bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lena River biogeochemistry captured by a 4.5-year high-frequency sampling program
Authors: Juhls Bennet , Morgenstern Anne , Hölemann Jens , Eulenburg Antje , Heim Birgit , Miesner Frederieke , Grotheer Hendrik , Mollenhauer Gesine , Meyer Hanno , Erkens Ephraim , Gehde Felica Yara , Antonova Sofia , Chalov Sergey , Tereshina Maria , Erina Oxana , Fingert Evgeniya , Abramova Ekaterina , Sanders Tina , Lebedeva Liudmila , Torgovkin Nikolai , Maksimov Georgii , Povazhnyi Vasily , Gonçalves-Araujo Rafael , Wünsch Urban , Chetverova Antonina , Opfergelt Sophie , Overduin Pier Paul
Published: January 2025

Abstract. The Siberian Arctic is warming rapidly, causing permafrost to thaw and altering the biogeochemistry of aquatic environments, with cascading effects on the coastal and shelf ecosystems of the Arctic Ocean. The Lena River, one of the largest Arctic rivers, drains a catchment dominated by permafrost. Baseline discharge biogeochemistry data are necessary to understand present and future changes in land-to-ocean fluxes. Here, we present a high-frequency 4.5-year-long dataset from a sampling program of the Lena River's biogeochemistry, spanning April 2018 to August 2022. The dataset comprises 587 sampling events and measurements of various parameters, including water temperature, electrical conductivity, stable oxygen and hydrogen isotopes, dissolved organic carbon concentration and 14C, colored and fluorescent dissolved organic matter, dissolved inorganic and total nutrients, and dissolved elemental and ion concentrations. Sampling consistency and continuity and data quality were ensured through simple sampling protocols, real-time communication, and collaboration with local and international partners. The data are available as a collection of datasets separated by parameter groups and periods at https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.913197 (Juhls et al., 2020b). To our knowledge, this dataset provides an unprecedented temporal resolution of an Arctic river's biogeochemistry. This makes it a unique baseline on which future environmental changes, including changes in river hydrology, at temporal scales from precipitation event to seasonal to interannual can be detected.
The Modular and Integrated Data Assimilation System at Environment and Climate Change Canada (MIDAS v3.9.1)
Authors: Buehner Mark , Caron Jean-Francois , Lapalme Ervig , Caya Alain , Du Ping , Rochon Yves , Skachko Sergey , Bani Shahabadi Maziar , Heilliette Sylvain , Deshaies-Jacques Martin , Chang Weiguang , Sitwell Michael
Published: January 2025

Abstract. The Modular and Integrated Data Assimilation System (MIDAS) software (version 3.9.1) is described in terms of its range of functionality, modular software design, parallelization strategy, and current uses within real-time operational and experimental systems. MIDAS is developed at Environment and Climate Change Canada for both operational and research applications, including all atmospheric data assimilation (DA) elements of the Canadian operational numerical weather prediction systems. The described version of MIDAS is part of the Canadian prediction systems that became operational in June 2024. The software is designed to be sufficiently general to enable other DA applications, including atmospheric constituents (e.g. ozone), sea ice, and sea surface temperature. In addition to describing the current MIDAS applications, a sample of the results from these systems is presented to demonstrate their performance in comparison with either systems from before the switch to using MIDAS software or similar systems at other numerical weather prediction (NWP) centres. The modular software design also allows the code that implements high-level components (e.g. observation operators, error covariance matrices, state vectors) to easily be used in many different ways depending on the application, such as for both variational and ensemble DA algorithms, for estimating the observation impact on short-term forecasts, and for performing various observation pre-processing procedures. The use of a single common DA software package for multiple components of the Earth system provides both practical and scientific benefits, including the facilitation of future research on DA approaches that explicitly include the coupled connections between multiple Earth system components. To this end, work is currently underway to allow the use of MIDAS DA algorithms for initializing both deterministic and ensemble three-dimensional ocean model forecasts.
Optimized step size control within the Rosenbrock solvers for stiff chemical ODE systems in KPP version 2.2.3_rs4
Authors: Dreger Raphael , Kirfel Timo , Pozzer Andrea , Rosanka Simon , Sander Rolf , Taraborrelli Domenico
Published: January 2025

