bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Role of Stakeholders in the Context of Responsible Innovation: A Meta-Synthesis
Authors: Silva Luciana Maines da , Bitencourt Claudia Cristina , Faccin Kadígia , Iakovleva Tatiana
Published: March 2019

This paper contributes to the sustainability debate by analyzing the inclusion dimension in the responsible research and innovation (RRI) process. RRI is claimed to be an important tool for addressing global challenges and achieving sustainable development goals. While stakeholder involvement is considered to be imperative for the RRI process, there is little empirical evidence on (1) who the stakeholders participating in the RRI process are; (2) when stakeholders participate; (3) how stakeholders’ inclusion contributes to the sustainable innovation process; and (4) who the agents are who orchestrate stakeholders’ inclusion. This paper addresses the issue of stakeholder involvement through the lens of innovation management literature by attempting to link the innovation process to the responsibility concept. We employed a meta-synthesis of empirical studies of RRI to develop a deep understanding of stakeholder inclusion. After screening 139 articles, we identified seven empirical papers highlighting RRI process, mainly from projects nested in academic contexts. The findings indicate that multiple stakeholders are included at a late stage of the innovation process—during the market launch. To some extent, this allows for the adaptation of the solution, but such adaptations are limited in nature. This study also identifies the agents who stimulate stakeholder inclusion as being mainly academic researchers and researchers linked to multi-institutional projects. Our findings indicate that innovation management thinking is rarely applied in the governance of research and innovation projects ‘born’ in academia. We suggest enhancing RRI theoretical development by incorporating elements of innovation management such as early inclusion of users in the innovation process. For practitioners, this means an extension of the design space to allow early stakeholder inclusion in the innovation process to ensure responsible outcomes. We also identified avenues for future research. There is a need to systematically investigate which tools and frameworks for deliberate stakeholder inclusion are relevant at the various stages of the innovation and development process.
A Citizen Survey in the District of Steinfurt, Germany: Insights into the Local Perceptions of the Social and Environmental Activities of Enterprises in Their Region
Authors: Kress-Ludwig Michael , Funcke Simon , Böhm Madeleine , Ruppert-Winkel Chantal
Published: March 2019

Starting from the extended corporate citizenship (CC) perspective, this article focuses on the perceptions of residents in the district of Steinfurt, Germany, regarding the social and environmental activities of enterprises in their region. In a citizen survey, in the district, 1,003 households—selected by a Random-Route-Procedure—were interviewed using a partly standardized questionnaire. The results of the explorative and descriptive study show that approximately, only half of the interviewees associated social and environmental activities with enterprises in the region. The answers point towards a wide diversity of understandings. Furthermore, less than one-fifth feel well-informed about the theses activities. This hints towards a lack of information, which could be tackled by targeted communication. When asked about prioritization, most interviewees consider social activities for employees to be more relevant. In the environmental field, a majority favor local action being taken by enterprises locally, in order to prevent environmental damage in the surrounding area. These results suggest that the direct impact with regard to measures is crucial for citizens’ perceptions. In addition, residents highlight the issue of employment as a main role of enterprises in the region. This may offer an anchor point for enterprises to develop social activities that are highly relevant to the citizens.
The Environmental Effects of Urban Development in Hanoi, Vietnam from Satellite and Meteorological Observations from 1999–2016
Authors: Nguyen Thi , Lin Tang-Huang , Chan Hai-Po
Published: March 2019

Since 1990 the Hanoi capital region (or Hanoi metropolitan area) in Vietnam has undergone rapid development, which has gone together with increasing socio-economic growth and prosperity. However, the environmental degradation that has accompanied urban development has raised considerable concern from the public in recent years. This research investigates the effects of urban development on urban sprawl, urban heat island (UHI), and metropolitan weather phenomena that are related to the quality of urban life in the period from 1999–2016. To achieve these objectives, remote sensing technologies were applied to satellite images at three time points (i.e., 1999, 2009, and 2016) that were associated with the meteorological dataset from ground-based stations. The spatial distribution evolution was examined for the land use/land cover changes while using the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and normalized difference built-up index (NDBI). The increasing impact of urban sprawl on UHI intensity is determined based on the land surface temperature (LST) in multi-temporal forms. Increasing urbanization with the development of gradual outward and northward expansion from the city centre intensified the correlation analysis shows that the UHI. The potential formation of new UHI areas in the near future is also indicated. Furthermore, more than 30% of the metropolitan area is decaying in ecological quality according to an assessment of the urban thermal field variance index (UTFVI). With respect to metropolitan weather, the urbanization in Hanoi affected the observation of meteorological parameters revealed that the relative humidity, total rainfall, temperature, and wind speed over both urban and rural areas. The overall results imply that urban development and its environmental effects and impacts have imposed pressing issues and new challenges to sustainable development in the Hanoi metropolitan area.
Three-Phase Unbalanced Optimal Power Flow Using Holomorphic Embedding Load Flow Method
Authors: Rao Bharath Varsh , Kupzog Friederich , Kozek Martin
Published: March 2019

