bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
State regulation and public marketing of the tourism industry: environmental aspect
Authors: Uhodnikova Olena , Svіtlichna Vіktorіya , Aleksandrova Svitlana , Kravtsova Sofiia
Published: December 2020

The article is devoted to the topical issues of finding ways to get the tourism industry out of the crisis at the world and national levels. In the context of the coronavirus pandemic, due to the closure of borders and a decrease in the level of income of the population, the tourism industry has suffered the greatest losses, as evidenced by the indicators of reducing the tourist flow and, accordingly, income from conducting tourist activities. Since the industry is of great socio-economic importance through providing the population with jobs and making a significant contribution to national and local budgets, as well as influencing the development of related sectors of the economy, the problem of tourism development becomes of state importance, especially in the countries with a high share of income from the tourism industry in the GDP structure. A partial marketing analysis of the issue of forming interesting tourist offers for the quarantine period was carried out. The results of a sociological survey conducted in an online format are presented in the article. These results showed the relevance of the issue of developing domestic ecotourism. Also, the article develops an algorithm for state support of the tourism industry by providing opportunities for tourist enterprises to work in the system of domestic ecotourism, which will contribute not only to the ability of tourist enterprises to continue their activities, but also have positive socio-economic and environmental consequences, in particular to ensure the sustainable development of territories through the development of ecotourism.
Specifics of cruise tourism and features of creating a cruise tourism product
Authors: Logunova Natalya , Kalinkina Svetlana , Lazitskaya Natalya , Tregulova Irina
Published: December 2020

The paper presents a comprehensive characteristic of cruise tourism as a special type of social and economic activity that involves the implementation of physiological, psychological and other needs of people. Cruise tourism is considered as a whole industry providing the formation, promotion and implementation of a cruise tourism product. A number of basic functions arising from the needs of its organizers and consumers is highlighted, based on the transformation of initial resources into the final product. The industry specificity of cruise tourism is reflected, and features of the cruise as a tourist product are revealed.
The state of the Russian payment market: digitalization and the impact of COVID-19
Authors: Korobeynikova Olga , Burkaltseva Diana , Dugina Tatiana , Kozenko Zinaida , Shaldokhina Svetlana
Published: December 2020

The purpose of the article is to assess the state of the Russian payment market and the impact on it of two main factors - the COVID-19 pandemic and the development of the digital economy. Objectives of the article: 1) highlight the stages of development of the modern payment market in Russia; 2) identify the dynamics of the payment market of the Russian Federation (infrastructure for the provision of payment and other financial services, the number of non-cash payments, the use of cash); 3) to establish the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and the development of the digital economy on the state of the Russian payment market. As a result of solving the tasks, the following was established. There are three stages to assess the Russian payment market. Analysis of data on the infrastructure for the provision of payment and other financial services showed that since 2010 there has been an annual decrease in the number of banks. The structure of non-cash payments is changing: the number and amount of transactions using payment cards are growing, the number and volume of money transfers are decreasing, and cash is being phased out. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and digitalization on the state of the Russian payment market reflects trends that are being strengthened by the pandemic and are shaping a sustainable trend.
Development of human capital in the military-industrial complex of Russia in the context of digital transformation
Authors: Dyundik Elena , Golubev Sergey , Makhova Anastasia , Gurtskoy Lev
Published: December 2020

The paper formulates the main areas of human capital development in the Russian military-industrial complex in the context of digital transformation. To remedy the current situation, it is necessary to change the system of training of employees of the defense industry, including scientific and pedagogical personnel and specialists. To do this, it is necessary to change the regulatory framework that determines the training of personnel for the defense industry enterprises, to develop methodological recommendations for a comprehensive assessment of the state of human resources in the defense industry; to develop new training programs that take into account the needs of the digital economy, to ensure a close connection of educational institutions with the employer of the military-industrial complex, to form a system of corporate training, a knowledge management system.
Modeling and forecasting seasonal and cyclical events using retrospective data
Authors: Darmanyan Anatoly , Rogachev Aleksey
Published: December 2020

Based on the data of the Ministry of energy of Russian Federation for the period of 2012-2019 years the mathematical modeling of statistics of power production were performed using time series analysis in Statistica. To describe the statistical data, the exponential smoothing model was used, its parameter was found and short-term forecasting of electricity generation in Russia for 2019 was performed. For long-term forecasting the seasonal model of autoregression and integrated moving average ARIMA - (0,1,1)(0,1,1) is chosen, its parameters are defined and its adequacy to real data is proved. With the help of the found model, the forecasting of electricity generation in the Russian Federation within 90% of the confidence interval for twelve months 2019-2020 is performed. The non-stationary time series of the studied statistics, the presence of a trend and a seasonal component in it are proved. The model parameters are defined as ARIMA(0,1,1)(0,1,1) by means of the Statistica software, and the adequacy of this model to real data is proved. Using the found mathematical model, a long – term forecast (period-12 months) of electricity generation in the Russian Federation with a 90% confidence interval was performed.
Development of a software module for quality control and statistical data processing in production
Authors: Golubeva Olesya , Pogorelova Alina
Published: December 2020

