bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A comparative study of atropine and atropine plus pralidoxime in the management of organo-phosphorous poisoning
Authors: Baruah Sreemanta M. , Das John K. , Hossain Imdadul , Singh Nongmaithem B.
Published: September 2023

Background: Poisoning with organophosphorus compounds (OP) is a common problem throughout the world particularly in developing countries. Standard treatment involves resuscitation, administration of the anti-muscarinic agent atropine, an acetylcholinesterase reactivator (pralidoxime) and assisted ventilation if necessary. In this study we compared the efficacy of add-on pralidoxime therapy over therapy with atropine alone in OP poisoning.
Methods: The study included 103 patients, out of 103 OP poisoning cases, 54 patients received both atropine and PAM (group A) and 49 received only atropine (group B). Main outcome parameters of the study were total hospital stay and mortality. The data was compared using ‘t’ test while mortality was compared using Fisher’s exact test. Data was tabulated, analysed, reviewed and evaluated.
Results: There was no difference in duration of hospital stay between the two group. The mean hospital stay in group A was 3.71±1.92 days and in group B was 3.14±2.01 days (p value >0.05). No difference in mortality was seen between the two group. Out of 54 in group A, 8 died and in group B out of 49, 7 died (p value >0.05). Importantly cost burden is very high in the pralidoxime added group.
Conclusions: There is no significant difference in use of atropine alone or atropine-pralidoxime combination in terms of morbidity and mortality in OP poisoning rather the later incurs more economic burden which may not be practicable in poor countries like India. However, a larger multicentric prospective study needs to be conducted, to be able to draw a definitive conclusion.
Recurrence of follicular dendritic cell sarcoma in tonsils after 7 years: a rare case report
Authors: S. Sowmya , N. Pavitra , Prasad Sriranga
Published: September 2023

Dystrophic calcifications are pathological mineral precipitates which occur in degenerative or dead tissue, despite normal serum calcium and phosphate levels, mostly seen in subcutaneous tissues secondary to infection or trauma. Chronic inflammation of the tonsils may lead to the formation of calcifications called tonsilloliths. The prevalence amongst the population is 2% to 16%, in age groups ranging from 10 years to 77 years of age, with a male/female ratio of 1:1. These calcifications display radiopaque images that are single or multiple, round or irregular, unilateral or bilateral and are superimposed upon the mandibular ramus. Computed tomography (CT) can be the investigation of choice for definitive diagnosis. The treatment of tonsilloliths is dependent on the size and presence of symptoms. It’s preferable to remove a single, large tonsillolith, as they can cause recurrent episodes of tonsillitis. Usually manual compression, curettage or a simple incision to release the calcified body should suffice for the relief. In case of numerous tonsilloliths, an attempt to remove them individually is not a feasible approach. Hence, bilateral tonsillectomy is opted.
Basal cell carcinoma of nose
Authors: Sulakhe Amol , Save Sneha , Kumar Ravish
Published: September 2023

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common type of skin carcinoma. It is usually observed in older patients, especially in those frequently and intensively exposed to ultraviolet radiation during their lives. The most typical site is uncovered skin directly exposed to the sun. The lower eyelid is the most common site, other sites being head, face, neck and limbs. A standard surgical excision is considered a good treatment option for all BCCs arising on the face with 5 year recurrence rates of anything up to 10% providing adequate margins are taken. A 3 to 5 mm margin is recommended for standard surgical excision. Reconstruction can be done with the help of various flaps.
ECOGENOTOXICITY EVALUATION OF SOIL OF AREA IMPACTED BY INVASIVE ALIENS SPECIES Hovenia dulcis Thumberg BY Eisenia fetida (Savigny, 1826) ASSAY
Authors: Da Silva Fernanda Rabaioli , Almerão Mauricio , Dos Santos Alana
Published: September 2023

The species Hovenia dulcis, popularly known as the Japanese raisin tree, is considered an invasive alien species which can invade a variety of new habitats and establish new populations. Despite being quite prevalent in southern Brazil, environmental impacts are still poorly known, including those on the soil. The aim of the current paper was to evaluate the possible ecogenotoxic effects of the soil sampled in area with and without H. dulcis on Eisenia fetida. Soil samples were collected, and the experiments delineation for two toxicity tests were conducted: acute toxicity test and Comet assay. The results indicate the absence of ecogenotoxic potential of H. dulcis chemical compounds in E. fetida organism. Further studies should be performed using other organisms of the edaphic fauna to better evaluate the potential effects of such chemical compounds present in soil with Japanese raisin tree.
LC-MS/MS Analysis and Biological Activities of Methanol Extract from Sagina apetala Ard.
Authors: ÜN Rabia Nur
Published: September 2023

This is the first study on the investigation of phenolic compounds of methanol extract (ME) of Sagina apetala and examination of its cell-based antioxidant and antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The determination of phenolic compounds of ME was performed by LC-MS/MS and 25 main compounds were identified. For the cell-based antioxidant activity of ME, Vero cell line (Cercopithecus aethiops kidney epithelial, Monolayer) was used as the model cell line and ME was showed 61.22% cell viability. ME, also showed insignificant antibacterial activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. In conclusion, this study in the species provides the basic data for future studies for the species.
Proteinürisi olan 3 farklı hasta grubunda hastaların anjiotensin dönüştürücü enzim inhibitörü ve/veya anjiotensin reseptör blokörü tedavilerinin karşılaştırılması
Authors: MELEKOĞLU ELLİK Zeynep , SAYİN Burak
Published: September 2023

