bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical Audit on Record Keeping Standards at a Specialized Out-patient Child Psychiatry Service in Sri Lanka
Authors: De Silva Rajaratne P. K. D. H. J. L. , Wijesiriwardane R. M. , Peiris B. D. J. V. , Dahanayake D. M. A.
Published: January 2023

Background: Accurate and up-to-date patient records are essential to ensure high standards of clinical care and achieve professional standards from a medico-legal perspective.
Objectives: This clinical audit aimed to investigate record keeping practices including documentation of the evaluation, execution of management plan and confidentiality of record organization.
Methods: Paper-based clinical records of 250 outpatients were reviewed randomly using an evaluation form.
Results: Although the confidentiality of record organization and execution of the management plan were satisfactory, serious concerns were identified regarding the documentation of evaluation.
Conclusions: The audit showed current record-keeping deficiencies, highlighting the need for record-keeping procedures and policies.
Two cases with postintubation tracheal stenosis after COVID-19 pneumonia
Authors: Yankov Georgi , Alexieva Magdalena , Yanev Nikolay , Mekov Evgeni
Published: January 2023

Only a small percent of all intubated SARS-CoV-2-positive patients survive because of the development of severe respiratory and multiorgan failure. The development of tracheal stenosis after orotracheal intubation or tracheostomy is a dangerous complication with gross consequences for the patient and medical staff. Endoscopic interventional procedures could be used in simple tracheal stenosis and surgical resection and anastomosis are reserved for complex stenosis or after unsuccessful endoscopic treatment. We present two cases with tracheal stenosis as a complication of prolonged intubation in COVID-19 survivors which was diagnosed up to 6 months after discharge. Clinical management and surgical techniques are also discussed.
Near-death experiences and the change of worldview in survivors of sudden cardiac arrest: A phenomenological and hermeneutical study
Authors: Zingmark Hans , Granberg-Axell Anetth
Published: January 2023

Near-death experiences (NDEs) can occur during episodes of unconsciousness from life-threatening conditions, such as sudden cardiac arrests (SCAs). This study is based on interviews with patients who had an NDE. The interviews were analyzed with phenomenological hermeneutical method for their lived experiences and the meaning for the view of life and death. Four participants were interviewed 10 weeks after their NDE. Four themes emerged: being on the other side, in another dimension; not dreaming, this is a real experience; being in a non-physical condition without my body; and comparing views of life and death before and after the NDEs. The participants described the NDEs as an experience of another realm as non-physical in nature and existing beyond space and time. This study shows that this experience of another state of being, through the lived experiences of NDEs, gave the participants an entirely new meaning on life and death. To them, death was no longer viewed as an end but a passage into something else and that life continues after death. This realization instantly changed their worldview.
Incidental gall bladder cancer in the laparoscopic treatment and magnetic resonance imaging era: A single institution experience
Authors: Yong Zhou , Ang Li , Wen-Zhang Zha , Xu-Dong Wu , Ren-Gen Fan
Published: January 2023

Background:

Incidental gall bladder cancer (IGBC) is often discovered unexpectedly in patients after cholecystectomy. Currently, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been widely applied in the pre-operative diagnosis of gall bladder diseases as laparoscopic cholecystectomy developed into the preferred method.

Aims and Objectives:

This study aimed to evaluate the pre-operative MRI application and laparoscopic management in the IGBCs.

Materials and Methods:

Between January 2011 and January 2020, a total of 7917 patients with gall bladder diseases treated by laparoscopy were enrolled in this study.

Results:

Amongst 49 patients diagnosed with IGBCs, the incidence of IGBCs in polypoid lesions, biliary pancreatitis, cholecystitis, cholecystocholedocholithiasis and gall bladder stones was 0.42%, 1.19%, 0.62%, 1.20% and 0.49%, respectively. MRI evaluation showed more remarkable pre-operative imaging as compared to ultrasonographic evaluation (40.8 vs. 26.5, P < 0.05). Furthermore, 14 patients were diagnosed with gall bladder cancer through intraoperative histological examination and 11 received laparoscopic extensive resection after cholecystectomy. MRI findings with diffuse thickening of the gall bladder detected IGBCs with 6.1% sensitivity, 96.02 specificity, 0.95% positive predictive values and 99.4% negative predictive values; diffuse thickening of the gall bladder with suspicion of malignancy detected IGBCs with 12.2% sensitivity, 99.1% specificity, 7.6% positive predictive values and 99.5% negative predictive values; focal thickening of the gall bladder detected IGBCs with 16% sensitivity, 99.8% specificity, 32% positive predictive values and 99.5% negative predictive values; moreover, suspicious lesion detected IGBCs with 6.1% sensitivity, 99.6% specificity, 8.8% positive predictive values and 99.4% negative predictive values.

