bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HASTALARIN BİTKİSEL ÜRÜN KULLANIMINA İLİŞKİN TUTUM VE UYGULAMALARININ DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: TEZCAN Songul , BUTUR Melike
Published: September 2022

Objective: Herbal products are commonly used in public as a part of complementary and alternative medicine. The aim of our study is to evaluate the patients' attitudes and practices towards herbal products' uses.Material and Method: This study was a cross-sectional descriptive study conducted at two community pharmacies in Istanbul (Turkey) in December 2017-February 2018. Sociodemographic characteristics of the participants were recorded and a self-structured questionnaire was applied. Result and Discussion: A total of 200 patients were included in the study. The mean age of the patients was 34.6 years. Over sixty percent of the patients were using herbal products and approximately half of them believed that herbal products use was completely harmless (p<0.05). It was determined that the rate of using herbal products was statistically higher in female, adults, patients withlow educational level, patients with chronic diseases, and non-smokers (p<0.05). Patients with chronic illnesses commonly used herbal products and most of the patients believed that these products were harmless. It is important to provide reliable information for the community via pharmacists as health counselors.
UPR'NİN IRE1α/XBP-1 DALININ GSK2850163 ARACILI İNHİBİSYONU MEME KANSERİ HÜCRELERİNDE TAMOKSİFENE DUYARLILIĞI ARTIRIR
Authors: ERZURUMLU Yalçın , DOĞAN Hatice Kübra , ÇATAKLI Deniz
Published: September 2022

Objective: Tamoxifen is used as the leading treatment against breast cancer and has been broadly applied for the last 40 years. However, resistance development against tamoxifen is one of the major limitations in the effective treatment of breast cancer. The aim of our study was to investigate whether blockage of the IRE1α/XBP-1 branch of UPR by GSK2850163 efficiently limited the carcinogenic ability of tamoxifen-resistant MCF-7 cells. Material and Method: Firstly, tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer cells were obtained by regularly exposing MCF-7 cells to tamoxifen. The biochemical activity of GSK2850163 was confirmed by immunoblotting and qRT-PCR. The possible effect of combined treatment of GSK2850163 and tamoxifen on proliferation, invasion, migration, and colony formation abilities of tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer cells were evaluated by using WST-1 based proliferation assay, Boyden-chamber invasion test, wound-healing assay, and plate colony formation methods, respectively. Result and Discussion: Here, we showed that specific blockage of the IRE1α/XBP-1 by GSK2850163 efficiently limited the carcinogenic ability of tamoxifen-resistant MCF-7 cells. Moreover, co-treatment with tamoxifen and GSK2850163 significantly reduced the invasion, migration, and colony formation abilities of breast cancer cells through improved the anti-carcinogenic property of tamoxifen. Our results strongly suggested that IRE1α/XBP-1 inhibitors may be potent therapeutics in breast cancer treatment.
SILENE RUSCIFOLIA METANOLİK HERBA EKSTRESİNDEKİ FİTOKİMYASALLARIN LC-QTOF/MS VE GC/MS İLE İNCELENMESİ
Authors: TOK Kenan Can , HÜRKUL Muhammed Mesud , BOZKURT Nazmiye Neslihan , AYSAL Ayhan İbrahim , YAYLA Şeyda
Published: September 2022

Amaç: Silene L. (Caryophyllaceae) türleri geleneksel olarak iltihap, idrar yolu iltihabı, göz rahatsızlığı, cilt sorunu, mide ağrısı, dizanteri, diş çürümesi, ateş, baş ağrısı, sıtma, sivilce ve sırt ağrısı tedavisinde kullanılmaktadır. Silene türlerinin kimyasal bileşenleri flavonoidler, antosiyanidinler, terpenoidler, triterpen saponinler, fitoekdisteroidler, benzenoidler, vitaminlerden oluşur ve antioksidan, antiinflamatuar, antitümör, antiviral aktivite gösterirler. Silene ruscifolia (Hub.-Mor. & Reese) Hub.-Mor. Türkiye'de "gizli nakıl" olarak adlandırılır.Gereç ve Yöntem: Bitki materyali Beynam Ormanı'ndan (Ankara/Türkiye) toplandı. Bitkinin toprak üstü kısımları ultrasonik banyoda metanol ile ekstre edildi. Otomatik örnekleyici, ikili pompa, kolon fırını ve bir UV dedektörüne sahip HPLC sistemi (Agilent 1260 Serisi), Çift Sprey Agilent Jet Stream elektrosprey iyonizasyon kaynağına sahip bir iFunnel Quadrupole Time-of-Flight LC-MS system (Agilent G6550A) ile birleştirildi. Bileşiklerin ayrılması için Agilent TC C-18 (4.6 mm x 150 mm x 5 µm) kolonu kullanıldı. Ekstrenin GC-MS analizi, bir Agilent 5973N dört kutuplu kütle spektrometresi (Agilent, ABD) ile donatılmış bir Agilent 6890 gaz kromatografı kullanılarak yapıldı. Bileşiklerin belirlenmesi ve tanımlanması için Mass Hunter yazılımı (Qualitative Analysis B.07.00) ve NIST Mass Spectral Library (2014) kullanıldı.Sonuç ve Tartışma: LC-MS Q-TOF analizi, S. ruscifolia'nın rutin, narsissin, luteolin, izoramnetin, ramnetin ve kersetin dimetil eter içerdiğini gösterdi. GC-MS analizi, ekstrenin şeker (%50.5) ve şeker alkolleri (%46.39) olarak en yüksek içeriğe sahip olduğunu göstermiştir. Ayrıca karboksilik asit (%0.47), yağ asidi (%0.64), şeker asidi (%0.42), glikozit (%0.48), karotenoidler (%0.61) ve benzoik asit esteri (%0.49) içerir. D-pinitol, %41.14 ile ekstredeki en yüksek içeriğe sahiptir.
PRÁVO NA ODPOR A KONCEPT BRÁNÍCÍ SE DEMOKRACIE – ČESKÝ PŘÍSTUP
Authors: Mulák Jiří
Published: September 2022

