bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The construction of a sandwich structured Co3O4@C@PPy electrode for improving pseudocapacitive storage
Authors: Guo Di , Zhang Mingyue , Chen Zhi , Liu Xiao-Xia
Published: September 2018

The fabrication of sandwich structural CO3O4@C@PPy electrode for improving rate capability and areal capacitance.
Inversion domain boundaries in MoSe2 layers
Authors: Truong Quang Duc , Hung Nguyen Tuan , Nakayasu Yuta , Nayuki Keiichiro , Sasaki Yoshikazu , Murukanahally Kempaiah Devaraju , Yin Li-Chang , Tomai Takaaki , Saito Riichiro , Honma Itaru
Published: September 2018

Structural defects, including point defects, dislocation and planar defects, significantly affect the physical and chemical properties of low-dimensional materials, such as layered compounds.
A novel Sm3+ singly doped LiCa3ZnV3O12 phosphor: a potential luminescent material for multifunctional applications
Authors: Guo Heng , Devakumar Balaji , Vijayakumar R. , Du Peng , Huang Xiaoyong
Published: September 2018

Sm3+ ion singly doped LiCa3ZnV3O12 phosphors were developed for multifunctional applications in indoor illumination, optical thermometry, and safety signs.
Multi-compositional hierarchical nanostructured Ni3S2@MoSx/NiO electrodes for enhanced electrocatalytic hydrogen generation and energy storage
Authors: Lim Kane Jian Hong , Yilmaz Gamze , Lim Yee-Fun , Ho Ghim Wei
Published: September 2018

A facile one-step hydrothermal strategy to synthesize multi-compositional hierarchical nanostructured electrodes for energy conversion and storage.
Fabrication of SPAEK–cerium zirconium oxide nanotube composite membrane with outstanding performance and durability for vanadium redox flow batteries
Authors: Hossain Syed Imdadul , Aziz Md. Abdul , Han Dabin , Selvam Parasuraman , Shanmugam Sangaraju
Published: September 2018

Ce2Zr2O7 nanotube in SPAEK block copolymer enhance ion selectivity and VRFB performance. The self-discharge time of SPAEK/Ce2Zr2O7 membrane was higher than pristine SPAEK and NRE-212 membrane.
The temperature range and optical properties of the liquid crystalline blue phase in inverse opal structures
Authors: Zhang Yuxian , Zhao Weidong , Yu Yongbo , Yang Zhou , He Wanli , Cao Hui , Wang Dong
Published: September 2018

A liquid crystal device was developed by infiltrating a blue phase liquid crystal (BPLC) in three-dimensional SiO2 inverse opal (IOP) structures, of which the BP temperature range and electro-optical performance were investigated.
High-performance thermal and electrical conductive composites from multilayer plastic packaging waste and expanded graphite
Authors: Yang Shuangqiao , Li Wenzhi , Bai Shibing , Wang Qi
Published: September 2018

High-performance thermal conductive and electromagnetic interference shielding composites from multilayer plastic packaging waste and expanded graphite.
Oxygen vacancy regulation and its high frequency response mechanism in microwave ceramics
Authors: Zhang Bowen , Li Lingxia , Luo Weijia
Published: September 2018

This article reports a new research method for oxygen vacancy regulation in microwave ceramics and its high frequency response mechanism.
Electric field–temperature phase diagrams for (Bi1/2Na1/2)TiO3–BaTiO3–(K1/2Na1/2)NbO3 relaxor ceramics
Authors: Shi Xi , Kumar Nitish , Hoffman Mark
Published: September 2018

Addition of KNN to BNT–BT moves the phase diagram to lower temperatures while introduced oxygen vacancies move it to higher temperatures.
Characterisation of the bacterial biosensor GMG in E‐coli BL21 (DE3)
Authors: Rajasabhai Rashmi , Go Maybelle Kho , Shan Yew Wen
Published: September 2018

In this work, a gold biosensor has been constructed and characterised in Escherichia coli (E. coli). Though gold biosensors have been previously reported, a NOT gate gold biosensing genetic circuit was constructed using an orthogonal inverter system as an alternative to a circuit where output is contingent solely on input. This enables the detection of changes in gold concentration whereby circuit remains OFF in presence of inducer and ON in absence of inducer. The proposed biosensor is an alternative to conventional forms of gold detection such as Inductively Coupled Plasma‐Mass Spectrometry (ICP‐MS). The constructed biosensor is a collection of components – golTSB operon (isolated from Salmonella enterica), mf‐Lon protease (isolated from Mesoplasma florum) and associated ssrA degradation tag with GFP acting as a reporter. The minimum time and concentration required by the biosensor gol‐mflon‐GFP (GMG) to achieve the ON output is characterised here using plate reader data derived from a single multi‐stage assay.
Mapping the current flow in sacral nerve stimulation using computational modelling
Authors: Yousif Nada , Vaizey Carolynne J. , Maeda Yasuko
Published: September 2018

