bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Accounting in a single information space of the enterprise
Authors: Skrypnyk Svitlana , Shepel Inesa , Holovchak Hanna
Published: May 2021

Purpose. The aim of the article is to study of accounting as an information system of enterprises for effective management decisions.

Methodology of research. The study used general and special methods of cognition, in particular: methods of theoretical generalization and comparative analysis – for the analysis of relevant scientific literature; system approach, methods of analysis and synthesis – to substantiate the methodology of research of the accounting information system; generalization – in the study of current rules and regulations on the regulation of accounting, methods of reflecting its results and features of accounting processes in the enterprise; abstract and logical – in the generalization of theoretical positions and the formation of conclusions and proposals.

Findings. The importance of disclosing the development and knowledge of accounting information and the impact it has on decision-making in small and medium-sized enterprises, as well as micro-enterprises, has been identified. It is established that the general economic development of the country requires adequate information, reliable and important for economic decisions from investors, managers, state administrators, etc. It is concluded that high-quality and reliable financial information is a key element in the decision-making process, in particular the availability of such information is of particular importance for business management and is generally in the public interest.

Originality. The main factors of the influence of information support on the accounting of small enterprises are substantiated and revealed. The peculiarities of the practice of accounting systems that can be considered appropriate for small and medium enterprises in accordance with their specific circumstances and needs. It is suggested that an important factor influencing the construction of accounting in small business is the diversity of accounting systems.

Practical value. The obtained results of the research allow to deepen the theoretical foundations and develop practical recommendations for improving the information support of accounting in small businesses, as well as to apply them for further research.

Key words: small and medium enterprises, accounting, information, information system, financial reporting, decision making.
Theoretical bases of implementation of customs procedures at movement of cargoes in containers
Authors: Korobkova Olena
Published: May 2021

Purpose. The aim of the article is the theoretical substantiation of expediency of obligatory formation and application of preliminary decisions on classification and origin during customs control of cargoes in containers.

Methodology of research. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study is formed by the works of foreign and domestic scientists and practitioners on customs control and implementation of state customs. Methods of theoretical generalization, analysis and synthesis, scientific abstraction are used to clarify the nature and role of customs control; observation and formalization – to monitor the effectiveness of the customs control system when moving goods in containers across the customs border of Ukraine.

Findings. The main normative and legal acts of Ukraine concerning the procedure of execution of customs procedures related to the organization of customs control at checkpoints across the state border are analysed. It is established that one of the key obligations of Ukraine under the Economic Part of the Association Agreement with the EU is to accede to the Convention on a common transit procedure, which requires the introduction of NCTS, which will speed up and improve customs procedures for goods in containers moving through Ukrainian European border, reduce the cost of cross-border trade in goods with European countries, and more effectively counter attempts to violate customs regulations. The advantages of Ukraine's accession to the Convention have been identified. Possibilities of making preliminary decisions by the customs authorities on the classification and origin of goods moving across the customs border of Ukraine are revealed.

Originality. Substantiation of expediency of formation and application of previous decisions as obligatory has been further developed, which will help to improve customs control when moving cargo in containers across the customs border of Ukraine, by excluding operations to determine the UCG FEA (Ukrainian classification of goods of foreign economic activity) code and country of origin after crossing the customs border.

Practical value. The results of the study can be proposed in the activities of customs officials in order to increase the efficiency of customs control and reduce the time of customs formalities for goods moving across the customs border of Ukraine.
Key words: customs control, preliminary decisions, customs formalities, customs clearance, customs procedures, joint transit.
Peculiarities of regulatory and legal support in the field of energy saving in Ukraine
Authors: Sobko Olha , Smereka Svitlana
Published: May 2021

Purpose. The aim of the article is to research the current legislation in the field of energy saving, which is based on the principles of complexity and priority, as well as the use of alternative energy sources in Ukraine.

Methodology of research. In the course of the research an interdisciplinary approach is used, which allowed to substantiate topical issues of energy saving development in Ukraine, institutional approach: the legal framework of the study is the current legislation of Ukraine in the field of energy saving; abstract and logical –for generalizations and formation of conclusions, in particular, by amendment of normative-legal maintenance which has the complex influence which is shown at macro- and micro-levels of economic systems.

Findings. Peculiarities of development of normative and legal provision of energy saving in Ukraine are considered, the main tasks of the state policy and the purpose of introduction of ESU in the field of energy saving are singled out. The necessity of active introduction of energy management by business entities is substantiated.

Originality. The key tasks of the state policy in the field of energy saving are defined. Obstacles in the field of energy saving are systematized within three components. Proposals for improving energy saving, which can be achieved by amending the regulatory framework, are substantiated; integrated impact, which involves the implementation of economic systems at the macro and micro levels; revival of investments in energy saving processes and a number of innovative changes at both legislative and executive levels.

Practical value. The received proposals can be used to improve the current system of energy saving management in Ukraine, in particular, the practice of energy management as an innovative system to ensure efficiency and competitiveness, balanced economic development and innovation of economic entities.

Key words: energy saving, energy strategy, investments, regulatory support, competitiveness, alternative fuel sources.
Functions and principles of standardization of innovative labour for it industry projects
Authors: Pererva Ivanna
Published: May 2021

Purpose. The aim of the article is the research of modern trends in labour rationing in the IT industry; determination of the functions of standardization of innovative labour of IT specialists at three levels of management ‒ macro-, meso- (the level of the IT industry) and micro- (the level of the enterprise of the IT industry); substantiation of the principles of standardization of innovative work in the IT industry.

