bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diversity and abundance of sea cucumber (Holothuroidea) resources in the Waters of Duroa Island, Tual City, Maluku, Indonesia
Authors: KALIDI NENENG SUARNO , MUSKANANFOLA MAX RUDOLF , SURYANTI SURYANTI
Published: January 2024

Abstract. Kalidi NS, Muskananfola MR, Suryanti S. 2023. Diversity and abundance of sea cucumber (Holothuroidea) resources in the Waters of Duroa Island, Tual City, Maluku, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 6002-6009. The people of Duroa Island, Tual City, Indonesia, have been utilizing sea cucumber resources continuously without considering its impact on ecological factors and sustainability. Formulating management initiatives is one possible solution to sustain the stock. However, it is hampered by the lack of information on its current status. This study aims to assess the abundance and diversity as well as the condition of the aquatic environment. In the observation 9 sea cucumbers were found from Holothuria, Bohadschia, Actinopyga, Stichopus, and Thelenota genera. The density of sea cucumber was highest at station 4 (0.417 ind/m²), and lowest at station 1 (0.083 ind/m²). Holothuria edulis dominated the sea cucumber community at a density of (0.450 ind/m2). Habitat characteristics of sea cucumber observation stations on Duroa Island are dominated by seagrass, rocky sand, rough sand, and sand. Ecological indices such as diversity are classified as moderate, high uniformity, and low dominance. All observation stations have water quality that is still in the optimal range according to water quality standards for marine biota, except at station 1 because the station has a pH value below the national quality standard of <6.5.
Elusive mother country: The literature of the Indian-Caribbean Windrush
Authors: Kaladeen Maria del Pilar
Published: January 2024

The recent commemorations in 2018 and 2023, of the 70th and 75th anniversary of the arrival of the Empire Windrush at Tilbury Docks, have prompted a deeper engagement with the history of post-war migration from the Caribbean to the ‘motherland’. As public awareness of the economic contribution the Windrush Generation (1948–1971) made to Britain grows, there is also an increasing curiosity in the artistic output of this community and their descendants.

However, when museums and cultural institutions choose to engage with the history of the Windrush Generation and its influence, such representations focus on Black Britain and a celebration of the African-Caribbean presence; little or no acknowledgment is given to the community of Indian-Caribbean heritage, who also formed part of the Windrush Generation. Frequently for example, art exhibitions, book lists and musical celebrations ignore the Indian-Caribbean presence with the UK’s Guardian newspaper recently publishing an article entitled ‘Windrush at 75: books that shaped the black British experience’ (author’s italics).In this article I seek to analyze the literary contribution made by writers of Indian-Caribbean heritage, who were part of the Windrush Generation. From Sam Selvon, the author of the classic Windrush novel The Lonely Londoners to lesser-known writers such as Lakshmi Persaud and Elly Niland, I argue that Indian-Caribbean writers have complicated the binaries of the current Windrush narrative and have perhaps been afforded less consideration as a result. My aim in this article is to offer a preliminary analysis of the literary odyssey of Indian-Caribbean writers during this period
Unbecoming Archives: Anne Sexton's "Perverse" Imagination
Authors: Skorczewski Dawn
Published: January 2024

Abstract: It is impossible to read much about American poet Anne Sexton before encountering references to her "perverse" imagination. Critics routinely argue that she paints a perverse vision of childhood sexuality, female identity, and adult sexuality in her work, and they often object to her frank discussions of the body, its pleasures, and its dangerous powers. Her depictions of mental illness, initiated in To Bedlam and Part Way Back , also earned the derision of many critics who urged her "not to enquire further." Helen Vendler (1988) argued that "a poem was never better for having a uterus in it," and James Dickey objected to being exposed to so much "naked suffering"; that quote was in Anne's wallet when she killed herself in her garage in 1974. In her interviews and her poetry, Sexton answered these critics as a confessional poet and a cultural critic. But even after her death, accusations of her perversion abound. First, her biographer, Diane Middlebrook, exposed her sexual abuse of her daughter Linda. And then Sexton's sister Blanche referred to the poet's "perverse imagination" in a 1991 letter to the Boston Globe , where she and her daughters objected to how Middlebrook's biography represented Sexton's family as riddled with alcoholism, child neglect and/or abuse, and suicide.
Perversion as a Sexualized Withdrawal
Authors: De Masi Franco
Published: January 2024

Abstract: In this article I distinguish sexual perversion from other forms of pathological interpersonal relationships, as I did in my book The Sadomasochistic Perversion: The Entity and the Theories . In fact, it is one thing to talk about sadomasochistic interpersonal dynamics, and another to distinguish the character of sexual perversion. I will start from Freud's work "A Child is Being Beaten," which examines seven cases of children who all have masochistic fantasies that lead to sexual pleasure. I will discuss the reasons why the sadomasochistic perversion appears so early and often is maintained throughout life, preventing the development of an integral love relationship. In particular, I consider the masochistic perversion in patients who have had emotionally traumatizing experiences, who attack the vital self and have eroticized submission.
Perverse Characteristics of Governmental Oppression
Authors: Amir Dana
Published: January 2024