Amaç: Proteinürisi olan üç farklı hasta grubunda anjiyotensin dönüştürücü enzim (ACE) inhibitörleri ve anjiyotensin reseptör blokörlerinin etkinlik ve güvenliliğini değerlendirmek

Gereç ve Yöntemler: 24 saatlik idrarda 1 gramdan fazla proteinürisi olan diyabetik nefropati, glomerülonefrit ve böbrek transplantasyonu tanısı olan 168 hasta çalışmaya alındı. Hastalar 1. grup ACE inhibitörü kullananlar, 2. grup anjiyotensin reseptör blokörü (ARB) kullananlar ve 3. grup hem ACE inhibitörü hem de ARB kullananlar olarak üç gruba ayrıldı. Hastaların eşlik eden hastalıkları, kullandığı ilaçlar ve kan üre nitrojeni, kreatinin, potasyum, 24 saatlik idrar protein atılımı, kreatinin klirensini içeren laboratuvar değerleri 0-1-3-6-9-12-18-24.aylarda kaydedildi. Hastaların çalışma başlangıcı ve takibi sonunda ekokardiyografik değişiklikleri kaydedildi.

Bulgular: Her üç grupta da 0. aydaki proteinüri değerleri ile diğer tüm aylardaki proteinüri değerleri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir düşüş gözlendi. Hem ACE inhibitörü hem de ARB'leri kullanan grup 3 hastalarda 9. aydan itibaren kreatinin seviyeleri anlamlı derecede yükseldi. Grup 1'deki ACE inhibitörü kullanan hastalarda takibin 9. ayından sonra kreatinin klirensi değerlerinde anlamlı bir azalma saptanırken, grup 3'teki ACE inhibitörü ve ARB kullanan hastaların 12. aydan sonra kreatinin klirensleri değerlerinde istatiksel olarak anlamlı bir düşüş saptandı. Grup 2'de ARB kullanan hastalarda kreatinin klirensinde anlamlı bir azalma görülmedi.

Sonuç:24 saatlik idrarda 1 g'dan yüksek proteinürisi olan hastalar ACEi veya ARB tedavileri almalı ve ACE inhibitörü ve anjiotensin reseptör blokörlerinin kombine tedavisi ise sadece yakından izlenebilecek seçilmiş hastalarda kullanılmalıdır.
The different erosion fate of the headland-embayed beaches on the muddy and sandy coasts of China
Authors: Osanyintuyi Abiola John , Wang Yong-Hong , Huang Yiheng , Aliyu Saddam , Mokhtar Nor Aieni Haji
Published: September 2023

China’s beaches exhibit different geomorphic characteristics depending on location. Due to increasing contemporary climate change, induced storm activities and human activities, beaches along the Chinese coast have been exposed to the risk of erosion. This article examines the different shoreline evolution processes from 1973 to 2021 as well as the erosion vulnerability of 9 headland-embayed beaches (of which 5 beaches, each at Baishawan, Dasha, Dongdan, Nanshajiao, and Mushao are on the muddy coast in Southern China and 4 beaches, namely, Bathing Beach 1, 2, 3 and Shilaoren Beach are on the sandy coast in Northern China) based on the inherent geomorphic characteristics and nearshore hydroclimatic factors of the beaches. In the analysis, there were 3 stages. During the first stage, erosion dominated both the muddy and sandy coasts as a result of intense storm conditions. During the second stage, the beaches had earlier recovered as a function of natural processes, however, storm activities later eroded the beaches. During the third stage, most of the beaches accreted as a result of coastal engineering interventions and beach nourishment project. The shoreline analysis results indicate that beaches on the muddy and sandy coasts have been eroding in the long term. During the first erosion stage, erosion is more severe on the muddy coast than on the sandy coast in the short term. On the sandy coast, the beaches recorded severe erosion from 1973 to 1998. Of the 9 beaches, the most eroded location was at Dasha on the muddy coast (LRR: –5.315 m/y; EPR: –5.671 m/y; NSM: –141.94 m) between 1974 and 1998. In summary, beaches on muddy coasts are more vulnerable to erosion than those on sandy coasts. On the muddy coast, there has been a shortage in the supply of sediment from the Yangtze River-derived sediment to the coast. The primary source of sand material for the studied beaches on the muddy coast has been the regular storm condition that changes the sand-mud transition line on the coast. For the sandy beaches, the primary factor responsible for the vulnerability and beach modification includes a shortage in the natural supply of beach material and storm activities, however, recent beach nourishment and coastal protection procedures are gradually stabilizing the beaches. Ultimately, the outcome of this research is suitable for beach management procedures on the Chinese coast.
Kaj je Blazor Hybrid in kako nam lahko pomaga pri nadgradnji programske opreme?
Authors: Prtenjak Matjaž
Published: September 2023

Blazor je Microsoftova tehnologija za razvoj spletnih strani v okolju .NET. Kot taka se seveda uporablja za razvoj klasičnih spletnih strani, ki tečejo v brskalniku in katerih koda se lahko izvaja na strežniku ali odjemalcu. Blazor Hybrid pa je Microsoftova komponenta, s pomočjo katere lahko spletne strani izvajamo znotraj obrazca v grafičnem uporabniškem vmesniku. S pomočjo tehnologije MAUI (Multi-platform Application UI) lahko potem takšna koda teče v obrazcih na različnih okoljih (Windows, iOS, Android ali Mac). V tem prispevku pa se bomo fokusirali izključno na Windows okolja in nadgradnjo obstoječih WinForms aplikacij v novejša spletna ogrodja.
OID4VC: Izdajanje in deljenje preverljivih poverilnic na osnovi OpenID Connect
Authors: Domajnko Martin , Keršič Vid , Turkanović Muhamed
Published: September 2023

