bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical characteristics and outcomes in acute myocardial infarction patients aged ≥65 years in Western Romania
Authors: Caruntu Florina , Bordejevic Diana Aurora , Tomescu Mirela Cleopatra , Citu Ioana Mihaela
Published: September 2021

Older age is known as a negative prognostic parameter in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). In this study, we aimed to investigate age-related differences in treatment protocols, in-hospital and 1-year mortality. This retrospective observational single-center study enrolled consecutive AMI patients with an urgent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) as the main method of myocardial revascularization. The patients divided were divided by age into group I (≥65 years) and group II (<65 years). The primary endpoint was in-hospital mortality, the secondary endpoints were 1-year mortality and rehospitalization rates. Of the 522 admitted with AMI, 476 were enrolled in the study. The mean age was 67 ± 13 years; 62% were men. Group I patients had a significantly lower rate of performed PCI (65% vs. 79%, P < 0.001). 53 patients (12.3%) died during hospitalization, and this proportion was notably higher in the older population (20% vs. 6%, P < 0.0001). The cardiac causes of death were more frequent in group I patients (12% vs. 5.6%, P = 0.016). The multivariate logistic regression selected two variables as independent predictors for the risk of in-hospital death: age ≥65 years (P = 0.0170), and Killip class at admission (P < 0.0001). The 1-year mortality was 3.3%, slightly higher in group I patients (4.8% vs. 1.5%, P = 0.05). In conclusion, patients aged ≥65 years have three times higher in-hospital mortality, but similar 1-year mortality and readmission rates when compared with the younger patients. It is obvious that there is a large potential for improvement of the AMI care in this age group of patients.
Serum endothelin-1 level positively correlates with waist and hip circumferences in stable coronary artery disease patients
Authors: Hartopo Anggoro Budi , Fachiroh Jajah , Puspitawati Ira , Dewi Fatwa Sari Tetra
Published: September 2021

Central obesity is associated with increased level and activity of endothelin-1. The waist and hip circumferences are simple indicators of central obesity. Waist circumference correlates with visceral adiposity, whereas hip circumference associates with gluteofemoral peripheral adiposity. Both measurements have independent and opposite correlation with coronary artery disease (CAD) risk factors. The relation between serum endothelin-1 in stable CAD and both parameters of central obesityneeds to be investigated. This study aims to examine the correlation between serum endothelin-1 level and waist and hip circumferences as parameters of central obesity in patients with stable CAD. This was a cross-sectional study. Consecutive subjects were enrolled among those who underwent elective coronary angiography with significant CAD. Serum endothelin-1 was measured from peripheral blood samples taken before coronary angiography procedure. The measurement of waist circumference, hip circumference, and ratio derived from them, was performed. Central obesity was determined by waist circumference cut-off for Indonesian population. The correlation analysis was performed with Pearson test. The multivariate analysis was performed with multiple linear regression test. The comparison of serum endothelin-1 level between groups was performed with Student T test. We enrolled 50 subjects. The majority of subjects was male (80.0%), hypertensive (86.0%), dyslipidemic (68%) and smoker (52%). Most subjects had history of acute coronary syndrome (64%). Mean waist circumference was 87.6 +/– SD cm, hip circumference was 95.3 cm +/– SD, mean waist-to-hip ratio was 0.92 +/– SD and mean waist-to-height ratio was 0.54 +/– SD. Central obesity occurred in 32% of subjects. Mean serum endothelin-1 level was 2.2 ± 0.7 pg/mL. Serum endothelin-1 level tended to be higher in subjects with central obesity as compared to those without. Serum endothelin-1 level was significantly correlated with age, hemoglobin level, waist circumference (coefficient of 0.311, p value = 0.023) and hip circumference (coefficient of 0.359, p value = 0.010). Multivariable analysis indicated that age (coefficient of –0.353, p value = 0.007) and hip circumference (coefficient of 0.335, p value = 0.011) were independently correlated with serum endothelin-1. For conclusion, in patients with stable CAD, serum endothelin-1 was positively correlated with both waist circumference and hip circumference. Hip circumference independently and positively correlated with serum endothelin-1 level.
Clinical outcomes in patients with heart failure with and without cirrhosis: an analysis from the national inpatient sample
Authors: Yazdanyar Ali , Maqsood Muhammad Haisum , Pelayo Jerald , Sanon Julien , Quintero Eduardo , Lo Kevin Bryan , Mathew Roy O. , Rangaswami Janani
Published: September 2021

