bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Detection of Crimean–Congo Haemorrhagic Fever Virus from Livestock Ticks in Northern, Central and Southern Senegal in 2021
Authors: Badji Aminata , Ndiaye Mignane , Gaye Alioune , Dieng Idrissa , Ndiaye El Hadji , Dolgova Anna S. , Mhamadi Moufid , Diouf Babacar , Dia Ibrahima , Dedkov Vladimir G. , Faye Oumar , Diallo Mawlouth
Published: June 2023

Crimean–Congo haemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) occurs sporadically in Senegal, with a few human cases each year. This active circulation of CCHFV motivated this study which investigated different localities of Senegal to determine the diversity of tick species, tick infestation rates in livestock and livestock infections with CCHFV. The samples were collected in July 2021 from cattle, sheep and goats in different locations in Senegal. Tick samples were identified and pooled by species and sex for CCHFV detection via RT-PCR. A total of 6135 ticks belonging to 11 species and 4 genera were collected. The genus Hyalomma was the most abundant (54%), followed by Amblyomma (36.54%), Rhipicephalus (8.67%) and Boophilus (0.75%). The prevalence of tick infestation was 92%, 55% and 13% in cattle, sheep and goats, respectively. Crimean–Congo haemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) was detected in 54/1956 of the tested pools. The infection rate was higher in ticks collected from sheep (0.42/1000 infected ticks) than those from cattle (0.13/1000), while all ticks collected from goats were negative. This study confirmed the active circulation of CCHFV in ticks in Senegal and highlights their role in the maintenance of CCHFV. It is imperative to take effective measures to control tick infestation in livestock to prevent future CCHFV infections in humans.
Predicting Gentrification in England: A Data Primitive Approach
Authors: Gray Jennie , Buckner Lisa , Comber Alexis
Published: June 2023

Geodemographic classifications are useful tools for segmenting populations and have many applications but are not suitable for measuring neighbourhood change over time. There is a need for an approach that uses data of a higher spatiotemporal resolution to capture the fundamental dimensions of processes driving local changes. Data primitives are measures that capture the fundamental drivers of neighbourhood processes and therefore offer a suitable route. In this article, three types of gentrification are conceptualised, and four key data primitives are applied to capture them in a case study region in Yorkshire, England. These areas are visually validated according to their temporal properties to confirm the presence of gentrification and are then assigned to a high-level gentrification type. Ensemble modelling is then used to predict the presence, type, and temporal properties of gentrification across the rest of England. The results show an alignment of the spatial extent of gentrification types with previous gentrification studies throughout the country but may have made an overprediction in London. The periodicities of (1) residential, (2) rural, and (3) transport-led gentrification also vary throughout the country, but regardless of type, gentrification in areas within close proximity to one another have differing velocities such that they peak and complete within similar times. These temporal findings offer new, more timely tools for authorities in devising schedules of interventions and for understanding the intricacies of neighbourhood change.
Megalocytivirus and Other Members of the Family Iridoviridae in Finfish: A Review of the Etiology, Epidemiology, Diagnosis, Prevention and Control
Authors: Qin Pan , Munang’andu Hetron Mweemba , Xu Cheng , Xie Jianjun
Published: June 2023

