bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Revisiting the question of endolymphatic therapy
Authors: Kajryak O. V. , Gubergrits N. B.
Published: December 2023

Lymphotropic therapy was the first step in the development of endolymphatic therapy. Lymphotropic therapy was carried out by creating a subcutaneous depot of a contrast agent or injecting the drug directly into the lymph node. The next step was the introduction of the drug into the lymphatic system by a single puncture of the peripheral lymphatic vessel. After G. V. Bondar put his idea into action by making a special tool, it became possible to do long-term endolymphatic infusion.

Lymphatic catheterization is performed in a clean operating room. Catheterization of the thigh lymphatic vessels is the most common technique. A network of superficial lymphatic vessels extends from the medial edge of the sartorius muscle into the subcutaneous fat, reaching the lower superficial inguinal lymph nodes. The deep lymphatic vessels of the thigh are adjacent to the femoral vein. The use of a longitudinal or longitudinal-oblique skin incision is preferable. The benefits of this access are that lymphatic vessels can be catheterized more than once during chemotherapy and wounds heal faster because the skin is cut along the fibers instead of across them.

When comparing endolymphatic and intravenous methods of administration of platinum group chemotherapy drugs in combination with fluorouracil or methotrexate in 289 patients with T3N0-1 M0-1 ovarian cancer, the vast majority of whom had serous adenocarcinomas (85.62±2.77 and 84.93±3.17), a significantly higher frequency of complete and partial regressions was registered (59.63±3.87%) with the endolymphatic technique than with intravenous administration (32.03±4.14%).

Endolymphatic chemotherapy with fluorouracil 700–800 m g/m daily for 5 days in combination with intravenous administration of doxorubicin 40 mg/m in the treatment of patients with advanced, inoperable gastric cancer (n=33) increased overall efficacy to 39.4%±8.5% when compared to patients (n=32) who received the same drugs intravenously (12.5%±5.84%). The compared groups had significantly different median survival (35 and 19 weeks) and life expectancy (41.3±4.4 and 23.8±3.4 weeks).

The endolymphatic administration of cytostatics, which demonstrates less toxicity compared to the intravenous one, has the right to exist and the potential to further develop improved techniques of administration.
Relief of symptoms of gastric and intestinal dyspepsia in chronic pancreatitis
Authors: Gubergrits N. B. , Byelyayeva N. V. , Suprun O. O.
Published: December 2023

The authors examined 62 patients with chronic pancreatitis (CP). The diagnosis was confirmed by the typical clinical picture of CP, the phenomenon of “deviation” of enzymes in the blood (monitored by the levels of α-amylase, pancreatic blood isoamylase, and blood lipase), and typical sonographic changes in the pancreas. There were 34 (54.8%) women and 28 (45.2%) men among the patients. Their ages ranged from 27 to 63. The control group had 30 almost healthy people.

The severity of subjective manifestations (complaints) was assessed before and after treatment by an indicator of moderate severity using a semi-quantitative scale.

To assess the gastric evacuation rate, a 13C-octane breath test was performed before and after treatment.

To diagnose the small intestinal bacterial overgrowth syndrome, a hydrogen breath test was performed before and after treatment.

The patients were divided into two groups. The main group included 32 (51.6%) patients, and the comparison group included 30 (48.4%) patients. Patients of the main group were administered conventional CP treatment (antisecretory drugs, infusion therapy, if necessary, antibiotics, analgesics, and Creon® as an enzyme preparation), as well as domperidone 10 mg 3 times a day 15–20 min before meals, a preparation containing Bacillus clausii spores, one vial 3 times a day between meals (at regular intervals) for 3 weeks. Patients in the comparison group received only conventional treatment.

The inclusion of domperidone and a preparation containing Bacillus clausii spores in the therapeutic complex for CP patients (provided that Creon® was used as an enzyme preparation in the basic therapy) helps reduce the severity of the clinical manifestations of the disease. The obvious advantages of this therapeutic complex relate to the relief of pain and dyspeptic syndromes, especially the elimination of symptoms of intestinal dyspepsia.

Under the influence of treatment with domperidone, a drug that contains Bacillus clausii spores, and Creon®, the exocrine pancreatic function is optimized much better than when only conventional therapy is used. This is likely because Creon® is more effective in duodenal decontamination. 

Domperidone significantly accelerates initially delayed gastric evacuation in patients with CP.

The addition of a preparation containing Bacillus clausii spores to the conventional treatment effectively eliminates the bacterial overgrowth syndrome in exocrine pancreatic insufficiency.

