bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Cognition of Subject History and the Practice of Curriculum Teaching: A Discussion Based on the Course of “the History of Chinese Society”
Authors:   Yixin Publisher, Wu Qiang
Published: August 2023

The History of Chinese Society is a distinctive course in the undergraduate curriculum system of history majors. How to shift the teaching form of this course from the traditional rigid structure of the subject to a more vivid and the student-centered subject history is an important practice of curriculum reformation, which in turn drives a comprehensive understanding of the entire subject content. This teaching practice method had greatly changed the shortcomings of boring presentation of the subject structure in the previous curriculum teaching. Combining each research direction of the history of Chinese social history with specific scholars, combing the academic history of life of scholars, and showing students the subject history and subject frontier is a very worthwhile attempt and method, and also one of the achievements in the curriculum reformation and teaching practice of The History of Chinese Society.
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN KUNING TELUR DENGAN DOSIS YANG BERBEDA PADA MEDIA PENGENCER NACL FISIOLOGIS DALAM PEROSES PENYIMPANAN SPERMA TERHADAP KUALITAS SPERMA IKAN LELE LOKAL (CLARIAS BATRACH)
Authors: Handayani Bq. Sri , Kurniawati Kurniawati , Putra Sabara , Tarmizi Azhari
Published: August 2023

This study aims to determine the effect of adding Egg Yolk with different doses of physiological NaCl diluent media in the sperm storage process on the sperm quality of catfish (Clarias batrachus) outside the body of the fish. While the goal is to determine the optimal dose of adding egg yolk to physiological NaCl diluent media in the sperm storage process on the sperm quality of catfish (Clarias batrachus) outside the fish body. The method used in this study was the "experimental" method. The experiment used was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with the assumption that the experimental medium used was homogeneous. The results of this study proved the survival of spermatozoa of local catfish in storage. at a temperature of 50C for six days the highest was found in (P3) of 57.14% and the lowest was found in (P0) of 38.215%. ) namely the addition of 0.5 ml of egg yolk. From the results of the evaluation of fresh semen examination there was an average volume of 2.8 ml with a milky white color and slightly viscous, pH 7.3, mass motility ++, individual motility 73.8%, and concentration of 299.8×107 cells/ml.
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN RAGI ROTI DAN IKAN RUCAH SEBAGAI PENGGANTI (NANOCHLOROPSIS SP.) DALAM KULTUR ROTIFER DI BPBL LOMBOK
Authors: Kaisar Edo Rezal Yulian , Gede Sumahiradewi Luh , Sukmaring Kalih L.A.T.T.W. , Yoga Sativa Denianto
Published: August 2023

Rotifers are the main feed during the hatchery process in fisheries. However, rotifers rely heavily on Nannochloropsis as their natural feed. This research was conducted to find out alternative feeds for rotifers. This study used bread yeast, and trash fish as an alternative feed for eight days. The results showed that the growth of control treatment (Nannochloropsis) of 1,125 x 106 individuals.mL-1  with peak growth occurred on day V, bread yeast treatment by 1,215 x 106 individuals.mL-1  with peak growth occurred on day III, Trash Fish treatment by 0.885 x 106 individuals.mL-1  with peak growth occurred on day IV and a mixture of bread yeast and trash fish of 1,095 x 106 individuals.mL-1 with peak growth occurred on day IV
Biblioteconomia de dados no Brasil
Authors: Semeler Alexandre Ribas , Pinto Adilson Luiz
Published: August 2023

A ciência com uso intensivo de dados institui nova dimensão para os bibliotecários, a biblioteconomia de dados. Logo, o bibliotecário de dados precisa aprender mais sobre o uso, acesso e manipulação de todos os tipos de dados. A Biblioteconomia orientada a dados corresponde ao interesse dos bibliotecários em compreender atividades ligadas ao gerenciamento e à curadoria de dados, sendo seu foco o tratamento, a gestão e a curadoria de dados de pesquisas, em qualquer disciplina científica. Um Bibliotecário de dados faz uso de técnicas, tecnologias e serviços para dar suporte e a coleções de dados de pesquisa, investigando problemas práticos relacionados ao armazenamento, ao descobrimento e ao acesso à dados de pesquisa ele deve participar ativamente na pesquisa acadêmica.Teaser
PENERAPAN MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING DALAM PELAJARAN IPS UNTUK MENINGKAYKAN KEMAMPUAN MEMECAHKAN MASALAH SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Naswa Nida Laila , Kurnianti Endang M , Uswatun Hasanah
Published: August 2023

Penelitian ini berfokus pada pembelajaran sosial dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran problem based learning. Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh lemahnya kemampuan pemecahan masalah peserta didik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh “Penerapan Model Problem Based Learning Dalam Pembelajaran IPS Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Memecahkan Masalah Siswa Sekolah Dasar”. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kepustakaan atau literature research mencari hasil penelitian dari berbagai sumber berupa artikel atau buku yang berkaitan dengan masalah yang diteliti dan dipublikasikan sebagai data di majalah nasional dalam 5 tahun terakhir (2019-2023). melakukan sumber. Ditemukan 11 artikel sesuai dengan judul topik. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa model pembelajaran problem based learning berimplikasi pada keterampilan memecahan masalah di pembelajaran IPS.
HUBUNGAN MINAT BELAJAR DENGAN KEMAMPUAN PRAKTIKUM RANGKAIAN SERI PARAREL PADA MAHASISWA PENDIDIKAN FISIKA
Authors: Mila Nurfaniyah Mila Nurfaniyah , Saidah Intan Kurnia  , Naila Dewi Urfah  , Sudarti  , Subiki
Published: August 2023

