bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Web-Based Medical Information Searching by Chinese Patients With Breast Cancer and its Influence on Survival: Observational Study
Authors: Li Yan , Ye Shan , Zhou Yidong , Mao Feng , Guo Hailing , Lin Yan , Zhang Xiaohui , Shen Songjie , Shi Na , Wang Xiaojie , Sun Qiang
Published: April 2020

Background

The internet allows patients to easily look for health information. However, how Chinese patients with breast cancer use the internet has rarely been investigated, and there is a scarcity of information about the influence of internet use on survival.

Objective

This observational study aimed to investigate the details of online medical information searching by Chinese patients with breast cancer and to determine whether internet use has any survival benefits.

Methods

Patients who were diagnosed with invasive breast cancer at Peking Union Medical College Hospital between January 2014 and December 2015 were enrolled. We obtained information on their internet-searching behavior and gathered data from the patients’ medical and follow-up records. The associations between internet use and other clinic-pathological factors were analyzed. A Cox proportional-hazards model and the Kaplan-Meier method were used for disease-free survival (DFS) analyses.

Results

A total of 973 patients with invasive breast cancer who underwent definitive surgery took part in the study. Among them, 477 cases (49.0%) performed web-based breast cancer information searching before the initial treatment. A multivariate logistic regression analysis suggested that web-based breast cancer information searching was significantly associated with younger age (odds ratio [OR] 0.95, 95% CI 0.94-0.97, P<.001), higher education level (OR 1.37, 95% CI 1.01–1.86, P=.04), and breast conserving surgery (OR 1.35, 95% CI 1.04-1.77, P=.03). Baidu (73.4%, 350/477) and WeChat (66.7%, 318/477) were the two most popular online information sources for breast cancer; however, only 44.9% (214/477) felt satisfied with the online information. In contrast to the nonweb searching group, the web-using patients who were satisfied with online information showed significantly improved DFS (hazard ratio 0.26; 95% CI 0.08-0.88, P=.03).

Conclusions

The patients who were most likely to search the internet for breast cancer information were younger and well-educated, and they were more likely to have breast conserving therapy. Web-using patients who were satisfied with the internet information showed significantly improved DFS. Patients should browse credible websites offering accurate and updated information, and website developers should provide high-quality and easy-to-understand information to better meet the needs of patients with breast cancer.
Introduction of Wireless Buzzer to Improve Efficiency in Gynecology Triage (Preprint)
Authors: Stansbury Nicholas Mark , Nelson Erin
Published: April 2020

BACKGROUND

Current workflow in GYN triage has medical students interviewing patients after triage by nursing staff. The optimal time to initiate patient contact is unclear. This confusion has led to duplication of questions to patients, interruptions for nurses and fewer patient encounters for students.

OBJECTIVE

Determine if a restaurant-style buzzer can streamline workflow in gynecology (GYN) triage.

METHODS

A Plan-Do-Study-Act approach was used. Stakeholders were medical students, nurses, Nurse Practitioners and physicians. Factors contributing to workflow slowdown: students re-asking questions of patients, interruption of nursing staff, confusion about optimal patient flow. The net result was fewer interviews completed by students. The project was introduced during clerkship orientation. Buzzers were provided on weeks 1, 3, 5 of the rotation. Weeks 2, 4, 6 no buzzers were provided as an internal control. After each clerkship, students received a survey assessing key areas of waste and workflow disruption. A focus group with ten nurses was also conducted.

RESULTS

From February-July 2019, 30/45 surveys were completed (66%)
1. Very difficult/difficult to know when to begin the encounter: 90% without; 21.4% with buzzer p<.001
2. Students re-asking questions: very often/often 96.7% without; 14.8% with buzzer p<.001
3. Nursing staff interruptions: 76.7% very often/often without; 18.5% with buzzer p<.001
4. The odds of interviewing 5 or more patients per shift are ~10X greater using the buzzer χ²=14.2; p<.001

CONCLUSIONS

The 10 nurses interviewed unanimously favored the use of the buzzer. Introduction of a simple, low-cost restaurant-style buzzer improved triage work-flow, student and nursing experience.
Inovasi Kebijakan Sosial di Tingkat Lokal: Kapasitas Kelembagaan Panglima Laot dalam Pelaksanaan Program Bantuan Asuransi bagi Nelayan
Authors: Situmeang Marini Kristina , Kusworo Hendrie Adji
Published: April 2020

This article aims to develop an understanding the innovative institutional capacity by taking example from the empirical case pointing out of how the Panglima Laot institution plays its role as a distributor of insurance programs for fishermen. Through a series of qualitative research, this article succed to  find that the Panglima Laot's institutional capacity can be categorized in quadrant II since Panglima Laot had already solid formations and functions. Nevetheless in the case of channeling, the function has not perform well. The argument is proven by the fact proving that there are still many fishermen in Lampulo village who are not yet registered as members of the insurance recipient, as well as the number of regularly fishermen who do not yet have a fisherman membership card. It can be concluded that the work of self-service organizations in this case still requires motivation from those who are in institutional externalities.
Dinamika Aktor dalam Forum Komunikasi Tanggung Jawab Sosial Perusahaan di Kabupaten Tuban
Authors: Nugroho Bedhah Adityo , Damanik Janianton
Published: April 2020

