bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The insect HR38 nuclear receptor, a member of the NR4A subfamily, is a synchronizer of reproductive activity in a moth
Authors: Gassias Edmundo , Durand Nicolas , Demondion Elodie , Bourgeois Thomas , Bozzolan Françoise , Debernard Stéphane
Published: September 2018

In the male moth, Agrotis ipsilon, the behavioural response and neuron sensitivity within the olfactory centres, the antennal lobes (ALs), to female sex pheromone increase with age, in correlation with the maturation of sex accessory glands (SAGs). By contrast, newly mated males cease to be attracted to sex pheromone and remate when their SAGs are refilled during the next night. The insect hormone receptor 38 (HR38), an ortholog of the vertebrate NR4A receptors, is a component of ecdysteroid signalling pathway which controls adult male physiology and behaviour. Here, we cloned the A. ipsilon HR38 (AiHR38) and explored its function in the coordination of reproductive events in the male. AiHR38 was detected in SAGs and ALs, and where its amount raised with age, in parallel with SAG protein content and sex pheromone responsiveness. By contrast, the AL and SAG AiHR38 expressions declined at 0–2 h after mating, in linking with depletion of SAG protein reserves and loss of sensitivity to sex pheromone. The increased AL and SAG AiHR38 expressions at 20–24 h postmating coincided with replenishing of SAGs and recovery of sensitivity to sex pheromone for a new mating. Moreover, AiHR38 knockdown resulted in reduction in SAG protein amount and disruption of sex pheromone‐orientated flight. These results show that the insect HR38 is essential both for SAG activity, probably by controlling the protein synthesis, and display of male sexual behaviour, and that the concomitant regulation of its expression within SAGs and olfactory centres contributes to synchronisation between fertility and sexual activity.

Database

The nucleotide sequence of Agrotis ipsilon HR38 is available in the DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank databases under the accession number MF402845.
Benefit of the doubt approach to assessing the research performance of Australian universities
Authors: Szuwarzyński Andrzej
Published: September 2018

This paper proposes a benefit of the doubt (BoD) approach to assess the research performance of 37 public Australian universities based on data from 2015. The primary activities of Higher Education institutions are teaching and research, but the prestige of a university depends mainly on the results of its research activities. The BoD method is rooted in the data envelopment analysis methodology, which enables the flexible and data‐based assignment of weights to aggregated variables. Full weighting flexibility, however, allows zero weights, which can lead to unrealistic results. For this reason, the proposed model has been supplemented with additional weight restrictions. The assessment considers key performance factors: number of publications and citations; number of completed doctoral degrees; amount of research grants; and percentage of science graduates. Unlike earlier research on Australian universities, this study uses the number of publications and citations from the Web of Science database. The results provide a ranking of universities and recommendations for decision makers regarding the direction of future improvement actions for the worst‐performing universities.
HEGEL AND PATHOLOGIZED MODERNITY, OR THE END OF SPIRIT IN THE ANTHROPOCENE
Authors: LUMSDEN SIMON
Published: September 2018

This article has two broad concerns, both of which are pursued primarily with reference to Hegel's philosophy of history. First, it examines whether Hegel can help explain the difficulty we have in modernity in responding to climate change and ecological crisis. It argues that Hegel provides a useful analysis of this problem, since the model of self‐determination that he appeals to is comprehensively embedded in embodied forms of culture. This helps explain why even a self‐correcting worldview like modernity is obdurate in the face of this crisis. Second, Hegel claims that the defining attribute of spirit is its capacity for self‐production. Modernity is characterized by the emerging and widespread knowledge that spirit is self‐producing. Modernity develops institutions that facilitate and provide an objective reality for spirit's self‐production and its freedom. This aspect of the article examines whether the distinctive capacity of spirit for self‐determination, which is realized in modernity, is subject to the same atrophying conditions by which Hegel says all other historical shapes of spirit are characterized. It asks if the present ecological crisis, something that is directly attributable to spirit itself, represents the limits of self‐producing spirit. The article concludes by examining the difficult position of those countries that cannot be considered to be responsible for the emergence of the Anthropocene but whose actions in the present will amplify its impact.
5. REPLIES TO COMMENTS ON IMAGES OF HISTORY BY WARREN BRECKMAN, ROBERT R. CLEWIS, AND ESPEN HAMMER
Authors: ELDRIDGE RICHARD
Published: September 2018

In my replies to the perceptive and cogent observations and questions about my book offered by Warren Breckman, Robert Clewis, and Espen Hammer, I emphasize the thought that we must learn to live with standing tensions between settled institutions and improvisatory courses of action. In reply to Breckman, I suggest that Münchhausen's Trilemma is best regarded as a practical problem that should be addressed in different ways in different contexts rather than as an epistemological puzzle to be solved, and I embrace his rejection of methodological individualism. Although our evolved biology sets some limits and some possibilities, our practical lives are also relatively autonomous from biological determination. In reply to Robert Clewis, I emphasize that Kant has a picture of divine noumenal causation, dimly discernible in history and operating principally through human beings as agents, and I suggest, with Kant, that we may well be unable to explain in any satisfactory way the nature of this noumenal causation. In reply to Espen Hammer's worries about whether a dialogue between Kant and Benjamin is really possible without doing violence to one side or the other, I stress that I am not myself trying to develop a single consistent theory of the meaning of history. Instead, I am “working through” my own perplexity at the constitutive tensions that shape human life, including my own, and trying to see those tensions more clearly.
Optimal provision of public intermediate goods with imperfect competition: A note
Authors: Yoshida Masatoshi , Turnbull Stephen J.
Published: September 2018