Sacral nerve stimulation (SNS) is an established treatment for faecal incontinence involving the implantation of a quadripolar electrode into a sacral foramen, through which an electrical stimulus is applied. Little is known about the induced spread of electric current around the SNS electrode and its effect on adjacent tissues, which limits optimisation of this treatment. The authors constructed a 3‐dimensional imaging based finite element model in order to calculate and visualise the stimulation induced current and coupled this to biophysical models of nerve fibres. They investigated the impact of tissue inhomogeneity, electrode model choice and contact configuration and found a number of effects. (i) The presence of anatomical detail changes the estimate of stimulation effects in size and shape. (ii) The difference between the two models of electrodes is minimal for electrode contacts of the same length. (iii) Surprisingly, in this arrangement of electrode and neural fibre, monopolar and bipolar stimulation induce a similar effect. (iv) Interestingly when the active contact is larger, the volume of tissue activated reduces. This work establishes a protocol to better understand both therapeutic and adverse stimulation effects and in the future will enable patient‐specific adjustments of stimulation parameters.
Transceiver design for multiple‐input multiple‐output full‐duplex amplify‐and‐forward relay communication systems
Authors: Shao Yunlong , Dai Yongyu , Aaron Gulliver Thomas , Dong Xiaodai
Published: September 2018

This study examines the linear source and relay precoder and destination combiner design for multiple‐input multiple‐output full‐duplex (FD) relay communication systems. The effect of the residual interference due to the imperfect loop interference cancellation is considered in the design. Two design algorithms are proposed to minimise the mean squared error of the received signal at the destination. The first is a tri‐step alternating iterative algorithm while the second is a bi‐step iterative algorithm, which has lower complexity and performance comparable to that of the first algorithm. The convergence of these algorithms is evaluated. Results are presented, which show that the proposed FD relay system can provide approximately double the achievable rate of the corresponding half‐duplex system if the residual interference is not high.
Optimised approach for VNF embedding in NFV
Authors: Yi Bo , Wang Xingwei , Huang Min
Published: September 2018

The Virtual Network Function (VNF) embedding problem is important for service provision in the context of Network Function Virtualisation (NFV). However, this problem is proved to be NP‐hard and challenging, and requires to be explored further. In this study, the authors first formulate it as an Integer Linear Programming (ILP) model for optimal solutions. Then, to compensate for the high running time of solving the ILP model, they propose a heuristic approach which fulfils the embedding process by jointly taking the global network connectivity and the local substrate node capacity into consideration. The simulation on real‐world network topologies demonstrates that the proposed approach can provide solutions within 1.7 times of the optimal solution offered by ILP. In addition, the experiments also suggest that the proposed approach can provide up to 2.75 times reduction in the overall cost than the other benchmarks.
Affine invariant fusion feature extraction based on geometry descriptor and BIT for object recognition
Authors: Yu Lingli , Xia Xumei , Zhou Kiajun , Zhao Lijun
Published: September 2018

It is difficult to recognise an image with affine transformation due to viewing angle anddistance variations. Therefore, affine invariant feature extraction is avaluable technology in the field of image recognition. Inspired by bio‐visualmechanism, an affine invariant for object recognition method based on a fusionfeature framework is proposed in this study, which employs geometry descriptorand double biologically inspired transformation (DBIT). First, a shape featureof interest detector is adopted to detect contour features. Then, the areaestimation of affine region detector is utilised to construct area ratio featurevectors. Second, an orientation edge detector is built to highlight the edges ofdifferent directions. On this basis, local space frequency detector is adoptedto measure the spatial frequency at each direction and interval, which convertsthe output map into DBIT feature vectors. A weighted fusion strategy isperformed based on Pearson correlation distance to fuse the geometry feature andDBIT feature. Some tests for Alphanumeric, Coil‐100 MPEG‐7, Mixed NationalInstitute of Standards and Technology (MNIST) and Olivetti Research Laboratoryface images database (ORL) database remain highly stable recognition accuracy,even when the shear factor is between −0.5 and  + 0.5. The experiment resultsshow the authors’ proposed approach has a nice performance in featureinvariance, selectivity and recognition accuracy.
Self‐adaptation load change control strategy for three‐phase staggered parallel LLC resonant converter
Authors: Xingtian Feng , Manman Wan , Yuanyuan Tao , Kang Shao
Published: September 2018

The resonant frequency of LLC resonant converter has a wide range of switching frequency due to load changes and it easily enters high frequency band during light load and no‐load conditions. Therefore, this study proposes a self‐adaptation load change control strategy. According to different load conditions, the converter automatically selects the best control mode among three control methods, which are pulse‐frequency modulation, symmetrical pulse‐width modulation and burst. By fully utilising the characteristics of the load‐independent point in the gain curve and the relationship between the resonant current and the load, the switching conditions between the control strategies are further designed and optimised. In addition, based on the adaptive load change control strategy, the design value of k (the ratio of the excitation inductor to the resonant inductance of the transformer) is increased, which solved the disadvantage of large change of the switch range. And the converter can not only effectively control the output voltage during light load, but also works in the soft‐switching state, which can improve the working efficiency of the converter to above 91%. Finally, taking a three‐phase staggered parallel LLC resonant converter as the research object, an experimental prototype was developed based on SiC devices to verify the correctness and rationality of the proposed control strategy.
Adaptive backstepping approach for dc‐side controllers of Z‐source inverters in grid‐tied PV system applications
Authors: Vu Phuong , Nguyen Quan , Tran Minh , Todeschini Grazia , Santoso Surya
Published: September 2018

