bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Laparoscopic versus open approach in gastrectomy for advanced gastric cancer: a systematic review
Authors: Zhu Zhipeng , Li Lulu , Xu Jiuhua , Ye Weipeng , Zeng Junjie , Chen Borong , Huang Zhengjie
Published: June 2020

Background

Additional studies comparing laparoscopic gastrectomy (LG) versus open gastrectomy (OG) for advanced gastric cancer (AGC) have been published, and it is necessary to update the systematic review of this subject.

Objective

We conducted the meta-analysis to find some proof for the use of LG in AGC and evaluate whether LG is an alternative treatment for AGC.

Method

Randomized controlled trials (RCT) and high-quality retrospective studies (NRCT) compared LG and OG for AGC, which were published in English between January 2010 and May 2019, were search in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Knowledge by three authors independently and thoroughly. Some primary endpoints were compared between the two groups, including intraoperative time, intraoperative blood loss, harvested lymph nodes, first flatus, first oral intake, first out of bed, post-operative hospital stay, postoperative morbidity and mortality, rate of disease recurrence, and 5-year over survival (5-y OS). Besides, considering for this 10-year dramatical surgical material development between 2010 and 2019, we furtherly make the same analysis based on recent studies published between 2016 and 2019.

Result

Thirty-six studies were enrolled in this systematic review and meta-analysis, including 5714 cases in LAG and 6094 cases in OG. LG showed longer intraoperative time, less intraoperative blood loss, and quicker recovery after operations. The number of harvested lymph nodes, hospital mortality, and tumor recurrence were similar. Postoperative morbidity and 5-y OS favored LG. Furthermore, the systemic analysis of recent studies published between 2016 and 2019 revealed similar result.

Conclusion

A positive trend was indicated towards LG. LG can be performed as an alternative to OG for AGC.
A new potential field shape descriptor using continuous wavelet transforms
Authors: Cavalier P. , O’Hagan D. W.
Published: June 2020

Potential field characterization aims at determining source depths, inclination, and type, preferably without a priori information. For ideal sources, the type is often defined from the field’s degree of homogeneity, derived from its expression in the space domain. We have developed a new shape descriptor for potential field source functions, stemming from spectral-domain parameters, which manifest clearly when using continuous wavelet transforms (CWTs). We generalize the use of the maximum wavelet coefficient points in the CWT diagram for the analysis of all types of potential fields (gravity, magnetic, and self-potential). We interpret the CWT diagram as a similarity diagram between the wavelet and the analyzed signal, which has fewer limitations than its interpretation as a weighted and upward-continued field projection. We develop new formulas for magnetic source depth prediction, as well as for effective inclination estimation, using various kinds of wavelets. We found that the potential field source functions exhibit precise behaviors in the CWT analysis that can be predicted using a single parameter [Formula: see text], which is related to their Fourier transforms. This parameter being scale and rotation-invariant can be used as a source-body shape descriptor similar to the commonly used structural index (SI). An advantage of the new descriptor is an increased level of discrimination between sources because it takes different values to describe the horizontal or the vertical cylinder structures. Our approach is illustrated on synthetic examples and real data. The method can be applied directly with the native form of the CWT without scaling factor modification, negative plane diagram extension, or downward plotting. This framework offers an alternative to existing wavelet-like projection methods or other classic deconvolution techniques relying on SI for determining the source depth, dip, and type without a priori information, with an increased level of differentiation between source structures thanks to the new shape descriptor.
Quantifying and correcting residual azimuthal anisotropic moveout in image gathers using dynamic time warping
Authors: Decker Luke , Zhang Qunshan
Published: June 2020

We have developed a novel application of dynamic time warping (DTW) for correcting residual moveout in image gathers, enhancing seismic images, and determining azimuthal anisotropic orientation and relative intensity when moveout is caused by wave propagation through a medium possessing elliptical horizontally transverse isotropy (HTI). The method functions by first using DTW to determine the sequences of integer shifts that most closely match seismic traces within an image gather to its stack and then applying those shifts to flatten the gather. Flattening shifts are fitted to an ellipse to provide an approximation for the orientation and relative strength of elliptical HTI anisotropy. We evaluated the method on synthetic and 3D field data examples to show how it is able to (1) correct for residual azimuthal anisotropic moveout, (2) accurately recover high-frequency information and improve feature resolution in seismic images, and (3) determine the anisotropic orientation while providing a measure of relative strength of elliptic anisotropy. Although the method is not intended to replace anisotropic processing techniques for moveout correction, we find that it has the ability to inexpensively approximate the effects of such operations while providing a representation of the elliptic HTI anisotropy present within a volume.
Morphological spectrum of endometrium with thyroid hormone profile in infertile female population of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan
Authors: Nasir Sabeen , Ziaullah Sara , Alam Sadaf , Khan Muhammad Mumtaz
Published: June 2020

Objectives: To study the morphological spectrum of endometrial changes with the thyroid hormone levels in infertile women.

Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted at Department of Pathology, Peshawar Medical College, Health Care Centre and Madina Medical Laboratory, Peshawar from April 2013 to August 2013. Total 160 cases of infertile women were included in the study. Biopsies were taken on 22-23rd day of menstrual cycle. Statistical Analysis was performed using SPSS version 19 statistical program. Difference between endometrial findings of patients with normal thyroid profile and abnormal one were analyzed for statistical significance using Chi square test. Probability values p ≤ 0.05 were considered statistically significant.

