bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tumor recurrence and survival prognosis in patients with advanced gastric cancer after radical resection with radiotherapy and chemotherapy
Authors: Nie Shuang-Fa , Wang Chen-Yang , Li Lei , Yang Cheng , Zhu Zi-Ming , Fei Jian-Dong
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

Advanced gastric cancer is a common malignancy that is often diagnosed at an advanced stage and is still at risk of recurrence after radical surgical treatment. Chemoradiotherapy, as one of the important treatment methods for gastric cancer, is of great significance for improving the survival rate of patients. However, the tumor recurrence and survival prognosis of gastric cancer patients after radiotherapy and chemotherapy are still uncertain.

AIM

To analyze the tumor recurrence after radical radiotherapy and chemotherapy for advanced gastric cancer and provide more in-depth guidance for clinicians.

METHODS

A retrospective analysis was performed on 171 patients with gastric cancer who received postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy in our hospital from 2021 to 2023. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate the recurrence rate and survival rate; the log-rank method was used to analyze the single-factor prognosis; and the Cox model was used to analyze the prognosis associated with multiple factors.

RESULTS

The median follow-up time of the whole group was 63 months, and the follow-up rate was 93.6%. Stage II and III patients accounted for 31.0% and 66.7%, respectively. The incidences of Grade 3 and above acute gastrointestinal reactions and hematological adverse reactions were 8.8% and 9.9%, respectively. A total of 166 patients completed the entire chemoradiotherapy regimen, during which no adverse reaction-related deaths occurred. In terms of the recurrence pattern, 17 patients had local recurrence, 29 patients had distant metastasis, and 12 patients had peritoneal implantation metastasis. The 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year overall survival (OS) rates were 83.7%, 66.3%, and 60.0%, respectively. The 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year disease-free survival rates were 75.5%, 62.7%, and 56.5%, respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that T stage, peripheral nerve invasion, and the lymph node metastasis rate (LNR) were independent prognostic factors for OS.

CONCLUSION

Postoperative intensity-modulated radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy for gastric cancer treatment is well tolerated and has acceptable adverse effects, which is beneficial for local tumor control and can improve the long-term survival of patients. The LNR was an independent prognostic factor for OS. For patients with a high risk of local recurrence, postoperative adjuvant chemoradiation should be considered.
Influence of reduced-port laparoscopic surgery on perioperative indicators, postoperative recovery, and serum inflammation in patients with colorectal carcinoma
Authors: Wu Hong-Biao , Liu Dong-Fang , Liu Ye-Lei , Wang Xiao-Feng , Cao Yue-Peng
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

Conventional five-port laparoscopic surgery, the current standard treatment for colorectal carcinoma (CRC), has many disadvantages.

AIM

To assess the influence of reduced-port laparoscopic surgery (RPLS) on perioperative indicators, postoperative recovery, and serum inflammation indexes in patients with CRC.

METHODS

The study included 115 patients with CRC admitted between December 2019 and May 2023, 52 of whom underwent conventional five-port laparoscopic surgery (control group) and 63 of whom underwent RPLS (research group). Comparative analyses were performed on the following dimensions: Perioperative indicators [operation time (OT), incision length, intraoperative blood loss (IBL), and rate of conversion to laparotomy], postoperative recovery (first postoperative exhaust, bowel movement and oral food intake, and bowel sound recovery time), serum inflammation indexes [high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6)], postoperative complications (anastomotic leakage, incisional infection, bleeding, ileus), and therapeutic efficacy.

RESULTS

The two groups had comparable OTs and IBL volumes. However, the research group had a smaller incision length; lower rates of conversion to laparotomy and postoperative total complication; and shorter time of first postoperative exhaust, bowel movement, oral food intake, and bowel sound recovery; all of which were significant. Furthermore, hs-CRP, IL-6, and TNF-α levels in the research group were significantly lower than the baseline and those of the control group, and the total effective rate was higher.

CONCLUSION

RPLS exhibited significant therapeutic efficacy in CRC, resulting in a shorter incision length and a lower conversion rate to laparotomy, while also promoting postoperative recovery, effectively inhibiting the inflammatory response, and reducing the risk of postoperative complications.
Enhancing early grade reading development: A call for education reform and innovation
Authors: Negasi Reda Darge
Published: June 2024

Welcome to the May issue of Bahir Dar Journal of Education. The present issue is a special issue focusing on the theme "Early Grade Reading Development". In this issue, we present five research articles that examine crucial topics in early-grade reading development. Authored by a total of 13 scholars from four universities in Ethiopia and Norway, the articles provide a comprehensive exploration of the complexities surrounding early-grade reading. They also offer valuable insights into the multifaceted nature of this critical issue and shed light on the various factors that influence early-grade reading development in Ethiopia and beyond.
The influence of orthographic depth on early grade students’ reading of words and non-words in Sidaama and English
Authors: Demissie Samrawit Bekele , Ambaye Abraha Asfaw , Svanes Ingvill Krogstad
Published: June 2024