Z‐source inverters (ZSIs) are single‐stage power converters with both voltage buck and boost capabilities provided by the unique impedance network and the ability to operate during shoot‐through states. This study proposes a novel non‐linear adaptive backstepping method for dc‐side controllers in a multi‐loop control scheme of the ZSI in grid‐tied photovoltaic (PV) systems. Despite the variability of the capacitor and inductor values in the ZSI impedance network, the proposed controller guarantees robust and stable operation under varying levels of PV irradiance and temperature. The shoot‐through duty ratio of the ZSI is obtained directly from the output of an MPPT algorithm and the measured PV and inductor currents. This strategy overcomes the disadvantages of the conventional approach such as the non‐minimum phase at the dc side of the ZSI. It also eliminates the need to linearise the voltage/current characteristics of the PV arrays and ZSI model. The ac‐side controllers consist of an outer proportional–integral voltage controller and an inner deadbeat current controller to achieve unity power factor and stable capacitor voltage in spite of grid voltage fluctuations. The efficacy of the proposed adaptive backstepping controller and the multi‐loop control scheme is validated by offline and hardware‐in‐the‐loop real‐time simulations.
Hierarchical fully adaptive radar
Authors: Mitchell Adam E. , Smith Graeme E. , Bell Kristine L. , Duly Andrew J. , Rangaswamy Muralidhar
Published: September 2018

By emulating the cognitive perception–action cycle believed to be at the core of animal cognition, cognitive radars promise to improve radar performance over standard systems. The fully adaptive radar (FAR) framework provides a generalised approach to implementing a single cognitive perception–action cycle for radar systems, but complex adaptive problems necessitate the interaction of multiple perception–action cycles. This study describes the general form of the hierarchical FAR (HFAR) framework. The HFAR framework is applied to a single‐target tracking, sensor fusion problem, and real‐time experimental results demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed architecture for handling problems of varying scales in a consistent, adaptive fashion.
Radio observations of the merging galaxy cluster Abell 520
Authors: Hoang D. N. , Shimwell T. W. , van Weeren R. J. , Brunetti G. , Röttgering H. J. A. , Andrade-Santos F. , Botteon A. , Brüggen M. , Cassano R. , Drabent A. , de Gasperin F. , Hoeft M. , Intema H. T. , Rafferty D. A. , Shweta A. , Stroe A.
Published: September 2018

Context. Extended synchrotron radio sources are often observed in merging galaxy clusters. Studies of the extended emission help us to understand the mechanisms in which the radio emitting particles gain their relativistic energies.

Aims. We examine the possible acceleration mechanisms of the relativistic particles that are responsible for the extended radio emission in the merging galaxy cluster Abell 520.

Methods. We performed new 145 MHz observations with the LOw Frequency ARay (LOFAR) and combined these with archival Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (GMRT) 323 MHz and Very Large Array (VLA) 1.5 GHz data to study the morphological and spectral properties of extended cluster emission. The observational properties are discussed in the framework of particle acceleration models associated with cluster merger turbulence and shocks.

Results. In Abell 520, we confirm the presence of extended (760 × 950 kpc2) synchrotron radio emission that has been classified as a radio halo. The comparison between the radio and X-ray brightness suggests that the halo might originate in a cocoon rather than from the central X-ray bright regions of the cluster. The halo spectrum is roughly uniform on the scale of 66 kpc. There is a hint of spectral steepening from the SW edge towards the cluster centre. Assuming diffusive shock acceleration (DSA), the radio data are suggestive of a shock Mach number of ℳSW = 2.6−0.2+0.3
that is consistent with the X-ray derived estimates. This is in agreement with the scenario in which relativistic electrons in the SW radio edge gain their energies at the shock front via acceleration of either thermal or fossil electrons. We do not detect extended radio emission ahead of the SW shock that is predicted if the emission is the result of adiabatic compression. An X-ray surface brightness discontinuity is detected towards the NE region that may be a counter shock of Mach number ℳNEX = 1.52±0.05. This is lower than the value predicted from the radio emission which, assuming DSA, is consistent with ℳNE = 2.1 ± 0.2.

Conclusions. Our observations indicate that the radio emission in the SW of Abell 520 is likely effected by the prominent X-ray detected shock in which radio emitting particles are (re-)accelerated through the Fermi-I mechanism. The NE X-ray discontinuity that is approximately collocated with an edge in the radio emission hints at the presence of a counter shock.
Evidence for a massive dust-trapping vortex connected to spirals
Authors: Cazzoletti P. , van Dishoeck E. F. , Pinilla P. , Tazzari M. , Facchini S. , van der Marel N. , Benisty M. , Garufi A. , Pérez L. M.
Published: September 2018

Context. Spiral arms, rings and large scale asymmetries are structures observed in high resolution observations of protoplanetary disks, and it appears that some of the disks showing spiral arms in scattered light also show asymmetries in millimeter-sized dust. HD 135344B is one such disk. Planets are invoked as the origin of these structures, but no planet has been observed so far and upper limits are becoming more stringent with time.

Aims. We want to investigate the nature of the asymmetric structure in the HD 135344B disk in order to understand the origin of the spirals and of the asymmetry seen in this disk. Ultimately, we aim to understand whether or not one or more planets are needed to explain such structures.

Methods. We present new ALMA sub-0.1′′ resolution observations at optically thin wavelengths (λ = 2.8 and 1.9 mm) of the HD 135344B disk. The high spatial resolution allows us to unambiguously characterize the mm-dust morphology of the disk. The low optical depth of continuum emission probes the bulk of the dust content of the vortex. Moreover, we have combined the new observations with archival data at shorter wavelengths to perform a multi-wavelength analysis and to obtain information about the dust distribution and properties inside the observed asymmetry.

