bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Current attitudes and preconceptions on newborn genetic screening in the Chinese reproductive-aged population
Authors: Wang Xin , Guan Xian-Wei , Wang Yan-Yun , Zhang Zhi-Lei , Li Ya-Hong , Yang Pei-Ying , Sun Yun , Jiang Tao
Published: August 2022

Purpose

Newborn screening (NBS) applications are limited as they can only cover a few genetic diseases and may have false positive or false negative rates. A new detection program called newborn genetic screening (NBGS) has been designed to address the potential defects of NBS. This study aimed to investigate the perceptions, acceptance, and expectations of childbearing people related to NBGS to provide the basis for the targeted improvement in the NBGS program carried out in Hospitals.

Methods

A questionnaire with 20 items was designed on www.wjx.cn. Individuals who came to the Nanjing maternity and child health care Hospital for consultation from June 2021 to August 2021 participated in the survey. The data of the study was arranged properly and analyzed after the investigation.

Results

A total of 1141 valid questionnaires were collected in the survey, in which the average age of the participants was 31 (± 4) years, and a 1:4 ratio of males to females. Additionally, 65.12% of the participants possessed a bachelor's degree or above qualification. Overall, 50.57% of participants had an annual household income of 100,000–250,000 RMB, while about 86.68% of the participants supported the development of NBGS. The participation cost to pay for NBGS depended on the family incomes; about 59.42% of them were willing to pay a participation fee of 1000–2000 RMB.

Conclusion

Our research provisionally demonstrated that the residents generally supported the use of NBGS, especially those with higher educational degrees, but the understanding of the genetic diseases and NBGS among the low-educated population still needs to be strengthened.
Efficacy and safety of ivermectin in the treatment of mild to moderate COVID-19 infection: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Manomaipiboon Anan , Pholtawornkulchai Kittisak , Poopipatpab Sujaree , Suraamornkul Swangjit , Maneerit Jakravoot , Ruksakul Wiroj , Phumisantiphong Uraporn , Trakarnvanich Thananda
Published: August 2022

Background

The emergent outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has emphasized the requirement for therapeutic opportunities to overcome this pandemic. Ivermectin is an antiparasitic drug that has shown effectiveness against various agents, including SARS-CoV-2. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of ivermectin treatment compared with the standard of care (SOC) among people with mild to moderate COVID-19 symptoms.

Methods

In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, single-center, parallel-arm, superiority trial among adult hospitalized patients with mild to moderate COVID-19, 72 patients (mean age 48.57 ± 14.80 years) were randomly assigned to either the ivermectin (n=36) or placebo (n=36) group, along with receiving standard care. We aimed to compare the negativity of reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) result at days 7 and 14 of enrolment as the primary outcome. The secondary outcomes were duration of hospitalization, frequency of clinical worsening, survival on day 28, and adverse events.

Results

At days 7 and 14, no differences were observed in the proportion of PCR-positive patients (RR 0.97 at day 7 (p=0.759) and 0.95 at day 14 (p=0.813). No significant differences were found between the groups for any of the secondary endpoints, and no adverse events were reported.

Conclusion

No difference was found in the proportion of PCR-positive cases after treatment with ivermectin compared with standard care among patients with mild to moderate COVID-19 symptoms. However, early symptomatic recovery was observed without side effects.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05076253. Registered on 8 October 2021, prospectively.
Novel results of $\alpha _{\ast }$-ψ-Λ-contraction multivalued mappings in F-metric spaces with an application
Authors: Mudhesh Mustafa , Mlaiki Nabil , Arshad Muhammad , Hussain Aftab , Ameer Eskandar , George Reny , Shatanawi Wasfi
Published: August 2022

The objective of this paper is to introduce a new motif of $\alpha _{\ast }$

α
∗

-ψ-Λ-contraction multivalued mappings, some novel fixed-point and coincidence-point results for this contraction will be investigated in the scope of F-metric spaces, and some examples are given to illustrate our main results and we derive the existence and uniqueness of a solution of a functional equation to support our main result.
Intake of l-serine before bedtime prevents the delay of the circadian phase in real life
Authors: Ohashi Michihiro , Lee Sang-il , Eto Taisuke , Uotsu Nobuo , Tarumizu Chie , Matsuoka Sayuri , Yasuo Shinobu , Higuchi Shigekazu
Published: August 2022

Background

It has been shown in laboratory experiments using human subjects that ingestion of the non-essential amino acid l-serine before bedtime enhances the advance of circadian phase induced by light exposure the next morning. In the present study, we tested the effect of ingestion of l-serine before bedtime on circadian phase in real life and whether its effect depends on the initial circadian phase.

Methods

The subjects were 33 healthy male and female university students and they were divided into an l-serine group (n = 16) and a placebo group (n = 17). This study was conducted in a double-blind manner in autumn and winter. After a baseline period for 1 week, the subjects took 3.0 g of l-serine or a placebo 30 min before bedtime for 2 weeks. Saliva was collected twice a week at home every hour under a dim light condition from 20:00 to 1 h after habitual bedtime. Dim light melatonin onset (DLMO) was used as an index of phase of the circadian rhythm.