Conclusions:

Patients with biliary pancreatitis and cholecystocholedocholithiasis have a higher incidence of IGBC. MRI evaluation could provide more accurate information for the IGBCs, which should be recommended for patients accepting cholecystectomy. MRI findings exhibited an unsatisfactory sensitivity when detecting IGBCs, but they represented high specificity. Pre-operative MRI evaluation and intraoperative histological examination may help some IGBCs to achieve one-stage laparoscopic extensive resection.
Classification of generalized Einstein metrics on three-dimensional Lie groups
Authors: Cortés Vicente , Krusche David
Published: January 2023

We develop the theory of left-invariant generalized pseudo-Riemannian metrics on Lie groups. Such a metric accompanied by a choice of left-invariant divergence operator gives rise to a Ricci curvature tensor, and we study the corresponding Einstein equation. We compute the Ricci tensor in terms of the tensors (on the sum of the Lie algebra and its dual) encoding the Courant algebroid structure, the generalized metric, and the divergence operator. The resulting expression is polynomial and homogeneous of degree 2 in the coefficients of the Dorfman bracket and the divergence operator with respect to a left-invariant orthonormal basis for the generalized metric. We determine all generalized Einstein metrics on three-dimensional Lie groups.
Turnpikes in finite Markov decision processes and random walk
Authors: Piunovskiy Alexei Borisovich
Published: January 2023

В данной статье мы пересматриваем магистральное свойство для дисконтированных марковских процессов принятия решений, доказываем магистральную теорему для модели без дисконтирования и применяем полученные результаты для специфического случайного блуждания.
Return on Investment Analysis for Improved Energy Efficiency in
Passenger Cars
Authors: Zietlow David C.
Published: January 2023

Energy efficiency investment is commonly thought to be poor for business. The
analysis presented here uses current cost data to demonstrate that there is
plenty of room to improve the energy efficiency of cars from the current 25.7
miles per gallon (mpg) or 20%. Investing in the optimum yields an excellent
return of over 22% on the owner’s investment in the improved efficiency. A model
for the initial cost of a car was developed to accurately predict (within 10%
for the majority of over 90% of the data for gasoline and hybrid cars) the
initial cost as a function of power output and fuel efficiency. Minimizing total
life cycle costs produces an optimum fuel efficiency ranging from 62 mpg to 82
mpg (48% to 64%) as gasoline prices vary from $5 to $10 per gallon,
respectively. The higher efficiencies result in fuel savings with corresponding
reductions in greenhouse gas emissions. Therefore, investing in energy
efficiency is not only a good business decision, but it also makes for a more
sustainable future.
Copyright protection of video games: a comparative study
Authors: Farmaki Despoina
Published: January 2023

The legal nature of video games in terms of copyright is hard to determine. Video games are highly interactive multimedia that are made up of individual elements that are the ‘product’ of creative effort and expertise. Video games are also complex multimedia works that combine video, music, art and characters. There is a debate on which work is qualified to be copyright protected: is it the video game as a whole or the individual elements of it? To question further, under which category of protected works should they be classified? This article will shed light on the above considerations by employing a combination of doctrinal and comparative analyses. European and national legislation and case law will be analysed, with particular emphasis on four national jurisdictions: Germany, France, Greece and the UK. The article discusses the divergent opinions among academics, national and European case law, and will suggest that copyright registration of video games would provide more clarity.
Regulations for Protecting Workers in Industrial Clusters – and Food Safety Protection
Authors: Diep Nguyen Trong , Ngoc Huy Dinh Tran , Dinh Trung Nguyen , Anh Thu Nguyen
Published: January 2023

This paper aims to focuses on studying current situation of food safety and Related Regulations for protecting workers in industrial clusters- And Food Safety Protection. By using description, qualitative analysis including synthesis and inductive methods, This study finds out that according to regulations, The Minister of Health, the Minister of Agriculture and Rural Development, and the Minister of Industry and Trade shall promulgate national technical regulations and specific regulations on conditions for ensuring food safety for production establishments, produce and trade in food in the areas it is assigned to manage.
An Observational Study to Validate the Relationship Between Hypertensive Retinopathy and Dehaprakruti
Authors: Telrandhe Namrata  , Telrandhe Atul  , Sharma Gopal
Published: January 2023

What is good for health and what is to be avoided is very important to stay healthy and this acceptance and rejection is depends on our own constitution i.e., Dehaprakruti as the Prakruti of the individual is unique. Netra is supreme Dhyanendriya among all the five and it is very important as we acquired all the knowledge primarily through Netra. Hypertensive retinopathy is the retinal vascular damage caused by hypertension. Prompt and accurate diagnosis of hypertensive retinopathy, especially when associated with malignant hypertension is necessary to avoid visual loss and systemic morbidity. Knowing owns constitution enables us to understand the function of one’s entire life and dictates the form of the body and also it contains one’s balance point as well as one’s tendencies towards disease. This study will be helpful to deal with patients of hypertensive retinopathy and also to overcome its complications by giving appropriate patients education regarding proper Ahar, Vihar, Dinacharya and Ritucharya according to Dehaprakruti. So we undertaken the study entitled as “An observational study to validate the relationship between hypertensive retinopathy and Dehaprakruti.” In the study already diagnosed 90 patients of Hypertensive retinopathy as per inclusion and exclusion criteria of age group 40-70 yrs were taken. Prakruti Parikshan of the patients done with the help of questioner’s. In the study maximum 95.55% patients had essential hypertension. It was observed that maximum 64.44% patients were of Vatapitta Dehaprakruti followed by 22.22% that of Vatakapha Dehaprakruti but no any significant association was found in between grades of hypertensive retinopathy and Dehaprakruti. It was also found that visual impairment occurred in maximum 68.89% patients out of which maximum 45 patients were of Vatapitta Dehaprakruti and significant association was found between hypertensive retinopathy and Dehaprakruti.
A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial of Vijayadi - Vati on Kashtartava (Primary Dysmenorrhoea)
Authors: Sharma Upasana  , Sharma Sushila  , B. Pushpalatha  , Dave H. Hetal
Published: January 2023

