bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical manifestations of herpes simplex virus infection in children with atopic dermatitis
Authors: Tamrazova O. B. , Chebotareva T. A. , Stadnikova A. S. , Taganov A. V.
Published: January 2019

Atopic dermatitis is a disease of early childhood. Most children are infected with the herpes simplex virus at this age. The changes in  the congenital and adaptive immunity in  children with atopic dermatitis create precondition for the development of infectious complications, including those caused by herpes viruses. The authors of the article discuss details of various clinical manifestations of herpes infection in children with atopic dermatitis and they carry out differential diagnostics. Particular attention is paid to herpes eczema – the severe complication of atopic dermatitis in the course of disseminated herpes infection.

Conflict of interest: The authors of this article confirmed the lack of conflict of interest and financial support, which should be reported.
TEACHING TURKISH CULTURAL VALUES THROUGH NARRATIVES WITH A PLOT-STRUCTURE ANALYSIS APPROACH
Authors: ERDEM METE Defne
Published: January 2019

This study offers a plot-structure analysis approach in analyzing narratives on problematic intercultural encounters for teaching cultural values in the foreign language classroom. It argues that the plot-structure of narratives about such intercultural communication situations have characteristic features which are related to key elements of intercultural communication. Foreign language learners’ awareness on reasons of conflict in intercultural encounters, including lack of knowledge on cultural values, can be increased by exploring these characteristic elements. This study, first of all, presents a plot-structure analysis of two personal narratives written by foreigners who lived in Turkey. Then, based on this analysis, it proposes the distinctive features of plot-structure in narratives about a difficult intercultural encounter. Both of the narratives are about hospitality which is an important value in Turkish culture. Therefore, the analysis would be especially useful for learners of Turkish as a foreign language who would like to explore and learn Turkish cultural values. The two personal narratives which are “Rescued by Village Intelligence” and “Hediye” are chosen among the collection of memoirs titled Tales from the Expat Harem: Foreign Women in Modern Turkey first published in 2005. While one of the narratives reflects on how a display of hospitality turned out to be almost life-saving for the author when she was in desparate need for help, the other deals with the author’s experience about Turkish hospitality as an unfamiliar and quite disturbing issue for her.
ÇAVUŞ UNVANININ KÖKENİ, ANLAMLARI VE TÜRKİYE SELÇUKLULARI DÖNEMİNDE KULLANIMI
Authors: SOLMAZ Sefer
Published: January 2019

Türk devletlerinde hükümdar mekânı olarak kullanılan sarayın devlet hayatında önemli bir yeri vardır. Aynı zamanda devletin yönetim merkezi olarak kullanılan sarayda bir teşkilatlanma meydana getirilmiştir. Saray teşkilatında büyükten küçüğe bir takım görevliler yer almaktadır. Saraydaki bu görevlilerden birisi de çavuş olup önemli hizmetler ifa etmişlerdir. Aslında çavuş rütbesinin kökenleri İslam öncesi devirlere kadar uzanmaktadır. İlk defa Gök Türkler zamanında çavuş unvanına rastlanmaktadır. Uygurlar, Peçenekler, Kumanlar, Macarlar ve Hazarlarda da çavuş teriminin kullanıldığı görülmektedir. İslam’dan sonraki devirlerde ise Karahanlılar, Gazneliler, Büyük Selçuklular, Harezmşahlar, Eyyûbîler Türkiye Selçukluları, Anadolu Beylikleri, Memlükler ve Osmanlıların yanında günümüz Türk ordusunda da çavuş rütbesi kullanılmaktadır. Burada önce çavuş kavramının Türk devletlerindeki tarihsel gelişim süreci takip edilecektir. Daha sonra çavuş kelimesinin etimolojisi ve anlamlarından hareketle çavuşların görevleri ortaya konulmaya çalışılacaktır. Bunun için özellikle sözlüklerde ve kaynaklarda geçen çavuş kelimesi ve kökenleri ele alınacaktır. Bundan sonra bu kelimenin çeşitli dönemlerdeki kullanılan Türk dillerindeki anlamları belirlenecektir. Bu anlamlardan hareketle de çavuşun görevleri izah edilecek, tarihî süreç göz önünde tutularak ve örnekler verilerek Türkiye Selçuklularında çavuş rütbesi ve görevleri aydınlatılacaktır.
OĞUZLARIN KAYI BOYU DAMGASININ ANADOLU TÜRK MİMARİ SÜSLEMESİNDE MOTİF OLARAK KULLANILMASI ÜZERİNE
Authors: DURAN Remzi , BAŞ Ali
Published: January 2019

Türkler tarih sahnesine çıktıkları dönemden itibaren, hayvanlarına, kulanım eşyalarına ve inşa ettikleri küçük veya büyük mimari eserlere ait olduklarını düşündükleri boylarının damgalarını vurmayı gelenek haline getirmişlerdir. Anadolu’nun fethinde rol alan Türk boyları, fethettikleri yerlere de çoğunlukla kendi boy adlarını vermişlerdir. Bu boyların en etkili olanlarından biri de Kayı boyudur. Kayı boyu damgasının sadece damga olarak değil damga-motif olarak ta kullanıldığını görmekteyiz. Bu çalışma Selçuklu’dan Osmanlı’ya bu damganın mimaride damga-motif kullanımı üzerinedir.
Influence of pulse electric field on oil-bearing material rheology
Authors: Шорсткий Иван , Shorstkii Ivan
Published: January 2019

