bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Produktivitas Beberapa Genotipe Kacang Tanah dan Ketahanannya terhadap Penyakit Layu Bakteri Ralstonia Solanacearum
Authors: Purnomo Joko , Nugrahaeni Novita , Baliadi Yuliantoro
Published: November 2019

Di Indonesia, kacang tanah ditanam pada beragam tipe lahan yaitu lahan sawah pada musim kemarau, sawah tadah hujan pada awal atau pertengahan musim kemarau, dan lahan kering pada awal musim hujan. Pada lahan-lahan tersebut, penyakit layu bakteri menjadi kendala biotik utama dalam budi daya kacang tanah sehingga produktivitasnya rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi tingkat hasil galur-galur harapan kacang tanah dan ketahanannya terhadap serangan penyakit layu bakteri Ralstonia solanacearum. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada sembilan lokasi di enam daerah sentra produksi kacang tanah pada musim kemarau dan musim hujan mulai tahun 2014 hingga 2016, menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok, tiga ulangan. Perlakuan adalah 14 galur harapan dan dua varietas pembanding. Uji ketahanan terhadap serangan penyakit layu bakteri dilaksanakan di rumah kaca dan di Pati, Jepara, dan Wonogiri yang endemik layu bakteri. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Mutan 6 (tipe Spanish) dan BM/ IC//IC-172-1 (tipe Valencia) mempunyai potensi hasil tertinggi di sembilan lokasi, masing-masing 3,48 t/ha dan 3,44 t/ha polong kering. Hasil polong genotipe Mutan 6 unggul di dua lokasi, dan BM/IC//IC-172-1 unggul di tiga lokasi. Mutan 3, Mutan 5, BM/IC-154-2, Bm/IC/ /IC-170-8, dan BM/IC//IC-164-1 memberikan hasil polong tertinggi di satu lokasi, dan genotipe lainnya tidak unggul di semua lokasi uji. Genotipe Mutan 6 mempunyai daya adaptasi umum yang baik dan mampu beradaptasi di banyak ragam lingkungan. BM/IC//IC-172-1 mempunyai daya adaptasi yang baik di sembilan lokasi. Hampir semua genotipe yang diuji menunjukkan status rentan hingga agak rentan, sedangkan BM/IC-154-2 dan BM/ IC//IC-172-1 mempunyai status agak tahan ketika ditanam di tiga daerah endemik penyakit layu bakteri R. solanacearum. 
Isotopic tracing with carbon-13 in primary hepatocytes
Authors: Overmyer Katherine A
Published: November 2019

Isotopic labeling is commonly applied for investigating intracellular metabolism. The general workflow is to first introduce isotopically-labeled metabolites into the culture medium, then at defined time points wash and harvest cells, process samples for metabolomics analysis, and analyze the samples for isotopic enrichment in specified metabolite pools. Here we apply this technique to primary hepatocytes from mice. We introduce either 13C5 glutamine or 13C6 glucose at the typical media concentrations, 1:1 replacing the 12C version with 13C version. Cells are harvested at 0 and 30 min after isotope introduction, metabolites are extracted and then analyzed by GC-MS and LC-MS. The resulting data are used to compare relative 13C isotopic labeling in metabolites between different genetic mutants. This strategy is not suitable for directly quantifying metabolic flux (i.e., Metabolic flux analysis), but is useful for describing relative metabolic flux between two models. The expected time to complete is ~3-5 days.
Unified rational protein engineering with sequence-based deep representation learning
Authors: Alley Ethan , Khimulya Grigory , Biswas Surojit , AlQuraishi Mohammed , Church George M.
Published: November 2019

This protocol describes the computational steps necessary to reproduce the results described in the paper "Unified rational protein engineering with sequence-only deep representation learning" by Alley et al.
The effect of rhizosphere soil on the flavonoid metabolism in the roots of Tetrastigma hemsleyanum
Authors: Xiang Taihe , Tong Xiaxiu , Li Jiangshan , Xu Zhengxian , Zhou Xinyuan , Bao Shuying , Li Chongshun
Published: November 2019

Background: Tetrastigma hemsleyanum (T. hemsleyanum) is a precious and rare traditional Chinese medicinal plant. Flavonoid is its main medicinal ingredient. Wild T. hemsleyanum (W-TH) growing in Zhejiang Province, China is recognized as a medicinal material of “San Ye Qing” Dao-di herbs. The different origins and thus the contents of medicinal ingredients are the key criteria used to determine whether the medicinal materials are authentic Dao-di herbs. However, it is less known how the eco-environments of its specific producing area, especially microbial community in rhizosphere soil, affect the content of medicinal ingredients in “San Ye Qing”. In the present study, we determined the content of total flavonoids and the enzymatic activity of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) in the roots of W-TH and artificially cultivated T. hemsleyanum (C-TH), as well as the nutrient compositions and metagenome in rhizosphere soil. The effects of the rhizosphere soil on the flavonoid metabolism in T. hemsleyanum were evaluated. Results: The contents of total flavonoids and the PAL activity were higher in W-TH root than in C-TH root. The contents of both available phosphorus and available potassium were higher in the rhizosphere soil of W-TH than in that of C-TH, while the contents of nitrogen and organic matter in the rhizosphere root of C-TH were higher than that of W-TH. Compared with the rhizosphere of C-TH, the abundances of genera Enterobacter, Serratia, Raoultella, Kluyvera, Comamonas, Acinetobacte, and Arthrobacter, and the pathways related to nitrogen metabolism, inositol phosphate metabolism, phosphinate metabolism, and phosphotransferase system in the rhizosphere of W-TH were significantly different. There existed differences in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and phenylalanine metabolism in the rhizospheres of W-TH and C-TH. Conclusions: The contents of nitrogen and available phosphorus in the rhizosphere soil affect diversity abundance, nitrogen metabolism, phosphorus metabolism, and phenylalanine (Phe) anabolism of rhizosphere microorganisms. They may further affect Phe content and PAL activity for the synthesis of flavonoids in the root of T. hemsleyanum.
TK1 in Cancer Progression: elucidating its influence on cellular invasion and survival
Authors: Bitter Eliza E. , Townsend Michelle H. , Tsai Kary Y.F. , Allen Carolyn I. , Erickson Rachel I. , Pickett Brett E. , Arroyo Juan A. , O'Neill Kim
Published: November 2019