Aquaculture has expanded to become the fastest growing food-producing sector in the world. However, its expansion has come under threat due to an increase in diseases caused by pathogens such as iridoviruses commonly found in aquatic environments used for fish farming. Of the seven members belonging to the family Iridoviridae, the three genera causing diseases in fish comprise ranaviruses, lymphocystiviruses and megalocytiviruses. These three genera are serious impediments to the expansion of global aquaculture because of their tropism for a wide range of farmed-fish species in which they cause high mortality. As economic losses caused by these iridoviruses in aquaculture continue to rise, the urgent need for effective control strategies increases. As a consequence, these viruses have attracted a lot of research interest in recent years. The functional role of some of the genes that form the structure of iridoviruses has not been elucidated. There is a lack of information on the predisposing factors leading to iridovirus infections in fish, an absence of information on the risk factors leading to disease outbreaks, and a lack of data on the chemical and physical properties of iridoviruses needed for the implementation of biosecurity control measures. Thus, the synopsis put forth herein provides an update of knowledge gathered from studies carried out so far aimed at addressing the aforesaid informational gaps. In summary, this review provides an update on the etiology of different iridoviruses infecting finfish and epidemiological factors leading to the occurrence of disease outbreaks. In addition, the review provides an update on the cell lines developed for virus isolation and culture, the diagnostic tools used for virus detection and characterization, the current advances in vaccine development and the use of biosecurity in the control of iridoviruses in aquaculture. Overall, we envision that the information put forth in this review will contribute to developing effective control strategies against iridovirus infections in aquaculture.
MRP8/14 Is a Molecular Signature Triggered by Dopamine in HIV Latent Myeloid Targets That Increases HIV Transcription and Distinguishes HIV+ Methamphetamine Users with Detectable CSF Viral Load and Brain Pathology
Authors: Basova Liana V. , Lindsey Alexander , McGovern Annemarie , Rosander Ashley , Delorme-Walker Violaine , ElShamy Wael M. , Pendyala Ved Vasishtha , Gaskill Peter Jesse , Ellis Ronald J. , Cherner Mariana , Iudicello Jennifer E. , Marcondes Maria Cecilia Garibaldi
Published: June 2023

There is a significant overlap between HIV infection and substance-use disorders. Dopamine (DA) is the most abundantly upregulated neurotransmitter in methamphetamine abuse, with receptors (DRD1-5) that are expressed by neurons as well as by a large diversity of cell types, including innate immune cells that are the targets of HIV infection, making them responsive to the hyperdopaminergic environment that is characteristic of stimulant drugs. Therefore, the presence of high levels of dopamine may affect the pathogenesis of HIV, particularly in the brain. The stimulation of HIV latently infected U1 promonocytes with DA significantly increased viral p24 levels in the supernatant at 24 h, suggesting effects on activation and replication. Using selective agonists to different DRDs, we found that DRD1 played a major role in activating viral transcription, followed by DRD4, which increased p24 with a slower kinetic rate compared to DRD1. Transcriptome and systems biology analyses led to the identification of a cluster of genes responsive to DA, where S100A8 and S100A9 were most significantly correlated with the early increase in p24 levels following DA stimulation. Conversely, DA increased the expression of these genes’ transcripts at the protein level, MRP8 and MRP14, respectively, which form a complex also known as calprotectin. Interestingly, MRP8/14 was able to stimulate HIV transcription in latent U1 cells, and this occurred via binding of the complex to the receptor for an advanced glycosylation end-product (RAGE). Using selective agonists, both DRD1 and DRD4 increased MRP8/14 on the surface, in the cytoplasm, as well as secreted in the supernatants. On the other hand, while DRD1/5 did not affect the expression of RAGE, DRD4 stimulation caused its downregulation, offering a mechanism for the delayed effect via DRD4 on the p24 increase. To cross-validate MRP8/14 as a DA signature with a biomarker value, we tested its expression in HIV+ Meth users’ postmortem brain specimens and peripheral cells. MRP8/14+ cells were more frequently identified in mesolimbic areas such as the basal ganglia of HIV+ Meth+ cases compared to HIV+ non-Meth users or to controls. Likewise, MRP8/14+ CD11b+ monocytes were more frequent in HIV+ Meth users, particularly in specimens from participants with a detectable viral load in the CSF. Overall, our results suggest that the MRP8 and MRP14 complex may serve as a signature to distinguish subjects using addictive substances in the context of HIV, and that this may play a role in aggravating HIV pathology by promoting viral replication in people with HIV who use Meth.
The Global Monkeypox (Mpox) Outbreak: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Srivastava Shriyansh , Kumar Sachin , Jain Shagun , Mohanty Aroop , Thapa Neeraj , Poudel Prabhat , Bhusal Krishna , Al-qaim Zahraa , Barboza Joshuan , Padhi Bijaya , Sah Ranjit
Published: June 2023