Nowadays Primary dysmenorrhea has become one of the commonest complaints in adolescent girls. Dysmenorrhea is a term which is being used for the condition where women may suffer from pain during menstruation. Studies from India reported the prevalence range from 50 to 87.8%. Aims: It was hypothesized that Ayurveda formulations- Vijayadi-vati and Ashwagandha choorna possesses properties like; Vata-kapha shamak (pacifies Vata and Kapha), Shothahara (anti- inflammatory), and Balya (Potent rejuvenator and antioxidant) can be given as oral therapy in primary dysmenorrhoea. Setting and design: this clinical study was an open randomized controlled study, based on a total of 30 clinically diagnosed patients, with Kashtartava (Primary dysmenorrhoea) in the age group of 16-30years from OPD/IPD of Prasuti & Stree Roga Dept. of National Institute of Ayurveda, Jaipur along with consideration of inclusion and exclusion criteria. Methods and material: there were two groups in this trial; In Group A: patients were treated with Vijayadi Vati and in Group B with Ashwagandha Choorna orally before meals for two consecutive menstrual cycles. The treatment was started seven days before the due date to keep the uniformity. Follow-up was done after the completion of the course of trial drugs fortnightly for 2 consecutive menstrual cycles. This study was approved by the Institutional ethical committee with no. F10(5)/EC/ 2014/7228. Statistical analysis used: Mann-Whitney Test was used for comparison in the effect of trial drug between subjective parameters of two groups. Results and Conclusion: Significant improvement was seen in symptoms in both groups, Comparing the symptomatic improvement in both groups it was found that the Average percentage of relief was higher in ‘Group A’ i.e., 67.78%, followed by ‘Group B’ i.e., 60.44%. The result was encouraging with marked relief and No any Adverse Drug reaction was recorded in any group during and in the follow-up period in the present clinical study.
An Observational Study of Vataja Hridroga in Correlation with Electrocardiographic Changes
Authors: Anil Popat Parekar
Published: January 2023

Diagnosing a disease is far important before initiating the treatment. Different important and involuntary functions are regulated by different Dosha, Dhatu and Oja, which are situated in the heart. Hridroga is disease of Marma and is life threatening. However emphasis is given to explore the possibility of inclusion of electrocardiogram a bedside investigating tool as a support to existing Pramanas and Rugna pariksha. In accordance with the World Health Organization, India accounts for one-fifth of these deaths worldwide especially in younger population. So the study aimed at comprehension of electrocardiographic changes in patients suffering from Vataja Hridroga as mentioned in Charak samhita, Sushruta Samhita, Ashtanghridaya and their specific correlation. 100 patients were included in the study and their symptomatology with electrocardiographic changes was observed. Vata Pradhan Kapha-Pitta Anubandha observed in in 38% patients, Vata Pradhan Kapha Anubandha observed in 34% patients, Keval Vata Pradhanata observed in 23% patients, Vata Pradhan Pitta Anubandha observed in 5% patients. This Kapha-Pitta Anubandha indicates its contribution in Srotorodha Pradhan and Avaranatmak Samprapti. Dosha vitiation and Anubandha causes various pathological changes in Hridaya like Shotha, Paka, Srotorodh thereby leads to specific changes in electrocardiogram. Significant correlation between two were observed.
Management of Dysmenorrhea due to Ovarian Endometrioma w.s.r to Vatika Artavadushti by Ayurvedic Regime - A Case Report
Authors: Rozina Sheikh  , Hetal H. Dave  , Poonam Choudhary  , Nalini Das  , Monika Kumari
Published: January 2023

Endometriomas are cystic lesions that stem from the disease process of endometriosis. Ovary is the most common site for endometriosis (60-70%) and dysmenorrhea is its commonest manifestation. Dysmenorrhea means painful menstruation. Therefore in Ayurveda this condition can be correlated with Vatika Artavadushti as painful menses (Vata vedana) is mentioned as one of the main characteristic feature of it according to Acharya Sushruta. Hereby, reporting a case of 24 year old unmarried female who visited Prasutitantra and Striroga OPD at National Institute of Ayurveda, Jaipur. Main Clinical Findings: Patient presented with the complaints of painful and scanty menses along with vomiting and fever during menstrual days since 1.5 years. Patient also added that she was having dark brown colored menses. Ultrasonography dated 03rd December 2021 suggested bilateral enlarged ovaries with small left ovarian endometrioma. Diagnosis: On the basis of these clinical presentations and ultrasonography findings patient was diagnosed with Ovarian Endometrioma and was further correlated with Vatika artavadushti as mentioned in Ayurveda classics. Intervention: As vitiation of Vata dosha is main causative factor for all these symptoms, treatment of same was of prime importance. Ashtang Sangraha while explaining the management of Vatika Artavadushti have mentioned Kashmarya-Kshudrasaha Ksheerapaka as one of the treatment modality. Hence it was taken as the drug of choice. Outcome: After 2 months of treatment an ultrasound was repeated which showed no any impression of Ovarian Endometrioma. Conclusion: Kashmarya-Kshudrasaha Ksheerapaka is found effective in the management of Ovarian Endometrioma. The purpose of this study is to report the potential of Kashmarya-Kshudrasaha Ksheerapaka in the management of painful menses due to ovarian endometrioma along with its effect on dark brown colored and scanty menses with special reference to Vatika artavadushti.
Nirmali (Strychnos Potatorum linn.) A Precious Plant- A Review
Authors: Priyanka  , Ramesh Chandra Tiwari  , Ved Bhushan Sharma
Published: January 2023

