bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efecto del amamantamiento restringido y la complementación alimenticia sobre las ganancias de peso y anestro posparto en vacas cárnicas//Effect of restricted suckling and food complementation on weight gains and postpartum anoestrous in beef cows
Authors: Severino Lendechy Víctor Hugo , Montiel Palacios Felipe , Ahuja Aguirre Concepción del Carmen , Hiram Gómez de Lucio Hiram , Chay Canul Alfonso Juventino
Published: April 2020

El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar el efecto del amamantamiento restringido y la complementación alimenticia sobre las ganancias de peso y anestro posparto, en bovinos de carne, para lo cual se utilizaron 120 vacas Simbrah lactantes, distribuidas en cuatro tratamientos: T1) amamantamiento continuo con complementación alimenticia (ACCCA; n=30), T2) amamantamiento restringido sin complementación alimenticia (ARSCA; n=30), T3) amamantamiento restringido con complementación alimenticia (ARCCA, n=30) y T4) amamantamiento continuo sin complementación alimenticia (ACSCA, n=30). Los resultados fueron evaluados mediante análisis de varianza en un arreglo factorial 2x2, Chi-cuadrada y correlación simple. La ganancia de peso (g/día) y peso al estro (kg) en las vacas del T3 fue mayor (0.926 y 551.0) comparado con T1 (0.425 y 535.0), T2 (0.544 y 545.8) y T4 (0.194 y 501.0), respectivamente (P<0.01). El anestro posparto (días) fue menor en T3 (85.5) comparado con T1(185.6), T2 (158.0) y T4 (259.2) (P<0.01). La tasa de gestación (%) fue mayor en T3 (86.6, 26/30) con respecto a T1 (60.0, 18/30), T2 (70.0, 21/30) y T4 (40.0, 12/30) (P<0.05). Se encontró efecto por tipo de amamantamiento, CA y su interacción. En conclusión, el ARCCA eleva la tasa de preñez y disminuye el anestro posparto en vacas Simbrah en el trópico.ABSTRACTThe objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of restricted suckling and nutritional complementation on weight gain and postpartum anestrus, in beef cattle, for which 120 lactating Simbrah cows were used, distributed in four treatments: T1) continuous suckling with food complementation (ACCCA, n=30), T2) restricted suckling without food complementation (ARSCA, n=30), T3) restricted suckling with food complementation (ARCCA, n=30) and T4) continuous suckling without food complementation (ACSCA, n=30). Results were evaluated through analysis of variance in a 2x2 factorial arrangement, Chi-square and simple correlation. Weight gain (g/day) and estrus weight (kg) in T3 cows were higher (0.926 and 551.0) compared to T1 (0.425 and 535.0), T2 (0.544 and 545.8) and T4 (0.194 and 501.0), respectively (P<0.01). Postpartum anestrus (days) was lower in T3 (85.5) compared to T1 (185.6), T2 (158.0) and T4 (259.2) (P<0.01). Pregnancy rate (%) was higher in T3 (86.6, 26/30) with respect to T1 (60.0, 18/30), T2 (70.0, 21/30) and T4 (40.0, 12/30) (P< 0.05). An effect was found on the type of suckling, CA and their interaction. In conclusion, the ARCCA increases pregnancy rate and decreases postpartum anestrus in Simbrah cows in the tropics.
Modelización espacial de ninfas de Bactericera cockerelli Sulc. en tomate de cáscara (Physalis ixocarpa Brot.) por medio de técnicas geoestadísticas//Spatial modeling of Bactericera cockerelli Sulc. nymphs on husk tomato (Physalis ixocarpa Brot.) using of geostatistical techniques
Authors: Rivera Martínez Roberto , Ramírez Dávila José Francisco , Martínez Quiroz Marisol , González Huerta Andrés
Published: April 2020

El cultivo de tomate de cáscara es afectado por la presencia de diversas plagas y enfermedades en donde figura la presencia del psílido Bactericera cockerelli Sulc., al cual se le atribuye el amarillamiento y aborto floral. El control de este psílido no ha sido eficiente por el desconocimiento de la distribución espacial del mismo, por lo tanto, el presente estudio se realizó con la finalidad de conocer la distribución espacial de ninfas de Bactericera cockerelli, en tomate de cáscara por medio de técnicas geoestadísticas. Se determinó el semivariograma experimental y se ajustó a un modelo teórico, el ajuste se validó con el método de validación cruzada y se obtuvieron los mapas de agregación de la plaga a través del krigeado. Los resultados mostraron que las poblaciones de ninfas de Bactericera cockerelli, presentan una distribución del tipo agregada, la cual fue corroborada con los mapas de densidad. La plaga no infestó el 100% de la superficie de las parcelas estudiadas, lo cual nos ayuda a crear programas de manejo eficaces y dirigir las medidas de control a las áreas específicas de infestación.ABSTRACTThe husk tomato crop is affected by the presence of several pests and diseases which includes the presence of Bactericera cockerelli Sulc., psyllid to which, yellowing and floral abortion is attributed. The control of this psyllid has not been efficient; therefore, the present study was carriedout with the purpose to know the spatial distribution of B. cockerelli nymphs, on husk tomato by using geostatistical techniques. The experimental semivariogram was determined and a theoretical model adjusted, and validated with the cross validation method and the aggregation maps of the plate were obtained through krigeado. The results show that the populations of B. cockerelli nymphs exhibits an aggregate type distribution, corroborated with density maps. The pest did not infest 100 % of the plots studied, which helps us to create effective management programs and direct control measures to specific areas of infestation.
Riesgo metabólico y su relación con la capacidad aerobia y muscular en jóvenes//Metabolic risk and its relationship with aerobic and muscular capacity in young people
Authors: Moreno Joel E. , De León Lidia G. , Candia-Luján Ramón , Ortiz-Rodríguez Briseidy , Carrasco-Legleu Claudia E.
Published: April 2020