Treatment with pulse electric field is a promising method of preliminary preparation of oil-bearing material before further treatment. Experimental data was obtained in Kuban State Technological University (“Food and Chemical Technologies Research Center”) (Krasnodar). The author studied oil-bearing material rheological properties and assessed the influence of preliminary treatment with pulse electric field. Using mathematical tools and an experiment the author found out that plastic viscosity of pulp corresponds to oil viscosity which confirms the assumption about Bingham rheology made in the paper. Experimental works have shown that there is structure formation in the material that enters conveyor auger feeder. The author determined that there is an effect after treatment with pulse electric field as the structure of the material changed and critical shear stress decreased from 24.36 to 22.89 Pa for the samples which were treated with field having field intensity E = 8 kV/cm and number of pulses n = 300 during three seconds. Critical shear stress decrease due to the treatment with pulse electric field allows to use less energy for oil-bearing material transportation and crushing in case of pressing process. That factor is a positive complement to the existing effect of oil yield increase after preliminary preparation. The obtained parameters of the engineering model make it possible to forecast rheology of viscoplastic flow in wide range of shear strain rates in conveyor auger feeder as well as during treatment with pulse electric field.
Enantiomeric composition of essential oils Ocimum L. components
Authors: Сачивко Татьяна , Sachyuka Tatsiana , Коваленко Наталья , Kovalenko Nataliya , Супиченко Галина , Supichenko Galina , Босак Виктор , Bosak Viktar
Published: January 2019

Basil Ocimum L. belongs to the perspective aromatic and essential-oil plants. Its green mass and essential oils can be successfully used in different sectors of economy including food industry. In 56 samples of basil Ocimum L. having different ecological and geographic origin the author determined the content and yield of essential oils. The study of the taken basil cultivars shows that the content of essential oils in different types of basil (sweet basil – Ocimum basilicum L., holy basil – Ocimum tenuiflorum L., camphor basil – Ocimum kilimandscharicum Willd., hoary basil – Ocimum canum Sims.) was 0.28–0.83% when its yield was 24.0–314.6 kg/ha and green mass yield during technological maturity phase (massive flowering) was 0.51–5.08 kg/m2. By means of gas liquid chromatography method the author performed compositional and anantiometric analysis of the composition of the essential oils obtained from the new basil varieties such as Ocimum L. (Magiya, Volodar, Nastena, Istochnik), bred in Belorussian State Agricultural Academy and catalogued in the National Register of Cultivars in the Republic of Belarus. As a result of the research the author determined that essential oil samples obtained from the new basil cultivars have up to 20 components. The main components are linalool, methyl chavicol, - and -pinenes, -terpineol, eugenol, geraniol, geranial, geranyl acetate, thymol, neral, carvone, carvacrol, limonene and 1.8-cineol. Enantiomers are present in essential oil components - and -pinenes, limonene and linalool.
. Full-scale testing of biologically active additive “Ivlaxinˮ in patients with acute inflammatory diseases
Authors: Лобач Евгения , Lobach Evgeniya , Вековцев Андрей , Vekovtsev Andrey , Никитюк Дмитрий , Nikityuk Dmitriy , Позняковский Валерий , Poznyakovskiy Valeriy
Published: January 2019

Clinical tests were carried out in the representative group of patients with focal left-sided pneumonia (5 men and 7 women aged 18–41). Special-use product was included in in-patient department patients’ diet: 2 tablets in the first intake, then 1 tablet 4 times a day. Course of treatment was 21 days. Biologically active dietary supplement was prescribed together with general therapeutic treatment according to generally accepted standards of care. Control group included 15 patients randomized depending on sex and age who took only medicine. The author measured body temperature, studied the results of general blood tests, determined the level of C-reactive protein and seromucoids, performed R-graphy of lungs, electrocardiogram before and after treatment, analyzed clinical symptoms (cough, type of expectoration, shortness of breath). Composition of the special-use product was scientifically justified taking pharmacological characteristics of its ingredients and their active agents into account. Introduction of the biologically active dietary supplement in addition to the prescribed therapeutic treatment gave positive effect in relation to the inflammatory process: the patients could easier clear their throats from expectoration, coughed less frequently, and had less intense shortness of breath. It was evident that symptoms of disease recrudescence decreased. It appeared in the decreased intensity and length of fever. In case of acute respiratory viral infection the biologically active dietary supplement had antipyretic activity due to the anti-exudative effect of its ingredients. The author determined the anti-inflammatory effect and reduction of acute intoxication symptoms taking the results of general blood analysis into account. Patients who took special-use product had lower values of an inflammatory process marker – seromucoids. Tissues restored easily. The tested product has anti-inflammatory, antipyretic and analgesic properties. It can be used in complex treatment of acute inflammatory diseases and recrudescence of chronic inflammatory processes.
Enhanced phosphate adsorption on Ca-Mg-loaded biochar derived from tobacco stems
Authors: Yi Man , Chen Yucheng
Published: January 2019

Tobacco stems were used as precursors to prepare biochars (YGs) and develop Ca-Mg-loaded biochars (CMYGs) to enhance phosphate adsorption from aqueous solutions. Some influencing factors, such as pH, adsorption time, temperature, and structure characterization, were investigated. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra and X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns showed several new peaks, indicating that Mg(OH)2 and MgO have been present on the surface of the CMYGs. The adsorption could reach equilibrium in 100 min reaction. The equilibrium data were well described by the Langmuir and Freundlich model. After five recycles, the phosphate removal capacity of CMYGs biochar retained over 50%. Moreover, the XRD and FTIR analyses showed that the phosphate sorption mechanisms involved surface electrostatic attraction, inner-sphere complexation and precipitation reactions. Overall, the soaking method could be used to effectively load Mg2+ onto the surface of YGs. The CMYGs synthesized at 750 °C is a promising adsorbent for phosphate removal with a high adsorption capacity for phosphate-polluted wastewater.
Effect of the loam inter-layer on the migration and breakthrough of benzene under constant flow in the unsaturated zone: column experiments
Authors: Guo Leilei , Qian Lin , Xu Mo , Zhang Yunhui , Kang Xiaobing , Xiao Xianxuan , Zhang Qiang
Published: January 2019

