bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association of phase angle with sarcopenia in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis: A case–control study
Authors: Alirezaei Amirhesam , Miladipour Amirhossein , Asgari Navid , Latifi Marzieh , Fazeli Seyed Amirhossein
Published: July 2024

Background:

Sarcopenia, characterized by reduced muscle strength and mass, is commonly observed in patients with kidney disease. This study aimed to investigate the factors that influence sarcopenia in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (HD patients).

Materials and Methods:

A case–control study was conducted from 2022 to 2023, involving a total of 137 HD patients receiving regular dialysis. Relevant data were collected, and based on diagnostic criteria, patients were classified into sarcopenia and nonsarcopenia groups. All patients received polysulfone membrane HD at a flow rate of 500 mL/min. Bioelectrical impedance analysis was used to evaluate phase angle (PhA), muscle volume, and body composition.

Results:

The prevalence of sarcopenia among maintenance HD patients was found to be 40.14%. There was a higher proportion of women (76.36%) with sarcopenia compared to men (P < 0.001). Furthermore, a significant difference was observed in PhA (P < 0.006) between patients undergoing maintenance HD with and without sarcopenia. PhA was positively associated with body mass index, body cell mass, basal metabolic rate, fat-free mass, soft lean mass, and minerals, whereas age and skeletal muscle index showed an inverse significant correlation.

Conclusion:

Sarcopenia, a condition associated with increased mortality risk, affects a considerable proportion of dialysis patients. It is imperative to urgently identify and develop preventive and therapeutic strategies to counteract the detrimental effects of sarcopenia on the health outcomes of kidney patients.
Success rate and complications of performing elective ureteroscopy in <1 week versus over 1 week from renal colic initiation in ureteral stones larger than 6 mm
Authors: Kazemi Reza , Javid Amir , Ghandehari Amir Hossein , Salehi Hanieh
Published: July 2024

Background:

The aim of this study was to compare the outcomes, success rate, and complications of performing elective ureteroscopy at different times: <1 week from renal colic initiation (early) and more than 1 week from renal colic initiation (late) in patients with ureteral stone larger than 6 mm.

Materials and Methods:

This comparative observational study was conducted on 338 consecutive patients. Patients were evaluated in two groups: patients who underwent ureteroscopy in <1 week (A) and patients who underwent ureteroscopy in more than 1 week (B) from renal colic initiation. Helical unenhanced computed tomography was used to assess the size, location, and hardness of stone for all patients. Operation success was defined as complete clearance of stone with no stone residue (stone free) at 2-week postoperative ultrasonography with no need to further interventions. Operation data were collected using medical records, and postoperative complications were investigated at 2 weeks postoperative follow-up visits.

Results:

Group A included 165 patients and Group B included 173 patients. The overall mean stone size was 8.60 ± 1.12 mm: for Group A 9.13 ± 0.94 mm and for Group B 8.10 ± 1.04 mm (P < 0.001). Stone residues were found in 11 patients: 9 in Group A (5.4%) and 2 in Group B (1.1%) (P = 0.026). Nine patients needed repeated ureteroscopy: 8 (4.8%) in Group A and 1 (0.6%) in Group B (P = 0.015). A double-J stent was used for 85 (51.5%) patients in Group A and 66 (38.2%) patients in Group B (P = 0.016). Major intraoperative complications did not happen in any patients. Fifty-three (32.1%) patients in Group A and 28 (16.2%) patients in Group B suffered from postoperative complications (P = 0.001).

Conclusion:

Our study revealed that performing elective ureteroscopy with an interval of more than 1 week from the onset of renal colic in combination with medical treatments was associated with less need for double-J stent placement, less need for repeated ureteroscopy, and fewer postoperative complications compared to performing elective ureteroscopy in <1 week from the renal colic onset in nonemergent patients with ureteral stone larger than 6 mm. Although the rate of ureteroscopy failure was higher among the patients who underwent ureteroscopy in <1 week from their renal colic initiation, there was no statistically significant relationship between performing ureteroscopy in <1 week and an increased risk for ureteroscopy failure.
Diabetic peripheral arterial disease in COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Ekim Meral , Ekim Hasan , Akarsu Gökhan Doğukan
Published: July 2024

Both diabetes and peripheral arterial disease (PAD) have complex interactions with COVID-19. PAD is one of the most important underlying factors in the development of diabetic foot. The COVID-19 pandemic has also caused an increase in cardiovascular complications in those with chronic diseases, including diabetics, due to both the thrombophilic course of the viral disease and the lockdown measures applied for prevention. Since both COVID-19 and diabetes mellitus predispose to thrombosis, PAD is likely to have a more severe course in diabetic patients with COVID-19. The aim of our study is to discuss the complications, prophylaxis, and treatment of PAD, which is a serious complication of diabetes, during the pandemic period.
Left Atrial Strain by 2D Speckle Tracking Echocardiography in Patients with Systemic Hypertension in Babylon Province
Authors: Al-Murib Ali Hamid Abbas , Al-Jumaily Hassan Salim , Hassan Zainab Falah , Al-Saad Shokry F.
Published: July 2024

Background:

Systemic hypertension is an expanding health problem and a major cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Left atrial (LA) strain by speckle tracking is a new echocardiographic modality that can detect impairment in LA function.

