bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
First record of Telestes pleurobipunctatus (Stephanidis, 1939) in freshwater of Al-Bireh Dam, Wadi Al-Ayoun, Hama, Syria
Authors: Balloul Razan Hasan , Galiya Mohamad Youns , Mansour Ali Abdullatif
Published: July 2024

Despite a large number of studies on freshwater fish fauna in Syrian aquatic habitats lack of data exists for many. This study was conducted in Al-Bireh Dam, located in Wadi Al-Oyoun region, Hama Governorate of Syria and recorded Telestes pleurobipunctatus (Stephanidis, 1939) (Cyprinidae) for the first time. In April 2023, thirteen individuals of the species were caught using local fishing methods. The species is characterised by the presence of a dark band on the sides of the body extending from the front of the snout to the end of the caudal fin, and an orange spot at the base of the pectoral fin. This research sheds light on the qualitative composition of the fish fauna in Al-Bireh Dam Lake, as the species T. pleurobipunctatus is recorded for the first time in Syrian freshwaters.
Öne Çıkan Dil Öğretim Metotları: Temeller, Gelişimler ve Analiz
Authors: Kannas Dr. Mohamad Burhan
Published: July 2024

Ana dilinden farklı bir dil öğreniminde dilin nasıl öğretileceği tarih boyunca tartışılmıştır. Yöntem, öğretmenin hedeflerine göre takip ettiği ve öğretim faaliyetini kontrol ettiği kapsamlı bir plan olarak tanımlanmıştır. Teknik ise sınıf içindeki derslerde izlenen kısmî adımlar olması itibariyle yöntemin kapsamına girer. Dil öğretiminde yöntem, öğrenme sürecini etkileyen önemli etkenlerden biridir. Bu yöntemler çoğu zaman birbirlerine karşıt yaklaşım sonucunda ortaya çıkmış olsa da geçmişten günümüze geliştirilmiştir. Bu gelişim sürecinin tarihsel gereksinim temelinde oluştuğunu söyleyebiliriz. Her yöntem kendinden önceki yöntemin de alternatifi olarak görülür. Dil öğretimindeki çeşitlilik hangi yöntemin daha etkili olduğu problemini de ortaya çıkarmıştır. Bu makalede de en yaygın dil öğretim yöntemleri incelenmiştir. Bu yöntemler; dil bilgisi-çeviri yöntemi, düz varım yöntemi (direkt yöntemi), okuma yöntemi, işitsel-dilsel yöntemdir. Öğretim yöntemlerinin yanı sıra bunların olumlu ve olumsuz özelliklerine değinilmiştir.
Ausgesprochen sicherer – Schweigen als Thema der Arbeitssicherheit
Authors: Knoll Michael ,   Institut für Kulturwissenschaften, Universität Leipzig, Dellve Lotta ,   Department of Sociology and Work Science, University of Gothenburg, Schweden
Published: July 2024

Halten Mitarbeitende Fragen, Ideen und Bedenken zurück, werden potenzielle Gefahren, Fehler und Fehlentwicklungen zu spät erkannt und Möglichkeiten verschenkt, Arbeitsplätze sicherer zu machen. Im folgenden Beitrag geht es darum, für die Bedeutung des Themas Schweigen im Rahmen der – physischen, psychischen und sozialen – Arbeitssicherheit zu sensibilisieren. Zudem wird diskutiert, warum Menschen individuell und als Gruppe kritische Themen nicht ansprechen und wo und wann Interventionen helfen können, das Schweigen zu überwinden.
Berufskrankheiten in der Grünen Branche (Folge 3): Lass dich nicht verbrennen – Einfache Präventionsmaßnahmen helfen, weißem Hautkrebs vorzubeugen
Authors: Breuer Markus ,   Sozialversicherung für Landwirtschaft, Forsten und Gartenbau – Bereich Prävention, Kassel
Published: July 2024

Plattenepithelkarzinome oder multiple aktinische Keratosen der Haut durch natürliche UV-Strahlung (BK-Nr. 5103) führen die Rangliste der Berufskrankheiten innerhalb der Grünen Branche mit über 2000 Verdachtsanzeigen pro Jahr an. Präventionsfachleute gehen davon aus, dass die Zahl in den nächsten Jahren weiter ansteigen wird. Die SVLFG unternimmt seit Jahren große Anstrengungen, um dieser Entwicklung entgegenzuwirken.
Neuregelung: Gesetzlicher THC-Grenzwert im öffentlichen Straßenverkehr
Authors: Aligbe Patrick
Published: July 2024

Das „Cannabisgesetz“ führte zu einer Teillegalisierung in Bezug auf Cannabis und lässt auch entsprechende Auswirkungen auf das Arbeits- und Gesellschaftsleben erwarten. Insbesondere problematisch erweist sich der Umstand, dass sich verlässliche Grenzwerte für sämtliche Tätigkeiten nicht benennen lassen. Für das Führen von Kraftfahrzeugen im öffentlichen Straßenverkehr hat der Gesetzgeber nun einen Grenzwert normiert.
Beschlüsse mit Breitenwirkung: Arbeitsmedizin beim 128. Deutschen Ärztetag
Authors: Letzel Stephan ,   Universitätsmedizin Mainz Institut für Lehrergesundheit, Schoeller Annegret , Nesseler Thomas ,   Bundesärztekammer, Berlin,   Geschäftsstelle der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Arbeitsmedizin und Umweltmedizin e.V., München
Published: July 2024