El síndrome metabólico se caracteriza como un grupo de anormalidades metabólicas, que aumentan el riesgo cardiovascular y de diabetes mellitus tipo II. Estas enfermedades se han convertido en algunas de las problemáticas más importantes en México y en el mundo debido a su alto impacto sobre la salud pública. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la relación independiente de la capacidad aerobia y la fuerza muscular con factores de riesgo metabólico en adultos jóvenes. Se realizaron mediciones antropométricas, clínicas, de composición corporal y bioquímicas a un total de 12 mujeres y 11 hombres de entre 20 y 30 años de edad que participaron de manera voluntaria, mientras que la capacidad aerobia y fuerza muscular fueron evaluadas mediante pruebas de campo. Los resultados mostraron que el 30.4 % de la muestra presentó por lo menos un factor de riesgo, mientras que solo el 4.3 % tuvieron dos factores de riesgo metabólico. La capacidad aerobia y la fuerza muscular no mostraron correlaciones significativas con factores de riesgo metabólico. Los participantes evidenciaron obesidad abdominal, resistencia a la insulina y/o dislipidemia, lo que supone aumento de riesgo de enfermedades no transmisibles a mediano o largo plazo si no se modifican estos factores.ABSTRACTMetabolic syndrome, characterized as a group of metabolic abnormalities, increase the risk for cardiovascular diseases and type II diabetes mellitus. These diseases have become some of the most important problems in Mexico and the world due to its high impact on public health. The aim of this study was to evaluate the independent relationship of aerobic capacity and muscle strength with metabolic risk factors in young adults. We determined anthropometric, clinical, body composition and biochemical measurements to a total of 12 women and 11 men between 20 and 30 years of age who participated voluntarily, while the evaluation of aerobic capacity and muscular strength was through field tests. Results showed that 30.4 % of the sample had at least one risk factor, while only 4.3 % had two metabolic risk factors. Aerobic capacity and muscular strength did not show significant correlations with metabolic risk factors. The participants showed abdominal obesity, insulin resistance and/or dyslipidemia, which could result in an increased risk of noncommunicable diseases in the medium or long term.
Inhibición de lipasa pancreática por flavonoides: importancia del doble enlace C2=C3 y la estructura plana del anillo C//Inhibition of pancreatic lipase by flavonoids: relevance of the C2=C3 double bond and C-ring planarity
Authors: Martinez-Gonzalez Alejandra Isabel , Díaz-Sánchez Ángel Gabriel , De la Rosa Laura Alejandra , Bustos- Jaimes Ismael , Vazquez-Flores Alma A. , Alvarez-Parrilla Emilio
Published: April 2020

Lipasa pancreática es una enzima clave en el metabolismo de lípidos. Los flavonoides son compuestos bioactivos de gran relevancia debido a sus interacciones con enzimas digestivas. Se evaluó la actividad de lipasa pancreática en presencia de flavonoides. Mediante espectroscopía UVVisible se determinó que el mejor inhibidor fue quercetina, seguido de rutina > luteolina > catequina > hesperetina, con valores de IC50 de 10.30, 13.50, 14.70, 28.50 y 30.50 μM, respectivamente. Todos los flavonoides mostraron una inhibición mixta, excepto catequina que mostró una inhibición acompetitiva. La capacidad inhibitoria de los flavonoides se relacionó con propiedades estructurales compartidas entre los distintos flavonoides, como la hidroxilación en las posiciones C5, C7 (anillo A), C2’ y C3’ (anillo B), y el doble enlace entre C2 y C3 (anillo C). Los resultados de inhibición coincidieron con el análisis de la fluorescencia extrínseca. Los estudios de docking molecular indicaron que la interacción entre lipasa pancreática y los flavonoides fue principalmente mediante interacciones hidrofóbicas (pi-stacking). Las interacciones de todos los flavonoides, excepto rutina, se dieron en el mismo sitio (subsitio 1) de la enzima. La insaturación entre C2 y C3 fue determinante para el acomodo de los flavonoides con la enzima, principalmente por interacciones de pi-stacking.ABSTRACTPancreatic lipase is a key enzyme in lipid metabolism. Flavonoids are bioactive compounds obtained from vegetables with big relevance, due to their intrinsic interaction with digestive enzymes. Pancreatic lipase activity was evaluated in the presence of flavonoids, through UV-Vis spectroscopy. All tested flavonoids showed a mixed-type inhibition, except catechin, which showed a uncompetitive inhibition. The best inhibitor was quercetin followed by rutin > luteolin > catechin > hesperetin, with IC50 values of 10.30, 13.50, 14.70, 28.50 and 30.50 μM, respectively. The flavonoids inhibitory capacity was related to structural properties shared between the different flavonoids, such as the hydroxylation at C5, C7 (ring A), C2’ and C3’ (ring B), and the double bond between C2 and C3 (ring C). The inhibition results are in agreement with the extrinsic fluorescence analysis. Molecular docking studies indicated that the interaction between pancreatic lipase and flavonoids was mainly through hydrophobic interactions (pi-stacking). The interactions of all flavonoids, except rutin, occurred at the same enzyme site (subsite 1). Instauration between C2 and C3 was decisive for the arrangement of flavonoids with the enzyme, mainly due to pi-stacking interactions.
Explorando diferentes subproductos considerados como residuos por la industria pesquera en México//Exploring different by-products considered as residues by the fishery industry in México
Authors: García-Sifuentes Celia Olivia , Scheuren-Acevedo Susana Maria , Zamorano-Apodaca Julio Cesar
Published: April 2020

