bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Critical Analysis of the Response of Ilorin Sufi Scholars to Anti-Sufi Uprising in the Seventies in Nigeria
Authors: Gambari Yusuph Dauda
Published: February 2024

Sufism has been trailed by different criticisms for a long period. Different Muslim communities across the Muslim world have experienced anti-Sufism drives but launched in Nigeria in the seventies as it was inaugurated and coordinated by Shaykh Abubakar Mahmud Gumi, who acted under the guise and influence of Wahhābiyya-Salafiyya. As a result, Sufis across communities started responding by either preaching or writing. Sufi scholars in Ilorin, a border community between the North and South, were among the early responders to anti-Sufism who took to writing. Therefore, this paper is a critical analysis of the contents of Rafḍ al-Shubuhāt, written as a response to anti-Sufi waves in the city. An exegetical method of research was adopted to determine the appropriateness of the Sufi scholars to the anti-Sufism campaign in the metropolis. The findings revealed that most of the Salafiyya’s claims are unfounded and lack the proof to establish their genuineness, while the responses of the Sufi are not only appropriate but are also laced with evidence from the Qur’an, Ḥadīth, and submissions of different scholars, some of whom were Salafiyya scholars. The book is therefore recommended for the defence of Sufism in contemporary times.Contribution: This study contributes to revealing the efforts to tackle the anti-Sufism movement initiated by Sufis scholars in Ilorin Nigeria, by writing a book entitled Rafḍ al-Shubuhāt, as a counter-opinion.
Construction of Ibn 'Aṭāillāh al-Sakandarī's Tafsir: Tracing Sufistic Epistemology in Qur’anic Interpretation
Authors: Kharomen Agus Imam , In’amuzzahidin Muh. , Meilia Dika , Anwar Noer Faizah
Published: February 2024

This study aims to reveal the interpretation of Ibn 'Aṭāillāh, spread in his Sufism books. Apart from a historical approach, this library research applies a hermeneutic approach to understand the form of Ibn 'Aṭāillāh's Sufistic interpretation. The results reveal that Ibn ‘Aṭāillāh's tafsir product includes 630 verses from 89 surahs. The tafsir epistemology applied by Ibn 'Aṭāillāh uses a Sufism approach to reveal the wisdom of the Qur'an. His motivation is to provide guidance for the salik or spiritual travellers and position the Quran as a source of wisdom and the basis for the concept of Sufism. Ibn 'Aṭāillāh Sufistic interpretation complements other tafsir products and emphasises that the style of interpretation is determined by the approach used by the mufassir and the importance of positioning the Qur'an as a source for understanding religion.Contribution: This research contributes to revealing the Sufistic style of interpretation, which is not limited to verses dealing with ethics. The interpretation style lies in the approach rather than in the theme discussed. All verses can be approached from a Sufistic perspective, as conducted by Ibn 'Aṭāillāh.
Artesanos y circulación de objetos en el Bajo Magdalena: la industria de concha y el intercambio fluvial en el norte de Colombia entre los siglos XII y XVI d.C.
Authors: Marquez-Prieto Leonardo Enrique
Published: February 2024

Los pueblos del Caribe colombiano prehispánico fueron hábiles artesanos y comerciantes durante los siglos previos a la conquista española. En diversos sitios de la región se puede encontrar objetos de gran calidad artesanal. La falta de estudios sobre estos bienes no ha permitido ver el intenso comercio e interacciones que tuvieron las comunidades indígenas que vivieron en la región. La presente investigación parte del estudio taxonómico y tecnológico de los talleres de concha encontrados en Plato, departamento del Magdalena, así como su función de puerto fluvial situado en el río Magdalena, lugar que sirve de arquetipo para otros posibles sitios aún no encontrados en las llanuras del Caribe.
Manifiesto para la protección de los derechos humanos de las comunidades pesqueras artesanales en Colombia
Authors: Figueroa Isabela , Satizábal Paula , Saavedra-Díaz Lina M. , Noriega-Narváez Gina , Velásquez-Mendoza Yulibeth
Published: February 2024

Estimado editor,
En el 2019, investigadoras de la Universidad del Magdalena (Colombia), en colaboración con una investigadora del Instituto Helmholtz para la Biodiversidad Marina Funcional (HIFMB, Alemania), implementaron el proyecto Vulneración de Derechos Humanos en la Pesca Artesanal en Colombia, gracias al cual se generó una línea de trabajo interdisciplinario (Justicia en Territorios Pesqueros) enfocada en investigar y denunciar diferentes injusticias en espacios marinos y costeros. Por medio del análisis sistemático de 91 sentencias de tutelas revisadas por la Corte Constitucional de Colombia, se identificaron violaciones a derechos humanos asociados a las comunidades de pescadores artesanales en todo el país.
Uno de los resultados de este proyecto ha sido la construcción de una base de datos digital denominada Justicia en Territorios Pesqueros (disponible en http://pescayjusticia.unimagdalena.edu.co/) que busca visibilizar estas violaciones y facilitar acciones futuras para la protección de los derechos humanos en el sector de la pesca artesanal en Colombia (ver Figueroa et al. 2023).
El 10 de marzo de 2023, se llevó a cabo el Primer Conversatorio Nacional Pescando Justicia: Violaciones a Derechos Humanos en Territorios Pesqueros, en donde se hizo el lanzamiento de la base de datos y se socializaron los resultados del proyecto con líderes y lideresas de comunidades pesqueras, miembros de la academia, funcionarios de las agencias gubernamentales de pesca, medio ambiente, derechos humanos y miembros de organizaciones no gubernamentales. Luego de dialogar sobre los resultados socializados y discutir su relevancia en el país, se redactó un manifiesto que presentamos a continuación.
Scotus’s Analysis of the Structure of the Will in the Light of 14th-Century Philosophical and Theological Discussions
Authors: Koszkało Martyna
Published: February 2024

