search. In our algorithm, global search and local search are well balanced and local optimal is effectively escaped. Finally, experimental results indicate that DEVIPSK-SA-FWA is capable of solving the model with good results, and the superiority of DEVIPSK-SA-FWA is verified through the Wilcoxon rank sum test method. In the best case, the proposed algorithm reduces energy consumption of edge data acquisition system by 32.87[Formula: see text].
Experimental and Theoretical Analysis of Bispectrum Characteristics of Phase Coupled Signals
Authors: Wu Wenbing , Yuan Xiaojian
Published: September 2023

Fourier transform points out that a certain function that meets certain conditions can be decomposed into a linear combination of trigonometric functions (sine or cosine functions). The functions of high-order cumulant include suppressing the Gaussian noise, eliminating independent signal components, and identifying the phase coupling phenomenon of the signal. To prove this hypothesis, this study constructs a cosine signal with the phase coupling phenomenon based on Fourier transform theory which substitutes it into the third-order cumulant expression and performs detailed reasoning. The constructed signal is extended to the complex signal domain and the same conclusion is obtained. The number of coupled signals is expanded from three to a higher value. The results of the study give definite mathematical and physical meaning to the bispectral peaks. The collected mechanical vibration signals are given to demonstrate this conclusion. The demonstrated characteristics of high-order cumulants have made them widely used in many fields.
Stability investigations of isotropic and anisotropic exponential inflation in the Starobinsky–Bel–Robinson gravity
Authors: Do Tuan Q. , Nguyen Duy H. , Pham Tuyen M.
Published: September 2023

In this paper, we would like to examine whether a novel Starobinsky–Bel–Robinson (SBR) gravity model admits stable exponential inflationary solutions with or without spatial anisotropies. As a result, we are able to derive an exact de Sitter inflationary to this SBR model. Furthermore, we observe that an exact Bianchi type I inflationary solution does not exist in the SBR model. However, we find that a modified SBR model, in which the sign of coefficient of [Formula: see text] term is flipped from positive to negative, can admit the corresponding Bianchi type I inflationary solution. Unfortunately, stability analysis using the dynamical system approach indicates that both of these inflationary solutions turn out to be unstable. Interestingly, we show that a stable de Sitter inflationary solution can be obtained in the modified SBR gravity.
Shadows and photon rings of a spherically accreting Kehagias–Sfetsos black hole
Authors: Heydari-Fard Mohaddese , Heydari-Fard Malihe , Riazi Nematollah
Published: September 2023

By considering Kehagias–Sfetsos black hole in the framework of the Hořava–Lifshitz gravity, we study the optical appearance of such black holes surrounded by spherical accretion flow. For the static/ infalling spherical accretion flow, we compute the observed specific intensity as a function of impact parameter. We also investigate the effect of the Hořava parameter and accreting matter on the luminosity of shadows and photon rings. It is found that an increase in the Hořava parameter decreases the shadow size, while the shadows and photon rings luminosities increase. Moreover, we constrain the Hořava parameter from the observational data reported by the Event Horizon Telescope for M87* and Sgr A*.
Co-patenting and the Technological Value of Patent Applications: The Case of Siemens
Authors: Ervits Irina
Published: September 2023

Does international R&D collaboration produce patents of higher technological value? Applied to the case of Siemens, this paper utilizes the Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) and Google Patents statistics to identify patterns within invention and co-invention. For example, sole patenting by headquarters or subsidiaries is juxtaposed with co-invented patent filings, vertical versus horizontal co-patented applications and internal versus external. The paper compares the effect of different forms of co-invention on the technological value of patent filings, proxied by forward external citations. The results are based on 2013 and 2019 Siemens PCT data and confirm the positive effect of international co-invention, vis-à-vis sole patenting, on the technological value of patents. Patent applications co-invented by foreign subsidiaries, or vertically collaborated applications, create higher technological value, while headquarters or single subsidiaries generate fewer forward citations. Moreover, co-patenting by subsidiaries with external partners creates higher technological value than sole patenting by headquarters. Siemens has recognized the value of partnerships with outside inventors and leveraged these relationships in order to generate higher technological value. We contribute by building a unique and detailed classification of co-patenting patterns, and the paper develops a strong case for cross-country co-patenting, especially with external partners. From a managerial perspective, international co-patenting involving external partners has strategic value and must be fostered.
Spatially homogeneous teleparallel spacetimes with four-dimensional groups of motions
Authors: Hohmann Manuel
Published: September 2023

