bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MetaGSCA: A tool for meta-analysis of gene set differential coexpression
Authors: Guo Yan , Yu Hui , Song Haocan , He Jiapeng , Oyebamiji Olufunmilola , Kang Huining , Ping Jie , Ness Scott , Shyr Yu , Ye Fei
Published: May 2021

Analyses of gene set differential coexpression may shed light on molecular mechanisms underlying phenotypes and diseases. However, differential coexpression analyses of conceptually similar individual studies are often inconsistent and underpowered to provide definitive results. Researchers can greatly benefit from an open-source application facilitating the aggregation of evidence of differential coexpression across studies and the estimation of more robust common effects. We developed Meta Gene Set Coexpression Analysis (MetaGSCA), an analytical tool to systematically assess differential coexpression of ana prioridefined gene set by aggregating evidence across studies to provide a definitive result. In the kernel, a nonparametric approach that accounts for the gene-gene correlation structure is used to test whether the gene set is differentially coexpressed between two comparative conditions, from which a permutation testp-statistic is computed for each individual study. A meta-analysis is then performed to combine individual study results with one of two options: a random-intercept logistic regression model or the inverse variance method. We demonstrated MetaGSCA in case studies investigating two human diseases and identified pathways highly relevant to each disease across studies. We further applied MetaGSCA in a pan-cancer analysis with hundreds of major cellular pathways in 11 cancer types. The results indicated that a majority of the pathways identified were dysregulated in the pan-cancer scenario, many of which have been previously reported in the cancer literature. Our analysis with randomly generated gene sets showed excellent specificity, indicating that the significant pathways/gene sets identified by MetaGSCA are unlikely false positives. MetaGSCA is a user-friendly tool implemented in both forms of a Web-based application and an R package “MetaGSCA”. It enables comprehensive meta-analyses of gene set differential coexpression data, with an optional module ofpost hocpathway crosstalk network analysis to identify and visualize pathways having similar coexpression profiles.
Evaluation of polygenic prediction methodology within a reference-standardized framework
Authors: Pain Oliver , Glanville Kylie P. , Hagenaars Saskia P. , Selzam Saskia , Fürtjes Anna E. , Gaspar Héléna A. , Coleman Jonathan R. I. , Rimfeld Kaili , Breen Gerome , Plomin Robert , Folkersen Lasse , Lewis Cathryn M.
Published: May 2021

The predictive utility of polygenic scores is increasing, and many polygenic scoring methods are available, but it is unclear which method performs best. This study evaluates the predictive utility of polygenic scoring methods within a reference-standardized framework, which uses a common set of variants and reference-based estimates of linkage disequilibrium and allele frequencies to construct scores. Eight polygenic score methods were tested: p-value thresholding and clumping (pT+clump), SBLUP, lassosum, LDpred1, LDpred2, PRScs, DBSLMM and SBayesR, evaluating their performance to predict outcomes in UK Biobank and the Twins Early Development Study (TEDS). Strategies to identify optimal p-value thresholds and shrinkage parameters were compared, including 10-fold cross validation, pseudovalidation and infinitesimal models (with no validation sample), and multi-polygenic score elastic net models. LDpred2, lassosum and PRScs performed strongly using 10-fold cross-validation to identify the most predictive p-value threshold or shrinkage parameter, giving a relative improvement of 16–18% over pT+clump in the correlation between observed and predicted outcome values. Using pseudovalidation, the best methods were PRScs, DBSLMM and SBayesR. PRScs pseudovalidation was only 3% worse than the best polygenic score identified by 10-fold cross validation. Elastic net models containing polygenic scores based on a range of parameters consistently improved prediction over any single polygenic score. Within a reference-standardized framework, the best polygenic prediction was achieved using LDpred2, lassosum and PRScs, modeling multiple polygenic scores derived using multiple parameters. This study will help researchers performing polygenic score studies to select the most powerful and predictive analysis methods.
Copy number signature analysis tool and its application in prostate cancer reveals distinct mutational processes and clinical outcomes
Authors: Wang Shixiang , Li Huimin , Song Minfang , Tao Ziyu , Wu Tao , He Zaoke , Zhao Xiangyu , Wu Kai , Liu Xue-Song
Published: May 2021

Genome alteration signatures reflect recurring patterns caused by distinct endogenous or exogenous mutational events during the evolution of cancer. Signatures of single base substitution (SBS) have been extensively studied in different types of cancer. Copy number alterations are important drivers for the progression of multiple cancer. However, practical tools for studying the signatures of copy number alterations are still lacking. Here, a user-friendly open source bioinformatics tool “sigminer” has been constructed for copy number signature extraction, analysis and visualization. This tool has been applied in prostate cancer (PC), which is particularly driven by complex genome alterations. Five copy number signatures are identified from human PC genome with this tool. The underlying mutational processes for each copy number signature have been illustrated. Sample clustering based on copy number signature exposure reveals considerable heterogeneity of PC, and copy number signatures show improved PC clinical outcome association when compared with SBS signatures. This copy number signature analysis in PC provides distinct insight into the etiology of PC, and potential biomarkers for PC stratification and prognosis.
Phylogeography of Ryukyu insular cicadas: Extensive vicariance by island isolation vs accidental dispersal by super typhoon
Authors: Osozawa Soichi , Kanai Kenichi , Fukuda Haruo , Wakabayashi John
Published: May 2021