This article addresses the issue of the two-level nature of acts of the will, i.e. its ability to voluntarily refer to its own acts. First, we will examine the ancient sources of the concept of the two-level will (Plato and Augustine). Then, we will focus on the views of John Duns Scotus on the types of acts of will, with particular emphasis on the concept of non velle and its application in philosophical and theological issues. Against the backdrop of Scotus’s concept, we will examine the ways in which 14th-century thinkers engaged with his position and developed his account of the two-level acts of will and types of acts of will. Finally, the article discusses a significant change in the function of non velle and the use of this type of volitional act in 14th-century ethics by exploring the views of Buridan and Kilvington.
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Received: 29/01/2023. Reviewed: 30/03/2023. Accepted: 18/04/2023.
A Christian Philosophy Grounded in the Experience of Truth
Authors: Lentija Zyra F.
Published: February 2024

This paper focuses on a Christian philosophy grounded in the experience of truth. To better understand this, it will explore: (1) the kind of philosophical approach that provides a space for people to preoccupy themselves with truth and draws them to further probe into the fundamental questions; (2) a return to the basics: philosophy as love of wisdom and for love of wisdom is personal, an experiential journey; (3) finally, a vision of Christian philosophy that is not purely theoretical but teaches one how to incarnate every truth and virtue. Christian philosophy provides us with an experience in, with, and of the truth in terms of understanding and developing certain traits and virtues such as prudence, justice, fortitude, and temperance. The shaping and molding of these good habits within each person are important in maintaining a Christian worldview to keep one grounded while being immersed in the world and its realities, allowing the Christian to become a reality within oneself and for others.

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Received: 20/03/2023. Reviewed: 18/04/2023. Accepted: 24/04/2023.
Distanciamento social em tempos de pandemia
Authors: Pandolfo Kelly Christine Maccarini , Azambuja Cati Reckelberg , Santos Daniela Lopes dos
Published: February 2024

Baixo nível de atividade física (NAF) e altos índices de comportamento sedentário (CS) de adolescentes são motivos de preocupação. O objetivo foi analisar o impacto do distanciamento social (DiS) no comportamento ativo (CA) e CS em 276 escolares (idade: 16,1±1,0 anos) do ensino médio de uma escola pública federal do Sul do Brasil, durante a pandemia de COVID-19. Os participantes responderam sobre a rotina de CA e CS em uma semana típica (antes e durante DiS) em 2020. O CA diminuiu quanto ao tempo de prática de atividades físicas (360,1±172,5 para 215,8±167,2 min/semana; p<0,000) e dias de prática semanal (4,1±1,4 para 3,2±1,9 dias/semana; p<0,000). O CS aumentou (480 para 720 min/dia). Conclui-se que o impacto do DiS foi desfavorável para CA e CS. Portanto, escola e Educação Física escolar devem ser reconhecidas como espaço de oportunidade na realização das práticas corporais, contribuindo no atendimento às recomendações de NAF desta população.
Espelho, espelho mau, como são as adaptações psicofísicas por meio do capital?
Authors: Huguenin Felipe Machado , Almeida Vitor Alexandre Rabelo de , Morgado Fabiane Frota da Rocha
Published: February 2024

Gramsci fez importantes reflexões sobre as adaptações psicofísicas dos sujeitos em meio às novas exigências do mercado. Analisou o desenvolvimento de uma nova forma de organização das bases materiais de produção e das relações sociais. O Fordismo/Taylorismo objetivou o aumento da produtividade na indústria, que ajudou na construção da hegemonia do capital. O objetivo deste texto é apresentar as adaptações psicofísicas dos sujeitos influenciadas pelo capitalismo, do Fordismo ao Toyotismo, e delinear resumidamente como o corpo é tratado nas aulas de Educação Física e na escola. Conceitua preliminarmente a teoria gramsciana, tece considerações sobre as adaptações psicofísicas nos modelos de desenvolvimento e apresenta as implicações corporais dos indivíduos e suas relações cotidianas na escola. Conclui-se que contextualizar as práticas corporais na Educação Física requer maior profundidade. Por meio da compreensão dialética, os(as) alunos(as) podem desenvolver uma perspectiva crítica sobre as adaptações psicofísicas impostas pelo capitalismo e seus ideais corporais.
Resiliência, engajamento e redes de apoio e amizade na área da saúde
Authors: Avelar Aline Bento Ambrósio , Farina Milton Carlos
Published: February 2024