Objectives:

The aim was to analyze the parameters of LA strain in patients with systemic hypertension and compare them to those of normal persons.

Materials and Methods:

A case–control study was conducted at the echocardiography department of Marjan Medical City in Hillah from February 2023 to June 2023. The study focused on patients with hypertension and compared their 2D echocardiography, Doppler, tissue Doppler, left ventricle global longitudinal strain, and LA strain to those of a control healthy group. Data collection included a questionnaire, echocardiography using the GE Vivid iq machine, and statistical analysis using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 27 software.

Results:

In total, 100 persons were enrolled in the study; 50 of them were patients with systemic hypertension, and the other 50 were persons with negative medical history. The two groups were age, gender, and body surface area matched. Echocardiographic parameters were compared, concentrating on LA strain and diastolic function parameters. A strong correlation was found between hypertension and LA strain parameters. Reservoir, conduit, and contractile strain were lower in the hypertensive group, while the LA volume and LA indexed volume were statistically larger in the hypertensive group than the control group, with a P value of less than 0.001 in both.

Conclusion:

LA strain by speckle tracking is affected in systemic hypertension more and even before the diastolic function affection. Earlier detection and treatment of dysfunction can delay or even prevent complications.
Exploring the Role of Vitamin D2, Parathyroid Hormone, and C-Peptides as Biomarkers in Diabetic Neuropathy Development
Authors: Al-Joda Ban Mahmood Shaker , Al-Hindy Hayder Abdul-Amir Makki , Mousa Mazin J.
Published: July 2024

Background:

Diabetic neuropathy affects significant individuals worldwide and is considered a chronic complication of diabetes. However, the exact mechanisms underlying the development of diabetic neuropathy are still not fully understood.

Objectives:

This study investigated the involvement of vitamin D2, PTH, and C-peptide in the onset of diabetic neuropathy.

Materials and Methods:

This study included 120 diabetic patients and 30 healthy controls. Diabetic patients were divided into group 1 with neuropathy (N = 80) and group 2 without neuropathy (N = 40). The following data were incorporated: sex, age, diabetes duration, and BMI. Biochemical evaluations involved HbA1C, C-peptide, PTH, and vitamin D2.

Results:

The study’s population had a 52.2 ± 13.9 years mean age. Patients had 9.8 years average diabetes duration, were mostly overweight, and were poorly controlled (mean HbA1C = 8.8). Vitamin D2 was insufficient, particularly in diabetics, and C-peptide measures were markedly low. There were differences in the three parameters between diabetes and controls. Potential relationships among the parameters were detected namely, higher HbA1C, elder, lower vitamin D2, besides higher C-peptide and vitamin D2 levels. ROC-curve metrics for vitamin D2, PTH, and C-peptide, revealed varied diagnostic potential. All parameters were unable to distinguish between patients with or without neuropathy from healthy subjects.

Conclusion:

The study highlights the importance of glycemic control, insulin production, PTH, and vitamin D2 levels in the context of diabetic neuropathy. While these biomarkers show associations with neuropathy risk, their diagnostic potential is still limited. The associations between age, HbA1C levels, PTH, C-peptide levels, and vitamin D2 levels provide valuable insights into potential contributors to neuropathy risk.
Molecular Detection, Antibiotic Resistance, and Biofilm Formation of Clinical Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates from Patients in Al-Hillah, Babylon Province, Iraq
Authors: Jameel Zainab Hafidh , Alwash Mourouge Saadi , Abdulla Anwar A.
Published: July 2024

Background:

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is known as one of the main causes of nosocomial infections and is repeatedly related to opportunistic infections among hospitalized patients worldwide. Antibiotic resistance (AR) and biofilm-forming ability (BFA) are two major virulence factors of P. aeruginosa isolates that are involved in the continuation of infections.

Objectives:

This study aimed to isolate and identify P. aeruginosa isolates from patients and to elucidate the correlation between AR and BFA among isolates.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 130 clinical P. aeruginosa isolates were obtained from Al-Hillah Al-Sadiq Hospital in Babylon province, Iraq during the period from March to July 2022. AR profile and BFA of P. aeruginosa isolates were proceeded by Kirby-Bauer and Congo red agar (CRA) methods, respectively. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) screening, targeting the ecfX gene, was conducted to identify species-specific ecfX genes in P. aeruginosa.

Results:

Multidrug-resistant (MDR) P. aeruginosa accounted for 96.1% (125/130) and 85.4% (111/130) of isolates showed BFA. Statistical analyses showed a nonsignificant correlation between AR and BFA in P. aeruginosa isolates. The ecfX PCR product analyses affirmed their allocation to P. aeruginosa isolates.

Conclusion:

The high incidence of MDR and BFA among P. aeruginosa isolates might require a plan for regular evaluation and controlling policy programs.
The Impact of Urogenital Tract Infectious Bacteria on Male Fertility
Authors: Alzaidi Jawad R. , Kareem Aqeel A.
Published: July 2024

Background:

Infertile men aged 18 to 40 with urogenital bacterial infections can be assessed for the presence of pus cells in their sperm or urine using direct microscopy, urine culture, and sperm culture techniques.