The prospects of research are to study the dynamics of the sonographic manifestations of CP under the impact of treatment.
Spatial ecology of the Turks and Caicos Boa Chilabothrus c. chrysogaster Cope, 1871 (Serpentes: Boidae)
Authors: Reynolds R. Graham , Reger Molly E. , Peek Keeley J. , Raphael Bonnie L. , Colosimo Giuliano , Miller Aryeh H. , Vanerelli Alyssa A. , Gerber Glenn P.
Published: December 2023

Obtaining ecological and natural history data from cryptic squamates can be challenging, but is crucial to understanding species’ biology, particularly in the context of conservation. In the Greater Antilles, this challenge is especially apparent, particularly among the West Indian boas (genus Chilabothrus). Most species have had only minimal natural history study, with a few exceptions. The Turks and Caicos boa (C. chrysogaster) has been studied intensively for over 16 years on the small privately owned island of Big Ambergris Cay, Turks and Caicos Islands. We conducted a multi-year radio-tracking study on the species to generate information relevant to spatial habitat use and movement that will inform conservation decision-making in the face of increasing development pressure. We tracked a total of 19 female snakes using surgically implanted transmitters, enabling us to obtain between 16 and 40 location observations per boa over the lifetime of each transmitter. We found that females have an average home range of 1.83 ha and a core space use area of 0.39 ha. We also estimated occurrence distributions, the use of space between specific time intervals, finding an average occurrence area of 0.76 ha. Several females overlapped in their spatial habitat use, with an average overlap proportion of 28 %. During this study we observed female boas using two novel habitats for the species (iron shore wrack and red mangrove). This study provides valuable information on the spatial ecology of an endangered boa and will serve to inform conservation work that is currently underway. Keywords: conservation, movement, home range, snake, spatial ecology
Deformation as a process to transform shape and volume of protective structures of the development mine workings during coal-rock mass off-loading
Authors: Chepiga Daria , Bessarab Iryna , Hnatiuk Vitalii , Tkachuk Oleksandr , Kipko Oleksandr , Podkopaiev Serhii
Published: December 2023

Purpose is to assess deformation characteristics of protective structures while coal-rock mass off-loading to ensure wall rock stability as well as operating conditions of the development mine workings in coal mines. Methods. In a laboratory environment, uniaxial compression of protective structures has been applied on the models to identify the influence by deformation processes on the changes in their rigidness resulting from the shape and volume transformation. Findings. Under the deformation of rigid structures in the context of a safe strain resource, potential energy of their changes in shape is 4.1-6.5 times higher than the one of changes in volume. Beyond the safe deformation resource when critical level of the specific potential strain energy has been exceeded, strength of protective structures is not sufficient to restrict wall rock movement limiting their use. If relative volume variation in the rigid protective structures is δV > 0.06-0.082 then they lose their stability. Under such conditions, structural rigidity decreases by 14-22%. If pliable wooden protective structures are used then relative 0.62 ≤ δV ≤ 0.72 volume change doubles their rigidity. In the circumstances, the potential shape change energy is 2.1 times higher than the volume change energy; the abovementioned favours temporary compaction of wooden components of the compressive structure while improving its resistivity. Originality. Regularities of changes in the specific potential deformation energy of protective structures depending upon their shape and volume variation in terms of uniaxial compression have been identified. Practical implications. To ensure stability of wall rocks and maintain operating conditions of the development mine wor-kings, it is reasonable to apply pliable wooden protective structures which will help restrict roof and floor movements after their compaction. Insufficient residual strength of rigid protective structures, resulting if they lose their stability, provokes rock failure within the working areas of coal mines.
Studying sinkholes of the earth’s surface involving radar satellite interferometry in terms of Zhezkazgan field, Kazakhstan
Authors: Baltiyeva Aminyam , Orynbassarova Elmira , Zharaspaev Madiyar , Akhmetov Rustem
Published: December 2023

Purpose is to assess the potential of radar satellite interferometry (SAR interferometry) to analyze and forecast earth’s surface displacements. Methods. The study involves the analysis of previous instrumental observations, such as high-precision levelling and seismic monitoring. The observations using global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) were carried out; satellite images were processed applying a method of sequential interferometry of persistent radar signal scatters (PS). Findings. The research results have proved similarity between the data obtained with the help of ground instrumental methods and the data received using satellite interferometry. Two types of the earth’s surface sinkholes were identified: sinkholes with smooth subsidence and hidden deformations that are not accompanied by the preliminary deformational or seismic signs. Smooth subsidence is controlled and predicted successfully with the help of the SAR interferometry methods. An algorithm has been represented to predict linear displacement trends at different time intervals involving a finite element method. Originality is in a complex approach of the research performance covering the following: comparative analysis of different monitoring methods, studying different sinkhole types, identifying limitations of the available methods, and proposing new approaches for more accurate and objective analysis of the earth’s surface deformation within the field. Practical implications. The research results are of practical value for rock mechanic specialists and mining operators. They can use the data to monitor and control earth’s surface caving as well as provide staff safety and preserve ground infrastructure where it is possible.
Influence of the leakage in air supply networks on the efficiency of application of pneumatic backfill equipment
Authors: Ponomarenko Serhii , Potapchuk Іryna , Zhevzhyk Oleksandr , Kabakova Liudmyla , Potapchuk Anna
Published: December 2023