In a model where a public intermediate good and differentiated private intermediate goods produce a final good, this paper explores multiplier effects on aggregate output of the private goods of the public good, and the optimal level of government spending on it. When it provides a Hicks‐neutral enhancement of productivities of private inputs, its second‐best level is identical to its first‐best level because the multiplier effect is independent of its level. However, when the public good is non‐neutral, the second‐best supply level is lower (higher) than the first‐best when it is purely goods‐saving (labor‐saving).
Influence of guar gum on the baking quality of gluten‐free cheese bread made using frozen and chilled dough
Authors: Zapata Francisco , Zapata Estefanía , Rodríguez‐Sandoval Eduardo
Published: September 2018

The aim of the study was to assess the effect of guar gum on the quality and textural properties of gluten‐free (GF) cheese bread made using chilled and frozen GF cheese dough. The guar gum addition was at 3.5% (G3.5), 4% (G4) and 4.5% (G4.5) levels, based on the weight of the cheese in the product. Samples of frozen dough with 3.5% guar gum and of chilled dough with 4.5% guar gum were chosen for sensory analysis as they had the closest hardness and specific volume to samples of fresh dough and dough without guar gum (Control). The overall consumer acceptance of samples that had been processed using freezing treatment presented the lowest liking score due to the light salty taste.
High hydrostatic pressure treatment for manufacturing of garlic powder with improved microbial safety and antioxidant activity
Authors: Park Ilbum , Kim Jeong Un , Shahbaz Hafiz Muhammad , Jung Dongseok , Jo Munhui , Lee Kyung Seo , Lee Hyunah , Park Jiyong
Published: September 2018

The traditional method of manufacturing garlic powder (GP) that includes simple grinding of air‐dried garlic slices has problems of microbial safety and a pungent flavour for this product. Microbiologically safe GP with a less pungent flavour and better antioxidant activities was manufactured using high hydrostatic pressure (HHP), wet grinding and freeze‐drying process. The numbers of total aerobic bacteria and yeasts and molds in untreated (without HHP) GP were 3.64 and 2.47 log CFU/g respectively. Garlic powder treated with 600 MPa HHP for 5 min exhibited a total aerobes count of 1.62 CFU/g and a yeasts and molds count of 1.43 log CFU/g. The diallyl disulfide content, which is responsible for the pungent odour of garlic, was also significantly reduced by HHP due to a decrease in the alliinase activity. Hence, a novel process using HHP can help to produce GP with improved microbial safety, flavour and nutrition.
Selective separation and characterisation of dual ACE and DPP‐IV inhibitory peptides from rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) protein hydrolysates
Authors: Ketnawa Sunantha , Suwal Shyam , Huang Jen‐Yi , Liceaga Andrea M.
Published: September 2018

Microwave pretreatment and hydrolysis were applied to rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) by‐products to produce bioactive peptides with dual in vitro angiotensin‐I converting enzyme (ACE) and dipeptidyl‐peptidase IV (DPP‐IV) inhibitory activities. Peptides were fractionated using the single step electrodialysis with ultrafiltration membrane (EDUF). Concentration of cationic peptides (CP) increased in the recovery solution, reaching 125 μg mL−1 after a 4‐h treatment with migration rate of 15.68 ± 2.98 g m−2 h. CP fractions displayed ACE and DPP‐IV I inhibitory properties, with IC50 values of 0.0036 mg mL−1 and 1.23 mg mL−1 respectively. The bioactivity was attributed to the low molecular weight peptides (300–500 Da) recovered. CP exhibited non‐competitive inhibition patterns for ACE and DPP‐IV, which were dose dependent. These results showed that bioactive peptides can successfully be separated from complex hydrolysate mixtures by EDUF. The fractionated peptides can serve as potential functional food ingredients or nutraceuticals for the management of hypertension and diabetes.
Anthropogenic and environmental factors affect the tree line position of Fagus sylvatica along the Apennines (Italy)
Authors: Bonanomi Giuliano , Rita Angelo , Allevato Emilia , Cesarano Gaspare , Saulino Luigi , Di Pasquale Gaetano , Allegrezza Marina , Pesaresi Simone , Borghetti Marco , Rossi Sergio , Saracino Antonio
Published: September 2018

Aim

High‐elevation forest line or tree line is an ecological ecotone representing the upper elevation thermal limit for forest development. The current tree line position is the result of the past human activity interacting with climatic and topographic conditions. In this study, we investigate how climate, local topographic factors and anthropogenic disturbance currently affect tree line distribution.

Location

Apennine Mountains, 900 km latitudinal gradient along the Italian Peninsula.

Methods

Overall, 302 mountain peaks were studied, comprising 3,622 km of measured tree lines. The position of the Fagus sylvatica tree line in all peaks was assessed and correlated with 58 selected variables representing climate, topography and human disturbance.