Objectives:

To examine the impact of microbial infections on the male genitourinary system and assess the probability of male sterility resulting from these conditions.

Materials and Methods:

Microorganisms including Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, coagulase-negative Staphylococci, Staphylococcus aureus, and Klebsiella species, as well as Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterococcus faecalis, were identified in samples obtained from semen and urine.

Results:

The correlation (Cor = 0.1) between isolates found in sperm and urine samples was demonstrated. This correlation indicates the potential for infections originating in the urinary tract to migrate to the spermatic tract. Antibiotics such as gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, rifampicin, ceftriaxone (amoxicillin and clavulanic acid), and augmentin have proven effective in treating severe infections. The broad spectrum of activity exhibited by these potent antibiotics underscores their efficacy in addressing various diseases and conditions caused by infections, as evidenced by their effectiveness against isolated pathogens. Among the patients assessed, 37 individuals were diagnosed with azoospermia, representing 28% of the total; 80 patients exhibited oligospermia, constituting 62% of the cohort; while 13 patients demonstrated sperm counts within the normal range, accounting for 10% of the sample.

Conclusion:

According to the findings of this prospective study, the occurrence of an infection in the male reproductive system should be regarded as a potential contributing feature to male sterility. This revelation enhances the aggregate body of indication that underscores the significance of considering various factors in assessing male infertility.
Histopathological profiling of endometrial biopsies in cases of abnormal uterine bleeding: Insights from a tertiary care center in India
Authors: Verma Ashi , Singh Swati , Tyagi Mayurika Subodh Kumar , Bajpai Malay , Aarthi K. B.
Published: July 2024

Introduction:

Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB), characterized by excessive, irregular, or prolonged uterine bleeding, is a prevalent gynecological concern, accounting for more than 30% of outpatient gynecological visits.

Aim and Objective:

This study aimed to assess: (A) The histomorphological patterns of the endometrium in cases of AUB. (B) The distribution of various endometrial pathologies across different age groups. (C) The occurrence of endometrial carcinoma among patients experiencing AUB.

Materials and Methods:

A prospective investigation was conducted among patients seeking care for AUB and infertility at a tertiary care center in northern India. A total of 130 endometrial specimens (collected through endometrial curettage, biopsy, or hysterectomy) were examined over a 2-year period. Tissue samples were preserved in 10% neutral buffered formalin, processed routinely, and examined using light microscopy.

Results:

The largest proportion of cases (36.2%) fell within the 31–40-year age group. The predominant histopathological pattern observed was secretory endometrium in 47 patients (36.2%), followed by proliferative endometrium in 44 cases (33.8%). Hyperplasia with atypia was more frequently noted in the perimenopausal age group; however, the incidence of malignancy in this subset of the population was relatively low.

Conclusion:

Histomorphological examination in cases of AUB contributes valuable insights for the diagnosis and management of AUB.
Temporal lobe structures and their role in psychiatric manifestation
Authors: Tiwari Harshit , Saran Brijesh , Bazaz Abhay , Kaushal Parth Sarthi
Published: July 2024

Background:

This essay explores the complex structure of the Temporal lobe, explaining its distinct characteristics and their role in cognitive processes. The relationship between Temporal lobe abnormalities and psychiatric symptoms is also examined in this article.

Methods:

A thorough examination of the anatomy, physiology, and function of the Temporal lobe, as well as its involvement in a range of mental conditions, is given in the research article. These are based on the review of literature of several relevant and groundbreaking research papers on Temporal lobe dysfunction, as well as an informative and concise summation of the structure and function of the Temporal lobe.

Result:

One of the most important parts of the human brain, the Temporal lobe, it is best to analyze it also through its functional connectivity, not just its gross structure. The idea that certain parts of the brain perform certain functions is called localizationism This article seeks to explore the complex structure of the Temporal lobe, explaining its distinct characteristics and their role in cognitive processes. The relationship between Temporal lobe abnormalities and psychiatric symptoms is also examined in this article. It offers strong proof that anomalies in the Temporal lobe are connected to a variety of neuropsychiatric disorders.

Conclusion:

The Indian healthcare system faces challenges in managing Temporal lobe diseases due to limited resources, health-care access disparities, insufficient comprehensive data, and insufficient neuropsychological assessments. Holistic management requires understanding patients’ neuropsychological impairments and cognitive retraining techniques. Further research is needed to understand the disease burden, address health-care gaps, and enhance health-care infrastructure.
A case series on reactive atypia findings in cytology examination of bronchoalveolar lavage samples
Authors: Varshney Himanshu , Sharma Manish Kumar , Mahendran C. S. , Tiwari Ranvijay
Published: July 2024