Cicadas tend to be affected by vicariance reflecting poor mobility of nymphs underground and weak flying ability of adults. However, modern collection records of invasive cicada, combined with records of typhoon tracks, and newly obtained phylogeographic data suggest long distance, relatively instantaneous, dispersal of some vicariantly speciated cicadas. We address the importance of this typhoon dispersal mechanism applied to representative species of east Asian endemic cicadas of Cryptotympana, Mogannia, Euterpnosia and Meimuna. We combine BEAST-dated phylogenic and haplotype network analyses, modern collection data of non-native cicadas available in reports of the Japanese insect associations, modern typhoon records by Japan Meteorological Agency, and our own Quaternary geological constriction data. In conclusion, although Ryukyu endemic cicadas were vicariantly speciated, endemic cicadas on some islands were accidentally dispersed long distances to another island possibly by typhoons, particularly those associated with super typhoons generated since 1.55 Ma.
Low saliva pH can yield false positives results in simple RT-LAMP-based SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic tests
Authors: Uribe-Alvarez Cristina , Lam Quynh , Baldwin Don A. , Chernoff Jonathan
Published: May 2021

Diagnosis of any infectious disease is vital for opportune treatment and to prevent dissemination. RT-qPCR tests for detection of SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent for COVID-19, are ideal in a hospital environment. However, mass testing requires cheaper and simpler tests, especially in settings that lack sophisticated machinery. The most common current diagnostic method is based on nasopharyngeal sample collection, RNA extraction, and RT-qPCR for amplification and detection of viral nucleic acids. Here, we show that samples obtained from nasopharyngeal swabs in VTM and in saliva can be used with or without RNA purification in an isothermal loop-mediated amplification (LAMP)-based assay, with 60–93% sensitivity for SARS-CoV-2 detection as compared to standard RT-qPCR tests. A series of simple modifications to standard RT-LAMP published methods to stabilize pH fluctuations due to salivary acidity resulted in a significant improvement in reliability, opening new avenues for efficient, low-cost testing of COVID-19 infection.
Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopic chemical imaging reveals distribution of pectin and its co-localization with xyloglucan inside onion epidermal cell wall
Authors: He Qing , Yang Jingyi , Zabotina Olga A. , Yu Chenxu
Published: May 2021

The primary plant cell wall is a complex matrix composed of interconnected polysaccharides including cellulose, hemicellulose, and pectin. Changes of this dynamic polysaccharide system play a critical role during plant cell development and differentiation. A better understanding of cell wall architectures can provide insight into the plant cell development. In this study, a Raman spectroscopic imaging approach was developed to visualize the distribution of plant cell wall polysaccharides. In this approach, Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS through self-assembled silver nanoparticles) was combined with Raman labels (4-Aminothiophenol. 4ATP) and targeted enzymatic hydrolysis to improve the sensitivity, specificity, and throughput of the Raman imaging technique, and to reveal the distribution of pectin and its co-localization with xyloglucan inside onion epidermal cell (OEC) wall. This technique significantly decreased the required spectral acquisition time. The resulted Raman spectra showed a high Raman signal. The resulted Raman images successfully revealed and characterized the pectin distribution and its co-localization pattern with xyloglucan in OEC wall.
A novel diagnostic and prognostic approach for unresponsive patients with anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis using artificial neural networks
Authors: Bamorovat Mehdi , Sharifi Iraj , Rashedi Esmat , Shafiian Alireza , Sharifi Fatemeh , Khosravi Ahmad , Tahmouresi Amirhossein
Published: May 2021

Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) imposes a major health burden throughout the tropical and subtropical regions of the globe. Unresponsive cases are common phenomena occurred upon exposure to the standard drugs. Therefore, rapid detection, prognosis and classification of the disease are crucial for selecting the proper treatment modality. Using machine learning (ML) techniques, this study aimed to detect unresponsive cases of ACL, caused byLeishmania tropica, which will consequently be used for a more effective treatment modality. This study was conducted as a case-control setting. Patients were selected in a major ACL focus from both unresponsive and responsive cases. Nine unique and relevant features of patients with ACL were selected. To categorize the patients, different classifier models such as k-nearest neighbors (KNN), support vector machines (SVM), multilayer perceptron (MLP), learning vector quantization (LVQ) and multipass LVQ were applied and compared for this supervised learning task. Comparison of the receiver operating characteristic graphs (ROC) and confusion plots for the above models represented that MLP was a fairly accurate prediction model to solve this problem. The overall accuracy in terms of sensitivity, specificity and area under ROC curve (AUC) of MLP classifier were 87.8%, 90.3%, 86% and 0.88%, respectively. Moreover, the duration of the skin lesion was the most influential feature in MLP classifier, while gender was the least. The present investigation demonstrated that MLP model could be utilized for rapid detection, accurate prognosis and effective treatment of unresponsive patients with ACL. The results showed that the major feature affecting the responsiveness to treatments is the duration of the lesion. This novel approach is unique and can be beneficial in developing diagnostic, prophylactic and therapeutic measures against the disease. This attempt could be a preliminary step towards the expansion of ML application in future directions.
Differential parasitism by four species of phorid flies when attacking three worker castes of the leaf-cutting ant Atta laevigata (Smith, 1858)
Authors: Souza Maria Lucimar O. , Oliveira Rafael J. , Souza Danival J. , Samuels Richard I. , Bragança Marcos A. L.
Published: May 2021