In this paper, we study metric teleparallel geometries, which can either be defined through a Lorentzian metric and flat, metric-compatible affine connection, or a tetrad and a flat Lorentz spin connection, which are invariant under the transitive action of a four-dimensional Lie group on their spatial equal-time hypersurfaces. There are three such group actions, and their corresponding spatial hypersurfaces belong to the Bianchi types II, III and IX, respectively. For each of these three symmetry groups, we determine the most general teleparallel geometry, and find that it is parametrized by six functions of time, one of which can be eliminated by the choice of the time coordinate. We further show that these geometries are unique up to global Lorentz transformations, coordinate transformations and changes of the choice of the parameter functions.
On the geometry and dynamics of relativistic particles in generalized Robertson–Walker spacetimes
Authors: Herrera Jónatan , de la Rosa Martín , Rubio Rafael M.
Published: September 2023

In this work, we consider geometrical models describing spinning particles in the context of generalized Robertson–Walker spacetimes. We study spacelike and timelike trajectories for massive and massless particles governed by two different Lagrangians: one depending on the torsion and the other on the curvature of the trajectory. For both, we are able to relate the curvature and torsion of such trajectories with the curvature of the spatial fiber of the cosmological model. Moreover, several conserved quantities are described as well as their possible relations with physical parameters of the particle.
Economic Benefits from Restoration Actions in Coastal Communities
Authors: Melstrom Richard T. , Hyink Jillian
Published: September 2023

In this study, we measure the effect of restoration actions on the economic value of coastal communities. We use a residential sorting model to simulate residential moves between communities and then estimate the value of restoring shoreline uses in coastal communities. Our application measures the effect of cleaning up Great Lakes Areas of Concern (AOC) — which are heavily polluted coastal locations prioritized for restoration in the United States and Canada — on the willingness to pay (WTP) of residents in the U.S. state of Michigan. While prior research documents the effect of individual AOCs on residents, particularly in local housing markets, little research has examined systematically where restoration is occurring and whether it affects mobility at a regional level. The results in this paper suggest that restoration actions can affect mobility, with point estimates indicating households are willing to pay $54/year for the uses restored between 2005 and 2015 in Michigan’s AOCs.
CENTRAL BANK INDEPENDENCE AND ECONOMIC GROWTH: EVIDENCE FROM ASEAN COUNTRIES
Authors: REDAWAN MUHAMMAD ALAF BIN HAJI
Published: September 2023

The rise of central bank independence (CBI) raises questions regarding the importance of CBI for economic growth. Where conventional theory focuses on the link between CBI and inflation as the common primary objective of any central bank is price stability, this paper explores the theoretical framework of CBI while making the connections to the potential impact it could have on economic growth especially in the context of the ASEAN region. Hence, the aim of this paper is to investigate the relevance of the CBI in the ASEAN region in comparison to the existing literature. Observing nine countries in the ASEAN region across 1996 to 2017, and using the Feasible Generalized Least Squares Method, the study found that the legal CBI has positive impact on economic growth, while the de facto CBI is not significant. The finding raises questions regarding how the economic agents perceive aspects of the CBI.
Data-Sharing Markets: Model, Protocol, and Algorithms to Incentivize the Formation of Data-Sharing Consortia
Authors: Castro Fernandez Raul
Published: September 2023

Organizations that would mutually benefit from pooling their data are otherwise wary of sharing. This is because sharing data is costly-in time and effort-and, at the same time, the benefits of sharing are not clear. Without a clear cost-benefit analysis, participants default in not sharing. As a consequence, many opportunities to create valuable data-sharing consortia never materialize, and the value of data remains locked.

We introduce a new sharing model, market protocol, and algorithms to incentivize the creation of data-sharing markets. The combined contributions of this paper, which we call DSC, incentivize the creation of data-sharing markets that unleash the value of data for its participants. The sharing model introduces two incentives; one that guarantees that participating is better than not doing so and another that compensates participants according to how valuable their data is. Because operating the consortia is costly, we are also concerned with ensuring its operation is sustainable: we design a protocol that ensures that a valuable data-sharing consortium forms when it is sustainable.

