bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DAMPAK PROGRAM PENGEMBANGAN USAHA AGRIBISNIS PERDESAAN (PUAP) TERHADAP PRODUKSI PADI DAN PENDAPATAN PETANI DI DESA JATI, KABUPATEN CIANJUR
Authors: Akhmadi
Published: February 2024

Dalam dua dekade terakhir ini, tingkat kemiskinan di perdesaan selalu relatif lebih tinggi dibanding tingkat kemiskinan di perkotaan. Program PUAP merupakan salah satu program pengurangan kemiskinan di perdesaan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji dampak Program PUAP terhadap produksi padi dan pendapatan riil petani di Desa Jati (penerima Program PUAP) dan Desa Jamali (tidak menerima Program PUAP), menggunakan analisis Double Difference. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan PUAP di Desa Jati telah sesuai dengan pedoman yang ditetapkan dan nilai Double Difference produksi padi per hektar (641,14 kg) dan pendapatan riil (Rp878.358) di Desa Jati lebih tinggi daripada di Desa Jamali. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa Program PUAP telah memberikan dampak signifikan terhadap peningkatan produksi padi per hektar dan pendapatan petani. Namun dengan adanya kelemahan-kelemahan dalam pelaksanaan Program PUAP yang masih dominan dan rata-rata pendapatan per kapita petani penerima Program PUAP ternyata masih berada di bawah garis kemiskinan Kabupaten Cianjur. Oleh karena itu diperlukan upaya mendesak untuk peningkatan kualitas sumber daya manusia, khususnya bagi petani, pengurus Gapoktan, penyuluh, dan penyelia mitra tani melalui penyuluhan, pelatihan, dan pendidikan tentang usaha agribisnis, baik yang berkaitan dengan teknis produksi maupun manajemen usaha taninya
THE IMPACT OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS ON THE ECONOMIC GROWTH OF THE REPUBLIC OF NORTH MACEDONIA
Authors: Alili Sulejmani Liza , Ejupi Fjolla , Ak Rengin
Published: February 2024

For a long time, scholars and governments had been dealing with the question of whether there is a nexus between intellectual property rights (IPRs) and economic development, and if so, how strong is the link. From the studies done until now, we have clearly indicated that the impact of IPRs is a complex issue and significantly varies across industries and across development stages. The conclusions of the economic literature are ambiguous: some studies conclude that this connection is apparently strong, while others conclude the connection of IPRs and economic development to be fairly weak. Nevertheless, the income of the country is an important determinant while analyzing the impact of IPRs on economic growth of a country. The effect of IPRs protection on growth depends upon the level of development. It is positively and significantly related to growth for low-and high-income countries, but not for middle-income countries. This suggests that, although IPRs connection is quite significant for high-income and low-income countries, middle-income countries are not a typical case of it.The study looks at the impact of intellectual property rights on the economic growth for the case of the Republic of North Macedonia. To address some of the issues concerning IPRs, this study defines what Intellectual Property Rights are, their definition, history, protection, regime, their instruments, international and national laws etc. It also attempts to evaluate the relationship between the protection of intellectual property and economic activity in the Republic of North Macedonia.Despite many inquiries into this particular field, it is important to accentuate that there is less research made on intellectual property rights and economic growth that is focused on data in a transitional context. Therefore, there is a significant gap in this area, which is evident from the dispersed regulation of the intellectual property rights in the Republic of North Macedonia. Put differently, there is no State Office for Intellectual Property, but State Office for Industrial Property. This makes research in this field even more complicated.In the case of the Republic of North Macedonia this is a highly new prosperous field where less research is done. Therefore, the research results will highly contribute regarding this field to the country and its government regarding the economic development of the country as well as the establishment of the new sphere such as intellectual property.Results of econometric modeling and the analysis of gathered data will provide the empirical evidence for the nexus between intellectual property rights and economic growth of the Republic of North Macedonia. Moreover, the research will discuss the reform of IPR’s regime and will offer recommendations for their enforcement and administration.
OVERVIEW OF THE CONCEPTS AND APPROACHES FOR BUDGET PLANNING IN ENTERPRISES IN THE BULGARIAN SCIENTIFIC LITERATURE
Authors: Dombashov Rumen
Published: February 2024