Methodology of research. The method of logical generalization and office research was used to substantiate the functions, features, principles of standardization of innovative work in the IT industry, and the graphic method was used to visualize the presented results.

Results. Current trends are considered and the main problems associated with the IT industry are explored to achieve this goal. Based on the generalization of theoretical provisions on the rationing of innovative work of IT professionals at the macro, meso, micro-economic levels, the main functions of rationing of innovative work at these levels are determined. The principles of rationing of innovative work in the IT industry are substantiated on the basis of their combination into three groups: features of rationing of innovative work, features of work of IT specialists and principles of labour rationing with separation of general and specific.

Originality. The list of general and specific principles of rationing of innovative work in the IT industry is substantiated, which, unlike the existing ones, takes into account the peculiarities of rationing of innovative work of IT specialists, which allows to determine the role of innovative work in the development of an innovative model of employment and changing the structure of this model in the labour market.

Practical value. Rationalization of labour processes based on innovative work can be ensured in the case of using an effective management tool, which is rationing. Generalized theoretical provisions on the functions of standardization of innovative work at different levels, sound principles of standardization of innovative work in the IT industry will help increase the validity of norms and standards of time for IT workers and enhance innovative work of employees in the IT industry.

Key words: innovations, innovative work, IT industry, rationing of innovative work, functions and principles of labour rationing.
Carbon isotope trends in north-west European mosasaurs (Squamata; Late Cretaceous)
Authors: Giltaij Tom J. , Jeroen van der Lubbe , Lindow Bent , Schulp Anne S. , Jagt John W.M.
Published: May 2021

The carbon stable isotope composition (δ13C) of tooth enamel in mosasaurid squa-mates reflects aspects of their diet and diving behaviour. Here we present new δ13C data for such marine squamates from the Maastrichtian of Denmark and compare these with results obtained in previous studies from the lower-latitude type area of the Maastrichtian Stage (latest Cretaceous; 72.1–66.0 Ma) in the south-east Nether-lands and north-east Belgium. For the Danish samples, there is a weak correlation between mosasaur body size and δ13C values, with larger-sized taxa having lower δ13C values, comparable to what has previously been observed for mosasaurs from the Maastrichtian type area.
SI «A. P. ROMODANOV NEUROSURGERY INSTITUTE OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES OF UKRAINE» CELEBRATES THE 70 - TH ANNIVERSARY
Authors: Pedachenko Eugene , Pichkur Leonid , Biloshytsky Vadym , Rudenko Valentyna
Published: May 2021

In 2020, State Institution «A. P. Romodanov Neurosurgery Institute of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine» (hereinafter referred to as Institute) occupies the glorious anniversary – 70 years since its foundation. By order of the Minister of Health of the USSR No. 439 of July 3, 1950, the structure and staffing of the Kyiv Research Institute of Neurosurgery were approved in the amount of 291 units. The regulations on the Institute were approved by the Ministry of Health of Ukraine on August 4, 1950. Departments of Neuro-oncology, Acute Trauma of the Central and Peripheral Nervous System, Neurovascular Pathology, Restorative Neurosurgery and Pediatric Neurosurgery were established in the structure of the Institute. The Neurosurgery Institute in different years was headed by: O.I. Arutiunov (1950–1964), A.P. Romodanov (1964–1993), Yu.P. Zozulia (1993–2013), E.G. Pedachenko (since February 2013). Today, the Institute's clinical base consists of 15 specialized departments with 361 beds, where up to 7,000 patients are treated annually. In the out-patient department, from 30,000 to 40,000 patients receive counseling every year. In 15 operating rooms, more than 5,000 operations of the highest complexity are performed per year. Comprehensive examination and treatment of patients are provided by the scientific and diagnostic departments and laboratories.
Currently, the Neurosurgery Institute staff amounts for 1,008 employees, including 38 doctors of medicine, 14 professors, and 80 candidates of medical sciences. Currently, the State Institution "Romodanov Neurosurgery Institute of NAMS of Ukraine" occupies a leading position in the diagnosing and treatment of neurosurgical pathology in Ukraine. The Institute has established and operates scientific schools on neurotrauma, neuro-oncology, vascular pathology of the brain and spinal cord, minimally invasive spinal neurosurgery, neurotransplantation, and neuroimmunology, which are headed and developed by leading specialists of the Institute. Throughout the existence of the Institute, training of scientific personnel is constantly carried out. The prospects for further development of the Neurosurgery Institute are intended in wide implementation of neuromodulation method, the development of gene therapy, the use of invasive electrophysiological studies and modern neuroimaging, the improvement and widespread adoption of endoscopic techniques in the neurosurgical practice, the development and implementation of methods of reconstructive neurosurgery and the treatment of chronic pain syndromes. It is extremely important for Ukraine to create a scientific and practical center for neurotrauma and a modern rehabilitation center on the basis of the Institute.
Keywords: Neurosurgery Institute; anniversary; history
Desarrollo analítico de derivados del fenol en agua utilizando cromatografía de líquidos
Authors: Lemus-Solorio Alfonso , Núñez-Gaytán María Elena , Núñez-Gaytán Ana María , Lemus-Solorio Martha Angélica , Núñez-Hernández Sandra
Published: May 2021

