bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sosyal Kırılganlık İndeksinin CBS ile Haritalanması: İzmir İli Örneklemi
Authors: ORTAKAVAK Zeynep
Published: June 2019

Günümüzde,
doğal afetler veya beşerî etkilerle üretilmiş mekânsal riskler, hızla artan
dünya nüfusunu daha da fazla tehdit eder olmuştur. Çarpık kentleşme, plansız
yapılaşma ve insanlığın, yeryüzünü bilinçsizce kullanımı, afet durumlarındaki
kayıpların artmasına yol açmaktadır. Bu durum, risk öncesi ve sonrası planlama
ve yönetim aşamalarında, daha etkili kararlar alınması gerekliliğini ortaya
çıkarmıştır. Afet yönetiminde, yalnızca fiziki etkenler değil, toplumun
sosyoekonomik ve demografik yapısı da göz önünde bulundurulmalıdır. Bu
bağlamda, “sosyal kırılganlık” kavramı öne çıkmaktadır. Aynı kategori
içerisindeki, diğer insanlara karşı dezavantaja sahip grup olarak
tanımlanabilen kırılgan grupların tespiti, risk anı, öncesi ve sonrası
açısından büyük önem arz etmektedir. Tehlikelerden korunma ve yeniden yapılanma
aşamalarında, risklere karşı toplumdaki birey ve grupların savunmasızlığını
ölçen kırılganlık kavramı, mekânsal verilerle entegre edildiğinde daha başarılı
sonuçlar elde edilebilmektedir. Zira, toplumu mekân ve sosyo-politik
değişkenlerden ayrı değerlendirmek eksik bir yaklaşım olacaktır. Bu noktada,
mekânsal problemlere karşı güçlü karar destek sistemlerine sahip olan Coğrafi
Bilgi Sistemleri (CBS), kırılganlık analizlerinde aranılan araçlardan olmuştur.
Sosyal kırılganlık değerlerinin spesifik bir alanda incelendiği bu çalışmada,
İzmir iline ait sosyal kırılganlık indeksi (SoVI) hesaplanıp, CBS yöntemleriyle
haritalandırılmıştır. Böylelikle, risk durumlarında öncelikli bölgelerin
tespiti ve bu bölgelerdeki sosyal grupların niteliksel ihtiyaçlarına yönelik
değerlendirme yapılması mümkün hale getirilmiştir.
Rapid isolation of rosmarinic acid from Ocimum basilicum using flash chromatography
Authors: AKŞİT Hüseyin , KEÇECİ Mehmet , DEMİRTAŞ İbrahim , GENÇ Nusret
Published: June 2019

In this study; it was aimed at
the isolation of rosmarinic acid (RosA) from Ocimum basilicum (OB) with
a selective extraction and rapid isolation technique using flash chromatography
(FC). For this purpose, dried leaves of OB were extracted with n-hexane,
dichloromethane, and methanol, respectively. The methanol extract (ME) was
extracted with dichloromethane and ethyl acetate using separation funnel by
suspending with water. The ethyl acetate layer was dried with anhydrous Na2SO4
and the solvent was evaporated to give a rosmarinic acid-rich extract. Then the
ethyl acetate extract (EAE) was separated over silica gel column using FC, and
thus RosA was isolated with high purity.
Radiodermatites: Análise dos Fatores Preditivos em Pacientes com Câncer de Mama
Authors: Costa Cássia Cardoso , Lyra Jorge Soares , Nakamura Ricardo Akiyoshi , Sousa Carine Medeiros de
Published: June 2019

Introdução: A radioterapia é uma das modalidades terapêuticas de escolha para os tratamentos adjuvante e neoadjuvante, em pacientes com câncer de mama. Tal modalidade provoca reação de pele dolorosa conhecida como radiodermatite. Objetivo: Avaliar os fatores associados com o aparecimento de radiodermite após radioterapia e a sua associação com o maior grau de toxicidade nesses pacientes. Método: Estudo retrospectivo, com 117 pacientes com de câncer de mama submetidos à radioterapia conformacional 3D, entre 2016 a 2018, em doses variáveis. Dados pessoais foram coletados a partir de prontuário, e o grau de radiodermite estabelecido segundo os critérios do grupo de oncologia radioterápica. O total de 15 potenciais preditivos foram elencados e analisados por estatísticas univariada e multivariada. Resultados: A população do estudo apresentou uma média de 50 anos, 47% relataram alguma comorbidade, 59,83% realizaram cirurgia radical e 81,19% desenvolveram radiodermite. Observou-se, em análise multivariada, associação do desenvolvimento de radiodermite com maiores doses da radiação (p=0,011) e com uso de bólus diário (p=0,009). Conclusão: As principais variáveis que culminaram em maiores graus de radiodermite foram a dose da radiação e o uso de bólus diário. Categorizando os fatores preditivos, identifica-se o paciente com maior risco de lesões graves e a possibilidade da criação de protocolos mais eficazes na prevenção das radiodermatites.
Pengaruh Karakter Pengelola Keuangan Unit di Program Pendidikan Kompetensi Umum Berdasarkan Pumping HR Model Bagi Kinerja Institusi
Authors: Taryani Heni
Published: June 2019

This paper was made with the aim that the results of the HR-Test Pumping Personality Report that has been carried out can be a reference for character development so that the Unit Financial Manager can begin to improve themselves from the negative results found and continue to increase their potential from the positive results. The positive performance improvement is expected to continue to be carried out so that productivity can run well. Pumping Model-based HR training is a training in human capital which is included in the category of intangible assets. This training is based on personal development, competence, and values of human spirituality. Unit Finance Managers who add insight and skills through various types of training, it is almost certain that it will become human capital, which in the end will increase institutional performance because it has a reliable, skilled and trained Unit Financial Manager.
Pengembangan Job Analysis untuk Pelayanan Pasien BPJS di Rumah Sakit Hermina Mekarsari
Authors: Udyanto Hari Mukti
Published: June 2019