Distribution networks are typically unbalanced due to loads being unevenly distributed over the three phases and untransposed lines. Additionally, unbalance is further increased with high penetration of single-phased distributed generators. Load and optimal power flows, when applied to distribution networks, use models developed for transmission grids with limited modification. The performance of optimal power flow depends on external factors such as ambient temperature and irradiation, since they have strong influence on loads and distributed energy resources such as photo voltaic systems. To help mitigate the issues mentioned above, the authors present a novel class of optimal power flow algorithm which is applied to low-voltage distribution networks. It involves the use of a novel three-phase unbalanced holomorphic embedding load flow method in conjunction with a non-convex optimization method to obtain the optimal set-points based on a suitable objective function. This novel three-phase load flow method is benchmarked against the well-known power factory Newton-Raphson algorithm for various test networks. Mann-Whitney U test is performed for the voltage magnitude data generated by both methods and null hypothesis is accepted. A use case involving a real network in Austria and a method to generate optimal schedules for various controllable buses is provided.
Zeolite Tuff and Recycled Ceramic Sanitary Ware Aggregate in Production of Concrete
Authors: Szulej Jacek , Ogrodnik Paweł , Klimek Beata
Published: March 2019

The article presents the results of research on the use of ceramic ware waste as aggregate in concrete production. Four concrete mixtures with aluminous cement were prepared, each with a different admixture of clinoptilolite. The only used aggregate was crushed waste ceramic sanitary ware obtained from a Polish sanitary fixture production plant. As part of the studies, a compressive test of cubic samples at different curing times ranging from 7 to 90 days was performed. Prior to the preparation of the samples, a sieve analysis and an elemental analysis of the obtained aggregate were conducted. In the framework of the testing, the bimodal distribution of clinoptilolite grains was determined, as well as its chemical composition. The conducted compressive tests demonstrated high strength of concrete containing ceramic aggregate and aluminous cement with an addition of clinoptilolite. In order to determine the impact that adding zeolite exerts on the phase composition and the structure of concrete samples, an analysis of the phase composition (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy examination (SEM) were performed. Furthermore, tests of abrasion, water penetration under pressure and frost resistance were conducted, determining particular properties of the designed mixtures. The abrasion tests have confirmed that the mixtures are highly abrasion-resistant and can be used as a topcoat concrete layer. The conducted tests of selected properties have confirmed the possibility of using waste ceramic cullet and a mineral addition of clinoptilolite in concrete production.
The Effects of Creating Shared Value on the Hotel Performance
Authors: Fernández-Gámez Manuel Ángel , Gutiérrez-Ruiz A. Manuel , Becerra-Vicario Rafael , Ruiz-Palomo Daniel
Published: March 2019

The current literature on sustainable practices shows that social missions and economic achievement can be compatible. However, very few studies have offered a quantitative perspective on this relationship. This study presents the first empirical evidence of the effects of the creating shared value (CSV) principle on the performance of companies. Using a sample of Spanish hotels, the results suggest that companies that apply CSV achieve higher financial performance. These findings represent a substantial contribution to the literature and shed light on how to efficiently implement CSV practices to simultaneously achieve economic and social benefits.
Asymmetric Cost Behavior and Investment in R&D: Evidence from China’s Manufacturing Listed Companies
Authors: Sun Renji , Ho Kung-Cheng , Gu Yan , Chen Chang-Chih
Published: March 2019

Asymmetric cost behavior or stickiness has drawn attention in recent years. Although studies have focused on the causes of and factors contributing to cost stickiness, few have investigated its economic consequences. This paper empirically examines how firms’ asymmetric behavior influences their research and development (R&D) investment. Because cost stickiness increases innovation failure cost, we expect cost stickiness to reduce R&D expenditure. By using data from Chinese listed manufacturing firms between 2007 and 2015, we empirically test and confirm this hypothesis. On average, with one standard deviation added to the mean, R&D expenditure over total asset and that over total sales are reduced by 2.7% and 2.2%, respectively. Furthermore, the dampening effect of cost stickiness on R&D investment becomes more prominent with increasing risks faced by firms. Only SG&A cost stickiness exerts a dampening effect on R&D, whereas cost of goods sold (COGS) and total cost stickiness demonstrate no significant effects.
Foreign Market Adaptation and Performance: The Role of Institutional Distance and Organizational Capabilities
Authors: Ciszewska-Mlinarič Mariola , Trąpczyński Piotr
Published: March 2019

