bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Iron‐Doped NiCo2O4 Nanoparticles: Synthesis via Homogeneous Precipitation Method and Studies on their Peroxidase‐like Activity
Authors: Lather Reena , Jeevanandam Pethaiyan
Published: September 2022

The present study reports the synthesis of iron‐doped NiCo2O4 nanoparticles (Ni1−xFexCo2O4) using homogeneous precipitation method followed by calcination. The precursors (Ni−Co layered double hydroxides) and iron‐doped NiCo2O4 nanoparticles were characterized using various analytical techniques. XRD results indicate formation of iron‐doped NiCo2O4 nanoparticles up to x=0.5 and when x≥0.7, there is also formation of α‐Fe2O3. TEM images show formation of nanorods composed of nanoparticles in the iron‐doped NiCo2O4 nanoparticles. DRS results demonstrate change in optical properties upon doping of iron in the NiCo2O4 nanoparticles. M−H measurements show soft ferromagnetic behavior of pure and iron‐doped NiCo2O4 nanoparticles at 300 K. At 5 K, soft ferromagnetic behavior is observed up to x=0.3 in Ni1−xFexCo2O4 nanoparticles, and when x=0.7, strong ferromagnetic behavior is observed. When x=0.5, “wasp‐waist” behavior is observed. The ZFC‐FC measurements show single blocking temperature up to x=0.3 while two blocking temperatures are observed when x=0.5. When x=0.7, the blocking temperature is above room temperature. After characterization, the peroxidase‐like activity using iron‐doped NiCo2O4 nanoparticles as catalyst was investigated using oxidation of 3,3′,5,5′‐tetramethyl benzidine as substrate.
Perovskite CsPbI2Br Thin Films Prepared under Nitrogen Flow and Black Phase Stabilization in the Presence of a Two‐Dimensional Inorganic Halide Material and Indium
Authors: Breniaux Edouard , Dufour Pascal , Karthick Sekar , Yildirim Ceren , Bouclé Johann , Vedraine Sylvain , Ratel‐Ramond Nicolas , Tenailleau Christophe
Published: September 2022

In this work, a simple thin films manufacturing process of all‐inorganic halide perovskites has been developed under ambient conditions. A flow of nitrogen placed above the freshly deposited film by spin‐coating, during the brief heat treatment stage, provides a suitable microstructure for photovoltaic applications. The main parameters of this process have been tested in order to obtain the most suitable perovskite layer for solar cells. Films of 3D CsPbI2Br, mixtures of [3D+2D] phases where Cs2PbCl2I2 is the 2D material, and in the presence of indium in order to substitute lead in the main phase, were optimized and their structures analyzed by means of scanning electron microscopy and X‐ray diffraction. Films are more compact and the structure tends to be more symmetrical upon doping, which preserve the black phase for a longer time. Each type of film was integrated into a fully functional solar cell. The addition of the 2D material to the main 3D phase affect the photovoltaic performances of the manufactured devices under our conditions but the photoactive black phase is clearly stabilized. A preferred orientation was observed in the presence of the 2D material and under nitrogen flow. Texture analysis evidenced for a fiber‐like structure and the presence of indium tends to improve the black phase stability.
Base‐Catalyzed Sequential 5‐exo‐dig/7‐endo‐dig Cyclization of (2‐Alkynylphenyl) Benzyl Ethers: Scope, Mechanism Studies, and Photophysical Properties
Authors: do Carmo Pinheiro Roberto , Welter Luiz Eduardo , Iglesias Bernardo A. , Back Davi F. , Marques Luiza Souza , Wayne Nogueira Cristina , Zeni Gilson
Published: September 2022

Heterocycles fused to seven‐membered rings are synthesized in a highly selective fashion from (2‐alkynylphenyl) benzyl ethers by a consecutive potassium tert‐butoxide‐catalyzed one‐pot cyclization. Systematic study to determine the ideal conditions revealed that a catalytic amount of potassium tert‐butoxide, dimethyl sulfoxide, and the tert‐BuOK/tert‐BuOH equilibrium can play a crucial role in the formation of products. The optimized reaction conditions were applied to 2‐alkynylphenyl benzyl ethers containing substituted aromatic systems directly bonded to the triple bond; however, they were ineffective for alkynes having alkyl groups. The protocol afforded the heterocycles fused to seven‐membered rings in good yields by an exclusive 5‐exo‐dig/7‐endo‐dig one‐pot sequence. The photophysical properties of compounds were investigated using absorption and emission fluorescence analyses. The emission analysis showed a blue to cyan emission. Large Stokes shift values were found for all compounds, which were attributed to the ICT state and the electronic properties of the substituents.
Electrochemical Properties of Chitosan‐Modified PbO2 as Positive Electrode for Lead–Acid Batteries
Authors: Lu Xia , Chen Zhen , Yu Qiang , Zhu Wei , Li Shuting , Han Lei , Yuan Jiali , Li Shutong , Wu Yize , Lv Ze , Chen Bangyao , You Hongjun
Published: September 2022