Results

The mean tree line elevation was 1,589 m a.s.l., with considerable variability among peaks. Contrary to our expectations, the tree line elevation was lower in the warmer southerly exposed slopes compared to north‐facing aspects, where we found the highest tree line (2,141 m a.s.l.). Correlation analysis indicates that both climatic and human density variables are associated with tree line elevation, with the climate having more influence in high elevation mountains, while human impact plays a prominent role in low elevation mountain peaks. Specifically, we found negative correlations between density of the resident population around each peak and tree line elevation at all examined dates (1861, 1921, and 2011), suggesting a pervasive negative impact of human activity on tree lines. As regards climatic variables, tree line elevation showed a stronger negative correlation with winter and spring months temperature than with mean annual temperature. Noteworthy, climatic variables had stronger effect on high elevation peaks (>1,900 m a.s.l.) compared with low elevation ones (<1,900 m a.s.l.).

Main Conclusion

Our data provide evidence that the current position of the F. sylvatica tree line in the Apennines is heavily depressed as a result of a complex interaction between climatic factors and the past human pressure.
Socioeconomic transition and its influence on body mass index (BMI) pattern in Bangladesh
Authors: Biswas Raaj Kishore , Kabir Enamul , Khan Hafiz T.A.
Published: September 2018

Rationale, aims, and objectives

Bangladesh is an underdeveloped country that has recently joined the ranks of low‐middle‐income countries. This study aims to investigate how socioeconomic and developmental factors have influenced women towards a shift in their body mass index (BMI).

Methods

The trend was analysed using data on ever‐married women from 6 nationwide surveys covering the years 1996 to 2014, conducted by the Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS). To assess the relationship between the socioeconomic factors and BMI, binary regression models were fitted for 6 surveys and forest plots were applied to display the results.

Results

Factors such as age, education, residence, economic status, and contraceptive use were found to have had an increasing influence on BMI over the years that were being analysed. Age and education for women were potential factors influencing BMI. Growing urbanization and economic inequality were found to have been substantial over time, and marital status and contraceptive use were influential whilst the employment status of women held no consequence.

Conclusions

Rapid urbanization allied with growing wealth inequality and dietary alteration seems to have forced a change in the capacity of women in Bangladesh to control their weight. Additional information is still needed on such factors as the amount of time that women are inactive and sitting down, for example, as well as their daily calorie intake in order to assemble all the pieces for addressing necessary health policy changes in Bangladesh. These factors will also help to indicate a shift of focus from rural malnutrition to urban obesity.
How can methods of placental delivery in cesarean section affect perioperative blood loss? A randomized controlled trial of controlled cord traction versus manual removal of placenta
Authors: Altraigey Ahmed , Ellaithy Mohamed , Atia Hytham , Ali Ibrahim , Kolkailah Mohamed , Abbas Ahmed
Published: September 2018

Aim

Of the different described methods of placental delivery during cesarean section (CS), manual removal and cord traction are the most commonly used techniques. The ideal method of placental delivery during CS is still a conflicting issue as the data derived from the previous studies are widely heterogeneous and inconsistent. This study has investigated the effect of two different methods of placental delivery, controlled cord traction and manual removal, on perioperative blood loss.

Methods

This randomized controlled trial recruited 345 pregnant women scheduled for elective cesarean delivery at term. Eligible participants were randomly assigned to have their placentae delivered either by manual removal or cord traction. Perioperative blood loss was the study primary outcome measure.

Results

A total of 300 women were included in the final analysis. The longer placental delivery time in the cord traction group (n = 150) (60 s. [45–61.25] versus 45 s. [35–60] in the manual placental delivery group, P < 0.001) was associated with a statistically significant but clinically insignificant higher visually estimated blood loss (500 mL [interquartile range, 500–700] versus 500 mL [interquartile range, 400–500] in the manual removal group, P < 0.001). Although there were statistically significant differences in the hemoglobin levels, postoperatively, these differences were clinically insignificant and were not reflected in the corresponding deficits and percentages of deficit at 12‐ and 48‐h postoperative intervals.

Conclusions

Of the studied placental delivery techniques, there were no clinically significant differences in terms of the considered intraoperative and postoperative outcomes; hence, the practice of placental delivery can be left up to obstetrician's discretion and intraoperative scenario.
What is the best treatment for a child with an acute tear of the anterior cruciate ligament?
Authors: Smith Innes DM , Irfan Ahmer , Huntley James S , Spencer Simon J
Published: September 2018

With the heightened popularity of childhood sporting activity, the number of paediatric anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) ruptures has increased. Management of these injuries presents a particular challenge due to the open femoral and tibial growth plates. Physeal damage has the potential to cause angular deformity or length discrepancy. This review was conducted to determine the best way to treat this injury. A primary search of Ovid MEDLINE (1 October 2017) used the terms: (ACL or anterior cruciate ligament) and (young or child or children or pediatric or immature or pre‐pubescent). Titles/Abstracts of 369 articles were screened for relevance. A total of 217 were excluded, leaving 152 articles for full‐paper retrieval. Of these, 9 articles remained with one further article identified during cross‐referencing; 10 papers (1 level 2 and 9 level 3) were included for analysis. Comparative studies investigating surgical (140 knees) versus conservative (110 knees) treatment provide evidence in favour of the former, in reducing instability and meniscal tears and improving return to previous activity. Of the papers analysed (163 reconstructions), there was only one case of growth arrest (0.6%) and no cases of length discrepancy. In those studies investigating early (218 patients) versus delayed (140 patients) reconstruction, medial meniscal tears and chondral injuries occurred more frequently in the delayed group. To conclude, for children, there is level 2/3 evidence that early operative ACL reconstruction offers the best chance of a return to pre‐injury sporting activity and minimises the risks of further structural damage. Iatrogenic growth disturbance remains a rare but worrying complication.
Skin tag over the scrotum in infancy
Authors: Hung Yi‐Li , Shen Chun‐Min , Hsieh Wu‐Shiun
Published: September 2018

