bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Anti-spike and Neutralizing Antibody Response Against SARS-CoV-2 after Covishield and CovaxinTM Vaccination
Authors: Athavale Prachi V. , Tripathy Srikanth P. , Kakrani Arjun L. , Bhawalkar Jitendra S. , Chavan Hanumant , Suryawanshi Poonam , Patil-Takbhate Bhagyashri R. , Deshpande Nitin A. , Gandhi Madhura , Pawale-Bhingardive Sujata S. , Patil Bhagyashri K. , Jali Priyanka , Kakad Dhanashri
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

This study was conducted to determine total and neutralizing antibody (nAb) titer in individuals at an interval of 2 and 6 months after primary vaccination and after 1 month after administration of booster dose.

Materials and Methods:

A serum sample was collected from 72 volunteers who were vaccinated with either the Covishield or CovaxinTM vaccine for quantitative estimation of human anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies and nAb. nAb against SARS-CoV-2 was detected by GenScript (New Jersey, USA) and was quantitatively estimated by in-house developed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Results:

Out of 72 study participants, 62.5% and 37.5% were male and female, respectively, and were in the age group of 21–83 years. About 94.44% of study volunteers were vaccinated with the CovishieldTM vaccine. Diabetes mellitus and hypertension were observed in 7.5% of volunteers. The average time interval between two doses of study vaccination was 37 days. Sixty-seven (93.18%), 50 (69.3%), and 69 (96.8%) (N = 72) volunteers elicited good nAb response at the end of 2 months, 6 months, and 1 month post-booster dose vaccination, respectively.

Conclusion:

Rapid nAb reaction to Spike protein development correlates with viral immunity for Covishield vaccine recipients. Due to the availability of limited data for the CovaxinTM vaccine, we are unable to compare the effectiveness of the two vaccinations, and we are also unable to analyze the vaccine’s efficacy.
Evaluation of the Effect of Drug Promotional Literature on Prescribing Pattern using WHO Prescribing Indicators and Other Relevant Parameters
Authors: Dabhade Sanjay A. , Rane Bhalchandra T. , Dabhade Sangeeta S. , Tilak Abhijeet V.
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Medicines are an integral part of health. It becomes essential to promote rational drug use. The relationship between doctors and the pharmaceutical industry has gained increasing attention recently. So there are chances that detailing activities by pharmaceutical representatives may lead to an undesirable effect on the prescribing pattern of doctors, like polypharmacy and use of fixed drug combinations; hence this study was planned to evaluate the effect of evaluation of the effect of drug promotional literature on prescribing using WHO prescribing indicators (DPL) on the prescribing pattern of doctors.

Setting and Design:

This prospective observational cross-sectional study was performed in a medical college and tertiary care center in Maharashtra.

Materials and Methods:

30 DPL and 10 prescriptions from each doctor were collected. Such total of 3000 DPL and 1000 prescriptions were collected from 100 doctors.

Statistical Analysis:

The prescriptions and DPL were analyzed together, and information was entered in Microsoft Excel; the parameters were calculated in percentage.

Results:

This study highlighted that drugs prescribed by generic name were 3.36%, the percentage of antibiotics prescribed was 27.37%, and the percentage of prescriptions containing medicines from the essential medicine list (EML) or formulary was 44.07%. In this study, 27.9% of drugs in the prescriptions were those drugs that are advertised in the DPL.

Conclusion:

Polypharmacy, prescribing drugs by brand names, drugs out of national list of essential medicine, use of more fixed drug combinations (FDC), antibiotics, and nutritional supplements could be attributed to the effect of DPL on the prescribing pattern. Hence it could be said that there is an association between a greater reliance on the promotion of medicines by the pharmaceutical companies and inappropriate prescribing patterns.
Five-year Retrospective Study of Pathological Findings in Medico-legal Autopsies in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Sajitha K , Aithal A Vibha , Bhat Shubha
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Autopsies help in identifying the cause and time of death and also in ascertaining or confirming the medical diagnosis where it was unclear or unknown prior to death.

Materials and Method:

A retrospective descriptive study was conducted on the medico-legal autopsies done over a period 5 years in the Department of Pathology in a tertiary care hospital. Only those autopsy cases were studied for which specimens were sent for histopathological examination. There were a total of 234 cases included in the study.

Result:

A total of 730 organ specimens were studied, the major organs studied were lung – 135 (18.49%), followed by liver – 120 (16.44%), heart – 111 (15.21%), and kidney – 91 (12.46%). The commonest finding in the lung was pulmonary edema in 37 cases. The commonest finding in the heart was atherosclerosis in 37 cases. In kidneys, the most frequent finding was acute tubular necrosis (ATN) in 26 cases. A few incidental and unexpected findings were also noted these included tumors, infections, and inflammatory conditions. The tumors that were seen were squamous cell carcinoma, lung, prostatic adenocarcinoma, thymoma, leiomyoma, and hemangioma. Another interesting finding was giant cell myocarditis in a patient who was on treatment for schizophrenia and had been recently started on tab. Clozapine and died within 24hours of developing acute breathlessness and chest discomfort.
Depression and Cognitive Function in Accordance with the Nutritional Status of Elderly Women Residing in Rajarhat-Newtown Area of Kolkata, India
Authors: Ghosh Joyeta , Shakil Somaiya , Singh Khusboo , Mandal Simantini
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

The nutritional status of elderly persons is reported to be affected by depression and cognitive function. The most prevalent psychological issue in old age is depression, and cognitive decline is also seen in this age range.