Der 128. Deutsche Ärztetag tagte vom 7. bis zum 10. Mai 2024 in Mainz. Der Deutsche Ärztetag ist die Hauptversammlung der Bundesärztekammer und damit das „Parlament der deutschen Ärzteschaft“. Er findet in der Regel einmal jährlich an wechselnden Orten statt. Zu den Aufgaben des Deutschen Ärztetages zählen sowohl die Erarbeitung von bundesweiten Regelungen zum Berufsrecht, etwa zur Muster-Berufsordnung und zur Muster-Weiterbildungsordnung, als auch die Debatte von aktuellen gesundheits- und sozialpolitischen Themen zur Gesundheitspolitik mit entsprechenden Beschlussfassungen. Neben wichtigen Beschlüssen zu Themen wie ambulanter und stationärer ärztlicher Versorgung, Medizinforschung, Neuregelung der ärztlichen Ausbildung und Berufsausbildung, Weiterbildung, Qualitätssicherung in der Medizin und Bürokratieabbau wurden beim 128. Deutschen Ärztetag auch spezielle Themenfelder fokussiert. Einige davon sind nicht nur für die Arbeitsmedizin besonders relevant.
"Cause of Action": How Could the Supreme Court of Appeal Get it so Wrong? Olesitse v Minister of Police (SCA) (Unreported) Case No: 470/2021 of 15 June 2022
Authors: Msaule Phindile Raymond
Published: July 2024

This contribution contends that in holding that the once-and-for-all rule was applicable in Olesitse NO v Minister of Police the SCA erred. The error was cause by the SCA mischaracterising the cause of action in this matter. It is trite that the succesful application of the once-and-for-all rule is depended on the finding by the court that the current claim is based on the same cause of action with the previous claim. It is also trite that different causes of action may emanate from the same set of fact or even from a single conduct. In Olesitse the SCA failed to appreciate this incontrovertible proposition of law. Although the SCA seems to suggest that the causes of action in this case was different from an earlier action, this submission is unmasked by the Court's conclusion that the difference between the causes of action in this case and the previous case "pales into significance having regard to the fact that the event gave to [the earlier] claim is the same." This conclusion not only misstates the law, it also ignored the significance of the difference of the constituent elements of the two causes of action (unlawful arrest and detention on the one hand and malicious prosecution on the other). To underscore the importance of this difference, it should be noted that the two causes of action do not arise at the same time, and therefore may be brought at different times. It trite also that the prescription of theses causes of action to not begin to run at the same time. How the court could have ignored these factors is incomprehensible. It is thus plain to see that the SCA came to the incorrect conclusion that the once-and-for-all rule was applicable in this case because it had the different causes of action implicated in this case. Needless to say, had the SCA carefully analysed the two causes of action it would not have came to the conclusion it did.
Influence of temperature on non-exchange sorption of aromatic amino acids by anion exchanger AV-17-8
Authors: Lisitsyna Svetlana A. , Khokhlova Oksana N. , Khokhlov Vladimir Yu.
Published: July 2024

The equilibrium in thearomatic amino acid (tryptophan, phenylalanine, tyrosine and histidine) – anion exchanger AV-17-8 (Cl-) systems at different temperatures was investigated In order to identify the influence of both increased and decreased temperatures on the sorption equilibrium the temperature range was 277-343 K was studied. Sorption isotherms were obtained at 277, 293, and 343 K. The thermodynamic description of sorption systems was carried out using an approach based on the idea that the sorption process is stoichiometric. The integral and differential energy characteristics and the compensation effect between the enthalpy and entropy components for the studied sorption systems were calculated.
A change in temperature led to a change in the physicochemical properties of the studied sorbates and sorbent. In the temperature range 277-243 K, the solvent content in the sorbent phase remained unchanged. A low solvent content at a temperature of 333 K and an increase in its amount at 343 K were experimentally established. It should be considered that at different temperatures the ionization constants of functional groups and the regions of existence of ionic forms of amino acids change, but the sorption mechanism does not change, since the recharging of amino acids did not occur.
It was established that the process is exothermic for tryptophan and phenylalanine. With increasing temperature, the amount of sorbed substance decreased. The absorption energy was low due to the significant compensatory effect of enthalpy and entropy factors, the differential Gibbs energy was practically independent of temperature due to the stabilizing effect of hydrophobic forces in the sorbent phase. For the poorly soluble amino acid tyrosine, when the temperature increased from 277 to 293 K, a slight increase in sorption was observed, and with a further increase, a decrease to trace amounts was revealed. In the temperature range of 277-293 K, the sorption process was characterized by the formation of a supersaturated solution in the sorbent phase and was endothermic. The sorption of hydrophilic histidine increased with increasing temperature, which correlates with the solvent content in the sorbent phase, including low content at 333 K. The process of histidine sorption is endothermic, characterized by a strong dependence of the differential Gibbs energy on temperature and the absence of a compensation effect between the enthalpic and entropic components.
Synthesis of zeolite materials based on dispersed microspheres from fly ash from coal combustion and their sorption properties in relation to Pb(II) and Cd(II)
Authors: Kutikhina Ekaterina A. , Vereshchagina Tatiana A. , Mazurova Elena V. , Buyko Olga V. , Fomenko Elena V. , Anshits Alexander G.
Published: July 2024