Ayurveda is one of the oldest health-care systems. The ancient Vedic literature contains scattered allusions to Ayurvedic remedies and other aspects of medicine and health. The vast majority of Atharvavedic knowledge is related to Ayurveda. One of Ayurveda's eight divisions, Agad Tantra, focuses on the identification of poisons, different poisons from the mineral, plant, and animal kingdoms, as well as artificial poisons made from toxic drugs and their treatment. Nirmali (Strychnos potatorum Linn) is one of a Vishagna (non-toxic) plant mentioned by Acharya Charak in 4th chapter of Sutrasthana in Charak samhita. Nirmali is a widely growing medium sized medicinal plant of Loganiaceae family. Seeds of Nirmali (Katak) have been used for the purification of water. This plant has contributed various pharmacological actions in the scientific field of Indian systems of medicine like Nirmali (Strychnos potatorum) seeds are alexipharmic, lithotriptic and cures strangury, head diseases etc., Roots of Nirmali cure leukoderma whereas fruits are useful in eye diseases, thirst, poisoning, and hallucinations. The fruits are emetic, diaphoretic, alexiteric etc. It contains a variety of phytochemical constituents such as a alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, lignins, phenols, saponins, sterols, and tannins. This review article of Nirmali (Katak) plant is going to provide brief information about its modern view.
Multivariate Analysis of Tridoshagna Varga of Sidhhamantra Nighantu
Authors: Parul Anand  , Bhupesh R Patel  , V J Shukla  , Deepak Garg
Published: January 2023

Sidhhamantra Nighantu is one such unique lexicon which has a chapter named as Tridoshaghna Varga which enlists the drugs which pacify one, two or all the three Doshas i.e., Vata, Pitta and Kapha. Drugs pacifying all the three Doshas are unique in their Rasa Panchaka in terms of specific combination of Rasa, Guna, Virya and Vipaka. The Tridoshaghna concept and this chapter both stand unique and hence the present chapter was selected for its exploration through multiple correspondence analysis. Materials and Methods: All the relevant information about the drugs like their Botanical identity, family, Rasa, Guna, Virya and Vipaka of Tridoshaghna varga was collected with the help of previous and successive texts of Sidhhamantra Nighantu. The collected information was subjected to multiple correspondence analysis. Result: The chapter Tridoshaghna Varga enlists several substances of herbal origin, metallic/mineral origin and animal origin. MCA revealed that the combination of Sheeta Virya and Madhura Vipaka with the combination of Tikta and/or Katu Rasa can be the best properties for Tridoshaghna action in majority diseased conditions. Conclusion: The study data should be considered while clinical practice by clinicians and further studies should be carried out on the nutritional foods included in the chapter for better understanding of Aahara (nutritional herbs) as well as Aushadha (medicinal herbs) for Tridoshaghna action.
Review on Plants Used in Siddha Formulation Vatha Siletpana Sura Kudineer for the Management of Viral Fever
Authors: Vidhya Milano Prasad
Published: January 2023

Siddhars said about various diseases and the treatment methods with herbs, minerals and animal products. In Siddha literatures viral fevers can be compared to Vatha Kapha Suram and therefore decoction for this Suram is taken from classical Siddha text book and the ingredients are searched for pharmacological activity and toxicity study from 118 published journal papers from Pubmed, Scopus, Google Scholar, Research Gate and Science Direct. Collected data is entered in MS excel and analysed using RFC score. All together there are 51 pharmacological activities are published for these nine ingredients. In which Anti-inflammatory has RFC=1, other properties like antipyretic, anti-tussive, bronchodialator, anti-asthmatic, analgesic, neuro-regenerative, neuroprotective, anti-diarrhoeal, anti-emetic, neuroprotective, analgesic, sedative has more than 0.55 RFC score. More than this cardioprotective, renoprotective, hepatoprotective, and other protective properties are present in more than 50% of ingredients. In toxicity studies no toxic effects are seen in in vivo studies for the ingredients The Suvai, Thanmai, Pirivu, in Siddha aspect, of these ingredients can highly reduces Vatha and Kapha disorders. Therefore, the decoction shows significant pharmacological activity for the sign and symptoms of viral infections.
Pharmacological Basis of Similia Similibus Curantur and the Nature of Homeopathic Materia Medica
Authors: Rajaganapathy Lingeswaran  , Jayakumar Mohan
Published: January 2023

