bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EEG Characters Research to Different Personality People
Authors: Peng Jun Qiang , Wu Ping Dong
Published: November 2011

Purpose: To find the relationships between different personality people and their EEG. Method and Procedures: Using the psychology test method of Uchida-Kraepelin psycho-diagnostic test (UK Test) to sort the experimenters into different groups according to three aspects: startup capacity, excitement capacity and changeable capacity. At the same time, the experimenters’ EEG was measured. By analyzing the frequency and energy of EEG, the EEG characters of different personality people were found. Results and Conclusions: (1) EEG character of startup capacity is the amount of β-wave energy in the first several minutes of the experiment. (2) EEG character of excitement capacity is the amount and developing trend of α-wave energy in the experiment. (3) EEG character of changeable capacity is the fluctuation of β-wave energy. The results of the research can be used to increase the precision and adaptability of the BCI system.
In Vitro Isolation of Intestinal Side Population Cells from Newborn Mice
Authors: Zhang Yong Feng , Yang Jin , Tan Yong Gang , Li Ying Hong , Yang Min
Published: November 2011

To isolate side population cells from newborn mice small intestinal mucosa, and to investigate the feasibility of constructing the murine intestinal stem cell population by fluorescence activated cell sorting. Small intestine mucosa organoids of mice were isolated and dissociated into single cells. The side population cells were stained with Hoechst 33342 and propidium iodide, then sorted using fluorescence activated cell sorting. Total RNA and protein were purified from sorted fractions to detect Musashi-1 expressions by RT-PCR and Western-blotting. Single cell suspension from mouse small intestine mucosa contained a viable population of cells, which showed the side population phenotype and were sensitive to verapamil. These cells were enriched for Musashi-1 mRNA and MSI-1 protein expression. Results demonstrated that the side population fraction separated from mice intestinal mucosa is enriched for intestinal stem cells, the murine intestinal stem cell population can be successfully constructed with fluorescence activated cell sorting.
An Experimental Research of Repairing Osteochondral Defect in a Rabbit Model with Tissue-Engineered Nanohydroxyapatite/Chitosan Graft
Authors: Li Jie Ruo , Zha Zhen Gang , Liu Ning , Wu Hao , Lin Hong Sheng , Tu Mei , Yao Ping , Zhang Jia Qing , Tam Man Seng , Cheang Lek Hang , Zhang Guo Wei
Published: November 2011

We repaired osteochondral defect of rabbits with tissue-engineered osteochondral graft composited by chondrocyte and nanohydroxyapatite/chitosan (nanoHA/CS) scaffold. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were cultivated with chondrogenic differentiation medium and induced to chondrocyte. Seed the chondrocyte into the bottom of the nanoHA/CS scaffold with a boot-shaped structure and cultivated the composite in the chondrogenic differentiation medium for 2 weeks. Osteochondral defect of 4mm in diameter and 8mm in depth were created in the epicondyle of femur. The composite graft were grafted into the defects while the composite graft induced without boot-shaped structure as the matched group. Specimens were harvested at 4th and 12th week post operation respectively, general and histological examination was performed and graded. We found BMSCs were induced to chondrocyte after cultivated with chondrogenic differentiation medium. The interstice ratio and diameter of nanoHA/CS scaffold is 90% and 150μm. The scaffold has good adhesion with chondrocyte. The coupling between the bone and the cartilage in the experimental group is superior to the matched group obviously. This results indicate that tissue-engineered osteochondral graft composited by boot-shaped structure can be a new approach to attempt to overcome the technical surgical difficulties identified in this study.
Determination of Mimosine and 2,3-Dihydroxypyridine in Leucaena leucocephala by Reversed Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography
Authors: Wu Cai Mei , Yuan Hong Min , Jia Gang , Wang Zhi Sheng , Wu Xiu Qun
Published: November 2011

A reversed high performance liquid chromatography method was developed for the quantitative determination of mimosine and 2,3-DHP in leaves ofLeucaena Leucocephala. Mimosine and 2,3DHP were extracted using 0.1N HCl.The chromatograph conditions were investigated and optimized. The optimal HPLC conditions as follows: Agilent HC-C18 column （4.6×150mm,5μm） was used at 30°C. The method used a variable wavelength UV detector at 280nm, the mobile phase consisted of 0.2 % (w/v) orthophosphoric acid and methanol, the gradient elution was adopted. The injection volume was 10μL. The linearity is favorable in the range of 1.0 to 50μg mL-1with a correlation coefficient of 0.99998 for mimosine and 0.99902 for 2,3DHP. Under the optimal conditions, the method limit of detection (LOD) of mimosine and 2,3DHP were 0.40mg/kg and 0.55mg/kg respectively. The recovery of mimosine was 87.00-94.70% with the RSD (n=5) of 2.75-3.81% in the spiked levels 0,1, 5, 20mg/g. At the same time, the recovery of 2,3DHP was 88-95.4% with the RSD (n=5) of 2.24-4.90%. The method was found to be simple, sensitive, fast and accurate, and has been applied successfully for the quantitative detection of mimosine and 2,3-DHP in leaves ofLeucaena Leucocephala, plasma and excretion of ruminant.
Determination of Nine Food Additives in Condiment by High Performance Liquid Chromatography
Authors: Wu Zhong Ling , He Zhong Qiang , Guo Mao Zhang
Published: November 2011

