bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On the Philatelic Circuit of the UNESCO Churches from Maramureș
Authors: Cioruța Bogdan-Vasile , Pop Alexandru Leonard , Coman Mirela
Published: December 2020

Maramureş region is often replaced by "the land of wooden churches" syntagm. Traveling through the villages from this region, it is easy to notice that most of the settlements have their wooden church, created by the local craftsmen. Eight of them were included in the UNESCO World Heritage, in 1999, and can be visited in Bârsana, Budeşti, Deseşti, Ieud, Plopiş, Poienile Izei, Rogoz, and Şurdeşti. Remaining in the same context, of the thematic field visit, to come to the aid of those who walk for the first time in these lands and inevitably need specialized information, a philatelic-tourist itinerary was proposed. Through this paper, the intention was to bring into discussion a series of philatelic effects (postage stamps, first-day covers - FDCs, illustrated postcards, maximum postcards, special and commemorative envelopes, etc), and to emphasize, in more detail, the cultural heritage associated with the religious buildings considered. Based on the observations made on the rich philatelic material identified (over 50 philatelic mentions), through various platforms with philatelic content (such as Colnect, Delcampe, eBay, Okazii, PickClick, Romfilatelia, StampWorld, wopa-plus, etc.) or benevolent collectors, a philatelic route could be made on the eight tourist objectives considered. It was also possible to highlight the role of ambassador that the thematic philately has in the promotion of cultural (ecumenical) heritage, as well as the visibility that UNESCO objectives have at national and international level.
Community Empowerment in Health: An Exploratory Study in Rural Community of a District of West Bengal
Authors: Mukhopadhyay Dipta Kanti , Mukhopadhyay Sujishnu , Das Nivedita , Sarkar Tarun Kumar , Akbar Fasihul , Das Palash
Published: December 2020

Background: Community empowerment is the process and outcome where community itself is able to identify, prioritize health problems and address them. It has been considered as the key strategy for scalability and sustainability of health services.

Objectives: To explore the status of community empowerment in health in rural areas in West Bengal, India and the interplay of different stakeholders.

Methods: A cross-sectional, qualitative study was conducted in 2017 – 2018 among the people residing in rural areas of Birbhum district in West Bengal, India who utilized the public health system (lay informants), formal and informal leaders of the community, community level health workers and peripheral health staff (key informants). Three community blocks, two sub-centers from each block and one village from each sub-center were selected randomly. In-depth interviews were conducted among 36 lay and 36 key informants using Laverack’s nine dimension model of community empowerment. Framework analysis was done to summarize data.

Results: Participation of people was restricted to awareness and utilization of existing health services. Unmet aspiration for greater participation was noted among a small section of the community. They were mostly fitted to the role of beneficiaries. Functioning of village level organization to promote communitization as envisaged in national health programmes was largely deficient. The community health workers acted as the most peripheral appendages of formal health system rather than the health activists to empower community regarding community’s health.

Conclusion: Although, every national health programme advocated community empowerment, the current status and the process of empowerment in health is in nascent stage.
Heading Back and Pinching Affects the Biochemical and Physiological Parameters of Annual Moringa cv. PKM-1 Leaves
Authors: Divyabharathi V. , Swaminathan V. , Paramaguru P. , Venkatesan K. , Anitha T. , Arumugam T.
Published: December 2020

A trial was conducted to assess the physiological and biochemical changes in M. oleifera (L.) Millsp.cv. PKM 1 induced by heading back and pinching treatments. Chlorophyll content, nitrate reductase content, soluble protein content and total phenol content were assessed after the new shoot initiated from heading back and pruning treatments before the flower initiation. Height and stage at which the apical growth was arrested significantly influenced chlorophyll, nitrate reductase, protein and phenol content in leaves. Heading back at 70 cm combined with pinching 100 days after heading back greatly influenced the physiological and biochemical factors except for soluble protein as it was increased by heading back at 30 cm.
Parametric Analysis of Autopilot Intelligent Robot (PIR) Using Multiple Surface Gradient Path MSGP
Authors: Abikoye Olanrewaju E. , Alabi Abdullateef O. , Yinusa O. Olaboye
Published: December 2020

Robotic application is taking new dimensions around the globe, of which numerous problems are solved with embedded systems, this research introduces gradient vertices method from 3D geometric to perform data capturing using kinematic effect with aid of autopilot Intelligent Robotic (PIR). The research considered Multiple Surface Gradient Path MSGP using Toyota Camry 200x chases model using DC motor Pulse Wide Modulation (PMW). The discretion only Multiple Surface Gradients, distance values and angular pivots with respect to time. The PIR hardware “Raspberry Pi 3B” as the target board is interface with modular peripherals, using python programming language. Auto pilot is archived using different surface gradients and the digital images obtained during experience are stored for further analysis.  The use of Tkinter GUI improved user experience in the extermination of the periodic oscillation, gradient values, proximate distance obtained by the PIR Final implementation. The deployment is completed by improvising a prototype model (PIR) suitable for Toyota Camry 200x. It is important to view it in the context of a larger community policing framework. PIR can be classified as intermission robot that can be used for different activities with the available feature kinematic system which make it relevant for multi-purpose activities.
Consequences of cement dust exposure on pulmonary function in cement factory workers
Authors: Shanshal Sadeel A. , Al‐Qazaz Harith K.
Published: December 2020

Background

Several health conditions are associated with cement dust exposure; obstructive and restrictive lung disorders are the most common consequences. The aims of this study were to assess the pulmonary function of cement factory workers and to determine the distribution of respiratory consequences resulting from dust inhalation.