Upaya sadar dan terencana untuk menciptakan suasana dan pembelajaran yang menyenangkan agar peserta didik secara aktif mengembangkan potensi dirinya adalah makna dari pendidikan. Dalam learningiang terdapat minat belajar yang merupakan aspek yang mempengaruhi setiap individu dalam belajar. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh minat belajar terhadap kemampuan praktikum mahasiswa pendidikan fisika pada materi deret paralel. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Fisika Universitas Jember angkatan 2022. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik angket dalam pengumpulan data. Variabel dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari minat belajar sebagai variabel bebas (X) dan kemampuan memahami praktikum sebagai variabel terikat (Y). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang positif dan signifikan antara meminta belajar dengan hasil kemampuan praktikum siswa pada materi deret paralel.
PENGUATAN PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER MELALUI PEMBELAJAAN TERPADU DI SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Annisa Rizqi Humaira  , Endang M. Kurnianti  , Uswatun Hasanah
Published: August 2023

Dalam sistem pendidikan Indonesia, pendidikan karakter perlu segera diperkuat. Daerah tempat siswa sekolah dasar dan tambahan memiliki lebih banyak pelanggaran disiplin dan peraturan. Motivasi di balik penelitian ini adalah untuk membedakan pemanfaatan instruksi karakter melalui pembelajaran yang mencakup semua. Makalah ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitian kualitatif berbasis literatur sebagai metodenya. Data dari buku dan artikel digabungkan dan dikelompokkan dalam penelitian semacam ini untuk memberikan analisis tentang subjek yang sedang dibahas. Informasi terkait dikumpulkan dari kumpulan data Peneliti Google selama 2018-2023. Pembedahan yang dipimpin ditujukan untuk meningkatkan pengembangan pribadi melalui integratif mencari tahu bagaimana bekerja dengan pembelajaran pembaca. Konsekuensi dari kajian informasi tersebut menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan karakter melalui pembelajaran yang bersifat menyeluruh merupakan kebutuhan wajib pedoman bahasa Indonesia, dan dengan demikian karakter siswa dapat ditingkatkan ke jenjang berikutnya. Pembelajaran Lengkap Pelaksanaan instruksi karakter menggabungkan penggunaan sekolah karakter pada semua tahap dari niat untuk penilaian.
ANALISIS PEMBELAJARAN MODEL WEBBED TERHADAP KETERAMPILAN MENULIS SISWA KELAS RENDAH SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Ega Komalaningsih  , Endang M Kurnianti  , Uswatuh Hasanah
Published: August 2023

Dalam penelitian ini, tujuan utamanya adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh pembelajaran model webbed terhadap keterampilan menulis siswa kelas rendah sekolah dasar. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut, digunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi literatur. Metode ini melibatkan identifikasi, pengkajian, evaluasi, dan interpretasi terhadap penelitian-penelitian yang sudah ada yang berkaitan dengan pembelajaran model webbed dan keterampilan menulis siswa. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data penelitian yang telah direview memiliki hasil yang signifikan atau memiliki hubungan positif dengan adanya penggunaan pembelajaran model terpadu model webbed yang dapat membangkitkan motivasi siswa untuk memperluas pemahaman dan dapat meningkatkan keterampilan menulis bagi siswa. Efektivitas pembelajaran model webbed juga berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan keterampilan menulis siswa. Peningkatkan yang disebutkan yaitu bahwa pembelajaran menulis dengan bantuan pembelajaran terpadu model webbed yang dilakukan oleh guru terasa lebih menyenangkan karena dengan adanya pembelajaran tersebut siswa terlihat aktif dalam proses belajarnya, termotivasi, dan senang mengikuti pembelajaran di kelas.
ANALISIS PENGGUNAAN VIDEO ANIMASI SEBAGAI MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN TERPADU TERHADAP MOTIVASI BELAJAR SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Nuraeni Winda , Kurnianti Endang , Hasanah Uswatun
Published: August 2023

Masalah yang terjadi akibat lemahnya motivasi belajar yang dapat berdampak negatif terhadap hasil belajar peserta didik seperti malas belajar dan sulit berkonsentrasi. Permasalahan ini dipicu karena kurangnya media pembelajaran serta kondisi pembelajaran yang optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan studi kepustakaan tentang analisis penggunaan video animasi sebagai media pembelajaran terpadu terhadap motivasi belajar siswa Sekolah Dasar. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode library research dengan mengumpulkan sumber-sumber yang relevan dalam 5 tahun terakhir. Temuan dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 10 artikel yang relevan dengan topik judul. Menurut informasi yang diperoleh dari hasil verifikasi artikel-artikel yang telah dianalisis, dapat disimpulkan bahwa media pembelajaran berupa video animasi dianggap sesuai untuk digunakan, direspons baik, dan hasil belajar peserta didik meningkat. Pemanfaatan animasi video ini terbukti mampu meningkatkan semangat dan prestasi belajar peserta didik. Dari banyaknya tanggapan siswa dan guru serta uji validitas yang mengungkapkan bahwa media belajar ini layak digunakan.
ANALISIS MODEL PEMBELAJARAN TERPADU TIPE CONNECTED PADA PEMBELAJARAN IPA TERHADAP LITERASI LINGKUNGAN SISWA DI SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Fitriani Yulia , M. Kurnianti Endang , Hasanah Uswatun
Published: August 2023