The role and significance of adaptation versus standardization for performance in foreign markets has stirred some important debates among the academic community. In this paper, we aim to contribute to the ongoing debate by applying the logic of institutional theory and organizational capabilities to reconsider the relationship between adaptation and foreign market performance. In particular, we argue based on extant theory and our own mixed-method study that while more accentuated differences in the institutional environment reinforce the role of adaptation in achieving legitimacy, the possession of relational and technological capabilities can reduce the relevance of adaptation. The empirical study is based on a sample of 284 firms in the quantitative study and eight firms in the qualitative study. Our findings reveal that adaptation is positively associated with performance in foreign markets. This relationship is also positively moderated by institutional distance, and negatively moderated by relational and technological capabilities.
Using Structural Equation Modeling to Propose a Model for Shopping Complex Design Based on Universal Design Concept
Authors: Jalil Abdullah Rebaz , Jian Tang
Published: March 2019

Universal design (UD) is a design style that promotes the design for all people regardless of their abilities and sociodemographic features. The UD is also viewed as an element of social sustainability. Shopping complexes, as one of the main places for leisure activities, can be designed and assessed based on UD to enhance the usability for all shoppers. At present, no clear definition of UD is available in shopping complex design criteria. Consequently, a very limited number of design and assessment guidelines are based on UD. The present study remedied this shortcoming in knowledge through translating and defining the conceptual components of features of UD for shopping complexes. The contribution of shopping complexes’ design elements also was identified. The aforesaid objectives were achieved through a comprehensive literature review. The findings of this review contributed to the development of conceptual models to define UD in shopping mall design. This study administrated a questionnaire to collect data, and the data were tested for model fitness using structural equation modeling. The UD translation can help practitioners and researchers to design and assess the shopping complexes to ensure all shoppers are served on an equal basis.
Reliability-Aware Cooperative Routing with Adaptive Amplification for Underwater Acoustic Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Khan Anwar , M. Altowaijri Saleh , Ali Ihsan , Rahman Atiq Ur
Published: March 2019

The protocols in underwater acoustic wireless sensor networks (UAWSNs) that address reliability in packets forwarding usually consider the connectivity of the routing paths up to one- or two-hops. Since senor nodes are connected with one another using other nodes in their neighborhood, such protocols have compromised reliability. It is because these protocols do not guarantee the presence of neighbors beyond the selected one- or two-hops for connectivity and path establishment. This is further worsened by the harshness and unpredictability of the underwater scenario. In addition, establishment of the routing paths usually requires the nodes’ undersea geographical locations, which is infeasible because currents in water cause the nodes to move from one position to another. To overcome these challenges, this paper presents two routing schemes for UAWSNs: reliability-aware routing (RAR) and reliability-aware cooperative routing with adaptive amplification (RACAA). RAR considers complete path connectivity to advance packets to sea surface. This overcomes packets loss when connectivity is not established and forwarder nodes are not available for data routing. For all the established paths, the probability of successfully transmitting data packets is calculated. This avoids the adverse channel effects. However, sea channel is unpredictable and fluctuating and its properties may change after its computation and prior to information transmission. Therefore, cooperative routing is introduced to RAR with adaptive power control of relays, which makes the RACAA protocol. In RACAA, a relay node increases its transmit power than normal when the error in the data; it receives from the sender, is more than 50 % before transferring it further to destination. This further increases the reliability when such packets are forwarded. Unlike the conventional approach, the proposed protocols are independent of knowing the geographical locations of nodes in establishing the routes, which is computationally challenging due to nodes’ movements with ocean currents and tides. Simulation results exhibit that RAR and RACAA outperform the counterpart scheme in delivering packets to the water surface.
Algebraic Entropy of a Class of Five-Point Differential-Difference Equations
Authors: Gubbiotti Giorgio
Published: March 2019

We compute the algebraic entropy of a class of integrable Volterra-like five-point differential-difference equations recently classified using the generalised symmetry method. We show that, when applicable, the results of the algebraic entropy agrees with the result of the generalised symmetry method, as all the equations in this class have vanishing entropy.
Fluctuation Theorem of Information Exchange between Subsystems that Co-Evolve in Time
Authors: Jinwoo Lee
Published: March 2019

Sagawa and Ueda established a fluctuation theorem of information exchange by revealing the role of correlations in stochastic thermodynamics and unified the non-equilibrium thermodynamics of measurement and feedback control. They considered a process where a non-equilibrium system exchanges information with other degrees of freedom such as an observer or a feedback controller. They proved the fluctuation theorem of information exchange under the assumption that the state of the other degrees of freedom that exchange information with the system does not change over time while the states of the system evolve in time. Here we relax this constraint and prove that the same form of the fluctuation theorem holds even if both subsystems co-evolve during information exchange processes. This result may extend the applicability of the fluctuation theorem of information exchange to a broader class of non-equilibrium processes, such as a dynamic coupling in biological systems, where subsystems that exchange information interact with each other.
Single and Multi-Soliton Solutions for a Spectrally Deformed Set of Maxwell-Bloch Equations
Authors: Baran Mehmet K.
Published: March 2019