In the conditions of a rapidly changing and uncertain dynamic environment, increasing competition, and limited resources, the global economic crisis brought planning and control to the fore as the leading functions of management. Modern practice is characterized by a significant variety of tools, approaches and methods in the implementation of planning in enterprises. The purpose of this publication is to review the concepts and tools for budget planning in the enterprise, which are known in the Bulgarian scientific literature, indexed in the scientific database Google Scholar at the end of March 2023. Methodologically, the review used a systematic approach. The review was conducted in three stages: developing a search protocol, conducting the search and reporting the results. The literature sample of review sources covers eleven scientific publications corresponding to the researched topic. The results of the review show that many Bulgarian authors recommend the application of quantitative methods and approaches for enterprise budget planning. As such, the balanced scorecard and tools of fuzzy set theory are indicated. A number of authors emphasize the need for the application of a flexible and dynamic toolkit for budget planning, which enables the assessment and successful management of internal and external risk. For crisis conditions, the authors most often recommend scenario planning and heuristic models. Some authors highlight the kaizen concept and controlling as attractive and successful planning concepts. Other authors point to expert systems based on artificial intelligence as a particularly valuable tool for planning. In the "discussion" part of the present study, some recommendations for future research are given. In the opinion of the author, this development has the character of a landmark for the state of the Bulgarian scientific literature about the concepts and tools for budget planning in the enterprise. Despite the theoretical nature of the study, it can be used by both researchers and management practice.
KEY ASPECTS OF THE ANALYSIS OF LABOUR RESOURCES-BASED RETURN AND LABOUR COSTS-BASED RETURN OF THE ENTERPRISE IN THE CONTEXT OF CONTEMPORARY SITUATION
Authors: Ivanova Rositsa
Published: February 2024

The issue of the effective use of workforce is relevant at all phases and stages of each enterprise’s development. The importance and relevance of this issue are even greater in the context of high inflation rate in the country and the impact of different crises – health, economic, price, energy, social, and now the military crisis, due to the conflict and the war in the vicinity of the Bulgarian frontier.The first object of study in this publication is the indicator of labour resources-based return, which shows the final effective use of the enterprise’s workforce. This indicator is analysed as a separate object of the analysis to identify the strength and direction of direct factors that affect its dynamic. These factors are as follows:1. changes in the labour productivity and2. changes in the sales return.The second object of study refers to the labour costs-based return indicator, which characterises the final effectiveness of costs incurred by the enterprise for the functioning of the workforce it has hired, and namely, costs for staff salaries and social security. This indicator is also analysed as a separate object of the analysis. It identifies the strength and direction of direct factors’ impact on the dynamics of this indicator. These factors are as follows:1. changes in the labour productivity;2. changes in the average wages per staff member;3. changes in the average social security costs per staff member; and4. changes in the sales return.Their objectively existing correlation is a prerequisite for correlating these two objects.The subject matter of this publication covers the methodological aspects of the analysis of labour resources-based return and the analysis of labour costs-based return.The author’s objective is to suggest approved methodologies for analysis of the labour resources-based return and for analysis of labour costs-based return, which are applicable to and useful for the business practice. This publication suggests guidelines for deeper analysis methodologies by correlating the factors affecting the change of the annual labour productivity with the factors affecting the return calculated both on the basis of labour resources and on the basis of labour costs as well. Such correlation may result in objective symbiosis among the use of working time, efficient use of manpower (labour productivity) and labour resources-based and labour costs-based return.
MARKETING CONSTRUCTION OF THE TELEVISION MESSAGE
Authors: Miftari Flamur
Published: February 2024

To be heard by your target customer and consumer, your message and your campaigns must be clear, coherent, empathetic and impactful. Deliver a calibrated speech about the buyer persona and eliminate obstacles as well as comprehension bias... This is the challenge you will be able to meet by preparing your marketing message. This preparation is, in fact, essential to set up an effective campaign and thus increase sales. As its name suggests, the marketing message encompasses the company's communication elements about its identity and the value it brings. The consumer is the economic entity (natural or legal person) who chooses, uses and consumes a service or goods and thus proceeds to their partial or complete consumption. This consumption is considered to be: "final", when the use of the consumed good corresponds to private personal use (drinking a glass of wine, watching a show, driving...); "intermediate", when the consumed good or service contributes to the creation of another good or service (a craftsman uses a car to travel to a client...). To construct an effective television message, it is necessary to take into account the particularity of this medium: the small size of the TV screen and the distance between the viewer and the image, spots often limited to 30 seconds, creative packages and signature restrictions, and a consumer who is often poorly engaged and pays little attention to messages, which you need to know how to interest them, surprise and seduce to convince.
RFID AS AN ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY DESIGNED TO IMPROVE BUSINESS PROCESSES IN SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT
Authors: Gligorovski Violeta , Risteska Jankuloska Aneta , Angeloska Dichovska Monika
Published: February 2024

The RFID is a useful tool for effective management of organisations’ supply chain activities and competitive competencies. So, as the efficient functioning of the supply chain in any company contributes to the growth of its competitiveness and profitability, the meaning of supply chains takes on a new connotation in the changed conditions for managing business processes. The RFID system, as a technology that is implemented by more and more companies, today occupies a significant place in the agenda of every competitive company. Although this means that companies follow technological innovations, one of the reasons why this technology penetrates increasingly, mainly, is that these labels are becoming cheaper and cheaper, but the implementation of this type of technology is simpler, faster and easier to use, which, of course, is an advantage compared to other technological inventions. The purpose of this paper is to emphasize how the RFID (Radio Frequency Identification Device) technology can improve business processes in the Supply Chain Management (SCM). Business processes, through digitalization, acquire a completely different dimension in the new virtual world, following the new conditions from a completely different perspective. This paper presents a brief explanation of Radio Frequency Identification Device (RFID) integration in Supply Chain Management using literature review and analytical research approach. For the purposes of this paper, a review was made and secondary data was found in order to identify the benefits of this type of technology and to emphasize the need for its use.
ADVANTAGES OF IMPLEMENTING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN E-BUSINESS FOR CONSUMERS
Authors: Josimovski Saso , Pulevska Ivanovska Lidija , Dodevski Darko
Published: February 2024

