bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evolutionary characteristic and spatial–temporal transmission of HIV-1 CRF01_AE in Indonesia
Authors: Khairunisa Siti , Indriati Dwi , Megasari Ni Luh Ayu , Ueda Shuhei , Kotaki Tomohiro , Fahmi Muhamad , Ito Masahiro , Rachman Brian , Hidayati Afif , Nasronudin _ , Kameoka Masanori
Published: November 2023

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) remains a serious health threat in Indonesia. In particular, the CRF01_AE viruses were the predominant HIV-1 strains in various cities in Indonesia. However, information on the dynamic transmission characteristics and spatial–temporal transmission of HIV-1 CRF01_AE in Indonesia is limited. Therefore, the present study examined the spatial–temporal transmission networks and evolutionary characteristics of HIV-1 CRF01_AE in Indonesia. To clarify the epidemiological connection between CRF01_AE outbreaks in Indonesia and the rest of the world, we performed phylogenetic studies on nearly full genomes of CRF01_AE viruses isolated in Indonesia. Our results showed that five epidemic clades, namely, IDN clades 1–5, of CRF01_AE were found in Indonesia. To determine the potential source and mode of transmission of CRF01_AE, we performed Bayesian analysis and built maximum clade credibility trees for each clade. Our study revealed that CRF01_AE viruses were commonly introduced into Indonesia from Southeast Asia, particularly Thailand. The CRF01_AE viruses might have spread through major pandemics in Asian countries, such as China, Vietnam, and Laos, rather than being introduced directly from Africa in the early 1980s. This study has major implications for public health practice and policy development in Indonesia. The contributions of this study include understanding the dynamics of HIV-1 transmission that is important for the implementation of HIV disease control and prevention strategies in Indonesia.
What are medical students taught about Persistent Physical Symptoms? A scoping review of the literature
Authors: Catie Nagel , Chloe Queenan , Chris Burton
Published: November 2023

Background
Persistent Physical Symptoms (PPS) include symptoms such as chronic pain, and syndromes such as chronic fatigue. They are common, but are often inadequately managed, causing distress and higher costs for health care systems. A lack of teaching about PPS has been recognised as a contributing factor to poor management.
Methods
The authors conducted a scoping review of the literature, including all studies published before 31 March 2023. Systematic methods were used to determine what teaching on PPS is currently taking place for medical undergraduates. Studies were restricted to publications in English and needed to include undergraduate medical students. Teaching about cancer pain was excluded. After descriptive data was extracted, a narrative synthesis was undertaken to analyse qualitative findings.
Results
A total of 1116 studies were found by 3 databases. 28 further studies were found by searching the grey literature and by citation analysis. After screening for relevance, a total of 57 studies were included in the review. There was a widespread lack of teaching and learning on PPS. Where teaching did take place, this was most commonly about chronic pain. PPS are viewed as awkward by educators and learners. Learners think that there is no science behind the symptoms. PPS is overlooked in the undergraduate teaching curriculum. The gap between the taught curriculum and learners’ experiences in practice is being addressed through informal sources and some students are taking on stigmatised attitudes towards sufferers of PPS.
Conclusions
Current suggestions for improvements in teaching are insufficient to address issues such as stigma and the poor understanding that educators and learners have about PPS. They also do not address barriers to implementation such as a lack of ownership of the topic and packed teaching curricula. Further empirical evidence is needed to demonstrate how to best teach and evaluate teaching about PPS.
Synthesis, characterization of C-Zn/Pd-Np as potential nanocomposites against Human Lung cancer cells (A549) and pathogenic microorganisms
Authors: dhorai Niveditha , Venkatachalam Rajendran , Rangaraj Suriya prabha , Arumugam Kosiha , Kalaiarasi Giriraj
Published: November 2023

PalladiumwrappedZnOnanocomposites synthesis through carrageenan were madeas bimetallic nanocomposites (C-Zn/Pd-Np) and their antibacterial, and anticancer efficacy were assessedunderin vitro condition.Further,they were physico-chemically characterized. The metal complex werecharacterized using a variety of physico-chemical techniques, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The bimetallic nanocomposites are more crystalline according to XRD analysis. IR spectra indicate faint multiple bands in the far infrared range because ofmetal-metal interactions and the absence of usual bands of acetate and nitrate groups. P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, B. subtilis andEscherichia coliwere used to test te antibacterial activity of the nanocomposites. The outcomes demonstrated significant antibacterial efficacy against all of the investigated pathogens. The antiproliferative effectiveness of the nanocomposites against A549 cancer cell types aresignificantly enhanced with anincreased concentration.It also resulted in cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and necrosis found in bimetallic nanocomposites treated cells. In conclusion, (C-Zn/Pd-Np) has notable antibacterial action and is effective against at inhibiting the growth of lung cancer cells. According to this present study, C-Zn/Pd-Np may be useful for the effective clinical management of Human pathogensand lung cancer cells.
Understanding the support needs and preferences of people who self-managed abortion with accompaniment group support in Argentina, Nigeria, and Southeast Asia: a prospective, observational cohort study
Authors: Velarde Marissa , Jayaweera Ruvani , Egwuatu Ijeoma , Nmezi Sybil , Zurbriggen Ruth , Grosso Belén , Kristianingrum Ika Ayu , Bercu Chiara , Moseson Heidi
Published: November 2023