The purpose of this paper is to find out the benefits of job analysis in the development of the BPJS patients services in Hospital Hermina Mekarsari. The development oj job analysis is based upon the need to play a role in providing services for the participants of the BPJS. Job analysis based on the needs of those types of job, types of office and character of individuals who perform the task. These results provide broad implication for developing organizational design, compose and projecting future. Labor productivity is increasing due to the creation of the situation and working conditions that are conducive.
Fund Age, BI Rate, Exchange Rate, Dan Jakarta Islamic Index Pada Net Asset Value Di Islamic Equity Mutual Fund Indonesia
Authors: Darmawan Darmawan
Published: June 2019

Net Asset Value (NAV) of islamic equity mutual fund is a benchmark to determine the development of islamic equity mutual fund. There are many factors that is influence NAV of Islamic equity mutual fund such as macroeconomic factors as well as internal variables of the mutual fund. The purpose of this study are to find out the effect of fund age, BI rate, exchange rate, and Jakarta Islamic Index (JII) on NAV of Islamic equity of mutual fund. The method analysis used Panel Data Regression Analysis. The results showed that simultaneously fund age, BI rate, exchange rate, and JII have a effect to NAV of islamic equity mutual fund. Partially, fund age, BI rate, and JII have positif  effect to NAV of islamic equity mutual fund and exchange rate has insignificant statistical effect to NAV of islamic equity mutual fund.
Hubungan Kepuasan Kerja Dengan Kinerja Pegawai Bagian Pembaca Meter Pada PDAM Tirta Kahuripan Kabupaten Bogor
Authors: Herman Herman , Ardhyanie Defieta Triastutie
Published: June 2019

Kepuasan kerja sangat berkaitan dengan kinerja pegawai. Kepuasan kerja pegawai yang dirasakan dapat mempengaruhi kinerja pegawai dalam menyelesaikan pekerjaannya, apabila tingkat kepuasan kerja pegawai rendah maka akan berdampak terhadap menurunnya kinerja pegawai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis hubungan antara kepuasan kerja dengan kinerja pada pegawai pemaca meter PDAM Tirta Kahuripan Kabupaten Bogor. Penelitian mengenai hubungan antara kepuasan kerja dengan kinerja pegawai dilakukan pada PDAM Tirta Kahuripan Kabupaten Bogor, dengan menggunakan data kuantitatif. Populasi didalam penelitian ini adalah pegawai bagian pembaca meter PDAM Tirta Kahuripan Kabupaten Bogor dan jenis penelitian ini menggunakan metode explanatory survey yang menggunakan jenis penelitian verifikatif, metode penarikan sampel menggunakan sensus berjumlah 40 pegawai, kemudian untuk menganalisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan korelasi product moment dari Pearson dengan bantuan SPSS 23. Hasil penelitian menunjukan ada hubungan positif yang sangat signifikan antara kepuasan kerja dengan kinerja pegawai, dimana nilai koefisien korelasi (r) sebesar 0,887 dengan signifikansi 0,000 (p < 0,05), diketahui bahwa variabel kepuasan kerja mempunyai rata-rata empirik sebesar 56,78 dan rata-rata teoritik sebesar 51, sedangkan variabel kinerja pegawai mempunyai nilai rata-rata empirik sebesar 42,83 dan rata-rata teoritik sebesar 39. Sumbangan efektif kepuasan kerja dengan kinerja pegawai dari koefisien determinan R square (R2) sebesar 79%, sehingga terdapat 21% faktor lain yang mempengaruhi kinerja pegawai.
Analisis Butir Variabel Kepercayaan Pada Organisasi Menggunakan Rasch Model
Authors: Hidayat Rais , Patras Yuyun Elizabeth , Harjanto Sutji , Suhardi Eka
Published: June 2019

Organization trust is "lubricant" in the organization. This research aims to obtain instrument items that can be used in the organization trust research, to obtain the items that are difficult to approve and vice versa, and to obtain the perceptions of respondents on each instrument item. This research method uses to test the instrument items. The research was conducted at Private Universities in Bogor, West Java, Indonesia with a sample of 133 lecturers who had a National Lecturer Registration Number (NIDN) and had a functional position. Research findings include: as many as 28 out of 33 items can be used to examine organizations trust, and fair rewards, effective communication and involvement of lecturers in decision making are things that must be corrected at private universities. It is hoped that these findings will be a material for discussion to increase organizational trust.
تشخيص العوامل المؤثرة في التنفيذ الاستراتيجي لمشاريع الصرف الصحي (دراسة حالة في مشاريع المديرية العامة للمجاري)
Authors: الكبيسي صلاح الدين عواد , مهدي اسامة محمود
Published: June 2019