Objective:

The aim of the present study was to establish the relationship between nutritional status, depression scale, and cognitive function in older women.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 250 older women participated in a cross-sectional study (residing at Rajarhat-Newtown area). The lengthy version of the Mini-Nutritional Assessment tool (MNA®) was used to evaluate the participants’ nutritional status. The Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS 30) was used to evaluate the severity of the depression. Using the Folstein Mini-Mental State Examination, cognitive function was assessed. Using SPSS software, the Chi-square, Kruskal–Wallis test, and Spearman’s rho correlation coefficient were computed. Multinominal logistic regression model was used by taking nutritional status as dependent variable while depression and cognitive function as independent variables.

Results:

Participants with mild depression made up about 50.8% and those with severe depression made up 9.2%. Age-related cognitive function was found to be severely impaired in 1.6% and mild or moderate impairment was found in 70.4% of older women. A multinominal logistic regression model validated the finding that there was a significant relationship between dietary status and both depression and cognitive performance (P < 0.05).

Conclusions:

Both depression and impairment in cognitive function can cause malnutrition or vice versa among older women.
The Present Scenario and Management Strategies of Pediatric Appendicitis
Authors: Roy Sourav , Purkait Radheshyam , Mondal Tuhin S. , Halder Pankaj K. , Halder Imon , Siraj Aatif
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Background and Aims:

Despite contemporary discussion on the clinical presentation, imaging studies, indications of appendicectomy, and the best available approach, a diagnostic delay due to atypical presentations of appendicitis in preschool children is the current main cause of morbidity or mortality. Our aim is to reevaluate the present scenario of pediatric appendicitis and management strategies in our institution.

Materials and Methods:

The study was conducted with hospital records of 128 patients (below the age of 12 years) with appendicitis, who were managed (surgically or conservatively) in our institute during the last five years. Basic demographic data, presenting symptoms, radiological findings, mode of intervention, records of perioperative hospital care, and outcome were cumulated and inspected.

Results:

Among 128 cases, 37 (28.9%) had complications at presentation. Complicated appendicitis was more consistent with younger and higher C-reactive protein (CRP) at presentation. For 48 patients (37.5%), laparoscopic surgery was used; open surgery was performed in the other cases. Both open and laparoscopic surgeries had a similar rate of postoperative complications. Compared to laparoscopy, the open approach sometimes required longer hospital stays (97 hours vs 64 hours). Patients with appendicular perforation or abscess had 1.37- and 1.33-fold higher chance of requiring to stay in the hospital for more than 72 hours, respectively. There were found to be 3.83 and 8.33 times higher odds for the same patients to be readmitted within 28 days of surgery due to complications.

Conclusion:

Appendicular perforation or abscess occurs in every fourth child. A raised CRP at admission highly predicted the complicated appendicitis. Complicated appendicitis consistently increases hospital stay and readmission rates. Postoperative complication rates are more or less the same with either open or laparoscopy except for the duration of the hospital stay (more in open surgery).
Biological Fixation of AC Joint using Autologous Semitendinosus Graft in Acute Type III-VI Acromioclavicular Joint Dislocations—A Pilot Study
Authors: Shukla Ashish K. , Thulasidharan V. P. , Pande Ashish , Mishra Anil K. , Dwivedi Aditya
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Injuries to the acromioclavicular (AC) joint can range from modest, transient pain to significant displacement, chronic pain, and shoulder biomechanical changes that result in long-term disability.

Aim and Objective:

We aimed to evaluate the functional outcome of anatomical reconstruction of ACJ using autologous semitendinosus graft in type III-VI AC joint dislocations.

Materials and Methods:

In this study, 20 patients with AC joint dislocation (Rockwood type III-VI) were managed by surgical fixation using autologous semitendinosus graft from November 01, 2019, to October 31, 2020, at our center. After providing written informed consent, the study enrolled patients who satisfied the inclusion criteria. Preoperative, three-month, and six-month UCLA shoulder scores were assessed.

Results:

Mean age of participants was 36.5 years (SD: 9.86). Radiological evaluation at each visit suggested a 100.0% success rate of this method. 95% of the participants had no complications, while 5.0% had DVT. No participants had SSI.

Conclusions:

Autologous semitendinosus graft fixation of type III-VI AC joint injuries is a viable surgical option with the advantages of being a biological fixation, single surgery, and having excellent functional outcomes. However, extensive multicentric comparative studies are required to draw definitive conclusions.
Estimation of the Factors Affecting Breast Compression Parameters in Mammography
Authors: Pires Tancia , Shetty Shashi Kumar , Shajila S , Shetty Shraddha
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Breast cancer which has a high mortality rate is now known to decrease due to early detection with the advent of digital mammography screening. During mammography, compression of the breast is highly variable. However, various factors that affect the amount of compression force applied have not been studied thoroughly. Hence, the aim of our study is to enumerate the factors affecting the variability in the applied compression force during mammography.

Methods:

Data related to breast compression force applied, breast composition, size, and compressed breast thickness along with the details about the technologists who performed the study on each patient were collected from 323 patients who underwent mammography. Intertechnologist variability in compression force application was evaluated using Fisher’s exact test and associations between other factors with respect to breast compression force were established using analysis of variance and linear regression models.