the article considers the algorithmic and mathematical justification for the development of a new software module for product quality control and statistical data processing at the Auditor enterprises. The software is designed for automated calculation of product quality control and evaluation indicators. The program has a wide range of functions for statistical data processing and product quality control tools at the enterprise. The functional characteristics of the software include: comparing risks for a given set of factors for two cases, building a histogram of the distribution of cases over a given numerical interval, comparing objects for a given set of values using a generalized estimate, calculating global priorities for a given set of factors for several cases, calculating the I-th predicted value for a linear regression model, calculating the i-th predicted value for an exponential regression model, calculating the i-th predicted value for a parabolic regression model, calculating the consistency of experts for a given set of factors, calculating the n+1 value of a time series, and evaluating the level of employee satisfaction.
Universal classification of goods and services for marketing and logistics
Authors: Parshukov Aleksey E. , Aleksandrov Igor , Fedorova Marina
Published: December 2020

The paper pays attention to the limited opportunities of small businesses in the development of product promotion programs and logistic schemes. Most entrepreneurs turn to specialized firms or hire specialists. We propose to develop an algorithm (and in further program) for determining the product class, which can be used by any entrepreneur. After determining the product class, the user will be offered the entire suitable list of promotion tools including 4 groups: advertising, promotion, public relations, direct marketing and variants of delivery: types of vehicles, routes. This article attempts to solve the first problem - to develop a universal classification of goods and services. The classification includes 18 classes of goods and services.
Assessment of the impact of risks of energy companies in a pandemic
Authors: Solopova Natalya , Karpovich Oleg , Minnullina Anna , Minnullin Ruslan
Published: December 2020

The life-supporting role of the electric power industry during the spread of the coronavirus was especially pronounced. Electricity has become necessary for remote education of children, video calls, hospitals, etc. The main trends in electricity demand include changes in the ratio of electricity consumption in industry, transport and commercial sectors, as well as households due to the quarantine of some consumers. The paper identifies key risk-forming factors for the energy industry at the macro level and, based on an expert assessment, identifies the most probable and most powerful risks. By analogy with external risk-forming factors, the internal risk-forming factors of energy companies were analyzed, and their range of internal risks was determined.
Assessment of the quality of staff competence: method and application experience
Authors: Minnullin Anna , Minnullin Ruslan , Kopytova Anna , Dorofeev S.
Published: December 2020

The method for assessing the quality of training of energy company personnel consists in identifying criteria for assessing the quality of training energy and industrial equipment sales manager, ranking these criteria according to their importance, and determining the weights of these criteria, which will allow separating general and professional criteria of personnel for understanding the importance of basic education and subsequent experience. Approbation of the results obtained on the basis of a multi-criteria assessment allows heads of companies to attract managers with a higher professional level of training.
Residential property ownership valuation and cost management based on energy efficiency measures
Authors: Baronin Sergey , Kulakov Kirill
Published: December 2020

The aim of the research is to work out theoretical provisions to model processes of estimating and managing costs of owning residential realty on the basis of measures aimed at increasing energy efficiency. The existing Russian and foreign experience in the field of investigated topic is provided. The proprietary methodology for calculating the cost of owning residential realty and managing it in accordance with actual expenditures for the purposes of their minimizing is described. The methodology was tested on a single apartment, a section of residential building and a whole apartment house in the city of Penza, pertaining to certain homeowners. The structure of expenditures of an owner was analyzed on the basis of Pareto chart and ABC-analysis; indicators of ownership within yearly, monthly and daily cycles for the period from 2014 to 2019 were calculated. The effect of owning residential real estate in the context of its secondary sale was demonstrated. The measure consists in using the innovative heating boiler ATP-TermaRON within the limits of, first, a single apartment, second, a cluster-system of homeowners living in one section of a building, and, third, a whole apartment house. Some basic conclusions on the problematics under consideration were made and certain recommendations were given.
Production strategy development for an energy company based on SADT
Authors: Minnullina Anna , Minnullin Ruslan , Kopytova Anna , Savoskina Elena
Published: December 2020

The article presents an algorithm for choosing the type of production strategy and its development in a company performed by a formed working group. In order to clearly reflect the relationship between the production strategy under developed and other functional strategies of companies and to eliminate all kinds of errors that many developers encounter at the planning stage, it is proposed to implement SADT. The research demonstrates a breakdown of the original function “Development of the organization’s production strategy” based on the SADT diagram, which describes the input-output transformations and the rules for these transformations. So as to confirm the practical applicability of this tool, it was tested in the energy company OOO Gazspetsstroy. Based on the suggested work plan, the activities for the development of the company’s production strategy are distributed in accordance with the workload of the working group and the complexity of the work performed.
Theoretical aspects of human capital influence on regional development
Authors: Kokuytseva T. , Ovchinnikova O.
Published: December 2020

