bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The imaginaries of the city of Norilsk, from the Soviet industrial utopia to the contemporary nickel legend
Authors: Vergnac Camille
Published: November 2024

Norilsk is a polar city in Russia, located to the South of the Taimyr Peninsula in the Arctic Circle. The city’s surroundings are rich in unique deposits of polymetallic ores, and life in the city is organised around metal extraction. This is a reason why Norilsk is an interesting object for analysis of the social representation of the city’s image. Social representation is a fairly new socio-philosophical concept. By the word ‘representation’ we mean perceptions that are formed on the basis of reality. In the case of Norilsk, it is the result of all perceptions of the city and its environment. The study is based on contemporary documentary films, geographical, historical and journalistic documents. The analysis of perceptions of Norilsk allows us to understand the reasons for ideological debates around the history of Russia, such as discussions about memorials to victims of political repressions. Statements about Norilsk are contradictory. Negative statements are related to negative perceptions of the city, while positive statements are related to the residents’ love for their city. The analysis of representations related to the architecture of Norilsk allows us to identify gaps in the official discourse about the foundation of the city and explore its historical background. The study has revealed that the Soviet architectural heritage is well-preserved and documented, while statements about buildings associated with the Gulag are relegated to a marginalised space. Consideration of external and local representations of Norilsk allows us to understand the process of rewriting the history of the city.
Russian rap and its literary value: analysis of social-political themes in the texts of Miron Fedorov (Oxxxymiron)
Authors: Kucherova Angelina
Published: November 2024

This article presents an analysis of the literary value of Russian rap through the lens of Miron Fedorov, better known as Oxxxymiron. The focus of the research lies in the social-political themes expressed in his lyrics. The article explores how rap texts serve as a means of profound literary expression, enabling the author to provide their responses to pressing societal issues. This study contributes to the understanding of how rap music can function as a form of literature and how it fosters a dialogue on crucial topics within contemporary society.
Crianças na Era Vitoriana
Authors: Ruela de Seixas Maria Victória
Published: November 2024

Este artigo abordará a representação da infância durante a primeira Revolução Industrial, que ocorreu na Era Vitoriana na Inglaterra, entre 1760 e 1840, através das obras de Charles Dickens Oliver Twist (1837) e Um Conto de Natal (1943). Para tal, serão utilizados os estudos do filósofo político alemão e sociólogo marxista Friedrich Engels, a fim de elucidar o que estava acontecendo no território britânico nesse período e como a Revolução Industrial reconstruiu a realidade do que veio a ser o proletariado inglês. Em sequência, serão apontadas as questões propriamente ditas das condições de trabalho às quais as crianças que trabalhavam nas fábricas eram submetidas. Então, será realizada uma breve apresentação do autor Charles Dickens e, logo após, serão discorridas as análises das obras literárias Oliver Twist e Um Conto de Natal..
Reducción de emisiones de metano en bovinos mediante selección metagenómica
Authors: Saborío-Montero Alejandro , Molina-Coto Roger , Campos-Granados Carlos , WingChing-Jones Rodolfo
Published: November 2024

La generación de dispositivos capaces de secuenciar ADN a partir de muestras de matrices compuestas de distintos microorganismos ha marcado un hito en la clasificación taxonómica de estos. En el ámbito de la producción animal de rumiantes, el estudio genómico del microbioma del rumen (metagenómica) y su relación con el genotipo de los hospedadores ha despertado el interés de los investigadores. Esto se debe a las potenciales oportunidades de seleccionar rumiantes que puedan transmitir a su descendencia características que generen microbiomas más sostenibles para los propósitos de los sistemas productivos, tales como mejorar la eficiencia alimenticia y productividad mientras se reducen las emisiones de metano (CH4). El objetivo de esta revisión fue exponer una selección de documentación científica relacionada con el análisis del microbioma y su relevancia como potencial estrategia para la selección de rumiantes en los programas de mejora genética. Se ha concluido que la integración de tecnologías de análisis metagenómico en la investigación del microbioma del rumen ofrece nuevas perspectivas para la mejora genética en la producción de rumiantes. Estas tecnologías promueven sistemas productivos más eficientes y sostenibles, con menor impacto ambiental.
Evaluación de un prebiótico sobre el estrés calórico e integridad intestinal de pollos de engorde
Authors: Nadales-Ortiz Ramón , De Basilio✝ Vasco , Machado Isamery , Nuraef Hedy
Published: November 2024

Con el propósito de evaluar el efecto de prebióticos sobre el estrés calórico e integridad intestinal de pollos de engorde Ross 308, se evaluaron 3 tratamientos que consistieron en: T1) sin prebiótico; T2) prebiótico en agua y cama; y T3) prebiótico en cama. El experimento se realizó en la sección de aves del Laboratorio de Unidad de Ambiente Semi-Controlado del Instituto de Producción Animal de la Facultad de Agronomía de la Universidad Central de Venezuela. Se utilizaron 144 pollos en un diseño completamente aleatorizado con tres tratamientos, seis repeticiones y ocho pollos por unidad experimental. Se monitoreó ambientalmente la temperatura y la humedad relativa, la calidez de la cama y la del agua de bebida. Se cuantificó la temperatura corporal y nivel de hiperventilación. Se evaluaron lesiones intestinales en el duodeno, yeyuno, íleon, ciego y colon. Se analizaron cortes histológicos para determinación de lesiones en vellosidades intestinales. La utilización del prebiótico generó menores temperaturas corporales y tiene potencial para minimizar los efectos adversos del estrés calórico. Los daños intestinales por hemorragias equimóticas y petequiales fueron más frecuentes y de mayor intensidad en el tratamiento testigo en la sección duodenal del intestino. A nivel microscópico, el tratamiento testigo presentó el mayor número y nivel de gravedad para desprendimiento e inflamación de vellosidades intestinales y para lesiones de congestión, infiltrado y hemorragia. Los prebióticos constituyen una alternativa válida para el manejo de pollos en áreas geográficas donde el estrés calórico limita su explotación.
Efecto sinérgico de las mezclas de raigrás perenne con trébol sobre la degradabilidad ruminal
Authors: Gutiérrez Francisco , Sacido Mónica , Feldman Susana
Published: November 2024