Methods

A cross‐sectional study with convenience sampling was undertaken from December 2019 to March 2020. A total of 97 (response rate, 92.4%) nonsmoking male cement workers were recruited and compared with 97 apparently healthy volunteers. A spirometer was used to measure forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), and their ratio (FEV1/FVC). The measured parameters were interpreted according to American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society guidelines.

Results

Significant reductions were observed in pulmonary function parameters of cement factory workers compared to controls (FVC 4.03 vs. 4.65 L in controls; FEV1 3.06 vs. 3.95 L in controls; p < 0.001 for both comparisons). A significant variation was observed in the prevalence of spirometric patterns between the two participating groups. Ninety (92.8%) controls had normal respiratory function with no defects, compared with only 25 (25.8%) of the cement workers. Restriction was the most common respiratory problem, with a greater prevalence in the cement workers (44 [45.4%]) compared to six (6.2%) controls.

Conclusions

Cement factory workers showed decreased lung function and abnormal spirometric patterns which we attribute to dust inhalation. These workers should have periodic medical examinations and regular rotations through different factory departments to minimize the pulmonary hazards of cement dust.
Diastereoselective Rhodium‐Catalyzed [(3+2+2)] Carbocyclization Reactions with Tethered Alkynylidenecyclopropanes: Synthesis of the Tremulane Sesquiterpene Natural Products
Authors: Evans P. Andrew , Dushnicky Molly J. , Cho Dasol , Majhi Jadab , Choi Seulhui , Pipaliya Bhavin V. , Inglesby Phillip A. , Baik Mu‐Hyun
Published: December 2020

The development of a diastereoselective intramolecular rhodium‐catalyzed [(3+2+2)] carbocyclization reactions of allyl ester‐tethered alkynylidenecyclopropanes (ACPs) for the construction of the 5,7,5‐tricyclic scaffold of the tremulane sesquiterpene natural products is described. This work illustrates that the stereoelectronic nature of the phosphite ligand is critical for attaining high levels of stereocontrol, which is supported by density functional theory (DFT) studies that indicate the migratory insertion step favors the formation of the cis‐diastereoisomer. Consequently, several strategies were devised to access the thermodynamically more stable trans‐diastereoisomer for the synthesis of the tremulanes; however, the attempts to either switch the sense of stereocontrol in the carbocyclization reaction or epimerize the C7 stereocenter of the cycloadduct provided only modest improvements. Hence, we elected to highlight the synthetic utility of this strategy with the development of concise and highly efficient syntheses of (±)‐epi‐tremulenolide A, (±)‐epi‐tremulenediol A and (±)‐epi‐ceriponol D.
Ruptured caseous calcification of the mitral annulus
Authors: Allwood Richard P. , Bonacci Emma L. , McKinnon Erin
Published: December 2020

Mitral annular calcification (MAC) is considered a chronic and degenerative process involving the fibrous annulus of the mitral valve. The prevalence of MAC has been reported between 8% and 15%. It significantly increases with age, often seen in females, individuals with hypertension, chronic kidney disease and those with multiple cardiovascular risk factors. Caseous calcification of the mitral annulus (CCMA) (also known as caseoma) is a rare variant of MAC and should be considered in the differential diagnosis with other cardiac masses of the mitral valve.

An 85‐year‐old female presented for a transthoracic echocardiogram with a history of hypertension and a systolic murmur. The echocardiogram demonstrated a possible rare variant of MAC, with independent mobile echodensities identified. Further testing using transoesophageal echocardiography was used to confirm diagnosis and ensure appropriate clinical management was arranged.

This case demonstrated CCMA, a benign condition that can be mistaken for cardiac tumours, thrombus, vegetations or abscesses. A low prevalence has been reported between 0.06% and 0.07% and 0.6% of patients with MAC using echocardiography. Echocardiography can provide the initial diagnosis for identification and characterisation of MAC. CCMA appears as a calcified mass with an echolucent, liquid‐like inner part, located on the posterior mitral valve annulus. Acoustic shadowing is usually absent. Multi‐modality imaging can lead to an accurate diagnosis of CCMA without unnecessary interventions. Transoesophageal echocardiography provides further information on the site and composition of the internal material. Computed tomography (CT) and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can also be used, to confirm the diagnosis and to exclude other differential diagnoses.
Analysis of the Role of Plasma 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels in Survival Outcomes in Patients from the Phase III MPACT Trial of Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Von Hoff Daniel D. , Cridebring Derek , Tian Olivia Yu , Han Haiyong , Bhore Rafia , Franco Twyla , Ondovik Michael S. , Louis Chrystal U.
Published: December 2020

Background

We examined overall survival (OS) outcomes based on plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels in this post hoc analysis of the phase III MPACT trial of metastatic pancreatic cancer.

Materials and Methods

Patients were subdivided based on 25(OH)D level: sufficient (≥30 ng/mL), relatively insufficient (20–<30 ng/mL), or insufficient (<20 ng/mL).

Results

Of 861 patients randomized in MPACT, 422 were included in this analysis. In the all-patients group, the median OS among those with insufficient, relatively insufficient, and sufficient 25(OH)D levels was 7.9, 9.4, and 7.8 months, respectively. No statistically significant OS difference was observed with relatively insufficient (p = .227) or sufficient (p = .740) versus insufficient 25(OH)D levels or with sufficient vs relatively insufficient (p = .301) 25(OH)D levels.

