bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Brazilein Increased Cytotoxic Activity of Doxorubicin on MCF-7/DOX Cells
Authors: Laksmiani Ni Putu Linda , Susidarti Ratna Asmah , Meiyanto Edy
Published: January 2018

Brazilein is a compound obtained in a large amount from the dried heartwood of Secang (Caesalpinia sappan L.). Brazilein has strong cytotoxic effect in several cancer cell lines. This research was designed to evaluate the cytotoxic effect of brazilein and its combination with a chemotherapy agent, doxorubicin on MCF-7/DOX breast cancer cells. In the cytotoxicity assay, MCF-7/DOX cells were cultured in the presence of brazilein solely and in combination with doxorubicin for 24 hours and cell viability was evaluated by using MTT assay. MTT assay showed a dose-dependent inhibition of cell proliferation with IC50 value of 37 µM. Brazilein increased doxorubicin’s cytotoxic activity on MCF-7/DOX cells. Both of single treatment with different concentration of brazilein 12.5 and 25 mM or doxorubicin 0.8 and 1 mM gave cell viability percentage above 80%, but combination of them led to decrease the cell viability percentage significantly. Based on this research, it can be concluded that brazilein is potential to be developed as a co-chemotherapy agent on breast cancer cell that have been resistant to doxorubicin. Futher study must be held to evaluate its molecular mechanism.Keywords : brazilein, doxorubicin, MCF-7/DOX, cytotoxic.
SMEDDS of Citrus hystrix ethanolic extract improves cardiac and hepar histopathology profile on doxorubicin-induced rats
Authors: Novitasari Dhania , Tirtanirmala Prisnu , Wulandari Nindi , Wikanthi Layung Sekar Sih , Safitri Ade , Sasmito Ediati
Published: January 2018

Citrus hystrix D.C. (kaffir lime) peel contains several flavonoids including rutin, naringenin, hesperidin. C. hystrix peel ethanolic extract (ChEE) has shown its potency as cardioprotector agent in chemotherapy. However, there  are  limitations  to  the  utilization  of  ChEE due to its  poor  water  solubility  and  low  oral bioavailability.  Accordingly,  self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS) formulations were developed to improve the oral absorption of flavonoids. Tween 80, Corn oil, and propylene glicol (5:1:1ml) were combined to form ChEE-SMEDDS. The present study is to evaluated ChEE-SMEDDS for their physicochemical  properties and in vivo using combination with doxorubicin to see blood serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), nitrit oxide (NO) activity and also cardio-hepato-histopathology of female Sprague Dawley rats. The results showed that ChEE-SMEDDS repaired cardio-hepato-histopathology profile of doxorubicin -induced rats, but did not reduce serum activity of NO, ALT and AST. These  results indicated that ChEE-SMEDDS has potency to be developed and improved as cardio-hepato-protector agent in chemotherapy.Keywords: Citrus hystrix D.C., SMEDDS, Cardio-hepatoprotector, Histopathology, Chemoterapy
Ethanolic Extract of Hedyotis corymbosa and Its Combination with 5-FU Inhibit Cyclin D Expression on WiDr Colorectal Cancer Cell
Authors: Meiftasari Argandita , W.P. Januar Caesar , Novarina Annisa , W. Julika Yovi , Jenie Riris Istighfari
Published: January 2018

Hedyotis corymbosa has been used for long time as an important component in several folklore medicine formula to clinically treat various types of cancer, including colorectal cancer (CRC). Previously, Hedyotis corymbosa ethanolic extract (HEE) which contain ursolic acid reported to inhibit CRC growth via induction of cancer cell apop­tosis and blocked the cell cycle, preventing G1 to S progression where cyclin D highly espressed in this phase. 5-fluorouracil (5FU), the first line chemotherapy of colorectal cancer have had resistence and possessed several side effects such as neutropenia, immunosuppression, diarrhea, and also constipation. Therefore, the aim of this research is to conduct the antiproliferative effect and molecular analysis of HEE and its combination with 5FU. Molecular docking study was also done to approach the specific protein target of the compound. Antiproliferative effect was conducted by MTT assay, while cyclin D expression  was examined by immunofluorescence. The proliferative effect showed that both HEE and 5-FU had cytotoxic effect with IC50 value of 65 µg/mL and 90 µM respectively, meanwhile the combination of HEE and 5FU have synergism effect with CI = 0.48 on dose HEE = 22 µg/mL and 5FU= 6.25 µM. Immunofluorescence assay showed HEE and its combination with 5FU suppressed the expression of cyclin D. From molecular docking simulation, ursolic acid performed stable interaction with cyclin D. Our findings suggest that HEE may be an effective treat­ment for co-chemotherapic for 5-FU through inhibition of cyclin D expression.Keywords : Hedyotis corymbosa, 5-fluorouracil, colorectal cancer,  WiDr, cyclin D
Antigenotoxicity Activity of Papaya (Carica papaya L.) Leaf Ethanolic Extract on Swiss Mice Induced Cyclophosphamide through Mammalian In Vivo Micronucleus Test
Authors: Shabrina Bani Adlina , Juansa Juang , Putri Nindya Budiana , Utomo Rohmad Yudi , Murwanti Retno
Published: January 2018