La ganadería se fundamenta en la alimentación a base de pasturas con diferentes niveles de calidad, especies y madurez. El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar el efecto sinérgico de las mezclas de Lolium perenne con Trifolium repens o T. pratense sobre la cinética de degradabilidad ruminal de la materia seca y la proteína bruta. La investigación se realizó en la provincia de Pichincha, Ecuador; en los cantones de Mejía (mezcla forrajera), Quito (análisis de laboratorio) y Rumiñahui (degradabilidad in situ), entre los meses de diciembre del 2022 y junio del 2023. Para ello, se plantearon dos experimentos: el primero con mezclas de raigrás (R) y trébol blanco (Tb) [(90:10, 80:20, 70:30) 100% R y 100% Tb], y el segundo con mezclas de raigrás (R) y trébol rojo (Tr) [(90:10, 80:20, 70:30), 100% R y 100% Tr]. Se realizaron 3 repeticiones por tratamiento y cada uno de estos fue evaluado en los siguientes tiempos de incubación: 0, 4, 8, 12, 16, 24, 36, 48, y 72 horas. Se evaluó la degradabilidad efectiva y la tasa de degradabilidad. Las variables estudiadas fueron la degradabilidad ruminal de la materia seca (MS) y de la proteína bruta (Pb). Se utilizó un diseño completamente al azar y una prueba de Tukey para separación de medias. Los resultados indicaron que la incorporación de trébol a las mezclas con raigrás perenne modifica la composición química, aumentan la concentración de Pb y disminuyen la FDN y la FDA. Se observaron diferencias (p < 0.05) para degradabilidad de la MS y Pb, siendo, en los dos experimentos, la mezcla con 70% de raigrás (R) y 30% de trébol (T) la que tuvo una degradabilidad potencial (ab) del 90% y 96%, respectivamente.  La incorporación de tréboles a la mezcla con raigrás mejoró la degradabilidad conjunta de la mezcla. No obstante, el riesgo de timpanismo en rumiantes aumenta con porcentajes más altos de tréboles. Finalmente, no se encontraron diferencias significativas entre la incorporación de trébol blanco y trébol rojo.
Comparative analysis of cis-regulatory elements associated with salinity and drought tolerance in rice (oryza sativa l.) using in silico analysis
Authors: Hoa Bui Thi Hai , Duong Nguyen Huy , Le Dinh Thi Thu , Hang Trinh Thi Thu , Thoa Vu Kim , Thuy Le Thu , Ngoc Bui Van
Published: November 2024

The critical roles of cis-regulatory elements (cREs) in the regulation of gene expression in response to environmental stress were reported in previous studies. Although transcription factor families to regulate gene expression in plants are well documented, there is a limited number of cREs related to salinity and drought tolerance in rice to be identified. Therefore, in this study, a comparative analysis and characterization of cREs associated with specific drought and salinity tolerance genes of rice, namely OsNHX1, OsNHX5, OsHKT1;1, OsHKT2;1, and OsSOS1, was performed using the PLACE and PlantPAN 3.0 databases, along with in silico methods. Several cis-elements within the core promoter region, including TATA-box, CAAT-box, G-box, DPE, and Y-Patch were identified. Additionally, eight other cis elements: ABRE, MYBRS, MYCRS, NAC-binding site, ACGTATERD1, GT1GMSCAM4, W-box, and DRE, were discovered and suggested to be potentially involved in drought and salinity tolerance in rice.  Comparative analysis revealed that OsNHX1 and OsHKT1;1 exhibit a higher abundance of cREs compared to the other genes studied. The presence of an increased number of cREs suggests a more complex regulatory network, potentially enhancing the ability of these genes to cope with environmental stressors and fine-tune their responses to changing conditions. Furthermore, understanding the distribution and diversity of cREs across different genes can offer practical implications for genetic engineering and crop improvement strategies. Genes with desirable regulatory profiles, especially those associated with specific stress tolerances, may be prime candidates for genetic manipulation.
Isolation and identification of the Serratia marcescens causing septicemia in the silkworms from Yen Bai province and prevention measures
Authors: Hanh Nguyen Thuy , Ngoc Pham Minh , Tuan Hoang Minh
Published: November 2024