Conclusion

No association was observed between plasma 25(OH)D levels and survival. Further investigations are needed to understand any role of vitamin D in pancreatic cancer. Clinical trial identification number. NCT00844649.
Benefit–Risk Summary of Nivolumab for the Treatment of Patients with Unresectable Advanced, Recurrent, or Metastatic Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma After Prior Fluoropyrimidine- and Platinum-Based Chemotherapy
Authors: Pelosof Lorraine , Saung May Tun , Donoghue Martha , Casak Sandra , Mushti Sirisha , Cheng Joyce , Jiang Xiling , Liu Jiang , Zhao Hong , Khazraee Maryam , Goldberg Kirsten B. , Theoret Marc , Lemery Steven , Pazdur Richard , Fashoyin-Aje Lola
Published: December 2020

On June 10, 2020, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved nivolumab (OPDIVO; Bristol Myers Squibb, New York, NY) for the treatment of patients with unresectable advanced, recurrent, or metastatic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) after prior fluoropyrimidine- and platinum-based chemotherapy. Approval was based on the results of a single, randomized, active-control study (ATTRACTION-3) that randomized patients to receive nivolumab or investigator's choice of taxane chemotherapy (docetaxel or paclitaxel). The study demonstrated a significant improvement in overall survival (OS; hazard ratio = 0.77; 95% confidence interval: 0.62–0.96; p = .0189) with an estimated median OS of 10.9 months in the nivolumab arm compared with 8.4 months in the chemotherapy arm. Overall, fewer patients in the nivolumab arm experienced treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) of any grade, grade 3–4 TEAEs, and serious adverse events compared with the control arm. The safety profile of nivolumab in patients with ESCC was generally similar to the known safety profile of nivolumab in other cancer types with the following exception: esophageal fistula was identified as a new, clinically significant risk in patients with ESCC treated with nivolumab. Additionally, the incidence of pneumonitis was higher in the ESCC population than in patients with other cancer types who are treated with nivolumab. This article summarizes the FDA review of the data supporting the approval of nivolumab for the treatment of ESCC.

Implications for Practice

The approval of nivolumab for the treatment of adult patients with unresectable advanced, recurrent, or metastatic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) after prior fluoropyrimidine- and platinum-based chemotherapy was based on an overall survival (OS) benefit from a randomized, open-label, active-controlled study called ATTRACTION-3. Prior to this study, no drug or combination regimen had demonstrated an OS benefit in a randomized study for patients with ESCC after prior fluoropyrimidine- and platinum-based chemotherapy.
Sixty seconds about each student–studying qualitative and quantitative differences in teachers’ knowledge and perceptions of their students
Authors: Jager Lieke , Denessen Eddie , Cillessen Antonius H. N. , Meijer Paulien C.
Published: December 2020

This study explored the content and nature of teachers’ knowledge and perceptions of their students. The knowledge and perceptions of seven Dutch secondary school teachers regarding the same 33 students in one second-year school class were studied. Each teacher was invited to tell (in 60 s per student) how he/she perceived and what he/she knew about, each individual student. Interview data were analysed using both qualitative and quantitative methods. Results showed within- and between-teacher differences in the content, amount and evaluative nature of their knowledge and perceptions. In addition, there were within- and between-student differences in how their teachers knew and perceived them. The results suggest that teachers’ knowledge and perceptions of their students varies per teacher-student combination and substantiate an interpersonal nature of teachers’ knowledge and perceptions. To understand the function of teachers’ knowledge and perceptions of students for teaching, future research should focus on how different knowledge and perceptions lead to differential educational trajectories for individual or specific groups of students.
Realism, reliability, and epistemic possibility: on modally interpreting the Benacerraf–Field challenge
Authors: Topey Brett
Published: December 2020

A Benacerraf–Field challenge is an argument intended to show that common realist theories of a given domain are untenable: such theories make it impossible to explain how we’ve arrived at the truth in that domain, and insofar as a theory makes our reliability in a domain inexplicable, we must either reject that theory or give up the relevant beliefs. But there’s no consensus about what would count here as a satisfactory explanation of our reliability. It’s sometimes suggested that giving such an explanation would involve showing that our beliefs meet some modal condition, but realists have claimed that this sort of modal interpretation of the challenge deprives it of any force: since the facts in question are metaphysically necessary and so obtain in all possible worlds, it’s trivially easy, even given realism, to show that our beliefs have the relevant modal features. Here I show that this claim is mistaken—what motivates a modal interpretation of the challenge in the first place also motivates an understanding of the relevant features in terms of epistemic possibilities rather than metaphysical possibilities, and there are indeed epistemically possible worlds where the facts in question don’t obtain.
When it comes to cyber security, ignorance isn't bliss – it's negligence
Authors: Sangster Mark
Published: December 2020

Given the rise of cybercrime targeting many small to medium-sized businesses (SMBs), the vast majority find themselves completely unprepared, having laboured under the misguided belief that they are too small to become a target of cybercrime. Rather than being too big to fail, they think they are too small to be noticed.

The rise of cybercrime targeting small to medium-sized businesses (SMBs) has left many of them unprepared, believing they are too small to be a target.

