bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lengthen your attribution window: Which digital ads have most long-term impact?
Authors: Qin Vivian
Published: July 2024

Brands usually invest in a portfolio of digital ad products for brand consideration and conversion, and their performance is commonly evaluated with ad-attributed metrics. However, these metrics limit the measurement of advertising effectiveness within a short time window, typically of two weeks. Therefore, they could underestimate the total effect if some ad products' efficacy lasts beyond the measurement period. In particular, this could understate the impact from ad products aimed at awareness and consideration. In addition, this bias could manifest in product categories where shoppers' involvement is high because they are making deliberate purchase decisions. To solve these problems, the Vector Autoregressive Moving Average with Exogenous variables (VARMAX) model is applied, which allows flexibility in the length of the advertising measurement window, and thus can empirically quantify how long the effect of each ad lasts without `a priori` restrictions. For 15 US brands across three verticals (Hardlines, Softlines and Consumables) on Amazon, it was found that within the two-week attribution window, upper/middle-funnel ad products only materialise 30–50 per cent of the total effects, compared to lower-funnel at 60–90 per cent. Based on these results, it is recommended that advertisers and publishers lengthen the attribution window, and especially track their upper and middle-funnel ad products for at least a month to capture their longer-term effects.
`Multichannel Marketing Ecosystems: Creating Connected Customer Experiences;` Edited by Markus Ståhlberg and Ville Maila
Authors: Wenzek Hagen
Published: July 2024

Multichannel Marketing Ecosystems: Creating Connected Customer Experiences; Edited by: Markus Ståhlberg and Ville Maila; Reviewed by: Hagen Wenzek
Collaboration through analysis: A journey in digital content management workflow analysis
Authors: Green Andrea , Sorenson Krista
Published: July 2024

Analysing workflows is a vital component in ensuring reliable, long-term preservation, access and support to collections. It further supports goals to involve more diverse voices in the development of workflows and to streamline processes in order to better serve the community. In June 2017, the State Library of North Carolina’s Government & Heritage Library began an extensive evaluation of its digital content management. In the first stage, an interdepartmental working group determined high-level functional requirements for digital content — from acquisition to preservation to access — and conducted an evaluation of the primary tools used. The second stage included interviews with cataloguers, the State Agency Liaison and digital staff, resulting in a complete workflow chart of current processes. The third stage consisted of a workflow analysis and the development of solutions for prominent breakdowns and issues. This article provides a project overview, lessons learned and tactics for analysing library workflows and tools. Through the process, an openness to exploration and evaluation fostered stronger collaborations across disciplines and among different professionals. By taking the time to step back, to look at workflows, to evaluate who is involved and what is used, the library better positioned itself for future projects, collaborations and problem-solving.
Interim repairs: Remedies and relief
Authors: Duncan Michael
Published: July 2024

Repair covenants are fertile ground for disputes, both during the term of the lease and on termination. This paper examines the significance of repair covenants in commercial leases during the lease term, and the allocation of responsibility to carry out works to a property in the event of disrepair. The primary focus is on the extent of a tenant’s repairing obligations under the terms of the lease. Relevant case law is considered, albeit, when considering the extent of a tenant’s contractual obligations, the question is usually fact-specific and can only be answered by taking into account all of the surrounding circumstances. If a tenant fails to comply with their covenants, the landlord has a number of potential remedies, ie to enforce compliance with the lease. This paper explores the range of options available and the circumstances in which they might be exercised. Some remedies (for example, forfeiture) require the taking of strict procedural steps, which can prove to be traps for the unwary. The paper also considers the ways in which a tenant could potentially obtain relief, ie in circumstances where the landlord takes action against them. These options, as well as a number of areas that are commonly contested and ripe for negotiation, are explored to provide guidance for both landlords and tenants.
Neighbourhood characteristics and their relationship to sense of community in poor residential neighbourhoods in Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
Authors: Ayoola Adedayo H.
Published: July 2024