The purpose of this study was to analyse word and non-word reading among early-grade students of Sidaama and English, with a specific emphasis on the difference in orthographic depth between the two languages. The research has a convergent mixed methods design applying reading skills tests, interviews with teachers, and classroom observations. The results of the quantitative and qualitative analysis showed that student scores in Sidaama, which has a transparent orthography, indicated greater accuracy in both word and non-word reading compared to English with its deep orthography. Overall, students read words more correctly than non-words in both languages. Especially in English, the scores for non-words were very low. The results from the reading tests suggest that orthographic differences between the two languages caused challenges for the students when decoding words and non-words. The teachers confirmed the influence of these challenges in interviews, and students were observed struggling to read in class.
Developing young learners’ reading competence in Ethiopia: A critical review of the Ministry of Education’s guidelines for developing supplementary reading materials
Authors: Kame Samuel Belayneh , Tsegaye Mulugeta Tarekegne , Flognfeldt Mona Evelyn , Sandvik Margareth
Published: June 2024

This study presents a critical review of the official guidelines established in 2016 by the Ethiopian Ministry of Education offering detailed criteria for the development and selection of supplementary reading materials (SRMs) for primary school learners to enhance their reading competence. Despite interventions during the last couple of decades to enhance reading performance in Ethiopia, sufficient improvement has not been seen. The study examined the extent to which the Ministry’s guidelines are conducive to appropriate development of students’ reading fluency and reading comprehension with a focus on Grades 1–4. We analyzed the criteria in view of current research in the science of reading, building also on theories of multimodality and text linguistics. Findings show that the SRM selection and development guidelines align with a traditional simple view of reading (SVR). We argue that developing and selecting SRMs based on an active view of reading, highlighting a learner-sensitive affective dimension of learning, has the potential to make SRMs more motivating and thus more conducive to young learners’ reading development. With this perspective on the SRM guidelines, the article ends with a reflection on the potential pedagogical implications of these new insights as part of reading teachers’ professional knowledge base.
Hypoglycaemic and Hypolipidemic Effects of Alcoholic Extract of Common Sage (Salvia Officinalis) In Streptozotocin –Induced Diabetic Rabbits
Authors: Mokogwu A.T.H , Adjekuko C.O , Oshilonyah U.H , Ikpefan J.O , Eyenubo O.B , Avwioro O.G
Published: June 2024

The hypoglycaemic and hypolipidemic effect of alcoholic extract of common sage (Salvia officinalis) on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rabbits was evaluated. Twenty-five male rabbits were used and grouped as follows: - Group A- Diabetic control, Group B - Diabetic rabbits + glibenclamide (0.25 mg/kg), Group C - Diabetic rabbits + alcoholic leaf extract at 250 mg/kg and Group D - Diabetic rabbits + leaf extract at 500 mg/kg. Group E- served as normal non-diabetic control. The animals were given a standard diet and water ad libitum. Diabetes was induced in the rabbits by a single intra-peritoneal injection of freshly prepared streptozotocin 50 mg/kg b.w. followed by 120 mg/kg of nicotinamide in 0.1 M citrate buffer, pH 4.5 in a volume of 0.5 ml/kg b.w. Blood samples were collected on the 1st, 7th, 14th and 21st days from the marginal ear vein of the animals and analysed for blood glucose and lipid profile levels. The standard/investigational drugs treated rabbits showed a marked decrease in the level of blood glucose when compared with the diabetic control at a significant level of p < 0.001. The alcoholic extract of common sage leaf (at 250mg/dl and 500mg/dl) showed a significant decrease (p < 0.05) in blood glucose compared with the diabetic control rabbits. The administration of the leaf extract at 250mg/dl and 500mg/dl to the animals prevented gross alterations in the lipid profile levels
Relevance of monitoring and evaluation training practices on performance of NGOs employees in Uganda
Authors: Sadak Nur Warsame Ahmed , Thoronjo Erastus
Published: June 2024

This study examined the relevance of monitoring and evaluation trainings on capacity building and project performance of NGOs in Uganda. It was carried out using mixed approach with a descriptive survey method. An inferential and descriptive method of data collection, analysis and interpretation was used. A proportionate sampling method was used to cluster organisation members in groups. Primary data was collected with the aid of semi structured questionnaire with well-guided questions constructed based on the study objectives and research question put herein, and studying participant observations. The study utilized the use of both quantitative and qualitative approaches. Data was collected using structured questionnaires disturbed randomly based on proportionate sampling techniques. Descriptive statistics was used to analyse primary data based on the demographic set up of respondents. The study concludes that monitoring and evaluation training practices significantly enhance the performance of NGO employees in Uganda. These practices are effective and well-implemented, leading to improved project effectiveness. Skilled personnel benefit from clarified project tasks, enhanced teamwork, and greater stakeholder involvement. NGOs should invest in ongoing training programs for all staff involved in monitoring and evaluation (M&E) functions to ensure they remain up-to-date with the latest methodologies and tools. Since managers and program officers are already performing M&E activities well, it is recommended to integrate M&E training into the broader professional development programs for all employees to reinforce its importance and application across various roles.
Pricing strategies on brand performance: a case study of Safaricom limited Kenya
Authors: Abdi Yussuf Muhumed , Kilei Pearly
Published: June 2024