Tento článek pojednává o právu na odpor a o konceptu bránící se demokracie z perspektivy právního řádu České republiky. Nejprve je vymezena idea práva lidu na odpor, posléze představeno právo na odpor v českém právním řádu. Upozorněno je rovněž na vztah materiálního ohniska ústavy a práva lidu na odpor. Druhá část příspěvku je věnována otázce konceptu bránící se demokracie, kde se zaměřuji na základní dilema, zda demokratický právní stát může omezit základní práva a svobody, a rovněž i na výtky, které jsou vznášeny proti tomuto konceptu.
PRÍPUSTNOSŤ RETROAKTIVITY VOČI POVINNE ZVEREJŇOVANÝM ZMLUVÁM
Authors: Tekeli Jozef
Published: September 2022

Autor sa v predloženom príspevku zaoberá prípustnosťou pravej retroaktivity a nepravej retroaktivity voči povinne zverejňovaným zmluvám v podmienkach Slovenskej republiky a analýzou zásady zákazu retroaktivity právnych noriem s poukazom na vybranú domácu a zahraničnú judikatúru. Cieľom predloženého príspevku je poukázať na dôležité aspekty, ktoré s vybranou problematikou súvisia a analyzovať problémy súvisiace s uplatnením zásady zákazu retroaktivity právnych noriem, ktoré sa v praxi pomerne často vyskytujú.
RECENZIA/REVIEW: ŠOLTYS, D.: REPETITÓRIUM TEÓRIE PRÁVA
Authors: Tomaš Lukáš
Published: September 2022

(vydanie prvé) Bratislava: Iuris Libri, 2021, ISBN: 978-80-89635-50-4, s. 100
Implementasi Jaringan Fiber To The Building Menggunakan Teknologi di Gedung Pasaraya Blok M
Authors: Silalahi Lukman Medriavin , Silaban Freddy Artadima
Published: September 2022

Gedung Pasaraya terletak di Blok M, Jakarta Selatan. Awalnya, gedung ini merupakan gedung yang dibangun untuk pusat perbelanjaan dan mall. Namun, seiring dengan berkembangnya teknologi komunikasi, gedung ini kemudian berubah menjadi tempat perkantoran. PT. ACSATA dipilih sebagai coordinator ISP untuk mendukung layanan akses yang cepat. Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan media akses yang memiliki bandwith cukup besar agar kebutuhan akses cepat dapat terpenuhi. Penerapan sistem jaringan fiber optic di antaranya adalah jaringan FTTB (Fiber To The building). Pada jaringan FTTB (Fiber To The building) yang merupakan aplikasi teknologi jaringan akses optik FTTx yang menggunakan teknologi PON (Passive Optical Network), jaringan FTTB (Fiber To The building) diaplikasikan pada suatu gedung, baik apartemen, hotel, dan perkantoran. GPON (Gigabit Passive Optical Network) merupakan salah satu teknologi jaringan fiber optic yang dikembangkan oleh ITU-T via G.984. Dari hasil penulisan ini dapat diketahui bahwa redaman yang diperoleh berkisar - 21.747 dBm s.d. -21.839 dBm. Dalam implementasi fiber to the Building di Pasaraya Blok M ini dinyatakan layak karena masih sesuai dengan standar redaman ITU-T G.984 dan standar yang telah ditetapkan oleh PT. ACSATA.
The Analisis Sistem Kerja ATIS (Automatic Terminal Information Service) di AIRNAV Cabang Medan
Authors: Manurung Amnur Pinomo , Saragih Yuliarman , Adzilla Wilma Nurrul
Published: September 2022

Keselamatan merupakan hal yang utama dalam dunia penerbangan, sehingga setiap instrumen penerbangan harus dipastikan dapat bekerja dengan baik. ATIS (Automatic Terminal Information Service) adalah alat yang digunakan untuk memberi informasi seperti cuaca, landasan pacu aktif, dan informasi lainnya yang dibutuhkan oleh pilot ketika melakukan lepas landas atau mendaratkan pesawat terbang. Informasi tersebut disiarkan dan ditransmisikan setiap saat untuk mengurangi kesibukan komunikasi di radio penerbangan. Oleh sebab itu, ATIS merupakan salah satu instrumen penting dalam penerbangan. Kinerja ATIS harus selalu diperhatikan dan dilakukan pemeliharaan yang baik, sehingga dapat menghindari terjadinya gangguan aktvitas penerbangan dan tetap terjaganya keselamatan penumpang serta awak pesawat. Penelitian ini menyajikan kestabilan data ATIS dengan tingkat keberhasilan mencapai 99,9%.
ACID HYDROLYSIS OF CORN COB TO GLUCOSE: A KINETIC STUDY
Authors: Onyelucheya OE , Uzoh BN
Published: September 2022