Certain species of parasitic flies belonging to the Phoridae are known to attackAttaspp. workers foraging along trails, near nest openings used by the ants to supply the colony with plant material, and in the areas where the ants are actively cutting plant material. However, there have been no previous studies of phorid parasitism of non-foraging worker ants, for example excavators and soldiers. Excavators can be found on the surface around specialized nest openings, carrying and dumping soil on characteristic mounds. Soldiers can be found on the trails protecting foragers or guarding the different types of nest openings. The current study was performed to investigate the differential parasitism rates ofAtta laevigata(Smith, 1858) worker castes by four species of phorids. Ants of all castes on trails and at nest entrances were collect from 18 mature colonies in the field. A total of 21,254 ants were collected from trails and 14,649 collected from the mounds of loose soil near nest openings. The captured workers were maintained under controlled laboratory conditions to evaluate the rate of parasitism. Of the ants collected from trails, 1,112 (5.23%) were found to have been parasitized, of which 1,102 were foragers and only 10 were soldiers. Of the ants collected from the soil mounds near the nest openings, only 27 (0.18%) were found to have been parasitized, of those 25 were excavators and 2 were soldiers. When evaluating parasitism of ants on the trails, 46.2% were attacked byApocephalus attophilusBorgmeier, 1928, 22.6% byMyrmosicarius grandicornisBorgmeier, 1928, 16.6% byEibesfeldtphora erthali(Brown, 2001) and 14.6% byApocephalus vicosaeDisney, 2000. Only two species of phorid,M.grandicornisandE.erthali, were observed parasitizing excavators, whilst onlyE.erthaliparasitized soldiers. This is the first time thatAttaspp. excavators and soldiers have been shown to be parasitized by phorids. The low rates of parasitism and specificity of certain phorid species for excavators and soldiers is discussed in relation to the behavioral interactions of hosts and their parasitoids, as well as the relationship between host and parasitoid size.
Analysis of carbon emission performance and regional differences in China’s eight economic regions: Based on the super-efficiency SBM model and the Theil index
Authors: Zhang Yuan , Yu Zhen , Zhang Juan
Published: May 2021

China’s carbon emission performance has significant regional heterogeneity. Identified the sources of carbon emission performance differences and the influence of various driving factors in China’s eight economic regions accurately is the premise for realizing China’s carbon emission reduction goals. Based on the provincial panel data from 2005 to 2017, the super-efficiency SBM model and Malmquist model are constructed in this paper to measure regional carbon emission performance’s static and dynamic changes. After that, the Theil index is used to distinguish the impact of inter-regional and intra-regional differences on different regions’ carbon emissions performance. Finally, by introducing the Tobit model, the effect of various driving factors on carbon emission performance differences is analyzed quantitatively. The results show that: (1) There are significant differences in different regions’ carbon emission performance, but the overall carbon emission performance presents an upward fluctuation trend. Malmquist index decomposition results show substantial differences in technology progress index and technology efficiency index in different regions, leading to significant carbon emission performance differences. (2) Overall, inter-regional differences contribute the most to the overall carbon emission performance, up to more than 80%. Among them, the inter-regional and intra-regional differences in ERMRYR contributed significantly. (3) Through Tobit regression analysis, it is found that residents’ living standards, urbanization level, ecological development degree, and industrial structure positively affect carbon emission performance. On the contrary, energy intensity presents an apparent negative correlation on carbon emission performance. Therefore, to improve the carbon emission performance, we should put forward targeted suggestions according to the characteristics of different regional development stages, regional carbon emission differences, and influencing driving factors.
Implementation of a volunteer contact tracing program for COVID-19 in the United States: A qualitative focus group study
Authors: Shelby Tyler , Hennein Rachel , Schenck Christopher , Clark Katie , Meyer Amanda J. , Goodwin Justin , Weeks Brian , Bond Maritza , Niccolai Linda , Davis J. Lucian , Grau Lauretta E.
Published: May 2021

Background

Contact tracing is an important tool for suppressing COVID-19 but has been difficult to adapt to the conditions of a public health emergency. This study explored the experiences and perspectives of volunteer contact tracers in order to identify facilitators, challenges, and novel solutions for implementing COVID-19 contact tracing.

