bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Results of Technology Foresight in the Surface Engineering Area
Authors: Dobrzańska-Danikiewicz Anna Danuta , Dobrzański Leszek Adam , Sękala Agnieszka
Published: October 2014

The article presents the strategic positions of 140 critical materials surface engineering technologies. Critical technologies are such having the best development prospects and/or key significance in industry for the assumed time horizon. For the purpose of preparing forecasts and analyses, expert studies were carried out comprised of three stages with the e-Delphix method. The strategic positions of the technologies were expressed with numbers and entered into the matrix of strategies for technologies consisting of 16 fields.
Transient States of Cyclic Production Planning and Control
Authors: Krenczyk Damian , Skołud Bożena
Published: October 2014

The method for determining dispatching rules for transient phases, based on designation of a local dispatching rule for steady state, which determines the rest of its components has been presented in the paper. The algorithm for determining the transient rules has been presented and dependencies resulting from the presented sufficient conditions have been formulated. For the proposed transitional-rules generation algorithm the simulation model has been prepared. Simulation experiments to verify the correctness and effectiveness of the presented method have been conducted. The experiments have been prepared for input data describing the production system and the production order. In the verification process Enterprise Dynamics computer simulation system has been used. The results were compared with the results obtained for transitional phases realized through the S0 state of the production system.
Determination of Optimal Working Parameters of the Combined Burnishing - Turning Process by Applying the Method of Response Surfaces
Authors: Chirita Bogdan , Brabie Gheorghe , Mustea Gheorghe
Published: October 2014

The turning followed by burnishing is used like a combined process by using a combined tool having incorporated a turning tool and a burnishing system. This process is applied after different machining operations in a single hybrid process and can lead to the following advantages: the improvement of the part surfaces quality and to an important reduction of the costs and manufacturing times. The part surfaces quality obtained by applying the above mentioned process is influenced by a lot of factors, the most important among these being the working parameters. In the present paper there are presented the results concerning the determination of the optimal working parameters in order to obtain a high quality of the machined surfaces by applying the Response Surfaces method. The obtained results were verified by experimental tests and confirmed the efficacy of the method applied to optimize the results of the burnishing-turning combined process.
Quality Planning of Parts Machine Production Based on Housing of Cylinder Head Milling Machines
Authors: Misztal Agnieszka , Bachorz Sebastian
Published: October 2014

Taking care of entrepreneurs for full compliance of the products with the requirements and expectations of the customer and the relevant regulations and standards begins in the product design phase. The next important step is to design manufacturing technology. The result of this process, together with the criteria relating to the assessment and acceptance of the results of each operation is a quality plan. The subsequent results of the products realization depend on the awareness of entrepreneurs and their serious approach to quality planning. This article is an example of a tabular quality plan for the production of housing of cylinder head milling machines for the metal. It is the result of a project realized for the machines production company. It has developed the table form, which was completed in cooperation with a technology team and based on existing technology cards. The article includes a fragment of a quality plan covering various manufacturing operations of the machine production. The example of a quality plan to produce the parts machine confirms that it is possible to clearly identify the different stages of production with a guarantee which the company declares its customers. It can be proved that the production takes place in supervised conditions. There were also specified the necessary human and technical resources, documentation and records and most of all space and criteria of measurement and sizes relating to the acceptance or rejection of results of production stages.
Lean Manufacturing Benefits in a Pharmaceutical Production Plant
Authors: Sîrbu Daniel , Băișan Cristina Elena
Published: October 2014

Various Lean developments and related matters have been accomplished [1-7, etc.]. This paper attempts to stress on several main methods of Lean culture applied in Zentiva Romania pharmaceuticals production plant, such as: +QDCI, SMED, 5S, etc. A systematic analysis and development of adequate actions for solving the considered critical problem have been accomplished, based on the Lean manufacturing principles. The Lean tools applied in Zentiva Romania are being used to identify and eliminate wasteful steps in products and processes, increase the manufacturing capability and reduce cost, in order to remain competitive on the market, deal with fast transfers of new products and technologies, etc. An important result is the emphasize of the Lean methods implementation benefits, such as greater productivity, improved lead times, elimination of waste, innovation stimulation, safer work environment, better monitoring of the outputs etc.
Hybrid Skyhook-Stability Augmentation System for Ride Quality Improvement of Railway Vehicle
Authors: Harun Mohd Hanif , Abdullah W.Mohd Zailimi Wan , Jamaluddin Hishamuddin , Rahman Roslan Abd , Hudha Khisbullah
Published: October 2014