Results:

A positive correlation between the compression force and the age, breast composition, compressed breast thickness, and breast size was obtained. Technologists’ years of experience were also positively related to the applied compression force.

Conclusions:

This study provides evidence of the fact that compression application should be varied as per the requirement with respect to the patient’s breast structure, only then can we acquire images with high quality and high diagnostic value, thus reducing recall rates. It also shows that the compression force applied in this study was much lower than those applied in other countries like the UK, US, Netherlands, Norway, etc., which could mean that there is a need to increase the force applied.
Profile and Outcome of Patients Presenting to the Emergency Department with Yellow Phosphorus Poisoning
Authors: Ravichandran Raj C. A. , Abishek N. , Jayakaran Jonathan A. J. , Jambugulam Mohan , Goel Ashish , Eapen C. E. , Abhilash Kundavaram P. P.
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Yellow phosphorus-containing rodenticide poisoning as a means of deliberate self-harm is being widely encountered in South India. Hence, a comprehensive study delineating its profile and patient outcome is required to implement measures to control the persistent threat.

Materials and Methods:

This is a single-center, retrospective observational study of all patients presenting to the emergency department with a history of consumption of yellow phosphorus rodenticide poisoning between 2014 and 2020. Institutional review board approval was obtained before commencement.

Results:

During the study period, 164 patients who presented with consumption of yellow phosphorous were included in the analysis. The mean age with standard deviation of patients was 27.5 (10.6) years, with a female preponderance (87/164: 53.1%). N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) was administered in 87.2% (143/164), and its administration within 48 h of poison consumption showed a significant correlation with good outcomes (72.3% vs. 50%; OR: 0.38; 95% CI: 0.18–0.80; P-value = 0.012). Altered sensorium, hypoxemia, transaminitis, hyperbilirubinemia, and hypoalbuminemia had significant correlations with bad outcomes. The in-hospital mortality rate was 9.7% (16/164), and 21.4% (35/164) of the patients left against medical advice.

Conclusion:

Yellow phosphorous poisoning is associated with significant mortality. NAC given within 48 h of patient presentation had a significant correlation with good outcomes.
Obesity Hypoventilation (Pickwickian) Syndrome – ”The Tip of an Iceberg” in Morbidly Obese Patients
Authors: Balan Arun , Dole Sachinkumar S.
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS), also known as Pickwickian syndrome, is a combination of obesity (body mass index (BMI) >30 kg/m2), daytime hypercapnia (arterial carbon dioxide tension >45 mm Hg) and sleep-disordered breathing, after exclusion of other disorders that may cause alveolar hypoventilation. Management of OHS requires a multifaceted approach in the form of weight loss, treatment of existing co-illnesses, pulmonary rehabilitation, and Bi-level positive airway pressure (Bi-PAP) therapy. A 58-year-old lady with a BMI of 50 kg/m2 with symptoms of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and OHS presented to the hospital with respiratory distress. She gave a history of breathlessness, snoring, and sleep disturbances for the last 7 years. She was managed by a physician with a diagnosis of obstructive airway disease without further evaluation of sleep disturbance. On admission, she was started on non-invasive ventilation during her initial management. After 72 hours of admission, the patient became stable, and overnight polysomnography was performed to confirm the diagnosis of OHS. After confirmation of the diagnosis, she was started on Bi-PAP therapy along with other supportive therapy for 7 days. She was discharged after 10 days of admission with nocturnal Bi-PAP therapy at home and was enrolled in a comprehensive pulmonary rehabilitation program. Patient is on regular follow-up and has been doing well since then.
Knowledge and Practices Related to Research Misconduct among Healthcare Researchers in India: Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Pundhir Ashish , Kushwaha Poonam , Bhardwaj Pankaj , Gupta Manoj K. , Goel Akhil D. , Joshi Nitin K.
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Practices known to harm the integrity of scientific and medical research during planning, conduct, documentation, and reporting are termed as research misconduct. It is an unfortunate, prevalent reality of the research world. In the present study, we tried to assess the knowledge about research misconduct, its determinants, observed practices of research misconduct among healthcare practitioners, level of satisfaction with the order of authorship in one’s published manuscript, and their views for action to be taken against those involved in research misconduct in our institution.

Materials and Methods:

This cross-sectional study recruited eligible participants (Faculty Members and Senior Residents of Medical, Dental, and Nursing Professionals) through one-to-one interviews and web-based platforms. Data analysis was conducted by using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 23(SPSS-23).

Result:

Of the 356 participants, around 60% had complete knowledge about research misconduct, and 74.2% had observed research misconduct in their workplace at some point in time. There was no association between correct knowledge about research misconduct and the type of healthcare researchers, awareness of the International Committee of Journal of Medical Ethics (ICJME), and training on good clinical practices. 54.8% of the participants considered those involved in research misconduct should not be permitted to be co-guide and guide of students.