The influence of the composition of two narrow fractions of dispersed microspheres from fly ash from coal combustion and synthesis conditions on the production of microspherical monozeolite materials of a certain structural type was studied. The possibility of using synthesis products as Pb2+ and Cd2+ sorbents was assessed. It has been established that zeolitization products based on microspheres with a high content of glass phase (more than 90 wt. %) are monolithic solid materials of the geopolymer type, consisting of agglomerated microsphere residues and zeolite phases and, depending on the synthesis temperature, contain mainly one zeolite phase – NaX (FAU), NaP1 (GIS) or analcime (ANA). A simultaneous increase in the alkali concentration and the temperature of hydrothermal treatment led to a deeper transformation of glass microspheres and partial agglomeration of product particles with the formation of granules up to 100 microns in size. The product of alkaline activation of microspheres with a lower glass phase content (~65 wt. %) is a dispersed material based on unreacted microspheres, zeolite phases, mullite and quartz. Most zeolite products in the low Pb2+ and Cd2+ concentration range (not higher than 20 mg/l) were characterized by high solution purification parameters – KD up to 105 ml/g, the degree of extraction was up to 99%, while the most effective were sorbents based on zeolite phases NaP1 and analcime. Sorption isotherms of Pb2+ and Cd2 were approximated using the Langmuir, Freundlich, and Dubinin-Radushkevich models. It has been established that the sorption of heavy metals from dilute solutions is best described by the Freundlich and Dubinin-Radushkevich models. It has been shown that Pb2+/Cd2+ exchange forms of zeolite materials as a result of thermal exposure at 1000 оC undergo a phase transformation with the formation of mineral-like feldspar phases including lead (PbAl2Si2O8) or cadmium (CdAl2Si2O8).
Thin layer chromatography of plant phospholipids of Zea mays (L.) un-der the action of the phytohormone kinetin in different aeration condi-tions
Authors: Ershova Antonina N. , Sterligova Irina A.
Published: July 2024

Under extreme weather conditions, crops are exposed to excess rainfall, causing the acute oxygen starvation of plants. The treatment of plants with phytohormones started in order to increase plant resistance to stresses. Using thin layer chromatography, the effect of the phytohormone kinetin on the content of plant phospholipids was studied under different aeration conditions. A kinetin solution (10 mg l-1) was injected into the etiolated maize seedlings separated from the roots by the suction method with a transpiration current and seedlings were transferred to aeration conditions, hypoxia or carbon dioxide (9 hours). Control plants were not treated with kinetin. Samples were fixed with boiling isopropanol and extracted with a hexane:isopropanol mixture (3:2). After purification from non-lipid impurities, lipids were evaporated and dissolved in chloroform. Phospholipids were isolated on silica gel W plates and further separated into classes on silica gel 60G plates. (“Merk”, Germany). It was found that the content of total phospholipids in maize seedlings decreased to 84.9% under hypoxic conditions and to 54.5% in CO2. If plants were pre-treated with kinetin, the content of total phospholipids practically did not change (96.2%), and in CO2 it increased to 88.5%. When plants were treated with kinetin under aeration conditions, the content of phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylserine (PS) and phosphatilylethanolamium (PEA) increased, and phosphatidylglycerol (PG) decreased by almost 40%. Under conditions of oxygen deficiency, changes in the composition of phospholipids were different. The content of PS and PC in seedlings increased by1.5-2.0 times, and the content of PG and PEA decreased to 27.2% and 20.0% of the control. Treatment of maize seedlings with kinetin reduced the effect of gaseous media on the content of all analysed classes of phospholipids in plants, this was especially evident in CO2.
Thus, it can be considered proven that the protective effect of kinetin is realized due to the ability of this phytohormone to maintain the optimal content and ratio of phospholipid components characteristic of a given tissue in plants exposed to various unfavourable environmental factors, including oxygen deficiency and high concentrations of carbon dioxide.
Propolis: chemical composition, antioxidant activity and effect on human health
Authors: Yashin Alexander Ya. , Chernousova Nina I. , Guskov Vladimir Yu. , Yashin Yakov I.
Published: July 2024

Propolis has been used by humans since ancient times, it was known in Egypt and Greece. Propolis contains many biologically active compounds: antioxidants, flavonoids, phenolic acids, vitamins, etc. Due to the content of antioxidant polyphenols, propolis has high antioxidant activity and many therapeutic effects: anti-carcinogenic, antiviral, antidiabetic, antibacterial. Propolis is recognized as a therapeutic agent with cardioprotective, anti-inflammatory properties. The paper provides information on the anti-oxidant activity of propolis from 8 regions of Bashkortostan, the most honey-bearing republic of the Russian Federation.
Evaluation of the efficiency of coconut dust extract as a corrosion inhibitor for steel reinforcement in concrete by mass spectrometry
Authors: Linh Cao Nhat , Shevtsov Dmitry S. , Chi Nguyen Van , Quang Nong Quoc , Minenkova Irina V. , Gam Pham Thi , Tien Nguyen Anh , Zyablov Alexander N.
Published: July 2024