V današnjem digitalnem okolju je potreba po varnih sistemih za upravljanje identitet postala vse bolj pomembna. Ena takšna rešitev je koncept preverljivih poverilnic. Njihov podatkovni model je tudi definiran kot standard W3C. VC omogočajo dokazovanje in deljenje informacij o digitalni identiteti na kriptografsko preverljiv način. Posameznikom omogočajo tudi nadzor nad njihovimi osebnimi podatki in selektivno razkrivanje le teh za namene preverjanja. Razvoj specifikacij OpenID za izdajanje preverljivih poverilnic je odprla nove možnosti za izboljšanje sistemov za upravljanje identitet. OIDC je sodoben overitveni protokol za varno preverjanje identitete. Uporabnikom omogoča poenostavljen postopek prijave na več spletnih strani s pomočjo uporabe obstoječih računov pri ponudnikih digitalne identitete, kot je na primer Google. V prispevku bomo predstavili specifikacije in izvedbo implementacije OID4VC. Validacija integracije bo izvedena na strežniku implementiranim s pomočjo knjižnice Veramo ter denarnice Masca za sprejem in hrambo VC. S tem uporabimo varen široko razširjen protokol in omogočimo OIDC ponudnikom, da postanejo izdajalci preverljivih poverilnic, uporabnikom pa, da na preprost in varen način prejemajo svoje poverilnice. Implementacija ponuja tudi podporo decentraliziranim identitetam in identifikatorjem. Prispevek zaključimo z analizo prednosti in slabosti, ki jih ima predstavljena rešitev, in pregledom novih integracij, ki jih le ta omogoča.
Testno ogrodje za razvijalce - ali kako doseči, da razvijalci celovito testirajo
Authors: Krajnc Mitja , Ciglič Tadej , Ovčjak Boris
Published: September 2023

Pred izdajo rešitve v produkcijsko okolje je zagotavljanje kakovosti in testiranje pomemben korak, vendar je hkrati tudi postopek, ki se ga razvijalci z vso silo otepamo. Če je testiranje enot že ustaljen del razvojnega procesa pa se drugih vrst testiranj, kot sta npr. dimno testiranje in integracijski testi, pogosto že na daleč izognemo in to predamo testerjem. Da bi celoten proces testiranja izboljšali, smo se odločili pripraviti ogrodje, ki bi razvijalcem omogočilo pisanje in izvajanje kompleksnih testov na enostaven način - podobno kot testiranje enot. V članku bomo predstavili ogrodje za testiranje, ki je v prvi vrsti namenjeno prav razvijalcem za enostavno uporabo pri razvoju. Ogrodje temelji na odprtokodni rešitvi Playwright, ki je namenjena avtomatskemu testiranju spletnih rešitev v brskalniku in omogoča izdelavo testov v različnih programskih jezikih. Ker smo želeli zagotoviti čim širšo uporabo ogrodja v podjetju, smo uporabili različico, ki temelji na jeziku TypeScript. Struktura ogrodja je sestavljena iz abstrakcij, ki so že znane iz objektno orientiranega programiranja in so zato razvijalcem blizu, s čimer omogoča, da preko zaporedne uporabe razredov in metod ustvarijo testni scenarij, ki ga lahko na preprost način večkrat zapored hitro in učinkovito uporabijo.
Remix: zmogljivo meta-ogrodje za razvoj spletnih aplikacij
Authors: Jošt Gregor , Kočevar Miha
Published: September 2023

V hitro spreminjajočem se svetu spletnega razvoja imajo ogrodja pomembno vlogo pri poenostavljanju in pospeševanju razvoja zmogljivih in uporabniku prijaznih spletnih aplikacij. Med številnimi ogrodji za razvoj odjemalskega dela spletnih aplikacij se vse bolj uveljavlja Remix, zmogljivo meta-ogrodje, ki temelji na knjižnici React. Medtem ko se knjižnica React odlično obnese pri prikazu elementov uporabniškega vmesnika in njihovih posodobitev, Remix kot ogrodje ponuja celovit pristop razvoja spletnih aplikacij. To vključuje usmerjanje (angl. routing), pridobivanje podatkov, optimizacijo delovanja in boljšo izkušnjo za razvijalce. Med pomembnejše lastnosti ogrodja Remix štejemo generiranje spletne strani na strežniku (angl. server-side rendering), kar izboljšuje učinkovitost, omogoča optimizacijo SEO (angl. search engine optimization) in zagotavlja hitro in učinkovito nalaganje začetne strani. V prispevku se bomo osredotočili na več vidikov ogrodja Remix. Najprej bomo podrobneje predstavili samo ogrodje, raziskali njegovo ozadje in poudarili glavne lastnosti. Poleg tega se bomo posvetili tudi primerjavi ogrodja Remix z nekaterimi obstoječimi meta-ogrodji, narejenimi na podlagi knjižnice React. Sledila bo implementacija majhne aplikacije, ki bo omogočila praktičen prikaz določenih prednosti, ki jih ogrodje prinaša. Skozi ta proces bomo raziskali, kako ogrodje omogoča dinamičnost, pridobivanje podatkov z uporabo gnezdenih poti in kako v splošnem izboljša delovanje spletnih aplikacij.
Thiol Cathepsins and Oxidative Modification of Stallion’s Seminal Plasma Proteins with Normal and Low Percentage of Live Spermatozoa Post Cryopreservation
Authors: Shitikova Anna M. , Atroshchenko Mikhail M. , Zvyagina Valentina I.
Published: September 2023

