bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence, spatial distribution and determinants of infant mortality in Ethiopia: Findings from the 2019 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey
Authors: Tamir Tadesse Tarik , Alemu Tewodros Getaneh , Techane Masresha Asmare , Wubneh Chalachew Adugna , Assimamaw Nega Tezera , Belay Getaneh Mulualem , Muhye Addis Bilal , Kassie Destaye Guadie , Wondim Amare , Terefe Bewuketu , Tarekegn Bethelihem Tigabu , Ali Mohammed Seid , Fentie Beletech , Gonete Almaz Tefera , Tekeba Berhan , Kassa Selam Fisiha , Desta Bogale Kassahun , Ayele Amare Demsie , Dessie Melkamu Tilahun , Atalell Kendalem Asmare
Published: April 2023

Introduction

Infant mortality declined globally in the last three decades. However, it is still a major public health concern in Ethiopia. The burden of infant mortality varies geographically with the highest rate in Sub-Saharan Africa. Although different kinds of literature are available regarding infant mortality in Ethiopia, an up to date information is needed to design strategies against the problem. Thus, this study aimed to determine the prevalence, show the spatial variations and identify determinants of infant mortality in Ethiopia.

Methods

The prevalence, spatial distribution, and predictors of infant mortality among 5,687 weighted live births were investigated using secondary data from the Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey 2019. Spatial autocorrelation analysis was used to determine the spatial dependency of infant mortality. The spatial clustering of infant mortality was studied using hotspot analyses. In an unsampled area, ordinary interpolation was employed to forecast infant mortality. A mixed multilevel logistic regression model was used to find determinants of infant mortality. Variables with a p-value less than 0.05 were judged statistically significant and adjusted odds ratios with 95 percent confidence intervals were calculated.

Result

The prevalence of infant mortality in Ethiopia was 44.5 infant deaths per 1000 live births with significant spatial variations across the country. The highest rate of infant mortality was observed in Eastern, Northwestern, and Southwestern parts of Ethiopia. Maternal age between 15&19 (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 2.51, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.37, 4.61) and 45&49(AOR = 5.72, 95% CI: 2.81, 11.67), having no antenatal care follow-up (AOR = 1.71, 95% CI: 1.05, 2.79) and Somali region (AOR = 2.78, 95% CI: 1.05, 7.36) were significantly associated with infant mortality in Ethiopia.

Conclusion

In Ethiopia, infant mortality was higher than the worldwide objective with significant spatial variations. As a result, policy measures and strategies aimed at lowering infant mortality should be devised and strengthened in clustered areas of the country. Special attention should be also given to infants born to mothers in the age groups of 15–19 and 45–49, infants of mothers with no antenatal care checkups, and infants born to mothers living in the Somali region.
Postural control among individuals with and without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A cross-sectional study of motor and sensory systems
Authors: Strandkvist Viktor , Lindberg Anne , Larsson Agneta , Pauelsen Mascha , Stridsman Caroline , Nyberg Lars , Backman Helena , Röijezon Ulrik
Published: April 2023

Background

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is considered a heterogenic syndrome with systemic effects, including muscle dysfunction. There is evidence of postural control impairments among individuals with COPD, partly related to muscle weakness. However, research is scarce regarding the other underlying systems of postural control, such as the visual, somatosensory and vestibular system. The aim was to compare postural control, as well as the motor and sensory systems, between individuals with and without COPD.

Methods

Twenty-two participants with COPD (mean age 74.0 ±6.2 years) and 34 non-obstructive references (mean age 74.9 ±4.9 years) participated in this cross-sectional study. Postural control was assessed with center of pressure trajectory of postural sway in quiet as well as a limits of stability test, calculating mediolateral and anteroposterior amplitudes for each test. Assessment of function in the motor system included maximum hand grip strength, as well as maximum strength in muscles around the hip, knee and ankle joints. Visual acuity, pressure sensibility, proprioception, vestibular screening, and reaction time were also included. Data was compared between groups, and significant differences in postural control were further analyzed with an orthogonal projection of latent structures regression model.

Results

There was a significantly increased sway amplitude in the mediolateral direction in quiet stance on soft surface with eyes open (p = 0.014) as well as a smaller anteroposterior amplitude in the limits of stability test (p = 0.019) in the COPD group. Regression models revealed that the mediolateral amplitude was related to visual acuity and the burden of tobacco smoking assessed as pack-years. Further, muscle strength associated with anteroposterior amplitude in limits of stability test in the COPD group, and with age and ankle dorsal flexion strength among the referents. Besides for lower ankle plantar flexion strength in the COPD group, there were however no significant differences in muscle strength.