This paper is aimed to show the improvement of ride quality of railway vehicle with semi-active suspension systems. The dynamics of nine degrees-of-freedom (9-DOF) railway vehicle model is developed consists of a vehicle body, two bogies and four wheel-set. The disturbance considered is track irregularity which is modelled as a sine wave. The control algorithm for the semi-active suspension system is developed based on Stability Augmentation System (SAS) integrated with skyhook controller to reduce the effect of track disturbance. The performances of passive and semi-active suspension are compared by simulation using MATLAB-SIMULINK software. The results of the study show that the proposed controller is able to significantly improve ride quality of railway vehicle body. It is also noted that the additional ride control loop which is skyhook control is able to further improve the performance of SAS controller for the system.
LQG Control Design for Vehicle Active Anti-Roll Bar System
Authors: Zulkarnain Noraishikin , Zamzuri Hairi , Mazlan Saiful Amri
Published: October 2014

The objective of this paper is to design a linear quadratic regulator (LQR) and linear quadratic Gaussian (LQG) controllers for an active anti-roll bar system. The use of an active anti-roll bar will be analysed from two different perspectives in vehicle ride comfort and handling performances. This paper proposed the basic vehicle dynamic modelling with four degree of freedom (DOF) on half car model and are described that show, why and how it is possible to control the handling and ride comfort of the car, with the external forces also control strategies on the front anti-roll bar. By simulation analysis, the design model is validity and the performance under control of linear quadratic regulator (LQR) and linear quadratic Gaussian (LQG) controller are achieved. Both two controllers are modeled in MATLAB/SIMULINK environment. It has to be determined which control strategy delivers better performance with respect to roll angle and the roll rate of half vehicle body. The result shows, however, that LQG produced better response compared to a LQR strategy.
Performance Prediction of Inertial Auto-Reinforce Magnetic Flywheel Energy Storage Device Using Finite Element Magnetic Modeling
Authors: Akbar Ahmad Radikal , Awang Mokhtar
Published: October 2014

A new feature for flywheel energy storage device is proposed considering the deficiencies in former technology. This feature is introduced as auto-reinforce performance which means giving-back the kinetic energy for flywheel after speed-down occurred (as result of sudden loading). Auto-reinforce performance is an ability to recover the kinetic rotational energy which significantly keeps longer the stored energy of a flywheel device. This novel concept of flywheel is engineered by installing a number of Permanent Magnets (PM) in certain mounting. Hence, the magnetism configuration such magnetic strength, magnetic energy density, pole direction, geometry, and dimension are influential parameters to the mechanical performance. By practicing Finite Element Magnetic Modeling (FEMM), it is possible to predict some designed mechanical parameters such magnetic force and magnetic torque. Finally by evaluating these mechanical parameters, the key performance of this device such as percentage of energy reinforcement and percentage of discharge elongation can be predicted. The main ideas of this paper are: 1) presenting the development stages especially in design prediction using Finite Element Analysis (FEA) software; and 2) discovering the correlation of designed magnetic properties and mechanical parameters for prototyping references.
Pulleys' Axial Movement Mechanism for Electro-Mechanical Continuously Variable Transmission
Authors: Tawi Kamarul Baharin , Mazali Izhari Izmi , Supriyo Bambang , Husain Nurulakmar Abu , Che Kob Mohd Salman , Abidin Yusrina Zainal
Published: October 2014

Pulley-based continuously variable transmission (CVT) with Metal Pushing V-belt (V-belt) is a type of automotive transmission that is widely applied currently by many car manufacturers worldwide. Unlike the conventional automotive transmissions, in a pulley-based CVT with V-belt, the transmission ratio (CVT ratio) is changed continuously without the use of discrete gears. Instead, the CVT ratio is varied through the simultaneous axial movement of the primary pulley and the secondary pulley. By axially moving both pulleys simultaneously, the radius of the V-belt on both pulleys will be changed accordingly, resulting in the change of the CVT ratio. The existing pulley-based CVTs in the market use electro-hydro-mechanical (EHM) actuation system to change and to maintain the desired CVT ratio through the hydraulic pressure. However, the application of EHM actuation system leads to some disadvantages, particularly in term of the high power consumption from the engine needed to maintain the desired CVT ratio. This reduces the efficiency of the powertrain system, which eventually increases the fuel consumption of the vehicles. In addition to that, the existing pulley-based CVTs also use single acting pulley mechanism to axially move the pulleys for changing the CVT ratio. Therefore, the issue of V-belt's misalignment, which shortens the lifespan of the V-belt, is inevitable here. In this paper, the pulleys' axial movement mechanism that uses electro-mechanical (EM) actuation system is proposed. Consequently, the working principle of the proposal is described and its potential benefits are discussed.
Design of the Controller Cooling System of an Electric Vehicle
Authors: Rahman M.M. , Hua T.J. , Rahman H.Y.
Published: October 2014