In Yen Bai (Northern Viet Nam), sericulture is an important part of agriculture. However, bacterial diseases often cause severe economic loss in sericulture. The results of this research are the first to use a combination of biochemical identification methods and sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene region to diagnose and determine the origin of the pathogen causing septicemia in silkworms collected from Yen Bai province. From the collected silkworm samples with septicemia, a strain of Serratia marcescens bacteria was isolated with morphological characteristics, and typical basic biochemical test. Additionally, the 16S rRNA gene region of the bacterial strain S. marcescens was sequenced. Research results showed that the MD2-16-27F bacterial strain has 99.63% similarity with the S. marcescens strain JW-CZ2. Research on preventing this bacterium shows that the disinfection solution, which contains the active ingredients of trichloroisocyanuric acid (0.0008 mol), formaldehyde (0.0059 mol), calcium hypochloride (0.0031 mol) and alcohol (0.137 mol), effectively prevented the growth of this bacterium after exposed to it for 30 minutes at a temperature of 24-25oC. Antibiotic active ingredients, Norfloxacin (10 μg/l) and Doxycycline (30 μg/l), were effective in preventing S. marcescens bacterium with high sensitivity level; the antibacterial ring diameter of Doxycycline was 31 mm and that of Norfloxacin was 25 mm. The results of this study can be applied to the general prevention of septicemia in silkworms caused by S. marcescens bacteria in the Northern part of Vietnam, particularly in Yen Bai in particular and the North of our country in general.
Identification of a rare GLI3 variant associated with unilateral thumb polydactyly
Authors: Ngoc Nguyen Thy , Duc Hoang Hai
Published: November 2024

Polydactyly is a congenital anomaly marked by supernumerary digits, resulting in an excess number of fingers or toes. Numerous investigations have elucidated the critical role of genetic factors in determining the presence of non-syndromic polydactyly. Nevertheless, a comprehensive understanding of the underlying signaling pathway responsible for this disorder remains incomplete. In this study, we present a thorough analysis of a unique unilateral polydactyly phenotype in the thumb of a 6-year-old male proband, employing exome sequencing. The investigation revealed a rare heterozygous substitution variant (NM_000168.6:c.1384A>G; p.Lys462Glu) in the GLI3 gene, a critical factor associated with polydactyly. Sanger sequencing confirmed the paternal inheritance of this variant. Notably, the amino acid change demonstrated evolutionary conservation, emphasizing its potential functional significance. Our findings contribute novel insights into the genetic underpinnings of polydactyly, highlighting the significant role of GLI3 in limb development. This discovery expands our understanding of the broader implications of GLI3 mutations in congenital limb abnormalities, paving the way for further investigations in this field. From a genetic perspective, unraveling the intricacies of polydactyly at the molecular level opens avenues for comprehending the broader genetic landscape of limb malformations and their underlying mechanisms.
The proliferation of hematopoietic stem cells from umbilical cord blood was enhanced by using peptide sl-13r
Authors: Tien Vu Thi , Thanh Tran Trung , Kien Tran Trung , An Dinh Ho Thao , Nam Nguyen Trung
Published: November 2024

Umbilical cord hematopoietic stem cells (UC-HSCs) are capable of self-regeneration and differentiation into many different types of blood cells, helping to treat blood diseases such as leukemia, Hodgkin's disease and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, as well as for transplantation. However, the number of UC-HSCs is still very small due to limitations in isolation and proliferation. In this study, UC-HSCs were cultured with the bioactive SL-13R peptide to examine whether SL-13R enhances UC-HSC proliferation. Here, we showed that CD34+UC-HSCs can be enriched by up to 47.08% by culturing total mononuclear cells (MNCs) from umbilical cord blood (UCB) in serum-free StemMACS medium supplemented with a cytokine cocktail. We demonstrated that SL-13R enhanced the proliferation of CD34+UC-HSCs by 1.21-1.44 times compared to that of the controls. These results suggested that StemMACS medium supplemented with cytokines and SL-13R can be used to expand CD34+UC-HSCs ex vivo for medical treatment and transplantation.
CRISPR/Cas9-Induced mutations of chNHE1 gene in chicken primordial germ cells
Authors: Hanh Nguyen Van , Trong Nguyen Dinh , Hong Nguyen Thi , Linh Chu Khanh , Ha Chu Hoang , Phat Do Tien
Published: November 2024

In recent years, CRISPR/Cas9 technology has been extensively applied in gene editing research across plants as well as animal subjects, making it an effective tool in aiding the investigation of interactions between pathogens and hosts. Avian leukosis virus subgroup J (ALV-J) is the first known virus-related tumor disease causing avian leukosis, which can lead to major economic losses due to decreased productivity and increased mortality in infected chicken flocks. This poses a significant threat to the poultry industry worldwide, including Vietnam, as ALV-J is considered one of the most difficult pathogens to control. ALV-J infects the host cells by the meditation of the chicken NA+/H+ exchange type 1 (chNHE1) receptor. In this study, a CRISPR/Cas9 construct was developed and successfully delivered into the primordial germ cells of H'Mong-Vietnamese chickens. The insertion and expression of the transgenes in chicken cells were demonstrated by GFP expression and PCR with specific primers. The CRISPR/Cas9 induced mutations in the target gene chNHE1 were identified and characterized via ICE analysis (Synthego). The knockout score was indicated at 23 points from one of three tested cell batches. Various induced mutations were observed at the target locations, indicating the presence of different mutant cell lines in the tested cell batch. This is the first success in utilizing the CRISPR/Cas9 system to induce targeted mutations of the chNHE1 gene in the primordial germ cells of a local chicken variety in Vietnam. Our results provide a potential approach for further research to enhance the poultry health and productivity of local livestock.
Tailoring potential antigenic regions on pandemic SARS spike protein
Authors: Hoa Le Thanh , Thong Le Nhat , Minh Le Thong
Published: November 2024