Outcomes of heart failure (HF) hospitalization are driven by the presence or absence of comorbid conditions. Cirrhosis is associated with worse outcomes in patients with HF, and both HF and cirrhosis are associated with worse renal outcomes. Using a nationally representative sample we describe inpatient outcomes of all-cause mortality and length of stay (LOS) among patients with and without cirrhosis hospitalized for decompensated with HF. We conducted a cross sectional analysis using Nationwide Inpatient Sample (2010–2014) data including patients hospitalized for decompensated HF, with or without cirrhosis. We calculated the adjusted odds of all-cause mortality, acute kidney injury (AKI), and target LOS after adjusting for potential confounders. Out of the 2,487,445 hospitalized for decompensated HF 39,950 had cirrhosis of which majority (75.1%) were non-alcoholic cirrhosis. Patients with comorbid cirrhosis were more likely to die (OR, 1.26; 95% CI, 1.11 to 1.43) and develop AKI (OR, 1.26; 95% CI, 1.16 to 1.36) as compared to those without cirrhosis. Underlying CKD was associated with a greater odds of AKI (OR, 4.99; 95% CI, 4.90 to 5.08), and the presence of cirrhosis amplified this risk (OR, 6.03; 95% CI, 5.59 to 6.51). There was approximately a 40% decrease in the relative odds of lower HF hospitalization length of stay among those with both CKD and cirrhosis, relative to those without either comorbidities. Cirrhosis in patients with hospitalizations for decompensated HF is associated with higher odds of mortality, decreased likelihood of discharge by the targeted LOS, and AKI. Among patients with HF the presence of cirrhosis increases the risk of AKI, which in turn is associated with poor clinical outcomes.
Abnormal expression of TGFBR2, EGF, LRP10, and IQGAP1 is involved in the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease
Authors: Du Yanwei , Hu Yanan , Wen Naiyan , Fu Shuang , Zhang Guorong , Li Li , Liu Tiantian , Lv Xuejiao , Zhang Wenfeng
Published: September 2021

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the most common cardiovascular disease worldwide. In this study, we investigated the pathogenesis of CAD. We downloaded the GSE98583 dataset, including 12 CAD samples and 6 normal samples, from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and screened differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in CAD versus normal samples. Next, we performed functional enrichment analysis, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, and functional module analyses to explore potential functions and regulatory functions of identified DEGs. Next, transcription factors (TFs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) targeting DEGs were predicted. In total, 456 DEGs were identified in CAD and normal samples, including 175 upregulated and 281 downregulated genes. These genes were enriched in the intestinal immune network for immunoglobulin A production and the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway (e.g., TGFBR2 and EGF). The PPI network contained 212 genes, and HIST1H2BJ, HIST1H2AC, EGF, and EP300 were hub genes with degrees higher than 10. Four significant modules were identified from the PPI network, with genes in the modules mainly enriched in the inflammatory response, protein ubiquitination involved in ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic processes, protein transport, and mitochondrial translational elongation, respectively. Two TFs (E2F1 and FOXK1) and five miRNAs (miR-122A, miR-516-5P, miR-507, miR-342, and miR-520F) were predicted to target 112 DEGs. miR-122A reportedly targets both LRP10 and IQGAP1 in the TF-miRNA target regulatory network. The abnormal expression of TGFBR2, EGF, LRP10, and IQGAP1 may be implicated in CAD pathogenesis. Our study provides targets and potential regulators for investigating CAD pathogenesis.
Trends and distribution of coronary heart disease mortality rate in Hexi Corridor, Gansu, China from 2006 to 2015
Authors: Li Xinghui , Da Zhihe , Ren Xiaolan , Qiao Yan , Xie Ping , Sun Xiaolong , Wang Lijun , Han Junxian , Hua Yongfeng
Published: September 2021

This study described the trend and distribution of coronary heart disease (CHD) in the Hexi Corridor region of Gansu. The CHD mortality rates from 2006–2015 were obtained through the Death Reporting System of Gansu Centers for Disease Control (CDC) for 2006–2015. The overall mortality rate of CHD in the Hexi Corridor showed a decreasing trend, increasing in winter and spring and lowest in summer. The CHD mortality rate was higher in men than in women (P < 0.05) and increased with age (P < 0.05). The mortality rate was higher in rural areas than in urban areas (P < 0.05). A ten-year mortality rate trend analysis showed that CHD mortality rate in women has significantly decreased. Specifically, women aged 18–39 years experienced increased There was little change in CHD mortality among women aged 40–59 years, and a declined in CHD mortality among women 60 years and older and women in urban areas. Further analysis showed that in the 18–39-year-old and 40–59-year-old groups and in urban areas, CHD mortality rate was higher in men than in women (P < 0.05). From 2006 to 2015, the mortality rate of CHD in the Hexi Corridor of Gansu was lower than in the national average, but in certain populations such as men, young and middle-aged group and rural areas, the CHD mortality rate was gradually increased. There has been a gradual and progressive decline in CHD mortality rate compared to the rising trend in China. This is due to fewer risk factors in the region, effective drug treatment and improvements in environmental pollution. However, there is still a need to enhance the experience of effective prevention and control for specific subgroups such as men, young people and rural residents, and to take appropriate measures to prevent the occurrence of CHD.
Predictive potential of biomarkers and risk scores for major adverse cardiac events in elderly patients undergoing major elective vascular surgery
Authors: Perić Velimir S. , Golubović Mladjan D. , Lazarević Milan V. , Kostić Tomislav L. , Stokanović Dragana S. , Đorđević Miodrag N. , Marjanović Vesna G. , Stošić Marija D. , Milić Dragan J.
Published: September 2021

