bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CORRUPÇÃO E SUAS CONSEQUÊNCIAS NEFASTAS: O CONTROLE EXTERNO PREVENTIVO E MEIOS ALTERNATIVOS COMO MECANISMO DE COMBATE
Authors: Siqueira Dirceu Pereira , Rosolen André Vinícius
Published: September 2017

O presente trabalho versará sobre o controle externo preventivo desempenhado pelo Tribunal de Contas, pelo Ministério Público e pelos cidadãos e sociedade civil organizada sobre as atividades da Administração Pública brasileira, como meio alternativo de resolução de conflitos judiciais sob a perspectiva do combate à corrupção. Os sistemas preventivos de controle (interno e externo) das atividades da Administração Pública fortalecem os mecanismos de prevenção da corrupção na ordem jurídica, mitigando a possibilidade da prática de atos ilícitos, desvios de finalidades, dilapidação do patrimônio público, malversação dos recursos públicos e a utilização indevida dos bens públicos para satisfazer interesses particulares. Os métodos de pesquisa utilizados foram os bibliográficos e jurisprudenciais com o objetivo de analisar as atribuições fiscalizatórias dos órgãos públicos e da população, bem como dos mecanismos preventivos e alternativos de controle no combate à corrupção. Os benefícios da adoção do controle externo preventivo consistem na racionalização e celeridade do processo, na efetividade e utilidade das decisões administrativas, no auxílio da prévia identificação dos responsáveis e diagnósticos das áreas de riscos da corrupção; na possibilidade de decretação de indisponibilidade de bens e o ressarcimento dos danos causados ao erário de forma administrativa, sem, contudo, restringir o acesso à Justiça quando os instrumentos de controle se tornarem insuficientes e ineficazes para evitar os atos de corrupção. As proposições do controle preventivo como forma de combate à corrupção consistem na elaboração e adoção de um conjunto de medidas extrajudiciais destinadas ao aprimoramento dos sistemas de controle externo dos atos da Administração Pública, como meio alternativo do ajuizamento de ações judiciais.
O PROCESSO ELETRÔNICO DE VOTAÇÃO: AVANÇO OU RETROCESSO?
Authors: Gomes Reginaldo Gonçalves
Published: September 2017

A Justiça Eleitoral foi criada para realizar eleições em todo país em um período em que não havia democracia, sendo certo que o cidadão era objeto de direito e não sujeito de direitos. A instabilidade política justificou nesse primeiro momento o deslocamento de atribuições precipuamente do Executivo para o Judiciário. Todavia, após a Constituição Federal, com o fortalecimento da democracia, do Estado Democrático de Direito, não há razão lógica para a manutenção dessa atribuição da Justiça Eleitoral, mormente porque, com a implantação das urnas eletrônicas, em decorrência da era tecnológica, há necessidade de um diálogo entre os verdadeiros interlocutores desse processo, que são os cidadãos. A Justiça Eleitoral como integrante do Poder Judiciário não está preparada e nem foi criada para promover esse diálogo, uma vez que os juízes sempre tomaram decisões em seus gabinetes, sem participação efetiva do cidadão.
REDES SOCIAIS E COMUNICAÇÃO POPULAR CRÍTICA AO “GARANTISMO PENAL REVERSO” NO ESTADO DO ACRE: O CASO DA CAMPANHA “SOLTEM HILDEBRANDO PASCOAL”
Authors: TELES Tayson Ribeiro
Published: September 2017

Neste artigo analisamos o uso da rede social Facebook no estado do Acre para a criação de uma campanha popular, em 2015, que pedia a soltura, com passagem ao regime semiaberto, do ex-coronel da Polícia Militar do Acre e ex-deputado federal Hildebrando Pascoal. As pessoas que aderiram à campanha implicitamente criticaram o “garantismo penal reverso” imposto pelo Tribunal de Justiça do Acre, que ao não soltar Hildebrando possivelmente estava descumprindo um direito seu. Além disso, os integrantes da campanha também desejaram que Hildebrando “pusesse fim” à criminalidade que ocorria no estado naquele ano, pois o ex-coronel sempre reprimiu com força a criminalidade, antes de ser preso e condenado por vários crimes. Analisamos tal caso concreto em cotejo a caso oposto também ocorrido no Acre, em 2015, quando pessoas invadiram uma delegacia de polícia e mataram um criminoso confesso. Tratamos, portanto, da união de pessoas, em “campanhas populares”, sobre aspectos penais.
A PRÁTICA DO DUMPING SOCIAL NO PROJETO DE LEI Nº4330/2004 E A PRECARIZAÇÃO DAS RELAÇÕES E GARANTIAS TRABALHISTAS
Authors: Dutra Lincoln Zub , Santos Samuel Lima dos
Published: September 2017