Most SMBs are left in the dark as to their actual risk and ignore the threat until it's too late. By failing to understand their true cyber risk, these firms often neglect their obligations and spending when it comes to preventing cyber breaches. One solution may be to turn to managed detection and response (MDR) providers, but this requires care, explains Mark Sangster of eSentire.
Nineteenth- and Early Twentieth-Century Representations of the Oberammergau Passion Play: Heredity, Eugenic Theatre, and “Epic Selection”
Authors: Groeneveld Leanne
Published: December 2020

The Oberammergau Passion Play became internationally famous in the latter half of the nineteenth century. Beginning in the 1840s and 1850s and through the early twentieth century, English-speaking foreign tourists from Ireland and the United Kingdom, the United States, Canada, and even Australia published a surprising number and variety of accounts of travel to the village and attendance at the Passion Play. Professional and amateur historians described the production as an evolutionary throwback or curious hybrid of ancient Greek and medieval theatre, regarding it as an object and event of antiquarian interest. Foreign female travelers attended the play in impressive numbers, and their accounts provide insight into contemporary women's readings of theatre, travel, spirituality, gender inequality, gendered spaces, and cultural difference. Protestant writers reflected uneasily on the play's communication of spiritual truth by means of images. And all of these accounts, whether published in the popular periodical press or as monographs, in turn encouraged increasing numbers of travelers to make the same journey—represented sometimes as a religious and sometimes as an artistic pilgrimage—to the isolated Bavarian village.
Processes of academisation in higher music education: the case of Sweden
Authors: Johansson Karin , Georgii-Hemming Eva
Published: December 2020

Higher music education (HME) in Europe is multifaceted due to the great variety of legal frameworks, conservatory histories and practices. However, following the Bologna declaration in 1999, traditional conservatories are gradually transforming into research-based institutions, which means combining advanced performer training with artistic research. After a background on academisation in the higher education of classical, professional musicians, this article reports on a Swedish case study of meanings assigned to academisation in HME. Findings show that it is defined and justified as a quality development project, which requires adaptation and also gives opportunities for further development. Issues of agency in HME are discussed.
ALLY, CLIENT, OR OUTPOST? EVALUATING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN XUNANTUNICH AND NARANJO IN THE LATE CLASSIC PERIOD
Authors: Awe Jaime J. , Helmke Christophe , Slocum Diane , Tilden Douglas
Published: December 2020

Investigations at Xunantunich indicate that this major Belize River Valley site rose rapidly to regional prominence during the Late Classic Hats' Chaak phase (a.d. 670–780). While the social, political, and economic reasons for Xunantunich's relatively late and rapid rise are still not fully understood, it has been suggested that this ascent was a direct result of either a patron-client relationship with, or owing to direct control by, the larger primary center of Naranjo in neighboring Guatemala. In this paper, we evaluate previous arguments for this proposed dynamic relationship between the two sites, and we discuss the political implications of more recently acquired data in our assessment of this relationship.
Drumming and Dancing in Mahābhārata Performances of the Himalayas: Possession as Transitional States
Authors: ALTER ANDREW
Published: December 2020

This article considers the nexus that exists between drumming, dancing, and possession within the Pāndavalīlā, and draws on the work of Judith Becker (2004) to interpret the performance of possession as a theatre of transition. Most notably, while drumming effectively inspires possessed states, these are of different kinds and different orders. Performances like those of the Pāndavalīlā rely not only on altered states of consciousness in some form, but also on the performance of those altered states of being. Consequently, a broader focus on the transitional stages of possession as outlined through drumming admits a wider acknowledgement of the different forms and purposes of possession. Critically, drum patterns offer a metaphor for understanding the numerous levels of transition that operate within a Pāndavalīlā.
Between a Rock and a Hard Place
Authors: Hofer Matthias , Tamborini Ron , Ryffel Fabian A.
Published: December 2020

Abstract. Applying logic from both the model of intuitive morality and exemplars and construal level theory, we examined the impact of baseline moral intuition salience and social distance on the moral judgment of a narrative character confronted with a moral dilemma. After completing a measure of baseline intuition salience, participants in an experiment first read an article about a fighter pilot who shot down a plane and then judged the pilot’s actions as morally right or wrong. The article indicated that the plane had been hijacked by a terrorist who wanted to let it crash into a nearby stadium, and that the pilot shot down the plane to save the spectators in the stadium. Participants were randomly assigned to read the article either as if they were the pilot (social distance low) or as objectively as possible (social distance high). Results showed that baseline intuition salience and social distance interacted in determining moral judgment. Finally, moral judgment predicted whether participants would find the pilot guilty or not. In a second study using the same design as in the first study, we ensured that readers focused on different aspects of the dilemma depending on social distance.
Correction: Optimization of the electron transport layer in quantum dot light-emitting devices
Authors: Zaiats Gary , Ikeda Shingo , Kamat Prashant V.
Published: December 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Creating a regular array of metal-complexing molecules on an insulator surface at room temperature
Authors: Aeschlimann Simon , Bauer Sebastian V. , Vogtland Maximilian , Stadtmüller Benjamin , Aeschlimann Martin , Floris Andrea , Bechstein Ralf , Kühnle Angelika
Published: December 2020