1. Background: The salvage pathway enzyme thymidine kinase 1 (TK1) is elevated in the serum of several different cancer types and higher expression is associated with more aggressive tumor grade. As a result, it has potential as a biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis. Recent studies indicate that TK1 may be involved in cancer pathogenesis; however, its direct involvement has not been identified. We propose to evaluate the effects of TK1 on cancer progression in vitro through measuring cellular invasion and survival of breast cancer cells.2.Methods: Breast cancer cells MDA-MB-231, HCC 1806, and MCF7 were cultured according to standard techniques. We employed the use of TK1 target siRNA and a CRISPR-Cas9 TK1 knockout plasmid to compare transfected cell lines to wild type cell lines. Protein factors in survival and invasive pathways were also tested for correlations to TK1 in BRCA RNA-seq patient data (n=1095) using the TIMER program. Cellular invasion was quantified in cell index (factor of impedance) over a 24-hour period. Cell survival was measured by apoptosis under metabolic and DNA stress using flow cytometry. All results were statistically assessed using an ANOVA or t-test in GraphPad PRISM®.3.Results: Cellular invasion assays assessing wild type and TK1 knockdown/knockout (TK1-/-) cell types showed TK1-/- cell lines had increased invasion potential (p= 0.0001). Bioinformatically, we saw a strong overall negative correlation between apoptotic factors and TK1 (p ≤ 0.05). When testing TK1 effects on cell survival we saw a protective affect under DNA stress (p ≤ 0.05), but not under metabolic stress (p= 0.0001).4.Conclusion From cell cycle analysis, we observed a shift towards S phase in TK1-/- cells. This shift to S phase would promote growth and account for the increased cellular invasion and decrease in metabolic induced stress in TK1-/- cells. We propose that cancer cells still may elicit a cancer progressive phenotype based on effects of TK1, but that a system which isolates TK1 is not effective to understand the effects. Instead, identifying protein networks inclusive of TK1 will help to elucidate its effects on cancer progression.
Transcriptome dynamics underlying flower color in marigold (Tagetes erecta L.)
Authors: Zhang Huali , Zhang Shiya , Zhang Hua , Chen Xi , Liang Fang , Qin Heland , Zhang Yue , Cong Richen , Xin Haibo , Zhang Zhao
Published: November 2019

Background: Marigold (Tagetes erecta L.) is an important ornamental plant with a wide variety of flower colors. Despite its economic value, few biochemical and molecular studies have explored the generation of flower color in this species. Results: To study the mechanism underlying marigold petal color, we performed a metabolomics analysis and de novo cDNA sequencing on the inbred line ‘V-01’ and its petal color mutant ‘V-01M’ at four flower developmental stages. A total of 49,217 unigenes were identified from 24 cDNA libraries. Based on our transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses, we present an overview of carotenoid biosynthesis, degradation, and accumulation in marigold flowers. The carotenoid content of the yellow mutant ‘V-01M’ was higher than that of the orange inbred line ‘V-01’, and the abundances of the yellow compounds lutein, neoxanthin, violaxanthin, zeaxanthin, and antheraxanthin were significantly higher in the mutant. During flower development, the carotenoid biosynthesis genes were upregulated in both ‘V-01’ and ‘V-01M’, with no significant differences between the two lines. By contrast, the carotenoid degradation genes were dramatically downregulated in the yellow mutant ‘V-01M’. Conclusions: We therefore speculate that the carotenoid degradation genes are the key factors regulating the carotenoid content of marigold flowers. Our research provides a large amount of transcriptomic data and insights into the marigold color metabolome.
PET is only moderately informative regarding theranostic Ttarget HIF-1α expression in solid tumors: A meta-analysis
Authors: Surov Alexey , Schmidt Stefan A. , Prasad Vikas , Beer Ambros J. , Wienke Andreas
Published: November 2019