Similia Similibus Curantur is also called the law of similars. That is, when a drug produces pathological/pathogenic symptoms in healthy individual means, the same drug can relieve similar kinds of symptoms in individuals with the disease. The biological, pharmacological and toxicological action of capsaicin alkaloids is a perfect example to explain the Similia Similibus Curantur principle. Most of the drugs in homoeopathic materia medica contain toxicological, pharmacological, drug-proving, and traditional use-related symptoms and indications. Abnormal sensations and symptoms of the disease are caused by the involvement of a specific receptor or molecular pathway and gene functions. These receptors or molecules may be stimulated or suppressed by environmental, natural or artificial agents. In such conditions, the administration of specific homoeopathic medicine having a similar kind of affinity towards the particular receptors or molecules involved in the disease process leads to modulation of such receptor or molecular pathways (e.g., desensitization, sensitization, inhibition). These kinds of actions cause the betterment of symptoms or curative effects. So “Similia similibus curanter” can be understood as a similar receptor or molecular pathway involved in both drug molecules biological/ pharmacological and toxicological action and disease pathogenesis". The selection of medicine is by comparing the similarity between the receptor or molecular pathway in disease pathogenesis and drug pathogenesis. To avoid unwanted aggravations or side effects while using mother tinctures or solutions, administer them less than their physiological dose. The theory of the pharmacological basis of Similia Similia Curantur creates a rational method to apply this Similia Principle. Based on this theory, there is a possibility of discovering Novel drugs in the future that acts and gives a cure in similia similibus curantur way.
Profit Optimization and Production of Maesa Cake and Bakery Shops with Linear Programming-Simplex Method
Authors:   Economics and Business Faculty, Bhayangkara Jakarta Raya University, Panday Rorim , Anggaina Mira ,   Economics and Business Faculty, Bhayangkara Jakarta Raya University
Published: January 2023

The need for cake as a complementary food at various events causes the demand to increase. This increase has an impact on the production level that will be produced with the aim of increasing profits. The production process is related to the allocation of the right raw materials to be efficient, so that maximum profits will be obtained. This study aims to analyze the maximum profit of the Maesa Cake and Bakery Shop, Permata Legenda Branch. There are two types of products sold in this shop, namely Banana Bolu (X1) and Banana Bolen (X2). The research method used is linear programming which is solved by the simplex method and the use of the POM For Windows application. The data obtained is observational data by meeting the shop owner directly to be interviewed. The process of calculating the simplex method is carried out using Ms. Excel with several completion steps, starting from creating a simplex table, entering the coefficients of the objective function and constraints, looking for key columns, key rows, and key numbers, until the last step is achieving positive coefficients generated in the objective function row. The final result obtained is the process of the iterations carried out. Apart from using Ms. Excel, researchers also use the POM for Windows application. Use both software to find the maximum profit to be achieved. So it is found that the maximum profit that can be obtained in one day by the Maesa Cake and Bakery Branch of Permata Legenda is IDR 270,000.00; by producing 5 units of Banana Bolu and 50 units of Banana Bolen.
Prevalence and Trends of Transfusion Transmitted Infections among Voluntary Blood Donors in a Blood Bank of Tertiary Care Hospital in Nagpur, 2017-2021
Authors:   (MBBS student-2nd year) NKP salve institute of medical science and research centre, Digdoh hills, police Nagar Nagpur. 440019, Maharashtra, India., Mendhe Vaibhav Vinod , Dongre Dr. Trupti ,   (Assistant Professor, Pathology) Department of Pathology, NKP salve institute of medical science and research centre Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.
Published: January 2023

Background: Blood transfusion is an effective treatment that saves millions of lives. Nevertheless, transfusion transmitted infections (TTIs) are a major problem. The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence and trends of TTI in healthy blood donors in tertiary care hospital blood banks and compare it with national data and other studies in different regions. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2017 to December 2021 in healthy donors aged between 18 to 65 years. TTIs tests were performed using CLIA (Chemiluminescent Immunoassay) for HIV, HBV, HCV, and HBsAg, and RPR (Rapid Plasma Rea-gin) for syphilis. Results: Of the 12,193 normal healthy donors enrolled in this study, 124 (1.01%) donors were sero-reactive to various TTIs. Of the 124 donors, 11 (0.09%) were seropositive for HIV, 13 (0.106%) for HCV, 95 (0.7%) for HBsAg, and 5 (0.04%) for VDRL. There were no reactive donors for malaria. The most common age group for sero-reactivity was 21–30 years (50.8%) of all seropositive donors. Conclusion: The overall positive rate for all test combinations for TTI showed a steady trend with a gradual decrease from 2017 to 2021. We should raise public awareness and target people in their 21s to 30s, and contribute to safe blood transfusion.
The Effect of Profitability, Leverage, Firm Size, and Related Party Transactions on Tax Avoidance with Earnings Management as a Moderating Variable
Authors:   Mercu Buana University, Jakarta, Indonesia, Firmanzah Adetiya , Marsoem Bambang Santoso
Published: January 2023

The aims of this research is to examine and analyze the effect of Profitability, Leverage, Firm Size and Related Party Transactions on Tax Avoidance with Earnings Management as a moderating variable. The population in this study were food and beverage sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2018 – 2021. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling so that a total of 188 research samples were used in this study. The data analysis technique used in this study is panel data regression and moderated regression analysis. The results of the analysis show that Leverage and Related Party Transactions have a significant positive effect on Tax Avoidance, Firm Size has a significant negative effect on Tax Avoidance, and Profitability has no effect on Tax Avoidance. Earnings Management as a moderating variable is able to moderate the effect of Profitability, Firm Size, and Related Party Transactions on Tax Avoidance. However, Earnings Management cannot moderate the effect of Leverage on Tax Avoidance
Study The Effects Of Various Wind Loadings In High Rise Rc-Framed Structures In Zone –V
Authors:   Department of Civil Engineering, Birsa Institute of Technology Sindri, Dhanbad – 828123, India, Yadav BD , Choudhary Nilesh ,   Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM), Dhanbad-826004, India
Published: January 2023