Elderly patients scheduled for major elective vascular surgery are at high risk for a major adverse cardiac events (MACE). The objectives of the study were: (1) To determine the individual discriminatory ability of four risk prediction models and four biomarkers in predicting MACEs in elderly patients undergoing major elective vascular surgery; (2) to find a prognostic model with the best characteristics; (3) to examine the significance of all preoperative parameters; and (4) to determine optimal cut-off values for biomarkers with best predictor capabilities. We enrolled 144 geriatric patients, aged 69.97 ± 3.73 years, with a 2:1 male to female ratio. Essential inclusion criteria were open major vascular surgery and age >65 years. The primary outcome was the appearance of MACEs within 6 months. These were noted in 33 (22.9%) patients. The most frequent cardiac event was decompensated heart failure, which occurred in 22 patients (15.3%). New onset atrial fibrillation was registered in 13 patients (9%), and both myocardial infarction and ventricular arrhythmias occurred in eight patients each (5.5%). Excellent discriminatory ability (AUC >0.8) was observed for all biomarker combinations that included the N-terminal fragment of pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP). The most predictive two-variable combination was the Geriatric-Sensitive Cardiac Risk Index (GSCRI) + NT-proBNP (AUC of 0.830 with a 95% confidence interval). Female gender, previous coronary artery disease, and NT-proBNP were three independent predictors in a multivariate model of binary logistic regression. The Cox regression multivariate model identified high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and NT-proBNP as the only two independent predictors.
NIKAH DALAM PANDANGAN HUKUM ISLAM
Authors: Suryantoro Dwi Darsa , Rofiq Ainur
Published: September 2021

Pengertian nikah itu ada tiga, yang pertama adalah secara bahasa nikah adalah hubungan intim dan mengumpuli , seperti dikatakan pohon itu menikah apabila saling membuahi dan kumpul antara yang satu dengan yang lain, dan juga bisa disebut secara majaz nikah adalah akad karena dengan adanya akad inilah kita dapat menggaulinya. Kedua, secara hakiki nikah adalah akad dan secara majaz nikah adalah Wat’un (hubungan intim) sebalinya pengertian secara bahasa, dan banyak dalil yang menunjukkan bahwa nikah tersebut adalah akad seperti yang dijelaskan dalam al-Quran dan Hadist. Hukum perkawinan itu asalnya mubah (boleh), dalam artian tidak diwajibkan tetapi juga tidak dilarang Dengan berdasarkan pada perubahan illatnya atau keadaan masing-masing orang yang hendak melakukan perkawinan, maka perkawinan hukumnya dapat menjadi sunnah, wajib, makruh, dan haram
Sivas’da doğal olarak yetişen bazı odunsu ve çalı türlerinin peyzaj mimarlığında kullanım olanaklarının belirlenmesi
Authors: BOZKURT Selvinaz Gülçin
Published: September 2021

Dünyada kentleşmenin artması, açık ve yeşil alanların hızlı bir şekilde azalmasına neden olmaktadır. Buna paralel olarak bitkilerin, özellikle doğal türlerin peyzaj onarımında işlevsel katkılarının olması bitkilendirme çalışmalarındaki önemlerini hızla arttırmaktadır. Ekosistem hizmetlerinde işlevselliğin yanı sıra görsel özellikleri ile öne çıkan türlerden bazı odunsu ve çalı türleri gerek kentsel, gerekse de kırsal peyzaj çalışmalarında farklı kullanımları (farklı form, doku vb.) tercih edilmektedir. Sivas ili de geniş yeşil alanlara sahip olması nedeniyle birçok doğal bitki türüne ev sahipliği yapmaktadır. Bu nedenle, bu çalışma kapsamında Sivas’ta doğal olarak yetişen odunsu ve çalı türlerinin peyzaj mimarlığında kullanım olanakları incelenmiştir. Araştırma kapsamında öncelikle alanda doğal olarak yetişen odunsu ve çalı türleri belirlenmiş, bu türler arazide tespit edilerek peyzaj tasarımlarında kullanım olanakları irdelenmiştir. Bu çalışmalar sonucunda, alanda 21 familyaya ait toplam 56 takson peyzaj mimarlığı açısından fonksiyonel (erozyon önleme, perdeleme, karayolu kenarı ve refüj bitkilendirmesi, maden alanı yeniden ağaçlandırma, kaya bahçesi kullanımı, su kıyıları ve kıyı koruma) ve estetik özelliklerinin (çiçek güzelliği, yaprak güzelliği, meyve etkisi, form güzelliği, gövde güzelliği, gölge etkisi, sonbaharda yaprak renkliliği, kış etkisi) olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu özelliklerinden dolayı alanda tespit edilen doğal odunsu ve çalı türlerinin; parklar, endüstriyel bölgeler, kamu ve özel bahçeler ile karayolu şev ve refüjlerinde soliter ya da gruplar halinde kullanılmaları önerilmiştir.
Prevalence of Gastroenteritis Among Children Under Five Years of Age at a District Hospital
Authors: Elamin Mohamed Osman , Rahmutalah Hatim , Natto Hatim Abdullah Yousef , Elamin Fowzi Omer , Alfahmi Mohamed Hulayyil
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Gastroenteritis is a devastating disease particularly in children less than five year of age globally. In 1825, for the first time the term gastroenteritis was used to describe this symptom. Study design: A hospital-based descriptive study conducted among children less than five years of age. Setting: District teaching Hospital. The study was conducted during one Month, from February to march, 2017. Objectives: To study Prevalence of Gastroenteritis disease among children under 5 years of age, identify the prevalence rate and other risk factors associated with the disease. Material & Methods: The sample of the population covered all children under 5 years admitted the hospital during the specified period. (n = 50 child).Data were collected using a scientifically constructed Questionnaire. Data was analyzed using the computer soft-ware program (SPSS). Results: The study revealed that gender distribution indicated that gastroenteritis was more prevalent in male children than in female children. Also the study revealed that gastroenteritis was higher among families who have lower income 150 SDG (66.0%) and there was relationship between the family income and gastroenteritis. Conclusion: The study concluded that gastroenteritis was more prevalent in male children than in female children. And also low socio economic status, and sanitation practices and low parental education leads to gastroenteritis (GE) among children less than five years of age admitted to Ibrahim Malik teaching hospital in Khartoum state. Recommendations: Study recommends that Ministry of Health should implement health education program and training for raising knowledge and awareness of gastroenteritis among mothers, the department of health should improve the quality of water to avoid water borne disease that leads to gastroenteritis.
Application of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) in biooil characterization and authentication of chemical structures
Authors: Liu Fanxin , Zeng Wujun , Wei Yinglei , Hao Ben , Jiang Han-Quing
Published: September 2021