Controlling self-assembled nanostructures on bulk insulators at room temperature is crucial towards the fabrication of future molecular devices, e.g., in the field of nanoelectronics, catalysis and sensor applications. However, at temperatures realistic for operation anchoring individual molecules on electrically insulating support surfaces remains a big challenge. Here, we present the formation of an ordered array of single anchored molecules, dimolybdenum tetraacetate, on the (10.4) plane of calcite (CaCO3). Based on our combined study of atomic force microscopy measurements and density functional theory calculations, we show that the molecules neither diffuse nor rotate at room temperature. The strong anchoring is explained by electrostatic interaction of an ideally size-matched molecule. Especially at high coverage, a hard-sphere repulsion of the molecules and the confinement at the calcite surface drives the molecules to form locally ordered arrays, which is conceptually different from attractive linkers as used in metal-organic frameworks. Our work demonstrates that tailoring the molecule-surface interaction opens up the possibility for anchoring individual metal-complexing molecules into ordered arrays.
Publisher Correction: Adaptive modulation of brain hemodynamics across stereotyped running episodes
Authors: Bergel Antoine , Tiran Elodie , Deffieux Thomas , Demené Charlie , Tanter Mickaël , Cohen Ivan
Published: December 2020

A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-20571-9
Retraction Note: The association between early career informal mentorship in academic collaborations and junior author performance
Authors: AlShebli Bedoor , Makovi Kinga , Rahwan Talal
Published: December 2020

This article has been retracted. Please see the retraction notice for more detail: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-20617-y
The SARS-CoV-2 RNA–protein interactome in infected human cells
Authors: Schmidt Nora , Lareau Caleb A. , Keshishian Hasmik , Ganskih Sabina , Schneider Cornelius , Hennig Thomas , Melanson Randy , Werner Simone , Wei Yuanjie , Zimmer Matthias , Ade Jens , Kirschner Luisa , Zielinski Sebastian , Dölken Lars , Lander Eric S. , Caliskan Neva , Fischer Utz , Vogel Jörg , Carr Steven A. , Bodem Jochen , Munschauer Mathias
Published: December 2020

Characterizing the interactions that SARS-CoV-2 viral RNAs make with host cell proteins during infection can improve our understanding of viral RNA functions and the host innate immune response. Using RNA antisense purification and mass spectrometry, we identified up to 104 human proteins that directly and specifically bind to SARS-CoV-2 RNAs in infected human cells. We integrated the SARS-CoV-2 RNA interactome with changes in proteome abundance induced by viral infection and linked interactome proteins to cellular pathways relevant to SARS-CoV-2 infections. We demonstrated by genetic perturbation that cellular nucleic acid-binding protein (CNBP) and La-related protein 1 (LARP1), two of the most strongly enriched viral RNA binders, restrict SARS-CoV-2 replication in infected cells and provide a global map of their direct RNA contact sites. Pharmacological inhibition of three other RNA interactome members, PPIA, ATP1A1, and the ARP2/3 complex, reduced viral replication in two human cell lines. The identification of host dependency factors and defence strategies as presented in this work will improve the design of targeted therapeutics against SARS-CoV-2.
Engineered photo-chemical therapeutic nanocomposites provide effective antibiofilm and microbicidal activities against bacterial infections in porous devices
Authors: Lee Yu-Hsiang , Chiu Chen-Chih , Chang Chin-Yuan
Published: December 2020

The IRPNPs with photosensitizer indocyanine green (ICG) and antibiotics rifampicin (RIF) are able to destroy biofilms and eradicate bacteria grown in porous devices stepwise upon NIR irradiation.
HFIP-catalyzed direct dehydroxydifluoroalkylation of benzylic and allylic alcohols with difluoroenoxysilanes
Authors: Li Jinshan , Xi Wenxue , Zhong Rong , Yang Jianguo , Wang Lei , Ding Hanfeng , Wang Zhiming
Published: December 2020

Hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP)-catalyzed direct dehydroxydifluoroalkylation of benzylic and allylic alcohols with difluoroenoxysilanes is developed.
Synthetic heme protein models that function in aqueous solution
Authors: Kitagishi Hiroaki , Kano Koji
Published: December 2020

Supramolecular porphyrin–cyclodextrin complexes act as biomimetic heme protein models in aqueous solution.
Ru-catalysed C(sp2)–H vinylation/annulation of benzoic acids and alkynes: rapid access to medium-sized lactones
Authors: Hu Xiao-Qiang , Liu Zi-Kui , Hou Ye-Xing , Zhang Guodong , Gao Yang
Published: December 2020

A facile ruthenium catalysed [4+3], [4+4] and [4+5] annulation of structurally diverse benzoic acids with alkynes has been achieved, furnishing a wide range of seven-, eight- and nine-membered lactones in useful to good yields.
BaGe8As14: a semiconducting sodalite-type compound
Authors: Weippert Valentin , Chau Thanh , Witthaut Kristian , Eisenburger Lucien , Johrendt Dirk
Published: December 2020

The new semiconducting sodalite-type BaGe8As14compound exhibits a narrow band gap, low resistivity and partially disordered atom positions as good prerequisites for a thermoelectric material.
Enhanced photoluminescence and photocatalytic performance of a TiO2–ZnWO4 nanocomposite induced by oxygen vacancies
Authors: Liu Hainan , Zhao Xiaoru , Shen Hao , Hao Shenglan , Jiang Xianwu
Published: December 2020

We reported the enhanced photoluminescence and photocatalytic performance of a TiO2–ZnWO4 nanocomposite and discussed the mechanism behind the superior behavior in this study.
Porous urchin-like 3D Co(ii)Co(iii) layered double hydroxides for high performance heterogeneous Fenton degradation
Authors: Fazal Hira , Iqbal Asma , Cao Yucai , Zai Jiantao , Ali Nazakat , Zhang Yuchi , Wu Xiangyang , Zhang Xiwang , Qian Xuefeng
Published: December 2020