In the contemporary e-business environment, the prioritization of great user experiences and exceptional customer service has emerged as a critical objective. This detailed investigation delves deeply into the tactics that provide the foundation for improving user interactions within digital platforms. This is an exploration of the dynamic landscape of digital commerce, highlighting the importance of design principles that prioritize user needs, advanced search capabilities, effortless navigation, and tailored customer assistance. The central focus of the paper is the crucial significance of user interfaces that include both intuitive qualities and a high level of responsiveness across diverse devices. The interfaces play a crucial role in fostering user engagement and cultivating consumer loyalty within the digital domain, serving as a fundamental basis for facilitating favorable interactions between businesses and their clients. E-businesses foster an inclusive and user-centric environment by providing mobile-friendly content and interfaces that accommodate a wide range of user requirements. This approach promotes user exploration, engagement, and retention. The subsequent analysis focuses on the development of site search mechanisms, emphasizing the transition from rudimentary keyword searches to sophisticated search algorithms, the introduction of faceted search options, the integration of visual search capabilities, the implementation of predictive search functions, and the increasing significance of voice search. These innovations operate in conjunction to transform the accessibility of items and services, improve the process of making purchases, and enhance overall user involvement. Users are able to easily find desired items, explore other options, and obtain pertinent information, all of which enhance the overall satisfaction and effectiveness of the e-commerce experience. The investigation ultimately penetrates into the realm of virtual assistants and chatbots, which are driven by artificial intelligence (AI). These digital entities provide both immediate assistance and a range of functionalities designed to improve the overall purchasing experience. Customers have the opportunity to get support, monitor their orders, stay informed about product availability, and participate in virtual trials for apparel or furniture, thanks to the implementation of augmented reality and virtual reality advancements. Fundamentally, these diverse techniques highlight the utmost significance of placing user-centricity, innovation in search and navigation, customization, and AI-driven support mechanisms at the forefront in order to provide seamless, captivating, and effective e-business experiences. In a continuously evolving digital environment, enterprises that use these components are more strategically positioned to fulfill user demands, foster client allegiance, and sustain their competitive advantage.
HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT IN MODERN ORGANIZATIONS - THE EXAMPLE OF „ALFA-PLAM“, VRANJE
Authors: Stošić Mihajlović Ljiljana , Mihajlović Marija
Published: February 2024

The turbulent historical development of humanity indicates that people had the need for various types of organizational activities, and at the beginning these were groups. The association of people into groups was initially aimed at survival. Only united could they survive against animals in hunting and tribal wars. The group as a group of people enabled man to survive and go through different evolutionary stages. These are the first forms of organization that changed over time, and thus the goals of that organization. In the same way, individuals could not complete many tasks alone, so they were forced to join groups, so that by achieving common goals, they could more easily achieve personal goals. Basically, the purpose of their association was to achieve more with as little work as possible. From the above, it is clear that the "germs" of human resources management are related to the need of each group to have a leader at the head. The leader is the person from the group with the greatest personal authority to whom she has entrusted that role, expecting him to realize the interest of the group in the most efficient way. This is a man with strong abilities to organize people to achieve set goals, and today we call such people managers. In this paper, the modern approach to human resources management will be presented on the example of the well-known Vranje and Serbian company "Alfa Plam". The goal of the research is imposed by the topic of the work and is related to pointing out the importance of human resources management with special reference to the company "AlfaPlam" from Vranje, which has become a synonym for successful business because it consistently applies methods and procedures of human resources management. Namely, the company takes care of each of its employees, for which the human resources managers in the company are responsible. As a positive example, we state that on the company's website you can find CVs for each employee along with information about their progress in the company, training, bonuses received, and possible sanctions.Among the research methods used in the work were "desk" research methods as well as data collection through tests in the company itself. Through the research process, we came to the result that the company "Alfa Plam", which enjoys an international reputation, is successful in its work precisely because it consistently applies modern postulates of human resources management, while improving and consciously improving them.
THE ROLE OF SOCIAL CAPITAL AND INNOVATIONS FOR TRANSFORMATION OF RURAL AREAS IN BULGARIA
Authors: Ilcheva Maria
Published: February 2024