This article discusses the application of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) in biooil characterization and authentication of chemical structures.
Manuscript1
Authors: Zhao Yang
Published: September 2021

citizens' attitudes towards Internet hospitals and physical hospitals may be affected by privacy risks.
Comparison of "Learning," "Teaching," and "Teacher" Metaphors of Pre-Service and In-Service Science Teachers
Authors: Ural Evrim , Pekbalcı Muhammed
Published: September 2021

The study aims to examine science teachers' and pre-service science teachers' metaphors about learning, teaching, and teacher concepts and compare their metaphors. The study is designed according to phenomenology research design. The study participants consisted of 62 in-service science teachers working in government schools and 45 pre-service science teachers attending a government university’s science teaching department. The data was collected during the 2017-2018 academic year. The participants were requested to fill in the blanks of three statements: "Learning is like…..; because …….", "Teaching is like…..; because…….", "Teacher is like….; because……". The results displayed that teachers and pre-service teachers generally have different meaning categories. While teachers expressed the concept of “teacher,” they took their own experiences and professional lives into consideration since they are actively working as teachers. On the other hand, pre-service teachers expressed their own teachers and their behaviors while defining the concept of “teacher.” Similarly, when we take a look at the results related to the concept of “student,” while teachers started off with the children they taught, pre-service teachers talked about their own experiences since they are students.
Cost-Benefit Analysis of Palm Mill Oil Effluent Becomes Bio-CNG as HSD Fuel Substitution in West Kalimantan Province
Authors: Yoesgiantoro Donny , Fahrizki Johan , Supriyadi
Published: September 2021

Indonesia is the largest palm oil producer in the world and West Kalimantan Province is the second largest province in the palm oil industry with an area of 1.8 million hectares of plantation land. In palm oil processing at the plant, several types of waste are produced. One of them is liquid waste called Palm Mill Oil Effluent (POME). POME can be used as biogas with an Anaerobic Biological process. Biogas that has been purified and packaged in high pressure tubes is called Bio-CNG. Methane gas levels in Bio-CNG are 96-98% and CO² gas is 2-3%. The province of West Kalimantan has limited electricity infrastructure, so it relies a lot on diesel power plants (PLTD) to generate electricity. The installed capacity of PLN UIW West Kalimantan in 2019 is 211,713 KW with a PLTD capacity of 125,768 KW or 59% of the total installed capacity. The use of fossil energy sources cannot be sustained because Indonesia's oil production continues to decline and imports of fuel continue to increase. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the costs and benefits of POME into Bio-CNG as a substitute for HSD fuel in PLTD with the CBA (Cost Benefit Analysis) method. The result shows that the potential of POME energy into Bio-CNG in West Kalimantan Province meets the needs of PLTD PLN UIW West Kalimantan as a substitute for HSD fuel. In addition, based on the cost and benefit analysis that has been carried out on the Bio-CNG project obtained a greater value of benefits than the cost, so that the utilization of POME into Bio-CNG as a substitute for HSD fuel in PLTD is feasible to run.
ADAM6 expression associates with survival in triple negative breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: September 2021

We mined published microarray data (1) to understand the most significant gene expression differences in the tumors of triple negative breast cancer patients based on survival following treatment: dead or alive. We observed significant transcriptome-wide differential expression of ADAM metallopeptidase domain 6 (pseudogene), encoded by ADAM6 when comparing the primary tumors of triple negative breast cancer patients dead or alive. Importantly, ADAM6 expression was significantly correlated with recurrence-free survival in basal subtype breast cancer, a molecular subtype sharing significant overlap with triple negative breast cancer. ADAM6 may be of relevance as a biomarker or as a molecule of interest in understanding the etiology or progression of triple negative breast cancer.
Indeks Karakter Siswa: Jenjang Pendidikan Menangah 2020
Authors: Murtadlo Muhamad , Basri Husen Hasan , Alia Nur
Published: September 2021