Background
Increasingly, people use medication abortion pills to end their pregnancies on their own, without clinical supervision–a practice known as self-managed abortion (SMA). Additionally, some obtain support through a community-based care model known as the “accompaniment” model, in which volunteer-activists provide evidence-based information about medication abortion and counselling through the SMA process over the phone or in-person. Understanding factors associated with the support and care received during SMA with accompaniment can provide insight into people’s satisfaction with this community-based model of abortion care and identify opportunities to further improve this model of care, which is particularly important in legally restrictive settings. Additionally, a large proportion of people who have abortions are parents, but little research has explored the unique needs and preferences for SMA among parents.
Methods
This was a secondary analysis of a prospective, observational cohort study conducted in three countries among people who self-managed an abortion with accompaniment support. We implemented bivariate analyses to evaluate differences between participants who reported feeling sufficient social support during their abortion and who preferred SMA over clinical models of care, with those who did not. We used logistic regression models to explore whether the number of children a participant had was associated with feeling supported during the accompanied SMA process, and separately with preferred model of abortion care.
Results
While most participants felt fully supported by their social group and preferred SMA over facility-based abortion care, several characteristics were associated with not having felt supported and preferring facility-based abortion care in bivariate analyses: namely, those with less formal education, a history of prior abortion, and those who sought care at a health facility during their SMA. In adjusted logistic regression models, we found no association between number of children and feeling sufficient social support, or preference for SMA.
Conclusions
These results establish that most people who have an accompanied SMA feel fully supported during their abortion process and prefer SMA over facility-based care.
Predictors of mortality in severe pneumonia patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Xie Kai , Guan Shengnan , Kong Xinxin , Ji Wenshuai , Du Shen , Jia Mingyan , Wang Haifeng
Published: November 2023

Background: Severe pneumonia has consistently been associated with high mortality. We sought to identify risk factors for the mortality of severe pneumonia to assist in reducing mortality for medical treatment.
Methods: Electronic databases including PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Scopus were systematically searched till June 1, 2023. All human research were incorporated into the analysis, regardless of language, publication date, or geographical location. To pool the estimate, a mixed-effect model was used. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) was employed for assessing the quality of included studies that were included in the analysis.
Results: In total, 22 studies with a total of 3655 severe pneumonia patients and 1107 cases (30.29%) of death were included in the current meta-analysis. Significant associations were found between age [5.76 years, 95% confidence interval [CI] (3.43, 8.09), P<0.00001], male gender [odds ratio (OR)=1.46, 95% CI (1.06, 2.01), P=0.02] and risk of death from severe pneumonia. The comorbidity of neoplasm [OR=3.37, 95% CI (1.07, 10.57), P=0.04], besides the presence of complications such as diastolic hypotension [OR=2.60, 95% CI (1.45, 4.66), P=0.001], ALI/ARDS [OR=3.65, 95% CI (1.80, 7.40), P=0.0003], septic shock [OR=9.43, 95% CI (4.39, 20.28), P<0.00001], MOF [OR=4.32, 95% CI (2.35, 7.94), P<0.00001], acute kidney injury [OR=2.45, 95% CI (1.14, 5.26), P=0.02], and metabolic acidosis [OR=5.88, 95% CI (1.51, 22.88), P=0.01] were associated with significantly higher risk of death amongst patients with severe pneumonia. Those who died, compared with those who survived, differed on multiple biomarkers on admission including serum creatinine [Scr: +67.77 mmol/L, 95% CI (47.21, 88.34), P<0.00001], blood urea nitrogen [BUN: +6.26 mmol/L, 95% CI (1.49, 11.03), P=0.01], C-reactive protein [CRP: +33.09 mg/L, 95% CI (3.01, 63.18), P=0.03], leukopenia [OR=2.95, 95% CI (1.40, 6.23), P=0.005], Sodium < 136 mEq/L [OR=2.89, 95% CI (1.17, 7.15), P=0.02], albumin [-5.17 g/L, 95% CI (-7.09, -3.25), P<0.00001], PaO2/ FiO2 [-55.05 mmHg, 95% CI (-60.11, -50.00), P<0.00001], arterial blood PH [-0.09, 95% CI (-0.15, -0.04), P=0.0005], gram-negative microorganism [OR=2.57, 95% CI (1.15, 5.73), P=0.02], multilobar or bilateral involvement [OR=3.68, 95% CI (2.71, 5.00), P<0.00001] and bilateral chest X-ray involvement [OR=2.21, 95% CI (1.13, 4.31), P=0.02].
Conclusions: Older age, male gender might face a greater risk of death in severe pneumonia individuals. The mortality of severe pneumonia may also be significantly impacted by complications such diastolic hypotension, ALI/ARDS, septic shock, MOF, acute kidney injury, and metabolic acidosis, as well as the comorbidity of neoplasm, and laboratory indicators involving Scr, BUN, CRP, leukopenia, sodium, albumin, PaO2/FiO2, arterial blood PH, gram-negative microorganism, multilobar or bilateral involvement.
The characteristic analysis of TaTDF1 reveals its function related to male sterility in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Authors: Shan Sicong , Tang Peng , wang Rui , ren Yihang , Wu Baolin , Yan Nuo , Zhang Gaisheng , Niu Na , Song Yulong
Published: November 2023