Heterogeneous Fenton processes can overcome the generation of iron sludge and the production of more solid wastes.
Suppression of isotopic polymorphism
Authors: Funnell Nicholas P. , Allan David R. , Maloney Andrew G. P. , Smith Ronald I. , Wilson Cameron J. G. , Parsons Simon
Published: December 2020

Crystallisation at pressure overcomes the effect of isotopic polymorphism in the methylpyridine pentachlorophenol co-crystal. Though the hydrogenated Cc polymorph can only be obtained at pressure, it is stable on recovery to ambient conditions.
Inhibition of chemical interaction of molybdenum and silicon in a Mo/Si multilayer structure by the formation of intermediate compounds
Authors: Filatova Elena O. , Sakhonenkov Sergei S. , Gaisin Aidar U. , Konashuk Aleksei S. , Chumakov Ratibor G. , Pleshkov Roman S. , Chkhalo Nikolay I.
Published: December 2020

In the present study, the formation of intermediate compounds in the Mo/Si multilayer was realized by the introduction of barrier layers at the interfaces.
Quantum spin Hall insulators and topological Rashba-splitting edge states in two-dimensional CX3 (X = Sb, Bi)
Authors: Wang Shan-Shan , Sun Wencong , Dong Shuai
Published: December 2020

Large-gap QSH insulators with topological Rashba-splitting edge states.
Dissociation of dinitrogen on iron clusters: a detailed study of the Fe16 + N2 case
Authors: Chen Bole , Gutsev Gennady L. , Sun Weiguo , Kuang Xiaoyu , Lu Cheng , Gutsev Lavrenty G. , Aldoshin Sergey M. , Ramachandran Bala R.
Published: December 2020

The coalescence of two Fe8N as well as the structure of the Fe16N2 cluster was studied using density functional theory with the generalized gradient approximation and a basis set of triple-zeta quality.
Electron transfers in graphitized HZSM-5 zeolites
Authors: Moissette Alain , Batonneau-Gener Isabelle , Hureau Matthieu , Pinard Ludovic , Vezin Hervé , Perdicakis Michel , Walcarius Alain
Published: December 2020

After adsorption of guest molecules in graphitized HZSM-5 zeolites, the charge separated states are stabilized and an electrochemical response is measured for the first time in these systems highlighting the role played by graphite.
Repurposing the HCV NS3–4A protease drug boceprevir as COVID-19 therapeutics
Authors: Oerlemans Rick , Ruiz-Moreno Angel Jonathan , Cong Yingying , Dinesh Kumar Nilima , Velasco-Velazquez Marco A. , Neochoritis Constantinos G. , Smith Jolanda , Reggiori Fulvio , Groves Matthew R. , Dömling Alexander
Published: December 2020

α-Ketoamide HCV protease inhibitors covalently bind to SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro. Boceprevir is a particular promising repurposed drug as it potently inhibits cellular viral proliferation.
Biomaterial-mediated internal radioisotope therapy
Authors: Pei Pei , Liu Teng , Shen Wenhao , Liu Zhuang , Yang Kai
Published: December 2020

Radiation therapy (RT), including external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) and internal radioisotope therapy (RIT), has been an indispensable strategy for cancer therapy in clinical practice in recent years.
Dynamics in hydrated inorganic nanotubes studied by neutron scattering: towards nanoreactors in water
Authors: Le Caër Sophie , Pignié Marie-Claire , Berrod Quentin , Grzimek Veronika , Russina Margarita , Carteret Cédric , Thill Antoine , Zanotti Jean-Marc , Teixeira José
Published: December 2020

The interior of hydrophobic inorganic nanotubes is a favorable place for nanoconfined chemical reactions, contrary to water-filled hydrophilic nanotubes.
Dendronized vesicles: formation, self-organization of dendron-grafted amphiphiles and stability
Authors: Banerjee Akash , Tam Acacia , Dutt Meenakshi
Published: December 2020

The impact of dendron generation and concentration on nanoparticles encompassing dendron-grafted amphiphiles along with the mechanisms underlying the stability of these nanoparticles are investigated.
The role of 3-OH in the self-assembly of pharmaceutical cocrystals of dihydroflavonol with 4,4′-bipyridine
Authors: Liu Lixin , Liu Moqi , Zhang Yunan , Yin Hemei , Su Xin , Zhang Qiang , Feng Yanru , Guo Yingxue , Zou Dongyu , Liu Yingli
Published: December 2020

The 3-OH group of nonplanar dihydroflavonols participates in the formation of hydrogen bonds with BPY, thereby forming cocrystals with different structures.
Friction between soft contacts at nanoscale on uncoated and protein-coated surfaces
Authors: Liamas Evangelos , Connell Simon D. , Zembyla Morfo , Ettelaie Rammile , Sarkar Anwesha
Published: December 2020

The influence of elastic modulus on the frictional properties of bio-relevant surfaces at the nanoscale is investigated. The results highlight the importance of selecting model systems that match the mechanical properties of the system of interest.
Unprecedented enhancement of wear resistance for epoxy-resin graphene composites
Authors: Zhang Zhenyu , Du Yuefeng , Zhu Chunhua , Guo Liangchao , Lu Yao , Yu Jinhong , Parkin Ivan P. , Zhao Junhua , Guo Dongming
Published: December 2020