Hasil survei karkater pada peserta didik jenjang pendidikan menengah 2020 menghasilkan Indeks Karakter Siswa tahun tersebut berada pada angka 71,41. Posisi ini lebih baik bila dibandingkan angka indikatif survei tahun sebelumnya. Survei karakter 2019 menunjukkan angka indikatif indeks karakter pada posisi (70,70). Survei kali ini menghasilkan Indeks Karakter Peserta Didik (IKPD) 2020 dengan perincian nilai masing-masing dimensi, meliputi dimensi religiusitas (73,25), dimensi nasionalisme (73,01), dimensi kemandirian (66,67), dimensi gotong royong (69,18) dan dimensi integritas (72,01).
The Critical Relationship Between Quarks and Quantum Chromodynamics.
Authors: Nayak Ayan
Published: September 2021

The objective of this abstract is to perform a systematic review of the critical relationship between quarks and quantum chromodynamics. The topic of this review abstract is the relationship between quarks and quantum chromodynamics. This relationship has been considered and still is considered one of the most groundbreaking connections in particle physics as it has allowed scientists to get a better view at “quarks”, an elementary particle with no substructure. Quantum Chromodynamics expresses and is the theory of strong interaction between quarks and gluons which are fundamental particles making up hadrons such as neutrons and protons. The theory plays a crucial part in the standard model of particle physics. The quantum field theory supporting quantum chromodynamics is a non-abelian gauge theory in which the lagrangian will not undergo change under local transformations. Quarks are one half of the base on which quantum chromodynamics is founded on. Quarks play a crucial role in the functioning of quantum chromodynamics as a whole and as such, affect other physical systems closely related to quantum chromodynamics such as strong interactions, weak interactions, and spin classification. Fully understanding the relation between Quarks and Quantum Chromodynamics will allow us to understand the true roles that quarks play in complex quantum systems.
A survey on the satisfaction of EFL learners towards Google machine translation (English to Persian, Persian to English) and its accuracy as perceived
Authors: Kokabpaik Sanaz , Mahdi
Published: September 2021

To investigate the satisfaction of EFL learners towards Google machine translation (English to Persian, Persian to English) and its accuracy as perceived, a questionnaire of twenty questions were designed. Descriptive method was used to find out; firstly, whether Google translator is successful in satisfying the EFL learners in translating different sorts of documents and whether there is a relationship between the age and the sex of users and their satisfaction towards the subject. Secondly, the perceived accuracy of Google machine translation was investigated in different areas of English to Persian and Persian to English, areas such as idioms, context and grammar .A five-point Likert Scale was used for rating the Google machine translation. Then, the researcher evaluated and described the findings through his observation of the answers of the participants to said questions and then after analyzing the “chi-square” assessment findings and charts using SPSS version 23, the researcher figured out that whether there is a relationship between the age and the sex of users and their satisfaction towards the Google machine translation (English to Persian, Persian to English), and some information about the perceived accuracy of Google machine translation were found.
Public Trust in Nonprofit Organizations (NPOs): Aggregation levels of NPO trust at stakeholder side and conceptual objects of trust at NPO side
Authors: Willems Jurgen
Published: September 2021

Public trust in nonprofit organizations (NPOs) is the extent that stakeholders consider nonprofit organizations reliable and truthful to what they do and communicate. Concretely, this means that stakeholders believe that nonprofits’ acts conform to their goals, including that these nonprofit organizations do not produce profit for personal and/or private gains (Hansmann, 1987). The public aspect of public trust in nonprofit organizations focuses on the aggregated trust perceptions – or shared cognition – from several relevant stakeholder groups, like beneficiaries, donors, funders, volunteers, employees, and collaboration partners, such as government agencies, businesses, and other nonprofit organizations. Hence, individual stakeholders can trust NPOs to a different extent, depending on various factors, such as their concrete stakeholder role towards the organization, earlier experiences, personal needs and preferences, and access to information about the nonprofit organization (Becker et al., 2020). The aggregated concept of public trust in nonprofits is the extent to which these individual trust perceptions are shared within larger stakeholder groups.
Cân nhắc về chi phí và nguồn lực trong thời đại mới: Tầm quan trọng của các mục tiêu “cộng hưởng”
Authors: Nguyen Minh-Hoang , Quang-Loc Nguyen
Published: September 2021

Khó khăn trong các thập kỷ tiếp theo không chỉ bó gọn trong vấn đề về kinh tế, môi trường, mà còn bao gồm cả các vấn đề liên quan đến y tế cộng đồng . Đặc biệt kể từ lúc đại dịch Covid-19 bùng phát, các chính phủ cần phải dành nhiều tài nguyên cho việc chống dịch và khôi phục nền kinh tế. Điều này tạo ra gánh nặng về nguồn lực và chi phí cực lớn cho các quốc gia trên thế giới, đặc biệt là với một nước đang trong quá trình công nghiệp hóa và hiện đại hóa như Việt Nam. Vì thế, đặt ra các mục tiêu cộng hưởng là rất cấp thiết ở thời điểm này để vừa cắt giảm chi phí mà vẫn đạt được các mục tiêu quốc gia về phát triển bền vững.
Restructuring the Civic Education Paradigm in Indian Schools: Measures to Cultivate a Generation of Responsible Citizens
Authors: Goyal Arya
Published: September 2021