Abstract: This article discusses the perverse characteristics of government oppression (as compared to the perverse characteristics of relations) and focuses on the main characteristic of two-dimensional perception of humans and humanity. Diverse forms of revolting against it will be discussed, including the example of the social protest in Israel, as well as testimony from the Israeli organization Breaking the Silence, which will be analyzed through the prism of Didi-Huberman's firefly phenomenon as the only living form of resistance.
The Small Boy Was “Other”: Disability in James’s Fourth Phase
Authors: Lawrence Kathleen
Published: January 2024

Abstract: Henry James’s fourth phase memoirs A Small Boy and Others and Notes of a Son and Brother benefit from a disability studies perspective. Furthering the social criticism of The American Scene , James’s life-writing disclosed his alterity—queer, neuro-divergent, and chronically ill—to resist regimes of normalcy and hegemonic masculinity, epitomized by Theodore Roosevelt. His intent to adopt Hendrik Andersen demonstrated this shift in his gay identity. Disability connects James’s life-writing to his fictional protagonists whose impairments include chronic illness and the non-normative cognitive and sexual difference of Jamesian artist figures.
Milly Theale and the Question of “Living”
Authors: Jones Patrick
Published: January 2024

Abstract: This essay offers a close reading of Book Fifth, chapter 4 of The Wings of the Dove . In dialogue with William Empson, I argue that Milly Theale’s meditation on the “question of ‘living’” draws attention to the ways in which commonplace ideas about “life” break down when subjected to even a small amount of analytic pressure.
Politicization of Nature: Luxemburg, Kraus, Benjamin
Authors: Vandeputte Tom
Published: January 2024

Abstract:
Beschwerde als Sprache des Ostens: Symbolische Geografie, Populismus und Komplizenschaft
Authors: Prade-Weiss Juliane
Published: January 2024

Abstract:
Quantitative pharmacokinetic and biodistribution studies for fluorescent imaging agents
Authors: Feng Yichen , Pannem Sanjana , Hodge Sassan , Rounds Cody , Tichauer Kenneth M. , Paulsen Keith D. , Samkoe Kimberley S.
Published: January 2024

Pharmacokinetics and biodistribution studies are essential for characterizing fluorescent agents in vivo. However, few simple methods based on fluorescence imaging are available that account for tissue optical properties and sample volume differences. We describe a method for simultaneously quantifying mean fluorescence intensity of whole blood and homogenized tissues in glass capillary tubes for two fluorescent agents, ABY-029 and IRDye 680LT, using wide-field imaging and tissue-specific calibration curves. All calibration curves demonstrated a high degree of linearity with mean R2 = 0.99 ± 0.01 and RMSE = 0.12 ± 0.04. However, differences between linear regressions indicate that tissue-specific calibration curves are required for accurate concentration recovery. The lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) for all samples tested was determined to be < 0.3 nM for ABY-029 and < 0.4 nM for IRDye 680LT.
Understanding viewpoint changes in peripheral prisms for field expansion by virtual reality simulation
Authors: Doyon Jonathan K. , Hwang Alex D. , Jung Jae-Hyun
Published: January 2024

Prism field expansion is a common treatment for patients with peripheral field loss, shifting images from the blind field into the seeing field. The shifted image originates from a new viewpoint translated and rotated from the original viewpoint by the prism. To understand such viewpoint changes, we simulated two field expansion methods in virtual reality: 1) angular (i.e., rotational) field expansion and 2) linear field expansion via image crop-and-shift. Changes to object locations, sizes, and optic flow patterns by those methods were demonstrated and analyzed in both static and dynamic conditions, which may affect navigation with such field expansion devices.
Highly efficient single-layer graphene electro-absorption modulator
Authors: Zhang Hao , Ma Zhuang , Cai Lutong , Zhang Lin
Published: January 2024

We propose a single-layer graphene electro-absorption modulator (EAM) with an angled waveguide sidewall. By utilizing the hybridization of the TM0 mode and the TE1 mode in the waveguide, the light–graphene interaction is enhanced. A modulation depth of 0.124 dB/µm and a figure of merit up to 25 are obtained at 1550 nm. Moreover, we show that the longitudinal electric field plays a significant role in making the optical absorption efficient, which indicates that modulation depth can be increased by enhancing the longitudinal electric field in modulators. This provides a promising solution for the future design of graphene optical modulators.
Equivalent temperature stabilization of nonlinear-optical crystals
Authors: Zotov K. V. , Tereschenko N. V. , Ostapiv A. Yu. , Ivanov G. Yu. , Surovtseva V. P. , Konyashkin A. V. , Ryabushkin O. A.
Published: January 2024

We introduce an approach for the temperature stabilization of nonlinear-optic crystals during laser frequency conversion processes. This approach is based on the stabilization of the piezoelectric resonance (PR) frequency of the crystal, so that the crystal itself becomes a temperature sensor. Application of an electronic oscillator provides a remarkably handy way to determine the PR frequency. When the PR frequency stabilization was employed, the stable generation of the second harmonic (SH) at 532 nm wavelength was achieved in periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN) at more than 30% power compared to the case of the application of external temperature sensors. Long-term stability of SH power was also enhanced.
Ultraviolet pulse compression via cross-phase modulation in a hollow-core fiber
Authors: Jiang Yujiao , Messerschmidt John Pascal , Scheiba Fabian , Tyulnev Igor , Wang Lu , Wei Zhiyi , Rossi Giulio Maria
Published: January 2024