The structure and properties of the positive active material PbO2 are key factors affecting the performance of lead–acid batteries. To improve the cycle life and specific capacity of lead–acid batteries, a chitosan (CS)‐modified PbO2–CS–F cathode material is prepared by electrodeposition in a lead methanesulfonate system. The microstructure and phase composition are characterized by scanning electron microscopy and X‐ray diffraction. The electrochemical activity of the cathode material is analyzed by cyclic voltammetry, linear sweep voltammograms, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and scanning electrochemical microscopy. The battery performance of laboratory lead–acid batteries assembled with the cathode material is analyzed by a battery tester. The results show that the PbO2–CS–F cathode material has the smallest grain size (21.879 nm), the highest oxygen evolution potential (2.237 V), and the highest exchange current density (3.788 × 10−7 A cm−2), smallest charge transfer resistance (5.359 Ω cm2), and highest chemical activity in the series of PbO2 cathode materials. The laboratory lead–acid battery assembled from PbO2–CS–F cathode material exhibist the best battery performance, with the first discharge capacities of 4257 mAh and the discharge‐specific capacity after 500 cycles is 196 mAh g−1.
Bifunctional Mesoporous MOx (M = Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, Ce) Oxygen Electrocatalysts for Platinum Group Metal‐Free Oxygen Pumps
Authors: Wu Zhixing , Vagin Mikhail , Boyd Robert , Greczynski Grzegorz , Ding Penghui , Odén Magnus , Björk Emma M.
Published: September 2022

Bifunctional electrocatalysts with both accelerated oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) enable high‐power density electricity storage and decentralized extraction of pure oxygen from air for usage in health care. Herein, a hydrothermal synthesis employing the anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate as structure‐directing agent is developed to fabricate a family of crystalline mesoporous metal oxides (meso‐MO
X
, M = Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, Ce). The pore size and specific surface area depend on the metal used and they range from 3 to 6 nm and 60 to 200 m2 g−1, respectively. NiO and Co3O4 show a higher catalytic efficiency in alkaline media in comparison with the other oxides studied, and their activities are comparable with the values reported for platinum group metal (PGM)‐based electrocatalysts. This stems from lower voltage losses and by the presence of specific hydroxide adsorbates on the surface. Both ORR and OER driven on Co3O4 show the unified rate‐determining chemical step (|OO−|•
ads + H2O ↔ |OOH|•
ads + OH−, where are the species adsorbed on active sites). The bifunctional ORR/OER electrocatalysis obtained on mesoporous NiO is utilized for the first symmetrical PGM‐free oxygen pump fed by air and water only.
Calcareous nannofossils of the late Eocene to early Oligocene from the Pabdeh and Asmari transition in Dezful Embayment (southwestern Iran): Evidence of a climate cooling event
Authors: Senemari Saeedeh , Mahanipour Azam
Published: September 2022

Calcareous nannofossil assemblages have been investigated in the uppermost Eocene to the lowest Oligocene in the Marun oil field in the Dezful Embayment (south‐west Iran). The studied interval includes shales, marlstones and limestones. Seventeen genera and 35 species of calcareous nannofossils have been determined. Regarding the succession of nannofossil bioevents, the studied interval ranges from the late Eocene (Priabonian, CNE18 Zone or NP18 Zone) to the early Oligocene (Rupelian, CNO2 Zone, or NP22 Zone). A high relative abundance of warm water taxa (such asSphenolithusspp.,Discoasterspp. andHelicosphaeraspp.) is recorded in the late Eocene, while towards the Eocene–Oligocene boundary (EOB), an increase in the relative abundance of cool and temperate taxa (such asReticulofenestraspp.,Cyclicargolithus floridanus,Dictyococcites bisectaandMarkalius inversus) is identified. A marked decrease in the abundance of warm water taxa along with a decrease in species diversity indicates that the cooling event at the EOB in the Marun oil field in Iran is similar to other parts of the world (Tethys realm).
Color vision devices for color vision deficiency patients: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Male Shiva Ram , Shamanna Bindiganavale R , Bhardwaj Rishi , Bhagvati Chakravarthy , Theagarayan Baskar
Published: September 2022

Background and Aims

There is insufficient evidence to support that using electronic or optical color vision devices improve color perception with current advanced technology. The purpose of this study is to compare and analyze the different color vision devices available for patients with color vision deficiency (CVD) and evaluate whether these devices improved their color perception.

Methods

This review included randomized, experimental, comparative studies, as well as narrative reviews, prototype and innovation studies, and translational studies, followed by case‐control and clinical trials with nonsurgical interventions studies, that is, electronic color vision devices, optical devices, and contact lens‐based studies, with standardized inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Results

The primary outcome studied was the performance of color vision devices, both objective and subjective. Secondary outcomes included the ease of use and accessibility of color vision devices and technology. The grading of recommendation, assessment, development, and evaluation framework was used to develop a systematic approach for consideration and clinical practice recommendation for CVD devices for color‐deficient populations. We incorporated meta‐analysis reports from a total of n = 16 studies that met the criteria which consisted of case‐control studies, prototype and innovation studies, comparative studies, pre‐ and post‐clinical trial studies, case studies, and narrative reviews. Proportion and standard errors, as well as correlations, were calculated from the meta‐analysis for various available color vision devices.

Conclusion

This review concludes that commercially available color vision devices, such as EnChroma Glasses, Chromagen filters, and EnChroma Cx‐14 do not provide clinically significant evidence that subjective color perception has improved. As a result, recommending these color vision devices to the CVD population may not prove high beneficial/be counterproductive. However, only a few color shades can be perceived differently. This systematic review and analysis will aid future research and development in color vision devices.
Pregnancy outcomes among women who gave birth at health institutions: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Mihretie Gedefaye Nibret , Habitamu Abirham
Published: September 2022

Background and Aims

Although global birth outcomes have improved considerably in the last 40 years, there are disparities in underdeveloped countries, particularly Ethiopia, remain significant. However, there was inadequate data about the adverse outcome in the study area. This study aimed to assess the proportion and associated factors of adverse birth outcomes among women who gave birth at South Gondar Health Institutions in 2021.

