bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Systematic Literature Review untuk Identifikasi Metode Evaluasi Website Layanan Pendidikan di Indonesia
Authors: Sutanto Nur Hamid , Utami Ema , Rismayani Rismayani
Published: April 2022

Website menjadi suatu kebutuhan utama dari lembaga, instansi, atau perusahaan baik yang berorientasi pada profit maupun non-profit. Salah satunya adalah penyelenggaran Pendidikan tinggi di Indonesia. Website yang menjadi suatu alternatif dan solusi dalam penyampaian profil saat awal kehadirannya, berkembang menjadi pusat layanan yang mampu menjembatani perubahan dari layanan langsung melalui tatap muka berubah menjadi layanan berbasis platform yang dapat dilakukan secara online. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi metode untuk mengevaluasi dan mengukur kualitas website layanan Pendidikan dari penilaian kepuasan penggunanya. Metode Systematic Literature Review (SLR) digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Peneliti menggunakan metode SLR untuk melakukan identifikasi, mengkaji, dan mengevaluasi penelitian yang ada dengan bidang topik yang fokus dan menarik, dengan menyajikan pertanyaan penelitian yang relevan. Dengan menggunakan Metode SLR peneliti dapat melakukan review dan identifikasi terhadap jurnal secara sistematis, dengan mengikuti langkah-langkah yang telah ditentukan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa evaluasi pengukuran implementasi layanan sistem informasi berbasis website pendidikan adalah menggunakan metode webqual 4,0 yang berfokus pada pengukuran kepuasan dari penilaian pengguna berdasarkan pada tiga aspek area yaitu usability (kemudahan pengguna), information quality (kualitas informasi), dan service interaction quality (interaksi layanan) sehingga dapat menghasilkan rekomendasi pengembangan dan perbaikan dalam melakukan evaluasi dan pengembangan serta perbaikan terkait penggunaan website layanan pendidikan.
COMPARISON OF FREQUENTLY USED RISK SCORING SYSTEMS IN PATIENTS WHICH WAS PERFORMED OPEN HEART SURGERY BY THE COUNCIL DECISION AND DETERMINING THE MOST SUITABLE RISK SCORING SYSTEM FOR OUR PATIENT POPULATION
Authors: ALTAYLI Gökay , TUYGUN Abdullah Kemal
Published: April 2022

Objective: In this study, we compared the Türkskor risk scoring system, which we have used for many years in our clinic, with other risk scoring systems.

Methods: A retrospective review of 267 patients we presented to the council before open heart surgery was performed in the Cardiovascular Surgery Clinic of Dr Siyami Ersek Training and Research Hospital in 2013-2014. The efficiency of Türkskor, standard EuroSCORE, logistics EuroSCORE and EuroSCORE II, calculated with the preoperative parameters of the patients, in predicting the actual mortality was compared with the ROC analysis.

Results: When the whole patient population was evaluated, the mean Türkscore value was 6.05±3.46, the mean standard EuroSCORE value was 6.09±2.85, the mean logistic EuroSCORE value was 7.72±7.81, and the mean EuroSCORE II value was 3.75±5.49. The total mortality was 44 (44/267 %16,5). The efficiencies of Türkskor, Standard, logistic EuroSCORE and EuroSCORE II in determining mortality in all patient groups were compared with the ROC curve. With these results, the area under the curve was AUC: 0.729 %95 CI: 0.640-0.817 for Türkskor, AUC: 0.710 %95 CI: 0.618-0.803 for Standard EuroSCORE , AUC: 0.715 %95 CI: 0.623-0.807 for Logistic EuroSCORE and AUC:0.730 95% CI: 0.639-0.822 for EuroSCORE 2 were calculated . When compared in all risk groups, Türkskor, Standard EuroSCORE, logistic Euroscore Euroscore II were found to be similar in predicting mortality (p>0.05).

Conclusions: Türkskor, Standard EuroSCORE, logistics EuroSCORE and EuroSCORE II are similarly successful in predicting mortality for all patient groups.
Review on Computational Models for Prostate Segmentation from Ultrasound Medical Images
Authors:   Department of Computer Applications, K.S.Rangasamy College of Arts and Science, Tiruchengode., J Ramesh , K Thangavel ,   Prof. and Head, Department of Computer Science, Periyar University, Salem., R Manavalan ,   Department of Computer Science, Arignar Anna Government Arts College, Villupuram.
Published: April 2022

Department of Computer Science, Arignar Anna Government Arts College, Villupuram.
SELECTED ISSUES IN THE FIELD OF CIVIL SECURITY PROCEEDINGS
Authors: Śladkowski Mariusz
Published: April 2022

The difficult situation faced by the global economy over the last few years means that among all the institutions of civil procedure, enforcement and security proceedings are becoming more and more popular. The latter is one of the forms of temporary legal protection, the purpose of which is to prevent a situation that hinders or even prevents the creditor from enforcing a final decision by issuing a decision granting security, ensuring the creditor’s execution of a court decision that will be made in the future and strictly determines the performance due to him. What is particularly important, contrary to popular belief, this procedure is not part of the enforcement proceedings, but only a means to increase its speed and efficiency. They should therefore be classified as independent civil proceedings ancillary to exploratory proceedings. The doctrine correctly notes that, despite its ancillary nature, this procedure is characterized by both functional and structural independence. The former is expressed in the distinctiveness of the function of the security procedure, which consists in granting legal protection of a provisional (provisional) nature. The second is reflected in the fact that the security proceedings, although often conducted in the context of exploratory proceedings, are proceedings which are completely separate from them.
ANALYSIS OF THE PROCEDURAL STATUS OF A PERSON PROVIDING PAID WORK UNDER A CIVIL LAW CONTRACT IN EMPLOYMENT LAW CASES
Authors: Łaguna Łukasz
Published: April 2022