Results: In our study, majority infertile women were euthyroid (80%), followed by hyperthyroid (18%) and only two% to be hypothyroid. The correlation of endometrial morphology with thyroid hormones levels turned out to be insignificant. While correlating histological details of endometrial biopsy with thyroid hormone status, we found significant association of leukocytic infiltrate with thyroid hormone levels.

Conclusion: This study shows that thyroid hormones may have role in early leukocytic infiltration into stroma, and a possibility of immune modulation by altered thyroid hormones in causing infertility.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.5.1791

How to cite this:Nasir S, Ziaullah S, Alam S, Khan MM. Morphological spectrum of endometrium with thyroid hormone profile in infertile female population of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(5):904-908. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.5.1791

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Internal Displacement: Relationship of mental health and education of children in Swat, Pakistan
Authors: Ahmad Nasir , Shaheen Nasir , Hussain Sajjad
Published: June 2020

Background and Objectives: Internal displacement causes mental health problems and effect education of school going children. This study intended to find the relationship between mental health problems and education of children displaced during violence in Swat Pakistan.

Methods: This is quantitative co-relational study conducted in Swat, Pakistan during October 2017 to June 2018. The population of the study constitutes all the students of 25 high schools destroyed during violence. Child PTSD symptom scale, Siddiqui-Shah Depression Scale and Beck Anxiety Inventory were used to collect data from the sample (712) students.

Results: High level of PTSD, depression and anxiety were found in female students and those who were not attending schools during displacement. PTSD and depression have negatively affected academic achievements of female students and those students who were out of schools irrespective of their gender.

Conclusion: The study concludes that internal displacement causes mental health problems in children which can be minimize through education to a great extent.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.5.1847

How to cite this:Ahmad N, Hussain S, Shaheen N. Internal Displacement: Relationship of mental health and education of children in Swat, Pakistan. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(5):909-913. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.5.1847

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Comparison of efficacy of Tranexamic Acid Mesotherapy versus 0.9% normal Saline for Melasma; A split face study in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Karachi
Authors: Kaleem Sana , Ghafoor Rabia , Khan Sidra
Published: June 2020

Objectives: To compare the efficacy of tranexamic acid mesotherapy versus 0.9% normal saline for melasma by split-face study.

Methods: It was a non-randomized clinical trial performed at the Dermatology ward of JPMC from September 2018 to June 2019 after getting approval from the Ethical Committee. A total of sixty patients were recruited in the study, who had symmetrical melasma on their faces. Both halves of the face were treated by Injection Tranexamic Acid (TA) with a dose of 4mg/ml and Normal Saline (NS) two weekly for twelve weeks. Hemi Modified Melasma Area and Severity Scoring (H-mMASI) was calculated at the start and end of the study. Analyses were done by SPSS version 23. P < 0.05 was taken as significant.

Results: Mean of H-mMASI score was compared on both sides at the end of study, which showed significant reduction in mean score from 3.19 ±2.57 to 1.52 ± 1.2 (P < 0.05) on A side as compared to decline in scores on NS side from 3.46 ± 2.7 to 3.45 ± 2.6 (P > 0.05). Erythema, swelling, and burning were documented as temporary side effects on both sides.

Conclusion: Tranexamic Acid (TA) mesotherapy can be considered as the most cost-effective, safe and directly observed therapy for melasma which showed significant improvement when old prior therapies have failed.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.5.2379

How to cite this:Kaleem S, Ghafoor R, Khan S. Comparison of efficacy of Tranexamic Acid Mesotherapy versus 0.9% normal Saline for Melasma; A split face study in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Karachi. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(5):930-934. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.5.2379

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Multiplicadores fiscales y efectos de hoja de balance en una economía pequeña y abierta
Authors: López Piñeros Martha
Published: June 2020

Los multiplicadores fiscales son diferentes según los países y las circunstancias económicas. Los multiplicadores de inversión han sido analizados más recientemente, especialmente para economías avanzadas. Para el caso de economías pequeñas y abiertas, como Colombia, no hay muchos estudios, así como tampoco se describen los mecanismos de transmisión. En este documento se presenta evidencia empírica de los multiplicadores del gasto y la inversión. Posteriormente, se presenta un conjunto de modelos con fricciones financieras que describen los mecanismos de transmisión que explican los multiplicadores de inversión considerando las principales características de la economía colombiana. Los resultados muestran que la evidencia empírica es mejor explicada por los efectos de hoja de balance con contratos nominales. El grado de apertura de la economía, así como los niveles de la rima de riesgo país son elementos esenciales.
Studies Regarding New Genotypes for Table Grape Varieties Adapted to the Restrictive Conditions of North-Eastern Romania
Authors: Rotaru Liliana , Colibaba Cintia Lucia , Mustea Mihai , Alexandru Catalin Lulu , Cimpoi Vladu Ion
Published: June 2020

