bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Greenwashing as Influencing Factor to Brand Switching Behavior Among Generation Y in the Social Media Age
Authors: Olutade Enitan Olumide , Chukwuere Joshua Ebere
Published: June 2019

Nowadays, social media (SM) platforms provide easy and affordable tools to market products' brands and services to a wider audience. It is rampant that many fast-moving consumable goods (FMCG) companies are using deceit-marketing tactics perceived as more environmentally friendly sensitive to their environment through the application of social media platforms. This deceptive approach is often used to enhance their market share base, profitability, brand equity, increase brand loyalty, increase their sales volume, and expand brand equity at the expense of Generation Y ignorance. This incessant practice of deceit tactic is called “greenwashing.” Greenwashing has become prevalent and increasing in geometrical progression in the FMCG industry targeting Generation Y using the power of social media platforms. The high rate of this concern has become increasingly popular and interesting due to large benefits associated with green marketing initiatives and the role SM is playing towards it.
Eco-Labels
Authors: Acharya Anitha
Published: June 2019

Eco-label products are very appealing. To increase sales most of the companies adopt eco-label strategy. On the other hand, the eco-labels often assure more than the products can in reality deliver. In particular, eco-labels may lead consumers to mechanically infer that the products are friendly to the environmentally friendly. The rising significance of corporate social responsibility provides strong motivation for companies to market unsustainable conventional products as environmentally friendly. Eco-labels are designed to inform consumers that the labeled product is more environmentally friendly than the competitors. Eco-labels are increasingly facilitating manufacturers, wholesalers, retailers, and consumers in their purchasing decisions. The chapter explains in detail the objectives of eco-labels, benefits of eco-labels, consequences of eco-labels, and different types of eco-labels. It also mentions the adoption process of eco-labels by the consumers. The chapter ends with examples of best practices.
Sustainable Value Chains
Authors: Igbinakhase Idahosa , Naidoo Vannie
Published: June 2019

This chapter explores sustainable value chains with a focus on sustainable supply chain failures in developed and developing economies. Sustainable supply chains are effective environmentally friendly systems that contribute to the delivery of products and services from suppliers to customers/clients, and there are several challenges that contribute to sustainable supply chain failures such as complexity of supply chains, unfair trade practices, lack of transparency, unfair labor practices, product sustainability, and dependence on multiple suppliers. Supply chain failures have adverse effects such as to wastage of resources. Firms must adopt more sustainable approaches to the design and implementation of their supply chains in order to reduce cases of future supply chain failures.
The importance of environmental differences in the structuring of rotifer functional diversity
Authors: Galir Balkić Anita
Published: June 2019

A dynamic change in environmental conditions among floodplain habitats with different geomorphology might be a significant trigger in determining rotifer functional diversity. The aim of the study was to test the importance of environmental differences between several waterbody types, their positions within the floodplain and supporting microcrustacean communities in the structuring of rotifer functional feeding guilds. The study was conducted in Kopački rit floodplain during 2008 at five sites (two lakes, two channels and the main river). ANOSIM showed a significant difference in spatial distribution among rotifer feeding guilds. Redundancy analyses indicated biotic variables to significantly influence rotifer functional diversity in lake systems while in channel environments and the main riverbed guild representation was mainly influenced by limnological variables. Individual guild abundance changed relative to the site position within the floodplain as well, where the increased distance from the main riverbed resulted in increased rotifer numbers, and a different proportion of microfilter-feeders and macrofilter-feeders was recorded. The multiple linear regression showed a significant relation of macrofilter-feeder rotifers with microcrustaceans pointing to notable exploitative competition among these groups. The results highlight the ecological importance of all types of natural floodplain habitats necessary for preserving and maintaining the rotifer diversity.
Aberrant Positioning of the Ulnar Nerve Found During Carpal Tunnel Release: A Case Report
Authors: Veltre David R. , Naito Kelvin , Li Xinning , Stein Andrew B.
Published: June 2019

Introduction: Aberrant positioning of the ulnar nerve volar to the transverse carpal ligament is a rare anatomic variation.Case Presentation: We present the case of a 55-year-old female with unique ulnar nerve anatomy that was discovered introperatively during carpal tunnel release.  The ulnar nerve was running directly adjacent to the median nerve in the distal forearm and as the median nerve traversed dorsal to the transverse carpal ligament (flexor retinaculum) to enter the carpal tunnel the ulnar nerve continued directly volar to this structure before angling towards Guyon’s Canal.  The unique ulnar nerve anatomy was successfully identified, carefully dissected and managed with a successful patient outcome.Conclusion: Variations of the anatomy at the level of the carpal tunnel are rare but do exist.  Awareness of these anatomic variations and adequate visualization of the ulnar nerve along with the surrounding structures is crucial to avoid iatrogenic injuries during carpal tunnel release.
Approach to pediatric rotational limb deformities
Authors: Kahf Huthayfa , Kesbeh Yazeed , Baarsel Eric Van , Patel Vandan , Alonzo Nicholas
Published: June 2019

