bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
GAMBARANPENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP REMAJA TENTANG HIV/AIDS DI PONDOK PESANTREN ASSULAMI LOMBOK BARAT
Authors: Suprayitna Marthilda , Fatmawati Baiq Ruli , Albayani Melati Inayati
Published: December 2022

HIV stands for Human Immuno deficiency Virus, which is a virus that can weaken immunity on humans. Meanwhile, AIDS stands for Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome, which is a collection of symptoms and infections or commonly called syndromes caused by damage to the human immune system due to the HIV virus. HIV / AIDS is a sexually transmitted disease that can causes of death. Adolescents are risk group for HIV / AIDS transmission. Proper knowledge on disease will help them to take prevention efforts. Adolescents promiscuity is a indicator that can transmit the disease. The aim of this research was to identify an overview of adolescent knowledge on HIV / AIDS. The research method used in this research was descriptive research. The populations of this research were 134 students, samples of the research were 57 people. The sampling technique used in this research was random sampling, Instrument of data collection used in this research was questionnaire. This research conducted at Assulamy Langko Islamic Boarding School, West Lombok. The results of this research obtained that more than 30 respondents were female (53%) and 27 respondents (42%) were male. The knowledge of students on HIV / AIDS was 44 respondents (77%) with sufficient criteria, and 13 respondents (23%) were lacking. It can be concluded that the knowledge of adolescents on HIV / AIDS in Assulamy Langko Islamic Boarding School is sufficient. Adolescents have good enough knowledge, but it needs to be considered and improved through providing health education related to HIV / AIDS
PENGARUH KOMPRES HANGAT JAHE MERAH TERHADAP SKALA NYERI LANSIA OSTEOARTHRITIS DI BALAI SOSIAL LANJUT USIA MANDALIKA MATARAM
Authors: Istianah Istianah , Lestari Windi Kurnia , Hapipah Hapipah , Supriyadi Supriyadi , Hidayati Nurul , Rusiana Harlina Putri
Published: December 2022

Osteoarthritis is a disorder deseaseof the joint that cause the decrease of join motion. Pain is amajor problem in osteoarthritis patients, so the management of this disease focuses on efforts to resolve or recover from the pain. Giving a red ginger compress is an alternative to reduce joint pain in elderly who suspect of osteoarthritis. This research was conducted at BalaiSoaialLanjutUsia( BSLU )MandalikaMataram. The research design used in this research was experimental observational with one group pretest-posttest. The sampling technique used purposive sampling with a sample quantity of 14 respondents and the data collection tool in this study was the observation sheet.Data were analyzed by univariate and bivariate. The Wilcoxon test results obtained a value of 0.001 (p value <0.05). It can be concluded that the warm red ginger compress has an effect on reducing the pain scale in the elderly with osteoarthritis. It is hoped that the results of this study can be disseminated by providing counseling to the community where warm red ginger compresses can be used as a non-pharmacological technique to reduce pain in elderly people with osteoarthritis so that it can improve health services
FDI and Technological Development in Brazil: A New Regulatory Framework?
Authors: Ragazzo Carlos , Jaroslavsky Rafaella Schwartz
Published: December 2022

This paper analyses newly regulatory moves towards Foreign Direct Investment – FDI in Brazil. For that purpose, this paper explores the key economic rationale for regulating FDI and provides a legal baseline based on relevant FDI screening regimes already in force in mature jurisdictions. Later, this paper presents a brief assessment of the current Brazilian regulatory and governance scenario relating to FDI control, to demonstrate potential deficiencies that could emerge due to the lack of a structured FDI screening in the country, particularly the absence of quality control of FDI targeted to certain key areas, as well as risks of high political interference, which could generate undesirable effects on the country’s technological development and increase its level of dependence on technology developers.
The Historical Debt: The Elusive Agrarian Jurisdiction in Colombia
Authors: Morato Natalia Ruiz
Published: December 2022

This study reviews the past, present, and future of agrarian jurisdiction in the context of the agrarian reforms in Colombia with a focus on violent conflicts in rural areas. The methodology used is that of a multi-method case study and legal historic analysis. The study shows how, without an agrarian jurisdiction, the Colombian legal system faces a crisis of legitimacy, lacks effectiveness, and creates new interethnic rural conflicts. The study also evaluates the country’s recent legislative proposal in the light of constitutional law, the stated goals of the 2016 Peace Agreement, the Sustainable Development Goals and the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Peasants (UNDROP). It offers recommendations on how to enforce the rule of law in agrarian issues, in order to overcome systematic violations of human, economic, social, and environmental rights of vulnerable rural populations: recommendations to be taken into consideration by the legal community and the international partners of the country’s comprehensive agrarian reform program.
Die Captive
Authors: Tremurici Coco Mercedes
Published: December 2022

Die Arbeit beleuchtet unternehmenseigene Versicherungsunternehmen (auch bezeichnet als sog. Captives, kurz für Captive Insurance Companies) aus verschiedenen Perspektiven. Captives sind bei international tätigen Unternehmen weit verbreitet. Eine Captive versichert im Wesentlichen die Risiken konzernzugehöriger Gesellschaften.

Die Autorin wendet sich gleich mehreren praxisrelevanten Rechtsfragen in Bezug auf Captives zu, darunter unter anderem: die grundsätzliche Unterscheidung von Eigendeckung, Selbstversicherung und konventioneller Versicherung und der Rolle der Captive in ihren verschiedenen Ausprägungen dazu; die versicherungsaufsichtsrechtliche Behandlung von Captives, die nicht nur ausschließlich Risiken der eigenen Unternehmensgruppe, sondern auch gruppenfremde Risiken versichern; die Notwendigkeit aufsichtsrechtlicher Vereinfachungen für Captives – insbesondere nach Umsetzung der Solvency II-Richtlinie 2009138/EG; die Auswirkungen des Solvency II-Reviews auf Captives und die Frage nach (europaweit) einheitlicher Anwendung des Proportionalitätsgrundsatzes.