O presente trabalho visa abordar pelo viés jurídico e econômico, a temática da presença do dumping social no projeto de lei nº 4330/2004 (que trata da terceirização das atividades-fim da empresa) e seus efeitos nas relações de trabalho e garantias trabalhistas, tema este de substancial relevância frente ao futuro das relações do trabalho como conhecemos hoje. Para tanto será abordado num primeiro momento, de forma breve, o conceito de dumping e sua origem nas relações de cunho econômico até a sua adoção no campo jurídico, perpassando também pela doutrina internacional que lhe deu origem com o conceito do punitive damages do direito norte-americano, e mostrar alguns dos reflexos socioeconômicos presentes nas atividades overseas (Exteriorização das atividades de empresas) para explicar as práticas de concorrência desleal que se apoiam na supressão de garantias mínimas do trabalhador, em detrimento da obtenção de lucro, utilizando mão de obra em países com legislação trabalhista precária ou inexistente. Passaremos até sua chegada na doutrina nacional e o processo de absorção e interiorização do dumping social utilizando a jurisprudência existente dos julgados até então. Por fim, se fará a análise do projeto de lei já mencionado e por meio da correlação entre o texto legal e os conceitos elencados, se buscará de forma conclusiva estabelecer os pontos de conflito entre o modelo de exploração do projeto de lei e as garantias tuteladas pelo direito do trabalho no ordenamento pátrio.
PERAN MEDIASI KEGUNAAN PERSEPSIAN PADA KEPUASAN PENGGUNA SISTEM INFORMASI KEUANGAN DAERAH
Authors: Utama Sendy Cipta , Purnomosidhi Bambang , Andayani Wuryan
Published: September 2017

Abstrak: Peran Mediasi Kegunaan Persepsian pada Kepuasan Pengguna Sistem Informasi Keuangan Daerah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan secara empiris pengaruh kualitas sistem, kualitas informasi, kualitas layanan dan kegunaan persepsian terhadap kepuasan pengguna Sistem Informasi Keuangan Daerah (SIKD). Penelitian ini juga menguji peran mediasi kegunaan persepsian pada pengaruh kualitas sistem, kualitas informasi, kualitas layanan terhadap kepuasan pengguna SIKD. Teknik analisis menggunakan SEM (Structural Equation Modelling). Data didapatkan dari 147 staff pengelola keuangan daerah di seluruh Satuan Kerja Perangkat Daerah (SKPD) di Pemerintah Kota Batu. Sampel dipilih dengan metode judgment sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan semakin baik kualitas informasi dan semakin tinggi kepercayaan pengguna bahwa sistem informasi bermanfaat akan meningkatkan kepuasan pengguna. Selanjutnya, Informasi yang berkualitas akan meningkatkan kepercayaan penggunanya bahwa informasi yang digunakan sebagai dasar pengambilan keputusan semakin baik sehingga berdampak pada meningkatnya kepuasan pengguna. Kata kunci: Kualitas Sistem, Kualitas Informasi, Kualitas Layanan, Kegunaan Persepsian, Kepuasan Pengguna Abstract: The Role of Perceived Usefulness on User Satisfaction of Regional Finance Information System. This study aims to investigate empirically the influence of system quality, information quality, service quality and perceived usefulness on user satisfaction of the Regional Finance Information System. This study also examines the role of perceived usefulness on the effect of system quality, information quality, service quality on user satisfaction. Analysis technique using SEM (Structural Equation Modelling). Data were gathered from 147 staff of the finance management on all Regional Unit in Pemerintah Kota Batu. The samples selected by judgment sampling method. The findings show that the better of information quality and the higher of the user's perceived that the information systems were useful will increase user satisfaction. In addition, information quality will increase user trust on its support to decision making. Thus, will effect on the increase of user satisfaction. Keyword: System Quality, Information Quality, Service Quality, Perceived Usefulness, User Satisfaction
Public policies for post-graduation: expansion and challenges for the professional master in Brazil
Authors: Quaresma Adilene Gonçalves
Published: September 2017

The text presents an analysis and discussion of data about the expansion of professional masters in Brazil in recent years and the challenges that this expansion presents for Brazilian stricto sensu post-graduate programs. The data were collected based on the site of the Sucupira Platform on February 14, 2017, as part of the research entitled Pedagogical Issues of the Professional Master's Degree, developed in the Professional Master in Social Management, Education and Local Development of UNA. This text is structured around two central axes: the first discusses the Educational Policies for stricto sensu post-graduation and the expansion of the Professional Master's Programs, as well as its effects for the expansion of the professional masters; and the second presents the methodological procedures, analysis and discussion of the data. Among the conclusions, it is highlighted that the expansion of the professional master's degree has been higher in the Southeast region of Brazil and led by public institutions. Another important aspect of this expansion is the diversity of courses, which demonstrates the concern of the offering institutions with the local and regional socioeconomic and cultural demands, as well as attention to the characteristics of the professional master's degree.
LATERALIZATION OF THE BIOELECTRIC BRAIN ACTIVITY AS A PREDICTOR OF MOTIVATIONAL AND COGNITIVE PROCESSES
Authors: Khokhlova L. A. , Deryagina L. E.
Published: September 2017

The conducted research was devoted to the study of influence of the laterality pattern of the bioelectric brain activity on the formation of foreign language acquisition abilities based on the actualization of motivational and cognitive processes. Medical students (n=620) studying at the Foreign Language Department took part in the research. Investigation of the bioelectric brain activity was carried out by EEG with the use of a 16-channel Neiron Spectr 3 (Russia) electroencephalograph. Aspiration level (motives) was revealed by V.K. Gerbachevskij Inventory (1969). Elers test was used to determine achievement and avoid-ance motivation. The level of state and trait anxiety was assessed by C. Spielberger-Ju. Hanin Inventory. Correlation between the motive choice and peculiarities of the bioelectric brain activity was determined. Being a success marker of foreign language acquisition abilities, the academic achievement is likely to be a reflection of the learning efficiency dependence on the laterality pattern of the bioelectric brain activity, motivational behavior. As a rule, students with achievement motivation predominance (well advanced students) relied on their own ab-ilities, aimed at self-actualization and tried to solve problems requiring effort. The predo-minance of motive of avoidance in the motivational structure of the personality in poorly ad-vanced students of the right profile had a negative influence on the course of cognitive processes, manifested in low efficiency of formation of foreign-verbal abilities.
IXODES TICK-BORNE BORRELIOSES: MODERN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL SITUATION IN THE CENTER OF THE EUROPEAN PART OF RUSSIA
Authors: Polishchuk М. V. , Zdol'nik T. D. , Smetanin V. N.
Published: September 2017