A specific spectral deformation of the Maxwell-Bloch equations of nonlinear optics is investigated. The Darboux transformation formalism is adapted to this spectrally deformed system to construct its single and multi-soliton solutions. The Effects of spectral deformation on soliton behaviour is studied.
FGF23, Biomarker or Target?
Authors: Rodelo-Haad Cristian , Santamaria Rafael , Muñoz-Castañeda Juan R. , Pendón-Ruiz de Mier M. Victoria , Martin-Malo Alejandro , Rodriguez Mariano
Published: March 2019

Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) plays a key role in the complex network between the bones and other organs. Initially, it was thought that FGF23 exclusively regulated phosphate and vitamin D metabolism; however, recent research has demonstrated that an excess of FGF23 has other effects that may be detrimental in some cases. The understanding of the signaling pathways through which FGF23 acts in different organs is crucial to develop strategies aiming to prevent the negative effects associated with high FGF23 levels. FGF23 has been described to have effects on the heart, promoting left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH); the liver, leading to production of inflammatory cytokines; the bones, inhibiting mineralization; and the bone marrow, by reducing the production of erythropoietin (EPO). The identification of FGF23 receptors will play a remarkable role in future research since its selective blockade might reduce the adverse effects of FGF23. Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have very high levels of FGF23 and may be the population suffering from the most adverse FGF23-related effects. The general population, as well as kidney transplant recipients, may also be affected by high FGF23. Whether the association between FGF23 and clinical events is causal or casual remains controversial. The hypothesis that FGF23 could be considered a therapeutic target is gaining relevance and may become a promising field of investigation in the future.
Targeted Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Clostridium perfringens Toxins
Authors: Duracova Miloslava , Klimentova Jana , Myslivcova Fucikova Alena , Zidkova Lenka , Sheshko Valeria , Rehulkova Helena , Dresler Jiri , Krocova Zuzana
Published: March 2019

Targeted proteomics recently proved to be a technique for the detection and absolute quantification of proteins not easily accessible to classical bottom-up approaches. Due to this, it has been considered as a high fidelity tool to detect potential warfare agents in wide spread kinds of biological and environmental matrices. Clostridium perfringens toxins are considered to be potential biological weapons, especially the epsilon toxin which belongs to a group of the most powerful bacterial toxins. Here, the development of a target mass spectrometry method for the detection of C. perfringens protein toxins (alpha, beta, beta2, epsilon, iota) is described. A high-resolution mass spectrometer with a quadrupole-Orbitrap system operating in target acquisition mode (parallel reaction monitoring) was utilized. Because of the lack of commercial protein toxin standards recombinant toxins were prepared within Escherichia coli. The analysis was performed using proteotypic peptides as the target compounds together with their isotopically labeled synthetic analogues as internal standards. Calibration curves were calculated for each peptide in concentrations ranging from 0.635 to 1101 fmol/μL. Limits of detection and quantification were determined for each peptide in blank matrices.
Staphylococcal Superantigens: Pyrogenic Toxins Induce Toxic Shock
Authors: Krakauer Teresa
Published: March 2019

Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) and related superantigenic toxins produced by Staphylococcus aureus are potent activators of the immune system. These protein toxins bind to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules and specific Vβ regions of T-cell receptors (TCRs), resulting in the activation of both monocytes/macrophages and T lymphocytes. The bridging of TCRs with MHC class II molecules by superantigens triggers an early “cytokine storm” and massive polyclonal T-cell proliferation. Proinflammatory cytokines, tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin 1 (IL-1), IL-2, interferon γ (IFNγ), and macrophage chemoattractant protein 1 elicit fever, inflammation, multiple organ injury, hypotension, and lethal shock. Upon MHC/TCR ligation, superantigens induce signaling pathways, including mitogen-activated protein kinase cascades and cytokine receptor signaling, which results in NFκB activation and the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/mammalian target of rapamycin pathways. In addition, gene profiling studies have revealed the essential roles of innate antimicrobial defense genes in the pathogenesis of SEB. The genes expressed in a murine model of SEB-induced shock include intracellular DNA/RNA sensors, apoptosis/DNA damage-related molecules, endoplasmic reticulum/mitochondrial stress responses, immunoproteasome components, and IFN-stimulated genes. This review focuses on the signaling pathways induced by superantigens that lead to the activation of inflammation and damage response genes. The induction of these damage response genes provides evidence that SEB induces danger signals in host cells, resulting in multiorgan injury and toxic shock. Therapeutics targeting both host inflammatory and cell death pathways can potentially mitigate the toxic effects of staphylococcal superantigens.
The PB2 Polymerase Host Adaptation Substitutions Prime Avian Indonesia Sub Clade 2.1 H5N1 Viruses for Infecting Humans
Authors: Wang Pui , Song Wenjun , Mok Bobo Wing-Yee , Zheng Min , Lau Siu-Ying , Liu Siwen , Chen Pin , Huang Xiaofeng , Liu Honglian , Cremin Conor J. , Chen Honglin
Published: March 2019