This article is to discuss the state of scholarly research on the influence of human capital on the economic growth and the development of regions. We hereby review the relevant literature published over the past 30 years, and we integrate the various trends and factors into a preliminary and multi-dimensional framework of human capital development. Through this methodologically systematic review and framework development, we provide a more comprehensive and deeper understanding of the connection between human capital development, world technological trends and economic growth. In so doing, we consequently identify various research gaps and prescribe effective ways for future works in this research stream. Conclusively, we discuss the problem of a lack of the demand for human capital (as well as knowledge) in Russian regions that is the main reason for weak economic situation in them. Here is suggested to restructure current regional economy in order to consolidate high qualified human capital in regions and stipulate economic growth in regions.
Transport component in the price of goods
Authors: Baginova Vera , Fedorov Lev
Published: December 2020

The main aspects of the transport component in the price of goods are considered. The analysis of cost and statistical general transport in-kind indicators characterizing the role of transport in economic relations is carried out. Disadvantages of these indicators are identified. The suggestions on their elimination and improvement of accounting for transport costs in the cost structure of the transport component are presented. It is indicated that the implementation of the proposals will make it possible to more correctly determine the transport component and identify the dynamics of proportions in the development of transport and other sectors of the country’s economy.
Obtaining statistical data on industrial accidents in Russia
Authors: Baryshev Evgeny , Shmakova Kseniya , Yakshina Natalia , Sergeeva Maria
Published: December 2020

The article investigates the problem of industrial accidents statistical data collecting in Russian Federation. The industrial injuries concealment causes, including those with a fatal outcome, are analyzed. Possible purposes is indicated to use reliable statistics on industrial injuries.
Influence of temperament on the professionalism of firefighters
Authors: Belousova A , Osipov A , Ermak V
Published: December 2020

The article discusses the features of temperament and its indicators in firefighters of different groups of professionalism. Temperament is understood in accordance with the formal-dynamic concept of V. M. Rusalov, which highlights the formal-dynamic properties of the individual: ergic, plasticity, speed, emotionality. The sample consisted of 210 firefighters, divided into three groups of professionalism: firefighters-mentors, firefighters of the 1st class, firefighters of the 2nd class. A questionnaire for determining V. M.’s temperament was used. Rusalova, methods of mathematical statistics: the Kruskal-Wallace method and ANOVA analysis of variance. The features of the development of temperament indicators in various groups of firefighters are revealed. The main results of the study are described, indicating that there are indicators (social tempo, tempo, social ergicity, ergicity) that are common to all groups of firefighters. At the same time, some indicators of temperament (social plasticity and emotionality) differ in severity in certain groups of firefighters: social plasticity dominates in class 2 firefighters, and emotionality – in class 1 firefighters.
The benefits of development cage fish farming
Authors: Sangirova Umida , Khafizova Zulfiya , Yunusov Iskandar , Rakhmankulova Barna , Kholiyorov Umirzok
Published: December 2020

The fishing industry has a special role in the development of the agricultural economy. Fish farming in cages is currently very important and is a promising and economically profitable form of growing marketable fish. The fishing industry has many advantages, such as beneficial effects on the health of the population, on the environment, and on the world’s economy. Activities carried out in the fish farming industry provide ample opportunities. These activities are the organization of fish farming clusters, the use of intensive methods and resource-saving technologies, the transportation of compound feed and mineral fertilizers to fish farms. Intensive fish farming can reduce the cost of fish and maintain the existence of many types of commercial fish.
Organoleptic and physicochemical properties of fat of some deer in Primorsky Krai
Authors: Korotkov Evgeny , Lyubchenko Elena , Korotkova Irina
Published: December 2020

Meat of wild animals has high nutritional and dietary properties and has always been considered a healthy food, since wild animals eat natural food. The conducted studies allowed determining the organoleptic and some physicochemical properties of water deer fat in comparison with sika deer fat for the first time.
Lime soil conditioner based on soda production sludge for reclamation of industry-disturbed soils in the impact zone of an oil refinery
Authors: Kalinina Elena , Rudakova Larisa
Published: December 2020

The paper presents the results of a study on the use of soda production sludge (SPS) as a lime soil conditioner. SPS with a less than 0.1 mm fraction is the most suitable in terms of physical, chemical, and toxicological properties and meets the requirements of GOST-14050-93 «Limestone (dolomite) dust. Specifications» on the content of the active substance, the mass fraction of calcium and magnesium carbonates. Reclamative properties of SPS were studied on soil samples taken in the territory removed from the sanitary protection zone of the oil refinery. It was found that all soil samples have a phytotoxic effect on pea seedlings. The introduction of SPS in amount of 1-3 g per kg of soil stimulates the development of the ground part and roots of oats and peas, and also increases the germination energy of oat and pea seeds in the initial soil samples by 2÷10 times. The introduction of SPS into the samples of the studied soils at a dose of 1-3 g/kg stimulates the development of colonies of Azotobacter bacteria and leads to an increase in the total number of soil microorganisms. The introduction of SPS in an amount of 3 g per kilo of soil leads to a slight increase in the environment reaction and an increase in the content of water-soluble salts in the soil up to 2 times. In view of this, it is necessary to control that the content of water-soluble salts does not exceed the established standards. Based on the results obtained, we consider it expedient to use soda production sludge as a lime soil conditioner and for the reclamation of industry-disturbed soils.
An innovative model of a non-relativist universe
Authors: Baryshnikova Olga , Sapelnik Catherine , Fedoseeva Lyudmila
Published: December 2020