Conclusions

Individuals with COPD had a decreased postural control and several factors were associated with the impairments. The findings imply that the burden of tobacco smoking and reduced visual acuity relate to increased postural sway in quiet stance, and that muscle weakness is related to decreased limits of stability, among individuals with COPD.
Genomics data analysis via spectral shape and topology
Authors: Amézquita Erik J. , Nasrin Farzana , Storey Kathleen M. , Yoshizawa Masato
Published: April 2023

Mapper, a topological algorithm, is frequently used as an exploratory tool to build a graphical representation of data. This representation can help to gain a better understanding of the intrinsic shape of high-dimensional genomic data and to retain information that may be lost using standard dimension-reduction algorithms. We propose a novel workflow to process and analyze RNA-seq data from tumor and healthy subjects integrating Mapper, differential gene expression, and spectral shape analysis. Precisely, we show that a Gaussian mixture approximation method can be used to produce graphical structures that successfully separate tumor and healthy subjects, and produce two subgroups of tumor subjects. A further analysis using DESeq2, a popular tool for the detection of differentially expressed genes, shows that these two subgroups of tumor cells bear two distinct gene regulations, suggesting two discrete paths for forming lung cancer, which could not be highlighted by other popular clustering methods, including t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE). Although Mapper shows promise in analyzing high-dimensional data, tools to statistically analyze Mapper graphical structures are limited in the existing literature. In this paper, we develop a scoring method using heat kernel signatures that provides an empirical setting for statistical inferences such as hypothesis testing, sensitivity analysis, and correlation analysis.
Utilisation of QSPR ODT modelling and odour vector modelling to predict Cannabis sativa odour
Authors: Wise Kimber , Phan Nicholas , Selby-Pham Jamie , Simovich Tomer , Gill Harsharn
Published: April 2023

Cannabis flower odour is an important aspect of product quality as it impacts the sensory experience when administered, which can affect therapeutic outcomes in paediatric patient populations who may reject unpalatable products. However, the cannabis industry has a reputation for having products with inconsistent odour descriptions and misattributed strain names due to the costly and laborious nature of sensory testing. Herein, we evaluate the potential of using odour vector modelling for predicting the odour intensity of cannabis products. Odour vector modelling is proposed as a process for transforming routinely produced volatile profiles into odour intensity (OI) profiles which are hypothesised to be more informative to the overall product odour (sensory descriptor; SD). However, the calculation of OI requires compound odour detection thresholds (ODT), which are not available for many of the compounds present in natural volatile profiles. Accordingly, to apply the odour vector modelling process to cannabis, a QSPR statistical model was first produced to predict ODT from physicochemical properties. The model presented herein was produced by polynomial regression with 10-fold cross-validation from 1,274 median ODT values to produce a model with R2 = 0.6892 and a 10-fold R2 = 0.6484. This model was then applied to terpenes which lacked experimentally determined ODT values to facilitate vector modelling of cannabis OI profiles. Logistic regression and k-means unsupervised cluster analysis was applied to both the raw terpene data and the transformed OI profiles to predict the SD of 265 cannabis samples and the accuracy of the predictions across the two datasets was compared. Out of the 13 SD categories modelled, OI profiles performed equally well or better than the volatile profiles for 11 of the SD, and across all SD the OI data was on average 21.9% more accurate (p = 0.031). The work herein is the first example of the application of odour vector modelling to complex volatile profiles of natural products and demonstrates the utility of OI profiles for the prediction of cannabis odour. These findings advance both the understanding of the odour modelling process which has previously only been applied to simple mixtures, and the cannabis industry which can utilise this process for more accurate prediction of cannabis odour and thereby reduce unpleasant patient experiences.
Mutual information: Measuring nonlinear dependence in longitudinal epidemiological data
Authors: Young Alexander L. , van den Boom Willem , Schroeder Rebecca A. , Krishnamoorthy Vijay , Raghunathan Karthik , Wu Hau-Tieng , Dunson David B.
Published: April 2023

Given a large clinical database of longitudinal patient information including many covariates, it is computationally prohibitive to consider all types of interdependence between patient variables of interest. This challenge motivates the use of mutual information (MI), a statistical summary of data interdependence with appealing properties that make it a suitable alternative or addition to correlation for identifying relationships in data. MI: (i) captures all types of dependence, both linear and nonlinear, (ii) is zero only when random variables are independent, (iii) serves as a measure of relationship strength (similar to but more general than R2), and (iv) is interpreted the same way for numerical and categorical data. Unfortunately, MI typically receives little to no attention in introductory statistics courses and is more difficult than correlation to estimate from data. In this article, we motivate the use of MI in the analyses of epidemiologic data, while providing a general introduction to estimation and interpretation. We illustrate its utility through a retrospective study relating intraoperative heart rate (HR) and mean arterial pressure (MAP). We: (i) show postoperative mortality is associated with decreased MI between HR and MAP and (ii) improve existing postoperative mortality risk assessment by including MI and additional hemodynamic statistics.
Multi-classification deep neural networks for identification of fish species using camera captured images
Authors: Malik Hassaan , Naeem Ahmad , Hassan Shahzad , Ali Farman , Naqvi Rizwan Ali , Yon Dong Keon
Published: April 2023

Regular monitoring of the number of various fish species in a variety of habitats is essential for marine conservation efforts and marine biology research. To address the shortcomings of existing manual underwater video fish sampling methods, a plethora of computer-based techniques are proposed. However, there is no perfect approach for the automated identification and categorizing of fish species. This is primarily due to the difficulties inherent in capturing underwater videos, such as ambient changes in luminance, fish camouflage, dynamic environments, watercolor, poor resolution, shape variation of moving fish, and tiny differences between certain fish species. This study has proposed a novel Fish Detection Network (FD_Net) for the detection of nine different types of fish species using a camera-captured image that is based on the improved YOLOv7 algorithm by exchanging Darknet53 for MobileNetv3 and depthwise separable convolution for 3 x 3 filter size in the augmented feature extraction network bottleneck attention module (BNAM). The mean average precision (mAP) is 14.29% higher than it was in the initial version of YOLOv7. The network that is utilized in the method for the extraction of features is an improved version of DenseNet-169, and the loss function is an Arcface Loss. Widening the receptive field and improving the capability of feature extraction are achieved by incorporating dilated convolution into the dense block, removing the max-pooling layer from the trunk, and incorporating the BNAM into the dense block of the DenseNet-169 neural network. The results of several experiments comparisons and ablation experiments demonstrate that our proposed FD_Net has a higher detection mAP than YOLOv3, YOLOv3-TL, YOLOv3-BL, YOLOv4, YOLOv5, Faster-RCNN, and the most recent YOLOv7 model, and is more accurate for target fish species detection tasks in complex environments.
Premature senescence of the liver in Alagille patients
Authors: Jannone Giulia , de Magnée Catherine , Tambucci Roberto , Evraerts Jonathan , Ravau Joachim , Najimi Mustapha , Sokal Etienne Marc
Published: April 2023