Background: Stallion sperms are very sensitive to cryopreservation. Free radicals generated during cryopreservation lead to spermatozoa membrane damage, decline in their viability and change the activity of cysteine cathepsins. On the other hand, cathepsins may involve in the utilization of oxidatively modified proteins. The present study was conducted to assess cysteine cathepsins activity and level of oxidatively modified proteins in seminal plasma of stallions with a low ( less than 30%) and normal ( greater than 30%) percentage of live spermatozoa post cryopreservation Methods: A total of 33 breeding stallions comprising 6 stallions of the Budennovskaya breed, 22 Arabian breed, 4 Soviet Heavy-Draft and 1 Bashkir breed. We assessed standard quality parameters in fresh and cryopreserved sperm, as well as cysteine cathepsins B,L,H activity, the level of oxidatively modified proteins in stallions seminal plasma with a low ( less than 30%) and normal ( greater than 30%) percentage of live spermatozoa post cryopreservation. Result: The group with a low percentage of live spermatozoa was characterized by decreased sperm quality, increased level of aldehyde dinitrophenylhydrazones (p=0.045) and ketone dinitrophenylhydrazones (p=0.049) of a neutral nature, as well as increased activity of cathepsin L (p=0.029). Evaluation of activity of cathepsin L and the concentration of oxidatively modified proteins in the seminal plasma can serve as a marker in the selection of stallions for sperm cryopreservation.
La Industria del Software en Boyacá
Authors: Rodríguez Moreno Diana Cristina
Published: September 2023

Los avances en las tecnologías de información y comunicación (TIC), se han desplegado principalmente en países desarrollados, que además han explotado su progreso tecnológico en otros sectores, generando incremento de productividad en diversas industrias. Dentro de este sector el producto software se encuentra integrado en la mayoría de los dispositivos modernos (Norman & Venter, 2016). La industria del software es un poderoso creador de riqueza y generador de empleo (Shanling, Shang & Slaughter, 2010), por esta razón es un campo potencial de crecimiento económico y bienestar para países en desarrollo, sin embargo, el proceso y la magnitud de los beneficios dependen de varias condiciones, como la dotación de habilidades locales, instituciones tecnológicas, condiciones institucionales del mercado, tamaño del mercado local, capacidades tecnológicas y factores políticos (Patibandla & Petersen, 2002).El software se ha convertido en un sector en auge para todos los países del planeta (Gupta, Dutta & Chauhan, 2016) y ha experimentado crecimiento en naciones desarrolladas y en vías de desarrollo (Yu, Suojapelto, Hallikas & Tang, 2008), porque es una actividad fuente de ventaja competitiva para el resto de sectores económicos (Fúquene, Castellanos & Fonseca, 2007). Colombia ha realizado esfuerzos para fortalecer a este sector (Merchán & Urrea, 2007), de igual manera regiones y ciudades en todo el país, y en el caso del Departamento de Boyacá este sector se ha involucrado en los últimos Planes de Desarrollo.
Cartografía con drones (VANT´s)
Authors: Rodríguez González Jorge Luis , Alarcón Juan José , Espejo Torres Erika Dayanna
Published: September 2023

Actualmente, la tecnología en el área de la geomática y teledetección avanza a pasos agigantados, es por eso, que los profesionales SIG deben estar en permanente actualización tanto en técnicas, como en software y dispositivos.Mediante el presente libro se realiza una introducción a la tecnología fotogramétrica con VANT´s (Vehículos aéreos no tripulados) o Drones como se conocen comúnmente. Se desarrollan conceptos de fotogrametría clásica, la planeación del vuelo, el manejo de puntos de control terrestres y el procesamiento de oficina de las imágenes para la elaboración de productos finales; así mismo, en cada capítulo se realizan algunas recomendaciones para el uso adecuado y para obtener resultados más precisos y confiables.El uso típico de los drones es asistir en las diferentes etapas del proceso de mapeo; en general, los mapas tienen el poder de mostrar nuestro lugar y percepción del mundo, pues son la representación gráfica más común y la aproximación de la realidad, son fundamentales para obtener una comprensión integrada y profunda del mundo que nos rodea (Pickering, 2014). Los sistemas actuales de Vehículos Aéreos no Tripulados (UAV), permiten una amplia gama de enfoques, modelos, escalas, direcciones y objetivos que no limitan el entorno urbano y periurbano (Nadal et al., 2017). Algunos ejemplos incluyen el monitoreo de la calidad del aire (Alvear et al., 2017), cambios topográficos (Lizarazo et al., 2017), identificación de zonas para cultivos (Pereira et al., 2018), identificación de basura en la playa (Lo et al., 2020), los cuales son mencionados en los casos de estudio. En la actualidad, el desarrollo de los UAV y Vehículos Terrestres Tripulados (UGV) son capaces de transportar productos espectrales y sensores químicos, lo cual, ha mejorado el análisis in-situ. Según lo expuesto en Manzo et al. (2017), el uso de los UAV han simplificado y acelerado la adquisición de datos térmicos debido a que la recopilación de estos se realiza desde una posición tal, que se asegura una baja distorsión geométrica de las imágenes térmicas.
Propuesta de guía de implementación de herramientas Lean Construction para mejorar la programación de ejecución de pilotaje de concreto para puentes en Ancash y Junín
Authors:   , Naupay Gonzalo Sofia Angela , Rojas Quispe Lizeth Pamela
Published: September 2023