BACKGROUND: Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α plays a key role in hypoxic adaptation of tumor cells. HIF-1α is overexpressed in solid tumor, directs the glucose metabolism pathway from oxidative to anaerobic pathway thereby reducing the oxygen consumption, decreases free radical level and thence prevents cancer cell death. 2-deoxy-2 [18F] fluoro-D-glucose (FDG) is taken up in solid tumors primarily regulated through glucose transporter 1 (GLUT-1) and hexokinase 2 which in turn are regulated by HIF-1α. Positron Emission Tomography (PET) with FDG allows semiquantitative delineation of GLUT-1 and Hexokinase 2 activity in tumor cells by standardized uptake value (SUV). There are inconsistent data about relationships between FDG-PET and HIF-1a. The purpose of the present analysis was to provide evidence regarding associations between FDG uptake measured as standardized uptake value (SUV) and HIF-1α expression in solid tumors.
METHODS: MEDLINE library, SCOPUS and EMBASE data bases were screened for relationships between SUVmax and HIF-1a up to August 2019. Overall, 21 studies with 1154 patients were identified. The following data were extracted from the literature: authors, year of publication, number of patients, and correlation coefficients.
RESULTS: Correlation coefficients between SUV and HIF-1α ranged from -0.51 to 0.71. The pooled correlation coefficient was 0.27, (95% CI = [0.14; 0.41]). Furthermore, correlation coefficients for specific tumor entities were calculated. For this sub-analysis, data for primary tumors with more than two reports were included. The calculated correlation coefficients in the analyzed subgroups were as follows: head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: ρ = 0.25 (95% CI = [0.07; 0.42]); non-small lung cell cancer: ρ = 0.27 (95% CI = [-0.14; 0.67]); uterine cervical cancer: ρ = -0.09 (95% CI = [- 0.89; 0.71]); thymic tumors: ρ = 0.39 (95% CI = [0.04; 0.58])
CONCLUSION: Published literature suggests wide heterogeneity and weak correlation between intensity of FDG uptake measured as SUVmax and expression of HIF-1a both in solid tumors in general and also in specific tumor subgroups. Because HIF-1α is a very important theranostic target, prospective state of the art studies are needed to elucidate the true potential of FDG PET in assessment of HIF-1α activity in solid tumors
BMP4-induced symmetry breaking in a 3D model of the human epiblast
Authors: Simunovic Mijo , Brivanlou Ali H. , Siggia Eric D.
Published: November 2019

We describe the protocol of generating a 3D stem-cell-based model of the human pre-gastrulation epiblast by culturing human embryonic stem cells in a mix of hydrogel and Matrigel. Much like the epiblast of an in vitro attached day-10 human embryo, this model is an epithelial sphere with a cavity at its center, it is expressing key pluripotency markers, and it displays apico-basal polarity. The 3D colonies can further be differentiated with morphogens and in the case of intermediate concentrations of BMP4, they break the anterior-posterior symmetry characterized by an asymmetric expression of a primitive streak marker and showing signs of epithelial to mesenchymal transition. The protocol described here is suitable for immunofluorescence staining and for live-cell imaging.
ROMA HUKUKUYLA KARŞILAŞTIRMALI OLARAK TÜRK HUKUKUNDA ŞART (KOŞUL, CONDICIO)
Authors: KAŞAK Fahri Erdem
Published: November 2019

Türk hukukunun da üyesi
olduğu Kıta Avrupası hukuk sisteminin temelini Roma hukuku oluşturmaktadır. Bu
bakımdan bilhassa borçlar hukuku kurumlarının incelenmesinde Roma hukuku kaynaklarının
dikkate alınması gerekir. Şart kurumu bakımından da aynı esas geçerlidir.
Nitekim Türk ve Roma hukukunda şarta ilişkin hükümler arasında büyük bir
benzerlik vardır. Şart kurumu, tarafların yaptıkları hukukî işlemi çeşitli
ihtimaller çerçevesinde şekillendirmesine imkân tanır. Bir olgunun şart olarak
kabul edilebilmesi için belirli unsurları taşıması gerekir. Şartın geleceğe
ilişkin olması ve gerçekleşip gerçekleşmeyeceğinin objektif olarak şüpheli
olması elzemdir. Her ne kadar öğretide iradî – tesadüfî – karma şart, olumlu –
olumsuz şart ve gerçekleşebilecek –gerçekleşemeyecek şart gibi farklı tasnifler
yapılsa da esas olan geciktirici – bozucu şart ayrımıdır. Zira doğurdukları
hüküm ve sonuçlar bakımından anılan iki şart türü arasında ciddi farklar
mevcuttur. Geciktirici şarta bağlı hukukî işlem, şartın gerçekleşmesi anına
kadar askıda hükümsüzdür; ancak şartın gerçekleşmesiyle hüküm ve sonuçlarını
doğurur. Bozucu şarta bağlı hukukî işlem ise kurulduğu andan itibaren hüküm ve
sonuçlarını doğurur; ancak şart gerçekleşirse hukukî işlem kesin hükümsüz hâle
gelir.
Digital Forensics Study of a Cloud Storage Client: A Dropbox Artifact Analysis
Authors: Satrya Gandeva Bayu
Published: November 2019

The rapid development of cloud storage technology paired with the prevalence of smartphone usage presents wide-ranging challenges for digital forensics practitioners. Data are more easily uploaded and shared between multiple devices and across multiple platforms. So, it has increased the opportunities for criminality. Criminality undertaken in cloud computing can be directly seen on logs stored on the cloud storage server, which records user activity. However, because of user privacy protection, these logs cannot be easily used as evidence in court. This issue emphasizes the need for a reliable means of identifying, acquiring, and preserving evidential data from the client-side. This study identifies the data artifacts of a user accessing Dropbox via smartphone (Android Lollipop and Android Nougat). The data are from performing several common activities such as installing, signing up, uploading, downloading, sharing, and others. About 14 artifacts are identified by documenting the Dropbox client database changing contents as these activities are carried out. This study increases knowledge of the artifacts that are leftover by Dropbox client on Android smartphones. The results propose that these methods can be used by digital forensics investigators in carrying out investigations and cyberlaw practitioners as guidance in criminal cases.
Lung Nodule Texture Detection and Classification Using 3D CNN
Authors: Harsono Ivan William
Published: November 2019