Political science as a subject is integral to the development of sensible and patriotic citizens, yet it is not given the attention it deserves in the Indian education system. Solidified by the findings of field research conducted in five schools that cater to India’s middle-income bracket (the largest segment of the population), this research paper brings forth the reluctance of over 92% of the representative sample to undertake education in a discipline as important as political science- a distressing figure indeed. The sample involved random selection of students of grade 11 in the five schools mentioned herewith; qualitative research was obtained through anonymous questionnaires allowing a safe space for truthful responses, and quantitative data were obtained through access to the schools’ records pertaining to subject selection for grades 11-12. This paper will highlight some of the current deficiencies in the system, undertake a comparative study of how it stands vis-à-vis those of European countries, and arrive at recommendations to the National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT) and to the Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) on how to improve civic education among high school students in the country, eventually fostering a moral and capable Indian generation.
Good Scientific Practice in MEEG Research: Progress and Perspectives
Authors: Niso Guiomar , Krol Laurens R , Combrisson Etienne , Dubarry A.-Sophie , Elliott Madison A , François Clément , Héjja-Brichard Yseult , Herbst Sophie K , Jerbi Karim , Kovic Vanja , Lehongre Katia , Luck Steven J , Mercier  , Mosher John C , Pavlov Yuri G. , Puce Aina , Schettino Antonio , Daniele SCHON , Sinnott-Armstrong Walter , Somon Bertille , Šoškić Anđela , Styles Suzy J , Tibon Roni , Vilas Martina Gonzalez , van Vliet Marijn , Chaumon Maximilien
Published: September 2021

Good Scientific Practice (GSP) refers to both explicit and implicit rules or guidelines that help scientists to produce work that is of the highest quality at any given time, and to efficiently share that work with the community for further scrutiny or utilization. For experimental research using magneto- and electroencephalography (MEEG), GSP includes specific standards and guidelines for technical competence, which are periodically updated whenever new findings come to light. However, GSP also needs to be periodically revisited in a broader light. At the LiveMEEG 2020 conference, a reflection on GSP was fostered that included explicitly documented guidelines and technical advances, but also emphasised intangible GSP: a general awareness of personal, organisational, and societal realities and how they can influence MEEG research. This article provides an extensive report on most of the LiveMEEG contributions and new literature, with the additional aim to synthesize ongoing cultural changes in GSP. It first covers GSP with respect to cognitive biases and logical fallacies, pre-registration as a tool to avoid those and other early pitfalls, and a number of resources to enable collaborative and reproducible research as a general approach to minimize misconceptions. Second, GSP with respect to data acquisition, analysis, reporting, and sharing is discussed, including new tools and frameworks to support collaborative work. Finally, GSP is considered in light of ethical implications of MEEG research and the resulting responsibility that scientists have to engage with societal challenges. Considering among other things the benefits of peer review and open access at all stages, the need to coordinate larger international projects, the complexity of MEEG subject matter, and today's prioritization of fairness, privacy, and the environment, we find that current GSP tends to favour collective and cooperative work, for both scientific and for societal reasons.
Does Spending More on Healthcare Yields Higher Life Expectancy? A Case Study on Gulf Cooperation Council Countries
Authors: AlSaied Nouf S. , AlAli Musaed S.
Published: September 2021

This study aims to evaluate the nexus between economic factors and life expectancy in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries. Using the data of 115 countries for the year 2019, results revealed that only healthcare expenditure (HE) per capita showed statistically significant direct relation with life expectancy while GDP per capita and percentage of country GDP allocated to healthcare sector did not show any statistically significant effect. Based on panel OLS regression model used in this research, results showed that with the amount of money GCC countries spend on their healthcare systems, four out of the six GCC countries had a life expectancy that was lower than the estimated life expectancy by 3.28 years indicating inefficiency in their healthcare systems. The output also indicates that even though economic factors have an effect on life expectancy to a certain point, other factors such as the quality of the healthcare system staff, education, corruption, pollution, and other non-economic factors also affect life expectancy.
Determination of Psychological Counsellor Candidates’ Competency Levels and Educational Needs in terms of Therapeutic Conditions in the Process of Individual Counselling
Authors: Bek Hafız , Gülveren Hakan
Published: September 2021

The purpose of the present study is to enhance the quality of psychological counselling education by identifying needs and competencies in the field. The lack of specific studies on therapeutic conditions in psychological counseling education on a national scale has led us to conduct the current study. The study group consists of 20 students (12 female, 8 male) taking Individual Counselling course during spring term in 2019- 2020 academic year. According to the audio recordings, the participants were seen to be unable to behave at expected level under the title of concreteness of therapeutic conditions. In addition, they were observed not to provide necessary conditions under the title of transparency. However, it has been revealed that they managed to develop empathy. Moreover, they were seen to be unable to fulfill here and now principle at expected level. Finally, they were found to perform respect conditions.
Intentions vs. efficiency in folk evaluations of environmental policies
Authors: Marie Antoine , Trad Hugo , Strickland Brent
Published: September 2021