In der Beantwortung dieser und weiterer Fragen betritt die Autorin überwiegend rechtswissenschaftliches Neuland, was der Thematik eine besondere Aufregung verleiht.

Die Arbeit richtet sich gleichermaßen an Wissenschaft und Praxis, insbesondere an Rechtsanwält:innen, die sich mit innovativen Versicherungslösungen für Unternehmen beschäftigen sowie an Jurist:innen, die in den Rechtsabteilungen von Versicherern oder international agierenden Unternehmen tätig sind.
The Role of the State in Child Protection in Hungary during the Period of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy
Authors: Kovács-Szépvölgyi Enikő
Published: December 2022

The complex, multi-jurisdictional regulation of child protection in Hungary, coordinating the activities of the competent bodies in this field, emerged during the period of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy (1867–1918). Legislation reflected the change in the way childhood were perceived, recognising that children need additional protection in accordance with their age-related physical and psychological characteristics. In the narrower framework of child protection, administrative child protection dealt with children who had been declared abandoned by the authorities, while judicial child protection dealt with juveniles and children who had been debauched. The two areas were in some ways linked, the legislator’s aim was to ensure cooperation between the public administration and the justice system for the protection of children.
Questions of Judicial Interpretation of Certain Felonies in the Trial of the People’s Commissioners of the Soviet Republic of Hungary
Authors: Bendegúz Borisz
Published: December 2022

Following the fall of the Soviet Republic of Hungary, the criminal prosecution of the political leaders of the former Bolshevik state confronted the courts of the country with a number of problematic questions on the interpretation of both constitutional and criminal law. From a constitutional perspective, establishing the applicable law under which the actions of the defendants would be evaluated was not obvious as the validity of both the Soviet Republic and that of the previous so-called People’s Republic of Hungary were dubious. From a criminal perspective – as at the time being criminal codes lacked specific crimes for the prosecution of political leaders of past dictatorships. Therefore, prosecutors and adjudicating courts tried to evaluate political actions committed using state power as if these would have been committed by private individuals which raised a number of interesting legal problems of interpretation.
Historical Traces of Moral Rights in Common Law
Authors: Hron Igor
Published: December 2022

The paper aims to track the traces of moral rights in common law, since it is a usual misconception that common law system of copyright protection is incompatible with the moral rights and the rights were consequently adopted to formally satisfy the international legal framework. The paper firstly outlines the regulatory context in which the rights comparable to continental jurisdictions had the chance to be acknowledged. Then it proceeds to an analysis of doctrinal sources as well as case-law of the highest judicial authorities that have touched upon these questions and developed comparable solutions to the jurisdictions traditionally protecting moral rights.
Austria and Artistic Freedom: A Troubled History?
Authors: Gollob Bernhard
Published: December 2022

Austria perceives itself as “cultural superpower”. Therefore, it seems fairly surprising that an own fundamental rights provision to protect the arts was positivised only in 1982. The socio-political situation in the perished Austrian Empire and the Weimar Constitution had a decisive impact on attempts to adopt a corresponding provision after World War One. Following the horrors of World War Two, the young Second Republic of Austria used arts and culture as tool to draw the picture of a peace-loving “Kulturnation” sui generis. In the following years a significant cleavage between the Austrian self-perception and the legal-political reality can be observed (also) in regard to Artistic Freedom. Neither Austria’s authoritarian past nor its Nazi past and related crimes had a significant impact on the legislative process.
De aquella manera tiene su aquel : emergencia de un "marcador aproximativo" en el español del siglo XXI
Authors: Barrio de la Rosa Florencio del
Published: December 2022

El presente trabajo analiza la locución adverbial de aquella manera como "marcador aproximativo" en el español del siglo XXI. El desarrollo de esta locución se amolda a los subprocesos de la gramaticalización tradicional, pero plantea, al mismo tiempo, una serie de problemas teóricos concernientes el punto de partida del cambio. El principal de ellos consiste en la transformación de un elemento gramatical (el demostrativo aquel) en (una parte de) una pieza léxica, con lo que su estudio permitirá indagar en la incidencia de un fenómeno como la deixis en los procesos de gramaticalización. Los datos se obtienen de corpus del español del tercer milenio de ámbito escrito y oral. El trabajo, por lo tanto, ha de considerarse una primera descripción de un elemento candidato a formar parte del catálogo de rasgos definitorios del español del tercer milenio.
Le verbal et le paraverbal dans le théâtre d'Arthur Adamov
Authors: Kristeva Irena
Published: December 2022

Cette étude est focalisée sur l'écriture scénique d'Arthur Adamov, telle qu'elle se présente dans un corpus constitué de quatre pièces : La Parodie, L'Invasion, La grande et la petite manœuvre, Tous contre tous. À partir de l'analyse du discours des personnages, révélateur de leurs névroses individuelles, en passant par l'incommunicabilité comme un symptôme de leur malaise existentiel, elle cherche à démontrer la parité du verbal et du paraverbal dans la dramaturgie adamovienne. L'objectif est de prouver que, dans ce projet de spectacle total, la polysémie du représenté connote un monde absurde ; que l'absurdité de la condition humaine est reprise pour mettre en évidence les tourments intérieurs d'un être désorienté, désemparé, disloqué ; que la déthéâtralisation inaugure la déterritorialisation d'un théâtre poreux et protéiforme.
Быть или не быть: от полнозначности к нулю : проблема связки в современной теории русского синтаксиса
Authors: Novozhenova Zoya
Published: December 2022