Purpose. Determining the influence of the degree of pneumatic energy losses in the non-hermetic air supply network on the efficiency of using installed equipment in the pneumatic method of waste utilization from mining and beneficiation of minerals. To achieve this purpose, a tightness control device was developed using the method of fixed volumes. Methods. Using the molecular-kinetic theory of gases, the thermodynamics and hydrodynamics laws, the characteristics of an open thermodynamic system under excess pressure and with a degree of a capillary-type leakage are investigated. Pneumatic energy losses in the pneumatic supply pipeline are determined by the mass of compressed air leaked due to its poor tightness. Findings. The peculiarities of the tightness control of hollow products by the method of fixed volumes have been summarized. The dependences of non-production losses of compressed air and the corresponding pressure drop on the geometric characteristics of the air supply pipeline, the leakage in supply pipeline, and the time of assessing the degree of leakage have been determined. Originality. For the first time, the relationship between the parameters of compressed air in an open thermodynamic system under excess pressure during air leakage and its heat exchange with the environment has been revealed. The influence of compressed air leakage in air supply networks on the efficiency of using vibration-pneumatic machines with an annular ejector in backfill technologies has been determined. Practical implications. The research results can be used to improve the existing or develop the new technological schemes of air supply equipment that use pneumatic energy at mining and metallurgical enterprises. Minimization of energy consumption can significantly expand the scope of application of pneumatic backfilling method.
Examining the properties, behaviour in firing and potential application of coal mine overburden for stoneware ceramics
Authors: Nugroho Totok , Subari  , Erlangga Bagus D , Supriyadi  , Birawidha David C , Siagian Arifin
Published: December 2023

Purpose. A binary mixture of a ceramic body was studied, incorporating overburden from a coal mine site in Bontang, East Kalimantan, Indonesia. This overburden material has been tested for the manufacture of stone-ceramic body. Methods. The initial characterization of overburden materials includes testing the chemical composition by XRF analysis and mineral content by XRD analysis on raw materials and overburden exposed to high temperature. The composition of ceramic specimens is a mixture of 85% overburden material and 15% fine sand. Firing temperatures in the range of 900-1100°C were applied to the ceramic body specimen. Then, ceramic properties, such as physical color, plasticity, shrinkage, water absorption and density were analyzed. Findings. The results show that the ceramic specimen experiences densification when exposed to high temperature in this range, which in turn contributes to low water absorption and high flexural strength. This ultimately results in low water absorption below 1.0% at 1100°C, which is favorable for stoneware type of ceramics. The mechanical properties of specimen at 1000°C is in accordance with stoneware body standard. In addition to this, it is believed to be more energy efficient, since the low firing temperature is sufficient to achieve the stoneware specification. Originality. The binary clay-based ceramic have been tested using coal mine overburden and river sand with a high Fe2O3 content. Together with the presence of alkali oxides and calcium in the raw materials, this can potentially reduce the use of fluxing agent. A comprehensive study has been conducted on the characteristics, firing effect and application of stoneware. Practical implications. Some ceramic prototypes from this result were also made using a rotary technique and heated in this temperature range. Since overburden is generally considered to be backfill material, the selective clay material application for ceramics can provide the potential to stimulate local product innovation by utilizing easily available overburden materials.
Assessment of the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the labor market in Moscow
Authors: Nikonova Mariya
Published: December 2023

The work is devoted to the analysis of changes in the Moscow labor market during the Covid-19 pandemic and its comparison with national trends. It is shown that the Moscow labor market differs from the all-Russian one not only in terms of the structure of employees by type of economic activity, but also in different recovery rates after the pandemic. The Covid-19 pandemic has also led to an expansion of digitalization, which has affected both the growth in the number of vacancies with the ability to work remotely and the proportion of people employed in the field of information and communications.
Extended mathematical model formulation of freight rail transportation optimal planning problem. Prohibition of double empty runs and consideration of customer ratings
Authors: Belousov Fedor
Published: December 2023

The paper presents extended versions of mathematical formulations of problems of managing a fleet of railway gondola cars. As a rule, scientific papers consider relatively simple statements of transport problems that do not take into account a number of features that arise when solving real problems. Within the framework of this work, two additional constraints are studied that may be relevant in solving practical problems. This is a restriction that takes into account quality of customers who form requests for cargo transportation, and a restriction on the prohibition of double empty runs. The quality of each customer is determined by using a given customer rating, in this case, new constraint in the transport problem is set through a weighted average rating of the entire transportation plan.
Effect of diluters on frozen semen production of Black Bengal Goat
Authors: Rimi MA , Akter T , Akhtar MM , Khandoker MAMY
Published: December 2023