The paper investigates a model of the local Universe based on the concepts of nonrelativistic physics. The space-time boundaries of its applicability are estimated. The finiteness of the Universe in space and time arising from the analysis of the field of forces and energy fields of the Universe is affirmed. The necessity of the existence of “dark matter” in the proposed model is shown. On the basis of the presented model (using the modern values of the Hubble parameter and the density of the substance of the Universe), the following are estimated: the age of the Universe; the mass of its substance; period of her life cycle; acceleration of the movement of matter, etc. The dependences of the density of matter (and its minimum value), the radius of the Universe (and its maximum value), and the Hubble parameter on time are obtained. The position of the Milky Way galaxy in the Universe has also been estimated. It is shown that the law of conservation of energy in its classical formulation is not applicable to the Universe as a whole. It is argued that after a while the laws of classical physics will be applicable to the entire Universe as a whole.
Risks accounting when building a management system for innovative and investment processes in construction
Authors: Selyutina Larisa , Pesotskaya Elena , Rybnov Evgeny , Sitdikov Sergey
Published: December 2020

The article focuses on pressing issues of risk and uncertainty consideration in the innovation-driven development and investment support of construction companies. It gives special attention to the most essential characteristics of the risk management process as a complex type of construction companies’ activity. The authors suggest their classification of risks specific to innovation and investment processes of construction companies based on the analysis of risk situations in the innovation and investment field. Pressing methodical problems of risk management are investigated. Emphasis is made on methodological approaches to risk accounting and reduction at construction companies. The authors make a number of scientific general conclusions and suggest a methodology for evaluating the effectiveness of the innovation and investment process management system through changing the value of a construction company considering the risks and their probabilities pertaining to the processes.
An efficient three-term conjugate gradient-type algorithm for monotone nonlinear equations
Authors: Sabi’u Jamilu , Shah Abdullah
Published: December 2020

In this article, we proposed two Conjugate Gradient (CG) parameters using the modified Dai–Liao condition and the descent three-term CG search direction. Both parameters are incorporated with the projection technique for solving large-scale monotone nonlinear equations. Using the Lipschitz and monotone assumptions, the global convergence of methods has been proved. Finally, numerical results are provided to illustrate the robustness of the proposed methods.
„Smartphone addiction”: Fakt oder Fiktion?
Authors: Wolf Nadine D. , Wolf Robert C.
Published: December 2020

Gegenstand und Ziel In den vergangenen Jahren wurde vermehrt darauf hingewiesen, dass exzessive Smartphone-Nutzung Merkmale abhängigen Verhaltens aufweisen und damit auch einen eigenständigen Störungswert erlangen kann. In diesem Kontext wurde der Begriff der „smartphone addiction“ eingeführt. In dieser Übersicht soll der aktuelle Wissensstand zu diesem neuen Phänomen zusammengefasst werden.

Material und Methoden Selektive Literaturrecherche zur „problematischen“ oder „exzessiven“ Smartphone-Nutzung resp. „smartphone addiction“ unter Berücksichtigung aktueller Befunde aus der Neurobildgebung.

Ergebnisse Die „smartphone addiction“ (SPA) kann psychometrisch reliabel erfasst werden. Konservative Schätzungen gehen von einer Prävalenz von ca. 14–31 % bei Jugendlichen und jungen Erwachsenen aus. Die SPA scheint mit vielfältigen anderen Symptomen assoziiert zu sein, insbesondere mit Angst, Depressivität, Impulsivität, Emotions- und Selbswertregulati onsdefiziten. Rezente Befunde der Neurobildgebung verweisen auf neurobiologische Parallelen zu anderen substanzgebundenen und substanzunabhängigen Suchterkrankungen.

Schlussfolgerung/klinische Relevanz Die SPA ist ein relativ neues Phänomen, jedoch keine eigenständige Krankheitsentität. Parallelen zur DSM-5 „Internet Gaming Disorder“ (IGD) sind nicht zu übersehen, und möglicherweise könnte die SPA als „mobile“ Variante digitaler Spielstörungen betrachtet werden. Erste neurobiologische Befunde konnten das kategoriale Konstrukt der SPA validieren mit Verweis auf Gehirnregionen und neuronale Netzwerke, die Sucht und abhängiges Verhalten aufrechterhalten. SPA-spezifische Therapieoptionen sind derzeit nicht verfügbar, sie dürften sich jedoch stark anlehnen an Behandlungsprinzipien der IGD. Präventive und psychoedukative Maßnahmen sollten in der Zukunft gestärkt werden.
Woher kommen Missverständnisse an der Schnittstelle von Hirntod und Organspende?
Authors: Moskopp Dag
Published: December 2020