Methods

As part of a study to evaluate an emergently established volunteer contact tracing program for COVID-19 in New Haven, Connecticut, April-June 2020, we conducted focus groups with 36 volunteer contact tracers, thematically analyzed the data, and synthesized the findings using the RE-AIM implementation framework.

Results

To successfullyreachcases and contacts, participants recommended identifying clients’ outreach preferences, engaging clients authentically, and addressing sources of mistrust. Participants felt that theeffectivenessof successful isolation and quarantine was contingent on minimizing delays in reaching clients and on systematically assessing and addressing their nutritional, financial, and housing needs. They felt that successfuladoptionof a volunteer-driven contact tracing model depended on the ability to recruit self-motivated contact tracers and provide rapid training and consistent, supportive supervision. Participants noted thatimplementationcould be enhanced with better management tools, such as more engaging interview scripts, user-friendly data management software, and protocols for special situations and populations. They also emphasized the value of coordinating outreach efforts with other involved providers and agencies. Finally, they believed that long-termmaintenanceof a volunteer-driven program requires monetary or educational incentives to sustain participation.

Conclusions

This is one of the first studies to qualitatively examine implementation of a volunteer-run COVID-19 contact tracing program. Participants identified facilitators, barriers, and potential solutions for improving implementation of COVID-19 contact tracing in this context. These included standardized communication skills training, supportive supervision, and peer networking to improve implementation, as well as greater cooperation with outside agencies, flexible scheduling, and volunteer incentives to promote sustainability.
What influences uptake and early adherence to Option B+ (lifelong antiretroviral therapy among HIV positive pregnant and breastfeeding women) in Central Uganda? A mixed methods study
Authors: Mukose Aggrey David , Bastiaens Hilde , Makumbi Fredrick , Buregyeya Esther , Naigino Rose , Musinguzi Joshua , Van Geertruyden Jean-Pierre , Wanyenze Rhoda K.
Published: May 2021

Background

High uptake and optimal adherence to Option B+ antiretroviral therapy (ART) increase effectiveness in averting mother-to-child transmission of HIV. Option B+ ART uptake, early adherence, and associated factors need to be evaluated in Central Uganda.

Methods

A mixed approaches study was carried out in six health facilities in Masaka, Mityana, and Luwero districts from October 2013 to February 2016. Questionnaires were administered to 507 HIV positive pregnant females seeking antenatal care services. Key informant interviews were conducted with 54 health providers, and in-depth interviews (IDIs) with 57 HIV positive women on Option B+ ART. Quantitative data were analyzed using log-binomial regression model to determine factors associated with optimal adherence (taking at least 95% of the prescribed ART), while thematic analysis was used on qualitative data.

Results

Ninety one percent of women (463/507) received a prescription of life long ART. Of these, 93.3% (432/463) started swallowing their medicines. Overall, 83% of women who received ART prescriptions (310/374) felt they were ready to initiate ART immediately. Main motivating factors to swallow ART among those who received a prescription were women’s personal desire to be healthy (92.3%) and desire to protect their babies (90.6%). Optimal adherence to ART was achieved by 76.8% (315/410). Adherence was higher among females who were ready to start ART (adj. PR = 3.20; 95% CI: 1.15–8.79) and those who had revealed their HIV positive result to someone (adj. PR = 1.23; 95% CI: 1.04–1.46). Facilitators of ART uptake from qualitative findings included adequate counseling, willingness to start, and knowing the benefits of ART. Reasons for refusal to start ART included being unready to start ART, fear to take ART for life, doubt of HIV positive results, and preference for local herbs. Reasons for non-adherence were travelling far away from health facilities, fear of side effects, non-disclosure of HIV results to anyone, and perception that the baby is safe from HIV infection post-delivery.

Conclusions

Uptake of Option B+ ART was very high. However, failure to start swallowing ART and sub-optimal adherence are a major public health concern. Enhancing women’s readiness to start ART and encouraging HIV result revelation could improve ART uptake and adherence.
A ESTREITA RELAÇÃO ENTRE A PEDAGOGIA FREIREANA, A FORMAÇÃO ECOCIDADÃ E A EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL TRANSFORMADORA
Authors: Ceschini Mayra da Silva Cutruneo , Salomão de Freitas Diana Paula
Published: May 2021

Este trabalho, uma reflexão teórica, de abordagem qualitativa, tem como objetivo encontrar relações entre a educação problematizadora proposta por Freire, a formação ecocidadã e a educação ambiental transformadora, bem como relacionar seus princípios aos fundamentos da emancipação humana. O artigo inicia problematizando como a educação ambiental e a educação para a cidadania são trabalhados nas escolas e interligando os questionamentos ao Ensino de Ciências. Posteriormente, são apresentadas as reflexões teóricas sobre a pedagogia freireana, a formação ecocidadã e a educação ambiental transformadora, relacionando-as como fundamentos para a emancipação humana. Conclui-se o texto argumentando que, através da intersecção entre esses fundamentos educacionais, que são diversos e complementares entre si, é possível promover a emancipação dos sujeitos, a consciência socioambiental e a transformação da realidade.
International Logistics and Operations a Strategic View
Authors: Dias Silvio Montes Pereira , Moura Luis Claudio Bernardo , Cosenza Carlos Alberto Nunes , Cosenza Harvey José Santos Ribeiro , Amaral Silvio de Macedo , Souza Marco Pereira de
Published: May 2021