Estudantes de enfermagem e da área da saúde podem adquirir a capacidade de lidar com sucesso na adversidade, e a interação entre eles resulta em redes de aprendizagem. O objetivo desta pesquisa é analisar as diferenças entre as medidas de centralidade, a partir da análise de redes sociais, do engajamento e da resiliência dos estudantes nos anos do curso. A pesquisa quantitativa e descritiva possibilitou a análise das redes de apoio e de amizade e do grau de resiliência e engajamento dos estudantes além da identificação da forma como os estudantes trocam informações acadêmicas e de amizade. Constatou-se que não há diferença nas medidas de engajamento e resiliência de estudantes de diferentes anos do curso de enfermagem, exceto para a dimensão absorção, e que existe uma relação entre a interação dos estudantes com o engajamento e a resiliência nos primeiros anos do curso de enfermagem. Os resultados podem ser aplicados às estratégias educativas e no ambiente de trabalho dos profissionais da saúde.
A Simple Score for Predicting Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation in Patients
with Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source in a Tunisian Cohort Study
Authors: Ben Amor Sana , Achour Assil , Elhraiech Aymen , Jarrar Emna , Ghali Hela , Ameur Ons Ben , Amara Nesrine , Hassine Anis , Saied Houyem , Neffati Eleys , Smadja Didier
Published: February 2024

Background:

The annualized recurrent stroke rate in patients with Embolic Stroke of
Undetermined Source (ESUS) under antiplatelet therapy is around 4.5%. Only a fraction of these
patients will develop atrial fibrillation (FA), to which a stroke can be attributed retrospectively.
The challenge is to identify patients at risk of occult AF during follow-up.

Objectives:

This work aims to determine clinical factors and electrocardiographic and ultrasound
parameters that can predict occult AF in patients with ESUS and build a simple predictive score
applicable worldwide.

Methods:

This is a single-center, registry-based retrospective study conducted at the stroke unit
of Sahloul University Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia, between January 2016 and December 2020.
Consecutive patients meeting ESUS criteria were monitored for a minimum of one year, with a
standardized follow-up consisting of outpatient visits, including ECG every three months and a
new 24-hour Holter monitoring in case of palpitations. We performed multivariate stepwise regression
to identify predictors of new paroxysmal AF among initial clinical, electrocardiographic
(ECG and 24-hour Holter monitoring) and echocardiographic parameters. The coefficient of
each independent covariate of the fitted multivariable model was used to generate an integerbased
point-scoring system.

Results:

Three hundred patients met the criteria for ESUS. Among them, 42 (14%) patients
showed at least one episode of paroxysmal AF during a median follow-up of two years. In univariate
analysis, age, gender, coronary artery disease, history of ischemic stroke, higher NIHSS
at admission and lower NIHSS at discharge, abnormal P-wave axis, prolonged P-wave duration,
premature atrial contractions (PAC) frequency of more than 500/24 hours, and left atrial (LA)
mean area of more than 20 cm2 were associated with the risk of occurrence of paroxysmal AF.
We proposed an AF predictive score based on (1.771 x NIHSS score at admission) + (10.015 x
P-wave dispersion; coded 1 if yes and 0 if no) + (9.841x PAC class; coded 1 if ≥500 and 0 if no)
+ (9.828x LA class surface; coded 1 if ≥20 and 0 if no) + (0.548xNIHSS score at discharge) +
0.004. A score of ≥33 had a sensitivity of 76% and a specificity of 93%.

Conclusion:

In this cohort of patients with ESUS, NIHSS at both admission and discharge, Pwave
dispersion, PAC≥500/24h on a 24-hour Holter monitoring, and LA surface area≥20 cm2
provide a simple AF predictive score with very reasonable sensitivity and specificity and is applicable
almost worldwide. An external validation of this score is ongoing.
Status and Prospects of Research on Deep Learning-based De Novo Generation of Drug Molecules
Authors: Shi Huanghao , Wang Zhichao , Zhou Litao , Xu Zhiwang , Xie Liangxu , Kong Ren , Chang Shan
Published: February 2024

Traditional molecular de novo generation methods, such as evolutionary algorithms,
generate new molecules mainly by linking existing atomic building blocks. The challenging
issues in these methods include difficulty in synthesis, failure to achieve desired properties, and
structural optimization requirements. Advances in deep learning offer new ideas for rational and
robust de novo drug design. Deep learning, a branch of machine learning, is more efficient than
traditional methods for processing problems, such as speech, image, and translation. This study
provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of research in de novo drug design
based on deep learning and identifies key areas for further development. Deep learning-based de
novo drug design is pivotal in four key dimensions. Molecular databases form the basis for
model training, while effective molecular representations impact model performance. Common
DL models (GANs, RNNs, VAEs, CNNs, DMs) generate drug molecules with desired properties.
The evaluation metrics guide research directions by determining the quality and applicability
of generated molecules. This abstract highlights the foundational aspects of DL-based de
novo drug design, offering a concise overview of its multifaceted contributions. Consequently,
deep learning in de novo molecule generation has attracted more attention from academics and
industry. As a result, many deep learning-based de novo molecule generation types have been
actively proposed.
Role of Nanoformulations in the Treatment of Lung Cancer
Authors: Pandey Parijat , Nautiyal Gunjan , Purohit Deepika , lata Sneh , Kumar Virender , Makhija Manish , Manchanda Deeksha , Minocha Neha , Kumar Sunil , Kaushik Deepak
Published: February 2024