By consequentialist standards, what should mostly matter is how successful public policies aimed to reduce carbon emissions are at reaching their objective, relative to their cost. Yet, across 6 online studies (N = 2759), we found that lay participants’ judgments strongly deviated from consequentialism. They regarded an environmental policy driven by an altruistic intention but that turned out to reach its objective poorly at a huge cost as being more commendable than a policy motivated by selfishness but that dramatically helped the issue while saving lots of money (Experiments 1a-d, N = 854). Similar patterns of preference for an altruistic but low efficiency policy over a selfish but high efficiency policy were observed with judgments of support for the policy (Experiment 2, N = 854). This preference was observed whether the decision was made by a CEO or minister, and across four issues. Independent manipulation of intent and efficiency (Experiment 2) suggested that folk judgments of policies are characterized both by relatively low sensitivity to huge differences in efficiency (expressed in numerical format), and substantial sensitivity to actors’ intentions. Participants’ moral commitment to the issue predicted greater support for any policy version that somehow contributed to help the issue, whatever its level of efficiency and the intention driving it (Experiment 2). Finally, Experiment 3 (N = 800) found that subtle differences in how qualitatively (vs. numerically) the policy’s consequences are described can nudge participants towards greater attention to efficiency information, i.e., more consequentialist policy evaluations.
ACADL expression associates with survival in triple negative breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: September 2021

We mined published microarray data (1) to understand the most significant gene expression differences in the tumors of triple negative breast cancer patients based on survival at time of analysis: dead or alive. We observed significant transcriptome-wide differential expression of acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, long chain, encoded by ACADL when comparing the primary tumors of triple negative breast cancer patients dead or alive. Importantly, ACADL expression was significantly correlated with distant metastasis-free survival in basal subtype breast cancer, a molecular subtype sharing significant overlap with triple negative breast cancer. ACADL may be of relevance as a biomarker or as a molecule of interest in understanding the etiology or progression of triple negative breast cancer.
Deviations of the “Hubble Constant” Value and the increasing deviations of the “James Webb Space Telescope Constant” Value within a “Spherical Gravitational Indentation Originating from the Milky Way Galaxy” in a 4-dimensional Space-Time Continuum
Authors: Vegt Wim
Published: September 2021

The “Hubble Constant” Value and specially the deviations in the “Hubble Constant” Value are one of the most fundamental parameters in our universe to understand the fine-structure of our 4-dimensional Space-Time continuum. Recent measurements with the “HST” of the “Hubble Constant” and the measured deviations[Ref. 17] reveal fundamental information of the fine-structure of our 4-dimensional Space-Time continuum. The New Theory about the interaction between “Gravity and Light” offers an easy way to calculate the extra Gravitational “Blueshifts” when a Beam of Light (from a far away Galaxy) enters our “Milky Way Galaxy” and a second “Blueshift” when the Beam of Light enters the Gravitational Field around the Earth. And additional Gravitational Redshift has been created when a Beam of Light (from a far away Galaxy) leaves the Gravitational Field of the far away Galaxy. All these interactions between Gravity and Light disturbs the accuracy of the, by “HST” measured, “Hubble Constant” Value.With increasing accuracies the need increases of a “New Theory in Physics” to explain the measured anomalies in the “Hubble Constant” value. Because “General Relativity” is not enough anymore to solve the nowadays problems in physics and specially in astronomy. With increasing accuracies the anomalies in the “Hubble Constant” value only become clearer. To develop a “New Theory in Physics” fundamental corrections have to be made in 2 of the 4 foundations in Physics. Corrections have to be made in Maxwell’s Electrodynamics and Bohr’s Quantum Mechanics . A fundamental problem in the value of the “Hubble Constant” is that we measure with a very precisely instrument the “HST” which is looking a little bit with “crossed eyes”. Because the galaxies are not really there where “HST” measures it. The intensities are not really that value which the “HST” measures and therefore the distances are differently than the “HST measures and also the redshift is different than which the “HST measures. Because the “HST” has been designed for an Euclidean (linear) universe. And the universe is not Euclidean at all. Gravity is everywhere in the universe and for that reason the universe in not Euclidean. “GR” is not enough, it is not big enough to correct the values for the “HST”. The impact of the gravitational field around our “Milky Way Galaxy” on our “HST” measurements are nothing compared to the real enormously gigantic and intense gravitational fields in our Galaxy. With our vey accurate measurements we measure a non existing universe. The real “Non Euclidean” universe is very differently.
AES expression associates with survival in triple negative breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: September 2021

We mined published microarray data (1) to understand the most significant gene expression differences in the tumors of triple negative breast cancer patients based on survival following treatment: dead or alive. We observed significant transcriptome-wide differential expression of amino-terminal enhancer of split, encoded by AES when comparing the primary tumors of triple negative breast cancer patients dead or alive. Importantly, AES expression was significantly correlated with overall survival in basal subtype breast cancer, a molecular subtype sharing significant overlap with triple negative breast cancer, in patients whose tumors contained a mutation in p53. AES may be of relevance as a biomarker or as a molecule of interest in understanding the etiology or progression of triple negative breast cancer.
Data Reference Syntax (DRS) for bias-adjusted CMIP6 simulations
Authors: NOEL Thomas , Levavasseur Guillaume
Published: September 2021