The divergent of actors within communicaton forum influence the changing of institution’s characters and escalate the interest contestation. The objective of this study is elucidating the dynamic relations and interaction among actors under the authoritative organization in Tuban district. This article employed qualitative method which uses literatures, documentations, observations, and in-dept interviews. The latest method relies on eleven central informants that represent company, country, and society who have relation with CSR Communication Forum in Tuban. Th result shows that the main actor who initiate the emergence of CSR Communication Forum is country, thus affect the nature of institution which more instructive (top-down) and state-centric. The local government is dominating the forum and other actors use the local regulation to produce dependency of company to country. In addition, shifting of power from regulation based to interest based create institution dilemma, institution disorientation and competition of resources among actors. Although using CSR governance, the political dynamics and institution development have not achieved its optimum result.
A Preliminary Review of Eye Tracking Research in Interpreting Studies: Retrospect and Prospects
Authors: Moratto Riccardo
Published: April 2020

The field of Interpreting Studies (IS) has witnessed an exponential increase in the development of new data-gathering techniques aimed at investigating some of the underlying cognitive and psychological processes.The present article provides a preliminary look into research studies applying eye tracking technology in the field of IS over the past few decades. The present study also aims at exploring the theoretical basis for different applications of eye tracking equipment in the investigation of the cognitive processes underlying interpreting by analyzing empirical research studies related to cognitive aspects of translation. The sampled studies are analyzed in terms of the contribution they provide for the joint development of eye tracking research in IS, in terms of the methodology used and the way data are processed and presented.Finally, the present article concludes with a discussion on future research focusing on possible developments and applications of eye tracking to authentic interpreting situational contexts. The final section presents new challenges and opportunities for unexplored applications of eye tracking in the field of IS. It is argued that interdisciplinary approaches can show the full range of possibilities of eye tracking research in the field of IS.
Impact of osteosynthesis in fracture care: a cost comparison study
Authors: Eichler Klaus , Höglinger Marc , Meier Flurina , Knöfler Fabio , Scholz-Odermatt Stefan M , Brügger Urs , Denk Eberhard , Gutzwiller Felix , Prein Joachim , Renner Nikolaus , Joeris Alexander
Published: April 2020

Aim:
To estimate the health economic impact of osteosynthesis (OS) in fracture care over six decades in 17 high-income countries.
Patients & methods:
Applying a decision tree model, we assumed a hypothetical absence of OS and compared OS (intervention) with conservative treatment (CONS; comparator). We included patients with femur, tibia and radius fractures (age <65 years) and for proximal femur fractures also elderly patients (≥70 years).
Results:
We estimated savings in direct and indirect costs of 855 billion Swiss francs in the working age population in addition to 4.6 million years of life gained. In the elderly population, 69 billion Swiss francs were saved in direct costs of proximal femur fractures in addition to 73 million years of life gained.
Conclusion:
OS contributed to maximize health gains of society.
Seal-skinners lobeando en territorio chono, aónikenk y chilote, 1830-1845
Authors: Mayorga Zúñiga Marcelo
Published: April 2020

Towards the end of the XVIII century and the beginning of the XIX century, in the context of a period of expansion on the part of European nations and the nascent North American republic, the commercial hunting of fur seals began to develop, and in this sense, the southern end of America became one of the main areas of their incursions.
This work seeks to contribute to know more background regarding the presence of this group of navigators, in relation to the sustained interaction with the austral aborigines, as well as, regarding hunting activities. The study is based on unpublished documents, specifically American sealing ship logs.
It is hypothesized that this commercial activity was much more than a transitory wandering dedicated to obtaining and collecting skins for distant markets, on the contrary, fur-seal hunters established a close relationship with the aborigines who populated these territories, in addition to generating a gradual process of familiarization with geography.
Pescadores artesanales y prácticas pesqueras a inicios del siglo XX. Entre el control estatal y la libertad de pesca
Authors: Camus Gayan Pablo Max , Arias Mauricio
Published: April 2020

This article seeks to show how the State was delimiting and prohibiting some artisanal fishing practices in the early twentieth century, in order to protect marine resources under rational principles and conservationism for the benefit of the national treasury, changing the logic of common property and freedom fishing. Thus, this article states that after the enactment of the Fisheries Act of 1907 in Chile, both a process of fiscal appropriation and enclosure of coastal and marine common spaces and goods was initiated, as well as a process of State intervention in practices of artisanal fishers, especially in what, how and when to fish. This intervention radically changed the practices of artisanal fishing and the relationship between man and the sea during the first decades of the 20th century.
Arquitectura patrimonial y arqueología histórica
Authors: Aguirre María del Cisne
Published: April 2020

