bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Magnetic field and torque analysis of coaxial magnetic gear using semi-analytical and superposition methods
Authors: Lee Hoon-Ki , Lee Jeong-In , Woo Jong-Hyeon , Shin Kyung-Hun , Choi Jang-Young
Published: January 2023

This paper presents the magnetic flux density and torque calculation of coaxial magnetic gear. We obtained analytical magnetic field solutions produced by permanent magnets based on subdomain method and super position method. Then, the analytical solutions for torque characteristics were obtained. All analytical results were validated with two-dimensional finite element analysis and experimental results.
All optical writing and current-driven shifting of bits in ferrimagnetic strips: A micromagnetic study
Authors: Raposo Víctor , Martínez Eduardo
Published: January 2023

Nucleation of domains and domain walls by means of ultrashort laser pulses, and their current-driven shifting along a ferrimagnetic strip with high perpendicular magnetic anisotropy on top of a heavy metal, are both explored here by means of advanced micromagnetic modeling. Our results indicate that these systems are ideal candidates to develop high-density and high-efficient domain wall-based memory devices where the information is coded in series of bits in the form of perpendicular up and down domains flanked by chiral domain walls.
Linearized frequency domain Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation formulation
Authors: Lin Zhuonan , Lomakin Vitaliy
Published: January 2023

We present a general finite element linearized Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation (LLGE) solver for magnetic systems under weak time-harmonic excitation field. The linearized LLGE is obtained by assuming a small deviation around the equilibrium state of the magnetic system. Inserting such expansion into LLGE and keeping only first order terms gives the linearized LLGE, which gives a frequency domain solution for the complex magnetization amplitudes under an external time-harmonic applied field of a given frequency. We solve the linear system with an iterative solver using generalized minimal residual method. We construct a preconditioner matrix to effectively solve the linear system. The validity, effectiveness, speed, and scalability of the linear solver are demonstrated via numerical examples.
Did the coronavirus vaccination program in a rural and regional area work? Health outcomes of the vaccination program in Wide Bay
Authors: Kitchener Scott
Published: January 2023

The objective of this case study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the Wide Bay region coronavirus vaccination program in preventing hospitalisation for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Population vaccination data and the vaccination status of patients hospitalised with confirmed COVID-19 have been used to evaluate preventable hospitalisations and risk reduction during and after a 2 month period following the outbreak of COVID-19 in Wide Bay after removal of public health measures in Queensland in December 2021. Wide Bay is a rural region of Queensland including K’Gari (formerly Fraser Island) to the east, the North Burnett farming region in the west and extending from the Fraser Coast to the Discovery Coast. Two local regional hospitals received and managed hospitalised COVID-19 patients. The region had, at this time, 171 365 people 20 years and older eligible for coronavirus vaccination. The risk reduction for hospitalisation of those receiving fewer than two vaccinations, two vaccinations and three vaccinations was calculated to determine the vaccination program effectiveness. The program achieved 90% effectiveness for people with two or more vaccinations (those with two vaccinations and those receiving boosters of third or more vaccination), and 97% effectiveness for those having received three vaccinations, in preventing hospitalisation for COVID-19 during the period. This translated into a significant risk reduction for hospitalisation for those receiving two or more vaccinations, preserving capacity to enable the health service to manage all cases locally.
Twist response of actin filaments
Authors: Bibeau Jeffrey P. , Pandit Nandan G. , Gray Shawn , Shatery Nejad Nooshin , Sindelar Charles V. , Cao Wenxiang , De La Cruz Enrique M.
Published: January 2023

Actin cytoskeleton force generation, sensing, and adaptation are dictated by the bending and twisting mechanics of filaments. Here, we use magnetic tweezers and microfluidics to twist and pull individual actin filaments and evaluate their response to applied loads. Twisted filaments bend and dissipate torsional strain by adopting a supercoiled plectoneme. Pulling prevents plectoneme formation, which causes twisted filaments to sever. Analysis over a range of twisting and pulling forces and direct visualization of filament and single subunit twisting fluctuations yield an actin filament torsional persistence length of ~10 µm, similar to the bending persistence length. Filament severing by cofilin is driven by local twist strain at boundaries between bare and decorated segments and is accelerated by low pN pulling forces. This work explains how contractile forces generated by myosin motors accelerate filament severing by cofilin and establishes a role for filament twisting in the regulation of actin filament stability and assembly dynamics.
Soluble cyclase-mediated nuclear cAMP synthesis is sufficient for cell proliferation
Authors: Pizzoni Alejandro , Zhang Xuefeng , Naim Nyla , Altschuler Daniel L.
Published: January 2023