Table grapes’ genotypes are cultivated in ecosystem that exhibit a high degree of favourability from the point of view of the eco-climatic conditions, where large and qualitative productions, with a small percentage of rejects, are guaranteed, eliminating special technical interventions.
Studies conducted on limitative biotope factors for vine culture show that the level of climatic and eco-pedological factors are favourable for the cultivation of different table grapes genotypes vine in Romania, both varieties for table grapes and wine, in well defined areas.
The new created genotypes, namely Vitis vinifera L. Gelu and Vitis vinifera L. Paula, were taken into study. These new genotypes were created at the Research Station for Viticulture and Wine making Iasi, Romania. The study followed the technological and agro-biological values of the two varieties, compared with the control samples, genotype Vitis vinifera L. Aromat de Ia?i, for better discussing their production potential and quality characteristics, all influenced by the degree of adaptation to the climatic conditions that are in constant change.
Time is a Valuable Ally in Polytrauma: A Case Report
Authors: Salvato Damiano , Delmastro Elena , Bettinelli Giulia , Placella Giacomo , Mancini Nikj
Published: June 2020

The Authors report a case of a 24 years old girl involved in a car accident leading to polytrauma with upper and lower limb multiple fractures. The patient was treated with initial damage control orthopedic interventions and then, at a later time, with definitive surgery. The greatest difficulty in the management of this clinical case was the planning of the definitive secondary stabilization interventions, since they could not all be done in a single step but not even in too many procedures. The decision-making process had also to consider the presence of numerous external fixation devices and therefore patient positioning was a crucial criterion for operative planning. This case emphasizes the importance of surgical planning in polytraumatized patients.
Delivering targeted color light through a multimode fiber by field synthesis
Authors: Wu Daixuan , Qin Liangxia , Luo Jiawei , Liao Zeyang , Chen Xiaoming , Chui Hsiang-Chen , Shen Yuecheng
Published: June 2020

Recent developments of wavefront shaping make the multimode fiber (MMF) as a promising tool to deliver images in endoscopy. However, previous studies using the MMF were limited to monochromatic light or polychromatic light with narrow bandwidth. The desires for colored imaging stimulate us to deliver multi-wavelength light that covers the entire visible spectrum through the MMF. In this work, we demonstrated delivering targeted color light through the MMF by mixing three primary colors (red, green, and blue) with a single spatial light modulator. The optimum phase map that considers all three colors was generated through field synthesis (FS), which requires every pixel of the SLM to partially account for all colors. With both theoretical and numerical approaches, we showed that FS exhibited much better performance than the previously developed spatial segmentation method that employs different pixels to represent different colors. Moreover, by computationally adjusting the compositions of the weight for each color, the colors of the delivered focus can be switched at video framerate. We anticipate that our work paves a way for future applications of delivering color images through the MMF in endoscopy.
Diseño y evaluación de propiedades psicométricas de la Escala de Percepción de Señales de Hambre y Saciedad en Lactantes menores de 6 meses
Authors: Ortiz-Felix Rosario Edith , Cardenas Villarreal Velia Margarita , Guevara Valtier Milton Carlos , Miranda-Felix Patricia Enedina , Rizo-Baeza Maria Mercedes , Cortes-Castell Ernesto
Published: June 2020

Introducción: El objetivo fue desarrollar y evaluar las propiedades psicométricas de la escala Percepción de Señales de Hambre y Saciedad en Lactantes (EPSHSL). Material y métodos: La muestra estuvo constituida por 354 diadas padres (madre/padre) - lactante que acudieron a Control de Niño Sano en unidades de atención primaria del noreste de México. La evaluación de las propiedades psicométricas incluyó validez de contenido a través de expertos, se estimó consistencia interna mediante el coeficiente Alpha de Cronbach, estructura dimensional por análisis factorial exploratorio, y análisis factorial confirmatorio. Resultados: La EPSHSL se diseñó para ser auto-administrada, valora como perciben los padres las señales de hambre y saciedad que emite el hijo durante la alimentación. La consistencia interna fue adecuada (α=0.95), unifactorial con una varianza explicada de 56.4%.  El análisis factorial confirmatorio identifico que el modelo fue adecuado, los ocho índices de ajuste fueron buenos. Las madres perciben mejor las señales de alimentación del hijo que los padres. Conclusiones: La EPSHSL mostro ser confiable con propiedades psicométricas adecuadas, puede ser utilizada por pediatras y personal de enfermería en atención primaria para prevenir riesgo de sobrepeso en niños menores de 6 meses de edad.
Educación alimentaria y nutricional para reducir la obesidad en escolares de Panamá: protocolo de estudio
Authors: Rios-Castillo Israel , Alvarado Katherine , Kodish Stephen R. , Molino Jay , Ávila Roberto , Lebrija Analinnette
Published: June 2020