Globalization has shortened spaces and brought borders closer together, therefore, it has increased the stimulus to the development of competition in the international market scenario, which, in turn, has intensified the search for operators with logistical skills to meet global operational needs. Therefore, it became necessary and vital for companies to have the knowledge of the processes involved in an international logistics operation, to optimize procedures with the application of quality maintenance and in the incessant search for lower costs to gain greater power. competitiveness in the face of global competition.
Application of data mining technology in detecting network intrusion and security maintenance
Authors: Zhu Yongkuan , Gaba Gurjot Singh , Almansour Fahad M. , Alroobaea Roobaea , Masud Mehedi
Published: May 2021

In order to correct the deficiencies of intrusion detection technology, the entire computer and network security system are needed to be more perfect. This work proposes an improved k-means algorithm and an improved Apriori algorithm applied in data mining technology to detect network intrusion and security maintenance. The classical KDDCUP99 dataset has been utilized in this work for performing the experimentation with the improved algorithms. The algorithm’s detection rate and false alarm rate are compared with the experimental data before the improvement. The outcomes of proposed algorithms are analyzed in terms of various simulation parameters like average time, false alarm rate, absolute error as well as accuracy value. The results show that the improved algorithm advances the detection efficiency and accuracy using the designed detection model. The improved and tested detection model is then applied to a new intrusion detection system. After intrusion detection experiments, the experimental results show that the proposed system improves detection accuracy and reduces the false alarm rate. A significant improvement of 90.57% can be seen in detecting new attack type intrusion detection using the proposed algorithm.
Simultaneous effects of Brownian motion and thermophoretic force on Eyring–Powell fluid through porous geometry
Authors: Hussain Farooq , Subia Gener S. , Nazeer Mubbashar , Ghafar M. M. , Ali Zulfiqar , Hussain A.
Published: May 2021

The current study addresses the influences of Brownian motion and thermophoretic force on non-Newtonian fluid flow. Eyring–Powell fluid serves as the base fluid for heat and mass transfer through a porous channel. Buongiorno model for nanofluid is incorporated into the convection–diffusion equation to investigate the random motion of tiny spherical particles. Additional contributions of viscous dissipation and thermal radiation have also been applied by formulating two different types of flows. A system of nonlinear coupled differential equations is solved with the help of the “regular perturbation method”. For the limiting case, a numerical solution is obtained to validate the computational results with existing literature and it is found to be in complete agreement. Eventually, it is inferred that the heat transfer rate dominates in nanofluid flow due to the moving plate, while the mass transfer is more prominent in generalized Couette nanoflow of Eyring–Powell fluid.
Molecular dynamics simulation of a nanocluster obtained from the mining industry
Authors: Vargas Rubio Karen Isela , Medrano Roldán Hiram , Reyes Jáquez Damián
Published: May 2021

A dynamic molecular simulation is a straightforward and logical research tool governed by Newton’s movement equations. In this case, it is part of a new research line that explores the molecular interactions of a concentrate obtained from the mining industry (nanocluster). Mineragraphic and mineralogic analyses were performed, and 26 crystalline species were obtained and modeled, being chalcopyrite, pyrite, Cd-sulphide, quarts, and calcite the most representative structures due to their content. A geometry optimization applying the Quasi-Newton BFGS method was performed through the Materials Studio software version 8.0, obtaining the crystalline nanostructures. Finally, 95% of the structures were optimized, and more than 50% of these were validated based on X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies. Crystals that have not been validated have a different molecular weight and a different chemical composition and structure, affecting their crystallinity and X-ray diffraction patterns.
Pelatihan Pembuatan Artikel Jurnal Nasional Terakreditasi dan Internasional Bereputasi Sebagai Implementasi Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 20 Tahun 2003 Di Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya
Authors: Sukendar Astria Yulia Satyarini , Raissa Amanda , Michael Tomy
Published: May 2021