Der Begriff des Hirntodes wurde in Europa an Einzelfällen seit 1952 allmählich entwickelt. Dies führte 1960 zur ersten konzeptionellen Umsetzung mit konsekutivem Abschalten des Respirators 41. Die erste Transplantation mit postmortaler Organspende bei schlagendem Herzen erfolgte 1963 4, 5. Meine historische Darstellung in dieser Zeitschrift 28 wurde kürzlich ebenda kritisiert 9, mit der These, dass ein „Konzept des Hirntodes … maßgeblich“ erst von den Interessen der Transplantationsmedizin „propagiert“ worden – und erst ab 1968 wahrzunehmen sei 1, 18. Die vorliegende Ergänzung beschäftigt sich mit Missverständnissen und Kommunikationsproblemen, die das Thema Hirntod – insbesondere an der Schnittstelle zur postmortalen Organspende – seit Anbeginn begleiten. Philosophische und religionswissenschaftliche Aspekte werden angesprochen, und weitere historische Details erörtert. Schließlich wird am Beispiel auf eine „Intra-vitale“-Hirnautolyse bei richtlinienkonform festgestelltem Hirntod hingewiesen 26, 27, 39, 42–46.
Genomic Landscape and Targeted Treatment of Gallbladder Cancer: Results of a First Ongoing Prospective Study
Authors: Patel Amol , Soneji Dharmesh , Singh Harinder Pal , Kumar Manish , Bandyopadhyay Arnab , Mathur Ankit , Sharma Anuj , Gahlot Gaurav Prakash Singh , MS Shivashankara , Guleria Bhupesh , Nair Rajesh , Bhuva Dipen , Pandalanghat Suresh
Published: December 2020

Background Prognosis of gallbladder cancer (GBC) has not changed in the past 20 years. Comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) carries potential to determine the actionability for multiple targets, including ERBB2, ERBB3, MET, ROSI, FGFR, and PIK3. This study evaluates the role of CGP and targeted therapies.

Methods This is a multicenter, prospective, single-arm study. All consecutive patients of unresectable and/or metastatic GBC of age ≥18 years were enrolled. Hybrid capture-based CGP was performed by Foundation Medicine CDx. All patients received first-line chemotherapy with gemcitabine–cisplatin regimen. Patients with ERBB2/3 amplification received trastuzumab with capecitabine or nab-paclitaxel, and patients with MET amplification were treated with crizotinib. For ERBB2/3 mutations, lapatinib plus capecitabine regimen was used.

Results Fifty patients were studied with a median age of 56 years (range 26–83) and a male-to-female ratio of 1:1.6. ERBB2 and ERBB3 amplification was seen in 9 (18%) and 2 (4%) patients, respectively. Four patients with ERBB2 amplification received trastuzumab and/or lapatinib, showed partial response, and maintained response beyond 12 weeks. One patient had mixed response, whereas two patients progressed on trastuzumab and lapatinib. Three patients with ERBB3 mutations showed response to lapatinib–capecitabine. One patient with MET amplification responded to crizotinib for 4 weeks. PIK3 mutations were present in 14% of cases and were independent of ERBB aberrations.

Conclusion GBC is enriched in 28% of patients with ERBB2 and ERBB3 amplifications and/or mutations. Responses are seen with lapatinib in concurrent ERBB2 mutation and amplification. ERBB3 mutation showed response to lapatinib. MET and PIK3 are new findings in GBC, which may be targeted.
Plasmablastic Lymphoma: A Clinicopathological Study from a Tertiary Care Cancer Center in South India
Authors: Mundada Manasi C. , Ahmed Faiq , Khera Rachna , Murthy Sudha , Rajappa Senthil , Santa A. , Mallavarapu Krishnamohan
Published: December 2020

Background Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) is a rare aggressive B cell lymphoma that is commonly encountered in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). In this case series, we describe the clinicopathological features of cases of PBL seen at a tertiary care center in South India.

Materials and Methods Medical records of patients diagnosed with PBL between January 2009 and November 2017 were reviewed. PBL was defined as per the World Health Organization 2016 classification for hematopoietic and lymphoid neoplasms. The slides were reviewed with hematoxylin and eosin along with immunohistochemistry (IHC) including CD45, CD20, PAX5, CD79a, CD3, CD5, CD138, MUMI, EMA, ALK, and Ki67. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) association was documented by rapid in situ hybridization (RISH) studies wherever possible. The demographic data, clinical presentation, treatment details, and outcomes are elaborated using descriptive statistics.

Results During the study period, nine patients with PBL were identified. The median age at presentation was 47 years (range: 36–54 years). All patients had associated HIV/AIDS, eight (89%) had extranodal disease, and six (66%) had advanced clinical stage (stage III). All biopsies were positive for CD45, CD138, and MUM1, and negative for CD79a and T cell markers with a high Ki67 proliferation index (85–90%); CD20 was faint positive in one patient, and CD56 was positive in one (11%) patient. EBV-RISH was tested in two patients and was positive in one. Bone marrow was uninvolved in all the cases. At the time of last follow-up, three patients were alive. Treatment details were available in six patients. With frontline therapy, four patients achieved a complete remission (CR) and one patient developed progressive disease. Three of four patients in CR are alive till the last follow-up.