يهدف هذا البحث الى تشخيص العوامل المؤثرة في التنفيذ الاستراتيجي لمشاريع الصرف الصحي والسعي الى تفعيل المتابعة الحقيقية للمشاريع لمعرفة تلك العوامل التي ترافق تنفيذها ، شمل البحث عينة من مشاريع الخطة الاستثمارية المنفذة لصالح المديرية العامة للمجاري في محافظات العراق والتي أنجزت خلال فترة السنوات الست ( 2010-2016) وكانت عينة البحث أربعة مشاريع هي : مشروع  تنفيذ وتجهيز محطة المعالجة ومحطة الرفع والخط الناقل لمشروع مجارى العمارة /المرحلة الثالثة/هور السناف ، مشروع تجهيز وتنفيذ محطة معالجة مع الخط الناقل في العمارة /المرحلة الثانية /البتيرة ، مشروع تنفيذ وتجهيز شبكات مجاري مع محطة رفع / كربلاء المقدسة ومشروع تجهيز وتنفيذ محطة معالجة مع محطات رفع عدد/2 وخط ناقل في واسط / العزيزية ، تم استخدام منهج دراسة الحالة لجمع المعلومات عن هذه المشاريع من خلال قسم التخطيط و المتابعة وقسم التنفيذ في المديرية العامة للمجاري فضلا"عن المقابلات الشخصية للوصول الى النتائج ، وتوصل الباحث الى عدد من النتائج أهمها ان ادارات المشاريع تولي اهتماما" أكبر بعامل الاستراتيجية والهيكل التنظيمي من بين العوامل المؤثرة في التنفيذ الاستراتيجي وبدرجة أقل لعامل القيم المشتركة بين العاملين ، وعدم امتلاك مديرية المجاري العامة لنظام اليكتروني لتفعيل التواصل بين أقسام الدائرة وادارة المشاريع قيد التنفيذ لتسريع عملية اتخاذ القرار وتبادل المعلومات بينهم الأمر الذي أنعكس على قدرتها في المتابعة و الرقابة ، وكما قدم الباحث عدة توصيات ومن أهمها عمل دراسة مستفيضة لأوليات المشروع من قبل اللجان القائمة على التنفيذ بعد احالة العمل مباشرة وقبل المباشرة وكلا حسب اختصاصه .
تأثير انظمة المدفوعات الالكترونية في فاعلية السياسة النقدية
Authors: الخزرجي ثريا عبد الرحيم , معلة زهراء هادي
Published: June 2019

ادت ثورة  تكنولوجيا المعلومات والاتصالات الى بروز انظمة المدفوعات الالكترونية ووسائلها  وان احلال هذه الوسائل الحديثة محل الوسائل التقليدية ( النقود القانونية) المصدرة من قبل البنك المركزي كان لها اثر في اداء السياسة النقدية  ولاسيما  ان السياسة النقدية تعتبر من اهم السياسات المستخدمة لتحقيق الاستقرار الاقتصادي ويهدف البحث الى  معرفة مدى تأثير انظمة المدفوعات الالكترونية على ادوات السياسة النقدية  اذ ان هذه الوسائل  كالبطاقات والنقود الالكترونية  تصدر من قبل المؤسسات الائتمانية والشركات اي ان البنك المركزي غير مسؤول عن اصدارها وان انتشارها بشكل واسع ودون تنظيم من قبل البنك المركزي  سوف يؤدي الى فقدان السياسة النقدية كفاءتها ، اما في العراق على وجه الخصوص فأن النظام المصرفي تأخر في ادخال هذه الوسائل الالكترونية لان المجتمع العراقي يرفض هذه الادوات ويفضل النقود السائلة بسبب ضعف الوعي المصرفي  وان اتشارها  لايزال في بدايته ولم يصل الى الحد الذي يؤدي الى زيادة في  معدلات عرض النقد  بل العكس من ذلك فأن عرض النقد اصبح ينمو بمعدل منخفض  ، واهم ماتوصل اليه البحث هو انتشار انظمة وادوات الدفع الالكتروني بشكل معتدل ومنظم ودون تمادي من قبل المؤسسات الائتمانية المصدرة لهذه الادوات سيزيد من حجم الودائع لدى المصارف العراقية وبالتالي سيزيد حجم الاحتياطي لدى المصارف والذي بدوره  يزيد من حجم القروض الممنوحة للافراد والشركات اي تحريك وتنشيط لعجلة الاقتصاد وتحقيق النمو الاقتصادي.
تحليل العلاقة بين ضغط الانفاق ونافذة العملة واثره على سعر صرف الدينار العراقي
Authors: عبد اللطيف عماد محمد علي , خليل زهراء فارس
Published: June 2019

يعد سعر الصرف العمود الفقري الذي ترتكز عليه اقتصاديات اي دولة من دول العالم سواء كانت متقدمة او نامية حيث تنتهج معظم الدول العديد من السياسات، من اجل ضمان استقرار سعر صرف عملتها ، لما له من اهمية بالغة  باعتباره حلقة ربط بين اقتصاديات دول العالم والاقتصاد المحلي، اذ تاتي مساهمته في تحقيق التوازن الداخلي والخارجي وعلى الرغم من تباين العديد من العوامل التي تؤثر عليه الا ان هناك اجماعا واسعا على فاعلية دور الانفاق ونافذة العملة في سعر صرف الدينار العراقي وخصوصا في الاقتصاد العراقي، اذ ان زيادة الانفاق الحكومي تؤدي الى زيادة عرض النقد وزيادة الطلب المحلي وارتفاع الاسعار وبالتالي ارتفاع التضخم الذي يؤثر سلبا على سعر صرف الدينار العراقي، لذا يتدخل البنك المركزي عن طريق نافذة العملة من اجل تحقيق الاستقرار في سعر صرف العملة المحلية، تبنى البحث خارطة طريق توضح تحليل العلاقة بين الانفاق ونافذة العملة في الاقتصاد العراقي للمدة (004-2016) ومن اجل ارساء خارطة الطريق حاولت الباحثة توضيح العلاقة المذكورة انفاً، ان النتيجة النهائية التي توصلت اليها ان الانفاق الحكومي يؤثر سلبا على قيمة الدينار العراقي نتيجة زيادة عرض النقد وزيادة التضخم الناجم عن زيادة الانفاق العام، بالتالي يتدخل البنك المركزي عبر نافذة العملة من اجل تعقيم المعروض النقدي من خلال امتصاص فائض السيولة النقدية (الدينار العراقي) من خلال ضخ المزيد من العملة الاجنبية وبالتالي المحافظة على قيمة الدينار العراقي سعر صرف العملة المحلية مما اثر بشكل  كبير في انخفاض التضخم.
THE WALL
Authors: Mohammed Hassnaa
Published: June 2019

On January 25, 2011, Egyptian youth protestors took to the squares and streets in all the major cities of Egypt, asking for “bread, freedom, and social justice.” A few days after, when marches across Egypt ballooned, the protesting youth felt empowered to topple the oppressive Mubarak regime that had lasted for close to 30 years. In a collective effort, they gushed into Tahrir Square in downtown Cairo, and the streets in its vicinity, to ensure that their needs were known and to demand that they be met. The subsequent series of events included the first fair election in the modern history of Egypt, followed by the military coup.