Methods

The multistage sampling technique was used to select 928 participants from December 15, 2020, to February 2, 2021. Face‐to‐face interviewer‐administered questionnaires and card reviews were used. The data were entered into Epi‐Data 4.2 and analyzed by SPSS version 23. The statistical association was determined using the odds ratio, 95% confidence interval (CI), and a p‐value of less than 0.05.

Results

The proportion of fetal and maternal adverse birth outcomes were 26.7%, and 12.3%, respectively. Previous history of abortion (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.10, 95% CI = 1.31, 3.66), antenatal care (ANC) follow up (AOR = 3.30, 95% CI = 1.67, 6.58), premature rupture of membrane and hyperemesis (AOR = 3.27, 95% CI = 1.55, 5.89), obstructed labor and meconium‐stained amniotic fluid (AOR = 2.31, 95% CI = 1.21, 4.39), and cesarean birth (AOR = 0.50, 95% CI = 0.28, 0.88) were significantly associated fetal adverse birth outcome. Antepartum hemorrhage during the latest pregnancy was associated with maternal adverse birth outcomes (AOR = 1.87, 95% CI = 1.03, 3.38).

Conclusion

The proportion of adverse birth outcomes in this study was high. Provide community‐based health information about ANC follow‐up, and community mobilization to reduce abortion. Appropriately manage premature rapture of the membrane after hospital admission.
Short message service usage may improve the public's self‐health management: A community‐based randomized controlled study
Authors: Runsen Zhuang , Yueying Xiang , Tieguang Han , Guoan Yang , Yuan Zhang , Li Cao , Minyi Cai
Published: September 2022

Background and Aims

The last decade has witnessed unprecedented growth in mobile phone use. It links millions of previously unconnected people. The ubiquity of mobile phones, which allows for use of the short message service (SMS), offers new and innovative opportunities for disease prevention and health education. SMS usage appears to be a feasible, popular, and effective way of improving health literacy. This study measured the effect of SMS health education on the improvement of health management in Shenzhen, China.

Methods

This was a community‐based randomized controlled study. A total of 32 communities were randomly chosen out of 320, then about 200 participants were randomly sampled from each selected community. The subjects were equally divided into two groups at random. About half of the participants received health intervention messages via Internet‐based SMS for almost a year. The data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistical methods.

Results

The proportion of participants involved in self‐health management increased from 30.92% to 38.68% over the year (χ2 = 42.49, p < 0.001) in the intervention group. People with marginal health literacy reported the highest increase (10.92%), while people with low health literacy reported the smallest (5.25%). The control group showed no difference in baseline and final health management proportions (28.02% and 29.64%, p > 0.05). No statistical difference in the prevalence of chronic disease (15.16% and 13.89%, p > 0.05) was found before and after the intervention in the intervention group. The prevalence in the intervention group was lower after the intervention than it was in the control group (17.33%, χ2 = 14.45, p < 0.001).

Conclusions

SMS may be a powerful tool for improving the public's health literacy and health management because it is widely available, popular, affordable, and instant.
Evaluating the performance of small‐scale irrigation schemes in subhumid Ethiopian highlands
Authors: Belay Agmasie M. , Assefa Tewodros T. , Belay Sisay A. , Yimam Abdu Y.
Published: September 2022

This study was conducted to evaluate the performance of two small‐scale irrigation (SSI) schemes in the subhumid Ethiopian highlands. Water application at the farm level and flow velocity along the main canal were monitored using a Parshall flume and current meter, respectively. The infiltration was measured at the head, middle and tail of the scheme within the command area using a double‐ring infiltrometer. Soil samples were collected using an auger up to 60 cm in depth. Climatic and agronomic data were supplied to the crop water assessment tool (CROPWAT) to determine crop water requirements. The results showed that the average conveyance efficiency for the lined main canal was 90% and 92% for the Mugie and Fesas SSI schemes, respectively. The conveyance efficiency for the unlined main canal was in the order of 86% and 87% for the Mugie and Fesas SSI schemes, respectively. On the other hand, the average application efficiency and overall efficiency were found to be 56% and 51%, respectively, with a storage efficiency of 50% for the Mugie irrigation scheme. Similarly, the overall, application and storage efficiencies were 50%, 54% and 56%, respectively, for the Fesas irrigation scheme. Failure of operating gates, canal siltation and leakage through the main canals were the main causes of poor performance.
Global agricultural value chains and employment growth
Authors: Lim Sunghun , Kim Sie Won
Published: September 2022

This paper provides evidence on the job creation effects in response to the expansion of agricultural global value chains (AGVCs) in agrarian economies. By using a constructed panel data set of 140 countries for the period 19912015, we find that a greater AGVC participation is associated with an increase in agricultural employment growth. We uncover evidence that the positive job creation impact is mainly driven by the processed food sector downstream of GVCs rather than the raw commodity sector upstream of GVCs. We find substantial heterogeneity of impacts that are more pronounced in lower‐middle and high‐income countries than in low‐income countries.
A double Z‐scheme catalyst BiOI/g‐C3N4/Bi2WO6 for enhanced photocatalytic activity
Authors: Duan Yukuan , Liu Lifen
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND

To enhance photocatalyst activity, a Z‐scheme ternary heterojunction of g‐C3N4 and BiOI co‐modified with Bi2WO6 (BiOI/g‐C3N4/Bi2WO6 (BCB)) was prepared. The double Z‐scheme catalyst is advantageous but not well studied for compositing low‐cost g‐C3N4 with Bi‐containing components such as BiOI and Bi2WO6.