Cyclophosphamide (CPA) is an effective chemotherapeutic agent, but has side effect, causing DNA damage (genotoxic). Papaya leaf (Carica papaya L.) is known has flavonoid compound, quercetin. Quercetin is known has DNA protecting effect (antigenotoxic effect) by metabolism modulation. Thus, the aim of this research is to investigate the antigenotoxic effect of ethanolic extract of papaya (Carica papaya L.) leaf (EEPL) on CPA induced mice. The antigenotoxic effect was evaluated by mammalian in vivo micronucleus test. EEPL was orally administered as single treatment at dose 1000 mg/kgBW and in combination with CPA 50 mg/kgBW at dose 250 mg/kgBW; 500 mg/kgBW; and 1000 mg/kgBW. Molecular docking using PLANTS on CYP 3A4 was performed to explore the antigenotoxic effect mechanism. The three different combination dose of EEPL with CPA significantly (P<0.05) decreased the amount of micronucleated polychromatic erytrhocyte (MNPCE)/1000 polychromatic erythrocyte (PCE) and also increased % PCE/(PCE+normochromatic erythrocyte (NCE)), compared with single dose of CPA. Nevertheless, the antigenotoxic effect wasn’t significant compared with each combination dose. The docking score result showed quercetin (-82,41) has more potent interaction to CYP 3A4 than cyclophosphamide (-70,16) and both of them has similar active site at amino acid residue Ile 369 and Thr 309. The results obtained indicated that EEPL at dose 250 mg/KgBB is the optimal dose as antigenotoxic agent by interaction between quercetin with CYP 3A4 based on molecular docking.Keywords: antigenotoxic, Carica papaya L., MNPCE, in vivo
Essential Oil of Javanese Turmeric (Curcuma xanthorrhiza, Roxb) Decrease Level of LDL-Cholesterol and Body Weight In Rats
Authors: Darmawan Endang , Pramono Suwijiyo
Published: January 2018

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of the essential oil of Javanese turmeric (Curcuma xanthorrhiza, Roxb) on level of low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) and body weight in rats. The groups were induced by high fat diet for 30 days to produce hyperlipidemia. The rats were treated with essential oil 25 mg/kgBW and simvastatin 25 kg/kgBW for 30 days. The LDL-C and body weight were measured on day one before treatment, and on day thirthy of the treatment. The results showed that the essential oil decreased the level of LDL-C and body weight in rats.Keywords: Javanese turmeric, Curcuma xanthorrhiza, essential oil, lipoprotein, simvastatin
Anti-Aging Activity Of Cucurbita moschata Ethanolic Extract Towards NIH3T3 Fibroblast Cells Induced By Doxorubicin
Authors: Muntafiah Laeli , Shabrina Bani Adlina , Sulistyowati Dwi , Asshagab Murah Riski Novi , Jenie Riris Istighfari
Published: January 2018

Degenerative disease caused by decreasing organ function in old people has become the biggest death cause in the world. This aging process marked by senescence activity. An anti-aging agent from the medicinal plant has high potency to be developed, such as pumpkin seed (Cucurbita moschata) which contain tocopherol as antioxidant. The aim of this study is to investigate the anti-aging effect of pumpkin seed extract (PSE) on NIH 3T3 fibroblast normal cell induced by doxorubicin. This anti-aging effect was observed using MTT assay continued by SA- βgal (Senescence-Associated Beta-Galactosidase) activity detection test. The stability of  molecular interaction between tocopherol and doxorubicin to CYP 3A4 as the oxidase enzyme was conducted using molecular docking. Based on in vitro test, PSE is not cytotoxic to NIH 3T3. PSE at the dose of 100,200,400, and 800 μg/mL decreased % cell senescence by 2,77; 4,5; 6; and 18 times respectively. Meanwhile, in silico test indicated that tocopherol (-107,409) has a higher interaction to CYP 3A4 compared to doxorubicin (-70,52). Both compounds have a similar binding site in Leu 364; Phe 435; Pro 434; Cys 442; Ile 369; Thr 309; dan Ala 305. The overall result of this study showed that PSE has anti-aging effect by decreasing SA- βgal activity. This anti-aging activity possibly due to the interaction between tocopherol to CYP 3A4 based on molecular docking.Keywords: anti-aging, Cucurbita moschata, tocopherol, SA-βgal, molecular docking
Heartwood of Secang (CAESALPINIA SAPPAN L.) Ethanolic Extract Show Selective Cytotoxic Activities on T47D and Widr Cells But Not on Hela Cells
Authors: Rivanti Erlina , Shabrina Bani Adlina , Nurzijah Ika , Ayu Cyndwika , Hermawan Adam
Published: January 2018

The present study investigate the selectivity of heartwood of secang ethanolic extract (SEE) on T47D breast cancer cells, WiDr colon cancer cells, and HeLa cervical cancer cells, compared to Vero normal epithelial cells. The cytotoxic effect was evaluated by using MTT assay  with 24-hour treatment to get IC50values. Selectivity was evaluated by using selectivity index (SI). SEE had a potent cytotoxic activity on T47D and WiDr cancer cells (IC50 <100 µg/ml). IC50 value of HeLa cancer cells was observed on moderate cytotoxic (100 <IC50 <1000 µg/ml). SEE demonstrated more selective to T47D and WiDr than Vero cells (SI > 3), while in HeLa cells is not selective (SI < 3). This result indicating its potential of Caesalpinia sappan as a chemopreventive agent in cancer therapy.Keywords: Cancer, selectivity, Secang, T47D, WiDr, HeLa, Vero
Effect of Basil Leaves (Ocimum sanctum L.) Infusion as Hepatoprotective Agent Induced by Paracetamol
Authors: Yuliani Ni Nyoman , Sambara Jefrin , Hilaria Maria , Harlinda Harlinda
Published: January 2018