cAMP, a key player in many physiological processes, was classically considered to originate solely from the plasma membrane (PM). This view was recently challenged by observations showing that upon internalization GsPCRs can sustain signaling from endosomes and/or the trans-Golgi network (TGN). In this new view, after the first PM-generated cAMP wave, the internalization of GsPCRs and ACs generates a second wave that was strictly associated with nuclear transcriptional events responsible for triggering specific biological responses. Here, we report that the endogenously expressed TSHR, a canonical GsPCR, triggers an internalization-dependent, calcium-mediated nuclear sAC activation that drives PKA activation and CREB phosphorylation. Both pharmacological and genetic sAC inhibition, which did not affect the cytosolic cAMP levels, blunted nuclear cAMP accumulation, PKA activation, and cell proliferation, while an increase in nuclear sAC expression significantly enhanced cell proliferation. Furthermore, using novel nuclear-targeted optogenetic actuators, we show that light-stimulated nuclear cAMP synthesis can mimic the proliferative action of TSH by activating PKA and CREB. Therefore, based on our results, we propose a novel three-wave model in which the “third” wave of cAMP is generated by nuclear sAC. Despite being downstream of events occurring at the PM (first wave) and endosomes/TGN (second wave), the nuclear sAC-generated cAMP (third wave) is sufficient and rate-limiting for thyroid cell proliferation.
Fine structure and assembly pattern of a minimal myophage Pam3
Authors: Yang Feng , Jiang Yong-Liang , Zhang Jun-Tao , Zhu Jie , Du Kang , Yu Rong-Cheng , Wei Zi-Lu , Kong Wen-Wen , Cui Ning , Li Wei-Fang , Chen Yuxing , Li Qiong , Zhou Cong-Zhao
Published: January 2023

The myophage possesses a contractile tail that penetrates its host cell envelope. Except for investigations on the bacteriophage T4 with a rather complicated structure, the assembly pattern and tail contraction mechanism of myophage remain largely unknown. Here, we present the fine structure of a freshwater
Myoviridae
cyanophage Pam3, which has an icosahedral capsid of ~680 Å in diameter, connected via a three-section neck to an 840-Å-long contractile tail, ending with a three-module baseplate composed of only six protein components. This simplified baseplate consists of a central hub-spike surrounded by six wedge heterotriplexes, to which twelve tail fibers are covalently attached via disulfide bonds in alternating upward and downward configurations. In vitro reduction assays revealed a putative redox-dependent mechanism of baseplate assembly and tail sheath contraction. These findings establish a minimal myophage that might become a user-friendly chassis phage in synthetic biology.
Contrast marking variation in Romance and Germanic languages
Authors: Andorno Cecilia , Benazzo Sandra , Dimroth Christine
Published: January 2023

In research on information structure and discourse cohesion, contrast has been defined in different ways,
depending on the pragmatic/semantic relation established between the propositions involved in the contrast, on the text types and
on other discourse conditions. As a whole, despite – or possibly because of – its vagueness, contrast has proved to be a useful
heuristic tool for characterizing discourse cohesion phenomena. This paper focuses on results from our research concerning
cohesion phenomena in elicited discourse in Romance (Italian, French) and Germanic (German, Dutch) languages and aims to offer a
more precise characterization of contrast against several variation parameters. We take into consideration earlier work on three
tasks (Finite Story, Polarity-Switch Dialogues, Map Task) and add a new one
(Spot the Difference). The comparison between the results allows us to disentangle the following variables:
information units involved in the contrast relation; discourse conditions (monologue vs. dialogue); speakers’ access to
information (shared vs. non-shared); effect of contrast on information in the common ground (alternative maintained vs. rejected).
The aim is to achieve a more fine-grained definition of contrast relations, which allows us to identify and characterize the
divergent behavior of Romance and Germanic languages, and to relate intra- and crosslinguistic differences revealed by speakers’
preferences in speech with structural specificities of the two language groups.
Abstraction in storytelling
Authors: Pihlaja Stephen
Published: January 2023

Discussions of storytelling and narrative have encompassed abstraction in different ways including master
narratives (Bamberg, 1997) and storylines (Harré
& van Lagenhove, 1998). These discussions, however, have often viewed storytelling and abstraction as a binary
distinction, rather than a spectrum where speakers move between different levels of abstraction when recounting experiences. This
article argues for a nuanced approach to abstraction in storytelling that considers how specific details of stories – namely,
actors, actions, contexts, and time – are excluded or abstracted in the recounting of experience, with a link between increased
abstraction and implied moral judgement. The article first outlines the theoretical basis for this argument, and then shows
specific examples of abstraction taken from stories about religious experience. Finally, the productive implications of a nuanced
view of abstraction are outlined, including for narrative and discourse analysis, for understanding of storytelling and cognition,
and for critical analysis of racist language.
Grain boundary and grain interior strengthening in nano-micron grain sized Cu-1wt.%Al2O3 composite
Authors: Chandrasekhar S. B. , Ramakrishna M. , Wasekar N. P. , Rao T. N. , Kashyap B. P.
Published: January 2023

A bulk Cu-1 wt%Al2O3 composite was synthesised to 97–99% theoretical density by mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering to get varying grain sizes in the range 70 nm–2 µm. Tensile tests were done at room temperature, and the substructure evolution was examined as a function of the grain size and strain. The flow property revealed bilinear Hall–Petch relationship with a transition at 0.55 µm grain size. The stress–strain curves were found to follow the Hollomon-type relationship exhibiting an increase in strength coefficient and a decrease in strain hardening exponent with decreasing grain size. The variations in flow stress with grain size and strain delineate equivalent effects. The inter-dependence between the grain size and strain is explained by the substructure evolution and its contribution to the partitioning of work hardening between the grain interior and grain boundaries.
Consistency of two versions of hearing handicap inventory for elderly (HHIE and HHIE-S) with degree of hearing loss (HL)
Authors: Faraji-Khiavi Farzad , Bayat Arash , Dashti Rezvan , Dindamal Behnaz , Ghorbani Kalkhajeh Sasan
Published: January 2023

Objective

Using self-assessment methods to assess hearing handicap in the elderly can play an important role in understanding their disease status and taking action to improve it. Thus, the present study was performed to determine the consistency of two versions hearing handicap inventory for elderly, namely HHIE and HHIE-S, with the degree of hearing loss(HL).