The construction of high-rise buildings, both residential and commercial, is increasing. Every structural designer must be aware of the forces such as earthquake and wind effects. Every engineer is challenged to provide stability and strength for loads such as lateral forces (wind and seismic loading). That is why wind loading has become one of the most important issues in high-rise buildings. Lateral loads are crucial for drift; therefore, drift must be considered for high-rise structures. This research work focuses on the effects of various wind loads on high-rise structures with the provision suggested in IS 875(part 3):2015 and for seismic load using IS code 1893(part1):2016. For the study, four irregular plan building is used with G+20 story in seismic zone V and terrain category II with a basic wind speed of 44, 47, 50, and 55 m/s that is analyzed and designed using the structural analysis software tool STAAD Pro. The bending moment, shear forces, story displacements, story shear, and story drift are analyzed on every level of height on the building, and the results are compared with them.
The need for Stroke code and Thrombectomy in Pakistan
Authors: Hassan Tanvir Ramzi  , Khurram Mohammad Shehryar , Manzoor Sana
Published: January 2023

Stroke is one of the oldest studied medical illnesses, but it remains the second leading cause of mortality worldwide. The yearly mortality rate is over 5.5 million (1). However, in Pakistan, the estimated annual incidence of stroke is 250/100,000 or 350,000 cases; with the bulk occurring in the middle-aged. Due to a lack of information about the illness and its treatment choices, hundreds of individuals die each year, and an even more significant number live with a lifelong disability (2).
If determined to be ischemic, stroke is treated immediately with an intravenous injection of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator, r-tPA, which is the standard gold treatment, according to guidelines, as long as the patients are transferred to a stroke unit within 4.5 hours. Thrombectomy, stents, surgery, and other medicines are also used (1).
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A new role of SGLT-2 - treatment of IgA-nephropathy?
Authors: Syeda Zeenat Sahar Junaid  , Muhammad Muntazir Mehdi Khan  , Henna Fatma
Published: January 2023

Sodium Glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2) paved their way into traditional science books less than a decade ago as a new class of drugs treating diabetes. However, the ongoing discovery of their ever-widening array of uses shows that we are still yet to tap into their full potential. SGLT2 inhibitors or the “gliflozins” selectively target SGLT2 co-transporters in proximal tubules of the nephron. The inhibition reduces the renal threshold for glucose reabsorption, resulting in glucosuria and lowering blood glucose levels. They have added benefits in kidney and cardiovascular outcomes in diabetics. These positive reno-protective effects are not just exclusively for diabetic patients- non-diabetic chronic kidney disease (CKD) may benefit from gliflozins.
Ig-A nephropathy (IGAN) is the most common glomerulonephritis worldwide. There is no population-based prevalence in Pakistan, but various centres have reported a prevalence between 2-20.83%(1).A multitude of drug candidates have been investigated to halt disease progression, including RAAS inhibitors, steroids and immunosuppressants, but have not shown significant utility.
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Kerangka Pengajaran Kelas Berbalik Seni Arca
Authors: Ihwan Noor Afzan , Abindinhazir Muhammad Zainuddin , Hashim Amir
Published: January 2023

Kaedah pengajaran guru yang interaktif dan berpusatkan murid penting bagi menarik minat murid dalam memahami sesuatu topik. Tujuan kajian ini adalah untuk menghasilkan satu kerangka pengajaran kelas berbalik bagi mata pelajaran seni arca. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Penghasilan kerangka pengajaran kelas berbalik seni arca ini akan dilaksanakan dalam tiga fasa, pertama fasa analisis keperluan, fasa reka bentuk dan pembangunan dan fasa penilaian. Reka bentuk dan pembangunan kerangka pengajaran kelas berbalik akan disahkan dan dinilai kebolehgunaanya oleh pakar guru yang dilantik melalui kaedah teknik kumpulan nominal (NGT). Penghasilan kerangka pengajaran kelas berbalik seni arca ini diharapkan mencapai matlamat untuk membantu guru dalam menginovasikan dan menyesuaikan kaedah pengajaran Pendidikan Seni Visual mereka.
MANIFESTASI GEGAR BUDAYA TOKOH UTAMA FILM “MANTAN MANTEN” DALAM TINJAUAN ANALISIS WACANA KRITIS
Authors: Rinugroho Dewangkoro
Published: January 2023