Indonesia has  biodiversity potential to be developed as medicinal plants, such as basil leaves (Ocimum sanctum L.). Basil was reported to have a very high antioxidant activity in vitro. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of basil leaves (Ocimum sanctum L.) infusion to liver based Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) and Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) value in each dose. 18 rats were divided into 6 groups.,  control group,  negative control group treated with CMC Na 0.5%,  positive control group treated with Curcuma 3.6 mg / 200gBB, groups of 4-6 consecutive given a 80 mg  dose infusion basil / 200 gBB, 160 mg / 200 gBB, 320 mg / 200 gBB for 8 consecutive days, on the day of the 4th and 8th all treatment groups induced by toxic doses of paracetamol (500 mg / 200 gBB) except the normal control group 1, The research data in the form of enzyme activity of AST and ALT were analyzed using parametric and nonparametric ANOVA, and Friedman test with the level of trust  then followed by SNK test and Bnj test. The statistical test result with a 95% of level of trust that shown basil infuse with a dose of 80mg / 200gBB, 160mg / 200gBB, 320mg / 200gBB have hepatoprotective effects in rats induced by paracetamol 500mg / 200gBB. Based on the result of changes in average levels of AST on the fourth day and the eighth day of the three treatment infusion, infusion at a dose of 160 mg / 200gBB most effectively reduce average levels of AST and a group that has the average AST closest to the control group is positive, but infusion at a dose of 320mg / 200gBB the group that has the closest average ALT positive control group.Keywords : hepatoprotective, Ocimum sanctum L, Paracetamol
Cytotoxic and Antimetastasis Effect of Ethyl Acetate Fraction from Caesalpinia sappan L. on MCF-7/HER2 Cells
Authors: Jenie Riris Istighfari , Handayani Sri , Susidarti Ratna Asmah , Udin Zalinar , Meiyanto Edy
Published: January 2018

Overexpression of HER2 in breast cancer cell is found on invasive breast cancer and correlated with worse prognosis. Caesalpinia sappan L shows cytotoxic activity on various cancer cells. The goal of this research is to determine the cytotoxic activity and inhibition of migration and invasion of ethyl acetate fraction of Caesalpinia sappan L. (FEA) on HER2 overexpression-breast cancer cells (MCF-7/HER2). The MTT and flow cytometry assay showed that FEA revealed cytotoxic effect in a dose-dependent manner (IC50= 34 ± 3.1 µg/ml) and induced apoptosis, S and G2/M phase accumulation. Wound healing assay, gelatin zymography and immunoblotting assay showed that FEA inhibited migration and suppressed MMP2, MMP9, HER2 and Rac1 protein level. Thus, ethyl acetate fraction of Caesalpinia sappan L. is potential to be developed on future research especially to treat metastatic breast cancer with HER2 overexpression.Keywords: Ethyl acetate fraction of Caesalpinia sappan L, cytotoxic effect, migration and invasion, MCF-7/HER2 cells
Phaleria macrocarpa Fruit Extract Inhibits NF-ĸB Activation and Apoptosis Induction on HeLa Cells
Authors: Zulharini S. Meirizky , Miranda Amalia , Permatasari Lina , Fadliyah Hilyatul , Jenie Riris Istighfari
Published: January 2018

NF-κB is a transcription factor and if activated, it induces apoptosis inhibition. Phalerin from Phaleria macrocarpa fruits expected to inhibit NF-κB activation. This research is to investigate anticancer mechanism of Phaleria macrocarpa fruits extracts (EBMD) in NF-κB pathway. Molecular docking assay was performed to determine phalerin affinity to IKK. Cytotoxic activity was observed by MTT assay. Double staining was performed to determine the apoptotic cells. Docking score of phalerin to IKK is -60. The IC50 value of EBMD is 629 μg/mL. Apoptosis profile shows (shown that) many cells undergoing apoptosis after treatment. Thus, EBMD potentially inhibits activation of NF-κB pathway and triggers apoptosis on HeLa cells.Keywords : NF-κB, Phaleria macrocarpa, sel HeLa, Bcl-2, IKK, molecular docking
Anti-Breast Cancer Potency of Multistage Extraction from Jamur Dewa (Agaricus blazei Murill) Solvents on MCF-7 Cells
Authors: Misgiati Misgiati , Sukardiman Sukardiman , Widyawaruyanti Aty
Published: January 2018

ABM (Agaricus blazei Murill) is a basidiomycetes fungus. ABM is used by people for the treatment of diabetes, antihypertention, anticholesterol, anticancer, and immunostimulant. ABM contains terpene, steroids, agaritine, vitamin C, vitamin E, and betaglucane. In this research, ABM extract was tested as an anti-breast cancer in vitro using MCF-7 breast cancer cells. The extract was obtained from the multistage extraction process of several solvents in turn, the solvent used, among others, n-hexane, dichloromethane (DCM), chloroform, ethyl acetate, butanol, and water. The results of the research were the obtained IC50 value from n-hexane extract 247,17 μg /ml; extract DCM 227μg/ml ; chloroform extract 215,64 μg /ml ; extract of ethyl acetate 234,9 μg/ml ; butanol extract 500,78 μg/ml; while the water extract was inactive. Based on these results can be considered for further research to fractionate in order to know which class compounds have the potency as anticancer within the extracts.Key words : Agaricus blazei, multistage extraction, MCF-7 cells.
Geschichte als Dispositionsspielraum? – Pädagogische Lehrbücher und Schriften für die Ausbildung von Primarlehrpersonen im Kanton Zürich, 1900-1950
Authors: Hoffmann Andreas , De Vincenti Andrea , Grube Norbert
Published: January 2018

