bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Maxillary Occlusion Rehabilitation of Multiple Anterior Teeth Agenesis Followed by Tooth Wear: A Case Report
Authors: Ari Muhammad Dimas Aditya , Kurdi Abil , Suisan Yonatan Christian , Laksono Harry
Published: November 2021

A 19-year-old female patient came with the chief complaint that the upper anterior teeth looked small and with many spaces. The patient claimed that the tooth had never been replaced since birth. The patient wanted to improve the aesthetics of the tooth. Treatment, in this case, was made using a fixed prosthetic to aesthetically rehabilitate through prosthodontic treatment in the anterior teeth agenesis followed by attrition. It can be concluded that fixed prosthodontic treatment using a splint bridge is one treatment option that can be used in multiple anterior teeth agenesis followed by tooth wear. An appropriate material selection increases the aesthetics and functional aspects of the final treatment.
A Rare Case of Angiofibroma Mimicking Fibrous Epulis in Posterior Gingival Mucosa
Authors: Nabila Annete , Sumarta Ni Putu Mira , Prasetio Okky
Published: November 2021

Angiofibromas are highly vascular, locally aggressive but histologically benign tumors. A 40-year-old woman complaint of pedunculated mass in the right gingiva of the posterior region since 7 months earlier. Surgical excisional biopsy under general anesthesia was performed. Histopathological examination showed an angiofibroma. Angiofibromas are localized in the superficial soft tissue and the gingiva could have a similar clinical appearance as an epulis. Definitive diagnosis was determined through histopathological analysis.
Demonstration of Modbus Protocol for Robot Communication Using C#
Authors: Chakraborty Sudip , Aithal P. S.
Published: November 2021

Purpose: The Modbus is the trusted name in the industrial automation communication domain. It is a pretty simple protocol to implement and so very popular to the industrial communication personnel. Nowadays, Some industrial robots are also capable of communicating through Modbus. So our robot researchers frequently face the challenge of communicating with Modbus-enabled devices or robots. They need to know the protocol in detail before integrating it into their project. Its learning curves are a bit higher because of the lack of document which is practical oriented. The protocol selection, packet structure, CRC, or LRC calculation need to maintain precisely as standards; otherwise, the Modbus exception may happen. We experience those scenarios. Through our practical experience, we learned what is required for a new researcher who wants to implement Modbus in their project. In this paper, we demonstrate the Modbus packet structure and implement it with several practical examples. Finally, to test the written code, we provide simple tools which are easy to use and customizable. The researcher can easily integrate into their research project. The complete project source code is available in Github.
Design/Methodology/Approach: The Modbus is the standard protocol to communicate between or among the devices. We need a better understanding of it and interface software to test around all aspects. Here we described some practical examples. The GUI is created using C# language inside the Microsoft Visual Studio. The application has several capabilities. In the TCP/IP mode, It can be a server or client. In RTU mode, it can play as a Master or slave device. We can also run two instances in a single system. To communicate between two running apps in RTU mode, we need virtual loopback software, two physical comm port, or two USB to Serial modules. For Modbus TCP mode, we can test within the system using the localhost address (127.0.0.1) or need an IP address for a different.
Findings/results: The robot researcher can find helpful information about communicating the robot through the Modbus protocol. The practical example can help them to create packet purser. The functional CRC algorithm code can be used for better understanding and implementation into their project.
Originality/Value: This work has some different features than other available utilities. We added features based on our research needs. Our created application is a little bit different from a professional approach. Various display formats are available in our GUI. That makes a difference in the originality of this work. Our GUI can be master, slave, server, or client, which is rarely available.
Paper Type: Experimental-based Research.
Ontology Based Text Classifier for Information Extraction from Coronavirus Literature
Authors: Sivakami M , Thangaraj M
Published: November 2021

The world is fighting an unprecedented coronavirus pandemic, and no country was prepared for it. Understanding the nature of this disease, when there is no available cure, is vital to encourage accurate clinical diagnosis and drug discovery prospects. When the amount of literature available is vast, it is important to represent the disease domain as completely as possible. The system should capture the morphology, semantics, syntax, and pragmatics of the given literature, in order to extract useful information. Also, building a classifier for a particular domain suffers from a zero frequency issue. To solve this effectively, latent topics are extracted and semantically represented in ontology to build a text classifier for coronavirus literature. The classifier is equipped with 2 components- ‘ontology’ and ‘machine learning data model’. Ontology helps to model the morphology and the semantic and pragmatic aspects of the text data through Latent Drichlet Allocation (LDA). It also preserves the contextual information in the document space, providing holistic feature representation facilities. To solve zero frequency and to extract actionable insights, a machine learning algorithm, Multi class Support Vector Machine (M-SVM), is incorporated with the ontology. It encodes features and achieves a classifier with highly discriminated classes. Further, to preserve contextual information space, and to enable data model formulation, the ontology is generated as a knowledge graph with their respective predefined classes. The resulting dataset can be used for clinical diagnosis and further research on the disease. Experimental results have shown that the proposed classifier outperforms the existing systems, with better domain representation.
HIGHLIGHTS

When the amount of literature available is vast, it is important to represent the disease domain as completely as possible. The system should capture the morphology, semantics, syntax, and pragmatics of the given literature, in order to extract useful information
The classifier is equipped with 2 components- ‘ontology’ and ‘machine learning data model’. Ontology helps to model the morphology and the semantic and pragmatic aspects of the text data through Latent Drichlet Allocation (LDA). It also preserves the contextual information in the document space, providing holistic feature representation facilities
To preserve contextual information space, and to enable data model formulation, the ontology is generated as a knowledge graph with their respective predefined classes. The resulting dataset can be used for clinical diagnosis and further research on the disease