A journal is a scientific work that is owned by one or several people who are competent in their field and published by an agency (institution). Journals have an urgency for the world of education, especially at the tertiary level. Journals are always renewable because each year there will be new journals that can be used as references to write scientific papers or scientific papers. This is the reason why it is very important for education actors to know and understand about accredited national journals and international journals. The existence of training on the making of accredited and internationally reputed journal articles is an implementation of Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 20 of 2003 concerning the National Education System. Keywords: Journal Training, Accredited National Journal,  International Journal Abstrak:Jurnal merupakan karya ilmiah yang dimiliki oleh seorang atau beberapa orang yang berkompeten di dalam bidangnya dan diterbitkan oleh suatu instansi (lembaga). Jurnal memilki urgensi bagi dunia pendidikan khususnya di tingkat perguruan tinggi. Jurnal selalu bersifat terbarukan karena setiap tahunnya akan ada jurnal-jurnal baru yang dapat dijadikan referensi untuk menulis suatu karya ilmiah atau pun tulisan ilmiah. Hal ini menjadi alasan mengapa sangat penting seorang pelaku pendidikan untuk mengetahui dan memahami tentang jurnal nasional terakreditasi mau pun jurnal internasional. Adanya pelatihan pembuatan artikel jurnal nasional terakreditasi dan internasional bereputasi ini sebagai implementasi dari Undang–Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 20 Tahun 2003 tentang Sistem Pendidikan Nasional. Kata kunci: Pelatihan Jurnal, Jurnal Nasional Terakreditasi, Jurnal Internasional Bereputasi
Mewujudkan Akses Terhadap Hukum Bagi Masyarakat Melalui Penyuluhan Serta Konsultasi Hukum Di Kelurahan Jatimulya, Depok
Authors: Wijaya Endra , Bachri Rifkiyati , Apriani Luh Rina , Rosida Nina , Wardani Aprilia , Padayanti Kris
Published: May 2021

Some people of Jatimulya Village, Cilodong, Depok, West Java, still could not understand clearly and faced difficulty in accessing law or legal instrument. Regarding to that, university through its faculty of law could take a part to overcome such condition. The faculty of law is able to conduct a kind of community service activity, namely socialization and public legal consultation. This study is based on information collected during the socialization and public legal consultation was held by Faculty of Law Pancasila University in Jatimulya Village. This study concludes that through the socialization and public legal consultation, the synergy between society, local government, and higher education institution could be tightened and also it would help the realization of better access to justice for all. Keywords: access to justice; public legal consultation; socialization Abstrak:Sebagian warga masyarakat Kelurahan Jatimulya, Cilodong, Depok, Jawa Barat, masih kesulitan dalam memahami hukum dan mengakses hukum. Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut, perguruan tinggi, terutama melalui fakultas hukumnya, bisa melakukan kegiatan penyuluhan dan konsultasi hukum massal bagi warga masyarakat. Hal seperti inilah yang telah dilakukan oleh Fakultas Hukum Universitas Pancasila. Kajian ini menyimpulkan bahwa kegiatan penyuluhan dan konsultasi hukum massal ternyata bisa membawa dampak yang positif bagi pihak masyarakat yang masih belum begitu paham terhadap hukum, pihak pemerintah daerah sebagai otoritas penyedia layanan publik, dan juga bagi pihak institusi perguruan tinggi, khususnya fakultas hukum. Sinergi ketiga pihak tersebut dalam mewujudkan akses hukum yang baik pun dapat dibantu melalui kegiatan penyuluhan dan konsultasi hukum massal. Kata kunci: akses terhadap hukum; konsultasi hukum massal; penyuluhan hukum
Prognostic Communication Between Oncologists and Parents of Children With Advanced Cancer
Authors: Kaye Erica C. , Stall Melanie , Woods Cameka , Velrajan Srilakshmi , Gattas Melanie , Lemmon Monica , Baker Justin N. , Mack Jennifer W.
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Parents of children with cancer perceive deficits in quality of prognostic communication. How oncologists disclose information about disease progression and incurability and how prognostic communication impacts parental understanding of prognosis are poorly understood. In this study, we aimed to (1) characterize communication strategies used by pediatric oncologists to share prognostic information across a child’s advancing illness course and (2) explore relationships between different communication approaches and concordance of oncologist-parent prognostic understanding.

METHODS:

In this prospective, longitudinal, mixed-methods study, serial disease reevaluation conversations were audio recorded across an advancing illness course for children with cancer and their families. Surveys and interviews also were conducted with oncologists and caregivers at specific time points targeting disease progression.

RESULTS:

Seventeen children experienced advancing illness on study, resulting in 141 recordings (40 hours). Fewer than 4% of recorded dialogue constituted prognostic communication, with most codes (77%) occurring during discussions about frank disease progression. Most recordings at study entry contained little or no prognosis communication dialogue, and oncologists rated curability lower than parents across all dyads. Parent-oncologist discordance typically was preceded by conversations without incurability statements; ultimately, concordance was achieved in most cases after the oncologist made direct statements about incurability. Content analysis revealed 3 distinct patterns (absent, deferred, and seed planting) describing the provision of prognostic communication across an advancing pediatric cancer course.