This paper focuses on the contribution of neighbourhood socio-physical characteristics on sense of community, and the relationship between sense of community and neighbourhood characteristics in poor residential neighbourhoods in Akure, Nigeria. Previous research has suggested several interrelated components which were integrated into this study: the social and physical characteristics of the neighbourhood and the socio-economic characteristics of the residents. Four specific residential neighbourhoods in the core of Akure were selected for the study, 532 questionnaires were successfully administered and analysed with frequency distribution and categorical regression analysis. The regression analysis confirmed a significant relationship between neighbourhood physical characteristics and sense of community (sum of square = 63.444; df = 24; p 0.000). Sense of community was also found to have a significant relationship with neighbourhood physical characteristics (sum of square = 71.107; df = 25; p 0.000). Variables on trust and social cohesion were the strongest predictors of neighbourhood physical characteristics. Socio-economic variables such as sex, age, education and income were strong predictors of sense of community. The paper concludes that sense of community, if well utilised, can result in neighbourhood improvement while neighbourhood physical characteristics are an essential tool in building a strong sense of community, particularly in poor residential neighbourhoods.
Has the Supreme Court moved the goalposts on rights to light?
Authors: Mckenna Ian
Published: July 2024

A breach of a party's right to light has historically led to a court injunction preventing or even ordering the pulling down of offending parts of development. However, since the passing of Lord Cairns’ Act in 1858, the courts have had the discretion to award damages instead. A L Smith LJ in his Court of Appeal judgement in Shelfer v City of London Electric Lighting Co [1895] 1 Ch 287 set out what he believed to be a ‘good working rule’ for judges in exercising their discretion. However, this ‘rule’ is now thought to be a shackle and not an aide to judges. The Supreme Court, in the recently reported case Coventry & Others v Lawrence and Another [2014] UKSC 13, has declared the Shelfer rule out of date and has freed judges to decide to grant an injunction or damages in lieu, dependent simply upon the facts and circumstances of the case before them. Will this help or further hinder developers and their advisers? If damages are awarded, what has the Supreme Court had to say about the level of awards made and will the decision mean that the need for a change of law on rights to light as reviewed by the Law Commission is no longer required?
Consumer protection and good customer outcomes in an evolving financial services ecosystem
Authors: Turner Donna
Published: July 2024

Consumer protection and the conduct of financial services firms has been a focal point and priority since statutory obligations on the financial services sector became law in 1986 with the introduction of the Financial Services Act. However, that has not prevented the continuous stream of scandals hitting the financial services industry and the consumers they serve or the never-ending battle to fight against criminal activity and strategies. This paper describes the evolution of standards in relation to financial services consumer protection, the new and evolving risks that consumers face and considers why regulation is needed that requires firms to put their customer needs first.
Marketing health insurance in social media: A two-stage approach
Authors: Leonhardt James M. , Query Tim
Published: July 2024

More than ever, there is a need for health insurers to embrace social media marketing. This need is the result of the health insurance industry undergoing a historic shift due to recent political, legal, social and technological changes. Unfortunately, health insurers have few examples and little guidance on how health insurance can be marketed in social media. The objective of this paper is to offer such guidance. In particular, a two-stage approach is considered in the context of the marketing of Healthcare.gov and proposed more generally for the marketing of health insurance via social media. This approach recommends that health insurers should focus initially on building a robust presence across multiple social media platforms, such as Facebook, Twitter and YouTube, after which they should focus on leveraging their brand’s multi-platform presence to facilitate electronic word of mouth and virality.
Doing more with less: An assessment of capacity utilisation using stochastic frontier and spectral analysis models in the case of Atlanta Hartsfield-Jackson International Airport
Authors: Diana Tony
Published: July 2024

This study proposes a methodology to measure and compare the operational outcomes of airport capacity improvement programs before and after the implementation of improvement programmes at discrete periods at Atlanta Hartsfield-Jackson International Airport (ATL). In this analysis, the percentage of airport capacity utilised is a function of operations, total demand, taxi-out times and ceiling/visibility conditions. The outputs of a stochastic frontier model indicated that the mean technical efficiency slightly declined to 0.98 in the 2016 sample, down from 0.99 in both the 2012 and 2015 samples. The decline in technical efficiency, however, can be misleading. Moreover, the outcomes of spectral analysis indicated that ATL was able to reduce the amplitude and number of peaks per cycle in the 2016 sample compared with the other samples, which resulted in improved capacity utilised and on-time performance in a context of increasing operations.
Measuring and communicating the value of a bank’s payments business
Authors: Robertson David
Published: July 2024