The HPLC method has been developed for the determination of nine food additives (acesulfame-potassium, benzoic acid, sodium saccharin, sorbic acid, dehydroacetic acid, aspartame, methylparaben, ethylparaben, propylparaben) in condiments. Samples were precipitated , tested by the reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography instrument with photodiode array detector . All the compounds exhibited good linear relationship with the correlation coefficient from 0.9991 to 0.9998. The recoveries were range from 87.1% to 108.5 % with the RSD values from 1.61 % to 5.13 % at the spiked levels from 5 mg/kg to 250 mg/kg. The detection limits of the method were from 0.3 mg/kg to 2.0 mg/kg. It is a convenient, accurate and effective method to determine these additives in condiment.
Studies on Antimicrobial Activity of Aqueous Extract of Maize Silk
Authors: Feng Xing , Wang Lei , Tao Mei Ling , Zhou Qing
Published: November 2011

Objective: To study antimicrobial activity of aqueous extract of maize silk. Methods: Choose Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus coli and Candida albicans as detected germs. Using methods of agar plated diffusions and tube continuous dilution to detect antimicrobial activity and minimum inhibitory concentration of aqueous extract of maize silk. Results:(1) Aqueous extract of maize silk has antimicrobial activity against bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis, and the diameter of bacteriostatic circle is 17 and 28 millimeter; Candida albicans is also inhibited by aqueous extract and its diameter of bacteriostatic circle is 24 millimeter.(2)The antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis is 500mg/ml and 62.5mg/ml.The minimum inhibitory concentration to Candida albicans is 125mg/ml.(3) aqueous extract of maize silk has no antimicrobial activity on Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus coli. Conclusion: Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and Candida albicans can be inhibited by aqueous extract of maize silk.
Acute Kidney Injury in Children Undergoing Correction of Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Jiao Yu Qing , Zhou Geng Xu , Huang Jian Ping , Hong Xiao Yang , Yang Xue Yong , Feng Zhi Chun
Published: November 2011

Objective To assess risk factors of acute kidney injury in congenital cardiac disease following cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass in children. Methods A 50% postoperative creatinine increase was regarded as the criterion of acute kidney injury. 124 children aged 3 years or little undergoing cardiac surgery were divided into three groups: (1) negative AKI (-); (2) AKI (+) with an increase in postoperative creatinine from 150% to 200%; and (3) AKI (++) with an increase in postoperative creatinine by more than 200%. Demographics, and preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative variables were evaluated for associations with AKI using univariate and multiple logistic regression analysis. Results Several variables, including mortality, preoperative albumin and creatinine levels, cardiopulmonary bypass duration, and postoperative creatinine levels, were significant differences among the three groups (P < 0.05). Multiple regression analysis demonstrated that three risk factors, age (OR, 0.962; 95% CI, 0.925 to 1.000; P = 0.046), intraoperative red blood cell transfusion (OR, 1.003; 95% CI, 1.001 to 1.005; P = 0.030), and cardiopulmonary bypass duration (OR, 1.024; 95% CI, 1.016 to 1.032; P = 0.000) were independently associated with AKI after cardiac surgery. Conclusions This study showed that younger age, incremental intraoperative red blood cell transfusion, and prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass duration were independently associated with acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery. The type of congenital cardiac disease should be included in the analysis of acute kidney injury.
A Euclidean Distance Optimization Model of Manufacturing Task Parameters for Collaborative Manufacturing Chain of Virtual Enterprises
Authors: Cheng Fang Qi
Published: November 2011

To construct an effective collaborative manufacturing alliance of enterprises under network environment, the conception of collaborative manufacturing chain is presented. Through analyzing the formal description of the manufacturing tasks parameters and the optimization construction process of collaborative manufacturing chain, the optimization model based on the distance of the manufacturing task parameters is founded. Based on the adaptive genetic algorithm, the experiment calculation is conducted with the manufacturing process of a metal product enterprise. The calculation analysis indicates that it is better than the TOPSIS approach in extending the effective search interval. The results show that it is feasible to optimize the collaborative manufacturing chain from the manufacturing task parameters.
Aeroengine Oil Fault Diagnosis Based on D-S Evidential Theory
Authors: Qu Hong Chun , Ding Xie Bin , Wang Tai Yong
Published: November 2011

Aeroengine oil contains wear debris generated by friction. Based on the Dempster-Shafer evidence combination theory, aeroengine wear conditions can be effectively diagnosed. Through analysising the elements of wear debris in lubricating meduim, it can determine engines wear levels and wear parts, as references for troubleshooting. In the process of combination, an method was proposed that every element of wear quantity and wear rate were fused at first,then the integration of all elements. For Dempster-Shafer has its own limitations, two impoved methods were applied to and were compared. The results show that Dempster-Shafer evidence combination is an effective fault diagnosis method for aeroengine oil wear condition.
Influence of Vehicle Suspension System on Ride Comfort
Authors: Xia Jun Zhong , Ma Zong Po , Li Shu Min , An Xiang Bi
Published: November 2011

This paper focuses on the influence of various vehicle suspension systems on ride comfort. A vehicle model with eight degrees of freedom is introduced. With this model, various types of non-linear suspensions such as active and semi-active suspensions are investigated. From this investigation, we draw the conclusion that the active and semi-active suspensions models are beneficial for ride comfort.
Modeling and Simulation of Full-Float Tractor Cab Suspension System Based on ADAMS
Authors: He Liang , Zhu Si Hong , Zhu Hong Ling
Published: November 2011