La producción y poco aprovechamiento de subproductos de los grandes centros de distribución en México causa problemas ambientales. Se exploró la composición fisicoquímica de distintos subproductos evaluando el pH, humedad, lípidos, ceniza, proteínas, nitrógeno no proteico, bases volátiles totales, hidroxiprolina y prolina en tres sitios (zonas) de muestreo durante tres meses diferentes, cada zona o sitio representó muestras diferentes, así: MM (mezcla de subproductos de diferentes especies), AT (subproductos derivados del enlatado de atún), TL (subproductos derivados del fileteo de tilapia). Se registraron diferencias en la composición química entre los tres meses de muestreo y entre los tres sitios evaluados. Los resultados mostraron que los componentes más importantes que se pueden recuperar son: proteínas, para el sitio MM, incluyendo el colágeno; lípidos y proteínas, para el sitio AT; colágeno y lípidos para el sitio TL. Los valores promedio de pH (7.89), humedad (72.75 %) y BVT (188 mg N/100 g) para el sitio MM, demuestran la necesidad de mejorar el manejo de los subproductos en ese sitio. Los subproductos de los tres sitios de muestreo mostraron ser una fuente alternativa de componentes importantes como proteínas que no son colágeno, colágeno, lípidos y cenizas, dependiendo del sitio. Sin embargo, es importante resaltar la necesidad de mejorar el manejo de los subproductos para lograr un mayor aprovechamiento.ABSTRACTThe production and under-utilization of by-products from the large distribution centers in México, promotes environmental problems. The physicochemical composition of different by-products produced by the large distribution centers throughout different months was explored evaluating pH, moisture, lipids, ash, proteins, non-protein nitrogen, total volatile bases, hydroxyproline and proline, in three places during three months, each place represented different sample, including: MM (by-products from different fish species), AT (by-products of tuna canning, and TL (tilapia by-products). There were differences in chemical composition among the three months and the evaluated places. Results showed that the most important components that could be recovered are proteins for MM, collagen, lipids and proteins for AT and collagen and lipids for TL. Average values of pH (7.89), moisture (72.75 %) and total volatile bases (188 mg N/100 g) demonstrate the need of improving the by-products management in the MM place. By-products from the three evaluated places showed be an alternative source to obtain important components including non-collagen proteins, collagen, lipids, and ash depending on the sampling place. However, it is important to highlight the need of improving the handling of by-products to achieve greater exploitation.
Validation of suitable reference genes for quantitative real-time PCR normalization in Crassostrea gigas spat stage during toxic dinoflagellates exposure//Validación de genes de referencia adecuados para la normalización de PCR cuantitativa en tiempo real de juveniles de Crassostrea gigas expuestos a dinoflagelados tóxicos
Authors: Romero Geraldo Reyna , Hernández Saavedra Norma , Fimbres Olivarría Diana , García Lagunas Norma
Published: April 2020

The quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction is a widely used method for gene expression analysis requiring carefully selected reference genes to ensure data validity. Regardless of several studies on gene expression bivalves and particularly Crassostrea gigas, has not been fully investigated regarding the evaluation of reference genes suitable for normalization of expression analysis. In this study, five candidate reference genes: actin, β tubulin, α subunit of elongation factor 1, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and 28S ribosomal RNA were analyzed, to determine the most suitable reference genes, after of Crassostrea gigas spat were fed with Gymnodinium catenatum and Prorocentrum lima in mixed and compared to non-toxic diet Isochrysis galbana. The results showed that β-tub and ef-1α were the most stable genes for oysters feed with a mixed diet of P. lima and I. galbana. The gapdh and 28S rRNA were the most stable genes for oysters feed with G. catenatum and I. galbana. In addition, the selection of optimal reference genes during dinoflagellates exposure was verified by analyzing the expression level of trypsin and cytochrome c oxidase I target genes. Our study could be beneficial for future studies on gene expression in C. gigas.RESUMENLa reacción en cadena de la polimerasa cuantitativa en tiempo real es un método ampliamente utilizado para el análisis de expresión génica, requiere genes de referencia cuidadosamente seleccionados para garantizar la validez de los datos. A pesar de los estudios sobre expresión génica en bivalvos y particularmente en Crassostrea gigas, existe escasa información sobre la evaluación de los genes de referencia adecuados para la normalización del análisis de expresión. En este estudio se analizaron cinco genes candidatos de referencia: actina, β tubulina, subunidad α del factor de elongación 1, gliceraldehído-3-fosfato deshidrogenasa y ARN ribosomal 28S, para determinar los genes más adecuados, en juvenilesde Crassostrea gigas alimentado con una dieta mixta de Gymnodinium catenatum y Prorocentrum lima en comparación con una dieta no tóxica de Isochrysis galbana. Los resultados mostraron que β tub y ef1 α fueron los genes más estables para C. gigas alimentado con una dieta mixta de I. galbana y P. lima; los genes más estables para los ostiones alimentados con I. galbana y G. catenatum fueron gapdh y 28S rRNA. Además, la selección de los genes de referencia durante la exposición a dinoflagelados tóxicos se verificó analizando el nivel de expresión de los genes blanco tripsina y citocromo c oxidasa I. El presente estudio será de gran utilidad para futuros estudios sobre análisis de expresión génica en juveniles de C. gigas.
Efecto de la temperatura constante y oscilante sobre la condición fisiológica de la almeja mano de león Nodipecten subnodosus//ffect of constant and oscillating temperature on the physiological condition of the lion’s paw scallop Nodipecten subnodosus
Authors: Ocaño-Higuera Victor Manuel , Maeda-Martínez Alfonso Nivardo , Castillo-Yáñez Francisco Javier , Lugo Sánchez María Elena , Márquez-Ríos Enrique , Arvizu Flores Aldo Alejandro , Quintero Reyes Idania Emedith , Pacheco- Aguilar Ramón
Published: April 2020