Conclusion:

Training of healthcare researchers on publication ethics and good clinical practice guidelines seems to improve knowledge about research misconduct. Further, stringent action should be taken against those who conduct research misconduct.
A Case Report on Anomalous Origin of Left Coronary Artery from Pulmonary Artery in a Child
Authors: Pathak Nakul , Pande Vineeta , Thakur Mrinali , Mane Shailaja
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Anomalous left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery (ALCAPA) is a rare but fatal congenital cardiovascular disease. In this condition, the left coronary artery originates from the pulmonary artery, which should actually originate from the ascending aorta. This causes left ventricular dysfunction/insufficiency. Many a times it is asymptomatic and is missed during the initial months of life. Incidence is 1 in 300000 live births and comprises about 0.25–0.5% of congenital heart disease. In this article, we present a case of a 4-month-old infant who came with complaints of fever and increased work of breathing. On examination, there were signs of respiratory distress. Systemic examination was normal. Electrocardiogram findings showed inverted T waves in leads 1 and aVL, and in leads V5-V6, elevated ST segments were noted. Patient was suspected to have ALCAPA, and the echocardiogram confirmed the diagnosis. Patient was planned for surgery. ALCAPA is a clinical diagnostic challenge as it presents with similar complaints of common pediatric diseases such as bronchiolitis, failure to thrive, gastroesophageal reflux, and cardiomyopathy. Usually, majority of affected children remain undiagnosed and die within the first year of life. Hence, it is of utmost importance to keep a watch for this condition for early diagnosis and surgical intervention which will help in improving the prognosis.
Iron Deficiency Anemia among Sanitation Workers in a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Yadav Varsha , Jain Priyanka , Gupta Sunil , Sharma Sonali
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) has been the main cause of the health burden in India over the past decade. The aim of the present study was to examine the iron status and prevalence of iron deficiency anemia using biochemical markers among sanitation workers working at a tertiary healthcare center.

Methodology:

This hospital-based cross-sectional observational study was conducted on 80 sanitation workers for a period of 18 months (age 31–40 years). Dietary intake patterns were collected through the structured questionnaires. Blood samples were analyzed for complete blood count, serum iron level and unsaturated iron binding capacity, and ferritin. Total iron binding capacity and percentage transferrin saturation were calculated. Stool samples were screened for intestinal helminthic ova and cysts of intestinal protozoa.

Results:

Of the 80 sanitation workers, IDA was found in 38.7%; out of this, mild anemia was found in 16 (20%) participants, while 11.3% and 7.5% participants had moderate and severe anemia, respectively. Higher plasma sTfR levels were observed in women with severe iron depletion than in those with iron sufficiency (median 17.6 versus 15.5 nmol/L; P = 0.001). A statistically significant positive correlation between hemoglobin and serum iron, serum ferritin, and transferrin saturation was found. Hemoglobin was positively correlated with white blood cells, red blood cells, hematocrit, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin.

Conclusion:

This study highlights the presence of mild IDA among sanitary workers and lower levels of iron intake than the recommended dietary allowance.
SOSIALISASI TENTANG KEKERASAN DALAM RUMAH TANGGA DAN PENANGGULANGAN BAGI KORBAN DI KECAMATAN WALANTAKA KOTA SERANG
Authors: Sari Muthia , Sari Novita , Ramadhani Poppy , Adriani Rina , Annadziif Muhammad Zirly , Yuhani Siti Amelia , Farida Umi
Published: September 2024

Socialization on domestic violence and countermeasures for victims aims to provide a deeper understanding to the community in Walantaka District so that the community is able to classify various types of domestic violence acts and understand how to deal with domestic violence victims, especially psychological assistance to wives and children. The service activity which was carried out in Walantaka District, Serang City, Banten Province was attended by the community, village officials, and community leaders of Walantaka District. The method used in this activity is to conduct field surveys, preparation, and socialization. The results of this service activity increase community understanding regarding acts of domestic violence and how to overcome domestic violence victims. The community is motivated to care more about problems in the surrounding environment and be able to build good communication in the family environment to create harmonious and supportive relationships for the growth and development of all family members
KEGIATAN PENYULUHAN KESEHATAN APOTEKER CILIK (APOCIL), MENCUCI TANGAN, DAN ISI PIRINGKU: MENUJU GENERASI SEHAT DAN CERDAS
Authors: Maulana Nova , Kurnia Nia Marlina , Putra Deri Andika , Zakianurfadilah Siti , Juniyanti Sinta , Khasanah Isvania
Published: September 2024

This study discusses the effectiveness of "Nutrition and Public Health Awareness" activities through interactive counseling at SDN 01 Kadubeureum Village and SDN Paleuh Sindangheula. Interactive quiz and prize-giving methods are used to improve students' understanding of balanced nutrition and public health. Results show active student participation and a significant increase in understanding. Collaboration with students, elementary school teachers, and Sari Asih Hospital provides important support in achieving the goal of effective nutrition education.
Implementasi Psychologicalfungame Dan Butterfly Hug Untuk Optimalisasi Kinerja Pegawai Guna Mengurangi Dampak Beban Kerja Berlebih Di Balai Pemasyarakatan (Bapas) Kelas Ii Metro
Authors: Rahmatia Salma Kartika , Nugroho Indra Prapto , Rohmadi Rohmadi
Published: September 2024