Analizar los esfuerzos profesionales e investigativos desplegados y contextualizar la relación entre arquitectura patrimonial y arqueología histórica, representa en el caso del Centro Histórico de Cuenca, un proceso con amplio potencial técnico y científico. La presente revisión bibliográfica de los informes técnicos de prospección, excavación e intervención realizados entre 2008 y 2011, por la Unidad de Arqueología Urbana, conjuntamente con otros documentos de interés, pretende exponer el panorama de cohesión interdisciplinar, las prácticas, mecanismos y alcances particulares, entre estas dos áreas con la finalidad de aproximarse a la discriminación de campos de estudio complementarios y la estructuración de una hoja de ruta para su aplicación en entes arquitectónicos con potencial arqueológico.
Tejiendo relaciones a través de la cerámica en los primeros momentos de la era en la puna meridional argentina
Authors: Gasparotti Leticia Inés , Escola Patricia Susana
Published: April 2020

The results obtained from the analysis of the ceramic material from the Las Escondidas site (Miriguaca grove, Southern Puna Argentina) are presented with the objective of addressing the characteristics of the ceramic production of the first moments of the Formative (between ca. 2000 AP and 1700 AP), in order to try to investigate the social context in which this ceramic was produced and used. To do this, two stages of analysis are proposed, the first through the use of binocular magnifying glass and the second, through petrographic analysis.
The results obtained allowed to establish the particular characteristics and the possible functionality of the ceramic repertoire, as well as to determine the composition of the pastes. We identified certain constant technological choices and an important homogeneity in the use of specific raw materials, which could not be correlated directly with the local geological environment. Subsequently, from the detailed petrographic description, this set could be compared with others previously analyzed, both from the southern Puna of Argentina and from other surrounding sectors, contributing to establish networks of relationships in which the objects were immersed in the first moments of the era.
PARTITIVE FRACTION DIVISION: REVEALING AND PROMOTING PRIMARY STUDENTS’ UNDERSTANDING
Authors: Wahyu Kamirsyah , Kuzu Taha Ertugrul , Subarinah Sri , Ratnasari Dwi , Mahfudy Sofyan
Published: April 2020

Students show deficient understanding on fraction division and supporting that understanding remains a challenge for mathematics educators. This article aims to describe primary students’ understanding of partitive fraction division (PFD) and explore ways to support their understanding through the use of sequenced fractions and context-related graphical representations. In a design-research study, forty-four primary students were involved in three cycles of teaching experiments. Students’ works, transcript of recorded classroom discussion, and field notes were retrospectively analyzed to examine the hypothetical learning trajectories. There are three main findings drawn from the teaching experiments. Firstly, context of the tasks, the context-related graphical representations, and the sequence of fractions used do support students’ understanding of PFD. Secondly, the understanding of non-unit rate problems did not support the students’ understanding of unit rate problems. Lastly, the students were incapable of determining symbolic representations from unit rate problems and linking the problems to fraction division problems. The last two results imply to rethink unit rate as part of a partitive division with fractions. Drawing upon the findings, four alternative ways are offered to support students’ understanding of PFD, i.e., the lesson could be starting from partitive whole number division to develop the notion of fair-sharing, strengthening the concept of unit in fraction and partitioning, choosing specific contexts with more relation to the graphical representations, and sequencing the fractions used, from a simple to advanced form.
The Expansion of Chinese Business in Myanmar and Sino-Myanmar Relations (1988-1990)
Authors: Volosyuk Olga Vilenovna , Phyo Naing Wai Yan
Published: April 2020

This article deals with the evolution of Sino-Myanmar relations in the late 1980s as a result of the Chinese economic expansion. The “8888 Uprising” of August 1988 was suppressed be the military who retook power in the country. Condemning the repressions of the military government, Western countries and Japan sharply reduced aid to Burma. India closed borders and set up refugee camps along its border with Burma. This situation led to the almost complete isolation of Burma in the international community. China appeared as the only strategic ally of the country in the region. According to the official statistics, Chinese businesses were significantly expanded in Myanmar in 1988-1990. However, despite the remarkable improvement in trade dialogue, problems such as migrants and unbalanced trade emerged, creating fissures in Sino-Myanmar ties. The article examines various cases which caused a negative attitude of the people of Myanmar towards the Chinese and even led to the emergence of a term such as Sinophobia .
Design of the structural arrangement for a space reflector via parametric and topology optimization
Authors: Filina Elena K. , Golubev Evgenii S. , Mikhailovskiy Konstantin V. , Arkhipov Mikhail Yu.
Published: April 2020

Development of the optimal structural arrangement for a reflector with the aim to improve its mass and design is of importance due to the necessity to increase areal density and decrease rigidity of the modern space antennas vehicles. Currently, CAE-systems allow to design reflectors using both traditional methods, for example, parametric optimization, and methods which are innovative in this field, such as topology optimization. The paper compares two methods of the structural arrangement design for a thin dimensionally stable reflector operating as part of a geostationary spacecraft: parametric and topology optimization. The algorithms of the structural arrangement development which include the statement of the optimization problem, geometry design and a number of check analyses are presented. A number of structural of a space reflector design under the action of loads at the stage of launch, temperature gradients at the exploitation conditions and modal analysis is performed. The designed reflectors are compared. The studies performed allowed us to develop the optimal structural arrangement for a space reflector using the parametric and topology optimization. The optimal structural arrangement for a space reflector using the optimization could be produced surface figure error (estimated in RMS) with respect to the theoretical paraboloid.
Diagnosis, recommendations and optimization for potable water treatment plant in Cauca (Colombia)
Authors: Melendez Giraldo Dustin Stephan
Published: April 2020