The amendment of the Trade Union Act by the Act of 5 July 2018 amending the Trade Union Act and certain other acts (Journal of Laws, item 1608), which entered into force on 1 January 2019, redefined the essence of collective labour law. Pursuant to the aforementioned amendment, the legislator introduced into the legal system the institution of a “ person who performs paid work”, which includes both an employee within the meaning of Article 2 of the Labour Code and a person providing work for remuneration on a basis other than employment relationship (so-called non-employee). The analysis of the introduced provisions leads to the conclusion that the legislator focused on providing non-employees with substantive legal rights, such as, among others, the right of union coalition. However, in my opinion, the legislator neglected analogous scrupulosity in the area of procedural rights of non-employees, which led to a situation in which non-employees are partially entitled to the same substantive rights as employees, but do not have analogous procedural rights. In my view, this constitutes a flagrant omission on the part of the legislator which, as a consequence, leads to legal uncertainty and a lack of effectiveness of the protection introduced for non-employees.
Evaluation of Mutation in Spike Gene of Covid-19 in Iranian Patients
Authors: Gholami Mohammad , Hosseini Rouzbahani Negin , Naghoosi Hamed , Fani-Kheshti Sajad , Hosseini-Shokouh Seyyed-Javad
Published: April 2022

: SARS-COV- 2, originated at Wuhan (China), has spread rapidly worldwide. Mutant variants have been identified in various countries. In this study, samples of 18 Covid-19 cases in the third wave and 25 in the fourth wave of the epidemic in Iran were collected and sequenced using the Sanger method. The results showed different mutations in the third and fourth waves of the epidemic. In the fourth wave, dominant mutations were E484K, D614G, and S519F, which were previously observed in another country. This study showed that the SARS-CoV-2 genome is constantly going under changes, and evaluating and monitoring mutations in the virus genome is necessary to control and eradicate the disease.
The Viewpoint’s Assessment of Physicians About Radiology Reports of Medical Imaging Unit in Kermanshah
Authors: Abbasi Azizi Sogand , Tohidnia Mohammad-Rasoul , Khanzadeh Moghaddam Ali , Zhaleh Mohsen
Published: April 2022

Background: Radiology reports are the data obtained from radiography films which as the final and one of the main criteria of service in medical imaging centers, are the only linkage between the radiologist, physicians, and patients. This method is also a usual approach in the transfer of diagnostic data to the physicians. Methods: In this descriptive-cross sectional study, the research community included specialists working in public and private centers of Kermanshah province. A questionnaire including two sections of demographic data (age, sex, specialty, work experience, workplace and level of education) and the questions related to the role of the radiologist and necessary of report providing, quality of reports, radiographic film interpretation ability and attention to request content and in- time delivery of the reports, was investigated. The data were finally analyzed by STATA 11 software. Results: In this study, the opinions of 240 specialists from 14 specialties were examined. Among them, 64.2% were men, 92.2% of them were specialists, 45.5% were working in public centers and 42.5% of them had less than 10 years of work experience. The results showed that 63.3% of the physicians trusted radiologic reports for more than 50%. Among the scopes, the highest score was for the role of the radiologist in preparation of reports, and the lowest mean was obtained for the ability to interpret the radiological film. A comparison of the four scopes with assumed means showed no significant differences (P = 0.001). Conclusions: Regarding the percentage of total attitude score, the studied specialists had a relatively desirable attitude toward the radiological reports. The complexity of medical imaging techniques and their role in in-time disease diagnosis and treatment requires improvement of the relationship between the radiologists and non-radiologists physicians.
COVID-19 Crisis, Herbal Medicines, and Natural Products - Concerns and Suggestions
Authors: Zarei Seyed Mohammad , Heydari Mohsen Reza
Published: April 2022

: Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic in the last days of 2019 in China, medical experts and organizations worldwide have proposed guidelines for its prevention and treatment. However, despite the availability of state-of-the-art technologies, modern medicine specialists have so far not been successful in controlling it. This has led traditional medicine experts to propagate their knowledge to prevent and cure COVID-19, creating an open debate. According to scientific literature, traditional medicine experts claim beneficial effects of herbal medicines against viral infections and their effectiveness in controlling the symptoms of respiratory disorders. Modern medicine specialists express their concerns about the quality, safety, and efficacy of herbal medicines, in addition to the risk of herb-drug interactions and the lack of randomized clinical studies. Herbal medicines have been popular since prehistoric times, and during the COVID-19 pandemic, they are increasingly used worldwide. The lack of definite cure and the high cost of available modern medicines have also promoted the use of herbal medicines. An evidence-based approach using herbal medicines with proven antiviral activities or containing compounds providing symptomatic relief in COVID-19 can be considered for clinical studies. The interaction of herbal medicines with modern drugs should also be considered in patients taking them. Traditional and modern medicine aim to provide effective and safe treatment and prevent COVID-19 infection. Considering the ground realities of the COVID-19 crisis and keeping in view the worldwide use of herbal medicines, in our opinion, the pros and cons of their use should be carefully weighed, and practical solutions should be considered.
Understanding the Role of Motives and Preferences of Social Networking Sites with Mental Health and Academic Performance Among Medical Students Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Firdos Saba , Amanullah Md , Yusoff Muhamad Saiful Bahri
Published: April 2022

