bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PROBIOTIC CHARACTERIZATION OF BACILLUS SUBTILIS STRAIN ISOLATED FROM INFANT FECAL MATTER REVEALED BY 16S rRNA GENE AND PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS
Authors: DAS DEVARANJAN , RATH CHANDI CHARAN , MOHANTY NAKULANANDA , PANDA SMITA HASINI
Published: December 2021

Objective: The rationale of our study was to isolate and identify the putative probiotic strain from infant fecal matter exhibiting a broad range of antimicrobial activity and to analyze the effect of different culturing conditions on its probiotic properties and the production of antimicrobial metabolites.
Methods: In the present study, bacterial strains were screened for probiotic properties and antimicrobial activity from infant fecal matter (6 months–2 years). The effect of varying culture conditions such as tolerance to acid, bile salt, phenol, NaCl, pH, incubation period, and temperature along with autoaggregation assay, hydrophobicity, and hemolysis was studied. The characterization of the potent strain was studied by morphological, biochemical, and 16S rRNA gene sequencing along the phylogenetic affiliation of the strain was studied.
Results: Two putative probiotic bacteria (DAM and IFM) were isolated, identified, characterized, and predicted at pH 2.0, 3.0, and 4.0, the isolate IFM had 50%, 60%, and 70% survivability, while isolate DAM had 55%, 63%, and 75% survivability, respectively. At a bile salt concentration of 0.5%, both isolates had a 75% survival rate. The isolates exhibited a high percentage of hydrophobicity and autoaggregation. The isolates also had non-hemolytic activity and were susceptible to many clinical tested antibiotics (tetracycline, erythromycin, ampicillin, gentamycin, penicillin, etc.). The isolate showed antimicrobial activity against enteric pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Shigella dysenteriae. The accession number of Bacillus subtilis MT279753 and MK453362 was submitted to NCBI.
Conclusion: The result revealed that isolates have potent probiotic properties and possess a direct influence on the production of antimicrobial metabolites. These parameters can be modified for the improvement of the potentiality of the isolates.
STUDY OF HEPATOPROTECTIVE ACTIVITY OF STINGLESS BEE PROPOLIS AGAINTS TOXICITY OF DRUGS
Authors: MAHANI  , GREGORIUS A O B  , ENDAH WULANDARI  , AHMAD SULAEMAN  , HARDINSYAH  , NUNUNG NURJANAH
Published: December 2021

Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the effect of stingless bee propolis supplementation as a hepatoprotector on the prevention of DILI and the effect of healing and restoring nutrition for DILI patients due to drug induction.

Methods: The literature review starts from problem identification, library data collection, reading, taking notes, analyzing, and processing the data obtained and then compiling it into a systematic review

Results: The results of a literature study conducted show that propolis has a good hepatoprotective ability against drugs that cause DILI cases such as the anti-tuberculosis, antibiotic and antipyretic groups as indicated by the SGPT, SGOT, BT, GSH, and SOD values that are close to normal values. In addition, propolis supplementation can accelerate the healing and restoration of the nutritional status of DILI patients. All active compounds contained in propolis such as phytochemicals and lipopolysaccharides work to protect the liver from the toxic effects of DILI through antioxidant mechanisms.

Conclusion: Overall, the data from this literature study show that the hepatoprotective activity of propolis has the potential to complement drug therapy to reduce hepatotoxic effects and can conclusively beneficial to accelerate the restoration of nutritional status for DILI patients.
EFFICACY OF SUPPLEMENTATION OF PROBIOTICS ALONG WITH ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS IN VULVOVAGINAL INFECTIONS IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
Authors: PATIL DEEPA , S GEETHA , SHIVAMURTHY RAGHUPRASADA MALLADAR , N PATIL UMAKANT
Published: December 2021

Objectives: The objectives of the study were to ascertain the efficacy of probiotics along with antimicrobials in the treatment of vulvovaginitis and to evaluate the rate of recurrence.
Methods: The study was done on 60 patients who were randomly selected and divided into two groups of 30 each. Prior permission from the Institutional Ethics Committee and higher authorities was obtained before conducting the study. One group received standard treatment including antibacterial, antiviral, and antifungal as per the gynecologist discretion and in other group along with standard treatment, probiotic capsules containing combination of Saccharomyces boulardii, Lactobacillus sporogenes (50 million), Streptococcus faecalis (30 million), Clostridium butyricum (2 million), and Bacillus mesentericus (1 million) given orally twice daily and followed up for a period of 3 months. The drugs were started on the 5th day after menstruation taking starting of the bleeding as day 1.
Results: The parameters compared were symptoms and signs (significantly reduced – p-value), clue cells (significantly reduced in number), and recurrence rates (significantly reduced), in 80% of patients smears which were not consistent with BV. Maximum number of patients showed negative KOH mount (71.5%), saline wet mount was negative in 80% of patients in antimicrobial agents + probiotics group.
Conclusion: From the present interventional study, probiotics along with antimicrobial agents showed better improvement than antimicrobial agents alone. Hence, supplementation of probiotics along with antimicrobial agents provides better efficacy than antimicrobial agents alone in treating vulvovaginal infections.
OLEANOLIC ACID, A PROSPECTIVE PROTECTIVE AGENT AGAINST BRAIN ENERGY METABOLISM AND OXIDATIVE DYSFUNCTIONS FOLLOWING HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM EXPOSURE IN MICE
Authors: PAL SUDIPTA
Published: December 2021