El sobrepeso en escolares representa un creciente problema de salud pública en Panamá. El objetivo es desarrollar y validar un programa de intervención en educación alimentaria y nutricional (EAN) contra el sobrepeso y la obesidad en escolares de Panamá bajo la perspectiva de una política pública intersectorial de salud y educación. La intervención se basa en el cambio de conducta bajo el modelo socio-ecológico que favorezca la adopción de comportamientos alimentarios y de estilos de vida más saludables. Se trata de un estudio en 768 escolares de diseño cuasi experimental, pre-post intervención, prospectivo y sin grupo control, de tipo observacional explicativo en instituciones de educación básica general del sector público en tres Distritos de Panamá Oeste: La Chorrera, Capira y Chame. Se seleccionaron 5 escuelas, la escuela Victoria DˈSpinay y La Herradura en el Distrito de La Chorrera, la escuela Hernando Bárcenas en el Distrito de Capira y las escuelas El Espavé y Berta Elida Fernández en el Distrito de Chame. El protocolo fue registrado en la plataforma internacional de ensayos Nº ISRCTN28920505. Se obtendrán datos sociodemográficos, antropométricos, nutricionales y alimentarios; de seguridad alimentaria; y de conocimiento, actitud, percepción y comportamiento sobre alimentación y estilos de vida saludables de marzo a diciembre de 2019 durante la implementación del programa intersectorial denominado “Escuelas Saludables” del Ministerio de Salud y del Ministerio de Educación de Panamá. Se describirán y compararán los datos utilizando estadística paramétrica y no paramétrica. El protocolo de estudio fue revisado y aprobado por el Comité de Bioética de la Universidad de Panamá (Ref. CBUP/Nº075/2019), registrado en la Dirección General de Salud (DIGESA) del MINSA (Nº 881). Se solicitará consentimiento informado firmado por parte de los acudientes y asentimiento por cada niño participante. Los resultados del estudio serán difundidos ampliamente en revistas indexadas de revisión de pares y en congresos de salud y nutrición.Número de registro de protocolo: ISRCTN28920505.
Masculinity, Migration, and Forced Conscription in the Syrian War
Authors: Monroe Kristin V.
Published: June 2020

In this essay, I provide a different perspective on the Syrian conflict by examining how the war’s reach can also be located amid the losses, interruptions, and experiences of those Syrians who have until now largely escaped its incredible violence. By looking closely at how the war has altered the life trajectories of and produced distinct modes of vulnerability for military-age men, I develop an argument about how, although they avoid fighting by going to work in Qatar, the lives of a group of Syrian men remain defined by conscription. Through my investigation of how these men are located in a landscape of conscription that extends beyond the borders of Syria, I build on anthropological knowledge of how masculinity is shaped by and through contexts of political destabilization. I demonstrate how, in fulfilling their end of the patriarchal bargain through political obedience and economic production, these men lose a particular stage of manhood and the aspirations, projects, and affective promises it holds.

ملخص

في هذا المقال, أنا أقدم وجهة نظر مختلفة حول الصراع السوري من خلال دارسة واقع الحرب وسط الخسائر, و الانقطاع, و تجارب السورين الذين نجو من العنف, من خلال النظر عن كثب في كيفية الحرب التي غيرت مسارات الحياة التي انتجت انمطاطا مختلفة من الظعف بل النسبة للعسكرين. أنا اطور نقاش حول هولاء الشباب الذين تجنوبو القتال في سوريا من خلال الذهاب الى قطر. حياة هؤلاء الرجال الذين من خلال تحقيقي في مشهد التجنيد الاجباري الذي يمتد الى ماوراء حدود سوريا الى حياتهم كعمال في قطر. أنا أعتمدت على المعرافة الانثروبولوجية حول كيفية تشكيل الرجولة من خلال زعزعة الاستقرار السياسي. أنا أشرح كيف الوفاء من ناحيتهم يتمركز من خلال الطاعة السياسية و الانتاج الاقتصادي. أما الرجولة بشكل خاص تبقى تطلعاتها و مشاريعها و وعودها العاطفية بعيدة الانظار في ظل استمرار الازمة السورية
“Bloomluxuriance”
Authors: Phelan Joseph
Published: June 2020

Joseph Phelan, “‘Bloomluxuriance’: Compound Words in the Poetry of the 1830s and 1840s” (pp. 1–23)

The brief interregnum between Romanticism and Victorianism saw the emergence of and retreat from a number of formal and linguistic experiments in poetry. One of the most striking of these is the ostentatious employment of compound words; the early verse of Alfred Tennyson and some of his less-illustrious contemporaries is littered with coinages such as “tendriltwine,” “mellowmature,” and “bloomluxuriance.” The impetus behind this phenomenon came from developments in philology that emphasized the affinities between English and German and from the attempt to broaden the range of English verse by naturalizing metrical forms such as the hexameter, and was often associated with an impassioned if politically unfocused radicalism. In revising “Œnone” for republication in his 1842 Poems, Tennyson excised almost all of these compound words, a gesture of linguistic conformity that is the stylistic counterpart to what Isobel Armstrong calls the “loss of nerve” apparent in his work during this decade, and one that is paralleled in the work of some of his contemporaries. This experimental impulse did not disappear from Victorian poetry completely, however, and its survival helps to explain some of the quainter and more ungainly phenomena of later nineteenth-century verse.
Opening or Solidifying? The Trend of the Intergenerational Mobility in China since the Implementation of the Reform and Opening-up Policy
Authors: Yue Zhiqiang , Yin Ke
Published: June 2020

Based on the findings of the China General Social Survey, this study aims to analyze the trend of the intergenerational mobility in China since the implementation of the reform and opening-up policy by evaluating the absolute and relative mobility rates through the mobility table. The intergenerational mobility level in China is relatively high from the perspective of the absolute mobility rates. Besides, the overall trend is upward and social openness is quite high. However, the intergenerational mobility level is relatively low and gradually declining from the perspective of the relative mobility rates that reflect the equality of mobility opportunities. In addition, the social class structure shows a tendency of solidifying. While the absolute mobility rates reflect the efficiency of the intergenerational mobility, the relative mobility rates reflect its fairness. However, since the implementation of the reform and opening-up policy, Chinese society appears to be in a state of inadequate equality but with high efficiency. In this study, we generally regarded education as a critical factor of the intergenerational mobility. Lately, China has implemented a series of education policies, including the resumption of university entrance examination policy, compulsory education policy, and college enrollment expansion policy. The Chinese government endeavors to enhance national education attainment and sustain absolute mobility at a higher level. Nevertheless, the differences in education attainment of offspring from different social classes have increased gradually, making education inequality a significant factor of lower relative mobility. Thus, the government should increase the intergenerational mobility level by creating a healthy and stable economic development environment and improving education inequality.
The Influence of Teacher’s Job Satisfaction on Students’ Performance: An Empirical Analysis Based on Large-Scale Survey Data of Jiangsu Province
Authors: Gu Hui , Zhou Shike
Published: June 2020