This paper explores the following paradox: the payments business offers tremendous opportunities, yet most bank payments executives struggle to obtain strategic levels of funding. A framework is presented for valuing the payments business, evaluating key drivers of shareholder value: scale dynamics; ancillary revenues generated by payments transactions — primarily balances and FX; stability and diversity of cash flows; and strong return on capital resulting from the bank acting as an agent, not a principal. An analysis is then provided of the reasons why bank executives and institutional investors fail to understand the value of the payments business. (i) With some notable exceptions, banks fail to organise their payments activities into material business units and do not publish financials for their payments activities. Payments businesses, such as treasury services, are often zeroed-out at the general ledger level, showing up as net fees and non-interest expense. (ii) Most equity investors and even some senior banking executives are unfamiliar with the payments business and its profitability dynamics. (iii) Confusing and improper cost allocation and valuation methodologies distort the profitability of payments businesses. (iv) Payments businesses may be strategically subordinate to lower return on equity (ROE) businesses such as credit. The paper closes with a suggested course of action for bank executives: (i) ensure the business is valued correctly; (ii) improve the visibility of the business, both within the bank and with external investors; and (iii) ensure the payments business takes greater importance in the overall strategic direction of the bank.
Declined card transactions: How online merchants can address the potential €15bn revenue hole caused by declines
Authors: Hay Tom , Saywell Nick
Published: July 2024

Declined card transactions present a significant problem for the payment industry, causing inconvenience for consumers, lost sales for merchants and lost revenue for card issuers. An analysis of card-based e-commerce across the EEA and UK indicates a decline rate of 10 per cent for domestic transactions and 18 per cent for cross-border transactions, leading to a total declined value of €60bn per annum. Using data obtained from different sources, including merchants’ own records, and gateway, acquirer and scheme data, this paper identifies the main reasons why transactions are rejected, grouping them into four categories: valid business declines, avoidable business declines, risk-based declines, and technical declines. The study argues that merchants should focus on reducing decline rates in the latter three categories. Approaches might include use of the schemes’ account updater service; localisation of acquiring to the same country as the card issuer, where possible; smart routing to acquirers with higher success rates for the given transaction attributes; use of network tokens; leveraging of strong customer authentication exemption rules; and correction of technical issues in authorisation requests, such as incorrect setting of flags indicating the acceptance environment. According to PSE’s analysis, actionable codes account for around 25 per cent of all declines, totalling €15bn of transaction value (and €74m lost interchange for issuers). The paper therefore suggests that those merchants that are prepared to investigate and analyse the underlying causes of their declines have much to gain.
Mobile mapping for buildings, assets and estates : Benefits, new workflows and new deliverables
Authors: Blenkarn Nick
Published: July 2024

This paper looks at the opportunities presented by mobile mapping technology used for measured building survey, comparing data capture techniques and selecting the right match for the client’s end use. Secondly, it discusses how to balance ‘black box’ automated processing with tried-and-tested quality workflows. Lastly, it investigates how hosting survey data on web-based platforms enables the creation of new deliverables and adds value through embedding data and enabling access to a wider audience of potential stakeholders.
The hexagon hypothesis: Six disruptive scenarios
Authors: Burtles Jim
Published: July 2024

This paper aims to bring a simple but effective and comprehensive approach to the development, delivery and monitoring of business continuity solutions. To ensure that the arguments and principles apply across the board, the paper sticks to basic underlying concepts rather than sophisticated interpretations. First, the paper explores what exactly people are defending themselves against. Secondly, the paper looks at how defences should be set up. Disruptive events tend to unfold in phases, each of which invites a particular style of protection, ranging from risk management through to business continuity to insurance cover. Their impact upon any business operation will fall into one of six basic scenarios. The hexagon hypothesis suggests that everyone should be prepared to deal with each of these six disruptive scenarios and it provides them with a useful benchmark for business continuity.
High Street Regeneration and Rebranding Pushing Portas further: Life beyond the butcher, baker and candlestick maker
Authors: Dobson Julian
Published: July 2024

A healthy independent retail sector, important as it is, will never be enough to revive the UK’s town centres. As the Portas Review indicated, a wide-ranging rethinking of the High Street is required. Putting such rethinking into practice will be a challenge. The immediate aftermath of the Portas Review has highlighted the pitfalls as well as the potential in current approaches. This paper asks whether the Portas Review and subsequent events have prepared the ground for real progress towards a new kind of high street. Drawing on a survey of practitioners and activists, it highlights the need for a common understanding of the challenges town centres face, and better approaches to project planning and sharing learning.
Urban regeneration wheel: A practical tool for creating sustainable, thriving communities
Authors: Dall’Orso Marco
Published: July 2024