Methods

This is a cross-sectional study conducted on 110 elderly aged 60 years and above who referred to hearing clinics in province Khuzestan, Iran in 2019. In order to collect data, HHIE (including 25 questions) and HHIE-S (including 10 questions) were used. Data analysis was done using SPSS ver. 24. Independent sample t-test was used to compare HHIE and HHIE-S scores in terms of the degree of HL.

Results

The prevalence of mild, moderate and severe degrees of HL was 21.82%, 48.18% and 30.0%, respectively. The majority of the patients suffered from sensorineural hearing loss (77.28%). Comparison of HHIE/HHIE-S total score among patients with different degrees of HL showed statistically significant differences, and patients with a higher degree of hearing loss reported higher hearing handicaps. HHIE and HHIE-S total scores showed a positive large significant correlation (r = 0.815, p < 0.001).Our findings revealed a significant large positive association of the PTA with the total score of HHIE (r = 0.69, p < 0.001) and HHIE-S (r = 0.76, p < 0.001).

Conclusions

The large correlation between HHIE and HHIE-S measures observed in the current data supports that these two scales can be used interchangeably. These patient reported outcome inventories are congruent with hearing loss level, so they can be used as proper criteria for referring patients to audiologists in health system.
Assessment of temporal auditory processing in individuals with misophonia
Authors: Ila Kadri , Soylemez Emre , Yilmaz Nihat , Ertugrul Suha , Turudu Soner , Karaboya Engin , Adıgul Çaglayan
Published: January 2023

Objective:

Misophonia is characterised by abnormal reactions to certain sounds such as sounds of eating, breathing, nose sniffing. Misophonia can be seen in individuals with normal hearing or hearing loss. The aim of this study to evaluate central auditory processing in misophonia patients with temporal processing tests, such as the Frequency Pattern Test (FPT), Duration Pattern Test (DPT), and Gaps-in-Noise Test (GIN).

Methods:

Thirty patients with misophonia and 30 healthy control subjects were included in this study. The pure tone audiometry test, tympanometry test, and acoustic reflex test were administered to all participants. The DPT, FPT, and GIN tests were conducted with all participants.

Results:

There was no significant difference in the DPT scores between the two groups for both ears (p > .05). There was no significant difference in the FPT scores between the two groups for both ears (p > .05), and there was no significant difference in the GIN scores and GIN threshold (p > .05).

Conclusions:

There was no difference between the healthy individuals and the misophonia patients when the temporal process of central auditory processing was evaluated.
Geometrizing the Klein–Gordon and Dirac equations in doubly special relativity
Authors: Franchino-Viñas S A , Relancio J J
Published: January 2023

In this work we discuss the deformed relativistic wave equations, namely the Klein–Gordon and Dirac equations in a doubly special relativity scenario. We employ what we call a geometric approach, based on the geometry of a curved momentum space, which should be seen as complementary to the more spread algebraic one. In this frame we are able to rederive well-known algebraic expressions, as well as to treat yet unresolved issues, to wit, the explicit relation between both equations, the discrete symmetries for Dirac particles, the fate of covariance, and the formal definition of a Hilbert space for the Klein–Gordon case.
An ionic liquid-based ultra-broadband absorber with temperature stability, polarization insensitivity, and wide incident angle
Authors: Zhang Chenyang , Yang Fulong , Zhang Aihua , Zhu Xiaoqing , Xu Huan , Wang Dayu
Published: January 2023

In this paper, an ultra-broadband absorber based on ionic liquids is proposed. It is an absorber that is a fully enclosed resin container, and the container is filled with an ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium dicyanamide ([EMIM][N(CN)2]) with a circular cross-section. Simulation results show that the single-ring absorber can achieve more than 90% absorption in the microwave range of 12.25–50 GHz, and the relative bandwidth reaches 121.29%. Based on the theories of equivalent medium and impedance matching, the mechanism of broadband absorption is explored by analyzing the electromagnetic field distribution and power loss density of the absorber. In addition, the absorber exhibits good thermal stability in the range of 20 °C–100 °C, and has the characteristics of polarization insensitivity and wide incident angle. The proposed metamaterial absorber can be fabricated at a low cost, is environment-friendly, and may find potential applications in the fields of electromagnetic energy harvesting and stealth technology.
Mass spectroscopy, decays and mixing parameters of open flavour bottom and bottom strange mesons using instanton induced potential with additional confinement
Authors: Pandya Bhoomika , Shah Manan N , Vinodkumar P C
Published: January 2023

The mass spectra for the heavy-light

(
b

q

¯

)

; q = u or d and s bottom and bottom strange mesons are computed based on the instanton induced interactions inspired potential along with additional confinement term. Spectroscopic predictions for ground, radial and orbital states are provided. The low-lying states 1S and 1P are found to be in an excellent agreement with the PDG reported values. The predicted mass spectra strongly support the newly observed B

J
(5840) and B

J
(5970) by LHCb collaboration as 21
S
0 and 13
D
3 states respectively. Apart from the mass spectra, the other observables like radiative transitions, decay constant for 1S state, the di-leptonic rare decays and the Cabibbo allowed two body hadronic decays are also predicted. The predicted value of branching ratio of rare decay