Background
The male sterile lines are an important foundation for heterosis utilization in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Thereinto, pollen development is one of the indispensable processes of wheat reproductive development, and its fertility plays an important role in wheat heterosis utilization, and are usually influencing by genes. However, these key genes and their regulatory networks during pollen abortion are poorly understood in wheat.
Results
The rice gene TDF1, a member of the R2R3-MYB family, is crucial for early tapetum development and pollen grain fertility. TaTDF1, an ortholog of rice gene TDF1, was identified in wheat, with an average bolting time of 33 d in TaTDF1-OE Arabidopsis plants. The anthers of TaTDF1-OE plants appeared red. TaTDF1-EAR plants were shrunken and small, showing a blue-green color after Alexander's staining. The TaTDF1 interacting protein (TaMAP65) was confirmed using Yeast Two-Hybrid Assay and Bimolecular-Fluorescence Complementation experiments. The results showed that downregulated expression of TaTDF1 and TaMAP65 could cause anthers to be smaller and shrunken, leading to pollen abortion in TaTDF1 wheat plants induced by virus-induced gene-silencing technology. The expression pattern of TaTDF1 was influenced by TaMAP65.
Conclusions
Thus, systematically revealing the regulatory mechanism of wheat TaTDF1 during anther and pollen grain development may provide new information on the molecular mechanism of pollen abortion in wheat.
Analysis of Sea surface temperature pattern, variability and their teleconnection with rainfall dynamics over their Gulf of Guinea
Authors: Ideki Oye , Lupo A. R
Published: November 2023

Spatial pattern and variability of sea surface temperature SST and its influence on seasonal rainfall variation in the Gulf of Guinea (GOG) was examined in this study. SST data of 50 years (1970–2022) from ERA5 and NOAA CPC at 0.250 x 0.250 and 0.50 x 0.50 resolution was obtained from specific locations namely longitudes 20 °W and 10 °E and latitudes 15 °N and 2 °N. Twelve rainfall gridded stations distributed throughout Gulf of Guinea (GoG) were used to characterize the Rainfall-SST variability across the region. To investigate the relationship between the rainfall anomalies in GoG on seasonal, inter-annual and decadal scales, cross correlation analyses and composites were used. IDW from the ArcGIS Spatial Analyst Tool, Ferret and CDO were used to obtain the seasonal and decadal rainfall and SST maps and statistical analysis over the region of study. The result of the decadal analysis of SST variability from 1970–1980,1980–1990, 1990–2000,2000–2010,2010–2020 and 2022 indicate that SST was highest during the period of 2010–2020 at 28.91oC and fluctuated between 1970–1980 (28.49oC) and 1980–1990 (28.08OC) While the seasonal pattern of SST showed marked variability with March-April and May recording 29.34oC(MAM) and the lowest been in June-July-August(JJA) at 28.71oC. In terms of decadal analysis of rainfall, the period 2010–2020 recorded the highest amount of rainfall along the coast (3,145.5mm-3,928.3mm while 1970–1980 recorded the lowest amount of rainfall (2,650-3.310mm. To assess the teleconnection between of SST and precipitation dynamics, SST values were plotted against seasonal rainfall in nine stations namely Abijan ,Accra, Guinea, Conakry, Doula, Freetown, Lagos, Lome and Monrovia showed positive correlation except Doula. The spatial pattern of seasonal rainfall climatology categorized in to DJF,MAM, JJA and SON reveals that JJA and SON produced 80% of rainfall in the Coastal GOG followed by MAM. The study affirmed that warm and cold tongue exist in the GOG alongside positive teleconnection and that the spatial variability of SST observed in this study corresponds positively with the decadal and seasonal variability of rainfall
Multiple primary colon carcinomas with small cell neuroendocrine lung carcinoma: A case report and literature review
Authors: Gao Jian , Luo Zengyou , Ma Zhiming
Published: November 2023

Background
The incidence of multiple primary cancers is increasing with age and improved medical screening, but the simultaneous coexistence of solitary lung cancer and multiple colon cancers is rare.
Case demonstration
A 69-year-old male patient was admitted to the hospital with a physical examination that revealed a mass in the right lung and another in the hepatic flexure of the colon. Furthermore, a colonoscopy identified three masses in the colon. Therefore, the patient was diagnosed with a "pulmonary mass" along with a "colonic mass”. Following a comprehensive multidisciplinary discussion, the patient underwent a "lobectomy", and the postoperative pathology report indicated a "neuroendocrine tumor". The patient was admitted to the hospital again three months later due to abdominal pain and difficulty with bowel movements. He was diagnosed with multiple colon cancer and underwent surgery. The pathology report confirmed adenocarcinoma, and then it was confirmed to be a primary tumor originating from two different organs. Postoperative adjuvant CapeOx chemotherapy was performed after surgery. After two consecutive years of follow-up, no recurrence or metastasis of the tumor was observed.
Conclusion
Clinical efforts should not only focus on diagnosing one cancer but also consider the possibility of other diseases. The importance of a systematic approach to comprehensive diagnosis should be highlighted. Intraoperative colonoscopy and PET-CT have certain advantages in detecting MPCs. The treatment of MPCs should follow the principle of an individualized therapeutic approach. Tumors with a poor prognosis and higher risks should receive priority treatment.
Respirable fine particulate matter (PM2.5) aggravates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats by inducing high expression of LOX-1/ NF-κB
Authors: Li Wei , Li Chang-qing , Zhou Peng-bo , Chen Yue-yang , Sun Hong-tao , Chai Er-qing
Published: November 2023