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
ANALYSIS OF THE ECO-DYNAMIC STABILITY AND ENVIRONMENTAL FRAGILITY OF RIO CABAÇAL BASIN, MATO GROSSO STATE (MT), BRAZIL
Authors: LORENZON Thiziane Helen , NEVES Sandra Mara Alves da Silva , KREITLOW Jesã Pereira , GALVANIN Edinéia Aparecida dos Santos , MACHADO FILHO Luiz Carlos
Published: November 2021

Environmental planning studies are important tools used for the conservation of natural landscapes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the eco-dynamic stability and environmental fragility of the Cabaçal river basin, Mato Grosso State. The methodology of empirical analysis from the environmental fragility proposed by ROSS (1994) was applied, using geo-technologies for mapping the index of relief dissection, soils, land use/land vegetation cover, and climate. Approximately 60% of the area from the basin under study presents unstable eco-dynamic units. The Rio dos Bugres subbasin is the unit with the greatest landscape instability (74.39%). The Rio Branco subbasin has the highest areal percentage of class Strong fragility (20.38%). It is concluded that most of the extension of the Cabaçal River basin presents a high fragility and unstable eco-dynamic units which can compromise the environment in this importante unit of the Upper Paraguay Basin and the Pantanal biome
AGRICULTURAL APTITUDE OF LANDS AND CONFLICTING USES IN PERMANENT PRESERVATION AREAS OF RIBEIRÃO JACOBINA BASIN IN CÁCERES / MATO GROSSO STATE, BRAZIL
Authors: FREITAS Larissa Espinosa de , NEVES Sandra Mara Alves da Silva , NUNES Maria Cândida Moitinho , SERAFIM Milson Evaldo , PAULA Diego Galvão de
Published: November 2021

The expansion of agricultural activities in areas of high environmental sensitivity results in negative effects on the environment. The objective of this work is to evaluate by geo-technologies the agricultural aptitude of lands and the conflicts of use in Permanent Preservation Areas (PPAs) along rivers and springs in the Ribeirão Jacobina Basin in Cáceres municipality / Mato Grosso State. Using a Geographic Information System, it was possible to intersect those maps referring to soil classes, relief, agricultural aptitude, land use/land cover. The Brazilian Forest Code and its determinations were used as basis for the evaluation of land use conflicts in PPAs. It was verified that 67.47% of the territory of the basin is suitable for livestock/agricultural activities. There are conflicts of land use in areas with occurrence of Humic Cambisols, Haplic Luvisols and Litholic Neosols in hilly relief with predominance of livestock. Land use/land cover within the APPs, demonstrated that 1,802 hectares of the basin correspond to areas of water resources protection, and from this total, 459 hectares are being used for livestock activities and 23 hectares for reforestation, and there are conflicts between current use and current legislation. It was concluded that work is needed to recover PPAs in the basin, aiming at maintaining water quality and availability
SPATIAL ANALYSIS OF EROSIVE PROCESSES IN PLATEAUS AND DEPRESSIONS OF THE UPPER PARAGUAI RIVER BASIN
Authors: ANDRADE Daniel Dias de , SILVA João dos Santos Vila da , FIGUEIREDO Vera Aparecida , CASTRO Elisa Calhau de
Published: November 2021

Natural characteristics may contribute to the erosion of the soil and to environmental imbalances, and in most cases, they initiate the imbalances that will be exacerbated by human activities. The presence of asymmetry in a frequency diagram is a valuable fact, and may indicate irregularity in the occurrence of events or aggregation of events in preferred locations. Thus, this work aims to demonstrate the use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) of statistical analysis based on patterns of frequency, density, distribution and spatial dependence of sample points through a cutout of the mapping of the geotechnical aspects conducted for the State of Mato Grosso, generated for the entire area of plateaus and depressions of the Upper Paraguai river basin and its internal units of drainage basins. In most cutouts used in the analysis, the values indicated that is void the possibility that the distribution patterns of erosive events were resulted of chance. The aggregate pattern shown may tend to attract new points, facilitating the transmission of the sample.s qualities through these, favored by your proximity and by the characteristics of the occurrence area
A RECENTE CONJUNTURA HIDROPRODUTIVA DO PROJETO DE IRRIGAÇÃO GORUTUBA, LOCALIZADO EM NOVA PORTEIRINHA NO NORTE DE MINAS
Authors: COSTA Silviane Gasparino , FONSECA Ana  Ivania  Alves
Published: November 2021

Entre os anos de 1975 e 1977, foi construída a barragem Bico da Pedra e implantou-se uma área de 740 ha irrigados, denominada de .área Piloto., situada entre os rios Gorutuba e Mosquito na bacia do rio Gorutuba. Esse projeto piloto deu início à implantação da área de irrigação conhecido hoje como Perímetro Irrigado do Gorutuba, localizado no município de Nova Porteirinha, no Norte de Minas Gerais. Esse artigo tem como objetivo a análise recente da produção irrigada e das estruturas hidráulicas que conduzem e distribuem água para os diferentes lotes do projeto. A metodologia utilizada foi a revisão bibliográfica e o trabalho de campo para a coleta de dados e aplicação de entrevistas semiestruturadas e não estruturadas.
GA_Abels_Sound Example 3
Authors: Abels Birgit
Published: November 2021

Chesóls, chanted by Rengulbai Ruluked (* around 1900 in Melekeok) on 28 September 1963. Recorded by Barbara B. Smith.
Effecten van gespreksonderwerpen en buitenstaanders op omzetgroei van MKB-ondernemingen
Authors: Postema Jan
Published: November 2021

Het thema van dit artikel is het verklaren van de omzetgroei van MKB-ondernemingen uit (1) de gespreksonderwerpen van MKB-ondernemers met buitenstaanders, (2) het wel versus niet in gesprek zijn van MKB-ondernemers met buitenstaanders, (3) het in gesprek zijn van MKB-ondernemers met betaalde versus niet-betaalde buitenstaanders en (4) de combinatie van de gespreksonderwerpen met betaalde versus niet-betaalde buitenstaanders.