Film “Mantan Manten” merupakan film drama romansa dan rilis pada bulan April 2019. Film ini menjadi menarik karena pengemasannya sebagai film romansa, baik dari poster hingga trailer, namun secara bersamaan memiliki fokus kuat dalam segi kebudayaan. Dan dalam ceritanya, tokoh utama dari film “Mantan Manten” mengalami perubahan drastis dan mengalami gegar budaya. Penelitian ini ingin melihat bagaimana wacana gegar budaya dapat divisualisasikan dalam adegan film serta tujuan adanya wacana gegar budaya dalam sebuah film arus utama dengan genre drama romansa. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan metode analisis wacana kritis. Kemudian melihat aspek mise-en-scène  berupa setting, tata busana dan tata rias, dan akting untuk melihat bagaimana wacana gegar budaya ditunjukkan secara visual. Hasil analisis kemudian akan dikritisi dengan melihat fungsi dan tujuan wacana gegar budaya pada film drama romansa film “Mantan Manten”. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat 21 scene yang memiliki unsur gegar budaya didalamnya; 7 scene melalui praktik diskursif, 13 scene dengan praktik diskursif, dan 4 materialisasi wacana. Wacana gegar budaya dalam film “Mantan Manten” lebih banyak dimanifestasikan secara visual melalui akting tokoh, dengan setting dan tata rias dan busana sebagai penguat. Wacana gegar budaya dalam film memiliki fungsi sebagai penggerak narasi dengan tujuan memperlihatkan budaya jawa dukun manten secara lebih dekat dan personal melalui proses tokoh utama dalam menjadi dukun manten. Gegar budaya dalam film ini digunakan sebagai konflik sekunder dalam batin tokoh utama yang hadir dari konflik utama antara Iskandar dan Yasnina, dan sebagai wadah agar film “Mantan Manten” dapat mengisi pengetahuan mengenai budaya jawa ke khalayak umum.
Effect of Policy Network Legitimacy on Policy Process Outcomes in the Road Transport Sector in Nairobi City County, Kenya
Authors: Ombagi Cornelius , Minja David , Muna Wilson
Published: January 2023

Purpose: The legitimacy of a policy network is an important factor in determining the success of a policy process. It can help to ensure that the policy process is conducted in a transparent and accountable manner, and that the decision-making process is based on sound evidence and effective consultation. It also ensures that the policy process outcomes are based on consensus rather than on the interests of any particular group, builds trust between stakeholders and the government, which can help to ensure that the policy process is implemented effectively as well as help to enhance public participation in the policy process, which can lead to better policy outcomes. Given the limited empirical focus of the previous studies on the role of policy network legitimacy in achieving policy process outcomes, this study sought to establish the relationship between the two.

Methodology: The study adopted a descriptive design. The target population of the study was 470 policy actors in the road transport sector within Nairobi City County out of which 407 were sampled to respond to the questionnaire and 45 were sampled to participate in focused group discussions as well as key informant interviews. The sampling approach adopted was a purposeful sampling procedure. A mixed methodology was adopted whereby both quantitative and qualitative data was collected through structured questionnaires, Key Informant Interviews and focused group discussions. The quantitative data was analyzed through descriptive statistics that is mean, frequencies and percentages as well as regression analysis. On the other hand, qualitative data was analysed through thematic analysis and reported in a narrative format.

Findings: The study established that the level of policy network legitimacy in road transport sector within Nairobi City County, Kenya was very high and this was associated with a significant improvement in the policy process outcomes.

Recommendations: The study recommends a need for an increase public participation by the policy makers in the transport department in Nairobi City County, Kenya. The study also recommend establishment of clear guidelines and rules for the policy network that all members must follow to ensure accountability. The study also recommend a transparent process for the policy network as well as promotion of accountability by ensuring all members of the policy network are held accountable for their actions.
CRIMINOLOGÍA MEDIÁTICA Y POPULISMO PUNITIVO EN LA FUNCIÓN LEGISLATIVA DEL PERÚ
Authors: MAMANI CHIPANA LUCERO DANITZA , CHOQUEMAMANI MURILLO LIDIA , MAMANI MANZANO FRANCISCA , ARIZACA MAMANI MARIAN ANGELICA , VILCA VALENCIA PERCY OLIVER , CHAMBI SANCHEZ JUAN DAGOBERT , PILCO HUANCA ADA DELFINA , RIVERA CATARI LUZ CLARA , MAMANI CONDORI VICTOR
Published: January 2023

La criminología mediática y el populismo punitivo son instrumentos para el legislador, prueba de ello son los proyectos de ley que expresan esta realidad problemática en nuestro país. Objetivo: Determinar la situación de la criminología mediática y el populismo punitivo en la función legislativa del Perú. Metodología: Estudio de tipo no experimental, descriptivo y exploratorio; se analizaron 126 proyectos de ley presentados durante el periodo de octubre 2021 a octubre del 2022. Resultados: De los proyectos revisados un 34, 9% presenta indicios de criminología mediática, 45, 2% pretende incrementar la pena, 48,4% busca incluir agravantes, 38, 9% procura penalizar nuevas conductas. Conclusión: Es evidente la presencia de la criminología mediática y populismo punitivo en la función legislativa en el Perú, sin embargo es necesario recordar que además del legislador, la elaboración de proyectos de ley se realiza con participación de asesores, personas capacitadas que finalmente debieran presentar proyectos de ley de calidad, tomando en cuenta la problemática detallada en el presente estudio, a fin de reducir el uso de estos mecanismos que crean una idea de solución onírica para hacerle frente al crimen.
Informatization of Civil Proceedings in Poland. Conclusions de lege lata
Authors:   University of Wrocław, Center for Research on Legal and Economic Problems of Electronic Communication, Faculty of Law, Administration and Economics (Wrocław, Poland), Gołaczyński Jacek
Published: January 2023