Coronavirus-associated severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) pandemics have devastated lives, economies, and societies worldwide. Given the higher severity of the latter pandemic, the constant mutation, and vaccine escape, new and more dangerous pandemics could emerge. Therefore, it is imperative to identify conserved vaccine candidates for stable effectiveness in future pandemics. This study aimed to tailor potential, conserved peptide-based vaccine candidates for the upcoming Coronavirus pandemic based on the sequences of the spike protein of SARS-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 viruses, using bioinformatic approaches. Peptide-based CD4+ T-cell epitopes derived from SARS proteomes were identified based on their predicted binding affinity to HLA-DRB1, one of the central molecules for the adaptive immune system. These epitopes were then assessed for conservation by sequence analysis of all pandemic-involved strains and variants. The epitopes were then evaluated and cross-checked for possible protection against the causative pathogens via potential uptake by B-cell receptors, the sustenance of sequence conservation for the future pandemic strain using data from population HLA-allele-typing studies, structural analysis of the spike-antibody complex and their contribution to the function of spike protein, respectively. As a result, selected vaccine candidates were projected to cover nearly 90% of the world's population with the combination of just four epitopes. The epitopes could be modified to adapt to future pandemic strains, improve antigenicity, or be used as booster immunization against the currently circulating SARS-CoV-2 variant. This study demonstrates that there is still room for improvement and promising discoveries in vaccine design to deter upcoming SARS pandemics.
Clinical Study of Tuhuanglian Liquid Wet Compress on Acute Radiation Dermatitis of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
Authors: Qiu Shenghong , Chen Aili , Li Qingjuan , Guo Lixiao , Cai Jiaozhi , Xue Xiaoguang
Published: November 2024

Using a random number table method, 124 nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients who received radiotherapy in the hospital from January 2020 to December 2021 were randomly divided into a control group of 62 cases and an experimental group of 62 cases. The control group received routine nursing care. Based on the control group, the experimental group used Tuhuanglian liquid wet compress from the beginning to the end of radiotherapy. The severity of acute radiation dermatitis in two groups of patients is observed at different radiotherapy times. At the end of the 10th radiotherapy, there was no statistically significant difference in radiation therapy oncology group (RTOG) grading between the two groups of patients (P > 0.05). At the end of the 20th radiotherapy and the end of radiotherapy, there was a statistically significant difference in RTOG grading between the two groups of patients (P < 0.05). The time for patients in the experimental group to develop radiation grade 3 dermatitis was longer than that in the control group, with a median time of 9 days, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Therefore, Tuhuanglian wet compress therapy can reduce the incidence of acute radiation dermatitis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients, delay the progression of acute radiation dermatitis, and can be widely used.
Time-lapsed in situ monitoring of mechanical property in deep soil mixing with surface wave
Authors: Niu Yanlong , Chian Siau Chen , Li Yunyue Elita
Published: November 2024

Evaluating the mechanical properties of deep soil mixing (DSM) requires destructive borehole coring because they are mainly situated underground. Although the surface wave method offers potential for quality assurance, its complexity arises from multi-mode phenomena and the need to re-evaluate inversion results, often necessitating manual interpretation. This paper presents a data-driven surface wave framework to retrieve a field DSM profile Vs over time, incorporating a mode-free forward operator and the Monte Carlo tree search inversion. Validations using synthetic data affirmed the framework’s accuracy and efficiency in tracking subsurface shear wave velocity. In a real-world DSM site, the proposed method successfully captures the evolution of mechanical properties across two DSM layers over the curing period, aligning well with site investigations and borehole coring. This pioneering monitoring framework integrates geotechnical engineering with geophysics expertise, underscoring the value of non-destructive seismic methods for measuring subsurface property evolution.
A centrifuge modelling setup for dewatering, rewetting, and characterising soil deposits
Authors: Chen Jiarui , Martinez Alejandro
Published: November 2024

Dewatering in soils serves various purposes in the field of geotechnical engineering as well as other disciplines. In geotechnical engineering, dewatering is effective for improving stability, reducing settlements, and limiting seepage of contaminated pore fluid. This study details the development of an experimental setup that enables dewatering and rewetting soil deposits in-flight in a geotechnical centrifuge while the pore pressures/suctions and moisture contents are measured. Cone penetration tests and shear wave velocity measurements are also used to characterise the material in-flight. Detailed discussion is provided regarding the construction of the tensiometers and calibration of the moisture content probes. Tests are performed on two coal combustion products (CCPs) to exemplify the capabilities of the equipment. Illustrative test results provide time histories and profiles of soil suction and water content at different depths, agreeing well with measurements from laboratory soil water retention curves. The results also show that dewatering of the CCP deposits leads to significant increases in strength and stiffness and, after subsequent rewetting, the material maintains a permanent increase in stiffness. The developed system enables an economical and reliable study of the impacts related to dewatering and rewetting cycles to fulfil research purposes in a broad range of engineering disciplines.
Poetics of Color as a Tool for the Analysis of a Literary Text
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Misnik Maria A.
Published: November 2024

The paper discusses methodological approaches to the study of the poetics of color in literary texts. To identify the methodology, the study consistently examines the process of the formation of ideas about color, takes into account and systematizes existing approaches to its analysis, in particular, those based on the peculiarities of the existence of color in culture and the semantics of color terms. The starting points for the analysis of the functions and role of color in a literary text are the frequency of use, color or color-light cores, and the grouping of color terms according to their symbolic or metaphorical meanings. Much attention is paid in the paper not only to literary works but also to works on the theory of color and color perception. The mechanisms of perceiving and associating color are of particular interest, since they make it possible to assess the universality of colored images in art. A study of the poetics of color must not be guided solely by interpretation of color meanings or personal associations. Significantly, the semantics of color, due to its cultural existence, does not limit the functions of color in a literary text, but complements the contextual meaning and role of color. In an analysis of a literary text, it is important to remember that the functions of color can be manifested on all the levels of the text. For a study of the poetics of color to be complete and systematic, it is necessary to take into account all the methods of observing color, and one of the tasks of the present research is to identify these methods. It is proposed to distinguish between the concepts of symbol and detail in relation to color. Color should be considered separately in relation to motifs, spatial and temporal organization, and subjective structure. Distinguishing the individual roles of color allows us to consider it as a significant element of the artistic world, complementing it and providing additional ways of understanding and interpreting.
Multimodality as a Feature of the Author’s Mind Style in the Descriptive Register of an English Literary Text (Based on J. Steinbeck’s Literary Works)
Authors:   Altai State Pedagogical University, Kucher Vasilina V.
Published: November 2024

