VERIFICATION OF ANGIOPROTECTIVE AND ANTI–INFLAMMATORY PROPERTIES OF VACCINIUM MYTILLUS, VACCINIUM ARCTOSTAPHYLOS IN EXPERIMENT
Authors: Gabbasova I. V. , Sletova V. A. , Gandylyan K. S. , Loktionova M. V. , Saltovets M. V. , Bogatyreva I. V. , Ordashev Kh. A. , Sletov A. A. 
Published: November 2023

The dental system is a complex mechanism that includes a number of connective tissue structures that have specific properties and perform a number of functions, in particular, protective. One of the main barrier elements of the oral cavity is the mucous membrane lining it, throughout its length, having a different morphological structure. The most frequently pathological process is the periodontal tissue, which consists of attached and non-attached gums, bone alveoli, cementum of the tooth root and periodontal ligament of the tooth. At present, all periodontal diseases are usually divided into inflammatory and primary dystrophic, while a number of authors have found that in its pure form, the dystrophic process is detected no more than 1–8% of all diseases and is characterized as a generalised process against the background of general somatic pathology. The frequency of occurrence of periodontal diseases varies from 60 to 85% in the working population, which determines the relevance of studying therapeutic measures aimed at their relief and is the purpose of this study.

The aim of the study was to investigate the angioprotective and anti-inflammatory properties of Vaccinium mytillus, Vaccinium arctostaphylos in experiment.

Materials and methods. In this experimental work, the authors developed a model of periodontal damage in experimental animals (Vistar rats, weight – 25–300 g) under the conditions of drug loading with chloral hydrate, in accordance with the Directive on the Protection of Vertebrate Animals of 2000 and extracts from the act of Local Ethical Committee. The model was created by inflicting a single injury with a sharp object in the projection of the interdental space in the frontal segment of the mandible. The proper pathological condition was recorded on the 5–7th day; the verification of the morphological changes in some of the animals was being made by fragmenting the frontal segment of the lower jaw, followed by a pathological and histological examination. Then, the control group of animals was treated applied gel, made of Vaccinium mytillus, Vaccinium arctostaphylos to stop the process for 2 weeks. For comparison, the main group was treated with a gel without the inclusion of a drug component. At the end of the course of conservative therapy, according to the design of the study, biopsy specimens were taken again in both groups to evaluate the results of the conservative therapy provided.

Results. According to the patho-histological study in the biopsy specimens of the damaged periodontium, the animals, revealed morphological disorders corresponding to chronic periodontal disease. At the stage of treatment in the control group, positive dynamics was noted both according to the clinical examination and after the pathological and histological examination of biopsy specimens in the comparison groups.

Conclusions. The obtained results indicate the presence of anti-inflammatory and angioprotective effect of medicament compositions based on Vaccinium mytillus, Vaccinium arctostaphylos, which will be further tested in clinical trials.