The reliable prediction of transport and attenuation of dissolved-phase contamination in the unsaturated zone is a complex and multi-process problem. Based on the adsorption properties of soil samples to solutes, the soil column test and laboratory analysis were carried out in this study. The effects of the loam inter-layer on the migration and breakthrough of the characteristic pollutant benzene and non-absorbent Br− were studied. The results showed that the relatively high clay content of the inter-layer significantly changed the BTC (breakthrough curve). It not only delayed the migration time of benzene into the aquifer but also to some extent produced an attenuation effect, effectively reducing the content of the characteristic pollutants through the unsaturated zone. The dispersion coefficient was obtained through the measured Br−. The theoretical values were calculated and compared with the experimental data by using a one-dimensional unsaturated solute transport equation. The result was basically consistent, which proved the validity and reliability of the model. Through the BTC of benzene, the retardation factor was obtained and used to describe the influence of the loam inter-layer on the migration and breakthrough, which could provide the basis for the accurate modeling of groundwater remediation projects.
Synthesis of a novel visible light responsive γ-Fe2O3/SiO2/C-TiO2 magnetic nanocomposite for water treatment
Authors: Mungondori Henry H. , Ramujana Spencer , Katwire David M. , Taziwa Raymond T.
Published: January 2019

This work investigates the preparation of a magnetically recoverable photocatalytic nanocomposite of maghemite nanoparticles coated with silica and carbon doped titanium dioxide. The novel nanocomposite boasts the advantages of efficient photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants in water and ease of recovery of the fine particles after water treatment. The photocatalytic nanocomposite was successfully synthesized through a stepwise approach via co-precipitation and sol-gel methods. Characterisation by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) substantiated the existence of the intended structure of the nanocomposite and the particles were found to be in the size range of 15–22 nm with a quasi-spherical shape. Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area analysis revealed an average surface area of 55.20 m2/g, which is higher than that of commercial TiO2 (Degussa P25, 50.00 m2/g), and an average pore diameter of 8.36 nm. A 5 ppm methylene blue solution was degraded with an efficiency of 96.8% after 3 h of solar irradiation, which was 19.7% greater than using the same photo-catalyst under strict UV light irradiation. Photo-catalysis using these nanoparticles was observed to be very effective. The prepared novel visible light active nanocomposite has great potential for incorporation into water treatment systems because it exhibits good stability and magnetism, as well as high photocatalytic efficiency.
Nano-biofilm Arrays as a Novel Universal Platform for Microscale Microbial Culture and High-Throughput Downstream Applications
Authors: Srinivasan Anand , Ramasubramanian Anand K. , Lopez-Ribot José L.
Published: January 2019

Biofilms are the predominant mode of microbial growth and it is now fully accepted that a
majority of infections in humans are associated with a biofilm etiology. Biofilms are defined as attached
and structured microbial communities surrounded by a protective exopolymeric matrix. Importantly,
sessile microorganisms growing within a biofilm are highly resistant to antimicrobial agents.
Thus, there is an urgent need to develop new and improved anti-biofilm therapies. Unfortunately, most
of the current techniques for in-vitro biofilm formation are not compatible with high throughput screening
techniques that can speed up discovery of new drugs with anti-biofilm activity. To try to overcome
this major impediment, our group has developed a novel technique consisting of micro-scale culture of
microbial biofilms on a microarray platform. Using this technique, hundreds to thousands of microbial
biofilms, each with a volume of approximately 30-50 nanolitres, can be simultaneously formed on a
standard microscope slide. Despite more than three orders of magnitude of miniaturization over conventional
biofilms, these nanobiofilms display similar growth, structural and phenotypic properties,
including antibiotic drug resistance. These nanobiofilm chips are amenable to automation, drastically
reducing assay volume and costs. This technique platform allows for true high-throughput screening in
search for new anti-biofilm drugs.
Identification of Therapeutically Active Molecules against Anthrax through Structure and Ligand based Drug Design
Authors: Nandi Sisir , Saxena Mridula , Saxena Anil Kumar
Published: January 2019

Background:

People suffer from fatal diseases which are responsible for mortality. Potent
devices and medicines are being developed to fight diseases caused by the microorganism for saving the
lives of individuals. Highly pathogenic viruses and bacteria are being incorporated into biological warfare,
which has become a major threat to mankind and causes the destruction of lives in a short span of
time.

Objective:

The pathogen Bacillus anthracis, which is the causative of anthrax, is used in bioterrorism.
Efforts are therefore being made to study the progress of biodefense drug discovery research in combating
anthrax-based bioterrorism.

Methods:

This review describes the present status of the studies ontherapeutic measurement of anthrax
toxin inhibitors towards inhibition of protective antigen, lethal and edema factors using chemometric and
drug design tools to explore essential structural features for further design of active congeneric compounds.

Results:

The inhibitors estimated to show high activity through different models may be proposed for
further synthesis and testing of biological activity in terms of anthrax toxin inhibition and cytotoxicity
testing by in vitro and in vivo assays.