RESULTS

For g‐C3N4 and BiOI, we determined the optimal doping ratios of 3 wt% BiOI/10 wt% g‐C3N4 /Bi2WO6. It catalyzed almost complete degradation of (100 mg L−1) rhodamine B (RhB) under visible light irradiation (95% in 20 min and 100% in 30 min), with a significant reaction kinetic constant of 0.245 min−1. The remaining high total organic carbon removal rate of RhB, even after five cycles of the experiment, and the good removal effect for different concentrations of tetracycline (TC) proved the effectiveness of the catalyst.

CONCLUSION

The e−, h+, and ·OH, ·O2− reactive species work together, leading to rapid pollutant degradation. The developed triple‐component double Z‐scheme heterojunction catalyst has promising applications in pollution control. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Long‐term anthropometric development of individuals with inherited metabolic diseases identified by newborn screening
Authors: Mütze Ulrike , Garbade Sven F. , Gleich Florian , Lindner Martin , Freisinger Peter , Hennermann Julia B. , Thimm Eva , Gramer Gwendolyn , Posset Roland , Krämer Johannes , Grünert Sarah C. , Hoffmann Georg F. , Kölker Stefan
Published: September 2022

Newborn screening (NBS) for inherited metabolic diseases (IMDs) substantially shortens a patient's journey. It enables the early start of metabolic treatment which might prevent potentially lethal neonatal disease manifestations, while promoting favorable development and long‐term clinical outcomes. This study aims to assess growth in screened individuals with IMDs under different dietary regimes. Anthropometric data (3585 prospective measures) of 350 screened individuals with IMDs born between 1999 and 2018 and participating in a German prospective multicenter observational study were evaluated. Overall, birth measures were within the reference ranges, suggesting unaffected prenatal growth, except for phenylketonuria (weight) and glutaric aciduria Type 1 (head circumference). After birth, longitudinal analysis of anthropometric measures revealed a loss of height standard deviation score (SDS; −0.5 SDS; p < 0.0001), head circumference SDS (−0.2 SDS; p = 0.0028), but not for weight SDS (0.1 SDS; p = 0.5097) until the age of 18 years, while BMI SDS increased (0.4 SDS; p < 0.0001). The significant interaction with age and diet groups was pronounced for the linear growth in individuals receiving diets being low in protein, long‐chain triglycerides, and galactose (p < 0.001). Identification by NBS and subsequent early (dietary) treatment cannot completely protect against alterations in growths. Disease‐specific (e.g., metabolic impairments, neurotoxins) and dietary‐specific (e.g., diets reduced in protein) factors may have an amplified impact on longitudinal growth. Therefore, alongside other important follow‐ups, the continuous observation of the anthropometric development of screened individuals with IMDs needs special attention to early identify and support individuals at risk.
Positive SARS‐CoV‐2 RT‐qPCR of a nasal swab spot after 30 days of conservation on filter paper at room temperature
Authors: Durand Guillaume André , Amroun Abdennour , Grard Gilda , Badaut Cyril
Published: September 2022

We tested the use of nasal swabs spotted onto filter paper (Whatman 3M) for the molecular diagnosis of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. Spots of a positive nasal swab in conservation medium (B.1.177 strain, 21Ct) were still positive (duo E‐gene/IP4) after 10, 20, and 30 days of conservation at room temperature, with Ct values of 28, 27, and 26, respectively. Direct spotting of the swab at bedside (omicron strain) still gave a positive result after 10 days in two RT‐qPCR systems: 33.7 Ct using duo E‐gene/IP4, and 34.8 using a specific Omicron system. Spotting of a dilution range of media spiked with the Delta (strain 2021/FR/0610, lineage B 1.617.2) and Omicron strains (strain UVE/SARS‐CoV‐2/2021/FR/1514) showed a threshold of 0.04 TCID50 after 10 days of conservation. We show, for the first time, that this simple and low‐cost conservation method can be used to store samples for RT‐qPCR against SARS‐CoV‐2 for up to at least 1 month.
Genetic variation in nitrogen‐use efficiency and its associated traits in dryland winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars released from the 1940s to the 2010s in Shaanxi Province, China
Authors: Lian Huida , Qin Cheng , Yan Minfei , He Zhan , Begum Naheeda , Zhang Suiqi
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND

Improving the nitrogen‐use efficiency (NUE) of wheat can help mitigate the problems of poor soil fertility under dryland conditions. We conducted field experiments using three nitrogen (N) fertilization levels (0, 120, and 180 kg ha−1) applied to eight dryland wheat cultivars to assess NUE and its associated traits.

RESULTS

The grain yield significantly increased with the improvement in variety, mainly as a result of a substantial increase in 1000‐grain weight and harvest index. Modern wheat varieties have stabilized at an optimal plant height and exhibited improved performance in terms of NUE, partial N productivity, N harvest index, and grain protein content compared to older varieties. The NUE of wheat gradually increased with variety replacement. The net photosynthesis rate of the flag leaves in the filling stage improved with the year of cultivar release; Increasing soil–plant analysis development (SPAD) values of flag leaves in the flowering and filling stages were observed over time, with the flag leaves of modern varieties showing a high chlorophyll content in the filling stage. Additionally, the principal component analysis showed that the SPAD value, grain number per unit area, transpiration rate, leaf area, and grain protein content positively contributed to the clustering of the N180 and modern cultivars (from the 2000s to 2010s).