Nieuw voor de literatuur over de betekenis van het in gesprek zijn van MKB-ondernemers met buitenstaanders om omzetgroei te realiseren is het verklaren van de omzetgroei van MKB-ondernemingen uit twee van de vier onderdelen van het thema, te weten: (1) de gespreksonderwerpen van MKB-ondernemers met buitenstaanders en (4) de combinatie van de gespreksonderwerpen met betaalde versus niet-betaalde buitenstaanders. Het verklaren van de omzetgroei van MKB-ondernemingen uit (2) het wel versus niet in gesprek zijn van MKB-ondernemers met buitenstaanders en uit (3) het in gesprek zijn van MKB-ondernemers met betaalde versus niet-betaalde buitenstaanders kan gezien worden als het testen van verbanden die eerder zijn onderzocht. Ad (2) en (3) vormen een aanvulling op het in dit artikel onderzoeken van de verbanden die als nieuw voor deze literatuur worden beschouwd.

Uit het verrichte onderzoek komt naar voren dat het in gesprek zijn over de onderwerpen “prestaties van het personeel” en “fusie en overname” een positief effect hebben op de omzetgroei. Het wel versus niet in gesprek zijn van MKB-ondernemers met buitenstaanders heeft geen positief effect op de omzetgroei. Het in gesprek zijn van MKB-ondernemers met betaalde buitenstaanders versus niet-betaalde buitenstaanders heeft wel een positief effect op de omzetgroei. Het in gesprek zijn van MKB-ondernemers met betaalde versus niet-betaalde buitenstaanders heeft geen positief effect op de relatie tussen de gespreksonderwerpen en de omzetgroei.
Het verschoningsrecht en de accountant in historisch en toekomstig perspectief
Authors: Loyson Jules , Taminiau Yvette
Published: November 2021

In dit artikel wordt een overzicht gegeven van artikelen uit het MAB, waarin aandacht is besteed aan de geheimhoudingsplicht en het (afgeleid) verschoningsrecht in relatie tot het beroep van accountant. In dat verband is met name gekeken naar de externe of openbare accountant. De besproken artikelen zijn verschenen tussen 1948 en 2010. Verder is er aandacht voor de bewogen praktijk van het forensisch onderzoek, waarin zowel de accountant als de advocaat actief zijn. Ook in deze praktijk is het debat over de reikwijdte van het verschoningsrecht levendig. Tot slot wordt aandacht besteed aan de modernisering van het Wetboek van Strafvordering. In dat kader is na zes jaar van voorbereiding een wetsvoorstel met een memorie van toelichting in april 2021 aan de Raad van State voorgelegd. De verwachting is dat het gemoderniseerde Wetboek van Strafvordering in 2026 zal worden ingevoerd.
Optimization of opeation parameters for methylene blue degradation by UV/TiO2/H2O2 process in an annular reactor
Authors: Pham Duc Chinh  , Pham Manh Cuong  , Le Phuong Thanh  , Nguyen Thi Thu Trang  , Nguyen Minh Tan
Published: November 2021

In this study, the degradation of methylene blue (MB) by UV/TiO2/ H2O2 process was ivestigated in an annular reactor. The effects of the factors: TiO2 concentration, H2O2 dosage, UV density, and hydrodynamic conditions on the reaction rate constant were evaluated by the response surface methodology. The results showed that TiO2 concentration, H2O2 dosage and UV density had a great influence on the kapp, hydrodynamics had a lower influence. Design Expert V.11 software is used to optimize the reaction conditions, the optimal apparent reaction rate constant is 0.168 min-1 under the following conditions: TiO2 concentration of 0.2 g/l, H2O2 dosage is 0.063 mol/l, UV density of 287  W/m2 and Re number is 10000.
Fabrication and characterisation of Fe2O3/chitosan aerogel-like spheres
Authors: Dang Thi Thanh Nhan  , Truong Thi Don  , Le Quoc Thang  , Tran Dong Tien  , Le Lam Son
Published: November 2021

Presently, biopolymer materials have been given more attention for their outstanding properties, high efficiencies and promising applications in various fields. In this study, Fe2O3/chitosan aerogel-like spheres were successfully prepared from chitosan and FeCl3 by sol–gel process and freeze-drying to provide high-surface area materials. The factors affecting the material synthesis have been studied. The asprepared Fe2O3/chitosan material was characterized by Infrared Spectroscopy (IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) methods. The results showed that the aerogel spheres have a hollow structure made of chitosan nanofibril networks. Fe2O3 nanoparticles get high crystallinity and have an average particle size of 33 nm.
Study of Ni(0)/La2O3 perovskite coated on monolith substrates as a promising catalyst for CO2 dry reforming with steam reforming of methane in syn-gas production
Authors: Tran Van Tri  , Ngo Thuy Phuong  , Ha Luu Manh Quan  , Luong Ngoc Thuy  , Phan Trung Tuan  , Le Phuc Nguyen
Published: November 2021