Conclusion:

Such an attempt is an insight of biodefense drug design against the dreadful threat to the
nation due to anthrax-based terrorism and biological warfare.
Five Decades of Cuprizone, an Updated Model to Replicate Demyelinating Diseases
Authors: Vega-Riquer Jose M. , Mendez-Victoriano Gerardo , Morales-Luckie Raul A. , Gonzalez-Perez Oscar
Published: January 2019

Introduction:

Demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) comprise a group of neurological disorders characterized by progressive (and eventually irreversible) loss of oligodendrocytes and myelin sheaths in the white matter tracts. Some of myelin disorders include: Multiple sclerosis, Guillain-Barré syndrome, peripheral nerve polyneuropathy and others. To date, the etiology of these disorders is not well known and no effective treatments are currently available against them. Therefore, further research is needed to gain a better understand and treat these patients. To accomplish this goal, it is necessary to have appropriate animal models that closely resemble the pathophysiology and clinical signs of these diseases. Herein, we describe the model of toxic demyelination induced by cuprizone (CPZ), a copper chelator that reduces the cytochrome and monoamine oxidase activity into the brain, produces mitochondrial stress and triggers the local immune response. These biochemical and cellular responses ultimately result in selective loss of oligodendrocytes and microglia accumulation, which conveys to extensive areas of demyelination and gliosis in corpus callosum, superior cerebellar peduncles and cerebral cortex. Remarkably, some aspects of the histological pattern induced by CPZ are similar to those found in multiple sclerosis. CPZ exposure provokes behavioral changes, impairs motor skills and affects mood as that observed in several demyelinating diseases. Upon CPZ removal, the pathological and histological changes gradually revert. Therefore, some authors have postulated that the CPZ model allows to partially mimic the disease relapses observed in some demyelinating diseases.

Conclusion:

for five decades, the model of CPZ-induced demyelination is a good experimental approach to study demyelinating diseases that has maintained its validity, and is a suitable pharmacological model for reproducing some key features of demyelinating diseases, including multiple sclerosis.
Design, Synthesis and Antiproliferative Evaluation of Novel 1,2,4-Triazole/Schiff Base Hybrids with EGFR and B-RAF Inhibitory Activities
Authors: El-Sherief Hany A.M. , Youssif Bahaa G.M. , Abdelazeem Ahmed H. , Abdel-Aziz Mohamed , Abdel-Rahman Hamdy M.
Published: January 2019

Background:

1,2,4-triazoles possess a broad spectrum of biological activities such as analgesic,
antimicrobial, antitubercular, anti-inflammatory and antineoplastic activities. This heterocycle and their derivatives
were included into a wide variety of therapeutically interesting drugs. Hence, it is of great interest to explore
new 1,2,4-triazoles as cytotoxic agents targeting EGFR, B-Raf kinases.

Methods:

The final compounds 9a-b, 10a-b, 11a-b, 12a-b, 13a-b and 14a-f were prepared by refluxing a mixture
of triazole 3a-b and 7a-d with the corresponding benzaldehyde derivatives 8a-d in absolute ethanol to afford
the target final compounds in good yields. The newly synthesized triazole-containing compounds were
assessed according to standard protocols for their in vitro antiproliferative activity against four human cancer
cell lines including human pancreas cancer cell line (Panc-1), pancreatic carcinoma cells (PaCa-2), colon cancer
cells (HT-29) and lung cancer cells (H-460) using the propidium iodide (PI) fluorescence assay. Compounds 9a
and 13a were evaluated against EGFR, B-Raf and Tubulin anticancer targets.

Results:

Compounds 9a, 9b, 10a, 11a, 12a, 13a and 13b showed remarkable antiproliferative activity against
the tested cell lines with IC50 range of 1.3-5.9µM. Compounds 9a and 13a with the least IC50 values in the anticancer
screening assay were tested against three known anticancer targets including EGFR, B-Raf kinase and
Tubulin. The results revealed that compound 13a showed the highest potency against B-Raf and EGFR kinases
with IC50 = 0.7 and 1.9 µM, respectively.

Conclusion:

1,2,4-triazoles reported herein are potent EGFR, B-Raf inhibitors. These lead compounds will be
subjected to more detailed mechanistic studies.
B Lymphocytes Are Predictors of Insulin Resistance in Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Zhuang Yan , Zhang Jin , Li Yiwei , Gu Hongqin , Zhao Jinyan , Sun Ya , Wang Rencheng , Zhang Chunyan , Chen Wen , Weng Jianrong , Qi Lan , Lu Huifang , Zhang Jiarong , Liu Qin , He Yinyan , Xu Xianming
Published: January 2019

Backgroud:

The present study aimed to investigate the association between immune cells
and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and identify a reasonable predictor of insulin resistance in
women with GDM.

Objective:

The clinical and biochemical characteristics of 124 women with GDM and 168 healthy
pregnant women were compared.

Methods:

The percentage of immune cells in the blood of the subjects was analyzed by flow cytometry.
Pearson’s correlation analysis revealed the correlation between the percentage of B lymphocytes
and insulin resistance. A cutoff point was determined for the percentage of B lymphocytes, based on
insulin resistance, using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.

Results:

Compared to the healthy pregnant women, the percentages of B lymphocytes and IgA produced
by B-cells were significantly different in women with GDM. The percentage of B lymphocytes
was positively related to insulin resistance.The number of 14.05% of B lymphocytes was an optimal
cutoff point that predicted the insulin resistance in women with GDM.

Conclusion:

The percentage of B lymphocytes was positively associated with insulin resistance, and
hence, might serve as an appropriate predictor of insulin resistance in women with GDM.
The Effect Of Topical Antihistamines Used Single Dose Daily in Allergic Conjunctivitis
Authors: Erdogan Hakika , Cam Ozlem
Published: January 2019

Background and Objective:

To evaluate the efficacy of 0.2% olopatadine and to compare olopatadine 0.1%, ketotifen 0.025% and emadastine 0.05% in the treatment of allergic conjunctivitis.