Results. We resolve the asymmetric disk into a symmetric ring + asymmetric crescent, and observe that (1) the spectral index strongly decreases at the centre of the vortex, consistent with the presence of large grains; (2) for the first time, an azimuthal shift of the peak of the vortex with wavelength is observed; (3) the azimuthal width of the vortex decreases at longer wavelengths, as expected for dust traps. These features allow confirming the nature of the asymmetry as a vortex. Finally, under the assumption of optically thin emission, a lower limit to the total mass of the vortex is 0.3MJupiter. Considering the uncertainties involved in this estimate, it is possible that the actual mass of the vortex is higher and possibly within the required values (~4 MJupiter) to launch spiral arms similar to those observed in scattered light. If this is the case, then explaining the morphology does not require an outer planet.
Wenn Eingeweide ausstrahlen
Authors: Ermel Johannes
Published: September 2018

Ein Grund für therapieresistente Beschwerden kann sein, dass Auslöser und Schmerzbereich nicht identisch sind. Oftmals strahlen muskuloskeletale Strukturen in andere Bereiche aus. Doch auch innere Organe können dafür verantwortlich sein, dass sich Schmerzen im Bewegungssystem trotz langer Therapie nicht verbessern.
Abscesos prostáticos y manejo con resección transuretral de próstata
Authors: Cárdenas Walter Bacaret , Puentes Andrés Felipe , Piraquive Sebastián Rodríguez , Corredor Héctor , Capera Cesar Andrés , Donoso Wilfredo
Published: September 2018

Objetivos Caracterizar una serie de pacientes con abscesos prostáticos tratados con resección transuretral de próstata, analizar los factores de riesgo, y los resultados del tratamiento.

Métodos Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo de 2015 a 2016 en 2 hospitales de III y IV nivel en la ciudad de Bogotá en pacientes con diagnóstico tomográfico de absceso prostático, tratados con resección transuretral de próstata.

Resultados Se documentaron 6 casos de hombres diagnosticados con absceso prostático con edad promedio de 57 años (40-78 años) que fueron llevados a RTUP para el drenaje del absceso. El promedio de hospitalización fue de 11.4 días (3-34 días); el aislamiento microbiológico positivo se alcanzó en el 83% de los pacientes. El 50% de los pacientes usaban sonda uretral a permanencia. La curación fue completa.

Conclusiones La RTU de próstata en el drenaje de abscesos prostáticos, es un tratamiento seguro y eficaz en logrando resolución completa de la enfermedad.
Successful Use of Recombinant Activated Factor VII to Reverse Ticagrelor-Induced Bleeding Risk: A Case Report
Authors: Godier Anne , Dupont Mélanie , Desilles Jean-Philippe , Le Guerinel Caroline , Taylor Guillaume , Perrin Mathilde , Martin Anne-Céline , Gaussem Pascale
Published: September 2018

Management of ticagrelor-associated bleeding is challenging, especially in neurosurgery. Platelet transfusion is inefficient and no antidote is currently available. We report here the first case of recombinant activated factor VII (rFVIIa) use to bypass ticagrelor-induced platelet inhibition. A woman treated with ticagrelor and requiring emergent neurosurgery for an intracranial hematoma received preoperative high-dose platelet transfusion and 60 μg/kg rFVIIa. Laboratory monitoring demonstrated that platelet transfusion failed to reverse ticagrelor-induced platelet inhibition while rFVIIa improved hemostasis by shortening the thromboelastometric clotting time. Neurosurgery occurred without any bleeding event but the patient presented with a postoperative pulmonary embolism. In conclusion, rFVIIa may decrease ticagrelor-induced bleeding risk but careful assessment of the benefit-risk balance is warranted before using rFVIIa to reverse ticagrelor effects.
Center of mass distribution of the Jacobi unitary ensembles: Painlevé V, asymptotic expansions
Authors: Zhan Longjun , Blower Gordon , Chen Yang , Zhu Mengkun
Published: September 2018

In this paper, we study the probability density function, P(c,α,β,n) dc, of the center of mass of the finite n Jacobi unitary ensembles with parameters α > −1 and β > −1; that is the probability that trMn ∈ (c, c + dc), where Mn are n × n matrices drawn from the unitary Jacobi ensembles. We compute the exponential moment generating function of the linear statistics ∑j=1n f(xj)≔∑j=1nxj, denoted by Mf(λ,α,β,n). The weight function associated with the Jacobi unitary ensembles reads xα(1 − x)β, x ∈ [0, 1]. The moment generating function is the n × n Hankel determinant Dn(λ, α, β) generated by the time-evolved Jacobi weight, namely, w(x; λ, α, β) = xα(1 − x)β e−λx, x ∈ [0, 1], α > −1, β > −1. We think of λ as the time variable in the resulting Toda equations. The non-classical polynomials defined by the monomial expansion, Pn(x, λ) = xn + p(n, λ) xn−1 + ⋯ + Pn(0, λ), orthogonal with respect to w(x, λ, α, β) over [0, 1] play an important role. Taking the time evolution problem studied in Basor et al. [J. Phys. A: Math. Theor. 43, 015204 (2010)], with some change of variables, we obtain a certain auxiliary variable rn(λ), defined by integral over [0, 1] of the product of the unconventional orthogonal polynomials of degree n and n − 1 and w(x; λ, α, β)/x. It is shown that rn(2iez) satisfies a Chazy II equation. There is another auxiliary variable, denoted as Rn(λ), defined by an integral over [0, 1] of the product of two polynomials of degree n multiplied by w(x; λ, α, β)/x. Then Yn(−λ) = 1 − λ/Rn(λ) satisfies a particular Painlevé V: PV(α2/2, − β2/2, 2n + α + β + 1, 1/2). The σn function defined in terms of the λp(n, −λ) plus a translation in λ is the Jimbo–Miwa–Okamoto σ-form of Painlevé V. The continuum approximation, treating the collection of eigenvalues as a charged fluid as in the Dyson Coulomb Fluid, gives an approximation for the moment generating function Mf(λ,α,β,n) when n is sufficiently large. Furthermore, we deduce a new expression of Mf(λ,α,β,n) when n is finite, in terms the σ function of this is a particular case of Painlevé V. An estimate shows that the moment generating function is a function of exponential type and of order n. From the Paley-Wiener theorem, one deduces that P(c,α,β,n) has compact support [0, n]. This result is easily extended to the β ensembles, as long as the weight w is positive and continuous over [0, 1].
A comparative study of polaronic transport in paramagnetic state of bulk and nanocrystalline La0.46Ca0.54MnO3 compound
Authors: Das Kalipada
Published: September 2018