Coated monolith/foam catalysts are promising materials for chemistry applications due to structured reactor configuratiions providing low expansion coefficient, good thermal stability and low pressure loss. In this study, powedered Ni(0)/La2O3 catalysts in perovskite structures, were deposited on cordierite monolith substrates (2MgO-2Al2O3-5SiO2) by dip-coating method. The catalysts were characterized by N2 adsorption, XRD, TPR-H2 analysis. The activity of structured catalysts with various powder loadings (4, 8, 12, 20 and 30 wt %) were evaluated in combined Steam-CO2 reforming reaction (CH4/CO2/H2O = 2/1/2 vol%) at  GHSV = 60.000 h-1. XRD and TPR results showed that the active phase LaNiO3 were mainly Ni and La2O3 distributed on the surface of cordierite channels after air calcination of 850oC, 3 hours and  hydrogen reduction of 600oC, 2 hours . The conversion of methane and CO2 on monolith catalysts, with proper active sites loadings of 12 – 20 wt%, were close to 80 vol% at 800oC. At the same reaction amount of active sites, the feedstock conversion on LaNiO3/monolith (12 %wt LaNiO3/monolith) was significantly higher than on corresponding powdered type, respectively 1.6 times of CH4, 1.8 times of CO2 conversion.
In-situ hybridization of ZnO nanorod and graphene oxide with enhancing photocatalytic activity
Authors: Vo Quang Mai  , Nguyen Xuan Sang
Published: November 2021

In this work, nanohybridization of ZnO nanorod and graphene oxide (GO) were prepared by a facile hydrothermal method. The effects of GO on crystal structure and surface morphology of ZnO were revealed by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The presence of GO in the composite resulted the ZnO nanorod more uniform which its diameter size was decreased. Optical properties characterized by UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectra (DRS) showed that the ZnO/GO composite has the narrower bandgap value and the better visible-light absorption characterisitics in compare to the bare ZnO. As a result, the photocatalytic ability in degradation of methylene blue under solar irradiation was enhanced in the ZnO/GO composite
From Economizing to Ecologizing: Emerging an Integrated Perspective
Authors: Waddock Sandra
Published: November 2021

The complex wickedness of many of today's social and ecological problems calls for more integral thinking to bring better alignment between human activities, particularly economic and business activities, and ecological realities. This paper integrates emerging knowledge about the differences
between right (holistic) and left (analytic) brain thinking, Indigenous wisdom, and the physics, biology, complexity, and chaos sciences into ideas for a new economic orthodoxy. Doing so offers the potential to shift away from today's predominantly economizing mindsets towards integrated ecologizing
mindsets that more holistically and realistically represent the world. Drawing on recent work that articulates six core values for a lifeaffirming economic orthodoxy, this paper explores that shift away from business as usual with today's dominant neoliberal economics towards an integrated
ecologizing socio-ecology. The need is to translate economizing mindsets associated with neoliberal economics into ecologizing ones through ideas that prioritize stewardship, collective value, cosmopolitan localism, regenerativity, relationality, and equitable markets.
Políticas públicas para o campo: um estudo sobre a atuação do PRONAF na região geográfica imediata de Pau dos Ferros/RN
Authors: Estevam Stênio Maia , Silva Alcimária Fernandes da , Silva Cícero Nilton Moreira da
Published: November 2021

Este trabalho se constitui em um estudo sobre a atuação do PRONAF no âmbito da Agricultura Familiar, problematizando assim, a atuação das políticas públicas agrícolas (no caso estudado, o Programa Nacional de Fortalecimento da Agricultura Familiar) e sua materialização na Região Geográfica Imediata de Pau dos Ferros, Rio Grande do Norte. Para tanto, a metodologia consistiu na revisão de literatura buscando o suporte teórico em autores como Azevedo (2012), Mattei (2014), Brasil e Locatel (2012), Nunes (2015), Aquino e Lacerda (2015), dentre outros. A pesquisa ancorou-se em dados secundários, tendo sido utilizado como fonte de pesquisa o site da Diretoria de Gestão Estratégica, Monitoramento e Avaliação (DGMA), responsável por disponibilizar um painel com as políticas da Secretaria Especial de Agricultura Familiar e do Desenvolvimento Agrário (SEAD), em que podemos ter acesso às informações necessárias sobre o referido programa, considerando o recorte temporal de 2013 a 2018. Através dos dados obtidos foi possível perceber a presença significativa de estabelecimentos da agricultura familiar nessa localidade e o significativo volume de operações de crédito do PRONAF obtido pelos agricultores familiares nesse período, bem como a prioridade dada ao crédito para investimento nas atividades em vez do custeio de atividades produtivas. Percebemos ainda uma queda significativa no número de operações de crédito no ano de 2017, o que pode ter relação com os retrocessos políticos e a insegurança econômica vivenciada pelo país.
Cooperativismo e políticas públicas: a Cooperativa Agrícola dos Produtores de Vinho de Jundiaí (AVA) no âmbito do projeto Microbacias II
Authors: Rocha Tamires Regina , Vinhaes Alan Da Silva
Published: November 2021

O artigo tem como objetivo principal analisar a Cooperativa Agrícola dos Produtores de Vinho de Jundiaí (AVA) que foi contemplada no ano de 2013 pelo Projeto Microbacias II. Para alcançar esse objetivo foram realizados os seguintes procedimentos metodológicos: levantamento bibliográfico; aplicação de roteiro de entrevista com o presidente da Cooperativa Agrícola de Vinho de Jundiaí (AVA) e com produtores rurais cooperados. Em relação aos principais resultados alcançados destaca-se a aquisição de máquinas e equipamentos pela Cooperativa AVA para a produção de vinhos, o que resultou na melhoria da qualidade do produto, aumento da produção e assim, proporcionou maior rentabilidade para os produtores rurais cooperados.
Cidades do agronegócio: a relação entre campo e cidade em Lucas do Rio Verde – MT
Authors: Pacheco Gleice Kelly De Souza
Published: November 2021