Monkeypox (Mpox) is a contagious illness that is caused by the monkeypox virus, which is part of the same family of viruses as variola, vaccinia, and cowpox. It was first detected in the Democratic Republic of the Congo in 1970 and has since caused sporadic cases and outbreaks in a few countries in West and Central Africa. In July 2022, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared a public-health emergency of international concern due to the unprecedented global spread of the disease. Despite breakthroughs in medical treatments, vaccines, and diagnostics, diseases like monkeypox still cause death and suffering around the world and have a heavy economic impact. The 85,189 reported cases of Mpox as of 29 January 2023 have raised alarm bells. Vaccines for the vaccinia virus can protect against monkeypox, but these immunizations were stopped after smallpox was eradicated. There are, however, treatments available once the illness has taken hold. During the 2022 outbreak, most cases occurred among men who had sex with men, and there was a range of 7–10 days between exposure and the onset of symptoms. Three vaccines are currently used against the Monkeypox virus. Two of these vaccines were initially developed for smallpox, and the third is specifically designed for biological-terrorism protection. The first vaccine is an attenuated, nonreplicating smallpox vaccine that can also be used for immunocompromised individuals, marketed under different names in different regions. The second vaccine, ACAM2000, is a recombinant second-generation vaccine initially developed for smallpox. It is recommended for use in preventing monkeypox infection but is not recommended for individuals with certain health conditions or during pregnancy. The third vaccine, LC16m8, is a licensed attenuated smallpox vaccine designed to lack the B5R envelope-protein gene to reduce neurotoxicity. It generates neutralizing antibodies to multiple poxviruses and broad T-cell responses. The immune response takes 14 days after the second dose of the first two vaccines and 4 weeks after the ACAM2000 dose for maximal immunity development. The efficacy of these vaccines in the current outbreak of monkeypox is uncertain. Adverse events have been reported, and a next generation of safer and specific vaccines is needed. Although some experts claim that developing vaccines with a large spectrum of specificity can be advantageous, epitope-focused immunogens are often more effective in enhancing neutralization.
Adaptive Constant-Current/Constant-Voltage Charging of a Battery Cell Based on Cell Open-Circuit Voltage Estimation
Authors: Pavković Danijel , Kasać Josip , Krznar Matija , Cipek Mihael
Published: June 2023

This paper presents the novel design of a constant-current/constant-voltage charging control strategy for a battery cell. The proposed control system represents an extension of the conventional constant-current/constant-voltage charging based on the so-called cascade control system arrangement with the adaptation of the battery charging current based on the open-circuit voltage parameter estimation. The proposed control strategy features two feedback controllers of the proportional-integral type responsible for: (i) controlling the battery open-circuit voltage towards its fully charged state, and (ii) simultaneously limiting the battery terminal voltage to avoid the battery terminal voltage constraint violation. The open-circuit voltage on-line estimation is implemented by using the system reference adaptive model approach to estimate the linear time-invariant battery equivalent circuit model parameters, whose asymptotic convergence is guaranteed according to Lyapunov stability theory. The proposed concept of the battery charging control is verified by means of simulations using the experimentally obtained model of a lithium iron phosphate battery cell, and it is also compared to other charging methods with respect to charging speed-up potential compared to conventional charging. The proposed method, which can be easily extended to conventional chargers, results in 23.9% faster charging compared to conventional charging, thus representing an inexpensive and straightforward upgrade to conventional battery charging systems.
Etikus AI: Javaslat az európai uniós megbízható AI-szabályozás hiányosságainak áthidalására és a gyakorlati implementáció támogatására
Authors: Prisznyák Alexandra
Published: June 2023

A GPT–3 2020-ban gondolkodó robotként definiálta magát. Az AI fejlődéstörténetét a gépek egyre intelligensebbé válásával azonosítják, hátterében ugyanakkor az emberi faktor áll, az emberi elme szárnyalása. A gépek etikájának kérdése ugyanakkor kulturális etikusság kérdés is. A szerző 7 iparágat érintően folytatott mélyinterjúk alapján feltárja: az AI-rendszerek fejlesztése során az etikus szempontokat egyelőre nem veszik figyelembe. A gyakorlati implementáció támogatás céljából a szerző az EU mesterséges intelligenciáról szóló jogszabálya és a megbízható mesterséges intelligenciára vonatkozó etikai irányelveinek összehasonlító elemzése alapján két hiányosságot azonosít: (1) az AI-rendszerfejlesztők és felügyelők etikai érzékenyítése, képzése; (2) a káros visszacsatolási hurkok és döntéshozatali torzulás javasolt kezelése. Áthidalásképpen a szerző 21 filozófus filozófiai és etikai örökségét kompaszként használva, javaslatot tesz az azonosított gapek és szervezeti integrációs hiányosságok áthidalására.
Evaluation of Risk Factors in Patients with Head and Neck Cancer: A Case Control Study
Authors: Dalirsani Zohreh , Delavarian Zahra , Pakfetrat Atessa , Akbarzade Mahlabani Fateme , Taherizadeh Mahboobeh , Ghazi Ala
Published: June 2023