B

s

0

→

μ

+

μ

−

as 3.65 ×10−9 is in excellent agreement with the recent measurement of LHCb of

(

3.09

−
0.43

+
0.46

)
×

10

−
9

. The branching ratios of color favoured decays

B

(
s
)

→

D

(
s
)

(
*
)
−

π

+

and

B

(
s
)

→

D

(
s
)

(
*
)
−

ρ

+

are found to be exceeding by factor of two as compared to the PDG listed values. The mixing parameters of

B

q

0

−

B

q

0

¯

, ΔM

q
, x

q
and χ

q
are obtained as 0.512, 0.755 and 0.1877 respectively which are very close to the PDG listed values of 0.5065 ± 0.0019, 0.769 ± 0.004 and 0.1858 ± 0.0011 respectively.
Polaron states of the full-configuration defects in metal halide perovskites
Authors: Liu Yi-Yan , Cui Yu , Cai Chun-Yu , Deng Jia-Pei , Li Zhi-Qing , Wang Zi-Wu
Published: January 2023

The systematical analysis for varieties of defects with different depths and lattice relaxation strengths in metal halide perovskites (MHPs) is a challenging task. Here, we study the energy shifts of the full-configuration defects due to the polaron effect based on the all-coupling variational method in MHPs, where these polaron states are formed stemming from different defect species coupling with the longitudinal optical phonon modes via Fr

o

¨

hlich mechanism. We find that the polaron effect results in defect levels varying from tens to several hundreds of meV, which are very close to the correction of defect levels due to the defect-polaron effect, especially for these defects migration proved in the recent experiments in MHPs. These results provide the significant enlightenment not only for analyzing the radiation and non-radiation processes of carriers mediated by defects, but also for optimizing defect effect in the photovoltaic and photoelectric devices based on MHPs materials.
Self-organization and dewetting kinetics in sub-10 nm diblock copolymer line/space lithography
Authors: Chevalier Xavier , Pound-Lana Gwenaelle , Gomes Correia Cindy , Cavalaglio Sébastien , Cabannes-Boué Benjamin , Restagno Frédéric , Miquelard-Garnier Guillaume , Roland Sébastien , Navarro Christophe , Fleury Guillaume , Zelsmann Marc
Published: January 2023

In this work, we investigated the self-assembly of a lamellar block copolymer (BCP) under different wetting conditions. We explored the influence of the chemical composition of under-layers and top-coats on the thin film stability, self-assembly kinetics and BCP domain orientation. Three different chemistries were chosen for these surface affinity modifiers and their composition was tuned in order to provide either neutral wetting (i.e. an out-of-plane lamellar structure), or affine wetting conditions (i.e. an in-plane lamellar structure) with respect to a sub-10 nm PS-b-PDMSB lamellar system. Using such controlled wetting configurations, the competition between the dewetting of the BCP layer and the self-organization kinetics was explored. We also evaluated the spreading parameter of the BCP films with respect to the configurations of surface-energy modifiers and demonstrated that BCP layers are intrinsically unstable to dewetting in a neutral configuration. Finally, the dewetting mechanisms were evaluated with respect to the different wetting configurations and we clearly observed that the rigidity of the top-coat is a key factor to delay BCP film instability.
Monte Carlo modeling of Halcyon and Ethos radiotherapy beam using CAD geometry: validation and IAEA-compliant phase space
Authors: Laakkonen Linda , Lehtomäki Jouko , Cahill Alexander , Constantin Magdalena , Kulmala Antti , Harju Ari
Published: January 2023

Objective. A Monte Carlo (MC) model of a Halcyon and Ethos (Varian Medical Systems, a Siemens Healthineers Company) radiotherapy beam was validated and field-independent phase space (PHSP) files were recorded above the dual-layer multileaf collimators (MLC). Approach. The treatment head geometry was modeled according to engineering drawings and the dual-layer MLC was imported from CAD (computer-aided design) files. The information for the incident electron beam was achieved from an iterative electromagnetic solver. The validation of the model was performed by comparing the dose delivered by the square MLC fields as well as complex field measurements. Main results. An electron phase space was generated from linac simulations and achieved improved MC results. The output factors for square fields were within 1% and the largest differences of 5% were found in the build-up region of PDDs and the penumbra region of profiles. With the more complicated MLC-shaped field (Fishbone), the largest differences of up to 8% were found in the MLC leaf tip region due to the uncertainty of the MLC positioning and the mechanical leaf gap value. The impact of the collimator rotation on the PHSP solution has been assessed with both small and large fields, confirming negligible effects on in-field and out-of-field dose distributions. Significance. A computational model of the Halcyon and Ethos radiotherapy beam with a high accuracy implementation of the MLC was shown to be able to reproduce the radiation beam characteristics with square fields and more complex MLC-shaped fields. The field-independent PHSP files that were produced can be used as an accurate treatment head model above the MLC, and reduce the time to simulate particle transport through treatment head components.
Radial artery pulse wave velocity: a new characterization technique and the instabilities associated with the respiratory phase and breath-holding
Authors: Vainer Boris G
Published: January 2023