Two kinds of full-float tractor cab suspension systems based on double crank mechanism and double rocking bar mechanism respectively for a power tractor safety cab was designed. CAD model of the tractor with cab was modeled by using Pro/E. The model was import into ADAMS, and virtual prototype of the tractor with cab suspension system was established. When stiffness and damping of tyres were set fixed, two kinds of suspension system were mounted to the cab. The vibration isolation performance of the two kinds of tractor cab suspension system was studied respectively when stiffness of cab suspension system changed from 20 N/mm to 200N/mm. Both harmonic excitation and a random road roughness excitation were applied vertically to the places where the tyres were mounted. The random road roughness excitation was simulated by using MATLAB/simulink. The simulation results showed that the comfort of the full-float tractor cab with suspension based on double rocking bar mechanism was better than the cab with suspension based on double crank bar mechanism. Therefore, the analysis results provided a basis for designing mechanism of full-float cab suspension system for power tractors.
Research of the Soft PLC Based on the Open PLC
Authors: Tang Zhi Yuan , Dong Jing Chuan , Qiao Zhi Feng , Ling Xiang Gui , Ding Yan Yu , Xun Jing Bin
Published: November 2011

Open PLC Development has a strong adaptability and flexibility. In consideration of the requirement of users of the computerized numerical control system and to drop of difference of the usage, the PLC software can be flex-designed. First, the global structure is devised. Second, intensive study of the concrete method of every module of the PLC software is implemented. Finally, an example is shown to illustrate the correctness of the system.
Research on Subdivision Interpolation for High Speed CNC Applications
Authors: Dong Jing Chuan , Liu Qing Jian , Wang Tai Yong
Published: November 2011

High speed CNC machining relies on the smooth interpolation of tool path in order to prevent impact and vibration. We present a new interpolation scheme for CNC controller based on 6-point subdivision. The subdivision interpolation improves the smoothness of the original trajectory, while maintaining the accuracy. The algorithm is simple and effective, and therefore it is suitable for real-time execution in CNC controllers. Simulation results show that the proposed method performs better than linear interpolation, since the tracking error and contour error is reduced.
Singularity Analysis of Limited-DOF Parallel Manipulator Based on Jacobian Matrixes
Authors: Li Xin You , Chen W.Y.
Published: November 2011

To analyze effects of singularity on parallel manipulator, the Jacobian matrixes were introduced as the indexes for analyzing the 3UPS/S parallel machine. The relationship between the velocity Jacobian matrix and the force-transformation matrix was established, and their equivalence was verified through the determinant and condition number’ reciprocal of the matrixes. Effects of singularity on motion accuracy, actuator forces and constrained forces were investigated within the nutation angle’range. The result showed that velocity analysis and mechanical analysis were consistent for 3UPS/S parallel machine in the aspect of singularity, and proved that the accuracy and actuator force properties were deteriorated when approach to singularity. The approach could be applied to other parallel manipulators in the research on singular problem as a reference.
Study of Camshaft Grinders Faults Prediction Based on RBF Neural Network
Authors: Dong Ting , Wang Hong Jun , Shi Lei
Published: November 2011

Maintenance schemes in manufacturing systems are devised to reset the machines functionality in an economical fashion and keep it within acceptable levels. Camshaft grinders play the important role for the camshaft production line which is the massive production type. The camshaft grinders working condition is one of the critical sections which affected the production efficiency and profit of the manufactures. Nowadays the maintenance based on condition is carried out in order to meet the requirements of the market. The Time Between Failures (TBF) could be used for arranging the maintenance schedule. The faults prediction model based on RBF neural network, adopted K-means clustering algorithm to select clustering centre of radial basis function neural network (RBFNN), is proposed for the camshaft grinders which are the key equipment of camshaft production line. The TBF of the camshaft grinders are predicted by using this model, where the distribution density is 1, with the accepted network approximation error. An industrial example is used to illustrate the application of this model. The proposed method is effective and can be used for the suggestions for the practical workshop machines maintenance.
Deployment Simulation of Mooring Buoy System
Authors: Chang Zong Yu , Wang Lei , Gao Da Xiao , Zheng Zhong Qiang
Published: November 2011

Deployment of buoy systems is one of the most important procedures for buoy system’s operation. In this paper, buoy system with surface buoy, cable segments with components, anchor and so on is modeled by applying multibody dynamics method. Then numerical method is used to solve the ordinary differential equations and dynamics simulations are achieved while anchor is casting from board. The trajectories, velocity and acceleration of different nodes in buoy system are obtained. The transient tension force of each part of cable is analyzed in the process of deployment. This work is helpful for design and deployment planning of buoy system.
Reduction Feature and Selection Principle of Chromium Ore for Stainless Steelmaking in a Smelting Reduction Converter
Authors: Liu Yan , Jiang Mao Fa , Wang De Yong
Published: November 2011