We introduce algorithms to elicit the value of data from the participants, which is used first to cover the costs of operating the consortia and second to compensate for data contributions. For the latter, we challenge using the Shapley value to allocate revenue. We offer analytical and empirical evidence for this and introduce an alternative method that compensates participants better and leads to the formation of data-sharing consortia.
HindiPersonalityNet: Personality Detection in Hindi Conversational Data Using Deep Learning with Static Embedding
Authors: Kumar Akshi , Jain Dipika , Beniwal Rohit
Published: September 2023

Personality detection along with other behavioral and cognitive assessment can essentially explain why people act the way they do and can be useful to various online applications such as recommender systems, job screening, matchmaking, and counseling. Additionally, psychometric natural language processing relying on textual cues and distinctive markers in writing style within conversational utterances reveals signs of individual personalities. This work demonstrates a text-based deep neural model, HindiPersonalityNet, of classifying conversations into three personality categories (ambivert, extrovert, introvert) for detecting personality in Hindi conversational data. The model utilizes a gated recurrent unit with BioWordVec embeddings for text classification and is trained/tested on a novel dataset, शख्सियत (pronounced as Shakhsiyat) curated using dialogues from an Indian crime-thriller drama series,
Aarya
. The model achieves an F1-score of 0.701 and shows the potential for leveraging conversational data from various sources to understand and predict a person's personality traits. It exhibits the ability to capture both semantic and long-distance dependencies in conversations and establishes the effectiveness of our dataset as a benchmark for personality detection in Hindi dialogue data. Further, a comprehensive comparison of various static and dynamic word embedding is done on our standardized dataset to ascertain the most suitable embedding method for personality detection.
Leveraging Semantic Technologies for Collaborative Inference of Threatening IoT Dependencies
Authors: Guittoum Amal , Aïssaoui François , Bolle Sébastien , Boyer Fabienne , De Palma Noel
Published: September 2023

IoT Device Management (DM) refers to the remote administration of customer devices. In practice, DM is ensured by multiple actors such as operators or device manufacturers, each operating independently via their DM solution. These siloed DM solutions are limited in addressing IoT threats related to device dependencies, such as cascading failures, as these threats spread across devices managed by different DM actors, and their mitigation can no longer be performed without collaborative DM efforts. The first step toward collaborative mitigation of these threats is the identification of threatening dependency topology. However, this task is challenging, requiring the inference of dependencies from the data held by different actors. In this work, we propose a collaborative framework that infers the threatening topology of dependencies by accessing and aggregating data from legacy DM solutions. It combines the assets of Semantic Web standards and Digital Twin technology to capture on-demand the topology of dependencies, and it is designed to be used in business applications such as
customer care
to enhance customer Quality of Experience. We integrate our solution within the in-use Orange's Digital Twin platform
Thing in the future
and demonstrate its effectiveness by automatically inferring threatening dependencies in the two settings: a simulated smart home scenario managed by ground-truth DM solutions, such as Orange's implementation of the
USP Controller
and Samsung's
SmartThings Platform
, and a realistic smart home called
DOMUS testbed.
(Invited) Fabrication Technique of Ferroelectric HfxZr1−XO2 Thin Films Using ALD-ZrO2 Nucleation Layers
Authors: Onaya Takashi
Published: September 2023

The crystallinity and electrical properties of ferroelectric Hf0.43Zr0.57O2 (HZO) thin films fabricated using atomic layer deposited ZrO2 nucleation layers (ZrO2-NLs) were systematically studied. The remanent polarization (2P
r= 29 µC/cm2) and dielectric constant (k = 32) of the TiN/HZO (10 nm)/TiN capacitors inserting the top- and bottom-ZrO2-NLs (D-ZrO2) were significantly higher than those (2P
r= 12 µC/cm2 and k = 24) without (w/o) ZrO2-NL. Moreover, the crystal structure of HZO films was found to correlate with 2P
rand k. These characteristics were dominantly due to the epitaxial-like grain growth of the HZO film on the top- and bottom-ZrO2-NLs. D-ZrO2 exhibited a lower leakage current density compared with that of w/o, owing to the larger total thickness including the double ZrO2-NLs (4.0 nm). Furthermore, D-ZrO2 showed superior endurance properties than w/o. Therefore, fabrication technique of ferroelectric HZO films using ZrO2-NL is one of promising methods for future ferroelectric memory device applications.
(Invited) Characterization of Metal/GaN Schottky Contacts - Review from the Early Days
Authors: Shiojima Kenji
Published: September 2023