Background: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is one of the most common types of cancer worldwide. Since there are many factors that influence the development of cancer, identifying risk factors plays an important role in cancer prevention. The aim of this study was therefore to identify the risk factors for HNSCC in Mashhad, Iran. Methods: In this case-control study, 76 patients with HNSCC were included as the case and 91 healthy people as the control group. A checklist of risk factors was completed for each participant and the two groups were compared for the presence of risk factors. Chi-square, t test, and Mann-Whitney tests were used to compare the data. Odds ratios (ORs) for several factors have also been determined. Findings: The educational level and body mass index (BMI) of the patients in the case group were significantly lower than in the control group (P<0.001). Moreover, there were significant differences between the two groups in terms of risk factors such as tobacco smoking, the number of cigarettes smoked per day, and its duration (P=0.001, P<0.001, P=0.05), as well as the duration of hookah smoking, opium consumed per day and use of alcohol (P=0.023, P<0.001, P=0.015). Conclusion: There was a direct relationship between HNSCC and risk factors such as cigarette smoking, number of cigarettes smoked per day, duration of cigarette consumption and hookah, opium consumed per day, and alcohol use. However, extensive studies with larger sample sizes are needed to better assess the impact of these factors and generalize the results.
The Effect of an Educational Intervention Based on the Theory of Protection Motivation on the Promotion of Safe Traffic Behaviors in Adolescents
Authors: Borhani Mahboobe , Behdad Elahe , Mehri Ali , Hosseini Zakieh Sadat , Tatari Mahin
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Traffic accidents are one of the biggest public health challenges. Considering the role of safe behaviors in reducing traffic accidents, the present study was conducted to determine the effect of educational intervention based on protection motivation theory on promoting safe traffic behaviors in male students. Methods: In this study, male students were randomly divided into two control group (n=70) and an intervention group (n=70). After confirming the validity and reliability, a researcher-made questionnaire consisting of 63 questions based on the theory of protection motivation was distributed among the students. The students in the intervention group received training for 90 minutes for four weeks. The data were collected in the form of self-report immediately and six months after the intervention and analyzed by the statistical tests of correlation, Chi-square, multiple regression, repeated measures ANOVA, and t tests using SPSS version 19. Results: The structures of protection motivation theory predicted 21% of the variance of safe behaviors. Immediately after the educational intervention, except for the fear construct, the mean scores of other theoretical constructs and students’ safe behaviors were significant between the two groups, but the mean scores were not significant six months after the educational intervention except for perceived self-efficacy, perceived response efficacy, protection motivation of other studied theoretical constructs, and safe behaviors (P>0.05). Conclusion: Considering the influence of several components on the formation of safe traffic behavior, it seems that to promote safe behaviors of students, in addition to designing theory-based training programs, creating supportive infrastructures by policymakers and planners is essential for correct traffic behaviors.
Effect of Education Based on the Health Belief Model on Treatment Adherence in Patients With Heart Valve Replacement Surgery
Authors: Khodaveisi Masoud , Vesali Fallah Soheila , Amini Roya , Tapak Leili
Published: June 2023