Pricing strategies are critical determinants of a company's market share, profitability, and overall competitive advantage. This study explores the impact of various pricing strategies on the brand performance of Safaricom Ltd, Kenya's leading mobile phone operator. The research aims to understand how differential, competitive, and value-based pricing strategies influence brand performance. A descriptive research design was employed, integrating both qualitative and quantitative methods. Data were collected using structured questionnaires from a sample of 219 respondents out of a target population of 430 management staff at Safaricom's head offices in Nairobi. The findings indicate that Safaricom's strategic approach to pricing significantly enhances its market dominance and brand loyalty. Specifically, the company’s focus on cost standards, competitive pricing, and periodic price adjustments based on operating costs has strengthened its brand perception and customer satisfaction. The study concludes that aligning pricing strategies with customer value perception is essential for sustaining high brandperformance. Recommendations include developing flexible pricing strategies tailored to specific market segments, continuous assessment of pricing strategies in response to market dynamics, and further research on the long-term effects of pricing strategies on brand performance in other sectors and regions.
Social Media and Political Communication in Ghana: Views of Inhabitants of Tema Metropolis
Authors: Yussif Ali Baba , Agyepong Lawrencia , Odoom Daniel , Tindi Stephen , Dick-Sagoe Christopher
Published: June 2024

Though political parties are increasingly adopting social media to increase voter support, the efficacy of social media campaign strategies  in enhancing political fortunes remains a subject of discussion in Ghana. This study explored the views of Ghanaians on the  use of social media campaign strategies as a political communication tool. In all, 384 social media users who are voters residing within  the Tema Metropolis participated in the study. Data was obtained using a questionnaire and analyzed descriptively. The study observed  that Ghanaian political parties have a strong presence on social media. Again, Ghanaian political parties effectively rely on social media  platforms to engage electorates. Also, they effectively use social media distribute creative and visually appealing contents about their  policies and achievements to the electorates. Further, they adopt campaign-specific hash tags which are creative, memorable, catchy, and engaging to help them to capture attention of voters. The study concludes by accentuating the need for political parties to employ social  media for constructive dialogue and engagement with voters to amplify the impact of social media campaigns on the political fortunes in  Ghana. Finally, practical implications of the findings have been provided to facilitate effective application of social media campaign  strategies for democratic governance.
Students and Lecturers’ Use of Reference Sources in TeachingLearning Process in a Higher Institution in Oyo State, Nigeria
Authors: Busari Ismail Taiwo
Published: June 2024

The study examined the use of reference sources in teaching and learning by the lecturers and students of Oyo State College of  Education, Lanlate, Oyo State, Nigeria. About three (3) objectives of the study were put forward while three (3) research questions were  also formulated to guide the study. Descriptive survey research design was employed in carrying out the study. The research instrument  used to gather data from the respondents was questionnaire. The target participants in the study were students and academic staff of  the institution surveyed. Total enumeration was made use of in selecting the lecturers who were 125 while stratified sampling technique  was used to select 291 student participants across 5 schools and various departments in the institution. Descriptive statistics comprising  frequency counts and percentage were adopted in analyzing the data collected. The study reported that the library did not have most of  the reference materials like almanacs, directories, gazetteers etc. It was also found out that lecturers used reference materials for  teaching and research purposes. Students hardly used the materials and those of them that did used them for learning and class  assignments. Some recommendations were made such as adequate funding of library be given priority and that efforts be made to  educate and enlighten the students on the significance of reference sources in teaching-learning process, among others.
Oral Findings in a Patient with Pompe Disease: A Case Report
Authors: AKINDELE Bimbola Opeyemi , OSIBOGUN Omolade Ademiposi , ABE Adesuwa , MAJEKODUNMI Adeola Rafeeat , ORENUGA Omolola Olubunmi , OREDUGBA Folakemi Adenike
Published: June 2024

Background: : Pompe disease, also called glycogen storage disease type II, is a rare metabolic disease due to deficiency of acid alpha-glucosidase enzyme leading to accumulation of lysosomal glycogen within the tissues. Pompe disease can be classified into infantile and late-onset according to the age of onset. Clinical features include cardiomegaly, muscle weakness, hepatomegaly, recurrent pneumonia and dysphagia. Orofacial features include facial hypotonia, midface hypoplasia and mandibular prognathism, macroglossia, gingival hyperplasia, taurodontism, fusion of primary incisors and delayed eruption.
Case Presentation: A 7-year-old boy presented with complaints of several missing teeth. On general physical examination, the patient was hyperactive with an ataxic gait. Intraorally, oligodontia of the primary dentition, macroglossia and mild ankyloglossia were found. An orthopantomogram, however, revealed the presence of permanent tooth buds. The patient was counselled and extraction of a mobile, necrosed and retained primary tooth (71) was done.
Conclusion: Effective diagnosis and treatment of patients with Pompe disease requires a multidisciplinary team approach.
Aménagement du territoire, un impératif à l’éclosion économique des milieux ruraux en République Démocratique du Congo
Authors: Kalume Diumba Freddy
Published: June 2024

L’aménagement du territoire en tant qu’outil de la gestion de l’espace, joue un rôle important non seulement dans l’amélioration des conditions de vie de la population par la construction des infrastructures nécessaires mais également dans la création de la richesse et la compétitivité économique surtout que le monde est réduit à un village planétaire grâce à la mondialisation où chaque acteur devrait jouer son rôle. Le territoire en tant que structure de base du développement et de la gouvernance devrait offrir un bon cadre de vie à ses habitants, surtout ceux vivant dans le milieu rural. L’aménagement du territoire entraine le développement rural par la valorisation des potentiels locaux à travers la création des activités économique sur base des ressources de chaque région.