Significantly higher numbers of human infections with H5N1 virus have occurred in Indonesia and Egypt, compared with other affected areas, and it is speculated that there are specific viral factors for human infection with avian H5N1 viruses in these locations. We previously showed PB2-K526R is present in 80% of Indonesian H5N1 human isolates, which lack the more common PB2-E627K substitution. Testing the hypothesis that this mutation may prime avian H5N1 virus for human infection, we showed that: (1) K526R is rarely found in avian influenza viruses but was identified in H5N1 viruses 2–3 years after the virus emerged in Indonesia, coincident with the emergence of H5N1 human infections in Indonesia; (2) K526R is required for efficient replication of Indonesia H5N1 virus in mammalian cells in vitro and in vivo and reverse substitution to 526K in human isolates abolishes this ability; (3) Indonesian H5N1 virus, which contains K526R-PB2, is stable and does not further acquire E627K following replication in infected mice; and (4) virus containing K526R-PB2 shows no fitness deficit in avian species. These findings illustrate an important mechanism in which a host adaptive mutation that predisposes avian H5N1 virus towards infecting humans has arisen with the virus becoming prevalent in avian species prior to human infections occurring. A similar mechanism is observed in the Qinghai-lineage H5N1 viruses that have caused many human cases in Egypt; here, E627K predisposes towards human infections. Surveillance should focus on the detection of adaptation markers in avian strains that prime for human infection.
A Field Recombinant Strain Derived from Two Type 1 Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV-1) Modified Live Vaccines Shows Increased Viremia and Transmission in SPF Pigs
Authors: Eclercy Julie , Renson Patricia , Lebret Arnaud , Hirchaud Edouard , Normand Valérie , Andraud Mathieu , Paboeuf Frédéric , Blanchard Yannick , Rose Nicolas , Bourry Olivier
Published: March 2019

In Europe, modified live vaccines (MLV) are commonly used to control porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) infection. However, they have been associated with safety issues such as reversion to virulence induced by mutation and/or recombination. On a French pig farm, we identified a field recombinant strain derived from two PRRSV-1 MLV (MLV1). As a result, we aimed to evaluate its clinical, virological, and transmission parameters in comparison with both parental strains. Three groups with six pigs in each were inoculated with either one of the two MLV1s or with the recombinant strain; six contact pigs were then added into each inoculated group. The animals were monitored daily for 35 days post-inoculation (dpi) for clinical symptoms; blood samples and nasal swabs were collected twice a week. PRRS viral load in inoculated pigs of recombinant group was higher in serum, nasal swabs, and tonsils in comparison with both vaccine groups. The first viremic contact pig was detected as soon as 2 dpi in the recombinant group compared to 10 and 17 dpi for vaccine groups. Estimation of transmission parameters revealed fastest transmission and longest duration of infectiousness for recombinant group. Our in vivo study showed that the field recombinant strain derived from two MLV1s demonstrated high viremia, shedding and transmission capacities.
Governing Integration: Insights from Integrating Implementation of European Water Policies
Authors: Waylen Kerry A. , Blackstock Kirsty L. , Tindale Sophie J. , Juárez-Bourke Alba
Published: March 2019

Integrated water resource management (IWRM) is a well-established goal, but there is little evidence about processes of integration linked to water policies. To address this, in 2016–2018 we used a content analysis, a survey and interviews with key actors leading the creation of plans to implement Europe’s Water Framework Directive and the Floods Directive. We explored whether and how implementation of these policies is being coordinated and reflect on implications for integrated water governance. We found a strong emphasis on achieving integration via coordination. Our interviews brought particular attention to the resources and capacities needed to improve collaboration across teams, including but not limited to information-sharing. Our study gives insight into practical approaches that may support coordination and hence integration of different policy goals for water management: however further theoretically-informed study to track these and other processes is required, as work to connect policy integration with IWRM is still in its infancy.
Bias Correction of Climate Model’s Precipitation Using the Copula Method and Its Application in River Basin Simulation
Authors: Lazoglou Georgia , Anagnostopoulou Christina , Skoulikaris Charalampos , Tolika Konstantia
Published: March 2019

During the last few decades, the utilization of the data from climate models in hydrological studies has increased as they can provide data in the regions that lack raw meteorological information. The data from climate models data often present biases compared to the observed data and consequently, several methods have been developed for correcting statistical biases. The present study uses the copula for modeling the dependence between the daily mean and total monthly precipitation using E-OBS data in the Mesta/Nestos river basin in order to use this relationship for the bias correction of the MPI climate model monthly precipitation. Additionally, both the non-corrected and bias corrected data are tested as they are used as the inputs to a spatial distributed hydrological model for simulating the basin runoff. The results showed that the MPI model significantly overestimates the E-OBS data while the differences are reduced sufficiently after the bias correction. The outputs from the hydrological models were proven to coincide with the precipitation analysis results and hence, the simulated discharges in the case of copula corrected data present an increased correlation with the observed flows.
Enhancement of Agricultural Policy/Environment eXtender (APEX) Model to Assess Effectiveness of WetlandWater Quality Functions
Authors: Sharifi Amirreza , Lee Sangchul , McCarty Gregory , Lang Megan , Jeong Jaehak , Sadeghi Ali , Rabenhorst Martin
Published: March 2019

