bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Comparison of Representation Learning Methods for Medical Concepts in MIMIC-IV
Authors: Wu Xuan , Zhao Yizheng , Yang Yang , Liu Zhangdaihong , Clifton David A.
Published: August 2022

Objective

To compare and release the diagnosis (ICD-10-CM), procedure (ICD-10-PCS), and medication (NDC) concept (code) embeddings trained by Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA), Word2Vec, GloVe, and BERT, for more efficient electronic health record (EHR) data analysis.

Materials and Methods

The embeddings were pre-trained by the four aforementioned models separately using the diagnosis, procedure, and medication information in MIMIC-IV. We interpreted the embeddings by visualizing them in 2D space and used the silhouette coefficient to assess the clustering ability of these embeddings. Furthermore, we evaluated the embeddings in three downstream tasks without fine-tuning: next visit diagnoses prediction, ICU patients mortality prediction, and medication recommendation.

Results

We found that embeddings pre-trained by GloVe have the best performance in the downstream tasks and the best interpretability for all diagnosis, procedure, and medication codes. In the next-visit diagnosis prediction, the accuracy of using GloVe embeddings was 12.2% higher than the baseline, which is the random generator. In the other two prediction tasks, GloVe improved the accuracy by 2%-3% over the baseline. LDA, Word2Vec, and BERT marginally improved the results over the baseline in most cases.

Discussion and Conclusion

GloVe shows superiority in mining diagnoses, procedures, and medications information of MIMIC-IV compared with LDA, Word2Vec, and BERT. Besides, we found that the granularity of training samples can affect the performance of models according to the downstream task and pre-train data.
An Investigation of Lead Concentration in the Breathing Air and the Blood of Automobile Welders in Birjand, Iran
Authors: Motamedrezaei Omolbanin , Gholami Abdolah , Sharifzadeh Gholamreza , Jahani Farnaz , Lotfi Hamed
Published: August 2022

Introduction

Lead is known as one of the most dangerous toxic metals in the world and its entry into the body can cause acute and chronic intoxication with a wide range of systemic symptoms. Our goal in the current research is to study the level of lead in the breathing zone and blood of the automobile welders in Birjand.

Methods

A cross-sectional, descriptive-analytic study was conducted on 47 automobile welders. The criteria for entering the study included, male gender, having at least 1 year of experience in automobile welding, and at least 8 hours of daily employment in welding. The general information required was collected through a questionnaire. At the beginning of the study, in each working environment air samples were taken in accordance with NIOSH 7082 standards. The analysis of the air lead concentration (ALC) was carried out by a flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The blood lead concentration (BLC) was measured by NIOSH 8003 method via graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometer.

Results

Based on the data, 12.8% of the workers were smokers and 66% used appropriate personal protective equipment. The average ALC was 0.0458 ± 0.0296 mg/m3 and the average BLC of automobile welders was 9.89 ± 7.32 μg/dL. Although Pearson correlation coefficient showed a positive correlation between ALCs and BLCs, this correlation was not statistically significant (p = 0.38, r = 0.18).

Conclusion

The findings of this study showed that the average BLC in cigarette smokers and those who did not use PPE was higher than other people; besides, it was higher in individuals over the age of 30 than those under this age. The mean BLC in automobile welders and the mean ALC corresponded to the standards of the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH).
Synergistic anti-phage activity of bacterial defence systems
Authors: Wu Yi , Garushyants Sofya K. , van den Hurk Anne , Aparicio-Maldonado Cristian , Kushwaha Simran Krishnakant , King Claire M. , Ou Yaqing , Todeschini Thomas C. , Clokie Martha R.J. , Millard Andrew D. , Gençay Yilmaz Emre , Koonin Eugene V. , Nobrega Franklin L.
Published: August 2022

Bacterial defence against phage predation involves diverse defence systems acting both individually and concurrently, yet their interactions remain poorly understood. We investigated >100 defence systems in 42,925 bacterial genomes and identified numerous instances of their non-random co-occurrence and mutual exclusion. For several pairs of defence systems significantly co-occurring inEscherichia colistrains, we demonstrate synergistic anti-phage activity, including tmn synergising with defence systems containing sensory switch ATPase domains. Some of the defence system pairs that are mutually exclusive inE. colisignificantly co-occur in other taxa, and one tested mutually exclusive pair showed synergy. These findings demonstrate compatibility and synergy between defence systems, allowing bacteria to adopt flexible strategies for phage defence, driven by specific environmental pressures. The evolution of bacterial immune repertoires seems to be shaped largely by selection for resistance to host-specific phages rather than by negative epistasis.
Tetraploidy-linked sensitization to CENP-E inhibition in human cells
Authors: Yoshizawa Koya , Matsura Akira , Shimada Masaya , Ishida-Ishihara Sumire , Yamamoto Takahiro , Yaguchi Kan , Kawamoto Eiji , Kuroda Taruho , Matsuo Kazuya , Tamaoki Nobuyuki , Sakai Ryuichi , Mishra Mithilesh , Uehara Ryota
Published: August 2022