Objective:To investigate the mechanism of exacerbating cerebral ischaemia/reperfusion injury in rats after PM2.5 exposure.
Methods: Eight-week-old SD male rats were selected and randomly grouped into the following groups: control group, I/R group, I/R+PM2.5 low concentration group, I/R+PM2.5 medium concentration group, I/R+PM2.5 high concentration group, and the rats were given the appropriate interventions.The volume of cerebral infarction, the scores of neurological deficits at 24 hours and 48 hours postoperatively; the expression levels of LOX-1, NF-κB, ROS , SOD in brain tissues, and the expression levels of inflammatory factors (IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-18, TNF-α) in serum were observed in rats.
Results: Compared with the I/R group, short-term exposure to medium and high concentrations of PM2.5 increased the volume of cerebral infarction and aggravated the neurological impairment in ischemia-reperfusion rats (p<0.05), increased the expression levels of inflammatory factors (IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-18, TNF-α) in serum of the I/R rats (p<0.05), inhibited SOD, promoted the expression of ROS, and increased the oxidative stress injury. Moreover, moderate and high PM2.5 exposure significantly up-regulated the protein expression levels of LOX-1 and NF-κB in the brain tissue of ischemia-reperfusion rats (p<0.001).
Conclusion: Medium and high PM2.5 exposure increases inflammatory reactions and oxidative stress injury in ischemia-reperfusion rats, exacerbating cerebral infarct volume and neurological impairment. The neurological damaging effects of PM2.5 exposure in I/R rats may be related to its pro-inflammatory and pro-oxidative effects through up-regulation of LOX-1, NF-κB inflammatory mediators.
SiC generation mechanism in photovoltaic crystal pulling waste graphite infusion cylinder
Authors: Hu Yiyou , Chen Zhengjie , Zhang Yonghang , Chen Xiuhua , Ma Wenhui
Published: November 2023

Carbon etching and silicide deposition are common phenomena in furnaces during photovoltaic crystal pulling processes,both of which decrease Graphite components in the furnace service life and pollute silicon-based materials. SiC as one of the major silicides and carbon etching products whose generation mechanism is of practical significance. Therefore, this study took discarded graphite infusion cylinders with significantly different apparent morphologies as the research objects. Through systematic characterization and thermodynamic analysis, we investigated the physical and chemical reactions that occurred during the generation of SiC in various regions of a discarded graphite infusion cylinder. We derived the SiC delamination, infiltration, and phagocytosis mechanism to explain the formation of the apparent morphological characteristics of the waste graphite infusion cylinder. We also described Generation mechanism of SiC in graphite infusion cylinder during photovoltaic crystal pulling process to provide a theoretical basis for prolonging the service life of the graphite infusion cylinder and treating waste graphite infusion cylinder .
Frontal deficits and atrophy in a patient with neuroserpinosis detected by single-case voxel-based morphometry: A case report
Authors: Handa Hideo , Sugiyama Atsuhiko , Kaname Tadashi , Shigemoto Yoko , Sato Noriko , Hirano Shigeki , Nakagawa Yuki , Uzawa Akiyuki , Aotsuka Akiyo , Kuwabara Satoshi
Published: November 2023

Background: Neuroserpinosis is a rare genetic disorder characterized by progressive cognitive decline and myoclonic epilepsy, caused by pathogenic variants of SERPINI1. We reported a case of genetically confirmed neuroserpinosis with de novo H338R mutation in the SERPINI1, in which frontal deficits including inattention and disinhibition, and relevant atrophy in the vmPFC on brain MRI were observed in the early stage of the disease.
Case presentation: A 23-year-old Japanese man presented with progressive inattention and disinhibition over 4 years followed by myoclonic epilepsy. The whole-genome sequencing and filtering analysis showed de novoheterozygous H338R mutation in the SERPINI1, confirming the diagnosis of neuroserpinosis. Single-case voxel-based morphometry using brain magnetic resonance imaging obtained at the initial visit revealed focal gray matter volume loss in the ventromedial prefrontal cortices, which is presumed to be associated with inattention and disinhibition.
Conclusion: Frontal deficits including inattention and disinhibition can be the presenting symptoms of patients with neuroserpinosis. Single-case voxel-based morphometry may be useful for detecting regional atrophy of the frontal lobe in neuroserpinosis. Detecting these abnormalities in the early stage of disease may be key findings for differentiating neuroserpinosis from other causes of progressive myoclonic epilepsy.
Effects of energy director types on the interface morphology and tensile properties of ultrasonically welded CF/PAEK joints
Authors: Xiao Li , Li Binbin , Bu Hengchang , Gao Qiyu , Li Xiaodong , Zhan Xiaohong
Published: November 2023

This study investigates the impact of ultrasonic welding amplitudes and time on the properties of carbon fiber reinforced polyaryletherketone (CF/PAEK) composite joints. To enhance the performance of CF/PAEK ultrasonic welded joints, a hybrid energy director (ED) was proposed, which was composed of the interfacial microgroove and resin film or metal mesh. This study investigated the effect of different types of ED on the forming quality, shear failure load, and fracture interface microstructure of single lap joints made of CF/PAEK. The results indicated that the hybrid ED with resin film offers a distinct effect on enhancing the strength of ultrasonic welded joints. The hybrid ED with resin film essentially improves the tensile properties of the joint, with the strength and toughness increased by 35.8% and 174.3%, respectively. This strengthening effect is primarily attributed to the added resin film providing adequate interfacial resin. Sufficient resin is filled into the interior of the microgroove, ultimately forming a mechanical anchoring structure to strengthen the joint strength.
Enhancing Tea Disease Identification with Lightweight MobileNetV2
Authors: Li Zhilin , Li Yuxin , Yan Chunyu , Yan Peng , Li Xiutong , Yu Mei , Wen Tingchi , Xie Benliang
Published: November 2023