Pediatric lower extremity complaints are a common source of concern for parents. Gait concerns such as in-toeing are considered a developmental variant of childhood growth and are a common reason for visits to a pediatrician. In-toeing specifically is a common anatomic structural variation encountered by pediatric primary care providers and pediatric orthopedic specialists and may be accentuated between six months and five years during which children are developing their coordination skills. This study focuses on the three most common causes of in-toeing in the pediatric population; femoral anteversion (FA), tibial torsion (TT), and metatarsus adductus (MA) with the purpose of providing a brief review to give providers confidence in addressing these common developmental abnormalities.
Three new Drosophilidae species records for South Africa
Authors: De Araujo Liana I. , Karsten Minette , Terblanche John S.
Published: June 2019

Background: Data on the current species diversity from the Drosophilidae family in South Africa is limited or outdated.Objectives: Using haphazard, limited trapping for a different study, we serendipitously report on and document Drosophilidae species in two distinct regions (representing a sub-tropical and a Mediterranean climate region) of South Africa.Method: Drosophilidae were trapped using mixed fruit and mushroom traps around urban areas in two climatically distinct regions of South Africa. The flies were identified using standard barcoding (Cytochrome c Oxidase Subunit I [COI] gene sequence) and, in some cases, additional identification from a taxonomical expert using morphological traits. Species were checked against literature, online resources and a previously compiled library of South African Drosophilidae to determine whether they were new records.Results: Thirteen species were readily collected and identified. Of these, three species (Drosophila ananassae, Drosophila nasuta and Zaprionus taronus) have not been reported previously in South Africa. One of the species (Z. taronus) was captured in a home garden, while the other two species were captured in an urban-agricultural region with a sub-tropical climate.Conclusions: From our limited serendipitous sampling, three new species records have been found in sub-tropical climates in South Africa. With more comprehensive, systematic sampling, a better understanding of the South African Drosophilidae composition, and thus the detection of alien or invasive species, can be pursued. Baseline data for understanding spatio-temporal patterns of native biodiversity, or for informing management actions in the case of alien or invasive species, are currently inadequate for this group in the region.
Quo vadis ?
Authors: Eales Sielie
Published: June 2019

No abstract available
Foot and ankle biomechanics
Authors: Hunter L. J. , Fortune J.
Published: June 2019

Foot and ankle injuries are common in sportsmen and the general population. The impact that the functional anatomy and biomechanics of the foot and ankle complex has on normal gait is reviewed. The abnormal biomechanics associated with overpronation and oversupination are discussed, as are their consequences. The management principles of foot and ankle injuries are briefly described.
An Audit of the Physiotherapy Services at the Johannesburg Hospital
Authors: De Charmoy S. , Eales C. J.
Published: June 2019

In 1998 the Gauteng Department of Health notified the Physiotherapy Department of the Johannesburg hospital that the number of physiotherapy posts would be cut from 43 full-time posts to 22 full-time posts. This cut in workforce made it essential to re-evaluate the services rendered in order to meet the needs of the hospital. An audit of the number of inpatients on a given day was conducted in June 1998. In addition to this the number of patients requiring physiotherapy and the time needed to treat them was determined. A second study established the time spent by physiotherapists in direct patient care, indirect patient care and “social” activities. From the results of this audit it was established that 22 full-time physiotherapists would not be able to provide a comprehensive physiotherapy service. Since the completion of this audit the number of physiotherapists at the Johannesburg hospital has decreased further with no re-appointments due to cuts in the Gauteng health budget. It is the opinion of the authors that many hospitals in South Africa are in similar positions and that more studies need to be done at hospitals to determine the need for physiotherapy in other hospitals.
Augmentative and alternative communication intervention: A lifespan issue
Authors: Alante E.
Published: June 2019

The purpose of this article is to reflect on the needs of people with little or no functional speech and the difficulties they experience throughout their lives. The mismatch between the needs of Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) users and intervention provided is explored by firstly addressing the need for AAC users to become an integral part of the intervention team and in this way to professionalise consumer input. Secondly, the need for a more collaborative approach to team work is highlighted to ensure more effective problem-solving of lifespan issues. Finally, some brief comments are made about the role of the physiotherapist as part of the AAC intervention team
The predisposing factors to low back pain in workers
Authors: Wallner-Schlotfeldt P. J. , Stewart A.
Published: June 2019

Low back pain is a common complaint which has a high socio-economic cost. Very little information is available in South Africa on the prevalence, or the factors associated with the development of low back pain. A group of material handlers at a motor vehicle parts distribution centre were randomly sampled into two groups, one who complained of low back pain and a control group who did not. Both groups completed a structured questionnaire relating to their work environment and underwent a physical examination. Bending and lifting parts from the floor and participation in heavy physical activity were factors associated with reported low back pain in the experimental group as was a decrease in the overall mobility of the lumbar spine (p< 0.001) and a decrease in strength of rectus abdominis (p,0.02) and the oblique abdominal muscles (p<0.04).
Republic of Estonia
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. Fiscal Affairs Dept.
Published: June 2019