Epoxy resins (ERs) have extraordinary mechanical, electrical and chemical properties, and are widely used in the aerospace, electronics and marine industries.
Reactivity of poly(alkoxycarbonylmethylene)s under basic conditions: alkylation of main chain carbon atoms via a ketene silyl acetal-type intermediate and cleavage of the carbon–carbon main chain
Authors: Shimomoto Hiroaki , Tsunematsu Shogo , Itoh Tomomichi , Ihara Eiji
Published: December 2020

We report the alkylation of main chain carbon atoms and cleavage of the carbon–carbon main chain of poly(alkoxycarbonylmethylene)s.
Highly-magnetic mineral protein–tannin vehicles with anti-breast cancer activity
Authors: Demina Polina A. , Abalymov Anatolii A. , Voronin Denis V. , Sadovnikov Alexandr V. , Lomova Maria V.
Published: December 2020

Anticancer submicron hybrid highly saturated magnetic vehicles were obtained and characterized by brillouin light scattering technique. Obtained vehicles provided effective encapsulation of doxorubicin and mitoxantrone and showed a cytostatic effect on the cancer breast cells culture.
Recent advances in the asymmetric transformations of achiral cyclohexadienones
Authors: Chen Bo , He Cheng-Yu , Chu Wen-Dao , Liu Quan-Zhong
Published: December 2020

This review describes recent developments in the asymmetric transformations of achiral cyclohexadienones, including enantioselective desymmetrization of prochiral cyclohexadienones and kinetic resolution of racemic cyclohexadienones.
Visible-light-induced metal-free cascade cyclization of N-arylpropiolamides to 3-phosphorylated, trifluoromethylated and thiocyanated azaspiro[4.5]trienones
Authors: Zeng Fan-Lin , Chen Xiao-Lan , Sun Kai , Zhu Hu-Lin , Yuan Xiao-Ya , Liu Yan , Qu Ling-Bo , Zhao Yu-Fen , Yu Bing
Published: December 2020

Photocatalytic strategies for the preparation of 3-functionalized azaspiro[4.5]trienones via a radical-initiated cascade annulation reaction was developed.
Electrochemical performance of porous Ni-alloy electrodes for hydrogen evolution reaction from seawater electrolysis
Authors: Wu Liang , Yang Ge , Li Zhuo , Xiao Yifeng , Qian Jinwen , Zhang Qiankun , Huang Jiajia
Published: December 2020

The hydrogen evolution reaction in seawater is investigated using porous Ni–Cr–Fe, Ni–Fe–Mo, Ni–Fe–C and Ni–Ti electrodes, prepared by elemental powder reactive synthesis methods.
Flavonoids from duckweeds: potential applications in the human diet
Authors: Pagliuso Débora , Palacios Jara Carmen Eusebia , Grandis Adriana , Lam Eric , Pena Ferreira Marcelo José , Buckeridge Marcos Silveira
Published: December 2020

Duckweeds are the smallest free-floating flowering aquatic plants.
A simple colorimetric and ratiometric fluoride ion probe with large color change
Authors: Shi Heng , Chen Hongjin , Li Xiangguo , Xing Jieni , Zhang Gang , Zhang Rui , Liu Jian
Published: December 2020

Two colorimetric and ratiometric fluoride ion probes SHJ-1 and SHJ-2 based on the acylhydrazone skeleton have been developed.
Investigation of PEG/mixed metal oxides as a new form-stable phase change material for thermoregulation and improved UV ageing resistance of bitumen
Authors: Zhu Suhong , Ji Tao , Niu Dongyu , Yang Zhengxian
Published: December 2020

As a new performance-enhancing additive, PEG/MMO PCM is expected to be effective in regulating extreme temperature and resisting UV aging of bitumen binder and thus could significantly extend the service life of bitumen pavement.
A novel fabrication technique for high-aspect-ratio nanopillar arrays for SERS application
Authors: Duan Tianli , Gu Chenjie , Ang Diing Shenp , Xu Kang , Liu Zhihong
Published: December 2020

A novel technique is demonstrated for the fabrication of silicon nanopillar arrays with high aspect ratios.
Profile of the main bioactive compounds and in vitro biological activity of different solvent extracts from Ginkgo biloba exocarp
Authors: Cui Na , Zhang Liangliang , Quan Meiping , Xu Jianguo
Published: December 2020

The extraction solvents had significant effects on total phenolics and flavonoids content in extracts from Ginkgo biloba exocarp.
Desmoschinensisflavones A and B, two rare flavones having a hybrid benzyl benzoate ester-flavone structural framework from Desmos chinensis Lour
Authors: Polbuppha Isaraporn , Suthiphasilp Virayu , Maneerat Tharakorn , Charoensup Rawiwan , Limtharakul Thunwadee , Cheenpracha Sarot , Pyne Stephen G. , Laphookhieo Surat
Published: December 2020

Two rare flavones having a hybrid benzyl benzoate ester-flavone structural framework, desmoschinensisflavones A and B (1 and 2), together with 12 known compounds (3–14) were isolated from Desmos chinensis (red flower).
Accelerated reactions of amines with carbon dioxide driven by superacid at the microdroplet interface
Authors: Huang Kai-Hung , Wei Zhenwei , Cooks R. Graham
Published: December 2020

Microdroplets display distinctive interfacial chemistry, manifested as accelerated reactions relative to those observed for the same reagents in bulk.
Synthesis and characterization of carbene derivatives of Th@C3v(8)-C82 and U@C2v(9)-C82: exceptional chemical properties induced by strong actinide–carbon cage interaction
Authors: Liu Xinye , Li Bo , Yang Wei , Yao Yang-Rong , Yang Le , Zhuang Jiaxin , Li Xiaomeng , Jin Peng , Chen Ning
Published: December 2020