Ixodes tick-borne borrelioses occupy one of the leading places in terms of morbidity and socio-economic damage among the natural foci of zoonotic infections in our country. Expansion of the range distribution of pathogens Lyme disease along with the widespread increase in the size of the main vectors of infection (ticks) determines the relevance of the study of the epidemiological characteristics of Lyme disease in areas that until recently were considered safe from the disease. This study was conducted to identify the level, dynamics and disease distribution patterns of Ixodes tick-born borreliosis in areas of Сentral European part of Russia, located in different climatic zones. Based on statistical data and reports from the Russian Federal Service for Oversight of Consumer Protection and Welfare- Rospotrebnadzor and Center of Hygiene and Epidemiology in Moscow, Ryazan and Tula regions for the 1992-2015 years, it has been shown that the incidence of Lyme disease increases moving from south to north as well as from the forest-steppe natural-climatic zone to the southern Taiga zone. The most epidemiologically disadvantaged region by Ixodes tick-born borreliosis amongst the studied regions was Moscow region, where the average annual incidence rate was 2,6 per 100 000 population. In all three areas, despite the differences in the species composition of mites and their degree of infection, there is an annual increase in morbidity due to Lyme borreliosis. The findings confirm the need for preventive measures against Ixodes tick-born borreliosis, the most significant being territorial coverage with acaricidal treatments.
PROGNOSIS OF SYMPTOMATIC EPILEPSY DEVELOPMENT IN PATIENTS WITH BRAIN TUMORS THROUGH ANALYSIS OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS AND BINARY LOGISTIC REGRESSION
Authors: Мiranda A. A. , Zorin R. A. , Zhadnov V. A.
Published: September 2017

Aim: this study was aimed at identifying prognostic potential of electroencephalo- graphic and cardiointervalometric neurophysiological parameters using logistic regression modeling in patients with brain tumors manifesting with symptomatic epilepsy.

Methods: the primary group of participants in the study consisted of 88 patients, aged 22 to 83 years admitted at Ryazan State regional hospital neurosurgical department with brain tumor as the admitting diagnosis. The control group consisted of 20 relatively healthy individuals of equal gender distribution. The primary group was further subdivided into groups of patients with brain tumor associated epilepsy and brain tumors with no epileptic seizures. Five minute electrocardiogram as well as electroencephalograms were recorded in 3 functional probes (baseline, hyperventilation and post-hyperventilation) on admission followed by statistical correlational analysis and logistic regression.

Results: based on significantly strong correlations the selected electroencephalogram predictor factors included Average power of the delta wave diapazon in F3-A1 and O2-A2 during hyperventilation probe as well as Mode (Mo) and very low frequency component of total power (%VLF) cardiointer- val parameters during post-hyperventilation probe. Selected predictors used in the logistic regression model were able to predict possible prognosis in patients with brain tumor induced epilepsy with 73% sensitivity and 96% specificity.

Conclusion: logistic regression analysis of pre-defined neurophysiological predictor factors is perspective in neurooncological patients including patients with brain tumor induced epilepsy in terms of its clinical prognostic value and structuring of complex and effective treatment schemes.
Efficacy of the early administration of valacyclovir hydrochloride for the treatment of neuropathogenic equine herpesvirus type-1 infection in horses
Authors: Maxwell Lara K. , Bentz Bradford G. , Gilliam Lyndi L. , Ritchey Jerry W. , Pusterla Nicola , Eberle R. , Holbrook Todd C. , McFarlane Dianne , Rezabek Grant B. , Meinkoth James , Whitfield Chase , Goad Carla L. , Allen George P.
Published: September 2017

OBJECTIVE To determine whether prophylactic administration of valacyclovir hydrochloride versus initiation of treatment at the onset of fever would differentially protect horses from viral replication and clinical disease attributable to equine herpesvirus type-1 (EHV-1) infection.

ANIMALS 18 aged mares.

PROCEDURES Horses were randomly assigned to receive an oral placebo (control), treatment at detection of fever, or prophylactic treatment (initiated 1 day prior to viral challenge) and then inoculated intranasally with a neuropathogenic strain of EHV-1. Placebo or valacyclovir was administered orally for 7 or 14 days after EHV-1 inoculation or detection of fever (3 horses/group). Effects of treatment on viral replication and clinical disease were evaluated. Plasma acyclovir concentrations and viremia were assessed to determine inhibitory concentrations of valacyclovir.