Public investment is a priority spending area, and Estonia is seeking to strengthen the efficiency and effectiveness of its capital expenditure from an already high level. Estonia’s general government capital expenditure has been higher than that of its neighboring comparators,1 EU countries or the average advanced country, at usually well above 5 percent of GDP. It is planned to continue at that level in the medium-term despite an expected decline of external grants from the EU. Thus, the level of public capital stock has been increasing as well as closing a gap to the comparator countries.
South Sudan
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. African Dept.
Published: June 2019

While the peace agreement signed in September 2018 has improved the prospects for lasting peace in South Sudan, the implementation of the agreement has become more protracted than envisaged with the recently announced six-month delay in forming a new national unity government. A relapse into war in mid-2016 spread insecurity across the country and severely affected all economic activities and exacerbated the humanitarian crisis and food insecurity. The country is in a serious economic crisis.
Challenges to Fabricate Large Size-Controllable Submicron-Structured Anodic-Aluminum-Oxide Film
Authors: Lin Jin Shyong , Chen Shih Hsun , Huang Ker Jer , Hun Chien Wan , Chen Chien Chon
Published: June 2019

Anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) is well known for its unique controllable structure and functional contributions in research and developments. However, before AAO can be widely used in the industry, some engineering problems should be overcome. In this study, we designed a novel electrochemical mold, which can resolve the exothermal problem for large-size aluminum sheets during high-voltage anodization process. AAO film with a large sample size of 11 x 11 cm2 in area, 148 μm in thickness and 450 nm in average pore diameter, decorated with ordered-pattern structure, was successfully obtained through a 200 V anodization process. It was noticed that the local heat was generated with increasing the anodizing voltage, resulting in undesired pits and burr defects on the AAO surface. In order to retain AAO’s quality and reduce the producing cost of the anodization process, a mass producing system combining with an overhead conveyor was proposed. The convenient anodization system, novel electrochemical mold and bath may help to fabricate high-quality AAO films efficiently.
Impedance Studies of Thermochemically Activated 316L Stainless Steel
Authors: Say Wen Ching , Chan Chen Chang , Lin Jin Shyong , Chen Chien Chon , Fang Alex , Chen Shih Hsun
Published: June 2019

This study proposed a novel thermochemical activation (TCA) method to modify the surface of 316L stainless steel (SS). At the first stage, phosphate ions were introduced to 316L SS surface by a heat-diffusion process. After rapid quenching into calcium citrate solution, calcium and hydroxide ions were sealed in the TCA compound layer. The TCA and original 316L SS were immersed in Hanks’ solution to evaluate their biocompatibility. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analysis showed that the surface active compound layer affected the TCA 316L SS, and its total impedances of Bode and Nyquist plots were higher than that of the original ones during immersed in Hank’s from 1 to 14 days. After TCA treatment, the corrosion resistance increased greatly, and thus reducing the release of ions from stainless steel, such as Fe, Cr, Ni and Mo. In the Ca- and P-rich areas, the ions were guided to deposit in the Hanks’ solution, forming bone-like hydroxyl apatite. The treatment has been proven to reduce the ionic release from 316L SS, which is considered to be a great improvement for implanted alloys.
In Vitro Shoot Regeneration and Development of Microcorms of Moroccan Saffron (Crocus sativus L.)
Authors: Lagram Khalid , Ben El Caid Mohamed , El Aaouam Souad , Lachheb Mohamed , El Mousadik Abdelhamid , Serghini Mohammed Amine
Published: June 2019

Crocus sativus L. is a male sterile vegetatively propagated plant. Its flower produces stigmas that when dried, constitute the source of a spice commonly known as Saffron. Slow vegetative propagation and diseases limit the production and the development of saffron. “In vitro” culture could be an effective method to overcome these limitations by improving the quantity and the quality of the planting materials. In this work, Crocus sativus L. segments corms of cultivar from the region of Taliouine (Southeast of Morocco) were used for the propagation through indirect organogenesis. To optimize the in vitro growth conditions, we have used the Murashige and Skoog medium (MS medium), supplemented with 2.4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2.4-D) and with 6-benzylaminopurin (BAP) at combination of various concentrations. Our results showed the formation of callus in 85.42% of explants that grow in a culture medium supplemented with 2,4-D combined with BAP, at a concentration of 1mg/l each. In addition, we observed that increasing the concentration of BAP in the culture medium to 1.5mg/l improved the rate of shoots initiation (0.81). In the meantime, we noted that a combination of BAP (8mg/l) and Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA; 2mg/l) has significantly improved the rate of the formation of advanced shoots (6.65). Finally, the shoots that developed were transferred to an induction medium of roots and corms. As a result, we observed that 50% of shoots tested in ½ MS medium supplemented with 2.4-D and of BAP (1 mg/l each) and 5% sucrose, formed corms. Our study provides a first database for in vitro culture of Moroccan saffron cultivars.
Elevated Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide and Temperature Affect Seed Composition, Mineral Nutrition, and 15N and 13C Dynamics in Soybean Genotypes under Controlled Environments
Authors: Bellaloui Nacer , Hu Yanbo , Mengistu Alemu , Abbas Hamed K. , Kassem My Abdelmajid , Tigabu Mulualem
Published: June 2019