Actualmente, nuestro país presenta deficiencias en las obras de infraestructuras, es decir, se presentan obras inconclusas y obras con mala calidad que afectan el bienestar de los usuarios. Muchos casos de estos proyectos deficientes son los puentes, los cuales requieren de pilotes como cimentación, estos evidencian las deficiencias desde la etapa de planeamiento. El planeamiento en los proyectos tradicionales llega a ser inadecuado, debido a que se presentan deficiencias que afectan al éxito de este. Mientras que, la implementación de Lean Construction genera beneficios como mejor calidad, satisfacción de stakeholders, productividad, y mejor gestión de riesgos, además de la reducción en plazos de entrega y reducción de costos. Los proyectos analizados fueron tres puentes, puente Chupuro, puente Malecón Gálvez y puente Pichanaki, ubicados en Ancash y Junín, fueron seleccionados debido al impacto social que tuvieron y además del acceso proporcionado a los proyectos. Las herramientas que se desarrollan en esta investigación son las siguientes: sectorización, tren de actividades y circuito fiel de Lean Construction
Escuela superior para la restauración y conservación del patrimonio peruano
Authors:   , Muñoz Gómez Carlos Javier
Published: September 2023

La implementación de una escuela de restauración y conservación responde a la preocupación de ver el progresivo deterioro de nuestro centro histórico en los últimos años. El proyecto busca brindar un espacio que pueda cubrir todas las necesidades requeridas para la formación científica y práctica necesarias para la intervención en patrimonio, subsanando las dificultades que se encuentran en otros centros educativos relacionados al tema. Es una intervención en el límite de la zona declarada patrimonio cultural de la humanidad, por lo cual se busca que el diseño presente un balance entre la tradición arquitectónica de nuestro centro histórico y la modernidad, basado en los principios operativos del énfasis regionalismo crítico.
Factors influencing pulmonary arterial pressure in three related patients with Cantú syndrome: glyburide may provide precision care
Authors: Day Ronald W. , Call Benjamin F.
Published: September 2023

A range of pulmonary arterial pressures was observed in three related patients with Cantú syndrome. The incident patient developed a moderately high pulmonary vascular resistance. Several factors influenced the severity of his pulmonary vascular disease and the events, which ultimately resulted in his death. However, he had an acute improvement in blood pressure and respiratory support after a single dose of glyburide when he was critically ill. The father and sister of the incident patient have evidence of mildly increased pulmonary arterial pressure with normal pulmonary vascular resistance. They are being treated with glyburide to potentially decrease the high cardiac output associated with a gain in KATP channel function. Additional experience with glyburide or other KATP channel inhibitors is needed to determine the most appropriate agent, dose, time, and duration of treatment for patients with Cantú syndrome.
Research on Keywords Variations in Linguistics Based on TF-IDF and N-gram
Authors: Li Yuyao , Wen Xueyi , Liu Xingyu
Published: September 2023

The rapid development of natural language processing (NLP) holds great promise for bridging the divide among languages. One of its main innovative applications is to use broad data to explore the historical trend of a subject. However, since Saussure pioneered modern linguistics, there is relatively inadequate research work done in the linguistic research on the field's variations to comprehensively reveal the linguistic trends. To trace the changes in linguistic research hotspots, we use a dataset of more than 30,000 linguistics-related literature with their titles from the Web of Science and apply NLP techniques to the data consisting of their keywords and publication years. It is found that the co-occurrence relationship between keywords, NGRAM, and their relationship with years can effectively present changes in linguistic research themes. This research is supposed to provide further insights and new methods that can be applied in the field of linguistics and related disciplines.
Research on the Design of Financial Management Model Based on SOM-PNN Driven by Digital Economy
Authors: Fan Di
Published: September 2023

This study proposes a novel financial risk prediction methodology by harnessing the power of self-organizing mapping (SOM) neural network and probabilistic neural network (PNN). The amalgamation of SOM and PNN's advantageous characteristics is seamlessly integrated into the algorithm posited within this paper. In order to collate and prognosticate data, the SOM network employs a two-dimensional topological framework comprising of two layers of neurons. Subsequently, the PNN model expeditiously furnishes the final classification outcomes by processing the output results obtained from the SOM model. The technique developed atop this composite model offers accelerated computation, effectively mitigates the impact of noisy samples, and significantly augments model accuracy. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method was demonstrated through a comprehensive financial risk analysis of listed companies from 2016 to 2020. The experimental results show that the SOM-PNN method has achieved high accuracy in predicting the financial difficulties experienced by traditional companies in the selected company samples, exceeding 85%. Especially when the sample data is insufficient, its accuracy reaches 80%, surpassing other algorithms. Statement: In the modern era, financial institutions use big data to perform background analysis and review, continuously optimize, and adjust, in order to introduce quantitative analysis methods into every link of risk management as far as possible. This allows financial institutions to quickly achieve balance in the game process of risk and income, and achieve Profit maximization in local or even more space.
Novel algorithms for high-resolution prediction of canopy evapotranspiration in grapevine
Authors: Jenkins Matthew , Mannsfeld Autumn , Nikzad Shayla , Lambert Jean-Jacques , Miller Konrad , Burns Mark , Earles J. Mason , Block David E.
Published: September 2023