Results

DLMO after intervention was significantly delayed compared to the baseline DLMO in the placebo group (p = 0.02) but not in the l-serine group. There was a significant difference in the amount of changes in DLMO between the two groups (p = 0.04). There were no significant changes in sleeping habits after intervention in the two groups. There were significant positive correlations between advance of DLMO and DLMO before intervention in the l-serine group (r = 0.53, p < 0.05) and the placebo group (r = 0.69, p < 0.01). There was no significant difference in the slopes of regression lines between the two groups (p = 0.71), but the intercept in the l-serine group was significantly higher than that in the placebo group (p < 0.01). The levels of light exposure were not significantly different between the two groups.

Conclusions

Our findings suggest that intake of l-serine before bedtime for multiple days might attenuate the circadian phase delay in the real world and that this effect does not depend on the initial circadian phase.

Trial registration

This study is registered with University Hospital Medical Information Network in Japan (UMIN000024435. Registered on October 17, 2016).
On the relationship between tripartite motif-containing 22 single-nucleotide polymorphisms and COVID-19 infection severity
Authors: Raheem Juhi Al-Kaabi Nidhal , Khameneh Sepideh Chodari , Montazeri Mohadeseh , Mardasi Mahsa , Amroabadi Jalal Mosayebi , Sakhaee Fatemeh , Fateh Abolfazl
Published: August 2022

Background

The tripartite motif containing (TRIM)-22 participates in innate immune responses and exhibits antiviral activities. The present study aimed to assess of the relationship between TRIM22 single-nucleotide polymorphisms and clinical parameters with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection severity.

Methods

TRIM22 polymorphisms (rs7113258, rs7935564, and rs1063303) were genotyped using TaqMan polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay in 495 dead and 497 improved severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-positive patients.

Results

In this study, the frequencies of TRIM22 rs1063303 GG, rs7935564 GG, and rs7113258 TT were significantly higher in dead patients than in improved patients, and higher viral load with low PCR Ct value was noticed in dead patients. The multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the lower levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL), cholesterol, PCR Ct value, and lower 25-hydroxyvitamin D, and also higher levels of erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), and TRIM22 rs1063303 GG, rs7113258 TT, and rs3824949 GG genotypes were related to the COVID-19 infection severity.

Conclusion

Our finding proved the probable relationship between the COVID-19 infection severity with the genotypes of TRIM22 SNPs and clinical parameters. More research is required worldwide to show the association between the COVID-19 infection severity and host genetic factors.
Enabling local political committees to support the implementation of evidence-based practice — a feasibility study
Authors: Bäck Annika , Hasson Henna , Bergström Anna
Published: August 2022

Background

Local politicians can serve as enablers or barriers for health and social organizations to implement evidence, impacting the context of health and social service organizations. Increasing local politicians’ knowledge about, and support for, evidence-based practice (EBP) could be a way to strengthen the conditions in social service organizations for EBP. The aim of the study was to describe the development and assess the perceived feasibility, acceptability, and appropriateness of an intervention to enable local political committees to support the implementation of EBP. Furthermore, the achievement of the learning outcomes was examined.

Methods

Workshops and interviews were used to co-create the intervention with social service representatives (n = 8) and local politicians (n = 6). A single-arm, non-blinded feasibility study was conducted in a social welfare committee with local politicians (n = 14) and representatives from social services (n = 4). Interviews and pre-post questionnaires were used to assess the intervention’s feasibility, acceptability, appropriateness, and learning outcomes. Progression criteria was set to > 80% of respondents judging the intervention to be feasible, acceptable, and appropriate. Thematic analysis and descriptive statistics were used for analysis.

Results

The quantitative and qualitative results indicate that the intervention was perceived as acceptable and appropriate. However, the progression criteria for feasibility were not fully met. Qualitative findings show that the intervention was perceived as interesting, fun, and created curiosity to learn more about EBP. The discussions between the committee and the representatives from the social services department were much valued.

Conclusions

Careful anchoring of the intervention and comprehensive local adaptation regarding delivery format will be central to the delivery of this intervention if offered elsewhere. Furthermore, we recommend that skills training during the intervention should be included. The collaboration between local politicians and representatives from the social services department was a vital aspect of the intervention and should not be excluded. Collaboration between these actors will be of significance in further developing support for EBP implementation, as expressed by the interview participants.
Optical coherence tomography angiography analysis of changes in the foveal avascular zone in eyes with diabetic macular edema treated with intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor
Authors: Bromeo Albert John , Grulla-Quilendrino Patricia , Antolin Ruth Camille , Salcedo Emil Joshua John , Arcinue Cheryl A. , De Jesus Ralph Anthony , Veloso Amadeo
Published: August 2022

Background

To analyze the changes in foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area, perimeter, and circularity in the superficial (SCP) and deep (DCP) capillary plexuses in eyes with diabetic macular edema (DME) treated with intravitreal anti-VEGF using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

Methods

This prospective observational study included 56 eyes from 32 patients with DME that received intravitreal anti-VEGF. OCTA images were obtained at baseline and 1, 3, and 6 months of follow-up. The outcome measures were FAZ area, perimeter, and circularity in both the SCP and DCP, as well as central subfield thickness (CST) and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA).