Lung cancer is the second deadliest disease in the world. A major portion of deaths related to cancer are due to lung cancer in both males and females. Interestingly, unbelievable advances
have occurred in recent years through the use of nanotechnology and development in both the diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer. Due to their in vivo stability, the nanotechnology-based pharmacological system gained huge attractiveness, solubility, absorption from the intestine, pharmacological effectiveness, etc. of various anticancer agents. However, this field needs to be utilized more to
get maximum results in the treatment of lung cancer, along with wider context medicines. In the
present review, authors have tried to concentrate their attention on lung cancer`s difficulties along
with the current pharmacological and diagnostic situation, and current advancements in approaches
based on nanotechnology for the treatment and diagnosis of lung cancer. While nanotechnology offers these promising avenues for lung cancer diagnosis and treatment, it is important to acknowledge
the need for careful evaluation of safety, efficacy, and regulatory approval. With continued research
and development, nanotechnology holds tremendous potential to revolutionize the management of
lung cancer and improve patient outcomes. The review also highlights the involvement of endocrine
systems, especially estrogen in lung cancer proliferation. Some of the recent clinical trials and patents on nanoparticle-based formulations that have applications in the treatment and diagnosis of
lung cancer are also discussed.
Nrf2 Mediates Effect of Resveratrol in Ischemia-reperfusion Injury
Authors: Pourbagher-Shahri Ali Mohammad , Farkhondeh Tahereh , Jafari-Nozad Amir Masoud , Darroudi Majid , Naseri Kobra , Amirian Masoumeh , Samarghandian Saeed
Published: February 2024

Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury (IRI) is a paradoxical phenomenon where removing the source of injury can cause additional damage. Ischemia
reduces ATP production and intracellular pH, reducing oxidative reactions, increasing lactic acid release, and activating anaerobic metabolism.
Reperfusion restores aerobic respiration and increases ROS production, leading to malfunction of transmembrane transport, activation of proteases,
DNA dissolution, and protein denaturation, leading to apoptotic cell death. Nrf2 is a transcription factor that regulates cellular inflammation and
oxidative responses. It is activated by oxidants and electrophiles and enhances detoxifying enzyme expression, maintaining redox homeostasis. It
also activates ARE, which activates several ARE-regulated genes that favor cell survival by exhibiting resistance to oxidants and electrophiles.
Nrf2 regulates the antioxidant defense system by producing phase II and antioxidant defense enzymes, including HO-1, NQO-1, gglutamylcysteine
synthetase, and rate-limiting enzymes for glutathione synthesis. Nrf2 protects mitochondria from damage and supports
mitochondrial function in stress conditions. Resveratrol is a stilbene-based compound with a wide variety of health benefits for humans, including
antioxidant, anticarcinogenic, antitumor, and estrogenic/antiestrogenic. Resveratrol protects against IRI through several signaling pathways,
including the Nrf2/ARE pathway. Here, we review the studies that investigated the mechanisms of resveratrol protection against IRI through
modulation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway.
Sanguinarine Attenuates Lung Cancer Progression via Oxidative Stress-induced
Cell Apoptosis
Authors: Ullah Asmat , Razzaq Anum , Alfaifi Mohammad Y. , Elbehairi Serag Eldin I. , Menaa Farid , Ullah Najeeb , Shehzadi Somia , Nawaz Touseef , Iqbal Haroon
Published: February 2024

Background::

Lung cancer (LC) incidence is rising globally and is reflected as a leading cause of cancer-associated deaths. Lung cancer leads to multistage
carcinogenesis with gradually increasing genetic and epigenetic changes.

Aims::

Sanguinarine (sang) mediated the anticancer effect in LCC lines by involving the stimulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), impeding Bcl2,
and enhancing Bax and other apoptosis-associated protein Caspase-3, -9, and -PARP, subsequently inhibiting the LC invasion and migration.

Objective::

This study was conducted to investigate the apoptotic rate and mechanism of Sang in human LC cells (LCC) H522 and H1299.

Methods::

MTT assay to determine the IC50, cell morphology, and colony formation assay were carried out to show the sanguinarine effect on the LC cell
line. Moreover, scratch assay and transwell assay were performed to check the migration. Western blotting and qPCR were done to show its effects
on targeted proteins and genes. ELISA was performed to show the VEGF effect after Sanguinarine treatment. Immunofluorescence was done to
check the interlocution of the targeted protein.

Results::

Sang significantly inhibited the growth of LCC lines in both time- and dose-dependent fashions. Flow cytometry examination and Annexin-V
labeling determined that Sang increased the apoptotic cell percentage. H522 and H1299 LCC lines treated with Sang showed distinctive
characteristics of apoptosis, including morphological changes and DNA fragmentation.

Conclusion::

Sang exhibited anticancer potential in LCC lines and could induce apoptosis and impede the invasion and migration of LCC, emerging as a
promising anticancer natural agent in lung cancer management.
Heart rate variability parameters and youth depression: Exploring the role of the high-frequency band (Preprint)
Authors: Fan Xiwang , Lai Chengcai , Shen Baoying , Li Bowei , Shen Ying , Xi Juzhe , Gao Yue , Gao Yue
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND

We try to explore the association between depression symptoms and HRV parameters in youth, due to the Heart rate variability (HRV) has emerged as a potential physiological indicator for depression.

OBJECTIVE

limited research has explored the association between HRV parameters and youth depression, a condition known for its challenging detection and diagnosis. This study aimed to investigate the potential correlation between depression symptoms and HRV parameters

METHODS

A total of 118 participants diagnosis with MDD and a healthy control group were recruited. HRV measurements were recorded using the Bodychecker, and an animal experiment was conducted to validate the clinical findings.

RESULTS

Our results showed a significant association between youth depression symptoms and the high-frequency (HF) band of HRV in both clinical and animal data.

