bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Financial Leverage and Performance of Manufacturing Firms in Nigeria
Authors: Akinleye Gideon Tayo , Olanipekun Comfort Temidayo
Published: December 2024

This study investigated the influence of financial leverage on the financial performance of manufacturing firms in Nigeria. It specifically assess the effect of the Interest Coverage Ratio (ICR) on the Return on Assets (ROA) in manufacturing companies in Nigeria and also analyze the impact of the Debt Servicing Ratio (DSR) on the Return on Assets (ROA) in manufacturing companies in Nigeria from the period of from 2000 to 2023. The research targeted a population of 200 manufacturing firms, utilizing a sample size of 50 firms selected through stratified random sampling techniques

A quantitative research design was employed, focusing on secondary data collection methods. Data were sourced from the financial statements of the sampled manufacturing firms, the Central Bank of Nigeria, and the Nigerian Stock Exchange. Multiple regression techniques were applied to analyze the relationships between financial leverage and firm performance, particularly regarding profitability indicators such as ROE and operational metrics.

The findings revealed that the Interest Coverage Ratio (ICR) did not have a statistically significant effect on the Return on Assets (ROA) of manufacturing companies in Nigeria with a coefficient of 0.18 and a p-value of 0.52. This implies that, despite a company’s capacity to cover its interest payments, this financial capability does not directly contribute to higher profitability in terms of efficient asset utilization. Conversely, the Debt Servicing Ratio (DSR) exhibited a negative and statistically significant impact on ROA with a coefficient of -0.45 and a p-value of 0.03, indicating that higher DSR adversely affected profitability. The study highlighted a significant positive correlation between moderate levels of financial leverage and improved profitability, while excessive debt levels negatively impacted operational efficiency due to increased interest burdens.
Technology-Based Crimes in Malaysia: Issues and Challenges for Investigation Officers in Gathering Computer Evidence
Authors: Philip Bromeley
Published: December 2024

Technology advances faster than law and thus, the legislation must be broad enough in order to be able to embrace future technological development particularly in regard to the issues relating to gathering of evidence for trial. This paper discusses how the investigating officer (IO) gathers evidence from computers involving technology-based crimes committed both in the real world as well as the cyberspace, and whether it needs to be carried out within the scope of conventional legal framework of Evidence Act (EA) 1950, the Criminal Procedure Code (CPC) and Penal Code per se or there are other legal regimes that specifically allocate the right provisions for those crimes. This is to ensure that specific crime be charged under specific Act accordingly. There is the Computer Crimes Act 1997 (CCA 1997), with its main focus on the function of the device. For a device to fall under the definition of a computer, it must be capable of performing the functions of a computer. Other Acts include the Communications and Multimedia Act 1998 (CMA) and the Mutual Assistance in Criminal Matters Act 2002 (MACMA). With these Acts available, the key question addressed in this paper is, what are the real issues and challenges faced by IOs in gathering evidence especially for those crimes whose evidences are stored in computers, or cybercrimes for that matter. The paper concludes that for an IO to meet emergent issues and challenges, he needs to work within the scope of all those Acts to gather evidence in for any criminal prosecution involving computer/cybercrimes. In recent years, IO needs to understand how Artificial Intelligence (AI) works in the context of criminal investigations.
Practitioner Insights on Determinants of Procurement Contract Management and Constraints in Government Construction
Authors: Mwanaumo Erastus M , Mwale Chipo C , Mwanza Bupe GM , Chisumbe Sampa , Mwanaumo Ethel T
Published: December 2024

The study aimed to examine the effects of compliance and monitoring of performance of public sector construction projects, assess the effect of contract documentation and determine the technical capabilities and constraints faced by contractors on the performance of public sector construction projects. A quantitative correlational research design was adopted, and a research questionnaire was used for data collection. The study findings revealed compliance with the contractual terms by contractors, enhanced procurement contract management with a mean of 4.10 and standard deviation of 1.145. Further, 80.2% of the respondents agreed that failure to understand the contract document leads to mistakes in contract implementation, which causes unnecessary rework and increases project costs. Monitoring procurement contracts is important in project management because it helps the contractors to remain focused. These findings are supported by standard deviation between 1.072 and 1.197 which implies consensus among the respondents. The study concluded that compliance with contract terms and conditions as well as monitoring procurement contracts were metrics that on their own, could lead to a positive influence on contract management. These metrics must work conjunctively with other metrics for them to lead to a positive influence on project performance. Contract documentation and technical capabilities were seen to be impactful on project performance as they could lead to a positive change in contract management. The study recommends that the government emphasizes contract documentation and contract monitoring of projects and Contract Manager involvement at the initial stages of the project. The study is limited to public sector, therefore recommends that a similar study be conducted in private sector to establish outcomes in comparison to public sector experience.
CONFLITOS NA TRANSIÇÃO DA EDUCAÇÃO PARA O ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL
Authors: de Lopes de Lima Hamilton , Félix de Oliveira Sabrina , De Moura dos Anjos Portugal Tatiane , De Paiva Silva Keila Cristina
Published: December 2024