Background: Globally, social networking sites are substantially used for indulgence, content, and interaction. Despite this, the worst impact of prolonged use of social networking sites has been associated with physical, mental, and long-term well-being. Its impact on medical students is a significant concern for many medical schools and administrators as users differ in purpose, preferences, and perceived usefulness. Objectives: This study aimed to examine the association of social networking sites’ preferences and motives with medical students’ mental well-being and academic performance. Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted on 167 medical students of King Faisal University for three months, from October 2020 to December 2020. Participant’s information related to demographics, usage of social networking sites, mental well-being, and academic grades were collected through online questionnaires with valid measures. Results: Data analyses were performed using SPSS version 21. Almost all medical students were browsing social networking sites daily (98.2%). The most frequently visited sites were WhatsApp (97.6%), followed by YouTube (86.8%), and Instagram (77.8%). It was revealed that 3rd-year students were significantly using Facebook, mainly for fun. Besides, significantly better mental well-being was reported among females’ incentives to use social networking sites to keep in touch with family, friends, and relatives. It was also found that females were significantly more of being Instagram users and Snapchat users than males and observed significantly more having excellent academic grades than males. Conclusions: Our study suggests that students were motivated to connect with social networking sites for their various preferences or needs influenced by their beliefs, attitude, and plans.
Survey of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Female High School Students Regarding Sun Protection in Birjand, Iran
Authors: Taheri Fatemeh , Salehpour Maryam , Taheri Ahmad Reza
Published: April 2022

Background: Excessive sun exposure in childhood and adolescence is an important factor in skin cancer. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the knowledge, attitude, and practice of female high school students in Birjand, Iran, regarding sun protection behaviors and investigate the effect of various environmental and demographic factors. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed on female high school students in Birjand within October to January 2018 using the stratified cluster random sampling method. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire containing various items related to knowledge, attitude, and practice, the validity of which was confirmed. Information was also obtained on the geographical location of the school, field of study, grade, grade point average, and parents’ educational level. The data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 22) based on descriptive-analytical analyses. Results: Out of a total of 576 students, 26.7%, 89.1%, and 53.6% had good knowledge, attitude, and practice of skin protection against ultraviolet rays. The practice scores of southern and western school students with better socioeconomic status were higher than in other geographic regions (P < 0.001). The students in experimental sciences had higher knowledge (P = 0.01), and students in humanities had a higher attitude (P = 0.03) and practice (P = 0.007) than the other two disciplines. The third-grade students scored higher on knowledge (P < 0.001). The students whose mothers had university education scored higher in knowledge, attitude, and practice. Moreover, those whose fathers had a university education scored higher in practice. Knowledge and attitude had a significant relationship with practice; attitude had a higher coefficient. Conclusions: Practice can be improved by increasing the levels of knowledge and attitude. The educational level of the parents, especially mothers, is very important in this regard.
La relación tiempo-eternidad en el libro un décimo de las "Confesiones’ de san Agustín
Authors: Powter Alejandro ,   Order of Augustinian Recollects
Published: April 2022

This article proposes an interpretation of the 'time-eternity' relationship as exposed in Book XI of St. Augustine's Confessions, with the intention of searching for a circumvention of the dichotomy between objective and subjective time'. The key to this interpretation is the analysis of the terms distentio, attentio and intentio, which allows us to relate the 'chronologic and kairologic' dimensions of time, symbol of eternity.
Con la cabeza en el cielo, pero con los pies firmes en la tierra. La predicación de san Agustín en el día de la Ascensión
Authors: van Reisen Hans , Beumer Nico ,   Order of Augustinian Recollects
Published: April 2022

The article studies the Augustine's sermons on the Ascention Day, underlining the meaning that the forty days have for Augustine, the relationship between the apostles and the rest of the Christians, what the Ascention communicates, the meaning of the Ascention for the spiritual life for the Christians and finally the importance of putting our eyes always in Christ.
Juliano y la hondonada de Ansanto
Authors: Nazzaro Antonio V. , Eguiarte Enrique A. ,   Order of Augustinian Recollects
Published: April 2022

The article deals with the pagan sources where the Valley of Ansanto is mentioned, especially the works of Vergil, and also other cultural and literary references, since this Valley is explicitly mentioned by Julian of Eclanum in his controversy with Augustine (cf. c. lul. imp. 1,48). It presents also the references of Marius Mercator.
Reorienting “Settled Identities”: Rethinking a Course on Jewish-Christian Relations
Authors: Boys Mary C. , Schwartz Shuly Rubin
Published: April 2022

This article is a retrospective description and analysis of a course on Jewish-Christian relations offered jointly to students of Jewish Theological Seminary and Union Theological Seminary by a faculty member from each institution. The initial section lays out the fundamental contours of the course in 2020, with greater detail provided on the initial sections. The second explores areas in need of further refinement; a final section explores the potential of integrating threshold concepts, a way of opening new perspectives on topics, and proposes several such concepts that might guide future iterations of the course.
Pathophysiology and classification of intracranial and spinal dural AVF
Authors: Sim Sook Young
Published: April 2022

Dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVFs) are pathologic shunts between pachymeningeal arteries and dural venous channel. DAVFs are relatively rare, however, DAVFs can lead to significant morbidity and mortality due to intracranial hemorrhage and non-hemorrhagic neurologic deterioration related to leptomeningeal venous drainage. The etiology and pathophysiology of DAVFs is not fully understood. Several hypotheses for development of DAVF and classifications for predicting risk of hemorrhage and neurological deficit have been proposed to help clinical decision making according to its natural history. Herein, incidence, etiology, pathophysiology of development of intracranial and spinal DAVF including their classifications are briefly described with short historical review.
Polaritons in low-dimensional materials and their coupling characteristics
Authors: Ma Sai-Qun , Deng Ao-Lin , Lü Bo-Sai , Hu Cheng , Shi Zhi-Wen ,   Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control, School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
Published: April 2022

Polaritons, i.e. new collective modes formed by the strong coupling between light and electrons, phonons, excitons, or magnons in matter, have recently received extensive attention. Polaritons in low-dimensional materials exhibit strong spatial confinement, high quality factor, and gate-tunability. Typical examples include gate-tunable graphene surface plasmon polaritons, high-quality hyperbolic phonon polaritons in hexagonal boron nitride, topological phonon polaritons in α-MoO3, and one-dimensional Luttinger-liquid plasmon polaritons in carbon nanotubes. These unique properties make polaritons an excellent candidate for future nano-photonics devices. Further, these polaritons can significantly interact with each other, resulting in a variety of polariton-polariton coupling phenomena, greatly expanding their applications. In this review paper, we first introduce scanning near-field optical microscopy, i.e. the technique used to probe polaritons in low-dimensional materials, then give a brief introduction to the basic properties of polaritons. Next, we discuss in detail the coupling behavior between various polaritons. Finally, potential applications of polaritons coupling are proposed.
Influence factors and laws of laser active illumination uniformity
Authors: Luo Wen , Zhang Fei-Zhou , Zhang Jian-Zhu ,   Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100094, China,   Institute of Fluid Physics, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China,   Graduate School of China Academy of Engineering Physics, Beijing 100088, China
Published: April 2022

Active illumination with narrow spectrum laser based on ladderlike phase modulator (LPM), is an effective method to improve the illumination uniformity. Laser spectrum style, lens number of LPM, and lens thickness error of LPM are three significant factors influencing the illumination uniformity in engineering. The laws of the three factors with scintillation indexes are analyzed through numerical simulation. The results indicate that the laser spectrum style is not an important factor, and the spatial scintillation index of uniformity, Gauss, Lorenz style narrow spectrum laser are 0.27, 0.28, and 0.28 respectively. The scintillation indexes decrease gradually with the lens number of LPM increasing. The spatial scintillation index increases from 0.266 to 0.271, when the lens thickness error of LPM is –0.6 mm. Therefore, several ideas are proposed: when this method is used in the engineering project, some attention should be paid to laser spectrum style, the lens number of LPM should be optimized by considering the laser spectrum width and scintillation index synchronously, and the negative error of optical lens thickness gradient of LPM should be controlled attentively.
Anaesthetic Management and Literature Review of Syndromic Craniosynostosis in Infants-A Case Series
Authors: Sinha Smriti , Kadni Reena R , Chakravarthy Joel , Zachariah Varghesek
Published: April 2022

Craniosynostosis is a rare congenital defect. This group of patients is heterogeneous, presenting as a single suture defect in otherwise well child to Syndromic Craniosynostosis (SC) affecting multiple sutures as cranial defect associated with extracranial defects. Syndromic Craniosynostosis is found to be associated with Apert, Crouzon, Pfeiffer, Muenke and Saethre-Chotzen syndrome. These cases are generally associated with raised Intracranial Pressure (ICP), difficult airway and congenital multiple organ involvement. The case series describes the successful anaesthetic management of three and half-month-old male infant with Crouzon syndrome presented with raised ICP and difficult airway, planned for third ventriculostomy and seven-month-old male infant with Apert syndrome with syndactyly for correction surgery. A literature review about anaesthetic concerns related to SC is also described. The literature search was performed in the PubMed database with terms SC and anaesthetic management.
Histopathological and Clinical Evaluation of Non Neoplastic Intestinal Lesions: A Cross-sectional Prospective Study in a Quaternary Care Centre, Gujarat, India
Authors: Jagrit Nanda Nikunj , Shah Rajul R , Modi Dhara J , Desai Killol Nathubhai
Published: April 2022

