bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Drinking magnetized water alters blood constituents, and structure of spleen and kidney in rabbits
Authors: EL SABRY Mohamed I. , HASSAN Azza , EBEID Tarek A. , ABOU-HASHIM Fatma
Published: April 2024

This study aimed to investigate the effect of magnetic field on physicochemical properties of water and evaluating the effects of the magnetized water (MW ) on the productive performance, liver enzymes, spleen and kidney structure of rabbits. Water samples were collected to determine pH and electrical conductivity (EC), and water structure was investigated by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). Twenty-four weaned Rex rabbits, 21 d old, were allotted into two experimental groups: the first group was assigned as control, received regular tap water (TW), and the treated group, received MW, for 5 weeks. Productive traits were recorded weekly and at the end of the experiment, blood samples, spleen and kidney were collected for examinations. Results showed that pH and EC of MW were higher than those of TW. In addition, the arrangement MW cluster showed a unique alteration on the nano-scale. Growth performance indicators were similar in both experimental treatments, except FCR of the MW rabbits was better than that of the TW rabbits. The MW had no significant effect on plasma concentration of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and creatinine in growing Rex rabbits received MW in comparison with those received regular TW. Spleen histological structure of rabbits of both groups was normal. However, the epithelial cells lining renal tubules of kidneys of rabbits in MW group appeared large with basophilic nuclei in comparison with TW group. Conclusively, magnetic field alters the physicochemical properties of water. The MW may consequently increase blood glucose level and spleen weight % and enhance kidney structure in growing rabbits. Moreover, more studies are still needed to know the benefits of providing the magnetized water to ‎animals. ‎
Hydraulic analysis of a long-throated flume for sediment-laden flow using CFD
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Brigido-Morales Juan Gabriel , Carrillo-García Mauricio ,   Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Prado-Hernández Jorge Victor ,   Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Flores-Velázquez Jorge ,   Colegio de Postgraduados
Published: April 2024

Introduction: There are many flumes available, but few have been designed for flow measurement in natural streams, where natural erosion leads to increased sediment levels, causing erroneous readings. Objective: Analyzing the hydraulic behavior of a modified long-throated flume to determine the optimal location for taking readings in the presence of excessive sediment, using the programs HEC-RAS® v.5.0.7, Iber® v.2.5.2 and ANSYS® CFX® v.2020 R2. Methodology: In this study, a long-throated flume was designed and analyzed for a maximum flow rate of 50 L∙s-1 using the WinFlume® v.1.0.6 program. Four structures were constructed, each equipped with a steeper slope of 5 %, 10 %, 20 %, and 30 %, and an additional four variants were implemented with a reduction in the hydraulic area at the throat inlet. Five measurement locations were chosen starting from the beginning of the steeper slope for a hydraulic analysis in one, two, and three dimensions. Result: The optimal location for plotting flow (Q) vs. flow depth (h) curves is located at 2/5 parts at the start of the steeper slope, with a slope of 10 % and a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.99986. Limitations of the study: The geometric models of the proposed flume have only been analyzed numerically, so a second stage at the laboratory level must be carried out. Originality: There is a limited number of studies dedicated to the analysis of long-throated flumes operating under conditions with sediment-laden flows Conclusions: A long-throated flume with a steeper slope proves to be a practical solution for decision-making concerning water management, aiming to enhance its efficiency.
Los modelos de control constitucional y administrativo en Colombia (1811-2023)
Authors: Malagón Pinzón Miguel
Published: April 2024

Los modelos de control constitucional y administrativo en
Colombia (1811-2023) llena un vacío en la literatura jurídica colombiana, pues
analiza casos de archivos judiciales de los siglos XIX al XXI para dar cuenta
de cómo funcionaba el derecho público. El libro explica cómo se controlaron las
leyes y los actos administrativos de carácter general en dicho periodo y
muestra con originalidad los modelos de control de las actuaciones. Esta obra
se aparta de la posición tradicional que nos enseña que la fiscalización
estatal comenzó en el derecho constitucional con la reforma de 1910 y en el
derecho administrativo con la copia del sistema francés de juez especial, del
Consejo de Estado en 1913. En el mismo sentido, en este trabajo se rescata el
mecanismo de la acción pública como el medio de defensa por excelencia con que
contaron los ciudadanos en los años de 1800 para impugnar los diversos actos
estatales, mostrando cómo se empezó a usar en nuestro país antes de 1850 y no
en el siglo XX como sostiene la doctrina mayoritaria. Esta investigación
también explica la manera como operaron los sistemas de control de los
reglamentos desde 1910 hasta la reforma del Código Contencioso con la Ley 1437
del 2011. En esta segunda edición se incluyen más casos de control de los actos
de gobierno en la Colonia, por medio de la figura del Recurso de Agravios,
antecedente de todas nuestras acciones públicas, y se presentan más ejemplos de
situaciones de aplicación de la suspensión provisional de leyes y actos
administrativos, incluido el auto de este año expedido por la Corte
Constitucional que le da esa competencia a nuestro más alto tribunal.
A APLICAÇÃO DA AMPLA DEFESA E CONTRADITÓRIO NO INQUÉRITO POLICIAL
Authors: Morais Fransergio Narcíso , Furlan Fernando Palmas Pimenta
Published: April 2024