In the article the author examines one of the central problems of the Russian syntax – the problem of the copula. The point is made, that the comparative analysis of syntax in Slavonic languages conducted by R. Mrazek allowed him to call neutralizing or absence of the verbal predicate in the sentence the distinctive feature of Russian sentence. In the article the author describes different aspects of the problem: the list of copulas, their functions in the sentence, their meanings and roles in organizing of the structure and shaping of the semantics of the sentence. The author states, that diversity of the approaches to the copula is determined by multidiversional nature of the verbal component in the sentence. The verb can perform different functions in the sentence: propositional, predicative, copulative and/or predictive function, thus it can play the role of the predicate, modifier, explicator, compensator, complicator and/or copula. Contemporary understanding of the copula is given with syntactic tradition in the background.
Н. И. Греч и его время в "Записках о моей жизни"
Authors: Ilchenko Natalya Mikhaylovna
Published: December 2022

Николай Иванович Греч — один из самых влиятельных писателей историко-литературного процесса первой половины XIX века, нуждающийся в возвращении объективной оценки своей жизненной позиции и творчества. В статье рассматриваются мемуарные "Записки о моей жизни" Н. И. Греча, в которых создан запоминающийся образ времени рубежа XVIII–XIX вв. Показаны события, свидетелем и участником которых он был, особое внимание уделяется отношению писателя к восстанию на Сенатской площади 1825 года как "глупо-кровавой затее". Данный подход позволяет показать причины, сделавшие уважаемого издателя первого патриотического журнала "Сын Отечества", педагога, автора нескольких учебников по грамматике русского языка, талантливого писателя трагической фигурой в истории русской литературы и общественной мысли.
Печорин и женские персонажи в "Герое нашего времени" Лермонтова : метаморфозы эроса
Authors: Krivonos Vladislav Shaevich
Published: December 2022

В статье рассматриваются метаморфозы эроса в различных сюжетных эпизодах и ситуациях, в которых действуют и проявляют себя герой романа и попавшие в его орбиту женские персонажи. Изучается роль эроса в системе событи и в саморефлексии и рефлексии Печорина, раскрывающих его отношение к происходящему. Женские персонажи, как показано в статье, служат персонификацией различных обличий эроса. Метаморфозы эроса позволяют ему, как отмечает автор, принять форму чувственного влечения, эротического наваждения или эротической игры, наконец, понимающей любви, которая его преображает. В статье раскрывается влияние эроса на ход той или иной рассказанной истории. Эрос также накладывает свой отпечаток на судьбу Печорина, со всеми ее непредсказуемыми поворотами. Все это определяет, согласно выводам автора, особое место, которое занимают различные формы эроса и эрос как таковой в смысловом пространстве "Героя нашего времение".
LOOKİNG AT “DESIGN and DESIGNER” FROM a CULTURAL POINT of VIEW
Authors: ARDATÜRK Ahmet Şadi
Published: December 2022

Design is a phenomenon encompassing multiple fields such as culture, technique, art, and sociology. The design, which constitutes a kind of buffer zone due to its position, exists in direct and indirect relations with the ipseity of life. In a multidisciplinary structure, the organization of inputs from each different field is one of the core elements at the heart of design. The designed object, on the other hand, is an entity emerging from the combination of culture and technique in terms of providing an aesthetic and ergonomic solution to the existing need and having the potency to shape the way of living and habit. The paradigms used in design fall outside the zeitgeist when created solely based on conventional data and pre-existing knowledge. The needs and culture that move alongside time also form the essence of culture. This formation, in fact, is a depiction of the way of life. The shaped environment, again, involves movement whether with places or metas; it evolves and changes with a dynamic nature. The design is also a phenomenon that shares this dynamism in the most basic sense and takes form within its own timeframe. The ability to use this dynamic nature either in a negative or positive direction finds existence under the responsibility of the designer. The design-related core that is created by the culture, once again, reaches a point where it creates the culture.

The purpose of this study is to interpret the role of the contemporary design object in our reality by discussing sections from the definitions of metas as well as from the meanings attributed to their social cores and contents within the design process from industrial production to our present day. In this regard, the study discusses the relevance and relation of the design to the concepts of culture, consumption, and meta. Moreover, based on the formation of the 21st-century modern world, this interpretation process provides an insight into the place where the design and designer stand and should stand.
YATAY KESİT BAĞIMLILIĞI ALTINDA FİNANSAL GELİŞME VE EKONOMİK BÜYÜME: D-8 ÜLKELERİ ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: ATILGAN Dilek , İSPİR Tuba
Published: December 2022