Plant diseases in tea trees can result in significant losses in both the quality and quantity of tea production. Regular monitoring can prevent the occurrence of large-scale diseases in tea plantations. However, existing methods face challenges such as a high number of parameters and low recognition accuracy, which hinder their application for monitoring tea gardens on edge devices. This paper presents a lightweight I-MobileNetV2 model for identifying diseases in tea leaves, with the goal of addressing these challenges. The proposed method embeds a coordinate attention mechanism module into the original MobileNetV2 network, enabling the model to accurately locate disease regions. Furthermore, a multi-branch parallel convolution module is employed to extract disease features across multiple scales, which improves the adaptability of the model to different disease scales. Then an automated pruning strategy is employed to compress the model and reduce computational complexity. The results indicate that algorithm proposed surpass the original MobileNetV2 by 1.91 percentage points with an average accuracy of 96.12% based on self-built tea disease dataset, the model parameters have been reduced by 40%, making it more suitable for practical application in tea garden environments.
Cross-border comparison of mycobiomes in Parmelia and Peltigera lichens from Turkey and South Korea
Authors: Yang Jiho , Woo Jung-Jae , Sesal Cenk , Gökalsın Barış , Açıkgöz Birkan , Başaran Tunahan Irmak , Kurtuluş Gamze , Hur Jae-Seoun
Published: November 2023

Lichens, traditionally considered as a simple partnership primarily between fungi and photobiont, are, in reality, complex ecosystems comprised of a multitude of microorganisms. Endolichenic fungi represent fungi residing within lichen thalli without causing any disease symptoms. Various factors, including the host lichen species and environmental conditions, can influence the structure of the lichen mycobiome. To investigate which factor, host genus or location, has a greater impact on the lichen mycobiome, we conducted a comparative analysis of mycobiomes withinParmeliaandPeltigeracollected from both Turkey and South Korea, using high-throughput sequencing. In terms of taxonomic diversity, the lichen mycobiome does not show significant differentiation based on host phylogeny or geographical distance, suggesting similar characteristics. Location differences exert a stronger influence on the lichen mycobiome than the host genus. We have identified the core mycobiomes ofParmeliaandPeltigera, and these two core mycobiomes share common fungal strains including basidiomycete yeast. Our study enhances our understanding of lichen mycobiomes, shedding light on their taxonomic diversity, the factors influencing their composition, and the core members and specialists within these intricate ecosystems.
Entrepreneurship cultivation and application modeling of artificial intelligence under the construction of "Three regions and One District" in Anhui Province
Authors: Jiang Leilei , Hu Pan , Dong Ke
Published: November 2023

As a double border area of eastern and central areas, anhui "duplicity", facing the national development strategy of multiple stacking, cultural historical heritage deep, science and technology innovation ability for many years in the country the first phalanx, transportation network access, the ecological environment is good, in the development of Yangtze river delta integration has obvious comparative advantage. Therefore, Anhui should take the initiative in the integration of the Yangtze River Delta and the high-quality development of the central region. The use and promotion of artificial intelligence technology is a profound educational change in innovation and entrepreneurship education, which better meets the requirements of the combination of theory and practice in innovation and entrepreneurship education, and has broad development prospects and great application value. This paper establishes a complete set of application modeling system of entrepreneurship training based on artificial intelligence technology. The experimental results show that the application model of entrepreneurial cultivation has good prediction performance, and the evaluation model can provide accurate information and decision support, which has a good application prospect.
Examining Physical Activity’s Impact on Delivery, Institution based cross- sectional study
Authors: Hailu Molla , Amsalu Hailemariam
Published: November 2023

Background
Although cesarean section is an essential maternal healthcare service, it has both maternal and neonatal adverse outcomes as compared to spontaneous vaginal delivery. Physical activities enhance the strength of the abdominal, diaphragm, and pelvic floor muscles, stretching the thigh and back leg adductors, all these help the women more easily turn to and keep their natural delivery positions. This might facilitate spontaneous vaginal delivery with a short duration of labor.
Objective
To assess the effect of degree of physical activity during pregnancy on mode of delivery and duration of labor.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted in 150 women who gave birth at MizanTepi University Teaching Hospital (MTUTH), Ethiopia. Data was collected through face-to-face interviews using a structured questionnaire. Descriptive analysis, chi-square and t-test were conducted to check the presence of any association between the dependent and independent variables. A p-value of < 0.05 will be considered statistically significant.
Result
Our study found that 87% of women who engaged in vigorous physical activities had spontaneous vaginal deliveries. Of those women who have light physical activities, only 16.5% have spontaneous vaginal delivery. The duration of labor for women with vigorous and light physical activity was 5.2 ± 2.07 and 8.9 ± 2.8 hours, respectively.
Conclusion
Engaging in the recommended amount of aerobic exercise while pregnant under a doctor's supervision is crucial for reducing the duration of labor and the need for an operational delivery.
Development and Validation of Self-assessment Instrument to Measure the Digital Professionalism of Healthcare Professionals Using Social Media
Authors: Imran Shazia , Yasmeen Rahila , Mansoor Memoona
Published: November 2023