Abstract: Th is paper focuses on the use of history and historical fi gures within the scope of pedagogy and didactics in teacher education, especially in textbooks and writings of teacher educators. In the analyzed texts, the present time is often diagnosed to be decadent whereas the past is imagined as a golden age. Historical fi gures and references to history were used as a pool of eternal truths which were credited with the ability to point the way to a better future. An eclectic choice of historical aspects usually was merged with modern scientifi c fi ndings into scientifi c text formats. Th e scientifi c aspect itself as well as dignity and ability to provide guidance ascribed to the historical fi gures conferred legitimation and authority to the texts produced by the teacher educators.Keywords: teacher training, history, pedagogical textbooks, classical authors, community, critique of schools, school reforms.
State of the literature on the economic impacts of climate change in the United States
Authors: Neumann James E. , Strzepek Kenneth
Published: January 2018

This paper discusses the current literature on impacts and adaptation costs at the sectoral level. The focus is primarily the US, but includes examples on international applications that highlight key differences or other relevant demonstrations of method and data use. The paper provides an overall framework that addresses the components of economic impacts, including definitions of impacts, adaptation costs, and residual damages. The paper then focuses on understanding the current breadth and depth of the literature that exists to characterize what we know about economic sectors studied in the recent literature (agriculture, coastal resources, water resources, infrastructure, health, crime, energy, labor productivity, and ecosystems), how the methodologies differ, what the gaps and challenges are, and offers a sense of the impacts at the US national level. A new generation of impact studies, including the U.S. EPA’s ongoing Climate Impacts and Risk Analysis (CIRA) project; the new Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) AR5 Working Group II report; the U.S. National Climate Assessment; and the Risky Business Project led by the Next Generation Foundation, provide the motivation for this review. These efforts, taken together, have advanced the state of US economic impact assessment work along two critical frontiers, both of which support benefit-cost analyses of climate change: assessment of the risk and economic consequences of extreme climatic events; and assessment of ecosystem effects. Yet, the latest work also highlights gaps in the lack of comprehensive sectoral coverage; more complete incorporation of adaptation opportunities in impact assessment; and critical cross- and multi-sectoral effects that remain poorly understood.
Embedding (some) benefit-cost concepts into decision support processes with deep uncertainty
Authors: Lempert Robert J.
Published: January 2018

Benefit-cost analysis (BCA) aims to help people make better decisions. But BCA does not always serve this role as well as intended. In particular, BCA’s aim of aggregating all attributes of concern to decision makers into a single, best-estimate metric can conflict with the differing world views and values that may be an inherent characteristic of many climate-related decisions. This paper argues that new approaches exist that can help reduce the tension between the benefits of providing useful, scientifically based information to decision makers and the costs of aggregating uncertainty and differing values into single best estimates. Enabled by new information technology, these approaches can summarize decision-relevant information in new ways. Viewed in this light, many limitations of BCA lie not in the approach itself, but with the way it is used. In particular, this paper will argue that the problem lies in a process that begins by first assigning agreed-upon values to all the relevant inputs and then using BCA to rank the desirability of alternative decision options. In contrast, BCA can be used as part of a process that begins by acknowledging a wide range of ethical and epistemological views, examines which combinations of views are most important in affecting the ranking among proposed decision options, and uses this information to identify and seek consensus on actions that are robust over a wide range of such views.
Load-Power Relationship During a Countermovement Jump: A Joint Level Analysis
Authors: Williams Kym J. , Chapman Dale W. , Phillips Elissa J. , Ball Nick B.
Published: January 2018

Williams, KJ, Chapman, DW, Phillips, EJ, and Ball, N. Load-power relationship during a countermovement jump: A joint level analysis. J Strength Cond Res 32(4): 955–961, 2018—This study aimed to investigate whether hip, knee, and ankle peak power is influenced by the relative load lifted, altering the joint and system load-power relationship during a countermovement jump (CMJ). Twenty-three male national representative athletes (age: 20.3 ± 3.1 years, squat 1 repetition maximum [1RM]: 133.8 ± 24.8 kg) completed 3 CMJs at relative barbell loads of 0, 10, 20, 30, and 40% of an athlete's estimated back squat 1RM. Ground reaction force and joint kinematics were captured using a 16 camera motion capture array integrated with 2 in-ground triaxial force plates. Hip (

JOURNAL/jscr/04.03/00124278-201804000-00009/inline-formula1/v/2023-08-19T002751Z/r/image-tiff

= 20%, range 0 > 40%), knee (

JOURNAL/jscr/04.03/00124278-201804000-00009/inline-formula2/v/2023-08-19T002751Z/r/image-tiff

= 0%, 0 > 20%), and ankle (

JOURNAL/jscr/04.03/00124278-201804000-00009/inline-formula3/v/2023-08-19T002751Z/r/image-tiff

= 40%, 0 > 40%) peak power was maximized at different percentages of absolute strength, with an athlete-dependent variation in load-power profiles observed across all lower-body joints. A decrease in system (body + barbell mass) peak power was significantly (p ≤ 0.05, r = 0.45) correlated with a reduction in knee peak power. Timing of instantaneous system and hip peak power occurred significantly closer to toe-off as load increased. The findings highlight that the generation and translation of lower-body joint power is influenced by external load and athlete-dependent traits. This subsequently alters the load-power profile at a system level, explaining the broad spectrums of loads reported to optimize system power during a CMJ. When training, we recommend that a combination of barbell loads based on assorted percentages of the estimated 1RM be prescribed to optimize joint and system power during a CMJ.
Sox2 Is Essential for Oligodendroglial Proliferation and Differentiation during Postnatal Brain Myelination and CNS Remyelination
Authors: Zhang Sheng , Zhu Xiaoqing , Gui Xuehong , Croteau Christopher , Song Lanying , Xu Jie , Wang Aijun , Bannerman Peter , Guo Fuzheng
Published: January 2018