A transição da Educação Infantil para o Ensino Fundamental é um processo crucial no desenvolvimento educacional das crianças, marcado por desafios que envolvem aspectos pedagógicos, sociais e emocionais. Esse período de mudança, muitas vezes, gera conflitos que podem impactar negativamente a adaptação dos alunos e a continuidade de seu desenvolvimento. O objetivo deste estudo é analisar os principais conflitos enfrentados por crianças e educadores durante essa transição, identificando suas causas e propondo estratégias para facilitar a adaptação das crianças ao novo contexto escolar. A metodologia adotada foi bibliográfica, com levantamento e análise de obras acadêmicas, artigos científicos e documentos oficiais sobre o tema, focando principalmente em estudos que discutem a transição entre as etapas educacionais e as práticas pedagógicas recomendadas. A pesquisa conclui que a transição para o Ensino Fundamental apresenta desafios significativos, como a mudança no ritmo de ensino, a perda da estrutura lúdica da Educação Infantil e as diferentes expectativas em relação ao desempenho escolar. As estratégias que promovem uma maior articulação entre os profissionais das duas etapas, além de uma abordagem que respeite o desenvolvimento individual da criança, são essenciais para reduzir os conflitos e garantir uma transição mais tranquila e eficaz.
M. A. Yekta SARAÇ (2019), Klasik Edebiyat Bilgisi Belâgat ve Biçim-Ölçü-Kafiye
Authors: Rjoub Baha
Published: December 2024

Prof. Dr. M. A. Yekta Saraç, 1985 yılında İstanbul Üniversitesi Türk Dili ve Edebiyatı Bölümünden mezun olduktan sonra, aynı yıl Eski Türk Edebiyatı Ana Bilim Dalına araştırma görevlisi olarak atanmıştır. 1991 yılında doktor unvanını, 1994’te doçentlik unvanını ve 2000 yılında profesörlüğü kazanmıştır.
2005 yılında YÖK başkanlığına seçilen Saraç, bu görevde çeşitli dönemlerde bulunmuş, 2014 yılında YÖK Başkanlığına atanmıştır. 2021 yılında YÖK'teki görev süresi sona ermiş ve ardından Cumhurbaşkanı Başdanışmanı olmuştur. Ayrıca Yunus Emre Enstitüsü Mütevelli Heyeti, TÜBA üyeliği ve Türk-Japon Bilim ve Teknoloji Üniversitesi Konseyi gibi önemli kuruluşlarda görev almıştır.
Saraç, klasik Türk edebiyatı, metin şerhi ve belagat-retorik konularında uzmanlaşmış bir akademisyendir. Akademik kariyeri boyunca, eski Türk edebiyatına dair birçok önemli esere imza atmıştır. En bilinen çalışmaları arasında Klasik Edebiyat Bilgisi, Divan Şiirinden Seçmeler ve Osmanlı'nın Şiiri yer almaktadır. Bu eserler, özellikle Osmanlı şiir geleneği ve klasik edebiyatın temel kavramlarını detaylı bir şekilde ele almasıyla öne çıkmaktadır. Ayrıca, bu çalışmada tanıtılan Klasik Edebiyat Bilgisi: Belagat ve Biçim-Ölçü-Kafiye adlı eserin de yazarın en önemli eserlerinden biri olduğu belirtilmektedir.
Saraç’ın kaleme aldığı bu eser, Klasik Türk edebiyatı alanında çalışmalar yapan herkes için büyük bir öneme sahiptir. Türk Dil Kurumu tarafından 2019 yılında yayımlanan bu kitap, belagat, biçim, ölçü ve kafiye gibi konulara dair kapsamlı, açıklayıcı ve detaylı bir içerik sunmaktadır. Eser, klasik Türk edebiyatının temel unsurlarını derinlemesine incelemek isteyen araştırmacılar ve öğrenciler için önemli bir referans kaynağı olma niteliği taşımaktadır
Ethical Considerations in Neuroscience Nursing: Balancing Care and Decision Making
Authors: Devi Beena , Khanam Saphia
Published: December 2024

Neuroscience nursing, a specialised field dedicated to caring for patients with neurological conditions, often presents complex ethical dilemmas. This article explores the multifaceted ethical considerations in neuroscience nursing, emphasising the need to balance patient care and decision-making. Key issues include patient autonomy, informed consent, confidentiality, end-of-life care, and the nurse's role in advocating for patients. By examining these challenges and discussing best practices, this article aims to provide a comprehensive guide for neuroscience nurses to navigate ethical complexities while maintaining compassionate and competent care.
Comparison Between Supine Position Versus Prone Position in Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy
Authors: Imran Hyder  , Tariq
Published: December 2024

Objective: To compare and evaluate the efficacy and safety of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) performed in prone and supine positions.
Methodology:  This prospective randomized trial study was conducted at the Urology department of Nishtar Hospital Multan from January 2023 to December 2023. A total of 174 patients who underwent PCNL in either prone or supine positions were enrolled. Patients with stones larger than 2 centimeters or those who had failed shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) therapies Follow-up was completed by 174 patients, among whom 87 underwent prone PCNL (Group A) and 87 underwent supine PCNL(Group B),  with the surgical position determined by the surgeon's preference. Chi-square test was applied to check the significance of categorical variables and student t test was applied to check significance the difference between two means. One way ANOVA was applied to the significant difference between more than two means. p values below 0.05 was taken as significant. 
Results: The mean operative time of Group A (prone position) was greater than the Group B (supine position), 77.60±3.76 minutes and 71.61±13.58 minutes, respectively. Analgesia during procedure was given 42.5% to Group A (prone position) and 27.6% to Group B, (p=0.039). The mean length of hospital stay of Group A (prone position) was greater than the Group B, 62.00±3.72 hours and 51.62±10.41 hours, respectively. The presence of postoperative complications urinary leakage was 5.7% in Group A and 3.7% in group B, blood transfusion was 6.9 and 1.1 in Group A and group B, angioembolization was 4.6 and 0.0% in Group A  and group B, fever >990F was the most common complication, 12.6% in Group A and 17.2% in Group B. 
Conclusion: Both procedures have equal efficacy and safety as PCNL in supine position is associated with advantages of shorter operating time, less analgesia requirement and shorter hospital stay and prone position PCNL associated with better stone clearance rate and less complication of fever.
Use of Continuous Glucose Monitoring Sensors for Type 1 Diabetes Management and its Effect on Glycemic Control
Authors: Alia Zubair  , Sadia Israr  , Zuha Ali  , Wajiha Mahjabeen  , Shahida Mushtaq  , Nazia Siddiqui  , Sana Ajmal  , Hamid Shafiq
Published: December 2024

