bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Safe Working in Hot Weather Conditions
Authors: Lim Peng Hong , Lee Nai Ming
Published: April 2019

The commitment of Oil Spill Response Limited (OSRL) to "provide resources to respond to oil spills efficiently and effectively on a global basis" to the industry is principally founded on the health, safety and well being of personnel; fundamental to the business is the effective management of health and safety risks.

When oil spills occur, responders are often expected to work in challenging environments which present serious health and safety risks; examples include, but are not limited to, extremes of temperature, wind and humidity; a concern is personnel working in hot weather conditions. To this end, a safe system of work, aligned to industry good practice, was established. The safe system of work for operating in hot weather consolidates and strengthens existing processes in the OSRL risk management framework; it leverages on familiar tools and utilises ‘Heat Risk Categories’ derived from ‘WetBulb Globe Temperatures (WBGT)’.

Key to the effort are written procedures which calibrate and standardise measures to prevent and manage heat injuries, applied to the following: 1) Planning; 2) Response; and 3) Demobilisation phases in any oil spill clean up. The procedures were validated over a succession of field deployment exercises conducted in Bahrain during summer, between 2016 and 2018

This paper will discuss the risk management approach by OSRL - focus is placed on the practitioner's perspective to ensure service delivery in hot weather conditions. The attention given to heat injuries, justified by instrument-measured indicators grounded in research, represents a step improvement to ensure the health and safety of responders.

From a practical perspective, the following considerations are brought to the fore, starting from the planning phase: Adjustment of work load, clothing and PPE, commensurate with the heat riskAllocation of sufficient and appropriate resources to implement recommended work/rest cyclesCapture of data for reporting and future reference (and further study)
RTS,S malaria vaccine pilot studies: addressing the human realities in large-scale clinical trials
Authors: Berg Machteld van den , Ogutu Bernhards , Sewankambo Nelson , Biller-Andorno Nikola , Tanner Marcel
Published: April 2019

A malaria vaccine as part of the integrated malaria control and elimination efforts will have a major impact on public health in sub-Sahara Africa. The first malaria vaccine, RTS,S, now enters pilot implementation in three African countries. These pilot implementation studies are being initiated in Kenya, Malawi and Ghana to inform the broader roll-out recommendation. Based on the malaria vaccine clinical trial experiences, key ethical practices for effective clinical trial research in low-resource settings are described. For successful vaccine integration into malaria intervention programs, the relational dynamics between researchers and trial communities must be made explicit. Incorporating community values and returning to research practices that serve the intended benefactors are key strategies that address the human realities in large-scale clinical trials and pilot implementation, leading to positive public health outcomes.
PRODIG (Prevention of new onset diabetes after transplantation by a short term treatment of Vildagliptin in the early renal post-transplant period) study: study protocol for a randomized controlled study
Authors: Gaiffe Emilie , Crepin Thomas , Bamoulid Jamal , Courivaud Cécile , Büchler Matthias , Cassuto Elisabeth , Albano Laetitia , Chemouny Jonathan , Choukroun Gabriel , Hazzan Marc , Kessler Laurence , Legendre Christophe , Meur Yannick Le , Ouali Nacera , Thierry Antoine , Anota Amélie , Nerich Virginie , Limat Samuel , Bonnetain Franck , Vernerey Dewi , Ducloux Didier
Published: April 2019

Background: Post-transplant diabetes is a frequent and serious complication of kidney transplantation. There is currently no treatment to prevent or delay the disease. Nevertheless, identification of risk factors make possible to target a population at risk to develop de novo diabetes. We hypothesized that a short term treatment with Vildagliptin may prevent new onset diabetes after transplantation (NODAT) in high-risk patients.
Method/design: This is a multicenter double-blind placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial. Patients undergoing first kidney transplantation will be included in 10 French transplant center. Included patients will be randomized (1:1) to receive either vildagliptin 100 or 50 mg/day (depending on glomerular filtration rate) during 2 months (the first dose being administered before entering the operating theatres) or placebo. Additional antidiabetic therapy could be administered according to glycemic control. The primary outcome is the proportion of diabetic patients 1 year after transplantation, defined as patients receiving a diabetic treatment, or having a fasting glucose above 7 mmol/l, or/and with an abnormal oral glucose tolerance test. Secondary outcomes include the glycated hemoglobin, the occurrence of acute rejection, infection, graft loss and patient death at 3 months, 6 months and 12 months after transplantation. Outcomes will be correlated to clinical and general characteristics of the patient, cardiovascular history, nephropathy, dialysis history, transplantation data, biological data, the health-related quality of life and the cost-effectiveness of prevention of diabetes with vildagliptin.
Discussion: There are only few data concerning pharmacological prevention of post-transplant diabetes. If our hypothesis is verified, our results will have a direct application in clinical practice and could limit diabetes-associated morbidity, reduce cardiovascular complications, increase quality of life of renal transplant patients, and consequently promote graft and patient survival. Our results may possibly serve for non-transplant patients carrying a high-risk of diabetes associated with other co-morbidities.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02849899 Registered on 8 February 2016.
Keywords: Diabetes prevention; Vildagliptin; kidney transplantation; randomized controlled trial.
Demyelinating Syndrome in Systemic Sclerosis and Neuromyelitis Optica
Authors: Deeb khaled , Dold Jessika , Labault-Santiago Jose
Published: April 2019

INTRODUCTION: The objective of this study is to report a case of a 44-year-old female who presented with intractable hiccups, vomiting, and later complicated with paraplegia. Imaging and sero/immunological studies were consistent with Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) based on NMO-IgG sero-positivity and transverse myelitis on MRI. Further investigation revealed positive ANA, anti-RNA polymerase III autoantibodies, and Scl-70, leading to a concurrent diagnosis of systemic sclerosis (SSc). The coexistence of these two disease processes, namely systemic sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica, and their underlying clinical manifestations and therapeutic interventions, are seldom reported in literature and are worth reporting.