Objective: Effect of oleanolic acid against hexavalent chromium-induced altered brain energy metabolism associated with oxidative stress was evaluated in the present study.
Methods: Swiss albino mice were divided into three groups, Control (n=6), chromium-treated (n=6), and oleanolic acid (OA) supplemented (n=6). The chromium treated group was orally administered with K2Cr2O7 for 30 days at a dose of 10 mg/kg b.w/day. OA supplementation was given at a dose of 5 mg/kg bw/day for the past 14 days of chromium treatment. Control group received the vehicle only. After the treatment, whole brain was removed for examining the parameters such as pyruvic acid, free amino nitrogen, tissue protein, TCA cycle enzyme activities, NADH dehydrogenase function, and oxidative stress markers.
Results: Significant decrease in cerebral pyruvic acid content associated with suppressed malate dehydrogenase and succinate dehydrogenase activities were observed. The NADH dehydrogenase activity was inhibited owing to enhanced accumulation of chromium in cerebral tissue. Depletion of proteins and increased free amino acid nitrogen were accompanied with inhibited cathepsin, pronase and trypsin activities, and increased transaminase function. In addition, GSH content was decreased along with increased lipid peroxidation, oxidized GSSG content, TG/GSSG ratio, carbonylated protein content, and tissue free hydroxyl radical formation. Superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione reductase, and glutathione peroxidase were also inhibited by hexavalent chromium. Oleanolic acid supplementation was found to have significant protective effect against brain metabolic and oxidative dysfunctions.
Conclusion: The present study elucidated therapeutic efficacy of oleanolic acid against hexavalent chromium toxicity in brain tissue of mice.
A PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY ON MEDICATION USE PATTERN IN PATIENTS WITH RISK FACTORS OF CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE
Authors: ALI AVEZ , KUMAR PAWAN , ANSARI JAVED AKHTAR , FATIMA MEENAZ , IRRUM FIRDOUS
Published: December 2021

Objectives: The current study was undertaken to review and assess the medication usage pattern in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).
Methods: A 12-month prospective observational study was carried out at Shadan Teaching and General Hospital, Peerancheru (Hyderabad), involving 384 CKD patients considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Medication evaluation for optimization was done using the World Health Organization (WHO) core prescribing indicators. Data collected were entered using Microsoft Excel. Descriptive statistics such as mean, percentage, and standard deviation (SD) were used to present sociodemographic characteristics of the study participants.
Results: Out of the total of 384 patients, 249 (65%) were male and 135 (35%) were female with a mean age of 58.28 (SD: 13.12). A total of 384 prescriptions were scrutinized with a total of 3634 drugs, out of which drugs acting on the cardiovascular system were the most prescribed drugs (36.37%). The average number of drugs per prescription was found to be 9.08 considering the total number of prescriptions. The percentage of drugs prescribed by generic name was 15.57%. The percentage of encounters with antibiotics was 25%, whereas the percentage of encounters with injections was 86%. The percentage of drugs prescribed from the Essential Drug List or Formulary was found to be 26.36%.
Conclusion: Assessment of medication usage patterns using the WHO core indicators in CKD patients helps to reinforce the current hospital guidelines for the optimal usage of medications. The introduction of a clinical pharmacist along with a multidisciplinary team provides intensive care to the patients and helps to improve the clinical outcome.
Oligomeric approach to 2D materials modeling
Authors: Fomine Serguei , Vallejo Narváez Wilmer Esteban , Vera de la Garza César Gabriel , Solís Rodríguez Luis Daniel
Published: December 2021

Oligomeric approach has been originally developed to study electronic properties of conjugated polymers. This approach allows to access electronic properties of 1D systems otherwise difficult to calculate. We successfully extended this method to study electronic properties of 2D materials. In this review we summarize our recent work in this area. It has been established that large graphene nanoflake possess multiconfigurational singlet or even high spin ground state. Doping of 2D systems has also been explored and it has been demonstrated that doping allows to tune their electronic properties, including ionization potentials, electron affinities, reorganization energies and the very nature of the ground state. The electronic properties of novel 2D allotropies of carbon, phosphorus, germanium and silicon have been studied as well as their complexes with Li. Heterostructures, of different 2D allotropies are readily formed. This is an alternative method for tuning of their electronic properties.
Democracia, totalitarismo y progreso en El cuento de la criada: ¿un nostálgico cuento acerca de la esperanza?
Authors: Yona Yael Valentina
Published: December 2021

En este artículo abordo la serie televisiva The Handmaid’s Tale —creada por Bruce Miller y basada en la novela de Margaret Atwood— a fin de mostrar su potencia crítica de las narrativas del progreso para advertir la fragilidad de nuestras democracias y —como sostiene Giorgio Agamben— su contigüidad con los totalitarismos. Empero, asimismo examino la forma en que la tercera temporada pareciera aplacar las mencionadas críticas a través del desarrollo de lo que Fredric Jameson denomina nostalgia del presente. Igualmente, siguiendo a Mariela Solana, investigo de qué sentidos políticos se cargan la esperanza y la nostalgia en tanto afectos cuyos significados no es posible establecer a priori. Finalmente, sostengo que en la serie existe una convivencia extraña y perversa de dos modos de entender la nostalgia que hacen estallar la dicotomía entre deseos que —según Sara Ahmed— nos redireccionan hacia formas sociales donde ya se han depositado las esperanzas y deseos de cambio radical.
Nahui Olin: el cuerpo en el verso. La escritura libre de Carmen Mondragón Valseca
Authors: Narváez M. Carolina
Published: December 2021

Este ensayo muestra la importancia de la labor literaria desarrollada por Carmen Mondragón Valseca, conocida como Nahui Olin a mediados del siglo XX en México. La vida y la obra literaria de esta escritora muestran una extraordinaria autenticidad en la que su cuerpo es fuente inagotable de conocimiento y expresión de libertad. En el contexto en que la escritura de Nahui Olin se desarrolló, también se hacían visibles la vanguardia y los planteamientos del México moderno. La autora respondió a estas transformaciones con un ejercicio literario apasionado y sincero. Carmen Mondragón escapó de las miradas explicativas de la ciencia psiquiátrica; sin embargo, el apelativo de ninfómana parece haberla alcanzado. El poemario, Óptica Cerebral. Poemas dinámicos (1922) sirve aquí como puente para acercarnos a unos versos en donde se puede reconocer la voz de una mujer que encontró en la escritura la forma de comunicarse y comprender el misterio de lo infinito.
Editorial
Authors: Vásquez Harold
Published: December 2021