Objective. Pulse wave velocity (PWV) is a key diagnostic parameter of the cardiovascular system’s state. However, approaches aimed at PWV characterization often suffer from inevitable drawbacks. Statistical results demonstrating how closely PWV in the radial artery (RA) and the respiration phase correlate, as well as RA PWV evolution during breath-holding (BH), have not yet been presented in the literature. The aims of this study are (a) to propose a simple robust technique for measuring RA PWV, (b) to reveal the phase relation between the RA PWV and spontaneous breathing, and (c) to disclose the influence of BH on the RA PWV. Approach. The high-resolution remote breathing monitoring method Sorption-Enhanced Infrared Thermography (SEIRT) and the new technique aimed at measuring RA PWV described in this paper were used synchronously, and their measurement data were processed simultaneously. Main results. Spontaneous breathing leaves a synchronous ‘trace’ on the RA PWV. The close linear correlation of the respiration phase and the phase of concomitant RA PWV changes is statistically confirmed in five tested people (Pearson’s r is of the order of 0.5–0.8, P < 0.05). The BH appreciably affects the RA PWV. A phenomenon showing that the RA PWV is not indifferent to hypoxia is observed for the first time. Significance. The proposed technique for RA PWV characterization has high prospects in biomedical diagnostics. The presented pilot study deserves attention in the context of the mutual interplay between respiratory and cardiovascular systems. It may also be useful in cases where peripheral pulse wave propagation helps assess respiratory function.
Novel SOLPS-ITER simulations of X-point target and snowflake divertors
Authors: Cowley C , Kuang A Q , Moulton D , Lore J D , Canik J , Umansky M , Wigram M , Ballinger S , Lipschultz B , Bonnin X
Published: January 2023

The design and understanding of alternative divertor configurations may be crucial for achieving acceptable steady-state heat and particle material loads for magnetic confinement fusion reactors. Multiple X-point alternative divertor geometries such as snowflakes and X-point targets have great potential in reducing power loads, but have not yet been simulated widely in codes with kinetic neutrals. This paper discusses recent changes made to the SOLPS-ITER code to allow for the simulation of X-point target and low-field side snowflake divertor geometries. Snowflake simulations using this method are presented, in addition to the first SOLPS-ITER simulation of the X-point target. Analysis of these results show reasonable consistency with the simple modelling and theoretical predictions, supporting the validity of the methodology implemented.
Research on a percussion-based bolt looseness identification method based on phase feature and convolutional neural network
Authors: Liu Pengtao , Wang Xiaopeng , Chen Tianning , Wang Yongquan , Mao Feiran , Liu Wenhang
Published: January 2023

The percussion-based method has become a hot spot for bolt looseness monitoring due to its advantages of non-contact sensing, portability, and low cost. However, the features of bolt looseness in percussion methods lack phase information. In this paper, a percussion method based on the all-pole group delay function in the phase domain is proposed for the first time, and the bolt looseness is determined by a convolutional neural network. Under the four signal-to-noise ratio levels (0, 2, 4 and 6 dB), the accuracy of the proposed method is 90.25%, 92.75%, 93.5% and 94%. The experiment proves the percussion audio signal of the structural point away from the bolt can reflect the looseness of the bolt. The phase feature can represent the information of bolt looseness and has fast training speed and high recognition accuracy, which is suitable for detecting bolt looseness torque.
Device-independent self-testing of unsharp measurements
Authors: Roy Prabuddha , Pan A K
Published: January 2023

Semi-device-independent certification of an unsharp instrument has recently been demonstrated (2019 New J. Phys.
21 083034) based on the sequential sharing of quantum advantages in a prepare-measure communication game by assuming the system to be qubit. In this work, we provide device-independent (DI) self-testing of the unsharp instrument through the quantum violation of two Bell inequalities where the devices are uncharacterized and the dimension of the system remains unspecified. We introduce an elegant sum-of-squares approach to derive the dimension-independent optimal quantum violation of Bell inequalities which plays a crucial role. Note that the standard Bell test cannot self-test the post-measurement states and consequently cannot self-test unsharp instrument. The sequential Bell test possess the potential to self-test an unsharp instrument. We demonstrate that there exists a trade-off between the maximum sequential quantum violations of the Clauser–Horne–Shimony–Holt inequality, and they form an optimal pair that enables the DI self-testing of the entangled state, the observables, and the unsharpness parameter. Further, we extend our study to the case of elegant Bell inequality and we argue that it has two classical bounds—the local bound and the non-trivial preparation non-contextual bound, lower than the local bound. Based on the sharing of preparation contextuality by three independent sequential observers, we demonstrate the DI self-testing of two unsharpness parameters. Since an actual experimental scenario involves losses and imperfection, we demonstrate robustness of our certification to noise.
Structural, morphological, and electrochemical studies of Mg2SiO4-Pr6O11 nanocomposite for energy storage applications
Authors: Karthikeyan B , Sakthiraj K , Sakthivel A
Published: January 2023