Background: Adherence to the treatment regimen reduces complications of surgery after heart valve replacement. Educating the patient can improve treatment adherence. This study thus aimed to evaluate the effect of education based on the health belief model (HBM) on treatment adherence in patients with heart valve replacement surgery. Methods: In this quasi-experimental research, a total of 90 patients undergoing valve replacement surgery were studied. The subjects were selected randomly and then divided into an intervention and a control group using the permutation blocks method. The data were collected using a demographic questionnaire, an HBM- based questionnaire, and a treatment adherence questionnaire during two stages before and one month after the education. Three 60-minute sessions on HBM- based education were held based on a need assessment for the intervention group. The collected data were analyzed using the chi-square test, paired t test, independent t test, and linear regression in SPSS software version 16.0. Results: Most of the patients in the two groups were male, married, and employed, had reading and writing literacy and lived in an urban area. Both groups were similar in terms of demographic data except for marital status, disease history, and familial disease history. The mean scores of knowledge, HBM constructs (e.g., perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, perceived self-efficacy, and cues to action), and treatment adherence were greater in the control group than in the intervention group pre-intervention. However, the mean scores of all variables improved in the intervention group, and there were significant differences in the knowledge, all HBM constructs (except for perceived susceptibility and perceived self-efficacy), and medical adherence between the two groups post-intervention (P<0.05). Conclusion: Considering the positive effect of HBM-based educational intervention on the patients’ treatment adherence, HBM-based education could be suggested for patients with heart valve replacement surgery.
Systematic Review of Health Literacy and Health Promotion in School-Aged Adolescents
Authors: Khanal Shanti Prasad , Budhathoki Chitra Bahadur , Okan Orkan , Teijlingen Edwin van , Sharma Mohan Kumar , Acharya Jib , Wood Cate
Published: June 2023

Background: The literature has identified gaps in adolescent health literacy (AHL) measurements, as well as how the health literacy (HL) level is related to health promotion (HP) aspects. This study aimed to examine the tools used to measure HL and determine its relation with HP among adolescents. Methods: Three online databases (HINARI, PubMed, and DOAJ) were searched to conduct a systematic assessment of papers published between January 1, 2016, and January 1, 2021. In this review, 373 articles were identified from these databases. After removing duplicates and screening titles and abstracts of articles, 49 full texts were selected for full-text reading. After comprehensive reading, 23 papers were appraised for qualitative synthesis. Results: Of the 23 reviewed papers, 21 focused on assessing AHL measures, and 15 addressed the association between AHL and HP. Seven studies used the HL School-Aged Children instrument. The findings suggested that the methodological and conceptual underpinnings of HL measures are insufficient. Furthermore, HL acts as an independent and positive mediator for many facets of HP. Conclusion: This review offers a warning to practitioners and educationists interested in measuring HL as the number of measurement tools is quite huge with different tools applying different scales.
Description of the Surgical and Prosthetic Workflow of a Patient Rehabilitated with Implant-Retained Auricular Prosthesis
Authors: Jafarian Zahra , Zarrati Simindokht , Karimi Afshar Mehrnaz
Published: June 2023

Facial tissue loss is acquired as a result of congenital anomalies or acquisitional misshapen like tumoral lesions or accidents. These defects result in functional problems, esthetic concerns, and also psychosocial troubles and could be repaired by plastic surgery or reconstructed using facial prostheses. Conventional tissue-supported auricular prostheses meet lots of challenges due to dependence on tissue undercut or adhesive for retention. Implant-retained auricular prostheses lessen the complications related to adhesive-retained prostheses and alleviate the need for invasive plastic surgery. Implant-retained auricular prostheses provide patients with secure retention and avoid prosthesis disengagement caused by movable surrounding soft tissue. The impact of prostheses with secured retention and satisfactory esthetics on the self-confidence of patients with facial defects is promising. This paper aimed to describe the surgical and prosthetic workflow of a patient with acquired ear deformity due to basal cell carcinoma (BCC) which was rehabilitated with implant retained auricular prosthesis.
The Clinical Effects of Laser Acupuncture on Hospitalized Patients With Severe COVID-19: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Shojaeddin Arista , Fatemi Alireza , Razzaghi Zahra , Pishgahi Mehdi , Jahani Sherafat Somayeh , Razzaghi Mohammadreza , Shahrzad Mohamad Karim , Anaraki Nafiseh , Salehi Chiman , Amiri Aslan
Published: June 2023