Following artificial intelligence implementation in computer vision fields, especially deep learning, many Computer-Aided Diagnosis (CAD) tools are proposed to help to detect lung cancer by the scoring system or by identifying the characteristics of nodules. However, lung cancer is a clinical diagnosis which does not provide detailed information needed by radiologists and clinician to prevent unnecessary invasive diagnostic procedures compared to lung nodule texture detection and classification. Hence, to answer this problem, this research explores the steps needed to implement 3D CNN on raw thorax CT scan datasets and usage of RetinaNet 3D + Inception 3D with transfer learning. The 3D CNN CAD tools can improve the speed, performance, and ability to detect lung nodule texture instead of malignancy status done by previous studies. This study implements 3D CNN on Moscow private datasets acquired from NVIDIA Asia Pacific. The proposed method of data conversion can minimize information loss from raw data to 3D CNN input data. After 100 epoch training, the researchers conclude that the best-proposed model (3D CNN with transfer learning of pretrained LIDC public datasets weight) provides 22.86% of mean average precision (mAP) detection capability and 70.36% of Area Under the Curve (AUC) in Moscow private dataset lung texture detection tasks. It outperforms non-transfer learning 3D CNN model (trained from scratch) and 3D CNN with transfer learning of pre-trained ImageNet weight.
Consequences of Dicarbonyl Stress on Skeletal Muscle Proteins in Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Ahmad Khurshid , Shaikh Sibhghatulla , Lee Eun Ju , Lee Yong-Ho , Choi Inho
Published: November 2019

Skeletal muscle is the largest organ in the body and constitutes almost 40% of body mass. It is also the primary site of insulin-mediated glucose uptake, and skeletal muscle insulin resistance, that is, diminished response to insulin, is characteristic of Type 2 diabetes (T2DM). One of the foremost reasons posited to explain the etiology of T2DM involves the modification of proteins by dicarbonyl stress due to an unbalanced metabolism and accumulations of dicarbonyl metabolites. The elevated concentration of dicarbonyl metabolites (i.e., glyoxal, methylglyoxal, 3-deoxyglucosone) leads to DNA and protein modifications, causing cell/tissue dysfunctions in several metabolic diseases such as T2DM and other age-associated diseases. In this review, we recapitulated reported effects of dicarbonyl stress on skeletal muscle and associated extracellular proteins with emphasis on the impact of T2DM on skeletal muscle and provided a brief introduction to the prevention/inhibition of dicarbonyl stress.
Gene Selection for the Discrimination of Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Wang Wenhui , Xie Guanglei , Ren Zhonglu , Xie Tingyan , Li Jinming
Published: November 2019

Background:

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer
worldwide. Cancer discrimination is a typical application of gene expression analysis
using a microarray technique. However, microarray data suffer from the curse of
dimensionality and usual imbalanced class distribution between the majority (tumor
samples) and minority (normal samples) classes. Feature gene selection is necessary
and important for cancer discrimination.

Objectives:

To select feature genes for the discrimination of CRC.

Methods:

We select out 16 single-gene feature sets for colorectal cancer discrimination
and 19 single-gene feature sets only for colon cancer discrimination.

Results:

In summary, we find a series of high potential candidate biomarkers or
signatures, which can discriminate either or both of colon cancer and rectal cancer with
high sensitivity and specificity.
Neuropharmacological and Neurogenetic Correlates of Opioid Use Disorder (OUD) As a Function of Ethnicity: Relevance to Precision Addiction Medicine
Authors: Abijo Tomilowo , Blum Kenneth , Gondré-Lewis Marjorie C.
Published: November 2019

Background:

Over 100 people die daily from opioid overdose and $78.5B per year is
spent on treatment efforts, however, the real societal cost is multifold greater. Alternative strategies
to eradicate/manage drug misuse and addiction need consideration. The perception of opioid addiction
as a social/criminal problem has evolved to evidence-based considerations of them as clinical
disorders with a genetic basis. We present evaluations of the genetics of addiction with ancestryspecific
risk profiles for consideration.

Objective:

Studies of gene variants associated with predisposition to substance use disorders
(SUDs) are monolithic, and exclude many ethnic groups, especially Hispanics and African Americans.
We evaluate gene polymorphisms that impact brain reward and predispose individuals to
opioid addictions, with a focus on the disparity of research which includes individuals of African
and Hispanic descent.

Methodology:

PubMed and Google Scholar were searched for: Opioid Use Disorder (OUD), Genome-
wide association studies (GWAS); genetic variants; polymorphisms, restriction fragment
length polymorphisms (RFLP); genomics, epigenetics, race, ethnic group, ethnicity, ancestry, Caucasian/
White, African American/Black, Hispanic, Asian, addictive behaviors, reward deficiency
syndrome (RDS), mutation, insertion/deletion, and promotor region.

Results:

Many studies exclude non-White individuals. Studies that include diverse populations
report ethnicity-specific frequencies of risk genes, with certain polymorphisms specifically associated
with Caucasian and not African-American or Hispanic susceptibility to OUD or SUDs, and vice versa.