This paper starts with the mineral structure, reducing properties of chromium ore and the physical and chemical properties of chromium oxide and discusses the requirements of the chemical composition of chromite and confirms the selection principle of chromium ore and reducing agent of chromium ore smelting reduction. The chemical compositions of the available chromite request the relatively high contents of chromium and iron, the lower contents of Al2O3, MgO and P in gangue and the lower Cr/Fe ratio in keeping with the case of high chromium. Chromoium ore in South Africa is considered to be suitable for smelting stainless steel crude melts in a smelting reduction converter. From the reducing power and economy angle, carbon as a reducing agent is more suited to reducing chromium ore.
The Fracturing Behavior of Detected Rock under Blasting Loads
Authors: Wang Chao , Zhu Zhe Ming , Zheng Tao
Published: November 2011

In order to investigate the effect of defects on rock fracturing under dynamic loads, blasting experiments using PMMA specimens with pre-existing defects were conducted. The defects include holes, pores and small open joints, etc., and they are randomly distributed. In order to verify the experimental results, numerical simulation was implemented. It is shown that under blasting loads, most cracks initiate at pre-existing defect tips, and near free boundary, many cracks developed near defect tips are parallel the free boundary. The numerical results qualitatively agree with experimental results
CH3 and H2 Quantum Chemical Study of Reaction Mechanisms
Authors: Li Rui , Liu Xiang Yu
Published: November 2011

Using DFT (B3LYP) method, the 6-31G * ,6-311G ** ,6-311 + + G ** and cc-pvtz basis set level, through the CH3+ H2→ CH4+ H reaction of the reactants, transition state and product geometry optimization show that: the base group selection mode on the stationary geometry has little effect; by B3LYP/6-31G * calculated barrier 39.61kJ/mol only difference with the experimental values ​​39.41kJ/mol 0.20 kJ / mol; analysis along the IRC that the HH bond breaking and CH bond formation is a coordinated manner, and in response there is a guide on ways to respond to the vibration mode, vibration mode, the range to guide reaction is s =- 0.57 ~ 0.60 (amu) 1 / 2 • bohr.
Effect of Ammonium and Nitrate Ratios on Growth and Yield of Chinese Kale
Authors: Song Shi Wei , Liao Guo Xiu , Liu Hou Cheng , Sun Guang Wen , Chen Ri Yuan
Published: November 2011

The effect of different ammonium and nitrate ratios (NH4+-N : NO3--N = 0:100, 25:75, 50:50 and 75:25) on growth and yield of Chinese kale (Brassica alboglabra Bailey) with 3 cultivars were studied in hydroponics. The results indicated that, compared with the complete nitrate treatment, plant height, stem diameter and biomass of Chinese kale were increased in the low enhancement of ammonium (25%) in nutrient solution, while plant growth and biomass were decreased in the medium (50%) and high (75%) enhancement of ammonium. Ammonium enhancement treatments increased the root/shoot ratio of Chinese kale. Low enhancement of ammonium (25%) in nutrient solution had no significant effect on root activity of Chinese kale, while it was decreased by the medium (50%) and high (75%) enhancement of ammonium treatments. Nutrient solution with 25% ammonium enhancement maintained a high root absorption capacity and increased plant biomass, so it was appropriate to hydroponics for Chinese kale.
A Study of the Performance of Maize Starch Based Cutting Fluids in the Turning of AISI 304 Stainless Steel
Authors: Abiodun M.O. , Adetan Dare Aderibigbe , Oladejo Kolawole Adesola
Published: November 2011

This study formulated maize-starch based cutting fluids and determined the performance of the cutting fluids for use in turning AISI 304 stainless steel with P35 coated carbide tool. This was with a view to determining the effect of the maize-starch based cutting fluids on power consumption and temperature developed at the tool-workpiece interface during turning of AISI 304 stainless steel using P35 coated carbide tool. The results showed that the temperature at the cutting zone increase with increase in depth of cut while the power consumed decreased with increase in the cutting fluid flow rate. At the best machining data point, maize-starch based cutting fluid showed reduced temperatures and power consumed as compared to the conventional cutting fluids used for the study: 34oC and 0.735 W for maize starch mixed with soluble oil, 40oC and 0.733 W for maize starch mixed with coconut oil respectively. Corresponding values for straight coconut oil were 47.5oC and 0.942 W and for soluble oil mixed with water, 37.5oC and 1.729 W, respectively. It is concluded that maize-starch based cutting fluids are effective in reducing the temperature and power consumed during cylindrical turning. The results indicated that maize-starch mixed with soluble oil has remarkable potentials for use as a cutting fluid.
The Effect of Image Resolution on the Geometry and Topological Characteristics of 3-D Reconstructed Images of Reservoir Rock Samples
Authors: Otiede David , Wu Ke Jian
Published: November 2011

The effect of image resolution on the measured geometry and topological characteristics of network models extracted from 3-D micro-computer tomography images has been investigated. The study was conducted by extracting geologically realistic networks from images of two rock samples, imaged at different resolutions. The rock samples involved were a Castlegate Sandstone and a Carbonate-28 reservoir rock. Two-dimensional images of these rocks were obtained at a magnification of ×50. The carbonate sample was studied at two different resolutions of 0.133 microns and 1.33 microns, while the sandstone was studied at 5.60 microns. Three-dimensional images of these 2-D images were obtained via image reconstruction, to generate the pore architecture models (PAMs) from which networks models of the imaged rocks were extracted with the aid of Pore Analysis software Tools (PATs). The measured geometry and topology (GT) properties included Coordination Number, Pore Shape Factor, Pore Size Distribution, and Pore Connectivity. The results showed that the measured geometry-topology (GT) characteristics of a network model depend greatly on the image resolution used for the model. Depending on the micro-structure of the reservoir rock, a minimum image resolution is necessary to properly define the geometrical and topological characteristics of the given porous medium.
Growth, Structural and Mechanical Characterization and Reliability of Chemical Vapor Deposited Co and Co3O4 Thin Films as Candidate Materials for Sensing Applications
Authors: Tsikourkitoudi Vasiliki P. , Koumoulos Elias P. , Papadopoulos Nikolaos , Charitidis Costas A.
Published: November 2011