In this present study, electronic transport and magneto-transport properties of bulk and nanocrystalline La0.46Ca0.54MnO3 compound are reported. The activation energies required for polaron transport in the paramagnetic state for different average grain size particles were estimated from the resistivity as a function of temperature data. It is found that there is a strong dependency of the activation energy in paramagnetic state with the reduction of the grain sizes and charge ordering. With decreasing particle sizes, activation energy enhances and it modifies with the application of external magnetic field. However, a different nature was found for the 15 and 21 nm particle size samples. The activation energy for the 21 nm particle size sample is smaller compared to 15 nm. Such behavior may be associated with the more disorder and spin-pinning effect in the lowest particle size sample. The variation of activation energy and the crystallographic unit cell volume with the reduction of particle size is addressed.
Al-impurity-induced magnetic excitations in heavily over-doped La1.7Sr0.3Cu0.95Al0.05O4
Authors: Ikeuchi K. , Nakajima K. , Ohira-Kawamura S. , Kajimoto R. , Wakimoto S. , Suzuki K. , Fujita M.
Published: September 2018

By means of inelastic neutron scattering, we measured magnetic excitations in a sizable single crystal of La1.7Sr0.3Cu0.95Al0.05O4, which is an Al-substituted system of the heavily hole-doped cuprate system La2-xSrxCuO4 (LSCO) with an effective concentration of holes of xeff = 0.25. At incommensurate positions Qort = (1+δ, ±δ)/(1-δ, ±δ) around the magnetic Γ point QM = (1, 0), magnetic correlations were induced, and the incommensurability δ was 0.139 (r.l.u), which is in contrast with the δ of 0.125 (r.l.u) for LSCO x = 0.25, suggesting that the Al substitution caused an increase in δ. We also observed the same effect in the Fe-substituted system La1.7Sr0.3Cu0.95Fe0.05O4 (δ = 0.144). In addition to the obvious effect on the IC excitations, we observed continuum magnetic excitation with a ring-like shape in a two-dimmensional momentum space around QM = (1, 0). This was also observed in the Fe-substituted system, meaning that the induction/enhancement of the magnetic correlations originates from the impurity substitution, regardless of whether the impurities have magnetism. Considering our recent experimental results, revealing that the ring-like excitation also evolves in impurity-free LSCO x = 0.25 with increasing temperature, these facts suggest an intimate relationship between the temperature change and impurity substitution on the magnetic correlations and may present clues for investigating the magnetic correlations through an effective approach using impurities.
A fiber based diamond RF B-field sensor and characterization of a small helical antenna
Authors: Dong M. M. , Hu Z. Z. , Liu Y. , Yang B. , Wang Y. J. , Du G. X.
Published: September 2018

We present a microwave B-field scanning imaging technique using a diamond micro-crystal containing a nitrogen vacancy center that is attached to a fiber tip. We propose a pulsed modulation technique, enabling the implementation of a variety of pulsed quantum algorithms for state manipulation and fast readout of the spin state. A detailed mapping of the magnetic B-field distribution of a helical antenna with sub-100 μm resolution is presented and compared with numerical simulations. This fiber based microwave B-field probe has the advantages of minimized invasiveness and small overall size and will boost broad interest in a variety of applications where near field distribution is essential to device characterization, to name a few, antenna radiation profiling, monolithic microwave integrated circuit failure diagnosis, electromagnetic compatibility test of microwave integrated circuits, and microwave cavity field mode mapping.
A single-cell based hybrid neuronal network configured by integration of cell micropatterning and dynamic patch-clamp
Authors: Yamamoto Hideaki , Hayakawa Takeshi , Netoff Theoden I. , Hirano-Iwata Ayumi
Published: September 2018

We integrate cell micropatterning technology with dynamic clamp electrophysiology to realize a hybrid neuronal network of biological and computational neurons for investigating the effect of neuronal firing properties on the network function. A simple convergent neuronal network unit, consisting of three neurons connected in a two-input one-output architecture, is considered. We first show computationally that the output of the convergent unit changes from a logical AND gate-like state to an OR gate-like state with a minor perturbation in synaptic weight which is physiologically plausible. Then, using a hybrid network of a primary rat hippocampal neuron and model neurons, we demonstrate that this functional tuning can be physically embedded. The nonlinearity of neuronal activation underlies the ability to abruptly switch between the two output states, which is also verified by conductance modulation experiments. Our work demonstrates that dynamic clamp technology extends the constructive approach using cell micropatterning for investigating the cellular mechanisms of signal processing within well-defined neuronal networks.
Bandgap modulated phosphorene based gate drain underlap double-gate TFET
Authors: Abdullah-Al-Kaiser Md. , Paul Dip Joti , Khosru Quazi D. M.
Published: September 2018