CONCLUSIONS:

When oncologists provided direct statements about incurability, prognostic understanding appeared to improve. Further research is needed to determine optimal timing for prognostic disclosure in alignment with patient and family preferences.
Prevalence and harmfulness of winter wheat brown leaf rust (Puccinia recondita Rob. ex desm. f. sp. tritici) in the Southern Steppe of Ukraine
Authors: Markovska O. , Dudchenko V. , Grechishkina T.
Published: May 2021

Apart from making farmers adapt agricultural technologies to new, more arid conditions in order to obtain sustainable and high yields, global climate change is also known to alter the pathogenicity of plant pathogens, the biological cycle of which is tightly associated with environmental factors. One of the most common diseases of winter wheat is brown leaf rust, caused by Puccinia recondita Rob. ex Desm. f. sp. tritici. In terms of its harmfulness and prevalence among other leaf and stem diseases, brown leaf rust is comparable to yellow and stem rust, septoria leaf blotch and other leaves blotches. Under arid conditions of the Southern Steppe of Ukraine, the disease manifests itself once every five years provided that sufficient moisture, indicated by the hydro-thermal index above 1.0, is present during the spring and summer vegetation periods. The main factor influencing the intensity of pathogen development is moisture supply from April to June (ΣTP> 50 mm). In 2019, the amount of precipitation during this period was 194 mm, which led to the disease development at the level of 18.4% with a spread of 27.2%. Productivity of winter wheat varieties such as Antonivka, Blago and Maria was reduced by 10.8-11.3%, when infected in the phase of milk grain stage (stages 73-77 on the BBCH scale), while net photosynthesis productivity decreased by 14.2-14.3%, which translates to lower average yields of 2.3-3.1 t/ha. To maximize the productive potential of varieties and effectively control the development of the causative agent of brown leaf rust in winter wheat under favourable conditions for epiphytic development, the application of systemic fungicides with long-term protective effect imparted by the chemical group of triazoles (Colossal e.c., 1.0 l/ha ) is recommended in stages 69-71 on the BBCH scale. This provides not only reliable crop protection (Eff.: 77.9-82.0%), but also yields at the level of 3.3 - 4.6 t/ha, depending on the variety under non-irrigated conditions.
Comfort and cow behavior during periods of intense precipitation
Authors: Borshch O.O. , Ruban S.Yu. , Gutyj B.V.
Published: May 2021

The purpose of this work was to study the influence of prolonged precipitation as rain on the behavior and comfortable resting place of cows by housing on open feedlots with and without shelters. It was found that the duration of lying down was longer by 47 minutes for the variant of housing on open feedlots with shelters and eating feed by 8 minutes in compared to open feedlots without shelters. Concerning to the indicators of standing and motion behaviour, the duration of these behavioural act by the variant of housing on open feedlots without shelters was slightly longer compared to housing on open feedlots with shelters: by 29 and 18 minutes, respectively. The skin temperature of cows was 0.4 °C higher by housing on open feedlots without shelters than that cow by housing on open feedlots with shelters. The temperature of resting place under lying cow was also higher by housing on open feedlots without shelters (by 0.6 °C). At the same time, the temperature in recreation areas under the shelters prevailed by 0.2 °C, the same indicator by housing on open feedlots without shelters. The average values of daily energy consumption for basic metabolism and heat exchange were 1.50 MJ higher by housing on open feedlots without shelters. The best scores on the indices of hygienic assessment and comfort housing conditions were by the variant of housing on open feedlots with shelters. The cows were slightly less polluted on their flanks, udders and limbs by housing of this technology than by housing on open feedlots without shelters.
Urban administration and sustainable development: terms of reference
Authors: Akimova I. , Blinova O. , Mankovskaya V.
Published: May 2021

The article is devoted to the feasibility of city administrations and modern urban sustainable development through a comprehensive review of the theoretical and legal framework. Nowadays, it is important to study the effectiveness of city administrations, which is heterogeneous in its structure, given its special place in the general system of competence of local self-government. Accordingly, problems arise not only in determining the structure of competence of city administrations, but also in setting its limits. Determining the limits of the competence of city administrations is the most important element that affects the consolidation of the general competence of municipal authorities and its redistribution among municipal entities, including the population of the urban district. The paper investigates not only the ambiguous and disordered content, but also the scope of competence of city district administrations. Based on the analysis of theoretical studies, provisions of regulatory legal acts that establish the powers of city administrations, their practical activities, some ways to address the issue of delimitation of competence of city administrations at the horizontal and vertical levels are proposed.
Ethology and features of the trophic activity of blood-sucking mosquitoes (Diptera, Culicidae) in the southern taiga of the Tyumen region
Authors: Khlyzova T.A.
Published: May 2021