A inserção do Brasil no mercado internacional de commodities, no século XXI, esteve fortemente associada à exploração de seus recursos naturais (DELGADO, 2012). Nesse contexto, o cerrado de Mato Grosso torna-se o epicentro dos investimentos do capital relacionado à produção de grãos, com expansão intensificada da produção de soja e milho na BR-163 mato-grossense, utilizando elevado nível técnico, científico e informacional. É importante destacar que o cultivo da soja no cerrado exige a presença de cidades concentradoras de serviços especializados, financeiros e científicos, exigidos pela modernização agrícola dessa commodity. Ou seja, é na cidade que se decide e coordena a produção agrícola. No município selecionado como área de estudo, Lucas do Rio Verde, em 2005, com a chegada da Sadia, a cadeia de carnes se associou à de grãos, atraindo indústrias especializadas, resultando em mudanças na estrutura urbana. Nesse sentido, este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar as mudanças detectadas no espaço urbano a partir das transformações do campo, relacionadas aos processos geradores de novas formas, funções e estruturas.
Islamic Perspective of Anti-Violence Education for Early Childhood in The Family Environment
Authors: Zahroh Luluk Atirotu
Published: November 2021

Anti-violence education implemented in various educational environment, equally important the family environment. The impact of violence against spiritual emotional intelligence development of children leads to the negative things. Include that realize or not, violence that showed by parents have instilled hatred and excessive fear in children. Violence will infuse stubborn and rude in children, give wound in the hearts of children until they are adults. Islam teaches anti-violence education, especially on the early chilhood education, have to carry out with great affection. Many verses of the holy Koran which instruct to educate children with affection. The term like qaulan layyinan, qaulan ma'rufan and so on are some command to teach and interact with students full with love and through the good ways.

Keyword: anti-violence education, early chilhood.

Pendidikan anti kekerasan diterapkan di berbagai lingkungan pendidikan, dan tidak kalah pentingnya yaitu lingkungan keluarga. Dampak kekerasan orang tua terhadap perkembangan kecerdasan emosional spiritual anak ini mengarah pada hal-hal yang negatif. Dampak tersebut diantaranya adalah: sadar atau tidak kekerasan yang dilakukan orang tua telah menanamkan kebencian dan rasa takut yang berlebihan pada diri anak. Kekerasan akan menanamkan sifat keras dan sikap kasar pada diri anak, membekaskan luka di hati anak hingga mereka dewasa. Islam mengajarkan pendidikan yang bersifat anti kekerasan, apalagi dalam konteks mendidik anak usia dini, dilakukan dengan penuh kasih sayang. Banyak ayat al-Qurâ€™an yang memerintahkan mendidik anak dengan kasih sayang kepada putra-putranya yang masih kecil. Bahasa qaulan layyinan, qaulan maâ€™rufan dan sebagainya merupakan perintah untuk mendidik dan berinteraksi dengan anak didik dengan penuh kasih sayang dan cara yang baik.

Kata Kunci: Pendidikan Anti Kekerasan, Anak Usia Dini.
Skill-Based Curriculum Development to Prevent the Violence Against Children
Authors: Komalasari Elis
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan kurikulum berbasiss keterampilan perlindungan diri terhadap kekerasan seksual pada anak usia dini. Dalam beberapa tahun terakhir, kasus kekerasan pada anak (child abuse) mengalami peningkatan. Komisi Nasional Perlindungan Anak mencatat bahwa sejak tahun 2010, jumlah kekerasan pada anak baik secara fisik maupun psikis mengalami peningkatan setiap tahunnya, terutama dalam bentuk kejahatan seksual pada anak. Pendidikan anak usia dini sebagai bagian makro dari perkembangan anak dan bagian dari masyarakat memiliki tanggung jawab untuk mencegah terjadinya tindak kekerasan pada anak. Upaya yang dilakukan adalah dengan mengembangkan kurikulum berbasis keterampilan perlindungan diri pada anak. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian tindakan kolaboratif dengan objek penelitian terdiri dari 5 lembaga PAUD yang mewakili setiap kecamatan di kabupaten Tanah Datar. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa 3 dari 5 lembaga PAUD di Kabupaten Tanah Datar tidak memiliki kurikulum dan panduan pembelajaran mengenai pencegahan kekerasan seksual pada anak usia dini. 2 lembaga memiliki pedoman pembelajaran dengan mengacu pada kurikulum 2013. Dari hasil penelitian ini maka dikembangkan kurikulum berbasis keterampilan perlindungan diri untuk anak usia dini dengan mengacu pada kurikulum 2013 dengan penetapan tujuan khusus yaitu standar tingkat pencapaian perkembangan, kompetenssi inti dan kompetensi dasar. Hasil penelitian ini berupa rancangan kurikulum berbasis keterampilan perlindungan diri dan diharapkan dapat diujicoba pada penelitian selanjutnya.
Kerangka Konsep Pengembangan Kurikulum Berbasis Multiple Intelligence pada Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Shofa Mila Faila
Published: November 2021

The aims of this article are to (1) describes the concept of Multiple Intelligence-based curriculum development in Early Childhood Education, (2) describes the implications of curriculum-based learning at the Multiple Intelligence in Early Childhood Education. Data acquisition method of this article is through literature and empirical experience of the author. The results of this article explains that exposure to develop the Multiple Intelligence-based curriculum, teachers and school curriculum development team can put the idea of Multiple Intelligence manner. Multiple Intelligence curriculum can be reflected with some learning approaches, including approaches based learning center. Multiple Intelligence curriculum can be organized with the 2013 early childhood curriculum where the curriculum structure is the organization of core competencies, basic competencies, and learning the charge with each of multiple intelligences. Implications of Multiple Intelligence learning curriculum through three stages namely planning, implementation, and evaluation. Learning plan includes lesson plans based on Multiple Intelligence Weekly and Daily Lesson Plan-Based Multiple Intelligence. The learning center is implemented through activities in accordance with the linguistic intelligence center, musical center, visual-spatial center, kinestetic center, logical-mathematical center, center intrapersonal, interpersonal center, naturalist center, and existentialist center. Rating is based on the development of students' achievement indicators for each intelligence at every age.
Síndrome de Alström (OMIM 203800): Reporte del primer caso en Ecuador
Authors: Sancan Jalca Byron , Cruz Montesinos Daniel Leonardo
Published: November 2021