Se ha desarrollado un método analítico por cromatografía de líquidos de alta eficiencia para la determinación de cloro y nitrofenoles al nivel de trazas (µg/L) en agua, empleando un gradiente de elución de fase reversa y un detector ultravioleta (UV). Se empleó un método de Extracción en Fase Sólida (EFS), que implicó el diseño de un sistema bidimensional de pre-columnas acoplado con la cromatografía de líquidos de alta eficiencia (CLAE) con el fin de efectuar la preconcentración, purificación y aislamiento de los solutos en matrices acuosas ambientales. Estos compuestos fenólicos son considerados contaminantes prioritarios por la Agencia de Protección Ambiental de los Estados Unidos (USEPA); los compuestos son: 4,6-dinitro-2-metilfenol, 2,4-dimetilfenol, 4-cloro-3-metilfenol, 2,4-diclorofenol, 2,4,6-triclorofenol y pentaclorofenol. El método desarrollado es simple, rápido, exacto y preciso.  Se obtuvieron recuperaciones mayores del 90 % para los fenoles 4,6-dinitro-2-metilfenol, 2,4-diclorofenol y 2,4,6-triclorofenol, aproximadamente 80 % para el pentaclorofenol y 52 % para el 2,4-dimetilfenol. Además, se obtuvo una precisión (CV ˂ 5 %) aceptable para todos los solutos a estos niveles de concentración.
OUTCOME OF SCLEROTHERAPY IN THETREATMENT OF NON-HEALING VARICOSE ULCERS UNDER ULTRASOUND CONTROL
Authors: Muhammad Jamil  , Rashid Usman  , Aaiza Aman  , Kishwar Ali  , Rai Ahmad Khan Kharl
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE:  Varicose veins are the commonest vascular problem both in men and women worldwide. Lack of timely management, inadequate treatment, and maltreatment of varicose veins can lead to the development of nonhealing ulcers and affects the quality of life in terms of health. Surgery, heat therapy, chemical therapy, and endoscopic treatment are the options of treatment. Foam sclerotherapy is relatively a new technique being practiced all over the world and has promising results.The objective was to determine the outcomes of foam sclerotherapy in the treatment of non-healing varicose ulcers.

METHODOLOGY:In this descriptive study, 240 patients with chronic leg ulcers with varicose veins had been managed with foam sclerotherapy under ultrasound and compression bandage. All patients were reviewed at 7 days, 1month, 3 months, 6 months, 1 year, and 18 months both clinically and radiologically with a doppler ultrasound to assess the ulcer healing rates.

RESULTS:The overall healing after 04 weeks of foam sclerotherapy was 83%. Two hundred and twenty-nine patients (95.4%) with ulcers healed within 02 months of the start of ultrasound-guided foam sclerotherapy. Delayed healing occurred after four months in11 cases. All those cases had either previous varicose veins surgery or deep vein thrombosis,or extensive perforator disease. During 18 months of follow-up, seven patients showed recurrence with a mean symptom-free period of 07 months.

CONCLUSION:Chronic venous ulcers treated with foam sclerotherapyunder ultrasound guidance are associated with a high healing rate and low recurrence rate.
Pemberdayaan Perempuan Dalam Produksi Masker Dan Penerapan Disiplin Memakai Masker Bagi Pekerja Harian Dalam Penanganan Wabah Covid-19
Authors: Probowati Wiwit , Anindhita Nosa Septiana
Published: May 2021

The Covid-19 outbreak that hit globally had amajor impact on economic activity in developing countries, especially Indonesia. In order to continue carrying out daily activities, especially working, it is necessary to comply with health protocol. Health protocols when doing activities include wearing masks, washing hands frequently with soap, avoiding crowds and maintaining a minumum distance of 1.5 meters from each other. The need for masks that are currentky not fulfilled by daily workers or laborers in Margomulyo village, Seyegan sub-district, Sleman regency, Province of Yogyakarta is primary need while working. The importance of education regarding the dangers of transmission of the Corona Virus or SARS-Cov-2 needs to be done to prevent the faster transmission of the virus. Therefore, the organization group ‘Aisyiyah in collaboration with Universitas ‘Aisyiyah Yogyakarta, empowers women tailors in neighborhood to produce cloth masks. Furthermore, these mask were distributed to daily workers in the Mrgomulyo village environment who had high mobility and had ahigh potential to transmit the Corona virus.
Моногенні функції зі значеннями у комутативних комплексних алгебрах другого рангу з одиницею та узагальнене бігармонічне рівняння з ненульовими простими характеристиками
Authors: Gryshchuk S. V.
Published: May 2021

УДК 517.5, 539.3 Серед двовимірних алгебр другого рангу з одиницею над полем комплексних чисел знайдено напівпросту алгебру що містить базиси такі, що -значні ,,аналітичні'' функції ( - дійсні змінні) задовольняють однорідне рівняння з частинними похідними четвертого порядку, яке має лише прості ненульові характеристики.Наведено повний опис множини пар
Urban Green Space Rehabilitation in Campo Grande, MS. An Overview of the Anhandui River Current Situation, Post Revitalization Project
Authors: Pereira Rosa Camila Andressa , Dantas Gabriel Silva , Delgado da Silva Bárbara Mylena
Published: May 2021