This community service topic was chosen because of the high workload at the Metro Class II Correctional Center (Bapas) which has a negative impact on employee performance and their mental health. To overcome this problem, three intervention methods were implemented: Psychological Fun Game, Butterfly Hug, and Psychoeducation. Psychological Fun Game aims to create a pleasant working atmosphere and increase cooperation between employees. Butterfly Hug is used as an effective relaxation technique to reduce stress and anxiety. Psychoeducation aims to increase employee knowledge about the importance of maintaining mental health. This community service method involves a series of activities such as training, simulations, and employee performance evaluations before and after the intervention. The results of the activities showed an increase in employee performance, a decrease in stress levels, and an increase in job satisfaction. In conclusion, the implementation of this intervention activity significantly reduced the impact of work overload and improved employee performance and well-being. This intervention shows the importance of psychological support in the work environment and has great potential to be implemented sustainably.
PENDAMPINGAN EDUKASI USAHA EMPING MELINJO DALAM PENGGUNAAN DIGITAL MARKETING MENUJU UMKM MAJU DAN BERSAING DI DESA TENJOLAHANG KECAMATAN JIPUT KABUPATEN PANDEGLANG
Authors: Aziz Abdul , Surachman Surachman , Fazai Tarisa , Nugraha Indra , Fadillah Ananda Algin , Amalia Siti Nurholisatul , Dewi Febbie Rosiana , Juhdi Muhammad
Published: September 2024

Emping melinjo is an MSME business in Tenjolahang Village. Jiput Sub-district, Pandeglang Regency, Banten Province, which is managed traditionally by men or women who have expertise in making melinjo chips in order to utilize the natural potential of the village and commercialize it into individual or family livelihoods. By providing several variants according to the buyer's request, both non-spicy, medium spicy, and very spicy variants which are still marketed traditionally (deposit system) without any promotion either through digital or other media. The author's method is to provide understanding to the manager of this emping melinjo how to increase sales with digital media and utilize smartphones. The author delivered orally and also practiced using social media such as Facabook, Intagram, Youtube, Tiktok and others. The result of this assistance is the emergence of a deep understanding that marketing today has been done digitally and this saves a lot of time with a range of buyers outside Tenjolahang Village. Jiput District, Pandeglang Regency. In general, emping melinjo MSMEs are very promising to support the family economy. For each manager, what must be done is license processing, repacking, and variants that attract buyers as well as technological support in processing raw materials to finished goods.
Introdução do pensamento algébrico: uma sequência de ensino por meio da resolução de problemas
Authors: Pires Rogério Fernando , Dias Lindinalva da Silva
Published: September 2024

Este trabalho é um recorte de uma dissertação de mestrado cujo objetivo era investigar as implicações de uma sequência de ensino pautada pelas premissas do pensamento algébrico e da resolução de problemas na introdução das noções iniciais de álgebra com estudantes do 6.º ano do Ensino Fundamental. A pesquisa de caráter qualitativo foi realizada com uma turma de 19 estudantes de uma escola da rede pública estadual localizada na cidade de Sorocaba – SP e consistiu no desenvolvimento de uma sequência de ensino composta por atividades que visavam o desenvolvimento do pensamento algébrico a partir da resolução de problemas. Os resultados mostram que nas atividades menos complexas os estudantes conseguiram empregar o pensamento algébrico de maneira satisfatória. No entanto, para um aprofundamento das noções iniciais da álgebra, os significados do sinal de igualdade e as questões relacionadas à capacidade de realizar generalizações precisam ser mais bem explorados.
Desafios e possibilidades: a perspectiva dos(as) professores(as) de Matemática
Authors: Souza Francisca Karla Klissia Alves de , Silva Joselito Brilhante
Published: September 2024

Este trabalho objetivou compreender o desinteresse na disciplina de matemática, de estudantes da Educação Básica, anos finais, a partir da perspectiva dos professores(as). A pesquisa foi realizada com uma abordagem qualitativa e bibliográfica de revisão de literatura de autores como Aires (2020), Barbosa (2023), Cunha (2021), Caetano (2021), Ferreira & Calixto (2021), Jesus (2021), Minayo (2020), Souza & Silva Neta (2023), entre outros. Considerando ainda, a coleta de dados de um questionário com 10 questões semiestruturadas, teve como público-alvo, 14 professores(as) da educação básica Licenciados(as) em Matemática, em um recorte temporal de atuação destes(s) profissionais docentes no período de dezembro de 2019 a 5 de março de 2023, foi possível compreender e elencar as implicações quanto ao desinteresse do estudante na disciplina de matemática.
Inclusión de estudiantes con necesidades educativas específicas asociadas a la discapacidad en la educación superior
Authors: Guerrero Alcívar Henry Antonio , Ávila Parrales Ronny Antonio , Tuarez Bravo Héctor Manuel , Moran Lozano Noe Salomón
Published: September 2024

La presente investigación tiene como objetivo analizar la inclusión de estudiantes con necesidades educativas específicas asociadas a la discapacidad en la educación superior. Para ello, se utilizó un enfoque cuantitativo a través de encuestas realizadas a estudiantes de segundo semestre de la carrera de Educación de la Universidad Estatal del Sur de Manabí. Además, se empleó un método documental-bibliográfico que permitió una revisión exhaustiva de fuentes de información. Los resultados revelan una mayor participación femenina en el estudio y destacan un fuerte consenso entre los encuestados sobre la preparación de las Instituciones de Educación Superior para recibir y apoyar a estudiantes con estas necesidades. También se resalta la importancia de la inclusión como medio para promover la igualdad de oportunidades. Entre las conclusiones, se evidencia que, aunque los docentes están generalmente bien preparados para atender a estudiantes con discapacidad, aún existe espacio para mejorar la formación y el apoyo en este ámbito.
La equidad y desigualdad dentro del modelo educativo
Authors: Delgado Sánchez Mallerly Tatiana , Rodríguez Zambrano Arturo Damián
Published: September 2024