Saat ini, lingkungan menjadi masalah internasional yang banyak diperbincangkan dan diperdebatkan. Anak-anak di Sekolah Dasar memiliki tingkat kepedulian lingkungan yang rendah. Penelitian ini mengkaji literatur tentang model pembelajaran terpadu tipe connected yang terkait dengan pembelajaran IPA dan literasi lingkungan siswa sekolah dasar. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan kajian literatur. Salah satu hasil penelitian yang dibahas dalam artikel ini adalah bagaimana literasi lingkungan diterapkan untuk siswa di sekolah dasar. Sumber data penelitian adalah artikel jurnal nasional dari 2018 hingga 2023. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sepuluh artikel sesuai dengan judul. Untuk meningkatkan literasi lingkungan di sekolah dasar, ada beberapa cara yang dapat dilakukan, menurut review artikel yang telah dilakukan. Cara-cara ini termasuk menggunakan media pembelajaran yang menarik, melaksanakan program adiwiyata, dan memberikan pengalaman langsung yang dapat dilakukan baik di dalam maupun di luar kelas. Data yang diperoleh dari hasil validasi artikel yang sudah dianalisis menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran terpadu tipe connected terkait dapat meningkatkan literasi lingkungan.
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MENYELESAIKAN SOAL CERITA MATEMATIKA MENGGUNAKAN GAYA BELAJAR VISUAL PADA SISWA KELAS III SDN PULO GEBANG 06
Authors: Nur Fadhilah  , Aini Risqi Noviyanti  , Dinda Salsabila Putri Soleha  , Nidya Chandra Muji  , Taofik
Published: August 2023

Pembelajaran matematika adalah pembelajaran saintifik yang menggunakan nalar. Gaya belajar visual pembelajaran matematika dasar adalah memperoleh informasi dengan cara melihat informasi itu sendiri. Biasanya ini disajikan dalam warna, gambar, garis, tabel, grafik, simbol, dan diagram yang menarik. Kunci keberhasilan dalam mencapai tujuan pembelajaran yang diharapkan guru hendaknya adalah penggunaan gaya belajar yang tepat. Fakta di lapangan yaitu di SDN Pulo Gebang 06 menunjukkan bahwa guru kurang memperhatikan gaya belajar saat sedang belajar, dan masih banyak siswa yang belum memahami soal matematika berbentuk cerita. Media dan alat peraga yang digunakan juga mengurangi aktivitas siswa untuk mengikuti pembelajaran. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk meningkatkan keterampilan siswa di kelas III SDN Pulo Gebang 06 dalam menyelesaikan soal matematika teks dengan gaya belajar visual. Metode penelitian ini merupakan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) yang meneliti 29 siswa. Berdasarkan hasil analisis diketahui bahwa kemampuan siswa kelas III SDN Pulo Gebang 06 dalam menyelesaikan soal cerita matematika meningkat setiap siklusnya. Pada siklus I ketuntasan kemampuan memecahkan masalah cerita matematika siswa mencapai 23 siswa atau 79,31 %. Kemudian, pada siklus II terjadi peningkatan sebanyak 26 siswa, sehingga 89,66% yang berarti target kelulusan tercapai yang telah ditentukan oleh peneliti.
Managing sharing is caring
Authors: Cino Davide
Published: August 2023

“Sharenting” is a usual habit for families in the digital age. While media outlets describe parents as inattentive and naïve about it, empirical data shows that many of them face digital dilemmas about this practice. Little is known, though, about the reflective practices parents engage in when trying to tackle these dilemmas. To fill this gap, this study explores how a parenting forum can work as an informal reflective and learning site where parents naturally discuss Social Media Dilemmas (SMDs) associated with sharenting. The contribution reports on findings from a thematic analysis of 1,626 posts from 47 discussion threads, where parents sought their peers’ advice and support to deal with these kinds of predicaments, lookingat how these naturally occurring conversations can help parents learn about and make sense of the new challenges posed by the evolving communication ecology in terms of governing their children’s digital footprints.
When we shine, we shine together
Authors: Bull Christiansen Lene , Hedegaard Heiselberg Maj
Published: August 2023

Taking its point of departure in a photoshoot organized by Danish fat activists, this article explores the relationship between activism, social media, and affect. Through a carnivalesque lens (Bahktin, 1984a), the article illustrates how the Fat Photoshoot as a joyful and festive celebration of fat embodiment challenges prevailing social body norms and understandings of the fat body in society. By including the social media aftermath of the event, the article argues that the Fat Photoshoot’s norma- tive upending of fatphobic culture is extended in time and space. By sharing, liking, and re-posting photos from the photoshoot in the following days and months, the article demonstrates how participants re-invoke an affective solidarity (Hemmings, 2012) fostered by the event. Through affective flows on social media, personal expe- rience is placed within a collective and consequently political landscape (Papacha- rissi, 2015), allowing fat activists to not only envision but also make claims for an alternative future for fat bodies.
Personalising Climate Change on Instagram
Authors: Haastrup Helle Kannik
Published: August 2023