The paper proposes a five-step effective method for creating sustainable, thriving urban communities, from sky-is-the-limit creative mapping to polished final execution. The underlying belief is that although every urban area is different, the use of the proposed method enables, under certain circumstances, the creation of favourable conditions for sustainable and shared prosperity. Drawing from the author’s two decades of high-profile experience as an urban regeneration expert, the paper offers comments and thoughts on each step, sharing some key lessons learned from real-life project examples. It shows how to identify a community’s unique strengths and competitive advantages, as well as the needs, motivations, inequalities and weaknesses that can be fundamental ingredients for crafting a strong vision for its future. It also proposes how to ensure communities have real purpose and how a collaborative approach can deliver lasting tangible benefits in all contexts — physical, social and economic — and generate places where people are happy to build their lives. Finally, it touches on how to break silos, dissipate political resistance, and disrupt unproductive decision-making structures and traditionally inefficient procedures, for creating sustainable shared value. One of the crucial aspects highlighted is that the proposed method must be intended not as a process with a beginning and an end, but rather a continuous iterative long-term effort aimed at achieving and maintaining a virtuous condition. The implication is that, as the context continues to change over time, it is necessary to create the conditions for ‘strategic urban agility’. This requires the adoption of a culture of flexibility in all regulatory, planning, design, construction and operational dimensions of an urban regeneration initiative.
Planning and delivering Brisbane Airport’s new runway
Authors: Tangri Krishan
Published: July 2024

Building and opening a new runway is a complex task with careful consideration of many different components essential to its successful delivery in a timely and cost-effective manner. Brisbane Airport Corporation Pty Ltd (BAC) is in the final stages of delivering its new parallel runway (NPR) and can attribute the achievements of the project to date to detailed planning, extensive stakeholder engagement, careful attention to project co-ordination and strong client involvement in engineering design and construction.
`London’s Turning; The Making of the Thames Gateway;` edited by P. Cohen and M.J. Rustin
Authors: Brownill Sue
Published: July 2024

London's Turning; The Making of the Thames Gateway; Edited by: P. Cohen and M.J. Rustin; Reviewer: Sue Brownill
Inspiring and leading change in turbulent times: The role of resilience in healthcare leadership
Authors: Kaissi Amer
Published: July 2024

The recent COVID-19 pandemic has magnified the chronic stressors that healthcare leaders deal with, which can lead to significant burnout. This paper argues that leaders have the ability to influence and impact their teams’ and organisations’ resilience through their words and actions. But in order to do that leaders first have to build and maintain their own self-resilience. Drawing on the latest research and compelling case studies based on his executive coaching experience, the author proposes a practical model of resilience that he has used with numerous leaders. This evidence-based model focuses on the importance of optimism, empathy and gratitude, on the one hand, and selfcare behaviours such as strategic resting, taking time for reflection, realistic boundaries between professional and personal lives, and healthy sleep habits, on the other. The paper recommends practical behaviours that can enable leaders to manage the extreme demands on their time in order to build and maintain their own resilience, as well as that of their teams and organisations. It ends with a short case study describing the importance of resilience for a healthcare leader that the author has coached.
Implied asset correlation in retail loan portfolios
Authors: Botha Marius , Vuuren Gary Van
Published: July 2024

Credit risk arises from the interaction of multiple connected factors, but the most frequently-used models designed to measure it assume only one. These models — which, inter alia, fit distributions to loss data — are heavily influenced by the common correlation between loan values and the single factor (commonly assumed to be some gauge of economic health). Scarce and shoddy loss data for retail loan classes hamper the estimation of this correlation. A technique is proposed to calculate asset correlations embedded in empirical loss data. These values are then compared with those stipulated by the Basel II Accord for minimum capital requirements.
The value of public-private partnerships for financial intelligence
Authors: Riondet Simon
Published: July 2024

This paper discusses the lack of effectiveness of the current anti-money laundering and counter-terrorist financing reporting regime, which leads to defensive and over-reporting. However, the end-goal of the reporting regime is to get more convictions, and to seize more ill-gotten assets. Partnerships between financial institutions and law enforcement authorities allow relevant information sharing in a trusted environment to improve the detection of suspicious transactions. The existing national initiatives in this field, such as the Joint Anti-Money Laundering Intelligence Task-force in the United Kingdom, have proven to be very successful. Yet, this is not sufficient to achieve greater effectiveness as illicit transactions are mostly cross-border. Presently, reporting entities can only provide fragmented pieces of information to their respective domestic Financial intelligence Unit (FIU). To achieve the goal to have a better cross-border vision, Europol developed in 2017 a functionality to allow EU FIUs to quickly forward cross-border Suspicious Transaction Reports relevant to other EU FIUs. Europol decided to push further the cross-border cooperation by setting up the first transnational public-private partnership for financial information sharing. The Europol Financial Intelligence Public-Private Partnership (EFIPPP) was launched in December 2017, bringing together experts from 15 major banks and competent authorities from eight EU member states and non-EU countries, involving FIUs, law enforcement authorities and supervisors, to improve transnational cooperation. Participants of the EFIPPP have started to exchange strategic information and sanitized case studies. Ultimately, the objective of the EFIPPP is to facilitate the exchange of operational or tactical intelligence associated with on-going investigations.
Modern lease monetisations : How to capitalise on market arbitrages to significantly reduce occupancy costs
Authors: Mohr Bob , Godoi Rodrigo , Loving Elizabeth
Published: July 2024