O presente trabalho debate sobre a aplicabilidade dos princípios do contraditório e da ampla defesa no decorrer dos inquéritos policiais, sabendo-se que nesta fase tais princípios não são aplicados plenamente, mas também não podem ser suprimidos por completo, sob pena de, ou ocasionar a delonga exacerbada da fase investigada, ou privar o investigado de direitos fundamentais, trazendo prejuízos irreparáveis a sua honra e imagem. Busca-se, através dele, analisar as legislações e entendimentos doutrinários sobre o tema, atentando-se para o fato de que a complexidade deste tema costuma fazer com que seja analisado, caso a caso, sendo apenas norteado por diretrizes gerais. Para isso, foi analisado o contexto histórico e social dos processos investigatórios no Brasil e as máculas que podem ser geradas ao investigado pela instauração de inquéritos de forma leviana, sobretudo na era digital, com o advento das redes sociais. Observou-se que é necessário a explanação sobre o tema, haja vista o prejuízo que a total supressão destes princípios pode gerar ao investigado e a complexidade do tema, uma vez que apesar de deverem ser aplicados, tais princípios devem manifestar-se de forma restrita na fase estudada. Para o estudo, utilizou-se de pesquisa bibliográfica, através de análise da legislação correspondente e da literatura. Espera-se, assim, aferir o nível otimizado em que tais princípios possam ser aplicados na fase de investigação e os prejuízos que podem ser causados aos investigados, caso sejam totalmente suprimidos.
FEOCROMOCITOMA: UMA REVISÃO LITERÁRIA SOBRE AS MANIFESTAÇÕES, O DIAGNÓSTICO E O TRATAMENTO
Authors: Paiva Caio Igor Reis de , Kneip Luiza Baptista de Oliveira , Azevedo Laura Costa , Pereira Bruno de Freitas Ricardo , Andrade Stella Mares Oliveira
Published: April 2024

Os feocromocitomas são tumores raros que secretam catecolaminas e surgem nas células cromafins da medula adrenal ou nos gânglios simpáticos. Geralmente são descobertos acidentalmente em exames como tomografia computadorizada (TC) ou ressonância magnética (RM). O diagnóstico sintomático é feito através de medições de metanefrinas e catecolaminas na urina e no plasma. Além da hipertensão arterial, podem causar morte súbita por arritmias cardíacas, especialmente durante procedimentos anestésicos ou ressecção tumoral. O tratamento visa controlar os sintomas com antagonistas adrenérgicos e bloqueadores dos canais de cálcio antes da cirurgia. A adrenalectomia laparoscópica é o tratamento padrão, geralmente realizada sob anestesia geral.
AS NARRATIVAS INFANTIS COMO POSSIBILIDADE PARA RECONHECER A ATRIBUIÇÃO DE SENTIDOS PELAS CRIANÇAS
Authors: Santos Leidiane Aparecida dos , Lira Aliandra Cristina Mesomo
Published: April 2024