The present study was undertaken to investigate the efficacy of three diluters (Triladyl, Andromed and Tris) for the production of frozen semen in Black Bengal goat and their effect on conception rate. Over the course of 6 months, data from six bucks were collected. Each collected sample was diluted with Triladyl, Andromed and Tris diluter, filled into 0.50 ml straws, sealed and equilibrated at 5℃ for freezing. The motility, viability and morphology were evaluated after dilution and in every step of cryopreservation (after equilibration, after freezing and after thawing). It became clear that motility and sperm viability of the frozen thawed semen differed significantly (p<0.05) but differed insignificantly (p>0.05) immediate after dilution among the diluters. The motility of frozen thawed semen was 42.50%±1.71, 34.67%±1.67 and 28.71%±1.55 in Triladyl, Andromed and Tris diluter, respectively. The viability of frozen thawed semen was 40.51%±1.78, 32.24%±1.52 and 26.84%±1.56 in Triladyl, Andromed and Tris diluter, respectively. In case of morphology, it differed insignificantly (p>0.05) among the diluters in every step of cryopreservation. Higher percentage of normal spermatozoa was found in Triladyl based diluter (87.11%) in frozen thawed semen. After 15 days of sample preparation, the motility of prepared sample was again checked to ensure the quality of frozen semen in liquid nitrogen (LN). It differed insignificantly (p>0.05) with frozen thawed semen after 24 hours of production. The obtained conception rate was 38% for Triladyl, 35% for Andromed and 27% for Tris diluter. The results of the study revealed that cryopreservation of buck semen revealed good results with Triladyl diluter followed by Andromed and Tris diluter.
Bangladesh Journal of Animal Science 52 (4): 105-113
Prevalence of Hypersensitivity Reaction in Patients Attending Selected Diagnostic Centers NOVA/SOMLAB in Benadir Region, Somalia
Authors: Abdiaziz Abdullahi Abdulkadir , Rahman Md Ashiqur , Hossain Md Biplob , Islam Sadia , Rahaman Shohanur , Chanda Manashe , Mahbub Afsana , Biswas Tapos , Akram Arifa
Published: December 2023

Background: The immune system plays a crucial role in maintaining health and protecting the human body against microbial invasions.
Objective: The purpose of the present study was to assess the prevalence of hypersensitivities reaction in allergic patient attending selected diagnostic centers.
Methodology: This cross- sectional was performed at selected hospitals. The study was carried out from 01st August 2023 to 30th November 2023 at the Immunology department of Nova Diagnostic and Research Institute, Somalia. There 300 samples were included in this study. Questionnaire and investigation (Sample Testing) was used as the main instrument for collecting patient socio-demographic profile and laboratory test were done at Nova diagnostic center.
Results: A total 300 participants were enrolled in this study. Among the 300 the predominant the prevalence of respondents was high which was 273(91%) cases and most of the participants were Banana allergic which was 215 (71.7%) cases. Maximum cases were from age group of 2-20 years (48%) and followed by 21-39 years (22%), 40-58 years (17.67%) and >58 years (12.33%). There was a statistically significant correlation between allergic status and education (P=0.003), but not between allergic status and age group (P=00.219) or gender (P=0.456).
Conclusion: The study revealed a significant correlation between allergic status and education, indicating that the majority of participants were allergic to bananas.
Bangladesh Journal of Infectious Diseases, December 2023;10(2):85-91
Laboratory Diagnosis of Genital Tuberculosis: A Narrative Review
Authors: Moureen Adneen
Published: December 2023

Genital tuberculosis is a leading cause of infertility in high tuberculosis burden countries like Bangladesh. Diagnosing this condition can be challenging due to the diverse ways it can present, which requires a physician to have a high level of suspicion. The fallopian tubes are mainly affected, and the endometrium in 50% of cases1. Diagnostic modalities usually include histopathology, microscopy, solid and liquid culture tests, Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) tests, immunohistochemistry tests, radiology imaging and laparoscopic and hysteroscopic procedures.

Bangladesh Journal of Infectious Diseases, December 2023;10(2):92-100
Innovative Approaches for Ecological Monitoring Disease Outbreaks Carried by Horseflies (Diptera, Tabanidae): A Systematic Review
Authors: Sivkova Elena , Domatskiy Vladimir
Published: December 2023

Background: The spread and adaptation of horseflies to new habitats, driven by global climate change, threatens not only animal health but also human well-being.
Objective: This article addresses the significant health risks posed by horseflies, which are known carriers of multiple pathogens causing up to 25 different infectious, parasitic, and viral diseases, including anthrax, tularemia, leptospirosis, and anaplasmosis.
Methodology: The study provided an overview based on an extensive literature review from 1929 to 2022, analyzing both Russian and English publications.
Results: The 2011 tularemia outbreak in Norway, linked to lemming population surges, and the higher susceptibility among men in Slovakia's annual tularemia cases highlight the role of animal reservoirs and gender in disease transmission. Leptospirosis, prevalent globally except in cold regions, is influenced by climate events, with significant public health impacts observed in various regions, including Russia and the Philippines following natural disasters. Anaplasmosis, transmitted by insects and ticks and more prevalent in warmer months, remains under-researched, with its rising threat exemplified by the growing ixodes tick population in Belarus.
Conclusion: In conclusion, understanding the epidemiology and sources of these diseases, along with recognizing the environmental and anthropogenic factors that influence their transmission, is vital. The study underscores the importance of ongoing surveillance, research, and preventive measures to mitigate the impact of these infectious diseases on public health.
Bangladesh Journal of Infectious Diseases, December 2023;10(2):77-84
Microbiologists M.R. Sharipova and A.M. Mardanova are Talented Students and Teachers
Authors: Trushin Maxim
Published: December 2023