It is essential to know how teacher’s satisfaction affects the performance of students. Using the data of the 2016 Annual Monitoring of the Academic Quality of Students in Basic Education in Jiangsu of China, this study applied a hierarchical linear model to analyze the impact of teacher’s satisfaction on the academic performance of elementary students. Results showed that both the self-realized satisfaction with the education work and the relationship between colleagues and students displayed a significant effect on students’ performance, whereas the satisfaction with the supervisors and administrative, the rationality of the payment, and the environment for further development did not show a significant impact on students’ performance. So based on these data, we suggest that it is critical to create a better self-realized condition for teachers to realize a good relationship with colleagues, and build up an incentive system for them to better stimulate their teaching enthusiasm.
Effectiveness of Autonomous Learning Materials for Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Case Study of the Daxie Second Elementary School in Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
Authors: Xie Zhuodan
Published: June 2020

Autonomous learning materials play a vital role in developing students’ autonomy. By providing students with appropriate autonomous learning materials to meet their self-diagnosis learning needs, this can effectively improve students’ academic performance. During the COVID-19 pandemic, students’ learning changed from offline to online. However, in this pro-cess, how should teachers and students choose in the face of the rich autonomous learning materials online? This study took students from two elementary schools in Ningbo of Zhejiang Province as the research objects to determine whether autonomous learning materials are conducive to students’ autonomous learning. Further, under the same background, answered whether different autonomous learning materials have different effects on student performance. We selected a total of 449 students in the second and fifth grades of the two elementary schools, and after excluding extreme values, 229 were enrolled in the experimental group and 220 were in the control group. The study found that (i) under the influence of COVID-19, the use of autonomous learning materials was effective for most disciplines; (ii) compared with audio and video learning materials, protocol-guided learning materials improved students’ academic performance much higher. Based on this, we suggest that in the teaching process, teach-ers should select and use autonomous learning materials in a targeted manner to achieve the purpose of promoting learning.
Pola dan Karakteristik Arus Laut pada Berbagai Kedalaman Di Selat Badung, Bali
Authors: Theoyana Tonny Adam , Pranowo Widodo Setiyo , Rita Tisiana Dwi Kuswardani Anastasia , - Purwanto
Published: June 2020

Selat Badung merupakan percabangan outlet dari Selat Lombok yang berada di antara Pulau Bali dan Pulau Nusa Penida. Kecepatan arus di Selat Badung berkisar dari 0,2 cm/s - 204,3 cm/s. Kajian arus di lokasi ini diperlukan untuk mengetahui pola dan karakteristik arus berdasarkan komponen harmonik pasang surut. Pengukuran data di perairan lokasi penelitian dilaksanakan pada tanggal 20 Juni 2014 - 5 Juli 2014 dengan interval perekaman 30 menit. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan software Matlab dengan toolbox t_tide yang dapat memisahkan data arus perekaman menjadi data arus harmonik dan non-harmonik dengan mengeluarkan komponen pasang surut yang berpengaruh terhadap keberlangsungan arus harmoniknya. Ketiga data arus ini akan dianalisis untuk mengetahui pola dan karakteristiknya. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, pola arus didominasi oleh arus non harmonik ke arah tenggara. Komponen harmonik yang berpengaruh besar pada lokasi tersebut adalah Msf, M2 dan S2.
What factors are most important in finding the best model of a psychological process?
Authors: Evans Nathan
Published: June 2020

Psychology research has become increasingly focused on creating formalized models of psychological processes, which can make exact quantitative predictions about observed data that are the result of some unknown psychological process, allowing a better understanding of how psychological processes may actually operate. However, using models to understand psychological processes comes with an additional challenge: how do we select the best model from a range of potential models that all aim to explain the same psychological process? A recent article by Navarro (2019; Computational Brain & Behavior) provided a detailed discussion on several broad issues within the area of model selection, with Navarro suggesting that “one of the most important functions of a scientific theory is ... to encourage directed exploration of new territory” (p.30), that “understanding how the qualitative patterns in the empirical data emerge naturally from a computational model of a psychological process is often more scientifically useful than presenting a quantified measure of its performance” (p.33), and that “quantitative measures of performance are essentially selecting models based on their ancillary assumptions” (p.33). Here, I provide a critique of several of Navarro’s points on these broad issues. In contrast to Navarro, I argue that all possible data should be considered when evaluating a process model (i.e., not just data from novel contexts), that quantitative model selection methods provide a more principled and complete method of selecting between process models than visual assessments of qualitative trends, and that the idea of ancillary assumptions that are not part of the core explanation in the model is a slippery slope to an infinitely flexible model.
Astrocyte (Gfap) and Microglia (Iba1) staining in PFA-fixed mouse brain tissue v1
Authors: Manrique-Castano Daniel
Published: June 2020