Conclusion:

To adapt precision medicine-based addiction management in a blended society, we
propose that ethnicity/ancestry-informed genetic variations must be analyzed to provide real precision-
guided therapeutics with the intent to attenuate this uncontrollable fatal epidemic.
Isoniazid-functionalized Fe3O4 Magnetic Nanoparticles as a Green and Efficient Catalyst for the Synthesis of 3, 4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones and their Sulfur Derivatives
Authors: Moradi Farzaneh , Abdoli-Senejani Masumeh , Ramezani Majid
Published: November 2019

Background:

A wide variety of dihydropyrimidins (DHPMs) exhibit pharmacological and
biological activities. Herein, an efficient one-pot synthesis of some 3, 4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-one
derivatives is reported using Fe3O4 @SiO2–Pr-INH.

Objective:

Recently, several catalysts have been used to improve the Biginellis-reaction. However, some of
these catalysts have imperfections. Herein, a convenient method for the synthesis of 3, 4-dihydropyrimidin-
2(1H)-ones and their sulfur derivatives using Fe3O4 @SiO2–Pr-INH is reported.

Materials and Methods:

Firstly, the catalyst was synthesized through a simple four-step method. The Fe3O4
MNPs were synthesized using the chemical co-precipitation method, coated with a layer of silica using TEOS,
and then functionalized with CPTMS. Subsequently, a nucleophilic substitution of Cl by isoniazid resulted in
the formation of the magnetic Fe3O4@SiO2–Pr-INH. After the preparation and characterization of
Fe3O4@SiO2–Pr-INH, its catalytic activity was studied in the synthesis of 3, 4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-one
derivatives. Following the optimization of the reaction conditions, several 3, 4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-one
derivatives were synthesized by the reaction of ethyl acetoacetate or acetylacetone, thiourea or urea and
aromatic aldehydes at 80 °C under solvent-free conditions.

Results:

Isoniazid-functionalized Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4@SiO2–Pr-INH) were prepared using
Fe3O4 with silica layer and their surface was modified with isoniazid. They were characterized successfully by
infrared spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray
spectroscopy and were used for the synthesis of some 3, 4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-one derivatives as
catalysts. Aromatic aldehydes with electron-donating or electron-withdrawing groups afforded 3, 4-
dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones and their sulfur derivatives in good to excellent yields in short reaction times.

Conclusion:

Isoniazid-functionalized Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4@SiO2–Pr-INH) were used as an
efficient catalyst for Biginelli-type synthesis of 3, 4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones and 3, 4-dihydropyrimidin-
2(1H)-thiones in good to excellent yields and short reaction times. It is noteworthy that this method has several
advantages such as simple experimental procedures, the absence of solvent, environmentally benign process,
stability and reusability of the catalyst.
POCl3 Mediated Syntheses, Pharmacological Evaluation and Molecular Docking Studies of Some Novel Benzofused Thiazole Derivatives as a Potential Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Agents
Authors: Raut Dattatraya G. , Patil Sandeep B. , Choudhari Prafulla B. , Kadu Vikas D. , Lawand Anjana S. , Hublikar Mahesh G. , Bhosale Raghunath B.
Published: November 2019

Background:

The present research work is focused on the development of alternative
antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agents. The review of the literature reveals that many
benzofused thiazole analogues have been used as lead molecules for the design and development
of therapeutic agent, including anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antiviral.
The synthesized benzofused thiazole derivatives are evaluated for in vitro antioxidant,
anti-inflammatory activities and molecular docking study. Thus, the present research work
aims to synthesize benzofused thiazole derivatives and to test their antioxidant and antiinflammatory
activities.

Objective:

To design and synthesize an alternative antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agents.

Methods:

The substituted benzofused thiazoles 3a-g were prepared by cyclocondensation reaction
of appropriate carboxylic acid with 2-aminothiophenol in POCl3 and heated for about
2-3 h to offer benzofused thiazole derivatives 3a-g. All the newly synthesized compounds
were in vitro screened for their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities by using a
known literature method.

Results:

At the outset, the study of in vitro indicated that the compounds code 3c, 3d and 3e
possessed distinct anti-inflammatory activity as compared to a standard reference. All the
tested compounds show potential antioxidant activity against one or more reactive (H2O2,
DPPH, SO and NO) radical scavenging species. Additionally, docking simulation is further
performed to the position of compounds 3d & 3e into the anti-inflammatory active site to determine
the probable binding model.

Conclusion:

New anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agents were needed; it has been proved
that benzofused thiazole derivatives were 3c, 3d and 3e constituted as an interesting template
for the evaluation of new anti-inflammatory agents and an antioxidant’s work also may provide
an interesting template for further development.
Comparative analysis of existing methods for improving reliability of vacuum electronic devices
Authors: Korneev A. A.
Published: November 2019

The article presents the results of the study of the filament modes of electronic lamps and ensuring the rational temperature of the cathode. A brief description and comparative analysis of existing methods with the proposed author are given. The dependence diagrams obtained as a result of a real experiment are presented. A new method of rational control of the electric vacuum devices (EVP) filament mode is proposed, thereby increasing the reliability and increasing the durability of the EVP during operation in high-quality and expensive complex technical systems. According to the results of the study, a new specialized electronic device was developed, which allowed to smoothly regulate the supply of the filament voltage, thereby ensuring the rational control of the operation of the EVP. The technique and specialized electronic device are developed on the basis of modern scientific and technical achievements. This made it possible to increase the reliability and efficiency of the electronic control system for solving critical tasks. When implementing the developed device, the problem of import substitution was solved.
Analysis of cyber attacks on banking systems
Authors: Dragan V. V. , Belov Yu. S. , Grishunov S. S.
Published: November 2019