RESULTS Valacyclovir administration decreased shedding of virus and viremia, compared with findings for control horses. Rectal temperatures and clinical disease scores in horses that received valacyclovir prophylactically for 2 weeks were lower than those in control horses. The severity of but not the risk for ataxia was decreased by valacyclovir administration. Viremia was decreased when steady-state trough plasma acyclovir concentrations were > 0.8 μg/mL, supporting the time-dependent activity of acyclovir.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Valacyclovir treatment significantly decreased viral replication and signs of disease in EHV-1–infected horses; effects were greatest when treatment was initiated before viral inoculation, but treatment was also effective when initiated as late as 2 days after inoculation. During an outbreak of equine herpesvirus myeloencephalopathy, antiviral treatment may be initiated in horses at various stages of infection, including horses that have not yet developed signs of viral disease.
Simulasi dan Verifikasi Prestasi Terbang Model Remote Control Flying Boat Saat Hidroplaning
Authors: Syamsuar Sayuti
Published: September 2017

Pesawat Wing In Surface Effect A2B tipe B konfigurasi Lippisch mempunyai hambatan air yang cukup besar dibandingkan tenaga mesin saat hydroplaning. Makalah ini berisikan bagian dari analisis dalam perancangan untuk mengetahui karakteristik aerodinamika dan hidrodinamika dari remote control model jenis Flying Boat pada fase hydroplaning. Pada awalnya, dilakukan pemotretan 3D terhadap pesawat model Flying Boat menggunakan kamera laser untuk menghasilkan solid drawing pada program CATIA. Model 3D dianalisis dengan menggunakan piranti lunak CFx pada program AnSys. Planform sayap, memiliki dihedral dan menggunakan airfoil jenis NACA 23012. Karakteristik aerodinamika dan hidrodinamika untuk model 3 D dipresentasikan pada posisi sudut alpha =00. Sedangkan kecepatan yang digunakan adalah 0 sampai25 knots. Untuk memverifikasi data hasil simulasi, digunakan data uji terbang pesawat udara tanpa awak Alap-alap yang mempunyai T/W rasio yang sama, yaitu sudut pitch, kecepatan arah sumbu Z pada sumbu benda, ketinggian dan kecepatan. Gaya angkat aerodimaka arah sumbu Z pada simulasi RC model Flying Boat sebanding dengan gaya angkat aerodinamika arah sumbu Z pada UAV Alap-alap saat take off.

[The Hydroplaning Flight Performance Simulation and Verfication of a Flying Boat Remote Control Model] The Wing in Surface Effect Aircraft A2B type B with Lippisch configuration has higher hydrodynamics drag compared to engine powered aircraft during hydroplaning. This paper explains parts of analysis in aircraft design to identify the aerodynamics and hydrodynamics characteristics of flying boat remote control model during hydroplaning phase. At first, flying boat model was three dimensional photographed using laser camera in order to produce solid drawing for CATIA program. The three dimensional model, later, analyzed by using CFx software in AnSys program. The wing planform has dihedral angle while the airfoil used is NACA 23012. The aerodynamics and hydrodynamics characteristics of this three-dimensional model is represented for alpha =00. Whilst the speed used in simulation was 0 to 25 knots. In verifying the data of the simulation results, the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle UAV Alap-alap flight test data was used in which it has the same T/W ratio for the pitch angle, acceleration in Z body axis, altitude, and speed. The aerodynamics lift in Z axis of flying boat model during simulation is proportional to the aerodynamics lift in Z axis of UAV Alap-alap during take-off.
Kajian Desain Kelaiktabrakan Pesawat Terbang
Authors: Jusuf Annisa , Afdhal Afdhal , Mora Minda
Published: September 2017

Lalu lintas penerbangan di Indonesia mengalami tren peningkatan dari tahun ke tahun. Peningkatan frekuensi penggunaan pesawat terbang tentunya akan meningkatkan kemungkinan kejadian kecelakaan. Konsep kelaiktabrakan pesawat terbang menjadi hal penting yang perlu mendapat perhatian untuk mencegah kerusakan struktur dan cedera pada penumpang. Desain kelaiktabrakan struktur pesawat berada pada tahapan desain awal yang terintegrasi kedalam proses desain pesawat secara keseluruhan. Struktur subfloor pada pesawat terbang menjadi bagian yang digunakan untuk menyerap energi kinetik tabrakan dalam kasus pembebanan vertikal pada pesawat terbang. Crash box merupakan komponen pada subfloor yang akan menyerap energi kinetik tabrakan dengan mengubahnya menjadi deformasi plastis.

[A Review of Aircraft Crashworthiness Design] Air traffic in Indonesia is experiencing a positive trend in recent years. The increase in the frequency of aircraft operation might particularly increase the possibility of accidents occurrence. Aircraft crashworthiness concept becomes an important matter that need to be considered in order to prevent structural damage and injuries to the passengers. Aircraft structural crashworthiness design is developed in the aircraft preliminary design phase which is, later, integrated into the overall aircraft design process. Aircraft subfloor structure is the part of the aircraft that is used to restrain the kinetic energy of a collision in the case of vertical loading on the aircraft. Subsequently, crash box is a component of the subfloor that will absorb collisions kinetic energy by turning it into plastic deformation.
Desain dan Eksperimen Uji Getaran di Tanah dari Model Separuh Sayap Pesawat N219
Authors: Syamsuar Sayuti , Gunawan Leonardo , Widiramdhani Martina , Kartika Nina
Published: September 2017

Fenomena flutter merupakan salah satu fenomena yang kritis dan dapat membahayakan pesawat. Ketika, pesawat terbang semakin cepat dan mencapai kecepatan flutter, maka akan terjadi ketidakstabilan struktur. Oleh sebab itu, untuk menjamin keselamatan Pilot saat uji terbang, perlu dilakukan analisis awal pada kecepatan flutter. Uji terowongan angin selalu dilakukan untuk memvalidasi hasil dari analisis numerikal. Penelitian ini meliputi analisis program NASTRAN pada model separuh sayap pesawat N219 saat uji getaran di tanah. Prediksi kecepatan flutter secara analisis hampir sama dengan hasil uji terowongan angin. Parameter modus struktur yang ditemukan, seperti frekuensi natural, modus getar dan rasio redaman, dapat digunakan untuk analisis parameter flutter sebagai metoda analisis baru.