This article is a comparative study of how three Danish climate celebrities – an activist, an influencer, and a politician – personalise climate change on Instagram. They engage in personal storytelling about the issue in a way that is closely connected to their public presentation of self and their choice of visual genres. The theoretical framework combines theories of social media aesthetics and publics (Serafinelli, 2018; Papacharissi, 2015), self-presentation (Marshall, 2010), authenticity (Enli, 2015a; Marwick, 2015), and emotion in political communication (Wahl- Jorgensen, 2019). The method is a qualitative case study comparing the three profiles and their overall curational strategy for addressing climate change through particular visual genres and how their personal storytelling is based on performing authenticity, emotion, and connecting with affective publics. The analysis demonstrates how personalising climate change can be performed as coping with climate anxiety, feel-good sustainable consumption, or enthusiastic promotion of Danish green solutions.
Planar Confluent Orthogonal Drawings of 4-Modal Digraphs
Authors: Cornelsen Sabine , Diatzko Gregor
Published: August 2023

In a planar confluent orthogonal drawing (PCOD) of a directed graph
(digraph) vertices are drawn as points in the plane and edges as orthogonal
polylines starting with a vertical segment and ending with a horizontal
segment.
Edges may overlap in their first or last segment, but must not intersect
otherwise.
PCODs can be seen as a directed variant of Kandinsky drawings or as
planar L-drawings of subdivisions of digraphs.
The maximum number of subdivision vertices in any edge is then the
split complexity.
A PCOD is upward if each edge is drawn with monotonically
increasing y-coordinates and quasi-upward if no edge starts with
decreasing y-coordinates.
We study the split complexity of PCODs and (quasi-)upward PCODs for
various classes of graphs.
The Complexity of Angular Resolution
Authors: Schaefer Marcus
Published: August 2023

The angular resolution of a straight-line drawing of a graph is the smallest angle formed by any two edges incident to a vertex. The angular resolution of a graph is the supremum of the angular resolutions of all straight-line drawings of the graph. We show that testing whether a graph has angular resolution at least $\pi/(2k)$ is complete for $\exists\mathbb{R}$, the existential theory of the reals, for every fixed $k \geq 2$. This remains true if the graph is planar and a plane embedding of the graph is fixed.
Ekonomiczne, społeczne i geopolityczne uwarunkowania ruchu granicznego = Economic, social and geopolitical conditioning of the cross-border traffic
Authors:   Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Geografii i Przestrzennego Zagospodarowania im. Stanisława Leszczyckiego., Komornicki Tomasz , Wiśniewski Rafał ,   Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Geografii i Przestrzennego Zagospodarowania im. Stanisława Leszczyckiego, Szejgiec-Kolenda Barbara ,   Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Geografii i Przestrzennego Zagospodarowania im. Stanisława Leszczyckiego., Ciołek Dorota
Published: August 2023

The primary objective of the present monograph is to determine the causes and to obtain the model-based generalization of the long-term variability as to the magnitude and structure of the traffic of persons across the boundaries of Poland, in dependence upon the economic, social and geopolitical variables, as well as those associated with the development of infrastructure. This primary objective was achieved through realization of the partial objectives, having complementary cognitive, methodological, theoretical, and also to some extent applied character. The partial objectives were constituted by: — assessment of trends in cross-border traffic (magnitudes and structures) in the years 1990‑2020 based on the observed data, acquired from the Border Guards (in the division into Schengen boundaries – analysis for the years 1990‑2007, and the eastern boundary – analysis for the years 1990‑2020); — assessment of dependence between, on the one hand, the trends in the magnitude and structure of the cross-border traffic, and, on the other hand, the variables, representing the economic, social, geopolitical and infrastructural development situation in Poland and in the neighboring countries, as well as the variables illustrating the intensity of the transboundary socio-economic interactions; — assessment of changes in the international mobility of Poles; — development of a formalized model of changes in cross-border traffic as dependent upon the variables considered; — identification and conceptualization of the observed transformations in the international spatial mobility; — formulation of the theoretical generalizations, explaining the variability in the intensity and structure of the cross-border traffic and their relations to the existing body of knowledge in this domain.
Ion momentum distributions from sequential double ionization of Ar in elliptically polarized laser fields
Authors: Liao Jian-Ying , He Tong-Tong , Su Jie , Liu Zi-Chao , Li Ying-Bin , Yu Ben-Hai , Huang Cheng ,   Chongqing City Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Structure Optoelectronics, School of Physical Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China,   College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, China
Published: August 2023

In this paper, we utilize a classical ensemble model with Heisenberg-core potential to study sequential double ionization (SDI) of Ar atom by an elliptically polarized laser field. The results show that for random laser phases, as the laser wavelength increases, the ion momentum distribution gradually evolves from a six-band structure at 800 nm to an eight-band structure at 1600 nm. When the laser phase is stable, the ion momentum distribution from 1600 nm laser field exhibits a ten-band structure. These multi-band structures directly reflect the subcycle ionization dynamics of electrons in an elliptically polarized laser field. There is a significant shift among the outer three bands of ion momentum distrbutions from different laser phases, which leads to the fact that only one band is observed in the outer region of the ion momentum distribution for the case of random laser phases. By analyzing the ionization times of the two electrons, it is found that for the case of random phases, the inner bands of the ion momentum distributions originate from those combinations of electron ionization bursts with the ionization time difference of 0.5 cycle, and the outer bands arise from those combinations of ionization bursts with the ionization time difference of 1, 2 and 3 cycles. For 800 nm, the middle band corresponds to those combinations of ionization bursts with the ionization time differences of 1.5 and 2.5 cycles. For 1600 nm, there are two bands in middle regime. One is from the combination with the ionization time difference of 1.5 cycles, and the other is from those combinations with the ionization time difference of 2.5 and 3.5 cycles. These results indicate that in the case of long wavelength and phase-stable laser, the subcycle dynamics in sequential double ionization of atoms is more likely to be observed.
Carrier ladder effect regulated dissociation and scattering of triplet excitons in OLED
Authors: Bao Xi , Guan Yun-Xia , Li Wan-Jiao , Song Jia-Yi , Chen Li-Jia , Xu Shuang , Peng Ke-Ao , Niu Lian-Bin ,   Chongqing Key Laboratory of Optical Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Functional Materials, College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 400715, China
Published: August 2023

