DEVELOPMENT OF SYSTEM OF NATURAL-SCIENCE COMPETENCES FOR THE PROFESSIONAL TRAINING QUALITY ENHANCEMENT
Authors: Belavusava Natallia 
Published: May 2021

The main mechanism that guarantees the quality of education in Republic of Belarus is based on the state educational standards. According to the current standards, the aim of professional training is to obtain an integrat-ed result: expert (professional) skills coupled with solid general education. This education is build upon the de-velopment of a common system of competences. Therefore, the quality of professional education is strongly con-nected with the problem of the specialist (who has to possess all necessary skills and competencies) formation method. The problem includes development and advancing of the system of competences in the conditions of the current educational process and elaboration of an evaluation methodology and techniques for this system.
Taking into account, that the educational process of high school professional training in Belarus includes the studying of four cycles of disciplines (socially-humanitarian, natural-science, general professional and special professional), it is essential to investigate the influence of each of the cycles on the final system of competences formation. In the present article, the capability of the natural-science disciplines cycle for the handling of the pro-fessional system of competences development is discussed in reference to military specialties.
It has been found that during the professional disciplines studying, the replacement (but not integration) of the knowledge received at the previous stage of the natural-science cycle is taking place. It interferes with prin-cipal understanding of natural sciences as a fundamental basis for the professional competence; it does not pro-mote the recognition of cultural and social importance of natural sciences; and, consequently, it does not support the formation of general orientation on continuous self-education in the field of natural sciences. And that is con-sidering that insufficiency of natural-science culture of graduates of military high schools can lead to possible serious economic consequences for the country and risks in the field of national safety.
In the course of the experiment, the didactic conditions have been formulated and the model of the peda-gogical process, directed to the elaboration of a persistent natural-science system of competences, has been devel-oped and approved. The incorporation of the conditions and the process does not assume an essential transfor-mation of the volume and structure of class hours allocated to the studying of natural-science disciplines. Intro-duction of the course "Fundamentals of modern natural sciences » in syllabus of the internal security troops de-partment of military academy of Belarus is essentially new.
The technique of examination of the integrative abilities of students with use of the methods of fuzzy mathematics was applied for the evaluation of the developed model efficiency. The interest to this method is caused by the possibility use this approach to deal with estimations of competences, which cannot be unequivo-cally structured in an algorithm presentation by definition.
Key words: quality of education, educational process, science education, system of competences.