Conclusion PBL is a rare form of lymphoma with predominant association with HIV, extranodal location, and characteristic IHC pattern.
A Tertiary Cancer Center Experience of 52 Cases of Primary Ovarian Mucinous Adenocarcinomas
Authors: Das Gaurav , Sridevi V. , Natarajan Mohanaraj
Published: December 2020

Background Primary mucinous epithelial ovarian adenocarcinoma (mEOC) constitutes a small percentage (2–5%) of ovarian cancer. Our aim is to understand the clinicopathological characteristics and survival results of patients with mEOC after a long-term follow-up.

Materials and Methods This is a retrospective study of primary mEOC cases treated at a tertiary cancer center in India, from January 1, 2005, to December 31, 2012.

Results Out of 958 malignant ovarian tumors, 52 (5.43%) were mucinous adenocarcinoma. Nearly 71.2% of cases were of early-stage disease, and the remaining were of advanced-stage disease. After a follow-up period of 63 months (range: 1–138 months), the 5-year actuarial overall survival for stages I, II, III, and IV was 92.5, 70, 38.5, and 0%, respectively. Among advanced-stage tumors, half of them progressed without undergoing cytoreductive surgery and died.

Conclusion Most of the mEOC cases present in early stages and have good clinical outcome. Patients with advanced-stage disease do not respond well to standard chemotherapy regimens in use and have poor survival figures. The use of primary cytoreduction should be considered in the place of interval cytoreduction for advanced mEOC.
A Prospective Observational Study Comparing Long-Course Conventional Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy with Short-Course Radiotherapy Followed by Consolidation Chemotherapy with Delayed Surgery in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer
Authors: Thakur Niketa , Seam Rajeev K. , Gupta Manoj K. , Gupta Manish , Fotedar Vikas , Vats Siddharth , Rana Sakshi , Vias Poorva , Ahuja Rachit
Published: December 2020

Background Polish and Australian randomized studies compared short-course radiotherapy (RT) with immediate surgery and long-course chemoradiotherapy (CRT) with delayed surgery. In these studies, similar long-term survival and local control have been reported for both these approaches, but pathological complete response (pCR) is not better with short-course RT. Moreover, studies have shown better tumor downstaging with delayed surgery. In this context, the use of short-course RT with delayed surgery may have some advantages and needs to be tested in clinical trials.

Patients and Methods This was a two-arm, prospective, observational study, in which preoperative short-course RT followed by two cycles of chemotherapy was compared with the conventional neoadjuvant CRT in locally advanced rectal cancer. The primary end points were the rate of complete response and toxicity profile. The secondary end points were the rate of R0 resection, overall survival, and progression-free survival. The data obtained from the two arms were analyzed using Pearson’s chi-square test to determine the statistical significance between the two treatment arms.

Results The pCR rate was 6.7% in the study arm and 0 in the control arm (p = 0.343). The RO resection rates were 92.8 and 92.3% in the study and control arms, respectively. The rates of grade 3and 4 acute toxicity in the study and control arms were 14.2 and 61.5%, respectively (p = 0.011). The rates of grade 3 and 4 late toxicity in the study and control arms were 21.4 and 15.3%, respectively (p = 0.686).

Conclusions The pCR rates and the late toxicities in both arms are comparable. The major advantages of the 5 × 5 Gy regimen with chemotherapy in a neoadjuvant setting are a significant reduction in acute toxicities and better patient compliance along with similar efficacy as that of the standard regimen.
Small-world network structure mimics spontaneous synchronization in epileptic seizures
Authors: Frank Jodi Ackerman
Published: December 2020

Model using complex coupled oscillator networks show the impact of neural network structure in seizure-related synchronization.
About charge carrier mobility in common insulating polymers
Authors: Tyutnev Andrey , Ihksanov Renat , Saenko Vladimir , Ashmarin Valentin
Published: December 2020

Numerical calculations have been performed on the time of flight transients predicted by a newly developed model describing consistently the radiation-induced conductivity of common insulating polymers under both pulsed and continuous irradiation. The model differs substantially from the conventional multiple trapping formalism based on an exponential trap distribution by the presence of additional deep traps distributed in energy or even external deep traps allowing no thermal detrapping (the so-called sinks). This circumstance complicates the definition of the main transport characteristic, the drift mobility, so familiar in Gaussian (normal) or dispersive transport. An analysis of the current transients has been done in a range of fields (107–109 V/m), decay times (10−9–104 s), and not too thin sample thicknesses (2–20 μm). No operational procedure for the determination of a unique time of flight could be found, and therefore, information about charge carrier transport in common insulating polymers must be obtained through numerical calculations. All previous studies on this subject have been critically reviewed.
Solid-driven mechanism and experimental study based on surface acoustic wave microfluidic
Authors: Li Tinghua , Huang Qingyun , Li Shoubo , Xie Yijuan , Han Junlong , Han Yi , Lei Yulin , Hu Hong , Zhu Donglai
Published: December 2020