Este artigo discute o potencial das narrativas infantis como possibilidade de atribuições de sentidos acerca das experiências que as crianças vivenciam. Metodologicamente, a presente reflexão é de cunho bibliográfico. Um novo olhar para as crianças como sujeitos competentes para falar das experiências que vivenciam, que busca retirá-las do seu silenciamento histórico e aponta para a necessidade de compreendê-las, também, a partir de sua voz. Tais pressupostos situam esse estudo como fundamentado na Sociologia da Infância, a qual concebe a criança como um sujeito histórico, social e de direitos, cujas interpretações de mundo precisam ser conhecidas e consideradas. Os resultados demonstram a necessidade de ampliar a disponibilidade do adulto para escutar as crianças, valorar as interlocuções e aprofundar a compreensão das narrativas como oportunidade de organização de pensamento e com implicações na construção de identidades.
Response of protonated, adduct, and fragmented ions in Vocus proton-transfer-reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometer (PTR-ToF-MS)
Authors: Li Fangbing , Huang Dan Dan , Tian Linhui , Yuan Bin , Tan Wen , Zhu Liang , Ye Penglin , Worsnop Douglas , Hoi Ka In , Mok Kai Meng , Li Yong Jie
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) affect secondary pollutant formation via active chemistry. Proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometry (PTR-MS) is one of the most important techniques to study the highly variable spatial and temporal characteristics of VOCs. The response of protonated, adduct, and fragmented ions in PTR-MS in changing instrument settings and varying relative humidity (RH) requires rigorous characterization. Herein, we present dedicatedly designed laboratory experiments conducted to investigate the response of these ions for 21 VOCs, including 12 oxygenated VOCs and 2 nitriles, using the recently developed Vocus PTR-MS. Our results show that the focusing ion–molecule reactor (FIMR) axial voltage increases sensitivity by 3 to 4 orders of magnitude but does not significantly change the fractions of protonated ions. Reducing the FIMR pressure, however, substantially increases fragmentation. Applying a high radio frequency (RF) amplitude radially to the FIMR can enhance sensitivity by 1 to 2 orders of magnitude without affecting the protonated ion fractions. The change in big segmented quadrupole (BSQ) amplitude mainly affects sensitivity and protonated ion fraction by modifying ion transmission. The relationship between sensitivity and proton-transfer reaction rate constant is complicated by the influences from both ion transmission and protonated ion fraction. The protonated ions of most VOCs studied (19 out of 21) show less than 15 % variations in sensitivity as RH increases from ∼ 5% to ∼ 85 %, except for some long-chain aldehydes which show a positive RH variation of up to 30 %. Our results suggest that the Vocus PTR-MS can reliably quantify the majority of VOCs under ambient conditions with varying RH. However, caution is advised for small oxygenates such as formaldehyde and methanol due to their low sensitivity and for long-chain aldehydes due to their slight RH dependence and fragmentation.
Testing the influence of light on nitrite cycling in the eastern tropical North Pacific
Authors: Travis Nicole M. , Kelly Colette L. , Casciotti Karen L.
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Light is considered a strong controlling factor of nitrification rates in the surface ocean. Previous work has shown that ammonia oxidation and nitrite oxidation may be inhibited by high light levels, yet active nitrification has been measured in the sunlit surface ocean. While it is known that photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) influences microbial nitrite production and consumption, the level of inhibition of nitrification is variable across datasets. Additionally, phytoplankton have light-dependent mechanisms for nitrite production and consumption that co-occur with nitrification around the depths of the primary nitrite maximum (PNM). In this work, we experimentally determined the direct influence of light level on net nitrite production, including all major nitrite cycling processes (ammonia oxidation, nitrite oxidation, nitrate reduction and nitrite uptake) in microbial communities collected from the base of the euphotic zone. We found that although ammonia oxidation was inhibited at the depth of the PNM and was further inhibited by increasing light at all stations, it remained the dominant nitrite production process at most stations and treatments, even up to 25 % surface PAR. Nitrate addition did not enhance ammonia oxidation in our experiments but may have increased nitrate and nitrite uptake at a coastal station. In contrast to ammonia oxidation, nitrite oxidation was not clearly inhibited by light and sometimes even increased at higher light levels. Thus, accumulation of nitrite at the PNM may be modulated by changes in light, but light perturbations did not exclude nitrification from the surface ocean. Nitrite uptake and nitrate reduction were both enhanced in high-light treatments relative to low light and in some cases showed high rates in the dark. Overall, net nitrite production rates of PNM communities were highest in the dark treatments.
Centroids in second-order conservative remapping schemes on spherical coordinates
Authors: Saito Fuyuki
Published: April 2024

Abstract. The transformation of data from one grid system to another is common in climate studies. Among the many schemes used for such transformations is second-order conservative remapping. In particular, a second-order conservative remapping scheme first introduced in 1987 and extended in 1999 to work on the general grids of a sphere has, either directly or indirectly, has served as an important base in a variety of studies. In this study, the author describes a fundamental problem in the derivation of the method proposed by a pioneer study relating to the treatment of the centroid used as a reference point for the second-order terms in the longitudinal direction. In principle, use of the original formulation may cause damage to the entire remapping result. However, a method's native implementation software includes a preprocessing procedure that tends to minimize or even erase the error as a side effect in many, if not most, typical applications. In this study, three alternative formulations are proposed and tested and are shown to work in a simple application.
Reservoir Assessment Tool version 3.0: a scalable and user-friendly software platform to mobilize the global water management community
Authors: Minocha Sanchit , Hossain Faisal , Das Pritam , Suresh Sarath , Khan Shahzaib , Darkwah George , Lee Hyongki , Galelli Stefano , Andreadis Konstantinos , Oddo Perry
Published: April 2024

Abstract. In the modern world, dams and the artificial reservoirs behind them serve the increasing demand for water across diverse needs such as agriculture, energy production, and drinking water. As dams continue to proliferate, monitoring water availability influenced by reservoir operations is now of paramount importance. The Reservoir Assessment Tool (RAT) is a data-driven software platform that integrates satellite remote sensing with hydrological models, enabling the estimation of key reservoir parameters such as inflow, outflow, surface area, evaporation, and storage changes. The earliest version of RAT (version 1.0) was set up for 1598 reservoirs around the world with limitations in functional robustness, updating frequency, and scalability. Some of these limitations on updating frequency and functional robustness were addressed in version 2.0 that was later made operational for the intergovernmental agency of the Mekong River Commission. Recognizing the need for scalability to mobilize the global water management community to benefit from satellite remote sensing, we hereby introduce RAT version 3.0. This version is optimized for accelerating open collaboration among users for continuous improvement and customization of RAT to enable reservoir management breakthroughs. RAT 3.0 represents a wholesale overhaul from the previous versions to empower the global community of users and developers in the spirit of the open-source movement. RAT 3.0 allows reservoir monitoring advancements and new functional developments that can be freely exchanged and seamlessly integrated for continuous evolution of the software. A centralized web application has also been established to facilitate the storage and dissemination of global reservoir monitoring information along with comprehensive training resources. RAT 3.0 aspires to bridge the traditional practices of water management community with the capabilities of satellite remote sensing. The global impact of the software can be expected to increase as uptake spreads, enabling a more sustainable and equitable utilization of our planet's water resources.
CAR36, a regional high-resolution ocean forecasting system for improving drift and beaching of Sargassum in the Caribbean archipelago
Authors: Cailleau Sylvain , Bessières Laurent , Chiendje Léonel , Dubost Flavie , Reffray Guillaume , Lellouche Jean-Michel , van Gennip Simon , Régnier Charly , Drevillon Marie , Tressol Marc , Clavier Matthieu , Temple-Boyer Julien , Berline Léo
Published: April 2024