CONCLUSIONS

These findings suggested the potential of the HF band as a screening tool for youth depression.
Minds and Machines: Impact of Emotional Intelligence on Investment Decisions with Mediating the Role of Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Rehman Muzzamil , Dhiman Dr. Babli , Cheema Gagandeep Singh
Published: February 2024

In the evolving landscape of financial decision-making, this study delves into the intricate relationships among Emotional Intelligence (EI), Artificial Intelligence (AI), and Investment Decisions (ID). By scrutinizing the direct influence of human emotional intelligence on investment choices and elucidating the mediating role of AI in this process, our research seeks to unravel the complex interplay between minds and machines. Through empirical analysis, we reveal that EI not only directly impacts ID but also exerts its influence indirectly through AI-mediated pathways. The findings underscore the pivotal role of emotional awareness in investor decision-making, augmented by the technological capabilities of AI. It suggests that most investors are influenced by the identified emotional intelligence when making investment decisions. Furthermore, AI substantially impacts investors' decision-making process when it comes to investing; nevertheless, AI partially mediates the relationship between emotional intelligence and investment decisions. This nuanced understanding provides valuable insights for financial practitioners, policymakers, and researchers, emphasizing the need for holistic strategies that integrate emotional and technological dimensions in navigating the intricacies of modern investment landscapes. As the synergy between human intuition and artificial intelligence becomes increasingly integral to financial decision-making, this study contributes to the ongoing discourse on the symbiotic relationship between minds and machines in investments.0
Lung cancer: “Epidemiology and risk factors”
Authors: Mazouzi C. , Kerboua E. , Benyahia R. , Ferrah N. , Aftis R.
Published: February 2024

Bronchopulmonary cancers are common cancers with a poor prognosis. It is the leading cause of death by cancer in Algeria and in the world. Behind this unfavorable prognosis hides numerous disparities according to age, sex, and exposure to risk factors, ranking 4th among incident cancers and developing countries including Algeria, all sexes combined. It ranks 2nd cancers in men and 3rd among women. Whatever the age observed, the incidence of this cancer is higher in men than in women, however the gap is narrowing to the detriment of the latter. The results of scientific research agree to relate trends in incidence and mortality rates to tobacco consumption, including passive smoking. Furthermore, other risk factors are mentioned such as exposure to asbestos in the workplace or to radon for the general population, or even genetic predisposition. However, the weight of these etiological and/or predisposing factors is in no way comparable to that of tobacco in the genesis of lung cancer and the resulting mortality. We provide a literature review in our article on the descriptive and analytical epidemiology of lung cancer.
Mensaje del Director de la Facultad de Medicina
Authors: Graue Wiechers Enrique
Published: February 2024

No tengo duda alguna de que la Facultad de Medicina de la UNAM es la más grande e importante del país. Lo es por su historia, no son poca cosa 433 años enseñando medicina; lo es por su participación activa, a lo largo de toda su historia, en la construcción del sistema de salud del país; lo es por sus aportaciones a la investigación y por haber generado, a través de sus profesores e investigadores, institutos de investigación de gran trascendencia nacional e internacional; lo es por sus aportaciones sociales, cuya mejor evidencia es el servicio social en medicina; lo es por el número de egresados con los que hemos ayudado a forjar nuestra nación; lo es por el número y la calidad de alumnos que tenemos y lo es también, por nuestras sedes clínicas y por la fuerza y vitalidad de nuestra planta docente.
Aspectos éticos de la investigación en educación médica
Authors: García Rillo Arturo
Published: February 2024

Objetivo: Analizar los aspectos fundamentales que promuevan la reflexión filosófica para comprender la ética inmersa en el proceso de investigación en educación médica. Punto originario de partida-arribo: A partir de la ética hermenéutica, se construye un esquema analítico con los siguientes elementos: punto de mira, dirección de la mirada y horizonte de la mira, lo que permite hacer converger la tradición médica, la tradición científica y las tendencias en educación médica. Horizonte de comprensión: Se identifica un esquema cognitivo-moral integrado por cuatro componentes: valores, decisión moral, virtudes y juicio moral. Estos se encuentran articulados y no se excluyen mutuamente, y permiten situar el análisis de los problemas éticos en situaciones concretas en las que se realizan los procesos de investigación educativa. Fusión de horizontes: El problema práctico de la aplicación de la reflexión filosófica a los casos concretos de investigación con problemas éticos, se resuelve mediante la rehabilitación del modelo de deliberación propuesto por Diego Gracia.

Conclusión: Comprender la investigación educativa como una praxis social que surge de la estadía del ser humano en el mundo de la vida, rehabilita la visión hermenéutica que acompaña tanto al docente, como al investigador y al médico, y posibilita la circunscripción de los aspectos éticos de la investigación en educación médica en un esquema cognitivo-moral que facilita la posibilidad de realizar un análisis deliberativo para determinar el curso de la acción ética en los procesos de investigación y que además, contribuye al fomento de la solidaridad entre los participantes de los procesos de investigación.
Edublog como estrategia para la motivación en la asignatura de Biología Celular y Tisular
Authors: García-Peláez María Isabel , Calderón-Monter Francisco , Ustarroz- Cano Martha Luz , Arteaga-Martínez Manuel , Fortoul van der Goes Teresa Imelda , Castell- Rodríguez Andrés Eliú , Varela Ruiz Margarita
Published: February 2024