Introduction: Small and large intestines are major portion of gastrointestinal tract. So many benign, malignant and congenital disorders arise from there. Benign causes, mainly include inflammatory and infectious disorders. Colon is the most common site for gastrointestinal neoplasia in western populations. Aim: To find out the pattern, frequency and site of non neoplastic lesions affecting intestine with intention that clinicians of this region can be responsive of its incidence. Materials and Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was done at a quaternary care centre from June 2017-October 2019. Total 150 cases were studied, out of those 125 were benign and 25 were malignant cases. Patients of all ages were included with sign and symptoms of intestinal lesions. Results: Majority of specimens were bowel resection 130 (86.7%) and remaining were endoscopic biopsy 20 (13.3%). Majority of lesions were inflammatory lesions (73.34%) followed by malignant lesions (16.66%). Congenital and benign lesions were less common (6% and 4%). Non neoplastic lesions 125 (83.33%) were more common than neoplastic lesions 25 (16.67%). 65.33% lesions were in small intestine and cecum and 34.67% were in colon and rectum. Non specific inflammation was most common type (47.90%). Hirsprung’s Disease and Ulcerative Colitis lesions were least common (1.69% and 3.36%) in present study. examination of specimens which are associated with clinical data helps to reach at definite goal and can improve quality of life of the patient.
Sources of Technical Guidance Utilized by Orange Growers for Production and Marketing of Oranges
Authors: Ghadge R. M. , Bhople P. P.
Published: April 2022

The fast changing agricultural technology demands for more technical information to be transmitted to the orange growers. The technical guidance enhances orange growers ability to get more information about recent agricultural technology or innovation which is helpful to improve their working efficiency. The utilization of proper sources of technical guidance is helpful to enhance productivity and profit in orange cultivation. Hence this study was carried out in order to investigate the use of sources for technical guidance by the orange growers to obtain the information about production and marketing of oranges. The present investigation was carried out in Amravati and Nagpur district (Vidarbha region) of Maharashtra. A sample of 240 orange growers constituted for the research study. The present study revealed that nearly half (47.50 %) of the orange growers were having medium level utilization of sources of technical guidance. Majority of orange growers uses agriculture input dealer, progressive farmers, neighbours, friends, agriculture assistant and Television as a major source of technical guidance. The present study indicates the need to focus on these sources of technical guidance for rapid spread of required technical information regarding production and marketing of oranges.
Heavy Metals Concentration and Arthropod Population in Some Selected Dumpsites from Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria
Authors: Sam–Uket N. O. , Bate G. B.
Published: April 2022

The aim of this research is to investigate the influence of refuse dumping on arthropods population and heavy metals concentration in Calabar Cross River state, Nigeria. Soil, and arthropod samples were collected from Lemna, Nassarawa, University of Calabar female hostel and Goldie market dumpsites which were labeled S1, S2, S3, and S4, respectively while same samples were picked from a plot of land labeled PC as a control. Arthropods were identified using light microscope and identification guide while heavy metals Cd, Pb, Cr, Ni, Co, As and Hg were analysed in soil and arthropods using Atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). The results obtained showed 8363 arthropod individuals consisting of 19 species dominated by Muscidae (flies) family which constitutes about 20.39% whose presence indicates high level of pollution of the dumpsite and a possible health implication on people living around the dumpsites because these organisms are vectors for diseases such as yellow fever, malaria, Heavycholera and typhoid fever. Cadmium was the highest occurring heavy metal in dumpsites soil with a concentration of 1.457±0.493 mg/kg in S4 while As was the lowest with a concentration of 0.001 ± 0.000 mg/kg in S1 and Hg was below detection limit in all dumpsites. In arthropods, Cd had the highest occurrence with a concentration of 0.020 ± 0.001 mg/kg in S4 while Pb in S2 and Co in S1 with concentration of 0.001 ± 0.000 each were the lowest occurring metals. Heavy metals concentration in soil and arthropods from the dumpsites was higher than that of the control which shows the influences of refuse dumping and strong (> 5) positive correlation between mean metal concentrations in soil and arthropods suggests that these arthropods can be used as bio-indicators of heavy metals contamination and accumulation. It is therefore recommended that wastes be segregated and proper disposal methods should be adopted.
Molecular Detection of Virulence genes (rmpA2, iuc & iroB) of Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae in Clinical Isolates from Patients in Khartoum State, Sudan
Authors: Monem Mohammed Khansaa Abdel , Abdalla Ali Elhag Sara , Tag Elser Sed Ahmed Sara , Taher Gorish Babbiker Mohammed , Osman Noorelhuda Mohammed Salma , Ismail Yahia Abdelmula Waha , Mohammed Nour Yosria Mohammed Elsiddig , Ali Zroog Susan , H. Ali Abdelhakam
Published: April 2022

Background: Iron acquisition systems and regulator mucoid phenotype plays an important role in the pathogenesis and virulence of Klebsiella pneumoniae. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the prevalence of virulence genes iuc, iroB and rmpA2 of hypervirulent Klebsiella  pneumoniae (hykp) in clinical isolates from patients in Khartoum.

Methods: A total of 400 samples were collected from 250 (62.5%) males and 150 (37.5%) females. All samples were cultivated in agar plates to determine the presence of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates.  These isolates were screened for hypermucoviscosity phenotypically by string test. Antibiotic susceptibility tests were performed for all isolates to identify their resistance pattern, iuc, rmpA2, iroB genes were investigated by polymerase chain reaction.

Results: Our results demonstrate that the majority of participants 150 (37.5%) are aged 31 – 40 years. Out of 400 samples cultivated, 313 (78.75%) were yield significant pathogenic growth of which 95 (23.75%) are K.pneumoniae isolates, and 220 (55.0%) are other pathogenic organisms while the rest of samples 87 (17.25%) were showed no pathogenic growth isolated. The frequency of iuc, iroB, rmpA2 were 74.7%, 57.9%, 2.1% respectively among the clinical isolates. String tests were positive among 30 (31.6%) isolates and the remaining 65 (68.4%) isolates gave negative results.