Abstract. The stranding of Sargassum seaweed on the Caribbean archipelago beaches constitutes real socio-economic, ecological and health problems. Météo-France currently operates a model of Sargassum drift forecast (called MOTHY) forced by ocean currents from the global analysis and forecasting system GLO12 at 1/12° (∼9 km over the Caribbean) operated by Mercator Ocean International (MOi). In order to improve the Météo-France drift forecast, MOi has developed a regional high-resolution ocean forecasting system CAR36 at 1/36° (∼3 km) centred in the Caribbean archipelago region. In addition to a finer spatial resolution, this system was designed to resolve higher-frequency signals such as the tidal forcing and to use hourly atmospheric forcing including the inverse barometer effect. Here the added value of the CAR36 system relative to GLO12 is evaluated with particular focus on the reproduction of meso- and sub-mesoscale structures representing key features of the Caribbean region dynamics and therefore Sargassum transport. The realism of the local dynamics was examined with standard statistical validation diagnostics using satellite data (sea surface height, sea surface temperature, Sargassum detection) and drifting buoys, together with more process-oriented diagnostics such as eddy detection and tracking across the domain. GLO12 and CAR36 hindcast simulations were compared over the year 2019. CAR36 showed marginally better scores using OceanPredict diagnostics (https://oceanpredict.org/, last access: 10 April 2024). The dynamics of a westward-propagating North Brazil Current (NBC) eddy from its entry into the domain to its dissipation were found to be more realistic in CAR36, especially at the end of its lifetime when it collides with the Caribbean archipelago. The transfer of kinetic energy from the eddy dissipating westward into the Caribbean Sea was diagnosed as more pronounced for CAR36, corresponding to filamentary structures crossing the Caribbean archipelago and resulting in part from the friction of the NBC eddy along the islands to the east. Using detection from satellites, aggregation of Sargassum around eddies or along filaments suggests that CAR36 should improve the algae drift forecasts.
A Cross Sectional Study on Self-Reported Tobacco Use and Tobacco Related Behaviour among Medical Students in Goa, India
Authors: Godinho Nadia	N	S	R , Cacodcar Jagadish	A
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Tobacco is a major cause of preventable mortality and morbidity. Healthcare personnel are involved with smoking cessation advice and treatment of patients; their use of tobacco and related behaviour is an important public health problem. Objectives: To determine the proportion of tobacco use, exposure to second-hand tobacco smoke among medical students and to describe their tobacco-related behaviour and attitude regarding tobacco use. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted at one of the Medical Colleges at Goa from July-August 2023.The sample size was calculated using a standard formula based on results of a systematic review, it included 255 medical students and interns selected by simple random sampling. The Global Health Professions Student Survey (GHPSS) was used as the study tool which is specifically designed for knowing the tobacco usage. Results: Among medical students surveyed, 23.5% (n = 60) reported ever smoking cigarettes, with 8.6% (n = 22) being current smokers. Additionally, 7.1% (n = 18) reported using smokeless tobacco. Exposure to passive smoking was prevalent, with 31.3% (n = 80) experiencing it at home and 43.9% (n = 112) in public places, surpassing active smoking. The majority of students expressed support for tobacco ban (78.8%, n= 201), and nearly all (98.4%, n= 251) agreed that healthcare professionals should advise patients to quit tobacco use. While over half of the current smokers attempted to quit in the past year, only 15% received professional assistance in their cessation efforts. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that while a significant proportion of students were exposed to tobacco use, there is a prevailing support for tobacco control measures among them but actual implementation of such measures is lacking.
Mapping the Terrain of Learning: A Study on the Association between Self-Directed Learning Readiness and Learning Environment Dynamics among Students studying in a Public Health Institute At Kolkata, India
Authors: Ghosh Soumik , Surendran , Sujith , Bandyopadhyay Lina , Sahu , Monalisha , Basu , Rivu , Paul Bobby
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Self-directed learning (SDL) is the process in which individuals take the initiative and learning environment involves all other aspects of the institute. Good SDL ability is the foundation of lifelong learning. Students’ perception of the educational environment plays a subtle role in learning and contributes to learning input and students’ achievement. Self- directed learning is integral to public health teaching. Objectives: To assess the perceptions of learning environment and self-directed learning readiness and association between the two among public health researchers and also to elicit the factors associated with SDLRS. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted from July to December 2023 in a public health institute in Kolkata. A total of 102 participants across five courses were selected by Complete Enumeration method and their self-directed learning readiness (SDLRS) and perceptions of learning environment were assessed using a self-administered questionnaire. The data was analysed in SPSS, version 16. Ethical approval was taken. Results: The mean age of the study participants was 26.7 years and 64.7% of the study participants were from MBBS background. The median academic hours was 18 hours per week, 37.3% of the participants were studying in the institute for less than 6 months and 20.6% for more than 24 months. The overall perception of learning environment was more positive than negative. There was significant positive correlation between SDLRS and Learning Environment (Spearman’s rho=0.281, p=0.004). Age (p=0.015) and prior academic qualification (p=0.016) were significantly associated with SDLRS. Conclusion: SDLRS was associated with positive Learning Environment. The overall perception of SDLRS was average and the SDL ability improved with duration of study in the institute and deteriorated with age of the study participants
Out-of-pocket Expenditure and its Impact on the Quality of Life among Patients Attending the Anti-retroviral Therapy Centre of a Tertiary Care Hospital in Kolkata
Authors: Rashid Mamunur , Goswami Dipendra Narayan , Ray Kuntala , Basu Mausumi , Mondal Aparajita , Dey Abhipsa
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Out-of-pocket expenditure (OOPE) has a negative impact on Quality of life (QoL) of People Living with HIV (PLHIV)which can increase the risk of slipping into poverty. Objectives: Primary Objective of this study was to estimate the burden of OOPE in seeking health care among HIV patients attending the Anti-retroviral therapy (ART) centre of a tertiary care hospital; and secondary objectives were to assess their QoL, to identify the association of socio-demographic characteristics with the OOPE & QoL and to find out the correlation between OOPE and QoL. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 232 patients attending ART centre of a tertiary care hospital in Kolkata using a pre-designed, pre-tested, structured schedule. Multivariable binary logistic regression was done to identify the association of their socio-demographic characteristics and clinical profile with the OOPE and QoL. Results: About 41.4% of the study population rated their QoL as neither poor nor good, 18.9% as ‘good’. All the participants reported OOPE; 20.7% in the form of direct health expenditure. Participants belonging to the age group 18-39 years, residing in a joint family, had family member infected with HIV and had associated co-morbidity were statistically significant covariates of direct health expenditure; whereas participants belonging to the age group ≥40 years, living in a joint family, involved in an unskilled occupation, and belonging to middle and lower middle were statistically significant covariates of poor QoL. Conclusion: OOPE was experienced by all participants. As per the study findings Qol was neither poor nor good among participants. With increase in OOPE, the QoL worsened.
SISTEM PENGENDALI POSISI KETINGGIAN PADA TOWERCOPTER MENGGUNAKAN KONTROL PROPORSIONAL INTEGRAL DERIVATIF (PID)
Authors: Ganes Ganes Satria Wardhana
Published: April 2024