Research has shown that Urban Green Spaces (UGS) can have a direct impact on urban health and well-being, being able to help combat urban ill and improve life quality. This short paper presents an investigation of the importance of urban greenery and how it can benefit life in the urban environment. Furthermore, it analyses the current situation of the Anhanduí river, located in the Brazilian city of Campo Grande - MS, after the revitalization project from 2018. Based on relevant literature review and systematic field assessment realised in person in January 2019, this review aims to identify if the main issues (erosion and landslide, flood control and water quality, lack of ecological, visual and functional connections, ecological degradation, loss of identity and native vegetation) encountered in the earlier research were properly solved. Preliminary evaluations indicated severe neglect at the river’s riparian zone, thus immensurable loss of original vegetation and delay in the construction sites.
A brief guide to producing a national population projection
Authors: Wilson Tom , Rees Philip
Published: May 2021

Background  There are surprisingly few resources available which offer an introductory guide to preparing a national population projection using a cohort-component model. Many demography textbooks cover projections quite briefly, and many academic papers on projections focus on advanced technical issues.
Aims  The aim of this paper is to provide a short and accessible guide to producing a national-scale population projection using the cohort-component model.
Data and methods  The paper describes the cohort-component model from a population accounting perspective, presents all the necessary projection calculations, and covers the key steps which form part of the projections preparation process – from gathering input data to validating outputs. An accompanying Excel workbook implements the model and contains example projections for Australia.
Conclusions  Calculating a national population projection using a cohort-component model involves fairly simple algebra, but the broader projections preparation process is more complex, and requires careful consideration and judgement.
A revised multilocus phylogeny of Old World sparrows (Aves: Passeridae)
Authors: Päckert Martin , Hering Jens , Belkacem Abdelkrim Ait , Sun Yue-Hua , Hille Sabine , Lkhagvasuren Davaa , Islam Safiqul , Martens Jochen
Published: May 2021

Abstract

The Old World sparrows include some of the best-studied passerine species, such as the cosmopolitan human commensal, the house sparrow (Passer domesticus) as well as poorly studied narrow-range endemics like the Iago sparrow (P. iagoensis) from the Cape Verde Archipelago or specialists from extreme environments like the desert sparrow (P. simplex). It is therefore notable that to date the most complete phylogenetic hypothesis for the Old World sparrows comprised only ten of 43 currently accepted species. With this study we provide an updated phylogeny of Passeridae covering about two third of the family’s species richness. Though still being far from taxon-complete, this new phylogenetic hypothesis provides firm evidence to clarify some open taxonomic questions. All genus-level taxa were reciprocally monophyletic with strong support. Contrary to previous classifications, bush sparrows and rock sparrows were not sister taxa, and therefore their classification in separate genera Gymnoris and Petronia is justified. Plumage color traits like the yellow throat patch of the latter two genera or head color pattern in Passer species do not provide reliable phylogenetic information, except for the large-sized African grey-headed sparrows that resulted as a monophyletic group (P. diffusus, P. griseus, P. gongoensis). Unexpectedly, two small-sized species, P. eminibey and P. luteus that to date are regarded as close relatives were firmly nested in two separate clades of Passer sparrows. Therefore, their separate generic treatment under Sorella eminibey and Auripasser luteus (together with A. euchlorus) does not seem justified.
Autopsie d’un grand homme. Gambetta, 2 janvier 1883
Authors: Carol Anne
Published: May 2021

Léon Gambetta meurt le 31 décembre 1882, au faîte de sa célébrité, à l’issue d’une maladie et d’une agonie fortement médiatisées. Délaissant les funérailles officielles, cet article étudie un moment particulier des séquences mortuaires qui succèdent immédiatement au décès, celui de l’autopsie, qui condense les tensions entre l’homme public et le sujet médical. Les gestes invasifs et les prélèvements pratiqués à cette occasion répondent en effet à des objectifs multiples, mêlant le politique et le scientifique ; ils suscitent des interprétations diverses et inaugurent des destins divergents pour ses dépouilles mortelles, dont le degré de dispersion n’est révélé que tardivement.
« Mort aux affameurs ! » La loi Farge de 1946 ou la peine capitale contre le marché noir
Authors: Picard Nicolas
Published: May 2021

S’appuyant sur les débats parlementaires et sur les procès-verbaux de la Commission du ravitaillement, cet article retrace la destinée du projet de loi proposé en 1946 par le ministre Yves Farge afin d’appliquer la peine de mort à certains trafiquants au marché noir, accusés d’attenter à la « santé de la nation ». Cette loi est votée dans un certain consensus, les discussions portant principalement sur l’étendue à donner à la répression.
Dr. Józef Brudziński – the true ‘Father of probiotics’
Authors: Krawczyk R.T. , Banaszkiewicz A.
Published: May 2021