The current staining protocol was employed to stain Gfap-positive astrocytes and Iba1-positive microglia in PFA-fixed mouse brains in a model of cerebral ischemia. This procedure is useful to evaluate astrogliosis, glial scar formation, immune response following injury.
Shallow-angle needle guide for ultrasound-guided internal jugular venous catheterization: A randomized controlled crossover simulation study (CONSORT) v1
Authors: Watanabe Kunitaro , Yorozu Tomoko , Kawarai Lefor Alan , Tokumine Joho
Published: June 2020

Background:Needle guides for ultrasound-guided internal jugular venous catheterization facilitate successful cannulation. The ability of a needle guide to prevent a posterior vein wall injury which may secondarily induce lethal complications, is unknown. Previous studies showed that a shallow angle of approach may reduce the incidence of posterior wall injuries. We developed a novel needle guide with a shallow angle of approach for ultrasound-guided venous catheterization and examined whether this needle guide reduces the incidence of posterior wall injuries compared to a conventional needle guide and free-hand placement in a simulated vein. Methods: This study was a randomized crossover-controlled trial. The primary outcome was the rate of posterior vein wall injuries. Participants had a didactic lecture about three ultrasound-guided techniques using the short-axis out-of-plane approach, including free-hand (P-free), a commercial needle guide (P-com), and a novel needle guide (P-sha). The view inside a simulated vein was recorded during venipuncture. Results: Thirty-five residents participated in this study. Posterior vein wall injuries occurred in 66% using P-free, 60% using P-com, and 0% using P-sha (p< 0.01). There was no significant difference in the incidence of posterior vein wall injuries between P-free and P-com. Conclusions: Use of a shallow angle of approach needle guide resulted in a lower rate of posterior vein injuries during venipuncture of a simulated vein compared with other techniques using a steeper angle techniques.
Direct shear strengthening of NSC and SCC using NSM CFRP and steel bars
Authors: Mustafa Rozhno , Abdul-Kadir Mohamed
Published: June 2020

Failure in direct shear is sudden and catastrophic in concrete structures, Several techniques have been developed for shear strengthening of push-off specimens representing direct shear. In this research, the effectiveness of Near-surface mounted (NSM) FRP and steel bars as a strengthening technique for direct shear in normal strength concrete (NSC) and self-compacted concrete (SCC) are studied. As a result of the experimental work, it was observed that the NSM steel bars increased the shear capacity by 48 and 44% for both types of concrete NSC and SCC respectively, while the NSM CFRP rods increased the shear capacity by 30% and 33% for both NSC and SCC respectively. It was also observed that strengthening at 90° was more effective in terms of shear strength compared to 45° with a difference in the range of 8% for NSC and 5% for SCC. The analytical results are very close to the experimental ones.
Pemanfaatan dan Pembuatan Media Matematika dan IPA Berbasis Inovasi bagi Guru Sekolah Dasar di Kota Blitar
Authors: Untari Esti , Yuniawatika Yuniawatika , Bintartik Lilik
Published: June 2020

The community service program in the City of Blitar aims to improve understanding of the use and making of mathematics and science media for elementary school teachers. Especially to be utilized in learning activities in mathematics and science that are based on innovation. The Target Group in this training activity is elementary school teachers in Blitar City with a total of 20 participants. The activity was carried out at the PP3 Computer Laboratory, State University of Malang in Blitar City. The method used in this training is lecture, question and answer, discussion, peer teaching and peer review. The results of community service activities produce products in the form of mathematical and natural media including bikastake media, human respiratory media, dakota media, and broken play media. Understanding of knowledge about the use of media can be seen from the results of the post test increased by 25%.Program pengabdian masyarakat di Kota Blitar ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman pengetahuan pemanfaatan dan pembuatan media matematika dan IPA bagi guru SD. Terutama untuk dapat dimanfaatkan dalam kegiatan pembelajaran matematika dan IPA yang berbasis inovasi.  Kelompok Sasaran dalam kegiatan pelatihan ini guru Sekolah Dasar di Kota Blitar dengan jumlah 20 peserta. Kegiatan dilakukan di Laboratorium Komputer PP3 Universitas Negeri Malang di Kota Blitar. Metode yang digunakan dalam pelatihan ini ceramah, tanya jawab, diskusi, peer teaching dan peer review. Hasil kegiatan pengabdian menghasilkan produk berupa media matematika dan IPA meliputi media bikastake, media pernapasan manusia, media dakota, dan media permainan pecahan.  Pemahaman pengetahuan tentang pemanfaatan media terlihat dari hasil post test mengalami peningkatan sebesar 25 %.
Pendampingan Pengelolaan Perpustakaan untuk Mendukung Gerakan Literasi Sekolah
Authors: Kusumaningrum Desi Eri , Gunawan Imam , Sumarsono Raden Bambang , Triwiyanto Teguh
Published: June 2020