CASE REPORT: The patient was treated with high dose steroids, and subsequently developed malignant hypertension and acute renal failure, later identified as steroid induced scleroderma renal crisis on renal biopsy. Although Neuromyelitis Optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) has often been associated with various collagen and autoimmune diseases, the coexistence of NMOSD and SSc presented a challenge where patient underwent aggressive physical therapy and necessitated an intervention with Rituximab to achieve an appropriate clinical response. We have received consent forms from the participant in our study, and we have them on file in case they are requested. We have also received patient’s consent for the data presented in this article and Figure 1.

CONCLUSION: This report expands on NMOSD associated autoimmune diseases. Systemic Sclerosis is an insidious disease that is often diagnosed late as not all patients often report skin manifestation. The finding suggests that patients presenting with acute neurological manifestations get tested for NMO-IgG/AQP-4 antibodies and other immunological studies based on clinical findings.
Hepatitis C pretreatment profile and gender differences: Cognition and disease severity effects
Authors: Barreira David Pires , Marinho Rui T. , Bicho Manuel , Flores Isabel , Fialho Renata , Ouakinin Sílvia
Published: April 2019

BACKGROUND

The hepatitis C virus (HCV) is known to infect the brain, however findings on associated neuropsychiatric syndrome are controversial and the association itself remains unclear. Gender research in HCV infection is limited, failing to integrate the role of gender in neurocognitive syndrome. This study aimed to characterize psychological and neurocognitive profiles in HCV-infected patients before treatment and to describe gender differences in those profiles as well as the impact of disease severity.

METHODS

A total of 86 patients diagnosed with chronic hepatitis C were selected in the context of a multidisciplinary out-patient clinic. A semistructured interview was performed to collect social-demographic data and clinical characterization. Assessment was performed using the Hamilton anxiety scale (HAM-A), Hamilton depression scale (HAM-D), Beck depression inventory and a neuropsychological battery to measure attention, concentration, memory and executive functions components validated for the Portuguese population, before starting treatment. To identify the disease severity, platelet ratio index and FibroScan® were used.

RESULTS

A statistically significant gender effect was found on HAM-A (B = 0.64, confidence interval (CI): 0.17-1.11) and HAM-D, with women scoring higher (B = 0.62, CI: 0.14-1.09) compared to men. Regarding neuropsychological scores, significant differences between gender were identified in executive functions Trails Making Test (TMT)-B (B = 0.48, CI: 0.02-0.97), TMT B-A (B = 0.26, CI: -39.2 to -3.7) and in digit span total (B = -0.52, CI: -1.0 to -0.04), with women performing worse than men. Controlling for years of substance dependence, Digit Span Total was no longer significant; however, TMT-B and TMT B-A continued showing gender differences. Regarding the presence or absence of substance dependence, only HAM-A and HAM-D remained significant. For categorial variables, Digit Span Total was also influenced by gender, with women being more likely to be impaired (odds ratio (OR) = 7.07, CI: 2.04-24.45), and a trend was observed for Digit Span Backward (OR = 3.57, CI: 1.31-9.75). No significant differences were found between disease severity and neurocognitive performance.

CONCLUSION

Data suggest that gender has an influence on depression, anxiety and cognitive functions independently of the stage of infection. This effect seems influenced by substance dependence.
Factors Affecting Self-management in Iranian Tuberculosis Patients: A Path Analysis Model
Authors: Ghavidel Nooshin , Mahmoodi Zohreh , Sharifipour Zhila , Harandi Tayebeh Fasihi
Published: April 2019

Background

Tuberculosis is a chronic infectious disease that, if not treated and managed properly, increases the Multi Drug Resistance (MDR). Self-management behaviors can reduce the progression of illness. Although various factors affect self-management, no study has not been conducted on the self-management tuberculosis through path analysis. This study evaluated the factors affecting self-management in tuberculosis patients using path analysis.

Methods

This study was a cross-sectional study and was done on 133 non prisoner tuberculosis (TB) patients that referred to all health centers in Karaj, Iran from March 2016 to February 2017.The structured questionnaire was applied. Data were analyzed with SPSS-17 and Lisrel 8.8, utilizing statistical path analysis to evaluate the relationships between self-management and its related factors.

Results

52.3% of the participants in the study were female and 47.7% were male. Respondents of this research were 46.9% smear-positive, 9.4% smear- negative, 43.8% extra-pulmonary TB. Fit indices confirmed the model fitness and logical relationships between the variables according to the conceptual model (X2=49.80, df=25). The final path model showed that the age (B=0.84), attitude (B=0.10), marital status (B=0.04) and house condition (B=0.03) impact self-management just through direct path. Knowledge (B=0.83) and education (0.16) affect the self-management through both direct and indirect paths. The education indirectly affects the self-management through both knowledge and attitude. knowledge indirectly impact self-management through attitude. In other words knowledge and attitude mediate the relationship between some factors and self-management.