Towercopter merupakan salah satu alat yang mewakili bidang aeromodeling yang mana aeromodeling adalah pesawat tanpa awak atau Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV). Prinsip kerja dari pesawat tanpa awak yakni Vertical Take-Off and Landing (VTOL) yaitu menstabilkan posisi ketinggian dengan bergerak pada sumbu Y. Towercopter secara khusus dirancang bergerak secara vertikal. Tujuan dibuatnya Towercopter adalah untuk menghasilkan sistem pengendali posisi ketinggian pada Towercopter menggunakan PID serta mengetahui hasil respons sistem dengan mengimplementasikan metode Ziegler-Nichols. Dalam merancang sistem Pengendali Posisi ketinggian pada Towercopter menggunakan PID dengan metode ZieglerNichols metode kedua dengan beberapa tahanapan yaitu menentukan Critical gain Kcr di mana output menunjukkan osilasi berkelanjutan dan Corresponding Period Pcr dimana diambil satu periode dari Kcr dalam satuan detik. Dari Kcr dan Pcr dihasilkan nilai parameter PID berdasarkan aturan tuning Ziegler-Nichols metode kedua. Parameter yang didapat adalah Kp = 9, Ki = 0.112, Kd = 18, dengan setpoint 15 cm.
Strategi Penyaluran Program Garut Makmur Sebagai Implementasi Fundraising Zakat Untuk Kesejahteraan Mustahik Di Kabupaten Garut (Studi kasus: Badan Amil Zakat Nasional Kabupaten Garut)
Authors: Muttaqin Imam , Firdaus Oktri Mohammad , Ijudin Ijudin
Published: April 2024

Kemiskinan merupakan permasalahan yang selalu muncul dihadapi oleh negara maju maupun negara berkembang. Zakat sebagai kewajiban yang ditetapkan oleh Agama Islam adalah metode efisien dan strategis yang dapat digunakan sebagai alat untuk meningkatkan perekonomian bagi kelompok masyarakat yang kurang mampu serta berperan amat penting dalam upaya meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui strategi penyaluran zakat Program Garut Makmur sebagai implementasi fundraising untuk kesejahteraan mustahik di Kabupaten Garut. Pada penelitian ini, metode yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan variabel bebas penelitian terdiri dari strategi penyaluran dan implementasi fundraising sedangkan variabel terikatnya adalah kesejahteraan mustahik melalui alat ukur pedoman wawancara terstruktur. Populasi penelitian terdiri 1.962 mustahik/ orang pada 42 kecamatan di seluruh Kabupaten Garut dengan teknik penarikan sampel non probability sampling dimana responden dipilih secara convenience sampling dengan mempertimbangkan kemudahan menjangkau desa-desa yang akan dijadikan sampel dengan menetapkan mustahik zakat sebagai responden sebagai responden yang mewakili dari 42 kecamatan di Kabupten Garut. Teknik analisa data yang digunakan merupakan teknik triangulasi sumber, dimana hasil dari penelitian memperlihatkan di dalam variabel  strategi penyaluran hanya satu point belum terealisir yaitu pada kondisi perantara zakat dari Baznas yang berbeda di setiap, pada variabel implementasi fundraising terdapat hanya satu point belum terealisir yaitu mustahik belum mendapatkan penyaluran zakat dari Baznas berlangsung terus atau berkelanjutan, pada variabel kesejahteraan mustahik terdapat tiga point belum terealisir yaitu belum optimal dalam mendapatkan peningkatan dalam pendidikan, kesehatan, akses pada listrik dan air. Sedangkan pada pernyataan mendapatkan peningkatan dalam pendapatan, peningkatan dalam rasa aman dan mendapatkan peningkatan dalam akses informasi sudah dapat diperoleh oleh mustahik.
Excellent survival of two anatomically adapted hydroxyapatite coated cementless Total Hip Arthroplasties. A mean follow-up of 11.3 years
Authors: HEIJNENS L.J.M. , SCHOTANUS M.G.M. , VAN HAAREN E.H.
Published: April 2024