The study discusses multimodal perceptual situations presented in a literary text as a feature of the author’s mind style. The perceptual component of world perception is considered to be the result of unique perceptual experience, thus it is argued that the perceptual component of the text structure reflects the mind style of its author. The analysis of the situation of perception provided in the paper is based on the concept of speech registers. A speech register implemented in a text appears as a model of the speaker’s worldview that determines the language means used in the text in accordance with the communicative situation, and vice versa, makes it possible to identify the features of the perception of reality based on the lingual means used by the author. The research is based on data obtained from a number of J. Steinbeck’s literary works totaling 830 pages. The research methods used include componential, contextual, and linguo-stylistic analysis. The analysis prompts the following conclusions: multimodality within a literary text is conveyed through the use of a variety of lexical, phonetic, syntactic lingual means as well as expressive means based on conceptual metaphors with visual, auditory, olfactory, and tactile semantic components, thus evoking corresponding planes of perception. Perceptual images depicted in the descriptive register help convey the ideas, the topics raised in a literary work, serve as a means of text composition, and create a cinematic effect within the text. The abovementioned testifies to the distinctiveness of the author’s mind style, which manifests itself in the representation of perceptual experience through various modalities simultaneously, in synesthetic metaphors, multimodal presentation of the results of perception by visual submodalities.
Die hohen Herren vom Berge Sion. George Steiners Hitler-Roman: Chronik einer Ablehnung
Authors: Müller Lothar
Published: November 2024

Die 1939 an einem College in einer kleinen Ortschaft in Ohio gegründete Zeitschrift The Kenyon Review wird 1979 nach fast zehnjähriger Unterbrechung mit einem ambitionierten Editorial neu gestartet. Das zweite Heft der neuen Serie erscheint im Frühjahr 1979 und enthält einen einzigen Text des «European Editors» der Zeitschrift – George Steiners 120 Seiten starken Roman The Portage to San Cristobal of A. H. Die Chiffrierung des Namens «Adolf Hitler» wird in einem Weckruf am Ende des dritten Kapitels erstmals aufgelöst: «AUFSTEHN. LOS . I have a warrant here. Born April 20, 1889. In the name of man. For crimes herewith listed. In the face of God. AUFSTEHN. We’re starting out. We’re starting now. To take you home, Herr Hitler.»
Unter der Linie. Kleine Konsumgeschichte des Regenbogens
Authors: Schöttker: Detlev
Published: November 2024

Schon einige Jahre nach ihrer Einführung hatte die edition suhrkamp eine sichtbare Vergangenheit und eine voraussehbare Zukunft: Von 1963 bis 1970 waren bereits 400 Bände erschienen, was etwa vier Regalmetern in Regenbogenfarben entsprach. Bis Ende des Jahres 2023 war die Reihe auf knapp 2800 Titel angewachsen, also auf etwa 30 Regalmeter oder eine halbe Zimmerwand. Zwar wurden die Bände seit den achtziger Jahren meist nicht mehr geschlossen in Regalen von Buchhandlungen aufgestellt, da das Interesse der Käufer zurückgegangen war, sind dafür aber in den Wohnungen hunderttausender Leser präsent.
«Auch Unseld musste stets scharf kalkulieren»
Authors: Krüger Michael
Published: November 2024

In der deutschen Literaturgeschichte ist 1959 nicht nur durch Die Blechtrommel von Günter Grass und Uwe Johnsons Mutmassungen über Jakob ein Wendejahr. Langfristig größere Folgen hatte möglicherweise ein ganz anderes Ereignis: Der Verleger Peter Suhrkamp starb am 31. März – und ein junger Mann wurde sein Nachfolger, der dem Suhrkamp Verlag bald ein neues Gesicht gab und zu einer der wichtigsten intellektuellen Institutionen der Bundesrepublik ausbaute: der 1924 geborene Siegfried Unseld. Und irgendwo in diesem Jahr sehen wir auch den Gymnasiasten Michael Krüger, der am Wannseestrand seine ersten Suhrkamp-Bücher liest …
“¿Qué es eso del amor?” La transformación del concepto del amor en el contexto de la pandemia en Medellín
Authors: Hernández Zuluaga Germán Darío , Paradela López Miguel , Blanco Sánchez José Miguel
Published: November 2024

Objetivo. El presente artículo de investigación tuvo como propósito principal reconocer las concepciones del amor y sus transformaciones en el escenario de la posmodernidad pandémica en la ciudad de Medellín, Colombia. Metodología. La investigación se basa en una metodología cualitativa, llevada a cabo a partir de 30 entrevistas semiestructuradas a población general y una adaptación delphi a cuatro expertos en relaciones interpersonales. Resultados. Como principales resultados, se evidencia cómo el confinamiento y la pandemia afectaron el valor de la intimidad y la conexión emocional, las expectativas en las relaciones de pareja y el aumento de necesidad de apoyo emocional. En este sentido, el artículo muestra cómo estos cambios, si bien se originaron a raíz del confinamiento, se han mantenido tras este. Conclusiones. Se concluye que las percepciones sobre el concepto del amor han tenido cambios permanentes a consecuencia de la pandemia, generándose vínculos afectivos más volátiles, momentáneos y poco sólidos.
La construcción de paz en la Arquidiócesis de Cali: un horizonte estratégico para el Trabajo Social
Authors: Barón Rodríguez Erika , Lara Giraldo José Daniel , Serna Agudelo Laura Isabel
Published: November 2024