Introduction

Alagille syndrome (ALGS) is an autosomal dominant disease characterized by a multisystem involvement including bile duct paucity and cholestasis, caused by JAG1 or NOTCH2 mutations in most of the cases. Jagged1-Notch2 interactions are known to be crucial for intrahepatic biliary tract development, but the Notch signaling pathway is also involved in the juxtacrine transmission of senescence and in the induction and modulation of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP).

Aim

Our aim was to investigate premature senescence and SASP in ALGS livers.

Methods

Liver tissue from ALGS patients was prospectively obtained at the time of liver transplantation (n = 5) and compared to control livers (n = 5).

Results

We evidenced advanced premature senescence in the livers of five JAG1 mutated ALGS pediatric patients through increased senescence-associated beta-galactosidase activity (p<0.05), increased p16 and p21 gene expression (p<0.01), and increased p16 and γH2AX protein expression (p<0.01). Senescence was located in hepatocytes of the whole liver parenchyma as well as in remaining bile ducts. The classical SASP markers TGF-β1, IL-6, and IL-8 were not overexpressed in the livers of our patients.

Conclusions

We demonstrate for the first time that ALGS livers display important premature senescence despite Jagged1 mutation, underlying the complexity of senescence and SASP development pathways.
Blood flow in the optic nerve head in patients with primary aldosteronism
Authors: Hirooka Kazuyuki , Oki Kenji , Ogawa-Ochiai Keiko , Nakaniida Yuta , Onoe Hiromitsu , Kiuchi Yoshiaki
Published: April 2023

Purpose

Optic nerve head (ONH) blood flow decrease without changes in intraocular pressure in a possible rat model of retinal ganglion cell loss by systemic administration of aldosterone. To compare the blood flow in the ONH, using laser speckle flowgraphy (LSFG), in healthy eyes and in eyes with primary aldosteronism (PA).

Methods

The ONH tissue area mean blur rate (MT) was evaluated in this single center, retrospective, cross-sectional study using LSFG. In order to compare the MT between PA patients and normal subjects, mixed-effects models were used, with adjustments made for the mean arterial pressure, disc area, and β-peripapillary atrophy (β-PPA) area. Mixed-effects models were also used to analyze the risk factors affecting the MT.

Results

This study evaluated a total of 29 eyes of 17 PA patients and 61 eyes of 61 normal subjects. There was a significantly lower MT in PA patients (10.8 ± 0.4) as compared to the normal subjects (12.3 ± 0.3) (P = 0.004). The MT was significantly lower in PA patients (10.8 ± 0.6) even after adjusting for the potential confounding factors when compared to normal subjects (12.3 ± 0.3) (P = 0.046). Multivariate mixed-effects model analysis demonstrated that the MT was significantly associated with the PA and β-PPA.

Conclusions

There was a significantly lower ONH blood flow in PA patients as compared to normal subjects.
Q&A with Maria Chenoweth, CEO, TRAID
Authors: Radclyffe-Thomas Natascha
Published: April 2023

Facilitating the infrastructure for clothing reuse is a key strand of the circular economy. The UK-based charity TRAID has been working for over twenty years to address fashion’s negative impact by promoting the reuse of clothing through its network of innovative charity stores. Furthermore, TRAID funds global projects helping the transition to organic textiles and supporting the people who make our clothes. In this interview, Professor Natascha Radclyffe-Thomas of the British School of Fashion invites TRAID CEO Maria Chenoweth to share insights into the past and future of the UK-charity retail sector and the impact of TRAID’s pioneering approach to sustainable fashion and textiles.
Corporate Governance Mechanisms, Profitability, Company Size and Tax Avoidance
Authors: Andriani Novia , Haryono Slamet
Published: April 2023

Purpose: This research examines the impact of corporate governance mechanisms, profitability, and company size on tax avoidance.

Methodology: This research uses multiple regression analysis and an independent sample t-test. Based on a sample of 380 firm-year observations from 95 manufacturing companies listed on the List of Sharia-Compliant Securities in Indonesia and Malaysia in 2015-2018.

Findings: The results of this research concludes that independent of the boards, audit committees, audit quality, institutional ownership and managerial compensation had negative influences on tax avoidance. Profitability and company size had positive influences on tax avoidance. This research also finds differences in the level of tax avoidance in Indonesia and Malaysia.