The Agricultural Policy/Environmental eXtender (APEX) model has been widely used to assess changes in agrochemical loadings in response to conservation and management led by US Department of Agriculture (USDA). However, the existing APEX model is limited in quantification of wetland water quality functions. This study improved the current model capacity to represent wetland water quality functions by addition of a new biogeochemical module into the APEX model. The performance of an enhanced APEX model was tested against five observed outgoing water quality variables (e.g., sediment, organic N, NO3, NH4 and PO4) from a wetland within the Eastern Shore of Maryland. Generalized Likelihood Uncertainty Estimation (GLUE) was implemented to assess model uncertainty. The enhanced APEX model demonstrated that it could effectively represent N and P cycling within the study wetland. Although improvement of model performance was limited, the additions of wetland biogeochemical routines to the APEX model improved our understanding of inner mass exchanges within N and P cycling for the study wetland. Overall, the updated APEX model can provide policymakers and managers with improved means for assessment of benefits delivered by wetland conservation.
Centrifugal Modeling and Validation of Solute Transport within Unsaturated Zone
Authors: Qin Huanhuan
Published: March 2019

Numerical modeling has been adopted to assess the feasibility of centrifugal simulation of solute transport within the unsaturated zone. A numerical model was developed to study the centrifugal simulation of nonreactive, adsorption, radionuclide, and reactive solutes. The results showed that it is feasible to conduct centrifugal experiments for nonreactive solute transport. For the solute transport containing physical processes or chemical reactions, if the reaction is very rapid or slow, it is feasible to conduct centrifugal experiments. For the solute transport with a product B generated, if the reaction is relatively slow, the centrifugal prediction of solute is suitable. The centrifugal prediction of solute A matches the prototype quite well, but the prediction of B is in poor quality. If B is the focus, it is not feasible to conduct centrifugal experiments; but if B is not important, the centrifugal modeling is suitable. This has significant implications for the centrifugal modeling application to solute transport simulation within the unsaturated zone.
Experimental Investigation on Characteristics of Sand Waves with Fine Sand under Waves and Currents
Authors: Wang Zhenlu , Liang Bingchen , Wu Guoxiang
Published: March 2019

A series of physical experiments was conducted to study the geometry characteristics and evolution of sand waves under waves and currents. Large scale bedforms denoted as sand waves and small bedforms represented by ripples were both formed under the experimental hydrodynamic conditions. Combining the experimental data with those from previous research, the characteristics of waves and currents and measured sand waves were listed. Small amplitude wave theory and Cnoidal wave theory were used to calculate the wave characteristics depending on different Ursell numbers, respectively. The results show good agreement between the dimensionless characteristics of sand waves and the dimensionless wave characteristics with a smaller wave steepness. When the wave steepness is large, the results seem rather scattered which may be affected by the wave nonlinearity. Sand wave steepness hardly changed with bed shear stress. A simple linear relationship can be found between sand wave length and wave steepness. It is easy to evaluate the sand wave characteristics from the measured wave data.
PROFESSIONALLY DETERMINED STUDY OF THE "ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS" COURSE FUTURE PEDAGOGES OF PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION
Authors: Didik Andrey , Ishchenko Svetlana
Published: March 2019

The presentation of the main research material is presented in the analytical review and scientific substantiation of the formation of the professional orientation of future teachers of vocational training in the study of electrical engineering and electronics.
Deporte, Salud y Calidad de Vida
Authors: Chavez Andres Alberto , López Montes Elena
Published: March 2019

Actualmente son reconocidos los beneficios del deporte la actividad física y la recreación para el desarrollo humano y social de la población, es importante establecer lo mejor posible una delimitación conceptual entre los términos “deporte”, “salud”, “bienestar” y “calidad de vida”, para así poder comprender sus relaciones, la cultura física y el deporte son categorías que se han relacionado con la educación física a lo largo del tiempo retomando diferente paradigmas de conocimientos lo cual podemos comprobar la multidimensionalidad y complejidad de estos aspectos, lo cual es necesario identificar los enfoques de la cultura física y el deporte en los diferentes momentos de la historia, la práctica deportiva trae consigo múltiples beneficios para la salud, como prevenir la obesidad, mejorar la agilidad, potencia los reflejos, aumenta la velocidad y refuerza la resistencia física
STURM-LIOUVILLE PROBLEM FOR STATIONARY DIFFERENTIAL OPERATOR WITH NONLOCAL INTEGRAL BOUNDARY CONDITION
Authors: Pečiulyte S. , Štikoniene O.
Published: March 2019

The Sturm‐Liouville problem with various types of nonlocal integral boundary conditions is considered in this paper. In the first part of paper we investigate Sturm‐Liouville problem with two cases of nonlocal integral boundary conditions. We prove general properties of the eigenfunctions and eigenvalues for such problem in the complex case. In the second part we investigate real eigenvalues case. The spectrum depends of these problems on boundary condition parameters is analyzed. Qualitative behaviour of all eigenvalues subject to nonlocal boundary condition parameters is described.