Throughout these events, street art and social media became the main two mediums of public expression and news sharing. The walls of the streets surrounding Tahrir Square were very dynamic, changing with every new incident to communicate the tragedies that the state media refused to circulate. One of the walls, a wall on the street leading to Muhammed Mahmoud Street, was particularly interactive.

This poem addresses the resistance of the inspired youth protestors against the government before and after the military coup.
Garden
Authors: Leveille Gelissa
Published: June 2019

“Garden” is a poem centered on the concept of the black body as a source of sustenance for others, where the fruits of the body’s labors are given to those who bene t from its work. This poem compares the extraction of labor from these bodies to the reaping of owers and food from stolen earth. Nations were created by these individuals whose stories have become packaged as one narrative. Without access to these stories, they are being lost to the winds of time. This poem speaks of the feelings of those who were or are oppressed, feelings that many young people may experience, yet be unable to express.
"Heartless, Robotic Apologies": Indigenizing Toronto Education
Authors: Fitzsimmons Frey Leif V.
Published: June 2019

This paper explores the ritual performances of reading the treaty acknowledgement every morning in my school board, in contrast to and in conjunction with the playing of the national anthem. The paper uses a survey I conducted in my middle school, my lived experiences in the school system, and draws on the ideas of Jill Carter, Leanne Betasamosake Simpson, Angela Sweigart-Gallagher, and Chelsea Vowel to inform a critical discussion about these performances and the way they provide an example of the failings and limitations of the school board’s current approach to reconciliation.
This Is a Test
Authors: Lu Catherine
Published: June 2019

This spoken word poem is targeted towards anyone affected by the systematic education that continues all throughout our lives. It brings the truth out, of how this is all a cycle of testers and testing.
This Does Not Add Up
Authors: Attong Stephen
Published: June 2019

In response to Lu’s spoken word “This is a Test,” this photo essay is an attempt to visually express some of the themes that popped in my head when listening to Lu’s work. There were feelings of isolation, helplessness, the idea of being just another cog in the machine, and the fact that it’s a system that does more to halt a child’s learning than to facilitate it.
Creating Home for Students of Color: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Setiawan Owen
Published: June 2019

My name is Owen Setiawan, and I am an Indonesian-American eighth grader. This piece is a reflection on a qualitative research study I worked on with a group of students that investigated how school climates feel for middle, high school, and college students of color in the United States. After analyzing data from interviews and personal reflections from my student team, I then present the specific ways in which and reasons why students of color feel comfortable or uncomfortable in different educational settings. I conclude with recommendations for making educational spaces more welcoming and home-like for diverse populations.
Limba Maternă
Authors: Oniță Adriana
Published: June 2019

This creative arts-based inquiry explores an individual case of Mother Language shift and loss through poems and paintings. Language shift is often defined in the Canadian context as the process whereby “individuals abandon their native language as the principal language spoken at home and adopt another” (Sabourin & Bélanger, 2015, p. 727). But is abandon the right verb? And what about adopt? A abandona inseamnă ca ai avut o alegere de făcut. A adopta also means you had a choice and you consciously made it. What if your limba maternă hid in your body, s-a ascuns, out of fear? And what if it still lives inside of you at the cellular level, in your body’s home, adânc, aşteptând momentul potrivit to resurface? These poems and paintings explore the feelings of home as mother tongue, and the effects on identity of gradually losing a first language.
Imagine
Authors: Lune Lin
Published: June 2019

This piece of prose presents an imagined scenario of a city in ruins and explores the materialistic side of the idea of home. Speaking directly to the reader, this story asks us to consider the role of family within the basic unit of community, in a child’s experience, and of course, in survival. The immigrant experience is considered: is purposefully selling everything parallel to losing everything in a disaster? This story also encourages the reader to think about the what-ifs in light of climate change—the rising chance of your home being hit by an ice storm, hurricane, or another extreme weather event—in the Anthropocene.
Gracias Mujer
Authors: Pariona Tamara Valdivia
Published: June 2019

Throughout my life, my relationship to womanhood has been an ever-changing phenomenon. In reflecting on the instances that have come to define this relationship, I wrote “Gracias Mujer,” an homage to the women who have shaped my womanhood and a simultaneous rejection of all that has burdened me. In light of the gendered dynamics within Latino culture, this piece reflects on my complex relationship with my parents and my desire to find healing from personal experiences. Incorporating themes of womanhood, memory, childhood, and family, “Gracias Mujer” is an acknowledgement of my traumas, a love letter to my mother, and a validation of my desires as a Latina woman within an often-confined space. In this poem, without romanticizing them, I try to honour the sacrifices the women and ancestors in my life have had to make, expressing a gratitude for their contribution to my personhood, but also explicitly stating that the trauma that has resulted stops within me.
Memory in Diaspora
Authors: Coker Mobolu
Published: June 2019