Ethanol extraction was employed to isolate a range of compounds from waste products derived from coconut fiber production (coconut dust) in Ben Tre, Vietnam. Phytochemical screening confirmed the presence of flavonoids, tannins, polyphenols, saponins, alkaloids, flobatannins, and anthraquinones among the extracted substances. FT-IR spectroscopy analysis supported the identification of oxygen and nitrogen atoms within functional groups (e.g., O–H, N–H, C–O) and aromatic rings, characteristic of typical corrosion inhibitors. Mass spectrometry investigations indicated that when St3 steel was exposed to an alkaline solution lacking chlorides, a passive film composed of FeOOH formed on the surface. However, upon the addition of NaCl at a concentration of 1.00 mol/dm3, FeCl, FeCl2Cl–, and FeCl3Cl– compounds were detected across the analyzed surface, while peaks corresponding to FeOO– were absent. Remarkably, areas with the highest concentration of particles corresponded to regions exhibiting visible corrosion damage under magnification. The addition of 2.00 g/dm3 of coconut dust extract to the chloride solution prevents the formation of Fe and Cl compounds on the steel surface. Consequently, only peaks characteristic of FeOO– and organic fragments containing oxygen atoms from the extract were observed.
Based on these results, it can be assumed that coconut dust extract has the potential to inhibit local (pitting) corrosion of low-carbon steel (St3) when exposed to aqueous alkaline solutions simulating concrete pore liquid containing chlorides. The addition of 2.00 g/dm3 of the extract has been shown to prevent pitting formation at a chloride concentration of 1.00 mol/dm3. Conversely, in the absence of the extract, visible local corrosion damage was observed upon magnification. These findings provide a basis for further exploration of the protective properties of coconut dust extract as an environment-friendly corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in concrete environments containing chlorides.
Adsorption immobilization of enzymes on alginates: properties and use of drugs based on them. Short review
Authors: Lavlinskaya Maria S. , Sorokin Andrey V. , Zuev Yuriy F. , Holyavka Marina G. , Artyukhov Valery G.
Published: July 2024

Despite the widespread use of enzymes in various industries, primarily in food industry, leather, pharmaceuticals, cosmetology and biomedicine, their low stability and lack of reusability limit their use. Immobilization of enzymes, i.e. limitation of the degrees of freedom of their molecules by fixing them on some carrier can help overcome these limitations. However, interactions with the support and immobilization technique can affect the catalytic ability of enzymes. In this study, we briefly summarized the information on methods for immobilizing enzymes on alginic acid and its derivatives and focused on adsorption immobilization and the use of such enzyme preparations immobilized on alginates. Alginic acid is an unbranched heterogeneous copolymer consisting of 1,4-linked β-D-mannuronic acid and α-L-guluronic acid residues. Immobilization of enzymes on alginates often improves their stability and allows the reuse of biocatalysts. The adsorption of enzymes on alginic acid matrices and its derivatives is an effective process in terms of immobilization yield, i.e. the proportion of protein adsorbed on the carrier often exceeds 50%. Availability, biocompatibility, resistance to microbial contamination, non-toxicity and low cost make this polysaccharide a promising candidate for use as an enzyme carrier. In addition, the intrinsic biological activity of alginic acid makes it promising as a component for the creation of biocatalysts for medical or food purposes. Composites obtained from natural alginate by and their combination with other materials, both organic and inorganic, open up many new applications for immobilized enzymes. The study examines the possibilities of using enzymes immobilized on alginate or composites, widely used in the food industry. The final part of the article presents the main conclusions and also discusses the limitations of the industrial application of alginate carriers and possible ways to solve them.
Effective Ion Charges in Ion Exchangers and Electrolyte Solutions
Authors: Shaposhnik Vladimir A.
Published: July 2024

Structures, effective numbers of charges and molecular orbitals of ion pairs and representative fragments of a sulfocation exchanger in various ionic forms were calculated by the non-empirical quantum chemical method of LCAO MO. The effective charges of ions in accordance with the principles of the molecular orbital method were fractional values. For contact ion pairs, where the effective ion charges were experimentally measured by X-ray absorption spectroscopy, we obtained full agreement with the calculated values. The charge numbers of cations and anions differed in both hydrate-separated and ion-exchange systems due to the fact that the oxygen atoms of hydrated water molecules influenced the formation of molecular orbitals. According to the obtained values of the numbers of charges and interionic distances, the energies of the electrostatic interaction of ions were calculated using the integral form of Coulomb's law. Experimental values of the energies of chemical bonds of counterions and fixed ions were obtained using the conductometric contact-difference method when measuring the specific electrical conductivity of MK-40 cation exchange membranes in the range of 20-50oC and according to the Arrhenius equation. The coordination of experimental and calculated chemical bond energies in the ion exchanger was achieved after the addition of hydrogen bond energy to the electrostatic interaction energy. In order to be able to completely nonempirically calculate the energies of chemical bonds in an ion exchanger, we took the value of the hydrogen bond energy as the excitation energy of the first energy level of deformation vibrations of water molecules having a value of 19.4 kJ/mol. A comparison of the contribution of the electrostatic interaction to the total binding energy of alkali metal cations with a fixed ion showed its small role in ion exchange and membrane transport, so that in the first approximation we can say that the transfer of alkali metal cations is determined by the breaking of the hydrogen bond. For cations of a larger charge (calcium), the electrostatic energy already makes a significant contribution, and for trivalent ions, the energies of the Coulomb interaction and hydrogen bonding are close to each other. The soliton mechanism of translation of the energy of deformation vibrations along a chain of water molecules is considered, which allows explaining the decrease in energy when several hydrogen bonds are broken.
Optimization of the thin layer chromatography method conditions for the detection of related dioxidine impurities
Authors: Obraztsova Nadezhda A. , Samsonov Aleksey А. , Berezhnoy Valentin S. , Shmeleva Varvara N. , Golubeva Natalia A.
Published: July 2024

