REPRODUCTIVE FUNCTION IN WOMEN WITH MENSTRUAL CYCLE DISORDER
Authors: Malanchuk Olexandra , Sharhorodska Yevgenya , Melenchuk Lidiіа , Shkolnyk Olena 
Published: March 2022

Aim. The purpose of this paper is to study reproductive function in women with menstrual disorders.

Material and Methods. We analyzed the data and results of medical and genetic counseling of 107 women with menstrual dysfunction who applied to the medical and genetic center of the State Institution "The Institute of Hereditary Pathology of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine". When analyzing the obtained indicators, we compared them with similar parameters in the comparison group which consisted of 100 healthy women applying for family planning. In the course of the work the data of somatic, gynecological and reproductive anamnesis were studied. Statistical processing of the obtained results was performed using the application package "Statistica 7.0" and the standard package of Excel 2013 statistical analysis. Significance between different groups was investigated by Pearson's test c2. Differences were considered significant at a significance level of p <0.05.

Results and Discussion. Data and results of the medical and genetic counseling of 107 women with menstrual dysfunction (the main group) and 100 women without menstrual dysfunction (the control group) were analyzed. Data of somatic, gynecological and reproductive anamnesis were studied. Significant differences were found in the social status of women of two groups (р<0,05): in the main group, there were 60 working women (56.1%) and 44 (41.1%) housewives. In the control group, there were 32 working women (32.0%) and 68 (68.0%) housewives respectively. The study of the features of menstrual function showed significant differences in the formation and duration of the menstrual cycle in women of both groups (p<0.05). In women with menstrual dysfunction, there were disorders of reproductive history, most often due to miscarriages and stillbirths - 59 (55.1%) and infertility - 19 (17.7%). It was found that most patients in the main group had somatic diseases: 66 (61.7%) in the main group and 46 (46.0%) in the control group (р<0.05). Complications of gynecological anamnesis were significantly more often observed in women of the main group - 85 (79.4%) than in women of the control group - 41 (41.0%) (р<0.05).

Conclusions. Analysis of the social status of women in both groups showed that the vast majority of women in the main group were employees compared to women in the control group: 60 (56.1%) and 44 (32.0%) against 32 (32%) and 44 (44, 0%) respectively (p <0,05). Significant differences in menstrual function data in women of both groups were found. A considerable proportion of women in the main group - 52 (48.0%) noted the onset of menarche at the age of 15 years, and in most women of the control group - 91 (91.0%) it was observed at the age of 12-14 years, and only in 9 (9.0%) cases - at the age of 15 years (p <0.05). There were significant differences in the duration of the menstrual cycle on all indicators in women of both groups. In 48 (44.9%) women of the main group, the duration of the menstrual cycle was 35-45 days, and in 12 (11.2%) - 45-90 days. In all women of the control group, this figure was 28-35 days (p <0.05). Only in 66 (61.7%) patients of the main group, the cycle was established immediately, compared with 81 (81.0%) women in the control group (p <0.05). Women in the main group were significantly more likely to have complications of reproductive history - 63 (58.9%): most often miscarriages and stillbirths - 59 (55.1%) and infertility - 19 (17.7%) (p <0.05). 85 (79.4%) women of the main risk group had difficult gynecological history, compared to 41 (41.0%) in the control group and they were significantly more likely to suffer from infertility -19 (17.7%), p <0.05).