El presente trabajo de investigación determinó el efecto de la temperatura estable y oscilante del agua de mar a tres diferentes niveles (21, 24 y 28°C), sobre la condición fisiológica de la almeja mano de león Nodipecten subnodosus. Para ello, se evaluaron los siguientes indicadores fisiológicos: contenido de adenosina trifosfato (ATP), glucógeno y carbohidratos totales, así como índice de rendimiento muscular (IRM) y carga energética adenilada (CEA), los cuales se determinaron en el músculo abductor de organismos extraídos directamente de la laguna y después de la aplicación de los tratamientos. Se encontró que, en el experimento, las concentraciones de ATP, contenido de glucógeno, carbohidratos totales, e IRM disminuyeron significantemente (P<0.05) después de la aplicación de los tratamientos. No se encontró un efecto del nivel de temperatura y la forma de aplicación (oscilante y constante) en el IRM y CEA, sin embargo, en el contenido de glucógeno se obtuvo un afecto significativo solo del nivel de temperatura, siendo los organismos sometidos a 28°C diferentes (P<0.05) a los de 24 y 21°C. Por lo tanto, se concluyó, que solo el nivel de temperatura de aclimatación afectó la condición fisiológica de la almeja mano de león, siendo los organismos aclimatados a 28°C los más afectados.ABSTRACTThe present research work determined the effect of the stable and oscillating seawater temperature at three different levels (21, 24 and 28°C), on the physiological condition of the lion’s paw scallop Nodipecten subnodosus. For this, we evaluated the following physiological indicators: adenosine triphosphate content (ATP), glycogen and total carbohydrates, as well as muscle yield index (MYI) and adenylated energy charge, which were determined in the abductor muscle of organisms, extracted directly from the lagoon and after the treatments application. It was found that in the experiment, concentrations of ATP, glycogen content, total carbohydrates, and MYI decreased significantly (P<0.05) after the application of treatments. No effect of temperature level and application form (oscillating and constant) on MYI and CEA was found, however, glycogen content showed a significant affect only from the temperature level, being organisms exposed to 28°C statistically different from those of 24 and 21°C. In conclusion, only the acclimatization temperature level affected the physiological condition of the lion’s paw scallop, being the organisms acclimatized to 28°C the most affected.
Assessment of antioxidant enzymes in leaves and roots of Phaseolus vulgaris plants under cadmium stress//Evaluación de enzimas antioxidantes en hojas y raíces de plantas Phaseolus vulgaris bajo estrés de cadmio
Authors: Gutiérrez-Martínez Paulina Beatriz , Torres-Morán Martha Isabel , Romero-Puertas María C. , Casas-Solís Josefina , Zarazúa-Villaseñor Patricia , Sandoval-Pinto Elena , Ramírez-Hernández Blanca Catalina
Published: April 2020

The aim of this work was to evaluate the response of Phaseolus vulgaris plants to oxidative stress by cadmium in leaves and roots at different concentrations (0 (control), 0.25, 0.50 and 1 μM). We assessed oxidative stress by the contents of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA), as well as protein content. Likewise, we determined the antioxidant enzymatic activity of the superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and guaiacol peroxidase (GPX) enzymes. The results demonstrated a decrease in protein content of roots and leaves, starting with the addition of 0.25 μM Cd, but the MDA content and H2O2 levels increased with the addition of 0.25, 0.50 and 1 μM Cd, this due to the formation of reactive oxygen species. The SOD, APX and GPX enzymatic activity increased in roots treated with 0.25 μM Cd, but these enzymes decreased to higher concentrations (0.50 and 1 μM). On the other hand, the activity of CAT increased in leaves exposed to 0.5 and 1 μM of Cd. These results indicate that these antioxidant enzymes can act simultaneously in the elimination of reactive oxygen species.RESUMENEl objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar la respuesta de plantas de Phaseolus vulgaris al estrés oxidativo causado por el cadmio en hojas y raíces en diferentes concentraciones, las cuales fueron 0 (control), 0,25, 0,50 y 1 μM de cadmio. El estrés oxidativo se evaluó mediante el contenido de peróxido de hidrógeno (H2O2) y malondialdehído (MDA), así como el contenido de proteína. Asimismo, se determinó la actividad enzimática antioxidante de las enzimas superóxido dismutasa (SOD), catalasa (CAT), ascorbato peroxidasa (APX) y guaiacol peroxidasa (GPX). Los resultados demostraron una disminución en el contenido de proteínas de las raíces y hojas a partir de la concentración 0.25 μM de Cd, pero el contenido de MDA y los niveles de H2O2 aumentaron con la adición de 0.25, 0.50 y 1 μM de Cd, esto debido a la formación de especies reactivas de oxígeno. La actividad enzimática de SOD, APX y GPX aumentaron en las raíces tratadas con 0.25 μM de Cd, pero estas enzimas disminuyeron a concentraciones más altas (0.50 y 1 μM). Por otro lado, la actividad de CAT aumentó en las hojas expuestas a 0.5 y 1 μM de Cd. Estos resultados indican que estas enzimas antioxidantes pueden actuar simultáneamente contra la eliminación de las especies reactivas de oxígeno.
Benchmarking between item based collaborative filtering algorithm and genomic best linear unbiased prediction (GBLUP) model in terms of prediction accuracy for wheat and maize//Estudio comparativo en términos de capacidad predictiva para datos de trigo y maíz entre el algoritmo de filtrado colaborativo y el modelo genómico mejor predictor lineal insesgado (GBLUP)
Authors: Montesinos-López Osval A. , Franco-Pérez Emeterio , Luna-Vázquez Francisco J. , Salinas-Ruiz Josafat , Sandoval-Carrillo Sara , Valenzo Jiménez Marco Alberto , Cuervas Jaime , Santana-Mancilla Pedro C.
Published: April 2020