Results

The mean number of intravitreal anti-VEGF injections received during the observation period was 4.60 ± 0.82 (range: 3–6). The FAZ area, perimeter, and circularity were statistically unchanged at all observation points in both the SCP (p = 0.772, p = 0.405, p = 0.157, respectively) and the DCP (p = 0.620, p = 0.769, p = 0.481, respectively). Despite having no change in the FAZ parameters, there was still a statistically significant decrease in CST (p < 0.001) as well as a statistically significant increase in BCVA (p = 0.004) during the observation period.

Conclusions

The FAZ area, perimeter, and circularity in the SCP and DCP as measured by OCTA remained stable during the first 6 months of intravitreal anti-VEGF therapy in eyes with DME. While there were no significant changes in the FAZ, treatment with intravitreal anti-VEGF still resulted in decreased CST and improved BCVA.
Perceived facilitators, needs, and barriers to health related quality of life in people with multiple sclerosis: a qualitative investigation
Authors: Faraclas Erin , Merlo Angela , Lynn Jeff , Lau Jeffery D.
Published: August 2022

Background

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic progressive neurological disease that influences an individual's physical, mental, emotional, and social functioning, otherwise known as health-related quality of life (HRQOL). To fully capture the impacts of MS on HRQOL, perspectives from the lived experience should be investigated.

Objective

The purpose of this study was to describe, in people with relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), (1) the health and wellness needs and facilitators perceived to influence HRQOL, (2) determine which health needs are not being met, and (3) identify barriers to meeting health and wellness needs.

Methods

Participants with RRMS were recruited from a more extensive study for this cross-sectional, qualitative investigation guided by phenomenological theory. Semi-structured interviews were conducted until data saturation was reached (n = 15). The data were analyzed using a thematic analysis approach.

Results

Five themes emerged as facilitators of HRQOL; mental/emotional health, knowledge about MS, family/peer support, lifestyle behaviors, and social engagement. Identified barriers to achieving better HRQOL included limited access to specialized care, lack of communication/ empathy from providers, lack of comprehensive care, challenges caused by MS symptoms, and difficulty navigating the healthcare and insurance landscape.

Conclusions

Study participants described mental health and lifestyle behaviors as the primary promoters of overall HRQOL. Access to dietary guidelines, exercise instruction, and education about living healthy with MS were also identified as positive contributors to overall QOL. When these positive contributors are limited or absent, HRQOL was reported to decrease.
A new perspective during laryngo-tracheal surgery: the use of an ultra-thin endotracheal tube (Tritube®) and flow-controlled ventilation—a retrospective case series and a review of the literature
Authors: Grassetto Alberto , Pettenuzzo Tommaso , Badii Flavio , Barzaghi Francesca , Carlon Riccardo , Dellarole Sandro , Pipitone Marilena , Versaci Alessandra , Sella Nicolò , Lionello Marco , Bertolin Andy
Published: August 2022

Background

Upper airway surgery often poses a challenge to both anesthesiologists and surgeons, as airway access, mechanical ventilation, and surgical difficulties may occur in a tricky combination. To fulfill the need for a tubeless surgery, techniques such as apneic oxygenation or jet ventilation may be used, which carry the risk of several complications. The ultrathin cuffed endotracheal tube Tritube can be used with flow-controlled ventilation (FCV) to provide adequate surgical field and ventilation. To assess the feasibility, safety, and effectiveness of this technique, we describe a series of 21 patients, with various lung conditions, undergoing laryngo-tracheal surgery with FCV delivered via Tritube. Moreover, we perform a narrative systematic review to summarize clinical data on the use of Tritube during upper airway surgery.

Results

All patients were successfully intubated in one attempt with Tritube. The median (interquartile range [IQR]) tidal volume was 6.7 (6.2–7.1) mL/kg of ideal body weight, the median end-expiratory pressure was 5.3 (5.0–6.4) cmH2O, and the median peak tracheal pressure was 16 (15–18) cmH2O. The median minute volume was 5.3 (5.0–6.4) L/min. Median global alveolar driving pressure was 8 (7–9) cmH2O. The median maximum level of end-tidal CO2was 39 (35–41) mmHg. During procedures involving laser, the maximum fraction of inspired oxygen was 0.3, with the median lowest peripheral oxygen saturation of 96% (94–96%). No complications associated with intubation or extubation occurred. In one patient, the ventilator needed to be rebooted for a software issue. In two (10%) patients, Tritube needed to be flushed with saline to remove secretions. In all patients, optimal visualization and accessibility of the surgical site were obtained, according to the surgeon in charge. Thirteen studies (seven case reports, two case series, three prospective observational studies, and one randomized controlled trial) were included in the narrative systematic review and described.

Conclusions

Tritube in combination with FCV provided adequate surgical exposure and ventilation in patients undergoing laryngo-tracheal surgery. While training and experience with this new method is needed, FCV delivered with Tritube may represent an ideal approach that benefits surgeons, anesthesiologists, and patients with difficult airways and compromised lung mechanics.
Updated Overall Survival and Exploratory Analysis From Randomized, Phase II EVAN Study of Erlotinib Versus Vinorelbine Plus Cisplatin Adjuvant Therapy in Stage IIIA Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor+ Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Yue Dongsheng , Xu Shidong , Wang Qun , Li Xiaofei , Shen Yi , Zhao Heng , Chen Chun , Mao Weimin , Liu Wei , Liu Junfeng , Zhang Lanjun , Ma Haitao , Li Qiang , Yang Yue , Liu Yongyu , Chen Haiquan , Zhang Zhenfa , Zhang Bin , Wang Changli
Published: August 2022

Clinical trials frequently include multiple end points that mature at different times. The initial report, typically based on the primary end point, may be published when key planned co-primary or secondary analyses are not yet available. Clinical Trial Updates provide an opportunity to disseminate additional results from studies, published in JCO or elsewhere, for which the primary end point has already been reported.