Territorial planning as a tool for space management plays an important role not only in improving the living conditions of the population through the construction of the necessary infrastructure but also in the creation of wealth and economic competitiveness especially since the world is reduced to a global village thanks to globalization where each actor should play their role. The territory as a basic structure of development and governance should offer a good living environment to its inhabitants, especially those living in rural areas. Territorial planning leads to rural development by promoting local potential through the creation of economic activities based on the resources of each region.
Contestations des résultats des élections présidentielles en RDC 2006-2018
Authors: Mosango Wembia Albert
Published: June 2024

no abstract
Gastrointestinal parasites in Papio anubis (Olive baboons) of Yankari game reserve: Zoonotic concerns
Authors: Tamekloe SE , Pam G , Turshak L , Ukizintambara T , Okpanachi MI
Published: June 2024

The emergence and reemergence of zoonotic diseases from wildlife is a growing concern. In line with the One Health concept, which recognizes the interconnectedness of human, animal, and environmental health, it is essential to consider all these factors to achieve optimal health outcomes globally. This study investigated the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in Papio anubis (olive baboon) troops living in close proximity to humans. The Yankari Game Reserve, a wildlife park in Bauchi State, Nigeria, has diverse wildlife populations, including P. anubis. One hundred and fifty-one faecal samples from P. anubis were collected and examined using formalin ethyl acetate sedimentation and centrifugal flotation techniques, revealing the presence of ten (10) species of intestinal parasites, accounting for an overall parasite prevalence of 145 (96.03 %) in the observed population. The most prevalent parasite species among the P. anubis population was Entamoeba histolytica, with a prevalence of 106 (70.2%), followed by Entamoeba coli with a prevalence of 97 (64.2%). Anclyostoma spp. was the most common helminth species, with a prevalence of 73 (48.3%), followed by Strongyloides stercoralis with a prevalence of 58 (38.4%). The high prevalence of potentially pathogenic parasites, such as Anclyostoma spp. and E. histolytica, among the P. anubis population is of public health importance and underscores the need for further research to examine humans in close proximity with these animals for the presence of gastrointestinal parasites and compare for species similarities. The findings of this research may help to determine the likelihood of cross-species transmission which is critical to safeguarding both humans and animals as they share the same environment.
Management of cutaneous bovine papillomatosis in a year-old Sokoto Gudali heifer through marginal resection
Authors: Suka IA , Abdulrasheed A , Abdullahi N , Musa A , Balarabe AT , Umar M , Aliyu A , Alamin AU , Lawali YB
Published: June 2024

Bovine papillomatosis is an infectious viral condition with cutaneous oncogenic characteristics. The disease is caused by bovine papillomavirus. It is transmitted by vertical spreading, arthropod vectors, and direct skin contact. Understanding the type of tumor, its clinical stage, and anticipated biological behaviors are crucial factors in the surgical oncology approach. A year-old Sokoto Gudali Heifer weighing approximately 80kg was presented to the Veterinary Clinic Sokoto with complaints of head rashes that spread to other parts of the body. On clinical examination, there were numerous, varying-sized cauliflower-like outgrowths with offensive odor and fly swarm. Cutaneous bovine papillomatosis was diagnosed based on clinical findings and supported by histopathology, and the Heifer was scheduled for marginal resection of the tumor. The surgery was successfully conducted; the Heifer was discharged two weeks after the surgery. Marginal resection approach was used in this case report and it involves the complete removal of a tumor leaving only a microscopic lesion, and ivermectin injection serves as a successful adjunct therapy in the treatment of cutaneous bovine papillomatosis. Different levels of aggressiveness should be taken into consideration when managing this type of tumor.
Ankara Rifâî Âsitânesinin Âdâbı, Erkânı ve Zikir Tertibindeki Türk Din Mûsikîsi Uygulamaları
Authors: Akkuş Mustafa Asım
Published: June 2024

Bu çalışma Ankara’da kurulmuş bir Rifâî tekkesinin dinî mûsikî uygulamalarını konu almaktadır.1984 yılında Ankara’da Mamak ilçesine bağlı Araplar Köyü’nde kurulmuş olan tasavvufî hareketin ilk olarak tarihsel sürecine değinilmiş, akabinde kurucusunun hayatından bahsedilmiş ve tarikatın âdâb ve erkân konularına yer verilmiştir. Mûsikî ile ilişkisi de arşivler, mülâkâtlar ve gözlemler neticesinde tespit edilmiştir. Tekkenin zikir tertibine yer verilmiş ve zikir tertibindeki mûsikî unsurları üzerinde durulmuştur. Zikir tertibinde besmele, Kur’ân-ı Kerim tilâveti, salâvatlar, istiğfarlar, esmâlar, ilahiler, şuğuller, kasideler vb. mûsikînin olduğu bölümler tespit edilmiş ve notaya alınmıştır. Bununla birlikte tesbihatlara da ayrıca değinilmiştir. Meşklere de önem veren tekkede şuğul, ilahi, tevşih, nefes, mersiye vb. formlarda eserler kanun, ney, bendir, halile, erbane, kudüm gibi sazlarla beraber koral olarak icrâ edilmektedir. Yapılan bu çalışmanın problem durumunu “Ankara Rifâi Tekkesi’nin mûsikî ile zikir tertibi arasında bir uyum var mıdır?”, “Ankara Rifâi Tekkesi’nin Türk din mûsikîsindeki yeri nedir?” olarak belirlenmiştir. Araştırma nitel araştırma metotlarından kaynak tarama, veri toplama, karşılaştırma, örneklendirme yöntemlerine başvurularak hazırlanmıştır. Çalışmanın önemi ise Ankara Rifâî Tekkesi’nin dinî mûsikî unsurlarının çokça olması sebebiyle mûsikî açısından önem arz etmesi olarak belirlenmiştir.
Commentary on the Article: End-of-Life Decisions about Withholding or Withdrawing Therapy: Medical, Ethical, and Religio-Cultural Considerations
Authors: Tariq Rubab , Jamil Asifa
Published: June 2024