Methods:

In this retrospectively designed study, we investigated the files of patients who had been diagnosed with perineal or seasonal allergic conjunctivitis in the teaching hospital of Maltepe University between April 2017 and July 2017. We divided the patients into four groups. The patients in each group had similar symptoms and scores before medication. The first, second, third and fourth groups were prescribed olapatadine 0.1%, olopatadine 0.2%, ketotifen 0.025% and emedastine 0.05%, respectively. We evaluated the symptoms and signs of the patients on the 15th day after treatment, and compared the results between the groups.

Results:

We investigated the files of 80 patients. There were 20 patients in each group. We evaluated the symptoms and finding scores after treatment. The symptoms and findings of allergic conjunctivitis had improved in all the four groups. There was no difference in the treatment responses between the four groups.

Conclusion:

Olopatadine 0.2%, olopatadine 0.1%, ketotifen 0.025% and emedastine 0.05% were all equally effective in improving the signs and symptoms of allergic conjunctivitis.
Karakteristik Fenotip Kerbau Rawa (B. bubalis carabenesis) di Wilayah Sentra Pengembangan Kerbau Desa Guosobokerto Kecamatan Welahan Kabupaten Jepara
Authors: Nur Erlangga Arfiyan , Nugroho Hary , Kuswati Kuswati
Published: January 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik fenotip kerbau rawa (B. bubalis carabenesis). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Desa Guosobokerto Kecamatan Welahan Kabupaten Jepara. 211 kerbau lokal, terdiri dari 117 kerbau betina dan 91 kerbau jantan yang dikelompokkan berdasarkan jumlah pergantian gigi seri permanen yaitu PI0, P12, P14, P16dan P18. Data dianalisa dengan menggunakan annova way classification test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 3,79% bentuk tanduk melingkar kebawah yang tidak sesuai dengan SNI 7706.1.2011. Umur memberikan pengaruh yang sangat nyata (P<0.01) terhadap ukuran statistik vital kerbau rawa (lingkar dada, tinggi badan, tinggi pinggul, panjang badan dan berat badan). Pertumbuhan tertinggi berdasarkan ukuran tubuh kerbau rawa betina standar adalah ligkar dada P18 178,3 cm, tinggi badan P16 121,54 cm, tinggi pinggul P16 119,54 cm, panjang badan P18 129,39 cm dan berat badan P18 343,81 kg. Sedangkan pertumbuhan tertinggi berdasarkan pada tubuh kerbau rawa standar untuk jantan adalah pada lingkar dadaÂ  P14 194,38 cm, tinggi badan pada P16 123,8 cm, tinggi pinggul pada P16 122,8 cm, panjang badan pada P14 125,75 cm dan berat badan pada P14 410,88 kg. Terdapat 30,77% kerbau rawa betina dan 65,96% jantan yang tidak sesuai dengan SNI 7706.1.2011. Kerbau rawa di wilayah Desa Guosobokerto dapat dikatakan tidak memenuhi persyaratan. Oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan seleksi dan peningkatan kualitas genetik dengan mengawinkan calon kerbau rawa unggul untuk mempertahankan potensi karena Desa Guosobokerto merupakan asal daerah kerbau rawa.Â
The First-Stage Treatment Аlgorithm for Deep Infected Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Murylev V. Yu. , Kukovenko G. A. , Elizarov P. M. , Ivanenko L. R. , Sorokina G. L. , Rukin Ya. A. , Alekseev S. S. , Germanov V. G.
Published: January 2019

Background. Periprosthetic infection after total hip arthroplasty is a relatively common and severe complication. A two-stage revision with the temporary use of a spacer is the gold standard treatment for the deep infected total hip arthroplasty. Some authors report mechanical complications associated with spacers, which can lead to a poor functional outcome. Therefore, the aim of the study was to analyze the effectiveness of the first-stage of treatment of hip PJI with a two-stage method and to develop an spacer application algorithm in order to achieve the optimal functional result.Material and Methods. Between 2015 and 2017, 38 patients with deep periprosthetic infection received an articulation spacer as part of a two-stage protocol in Botkin Moscow City Hospital. The mean age was 60.5 (interquartile range from 5 2 to 69) years. Five different types of spacers were us ed in the study, selected individually according to theW. Paprosky acetabular defects classification. The overall frequency of complications was evaluated.Results. The overall periprosthetic infection treatment effectiveness was 92.1%. There was the recurrent infection in 3 patients (7.9%), in 2 (5.26%) cases microbial associations were founded. Mechanical complications occurred in 8 (21%) patients. Spacer dislocation occurred in 4 (10.4%) cases, spacer fracture in another 2 (5.2%). There were also 2 cases of protrusion into the pelvis (5.2%).Conclusions. The first stage a two-stage revision hip arthroplasty should be carefully plarmed. To choose the appropriate spacer we proposed an algorithm based on our data to achieve a better functional result.
Non-contact monitoring of agitation and use of a sheltering device in patients with dementia in emergency departments: a feasibility study (Preprint)
Authors: Kroll Lisa , Böhning Nikolaus , Müßigbrodt Heidi , Stahl Maria , Halkin Pavel , Liehr Birgit , Grunow Christine , Kujumdshieva-Böhning Borjana , Freise Christian , Hopfenmüller Werner , Friesdorf Wolfgang , Jockers-Scherübl Maria , Somasundaram Rajan
Published: January 2019

BACKGROUND

Agitation is common in geriatric patients with dementia (PWD) admitted to an emergency department (ED) and is associated with a higher risk of an unfavourable clinical course. Hence, monitoring of vital signs and enhanced movement is essential in these patients during their stay in the ED. Since PWD rarely tolerate fixed monitoring devices, non-contact monitoring systems might represent appropriate alternatives.

OBJECTIVE

To study the reliability of a non-contact monitoring system (NCMSys) and of a tent-like device (“Charité Dome”, ChD), aimed to shelter PWD from the busy ED-environment. Further, effects of the ChD on wellbeing and agitation of PWD will be measured.