As an effort in reducing the dependency on fossil fuel, efforts have been gathered to develop electric vehicle (EV) for the past decades. Technology of electric vehicles (EV) has been initialized in developed countries. However, the latter have different geographical and environmental conditions. Therefore, the system of EV cannot be utilized directly in this country. The controller of an EV functions by utilizing a potentiometer; supplying a certain amount of voltage from the batteries to the motor by driver’s force applied to the acceleration pedal. This action generates a huge amount of heat due to the internal resistance of the controller (e.g. potentiometer). In order for an EV to operate at optimum condition, temperature of the controller has to be maintained at a certain limit. Hence an effective cooling system is required to be designed to fulfill the above condition. The objective of this paper is to present the design of the cooling system for the controller of an electric vehicle (EV). Two types of cooling system namely liquid cooled plate heat exchanger and forced air cooled finned structure are designed and evaluated to assess the behavior of heat transfer as well as effects of heat transfer fluids and cooling system material towards the heat removal rate. Simulation using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) for both cooling systems has been carried out to have better understanding. CFD results are compared with some of the analytical results. The findings revealed that both systems are suitable to be implemented as EV controller cooling system in Malaysian Environment.
Hardware-in-Loop of Fault Detection System for Air-Fuel Ratio Control
Authors: Mohd Nordin Mohd Hafiz B. , Hassan Mohd. Khair B. , Soh Azura B. Che , Mohd Radzi Mohd Amran B.
Published: October 2014

Hardware-In-Loop (HIL) is a technique for control engineering testing which consists of two design parts, a real hardware design and a computer simulation design. In this paper, input signals can be obtained from the sensors while the output results of the engine combustions are generated from simulation based on mathematical model. The controller for Air-Fuel Ratio (AFR) is built to the hardware. Basically, testing using this method can reduce the cost and time-to-market in the development process. Once the real time simulation results satisfy the desired result, the design will be burned into the hardware controller and hence the system will be tested again. Both simulation and hardware results are then being compared. The main purpose for the HIL system is to develop new control algorithms as well as to control the effect of errors from sensors and engine combustion.
An Investigation of the Effect of 2T Oil Blend on Spark Ignition Engine Performance
Authors: Zahelem M. Nurhidayat , Rohana A. Siti , Jemily N. Haniza B. , Aris M. Amzari , Zain Shukri , Soid S. Nizam
Published: October 2014

This paper presents the results of an investigation on the effect of 2T oil blend on the performance of Spark Ignition (SI) engine. Three different types of 2T-oils; mineral oil, semi-synthetic oil and fully synthetic oil were tested according to blend ratio before the mixing process with fuel in the carburetor. In the experiment, a two-stroke single-cylinder engine was coupled to a 20 kW generator dynamometer to measure engine performance parameters; engine torque, engine power (B.P), brake thermal efficiency (BTE), brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) and brake mean effective pressure (BMEP) at various engine speeds with maximum engine load. The results show correlation between engine performances and 2T-oil blended as a function of type of 2T-oils used.
Interpolation Techniques in Computational Particle Tracking inside a Direct-Injection Diesel Engine Cylinder
Authors: Seng Lok Bee , Zuber Muhammad Ahmar , Mahmood Wan Mohd Faizal Wan , Abidin Zulkhairi Zainol , Harun Zambri
Published: October 2014

Radial Basis Function (RBF) interpolation and trilinear interpolation techniques are compared in the soot particle tracking inside the cylinder of a direct injection engine. The interpolation techniques are used separately in an efficient routine written in Matlab codes which is developed to track the movement or pathline of soot particles in the engine operation cycle ranged from inlet valve closing (IVC) to exhaust valve opening (EVO). Soot particles are treated as a massless body and in spherical shape which will move under the influence of bulk gases flow inside the cylinder. Movement of soot particles are examined through the selection factors of particle's initial coordinate (r,Ɵ,z) and soot concentration level at different instant crack angle. Results obtained from both interpolation techniques are compared and good agreement is achieved with some minor relative difference. However, RBF interpolation has wider applications potential where it can be applied to variety type of mesh geometry as compared to trilinear interpolation which is best used in mesh with hexahedral shape.
Assessment of Hand-Arm Vibration Exposure among Motorcyclist in Malaysia
Authors: Mohamad Darliana , Md Deros Baba , Daruis Dian Darina Indah , Khamis Nor Kamaliana , Tahir Nurul Hidayah Md
Published: October 2014

Motorcyclists are road users that highly exposed to hand-arm vibration that may contribute to body discomfort and fatigue that eventually will lead to road accidents and injuries. The two main objectives of this study are to identify the body parts that experience discomfort among motorcyclist and to understand the vibration exposure effect on different road types. In this study, two research methodologies were used; first, a survey questionnaire of 100 motorcyclists and second, an experimental study on hand-arm vibration (HAV) measurement exposed on motorcyclist using accelerometer mounted on the right side handlebars of the motorcycle. Two male respondents with a different weight range, 45-65 kg and >70 kg are selected for this experiment. The experiment was conducted on two different types of roads: tarmac road and pave road within a speed limit of 20-40 m/s2. Results of the study showed that the motorcyclist usually experienced body discomfort at lower back, upper back, wrist, buttock and neck area. The root-mean-square (r.m.s) frequency-weighted acceleration on the handlebars of the motorcycles was in the range of 0.07 m/s r.m.s for the tarmac road and 0.42 m/s r.m.s for the pave road. This value shows that different road type is affecting the vibration exposed to the motorcyclist. Clearly there’s a vibration felt by the motorcyclist but not on the degree of causing pain but a prolonged exposure to this vibration may induce discomfort and injuries.
Air-Gap Effect on Single Axis Vibration of Electromagnetic Braking Using Eddy Current on Bearing Cage
Authors: Baharom Mohamad Zairi , Nuawi Mohd Zaki , Ab-Rahman Mohammad Syuhaimi , Priyandoko Gigih , Nizwan Che Ku Eddy , Salleh Mohd Sazali
Published: October 2014