Corn cob is a renewable, cheap and abundant lignocellulosic material. Being a potential source of fermentable sugars, corn cob can be used as a substrate for value added products such as ethanol. This research work studied the glucose production from corn cob using phosphoric and nitric acids at 1300C, acid concentrations of 1wt%, 2wt%, 3wt%, 4wt% and 5wt% respectively and at time intervals of 18mins, 36mins,54mins,72mins and 90mins respectively. The substrate was characterized for the proximate constituents and the results show that corn cob has high hemicellulosic content. Seaman model and the Twofraction model were used in studying the kinetics of glucose concentration in the hydrolysates, and the Twofraction model gave a better fit with R2 equal to 1. A maximum concentration of 0.038mg/ml of glucose was produced when 5wt% H3PO4 was used as catalyst for the hydrolysis, and a time interval of 42mins, with 0.4% susceptibility to hydrolysis. Whereas for the nitric acid hydrolysis, 0.054mg/ml maximum concentration of glucose was produced using 2wt% of HNO3, at a time interval of 77mins, with 0.6% susceptibility to hydrolysis. Comparatively, nitric acid proved to be a more efficient catalyst for acid hydrolysis of corn cobs.
School Management in Forming Children's Religious Character
Authors: Sandiko Sandiko , Faiz Faiz , Rozi Fathor , Wahyuni Uun , Yulastari Yulastari
Published: September 2022

Religious character education for children is essential to do from an early age to strengthen their character so that other people's negative behavior does not easily influence them. In its implementation, religious character education requires management to run optimally. This study aims to understand school management in shaping the religious character of children through gadget media which was carried out at RA Sunan Ampel, Probolinggo. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach with the type of case study. The results showed that RA Sunan Ampel arranged a series of religious activities that were strengthened by school management through the stages of planning, regulating the implementation of activities, and regularly evaluating by utilizing gadgets through the digital application "Link Book." School programs run optimally when all elements in the school are actively involved and support these activities.
Tahfidz Learning Management at Pesantren-based Higher Education
Authors: Murniyanto Murniyanto , Siswanto Siswanto
Published: September 2022

This research is motivated by the condition of new students who enter Ma'had Al-Jami'ah IAIN Curup who have different educational backgrounds in understanding the Qur'an. This study aimed to understand the management of Tahfidz Qur'an learning at IAIN Curup. This research is a qualitative research type of case study. Observation, interviews, and documentation carried out data collection techniques. The subjects of this research are administrators, ustadz and ustazah, and students. Then the data analysis starts with data reduction, presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results showed that; Tahfidz Al-Qur'an learning management at IAIN Curup includes three stages, namely, planning, which consists of praying and memorizing muraja'ah; implementation consisting of recitation techniques, and understanding the meaning, memorization techniques, and deposit techniques and the evaluation stage in the form of an oral test. Furthermore, the application of the method used at Ma'had Al-Jami'ah IAIN Curup is unique, namely the technique of understanding meaning.
Strengthening Local Wisdom-Based Work Culture in Improving the Quality of Education in Madrasah
Authors: Rusmiyati Rusmiyati , Z Wan Jamaludin , Akmansyah Muhammad , Hadiati Eti
Published: September 2022

This study aimed to improve the quality of madrasah education by strengthening the work culture of Madrasah Aliyah teachers in the western region of the Central Lampung district. This research uses a qualitative case study approach. Data collection techniques used are observation, interviews, and documentation. The data analysis technique uses Miles and Huberman's interactive analysis, which includes; the process of data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion. The results showed that improving the quality of madrasah education through strengthening the work culture of Madrasah Aliyah teachers was carried out through the implementation of work culture in planning, work culture in organizing, work culture in performance, and work culture in supervision, work culture in evaluation. This research has implications for the importance of a work culture that must be managed in such a way as to achieve the desired goals.
Leadership and Multicultural Environment; Kyai's Power and Authority Contest at Pondok Pesantren
Authors: Rahman Kholilur
Published: September 2022

This paper aims to understand spiritual leadership from the personal point of view, power, and authority. The central concept of leadership in this landscape is how a leader can impact people who have different attitudes, motivations, origins, personality values, beliefs, and of course, culture from a sociological-anthropological perspective. In addition to looking at aspects of multicultural leadership, the author will also enrich this study by studying a character, namely KH Muwafiq Amir. A Kyai who has power and authority in the Pondok Pesantren Bustanul Makmur, Genteng, Banyuwangi. An influence that will be read through the paradigm of power and authority. This study uses a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach. The results showed that KH Muwafiq Amir was 'appointed' as chairman of the Board of Caregivers in this pesantren environment outside the customs or traditions different from pesantren in general; where the succession of leadership is determined by lineage. Meanwhile, KH Muwafiq Amir is not a direct descendant (read; biological) from the Big Family of the Pondok Pesantren Bustanul Makmur.
Democratic Leadership Style of Public and Private Elementary School Principals During The Covid-19
Authors: Riski Samsu , Hamami Tasman , Yamin M Nurul
Published: September 2022

This research aims to analyze and understand the democratic leadership style of the head of Ngrukumen public elementary school and Muhammadiyah Girikerto Yogyakarta Private during the Covid-19 pandemic. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach. Data collection techniques in this study use observation, interviews, and documentation. This study's data analysis techniques use data analysis, data presentation, and drawing conclusions or verification. The analysis and research data results showed that the democratic leadership style of the head of Ngrukumen State Elementary School during the Covid-19 pandemic used a systematic democratic leadership style. The democratic leadership style of the head of Muhammadiyah private elementary school Girikerto Yogyakarta during the pandemic uses a combined democratic combination leadership style between democratic, transactional, and charismatic.
Management of Student Life Skills and Their Impact on Learning Outcomes of Madrasah Students During The Covid-19 Pandemic Period
Authors: Bahiroh Siti , Madjid Abd
Published: September 2022