Background: In medical society, there are controversial issues that called withholding and withdrawing life support. Withholding life support is delaying the provision of new or advanced life support therapy without stopping ongoing life support therapy, and withdrawing life support is stopping some or all of the life support therapy given to patients. This decision was not only based on medical aspects but also related to bioethics and medico-legal aspects and presented moral dilemmas for healthcare practitioners. Maria Fidelis C. Manalo's article, "End-of-Life Decisions about Withholding or Withdrawing Therapy: Medical, Ethical, and Religio-Cultural Considerations," provides a comprehensive review of the complex considerations involved in making these decisions. Purpose: This commentary article aims to critically examine the ethical dimensions of resuscitation decision-making, particularly regarding Do Not Resuscitate (DNR) orders. Conclusion: The commentary advocates for a patient-centered approach to end-of-life care that integrates medical expertise, ethical principles, and cultural considerations. It emphasizes the necessity of proactive communication and advance care planning to ensure that patient's wishes are understood and respected, thereby mitigating potential ethical conflicts
TÜRKİYE’DE YENİLENEBİLİR ENERJİ TÜKETİMİNİ ETKİLEYEN FAKTÖRLER: TODA-YAMAMOTO NEDENSELLİK TESTİ
Authors: Atılgan Dilek
Published: June 2024

Yenilenemez enerji kullanımın neden olduğu çevresel bozulma nedeniyle yenilenebilir enerji tüketimi etkileyen faktörlerin araştırılması önemli konular arasında yer almaktadır. Bu bakımdan güvenilir ve sürdürülebilir bir enerji geleceği tartışmasında yenilenebilir enerji tüketiminin temel belirleyicilerini tespit etmek ve enerji politikası için sonuç çıkarımları yapmak zorunluluk haline gelmiştir. Bu araştırma, 1990-2015 döneminde Türkiye’de yenilenebilir enerji tüketimi ile gelir ve enerji ithalatı arasında eşbütünleşme ve nedensellik ilişkisini incelemektedir. Yenilenebilir enerji tüketimi ve ilgili değişkenler arasında uzun dönemli ilişki bulunmakta iken, nedensellik test bulguları gelirden enerji ithalatına tek yönlü, enerji ithalatından yenilenebilir enerji tüketimine, yenilenebilir enerji tüketiminden enerji ithalatına çift yönlü nedensellik ilişkisini göstermektedir.
Tratamento da cicatriz de acne: revisão sistemática da literatura
Authors: Cardoso Martins Fabiana , Vasco Pereira Gustavo José
Published: June 2024

Revisão sistemática da literatura médica sobre os tratamentos  da cicatriz atrófica de acne. A cicatrizes de acne podem ser classificadas de acordo com a profundidade e a forma da perda de colágeno em três tipos principais: Icepick, boxcar e rolling scar. Cicatrizes severas tem sido reportado em 30% dos pacientes, embora cicatriz leve e moderada tem sido reportada em até 95% desses pacientes e são prejudiciais ao bem-estar físico e psicológico onde vários tratamentos têm sido aplicados para cicatriz de acne e há relatos de eficácia utilizando esse tratamentos isoladamente ou associados. Fornecemos revisão abrangente do tratamento de cicatrizes atróficas de acne, incluindo terapias comumente utilizadas, bem como opções de tratamento mais inovadoras.
Philosophical Definition and Description of Crime
Authors: Iskandarovich Beshimov Bakhtiyor
Published: June 2024

Crime can be defined as any behavior that violates societal norms and is punishable by law. It encompasses a variety of acts that range from petty theft to serious offenses such as murder. Crime is not only harmful to the individual victim but also has broader negative consequences for society as a whole. There are many theories that attempt to explain the causes of crime, including psychological, sociological, and economic perspectives. These theories often focus on factors such as poverty, lack of education, substance abuse, and societal influences as contributing to criminal behavior. The impact of crime on society can be significant, leading to feelings of fear, mistrust, and insecurity among the population. Crime also poses challenges for law enforcement agencies and the criminal justice system in terms of prevention, investigation, and prosecution. Efforts to combat crime include a combination of law enforcement, social programs, and community involvement. These measures aim to address the root causes of criminal behavior and provide support for individuals at risk of engaging in criminal activities. This article examines crime as a complex and multifaceted phenomenon that requires a comprehensive approach to address. By understanding the causes and consequences of crime, society can work towards creating a safer and more just community for all.
From Fertilizer to Disease Control: Study of the Relationship between Fertilizer Applications and Bacterial Fruit Blotch Disease
Authors: Temel Işıl , Sunyar Büşran
Published: June 2024