Conclusion: There was a high prevalence of  iuC virulence gene of hvkp, high frequency iron acquisition systems coding gene iuC gene, iroB gene compared to regulator mucoid phenotype A2 (rmpA2 gene) among clinical isolates.
A Preliminary Study of Serum Osteocalcin in Postmenopausal Women
Authors: Gurupadappa K. , Bhaktha Geetha , Prashanth S. , Manjula B. , Hemantha Kumara D. S.
Published: April 2022

Osteocalcin is a product of osteoblasts that is considered a marker of bone formation. However, osteocalcin is also released from the bone matrix into the blood during bone resorption, suggesting that osteocalcin is also a marker of bone turnover. Studies on this marker have shown both favoring and contradicting reports about different levels of osteocalcin and Alkaline Phosphate (ALP) among postmenopausal women.

Aim and Objective: To determine the diagnostic use of Osteocalcin and ALP in post-menopausal women and to evaluate the association of osteocalcin in postmenopausal women.

Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study with two groups of postmenopausal women. Group I of 10 subjects within first 5 yr after the onset of menopause and Group II of 8 subjects following 5yr or more after the onset of menopause. Serum uncarboxylated Osteocalcin, carboxylated Osteocalcin and ALP were estimated using the ELISA technique.

Results: The serum ALP, carboxylated Osteocalcin(C-OC), uncarboxylated Osteocalcin (Uc-OC) values were higher in post-menopausal < 5years than those in > 5 years. ALP values correlated positively with C-OC but negatively with PM more >5 years(r=0.159: r= -0.369)

Conclusion: Bone turnover gets higher as the years progress among the post-menopausal state which is reflected in ALP, Uc-OC and C-OC. More insight into this state is required to be studied with larger sample size.
Effect of Weed Management Practices on Nutrient Uptake and Removal in Transplanted Rice
Authors: Venkatesh B. , Parameswari Y. S. , Madhavi M. , Ram Prakash T.
Published: April 2022

Different pre and post emergence herbicides, herbicide mixtures along with hand weeding in transplanted rice were evaluated at PJTSAU, Rajendranagar during Kharif season of 2019 in a randomized block design with three replications. Higher nutrient uptake by grain and straw were recorded with application of flopyrauxifen-benzyl 2.7% + cyhalofop-butyl 10% EC 150 g ha -1(PoE) fb hand weeding at 40 DAT and lower nutrient removal by weeds were recorded with application of herbicide mixtures along with hand weeding  than single herbicide application followed by hand weeding. Where as in case of unweeded control lower nutrient uptake and higher nutrient removal by weeds over all the treatments.
Performance Evaluation and Correlation Coefficient Studies in Dek Tree
Authors: Ahlawat K. S. , Dhanda S. K. , Dhillon R. S. , Sirohi Chhavi , Dalal V. , Poonia P. , Kumari S.
Published: April 2022

Twenty five plus trees of dek were selected from agro-climatic regions of Haryana, Punjab and Uttrakhand. The plus trees were selected on the basis of the different characters of economic importance viz. straightness, clear bole height, self-pruning ability, acute branch angle etc. Among all the plus trees the maximum tree height was observed in MC21 (17.9 m) whereas, the minimum in MC3 (6.5 m). The girth at breast height (gbh) of the selected plus trees varied from 60.9 to 180.8 cm and clear bole height was recorded highest from MC-21 closely followed by MC-13. The correlation among morphological traits of selected plus trees exhibited that clear bole height had positive and highly significant association with the tree height (r = 0.941) closely followed by crown spread (N-S direction) (r = 0.910). At the age of six months, progeny from MC-18 showed maximum shoot length (98.59 cm) followed by MC-16 and MC- 17 progenies. However, the highest root length was observed in the progenies from MC12 (20.84 cm) closely followed by MC-22 (20.46 cm) and MC13 (20.06 cm) progenies. The highest collar diameter was observed in progeny MC17 (13.73 mm) and lowest in MC5 (4.89 mm). The significant variation in growth attributes of progenies of selected plus tees at juvenile stage may be exploited for subsequent breeding programme and establishment of seed orchard for production of quality planting material of this versatile tree species.
Effects of Long Run Rotary Tilling on Soil Structure and Maize (Zea mays L) Root Growth
Authors: Yadachi Shiddanagouda , Mani Indra , Ramesh Beerge
Published: April 2022

An experiment was conducted to examine the influence of soil aggregate size on maize root growth and development. The loamy soil samples resulted from different number of passes of rotary tilling experimental runs under the controlled soil bin were selected. The soil texture chosen in this study was sandy loam. The soil samples were obtained after the interval of 10 passes of rotary tilling (10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 passes) at moisture content of 10.28 % (w.b). Soil samples collected were kept for the pot experiment. The roots were analysed at 8DAE, 16DAE, and 24DAE for their early growth. Duncan’s multiple range tests for the effect of soil aggregate size on root growth showed the decrease in root growth in soil aggregates finer than 1.5 mm. The decline in root length considerable after 30 passes of rotary tilling (40 passes:74.32cm, 50passes:63.77cm, 60passes:46.63cm).The declined root growth in soil aggregates finer than 1.5mm  was attributed to continuous rotary tilling deteriorated the soil structure and hindered the root growth. The soil structure starts degrading with excessive application of rotavator and which in turn develops compacted soil layers in 20-30cm sub soil depth.
Pearl Millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.) Var ABV-04 as Influenced by Nitrogen & Phosphorus Effects on Growth Parameters and Yield
Authors: Sai Ganesh Mannepu Venkata , Singh Rajesh , Siva Nagi Reddy Vangala , Banu Manindhar Maddiboina
Published: April 2022

Background: Pearl millet can grow in a variety of environments. Pearl millet is a viable alternative to sorghum in areas where it cannot thrive. When it comes to soil moisture utilisation and heat tolerance, sorghum and maize cannot compete with pearl millet.