The adhesion and mechanical stability of thin film coatings on substrates is increasingly becoming a key issue in device reliability as magnetic and storage technology driven products demand smaller, thinner and more complex functional coatings. In the present study, chemical vapor deposited Co and Co3O4thin films on SiO2and Si substrates are produced, respectively. Chemical vapor deposition is the most widely used deposition technique which produces thin films well adherent to the substrate. Co and Co3O4thin films can be used in innovative applications such as magnetic sensors, data storage devices and protective layers. The produced thin films are characterized using nanoindentation technique and their nanomechanical properties (hardness and elastic modulus) are obtained. Finally, an evaluation of the reliability of each thin film (wear analysis) is performed using the hardness to elastic modulus ratio in correlation to the ratio of irreversible work to total work for a complete loading-unloading procedure.
Qualitative and Quantitative Architecture Characterisation of Porous Materials
Authors: Tsarouchas Dimitris
Published: November 2011

Amethod for extracting accuratemicrostructural information fromheterogeneousmaterialsusing micro Computed Tomography (CT) is presented. A highly porous fibrous structure is used asa case study. The proposed method includes a filtering step to increase the resolution of the gray-scaleslices, a local segmentation step to accurately separate the fibres from the background and a thinningprocedure to simplify the structure and extract quantitative statistics such as the number of fibre jointsper fibre, fibre orientation and segment length (sections between joints) distributions.
Cordless Position Sensor Based on the Magnetostrictive Delay Line Principle
Authors: Kokkinis Georgios
Published: November 2011

In this paper a cordless position sensor based on the Magnetostrictive Delay Line principle is presented. The working principle and the response of the sensor to coaxial and parallel moving magnetic field are analyzed. The output is selected to be the differential voltage of pairs of successive search coils. The measurements suggest monotonic dependence of the output of the sensor with respect to the permanent magnet’s position.
Evaluation of Wall Paint Emissivity during Infrared Thermography Temperature Measurement
Authors: Lerantzis P. I. , Kontogiannis N. V. , Tsarabaris P.T. , Theodorou N. J.
Published: November 2011

In cases that the temperature of large surfaces needs to be measured, because measuring by conventional temperature equipment is time consuming, thermography is a fast and simple alternative solution. The most important feature that affects the amount of energy radiating from a surface, under stationary thermal conditions (fixed temperature), is its emissivity. In the present study emissivity of certain commercial wall paints was determined experimentally by adjusting its value in an infrared thermal imager, until its readings coincided with a known temperature measured by PT-100 sensors. It was shown that the emissivity is dependent on the color, current temperature and type/texture of the material.
Optical Detection of the Pesticide by Functionalized Quantum Dots as Fluorescence-Based Biosensor
Authors: Hai Nguyen Ngoc , Chinh Vu Duc , Chi Tran Kim , Thuy Ung Thi Dieu , Nghia Nguyen Xuan , Cao Dao Tran , Nga Pham Thu
Published: November 2011

In this work, the results on using biosensor composed from quantum dots as transducer and acetylcholinesterase enzymes (AChE) to detect pesticides optically are presented. The used quantum dots were CdTe, CdSe/ZnS 10 monolayer (ML) and CdSe/ZnSe2ML/ZnS 8 ML – the brand new thick-shell quantum dots (QD). The study results pointed out that the CdSe/ZnS 10 ML and CdSe/ZnSe 2ML/ZnS 8ML quantum dots best fit for the role of transducers in biosensors. In the biosensor, acetylthiocholine (ATCh) is used as indicator for the AChE enzymes to work, since it is a very powerful hydrolyte with the presence of AChE enzymes. Moreover, the organophosphorus (OP) pesticides are the inhibitors for the AChE enzymes, thus, by the biosensors that we designed, we can detect pesticides by the change in photoluminescence (PL) intensity of QDs, with the detection of OP like parathion methyl is 0.05 ppm, and acetamiprid is 2.5 ppm.
Electrical Permittivity of Polyvinylidene Fluoride Nanocomposites Filled with Organoclay and Graphite Nanoplatelets: Compared and Contrasted
Authors: Tjong Sie Chin
Published: November 2011

Poly (vinylidene fluoride)/graphite nanoplatelets (PVDF/GNP) and PVDF/clay nanocomposites were prepared by means of solution mixing and compression molding processes. The effects of graphite and clay nanoplatelet additions on dielectric behavior of PVDF were studied. The results showed that both clay and GNP additions were beneficial in enhancing permittivity of PVDF. However, conducting graphite platelets were more effective than nonconducting clay sheets in this aspect. This was due to the formation of mini-capacitors in the matrix of PVDF/GNP nanocomposites.
New Ti-Alloy with Negative and Zero Thermal Expansion Coefficients
Authors: Abdel Hady Gepreel Mohamed
Published: November 2011