Introduction: The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) was extended to the entire population in China and around the world, and its mortality rate was about 3.4%. The impact of laser therapy on chronic respiratory diseases has been shown in previous studies. This study was aimed at examining the effects of laser acupuncture (LA) on patients with severe COVID-19. Methods: In the present study, 60 patients with a positive reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test were assigned to the intervention and control groups (30 patients in each group). The intervention group was treated with LA, that is, laser light with low energy on acupuncture points, once a day for five consecutive days. Results: The participants’ mean age in the intervention and control groups was 48.96±12.65 and 53.16±12.28 respectively; 70% of the patients were male and 30% of them were female. IL6 had a significant reduction in the intervention group (P value=0.038) in comparison with the control group (P value=0.535). Furthermore, the mean admission time in the control group was significantly higher than that in the intervention group (P value=0.047). However, the mortality rate in the intervention group was zero, but three patients in the control group died. Conclusion: Our study showed that LA can be used as supportive therapy for routine treatment in patients with severe COVID-19. Moreover, due to LA safety and it’s low cost, it could be recommended as an adjuvant to conventional therapy in patients interested in treating their disease with such a method.
Evaluation of educational needs assessment and management of dental traumas in primary school teachers, in Iran and worldwide: A systematic review
Authors: Molaei Mojde , Abedassar Saeedeh , Najminouri Fatemeh
Published: June 2023

Background: Every year, many primary school children suffer from dental trauma. The long-term success of treatment depends on immediate emergency care and initial professional management after the injury occurs. Therefore, primary school teachers can play an important role in the management of traumatic dental injuries (TDIs). As no systematic review has been conducted on this subject in Iran, the present study aimed to investigate the educational needs assessment and management of dental trauma in primary school teachers in Iran and in other countries. Methods: In this systematic review, four main electronic databases, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar, were examined with keywords derived from MESH and by designing a detailed search strategy. The studies were then transferred to EndNote software version 20 and screened based on preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and according to the study input criteria. Then, the selected studies were reviewed to extract the data based on the objectives of the study. Results: Eventually 19 studies were included in the final review phase out of the 774 studies obtained during the systematic search. Five of these studies were specific to Iran. The present study showed that the knowledge of primary school teachers about managing dental traumas is insufficient, and it is necessary to train them on appropriate trauma management to improve their ability and performance. Conclusion: There are gaps in the management of dental traumas that confirm the need for effective education and intervention to improve the knowledge, performance, attitude, and ability of teachers.
Nudge Management in Healthcare Organizations: Causes and Motives
Authors: Shamsi Fatemeh , Malekzadeh Gholamreza , Khorakian Alireza , Zarei Matin Hasan
Published: June 2023

Background: A nudge can cause favorable behavioral changes in line with organizational goals and even increase productivity, satisfaction with, and trust in healthcare organizations. Nurses must make sound and fast decisions to meet patient needs and perform the necessary interventions as they have limited time to stop and logically analyze what actions they must take. Besides, sometimes people make decisions that are not bad for them, but they need to receive help to make better choices. Hence, nudging strategies can help them to make more effective decisions. To this end, the present study aimed to identify the reasons for using nudges in healthcare organizations. Methods: Following interpretive philosophy and a qualitative approach, the present study sought to identify the reasons for using nudges. This study was conducted using a grounded theory approach based on Colaizzi’s seven-step data analysis method. The research population included nurses working in private and public hospitals in Kerman. The participants were 15 nurses who were selected through purposive sampling until the data were saturated. Results: Data analysis showed people tend to use nudges for individual reasons such as minimizing mistakes at work, reducing stress, valuable changes, decreasing the risk of criticism, reducing the halo effect and stereotyping errors, preserving the personality, not losing freedom, cognitive limitations, increasing the probability of accepting the message, and maintaining relationships; managerial reasons such as flexible and gradual nature of nudges, risk management, extra-role behaviors, safety, the elimination of unnecessary formalities, ease of use, cost-effectiveness, and behavior management; and finally organizational reasons such as increasing productivity, creating a favorable climate, promoting a culture of criticism, win-win strategy, increasing trust in the organization, and risk management tools. Conclusion:The data in this study revealed that staff in healthcare organizations tend to use nudges for individual, managerial, and organizational reasons. An awareness of these reasons helps healthcare organizations to use nudging strategies in emergencies and in a limited period to change employees’ behavior in line with organizational goals and policies.
Reliability, Validity, and Transcultural Adaptation of New Persian Version of Celiac Disease Quality of Life Questionnaire
Authors: Niknam Ramin , Jafari Peyman , Safarpour Ali Reza , Shojaei-Zarghani Sara , Fattahi Mohammad Reza
Published: June 2023