Aim/background: in view of the growing demand for food, new methodologies are needed to improve the genomic selection (GS) methodology to obtain more productive plant varieties and there is empirical evidence that GS it is revolutionizing plant breeding for food production around the world. Methods: since the prediction models play a key role in GS, for this reason Montesinos-López et al. (2018) proposed the item based collaborative filtering (IBCF) algorithm for Genomic prediction. For this reason, in this paper we compare the IBCF algorithm with the most popular genomic prediction model called the Genomic Best Linear Unbiased Prediction (GBLUP). Results: We found that the GBLUP is superior than the IBCF model, but the IBCF is competitive to the GBLUP model since produced very similar predictions, but with the large advantage that it is extremely efficient in terms of time for implementation. Conclusions: we found that the GBLUP is better than the IBCF algorithm but the IBCF is more than 400 times more efficient than the GBLUP model in terms of time for implementation. Limitations: The main limitation of the study is that it was performed in univariate terms and it is possible that the IBCF will perform better with multivariate data.RESUMENObjetivo / antecedentes: en vista de la creciente demanda de alimentos, se necesitan nuevas metodologías para mejorar la selección genómica (GS) para obtener variedades de plantas más productivas y en menor tiempo y existe evidencia que la SG está revolucionando el mejoramiento de plantas que ayudará a incrementar la producción de alimentos a nivel mundial. Métodos: dado que los modelos de predicción juegan un papel clave en GS, Montesinos-López et al. (2018) propusieron el algoritmo de filtrado colaborativo (IBCF) para la predicción genómica. Por esta razón, en este artículo comparamos el algoritmo IBCF con el modelo de predicción genómica más popular denominado mejor predictor lineal insesgado Bayesiano (GBLUP). Resultados: Encontramos que el GBLUP es superior en capacidad predictiva al modelo IBCF, pero el IBCF es competitivo con el modelo GBLUP ya que produjo predicciones muy similares, pero con la ventaja de que es eficiente en términos de tiempo de implementación. Conclusiones: encontramos que el GBLUP es mejor que el algoritmo IBCF, pero el IBCF es 400 veces más eficiente que el modelo GBLUP en términos de tiempo de implementación. Limitaciones: la principal limitación del estudio es que se realizó en términos univariados y es posible que el IBCF se desempeñe mejor con datos multivariados.
Evaluación de los efectos sinérgicos de cromo y plomo durante el proceso de fitorremediación con berro (Nasturtium officinale) en un humedal artificial//Evaluation of the synergistic effects of chromium and lead during the process of phytoremediation with watercress (Nasturtium officinale) in an artificial wetland
Authors: Márquez-Reyes Julia Mariana , Valdés-González Arcadio , García-Gómez Celestino , Rodríguez-Fuentes Humberto , Gamboa- Delgado Julián , Luna-Olvera Hugo Luna-Olvera
Published: April 2020

La contaminación por metales pesados ha aumentado con los años debido a sus diferentes aplicaciones. Se han evaluado distintas especies vegetales para bioacumular metales pesados, el berro es una especie con capacidad de fitorremediación. Sin embargo, falta información sobre la sinergia que ocurre cuando dos metales en el medio están presentes y condicionan su acumulación en las plantas. El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar el efecto sinérgico en la acumulación simultánea de Pb y Cr (VI) en berro. Se utilizó un sistema cerrado y un humedal artificial para evaluar el comportamiento de los metales en presencia de berro, cuantificando al final de cada experimento la concentración acumulada en tallos, hoja y raíz. La mayor concentración de ambos metales fue en raíz (Pb > Cr). Al incrementarse la presencia de Cr (VI) en solución, la planta absorbe más metal, y en combinación con Pb el índice de tolerancia se aumenta y el factor de translocación disminuye. Dentro del humedal construido el porcentaje de remoción de Pb y Cr total fue del >99.9% (100 mg L-1) y 95% (28.5 mg L-1), respectivamente. Los resultados obtenidos indican que existen interacciones ambientales, físicas y químicas que determinan la capacidad de bioacumulación en el berro, de los metales evaluados.ABSTRACTHeavy metal pollution has increased over the years due to its different applications. Different plant species have been evaluated to bioaccumulate heavy metals; watercress is a species with phytoremediation capacity. However, there is little information on the synergy that occurs when two metals in the medium are present and condition their accumulation in plants. The objective of this research was to evaluate the synergistic effect on the simultaneous accumulation of Pb and Cr (VI) in watercress. We used a batch system and an artificial wetland to evaluate the behavior of metals in the presence of watercress, quantifying at the end of each experiment the cumulative concentration in stems, leaf, and root. The highest concentration of both metals occurred in the root section (Pb> Cr). As the presence of Cr (VI) in solution increases, the plant absorbs more metal, and combination with Pb the tolerance index is increased and the translocation factor decreases. Within the constructed wetland the percentage of total Pb and Cr removal was >99.9 % (100 mg L-1) and 95% (28.5 mg L-1) respectively. The results show the presence of effects of environmental, physical and chemical interactions that determine the capacity of bioaccumulation of the metals evaluated in watercress.
Evaluating the Anxiety Levels of Parents of Children Underwenting Hypospadias Surgery
Authors: ERDEM Ali Onur , DOĞAN Bilge , MEMİŞ Çağdaş Öykü , SEVİNÇOK Levent , YAZICI Mesut , KARACA ÖZKISACIK Sezen
Published: April 2020

Aim: Hypospadias is an anomaly in which urethral meatus is located more proximally. Its treatment is surgery. Children undergoing hypospadias surgery are much more prone to emotional disorders than the other surgical procedures. In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the emotional and temperament characteristics of the parents of children undergoing hypospadias surgery and normally circumcised.Material and Methods: All voluntary parents of children with hypospadias surgery and of children with normal circumcision were included in this study. A semi-structured sociodemographic data form, The Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego Autoquestionnaire (TEMPS-A), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) I-II, and Beck Depression Scale (BDS) were used to collect data from these parents.Results: There was no significant difference between the parents in terms of sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. When the parents of children with hypospadias and normal circumcision were compared in terms of TEMPS-A temperament scale scores, STAI total and I-II subscale scores, and BDS scores, no statistically significant difference was found.Conclusion: Hypospadias is a complex biological development defect. In men who underwent hypospadias surgery, sexual dysfunctions that develop in further period usually develop on psychological grounds. Parents' anxiety levels should be taken into consideration and everyone should act together in management process of hypospadias, operation of which is planned in early period and may have many effects in the future. We think that the study we have done with parents in this area may guide to other studies.
Gynecomastia Treatment with Liposuction: Clinical Experience
Authors: GÖKKAYA Ali , GÖRGÜ Metin , ACUNER Burçin
Published: April 2020