METHODS

Both devices were attached to patient’s bed. Tests on technical reliability and other safety issues of the NCMSys and the ChD were performed at the iDoc-institute. A feasibility study evaluating the reliability of the NCMSys with and without the ChD was performed in the real-life setting of an ED and on a geriatric-gerontopsychiatric ward. Technical reliability and other safety issues were tested with six healthy volunteers. For the feasibility study 19 patients were included (ten males and nine females; mean age: 77.4 (55-93) years of which 14 were PWD. PWD inclusion criteria were age ≥55 years, a dementia diagnosis as well as a written consent (by patients themselves or by a custodian). Exclusion criteria were acute life-threatening situations and a missing consent.

RESULTS

Heart rate, changes in movement and sound emissions were measured reliably by the NCMSys, whereas patient movements affected respiratory rate measurements. The ChD did not impact patients’ vital signs or movements in our study setting. However, 53% of the PWD (7/13) and most of the patients without dementia (4/5) benefited from its use regarding their agitation and overall wellbeing.

CONCLUSIONS

NCMSys and ChD work reliably in the clinical setting and have positive effects on agitation and wellbeing. The results of this feasibility study encourages prospective studies with longer durations to further evaluate this concept for monitoring and prevention of agitation in PWD in the ED.

CLINICALTRIAL

ICTRP: “Charité-Dome-Study - DRKS00014737”
Text Mining of United States Obesity-Related Public Policies: Systematic Document Search (Preprint)
Authors: Spanhol-Finocchio Caroline , de Freitas Dewes Mariana , de Vargas Mores Giana , Dewes Homero
Published: January 2019

BACKGROUND

Obesity has become a worldwide health problem, caused by multiple and complex factors. To face this challenge, governments have played a central role in combating its rise. Considering this, public policies are introduced or enacted for the benefit of whole populations, taking into account the perspective of multiverse social stakeholders based on solid scientific fundamentals.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to examine obesity-related public policies in the United States and the District of Columbia, in order to understand their scientific basis.

METHODS

We analyzed the public policies implemented in the United States from 2003 to 2013, during which time the largest number of obesity-related public policies were introduced, using text mining.

RESULTS

In total, 1592 obesity-related public policies were retrieved from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Multidisciplinary policies were predominant in the documents analyzed (533/1592, 33.5%), followed by health sciences (454/1592, 28.5%), social sciences (330/1592, 20.7%), life sciences (240/1592, 15.1%), and physical sciences (35/1592, 2.2%). Throughout the country, most policies were community oriented (1082/1865, 58.0%) and many of them were related to school and family environments (447/1865, 24.0%), early care and education (75/1865, 4.0%), hospitals (63/1865, 3.4%), and workplaces (47/1865, 2.5%).

CONCLUSIONS

The contents of obesity-related public policies were generally uniformly framed across the United States. They were generally based on scientific references, in which there was a predominance of multidisciplinary research. These findings are consistent with what is known about the multiple factors causing obesity and about the methods being developed to control the epidemic.
DiabetesSistersVoices: Virtual Patient Community to Identify Research Priorities for Women Living With Diabetes (Preprint)
Authors: Han Peijin , Nicholson Wanda , Norton Anna , Graffeo Karen , Singerman Richard , King Steven , Sundaresan Aditi , Bennett Wendy
Published: January 2019

BACKGROUND

Women with or at high risk of diabetes have unique health concerns across their life course. Effective methods are needed to engage women living with diabetes to develop and carry out a patient-centered research agenda.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to (1) describe the creation of DiabetesSistersVoices, a virtual patient community for women living with and at risk for diabetes and (2) assess the feasibility and acceptability of DiabetesSistersVoices for engaging women in talking about their experiences, health care, and research priorities.

METHODS

We partnered with a national advocacy organization to create DiabetesSistersVoices and to develop recruitment strategies, which included use of social media, Web-based newsletters, and weblinks through partnering organizations. Study inclusion criteria were as follows: Being a woman aged ≥18 years, residing in the United States, and self-reporting a diagnosis of diabetes or risk of diabetes. Eligible participants were given access to DiabetesSistersVoices and completed online surveys at enrollment and 6 months. We assessed trends in participants’ activities, including posting questions, sharing experiences about living with diabetes, and searching for posted resources.

RESULTS

We enrolled 332 women (white: 86.5%; type 1 diabetes: 76.2%; median age: 51 years [interquartile range: 31 to 59 years]) over 8 months. Most (41.6%, 138/332) were classified as being active users (ie, posting) of the virtual community, 36.1% (120/332) as observers (ie, logged in but no posts), and 22.3% (74/332) as never users (ie, completed baseline surveys but then never logged in). Online activities were constant during the study, although participants had the highest website usage during the first 10 weeks after their enrollment.