Owing to not only the high demand in the development of new materials for the energy storage applications but also the high abundance of magnesium orthosilicate (Mg2SiO4) belonging to olivine group of minerals in Earth, magnesium orthosilicate (called as MOS) nanoparticle and magnesium orthosilicate–praseodymium oxide (Mg2SiO4–Pr6O11) (MOS-PO) nanocomposite have been chosen to explore mainly their electrochemical characteristics. The MOS nanoparticle and MOS-PO nanocomposite were synthesized using sol-gel method. The characterization techniques such as x-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive x-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, Zeta potential analyzer, and Cyclic Voltammetry (CV) were used to investigate the structural, morphological, and electrochemical properties of the prepared samples. Using Scherrer’s equation, phase identification was performed for the samples of MOS nanoparticle and MOS-PO nanocomposite with crystallite sizes 43 nm and 52 nm, respectively. The respective average particle sizes of 39 nm and 50 nm were observed for MOS nanoparticle and MOS-PO nanocomposite, using SEM images, and these values along with the images revealed the formation of spherical nanoparticles along with some agglomerates. The Zeta potential of the samples was calculated to analyze the stability of the nanoparticles. The electrochemical characterization was performed using the sample coated Mg foil as the working electrode and 0.5 M of KOH solution as the electrolyte, with the help of cyclic voltametric technique. The CV analysis was conducted ranging from 1.5 to −1.5 V at various scan rates of 25, 50, 100, 200, and 300 mVs−1. For MOS-PO nanocomposite, the maximum specific capacitance of 1812 Fg−1 was observed at a scan rate of 25 mVs−1. The results showed the possibility of the usage of MOS-PO nanocomposite material in the application of energy storage devices.
Analysis of transition path ensemble in the exactly solvable models via overdamped langevin equation
Authors: Li De-Zhang , Zeng Jia-Rui , Huang Wei-Jie , Yao Yao , Yang Xiao-Bao
Published: January 2023

Transition of a system between two states is an important but difficult problem in natural science. In this article we study the transition problem in the framework of transition path ensemble. Using the overdamped Langevin method, we introduce the path integral formulation of the transition probability and obtain the equation for the minimum action path in the transition path space. For the effective sampling in the transition path ensemble, we derive a conditional overdamped Langevin equation. In two exactly solvable models, the free particle system and the harmonic system, we present the expression of the conditional probability density and the explicit solutions for the conditional Langevin equation and the minimum action path. The analytic results demonstrate the consistence of the conditional Langevin equation with the desired probability distribution in the transition. It is confirmed that the conditional Langevin equation is an effective tool to sample the transition path ensemble, and the stationary action principle actually leads to the most probable path.
The study of oxygenation dynamics during experimental tumor growth using frequency-domain diffuse optical spectroscopy
Authors: Kalganova Tatiana , Maslennikova Anna , Orlova Anna , Golubiatnikov German , Ivanova Irina , Turchin Ilya
Published: January 2023

The objective of this work was to study the dynamics and mechanisms of oxygenation changes of an experimental rat tumor Plyss lymphosarcoma in the process of its growth using diffuse optical spectroscopy (DOS). DOS in trans-illumination configuration utilizing high-frequency (140 MHz) modulation of light intensity is used to assess absorption and scattering coefficients averaged over tumor tissue at several wavelengths 684, 794, and 850 nm. Those values were used to assess concentrations of tissue oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin and oxygen saturation. During the observation period (from the 5th to the 15th day after transplantation) the tumor volume increased up to 25 times. In the process of tumor growth, a gradual increase in the content of deoxyhemoglobin, a decrease of oxyhemoglobin level, and a decrease of blood oxygen saturation without changes in the level of total tissue hemoglobin concentration were observed. Thus, the main mechanisms of oxygen saturation decrease in the process of tumor growth are associated with two effects: the increase of oxygen consumption rate (demonstrated by the increase of deoxyhemoglobin) and the decrease of oxygen supply (demonstrated by the decrease of oxyhemoglobin).
Layer thickness dependent plastic deformation mechanism in Ti/TiCu dual-phase nano-laminates
Authors: An Minrong , Lei Yuefeng , Su Mengjia , Liu Lanting , Deng Qiong , Song Haiyang , Shang Yu , Wang Chen
Published: January 2023

Crystalline/amorphous nanolaminate is an effective strategy to improve the mechanical properties of metallic materials, but the underlying deformation mechanism is still under the way of exploring. Here, the mechanical properties and plastic deformation mechanism of Ti/TiCu dual-phase nanolaminates (DPNLs) with different layer thicknesses are investigated using molecular dynamics simulations. The results indicate that the influence of the layer thickness on the plastic deformation mechanism in crystalline layer is negligible, while it affects the plastic deformation mechanism of amorphous layers distinctly. The crystallization of amorphous TiCu is exhibited in amorphous parts of the Ti/TiCu DPNLs, which is inversely proportional to the layer thickness. It is observed that the crystallization of the amorphous TiCu is a process driven by stress and heat. Young’s moduli for the Ti/TiCu DPNLs are higher than those of composite material due to the amorphous/crystalline interfaces. Furthermore, the main plastic deformation mechanism in crystalline part: grain reorientation, transformation from hexagonal-close-packed-Ti to face-centered cubic-Ti and body-centered cubic-Ti, has also been displayed in the present work. The results may provide a guideline for design of high-performance Ti and its alloy.
High-temperature continuous-wave operation of 1310 nm InAs/GaAs quantum dot lasers
Authors: Su Xiang-Bin , Shao Fu-Hui , Hao Hui-Ming , Qing Liu-Han , Li Shu-Lun , Dai De-Yan , Shang Xiang-Jun , Wang Tian-Fang , Zhang Yu , Yang Cheng-Ao , Xu Ying-Qiang , Ni Hai-Qiao , Ding Ying , Niu Zhi-Chuan
Published: January 2023