The randomized, open-label, phase II EVAN study investigated the efficacy (disease-free survival [DFS] and 5-year overall survival [OS]) and safety of erlotinib versus vinorelbine/cisplatin as adjuvant chemotherapy after complete resection (R0) for stage III epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR) mutation+ non–small-cell lung cancer. We describe the updated results at the 43-month follow-up. In EVAN, patients were randomly assigned (1:1) to erlotinib (n = 51) or vinorelbine/cisplatin (n = 51). The median follow-up was 54.8 and 63.9 months in the erlotinib and chemotherapy arms, respectively. With erlotinib, the respective 5-year DFS by Kaplan-Meier analysis was 48.2% (95% CI, 29.4 to 64.7) and 46.2% (95% CI, 27.6 to 62.9) in the intention-to-treat and per-protocol populations. The median OS was 84.2 months with erlotinib versus 61.1 months with chemotherapy (hazard ratio, 0.318; 95% CI, 0.151 to 0.670). The 5-year survival rates were 84.8% and 51.1% with erlotinib and chemotherapy, respectively. In whole-exome sequencing analysis, frequent genes with variants co-occurring at baseline were TP53, MUC16, FAM104B, KMT5A, and DNAH9. With erlotinib, a single-nucleotide polymorphism mutation in UBXN11 was associated with significantly worse DFS ( P = .01). To our knowledge, this study is the first to demonstrate clinically meaningful OS improvement with adjuvant erlotinib compared with chemotherapy in R0 stage III EGFR+ non–small-cell lung cancer.
Cartographic Memory
Authors: Herrera Juan
Published: August 2022

In Cartographic Memory, Juan Herrera maps 1960s Chicano movement activism in the Latinx neighborhood of Fruitvale in Oakland, California, showing how activists there constructed a politics forged through productions of space. From Chicano-inspired street murals to the architecture of restaurants and shops, Herrera shows how Fruitvale’s communities and spaces serve as a palpable, living record of movement politics and achievements. Drawing on oral histories with Chicano activists, ethnography, and archival research, Herrera analyzes how activism has shaped Fruitvale. Herrera examines the ongoing nature of activism through nonprofit organizations and urban redevelopment projects like the Fruitvale Transit Village that root movements in place. Revealing that the social justice activism in Fruitvale fights for a space that does not yet exist, Herrera brings to life contentious politics about the nature of Chicanismo, Latinidad, and belonging while foregrounding the lasting social and material legacies of movements so often relegated to the past.
Assessment of ovarian reserve and role of its determining factors in patients with endometriomas combined with pelvic inflammatory disease
Authors: Bihun R. , Henyk N.
Published: August 2022

Resume. Endometriosis affects from 10% to 50% of women of reproductive age and is one of the most common diseases in gynecology. One of its most common kinds – ovarian endometrial cysts – accounts from 17% to 44% of all patients. The aim of the study was to evaluate the parameters of the ovarian reserve in patients with endometriomas combined with pelvic inflammatory disease. Research materials and methods. Two groups of patients were formed: group I included 45 women with endometriomas combined with pelvic inflammatory disease; group II consisted of 45 patients with isolated endometriomas. Generally accepted criteria were used to assess the ovarian reserve: FSH level, AMH > 1.0 n/ml, number of follicles D, volume of both ovaries. Statistical calculations included the method of calculating the odds ratio (OR) and its 95% confidental interval (95% CI).

Research results and their discussion. The frequency of the decrease in main parameters of the ovarian reserve showed a deviation in two-thirds of cases in women of group I (68.9%), which is 2.2 times more common (p<0.05). AMH parameters showed a deviation by 3.6 times compared to the control group, and by 1.7 times compared to the parameters of group II (p<0.05). The average level of FSH in blood serum of women in group I was 2.0 times higher than the control indicators, and 1.5 times higher than the indicators of patients in group II. The number of antral follicles < 5 in group II was in 22.2% of observations; and in group 1 – in 91.1% (p<0.05). The endometrioma itself demonstrated a significant influence on the parameters of the ovarian reserve: in the case of a significant share of multiple bilateral endometrial cysts (OR=5.65; 95% CI: (1.71-18.67); p<0.05), their large sizes (OR=7.94; 95% CI: (3.0-21.0); p<0.05), combination with pelvic inflammatory disease, (OR=29.42; 95% CI: (6.33 -146.72); p<0.05) and tubo-ovarian tumours (OR=6.96; 95% CI: (1.44-33.51); p<0.05), as well as aggressive consequences during surgical intervention on both ovaries (OR=8.26; 95% CI: (2.65-25.79); p<0.05). Conclusions. About half of the patients with endometriomas combined with pelvic inflammatory disease note a decrease in the ovarian reserve. Statistically reliable factors are multiple and large ovarian endometrial cysts, a combination with recurrent pelvic inflammatory disease, tubo-ovarian tumours and surgical interventions on the ovaries.
Identification of Factors Affecting Consumers In Buying Local Chocolate Products
Authors: Bachtiar Wildan Fajar , Anoraga Satria Bhirawa , Purwaditya Anjar Kistia
Published: August 2022