Objectives: To determine the frequency of use of Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) sensors in individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). To compare the levels of glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) between CGM users and non-users along with its association with demographics and other variables.  
Methodology: In this cross-sectional study, data was collected through non-probability convenience sampling, from all patients with TIDM (from June 2023 to November 2023) enrolled with Meethi Zindagi. After ethical permission, self-structured proforma was filled by patients and parents of patients <12 years having T1DM, under insulin therapy.  Participants were divided into Group 1 (CGM Users) and Group II (CGM non-users).  
Results: Out of the total 84 participants, 63% were CGM users. Among CGM users, 60% were male and 59% were children up to 12 years of age. The levels of HbA1C in CGM users were significantly lower compared to non-users. HbA1C levels have a strong negative correlation with the duration of using CGM and the frequency of scanning.
Conclusion:  Our data offers initial proof that CGM could serve as an effective instrument across patients of T1DM, to give better glycemic control. The more frequently the CGM sensor is scanned by the user better be glycemic outcomes. The promising role of CGM use for a longer duration helps in effective diabetes management.
Wypadki w gospodarstwach rolnych
Authors: Gaweł Wanda
Published: December 2024

Praca w gospodarstwie rolnym wiąże się z wieloma zagrożeniami, których następstwem
mogą być wypadki lub choroby zawodowe. Takie zdarzenia stanowią tragedię dla rodzin, a dla samego gospodarstwa często są stratą, której nie da się łatwo naprawić. Celem artykułu jest analiza przyczyn i okoliczności wypadków przy pracy w gospodarstwie rolnym. Wypadek przy pracy rolniczej musi spełniać jednocześnie trzy warunki: być nagły, mieć przyczynę zewnętrzną oraz być związany z wykonywaną pracą rolniczą. Brak choćby jednej z tych przesłanek powoduje, że zdarzenie nie będzie mogło być uznane za wypadek przy pracy rolniczej. W artykule podjęto również temat pracy koniecznej, wykonywanej podczas zwolnienia lekarskiego, w trakcie której rolnik może ulec wypadkowi. Omówiono także najczęstsze przyczyny odmowy wypłaty jednorazowego odszkodowania w związku z wypadkiem podczas pracy w gospodarstwie rolnym. Celem działań prewencyjnych Kasy Rolniczego Ubezpieczenia Społecznego (KRUS,
Kasa) jest zmniejszenie liczby wypadków przy pracy rolniczej i minimalizowanie zagrożeń, które mogą prowadzić do takich zdarzeń. Artykuł przedstawia analizę wypadków w gospodarstwie rolnym, metody zapobiegania wypadkom oraz zasady zapewniania bezpieczeństwa podczas pracy. Zwraca także uwagę na główne przyczyny zdarzeń wypadkowych z poszczególnych grup.
W artykule wykorzystano analizę przypadków jako metodę badawczą.
Zarządzanie zmianą na obszarach wiejskich w świetle dokumentów programowych i sprawozdawczych oraz wyników badań
Authors: Jędrzejczyk Irena
Published: December 2024

Zarządzanie zmianą, jako kluczowa kategoria naukowa, w niniejszym artykule odnosi
się do teorii rozwoju regionalnego oraz wieloszczeblowości wdrażania polityki rozwoju
regionalnego. Proces zarządzania zmianą na obszarach wiejskich w Polsce przynosi efekty, których identyfikacja i ocena są rozbieżne. W dyskusji publicznej, dokumentach programowych, raportach oraz literaturze przedmiotu pojawiają się zarówno bardzo pozytywne oceny, jak i skrajnie negatywne diagnozy sytuacji na wsi oraz w polskim rolnictwie.
Celem artykułu jest analiza opinii na temat zmian zachodzących na polskich obszarach
wiejskich oraz ocena efektów tych zmian, wyrażanych w różnych dokumentach programowych, raportach, opracowaniach statystycznych i literaturze przedmiotu. Problemem do rozwiązania na gruncie poznawczym jest brak ujednoliconych kryteriów oceny zmian zachodzących na obszarach wiejskich, których zestaw oddawałby bardziej zobiektywizowany obraz wsi i wierniej odzwierciedlałby mechanizm zarządzania zmianami. W opracowaniu zastosowano metodę desk research. Wykorzystano informacje już zebrane i przetworzone przez innych badaczy oraz autorów dokumentów, w tym powstałych na potrzeby polityki rozwoju regionalnego. Przeprowadzona analiza przyniosła odpowiedź na podstawowe pytanie o podobieństwa i różnice w ocenie zmian na obszarach wiejskich i w ocenie efektów tych zmian. Na podstawie wyników analizy nie powstał jeden zestaw charakterystyk obiektywnego obrazu wsi polskiej. Jak wynika z przeglądu ocen, obraz ten ewoluuje od sielskiej wiejskości, przez nadmiernie optymistyczne prognozy wzrostu zamożności dzięki wsparciu funduszy
Unii Europejskiej, aż po obraz obszarów wiejskich zagrożonych trwałą marginalizacją oraz poważnym zadłużeniem gmin wiejskich i miejsko-wiejskich w Polsce.
Niektóre obszary wiejskie, a nawet ich większa część, sklasyfikowane jako zagrożone
marginalizacją lub trwale zagrożone marginalizacją, w wyniku utraty swoich funkcji obniżają także swój potencjał rozwojowy i zwiększają dystans rozwojowy w stosunku do innych obszarów. Zasadne jest kontynuowanie badań na podstawie kolejnych źródeł dostępnych informacji oraz prowadzenie polemiki z zawartymi w nich ocenami.
Denizcilik endüstrisinde gemi insanlarının çalışma ilişkileri: 2020 sonrası güncel ve konvansiyonel sorunlar
Authors: Muslu Aziz
Published: December 2024