Reactive atypia in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cells reflects cellular changes frequently observed in respiratory cytology, typically resulting from injury, inflammation, or irritation rather than malignancy. This review examines the nature, causes, and diagnostic implications of reactive atypia in BAL specimens. BAL is a diagnostic procedure used to collect cells from the lower respiratory tract. Identifying atypical cells in BAL samples poses a significant challenge, as their morphology can resemble that of neoplastic processes. Characteristics of reactive atypia include nuclear enlargement, hyperchromasia, irregular nuclear contours, and increased nucleocytoplasmic ratios. These changes are often attributable to inflammation, infections, toxic exposures (such as smoking), and chronic respiratory diseases, including asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. This case series discusses three instances of reactive atypia encountered in BAL sample analysis. Reactive atypia in BAL cells is a common, benign response to various stimuli. Accurate diagnosis necessitates a comprehensive approach that integrates cytological findings, clinical context, and adjunctive diagnostic tools. Ongoing research into the molecular characteristics of reactive atypia has the potential to enhance diagnostic precision and improve patient care.
Asthma with allergic rhinitis presenting as a case of juvenile idiopathic arthritis with borderline rheumatoid arthritis factor
Authors: Sinha Aarushi , Jha D. K. , Mantry Radhika
Published: July 2024

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) remains the most common rheumatic disease in childhood with an unknown etiology unlike adult-onset arthritis. Asthma is one of the most common chronic diseases of childhood, affecting 7-10% children globally and has a multifactorial etiology involving genetic, environmental and immunological factors. Studies show evidence about a common genetic background of asthma and JIA with potential link between the two conditions despite different systems being affected. We present a case of a 9 year old boy presenting with joint pains who was confirmed to have asthma and JIA and was managed accordingly for both pathologies.
A Community Detection Algorithm Based on Balanced Label Propagation
Authors: Jia Huijuan , Liu Ting , Zhang Xiaohong
Published: July 2024

OBJECTIVES: In conventional label propagation algorithms, the randomness inherent in the selection order of nodes and subsequent label propagation frequently leads to instability and reduces the accuracy of community detection outcomes.METHODS: First, select the initial node according to the node importance and assign different labels to each initial node, aiming to reduce the number of iterations of the algorithm and improve the efficiency and stability of the algorithm; second, identify the neighbor node with the largest connection to each initial node for the pre-propagation of the labels; then, the algorithm traverses the nodes in descending order of the node importance for the propagation of labels to reduce the randomness of the label propagation process; finally, the final community is formed through the rapid merging of small communities.RESULTS: The experimental results on multiple real datasets and artificially generated networks show that the stability and accuracy are all improved.CONCLUSION: The proposed community detection algorithm based on balanced label propagation is better than the other four advanced algorithms on Q and NMI values of community division results.
Toxicological evidence integration to confirm the biological plausibility of the association between humidifier disinfectant exposure and respiratory diseases using the AEP-AOP framework
Authors: Kim Ha Ryong , Kim Jun Woo , Lee Jong-Hyeon , Kim Younghee , Lim Jungyun , Baek Yong-Wook , Shin Sunkyoung , Ha Mina , Cheong Hae-Kwan , Chung Kyu Hyuck ,   Review Committee for the Epidemiological Correlations between Humidifier Disinfectants Exposure and Health Effects
Published: July 2024

OBJECTIVES: Exposure to humidifier disinfectants has been linked to respiratory diseases, including interstitial lung disease, asthma, and pneumonia. Consequently, numerous toxicological studies have explored respiratory damage as both a necessary and sufficient condition for these diseases. We systematically reviewed and integrated evidence from toxicological studies by applying the evidence integration method established in previous research to confirm the biological plausibility of the association between exposure and disease.METHODS: We conducted a literature search focusing on polyhexamethylene guanidine phosphate (PHMG) and chloromethylisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone (CMIT/MIT), the primary ingredients in humidifier disinfectants. We selected relevant studies based on their quality and the population, exposure, comparator, outcome (PECO) statements. These studies were categorized into three lines of evidence: hazard information, animal studies, and mechanistic studies. Based on a systematic review, we integrated the evidence to develop an aggregate exposure pathway–adverse outcome pathway (AEP-AOP) model for respiratory damage. The reliability and relevance of our findings were assessed by comparing them with the hypothesized pathogenic mechanisms of respiratory diseases.RESULTS: By integrating toxicological evidence for each component of the AEP-AOP framework for PHMG and CMIT/MIT, we developed an AEP-AOP model that elucidates how disinfectants released from humidifiers expose target sites, triggering molecular initiating events and key events that ultimately lead to respiratory damage. This model exhibits high reliability and relevance to the pathogenesis of respiratory diseases.CONCLUSIONS: The AEP-AOP model developed in this study provides strong evidence, based on evidence-based toxicology, that exposure to humidifier disinfectants causes respiratory diseases. This model demonstrates the pathways leading to respiratory damage, a hallmark of these conditions.
Copper-Nickel-Tin Alloy Castings Cu - 15Ni - 8Sn Hot Isostatically Pressed, Solution Annealed and Spinodal Heat Treated
Authors:   AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee
Published: July 2024

This specification covers a copper-nickel-tin alloy in the form of castings, made using the investment process unless sand or centrifugal processes are agreed upon by the purchaser (see 8.5).
Wire, Electrical, Fluoropolymer-Insulated, Copper or Copper Alloy
Authors:   AE-8D Wire and Cable Committee
Published: July 2024