This paper introduces the concept of lease monetisation and details this lucrative strategy, which allows occupiers to generate a significant cash incentive from restructuring their lease to reduce their occupancy costs even further, while securing long-term control of an asset without an ownership interest or investing their capital. This paper explains the lease monetisation process, including the way corporate occupiers can decrease occupancy costs through long-term leases by taking advantage of arbitrage opportunities in the capital markets, the types of properties suitable for lease monetisations and the importance of corporate credit.
Regenerating through collaborative innovation: The changing role of universities in urban and regional regeneration
Authors: Johnston Lorraine
Published: July 2024

In global knowledge economies, universities are increasingly playing an enabling role in economic renaissance and are acting as conduits in the co-production and co-creation of knowledge exchange and transfer. In the current socio-economic context, the economic downturn and impact of the credit crunch have placed unprecedented demands on regenerators to become more innovative, effective and efficient. This is forcing regenerators to rethink outdated models and practices in delivering regeneration strategies. In addressing these emerging economic concerns, universities and the business sector are now being encouraged to work more closely in developing innovative solutions to the issues faced by urban and regional regeneration. Such practices are leading to greater attempts at ‘collaborative innovation’ in facilitating the development of newer hybrid forms of innovation networks and communities of regeneration practice as one solution to address these challenges. This paper argues that regenerating through collaborative innovation requires more robust strategies for engagement. This agenda is actively being encouraged by international (and European) governments, whereby establishing and strengthening collations is an attempt to increase local, regional and national competitiveness for enhanced levels of innovation and knowledge exchange. Using case study examples from the UK and beyond, this paper highlights the potential of ‘engaged universities’ to become catalysts of regeneration and considers the constraining factors which hinder interaction between universities and business communities. Finally, the conclusion draws implications for practitioners engaged in this ongoing and progressive regeneration agenda.
The impact of climate risk on the insurance industry: Recent developments and emerging risk mitigation approaches
Authors: Kumar Sonjai , Rao Purnima
Published: July 2024

The present paper discusses the key emerging risks in the insurance industry due to the worsening of the global climate. First, the paper identifies the adverse impacts that have already taken place in the recent past in the insurance industry. Further, it discusses the various tools the industries utilise to manage their risks, such as underwriting, risk management and public disclosures. Finally, some key measures taken by the industry are discussed that include not providing insurance to polluting industries, tightening risk management governance and mandatory disclosures recommended by different insurance regulators.
Orange is the new colour of city competitiveness: The role of local governments in promoting cultural and creative industries
Authors: Wahba Sameh , Chun Yuna
Published: July 2024

Cities have the power to stimulate and harness culture, creativity and innovation for local development. Culture and creativity are invaluable assets with untapped potential to deliver spatial, economic and social dividends for both cities and local communities. Building on the Cities, Culture, and Creativity Framework jointly developed by the World Bank and UNESCO and reviewing lessons learned from cities around the world, this paper discusses how local governments can effectively leverage their decision making, convening power and financial resources to enable and support cultural and creative industries (CCIs) to flourish for city competitiveness. Specifically, the paper examines how local governments can foster the enabling environment and channel the support through their core functions and roles of: 1) public procurement; 2) service delivery; 3) regulating public and private space; and 4) facilitating enterprise support and incentives. Through strategic interventions across these domains and collaboration with key stakeholders, local governments can implement measures to address the constraints impeding the development and growth of CCIs and leverage them as a critical driver of sustainable urban development. While the degree of decentralisation of responsibilities, resources and capacities of each local government may differ, global experiences illustrate that the common denominator is visionary leadership that puts in place the policies and catalyses the enabling conditions to attract and nurture CCIs, coupled with the key creativity ingredients — local talent and the uniqueness of the place.
Using RMB bonds as collateral for OTC derivatives
Authors: Jia Jing
Published: July 2024