This study aims to analyze the mastery of student life skills (personal skills, social skills, academic skills, and vocational skills) and their impact on the learning outcomes of madrasah students during the covid-19 pandemic period. This research is quantitative research that uses the correlational descriptive method. The sample of this study is 64 students of Grade Sixth of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Muhammadiyah Jragan. The results show that personal skills and social skills significantly affect the learning outcomes of madrasah students. Meanwhile, simultaneously, all life skills variables in this study substantially influence the learning outcomes of Madrasah students. These results indicate that life skills education mastered by madrasah students when studying online at home during the covid-19 pandemic encourages the achievement of good madrasa student learning outcomes. Hence, it can be concluded that online learning at home can work well if it is supported by better mastery of student life skills.
Teachers' Perceptions of Academic Supervision in a Pandemic Era; Phenomenological Review
Authors: Nuryani Lilis Kholisoh , Enas Enas , Herman Maman , Wahyudi Eko , Dianawati Lely
Published: September 2022

Academic supervision is non-negotiable for leaders to improve teacher professionalism in schools. This research aims to understand the teacher's perception of the principal's academic supervision at SMP Negeri 2 Kroya. This study uses a qualitative approach to the type of phenomenology. This research is an understanding of social phenomena or phenomena that occur in the field, with more emphasis on a complete picture of the phenomena that occur. The results showed that teachers' perceptions of academic supervision by school principals had a perfect meaning because, on average, they had good motivation and performance before the covid-19 pandemic. Teachers interpreted the supervision carried out by the principal of SMP Negeri 2 Kroya as professional guidance assistance, quality-oriented based on continuous improvement, quality control, driving school principals, and an arena for the principal's responsibility to teachers.
Excellent Service in The Perspective of Social Reconstruction: Public Perception and Expectation
Authors: Zamroni Zamroni , Fajri Muhammad
Published: September 2022

This study aims to identify and analyze excellent service in Madrasahs based on the perspective of social reconstruction by examining public perceptions and expectations of the quality of Madrasah services. This phenomenological research uses a qualitative descriptive approach. To meet the needs of this study, researchers collected data by using observation, interview, and documentation techniques. The informants in this study included the head of the madrasa, integrated service staff, students, alums, and the madrasah committee. The results of the study indicate that there is urgency in implementing excellent services in madrasas, perceptions of community satisfaction with madrasa services, and the suitability of community expectations with the implementation of madrasa services. This study implies the importance of service in madrasa development activities that focus on customer satisfaction to survive and win the competition amid competition between educational institutions.
Education Leadership in The Establishment of The Nation's Reserve Components
Authors: Almubaroq Hikmat Zakky
Published: September 2022

This study aims to analyze and understand educational leadership in shaping the nation's reserve component at the Defense University of the Republic of Indonesia. This research uses a qualitative case study, where the researcher uses interviews, observations, and documentation to obtain accurate data. The data analysis was carried out circularly, starting from data collection, presentation, reduction, and conclusions. The results of the study indicate that the national reserve component program at the Defense University of the Republic of Indonesia uses the involvement of educational leadership in totality which is carried out through; exemplary transformational leaders, leadership, builds self-confidence, futuristic leadership, strengthens the code of ethics of local wisdom. This research has implications for the importance of establishing the nation's reserve component through leadership education from an early age to be able to foster the enthusiasm of the entire academic community in involving its potential as a component of the nation's reserves that can assist the main component in strengthening the nation's defense.
Religion, Leadership and School Principals; Symbolic Interactionism Perspective
Authors: Asmuri Asmuri , Zakaria Gamal Abdul Nasir , Palawa Alimuddin Hassan , Rahman Rahman
Published: September 2022

This study aims to analyze the leadership behavior of the madrasa principal in internalizing the religious values of the symbolic interactionalism perspective in the madrasa. This research was conducted using a phenomenological type of qualitative approach, in which researchers used interviews, observations, and documentation to obtain data in the field. The data analysis was carried out circularly through data presentation, data reduction, and concluding. The results showed that the leadership behavior of the madrasa principal in internalizing religious values from the symbolic interactionalism perspective was reflected in ritual practices as religious symbols that were displayed personally and collegially. In addition, sincerity is used as the basis for his perpetuation at the madrasa. This study implies that religious values must be internalized in every managerial activity in the madrasa to achieve the desired goals.
The Satisfaction Analysis of Professional Placement Partners on The Performance of University Students
Authors: Busriadi Busriadi , Zaki Muhammad , Chusmita Lina Ade , Hidayat Ansori
Published: September 2022