CONCLUSION

Overall, high levels of N application did not significantly improve the NUE of wheat. However, modern wheat varieties can optimize N distribution, increase flag leaf photosynthetic capacity, and improve photosynthesis ability, thus enhancing NUE to achieve high yields under a suitable level of N supply. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Progress in optical adhesive and lamination process of touch screen in 3C products
Authors: Ming Wuyi , Xie Zhuobin , Jiang Zhiwen , Chen Yanyan , Zhang Guojun , Xu Yingjie , He Wenbin
Published: September 2022

Compared with the traditional keyboard and mouse input method, touch screen technique has high convenience for users. With the development of technology, touch screen is widely application in various electronic products because of their high transmittance, clear images, and convenient operation. This review mainly introduces the optical clear adhesive (OCA), liquid optical clear adhesive (LOCA), and the most commonly used LOCA ultra violet (UV)‐curable adhesives. Preparation and performance of UV‐curable adhesives are deeply explored. The structure of touch screen, such as one glass solution (OGS), on‐cell and in‐cell is discussed. Moreover, lamination process includes full lamination and non‐full lamination is also discussed. This review introduces the alignment technique comprise mechanical alignment technique and non‐mechanical alignment technique (such as machine vision) and laminating equipment. The recent development and existing problems with the touch screen lamination process are discussed. Furthermore, this review describes the latest developments in the adhesive of touch screen lamination process and predicts possible future development trends, which could provide references for subsequent research work.
Cultural exploitation or cultural Exchange? The roles of perceived group status and others' psychological investment on reactions to consumption of traditional cultural products
Authors: Finkelstein Stacey R. , Rios Kimberly
Published: September 2022

When do people react negatively versus positively to other groups' adoption of their culture's traditional products? Extending research on social identity theory and cultural appropriation, we predicted that consumers would respond less positively to others' adoption of products from their culture when they felt their ingroup's status was relatively low. In Study 1, Indian participants induced to think of their country as low (vs. high) in status exhibited less positivity toward Westerners' consumption of traditional Indian clothing and evaluated such clothing more negatively themselves; these effects were mediated by reduced perceptions of consumers' psychological investment. In Study 2, we experimentally manipulated perceived psychological investment to further establish causality. Specifically, among racial/ethnic minority participants in the United States, the relationship between low perceived group status and feelings toward cultural appropriation (and, indirectly, evaluations of traditional cultural products) was attenuated when participants recalled instances of others being psychologically invested in the products.
Visible Light Induced High Resolution and Swift 3D Printing System by Halogen Atom Transfer
Authors: Tomal Wiktoria , Kiliclar Huseyin Cem , Fiedor Pawel , Ortyl Joanna , Yagci Yusuf
Published: September 2022

3D printing technology offers solutions for numerous needs in industry and the daily life of individuals. In recent years, most research efforts have focused on this technology as the market share has grown and requirements have become specified in their related fields. In this work, a novel visible light induced 3D printing system with high resolution and short printing time using dimanganese decacarbonyl (Mn2(CO)10) in combination with organic halides is reported. The radicals formed through halogen abstraction by photochemically generated manganese pentacarbonyl from organic halides with high quantum efficiency initiate the polymerization of acrylic resins. The kinetics of the process using various halide‐containing molecules in the photoinitiaiting system are investigated with real‐time fourrier transform infrared spectroscopy and photo‐differential scanning calorimetry analyses, and the characteristics of 3D printouts are presented and compared with that of the commercial photoinitiator, 2,4,6‐trimethylbenzoyl)phosphine oxide without Mn2(CO)10. The results obtained confirm that the combination of Mn2(CO)10 and structurally diverse organic halides is a class of promising 3D system for various applications.
A miniaturized CRLH based SIW leaky‐wave antenna for continuous backward‐to‐forward fast beam scanning with low side lobe levels
Authors: Agarwal Ruchi , Yadava Ram Lal , Das Sushrut
Published: September 2022

In this study, a substrate‐integrated waveguide (SIW)‐based miniaturized leaky‐wave antenna (LWA) with fast beam scanning is proposed. The proposed LWA exhibits composite right/left‐handed (CRLH) property and its unit cell consist of an inverted Z‐shaped slot etched on the top layer of SIW. By sweeping frequency from 9.4 to 11.4 GHz, the proposed CRLH LWA can steer the frequency beam continuously from −40° to 51°, which shows fast beam scanning within the impedance bandwidth (2 GHz) of LWA. The good leakage constant contributes to the miniaturization of the LWA with electrical dimensions of 3.38λ0 × 0.34λ0 mm2. The antenna attains a peak gain of 12.5 dBi with maximum radiation efficiency of 92%. The antenna attains low sidelobe levels below 12 dB; the low sidelobe levels in the LWA are obtained by creating symmetricity in the unit cell around the centerline. The designed LWA is a viable contender for X‐band beam scanning applications.
Laparoscopic posterior vaginal plication plus sacral colpopexy for severe posterior vaginal prolapse: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Morciano Andrea , Ercoli Alfredo , Caliandro Dario , Campagna Giuseppe , Panico Giovanni , Giaquinto Alessia , Zullo Marzio Angelo , Tinelli Andrea , Scambia Giovanni , Marzo Giuseppe , Cervigni Mauro
Published: September 2022

Aim

A randomized clinical trial proposing a new laparoscopic prosthetic and fascial approach to severe posterior vaginal prolapse. The primary endpoint was to evaluate the objective and subjective outcomes of our laparoscopic posterior plication (LPP) combined to “two‐mesh” sacral colpopexy (laparoscopic sacral colpopexy [LSC]) in severe posterior vaginal prolapse, with a 1‐year follow‐up. The secondary endpoint was to evaluate the safety of this surgical procedure.