Triplet exciton-charge interaction (TQI) has two forms: dissociation and scattering, However, it is still unclear how the hole injection layer affects the dissociation and scattering of triplet excition and the transition between positive and negative values of magneto-conductance (MC). In this paper, HAT-CN, which can produce carrier ladder effect, is used as hole injection layer (HIL), and magnetic effect is used as a tool to study it. The results show that there are three characteristic magnetic fields in the device: hyperfine, dissociation and scattering, which are verified by fitting the MC with Lorentzian and non-Lorentzian functions. The hyperfine characteristic magnetic field results from the magnetic field suppressing superfine field-induced charge-spin mixing. With the enhancement of magnetic field, hole injection layer/hole transport layer interface produces carrier ladder effect, which improves the hole injection efficiency. The triplet excitions are separated by the hole, then the secondary carriers are produced, which makes the device’s luminous brightness and efficiency reach to 43210 cd/m2 and 9.8 cd/A, respectively. The carrier ladder effect will also lead to a large accumulation of injected charges, resulting in the scattering of charge carriers by triplet excition, thereby reducing their mobility, which is not conducive to the formation of excited states nor device luminescence. The MC is modulated by KS/KT (recombination rate ratio), and when the electric field is small \begin{document}$ {K}_{{\rm{S}}}\gg {K}_{{\rm{T}}} $\end{document}, the recombination ratio is relatively large, resulting in positive MC. With the increase of electric field \begin{document}$ {K}_{{\rm{S}}}\approx {K}_{{\rm{T}}}=K$\end{document}, KS/KT approaches 1 at this time, resulting in an MC, which is negative in a low temperature environment. This work provides a novel approach for regulating and effectively utilizing triplet excitons.
Inferential eye movement control while following dynamic gaze
Authors: Han Nicole Xiao , Eckstein Miguel Patricio
Published: August 2023

Attending to other people’s gaze is evolutionary important to make inferences about intentions and actions. Gaze influences covert attention and triggers eye movements. However, we know little about how the brain controls the fine-grain dynamics of eye movements during gaze following. Observers followed people’s gaze shifts in videos during search and we related the observer eye movement dynamics to the time course of gazer head movements extracted by a deep neural network. We show that the observers’ brains use information in the visual periphery to execute predictive saccades that anticipate the information in the gazer’s head direction by 190–350ms. The brain simultaneously monitors moment-to-moment changes in the gazer’s head velocity to dynamically alter eye movements and re-fixate the gazer (reverse saccades) when the head accelerates before the initiation of the first forward gaze-following saccade. Using saccade-contingent manipulations of the videos, we experimentally show that the reverse saccades are planned concurrently with the first forward gaze-following saccade and have a functional role in reducing subsequent errors fixating on the gaze goal. Together, our findings characterize the inferential and functional nature of social attention’s fine-grain eye movement dynamics.
Hunger- and thirst-sensing neurons modulate a neuroendocrine network to coordinate sugar and water ingestion
Authors: González-Segarra Amanda J. , Pontes Gina , Jourjine Nicholas , Toro Alexander Del , Scott Kristin
Published: August 2023

Consumption of food and water is tightly regulated by the nervous system to maintain internal nutrient homeostasis. Although generally considered independently, interactions between hunger and thirst drives are important to coordinate competing needs. In
Drosophila
, four neurons called the Interoceptive Subesophageal zone Neurons (ISNs) respond to intrinsic hunger and thirst signals to oppositely regulate sucrose and water ingestion. Here, we investigate the neural circuit downstream of the ISNs to examine how ingestion is regulated based on internal needs. Utilizing the recently available fly brain connectome, we find that the ISNs synapse with a novel cell type Bilateral T-shaped neuron (BiT) that projects to neuroendocrine centers.
In vivo
neural manipulations revealed that BiT oppositely regulates sugar and water ingestion. Neuroendocrine cells downstream of ISNs include several peptide-releasing and peptide-sensing neurons, including insulin producing cells (IPC), crustacean cardioactive peptide (CCAP) neurons, and CCHamide-2 receptor isoform RA (CCHa2R-RA) neurons. These neurons contribute differentially to ingestion of sugar and water, with IPCs and CCAP neurons oppositely regulating sugar and water ingestion, and CCHa2R-RA neurons modulating only water ingestion. Thus, the decision to consume sugar or water occurs via regulation of a broad peptidergic network that integrates internal signals of nutritional state to generate nutrient-specific ingestion.
What fraction of cellular DNA turnover becomes cfDNA?
Authors: Sender Ron , Noor Elad , Milo Ron , Dor Yuval
Published: August 2023

Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) tests use small amounts of DNA in the bloodstream as biomarkers. While it is thought that cfDNA is largely released by dying cells, the proportion of dying cells' DNA that reaches the bloodstream is unknown. Here, we integrate estimates of cellular turnover rates to calculate the expected amount of cfDNA. By comparing this to the actual amount of cell type-specific cfDNA, we estimate the proportion of DNA reaching plasma as cfDNA. We demonstrate that <10% of the DNA from dying cells is detectable in plasma, and the ratios of measured to expected cfDNA levels vary a thousand-fold among cell types, often reaching well below 0.1%. The analysis suggests that local clearance, presumably via phagocytosis, takes up most of the dying cells' DNA. Insights into the underlying mechanism may help to understand the physiological significance of cfDNA and improve the sensitivity of liquid biopsies.
Improved inference of population histories by integrating genomic and epigenomic data
Authors: Sellinger Thibaut , Johannes Frank , Tellier Aurélien
Published: August 2023

With the availability of high-quality full genome polymorphism (SNPs) data, it becomes feasible to study the past demographic and selective history of populations in exquisite detail. However, such inferences still suffer from a lack of statistical resolution for recent, for example bottlenecks, events, and/or for populations with small nucleotide diversity. Additional heritable (epi)genetic markers, such as indels, transposable elements, microsatellites, or cytosine methylation, may provide further, yet untapped, information on the recent past population history. We extend the Sequential Markovian Coalescent (SMC) framework to jointly use SNPs and other hyper-mutable markers. We are able to (1) improve the accuracy of demographic inference in recent times, (2) uncover past demographic events hidden to SNP-based inference methods, and (3) infer the hyper-mutable marker mutation rates under a finite site model. As a proof of principle, we focus on demographic inference in Arabidopsis thaliana using DNA methylation diversity data from 10 European natural accessions. We demonstrate that segregating single methylated polymorphisms (SMPs) satisfy the modeling assumptions of the SMC framework, while differentially methylated regions (DMRs) are not suitable as their length exceeds that of the genomic distance between two recombination events. Combining SNPs and SMPs while accounting for site- and region-level epimutation processes, we provide new estimates of the glacial age bottleneck and post-glacial population expansion of the European A. thaliana population. Our SMC framework readily accounts for a wide range of heritable genomic markers, thus paving the way for next-generation inference of evolutionary history by combining information from several genetic and epigenetic markers.
Mechanically stimulated osteocytes maintain tumor dormancy in bone metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer by releasing small extracellular vesicles
Authors: Xie Jing , Xu Yafei , Liu Xuhua , Long Li , Chen Ji , Huang Chunyan , Shao Yan , Cai Zhiqing , Zhang Zhimin , Zhou Ruixin , Leng Jiarong , Bai Xiaochun , Song Qiancheng
Published: August 2023

Although preclinical and clinical studies have shown that exercise can inhibit bone metastasis progression, the mechanism remains poorly understood. Here, we found that non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells adjacent to bone tissue had a much lower proliferative capacity than the surrounding tumor cells in patients and mice. Subsequently, it was demonstrated that osteocytes, sensing mechanical stimulation generated by exercise, inhibit NSCLC cell proliferation and sustain the dormancy thereof by releasing small extracellular vesicles with tumor suppressor micro-RNAs, such as miR-99b-3p. Furthermore, we evaluated the effects of mechanical loading and treadmill exercise on the bone metastasis progression of NSCLC in mice. As expected, mechanical loading of the tibia inhibited the bone metastasis progression of NSCLC. Notably, bone metastasis progression of NSCLC was inhibited by moderate exercise, and combinations with zoledronic acid had additive effects. Moreover, exercise preconditioning effectively suppressed bone metastasis progression. This study significantly advances the understanding of the mechanism underlying exercise-afforded protection against bone metastasis progression.
LRRC23 truncation impairs radial spoke 3 head assembly and sperm motility underlying male infertility
Authors: Hwang Jae Yeon , Chai Pengxin , Nawaz Shoaib , Choi Jungmin , Lopez-Giraldez Francesc , Hussain Shabir , Bilguvar Kaya , Mane Shrikant , Lifton Richard P , Ahmad Wasim , Zhang Kai , Chung Jean-Ju
Published: August 2023

Radial spokes (RS) are T-shaped multiprotein complexes on the axonemal microtubules. Repeated RS1, RS2, and RS3 couple the central pair to modulate ciliary and flagellar motility. Despite the cell type specificity of RS3 substructures, their molecular components remain largely unknown. Here, we report that a leucine-rich repeat-containing protein, LRRC23, is an RS3 head component essential for its head assembly and flagellar motility in mammalian spermatozoa. From infertile male patients with defective sperm motility, we identified a splice site variant of LRRC23. A mutant mouse model mimicking this variant produces a truncated LRRC23 at the C-terminus that fails to localize to the sperm tail, causing male infertility due to defective sperm motility. LRRC23 was previously proposed to be an ortholog of the RS stalk protein RSP15. However, we found that purified recombinant LRRC23 interacts with an RS head protein RSPH9, which is abolished by the C-terminal truncation. Evolutionary and structural comparison also shows that LRRC34, not LRRC23, is the RSP15 ortholog. Cryo-electron tomography clearly revealed that the absence of the RS3 head and the sperm-specific RS2-RS3 bridge structure in LRRC23 mutant spermatozoa. Our study provides new insights into the structure and function of RS3 in mammalian spermatozoa and the molecular pathogenicity of LRRC23 underlying reduced sperm motility in infertile human males.
Inflammasomes primarily restrict cytosolic Salmonella replication within human macrophages
Authors: Egan Marisa S. , O’Rourke Emily A. , Mageswaran Shrawan Kumar , Zuo Biao , Martynyuk Inna , Demissie Tabitha , Hunter Emma N. , Bass Antonia R. , Chang Yi-Wei , Brodsky Igor E. , Shin Sunny
Published: August 2023