The pieces that follow are my interpretation of the voices of two women (one fictional, one real) of Caribbean descent who, in response to certain traumatic incidents, are forced to confront their understandings of home. I chose to write from the perspective of these particular characters because their experiences mirror some of my own. My parents’ ethnic background (and my birthplace) is Nigeria. I came to Canada the year I turned seven, almost 15 years ago. While I have lived in Canada for most of my life, I still grapple with whether or not I consider it home. For the most part, this uncertainty has been driven by my experiences with various identity-based questions and the discourses that surround them. For example, what it means to be (perceived) Canadian vs. an immigrant, or what it means to be black vs. African (Nigerian). Questions such as “Where are you really from?” always remind me that “foreign” is a presumption that precedes me. Conversely, nativity has been ascribed to the White European population in a way that systematically marginalizes the history and perpetuates the violent erasure of Indigenous communities, a practice that persists to this day. I do not consider Canada my place of origin—a sentiment shared by many Canadians—yet those with a perceived sense of belonging have vastly different experiences from those who do not. I am fortunate enough to have been raised learning about and continuously engaging with my culture, but even that has had its limits. There is a certain tension, what I would call a double-sided alienation, that often comes with being a first-generation immigrant, particularly of a racialized background. For me, that means not feeling either Nigerian or Canadian“enough,” yet being significantly shaped and socialized by both societies. This is a tension I recognized and wanted to highlight in the stories of the two women mentioned above. Moreover, the continuity between my story and (my representation of) their stories is signified by the framework of memory I adopted in the pieces (i.e., “I had forgotten/I remember”), which is from an earlier poem I wrote about my own experience coming to terms with some of the ways my identity changed after moving to Canada.
What is Home? A Collaborative Multimodal Inquiry Project by Transnational Youth in South Philadelphia
Authors: Gultom Frianna , Gultom Faustine , Kosasih Marco , Li Minghui , Lie Jasmine , Lorenzo Christopher , Hidayat Frederick , Rios Odalys Peralta , Perez Erick , Ponce Martin , Setiawan David , Setiawan Owen , Zhinin Boris , Sengbounpheng Patricia , Colson Yvonne , Ward Sina , Thakurta Ankhi , Kannan Chloe , Vazquez Olivia , Narron Larry , Campano H. Gerald
Published: June 2019

This piece reflects the work of a group of middle- and high-school students who are exploring issues of social justice, educational equity, and access in the context of a community- based partnership between the University of Pennsylvania and the St. Thomas Aquinas community in South Philadelphia. The youth, who represent a range of racial, linguistic, and cultural backgrounds, each explored what “home” meant to them through multiple rounds of writing and revision. Then, after reflecting further through art projects and group conversations, they collaboratively assembled these final compositions with their peers.
Front pages (Vol. 2, 2019)
Authors: Editorial Board In:cite Journal , Pramanick Monica
Published: June 2019

Cover, masthead, and table of contents for in:cite journal vol. 2
Retrospective analysis of benign and premalign lesions in the oral cavity
Authors: GUNES Akif , KARALİ Elif , SEBİT Tugberk
Published: June 2019

Background The aim of this study was to retrospectively analyze the patients who were biopsied from the oral cavity and histopathologically diagnosed as benign and premalignant. Methods In this study, we retrospectively examined histopathological diagnosis, sex and age groups of 67 patients who underwent incisional or excisional biopsy of the oral mucosa and diagnosed as benign or premalignant in the otorhinolaryngology clinic of a tertiary hospital between January 2014 and January 2019.Results A total of 67 patients were included in our study, 33 (49.3%) were male and 34 (50.7%) were female. The mean age of the patients was 44.90 ± 19.77 years. According to age distribution, numbers of patients in 10-20, 21-30, 31-40, 41-50- 51-60, 61-70 and 71-80 age groups were 12 (17.9%), 8 (11.9%), 6 (9%), 9 (13%), 16 (23.9%), 10 (14.9%) and 6 (9%), respectively. The most common benign lesions were pyogenic granuloma (10.4%) and radicular cyst (11.4%).Conclusions As a result, biopsies should be performed to exclude malignancy in the oral cavity. In addition, the diagnosis of rare lesions is important in terms of treatment management.
Successful enucleation of radicular cyst after prophylaxis in a hereditary angioedema patient
Authors: AYDOGDU İlkay , BULUT Gokten , ERDEN CAMYAR Asuman , METE GOKMEN Emine Nihal
Published: June 2019

Hereditary angioedema (HAE) due to C1-INH deficiency (C1-INH-HAE) is an autosomal dominant inherited disease characterized by recurrent skin and mucosa swellings that commonly involve the extremities, intestines, face, genital area and upper airways. Dental procedures are important attack triggers in C1-INH-HAE patients. Attacks following dental procedures are commonly localized to the face and larynx. Laryngeal edema can cause death by asphyxiation.A 48-year-old female patient was admitted to our hospital because of the excessive accumulation of calculus on the teeth which was noticed during routine dental examination. At the oral examination calcified dental plaque, bleeding by gingival probing, and discoloration of the teeth #31-32 were detected. By radiographic and clinical findings radicular cyst pre-diagnosis was made, and it was decided to enucleate the cyst.However, the patient’s medical history revealed that she was diagnosed with C1-INH-HAE at the age of 40. To prevent possible facial and laryngeal edema, 1000 units of C1 inhibitor concentration was given 1 hour before the procedure. Under local anesthesia, the lesion was totally enucleated with its capsule. The risk of having attack after tooth extraction is about 37.5% and nearly 1/3 of these attacks are associated with laryngeal edema in patients with C1-INH-HAE. However, prophylaxis with C1 inhibitor concentration led to a 44.1% reduction in angioedema attacks on a per-patient basis. With this case, we wantedto draw attention to the importance of questioning the patient and his/her family for recurrent nonpruritic skin and mucosa swelling and abdominal pain attacks before surgical interventions to the mouth, neck, and throat area.
Prevalence of helminthic infestations among Bangladeshi rural children and its trend since mid-seventies
Authors: Afroz Sadya , Debsarma Smita , Dutta Subarna , Rhaman Mir Masudur , Mohsena Masuda
Published: June 2019

Background and objectives: Helminthic infestation is one of the commonest health problems in a developing country like Bangladesh. The objectives of the current study were to determine the prevalence of helminthic infestations, associated risk factors and its effects among the rural children in Bangladesh. The trend of helminthic infestation rate over time was also analyzed.

Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted among the rural primary school children of Sreepur Upazilla of Gazipur District. The area is located about 40 km north-east of capital Dhaka. A total of 593 students aged 5-13 years were enrolled from 5 primary schools. Out of 593 children, 204 agreed to provide fecal samples. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data by face to face interview method and several anthropometric measurements along with clinical examinations were also carried out. Helminth ova were detected by direct microscopy of fecal smear and floatation concentration methods. Data were analyzed using the software IBM SPSS (Version 20).

Result: Out of 204, 80 (39.2%) children were infested with at least one species of helminth. Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura and mixed infection was 23%, 12.8% and 3.4% respectively. Overall prevalence of infection was higher among female students compared to male students (p<0.05). Living in mud-floor and thatch walled houses were significantly (p<0.05) associated with increased helminthic infestation. The risk behaviors commonly related to helminthic infestation revealed no difference between infected and non- infected groups of children. Height, weight, mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC), skin fold thickness, and waist and hip circumference of worm infested children were not significantly different from those without worm infestation.

Conclusion: The results reflect that the deworming program of Sreepur Upazilla was not fully successful. Poor socio-economic condition and lack of awareness of personal hygiene played an important role in prevalence of parasite infestation.

IMC J Med Sci 2019; 13(1): 004
Safety and feasibility of subarachnoid block in laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Authors: Ullah Mahmud Ekram , Rahman Md Mushfiqur , Talukder Rajibul Haque , Tareq Refat Uddin , Alam Md Noor A
Published: June 2019

Background and objectives: Laparoscopic surgery is normally performed under general anesthesia (GA), but regional techniques like epidural or subarachnoid block (SAB) have been found beneficial in patients having associated major medical problems. In selected cases, it can be a safe alternative to GA. Hence, the present study was conducted to explore the safety and feasibility of SAB in otherwise healthy individuals undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Methods: Forty patients undergoing elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy and fulfilling specific inclusion criteria were included in the study. All patients received a segmental (L2-L3 injection) SAB with 3 ml (0.5%) of bupivacaine and 25 microgram of fentanyl. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy was done by standard 4 port technique. Intra-abdominal pressure was kept low at 9-10 mm Hg using CO2 pneumoperitoneum. Patients were followed up at 30 minutes, 4 hours, at the time of discharge and on day 7 after operation. Any unwanted voluntary or involuntary movement or exaggerated diaphragmatic excursion during the operation was monitored. Operation time, operating room (OR) occupancy time, hospital stay, post-operative pain, analgesic requirement, nausea, vomiting, headache, right shoulder pain, wound-related complications and patient satisfaction were recorded.

Results: SAB was effective for surgery in all 40 patients. Two patients required conversion to general anesthesia for persisting low oxygen saturation. Hypotension was recorded in 23.7% patients while 10.5% experienced right shoulder pain. Average operating time was 37.3 minutes (21 - 77 minutes). Awkward movement and exaggerated respiratory excursion was noted in 23.7% and 18.4% cases respectively. Only two cases had to undergo (conversion to) GA. Mean period of hospital stay was 29.3 hours. No incidence of any major complication occurred.

Conclusion: This study showed that SAB could be used successfully and effectively for laparoscopic cholecystectomy in healthy patients and may be a safe alternative to GA.

IMC J Med Sci 2019; 13(1): 006
Respiratory and other illnesses among the jute-mill workers in an industrial unit of Bangladesh
Authors: Rhaman Mir Masudur , Morshed M Abu Hana Golam , Sayeed M Abu
Published: June 2019

Background and aims: Bangladesh produces 33% of the world’s jute and about 40 million people in Bangladesh are directly or indirectly involved in the jute sector. The jute (organic) dust inhalation causes byssinosis and other respiratory illnesses. However, no study has yet addressed the health status of the jute handlers/workers in Bangladesh. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of respiratory illnesses among the Jute Mill Workers (JMWs). Additionally, this study tried to find out the overall health status of the JMWs which included presence of non-communicable diseases (NCD) and its related risk, which are usually ignored.

Study design: A cross-sectional study conducted in a purposively selected jute mill - 40km off from Dhaka City. Of the 5500 workers, a list of 600 workers was provided by the mill authority for enrollment in the study. The investigations included – a) interviewing on socio-demography and clinical history; b) anthropometry (height, weight, waist- and hip-circumference); c) blood pressure measurement; d) estimation of fasting blood glucose and lipids; e) peak flow meter test; f) spirometry; g) high resolution computerized tomography (HRCT) and electrocardiography.

Results: Of the enlisted 600 jute mill workers, 514 (men / women = 478 / 36) took part in the study. The response rate was 85%. For overall estimate of bio-physical characteristics (n = 514), the means (95% confidence interval) of age, body mass index (BMI), waist-hip ratio (WHR), systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were 44.19 (43.34 – 45.04) years, 24.44 (24.16 – 24.73), 0.90 (0.90 – 0.91), 118.9 (117.4 – 120.4), 79.69 (78.81 – 8/0.54), respectively. Regarding social class and education, 84.4% were from non-affluent (poor) class and 50% were illiterate. About 88% of the JMWs had been working for ≥42 hours a week and 91.6% were exposed to moderate or heavy work (equivalent to ≥60 min walk). The prevalence of breathlessness, tightness of chest and chronic cough were 16.5%, 25.7% and 16.3%, respectively. The restrictive and obstructive pulmonary functions were detected in 7.0% and 0.8% of study population respectively. The prevalence of systolic hypertension was 16.5%, diastolic hypertension was 7.2% and diabetes (IFG+DM) was 13.3%. They had increased cardiovascular risks – hypertriglyceridemia (23.9%) and hypercholesterolemia (24.3%).

Conclusions: JMWs have been suffering mostly from respiratory illnesses and a substantial number of them suffer from undiagnosed hypertension, diabetes and other non-communicable diseases. Dyslipidemia was also prevalent as a potential risk factor. The study could not assess ocular, auditory, musculoskeletal and mental health and it suggests that a well designed study should address these health related problems of JMWs.