Tetraploidy caused by whole-genome duplication is a hallmark of cancer cells, and tetraploidy-selective cell growth suppression is a potential strategy for targeted cancer therapy. However, how tetraploid cells differ from normal diploids in their sensitivity to anti-proliferative treatments remains largely unknown. In this study, we found that tetraploid cells are significantly more susceptible to inhibitors of a mitotic kinesin CENP-E than diploids. CENP-E inhibitor preferentially diminished the tetraploid cell population in diploid-tetraploid co-culture at optimum conditions. Live imaging revealed that tetraploidy-linked increase in unsolvable polar chromosome misalignment caused substantially longer mitotic delay in tetraploids than in diploids upon moderate CENP-E inhibition. This time gap of mitotic arrest resulted in cohesion fatigue and subsequent cell death, specifically in tetraploids, leading to tetraploidy-selective cell growth suppression. In contrast, the microtubule-stabilizing compound paclitaxel caused tetraploidy-selective growth suppression through the aggravation of spindle multipolarization. We also found that CENP-E inhibitor had superior generality to paclitaxel in its tetraploidy selectivity across a broader spectrum of cell lines. Our results highlight the unique properties of CENP-E inhibitors in tetraploidy-selective suppression, giving us clues on the further development of tetraploidy-targeting interventions in cancer.
3D reconstruction of the cerebellar germinal layer reveals intercytoplasmic connections between developing granule cells
Authors: Cordero Cervantes Diégo , Khare Harshavardhan , Wilson Alyssa Michelle , Mendoza Nathaly Dongo , Coulon--Mahdi Orfane , Lichtman Jeff William , Zurzolo Chiara
Published: August 2022

The difficulty of retrieving high-resolution,in vivoevidence of the proliferative- and migratory processes occurring in neural germinal zones has limited our understanding of neurodevelopmental mechanisms. Here, we employed a connectomic approach using a high-resolution, serial-sectioning scanning electron microscopy volume to investigate the laminar cytoarchitecture of the transient external granular layer (EGL) of the developing cerebellum, where granule cells coordinate a series of mitotic and migratory events. By integrating image segmentation, 3D reconstruction, and deep learning approaches, we discovered and characterized anatomically complex intercellular connections bridging pairs of cerebellar granule cells throughout the EGL. Connected cells were either mitotic, migratory, or transitioning between these two cell stages, displaying a chronological continuum of proliferative and migratory events never previously observedin vivoat this resolution. This unprecedented ultra-structural characterization poses intriguing hypotheses about intercellular connectivity between developing progenitors, and its possible role in the development of the central nervous system (CNS).
Climatic variations along an aridity gradient drive significant trait intraspecific variability in Mediterranean species
Authors: Iozia Lorenzo Maria , Crisafulli Virginia , Varone Laura
Published: August 2022

Summer drought represents one of the main stress sources stress for plant communities in the Mediterranean region. Plants can adopt several response strategies to cope with stress, reflected in the adoption of specific Plant Functional Traits (PFTs). Trait-based approaches commonly meet three critical issues: they overlook Intraspecific Variability (ITV), they focus on a large spatial scale, or they focus on single trait responses to stress. In this study, we present evidence for a significant amount of ITV in morphological and anatomical trait syndromes observed between three local populations ofPhyllirea latifolia, Pistacia lentiscusandQuercus ilex,distributed along an aridity gradient. Thicker, more physiologically expensive leaves and lower heights found in the drier sites mainly conform to drought-resistance strategies. Interestingly, PFTs fromCistus salviifoliuswere found not to vary between sites. This implies that not all species vary at the same geographical scale, possibly depending on their different successional role. The main implication behind our findings is that climate can easily drive significant ITV in multiple traits among plant populations, even at a local scale, although trait responsiveness might be species-specific. Different plant populations hailing from the same geographical regions might thus respond differently to climate change.

HIGHLIGHT

Variations in Plant Functional Traits from several Mediterranean species found along an aridity gradient on a local (<60Km radius) scale; responses consistent to reported drought adaptations.
Extant hybrids of RNA viruses and viroid-like elements
Authors: Forgia Marco , Navarro Beatriz , Daghino Stefania , Cervera Amelia , Gisel Andreas , Perotto Silvia , Aghayeva Dilzara N. , Akinyuwa Mary Funmilayo , Gobbi Emanuela , Zheludev Ivan N. , Edgar Robert C. , Chikhi Rayan , Turina Massimo , Babaian Artem , Serio Francesco Di , de la Peña Marcos
Published: August 2022

Earth’s life may have originated as self-replicating RNA. Some of the simplest current RNA replicators are RNA viruses, defined by linear RNA genomes encoding an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRP), and subviral agents with single-stranded, circular RNA genomes, such as viroids encoding paired self-cleaving ribozymes. Amongst a massive expansion of candidate viroid and viroid-like elements, we report that fungal pathogens, ambiviruses, are viroid-like elements which undergo rolling circle replication and encode their own viral RdRP, thus they are a distinct hybrid infectious agent. These findings point to a deep evolutionary history between modern RNA viruses and sub-viral elements and offer new perspectives on the evolution of primordial infectious agents, and RNA life.