Denizcilik endüstrisindeki yaşanan gelişmeler, özellikle 2020 yılı sonrasında, gemi insanlarının çalışma koşulları ve emek piyasaları üzerinde önemli etkiler yaratmıştır. Pandemi krizi, uluslararası uçuşların durması, liman devletlerinin aldığı önlemler ve uygulamaları nedeniyle gemi insanları, denizcilik sektöründe çeşitli zorluklarla karşılaşmışlardır. Bu süreçte, farklı ülkelerde gemi insanları için ortaya çıkan avantajlar ve dezavantajlar, pandeminin etkisiyle değişmiştir. Ancak sorunlar pandeminin sona ermesi ve yasakların bitmesiyle sona ermemiştir. Suriye'deki iç savaşın devamı, Evergreen gemisinin Süveyş Kanalı'nda karaya oturması, Rusya-Ukrayna savaşının başlaması, Ortadoğu'daki belirsizlikler ve Kızıl Deniz'deki ticari gemilere yönelik saldırılar gibi olaylar da deniz ticaretini etkilemiştir. Bu gelişmeler, gemi insanlarının emek piyasalarını ve çalışma ilişkileri ile doğrudan ilişkilidir. Türkiye özelinde, gemi insanlarının karşılaştığı sorunlar geniş bir yelpazede bulunmaktadır. Denizde çalışma ilişkilerinin sağlıklı şekilde işlemesi küresel tedarik zincirinin aksamaması için oldukça önemlidir. Deniz kazaları sonucu geri dönüşü olmayan çevre felaketleri yaşanabilmektedir. Küresel tedarik zincirinin anahtar çalışanları olan gemi insanlarının çalışma ilişkileri ve yönetimi önemli meseleler ile karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Bu doğrultuda gemi insanlarının çalışma ilişkilerine yönelik sorunların detaylı bir şekilde tespit edilmesi ve değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Sorunların tespitine yönelik gemi insanları ve temsilcileri ile nitel araştırma yöntemi olarak odak grup görüşmesi yapılmıştır. Çalışma ilişkileri, yönetim ve sosyal haklar üzerindeki güncel ve konvansiyonel sorunlar odak grup görüşmesi ve alan yazını ile tartışılmaktadır. Ayrıca, deniz emek piyasalarındaki ikincil arz-talep verileri kullanılarak küresel emek piyasaları değerlendirilmiştir. Türkiye'deki gemi insanı emek piyasaları ve çalışma ilişkileri güncel gelişmeler bağlamında derinlemesine incelenerek, sektördeki değişimler ve eğilimler ile ortaya konmaktadır
A produção científica brasileira sobre hedge de preços agropecuários: um estudo bibliométrico
Authors: Oliveira Neto Odilon José de , Barbosa Josilene da Silva
Published: December 2024

Mesmo diante da relevância da investigação sobre o tema gestão do risco de preços agropecuários a partir do uso das operações de hedge em mercados futuros, foi verificada uma carência de informações sobre a produção científica brasileira nesse campo, incluindo-se: o impacto, a evolução, a produtividade, a visibilidade e a relevância dos estudos, sendo esse um fato que motivou a realização desta pesquisa. Assim sendo, o presente estudo objetivou descrever e analisar os indicadores bibliométricos da produção científica brasileira sobre “hedge de preços agropecuários” disponíveis em periódicos com acesso livre online. O estudo foi realizado em consonância com as Leis bibliométricas de Bradford (1934), de Lotka (1926) e de Zipf (1949) e abarcou os artigos publicados em periódicos científicos com acesso livre dos últimos 25 anos disponíveis de forma online nos portais da CAPES e Google Acadêmico. Os resultados contribuíram com informações importantes quanto à evolução, impacto, produtividade, visibilidade e relevância da produção científica brasileira sobre “hedge de preços agropecuários” e, também, apontou a maior disposição para a realização de estudos abrangendo maior diversidade de produtos agrícolas e pecuários.
Gas Level Detection and Automatic Gas Booking System
Authors: Atul Pawar  , Ketan Bhagwat  , Om Malunjkar  , Komal Bhagwat  , Komal Ghotekar
Published: December 2024