Developing low-cost technology for custom water delivery to individual or small groups of plants is a critical next step to advance precision irrigation. Current systems for estimating evapotranspiration (ET), or plant water use, work on the scale of a full vineyard (e.g., 3–5 acres) or the scale of a single vine, but at a cost that prohibits monitoring past a small number of representative vines. To develop and evaluate low-cost ET sensors for individual grapevines, we used three head-pruned Zinfandel vines in pots and placed them on load cells to collect continuous weights indicative of actual ET. We mounted research-grade sensors for humidity, temperature, and wind speed on each vine and saved data at 2-minute intervals during three growing seasons. We developed three models based on first principles (Convective Mass Transfer or Mass Balance approaches) or simple correlations to predict actual single-plant ET from these data. We present here the results of a multi-year trial at the UC-Davis RMI vineyard to illustrate the performance of each of the models for ET estimation. Relative model performance was assessed by comparing model predictions to ground truth data provided by measurements from load cells–including assessments of estimated instantaneous ET rate, estimated cumulative water use over a one-hour window surrounding solar noon, and estimated cumulative water use over a full 24-hour period. The three algorithms developed consistently performed well, with single vine ET rate predictions showing a strong linear relationship with ground truth (range in r2 over three seasons CMT r2 = 0.61–0.86; MB r2 = 0.07–0.91; EM r2 = 0.57–0.92). The MB approach, which includes two measurements of relative humidity and temperature, was the most variable, likely due to the impact of sensor placement. In all seasons, we also examined the trend in the plant scaling factor found in each model, deemed As, which, based on model theory, is a function of vine size. Taken together, these results suggest that high-resolution irrigation (HRI) models are a promising new method for ET estimation at the single plant level.
L'eau, source de conflits : étude du cas du lac de Caussade
Authors: BALMOT Pauline , YANDZA Inès
Published: September 2023

Notre article s’articule autour d’une réflexion sur les conflits d’usage de l’eau, un bien commun particulièrement précieux. L’accent est mis sur le lac de Caussade, bâti en 2019, pour lequel de multiples acteurs, agriculteurs, pouvoirs publics, associations écologistes se sont opposés lors de sa construction. À l’heure du conflit d’usage de l’eau très violent dans les Deux-Sèvres, nous avons voulu mettre en exergue la légalisation française et européenne en matière de lac collinaire et pris le cas du Lac de Caussade, situé dans le Lot-et-Garonne, un lac bâti illégalement par des agriculteurs. Au-delà de ce conflit finalement extrêmement local, ce sont des questionnements sur la place de l’eau en tant que bien commun et des nouveaux conflits d’usage entourant cette denrée de plus en plus rare et précieuse que cet article sous-tend.
The Role of Endosongraphy in Cardiology: Clinical Applications
Authors: Elhakim Abdelrahman , Karkour Kawther , Sauter Philip , Rode Michael , Elhakim Mohamed , Radke Peter , Saad Mohamed
Published: September 2023

Background: Ultrasonography in medicine allows real time “dynamic” assessment of structure where the procedure takes place. This feature and design could be more advantageous than radiological “static” view imaging. Thus, it is the convincing imaging tool for many structural cardiovascular and gastrointestinal interventions. Technically, the image resolution for Endosonography (EUS) is noticeably higher than that of transesophageal echocardiography (TOE). The benefits of investigating the cardiovascular structures using this high-resolution endoscope are unknown. Clinical applications: We present clinical applications of incidentally diagnosed cardiovascular structures, which demonstrated during routine gastrointestinal endosonographic procedures. These diagnoses could influence changes in management strategies. Discussion: The introduction of high resolution endosonography (EUS) in cardiology allows "panoramic" and “dynamic” real-time assessment of cardiovascular structures with an accurate definition of the variable cardiovascular anatomy. Using this advantage during routine gastrointestinal procedures allows for the early detection of asymptomatic cardiac pathologies and accompanying diseases, prevents double investigations for patients and operators, eliminates the risk of esophageal trauma, highlights interdisciplinary teamwork benefits, and could facilitate in the future the indications for cardiac-based structural procedures, which could influence management strategies with improved safety, efficacy, and economic outcomes. Conclusion: The introduction of endosonography (EUS) in cardiology provide high-resolution real-time assessments of cardiovascular anatomy. Thus, it can be used for early detections of variable cardiovascular pathologies during routine gastrointestinal procedures.
Monitoring West Africa Sanctuary Encroachment and Degradation through Remote Sensing: A Focus on National Parks in Nigeria
Authors: Tang Xiao-lan , Adesina John Adekunle , Ren Yujie
Published: September 2023