Conclusions

This study provided an empirical model that illustrates the relationships between self-management and related factors in TB Patients. The most important factor that affects self-management through both direct and indirect paths was knowledge. The knowledge can be the target of interventions in support of self-management
Degradation of safranin by heterogeneous Fenton processes using peanut shell ash based catalyst
Authors: Ikhlaq Amir , Anwar Hafiza Zara , Javed Farhan , Gull Saba
Published: April 2019

Today, dyes are one of the major problematic pollutants in the environment and are broadly used in several industrial sectors. In the current research work, decolorization of safranin (basic dye) from aqueous solution was investigated using iron-impregnated peanut shell ash (Fe-PSA) as a catalyst in the UV-assisted heterogeneous Fenton process (Fe-PSA/H2O2/UV). The effect of parameters such as H2O2 concentration, catalyst dose, pH, initial dye concentration, temperature, and agitation speed was studied. The maximum decolorization of safranin was achieved at optimum parametric values of reagent dose = 8 mM, catalyst dose = 0.5 g, pH = 3, initial concentration of safranin = 50 ppm, temperature = 25 °C, and agitation speed = 200 rpm. The results revealed the efficient performance of Fe-PSA as catalyst in the Fe-PSA/H2O2/UV process for safranin treatment.
Kurdish EFL Students Teachers’ Practicum Experience: Some Basic Challenges
Authors: Abdulrahman Barham Sattar
Published: April 2019

Abstract—The present study highlights the main challenges faced by EFL student teachers (STs) of the Department of English - College of Basic Education - University of Sulaimani during their teaching practice. To investigate the challenges, a closed-ended questionnaire is designed which consists of 20 items focusing on a variety of relevant issues of practicum experience. The questionnaire is given to 50 EFL STs and the collected data is statistically analyzed. The study hypothesizes that EFL STs might have serious challenges in their teaching at basic schools, which could be related to the lack of motivation of basic school students, shortage of practicum period, supervisors’ evaluation, and lack of teaching technology. These challenges are proved true after the analysis of the data. Based on the conclusions of this current study, it is recommended that Kurdish EFL STs should be familiarized with different aspects of teaching profession. To this end, the university stakeholders should design a specialized program for ST practicum and create a strong link with basic school programs. The conclusions and recommendations could be taken into consideration by the STs, university teaching staff, and basic school principals to overcome the challenges and improve the practicum process. Thus, the study could have potentially significant implications for the senior administrators of the Department of English, College of Basic Education deanery, and the University of Sulaimani presidency for addressing the main challenges of practicum faced by EFL STs.
Electronic diplomacy: A study of the nature, requirements, and implications
Authors: Salih Barznji Dana Ali
Published: April 2019

This research treats a new and contemporary subject, i.e. e-diplomacy. Diplomacy has been transformed as a tool of foreign policy and a new pattern of diplomatic practice has emerged through the establishment of virtual embassies and websites of foreign ministries and diplomatic institutions, and also through the large presence of diplomats on social network websites. Additionally, this has been utilized in diplomatic administration and public diplomacy to achieve diplomatic goals. This research focuses on the concept of e-diplomacy and highlights its main characteristics and opportunities it offers to international units. It also focuses on the most important necessities and implications of using e-diplomacy, pros and cons to challenges and risks. With the opportunities offered by such diplomacy to international units in the exercise of their external relations, there are many requirements for such diplomacy. The research has proved its hypothesis which is that the diplomacy of international units cannot be successful if they fail or neglect to provide the essential requirements for e-diplomacy. They really need to use this diplomacy if they want their diplomacy to succeed and develop or if they are to respond to developments in diplomacy, communication technology, and information. Ignoring this will expose them to isolation from the international community, because the role of international relations, now in the official and popular spheres, depends largely on e-diplomacy, especially public diplomacy. It formulates faster communication channels and more efficient than traditional channels and can reach a wider audience, as well as administrative, structural, and informational capabilities it provides.
GGE Biplot Analysis of Multi-Environment Yield Trials in Soybean Promising Lines
Authors: Krisnawati Ayda , Adie M. Muchlish
Published: April 2019

Soybean in Indonesia is grown in diverse agro-ecological environments. The performance of soybean yield often varies due to significant genotype × environment interaction (GEI), therefore the yield stability of performance is an important consideration in the breeding program. The aim of the research was to exploring the GEI pattern and yield stability of soybean promising lines in the tropics using GGE (Genotype and Genotype by Environment Interaction) biplot method. A total of 16 soybean promising lines were evaluated in ten environments during 2016 growing season. The experiment was arranged in a randomized completely block design with four replicates. The analysis of variance revealed that environments (E) explained the highest percentage of variation (51.45%), meanwhile the genotypes (G) and genotype × environment interactions (GEI) contributed for 3.24%, and 14.59% of the total variation, respectively. Seed yield of 16 soybean promising lines ranged from 2.41 to 2.83 t.ha-1 with an average of 2.74 t.ha-1. Joint effects of genotype and interaction (G+GE) which was partitioned using GGE biplot analysis showed that the first two components were significant, explaining 60.88% (37.89% PC1 and 22.98% PC2) of the GGE sum of squares. Indonesia can be divided into at least four putative mega environments for soybean production. The GGE biplot identified G10 as high yielding and stable promising line, thus recommended to be developed in multi-environment in tropical regions of Indonesia.
EXPLORATION OF ASIA LEADERSHIP THEORY: LOOKING FOR AN ASIAN ROLE IN THE FIELD OF LEADERSHIP THEORY
Authors: Santoso C. Budi
Published: April 2019