In the CNS, myelination and remyelination depend on the successful progression and maturation of oligodendroglial lineage cells, including proliferation and differentiation of oligodendroglial progenitor cells (OPCs). Previous studies have reported that Sox2 transiently regulates oligodendrocyte (OL) differentiation in the embryonic and perinatal spinal cord and appears dispensable for myelination in the postnatal spinal cord. However, the role of Sox2 in OL development in the brain has yet to be defined. We now report that Sox2 is an essential positive regulator of developmental myelination in the postnatal murine brain of both sexes. Stage-specific paradigms of genetic disruption demonstrated that Sox2 regulated brain myelination by coordinating upstream OPC population supply and downstream OL differentiation. Transcriptomic analyses further supported a crucial role of Sox2 in brain developmental myelination. Consistently, oligodendroglial Sox2-deficient mice developed severe tremors and ataxia, typical phenotypes indicative of hypomyelination, and displayed severe impairment of motor function and prominent deficits of brain OL differentiation and myelination persisting into the later CNS developmental stages. We also found that Sox2 was required for efficient OPC proliferation and expansion and OL regeneration during remyelination in the adult brain and spinal cord. Together, our genetic evidence reveals an essential role of Sox2 in brain myelination and CNS remyelination, and suggests that manipulation of Sox2 and/or Sox2-mediated downstream pathways may be therapeutic in promoting CNS myelin repair.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTPromoting myelin formation and repair has translational significance in treating myelin-related neurological disorders, such as periventricular leukomalacia and multiple sclerosis in which brain developmental myelin formation and myelin repair are severely affected, respectively. In this report, analyses of a series of genetic conditional knock-out systems targeting different oligodendrocyte stages reveal a previously unappreciated role of Sox2 in coordinating upstream proliferation and downstream differentiation of oligodendroglial lineage cells in the mouse brain during developmental myelination and CNS remyelination. Our study points to the potential of manipulating Sox2 and its downstream pathways to promote oligodendrocyte regeneration and CNS myelin repair.
Las reproducciones provisionales de obras protegidas en el ámbito digital. Especial referencia a las generadas durante el intercambio de archivos através de redes P2P. Segunda parte.
Authors: Iglesias Posse Rubén
Published: January 2018

Una vez explicado en la primera parte de este trabajo qué son las reproducciones provisionales; el tratamiento que reciben en nuestra legislación; qué es la tecnología P2P y cuáles son los principales tipos de aplicaciones de intercambio de archivos existentes, en esta segunda y última parte procederemos al análisis de las reproducciones técnicas, efímeras o intermedias, de las copias RAM y caché, así como a la valoración jurídica de su producción, tanto en general como en el caso particular de su producción durante actos de intercambio vía redes P2P.
Corrupción pública y globalización. Una mirada a la regulación del tráfico de influencias en los instrumentos internacionales anti-corrupción
Authors: Vázquez-Portomeñe Seijas Fernando
Published: January 2018

El tráfico de influencias forma parte de los principales modelos de análisis y clasificaciones de las formas de corrupción. En él se evidencia el relativismo de la propia idea de corrupción, al abarcar, junto a la figura jurídico-penal conocida como venta de influencias, otras manifestaciones asociadas a fenómenos de nepotismo, amiguismo o competencia desleal y que se sitúan, mayoritariamente, en el ámbito de lo socialmente aceptable. El presente trabajo se dirige al análisis de las disposiciones previstas en los instrumentos internacionales anti-corrupción en esta materia. A partir de dicho análisis se formulan recomendaciones con vistas a la tipificación o modificación del delito en los sistemas penales nacionales y se presentan algunos de los desafíos que plantean las figuras del lobbying y la llamada influencia política institucionalizada.
Il contratto turistico sportivo
Authors: Cimmino Maria
Published: January 2018

Negli ultimi tempi si è assistito alla diffusione di una particolare forma di interrelazione tra sport e turismo rappresentata dal cosiddetto “Turismo Sportivo”, espressione con la quale si vuole designare l’associazione dell’esperienza sportiva al viaggio, solitamente motivato dall’interesse allo svago, al divertimento all’occupazione del tempo libero e al miglioramento del benessere psicofisico.  Sul piano della tutela diritti della personalità,  esiste un minimo comune denominatore, una trade union fra sport e turismo, costituito dal godimentod el tempo libero. Se si guarda alla regolamentazione dei rapporti contrattuali che hanno la loro giustificazione causale nello spostamento e nel viaggio, si scorge un’ulteriore rilevanza del tempo libero  che si esprime nel particolare collegamento tra sport e turismo. Alla luce della giurisprudenza italiana formatasi in tema di causa in concreto del contratto, detto legame, sebbene non esplicitato in un tipo contrattuale a se stante, porta l’interprete a riflettere sulla figura che potremmo definire del contratto turistico- sportivo.Obiettivo del presente lavoro, in tal senso, è verificare, dal punto di vista della tipologia dei servizi offerti, quanto la presenza tra le varie prestazioni acquistate dal viaggiatore di un servizio turistico possa incidere sull’attuazione del rapporto contrattualee  sui conensis strumenti di tutela dellos protivo della vacanza, anche in relazione alla professionalità dei terzi prestatori di servizi.
Liberalismo, democracia y periodismo como elementos de la modernización / Liberalism, democracy and journalism as components of modernization
Authors: Márquez Domínguez Carmelo
Published: January 2018