AS22759 specification covers fluoropolymer-insulated single conductor electrical wires made with tin-coated, silver-coated, or nickel-coated conductors of copper or copper alloy as specified in the applicable detail specification. The fluoropolymer insulation may be polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVF2), ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer (ETFE), or other Fluoropolymer resin. The fluoropolymer may be used alone or in combination with other insulation materials. These abbreviations shall be used herein. When a wire is referenced herein, it means an insulated conductor (see 7.7).
Rating Lift Cranes on Fixed Platforms Operating in the Ocean Environment
Authors:   Cranes and Lifting Devices Committee
Published: July 2024

The scope of this SAE Recommended Practice is limited to cranes mounted on a fixed platform lifting loads from a vessel alongside. The size of the vessel is assumed not to exceed that of a work boat as defined in 3.14.
Teachers’ Experiences on the Implementation of COVID-19 Protocols Amidst the Pandemic in Mmashadi Circuit of the Sekhukhune District
Authors: Lengwadi Thapelo Ephraim , Molise Habasisa Vincent , Segooa Mapule Yvonne
Published: July 2024

The global impact of the COVID-19 pandemic extended to the education sector in South Africa, prompting the implementation of preventative measures by the National Coronavirus Command Council. These COVID-19 protocols included the wearing of face masks or face shields, ensuring maximum ventilation, washing of hands, and school attendance routines to deal with overcrowded classrooms, among others. This study aimed to delve into the implementation of COVID-19 protocols in schools, focusing on the strategies utilised and the challenges teachers encountered. Employing a qualitative research methodology within a case study framework, the study involved eight teachers (five male and three female) from four schools in the Sekhukhune District, selected through purposive sampling. Data were elicited through semi-structured interviews to gain a thorough understanding of the phenomenon and coded for anonymity purposes. Aligned with the goal of the study, thematic data analysis was adopted for analysing the data. The findings revealed that teachers faced significant challenges in balancing their responsibilities in implementing COVID-19 protocols alongside making up for lost teaching time. However, alternative strategies were employed by teachers to mitigate this loss including the deployment of assistant teachers to support protocol and assist students with homework, additional security personnel to help guard and control unnecessary school visits, and for teachers to provide supplementary notes and embark on online learning. Recommendations include the increased deployment of support personnel, increased community involvement, training teachers to use online learning platforms, and for the Department of Basic Education to develop a guidance sheet to assist teachers in navigating the challenges of teaching during a pandemic.
The Impact of the Internship Programme on Students in A Selected Public Higher Institution in The Eastern Cape, South Africa
Authors: Ndamase Maxhobandile , Lukman Yusuf
Published: July 2024

It is important to note from the outset that the duty of preparing students for careers rests with the educational community.  Internship before graduation appears to offer students experiential learning, better opportunities for employment and better knowledge of real work environments. The institutions benefit by obtaining more resources at a lower expense as well as a chance to assess whether the intern will fit in well with the team and the role. The majority of students graduate from university or college and struggle to find jobs due to lack of experience and exposure to the working environment. The study sought to assess the effect of internship on students in public institutions. The study used a qualitative research approach, through semi-structured interviews, and respondents were approached through purposive sampling technique. The results of the study show that internships are favourable to students, universities, organisations and  result in more job offers and quicker employability of interns. It further states that internships involve some investigation into the characteristics of students who will be employed by institutions in future through internship programmes. Finally, the study revealed that internships provide better opportunities for graduates and unemployed students by exposing them to  their chosen field, either in unpaid or paid internship programmes. The study recommends that universities must create more internships to ensure that students are equipped with skills and gain positive and  required experience in field work.
“Anna de Bosna de Regno Dalmacie” – Ana od Švidnice (1339-1362) / “Anna de Bosna de Regno Dalmacie” – Anna of Schweidnitz (1339-1362)
Authors: Sulejmanagić Amer
Published: July 2024

The cathedral of Prague is a significant source for the history of medieval Bosnia. It houses a relief bust of Anna of Schweidnitz with the corresponding inscription where within Anna’s title Bosnia and the Kingdom of Dalmatia are mentioned. The author considers the origin of the names of these two lands in Anna’s title from three aspects: real blood relations, the titles of Hungarian rulers and the Slav tradition linked to the Luxemburg house where Anna was married to.
Bosansko-ugarski odnosi kroz prizmu braka Ludovika I Velikog i Elizabete, kćerke Stjepana II Kotromanića / Relations Between Bosnia and Hungary Through the Prism of the Marriage Between Louis the Great and Elizabeth, the Daughter of Stjepan II Kotromanić
Authors: Dautović Dženan
Published: July 2024

The paper analyzes the influence of Queen Elizabeth on Bosnian-Hungarian relations from her marriage to the Hungarian King Louis I in 1353 until her death in 1387. The most significant events which the problem is considered from are the submitting of Hum to Hungary as Elizabeth’s dowry and the struggle for the Hungarian throne which occurred after Louis’ death. The author considers the cultural and historical segment of the personality profile of this Bosnian Princess and Hungarian Queen. The basic problem which we attempted to disclose was the legal status of the dowry between the two dynasties, the relation of the Bosnian Princess towards the interests of the dynasty she originated from and the position of the woman-ruler in the second half of the 14th century.
Kraljevske svadbene svečanosti u srednjovjekovnoj Bosni / Royal Nuptial Festivities in Medieval Bosnia
Authors: Drmač Marjan
Published: July 2024