An electromagnetic braking system using eddy current experiment was conducted to study the behaviour of the system in terms of vibration. Brake disc used which is Al6061 has a displacement in z-axis direction which occurred because of the repulsive force generated on both sides of the disc as drag force from electromagnetic braking. This study aims to analyze the vibration behaviour when braking occurred in different initial speeds of DC motor and different air-gap cases. Smaller air-gap will produce high braking torque due to the increasing of magnetic field density. The higher the force generated, the vibration of the disc may illustrates different behaviour of the vibration in the structure. Test rig was developed using sensor of accelerometer and data acquisition of NI-DAQ with the use of Dasylab for the measurement and instrumentation purposes. Findings shows that the electromagnetic braking force generated in smaller air-gap between electromagnetic poles and rotating conductive disc during the braking using eddy current has damped the vibration occur in the structure of bearing cage.
Comparison of Hand-Arm Vibration on Truck Steering Wheels Based on Speed Changes Using I-Kaz Method
Authors: Aziz Shamsul Akmar Ab , Nuawi Mohd Zaki , Mohd Nor Mohd Jailani , Daruis Dian Darina Indah
Published: October 2014

Exposure to high levels of hand-arm vibration (HAV) from the steering wheels can present risks to health and safety to drivers. This study aim to do HAV comparison analysis on the Malaysian Army (MA) three-tonne truck steering wheels in three different speeds, when the truck is stationary with the engine switched on and when truck is moving at speed of 40 km/h and 80 km/h. HAV from the steering wheel were measured by using single axis piezoelectric accelerometer and was connected to Brüel & Kjær Vibration Analyser Type 3649, which is which is capable to produce tangential direction acceleration time discrete continuous raw data in units of meters per second squared (m/s2). The raw data were analyzed using statistical analysis I-kaz method to determine the HAV in relation to difference speed of the truck. Based on the results, HAV experienced by the drivers can be presented in frequency weighted HAVhwz, I-kaz coefficient (Z∞) and I-kaz display which the value will increase proportional to the truck speed.
Genetic Algorithm-Based Fatigue Data Editing Technique
Authors: Osman Mohd Haniff , Mohd Nopiah Zulkifli , Abdullah Shahrum , Asshaari Izamarlina
Published: October 2014

Durability testing is an essential process node in automotive component design analysis. The test associated with loading history can be accelerated if the fatigue data editing approach is considered for simplifying the given history. Even though they have been proven, unfortunately, the existing editing techniques involve complex mechanisms (e.g. abrupt detection, Fourier transformation and wavelet analysis), which are complicated in nature and which demand high computational costs. Therefore, this paper is a proposal of a simple technique that makes use of the rule-based fatigue segment classifier when deciding which parts of the history need to be removed. Rules representing the new labelling practice have been generated based on the classification data mining framework. In the context of this study, a rule set represents a group of undiscovered relationship between time domain statistical parameters and damage level. A dataset consisting of an equal length of fatigue segments trained using a multi-objective approach called the Elitist Non-dominated Sorting in Genetic Algorithm (NSGA-II) for seeking several optimal sets of rules (i.e., classifiers) by maximizing predictive accuracy and comprehensibility. The number of attributes underlying the rule set is referred to for final classifier selection where the fitter solution serves as the proposed editing technique. Comparison results on strain-stress cycle properties for the edited history and the full-length version shows that the proposed technique is suitable for fatigue data editing. Moreover, it has an additional benefit that no prior requirement on the frequency or time-frequency analysis is needed, providing the damage level of fatigue segments rapidly and the discovering of linguistic knowledge as a novelty.
Independent Torque Control of an Independent-Wheel-Drive Electric Vehicle
Authors: Ariff M.H.M. , Zamzuri Hairi , Idris N.R.N. , Mazlan Saiful Amri , Nordin M.A.M.
Published: October 2014

This paper focuses on designing a controller to enhance the traction and handling of an Independent-Wheel-Drive Electric Vehicle (IWD-EV). It presents a traction torque distribution controller for an IWD-EV in order to maintain vehicle handling and stability during critical maneuvers. The proposed controller is based on the Direct Yaw-moment Control (DYC) and Active Front Steering control (AFS) which intended to increase the handling and stability of the vehicle respectively by applying the yaw rate and the lateral acceleration as the control variables. The performance of the controller is evaluated by numerical simulations of two standard high speed maneuvers which are the double lane change (DLC) and J-Curve. The proposed scheme presents a new controller design for IWD-EV which can effectively improved the vehicle handling and stability.
Stability Studies of Water-in-Diesel Emulsion
Authors: Hasannuddin A.K. , Ahmad M.I. , Zahari M. , Mohd S.S. , Aiman A.B. , Aizam S.A. , Wira J.Y.
Published: October 2014