The generation of few-femtosecond pulses with high energy and tunable spectrum in the ultraviolet region is an ongoing challenge in ultrafast optics. Harnessing the cross-phase modulation between an intense near-infrared pulse and its third-harmonic, co-propagating in a gas-filled hollow-core fiber, we demonstrate spectral tuning, broadening, and temporal compression in the ultraviolet range. Ultraviolet pulses with negative chirp, leading to self-compression down to 6 fs during propagation in air, and energy >10µJ were characterized. This technique opens a way towards the realization of few-fs pulses with high energy, tunable over most of the ultraviolet range.
Super-resolution human-silhouette imaging by joint optimization of coded illumination and reconstruction network
Authors: Sakoda Shunsuke , Nakamura Tomoya , Makihara Yasushi , Yagi Yasushi
Published: January 2024

In surveillance camera systems and other human-image analysis systems, it is important to measure human shapes with high resolution. However, the performance achievable through approaches based solely on optical design and image processing has limitations. To overcome these limitations, we propose a super-resolution imaging system for human silhouettes based on a jointly-optimized design involving coded illumination and a reconstruction network. Our proposed method allows for the acquisition of human silhouette data with improved sampling resolution without modifying the camera hardware. We quantitatively demonstrated the effectiveness of our proposed method through simulations and also through optical experiments using a projector and a camera.
Photonic Weyl waveguide and saddle-chips-like modes
Authors: Wang Hanyu , xu wei , Hong Zhu , Yang Biao
Published: January 2024

Topological Weyl semimetals are characterized by open Fermi arcs on their terminal surfaces, which not only renewed our well-accepted concepts of the Fermi loop but also enabled many exotic phenomena, such as one-way propagation. The key prerequisite is that the two terminal surfaces have to be well-separated far away, i.e. the Fermi arcs are not allowed to couple with each other. Thus, their interaction was overlooked before. Here, we consider the coupled Fermi arcs and propose a Weyl planar waveguide, where we found a saddle-chips-like guiding mode. Compared with the conventional waveguiding mode, the new guiding mode propagates along different directions depending on the vertical excitation position. Experimentally, we drill periodic holes in metal plates to sandwich an ideal Weyl meta-crystal and characterize the topological guiding mode. Our study shows the intriguing behaviors of topological photonic waveguides, which could lead to beam manipulation, position sensing, and even 3D information processing on photonic chips.
Cross-cultural validation of two scales to assess mental wellbeing in persons affected by leprosy in Province 1 and 7, Nepal
Authors: Dijkstra Janna I. R. , van Elteren Marianne , Banstola Nand Lal , Shakya Labhi , Sigdel Himalaya , van Brakel Wim H.
Published: January 2024

To assess mental wellbeing among persons affected by leprosy, this study aimed to validate the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale (WEMWBS) and the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9, depression tool) in Province 1 and 7, Nepal. Using purposive and convenience sampling, cross-cultural equivalences were assessed through semi-structured interviews with persons affected by leprosy (>18 years). Data were transcribed, translated, analysed and discussed with experts before revising the tools. Psychometric properties of the scales were assessed using an interviewer-administered questionnaire with cases affected by leprosy and controls not affected by leprosy (>18 years). Statistical analysis included internal consistency, construct validity, floor and ceiling effects, and interpretability. The qualitative study included 20 respondents of whom eleven were female. The statements in the original tools were rephrased to questions as participants had difficulties understanding the statements. Six additional changes were made to ensure items were understood well. The quantitative study included 90 cases (46% female) and 50 controls (54% female). The WEMWBS and PHQ-9 had adequate psychometric properties. Cronbach’s alphas were 0.85 and 0.76, respectively, indicating good internal consistency, 75% of hypotheses for construct validity were confirmed, no floor and ceiling effects were found, and data to help users interpret results are presented. Our study provides evidence that the adapted versions of the WEMWBS and PHQ-9 have good cultural validity to measure mental wellbeing and depression among persons affected by leprosy in Province 1 and 7, Nepal.
The development of new occupation practitioners in China’s first-tier cities: A comparative analysis
Authors: Zhang Yuxiang , Chen Anhang , Li Linzhen , Zhang Huiqin
Published: January 2024

Owing to the increasingly complex economic environment and difficult employment situation, a large number of new occupations have emerged in China, leading to job diversification. Currently, the overall development status of new occupations in China and the structural characteristics of new occupation practitioners in different cities are still unclear. This study first constructed a development index system for new occupation practitioners from five dimensions (group size, cultural appreciation, salary level, occupation perception, and environmental perception). Relevant data to compare and analyze the development status of new occupation practitioners were derived from the big data mining of China’s mainstream recruitment platforms and the questionnaire survey of new professional practitioners which from four first-tier cities and 15 new first-tier cities in China. The results show that the development level of new occupation practitioners in the four first-tier cities is the highest, and the two new first-tier cities, Chengdu and Hangzhou, have outstanding performance. The cities with the best development level of new occupation practitioners in Eastern, Central, and Western China are Shanghai, Wuhan, and Chengdu, respectively. Most new occupation practitioners in China are confident about the future of their careers. However, more than half of the 19 cities are uncoordinated in the five dimensions of the development of new occupation practitioners, especially those cities with middle development levels. A good policy environment and social environment have not yet been formulated to ensure the sustainable development of new occupation practitioners. Finally, we proposed the following countermeasures and suggestions: (1) Establish a classified database of new occupation talents. (2) Implement a talent industry agglomeration strategy. (3) Pay attention to the coordinated development of new occupation practitioners in cities.
Exploring NCATS in-house biomedical data for evidence-based drug repurposing
Authors: Liu Fang , Patt Andrew , Chen Chloe , Huang Ruili , Xu Yanji , Mathé Ewy A. , Zhu Qian
Published: January 2024

