bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Double-Positive Anti-GBM and ANCA Vasculitis: 2 Case Reports and Review of the Literature
Authors: Benhadda Selim , Nmili Manal , Nassiri Nada , Benamar Loubna , Ouzeddoun Naima , Bouattar Tarik
Published: January 2025

Double-Positive Patients (DPPs), characterized by the simultaneous presence of Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody (ANCA) and anti-Glomerular Basement Membrane (anti-GBM) antibodies, represent a rare subset in systemic vasculitis.
We present two cases of DPPs with renal involvement and review the existing literature to elucidate the clinical characteristics, histopathological findings, management strategies, and prognostic outcomes associated with this condition. Both cases exhibited renal involvement with rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis, requiring renal replacement therapy. Renal biopsies confirmed crescentic glomerulonephritis with features of both anti-GBM disease and ANCA-associated vasculitis. Management included high-dose glucocorticoids, cyclophosphamide, and consideration of plasma exchanges.
Double-positive ANCA and anti-GBM vasculitis pose challenges in management and prognosis. Further research is essential to improve therapeutic strategies for this rare and heterogeneous condition.
El Directivo como Agente de Cambio: Liderazgo Transformacional en el Desempeño Docente
Authors: Cajamarca González Mirian del Pilar , Pulig Lema Segundo Alejandro , Alcívar Zambrano Jacinta María
Published: January 2025

El desempeño docente y su relación con el liderazgo transformacional directivo constituyen elementos fundamentales para la calidad educativa. Esta investigación buscó determinar la relación entre el liderazgo transformacional directivo y el desempeño docente en el Distrito 09D02 de Guayaquil durante 2023. Se empleó una metodología cuantitativa con diseño no experimental, correlacional-transversal, aplicando un cuestionario validado a 225 docentes. Los resultados revelaron niveles predominantemente bajos en el desempeño docente (60,0%), con particular énfasis en innovación institucional (61,3%), motivación profesional (52,4%) y compromiso institucional (51,6%), mientras que la gestión pedagógica mostró un nivel medio (50,7%). El análisis de correlación de Spearman evidenció una relación alta y positiva entre el liderazgo transformacional directivo y el desempeño docente (rho=0,746, p<0,01). Se concluye que existe una relación significativa entre ambas variables, sugiriendo que el fortalecimiento del liderazgo transformacional directivo podría mejorar el desempeño docente. Los hallazgos fundamentan la necesidad de implementar estrategias para fortalecer el liderazgo directivo y promover el desarrollo profesional docente.
Countermeasures against bias and spoofing in modern facial recognition systems
Authors: Adeniyi Adedapo I  , Olushola Odejobi  , Taiwo Taiwo
Published: January 2025

Facial recognition systems (FRS) have become integral to modern security, authentication, and surveillance applications, driven by advancements in computer vision and deep learning. These systems promise unparalleled accuracy and efficiency, revolutionizing industries ranging from law enforcement to personal device security. However, their widespread adoption has exposed critical vulnerabilities, particularly bias and spoofing attacks. Bias in facial recognition stems from imbalanced training datasets, leading to disparities in recognition accuracy across gender, ethnicity, and age groups. These biases raise ethical concerns, compromise system reliability, and undermine trust in automated decision-making processes. Spoofing attacks, involving techniques such as mask-based or image-based impersonation, exploit system weaknesses to bypass security measures, posing significant risks to sensitive applications like financial transactions and border control. This research explores countermeasures to address these challenges, presenting a dual approach combining data-centric and algorithmic strategies. To mitigate bias, techniques such as dataset augmentation, adversarial debiasing, and fairness-aware learning are examined, ensuring equitable performance across diverse user groups. Anti-spoofing measures, including liveness detection, multispectral imaging, and adversarial training, are discussed to enhance system robustness against impersonation attempts. Additionally, the study highlights the role of explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) in fostering transparency and accountability in FRS. By integrating these countermeasures into system design, developers can build facial recognition solutions that are both secure and inclusive, balancing performance with ethical considerations. This research provides a comprehensive framework for enhancing the reliability and trustworthiness of modern facial recognition technologies.
Case report: Association of laser and magnetotherapy with iPRF for treatment of herniated disc
Authors: Palmerindo Antônio Tavares de Mendonça Néto  , Douglas Scott Johnson  , Dana York  , Dirceu Moraes Junior  , Carlos Stéfano Hoffmann Brito  , Daniel Ramos Gonçalves Lopes  , José Herculano da Silva  , Paulo Henrique Coelho Machado  , Mayara Magda Dantas Tavares de Mendonça
Published: January 2025

Lumbar disc herniation is one of the main causes of pain and disability, affecting 1% to 5% of the adult population, especially between 30 and 50 years of age. Conservative treatments include corticosteroids, anti-inflammatories, and physical therapy, with surgery being reserved for refractory cases. Surgical complications are possible, including pain and neurological sequelae. This study presents the clinical case of an extrusive disc herniation in a 49-year-old patient, treated with orthobiologicals (iPRF), superpulsed laser and pulsed magnetic field, resulting in symptom improvement and total remission of the hernial process confirmed by Magnetic Resonance Imaging. The association between a minimally invasive approach proved to be effective, suggesting the feasibility of using combined therapies to treat disc herniations with remarkable clinical improvement in two months, without surgical risks and hospital costs. The synergy between iPRF, superpulsed laser, and pulsed magnetotherapy promotes cell recovery and inflammatory modulation.
The Development of Trilingual Picture Dictionary for Elementary Students
Authors: Desrin Lebagi  , Moh. Abraham Akbar Eisenring  , Dwi  Putri  , Riskayani Riskayani
Published: January 2025