The seed nutrition of crops is affected by global climate changes due to elevated CO2 and temperatures. Information on the effects of elevated CO2 and temperature on seed nutrition is very limited in spite of its importance in seed quality and food security. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of elevated atmospheric CO2 and temperature on seed composition (protein, oil, fatty acids, and sugars) and mineral nutrition in two soybean cultivars under controlled environments. The treatments were ambient CO2 concentrations (360 μmol mol-1) and elevated CO2 concentration (700 μmol mol-1) as well as normal temperature (26/16°C) and elevated temperature (45/35°C). Plants were grown under greenhouse conditions until the R5 stage, and then, transferred to growth chambers until full maturity (R8). Elevated temperature or a combination of elevated temperature and elevated CO2 resulted in a decrease in seed protein and linolenic acid concentrations and an increase in oil and oleic acid in cultivars Williams 82 (MGIII) and Hutcheson (MG V). Seed sucrose, glucose, and fructose decreased, whereas raffinose and stachyose remained relatively stable. Minerals also decreased under elevated CO2 and temperature. Among those that decreased were N, P, K, Zn, Fe, and B. Natural abundance of 15N and 13C isotopes was altered only under high temperature, regardless of CO2 concentration, indicating that changes in nitrogen and carbon metabolism occurred at elevated temperature. The increase in oil and oleic acid and decrease in linolenic acid are desirable, as high oleic acid and low linolenic acid contribute to the stability and longer shelf-life of oil. The combination of low protein and high oil was due to the inverse relationship between them. This study showed that seed composition and seed mineral nutrients can be affected by elevated temperature alone or elevated CO2 and temperature. This information is beneficial for selecting varieties with high seed nutritional qualities and efficient mineral nutrient use and uptake, traits that are related to seed production, seed quality, and food security. Also, it provides further knowledge on the effect of climate change on seed quality.
Remarks on Closure and Interior Operators in Bitopological Spaces
Authors: Thamizharasi G. , Thangavelu P.
Published: June 2019

Andrijevic and his collaborators studied the various aspects of closure and interior operators in general topological spaces and obtained several relations among them. Researchers in general topology studied such operators in bitopological settings. Andrijevic established that the result clA=Acl(int(clA)) holds for any subset A of a topological space where clA, clA and intA denote the -closure of A, closure of A and interior of A respectively. He also established the analog results for other operators in terms of the closure and interior operators in general topological spaces. In this paper we discuss the analog results in bitopological settings.
The Sums of Alternating Series of Odd Powers of the Reciprocals of Odd Positive Integers
Authors: Karim Mohammed R.
Published: June 2019

This paper is an extension of a recent work done by the author [4] and here the sums of alternating series of odd powers (up to fifteen) of the reciprocals of odd positive integers are computed. Following this method, the sum of the series of any higher power could be calculated. In the process of computing these sums, the sums of the series of even powers of reciprocals of odd positive integers have been reestablished and enabled the author to compute the values of Riemann’s zeta function for even positive integers.
An increase in methane emissions from tropical Africa between 2010 and 2016 inferred from satellite data
Authors: Lunt Mark F. , Palmer Paul I. , Feng Liang , Taylor Christopher M. , Boesch Hartmut , Parker Robert J.
Published: June 2019

Abstract. Emissions of methane (CH4) from tropical ecosystems, and how they respond to changes in climate, represent one of the biggest uncertainties associated with the global CH4 budget. Historically, this has been due to the dearth of pan-tropical in situ measurements, which is particularly acute in Africa. By virtue of their superior spatial coverage, satellite observations of atmospheric CH4 columns can help to narrow down some of the uncertainties in the tropical CH4 emission budget. We use proxy column retrievals of atmospheric CH4 (XCH4) from the Japanese Greenhouse gases Observing SATellite (GOSAT) and the nested version of the GEOS-Chem atmospheric chemistry and transport model (0.5 × 0.625) to infer emissions from tropical Africa between 2010 and 2016. Proxy retrievals of XCH4 are less sensitive to scattering due to clouds and aerosol than full physics retrievals but the method assumes that the global distribution of carbon dioxide (CO2) is known. We explore the sensitivity of inferred a posteriori emissions to this source of systematic error by using two different XCH4 data products that are determined using different model CO2 fields. We infer monthly emissions from GOSAT XCH4 data using a hierarchical Bayesian framework, allowing us to report seasonal cycles and trends in annual mean values. We find mean tropical African emissions between 2010–2016 range from 75 (72–78) Tg yr−1 to 80 (78–83) Tg yr−1, dependent on the proxy XCH4 data used, with larger differences in northern hemisphere Africa than southern hemisphere Africa. We find a robust positive linear trend in tropical African CH4 emissions for our seven-year study period, with values of 1.5 (1.1–1.9) Tg yr−1 or 2.1 (1.7–2.5) Tg yr−1, dependent on the CO2 data product used in the proxy retrieval. A substantial portion of this increase is due to a short-term increase in emissions of 3 Tg yr−1 between 2011 and 2015 from the Sudd in South Sudan. Using satellite land surface temperature anomalies and altimetry data we find this increase in CH4 emission is consistent with an increase in wetland extent due to increased inflow from the White Nile. We find a strong seasonality in emissions across northern hemisphere Africa, with the timing of the seasonal emissions peak coincident with the seasonal peak in ground water storage. In contrast, we find that a posteriori CH4 emissions from the wetland area of the Congo basin are approximately constant throughout the year, consistent with less temporal variability in wetland extent, and significantly smaller than a priori estimates.
Technical note: Reanalysis of Aura MLS Chemical Observations
Authors: Errera Quentin , Chabrillat Simon , Christophe Yves , Debosscher Jonas , Hubert Daan , Lahoz William , Santee Michelle L. , Shiotani Masato , Skachko Sergey , von Clarmann Thomas , Walker Kaley
Published: June 2019