Background: Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) assessment in patients with celiac disease (CD) leads to understanding the impact of the CD and interventions on the individual and society. The aim of this study was transcultural adaptation and evaluation of the reliability and validity of the standardized questionnaire of celiac disease quality of life (CD-QOL) in the Persian language in southwest Iran. Methods:150 adults with CD were randomly selected from the celiac clinic and Fars Celiac Registry to complete the New Persian version of the CD-QOL questionnaire. Transcultural adaptation of the questionnaire was conducted by a four-step procedure. The internal consistency of the CD-QOL subscales and convergent and discriminant validity were assessed using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient and Spearman’s correlation, respectively. Construct validity was evaluated by exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Results: All domains of the CD-QOL questionnaire had acceptable internal consistency, showing excellent reliability. The scaling success rates for convergent and discriminant validity were also within an acceptable range (87-100%). In the factor analysis model, similar to the original English version, four factors were extracted characterizing the patients’ answers (limitations, dysphoria, health concerns, and inadequate treatment). Conclusion: Our Persian version of the CD-QOL questionnaire had high reliability and validity and could be used in clinical practice assessing the CD-specific HRQOL in the Iranian population.
Atypical Presentation of Adult-Onset Still’s Disease
Authors: Sobhrakhshankhah Elham , Zamani Farhad , Behnam Behdad , Ajdarkosh Hossein , Faraji Amirhossein , Khonsari Mahmoodreza , Nikkhah Mehdi
Published: June 2023

Adult-onset Still’s disease (AOSD) is a rare rheumatic disorder with various presentations. It is diagnosed based on the Yamaguchi criteria, besides the exclusion of infectious diseases and other rheumatic disorders and malignancies. Here, we describe a case of a young man, presenting with remittent fever, abdominal pain, and persistent nausea. Further evaluations showed elevated acute phase reactants, abnormal levels of liver transaminase, multiple lymphadenopathies, and pleural effusion. He was finally diagnosed with AOSD and responded well to corticosteroids and methotrexate. We describe the present case to alert gastroenterologists to AOSD as a rare differential diagnosis in patients with persistent gastrointestinal symptoms.
Mukâtil b. Süleymân’ın Tefsir Yönteminden Hareketle Tefsirde Rivayet-Dirayet Ayrımının İmkânı Üzerine
Authors: ÇALIŞKAN BAŞER Hatice Merve
Published: June 2023

Rivayetlerdeki bilginin aktarılmasıyla oluşan tefsire rivayet; akıl, dil vb. unsuların öne çıktığı tefsire dirâyet tefsiri denilmişse de bunlar farklı şekillerde anlaşılmıştır. Zehebî(ö.1977)’nin çalışmalarıyla sınıflandırılmaya başlanan bu durum, net sınırların çizilmesine imkan vermemekte ve bazı muğlak durumlara sebep olmaktadır. Çalışmanın konusu günümüze tam olarak ulaşmış ilk tefsirin yazarı olan ve rivayet kullanırken bazı yerlerde bundan söz etmeyen Mukâtil’in te’vil tarzından hareketle rivayet-dirâyet ayrımının imkanını ortaya koymaktır. Çalışmada bugün tefsir ilminin bir parçası kabul edilen meselenin problematik yönünün, bir tefsir üzerinden somutlaştırılarak ortaya konması amaçlanmıştır. Makalede tefsir, nitel araştırma yönteminin doküman analizi tekniğiyle incelenmiştir. Edinilen bulgular rivayetlerle karşılaştırmalı olarak irdelenmiştir. Dirâyet diye tanımlanan tefsirler senedli-senedsiz olarak veya herhangi bilgi zikretmeden rivayet kullanabilmektedir. Öte yandan rivayet tefsiri diye adlandırılan eserlere alınacak rivayetlerin seçilmesi, onların arasından tercihin belirtilmesi ve ayetin rivayetlerle ilişkilendirilmesi dirâyet örneğidir. Mukâtil de kimi yerlerde rivayet olduğunu belirtmeden onlara yer vermiş ve onlardan farklı şekillerde özgün bir yorum için istifade etmiştir.
Using Computer Tomographic (CT) Images, A Rebust Hybrid Computer-Aided Deep Learning Framework for Lung Cancer Classification
Authors:   University of Engineering & Technology, Peshawar, Pakistan, Jabbar Abdul , Khtaak M. Irfan ,   University of Engineering & Technology, Peshawar, Pakistan, ULLAH Arif ,   University of Engineering & Technology, Peshawar, Pakistan
Published: June 2023