The history of the formation and development of the microbiological discipline at the Imperial Kazan University began in the middle of the XIX century. Then the first attempts were made to control infectious processes in the Kazan province (cholera, influenza, smallpox). With the advent of the microscope, university researchers have gained a new opportunity to observe microorganisms. At the end of the 19th century, the issues of medical and general microbiology were widely discussed in the scientific community of the city. At the very beginning of the twentieth century, the Bacteriological Institute was opened at the Faculty of Medicine, which became the flagship of these studies. However, microbiological research began to develop at other faculties of Kazan University already under Soviet rule (the work of A.P. Ponomarev and his student S.I. Limanova-Kolosova). They mainly dealt with issues of ecological and geological microbiology. At the very beginning of the Great Patriotic War, the University Laboratory of Microbiology was headed by M.I. Belyaeva, who in 1969 achieved the opening of the Department of Microbiology as part of the Biology and Soil Faculty of Kazan State University named after V.I. Ulyanov-Lenin. She was the founder of a new modern direction — the study of enzymes of microorganisms. Her students, who later became professors, R.P. Naumova and I.B. Leshchinskaya, have already educated their talented followers. This article is devoted to a review of the scientific and pedagogical activities of professors M.R. Sharipova and A.M. Mardanova, employees of the Department of Microbiology of Kazan Federal University.
Bangladesh Journal of Infectious Diseases, December 2023;10(2):104-109
Analyzing the Landuse Land Cover Change of Sonadia Island From 1990 to 2020
Authors: Nusrat Munira , Mim Maisha Hossain , Kabir Md Humayun
Published: December 2023

Remote sensing and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are essential tools in determining the spatiotemporal extent of Landuse, and Land Cover (LULC) changes, as well as a variety of individual concerns, such as annual and seasonal changes in LULC caused by human interferences and interactions between the physical environment, cultural context, and anthropogenic factors. This study focuses on the LULC change of Sonadia Island, and it uses multi-temporal Landsat imagery from 1990 through 2020. The output analysis revealed four sub-features: mudflats, vegetation, open space, and water bodies. Vegetation cover decreased from 1486.71 hectares in 1990 to 986.13 hectares in 2000, and in 2020, the total area covered by vegetation increased significantly, reaching 1186.47 hectares, up from 497.97 hectares in 2010. Open space increased from 317.16 hectares in 1990 to 510.75 hectares in 2000. The net area expanded to 631.98 hectares in 2010 and then lost to 421.29 hectares in 2020. There was a consistent increase in the mudflats section from 1990 to 2010, when the amounts were 491.4 and 1179 hectares, respectively. By 2020, the area extent decreased to 796.41 hectares. From 1990 to 2000, the waterbody declined from 305.46 to 262.17 hectares, then slightly increased to 291.78 hectares in 2010, and then shrank again to 196.56 hectares in 2020. Therefore, this study could help policymakers decide on future landscape planning and evaluate Sonadia Island's current condition for long-term coastal management.
J. Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 49(2): 139-148, December 2023
Abundance and Control of Rugose Spiraling Whitefly, Aleurodicus Rugioperculatus Martin, Infesting Coconut in Seven Coastal Districts of Bangladesh
Authors: Khan Md Mohasin Hussain
Published: December 2023

A survey was conducted in the farmers’ orchards of 7 coastal districts, namely Patuakhali, Barguna, Barishal, Khulna, Bhola, Laxmipur, and Noakhali of Bangladesh to know the abundance of rugose spiraling whitefly on coconut and an experiment consisting of 5 treatments and an untreated control following RCBD with 3 replications was also carried out for controlling rugose spiraling whitefly at Patuakhlai Science and Technology University (PSTU) campus during January to May, 2022. Results revealed that the highest abundance (23 egg spirals, 34 nymphs, 31 adults per leaflet, respectively) of rugose spiraling whitefly was found at Khulna, followed by Noakhali (19 egg spirals, 31 nymphs, 27 adults per leaflet, respectively) while the lowest (9 egg spirals, 13 nymphs, 11 adults per leaflet, respectively) was in Patuakhali among 7 coastal districts. Although all insecticidal treatments (T1 = Tyfos 48 EC (Chlorpyrifos) @ 1 ml/L of water, T2= Caught 10 EC (Cypermethrin) @ 1 ml/L of water, T3 = Nitro 505 EC (Chlorpyrifos + Cypermethrin) @ 1 ml/L of water, T4= Fyfanon 57 EC (Malathion) @ 1 ml/L of water,   T5= Bioclean @ 1 ml/L of water) effectively reduced the different stages of rugose spiraling whiteflies compared to untreated control, the lowest mean number of egg spirals (0.00), nymphs (0.11) and adults (0.11) per leaflet were obtained by the application of Nitro 505EC @ 1 ml/L of water followed by Bioclean @ 1 ml/L of water at 3 DAS. The highest percent reduction of egg spirals (100%), nymph (98.82%), and adult (98.79%) of whitefly population over control were also obtained by the application of Nitro 505EC @ 1 ml/L of water followed by Bioclean @ 1 ml/l of water at 3 DAS. These two chemicals were found to be very effective for controlling rugose spiraling whiteflies. Considering environmental safety, Bioclean @ 1 ml/L of water is recommended to use against this pest as an eco-friendly approach for safe food production.
J. Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 49(2): 165-177, December 2023
Livelihood Impact Due to Riverbank Erosion Among the Affected Households Along the River Jamuna of Bangladesh
Authors: Hossain Md Faruk , Fahad Shakib Al
Published: December 2023