One-Sentence Summary

Novel infectious agents resembling self-cleaving viroid-like RNAs whilst encoding a viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase.
Sparsification of Large Ultrametric Matrices: Insights into the Microbial Tree of Life*
Authors: Gorman Evan D. , Lladser Manuel E.
Published: August 2022

Strictly ultrametric matrices appear in many domains of mathematics and science; nevertheless, they can be large and dense, making them difficult to store and manipulate, unlike large but sparse matrices. In this manuscript, we exploit that strictly ultrametric matrices can be represented as binary trees to sparsify them via an orthonormal base change based on Haar-like wavelets. We show that, with overwhelmingly high probability, only an asymptotically negligible fraction of the off-diagonal entries in random but large strictly ultrametric matrices remain non-zero after the base change; and develop an algorithm to sparsify such matrices directly from their tree representation. We also identify the subclass of matrices diagonalized by the Haar-like wavelets and supply a sufficient condition to approximate the spectrum of strictly ultrametric matrices outside this subclass. Our methods give computational access to the covariance matrix of the microbiologists’ Tree of Life, which was previously inaccessible due to its size, and motivate introducing a new wavelet-based (beta-diversity) metric to compare microbial environments. Unlike the established (beta-diversity) metrics, the new metric may be used to identify internal nodes (i.e., splits) in the Tree that link microbial composition and environmental factors in a statistically significant manner.

MSC codes

05C05, 15A18, 42C40, 65F55, 92C70
S-nitrosoglutathione Inhibits the Growth of Androgen-Receptor Dependent and Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer by Modulating FOXM1 Signaling
Authors: Vedenko Anastasia , Shah Khushi , Van Booven Derek , Fridaus Fakiha , Seetham Deepa , Arora Himanshu , Hare Joshua M. , Ramasamy Ranjith
Published: August 2022

Castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) is an advanced form of prostate cancer associated with loss of androgen receptor activity and resistance to AR-targeted therapies. CRPC is often associated with higher metastasis, invasion, and proliferation. Thus, there’s a strong need for additional molecular markers in CRPC, and therapies that target them directly. Transcriptomic profiling of prostate cancer patients revealed an upregulated signature specific to high-grade tumors in cell cycle progression, E2F targets, G2M checkpoint, DNA repair, Aurora Kinase B, and FOXM1 pathway. Validation in a separate cohort of neuroendocrine prostate cancer patients, the most resistant and invasive form of CRPC which lacks AR expression, showed CCP signature as a dominant driver gene set for NEPC. Moreover, high expression of mRNA targets in each of these pathways is associated with poor overall survival in NEPC patients. Gene set variation analysis revealed a strong inverse correlation between AR signaling and CCP.31, set of 31 markers associated with high proliferation, and a positive correlation between CCP.31 and NEPC signature. FOXM1, a prioritized candidate in CCP is shown to be upregulated in CRPC cell lines and human clinical sections of Gleason 9 patients. GSNO, a nitric oxide donor, known for its inhibitory effect on cell proliferation and an effective inhibitor of cell cycle checkpoints, was able to reverse CCP signature both in-vitro and in-vivo. GSNO exhibits a dependence on AR signaling in-vitro by showing mild effect on CRPC clones, but successfully inhibits tumor growth of AR-null CRPC xenografts. FOXM1 is also targeted by GSNO in-vivo and in-vitro models of both CRPC and AD prostate cancer. This establishes an important link between androgen receptor status in prostate cancer and proposes nitric oxide donors as therapeutic intervention. GSNO is effective against AR-null castration resistant prostate cancer.

Significance

Nitric oxide donor, S-glutathione-transferase inhibits tumor growth of castration resistant prostate cancer, regardless of androgen receptor expression status by targeting FOXM1, a critical regulator of cell cycle progression.
MaCroDNA: Accurate integration of single-cell DNA and RNA data for a deeper understanding of tumor heterogeneity
Authors: Edrisi Mohammadamin , Huang Xiru , Ogilvie Huw A. , Nakhleh Luay
Published: August 2022

Cancers develop and progress as mutations accumulate, and with the advent of single-cell DNA and RNA sequencing, researchers can observe these mutations, their transcriptomic effects, and predict proteomic changes with remarkable temporal and spatial precision. However, to connect genomic mutations with their transcriptomic and proteomic consequences, cells with either only DNA data or only RNA data must be mapped to a common domain. For this purpose, we present MaCroDNA, a novel method which uses maximum weighted bipartite matching of per-gene read counts from single-cell DNA and RNA-seq data. Using ground truth information from colorectal cancer data, we demonstrate the overwhelming advantage of MaCroDNA over existing methods in accuracy and speed. Exemplifying the utility of single-cell data integration in cancer research, we propose, based on results derived using MaCroDNA, that genomic mutations of large effect size increasingly contribute to differential expression between cells as Barrett’s esophagus progresses to esophageal cancer.
Preference of CAMSAP3 for expanded microtubule lattice contributes to stabilization of the minus end
Authors: Liu Hanjin , Shima Tomohiro
Published: August 2022