This paper reviews innovation of metal/GaN contacts from the aspects of crystal quality, process technique, and basic understanding of the electrical characteristics. Five topics; (i) thermal degradation of refractory metal contacts, (ii) correlation between dislocations and electrical characteristics, (iii) exploring ideal metal/GaN interfaces by cleaving, surface treatment, and post metallization annealing, (iv) large-barrier p-GaN Schottky contacts by reducing Mg doping level, (v) two-dimensional characterization using our original method: scanning internal photoemission microscopy are described.
Infrared Spectroscopy Study of Edge Water Penetration at Hydrophilic Bonding Interface
Authors: Noël Paul , Larrey Vincent , Morales Christophe , Rieutord Francois , Landru Didier , Fournel Frank
Published: September 2023

In this article, we report on the use of a new characterization technique to measure the water penetration at the bonding interfaces and to quantify it. This complements previous studies done using X-ray reflectometry and surface acoustic microscopy: Fourier Transform Infra-Red Multiple Internal Reflection (FTIR-MIR) spectroscopy is used here to characterize the evolutions of contributions of silanols, surface bonded water and free liquid water groups.
Process and Design Challenges for Hybrid Bonding
Authors: Dubey Vikas , Wünsch Dirk , Gottfried Knut , Wiemer Maik , Fischer Tobias , Hanisch Anke , Schermer Sebastian , Helke Christian , Hasse Micha , Reuter Danny , Schulz Stefan E. , Ghosal Sanghamitra , Hofmann Lutz
Published: September 2023

Achieving high-quality interconnect interfaces for fine pitch integration is crucial in today's advanced electronic systems. Among various interconnect options, hybrid bonding stands out as a superior choice due to its ability to accommodate a high input/output (I/O) count, enabling high-density memory integration, increased power delivery, and improved signal speed. To ensure the utmost quality in hybrid bonding, embedding Cu interconnects within the dielectric layer has proven effective. Furthermore, the surface planarization process, accomplished through chemical mechanical polishing (CMP), plays a pivotal role. In this regard, the final CMP process typically involves a meticulous two-step procedure involving copper bulk CMP followed by barrier CMP. The latter yields the desired surface finish crucial for successful hybrid bonding. Several key surface properties, including copper recess (referred to as dishing) in the vias, erosion and roughness of the dielectric layer, and surface topography changes from high-density to low-density copper vias, significantly impact the overall bond yield. To optimize these parameters, a comprehensive understanding of the design of the interconnect layer for the CMP process is essential. In this study, we explore the impact of via scaling and via density for interconnect pitches from 5 μm to 1 μm and the surface topography due to dummy vias of the final bonding surface.
Hydrophilic Bonding of SiO2/SiO2 and Cu/Cu using Sequential Plasma Activation
Authors: Takeuchi Kai , Ninomiya Takeki , Kubota Michitaka , Kawano Masaya , Takagi Takeshi , Masaaki Niwa , Kuroda Tadahiro , Suga Tadatomo
Published: September 2023

Hybrid bonding is an indispensable technique for the 3D integration of electronic systems. Cu-to-Cu interconnections and SiO2-to-SiO2 dielectric layers should be bonded simultaneously in the wafer-to-wafer bonding process. In this study, sequential plasma activation (SPA) including O2 plasma, N2 plasma, and N radical is investigated for low-temperature bonding of Cu and TEOS SiO2 at 200°C. The SPA bonding improves the bond strength to more than 1 J/m2 compared to the conventional single gas plasma activation bonding. The surface analysis indicates that SPA forms oxynitrides on TEOS SiO2 surface and Cu oxide with adsorbed water on the Cu surface, facilitating the bonding interface formation. The presented technique will contribute to the hybrid bonding applications at lower temperatures.
Surface Activated Si-Si Wafer Bonding Using Different Ion Species
Authors: Danner Matthias , Rebhan Bernhard , Kerepesi Péter , Werner Wolfgang S. M.
Published: September 2023