Until now it has been Professor Elie Metchnikoff, a Russian researcher and scientist, who has been considered the discoverer of probiotics. In the early 20th century he associated the longevity and good health of Caucasian peasants with their consumption of a type of yoghurt containing strains of Lactobacillus acidophilus which were supposed to destroy the harmful microbiota of the intestines. However, at least a dozen years prior to Metchnikoff, a Polish doctor and scientist Dr. Józef Brudziński planned, conducted and described a study in which he applied a Bacillus lactis aërogenes suspension in treatment of infants with acute infectious diarrhoea. Here, we briefly characterise this study. Undoubtedly, apart from his fame as the neurologist who described meningeal symptoms, he deserves to be regarded as the true ‘Father of probiotics’.
Caracterización del complejo lacustre glaciar de alta montaña de sierra segundera (NO de Zamora)
Authors: Morales Javier , Negro Ana I.
Published: May 2021

El estudio de humedales de alta montaña presenta un gran interés en la Península Ibérica ya que son elementos singulares herencia de la última glaciación, y además albergan biocenosis muy relevantes en biogeografía y conservación por su aislamiento y singularidad. En este trabajo se desarrolla en detalle la distribución, morfogénesis y tipologías lacustres presentes en el complejo glaciar de Sierra Segundera, situado mayoritariamente en la cabecera del río Tera (NO de Zamora), aguas arriba del lago de Sanabria. Se han catalogado 340 elementos acuáticos en una red de drenaje de 258 km sobre una superficie superior a 10.600 ha, que drena un promedio anual de agua superior a 120 hm3. Se incluyen datos hidrográficos y batimétricos de las 19 lagunas y turberas naturales de mayor tamaño, situadas a una altitud superior a 1500 msnm. En ellas habitan singulares comunidades biológicas, micro y macroscópicas. Los inventarios oscilaron entre 61 y 461 taxones de flora y fauna, considerados en sentido amplio; siendo un mínimo de 67% productores primarios. Se esbozan las presiones globales y locales en sus respectivas cuencas, que de alguna manera comprometen en el futuro su estado de conservación dentro de la red Natura2000, y se describen los posibles impactos pasados y actuales que les afectan negativamente.
Prediction of endotracheal tube size using a printed three-dimensional airway model in pediatric patients with congenital heart disease: a prospective, single-center, single-group study
Authors: Park Seyeon , Ahn Jisoo , Yoon Sung Uk , Choo Ki Seok , Kim Hye-Jin , Chung Minwoo , Kim Hee Young
Published: May 2021

Background: To determine the correct size of endotracheal tubes (ETTs) for endotracheal intubation of pediatric patients, new methods have been investigated. Although the three-dimensional (3D) printing technology has been successful in the field of surgery, there are not many studies in the field of anesthesia. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of a 3D airway model for prediction of the correct ETT size, and compare the results with a conventional age-based formula in pediatric patients.Methods: Thirty-five pediatric patients under six years of age who were scheduled for congenital heart surgery were enrolled. In the pre-anesthetic period, the patient’s computed tomography (CT) images were converted to Standard Triangle Language (STL) files using the 3D conversion program. A Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) type 3D printer was used to print 3D airway models from the sub-glottis to the upper carina. ETT size was selected by inserting various sized cuffed-ETTs to a printed 3D airway model.Results: The 3D method selected the correct ETT size in 21 out of 35 pediatric patients (60%), whereas the age-based formula selected the correct ETT size in 9 patients (26%).Conclusions: Prediction of the correct size of ETTs using a printed 3D airway model demonstrated better results than the age-based formula. This suggests that the selection of ETT size using a printed 3D airway model may be feasible for helping minimize re-intubation attempts and complications in patients with congenital heart disease and/or those with an abnormal range of growth and development.
Comparison of Design Fluency Test Results among Patients with Parkinson's Disease, Frontotemporal Dementia, and the Control Group
Authors: Barekatain Majid , Rajabi Fatemeh , Ebrahimi Amrollah , Maracy Mohammad Reza , Akbaripour Sahar
Published: May 2021

Background:

Design Fluency Test (DFT) is a nonverbal frame-free, nonstructured assessment of executive function (EF). Since previous studies evaluating EF in Parkinson's disease (PD) have mainly used verbal assessments for EF, this study aims to evaluate the pattern of executive domains in PD using DFT and to compare it with behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (FTD) as a prototype for executive dysfunction and also with normal controls (NCs).

Materials and Methods:

Twenty-eight patients with PD, 27 with FTD, and 27 NCs were included in the study in Ayatollah Kashani Neuropsychiatry Clinic affiliated to Isfahan University of Medical Sciences from September 2019 to February 2020. All participants were assessed via semi-structured neuropsychiatric interview, questionnaire for demographic profile (age, handedness, gender, education, and marital status), duration of illness, comorbid medical condition, comorbid psychiatric illnesses and medications, DFT, Short Parkinson's Evaluation Scale, Frontal Assessment Battery, Judgment of Line Orientation, and Neuropsychiatry Unit Cognitive Assessment Tool.

Results:

Fixed condition novelty score was significantly different between FTD and PD (P < 0.001), FTD and control (P < 0.001), and also between PD and control (P = 0.001). When free and fixed condition novelty scores were considered to predict diagnostic attribution, multinomial logistic regression revealed that odds ratio for free condition novelty score was 0.705 (P = 0.005, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.553–0.899) and 0.494 (P = 0.001, 95% CI = 0.328–0.744) in PD and FTD, respectively. The odds ratio for fixed condition novelty score was 0.772 (P = 0.011, 95% CI = 0.632–0.942) and 0.449 (P = 0.00, 95% CI = 0.292–0.691).