There are many different types of cementless anatomically adapted Total Hip Arthroplasties (THAs) on the market, the Anatomic Benoist Gerard (ABG) I and II are such types of cementless THAs. In this retrospective single-centre study we evaluated the overall survival with revision for any reason and aseptic loosening as endpoint at more than 11 years follow-up. Between 2000 and 2004, 244 cementless THAs were performed in 230 patients in a primary care hospital. At a mean of 11.3 years follow-up (range 9.8 – 12.8 years) clinical examination, plain radiography and Patient Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs) were obtained and analysed. The PROMs consisted of the Oxford Hip Score (OHS) and the Western Ontario and McMaster University Index (WOMAC). At a mean of 11.3 years follow-up 32 patients (13.1%) had died of unrelated causes. Of the remaining cohort all 198 patients (212 THAs) have been reached for evaluation. There were no patients considered as lost to follow-up. At a mean of 11.3 years 11 patients (11 THAs) have had a revision of either the femoral implant or acetabular component resulting in an overall survival of 95.5%. There was no statistically significant difference (p=0.564) in survival between the ABG I and II THAs. Radiographic there were no changes between the ABG I and II last follow up. The ABG II performed statistically significant better in PROMs. We concluded that both anatomically adapted hydroxyapatite coated cementless THAs show excellent survival at more than 11 years follow-up.
Clinical, functional and radiographic long-term follow-up (7-12 years) of Birmingham Hip Resurfacing, including metal ions evaluation: a single surgeon series
Authors: OUWENDIJK M , VAN DER BRACHT H , JANSEGERS E
Published: April 2024

Hip resurfacing arthroplasty (HRA) has been advocated as an attractive therapy for a younger, more demanding patient population with debilitating hip osteoarthritis. Controversies surrounding metal-on-metal (MoM) hip resurfacing have, however, led to a significant decline in the popularity of the HRA. Despite this, substantial evidence supports the use of specific implants in a selected group of patients. This is a continued retrospective analysis of a single surgeon series of the Birmingham Hip Resurfacing (BHR). Initial medium-term analysis was done in 2011 and published by Van der Bracht et al.13. This analysis includes a long-term follow-up of 7 to 12 years, including functional scoring (HHS, HOOS and UCLA activity score), metal ion evaluation and survival analysis. Failure was defined as revision for any cause. A total of 267 resurfacing procedures with the BHR were included in 247 patients. We had a mean follow-up of 8.3 years. Overall survival at ten years was 94.8%(97.2% for males and 90.1% for females). There was a statistically significant increase in mean HHS score at follow-up (56.03 - IQR 47-65 to 96.07 - IQR 96-100). Elevated metal ions were correlated with a statistically significant increase in the probability of complications. This cohort study further proved that hip resurfacing arthroplasty with the Birmingham Hip Resurfacing implant provides a good alternative to conventional total hip arthroplasty in young patients. There was a significant increase in functional scores at follow-up. There is further evidence of less favorable outcomes in female patients.
CLINICO-PATHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF GASTRIC CANCER – A SINGLE INSTITUTION EXPERIENCE
Authors:   Clinic of general and clinical pathology, USHATO “Prof. Ivan Chernozemski”, Sofia, Bulgaria., Bachurska Svitlana , Djongov Lachezar ,   Clinic of general and abdominal surgery, USHATO “Prof. Ivan Chernozemski”, Sofia, Bulgaria., Tomov Bojidar ,   Department of Gastroenterology, USHATO “Prof. Ivan Chernozemski”, Sofia, Bulgaria.
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the leading causes of cancer related morbidity and mortality. Morphologically, GC is a heterogeneous neoplasm consisting of several histological types. Majority of the patients are diagnosed in an advance stage of the disease. Conventional surgical and systemic treatment has demonstrated limited achievement. Evolution in personalized therapy is a main factor to improve the outcome, but for a successful application, a careful stratification of patients is required. Aim: The purpose of the present paper was to analyze the mandatory clinical and pathological characteristics of patients with GC. Material and methods: A total 74 patients who have undergone total or partial gastric resection, endoscopic and laparoscopic biopsy due to GC were included. Results: The average age of the patients was 69,6 years, with a male predominance in all age groups. Most frequent histological type was intestinal type, according to Lauren and tubular type, according to WHO classifications. 82,3% (p<0,05) of GC located in cardia were diagnosed in males. 37/42 tubular, papillary and mucinous types by WHO classification were classified as intestinal type by Lauren. All signet ring cell and poorly cohesive adenocarcinomas by WHO classification were accordingly assigned as diffuse type by Lauren. 52,2% of the tubular/intestinal type of tumors were graded as G1 or G2, and 93,1% of signet ring and poorly cohesive/diffuse type GC were graded as G3. Significant correlations were observed between perineural invasion and histological type by Lauren (p<0,043), degree of differentiation (p<0,04) and lymphovascular invasion (p<0,000); between а degree of inflammatory reaction and М status (p<0,022). Conclusion: Precise histological typification of GC is a key to better stratification of the patients. Certain histological types are associated with aggressive tumor behavior, as we found diffuse type to correlate with poor differentiation and presence of perineural invasion. Degree of inflammatory reaction may be an independent indicator of the presence of distant metastases.
Transformative Trajectories: Constructing an Ideal Paradigm for Higher Education with AI Integration
Authors: Zhang Xiaoxia
Published: April 2024