Abstract. Numerical integration of multiphase chemical kinetics in atmospheric models is challenging. The underlying system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) is stiff and thus difficult to solve. Rosenbrock solvers are a popular choice for such tasks. These solvers provide the desired stability and accuracy of results at an affordable yet large computational cost. The latter is crucially dependent on the efficiency of the step size control. Our analysis indicates that the local error, which is the key factor for the step size selection, is often overestimated, leading to very small sub-steps. In this study, we optimized the first-order step size controller most commonly employed in Rosenbrock solvers. Furthermore, we compared its efficiency to a second-order step size controller. We assessed the performance of the controllers in both a box and a global model for very stiff ODEs. Significant reductions of the computation time were accomplished with only marginal deviations in the results compared to the standard first-order controller. This was achieved not only for gas-phase chemistry but also for the more complex aqueous-phase chemistry in cloud droplets and deliquescent aerosols. Depending on the selected chemical mechanism, significant improvements were already achieved by simply adjusting heuristic parameters of the default controller. However, especially for the global model, the best results were achieved with the second-order controller, which reduced the number of function evaluations by 43 %, 27 % and 16 % for gas-phase, cloud and aerosol chemistry, respectively. The overall computational time was reduced by over 11 % while requiring only minimal adjustments to the original code. Analysis of a 1-year integration period showed that with the second-order controller, the deviations from the reference simulation stays below 1 % for the main tropospheric oxidants. The results presented here show the possibility of more efficient atmospheric chemistry simulations without compromising accuracy.
Impacts of Inter-basin Water Diversion Projects on the Feedback Loops of Water Supply-Hydropower Generation-Environment Conservation Nexus
Authors: Wang Jiaoyang , Liu Dedi , Guo Shenglian , Xiong Lihua , Liu Pan , Chen Hua , Chen Jie , Yin Jiabo , Zhang Yuling
Published: January 2025

Abstract. To balance water resource distribution among different areas, inter-basin water diversion projects (IWDPs) have been constructed around world. The unclear feedback loops of water supply-hydropower generation-environmental conservation (SHE) nexus with IWDPs increase the uncertainty in the rational scheduling of water resources for the water receiving and water donation areas. To address the different impacts of IWDPs on the dynamic SHE nexus and explore collaborative states, a framework was proposed to identify these impacts across the multiple temporal and spatial scales in a reservoirs group. The proposed approach was applied to the Hanjiang River Basin (HRB) in China as a case study. Multiple temporal and spatial scales runoffs from HRB were provided through the Variable Infiltration Capacity hydrological (VIC) model. And multi-level ecological flows and their corresponding multi-level ecological flow standards were also determined by the Modified Tennant Method Based on Multilevel Habitat Conditions (MTMMHC) method. 30 scenarios were set and modeled in a multisource input-output reservoir generalization model. Differences between scenarios were quantified with a response ratio indicator. The results indicated that: there are negative feedbacks between water supply (S) and hydropower generation (H), between S and environmental conservation (E) while positive feedbacks between H and E without IWDPs. The negative feedbacks of S on H and the positive feedbacks of E on H are weakened or even broken in abundant water periods. Water donation has negative impacts on feedback loops, while water receiving has positive impacts on these feedbacks. Feedback loops exhibit intrinsic similarity and stability across different time scales. Feedbacks in reservoirs with regulation function remain stable under the varying inflow conditions and feedbacks for downstream reservoirs are influenced by their upstream reservoirs, especially in low flow periods. The proposed approach can help quantify the impacts of IWDPs on SHE nexus and contribute to the sustainable development of SHE nexus.
Impacts on and damage to European forests from the 2018–2022 heat and drought events
Authors: Knutzen Florian , Averbeck Paul , Barrasso Caterina , Bouwer Laurens M. , Gardiner Barry , Grünzweig José M. , Hänel Sabine , Haustein Karsten , Johannessen Marius Rohde , Kollet Stefan , Müller Mortimer M. , Pietikäinen Joni-Pekka , Pietras-Couffignal Karolina , Pinto Joaquim G. , Rechid Diana , Rousi Efi , Russo Ana , Suarez-Gutierrez Laura , Veit Sarah , Wendler Julian , Xoplaki Elena , Gliksman Daniel
Published: January 2025

Abstract. Drought and heat events in Europe are becoming increasingly frequent due to human-induced climate change, impacting both human well-being and ecosystem functioning. The intensity and effects of these events vary across the continent, making it crucial for decision-makers to understand spatial variability in drought impacts. Data on drought-related damage are currently dispersed across scientific publications, government reports, and media outlets. This study consolidates data on drought and heat damage in European forests from 2018 to 2022, using Europe-wide datasets including those related to crown defoliation, insect damage, burnt forest areas, and tree cover loss. The data, covering 16 European countries, were analysed across four regions, northern, central, Alpine, and southern, and compared with a reference period from 2010 to 2014. Findings reveal that forests in all zones experienced reduced vitality due to drought and elevated temperatures, with varying severity. Central Europe showed the highest vulnerability, impacting both coniferous and deciduous trees. The southern zone, while affected by tree cover loss, demonstrated greater resilience, likely due to historical drought exposure. The northern zone is experiencing emerging impacts less severely, possibly due to site-adapted boreal species, while the Alpine zone showed minimal impact, suggesting a protective effect of altitude. Key trends include (1) significant tree cover loss in the northern, central, and southern zones; (2) high damage levels despite 2021 being an average year, indicating lasting effects from previous years; (3) notable challenges in the central zone and in Sweden due to bark beetle infestations; and (4) no increase in wildfire severity in southern Europe despite ongoing challenges. Based on this assessment, we conclude that (i) European forests are highly vulnerable to drought and heat, with even resilient ecosystems at risk of severe damage; (ii) tailored strategies are essential to mitigate climate change impacts on European forests, incorporating regional differences in forest damage and resilience; and (iii) effective management requires harmonised data collection and enhanced monitoring to address future challenges comprehensively.
Comparison Between Geometrical Shapes for New Designs of Split Ring Resonators
Authors: Al-Musawi Thill
Published: January 2025