Un ensayo que cabalga por la historia de tres elementos fundamentales, como son: el periodismo, la democracia y el liberalismo. En este camino, se aborda una revisión histórica a partir de las revoluciones burguesas de fines del XVIII, para llegar a las principales y preocupantes características de sujeto del XXI, pasando por un siglo XIX de transición y por el XX, en el que todo lo que pudo ocurrir, ocurrió; el definitivo, pues sirvió para catapultar la realidad social, cultural, política y económica actuales. El propósito es ahondar en los análisis teóricos existentes en torno a la democracia y al periodismo y discernir lo que sobreviene ahora –y en el futuro– con el apoyo de lo que aconteció, encajando espacios y tiempos. De ahí las grandes voces de los gurús del periodismo por gritar cómo está cambiando el ciudadano.
Az albumin prognosztikai jelentősége az onkológiában
Authors: Deme Dániel , Telekes András
Published: January 2018

Abstract:

Diminished serum albumin level can be observed in inflammatory processes. Serum albumin level also reduces – irrespective of the presence of malnutrition – in locally advanced or metastatic malignancies. Low serum albumin level may have an influence also on the results of anticancer therapy (e.g., drug pharmacokinetics, adverse drug reactions). Extensive data of the literature and empirical experience prove the better prognosis of patients involved in nutritional therapy. Based on the most relevent data of the literature, the authors summarize the studies which have revealed the close correlation between the baseline serum albumin level and the prognosis of malignant diseases. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(3): 96–106.
A kiégésszindróma vizsgálata a Szegedi Tudományegyetem, Sürgősségi Betegellátó Önálló Osztály dolgozóinak körében
Authors: Hompoth Emőke Adrienn , Töreki Annamária , Pető Zoltán
Published: January 2018

Abstract:

Introduction: Burnout has been described as a growing problem amongst healthcare workers. Emergency department staffs experience the burden of stress day by day, yet only a few studies have examined their burnout. Aim: In this study we wanted to investigate the burnout and its relations to other variables amongst the employees of the Department of Emergency Medicine in Szeged. Method: Cross-sectional design utilizing a self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data from the staff of the Department. Burnout was measured using the Maslach Burnout Inventory. Results: Burnout is considerably prevalent among the workers of the Emergency Department, especially nurses and physicians. The study found negative relation between burnout and age, number of children, number of years in the healthcare system, number of physical symptoms, social support and psychological immune system. Being single was a risk factor. Conclusions: The risks and protective factors found to be associated with burnout in this study might help to set up institutional prevention and intervention strategies. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(3): 113–118.
Az interatrialis blokk és klinikai jelentősége. Egy EKG-entitás reneszánsza
Authors: Tomcsányi János
Published: January 2018

Abstract:

Interatrial block involves conduction delay between the right and left atria during sinus rhythm. The review describes the classification, pathomechanism and clinical significance of this under-recognised ECG sign, nominated Bayés syndrome. The presented ECGs help to recognise the differentypes of interatrial blocks. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(3): 91–95.
Az autoimmun encephalitisek laboratóriumi vizsgálati lehetőségei
Authors: Böröcz Katalin , Hayden Zsófia , Mészáros Viktória , Csizmadia Zsuzsanna , Farkas Kornélia , Kellermayer Zoltán , Balogh Péter , Nagy Ferenc , Berki Tímea
Published: January 2018

Abstract:

Introduction: The role of autoimmune responses against central nervous system (CNS) antigens in encephalitis presenting with non-classified neurologic or psychiatric symptoms has been appreciated in the past decade. Paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis has a poor prognosis and is most commonly associated with lung, ovarium, and testicular neoplasms, leading to immune reactions against intracellular antigens (anti-Hu/ANNA1, anti-Ri/ANNA2, anti-CV2/CRMP5 and anti-Ma2/Ta). In contrast, the recently described autoimmune encephalitis subtypes present with a broad spectrum of symptoms, respond to autoimmune therapies well and usually associate with autoantibodies against neuronal cell surface receptors (NMDAR, GABABR, AMPAR) or synaptic proteins (LGI1, CASPR2). Aim: Our aim is to bring to awareness the increasing number of autoimmune encephalitis patients requiring neurologic, psychiatric and intensive care and to emphasize the significance of detecting various autoantibodies in diagnosing patients. Method: In the past 6 years, our laboratory received 836 autoimmune encephalitis diagnostic test requests from a total of 717 patients. Serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples were analysed with indirect immunofluorescence using a BIOCHIP consisting of cell lines transfected with 6 different receptor proteins. Results: IgG autoantibodies against receptor proteins were present in 7.5% of patients. The frequency of positive samples was the following: NMDAR > LGI1 > GABABR > CASPR2. Conclusion: Detecting autoantibodies facilitates the diagnosis of autoimmune encephalitis in an early stage. Patients diagnosed early can be effectively treated with plasmapheresis and immunosuppressive drugs. The efficiency of therapies can be monitored by autoantibody detection. Therefore, the diagnostic immune laboratory plays an important role in proper diagnosis and in the prevention of rapidly progressing symptoms. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(3): 107–112.
Use of an automated feedback application to improve communication skills
Authors: Cham Kwang Meng , Lek Jia Jia , Lim Jeremiah K. H. , Cochrane Anthea L.
Published: January 2018