Methods

This is single‐center prospective randomized double‐blinded clinical trial. A total of 130 consecutive patients with anterior and/or apical pelvic organ prolapse (POP) (POP‐Q stage ≥II) and severe posterior vaginal prolapse (posterior POP‐Q stage ≥III) were prospectively assessed for inclusion into the study from November 2018 to January 2020. Patients underwent “two‐meshes” LSC and were randomized in Group A (LSC plus LPP) and Group A (LSC alone). Of the 130 included subjects, 8 were excluded, not meeting inclusion criteria. Cure rate was evaluated objectively, using POP‐Q study, and subjectively using PGI‐I, POPDI‐6, and FSDS questionnaires. Complications were assessed intra‐, peri‐, and postoperatively. Twelve‐month follow‐ups were analyzed for the study.

Results

We found in LSC plus LPP Group a significant improvement of Ap and genital hiatus POP‐Q points. Our subjective study showed, at 12 months, a statistical difference in PGI‐I successful outcomes rate in favor of LPP. Also the FSDS resulted significantly much more improved in Group A. We observed no statistical differences in terms of postoperative complications.

Conclusions

Our LPP approach to LSC could be considered an effective and safe technique to POP patients with severe posterior prolapse.
Predictors of pulmonary involvement in children with COVID‐19: How strongly associated is viral load?
Authors: Yakut Nurhayat , Yakut Kahraman , Sarihan Zeynep , Kabasakal Irem , Aydin Murat , Karabulut Nuran
Published: September 2022

The purpose of this study was to identify risk factors for pulmonary involvement by examining the demographic, clinical, and laboratory characteristics of children with COVID‐19. We performed a retrospective single‐center study of COVID‐19 in children treated at a tertiary care hospital in Turkey from December 2020 to June 2021. During the course of the study, 126 patients were evaluated, of whom 70/126 were male. The patients' ages ranged from 1 to 216 (mean, 4.73 ± 81.11) months. Fever (65.9%), cough (52.4%), and shortness of breath (18.3%) were the most common symptoms of COVID‐19. Ten patients required noninvasive mechanical ventilation. Sixty‐nine patients (54.8%) had pneumonia. Longer duration of fever, hospitalization, and the presence of cough were significantly associated with pulmonary involvement. Children with pneumonia had significantly higher levels of C‐reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and viral load, and significantly lower counts of lymphocytes and thrombocytes. The cutoff viral load, CRP, and procalcitonin values for predicting pulmonary involvement were 26.5 cycle threshold (Ct; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.54–0.74; sensitivity, 0.65; specificity, 0.56; area under curve [AUC]: 0.647, p = 0.005), 7.85 mg/L (95% CI, 0.56–0.75; sensitivity, 0.66; specificity, 0.64; AUC = 0.656; p = 0.003) and 0.105 ng/ml (95% CI, 0.52–0.72; sensitivity, 0.55; specificity, 0.58; AUC = 0.626; p = 0.02), respectively. High CRP, procalcitonin levels, ESR, and viral load, and low lymphocyte and thrombocyte counts can predict pulmonary involvement in children with COVID‐19, so better management may be provided for good prognosis.
Quercetin alleviates ethanol‐induced hepatic steatosis in L02 cells by activating TFEB translocation to compensate for inadequate autophagy
Authors: Zhao Xingtao , Xue Xinyan , Wang Jing , Dai Shu , Peng Cheng , Li Yunxia
Published: September 2022

This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect of quercetin on ethanol‐induced hepatic steatosis in L02 cells and elucidate the potential mechanism. In brief, L02 cells were pretreated with or without ethanol (3%) for 24 h, then treated quercetin (80, 40, 20 μM) for 24 h. The transfection procedure was performed with transcription factor EB (TFEB) small interfering RNA (siRNA TFEB) for 24 h. Our results showed that quercetin autophagic flux in the L02 cells, via upregulating of microtubule associated protein light chain 3B (LC3‐II) and lysosome‐associated membrane protein 1 (LAMP1), then downregulating of protein sequestosome 1 (SQSTM1/p62). Mechanistically, quercetin activated TFEB nuclear translocation, contributing to lysosomal biogenesis and autophagic activation. Accordingly, the genetic inhibition of TFEB‐dependent autophagy decreased ethanol‐induced fat accumulation in L02 cells via regulating fatty acid β oxidation and lipid synthesis. Subsequently, quercetin‐induced TFEB‐dependent autophagic activation was also linked to inhibit oxidative stress via suppressing reactive oxygen species (ROS), enhancing activities of antioxidant enzymes, and promoting nuclear transfer of the nuclear factor E2‐related factor 2 (Nrf2) translocation. Thus, we uncovered a novel protective mechanism against ethanol‐induced hepatic steatosis and oxidative stress through TFEB‐mediated lysosomal biogenesis and discovered insufficient autophagy as a novel previously unappreciated autophagic flux.
Insulin‐like peptide 3 in domestic animals with normal and abnormal reproductive functions, in comparison to rodents and humans
Authors: Kawate Noritoshi
Published: September 2022

Background

Insulin‐like peptide 3 (INSL3) is a circulating hormone secreted from only testis and ovaries in mammals. Findings on INSL3 have been gathered from subjects with normal and abnormal reproductive statuses, especially rodents and humans. However, little to no review articles focusing on INSL3 in domestic animals exist.