Using Renminbi (RMB) bonds, especially Chinese Government bonds (CGB), as collateral for both onshore and cross-border over-the-counter (OTC) derivatives is a hot topic following China switching to a netting jurisdiction in August 2022. Since then, Chinese financial institutions are required to exchange initial margin and variation margin with offshore counterparties for dealing cross-border derivatives. As the market infrastructure for using RMB bonds as collateral for cross-border OTC derivatives transactions is not well established and RMB bonds are not extensively accepted by foreign counterparties as eligible collateral, Chinese financial institutions are unable to utilise their huge RMB bond holdings. At the same time, many foreign investors are allowed to access China’s onshore RMB bond market with RMB bond holding up to RMB 3.4tr, but are unable to use those inventories as collateral for their onshore and cross-border derivatives trading and other financial transactions. Using RMB bonds as collateral is also an initiative of RMB internationalisation. The purpose of this paper is to give an extensive explanation of the status of using RMB bonds as collateral in the Chinese market, point out challenges faced by market participants and provide suggestions to promote using RMB bonds as collateral for both onshore and cross-border derivatives transactions. This paper provides the full picture of China’s onshore RMB bond investment and bond collateral management along with the latest data. It also provides extensive analysis for deficiencies in respect of the RMB bond collateralisation. It concludes with suggestions for the future development of the Chinese market to use RMB bonds as collateral for both onshore and cross-border OTC derivatives.
Legal and regulatory update The Roanne case: Implications for the procurement of regeneration projects
Authors: Stone James
Published: July 2024

This legal update looks at the European Court of Justice decision in the Roanne case, which considers the scope of a contracting authority's obligation to procure regeneration projects under Directive 2004/18/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council (concerning the coordination of procedures for the award of public works contracts, public supply contracts and public services contracts) (which is enacted into UK law under the Public Contracts Regulations 2006).
The cyber arms race: How can CISOs win?
Authors: Weston Mark , Kashyap Rajan
Published: July 2024

This paper discusses the trends in cybersecurity, especially in banking and financial services. Senior executives are concerned about the increasing attack vector with an exponential increase in the number of devices and its impact on their organisations’ security. A structured approach is needed to be only just security compliant but ahead of the curve. The paper presents a new approach and framework within which to govern cyber in three main areas: foundational, proactive and futuristic. It also lays out what it is to be a cyber leader, how to free up time to take the proactive measures that are necessary right now and to remain alert to futuristic threats.
Extracting actionable insights from web analytics and advocating for data-driven change
Authors: Green Brandie
Published: July 2024

The vast majority of leaders in organisations report that they have low confidence in their employees to leverage data in ways that will allow their companies to undergo data-driven transformation. As technology has evolved, businesses are struggling to define clear data-focused roles and the data literacy knowledge gap has become more apparent. This paper provides a framework for data advocates to create an environment in which stakeholders can understand how web data fits into the organisation's overall strategy and discover how to transform their business by leveraging actionable insights.
Engaging fans on social media in US minor league soccer: A content analysis of consumer promotion on Facebook, Twitter and Instagram
Authors: Lanzillo Julie D. , Stewart Margaret C.
Published: July 2024

This original research presents an inductive analysis of social media use by a US minor league soccer team. An in-depth examination of the team’s social media practices and analysis of its content during the spring 2015 season yielded several curious findings regarding the team's fan engagement process. In seeking to better understand how the team promotes fan engagement on social media, this study concludes that the team used social media primarily as a one-way communication mechanism. There was minimal dialogue and the club itself rarely commented on the posts or discussions of others in which it may have been tagged. As a minor league team with limited game coverage in the more traditional forms of media, this club overwhelmingly used Twitter as a way to live tweet the game action. This paper discusses the practical implications of these findings, while also addressing limitations to this investigation and opportunities for future research on the role of social media as a fan engagement vehicle for minor league sport organisations.
Rebranding a traditional housing company: The Flagship Group rebrand from initial research to implementation
Authors: Blackmore Lorna
Published: July 2024