Salmonella enterica
serovar Typhimurium is a facultative intracellular pathogen that utilizes its type III secretion systems (T3SSs) to inject virulence factors into the host cell and colonize the host. In turn, a subset of cytosolic immune receptors respond to T3SS ligands by forming multimeric signaling complexes called inflammasomes, which activate caspases that induce interleukin-1 (IL-1) family cytokine release and an inflammatory form of cell death called pyroptosis. Human macrophages mount a multifaceted inflammasome response to
Salmonella
infection that ultimately restricts intracellular bacterial replication. However, how inflammasomes restrict
Salmonella
replication remains unknown. We find that caspase-1 is essential for mediating inflammasome responses to
Salmonella
and subsequent restriction of bacterial replication within human macrophages, with caspase-4 contributing as well. We also demonstrate that the downstream pore-forming protein gasdermin D (GSDMD) and ninjurin-1 (NINJ1), a mediator of terminal cell lysis, play a role in controlling
Salmonella
replication in human macrophages. Notably, in the absence of inflammasome responses, we observed hyperreplication of
Salmonella
within the cytosol of infected cells, and we also observed increased bacterial replication within vacuoles, suggesting that inflammasomes control
Salmonella
replication primarily within the cytosol and also within vacuoles. These findings reveal that inflammatory caspases and pyroptotic factors mediate inflammasome responses that restrict the subcellular localization of intracellular
Salmonella
replication within human macrophages.
Innovative Photovoltaic Translucent Components for the Building Envelope
Authors: Corrao Rossella , Morini Marco , Pastore Luisa
Published: August 2023

International directives that regulates buildings energy efficiency and environmental sustainability establish strict parameters for the construction of a new generation of “Zero Energy Buildings” indicating transmittance limits for building envelope components and encouraging the use of renewable sources. In this sense, the PV sector aims at the definition of novel efficient solutions for the integration in the building envelope, standing out for their multifunctional features. After an overview on the main PV technologies and building integrated applications, focusing on semi-transparent envelope solutions, the paper shows the results of a research that is being carried out at the Department of Architecture of the University of Palermo, aimed to define innovative solutions for the construction of photovoltaic and energy efficient translucent building envelopes. In particular, the research focuses on the optimization of glassblock panels in terms of thermal insulation, light transmittance, energy production and mechanical resistance. New configurations of glassblock were designed in order to reduce its U value and integrate 3rd generation PV technologies for the production of green energy. Furthermore, a dry assembly system has been designed for the construction of translucent prestressed panels made of DSC integrated glassblocks that are able to guarantee high levels of resistance to horizontal actions and to build translucent, photovoltaic and efficient building envelopes even in dry, tropical and temperate areas or in unfavourable light conditions.
Carbon Nanotube Field Effect Transistors Based Low THD and Noise-Immune Double Stage Differential Amplifier for Nanoelectronics
Authors: Biswas Subrata , Kundu Poly , Kabir Hasnat , Islam Moidul , Ahmed Sagir , Aditi Nadia Islam
Published: August 2023

Double Stage Differential Amplifier comprises many advantages by operating differential inputs. It provides excellent immunity to external noise which is certainly a flawless advantage for low-power devices and also reduces Low-Order Harmonics (LOH). This paper presents the design of a double stage differential amplifier using Carbon Nanotube Field Effect Transistors (CNTFETs). The key approach of the proposed design is to reduce the Total Harmonic Distortion (THD), Low-Order Harmonics (LOH), output delay and to achieve a high trans-conductance gain, gm. The paper also carries the significant comparisons between conventional differential amplifier and the proposed design. Both circuits have been simulated by using HSPICE model of CNTFET. The optimized threshold voltage is 0.309V and given bias is 1V only. The Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and Fourier analysis also shows an outstanding result compared to the conventional one. Moreover, the output voltage is closely zero at common-mode operation which yields a very high Common-Mode Rejection Ratio (CMRR). From the analysis in both common-mode and differential-mode inputs the proposed design was proven to be robustly noise-immune.
Deliverability of Wells in Shallow Confined Aquifers of Non-Integer Spatial Dimensions
Authors: Jelmert Tom Aage
Published: August 2023

We propose a generalized methodology to predict the deliverability of wells in fractional drainage areas. A fractional model is characterized by a single term power-law variation of the rock properties. Such a model may provide a more realistic alternative than the traditional homogeneous reservoir model. For example, the traditional models may not be applicable for sparse fracture networks. We assume the validity of the fractional model and find that the homogeneous solution is included in the generalized model as a special case. Simultaneous solution of the reservoir- and vertical lift equation leads to an algebraic equation of second degree. Hence, the prediction of the flow rate delivered into a pipe-line at any pressure is easily available. We investigate the sensitivity of the flow rate to variations in wellbore head, reservoir and flow string properties.
Effects of Fly Ash, Silica Fume, and Ground-Granulated Blast Slag on Properties of Self-Compacting High Strength Lightweight Concrete
Authors: Yehia Sherif , Farrag Sharef , Helal Kareem , El-Kalie Shahinaz
Published: August 2023