El presente artículo expone los resultados de investigación de la monografía: La construcción de paz en la arquidiócesis de Cali entre 2017-2021: una mirada desde el Trabajo Social. El objetivo fue analizar tres iniciativas con vocación de paz desarrolladas en la coyuntura posterior a la firma del Acuerdo Final de Paz, por una institución insignia en materia de paz e intervención del trabajo profesional, la Iglesia católica, con el fin de dar cuenta de los límites y posibilidades que presentan las/os profesionales de Trabajo Social para desarrollar acciones a partir de la perspectiva histórico-crítica en contextos situados. El método empleado fue el dialéctico en tanto proporcionó las herramientas para realizar un análisis con perspectiva de totalidad; mientras la técnicas de recolección de información utilizadas fueron la entrevista semiestructurada y la revisión documental. Como resultado se destacaque el análisis de estas iniciativas dan cuenta del ejercicio de autonomía relativa por parte de los/as profesionales en el marco de la avanzada neoliberal en las instituciones del denominado “tercer sector”.
Presentación
Authors: Universidad de Caldas
Published: November 2024

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A relação do Serviço Social com as lutas sociais no Brasil nas décadas de 1970-1990: um esforço coletivo de investigação sobre a questão da natureza da dimensão ético-política profissional
Authors: Guazzelli Amanda , Adriano Ana Lívia , Costa Abramides Maria Beatriz , Duriguetto Maria Lúcia , Batistoni Maria Rosângela , Maia Susana Maria
Published: November 2024

El artigo presenta los presupuestos históricos y teórico-metodológicos de una propuesta de investigación, me andamento, sobre la naturaleza de la dimensión ideopolítica y de la peculiaridad de la filosofía práxis no proceso de desarrollo y consolidación del proyecto ético-político del Servicio Social. Nesa dirección, son explicitados elementos que conformaron la naturaleza de la dimensión ideo-política no Movimiento de Reconceituación y la peculiaridad de su caracterización en realidad brasileña no decurrir las décadas de 1970 y 1980. Explicitamos, aquí, los procesos que constituyeron a los procesos que constituyeron posibilitaron la contestación del conservadorismo y la edificación del proyecto ético-político del Servicio Social brasileño - procesos eses que expresamos o desarrollo de estudio bibliográfico y documental emprendido atendido o momento por las autoras, tratándose, portanto, de la presentación parcial dos resultados de la investigación. Este contexto, son demarcados los ejes analíticos de la propuesta de investigación en tela, que seamos: 1. la naturaleza de la dimensión ídeo-política de la profissão abordada en la relación entre lucha de clase/projetos societários de las clases subalternas y proyectos profissionales. sociopolíticas que atravesaban a relación aludida, demarcando como especial atención hueso acúmulos teóricos e ideopolíticos que os fundamentam.
Zayıf manyetik alan NMR görüntüleme sistemi tasarımına yönelik bir benzetim
Authors: Dizibüyük Alper , Alkan Ahmet
Published: November 2024

NMR (Nükleer Manyetik Rezonans) işaretleri atomların içinde bulundukları ortamdaki manyetik alan ile kendi çekirdek manyetik moment etkileşimleri sonucu elde edilirler. Bu yüzden malzemeyi meydana getiren atom veya moleküllerin dinamikleri ve yapısallığı hakkında bilgiler içermektedirler. Bu bilgiler hem madde analizi hem de görüntüleme amacıyla değerlendirilir. Ancak kullanılan mevcut sistemlerin fiziksel büyüklükleri (Yüksek manyetik alan için gereken sabit mıknatıs veya süper iletken sistemler), yüksek donanım ve işletme maliyetleri ve neredeyse taşınamaz olmaları en büyük olumsuzluklarıdır. Bu durum araştırmacıları düşük manyetik alanda çalışabilen, düşük hacimli, düşük maliyetli ve taşınabilir uygulamalara sevk etmiştir. Bu çalışmalarla geniş bir alanda ihtiyaç duyulan nesne görüntüleme, pratik tıbbi görüntüleme, madde analizi ve tayini, üretim kalite kontrolü, çevre duyarlı üretim atık kontrolü gibi alanlardaki önemli bir boşluk doldurulmaya çalışılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada temel NMRI (Nükleer Manyetik Rezonans Görüntüleme) için gereken statik ana manyetik alan ve gradyan alan sargıları için sınırlı bir Kartezyen uzayda manyetik alan bileşenleri Biot-Savart ilkesine göre bilgisayar ortamında üretilmiştir. Statik ana manyetik alanın yeterli homojen olduğu, gradyan alanların yeterli lineer olduğu uzaysal hacim bölgesi belirlenmiştir. Beraber çalışan alan büyüklükleri yeniden ölçeklenmiş, aynı sınırlı uzayda bulunan sanal fantomlar için gradyan-eko spin FID işaretleri üretilmiş, k-space ve NMR görüntüleri elde edilmiştir.
Depremlerde uzun eksenleri doğrultusunda kalıcı yer hareketlerine maruz kalan gömülü boruların davranışı
Authors: Toprak Selçuk , Nacaroğlu Engin , Yağcıoğlu Berk , Çetin Orhan Alp
Published: November 2024