Conclusion:

DFT subscores can be helpful in diagnosis and differentiation between FTD and PD.
Severe Epistaxis after Tissue Plasminogen Activator administration for Acute Ischemic Stroke in SARS-COV-2 Infection
Authors: Khandelwal Priyank , Martínez-Pías Enrique , Bach Ivo , Prakash Tannavi , Hillen Machteld E. , Martínez-Galdámez Mario , Arenillas Juan F.
Published: May 2021

Patients with COVID-19 may suffer from hemorrhagic complications. Our article highlights two cases of COVID-19-infected patients, who suffered severe epistaxis after initiation of intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (IV-rtPA) for acute ischemic stroke, followed by a sudden decline in their clinical status and ultimately leading to death within days. Given the global impact and mortality of COVID-19, it is essential to be aware of its unusual presentation and improve therapeutic strategies. We present two cases of individuals who suffered from a large vessel occlusion of and were candidates for both IV-rtPA and mechanical thrombectomy. They received IV-rtPA but had epistaxis so severe that they were not able to receive MT and died within the next few days. There are many potential mechanisms by which epistaxis can happen in an individual with COVID-19 who received IV-rtPA including invasion of the nasal mucosa and endothelium through angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptors by the virus. We also hypothesize that the coagulation abnormality seen in COVID-19 patients can be potentiated by the use of treatments such as IV-rtPA. We review these issues with a diagram illustrating the possible mechanisms.
Transesophageal echocardiogram in the evaluation of acute ischemic stroke of young adults
Authors: Ahmed Muhammad K. , Kamal Haris , Weiss Jessica L. , Crumlish Annemarie , Shirani Peyman , Sawyer Robert N. , Mowla Ashkan
Published: May 2021

INTRODUCTION:

Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) in the young age (≤50 years) is a major cause of disability. The underlying mechanism of AIS in this age group is usually different from elderly. Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) is used to detect the potential cardiac sources of embolism in AIS patients. Transthoracic echocardiogram (TEE) is superior to detect specific underlying cardio-aortic source of embolism when compared to TTE. We aim to evaluate the diagnostic yield and therapeutic impact of TEE in AIS of young adults.

METHODS:

We retrospectively reviewed the consecutive patients with AIS in our comprehensive center in a 5-year period from our prospectively collected registry. We selected patients with age ≤50 years who had acute infarcts on brain magnetic resonance imaging or head computed tomography and underwent TEE as part of their diagnostic workup. Demographic details including, age, gender, body mass index, cardiovascular risk factors profile, and TEE findings were collected.

RESULTS:

Among a total 7,930 patients, 876 (11.04%) were found to be ≤50 years old. Among those, TEE was done in 113 patients (12.8%) in addition to TTE. Those who underwent TEE had a mean age of 40.4 ± 7.9 years, 60 were male (53%), 7 (6.2%) had a history of coronary artery disease, 38 (33%) had a history of diabetes, and 45 (40%) had a history of smoking. TEE showed new abnormal findings in a total of 15 patients (13.2%) that were not reported in their TTEs. Out of these, left atrial appendage thrombus was found in 5, infective endocarditis in 4, atrial septal aneurysms associated with patent foramen ovale (PFO) in 3, and spontaneous mobile echo density in three patients. Overall, new findings from TEE resulted in change in the secondary stroke prevention strategy in 14 patients of those who underwent TEE (12.3%). TEE also confirmed the presence of PFO, which was present on TTE with bubble study in 20 (17.6%) patients.

CONCLUSION:

TEE may provide additional information in the evaluation of the AIS in young adults, which could lead to change of the secondary stroke prevention strategy.
Conventional Risk Factors, Telomere Length, and Ischemic Heart disease: Insights into the Mediation Analysis
Authors: Piplani Shobhit , Prabhu Madhav , Alemao Nadezdha Niyarah , Akash C , Ram Pradhum , Ambar Sameer , Kumbar Vijay , Chugh Yashasvi , Raychauduri Siba P , Chugh Sanjay Kumar
Published: May 2021

Telomere length is regarded as a potential biomarker of biological ageing and is associated with various age-related diseases, such as ischemic heart disease (IHD), myocardial infarction, peripheral vascular disease, and cancer. As there is a paucity of study that deals with this influence, this study aimed to assess how the cardiovascular risk factors influence the risk of IHD by performing mediation analysis. A total of 407 males were included in the study. IHD was diagnosed through echocardiography and coronary angiography by determining the number of coronary vessels involved. Demographic data, clinical history, and laboratory investigations such as random blood sugar (RBS), fasting lipid profile, serum creatinine, and serum urea levels of all the subjects were measured and recorded. Serum uric acid and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels were significantly higher in IHD subjects compared to non-IHD subjects (P < 0.05). Body mass index (BMI), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), RBS, serum uric acid, serum creatinine, BUN, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and telomere length significantly differed between subjects with and without IHD (P < 0.05). Further, telomere length (P < 0.001), BMI (P < 0.001), and total cholesterol level (P < 0.001) were risk factors that significantly affected the incidence of IHD, as proved by logistic regression. It indicates that shorter telomeres contribute to increased risk of IHD, influenced by BMI, HbA1c, BUN, total cholesterol levels, and RBS (P < 0.001). The study established a link between telomere shortening, conventional risk factors, and IHD; moreover, the study takes care in the role of mediation analysis which is a novel idea as little is done in this area of biostatistics with telomere length. Overall, this further establishes that telomeres length might serve as the promising biomarkers in predicting the risk of IHD.
Developing Supportive Care Services for Patients with Kidney Failure: An Idea Whose Time Has Come
Authors: Jha Vivekanand
Published: May 2021