This document specifies the Data Reference Syntax (DRS) elements for managing bias-adjusted CMIP6 simulation data. The document includes file naming conventions and metadata as NetCDF attributes. The DRS elements are allowed to either assume values defined by Controlled Vocabularies (CV), or free text, or free text with build rules.
Background Uncertainty Can Increase Risk Aversion in Decision Making
Authors: Leder Johannes , Lauer Thomas , Schütz Astrid , Gürerk Özgür
Published: September 2021

Here, we aim to investigate the effect of background uncertainty on decision making systematically. After reviewing the existing empirical studies, we argue that two types of uncertainty should be distinguished: a) ambiguity, i.e., uncertain outcomes without probability information, and b) risk, i.e., uncertainties involving probabilities regarding a negative outcome. We test the hypothesis that the type of uncertainty moderates the effect of background uncertainty on risk preferences. To test our hypothesis, we conducted four experimental studies. In this project we host all analyses scripts, data and linked preregistration of Study 3 and Study 4.
How working memory and reinforcement learning are intertwined: a cognitive, neural, and computational perspective
Authors: Yoo Aspen H. , Collins Anne
Published: September 2021

Reinforcement learning and working memory are two core processes of human cognition, and are often considered cognitively, neuroscientifically, and algorithmically distinct. Here, we show that the brain networks that support them actually overlap significantly, and that they are less distinct cognitive processes than often assumed. We review literature demonstrating the benefits of considering each process to explain properties of the other, and highlight recent work investigating their more complex interactions. We discuss how future research in both computational and cognitive sciences can benefit from one another, suggesting that a key missing piece for artificial agents to learn to behave with more human-like efficiency is taking working memory’s role in learning seriously. This review highlights the risks of neglecting the interplay between different processes when studying human behavior (in particular when considering individual differences). We emphasize the importance of investigating these dynamics in order to build a comprehensive understanding of human cognition.
Mapping varied mental representations: The case of representing illegalized immigrants
Authors: Martinez Joel Eduardo , Todorov Alexander
Published: September 2021

Average images are often estimated within a sample or theory-derived variables (e.g., conservatives vs. liberals) to understand how social categories are mentally represented. However, average representations can mask large internal heterogeneity, thereby missing unexpected or complex representational clustering. We propose an inverted data-driven approach that first clusters representations by similarity, then identifies variables that differentiate clusters. We apply this approach to characterize mental representations of illegalized immigrants. Representations were collected in Texas and California (N=1002) using face-based reverse correlation along with variables theorized to influence perceptions of immigrants: attitudes, demographics, ideologies, geography, and a label manipulation (i.e., “undocumented” vs “illegal” immigrant). Sample- and variable- aggregated images hid representational clusters that differed on visualized facial phenotype and affective expressions. Clustered representations ranged from highly shared to smaller clusters differentiated by demography and social geography: age and local population size perceptions. Data-driven approaches can help reveal meaningful variation in visual representations.
Community-embedded positive mental health promotion programs for the general population: A scoping review protocol
Authors: Heyland Lindsay , Langley Jodi , Kaser Alanna , Keddy Sophie , Hill Taylor
Published: September 2021

Objective: To chart the body of literature on Positive Mental Health Promotion (PMHP) programing and to document the current PMHP in one Canadian province to provide insight into the types, scope, and nature of the programs currently and historically available to community residents in this province. Introduction: Positive mental health promotion is an emerging field within community mental health. Programming and policy efforts devoted to promoting mental health are emerging. These efforts are varied in scope and nature, and there is little consensus or evidence based best practices, and alignment with the provincial mental health policy.Inclusion criteria: Peer-reviewed literature relevant to community mental health promotion, and grey literature that contains details of relevant programs accessible to the general community.Methods: A preliminary search strategy in PubMed, EBSCO, and PsychINFO was developed with a librarian and a JBI-trained researcher. Primary studies published after 2000 in English evaluating or documenting PMHPs, will be included. Grey literature from an environmental scan of existing local programs will be included. Data to be extracted includes, study methodology and methods, program scope, content, materials, evaluation and outcomes
The impact of digital media on children’s intelligence while controlling for genetic differences in cognition and socioeconomic background
Authors: Sauce Bruno , Liebherr Magnus , Judd Nicholas , Klingberg Torkel
Published: September 2021

Digital media defines modern childhood, but its cognitive effects are unclear and hotly debated. We estimated the impact of different types of screen time (watching, socializing, or gaming) on children’s intelligence while controlling for genetic differences in cognition and socioeconomic background. We analyzed 9855 children from the ABCD dataset with measures of intelligence at baseline (ages 9-10) and after two years. At baseline, time watching and socializing were negatively correlated with intelligence, while gaming had no correlation. After two years, gaming positively impacted intelligence, but socializing had no effect. This is consistent with cognitive benefits documented in experimental studies on video gaming. Unexpectedly, watching videos also benefited intelligence, contrary to prior research on the effect of watching TV. Broadly, our results are in line with research on the malleability of cognitive abilities from environmental factors, such as cognitive training and the Flynn effect.