Currently the water supply system in the municipality of Corinto (Cauca) in Colombia provides drinking water to the entire urban and rural population of the municipality. In order to provide drinking water to the entire population, it became necessary to optimize and/or expand the existing water treatment plant. The article presents an assessment of the consideration of two optimization options: the need for reconstruction of existing water treatment facilities or the construction of additional water treatment units. A reasonable proposal was made to expand the station by building additional water treatment units, including advanced modern water treatment technologies, such as coagulation, flocculation, sedimentation, filtration, sorption, settling using thin-layer modules and disinfection, based on the survey (diagnostics), technical and economic analysis, analysis of the efficiency of the existing water treatment plant, taking into account the quality of drinking water preparation, confirmed by the analysis of samples, the results of physical, chemical and microbiological tests, indicating the optimal quality of drinking water for human consumption. The use of modern water treatment technologies will allow to achieve the required quality of purified sufficient water for drinking purpose.
Comparative analysis of the application of virtual and mechanical articulators in functional diagnostics
Authors: Chkhikvadze T. V. , Roschin E. M. , Bekreev V. V.
Published: April 2020

The paper presents the results of examination of patients with articulation disorders of the lower jaw caused by internal pathology of the TMJ. The purpose of the presented work: to study the effectiveness of the use of mechanical and virtual articulators in the functional diagnosis of patients with internal TMJ disorders. All patients underwent comprehensive clinical and instrumental examination including cone-beam computed tomography (CT) and axiographic examination (optical axiograph Dentograf Prosystom, Russia). CBCT was used to assess the state of the TMJ and determine the individual ratio of jaw and joint models. When axiography was recorded and analyzed articular trajectories of the lower jaw. In the first group of patients dynamic occlusion was evaluated using a mechanical articulator, in the second group a virtual articulator was used. It was revealed that the use of mechanical articulators in functional diagnostics to assess dynamic occlusion is limited and does not allow to obtain individualized patient data, their efficiency was 75%. The use of virtual articulators allows to evaluate the dynamic occlusion during opening and closing of the mouth, protrusion and laterotrusion, as well as the continuous movement of the lower jaw with the registration of all possible dental contacts. Due to the combination of CT data of the patient’s head and virtual models, the highest accuracy of placing models in the virtual articulator in accordance with the individual characteristics of patients was achieved.
The risks of injection anesthesia in dentistry
Authors: Bogaevskaya O. Yu. , Sokhov S. T.
Published: April 2020

The article intends to study the risks of performing injection anesthesia for dentists experiencing chronic fatigue syndrome. Materials and methods used: The survey was conducted from August to November 2019 at various dental clinics of Moscow, with 308 dentists having filled in the questionnaire. Information source: The “Questionnaire on Assessing Injection Security and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome” was offered to dentists from clinics representing different types of ownership and contained 88 questions. Results: 97,14% of the respondents were feeling anxious while performing local anesthesia, yet, regrettably, 14,28% of them had to refer the patient to a dental surgeon for this procedure. 17,14% (n=53) of the 308 respondents noted that they had to confront the patient’s general condition worsening significantly due to a local anesthetic injection prior to the start of dental treatment. The mistakes made mostly had to do with anesthetic choice (26,73%), needle choice (12%), and needle breakage (3,78%). 17,14 per cent of dentists had the experience of confronting grave, even fatal outcomes of anesthesia. The majority of dentists (74,29%) work from 41,2 to 57,7 hours weekly. The risk of developing chronic fatigue syndrome was assessed as high in 11,43% of all cases. Conclusion: Given the absence of prophylaxis in 45,71% of cases related to anesthetic injection and the increased concentration of vasoconstrictor in the anesthetic in 88,57% of all instances, keeping records of complications caused by injection anesthesia is recommended.
Cellular structure of thymus in drug-induced deficiency of magnesium
Authors: Chuchkova N. N. , Smetanina M. V. , Kormilina N. V. , Kanunnikova O. M. , Pazinenko K. A.
Published: April 2020

The timeliness of the work is due to the prevalence of magnesium deficiency associated with the use of drugs that contribute to the excretion of magnesium from the body. The aim of the work is to elucidate the cell-mediated reaction of the thymus to magnesium deficiency caused by the administration of furosemide. Magnesium deficiency was modeled by intraperitoneal administration of furosemide to experimental rats. The amount of magnesium and sodium in the blood and thymus tissue was determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry, the cell composition of the thymus was evaluated on histological sections. It is shown that at furosemide load the amount of magnesium decreases in the blood, but increases in the tissue of the thymus gland. The areas of the structural zones of the thymus (subcapsular zone, cortex, medulla), their percentage; cortical/medullary ratio were calculated. Cell density, lymphocyte count large, medium and small lymphocytes, reticular epithelial cells, macrophages, mast cells, apoptotic cells, thymic corpuscle were counted in each structural zone per unit area (100 μ2). In experimental animals the amount of magnesium in the blood decreases, but in the thymus tissue increases, there is leukocytosis and lymphocytosis, eosinophilia. Revealed histo- and cytostructural morphological rearrangements indicate a change in the functional activity of the gland. It was shown that the furosemide-induce deficiency of magnesium the area of the medulla increases, the number of macrophages and apoptotic elements increases; without affecting on the mast cells, but their secretory activity increases. There are size thymic corpuscle and the number of cells in them increases. Thus, the furosemide load is accompanied by magnesium imbalance, proinflammatory changes induce, is accompanied by a proapoptotic action and stimulates the starting of a macrophage reaction and degranulation of mastocytes in the thymus.
Resistivity and Seismic Refraction Studies on Kısıklı Landslide (Antalya, Turkey)
Authors: YILMAZ Sedat , KAMACI Züheyr
Published: April 2020