Abstract. This paper presents a reanalysis of the atmospheric chemical composition from the upper troposphere to the lower mesosphere from August 2004 to December 2017. This reanalysis is produced by the Belgian Assimilation System for Chemical ObsErvations (BASCOE) constrained by the chemical observations from the Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) onboard the Aura satellite. BASCOE is based on the Ensemble Kalman Filter (EnKF) method and includes a chemical transport model driven by the winds and temperature from the ERA-Interim meteorological reanalysis. The model resolution is 3.75° in longitude, 2.5° in latitude and 37 vertical levels from the surface to 0.1 hPa with 25 levels above 100 hPa. The outputs are provided every 6 hours. This reanalysis is called BRAM2 for BASCOE Reanalysis of Aura MLS, version 2. Vertical profiles of eight species from MLS version 4 are assimilated and are evaluated in this paper: ozone (O3), water vapour (H2O), nitrous oxide (N2O), nitric acid (HNO3), hydrogen chloride (HCl), chlorine oxide (ClO), methyl chloride (CH3Cl) and carbon monoxide (CO). They are evaluated using independent observations from the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment Fourier Transform Spectrometer (ACEFTS), the Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS), the Superconducting Submillimeter-Wave Limb-Emission Sounder (SMILES), N2O observations from another MLS radiometer than the one used to deliver the standard product and ozonesondes. The evaluation is done in four regions of interest where only selected species are evaluated. These regions are (1) the lower stratospheric polar vortex where O3, H2O, N2O, HNO3, HCl and ClO are evaluated, (2) the upper stratospheric lower mesospheric polar vortex where H2O, N2O, HNO3 and CO are evaluated, (3) the tropical tropopause layer (TTL) where O3, H2O, CO and CH3Cl are evaluated and (4) the middle stratosphere where O3, H2O, N2O, HNO3, HCl, ClO and CH3Cl are evaluated. In general BRAM2 reproduces MLS observations within their uncertainties and agrees well with independent observations, with several limitations discussed in this paper (see the summary in Sect. 5.5). In particular, ozone is not assimilated at altitudes above (i.e. pressures lower than) 4 hPa due to a model bias that cannot be corrected by the assimilation. MLS ozone profiles display unphysical oscillations in the TTL which are corrected by the assimilation, allowing a good agreement with ozonesondes. Moreover, in the upper troposphere, comparison of BRAM2 with MLS and independent observations suggests a positive bias in MLS O3 and a negative bias in MLS H2O. The reanalysis also reveals a drift in MLS N2O against independent observations which highlights the potential use of BRAM2 to estimate biases between instruments. BRAM2 is publicly available and will be extended to assimilate MLS observations post 2017.
Feminismos lesbianos queer: ¿utopía o distopía feminista?
Authors: Suárez Briones Beatriz
Published: June 2019

Este trabajo hace un recorrido por los hitos del pensamiento feminista lesbiano y queer que han venido configurando su reflexión y su activismo desde los años 1960 hasta hoy. Compila la historia de las categorías sexuales para asumir y reclamar el “feminismo lesbiano queer” como término de autodefinición radical. Reflexión y activismo son las dos caras de una misma moneda y los textos que aquí nos ocupan conforman un acervo heterogéneo y cautivante, provocador y subversivo que debería formar parte de cualquier manual de la buena feminista, aunque no sea así.  Su radical anti-normatividad y anti-heteronormatividad es un acicate y un instrumento para la revolución (sexual).
Propuesta del cine de ciencia ficción para educar en Bioética
Authors: Alerm González Alina Josefina , González-Pérez Ubaldo
Published: June 2019

Para el poshumanismo, las tecnologías eliminarán el envejecimiento, potenciarán la cognición, la fuerza y conservarán la psiquis humana en soportes digitales. Estas ideas, presentes en filmes de ciencia ficción, resultarían útiles para educar en Bioética a estudiantes de medicina. Proponemos algunos de estos filmes que tratan sobre cambios tecnológicos de humanos y sus consecuencias: creación de humanoides por ingeniería genética; esclavos; “mercancía” sin derechos ni dignidad; discriminación por manipulación genética eugenésica; inteligencia artificial que domina a humanos; creación de cyborg para matar; supremacía étnica y suplantación de identidad; inteligencia impersonal; traspaso de conciencia e identidad después de la muerte. El análisis de los filmes ayudaría al profesor a analizar con los estudiantes los límites morales de la ciencia y las tecnologías.
Enhancing the Quality of Foreign Language Learning Through Extracurricular Programs for Vietnamese Students
Authors: Nguyen Chau Tuong
Published: June 2019