El tema equidad y desigualdad hoy en día se suelen considerar como una preocupación en determinados ámbitos tanto familiares, sociales y educativos ya que involucra una serie de problemáticas tanto en niños como en adolescentes por tal razón, es muy importante saber que, el 17% de los niños, niña y adolescentes del mundo, están sin escolarizar. La proporción es mucho mayor en los países en desarrollo: asciende al 31% en África, 21% en Asia central, frente al 3% en Europa y América del norte. Al abordar este tema se hizo énfasis de la combinación de encuestas y entrevistas lo cual proporcionó una visión integral sobre el tema de la equidad y desigualdad en el modelo educativo permitiendo comprender varios aspectos de este tema complejo; por otra parte con este trabajo se espera que se puedan realizar programas dirigidos para el personal educativo con el fin de mejorar la calidad de vida de cada individuo otorgándole oportunidades en base a su enseñanza- aprendizaje. Tales como lo son las capacitaciones que tengan la oportunidad de seguir aumentando la conciencia y mejora de estrategias académicas.
ОҚУШЫНЫҢ ФУНКЦИОНАЛДЫҚ САУАТТЫЛЫҒЫН ҚАЛЫПТАСТЫРУДЫҢ МАҢЫЗЫ
Authors: Бейсебаева Ж.Қ.
Published: September 2024

The article deals with the use of modern educational technologies and the formation of students’ personal competence. Changes in the content of educational requirements and the role of the pedagogical community in its execution are also analyzed. Analysis of the opinions and conclusions of scientists about the importance of the formation of functional literacy in the Kazakh language class. The analysis was made on the basis of a modern approach to new technologies. A review was made of how teachers can develop functional literacy, which can be integrated into their own experience in improving their knowledge and skills.
ҚАШЫҚТАН БІЛІМ БЕРУ - ЗАМАН ТАЛАБЫ
Authors: Жолшаева M. , Абдукаримова Л.
Published: September 2024

The article highlights the requirements for the system of distance learning and online learning in higher education institutions and their significance. The possibilities of changes in the Kazakh education system and the main differences in the online and distance learning systems are identified, as well as similar points are indicated.
ДИНАМИКА РЕЗУЛЬТАТОВ ФОРМИРУЮЩЕГО ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТА ПО РЕАЛИЗАЦИИ ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНОЙ ПРОГРАММЫВНЕДРЕНИЯ ИННОВАЦИОННЫХ ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ
Authors: Сайтбеков Нурбол , Аяпова Г.М , Абдрахманов М. , Даулет А. , Сыздыков Д.
Published: September 2024

This article identifies the dynamics of the readiness of teachers of physical education and students of future specialists to implement innovative technologies in the physical education of students. Namely, for all its components, the number of respondents who have marked the highest score increased. The optimum level of susceptibility has increased. Positive changes in the opinions of students of the “physical culture and sports” about the readiness to implement innovative technologies are revealed. In particular, in the classroom began to be more often implemented technology, greater emphasis is placed on improving the work. In the dynamics of the views of students non – physical specialties on the application of innovative technologies are indicated by the improvement of satisfaction with classes, the creation of an innovative environment. The active use of innovative technologies. All tests of physical fitness revealed improvements in the results. At the same time in the best degree of tests “long jump from the spot”, “tilt down”, “flexion and extension of the arms in the support lying down”. There was also an increase in the implementation of the program material. The improvement of students’ motivation to the physical culture classes was stated. This was expressed in a positive attitude to classes, satisfaction with their implementation. For all levels of motor activity of students, an increase in the number of steps performed by students was observed. At the same time, a relative decrease in the difference between students of the first and second courses was noted.
МҰХТАР МАҒАУИННІҢ «ЖАРМАҚ» РОМАНЫНДАҒЫ КӨРКЕМДІК УАҚЫТ ПЕН КЕҢІСТІК
Authors: Ізбай Іңкәр
Published: September 2024

In the introductory part of the article, an overview of thehistory of the origin of the term chronotope was conducted. In general, the definitions given by scientists and researchers introduced into scientific circulation and told about the category of time and space in Kazakh novels. The analysis was also carried out and conclusions were drawn on the category of historical, artistic time and space reflected in M.Magauin's novel "Zharmak". The basis of the novel is that the storyline is based on the division of the personality of one personinto two parts. The author developedthe story through changes in time and place beyond the limits of human consciousness. The change in time and space was also influenced by the emotional and psychological state of the hero, movement and a change in temporal rhythm. The interrelation of metaphysics, aesthetics, ethics was considered. There are also several actions taking place in the same time interval, changing the space in which the character is located. In addition, the importance of the author's linguistic use in a literary work in the transmission of artistic time and spacewas supported by examples from the work.
Does Tax Promote Industrial Development in Africa?
Authors: Bate Akouété Paulin , Guedikouma Doouda
Published: September 2024