Here we report 1.3 μm electrical injection lasers based on InAs/GaAs quantum dots (QDs) grown on a GaAs substrate, which can steadily work at 110 °C without visible degradation. The QD structure is designed by applying the Stranski–Krastanow growth mode in solid source molecular beam epitaxy. The density of InAs QDs in the active region is increased from 3.8 × 1010 cm−2 to 5.9 × 1010 cm−2. As regards laser performance, the maximum output power of devices with low-density QDs as the active region is 65 mW at room temperature, and that of devices with the high-density QDs is 103 mW. Meanwhile the output power of high-density devices is 131 mW under an injection current of 4 A at 110 °C.
Trends in runaway electron plateau partial recombination by massive H2 or D2 injection in DIII-D and JET and first extrapolations to ITER and SPARC
Authors: Hollmann E.M. , Baylor L. , Boboc A. , Carvalho P. , Eidietis N.W. , Herfindal J.L. , Jachmich S. , Lvovskiy A. , Paz-Soldan C. , Reux C. , Shiraki D. , Sweeney R.
Published: January 2023

Experimental trends in thermal plasma partial recombination resulting from massive

D

2

injection into high-Z (Ar) containing runaway electron (RE) plateaus in DIII-D and JET are studied for the purpose of achieving sufficiently low electron density (

n

e

≈

10

18

m

−
3

) to increase RE final loss MHD levels. In both DIII-D and JET, thermal electron density

n

e

is found to drop by ∼100

×

when the thermal plasma partially recombines, with a minimum at a vacuum vessel-averaged

D

2

density in the range

10

20

−

10

21

m

−
3

. RE effective resistivity also drops after partial recombination, indicating expulsion of the Ar content. The

n

e

level after partial recombination is found to increase as RE current is increased. The amount of initial Ar in the RE plateau is not observed to have a strong effect on partial recombination. Partial recombination timescales of order 5 ms in DIII-D and 15 ms in JET are observed. These basic trends and timescales are matched with a 1D diffusion model, which is then used to extrapolate to ITER and SPARC tokamaks. Within the approximations of this model, it is predicted that ITER will be able to achieve sufficiently low

n

e

values on time scales faster than expected RE plateau vertical drift timescales (of order 100 ms), provided sufficient

D

2

or

H

2

is injected. In SPARC, it is predicted that achieving significant

n

e

recombination will be challenging, due to the very high RE current density. In both ITER and SPARC, it is predicted that achieving low

n

e

will be easier with Ar as a background impurity (rather than Ne).
Mass fluctuations in random average transfer process in open set-up
Authors: Dandekar Rahul , Kundu Anupam
Published: January 2023

We define a new mass transport model on a one-dimensional lattice of size N with continuous masses at each site. The lattice is connected to mass reservoirs of different ‘chemical potentials’ at the two ends. The mass transfer dynamics in the bulk is equivalent to the dynamics of the gaps between particles in the random average process. In the non-equilibrium steady state, we find that the multi-site arbitrary order cumulants of the masses can be expressed as an expansion in powers of

1

/

N

where at each order the cumulants have a scaling form. We introduce a novel operator approach which allows us to compute these scaling functions at different orders of

1

/

N

. Moreover, this approach reveals that, to express the scaling functions for higher order cumulants completely one requires all lower order multi-site cumulants. This is in contrast to the Wick’s theorem in which all higher order cumulants are expressed solely in terms of two-site cumulants. We support our results with evidence from Monte Carlo simulations.
Identification of Potential Fissure Zone in the Hospitality Area, Yogyakarta, Indonesia Using Microtremor Data
Authors: Prastowo R , Trianda O , Sari S N , Adhi M A
Published: January 2023

In order to increase employment, community income, regional income, state income, and foreign exchange profits, efforts to develop and utilize various tourism potentials are one of the core industries that can drive economic activity, including other connected sector activities. Yogyakarta’s various tourism potentials are linked to other tourism accommodations, such as hotel buildings. In December 2019, the number of tourists to Yogyakarta who stayed in hotels reached 9.01 million. Of course, tourists’ water requirements are numerous, causing the groundwater level to drop. The reduction of groundwater levels is coupled with sloping topography, which increases the risk of soil fissures in the Yogyakarta city region. Because it is located in the ring of fire, Yogyakarta is vulnerable to earthquakes. Based on microtremor data, the goal of this study was to identify regions prone to earthquake-induced soil fissures caused by excessive groundwater extraction. Geological investigations and microtremor measurements are used in the research. The findings suggest that most of the study region has the potential for soil fracture due to earthquakes, with ground share strain values on the order of 10-4. However, no liquefaction potential because the most significant value of ground share strain is 0.000141.
Air Quality Analysis and Dispersion Modelling by Using AERMOD for Amonia (NH3) Parameters on Toll Roads in Makassar City
Authors: Ramli M I , Rani N M , Zafany A A
Published: January 2023