See Answer
Perspective: Leveraging Open Innovation through Paradox
Authors: Lauritzen Ghita Dragsdahl , Karafyllia Maria
Published: September 2018

In search of fresh ideas, firms increasingly engage with external contributors in open innovation collaborations. However, research has found that such collaborations frequently fail, and has pointed to conflicting demands of control and openness. On the one hand, firms want controlled and selective participation, clarity of purpose, and a choice of ideas based on their own current capacity and value appropriation strategies. On the other, their external contributors tend to want open and unfettered participation, the creative potential of the ideaper se, and unrestricted knowledge sharing. This article proposes to shift the conceptual frame from looking at the tensions between control and openness as problems to looking at them as synergies. Drawing on the literature of open innovation and organizational paradox, this article contributes a novel perspective on open innovation that suggests how firms can leverage open innovation collaborations through paradox by combining practices based on differentiation and integration.
Laciniporus arabicusgen. et sp. nov. (Dinophyceae, Peridiniales), a new thecate, marine, sand‐dwelling dinoflagellate from the northern Indian Ocean (Arabian Sea)1
Authors: Saburova Maria , Chomérat Nicolas
Published: September 2018

A new thecate, photosynthetic, sand‐dwelling marine dinoflagellate,Laciniporus arabicusgen. et sp. nov., is described from the subtidal sediments of the Omani coast in the Arabian Sea, northern Indian Ocean, based on detailed morphological and molecular data. Cells ofL. arabicusare small (16.2–30.1 μm long and 13.1–23.2 μm wide), dorsoventrally compressed, with a small apical flap‐shaped projection pointing to the left. The thecal plate pattern is distinguished by minute first precingular plate and sulcus, which extends into the epitheca, with large anterior and right sulcal plates. The Kofoidian thecal tabulation is Po, X, 4′, 2a, 7′′, 6c, 6s, 5′′′, 2′′′′. Morphologically, the revealed plate pattern has an affinity to the Peridiniales, and LSU rDNA based phylogenetic analyses placedL. arabicuswithin the Thoracosphaeraceae, close to calcareous‐cyst producing scrippsielloids, predatory pfiesteriaceans, and photosynthetic freshwater peridinioidsChimonodinium lomnickiiandApocalathiumspp. However, the thecal plate arrangement ofL. arabicusdiffers noticeably from any currently described dinoflagellates, and the species stands out from closely related taxa by extensive differences in physiology and ecology.
Increased risk for new‐onset hypertension in midlife male snorers: The 14‐year follow‐up study
Authors: Lee Seung Ku , Choi Kanghoon , Chang Yoon Hee , Kim Jinyoung , Shin Chol
Published: September 2018

While the association between sleep‐related breathing disorders such as snoring and hypertension has been well established, it still remains unclear whether the association differs by age and gender. Therefore, in this 14‐year follow‐up study, we examined the independent association between self‐reported snoring and the incidence of hypertension by gender and age groups in a large cohort of Korean adults. A total of 4,954 adults, aged 40–69 years, free of hypertension at baseline were enrolled. Participants were divided into three groups based on a self‐reported snoring frequency: never; occasional (snoring <4 nights per week); and habitual snorer (snoring ≥4 nights). At baseline and biennial follow‐up visits, blood pressure was measured by trained examiners. Incident hypertension was defined as the first occurrence at any follow‐up examination where the participants had blood pressure ≥140/90 mmHg or were being treated with antihypertensive medication. After adjusting for known cardiovascular risk factors, only in men aged ≤45 years was habitual snoring significantly associated with a 1.5 times higher risk for incident hypertension than never snoring. In this age group, habitual snoring was significantly associated with increased risk for the development of hypertension, regardless of the presence of excessive daytime sleepiness. In women, snoring was not significantly associated with hypertension incidence in any age group. The present study suggests that young male snorers may be at high risk for the future development of hypertension, which has important clinical implications for early detection and treatment of snoring to reduce the burden of cardiovascular disease.
Encouraging civil servants to be frank and fearless: Merit recruitment and employee voice
Authors: Cooper Christopher A.
Published: September 2018

Recruiting civil servants on the basis of merit is believed to improve the quality of governance because it increases the bureaucracy's expertise, leads bureaucrats to develop distinct preferences and encourages them to candidly voice their opinions to others. Yet, to date, the reason why merit recruitment positively affects employee voice remains theoretically vague and has received little empirical scrutiny. This article advances this research by theoretically specifying why merit recruitment positively affects employee voice, and by empirically testing this association with survey data measuring the perceptions of federal civil servants in Canada. Controlling for several additional factors believed to influence employee voice, the results from various multivariate regression models show a robust and statistically significant association between merit recruitment and fear to voice a dissenting opinion. The more civil servants believe that merit recruitment is high, the less they fear reprisal for expressing a dissenting opinion to their superiors.
Melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy: A rare pediatric head and neck lesion
Authors: Owen Bryce , Foster Kimberly , Carlson Andrew , Santa Cruz Karen , Smidt Aimee
Published: September 2018