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. Effective communication skills are a professional competency, yet are often overlooked during training. Providing immediate and constructive feedback is imperative to assist students in developing better communication skills. We sought to evaluate the educational value of using a university-developed application, Rapid Feedback, to provide feedback following students' oral presentations over two years.An online survey comprising of eight 5-point Likert scale items and one open-ended question was conducted in 114 (response rate = 86.5%) students. Students either strongly agreed or agreed that the feedback delivered was timely (98%), relevant (96%), high quality (90%), and specific to enhance their learning (87%). The feedback obtained has helped to identify strengths and weaknesses (87%). Students commented that feedback received will improve their communication skills (90%). The report was also shown to supplement verbal feedback (95%). Overall, students expressed that the feedback report was valuable, allowing for critical self-reflection and future retention. Staff have also found the application easy to use and administer.In a time- and resource-constrained teaching environment, educators constantly explore technology to support student learning and teaching outcomes. We have implemented an application that is user-friendly to staff, efficient, and has provided effective feedback that is well-received and valued by students.
The MFHR1 Fusion Protein Is a Novel Synthetic Multitarget Complement Inhibitor with Therapeutic Potential
Authors: Michelfelder Stefan , Fischer Friedericke , Wäldin Astrid , Hörle Kim V. , Pohl Martin , Parsons Juliana , Reski Ralf , Decker Eva L. , Zipfel Peter F. , Skerka Christine , Häffner Karsten
Published: January 2018

The complement system is essential for host defense, but uncontrolled complement system activation leads to severe, mostly renal pathologies, such as atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome or C3 glomerulopathy. Here, we investigated a novel combinational approach to modulate complement activation by targeting C3 and the terminal pathway simultaneously. The synthetic fusion protein MFHR1 links the regulatory domains of complement factor H (FH) with the C5 convertase/C5b-9 inhibitory fragment of the FH-related protein 1. In vitro, MFHR1 showed cofactor and decay acceleration activity and inhibited C5 convertase activation and C5b-9 assembly, which prevented C3b deposition and reduced C3a/C5a and C5b-9 generation. Furthermore, this fusion protein showed the ability to escape deregulation by FH-related proteins and form multimeric complexes with increased inhibitory activity. In addition to substantially inhibiting alternative and classic pathway activation, MFHR1 blocked hemolysis mediated by serum from a patient with aHUS expressing truncated FH. In FH−/− mice, MFHR1 administration augmented serum C3 levels, reduced abnormal glomerular C3 deposition, and ameliorated C3 glomerulopathy. Taking the unique design of MFHR1 into account, we suggest that the combination of proximal and terminal cascade inhibition together with the ability to form multimeric complexes explain the strong inhibitory capacity of MFHR1, which offers a novel basis for complement therapeutics.
Oropharyngeal cancer mortality according to the human development index in the Metropolitan Region of Chile, 2002-2014.
Authors:   Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Andrés Bello. Santiago, chile., Livacic Vicente , Grez José Tomás ,   Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Andrés Bello. Santiago, chile., Candia Jorge ,   Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Andrés Bello. Santiago, chile., Fernandez Alejandra ,   Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Andrés Bello. Santiago, chile.
Published: January 2018

To determine mortality rates for oropharyngeal cancer according to the Human Development Index (HDI) per district in the Metropolitan Region (RM), Santiago, Chile, between 2002 and 2014. Materials and Methods: An ecological study was carried out. The sample corresponded to individuals over 45 years, from the Metropolitan Region, with oropharyngeal cancer as cause of death, as registered in the Chilean National Institute of Statistics (INE). The HDI was classified into three categories: “medium” (8 districts), “high” (18 districts) and “very high” (25 districts). The crude and adjusted mortality rates were calculated for each year and period. Results: The oropharyngeal cancer adjusted mortality rate for the chosen period was 3.98 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants. The specific mortality rate from oropharyngeal cancer in the “medium” HDI category was 4.01; in the “high” DHI category, 4.42; and in the “very high” HDI category, 3.79. Conclusion: Mortality from oropharyngeal cancer was higher in the “medium” HDI category between 2002 and 2014.
Colony PCR (DreamTaq) with Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 and gel electrophoresis v1
Authors: Dietsch Maximilian , D Miriam
Published: January 2018

In this protocol, the extraction of template DNA out of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 samples, the PCR of the template and the application on a agarosegel are described. The protocol was handed over by Maximilian Dietsch MSc.
Up-regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 contributes to sevoflurane preconditioning mediated cardioprotection v1
Authors: Yao Yusheng
Published: January 2018

Male adult Sprague–Dawley rats, weighing 270–300 g, obtained from the Animal Center of the Fujian Medical University, were anesthetized with intraperitoneal sodium pentobarbital (50 mg/kg). After intravenous injection of heparinized (50 IU) the hearts were quickly excised and fixed on a Langendorff apparatus (Radnoti, Monrovia, CA, USA) and perfused with 37°C Krebs–Henseleit buffer (KHB) at constant pressure (75 mmHg). After equilibrated with KHB for 15 min, isolated hearts were randomly divided into five groups: 1. Sham group: hearts subjected to 195-min perfusion without I/R injury; 2. I/R group: hearts received 30- min ischemia followed by 120-min reperfusion; 3. SPC group: 2.5% sevoflurane preconditioning was gived for 15 min followed by 15-min washout before ischemia; 4. SPC+MF1 group: combined application of MF1(ImClone, Somerville, NJ, USA), rat anti-VEGFR-1 monoclonal antibody,10 μmol/L and 2.5% sevoflurane preconditioning for 15 min followed by 15-min washout before ischemia; 5. SPC+PIGF group: combined application of PIGF(Abcom, Cambridge, United Kingdom)10 μmol/L and 2.5% sevoflurane preconditioning for 15 min followed by 15-min washout before ischemia. To implement sevoflurane preconditioning, the KHB was pre-equilibrated with sevoflurane under a separate reservoir with a Vapor 2000 (Dräger Medical AG & Co., Lübeck, Germany) using an air bubbler.
Protocol to accompany paper entitled "Interactions among genes involved in reverse cholesterol transport and in the response to environmental factors in dyslipidemia in subjects from the Xinjiang rural area" v1
Authors: Wang Xinping , Guo Heng , Li Yu , Wang Haixia , He Jia , Mu Lati , Hu Yunhua , Ma Jiaolong , Yan Yizhong , Li Shugang , Ding Yusong , Zhang Mei , Niu Qiang , Liu Jiaming , Zhang Jingyu , Ma Rulin , Guo Shuxia , Wang Xinping , Guo Heng , Li Yu , Wang Haixia , He Jia , Mu Lati , Hu Yunhua , Ma Jiaolong , Yan Yizhong , Li Shugang , Ding Yusong , Zhang Mei , Niu Qiang , Liu Jiaming , Zhang Jingyu , Ma Rulin , Guo Shuxia
Published: January 2018