The article discusses the main methods by which cybercriminals carry out attacks on financial organizations using ATM vulnerabilities (network attacks, blackbox attacks, exiting the user’s restriction of computer use by only one application (kiosk mode) and connecting to the hard drive). The main vulnerabilities of banking systems are analyzed, the results of Positive Technologies research on the percentage of ATMs exposed to the above vulnerabilities are described, and recommendations are made to increase the level of security of information systems of financial organizations. Various, including phishing attacks on the SWIFT (Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunications) and AWP CBD (automated workplace of a Bank of Russia client) systems of the most dangerous criminal hacker groups: Cobalt, MoneyTaker and Silence, are considered.
Влияние твердофазной рекристаллизации с двойной имплантацией на плотность структурных дефектов в ультратонких слоях кремния на сапфире
Authors: Федотов С.Д. , Стаценко В.Н. , Егоров Н.Н. , Голубков С.А.
Published: November 2019

The main technological problem in the manufacture of electronics on silicon-on-sapphire (SOS) wafers is the high density of defects in the epitaxial silicon layer. The modern method of obtaining ultrathin SOS wafers using solid-phase epitaxial recrystallization (SPER) and pyrogenic thinning that significantly reduce the defect density in these layers. Nevertheless, the influence of the defect density in submicron SOS layers on the structural quality of ultrathin SOS layers remains unclear. In this work, ultrathin (100 nm) SOS wafers were obtained by SPER of submicron (300 nm) SOS wafers with different structural quality. The crystallinity of 300 nm layers before the recrystallization process and ultrathin layers was determined by XRD and TEM. It was found that the smallest values of the FWHM 0.19-0.20° were observed for the ultrathin SOS layers obtained on the basis of 300 nm SOS wafers with the best structural quality. It was shown that the structural perfect near-surface Si layer, which serves as a seed layer in SPER process, and the double implantation regime allow to reduce the linear defect density in the ultrathin SOS layers by ~ 1×104 cm-1.
Нуклеация и рост зародышей новой фазы в гетерогенных реакциях
Authors: Корценштейн Н.М.
Published: November 2019

Abstract Expressions for the nucleation and growth rates for condensed particles in a heterogeneous reaction of a definite kind have been derived, which allows the kinetics of the formation of the condensed phase in some complex systems to be described. Methods of the classical nucleation theory and an assumption about the reaction development mechanism were used.
Феноменологические модели зарождения и роста металла на полупроводнике
Authors: Плюснин Н.И.
Published: November 2019

Four modes of metal growth on a semiconductor substrate were found based on an analysis of experimental data obtained under identical experimental conditions during the deposition from a hot wall. These modes are realized at certain ratios between the translational kinetic energy of the vapor deposited on the substrate and its temperature. A growth mechanism and a structural model of the adaptation of a nanophase wetting metal coating to a substrate during the implementation of a pure metal growth mode are proposed.
Термодинамическая модель зародышеобразования кристаллов n-терфенила с анизотропией поверхностной энергии на межфазной границе жидкость-воздух
Authors: Постников В.А. , Кулишов А.А. , Островская А.А. , Степко А.С. , Лебедев-Степанов П.В.
Published: November 2019

An analysis of the change in the Gibbs free energy ∆G upon the formation of a flat nucleus of a p-terphenyl crystal at the liquid – air interface is presented, taking into account the anisotropy of the surface energy of the faces. The surface energy values of the p-terphenyl crystal faces were calculated by the atomic force field method OPLS, based on structural data. Experimental information on crystal growth from solutions and their surface properties was used to analyze the model.
Цепочки карбин-карбинофуллеренов C-C-=SUB=-20-=/SUB=-
Authors: Опенов Л.А. , Подливаев А.И.
Published: November 2019

The results of computer simulation of a new one-dimensional carbon structure - chains consisting of C20 carbinofullerenes linked by carbon atoms are presented. Their bond energy values are determined. Their thermal stability is studied by the method of molecular dynamics. The stability of chains to tension was also investigated and compared with the stability of chains of C20 carbynofullerenes without intermediate carbon atoms. It has been shown that the preferred channel of thermal decay is the fusing of neighboring carbynofullerenes, and the deformation channel is the separation of the extreme carbinofullerene from the chain. The ultimate strains of chains and also the temperature dependence of their lifetime until the time of decay are determined. The values of activation energies and frequency factors of the decay process in the Arrhenius law are found.
Исследование упругих свойств пленок SiC, синтезированных на подложках Si методом замещения атомов
Authors: Гращенко А.С. , Кукушкин С.А. , Осипов А.В.
Published: November 2019

The elastic properties of a nanoscale film of silicon carbide grown on a silicon substrate by atom substitution are studied. For the first time, the Young's modulus of nanoscale silicon carbide was measured by nanoindentation. Using optical profilometry and spectral ellipsometry, the structural characteristics of a silicon carbide film on silicon were studied, namely, the film roughness and its thickness were calculated.
Механизм диффузии монооксидов углерода и кремния в кристалле кубического карбида кремния
Authors: Кукушкин С.А. , Осипов А.В.
Published: November 2019