Melanotic neuroectodermal tumors of infancy are rare tumors arising from the neural crest and typically present during the first 12 months of life. The majority involve the facial bones, although melanotic neuroectodermal tumors of infancy of the skull and extremities have been observed with less frequency, as in the present case. This entity may initially be presented to the dermatologist as a scalp mass and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of infants with rapidly growing head and neck lesions.
In‐orbit geometric calibration and experimental verification of the ZY3‐02 laser altimeter
Authors: Xie Junfeng , Tang Xinming , Mo Fan , Tang Hongzhao , Wang Zhenming , Wang Xiao , Liu Yuxuan , Tian Shiqiang , Liu Ren , Xia Xuefei
Published: September 2018

ZY3‐02 is the first Chinese earth‐observation satellite equipped with a laser altimeter, designed to assist stereo‐image mapping elevations. Launch vibrations, the space environment and other factors, both expected and unexpected, cause bias in the designed ranging and pointing of the laser altimeter, influencing its height measurement accuracy. This paper proposes an in‐orbit geometric calibration model which considers this bias as unknown systematic errors. The unknown parameters were calibrated by the minimum ranging error principle using laser spot geolocation data captured by a ground‐based laser detector array. Based on precise orbit and attitude data, the precise geolocation information of the laser footprints could be obtained. Validation experiments show that the elevation precision of the laser altimeter can reach 1 m.
A Rumour of Empire: The Discourse of Contemporary Hindu Nationalism in Nepal
Authors: Wagner Luke
Published: September 2018

This article analyzes the discourse of contemporary Hindu nationalism in Nepal. Based on Hindu nationalist speeches and writings distributed between 2014 and 2015, this article demonstrates and explains the Nepali Hindu nationalist narrative that characterizes secularism as the product of a foreign conspiracy enacted in order to facilitate Christian conversion in Nepal. The article further illustrates how Hindu nationalist discourse suggests that imperial motivations lie behind the conspiracy. Four factors are crucial to understanding the emergence and valence of this narrative: 1) the historical relationship between the state and Hinduism in Nepal; 2) the pervasive sense that foreigners regularly interfere in Nepal's domestic politics; 3) the growth of Christianity in Nepal and its increasing visibility; and 4) a pre‐existing association between secularism and Christianity in Nepal's nationalist discourse.
Influence of methods of joint inspection during tibial plateau leveling osteotomy on the radiographic appearance of the patellar tendon
Authors: Owen Deandra J. , Manley Rebecca , Casale Sue A.
Published: September 2018

Objective

To determine the influence of methods of joint inspection during tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (TPLO) on radiographic appearance of the patellar tendon.

Study design

Retrospective study.

Animals

Client‐owned dogs (191) treated with TPLO (199).

Methods

Data collected from medical records included signalment, weight, duration of anesthesia and surgery, preoperative and postoperative tibial plateau angle (TPA), cranial cruciate ligament status, meniscal status, and meniscal treatment. Method of joint inspection was recorded as (1) arthroscopy (AR), (2) craniomedial parapatellar arthrotomy (CrMA), or (3) caudomedial arthrotomy (CdMA). The radiographic thickness of the patellar tendon (PTT) was measured preoperatively and at 8‐12 weeks postoperatively. Radiographic signs of patellar tendonitis were graded as 0‐2 on the basis of the severity of changes.

Results

Thirty‐nine dogs (41 stifles) underwent AR, 86 dogs (87 stifles) underwent CrMA, and 70 dogs (71 stifles) underwent CdMA. Durations of surgery (P < .001) and anesthesia (P < .001) were longer when joints were inspected by AR than by arthrotomies. PTT was greater after AR than after CrMA (P = .004) and CdMA (P < .001). The proportion of dogs with grade 1 or grade 2 PTT was greater after AR (78.04%) than after CrMA (52.87%, P = .0065) and CdMA (28.17%, P < .001).

Conclusion

The PTT was thicker 8‐12 weeks after TPLO when stifles were inspected arthroscopically rather than via arthrotomies.

Clinical significance

The method of stifle exploration during TPLO influences the postoperative radiographic appearance of the patellar tendon and may contribute to patellar tendinopathy.
Amauta(s): Antenor Orrego como maestro de vanguardia
Authors: Suárez Javier
Published: September 2018

La primera sección del ensayo ofrece un recuento histórico de las bohemias y ateneos en el Perú en tanto semilleros de vanguardia y en relación con la Bohemia de Trujillo. En la segunda parte, se analizan las ideas estético-pedagógicas de Antenor Orrego buscando descentralizar la revista Amauta a través de la búsqueda de amautas peruanos. Asimismo, se conectan los aportes educativos del trujillano con su labor intelectual. En la tercera parte, se analiza el impacto que la obra de Orrego tuvo en las vanguardias peruanas. El hallazgo de motivos comunes en los textos de Antenor Orrego, César Vallejo y Alcides Spelucín mostrará su constante colaboración.
Casa, hogar y objetos relacionais: resistencias al objeto como mercancía en la obra de Lygia Clark
Authors: Delgado Moya Sergio
Published: September 2018