Novelty: This study uses manufacturing companies in Indonesia and Malaysia from 2015-2018
El diálogo Sofista como recreación no-alegórica del símil de la caverna
Authors: Álvarez Lucas Manuel
Published: April 2023

El propósito de este trabajo es mostrar que Sofista puede leerse como una recrea-ción no-alegórica de la imagen de la caverna expuesta en República VII. Por medio de una lectura en paralelo de sendos textos, buscaremos probar que aquel diálogo tardío recrea sistemáticamente no solo las sucesivas fases del relato socrático, sino también parte de su vocabulario cavernoso, sus gradaciones ontológicas, sus preocupaciones pedagógicas e incluso sus compromisos práctico-políticos. Dicha lectura nos ayudará en dos direcciones: a esclarecer ciertos sentidos oscuros de un relato como el de la alegoría que, en tanto bosquejo, deja muchas cosas sin decir y a leer de forma con-junta una obra como Sofista cuya unidad ha sido puesta en duda, no sin evidenciar dimensiones de la misma soslayadas por los intérpretes.
El ser humano en Los ensayos de Miguel de Montaigne
Authors: López Hernández Jairo Ramón
Published: April 2023

La pregunta por el ser humano en Montaigne atraviesa todo el libro de Los ensayos. Una pregunta que se responde Montaigne en su proceso de pintarse y describirse, donde encuentra toda la condición humana. Al ir escribiendo se encuentra con el in-terrogante ¿Qué se yo? Que busca dar respuestas en sus fluctuantes escritos, los cuales reflejan su experiencia de vivir como un humano, orgulloso y miserable, endiosado y humilde, dualizado y unificado, en un ser que es cuerpo y alma en una especie de unión marital. En la primera parte de este artículo, me adentro en lo que significa para Montaigne la comprensión del ser humano desde su condición fluctuante. En una segunda parte, me adentraré en la condición humana desde la experiencia y la humildad que permite a Montaigne desligarse del antropocentrismo. En la tercera parte, desde lo trabajado llegaré a la comprensión de la unidad del hombre en su cuerpo y alma como un matrimonio. Por último, no dejaré de lado el aspecto conversacional en la comprensión antropológica montaniana, que le permite experimentar la pluralidad, la diversidad y la tolerancia
Crítica de la religión sin espíritu: Heschel frente la institucionalización de Dios
Authors: Sevilla Godínez Héctor
Published: April 2023

El presente artículo pretende ofrecer un breve recorrido por algunos aspectos del pensamiento filosófico y teológico de Abraham Heschel, un rabino polaco del siglo XX, conocido por ser asesor y maestro espiritual de Luther King. El texto inicia presentando algunos aspectos biográficos y contextuales de la vida de Heschel. Luego de ello se aluden las pautas centrales de su crítica a la religión, resaltando la intención auténtica de la misma y mostrando los peligros de separarla de la razón. Se denuncia la simulación de Dios en las religiones y el daño social que estas ocasionan cuando no favorecen la autocrítica y eluden su colaboración en el desarrollo social.
El hilo conductor del cuerpo como la metodología para un conocimiento de sí mismo en la filosofía de Nietzsche
Authors: Díaz Sterling Carlos Felipe
Published: April 2023

Este artículo propone reinterpretar la noción de cuerpo en la filosofía de Nietzsche contrastada con dos perspectivas relevantes de los estudios nietzscheanos en habla hispana: primero, la idea de que el cuerpo es sinónimo de naturaleza; y segundo, la idea de que el cuerpo es causa del sujeto. Pasando la mirada sobre una parte de la obra —publicada e inédita— de Nietzsche posterior al año 1885, se observa que la noción de cuerpo funge el papel de una metodología que permite llevar a cabalidad una renovada tarea de su filosofía, a saber, la tarea de conocerse a sí mismo. Así, la noción de cuerpo en Nietzsche, más allá de ser un concepto innovador o reivindicado, es una herramienta interpretante que le permite al autor establecer nuevas dimensiones “entre” el conocer y la experimentación corporal.
Structural, electronic, and thermal studies of Poly(ethylene oxide) based solid-state polymer electrolyte
Authors: Arya Ramesh Kumar , Gupta Abhishek Kumar
Published: April 2023

All-solid-state polymer electrolytes have grown in significance for next-generation energy storage devices because of their high energy endurance, safety, and flexibility. Electrolytes made of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) have received a lot of interest because they can dissolve a wide range of ionic salts. We have observed the effects of lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide salts on the structural, electronic, and thermal properties of solid-state polymer electrolyte systems incorporating PEO using methods based on density functional theory. The highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) i.e., HOMO-LUMO gap of the PEO and polymer electrolyte are found at 5.74 eV and 3.84 eV, respectively. The value of the HOMO-LUMO gap for PEO and solid-state polymer electrolyte shows similarity with the previous studies. The global and local chemical descriptors are calculated using the HOMO-LUMO gap. The electrochemical stability analysis is performed using the HOMO-LUMO method. Thermal functions also have been studied using density functional theory techniques. The theoretical vibrational frequencies of PEO and solid-state polymer electrolyte are investigated and compared with experimental values.
Novel sonic hedgehog gene variant in a patient with hyponatremia, microsomia, and midline defects; phenotype description in association with a variant of unknown significance [c.755_757del p.(Phe252del)] and an approach to salt-wasting in SHH-related adrenal disorders
Authors: Antoniadi Marita , Vitoratou Dimitra Irinna , Marinou Maria , Fafoula Olga , Mylona Fani , Palaiologou Danai , Leandros Lazaros , Kostaridou Stavroula
Published: April 2023

Objective

To contribute a novel sonic hedgehog (SHH) gene variant in association with a novel-meagerly described phenotype and discuss SHH signaling pathway pathology.