Drug repurposing is a strategy for identifying new uses of approved or investigational drugs that are outside the scope of the original medical indication. Even though many repurposed drugs have been found serendipitously in the past, the increasing availability of large volumes of biomedical data has enabled more systemic, data-driven approaches for drug candidate identification. At National Center of Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), we invent new methods to generate new data and information publicly available to spur innovation and scientific discovery. In this study, we aimed to explore and demonstrate biomedical data generated and collected via two NCATS research programs, the Toxicology in the 21st Century program (Tox21) and the Biomedical Data Translator (Translator) for the application of drug repurposing. These two programs provide complementary types of biomedical data from uncovering underlying biological mechanisms with bioassay screening data from Tox21 for chemical clustering, to enrich clustered chemicals with scientific evidence mined from the Translator towards drug repurposing. 129 chemical clusters have been generated and three of them have been further investigated for drug repurposing candidate identification, which is detailed as case studies.
CT-based screening of sarcopenia and its role in cachexia syndrome in pancreatic cancer
Authors: Khristenko Ekaterina , Sinitsyn Valentin , Rieden Tatiana , Girod Parker , Kauczor Hans-Ulrich , Mayer Philipp , Klauss Miriam , Lyadov Vladimir
Published: January 2024

Since computed tomography (CT) is a part of standard diagnostic protocol in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), we have evaluated the value of CT for sarcopenia screening in patients with PDAC, intending to expand the diagnostic value of tomographic studies. In our study, we included 177 patients with available CT images. Two groups were formed: Group 1 consisted of 117 patients with PDAC in various locations and stages and Group 2, or the control group, consisted of 60 "nominally healthy" patients with other somatic non-oncological diseases. The body mass index (BMI) was defined as a ratio of patient’s weight to the square of their height (kg/m2). CT-based body composition analysis was performed using commercially available software with evaluation of sarcopenia using skeletal muscle index (SMI, cm2/m2). Based on the SMI values, sarcopenia was found in 67.5% of patients (79 out of 117) in the first patient group. It was found more frequently in males (42 out of 56; 75%) than in females (37 out of 61; 60.6%). Additionally, we observed a decrease in muscle mass (hidden sarcopenia) in 79.7% in patients with a normal BMI. Even in overweight patients, sarcopenia was found in 50% (sarcopenic obesity). In patients with reduced BMI sarcopenia was found in all cases (100%). Statistically significant difference of SMI between two groups was revealed for both sexes (p = 0,0001), with no significant difference between groups in BMI. BMI is an inaccurate value for the assessment of body composition as it does not reflect in the details the human body structure. As SMI may correlate with the prognosis, decreased muscle mass- especially "hidden" sarcopenia or sarcopenic obesity- should be reported. The use of CT-based evaluation of sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity will allow for a better treatment response assessment in patients with cancer cachexia.
Religion and ethnicity interaction as a predictor of male fertility in Nigeria: Evidence from a national representative sample
Authors: Adebowale Ayo , Palamuleni Martin
Published: January 2024

High fertility constitutes a challenge to men’s health conditions in Nigeria, a low-income country. Religion and ethnicity are central to the current Male Fertility (MF) level in Nigeria. This study determined the relationship between Male Fertility (MF) and Religion Ethnic Interaction (REI) amidst other socio-demographic characteristics in Nigeria. Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey data, 2018 was used. Men aged 15–59 years [n = 8,786] were sampled using a multi-stage approach. Fertility was measured by the number of Children Ever Born (CEB). REI was generated using the combination of religion and ethnic groups; Hausa/Fulani Muslim, Igbo Christian, Yoruba Christian, and Yoruba Muslim. However, Hausa/Fulani Christians and Igbo Muslims were excluded from this study because a few men in these categories were available in the original sample. Weighted data were analyzed using the Negative Binomial (NB) model (α0.05). The mean age and CEB of the men were 32.9±12.0 years and 3.18±4.4 respectively. The mean CEB among men aged 45–59 years was highest among Hausa/Fulani Muslims (x = 11.57±5.98), but least among Yoruba Christians (x = 4.44±2.67). About 33.4% of the Hausa/Fulani Muslims had had ≥5 children, while 13.7% were reported among the Yoruba Christian men (p<0.001). The fertility Incidence Rate Ratio (IRR) was higher among Hausa/Fulani Muslims, but less among Igbo Christians, and Yoruba Christians than Yoruba Muslims. Restricting the analyzed data to only monogamous men revealed no significant differences in the fertility IRR of Yoruba Christians and Yoruba Muslims, but the fertility IRR was significantly higher among the Hausa/Fulani Muslims than Yoruba Muslims. A disparity exists in MF across the REI groups with the Hausa/Fulani Muslims being the major contributors to high MF. Therefore, bridging the gap in access to fertility control measures and programmes that might have resulted from religion and ethnic differences will reduce male fertility level in Nigeria.
The defect feature extraction of ultrasonic phased array detection based on adaptive region growth
Authors: Wang Zhe , Li Shuai , Zhang Chao , Li Xiahui , Long Haonan , Zhu Xianming
Published: January 2024