Nowadays, the role of the human factor in achieving economic growth, improving the quality of life and increasing the well-being of people in rural areas is significantly increasing. This is due to critical factors for lagging development or "marginalization" of rural areas, which leads to depopulation of migration, as well as loss of economic and social capital as building blocks for economic growth. At the same time, there is an upward trend for the revival and transformation of rural areas in Bulgaria thanks to social capital, expressed through growing trust and partnership, as well as the charge of collective voluntary interaction and civic energy.Social capital refers to the resources and benefits that individuals or groups in a society can access through their social networks, relationships, and interactions. It encompasses trust, cooperation and social norms that facilitate cooperation and coordination between people. In this report, the author examines the role and factors for the development of social capital in rural areas of Bulgaria by making a comparative analysis of good practices related to the revival of small settlements thanks to civic activity and social innovations. As a result of the research, the thesis is confirmed that the formation of social capital in rural areas is a long process and depends on factors and events that contribute to the development and strengthening of social networks, trust and cooperation within communities. These factors can help foster a sense of community, cooperation and shared identity among rural residents in Bulgaria, which is especially important in situations of natural disasters, hazards and challenges.In addition, the report examines the role of social capital in Bulgaria as a tool for restoring trust and local identity in rural areas after a long political and economic transition, as well as the contribution of social innovations to the implementation of community-led local development. The role of local action groups as a new kind of collective form for organizing communities in rural areas and the potential for revival based on local resources and identity is traced.
THE BULGARIAN STATE POLICY REGARDING THE BULGARIAN COMMUNITIES OF THE BALKANS
Authors: Buzhashka Boryana , Dobreva Vanya
Published: February 2024

The big topic for Bulgarian communities abroad is not new and various aspects of it have been the subject of research over the years. The research focuses mainly on the Bulgarian communities in Moldova, Ukraine, North America and part of the European territories. However, the Bulgarian diaspora in the Balkans has not been studied so carefully, especially in the Western Balkans. It should be pointed out that the Bulgarian communities in the Balkans, regardless of their common ethnogenesis, differ among themselves in a number of factors: ethnocultural, ethnographic, confessional and/or linguistic. For this reason, their consideration is subject to the chronological principle of classification, involving the unification of communities according to the historical period of their settlement – "old" (historical) and "new"(modern). In turn, in the historical emigration can also be distinguished several stages: until 1878. (the restoration of the Bulgarian state); between 1878 and 1944. period of development of Bulgaria as a monarchy); between 1944 and 1989. (period of the Socialist Republic). It is indicative that in the second half of the twentieth century Bulgaria developed specific policies towards the Bulgarian communities - mainly along the lines of culture. State institutions such as the committee for Bulgarians abroad were established and operated with the task of maintaining Bulgarian self-awareness. Magazines are published ( patriotism, Fatherland, etc.). The Bulgarian communities also formed the donation fund "13 centuries Bulgaria", which continues its activity today under the name "1300 years Bulgaria". After the changes of 1989. (the period of democratic changes) begins a new stage in the policy towards the Bulgarian communities. Policies in the field of Education have been introduced through special decrees: decree 103 (for the implementation of educational activity among Bulgarians abroad) and decree 228 (for the admission of citizens from the Republic of North Macedonia to the state universities of the Republic Of Bulgaria). It should be noted that this issue is the center of a project on which, at the moment, a scientific team from Unibit is working. One of the goals of this project is to study the cultural and historical heritage of the Bulgarian communities in the Balkans and to develop a digital map. This will contribute to the identification of the modern Topos inhabited by ethnic Bulgarians and through them to conceptualize on another level the question of the Balkans as synthetic zones of cultural contacts. Also, the results of the study will crystallize into the development of a cultural route that will show the dynamics of cultural processes between Southeast and Central and Western Europe, in which all Balkan communities are included.
LOCAL COMMUNITY FESTIVALS: URBAN AND RURAL FEATURES
Authors: Keliyan Maya
Published: February 2024

The purpose of the article is to highlight the specifics of local festivals in different types of communities, distinguished by the indicator of “place of residence” capital, regional city, town and village, pointing out the common features and differences between them. For the realization of this goal, it is necessary to study such important features as: frequency of conduct, thematic focus, activities carried out during the festivals, the subjects that organize and conduct them, the participation of local authorities, institutions, NGOs, media and local people. The leading method in the study of festivals in the text is sociological and its choice is a consequence of the set goal. Object of study are local communities as a specific social construct and social group entity with characteristic social relations, functions, interactions, resources, values and identity. Local festivals are an important element of the lifestyle of local communities; depending on whether the latter are located and developed in an urban or rural environment, the peculiarities, similarities and differences between their festivals are determined. The article analyzes the results of a nationally representative empirical sociological survey conducted on the field in FebruaryMarch 2023 with 800 respondents throughout the country. It was realized within the project “Local Festivals: A Resource of Local Communities to Deal with Crises”. According to the empirical information received, festivals are more often organized and held in regional centers and cities than in Sofia and the villages. The analysis of the results shows that festivals in regional cities, towns and villages have a more diverse thematic focus and more varied activities are carried out during their conduct than in Sofia. The festivals in the regional centers in their thematic focus are closer to those organized in the towns and villages than to those in Sofia. Their main organizer in all types of local communities is the local government in the face of the municipality or the mayoralty. The chitalishte (literally “reading centers” are important cultural institutions in Bulgarian tradition and contemporary society) has a leading role in the organization of the festivals in the towns and villages, unlike the regional centers and Sofia, where their participation is unremarkable. A kind of “profiling” of the festivalization of contemporary lifestyle is formed according to the type of local communities whether they are in the capital, in the regional centers, in the towns or in the villages. Residents of smaller settlements, such as towns and villages, are more actively involved in the organization and holding of festivals than those from regional centers, and in Sofia their participation is the weakest. In these local communities, local institutions and residents manifest themselves as enterprising social actors, their festivals are really local in nature, organization and holding, they carry the spirit, values, traditions, energy, atmosphere and identity of local people.
Perbandingan VDF Jembatan Timbang Tanjung Balik Terhadap VDF MDPJ 2017 Berdasarkan Beban Aktual
Authors: Erzag Almira Nabila , Sentosa Leo , Putra Benny Hamdi Rhoma
Published: February 2024