Case presentation

We present a 5-year-old boy with excessive hyponatremia and natriuresis, microform holoprosencephaly and microsomia, with morphologically intact hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, and hypoaldosteronism, yet without hyperreninemia, hyperkalemia, dehydration episodes, or glucocorticoid insufficiency. Extensive workup excluded common causes of salt-wasting and revealed a novel variant of unknown significance on the sonic hedgehog (SHH) gene; NM_000193.4:c.755_757del (p.Phe252del), in heterozygosity.

Conclusions

Salt-wasting in children is predominantly caused by central nervous system lesions, renal tubular dysfunction, or adrenal insufficiency. The SHH protein is a signaling molecule, essential in embryogenesis-including HPA axis differentiation. Inactivating SHH variants disrupt the signaling pathway, leading to dysplasia or dysfunction of target organs. What’s new: • We analyze the patient's phenotype in the light of this novel variant • Patient’s isolated aldosterone deficiency possibly implies a selective signaling defect affecting the development of adrenal zona glomerulosa • Unexplained hyporeninemia and hypokalemia in the context of hypoaldosteronism raise questions on SHH signaling pathophysiology.
Künstliche Intelligenz (KI) und die Frage nach dem Menschen
Authors: Meyer-Drawe Käte
Published: April 2023

Der vorliegende Artikel geht in Interviewform der Frage nach, welche Implikationen die aktuelle Forschung zur Künstlichen Intelligenz für einen modernen Begriff des Menschen hat. Ein besonderes Interesse gilt dabei zwei Konzepten: zum einen dem menschlichen Leib, welcher kein Äquivalent in der Technik hat. Zum zweiten richtet sich die Aufmerksamkeit auf das Lernen: Trotz aller vordergründigen Ähnlichkeit zeigt sich, dass das menschliche Lernen auf eine besondere, leibliche Verankerung in der Welt angewiesen ist, die seine Bedeutung begründet. Die Beschäftigung mit KI hilft dem Menschen, sich über seine Fähigkeiten und Grenzen bewusst zu werden.
A Bronze Age salt production technique from Transylvania and western Ukraine
Authors: Kavruk Valerii , Buzea Dan Lucian , Harding Anthony
Published: April 2023

Across prehistoric Europe several techniques were used to produce salt, including solar evaporation and the briquetage method. Here, the authors focus on a third technique used in Romania and western Ukraine. Building on excavations at Băile Figa and a series of wooden troughs found there, the authors conduct experiments to elucidate how these objects may have been used in salt production: to drip water onto rock salt surfaces to break them up; or to filter and/or concentrate brine by decanting and/or heating. The results demonstrate the troughs are ineffective at concentrating brine, but highly efficient at breaking up rock salt and cleaning the brine of insoluble impurities.
CINQUENTA TONS DE CINZA
Authors: Da Silva Vieira Ana Gabriela , Caetano Marcio , Orende da Silva Rosiane
Published: April 2023

A obra literária de autoria de L. J. James, cujo título é “Cinquenta Tons de Cinza”, fez enorme sucesso no mercado literário mundial, sendo traduzida para diversas línguas, além de ser adaptada para o cinema e alcançar grande bilheteria. O livro em questão conta a história de amor entre Anastasia e Christian, cujo relacionamento, desde o início, obedece a uma dinâmica de dominação/submissão, na qual o homem é o sujeito-dominador e a mulher é o sujeito-submisso. Neste sentido, compreendemos que a obra faz veicular discursos que a subjetivam mulheres a determinada condutas que atendem a um modelo de relacionamento afetivo-sexual no qual elas estão em posição subordinada. Essa forma de se relacionar afetivamente e sexualmente está baseada em relações de gênero nas quais é o homem quem têm o privilégio na disparidade de forças entre os sujeitos envolvidos. Por causa disso, é possível entender “Cinquenta Tons de Cinza” não apenas enquanto uma pedagogia cultural, na medida em que é um artefato cultural que veicula discursos, ensina comportamentos e subjetiva sujeitos, mas também enquanto uma pedagogia patriarcal. Trata-se de uma pedagogia patriarcal pelas formas como subjetiva as mulheres a um lugar de não independência em relação ao homem e de submissão a esse outro ser tido como mais viril, forte e poderoso do que ela própria. Esses discursos – pedagógicos e patriarcais – aparecem recorrentemente, em vários dos excertos da obra “Cinquenta Tons de Cinza”, que nós analisamos neste artigo.
POSITHIVES
Authors: Pires Ibeiro Gustavo , Soares Villar Rafaela , Oliveira Rosa Pamela , Imanishi Bonavita Augusto , Neves Aline Patrícia , Heiden Roberto , De Carvalho Hudson
Published: April 2023