In this work, a novel bandgap modulated gate drain underlap (BM-GDU) structure of tunnel-FET exhibiting suppressed ambipolar characteristics and steep SS is proposed by applying layer dependent bandgap and electron affinity property of 2-D material Phosphorene. An artificial hetero-junction between the source and channel region is composed of trilayer and bi-layer Phosphorene respectively without any lattice mismatch. BM-GDU TFET exhibits ON-current ∼100 μA/μm, on-off ratio greater than 109 and average subthreshold swing 28.6 mV/decade for a channel length of 20 nm at VDD of 0.4 V due to its low bandgap at source region than the channel region, larger tunneling window and lower carrier effective mass. Gate drain underlap structure yields ∼10 decades ambipolar suppression than conventional homojunction DG TFET. Performance parameters of our BM-GDU TFET by varying channel length are also studied using our developed self-consistent quantum mechanical transport simulator.
Molecular beam epitaxy used to realize tailorable magnetic van der Waals insulator
Authors: DeJarnette Drew
Published: September 2018

Direct growth of a van der Waals magnetic insulator on a topological insulator using molecular beam epitaxy creates high-quality films and precise material properties.
Passing on the experience of psychotherapy and healing
Authors: Capella Claudia , Rodríguez Loreto , Lama Ximena , Beiza Gretchen
Published: September 2018

Developed in the context of a larger research study on healing from sexual abuse, the present article analyzes written narratives (letters) produced by nine adolescents who have been victims of sexual assault and who successfully completed a specialized psychotherapy. Letters, directed to another child or adolescent starting their therapy in the same center, were analyzed using three integrated types of narrative analysis (thematic, structural and performative).

Key findings show that narratives exhibit messages of hope and encouragement, and adolescents view themselves as agents involved in their own transformation. In their letters, they urge other young children and adolescents to become actively involved in their own healing process. Participants stress the role of psychotherapy and therapeutic support in their recovery from sexual abuse.

Results are discussed highlighting the use of letters in clinical practice on adolescent sexual assault. Integration of multiple types of narrative analysis is discussed as a methodological support.
A story more real than reality
Authors: Rautajoki Hanna
Published: September 2018

This article examines the concept of experientiality in conversational storytelling from an ethnomethodological perspective, introducing a case in which the narrative mediation of experience fails. The recipient misses the experiential point of the story in the flow of interaction, which stems from other reasons than a failure in sense-making or cognitive comprehension. I discuss my findings with Monika Fludernik’s influential theory of Natural Narratology, according to which all narratives concern experiential exchange between the teller and the recipient, which travels from one consciousness to the other through natural cognitive parameters grounded in real life schemata. Applying conversation analysis, I focus on scrutinizing the details of the turn-by-turn unfolding activities of the participants. My analysis demonstrates that Fludernik’s conception of naturality falls short in capturing the relevancies of naturally occurring storytelling. Ignoring the reflexive intentionality of telling and reception makes Natural Narratology ill-equipped to grasp the dynamics of experientiality in everyday narration.
Overexpression of MinE gene affects the plastid division in cassava
Authors: Wang Cong-Cong , Ke Lei , Cao Liang-Jing , Yao Yuan , Geng Meng-Ting , Wang Ying , Xiao Yu , Huang Wu , Liu Xiao-Han , Cao Peng , Guo Jian-Chun , Min Yi
Published: September 2018

The MinE protein plays an important role in plastid division. In this study, the MinE gene was isolated from the cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) genome. We isolated high quality and quantity protoplasts and succeed in performing the transient expression of the GFP-fused Manihot esculenta MinE (MeMinE) protein in cassava mesophyll protoplasts. The transient expression of MeMinE-GFP in cassava protoplasts showed that the MeMinE protein was located in the chloroplast. Due to the abnormal division of chloroplasts, overexpression of MeMinE proteins in cassava mesophyll protoplasts could result in fewer and smaller chloroplasts. Overexpression of MeMinE proteins also showed abnormal cell division characteristics and minicell occurrence in Escherichia coli caused by aberrant septation events in the cell poles.
Saints: A Very Short Introduction
Authors: Yarrow Simon
Published: September 2018

Saints: A Very Short Introduction looks at the origins, ideas, and definitions of sainthood, sanctity, and saints in the early Church, tracing their development in history and explaining the social roles saints played in the ancient, medieval, and modern worlds. It considers the treatment of saints as objects of literary and artistic expression and interpretation, and as examples of idealised male and female heroism, comparing Christian saints and holy figures to venerated figures in other religious cultures, including Islam, Buddhism, and Hinduism. It concludes by considering the experiences of devotees to saints, and looking at how saints continue to be a powerful presence in our modern world.
1. Introduction
Authors: Yarrow Simon
Published: September 2018