An ultrasonic phased array defect extraction method based on adaptive region growth is proposed, aiming at problems such as difficulty in defect identification and extraction caused by noise interference and complex structure of the detected object during ultrasonic phased array detection. First, bilateral filtering and grayscale processing techniques are employed for the purpose of noise reduction and initial data processing. Following this, the maximum sound pressure within the designated focusing region serves as the seed point. An adaptive region iteration method is subsequently employed to execute automatic threshold capture and region growth. In addition, mathematical morphology is applied to extract the processed defect features. In the final stage, two sets of B-scan images depicting hole defects of varying sizes are utilized for experimental validation of the proposed algorithm’s effectiveness and applicability. The defect features extracted through this algorithm are then compared and analyzed alongside the histogram threshold method, Otsu method, K-means clustering algorithm, and a modified iterative method. The results reveal that the margin of error between the measured results and the actual defect sizes is less than 13%, representing a significant enhancement in the precision of defect feature extraction. Consequently, this method establishes a dependable foundation of data for subsequent tasks, such as defect localization and quantitative and qualitative analysis.
Genetic diversity among maize (Zea mays L.) inbred lines adapted to Japanese climates
Authors: Mitsuhashi Shohei
Published: January 2024

Understanding the genetic diversity of inbred lines is vital for development of superior F1 varieties. The present study aimed to analyze Japanese maize parental inbred lines and determine their genetic diversity for future breeding. Genetic analyses were conducted using multiple methods. Principal component analysis (PCA), phylogenetic trees, and Bayesian clustering reflected borders between heterotic groups according to the derivation of each inbred line. A self-pollinated line derived from a classic F1 variety and another line from an open-pollinated population from the same derivation were classified as separate components by PCA and Bayesian clustering. The result suggests that open pollination could be essential in modern breeding. Of those classified as dent or flint based on their derivation, some had a combination of all components or clusters. Therefore, the classification of inbred lines should be based on their derivation and DNA markers. The findings will be valuable for breeding and genetic studies in Japan. Additionally, these techniques may be used to obtain a more significant number of SNPs and related phenotypic data.
Cambios en la estrategia política de Vox tras su irrupción electoral: populismo y búsqueda del voto obrero
Authors: Lerín Ibarra David
Published: January 2024

La formación política Vox irrumpió electoralmente en el Parlamento de Andalucía en diciembre de 2018 y se expandió a todo el territorio nacional en las elecciones generales de abril de 2019, consolidándose en los comicios de noviembre de ese mismo año. El propósito de este estudio es comprobar hasta qué punto el partido presidido por Santiago Abascal ha adoptado desde entonces, a partir de 2020, un progresivo cambio en su estrategia política con la finalidad de incrementar su base social y electoral. Concretamente nos centraremos en la evolución de su populismo, que pasará de ser implícito a explícito, y en la búsqueda del voto obrero y de las clases populares. Se prestará especial atención, en este sentido, a la creación del sindicato Solidaridad, vinculado plenamente con Vox. Para conseguir nuestro propósito, metodológicamente, emplearemos el análisis del discurso dentro del marco temporal seleccionado que comprende desde 2013, año de la fundación de Vox, hasta finales de 2020, y para implementar este método aplicaremos el software de análisis cualitativo Atlas.ti.
Biology is real: el discurso de Vox sobre las leyes trans
Authors: Rocamora Pérez Pablo
Published: January 2024

La extensión del reconocimiento de derechos y libertades para la comunidad LGTBIQ+ en diferentes países de Europa y América ha desencadenado una reacción conservadora que pone en tela de juicio estos avances sociales. Entre los opositores a la aplicación de la agenda LGTBIQ+, destacan partidos políticos de extrema derecha, lobbies conservadores y activistas religiosos. Estos actores están unidos por el discurso de la ideología de género, que tiene su origen en la Iglesia Católica. En este artículo se estudia el discurso de Vox sobre las leyes trans con la finalidad de desentrañar cómo construye su oposición. Específicamente, se analiza cómo justifica sus posicionamientos y cómo se relaciona este discurso con los discursos de otros actores sociales. Para ello, se analizaron varias intervenciones parlamentarias del partido político mediante el análisis sociológico del discurso. Los resultados demuestran que el discurso de Vox sobre las leyes trans está secularizado al utilizar la ciencia para respaldar su oposición. A este respecto, Vox entiende que el sexo es una realidad biológica inmutable y que la transexualidad es un trastorno mental que debe ser abordado por la ciencia. Además, el estudio revela que el partido político construye su discurso a partir de elementos provenientes de otros discursos de oposición.
La propaganda humanitaria y el Socorro Obrero Internacional: antecedentes de la red transnacional de intelectuales antifascistas
Authors: López Martín Laura
Published: January 2024