This study proposes a method to drive a solid by liquid–solid coupling and designs and manufactures a surface acoustic wave actuator to drive a wetted solid ball. The solid ball moves under surface acoustic wave microfluidic acoustic streaming. By theoretical analysis and experimental testing, the driving model is systematically examined in terms of the influence of the device frequency, input power, droplet viscosity, and other parameters on the movement of the ball. The speed at the mark end of the ball under 4.17 W of input power and driving at 60-MHz frequency in pure water reaches 0.175 m/s. Compared with the driving method of a surface acoustic wave linear motor, this wetted solid-driven method easily ensures that the solid ball drives to reach the same order of speed, avoiding numerous problems present in the existing surface acoustic wave linear motors. The proposed method provides important guidance and is of practical significance for the application of surface acoustic wave technology in micromotors and micromanipulation.
A nonlinear transmission line based on periodically placed silicon high voltage switches
Authors: Romanchenko Ilya V. , Konev Vladimir Yu. , Barmin Valery V. , Priputnev Pavel V. , Maltsev Sergey N.
Published: December 2020

The generation of high-power nanosecond radio frequency pulses is obtained by means of sequential commutation of silicon high voltage switches periodically placed in a nonlinear transmission line. The coaxial transmission line had the inner conductor made in the form of a corrugated periodic structure. The dispersive characteristics of the transmission line were optimized for RF generation by an electromagnetic shock front using numerical simulation. In the experiment, nanosecond RF pulses at frequency near 1 GHz were obtained for 2 kV incident pulses. The peak-to-peak amplitude of the excited oscillations reached about 30% of the amplitude of the incident pulse.
Current Controlled Voltage Source Converters and Grid Code Considerations
Authors: Okedu Kenneth
Published: December 2020

Recent wind farm grid codes require wind generators to ride through voltage sags, which means that normal power production should be re-initiated once the nominal grid voltage is recovered. However, fixed speed wind turbine generator system using induction generator (IG) has the stability problem similar to the step-out phenomenon of a synchronous generator. On the other hand, doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) can control its real and reactive powers independently while being operated in variable speed mode. This chapter proposes a new control strategy using DFIGs for stabilizing a wind farm composed of DFIGs and IGs, without incorporating additional FACTS (Flexible AC Transmission System) devices. A new current controlled voltage source converter (CC-VSC) scheme is proposed to control the converters of DFIG and the performance is verified by comparing the results with those of a voltage-controlled voltage source converter (VC-VSC) scheme. Another salient feature of this text is to reduce the number of proportionate integral (PI) controllers used in the rotor side converter without degrading dynamic and transient performances. Moreover, DC-link protection scheme during grid fault can be omitted in the proposed scheme which reduces overall cost of the system. Extensive simulation analyses by using PSCAD/EMTDC were carried out to clarify the effectiveness of the proposed CC-VSC based control scheme of DFIGs.
Hybrid Control Strategy for Variable Speed Wind Turbine Power Converters
Authors: Okedu Kenneth
Published: December 2020

Different structure and control algorithm can be used for control of power converters. One of the most common control techniques is to decouple proportionate integral (PI) control of output active and reactive power to improve dynamic behavior of wind turbines. This chapter employs a hybrid control strategy for variable speed wind turbine power converters. A voltage-controlled voltage source converter algorithm was used in the machine or rotor side of the variable speed wind turbine system. For the grid or stator side of the variable speed wind turbine, a current-controlled voltage source converter method was used. The effectiveness of the hybrid converter system was compared with those using only voltage or current controlled power converters for the variable speed wind turbine in a standard laboratory power simulation package of the Manitoba Research Centre in Canada (PSCAD/EMTDC). It is palpable and discernable from the results that the hybrid control strategy improves the performance of the variable speed wind turbine stability during transient conditions compared to when only the voltage-controlled algorithm was used for the power converters. However, when the current-controlled method is applied for the variable speed wind turbine power converters, the transient stability of the variable speed wind turbine was slightly improved compared to the hybrid converter system.
Benefits and Weak Points of Various Control Strategies
Authors: Okedu Kenneth
Published: December 2020

It is important to keep grid connected wind farms in operation during disturbances in the power network. This chapter investigates various control techniques of wind farm composed of Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) and fixed speed induction generator. Several enhancement schemes were considered with the aim of stabilizing the mixed wind farm. Some schemes were used to enhance the performance of other schemes. The schemes considered were subjected to the same transient condition at the rated wind speed of the wind turbines. The simulation results in Power System Computer Aided Design and Electromagnetic Transient Including DC (PSCAD/EMTDC) platform show the improved performance of the wind turbines and the wind farm for the various cases. In addition, a comparison of the benefits and weak points in terms of economic costs and performance of the various approaches to enhance the stability of the variable speed wind turbines were analysed.
Pitch Angle Controller Low Pass Filter Timing and Network Side Connected Damper Circuitry
Authors: Okedu Kenneth
Published: December 2020