When developing methods for analysing active pharmaceutical substances (API), it is necessary to take into account modern requirements for the content of impurities in them. At the same time, for some drugs that have been on the pharmaceutical market for a long time, analysis methods are still used that are unable to provide the necessary sensitivity and specificity. One of these API is 2,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)quinoxaline-1,4-dioxide (dioxidin), which has high bactericidal activity against a wide range of microorganisms. According to the requirements of the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation XIV edition, related impurities of this API are analysed by thin layer chromatography (TLC). However, this method is semi-quantitative and relative. The purpose of this work is to determination of impurities in the dioxydine substance using high-performance liquid and thin-layer chromatography methods. In accordance with the requirements of the monograph of the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation, the total content of all impurities in the API is assessed and only the content of quinoxidine is determined separately, which is often absent from the substance. For the first time, three typical dioxidine related impurities were revealed using HPLC. Next, we selected the optimal conditions for their detection by TLC. Methanol/acetonitrile (75/25) and dichloromethane/acetonitrile (50/50) mixtures were the most suitable as a solvent for impurities and the TLC elution system, respectively. Under the selected conditions, satisfactory separation of the chromatographic zones of all four impurities and the dioxidine substance was observed. The corresponding zones were clearly visible at a substance concentration of 1%. However, reducing their concentration to the required 0.1% made it difficult to visually detect impurities. Thus, even when optimizing TLC conditions, it is impossible to obtain reliable data on the content of related impurities, which is due to the limitations of the method. On the contrary, the analysis of dioxidine substances by HPLC allows fairly accurate quantitative determination of individual related impurities.
A simultaneous dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction and GC-MS determination of PCBs and PAHs in nature waters
Authors: Temerdashev Zaual A. , Chervonnaya Tatiana A. , Musorina Tatiana N.
Published: July 2024

The subject of this study is polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) – super ecotoxicants and widely distributed organic pollutants in natural waters. Their danger lies in acute toxicity, cumulative action, and long-term effects on living organisms. The degree of water ecosystem pollution is assessed based on the levels of indicator compounds, with 16 PAHs and 7 PCBs. Assessing the levels of these super ecotoxicants when they are simultaneously present in natural waters is an urgent task of ecological monitoring in order to obtain reliable information about the pollution level of the water body. The aim of this study is to evaluate the possibility of dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) of PCBs and PAHs and GC-MS determination in natural waters in their simultaneous presence. To achieve the set goal, the peculiarities of simultaneous extraction and determination of PAHs and PCBs from natural waters were studied. The selected range of analyte concentrations was determined based on literature data on environmental monitoring and the maximum allowable concentrations (MAC) of the investigated components in natural waters. The similarity of the applied methods for extraction and detection of PAHs and PCBs allowed for the justification of the approach to selecting a universal sample preparation scheme for simultaneous extraction and GC-MS determination of both classes of analytes. The possibilities of modifications of DLLME extraction of PAHs and PCBs, differing in dispersion method and nature of the extractor, were studied in combination with chromatographic-mass spectrometric determination of the analytes. Simultaneous extraction of super-toxicants was achieved by applying DLLME with a binary dispersant – 500 μl acetone + 500 μl acetonitrile and 150 μl chloroform as the extractor. The chloroform extract after DLLME extraction of the analytes without re-dissolution was used for GC-MS determination of 16 PAHs and 7 PCBs on a specific 60 m long capillary column with a 5% polyarylene + 95% dimethylpolysiloxane stationary phase with gradual heating of the thermostat from 60 to 290°C. Using the selected ion monitoring (SIM) mode increased the reliability of component identification in matrices of natural waters. The possibility of mutual influence of ecotoxicants on their extraction in the presence of each other was studied. Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction with a binary dispersant provided simultaneous extraction of analytes at a level of 80-97%. The proposed analysis scheme allowed for GC-MS determination of 16 PAHs and 7 PCBs in the presence of each other in natural waters over a wide range of concentrations (0.02-40 μg/L) with an accuracy of 7-18% (PAHs) and 11-18% (PCBs). The relative standard deviations of repeatability and reproducibility for PAHs were in the ranges of 3.1-6.5% and 4.3-7.7%, respectively, and for PCBs 2.8-5.3% and 3.4-6.0%.
Equilibrium characteristics of sorption of some phenolic compounds by FIBAN A-1 fiber from aqueous solutions
Authors: Krylova Anastasia G. , Voronyuk Iraida V. , Eliseeva Tatiana V.
Published: July 2024