The present study examines the impacts of riverbank erosion on locals' lives and livelihoods in a particular area of the Jamuna River floodplain of Bangladesh. Riverbank erosion causes thousands of people to be affected, resulting in damage and loss of crops, cattle, housing structures, and farmland. It also erodes public infrastructures and communication networks significantly. This study undertakes empirical methods (including the open-ended questionnaire with a total of 155 households) to demonstrate the study's findings. The lack of adequate measures is the major factor associated with riverbank erosion in the study area. Land property loss becomes one of the major threats among the surveyed families. Some mitigation measures, such as using Geo bags and concrete blocks to protect the banks and operation of dredging machines to divert the water flow, are observed in the study area to reduce erosion. However, these measures are not bringing any effective solution to the local people’s livelihoods due to the slow ongoing work processes.
J. Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 49(2): 179-191, December 2023
Vegetation Dynamics of Coastal Mangrove Forest
Authors: Miah Md Abdul Quddus
Published: December 2023

In the man-made coastal forest, the vegetation dynamics of protected and unprotected coastal forests have been identified. This study examined and quantified the impacts of grazing on coastal vegetation. The investigation was conducted between January 2013 and December 2020. In a transect line, fifty-two distinct tree, herb, and shrub species were found in unprotected coastal areas, and 36 were found in protected areas. After eight years, the number of saplings (p=0.031), poles (p=0.030), and total (p=0.026) (seedling, sapling, and pole) regeneration were substantially different between protected and unprotected areas. The current study found no significant differences in regeneration and tree density after one and five years of establishing the protected zones. The greatest number of natural poles were found in protected and unprotected areas from 2017 to 2020. The changes in tree density were considerable (p=0.03) after eight years. From 2014 to 2017, the highest rate of seedling recruitment was 36622 to 43439 individuals observed in protected and unprotected areas. In protected areas, Excoecaria agallocha L. and Avicinnia officinalis L. had the most extensive regeneration coverage, and nine species of seedlings, saplings, and poles were seen in 2013 protected areas. After 8 years, E. agallocha had a 47.01% while Phoenix paludosa Roxb. had a 30.81% success rate. In 2020, seedlings of Pongamia pinnata L. (6.6%), Herietiera fomes Buch.-Ham. (5.5%), A. officnalis (5.30%) and the remaining six species were also seen. The species E. agallocha comprised 69.11% of the trees at Soner Char tree density, followed by Sonneratia apetala Buch.-Ham. (23.30%), P. paludosa (8.82%), H. fomes (3.43%), and the remaining two species in 2020. After eight years, the species S. apetala declined by 43.64% and 23.90% in protected and unprotected areas, respectively. The species Phoenix paludosa, H. fomes, A. officinalis, and Dolichandrone spathacea (L.F) Baill. Ex K. Schum. was found to replace S. apetala in protected areas. Grazing affects the natural recruitment stage of saplings and poles and tree stem density in unprotected areas. The observations assume that S. apetala will diminish due to climatic conditions, and E. agallocha will become the main dominating species in coastal areas.
J. Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 49(2): 203-224, December 2023
A Comprehensive Review on Black Nightshade (Solanum Nigrum): Chemical Constituents, Pharmacological Activities and Its Role in COVID-19 Treatment
Authors: Anzoom Sifat , Tahsin Md Rafat , Kabir Shaila , Amran Md Shah
Published: December 2023

Three-fourths of the world’s population uses 30% of all plant species as a safe source of disease control and treatment. Similarly, Solanum nigrum (Black nightshade), a therapeutic herb with small, spherical berry fruits, is used as an herbal remedy to treat many different diseases, including respiratory diseases. According to recent research, this plant can aid in the management of COVID-19. Alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, glycoproteins, tannins, polysaccharides, polyphenolic compounds etc. are found in this plant. Among them, polyphenolic compounds are mostly responsible for showing various pharmacological activity. Anti-tumor, antioxidant, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, anti-seizure, immunostimulant, hepatoprotective, antimicrobial activities are shown by S. nigrum according to multiple studies. The aim of this article is to compile different aspect of this plant like plant description, uses, chemical constituents, pharmacological activities and especially its role in the management of COVID-19 and probable mechanism behind this role.
J. Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 49(2): 237-263, December 2023
Achievement of livelihood aspirations of women farmers through participation in government extension services
Authors: Hasan Md Faruq , Yeasmin Lilufa , Mondol Md Abu Sayed , Rahman Sabbbir Md Mahfuzur , Sarmin Susmita
Published: December 2023