CAMSAPs are proteins that show microtubule minus-end-specific localization, decoration and stabilization. Although the mechanism for minus-end recognition via their C-terminal CKK domain has been well described in recent studies, it is unclear how CAMSAPs stabilize microtubules. Our several binding assays revealed that D2 region of CAMSAP3 specifically binds to microtubules with the expanded lattice. To investigate the relationship between this preference and the stabilization effect of CAMSAP3, we precisely measured individual microtubule lengths and found that D2-binding expanded the microtubule lattice by ∼3%. Consistent with the notion that the expanded lattice is a common feature of stable microtubules, the presence of D2 slowed the microtubule depolymerization rate to approximately 1/20, suggesting that the D2-triggered lattice expansion stabilizes microtubules. Combining these results, we propose that CAMSAP3 stabilizes microtubules by lattice expansion upon D2-binding, which further accelerates the recruitment of other CAMSAP3 molecules. Since only CAMSAP3 has D2 and the highest microtubule stabilizing effect among mammalian CAMSAPs, our model also explains the molecular basis for the functional diversity of CAMSAP family members.

Summary blurb

D2 region in CAMSAP3 preferentially bound to expanded microtubule lattices and also induced lattice expansion, explaining the molecular functions of CAMSAP3.
Extending and improving metagenomic taxonomic profiling with uncharacterized species with MetaPhlAn 4
Authors: Blanco-Miguez Aitor , Beghini Francesco , Cumbo Fabio , McIver Lauren J. , Thompson Kelsey N. , Zolfo Moreno , Manghi Paolo , Dubois Leonard , Huang Kun D. , Thomas Andrew Maltez , Piccinno Gianmarco , Piperni Elisa , Punčochář Michal , Valles-Colomer Mireia , Tett Adrian , Giordano Francesca , Davies Richard , Wolf Jonathan , Berry Sarah E. , Spector Tim D. , Franzosa Eric A. , Pasolli Edoardo , Asnicar Francesco , Huttenhower Curtis , Segata Nicola
Published: August 2022

Metagenomic assembly enables novel organism discovery from microbial communities, but from most metagenomes it can only capture few abundant organisms. Here, we present a method - MetaPhlAn 4 - to integrate information from both metagenome assemblies and microbial isolate genomes for improved and more comprehensive metagenomic taxonomic profiling. From a curated collection of 1.01M prokaryotic reference and metagenome-assembled genomes, we defined unique marker genes for 26,970 species-level genome bins, 4,992 of them taxonomically unidentified at the species level. MetaPhlAn 4 explains ∼20% more reads in most international human gut microbiomes and >40% in less-characterized environments such as the rumen microbiome, and proved more accurate than available alternatives on synthetic evaluations while also reliably quantifying organisms with no cultured isolates. Application of the method to >24,500 metagenomes highlighted previously undetected species to be strong biomarkers for host conditions and lifestyles in human and mice microbiomes, and showed that even previously uncharacterized species can be genetically profiled at the resolution of single microbial strains. MetaPhlAn 4 thus integrates the novelty of metagenomic assemblies with the sensitivity and fidelity of reference-based analyses, providing efficient metagenomic profiling of uncharacterized species and enabling deeper and more comprehensive microbiome biomarker detection.
Natriuretic peptides increase cGMP around cardiomyocyte mitochondria and protect against apoptosis
Authors: Calamera Gaia , Ndongson-Dongmo Bernadin , Arunthavarajah Dulasi , Ovesen Mette , Kim Choel , Levy Finn Olav , Andressen Kjetil Wessel , Moltzau Lise Román
Published: August 2022

Natriuretic peptides (NPs) increase cGMP, show beneficial cardiovascular effects and regulate energy metabolism in other tissues. However, little is known about their direct effect on cardiac mitochondria and cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Here, we examined whether NPs increase cGMP around mitochondria and alter apoptosis in cardiomyocytes. We constructed a novel FRET-based biosensor with high selectivity towards cGMP and found that ANP and CNP increase cGMP at the outer mitochondrial membrane. Moreover, ANP and CNP increased phosphorylation of the pro-apoptotic protein Drp1 and CNP prevented fragmentation of mitochondria. Stimulating cardiomyocytes with ANP or CNP reduced apoptosis, caspase 9 activation and cytochrome c release, suggesting that NPs decrease apoptosis through the intrinsic pathway that involves mitochondria. We suggest that cGMP increase in the outer mitochondrial membrane microdomain that inhibits the pro-apoptotic protein Drp1, leading to reduced mitochondrial fragmentation and thereby reduced apoptosis.
Airway epithelial cells and macrophages trigger IL-6-CD95/CD95L axis and mediate initial immunopathology of COVID-19
Authors: Fraga-Silva Thais F. C. , Cipriano Ualter G. , Fumagalli Marcilio J. , Correa Giseli F. , Fuzo Carlos A. , Mestriner Fabiola L. A. C. , Becari Christiane , Teixeira-Carvalho Andrea , Coelho-dos-Reis Jordana , Menegueti Mayra G. , Figueiredo Luiz T. M. , Martins-Filho Olindo A. , Dias-Baruffi Marcelo , Auxiliadora-Martins Maria , Tostes Rita , Bonato Vania L. D.
Published: August 2022