The study of ‘Enhancing the quality of foreign language learning through extracurricular programs for students’ was conducted in Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam National University (VNU-HCM) from May to August of 2015. The research objectives are to explore students’ needs of English extracurricular activities and evaluate the feasibility of certain extracurricular activities, from which propose appropriate English extracurricular programs for students. The study applied qualitative and quantitative methods, using questionnaires to survey the students’ needs of English extracurricular activities and interviews with university leaders on practical experience in implementing extracurricular programs. There were 3000 of 8000 students living in VNU-HCM dormitory B participated in the survey, representing 37%. The research results showed that: the objective of joining in English extracurricular activities was to develop English communicative skills with the highest agreement rate of nearly 90%, followed by that of improving academic English and professional English that gained 80% of agreement. In addition, considering only the question received more than 60% of agreement, the degree of participation in extracurricular activities was different according to each objective. For English extracurricular activities focusing on academic English, the form of short-term training was selected most, about 70% of agreement, and the other forms such as Eloquence and Writing Composition were agreed about 60%. For enhancing professional English, the forms of Company Tour and Exhibition Fair had the participation rate reaching over 80%, followed by Workshop with the rate of 70%. For improving English communicative skills, the results showed that: the favourable activities received over 80% of agreement consisting of watching movies, listening to music, tourism and speaking clubs; Those were agreed by 60-70% of students included: gameshow, art festival, book cafe, puzzle, karaoke, lunch hour; And the less attractive forms with under 60% of agreement were sports, dramas and songs writing in English.
A Conceptual Analysis of Macro Corruption: Dimensions and Forward and Backward Linkages
Authors: Ashour Ahmed Sakr , AboRemila Hoda Saad
Published: June 2019

To fill the gap in the macro analysis of corruption an attempt was made to formulate a conceptual framework that differentiates four types of macro corruption: state capture, political, bureaucratic and financial/corporate. The economic consequences or forward linkages are: growth, inclusiveness and sustainability of development. The macro institutional determinants constituting the backward linkages of each type are delineated. The research implications of the macro perspective and proposed framework were discussed. Implications of the findings for theory, research and reform policies addressing macro corruption issues were discussed.
Exploring an Anti-Utopian Subtext in Kazuo Ishiguro's Never Let Me Go
Authors: Chatterjee Arnab
Published: June 2019

The use of pastoral motifs and the resultant “discourse” of a carefree, ideal world has a long literary history. However, there seems to be a relative slackening of the use of this genre in modern times that may attributed to an angst-ridden society living through an existential crisis of faith. Even if this genre has been used, the results have been very different and often shocking: “shocking” simply because an underlying theme of anti-pastoralism and even menace has been discerned. This article argues that a similar theme of anti-pastoralism and menace acts as a rude reminder in Kazuo Ishiguro's novel Never Let Me Go (2005). The novel concerns the growing up of three friends in the rural, pastoral settings of a fictional boarding school Hailsham that never tells them that they are genetically engineered clones who would be “harvested” as future organ donors. Thus the initially presented pastoral, ideal landscape of abundance and utopia becomes a veritable dystopia in the long run with scary results. This paper “revisits” this pastoral theme in the novel in two ways: first, it examines the use of this relatively lesser-used genre today; second, by revisiting the same, it re-examines and shows how the author suits it to his own advantages to depict the process of growing up as essentially anti-pastoral, anti-utopian, and hence dystopic.
The Undercommons: Fugitive Planning and Black Study, Critique of Black Reason, Black Rights/White Wrongs: The Critique of Racial Liberalism and Ontological Terror: Blackness, Nihilism, and Emancipation
Authors: Corrigan Lisa M.
Published: June 2019

This essay examines the importance of decolonization theory/practice outside of Latinx and indigenous literatures to understand how the African diaspora has produced rhetorical and philosophical interventions that have been understudied and ignored. The books reviewed all contribute to understanding the limitations of Western, white humanism through the concepts: Black reason, the undercommons, racial liberalism, the idea of the spill, and ontological terror. These texts function as entrees into a deep excavation of the limits of Kantian freedom and Rawlsian justice that recenters anti-Blackness as an animating force of governmentality (particularly governmental structures and regimes that enforce possibilities of life and death), rhetorical invention, and philosophical engagement.
Deceptive datives: Prepositional case in Latvian
Authors: Kushnir Yuriy
Published: June 2019

In this paper, I look at the distribution of case forms in Latvian prepositional constructions. Latvian prepositions assign either the genitive or the accusative case to their complements, primarily in an idiosyncratic manner. This pattern is disrupted in the plural, where all complements of prepositions show up invariably in the dative case. I investigate the nature of this unusual pattern and provide a post-syntactic account of the data, in which I claim that the observed asymmetry is the result of a cumulative effect in Latvian grammar: case may surface unfaithfully in configurations where marked combinations of case and number features occur in positions where certain case feature values are dispreferred to begin with. This effect arose diachronically as a repair mechanism after the language had lost one of its grammatical cases, the instrumental. This cumulative effect is captured using the framework of Harmonic Grammar. I also argue extensively against a purely syntactic account of the data.
Defining iconicity: An articulation-based methodology for explaining the phonological structure of ideophones
Authors: Thompson Arthur Lewis , Do Youngah
Published: June 2019