Currently, schools are encouraged to incorporate local content into learning activities. However, in some remote areas, the availability of supporting teaching materials remains limited, creating  a challenge to effective implementation. Therefore, this study aims to develop a trilingual picture dictionary designed for elementary students to enhance their vocabulary acquisition and language skills in three languages: English, Bahasa Indonesia, and Pamona. The dictionary serves as an educational tool to support multilingual education by providing visual aids and culturally relevant content that is accessible to young learners. A research and development (R&D) approach was employed, incorporating the ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation) instructional design model to systematically create and refine the dictionary. The stages of analysis, design, and development have been conducted, including the selection of eight themes, which were subsequently developed into a trilingual picture dictionary. However, the remaining steps of the model will be done in following research in the future.
More Random Than Not? A Review of the Logic of Inference in Experimental Public Administration
Authors: Maroulis Spiro , Jensen Ulrich , Won Youngjae , Hansen Jesper , Jacobsen Christian , Petersen Ole
Published: January 2025

The emphasis on causal inference within public administration research has spurred a proliferation of experimental studies, primarily due to the internal validity attributed to effects inferred from random assignment of treatment conditions. Still, many experimental studies include findings based not only random assignment, but also on a variety of other logics of inference. This study examines the logic of inference in experimental public administration. Drawing on a sample of experimental studies, we find that 57.5% of the findings rely solely on randomized inference, 18.8% involve an interaction between randomly and non-randomly assigned factors, and 23.7% are based on a logic unrelated to random assignment of a treatment condition. We further investigate how these “upstream” findings are interpreted in the “downstream” studies that cite them. We find that 77.4% of downstream citations use the upstream findings to support causal claims. Of those, 41.6% are not rooted in a logic based on randomization, suggesting a misalignment between the logic of inference underlying results and their utilization by citing researchers. This misalignment has important implications for the body of evidence relied upon for testing, developing, and refining theories central to public administration and management scholarship and is likely to worsen if not addressed
Salience in Email Recruitment
Authors: Lopoo Leonard , Bifulco Robert Bifulco , Patnaik Hannah , Haque Ashraf , Ashby Christine , Theoharis George
Published: January 2025

Text reminders and mailed flyers with behaviorally informed messages are regularly used in public sector communication. Mass email blasts are another inexpensive option to communicate with target audiences. However, email recipients have become habituated to “spam” in their email inboxes and frequently discard these messages before they read them, which is particularly true for young individuals. Thus, email may be less effective than other communication forms because they never reach their intended audience. This study examines which email format, a letter with university logos signed by a university official or an informational flyer with a photograph, is the more salient option when recruiting for a teacher training program designed for diverse, underrepresented students. Our findings show that emails in the form of an official letter from university officials were much more effective at increasing email openings and, subsequently, clicks on the program website link compared to email messages written as flyers. We also show that the initial emails sent in the fall were less successful at driving recipients to the information website than reminder emails sent around six weeks later.
HUBUNGAN BEBAN KERJA MENTAL DENGAN DEPRESI DAN CEMAS PADA PERAWAT ICU-NICU-PICU DI RS MITRA SEJATI
Authors: Sitepu Arneil , Siddiq Muhraza , Siagian Nurul Aini
Published: January 2025

Vibrio cholerae is a Gram-negative, anaerobic bacterium. Cholera is an intestinal infection caused by Vibrio cholerae or contact with a cholera carrier. Turmeric rhizome (Curcuma domestica Val) extract is known to have antibacterial properties. Active compounds such as flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids, and tannins in turmeric rhizomes have been shown to inhibit the growth of Vibrio cholerae. This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial effectiveness of turmeric rhizome extract (Curcuma domestica Val) against the growth of Vibrio cholerae in vitro. The research used a descriptive approach with experimental methods, conducted at the Microbiology and Organic Chemistry Laboratory, University of Sumatera Utara (USU). Extraction was performed using the maceration method. The study employed four different concentrations of turmeric rhizome extract: 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%. Data collection involved treating Vibrio cholerae cultures with the extracts and measuring the diameter of the inhibition zones using a caliper. Data analysis was conducted using ANOVA and a Post Hoc Bonferroni test. Results showed that the 100% concentration of turmeric rhizome extract was the most effective in inhibiting the growth of Vibrio cholerae, with a p-value of 0.000, an average inhibition zone diameter of 22.2 ± 0.49 mm, and a categorization of "susceptible" response.
 