La situación generada por la Primera Guerra Mundial provocó la aparición de múltiples organizaciones destinadas a la población civil cuya acción humanitaria se desarrolló a nivel transnacional. Estas acciones se desarrollaron, también, como herramientas de influencia política apoyadas en los medios de comunicación de masas, en las que se involucraron intelectuales progresistas que facilitaron la movilización de amplias capas sociales. El Socorro Obrero Internacional estableció filiales en numerosos países con el doble objetivo de realizar acciones propagandísticas mientras desarrollaba acciones de apoyo a los obreros y sus familias, facilitando recursos en períodos de huelga, estableciendo comedores, hogares para niños o escuelas. La lucha contra el fascismo facilitó que se involucraran cineastas, fotógrafos, escritores, pintores, etc. en la elaboración y difusión de mensajes apoyados frecuentemente en imágenes que permitieron establecer los puentes emocionales adecuados para la creación de una red de intelectuales antifascistas, activa durante en el período de entreguerras y la Segunda Guerra Mundial. El objetivo del artículo es explorar las organizaciones y circunstancias que precedieron a esta red desde un enfoque transnacional y diacrónico que parte del concepto de solidaridad internacional y de sus implicaciones políticas. Para el estudio se han revisado publicaciones y archivos de las organizaciones cinematográficas vinculadas, así como los escritos realizados por Willy Münzemberg relacionados con la propaganda. Como resultado, los mensajes y las imágenes compartidas y difundidas en los medios de comunicación permitieron moldear la opinión, establecer emociones compartidas que facilitaron la movilización humanitaria y sirvieron de justificación ideológica y cultural.
El deber de imaginación. Desafíos sobre las formas de narrar un pasado traumático
Authors: Villalta Alfonso
Published: January 2024

¿Cómo enfrentarnos a un pasado traumático? Esta pregunta inicia el presente trabajo que transita entre las maneras de leer el pasado desde la historia y la antropología y las maneras de escribirlo –o reescribirlo– desde el presente. A lo largo del texto, desde la transdisciplinariedad teórica y metodológica, se busca contextualizar una manera de leer las fuentes originadas fundamentalmente a partir de pasados traumáticos. Se pretende explorar en torno a un modelo teórico para narrar el pasado en el que se inscriben las aportaciones de algunos de los autores que más han reflexionado acerca de la narratividad en la disciplina histórica, con el objetivo de construir un modelo a partir de las reflexiones teóricas y metodológicas de historiadores o filósofos como Walter Benjamin, Didi-Huberman, Carlo Ginzburg, Michel de Certeau o Paul Ricoeur. Parte este trabajo para ello de conceptos clave como el de «alegoría» o «montaje», en el que se combina una secuencia de primeros planos con planos generales que muestran una visión más completa del pasado. En esta combinación se presta especial atención a las «cosas pequeñas», al «detalle», planteando una manera de mirar a aquello que parece no tener importancia, pero que desde su aparente intranscendencia permite explorar todo un mundo. Como conclusión, y como uno de sus principales propósitos, el texto justifica la necesidad de un modelo que ponga la imaginación a disposición de la narración del pasado. Este recurso es básico para que el investigador del pasado comprenda los hechos analizados y, también, para que pueda actuar como una suerte de dispositivo traductor hacia la sociedad.
Presentación: De la primera posguerra europea a la Guerra Civil española: experiencias de ayuda humanitaria internacional en el periodo de entreguerras
Authors: Velázquez Hernández Aurelio
Published: January 2024

Presentación del dosssier monográfico sobre ayuda humanitaria.
Kinship analysis of mecA gene of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from milk and risk factors from the farmers in Blitar, Indonesia
Authors: Khairullah Aswin Rafif , Kurniawan Shendy Canadya , Sudjarwo Sri Agus , Effendi Mustofa Helmi , Widodo Agus , Moses Ikechukwu Benjamin , Hasib Abdullah , Zahra Reichan Lisa Az , Gelolodo Maria Aega , Kurniawati Dyah Ayu , Riwu Katty Hendriana Priscilia , Silaen Otto Sahat Martua , Afnani Daniah Ashri , Ramandinianto Sancaka Cashyer
Published: January 2024

Background and Aim: There are numerous reports of subclinical mastitis cases in Blitar, which is consistent with the region’s high milk production and dairy cattle population. Staphylococcus aureus, which is often the cause of mastitis cases, is widely known because of its multidrug-resistant properties and resistance to β-lactam antibiotic class, especially the methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strains. This study aimed to molecular detection and sequence analysis of the mecA gene in milk and farmer’s hand swabs to show that dairy cattle are reservoirs of MRSA strains.

Materials and Methods: A total of 113 milk samples and 39 farmers’ hand swab samples were collected from a dairy farm for the isolation of S. aureus using Mannitol salt agar. The recovered isolates were further characterized using standard microbiological techniques. Isolates confirmed as S. aureus were tested for sensitivity to antibiotics. Oxacillin Resistance Screening Agar Base testing was used to confirm the presence of MRSA, whereas the mecA gene was detected by polymerase chain reaction and sequencing.

Results: : A total of 101 samples were confirmed to be S. aureus. There were 2 S. aureus isolates that were multidrug-resistant and 14 S. aureus isolates that were MRSA. The mecA gene was detected in 4/14 (28.6%) phenotypically identified MRSA isolates. Kinship analysis showed identical results between mecA from milk and farmers’ hand swabs. No visible nucleotide variation was observed in the two mecA sequences of isolates from Blitar, East Java.

Conclusion: The spread of MRSA is a serious problem because the risk of zoonotic transmission can occur not only to people who are close to livestock in the workplace, such as dairy farm workers but also to the wider community through the food chain.