When natural slope is
disturbed by human activity such as road construction and infrastructure,
continuous landslide monitoring is important to prevent loss of material and
life. Therefore, this study aims to determine the landslide material, the
possible sliding surface and the influence of groundwater on the landslide
occurrence. Low cost monitoring landslide is performed which is vertical electrical
sounding (VES) and seismic refraction methods. Case study in Kisikli district,
Antalya Province, Mediterranean Region of Turkey. VES survey was performed
using Schlumberger electrode array at six locations. VES results interpretation
leads to detect of maximum five geo-electrical layers. First, second and third
layers represent saturated and permeable layer, while fourth and fifth layers
correspond to an impermeable layer. Seismic refraction measurements were
carried out on three profile layers. Low velocity and elastic parameters
relatively correspond to the permeable materials in near surface with thickness
about 4-5 m higher porosity. The integrated of VES and seismic survey allows
mapping the weathered material at depth and providing depth information of the
sliding surface which occurs at a depth between approximately 5 m and 20 m.
Comparison of Bearing Capacity of Piled Raft Foundations Consisting of Different Number of Piles under Static and Repetitive Loads
Authors: BAĞRIAÇIK Baki , EPSİLELİ Sefer Ercan , PINARCI Emre , BELEN Mustafa
Published: April 2020

In this study,
large-scale experiments have been carried out at 5th Regional Research and
Development Headquarters Engineering of Highways in order to determine the
contribution of the piles in the pile-raft foundation to the bearing capacity.
The bearing capacity were determined for only the raft, the raft with single
pile and the raft with four pile under static and repetitive loading. In the
examinations, sand samples which were taken from a river bed were used. The
sand was classified as uniform clean sand (SP) according to standarts. As a
result of study following results were obtained. Only raft has reached lowest
bearing capacity at different alternatives under static loading. When used
single pile and four piles at piled raft foundation systems, the bearing
capacity has increased by 1.130 and 2.52 respectively under static loading. As
the number of piles increased, it was observed that the settlements at piled
raft foundations under the same repetitive loading decrease.
Thermal Analysis of a Zirconium Dioxide Coated Aluminum Alloy Piston
Authors: OZSOY Murat , TIKIZ İsmet , PEHLİVAN Hüseyin
Published: April 2020

Performance and operating
costs are the most important factors in internal combustion engines. It is one
of the most commonly used methods to coat pistons with advanced technological
ceramic materials in order to improve performance and fatigue life in internal
combustion engines. In this study, changes in temperature and heat flux were
investigated in various thickness coatings made on a 2500 cc turbo diesel
engine piston. As bonding coat, NiCrAl was used in a thickness
of 0.2 mm, while ZrO2 (zirconium dioxide) was used in thicknesses of 0.2-0.4-0.6 and 0.8 mm as
thermal barrier coating material. The piston was modeled in PTC Creo parametric
software and then transferred to ANSYS Workbench environment to create a
mathematical model. Engineering calculations were also done using the finite
element method.  After the calculation, the temperatures at the depth of 5 mm from the
combustion chamber upper surface, the binder layer upper surface, the thermal
coating upper surface and the combustion chamber upper surface were compared.
As a result, it was observed that the combustion chamber and the section at the
depth of 5 mm from the combustion chamber had a temperature decrease of 13%.
Experimental Investigation of CSS Assisted by Gas-viscosity Reducer Co-Injection with Different Types of Wells and Heavy Oil
Authors: ZHAO Wei , LIU Huiqing , LU Chuan , WANG Jing , MENG Lin , ZHONG Ruihong
Published: April 2020

The efficiency of conventional thermal recovery methods is limited due to heat loss, steam overlapping and other serious problems. Steam injection assisted by various additives, such as no-condensable gas, solvent and surfactant, has proved to be an effective and beneficial method to improve thermal oil recovery. However, based on literature review, few systematic and comprehensive explanation of the mechanism of the compound system of gas-chemical agent and the application criteria.
In this paper, 3D physical experiments with different types of wells and heavy oil were conducted. The additives consist of nitrogen and viscosity reducer (VR). Different injection fluid combinations (single gas, single VR and gas-VR co-injection), fluid injection configurations (gas-steam and gas+steam, VR-steam and VR+steam,) were designed to study the effects of the compound system on oil recovery, oil-steam ratio and oil production rate.
The results indicated that steam injection assisted by gas-VR performs well in enhancing the thermal recovery. Some conclusions are drawn according to the variation curves of characteristic parameters. The effects of the compound system still worked and increased the oil recovery after different injection patterns. Meanwhile, the cumulative SOR decreased to the different extent after the corresponding processes sequentially. The distribution of temperature showed that gas-VR co-injection not only inhibited steam overlapping, which promoted the horizontal expansion of the steam chamber but also reduced the viscosity of heavy oil significantly. More oil was produced due to the gas expansion energy. In summary, this work provides a practical understanding of CSS assisted by gas-VR co-injection and optimizing of the injection schemes for different types of reservoirs.
Effect of Change in Radial Clearance on Pressure Variation of Fluid in Hydrodynamic Journal Bearing
Authors: ERHUNMWUN İredia , AKPOBI John
Published: April 2020