AbstrakPenelitian ini mengeksplorasi hubungan antara beban kerja mental dengan tingkat depresi dan kecemasan pada perawat di unit ICU dan NICU-PICU di RS Mitra Sejati. Metode penelitian menggunakan desain deskriptif kuantitatif dengan pendekatan analitik. Sampel terdiri dari 44 perawat yang diambil secara total sampling. Instrumen meliputi kuesioner untuk mengukur beban kerja mental, tingkat depresi, dan kecemasan. Analisis statistik menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar perawat di ICU dan NICU-PICU memiliki beban kerja mental tinggi hingga sangat tinggi, dengan tingkat depresi dan kecemasan berat. Namun, uji korelasi spearman mengungkapkan bahwa beban kerja mental tidak memiliki hubungan signifikan dengan tingkat depresi (ρ=0,796) atau kecemasan (ρ=0,797). Hasil ini mengindikasikan adanya faktor lain, seperti dukungan sosial dan strategi coping, yang dapat memoderasi dampak beban kerja mental. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan pendekatan holistik untuk mengelola beban kerja, termasuk penguatan dukungan sosial dan program pengurangan stres untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan perawat.
Integration of artificial intelligence in national science curricula
Authors: Karampelas Konstantinos
Published: January 2025

This study investigates the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in national science curricula across 21 countries, including Australia, Cyprus, Estonia, France, Finland, Greece, Hong Kong, India, Iceland, Ireland, Nepal, New Zealand, Norway, Ontario (Canada), Poland, Singapore, South Africa, South Korea, Sweden, the United Kingdom, and the United States. By analyzing these curricula, the research identifies the presence of AI-related knowledge, skills, and attitudes, providing a comprehensive understanding of how AI is embedded in educational frameworks. The findings reveal a strong emphasis on practical AI skills, interdisciplinary knowledge, ethical considerations, and societal impacts, preparing students to thrive in an AI-driven future. This comprehensive approach highlights AI’s transformative potential in education. The study emphasizes AI’s role in fostering problem-solving skills and active learning, underscoring the need for practical AI applications and comprehensive teacher training in AI concepts. The analysis also identifies gaps in the explicit mention of “artificial intelligence” itself, suggesting a broader focus on related concepts. Notably, AI is not frequently mentioned explicitly in the curricula but is often approached under the umbrella of information and communication technology in relation to science. Recommendations for enhancing AI integration include comprehensive teacher training, continuous curriculum evaluation, and the inclusion of the ethical and societal implications of AI. This research provides valuable insights for educators and policymakers, highlighting the need for a well-rounded curriculum that prepares students for the future challenges and opportunities presented by AI technologies.
La importancia de escribir un buen resumen
Authors: Petrone Patrizio , Bejarano Mónica
Published: January 2025

Introducción. Un resumen convincente es la puerta de entrada a una investigación, por lo que a menudo determina si los lectores seguirán explorando un determinado trabajo o pasarán a otro. Un resumen bien elaborado también es crucial para las citas y la visibilidad, al ser la parte más leída y compartida de un artículo.
Métodos. Se hizo una revisión narrativa de la literatura disponible sobre el tema y se sintetizaron los aspectos más relevantes.
Resultados. Los resúmenes estructurados guían a los lectores a través de la investigación. Se divide en cuatro secciones claras: Introducción, Métodos, Resultados y Conclusión. Después de establecer el objetivo, el resumen debe describir brevemente los métodos utilizados durante la investigación. Luego se debe proporcionar una breve interpretación de los hallazgos y discutir sus implicaciones. Debe terminar con una breve conclusión que enfatice la importancia del estudio.
Conclusión. Un excelente resumen garantiza que una investigación llegue a la audiencia adecuada. Entre las cuatro secciones, los resultados son el corazón del resumen, por lo que deben ser claros y breves. Siguiendo los pasos aquí descritos, se podrá crear un resumen que sintetice de manera efectiva una investigación y haga su lectura más atractiva.
CARACTERIZAÇÃO DOS CURSOS DE MESTRADO PROFISSIONAL EM ENFERMAGEM NO BRASIL: UM ESTUDO BIBLIOMÉTRICO
Authors: Leite de Melo Filho Pedro , Kloh Khalaf Daiana , Gomes Cezario Roscoche Kariane , da Rocha Santos da Silva Marcus Vinicius
Published: January 2025