In general, LPG gas is used in our homes most of the time, and using it has become a basic need for everyone. It is dangerous to breathe in areas where there is a chance of losing our lives because gas leaks have been observed in the past and continue to this day, causing multiple accidents. If the gas leak's level rises, it may explode. Gas leaks must be found and prevented, if necessary, in order to prevent such losses. The only way to detect gas leaks is to continuously monitor the atmosphere, which is only possible artificially. How In an effort to reduce the conditions that lead to gas leaks, our It's also critical to keep an eye on the pressure inside the large gas containers holding dangerous gasses to prevent them from bursting and causing an unexpected gas leak. The system is an Internet of Things application running in the cloud that processes sensor data and makes appropriate decisions. This problem has a number of suggested remedies, but none of them have shown to be effective. The goal of this IOT project is to detect leaks and notify individuals, hence reducing the number of gas leak events. The gas sensor MQ2 finds the gas leak coming from the cylinder. The MQ-2 can detect alcohol, smoke, propane, H2, LPG, CH4, and CO. It is connected to the Node MCU (ESP8266), which is configured to deliver the message straight to the user's smartphone via the cloud. For short work suggests a system for detecting leaks in buildings and homes
Smart Waste Segregation
Authors: Prajna  , Manasa B S  , Nithesha  , Pattadi Venkataiyya  , Dr. Ganesh V N
Published: December 2024

The waste is leading to a lot of environmental problems. The main reason for Increase in waste is increase in population. In most of the cases the waste segregation is unplanned. And the segregation of waste is very difficult to a human to manage. When the wastes are directly dumped to the landfills it will cause pollution, it will cause generation of leachates and fungus. The waste is segregated into main basic streams dry wastes, wet wastes, metal wastes. The main objectives are to reduce the occupational hazardous to the workers. To reduce the time of workers in segregation of waste which makes the work easy. In future the population increases, the villages changes into large cities. Such will need some more advanced services and requirement. The sustainability segregation of waste will provide the sustainability. This development also reduce the work of workers who work in segregating the waste. Paper, plastic, metal, non-metal, and uncategorizable wastes are among the categories into which it guarantees precise trash sorting.
Telehealth Occupation-Based Coaching for Rural Parents of Children With Type 1 Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Jewell Vanessa D. , Russell Marion , Shin Julia , Qi Yongyue , Abbott Amy A. , Knezevich Emily
Published: December 2024

Importance: Because of the complexity of their child’s diabetes management, parents often assume all care duties and report needing additional assistance to resume family routines.

Objective: To examine the preliminary efficacy of a telehealth occupation-based coaching intervention for rural parents of a child living with Type 1 diabetes (T1D) to improve child glycemic levels, family quality of life, and parental self-efficacy.

Design: Double-blinded, two-arm, pilot randomized controlled trial.

Setting: Telehealth video conferencing at home.

Participants: 16 dyads of rural parents and children ages 2 to 12 yr diagnosed with T1D.

Intervention: Occupation-based coaching delivered through telehealth sessions, once weekly for 12 wk, informed by community partners.

Outcomes and Measures: Child measures: hemoglobin A1c and glucose time in range. Family measures: Parenting Sense of Competence, World Health Organization Quality of Life Brief Questionnaire, Goal Attainment Scale, Evidence of Independent Capacity Rating Scale (EICRS), and caregiver talk.

Results: Families in the intervention group were more likely to achieve family-centered participation goals (p = .006) than those in the controlled group. Caregiver talk increased significantly over the 12-wk period (p = .034), and the average rating on the EICRS also improved significantly (p < .001). There were no statistically significant changes in glycemic levels or family quality of life.

Conclusions and Relevance: OBC may be more efficacious in helping families to improve health management routines after a child’s diagnosis with T1D than usual endocrinology care alone. Most child health outcomes were in target range at the start of the study; therefore, it was not expected to see significant improvements.

Plain-Language Summary: Occupational therapy is an untapped resource in the provision of care for children with Type 1 diabetes (T1D). Occupational therapy practitioners can also provide families with evidence-based support to address the self-management skills of children with this chronic condition. This clinical trial examined the preliminary efficacy of a new 12-wk telehealth occupational therapy intervention for rural families with a child living with T1D to improve caregiver diabetes management skills, family participation, and child health. Families who received occupational therapy services were more likely to improve their family participation in meaningful activities and diabetes self-efficacy; however, there were no differences in the child’s health outcomes or the family’s quality of life.
Challenges and future perspectives of sustainable supplements, functional foods, and nutrigenomics in athletic performance
Authors: Naselli Flores , Cardinale Paola Sofia , Vasto Sonya , Proia Patrizia , Baldassano Sara , Caradonna Fabio
Published: December 2024