Background:The use of social media across the globe has risen incrementally. During the COVID-19 pandemic, these sites undeniably provided new avenues for professional networking but also led to a surge in cases of online misconduct. Professionalism instruments and scales do not assess the digital attitude and behavior of healthcare professionals (HCPs). The purpose of this study was to identify the domains of digital professionalism related to social media use and to validate a self-assessment instrument to assess the digital professionalism of HCPs using social media.MethodsAn instrument development multiphase mixed method study (exploratory sequential) was conducted in two phases: item development and qualitative content validation followed by validation of the instrument. Feedback was taken from 15 experts for qualitative content validation in phase 1. In phase 2, content validity was established through three rounds of modified Delphi. Validity evidence was collected for the content (content validity index), response process (cognitive interviews), internal structure (confirmatory factor analysis), and internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha).ResultsThe 48-item preliminary instrument was reduced to a 28-item instrument with eight domains: self-anonymity, privacy settings, maintenance of boundaries and confidentiality, conflict of interest, accountability, respect for colleagues, and ethics. The content validity index of the scale was 0.91. The reliability and construct validity of the instrument was established by responses from 500 healthcare professionals from multiple hospitals. Confirmatory factor analysis showed a model with a goodness-of-fit index of 0.86, root mean square error of approximation of 0.06, and observed normed χ2of 2.7. The internal consistency through Cronbach's alpha α was 0.96.ConclusionThe digital professionalism self-assessment instrument (DP-SAI) has an appropriate level of content and measures the construct reliably. It can be used by medical doctors, dental clinicians, nurses, physiotherapists, and clinical pharmacists to self-assess and reflect on their social media practices. This will help to address these issues to enhance the quality of online communication through various social media platforms.
Targeting GD2-positive Refractory/Resistant Neuroblastoma and Osteosarcoma with Anti- CD3 x Anti-GD2 Bispecific Antibody Armed T cells
Authors: Yankelevich Maxim , Thakur Archana , Modak Shakeel , Chu Roland , Taub Jeffrey , Martin Alissa , Schalk Dana L. , Schienshang Amy , Whitaker Sara , Rea Katie , Lee Daniel W. , Liu Qin , Shields Anthony , Cheung Nai-Kong , Lum Lawrence G.
Published: November 2023

Background: Since treatment of neuroblastoma (NB) with anti-GD2 monoclonal antibodies provides a survival benefit in children with minimal residual disease and our preclinical study shows that anti-CD3 x anti-GD2 bispecific antibody (GD2Bi) armed T cells (GD2BATs) were highly cytotoxic to GD2+ cell lines, we conducted a phase I/II study in recurrent/refractory patients to establish safety and explore the clinical benefit of GD2BATs.
Methods: The 3+3 dose escalation study (NCT02173093) phase I involved 9 evaluable patients with NB (n=5), osteosarcoma (OST) (n=3), and desmoplastic small round cell tumors (DSRCT) (n=1) with twice weekly infusions of GD2BATs at 40, 80, or 160 x 106 GD2BATs/kg/infusion with daily interleukin 2 (300,000 IU/m2) and twice weekly granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (250 µg/m2). Phase II portion of the trial was conducted in patients with NB at the dose 3 level of 160 x 106 GD2BATs/kg/infusion but failed to enroll the planned number of patients.
Results: Nine of 12 patients in the phase I completed therapy. There were no dose limiting toxicities (DLTs). All patients developed mild and manageable cytokine release syndrome (CRS) with grade 2-3 fevers/chills, headaches, and occasional hypotension up to 72 hours after GD2BAT infusions. GD2-antibody associated pain was not significant in this study. The median OS for patients in the Phase I and limited Phase II was 18.0 and 31.2 months, respectively, whereas the combined OS was 21.1 months. There was a complete bone marrow response with overall stable disease in one of the phase I patients with NB. Ten of 12 phase II patients were evaluable for response: 1 had partial response. Three additional patients were deemed to have clinical benefit with prolonged stable disease. More than 50% of evaluable patients showed augmented immune responses to GD2+ targets after GD2BATs as measured by interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) EliSpots, Th1 cytokines, and/or chemokines.
Conclusions: Our study demonstrated safety of up to 160 x 106 cells/kg/infusion of GD2BATs. Combined with evidence for the development of post treatment endogenous immune responses, this data supports further investigation of GD2 BATs in larger Phase II clinical trials.
Integrative Genomic Analyses Reveal Putative Cell Type-specific Targets of the Drosophila Ets Transcription Factor Pointed
Authors: Raja Komal Kumar Bollepogu , Yeung Kelvin , Shim Yoon-Kyung , Mardon Graeme
Published: November 2023

The Ets domain transcription factors direct diverse biological processes throughout all metazoans and are implicated in development as well as in tumor initiation, progression and metastasis. The Drosophila Ets transcription factor Pointed (Pnt) is the downstream effector of the Epidermal growth factor receptor (Egfr) pathway and is required for cell cycle progression, specification, and differentiation of most cell types in the larval eye disc. Despite its critical role in development, very few targets of Pnt have been reported previously. Here, we employed an integrated approach by combining genome-wide single cell and bulk data to identify putative cell type-specific Pnt targets. First, we used chromatin immunoprecipitation with high-throughput sequencing (ChIP-seq) to determine the genome-wide occupancy of Pnt in late larval eye discs. We identified enriched regions that mapped to an average of 6,941 genes, the vast majority of which are novel putative Pnt targets. Next, we integrated ChIP-seq data with two other larval eye single cell genomics datasets (scRNA-seq and snATAC-seq) to reveal 157 putative cell type-specific Pnt targets that may help mediate unique cell type responses upon Egfr-induced differentiation. Finally, our integrated data also predicts cell type-specific functional enhancers that were not reported previously. Together, our study provides a greatly expanded list of putative cell type-specific Pnt targets in the eye and is a resource for future studies that will allow mechanistic insights into complex developmental processes regulated by Egfr signaling.
A rumor propagation model based on nuclear fission
Authors: Zheng Wenrong , Liu Fengming , Sun Yingping
Published: November 2023