Subsidiados por um processo de pesquisa cartográfico, narramos, neste manuscrito, os fluxos afetivo-relacionais e algumas descobertas didático-pedagógicas, artísticas, científicas, filosóficas e subjetivas que tem arquitetado o coletivo acadêmico antissorofóbico positHIVes. Este se consolida como um espaço de reflexões, produções e artivismos sobre a complexidade que engendra o HIV e a AIDS a partir de ações de ensino, pesquisa e extensão vinculadas ao curso de Psicologia da Universidade Federal de Pelotas. Essa consolidação tem sido ancorada em processos marcados por exercícios pós-disciplinares de ensino e aprendizagem, como, por exemplo, a criação de dramaturgias autoficcionais agenciadas pelo analisador-tema do grupo, cujas performances têm possibilitado leituras baseadas tanto na subjetividade dos participantes quanto em registros históricos e biopsicossociais que constituem o complexo HIV/AIDS. Tais práticas têm potencializado relações mais horizontais entre docentes e discentes, um fazer teórico que explicita a dialética entre saberes tipicamente acadêmicos (alta teoria) como outros ora classificados como baixa teoria, resultando em um movimento engajado e socialmente referenciado. Ainda, nossa trajetória tem sido marcada pela descoberta de referenciais relacionados à pedagogia radical, ao materialismo queer/cuir/kuir, na teoria queer/cuir/kuir, assim como inspirada no percurso de artistas, intelectuais e coletivos que militam sobre a questão do HIV/AIDS. Por fim, este manuscrito deve ser compreendido como uma abertura de processo, vislumbramos horizontes e alternativas, sem pretensão em esgotar nossas temáticas.
DIVERSIDADE E HOMOFOBIA
Authors: Bauer de Vargas Bruna , Santos Silva Ana Paula , Eurico de Lacerda Tiago
Published: April 2023

A escola certamente é um dos ambientes mais diversos da sociedade, no entanto a busca pela aceitação da diversidade e pelo respeito ao próximo ainda é um problema a ser constantemente trabalhado pelos educadores, fazendo parte do papel da escola como formadora de indivíduos amplamente saudáveis. Trabalhar ética e moral nas escolas é o caminho para instigar os estudantes a refletir sobre suas condutas com relação aos demais, questionando sobre a moral e valores previamente estabelecidos, discutindo questões como comportamento, respeito, aceitação e inclusão da diversidade. É a ética que nos permite buscar critérios para definirmos o que é ser bom, correto ou moralmente certo. O estudo da ética auxilia a problematizar as ações e buscar a reflexão. Assim, nos fornece um norte: alcançar uma conduta a partir de um bom senso. Este artigo, através de um estudo exploratório bibliográfico apresenta uma proposta de abordagem dos temas diversidade e homofobia através do uso das metodologias Rotação por Estações e Aprendizagem Baseada em Projetos. Nelas, o estudante deixa de ser passivo e passa a ser o principal ator do seu processo de ensino-aprendizagem. Com base no estudo da Ética, da Moral e da Pluralidade, sugerimos executar o processo através de 4 passos: Sensibilização, Problematização, Investigação e Conceitualização. Portanto, o artigo promove a busca do aluno como protagonista do debate e da desconstrução, e auxilia os professores a abordarem o assunto como tema transversal em suas aulas, exercendo assim a função social da escola frente as situações de preconceito, violência e evasão escolar. Como sugestão para trabalhos futuros, recomendamos aplicar o método e documentar os resultados.
ENSINO DE DANÇAS DE SALÃO
Authors: Teixeira Porto Robson
Published: April 2023

A pesquisa se insere no campo do ensino de danças de salão e tem como objetivo discutir proposições didático-pedagógicas que não estejam centradas em binarismo de gênero, sob uma perspectiva de uma pedagogia queer. As concepções tradicionais de dança de salão, muitas vezes objetificam o corpo feminino e ditam padrões de movimentos com base em papéis de gênero, assim como determinam que a condução deve ser monopólio dos homens, cabendo às mulheres apenas o papel passivo de seguir o condutor. Entretanto, a problematização destas questões sob uma perspectiva contemporânea, corrobora para uma educação inclusiva de pessoas não heterossexuais e com identidades de gênero não binárias, que geralmente são excluídas da comunidade das danças de salão. Esta investigação tem uma abordagem qualitativa e se configura como uma pesquisa-ação[1]. O trabalho consiste em um recorte da pesquisa que desenvolvo no doutorado, com base na minha práxis, enquanto professor de dança em diferentes contextos educacionais. Este artigo possibilitou perceber os limites e as potencialidades das estratégias de ensino que desenvolvo nas aulas. Além disso, o diálogo com as teorias queer possibilitou questionar padrões heteronormativos da dança de salão tradicional, principalmente quanto aos estereótipos de gênero. Além de denunciar propostas heteronormativas e patriarcais de dança de salão, buscou-se com este trabalho compartilhar possíveis estratégias de ensino inclusivas quanto às questões de gênero e diversidade.
COVID-19 and Colonial Legacies in West Africa
Authors: Ngalamulume Kalala J.
Published: April 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic response in West Africa has been shadowed by the legacies of colonial-era approaches to disease control.
Misadventures of Soviet-Style Modernization
Authors: Lustig Joshua
Published: April 2023

For a brief period in the 1950s and 1960s, the Soviet Union sought to use West Africa as a proving ground for a new model of state-led development. Its African partners had their own priorities.
Learning from the (Imagined) Archive
Authors: Lamoni Giulia
Published: April 2023