CONCLUSIONS

We demonstrated the feasibility and acceptability of an online patient community for women living with diabetes by showing durability of recruitment and online usage over 6 months of testing. Next steps are to address barriers to joining a virtual patient community for women of color and women with type 2 diabetes to enhance inclusiveness and gain diverse perspectives to inform diabetes research.
FORMULATION AND IN VITRO EVALUATION OF ORAL DISINTEGRATING TABLETS OF AMLODIPINE BESYLATE
Authors: Jaya S. , Amala V.
Published: January 2019

Objective: The present investigation was undertaken with an objective of formulating oral disintegrating tablets of amlodipine besylate to enhance convenience and compliance of the elderly and pediatric patients for better therapeutic efficacy.Methods: The tablets were prepared by using direct compression method and evaluated for weight variation, hardness, friability, wetting time, disintegration time and in vitro drug release study. Prepared tablets were evaluated for compatibility by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.Results: Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy studies revealed that there was no physicochemical interaction between amlodipine besylate and other excipients. All the tablets hardness was found to be around 3.5 kg/cm2 and friability of all the formulations was less than 1%, Drug content in all the formulations was found in the range of 97.05% to 99.13%.Conclusion: The study clearly indicated that the type and concentration of superdisintegrants plays an important role in disintegration and dissolution of drug from oral disintegrating tablets. Among all the formulations, the maximum percentage of drug release and less disintegration time was found in F9 formulation containing 4% of crospovidone.
FORMULATION OF LOTION FROM BLACK TEA EXTRACT (CAMELLIA SINENSIS LINNAEUS) AS SUNSCREEN
Authors: Sopyan Iyan , Permata Riestya Dwi , Gozali Dolih , Syah Insan Sunan Kurniawan
Published: January 2019

Objective: The goal of the project was to explore extracts from black tea leaves (Camellia sinensis Linnaeus) to prove it can give protection against ultraviolet rays (UV) in lotion preparation.Methods: Black tea extract was made in sunscreen lotion in oil in water (O/W) type emulsion using a combination of PEG-8 and beeswax as emulsifying agent 1, and combination of cetyl alcohol, ceteth-20, and steareth-20 as emulsifying agent 2. Evaluation of lotion including phytochemical screening of black tea leaf extract, measurement of sun protecting factor (SPF) value of extract black tea leaves, measurement of SPF preparation lotion sunscreen extract black tea leaves, physical observation of preparation, qualitative preparation evaluation using thin layer chromatography (TLC) and lotion security testing have been done to ensure the quality of lotions.Results: The result exhibited the effective SPF that was different to the sunscreen lotion F1, which contained 0.03% w/v and F2 which contain of 0.04% w/v black tea leaves extract with the point of SPF is 20.31 and 24.71 respectively. Both formulas fulfilled the requirements as lotion preparations and did not irritate the skin based on an irritation test on 20 volunteers.Conclusion: Formulas F1 and F2 can be applied as a sunscreen with good physical quality and is safe for topical use in lotion preparation.
EXPLORING PROPERTIES OF SWEET BASIL SEED MUCILAGE IN DEVELOPMENT OF PHARMACEUTICAL SUSPENSIONS AND SURFACTANT-FREE STABLE EMULSIONS
Authors: Avlani Dhruti , Agarwal Vaibhav , Khattry Vansh , Biswas Gopa Roy , Majee Sutapa Biswas
Published: January 2019

Objective: The objective of the investigation was to isolate mucilage from sweet basil seeds and explore its physicochemical properties for the development of pharmaceutical suspensions and surfactant-free stable emulsions.Methods: Possible applications of sweet basil seed mucilage in the pharmaceutical field for dosage form development are being explored. The physicochemical and functional properties of the mucilage from the seeds of the Ocimum basilicum L. (Sweet basil) have been investigated for stabilization of suspensions and emulsions. The following analyses were performed: FTIR spectroscopy, phytochemical tests, XRD, swelling and rheological studies.Results: The analyses showed that the mucilage is rich in glucose, mannose, and xylose. High swelling index values varying from 100±10 to 200±13%, high water-holding capacity of 97.5±2.4 g/g mucilage and reasonable oil holding capacity of the mucilage (13.2±1.3 g/g mucilage) makes it an ideal candidate for utilization as viscosifier and stabilizer of suspensions and surfactant-free emulsions. Adult and paediatric paracetamol suspension formulations with 1%w/v mucilage have exhibited flocculated nature and good stability owing to its high sedimentation volume(F= 0.85-0.98) and good redispersibility. Sunflower oil emulsions prepared with 0.25%w/v mucilage demonstrated emulsion stability index of 105.714 on 5th day and extremely low creaming rate of 0.0004 cm/h thus confirming maximum stability compared to emulsions developed with 0.3-0.5% w/v mucilage.Conclusion: The mucilage isolated from Ocimum basilicum L. seeds may be regarded as a functional biomaterial for pharmaceutical use to ensure quality and stability of liquid dosage forms.
PREPARATION OF HIGH PERFORMANCE ACTIVATED CHARCOAL FROM RICE STRAW FOR COSMETIC AND PHARMACEUTICAL APPLICATIONS
Authors: Pattananandecha Thanawat , Ramangkoon Sumontha , Sirithunyalug Busaban , Tinoi Jidapa , Saenjum Chalermpong
Published: January 2019

Objective: Rice straw is an agricultural waste material which has a negative impact on the environmental. This study’s aim was to prepare high-performance rice straw activated charcoal (RSAC) for cosmetic and pharmaceutical applications using chemical activation technique.Methods: Three cultivars of rice straw namely Dok Mali 105 (DM105), RD6 and Niaw San-Pah-Tawng were selected to determine the lignin content. The rice straw with the highest lignin content was selected to produce rice straw activated charcoal. The particle of size 20, 40 and 60 mesh was carbonized at 200, 300, 400, 500 and 600 °C for 1, 2, and 3 h. The obtained charcoal with the highest iodine number was then refluxed using potassium hydroxide and phosphoric acid as an activating agent in the ratios of 1:10 w/v at 70, 80, 90, and 100 °C for 2 (KOH) and 3 (H3PO4) h. The adsorption ability on iodine, methylene blue, acetaminophen, and aflatoxin B1 was investigated. Additionally, pore structure, pore size, and surface area were also determined relative to medical-grade activated charcoal.Results: DM105 rice straw contains the highest amount of lignin with 24.3 %w/w, followed by RD6 and Niaw San-Pah-Tawng, respectively. DM105 rice straw with particle size 60 mesh carbonized at 400 °C for 2 h (DM60T400H2) demonstrated the highest iodine number. The activation step of DM60T400H2 using 1:10 w/v potassium hydroxide at 70 and 80 °C for 2 h exhibited the highest iodine, methylene blue, acetaminophen, and aflatoxin B1 adsorption capacity. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) image and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) showed the microporous structure of obtained RSAC.Conclusion: RSAC prepared from rice straw of DM105 has potential in cosmetic or pharmaceutical applications.
DESCONFORTOS VIVENCIADOS POR FAMILIARES ACOMPANHANTES DE PESSOAS HOSPITALIZADAS EM CONDIÇÃO CRÔNICA PROGRESSIVA
Authors: De Jesus Bezerra Jaqueliny , Guedes Fontoura Elaine , Alves Barbosa Eude , Sena Muniz Jaqueline , Santana Freitas Katia , Alves Nunes Oliveira Marluce
Published: January 2019