Šiame straipsnyje nagrinejamas Šturmo‐Liuvilio uždavinys su viena nelokaliaja integralinio tipo kraštine salyga. Pirmoje straipsnio dalyje tiriamas Šturmo‐Liuvilio uždavinys su dvieju tipu integraline nelokaliaja salyga. Irodytos tikriniu funkciju ir tikriniu reikšmiu bendrosios savybes komplesineje plokštumoje. Antroje dalyje plačiau ištirtas realiuju tikriniu reikšmiu atvejis. Straipsnyje nagrinejama kaip Šturmo‐Liuvilio uždavinio spektras priklauso nuo kraštiniu salygu parametru. Priklausomai nuo nelokaliuju kraštiniu salygu parametru, aprašytas kokybinis tikriniu reikšmiu pasiskirstymas.
THE ECONOMIC RELEVANCE OF ON-SITE CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITIES WITH THE EXTERNAL THERMAL INSULATION COMPOSITE SYSTEM (ETICS)
Authors: Sulakatko Virgo , Lill Irene
Published: March 2019

The systematic inadequacies of the External Thermal Insulation Composite System (ETICS), which occur during the construction phase, increase the financial risk for stakeholders, while reducing the long-term durability of the facade. The economic effect of on-site shortcomings can be reduced if the most significant on-site activities are recognised. The current paper develops an economic relevance assessment model for on-site construction activities of ETICS to increase economic rationality of resource allocation and emphasise the high-risk systematic shortcomings. The economic assessment model quantifies the financial risk of the on-site degradation factors with the method of modified Failure Mode Effects Analysis (FMEA). The data collection is followed by experts’ judgments and is validated with the Delphi technique. The study reveals that degradation factors in the early phases of construction have the highest relevance due to high costs of repair as well as high occurrence possibility and higher detection difficulty due to rapid coverage. Ninety percent of the shortcomings appear during the first five years of completion of the construction. The on-site failures occurring during the application of mechanical anchors and finishing layer cause the lowest financial risk. The model enables the economic effect of the on-site activities to be prioritised for better resource allocation.
The Axial Rotation and Variable Macroturbulence of RR Lyrae and Red Horizontal Branch Stars
Authors: Preston George W. , Sneden Christopher , Chadid Merieme , Thompson Ian B. , Shectman Stephen A.
Published: March 2019

We have derived relations between FWHMs and equivalent widths of metallic absorption lines in the spectra of RR Lyrae stars to estimate new upper limits on the axial equatorial rotational velocities of RR Lyrae and metal-poor red horizontal branch (RHB) stars. We have also derived the variations of RR Lyrae macroturbulent velocities during the pulsation cycles. In RRab cycles, the line widths are dominated by phase-dependent convolutions of axial rotation and macroturbulence, which we designate as V
macrot. The behavior of V
macrot is remarkably uniform among the RRab stars, but the behavior of V
macrot among RRc stars varies strongly from star to star. The RRab stars exhibit an upper limit on V
macrot of 5 ± 1 km s−1 with weak evidence of an anticorrelation with T
eff. The RRc minima range from 2 to 12 km s−1. The abrupt decline in large rotations with decreasing T
eff at the blue boundary of the instability strip and the apparently smooth continuous variation among the RRab and RHB stars suggests that HB stars gain/lose surface angular momentum on timescales that are short compared to HB lifetimes. The V
macrot values for our metal-poor RHB stars agree well with those derived by Fourier analysis of an independent but less metal-poor sample of Carney et al.; they conform qualitatively to the expectations of Tanner et al. A general conclusion of our investigation is that surface angular momentum as measured by V
rot sin (i) is not a reliable indicator of total stellar angular momentum anywhere along the HB.
5.0 GHz TMRT Observations of 71 Pulsars
Authors: Zhao 赵汝 Ru-Shuang 双 , Yan 闫 Zhen 振 , Wu 吴鑫 Xin-Ji 基 , Shen 沈志 Zhi-Qiang 强 , Manchester R. N. , Liu 刘 Jie 杰 , Qiao 乔国 Guo-Jun 俊 , Xu 徐仁 Ren-Xin 新 , Lee 李柯 Ke-Jia 伽
Published: March 2019