In general, water-in-diesel (W/D) emulsion reduces both particulate matter and nitrogen oxides gas emissions level in diesel engine application as compared of using conventional diesel fuel. W/D emulsion was usually produced by addition of water into the diesel fuel with a slight quantity of surfactant at high speed of propeller mixing. The studies examine the result of several aspects on emulsion stability. Investigated variables are type of surfactant, mixing speed and mixing time. Surfactant used are span 80 and many type of glycerines which have been derived from a corn oil, palm oil, soy oil, rice bran oil and sunflower oil. The results show that the type of surfactant gives a big impact on the stability period of the emulsion fuel. The higher mixing speed and less water percentage increase the stability period of W/D emulsion fuel. Optimum mixing time is 5 minutes for W/D emulsion fuel which using Span 80 as surfactant with mixing speed of 2500 rpm.
Crashworthiness Determination of Side Doors and B Pillar of a Vehicle Subjected to Pole Side Impact
Authors: Lilehkoohi A.H. , Faieza A.A. , Sahari B.B. , Nuraini A.A. , Halali M.
Published: October 2014

Pole Side Impact Test is one out of three crash tests described by Euro NCAP standard for star rating of a vehicle and is required for assessing the Adult Occupant Protection. In this paper the goal is to determine the crashworthiness of side doors and B pillar in a Pole Side Impact Test based on Euro New Car Assessment Program (Euro-NCAP) using computer and simulation method. In this matter, a vehicle model has been prepared and meshed using Hypermesh and CATIA. The velocity of 29 km/h has been assigned to the vehicle which was on top of a cart while the pole has been assigned as a rigid static object based on Euro NCAP requirements specifically. Results show that different amounts of energy will be absorbed by each part, such as the side doors and the B pillar, and each part has a different effect on the crashworthiness of the vehicle in a Pole Side Impact Test. It can be concluded that to increase the amount of absorbed energy in a Pole Side Impact Test, the part which has more influence should be taken into greater consideration.
Numerical Modeling of Air-Based Bus Seat
Authors: Tan Chee Fai , Liew K.F. , Khalil S.N. , Said M.R. , Chen W. , Rauterberg G.W.M. , Karjanto J. , Yau Z.T. , Tan B.L. , Lim T.L.
Published: October 2014

Travel with long hours will create discomfort feeling for passenger especially express bus passenger. Long hour travel will create physiological stress on passenger. It may due to seat space limitation, noise, vibration, seat hardness as well as seat comfort. Seat comfort is a subjective feeling that related to psychological aspect of passenger. In this project, the bus passenger seat is integrated with air-based and gel-based material. In Malaysia, most of the express coaches are using polyurethane foam based cushion in the seat padding. This type of the seat padding may cause a bus passenger who sit for long journey will feel uncomfortable and fatigue. There are two main causes which lead to seating discomfort which is vibration and pressure distribution on the seat. The new design a bus passenger seat is using air-based cushion to improve the seating comfort. The air-based seat was validated by using MatLab SimuLINK software. In the model validation process, the parameters of air cell height gave effect on the pressure change rate of air cushion model. The comfortable level of the air cushion could be improved by reducing the pressure change rate and cell height.
Impediments of Collaborative Relationships in Automotive SMEs in Malaysia
Authors: Awheda Abdulghadar , Rahman Mohd Nizam Ab. , Ramli Rizauddin , Arshad Haslina
Published: October 2014

The interests of various economies in improving and expanding the growth of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) have thrived for a few years, particularly in the automotive sector. Although there are several supporting programs, SMEs face a large number of issues in their operation and performance. One of the successful techniques towards achieving collaborative relationships and problem solving in SMEs is through supply chain integration. Many enterprises have realized the benefits of integration among supply chain members. Supply chain management has become an effective strategy for boosting competitiveness. However, there are a few reasons that put off automobile SMEs from completely performing supply chain management. This study combines literature and findings of a questionnaire analysis to urge facts and knowledge regarding the importance of supply chain management and challenges of automotive SMEs in enhancing their collaborative relationships and effectiveness through SCM. In addition, this study observed that top management, work culture and attitudes of staffs and technologies being traded are among the significant impediments to well-integrated relationship between SMEs. Finally, the study concludes that SMEs need to fully adopt SCM to meet potential advantages and control their performance.
Mirrorless Car: A Feasibility Study
Authors: Mohamed Ali J.S. , Fatin Bazilah F.
Published: October 2014