Yogyakarta has become a potential market for culinary industries. One of the emerging products, which becomes a typical souvenir from Yogyakarta, is local chocolate products. Some of the local chocolate producers continue to grow through their uniqueness and different sales points. The objective of this study is to investigate factors affecting of consumer decision making in purchasing local chocolate as a souvenir. This study was conducted in September 2019 through primary data collection in Yogyakarta. This research study involves exploration of significant target consumers. The total sample of 31 respondents were collected by accidental sampling. The results indicate that consumers highlighted promotion as the most important marketing factor that influences the purchasing decision for local chocolate products. On the other hand, consumers show that the products' quality and store are more important than the prices. Premium quality products, attractive and economical packaging, and giving product samples, ranked as the top three influential promotion sub-factors related to local chocolate product selection. Consumers who have higher educational backgrounds will focus on quality. The price factor becomes the last consideration, which is the variable price versus the number of contents in one package.
Formulation and Sensory Reception of Steamed Brownies with Avocado (Persea americana) Seeds as Additive
Authors: Adisty Amanda Dwi Oktavia , Rahayu Wahidah Mahanani , Juwitaningtyas Titisari
Published: August 2022

Avocado (Persea americana) is a fruit part of the Lauraceae family, which can be widely found in tropical and subtropical regions. With an annual harvest of more than 300,000 tons in Indonesia and only flesh as edible part, avocado has large byproducts such as skin and seed. The later contains 23% of starch and fat, which can be utilized as an alternative source of starch. This study aimed to examine consumer preference for steamed brownies with avocado seed as additive. Preference was measured using a hedonic test on 55 untrained panelists at a measurable scale of 1-7. Results showed that brownies made by 90 g shredded avocado seed and 80 g wheat flour had the highest hedonic score for color, appearance, texture, aroma, and flavor of 4.4, 4.2, 4.1, 3.75, and 3.7, respectively. These results indicated the possibility to develop a better formula to produce steamed brownies with avocado seed preferable by consumers.
Quality Control of Dry Noodle Product Processing in Semarang Central Java
Authors: Safitri Rosdiana Dewi , Khairi Amalya Nurul
Published: August 2022

Quality control is needed to produce quality products. Quality control is aimed at reducing defects in production results. In this study, we focus on the analysis of the types of defects, the number of defects, and the causes of defects in dry noodles, including the attributes of moisture content, shape, and packaging. The population in data collection was all dry noodle. The sampling method for the moisture content attribute was purposive sampling. Data collection methods by observation, interview, and literature study. Data were analyzed using pareto chart, control chart (p-chart), and fishbone diagram. The control chart showed four points of defective products that were beyond the control limits and six points that were within the control limits. Finally, the fishbone diagram demonstrated that two dominant factors causing defects in dry noodle products were machine and the processing method.
Hedonic Test Analysis and Feasibility of The Selling Price of Cocoa Seed Waste Products in PT XYZ Kulon Progo, Yogyakarta
Authors: Sari Oktavia Nurmalita , Hidayah Nurul , Rahayu Wahidah Mahanani
Published: August 2022

Innovative use of waste into herbal beverage products the waste treatment process starts from the stage of roasting cocoa beans, breaking the beans and peeling the skin, sorting, drying, preparation of packaging and materials, filling and mixing, giving silica gel and labelling the expiration date. The raw materials needed are cocoa bean husk, dried cardamom, and cinnamon powder. While the packaging material uses PET plastic bottle packaging. Before the product is marketed, it is necessary to conduct a feasibility analysis of the selling price. The analysis shows that the selling price of chocolate product of Rp. 15,000 is feasible because profit taking is 48% with the selling price per unit more than the cost per unit. The net profit margin of chocolate product of 32.6% means that the company is considered efficient in determining the selling price of its products and successfully controlling costs in it because the NPM figure is > 5%. Hedonic tests were also conducted to determine consumer acceptance of the product through a hedonic test of 20 panelists based on the parameters of color, aroma, taste, and packaging. The hedonic test scale 1 shows that consumers do not like it very much, a scale 2 does not like it, a scale 3 likes it, and a scale 4 likes it very much. The average level of preference for color parameters is 3.58, aroma is 3.31, taste is 3.47, and packaging is 3.84 which indicates that the panelists like these 4 parameters.
Hedonic Test of Pegagan Chocolate Products at PT XYZ
Authors: Iryani Dian , Hidayah Nurul
Published: August 2022

Handling of raw materials for cocoa beans is an important process to maintain the quality of the processed chocolate. There are several stages carried out in the post-harvest cocoa process including fruit picking, fruit breaking, cocoa bean fermentation, drying cocoa beans and storage. The purpose of this study was to determine whether or not a sensory assessment of the preference for pegagan chocolate was made, and to analyze the panellists’ level of acceptance of pegagan chocolate. Pegagan leaf chocolate is produced with the aim of providing good nutrition, brain multivitamins and memory enhancers. Sensory assessment of the hedonic test using 20 untrained panellists from the parameters measured were color, taste, texture, aroma and shape. The panellists’ acceptance of chocolate with the addition of pegagan leaves was that the majority liked the chocolate on all parameters.
Characterization of Ganyong (Canna discolor) and Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) Flour Affected by Heat Moisture Treatment
Authors: Yovani Tania , Wangrimen Gervasius Harwin , Fitriani Aprilia
Published: August 2022