Airway epithelial cells (AEC) are the first in contact with SARS-CoV-2 and drive the interface with macrophage to generate inflammation. To elucidate how those initial events contribute to the immunopathology or to dysregulate the immune response observed in severe and critical COVID-19, we determined the direct and indirect interactions of these cells. AEC lineage (Calu-3) infected with SARS-CoV-2 and epithelial cells (CD45-EpCAM+) from intubated COVID-19 patients showed high expression of CD95L. Infected-Calu-3 cells secreted IL-6, and expressed annexin V and caspase-3, apoptosis markers. The direct interaction of macrophages with sorted apoptotic Calu-3 cells, driven by SARS-CoV-2 infection, resulted in macrophage death and increased expression of CD95, CD95L and CD163. Macrophages exposed to tracheal aspirate supernatants from intubated COVID-19 patients or to recombinant human IL-6 exhibited decreased HLA-DR and increased CD95 and CD163 expression. IL-6 effects on macrophages were prevented by tocilizumab (anti-IL-6 receptor mAb) and Kp7-6 (CD95/CD95L antagonist). Similarly, lung inflammation and death of AEC were decreased in CD95 and IL-6 knockout mice infected with SARS-CoV-2. Our results show that the AEC-macrophage interaction via CD95/CD95L signaling is an initial key step of immunopathology of severe COVID-19 and should be considered as a therapeutic target.

Abstract Figure

Highlights

- SARS-CoV-2-infected airway epithelial cells (AEC) secrete IL-6, express Fas/FasL and undergo apoptosis;

- SARS-CoV-2-infected apoptotic AEC induces Fas/FasL expression and death in macrophages;

- IL-6 induces IL-1β secretion, reduction of HLA-DR and increase of Fas and CD163 expression in macrophages;

- Blockade of IL-6 signaling and Fas/FasL restores the expression of HLA-DR and reduces the expression of Fas and CD163, and secretion of IL-1β on isolated macrophages; in vivo, the deficiency of Fas and IL-6 decreases acute pulmonary inflammation in SARS-CoV-2-infected mice.
Bibliometric analysis on corporate governance topics published in the journal ofCorporate Governance: The International Journal of Business in Society
Authors: Ellili Nejla Ould Daoud
Published: August 2022

Purpose

This study aims to highlight the current trends in the literature on corporate governance by applying a bibliometric review of papers on corporate governance topics published in the journal ofCorporate Governance: The International Journal of Business Society (Bingley).

Design/methodology/approach

Bibliometric analysis is a quantitative and qualitative approach applied to bibliographic materials that highlights the core theoretical and empirical contributions to a specific research field. This analysis was based on keyword cartography, bibliometric authors’ citation analysis, bibliometric papers’ co-citation analysis, bibliometric references’ co-citation analysis, journals’ co-citation cartography and qualitative content analysis. It reviews 353 articles on corporate governance published in the journal ofCorporate Governance (Bingley). Bibliometric analysis was performed using VOSviewer, and content analysis was performed using WordStat.

Findings

The results identify three major clusters: corporate governance; board of directors; and firm performance. In addition, the results reveal that the journalCorporate Governance (Bingley)has experienced increasingly important growth in research papers on corporate governance topics and citations, reflecting its significant contribution to the corporate governance research field. This study also presents recommendations for future research in this field.

Practical implications

The findings of this study have implications for corporate governance research, such as the impact of ownership structure and the board of directors on environmental, social and governance disclosure. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the only one to review the key corporate governance research topics on which papers published in the journal ofCorporate Governance (Bingley)are focused and can be largely used for corporate governance practices.

Originality/value

This study provides an overview of how the literature on corporate governance research has developed, as well as a summary of the most influential authors, along with countries, organizations and journal sources. This offers an opportunity for future research to focus on this topic.
The role of organizational justice and job satisfaction in mitigating turnover intention of emotionally exhausted employees: evidence from Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Phong Dong , Nguyen Nguyen Phong , Nguyen Lam D. , Le Thu Ha
Published: August 2022

Purpose

This study examines employee emotional exhaustion and turnover intention as the consequences of problematic customer behaviors and tests the role of perceived organizational justice and job satisfaction in mitigating these consequences.

Design/methodology/approach

A four-hypothesis model was tested using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) based on a two-phase survey of 369 frontline services employees in Vietnam with a three-month time lag.