In electromagnetics, the material’s characteristics can be defined by the permittivity, permeability, and conductivity of different ranges of frequencies, where the refractive index and the impedance can be extracted. In this work, the properties of artificial metamaterials were studied by designing a unit cell of three-dimensional lattice vectors using CST (Computer Simulation Technology). A simulation process was employed to obtain the S-parameters, and the magnetic resonance frequency of several Split Ring Resonators (SRRs) was investigated. Also, the work introduced four new designs of srr, circl-square (c-sq), circl-square-circl resonator (c-sq-c), square-circle resonator (sq-c), and square-circle-square resonator (sq-c-sq). Conventional SRR structures faced challenges operating effectively at higher frequencies due to production difficulties. Scaling down the structure results in narrow split and gap regions, potentially leading to contact issues between metallic regions. Traditional SRR structures were limited to operating within a few gigahertz frequency ranges. SRR structures exhibited electrical resonance for different polarisations and propagation directions. The new design showed a negative response within the (7-12) GHz range and a negative refracted index ranging from (-4.35 to -5.6).
Post-traumatic stress disorder, stress burden, and quality of life among caregivers of children with cancer in Egypt
Authors: Ramy Hisham A. , Sultan Sara M. , Salama Rasha A.
Published: January 2025

Caregivers of children with cancer frequently endure considerable psychological distress. The challenging nature of caregiving, combined with the emotional burden of witnessing a child's illness and treatment, can impact the quality of life and lead to the development of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in these caregivers. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of PTSD among caregivers of pediatric cancer patients and to identify the risk factors contributing to its development. Additionally, it examined the stress burden on caregivers and its impact on their quality of life. A cross-sectional comparative study was conducted over six months at the outpatient pediatric oncology clinics in Ain Shams University Hospital and the National Cancer Institute, Cairo, Egypt. The Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for DSM-5, Zarit Burden Interview, and PCASEE quality of life were utilized to assess the PTSD symptoms, perceived burden, and quality of life, respectively. A total of 60 caregivers of children with cancer and 60 caregivers of children without cancer were included. Among the caregivers of children with cancer, 91.3% (n=55) exhibited post-traumatic stress symptoms, with 31.3% (n=19) meeting the diagnostic criteria for PTSD, compared to 0% of caregivers of children without cancer. Caregivers of children with cancer had significantly higher stress burden and lower quality of life scores compared to caregivers of children without cancer (48.66±9.95 vs 13.25±5.64; p=0.001 and 51.8±15.2 vs 72.2±14.3; p<0.001, respectively). Young age (p=0.033), being a mother (p=0.003), and taking care of those with tumor relapse (p=0.012) were identified as significant factors associated with PTSD development among caregivers of cancer patients. Moreover, caregivers of children with cancer experienced significantly higher stress burden levels and reduced quality of life compared to those caring for children without cancer (p=0.001), further increasing their risk of developing PTSD. These findings highlight the critical need for targeted psychological support and interventions to improve the well-being of these caregivers.
Crescimento Econômico e Investimento público em infraestrutura de transportes no Brasil: uma análise de causalidade temporal
Authors: Gadelha Sérgio Ricardo de Brito , Soares da Silva Camilla Araújo
Published: January 2025

O objetivo do presente estudo é investigar a direção da causalidade entre investimentos públicos federais no setor de infraestrutura de transportes e crescimento econômico no Brasil e nos Estados/Distrito Federal, no período de 1995 a 2021. Foi analisada a estacionariedade das séries temporais, considerando-se a presença de quebras estruturais. Em seguida, foram estimados modelos autorregressivos e de defasagens distribuídas (ARDL). Os resultados econométricos obtidos indicaram a existência de uma relação de bi-causalidade de Granger entre as variáveis analisadas. Em termos de implicações de políticas, investimentos em infraestrutura de transportes incrementam o crescimento econômico, e este crescimento gera uma maior demanda por bens e serviços públicos em infraestrutura, impulsionando mais investimentos no setor
El concepto económico de desarrollo: tesis interpretativa sobre la relación entre los "escritos de circunstancia" y la teoría económica de Marx
Authors: Lorenzo Ezequiel Matías , Moyano Martín
Published: January 2025

La idea del desarrollo capitalista como una fuerza tendiente a homogeneizar la estructura económica a escala internacional puede rastrearse en ciertos pasajes de la obra económica de Karl Marx, incluyendo el prólogo a la primera edición alemana de El Capital. Sin embargo, esta tesis parece entrar en contradicción con otros escritos menos conocidos donde el autor esboza consideraciones sobre la relación entre sociedades con diferentes grados de desarrollo. El nexo entre estos distintos momentos de su obra ha suscitado un gran número de interpretaciones. En el presente artículo discutimos una que ha tenido gran impacto en estas latitudes, la de José Aricó en su libro Marx y América Latina. Proponemos una interpretación distinta que retoma los planteos de Pablo Levín y que, a nuestro juicio, nos permite realizar una serie de precisiones analíticas necesarias para volver coherentes cada uno de esos momentos de la obra de Marx en una teoría más avanzada del desarrollo capitalista. Hacia el final del trabajo extraemos algunas conclusiones de lo anteriormente planteado.
Raúl Prebisch y sus ultimos días: la visión de un economista sobre un mundo en crisis interminable (1980-1986)
Authors: Rossi Ignacio Andrés
Published: January 2025