[The Design and Experiment of Ground Vibration Test of N219 Aircraft Half Wing Model] Flutter phenomena is a critical phenomenon that can be dangerous for aircraft. When an aircraft fly faster until reach flutter speed, the structure will become unstable. Therefore, it is important to conduct preliminary analysis of flutter speed to ensure the safety of Pilot. Wind tunnel test is necessary to be conducted to validate numerical analysis results. This research consist of NASTRAN software analysis of half wing model of N219 aircraft for ground vibration test. The prediction of flutter speed which is obtained from software analysis is similar with the wind tunnel test result. It is found that the modus parameter of structure like natural frequency, modus of vibration and damping ratio can be used on the parameter analysis as a new analysis method.
Evaluasi Kinerja Infrastruktur Transportasi Udara di Ibukota Provinsi
Authors: Rarasati Ayomi D. , Mohammad Imran H. , Latief Yusuf
Published: September 2017

Adanya penurunan kualitas infrastruktur transportasi di Indonesia menjadikan penelitian mengenai perbedaan kondisi antara kebutuhan dan kemampuan sektor transportasi udara perlu untuk dilaksanakan dalam rangka peningkatan kinerja infrastruktur transportasi udara. Artikel ini menitikberatkan pada analisa jumlah dan pertumbuhan penumpang, jumlah dan pertumbuhan kargo dan juga kebijakan yang diterapkan oleh pemerintah terkait infrastruktur transportasi udara. Berdasarkan analisa multi kriteria yang didapatkan dari data primer dan sekunder, penelitian yang bersifat eksploratif ini akan memberikan gambaran kondisi infrastruktur transportasi udara berdasarkan lalu lintas udara di infrastruktur bandara dan beberapa sudut pandang pemangku kepentingan seperti pemerintah pusat, pemerintah daerah, akademisi dan praktisi. Peningkatan pertumbuhan penumpang merupakan indikator utama kinerja transportasi udara sedangkan pertumbuhan barang hanya sebagai indikator sekunder jika dinilai dari sudut pandang pemerintah pusat maupun pemerintah daerah.

[The Evaluation of Air Transportation Infrastructure Performance in Indonesian Capital Province] The research related to the difference between supply and demand of air transportation due to the decrease in the quality of the transportation infrastructure in Indonesia is needed in order to improve the performance of the air transportation infrastructure. This paper focuses on the analysis of the number and growth of passengers, the number and growth of cargos, and related government policies in air transportation sector. Based on multi-criteria analysis derived from primary and secondary data, this exploratory study will provide the condition of air transportation infrastructure based on the air traffic at the airport and several stakeholders perspectives such as central government, local government, academics and practitioners. The increase in passenger growth is the key indicator of air transportation performance while the cargo growth only serves as the secondary indicator if measured from the viewpoint of the central government and local government.
UMA NOVA ORDEM HERMENÊUTICA À CONSTITUICIONALIZAÇÃO DO DIREITO PRIVADO.
Authors: Gibran Sandro Mansur , Ribeiro Marcia Carla Pereira
Published: September 2017

O artigo tem por propósito específico questionar os efeitos gerados pela chamada constitucionalização do Direito Privado. Utilizando-se de método dedutivo, sistemático, histórico e analítico, conclui-se que os princípios constitucionais não devem ser vistos como sobrepostos e incompatíveis, mas sim conciliados de forma a se dar a mais ampla efetividade às determinações constitucionais.
OS DIREITOS HUMANOS NA PÓS-MODERNIDADE
Authors: Bergamaschi Igor Felipe , Both Laura Garbini
Published: September 2017

O trabalho busca fazer uma relação entre o fenômeno da pós-modernidade e a natureza dos Direitos Humanos, mais especificamente entre a influência das novas perspectivas pós-modernas no entendimento dos Direitos Humanos. O objetivo é problematizaraté que ponto as mudanças intensas de paradigmas teóricos e políticos reverberaram na compreensão dessas duas dimensõese quais os desafios de respostas edesdobramentos deste cenárioque influenciam diretamenteas relações sociais e jurídicasna sociedade contemporânea.
Explaining the entropy concept and entropy components
Authors: Popovic Marko
Published: September 2017

Total entropy of a thermodynamic system consists of two components: thermal entropy due to energy, and residual entropy due to molecular orientation. In this article, a three-step method for explaining entropy is suggested. Step one is to use a classical method to introduce thermal entropy STM as a function of temperature T and heat capacity at constant pressure Cp: STM = ∫(Cp/T) dT. Thermal entropy is the entropy due to uncertainty in motion of molecules and vanishes at absolute zero (zero-point energy state). It is also the measure of useless thermal energy that cannot be converted into useful work. The next step is to introduce residual entropy S0 as a function of the number of molecules N and the number of distinct orientations available to them in a crystal m: S0 = N kB ln m, where kB is the Boltzmann constant. Residual entropy quantifies the uncertainty in molecular orientation. Residual entropy, unlike thermal entropy, is independent of temperature and remains present at absolute zero. The third step is to show that thermal entropy and residual entropy add up to the total entropy of a thermodynamic system S: S = S0 + STM. This method of explanation should result in a better comprehension of residual entropy and thermal entropy, as well as of their similarities and differences. The new method was tested in teaching at Faculty of Chemistry University of Belgrade, Serbia. The results of the test show that the new method has a potential to improve the quality of teaching.
Evaluation of the reconsolidation of traumatic memories protocol for the treatment of PTSD: a randomized, wait-list-controlled trial
Authors: Tylee Daniel S. , Gray Richard , Glatt Stephen J. , Bourke Frank
Published: September 2017