No precisa de un resumen.
Impacto de corto y mediano plazo del COVID-19 en la economía dominicana: un análisis de oferta y demanda agregada
Authors: Cruz-Rodríguez Alexis
Published: December 2021

El objetivo del presente trabajo es ilustrar el impacto económico de la pandemia COVID-19 en la economía dominicana. Para ello, se desarrolla un modelo de OA y DA, para el mediano plazo, y un modelo IS-RM para el corto plazo, dentro del marco de la nueva economía keynesiana con la política monetaria siguiendo una regla de Taylor y la oferta agregada se modela a partir de la curva de Phillips. El análisis indica que, tanto en el corto como en el mediano plazo, el impacto del coronavirus se traduce en pérdidas en el nivel de producción, mayores niveles de desempleo y depreciación del tipo de cambio real. Las expectativas de los consumidores y de los empresarios juegan un papel importante.
Anomaly based Intrusion Detection using Neural Networks in 5G Network
Authors: Prashanth Thota Guna Durga
Published: December 2021

Abstract: Ensuring the organizations of tomorrow is set to be a difficult space due to expanding digital protection dangers and enlarging assault surfaces made by the Internet of Things (IoT), expanded organization heterogeneity, expanded utilization of virtualisation innovations and circulated structures. This paper proposes SDS (Software Defined Security) which is a method gives mechanized, adaptable and versatile framework. SDS will tackle momentum progresses in AI to plan a CNN (Convolutional Neural Network) utilizing NAS (Neural Architecture Search) to distinguish irregular organization traffic. SDS can be applied to an interruption location framework to make a more proactive and start to finish protection for a 5G organization. To test this presumption, ordinary and irregular organization streams from a mimicked climate have been gathered and examined with a CNN. The outcomes from this strategy are promising as the model has recognized harmless traffic with a 100% exactness rate and irregular traffic with a 96.4% identification rate. This exhibits the viability of organization stream investigation for an assortment of normal pernicious assaults and furthermore gives a suitable alternative to discovery of encoded vindictive organization traffic. Keywords: 5G Security, IoT Security, Automated Intrusion Detection Systems, Convolutional Neural Networks, Artificial Intelligence, Software Defined Security
A Review on Agriculture Crop Prediction Techniques Using Machine Learning
Authors: Hina Firdous
Published: December 2021

Abstract: Machine learning is a useful decision-making tool for predicting crop yields, as well as for deciding what crops to plant and what to do during the crop's growth season. To aid agricultural yield prediction studies, a number of machine learning techniques have been used. We employed a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) to extract and synthesize the algorithms and features used in crop production prediction research in this investigation This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the most recent machine learning applications in agriculture, with a focus on pre-harvesting, harvesting, and post-harvesting issues The papers have been studied in depth, analysed the methodology and features employed, and made recommendations for future study. Temperature, rainfall, and soil type are the most commonly utilised features, according to our data, while Artificial Neural Networks are the most commonly employed method in these models.
Differential Privacy Preserving in Big data Analytics for Body Area Networks
Authors: Shankar Adam Gowri
Published: December 2021

Abstract: Body Area Networks (BANs), collects enormous data by wearable sensors which contain sensitive information such as physical condition, location information, and so on, which needs protection. Preservation of privacy in big data has emerged as an absolute prerequisite for exchanging private data in terms of data analysis, validation, and publishing. Previous methods and traditional methods like k-anonymity and other anonymization techniques have overlooked privacy protection issues resulting to privacy infringement. In this work, a differential privacy protection scheme for ‘big data in body area network’ is developed. Compared with previous methods, the proposed privacy protection scheme is best in terms of availability and reliability. Exploratory results demonstrate that, even when the attacker has full background knowledge, the proposed scheme can still provide enough interference to big sensitive data so as to preserve the privacy. Keywords: BAN’s, Privacy, Differential Privacy, Noisy response
THE VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY OF INSTRUMENTS FOR MEASURING ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS' EARLY MATHEMATICAL ABILITY
Authors: Yuliyanto Aan , Turmudi Turmudi , Syaodih Ernawulan , Saputra Dadan Rusdiana , Dharmawan Arie , Pertiwi Cahya Karisma
Published: December 2021

Teachers need to understand students' early mathematical abilities before continuing learning on the next topic to retain the knowledge. This study aims to produce appropriate and reliable instruments for quality research related to early mathematical abilities. This research implemented R&D. The subjects were 113 sixth-grade students of the elementary school in Karawang. The instrument used was a test to measure early mathematical ability. Validity and reliability tests indicated that the five initial mathematical ability test items were considered valid, with r count > r table and p-value <0.05. The Cronbach's Alpha value was 0.875 (above 0.8 or high reliability). Thus, the five items of the early mathematical ability instrument on the volume of cubes and rectangular prisms can be used for further research to measure the same variables accurately. The results are not significantly different for the same subject even though the time and place are different.
COPING STRATEGIES OF HUSBAND VIOLENCE AGAINST WIVES: A LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Ximenes dos Reis Dulce Elda
Published: December 2021

Violence is a major societal problem around the world violence, against women includes domestic violence which is usually the wife who is the victim, as the results of WHO (2012) study of more than 24,000 women in 10 countries, from various cultures, geographies and urban / rural areas. Research in 50 countries, shows that between 10 - 60% of women who have been married or partnered have experienced physical violence from their partners. This research method uses a literature review analysis research technique. The results of the systematic review conducted by the author contained 40 journals and then selected by the authors, only 4 journals were retained by the authors. The results of the journal analysis show that the majority of women victims of domestic violence use PFC that is tailored to existing problems, namely seeking assistance from formal and non-formal institutions to help them overcome the problems they experience.
Severe Posterior Infra-occlusion on a Young Girl Posing a Diagnostic Challenge- Review and Report of a Case of Primary Failure of Eruption
Authors: Awad Mirna , Dalbah Lana , Srirengalakshmi M , Venugopal Adith , Vaid Nikhilesh
Published: December 2021