There are almost no writings about weddings in medieval Bosnia. Several occasional mentions by individual historians related to weddings and marriages are rare, but they are still sufficient to get an image of the content of nuptial activities of that time. One of the rare historiographic texts that refers to this topic and deserves an important place is the work of Jaroslav Šidak who to some extent resolved this problem. His writings will actually serve as the basis for our interpretation. In this sense, we will attempt to closely present the procedure of royal festivities of medieval Bosnia as far as available source material for this topic allows it.
Životni put posljednje bosanske kraljice Mare nakon propasti Bosanskog kraljevstva / The Life of the Last Bosnian Queen Mara After the Fall of the Bosnian Kingdom
Authors: Mahinić Senja
Published: July 2024

The growing Ottoman force during the mid 15th century endangered the sovereignty of the Bosnian medieval state. Shortly after, in 1463, the Bosnian Kingdom disappeared from the political map of European countries. In this chaos, the Bosnian nobility and the members of the Bosnian dynasty Kotromanići looked for the possibilities of salvation in the neighbouring Christian countries. The last Bosnian Queen Mara found at first shelter in Dubrovnik in October 1463 and then moved to the Venetian Split. Under unknown circumstances, ten years later, she was to be found within the Ottoman Empire where she remained. Our intention in this paper is to present the data related to the life of Queen Mara in refuge, her relationship with the Ragusans and her family members, i.e. the intrigues that followed her all up to her death.
Samostalnost u poslovnoj inicijativi dvije bosanske vojvotkinje: Jelena Hranić i Jelena Nelipčić / The Independece in Business Initiative of Two Bosnian Dutchessess: Jelena Hranić and Jelena Nelipčić
Authors: Hambo Semir
Published: July 2024

It is not rare that we come across source material with records that confirm business activities of women in medieval Bosnia. A significant part of their engagement in the business world is closely connected to the positions these women performed as queens, wives or sisters of rulers or noblemen. Our task is to focus on the independent activities of two, maybe most representative women of medieval Bosnia when related to the business initiative. Based on available source material and literature we will follow behaviour in business of Jelena Hranić after the death of her husband Sandalj Hranić. From 1435 until her death we observe absolute independence of this Bosnian Duchess in creation of business connections especially with Kotor. On the other side, a parallel in business independence is also noticeable in the person of Jelena Nelipčić, the wife of the Bosnian Duke Hrvoje Vukčić Hrvatinić. During her life Jelena Nelipčić, on the basis of her ancestry, social position and business skills gained an amount of money that she increased trough borrowing with an interest. Her authority, independence and skill are noticed in the process of business initiatives which made her along with Jelena Hranić one of the most prominent women of Bosnian Middle Ages, especially in the segment of business activities.
Posebnost pravnog položaja žene u bosanskom srednjovjekovlju / The Particularity of the Legal Position of Women in Medieval Bosnia
Authors: Drino Dževad , Londrc Benjamina
Published: July 2024

In the light of legal norms of the European Middle Ages, the woman was undoubtedly a second-grade citizen, which is a reflection of the customs and rights from ancient times, even though the position of women in Rome was far better when compared, for instance, to Greece. A woman does not have political rights, nor the active or passive right of vote. She could not be a priest, her business activities were restricted for a long time, and she received her proprietary rights only if she fulfilled the role of a wife and mother. From the legal sources of medieval Bosnia there are traces of a different approach to women compared to the neighbouring feudal lands and Europe in general. These particularities appear primarily in the domain of marital and inheritance relations, but also in the broader proprietary rights thus indicating a different basis of the complete social relations.
Prsten za glavu aždaje: Sarajevo u strateškim ciljevima Republike Srpske 1992-1995 / A Ring for the Head of a Dragon: Sarajevo in the Strategic Goals of Republika Srpska 1992-1995
Authors: Šadinlija Mesud
Published: July 2024

In the well-known document titled The decision about strategic goals of the Serb people in Bosnia and Herzegovina, which was officially published on the 26th of November 1993, and adopted on the 16th Assembly of the Serb people in Bosnia and Herzegovina in Banja Luka on the 12th of May 1992, the division of Sarajevo into the Serb and Muslim part was defined as the fifth strategic goal out of six. In the subversive euphoria, documented by shorthand from the Banja Luka assembly, the military and political leaders who explained the strategic goals of the aggression on Bosnia and Herzegovina at this meeting, left proof of the origin of this document, which ended up in the Assembly only to receive a legal form and to gain the Bosnian-Herzegovinian birth certificate. The political executor of the activities for the violent establishment of the Serb state westwards from the River Drina, Radovan Karadžić emphasized at the Banja Luka assembly the extreme importance of Sarajevo for the achievement of other strategic goals. His and Mladić’s interpretations are firm and irrefutable evidence that the brutal siege of Sarajevo, its barbaric destruction and crimes committed to its inhabitants are not a by-product and the unwanted consequence of the development of battles in and around Sarajevo, but a project aim in the function of realization of the mentioned strategic goals. In this paper, based on authentic documents, we will reconstruct the importance of Sarajevo and its siege as the strategic goal and the instrument for the realization of the whole of defined strategic goals of Republika Srpska during the war operations led on the territory of Bosnia and Herzegovina in the period 1992-1995.
Predstava žena na stećcima u srednjovjekovnoj Bosni / Representations of Women on the Stećci of Medieval Bosnia
Authors: Semić Narcisa
Published: July 2024