Remote sensing (RS) as a landscape planning and management tool for socio-cultural diversity and inclusiveness in protected(reserved) areas through monitoring of the land-use changes, settlement/living patterns, predominant trades/socio-economic activities in the urban-rural locations, and the demography in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The eighteen federal governments recognized nature reserves in Nigeria being the giant of Africa because of their green landscapes, rich biodiversity, and human resources. This study aimed to explore the application of remote sensing to assess the extent of land degradation and encroachment in the 18 recognized national parks in Nigeria. A review of the protection of national parks using remote sensing and monitoring the trend of national park invasions which could either be natural or man-made. The study is in line with the United Nations SDG Goal 15: Life on Land- “Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss”. Located in the West Africa subregion lying on Latitude: 9° 04' 39.90" N (9.077899) and Longitude: 8° 40' 38.84" E (8.677599), with an estimated population of over 220,000,000 people. This study through an intensive review of various literature adopted a mixed approach for the analysis and assessment of the geospatial data, the updated aerial photographs obtained through the Landsat imageries (Google Earth Pro, 2023), and the use of GIS for Geospatial analysis which enables the collection and analysis of spatial and geographic data gathering land use/land covers (LULC) maps, soil type, and elevation maps. While exploring the geophysical ecology and biodiversity conservation of some selected national parks in Nigeria, while also providing cost-effective alternatives for biodiversity monitoring and conservation strategy development. A review of national implementation strategies on biodiversity conservation with the deployment of remote sensing technologies, it is now feasible to obtain large details of the surface of the planet without conducting arduous field activities with the assistance of the availability of multi-date, multi-resolution, multi-sensor aerial information to help prevent for encroachment, loss, and degradation of the natural landscapes.
Anti-Obesity Effects of Larval Powder of Steamed and Lyophilized Mature Silkworms in A Newly Designed Adult Mouse Model
Authors: Kim Min Woo , Ham Yu-Jin , Kim Hyun-Bok , Lee Ji young , Lim Jung-Dae , Lee Hyun-Tai
Published: September 2023

Recently, “mature” silkworms (MS) of Bombix mori have been considered as a potential nutraceutical, with a number of health benefits reported for steamed and lyophilized MS powder (SMSP). However, no obesity-related effects have been reported for SMSP. In the present study, anti-obesity effects of SMSP were investigated in adult mice in vivo, aged 12 weeks at the onset of drug administration, fed normal diet (ND) and high-fat diet (HFD), respectively, for 12 weeks. SMSP significantly suppressed body weight gain, intra-abdominal adipose tissue, and food efficiency in both ND-fed and HFD-fed adult mice. In addition, SMSP significantly decreased food intake and liver weight in HFD-fed mice, indicating that SMSP suppressed appetite and simultaneously reduced the conversion of feed into body weight in HFD-fed mice. SMSP also significantly lowered serum levels of glucose, triglyceride, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, asparagine transaminase, alanine transaminase, and alkaline phosphatase. However, SMSP had no significant effect on the weights of kidney, spleen, and thymus and serum levels of blood urea nitrogen and creatinine. Taken together, the above results suggest that SMSP has potent anti-obesity effects and is safe for long-term use as a potential therapeutic and/or nutraceutical in both obese patients and non-obese individuals.
Microorganisms, Drying, and Preservation Processes in the Baking Industry
Authors: Vermelho Alane Beatriz , Moreira Jean Vinícius , Junior Athayde Neves , Da Silva Claudia Ramos , Cardoso Veronica da Silva , Akamine Ingrid Teixeira
Published: September 2023

The required processes and steps for making bread include technological and innovative concepts. The current trend is the use of less toxic compounds and green processes. Besides lactic acid bacteria and yeast, other microorganisms with special properties, such as enzymes, new aroma and flavor, exopolysaccharides, and vitamins, among other compounds with beneficial properties, could be added to bread manufacture, improving bread quality and health effects for the consumers. Freeze drying, new encapsulation methods, cryoprotectants, spray drying, fluidized bed drying, and vacuum drying are used for probiotics and microorganism cultures that will be used as starters or biological additives in the fermentation. The same development is observed in the preservation methods, and studies with plant extracts and essential oils have been proposed and introduced, replacing chemical agents, such as propionate, within the clean-label bread formulations concept. Baking science is a growing research line incorporating innovative methods and biological additives.
Single-Nucleotide Variants in PADI2 and PADI4 and Ancestry Informative Markers in Interstitial Lung Disease and Rheumatoid Arthritis among a Mexican Mestizo Population
Authors: Nava-Quiroz Karol J. , Rojas-Serrano Jorge , Pérez-Rubio Gloria , Buendia-Roldan Ivette , Mejía Mayra , Fernández-López Juan Carlos , Ramos-Martínez Espiridión , López-Flores Luis A. , Del Ángel-Pablo Alma D. , Falfán-Valencia Ramcés
Published: September 2023

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease mainly characterized by joint inflammation. It presents extra-articular manifestations, with the lungs one of the affected areas. Among these, damage to the pulmonary interstitium (Interstitial Lung Disease -ILD) has been linked to proteins involved in the inflammatory process and related to extracellular matrix deposition and lung fibrosis establishment. Peptidyl arginine deiminase enzymes (PAD), which carry out protein citrullination, play a role in this context. A genetic association analysis was conducted on genes encoding two PAD isoforms, PAD2 and PAD4. This analysis also included ancestry informative markers and protein level determination in samples from patients with rheumatoid arthritis, RA-associated ILD, and clinically healthy controls. Significant single nucleotide variations (SNV) and a haplotype were identified as susceptibility factors for ILD-RA development. Elevated levels of PAD4 were found in ILD-RA cases, while PADI2 showed an association with RA susceptibility. This document presents the data obtained from the conducted research, which has been published.
Recognition of Arabic Air-Written Letters: Machine Learning, Convolutional Neural Networks, and Optical Character Recognition (OCR) Techniques
Authors: Nahar Khalid M.O. , Alsmadi Izzat , Al Mamlook Rabia , Nasayreh Ahmad , Gharabieh Hasan , Almuflih Ali Saeed , Alasim Fahad
Published: September 2023