This study begins with the question of whether Western leadership theory is universal and where is Asia's contribution to this theory of leadership. Studies show that the theory of Asian leadership is local and influenced by the cultural influences of Asian local communities. Harmony and stability are the essences of Asian local culture. The leadership process is voluntary, collectivity, and is in a traditional or informal social structure. The effectiveness of traditional leadership is more concerned with aspects of guarding and achieving an atmosphere of harmony and stability. Furthermore, Western leadership theory is built from an organizational perspective that is competing to gain resources and maintain the organization's life. The West leadership process is mechanical, formal and transactional. Leadership effectiveness is the ability to win the competition and defend itself in a strong position in the competition. The differences in the approaches to Asian and Western leadership theory are in line with the concept of low-context and high-context perspective. This is also in line with the contingency approach for effective leadership. The study states that the position of Asian and Western leadership theory is the same, both groups of theories are on a practical level that emphasizes contextual conformity. The globalization paradigm has strengthened Western "influence" hegemony about effective leadership. However, this dominance will be temporary according to the human perspective or learning organization because of the contextual conformity. On the other hand, modern society has a stigma over the concept of Asian local leadership above. The things above reinforce the dim role of local Asian leadership in modern Asian society itself.
Apresentação
Authors: Guillen Isabel Martins
Published: April 2019

Apresentação
Argélia e a questão colonial: interpretações sobre o colonialismo
Authors: Sampaio Thiago Henrique
Published: April 2019

É inegável os impactos da Guerra de Libertação da Argélia no continente africano e para própria França. Seus longos anos de conflito impactaram diversos movimentos de libertação colonial em África e causaram uma ruptura política profunda na França. O presente trabalho tem por objetivo analisar os posicionamentos de Sartre, Frantz Fanon e Bourdieu em seus escritos analisando as consequências do colonialismo francês em Argélia e os impactos da guerra para o colonizador e o colonizado.
O coronel prefeito: um retrato pela imprensa da figura de Arthur Ferreira Filho no rearranjo político no norte do Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Goulart Gabriela Tosta
Published: April 2019

O presente artigo tem o objetivo de analisar o perfil da administração de Arthur Ferreira Filho em Passo Fundo, por ser ele o último interventor pré Carta Constitucional de 1946, estabelecendo uma relação com as ideias e projetos políticos veiculados na imprensa local. O recorte caracteriza a última administração de Arthur Ferreira Filho no município, marcado por um rearranjo político no nível estadual, o que foi acompanhado por um acirrado debate na imprensa e, principalmente entre seus opositores políticos. Passo Fundo à época era um dos principais polos econômico e político do estado, sendo uma importante base eleitoral.  Assim, considera-se um espaço representativo para compreender o cenário em transição neste jogo de poder local e estadual.
O complexo Dadoxylon-Araucarioxylon, Carbonífero e Permiano do Gondwana: estudo taxonômico do gênero Araucarioxylon
Authors: KURZAWE Francine , MERLOTTI Sheila
Published: April 2019

Os gêneros Dadoxylon Endlicher e Araucarioxylon Kraus têm sido relacionados a diferentes grupos desde a sua origem e, mais recentemente, sua legitimidade têm sido contestada com base no Código Internacional de Nomenclatura Botânica (CINB). Na primeira parte desta reavaliação foram consideradas as espécies pertencentes ao gênero Dadoxylon. Nesta segunda parte serão analisadas as espécies de Araucarioxylon com base em propostas taxonômicas recentes e nas regras do CINB. Como resultado do presente estudo, dentre as 16 espécies identificadas na literatura, oito foram recombinadas em três diferentes gêneros, quatro em Agathoxylon Hartig [Agathoxylon africanum, A. karooensis, A. nandorii. e A. petrielae], uma em Brachyoxylon Hollick & Jeffrey [Brachyoxylon semibisseriatum] e três em Protocupressinoxylon Eckhold [Protocupressinoxylon bhivkundense, P. surangei e P. wejgaoense]; uma foi considerada inválida [Araucarioxylon ghovawarense], quatro não foram passíveis de transferência devido à ausência de características diagnósticas preservadas [Araucarioxylon meridionale, A. nummularium, A. schmidianum e A. sp. Crisafulli & Lutz], uma necessita ser enquadrada em um novo gênero [Araucarioxylon roxoi] e duas não foram analisadas [Araucarioxylon kothariensis e A. robertianum].
Alteration processes in the Maliman (hipo) bentonite deposit. Andean Precordillera, San Juan, Argentina
Authors: GÓMEZ Cristina , CRAVERO Fernanda , LUNA Liliana , GARRIDO Mirta
Published: April 2019