Introducción: El problema de la deserción y reprobación en los estudiantes de la licenciatura de Medicina de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), ocurre con mayor frecuencia en el primer año de estudio. Las causas son múltiples y la literatura indica que una de ellas, es la estrecha relación entre la motivación y el aprendizaje. Los jóvenes son usuarios frecuentes de las nuevas tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TICs), elaborando modernas formas de interacción, estudio e investigación. Por ello, las instituciones educativas las están incorporando. El Edublog es un ambiente enriquecedor y motivador del aprendizaje a través de la presentación de información e imágenes didácticas, que se acompaña de un proceso tutorial orientador.Objetivo: Presentar el diseño instruccional del Edublog, “S.O.S. en Biología Celular y Tisular”, cuyo fin es favorecer la motivación para estudiar los contenidos de la asignatura de Biología Celular e Histología Médica, de los alumnos de la licenciatura de Medicina de la Facultad de Medicina de la UNAM.Método: Se siguieron cuatro fases de planificación del diseño instruccional propuestas por Prendes: diagnóstico, diseño, desarrollo y evaluación. El material didáctico incluyó preguntas con imágenes histológicas o esquemas, que permitieron al alumno la autoevaluación y autorregulación a través de los comentarios. Para la evaluación del Edublog se tuvo en cuenta las visitas, los comentarios y un grupo focal de alumnos.Resultados y conclusiones: El Edublog contó con más de 485 000 visitas. Se identificaron más de 2 012 comentarios. El análisis del grupo focal indicó que es una herramienta fácil de utilizar por los estudiantes, que les motivó y facilitó el aprendizaje. También a partir de sus sugerencias se detectaron elementos de mejora.
Marco conceptual en el proceso de investigación
Authors: Reidl-Martínez Lucy María
Published: February 2024

ResumenSe señala la importancia del marco conceptual que sustenta a la investigación, partiendo de la postura del investigador, por lo que se describen algunas características que favorecen el desarrollo de un buen estudio. Se sugiere realizar un análisis de la literatura existente sobre el tema que se investigará, tomando en cuenta diversas perspectivas: lo señalado por la(s) teoría(s) que pretenden explicar el problema, referidas a la educación, la enseñanza y el aprendizaje del tema, habilidad o competencia en cuestión; el diseño más adecuado para poner a prueba el modelo de enseñanza que se propone; la estrategia de evaluación del aprendizaje más adecuada al contenido y objetivos; y el análisis de los datos recabados que permitan aceptar o rechazar la(s) hipótesis establecidas en el estudio, que se pretende llevar a cabo. Se da una visión muy general del tipo de documentos que se deben revisar y el orden en que se debe hacer, para asegurar que se cuenta con la información suficiente y necesaria para desarrollar un buen proyecto de investigación. Se recomienda iniciar la búsqueda de lo más reciente a lo más antiguo, siempre y cuando sea necesario. Asimismo, ayuda al investigador a aclarar sus intenciones, a refinar su hipótesis, a establecer el tipo de relación que busca entre las variables de interés y ponerla a prueba de la mejor manera, asegurando tanto la calidad teórico-metodológica planteada, como la necesidad de responder a la pregunta de investigación que se plantea, en virtud de su importancia social y educativa, señalando que las fuentes pertinentes existen desde hace ya mucho tiempo.
La enseñanza de la comunicación en medicina
Authors: Petra-Micu Ileana María
Published: February 2024

ResumenA la comunicación se le considera como un proceso de comprensión y de compartir el significado de algo, es el elemento básico de la interacción humana que permite a las personas establecer, mantener y mejorar el contacto con otros,  así como participar en el conocimiento de uno mismo. Simultáneamente es vista como una habilidad, y al mismo tiempo una forma de mostrar la personalidad dentro de una relación. En el campo de las ciencias de la salud, la comunicación es vista como una competencia nuclear para dilucidar los síntomas del paciente, sus problemas y preocupaciones y se sabe que facilita la promoción de la salud y el apego al tratamiento; siendo indispensable para unabuena relación, varios teóricos han tratado de enumerar las habilidades que se requiere para una comunicación efectiva también entre pares desde el pregrado hasta posgrado y durante el ejercicio de la profesión. Se debe considerar que la comunicación es una habilidad aprendida, compuesta por conductas verbales y no verbales que deberá ser desarrollada desde el primer año de la carrera hasta el posgrado. El desarrollo de estas habilidades incluye manejo de la comunicación oral, paraverbal, no verbal, escrita y el manejo de una escucha activa. Llevar a cabo una enseñanza adecuada de todas estas y otras áreas favorece el desarrollo de una comunicación efectiva y enriquece formación de médico, pudiéndose observar en su práctica profesional resultados como los siguientes: mayor satisfacción del paciente, mejora el apego al tratamiento, disminuye el riesgo de un error médico y mejora la satisfacción del médico.
La prueba de la hipótesis nula y sus alternativas: revisión de algunas críticas y su relevancia para las ciencias médicas
Authors: Leenen Iwin
Published: February 2024

ResumenLa prueba de significancia de la hipótesis nula constituye la herramienta más generalizada para evaluar hipótesis científicas y tomar decisiones al respecto, no sólo en las ciencias médicas y de la salud, sino también en la biología, la psicología, las ciencias políticas y otras ciencias sociales. Sin embargo, desde su introducción por Sir Ronald Fisher en 1925, la técnica ha sido objeto de un debate acalorado entre, por un lado, críticos que identifican varios problemas conceptuales y de interpretación y, por otro lado, defensores que se aferran a la idea de que (el uso correcto de) la técnica tiene un lugar insustituible en el arsenal de la estadística aplicada. Este ensayo revisa algunas de las críticas de este debate, ilustra su relevancia en el ámbito de la investigación en medicina y discute algunas recomendaciones como remedio o alternativa para la prueba de significancia.
El desarrollo y el sistema federal en México
Authors: Guillén López Tonatiuh
Published: February 2024