Mirrorless cars are the conceptual cars in which the mirrors which are used as a visual aid for safe driving are replaced with camera and LCD screens thus making it totally mirrorless. These cars without mirror projections will result in clean external aerodynamics thereby reducing considerable amount of drag and hence offers a high potential to achieve higher fuel economy in driving a car. The present study is a trial to test whether such a mirrorless car can create a better driving condition for the driver in terms of ergonomics, safety and comfortability. Thus the latest modern technology is fused in a Malaysian car model making it mirrorless with the cameras replacing mirrors and the dashboard was modified to install the LCD screens on it. The modified car was tested for its characteristics on safety, comfortability and ergonomics. The driver’s behaviour while driving the mirrorless car was studied extensively and numerous interesting conclusions were derived.
New Approaches in Tool Path Optimization of CNC Machining: A Review
Authors: Narooei Khashayar Danesh , Ramli Rizauddin
Published: October 2014

Computer numerical control (CNC) machines have been widely used in automotive manufacturing industries especially of machining operation in automotive part such as engine body and cylinder. One of the key features that improve efficiency of CNC machining is through the optimization of tool path. Previous researcher to optimize tool path has premeditated several approaches. This paper aims to provide a critical review of those approaches that have been developed in tool path. The developed tool path approaches covered different types of machining process under various constraints condition. This paper focuses on tool path generation in CNC machining such as milling and cutting process. Based on our finding, this review paper collects information on tool path optimization and recommends future research direction.
Modelling Behaviour for Magneto Rheological Motorcycle Suspension System
Authors: bin Ismail Mohamad Amiruddin , Muhamad Pauziah Binti , bin Abu Aminudin
Published: October 2014

This paper discusses the performance of Magneto-rheological (MR) for motorcycle suspension. Previous studies on the application of the MR fluids may improve the performance and decrease the vibration in systems such as building structure and automobile. The promising future of the application of MR has become the motivation for the present work. Hence, the MR motorcycle suspension system is designed to bring safety and comfort to both rider and passenger. The designed system is also contributed to the improvement of the handling ability to the vehicle. The effectiveness between the MR motorcycle suspension and the conventional passive system is demonstrated by computer simulation. The result showed that MR suspension system could eliminate external disturbance which obtain much better ride quality and handling performance to the motorcycle.
Fatigue Life Prediction of Leaf Spring through Multi Mean S-N Approach
Authors: Kong Y.S. , Omar Mohd Zaidi , Chua L.B. , Abdullah S.
Published: October 2014

Parabolic leaf spring is a suspension component for heavy vehicles where spring itself experiences repeated cyclic loading under operating condition. Fatigue life of the parabolic leaf spring is vital since the deflection of the spring is large and continuous. To determine the fatigue life of the parabolic leaf spring, material properties input to the design is important. The objective of this study is to predict the fatigue life of a parabolic leaf spring based on two different material grades which are SAE 5160 and SAE 51B60H under constant amplitude loading through various mean stress method. SAE 51B60H is the material with slightly higher carbon, manganese and chromium content compared to material SAE 5160. Chemical composition differences between SAE 5160 and SAE 51B60H have significant effects on the mechanical properties and fatigue life. In this analysis, finite element method together with multi mean curve stress life (S-N) approach has been implemented to estimate the fatigue life of the spring. Goodman, Gerber and Interpolate mean stress correction method were adopted to correct the damage calculation for mean stress. The results show that interpolate and Goodman method predict the fatigue life of the material with higher accuracy. On the other hand, material SAE 51B60H yields higher fatigue life compared to material SAE 5160.
Importance of Selecting a Suitable Analysis Frequency Range in Impact Force Identification for Automobile Test Rig
Authors: Yee Khoo Shin , Chao Ong Zhi , Kuan Kong Keen , Ismail Zubaidah , Tong Chong Wen , Noroozi Siamak , Abdul Rahman Abdul Ghaffar
Published: October 2014

In this study, the effectiveness of selecting a suitable analysis frequency range in impact force identification is highlighted. A methodology that utilizesOperating Deflection Shape (ODS) analysis, Modal Analysis (MA) and Modal Transformation Method (MTM) to evaluate the dynamic force in three cases of analysis frequency ranges was presented. These three cases are the over-estimated, even-estimated, and under-estimated cases, which consist of higher, similar andlower analysis frequency range respectively, compared to the actual excitation frequency range. The performance of this approach was demonstrated via experiment. A Perspex plate with four ground supports was used as the automobile test rig. By measuring the acceleration response and Frequency Response Function (FRF) of the test rig, the time history of unknown force was recovered by the proposed method where the impact location was known in advance. It showed that the force identification result for even-estimated case falls within acceptable range while the force identification result for over-estimated and under-estimated cases isnot acceptable
The Design of Heterogeneous Network Integration Gateway System Based on Multi-Threaded
Authors: Zhang Zheng Hua , Gu Jun , Zhao Yi Ming , Liu Ping
Published: October 2014