Many phenolic compounds are related to the group of toxic substances, the occurrence of which in wastewater has a negative impact on the environment. In addition to extraction, biochemical, and membrane methods for the isolation of hydroxybenzenes from aqueous media, sorption methods using active carbon, nonionic polymers, and ion-exchange materials are also actively used. The purpose of this work was to establish the features of the sorption of phenol, resorcinol and phloroglucinol from aqueous solutions with FIBAN fibers.
Sorption was studied under static conditions at a temperature of 298 K. An assessment of the amount of absorbed sorbates by fibers of various nature indicates that FIBAN A-1 fiber exhibits better capacity characteristics relative to phenolic compounds. This fact is due to the nature of the matrix (styrene-divinylbenzene) and the high basicity of the functional groups of this sorbent, which increase the number of sorption centers for the uptake of hydroxybenzenes.
The isotherms of the sorption of phenol, resorcinol and phloroglucin in the concentration range 0.5-10 mmol/dm3 indicate the affinity of FIBAN A-1 to these sorbates. In the entire range of concentrations studied, the highest recovery rates are characteristic of trihydroxybenzene. The paper provides a formal analysis of the obtained equilibrium curves based on the choice of the sorption equation that most closely describes the experimental dependences. The apparent constants of sorption equilibrium are calculated, the energy characteristics of uptake process are estimated.
Isolation of extracellular vesicles from corn leaves using differential ultracentrifugation and the identification of miR165a microRNA
Authors: Fedorin Dmitriy N. , Chuikova Viktoria O. , Eprintsev Alexander T.
Published: July 2024

MicroRNAs are a class of non-coding RNA molecules that act as important regulators of various biological processes in plants. MicroRNAs play a significant regulatory role in the early reaction of the cell to a stressful impact, including intercellular signalling. Extracellular vesicles of plants are essential for the transport of molecules in plants. Numerous methods for isolating extracellular vesicles have been developed over the past decade, and differential centrifugation allows the isolation of small vesicles. Using the differential centrifugation method, we managed to isolate two fractions of extracellular vesicles (P40 and P100) from corn leaves that were different in size and molecular weight. The fraction of large vesicles had a size of more than 150 nm and contained high and low molecular nucleic acids.
We also determined the sizes of vesicles of the P100 fraction which contained only low molecular nucleic acids: they were from 30 to 200 nm. A specific probe was designed to identify miR165a microRNA using polymerase chain reaction. Using the stem-loop probe allowed obtaining cDNA matrices larger than 70 nucleotide pairs (bp), which was sufficient to evaluate the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The results of RT-PCR analysis with specific primers for miR165a microRNA showed the presence of an amplification product approximately 70-80 nucleotide pairs in size, which corresponded to theoretical values. Therefore, fractions of extracellular vesicle from corn leaves contained miR165a microRNA, which may explain their physiological function as intercellular transport of small non-coding RNAs.
Digital Literacy to Improve The Professionalism of Online Media Journalists in Bengkulu, Indonesia
Authors: Gushevinalti Gushevinalti ,   The University of Bengkulu, Indonesia, Suparman Suparman ,   The University of Bengkulu, Indonesia
Published: July 2024

This study aims to know the competence of digital literacy Online media journalists in Bengkulu City in complying with cyber media guidelines to support professionalism ranging from verification activities to writing news or delivering coverage to editors. Also to identify efforts made by online media journalists in Bengkulu City using tools for fact checking to verify news materials. This research uses a qualitative descriptive approach. The data collection method uses interviews, observation and focus group discussion. This study's Informants are journalists registered as members of the Indonesian Cyber Media Network (JMSI) and the Indonesian Cyber Media Union (SMSI) in Bengkulu. The results of the study concluded that the literacy of journalists in using digital media is quite good. However, it cannot be included in the excellent category because journalists lack knowledge and skills in digital literacy competencies. Moreover, journalists knowledge and skills upgrades such as fact-checking or digital literacy training is minimal, eventhough journalists understand the challenges in publishing journalistic works today. Generally, journalists use tools for checking facts or verifying sources of information either conventionally or manually. However, the strength in publishing journalistic works is the collaboration of cyber media within press companies to produce quality work. The FGD found that only Bengkulu Eskpress conducts fact checks in its journalistic work, because its journalists have received fact-check training conducted by the Alliance of Independent Journalists (AJI). The study results also show that online media utilize digital-based tools because they have received fact checking training, namely Bengkulu Ekspress. Keywords: Digital literacy, professionalism, online media, journalists, fact checking.
Migrant Employment: A Blessing in Disguise from the ‘Unseen’?
Authors: Yaheya Farhana Izzati ,   Universiti Malaya, Subramaniam Thirunaukarasu ,   Universiti Malaya
Published: July 2024