Raúl Prebisch (1901-1986) fue un economista destacado en la historia económica nacional e internacional y sus aportes a la escuela estructuralista del pensamiento económico mantienen vigencia en la actualidad. El presente trabajo procura abordar sus principales ideas en torno a la crisis capitalista desatada desde los setenta en sus últimos trabajos hasta su muerte (1980-1986). Recuperar su teoría centrada en la dinámica capitalista entre centro y periferia para comprender la madurez de sus ideas se torna de especial relevancia para contar con una interpretación integral del funcionamiento del capitalismo mundial de aquellos años. Sostenemos que sus explicaciones en estos años permiten dar cuenta del desarrollo de una crisis de componentes inéditos que caracterizó a la posterior fase de desarrollo neoliberal
Apertura e integración: trayectorias de los bloques comerciales de las Américas 1990-2021
Authors: Puchet Anyul Martín , Reig Lorenzi Nicolás
Published: January 2025

La relación entre la apertura de las economías y la integración ha sido asunto dominante de análisis y políticas económicas durante el último cuarto de siglo. El artículo analiza las trayectorias de ambos fenómenos y su relación recurriendo a un juego de indicadores que da cuenta de las principales aproximaciones conceptuales. El análisis se centra en información del comercio y la oferta y la demanda globales de los países del MERCOSUR y del TLCAN. Se exploran las relaciones de determinación que presentan los indicadores para responder cómo los elementos que facilitan u obstaculizan la apertura aceleran o estancan los procesos de integración. Se presenta una periodización y una descripción de la evidencia y se extraen conclusiones analíticas útiles para una visión prospectiva de las integraciones y las políticas en la nueva etapa del comercio global.
Regla fiscal y fondo anticiclico en base al PIB y precios de los commodities en un pais federal
Authors: Granado María José
Published: January 2025

Se propone para Argentina una regla fiscal donde los gastos nacionales se determinan de acuerdo a los ingresos estructurales de la nación, cumpliendo con una meta de balance estructural, como lo hace Chile. A partir de la regla, se conforma un fondo anticíclico, que debe tener consideraciones de federalismo fiscal, al ser Argentina un país federal con recaudación centralizada de los recursos. Los ingresos estructurales, que surgen de ajustar las recaudaciones tributarias por el ciclo del PIB y de los precios de los commodities, permiten estimar un ahorro potencial para el período 1998-2018. Con una regla fiscal, se podrían haber logrado ahorros significativos para amortiguar el ciclo económico, y una menor dependencia del crédito internacional, promoviendo una política fiscal sostenible.
Pobreza multidimensional pospandemia en una ciudad intermedia: el caso de Bahía Blanca
Authors: Santos Maria Emma
Published: January 2025

Este trabajo ofrece una suerte de ‘radiografía de la pobreza’ en una ciudad intermedia de gran relevancia para el sur argentino: Bahía Blanca. Se presentan estimaciones de un Índice de Pobreza Multidimensional a partir de una fuente de datos sin precedentes para la ciudad por su tamaño muestral y cobertura. Se encuentra que, a fines del año 2021, un 28% de la población, casi 82 000 personas, habitaba en hogares en pobreza multidimensional intensa a severa, de los cuales casi 30 000 eran niños, niñas y adolescentes, y un 15% de la población habitaba en hogares con inseguridad alimentaria moderada a severa. Se observa además un significativo grado de segregación socioespacial entre barrios vulnerables y no-vulnerables, especialmente cuando se considera la población de niños, niñas y adolescentes.
Avances metodológicos en la construcción del Indicador sintético de actividad económica de General Pueyrredon, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Authors: Lacaze M. Victoria , Alegre Patricia , Errea Damián , Fernandez Mailen
Published: January 2025

La generación de información estadística referida al ciclo económico en espacios subnacionales constituye una actividad compleja pero justificada por las singularidades regionales. El artículo reseña la construcción del ISAE-GP, indicador mensual coincidente que describe la evolución de la economía del municipio de General Pueyrredon, Buenos Aires, sobre la base de series representativas del entramado productivo local. El período estudiado es 2004-2023. El ISAE-GP presenta una buena consistencia temporal con el EMAE y el ITAE-PBA, pero se advierten expansiones más cortas y recesiones más largas, al comparar con el ciclo nacional. Asimismo, se identifican patrones locales de movimientos que no tienen correspondencia con la dinámica provincial. En consecuencia, se justifica disponer de un indicador local que monitoree la macroeconomía del distrito.
Utilização da cafeína para suplementação no esporte
Authors: BAgalho Artur Dos Santos , Lima Caique De Souza , De Amorim VIctória Cordeiro , Pinto Marcelo Ferreira , Palmeira Marcus Vinicius Netto
Published: January 2025