This Dialogues takes the 2017–18 exhibition Radical Women: Latin American Art, 1960–1985 as a starting point to discuss Latin American art today, addressing its history, legacy, and contribution to positive social change through the prism of feminism. Seeking to challenge hegemonic readings of the categories of “Latin America” and “feminism” while reinstating the contribution of Latin American women, Latina/Latinx, and Chicana/Chicanx artists to art and critical thought today, the exhibition Radical Women proposed novel ways of displaying art from the region by embracing multiplicity, attending to the particularity of different contexts, and bringing to the fore common threads of critical and creative practice. Building on that premise, these contributions expand on the original exhibition’s time frame and consider the persistence of feminism and its changing status in Latin American art after 1985. They explore recent artistic practices, curatorial projects, and art historical scholarship; reflect on strategies of display, audience engagement, societal concerns, and epistemological premises; and consider different ways of conceptualizing Latin American and feminist identities, legacies, and genealogies today. By doing so, this Dialogues seeks to enrich and diversify our understanding of past and current practices, as well as highlight the intricate connections and resonances that exist between the two. Contributions by curators (Fajardo-Hill, Rjeille), scholars (Fernández, Lamoni), and artists (Antivilo, Motta) span issues in political activism, ecology, technology, education, genealogy, colonization, heritage, and memory. What emerges is a sense of the field’s present concerns and the ways this is shaping the future direction of feminism in Latin American art and art history.
Panorama atual da Genética Forense no Brasil: aspectos tecnológicos, legais e estratégicos
Authors: CARNEIRO DA SILVA JUNIOR RONALDO
Published: April 2023

A Genética Forense, uma subárea das ciências forenses, é um campo em franca expansão dentro da criminalística. Apesar da aplicação das técnicas de biologia molecular em investigações ter se iniciado nos anos 1980, foi a partir dos anos 2000 que seu uso se popularizou no mundo, quando o desenvolvimento de técnicas de análise de DNA mais práticas e robustas permitiu a expansão de seu uso na área forense. Além disto, o aprofundamento do conhecimento sobre o DNA e sua estrutura permitiu aos cientistas vislumbrarem o uso destes saberes na elucidação de crimes e na busca de pessoas desaparecidas, inclusive descobrindo novas possibilidades dentro das investigações forenses. Por este motivo, recentemente novos ramos de pesquisa e ferramentas têm surgido dentro da própria genética forense, com destaque para os bancos de perfis genéticos. Este trabalho objetiva apresentar um panorama da situação da genética forense no Brasil na atualidade em aspectos tecnológicos, legais e estratégicos.
Morbidity, mortality, and socioeconomics in Klinefelter syndrome and 47,XYY syndrome: a comparative review
Authors: Ridder Lukas Ochsner , Berglund Agnethe , Stochholm Kirstine , Chang Simon , Gravholt Claus H
Published: April 2023

Context

Klinefelter syndrome (KS, 47,XXY) and 47,XYY syndrome are genetic conditions characterized by a supernumerary sex chromosome. The conditions share many traits, but considerable phenotypic differences are seen between the two. Focusing on morbidity, mortality, and socioeconomics, this review highlights similarities and differences.

Methods

Relevant literature was identified through PubMed with the following search terms; 'Klinefelter', '47,XXY', '47,XYY', and 'Jacobs syndrome'. Included journal articles were chosen at the authors’ discretion.

Results

KS and 47,XYY are the most common sex chromosome disorders in males, with an expected prevalence of 152 and 98 per 100,000 newborn males, respectively. Non-diagnosis is extensive, as only about 38% of KS and 18% of 47,XYY are diagnosed. Both conditions are associated with an increased mortality risk and increased risk of a variety of diseases and other health-related problems affecting virtually every organ system. Early diagnosis seems to predict a lesser comorbidity burden. Neurocognitive deficits as well as social and behavioral problems are commonly described. Both syndromes are associated with poor socioeconomicfor example, lower income and educational level and higher rates of crime. Infertility is a hallmark of KS, but fertility seems also reduced in 47,XYY.

Conclusion

Being born as a boy with an extra X or Y chromosome is associated with increased mortality and excess morbidity, partially expressed in a sex chromosome-specific pattern.Both syndromes continue to be greatly underdiagnosed, even thoughearly intervention may improve the overall outcome. Earlier diagnosis to initiate timely counseling and treatment should be emphasized.
Staying True to Oneself
Authors: Lysenko Oleksandr
Published: April 2023

Reviews - Velykochyi, V., Zhernokleiev, O., Monolatiy, I. et al. (Eds). (2022). Oleksandr Karpenko: the road to himself. Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University.
Ethno-Safety Potential During the Polish-Ukrainian War for Halychyna in 1918
Authors: Monolatii Ivan
Published: April 2023

Modeling of the potential of the Western-Ukrainian People's Republic (WUPR) relying on modern theories and suggestions of politicians and geo-politicians is an important factor contributing to the study all the benefits and drawbacks the ethno-political sphere in question, as they show its security and geostrategic components. The author argues that within the proposed model of the potential of the WUPR it was the escalation from the stronger side (Poles), in particular, with the regard to the armaments escalation that was the most logical. It stood out in conditions of asymmetric imbalance: the weaker side (Ukrainians) shifted the “burden” of escalation to ideological and moral-ideological problems.
Flujo por redistribución de agua a través de perfiles de la zona no saturada bajo condiciones de uso de la tierra agrícola en la cuenca alta del río Páez, Cartago, Costa Rica
Authors: Ramírez-Granados Pablo , Villagra-Mendoza Karolina , Masís-Meléndez Federico
Published: April 2023