Primary failure of eruption is characterized by a non-syndromic eruption
failure of permanent teeth in the absence of any mechanical obstruction.
Applying orthodontic traction to teeth affected by PFE will not be
successful and may cause ankylosis. This correspondence reviews and
demonstrates the treatment of a case of PFE.
Quasilinear Choquard equations involving N-Laplacian and critical exponential nonlinearity
Authors: konijeti sreenadh , Goyal Sarika , Biswas Reshmi
Published: December 2021

In the present paper, we study a class of quasilinear Choquard equations
involving N-Laplacian and the nonlinearity with the critical exponential
growth. We discuss the existence of positive solutions of such
equations.
Plastics degradation by hydrolytic enzymes: the Plastics-Active Enzymes Database - PAZy
Authors: Buchholz Patrick , Zhang Hongli , Perez-Garcia Pablo , Nover Lena-Luisa , Chow Jennifer , Streit Wolfgang R , Pleiss Juergen
Published: December 2021

Petroleum based plastics are durable and accumulate in all ecological
niches. Knowledge on enzymatic degradation is sparse. Today, less than
50 verified plastics-active enzymes are known. First examples of enzymes
acting on the polymers polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyurethane
(PUR) have been reported together with a detailed biochemical and
structural description. Further, very few polyamide (PA) oligomer active
enzymes are known. In this paper, the current known enzymes acting on
the synthetic polymers PET and PUR are briefly summarized, their
published activity data were collected and integrated into a
comprehensive open access database. The Plastics-Active Enzymes Database
(PAZy) represents an inventory of known and experimentally verified
plastics-active enzymes. Almost 3000 homologues of PET-active enzymes
were identified by profile hidden Markov models. Over 2000 homologues of
PUR-active enzymes were identified by BLAST. Based on multiple sequence
alignments, conservation analysis identified the most conserved amino
acids, and sequence motifs for PET- and PUR-active enzymes were derived.
Smac/DIABLO can predict postoperative delirium in elderly patients after cardiac surgery : A prospective nested case-control study
Authors: Ding Xin , Li Zeping , Lei Lei , Ji Muhuo , Yang Jianjun
Published: December 2021

Background：Postoperative delirium (POD) is a common
complication following cardiac surgery. Mitochondrial injury,
demonstrated by excessively activated oxidative stress and regulating
cell apoptosis, has been reported to contribute to POD.
[Mitophagy](https://www.geenmedical.com/article?id=34752757&type=true),
apoptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis had been known to play a critical
role in degenerative nervous system diseases. However, the serum change
of Smac/DIABLO in POD induced by cardiac surgery/anesthesia is still
undetermined. We designed the study to determine the expression level of
SMAC/DIABLO in POD patients. Methods：A nested case-control
study was performed, including 21 POD patients and a matched group of 63
non-POD controls.
Policeman for the World: The Impact of Extraterritorial FCPA Enforcement on Foreign Investment and Internal Controls
Authors: Christensen Hans B. , Maffett Mark G. , Rauter Thomas
Published: December 2021

We show that a mid-2000s increase in extraterritorial enforcement of the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA), characterized by greater international regulatory cooperation and more frequent use of the FCPA's accounting provisions, has a significant deterrent effect on foreign direct investment in high-corruption-risk countries. The decrease in investment is at least as large for non-U.S. as for U.S. firms, suggesting that widespread extraterritorial enforcement helps to create a level foreign investment playing field. Firms under U.S. jurisdiction with fundamental characteristics that make it more difficult to maintain effective internal controls invest less in high-corruption-risk countries after the FCPA enforcement increase, suggesting regulatory compliance costs play a role in deterring investment. Consistent with investments in accounting systems being one way, firms limit enforcement risk when investing in high-corruption-risk countries, firms pursuing new investments spend more time evaluating potential targets, and firms with existing investments report fewer restatements related to unintentional errors.

JEL Classifications: F50; F60; K2; M4; O1.
On Crosses, Shrines, and Cholera Cemeteries in the Parishes of Mierzyn and Rozprza, Łódzkie Voivodeship (Poland)
Authors: Baranowska Maria
Published: December 2021

The aim of this paper is to illustrate the material remains of epidemics that affected two parishes in the centre of Poland in the 18th and 19th centuries. The paper will present the preliminary results of research in archives (metrical books) compared with both the accounts of descendants of families who died as a result of the epidemics and prospecting with non-invasive methods (LIDAR).
A Rare Find: a 19th Century Song about Cholera in Slovenia and Its Interpretation
Authors: Ramšak Mojca
Published: December 2021

The accidental discovery of an 1847 manuscript in the Local History and Special Collections Department at Maribor University Library in Slovenia (shelfmark: Kreps, 1847; UKM Ms 563), which contains, among other things, a song about cholera, was the basis for its contextual interpretation and comparison with related recorded songs. This new discovery is important because the song refers to the first wave of cholera on Slovene territory in 1836, whereas other songs describing the disease were written later. The text of the song resembles a collection of frightening news about the disease circulating among the people. The questions of whether the information in the song is real or fictional, genuine or exaggerated are discussed in light of the memory of cholera outbreaks found in other songs of the same genre and historical data.
Ancient Brimmed Helmets as Introduction to Medieval Kettle Hats?
Authors: Gosk Daniel
Published: December 2021