Many businesses plough all their efforts into branding from a sales perspective — the in-your-face banners, money-no-object advertising campaigns and large-scale exhibition stands, not forgetting branded goods — the ‘trash and trinkets’ image of marketing. And why not — these efforts have worked well for numerous companies over the years and will continue to — just not in isolation. As the business world becomes even more value based, employees are asking questions around the company’s purpose, the benefits to its customer and to society. No longer is it okay to just serve customers; employees want to be proud of delivering that service and of being associated with the company. This means the business has to look at the brand, culture and its impact on employees, customers and communication as a whole — covering all interactions with all audiences. Creating a brand culture where employees feel connected, company values and strategy are understood and consistent will create a more effective and productive business. The rebrand exercise was an expression of Flagship’s renewed commitment to its growth ambitions ultimately re-engaging its people to the company’s purpose and reinforcing the close relationship between brand and culture.
Clinical guidelines for responding to chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear and trauma/burn mass casualty incidents: Quick reference guides for emergency department staff
Authors: Albanese Joseph , Burich David , Smith Deborah , Hayes Lynn , Paturas James , Tomassoni Anthony
Published: July 2024

The word ‘DISASTER’ may be used as a mnemonic for listing the critical elements of emergency response. The National Disaster Life Support Education Foundation’s (NDLSEC) DISASTER paradigm emphasises out-of-hospital emergency response and includes the following elements: (1) detect; (2) incident command system; (3) security and safety; (4) assessment; (5) support; (6) triage and treatment; (7) evacuate; and (8) recovery. This paper describes how the DISASTER paradigm was used to create a series of clinical guidelines to assist the preparedness effort of hospitals for mitigating chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear incidents or explosive devices resulting in trauma/burn mass casualty incidents (MCIs) and their initial response to these events. Descriptive information was obtained from observations and records associated with this project. The information contributed by a group of subject matter experts in disaster medicine, at the Yale New Haven Health System Center for Emergency Preparedness and Disaster Response was used to author the clinical guidelines. Akin to the paradigm developed by the NDLSEC for conducting on-scene activities, the clinical guidelines use the letters in the word ‘disaster’ as a mnemonic for recalling the main elements required for mitigating MCIs in the hospital emergency department.
Legal and regulatory update
Authors: Beresford Amanda
Published: July 2024

This legal update looks at the House of Lords landmark decision in the Bawtry case, which considers contaminated land liability in the context of a privatised industry. This update also reviews some of the main proposals in the Housing Green Paper and the consultation paper on possible amendments to s. 237 of the Town and Country Planning Act 1990 to make it easier to override easements and other rights in the context of a Compulsory Purchase.
Food for thought: Issues to consider as the UK moves towards Brexit
Authors: Maliphant Andrew
Published: July 2024

This paper contains some observations on the interplay between UK land use, current UK Government housing targets, and the topical issue of food production and distribution as we move towards Brexit. The aim of the observations is indicated in the title.
Crowdfunding regeneration: More than an alternative model of finance
Authors: Warbis Michelle
Published: July 2024

In early 2014, the Greater London Authority’s (GLA) Regeneration Unit commissioned Future Cities Catapult to research the capacity and potential for a public sector-led web-based crowdsourcing platform. This report recommended that the Unit trial new methods of digital engagement for direct participation in regeneration. As a result, the GLA launched a pilot Mayor’s Crowdfunding Programme to enable community groups to part-fund and deliver projects they deemed important in their local areas. This paper discusses this method of regeneration project delivery, considering the transformative power of the programme for local engagement in the context of current participation methods. It highlights how the programme is shaping a new role for local government in facilitating equity, outlining how crowdfunding, in this case, does not represent a retreat of the state but a repositioning of it. It notes the challenges associated with this, before sharing difficulties encountered in the GLA’s process and lessons for long-term sustainability of facilitating crowdfunded and community-led regeneration. The programme is discussed with specific reference to two successful projects from round two of the pilot: a pop-up market, TWIST on Station Rise; and a linear park, Peckham Coal Line.
The importance of timely social media responsiveness
Authors: Dapko Jennifer L. , Boyer Stefanie , Harris Eric
Published: July 2024

Social media marketing has become a very popular way for brands to attract and interact with consumers. To realise the benefits of social media marketing, companies should understand and apply best practices. Using an experimental (A/B) design, this research compares what happens when brands respond to consumer posts and enquiries within one day and when they do not. This is a very practical scenario. When being asked to do more with less, marketing managers and small business owners oftentimes do not have the bandwidth to stay on top of social media every single day. This study examines the consequences for brands that are unable to respond promptly to enquiries made via social media. This research measures and highlights the fact that Facebook page visitors pay attention to a brand’s responsiveness, and that delay has negative consequences. In particular, the results from this experiment show that responding to posts and enquiries within one day results in significantly higher outcomes for consumer engagement behaviour intentions compared with not responding to posts and enquiries within one day.
Towards advanced reference data management at transaction banks: Creating a centralised view
Authors: De Meijer Carlo R. W. , Hall Susan , Simeonidou Sofia
Published: July 2024