The main objective of this study was to analyze the flow of water by redistribution through the horizons of volcanic soil profiles in the unsaturated zone once the infiltration of rainwater has been completed. From experimental monoliths, volumetric water contents were monitored in profiles at different depths to understand the temporal flow dynamics along a profile. The physical and hydraulic properties of the horizons such as texture, granulometry, organic matter, bulk density, real density, were evaluated in the laboratory, porosity, hydraulic conductivity, and moisture retention. It was found that the physical and hydraulic properties of the horizons help to explain the behavior of the water in depth. Water contributions by depth redistribution, due to vertical flow, were found from the analysis of volumetric water contents. These contributions are evidenced by increases in volumetric contents during the development of the experiment. From the experimental study it was possible to observe how the flow by redistribution varies in the profiles of a horizon, thus showing the variation of the properties of the horizons in depth. Once water redistribution flows were established, the types of water flow manifested in the monolith profiles were characterized to establish what the dynamics of the deep wetting front are and how it advances during the development of the experiment. The results showed that in the monoliths the piston flow, the preference flow and the dual or combined flow product of the combination of both are presented.
Leczenie owrzodzenia Kennedy w warunkach domowych. Opis przypadku i porównanie kosztów leczenia nowoczesnymi opatrunkami i terapią podciśnieniową
Authors: Szkiler Elżbieta
Published: April 2023

Owrzodzenie Kennedy, należące do ran typu SCALE, powstaje u osób chorych u kresu życia, a także u pacjentów z ostrą niewydolnością narządów, np. serca. W niniejszym artykule przedstawiono leczenie odleżyny w warunkach domowych u pacjenta po rozległym zawale serca, o początkowej powierzchni 338 cm2. W pierwszych 17 dniach oczyszczono odleżynę z martwicy za pomocą miodu medycznego i roztworu ponadtlenkowego w płynie i w żelu, a w kolejnych 5 tygodniach stosowano nowoczesne opatrunki aktywne. Koszt wyłącznie zastosowanych opatrunków i preparatów wyniósł 6419,24 zł. W kolejnych 2 tygodniach zastosowano urządzenie Avance® Solo o sile ssania 125 mmHg, z opatrunkami przeznaczonymi do ran płaskich. Koszty terapii wyniosły 2126,89 zł. Jednakże odsetek zamykania rany był prawie jednakowy w obu prowadzonych terapiach i wyniósł odpowiednio 65,38% i 64,74% zamkniętej powierzchni rany, pomimo zastosowania poza wskazaniami opatrunków w terapii podciśnieniowej.
Educational programmes in orthodox theological educational institutions in Russia
Authors: Filippov Alexander
Published: April 2023

The purpose of the article is to carry out the comparative analysis of the Programs of education in spiritual educational institution. The article shows that educational work in a spiritual educational institution is the most important component of the teaching process. It is mentioned that Orthodox seminaries, being the educational institutions of the Church are focused on training specialists, for whom it is of vital personal, professional and social importance to comply with the standards of Christian morality and its spiritual traditions.Materials and Methods. The methods of the research are the analysis of scientific articles in journals, conferences’ proceedings, the comparison of different approaches to the organization of the educational process in spiritual educational institutions, the examination of the official sites of educational establishments. The key research method is the analysis of the curriculum for bachelors in the field of Theology (the code is 48.03.01) in various seminaries of Russia is carried out. Their choice is determined by the criteria of their geographical diversity, the number of students, the educational programs implemented, and the seminaries’ place in the ranking of higher spiritual educational institutions.Results. It is shown that despite the different characteristics of seminaries, the curricula are close, since the content of the educational process is determined by the values of the Orthodox religion. It is mentioned that the purpose of the educational process is specified in different seminaries. The suggestion is made that different accents in the formulation of the purpose is the mark of the leading approach in education: axiological, environmental, or activity ones. Although the idea doesn’t contradict the complex of approaches in the educational process.The conclusion is drawn that the differences in educational programs can be seen as the directions to improve and modernize educational work.
Human Flourishing, Normativity and Critical Theory
Authors: Bielskis Andrius
Published: April 2023

Aristotle has traditionally been aligned with conservative social and political philosophy. The conservative reception has been challenged by Alasdair MacIntyre and the Marx-inspired reading of Aristotle. Following MacIntyre’s arguments, this paper sketches an alternative conception of the critical theory beyond the Frankfurt School’s critique of the contemporary culture and the modern society. Critical theory is understood as an attempt to provide both historical analysis and normative critique of the contemporary society and its culture. It argues that normativity should be understood not in Kantian, but in Aristotelian terms. The articulation of Aristotelian conceptions of human flourishing and aretē, rather than that of the bürgerlich conception of Kantian duty, should be at the centre of contemporary theorising. The author claims that Aristotle’s practical philosophy allows us to conceptualise ethics beyond the dominant conceptions of ethical normativity prevalent in the capitalist modernity, while Marx is important because his analysis provides us with theoretical tools for the historically informed critique of the social and economic structures of the modern society.
The Supremacy of IBE over Bayesian Conditionalization
Authors: Park Seungbae
Published: April 2023

Van Fraassenas savąją pragmatinę mokslinio aiškinimo teoriją paremia Bayeso sąlyginės tikimybės matu ir kartu, priešingai nei teigia Prasetya, jos patvirtinimui panaudoja geriausio paaiškinimo išvedimą (GPI). Priešingai nei mano van Fraassenas, Bayeso sąlyginės tikimybės skaičiavimas negali būti atliktas pirmiausia nepritaikius GPI. Argumentas, apeliuojantis į blogų aibę, kurį naudoja van Fraassenas kritikuodamas GPI, grįžta bumerangu į pragmatinę teoriją ir Bayeso sąlyginę tikimybę, taigi tampa argumentu prieš van Fraasseną ir Prasetyą.