Introduction: The reconsolidation of traumatic memories (RTM) is a cognitive intervention for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) believed to employ reconsolidation blockade with significant potential as a cost-effective and empirically supported treatment. This is the second empirical evaluation of the intervention. Methods: This study used a randomized wait-list-controlled design ( n=30) to examine the efficacy of three sessions of RTM among male Veterans having high symptom scores on the PTSD Symptom Scale Interview (PSS-I) and the PTSD Checklist – military version (PCL-M) with current-month flashbacks and nightmares. Of the 55 volunteers, 30 met inclusion criteria and participated in the study, 15 each were randomly assigned to treatment and control conditions. After completing a six-week wait period, control subjects also received the intervention. Results: Data analyses suggest that RTM was superior to control. There were significant pre-post treatment improvements across measures of PTSD. Gains were maintained at 6 and 12-month follow-ups. At six months post, within group RTM effect sizes (Hedges' g) ranged from 2.79 to 5.33. Further, at six months post, 88% of those treated had lost the DSM diagnosis for PTSD: 15% had lost DSM diagnosis (CPL-M<50 and DSM criteria not met) and 73% were in complete remission from all symptoms (PCL-M<30). Therapist competence and adherence to treatment protocols were both strong. Patient satisfaction with the intervention was high. Discussion: Study limitations and implications for the assessment and treatment of Veterans with PTSD are discussed.
A model of military to civilian transition: Bourdieu in action
Authors: Cooper Linda , Caddick Nick , Godier Lauren , Cooper Alex , Fossey Matt , Engward Hilary
Published: September 2017

Building on recent work that used the ideas of sociologist Pierre Bourdieu to construct a theoretical framework for considering military to civilian transition (MCT), this article introduces a practical approach to develop the use of this theory into an adaptable framework to explore factors that affect MCT. We have devised a model of MCT called the Model of Transition in Veterans (MoTiVe) to explore why an enduring attachment to the military exists for Veterans and to develop an understanding of how “looking back” on life events experienced in the military may cause difficulty for some in transition. We use Bourdieusian theory to consider the adjustment of military personnel back into civilian life, taking into account the importance of individual variances in socio-economic trajectories, life stories, and subsequent discrepancies between the norms of the military and civilian environments. We suggest that MoTiVe is a useful tool to reflect on how life experiences, both within and outside of the Armed Forces, affect the transition process, which can also be adapted to consider periods of transition in all walks of life.
First access to the ocean beneath Ekströmisen, Antarctica, by means of hot-water drilling
Authors: Nixdorf U. , Oerter H. , Miller H.
Published: September 2017

A hot-water drill developed during the past 2 years at Alfred-Wegener- Institut was used to penetrate Ekströmisen several times near the German wintering-over base, Neumayer (70°39´S, 08° 15´W). The drilling operation was very successful and the initial large diameter (≥ 35 cm) allowed easy access to the ocean. One hole was used to install an ultrasonic echo-sounder which recorded the ablation at the ice-shelf bottom continuously. Another hole was destined for emplacement of a thermistor string throughout the 237 m thick ice shelf for ice-temperature measurements. Several CTD profiles in the 175 m deep water column and the analysis of water samples provided valuable data for the understanding of ice-shelf-ocean interactions.
Electrical resistivity measurements on Ice Stream B, Antarctica
Authors: Shabtaie S. , Bentley C.R.
Published: September 2017

Electrical resistivity sounding using the four-electrode Schlumberger array was carried out at station UpB on Ice Stream B to an electrode spacing of 3 km. Measured apparent resistivities were compared with theoretical models based on known relations between resistivity, density and temperature. Densities were measured in a pit and two coreholes; temperatures were measured in the upper 200 m of the ice stream and have been calculated for greater depth from an ice-stream temperature model. The resistivity, after correction for density and temperature, increases with depth down to 650-700 m. Below that is a marked decrease over the next 100m or so that we correlate with the Holocene-Wisconsin transition zone. Still deeper there is an orders-of-magnitude increase to a value, in the basal ice, of 30 MΩ m or more. This extremely high resistivity is similar to that reported for temperate glaciers and deep in the Antarctic ice sheet elsewhere. We attribute it to the destruction, by extensive metamorphism, of impurity-conduction paths at two-grain boundaries
Analysis of satellite radar-altimeter return wave forms over the East Antarctic ice Sheet
Authors: Yi D. , Bentley C.R.
Published: September 2017