The 2017 Road Pavement Design Manual is a basic reference for road pavement planning in Indonesia, with the provision of a tolerance limit for the overload of 50%. However, the case of violation of the overload that occurs causes a significant increase in the damage to the road. The purpose of this research is to assess the validity of the VDF value in the 2017 MDPJ. This study uses vehicle weight data obtained from UPPKB Tanjung Balik West Sumatra by classifying vehicles, calculating each load distribution, and calculating the VDF value as a value that will be compared to the VDF that has been set in the 2017 MDPJ. Based on the analysis carried out, the VDF values ​​for each vehicle class 6a, 6b, 7a, and 7b were 0.39, 8.17, 9.28, and 4.53, with the determination of the VDF value in the 2017 MDPJ was 0.5, 3.0, 9.8, and 36.9. From these results, it is concluded that the VDF value in vehicle class 6b does not meet the VDF value that has been set so it is necessary to make corrections to the manual.
Improving Performance in Mixture Porous Asphalt: Application Polyethylene-Terephthalate (PET) and Lawele Granular Asphalt (LGA)
Authors: Oktaviastuti Blima , Sadillah Muhammad , Primaswo Rifky Aldila
Published: February 2024

Plastic has various types, one of which is PET (Polyethylene Terephthalate) plastic, which is often used as a raw material for plastic bottles. One type of asbuton that is often used for road pavement is LGA (Lawele Granular Asphalt) asphalt. Repairs by adding asbuton to the porous asphalt mixture need to be done. This is because porous asphalt has several weaknesses, namely low strength or stability compared to other asphalt mixtures. The addition of PET and LGA waste to porous asphalt is a topic in this article. This research design uses a quantitative design with a type of experimental research. The results of the study concluded that: (1) The results of testing the characteristics of the constituent ingredients of the porous asphalt mixture meet the specifications of SNI, and (2) The test results of the addition of PET (Polyethylene Terephthalate) plastic and LGA (Lawele Granular Asphalt) to porous asphalt mixture meet the specifications by RSNI 2 Design and Implementation of Porous Asphalt Mixture 2012. It is hoped that this research can be an alternative to the mixture of PET plastic waste and LGA asbuton in a porous asphalt mixture. In addition, the newness of this material is expected to also help the construction of roads.
Comparative study on physicochemical and sensory characteristics of two traditional ghee made from buffalo and cow milk
Authors: Nezhad Razmjoui Akhgar Rahele , Shaviklo Amir Reza , Khamisabadi Hassan
Published: February 2024

The physicochemical, sensory characteristics, and fatty acids composition of two traditional ghee made from native West Azarbaijan buffalo and cow milk was investigated. In order to determine the oxidative stability, free fatty acids (FFAs) content and peroxide value (PV) of ghee samples were determined during 6 months of storage at ambient temperature (25˚C). The yield of buffalo ghee was significantly higher compared to cow ghee (6.01 versus 3.10%). No significant difference was observed in the saponification value, iodine value, refractive index, and slip melting point between two ghee samples (p >0.05). FFAs content and PV of ghee samples increased significantly during six months of storage (p<0.05). At the end of storage, the PV in buffalo ghee (0.34 meqO2/kg) was significantly lower than that of cow ghee (0.39 meqO2/kg) (p<0.05). Fatty acid composition analysis revealed a high degree of saturation (67.93 and 72.69% in buffalo and cow ghee, respectively), with C14:0, C16:0, and C18:0 being the predominant saturated fatty acids. On the other hand, C18:1 and C18:2 were the main monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids in buffalo and cow ghee. Buffalo ghee displayed a significantly higher level of conjugated linoleic acid than that of cow ghee (p<0.05). Significantly higher scores were given to buffalo ghee by the panelists for all evaluated sensory attributes (p<0.05). According to the findings of this study, buffalo ghee has high nutritional potential as well as consumer acceptance, and its development would improve the livelihoods of rural herders by promoting their market share and preventing the stagnation of buffalo breeding activity.
Comparative analysis of wild and cultivated rosehip from Bulgaria
Authors: Ivanova Mihaela G. , Taneva Ira D. , Zhekova-Kalaydzhieva Maria Z. , Schreiner Matthias , Slavov Anton M. , Tumbarski Yulian D.
Published: February 2024