IMC J Med Sci 2019; 13(1): 007
Management of non-absorbable mesh infection after hernia repair by negative pressure wound therapy
Authors: Faruq Amreen , Raihan HM Sabbir , Haque Muhtarima
Published: June 2019

Background and objectives: Mesh infection following hernia repair has previously often resulted in removal of mesh. The aim of this study was to evaluate if negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) can be used to treat such complications and preserve the mesh.

Materials and method: A prospective study was carried in the Department of Surgery, BIRDEM General Hospital from January 2017 to January 2019. Patients with deep wound infection and exposed infected mesh after hernioplasty were included in the study. Patients’ demographics, existing comorbidities and outcome were recorded. All patients were treated with NPWT till the wound was covered with healthy granulation tissue and closed.

Results: NPWT was used to treat 7 patients with mesh infection following hernia repair. There was 2 male and 5 female cases and age ranged from 38-58 years. With NPWT the mesh in 6 patients (86%) out of 7 could be completely salvaged and wound closed with secondary suturing. However, in 1 patient although the mesh covered with granulation tissue by NPWT and wound was closed; but it had to be partly removed later on due to development of chronic discharging sinus 20 days after stitch removal.

Conclusion: The study demonstrated that NPWT was a useful technique for the treatment and preservation of infected mesh after hernia repair.

IMC J Med Sci 2019; 13(1): 008
Spontaneous hypoglycemia: a review
Authors: Shefin Sultana Marufa , Qureshi Nazmul Kabir , Mir Ahmed Salam , Amin Ahasnul Haq , Ahmed Tareen , Afsana Faria , Alam Md Shah , Akter Farhana , Emran Md Shah , Hossain Tanjina , Khan Md Shahjamal , Mustari Marufa , Sultana Nusrat , Saifuddin Mohammad , Tuqan Sadiqa , Selim Shahjada , Talukder Samir Kumar , Uddin Rafiq , Amin Md Feroz
Published: June 2019

Spontaneous hypoglycemia is an important entity that may affect multiple organs. The differential diagnosis is broad in individuals with hypoglycemia in the absence of diabetes mellitus. Multiple etiologies may be present concurrently. Drugs, critical illnesses, hormone deficiencies, and non-islet cell tumors should be considered in those who are ill or taking medications. In apparently healthy individuals, endogenous hyperinsulinism due to insulinoma, functional β-cell disorders, or insulin autoimmune conditions are possible, as are accidental, surreptitious or factitious causes of hypoglycemia. Investigations should be guided by clinical scenario. Irrespective of the exact cause of the spontaneous hypoglycemia, treatment consists of correcting the glycemic state and preventing recurrence by alleviating underlying pathology. This review discusses the causes, diagnosis and management of spontaneous hypoglycemia.

IMC J Med Sci 2019; 13(1): 001
Brown Adipose Tissue - role in metabolic disorders
Authors: Haq Tahniyah , Ong Frank Joseph , Kanji Sarah
Published: June 2019

Brown adipose tissue, a thermogenic organ, previously thought to be present in only small mammals and children has recently been identified in adult humans. Located primarily in the supraclavicular and cervical area, it produces heat by uncoupling oxidative phosphorylation due to the unique presence of uncoupling protein 1 by a process called nonshivering thermogenesis. BAT activity depends on many factors including age, sex, adiposity and outdoor temperature. Positron-emission tomography using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose and computed tomography (18F-FDG PET–CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and thermal imaging (IRT) are among several methods used to detect BAT in humans. The importance of BAT is due to its role in whole body energy expenditure and fuel metabolism. Thus it is postulated that it may be useful in the treatment of metabolic diseases. However, there are still many unanswered questions to the clinical usefulness of this novel tissue.

IMC J Med Sci 2019; 13(1): 002
Effect of aerated and non-aerated compost tea against some fungal phytopathogens
Authors: Islam Rinita , Sultana Sabiha , Islam Md. Rejaul , Mondal Chhoa
Published: June 2019

Suppressive effect of aerated and non-aerated compost tea against different fungal phytopathogens, namely Alternaria solani, Bipolaris sorokiniana, Fusarium oxysporum, Pestalotia palmarum and Sclerotium rolfsii was evaluated in Plant Protection Laboratory of Agrotechnology Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh during 2016. Commercial compost, “Rastic Joibo Shar” was used to prepare aerated and non-aerated compost teas at 20% and 25% concentrations. All the treatments significantly inhibited the mycelial growth of tested five fungal phytopathogens. Among the five pathogens 25% concentration of non-aerated compost tea gave highest mycelial growth inhibition (76%) of Sclerotium rolfsii. Colony characteristics of five phytopathogens were significantly varied in all aspect by treating aerated and non-aerated compost teas at different concentrations. Finally it may be concluded that both aerated and non-aerated compost teas have suppressing  effect on radial mycelial growth Thus compost tea may be used as alternatives to inorganic fertilizers/fungicides to suppress the pathogenic activity of the soil borne fungal phytopathogens. Thus based on the efficacy of in-vitro experiments, efficacy in field condition can be assessed against different diseases.
J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 17(2): 142–147, June 2019
Isolation and molecular detection of Fowl pox and Pigeon pox viruses for the development of live attenuated vaccine seeds from the local isolates
Authors: Sultana Rebeka , Nazir KHM Nazmul Hossain , Rahman Md. Tanvir , Nipa Shamim Ara , Rahman Md. Mizanur , Soma Sabiha Sultana , Rahman Md. Bahanur
Published: June 2019