The precision of satellite-radar altimetry over the Antarctic ice sheet can be improved by using a physically based retracking algorithm on the altimeter returns ("wave forms"). Ridley and Partington (1988) have shown that both surface and volume-scattering affect the shape of the return. Here, we develop a model that is based on a variable combination of surface- and volume-scattering and determine the model parameters through least-square fitting to the observed wave forms. The model parameters include surface roughness, proportion of volume-scattering, extinction coefficient and an amplitude coefficient. Geosat data collected over a test sector of the East Antarctic ice sheet have been analyzed to find quantitative estimates of seasonal and geographic variations of the several parameters. Our results show that the effect of volume-scattering can change the elevation measurement over the inland part of the East Antarctic ice sheet by more than I m and that there are both spatial and temporal variations; temporal variations are less significant than spatial variations.
High-resolution radar on Ice Stream B2, Antarctica: measurements of electromagnetic wave speed in firn and strain history from buried crevasses
Authors: Clarke T. S. , Bentley C. R.
Published: September 2017

Two types of experiments were performed near Upstream B Camp on Ice Stream B2 using a high-resolution ground-penetrating radar system. In the first type of experiment, tracking a metal drill tip through the upper 85 m of the ice column indicated an approximately linear decrease of wave speed with depth down to 50 m, with a constant speed of 170 ± 4 m µs−1 below. We believe the (unexpected) linearity may have been caused by one or more buried crevasses. In the second experiment, a survey of a 250 km2 grid showed a population of buried crevasses at about 30 m depth that have an estimated burial age of 210 ± 25 years, which is taken to indicate that this ice has been exhibiting streaming behavior for at least that length of time. One 3 km segment along the edge of the survey area nearest the center of the stream showed virtually flat, undisrupted stratigraphy down to the maximum depth of our measurements. The fact that this ice was accelerated from near-zero speed to its present 440 m a−1 without cracking or folding suggests that this ice may have been incorporated into the ice stream as a solid block.
Indication of a dilatant bed near Downstream B Camp, Ice Stream B, Antarctica
Authors: Atre S. R. , Bentley C. R.
Published: September 2017

Phases of seismic P-wave reflections from the bed of Ice Stream B ata site on its ice plain have been examined. The survey comprised a 36 km line at ashallow angle (18°) to ice movement and four 3.6 km cross lines. Reversed-phase and unreversed-phase reflections each characterize about half the bed. The corresponding zones can be correlated in stripes quasi-parallel to ice movement. We take this as support for a model previously developed that relates the zones to different types of subglacial sediment dragged along by the ice. There is also evidence for patches of pooled water.
A water-piracy hypothesis for the stagnation of Ice Stream C, Antarctica
Authors: Alley R. B. , Anandakrishnan S. , Bentley C. R. , Lord N.
Published: September 2017

Water piracy by Ice Stream B, West Antarctica, may have caused neighboring Ice Stream C to stop. The modern hydrologic potentials near the upstream end of the main trunk of Ice Stream C are directing water from the C catchment into Ice Stream B. Interruption of water supply from the catchment would have reduced water lubrication on bedrock regions projecting through lubricating basal till and stopped the ice stream in a few years or decades, short enough to appear almost instantaneous. This hypothesis explains several new data sets from Ice Stream C and makes predictions that might be testable.
Temporal variations of microwave brightness temperatures over Antarctica
Authors: Sherjal I. , Fily M.
Published: September 2017

Passive microwave brightness temperatures from the Special Sensor Microwave Imager (SSMI) are studied together with surface air temperatures from two Automatic Weather Stations (AWS) for the year 1989. One station is located on the East Antarctic plateau (Dome C) and the other on the Ross lee Shelf (Lettau).The satellite data for frequencies 19, 22 and 37 GHz with vertical polarization,centered on the two AWS stations, are studied. A simple thermodynamic model and asimple radiative-transfer model, that takes into account the snow temperature profile and assumes a constant annual emissivity, are proposed. The combination of these two models enables us to compute extinction coefficients, penetration depths and toretrieve the measured brightness temperature variations from the AWS surface temperatures. Afterwards, this model is reversed in order to retrieve the snow-surface temperatures from the satellite data. Results are promising but strong approximationsand a priori knowledge of the extinction coefficient are still needed at this point.
Vostok (Antarctica) climate record time-scale deduced from the analysis of a borehole-temperature profile
Authors: Salamatin A.N. , Lipenkov V.YA. , Blinov K.V.
Published: September 2017

Several sets of temperature measurements were carried out in 1972- 88 in the Vostok boreholes. They have provided the ice-sheet temperature profile down to a depth of 2000 m. The accuracy of the profile is sufficient to analyze perturbations induced by the surface-temperature variations over the last climatic cycle. The mathematical model developed for the ice-temperature computation is applied to solve an inverse problem. The amplitudes and phase lags of the main harmonic components in the surface-temperature variations are reconstructed on the basis of fitting the calculated ice-temperature profile to the experimental one with the assumption that Milankovich's cycles (100, 41, 23 and 19 kyear) are dominant in the climate oscillations. The paleotemperature record simulated with the inverse procedure is revealed to be insensitive to the model parameters varied within the range of their uncertainty. Minimal standard deviation between calculated and measured temperature profiles is found of the same order as the reproducibility of the temperature measurements (0.005-0.01°C). Although the simulated temperature-time curve obtained in this study does not contain short-term variations, all the main climate events predicted from the ice-core isotope analysis can be recognized. Thus, the age of the events can be verified independently of the ice-sheet dynamics dating. The resultant time-scale for the Vostok record appears to be in good agreement with the dating of climate events recorded in deep-sea sediments.
Spatial variations of local climate at Taylor Dome, Antarctica: implications for paleoclimate from ice cores
Authors: Waddington E.D. , Morse D.L.
Published: September 2017