El síndrome de Alström (ALMS) es un raro desorden autosómico recesivo, caracterizado por una progresiva afectación multiorgánica que puede ocasionar una muerte precoz. Se trata de un preescolar masculino de tres años y siete meses de edad que presenta fotofobia, nistagmo, cardiomiopatía ventricular dilatada, retraso en el desarrollo psicomotor, trastorno del sueño, obesidad y epilepsia. Entre los diagnósticos diferenciales del síndrome genético se planteó al ALMS. Se realizó la secuenciación del exoma completo, en el gen ALMS1 se identificaron dos nuevas variantes c.5024deIT (p.Phe1675SerfsTer16) en el exón 8 del gen ALMS1 y c.11717_1172 (0delGTTG p.Val3906GlysfsTer) en el exón 18 del gen ALMS1. El ALMS, es una enfermedad extremadamente rara de expresión clínica heterogénea el estudio molecular es determinante para su diagnóstico.
Compresión medular por linfoma no Hodgkin difuso. Descripción de caso y revisión de literatura
Authors: Canchignia Mayorga Cristina Carolina , Mazón López Luis Antonio , Nuñez Matamoros Gabriela , Delgado Carreño Jennifer Nathaly , Ladines Castro Washington Javier
Published: November 2021

El linfoma difuso de células grandes tipo B es el más común de los linfomas no Hodgkinianos (30-35%). Su curso clínico y pronóstico es variable, y depende de la gran heterogeneidad genética o subtipos, lo que sugiere una etiología muy variada (factores del huésped, infecciosos, etc). Más del 50% de los pacientes son mayores de 60 años, y constituye una enfermedad de rápido o muy rápido crecimiento con clínica que depende de la localización tumoral. Se presenta caso clínico de un paciente con inicio súbito de dolor abdominal y afectación neurológica en relación a nivel de compresión medular.
ÇORUM ÇAYI HAVZASI TOPRAKLARININ KABUK OLUŞUM RİSK DURUMLARININ BELİRLENMESİ VE HARİTALANMASI
Authors: DEMİRAĞ TURAN İnci , DENGİZ Orhan
Published: November 2021

Toprak insanın yaşamını sağlaması için önemli bir unsurdur. Bu nedenle, toprağın korunması, amacına uygun şekilde kullanılması gerekmektedir. Ancak, nüfus artışı ile toprak üzerindeki baskı artmakta ve arazilerin yanlış kullanım problemleri ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bu nedenle, ülkemizde insan etkisi ile arazi bozulumu ciddi bir problem haline gelmektedir. Bu problemlerden bir tanesi de toprak kabuk oluşumudur. Kabuk oluşumu sızmayı engelleyerek, suyun yüzeysel olmasına sebep olmaktadır. Özellikle eğimli arazilerde bu durum erozyon sorununa neden olmasının yanı sıra, tarım ürünlerinin verimini ve kalitesini düşürmektedir. Bu çalışma, yarı kurak bir iklim özelliği gösteren 1510 km² alana sahip Çorum Çayı Havzası’nda yürütülmüştür. Çalışma alanından toplam 282 toprak örneği alınmıştır. Koordinatlandırılmış toprak örneklerinde bazı fiziko-kimyasal ve kabuk oluşumu için analizler yapılmıştır. Daha sonra, kabuk oluşumu hesaplanmış ve uygun enterpolasyon yöntemi "kriging" seçilerek kabuk oluşumu haritası üretilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre çalışma alanının % 54,0’ı çok şiddetli kabuklanma eğilimindedir. Çok şiddetli kabuklanma genellikle, yoğun tarımsal faaliyetlerini yapıldığı alanlardır. Bu nedenle, alanın iklim ve toprak koşulları dikkate alınarak organik madde düzeyinin artırılması, arazinin uygun kullanımı, toprağın fiziksel ve kimyasal yapısını bozmadan geliştirilen sulama yönteminin uygulanması gibi önlemler alınması gerekmektedir.
DISLEXIA E EDUCAÇÃO INCLUSIVA
Authors: Campos Cleonildo de Lima , Souza Abilene San Martin de , Souza Juniana Patrícia Silva de , Moraes Fabiana Aparecida Franco de , Vieira Silvaneide da Silva , Santos Rosecler de Carvalho Senra , Souza Sandra Barbosa de , Carvalho Marilce Aparecida Saldanha de , Pinho Maria Ângela de Farias
Published: November 2021