Participation in government extension programs can help women farmers to achieve their livelihood aspirations. The study aimed to determine the achievement of women farmers' livelihood aspirations, find its relationships with their selected characteristics, and identify the problems they faced in achieving livelihood aspirations and their potential solutions. Data were collected from 115 randomly selected respondents out of the population of 1148 from Phulbari Upazila of Dinajpur district using a pre-tested interview schedule from 15 February to 25 March 2019. A four-point rating scale measured the achievement of livelihood aspirations of the women farmers along with 30 activities covering five dimensions. The mean achievement of livelihood aspirations score was 43.74, with a standard deviation of 10.76. The achievement of livelihood aspirations was maximum for household food security and minimum for access to market opportunity. The majority of the women farmers (80.9%) belong to the medium status of livelihood aspirations, while only 10.4 % and 8.7% achieved low and high livelihood aspirations, respectively. Six out of eleven selected characteristics of the women farmers, such as educational qualification, farm size, organizational participation, use of information sources, agricultural knowledge, and attitude towards agricultural activities, showed significant positive relationships with their achievement of livelihood aspirations. The most reported problem faced by women farmers in achieving livelihood aspirations through agricultural activities is the “lack of quality seeds and seedlings”. Similarly, their top-ranked suggestion was to assure the quality and availability of seeds and seedlings as and when required at a reasonable price from government organizations. The agricultural extension programs should be designed with a gender-inclusive approach and take into account the specific needs and problems faced by women farmers to achieve their livelihood aspirations.
South Asian J. Agric., Vol. 9, No.1&2, 2022-‘23: 39-51
Farmer Insights Regarding Zero Tillage Systems Against Weeds in the Eastern Gangetic Plains of South Asia
Authors: Suri Bhavya , Timsina Pragya , Chaudhary Anjana , Karki Emma , Sharma Akriti , Sharma Rama , Gartaula Hom Nath , Brown Brendan
Published: December 2023

A large amount of literature has now proven that Zero Tillage (ZT) as a part of Conservation Agriculture-based Sustainable Intensification (CASI) practices has the potential to help smallholder farmers in the Eastern Gangetic Plains (EGP) of South Asia transition to more productive, profitable, and sustainable production systems. Despite this, changes in weed management under ZT are commonly identified as a constraint to wider adoption, based primarily on quantitative investigations. Yet the contribution of this to farmers’ evaluation and adoption behaviour remains underexplored. To address this issue, we explore farmers’ perceptions of CASI-based herbicide weed management systems using semi-structured interviews from six locations across the EGP. This study identifies a divergence in experiences with herbicides, both geographically (with Sunsari and Bihar more negative than other locations) and in terms of user typologies (where users are overwhelmingly positive, and non-users are overwhelmingly negative). This divergence suggests that an information void exists that has the potential to contribute strongly to the negative evaluation of CASI, as well as potentially negative changes in household labour dynamics. To overcome this, promotional efforts should target education and training programs that address how to effectively spray, potentially with increased emphasis on use of weather forecasting. This would ensure equitable outcomes for household members, and increased interest and use of CASI could be promoted.
South Asian J. Agric., Vol. 9, No.1&2, 2022-‘23: 52-63
Pengaruh moralitas dan kepemimpinan kepala desa terhadap kepatuhan wajib pajak bumi dan bangunan
Authors: Sari Widia Eka , Fahmi Muhammad , Kusuma Gumulya Sonny Marcel , Zuraidah Ida
Published: December 2023