Cookies are food products that are often a consumption. High glycemic index (GI) cookies consumption causes increased diabetes mellitus (DM) cases. In addition, high GI cookies can improve obesity. DM and obesity lead to other complications and degenerative diseases. The low GI value cookies need to produce for diabetes mellitus prevention. This research is a preliminary study to produce raw material flour for low GI cookies. Heat moisture treatment (HMT) was applied to modify the Canna flour. Canna flour increased the moisture content to 34.39% wet base (w.b.), then dried at 92°C for 20.6 h. HMT process increased the resistance starch, soluble and insoluble fiber. Treated Ganyong flour has 2.16 % dry base (d.b.) soluble fiber, 30.19 % d.b., and 28.03% d.b. The result showed that HMT increased total dietary and soluble fiber. Those parameters are essential to low GI cookies for diabetes mellitus prevention. HMT also increased the whiteness index of Ganyong flour.
Cannabis-based medicinal products: a clinical guide
Authors: Philips Elisabeth , Erridge Simon , Sodergren Mikael H
Published: August 2022

Cannabis sativa L has a long history as a medicinal plant, dating back more than two millennia. Preclinical studies using both pharmacological and genetic approaches have increased the understanding of this plant and its importance in providing therapeutic strategies for a variety of conditions. The cannabis plant comprises hundreds of different active compounds with potential therapeutic properties, with cannabinoids being the main class of active compounds. Recent drug development has produced cannabinoid-rich cannabis-based medicinal products, which were legalised in November 2018 in the UK. They are increasingly prescribed for conditions, including multiple sclerosis, epilepsy and chronic pain. This article aims to review the current literature on the therapeutic effects and applications of the two main cannabinoids found in cannabis-based medicinal products.
The effects of sensory stimuli on the rehabilitation of behaviourally low Glasgow Coma Scale patients
Authors: Kavanagh Niamh
Published: August 2022

Patients can have low Glasgow Coma Scale scores for a variety of reasons, including traumatic brain injury, post traumatic amnesia, subarachnoid haemorrhage, or because of the location of a brain tumour or brain surgery. It can be exceedingly difficult for family members and loved ones to cope with this phenomenon, as, while their relative is alive, they are not the same person that they were prior to their brain injury or surgery and may no longer be able to communicate or carry out self-caring tasks. Therefore, it is optimal to enhance recovery and rehabilitation as much as possible to ensure the patient regains awareness and independence. Patients often spend the first few months post injury or surgery in an acute hospital setting before moving to a dedicated neurorehabilitation centre. This literature review explores the effect of sensory stimulation, such as music therapy and environmental stimuli, on the rehabilitation of low Glasgow Coma Scale patients.
Exterior characteristics and body measurements of Bligon goat on the different agro-ecological zones in Bantul District, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Rahmawati Reny Dwi , Atmoko Bayu Andri , Budisatria I Gede Suparta , Ngadiyono Nono , Panjono Panjono
Published: August 2022

Abstract. Rahmawati RD, Atmoko BA, Budisatria IGS, Ngadiyono N, Panjono. 2021. Exterior characteristics and body measurements of Bligon goat on the different agro-ecological zones in Bantul District, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 143-150. The Bligon goat is one of the goat breeds those farmers mostly keep in Bantul District, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. This study was conducted to determine the exterior characteristics of Bligon goat in different agro-ecological zones in Bantul District. A total of 478 Bligon goats taken from highlands (146 head), lowlands (163 head), and coastal (169 head) were observed and grouped by age (0-6 months), young (6-18 months), and adults (>18 months). The data observed included qualitative traits (body color distribution and ear shape) and quantitative traits (withers height, chest girth, body length, ear length, and body weight). Qualitative data were analyzed descriptively, and quantitative data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance. The results showed that the head hair coat color of Bligon goats was mostly striped (pied), with the percentages in the highland, lowland, and coastal zones being 71.9%, 69.2%, and 67.7%, respectively. The body hair coat color in the highland (52.1%) and lowland (39.6%) were striped primarily, while on the coast, it was white (70.7%). The crest color in the highland (69.9%) and lowland (44.7%) were mostly a mixture of brown, black, and white, while on the coast, it was white (70.1%). The mane ruff (rewos) color in the highland (88.4%), lowland (57.9%), and coast (59.3%) were primarily a mixture of brown, black, and white. Ear shapes in the highland (92.5%) and lowland (73.6%) are open principally, while in the coastal areas are mostly folded (56.9%). The average body size of Bligon goats in the coastal zone was larger than in the lowlands (P<0.05), and in the lowlands was larger than in the highlands (P<0.05). It was concluded that the different agro-ecological zones in Bantul District have different exterior characteristics in Bligon goats both qualitatively and quantitatively.
Improving the larvae acceptance rate and morphometric characteristics of queen Apis cerana javana by grafting larvae at different ages
Authors: Ustadi Ustadi , Ikhsan Nur , Junus Moch. , Suyadi Suyadi
Published: August 2022