Findings

The study shows that abusive and unreasonably demanding customer behaviors have positive effects on emotional exhaustion, which, in turn, reduces job satisfaction and, subsequently, turnover intention. It also reveals that organizational justice mechanisms attenuate the positive association between emotional exhaustion and turnover intention. Job satisfaction indirectly mitigated the turnover intention of emotionally exhausted employees who had to deal with problematic customer behaviors, especially in the service sector in Vietnam, an emerging market.

Originality/value

Building upon the social exchange theory (SET) and the conservation of resources theory (COR), this study extended the research on organizational justice with respect to emotional exhaustion in the customer service sector that received less attention previously. Rather than merely focusing on the interpersonal factors (e.g. respect and sensitivity) as organizational support does, organizational justice encompasses employees' perception of fairness of outcome and the whole process in an organization to reach decisions.
Middle ageism: when social climate and perceived employability relate to attitudes and intent to hire middle-aged employees
Authors: Binyamin Galy , Brender-Ilan Yael
Published: August 2022

Purpose

As the global workforce ages, organizations face unprecedented challenges, especially managing effective communication between generations. The phenomenon of middle ageism (i.e. discriminating against middle-aged employees based on their age) has become more prevalent. The authors examined how contextual settings and communication affect attitudes toward middle-aged employees and hiring intentions.

Design/methodology/approach

Data were collected from 537 employees from various organizations, via questionnaires. The moderated mediation model was analyzed using Hayes' PROCESS models.

Findings

Results showed that attitudes toward middle-aged employees mediated the relationship between social climate of shared codes and language and hiring intentions. Social climate was positively related to attitudes toward their adaptability, but negatively to attitudes toward their ability. Also, decision-makers' own perceived employability moderated the relationship between attitudes toward employees' adaptability and hiring intentions, and the indirect relationship between social climate and hiring intentions.

Practical implications

Since age diversity is expected to become one of the most dominant diversity classifications in the very near future, coping with middle ageism constitutes a growing challenge for managers and HR staff. The findings indicate that in order to enhance sustainable employment and prevent discrimination, organizations need not only maintain a supportive climate for older employees, as an affirmative action, but also ensure better communication in terms of sharing codes and language that enhance positive attitudes toward middle-aged colleagues.

Originality/value

In an era where diversity and inclusion dominate human resource management decision making, this study contributes to the literature on the underexplored domain of age diversity.
Boosting engagement with healthy food on social media
Authors: Pancer Ethan , Philp Matthew , Noseworthy Theodore J.
Published: August 2022

Purpose

Recent research has demonstrated that people are more likely to engage with fatty food content online. One way health advocates might facilitate engagement with healthier, calorie-light foods is to alter how people process food media. This research paper aims to investigate the moderating role of viewer mindset on consumer responses to digital food media.

Design/methodology/approach

Two experiments were conducted by manipulating the caloric density of food media content and/or one’s mindset before viewing.

Findings

Results show that the relationship between nutrition and engagement is moderated by consumer mindset, where activating a more calculative mindset before exposure can elevate social media engagement for calorie-light food media content.

Research limitations/implications

These findings contribute to the domain of obesogenic digital environments and the role of nutrition in consuming food media. By examining how mindsets interact with affective evaluations, this work demonstrates that a default mindset based on instinct can be shifted and thus alter subsequent behavioral intentions.

Practical implications

This work provides insight into what can boost the visibility and engagement of healthy food content on social media. Marketers can help promote healthier food media by cueing consumers to think more deliberately before exposure.

Originality/value

This research builds on recent work by demonstrating how to boost engagement with healthy foods on social media by cueing a more thoughtful mindset.
Application of LSTM model optimized by individual-ordering-based adaptive genetic algorithm in stock forecasting
Authors: He Yong , Zeng Xiaohua , Li Huan , Wei Wenhong
Published: August 2022

Purpose

To improve the accuracy of stock price trend prediction in the field of quantitative financial trading, this paper takes the prediction accuracy as the goal and avoid the enormous number of network structures and hyperparameter adjustments of long-short-term memory (LSTM).

Design/methodology/approach

In this paper, an adaptive genetic algorithm based on individual ordering is used to optimize the network structure and hyperparameters of the LSTM neural network automatically.

Findings

The simulation results show that the accuracy of the rise and fall of the stock outperform than the model with LSTM only as well as other machine learning models. Furthermore, the efficiency of parameter adjustment is greatly higher than other hyperparameter optimization methods.

Originality/value

(1) The AGA-LSTM algorithm is used to input various hyperparameter combinations into genetic algorithm to find the best hyperparameter combination. Compared with other models, it has higher accuracy in predicting the up and down trend of stock prices in the next day. (2) Adopting real coding, elitist preservation and self-adaptive adjustment of crossover and mutation probability based on individual ordering in the part of genetic algorithm, the algorithm is computationally efficient and the results are more likely to converge to the global optimum.
Does investment in energy matter for economic growth? Evidence from BRICS countries
Authors: Tabash Mosab I. , Farooq Umar , Al-Rdaydeh Mahmoud , Al-Faryan Mamdouh Abdulaziz Saleh , El Refae Ghaleb A.
Published: August 2022

Purpose

This study aims to explore the impact of energy investment on economic growth. Specifically, the study investigates the impact of energy consumption, foreign investment, infrastructure development, tax revenue, human capital, international tourism revenue and trade volume on economic growth.