Iconicity is when linguistic units are perceived as ‘sounding like what they mean,’ so that phonological structure of an iconic word is what begets its meaning through perceived imitation, rather than an arbitrary semantic link. Fundamental examples are onomatopoeia, e.g., dog’s barking: woof woof (English), wou wou (Cantonese), wan wan (Japanese), hau hau (Polish). Systematicity is often conflated with iconicity because it is also a phenomenon whereby a word begets its meaning from phonological structure, albeit through (arbitrary) statistical relationships, as opposed to perceived imitation. One example is gl- (Germanic languages), where speakers can intuit the meaning ‘light’ via knowledge of similar words, e.g., glisten, glint, glow, gleam, glimmer. This conflation of iconicity and systematicity arises from questions like ‘How can we differentiate or qualify perceived imitation from (arbitrary) statistical relationships?’ So far there is no proposal to answer this question. By drawing observations from the visual modality, this paper mediates ambiguity between iconicity and systematicity in spoken language by proposing a methodology which explains how iconicity is achieved through perceptuo-motor analogies derived from oral articulatory gesture. We propose that universal accessibility of articulatory gestures, and human ability to create (perceptuo-motor) analogy, is what in turn makes iconicity universal and thus easily learnable by speakers regardless of language background, as studies have shown. Conversely, our methodology allows one to argue which words are devoid of iconicity seeing as such words should not be explainable in terms of articulatory gesture. We use ideophones from Chaoyang (Southern Min) to illustrate our methodology.
An Analysis of Behavioral Biases in Investment Decision-Making
Authors: Madaan Geetika , Singh Sanjeet
Published: June 2019

Individual investor’s behavior is extensively influenced by various biases that highlighted in the growing discipline of behavior finance. Therefore, this study is also one of another effort to assess the impact of behavioral biases in investment decision-making in National Stock Exchange. A questionnaire is designed and through survey responses collected from 243 investors. The present research has applied inferential statistics and descriptive statistics. In the existing study, four behavioral biases have been reviewed namely, overconfidence, anchoring, disposition effect and herding behavior. The results show that overconfidence and herding bias have significant positive impact on investment decision. Overall results conclude that individual investors have limited knowledge and more prone towards making psychological errors. The findings of the study also indicate the existence of these four behavioral biases on individual investment decisions. This study will be helpful to financial intermediaries to advice their clients. Further, study can be elaborated to study other behavioral biases on investment decisions.
Samenwerken in de kenniseconomie
Authors: Koster Ferry
Published: June 2019

Collaborating in the knowledge economy

For a long time, the three governance structures market, hierarchy, and community were regarded as separate entities. The market is based on the price mechanism, the authority mechanism is the basis of the hierarchy, and trust relations characterize the community. As the knowledge economy evolves, there is a shift in thinking about how these governance structures are related. Creating and sharing knowledge are key features of the knowledge economy. However, this knowledge is partly tacit and sharing knowledge is particularly useful among diverse organizations, which are two barriers for sharing of knowledge among organizations.

A new stream of literature suggests that the ability of organizations to combine the three governance structures contributes to their capacity to share knowledge with other organizations. Based on this literature, this article shows what kinds of organizational forms are possible. Besides that, it offer empirical example of the conditions under which these organizational forms evolve as well as how they contribute to organizational innovation.
Het notarisbegrip in artikel 4:109 lid 2 BW
Authors: Bauduin N.V.C.E.
Published: June 2019

Het notarisbegrip in artikel 4:109 lid 2 BW

Artikel 4:109 lid 2 BW verlangt dat een notaris de uiterste wil ondertekent op straffe van nietigheid. Deze bepaling gaat uit van een materieel notarisbegrip: een uiterste wil ondertekend door een onbevoegde notaris wordt niet met nietigheid bestraft. In het verlengde hiervan is het verdedigbaar dat een uiterste wil ondertekend door een kandidaat-notaris – die onbevoegd als waarnemer optreedt vanwege een te late melding van zijn waarneming (Rb. Zeeland-West-Brabant 9 mei 2018, ECLI:NL:RBZWB:2018:3209) – niet nietig is op grond van artikel 4:109 lid 2 BW. De akte is immers verleden met notariële tussenkomst en de daarbij behorende waarborgen.
Succession Mediation in Europe
Authors: Pfützenreuter Judith
Published: June 2019

Succession Mediation in Europe

The two years FOMENTO project ‘Fostering Mediation in cross-border civil and succession matters’ aims to contribute to conflict prevention in cross-border succession matters. To reach a deeper understanding and impulses for a correct implementation of Directive 2008/52/EC (Mediation Directive) and of Regulation (EU) No. 650/2012 (Succession Regulation) the effects of both regulations have been analyzed in a research study. To this end, country reports about the implementation of the Succession Regulation and the Mediation Directive in six European countries (Austria, France, Germany, Italy, Poland and Sweden) have been assembled and 105 expert interviews with lawyers, notaries, judges and mediators have been conducted and analyzed.