This is a SNP Genotyping protocol
Recipe for standard BG-11 media v1
Authors: Behle Anna
Published: January 2018

Stanier RY, Deruelles J, Rippka R, Herdman M, Waterbury JB: Generic Assignments, Strain Histories and Properties of Pure Cultures of Cyanobacteria. Microbiology 1979, 111:1–61. Recipes for standard and alternative BG11 for culturing freshwater cyanobacteria, such asSynechocystis sp. PCC 6803, as described. Media is usually not suitable for marine cyanobacteria.
7-Substituted pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines for the synthesis of new 1-deazapyrimido[1,2,3-cd]purines
Authors: Muzychka Lyubov , Yaremchuk Iryna , Yaremchuk Iryna , Smolii Oleg
Published: January 2018

Few examples of new heterocyclic 1-deazapyrimido[1,2,3-cd]purine derivatives were synthesized by intramolecular cyclization of methyl 7-(oxiran-2-ylmethyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine-6-carboxylates. The latter were obtained by iodolactonization of 7-allylpyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine-6-carboxylic acids.
Study of Calixarene Complexation with Biologically Active
Authors: Kalchenko Olga , Cherenok Sergiy , Suikov Sergiy , Vitaly Kalchenko Vitaly Kalchenko
Published: January 2018

Host-Guest complexation of octakis(diphenoxyphosphoryloxy)tetramethylcalix[4]resorcinarene CRA and 5,17-bis-(N-tolyliminomethyl)-25,27-dipropoxycalix[4]arene CA with bio relevant aromatic, pyridine and diterpenoid carboxylic acids in water-organic solution had been studied by the RP HPLC and molecular modelling methods. The stability constants KA (387-1914 М-1) of the supramolecular complexes had been determined. It was shown the Host-Guest interactions are depended on structure of the Host molecules and log P values of the Guests. The complexation is determined by the hydrogen bonds of the COOH group of the carboxylic acids with P=O oxygen atom of diphenoxyphosphoryl group of the calixresorcinarene CRA, and oxygen or nitrogen atoms located on the lower or the upper rim of the calixarene CA.
Формирование экономической культуры старшеклассников в регионе посредством реализации практикума «Учебное предприятие»
Authors: Гайрбеков Магомед Сайдахматович
Published: January 2018

В статье описывается поэтапное формирование экономической культуры старшеклассников в общеобразовательной школе. Первый этап включает в себя выбор экспериментальной площадки, опрос учащихся от 14 лет и их родителей о желании участвовать в деятельности коммерческой организации, на базе которой будет проходить практикум «Учебное предприятие», и проведение входного контроля сформированности экономической культуры. На втором этапе учреждается общество с ограниченной ответственностью и происходит формирование групп от 14 лет, которые будут задействованы в производственном процессе, в процессе реализации продукции и учета доходов и расходов, в процессе снабжения сырьем и материалами и хранения товарно-материальных ценностей, а также в управлении. Третий этап начинается с реорганизации общества с ограниченной ответственностью «Учебное предприятие» в непубличное акционерное общество «Школьная корпорация». Четвертый этап характеризуется организацией выходного контроля и анализом полученных данных.
Использование методов управления энергосбережением и повышением энергоэффективности в условиях инновационного развития экономики
Authors: Мельник Александр Николаевич , Ермолаев Кирилл Андреевич
Published: January 2018

Для исследования методов управления энергосбережением и повышением энергоэффективности разработана их классификация по иерархическому и функциональному признакам. В результате проведенного анализа выявлены ограничения, сдерживающие процессы создания, внедрения и коммерциализации энергоэффективных инноваций в отечественной экономике.
Обоснована необходимость адаптации существующих управленческих подходов в сфере энергосбережения и повышения энергоэффективности к условиям инновационного развития экономики.
Сформулированы направления проведения дальнейших исследований при интеграции процессов управления энергосбережением и повышением энергоэффективности и процессов управления инновационной деятельностью в рамках единого контура управления на различных уровнях экономики. Полученные результаты могут быть положены в основу совершенствования методического обеспечения процессов управления энергосбережением и повышением энергоэффективности в условиях инновационного развития отечественной экономики.
Информационные технологии и новые подходы к разработке современных инструментов маркетинговых исследований
Authors: Шатдинов Раис Сагирович , Богданова Светлана Юрьевна
Published: January 2018

В статье авторы анализируют одно из самых активно развивающихся направлений развития информационного обеспечения бизнеса – систему искусственного интеллекта. Обосновывается необходимость в разработке новых критериев, обеспечивающих оценку перспективы развития экономической деятельности; а также необходимость трансформации традиционных моделей маркетинговых исследований в цифровую модель, основанную на продвинутой аналитике, искусственном интеллекте и технологиях. Определены направления развития прогнозирующих систем, разрабатывающих рекомендации на основе данных, характеризующих ситуацию, состояние анализируемого или разрабатываемого экономического объекта.
Статья будет полезна предпринимательским структурам, менеджерам высшего и среднего звена, исследователям и ученым в области экономики и информационных технологий.