Methods

The author reviewed the past and recent literature regarding the structure, expression, roles of INSL3 in the reproductive organs, and its circulation under normal and aberrant reproductive conditions in domestic animals in comparison with rodents and humans.

Main findings

As with humans and rodents, blood INSL3 concentrations rise around puberty in normal male domestic animals and are associated with testicular size. INSL3 levels are acutely upregulated by luteinizing hormone (LH), and the increase is smaller than that of testosterone in male ruminants, whereas the acute regulation of INSL3 by LH does not occur in human men. Dogs with cryptorchidism and bulls with abnormal semen have lowered INSL3 levels.

Conclusion

The findings regarding INSL3 secretions in male domestic animals with normal and aberrant reproductive functions illustrate similar or dissimilar points to humans and rodents. Data on blood INSL3 levels in normal and abnormal female domestic species are still limited and require further investigation.
Understanding the socio‐economic impacts of climate change on riparian communities in Bangladesh
Authors: Leal Filho Walter , Wolf Franziska , Abubakar Ismaila Rimi , Al‐Amin Abul Quasem , Roy Sajal , Malakar Krishna , Alam G. M. Monirul , Sarker Muhammad Nazirul Islam
Published: September 2022

Riparian communities in developing countries such as Bangladesh, whose livelihoods depend especially on fisheries and other subsistence activities, are under considerable pressure due to climate change. Therefore, there is a need to better understand how the dynamics of riparian communities are influenced by climate change and how its impacts can be assessed. Using Bangladesh as an example, this paper describes the various climate stressors affecting riparian communities and their socio‐economic impacts, and it outlines some measures needed to increase their resilience to a changing climate. The results show that riparian communities are not only quite vulnerable to the impacts of climate change but also have a rather low level of resilience. This challenge can, at least in part, be attributed to their fragile living conditions, which intensify the socio‐economic impacts of extreme events. One lesson from the paper is that handling climate‐induced risks in riparian communities requires implementing strategic measures to improve local climate and livelihood resilience, such as effective public health infrastructure and a resilient built environment. Win‐win scenarios comprise strategies that offer multiple benefits including better water storage, flood control, and improved riparian habitats.
Potential of Dual Drug Delivery Systems: MOF as Hybrid Nanocarrier for Dual Drug Delivery in Cancer Treatment
Authors: Singh Ragini , Prasad Amrita , Kumar Binayak , Kumari Soni , Sahu Ram Krishna , Hedau Suresh T.
Published: September 2022

Synergistic action of combination therapy can be enhanced by appropriate selection of drugs combination that might reduce the likelihood acquired resistance to chemotherapy in cancer. Nano based formulations offer a parallel opportunity to design advance combination drug delivery systems with specific internal and external stimulus. In recent years, there has been a lot of interest in the study of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) for biomedical applications. Because of their extraordinary chemical properties such as tunable porous structure with high surface area MOFs are an infancy material used in drug delivery systems as a nacarrier. MOFs are regarded as a promising class of nanocarriers for drug delivery owing to well‐defined structure, ultrahigh surface area and porosity, tunable pore size, and easy chemical functionalization. Herein we summarize the most recent progress in stimuli‐based dual drug‐delivery systems including inorganic and organic nanocarriers. Moreover, we have highlighted the specific stimuli responsive nano‐MOFs as dual drug delivery systems, which offer a fresh perspective for development of hybrid nanocarrier to overcome the drawbacks of pure organic and inorganic carriers, such as toxicity, lower payload capacity and burst effect.
A Fluorescent Polymer Coated Sensor Chip for Mercury Ion (Hg2+) Determination in Lake Water
Authors: Muhammad Imran , Muhammad Turghun , Hoji Amina , Imerhasan Mukhtar , Adnan
Published: September 2022

Novel dansyl chloride‐based fluorescent polymer‐coated chips (PCFCs) were designed and developed via polymerization of 2‐(5‐(dimethylamino) naphthalen‐1‐ylsulfonyloxy)ethyl methacrylate (DNS‐EMA) on the surface of a 3‐(trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate (MPS) modified glass slide with a supporting membrane. The chemical linkage of DNS‐EMA on PCFC surface was verified by 1H‐NMR, IR, and fluorescence measurements. Particularly, the optimized fluorescent polymer‐coated chip (PCFC6) in 1/1 (v/v) acetonitrile /water exhibited higher sensitivity toward Hg2+ than the other tested metal ions at concentrations ranging from 1.66 μmol/L to 50.6 μmol/L with R2=0.9923. Interestingly, PCFC6 is water‐compatible, photostable and exhibits good selectivity to Hg2+ even at low concentrations compared to other representative metal cations with 89.2‐109.9 % recoveries.
Effect of NaY Zeolite at Different Calcination Temperatures on the Activity in Hydroformylation of Formaldehyde
Authors: Guo Xiaxin , Qiao Luyang , Zong Shanshan , Ye Runping , He Yuntao , Cheng Jiankai , Cao Xinyi , Zhou Zhangfeng , Yao Yuangen
Published: September 2022