Abstract. Ustadi, Ikhsan N, Junus M, Suyadi. 2021. Improving the larvae acceptance rate and morphometric characteristics of queen Apis cerana javana by grafting larvae at different ages. Biodiversitas 23: 166-170. This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of different ages of grafted larvae on the acceptance rate and morphometric characteristics of queen Apis cerana javana Fabr. The total of 72 larvae were 1, 2, and 3 days old and was reared in 7 colonies with 3 treatments (larvae age) and 6 replications. The morphometrics studied consisted of body length, emergence weight, head length, head width, thorax length, thorax width, fore wing length, fore wing width, abdomen length, and abdomen width. The results showed that the different ages of grafted larvae had a highly significant on body length, emergence weight (P<0.01), significant on abdomen length (P<0.05), but not on head length, head width, thorax length, thorax width, fore wing length, fore wing width, abdomen width, acceptance rate. However, the higher acceptance rate was 73.33% to be found in 1 day old of larvae than in 2 and 3 days old. The age of grafted larvae of 1 day old has a higher body length, emergence weight, and abdomen length (P<0.05) than in 2 and 3 days old of larvae. Thus, it can be concluded that the age of grafted larvae of 1 day old was the best age to queen rearing of Apis cerana javana.
Fish diversity and heavy metal accumulation of Pb, Cu and Zn after Mount Sinabung Eruption in Benuken River, North Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: Sinuraya Melda Agnes Pebriani , Barus Ternala Alexander , Ilyas Syafruddin
Published: August 2022

Abstract. Pebriani MA, Barus TA, Ilyas S. 2021. Fish diversity and heavy metal accumulation of Pb, Cu and Zn after Mount Sinabung Eruption in Benuken River, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 187-194. The Benuken River is a river that has been affected by the volcanic ash eruption of Mount Sinabung, one of the active volcanoes in Indonesia. This study further examines the diversity of fish species and the analysis of their tissues with regard to the heavy metal content of each species in the Benuken River, Berastepu Village, Karo Regency after the eruption of Mount Sinabung using atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). The fish and water sampling were carried out in March 2019 with two sampling points using the electrofishing technique. Furthermore, four species were documented, including Spotted barb (Puntius binotatus), River loaches (Homaloptera nebulosa), Mahseer (Tor soro), and Striped snakehead (Channa striata). The diversity index of the fish community from two study sites ranged between 0.012<H' <0.023 or was categorized as very low in diversity. Meanwhile, the heavy metals concentrations of Cu, Pb and Zn in the water of Benuken River were below tolerance level based on the Governmental Regulations No. 82 year 2001. The average heavy metal concentrations in fish tissue were also safe for consumption based on the standard quality by FAO/WHO (2004) with 0.0049 ppm, 0.0056 ppm and 0.3852 ppm of Pb, Cu and Zn, respectively.
Genetic diversity analysis of Puan Kalianda kopyor coconuts (Cocos nucifera) from South Lampung, Indonesia based on SSR markers
Authors: Rahayu Megayani Sri , Setiawan Asep , Maskromo Ismail , Purwito Agus , Sudarsono Sudarsono
Published: August 2022

Abstract. Rahayu MS, Setiawan A, Maskromo I, Purwito A, Sudarsono. 2021. Genetic diversity analysis of Puan Kalianda kopyor coconuts (Cocos nucifera) from South Lampung, Indonesia based on SSR markers. Biodiversitas 23: 205-211. Puan Kalianda kopyor coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) is a newly released tall kopyor coconut from Kalianda, South Lampung, Indonesia. The kopyor coconut is an exotic, highly economic value coconut mutant with an abnormal endosperm. This study aimed to analyze the genetic diversity of Puan Kalianda kopyor coconut from South Lampung, Indonesia using SSR markers. As many as 91 Puan Kalianda kopyor coconut accessions were genotyped using 10 SSR marker loci, and the generated data were used to evaluate their genetic diversity and population structure. The results showed a high degree of SSR marker polymorphism (PIC value = 67%), indicating the SSR marker loci are informative for revealing the genetic diversity within the evaluated Puan Kalianda kopyor coconut population. The Puan Kalianda coconut population showed a 70% expected heterozygosity (He) and 60% observed heterozygosity. The phylogenetic analysis formed two main clusters, and each cluster consisted of three sub-clusters. The Genetic structure analysis showed that the population most probably derived from two ancestral origins (K = 2) and can further be clustered into six sub-clusters (K = 6). Therefore, since genetic diversity within the population is relatively high, the Puan Kalianda tall kopyor coconut population can be considered an essential genetic resource for future kopyor coconut development.
Population characteristics and habitat suitability of Khao Yai National Park, Thailand for Asian elephant and five ungulate species
Authors: PLA-ARD MANANYA , KHIOESREE NORASET , SUNGKALAK BENCHARONG , NATHALANG ANUTTARA , THOMAS WARISARA , UTHAIRATSAMEE SUWIMON , PAANSRI PAANWARIS , CHANACHAI YUWALAK , SUKMASUANG RONGLARP
Published: August 2022