This research mainly examines the effect of taxation on industrial development in Africa using group average and aggregate group models with correlated common effects on a panel of 39 African countries over the period 1983-2020. Our results suggest that in the short term, taxation does not affect industrial development, but does affect industrial development in the long term. Thus, in the long term, a tax pressure rate lower than 33.88% would favor industrial development, on the other hand a tax pressure rate higher than 33.88% would disadvantage industrial development. It also emerges from our results that economic activity, financial development, the quality of institutions, gross fixed capital formation and foreign direct investment are the channels through which taxation affects industrial development in the long term. This study urges African states to adopt tax policies aimed at improving these channels.
Assessing Tanzanians’ Response to the Implementation of a Mobile Money Transaction Levy
Authors: Nyonzo Francis
Published: September 2024

This paper analyses the effects of the mobile money transaction levy in Tanzania. The data used in the study was obtained from the Bank of Tanzania and the Tanzania Communications Regulatory Authority. The study employs interrupted time series analysis to determine the impact of the government levy on mobile money transactions. The results show a significant decrease in the total amount transacted and the average amount per subscriber after the introduction of the levy. The results indicate that the intervention had a significant impact on the average money transacted by subscribers. The study suggests that policymakers should consider alternative revenue sources other than those which affect the government revenue negatively. Further, the government should encourage people to use mobile money to pay for goods and services to increase government revenue.
Acquisition of English Language with the Aid of ICT
Authors: Dr. Neeli Ramesh
Published: September 2024

Technology is reshaping and reconstructing the patterns of social inter-dependence and every aspects of personal life of the users. Teaching and learning of today have moved from instructivism to constructivism. Constructivism demands more effective use of ICT and the technology is an embodiment of practice of constructivism.  It has changed the way the teacher teaches and the way the learner learns. The important term of this paper that is Language acquisition stands for learning a language without making any deliberate or conscious effort. It gives the chance of liberal expression of learners’ views and solving the problems through it. The pedagogical experience being gained currently brings out clearly the didactic potential of modern technology in the intensification of second language teaching. Technology integration into the curriculum not only enhances the learners’ progress in terms of creativity but also paves the way for professional development for teachers as well as with its various tools of technology enhances the language learning. The present paper attempts to present the views on how the Information Communication Technology (ICT) is useful in the effective language acquisition using its wide range of digital tools and gadgets in a smart way.
Trunk Flexor and Extensor Muscle Strength Capacity in Healthy Individuals
Authors: Unver Fatma , Gur Kabul Elif , Buke Meryem , Unver Bayram
Published: September 2024

Objective: Generating reference values of trunk muscle strength is of value for specific age groups and gender in every society. The aim of this study was to define flexor and extensor muscle strength of the trunk and the flexion/extension ratio in healthy individuals.

Materials and Methods: Hundred and two healthy individuals were included in this study. Isokinetic concentric strength of trunk flexor (Flex) and extensor (Ext) muscles of the participants were measured via an isokinetic dynamometer. Tests were performed at speeds of 60°/s and 180°/s. Maximum strength was characterized with peak torque (PT) (Flexabs, Extabs; N·m), peak torque normalized to body weight (PTNBW) (Flexnorm, Extnorm; N·m·kgbw-1), and Flexabs/Extabs ratio.

Results: For angular velocity of 600/s, PT and PTNBW of flex and ext strength were higher in men; while for angular velocity of 1800/s, PTNBW of flex and ext strength were higher in women (p<0.05). Extensor strength for 600/s and 1800/s angular velocities yielded lower values than flexor strength in both genders. The Flexabs/Extabs ratios were 1.67±0.62 for 600/s and 4.93±4.60 for 1800/s.

Conclusion: Trunk extensor strength was higher than flexor strength in men and women at 600/s and 1800/s angular velocities. In this study, the ratio of Flexabs/Extabs was not within the accepted range in non-active adults and there was no difference between men and women, indicating that muscle strength is not sufficient in this population. The data of this study can be used as a comparison parameter in future studies to get normative data, or common values in healthy individuals aged 18-30.
Vaikų laikysenai gerinti taikomų intervencijų veiksmingumas
Authors: Aurelija Kuktelionytė  , Jonė Jaselionienė
Published: September 2024