This paper mainly describes an iot gateway which has broad access capability of making the integrated communications among heterogeneous networks to be possible.The capability described above can set up multi-threaded execution,so that it can read,segment,extract,recombine,establish Socket and transmit the data which are collected by heterogeneous WSN to the serve through the way of the UDP transport protocol.And then realizing the perception of heterogeneous sensor network data terminal broad access, integration, processing, transmission, and finally realizing the perception network and transmission network connectivity.This paper will use this experimental method to show the final fusion of Intelligent transportation project in the induction system and the parking system.
Research on China Imaging Altimeter Planning Problem for Area Target Observation
Authors: Liu Ya Mei , Lv Cong Min , Wang Hong Fei
Published: October 2014

The China Imaging Altimeter (CIALT) mission planning problem has complexity constraints. Overlap observation play a role in area target observation. Based on the analysis, the space gird was constructed. A calculation method for coverage percentage based on grid space statistic is proposed. A mathematical model of mission planning is established. A solving method combines constraint propagation algorithm and greedy algorithm is proposed. An area target mission with one month’s observation period was planned. The results showed that the method realized the goal that maximizing area target coverage in the shortest possible time and form the unique planning results at same observation requirements. It is applicable to CIALT area target observation planning.
The Research and Application of Intimacy in Microblog
Authors: Ling Xiao Bin , Li Shu Qin
Published: October 2014

This article introduces the concepts of intimacy in psychology into the micro-blog for modeling the relations and recommending the close friends. Inspired by psychology, we measure the degree of intimacy between users in micro-blog through five factors: common friends, common concerns, frequency of forwarding information, frequency of sending message between users and user’s location. In the recommendation stage, we first determine the users whose value of intimacy with the target user are higher than others as the close friends, and then recommend the close friends with the same treatment to the target. In the experiment, we use the proposed intimacy relationship model to analyze the user data and information in Sina Weibo. Experimental results show that our method can obtain accurate users’ relations same as the distribution of real-world, and can make humane user recommendation similar to mutual referrals in real-world for the target.
Research on Feature Extraction and Optimization of Cashmere and Wool Fiber Based on Digital Image
Authors: Chen Heng , Liu Ya Xia
Published: October 2014

The identification of cashmere and wool fiber is one of the difficult problems in the textile industry. Three features including diameter, diameter shaft parameter and the density are extracted using MATLAB.Support vector machine is used to recognition the cashmere and wool fiber. The experiment shows that diameter is not a useful feature for recognition and density combined diameter shaft parameter is useful for differentiate them and recognition rate is 87.35%.
A Forecasting Research on Population Size of Jilin Province Based on Grey GM (1,1) Model
Authors: Wang Li Ying
Published: October 2014

The population size and structure is an important factor that affects economic and social development. In this thesis, MATLAB is used to build the relational graph between total population and year according to the total population in the statistical bulletin issued by Jilin Province Statistical Bureau; the grey GM (1,1) model is built with the population size between 2004 and 2013 as the original sequence; the statistical software SPSS18.0 is also used to solve grey GM(1,1) model and it is obtained that the total population in Jilin Province will grow slowly in the future ten years; finally, the rationalization proposal for controlling the population increase of Jilin Province is put forward.
A Tag-Based Improved LDA and Web Page Clustering Analysis
Authors: Chen Fang , Zhou Yan Hui
Published: October 2014

With the rapid development of Internet, tag technology has been widely used in various sites. The brief text labels of network resources are greatly convenient for people to access the massive data. Social tags allows the user to use any word ----to tag network objects, and to share these tags, because of its simple and flexible operation, and it has become one of the popular applications. However, there exists some problems like noise of tags, lack of using criteria, and sparse distribution etc. Especially sparsity of tags seriously limits its application in the semantic analysis of web pages. This paper, by exploiting the user-related tag expansion method to overcome this problem, at the same time by using the topic model----LDA to model the web tags, mine its potential topic from the large-scale web page, and obtain the topic distribution of the text to the text clustering analysis. The experimental results show that, compared with the traditional clustering algorithm, the method of based LDA clustering on the analysis of the web tags have a larger increase.
Design and Implementation Virtual Reality Systems for Vocational Education
Authors: Chen Jian Zhen
Published: October 2014

One of the main problems with virtual reality as a learning tool for vocational education is that there are hardly any theories or models upon which to found and justify the application development. This paper presents a model of virtual reality systems for vocational education. The essential components of the model: real environments, vocational, virtual reality system, interfaces, students, instruction team, and technology team. Metaphor is the core of our model, and one of the main advantages of metaphors is their potential universality.
Similarity Detection’s Application Using Chi-Square Test in the Property of Counting Method
Authors: Shan Shu Qian , Tian Zhi Gang , Guo Feng Juan , Ren Jia Xun
Published: October 2014

With the rapid development of higher education, students copying work is becoming increasingly serious.The purpose of this paper is:first, geting the count and frequency of attribute used in program, and second using Chi-square test method to get the similarity between programs. This method has very good results for teachers to detect plagiarism.
Conductor Galloping Prediction Method Based on MEMs 3D Dynamic Displacement Sensors
Authors: Zhou Zi Guan , Li Wen Jing , Wu Qing , Wang Yun Di , Liu Zhu , Zhen Yan
Published: October 2014