Avipox is a viral disease of fowl and pigeon which is characterized by proliferative and nodular lesions in the feather-free parts of the skin or fibro-necrotic and proliferating part in the mouth, esophagus, and mucous membrane of the upper respiratory tract. This investigation was carried out with an aim to isolate and molecular detection of Fowl pox virus (FPV) and Pigeon pox virus (PPV) for development of live attenuated vaccine seeds from the local virus isolates. In this study, nodular lesions were collected from seven pigeons and four chickens from different areas of Mymensingh in Bangladesh which were affected by pox. Viral inoculums were prepared and DNA materials were extracted for PCR-based identification of P4b genes. Detection of virus was confirmed by PCR following propagation into 9-11 days old embryonated chicken egg (ECE) and also chicken embryo fibroblast (CEF) cell culture All the field samples were found positive for FPV and PPV by PCRR. These field isolates were propagated and attenuated in duck embryo through CAM route and duck embryo fibroblast (DEF) cell culture for the  development of live attenuated vaccine seeds. Attenuation of both FPV and PPV were successful in duck embryo through CAM route and duck embryo fibroblast (DEF) cell culture after serial six passages. Attenuation of the virus was confirmed by inoculation into experimental birds. Inoculation of attenuated FPV and PPV in chicken and pigeon respectively exhibited no pox lesions whereas control chicken and pigeon inoculated with field isolates develop nodular lesions. Both FPV and PPV were confirmed from both groups of birds by PCR. These attenuated local isolates of FPV and PPV could be used as  potential vaccine candidates for the prevention and control of fowl pox and pigeon pox in Bangladesh.
J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 17(2): 211–219, June 2019
Comparative profitability of sole pineapple, pineapple-papaya and pineapple-banana-arum cultivation in Tangail District of Bangladesh
Authors: Hoque Sadia Sharmin , Rashid M. Harun-Ar , Sharmin Sajia
Published: June 2019

The focus of the study was to evaluate the comparative profitability of sole pineapple, pineapple-papaya and pineapple-banana-arum cultivation at Madhupur and Ghatail Upazilas of Tangail district in Bangladesh. Data from 90 randomly selected farmers, 30 each from sole pineapple, pineapple-papaya and pineapple-banana-arum categories, were collected through face-to-face interview using a set of pre-tested questionnaires. Profitability analysis was used to estimate the comparative profitability and Cobb-Douglas type production function technique was used to identify the factors influencing gross return. The major findings of the study revealed that sole pineapple, pineapple-papaya and pineapple-banana-arum cultivation in the study areas were profitable, among which, pineapple-papaya cultivation was relatively more profitable than the two other patterns. It was evident from Cobb-Douglas type production function that seed, human labour, fertilizer, insecticide, power tiller, and manure had a significant impact on gross return from sole pineapple, pineapple-papaya, pineapple-banana-arum production.
J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 17(2): 236–243, June 2019
Geothermal field and geology of the Caspian Sea region
Authors: Zui Vladimir I. , Far Siamak Mansouri Far
Published: June 2019

The Caspian Sea and adjacent areas form the vast oil and gas-bearing megabasin. It consists of North Caspian, Middle Caspian, and South Caspian sedimentary basins. The granite-metamorphic basement of the basins becomes from north to south younger in the direction from Early Precambrian to Early Cimmerian age. It represents a transitional zone from the southern edge of the East European Craton to Alpine folding. Geothermal investigations have been carried out both in hundreds of deep boreholes and within the Caspian Sea and a few preliminary heat flow maps were published for the Caspian Sea region. All they excluded from consideration the southern part of the region within Iranian national borders. We prepared a new heat flow map including the northern Iran. The purpose of the article is to consider heat flow pattern within the whole Caspian Sea region including its southern part. Two vast high heat flow anomalies above 100 mW/m2 distinguished in the map: within the southwestern Iran and in waters of the Caspian Sea to the North of the Apsheron Ridge, separated by elongated strip of heat flow below 50 –55 mW/m 2 . A general tendency of heat flow from growing was distinguished from the Precambrian crustal blocks of the North Caspian Depression to the Alpine folding within the territory of Iran. Analysis of the heat flow pattern is discussed and two heat flow density profiles were compiled.
Heavy metals contents in higher aquatic plants of Belarusian reservoirs and rivers: spatial and species features
Authors: Zhukovskaya Natalia V. , Vlasov Boris P. , Kavalchyk Nadzeya V.
Published: June 2019

The spatial and species features of heavy metals (Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Zr, Mo, Pb) contents in higher aquatic plants of reservoirs and rivers within Belarus have been analyzed on monitoring data. The group of submerged plants are characterized by high ash content; and they accumulate large amounts of Ti, Mn, Cu, Zn, Zr, Pb. There are statistically signi ficant differences between the plants in ecological groups of reservoirs and rivers in terms of Mn, Cu, Pb contents in the tissues (elements with a 100 % frequency). According to the spatial analysis the reservoirs of the northern geochemical province account for 71 % of the Mn anomalies and 80 % of the Cu anomalies, including the Braslav region – 46 % of the Mn anomalies and 59 % of Cu. Mn, Cu, Pb maximum concentrations are characteristics of submerged macrophytes such lakes as Snudy, Losvido, Maloye Beloye, Beloye (Luninets District), Beloe (Surmino), Svityaz. Among submerged macrophytes within lakes the abnormal accumulation of Mn has been noted for Charophyta (61 % of cases), Myriophyllum and Ceratophyllum, Cu – Charophyta, Isoetes and Lobelia dortmanna, Pb – Isoetes, Charophyta and Potamogeton. The macrophytes within rivers are characterized by the higher ash content and the average content of Mn, Cu and Pb in comparison with the lakes plants. Areas with identified Cu and Pb anomalies in the submerged plants are confined to the central geochemical province of Belarus (the Svisloch river accounts for 67 % of anomalous values of Cu and 33 % of Pb). Anomalous values of Cu have been fixed in the tissues of the Ceratophyllum and Potamogeton, Pb – mostly in Potamogeton. The cluster analysis has distinguished a group of plant species as a part of the following genera: Potamogeton, Myriophyllum, Elodea, Ceratophyllum and Sparganium. The group is characterized by elevated contents of Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Zr, Pb and recommended as indicators of polluting water objects with heavy metals.