The spread of online rumors is rapid, and its transmission mechanism has always been a research difficulty. In this paper, the network rumors are compared to the nuclear fission process, and the network rumors propagation model is constructed. Firstly, the initial online rumors are compared to neutrons, uranium nuclei are compared to individual rumor receivers, and fission barriers are compared to individual active propagation thresholds; Secondly, the process of nuclear fission is analyzed, and the degree of energy accumulation is used to compare the social impact of online rumors. Finally, the online rumor propagation model based on nuclear fission is constructed. Through experimental simulation, it has been shown that compared to classic infectious disease models, this model can better describe the spread process of rumors in social networks. Through research and analysis, suggestions for suppressing rumors have been proposed, providing new ideas and references for future researchers.
Prediction of local failure for post-operative radiotherapy of resected brain metastases in breast cancer patients
Authors: haisraely Ory , symon zvi , kaisman-elbaz tehila , lawerence yaacov , ben-ayun Maoz , whol anton , dubinsky sergi , cohen zvi , globus ofer , taliansky alisa
Published: November 2023

Background Single brain metastasis surgical resection remains an effective treatment for brain metastases. However, surgery alone associate with a high rate of local failure. The current guidelines recommend radiation to surgical cavity. The recommended dose for brain cavity after surgery remain to be define as most guidelines gives a very general suggestion about the dose and fractionation. The aim of this study was to determine what variable influence local control in this specific population.Methods Retrospective analysis of 52 patients with breast cancer who undergo surgical resection to single brain metastases and who received post-operative radiotherapy between the years 2010–2022. All clinical and dosimetric variables were analyzed to evaluate their impact on local control. A predictive model for local control was calculated.Results One year local control was 65.3%. HER-2 disease, size of initial tumor, time from initial surgery, total dose deliver and the type of lesion were all significant for local control. The most important variable was total dose deliver. A specific nomogram using 7 parameters for a prediction of local was computed.Conclusion Brain metastases from breast cancer remain a life-threating condition. Surgery plays a critical role in the treatment of large symptomatic brain metastases for which Post-operative radiotherapy is essential. Choosing a regime of 5 fraction with a dose of 30Gy (BED4 > 70Gy) seem important for achieving local control and without increase toxicity.
Enhancing Data Security in Cloud Computing with Optimized Feature Selection and Machine Learning for Intrusion Detection
Authors: Kavitha S , Gadde Swetha , Thatikonda Ramya , Vaddadi Srinivas Aditya , Naresh E , Pareek Piyush Kumar
Published: November 2023

The major objective of this project is to create a Machine Learning (ML) model that can improve data security when data is transported or handled utilizing cloud computing. Researchers must develop a model or a strategy that can secure the data because cloud computing is one of the fastest-growing technologies. This study employs a data set made up of several parameters that can help ML models improve the security of the data for this goal. Then, using a variety of methods, this data set is prepossessed. Following feature extraction, when the parameters are left out, the preprocessed data is then provided to the message learning models. The ML models are then trained and tested using these exclusive parameters. For greater efficiency, three separate learning metrics and three different ML models are created. They are the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) algorithm, the K-nearest neighbor (KNN) algorithm, and the Random Forest (RF) algorithm. The models' testing and training are then used to compare their efficacy. For this reason, the outcomes of both training and testing are noted and examined. The ideal measuring methodology for improving data security is found using parameters like precision, true positive rate, false negative rate, etc. The effectiveness of the feature extraction technique is tabulated alongside the ML models to determine the optimal feature extraction technique and ML model combination. In the end, it is discovered that the ANN algorithm combined with a simulated bee colony may generate the highest level of efficiency. This model's output has a final accuracy of 93.8%. As a result, this approach can be used in conjunction with applications that call for cloud computing, improving data security in the process.
“A part of my life”. A qualitative study about perceptions of female genital mutilation among affected women residing in Sweden
Authors: Eshraghi Bita , Marions Lena , Berger Cecilia , Berggren Vanja
Published: November 2023

Background Female genital mutilation (FGM) is defined as all procedures involving partial or total removal of the external female genitalia, or other injuries to them for non-medical reasons. Due to migration, healthcare providers in high-income countries need to better understand the consequences of FGM. The aim of this study was to elucidate women’s experiences of FGM, with particular focus on perceived health consequences and experiences of healthcare received in Sweden.Methods A qualitative study was performed through face-to-face, semi-structured interviews with eight women who had experienced FGM in childhood, prior to immigration to Sweden. The transcribed narratives were analyzed using content analysis.Results Three main categories emerged: “Living with FGM”, “Living with lifelong health consequences” and “Encounters with healthcare providers”. The participants highlighted the motives behind FGM and their mothers' ambivalence in the decision process. Although the majority of participants had undergone FGM type 3, the most severe type of FGM, the lifelong health consequences were diverse. Poor knowledge about FGM, insulting attitude, and lack of sensitive care were experienced when seeking healthcare in Sweden.Conclusions Our findings indicate that FGM is a complex matter causing a diversity in perceived health consequences in women affected. Increased knowledge and awareness about FGM among healthcare providers in Sweden is of utmost importance. Further, this subject needs to be addressed in the healthcare encounter in a professional way.
Digital Twins: Facilitating Digital Transformation From and Beyond BIM in Construction
Authors: Afzal Muhammad , Khan Asmat Ullah , Bilal Muhammad , Ayyub Muhammad Faisal , Shoaib Muhammad
Published: November 2023