A cafeína é um composto encontrado naturalmente em alimentos como café, chá e chocolate, e tem a capacidade de aumentar a concentração e diminuir a fadiga, permitindo que os atletas mantenham um alto nível de performance por períodos mais prolongados. Estudos relatam que a cafeína pode beneficiar uma variedade de atividades, desde esportes de resistência até aqueles que exigem força e velocidade. No entanto, sua eficácia pode variar de acordo com o indivíduo, dependendo de fatores como a tolerância pessoal e a dosagem utilizada. O objetivo deste estudo é explorar o impacto da utilização da cafeína como suplemento no desempenho esportivo. Para alcançar tal finalidade, adotou-se como metodologia a revisão bibliográfica, através da qual se analisou uma ampla gama de literatura sobre o tema. A conclusão indicativa dos estudos revisados sugere que, quando utilizada adequadamente, a cafeína pode ser uma ferramenta valiosa para atletas que buscam otimizar seu desempenho, embora seja crucial considerar as recomendações de dosagem e as possíveis contraindicações.
Marx and Ho Chi Minh on Educating the Young Generation: Ideological Values for the 21st Century
Authors: Thai Trinh Minh
Published: January 2025

Marxist philosophy and Ho Chi Minh's thoughts on youth education are pivotal for guiding the holistic development of young generations across historical periods, particularly today. Marx viewed education as a dual-purpose tool for imparting knowledge and fostering human liberation and societal progress. Ho Chi Minh emphasized youth as the "pillars of the nation," advocating for education that nurtures moral, intellectual, physical, and spiritual growth. These values remain vital in the face of rapid technological advancements, globalization, and social complexities. Effective youth education must integrate practical experiences, critical thinking, creativity, and social responsibility. Moreover, embedding humanistic values, patriotism, and self-reliance within the curriculum guided by Ho Chi Minh's ideals enhances its impact. Aligning educational strategies with Marxist and Ho Chi Minh’s principles, we can cultivate well-rounded individuals and global citizens capable of addressing the demands of the modern era.
A REVIEW ON ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN TALENT MANAGEMENT FOR EMPLOYABILITY
Authors: Ravi Sharma
Published: January 2025

Artificial intelligence (AI) have rapidly evolved from abstract concepts into pivotal tools across various industries, transforming business operations and reshaping employability. In the context of job markets, AI and ML are no longer confined to improving efficiency; they also play a critical role in enhancing employability by addressing the changing demands of the modern workforce. This paper explores the publications in AI and its impact on talent management and employability. Overall, 116 papers have been analysed. This paper has investigated the relationship between AI and Talent management (TM) from a perspective of employability using bibliometric analysis. Additionally, the challenges and opportunities brought by these technologies are discussed. The paper also identifies important clusters of keywords for future researchers on this theme.
Development of Safety Assessment Indicators Considering Risk Factors on Roads without Sidewalks
Authors:   Korea Safety Culture Society, Ha Jung Ah , Jeong Hyeon Suk
Published: January 2025

Roads without sidewalks pose a high risk of accidents due to their narrow lanes and shared space between pedestrians and vehicles. Unlike major roads, they have unique characteristics, necessitating specialized safety assessment criteria. This study systematically selects evaluation indicators reflecting the nature of roads without sidewalks to provide objective, practical road management standards. To establish criteria, this research reviews various traffic accident factors from prior studies and identifies risk factors suited to roads without sidewalks. By incorporating expert opinions through the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), it determines the relative importance and prioritization of each indicator. Major indicators identified include driving speed, illegal parking, pedestrian volume, effective road width, and traffic volume, with each indicator assigned a weight to create a comprehensive safety evaluation standard. Analysis results show driving speed as the most critical factor, with illegal parking and pedestrian volume also significantly impacting safety. In contrast, region-specific indicators like vehicle registration density per area were rated less important, emphasizing that physical environment factors strongly influence roads without sidewalks safety. This study presents systematic safety assessment criteria tailored to roads without sidewalks, aiding road managers in objectively managing these environments. However, limitations include the lack of detailed criteria for scoring indicators, making quantitative evaluation based on actual data challenging. Future research should address this by incorporating quantifiable criteria and real-world data analysis, enabling road managers to apply more precise standards for creating safer roads without sidewalks environments.
The Study on the Evaluation of Safety Managers' Perception and Utilization Strategies of Smart Construction Safety Management Using the Kano Model
Authors:   Korea Safety Culture Society, Min Kyung Suk
Published: January 2025