In many publications about arms and armour it is argued that kettle hats were known in antiquity or are derived from ancient helmets. This thesis led to the publication of European Armour circa 1066 to circa 1700 by Cloude Blair, published in 1958. This article aims to argue with Blair’s thesis by tracing the history of ancient brimmed helmets, showing that brimmed helmets were used from the 7th century BC to the first century AD in many regions and by many troop formations. However, these ancient brimmed helmets disappeared from battlefields at the beginning of the 2nd century AD, whereas the first sources concerning medieval brimmed helmets appear many centuries later, in the 11th century. Because of this issue of discontinuity, medieval ‘iron hats’ and ‘kettle hats’ cannot be identified with ancient forms they are associated with through the brim shape only; ancient helmets are distinct in their provenance and names.
Alterações na pragmática de crianças falantes de português brasileiro com diagnóstico de transtorno do espectro autista
Authors: Botura Camila , Machado Daiane Oliveira , Marinho Ana Carolina de Oliveira , Almeida Alexandre do Nascimento , Ribas Letícia Pacheco
Published: December 2021

Introdução: A pragmática é caracterizada pelo uso social da linguagem. O Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA) é um transtorno invasivo do desenvolvimento que afeta as habilidades sociais e comunicativas. Existe, então, um senso comum de que as crianças com TEA possuem alterações nas habilidades pragmáticas. Objetivo: Verificar a existência de alterações nas habilidades pragmáticas de crianças falantes de Português Brasileiro (PB) diagnosticadas com TEA. Método: Buscas de pesquisas sem restrição de período em várias bases de dados, em que os critérios de inclusão foram: crianças, diagnóstico de TEA, falantes de PB, estudos observacionais e experimentais, aquisição dos domínios linguísticos. Estudos que não abordassem o desenvolvimento da pragmática foram excluídos. Foram realizadas as seguintes etapas: descrição dos principais resultados, leitura crítica envolvendo a Iniciativa STROBE e análise de metodologia utilizando o Sistema GRADE. Resultados: Nove pesquisas foram selecionadas para síntese do trabalho. De todas, duas não encontraram alterações nas habilidades pragmáticas de crianças com TEA. As alterações apresentadas nos resultados das demais pesquisas foram heterogêneas. Conclusão: A diversidade de metodologias impossibilita conclusões precisas ao final desta revisão. Fica evidente a necessidade de um protocolo de referência e com padronização na aplicação, para que estudos possam ser comparados e reproduzidos.
(Re)violências socialmente infligidas a meninos sexualmente abusados por mulheres
Authors: Lessa Camila Bahia , Mayor Andréa Soutto
Published: December 2021

No Brasil, foram reportados aproximadamente 776 casos de abuso sexual infantil (ASI) contra crianças e adolescentes do sexo masculino perpetrado por abusadoras femininas entre 2011 e 2017 (Brasil, 2018). Diversos estudos demonstram evidências de um processo particular na experiência do ASI de meninos, que entravam seu processo de revelação, tornando-o altamente subnotificada. Este artigo pretendeu capturar reações ao ASI de meninos quando cometido por mulheres, pela análise de conteúdo de 292 comentários em reportagens de domínio público que noticiaram casos reais dessa violência. Os resultados demonstraram preponderância do não reconhecimento das práticas sexuais entre mulheres adultas e meninos como abuso (81,5%), contendo ataques depreciativos aos jovens, declarações de impossibilidade de vitimização destes, referências positivas à experiência, entre outras que banalizam a questão. Os múltiplos ataques virtuais registrados e a descaracterização dos casos como abusivos sugerem um processo de (re)vitimização socialmente infligida aos meninos sexualmente violentados, acarretando possíveis danos psicológicos secundários e reforçando estigmas e a subnotificação dessa violência.
THE WAY TO TIBET: RELIGIOUS SONGS OF THE KALMYKS AND THE REALITIES OF TRAVEL
Authors: Бакаева Эльза Петровна
Published: December 2021

В статье анализируются калмыцкие народные песни о паломничестве в Тибет на примере текстов «Зу гидг һазр» ‘Страна, называемая Тибет’, «Алта гидг һазрас» ‘Из местности, называемой Алтай’. На основе сравнительного исследования разновременных записей песни «Зу гидг һазр» (1897 г., 1903 г., а также записи конца XX в.) и сопоставления с историческими данными о посольствах и паломничествах в Тибет и вариантами преданий о Джиджетен-ламе сделан вывод о том, что религиозная песня посвящена паломническому посольству хана Дондук-Даши (1755‒1757 гг.) и в ней отражены сведения о пути в Тибет через Монголию и Кукунор. Анализ песни «Алта гидг һазрас» и данных наиболее полного текста песни «Зу гидг һазр» в записи Г. Й. Рамстедта позволил сделать вывод о том, что в них отражены сведения о двух основных путях в Тибет. Архивные и литературные материалы о паломничествах в Тибет свидетельствуют, что в XVII в., когда территория формирующегося Калмыцкого ханства была подвижной, к святыням Лхасы, называвшейся калмыками «Зу», отправлялись по традиционному пути через территории расселения ойратов — «из местности, называемой Алтай». С начала XVIII в. по ряду причин путь в Тибет пролегал через Монголию и Кукунор. И лишь в начале XX в. вновь был освоен путь в Тибет, бывший традиционным для их предков, который теперь назывался «новым».