Keywords: hand swab, mecA, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, milk, public health.
Design of reinforced concrete rectangular cross-sections according to the second generation of Eurocode
Authors: Lakusic Stjepan
Published: January 2024

This paper describes the design procedure for reinforced concrete rectangular cross-sections according to the standard FprEN 1992-1-1 (second generation of Eurocode 2). Design was carried out in two ways: using design tables for reinforced concrete rectangular sections and using a direct analytical procedure. The stress-strain diagram in the form of a parabola-rectangle was used for concrete, while for the reinforcing steel a bilinear stress-strain diagram with a horizontal post-elastic branch without strain limit was applied. For this reason, when designing the reinforced concrete cross-section, it is necessary to limit the strain in the compression zone of the concrete. Tables for the design of reinforced concrete rectangular sections were obtained using a new procedure in which the mechanical reinforcement ratio is varied. A direct analytical procedure was used for comparison, which can be used for the design of reinforced concrete rectangular sections without the need to use tables. The limit values of the coefficient of the height of the compression zone for pure bending were calculated according to the standard FprEN 1992-1-1.
Erasing Liberia and African “Moderates” from Contemporary Pan-African and

Anti-Colonial Discourses
Authors: Toe Samuel
Published: January 2024

This is a debate essay intended intended for the Roape's Debate section:

In this debate essay I sound the alarm on Liberia's and African "moderates' " accelerated erasure from contemporary discourses of Pan-Africanism and Africa's anti-colonial struggles.Reflected most recently in essays appearing in the special issue of Logos-based

The Republic
Magazine (2023) and Adom Getachew's book
Worldmaking African Empire(2019), I suggest that the impact this omission is present one-sided protraitof the Pan-African movement and to obfuscatethe divergent legacies of revolutionary resistance and diplomatic moderation inherent in anti-racial, anto-slave and anti-colonail struggles of the last three centuries.
Esophageal Cicatricial Pemphigoid
Authors: Udemba Sharon , Burkholder Ryan , Raja Fnu , Kurin Michael S.
Published: January 2024

Cicatricial pemphigoid (CP) is a rare autoimmune blistering disorder, which affects the skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. The annual incidence of CP is 1/100,000. Esophageal involvement is rare and usually occurs in disseminated disease. Esophageal disease presents with dysphagia and weight loss and can be difficult to treat. We present a case of a 65-year-old woman with esophageal CP whose symptoms improved with esophageal dilatation and rituximab infusions.
A Novel Home for Hemangiomas: Sclerosing Hemangioma in the Pancreas
Authors: Tidwell Jasmine , Thakkar Bianca , Nguyen Minh Thu T. , Zakko Liam , Potashinsky Alexander , Parker Susan
Published: January 2024

Pancreatic hemangiomas, predominantly in female patients, are rare benign vascular tumors. We report a unique case of an incidentally discovered pancreatic sclerosing hemangioma. The patient's clinical presentation and imaging were concerning for an abdominal mass. Endoscopic ultrasound and histopathology confirmed the pancreatic sclerosing hemangioma. Because there were no complications, surgery was not performed, and the patient was monitored. Biopsy confirmation is crucial to rule out malignancy and avoid unnecessary surgical resection.
Deep Learning in High-Resolution Anoscopy: Assessing the Impact of Staining and Therapeutic Manipulation on Automated Detection of Anal Cancer Precursors
Authors: Saraiva Miguel Mascarenhas , Spindler Lucas , Fathallah Nadia , Beaussier Hélene , Mamma Célia , Quesnée Mathilde , Ribeiro Tiago , Afonso João , Carvalho Mariana , Moura Rita , Andrade Patrícia , Cardoso Hélder , Adam Julien , Ferreira João , Macedo Guilherme , de Parades Vincent
Published: January 2024

Introduction:

High-resolution anoscopy (HRA) is the gold standard for detecting anal squamous cell cancer (ASCC) precursors. Preliminary studies on the application of artificial intelligence (AI) models to this modality have revealed promising results. However, the impact of staining techniques and anal manipulation on the effectiveness of these algorithms has not been evaluated. We aimed to develop a deep learning system for automatic differentiation of high (HSIL) versus low-grade (LSIL) squamous intraepithelial lesions in HRA images in different subsets of patients (non-stained, acetic acid, lugol, and after manipulation).

Methods:

A convolutional neural network (CNN) was developed to detect and differentiate high and low-grade anal squamous intraepithelial lesions based on 27,770 images from 103 HRA exams performed in 88 patients. Subanalyses were performed to evaluate the algorithm’s performance in subsets of images without staining, acetic acid, lugol, and after manipulation of the anal canal. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive and negative predictive values, and area under the curve (AUC) were calculated.

Results:

The CNN achieved an overall accuracy of 98.3%. The algorithm had a sensitivity and specificity of 97.4% and 99.2%, respectively. The accuracy of the algorithm for differentiating HSIL vs LSIL varied between 91.5% (post-manipulation) and 100% (lugol) for the categories at subanalysis. The AUC ranged between 0.95 and 1.00.