The paper analyses the representation of women on the tombstones in medieval Bosnia. Using the results of historiography and the available picture material, the author considers the depictions of individual female figures and their role within larger compositions. Apart from the poor preservation of reliefs on the tombstones, the author also notes that artist devoted less attention to the depiction of female figures than to the male ones.
The Sanctuaries of Iupiter Dolichenus in the Danubian Provinces. A functional interpretation
Authors: Muntean Ioan ,   National Museum of History of Romania
Published: July 2024

This article delves into the structure of Iupiter Dolichenus temples, focusing on its sanctuaries in the Danubian Provinces of Dacia, Pannonia Inferior, Pannonia Superior, Raetia, and Noricum. It emphasizes the need for a nuanced understanding of the cult's role in the religious landscape, cautioning against oversimplified theoretical approaches. Eight Dolichenus cult structures had archaeologically been identified in these provinces (Mehadia, Porolissum, Brigetio, Vetus Salina, Carnuntum I, Carnuntum II, Virunum, Vetoniana), showcasing the cult's manifestation on a broader scale. The study focuses on analyzing these temples' architectural features and functionalities, highlighting both differences and similarities. The article aims to provide a detailed examination of each sanctuary, considering phases of construction, alterations, and factors contributing to variations, through the analysis of archaeological finds and architectural characteristics related to the sanctuaries, it seeks to establish patterns and understand the role of specific chambers within these sacred precincts.
Earrings from Nicaea in Bithynia (south-eastern Marmara)
Authors: Kaya Fatih Hakan ,   Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir, Albayrak Musa , Henig Martin , Lafli Ergün ,   Directorate of the Museum of İznik, Bursa,   University of Oxford,   Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir
Published: July 2024

In this brief paper 34 earrings are presented, all of which are curated in the Archaeological Museum of İznik in south-western Marmara region of Turkey. They are significant, as very few items of jewellery from Bithynia have been published.
Grylloi: A Being with Mixed Depictions from Konya
Authors: Abay Nizam ,   Selçuk University, Faculty of Letters, Department of Archaeology, Konya
Published: July 2024

This study is based on a mixed figure on a ring stone from the Roman period (1st - 2nd. century AD) preserved in the Konya Archaeology Museum. This figure is seen as a combination of four elements: a horse protome, a Silenus mask body, rooster feet and a ram's head. This depiction, which is encountered in different typologies in Antiquity, is called Grylloi. A Greek-Roman word, widely used on ring stones since the 1st century BC, this depiction is also known by other names such as mask-animal, multi-headed creatures and fantastic concoction. These beings, usually depicted on oval rings with easily workable jasper stones, were thought to be worn as talismans or amulets with an apotropaic function. In this way, they were probably intended to ward off evil, possibly as amulets.
La dimensión intersubjetiva de la esperanza en Gabriel Marcel
Authors: Rodríguez Andrés Nicolás
Published: July 2024

El presente artículo desarrolla la comprensión marceliana de la esperanza como fruto de una experiencia de comunión intersubjetiva. De tal modo que la esperanza nos abre un nuevo horizonte de sentido para el itinerario vital, anunciando ya una plenitud intersubjetiva imperecedera. Así, podremos reconocer una fuente de renovación personal y comunitaria en la vivencia de la intersubjetividad, como condición metafísica de la existencia personal que responde a la profunda exigencia de trascendencia del hombre.
Gender Budgeting in Higher Education in Odisha: A Comparative Analysis
Authors: Lenka Samir Kumar
Published: July 2024

"Gender budgeting aims to promote development and empowerment of girls and women through equal distribution of resources by providing equal opportunities for all. The participation of women in different sectors are increasing but the women are still now face various forms of vulnerability, discrimination, harassment, violence and abuse. They are neglected due to social prejudice and exploited physically, mentally, socially, economically and emotionally also. Gender Budgeting is a tool which can be used to address these issues through planning and budgeting. The paper analyzing gender budgeting in Odisha with focus specifically on higher education. Data were collected from secondary sources from the year 2019-20 to 2023-24. Governments total allocation of gender budget in higher education, gender specific allocations, Gender Parity Index in higher education are the major focus of the paper. The Gross Enrolment Ratio (GER) in India gradually decreasing according to the increased level of education. The participation of women in educationless than men. It emphasizes the need for implementing Gender Budgeting in higher education in Odisha with analytical planning and purpose to address gender disparities effectively."
Innovative Approaches in Public Administration: Strategies and Tools for Achieving Sustainability
Authors: Zhovnirchyk Yaroslav
Published: July 2024

"The study represents an attempt to comprehend the patterns and landscape of public management in the conditions of SDGs adoption and processes of their achievement. Existing models and approaches are analyzed and vectors of further developments in the field are outlined."
Probable Play Behavior in a Surgeonfish (Naso vlamingii )
Authors: Tribelhorn Gunnar Wyn
Published: July 2024