Existed conductor galloping can only analyze the real-time state. There is no effective method to predict the conductor galloping state and alarm if necessary in the future. In order to solve the above problems, a new conductor galloping method based on the MEMs 3Ddynamic displacement sensing network has been proposed and realized. The MEMs dynamic displacement sensor is used to sense the distributed galloping information. The low-power wireless sensor network is deployed to transmit data back to the host quickly and realize the centralized treatment. The three-degree freedom model is built to analyze multi-dimensional displacement in the horizontal, vertical and torsional directions. Finally, the conductor galloping is predicted and early alarmed by using measured information sensed by sensors, the calculated data by mathematical model and some key parameters of future weather. The method proposed in this paper has been validated in practice. The predicted trajectory after 2 hours and the actual conductor galloping trajectory are basically identical. The deviation is less than 0.03 meters. This method realizes conductor galloping prediction. It strongly supports the operation and maintenance management of the transmission Line.
Found Robust Calibration Model in Fermentation Process by Combining Different Sample Sets
Authors: He Zhong Hai , Wang Xin Pan , Ma Zhen He
Published: October 2014

Robust calibration model is the key factor for spectroscopic measurement. The commonly used way is build calibration model by crude samples collected from process. There are two deficiencies in fermentation processes in that: matrix effects variation always existed for different batch of fermentation and, chance correlation is sure existed which spoil robust of calibration model. In the research being presented, method of overcoming the weakness is examined. By combing the standard analyte and fermentation broth and spiking solvend, the calibration model can correlate specific spectral features only with the measured analyte concentrations so have good robustness.
Design and Implementation in Project Based Case Learning System for Education in Software Engineering
Authors: Jian Bo , Yang Cheng
Published: October 2014

Online Teaching is growing popular and popular and many universities and organizations offer online teaching courses, such as Coursera, Edx and udacity. Case based teaching as a new approach to construct knowledge hierarchy and it uses 'trigger' cases to stimulate interest in a particular area of the curriculum so it always has a better effect than ordinary method. Based on this situation, the main aim of this paper is to design a web-based case learning system for courses in software engineering. The system allows students play as different roles and study different types of cases in the software engineering field. Thus compared with common teaching method, this system can stimulate students’ interest and enhance students' understanding of software engineering.
Research of Information Integration for the Grid Panoramic Information Platform Based on SOA
Authors: Ding Ke , He Qi Yuan , Chen Gang
Published: October 2014

The development and construction of the smart grid require the efficient integration of the communication data of the grid enterprises, the optimization of operation and management of the grid. The paper introduces the characteristics and the requirements of the construction of the grid panoramic information platform, in allusion to the heterogeneous professional application system and the information isolated island phenomenon in power grid. The paper designs the panoramic information system frame based on the service oriented architecture (SOA) and proposes the schemes of the panoramic information integration and the information integration solution, providing a firm basic information platform for the unified management, production and operation and the forewarning decision of the smart grid.
The Research of BIM Theory Applied in Decision Making of Commercial Building Green Retrofit
Authors: Guo Li , Bu Shan Shan , Zhu Zhi Gang , Su Yan Fei , Liang Xin
Published: October 2014

This paper is focusing on the influence of BIM to the stakeholders’ decision making for the Commercial Building Green Retrofit. Firstly, the paper discusses the range of retrofit and how its stage should be determined, then, shows the related stakeholders of each stage should be fixed too, finally, this paper discusses the advantage of the BIM technology which applied in the Commercial Building Green Retrofit, and bring forth of the conclusion that BIM technology can make the decision of Green Retrofit more scientific and reasonable.
Electrical Marketing Application System Training's Auxiliary Means that Based on VBA
Authors: Wang Jin Liang , Zhang Hao , Zhou Meng Ting , Xu Jia Heng , Sun Lian Xi
Published: October 2014

In this paper, combined with trainees ' locking mistakenly or doing wrong with work order that others initiated and problems that teaching schedule and teaching quality is unable to control ,we use “Macro Program” and “Microsoft ODBC for Oracle” to develop the training auxiliary tools in the EXCEL' s circumstances by VBA programming technology and then we achieved the goal of the teaching results of closed-loop test and operation of information broadcast which is based on the working process.
Study of Crew Scheduling System for High-Speed Railway
Authors: Guo Bin , Zhou Lei Shan , Li Dan Dan
Published: October 2014

We discussed the crew scheduling rules for High-speed railway in China. These rules are mainly relates to crew members and railway operators. One of the aims to establish the rules is to protect the legitimate rights and interests of crew members, and the other is to reduce the operating cost as possible. The idea of biological evolution for engineering optimization problems has been developed for years, the applicability of different algorithms were compared to solve this problem. It shows that simulated evolution method is more applicable and then discussed the main steps of using method SE method to deal with this problem. Finally, based on the computer technology, we designed a prototype system.