In wind turbine systems, pitch angle controllers are employed to reduce the aerodynamic power gained during high wind speeds. On the other hand, passive filters are usually used to mitigate disturbances in grid connected Voltage Source Converters (VSCs). In order to avoid the risk of instability in the grid connected VSC, as a result of resonance in the capacitive and inductive components, it is necessary to consider damping. In this chapter, the low pass filter timing constant of the pitch angle controller of Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) wind turbine was varied considering different time constants. The best timing response of the low pass filter was further used to analyse different filter topologies, in addition to a new control strategy that uses two-trap passive filter with shunt RC as active damper, in augmenting the Doubly Fed Induction Generator wind turbine during grid fault. Simulation studies in PSCAD/EMTDC were carried out to compare the performance of the proposed scheme with some other conventional filter solutions for the DFIG wind generator, during a severe bolted three-phase to ground fault. The simulation results demonstrate the improved performance and faster recovery of the wind generator variables after the fault considering the proposed filter scheme.
Evaluation of lethal control of introduced sugar gliders as a tool to relieve bird nest predation
Authors: Stojanovic Dejan , Owens Giselle , Heinsohn Robert
Published: December 2020

Lethal control of invasive mammalian predators can be controversial and is rarely a ‘silver bullet’ for conservation problems. Evaluating the efficacy of lethal control is important for demonstrating the benefits to threatened species are real and detecting unexpected perverse outcomes. We implemented a pilot study to evaluate if lethal control of introduced sugar gliders Petaurus breviceps can reduce the rate of nest predation on Tasmanian hollow nesting birds including swift parrots (Lathamus discolor). Using a before-after-control-impact design, we implemented a lethal control treatment whereby we attempted to remove sugar gliders from three treatment sites. In each time period across sites we monitored quail eggs in nest boxes to record predation, and used cameras to detect sugar gliders. We caught nine sugar gliders over three treatment sites. The model best supported by the data indicated an effect of site×time period on both egg survival and the rate of glider detection on cameras. There was no support for an effect of treatment on our data. We also recorded predation of a real swift parrot nest by sugar gliders at a treatment site where we recorded no predation of quail eggs. Our pilot study shows that at small scales, intensive lethal control of gliders yields low capture rates and no discernible effect on the metrics we measured. We conclude that alternative approaches to controlling the impact of sugar gliders, such as habitat protection, are critical in this study system before lethal control is widely implemented as a management tool.
Emotionality during and after the Commissions of an Offence: A Look at Offence-Related Shame and Intrusive Memories in Justice-Involved Adult Males
Authors: Mossière Annik M. , Marche Tammy
Published: December 2020

The limited research concerning trauma secondary to committing crime in justice-involved persons has been restricted to male forensic psychiatric and violent offender populations. We aimed to extend this by examining justice-involved persons’ memories about their crimes, and exploring factors involved in intrusive memories across offence types. One hundred justice-involved adult males completed a questionnaire package examining offence-related shame, guilt, instrumentality-reactivity, and memory characteristics. Forty-three percent reported intrusive memories of a crime they committed. These were experienced across all crime types, especially those with reactive elements. Shame was found to be the most significant correlate of intrusive memories over and above all other factors. While further research is needed (e.g., with justice-involved women), results are in line with theoretical foundations of posttraumatic stress disorder and shed light on psychological consequences of offending. The findings have implications for clinicians and researchers alike, in that intrusive memories and shame may be precipitating factors for related risk factors and would relatedly be worth considering when evaluating patterns of violence and creating relapse prevention plans.
ERCC1mutations impede DNA damage repair and cause liver and kidney dysfunction in patients
Authors: Apelt Katja , White Susan M. , Kim Hyun Suk , Yeo Jung-Eun , Kragten Angela , Wondergem Annelotte P. , Rooimans Martin A. , González-Prieto Román , Wiegant Wouter W. , Lunke Sebastian , Flanagan Daniel , Pantaleo Sarah , Quinlan Catherine , Hardikar Winita , van Attikum Haico , Vertegaal Alfred C.O. , Wilson Brian T. , Wolthuis Rob M.F. , Schärer Orlando D. , Luijsterburg Martijn S.
Published: December 2020

ERCC1-XPF is a multifunctional endonuclease involved in nucleotide excision repair (NER), interstrand cross-link (ICL) repair, and DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair. Only two patients with bi-allelic ERCC1 mutations have been reported, both of whom had features of Cockayne syndrome and died in infancy. Here, we describe two siblings with bi-allelic ERCC1 mutations in their teenage years. Genomic sequencing identified a deletion and a missense variant (R156W) within ERCC1 that disrupts a salt bridge below the XPA-binding pocket. Patient-derived fibroblasts and knock-in epithelial cells carrying the R156W substitution show dramatically reduced protein levels of ERCC1 and XPF. Moreover, mutant ERCC1 weakly interacts with NER and ICL repair proteins, resulting in diminished recruitment to DNA damage. Consequently, patient cells show strongly reduced NER activity and increased chromosome breakage induced by DNA cross-linkers, while DSB repair was relatively normal. We report a new case of ERCC1 deficiency that severely affects NER and considerably impacts ICL repair, which together result in a unique phenotype combining short stature, photosensitivity, and progressive liver and kidney dysfunction.