This study aims to see how the satisfaction of fieldwork practice partners (PKL) on student performance. The research method used is a combination of sequential explanatory models or designs, wherein the first stage of the research was carried out by quantitative methods and the second stage by qualitative methods. The instruments analyzed are aspects of the quality of activities, aspects of Human Resource Competence (HR), and aspects of activity productivity. The results of the three aspects that have been analyzed received excellent and positive responses. For this reason, it can be said that the instruments used in this study were appropriate. It can be proven that the quality of activity quality (KMK) received a good and positive response of as much as 68%. In addition, the satisfaction of partner companies with the Productivity of PKL activities has a positive relationship of 62.5%. Meanwhile, the satisfaction of partner companies concerning Human Resource Competence (KSDM) also has an excellent positive relationship of 68.8%. Efforts to maintain and improve student performance and partner satisfaction are tangible manifestations of creating better student performance.
Creating Digital Literature through Transformational Leadership; Challenges and Solutions
Authors: Sudrajat Dadang , Dikananda Arif Rinaldi , Rahaningsih Nining , Cakranegara Pandu Adi , Putra Purniadi
Published: September 2022

This study aims to analyze and understand the principal's transformational leadership in realizing digital literacy. This study uses a qualitative approach to the type of phenomenology. Data collection techniques were carried out through interviews, observation, and documentation. Data analysis was carried out through several stages: data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing or verification. The results showed that; transformational leadership strategy in increasing digital literacy by holding mini workshops and digital literacy examples. The challenges and solutions in transformational leadership are that teachers are still technology literate and not wholeheartedly in studying digitalization and inadequate internet access. This research has implications for the importance of designing educational institutions oriented toward developing digital literacy in responding to the challenges and demands of the times.
‘The same virile ability of Val Guest’: The Film Finances Archive and British Film-makers
Authors: Chapman James
Published: September 2022

This article draws upon the Film Finances Archive to propose an alternative hierarchy of British directors based on their ability to deliver films on budget and schedule rather than on the artistic qualities of their films. An analysis of the archive’s large collection of budgets and cost reports for British feature films since 1950 highlights which directors had a record of economical and timely delivery of their films. The article shows that the common distinction between auteur and journeyman directors does not necessarily map onto their efficiency as film-makers. In this way the article demonstrates how a particular archive can offer new ways of thinking about British cinema history based on the professional discourses of the film industry.
Open Fields, Stinking Bodies, and Loud Voices: Britishness and Religious Awakenings in Eighteenth-Century Scotland
Authors: Adkins Tucker
Published: September 2022

This article interprets the Scottish awakenings through spaces, sounds, and bodies. As southwestern Scots filled late-night, open-air services and repeatedly experienced swooning, screaming, and spectral hauntings, they entered the same ‘work’ seen throughout the North Atlantic. But the events at Cambuslang and Kilsyth were not commonplace replicas of the outpourings seen elsewhere. The spatial, sonic, and corporeal contexts underlying Scotland’s revivals show that the awakeners of northern Britain stridently upended the social expectations indispensable to eighteenth-century ‘Britishness’. They specifically did so by seizing and retooling long-held stereotypes regarding Scottish bodies and spaces. In doing so, Scotland’s born-again clergy and laypeople joined their co-laborers in thoroughly democratising Protestantism across the British Atlantic.
POLES WHO EMIGRATED FROM THE SOVIET UNION TO IRAN IN THE SECOND WORLD WAR
Authors: DEMİREL Kenan
Published: September 2022

One of the inevitable consequences of wars is undoubtedly migration. Migrations caused by wars usually take place in the form of movement of people living in endangered areas from the geography where they live individually or collectively to safer areas to protect their life safety. Even though migration is due to compulsory reasons, immigrants act according to their own will. However, some of the migrations that took place during the Second World War took place against the will of the immigrants. For example; It was not their choice to exile the Poles to the Soviet Union and from there to Iran. This migration began when the Red Army deported the people of eastern Poland to regions of the Soviet Union such as Siberia, the Urals, Kazakhstan along with the Polish soldiers who had captured, and took place in the context of changing political and military conditions when Germany attacked the Soviet Union in June 1941. Germany's attack on the Soviet Union had offered the Polish Government the opportunity to save its country and its people in exile. Through the mediation of the British, the Soviet Union and Poland left their disagreements behind and united against Germany, which they considered as a common enemy. This alliance changed the difficult life of the exiled Poles in the Soviet Union, and the Polish Government, by agreeing with the Soviet Union, succeeded in sending its exiled people to Iran.

In this study; The transfer of Polish refugees from the Soviet Union to Iran, the cities where they were settled, their socio-cultural activities, their jobs and lives, and their positive and negative effects on Iran will be discussed.
INFLUENCE OF THERMOSETTING MODIFIERS ON THE PROPERTIES OF BITUMEN FOR THEIR APPLICATION AT THE ARRANGEMENT OF EPOXY ASPHALT PAVEMENTS ON ROAD BRIDGES
Authors:   M.P. Shulgin State Road Research Institute State Enterprise (DerzhdorNDI SE), Zelenovsky Vladimir , Onyshchenko Artur
Published: September 2022