Propongo ahondar en dos conceptos, hogar y objeto relacional, en tanto conciernen a la obra de Lygia Clark. Comienzo con algunas observaciones sobre el interés de Clark en ideas propias de la arquitectura. Mi propósito es llegar a un entendimiento más complejo, más problemático y menos familiar de la casa, del hogar y sobre todo de los objetos que pueblan estos espacios; espacios clave para la consolidación de la cultura de consumo y para la construcción de nociones hoy en día operantes de lo que constituye la subjetividad.
Lecturas de la literatura caribeña desde el Cono Sur (2005-2015)
Authors: Salto Graciela
Published: September 2018

Un desarrollo excepcional de la lectura, la edición y los estudios críticos sobre las literaturas del Caribe se observa en la última década en el Cono Sur. Este proceso es el resultado de la formación de redes literarias y editoriales, pero también de los desplazamientos y exilios que signaron muchos de los intercambios sedimentados en la larga duración. En este artículo se describen algunos de los puntos nodales de este proceso de construcción de un campo de lecturas y de difusión de las literaturas del Caribe en el sur y se ofrece una bibliografía detallada de las publicaciones de la última década.
Virtualidad, juego y presencia mediática en “Memorias y caminos”
Authors: Rodríguez Jaime Alejandro
Published: September 2018

Este artículo presenta el informe de resultados del proyecto de investigación/creación: “Memorias y caminos, plataforma hipermedia para ejercicios autobiográficos”. En un primer momento se presentan los marcos de motivación del trabajo y enseguida los marcos conceptuales y de diseño de la obra bajo las categorías de virtualización, juego, interactividad e intermedialidad, así como un análisis de varias entradas autobiográficas de la obra que corresponden a la noción de presencia mediática. El artículo termina con una presentación e ilustración de la forma como se accede y navega el Hipermedia.
Procesos de aprendizaje adulto en contextos de educación no formal
Authors: Acero Pereira Celia , Hidalgo M. Victoria , Jiménez Lucía
Published: September 2018

La compresión de los procesos de aprendizaje durante la adultez requiere considerar tanto el contexto de aprendizaje como las características personales de los aprendices. En este marco, el estudio que se describe en este artículo explora los procesos de aprendizaje adulto en contextos no formales siguiendo el modelo de Kolb (1984), a la vez que se analiza su variabilidad en función de diferentes características personales de los participantes. Los resultados obtenidos confirmaron la existencia de una importante variabilidad en las formas de aprender de los adultos participantes en la investigación, y mostraron que algunas características personales como las condiciones socio-laborales y la trayectoria personal de riesgo guardaban relación con las diferencias observadas. El papel de estas características personales, así como de otras variables relacionadas con los adultos como aprendices, es discutido, a la vez que se destacan importantes implicaciones metodológicas a tener en cuenta cuando se planifican experiencias educativas no formales con personas adultas.
Percepción de la infidelidad de adultos en el Área Metropolitana de Buenos Aires
Authors: Fuentes Cuinas Ana Alejandra , Koval Santiago
Published: September 2018

Se realizó un estudio exploratorio a 600 adultos del Área Metropolitana de Buenos Aires, vinculado con la infidelidad, tipificando la población por medio de una taxonomía de respuestas emocionales con un cuestionario online. Según estudios anteriores, y por el contrario que las mujeres, los hombres mostrarían reacciones celosas de tipo sexual y no emocional, ya que la infidelidad femenina podría conducir a la posibilidad de que tuvieran que mantener descendientes que no fueran genéticamente suyos. Las conductas se organizaron de acuerdo con la Perceptions of Dating Infidelity Scale, distinguiendo tres clases de respuestas: ambiguas, explícitas y las engañosas. Utilizando Chi cuadrado, se discuten las diferencias respecto a estas variables: la edad, el estado civil, el género, nivel educativo y creencias religiosas.
Dark and Bright Side of Claiming Discrimination: Making Attributions to Prejudice and Social Wellbeing among Immigrants in Spain
Authors: Bobowik Magdalena , Wlodarczyk Anna , Lay-Lisboa Siu
Published: September 2018

Research on the consequences of making attributions to prejudice for the psychological functioning of minority groups is still scare and rather inconsistent. In this study we set out to examine the consequences of making attributions to prejudice in response to social rejection for social wellbeing among immigrants in Spain. We tested this relationship and the mediating effects with representative samples of 1250 foreign-born immigrants who had lived for at least six months in the Basque Country, having been born in Bolivia, Colombia, Morocco, Romania, or Sub-Saharan African countries. The sample was drawn from public records and obtained through a probability sampling procedure by ethnicity with stratification by age and sex. We conducted mediation analyses using structural equation modeling (SEM) to verify whether the perceived ethnic discrimination effect on the five dimensions of social wellbeing was partially or completely explained by the attributions to prejudice. Our results indeed partially revealed that making attributions to prejudice protect social wellbeing form negative consequences of personal discrimination only the dimension of social contribution. In turn, attributions to prejudice explained the negative relationship between perceived discrimination and social acceptance and social actualization: that is, these dimensions of social wellbeing that reflect social trust. We discuss the results integrating social identity, social stigma, and positive psychology framework, through inclusion of societal aspects of wellbeing for measuring immigrants’ adaptation in the host society.
Migrantes colombianos en Chile: Tensiones y oportunidades en la Articulación de una Historia Personal
Authors: Rihm Bianchi Andrea , Sharim Kovalskys Dariela
Published: September 2018