Migrant workers are hired mainly to fill the demand in dirty, dangerous, and demeaning (3D) jobs in Malaysia. However, the transformation of temporary migrants into entrepreneurs while in migration, resulted in migrants’ entrepreneurship registration conundrum because they were only allowed to register for companies with private limited by shares. Currently, business registration as sole proprietors, enterprises, and limited liability partnerships are restricted to Malaysian citizens only. During the pandemic, it was observed that migrants faced heightened difficulties with marginalization and discrimination. Social media comments were captured to observe public perception towards migrants’ entrepreneurship in COVID-19 environment. A netnography analysis was conducted on eight official government agencies' Facebook pages, where 218 Facebook posts related to migrants’ entrepreneurship were observed for data collection to conduct thematic analysis. Common themes captured in the comments related to COVID-19 shaped public opinions on the topic. It was revealed that Malaysian public felt that something good resulted from COVID-19 when more enforcement measures were done during the pandemic to mitigate migrants’ enterprises. Based on thematic analysis of the comments, users criticized the lack of actions from the authorities in the past and that COVID-19 resulted in more enforcement measures due to the perceptions that migrants are responsible in spreading disease. The public has also supported such actions taken by the authority as it is seen as an opportunity to create more openings for locals to be involved in businesses especially for those who lost their jobs due to the pandemic. Keywords: Migrant entrepreneurship, COVID-19, migrant marginalization, netnography, Facebook.
Exploring Intersectionality in Digital Anti-Fandom of the “Women-Centered” China’s TV Series Ruyi's Royal Love in the Palace
Authors: Cao Weiwei ,   Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Aziz Jamaluddin ,   Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
Published: July 2024

In recent years, there has been a growing body of research on women representations in China’s media products. However, there is a dearth of studies about women representations in digital anti-fans. This gap leads to a limited understanding of the audience’s participation in discussing women-centered media content and gender issues in China’s society. Within this context, this study investigates China’s digital TV fandom, focusing on the anti-fans’ discourse of a women-centered TV series Ruyi’s Royal Love in the Palace. The research questions are: What are power dynamics in the anti-fans discourse? To what extent does the anti-fan discourse reflect women empowerment? We analyzed 5 roasting videos from anti-fans and related posts and comments as our data. Using intersectionality and Critical Discourse Analysis as the theoretical framework, the data is analyzed thematically. The analysis unveils that multiple oppression is reflected in the anti-fans’ discourse, which shows resistance against hegemony and changes in power relations. This anti-fans discourse is an alternative form of women’s empowerment of discussing multiple inequalities in China’s society under a politically sensitive online environment. This research uncovers the intersection of gender, class, and power dynamics within anti-fandom spaces as a critical ideological battleground where female marginalization is actively contested. By highlighting the anti-fan’s criticism of women representations in China's media content, this study significantly contributes to both fan studies and the broader discourse on women empowerment. It underscores the transformative potential of anti-fandom in challenging entrenched social norms and promoting gender equity in digital media. Keywords: Multiple inequalities, digital culture, multiple identities, women representation, discourse analysis.
Penerimaan dan Cabaran Inovasi Muzik Digital Terhadap Industri Muzik di Malaysia
Authors: Kamaruddin Nur Zaheera Zailan ,   Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Hashim Hasrul ,   Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
Published: July 2024

Acceptance and Challenge of Digital Music Innovation to the Music Industry in Malaysia ABSTRACT: Music is an important element that greatly influences society through cultural adaptation and creativity. It is constantly evolving and innovating along with technological changes and advances. The development of digital music has had a significant impact on the adaptation of Malaysian musicians to technological advances. This paper examines aspects of the acceptance and challenges of digital music innovation among musicians in Malaysia. Christensen's perspective on disruptive innovation has been used as a research framework to understand these aspects of the acceptance of innovation more clearly. Five prominent Malaysian industry players were interviewed as informants to collect data on acceptance-related aspects. The results show that Malaysian industry players are embracing the digital revolution, especially with the emergence of digital streaming platforms such as TikTok, YouTube, Spotify, Instagram and SoundCloud, which facilitate fan access and help to accept work. The strengths and weaknesses of the local music industry structure can also be identified, where the overall economic picture shows a positive impact despite the difficult transition to digital media. Overall, local industry players accept the changes in Malaysian digital music innovation and adapt to technological progress. This innovation is viewed as a wide-ranging opportunity for industry players to better understand the current landscape and take appropriate measures to ensure the continuous development of the Malaysian music industry. Keywords: Digital music, innovation disruption, digital platform, Malaysian music industry, technology.
University Students’ Engagement with Ulamas’ Political Messages on Social Media
Authors: Usman Usman ,   Alauddin State Islamic University, Indonesia, Amirsyah Amirsyah , Siagian Haidir Fitra ,   Jakarta Muhammadiyah University, Indonesia,   Alauddin State Islamic University, Indonesia
Published: July 2024