Aim: Gynecomastia is the visible enlargement of the male breast tissue either due to physiologic, pathologic or drug-related causes. Physiological and pathological gynecomastia occurs because of the derangement of the estrogen and androgen metabolism. Drug-related gynecomastia is seen when using drugs affecting this hormone metabolism as well as a side effect of different drugs. Successful treatment of gynecomastia was reported with medical treatment and cessation of the possible causative drugs especially in early period, and with direct excision, endoscopic subcutaneous mastectomy and excision with liposuction treatments in the late period.Material and Methods: In this study, we reported our results of gynecomastia treatment with suction assisted wet liposuction in 3 different planes using 3 different thickness cannulas in Grade I, II and III patients. Forty five patients were operated between 2009 and 2019 using this technique in our clinique. All patients were followed for up to a minimum of 6 months to observe the complication rate and the final aesthetic result.Results: Within the 45 patients evaluated in this study, the complication rate was 6.7%, the success rate of the operation was 93.3% and the patient satisfaction was 91.1%. Gynecomastia treatment in general -especially liposuction- was reviewed and our results were evaluated based on the literature results.Conclusion: There are many different options for gynecomastia treatment. In this study, we concluded that in Grade I, II, and III patients good results can be achieved and patient satisfaction is high in gynecomastia treatment with wet liposuction.
Evaluation and Management of Severe Childhood Anemia: A Single Center Experience
Authors: ÇAKMAK Hatice Mine , SUNGUR Mehmet Ali , KOCABAY Kenan
Published: April 2020

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of iron deficiency anemia in patients with severe anemia, and to investigate and compare the difference in the hematological parameters between patients with and without iron deficiency anemia.Material and Methods: A total of 119 patients diagnosed with severe anemia between January 2012 and July 2014 were retrospectively analyzed in this study. Demographic and clinical characteristics of severe anemia patients were evaluated. Patients were evaluated in terms of iron deficiency anemia, and clinical characteristic and laboratory findings of the patients with and without iron deficiency anemia were compared.Results: Of the 119 cases 49 (41.2%) were male and 70 (58.8%) were female, mean age was 6.7±6.2 years. Various comorbidities were present in the patients. In all patients, the group with a hemoglobin value below 6 g/dL had a significantly lower platelet count than those equal to or above 6 g/dL (p=0.037). It was found that 52 (43.7%) of all cases had iron deficiency anemia and 27 (51.9%) of them were aged 5 to 18 years. Patients with iron deficiency anemia had lower ferritin level (p<0.001) than patients without iron deficiency anemia, while platelet count was higher in patients with iron deficiency anemia (p=0.001).Conclusion: In patients with severe anemia, a significant decrease in platelet count was found with hemoglobin value below 6 g/dL. In order to reduce the need for red blood cells transfusion, early diagnosis of iron deficiency anemia is important and iron supplementation should be given earlier.
Evaluation of Cognitive Functions in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome
Authors: HAMAMCI Mehmet , İNTEPE Yavuz Selim , ÇİFTÇİ Bülent
Published: April 2020

Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS) in terms of various cognitive functions and determine the relationship between cognitive functions with anxiety and depression levels.Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted between June 15, 2019 and December 15, 2019 and included 34 OSAS patients and 28 healthy volunteers between the ages of 18-65 with at least primary education. All participants underwent overnight recording of polysomnography. Patients were evaluated using sociodemographic data form, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and the Stroop Color and Word Test (SCWT).Results: There was no significant difference between the OSAS and control group in terms of age and gender. OSAS patients had significantly higher depression and anxiety scores compared to the control group. OSAS patients showed poor performance in naming, attention, abstract thinking, and delayed recalling compared to the control group. OSAS patients completed Stroop tests 1, 3, and 5 in a longer amount of time than the control group. Cognitive functions were found to have a significant negative correlation with apnea hypopnea index, BDI, and BAI scores.Conclusion: OSAS was found to have a different effect on each subcomponents of cognitive function. Furthermore, it was determined that many negative factors caused by OSAS may play a role in cognitive involvement in OSAS. Further studies are warranted to shed light on the ethiopathogenesis of this subject.
Bir Şerif Mardin ve Mübeccel Kıray Okuması: Yakın Tarihimizde Toplumsal Değişmeler ve Modernleşme Periyotları
Authors: ÖZKURT Cem
Published: April 2020

Bu çalışma, Şerif Mardin ve Mübeccel Kıray’ın sosyolojik analizlerinin kesişen ve ayrışan noktalarını, toplumsal değişme parametresi, sosyal gruplar ve toplumsal güç odakları arasındaki temel gerilimler ve sosyal yapının bağlantısallığı sorunsalları çerçevesinde tartışmayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu tartışmada, sosyologların, temas edilen kuramsal yaklaşımları ve özgün kavramsal çerçeveleri, Türk toplumunun son iki asır içerisinde geçirdiği yapısal değişim ve dönüşümleri sosyolojik boyutlarıyla izlemeye ve analiz etmeye olanak vermektedir. İki sosyoloğun yaklaşımları, toplumsal dinamiklerin hareket ediş süreçlerini ve değişimlerin aşamalı içeriklerini göstermesi bakımından dikkate değerdir. Makro ve yapısal düzeyli dönüşümler tarihsel sosyolojik perspektiflerle analiz edilirken; toplumsal dinamikleri harekete geçiren gerilimler gösterilmekte ve yakın tarihimizdeki değişimlerin boyutları gündelik yaşantı ve ritimler açısından tahlil edilmektedir. İki sosyal bilimcinin modernleşme ve çağdaşlaşma periyotlarını analiz ederken kullandıkları kavramsal ve kuramsal çerçeve geniş kapsamlı bir biçimde farklılaşmaktadır. Buna göre Şerif Mardin, çağdaşlaşma sürecimizi makro bir değişken olarak siyaset kurumundaki ve bürokrasideki modenleşmeye ve bu modernleşmenin toplumun simgeler, semboller ve değerler alanındaki radikal dönüşümüne bağlarken; Mübeccel Kıray, üretim süreçlerindeki dinamiklere ve ekonomi değişkenine referansla açıklama yapmaktadır. Böylece modernleşme sürecimizin yapı düzeyindeki belirleyenleri farklılaşmakta ve değişik bağlamlara göndermelerle analiz edilmektedir. Çalışma, literatüre katkı açısından ise çoğu zaman salt tarihsel içerik ve aşamalarıyla analiz edilen Türk modernleşmesinin hem tarihsel hem de sosyolojik boyutlarıyla nasıl analiz edilebileceğini göstermektedir.
Rehber Öğretmenlerin Üstün Yetenekli Öğrencilere Sunulan Psikolojik Danışma ve Rehberlik Hizmetleri ile İlgili Görüşleri
Authors: ALTUN Fatma , YAZICI Hikmet
Published: April 2020