In this research, the effects of different doses of nitrogen (Ammonium sulfate) and phosphorus (Triple superphosphate) fertilizers given in combination in melon cultivation on the growth of bacterial fruit blotch caused by Acidovorax citrulli were examined. The experiment was conducted with a randomized plot design that consisted of three replications. The study included recommended optimal doses, 25%, 50%, and 100% more than the optimal dose, as well as a control group that did not receive any fertilizer application. The findings of the study revealed that the application of the optimal fertilizer dose caused the least disease severity (27.78%), while 55.56% disease severity was determined in the pathogen (control) application only, while the disease severity was highest when the fertilizer dose was increased by 100% more than the optimal dose. The results indicate a direct association between the amount of fertilizer applied and the intensity of disease severity, where in a greater severity of disease is noted with higher doses of fertilizer.
Safety Measures and Risk Management in Agricultural Confined Spaces: A Study on Farm in Iğdır Province, Using Bow tie and Matrix Methods
Authors: Özbakır Okan
Published: June 2024

In agriculture, confined space operations present significant hazards and increased risks to workers and emergency responders. When designing training initiatives to reduce confined space fatalities, it is imperative to assess human characteristics such as skill levels, gaps in understanding and attitudes toward risk in order to formulate effective programs. The aim of this study is to determine the safety practices and risk levels of farm owners operating in agricultural confined spaces in Iğdır province. To accomplish this, the first step was to semi-quantitatively assess the risks that can occur when working in confined spaces such as manure and silage storage facilities using a five-tier matrix, and to visualize the results using a bowtie diagram. In these confined spaces, the lack of atmospheric conditions was identified as the greatest source of danger, and therefore, these risks were prioritized (l: 5, s: 5, RS: 25). The risk of fire and explosion, which can be caused by the presence of contaminants in such areas, was assessed as quite high (RS: 20). Structured protocols or comprehensive frameworks are essential for identifying and mitigating the risks inherent in indoor work environments. Currently, there is a notable lack of an organized and reliable methodology specifically tailored to assess and manage the risks associated with working in confined spaces in agricultural activities. Recognizing this deficiency, it is proposed to establish procedural guidelines aimed at preventing and managing the risks associated with confined space work within the agricultural domain. The methodologies employed herein combine concepts and requirements outlined in various regulatory frameworks governing safe practices in confined spaces, with the goal of facilitating both risk assessment and management efforts. In addition, it is suggested that the personal proximity of ranchers to potential injuries in the field may serve as a critical indicator for improving safe work practices and risk awareness. This approach has the potential to enhance the safety knowledge of owners and their perception of risk-taking behaviors, thereby reducing the likelihood of injuries associated with agricultural enclosures.
Current Understanding of Stem Cells in Oral and Implant Surgery- A Review of the Current Literature
Authors: IM Michelle
Published: June 2024

Background: Stem cells have provided promising potential for the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. However, their application in the context of oral surgery and implantology for rehabilitation of bony defects and nerve damage due to iatrogenic injury in the oral cavity remains widely unclear.

Aim: The purpose of this study is to review the current role of stem cells and their clinical implications in osseous defect regeneration and nerve repair.

Methods: Human studies based on systematic reviews in English were used to limit bias. Articles were searched on PubMed with key terms: (stem cells) and (oral surgery) and (regeneration).

Results: Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells injected into sites of horizontal bone deficiencies due to facial injury resulted in the reproduction of alveolar bone in patients undergoing future implant placement. Immunohistological findings from a human clinical trial showed that Periodontal Ligament-Derived Autologous Stem Cells (PDLSCs) demonstrated optimal regenerative capacity of PDL, alveolar bone, cementum and peripheral nerve, as well as improvement of intrabony defects through increased alveolar bone height and decreased depths of bony defects over time. Introduction of umbilical cord-derived stem cells into the oral cavity resulted in successful bone regeneration and reestablishment of lost tissue at sites of injury or pathology. Sensory testing and histomorphometric evaluation concluded that human PDLSCs injected into damaged mental nerves in rats led to enhanced sensory function, sensory neuronal activity and an increase in mRNA expression at the nerve growth receptor level after mental nerve injury.

Conclusion: The findings implicate stem cell therapy as a promising alternative to autologous bone grafting and a potential avenue for regeneration of iatrogenic nerve damage. Despite the need for more evidence-based support, their multipotent potential remains a hopeful turning point for multiple applications in oral surgery and implantology.
Bio-Medical Research on Response to Spaceflight for Emerging Civilian and Commercial Sectors in Cislunar Space, Mars and Beyond
Authors: Rappaport Margaret Boone
Published: June 2024

This review introduces an emerging commercial sector in cislunar space, which will soon extend to Mars, the asteroids and the moons of Jupiter and Saturn. Businesses will join state programs and provide opportunities for physicians and biomedical researchers to analyze data on the human body in space. With new capabilities at hand and with a concern for fairness, personal health and the goal of mission completion, physicians will be able to advise space travelers of their specific risks in microgravity. This review summarizes two lines of research, one very large and the other more limited. However, both will prove fruitful in preparing the larger numbers of civilians soon to enter space. Open access data available from the new Space Omics Medical Atlas (SOMA) will suggest remediations for specific groups, genders and risk profiles. Smaller studies will continue on the overall genetic and hormonal foundations of neuroplasticity in space, now in animal models and hopefully soon in humans. Of interest are the special abilities of the human species to adapt neurologically to a wide variety of environments, including exoplanets in other star systems. Here, existing remediations are summarized and experimental remediations for the future, described.
Solid Pseudo Papillary Neoplasm of the Pancreas in a 45-Year-Old Woman: A Case Report
Authors: HG Vinay
Published: June 2024