Na Província de San Juan, noroeste da Argentina, ocorre um depósito de bentonitabranca formado a partir de rochas vulcânicas do Neogeno (Formação Las Trancas). Estas rochas foram posteriormente falhadas e intrudidas por diques traquíticos/andesíticos. O depósito se localiza na parte central de uma área elíptica de 10 km2 e se formou pela alteração de vidro riolítico com intercalação de termos vesiculares e fibrosos. Os principais produtos de alteração são montmorilonita, opala C-T e zeolitas. As zonas de maior concentração de montmorilonita são controladas por diques e falhas. A alteração das rochas vulcânicas para bentonita se deu numsistema hidrológico aberto, onde a remoção de Si e de álcalis propiciou a formação de opala C-T e zeolitas, enquanto Mg e H2O foram consumidos na formação de montmorilonita. Durante o processo de alterção, o Th tem baixa mobilidade, Nb e Y são lixiviados, Zr é enriquecido e não há fracionamento de elementos terras raras (ETR). Conclui-se que a mobilidade de elementos maiores e traços durante a alteração depende da natureza da rocha-mãe, da composição do fluido e da razão rocha/água.
Reconhecimento e classificação da cobertura vegetal a partir de informações provenientes do laser scanning empregando a função discriminante linear de Fischer
Authors: SCHIMALSKI Marcos Benedito , MITISHITA Edson Aparecido , NETO Anselmo Chaves
Published: April 2019

A evolução do espaço rural vinculado a ampliação da fronteira agrícola, necessária as atividades do agro- negócio e da silvicultura, exercem forte pressão sobre os recursos naturaisimpactando, muitas vezes, de forma negativa as intervenções exercidas por tais atividades. Neste contexto, o conhecimento da realidade física necessária ao planejamento das intervenções, pode ser obtido através do emprego do Sensoriamento Remoto, cujos produtos podem auxiliar os gestores na orientação das atividades expansionistas e conservacionistas. Contudo, para a verificação da legislação ambiental brasileira, além de informações planimétricas, necessita-se de informações referentes à Geomorfologia. O sistema laser scanning apresenta vantagens no fornecimento destas informações além de possibilitar a separação da cobertura vegetal através de produtos derivados de suas observações, entre eles a imagem de intensidade. O objetivo geral deste trabalho foi verificar a classificação da cobertura vegetal a partir das observações brutas obtidas pelo laser scanning, empregando a Função Discriminante Linear de Fischer. Para possibilitar a classificação foram gerados parâmetros adicionais oriundos das observações laser: densidade de pontos, variância altimétrica e a altura da cobertura vegetal, além da informação referente à intensidade. São apresentadas as etapas de trabalho e os resultados obtidos no processo para a área de estudo localizada na represa do Capivari em Curitiba no Estado do Paraná.
Avaliação do risco toxicológico à saúde humana associado ao incremento do fluxo de cromo antrópico em segmentos fluviais afetados por curtumes
Authors: RODRIGUES Maria Lucia  Kolowski , FORMOSO Milton Luiz Laquintinie , KOLLER Débora Karine , GUERRA Teresinha
Published: April 2019

Neste estudo, empregou-se uma abordagem dinâmica, baseada em modelo de balanço de massa, para avaliar fluxos afluentes e efluentes de cromo em segmentos selecionados dos rios Cadeia e Feitoria (RS, Brasil), visando identificar aportes a partir da atividade dos curtumes instalados na região. Empregando um traçador geoquímico de fontes naturais (ferro), em associação com o método de análise de risco da Agência de Proteção Ambiental dos Estados Unidos, a estratégia permitiu rastrear o incremento potencial do risco toxicológico à saúde humana em cada segmento avaliado, referente à ingestão de água contaminada com cromo de origem antrópica. Para aplicação do modelo numérico, usaram-se dados secundários de vazão e concentração de cromo, obtidos em dez pontos de amostragem, em quatro estações do ano – julho/1999, outubro/1999, janeiro/2000 e abril/2000. Embora os resultados indicassem teores abaixo do limite de detecção para a forma mais tóxica de cromo (hexavalente), assumiu-se um cenário crítico na estimativa do risco: ingestão de água bruta e possibilidade de conversão de todo o Cr3+ presente a Cr6+. Calculados os fluxos afluentes e efluentes de cada segmento, constatou-se uma exportação de cromo do rio Feitoria para o Cadeia e deste para o rio Caí, contribuinte do lago Guaíba. Todos os quocientes de risco obtidos foram inferiores à unidade, sugerindo ausência de possíveis efeitos toxicológicos adversos por ingestão de água contaminada com cromo. Por outro lado, a aplicação do modelo permitiu identificar segmentos fluviais e períodos do ano com incrementos de risco mais elevados, potencialmente decorrentes da contribuição de curtumes. O período de maior risco foi janeiro/2000, em condições de menor disponibilidade hídrica, que destacam a contribuição pontual dos curtumes. Os incrementos no fluxo de cromo antrópico e os correspondentes incrementos de risco foram maiores no trecho inferior do rio Feitoria, onde se concentram curtumes.
Reavaliação taxonômica de lenhos das formações Irati e Serra Alta, Permiano da Bacia do Paraná , Brasil
Authors: MERLOTTI Sheila
Published: April 2019

Com base na bibliografia e na revisão taxonômica de lenhos fósseis do Eopermiano da Bacia do Paraná, Brasil, três novas combinações, Myelontordoxy lon camposii (Mussa), Abietopitys  articulata (Dohms) e Paulistoxylon iratiensis (Guerra-Sommer), são propostas e uma espécie, Polysolenoxylon bortoluzzii Guerra, é considerada inválida. Excetuando-se M. camposii, originária da Formação Irati no Estado de São Paulo, todas as demais são provenientes da Formação Serra Alta no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Com base nas novas combinações, apresentam-se emendas à diagnose genérica de Myelontordoxylon Mussa e à diagnose específica de A. articulata (Dohms).
REVISÃO DA EXTENSÃO AREAL E DO VOLUME DA FORMAÇÃO SERRA GERAL, BACIA DO PARANÁ, AMÉRICA DO SUL
Authors: FRANK Heinrich Theodor , GOMES Márcia Elisa Boscato , FORMOSO Milton Luiz Laquintinie
Published: April 2019