The article analyzes the Kalmyk folk songs about the pilgrimage to Tibet through the example of the texts titled “Zu gidg gazr” (“The Country Called Tibet”), “Alta gidg gazras” (“From the Land Called Altai”). The comparative study of records of the song “Zu gidg gazr” of different times (1897, 1903, late 20th century) and insights into historical data and versions of legends about Jijeten Lama conclude that the religious song is dedicated to the pilgrimage embassy of Khan Donduk-Dashi (1755‒1757) and contains information about the way to Tibet through Mongolia and Kokonor. The analysis of the song “Alta gidg gazras” and the data of the most complete text of the song “Zu gidg gazr” recorded by G. J. Ramstedt makes it possible to conclude that those reflect information about two main routes to Tibet. Archival and literary materials about pilgrimages to Tibet indicate that in the 17th century when boundaries of the emerging Kalmyk Khanate were still mobile, routes to the shrines of Lhasa (Zu) went through the traditional territories of Oirat settlement ― “from the area called Altai”. From the beginning of the 18th century, for a number of reasons, the way to Tibet lay through Mongolia and Kokonor. Only at the beginning of the 20th century the path to Tibet which had been traditional for ancestors (now called the “new one”) was mastered again.
SIMULASI WADUK MARGATIGA DI KABUPATEN LAMPUNG TIMUR
Authors: Triyanto Triyanto , Wahono Endro Prasetyo , Kusumastuti Dyah Indriana
Published: December 2021

Waduk Margatiga merupakan waduk yang pada saat ini dalam proses pembangunan yang akibat dari proses pembangunan Bendungan Margatiga di Desa Negri Jumanten, Kecamatan Margatiga, Kabupaten Lampung Timur. Adapun fungsi utama dibangunnya Waduk Margatiga ini untuk mengairi area irigasi di Jabung Sistem dan untuk penyediaan air baku diwilayah Kabupaten Lampung Timur. Untuk mendapatkan tampungan waduk yang optimal dengan inflow dan outflow yang ada diperlukan sebuah simulasi waduk agar mendapatkan gambaran yang riil keandalan waduk dalam mensuplai fungsi utamanya. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Desa Negri Jumanten Kecamatan Margatiga Kabupaten Lampung Timur . Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan analisis inflow,outflow dan water balance dari data riil pengamatan terukur. Analisis inflow menggunakan data limpasan debit Bendung Argoguruh periode tahun 2002 – 2019 dan analisis debit DAS Waduk Margatiga dari data PDA 124 di Desa Negri Jumanten periode tahun 2002 – 2009 . Analisis outflow meliputi evaporasi, kebutuhan air irigasi di jaringan irigasi Jabung, pemeliharaan lingkungan hilir dan penyediaan air baku potensial. Analisis water balance digunakan untuk mengetahui berapa volume tampungan waduk akibat inflow dan outflow. Selanjutnya dilakukan simulasi waduk dengan tiga Simulasi dengan tujuan outflownya untuk fungsi yang berbeda
ANALISIS TEKNIK PERTANDINGAN KUMITE DALAM OLAHRAGA BELADIRI KARATE
Authors: Zebua Kaleb , Siahaan David
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui performa penampilan atlet dalam suatu pertandingan melalui video pertandingan karate kumite pada Sea Games Ke-29 Tahun 2017 di Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia menggunakan aplikasi klipdraw. Pada kategori final putra dibawah 55 kg pertandingan dimenangkan oleh Iwan Bidu Sirait dari Indonesia dengan perolehan point sebanyak 10 yang terdiri dari 7 pukulan dan 1 tendangan. Adapun jumlah pukulan yang dilakukan selama pertandingan adalah 16 dengan 7 pukulan yang menghasilkan point sehingga persentase keberhasilan pukulannya adalah 44%. Tendangan yang dilakukan selama pertandingan sebanyak 14 dengan 1 tendangan yang menghasilkan point sehingga persentase keberhasilan tendangannya adalah 8%. Sedangkan John Paul Bejar dari Filipina menghasilkan point sebanyak 4 yang semuanya dihasilkan oleh pukulan. Adapun jumlah pukulan yang dilakukan selama pertandingan adalah 13 dengan persentase keberhasilan 24%. Sedangkan jumlah tendangan yang dilakukan adalah 9 dimana tidak ada menghasilkan point atau persentase keberhasilan tendangan tersebut adalah 0%. Pada kategori final putri dibawah 50 kg hasil pertandingan dimenangkan oleh Srunite Sari Sukatendel karateka putri dari Indonesia dengan perolehan point sebanyak 6 yang terdiri dari 3 pukulan dan 1 tendangan adapun jumlah pukulan yang dilakukan selama pertandingan berlangsung adalah 13 dengan 3 pukulan yang dapat menghasilkan point adapun persentase keberhasilan adalah 19% sedangkan jumlah tendangan yang dilakukan adalah 9 dan hanya 1 tendangan yang menghasilkan point dengan persentase keberhasilan 11%. Sedangkan Paweena Raksachart Karateka Putri dari Thailand tidak menghasilkan point selama pertandingan berlangsung. Terdapat 19 pukulan yang dilakukan dan 8 tendangan dimana tidak satupun yang dapat menghasilkan point atau persentase keberhasilannya adalah 0%.
MEKANISME DIFUSI KEBIJAKAN PADA TAHAP PERUMUSAN AGENDA Studi kasus Wacana RUU pelindungan Data Pribadi di Indonesia
Authors: Kurniawan Yudha , Gunawan Aditya Batara
Published: December 2021

enelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan proses difusi kebijakan pada tahap perumusan agenda (agenda-setting) Rancangan Undang-Undang Pelindungan Data Pribadi (RUU PDP) di Indonesia. Difusi kebijakan dapat dimaknai secara umum sebagai sebuah proses pengadopsian kebijakan di suatu negara yang dipengaruhi oleh dinamika penerapan kebijakan yang sama di negara/wilayah lain. Dalam siklus pembuatan kebijakan, proses difusi kebijakan di tahap perumusan agenda dapat terjadi melalui dua mekanisme yakni pembelajaran dan emulasi. Mekanisme pembelajaran menekankan pada evaluasi aktor  difusi yang bertumpu pada aspek efektivitas atau implikasi praktis kebijakan yang akan diadopsi berdasarkan pengalaman di wilayah/negara lain. Sementara itu, emulasi menekankan pada evaluasi aktor difusi kebijakan berdasarkan pada aspek-aspek normatif. Secara empirik, Kedua mekanisme ini kemudian diidentifikasi secara kualitatif melalui metode analisa konten terhadap pemberitaan seputar RUU PDP sejak tahun 2015 hingga tahun 2020. Dari hasil analisa terhadap 115 artikel pemberitaan, ditemukan bahwa sebanyak 77 aktor memberikan pernyataan publik terkait perdebatan mengenai kebutuhan akan RUU PDP. Data yang dikumpulkan oleh peneliti juga menunjukkan bahwa pemerintah, DPR, organisasi masyarakat sipil, dan perguruan tinggi menjadi institusi-institusi yang paling dominan dalam tahap perumusan agenda RUU PDP. Sementara itu, terkait proses difusi kebijakan, mekanisme pembelajaran paling banyak diidentifikasi dari data yang diperoleh. Dalam hal ini, pernyataan publik terkait mekanisme pembelajaran paling banyak dikemukakan oleh Kemkominfo. Terakhir, penelitian ini juga menemukan bahwa kebijakan EU GDPR (European Union General Data Protection) menjadi referensi kebijakan yang paling banyak muncul dalam pemberitaan terkait RUU PDP dalam dua tahun terakhir.
PROSES REKRUTMEN DAN SELEKSI KANDIDAT DI INTERNAL PDI PERJUANGAN PADA PILKADA CIMAHI TAHUN 2017
Authors: Witianti Siti , Nazsir Nasrullah , Bainus Arry , Rahmatunnisa Mudiyati , Azmi Mohammad Fazrulzaman
Published: December 2021

Pada tatanan negara demokrasi, lazimnya partai politik melakukan upaya perekrutan calon kandidat yang akan menduduki jabatan-jabatan strategis. Oleh karena itu, partai politik harus menyediakan kader-kadernya yang siap mengikuti seleksi di intenal partai. Pada kasus Pilkada Kota Cimahi tahun 2017, Paslon yang terpilih bukan dari kader PDI Perjuangan, karena penjaringan dilakukan secara terbuka bagi kader dan non kader. Dengan demikian tujuan penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui dinamika dan metpde seleksi yang dilakukan PDI P Perjuangan dalam pencalonan walikota dan wakil walikota di Kota Cimahi pada tahun 2017. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan mengamati dan mendengarkan narasumber untuk mendapatkan pemahaman holistik. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dari unsur internal dan eksternal PDI Perjuangan dan beberapa bakal calon dari kader dan bukan PDI Perjuangan, sedangkanengumpulan data primer dilakukan melalui wawancara mandalam sedangkan penentuan informan dilakukan berdasarkan purposive technique. Adapun hasil dari penelitian ini adalah Tim Seleksi tingkat lokal tidak hanya melaksanakan fungsi prosedural dalam proses seleksi, akan tetapi ada peran lebih dalam melakukan screening bakal calon, khususnya mengenai komitmen yang akan diberikan kepada partai. Dominasi dan kuatnya kewenangan DPP dalam memutuskan hasil seleksi masih sangat mencolok, termasuk tim seleksi pusat pun akan sangat bergantung dengan keputusan DPP, meskipun tahapan prosedural sudah secara rinci dilaksanakan. Proses penentuan calon dapat dikatakan dinamis di tingkat lokal, namun setelah mencapai tahap akhir, dinamika tersebut terhenti oleh kebijakan DPP yang berwenang untuk memutuskan dan merekomendasikan calon untuk berkontestasi dalam Pemilu. Hal yang menarik lainnya dalam proses pencalonan di internal PDI-P Kota Cimahi adalah tidak adanya mahar politik, namun bakal calon diminta komitmennya untuk membiayai pemenangan Pilkada. Selanjutnya, penelitian ini menunjukan adanya keterbatasan desentralisasi kewenangan dalam proses rekrutmen. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini terdapat pengaruh kekuatan oligarki dalam proses rekrutmen dan seleksi kandidat, serta kekuatan finansial yang dapat mengimbangi pengaruh tersebut.
Review Sinergisitas Kombinasi Polimer Alami Serta Pemanfaatan dalam Formulasi Obat
Authors: Annisa Viviane , Sulaiman Teuku Nanda Saifullah , Nugroho Akhmad Kharis , Nugroho Agung Endro
Published: December 2021

Pengetahuan tentang sinergisme bermanfaat untuk menentukan kombinasi polimer alami yang memberikan efek menguntungkan ketika dikombinasikan. Interaksi yang saling menguntungkan antar polimer alami dapat dilihat dari nilai sinergisitas dari data pengujian viskositas. Kombinasi polimer yang memiliki efek sinergi dapat memberikan banyak kegunaan serta manfaat yang besar dalam pengembangan teknologi formulasi obat sehingga dapat mengatasi kekurangan yang dimiliki oleh masing-masing zat aktif obat. Pada studi ini, dilakukan review artikel tentang sinergisme kombinasi polimer, pengaruh kation sebagai cross-linker, serta aplikasi kombinasi alginat dengan polimer alami dalam formulasi sediaan obat dan aspek farmakologinya. Database yang digunakan untuk mengambil referensi, meliputi Scopus, PubMed, dan Google Schoolar. Tipe data dari database meliputi jurnal, artikel review, maupun buku tanpa ada pembatasan tahun. Referensi yang diperoleh dari database lalu diidentifikasi, dianalisis, dan dipilih yang sesuai dengan topik yang akan direview. Formulasi dengan polimer menghasilkan obat dengan pelepasan terkontrol, yang memiliki keuntungan, yakni dapat menurunkan frekuensi pemberian dosis, menurunkan efek samping obat, meningkatkan tingkat kepatuhan pasien, menurunkan fluktuasi, serta memperlama durasi aksi obat, dan memastikan respon farmakokinetik dan farmakodinamik dapat reprodusibel dan diprediksi. Selain itu, polimer dapat pula dimodifikasi sedemikian rupa untuk menjadi sistem penghantaran obat tertarget pada organ tertentu. Polimer alami yang paling banyak digunakan dan dikombinasikan dengan polimer lain adalah alginat karena memiliki struktur dengan banyak gugus negatif berupa karboksil dan hidroksil sehingga memiliki berbagai keuntungan, seperti dapat meningkatkan kelarutan obat, meningkatkan kemampuan mukoadesif, melepaskan obat secara terkontrol, serta menghantarkan obat pada target organ tertentu.
Formulasi dan Evaluasi Krim Tabir Surya Ekstrak Daging Labu Kuning (Cucurbita maxima)
Authors: Erwiyani Agitya Resti , Sonia Cahyani Ayu , Mursyidah Luluk , Sunnah Istianatus , Pujistuti Anasthasia
Published: December 2021