The role of reference data and its management is gaining greater significance within transaction banks. Transaction banking is under growing pressure to improve reference data management processes and to manage (operational) risk more effectively. Triggered by regulators requiring greater transparency and accountability, increased trading volumes, and customers demanding greater efficiency and accuracy, banks are now increasingly looking to upgrade their existing reference data systems. Some have already initiated major projects to centralise various reference databases or are thinking of outsourcing, for instance by going into the cloud. This paper investigates how banks nowadays use and manage reference data. It tackles issues such as the importance of good reference data management and the various business drivers. But it also addresses the constraints that prevent banks from delivering accurate information in a timely manner. The main questions this paper explores are: What should the future reference management system look like? What are the challenges to overcome and the benefits to be realised?
Keeping your fleet on the ground: European airports in transition
Authors: Regan Padraic
Published: July 2024

As European airport managers address the transition from public ownership to modern businesses, this paper sets out to utilise several organisational variables as measures of their progress. The impact of commercialisation, liberalisation and low-cost carriers has resulted in airport managers dealing with new and complex challenges. Variables were selected on the basis of increased usage in the private sector and linked to ownership structure for 98 European airports. Entrepreneurial orientation, organic organisation structure and rational strategic decision-making are assessed for their relationship with type of ownership. The results show that entrepreneurial orientation and organic organisational structures are positively related to higher levels of private ownership but that rational strategic decision-making is not. Implications for management are considered along with recommendations for future research.
Social media risk: Closing the management gap to safeguard reputation and productivity
Authors: Leavesley James
Published: July 2024

As consumers increasingly look to social media networking sites to source information, communicate, purchase products and services, and obtain post-sales support, the pressure is on for organisations to consider new ways of working and IT infrastructures to keep pace with this growing phenomenon. A top priority for many organisations is to get their own house in order. The management of social media channels needs to extend beyond the traditional boundaries of marketing as all departments, including IT, human resources and legal, are being called upon to set organisational policy around the delivery and management of social communication channels. A further catalyst for change is the release of a number of policy guidelines by industry regulators such as the Financial Conduct Authority which will hold organisations accountable for decisions around content distribution, management processes, data handling and the security of social media accounts. This paper focuses on the management issues, challenges and risks associated with today’s brave new world of social engagement, and highlights the positive outcomes of developing, then executing a proactive and successful corporate social media strategy. The rewards are great as increased cross-functional collaboration will safeguard employee and operational productivity, as well as corporate reputation, and ultimately boost profits; however, the risks and areas of weakness need to be understood.
Build back better principles for economic recovery: Case study of the Victorian bushfires
Authors: Mannakkara Sandeeka , Wilkinson Suzanne
Published: July 2024

This paper looks at developing build back better (BBB) principles for economic recovery using the 2009 Victorian bushfires in Australia as a case study. The concept behind BBB-based economic recovery is to rejuvenate the economy in disaster-affected communities along with rebuilding to create resilient sustainable communities. A review of the literature identified several principles that can be applied to economic recovery to build back better. Data were collected in 2010 and 2011 by conducting semi- structured interviews with stakeholders who were directly involved in the Victorian bushfires recovery efforts, along with reports and other documentation. The recovery in Victoria displayed the use of BBB-based initiatives for economic recovery. The successes and shortcomings contributed to the creation of a modified list of BBB principles for economic recovery, including: creating an economic strategy based on thorough data collection; providing effective funding through grants and flexible low-interest loans; establishing business advice and mentoring services; providing incentives for businesses; assisting speedy rebuilding of business buildings; providing subsidised employee training and up-skilling programmes; and promoting local businesses through advertising.
Communicating through a pandemic: What one police agency has learned so far
Authors: Severson Katherine , Poole Emma
Published: July 2024

As the world continues to be gripped by the COVID-19 pandemic, emergency response agencies are faced with the dual roles of protecting their employees while also protecting the public. In order to safely provide service to the community it serves, the Calgary Police Service (CPS) has sought to protect the health of its employees by changing processes, adopting new safety procedures and providing additional equipment. Concurrent with this, it has faced the challenge of how to communicate new, system-wide changes effectively and quickly during a period of unprecedented information overload, social uncertainly and scientific complexity. This paper shares lessons learned from months of using strategic communication to meet operational objectives. It draws on case studies from the incident management team to highlight specific challenges and successes in trying to reach 3,000 employees and the public at large, while trying to keep pace with the constantly changing threat of COVID-19.