Abstract. Pla-ard M, Khioesree N, Sungkalak B, Nathalang A, Thomas W, Uthairatsamee S, Paansri P, Chanachai Y, Sukmasuang R. 2021. Population characteristics and habitat suitability of Khao Yai National Park, Thailand for Asian elephant and five ungulate species. Biodiversitas 23: 231-243. This study of population characteristics and habitat suitability of Asian elephant (Elephas maximus Linnaeus, 1758) and five ungulate species was conducted between October 2017 and July 2020 in Khao Yai National Park (KYNP) using camera traps. One hundred and twenty-two camera trap locations were set up for a total of 4,139 trap nights and 5,461 independent encounters were identified. The target species of Asian elephant, gaur, sambar deer, wild boar, northern red muntjac and lesser oriental chevrotain were recorded. The results show the occupancy of Asian elephant was 1.21 individuals/km2 within the study area. The probability occupancy of the Asian elephant was 70% (SE=0.06). In comparison, gaur had a probability occupancy of 57% (SE=0.07), whereas sambar deer was 79% (SE=0.04), followed by wild boar 77% (SE=0.05), northern red muntjac 77% (SE=0.05) and lesser oriental chevrotain occupancy 63% (SE=0.07). The age structure of Asian elephant between calf, juvenile, sub-adult and adult was 1: 2.1: 1.2: 3.16, and the ratio between adult males and females was 1: 1.72. The results show that roads and salt lick sites were the essential factors affecting the chance of Asian elephants and ungulate species in the area. The habitat suitability for Asian elephant was 331 km2, while those for gaur, sambar deer, wild boar, northern red muntjac and lesser oriental chevrotain were 287.73 km2, 249.97 km2, 540.40 km2, 451.34 km2 and 434.30 km2, respectively. Recommendations for further management involve concentration on the suitable area resulting from this study. Concerning the suitability habitat, it was found that the park boundary was most suited. Therefore, habitat improvements for all large herbivorous mammal species should improve the areas within the national park and especially address the central area, with an emphasis on creating salt lick sites, in addition to grassland and water sources that must be quality and sufficient, the most important habitat factor for these species.
Growth and reproductive biology of white-spotted rabbitfish (Siganus canaliculatus) on different seagrass habitats in Inner Ambon Bay, Indonesia
Authors: Latuconsina Husain , Kamal M. Mukhlis , Affandi Ridwan , Butet Nurlisa A
Published: August 2022

Abstract. Latuconsina H, Kamal MM, Affandi R, Butet NA. 2021. Growth and reproductive biology of White-spotted rabbitfish (Siganus canaliculatus) on different seagrass habitats in Inner Ambon Bay, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 273-285. Seagrass meadows are one of the important habitats for Siganus canaliculatus. This study aimed to compare the growth and reproductive biology of S. canaliculatus in different seagrass habitats on the Inner Ambon Bay. A fish sampling was observed once a month for a year (15 August 2018-20 July 2019) using a beach seine. The data analysis included growth patterns, condition factors, sex ratio, gonadal maturity, gonado somatic index, size at first maturity, and fecundity. The study results obtained body Length and weight varied between seagrass habitats, with an isometric growth pattern. The equation W: 0.0105 L3,1007 male and W: 0.0165L2,9444 female in mixed vegetation, while for monospecific vegetation, male W: 0.0109L3,0891 and female W: 0.0143L3,0067. The value of condition factors, sex ratio, size at first maturity, and fecundity differed between seagrass habitats. The range of fecundity is 198,000-783,750 eggs, and there is a positive relationship between body length and weight with fecundity. A technical approach to fisheries management is needed, namely: (i) the size at first maturity is used as a reference for the size of fish that can be caught, and (ii) determination of mixed vegetation seagrass as a conservation area; and monospecific vegetation as fishing grounds.
Traditional medicinal plants and their utilization by local communities around Lambung Mangkurat Education Forests, South Kalimantan, Indonesia
Authors: NUGROHO YUSANTO , SOENDJOTO MOCHAMAD ARIEF , SUYANTO SUYANTO , MATATULA JERIELS , ALAM SYAMSU , WIRABUANA PANDU YUDHA ADI PUTRA
Published: August 2022

Abstract. Nugroho Y, Soendjoto MA, Suyanto, Matatula J, Alam S, Wirabuana PYAP. 2021. Traditional medicinal plants and their utilization by local communities around Lambung Mangkurat Education Forests, South Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 306-314. Lambung Mangkurat Education Forests (LMEF) is a unique forest area with high plant diversity, including medicinal plants. This study aimed to document the list of natural medicinal plant species in LMEF and analyze the community perceptions on utilizing them. Exploratory surveys collected data through field observation and interviews with people living in villages around LMEF. The inventory of medicinal plants was conducted by line transect method with 1,000 m long and 20 m wide. Meanwhile, indigenous communities' description of medicinal plant utilization was explored using an interview process on fifty respondents. The results showed that 56 medicinal plant species were naturally distributed in LMEF. Most plants have habitus as trees, wherein local communities commonly use their leaves as traditional medicine. Local people generally applied the extraction process using hot water to obtain the benefit of these plants. Interestingly, more than 70% of respondents prefer traditional medicine to drugs. These findings indicated that the sustainable management of LMEF can support the vital role of forest ecosystems for people's health.