This study aims to determine the effect of the morality and leadership of the village head on the compliance of land and building tax payers in the village of Rimba Jaya, Air Kumbang District, Banyuasin Regency. The type of research used in this study was associative research. The research was conducted in the village of Rimba Jaya, Air Kumbang District, Banyuasin Regency. The population in this study were 956 taxpayers registered at Bapenda Banyuasin. The sampling technique used in this study was (simple random sampling). The data used are primary and secondary data. Data collection methods used were interviews and questionnaires. The data analysis method used in this research is quantitative analysis. The data analysis technique used in this research is validity test, reliability test, classical assumption test, coefficient of determination, multiple linear regression analysis, f test and t test. The results of this study simultaneously show that the morality and leadership of the village head have a significant effect on the compliance of land and building tax payers. Partially, morality has a significant effect on land and building tax payer compliance. Village head leadership does not have a significant effect on land and building tax payer compliance.
Analisis Reaksi Emiten Yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia Terhadap Dampak Covid-19
Authors: Nababan Alwi Ihsan , Irawati Nisrul , Muluk Chairul
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this study was to find out and analyze differences in Abnormal Return & Trading Volume Activity before and after the announcement of the first case of Covid-19 in Indonesia, Micro-Scale Lockdown and Emergency Lockdown in companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2020-2021 period. The type of research used is case study research (Event Study). The samples were 48 companies listed in Healthcare, Technology, Transportation & Logistics sectors listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2020-2021, taken by using a purposive sampling technique. The analysis technique used is the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. The results showed there was no significant difference in abnormal returns on the announcement of the first case of Covid-19 in Indonesia, Micro-Scale PPKM, and Emergency PPKM in the Healthcare, Technology, Transportation & Logistics sector. There is a significant difference in Trading Volume Activity on the announcement of the first case of Covid-19 in Indonesia, Micro-Scale PPKM but there is no significant difference in Trading Volume Activity before and after Emergency PPKM in the Healthcare sector. There is a significant difference in Trading Volume Activity on Micro-Scale PPKM but there is no significant difference in Trading Volume Activity before and after the announcement of the first case of Covid-19 in Indonesia and Emergency PPKM in the Technology sector. There is no significant difference in Trading Volume Activity on the announcement of the first case of Covid-19 in Indonesia, Micro-Scale PPKM, and Emergency PPKM in the Transportation & Logistics sector.
Pengaruh Rasio Keuangan Terhadap Harga Saham Sektor Perbankan Selama Pandemi Covid-19 2019-2021
Authors: Simanjuntak Joshua
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this study is to obtain empirical evidence regarding the effect of financial ratios on stock prices. The ratios used are NPM, DER, CR, ROA and TATO. The population of this study are all banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in 2029-2021 which year is the beginning and peak of the Covid-19 pandemic. The sampling technique uses purposive sampling. Data analysis technique using panel data regression with e-views application 10. The population of this study amounted to 47 companies and the samples obtained were 37 companies. Observations made by researchers on 141 company years. This study proves, first, that the NPM variable is supported or the results show negative. Second, the DER variable has a negative effect on stock prices. Third, the CR variable is not supported. Fourth, the ROA variable in the fourth hypothesis must be discarded because all the assumptions needed in the first data processing are not supported, so data transformation is needed. Fifth, the TATO variable affects stock prices.
Kata kunci: NPM, DER, CR, ROA, TATO, Harga Saham.
The purpose of this study is to obtain empirical evidence regarding the effect of financial ratios on stock prices. The ratios used are NPM, DER, CR, ROA and TATO. The population of this study are all banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in 2029-2021 which year is the beginning and peak of the Covid-19 pandemic. The sampling technique uses purposive sampling. Data analysis technique using panel data regression with e-views application 10. Observations made by researchers on 141 company years. This study proves, first, the NPM variable in the first hypothesis is not supported or the results show negative. Second, the DER variable in the second hypothesis is supported, namely DER has a negative effect on stock prices. Third, the CR variable in the third hypothesis is not supported. Fourth, the ROA variable in the fourth hypothesis must be discarded because all the assumptions needed in the first data processing are not supported (figure 11) so that data transformation is needed.
Keywords: NPM, DER, CR, ROA, TATO, Stock Price.
Peran Aktor Pengamanan Keefektian Penganggaran: Studi Etnometodologi Di Sektor Publik
Authors: Husna Sabna Daniela , Septyan Krisno
Published: December 2023

This study aims to understand the meaning of the role of the Program and Budget Head in maintaining budget effectiveness at the Cilandak District office. This research took place in the Cilandak District office. Data were obtained through source triangulation and data triangulation. Source triangulation was carried out through interviews with the Head of Programs and Budgets and the Spending Treasurer. Meanwhile, data triangulation was obtained through the Budget Implementation Document (DPA) and the 2020 & 2021 Budget Realization Report. This researcher uses an ethnomethodological approach. The use of ethnomethodology aims to see the routines of the Head of Programs and Budgets in budgeting. The results of the study show that the preparation of the budget is quite good and effective, but cooperation between Heads of Sections is still needed in absorbing the budget, and if budget absorption is still below 91% it will have an impact on performance appraisal in the coming fiscal year.
Pengaruh Kepemilikan Institusional, Umur Perusahaan, dan Struktur Modal Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan
Authors: Murti Galuh Tresna , Saraswati Rr. Sri , Faizi Muhammad Fadly Nur
Published: December 2023

Firm value is an investor’s view of the level of success of a company associated with stock prices. The high value of a company will show shareholder prosperity and increase market confidence. The good value of the company will increase the interest of investors to invest in the company. The objective of this study is to determine the effect of institutional ownership, company age, and capital structure on firm value. In this study, 13 companies were involved as the study population with a unit sample of 65 healthcare sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. during the period 2018 to 2022 as research subjects. The sample selection technique in this study was purposive sampling. The data analysis method used in this study is descriptive statistics and panel data regression analysis using eviews 12.0 software. Descriptive statistics, classic firm assumption testing and hypothesis testing using the regression model for the information panels were used. Based on the results of the study, it is shown that institutional ownership, company age, and capital structure simultaneously have a significant effect on firm value. In the partial test of capital structure does not has a effect on the firm value, while the institutional ownership and company age have a effect on the firm value.