Discussion:

The introduction of AI to HRA may provide an accurate detection and differentiation of ASCC precursors. Our algorithm showed excellent performance at different staining settings. This is extremely important as real-time AI models during HRA exams can help guide local treatment or detect relapsing disease.
Trends in Detection of Adenoma and Sessile Serrated Lesions Over a Decade in a Community-Based Healthcare System
Authors: Liang Su-Ying , Oscarson Brandon , Kenkare Pragati , Yan Sherry X. , Mudiganti Satish , Martinez Meghan C. , Huang Edward S.
Published: January 2024

INTRODUCTION:

Adenoma detection rate (ADR) is an accepted benchmark for screening colonoscopy. Factors driving ADR and its relationship with sessile serrated lesions detection rate (SSLDR) over time remain unclear. We aim to explore patient, physician, and procedural influences on ADR and SSLDR trends.

METHODS:

Using a large healthcare system in northern California from January 2010 to December 2020, a total of 146,818 screening colonoscopies performed by 33 endoscopists were included. ADR and SSLDR were calculated over time using natural language processing. Logistic regression was used to calculate the odd ratios of patient demographics, physician attributes, and procedural details over time.

RESULTS:

Between 2010 and 2020, ADR rose from 19.4% to 44.4%, whereas SSLDR increased from 1.6% to 11.6%. ADR increased by 2.7% per year (95% confidence interval 1.9%–3.4%), and SSLDR increased by 1.0% per year (95% confidence interval 0.8%–1.2%). Higher ADR was associated with older age, male sex, higher body mass index, current smoker, higher comorbidities, and high-risk colonoscopy. By contrast, SSLDR was associated with younger age, female sex, white race, and fewer comorbidities. Patient and procedure characteristics did not significantly change over time (P-interaction >0.05). Longer years in practice and male physician were associated with lower ADR and SSLDR in 2010, but significantly attenuated over time (P-interaction <0.05).

DISCUSSION:

Both ADR and SSLDR have increased over time. Patient and procedure factors did not significantly change over time. Male endoscopist and longer years in practice had lower initial ADR and SSLDR, but significantly lessened over time.
Plague and Prejudice: Archaeology, COVID-19, and the Resurgence of Social Justice Movements
Authors: Kratimenos Panos , Kratimenos Panos , Sladen Lucy
Published: January 2024

 
Quality of life in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism in the Chuvash Republic
Authors: Aizetullova G. A. , Osipov V. F. , Kichigin V. A.
Published: January 2024

Anthropometric data, indicators of laboratory and instrumental examinations were prospectively studied in 80 patients with primary hyperparathyroidism who were treated at the Republican Clinical Hospital for War Veterans of the Ministry of Health of Chuvashia. The quality of life of all patients with primary hyperparathyroidism was assessed before and after surgical treatment using two questionnaires: the SF-36 questionnaire and the standardized quality of life questionnaire for patients with PGPT — PHQol, an adapted Russian version of the quality of life questionnaire for primary hyperparathyroidism. As a result of the study, primary hyperparathyroidism was found to be a disease with a low level of detectability due to low awareness of practitioners, therefore, it often takes up to 10 years from the onset of the disease to diagnosis. It is necessary to introduce screening programs to determine the level of calcium in the blood. The disease primary hyperparathyroidism is of medical and economic importance, which pushes us to pay closer attention to this disease, to create a register of patients with primary hyperparathyroidism. Assessment of the quality of life before and after surgical treatment makes it possible to assess the subjective state of the patient, and also contributes to a patient-oriented approach in the management of patients with PGPT. The standardized questionnaire for assessing the quality of life in hyperparathyroidismPHQoL, its adapted and validated Russian version is a reliable method for studying the quality of life before and after surgical treatment of patients with PGPT, as well as for evaluating the effectiveness of surgical treatment.
A pedagogia seráfica e a iconografia franciscana da instrução: estrutura da formação dos noviços e representações dos doutores medievais da Ordem nos conventos da Província de Santo Antônio do Brasil (Bahia e Pernambuco - séculos XVII e XVIII)
Authors: Oliveira Carla Mary S.
Published: January 2024

Este artigo pretende analisar as sucessivas camadas de significados e a importância atribuída às imagens pelos seráficos, e o tanto que tais representações se entranharam no reforço de suas práticas de formação instrucional e espiritual desenvolvidas no espaço intramuros ao longo do período colonial, especialmente no entre o seiscentos e o setecentos. As pesquisas desenvolvidas até o momento já demonstraram ser possível identificar a existência de um discurso visual feito especificamente para os fiéis, e outro, mais intelectualizado e personalizado, voltado a exaltar os intelectuais e teólogos medievais da ordem em espaços conventuais de circulação restrita apenas a noviços em formação e religiosos professos. Se pretende discutir a permanência de estruturas e normatizações pré-tridentinas na Pedagogia Seráfica cristalizada nos Estatutos Gerais e da Província, cotejando-os com o acervo das livrarias dos conventos que recebiam os noviços, analisando também algumas representações dos teólogos medievais da Ordem presentes nos espaços de leitura e ensino frequentados pelos franciscanos em formação. Se discute a relação existente entre tais imagens – especialmente as de Scotus e Ockham – e as normas instrucionais presentes nos Estatutos da Custódia/ Província de Santo Antônio do Brasil e em legislações superiores, como os Estatutos de Barcelona, de 1622, e os Statuta Generalia de 1501, 1598 e 1651, além da permanência dos preceitos escolásticos, mesmo depois das determinações tridentinas para que se operassem mudanças no processo instrucional formativo das ordens religiosas católicas romanas.