One of the mechanisms of the destruction of asphalt concrete pavement layers on bridges, especially with an orthotropic slab, is a large final deformation, which negatively affects the long-term operational performance of the entire bridge structure. Modification of the asphalt concrete mixture with epoxy components can be very relevant to eliminate the final deformation due to their thermoreactive nature. In this review, epoxy resin and its hardener are considered as the dominant component of the epoxy-asphalt concrete composite system, and based on the results of studies on determining the effect of temperature on the rate of hardening of epoxy resin, on the results of the selection of a binder for the production of epoxy-asphalt concrete mixtures and establishing the viability of an epoxy binder with different contents of epoxy components in bitumen, this article discusses the methods and mechanism of its hardening. The research mentioned in this description is also very useful from a practical point of view, because thanks to the obtained results of determining the viscosity of epoxy-asphalt concrete, depending on the amount of epoxy components in its composition, it is possible to determine the permissible time for its arrangement, taking into account possible features. With the aim of using epoxy-asphalt concrete coatings on road bridges and thanks to the conducted studies, the influence of the introduction of epoxy components as thermosetting modifiers on the properties of bitumen was determined. The research methodology and the obtained results of already conducted research will allow to determine the possibility of using certain components for the preparation of epoxy-asphalt concrete mixtures and their viability. It will make it possible to make an optimal selection of the mixture, taking into account the variation of temperatures and the content of epoxy components. Key words: epoxy asphalt concrete, epoxy resin, coating on bridges, bitumen modification, bitumen properties, viability of modified bitumen.
Comparison of Clinical-related Characteristics of Endodontic Patients Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: KAPLAN Tuna , SÖNMEZ KAPLAN Sema
Published: September 2022

Objective: To compare patient-related and clinical-related characteristics of endodontic patients, before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: The study population comprised 506 patients (teeth: n=674) aged 13–81 years who attended undergraduate dental clinics in the Endodontics Department of the Faculty of Dentistry at Biruni University for endodontic treatment. Patient-related and clinical-related data were compared at two time intervals: before the first COVID-19 case was reported in Turkey and after the first COVID-19 case was reported in Turkey

Results: There were no significant differences in terms of age and sex of the patients attending the clinics before versus during the pandemic. The incidence of reported pain before the pandemic was significantly lower than that reported during the pandemic (p=0.041). Periapical health before the pandemic was significantly better than that during the pandemic (p
The Effect of Antimicrobial Policy Implementation on Carbapenem Resistance: A University Hospital Experience
Authors: DERİN Okan , ŞEKER Fatma , AKSOY Nilay , YIGIT Pakize , YILMAZ Mehmet , MERT Ali
Published: September 2022

Objective: The resistance of Gram-negative bacteria to antibiotics is a global issue that leads to increased mortality and treatment costs. The aim of this study is to see how a newly formed carbapenem control team affected the prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative rods and antibiotic consumption expenses in 2017 compared to the year before.

Methods: The rate of carbapenem antibiotic usage in Intensive Care Units and Bone Marrow Transplantation services, as well as the findings of culture materials obtained from various body parts of the same patients, between January 1, 2016, and December 31, 2017 were assessed.

Results: While there was an ordinary restriction on carbapenem consumption in 2016, carbapenem consumption has been more restricted in 2017. The carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria patterns of culture materials are examined and compared with Defined Daily Dose data of carbapenems. After the restriction, a significant decrease in the consumption of carbapenems was detected. The decline in carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria and decreasing antibiotic consumption were found to have a moderately positive correlation (r=0.641, p=0.02). A 60.9% decrease was observed in carbapenem costs after carbapenem restriction, on the other hand, an increase in other unrestricted antibiotics was apparent.

Conclusion: Antimicrobial restriction policies can help minimize the rate of carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative rods, which is a serious problem in healthcare. We demonstrated that a decrease in carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative rods isolation rates can lead to a decrease in healthcare-associated infections. Although there is no decrease in the direct antibiotics cost, a drop in carbapenem-resistant may lower the expenses of drastic consequences of infections with carbapenem-resistant and its cost. we can conclude that the Antibiotic Control Policy should be modified based on this new information.
Comparison of the Effect of Denture Cleansers on Long-Term Water Sorption and Solubility of Polyetheretherketone with other Denture Base Materials
Authors: DEMİRCİ Fatih , TANIK Abdulsamet
Published: September 2022

Objective: In this in vitro study, the effect of three denture cleansers (DCs) after immersion in a chemical solution applied to polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and other denture base materials (DBMs) on long-term water sorption and solubility was compared.

Methods: Disk-shaped specimens (50±1.0-mm diameter and 0.5±0.1-mm thickness) were prepared from four DBMs (n=48). All specimens were randomly subdivided into four storage media groups (n=12): Corega tablet (CT), Protefix tablet (PT), 1% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) solution (SH), and control (distilled water, DW). Storage media were renewed thrice a day for 120 days and simulated for 1-year use of overnight immersion. Water sorption and solubility (µg/mm3) of DBMs before and after immersion in storage media were examined and obtained data were statistically analyzed using a multivariate analysis of variance, followed by multiple comparisons by a posthoc Tukey’s test (p
The Effects of Cyanoacrylate on Clinical Healing and Self-Reported Outcomes Following Free Gingival Graft Surgery: A Randomized Clinical Study
Authors: YILMAZ Mustafa , KAYAALTI-YÜKSEK Sibel , KARADUMAN Burcu
Published: September 2022

Objective: This study aims to reveal the effects of cyanoacrylate application at the recipient bed and the donor site in free gingival graft surgery on graft dimensions, clinical healing parameters and patient-based outcomes.

Methods: Free gingival graft operations were conducted on individuals who were randomly assigned to control or test groups. In the test group, the graft was stabilized and the donor site was coated with cyanoacrylate. In the control group, 6/0 polyvinylidene fluoride sutures were used for stabilization, while the donor site was left untreated. Variables including re-epithelization, post-operative complications, pain, bleeding and quality of life at recipient site, and color match, graft dimensions at donor site were assessed for up to 6 months.