Most materials expand upon heating due to the anharmonicity of the atomic potential energy. This thermal expansion is one of the intrinsic properties of any material which is very difficult to be controlled. Recently, a negative thermal expansion factor was introduced to those Ti-alloys with high elastic softening when cold deformed. This negative thermal expansion factor is changeable in these types of alloys depending on the alloy composition, degree of cold deformation, and thermal history of the alloy. This change gives a lot of room to control the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of those Ti-alloys to turn from positive though zero to negative values and vice versa. In this paper, the appearance of the NTE factor is discussed and the possible methods to control the final thermal expansion coefficient to achieve a zero thermal expansion coefficient are presented. The unique thermal expansion behavior of the alloys will locate them as an excellent candidate in sensing apparatus and other precious equipments.
Magnetoelastic Viscosity Sensor for Lubricant Oil Condition Monitoring
Authors: Bravo-Imaz I. , García-Arribas A. , Gorritxategi E. , Hernaiz M. , Arnaiz A. , Terradillos J. , Barandiarán J.M.
Published: November 2011

Actual trends in machinery maintenance point to the necessity of an on-line real-time monitoring of the condition of the lubricant oil. Excessive delay in replacing the lubricant oil can have catastrophic results, whereas doing it too early produces evident economic and environmental issues. Magnetoelastic materials offer a good sensing principle for assessing lubricant oil viscosity; which is one of the most important properties to assure its proper lubricant capacity. Among others, one of the most remarkable properties of this sensing principle is the capability of being used through a wide viscosity range. In this work, we describe the experiments performed to evaluate the usefulness of this technology for testing the viscosity of different test oils in order to develop a working device for on-line, real-time monitoring the quality of lubricant oils.
Modelling of the Ship Structural Ballistic Shields from the 10GHMBA Steel
Authors: Jurczak Wojciech , Kyzioł Lesław
Published: November 2011

The contemporary protective structures are now critical elements of the floating units, military, public and other objects. Their task is to weaken the effects of a terrorist action against selected areas with the use of explosives or projectiles. The knowledge of material behaviour at high strain rates is essential for designing the ballistic shields. The hull external shells of the Polish Navy ships now in service do not meet the requirements of ballistic anti-terrorist shields against small arms shooting or the rocket and shell splinters. This is a significant problem in the case of defending a ship against terrorist attack threats. Therefore, there is a tendency for building internal and external ballistic shields in the ship hull structure to protect the critical compartments and action stations. The paper presents investigations of materials subjected to high strain rates, with the 10GHMBA E-620 bainitic steel as an example. The experiments were carried out on the MTS 810.12 testing machine, rotary impact testing hammer, the Taylor test stand and on the ballistic pendulum. In the final part of the paper, some numerical simulations are presented allowing to analyse the fast-changing processes arising during loading the structure by an impact of high velocity bodies.
Simple Identification of Fractional Differential Equation
Authors: Mitkowski Wojciech , Obrączka Anna
Published: November 2011

In this paper the simple identification problem for fractional differential equation of Caputo type was considered. This is the problem of estimation parameters, for which the quadratic criterion is minimized. For solving this issue, the Non Linear Programing technique, based on Marquardt algorithm, was used. At the end of article the results for numerical experiments was presented.
The Methods of Evaluation the Mobility of Off - Road Vehicles
Authors: Sprawka Piotr
Published: November 2011

The paper presents issues related to the evaluation methods of mobility engineering machinery. The issue of mobility is particularly important in terms of tasks and rescue evacuation during disasters and military applications. Currently used methods in evaluation of mobility are manual and they mainly serve to determine the accessibility of terrain for standard vehicles and the usefulness of those methods to access the mobility of special army vehicles is limited. Therefore there is a need to work out own methods to access the mobility of army vehicles in the inaccessible terrain.
The Multistage Positional Game of Marine Objects with Different Degree of Cooperation
Authors: Lisowski Józef
Published: November 2011

Using as an example the process of safe ship’s control, the paper presents the problem of applying a positional non cooperative game of j objects for the description of the process considered as well as for the synthesis of optimal strategies. The approximated mathematical model of differential game in the form of dual linear programming problem is used for the synthesis of safe ship’s trajectory as a multistage process decision. The considerations have been illustrated an example of a computer simulation the MPGAME program to determine the safe ship's trajectory in situation of passing a many of the objects encountered.
Synthesis and Characterizations of a Rod-Like Liquid Crystal TBO16A
Authors: Ma Qing Lan , Zhai Bao Gai , Xiong Rui , Huang Yuan Ming
Published: November 2011

A rod-like liquid crystal (LC) N,N-(terephthalaldehyde) bis (4-n-hexadecyloxyaniline) (TBO16A) was synthesized and investigated by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), fourier transform infrared (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), polarizing optical microscopy (POM) and ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectrophotometry. The FTIR,1H NMR and UV-vis absorption data confirmed the molecular structure of TBO16A. Our results demonstrated that the TBO16A can form enantiotropic smectic A phase.
CuI/HMPA-Catalyzed Alkylation to Tolan: A Valuable Method for Discotic Liquid Crystal Hexabenzocoronene
Authors: Jiang Yu , Liu Xu Ying , Cheng Rui , Wang Wen Guang , Pu Jia Ling
Published: November 2011