Introdução: Os mestrados profissionais em enfermagem têm contribuído na qualificação profissional dos enfermeiros, por meio do desenvolvimento de produtos e práticas a partir das necessidades dos serviços de saúde, onde esses profissionais estão inseridos. Objetivo: Caracterizar os cursos de mestrado em enfermagem na modalidade profissional no Brasil. Metodologia: Pesquisa bibliométrica realizada nos websites dos 24 programas de pós-graduação em enfermagem do país, modalidade mestrado profissional, entre maio e julho de 2023. Os dados foram organizados em uma planilha no Excel e analisados por estatística descritiva simples.  Resultados e Discussão: No quadriênio 2017-2020, observou-se um crescimento notável nos cursos de mestrado profissional, com destaque para as regiões Nordeste, Sul e Sudeste, onde foram estabelecidos sete programas. As regiões Norte e Centro-Oeste, por sua vez, apresentaram dois e um programa, respectivamente. Cada programa de pós-graduação se concentra em uma área específica, com ênfase no cuidado e abrange cerca de duas linhas de pesquisa.  Um programa enfatiza as práticas avançadas em enfermagem. Conclusões:  Os mestrados profissionais em enfermagem são essenciais para a formação profissional dos enfermeiros, além de contribuírem no campo da prática assistencial. As informações coletadas e discutidas proporcionam um panorama geral desses cursos, permitindo o fortalecimento e desenvolvimento de novos programas.
Extensive necrosis of neutrophils in a peripheral blood smear of a human as a negative prognostic factor for the outcome of viral infections (SARS-CoV-2 case study)
Authors:   Federal Research Center for Fundamental and Translational Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia, Zolotukhina N.S. , Miroshnichenko S.M. ,   Federal Research Center for Fundamental and Translational Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia, Subbotovskaya A.I. ,   Federal Research Center for Fundamental and Translational Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia, Voevoda M.I. ,   Federal Research Center for Fundamental and Translational Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia
Published: January 2025

Introduction. In patients with COVID-19 viral pneumonia, various abnormalities in the morphology of leukocytes were detected in a peripheral blood smear. The paper aimed to detect correlations between the morphology of leukocytes in the peripheral blood of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 and their prognosis. Materials and methods. We analyzed clinical information on 252 patients with COVID-19 and performed a morphological analysis of peripheral blood smears for 28 patients of them. The 28 patients were divided into three groups depending on the outcome. ROC analysis was used to search for key morphological predictive parameters.
Results. In patients infected with SARS-CoV-2, leukocytes undergo qualitative and quantitative changes including altered cellular morphology of all leukocyte lineages and massive cell death from necrosis, leading to the appearance of a large amount of cellular debris and immature leukocyte precursors in the blood. ROC analysis showed that necrosis of more than 14.6% of neutrophils in a peripheral blood smear taken on day 1 was a predictor of a fatal outcome within 1 year after hospitalization, whereas necrosis of both neutrophils and lymphocytes, with their numbers exceeding 15.0% and 16.1%, respectively, was a predictor of death in the hospital.
Conclusion. The recommended diagnostic criteria can be used to clarify short- and long-term prognosis.
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, leukocytes, neutrophils, necrosis, NETosis
Immunomorphological features of lichen sclerosus in initial and late stages
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russia, Nasyrov R.A. , Agafonnikova A.A. ,   Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russia, Peremyshlenko A.S. ,   Saint Luke’s Clinical Hospital, Saint Petersburg, Russia
Published: January 2025

Introduction. Lichen sclerosus is a chronic inflammatory disease of the skin and mucous membranes, combining degenerative changes in the epidermis and dermis. Histological examination is needed due to diverse nosologies with similar clinical manifestations. Early development stages of lichen sclerosus are characterized by nonspecific histological changes. However, some changes can serve as indicators for accurate diagnosis.
Materials and methods. The diagnosis was confirmed by typical clinical manifestations, medical history, and laboratory abnormalities. Biopsy samples were taken from early-stage lesions and recent rash sites. The patients were divided into two groups: group 1 consisted of patients with clinical manifestations of the disease lasting less than one year and group 2 included the patients who had symptoms for more than two years. Serial paraffin sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin as well as Van Gieson’s picric fuchsin. We performed immunohistochemical analysis using polyclonal antibodies against CD95 and monoclonal antibodies against CD31. We evaluated the findings of the immunohistochemical assay semi-quantitatively in each case for every marker. Morphometric analysis of microvessels was conducted, and the expression intensity was determined.
Results. We identified new extended criteria for the differential diagnosis of lichen sclerosus including the disease duration (the presence and prevalence of rashes, erosions, presence or absence of cracks), evaluation of the microcirculatory involvement, determination of the percentage of vascular damage, and the assessment of the severity of endothelial changes.
Conclusion. By means of morphological analysis, we determined the diagnostic criteria for early and late stages of lichen sclerosus. Our research results and literature data analysis showed that damaged vascular wall was the main and determining factor of lichen sclerosus pathogenesis.
Keywords: lichen sclerosus, histological analysis, immunohistochemical analysis, diagnostic criteria, vascular damage
ПІДГОТОВКА IT-ФАХІВЦІВ ДО СТВОРЕННЯ МОБІЛЬНИХ ДОДАТКІВ: ОГЛЯД АКТУАЛЬНИХ ДОСЛІДЖЕНЬ
Authors: Дємєнтьєв Євгеній , Шамоня Володимир , Семеніхіна Олена
Published: January 2025