Objectives: Effects of nitrogen and phosphorus on growth parameters and yield of pearl millet

Methods: With the goal of studying the effect of nitrogen and phosphorus on growth and yield of Pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.) Var. ABV - 04 under a Randomized block design with 9 treatments (T1-T9) The experimental results revealed that 120 kg N/ha + 60 kg P/ha produced maximum plant height (214.37), plant dry weight (46.74) and yield parameters ear head length (20.77 cm), number of grains/ear head (1972.0), grain yield (2.68 t/ha), and stover yield (3.77).

Conclusion: The combination of 120 kg nitrogen/ha and 60 kg phosphorus/ha proved to be the most advantageous to farmers, resulting in 214.37-cm plant height, 46.74-gm plant dry weight, 1972 grains per ear head, and 2.68 ta grain and 3.26 ta stover yields, respectively.
Management of Lepidopteran Insect Pests through Entomopathogenic Nematodes: An Overview
Authors: Devi Gitanjali
Published: April 2022

Lepidopteran pest cause significant loss in quantity and quality of produced in many agricultural and horticultural crops. Therefore management strategies should aim to reduce their population below threshold level. Though chemical pesticides are recommended for controlling these insect pests, biocontrol agents are mostly recommended in IPM programme.The most important bio-control agent is the entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs). This review discusses the bioefficacy of some of important species of entomopathogenic nematodes against various lepidopteran insect pests.
Effect of Planting Cotton in Solid and Single-skip Row Configurations on Yield and Soil Water Use
Authors: Payero Jose O. , Singh Dhananjay
Published: April 2022

Australian growers plant crops using different skip row configurations to minimize production risk in water-limiting environments. Previous studies have focused on comparing the effect of row configuration on crop yield, and information on soil water is still lacking. The objective of this study was to compare the water use, soil water extraction, and yield of dryland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) planted using solid and single-skip row configurations. An experiment comparing two row configuration treatments (solid and single-skip) was conducted in a cotton field with heavy-clay soil in the sub-tropical climatic environment of Queensland, Australia, during 2007-2008. Water content in the soil profile was measured about weekly using the neutron probe method. Measurements were taken from three positions from the crop row: within a row (P1), between two rows (P2), and skip or planted row (P3). The soil water measurements indicated that, in general, the solid treatment tended to extract more water from shallower depths earlier in the growing season. The single-skip treatment resulted in taller plants, which extracted more water from deeper in the soil profile later in the season. For the entire season, however, both treatments used around the same amount of soil water (128 mm), suggesting that both treatments were water-limited and used all the water available to the crop. The 128 mm added to the seasonal rainfall of 271 mm allowed us to estimate the seasonal crop water use at about 399 mm, which was around half of the seasonal grass-reference evapotranspiration (ETo = 804 mm) for the site. The lint yield was statistically the same for both treatments, although the taller plants from the single-skip treatment tended to have a greater yield per plant (but not significantly different). The estimated water use efficiency (WUE) for the solid and single-skip configuration were 3.5 and 3.3 kg lint/ha/mm water use, respectively.
Research on the Influence of Foreign Direct Investment on Technological Innovation in Jiangsu Province
Authors: Yating Yan , Jifeng Zhang
Published: April 2022

Under the background of the in-depth development of economic globalization, Jiangsu province, as a big province of China's opening to the outside world, actively introduces foreign investment. The inflow of FDI not only promotes the economic development of Jiangsu province, but also can produce technology spillover effect, which has an important impact on the technological innovation of Jiangsu Province. Jiangsu has developed economy and should accelerate the improvement of its own innovation level in the rapid development of knowledge economy today. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to study the influence of FDI inflow on technological innovation in Jiangsu Province. In this paper, the relevant data of Jiangsu province from 2005 to 2018 are selected as variables. Through empirical analysis, it is found that the inflow of FDI plays a positive role in promoting technological innovation in Jiangsu Province. Finally, countermeasures and suggestions are put forward for how to rationally utilize FDI in Jiangsu province and improve the level of technological innovation.
Prevalence of Non-motor Clinical Features of Parkinson Disease in Pakistan
Authors: Moolchandani Jaiperkash , Moolchandani Geeta , Memon Shaima Sultana , Khalid Humera , Baloch Faisal Ali , Mughal Faizah
Published: April 2022

Aim: To highlight the frequency of non-motor clinical features in patients of Parkinson’s disease in Pakistan.

Study Design: Descriptive cross-sectional study

Place and Duration of Study: Study was conducted at the neurology ward of Jinnah postgraduate medical center, Karachi during August 2019 to February 2020.

Methodology:  The study participants were having age >50 years but <70 years and were diagnosed case of Parkinson's disease. Demographic data including; age, gender, residence, and duration of symptoms were collected on the preformed proforma. Depression was diagnosed by using ICD-10 while anxiety and sleep disturbance were diagnosed by using BAI and DSM-IV respectively. Data was entered into SPSS version 20.