Finansal küreselleşmenin 1980’li yıllarda hız kazanması ile birlikte finansal piyasalar ve ekonomik büyüme arasındaki ilişkinin araştırılması önemli hale gelmiştir. Özellikle ülkelerin sürdürülebilir bir ekonomik büyüme yakalaması noktasında finansal sistemler araştırılması gereken konuların başında gelmektedir. Bu doğrultuda çalışma, 1980-2019 dönemi için D-8 ülkelerinde finansal gelişmenin ekonomik büyüme üzerindeki ilişkisini araştırmayı amaçlamaktadır. Analizlerde, “yatay kesit bağımlılığını dikkate alan Westerlund ve Edgerton (2007)’un LM panel eşbütünleşme ve eşbütünleşme katsayıları Pesaran (2006) tarafından geliştirilen Common Corelated Effect” (CCE)” tahmincisi kullanılmıştır. Panel geneli bulgular, D-8 ülkelerinde finansal gelişmenin ekonomik büyüme üzerindeki etkisinin istatiksel olarak anlamlı olduğu yönündedir. Ülke bazında sonuçlar, Türkiye, Nijerya, Mısır, Endonezya, İran, Malezya ve Bangladeş’te finansal gelişmedeki %1’lik bir artışın ekonomik büyümeyi yaklaşık olarak sırasıyla, %0.59, %1.57, %0.44, %0.30, %0.95, %1.08 ve %0.49 arttırdığını göstermektedir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, uzun dönemde söz konusu ülkelerin finansal sistemlerini geliştirerek büyüme oranlarını hızlandırabilecekleri vurgulanmaktadır.
The Feasibility of STAD Model Learning Devices Assisted by Flipbooks on Materials Structure and Function of Plants for Class VIII
Authors: Ariani Dita , Ningsih Kurnia , Afandi Afandi
Published: December 2022

This study aims to determine the validity and reliability of the development of learning tools using the STAD model assisted by flipbooks. This study uses the Borg & Gall development model with the following stages: potential and problems, data collection, product design, design validation, and design revision. The validation of the learning device was measured using a validation sheet. The data obtained were analyzed using the Aiken's V formula with a minimum value of 0.78 for 6 validators. The results of the validation of learning devices were declared valid with the average acquisition of Aiken's V calculations in the lesson plan of 0.91, flipbook media of 0.88, LKPD of 0.88, and evaluation questions of 0.90. The reliability of the learning device was tested using the ICC (Interclass Correlation Coeficient) test with SPSS Version 25 software, the results obtained from the reliability of the lesson plan of 0.778 included in the good category, while the reliability value for flipbook media obtained results of 0.537, LKPD of 0.565, and evaluation questions of 0.626 is included in the medium category. It is hoped that this learning device can be tested by the next researcher.
Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa Pada Pembelajaran Operasi Hitung Bilangan Bulat Menggunakan Model Kooperatif Tipe STAD
Authors: Nuryati
Published: December 2022

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan tujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran Matematika dengan menggunakan model Kooperatif Tipe Stad pada kelas VI SDN.236/IX Aur Duri II Muaro Jambi. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK). Desain PTK menggunakan model Kemmis dan Taggart yang meliputi perencanaan, tindakan dan observasi, serta refleksi. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, angket, dan tes. Analisis data yang digunakan statistik deskriptif kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Subjeknya adalah siswa kelas VI SDN.236/IX Aur Duri II Muaro Jambi yang berjumlah 14 siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya peningkatan persentase hasil belajar, hal ini dapat dilihat dari ketuntasan KKM siswa dari kegiatan pratindakan dan setiap siklus, yaitu pada pra tindakan sebesar 46%, pada siklus I sebesar 57,14% tingkat keberhasilan, kemudian dilaksanakan tindakan kembali dan meningkat menjadi 71% di siklus II. Namun karena hal ini masih belum mencukupi tingkat keberhasilan, maka dari itu dilaksanakan lah siklus III yang memperoleh hasil 85.71%. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan model Kooperatif Tipe Stad dalam pembelajaran MTK dapat meningkatkan  hasil belajar siswa.
ANALYSIS OF FACTORS AFFECTING THE LEVEL OF KNOWLEDGE OF WUS ABOUT HIGH RISK IN PREGNANCY
Authors: Muhida Vega
Published: December 2022

Background: Every pregnant woman has the potential for danger during pregnancy, childbirth, and postpartum. Until now, in all parts of the world, high-risk pregnancies are still a problem in health services, especially in developing countries. In Indonesia, the MMR decreased during the period 1991-2015 from 390 to 305 per 100,000 live births. However, this achievement is still far from the MDGs target of 102 per 100,000 live births. Until 2015 the target of the MDGs has not been achieved. While the target for the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the MMR target is 70 per 100,000 live births in 2030. In relation to high-risk pregnancies, at the Kramatwatu Health Center there were 739 high-risk pregnancies found in 2021, while in the village of Pejaten, there are still many women of childbearing age who are pregnant or give birth at a risky age of 83. From these conditions, complications can result from high-risk pregnancies such as miscarriage, premature birth, genetic disorders and death. This can occur due to lack of knowledge about high-risk pregnancies. This research method is descriptive research with cross sectional or cross sectional design. This research was conducted in Pejaten Village, Kramatwatu Serang Banten. The research sample was taken by purposive sampling. Primary data collection was carried out using a questionnaire containing 25 questions filled out by respondents. In addition, the research output will be published in the Poltekkes journal (Jurnal of Applied Health). More than half (58.3%) of respondents still have less knowledge about high risk in pregnancy. Factors Age, education, occupation, history of pregnancy and sources of information related to the level of knowledge of wus about high risk in pregnancy.