In this paper, the effect of utilizing Fly ash (FA), Silica fume (SF), Ground granulated blast slag (GGBS), and various combinations of them is assessed. Their effect on the fresh stage and mechanical properties of Self-compacting Lightweight Concrete (SCCLWC) is investigated and compared to a control mix without Supplementary Cementitious Materials (SCMs). Flowability, compressive strength, and flexural strength were the main criteria considered in the evaluation. Moreover, the applicability of the ACI 318 reduction factor (λ) for flexural strength was assessed for all mixes to capture the effect of various SCMs based on the lower and upper limits of the proposed ACI 318 equation. Results from the evaluation show that SF greatly improved the compressive strength and GGBS increased flexural strength of SCCLWC. However, SF reduces the flowability of SCCLWC. Equally important, FA achieved the lowest increase in compressive strength compared to the control mix. Furthermore, the λ value of 0.85 proposed by ACI 318 for sand-lightweight provides a good estimate of LWC properties even when different SCMs are utilized. However, fly ash can affect the λ value at early age.
The Acoustical Performances of Oyster Shell Waste Based Green Concrete Materials
Authors: Setyowati Erni , Hardiman Gagoek
Published: August 2023

Research on green materials are continuously carried out by researchers, starting with research on middle-low income housing near the airport suffered by airport noise [1]. The orientation of housing facing the runway will have the biggest sound levels [2,3]. Efforts to control noise at middle-low housing annoyed by the noise will be more effective if housing uses a material that can absorb the sound. Therefore, this research is a part of a whole mapping research on housings noise control solution as a material which needs to be layered by another absorber material. Oyster shells in this research have function as cement substitution and provide aesthetic value on concrete materials. Types of shells observed in this research are: green mussels (Perna viridis Linn), blood clams (Anadara granosa Linn) and scallops (Placuna placenta Linn). All three shells were selected as samples in this study because it has a beautiful shell colors as well as having an acoustic performances.
Development of Solid and Hollow Geopolymer Masonry Blocks
Authors: Venugopal K , Radhakrishna
Published: August 2023

Cement masonry units are not considered as
sustainable due to consumption of fuel, cement and natural
resources. It is essential to find alternatives. This paper reports
about making of Geopolymers solid and hollow blocks and
masonry prisms and wallets using non conventional materials
like fly ash, ground granulated blast furnace slag and
manufacture sand which were cured in ambient temperature.
They were tested for water absorption, initial rate of water
absorption, dry density, dimensionality, compressive, flexural,
and bond-strength. Also they were tested with and without lateral
confinement, modulus of elasticity, alternative drying and
wetting test and to masonry efficiency. It was found that the
properties of geopolymer blocks were superior to the traditional
masonry blocks. Masonry efficiency increases with decrease in
thickness of the cement mortar joints. There was marginal
difference in strength between rendered and unrendered
geopolymer masonry blocks. The percentage of weight gain after
7 cycles was less than 6%. The percentage of reduction in
strength of geopolymer solid block and hollow blocks were 26%
and 28 respectively. It is observed that the average compressive
strength of the axially loaded and eccentrically loaded wallets for
the solid blocks was 2.07 and 1.87 MPa and hollow blocks was
2.31 and 1.95 MPa respectively. These properties are
comparatively better than the traditional masonry Hence
geopolymer blocks can be recommended for structural masonry.
Paving the Way: The Journey towards Culturally Responsive Teaching for Teacher Educators and Teachers
Authors: Reynolds Teresa M. , Cain Beverlyn , Manarino-Leggett Priscilla
Published: August 2023

American public schools are becoming increasingly diverse. There are ongoing demographic changes across the nation and globalization efforts necessitate the development of a more profound cognizance of culture as a concept and as a means for creating equitable opportunities and environments for learning in our schools. School administrators and in-service teachers become more adept at recognizing and addressing the variances in culture within our classrooms, but pre-service teachers must also have opportunities to explore and observe the concept of Culturally Responsive Teaching. The aim of this article is to explain how a Department of Elementary Education approached the issue of Culturally Responsive Teaching through professional development opportunities for faculty, pre-service teachers and in-service teachers. The article describes a model used for professional development that can be adapted to help teacher educators increase their level of understanding regarding culturally responsive teaching. The CASKS assessment taken by participants prior to the presentation showed negligible levels of understanding or skills regarding Culturally Responsive Teaching by pre-service teachers, in-service educators (including administrators) and university faculty members alike. The professional development activities provided educators with research, modeling and instructional design practice regarding Culturally Responsive Teaching. Participants completed the CASKS assessment again after completing all professional development activities. The results showed an increase in understanding and skills, while the comments showed a positive attitudinal response regarding the need for more training on Culturally Responsive Teaching.
Just-in-Time Teaching Visual Instruction for Cohort base Interactive Learning For Engineering Course
Authors: Teo T. Hui
Published: August 2023

Active learning tool – Just-in-time Teaching (JiTT) is enhanced with visual instruction and lesson plan in this action research based teaching and learning pedagogy research in engineering course that is Circuits. The JiTT was planed one year ahead to identify and gather the necessary topics for JiTT. The topics were carefully analyzed and visual instruction is found to be a better way for the content delivery during second time the Circuits course was delivered. A JiTT based lesson plan was also proposed and implemented in the Circuits course instead of the structured lesson plan. The observation shows JiTT with visual instruction and JiTT lesson plan has improved the course satisfaction, students’ learning experience, and also reduced the teaching resources.