This article gives a general overview about the outcomes of the research study and focuses on the analysis of the expert interviews. The experts gave answers about the concrete advantages, challenges and suggestions for improving mediation in cross-border succession conflicts and the effects of the European Succession Regulation.
Uso compulsivo de sitios de redes sociales, sensación de soledad y comparación social en jóvenes
Authors: Pérez Mayra , Quiroga-Garza Angélica
Published: June 2019

Los temas que aquí se abordan están relacionados a la interacción que se encuentra en la modernidad del Internet, su uso constante, y los efectos que su acceso puede tener en la población joven. Se busca conocer si existe una relación entre el nivel de uso de internet, la comparación social y los niveles de sensación de soledad debido al estar en constante crecimiento el uso del Internet se le atribuye un impacto negativo en la juventud actual. Se condujo un estudio empírico cuantitativo de corte transversal, con análisis de las variables ex post facto. La muestra constó de 206 participantes, usuarios activos de al menos un sitio de redes sociales, hispanohablantes, entre las edades de 18-34. Los resultados indican que a mayor uso compulsivo de internet, mayor la comparación social tipo ascendente.
ISO 21083 – new international standard for determination of nanoparticles filtration efficienc
Authors: Jakubiak Szymon
Published: June 2019

The new international standard ISO 21083 provides a method of testing filter media during the filtration of spherical shaped nanoparticles. The described procedure can be used to determine operating parameters of filtration materials of any classes. The filtration efficiency is determined on the basis of averaged results obtained for samples of the tested material in the initial state and after neutralization of the charge in the 2-propanol vapour. The standard does not introduce a division into filter classes, and in the final report of the tests, fractional particle retention efficiencies are given. This article discusses the problems of occupational safety and health, which are covered by health sciences and environmental engineering.
Low-Cost Extra-Low Voltage LED Dimmer for Tuneable White Lighting
Authors: Hrbac Roman , Mlcak Tomas , Kolar Vaclav , Vantuch Tomas
Published: June 2019

The colour appearance of light sources has a major impact on how people perceive space. With LED illumination lighting, the colour output can be tuned to virtually any perceivable colour, including any hue of white light. It has been established that the right shade of white light during the 24-hour day cycle has a positive effect on the human body's biological system. For this reason, it is very important to focus on the development and application of new lighting systems that have dynamically variable light outputs in order to imitate the sunlight. Circadian regulation is most responsive to short-wavelength light (460 nm = blue colour).

This paper describes the development of a low-cost extra-low voltage LED dimmer for tunable white lighting systems aiming to achieve maximum electrical performance and light-output. This dimming module has two independent LED control channels and allows for a variable colour temperature control from warm white to cold white light. Experimental results of the dimming module efficiency measurements, correlated colour temperature (CCT), colour rendering index (CRI), illuminance and power consumption of the luminaire depending on the duty cycle for different control frequencies (200 Hz, 1.5 kHz, 5 kHz, 10 kHz and 20 kHz) are presented. The paper further describes the principle of creating control curves for an independent regulation of correlated colour temperature and illuminance. In the form of a table, the control curve outputs may be uploaded into a microcontroller. The paper details the construction, function and the advantages of this LED dimmer prototype.
Analysis and Control of Low-Voltage Ride-Through Capability Improvement for PMSG Based on an NPC Converter Using an Interval Type-2 Fuzzy Logic System
Authors: Gencer Altan
Published: June 2019

Wind farms must be linked to the grid during the voltage sag. Therefore, the improvement of low-voltage ride-through (LVRT) capability of wind turbine (WT) is a vitally issue. Protection system based on an interval type-2 fuzzy logic system (IT-2 FLC) is presented to improvement of LVRT capability of permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) based on WT during the voltage dip. The presented control system prevents the power converters from the damaging effects of over-voltage during LVRT time. In addition to, the proposed protection system based on IT-2 FLC provides constant DC link voltage, reduces the amplitude of stator fault voltages, and enhances all response of PMSG. The proposed method is applied wind turbine using a 1.5MVA PMSG during different voltage sag types in the MATLAB/Simulation. The effectiveness of presented technique is verified by simulation results.
A new species of Quadrivisio (Amphipoda, Maeridae) from coastal tropical lagoons (Benin, West Africa)
Authors: Gnohossou Pierre , Piscart Christophe
Published: June 2019

During a recent investigation of the benthic macrofauna from coastal lagoons of southern Benin (Ahémé, Nokoué and Porto-Novo lagoons), a new species of the amphipod genus Quadrivisio Stebbing, 1907, Q. laleyei sp. nov. was collected by means of different quantitative and non-quantitative methods (plastic baskets, wooden artificial substrates, uprooted plants and Surber net) in their intertidal macrophyte zone. The new species can be easily distinguished from most of the other species of the genus by the setation of the mandibular palp and telson and a reduced number of articles (4–6) on the accessory flagellum of the first antenna. The new species closely resembles to Q. lutzi (Shoemaker, 1933) but clearly differ by a reduced armature of the urosomites 1 and 2 and by the geographical distribution (Q. lutzi being known only in Central and South America). Ecological data and an updated key to a species in the genus Quadrivisio are provided.