Despite the rapid advancements in smart technology, safety managers face difficulties in determining which smart technologies to use for safety management. To address this issue, this study presents effective strategies for utilizing smart technologies in construction site safety management. The study employed the Kano model to analyze the importance and satisfaction levels of smart technologies as perceived by safety managers, and based on this analysis, derived efficient smart safety management strategies. The analysis results show that Biometrics, AR/VR, Blockchain, and Digital Twin technologies were evaluated as attractive quality factors, playing a crucial role in enhancing worker safety and predicting risks. IoT, Modular, AI, Robot Automation, Simulation, Monitoring, Lifelogging, and 3D Printing technologies were identified as one-dimensional quality factors, where their application increases satisfaction and contributes to both worker safety and operational efficiency. Big Data, BIM, Sensor, Cloud, and Drone technologies were classified as must-be quality factors, which are essential for safety management at construction sites. This study is expected to significantly contribute to accident prevention and safety assurance in construction sites. Additionally, it suggests appropriate utilization strategies for each smart technology based on its characteristics, thereby enhancing worker safety and improving the overall level of safety management in construction sites.
CBN Recapitalization Policy and Banking System Soundness in Nigeria
Authors: Iwedi Marshal , Okey-Nwala Precious Onyinye , Wachukwu Iheanacho Princewill
Published: January 2025

This study examines the impact of the Central Bank of Nigeria’s (CBN) recapitalization policy on the soundness of the Nigerian banking system. The research analyzes the historical context of banking sector reforms in Nigeria, focusing on the recent substantial increase in minimum capital requirements announced in March 2024. The study investigates how these new capital standards aim to enhance banks’ resilience against economic shocks, improve financial stability, and support sustained economic growth. Through a comprehensive analysis of financial indicators, stress testing data, and regulatory frameworks, the research reveals that the recapitalization policy is likely to significantly improve capital adequacy ratios, enhance risk management practices, and boost investor confidence in the Nigerian banking sector. The study also highlights potential challenges, including difficulties for smaller banks in meeting the new requirements and the risk of regulatory arbitrage. The research utilizes historical data on non-performing loan ratios, liquidity indicators, and capital adequacy ratios from 2009 to 2024 to assess the banking sector’s resilience and the potential impact of the new policy. Findings suggest that while the Nigerian banking industry has shown improvement in key financial soundness indicators, it remains vulnerable to economic pressures, underscoring the importance of the recapitalization efforts. The study concludes that the CBN’s recapitalization policy represents a crucial step towards creating a more robust and resilient banking sector in Nigeria. While implementation challenges exist, the potential benefits in terms of improved financial stability, enhanced risk management, and increased lending capacity are significant. The research emphasizes the need for careful monitoring during policy implementation to ensure effectiveness and mitigate unintended consequences.
Traffic Pattern Recognition Using IoT Sensors and Machine Learning: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Ogunkan Stella Kehinde , Ogunkan David Victor
Published: January 2025

The increasing complexity of urban traffic systems presents significant challenges for effective management and congestion reduction. Traditional traffic monitoring methods, often limited by static data and reactive approaches, are inadequate to address dynamic urban mobility issues. This study explores the integration of Internet of Things (IoT) sensors and machine learning (ML) in traffic pattern recognition, which offers real-time, data-driven solutions for proactive traffic management. IoT sensors, such as cameras, GPS, and LIDAR, provide extensive, real-time data on vehicle flow, traffic density, and road conditions. Machine learning techniques, including supervised and unsupervised models, analyze this data to identify traffic patterns, predict congestion points, and detect anomalies. Notably, deep learning models, such as Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks, are highlighted for their potential to capture complex traffic patterns and temporal dependencies, enhancing prediction accuracy. This study reviews existing literature on the deployment of IoT and ML in traffic management, identifies current gaps, and discusses the challenges of data quality, algorithm limitations, and integration with existing infrastructure. Findings underscore the transformative potential of IoT and ML in urban traffic management, advocating for policies that support smart infrastructure investment, interoperability standards, and robust data security measures.
The Treatment and Monitoring of Osteoporosis using Bone Turnover Markers
Authors: Patel Nikhil , Ganti Latha
Published: January 2025

Osteoporosis is a degenerative bone disease that causes the weakening of bone structure. Since bone structure is dynamic throughout a person’s lifespan, bones are under constant growth and destruction in a process known as bone turnover or bone remodeling. Osteoporosis involves the disruption of this growth/destruction equilibrium towards the destructive side. An increase in bone turnover leads to a lower bone density and therefore a greater risk of fracture or injury of higher severity. Bone turnover markers serve as indicators of the process of bone turnover. These markers are split into two groups: formation (building up) markers and resorption (breaking down) markers. Using biochemical techniques and assays, these markers can be measured to monitor the activity of the markers as well as determine treatment options and efficacy based on this activity. The use of biomarkers in osteoporosis can pave the way for their use in other diseases such as cancer.
The Psych Behind Psychedelics: Exploring Hallucinogen Use as a Marker for Untreated Mental Health Disorders
Authors: Ahmed Liyana , Konda Sanjana , Ganti Latha
Published: January 2025

Objective

Are individuals who use hallucinogens self-medicating their mental illness and are they more likely to abuse other illegal substances?

Design, setting, participants

Data from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH), collected by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) database was queried for correlations with hallucinogen use. Using age group as a control variable, different variables were run through a crosstab in order to find significant data pointing to the implications of hallucinogen use.

Results

The data from the crosstab analysis showed three key findings about hallucinogen use: Those with mental illness or substance abuse issues were substantially more likely to use hallucinogens, the hallucinogen use greatly increased with the pandemic along with further mental health issues, and those who used hallucinogens were more significantly likely to abuse other illegal substances, primarily in a younger population.