This research can help provide information to develop new strategies that are more appropriate in an effort to reduce high risk in pregnancy in the Kramatwatu Health Center area, especially in Pejaten village.
SÜRDÜRÜLEBİLİRLİK MUHASEBESİ VE KARBON MUHASEBESİ ÇALIŞMALARININ BİBLİYOMETRİK ANALİZİ
Authors: CAN Esin Nesrin , ÖZARI Çiğdem
Published: December 2022

Yapılan çalışmanın ana amacı, son yıllarda öne çıkan sürdürülebilirlik muhasebesi ve karbon muhasebesi kavramları ile ilgili bilimsel yayınların bibliyometrik göstergeler açısından incelenmesidir. Bu kavramlarla ilgili Web of Science veri tabanında 1991 ile 2022 yılları arasında taranan yayınlar, makale sayıları, atıf sayıları, en çok yayın yapan ülkeler ve en etkin yazarlar bibliyometrik göstergeler kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Bu çalışma ile Ülkemizin belirtilen alan ile ilgili literatürdeki etkinliği de değerlendirilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgularda, bu alanda yapılan çalışmalarda ABD’nin ve Avusturalya’nın sırasıyla dünya çapında önde gelen ülkeler olduğu görülmektedir. Araştırma kapsamında değerlendirilen çalışmalarda makalelere yapılan atıfların dergilere dağılımının Bradford Yasası'na uyumlu olduğu, yazar verimliliğinin ise Lotka Yasası'na uyumlu olmadığı anlaşılmıştır.
RANCANG BANGUN MESIN PENGAYAK PASIR OTOMATIS
Authors: Polonia Betti Ses Eka , Helanianto Helanianto , Kurniawan Hendri
Published: December 2022

Pasir adalah material yang penting dalam bidang konstruksi bangunan, baik untuk bangunan rumah tempat tinggal, tempat ibadah, perkantoran, maupun gedung sarana pendidikan serta bangunan lainnya. Material pasir pada umumnya terdiri dari pasir yang masih bercampur dengan kerikil dan batu. Mesin pengayak pasir otomatis untuk mempermudah memisahkan kerikil batuan dari pasir. Tujuan dari pembuatan mesin pengayak pasir otomatis adalah untuk mendapatkan hasil penyaringan pasir dengan kualitas lebih bagus dan bersih. Mesin pengayak pasir ini di buat untuk mencegah masuknya kerikil dalam proses pengayakan. Selain itu, proses pengayakan pasir ini dapat lebih jadi efisien dan efektif. Mesin pengayak pasir otomatis memiliki dimensi panjang 100 cm, lebar 70 cm, dan tinggi 80 cm. Hasil pengujian mesin pengayak pasir mampu mengayak pasir dengan kapasitas 5 kg dalam waktu 15 detik dan dengan kapasitas pasir 10 kg selama 32 detik.
Relasi Wabah dengan Tindakan Destruktif dalam Al-Qur’an
Authors: Irul Syachirul A'dhom Al-Fajri
Published: December 2022

When the corona virus hit almost all corners of the earth, there was an assumption that this virus was a form of God's wrath against the injustice that befell some groups of Muslims. although it is true that in various verses Allah tells of the punishment that was revealed to the previous people as a sanction for the destructive actions they did. however, even if the assumption is true, in many explanations it is also explained that Allah is most merciful, most merciful even to those who commit sins, and Allah's mercy is far wider than His punishment.

For this reason, in addition to testing these assumptions, this paper also wants to offer a new perspective in reading the verses of the Koran which narrate about plagues, disasters, punishments, and deviations, namely the point of view of grace. Thus, this research method is included in library research, because the research focuses on examining three stories of the previous people, namely the Pharaohs, the Samuds and the 'Ad who were given the punishment of plague and plague as their transgressions.
Nalar Kritis Ushul Fiqh Terhadap Argumentasi Sebagian Ulama Yang Menolak Hak Cipta
Authors: M. Yoeki Hendra  , Ach. Alif Saiful Arif
Published: December 2022

Perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan memaksa manusia hidup penuh dengan ke-mudahan. Tersebarluasnya mesin cetak merupakan salah satu kemudahan yang terhasil dari pengetahuan manusia untuk memperbanyak karya tulis. Hanya saja, sebagian oknum menjadikan kemudahan itu sebuah petaka yang mere-sahkan banyak penulis. Tersebutlah penulis enggan mencetak karyanya de-ngan alasan banyak oknum yang memanfaatkan karya orang lain sebagai la-dang memproleh kekayaan. Padahal dalam Al-Qur’an, Allah jelas mengancam orang-orang yang enggan mengajarkan ilmu yang dia ketahui. Seraya dengan munculnya hak cipta sebagai upaya pembelaan terhadap para penulis yang dirugikan, lahir pula perdebatan ulama mengenai apakah Islam mengakui hak cipta ataukah tidak? Argumentasi antara yang mengakui dan tidak, menghiasi perdebatan tentang hak cipta. Satu sama lain saling mencari dalil dan alasan logis untuk menguatkan pendapat yang didukung. Meskipun hampir seluruh ulama mengakui, praksi ulama yang tidak mengakui hak cipta berargumentasi dengan sumber-sumber utama Islam, seperti ayat Al-Qur’an, Hadis Nabi hing-ga logika analogi (qiya>s). Namun ketika ditelisik kembali, argumentasi-argu-mentasi mereka mengandung cacat logika jika dikaitkan dengan kaidah-kaidah yang ada dalam usul fiqh. Dari sinilah penulis tertarik untuk meneliti lebih dalam argumentasi mereka hingga mengkrtisinya dengan prangkat usul fiqh. Penelitan ini termasuk jenis penelitian pustaka (library research). Yakni pene-litian yang sumber dan bahan utamanya adalah data tertulis. Dalam penelitian ini, penulis menemukan beberapa argumentasi yang umum digunakan pihak yang kontra hak cipta hingga mengetahui celah-celah kejanggalan di dalam-nya. Secara umum dapat disimpulkan bahwa tiga argumentasi mereka perta-ma, Al-Qur’an dan hadis yang mengancam tindakan kitma>n al-‘ilm (menyem-bunyikan ilmu). Kedua, logika bahwa mengajarkan ilmu merupakan sebuah ketaatan (ibadah) sehingga tidak mungkin menjadikannya sebagai profesi, dan terakhir mereka menggunakan logika analogi (qiya>s) yakni meng-qiyas-kan hak cipta kepada hak syuf‘ah. Ketiga argumentasi di atas terbantahkan dengan teori dala>lah khususnya dala>lah isya>rah dan teori qiya>s.
Tinjauan Muhammad Baqir al-Sadr Terhadap UUPA NO. 5 Tahun 1960 tentang Distribusi Tanah GG (Governor Ground) Menjadi Hak Milik
Authors: Muhammad Naufal Tsabitul Azmy  , Anas Fuadi
Published: December 2022