To explore the construction of the ideal paradigm of colleges and universities with artificial intelligence technology in the process of higher personnel training. Using the literature research method, this paper expounds from three aspects: origin, positioning and path. Origin: Artificial intelligence is the reality of technological development in the cultivation of higher talents in the new era, and it is a realistic demand in the cultivation of higher talents, which requires political and ideological empowerment. Positioning: Determining the role of artificial intelligence as an "education assistant", and then clarifying it as a "quasi-subject object", is the basic positioning for the introduction of higher talents at this stage. Paths: 1) Build a teacher-student interconnection model supported by "human-machine collaboration"; 2) Build a smart learning and smart teaching model supported by an "algorithm database"; 3) Establish a "people-oriented" assessment and purpose-led mechanism principle, Deeply improve the quality of the cultivation of higher education personnel in our country's high-level colleges and universities, and promote the final formation of its training pattern.
The Style Transformation of Gu-Zheng Music Based on the Improved Model of Cyclegan
Authors: Yipeng Xiong, Xinyu Hu Yifan Li,
Published: April 2024

In recent years, generative adversarial networks have excelled in the field of image style migration, however their performance in the field of music has been mediocre. Existing music style migration does not work well for style migration of gu-zheng music. In order to solve these problems, we first extract the features of gu-zheng music and the Mel-spectrum features, then use CycleGAN to do style transformation on the combined features and Mel-spectrum features, and then use WaveNet vocoder to decode the migrated spectrograms, and finally achieve the style migration with gu-zheng music. The proposed model was evaluated on the publicly available dataset FMA, and the average style migration rate of the compliant music reached 94.07%. Compared to other algorithms, the music produced by this method outperformed other algorithms in terms of style migration rate and audio quality.
Influence of Functional Training on Special Technical Movement Ability and Athletic Performance of Male Basketball Players
Authors: Yao Yuan
Published: April 2024

Functional training, since Beijing Olympic Games, from field of medical rehabilitation to field of competitive sports, advanced scientific training concepts and training methods have gradually been recognized by domestic competitive sports workers and coaches. Therefore, functional training should be developed to grass-roots team to lay a solid foundation for sustainable development of competitive sports in our country. In this paper, a complete set of functional physical training program is designed by using methods of literature, expert interviews, experiments, mathematical statistics, and logical analysis. Finally, it is found that functional training can improve physical coordination of men's basketball. And symmetry, flexibility of athletes' ankle joints, thoracic spine, shoulder joints and stability of knee joints and cores have been improved, reducing probability of sports injuries, providing a theoretical basis for innovative scientific training of male basketball players in my country.
Comparative Analysis of Fake Product Identification System Using Blockchain Technology
Authors: Aditya Singh, Sangeeta Vhatkar Rishabh Ratnesh Singh, Rishabh Rajavardhan Singh,
Published: April 2024

Fictitious products have emerged as a substantial challenge in the manufacturing sector, inflicting adverse consequences on a company's financial health, reputation, and overall prosperity. Thankfully, blockchain technology provides an effective remedy for discerning fake items and verifying the legitimacy of authentic ones, all within a decentralized and widely distributed digital ledger. Quick Response (QR) codes serve as pivotal tools in the fight against fictitious goods, as each product is now furnished with a QR code that acts as a direct bridge to the blockchain system, essentially bestowing each item with a digital identification card. QR code scanners communicate with the blockchain to promptly validate whether a product is genuine or fictitious. Moreover, customers can harness this technology to track a product's journey through the supply chain and authenticate ownership details, akin to a digital breadcrumb trail that securely preserves product information and unique codes as database blocks. Considering the globalized business landscape and the perpetual advancements in technology, industrial manufacturers and distributors are wholeheartedly committed to optimizing their supply chain processes, ensuring they remain one step ahead of fictitious product proliferation and fortifying their operations against the dissemination of spurious items. In this paper we compare Different Fake product identification Methods like Barcodes, QR Codes, RFID Tags, Serial numbers with methods using Blockchain technology which is having high security, transferability & traceability throughout Supply Chain.
The Intelligent System for Low Recourses Languages for Expanding Language Recourses
Authors: Gulmira Bekmanova
Published: April 2024