Екосистема мобільних додатків – це динамічна сфера, що швидко розвивається і керується технологічним прогресом, потребами користувачів і зростаючою інтеграцією мобільних пристроїв у повсякденне життя. Розуміння принципів роботи платформ, підходи до розробки та принципів дизайну, орієнтованого на користувача, має важливе значення для IT-фахівців. Метою дослідження є аналіз актуальних досліджень щодо особливостей підготовки ІТ-фахівців до створення мобільних додатків. За результатами аналізу доведено, що створення мобільних додатків вимагає різноманітного набору навичок, який охоплює мови програмування, фреймворки, хмарні сервіси, інтеграцію API та управління базами даних. Обґрунтовано, що створення мобільних додатків вимагає структурованого підходу, що забезпечує якість, ефективність та задоволеність користувачів. Коротко подано ключові методології розробки, їх відношення до створення мобільних додатків та інструменти, що використовуються для полегшення процесу. Охарактеризовано тестування для забезпечення якості в розробленні будь-якого мобільного додатку. Розглянуто кар'єрний розвиток та обґрунтовано важливість безперервного навчання для IT-фахівців, які займаються створенням мобільних додатків. Показано, що підготовка IT-фахівців вимагає особливого підходу для ринку мобільних додатків, який охоплює як формальну освіту, так і постійний розвиток навичок в неформальних умовах.
ФОРМУВАННЯ МЕДІАГРАМОТНОСТІ МАЙБУТНІХ УЧИТЕЛІВ В ПРОЦЕСІ ВИВЧЕННЯ УКРАЇНСЬКОЇ МОВИ ЗА ПРОФЕСІЙНИМ СПРЯМУВАННЯМ
Authors: Підгурська Валентина , Голубовська Ірина
Published: January 2025

Стаття присвячена дослідженню ролі медіаграмотності у процесі вивчення дисципліни «Українська мова за професійним спрямуванням» у закладах вищої освіти. Окреслено важливість формування навичок критичного мислення та аналізу інформації, що є необхідним для сучасного інформаційного середовища. Проведено аналіз змісту поняття «медіаграмотність» на основі наукових джерел і запропоновано авторське визначення цього терміна. Авторки статті пропонують практичні завдання, які спрямовані на формування медіаграмотності в майбутніх педагогів. Представлені завдання охоплюють як теоретичні, так і практичні аспекти, включаючи роботу з різними видами медіа, оцінювання достовірності інформації та створення власного медіаконтенту. Особлива увага приділяється використанню критичного мислення для аналізу інформації щодо мовного законодавства, оцінювання достовірності джерел, а також розпізнавання маніпулятивних технологій у медіапросторі. Запропоновані завдання мають на меті не лише покращити знання студентів із мовного питання, а й розвинути навички свідомого сприйняття медіаконтенту, що є актуальним у сучасному інформаційному суспільстві. Авторки аналізують сучасні підходи до викладання медіаграмотності через призму мовних стилів, пропонують ефективні завдання та підкреслюють значення відповідального ставлення до інформації, поваги до авторських прав та розуміння соціальних наслідків використання медіа. Пропоновані завдання мають практичну спрямованість і орієнтовані на формування навичок ефективного професійного спілкування, критичного осмислення інформації та її відповідності етичним і мовним нормам. Розкривається значення поєднання риторичних прийомів із сучасними медійними інструментами для створення переконливих презентацій та формування культури ділового спілкування. Окремо наголошується на важливості дотримання етичних норм у цифровій комунікації та засвоєння принципів грамотного електронного листування. З’ясовано, що практичні завдання на формування медіаграмотності сприяють розвитку комунікативної компетентності здобувачів, здатності адаптуватися до інформаційних викликів сучасного суспільства, а також підвищенню якості освіти в умовах цифрової трансформації.
ПІДПРИЄМНИЦЬКА КОМПЕТЕНТНІСТЬ В ОСВІТІ ЛІКАРЯ-СТОМАТОЛОГА: СИСТЕМАТИЧНИЙ АНАЛІЗ ЛІТЕРАТУРИ
Authors: Шинкевич Денис , Шинкевич Вікторія
Published: January 2025

Стаття розглядає впровадження компетентнісного підходу в освіту, зокрема в медичні та стоматологічні навчальні програми, з акцентом на підприємницьку компетентність. З початку 2000-х років, зокрема після вступу України до Болонського процесу, система освіти зазнала значних змін, орієнтуючись на розвиток практичних навичок та компетенцій, необхідних для успішної кар'єри у різних сферах. В рамках медичної освіти, зокрема в стоматології, важливу роль відіграють не лише технічні знання, а й підприємницькі навички, зокрема фінансовий менеджмент, маркетинг та управління стоматологічною практикою.
Зокрема, в Україні, з розвитком "Нової української школи" та нових стандартів освіти, підприємницька компетентність поступово інтегрується в освітні програми медичних закладів. Однак, дослідження показують, що більшість викладачів і практикуючих стоматологів в Україні недостатньо досліджують підприємницьку складову в своїй педагогічній діяльності, зокрема в аспекті економічного аналізу лікування, використання медикаментів та технологій.
Стаття також акцентує на важливості розвитку навичок м'якого спілкування (soft skills), які, поряд з підприємницькою компетентністю, допомагають стоматологам ефективно взаємодіяти з пацієнтами та колегами. У міжнародному контексті зростає увага до таких навичок у навчальних програмах, що відповідає вимогам сучасного стоматологічного бізнесу. Дослідження вказують на необхідність інтеграції soft skills і підприємницьких навичок у навчальний процес для підвищення якості медичних послуг та професійного розвитку.
У висновках підкреслюється необхідність подальшого розвитку педагогіки в галузі стоматології та підприємницької компетентності, а також вивчення методів оцінювання ефективності цього навчання. Перспективами подальших досліджень є удосконалення освітніх програм та створення міждисциплінарних підходів для підготовки висококваліфікованих стоматологів, здатних успішно інтегрувати підприємницькі стратегії в свою практику.
The araneopathogenic genus Gibellula (Cordycipitaceae: Hypocreales) in the British Isles, including a new zombie species on orb-weaving cave spiders (Metainae: Tetragnathidae)
Authors: Evans H.C. , Fogg T. , Buddie A.G. , Yeap Y.T. , Araújo J.P.M.
Published: January 2025