Undang-undang Pokok Agraria (UUPA) No. 5 Tahun 1960 adalah landasan utama dalam mendistribusikan tanah. Di dalamnya diatur hubungan-hubungan serta berbagai hak yang diperoleh atas tanah. Hak-hak yang diperoleh di anta-ranya yaitu; hak milik, hak pakai, hak guna usaha, hak mendirikan bangunan dan lain-lain. Tanah GG (Governor Ground) merupakan tanah kosong atau ta-nah yang belum memiliki tuan, yang digarap oleh masyarakat sekitar untuk dijadikan sebagai lahan pertanian, perkebunan ataupun dijadikan sebagai tem-pat tinggal. Problem terjadi ketika tanah GG hendak dijadikan hak milik sese-orang. Banyak tanah GG diselewengkan oleh pemerintah setempat demi ke-pentingan pribadi. Padahal, UUPA telah mengatur beberapa syarat dan keten-tuan supaya tanah menjadi hak milik. Namun kelemahannya, UUPA tidak me-nyebutkan sistem berkelanjuan sebagai pengawasan atas penyerahan sertifikat tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan normatif dengan metode kepustakaan (library research). Penelitian ini mencari data dari sumber-sumber primer dan sekunder, sumber primernya adalah didapat dari UUPA sendiri dan Undang-undang lainnya yang berkaitan. Sedangkan data sekunder diambil dari buku Iqtis}a>duna> karya Muh}ammad Ba>qir al-S{adr. Penelitian ini menemukan kesimpulan bahwa pelaksanaan UUPA untuk menjadikan Tanah GG sebagai hak milik telah selaras dengan Hukum Islam secara umum. Namun demikian sistem yang berlaku memberikan peluang bagi masyarakat untuk menguasai dan memonopoli tanah GG. Menurut al-S{adr negara perlu memberikan sistem berkelanjutan bagi pemerintah untuk mengawasi tanah tersebut apakah hen-dak digunakan manfaatnya (utilisasi) ataukah hanya untuk penguasaan/mono-polisasi. Dari pandangan Ba>qir inilah diharapkan tercapainya cita-cita keadil-an distribusi secara merata.
Preliminary revision of the Indian cuckoo wasp genera Trichrysis Lichtenstein, 1876 and Chrysidea Bischoff, 1910, with description of a new species (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae)
Authors: Rosa Paolo , Aswathi Pokkattu Gopi , Wiśniowski Bogdan , Bijoy Chenthamarakshan
Published: December 2022

The genera Trichrysis Lichtenstein, 1876 and Chrysidea Bischoff, 1910 from India are reviewed. A new species, Trichrysis poseidonia sp. nov. from India and Nepal is described. Trichrysis bengalensis (Mocsáry, 1889) is revalidated from the previous synonymy with T. lusca (Fabricius, 1804). Trichrysis inops (Gribodo, 1884) is recorded from India for the first time. The lectotype of Chrysis spectrum Wickwar, 1908 is designated. Chrysis mendicalis Cameron, 1897 is transferred from the genus Trichrysis to the genus Chrysidea. Keys and illustrations are provided for the identification of the eleven species of Trichrysis and the four species of Chrysidea so far known in the country, including a Sri Lankan species.
Effect of varying resistance exercises on the skill of smash serve in volleyball
Authors: Maki Heider Sadiq , Jabbar Heider Shamkhi , Tuama Hussein Mhaibes
Published: December 2022

The present study analyzed the effect of varying resistance exercises on the skill of smash serve in volleyball. The study had an experimental design. Young players, of age group between 16-18 years, were recruited from the specialized center for volleyball in Shatrah district as the participants of the study. A total of 14 players were selected for the primary experiment and 6 players constituted the sample for the pilot trial of the study. The participants were allocated in two groups, i.e. experimental group and control group, with 7 players in each group. The present study was conducted in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences of the University of Dhi Qar. Exercise sessions were performed by the players of the experimental group for a period of eight weeks, with three training units per week (Sunday, Tuesday, and Thursday). The curriculum focused on developing and improving abilities related to the lower extremities. The total number of training units was 24. Control group participants performed traditional training. Based on the findings of the present study, it was concluded that resistance exercises produced a significant effect in developing the values of the strength-time curve of the experimental group.
ANALYSIS OF TRANSPORT EMISSIONS FROM A GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE
Authors: MENA NIETO ANGEL , GOMEZ VILCHEZ JONATHAN , FONTARAS GEORGIOS
Published: December 2022

According to the International Energy Agency (IEA), there were 16.2 million light electric vehicles (EVs) on the world's roads by the end of 2021, more than three times as many as in 2018. Those figures will grow strongly the next few years considering that EV sales doubled in 2021 compared to 2020, reaching an all-time high of 6.6 million vehicles. To better understand this high rate of sales, it is enough to think that currently as many EVs are sold in one week as were sold in the whole of 2012.
Quebec Nurses’ Perceptions of the Integration of Sustainable Diet Promotion Into Clinical Appointments: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Larente-Marcotte Stéphanie , Guillaumie Laurence , Diallo Thierno
Published: December 2022

Introduction: A sustainable diet is a diet that is respectful of ecosystems, culturally acceptable, accessible and healthy. It is considered as a promising avenue for optimizing health and reducing the impacts of food on the environment. Several nursing associations have demonstrated a growing concern for nurses’ involvement in environmental and climate change issues, including in promoting sustainable diet. However, the literature reveals a lack of data on why and how nurses could address sustainable diet in their clinical practice.