In this paper, a novel protocol of akylation to tolan using CuI/HMPA as catalyst for synthesizing alkyl-substituted hexabenzocoronene (HBC) was described. The key step in the route was the construction of tolan bearing 2 long side chains, which was completed in the first step via coupling reaction between 4, 4’-Bis (bromomethyl) tolan (1) and Grignard Reagent in a mild condition. Afterward, Co2(CO)8catalyzed cyclotrimerization gave hexaphenylbenzene derivative (HPB) which could be easily separated by column chromatography and recrystalization. The planarization of HPB was carried out with FeCl3/MeNO2to afford the desired HBC with long odd-carbon alkyl chains in good overall yields.
Microwave-Assisted Synthesis and Mesomorphic Properties of Novel Unsymmetric Imidazolium as Ionic Liquid Crystals
Authors: Yang Teng Zhou , Cheng Rui , Liu Xu Ying , Wang Wen Guang , Pu Jia Ling
Published: November 2011

Two kinds of novel unsymmetric imidazolium salts based ionic liquid crystals (1- [4-(dodecyloxy) phenyl]-3-hexyl/octyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium bromide) were efficiently prepared using a microwave-assisted method. Their mesomorphism has been fully investigated by POM and DSC. The two imidazolium salts displayed typical and good smectic phase textures.
A Nigh-Vision-Compatible LED Backlight for Military Applications
Authors: Chang Yun Fei , Lv Guo Qiang , Feng Qi Bin
Published: November 2011

This paper describes a backlight system that can not only reach high luminance but perform a wide color gamut with NVIS compatibility. The backlight consists of red (R), green (G), blue (B), and amber (A) four colors LEDs. During daytimes, RGBA LEDs are simultaneously turned on, providing more luminance and wider color gamut. When working in the night mode, the red LEDs are turned off. The simulation and practical results show that RGBA backlight present the characteristics of high luminance and wide color gamut with compatibility of night vision.
Defect Feature Acquisition of LED Wafer Using Region Growing Segmentation with Clustering Strategy
Authors: Pan Zhong Liang , Chen Ling , Zhang Guang Zhao
Published: November 2011

The defects of LED wafer may be caused from the manufacturing environments such as contamination. The appearance of the defects can results in functional faults of LED wafer. Therefore, it is very necessary to detect the defects in LED wafer. In this paper, a new method is presented for the defect feature acquisition of LED wafer, the method uses region growing to segment the LED wafer image in order to acquire the defect features. The clustering strategy is added to the region growing for enhancing the acquisition precision of defect features. The defect features that have been obtained can be used to detect these defects of LED wafer. The method consists of following two steps. First of all, the original image of LED wafer is partitioned into several sub-blocks that are not overlapped, and then these sub-blocks are segmented by clustering strategy. Secondly, the whole wafer image is segmented by using region growing algorithm.
Effect of B2O3 on Microwave Dielectric Properties of Ca[(Li1/3Nb2/3)0.92Zr0.08]O3−δ−0.05TiO2 Ceramics
Authors: Xiong Gang
Published: November 2011

The effects of B2O3 on the sinter ability and microwave dielectric properties of Ca [(Li1/3Nb2/3)0.92Zr0.08]O3−δ−0.05TiO2 (CLNZ−0.05TiO2) ceramics were investigated. B2O3 doping can effectively reduce sintering temperature by 150~200 °C. The temperature coefficient of resonator frequency τf increased with an increase of B2O3 content and sintering temperature. When B2O3 of 2.5 wt % were added, the optimum microwave dielectric properties: εr =34.2, Qf =15680GHz and τf = − 4.7×10−6/°C were obtained at the sintering temperature of 950 °C.
Deep-Blue Photoluminescent Properties of a Liquid Crystal TB10A
Authors: Ma Qing Lan , Xiong Rui , Huang Yuan Ming
Published: November 2011

A typical liquid crystal (LC) N,N-(terephthalylidene) bis (4-decylbenzenamine) (TB10A) was firstly synthesized at room temperature. The synthesized LC TB10A were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), polarizing optical microscopy (POM), ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectrophotometry, photoluminecence (PL) spectroscopy and electronic structure calculations. Upon the 325 nm excitation, the dilute tetrahydrofuran solutions of TB10A could give off blue PL. With Hückel tight-binding method, the electronic structures of the TB10A were calculated. Our results demonstrated that the deep-blue PL observed at about 489 nm (2.54 eV) can be assigned to theπ* →ntransition for the TB10A.
Effect of Alloy Disorder Scattering on Electron Mobility Model for Strained-Si1-xGex/Si (101)
Authors: Wang Cheng , Zhang He Ming , Xuan Rong Xi , Hu Hui Yong
Published: November 2011

Si-based strained technology is currently an important topic of concern in the microelectronics field. The stress-induced enhancement of electron mobility contributes to the improved performance of Si-based strained devices. In this paper, Based on both the electron effective mass and the scattering rate models for strained-Si1-xGex/Si (101), an analytical electron mobility model for biaxial compressive strained-Si1-xGex /Si (101) is presented. The results show that the stress doesn’t make the electron mobility increased, but the electron mobility for [100] and [001] orientations decrease with increasing Ge fraction x, especially for [010] orientation expresses a sharp decrease. This physical phenomenon can be explained as: Although the applied stress (the higher the Ge fraction, the greater the applied stress) can enhance the electron mobility, alloy disorder scattering rate markedly increase. Overall the electron mobility decreases instead. The above result suggests that not all the mobilities for Si-based strained materials enhance with the stress applied. For the biaxial strained-SiGe material represented by Ge fraction, the effect of alloy disorder scattering on the enhancement of mobility must be concerned. The result can provide theoretical basis for the understanding of the improved physical characterizations and the enhanced mobility for Si-based strained materials.
Structure and Raman Investigations of Nitrogen-Doped TiO2 Nanotube Arrays
Authors: Wang Hai Ying , Xu Xiao Jun , Wei Jian Hong , Xiong Rui , Shi Jing
Published: November 2011