The number of patients developing kidney failure is increasing globally including in India. Dialysis is not the most optimal treatment for a number of these patients such as the elderly, the frail and those with multiple comorbidities and limited life expectancy. Moreover, some patients may prefer not to undergo dialysis. Supportive care focused on symptom management and improving the quality of life is a legitimate treatment option in these situations. It can be delivered alongside dialysis or to patients who choose to receive only conservative care and is being increasingly recognised as an integral component of holistic kidney care. Kidney care provider ecosystem needs to become aware of the principles of the principles of shared decision making, advanced care planning, understanding how to provide emotional, spiritual and information support to the patient and their families and when needed bereavement care. Supportive care facilities are underdeveloped in most low resource settings including in India. There is a need to develop capacity in this area so that our patients can derive the benefit of the full range of treatment options for kidney disease.
Decision-making around Commencing Dialysis
Authors: Rao Indu Ramachandra , Vallath Nandini , Anupama YJ , Gupta Krishan Lal , Rao Krithika S.
Published: May 2021

The decision regarding dialysis initiation is complex. Awareness that renal replacement therapy should not be regarded as default therapy for every patient with advanced renal failure is necessary. Decision to initiate dialysis and modality should be individualized in a shared decision-making process involving the treating nephrologist and the patient. Patients should receive predialysis education early in the course of chronic kidney disease so as to help prepare them well in advance for this eventuality. Withholding dialysis may be a reasonable option in a certain subset of patients, especially elderly patient with multiple co-morbid illnesses. Comprehensive conservation care should be offered in all patients where the decision to not dialyze is taken.
Comprehensive Conservative Care in End-Stage Kidney Disease
Authors: Palat Gayatri , Shenoy Srinivas Vinayak , Shetty Lakshmitha , Vishnubhotla Sivakumar
Published: May 2021

In patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), when there maybe situations where dialysis does not offer benefits in terms of survival or health-related quality of life, dialysis should not be viewed as the default therapy. Such patients can be offered comprehensive conservative care as an alternative to dialysis. Conservative (nondialytic) management of ESKD includes careful attention to fluid balance, treatment of anemia, correction of acidosis and hyperkalemia, blood pressure, and calcium/phosphorus metabolism management and dietary modification. Individualized symptom management and supportive care are crucial to maximize the quality of life. We propose that model of comprehensive conservative care in ESKD should manage both diseases as well as provide supportive care. Facilitating implementation of comprehensive conservative care requires coordination between nephrology and palliative care at patient, professional, administrative, and social levels to maximize benefit with the motto to improve the overall quality of life.
О существовании нелинейных инвариантов специального вида для раундовых преобразований XSL-алгоритмов
Authors: Burov Dmitry Alexandrovich
Published: May 2021

Изучаются нелинейные инварианты раундовых преобразований XSL-алгоритмов, которые могут быть найдены с помощью подхода, предложенного на конференции ASIACRYPT 2016. На основе результатов о группах инерции функций, допускающих декомпозицию, выявлены условия на $s$-боксы и матрицы XSL-алгоритмов, необходимые для существования таких инвариантов. Показано, что для ряда алгоритмов блочного шифрования эти условия не выполнены.
Некоторые семейства замкнутых классов в $P_k$, задаваемых аддитивными формулами
Authors: Meshchaninov Dmitry Germanovich
Published: May 2021

Анализируются замкнутые классы в $k$-значной логике, содержащие все линейные по модулю $k$ функции. Классы определяются делителями $d$ числа $k$ и каноническими формулами для функций. Строится решетка всех таких классов при $k=p^2$, где $p$ простое, и фрагменты решетки при других составных $k$.
О классах субкомпактных пространств
Authors: Belugin Vitalii Il'ich , Osipov Alexander Vladimirovich , Pytkeev Evgenii Georgievich
Published: May 2021

В работе продолжается исследование вопроса П. С. Александрова:
когда хаусдорфово пространство $X$ может быть непрерывно
взаимооднозначно отображено на компактное хаусдорфово пространство?
Для кардинального числа $\tau$ определяются классы $a_\tau$-пространств
и строгих $a_\tau$-пространств.
Компактное пространство $X$ называем $a_\tau$-пространством,
если для любого $C\in[X]^{\le\tau}$ существует уплотнение $X\setminus C$
на компакт.
Компактное пространство $X$ называем
строгим $a_\tau$-пространством, если для любого
$C\in[X]^{\le\tau}$ существует уплотнение $X\setminus C$ на компакт $Y$,
продолжаемое по непрерывности на все пространство $X$.
В этой работе мы исследуем свойства классов $a_\tau$-
(строгих $a_\tau$-)пространств, применяя метод Раухваргер -
специальных непрерывных разбиений.
Библиография: 28 названий.
Неблуждающий континуум, обладающий свойством Вады
Authors: Serow Dmitrii Wadimovich
Published: May 2021