Estima-se que, no Brasil, cerca de 15 milhões de pessoas têm algum tipo de necessidade especial. As necessidades especiais podem ser de diversos tipos: mental, auditiva, visual, físico, conduta ou deficiências múltiplas. Deste universo, acredita-se que, pelo menos, noventa por cento das crianças, na educação básica, sofram com algum tipo de dificuldade de aprendizagem relacionada à linguagem: dislexia, disgrafia e disortografia. Entre elas, a dislexia é a de maior incidência e merece toda atenção por parte dos gestores de política educacional, especialmente a de educação especial. A dislexia é a incapacidade parcial de a criança ler compreendendo o que se lê, apesar da inteligência normal, audição ou visão normais e de serem oriundas de lares adequados, isto é, que não passem privação de ordem doméstica ou cultural. Encontramos disléxicos em famílias ricas e pobres. Enquanto as famílias ricas podem levar o filho a um psicólogo, neurologista ou psicopedagogo, uma criança, de família pobre, estudando em escola pública, tende a asseverar a dificuldade persistir com o transtornos de linguagem na fase adulta. Talvez, por essa razão, isto é, por uma questão de classe social, a dislexia seja uma doença da classe média, exatamente porque, temporão, os pais conseguem diagnosticar a dificuldade e partir para intervenções médicas e psicopedagógicas.No âmbito das instituições de ensino, relatos de professores registram situações em que crianças, aparentemente brilhantes e muito inteligentes, não podem ler, escrever nem têm boa ortografia para idade. Nos exames vestibulares, as comissões executivas descrevem casos "bizarros" (às vezes, motivo de chacotas) em que candidatos apresentam baixo nível de compreensão leitora ou a ortografia ainda é fonética (baseada na fala) e inconstante.
ESTATÍSTICAS DE SOBREVIDA EM PACIENTES PÓS-PARADA CARDIORRESPIRATÓRIA
Authors: Gimenes Andressa Rodrigues de Souza , Coutinho Camila Silva , Ribeiro Tiago Pacheco Brandão
Published: November 2021

Este estudo trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica com o objetivo de analisar os índices de sobrevida em pacientes que sofrem parada cardiorrespiratória (PCR) e identificar ações que  melhoram o prognóstico de sobrevida em eventos cardiorrespiratórios. De acordo com estudos, as estatísticas de morbidade e mortalidade envolvendo essa emergência cardiovascular são altas e se revelam quase imutáveis ao longo dos anos. Devido a isso, os casos de PCR extra e intra-hospitalar necessitam de análises complexas, tendo em vista que cada cenário possui condições distintas. No contexto dessa emergência, nota-se que o tempo é um fator de suma importância. É relevante destacar que a sobrevida dos pacientes depende da aplicação de suportes e protocolos, estruturados a partir da junção de algorítimos que seguem um sequenciamento lógico com condutas que visam a aumentar a chance de revesibilidade desse evento. Sob essa perspectiva, esta pesquisa, que consiste em uma revisão integrativa, reúne resultados obtidos sobre um mesmo assunto, sintetizando e analisando informações a fim de desenvolver uma explicação mais abrangente sobre o tema específico.
High number concentrations of transparent exopolymer particles (TEP) in ambient aerosol particles and cloud water – A case study at the tropical Atlantic Ocean
Authors: van Pinxteren Manuela , Robinson Tiera-Brandy , Zeppenfeld Sebastian , Gong Xianda , Bahlmann Enno , Fomba Khanneh Wadinga , Triesch Nadja , Stratmann Frank , Wurl Oliver , Engel Anja , Wex Heike , Herrmann Hartmut
Published: November 2021

Abstract. Transparent exopolymer particles (TEP) exhibit the properties of gels and are ubiquitously found in the world oceans. Possibly, TEP may enter the atmosphere as part of sea spray aerosol. Here, we report number concentrations of TEP (diameter > 4.5 µm) in ambient aerosol and cloud water samples from the tropical Atlantic Ocean as well as in generated aerosol particles using a plunging waterfall tank that was filled with the ambient sea water. The ambient TEP concentrations ranged between 7 × 102 and 3 × 104 #TEP m−3 in supermicron aerosol particles and correlations to sodium (Na+) and calcium (Ca2+) (R2 = 0.5) suggested some contribution via bubble bursting. Cloud water TEP concentrations were between 4 × 106 and 9 × 106 #TEP L−1 corresponding to equivalent air concentrations of 2–4 × 103 #TEP m−3. The TEP concentrations in the tank-generated aerosol particles, produced from the same waters and sampled with an equivalent system, were significantly lower (4 × 102–2 × 103 #TEP m−3) compared to the ambient concentrations. Based on Na+ concentrations in seawater and in the atmosphere, the enrichment factor for TEP in the atmosphere was calculated. The tank-generated TEP were enriched by a factor of 50 compared to sea water and, therefore, in-line with published enrichment factors for supermicron organic matter in general and TEP specifically. TEP enrichment in the ambient atmosphere was on average 1 × 103 in cloud water and 9 × 103 in ambient aerosol particles and therefore about two orders of magnitude higher than the corresponding enrichment from the tank study. Such high enrichment of supermicron particulate organic constituents in the atmosphere is uncommon and we propose that atmospheric TEP concentrations resulted from a combination of enrichment during bubble bursting transfer from the ocean and TEP in-situ formation in atmospheric phases. Abiotic in-situ formation might have occurred from aqueous reactions of dissolved organic precursors that were present in particle and cloud water samples, while biotic formation involves bacteria, which were abundant in the cloud water samples. The ambient TEP number concentrations were two orders of magnitude higher than recently reported ice nucleating particle (INP) concentrations measured at the same location. As TEP likely possess good properties to act as INP, in future experiments it is worth studying if a certain part of TEP contributes a fraction of the biogenic INP population.
The characterization of long-range transported North American biomass burning plumes: what can a multi-wavelength Mie-Raman-polarization-fluorescence lidar provide?
Authors: Hu Qiaoyun , Goloub Philippe , Veselovskii Igor , Podvin Thierry
Published: November 2021