The N-doped TiO2 nanotube arrays were prepared by electrochemical anodization and thermal annealing in ammonia flux. All the undoped and N-doped TiO2 nanotube arrays were pure anatase phase and the N-doped TiO2 shows obviously enhanced absorption intensity in the visible light region. The investigations on the low-frequency Eg anatase mode of Raman spectra verify that the crystallite size increases from 7.5 nm to 8.5 nm with the increase of the doped nitrogen temperature. The ratio of oxygen atoms to titanium atoms is 2.419 after titania being annealing in NH3 air stream. It could be concluded that the size effect and oxide vacancies introduced by nitrogen doping lead the great increase of UV-Vis absorption for N-doped TiO2 nanotubes.
Influence of Radio Frequency Power on Microstructure of Microcrystalline Silicon Films
Authors: Wang Sheng Zhao , Zhang Dan , Yin Ying Peng , Shi Ming Ji , Huang Da Yong , Yu Jia Hui
Published: November 2011

By PECVD deposition technology, we mainly investigated the influence of PRF (radio frequency power) on glass/steel-based intrinsic amorphous/microcrystalline silicon thin film prepared at 300°C. We study the crystallization ratio, grain size of the silicon thin film specially. The results reveal that the crystallization ratio and grain size of the silicon thin film changed along with RF power. The silicon thin film crystallization ratio and grain size changed sharply when PRF =70 W. On this work we think ideal μc-Si:H can be obtained at PRF= 70 W and in the suitable experimental conditions.
Electrodeposition of Polyhedral Copper Crystals on Porous Silicon
Authors: Meng Ming , Huang Yuan Ming
Published: November 2011

Electrochemical deposition of copper from copper chloride aqueous electrolyte on porous silicon (PS) substrate was investigated in the current density range of 5 mA/cm2to 35 mA/cm2. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was utilized to characterize the surface morphology of as-electrodeposited PS. SEM images illustrate that the applied current density has a profound influence on the shape of copper crystal electrodeposited on the top surface of PS films. When the applied current density was fixed at 5mA/cm2, most of the copper crystals are in the shape of cube along with a small number of cuboid-shape. With the increasing current density, cuboid-shaped copper crystals gradually vanished. When the current density is up to the 35mA/cm2, we surprisingly observe that the cube shape predominates simultaneously with the emergence of truncated tetrahedron. A tentative explanation for the growth mechanism of copper crystal having various shapes is explored.
Emission Spectra of Zinc Oxychloride Tellurite Glass: Effects of Eu3+/Sm3+ Co-Doping
Authors: Sahar M.R. , Arifin R. , Ghoshal S.K.
Published: November 2011

Eu3+or/and Sm3+co-doped glasses based on TeO2-ZnO-ZnCl2-Li2O are prepared using the melt quenching technique and the effects of co-doping on the emission spectra of these glasses are examined. The Sm3+doped glass under 403 nm excitations show emission bands around 561, 598 and 642 nm corresponding to the transitions of4G5/2→6H5/2,4G5/2→6H7/2and4G5/2→6H9/2respectively. Whereas, in Eu3+doped glass under 397 nm excitation emission bands appear around 553, 586, 613, 650 and 699 nm that corresponds to the transitions of5D1→7F2,5D0→7F1,5D0→7F2,5D0→7F3and5D0→7F4. In addition, the emission spectra of the Eu3+/Sm3+co-doped glass under 482 nm excitation consists of five bands in which three are contributed by Sm3+at 561, 598 and 642 nm and two by Eu3+at 613 nm and 699 nm respectively. Surprisingly, the emission bands of Eu3+are still observed in the emission spectra of Sm3+for the Eu3+/Sm3+co-doped glasses despite the absence of the excitation wavelength 482 nm in the absorption and excitation domain of Eu3+. This observation is attributed to the partial resonance transfer of the absorption energy from Sm3+to the Eu3+ions.
Diversified Carbohydrate-Binding Lectins from Marine Resources
Authors: Ogawa Tomohisa , Watanabe Mizuki , Naganuma Takako , Muramoto Koji
Published: November 2011

Marine bioresources produce a great variety of specific and potent bioactive molecules including natural organic compounds such as fatty acids, polysaccharides, polyether, peptides, proteins, and enzymes. Lectins are also one of the promising candidates for useful therapeutic agents because they can recognize the specific carbohydrate structures such as proteoglycans, glycoproteins, and glycolipids, resulting in the regulation of various cells via glycoconjugates and their physiological and pathological phenomenon through the host-pathogen interactions and cell-cell communications. Here, we review the multiple lectins from marine resources including fishes and sea invertebrate in terms of their structure-activity relationships and molecular evolution. Especially, we focus on the unique structural properties and molecular evolution of C-type lectins, galectin, F-type lectin, and rhamnose-binding lectin families.