Este artículo presenta y discute los resultados de un estudio cualitativo desarrollado en Chile, que exploró y analizó las significaciones atribuidas por migrantes colombianos adultos a sus experiencias. Se utilizaron relatos de vida y creaciones visuales para producir datos. Los resultados evidenciaron la pluralidad de significaciones en torno a la migración, así como el proceso continuo de elaboración y evaluación que supone dar sentido a la experiencia, pues esta revela la naturaleza contingente de la identidad, el estilo de vida y las prácticas culturales. Los participantes tendieron a significar positivamente su experiencia migratoria, pero evidenciaron la presión por salir adelante con base en sus propios recursos, caracterizando la migración como proyecto inherentemente personal, reflejando tendencias culturales a la individualización social.
Calidad de vida en pacientes con esquizofrenia de origen Aymara en la zona Centro-Sur de los Andes
Authors: Caqueo-Urízar Alejandra , Alessandrini Marine , Boyer Laurent
Published: September 2018

El objetivo de este estudio consistió en comparar la calidad de vida (CV) de pacientes con esquizofrenia pertenecientes al grupo étnico aymara de los Andes Centro-Sur, con pacientes no Aymara. En este estudio transversal participaron 253 pacientes de tres clínicas de salud mental en Chile, Perú y Bolivia. Se recogieron datos sociodemográficos y características clínicas. La calidad de vida se evaluó utilizando el Cuestionario S-QoL18. Los análisis comparativos exploraron las diferencias de QoL entre los pacientes Aymara y no Aymara. Los participantes de origen Aymara tuvieron puntuaciones de CV más bajos en comparación con los pacientes no Aymara para el Índice total, las relaciones familiares y la dimensión de vida sentimental. Los ingresos familiares mensuales y la duración del trastorno fueron significativamente más bajos en los pacientes Aymara. Nuestro estudio soporta la hipótesis de una peor CV en pacientes aymaras con esquizofrenia.
La construcción discursiva del joven trabajador: Un análisis crítico a los informes Tendencias Mundiales de Empleo
Authors: Rivera Aguilera Guillermo
Published: September 2018

El presente artículo se propone como objetivo describir las formas en que la Organización Internacional del Trabajo (OIT) construye discursivamente al joven trabajador. Para esto se realiza un análisis de discurso de los informes Tendencias Mundiales de Empleo (TEM) publicados por la OIT entre 2004-2014. Los resultados obtenidos dan cuenta que en los informes TEM aparecen seis figuras de la subjetividad que construyen al joven trabajador: a) el joven pobre, b) el joven ocioso, c) la generación perdida, d) el joven feliz, e) los desafortunados jóvenes; f) los jóvenes desconfiados. De acuerdo al análisis basado en el enfoque de la Gubernamentalidad, se puede constatar que estas formas de conceptualizar a la juventud se fundamentan desde una lógica economicista, basada en valores neoliberales. Se discute en torno a cómo estas figuras de la subjetividad corresponden a Tecnologías del Yo, que permiten prescribir formas de conducir la conducta de los jóvenes para su inclusión al mercado del trabajo.
Efectos de la estructura de las redes personales en la red sociocéntrica de una cohorte de estudiantes en transición de la enseñanza secundaria a la universidad
Authors: Maya Jariego Isidro , Holgado Daniel , Lubbers Miranda J.
Published: September 2018

En este trabajo se examina la transición normativa de una cohorte de estudiantes de Enseñanza Secundaria de Alcalá de Guadaíra que empiezan sus estudios universitarios en Sevilla. Se analiza la evolución de la red social de la cohorte de estudiantes junto con los cambios que experimentan en la composición y la estructura de sus redes personales. El seguimiento longitudinal se desarrolla a lo largo de 17 meses en los que los encuestados (n= 57) empiezan a distribuir su tiempo entre la localidad en la que residen y la ciudad en la que estudian, de modo que en su conjunto aumentan la frecuencia de los viajes de ida y vuelta a la capital. Este es uno de los primeros estudios que recoge información de las redes personales de los miembros de una red social completa, combinando ambos indicadores en los análisis. Con el modelo de simulación longitudinal de redes sociales, utilizando el software RSIENA, comprobamos que la intermediación promedio de las redes personales tiene un efecto significativo en la evolución de la red social de los estudiantes que terminan la Enseñanza Secundaria. La intermediación promedio también parece incidir en la tasa de cambio del sentido de comunidad con la ciudad de residencia. Concluimos proponiendo que el desacoplamiento de las relaciones, junto con la competencia entre relaciones múltiples activas, constituyen dos mecanismos clave de los cambios en la estructura de las redes personales en proceso de transición ecológica.
Influencia del tipo de escuela (especial o regular) sobre el aprovechamiento académico del alumnado con necesidades educativas especiales
Authors: Romero Contreras Silvia , García Cedillo Ismael , Rubio Rodríguez Silviana , Martínez Ramírez Araceli , Flores Barrera Vasthi Jocabed
Published: September 2018