The basic processes are described occurring in the case of the diffusion of carbon monoxide CO and silicon monoxide SiO through a layer of single-crystal silicon carbide SiC. This problem arises when a single-crystal SiC layer is grown by the method of atom substitution due to the chemical reaction of a crystalline silicon substrate with CO gas. The reaction products are the epitaxial layer of SiC and the gas SiO. It has been shown that CO and SiO molecules decompose in SiC crystals. Oxygen atoms migrate through interstitials in the [110] direction only with an activation energy of 2.6 eV. The migration of Si and C atoms occurs by the vacancy mechanism in the corresponding sublattices with activation energies of 3.6 eV and 3.9 eV, respectively, and also in the [110] direction only.
Моделирование нуклеации в бинарных сплавах на основе метода функционала плотности свободной энергии
Authors: Львов П.Е. , Светухин В.В. , Булярский С.В.
Published: November 2019

In this study, the approach for nucleation rate calculation is developed on the basis of free energy density functional approach. The nucleation rate and characteristics of critical nucleus are calculated from results of composition field simulation, derived by the solution of deterministic or stochastic Cahn-Hilliard equation.
Моделирование радиационно-индуцированной сегрегации в сплавах Fe-Cr-Ni
Authors: Скороход Р.В. , Коропов А.В.
Published: November 2019

In the model of radiation-induced segregation, based on the first and second Fick’s laws and with inverse Kirkendall effect considered, the concentration profiles of the components of the concentrated Fe-Cr-Ni alloy and radiation point defects are obtained at different temperatures, dislocation densities, dose rates. The concentration profiles were calculated from the start of irradiation to the steady state. The sensitivity of concentrations of alloy components near the surface is analyzed as function of input parameters (vacancies migration energy for Cr, Ni, Fe, interstitial migration energy, etc.).
Ионно-пучковые и рентгеновские методы элементной диагностики тонкопленочных покрытий
Authors: Егоров В.К. , Егоров Е.В. , Афанасьев М.С.
Published: November 2019

Abstract We show how the combined use of the methods of Rutherford backscattering of ions and X-ray fluorescence analysis under conditions of total external reflection of the flow of exciting hard X-ray radiation and registration of the X-ray radiation output during ion excitation allows to effectively diagnose the elemental composition of thin-film coatings and films of dry residues of liquids. These methods and the features of their experimental application are briefly described. Examples of the complex methodological analysis of real objects are given. The possibility of increasing the efficiency of the methods of X-ray fluorescence analysis of materials due to the inclusion in the X-ray optical schemes of experimental measurements of flat X-ray waveguide resonators is indicated.
Коррозионное растрескивание под напряжением металлов и сплавов в агрессивных H-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-S-CO-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=--Cl-=SUP=---=/SUP=- средах
Authors: Петров А.И. , Разуваева М.В.
Published: November 2019

The analysis of data on stress corrosion cracking of different classes steels in sour H2S-CO2-Cl- solutions is carried out. The dependence of the time to failure and speed of stationary corrosion on the outside (the concentration of the solution components, temperature, the value of the tensile stress) and internal (the degree of alloying of Cr, Ni, Mo, the yield strength of steel) of the corrosion parameters is obtained The resulting expression will allow to evaluate the corrosion behavior and the possibility of using steel in an aggressive environment without long and expensive field tests.
Спектрофотометрическое исследование солей нитратов и нитритов и их водных растворов
Authors: Алукер Н.Л. , Herrmann M.Е. , Суздальцева Я.М.
Published: November 2019

Optical characteristics of nitrate and nitrite salts and their water solutions are investigated with the goal to demonstrate the applicability of direct spectrophotometric methods to detect various forms of nitrogen salts in water. We provide examples of the application of the method to measure nitrogen ion in samples of natural and potable water from wells.
Оптическое усиление в лазерных гетероструктурах с активной областью на основе короткопериодной сверхрешетки InGaAs/InGaAlAs
Authors: Карачинский Л.Я. , Новиков И.И. , Бабичев А.В. , Гладышев А.Г. , Колодезный Е.С. , Рочас С.С. , Курочкин А.С. , Бобрецова Ю.К. , Климов А.А. , Денисов Д.В. , Воропаев К.O. , Ионов А.С. , Бугров В.Е. , Егоров А.Ю.
Published: November 2019

An active region design based on the InGaAs/InGaAlAs superlattice for laser diodes of 1535-1565 nm spectral range was proposed and experimentally realized. It has been shown that the use of active region design based on superlattice allows increasing the modal gain at equal values of the pump current density in comparison with a common used active-region design based on a set of InGaAs quantum wells.
Быстрые и медленные электромагнитные волны в продольно намагниченном тонкопленочном ферромагнитном метаматериале
Authors: Амельченко М.Д. , Гришин С.В. , Шараевский Ю.П.
Published: November 2019

The results of a theoretical study of the electrodynamic characteristics of fast and slow electromagnetic waves (EMWs) propagating in a metamaterial are presented. The metamaterial consists of a ferromagnetic film inside which a periodic lattice of thin metal wires is located. It has been established that the ferromagnetic thin-film metamaterial possesses the properties of a left-handed medium at frequencies of slow electromagnetic waves. It is shown that, in a ferromagnetic metamaterial, compared with a conventional ferromagnetic film, the cutoff frequencies of fast and slow EMWs shift to a higher frequency range, and EMWs themselves become strongly slowed waves.
Упругое рассеяние нейтрального фтора на атомах Si, O, C и H в диапазоне относительных кинетических энергий 2-200 eV
Authors: Палов А.П. , Zhang J. , Baklanov M. , Wei Sh.
Published: November 2019