We present integrated pulse profiles at 5 GHz for 71 pulsars, including eight millisecond pulsars (MSPs), obtained using the Shanghai Tian Ma Radio Telescope. Mean flux densities and pulse widths are measured. For 19 normal pulsars and one MSP, these are the first detections at 5 GHz—and for a further 19, including five MPSs, the profiles have a better signal-to-noise ratio than previous observations. Mean flux density spectra between 400 MHz and 9 GHz are presented for 27 pulsars and correlations of power-law spectral index are found with characteristic age, radio pseudo-luminosity, and spin-down luminosity. Mode changing was detected in five pulsars. The separation between the main pulse and interpulse is shown to be frequency independent for six pulsars, but a frequency dependence of the relative intensity of the main pulse and interpulse is found. The frequency dependence of component separations is investigated for 20 pulsars, and three groups are found: in seven cases, the separation between the outmost leading and trailing components decreases with frequency, roughly in agreement with radius-to-frequency mapping; in 11 cases, the separation is nearly constant; in the remaining two cases, the separation between the outmost components increases with frequency. We obtain the correlations of pulse widths with pulsar period and estimate the core widths of 23 multicomponent profiles and conal widths of 17 multicomponent profiles at 5.0 GHz using Gaussian fitting, and we discuss the width-period relationship at 5 GHz compared with the results at at 1.0 and 8.6 GHz.
Acquired Pediatric Brown Syndrome Secondary to Sinusitis
Authors: Lucarelli Katherine M. , Bradfield Yasmin
Published: March 2019

Acquired pediatric Brown syndrome is rarely associated with sinusitis. Children may present with diplopia, elevation deficiency in adduction, and a head tilt or chin-up position. Magnetic resonance imaging can confirm the diagnosis. Antibiotic treatment is often insufficient for resolution. Surgical correction can effectively prevent amblyopia and restore binocular vision.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2019;56:e17–e19.]
Smart Home: Power Electric Monitoring and Control in Indonesia
Authors: Prasetyo Novian Adi , Prabawati Andhika Galuh , Suyoto Suyoto
Published: March 2019

The development of the Internet of Things Industry in Indonesia is increasing rapidly from year to year. One of the uses in this industry is being able to carry out monitoring, control, and analysis. The smart home is one of the applications of IoT that is used in households to make it easier for humans to monitor and control all devices at home. Most homes in Indonesia have various commonly used resources, these are water, electricity, and gas. These resources will run out quickly if humans cannot use them properly. Therefore we need to monitor and control the resources we have at home. One of the resources that will be monitored and controlled in this study is electricity resources because it is more widely used in every corner of the house and almost all household devices use these electricity resources.

This research proposes a way to do electricity use effectiveness with monitoring and power control using cloud-based IoT. The proposal discussed in the paper is expected to have other benefits besides saving electricity resources, but it is also expected to reduce the cost of energy use at home.
Augmented Reality User Interface Evaluation – Performance Measurement of Hololens, Moverio and Mouse Input
Authors: Hamacher Alaric , Hafeez Jahanzeb , Csizmazia Roland , Whangbo Taeg Keun
Published: March 2019

Recent innovation in the field of Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR) has brought new devices on the market. Many industries see a big future in AR business and applications. The present research focuses on the user input performance of these AR-devices. This paper proposes an evaluation procedure using a server based input interface with a built-in assessment control. The evaluation is performed by test persons exposed to two AR devices: Microsoft Hololens and Epson Moverio BT-200. A conventional mouse input is used as a benchmark. The assessment reveals a trend of strength and weaknesses of each device and can orient developers to create more optimized AR experiences and improve the user experience.
NFC Based Electronic Medical Record
Authors: Basjaruddin Noor Cholis , Rakhman Edi , Kuspriyanto Kuspriyanto , Renardi Mikhael Bagus
Published: March 2019

Near Field Communication (NFC) technology enables mobile phones to store important data safely and reliably. The data can be sent to another phone equipped with NFC or read by NFC reader. Through special applications the data can also be added, subtracted, or modified. This NFC capability allows the phone to be developed into a device that can store important data such as e-money or electronic medical records. In this research has been developed medical record system based on Near Field Communication (NFC). The results of alpha and beta testing show that the developed application has good performance.
Intention to Use Smartphones among Peruvian University Students
Authors: Rojas-Osorio Mercedes , Alvarez-Risco Aldo
Published: March 2019

This document is a report on the findings of a study aims to investigate human motivations affecting an adoption decision for smartphone among Peruvian university students. This research investigates smartphone users’ perception using a technology acceptance model (TAM). It is analyzed perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness and attitude toward to keep using a smartphone as determinants for behavioral intention to keep using a smartphone between Peruvian university students, evaluating them with reliability and validity and confirming the hypotheses elaborated for the study. Findings indicate that the behavioral intention to keep using a smartphone (BIU) was significantly influenced by perceived ease of use (PEOU), perceived usefulness (PU) and attitude toward to keep using a smartphone (AKUS) and also, PEOU influenced significantly to PU. This study not only provides valuable information about students´ the intention to keep using a smartphone but also enriches the current literature, focusing on Peru, which has a different commercial characteristic and cultural background as compared to North America, Europe, and Asia. According to the current literature review, this is the first study on this subject that specifically focuses on the use of smartphones by Peruvian university students.