Photochemical reaction of Th@C3v(8)-C82 and U@C2v(9)-C82 with 2-adamantane-2,3′-[3H]-diazirine (AdN2, 1) afforded three isomers of Th@C3v(8)-C82Ad and four isomers of U@C2v(9)-C82Ad (Ad = adamantylidene), respectively.
Oxide-based precious metal-free electrocatalysts for anion exchange membrane fuel cells: from material design to cell applications
Authors: Tang Jiayi , Su Chao , Zhong Yijun , Shao Zongping
Published: December 2020

We summarize the recent developments of oxide-based electrocatalysts for electrode reactions in anion exchange membrane fuel cells. Their synthesis, morphology, structure, surface properties and applications are reviewed.
Vanadium oxide integrated on hierarchically nanoporous copper for efficient electroreduction of CO2 to ethanol
Authors: Yang Qingcheng , Liu Xunlin , Peng Wei , Zhao Yang , Liu Zhixiao , Peng Ming , Lu Ying-Rui , Chan Ting-Shan , Xu Xiandong , Tan Yongwen
Published: December 2020

The np-Cu@VO2-5% hybrid electrocatalyst enables a 30.1% faradaic efficiency for ethanol production and an ethanol current density of −16 mA cm−2 at −0.62 V vs. RHE, corresponding to a 4-fold increase in activity compared to bare nanoporous Cu.
Harnessing synchronous photothermal and photocatalytic effects of cryptomelane-type MnO2 nanowires towards clean water production
Authors: Chen Bolei , Zhang Xing , Xia Yu , Liu Guangliang , Sang Hongqian , Liu Yumin , Yuan Jikang , Liu Jingfu , Ma Chunyan , Liang Yong , Song Maoyong , Jiang Guibin
Published: December 2020

A solar steam generator based on MnO2, exhibiting synergistic photothermal, photocatalytic and photothermal-catalytic effects under irradiation of full solar spectrum.
Catalytic mechanism and design principle of coordinately unsaturated single metal atom-doped covalent triazine frameworks with high activity and selectivity for CO2electroreduction
Authors: Gong Lele , Wang Xiaowei , Zheng Tao , Liu Jerry , Wang Jie , Yang Yu-Chia , Zhang Jing , Han Xiao , Zhang Lipeng , Xia Zhenhai
Published: December 2020

Electrochemical conversion of CO2to fuels needs highly active electrocatalysts. We establish the design principles to screen the best catalysts from the family of coordinately unsaturated/saturated transition metal covalent organic frameworks.
Boosting the thermoelectric performance of p-type polycrystalline SnSe with high doping efficiency via precipitation design
Authors: Li Chengjun , Peng Kunling , Wu Hong , Li Nanhai , Zhang Bin , Wang Guiwen , Gong Xiangnan , Lu Xu , Wang Guoyu , Zhou Xiaoyuan
Published: December 2020

High performance was achieved in polycrystalline SnSe via optimizing electrical transport properties and microstructure design.
Copper-doped metal–organic frameworks for the controlled generation of nitric oxide from endogenous S-nitrosothiols
Authors: Zhou Yingzhu , Yang Tao , Namivandi-Zangeneh Rashin , Boyer Cyrille , Liang Kang , Chandrawati Rona
Published: December 2020

We report the synthesis of a catalyst, copper-doped zeolitic imidazolate framework ZIF-8, that generates nitric oxide from naturally occurring endogenous nitric oxide donors, S-nitrosoglutathione and S-nitrosocysteine.
Specificity of using wireless technologies in Earth remote sensing
Authors: Kazakov Michail , Kazakov Fedor , Sirotinina Natalia
Published: December 2020

The article discusses an approach to organizing the interaction of nodes of spacecraft onboard data transmission networks based on wireless communication technologies. The main quality indicators and requirements for traffic control in on-board networks are formulated taking into account the peculiarities of the wireless network nodes interaction. The results of modeling various algorithms of transmission medium access control for one of the common protocols for organizing wireless networks (IEEE 802.15.4) are presented..
Computational Probabilistic Analysis and Transformation Method in the Earth Remote Research
Authors: Dobronets Boris , Popova Olga , Merko Alexey
Published: December 2020

The article deals with the issues of numerical modeling of problems with random input data. Finding the joint probability density function of the vector of output parameters is considered. It is proposed to use computational probabilistic analysis and the transformation method. A numerical example of the joint probability density function of the vector of a solution of a system of nonlinear equations with random input data is given.
About the geographic grid of the three-dimensional hypersphere
Authors: Kim Pavel
Published: December 2020

According to the Poincaré conjecture (1904) proved by Grigory Perelman (2002-2003) that any simply connected compact three- dimensional manifold without edges is homeomorphic to a three- dimensional hypersphere [1], to solve the problems of visualizing four- dimensional objects in three-dimensional space [2], it is proposed to choose a suitable manifold, in in this case, a ball, establishing a homeomorphism between objects located in different spaces by technological means of cartography. As a result of this work, it seems possible to build a dynamic video of the population distribution process on a map of the globe, which provides informational four-dimensional data flow, following the ideas embodied in 4D Anatomy [3]. The proposed technology opens up new ways of visualizing four-dimensional space This work was performed within the framework of the state assignment of the ICM MG SB RAS (project 0315-2019-0003).