Design/methodology/approach

To achieve the aim, the authors sample the 24-years (1996–2019) financial statistics of BRICS countries. Given the econometric recommendations supplemented by the Johnsen cointegration test, the current study uses the fully modified ordinary least square model for regression analysis and checks the robustness through robust least square model.

Findings

The statistical analysis shows a direct impact of energy investment on economic growth. In addition, the statistical results indicate a positive impact of energy consumption, foreign investment, infrastructure development, tax revenue, human capital and trade volume on economic growth.

Research limitations/implications

The results present practical implications for policymakers regarding the adequate investment in energy production that can further promote the economic growth in BRICS countries. Policy officials should enhance the volume of renewable energy production, foreign investment and tax revenue. Additionally, it is equally suggested to policymakers regarding the development of infrastructure and human capital to ensure economic growth.

Originality/value

This study supplements the novel and robust evidence on investment in energy-leading economic growth.
Work environment, HR practices and millennial employee retention in hospitality and tourism in Bangladesh
Authors: Islam Md Asadul , Hack-Polay Dieu , Rahman Mahfuzur , Hosen Mosharrof , Hunt Abigail , Shafique Sujana
Published: August 2022

Purpose

This study examines the relationship between HR practices and millennial employee retention in the tourism industry in Bangladesh. It investigates the moderating role of the work environment in the relationship between HR practices and employee retention in the industry.

Design/methodology/approach

The researchers used non-probability judgemental sampling to collect 384 questionnaires through a survey of millennial employees. Partial least square-based structural equation model (PLS-SEM) was used to analyse the data.

Findings

The results reveal that HR practices included in this paper have significant relationships with millennial employee retention in the tourism industry in Bangladesh, except employee participation in decision-making. In addition, the results show that the work environment only moderates the relationship between two HR practices (compensation, training and development) and millennial employee retention.

Practical implications

The results suggest that managers in tourism organisations must develop HR practices and foster a positive work environment to retain millennials.

Originality/value

This is the only study that examines the moderating role of the work environment on the relationship between five selected HR practices (training and development, job security, performance appraisal, employee participation, compensation) and millennial employee retention. Previous studies used fewer HR variables.
User-centered categorization of mood in fiction
Authors: Cho Hyerim , Lee Wan-Chen , Huang Li-Min , Kohlburn Joseph
Published: August 2022

Purpose

Readers articulate mood in deeply subjective ways, yet the underlying structure of users' understanding of the media they consume has important implications for retrieval and access. User articulations might at first seem too idiosyncratic, but organizing them meaningfully has considerable potential to provide a better searching experience for all involved. The current study develops mood categories inductively for fiction organization and retrieval in information systems.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors developed and distributed an open-ended survey to 76 fiction readers to understand their preferences with regard to the affective elements in fiction. From the fiction reader responses, the research team identified 161 mood terms and used them for further categorization.

Findings

The inductive approach resulted in 30 categories, including angry, cozy, dark and nostalgic. Results include three overlapping mood families: Emotion, Tone/Narrative, and Atmosphere/Setting, which in turn relate to structures that connect reader-generated data with conceptual frameworks in previous studies.

Originality/value

The inherent complexity of “mood” should not dissuade researchers from carefully investigating users' preferences in this regard. Adding to the existing efforts of classifying moods conducted by experts, the current study presents mood terms provided by actual end-users when describing different moods in fiction. This study offers a useful roadmap for creating taxonomies for retrieval and description, as well as structures derived from user-provided terms that ultimately have the potential to improve user experience.
Cash holding and bankruptcy risk in Egyptian firms: the moderating effect of corporate social responsibility
Authors: Sayed Emad , Khalil Manal
Published: August 2022

Purpose

This study aims to investigate the impact of cash holding (CH) on bankruptcy (BR) risk. This study also examines the moderating effect of corporate social responsibility (CSR) practices on this relationship.

Design/methodology/approach

The data were extracted from firms' annual reports. The panel data were used for 68 firms listed at the Egyptian Stock Exchange (EGX) with a total of 340 observations from 2015 to 2019. The research hypotheses were tested using the panel corrected standards errors (PCSE) method and the feasible generalized least squares (FGLS) method.

Findings

The results reveal that (1) CH has a positive effect on the Z-score (decreasing bankruptcy risk) of the Egyptian listed firms. (2) Egyptian firms that practice CSR have a low level of bankruptcy risk. (3) CSR practices in Egyptian listed firms support the positive relationship between CH and Z-score (declining bankruptcy risk).

Research limitations/implications

The limitations of this study include a relatively small sample size. In addition, the analysis doesn't include other measures of bankruptcy risk due to a lack of data.