This research, funded under the BR11765535 “Development of Scientific and Linguistic Foundations and IT Resources to Expand the Functions and Improve the Culture of the Kazakh Language” project, is aimed at the need to develop the scientific and linguistic foundations of the Kazakh language with a special focus on anthroponymy. The "Akhmettanu" intelligent system, which includes digitized materials based on the scientific heritage of Akhmet Baitursynuly, consists of an ontological model of knowledge on the structural layers of the language, a Kazakh language user interface with the function of adding and correcting new digitized materials. Digitized materials based on the scientist's work "Language-Tool" include a new system of knowledge about the sound, word and sentence system of the language. The main aim of this system is to promote the scientific heritage of Akhmet Baitursynuly by promoting the further development of digitalized knowledge and information tools that affect the development of the Kazakh language.
An Evaluation of Students’ Performance, Implemented Students Immersion and Faculty Qualification of Northwestern University (Nwu): Inputs for Proposed Pre-Baccalaureate Maritime Track Curriculum Enhancement
Authors: Geronimo C. Castro
Published: April 2024

This descriptive study purposed to provide recommendations for curriculum enhancement by evaluating and correlating the academic performances of pre baccalaureate maritime track students and their undergoing of work immersion. Moreover, this study determined the status of qualifications of the faculty members of Northwestern University who are teaching maritime specialized courses and the 80-hour work immersion to their compliance to the prescribed Department of Education (DepEd) and Maritime Industry Authority (MARINA) standards. It was found out that about 80 to 85 percent of the 67 students enrolled in Pre baccalaureate Maritime Strand (PBMS) are satisfactory in their academic performances with regards to the specialized maritime courses including their work immersion. It was evaluated as well that their performance to two of the specialized maritime courses do not significantly correlate with their work immersion except for the subject Maritime Safety. This high percentage of satisfactory performance can be influenced by having faculty members who are highly qualified on the basis of standards set by DepEd and MARINA. It was then recommended that NWU should provide adequate enhancement programs both to the students and faculty to maintain or improve this high satisfactory rate and high quality faculty members.
Health and socioeconomic development and morbidity: A district case in Indonesia
Authors: Wilson Rajagukguk
Published: April 2024

There was a substantial inequality in health status across districts in Indonesia. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between health and socioeconomic development and morbidity in districts in Indonesia. The data used came from the Indonesia Database Policy and Economic Research (INDO-DAPOER) of the World Bank. The unit analysis was district. The observation period was 2011 and 2014. Multiple regression analysis was employed to study the impacts of health and socioeconomic development on morbidity in districts in Indonesia. The dependent variable was the morbidity rate. The health and socioeconomic development variables included the time, number of medical doctors, number of health centres and its line services, monthly per capita household health expenditure, and access to safe sanitation. The results of the study indicate that, in districts in Indonesia, lower morbidity rate was significantly associated with increasing time, higher number of medical doctor, higher number of health centres and its line services, higher monthly per capita household health expenditure, and higher access to safe sanitation. These results imply that to reduce morbidity rate, the regional governments in Indonesia should improve their health and socioeconomic development.
The Development and Effectiveness of the HOTS Mathematical Problem-Solving Framework with the Bar Model Strategy on Student Achievement
Authors: Marzita Puteh, Azrul Azwan Mohd Abdul Aziz, Mazlini Adnan
Published: April 2024

This study aims to develop and assess the effectiveness of the HOTS Mathematical Problem Solving Framework (HMPSF) with the Bar Model Strategy on the achievement of Year Five Students. This study is a design and development study involving three phases. The first phase is a needs analysis study administered to 65 National School Mathematics teachers and 102 Year 5 students. The second phase is the design and development phase using the Fuzzy Delphi method involving 15 experts in Mathematics Education. Phase three is the implementation and testing phase of HMPSF with the Bar Model Strategy. In this phase, the study was conducted through a quasi-experimental design of a non-equivalent group of pre-post analysis involving 63 Year Five students from two schools in Kinta Utara district, Perak, Malaysia. The sampling process is done randomly. Data were analyzed through ANOVA and MANOVA. The needs analysis conducted show that 92.2% of teachers and 98.04% of students stated that there is a need to develop the HMPSF. Fuzzy Delphi analysis showed that the three main conditions were met (i) Threshold value, D ≤ 0.2, (ii) Percentage of expert agreements,> 75% and (iii) α-cut value (Fuzzy score), ≥ 0.5. This finding shows that the HMPSF with the Bar Model Strategy has been successfully developed through the agreement of 15 experts. The findings in phase three indicate that there is a significant difference in the mean of the post-group test for student achievement. The findings of the Multivariate Pillai’s Trace test also show that there is a significant effect between the pre and post-test. In conclusion, the HMPSF with the Bar Model Strategy developed is proven can enhance student achievement. Conclusively, the HMPSF with the Bar Model Strategy is suitable as a main guide for teachers and students in strengthening problem-solving skills in the field of Numbers and Mathematical Operations.