Results: The mean ± SD of age of patients was 59.26 ± 5.95 years. The mean ± SD duration of symptoms among these patients was 2.67 ± 2.04 months while mean ± SD of MMSE (mini mental status examination) score was 24.29 ± 1.59. About two thirds (62.86%) of patients were of age 50-60 years. Male to female ratio was 1.69: 1. The main outcome variable of this study was frequency of non-motor clinical features of Parkinsonism, it was noted that depression was more prevalent with frequency of 54.3%, anxiety was 41.4% and insomnia was present in 32.9% patients of Parkinson’s disease.

Conclusion: There is a high frequency of non-motor clinical symptoms particularly depression, anxiety and insomnia among patients of Parkinson’s disease with frequency of 54.3%, 41.4% and 32.9% respectively.
A Review on Transdermal Drug Delivery Patches
Authors: Kumar R. Sanjai , Devi D. Akila , Raj N. Gokul , Deepa M.
Published: April 2022

Human civilizations have used substances to the skin as cosmetic and therapeutic agents for thousands of years. The skin, on the other hand, was not exploited as a drug delivery method until the twentieth century. The term “transdermal” was first used in 1944 by Merriam Webster, indicating that it is a relatively new notion in medicinal and pharmacological practice. Transdermal medicines are doses that are self-contained and distinct. To produce a systemic effect, drugs are delivered through the skin. Without causing any changes in the drug’s plasma concentration Topical application of medicinal medicines has a number of advantages. There are numerous advantages to this technique of drug delivery over traditional oral and invasive approaches. Also, ensure that the fluid is released in a regulated manner. A medication for a long amount of time. As a result, a variety of chemical and physical approaches to transdermal patch development are being investigated.
EXPERIÊNCIAS ETNOGRÁFICAS NA QUIMBANDA NORTE-MINEIRA:
Authors: Castanha Taisa Domiciano
Published: April 2022

O presente artigo tem como objetivo refletir sobre as experiências etnográficas que tive junto a uma comunidade religiosa de Quimbanda no norte de Minas Gerais. Desde o início de 2019 realizo trabalho de campo no Centro Espírita Estrela do Oriente, terreiro dirigido por dona Rosa e Pássaro Preto na cidade de Montes Claros. Duas questões irão conduzir o texto, as quais acredito que são impreteríveis quando se discute etnografia: a natureza da antropologia, disciplina em que a etnografia está situada; e a transformação do pesquisador, enquanto dimensão essencial no empreendimento etnográfico. Argumento que a noção de força e o telurismo das práticas religiosas possibilitam uma porta de entrada ao modo próprio como a Quimbanda coloca e resolve suas questões. Procurei seguir uma definição da antropologia como a busca de conceitos nativos para descrever o mundo por eles mobilizados, conforme apontado por Viveiros de Castro (2002). Ou seja, uma simetria entre discursos – do antropólogo e do nativo – “em busca de outros mundos possíveis”.
Overexpression of BcERF3 increases the biosynthesis of saikosaponins in Bupleurum chinense
Authors: Han Wenjing , Xu Jiao , Wan Hefang , Zhou Lei , Wu Bin , Gao Jianping , Guo Xinwei , Sui Chun , Wei Jianhe
Published: April 2022

Chaihu, the dried roots of some species of Bupleurum L., is a famous Chinese herbal medicine for treatment of liver‐ and cold‐related diseases, in which saikosaponins (SSs) are the major active compounds. Many of the genetic components upstream of SS biosynthetic pathways have been characterized; however, the regulatory mechanisms remain elusive. In this study we identified the APETALA2/Ethylene Responsive Factor family transcription factor gene BcERF3 from B. chinense. The expression of BcERF3 was induced in methyl‐jasmonate‐treated adventitious root of B. chinense; it was also expressed at higher levels in roots than in other tissues (stem, leaf, flower, and tender fruit of early fruiting plants). Transient expression of BcERF3 in the leaves of Nicotiana benthamiana resulted in intracellular localization of the protein in the nucleus. It was also demonstrated that the number of SSs was greater in BcERF3‐overexpressing hairy roots of B. chinense than in plants treated with empty vector controls. This coincided with upregulation of β‐AS, which encodes a key enzyme involved with triterpenoid biosynthesis. In conclusion, BcERF3 plays a positive regulatory role in the biosynthesis of SSs.
Viral and cellular translation during SARS‐CoV‐2 infection
Authors: Eriani Gilbert , Martin Franck
Published: April 2022

SARS‐CoV‐2 is a betacoronavirus that emerged in China in December 2019 and which is the causative agent of the Covid‐19 pandemic. This enveloped virus contains a large positive‐sense single‐stranded RNA genome. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the molecular mechanisms for the translation of both viral transcripts and cellular messenger RNAs. Non‐structural proteins are encoded by the genomic RNA and are produced in the early steps of infection. In contrast, the structural proteins are produced from subgenomic RNAs that are translated in the late phase of the infectious program. Non‐structural protein 1 (NSP1) is a key molecule that regulates both viral and cellular translation. In addition, NSP1 interferes with multiple steps of the interferon I pathway and thereby blocks host antiviral responses. Therefore, NSP1 is a drug target of choice for the development of antiviral therapies.