Bu çalışmada üstün yetenekli öğrencilerin eğitim gördükleri okul ve Bilim Sanat Merkezlerinde (BİLSEM) görev yapmakta olan rehber öğretmenlerin, üstün yetenekli öğrencilere dönük psikolojik danışma ve Rehberlik (PDR) hizmetleri ile ilgili görüşlerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Durum çalışması olarak tasarlanan bu araştırmada, yarı yapılandırılmış mülakat tekniği kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın katılımcılarının belirlenmesinde, amaçlı örnekleme yönteminden yararlanılmıştır. Buna göre araştırma grubunda farklı kurum türlerinde çalışan 8 rehber öğretmen (K=6, E=2) yer almaktadır. Mülakatlarla elde edilen veriler, betimsel analiz yöntemi ile analiz edilmiştir. Bu süreçte veriler, araştırma sorularının ortaya koyduğu temalara göre düzenlenmiştir. Araştırma soruları çerçevesinde görüşmelerden elde edilen veriler tanımlanmış ve gerekli yerlerde doğrudan alıntılarla desteklenmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda ortaya çıkan temalardan bazıları; “Rehber Öğretmenlerin Üstün Yeteneklilerle ilgili Eğitim Geçmişleri”, “Üstün Yetenekli Öğrencilerin PDR İhtiyaçları”, “Üstün Yetenekli Öğrencilerin PDR İhtiyaçlarına Dönük Yapılan Çalışmalar”, “Okul/ BİLSEM Rehberlik Programının Üstün Yetenekli Öğrencilerin İhtiyaçlarını Karşılama Durumu”, “Rehber Öğretmenlerin Üstün Yetenekliler için Kullandıkları Yöntemlerden Başarılı veya Başarısız/ Kullanışsız Buldukları Aktivite ve Roller”, “Üstün Yeteneklilerle Çalışan Rehber Öğretmenlerin Eğitimlerine ve Hazırlıklarına İlişkin Görüşler”, “Üstün Yetenekliler Programının ve Okuldaki Uygulamaların Üstün Yetenekli Öğrencilerin Eğitim ve Kariyer Olanaklarına Özel Olarak Hitap Etme Durumu”, “Bölgedeki Üstün Yetenekli Öğrencilerin Eğitimiyle ilgili En Önemli Konu/ Sorunlara İlişkin Rehber Öğretmenlerin Görüşleri”, ve “Üstün Yetenekli Öğrencilere Özgü Bir Rehberlik Programının Geliştirilmesine Dönük Öneriler” başlıkları altında toplanmış ve sonuçlar tartışılmıştır.
Bir Ekodistopya Olarak Tahsin Yücel’in Gökdelen Romanı
Authors: YALÇIN Fatih
Published: April 2020

Ütopya çağının realitesinden ilham alınarak oluşturulmuş bir insanî/dünyevî cennet; benzer bir şekilde kendi dünya cennetini inşa etme sürecinde yaşadığı hayal kırıklıklarının bir sonucu olarak oluşmuş karamsar havada hayat bulan distopya/karşı ütopya da bir cehennem tasavvuru olarak düşünülebilir. Ütopya, kilisenin tahakkümünde kurtulup aklı hayatın merkezine koyan ve yaşamaktan coşkun bir haz duyan Rönesans adamının yalnız gelecekte ve öte dünyada değil şimdi ve bu dünyada mutlu olma arzusunun bir sonucudur. Doğal olarak akıl ve insan merkezli dünya tasarımın bir sonucudur. Distopya ise ütopyaya kaynaklık eden hayat felsefesinin çöküşü ve hayal kırıklığından beslenir. Tahsin Yücel’in “Gökdelen” adlı eseri distopik özellikleri bulunan bir romandır. Bu romanda distopyanın en belirgin özellikleri uzamda ortaya çıkar. Bu distopik İstanbul gökdelenlerle doludur. Bir anlamda bu uzam, kapitalizmin varacağı son noktayı görünür kılma kaygısının bir yansımasıdır. Gökdelenler geleneksel yatay ilişkilerin yerini dikey/hiyerarşik ilişkilere bıraktığının somut bir göstergesidir. Romanlarında betimlemelere, uzamla ilgili ayrıntılara pek girmeyen Tahsin Yücel, Gökdelen romanında uzamı öne çıkaran bir üslup benimser. Bu romanın bir başka öne çıkan tarafı da yazarın, insanın çevreyle olan ilişkisini, insan odaklı dünya tasarımının nihai sonuçlarına dikkat çekme çabasıdır. Çalışmanın başlığından da anlaşılabileceği gibi biz bu çalışmada ekoeleştirel bir yaklaşımla romanda insan ve çevre ilişkisine odaklanacak, distopik gelecek tasavvurlarının ekolojik kaygılarla kesiştiği alana dikkat çekmeye çalışacağız.
Ekonomide Kurumsallaşmaya Örnek Olarak Safevi Devlet Teşkilatında Baş Zarrablık ve Muayyerlik
Authors: YANAR Şenay
Published: April 2020