Results: Twenty-three individuals completed the study. No differences were observed in any variable between groups except horizontal dimension loss of the graft, which was more abundant in the cyanoacrylate group at six months (p>0.05, p
Pediatric Open Globe Injury in a University-Based Tertiary Hospital in the Anatolian Region
Authors: BOZALİ Erman , YALINBAŞ YETER Duygu , APA Anıl Selim , VURAL ÖZEÇ Ayşe , ERDOĞAN Haydar
Published: September 2022

Objective: Evaluation of the epidemiological and clinical features of pediatric open globe injury.

Methods: Medical records of 51 patients under the age of 18 who presented to the emergency department with open globe injury (OGI) between 2009 and 2021 were evaluated retrospectively. Patient demographics, Birmingham Eye Trauma Terminology (BETT) category, pediatric ocular trauma score (POTS), visual acuity (VA), site of injury, and seasonal distribution were evaluated.

Results: Of all patients included, 40 (78.4%) were male, 11 (21.6%) were female, and the mean age was 9.6±5.2 years. Zone I injury was detected in 31 (60.8%) patients. The most common cause of injury was sharp objects such as metal or wood splinters. Of all injuries, 29 (56.9%) occurred outdoors. Ocular trauma occurred more frequently in boys, especially in the summer months. Initial VA was less than 0,1 in 21 (41.2%) of the patients, between 0.1-0.5 in 9 (17.6%) and 0.6 and above in 5 (9.8%) patients. At the final visit, VA was less than 0.1 in 9 (17.6%) patients, 0.1-0.5 in 10 (19.6%) patients, and 0.6 and above in 18 (35.3%) patients. Final VA was related to the Zone and was lower as the Zone increased (p:0.011). VA and POTS scores were positively correlated at the final visit (p=0.001).

Conclusion: It is substantial for emergency physicians to have a comprehensive understanding of pediatric globe injuries so that children with suspected ocular trauma should be evaluated by an ophthalmologist to prevent medicolegal problems.
Investigation of Neurogenesis in Kindled Wistar and Genetic Absence Epilepsy Rats
Authors: KANDEMİR Cansu , YAVUZ Melis , KARAKAYA Fatma Bedia , ÇİLİNGİR-KAYA Özlem Tuğçe , ONAT Filiz , ŞİRVANCI Serap
Published: September 2022

Objective: The most common type of epilepsy affecting about 50 million people worldwide is temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). Chemical and electrical kindling methods in animals can be used to form TLE model. In the present study, it was aimed to investigate neurogenesis in the hippocampus of adult kindled Wistar rats and genetic absence epilepsy rats from Strasbourg (GAERS) rats by immunofluorescence methods.

Methods: Adult Wistar and GAERS albino rats weighing 250-300 gr were injected pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) (35 mg/kg, s.c.) every other day to produce chemical kindling. Animals having 5 times grade 5 seizures were considered to be kindled. Intracardiac perfusion was performed under deep anesthesia on the 7th and 14th days after the last grade 5 seizure. Immunofluorescence methods were used to demonstrate newly formed neurons, astroglial cells, and mature neurons, by using anti-doublecortin (DCX), anti-glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and anti- neuronal nuclear antigen (NeuN) primary antibodies, respectively. Sections were then examined under a fluorescence microscope.

Results: DCX (+) cells were found to be increased in GAERS control groups compared to the Wistar control groups; and in Wistar PTZ groups compared to the Wistar control groups. DCX (+) cells were decreased in GAERS PTZ groups compared to their controls and to Wistar PTZ groups.

Conclusion: The findings of the present study suggest that the resistance to electrical kindling of GAERS reported in previous studies might be related to the increased neurogenesis in this strain.
The Relationship Between Gluten Enteropathy and Nail Capileroscopy Findings and Disease Activation
Authors: OKYAR Burak , YILDIRIM Abdullah Emre , BARUTÇU Sezgin
Published: September 2022

Objective: Nailfold Videocapilloroscopy (NVC) is an examination method that is used as an aid in the diagnosis, follow-up, and treatment strategy of rheumatic diseases such as systemic sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, and gives an idea about microcirculation by examining the vascular bed. It is a cheap, easily applicable, and quickly accessible method. Because of these features, we aimed to use the NVC method in patients with Gluten Enteropathy (GE) to determine whether this method will be a helpful technique in the diagnosis, activation decision, remission follow-up, and treatment strategy in patients with GE.

Methods: In this study, 67 patients diagnosed with GE (n=35 disease-active group (AGE), n=32 disease-related remission group (RGE), and control group (CG)-27 healthy people whose diagnosis of GE was ruled out were included in this study. Group and CG were divided into ten parameters in capillary pathologies (capillary density loss, dilated capillary, giant capillary, microhemorrhage, avascular area, tortuosity, branched capillary, disorganization, extravasation, angiogenesis). They were divided into two groups as RGE and compared with the results obtained from NVC measurements

Results: When patients diagnosed with GE and CG were evaluated in terms of capillary disorder with NVC, While all of the patients with capillary disorders were in the GE group, no capillary disorders were found in the control group (p<0.01). When patients diagnosed with GE were divided into two groups (AGE and RGE), NVC measurements were compared; All patients with capillary disorders were found in the AGE group (p<0.01). Capillary density loss and/or avascular area were detected in 80.9% of patients with capillary disorders.