Surface activated bonding on wafer level is enabled by an advanced direct wafer bonding system for irradiation with different ion species. In this process, the native oxide of 200 mm Si wafers is sputter-removed and an amorphous layer is generated. After ion treatment, the wafers are bonded in ultra-high vacuum at room temperature. The impact of Ar, Kr and Xe ion irradiation on the amorphous layer thickness was investigated with the goal of optimizing the bonding process for establishing interfaces with electronic functionality. This was i.a. motivated by the fact, that the presence of an amorphous layer reduces the electrical conductivity across the wafer interface.
High Cleanliness and High Hydrophobic/Hydrophilic Contrast Done by Direct Wafer Bonding for Die-to-Wafer Self-Assembly
Authors: Montméat Pierre , Enot Thierry , Bond Alice , Thiolon Adele , Bourjot Emilie , Fournel Frank
Published: September 2023

We propose an innovative process with a high hydrophilic contrast for die-to-wafer self-assembly bonding. Dies and target wafer bonding surfaces first undergo a photolithography process to define bonding sites with a 15 µm step. An efficient cleaning is then performed for direct bonding surface preparation. A carrier is bonded to the bonding site to temporarily protect it during the hydrophobic treatment. After it, water contact angles of 18° and 110° are measured on bonding sites and on hydrophobic area, respectively. Finally, the self-assembly process compatibility is demonstrated with 8x8 mm² dies achieving alignment accuracy of less than 1 µm and excellent bonding interface quality.
Crystal Lattice Rearrangement Occurred at Au/Ag Bonded Interface in Atomic Diffusion Bonding in Vacuum
Authors: Goto Fuki , Iemura Hikaru , Uomoto Miyuki , Shimatsu Takehito
Published: September 2023

The crystal lattice rearrangement which occurs at the bonded interface of two films during atomic diffusion bonding processing in vacuum was examined using Au and Ag films. Results revealed that remarkable crystal lattice rearrangement occurs at the bonded interface of Au−Ag bonded films at room temperature. Grains formed continuously across the original interface over the entire thickness of the bonded films. Also, the (111) preferred grain orientation was effective at enhancing the crystal lattice rearrangement. The crystal lattice rearrangement did not accompany remarkable interdiffusion of Au and Ag at the interface, even though the crystal lattice formed continuously across the original interface. In addition to crystal lattice rearrangement, grain boundary diffusion plays an important role in bonding processes, enhancing the interdiffusion between Au and Ag films. Grain boundary diffusion is likely to be effective to fill the gaps in the boundaries of grains formed by crystal lattice rearrangement.
Investigation of the Distribution of the Mass Transport and Reaction　Rates in a Fuel Cell By the Integrated Fuel Cell System Simulator Including the Dynamics of Air, H2, and Cooling Systems
Authors: Hasegawa Shigeki , Kim Sanghong , Ikogi Yoshihiro , Kageyama Miho , Kawase Motoaki
Published: September 2023

A 1+1D model to estimate the distribution of the mass transport and reaction rates in the through-plane and along-channel directions in a fuel cell (FC) was developed. The developed model was integrated to the FC system model and controllers which reproduce the dynamics of the 2nd-generation MIRAI, state-of-the-art fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV). The dynamic behavior of the distribution of mass transport and reaction rates are investigated in low to high load and temperature conditions with the integrated simulator. It was shown that the H2O recirculation from the cathode outlet to inlet region inside the cell through the anode channel played an important role to the determination of the distribution. It was unique feature with the FC system without a humidifier in the air system and the counter-flow configuration of a fuel cell. The impacts of the specification of the controller in the H2 and air system on the overall system performance and the dynamic behavior of the distribution in a fuel cell. The increase of the anode inlet flowrate and cathode inlet pressure enhanced the H2O recirculation in the cell and improved the intensively nonuniform distribution of the humidity, which can cause the acceleration of mechanical degradation of the MEA. The tradeoff of the change of the controller specifications were assessed. It was demonstrated that the relationships among the specification of the controller, the overall system performance, and the dynamic behavior of the distribution in a fuel cell can be evaluated quantitatively.