En México, los niños con necesidades educativas especiales pueden educarse en escuelas regulares integradoras o en escuelas de educación especial (Centros de Atención Múltiple). En general, estos servicios promueven y apoyan el proceso de integración educativa. Sin embargo, existe poca evidencia sobre la posible influencia que ejercen sobre el aprovechamiento académico de los alumnos. En el presente estudio, se evaluó la influencia del tipo de escuela en 23 niños con necesidades educativas especiales, 12 de escuela regular y 11 de Centros de Atención Múltiple. Se aplicaron cinco pruebas de aprovechamiento académico de la Batería III Woodcock-Muñoz. Los resultados indican un mejor desempeño general y equivalentes de grado más acordes con la edad en alumnos de las escuelas regulares integradoras que los de Centros de Atención Múltiple, particularmente en alumnos que no presentan discapacidad. Sin embargo, de acuerdo con las normas de calificación, el rendimiento académico de los alumnos es en general muy bajo.
Más allá de la victimización de niñas y niños en contextos de conflicto armado: potenciales para la construcción de paz
Authors: Fajardo Mayo María Alejandra , Ramírez Lozano Mónica Piedad , Valencia Suescún María Isabel , Ospína Alvarado María Camila
Published: September 2018

El artículo presenta la revisión de estudios correspondiente a una de las fases del proyecto de investigación en el cual se enmarca, que buscó aproximarse al estado del arte del conocimiento producido en Colombia entre 2002 y 2012 sobre la identidad y subjetividad de niños y niñas en torno a la paz y la democracia, en contextos de conflicto armado. Se presenta la afectación de sus derechos en dichos contextos desde las áreas: existencia, desarrollo, participación y protección. Se aporta una lectura crítica a la mirada tradicional centrada en la vulneración de derechos y el posicionamiento de los niños y niñas como víctimas, invitando a identificar los potenciales individuales y colectivos con las que cuentan ellos, ellas y sus familias.
Tareas de búsqueda visual: modelos, bases neurológicas, utilidad y prospectiva
Authors: Rodríguez Martínez Guillermo Andrés , Castillo Parra Henry
Published: September 2018

Las tareas de búsqueda visual, fundamentadas en el reconocimiento de una forma, característica o estímulo visual en particular, han contribuido al desarrollo de la investigación en psicología. A partir de una revisión narrativa sobre las maneras de implementar dichas tareas, y haciendo un cotejo de su uso como elemento de instrumentalización de la investigación, se encuentra que diferentes modelos paradigmáticos convergen para el entendimiento de diversos procesos psicológicos. Se hace manifiesto que las tareas de búsqueda visual, no solo pueden implicar registros de actividad oculo-motora, sino que además operacionalizan sistemas de modulación de procesos atencionales y perceptuales, los cuales esencialmente están alineados con recompensas de tipo exógeno. Dichas recompensas, sumadas a procesos de adaptación al entorno, se integran para reivindicar la noción percepción para la acción.
Depresión adolescente: factores de riesgo y apoyo social como factor protector
Authors: González Lugo Sandybell , Pineda Domínguez Antonio , Gaxiola Romero José Concepción
Published: September 2018

El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar, en un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales, la relación de las características negativas del vecindario y del contexto escolar, amigos de riesgo, problemas de autorregulación y sucesos de vida con la depresión en adolescentes, así como el posible papel protector del apoyo social. Previo consentimiento informado, se conformó una muestra de 113 adolescentes pertenecientes a un sector vulnerable de una ciudad del noroeste de México. Los participantes respondieron un conjunto de escalas tipo Likert validadas previamente en la región, que midieron cada una de las variables del estudio. Los resultados del modelo estructural muestran que las características negativas del contexto, los amigos y los sucesos de vida constituyen factores de riesgo para la depresión, los cuales son mitigados moderadamente por el apoyo social. Se sugiere la elaboración de programas de promoción del apoyo social en adolescentes vulnerables.
Efectos de los comerciales con contenido erótico-sexual sobre el recuerdo, actitudes y actividad fisiológica, en relación con el grado de liberalidad
Authors: Sandoval-Escobar Marithza , Ávila-Campos Jorge , Barreto Paola
Published: September 2018

El presente estudio pretendió establecer el efecto de comerciales con contenidos de naturaleza erótico-sexual sobre el recuerdo y las actitudes hacia el anuncio y la marca publicitada. Se analizó la activación fisiológica y se buscaron relaciones con el grado de liberalidad-conservadurismo de cada participante. Para ello, se desarrolló un estudio cuasiexperimental con dos grupos, uno conformado por 29 hombres y el otro por 29 mujeres. Se diseñó un programa de televisión que consistía en un documental sobre la naturaleza en donde se insertaron tres tipos de comerciales: A1 (alto contenido erótico-sexual), A2 (bajo contenido erótico-sexual) y A3 (sin contenido erótico-sexual). Los comerciales fueron clasificados de acuerdo con las categorías empleadas por la NICAM y por la ISFP. Se combinaron los órdenes de aparición de estos comerciales y se eligió el orden que recibió cada participante de manera aleatoria. Posteriormente, fueron conectados a un polígrafo que registró su actividad fisiológica frente al programa que observaban. Una vez terminado el procedimiento, se aplicó un cuestionario para medir el recuerdo y actitudes frente al comercial y a la marca. Los resultados muestran que no existen diferencias significativas entre hombres y mujeres en la activación fisiológica frente a los comerciales con alto grado de erotismo y que el contenido erótico-sexual aportó significativamente a la recordación de la marca. De la misma manera, no se observaron efectos diferenciales de los contenidos eróticos en relación con el grado de liberalidad de los participantes.