I report an observation of possible play behavior in an individual captive Vlaming's unicornfish (Naso vlamingii). The fish was documented performing locomotory interactions with the filtered stream of water from the return nozzle in its aquarium. Such behaviors conform to existing definitions of play behavior. Animal play is traditionally imagined to be restricted to mammals and birds, with research on this type of behavior remaining scarce within other animals. This finding thus expands upon the ubiquity of play in understudied vertebrate taxa.
Prototype Design Remote Smart Car 4WD Robot Car with Additional Power Photovoltaic Source Integrated Arduino
Authors: Aldhi Muhammad , Satria Habib , Mungkin Moranain , Dayana Indri , Salam Rudi
Published: July 2024

The problem addressed in this research is designing an Electric Car Prototype, a technology design using Arduino Uno, L298N Driver Module, and HC-06 Bluetooth sensor which is controlled automatically using an application. The method used is a hybrid PLTS (Solar Power Plant) system based on Arduino Uno. This prototype combines electrical energy from batteries with solar energy produced by solar panels, and the main controller is Arduino Uno. Tests were carried out to evaluate the performance and efficiency of this electric car. The results of solar panel experiments in designing electric car prototypes, testing will be carried out on the efficiency of solar panels on the power produced. The following is the data from the experimental results measured through the following table 2 experiments. solar panels were installed on the roof or other parts exposed to sunlight on a prototype electric car. Solar panels consist of photovoltaic solar cells which are capable of converting solar energy into electrical energy. When sunlight falls on a solar panel, the solar cell produces an electric current. The electric current generated from the solar cell is then channeled to the charging module to charge the battery. The battery charging module regulates the voltage and electric current according to battery charging needs. This is important so that the battery does not receive too much or too little power during the charging process. After passing through the battery charging module, the electrical energy from the solar panels is used to charge the electric car battery. Electric car batteries function as energy storage which is used to control the engine and other electronic systems in the car. Obtained were the development of an environmentally friendly and sustainable electric vehicle.
Yüksek Hızlı Tren İşletmeciliği Esnasında Yapılan Bildirimlerin Kaza Sınıflandırmaları ve Heinrich Kaza Piramidi ile Karşılaştırılması
Authors: Gündüz Sultan , Akbayır Ömür
Published: July 2024

Emniyetin sürekliliğinin sağlanması ve kazaların önlenmesi için seneler içerisinde kaza nedensellik modelleri ve metotları oluşturularak, kaza verilerinin tutulması ile kazaların önüne geçilmesi için kaza piramidi, domino teorisi, İsviçre peyniri modeli, papyon modeli gibi yaklaşımlar geliştirilmiştir. Çalışmada 2009-2020 yılları arasında yüksek hızlı tren işletmeciliği esnasında yapılan bildirimlerin veri analizi yapılarak, bildirimler kaza inceleme ve raporlama yönergeleri kapsamında kaza ve kaza öncüleri olarak hasar durumunu da içerecek şekilde sınıflandırılmıştır. Kaza ve kaza öncüllerinin hasar bilgileri ile yıllara dağılımlarının frekans analizi yapılmıştır. Son olarak veriler kullanılarak Heinrich kaza piramidine göre bir uyarlama yapılmıştır.
PENGARUH PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA BERBASIS KEARIFAN LOKAL TERHADAP KECINTAAN SISWA PADA BUDAYA DAERAH TORAJA
Authors: Rahayu Dewi , Ruruk Simon
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia berbasis kearifan lokal terhadap kecintaan siswa pada budaya daerah Toraja. Pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif digunakan untuk mendapatkan gambaran yang mendalam tentang fenomena ini. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas VII di SMP Negeri 1 Nanggala Kabupaten Toraja yang menerapkan pembelajaran berbasis kearifan lokal. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, wawancara mendalam dengan guru dan siswa, serta analisis dokumen seperti silabus, rencana pelaksanaan pembelajaran (RPP), dan hasil karya siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa integrasi kearifan lokal Toraja dalam pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia, melalui teks sastra daerah, cerita rakyat, lagu-lagu tradisional, dan proyek budaya, dapat meningkatkan minat dan kecintaan siswa pada budaya daerah mereka. Siswa merasa lebih terlibat dan tertarik pada materi pembelajaran karena berkaitan langsung dengan kehidupan sehari-hari mereka dan budaya yang mereka kenal. Mereka juga mengungkapkan kebanggaan terhadap budaya Toraja dan merasa termotivasi untuk melestarikannya. Namun, penelitian ini juga mengidentifikasi beberapa tantangan, seperti kesulitan guru dalam menemukan sumber daya yang tepat dan keterbatasan waktu dalam kurikulum. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan pelatihan guru yang memadai, pengembangan materi ajar yang relevan, dan kolaborasi dengan komunitas setempat untuk mengatasi tantangan tersebut. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia berbasis kearifan lokal memiliki pengaruh positif terhadap kecintaan siswa pada budaya daerah Toraja. Untuk mencapai hasil yang lebih optimal, diperlukan dukungan lebih besar dalam hal pelatihan guru, pengembangan materi ajar, dan kolaborasi dengan komunitas setempat. Dengan demikian, pembelajaran berbasis kearifan lokal dapat menjadi sarana efektif dalam melestarikan budaya daerah dan memperkuat identitas budaya generasi muda.