Nutrition plays a key role in the lives of athletes, sustaining and enhancing sports performance by significantly influencing their performance and general well-being. Functional foods, rich in bioactive compounds and essential nutrients, offer significant advantages for general health and athletic performance. This review addresses the benefits of sustainable, functional foods for health and sporting needs and the strategies to improve sustainability in the food sector. It will explore the connection between sustainable nutrition, nutrigenomics, and sporting needs. Sustainable food offers several advantages over traditional supplements. Thus, it is essential to educate consumers about the environmental impact of conventional supplement production and the benefits of sustainable options. The necessary approach must be integrated into food production, distribution, and consumption to meet current nutritional needs. Incorporating sustainability into supplement production and using functional foods to formulate supplements will be explored to point out the advantages of sustainable foods over traditional supplements. This review underscores the importance of public awareness and education in adopting sustainable eating habits, utilizing what nature offers more consciously, and implementing these principles in daily life. The importance of food sustainability is underscored by its impact on climate change and global health, as food production contributes significantly to greenhouse gas emissions. Addressing this involves improving diet quality while reducing the environmental footprint of food production. Through these efforts, functional foods can serve as a key component in achieving sustainable sports supplementation, benefiting individuals and the planet.
Effectiveness of cupping therapy for musculoskeletal pain: an umbrella review
Authors: ElMeligie Mohamed Magdy , Yehia Amr M. , Mohamed Mahmoud Hamada , Mahmoud Manna , AlKholui Mohamed N. , Mohamed Ghada I.
Published: December 2024

Purpose

This umbrella review aimed to review and synthesise the findings of published systematic reviews and meta-analyses analysing the effects of cupping therapy programs on musculoskeletal pain in athletes and the general population.

Methods

A search in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, MEDLINE, Cochrane Central, CINAHL, EMBASE, and PEDro was performed. The methodological quality of the included systematic reviews was evaluated using the 16 domains of the AMSTAR2 checklist. Based on the performance in these 16 domains of different weights, an overall rating was generated, and the quality was determined to be critically low (1–4), low (5–8), moderate (9–12), or high (13–16). The overall confidence in the results of the reviews was low. Among the critical items, all reviews failed to present a list of excluded trials, four reviews did not consider the risk of bias when presenting or discussing their results, three reviews did not use adequate methods for the meta-analysis, the impact of publication bias was not investigated in three reviews, and the absence of a planned protocol to guide the review was noted in two reviews. Most reviews included trials of low quality (i.e., high risk of bias).

Results

A total of 301 studies involving 27,960 participants were analysed in 21 systematic reviews. The review confirmed that cupping therapy is more effective than passive interventions such as heat therapy, usual care, conventional medications, and no treatment. However, its effectiveness is similar to acupuncture. There is not enough evidence to recommend cupping therapy for athletes, and there are associated risks such as hematoma, pain at the application site, increased pain, tingling sensations, and dizziness.

Conclusions

Considering the standards, this umbrella review showed that most systematic reviews and meta-analyses using cupping therapy for musculoskeletal pain present low methodological quality. Most of the systematic reviews in this umbrella revealed that cupping therapy is ineffective in improving musculoskeletal pain in the athletic and general populations.
Acute effects of a dog sport on fitness parameters in young adults: a randomised controlled crossover study
Authors: Giustino Valerio , Leale Ignazio , Cicero Luca , Petrigna Luca , Lo Nigro Monica , Fontana Veronica , Mignosi Elena , Cataldo Pietro , Macaluso Antonio , Gómez-López Manuel , Cassata Giovanni , Battaglia Giuseppe
Published: December 2024

Purpose

Previous studies have shown that dog walking could be an effective strategy for increasing physical activity (PA). However, no studies have investigated the impact of dog sports on fitness parameters. This pilot study aimed (a) to evaluate the acute effects of a dog agility course on fitness parameters in young adults and (b) to determine any acute differences after the execution of the dog agility course with and without the dog.

Methods

In this randomised crossover study, ten physically active young women performed a dog agility course in two different conditions (i.e., with and without the dog). Fitness parameters were recorded using a smartwatch before the dog agility course (T0), immediately after (T1), and 10 minutes after the cool-down phase (T2). Moreover, the subjective level of perceived exertion during exercise was assessed using the Borg category-ratio scale (Borg CR-10).

Results

Results showed significant differences in the number of steps (p = 0.011), walking time (p = 0.006), average heart rate (HR) (p = 0.004), maximum HR (p = 0.003), and perceived exertion (p = 0.007) between the two conditions at T1. Furthermore, significant differences were found for both the average HR and the perceived exertion parameters for both conditions in the three time points (T0, T1, T2).

Conclusions

Our preliminary results suggest that practising a dog sport could be as effective as other sports and induce several health benefits.
Effects of Different Post Warm-Up Strategies
for Non-Starter Players in Futsal
Authors: Silva Nuno Filipe Dias , Travassos Bruno , Gonsalves Bruno , Nakamura Fábio Yuzo , Abade Eduardo
Published: December 2024

Futsal warm-ups are crucial pre-match routines designed to enhance players’ readiness. However, non-starter players inevitably face longer periods of inactivity. This study aimed to investigate the effects of various post warm-up strategies on physical performance of non-starter players in futsal. Thirteen highly trained male futsal players participated in this study during the in-season period. All players performed three distinct post warm-up strategies over consecutive days: REST, dynamic stretching (DYS), and a combination of plyometrics with change of direction drills (PLY-COD). After performing a standard warm-up, players remained inactive for 10 min, mirroring the traditional time window leading up to the start of the match. Subsequently, post warm-up strategies were implemented. Testing included a countermovement-jump, a reactive strength index, 5- and 10-m sprints, and a 505 COD test. Players were tested 10 min after the conclusion of the warm-up and immediately after the post warm-up strategy. The PLY-COD strategy yielded positive effects across all variables. Running performance improved with small to moderate effect in both sprint (−2.2 ± 1.9%), (−1.6 ± 1.7%), and COD (−2.9 ± 3.5%) tests. Conversely, both DYS and REST strategies had a detrimental impact on running and jumping performances, with this impairment being more pronounced in running following REST strategy, particularly in the 10-m linear sprint (1.4 ± 1.7%). These results suggest that remaining inactive or exerting limited effort after a warm-up may be detrimental to physical performance of futsal non-starter players. On the other hand, PLY-COD drills could be effective strategies to maintain or even enhance physical performance following the warm-up.
A Weekly Session of Jumping Interval Training Effectively Enhances Aerobic, Anaerobic, and Jumping Performance
in Aerobic Gymnastics
Authors: Ma Dong , Wang Ke , Silva Rui Miguel , Xu Qi , Zhao Zijian
Published: December 2024