La Constitución Política de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos determina como base sustancial del Estado su integración federalista, de principio a fin, en todos los elementos de su composición y funciones. A partir del nombre mismo del país, como es evidente, quedó definida esa esencia en su integración y organización política: por un lado, reconociendo la soberanía de los estados de la Federación y, por el otro, afirmando la paralela existencia de un gobierno nacional. Ambas dimensiones, sus respectivas atribuciones y sus relaciones, institucionales y políticas, en conjunto componen la estructura del sistema federal mexicano.
Dos estructuras elementales para un nuevo curso de desarrollo
Authors: Arellano Almanza Saúl
Published: February 2024

Desde la década de 1980, de forma explícita, el conjunto de políticas sociales en México ha tenido dos propósitos centrales: i) erradicar la pobreza, y ii) reducir la marginación. Ninguno de los dos objetivos se ha cumplido. Lo anterior tiene como origen el predominio de una visión del desarrollo que ha puesto el énfasis en el ámbito de lo que Walzer (1999) denomina como “la igualdad simple” (enfocada a la construcción de capacidades y oportunidades), y no en la búsqueda de lo que el propio autor denomina como “igualdad compleja”, en la cual se tiene una perspectiva comunitarista, sustentada en la ruptura de los monopolios que se generan en torno a los bienes primarios de las sociedades.
El Sistema de Salud en México: Crisis y oportunidades
Authors: Ponce de León Rosales Samuel , Rodríguez Álvarez Mauricio
Published: February 2024

La salud universal es una aspiración global que busca que todas las personas en un país tengan acceso a servicios médicos esenciales sin importar su situación socioeconómica o nacionalidad. Promueve la equidad, mejora la salud pública, reduce la pobreza y contribuye al desarrollo socioeconómico de las naciones. En las últimas décadas, múltiples avances científicos han tenido un impacto favorable tanto a nivel de la salud individual como en la salud pública y han mejorado tanto la esperanza como la calidad de vida en diversas poblaciones.
Architecture of Narrative Writing in Saudi Novels Literature and Criticism
Authors: Mohammed AlMulla Arwa
Published: February 2024

Via a systematic and architectural narrative vision through which the narrative movement is trace, this research is about architecture of Saudi novels, denoting contextual patterns from the first threshold (title), symbols, signs, and icons, from the preface and chapters to the distribution of the black ink and areas, to the architecture of horizontal and vertical writing, and punctuation and pauses as well as the elements of advertising, presentation, and focalization. Saudi novels are classified into tense narrative architecture, empirical narrative architecture, and artistic narrative architecture. Keywords: novel, Saudi Arabia, narration, architecture, writing, focalization
Preliminary View on Journalistic and Intellectual Life of Mohammad Said (MS): A Discourse on Anti Colonial Struggle
Authors: Özay Mehmet , Agustono Budi
Published: February 2024

This work probes the life history and journalistic career of Mohammad Said (1905-1995) in a condensed manner, with much consideration on intensive insight into his personality and writings. In this regard, this study can be classified as an example of microsociology because it departs from the general approach of conventional historiography by absorbing facts concerning grand political events and episodes. He was a self-made intellectual who explored in his writings formidable historical events concerning the migrant workers (koeli kontrak) in North Sumatra, and the Dutch War in Aceh. In addition, it was also pertinent to construct a framework to explain his ideas on the development of nationalism, and the factors that led to independence in the following decades. During the early 20th century, nationalism, identity, and nation-state were a patchwork, and had cleavages in many people’s minds in the Archipelago. Nevertheless, new discourses were developed to gain political consciousness and power through the writings of young journalists and intellectuals like Mohammad Said (MS). The thoughts and actions of MS should be considered as representing the values of his time. In this regard, one can assert that—in a Hegelian way—his self-consciousness helped the readers to comprehend the ‘spirit of the time.’ This study carried some glimpses of the era of tense discussions of independence, and anti-colonial struggles through MS’s intellectual discourse. This approach, namely viewing past political developments through the prism of a social agent, is essential.
Jasser Auda (2021). Re-Envisioning Islamic Scholarship: Maqasid Methodology as a New Approach. UK: Claritas Books & Maqasid Institute. 282 Pages. [ISBN: 978-1-80011-977-2]
Authors: Subhani Zulqernain Haider
Published: February 2024

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Assessment of the Critical Period Hypothesis among Adult Fulbe Adamawa in the Traditional Way of Learning the Glorious Quran
Authors: Garba Malami Muhammad , Adnan Mohamad Azrien Mohamed , Zailani Muhammad Azhar
Published: February 2024