Objective: The aim of this study was to explore clinical nurses’ perceptions of their role in the promotion of sustainable diet.

Methods: A descriptive qualitative study was conducted based on 6 focus groups involving 20 nurses from 7 regions of the province of Quebec, Canada. Computer-assisted thematic analysis was conducted on verbatim transcripts.

Results: The discussions revealed 3 major themes. First, some dimensions of sustainable eating are already implicitly addressed and nurses were theoretically open to make further. However, it was difficult to see how nurses could translate this interest into concrete action due to a lack of time and their other clinical priorities. Lastly, in order to do this, nurses need support from health organizations as well as clear guidelines, training and tools.

Discussion and conclusion: Despite experts’ recommendations, many barriers and inadequacies between experts’ recommendations and nurses’ reality prevent the implementation of concrete initiatives toward the promotion of sustainable diet among nurses. Nurses are invited to get involved and contribute to the promotion of sustainable diet with a “bottom-up” approach.
Cellular features of localized microenvironments in human meniscal degeneration: a single-cell transcriptomic study
Authors: Fu Weili , Chen Sijie , Yang Runze , Li Chen , Gao Haoxiang , Li Jian , Zhang Xuegong
Published: December 2022

Background:

Musculoskeletal tissue degeneration impairs the life quality and function of many people. Meniscus degeneration is a major origin of knee osteoarthritis and a common threat to athletic ability, but its cellular mechanism remains elusive.

Methods:

We built a cell atlas of 12 healthy or degenerated human meniscus samples from the inner and outer meniscal zones of 8 patients using scRNA-seq to investigate meniscal microenvironment homeostasis and its changes in the degeneration process and verified findings with immunofluorescent imaging.

Results:

We identified and localized cell types in inner and outer meniscus and found new chondrocyte subtypes associated with degeneration. The observations suggested understandings on how cellular compositions, functions, and interactions participated in degeneration, and on the possible loop-like interactions among extracellular matrix disassembly, angiogenesis, and inflammation in driving the degeneration.

Conclusions:

The study provided a rich resource reflecting variations in the meniscal microenvironment during degeneration and suggested new cell subtypes as potential therapeutic targets. The hypothesized mechanism could also be a general model for other joint degenerations.

Funding:

The National Natural Science Foundation of China (81972123, 82172508, 62050178, 61721003), the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2021YFF1200901), Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2015SCU04A40); The Innovative Spark Project of Sichuan University (2018SCUH0034); Sichuan Science and Technology Program (2020YFH0075); Chengdu Science and Technology Bureau Project (2019-YF05-00090-SN); 1.3.5 Project for Disciplines of Excellence of West China Hospital Sichuan University (ZYJC21030, ZY2017301); 1.3.5 Project for Disciplines of Excellence – Clinical Research Incubation Project, West China Hospital, Sichuan University (2019HXFH039).
Molecular mechanism underlying desensitization of the proton-activated chloride channel PAC
Authors: Osei-Owusu James , Ruan Zheng , Mihaljević Ljubica , Matasic Daniel S , Chen Kevin Hong , Lü Wei , Qiu Zhaozhu
Published: December 2022

Desensitization is a common property of membrane receptors, including ion channels. The newly identified proton-activated chloride (PAC) channel plays an important role in regulating the pH and size of organelles in the endocytic pathway, and is also involved in acid-induced cell death. However, how the PAC channel desensitizes is largely unknown. Here, we show by patch-clamp electrophysiological studies that PAC (also known as TMEM206/ASOR) undergoes pH-dependent desensitization upon prolonged acid exposure. Through structure-guided and comprehensive mutagenesis, we identified several residues critical for PAC desensitization, including histidine (H) 98, glutamic acid (E) 94, and aspartic acid (D) 91 at the extracellular extension of the transmembrane helix 1 (TM1), as well as E107, D109, and E250 at the extracellular domain (ECD)–transmembrane domain (TMD) interface. Structural analysis and molecular dynamic simulations revealed extensive interactions between residues at the TM1 extension and those at the ECD–TMD interface. These interactions likely facilitate PAC desensitization by stabilizing the desensitized conformation of TM1, which undergoes a characteristic rotational movement from the resting and activated states to the desensitized state. Our studies establish a new paradigm of channel desensitization in this ubiquitously expressed ion channel and pave the way for future investigation of its relevance in cellular physiology and disease.
Comparison of the Efficacy of Ivalon® Nasal Pack and Ribbon Gauze Pack Following Nasal Surgeries- A Randomised Clinical Trial
Authors: Gowthame K , Prabakaran S , Navin RB Namasivaya , Ranganathan Karthika
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Nasal bleeding is one of the Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT) emergencies which are usually managed by the Hippocratic maneuver. Anterior nasal packing is unavoidable after nasal surgeries and refractory anterior nasal bleeding. There are wide variety of newer nasal packs available and easily acceptable by the patients. The most commonly used nasal packs in day to day practices are Ivalon® and vaseline soaked ribbon gauze pack. Aim: To compare the difference between Ivalon® nasal pack with a traditional ribbon gauze pack in terms of efficacy, feasibility, patient comfort, cost and need for repacking postremoval in patients undergoing nasal surgeries. Materials and Methods: This randomised clinical trial involved 144 patients who required nasal packing after nasal surgeries, like septoplasty, Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (FESS) and nasal bone fracture reduction in the Department of ENT, Head and Neck surgery at a Tertiary Care Centre, Chennai, India. Patients were categorised into two groups- Ribbon gauze group and Ivalon® group. The patient’s comfort was quantified based on nasal discharge, pain on removing the pack, stuffiness of the nose, and irritability were compared. After pack removal, mucosal oedema, congestion, and synechiae formation were assessed by using a diagnostic nasal endoscopy after 1 week. Results: Out of 144 patients, in Ivalon® group, 37 (51.4%) were males and 35 (48.6%) were females. The incidence of nasal symptoms with nasal surgery i.e nasal discharge was significantly higher in the ribbon gauze packing group (68.1%) compared to Ivalon® pack (31.9%) (p-value=0.044). Pain on pack removal was also more in the former (76.4%) compared to Ivalon® group (23.6%) which were statistically significant (p-value=0.005). Pain on pack removal was significantly more in the former (76.4%) compared to Ivalon® group (23.6%). Other symptoms like anxiety, discomfort, stuffiness, local irritation, and congestion were lesser in the Ivalon® group. Mucosal oedema was higher in ribbon gauze group (59.7%) compared to Ivalon® pack (40.3%) which was statistically significant (p-value= 0.019). Conclusion: As a postnasal surgery pack, Ivalon® pack is a better option due to less pain, anxiety, stuffiness, local irritation, congestion, synechiae formation and gives better comfort when compared to the ribbon gauze packs.
A Rare Index Presentation of Hodgkin’s Lymphoma
Authors: Srivastava Nikita , Upneja Raghav
Published: December 2022