Binary interatomic potentials F-F, F-Si, F-O, F-C and F-H are calculated from the first principles (ab initio) on the basis of the multi-configuration method of self-consistent field (CAS-SCF) with a basic set of atomic wave functions aug-pp-AV6Z and are used to calculate phase shifts and cross sections of elastic scattering of atoms in the range of relative kinetic energies 2-200 eV. It is expected that the obtained elastic scattering cross sections will be useful for describing sputtering and etching of porous organosilicate films with ethylene bridges used in modern nanoelectronics.
Исследование оптических и акустических спектральных характеристик при лазерном пробое воды в ультразвуковом поле
Authors: Буланов А.В. , Нагорный И.Г. , Соседко Е.В.
Published: November 2019

Abstract A strong dependence of the optical breakdown in a liquid in the ultrasonic field on the amplitude and frequency of ultrasound is demonstrated. The increase in the intensity of spectral lines of potassium and oxygen during the optical breakdown is detected by the increase in the amplitude and frequency of ultrasound. At the same time, the effect of saturation is observed at high frequencies (above 200 kHz) and for high ultrasonic powers, when the growth in the intensity of spectral lines slows sharply down. This shows that there is no necessity to use high powers and frequencies of ultrasound to study the opto-acoustic effects during optical breakdown in a liquid.
Детонация горючего газового цилиндра при фокусировке падающей ударной волны
Authors: Георгиевский П.Ю. , Левин В.А. , Сутырин О.Г.
Published: November 2019

Two-dimensional interaction of a shock in air with elliptic area (two-dimensional gas bubble) filled with propane-oxygen mixture with addition of heavy gas is numerically studied using Euler’s equations. Propane combustion is modeled with one-stage Arrhenius kinetics. Three different ignition regimes are found: direct detonation initiation by sufficiently strong shock, detonation near the triple point formed during weaker shock refraction and detonation at the focusing point of even weaker shock. The latter regime is observed only for significantly elongated bubbles. Detonation initiation regime dependence on shock Mach number and bubble diameter ratio is determined. It is shown that due to bubble elongation, critical Mach number may be significantly lowered in comparison with direct initiation.
Разработка методов жидкостного травления разделительной меза-структуры при создании каскадных солнечных элементов
Authors: Малевская А.В. , Ильинская Н.Д. , Андреев В.М.
Published: November 2019

Investigation of the post-growth technique for fabricating multijunction solar sells based on the GaInP/GaAs/Ge heterostructure has been carried out. Investigated were methods of liquid chemical and electro-chemical etching of heterostructure layers. Technology for creating the separation mesa-structure has been developed. The improvement of the surface quality and of the profile of the mesa lateral side for heterostructures of different layer content has been achieved.
Zonasi Daerah Rawan Longsor Menggunakan Analisis Sistem Informasi Geografis Berdasarkan Metode AHP Pada Daerah Gunung Kidul Yogyakarta
Authors: Haris Bahrudin Muhammad Joko Umbaran
Published: November 2019

Abstract

 
Data from the Yogyakarta Regional National Survey and Mapping Coordinating Board (Bakosurtanal), disasters that often occur in Yogyakarta are landslides, droughts, tornadoes.In this study, the modeling of potential landslides in the Gunung Kidul area of Yogyakarta has been carried out using GIS analysis and scoring and weighting methods with reference to PU Candy No. 22 /PRT /M /2007 concerning the Guidelines for Landslide Disaster Prone Areas and the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. The results were in the form of Three Zoning landslide prone areas, namely high potential found in three Hamlets namely Kacangan Hamlet Hargomulyo Village located at N 42º E, Kedok Ploso N 186º E Hamlet, and Kembang Village Nglegi Hamlet N 160º E based on vulnerability maps landslides processed based on Permen PU No. 22 / PRT / M / 2007. While the Medium Zone is located in Karangduwet Hamlet, Ngalang Village N 95º E. The low vulnerability zone is located in Duwet Hamlet, Ngalang Village N 4º E. Criteria in the study area include lithology: 0,250, slope: 0,053, groundwater condition 0,304, soil structure: 0,161 , land cover: 0.102 and relative reief: 0.131 all criteria determination is based on landscape hazard evaluation factor (LHEF) which is processed based on AHP method and map overlay technique.
SEGMENTASI PELANGGAN BISNIS DENGAN MULTI KRITERIA MENGGUNAKAN K-MEANS
Authors: Wicaksono Yanuar
Published: November 2019

Customer knowledge is an important asset, in gathering, and managing from sharing customer knowledge into valuable capital for the company. This causes the company to continue to innovate in producing products and serving according to customer needs. To find out the needs of each customer, the company needs to make customer segmentation. Customer segmentation is defined as the division into different groups with similar characteristics to develop marketing strategies that are tailored to customer characteristics. The easiest, simplest, well-known and commonly used model of customer characteristics is the model of the recency, frequency, monetary (RFM) criteria. The RFM model still has weaknesses in low customer segmentation capacity and does not provide information on the continuity of customer transactions in understanding customer loyalty. The research method used is the Knowledge Discovery in Database (KDD) method. The data is transformed into another format that suits the needs of analysis and then the customer is segmented using clustering data mining techniques with the K-Means algorithm. From the experiments, the RFM model guesses loyal customers when reviews, frequency and monetary are high. In reality, the recency only provides information on the customer making the last transaction and the high number of transaction frequencies can be done without the customer's stability in making transactions each period. Implementing multi-criteria in customer segmentation can be better than just RFM criteria. So it will not be wrong to treat customers according to the groups that have been formed.