We present a distinctive case of solid pseudo papillary neoplasm as seen in a 45-year-old woman with no personal history of interest, presented with entire pancreatic tissue appears oval large globular mass measuring 12.0 x 8.0 x 6.0 cms. Pancreatic mass shows appear variegated with solid grey-brown areas, necrosis and hemorrhagic areas noted. Also seen are cystic areas with necrosis and mucin with Calcification. Spleen measuring 8.0 x 7.0 x 5.0 cms, the mass appears congested. Her symptomatology such as complaints like abdominal pain. It was discovered that she possessed a significant mass covering the pancreatic body and tail, exhibiting typical physical and histological characteristics. She subsequently had a successful surgery and she is currently in remission.
SOSYAL MEDYA KULLANICILARININ “YALAN HABER” NEDENİYLE ALMAN CEZA KANUNU (STGB) KAPSAMINDA SORUMLULUĞU
Authors: Ekici Meral , Erdem Dilek Özge
Published: June 2024

Günümüzde internet kullanabilen herkes sosyal medya aracılığıyla düşüncelerini açıklayabilmekte, bilgilerini başkalarıyla paylaşabilmektedir. Ancak bu paylaşımların doğruluğu veya etik kurallara uygunluğu ön denetimden geçmemektedir. Bu nedenle sosyal medyada “yalan haberler” hızla yayılabilmekte ve geniş kitlelere ulaşabilmektedir. Son yıllarda gerçeğe aykırı haberlerin sanal ortamda kontrolsüz bir şekilde yayılması, toplumun doğru haber alma ve güvenilir bilgiye ulaşma hakkını ihlal eden önemli bir probleme dönüşmüştür. Devletler bu problemle mücadele etmek, toplumun doğru ve güvenilir bilgiye ulaşma hakkını korumak amacıyla yasal düzenlemeler yapmaktadır.
Nitekim Almanya’da 2017 yılında yalan haber ve dezenformasyonla mücadele amacıyla “Sosyal Medya Kanunu (NetzDG)” kabul edilmiştir. 2021 yılında değişikliğe uğrayan Kanun’da, sosyal medya hizmet sağlayıcılarının rapor ve bildirim yükümlülükleriyle idari para cezası gerektiren eylemlerine ilişkin çeşitli düzenlemeler yapılmış, ancak sosyal medya kullanıcılarının cezai sorumluluklarına ilişkin özel bir hükme yer verilmemiştir. Münhasıran yalan haber yapma ve yayma eylemlerini cezalandıran bir düzenleme genel ceza kanunlarında da bulunmamaktadır.
Bununla birlikte yalan haber yapmak veya böyle bir haberi yaymak, Alman Ceza Kanununda düzenlenmiş olan çeşitli suç tipleri kapsamında cezalandırılabilir fiillerdir. Bu çalışmada yalan haber yapma veya yayma fiillerinin Alman Ceza Kanunu’nda düzenlenen suçlardan hangilerine vücut verebileceği ve bu fiiller nedeniyle sosyal medya kullanıcılarının cezai sorumluluklarının nasıl belirlenebileceği incelenmiştir.
Okul Öncesi Eğitime Devam Eden 60-72 Aylık Çocukların Uzay ile İlgili Düşüncelerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: Aygül Zekiye Kübra , Macaroğlu Akgül Esra , Pekçetin Melike , Kuş Dilara , Feyat Gülşah
Published: June 2024

Okul öncesi dönemde çocukların ilgi alanları çok geniştir. Uzay ise okul öncesindeki çocukların ilgisini çeken konulardan bir tanesidir. Bu kapsamda çalışmanın amacı, okul öncesine devam eden 60-72 aylık çocukların uzay ile ilgili düşüncelerinin sanat temelli eğitim araştırması yoluyla incelenmesidir. Veriler çocuklara “Uzay ile ilgili resim çizebilir misin?” yönergesine karşılık çizdikleri resimler, resimlerle ilgili bireysel görüşmeler ve bu resimlerle ilgili açıklamalar içeren odak grup görüşmesi ile toplanmıştır. Veriler MAXQDA programına aktarılmış ve açık kodlama yolu ile analizleri yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu, İstanbul Güngören ve Bağcılar’da bulunan iki orta ölçekli okul öncesi kurumdan 17 ve 20 çocuk olmak üzere toplam 37 çocuk oluşturmaktadır. Analizler sonucunda uzay ile ilgili çizilen resimler, kullanılan renkler ve geometrik şekiller açısından değerlendirilmiş, büyük çoğunluğunun uzay aracı ve astronota yer verdiği görülmüştür. Elde edilen bulgular çocukların gerek medya araçları gerekse ailelerin kendilerine sağladıkları imkanla uzay konusunda bir önbilgilerinin olduğunu göstermektedir.
O PREÇO NA CONTRATAÇÃO PÚBLICA: ESTUDO NO TRIBUNAL DE CONTAS DO ESTADO DE MATO GROSSO DO SUL
Authors: Tude Nakashian Plínio José , Yasmin Gomes Casagranda
Published: June 2024