This study aimed to compare the impact of varying weekly frequencies of jumping interval training (JIT) on aerobic and anaerobic fitness, as well as jumping abilities of youth female athletes specialized in aerobic gymnastics. A randomized controlled study design was conducted spanning 8-week duration, involving 69 youth female athletes (16.3 ± 1.2 years) specialized in aerobic gymnastics. Participants were allocated into two experimental groups: JITw1 (comprising individuals subjected to JIT once a week), and JITw2 (encompassing individuals undergoing JIT twice a week), alongside a control group. Prior to and post the intervention period, athletes underwent evaluations of their performance through the countermovement jump test (CMJ), a specialized anaerobic assessment personalized for aerobic gymnasts (SAGAT), and a 20-m multistage fitness test. A mixed ANOVA was conducted for statistical analysis. Significant time (baseline and post-intervention) x group (JITw1, JITw2 and control) interactions were found in the SAGAT (p < 0.001), the CMJ (p < 0.001) and the 20-m multistage fitness test (p < 0.001). Post-intervention analysis revealed significantly lower scores in the SAGAT for the control group compared to the JITw2 group (p = 0.003). Significantly higher scores were observed for the JITw2 group in the CMJ test compared to the control group (p = 0.001). Significantly lower scores in the 20-m multistage fitness test were found in the control group compared to the JITw2 and JITw1 groups (both p < 0.001). As conclusion, while additional JIT training once a week may suit for minimal effective training and positive adaptations, training twice a week is advisable when significant improvements are desired.
VO2FITTING Software: New Insights and Practical Applications (VO2FITTING Software Update)
Authors: Monteiro Ana Sofia Mottini , Azevedo Rui M. S. , Zacca Rodrigo , Ogonowska-Słodownik Anna , Buzzachera Cosme F. , Vilas-Boas João Paulo , Fernandes Ricardo J
Published: December 2024

This study aimed to present an updated version of VO2FITTING software, where it is possible to dynamically edit, process, filter and model O2 post-exercise data and to characterize the O2 on/off symmetry along different exercise intensity domains. Validation datasets were developed and applied to four widely used models for describing low, moderate, heavy and severe intensity transitions. Perfect fits were observed and parameter estimates perfectly matched the known inputted values for all available models (standard error = 0; p < 0.001). In addition, an experiment with 10 trained swimmers performing a 5 x 200 m front crawl protocol (with 0.05 m·s−1 velocity step increments and 3-min passive rest intervals) was conducted. The on- and off-transient phases were symmetrical in their shape since they were both adequately fitted by a mono-exponential regression model and no slow component was observed independently of the intensity domain. Furthermore, the mono-exponential model without time delay best fitted the O2 off-transient data. The mean time constant of the on-transient period value was lower than the respective off-transient for all the intensities (15.8 ± 11.4 vs. 30.8 ± 10.4, 11.3 ± 2.3 vs. 29.7 ± 8.4, 13.9 ± 7.0 vs. 28.7 ± 10.8 and 10.3 ± 4.6 vs. 37.0 ± 9.2 s; p < 0.05). VO2FITTING is valid, free and open-source software for characterizing O2 kinetics during both the exercise and recovery periods, helping researchers to give rapid feedback also about the off-transient kinetic parameters.
The Impact of Socio-Political Crises on the Resilience of Critical Actors - A Case Study of “Bosnia and Herzegovina”
Authors: Garaplija Edin
Published: December 2024

Bosnia and Herzegovina is a country rich in natural resources and geo-strategically positioned in the heartland of the Balkans, which through its turbulent and inspiring history was the desired goal of various conquering empires. From the ancient Romans, through the Ottomans, Austro-Hungarians, Germans and all the way to the closest neighbours. On that difficult path of building a thousand-year statehood, it was affected by various socio-political crises that left a mark and, as a rule, slowed down its economic growth and self-sustainability of both the socio-political system and the general state of security of its critical subjects and infrastructures. In its different stages of statehood and statehood, Bosnia and Herzegovina faced different types of threats, from passive to active resistance, from frequent riots to open wars and opposition to invaders and usurpers of its territory and its wealth. Looking at our history, we learn from our ancestors, preparing based on their experience for the modern challenges of today. It is of great importance for scientists, researchers and practitioners to apply analytical - synthetic and general - social methods of data collection, in order to properly set themselves according to the definition of research problems and objectives, and to determine the methodology that will lead to effective and applicable solutions satisfying social and scientific objectives. Analysing the problem of determining and organizing the area of protection of critical subjects and infrastructures, we cannot help but notice one of the biggest threats to the vital lifeblood of the Bosnian society, namely its complex socio-political organization and the influence it generates as such on all segments of sustainability and security. This work contributes to the development and strengthening of the preventive security awareness of all those who in the future will deal with strengthening the capacity to protect critical entities in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Genocid
Authors: Teskredžić Sadmir
Published: December 2024