A discussão sobre a origem das Províncias de Basaltos de Platô Continentais tem como um de seus elementos mais importantes o volume do magma mobilizado. Em relação às rochas da Formação Serra Geral na Bacia do Paraná (América do Sul), a maioria dos autores cita uma extensão de 1.200.000 km2 e um volume de aproximadamente 800.000 km3 . O mesmo volume é usado frequentemente para a Província de Basaltos de Platô Continental Paraná-Etendeka, da qual a Formação Serra Geral constitui a maior parte. Nós investigamos a precisão desses números através de uma revisão histórica completa acerca de sua origem. Verificamos que o valor relativo à extensão, de 1.200.000 km2 , é apenas uma estimativa apresentada em 1934 e que o volume de 800.000 km3 foi obtido multiplicando este valor de extensão por uma estimativa da espessura média dos derrames de lava de 650 metros apresentada em 1966. Usando um mapa recente, verificamos que a área coberta por rochas vulcânicas na Bacia do Paraná é de apenas 917.000 km2 (+- 15.000 km2 ). Através de mapas de isópacas de 1987 e 1990, calculamos o volume das rochas extrusivas como sendo de pelo menos 450.000 km3 e que o volume referente aos corpos intrusivos do tipo sill é de pelo menos 112.000 km3 . Através destas estimativas, o volume de rochas da Formação Serra Geral deve ser considerado como sendo superior a 600.000 km3 . A Província de Basaltos de Platô Continental Paraná-Etendeka como um todo possui um volume de no mínimo 1.700.000 km3 .
Sedimentologia da Aloformação Paranavaí, Bacia Hidrográfica do Alto Rio Paraná (SP, PR E MS)
Authors: SALLUN ALETHÉA ERNANDES MARTINS , SUGUIO KENITIRO , SOBRINHO JOSÉ MARIA AZEVEDO SOBRINHO MARIA AZEVEDO
Published: April 2019

The Paranavaí Alloformation is composed of Quaternary colluvial deposits, that are irregularly distributed throughout the Upper Paraná River Hydrographic Basin. This unit overlies of the Cretaceous superimposed to the sedimentary rocks Bauru Supersequence and basalts of the Serra Geral Formation. This work aims to provide a better definition of the Paranavaí Alloformation throught sedimentological characterization and provenance studies of its sediments, through textural and mineralogical analyses.The Paranavaí Alloformation is constituted by colluvial deposits, mainly composed by unconsolidated reddish colour sands. The contacts between these deposits and the underlying rocks are unconformable and marked by ferricrete and/or stonelines. The ferricretes constitute irregularly aggregated, millimetric to centimetric nodules, which exhibit reddish brown roughly concentric structures, with high SiO2 contents. Fine to coarse, quartzose sands exhibit corrosion features (microfissures), filled by goethite (ferric hydroxide). These sediments present 17 textural classes, with dominance of sand and clayey sand. The heavy mineral content of the Paranavaí Alloformation can reach 21,4% in weight, when overling the Serra Geral Formation. Superabundant minerals zircon, tourmaline, staurolite, rutile, kyanite in fine to very fine sands include pyroxene, hornblende, garnet, epidote, anatase and fluorite, with scarce spinel, apatite, sillimanite, monazite, brookite and andaluzite. The Paranavaí Alloformation presents, in general, homogeneous textural characteristics, and are very similar to the substrate rocks, suggesting the Bauru Supersequence and the Serra Geral Formation as source rocks.
Novos Fósseis de Vertebrados para a Sanga da Cruz (Pleistoceno Superior), Alegrete, RS, Brasil
Authors: KERBER LEONARDO , OLIVEIRA ÉDISON V.
Published: April 2019

New specimens of Glyptodon sp., Morenelaphus sp., Pampatherium typum and Testudines indet. from the outcroup Salatiel II, Sanga da Cruz, Alegrete, State of Rio Grande do Sul, are reported. The fossils are represented by long bones and isolated and articulated osteoderms. The fossil material comes from conglomerate sandstones assigned to the latest Pleistocene (Lujanian age). The reported absolute dates for the Sanga da Cruz are in according to the Lujanian age, but the reworking evidences coupled with the wide temporal range of the reported Pleistocene taxa disables a better correlation and a paleoecological interpretation.
Deriva Litorânea ao Longo da Costa do Cacau, Bahia: Repercussões na Geomorfologia Costeira
Authors: DO NASCIMENTO LUCAS , BITTENCOURT ABÍLIO , SANTOS ADEYLAN , DOMINGUEZ JOSÉ
Published: April 2019

In this study the patterns of sediment dispersion along part of the southern coast of Bahia, known as the Cacao Coast, were defined, starting with a numerical modeling on wave refraction diagrams. These patterns are able to reproduce net longshore drift direction of sediments in sections where there are geomorphic evidences of the longshore drift direction, and also reasonably explain the different coastal sections under deposition and erosion or little/no deposition, identified by walking the entire extension of the area under study. In a general way, the Cacao Coast may be divided into two sectors with well-defined characteristics: a) the northern half, with a predominance of sections under erosion or little/no deposition, and b) the southern half, with a predominance of sections under deposition.
Aplicação da Micromorfologia de Solos ao Estudo de Sedimentos Alúvio-Coluviais em Cabeceiras de Vale
Authors: SILVA FERREIRA GLAUCIA MARIA DOS SANTOS , TEIXEIRA DE OLIVEIRA MARCELO ACCIOLY
Published: April 2019