Geçmiş depremlerden gözlemler, boruların özellikle kendi uzun eksenleri doğrultusunda yer hareketlerinden daha olumsuz olarak etkilendikleri ve hasar görebildiklerini göstermiştir. Bu gözleme bağlı olarak mevcut çalışmada deprem etkisiyle boru doğrultusunda zemin hareketine maruz gömülü sürekli boru hatları değerlendirilmiştir. Sayısal analizlerde sonlu elemanlar yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Analizlerde doğalgaz hatlarında yaygın olarak kullanılan çelik boru cinsi tercih edilmiş, değişken olabilecek parametreler olarak boru çapı, borunun mekanik özellikleri, gömme derinliği, zemin-boru sürtünmesi ve yer hareketinin değerleri alınmıştır. İlave olarak, yolların ve mevcut yapıların durumuna bağlı olarak boruların 8 farklı geometrik yerleşime sahip olmaları da değerlendirilmiştir. Böylece farklı boru yerleşim durumları için düşük seviyeden yüksek seviyeye kadar kalıcı yer hareketleri (0,01-4 m) etkisi altında davranışları belirlenmiştir. Analizler sonucunda, boru hattında meydana gelen yer değiştirmeler, çekme ve basınç şekil değiştirmeleri ile çekme ve basınç gerilmeleri elde edilerek kullanılan parametrelerin boru üzerindeki etkileri belirlenmiştir. Çalışmanın sonuçları, gömülü çelik boruların deprem sonucu oluşabilecek farklı kalıcı yer hareketleri etkisi altında davranışını göstererek uygulamada boru hatlarını işleten kurumlara tasarım ve ön değerlendirmelerinde katkı sağlayacaktır.
Biyoinspirasyon tabanlı derin öğrenme algoritması
Authors: Çifçi Mehmet Akif , Canatalay Peren Jerfi , Arslan Emrah , Kausar Samina
Published: November 2024