Ulama involvement in educating the young generation about political issues is seen as crucial. However, their involvement's significance potentially diminishes with the increased accessibility of political information through digital media. This qualitative study utilises the Uses and Gratifications Theory as a valuable lens in exploring the engagement of university students in Sulawesi, Indonesia, with ulamas’ political lectures on social media. Thematic analysis of 101 eligible participant’s responses resulted in four key themes: da’wah preferences, content, styles, and impacts. Politics was not the primary or secondary topic preference for the young adults when engaging with Islamic lectures on social media. Instead, topics such as Islamic rituals and the life of the Prophet took precedence. Participants emphasised that ulamas maintained the balance between entertaining audiences and keeping online da’wah educating and relevant to the audience. Ulamas’ arguments in da’wah should be grounded in Islamic texts and prevent divisiveness in society. Students confirmed that their knowledge and attitudes towards important national or local issues were improved due to ulamas’ da’wah. Although students expressed a sense of powerlessness to address political issues highlighted in da’wah, some reported that da’wah motivated them to take action. This study underscores the importance of ulamas adjusting their da’wah approach to suit young audiences. Further research needs to explore strategies to enhance youth engagement with political content on social media. Keywords: Opinion leaders, ulama, political messages, da’wah, social media.
Examining The Organisational Competencies in Managing Health Lifestyle Campaigns on Social Media for Society’s Wellbeing
Authors: Ayub Suffian Hadi ,   Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Thaheer Baby Anusha Nur Mohamed , Tóth Zsuzsanna , Ibrahim Muhamad Shamsul , Yassin Yuslinda Mat ,   Universiti Teknologi MARA,   J. Selye University, Slovakia,   Universiti Malaya,   Universiti Teknologi MARA
Published: July 2024

The increase in unhealthy lifestyles such as smoking, obesity, and lack of exercise has been identified as the main cause of the surge in health issues among the population of Malaysia. The government has aggressively promoted a healthy lifestyle through various nationwide programs and campaigns to transform Malaysia into a sporting nation. To promote a healthier society, the government has initiated a health-related campaign to address the growing cost of healthcare. With a large portion of the Malaysian population spending significant time on social media, the campaign uses these platforms to spread information. The ministry and agencies created social media accounts on popular platforms like Facebook to engage with online citizens. This study investigated the competencies required for implementing a health-related campaign and promotion on social media to engage the target audience. This study employed qualitative methodology to investigate the competencies of the policymakers from the Ministry of Youths and Sports Malaysia (MOYS) through in-depth interviews and qualitative content analysis (QCA). The content created by the team was also examined. The study's primary objective was to comprehensively grasp the contextual significance and motivation of the officials engaged in formulating the social media campaign. The processes involved in creating the campaign were analysed to gain further insights. The findings indicated that while the ministry acknowledged the significance of social media presence, it requires further strengthening to achieve a concentrated impact if the campaign should be intensified for maximum exposure. Keywords: Healthy lifestyle, campaign, social media, communication, government.
Intercultural Communication Challenges and the Coping Strategies Among Fresh Graduates in the Vuca Era
Authors: Ridaryanthi Melly ,   Universitas Mercu Buana, Indonesia, Susilo Anindita , Kristine Nevita ,   Universitas Mercu Buana, Indonesia,   Universitas Mercu Buana, Indonesia
Published: July 2024

Higher education has provided a set of curriculum to equip graduates with complete skill sets to enter the industry. Hard skills, as well as soft skills, are inseparable components for graduates to acquire. Industries today have rapidly changed due to the advancement of technology. Almost every aspect of life is going digital; therefore, graduates have to adapt to the simultaneous and continuous changes. In this situation, intercultural communication competence is one of the skills that will accommodate the fresh graduate to face and overcome challenges in the industry, especially in the VUCA era. All industrial players should adapt to the working cultures and adopt the advanced technological changes. This study explores the experience of fresh graduates in the industry regarding intercultural communication challenges and their coping strategies to overcome the situations. The phases of their adaptation towards the work environment will be addressed as well to understand the context better. Interviews were conducted to explore and understand their experience which eventually categorised to identify strategies that could accommodate the continuously changing situation. This study will contribute to the preparation of graduates to enter the workforce as the study found that there are three main challenges faced among fresh graduates regarding skill mismatch, lack of experience, and career adaptability. Furthermore, intercultural communication competence has contributed to their adaptation and coping strategies towards those challenges in their first job. Keywords: Intercultural competence, fresh graduate, soft skills, VUCA, coping strategies.
Exploring Cognitive Response Trends in the Age of Social Media
Authors: Rizkiansyah Mariko ,   Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia, Sugiana Dadang , Sunarya Asep , Mirawati Ira ,   Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia,   Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia,   Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia
Published: July 2024

Researchers have studied cognitive responses since their emergence in the era of television and radio media. There is much research related to advertising. However, in today's era, social media is taking over the role of television and radio as popular media for publishing messages. This research explains the development trend of cognitive response research in the social media era and the pattern of topics used in this research related to cognitive response and social media. This research uses the Prisma method to determine the answer to this question. To make research more accessible, researchers also used Rayyan.AI and VostViewer for data screening. The results show many trends in cognitive response research and social media related to COVID-19. Generally, research links cognitive responses with trust in a product or issue. Most research also makes a connection between cognitive response and the participation of social media visitors. Additionally, there is plenty of research on test effect variation from the dimensions of cognitive theory of response to social media. Topics regarding advertising are still widely used for research; meanwhile, other themes relate to health communication, politics, and news. Although Cognitive response is a widely known theory, it still can be developed and improved to help solve problem regarding social media. Keywords: Cognitive response, social media, VosViewer visualization, research trends, COVID-19.