This
work entails the parametric study of the effect of the change in bearing radial
clearance with pressure variation of the fluid (lubricant) in a hydrodynamic journal
bearing was carried out. The classical Reynolds Equation was used to represent
the pressure behaviour in the bearing. This study was carried out using the
Galerkin Finite Element Method (GFEM). The result obtained shows that the
pressure increases from the ambient pressure which is taken to be zero and
increases significantly till 145.37370. At this point, the pressure
is maximum with 1.955 MPa and then drop until it gets to 1800 where
the pressure equals the ambient pressure. Between angular displacements of 1800
and 3600 there were also pressure variations which were equal in
magnitude with those between 00 and 3600 but with
different direction. From the foregoing, it is observed that as the radial
clearance increases, the pressure in the bearing drops significantly.
Therefore, in the design of journal bearings, the radial clearance should a
high as possible to reduce the pressure in the bearing. The result obtained
shows a strong positive correlation with existing result in literature.
Investigation of Various Infectious Diseases in Turkey by Mathematical Models SI and SIS
Authors: ÇİLLİ Arzu , ERGEN Kıvanç
Published: April 2020

Mathematical models can give us
information on number of cases, deaths caused by infectious diseases. In this
study, we aimed to predict the effects of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever
(CCHF), tuberculosis (TB), measles for Turkey and the efficiency of SI and SIS
mathematical models were defined in the 
prediction of the number of infected people for these diseases. In CCHF,
predictions for 2014 gave 0% error in both models. As for TB, SIS model
predicted the exact number and SI model predicted a few more cases than that of
SIS model. Again SI and SIS models gave the exact values for measles. According
to these predictions it seems that CCHF and TB cases will continue to increase
slightly while measles cases will approach zero.

These models can predict exact numbers
for each year, in a long term and in normal conditions (unless there are
external parameters such as natural disaster, war, emigration and terrorism )
they can predict the trend for the diseases and can tell when to disappear.
Therefore, updating data are of importance to achieve the powerful prediction.
Unimodal Optimization of Axially Compressed Shear Deformable Columns
Authors: ÇAGDAŞ İzzet Ufuk
Published: April 2020

In this study, the
unimodal optimality conditions for axially compressed shear deformable columns
are formulated and the optimal design problems defined are numerically solved
using an iterative procedure based on the finite element method. The results
presented show that the optimization results are more reliable than the ones
obtained using classical beam theory as cross-sectional  area does not vanish at points where the
bending moment is equal to zero.
Determining the Best Maternity Hospital by Using a Fuzzy Decision Making Model
Authors: ECER Billur , AKTAS Ahmet , KABAK Mehmet , DAĞDEVİREN Metin
Published: April 2020

Despite having child brings great responsibility, people want to have a child instinctively. In the context of childcare, parental responsibility requires that children should be born in good conditions and grow healthy and happily. Parents’ first responsibility is to ensure that children born in a healthy way. Nowadays, pregnant women visit doctor regularly and monitor the infant development. There are too many doctors and hospitals working in obstetrics area.  The increasing number of alternatives and selection criteria makes it difficult to find a compromise solution in terms of conflicting selection criteria. Therefore, using analytical methods becomes necessary while making the decision of hospital choice for pregnancy follow-up. The main aim of this study is to develop a decision tool for determining the best hospital for pregnancy process. Because of the existence of linguistic evaluations in the decision process, Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process is used in this study for determining the best alternative. An application of a real world problem is presented to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed methodology. Within the presented application weight of hospital selection criteria and priority values of five predetermined alternative hospitals in Ankara are calculated are determined. The obtained results of the study shows that staff quality and technical conditions are the most important criteria for hospital selection.
Обобщённые шахматные комплексы и дискретная теория Морса
Authors: Йоич Душко , Панина Гаянэ Юрьевна , Вречица Синиша , Живалевич Раде
Published: April 2020

Шахматные комплексы и их обобщения, как объекты, и дискретная теория Морса, как инструмент, представлены в виде объединяющей темы, связывающая различные области геометрии, топологии, алгебры и комбинаторики. Теорема Эдмондса и Фулкерсона о бутылочном горлышке (минимаксе) реализуется и интерпретируется как результат о критической точке дискретной функции Морса на сфере Бира Bier(K) ассоциированного симплициального комплекса K. Мы проиллюстрируем использование «стандартных дискретных функций Морса» на обобщенных шахматных комплексах, доказав результат связности для шахматных комплексов с кратностями. Приложения включают новые результаты типа Тверберга-Ван Кампена-Флореса для разбиений симплекса без j-кратных пересечений.
О свойствах группы кобордизма стабильно-оснащённых погружений в коразмерности k
Authors: Ахметьев Петр Михайлович
Published: April 2020