10m firn temperatures are commonly used on the Antarctic plateau to estimate mean annual air temperatures. 10m firn temperatures measured at Taylor Dome (also referred to as McMurdo Dome in the literature), Antarctica, are influenced by a factor other than altitude and latitude that varies systematically across Taylor Dome. Some inter-related factors possibly contributing to the modern temperature variability are differences in sensible heat from warm or cold air masses, differences in wind strength and source region, differences in temperature inversion strength and differences in cloudiness. Our preliminary data are compatible with spatially variable katabatic winds that could control the winter temperature inversion strength to provide a large part of the signal. This has implications for paleoclimate studies.(1) Variations of the stable isotopes δ18O and δD from ice cores are a proxy for paleotemperature. The isotope thermometer is calibrated by comparing local isotope ratios with corresponding measured temperatures. In order to derive a useful isotope-temperature calibration, we must understand the processes that control the modern spatial variability of temperature. (2) In order to quantify past changes in local climate, we must understand processes that influence local spatial variability. If those processes differed in the past, ice-core climate reconstruction would be affected in two ways: through alteration of the geochemical record and through alteration of deep ice and firn temperatures.
Post-drilling recrystallization of the Byrd Station deep ice core and its relevance to current and future deep-core drilling on polar ice sheets
Authors: Gow A.J.
Published: September 2017

Cores of highly strained ice recovered from depths of 1200–1800 m at Byrd Station in 1967–68 have been found to have recrystallized while in storage in the United States. Such recrystallization, inferred to have occurred when temperatures in the storage facility rose above about – 14°C, would not have been discovered if thin sections of the cores had not been prepared and photographed at the drill site within hours of pulling the cores to the surface. It was only after new sections of the long stored cores were compared with the original sections that the full extent of recrystallization was revealed. The recrystallized structure emulates in both texture and fabric those observed in naturally annealed ice in the bottom 350 m at Byrd Station. It is concluded that polar ice cores should be stored at temperatures of –20°C or colder in order to inhibit or minimize post-drilling recrystallization.
Surface mass balance in east Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica, observed by Japanese Antarctic Research Expeditions
Authors: Takahashi Shuhei , Ageta Yutaka , Fujii Yoshtyuki , Watanabe Okitsugu
Published: September 2017

The surface mass balance in east Dronning Maud Land has been observed mainlvbv means of the snow-stake method. The surface mass balance generallv decreased with distance from the coast; from more than 250 mm a−1 in the coastal region to less than 50 mm a−1 in the inland region higher than 3500 m in altitude. At Mizuho Station (2230 m a.s.l.). the sublimation was about 50 mm a−1. precipitation was between 140 and 260 mm a−1, and the loss from the surface by theredistribution was estimated to be about 100 mm a−1, which agrees with the surface mass balance estimated as 70 mm a−1 from the grain-growth rate. Around the mountainous area, the balance was small or in some cases negative, where a bare-ice field has developed. In the inland area, 3000– 3200 m a.s.l..the surface mass balance was less than 50 mm a−1, i.e. lower than in the surrounding areas. This low mass-balance area can be explained bv redistribution by the drifting snow. The whole mass input in five drainage basins with a total area of 620 × 103 km2 is 61.2Gton a−1 and the mean surface mass balance is 99 mm a−1.
Decay of surface topography on the Ross Ice Shelf, Antarctica
Authors: Casassa Gino , Whillans Ian M.
Published: September 2017

The time decay of surface undulations is modeled analytically. The particular application is the decay of flow stripes on the Ross Ice Shelf that emanate from Byrd Glacier. The model predicts two extreme undulation types. One extreme, which we term the buckle solution, has a decay time of only 13 years. The other, the pinch-and-swell case, can persist much longer (700 years), because each surface ridge is underlain by deep roots. Flow stripes may originate as a combination of both the buckle and pinch-and-swell extremes, but only the pinch-and-swell aspect is predicted to survive in the ice shelf The predicted decay time and that measured from satellite imagery are in close agreement.
Glacier disequilibrium in the Convoy Range, Transantarctic Mountains, Antarctica
Authors: Chinn T.J.
Published: September 2017

Field work for a geological map of the Convoy Range included mapping glaciers, moraines and surficial deposits. A range of glaciological indicators, including supraglacial and other moraines and margin morphology, has been used to assess the present equilibrium of the glaciers. Fields of rafted supraglacial moraine have accumulated over long periods of time at specific low-gradient, low-velocity locations. As the glacier regime changes, the shape of the moraine field distorts, signalling a change in flow pattern. By reversing the ice flow vectors directed at the moraine field, the directions from whence the debris came are shown. Unsorting the contortions of supraglacial moraine fields reveals the nature of the changes in glacier regime. Moraine-field configurations all suggest that local glaciers are expanding in response to higher local precipitation, estimated to have occurred between 2000 and 8000 year BP, most likely coincident with the world-wide “climatic optimum” of about 6000 year BP.

Ice-cliff morphology, fresh terminal moraines and boulder trains indicate that larger local glaciers are currently receding from a Holocene maximum, while the margin of the large Mackay Ice Sheet outlet glacier shows no evidence of recent recession and is probably close to its Holocene maximum. In contrast, areas of present snow cover are expanding, superimposing a recent positive balance (decades to hundreds of years), which has yet to reverse a general recession of mid- to high-altitude glaciers. Local hollows in some névé areas imply that glacier flow is not in equilibrium with snow accumulation.