The genus Gibellula (Cordycipitaceae: Hypocreales) comprises species pathogenic on and specific to spider hosts. Here, we report on the occurrence of a novel species infecting cave-dwelling, orb-weaving spiders of the sub-family Metainae (Tetragnathidae) in the British Isles. The new species, Gibellula attenboroughii is described and illustrated and its ecology is discussed; leading to the conclusion that infected spiders exhibit behavioural changes similar to those reported for zombie ants. The hidden diversity of the genus Gibellula in the British Isles is further highlighted based on fungarium records and literature searches. Two spider pathogens, previously assigned to the genus Torrubiella, are now transferred to the genus Gibellula, based on their Granulomanus synasexual morphs, in accordance with the one fungus-one name initiative: Gibellula albolanata comb. nov. and G. aranicida comb. nov.
The combination of physical exercise and slow-paced breathing on psychophysiological indices of emotion reactivity, psychosocial stress and recovery: A multimodal investigation
Authors: Schoonjans Emmanuelle , Zefeng Li , Allaert Jens , Wezenbeek Evi , Van den Berghe Pieter , Helleputte Simon , De Smet Stefanie , De Raedt Rudi , Vanderhasselt Marie Anne
Published: January 2025

Background. Stress is a major public health problem calling for scalable interventions. Physical activity (PA) and slow-paced breathing (SPB) can reduce stress, both by modulating the parasympathetic activity, which translates into increased heart rate variability (HRV). Combining them could therefore further increase HRV and hence decrease stress.Aim. This study explores whether SPB (vs control breathing at a faster rate) after PA increases the impact of PA on psychophysiological indices of emotional reactivity and psychosocial stress reactivity and recovery.Methods. In a crossover randomized design, 77 healthy volunteers completed twice a baseline, a bout of PA (at a personalised intensity), 3 x 5 minutes of breathing (SPB at 5,5 or control breathing at 15 breaths per minute), an emotional reactivity task with negative versus neutral images, a psychosocial stress task and a recovery phase. We measured psychophysiological indices of stress (i.e., heart rate, HRV, skin conductance, blood pressure, as well as self-reported stress and mood indices, rumination and coping strategy).Results. Compared to control breathing, SPB decreased worry and made the difference between cardiac reactivities to negative and neutral images lower (as measured through interbeat intervals [IBI]). No effects on other psychophysiological indices of stress were found.Conclusion. Our results are the first to emphasize the potential of combining PA and SPB to reduce worrying and attenuated cardiovascular reactivity to emotional valence. However, the lack of effects on other stress indices indicates the need for future research to explore its broader applicability as a stress management technique.
Unexpected Capability of Homeostasis for Open-ended Learning
Authors: Yoshida Naoto , Kuniyoshi Yasuo
Published: January 2025

The ability of animals to continuously acquire skills in their environment is still a mysterious and amazing form of intelligence. All skills necessary for survival are integrated into a single agent, and these are constructed solely from the agent's internal motivation. In this way, is it possible to enable continual acquisition of behaviors in autonomous agents that learn behavior based solely on bodily information and motivation? This research provides a positive answer to this question by demonstrating the surprising ability to acquire behavior that is inherent in homeostatic reinforcement learning (homeostatic RL), a bio-inspired method proposed in computational neuroscience. Homeostatic RL focuses on the rich dynamics resulting from the coupling of the environment and the internal dynamics of the body, which are usually ignored in regular RL. This allows the agent to exhibit a variety of emergent abilities, despite the seemingly simple error minimization problem for the internal state of the body (homeostasis). In this study, we apply homeostatic RL to the Crafter, an open-ended environment in deep RL, and show that the agent can acquire various survival skills such as foraging and water collection, as well as attacking enemies and building shelters, in an integrated manner with the aim of maintaining homeostasis within the body. As a contribution of this research, these results demonstrate the potential of autonomous learning agents to acquire emergent and integrated behaviors by focusing on the existence of the body and its survival. Project page: \url{https://sites.google.com/view/movingsloth/projects/unexpected-capability-of-homeostasis-for-open-ended-learning}.
A Computational Model for Precision Ransomware Detection Using Vectorised Behavior Graphs
Authors: Renip Iain , Worthington Penelope , Hinterhauser Joseph , Smitherstone Evelyn , Rosenberg Matthew
Published: January 2025

