Intellectual labour — physiology, hygiene, medicine: retrospective and modern fundamental research
Authors: Eryomin Alexei L. , Zibarev Evgeny V. 
Published: December 2020

The transition to a postindustrial society, change of civilizations and new challenges require both in-depth study of current status on basic research morpho-physiology of natural intelligence, a broad discussion and formulation of strategies by the academic community, and the development of new scientific and applied approaches of optimization of intellectual activity, defining preventive trends for mental, physical and social well-being. The aim of study is to analyze multi-factor retrospective and modern fundamental research to identify possible predicted changes in the directions of knowledge search, such as the phenomenon of intelligence in purposeful, conscious human activity aimed at meeting the needs of the individual and society, and trends in the study of intellectual labor in physiology, hygiene and medicine. The analysis of modern generally accepted semantics according to the documents of WHO, ILO, ISO, and Russian legislation is carried out. Based on the analysis of the main stages and discoveries of structural and functional elements of the natural intellectual system over 26 centuries of the history of neuroscience and other knowledge systems related to intellectual labour. Parameters, measurement standards, and limits that are important for intellectual activity are defined. Modern methods of studying intelligence and optimizing intellectual activity are analyzed. In the modern conceptual apparatus: knowledge worker, when working performs intellectual functions (ICF, WHO), which are related to brain health (WHO), mental loads, strain, stress (ISO), can lead to mental and behavioral disorders (ILO), are associated with the results of intellectual activity (Civil Code of the Russian Federation) and intellectual product (Labour Code of the Russian Federation). To date, the paradigms of wiring, neurobiological, informational, connectome, and noogenesis are developing in the study of intelligence. The factors of the working environment can be influenced by the general strategy for the development of the information society and the digital economy, digital taylorism, the development of addictions and the "enslavement of people by the Internet". In intellectual activity, the following are important: information speed (from 100 m/s to 300 million m/s); the volume of information produced and transmitted, its quality and usefulness of content; cooperation between a person and the world wide web connection (from 150 to 1 trillion connections). New research methods, including fMRI, CT, MEG, TES, PET, TMS, etc., are shaping the paradigm shift in the study of intelligence. with the determination of the localization of intellectual functions in the brain. Developing predictive trends include information hygiene, hygiene of nutrition of the brain and noopharmacology. Analysis of the fundamental foundations of intelligence and the evolution of its parameters, along with new research methods, can be useful for predicting scientific hypotheses and trends in studying the features of intellectual labor in physiology, hygiene, and medicine. Strategies for the development of the information (I) society, standards for I-measuring, the phenomena of I-boom, I-overload, and I-pollution, along with the appearance of I-dependent pathologies, form the relevance of the development of I-ecology and I-hygiene. It is advisable to develop sanitary rules and hygienic recommendations for the organization of IT processes.