Saints are persons who by various means have demonstrated such worth in their lifetimes as to posthumously merit the company of God. The saint is a ‘holy one’, someone whose exemplary and exceptional qualities bring him or her close to God. But how is saintly merit defined and acquired? How can one be sure of a saint’s closeness to God and posthumous presence in heaven? Do saints need official endorsement, or special witnesses or followers to confirm their status? Or is saintliness an intensely private and mysterious relationship that need concern none but an individual and their god? The Introduction explains how this VSI will help answer these questions.
2. Inventing the saints
Authors: Yarrow Simon
Published: September 2018

Sainthood took on its most familiar forms from the death of Jesus c.33 ce to the decades following the Council of Chalcedon in 451 ce. The early Christian church was an urban diaspora spread around the Mediterranean littoral, Hispania, Gaul, Asia Minor, North Africa, and Palestine. But who among these diverse communities were saints? ‘Inventing the saints’ describes the earliest saints as apostles who were ‘sanctified’ through their common associations with Jesus Christ. It outlines persecution, early Christian martyrdom, Donatism, asceticism, monasticism, and eremeticism, and introduces St Paul and St Antony. By the end of the 5th century the martyr, the ascetic, and the confessor had become the most important forms of Christian sainthood.
9. Saints in the modern world
Authors: Yarrow Simon
Published: September 2018

‘Saints in the modern world’ considers the impact of the Enlightenment and industrialization on sainthood. Canonizations continued throughout the Enlightenment period, though not in great numbers. The new saints were fairly conventional figures, reflecting an ecclesiastical approach tempered by moderation and reason. For most of the 20th century the Roman Catholic Church canonized relatively few saints; 158 saints were made between 1846 and 1978. Since then more than 1,000 saints have been canonized, mainly during the pontificates of John Paul II and Francis. It concludes that as well as being a force for social cohesion, the cult of saints can reflect asymmetries and tensions within faith communities.
Existence of Self-similar Solutions to the Anisotropic Affine Curve-shortening Flow
Authors: Lu Jian
Published: September 2018

In this paper the existence of positive $2\pi $-periodic solutions to the ordinary differential equation $$\begin{equation*} u^{\prime\prime}+u=\frac{f}{u^3} \ \textrm{ in } \mathbb{R} \end{equation*}$$is studied, where $f$ is a positive $2\pi $-periodic smooth function. By virtue of a new generalized Blaschke–Santaló inequality, we obtain a new existence result of solutions.
Changing Landscape of Liver Cancer in California: A Glimpse Into the Future of Liver Cancer in the United States
Authors: Han Summer S , Kelly Scott P , Li Yuqing , Yang Baiyu , Nguyen Mindie , So Samuel , Rosenberg Philip S , Hsing Ann W
Published: September 2018

Background

Asians and Hispanics currently have the highest incidence rates of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in the United States. The numbers of these minority populations are rapidly increasing, reshaping the demographic in the United States and particularly California, where approximately one-third of US Asians and Hispanics reside. With the changing demographic and rising incidence of HCC that has tripled during the past three decades, it is important to forecast the future burden of HCC by age, sex, and race/ethnicity to plan prevention and control strategies for HCC.

Methods

We used four Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program registries to obtain incidence data for California during 2000 to 2013, and 14 registries to represent non-California states. We applied age-period-cohort models to estimate future HCC incidence rates, and estimated HCC burden by multiplying incidence forecasts by corresponding US Census population projections.

Results

Our forecasts for California suggest that in 2030 Hispanics and blacks will have the highest HCC incidence rates and Asians the lowest. While incidence among whites, blacks, and Hispanics in California increased successively for each birth year cohort from 1915 through 1955, incidence among Asians in California decreased for each successive birth year cohort from 1915 through 1975. In contrast, consistent declines were not seen among Asians in the rest of the United States. In California, the estimated burden of HCC is 6482 new cases in 2030, where 80.0% of these patients are older than 65 years (vs 44.5% in 2014). The relative increase of burden in 2030 vs 2014 for this 65 years and older age group is especially high among Hispanics (318.3%), whereas it is the lowest among Asians (53.2%) in California.

Conclusions

Prevention efforts in California should target persons currently ages 50 to 64 years who will make up the older age group (>65 years) in 2030, especially among Hispanics with the most rapid increase of HCC burden through 2030.
A Connectomic Atlas of the Human Cerebrum—Chapter 3: The Motor, Premotor, and Sensory Cortices
Authors: Baker Cordell M , Burks Joshua D , Briggs Robert G , Sheets John R , Conner Andrew K , Glenn Chad A , Sali Goksel , McCoy Tressie M , Battiste James D , O’Donoghue Daniel L , Sughrue Michael E
Published: September 2018

In this supplement, we build on work previously published under the Human Connectome Project. Specifically, we show a comprehensive anatomic atlas of the human cerebrum demonstrating all 180 distinct regions comprising the cerebral cortex. The location, functional connectivity, and structural connectivity of these regions are outlined, and where possible a discussion is included of the functional significance of these areas. In part 3, we specifically address regions relevant to the sensorimotor cortices.
A Connectomic Atlas of the Human Cerebrum—Chapter 12: Tractographic Description of the Middle Longitudinal Fasciculus
Authors: Conner Andrew K , Briggs Robert G , Rahimi Meherzad , Sali Goksel , Baker Cordell M , Burks Joshua D , Glenn Chad A , Battiste James D , Sughrue Michael E
Published: September 2018