Изучается понятие „intermediate bordism group" , которое было введено П. Дж. Экклзом для исследовании фильтраций в стабильных гомотопических группах сфер. Введено новое понятие группы кобордизма стабильно-оснащенных погружений. Строится представляю щее пространство для новых групп и вычисляются ранги этих групп кобордизма. Инварианты Хопфа и гомоморфизм Кана-Придди обобщаются на группы кобордизма стабильно-оснащенных погружений.
О бегущих волнах в системах абсолютно упругих частиц на прямой
Authors: Саулин Сергей Михайлович
Published: April 2020

Рассматривается система из бесконечного числа абсолютно упругих частиц на прямой, массы и начальные расстояния между которыми периодически повторяются. Изучаются условия, при которых в таких системах могут существовать решения типа бегущих волн.
О гипотезе Мищенко — Фоменко для обобщённого осциллятора и системы Кеплера
Authors: Цыганов Андрей Владимирович
Published: April 2020

Рассматриваются деформации задачи Кеплера и гармонического осциллятора, для которых дополнительные интегралы движения являются координатами приведённого дивизора, согласно теореме Римана — Роха. Для этого семейства некоммутативно интегрируемых систем обсуждается справедливость гипотезы Мищенко — Фоменко о существовании интегралов движения из единого функционального класса, в данном случае полиномиальных интегралов движения.
Идеальные прямоугольные многогранники в пространстве Лобачевского
Authors: Веснин Андрей Юрьевич , Егоров Андрей Александрович
Published: April 2020

В работе рассматривается класс прямоугольных многогранников в трехмерном пространстве Лобачевского, все вершины которых лежат на абсолюте. Получены новые верхние оценки объемов через число граней многогранника. Вычислены объемы многогранников, имеющих не более, чем 23 граней. Показано, что наименьшие объемы реализуются на антипризмах и скрученных антипризмах. Установлены первые 248 значений объемов идеальных прямоугольных многогранников. Введен класс многогранников с изолированными треугольниками, получены комбинаторные оценки на существование и приведены минимальные примеры таких многогранников.
PLANEJAMENTO DA SUCESSÃO NAS INDÚSTRIAS FAMILIARES DE MUÇUM/RS
Authors: Cervo Nathalia Helena , Braido Gabriel Machado , Conto Samuel Martim de
Published: April 2020

O planejamento da sucessão nas indústrias familiares é uma ferramenta importante para auxiliar na transição do poder e sobrevivência da empresa no mercado. Assim, este artigo tem como objetivo verificar como os atuais gestores das indústrias familiares de Muçum/RS planejam a sucessão de seus negócios para os sucessores. A metodologia deste estudo qualitativo consistiu em entrevistas semiestruturadas com questões abertas, e participaram deste estudo sete gestores de indústrias familiares com, pelo menos, duas gerações atuantes na empresa. A pesquisa revelou que, a maioria dos gestores, embora tenha um plano para a sucessão, esta ainda é informal e não documentado, o que evidencia que o planejamento é algo adiado e não muito discutido na organização. Por fim, ficou evidenciado que, os gestores das indústrias familiares de Muçum/RS, em sua maioria, planejam a sucessão, porém o procedimento não é discutido, formalizado e nem documentado.
Rice farmers’ demands for productive services: evidence from Chinese farmers
Authors: Li Qi , Li Kai
Published: April 2020

Based on the data of 601 rice farmers in Zhejiang and Jiangsu provinces in China, we analyzed the type and intensity of farmers’ demands for productive services and the factors influencing agricultural green transformation in this developing country. The results show that rice farmers most urgently demand services including plant protection information, seedling supply, and unified prevention and treatment, with lower demand for services providing information about materials and soil. Given the consistency of productive services at the village level, we used a hierarchical linear model to analyze factors influencing farmer demand. The results show that for farmers with low levels of technology adoption, their demands for the services are significantly impacted by economic development level, production areas, rice planting labor, and technical knowledge, whereas for farmers with high levels of technology adoption, village service levels and production areas significantly affect their service demands.
Evaluating Resident Procedural Skills: Faculty Assess a Scoring Tool
Authors: Wells Jack , Ludden-Schlatter Alicia , Kruse Robin L. , Cronk Nikole J.
Published: April 2020