As cyberattacks grow increasingly complex, addressing advanced threats requires approaches that adapt to dynamic and unpredictable behaviors. A new framework is introduced that models malicious activities through Vectorised Behavior Graphs, capturing the intricate relationships and temporal patterns of ransomware operations. By transforming these behaviors into structured graph representations, the system enables precise detection through machine learning techniques, achieving high accuracy while maintaining computational efficiency. The integration of attention mechanisms enhances the interpretability of the classification process, shedding light on critical indicators such as encryption patterns, file system interactions, and process anomalies. Graph-based embeddings serve as a foundation for understanding ransomware characteristics, making it possible to detect novel variants that evade traditional methods. Experimental evaluations highlight the system’s robustness across a variety of ransomware families and its scalability in handling large datasets. Results also underscore its adaptability in environments where low latency is essential, such as real-time applications. An analysis of feature dimensionality reveals how optimized data representations contribute to improved performance without compromising efficiency. False positive assessments provide insights into potential areas for refinement, particularly in distinguishing between ransomware and benign applications with overlapping behaviors. The modularity of the framework supports easy updates, ensuring its relevance as attack tactics evolve. With strong performance across diverse metrics, the findings offer an effective strategy for enhancing ransomware detection capabilities and advancing cybersecurity resilience.
Structured Generation via Iterative Semantic Blueprinting in Large Language Models
Authors: Evidail Henry , Fairbrother Lucien , Winterbourne Anastasia , Haverstock James
Published: January 2025

Iterative semantic blueprinting introduces a structured approach for refining text generation, addressing key challenges in producing contextually coherent and semantically aligned outputs. The framework employs hierarchical semantic representations to guide the generation process and integrates an iterative feedback mechanism to progressively align outputs with predefined constraints. Quantitative experiments revealed substantial reductions in perplexity and error rates, alongside improved response consistency, particularly in tasks requiring long-form text generation or domain-specific precision. The dynamic interaction between semantic structures and iterative refinements enabled the framework to balance creativity with structural adherence, ensuring outputs met both linguistic and contextual requirements. Domain-specific evaluations demonstrated the adaptability of the methodology, with significant gains observed in medical, legal, and technical applications. Computational efficiency was achieved through optimizations such as batching and dynamic constraint weighting, allowing the approach to scale effectively without compromising performance. Case studies illustrated improvements in the coherence and relevance of generated text, even for prompts demanding high levels of contextual understanding. The findings highlight the potential of iterative refinement to address persistent limitations in generative frameworks, offering insights into the development of structured mechanisms for text generation. Furthermore, the methodological design and experimental results provide a robust foundation for advancing semantic alignment within complex generative tasks. The integration of such techniques represents another step toward more reliable and context-aware applications of text generation technology.
Geospatial
Authors: Doumit Jean
Published: January 2025

Web cartography employs modern technology to create interactive and accessible maps. By focusing on user experience and integrating diverse data sources, it enhances our ability to understand and engage with spatial information, expanding the potential for innovative mapping solutions.
The State of Single-Cell Atlas Data Visualization in the Biological Literature
Authors: Keller Mark S , Moerth Eric , Smits Thomas Chris , Warchol Simon , Wang Qianwen , Krueger Robert , Pfister Hanspeter , Gehlenborg Nils
Published: January 2025

Recent advancements have enabled tissue samples to be profiled at the unprecedented level of detail of a single cell. Analysis of single-cell data has enabled life scientists to generate hypotheses and make discoveries that are relevant to understanding disease and developing therapeutics. Large-scale single-cell profiling efforts are underway with the aim to generate 'atlas' resources that catalog cellular archetypes including biomarkers and spatial locations. While the problem of visualization of cellular data is not new, the increasing size, resolution, and heterogeneity of single-cell atlas datasets presents challenges and opportunities for visualization researchers. In this report, we situate this research into the broader context of biomedical and high-dimensional data visualization and survey the usage of visualization to interpret single-cell atlas datasets by assessing over 1,800 figure panels from 45 biological publications. We intend for this report to serve as a foundational resource for the visualization community as single-cell techniques and atlas-scale datasets are emerging rapidly with aims of advancing our understanding of biological function in health and disease.
Dynamic sources, Dynamic Multi-folds, and General Relativity Lense-Thirring and Frame Dragging Effects
Authors: Maes Stephane
Published: January 2025

In a multi-fold universe, gravity emerges from entanglement through the multi-fold mechanisms. As a result, gravity-like effects appear in between entangled particles, whether they are real or virtual. Long range, massless gravity results from entanglement of massless virtual particles. Entanglement of massive virtual particles leads to massive gravity contributions at very smalls scales. Multi-folds mechanisms also result into a spacetime that is discrete, with a random walk fractal structure, and non-commutative geometry, which is Lorentz invariant, and where spacetime nodes, and particles, can be modeled with microscopic black holes. All these recover General Relativity (GR) at large scales, and semi-classical model remain valid till smaller scale than usually expected. Gravity can therefore be added to the Standard Model (SM) resulting into what we define as SMG. This can contribute to resolving several open issues with the Standard Model without new Physics other than gravity, as well as to open issues with the Standard Cosmological Model The paper discusses how multi-folds apply when sources of gravity, or the center of mass of entangled systems, are dynamically moving: multi-folds mechanisms remain the same but using the evolving center of mass. As a result gravity, or gravity-like, contributions are to be vectorially integrated over the retarded multi-fold spacetime location that can contribute to a point at a certain time (spacetime location), instead of all the multi-folds for all directions. It is illustrated in the case of a rotating sphere as source of gravity: we recover the Lense-Thirring results with its centripetal, Coriolis and axial contributions. The analysis allows us to settle contradictory, and incorrect, results encountered in the literature. It also shows how non-linearity of General Relativity (GR) appears in the multi-fold mechanisms, something that may not have been obvious to all in the original papers.The ability for the multi-fold mechanisms to explain such GR effects help better understand these effects, but more importantly, it is another way to illustrate and validate that multi-folds recover GR and GR recovers the multi-folds.
Computer vision-based measurement of stormwater discharge: proof-of-concept
Authors: Nooshzadi Motlagh Mohammad , Young Sierra , Chapman Kenneth , Wilcox Evelynn , Birgand François
Published: January 2025