Abstract. This article presents a study of long-range transported biomass burning aerosols (BBA) originated from the North American wildfires in September 2020. The BBA plumes presented in this study were in the troposphere and underwent 1–2 weeks aging before arriving at the observations site. A novel dataset 2α+3β+3δ+φ (α: extinction coefficient, β: backscatter coefficient, δ: particle linear depolarization ratio, PLDR, φ: fluorescence capacity) derived from lidar observations is provided for the characterization of long-range transported BBA. The fluorescence capacity describes the ability of aerosols in producing fluorescence when exposed to UV excitation. In the observations of BBA episode, plumes from different wildfire activities have been characterized. In the BBA plumes, we detected low PLDRs, i.e. lower than 0.03 at all wavelengths, as well as enhanced PLDRs (PLDR355,532,1064 ≈ 0.15–0.18, 0.12–0.14, 0.01–0.02) with a similar spectral dependence that had been observed in the aged BBA plumes in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (Canadian smoke in 2017 and Australian smoke in 2019–2020). Obvious variations in Angström exponent (−0.3–1.5), lidar ratios (20–50 sr at 355 nm, 42–90 sr at 532 nm) and fluorescence capacity (1.0 × 10−4– 4.0 × 10−4) are also observed during the BBA episode. These variations are coupled with the variation of altitudes, water vapor content and wildfire events. It reflects that the properties of aged BBA particles are highly varied and depend on complex mechanisms, such as burning process and the aging process. The results also pointed out the inhomogeneity of the aging process in the BBA plumes, which means that particles in the core of the plume aged differently with those at the plume edge due to the impact of water vapor, temperatures, particle concentration and so on. These chemical and physical processes involved in BBA aging and how they could impact the particle properties are not yet well understood. In addition, our observations identified the ice crystals mixing with BBA particles, which indicates that BBA could act as ice nucleating particles (INP) at tropospheric conditions. The lidar fluorescence proves to be an efficient tool in studying the interaction of clouds and BBAs due to its high sensitivity. Recent studies claimed that aged BBA particles are more effective INPs than they were thought. As BBAs are becoming an important atmospheric aerosols with growing global wildfires, our observations could improve our characterization about aged BBA particles and the understanding of their importance in ice cloud formation.
A minimum curvature algorithm for tomographic reconstruction of atmospheric chemicals based on optical remote sensing
Authors: Li Sheng , Du Ke
Published: November 2021

Abstract. Optical remote sensing (ORS) combined with the computerized tomography (CT)
technique is a powerful tool to retrieve a two-dimensional concentration map over an area under investigation. Whereas medical CT usually uses a beam number of hundreds of thousands, ORS-CT usually uses a beam number of dozens, thus severely limiting the spatial resolution and the quality of the reconstructed map. The smoothness a priori information is, therefore, crucial for ORS-CT. Algorithms that produce smooth reconstructions include smooth basis function minimization, grid translation and multiple grid (GT-MG), and low third derivative (LTD), among which the LTD algorithm is promising because of the fast speed. However, its theoretical basis must be clarified to better understand the characteristics of its smoothness constraints. Moreover, the computational efficiency and reconstruction quality need to be improved for practical applications. This paper first treated the LTD algorithm as a special case of the Tikhonov regularization that uses the approximation of the third-order derivative as the regularization term. Then, to seek more flexible smoothness constraints, we successfully incorporated the smoothness seminorm used in variational interpolation theory into the reconstruction problem. Thus, the smoothing effects can be well understood according to the close relationship between the variational approach and the spline functions. Furthermore, other algorithms can be formulated by using different seminorms. On the basis of this idea, we propose a new minimum curvature (MC) algorithm by using a seminorm approximating the sum of the squares of the curvature, which reduces the number of linear equations to half that in the LTD algorithm. The MC algorithm was compared with the non-negative least square (NNLS), GT-MG, and LTD algorithms by using multiple test maps. The MC algorithm, compared with the LTD algorithm, shows similar performance in terms of reconstruction quality but requires only approximately 65 % the computation time. It is also simpler to implement than the GT-MG algorithm because it directly uses high-resolution grids during the reconstruction process. Compared with the traditional NNLS algorithm, it shows better performance in the following three aspects: (1) the nearness of reconstructed maps is improved by more than 50 %, (2) the peak location accuracy is improved by 1–2 m, and (3) the exposure error is improved by 2 to 5 times. Testing results indicated the effectiveness of the new algorithm according to the variational approach. More specific algorithms could be similarly further formulated and evaluated. This study promotes the practical application of ORS-CT mapping of atmospheric chemicals.
Technical note: A view from space on global flux towers by MODIS and Landsat: The FluxnetEO dataset
Authors: Walther Sophia , Besnard Simon , Nelson Jacob A. , El-Madany Tarek S. , Migliavacca Mirco , Weber Ulrich , Ermida Sofia L. , Brümmer Christian , Schrader Frederik , Prokushkin Anatoly S. , Panov Alexey V. , Jung Martin
Published: November 2021

Abstract. The eddy-covariance technique measures carbon, water, and energy fluxes between the land surface and the atmosphere at several hundreds of sites globally. Collections of standardised and homogenised flux estimates such as the LaThuile, Fluxnet2015, National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON), Integrated Carbon Observation System (ICOS), AsiaFlux, and Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network (TERN) / OzFlux data sets are invaluable to study land surface processes and vegetation functioning at the ecosystem scale. Space-borne measurements give complementary information on the state of the land surface in the surroundings of the towers. They aid the interpretation of the fluxes and support the training and validation of ecosystem models. However, insufficient quality, frequent and/or long gaps are recurrent problems in applying the remotely sensed data and may considerably affect the scientific conclusions drawn from them. Here, we describe a standardised procedure to extract, quality filter, and gap-fill Earth observation data from the MODIS instruments and the Landsat satellites. The methods consistently process surface reflectance in individual spectral bands, derived vegetation indices and land surface temperature. A geometrical correction estimates the magnitude of land surface temperature as if seen from nadir or 40° off-nadir. We offer to the community pre-processed Earth observation data in a radius of 2 km around 338 flux sites based on the MCD43A4/A2, MxD11A1 MODIS products and Landsat collection~1 Tier1 and Tier2 products. The data sets we provide can widely facilitate the integration of activities in the fields of eddy-covariance, remote sensing and modelling.