İran coğrafyası, tarih boyunca medeniyetlerin doğuş noktası olarak kabul edilen Mezopotamya ile teması ve sık kullanılan yolların üzerinde bulunması nedeniyle canlı bir ekonomik merkez olagelmiştir. Savaş unsuru, yeryüzündeki eş zamanlı farklı toplumların birbirini tanımasında son derece etkili olurken farklı kültürlerin maddi ögelerinin taraflarca taklit edilmesi ya da ne amaçla yapıldığının öğrenilmesiyle birlikte insanlığın temel faaliyetlerinden olan ticaret de kültürlerarası alışverişin bir sonucu olarak vazgeçilemez hâle gelmişti. İlkel takas usulü, ticaretin ihtiyaca söz konusu olan emtiayı talep eden ve arz eden arasında bir aracı olarak zamanla bir geçim kaynağına dönüşmesi sonucunda eskiçağlardan itibaren yerini alternatif olarak paraya bıraktı. Bu yeni değişim aracı sahip olduğu değerle her yerde bir şekilde işe yaraması, bir son kullanma tarihinin olmaması avantajıyla giderek yaygınlaştı ve vazgeçilmez hâle geldi. Nakit dolaşımının sağlanması ve devlet giderlerinin karşılanması için her ülkede ihtiyaç olan madenin sağlanması bilhassa büyük ticari merkezlerde ve liman şehirlerinde hazır sıcak nakit kaynağı olarak darphanelerin ve darphanedeki işlemleri gerçekleştiren tecrübeli elemanların oluşumuna zemin hazırladı. Bu makalede tarihî süreçte İran’daki darphanelerin işleyişinden yola çıkılarak Safeviler Döneminde zarrablık ya da zarrabibaşılık adı verilen darphane müdürlüğü görevinin kapsamı, yetki sınırı ve yetki aşımı durumunda cezai uygulamalar çerçevesinde dönemin ana kaynakları ışığında örneklerle ele alınacaktır.
Unutulanları Hatırlamak için Yapılan Fuar: 1863 Sergi-i Umûmî-i Osmanî [Osmanlı Genel Sergisi]
Authors: MEMİŞ Şefik
Published: April 2020

Osmanlı’nın modern anlamda ilk fuar katılımı 1851 Londra Dünya Fuarı’na olurken, düzenlediği ilk ulusal fuar da, 1863 yılında Sultanahmet Meydanında açılan Sergi-i Umûmî-i Osmanî ya da Osmanlı Genel Sergisi idi. Bu sergi, Osmanlı sanayileşme hamlesi için Islah-ı Sanayi Komisyonunun belirlediği yol haritasının şartlarından biri olan fuar açılmasının teşvik edilmesi ilkesinin bir sonucuydu. Aynı zamanda Avrupa ülkelerindeki gelişmeleri yakından takip eden padişah ile Osmanlı bürokrasinin çağını yakalama arzusunun tezahürüydü. 1863 Sergisi her bakımdan ilklere ev sahipliği yapacaktı. İlk kez bir sergi binası inşa edildi. İlk kez özel sektörün ve padişahın sağladığı maddi imkanla fuarın finansmanı yapıldı. İlk kez bir sergi tüzüğü hazırlanarak, herkesin buna uyması sağlandı. Ama hepsinden önemlisi, ilk kez Osmanlı’ya has bir sergi iç dizaynı, yani fuar tasarımı yapıldı. İç düzenlemeler ile teşhir dolapları tasarlandı, imal edildi ve ücretle üreticilere kiraya verildi. Çevre düzenlemesi yapıldı. Ziyaretçilerin kontrol edilip sayılabilmesi için ilk kez turnike sistemi kullanıldı. Fuar alanındaki bu ilklerin yanı sıra ekonomide yol açtığı etkiler de ilkler oluşturdu. İlk kez Osmanlı İmparatorluğunun bütün vilayetlerinden, yani günümüzde 40’tan fazla devletin yer aldığı coğrafyadan toplanan 15 bin çeşitten fazla ürün İstanbul’a getirilerek bir envanter çıkarıldı. Tarımsal üretimin yanı sıra sanayi üretimi için de ciddi bir politika oluşturulmasına zemin hazırlandı. Açılışını Sultan Abdülaziz’in yaptığı 1863 Sergisi ürünlerinden tasarımına kadar Türkiye’nin köklü fuarcılık birikimini ortaya koyuyor. Ama en önemlisi de Türkiye’nin uzun süredir kaybettiği üretme kabiliyetini yeniden kazandırmak gibi iddialı bir vazifeye sahipti.
Studi Etnografi Tentang Perencanaan Keuangan pada Kelompok Sosial Masyarakat Muslim Kota Batu
Authors: S Basir , Rozi Choirul
Published: April 2020

One of the financial successes can be achieved through family financial planning. The purpose of this study is to see how the views of the priyayi Muslim community groups on property. The results of the study show that the views of the household on the priyayi Muslim family in the city of Batu concerning the property are something that is entrusted by Allah SWT. The process of earning an income is that he will strive to make a halal income in terms of the essence, the way to obtain it, and the aspects of His utilization how to determine the priority scale of needs, which is based on the principle of demand and establish themselves from the concept of tabzir or spree on various kinds of needs that they need during their lives. The way to do financial planning is based on a budget management system that applies the concept of Falah in every financial allocation, which is not only focused on the world but also based on the hereafter as well
Analysis of Strategic Study of Women's Economic Empowerment Program
Authors: Yuliana Indah
Published: April 2020

Research objectives; (a) Identify the context of program empowerment undertaken, (b) Conduct an analysis of program approaches and interventions, and (c) Conduct an achievement analysis. In this study, the approach used is a case study approach as part of qualitative research. This research took place in several villages in Blitar that received the Poverty Feminization program. Sampling in this study using the snowball sampling method. Data collection techniques used in this study were interviews and observation. Data analysis is done by organizing the data, breaking it down into units, synthesizing it, arranging it into patterns, choosing what is essential and which is not essential and what will be learned, and making conclusions. The results showed (1) The context of the empowerment of this program was the head of the women's household, (2) The stages in the implementation of women's economic empowerment were carried out from the upstream to downstream sectors including the preparation phase, the assessment stage, the realization of aid, the implementation of monitoring, and the intervention of the Jalin Matra program implementation. (3) Achievement, economic empowerment carried out through poverty feminization prevention programs in general, provide positive values for the lives of the target KRTP.