The middle longitudinal fasciculus (MdLF) is a small and somewhat controversial white matter tract of the human cerebrum, confined to the posterior superior temporal region from which it courses posteriorly to connect at the occipital–parietal interface. The tract appears to be involved in language processing as well as auditory organization and localization, while sub-serving other higher level cognitive functions that have yet to be fully elucidated. Little is known about the specific, interparcellation connections that integrate to form the MdLF. Utilizing diffusion spectrum magnetic resonance imaging tractography coupled with the human cortex parcellation data presented earlier in this supplement, we aim to describe the macro-connectome of the MdLF in relation to the linked parcellations present within the human cortex. The purpose of this study is to present this information in an indexed, illustrated, and tractographically aided series of figures and tables for anatomic and clinical reference.
A Connectomic Atlas of the Human Cerebrum—Chapter 13: Tractographic Description of the Inferior Fronto-Occipital Fasciculus
Authors: Conner Andrew K , Briggs Robert G , Sali Goksel , Rahimi Meherzad , Baker Cordell M , Burks Joshua D , Glenn Chad A , Battiste James D , Sughrue Michael E
Published: September 2018

The inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus (IFOF) is a large white matter tract of the human cerebrum with functional connectivity associated with semantic language processing and goal-oriented behavior. However, little is known regarding the overall connectivity of this tract. Recently, the Human Connectome Project parcellated the human cortex into 180 distinct regions. In our other work, we have shown these various regions in relation to clinically applicable anatomy and function. Utilizing Diffusion Spectrum Magnetic Resonance Imaging tractography coupled with the human cortex parcellation data presented earlier in this supplement, we aim to describe the macro-connectome of the IFOF in relation to the linked parcellations present within the human cortex. The purpose of this study is to present this information in an indexed, illustrated, and tractographically aided series of figures and tables for anatomic and clinical reference.
A Connectomic Atlas of the Human Cerebrum—Chapter 16: Tractographic Description of the Vertical Occipital Fasciculus
Authors: Briggs Robert G , Conner Andrew K , Sali Goksel , Rahimi Meherzad , Baker Cordell M , Burks Joshua D , Glenn Chad A , Battiste James D , Sughrue Michael E
Published: September 2018

In this supplement, we show a comprehensive anatomic atlas of the human cerebrum demonstrating all 180 distinct regions comprising the cerebral cortex. The location, functional connectivity, and structural connectivity of these regions are outlined, and where possible a discussion is included of the functional significance of these areas. In this chapter, we specifically address regions integrating to form the vertical occipital fasciculus.
Interpersonal Partner Relationships, Bonds to Children, and Informal Social Control among Persistent Male Offenders
Authors: Valdez Avelardo , Nowotny Kathryn M , Zhao Qian-Wei , Cepeda Alice
Published: September 2018

This qualitative study applied a life course framework to characterize the nature of interpersonal partner relationships of Mexican American young adult men affiliated with street gangs during their adolescence. Data come from a 15-year longitudinal mixed-method cohort study conducted in San Antonio, Texas. We analyzed semi-structured interviews conducted with a subsample (n = 40) during the course of three face-to-face sessions to explore the men’s motivations, aspirations, and goals to lead conventional lives, despite their criminal justice involvement. Specifically, we focus on the complex nature of maintaining ties to children, the navigation of complicated family structures, the processes of seeking partners with economic resources, and on partnerships with criminal and delinquent partners. We document the complex interpersonal nature of these relationships as men contend with serial incarceration and their desires and motivations to desist from criminal behavior.
Impact of including distillers’ dried grains with solubles at expense of soybean meal on Boer-influenced goat growth performance
Authors: Paine J M , Jones C K , Lattimer J , Crane A R
Published: September 2018

The objective of this project was to evaluate the efficacy of distillers’ dried grains (DDGS) as a replacement for soybean meal (SBM) in a diet for Boer-influenced goats. Because diets were isonitrogenous and isocaloric, it was hypothesized that the replacement of SBM with DDGS would reduce diet costs without affecting growth performance. To test this hypothesis, forty-eight Boer-influenced goats (28.2 ± 0.96 kg BW; approximately 90 d of age) were allocated to four treatments in a completely random design in a climate-controlled (13°C) facility of the Kansas State University Sheep and Meat Goat Center. Goats were stratified by BW into 16 pens (four pens per treatment; three goats per pen) for a 42-d finishing study. The main effect concentration of DDGS (0%, 10%, 20%, or 30% DM basis) which resulted in dietary treatments of the following: 1) 0% SBM replaced by DDGS (0DDGS); 2) 33% SBM replaced by DDGS (10DDGS); 3) 66% SBM replaced by DDGS (20DDGS); and 4) 100% SBM replaced by DDGS (30DDGS). Goats remained on a self-feeder with continuous access to their respective pelleted, complete dietary treatments, and clean, fresh water. Two-day weights were taken at the beginning and end of the trial, with BW, ADG, ADFI, and G:F measured and calculated every 7 d. Beginning BW were similar across all treatments (P = 0.99). The inclusion of DDGS had no effect on BW or ADFI from days 0 to 42 (P ≥ 0.15). Both ADG (P = 0.04) and G:F (P = 0.001) increased linearly with increasing DDGS inclusion, with goats fed diets containing DDGS having 33% greater (P = 0.05) ADG than those fed diets without DDGS. Ultimately, these results confirm the hypothesis that DDGS can be used to replace SBM in the diet. At current commodity prices, this leads to a 17% savings in diet cost. This novel research shows similar improved performance measures to lambs and cattle when feeding DDGS.