The aim of community service is the establishment of a good and correct library management system for the two partner schools and the preparation of a primary school library management manual. The target audience includes 2 partner schools, namely SDN Sentul 1 and SDN Sentul 2, Purwodadi District, Pasuruan Regency. This activity involved the Community Service Team consisting of 4 lecturers and 4 students as resource persons and assistants, and teachers in 2 partner schools who served as librarians in each school. The method of implementation is the classical approach and individual approach. This library management assistance activity produced results in the form of a library management system in the two partner schools properly and correctly. Based on the results of the evaluation, it can be concluded that this service activity was successful in achieving its objectives. The benefit that can be obtained through this activity is the strengthening of the school literacy movement.Tujuan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini yaitu tersusunnya sistem pengelolaan bahan pustaka yang baik dan benar pada kedua sekolah mitra dan tersusunnya buku panduan pengelolaan perpustakaan sekolah dasar. Khalayak sasaran kegiatan ini meliputi 2 sekolah mitra yaitu SDN Sentul 1 dan SDN Sentul 2 Kecamatan Purwodadi Kabupaten Pasuruan. Kegiatan ini melibatkan Tim Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat yang terdiri dari 4 orang dosen dan 4 orang mahasiswa sebagai narasumber dan pendamping, dan guru di 2 sekolah mitra yang bertugas sebagai pustakawan di masing-masing sekolah. Metode pelaksanaan yaitu pendekatan klasikal dan pendekatan individual. Kegiatan pendampingan pengelolaan perpustakaan ini memberikan hasil berupa tersusunnya sistem pengelolaan bahan pustaka pada kedua sekolah mitra dengan baik dan benar. Berdasarkan hasil evaluasi, dapat disimpulkan bahwa kegiatan pengabdian ini berhasil dalam mencapai tujuan. Manfaat yang bisa diperoleh melalui kegiatan ini yaitu terjadi penguatan gerakan literasi sekolah.
Pelatihan Pengembangan Perangkat Pembelajaran Berbasis Pendekatan Saintifik bagi Guru Anggota IGTKI
Authors: Wulandari Retno Tri , Astuti Wuri , Santoso Sandy Tegariyani Putri
Published: June 2020

Based on the observations, interviews with PAUD teachers, especially kindergarten teachers in Tumpang District, obtained the following data. (1) Not all Kindergarten teachers in Tumpang gain a deep insight into the nature of the curriculum of 2013. (2) Almost all kindergarten teachers in Tumpang District have not mastered and are skilled in applying science-based learning approach. In relation to that matter, the PGPAUD S1 course participates through community service program that is a training of development of learning tool based on the scientific approach for teacher of IGTKI member of Tumpang District. The methods used in this training are: (1) lectures and questions about the basic concepts of scientific approach in learning in kindergarten, RKH (RPPH) based on scientific approach (2) workshops and training assignments to make learning tools using scientific and based approach curriculum 2013, (3) simulations to pilot learning tools that have been made by participants, (4) discussions to conduct evaluation and get feedback about the process and the results of community service activities.Berdasarkan observasi, wawancara dengan pendidik PAUD khususnya guru TK di Kecamatan Tumpang diperoleh data sebagai berikut. (1) Belum semua guru TK di Tumpang memperoleh wawasan yang mendalam mengenai hakikat dari kurikulum 2013. (2) Hampir semua guru TK di Kecamatan Tumpang belum menguasai dan terampil dalam menerapkan pembelajaran berbasis pendekatan saintifik. Sehubungan dengan hal tersebut, maka program studi S1 PGPAUD ikut berpartisipasi melalui program pengabdian kepada masyarakat yaitu pelatihan pengembangan perangkat pembelajaran berbasis pendekatan saintifik bagi guru anggota IGTKI Kecamatan Tumpang. Metode yang digunakan dalam pelatihan ini adalah: (1) ceramah dan Tanya jawab tentang konsep dasar pendekatan saintifik dalam pembelajaran di TK, penyusunan RKH (RPPH) berbasis pendekatan saintifik (2) workshop dan pemberian tugas latihan untuk membuat perangkat pembelajaran menggunakan pendekatan saintifik dan berbasis kurikulum 2013, (3) simulasi untuk mengujicobakan perangkat pembelajaran yang telah dibuat oleh peserta, (4) diskusi untuk melakukan evaluasi dan mendapat balikan tentang proses maupun hasil kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat.
Pelatihan Micro Learning Object Berbasis TPACK bagi Guru-Guru SMA di Garut
Authors: Surahman Ence , Sulthoni Sulthoni , Ulfa Saida , Husna Arafah , Ramdiana Hilman , At Thaariq Zahid Zufar , Setiawan Antoni Bagas , Qolbi Muhammad Syifa’ul
Published: June 2020

The development of mobile device technology among High School (SMA) users and its equivalent has not been maximized maximally to support the achievement of effective and efficient learning goals. The purpose of this service activity is to provide training to high school / MA / SMK teachers in the form of the ability to recognize, understand and develop micro teaching materials (microlearning objects). Training activities are carried out by using a blended training model that is a combination of face-to-face training activities and online training. Face-to-face activities use lecture, discussion and online game methods, while online training is in the form of a study of training materials and independent training. The results obtained in the form of the ability of participants to understand, design and develop micro teaching materials using mobile devices they have. Perkembangan teknologi mobile device di kalangan pengguna Sekolah Menengah Atas (SMA) dan sederajat belum dioptimalkan secara maksimal untuk mendukung pencapaian tujuan pembelajaran yang  efektif dan efisien. Tujuan dari kegiatan pengabdian ini yaitu memberikan pelatihan kepada para guru SMA/MA/SMK berupa kemampuan untuk mengenali, memahami dan mengembangkan bahan ajar mikro (microlearning object). Kegiatan pelatihan dilakukan dengan menggunakan model blended training yakni perpaduan antara kegiatan pelatihan secara tatap muka dan pelatihan secara online. Kegiatan tatap muka menggunakan metode ceramah, diskusi dan game online, sedangkan pelatihan online berupa kegiatan kajian bahan pelatihan dan latihan mandiri. Hasil yang diperoleh berupa kemampuan peserta dalam memahami, merancang dan mengembangkan bahan ajar mikro menggunakan perangkat mobile device yang dimilikinya.
Pengaruh Pola Gerak Elektroda Pada Proses Pengelasan Baja St 37 Dengan Las Smaw Terhadap Sudut Distorsi dan Kekuatan Tarik
Authors: Santoso Puguh Budi , Wahono Wahono , Qolik Abdul
Published: June 2020

Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui bagaimana sudut distorsi dan kekuatan tarik serta hubungan keduanya hasil pengelasan SMAW dengan variasi pola gerak elektroda. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan eksperimen dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian diperoleh: (1)sudut distorsi dengan pola gerak elektroda melingkar sebesar 1,6o, (2)pola gerak elektroda zig-zag 1,4o, (3)pola gerak elektroda C 2,8o. (4)pada spesimen raw material diperoleh kekuatan tarik sebesar 19,36 kgf/mm2. (5)Nilai kekuatan tarik pada pola gerak elektroda melingkar 21,714 kgf/mm2, (6)pola gerak elektroda zig-zag 22,528 kgf/mm2, (7)pola gerak elektroda C 23,134 kgf/mm2.
Pengaruh Metode Penyayatan Laju Tinggi dan Sudut Buang Pahat Terhadap Kekasaran Permukaan Hasil Bubut Rata Menggunakan Pahat HSS Pada Bahan Bronze
Authors: Irvan Muhammad Farid , Qolik Abdul , Basuki Basuki
Published: June 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruhan dari kecepatan putaran spindle, gerak makan (feed rate), dan sudut buang pahat terhadap kekasaran permukaan pada proses pembubutan bahan bronze. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimental dengan desain Pre Eksperimental. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini adalah two way anova. Dengan variabel penelitian kecepatan putaran spindle (X1), kedalaman pemotongan (X2), dan gerak makan (feed rate) (X3) berpengaruh terhadap kekasaran permukaan (Y). Hasil menunjukkan kecepatan spindle pada 1250 Rpm, pada variasi gerak makan 0.050 mm/rev, dan sudut buang pahat pada 3˚ memiliki kekesaran permukaan yang relatih rendah.
Analisis Sifat Mekanik Dan Cacat Makro Paduan Al-Cu Berpenguat Al2O3 Dengan Variasi Waktu Pengadukan Pada Proses Stir Casting
Authors: Rizki Vega
Published: June 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui cacat makro, kekuatan tarik, dan kekerasan paduan Al-Cu berpenguat alumina dengan variasi waktu pengadukan 60, 180, dan 300 detik. Metode yang digunakan adalah eksperimen dengan desain penelitian pre experimental design. Jenis analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif. Pemeriksaan cacat makro menunjukkan bahwa keseluruhan variasi waktu pengadukan baik 60, 180, maupun 300 detik semua spesimen mengalami cacat deformasi karena pergeseran. Adapun hasil sifat mekanik dari penelitian ini menunjukkan penurunan nilai tegangan tarik dan peningkatan nilai kekerasan pada waktu pengadukan yang relatif tinggi. Berdasarkan nilai rata–rata hasil pengujian tarik dan kekerasan vickers, waktu pengadukan 60 detik menghasilkan nilai kekuatan tarik 181,4 MPa dan untuk nilai kekerasan diperoleh sebesar 53,03 HV. Waktu pengadukan 180 detik menghasilkan nilai kekuatan tarik dan kekerasan sebesar 158,3 MPa dan 57,94 HV. Sedangkan waktu pengadukan 300 detik menghasilkan nilai kekuatan tarik dan kekerasan sebesar 139,1 MPa dan 73,7 HV.
Analisis Variasi Penambahan Unsur Karbon Arang Kayu Terhadap Kualitas Dan Kekerasan Pada Pengecoran Logam AlSi Dengan Metode Lost Foam Casting
Authors: Priyanto Imam Arif
Published: June 2020

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis cacat makro, cacat mikro dan kekerasan hasil pengecoran Al-Si (remelting) dengan penambahan arang kayu jati dan tanpa penambahan arang kayu jati menggunakan metode lost foam casting. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode ekperimen dengan jenis pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain pre-experimental design model One-Group Pretest-Posttest Design. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian yang didapatkan bahwa cacat makro paling banyak pada spesimen variasi arang kayu jati 0,35% dengan jumlah cacat lubang jarum ±29 cacat dan cacat struktur butir terbuka dengan jumlah cacat ±14. Pada uji struktur mikro dari kesemua spesimen memiliki cacat porositas mikro. Pada uji kekerasan menunjukan bahwa seiring dengan penambahan arang kayu jati nilai kekerasan meningkat, yaitu pada spesimen 0,50% arang kayu jati dengan nilai kekerasan sebesar 58,5 HV. Jadi jika ingin meningkatkan kekerasan produk pengecoran berbahan Al-Si remelting maka dapat menggunakan arang kayu jati sebagai alternatif. Disarankan juga jika menggunakan metode lost foam casting maka cara untuk mengurangi cacat porositas akibat dari gas hasil pembakaran foam dapat menggunakan jenis pasir dengan permeabilitas yang tinggi