The NaY zeolites were prepared by hydrothermal synthesis method. The influence of NaY zeolite calcined at different temperatures as carriers for Rh/NaY catalysts on the hydroformylation of formaldehyde was investigated. The physical and chemical properties of Rh/NaY catalysts and their performance were characterized in details. When the zeolites were calcined at 400–700 °C, the crystal structure and morphology were kept unchanged within this range of calcination temperature. However, the surface crystallinity and surface area were reduced with increasing the temperature due to the partially collapsed of its framework, and thus reducing the confine of cages structure to rhodium species promote its participation in the coordination reaction. The reduction in the amount of surface Lewis acid can reduce the electronegativity of the carrier and change the electronic state of the surface rhodium species, which would weaken the hindrance to anionic speciation and promote CO insertion, which facilitates the hydroformylation of formaldehyde.
Designing of Thiazolidinones for COVID‐19 and its Allied Diseases: An In silico Evaluation
Authors: Raza Muhammad Asam , Farwa Umme , Ain Nida Qurat Ul , Ishaque Fatima , Yaseen Muhammad , Naveed Muhammad , Shabbir Muhammad Aqib
Published: September 2022

In silico studies in terms of density functional theory (DFT), molecular docking, and ADMET (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity) were performed for 55 thiazolidinones compounds derived from different amines and aldehydes. DFT is a computational quantum mechanical modeling method used to predict the various properties of the compounds. Different parameters such as Electronegativity (x), Chemical Hardness (ŋ), Chemical Potential (μ), Ionization potential (IP), and Electron Affinity (EA), etc. were calculated by Koopmans theorem. The compounds were docked with Molecular Operating Environment (MOE) software using already reported PDB files of BChE, AChE, and α‐glucosidase. To analyze the Spike Glycoprotein of SARS‐Cov‐2 and heterocyclic compounds, molecular interactions study was carried out between Spike Glycoprotein of SARS‐Cov‐2 (6VXX) and 55 synthetic heterocyclic compounds. It was performed by the utilization of PyRx Virtual Screening Tool and AutoDock Vina based virtual environment was used in PyRx. Maximum binding affinity was observed with compound A7 which was −8.7 kcal/mol and then with A5 which was −8.5 respectively. In the case of the AChE enzyme, B5 has a maximum docking score of −12.9027 kcal/mol while C7 depicted the maximum score for the BChE enzyme with a value of −8.6971 kcal/mol. The docking studies revealed that C6 compound has maximum binding capacity toward glucosidase (−14.8735 kcal/mol). ADMET properties of under consideration compounds were determined by Swiss online‐based software which concluded that these molecules have a drug‐like properties and having no violation.
High‐performance ORR Catalyst of N‐doping Carbon‐coated Cobalt Nanoparticles Synthesized by DC Arc Plasma
Authors: Li Shaopeng , Miao Wenfang , Lv Enmin , Cao Xingru , Li Xiyang , Zhang Xuefeng , Yu Hongtao , Dong Xinglong
Published: September 2022

It is necessary to develop the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalysts with aid to promote sluggish electrochemical kinetics in some energy conversion systems, e. g. fuel cells or metal‐air cells. Cobalt‐nitrogen‐carbon catalysts get a lot of attention owing to their excellent ORR performance, durability and lower cost. In this study, the physical vapor condensation route of DC arc plasma was developed to prepare the carbon‐coated cobalt nanoparticles (Co@C NPs) as a prime precursor, which was then suffered from a N‐doping process to harvest the Co@C(N) NPs catalyst materials. The synthesized Co@C(N) NPs exhibit excellent ORR catalytic performances with overt merits, such as lower cost, easy preparation, high‐yield, with respect to the precious metal catalysts. It is indicated that the Co@C(N) catalysts show a higher onset potential (E onset) of 0.99 V (vs. RHE), the limiting current density (J m) of 4.99 mA cm−2, and the excellent durability with only 10 mV of negative shift generated in the half wave potential (E1/2) after 5000 cycles. Synergistic effect between the Co core of Co@C(N) nanoparticles and the active N‐containing sites in carbon layers is responsible for the enhanced catalytic performance, meanwhile the unique core‐shell nanostructure can also effectively protect the catalyst from deterioration in work. The N‐doping carbon‐coated Co@C(N) nanoparticles synthesized by DC arc plasma technique becomes a new strategy for development of non‐noble metal electrocatalysts.
MWCNT Buckypaper as Electrochemical Sensing Platform: A Rapid Detection Technology for Phthalic Acid Esters in Solutions*
Authors: Abeysinghe Hansini , Wickramasinghe Gimhani , Perera Susira , Etampawala Thusitha
Published: September 2022

Phthalic Acid Esters (PAEs) are a well‐known ubiquitous environmental pollutant that holds a significant threat to human health. Despite their harmful effects, the constant use of PAEs in producing flexible plastic products has awakened society‘s great concern, especially with their ability to leach, migrate, or evaporate from plastics to the surrounding. Therefore, rapid and easy monitoring of the PAEs presence in different environments is crucial. This study introduces a rapid PAE detection technique that shows potential for overcoming the limitations of already existing PAE detecting methods. This novel PAE sensing platform (buckypaper) is developed using highly conducting Multi‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNT). The buckypaper adsorbs PAEs in solutions and decreases its conductivity. This conductivity decrement is detected using the Nyquist and Bode plots obtain from three‐electrode Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) analysis. This novel method has shown that it has the potential to distinguish DEHP (di‐(2‐ethylhexyl) phthalate), DPHP (di‐(2‐propylheptyl) phthalate), and DnOP (di‐octyl phthalate) from other aromatic molecules such as toluene, xylene, naphthalene, and bisphenol‐A. Moreover, the developed buckypaper is sensitive down to 1000 (v/v) ppm concentrated PAEs in methanol solutions at room temperature, which exhibits the potential of using this platform as an in‐situ and real‐time PAE detecting sensor.