Toll roads are alternative roads that are commonly used in urban areas to avoid congestion on local roads due to the increase in the number of vehicles during peak hours such as in the morning and evening. The existence of the Elevated Toll Road as a new icon in Makassar City has further increased the public’s desire to choose to cross the Toll Road. This situation causes changes in the volume of vehicles which are in the number of vehicle emissions that pass along the toll road. Ammonia (NH3) is a compound produced by vehicle emissions, but this has not been studied much because in general NH3 is produced from biological processes in the soil and processing factory waste. When ammonia enters the atmosphere and combines with the main pollutant it will form PM 2. The research was conducted at 9 points of the Makassar Toll Road including 3 points in Reformasi Toll Road and 6 points in Ir. Sutami Toll Road. The purpose of this study was to analyze the level of NH3 concentration in ambient air based on direct measurements using an impinger according to SNI 19-7119.1-2005 and to analyze the distribution pattern of pollutants using AERMOD software. The results showed that the concentration of NH3 pollutants on the Makassar Toll Road ranged from 5.99 g/Nm3 – 17.07 g/Nm3, while the results of NH3 dispersion modeling showed concentrations between 1.55 g/Nm3 – 13.3 g/Nm3. The concentration level of Ammonia (NH3) is still below the threshold value required by the National Ambient Air Quality Standards, which is 400 g/Nm3.
The Role of the Mining and Quarrying Sector in the Economic Growth of Kolaka District, Southeast Sulawesi Province, Indonesia
Authors: Asmiani N , Yusuf F N , Bakri S , Jafar N , Nawir A , Nurwaskito A , Syaifullah M , Said M S , Widodo S
Published: January 2023

The mining sector is one of the economic sectors that influences the economic growth of a region. Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) is one of the indicators to observe the gross economic condition of a region. In this study, an analysis was conducted on the role of the mining sector and other economic sectors in the regional economic growth of Kolaka District based on the GRDP data. The goal is to determine the basis of the economic sectors that could increase the economic growth of the Kolaka District and the potential of the mining sector in supporting the economic growth of this region. This research required GRDP data of Kolaka District and Southeast Sulawesi Province based on the constant price for the 2010 base year according to the business fields from 2010 to 2018 and general conditions as well as the map of Kolaka District. The research methods used in this study were the location quotient analysis and shift-share analysis. Judging from the contribution of the mining sector to GRDP, the value of LQ > 1, which means the mining sector is a basic sector or a sector that can encourage economic growth in Kolaka District even able to export outside the region of Kolaka District and the mining sector it is a sector that shows fast and progressive growth.
Lithology Interpretation Based on Drilling and Geophysical Well Logging Data at Pit G Roto North PT Kideco Jaya Agung, Paser District, East Kalimantan Province.
Authors: Wahyuddin Z A , Kadri K A , Widodo S
Published: January 2023

Coal is a non-renewable energy source and has a role that almost competes with petroleum. In this connection, it is necessary to explore and inventory coal resources. One of the exploration stages is drilling where data from drilling results can be used for coal resources and reserves estimation. PT Kideco Jaya Agung is one of the biggest coal mining companies in Indonesia, located in Paser District, East Kalimantan Province. In carrying out its drilling, PT Kideco uses the open hole, touch coring, and full coring drilling methods then compares it with the results of geophysical logging to obtain accurate coal thickness and depth data. Drilling data was obtained in the form of rock samples. The logging process is carried out after the drilling stage is complete. Logging methods used are gamma-ray logs, density logs, HRD logs, and BRD logs. Lithology interpretation is done by comparing rock sample data and log curves. The results of the interpretation of coal seams in drill hole ZA04 were found at a depth of 102.5 – 128.5 m with a true thickness of 10.78 m and in drill hole ZA05 coal was found at a depth of 106.2 – 121.7 m with a true thickness of 3.63 m.
Mineral Matter Analysis on Coal and Flanking Rocks in the Bulupoddo District, Sinjai Regency, South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia
Authors: Fitrawan M , Sufriadin  , Widodo S
Published: January 2023

South and West Sulawesi has coal resources of about 117 million tons or about 0.35% of the total resources nationally. Bulupoddo coal located in Sinjai Regency is a type of coal that is categorized as low rank coal. This study was conducted to identify the minerals contained in coal and its flanking rock (roof and floor) and determine the rank and quality of coal. The methods used are mineralogy and coal quality analysis methods. Field observations shows a type of coal that is about 50 cm thin and flanked by clay and sandstone. The results of microscope and XRD analysis (X-Ray Diffraction) showed minerals contained in Bulupoddo coal, namely in BP-01B (coal) and BP-01E (coal) samples containing kaolinite, illite, pyrite and quartz minerals. In the flanking rock samples, the samples of BP-01A (clay) and BP-01D (clay) contain the minerals kaolinite, illite, pyrite, quartz and chlorite. In the BP-01C (sand) sample indicated as sandstone contains feldspar, quartz and kaolinite minerals. The results of the coal quality analysis that have been carried out on the two coal samples, namely BP-01B and BP-01E, show that the BP-01B sample has a moisture content of 7.74%, an ash content of 54.23%, volatile matter is 23.35%, fixed carbon 14.68%, and total sulfur content by 0.37%. While the sample BP-01E has a moisture content of 9.2%, ash content of 67.76%, volatile matter 18.23%, fixed carbon 4.81% and sulfur content is 0.49%. The calorific value of the test results shows that the coal sample BP-01B has a calorific value of 1953 kcal/gr and BP-01E has a calorific value of 853 kcal/gr. The calorific value of Bulupoddo coal is categorized as lignite B type coal according to coal classification based on ASTM (American Society of Testing Materials).