Zločin nad zločinima, kako se često referira na zločin genocida, kao najteži oblik zločina poznat čovjeku, česta je tema rasprava u međunarodnim krugovima (naučnim, političkim, diplomatskim) i to, mahom najviše, strana koje imaju neki subjektivni odnos ili vezu sa stranom koja je formalno ili neformalno optužena ili okrivljena za navedeni zločin. Rasprave se bave tumačenjem materijalne strane, odnosno bića krivičnog djela genocida, ali i procesnom stranom u odnosu na stvarne događaje koji imaju karakter genocida i koji su imali svoj sudski epilog, bilo na međunarodnim ili sudovima pojedinih država.
U procesnom smislu, obzirom da je postupak suđenja javan, argumentacija završava na špekulacijama i pokušajima diskreditacije međunarodnih sudova u političkom smislu i neargumentovanim tvrdnjama da genocid nije dokazan, uprkos pravosnažnim sudskim presudama i enormnoj dokaznoj građi koja je potpuno dostupna široj javnosti.
Sa materijalnog aspekta, rasprave se kreću u smjeru elemenata bića krivičnog djela genocida, kroz prizmu pojedinog slučaja, a u cilju isključenja jednog ili više elemenata kako bi se dokazalo nepostojanje, ili barem dovelo u pitanje postojanje, krivičnog djela genocida. Namjera, kao jedan od dva elementa umišljaja, (drugi jeste svijest) koji je bitan element bića krivičnog djela genocida, jeste predmetom ovakvih rasprava.
Pojedine rasprave sadrže brojne navode koji zaslužuju osvrt, ali usljed ograničenosti prostora te imajući u vidu prirodu i svrhu ovog rada, nismo u mogućnosti adresirati se svim njima.
Bez želje da ukazujemo na eventualnu tendencioznost ovakvih rasprava, obzirom da uključuju genocid izvršen u Bosni i Hercegovini tokom oružanog sukoba 1992-1995, ovim radom ćemo analizirati dvije zanimljive tvrdnje, prvu - da je namjera presudan element za postojanje krivičnog djela – zločina genocida, te drugu – da za dokazivanje genocida nije dovoljno da su žrtve pripadnici jedne određene grupe, sa posebnim akcentom na kontekst krivičnog zakonodavstva Srbije i međunarodnog prava.
The Future of Finance is Intelligent: Exploring the Positive Impact of AI Education on Efficiency, Innovation, and Profitability in the Financial Sector
Authors: Ogabu Jesse
Published: December 2024

Background: The financial services sector is experiencing a revolutionary transformation driven by artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) technologies. While technological advancement is crucial, the success of this transformation fundamentally depends on effective AI education and workforce development. Understanding the relationship between AI education and financial sector performance is critical for sustainable digital transformation.

Objective: This study examines how strategic investment in AI education and training programs directly contributes to improved operational efficiency, accelerated innovation, and enhanced profitability in financial institutions. Specifically, it investigates the impact of comprehensive AI education programs on implementation success rates, innovation capabilities, and financial returns.

Method: The study employs a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative analysis of performance data from financial institutions with qualitative case studies of successful AI education programs. Data was collected from institutions that have implemented comprehensive AI education initiatives, analyzing outcomes across efficiency, innovation, and profitability metrics.

Results: Organizations investing more than 5% of their technology budget in AI-related education achieve 40% higher efficiency gains and 35% greater profitability improvements compared to those focusing solely on technology deployment. Institutions with established AI training frameworks report 60% faster deployment of new AI solutions and 45% higher success rates in AI implementation projects. Furthermore, these institutions launch 2.5 times more AI-driven products and services annually compared to peers without structured AI education programs.

Conclusion: Investment in comprehensive AI education programs is crucial for successful digital transformation in financial services. Organizations that prioritize AI education alongside technological investment achieve significantly better outcomes across operational efficiency, innovation capability, and financial performance metrics.

Unique Contribution: This research provides empirical evidence linking AI education investment to specific performance improvements in financial institutions, offering concrete metrics for evaluating the returns on educational investment in the context of digital transformation.

Key Recommendation: Financial institutions should establish comprehensive AI education programs that combine technical training with practical application, allocating at least 5% of their technology budget to educational initiatives. These programs should span all organizational levels, from basic AI literacy for general staff to advanced technical training for specialists.
Optimizing Digital-Based Measuring Tools in Evaluation of Balinese Language Learning at SMP Negeri 11 Denpasar
Authors: Ni Putu Diana Sari  , Ida Bagus Putrayasa
Published: December 2024

This study aims to describe the efficiency and relevance of optimizing the effectiveness of digital-based assessment tools for evaluating Balinese language learning at SMP Negeri 11 Denpasar. This issue arises from the fact that teachers at SMP Negeri 11 Denpasar have not yet utilized digital-based assessment tools optimally. This is reflected in the Balinese language learning evaluation activities, where teachers tend to rely on conventional assessment tools or are limited to using a single digital tool, such as Google Forms, which affects students' learning outcomes. The implementation of this study is based on the use of a method as an operational foundation. Accordingly, the study addresses (1) research design, (2) types of research data, (3) data collection methods, and (4) data analysis methods. The results indicate that efficiency includes ease of implementation in evaluation processes. Meanwhile, relevance involves the capability of digital assessment tools to provide evaluations aligned with the needs of the learning process.