In the Tyumen region (Russia), the daily rhythm of mosquitoes’ trophic activity in terms of comparing the number of individuals attacking humans and animals and the distribution of mosquitoes near cattle herds has not been studied before. The research was carried out in the sub-zone of the southern taiga forest zone of the Tyumen region in 2016-2017. The southern taiga has a high level of blood-sucking mosquitoes. In June, under the canopy of the forest, the animals are subjected to a massive round-the-clock attack, but in the daily rhythm of the trophic activity of these insects there are evening (at 23 hours) and morning (at 3-7 hours) rises in numbers. At the end of July, the daily rhythm has a high evening rise in numbers (at 21-23 hours) and a slight morning (at 5-7 hours). In open pastures, mosquito activity is less long and is characterized by one large maximum in the evening. Mosquitoes attacked animals in open areas only at night from 23 to 7 hours. The number of mosquitoes attacking calves in open areas was low and lower than the average of 2.2 ± 0.23 times per person. The nature of the daily rhythm of trophic activity of flying hematophages leaves its mark on the behavior of animals and their preference for certain biotopes on the pasture. With the number of mosquitoes observed during the day in the forest (from 2 to 32 individuals), calves preferred to graze in the open area, even with a high number of horseflies, only periodically hiding in more often shrubbery for a short time. At night, the calves are kept in the paddock, snuggling up to each other, which allows to some extent to limit the number of attacking insects. In the paddock during the night rest of the animals the largest number of mosquitoes (over 66%) flies directly near the calves at an altitude from the ground up to 1.9 meters, but single individuals are found at an altitude of more than 4 meters, a distance of 5-7 meters from calves the number of mosquitoes decreases twice, and 25-30 meters - 4 times. The high concentration of mosquitoes around the animals indicates the advisability of taking protective measures against their attack when keeping calves in open pens on pastures in the evening, when keeping animals at night in premises, treatment with repellents and insecticides should be carried out in the morning before pasture. This will allow to ensure calm and free behavior of animals during grazing and a wider coverage of various pasture biotopes.
Pre-sowing seed treatment in winter wheat and spring barley cultivation
Authors: Bezpal'ko V.V. , Stankevych S.V. , Matsyura A.V.
Published: May 2021

The increase in the cereal spike crops yield capacity under the current change of the climatic conditions in Ukraine will have a positive tendency in the nearest future, but the sustainable grain production under sharp weather fluctuations is possible only with the improvement of the agro-technological systems. The pre-sowing seed treatment with chemical synthesis pesticides remains the main method in the agricultural industry today. However, the pesticides inevitably have a negative influence on the ecosystem of any level. A more environmentally friendly method of seed treatment under the intensive technology is the combination of the microwave seed irradiation and seed incrustation with the plant growth regulators that provide an increase in the cereal crops yield capacity up to 15–20 %. It is possible to reduce the negative influence of chemical measures on the quality of the cereal crops seeds by using for the seed treatment a mixture of a treatment agent with the preparations having the stimulating properties. The most promising among all physical methods of the pre-sowing seed treatment is the microwave technology which suppresses the entire complex of the seed infection and can become an alternative to the chemical method of plant protection. The universal character and practical importance of MW technologies in combination with the growth regulating substances consist not only in the increase in the yield capacity of the field crops, but also in reducing the technogenic load on the environment. The peculiarity of EMF of EHF application in the agricultural production is the necessity to take into account the specific electro-physical, technological and biological properties of the crops, which high heterogeneity greatly influences the action of the electromagnetic energy and the final result.
Common partridge (Perdix perdix L.) in agrolandscapes of Central Ukraine: population dynamics and environmental implications
Authors: Novytskiy V.P. , Kondtratiuk V.M. , Mytyay I.S.
Published: May 2021

The analysis of the common partridge number dynamics during the first 15 years of the XXI century testified to its moderately fluctuating type with a tendency to dynamic reduction from 2000 to 2007. During the next 7-year period, there was a certain stabilization of the local population, which formed the lower plateau of indices within the range from 3.72 to 4.77 thousand individuals in 2007 and 2014, respectively. A 4-year cyclicity in changes of the local partridge cenopopulation dynamics was revealed. In general, 1-4 years of recession were followed by 1-2 years of relatively insignificant rise. It is worth noting, almost every subsequent peak did not reach the level of previous ones. The amplitude of fluctuations between the maximum (10.65 thousand specimens) and minimum (3.72 thousand specimens) values of the calculated birds in the regional lands was 6.94 thousand specimens, or 65.1% of the maximum. The mean density of birds in the lands during the study period was only 2.3±0.03 birds/thousand ha, with fluctuations from 5.3 to 1.8 birds/thousand ha. The duration of the period between the maximum (2000) and minimum (2007) numbers was 7 years, and the mean number for the study period was 4.63±0.057 thousand birds in the total area of over 2,018 thousand ha. At that time, during the study period, the upper population plateau was not recorded at all. Such changes are most likely due to the high degree of "predation" of the common fox, mass poaching, weak biotechnical measures, unsatisfactory natural fodder base in critical periods of the year and non-compliance with agricultural standards by farmers.
КОМП’ЮТЕРНЕ МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ ЗАДАЧІ ДВОШАРОВОГО ПІДКРІПЛЕННЯ
Authors: Гарт Е. Л. , Пацюк А. Г. , Бейцун В. С.
Published: May 2021

Здійснено комп’ютерне моделювання напружено-деформованого стану плоского елемента пружного неоднорідного середовища з центрально розташованим круговим отвором та одним/двома кільцевими підкріпленнями при використанні методу скінченних елементів. Досліджено вплив двошарового підкріплення кругового отвору у матриці на напружено-деформований стан пластини, що знаходиться в умовах одновісного розтягу, за різних механічних властивостей матеріалу матриці і включень та кількості підкріплень.