The aim of this study was to compare the composition of wild Rosa canina (Kiustendil region, 2022) and cultivated rosehips Plovdiv-1 (Gotse Delchev region, 2022). The results demonstrated that the cultivated rosehips possessed more fibers and minerals, and were more abundant in polyunsaturated fatty acids. The Plovdiv-1 rosehips were characterized by lower fat content and more pronounced antioxidant properties. The wild type had higher vitamin C content. The morphological characterization indicated that the fruits of cultivated rosehips were longer, with less seeds and hairs. The results of the antimicrobial activity tests demonstrated that both methanol extracts possessed significant inhibitory activity against Micrococcus luteus 2YC-YT, moderate inhibitory effect on Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633, Listeria monocytogenes NBIMCC 8632, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Proteus vulgaris ATCC 6380, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027, and low inhibitory activity against Bacillus amyloliquefaciens 4BCL-YT, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 19433, Salmonella enteritidis ATCC 13076, Salmonella typhimurium NBIMCC 1672 and Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 13883. The extracts did not show antifungal activity, except against Rhizopus sp. and Fusarium moniliforme ATCC 38932, in which the inhibitory activity was low. The obtained results showed that cultivated rosehips are promising for supplementing various types of food products.
ПЕРИІМПЛАНТИТ ЕФЕКТИВНІСТЬ АНТИБАКТЕРІАЛЬНОЇ ТЕРАПІЇ (огляд літератури)
Authors: Чертов С.О. , Кокарь О.О. , Строгонова Т.В.
Published: February 2024

Метою дослідження було об’єднання даних про особливості лікування периімплантних мукозитів, що надані у публікаціях останніх років. Методи дослідження. Огляд популярної наукової літератури останніх рокув, що вмістить мега-аналітичні дослідження ефективності антибактеріальної терапії периімплантиту. Результати і обговорення. Для розвитку периімплантиту необхідно створення на поверхні імплантату біоплівки ранньоколонізуючими штамами сапрофітів порожнини рота, переважно Streptococcus salivarius, Streptococcus mitis і Streptococcus oralis. Оральні стрептококи виробляють арсенал адгезивних молекул, які дозволяють їм ефективно колонізувати поверхні імплантату та підготувати відповідне середовище для зчеплення патогенних бактерій як Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Fusobacterium nucleatum і Treponema socranskii. Для хімічного усунення біоплівки в основному використовують розчини хлоргексидину, перекисі водню, ватні кульки, змочені фізіологічним розчином і лимонною кислотою. Вибір тактики оперативного втручання, резективний або регенеративний підхід, залежить від характеру дефекту мяких тканин і морфології збереженої кістки навколо імплантату. Висновки. Незважаючи на затвердження одних дослідників про достатність даних для обгрунтування наукового протоколу лікування антибіотиками з консервативними та хірургічними методами лікування, інша група авторів вказують на низьку ефективність системних та місцевих антибіотиків. Їх використання дозволяє незначно зменшити клінічні прояві гноєтечи, рецесії, втрати маси кістки, приводить до зниження загальної кількості бактерій, та можуть спровокувати небажані явища. Відмова від призначення системних антибіотиків у випадку периімплантиту може сприяти рішенню проблеми стійкості до антибіотиків.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ МІСЦЕВОГО ЗНЕБОЛЕННЯ НА СТОМАТОЛОГІЧНОМУ ПРИЙОМІ
Authors: Шеверя С.М. , Мельник Ю.О. , Калинчук С.В.
Published: February 2024