The informatization of civil proceedings is regulated in Poland by the use of several instruments pertaining to various aspects of civil procedure. The author presents the most relevant instruments and their major provisions in the context of what may be called ‘normal’ circumstances and also as they were amended to suit the needs of the judiciary during the COVID-19 pandemic. Submission of pleadings via the dedicated ICT (information and communication technology) system of the courts is presented, as is the electronic delivery service meant to facilitate the service of procedure and the communication of procedural documents in Poland (especially in the future). The rules applicable to open hearings and recording of hearings, as well as their transmission, are presented. The relatively novel rules on the taking of electronic evidence and on rendering an ‘e-judgment’ are also referred to.
Case Study Discovering the Potential for Algorithmic DecisionMaking on Setting GDPR Fines
Authors:   Corvinus University of Budapest (Budapest, Hungary), Mike Nimród
Published: January 2023

Administrative fines for GDPR infringements are growing rapidly in number, yet companies are presented with an opaque process on how these fines are issued by the data protection authorities (DPAs). In particular, one principle described within the guidelines issued by the European Data Protection Board (EDPB) requires a case-by-case assessment, which is potentially offsetting the automation of administrative fines in the future. This paper is challenging this principle through algorithmic arguments. The suggested approach has its benefits in terms of scalability. Yet, this approach may well receive funded critics due to potential clashes with other principles.
Non-litigious Proceedings under the Jurisdiction of the Court in Hungary
Authors:   Pázmány Péter Catholic University, Faculty of Law and Political Sciences, (Budapest, Hungary), Suri Noémi ,   Ferenc Mádl Institute of Comparative Law (Budapest, Hungary)
Published: January 2023

The objective of the study is to present the regulation of non-litigious electronic proceedings placed in the jurisdiction of courts, applicable in Hungarian civil procedure. The author examines such procedures in the fields of electronic company registration, insolvency procedures, and the registration of non-governmental organizations.
Lajos Takács: A Hungarian Lawyer's Life in 20th-Century Transylvania
Authors:   Sapientia Hungarian University of Transylvania, Department of Law, (Cluj-Napoca, Romania), Veress Emőd ,   University of Miskolc, Faculty of Law, Department of Commercial Law (Miskolc, Hungary)
Published: January 2023

Lajos Takács was born in Transylvania, a multi-ethnic region, at the time (before 1918/20) part of Kingdom of Hungary and later part of Romania. He finished his studies in law in what was by that time Romania, given that the university centre of Transylvania, Cluj, had become part of Romania. He was a young lawyer of good ability, gifted with political and social sensitivity. After 1945, he found himself in the service of the emerging dictatorship because he certainly believed that the time had come for a solution to the question of nationalities, for reconciliation, equality, cooperation, and friendship between Romanians and Hungarians. In this capacity, however, he contributed to the dismantling of Hungarian institutions and organizations, most notably – as rector – to the forced merger of Bolyai University into Victor Babeş University. Instead of reconciliation, the system was characterized by the oppression of minorities. Takács, in his old age, realizing his mistakes, became an opponent of the regime and of Ceauşescu. In the 1980s, during the darkest period of the dictatorship, he died without the hope that some of his former dreams would come true.
Human and Technical Aspects of Content Regulation
Authors:   Eötvös Lóránd University, Faculty of Law, Gosztonyi Gergely
Published: January 2023

Facebook had 2.8 billion users in 2020, and the company generates four petabytes of data a day. In addition to the legal regulation, one pays less attention to the issues of human moderators and artificial intelligence although the classification of content is done by them through the combined use of artificial intelligence and human intervention. Together they are the first line of defence in the war on unwanted content. The solution is probably not a decision between human moderation and moderation by artificial intelligence but for using them jointly in the future.
Publicity and Data Protection during Criminal Proceedings
Authors:   University of Pécs, Faculty of Law, Doctoral School, Szabó András
Published: January 2023

The need for public access to criminal proceedings increased in Europe at the end of the eighteenth century. It was clear at the time that the public has the same interest as the offender, and it acts as a means of control. Therefore, the need for publicity was not an issue. But the world has changed a lot in the last 200 years. The interest in criminal cases has increased, often becoming a national or even international interest. But the data that become known to the public often have adverse consequences for both the offenders and the victims. It makes the problem even worse that the media reports on crimes are rarely objective. In my study, I am looking for answers to the questions as to what problems publicity may cause and how these problems could be avoided without undermining the principle of publicity.
Registration Procedures “Reloaded”, or a Progress Report about the Effective Regulation on the Registration of Civil Society Organizations
Authors:   Ferenc Mádl Institute of Comparative Law, Budapest, Suri Noémi
Published: January 2023

Since June 2017, the Hungarian regulation on the registration of NGOs has become one of the instruments of the “rule of law duel” between the European Commission and Hungary. In July 2017, the Commission opened infringement proceedings against Hungary under Article 63 TFEU and articles 7, 8, and 12 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights. Moreover, in its 2020 Rule of Law Report, the Commission expressed serious criticisms about constructive engagement with civil society organizations in Hungary. The new Civil Code harmonized the general rules on the operation, management, and supervision of civil society organizations with the provisions applicable to companies.1 In recent years, several (mostly critical) comments have been made in the legal literature on the promotion of dispositive regulation. Based on the above, the aim of the present study is to explore the existing legislation on the registration of NGOs, in the framework of which the legal status of NGOs will be clarified, and the related regulations of recent years – namely, Act CLXXXI of 2011 on the court registration of NGOs and the related procedural rules and Act CLXXV of 2011 on the freedom of association, non-profit status, and the operation and support of civil organizations – will be analysed.