Bu makale, biyolojik sistemler ve Derin Öğrenme (DÖ) tekniklerinden esinlenen yenilikçi bir öğrenilmiş sezgisel yöntem olan Enfeksiyona Duyarlı Yapay Zekâ Optimizasyon Modeli (SIMO) işlenmektedir. SIMO optimizasyon algoritması, Enfeksiyona Duyarlı Yapay Zekâ ile epidemiyolojik bölme modelinden ilham alarak herhangi bir zamandaki nüfusun enfeksiyona duyarlılığını, aktif enfeksiyonları ve iyileşen popülasyonu tahmin etmektedir. SIMO, arama sürecini iyileştirmek amacıyla başlatma yöntemi ve parametre ayarlama bileşenlerine DÖ metodunu entegre eder, bu sayede zeki ve otonom davranış sergileyebilmektedir. DÖ entegrasyonu, algoritmanın etkin, etkili ve güçlü arama sonuçlarına yönlendirilmesine olanak tanıyan nöral modellere dayalı başlangıç çözümleri üretmeyi kolaylaştırmaktadır. Bu yaklaşım, algoritmanın performansını üst düzey çözümler elde ederek, daha hızlı bir şekilde yakınsamasını sağlayarak, güçlülüğünü artırarak ve hesaplama gereksinimlerini azaltarak geliştirir. SIMO algoritmasının etkinliğini doğrulamak için 2017 IEEE Evrimsel Hesaplama Kongresi (CEC 2017) benchmarking fonksiyonlarından alınan iki veri seti kullanılmıştır ve deneysel sonuçlar yenilikçi algoritmalarla karşılaştırılmıştır. Detaylı karşılaştırmalar, SIMO'nun birçok benzer modeli geride bıraktığını, daha az kontrol parametresi kullanarak yüksek performanslı çözümler sunduğunu göstermektedir. Ayrıca, SIMO'nun performansı gerçek hayat problemlerine uyarlanmıştır. Sonuçlar, SIMO'ya öğrenme sürecini entegre etmenin, mevcut literatürdeki diğer optimizasyon yaklaşımlarına kıyasla üstün hassasiyet ve hesaplama verimliliği sağladığını açıkça göstermektedir.
Genetic markers and traditional risk factors in predicting atrial fibrillation in patients with arterial hypertension, focus on the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system genes
Authors: Bukvalnaya Natalia V. , Yakubova Liudmila V. , Kapytski Andrey V. , Kezhun Ludmila V. , Gorchakova Olga V. , Karnialiuk Dmitriy  G. , Charnetskaya Elizaveta  Yu. , Snezhitskiy Viktor  A.
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND: Genetic and environmental factors are involved in the development of atrial fibrillation in arterial hypertension. This determines the relevance of studying gene-environment interactions in the occurrence of arrhythmia.
AIM: To evaluate the contribution of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system genes polymorphisms to the susceptibility to atrial fibrillation in patients with arterial hypertension, and also to study the combined influence of these polymorphisms and environmental factors on the risk of arrhythmia.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 60 patients with arterial hypertension and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (study group), 60 patients with arterial hypertension without atrial fibrillation (comparison group-1) and 20 healthy volunteers (comparison group-2). Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE (I/D)) and angiotensin II type 1 receptor gene (AGTR1 (A1166C)) polymorphisms were analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction.
RESULTS: Genotype II and allele I of the ACE gene (I/D) in patients with arterial hypertension and atrial fibrillation were significantly more frequent compared to patients with arterial hypertension without arrhythmia (χ² = 4.547; p = 0.03 and χ² = 4.818; p = 0.03 respectively). Carriage of genotype II in patients with arterial hypertension increased the chance of developing atrial fibrillation by 2.8 times (95% CI 1.19–7.18). The odds ratio (OR) for arrythmia development in patients with arterial hypertension and allele I was 1.8 (95% CI 1.10–3.07). The presence of obesity in patients with arterial hypertension in the presence of genotype II of the ACE gene (I/D) was associated with an increased risk of developing atrial fibrillation, compared with the genotype alone (OR = 4.16, 95% CI 1.16–19.87). A study of the A1166C polymorphism of the AGTR1 gene did not reveal a reliable significant relationship between its inheritance and the development of atrial fibrillation.
CONCLUSION: Genotype II and allele I of the ACE gene (I/D) were statistically significantly more frequent in patients with arterial hypertension and atrial fibrillation. Carriage of genotype II and allele I of the ACE gene (I/D) increased the chance of developing atrial fibrillation in patients with arterial hypertension. Obesity had a significant effect on the susceptibility to atrial fibrillation in the presence of genotype II of the ACE gene (I/D) in hypertensive patients.
Treatment of local purulent postoperative soft tissue complications in patients of older age groups with fractures of the proximal femur
Authors: Linnik Stanislav A. , Afinogenov Gennady E. , Afinogenova Anna G. , Kucheev Ivan O. , Karagezov Giorgi , Korshunov Dmitry Yu. , Polikarpov Anatolii V. , Tsololo Yaroslav B. , Gusev Vladislav S.
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND: Surgical treatment of fractures of the proximal femur in elderly patients makes it possible to put patients on their feet early and improve their quality of life. Local purulent complications in the postoperative period after hip fractures surgical treatment occur in 5–10% of cases.
AIM: To improve the treatment outcomes of patients with local postoperative purulent complications of soft tissues by a comparative analysis of treatment methods with various antibacterial, antiseptic hydrogels and physical methods of wound treatment.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The article presents the nature of local purulent complications, their clinical picture, and diagnostic features. All the patients are divided into 2 groups. The main group included 53 patients, and the control group included 48. The patients of the main group underwent comprehensive treatment of local purulent complications using modern technologies (plasma scalpel) and dressings with hydrogel Argacol. The control group was treated with traditional bandages with dioxomethyltetrahydropyrimidine and chloramphenicol.
RESULTS: The use of surgical wound treatment using a plasma scalpel and dressings with multifunctional hydrogel allows to accelerate the wound healing process by 2–3 weeks compared with the use of traditional techniques.
CONCLUSIONS: The application of the proposed tactics of providing specialized care to elderly patients with a fracture of the proximal femur allows for a significant (p 0.05) improvement in treatment results.
Clinical significance of the modified Hinchey classification of acute diverticulitis
Authors: Karpukhin Oleg Yu. , Shakirov Rais R. , Shakurov Aydar F. , Pankratova Yulia S.
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND: In recent decades, there has been a widespread increase in the incidence of diverticular disease by more than 10 times and an increase in the frequency of its complications in the range from 5 to 25%.
AIM: To present the clinical experience of implementing the classification of acute diverticulitis according to E.J. Hinchey (1978) modified by A.M. Kaiser (2005).
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The srudy considered the hospitalizations of 314 patients with complicated diverticulitis; the patients were divided according to the Hinchey’s classification into 6 groups depending on the complications.
RESULTS: This classification allows not only to stage the disease depending on the severity of the complications, but also to verify these complications with the results of X-ray computed tomography. The modern methods of their correction, which were applied in the Republican Clinical Hospital (Kazan), are given.
CONCLUSIONS: The widespread use of the classification by therapists, surgeons, coloproctologists, and emergency doctors will ensure timely and effective treatment tactics, predict the dynamics of the inflammatory process, and manage the flow of patients with this pathology.
Quality of medical care for patients with arterial hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus in outpatient medical organizations
Authors: Kuznetsova Olga Yu. , Moiseeva Irina E.
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND: The course of arterial hypertension and diabetes mellitus depends on the medical care quality since its poor provision increases the risk of unfavorable outcomes. Identifying and analysing defects in the management of such patients is an urgent task.
AIM: To assess the medical care quality provided to patients with hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus on an outpatient medical organizations.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The assessment of the medical care for patients with hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus in outpatient medical organizations in St. Petersburg and the Leningrad region was carried out by analyzing primary medical records for 175 cases.
RESULTS: The quality of medical care is recognized as appropriate only in 25% of the cases. The errors in collecting information were the most common (95% of the cases of poor quality medical care): in cases of hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus no information about the course of the disease, previous treatment, risk factors, anthropometry, ophthalmoscopy or referral to an ophthalmologist; neurological examination and assessing cognitive functions - in the patients with hypertension; foot examination – in the patients with diabetes. The most common defects of the examination included the absence of lipidogram, uric measurement and electrolyte levels in hypertension, determination of albuminuria in diabetes mellitus, electrocardiography and echocardiography. Diagnosis errors were detected in 7–15% of the cases, treatment defects — in 33–53%.
The information collection error is the most common defect in case of the patients with hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus, which is comparable with the previously published data.
Treatment errors mainly consisted in the absence of lifestyle modification recommendations necessary for the treatment of hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus since these measures reduce the risk of complications and improve the prognosis.The revealed defects in medication therapy were comparable to the previous data and consisted in the appointment of insufficient doses of medications and in the use of monotherapy in the presence of indications for combination therapy.
CONCLUSIONS: The assessment of the medical care revealed an insufficiently high level of outpatient medical care for the patients with hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus, which requires a detailed analysis of the causes for future prevention.