The CPH has been one of the key areas in Applied Linguistics and Second Language Acquisition (SLA). With the inconclusive debate on the matter among scholars and researchers, this paper attempts to investigate it among adult Fulbe Adamawa in the traditional way of learning the Glorious Qur’an. Data were collected using interview and reading test. Results showed that CPH was a reality. But contrary to the opinions of the mainstream researchers, the Qur’an maintains that human being denigrates mentally and physically as he grows with no specification to puberty period. Wrong methodology and CPH were identified as the barrier to nativism in learning the Qur’an among adult Fulbe Adamawa. Using L1 (Fulfulde) in teaching the Qur’an is not the best method. The study recommends the use of the best methodology which is teaching the Qur’an in the Arabic language and Arabic alphabets.
Godless Minds: Exploring The Rise and Influence of New Atheist Thinkers
Authors: Mohamad Fuad Mohamad Razif , Che Nordin Khairul Naim , Hamat Mohd. Fauzi , Qatawneh Mohammad Abdelhamid Salem
Published: February 2024

This study provides a concise history of New Atheism, highlighting its departure from traditional atheistic perspectives. The study identifies five defining features of New Atheism after exploring into the subtle differences. These include its recent emergence and widespread media coverage, the adoption of an outspokenly critical stance towards religion, the promotion of scientism and rationalism as intellectual pillars, and the advocacy for secularism in societal frameworks. Furthermore, the study unfolds with an in-depth examination of the movement's key figures, commonly known as "The Four Horsemen" - Sam Harris, Daniel Dennett, Christopher Hitchens, and Richard Dawkins. This study aims to improve the clarity of the ideological roots of New Atheism and its impact on contemporary debates about faith, reason, and secularism by examining their individual contributions.
Differential Immunoexpression of Inhibitory Immune Checkpoint Molecules and Clinicopathological Correlates in Keratoacanthoma, Primary Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Metastases
Authors: Lonsdorf Anke S. , Edelmann Dominic , Albrecht Thomas , Brobeil Alexander , Labrenz Jannik , Johanning Moritz , Schlenk Richard F. , Goeppert Benjamin , Enk Alexander H. , Toberer Ferdinand
Published: February 2024

Beyond established anti-programmed cell death protein 1/programmed cell death ligand 1 immunotherapy, T-cell immunoreceptor with immunoglobulin and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibition motif domain (TIGIT) and its ligand CD155 are promising novel inhibitory immune checkpoint targets in human malignancies. Yet, in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, evidence on the collective expression patterns of these inhibitory immune checkpoints is scarce. Complete tumour sections of 36 cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, 5 cutaneous metastases and 9 keratoacanthomas, a highly-differentiated, squamoproliferative tumour, with disparately benign biologic behaviour, were evaluated by immunohistochemistry for expression of programmed cell death ligand 1 (Tumor Proportion Score, Immune Cell Score), TIGIT, CD155 and CD8+ immune infiltrates. Unlike keratoacanthomas, cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma displayed a strong positive correlation of programmed cell death ligand 1 Tumor Proportion Score and CD115 expression (p < 0.001) with significantly higher programmed cell death ligand 1 Tumor Proportion Score (p < 0.001) and CD155 expression (p < 0.01) in poorly differentiated G3-cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma compared with keratoacanthomas. TIGIT+ infiltrates were significantly increased in programmed cell death ligand 1 Immune Cell Score positive primary tumours (p = 0.05). Yet, a strong positive correlation of TIGIT expression with CD8+ infiltrates was only detected in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (p < 0.01), but not keratoacanthomas. Providing a comprehensive overview on the collective landscape of inhibitory immune checkpoint expression, this study reveals associations of novel inhibitory immune checkpoint with CD8+ immune infiltrates and tumour differentiation and highlights the TIGIT/CD155 axis as a potential new target for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma immunotherapy.
Interdisciplinary pain rehabilitation for patients with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome and hypermobility spectrum disorders
Authors: Molander Peter , Novo Mehmed , Ringqvist Åsa , Hållstam Andrea , Hesser Hugo , Löfgren Monika , Stålnacke Britt-Marie , Gerdle Björn
Published: February 2024

Objective: Chronic pain is a common manifestation of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome and hypermobility spectrum disorders; thus it is often suggested that patients undergo generic interdisciplinary pain rehabilitation, despite there being little evidence to support this decision. The aim of this study is to examine the effectiveness of standard rehabilitation programmes for chronic pain on patients with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome and hypermobility spectrum disorders, compared with patients with other chronic pain disorders.
Subjects: Data, collected between 2008 and 2016, were extracted from a Swedish national registry. The patient data comprised of 406 cases with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome or hypermobility spectrum disorders, 784 cases with a whiplash-related diagnosis, 3713 cases with diagnoses relating to spinal pain, and 2880 cases of fibromyalgia.
Methods: The differences between groups on key outcome measures from pre- to 1-year follow-up after interdisciplinary pain rehabilitation were analysed using linear mixed effects models. Sensitivity analysis in the form of pattern-mixture modelling was conducted to discern the impact of missing data.
Results: No significant differences were found in improvements from pre- to 1-year follow-up for patients with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome or hypermobility spectrum disorder compared with other diagnostic groups regarding measures of health-related quality of life, mental health, or fatigue. At follow-up, differences in pain interference (d = –0.34 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] –0.5 to –0.18)), average pain (d = 0.22 (95% CI 0.11–0.62)) and physical functioning (d = 2.19 (95% CI 1.61–2.77)) were detected for the group with spinal-related diagnoses in relation to those with EDS/HSD, largely due to pre-treatment group differences. Sensitivity analysis found little evidence for missing data influencing the results.
Conclusion: This study suggests that patients with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome/hypermobility spectrum disorders may benefit from inclusion in an interdisciplinary pain rehabilitation programme.