O tema abordado no estudo é voltado para o preço na contratação pública, tendo como estudo de caso os processos de contratação do Tribunal de Contas do Estado de Mato Grosso do Sul entre os anos 2020 a 2022. A pesquisa realizada teve por objetivo analisar os processos de contratação do TCE/MS entre os anos de 2020 e 2022 (outubro), com foco na formação do preço e a proximidade com o preço do mercado privado. O método pode ser definido como uma análise de dados secundários extraídos dos processos de contratação do TCE/MS (2020-2022). Toda a pesquisa tem por objetivo responder de que maneira o TCE/MS pode contratar com preços próximos aos praticados no mercado entre os privados. A partir de então, foi possível constatar os principais fatores que levam à construção de um preço de referência mais eficiente, o que representa verdadeiro ganho para a Administração Pública, e, no estudo de caso, uma economia de R$ 6.204.659,18 (seis milhões, duzentos e quatro mil, seiscentos e cinquenta e nove reais e dezoito centavos) ao TCE/MS entre os anos de 2020 e 2022. A pesquisa traduz informações pertinentes para estudos futuros para a composição do preço referencial e todo o processo que o envolve.
CUSTOS DAS AÇÕES DE RESPONSABILIDADE SOCIAL CORPORATIVA REALIZADAS POR COOPERATIVA DE CRÉDITO
Authors: Guimarães Caroline Aparecida Lima , Oliveira Carlos Eduardo de , Oliveira Renata Mendes de , Prado Thiago Alberto dos Reis
Published: June 2024

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi identificar os custos das ações de Responsabilidade Social Corporativa (RSC) realizadas por uma Cooperativa de Crédito. A pesquisa descritiva utilizou dados primários e secundários de uma Cooperativa de Crédito situada no município de Ituiutaba/MG, obtidos do site da cooperativa, dos departamentos de Contabilidade e Recursos Humanos, bem como dos Relatórios Sistêmicos Gerenciais, referentes aos anos de 2021 e 2022. Os principais resultados apontam que a Cooperativa de Crédito pesquisada apresentou diversas ações de RSC nas áreas de Educação, Cultura e Esporte, Meio Ambiente, Saúde e Doações, que foram relevantes para a comunidade em que está inserida. Em relação ao total dos custos das ações sociais da cooperativa, pôde-se constatar que a Educação foi a ação social que recebeu mais da metade dos recursos, seguida de Doações e Saúde, podendo-se sugerir que a cooperativa pesquisada priorizou as ações sociais em Educação.
Ergänzung zur klassischen Bewegungstherapie: Exergames in der Onkologie
Authors: Jahn Patrick , Lau Andreas , Golla André , Heinrich Anna
Published: June 2024

Neben den etablierten bewegungstherapeutischen Angeboten zur Verbesserung der körperlichen Fitness von Tumorpatienten haben computer-, konsolen- und videobasierte Spiele neue Übungsmöglichkeiten eröffnet. Exergames – Computerspiele, die über Bewegungshandlungen der Spielenden gesteuert werden und somit moderate körperliche Aktivität und Spielerleben vereinen – sind eine von Tumorpatienten akzeptierte, motivierende Ergänzung des klassischen bewegungs- und sporttherapeutischen Supports in der Onkologie.
Auditing Services and SME Financial Performance: The Moderating Role of Information Technology
Authors: Gyamera Emmanuel , Eklemet Ivy
Published: June 2024

Abstract
According to numerous studies, small and medium businesses are more financially limited than large businesses due to the lack of audited financial accounts. This study investigates the effects of Audit services on SMEs' financial performance. As a result, to obtain the necessary data for the project, the study used a quantitative strategy and a survey method. The study's participants are registered SMEs from the Registrar General's Department. The sample size was determined using a list of 6,000 registered small and medium businesses. The SMEs were chosen through a systematic selection process and were given questionnaires. The PLS-SEM Software was used to analyse the data collected from the respondents. The findings indicate that the use of audit services results in the avoidance and detection of financial irregularities, resulting in an improvement in SMEs' financial performance. The study also found a positive relationship between information technology and the financial performance of SMEs.

Keywords: Audit Services, Small and Medium Scale Enterprise (SME), Financial Performance, information technology.
THE DESIGN OF AN INSTRUMENT TO ASSESS COGNITIVE LEVELS OF INFORMAL INFERENTIAL REASONING IN HIGH SCHOOL PHYSICS
Authors: Криспин Кастрехон Виктор Альфонсо
Published: June 2024

Informal logical reasoning (English Informal Inferential Reasoning, IIR) is a cognitive process, the main characteristic of which is to take into account the student's environment, informal and formal reasoning, and the latter, as a rule, is promoted in high school science courses such as physics, and in courses that are developed and consolidated during adolescence. The study aims to consider the construction of methods for measuring IIR with elements based on the educational goals of the Marzano and Kendall taxonomy, which are detailed in terms of the performance that must be achieved in each cognitive process. Similarly, the key concepts of physics are considered from the topics of Uniform Rectilinear Motion (URM) and Uniformly Accelerated Rectilinear Motion (UARM). The method was evaluated by 12 experts for understanding and relevance, and a pilot test was conducted with a sample of 212 high school students aged 15 to 18 years. The results showed the reliability and reliability of the method (V Aiken = .73) to evaluate the cognitive processes necessary for the study of physics. This experiment is a useful method for teachers who want to adapt the thematic content of the curriculum to gradually encourage cognitive processes, ranging from recall to analysis and use of knowledge.