Вступ. Біль – це фізіологічна захисна реакція організму на пошкодження, що відображає психофізіологічний стан людини, який виникає в результаті впливу надсильних або руйнівних подразників на організм. При цьому у стоматології біль є важливим діагностичним критерієм, що може носити як локальний так і розлитий характер, а його інтенсивність вказує на активність патологічного процесу. Враховуючи це, місцева анестезія є однією з найпоширеніших процедур на стоматологічному прийомі, а місцеві анестетики – одними з найбільш часто використовуваних лікарських препаратів у щоденній практиці лікаря-стоматолога. Мета дослідження. Охарактеризувати значимість місцевого знеболення на стоматологічному прийомі, покази до його застосування та ускладнення, що можуть виникати в ході проведення. Матеріали і методи. Матеріалами дослідження стали наукові розробки вітчизняних та закордонних дослідників. В ході дослідження використано бібліосемантичний метод та структурнологічний аналіз. Методичною основою дослідження став системний підхід. Результати. На сьогоднішній день основним методом знеболення в щоденній роботі лікаря-стоматолога є місцева анестезія. Адже, на відміну від загального знеболення, місцеве знеболення – це спосіб знечулення шляхом блокування іннервації на ділянці оперативного втручання, яке при цьому не потребує дороговартісної апаратури та не є складним у застосуванні при збереженні правильної техніки виконання. Висновки. В щоденній практиці лікаря-стоматолога місцева анестезія є незамінною маніпуляцією, тому питання стосовно вдосконалення методів знеболення на прийомі є актуальним на сьогоднішній час і потребує постійного вдосконалення для забезпечення безболісного проведення стоматологічних втручань з урахуванням психоемоційного стану, загальносоматичного статусу, попередження виникнення ускладнень та небажаних результатів.
ИНТЕГРИРОВАННЫЕ МЕТОДЫ ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОГО ОБУЧЕНИЯ В СОВРЕМЕННЫХ ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНЫХ УСЛОВИЯ
Authors:   Кыргызский авиационный институт им. И. Абдраимова, Белгибаев А.
Published: February 2024

In the modern environment, there is a need to pay more attention to the development and use of integrated training, along with innovative teaching methods that promote the effective acquisition of knowledge and skills by students of aviation schools. Ways of education based on competences are provided for students, using the possibilities of interdisciplinary communication of cycles of general professional and special disciplines. The article highlights the potential of integrated training methods in the future development of aviation education. An integrated approach is an interdisciplinary approach that helps bring together knowledge and skills from different subject areas, allowing students to see their interrelationships and apply them holistically to solve problems.
СЛОВООБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНАЯ СТРУКТУРА ГЛАГОЛОВ КИТАЙСКОГО ЯЗЫКА, ОБРАЗОВАННЫХ ПО АТРИБУТИВНОЙ МОДЕЛИ СЛОЖЕНИЯ
Authors:   БГУ им. К. Карасаева, Борсокеева Н.
Published: February 2024

The formal-grammatical structure of a complex word in the Chinese language, which is characterized by a “prepositive arrangement of dependent components,” determines the position of the verbal productive stem in the second position, and the additional member in the first position. Therefore, we believe that the main producing basis for a verb constructed according to the attributive model is the second component; in the vast majority of words it is of a verbal nature.If the core of the meaning of a complex verb is primarily the semantics of the second component of the verb, then the qualitative basis, representing the signs of the action, shows the characteristics of the action from different points of view.
ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ ТОЛЕРАНТНОСТИ УЧАЩИХСЯ В ПРЕПОДАВАНИИ ЭПОСА «МАНАС»
Authors:   Кыргызско-Узбекский международный университет имени Б.Сыдыкова, Имаралиева Ж.
Published: February 2024

In teaching the epic "Manas" to students of upper grades of secondary schools, the work of analyzing the epic is considered in the article in order to solve the problems that should form students to tolerance. Its relationship with ethnopedagogy will be revealed during the analysis of the work. What situations are taken into account when connecting the problem with the epic is related to the content of the work to be done in the lesson. If the epic is properly analyzed, the level of ethnopedagogical education of students will be raised. The obtained results contribute to the improvement of the process of teaching the epic "Manas" in high schools, strengthening the applied and practical direction of teaching, and the successful implementation of the principles of pedagogical education, such as the purposeful formation of vital skills. The article will theoretically and practically help teachers of Kyrgyz language and literature of general educational Kyrgyz secondary schools, teachers of higher educational institutions.
МЕТОДОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ОСНОВЫ БАНКОВСКОГО КРЕДИТОВАНИЯ И КЛАССИФИКАЦИИ ФАКТОРОВ, ВЛИЯЮЩИХ НА ОСОБЕННОСТИ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ КРЕДИТОВ
Authors:   БГУ им. К. Карасаева, Калманбетова Г. , Туратбекова Н. ,   БГУ имени К. Карасаева
Published: February 2024

The article discusses the methodological foundations of bank lending, the essence of bank lending, as well as the systematization of approaches to classifying factors in the process of crediting enterprises, classified as business entities. The factors influencing the lending process are classified. The organization of the lending process in a bank includes several stages, each of which has its own characteristics and is characterized by some intermediate results. Determining the creditworthiness of borrowers and assessing the level of credit risk of the bank when concluding a credit transaction is carried out in the course of credit analysis. The essence of this stage is a comprehensive and comprehensive analysis of the activities of borrowers in order to ensure the desired profitability of lending operations at an accepted level of credit risk and to prevent irretrievable losses. However, changes in external conditions, negative trends in the borrower's activities and possible mistakes by bank employees may lead to a deterioration in the quality of the loan and the loan portfolio as a whole.
EXAMINATION OF IDIOMS IN TURKISH 5TH GRADE TEXTBOOK
Authors:   Fırat Üniversitesi, Özeren Mehmet ,   Fırat Üniversitesi, Yalçın Kaan
Published: February 2024