Рассматриваются динамические системы на плоскости, обладающие свойством Вады. Диссипативная динамическая система с неблуждающим континуумом, представляющим собой общую границу трех областей, может быть только двух топологических типов - симметричная и антисимметричная. Антисимметричную динамическую систему с неблуждающим континуумом можно преобразовать в динамическую систему с инвариантной вихревой дорожкой без неподвижных точек. Дальнейшая процедура факторизации позволяет получить динамические системы, обладающие свойством Вады, с неблуждающим континуумом, который представляет собой общую границу любого конечного числа областей. Более того, следуя этой методике, удается построить биркгофову кривую, которая оказывается общей границей двух областей.
Cryptocurrency investment: A safe venture or a new type of gambling?
Authors: Sonkurt Harun Olcay , Altınöz Ali Ercan
Published: May 2021

Investment behaviour and gambling overlap from time to time. It is stated that there is a spectrum between gambling and investment behaviour, and there are “speculative” investment tools in the middle of the spectrum. Considering that it presents a higher risk because of its high volatility compared to traditional investment instruments, trading cryptocurrencies can become pathological and gambling-like. This study aims to investigate the pathological trading behaviour and frequency among cryptocurrency investors, to investigate additional gambling disorders, and to investigate the relationship between cryptocurrency investment behaviour and impulsivity. An online questionnaire was created to investigate these issues. In the questionnaire, the Pathological Trading Scale, the South Oaks Gambling Screen Test and the Barratt Impulsivity Scale were all used. A total of three hundred persons were evaluated. We found that total pathological traders were 48.7% of all traders, impulsivity in 18–25 age group was higher, high-frequency traders were more pathological, and their impulsivity was higher; also margin traders and day traders show more pathological behaviour. It seems that an important part of cryptocurrency traders may be pathological, and certain of them may have cryptocurrency addiction, which can be evaluated as a subtype of gambling disorder.Résumé Le comportement de l’investisseur et celui du joueur se chevauchent de temps à autre. On dit qu’il existe un spectre entre ces deux comportements, au milieu duquel se trouvent des outils d’investissement « spéculatif ». Compte tenu de leur risque plus élevé dû à leur plus grande volatilité par rapport aux instruments d’investissement traditionnels, les échanges de cryptomonnaies peuvent devenir pathologiques et s’apparenter aux jeux de hasard. Cette étude vise à analyser le comportement des investisseurs de cryptomonnaies et la fréquence de leurs opérations afin d’examiner d’autres troubles liés à la pratique des jeux de hasard et la relation entre le comportement des investisseurs de cryptomonnaies et l’impulsivité. Un questionnaire en ligne a été créé à cette fin et la Pathological Trading Scale, le South Oaks Gambling Screen Test et la Barratt Impulsivity Scale y étaient utilisés. En tout, 300 personnes ont été évaluées. Nous avons constaté que les joueurs pathologiques représentaient 48,7% de tous les spéculateurs, que l’impulsivité dans le groupe des personnes de 18 à 25 ans était plus élevée, et que les spéculateurs qui effectuaient des transactions plus souvent étaient plus pathologiques et faisaient preuve d’une plus grande impulsivité; de plus, les spéculateurs sur marge et les spéculateurs sur séance affichaient un comportement plus pathologique. Il semble qu’une proportion importante des spéculateurs de cryptomonnaies peuvent être pathologiques, et que certains d’entre eux peuvent être dépendants à l’égard des cryptomonnaies, ce qui peut être évalué comme un sous-type de jeu compulsif.
Community knowledge, attitude and practice of childhood immunization in Southwest Nigeria: Data from a Paediatric Association of Nigeria town hall meeting
Authors: Ekure EN , Esezobor CI , Mukhtar-Yola M , Balogun MR , Ojo OO , Emodi IJ , Bamiwuye OS , Omoigberale AI , Ezechukwu C , Olowu AO , Ogala WN , Esangbedo DO
Published: May 2021

Background: Vaccine preventable diseases account for 22% of under-five deaths in Nigeria and poor knowledge and attitude have been responsible for non-vaccination of children. This study aimed to assess the knowledge,attitude and practice of childhood immunization among community members in Ile-Ife.Methods: Quantitative data (using an interviewer-administered questionnaire) was collected from a convenience sample of 36 adultresidents who attended a town hall meeting with the PaediatricAssociation of Nigeria. Two focus group discussions were also conductedamong sub-samples of male and female respondents.Results: The mean age of respondents was 43.2 ± 11.9 years with amale to female ratio of 1:0.7. Most had secondary education (63.9%)and had children (91.7%). Most of the respondents understood whatimmunization was and knew the benefits but were unaware of severalof the specific types of immunization. There were erroneous beliefs about the contraindications for immunization and mothers were entrusted with the sole responsibility of getting children immunized. Although most of therespondents had immunized their children, they identified laziness ofmothers, negative attitude of health workers and logistics problemsat facilities as barriers to patronage of immunization services.Conclusion: This study identified knowledge gaps and negative attitudestowards childhood immunization. We therefore recommend a community-wide health education intervention with emphasis on substantial male involvement in immunizations and improvement inimmunization service delivery.Key words: Community, knowledge, attitude, childhood immunization.