Previous work on the role played by valley head areas in humid regions brought to light geomorphological units of the drainage net in which erosion and sedimentation would tend to be recurrent in time and space. Valley heads studied in Brazil had already proved to be very sensible to gully erosion processes, which, besides its importance to land degradation, also is a common process of hillslope evolution on humid regions. Gully erosion carries out from slopes important amounts of sediments, which may either, accumulate as proximal colluvium and alluvium or be conveyed through the drainage net. When colluvium and alluvium accumulate in proximal areas sedimentary structures may be preserved allowing the study of evolutionary processes. This paper is an attempt to apply micromorphological analysis to the study of the sedimentary structures preserved in gullied hillslopes of some southern Brazilian areas. The deposits are dated either in accordance to the supposed age of the gully incision, as estimated by aerial photographs, or by the record, in the field, of the depositional event. As a result, the age of the study deposits ranges from about 200 to 30 years, including fresh sediments just deposited one day before sampling. The paper stresses the relationship between macroscopic structures and micromorphological parametrical description, emphasizing interpretation of sedimentary structures as the result of variable overland flow rates on the gullied hillslopes.
Foraminíferos Bentônicos do Estuário de Cacha-Prego Ilha de Itaparica, Bahia, Brasil
Authors: ZERFASS GEISE DE SANTANA DOS ANJOS , ANDRADE EDILMA DE JESUS , LESSA GUILHERME CAMARGO , MACHADO ALTAIR DE JESUS
Published: April 2019

The Cacha-Prego estuary is a spit built coastal feature of Holocene age located in the Itaparica Channel (Todos os Santos Bay, Bahia State) and does not present any river input, hence, any fresh water that flow into the estuary is associated with the seeping water table. The thalweg is under wide variations in salinity, characteristic of a mixohaline-euhaline environment. On the other hand, the upper intertidal areas showed salinity levels typical of euhaline environment. The benthic foraminifera assemblage is represented by 71 species, while the living microfauna is composed of 19 species. Most of the living species were found within mangrove swamps, at the upper intertidal level, which were not exposed to brackish low-tide flows. The foraminifera assemblage distribution in the Cacha-Prego estuary is heterogeneous and reflects different microhabitats. In spite of the importance of the allochthonous elements transported into the estuary by the prevailing flood tidal flows, the autochthonous elements, represented by common species typical of paralic environments, were dominant in the estuary.
Metal Contamination of Stream Waters under the Impact of Tanneries
Authors: RODRIGUES MARIA LUCIA KOLOWSKI , FORMOSO MILTON LUIZ LAQUINTINIE
Published: April 2019

This study evaluated the contamination of water samples from Cadeia and Feitoria rivers (Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil), affected by tannery activities. From July 1999 to April 2000, four sampling campaigns were performed at ten sites in order to evaluate selected metals and ancillary physicochemical variables. Sample preservation and analyses followed recommendations of the Standard Methods. Factor analysis was used to obtain statistical indexes representing the contamination degree of waters evaluated. The information was summarized in two principal components. The first, which accounted for 50% of the total variance, was associated to a tannery contribution and generated a contamination index. Total, Suspended and Dissolved Solids, Dissolved Oxygen, Conductivity, Chromium, Manganese, Copper, Nickel, Sodium, Calcium, Potassium, and Magnesium were the well-correlated variables with this first component. The water quality decreased from headwaters up to mouth along both streams, but the most contaminated sites were located at the lower reach of Feitoria river (Ivoti and Lindolfo Collor cities), where tanneries are concentrated. After the entrainment of Feitoria waters (São Sebastião do Caí municipality), Cadeia river also presented an increased contamination degree. The application of statistical randomization tests highlighted these same sites as significantly distinct from the others. Water contamination also showed association to flow variations, and a poorer water quality was observed during the dry period (January). The second component, in which Iron, Aluminum, and Suspended Solids were the relevant variables, was loaded with 15% of the total variance. It was linked to natural events, since higher factor scores in this component were obtained during a period of increased water discharge (October), which caused resuspension and entrainment of solid material to the rivers bed. As a final result of the study, sampling stations were classified according to the contamination degree, and graphically represented on a basin map, which synthesized the environmental diagnosis.
Sedimentação de Longo e Curto Período na Lagoa dos Patos, Sul do Brasil
Authors: TOLDO JR ELÍRIO , DILLENBURG SERGIO , CORRÊA IRAN , ALMEIDA LUIZ , WESCHENFELDER JAIR , GRUBER NELSON
Published: April 2019