Conclusion

The positive correlation between mental health issues and hallucinogen use emphasizes the need for better mental health services, especially after the COVID-19 pandemic.

The positive correlation between hallucinogen use and other drug use indicates the widespread drug abuse problem, especially within a younger population in which drugs pose a larger neurological threat.
Description of the pupa of "Diamesinae Genus P" Doughman, 1985 (Diptera: Chironomidae), with comments on habitat, distribution and further characterization of the larva
Authors: Caldwell Broughton A. , Jacobsen Richard E.
Published: January 2025

The pupal stage of “Diamesinae Genus P” Doughman, 1985 is described from specimens collected in northwest Georgia, USA. The pupa is recognized as Diamesinae by dorso- central thoracic setation with no prealar setae and lack of hooklets on tergite II. Also, the anal lobe has apical short tubercles and 3 hooked macrosetae with very distinctive apices. However, leg sheath arrangement differs slightly from described Diamesini with fore and mid leg sheaths directed laterally at the wing apex and frontal setae are lacking, but for now this is considered variation within the tribe. The strikingly unusual larva is recognized as Diamesinae by the annulate third antennal segment as well as characteristics of the premento-hyphoryngeal complex. The larva fits within Diamesini in the most recent keys of Holarctic genera. Currently known distribution, habitat and additional larval morphological details are noted.
Adam Pinkhurst Goes to Berwick? A Life-Record for Adam Pynkherst, Archer
Authors: Davies Daniel
Published: January 2025

This note introduces a life-record for Adam Pynkherst, King’s Archer. Kew, The National Archives, C 81/1063/18 is the Privy Seal warrant for a letter of protection granted to Adam Pynkherst for service in Berwick-upon-Tweed in 1393. The note contextualizes this warrant with reference to similar documents issued by the Privy Seal Office in the same time period before then suggesting that the document supports the hypothesis that Adam Pinkhurst the scribe and Adam Pynkherst the archer were two different people.
Microfilaria in the Urine of a Dog with Concurrent Urinary Bladder Sarcoma
Authors: Schlette Nicole , Burton Erin , Harris Amber , Langsten Kendall , Olson Erik , Heinrich Daniel
Published: January 2025

A 12 yr old female spayed American Staffordshire terrier was referred for stranguria, pollakiuria, and concern for a mass in the trigone of the urinary bladder. A urinalysis and abdominal ultrasound were performed to further investigate the bladder mass. Nematode larvae were identified in the urine, termed microfilaruria, while a caudal abdominal mass was found on ultrasound impinging on the urethra. Fine-needle aspirate of the abdominal mass revealed malignant neoplasia. A SNAP 4Dx of the peripheral blood was positive for Dirofilaria immitis antigen and a modified Knott’s test confirmed D immitis larvae. The patient was euthanized owing to poor prognosis, and multiple masses were found within the abdominal cavity that, based on histopathology and immunohistochemistry, were diagnosed as poorly differentiated sarcoma. Hemorrhage, secondary to the abdominal mass, was considered the primary cause of microfilaruria.
Antidepression and testosterone enhancement potentials of Cucumeropsis mannii, Cucurbita moschata, and Sesamum indicum seed oil extracts
Authors: Ohiri Reginald Chibueze , Amadi Benjamin Acho , Favour Jane Chinaza
Published: January 2025

Background: The inability of depressed patients to acknowledge their health status and their resistance to conventional treatments have made depression a global health concern. However, dietary integration of nutraceuticals may be more effective than normal pharmaceutical administration in the treatment and management of depression.

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the possible role of bioactive components of selected seed oils in the management of depression and the enhancement of testosterone synthesis and secretion in experimental animals.

Methods: Seed oils of Cucumeropsis mannii, Cucurbita moschata, and Sesamum indicum from the farms of the University of Port Harcourt were analyzed for their bioactive compounds using GC–MS. The oils were then administered at different concentrations to adult male Wistar rats and their antidepression parameters, cholesterol, and testosterone concentrations were determined.

Results: Except for noxiptiline in C. moschata seed oil, all seed oils contained saturated and unsaturated lipids, and 9,12-octadecadienoic acid (Z,Z) was the most predominant with percentage concentrations of 71.865, 86.164, and 86.184 in C. mannii, C. moschata, and S. indicum seed oils, respectively. The lowest stress-induced hyperthermia of 0.08 ± 0.00°C was observed at week 3 in animals administered 15.0 ml/kg body weight (BW) of C. moschata seed oil, while the highest swimming, struggling/climbing and lowest immobility times of 5.31 ± 0.40, 8.30 ± 1.25, and 1.40 ± 0.05 min for 10.0, 15.0, and 15.0 ml/kg BW were observed at week 4 in animals administered C. moschata seed oil. Cholesterol and testosterone concentrations were highest at weeks 1 and 4 in animals administered 15.0 ml/kg BW of water and C. moschata seed oil, with values of 3.70 ± 0.20 ml/dL and 8.35 ± 1.26 nmol/L, respectively.