Conclucion: Our study found a statistically significant difference in NVC measurements between GE patients and CG (p<0.01). The fact that all patients with capillary disorders were in the active group in terms of the disease and no capillary disorders were detected in any patients in remission showed that this method could be used as an auxiliary technique in the diagnosis of GE, making the decision of activation or remission, monitoring the disease and determining treatment strategies.
Clinical value of metagenomic next-generation sequencing by Illumina and Nanopore for the detection of pathogens in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in suspected community-acquired pneumonia patients
Authors: Zhang Jing , Gao Lin , Zhu Chi , Jin Jiajia , Song Chao , Dong Hang , Li Zhenzhong , Wang Zheng , Chen Yubao , Yang Zhenhua , Tan Yan , Wang Li
Published: September 2022

At present, metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) based on Illumina platform has been widely reported for pathogen detection. There are few studies on the diagnosis of major pathogens and treatment regulation using mNGS based on Illumina versus Nanopore. We aim to evaluate the clinical value of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) by Illumina and Nanopore for the detection of pathogens in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) in suspected community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) patients. BALF samples collected from 66 suspected CAP patients within 48 hours of hospitalization were divided into two parts, one for conventional culture and the other for mNGS by two platforms (Illumina and Nanopore). The clinical value based on infection diagnosis, diagnostic performance for main pathogens and treatment guidance were assessed. More types of species were detected by Nanopore than Illumina, especially in viruses, fungus and mycobacterium. Illumina and Nanopore showed similar detectability in bacterium except for mycobacterium tuberculosis complex/nontuberculosis mycobacteria. Pathogenic infection was established or excluded in 53 of 66 patients. There was little difference in the coincidence rate between Illumina and Nanopore with the clinical diagnosis, but both were superior to the culture (57.81%, 59.38%, 25%, respectively). Compared with Illumina, the diagnostic area under the curve of Nanopore was higher in fungi, but lower in bacteria and Chlamydia psittaci. There was no statistically significant difference between Illumina and Nanopore in guiding drug treatment (56.1% vs. 50%, p=0.43), but both were superior to the culture (56.1% vs. 28.8%, p=0.01; 50% vs. 28.8%, p=0.01). Single inflammatory indicators could not be used to determine whether the patients with culture-negative BALF were established or excluded from infection. The species detected at 1 h and 4 h by Nanopore were consistent to some extent, and its turn-around time (TAT) was significantly shorter than Illumina (p<0.01). Illumina and Nanopore both have its own advantages in pathogenic diagnosis and play similar roles in infection diagnosis and guiding clinical treatment. Nanopore has a relatively short TAT, which may be promising in rapid etiological diagnosis of acute and critically ill patients.
Application of metagenomic next-generation sequencing in the diagnosis of pulmonary invasive fungal disease
Authors: Wang Chengtan , You Zhiqing , Fu Juanjuan , Chen Shuai , Bai Di , Zhao Hui , Song Pingping , Jia Xiuqin , Yuan Xiaoju , Xu Wenbin , Zhao Qigang , Pang Feng
Published: September 2022

Background

Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) is increasingly being used to detect pathogens directly from clinical specimens. However, the optimal application of mNGS and subsequent result interpretation can be challenging. In addition, studies reporting the use of mNGS for the diagnosis of invasive fungal infections (IFIs) are rare.

Objective

We critically evaluated the performance of mNGS in the diagnosis of pulmonary IFIs, by conducting a multicenter retrospective analysis. The methodological strengths of mNGS were recognized, and diagnostic cutoffs were determined.

Methods

A total of 310 patients with suspected pulmonary IFIs were included in this study. Conventional microbiological tests (CMTs) and mNGS were performed in parallel on the same set of samples. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to evaluate the performance of the logarithm of reads per kilobase per million mapped reads [lg(RPKM)], and read counts were used to predict true-positive pathogens.

Result

The majority of the selected patients (86.5%) were immunocompromised. Twenty species of fungi were detected by mNGS, which was more than was achieved with standard culture methods. Peripheral blood lymphocyte and monocyte counts, as well as serum albumin levels, were significantly negatively correlated with fungal infection. In contrast, C-reactive protein and procalcitonin levels showed a significant positive correlation with fungal infection. ROC curves showed that mNGS [and especially lg(RPKM)] was superior to CMTs in its diagnostic performance. The area under the ROC curve value obtained for lg(RPKM) in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of patients with suspected pulmonary IFIs, used to predict true-positive pathogens, was 0.967, and the cutoff value calculated from the Youden index was −5.44.

Conclusions

In this study, we have evaluated the performance of mNGS-specific indicators that can identify pathogens in patients with IFIs more accurately and rapidly than CMTs, which will have important clinical implications.
Phenotypic adaptation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to host-associated stressors that induce persister formation
Authors: Parbhoo Trisha , Mouton Jacoba M. , Sampson Samantha L.
Published: September 2022

Mycobacterium tuberculosis exhibits a remarkable ability to interfere with the host antimicrobial response. The pathogen exploits elaborate strategies to cope with diverse host-induced stressors by modulating its metabolism and physiological state to prolong survival and promote persistence in host tissues. Elucidating the adaptive strategies that M. tuberculosis employs during infection to enhance persistence is crucial to understanding how varying physiological states may differentially drive disease progression for effective management of these populations. To improve our understanding of the phenotypic adaptation of M. tuberculosis, we review the adaptive strategies employed by M. tuberculosis to sense and coordinate a physiological response following exposure to various host-associated stressors. We further highlight the use of animal models that can be exploited to replicate and investigate different aspects of the human response to infection, to elucidate the impact of the host environment and bacterial adaptive strategies contributing to the recalcitrance of infection.