Hodgkin’s lymphoma almost invariably presents as generalised lymphadenopathy. Neurological involvement in Hodgkin’s is such a rare occurrence that not many case reports are available highlighting its importance. Also, cord compression more commonly occurs in non Hodgkin’s lymphoma rather than Hodgkin’s and is a manifestation of advanced disease. Refuting these common perceptions, the present case report discusses a 28-year-old male patient with complaints of low grade fever since three months followed by motor weakness of both lower limbs along with bladder involvement. Systemic examination revealed multiple lymph nodes in right cervical region along with features of extramedullary cord compression with spinal level at D4. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) revealed an epidural mass in the spinal canal extending from D2-D4, causing cord compression. Histological examination with immunohistochemical analysis of cervical lymph nodes demonstrated a mixed cellularity type Hodgkin’s lymphoma. With appropriate imaging and prompt pathology guided chemotherapeutic regimen, the neurological function were retsored without the need for any surgical intervention. Hence, it is important to also consider Hodgkin’s lymphoma in the setting of spinal cord compression along with other causes especially in Indian scenarios where tuberculosis is the closest differential bias encountered. Also, early diagnosis and evidence-based prompt treatment is crucial in preventing further neurological worsening and may curb the need for surgery.
Comparative Cone Beam Computed Tomographic Evaluation of Conventional and Conservative Endodontic Access Cavity Designs on Pericervical Dentin Thickness and Fracture Resistance of Teeth: An In-vitro Study
Authors: Patel Aashray , Parekh Vaishali , Joshi Chintan , Kinariwala Niraj , Thumar Sweety , Somani Mona , Khunt Ankita , Desai Neelam
Published: December 2022

Introduction: The concept of ‘extension for prevention’ accelerates treatment processes but eliminates precious dentin at the pericervical area, resulting in biomechanically weakened tooth structure after endodontic treatment. Pericervical Dentin (PCD) is a new paradigm for endodontic success supports the idea that the amount of residual tooth structure is closely associated with long-term retention of the tooth and resistance to fracturing. Aim: To determine the impact of two endodontic access cavity designs and biomechanical preparation on the pericervical dentin thickness using 3D Cone Beam Computed Tomographic (CBCT) visualisation technique and fracture resistance of the maxillary anterior teeth under compressive load using universal testing machine. Materials and Methods: The in-vitro study was conducted in the Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics at Karnavati School of Dentistry, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India, from October 2020 to March 2021. Study was carried out on the 30 single rooted freshly extracted maxillary central incisors and were randomly divided into two groups of conventional and conservative access preparation groups (n=15). Group 1 was conventional group, samples were accessed using endo access bur #1. Group 2 was conservative group, samples were accessed using CK micro-endodontic bur under a dental operating microscope. Cleaning and shaping was done using 17% Ethylenediamine Tetraacetic Acid (EDTA) as lubricant and 4% Hyflex CM rotary file system. The CBCT scans were taken preoperatively, following access cavity preparation and postobturation to evaluate the amount of pericervical dentin loss in mesial, lingual, facial and distal surfaces of the teeth at the levels of 1 mm to 4 mm above and below Cementoenamel Junction (CEJ). The samples were then loaded to fracture in the Universal Testing Machine, and the data were analysed using Independent sample t-test using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 20.0. Results: In comparison to the group 2, group 1 led to an increase in substantial tooth structure loss in the pericervical region. Among all surfaces, pericervical dentin loss was more pronounced on the lingual surface in the group 1 than in the group 2 (p-value <0.001). Higher fracture resistance was observed in group 2 (1136.75 N) compared to group 1 (687.22 N) under compressive load (p-value <0.001). Conclusion: Incisal cavity design is a less invasive method of accessing maxillary central incisors that preserves pericervical dentin. Under compressive load, pericervical dentin conservation provided greater fracture resistance in the conservative group than in the conventional group.