Paparan sinar UV secara berlebih dapat menyebabkan imunosupresan, photoaging dan kanker kulit, apabila paparan mengenai lapisan kulit dermis akan menyebabkan kulit menjadi gelap, eritema serta terjadi kerusakan jaringan kolagen. Tabir surya memiliki mekanisme perlindungan secara fisik melalui penghamburan sinar matahari yang masuk ke dalam kulit serta perlindungan mekanik melalui absorbsi sinar UV. Senyawa alami yang berpotensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai kosmetik tabir surya melalui mekanisme antiaging adalah senyawa yang mempunya cincin aromatik seperti gugus fenol. Kandungan labu diketahui memiliki aktivitas antioksidan diantaranya polifenol, karotenoid dan tokoferol. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memformulasi krim daging buah labu kuning potensinya sebagai tabir surya melalui pengujian nilai SPF menggunakan metode Spektrofotometri. Evaluasi sediaan krim menunjukkan organoleptis berwarna kuning, berbau manis dan berbentuk semi padat. Krim daging labu kuning memiliki nilai pH yang berkisar antara          5,32 – 6,11, daya sebar 5,04 – 5,31 cm, daya lekat 2,77 – 3,73 detik, viskositas 4480 – 7360 cP, dan uji sentrifugasi krim tidak mengalami perubahan. Penyimpanan selama 14 hari sediaan stabil dan tidak mengalami perubahan yang signifikan berdasarkan paired sample T test. Hasil pengujian aktivitas tabir surya menunjukkan nilai SPF F1, F2 dan F3 berturut – turut sebesar 2,15 ± 0,01,    4,69 ± 0,04 dan 5,78 ± 0,02. Krim dengan konsentrasi ekstrak daging buah labu kuning sebesar 5% dan 10% memiliki proteksi tabir surya kategori sedang.
Modifikasi Pati Beras Ketan Putih (Oryza Sativa l. Var. Glutinosa) Secara Pregelatinasi dengan Perbandingan Pati dan Air ( 1:1,25)
Authors: Hartesi Barmi , Ikhwansyah Ikhwansyah , Soyata Amelia
Published: December 2021

Bahan tambahan (eksipien) yang ada di Indonesia umumnya masih banyak yang diimpor dari negara lain untuk memenuhi kebutuhan industri farmasi, diantaranya adalah pati yang merupakan eksipien utama dalam sediaan tablet, salah satunya adalah beras ketan. Pati alami tidak bisa digunakan sebagai bahan pengisi pada pembuatan tablet kempa langsung karena sifat alir dan kompresibilitas yang buruk. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendapatkan  karakterisitik dari pati beras ketan putih yang dimodifikasi dengan pregelatinasi dengan perbandingan pati dan air (1:1,25). Penelitian ini dilakukan  dengan metode experimental di laboratorium dengan cara mengisolasi pati beras ketan putih dan selanjutnya dibuat  pati pregelatinasi sebanyak 9 formula dengan perbandingan pati dan air (1:1,25) serta variasi suhu (45 ,55 dan 65oC) dan rpm (200, 250 dan 300), pati pregelatinasi yang sudah terbentuk dilakukan evaluasi (rendemen, organoleptis, pH, susut pengeringan, distribusi partikel, laju alir dan sudut istirahat, bobot jenis nyata dan mampat, faktor hausner,kompresibilitas, SEM, XRD). Hasil standariasi pati alami Beras Ketan Putih didapatkan hasil yang baik terkecuali pada cemaran logam berat merkuri (Hg), pada uji kapang khamir dan pH. Pada pati pregelatinasi mendapatkan hasil karakteristik yang baik setiap formulanya. Pati alami yang awalnya tidak mengalir setelah dibuat pregelatinasi semua formula dapat mengalir dan memperbaiki sudut istirhat serta nilai kompresibilitasnya yang baik.Pati pregelatinasi didapatkan  hasil yang baik pada semua formula dan dengan meningkatanya suhu dan rpm akan memperbaiki karaktersistiknya. F9 adalah formula yang terbaik dengan menggunakan suhu 65oC dan 300 rpm.
Play Therapy Bagi Anak Korban Child Abuse Psikis
Authors: Ritonga M.Aris Rinaldi , Nihayah Ulin , Nailussa'adah Fitriani , Hinayah Anggita Hikmatul
Published: December 2021

The occurrence of violence against children is due to trivial problems, in this violence mostly occurs in children, even the impact of violence on children is very dangerous, because many children will be depressed, have prolonged trauma, are sensitive, tend to be quiet, rebellious, and more dangerous. Again, children will commit suicide because they are no longer strong with violence. In dealing with these problems, children really need therapy, so that children can return to being like other children, although in realizing it again becomes a child's personality in general it is very difficult. This act of child abuse is very detrimental to the future of the child, because it is clear, the future of the child will be bad, of course the child will not develop well, in the concept of child abuse will use the research method to be carried out namely descriptive research methods, in this study aims to describe every event or incident objectively, from here the violence in child abuse will be well structured, from the results of the analysis a data will be carried out, whose function is so that problems in child abuse research can get the right solution with the help of play therapy for child victims of child abuse abuse . In play therapy, children can get the best direction, even though they can't fully recover like other children, it's just that play therapy can alleviate every problem in child abuse victims.