Practical implications

The findings of this study will help investors and creditors to evaluate and predict the firms' bankruptcy risk. This study highlights the importance of cash holding for firms in emerging economies. Firms may hold cash to support liquidity, overcome financial distress risk, lower the cost of capital, increase future investment opportunities and reduce uncertainty. Additionally, the results would also help the policymakers, regulators at the EGX and Financial Regulatory Authority and stakeholders to realize the importance of cash holding, evaluate the cash liquidity in Egyptian listed firms, predict the firms' financial distress and consider the consequences of the CSR practices in accordance with Egypt's vision 2030.

Originality/value

Consistent with liquidity preference theory and trade-off theory, this study adds evidence to the literature on bankruptcy risk by investigating the effect of cash holding on bankruptcy risk in emerging economies. According to Egypt's vision 2030, the empirical findings in this study extend previous findings by providing strong additional evidence in emerging economies regarding the moderating effect of CSR practices on the association between cash holding and bankruptcy risk. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to investigate the relationship between CSR, CH and BR risk in Egypt.
Examining the enablers of sustainable entrepreneurship – an interpretive structural modelling technique
Authors: Gupta Neha , Matharu Manita
Published: August 2022

Purpose

The General Assembly recognized the critical contribution of entrepreneurship to sustainable development in its resolution 73/225 on entrepreneurship for sustainable development by accelerating economic growth and innovation and addressing social and environmental challenges in the context of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Hence, it is important to understand the variables influencing entrepreneurs’ aspirations for sustainable enterprises to promote sustainable entrepreneurial activity for sustainable development. Therefore, this study aims to analyse the enablers affecting the adoption of sustainable entrepreneurship practices by the entrepreneurs in India.

Design/methodology/approach

This study has been conducted in three steps. The first step includes the identification of enablers from the extensive review of the literature followed by the second step of finalization of enablers by experts’ opinion. Finally, in the third step, enablers are analysed using interpretive structural modelling (ISM).

Findings

After the extensive literature review and opinion of 100 millennial experts, 11 enablers are identified. In the third step, ISM is applied to develop a hierarchical model for the enablers affecting the adoption of sustainable entrepreneurial practice and to establish the contextual relationships among those enablers.

Research limitations/implications

This study can be used by practitioners and policymakers to further validate the driving enablers for developing sustainability-driven entrepreneurial intention and to increase the adoption of sustainable practices by entrepreneurs.

Originality/value

This study is based on the ISM providing significant insights related to enablers affecting the adoption of sustainable entrepreneurial practices. It provides valuable knowledge to entrepreneurial researchers and practitioners.
Using rhythm for rehabilitation: the acceptability of a novel haptic cueing device in extended stroke rehabilitation
Authors: Tetley Josephine Wendy , Holland Simon , Caton Sue , Donaldson Glenis , Georgiou Theodoros , Visi Federico , Stockley Rachel Christina
Published: August 2022

Purpose

Restoration of walking ability is a key goal to both stroke survivors and their therapists. However, the intensity and duration of rehabilitation available after stroke can be limited by service constraints, despite the potential for improvement which could reduce health service demands in the long run. The purpose of this paper is to present qualitative findings from a study that explored the acceptability of a haptic device aimed at improving walking as part of an extended intervention in stroke rehabilitation.

Design/methodology/approach

Pre-trial focus groups and post-trial interviews to assess the acceptability of Haptic Bracelets were undertaken with seven stroke survivors.

Findings

Five themes were identified as impacting on the acceptability of the Haptic Bracelet: potential for improving quality of life; relationships with technology; important features; concerns; response to trial and concentration. Participants were interested in the haptic bracelet and hoped it would provide them with more confidence making them: feel safer when walking; have greater ability to take bigger strides rather than little steps; a way to combat mistakes participants reported making due to tiredness and reduced pain in knees and hips.

Originality/value

Haptic Bracelets are an innovative development in the field of rhythmic cueing and stroke rehabilitation. The haptic bracelets also overcome problems encountered with established audio-based cueing, as their use is not affected by external environmental noise.

Peer review

The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon 10.1108/JET-01-2021-0003
What does it mean for a corporation to take responsibility for its supply chain?
Authors: Teichmann Fabian Maximilian Johannes , Wittmann Chiara
Published: August 2022

Purpose

Through the lens of ethical appreciation, this paper aims to discuss what it means for a company to claim taking responsibility for its supply chain and whether this is a reasonable demand to make by corporations.

Design/methodology/approach

The place of ethics in economic and legislation is not selfevident. The intersection of ethics and economics through the topic of supply chains is approached by breaking down, respectively, the integral features of supply chains and the ethical considerations in compliance regulations.

Findings

The transnational nature of global supply chains, the depth of manufacturing tiers and the power asymmetries between buyer and seller are some of the fundamental sticking points in dissecting corporate social responsibility.

Originality/value

This paper uses a unique parallel perspective of the broad ethical concerns, which have developed under the umbrella term of responsibility, as well as the finer ethical details which are integral to supply chains as international structures of dependency.