Background and Objective: Procedural skills assessment is critical in residency training. The Council of Academic Family Medicine recommends the Procedural Competency Assessment Tool (PCAT) for assessing procedure competence of family medicine residents. We sought to evaluate the reliability of the PCAT and to better identify its strengths and limitations.
Methods: In this mixed-methods study conducted in 2017, 18 faculty members of an academic family medicine residency program watched a video of one of the authors performing a simulated shave biopsy with intentional errors. Faculty scored the procedure using the shave biopsy PCAT, then participated in a focus group discussion of the rationale for the scores given. Qualitative analysis assessed perceived benefits and challenges of the PCAT. Following the discussion, faculty scored the same procedure again, using a PCAT modified with additional objective criteria.
Results: On the original PCAT, 40% of respondents rated the physician as competent. This dropped to 21.4% on the modified PCAT (P=.035). Respondents scored competent even though procedure components were scored as novice. Score variability decreased with the checklist-based PCAT. Qualitative analysis revealed that the PCAT is subjective and interpretation of the tool varies widely.
Conclusions: Further studies regarding PCAT validity and reliability are needed. The PCAT may require further norming with additional objective criteria to improve reliability. Residencies may train faculty on using the PCAT to improve interobserver agreement, or decide to use a more intuitive checklist evaluation tool.
Using the BRAVO Risk Engine to Predict Cardiovascular Outcomes in Clinical Trials with Sodium Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors (SGLT2i)
Authors: Shao Hui , Shi Lizheng , Fonseca Vivian A
Published: April 2020

OBJECTIVE This study evaluated the ability of the Building,
Relating, Assessing, and Validating Outcomes (BRAVO) risk engine to accurately project
cardiovascular outcomes in three major clinical trials (EMPA-REG, CANVAS, and
DECLARE-TIMI) on sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGL2is) to treat
patients with type 2 diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Baseline data from the publications of the three
trials were obtained and entered into the BRAVO model to predict cardiovascular
outcomes. Projected benefits of reducing risk factors of interest (A1c,
systolic blood pressure (SBP), LDL, or BMI) on cardiovascular events were
evaluated, and simulated outcomes were compared to those observed in each
trial.

RESULTS BRAVO achieved the best prediction accuracy when
simulating outcomes of the CANVAS and DECLARE-TIMI trials. For the EMPA-REG
trial, a mild bias was observed (~20%) in the prediction of mortality and
angina. The effect of risk reduction on outcomes in treatment vs placebo groups
predicted by the BRAVO model strongly correlated with the observed effect of risk
reduction on the trial outcomes as published. Finally, the BRAVO engine revealed
that most of the clinical benefit associated with SGLT2i treatment are through
A1c control, although reductions in SBP and BMI explain a proportion of the
observed decline in cardiovascular events.

CONCLUSIONS The BRAVO risk
engine was effective in predicting the benefits of SGLT2i on cardiovascular
health through improvements in commonly measured risk factors, including A1c, SBP,
and BMI. Since these benefits are individually small, the use of the complex,
dynamic BRAVO model is ideal to explain the cardiovascular outcome trial
results.
Sıralı Tip Isı Borulu Isı Değiştiricilerinde MgO+CuO/Su ve MgOAl2O3/Su Nanoakışkanları Kullanılarak Performansın İyileştirilmesi: Karşılaştırmalı Deneysel Çalışma
Authors: FİLİZ Çağdaş , YETİŞKEN Yaşar
Published: April 2020

Gerekli temiz havanın ön ısıtılmasında kullanılan sistemler; sanayide ve birçok atık ısı tesislerinde kullanılan atık ısı geri kazanım üniteleridir. Bu çalışmada havadan havaya ısı geri kazanım sistemlerinde saf su ve nanoakışkanlar kullanılarak ısı borulu ısı geri kazanım sisteminin ısıl performansının iyileştirilmesi hedeflenmiştir. Son zamanlarda bayağı uygulama alanı bulan nanoakışkanların deney düzeneğinde kullanılmış olması, çalışmaya özgünlük değeri katmıştır. Çalışma akışkanı olarak MgO+CuO/Su hibrit nanoakışkanı ve MgOAl2O3/Su nanoakışkanı ısı borulu ısı değiştiricisinde kullanılmıştır. Bu nanoakışkanların kullanılmasıyla, saf suya göre ısı geri kazanım sisteminin ısıl performanstaki iyileşme oranları tespit edilmiş ve bunlara yorum getirilmeye çalışılmıştır. Isı borularının alt kısmı olan kondenser bölgesinde, soğuk hava hızı 0.751 m/s ve Re=12300 iken, MgO+CuO/Su hibrit nanoakışkanı için % 77 oranında ve MgOAl2O3/Su nanoakışkanı için % 91 oranında iyileşme olduğu ölçülmüştür.
Praksisnær undervisning – nytt begrep og ny realitet?
Authors: Nordkvelle Yngve
Published: April 2020

The task of mediating meanings of what may be constituted as ‘practice’ and ‘theory’ – its differences of kind and essence – and their commonalities or unions in the everyday of students – and the professions they are being prepared for, is demanding. The introductory chapter seeks to introduce a multitude of angels to view the phenomenon by. There is a political angle about how we make students better prepared for their future vocational contribution to the society, so that their human capital is realised as soon as possible in the knowledge economy. The humanistic angle suggested in the chapter deals with the personal and social development of the students. There is also a philosophical angle available to interprete how thinking and reasoning is a matter of shifting modes with acting and doing – and reflecting on the relations between them. The chapter uses the framework adapted from Ernest Boyer to project where we as academics are in the landscape of higher education: in the disciplines or in education of professionals.