Stormwater systems, as infrastructure draining urban water runoff into water bodies, are pivotal in preserving municipal functionality while they play an important hydrological and environmental role. As such, the ability to reliably monitor stormwater outflow in many locations could provide valuable information for water managers. However, in most cases stormwater outlets have not been designed or installed to facilitate the measurement of stormflow, leaving traditional contact-based velocity and water level measurement techniques ill-suited to capture highly variable and turbulent flows. We propose a non-contact alternative approach based on computer vision, capable of quantifying discharge from images and videos obtained from cameras facing the outlets. In variable lighting and on often ‘noisy’ images and videos, this approach came with its own set of challenges, and classical computer-vision techniques did not perform reliably and accurately. To solve these issues, we used the combination of computer vision and machine learning (CV-ML) techniques, using the round geometry of culverts to our advantage. In our approach, the water stage at the outlet is determined by calculating the difference between the height of the extracted shape of a round culvert and the height of the empty area above water. Then, using a checker board as a reference object, the measurements from images are converted into real-world measurements. Finally, as a first approximation using rating curves, the calculated water stage can be converted into discharge values. To evaluate the model's performance on stage measurements, two methods were considered. In the first, the uncertainty on measurements was assessed by comparing the culvert diameter with that of our CV-ML model calculated value. As a result, the model was on average capable of making measurements within $\pm 1$ cm approximately 80\% of the times. In the second method, we compared measurements from our model to those `visually' made from images obtained during a flow event. For this method also the model estimated 63\% of the stage values within $\pm 1$ cm and 96\% within $\pm 2$ cm. These results could be considered as satisfactory, especially considering the complexity of the field conditions.
Large earthquakes are more predictable than smaller ones
Authors: Venegas-Aravena Patricio , Zaccagnino Davide
Published: January 2025

Large earthquakes have been viewed as highly chaotic events regardless of their magnitude, making their prediction intrinsically challenging. Here, we develop a mathematical tool to incorporate multiscale physics, capable of describing both deterministic and chaotic systems, to model earthquake rupture. Our findings suggest that the chaotic behavior of seismic dynamics, that is, its sensitivity to initial and boundary conditions, is inversely related to its magnitude. To validate this hypothesis, we performed numerical simulations with heterogeneous fault conditions. Our results indicate that large earthquakes, usually occurring in regions with higher residual energy and lower b-value (i.e., the exponent of the Gutenberg-Richter law), are less susceptible to perturbations. This suggests that a higher variability in earthquake magnitudes (larger b-values) may be indicative of structural complexity of the fault network and heterogeneous stress conditions. To further validate our findings, we compare our theoretical predictions with real seismicity in Southern California; specifically, the relationship between the b-value and the fractal dimension of hypocenters with our model predictions finding good agreement. The statistical similarities observed between the simulated and real earthquakes support the hypothesis that large earthquakes may be less chaotic than smaller ones; hence, more predictable.
Sensitivity to geometric shape regularity emerges independently of vision.
Authors: Adriano Andrea , Sablé-Meyer Mathias , Ciccione Lorenzo , Zhan Minye , Dehaene Stanislas
Published: January 2025

In a visual intruder task, regular quadrilaterals such as squares and rectangles are easier to process than matched shapes devoid of parallelism, symmetry or right-angles. This geometric regularity effect was found in various human groups, including preschoolers and uneducated adults, but not in non-human primates. It was proposed to reflect a fundamental ability to combine discrete geometric features into structured representations of geometric shapes using an abstract amodal language-of-thought (LoT) that also supports the acquisition of symbolic drawing and formal mathematics. Here, we tested a prediction of this hypothesis: blind participants should have the same intuitions of geometric regularity as sighted ones. To evaluate this prediction, congenitally blind and sighted but blindfolded adults underwent a tactile version of the visual quadrilateral intruder task. Among six tactile shapes, five of which were identical up to small size and rotation changes, participants were asked to identify a deviant shape defined by a fixed displacement of a single vertex, and to rate their confidence in their response. Both variables revealed a geometric regularity effect in both groups, correlated with previous results in the visual domain. Furthermore, a symbolic LoT model was a better predictor of tactile performance than a visual CNN model in blind participants. Thus, the geometric regularity effect develops in the absence of vision.