Este artigo tem como objetivo conhecer a experiência de desconfortos vivenciados por familiares acompanhantes de pessoas hospitalizadas em condição crônica progressiva. Estudo exploratório e descritivo, de caráter qualitativo, realizado entre abril e maio de 2014, com 17 familiares acompanhantes de uma unidade de clínica médica e neurológica de um hospital do interior da Bahia. Os dados foram obtidos por meio de entrevista semiestruturada e analisados pela técnica de análise de conteúdo temática de Bardin. Os resultados evidenciaram duas categorias: situações de desconforto e os sentimentos vivenciados por familiares acompanhantes durante a hospitalização. Concluiu-se que a internação modifica a rotina e a estrutura familiar, fazendo-se necessário que a instituição invista no acolhimento dos familiares acompanhantes para minimizar as situações de desconforto vivenciadas durante a hospitalização da pessoa internada em condição crônica.

Palavras-chave: Hospitalização. Família. Desconforto. Cuidados de enfermagem. Enfermagem familiar.
Composición botánica y valor nutritivo de la dieta consumida por bovinos en un área invadida por pasto rosado [Melinis repens (willd.) Zizka]
Authors: Gutiérrez Gutiérreza Obed Gabriel , Morales Nieto Carlos Raúl , Villalobos González José Carlos , Ruíz Barrera Oscar , Ortega Gutiérrez Juan Ángel , Palacio Nuñez Jorge
Published: January 2019

Se evaluó la composición botánica y el valor nutricional de la dieta de ganado bovino en áreas invadidas por pasto rosado [Melinis repens (Willd.) Zizka]. La investigación se realizó en el Rancho Salinas, municipio de Satevó, Chihuahua, en un pastizal amacollado arbosufrutescente. La composición botánica del área se determinó por el método de línea de puntos. Los muestreos se realizaron de agosto de 2013 a febrero de 2014 y se utilizaron dos vaquillas fistuladas del esófago de la cruza Hereford-Angus de 350 ± 5 kg. La composición botánica de la dieta se obtuvo mediante la técnica microhistológica y su valor nutricional por análisis bromatológico. Los datos se sometieron a un análisis de varianza; los datos de calidad de la dieta se ajustaron a un modelo mixto mediante el procedimiento PROC MIXED del SAS. El promedio de forraje disponible durante las cuatro etapas fenológicas fue de 1,279 kg MS ha-1, con presencia del pasto rosado del 87.5 % (1,119.13 kg MS ha-1). La dieta seleccionada por el ganado bovino estuvo compuesta por 74 % de gramíneas, 19 % de arbustivas y 7 % de herbáceas. Las especies preferidas fueron Aristida divaricata (8.43) y Croton pottsii (12.95) durante la etapa de crecimiento; el menor índice de preferencia fue para Melinis repens (0.33 a 0.41). El mayor contenido de proteína cruda se obtuvo durante las etapas de crecimiento (13.23 %) y floración (10.71 %). La mejor calidad de la dieta se presentó durante las etapas de crecimiento y floración, y estuvo compuesta principalmente por Melinis repens en las cuatro etapas.
Helminthiasis control in calves raised in a hot Semi-arid area
Authors: Leal Pereira Ludmilla de Fátima , Robson Duarte Eduardo , Almeida Bastos Gabriela , De Oliveira Vasconcelos Viviane , Leite Costa Evely Giovanna , Mendes Laydiane de Jesus , Góes Lopes Idael Matheus , Franca Reis Iara Maria
Published: January 2019

This study aimed to characterize the helminthiasis and anthelminthic effectiveness in calf herds raised in a hot semi-arid area. Sixty (60) cattle farms from the northern area of Minas Gerais, Brazilian sertão, were categorized by semi-structured questionnaires. It was also performed the fecal egg counts (FEC) reduction test to analyze the profile of anthelminthic resistance in eight herds. The study selected groups of at least 10 homogeneous calves with FEC ≥ 150 per treatment. After 12 h of fast, calf groups were treated with albendazole, levamisole, ivermectin, doramectin or abamectin, except the control groups (untreated). It was collected feces before treatments and 14 d later larvae genera of nematodes were identified after coproculture. Extensive grazing was the predominant creation system for beef calves, worming was employed every 6 mo in 64 % of the farms and macrocyclic lactones was the most frequently used anthelminthic group. The anthelminthic efficacy varied from 62 to 98.9 %. The resistance profile to ivermectin, levaminosole, albendazole and (or) doramectin verified in this research is alarming as the genus Haemonchus was the most frequent one before and after the treatments. It was detected variations in the creation systems, in control practices and in anthelminthic susceptibility profiles between herds. Therefore, this work emphasize the importance of using strategic control with FEC reduction test for choice of anthelminthic and the encouragement of practices of alternative control.