It is a challenging problem that air-written Arabic letters has received a lot of attention in the past decades when compared to commonly spoken languages like English languages. To fill this gap, we propose a strong model that brings together machine learning (ML) and optical character recognition (OCR) methods. The model applied several ML methods, (i.e., Neural Networks (NN), Random Forest (RF), K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), and Support Vector Machine (SVM), with deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) such as VGG16, VGG19, and SqueezeNet for effective feature extraction. Our study utilizes the AHAWP dataset, which consists of varied writing styles and variations in hand signs, to train and evaluate the model. Preprocessing systems are applied to improve data quality by reduction bias. Besides, OCR methods are combined into our model to sequestrate individual letters from continuous air-written gestures and refine recognition results. Results of this study show that the proposed model has achieved the extreme accuracy of 88.8% using NN with VGG16. This study presents an inclusive approach that combines ML, deep CNNs, and OCR methods to address the issue of Arabic in air writing recognition research.
Radiocarbon Flux Measurements Reveal Mechanistic Insight into Heat Stress Induction of Nicotine Biosynthesis in Nicotiana attenuata
Authors: Waller Spenser , Powell Avery , Noel Randi , Schueller Michael J , Ferrieri Richard A
Published: September 2023

The effect of high temperature (HT) stress on nicotine biosynthesis in Nicotiana attenuata was examined. Nicotine content was measured in mature leaves, young sink leaves and in roots from well-watered plants grown at 25 °C as controls and from plants exposed to 38 °C and 43 °C temperatures applied for 24, 48, 72 and 96-hr duration. At 38 °C, all leaf nicotine levels were significantly less than control plants for up to 72-hr exposure but rose sharply thereafter to levels significantly greater than controls with 96-hr exposure. In contrast, plants exposed to 43 °C never exhibited a reduction in leaf nicotine content and showed a significant increase in content with just 48-hr exposure. When radioactive 11CO2 was administered to plants, HT stress significantly reduced fixation. Furthermore, radiocarbon flux analysis revealed that ‘new’ C partitioning (as 11C) into the [11C]-amino acid pool was significantly reduced with HT stress as were yields of [11C]-aspartic acid, an important amino acid in nicotine biosynthesis, and its beta-amido counterpart [11C]-asparagine significantly reduced. In contrast, [12C]-aspartic acid levels appeared unaffected at 38 °C but were significantly elevated at 43 °C relative to controls. Additionally, [12C]-asparagine levels were significantly elevated at both stress temperatures. Finally, leaf total soluble protein (TSP) was reduced 39% with long exposures to both stress temperatures. However, Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) which was 41% TSP appeared unaffected by HT stress. Altogether, these results support the theory that plant proteins other than Rubisco degrade at elevated temperatures freeing up essential amino acids supporting the nicotine biosynthetic machinery, and while feedback might downregulate de novo amino acid synthesis from ‘new’ C resources, more than likely plant C/N rebalancing caused by HT reductions in C input restricted N uptake, which in turn, limited this process.
Nonconventional Tether Structure for Quality Factor Enhancement of Thin-Film-Piezoelectric-on-Si MEMS Resonator
Authors: Awad Mohammed , Workie Temesgen Bailie , Bao Jingfu , Hashimoto Ken-ya
Published: September 2023

This article presents a new design of supporting tethers through the concept of force distribution. The transmitted force applied on tethers will be distributed on the new tether design area resulting in low acoustic energy transferred to anchor boundaries and stored energy enhancement. This technique achieves an anchor quality factor of 175,000 compared to 58,000 obtained from con-ventional tether design representing 3-fold enhancement. Also, the unloaded quality factor of the proposed design improved from 23,750 to 27,442 representing 1.2-fold improvements.
3D Reconstruction and Seepage Simulation of Vermiculite Materials Based on CT Technology
Authors: ZHANG Lanzhu , ZHANG Linzhen , LU Xin , GUO Luyi
Published: September 2023

The 3D reconstruction of vermiculite-based sealing material was carried out based on CT scanning experiments and Avizo software. The precision and representation of the reconstructed digital core were tested by calculating the pore structure parameters and comparing them with the experimental results of mercury compression. Avizo is a perfect interface with Fluent software to perform micro-scale seepage simulation to explore the distribution of pressure and velocity fields during fluid transport. In this paper, a new approach is proposed to study the penetration leakage of non-metallic gaskets by using equivalent pore networks.
Ultrasound Assessment of Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter during Surgery in the Trendelenburg Position
Authors: Skladzien Tomasz , Kurdziel Emilia , Przydacz Mikolaj , Czogala Malgorzata , Wordliczek Jerzy
Published: September 2023

Background
Ultrasonographic measurement of the optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) is helpful in the assessment of intracranial pressure. The aim of this study was to determine whether the Trendelenburg position during laparoscopic urological surgery changed the ONSD and whether changes correlated with postoperative complications.
Methods
In this prospective study, we measured ONSD before patients were placed in the Trendelenburg position. Then the Trendelenburg position was established by tilting the operating table to 20-25 degrees. After surgery, the patients were placed in a horizontal position, and the second measurement of ONSD was obtained.
Results
The study included 69 patients. The average preoperative ONSD in the right eye was 5.8 ± 0.7 mm and 5.8 ± 0.8 mm in the left eye. The average postoperative ONSD in the right eye was 6.6 ± 0.8 mm and 6.6 ± 0.7 mm in the left eye. The differences between postoperative and preoperative values in the right and left eyes were statistically significant (p <0.000001). ONSD increases above the norm did not correlate with the incidence of postoperative nausea (p = 0.94), delirium (p = 0.81), or the time to patient awakening (p = 0.29).
Conclusion
ONSD increased in patients who underwent surgical procedures performed in the Trendelenburg position, but the increase did not correlate with postoperative complications.