Conclusion: The reduction in depression markers and increase in testosterone levels by C. moschata seed oil are undoubtedly attributed to its noxiptiline content.
Research Progress on the Development of Loose-leaf Teaching Materials of Chinese Medicine Specialty in Higher Vocational Colleges
Authors: Zhang Hua , Zheng Zhiteng
Published: January 2025

Starting from the background of loose-leaf teaching materials, this paper describes the background and current situation of the development of loose-leaf teaching materials in higher vocational colleges in China, particularly, summarizes the development status of loose-leaf teaching materials for Chinese Medicine specialty. This paper points out the problem of lagging development of loose-leaf teaching materials for Chinese Medicine specialty and analyzes the causes, it proposes some strategys for the development of loose-leaf teaching materials for Chinese Medicine specialty.
A Study on the Second-hand Sailboat Price Prediction Model Based on Principal Component Analysis and Multiple Linear Regression
Authors: Hu Jiayi
Published: January 2025

This paper proposes a second-hand sailboat price prediction model based on Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) to address issues of non-transparent transactions and information asymmetry in the market. By analyzing four key indicators year, condition, appearance, and performance and categorizing national economic development levels using the Regional Economic Development Index (REDI), we transform these levels into dummy variables. Separate regression analyses were conducted for monohull and catamaran sailboats. The study shows that the year, appearance, and performance of sailboats are highly positively correlated with their prices, and regional economic development levels significantly affect prices. The model demonstrates excellent performance in predicting second-hand sailboat prices, aiding sellers in pricing accurately and promoting market transparency and development.
Research of Staff Turnover Challenges in the Chinese Fast - food Industry
Authors: Hui Sun
Published: January 2025

Fast food chains in China have had poor financial results and significant employee turnover. This research seeks to identify the root causes of the issue and provide remedies. This research utilised interviews to gather data. This research included three fast food entrepreneurs and managers in China. In conclusion, while some businesses have effectively handled the issue, the present staff turnover in the Chinese fast-food sector is still very significant. Most workers are unhappy with their present pay, working conditions, workload, job autonomy, and professional growth opportunities. The bulk of departing workers are younger, since their expectations of increased wages and perks frequently become negative. Bad recruiting services, inability to fulfil the requirements of younger workers, job dissatisfaction, poor working conditions, and lack of advancement possibilities all contribute to high staff turnover. This research recommends that fast food businesses should concentrate on recruiting individuals with the appropriate talents, building connections with employees to facilitate dialogue between employers and employees, and conducting frequent pay and compensation evaluations to ensure that workers are paid competitively.
Gender, Caste and Marginalization in Vijay Tendulkar's Ghasiram Kotwal
Authors: Yadav Poonamlata
Published: January 2025

Vijay Tendulkar’s Ghasiram Kotwal is a powerful exploration of the intersections of gender, caste, and marginality in 18th - century colonial India. The play, set against the backdrop of the Peshwa rule in Pune, critiques the systemic oppression and exploitation of marginalized groups. This paper examines how Tendulkar portrays gender and caste dynamics, focusing on the silenced voices of women and the marginalization of the "outsider" in the Brahminical caste hierarchy. By examining these themes through the characters of Gauri, Ghasiram, and Nana Phadnavis, the paper demonstrates how Tendulkar exposes the patriarchal and casteist structures that perpetuate social injustice.
Integration of Science and Education, Innovation and Education-reform and Practice of "ASK" Special Talent Training Model for Cyberspace Security Major
Authors: Han Bing , Ma Bin , Li Sa , Wang Chunpeng
Published: January 2025

In recent years, cyberspace security has become a key issue of national concern. At present, there is a shortage of high-quality professionals in cyberspace security. In view of the current education model, network security talents lack of innovation ability, practical ability is not strong, weak professional knowledge, and does not meet the requirements of safeguarding national network security and building a network power, this paper explores new ideas of network security talent training, and builds a new model of "ASK" characteristic network space security talent training based on the integration of science and education. With the integration of science and education as the main line, three characteristic talent training solutions (namely: Advisor, Speedy, Knowledge-graph) are proposed to ensure the quality of talents in cyberspace security.
The Practice of Interactive Teaching Methods in the Introduction to Sociology Course at Regional Second-Tier Universities in China
Authors: Liu Moxian , Zhang Yilie
Published: January 2025

Traditional teaching methods for the Introduction to Sociology Course at regional second-tier universities often emphasize theory over practice, lacking a focus on fostering students' critical thinking and practical skills. Interactive teaching methods address these shortcomings by emphasizing the dynamic interaction between teachers and students as well as among students themselves. This paper explores a teaching reform practice centered on the theme of "sociological imagination," detailing the implementation process in the classroom. The findings demonstrate that interactive teaching methods significantly enhance students' enthusiasm for learning, deepen their understanding of sociological concepts and theories, and improve their critical thinking and problem-solving skills. It is recommended to integrate technological tools to optimize classroom experiences, introduce role-playing activities, and further refine the teaching evaluation mechanisms.
The Influence of AI-assisted Progressive Interactive Teaching on Students Learning Motivation
Authors: Qiao Ying , Lee Jiyon
Published: January 2025

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