Industry 4.0 technologies are revolutionizing conventional practices across various sectors and stand at the forefront of digital transformation within these industries. Building Information Modeling (BIM) technology has modernized the construction sector, an industry known for low innovation but high GDP contribution, over the last few years. The adoption of Digital Twins (DT) technology is now enriching BIM, particularly in addressing the dynamic aspects of construction processes. This empowers the utilization of real-time data for more resilient data-driven practices, resulting in heightened productivity and accelerated progress in digital transformation. A systematic review is imperative as the construction industry needs to keep up with the fast-paced digital economy. Therefore, this paper aims to investigate the status of digital transformation by using the PRISMA methodology for systematic review. The Scopus database was referred to using specific keywords, and 52 documents were obtained and filtered to 15 final records. Literature analysis about DT-driven digitalization in construction provides insights into the transitional stages and pillars guiding the digital transformation phenomenon. This study will provide valuable insights into the future DT trends in the sector and enable the realization of digitalization in the construction industry.
aktuelle Kenntnisstand über die Wintergrüngewächse (Pyrolaceae) in Sachsen-Anhalt
Authors: Ziesche Heinz
Published: November 2023

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Zur Ökologie von Impatiens edgeworthii HOOK. f. in Mitteldeutschland
Authors: Weiss Volkmar
Published: November 2023

Etwa seit dem Jahre 2000 vermehrt sich die aus dem West-Himalaja stammende einjährige Springkrautart Impatiens edgeworthii in einigen Wäldern Mitteldeutschlands. Hinsichtlich ihrer Feuchtigkeitsansprüche steht die neue Art zwischen Impatiens parviflora (seit 1837 selbst ein invasiver Neophyt) und der einheimischen Art Impatiens noli-tangere. Dabei wird Impatiens parviflora von halbschattigen und mäßig-feuchten Standorten fast vollständig verdrängt, jedoch Impatiens noli-tangere auf sehr feuchten Standorten nicht beeinträchtigt. Wegen ihre Wuchshöhe, der späten Blütezeit und Samenreife und der höheren Samenproduktion ist die neue Art sogar in der Lage, Urtica dioica zu verdrängen und entlang der Waldwege neue Saumgesellschaften zu bilden.
Pflanzliche Biodiversität im Wohngebiet Landrain in Halle/Saale
Authors: Schubert Rudolf
Published: November 2023

Im Zeitraum von 2008–2013 wurden in einem Wohngebiet in Halle die Flechten, Moose, Farnartigen und Blütenpflanzen erfasst. Infolge des Einbringens zahlreicher Kultur- darunter vieler Zierpflanzen besonders im Wohn- und Kleingartenbereich konnte eine sehr hohe Artenvielfalt bei Blütenpflanzen festgestellt werden. Diese schwankt im Jahresverlauf und auch während mehrerer Jahre sehr stark. Sie geht bei zunehmenden menschlichen Eingriffen in die Natur mit einer Abnahme an längerfristig stabilen Lebensgemeinschaften einher. Eine ökologische Bewertung der Biodiversität anhand einer Organismengruppe ist unvollständig und sollte vermieden werden.
Monitoring der Pflanzenarten der Anhänge II und IV der FFH-Richtlinie in Sachsen-Anhalt
Authors: Krumbiegel Anselm , Frank Dieter , Eckstein Jan , Hein Christoph , Kommraus Florian , Meysel Frank
Published: November 2023

Für die Pflanzenarten der Anhänge II und IV der FFH-Richtlinie wurde im Rahmen der FFH-Berichtspflicht Deutschlands an die EU-Kommission ein Monitoringsystem eingerichtet. Hierfür sind die Bundesländer verantwortlich. In Sachsen-Anhalt gibt es aktuell drei Vorkommen von Angelica palustris, eines von Apium repens, 107 von Cypripedium calceolus, 20 von Jurinea cyanoides, fünf von Liparis loeselii und fünf von Orthotrichum rogeri. Für alle Vorkommen dieser Arten wurden in den Jahren 2011/2012 Monitoringflächen eingerichtet (für Cypripedium calceolus nur an 10 Vorkommen, für Jurinea cyanoides an 18 Vorkommen). Diese Vorkommen wurden erfasst und bewertet. Für Coleanthus subtilis, Lindernia procumbens und Luronium natans konnten die in den zurückliegenden Jahren letztmalig bestätigten Vorkommen aktuell (2011/2012) nicht nachgewiesen werden. Aufgrund des natürlicherweise unsteten Auftretens dieser Arten wurden an den letzten bekannten Fundorten Monitoringflächen eingerichtet. Die drei Hauptkriterien des Monitorings: Zustand der Population, Habitatstruktur und Beeinträchtigungen sowie artspezifische Unterkriterien sind durch bundeseinheitliche Vorgaben festgelegt, ebenso die Häufigkeit der Erfassung dieser Kriterien während der jeweils sechsjährigen Berichtsperiode. Darüber hinaus sieht das Landesmonitoring teilweise eine detailliertere Untersuchungstiefe und -frequenz vor.