Lagoa dos Patos in southern Brazil is part of the largest lagoonal system in South America. The Holocene lagoonal sediments of the Lagoa dos Patos, mostly muds, have an average thickness of about 6 m as determined by 297 km of 7.0 kHz echograms. Holocene muddy sedimentation developed over a probable Upper Pleistocene coastal plain, whose surface has a subbottom reflector that could not be penetrated by the energy of a 7.0 kHz seismic wave. The characteristics of this reflecting surface suggest indurated Pleistocene muds and/or sediments that are coarser than the overlying muddy deposits of Holocene lagoon. Based on stratigraphic correlation and the local sea level curve, we estimate that Holocene sedimentation started about 8.0 ka ago. This yields an average deposition rate of 0.75 mm/yr. A broadly comparable average rate of 0.52 ± mm/yr was obtained for cored intervals between 14C samples from the upper part of these muddy Holocene lagoon deposits. These long-term sedimentation rates are much slower than rates based on two determinations of 210Pb for surface muds deposits in the last 150 years, which yielded values of 3.5 and 8.3 mm/yr. Quite possibly the high short-term rates may be the result of more rapid lagoonal sedimentation related to deforestation of the watershed of the lagoon and other impact types related with human activities during the 150 years of European colonization in the Rio Grande do Sul state. Also, the aim of this study is to identify present and possible future environmental problems related with high lagoonal sedimentation rates such as the water quality, port dredge and the presence of mud deposits on the oceanic beach.
Estrutura e Evolução dos Cordões Arenosos Pleistocênicos no Canal de Acesso à Laguna dos Patos-RS, Brasil
Authors: CORRÊA IRAN CARLOS STALLIVIERE , ALIOTTA SALVADOR , WESCHENFELDER JAIR
Published: April 2019

This work presents the results of a high-resolution seismic reflection data survey carried out in the Patos lagoon inlet, near Rio Grande the southernmost harbor of Brazil. The analysis of the reflection patterns reveals the presence of transgressive/regressive barrier structures and beach/foredune-ridges. The mapping of these barrier structures allows a better understanding of the geological evolution of the Patos lagoon system during the Quaternary period and also helps to understand the evolution and migration of the actual lagoonal inlet between the Patos lagoon and Atlantic Ocean.
Morfologia e Sedimentologia da Plataforma Continental Interna entre as Praias Porto de Galinhas e Campos - Litoral Sul de Pernambuco, Brasil
Authors: VAZ MANSO VALDIR DO AMARAL , CORRÊA IRAN CARLOS STALLIVIERE , GUERRA NÚBIA
Published: April 2019

The analysis of geomorphic and sedimentological characteristics of the inner continental shelf is an important propriety to studies of the coastal zone since they inform the conditions of the sea bottom, the predominant features and the types of associated sediments. Associated to morfodinamic study it can, for example, identify predisposed areas to erosive processes. The present paper shows the batimetry (to -20m) and the sediments distribution in the inner continental shelf between Porto de Galinhas and Campos beaches, south coast of Pernambuco State. The work results constitute pioneering mark in the inner continental shelf of the Pernambuco state.
Um Eqüídeo Fóssil do Pleistoceno de Alegrete, RS, Brasil
Authors: SCHERER CAROLINA SALDANHA , DA ROSA ÁTILA AUGUSTO STOCK
Published: April 2019

Fossil mammals and reptiles were found at the basal conglomeratic level from the Salatiel II outcrop, Sanga da Cruz, Alegrete, Rio Grande do Sul, which gave an approximate thermoluminescence age of 14.000 years BP (before present). The fossil herein studied consists of a left dentary fragment of a horse, identified from the occlusal teeth surface as Hippidion cf. Hippidion principale. A preliminary analysis of the associated fauna permits to achieve some paleoclimate inferences for the region, presumably colder than the present.
Significado Tectônico dos Depósitos de Leques Aluviais da Formação Santa Bárbara (Eo-Paleozóico) na Região de Caçapava do Sul (RS, Brasil)
Authors: DE BORBA ANDRÉ WEISSHEIMER , MIZUSAKI ANA MARIA PIMENTEL
Published: April 2019

The alluvial fan deposits of Early Paleozoic Santa Bárbara Formation, located in Sul-rio-grandense Shield area of southernmost Brazil, have been analyzed here in terms of facies associations and tectonic significance. The investigated unit comprises conglomerates, sandstones, and siltstones, deposited probably under continental semi-arid climate conditions, in the post-collisional stages of Neoproterozoic Brasiliano/Pan-African Cycle. The location of the alluvial deposits suggests that the depositional locus of this sedimentary unit should probably consist of an individual and restricted fault-bounded basin, named here Santa Bárbara Basin. Its settling was controlled by the extensional and strike-slip reactivation of NE, NW, and N-S structures inherited from Brasiliano/Pan-African Cycle. Alluvial deposits located in the southwestern and northwestern borders show dominance of sheetflood processes in the alluvial fans deposition. On the other hand, the eastern border of Santa Bárbara Basin, named the “Caçapava paleohigh”, comprises the coarser alluvial deposits, with major occurrence of debris-flow features. This fact suggests a possible asymmetry of this basin. These eastern border deposits reveal, in the clast composition of the conglomerates, three main phases of denudation of “Caçapava paleohigh”. The basal conglomerates reflect a stage when this important topographic high was covered by andesites and metasedimentary rocks. Stratigraphically above, metavolcanic fragments compose the coarse deposits, while at the top of the package the conglomerate framework consists mainly of granitic clasts. This third stage reflects the exposure of the deeper parts of “Caçapava paleohigh”, and it can be positioned at the base of the unconformable Sequence III of Santa Bárbara Formation. The total inversion of braided fluvial axial filling system and the occurrence of intrabasinal debris-flow deposits suggest a strong tectonic event and possibly a significant time span at the base of Sequence III.a