Idioms are stereotyped word groups that describe a concept, an idea, an event with few words and strengthen oral and written expression. Idioms, add vitality beauty to the narrative. It enables the expression of feelings, thoughts and concepts more easily and effectively. In this seminar, the features and sructure of the idoms in the themes and texts in the Turkish 5th grade textbook were examined. The aim of the seminar is to examine the idioms in our Turkish vocabulary in terms of form and concept, and to indicate the contribution of idioms to the text and their achievements for students. First of all, the themesand texts in the textbook were examined. The idioms in the texts in each theme were determined. The structure and conceptual features of these idioms are explained in detail. The contribution of the idioms to the narration and their suitability to the theme were determined. At the end of the analysis, it is understood that these idioms were chosen according to the theme and subject covered in the texts. There are eight themes and forty texts in the Turkish 5th grade textbook. In each theme, there are also activity sections related to the processed text. These idioms in the text are also included in the activity studies. Thus, it is aimed to understand and use the idioms in the text effectively.
ПРОЦЕСС ЦИФРОВИЗАЦИИ ЭКОНОМИКИ КЫРГЫЗСТАНА
Authors:   БГУ им. К. Карасаева, Савина М. , Армурзаева Дж. ,   БГУ имени К. Карасаева
Published: February 2024

This article discusses the issues of digitalization of the economy of the Kyrgyz Republic in the context of economic integration in the EAEU, the main tasks of digital transformation formulated in the National Development Strategy of the Kyrgyz Republic for 2018-2040 are considered, it is established that the leading factors in this process will be digital and non-digital factors , which represent the basis for the implementation of the digitalization of the economy of Kyrgyzstan, analyzes the indicators characterizing the state of information and communication technologies in Kyrgyzstan and in the regions, as well as the developed legal documentation of the digitalization of the economy. According to the NDS KR 2018-2040 The first sectors of the economy in which digital technologies will be introduced include the following sectors of the economy of Kyrgyzstan: tourism, agro-industrial complex, communications, financial and banking services, construction industry. The achievements of Kyrgyzstan in the process of digitalization are analyzed, as well as problems that hinder this process are identified, the solution of which will contribute to the promotion of digitalization of the economy.
Subject, sovereign, Antigone: Judicial subjectivity and determination of the law
Authors: Tacik Przemyslaw
Published: February 2024

In this paper I develop a theory of judicial subjectivity based on Lacan’s psychoanalysis. This theory is enriched with a theoretical confrontation with the abyssal laboratory of populist governance which has been created by the far-right majority in Poland since 2015. By adding this empirical context, I enquire how agency of judges is being created by the split legal system. The subjectivity of the judicial function implies speaking modestly in the name of the law, but at the same time involves being addressed by the demands of the Big Other. Yet at the same time the judge holds in her hands the jouissance of the law: it is the judge that can ultimately – with the effect of recognition within the Symbolic – acknowledge or refused validity of the law. It is in the judge’s subjectivity that the law can be recreated or can collapse. The peculiar link between the judge and her master is located in judicial conscience: the place where the subject’s structural emptiness corresponds to the lack within the law. As I argue in the paper, this role comes to the fore in case of split legal systems – such as the Polish one – which address judges with contradictory norms. In such moment the judge becomes ‘a judicial Antigone’ in Lacanian interpretation: a person on whose personal self-identification the legal system itself depends. Such a judicial Antigone – with empirical examples of Polish judges – is both the utmost hero and the utmost victim of the law. En este artículo desarrollo una teoría de la subjetividad judicial basada en el psicoanálisis de Lacan. Dicha teoría se enriquece con una confrontación teórica con el laboratorio abisal de la gobernanza populista que ha creado la mayoría de extrema derecha en Polonia desde 2015. Añadiendo este contexto empírico, investigo cómo un sistema legal dividido está creando la agencia de los jueces. La subjetividad de la función judicial implica hablar modestamente en nombre de la ley, pero al mismo tiempo implica ser abordado por las demandas del Gran Otro. Sin embargo, al mismo tiempo, el juez tiene en sus manos el goce de la ley: es el juez el que puede, en última instancia -con el efecto del reconocimiento dentro de lo Simbólico–, reconocer o rechazar la validez de la ley. Es en la subjetividad del juez donde la ley puede recrearse o derrumbarse. El vínculo peculiar entre el juez y su amo se localiza en la conciencia judicial: el lugar donde el vacío estructural del sujeto se corresponde con la ausencia dentro de la ley. Como sostengo en el artículo, este papel pasa a un primer plano en el caso de los sistemas jurídicos divididos –como el polaco– que dirigen a los jueces normas contradictorias. En ese momento, el juez se convierte en “una Antígona judicial”, según la interpretación lacaniana: una persona de cuya autoidentificación personal depende el propio sistema jurídico. Tal Antígona judicial –con ejemplos empíricos de jueces polacos– es a la vez el máximo héroe y la máxima víctima de la ley.