Tikslas – apžvelgti vaikų laikysenai gerinti taikomas veiksmingas intervencijas, išskiriant giliųjų raumenų treniravimo intervencijas, taikomas taisyklingai vaikų laikysenai formuoti.
Tyrimo medžiaga ir metodai. Mokslo publikacijų paieška atlikta duomenų bazėse PubMed, ResearchGate ir MDPI. Į šią apžvalgą įtrauktos 24 viso teksto publikacijos anglų kalba, publikuotos 2013–2023 m., kuriose vertintas vaikų laikysenai gerinti taikomų intervencijų veiksmingumas.
Rezultatai. Atlikus mokslo publikacijų paiešką iš viso rasta 18 780 straipsnių. Į trumpąjį vertinimą įtraukta 1 išplėstinė literatūros apžvalga, 1 sisteminė apžvalga, 1 metaanalizė, 2 sisteminės apžvalgos ir metaanalizės, 14 atsitiktinių imčių kontroliuojamųjų tyrimų, 4 lyginamieji tyrimai prieš ir po intervencijos, 1 atvejo ir kontrolės tyrimas. Visos publikacijos vertino įvairias fizinės terapijos intervencijas, skirtas vaikų laikysenai gerinti ar koreguoti. 1 tyrimas vertino švietimo programos intervenciją, o 1 tyrimas – kombinuotąją intervenciją (švietimo programą, taikomą kartu su fizine terapija). Intervencijose dalyvavo 5–18 metų amžiaus vaikai, turintys laikysenos sutrikimų arba jų neturintys. Intervencijų trukmė svyravo nuo 4 savaičių iki 12 mėnesių. Dauguma intervencijų taikytos kūno kultūros pamokose, jas vedė kūno kultūros mokytojai, kineziterapeutai, kiti sporto ir sveikatos specialistai. Nustatyta, kad Schroth metodas gali veiksmingai sumažinti liemens pasukimo kampą, Schroth ir SEAS (angl. scientific exercises approach to scoliosis) metodai gali veiksmingai stabilizuoti ar sumažinti Kobo kampą ir pagerinti vaikų, kuriems diagnozuota idiopatinė paauglių skoliozė, gyvenimo kokybės rodiklius. Ilgalaikis Pilateso pratimų taikymas gali veiksmingai padidinti vaikų lankstumą ir koreguoti laikysenos parametrus bei sumažinti raumenų skausmą, kai šie pratimai taikomi kartu su kitais gydomosios mankštos pratimais. Nustatytas įvairių koreguojamųjų pratimų ir jų kombinacijų intervencijų (pvz. raumenų stiprinimo, tempimo, pusiausvyros pratimų) veiksmingumas gerinant vaikų laikysenos parametrus ir koreguojant laikysenos sutrikimus. Įrodyta, kad giliųjų raumenų treniravimo intervencijos, apimančios kūno centro raumenų stiprinimą, gali veiksmingai sumažinti Kobo kampą, liemens pasukimo kampą, kifozės laipsnį. Stabilizavimo pratimų ir jų kombinacijų intervencijos gerina liemens mobilumą, liemens raumenų ištvermę, pusiausvyrą ir funkcinį pajėgumą. Laikysenos mokymo programos ir fizinio aktyvumo intervencijos taip pat yra veiksmingos vaikų laikysenos sutrikimų prevencijos priemonės.
Apibendrinimas. Tyrimai parodė, kad įvairių rūšių fizinės terapijos, įskaitant giliųjų raumenų pratimus, bei švietimo intervencijos gali teigiamai veikti vaikų laikysenos parametrus, skausmo lygį ir bendrą sveikatos būklę.
FEATURES OF THE USE OF SHIELD HEDGES IN ENGLISH-LANGUAGE SPORTS DISCOURSE (BASED ON THE MATERIAL OF FORMULA 1 RUNNING COMMENTARIES)
Authors: VLASYAN G.R. , SHKODA Yu.D.
Published: September 2024

This article examines the characteristics of the use of shield hedges in English-language sports discourse. The main role of sports commentators is not only to convey facts, but also to express their opinion about a particular incident within the framework of a sporting event, to make assumptions, to describe their emotions and thoughts. All this has a direct impact on the viewers. The monologue-like speech is intended to attract to the sporting event as many people as possible, to make it unforgettable for new racing fans and to arouse the interest of expert fans. The use of hedges in sports discourse is dictated by the commentators’ intention to soften their statements, to make them less categorical. In this way, commentators seek to harmonize the process of communication between commentator and audience
EMOTIVITY AS AN ESSENTIAL CATEGORY OF EMOTIVE LINGUOECOLOGY
Authors: KORZUN A.V.
Published: September 2024

This work touches upon one of the fundamental categories of Emotive Linguoecology – the category of emotivity. The article gives the definition of the term “emotivity”, emphasizes its difference with the term “emotionality” and describes its correlation with pragmatics of communication. It also provides a brief description both of its structure and the implementation of this category in the process of communication. The structure of the category of emotivity distinguishes several microfields, which differ from each other depending on a prevailing element, i.e. emotional, rational or intellectual, which, in its term, affects the ways of the category’s linguistic expression. The differences of microfields are illustrated by the examples of dialogical units from English-language artistic discourse, since they are viewed upon as the most similar to some communicative situations in real life. A collection of short stories by a contemporary Canadian writer, a winner of various prizes in the field of literature, Margaret Atwood “Stone Mattress” (i.e. the story «Revenant») was selected for the analysis.
THE ASSOCIATIVE FIELD AS A REFLECTION OF THE PSYCHOLOGICAL MEANING OF THE WORD
Authors: STEPYKIN N.I.
Published: September 2024

The article examines the associative field as a way to study the psychological meaning of a word. Analysis of cue – target pairs represented in Russian Associative Dictionary and Edinburgh Associative Thesaurus allowed to establish the psychological meaning of the word “America” for the Russian and British respondents. The fields are dominated by reactions-representations reflecting the connections of the cue “America” with the capitalist system (money, business, dollars, commerce), with other countries, cities, political and historical figures. In the speech actions of the Russians America is associated with the world of music (the Doors, rock and roll), the film industry (Hollywood, Disneyland) and American goods (Nike (sneakers), jeans). There is a military component (boat, tank) in the reactions of the British. The study revealed an ambiguous attitude towards America. On the one hand, the reactions of the Russians and the British create the image of a large, rich, prosperous country (bolshaya/big. Velikay/great, zhituha/life, kayf/ buzz, klass/class, nice, generous, great, hurrah). On the other hand, the cue “America” is associated with negative emotions and assessments (nadoela/tired, ne hochu tuda/don’t want to go there, tupaja/syupid, dislike, drugged, hate, indifferent, sick, tawdry, ugh).