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Bir Endüstri Mirasının Dönüşümü: Su Kuleleri
Authors: EYÜBOĞLU Hande , FAİZ BÜYÜKÇAM Serap
Published: June 2023

Endüstri devrimi ile üretim teknolojisinde önemli gelişmeler meydana gelerek insan gücünün yerini makineye dayalı seri üretim almıştır. Seri üretim ile birlikte üretim biçimlerindeki teknolojik gelişmeler yeni mekânsal gereksinimleri beraberinde getirmiş ve büyük açıklıklı endüstri yapıları ile teknolojiler ve donamınlar içeren yerleşkeler yaygınlaşmıştır. Tarihi süreçte endüstri kültürünün tarihsel, sosyal, teknolojik ve mimari temsilleri birer miras nesnesi haline gelerek endüstri mirası kavramı ortaya çıkmıştır. Zaman içinde teknolojik altyapıya uyum sağlayamamaları gibi nedenler bu yapıların işlevlerini yitirmelerine yol açmıştır. Bu çalışmada, endüstri mirasının bir bileşeni olan su kulelerinin yaşam mekânlarına dönüşümünü tartışmak amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmanın yöntemi örneklemi oluşturan yapıların mekân ve çevre analizleri üzerine kurgulanmıştır. Mekân analizleriyle, yeni işlevin özgün mekânlarla ilişkisi tartışılırken fiziksel parametreler çevre analizleriyle değerlendirilmiştir. Sonuç olarak hem işlevi hem de kütle ve mekân organizasyonu kapsamında dikkat çekici yapılar olan su kulelerinin yeni işleve uyarlanmasında pratik kullanım sağlanmış ve tarihi özelliklerinin göz ardı edilmediği görülmüştür.
Observatório do Turismo & Economia do Mar
Authors: Lopes dos Santos Aristides Faria
Published: June 2023

Este relato de experiência trata do “Sistema Integrado de Gestão de Destinos Turísticos” e sua implementação por meio de projetos de extensão e iniciação científica no âmbito do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de São Paulo (Câmpus Cubatão). O objetivo deste trabalho foi relatar o processo de operacionalização do “Observatório do Turismo & Economia do Mar”. Trata-se de estudo de caso, conduzido com abordagem qualitativa. Procedeu-se à pesquisa bibliográfica assistemática e pesquisa documental. A área de abrangência adotada foi a Região Metropolitana da Baixada Santista, localizada no litoral de São Paulo. Entre os resultados, destaca-se a elaboração de um modelo conceitual de gestão de destinos turísticos, que poderá ser objeto de replicação no contexto brasileiro.
Palavras-chave: Turismo; economia do mar; marketing; gestão pública; destinos turísticos.
Liderazgo y personalización de la política. Sánchez y Casado en las elecciones generales de 2019: el papel constructor de las televisiones generalistas al bipartidismo
Authors: Pop Anastasia-Ioana , Marín Pérez Benjamín , Pérez-Sánchez Javier
Published: June 2023

El artículo aborda la cobertura televisiva de los principales líderes y partidos candidatos a la presidencia del gobierno de España durante las dos elecciones generales de 2019. El objetivo es ofrecer un análisis del tratamiento que las cadenas más importantes, TVE, Antena 3 y Telecinco hicieron de las dos campañas electorales en sus informativos de máxima audiencia para medir su aportación a la personalización de la política a través de los líderes y comprobar si contribuyen al posicionamiento mediático de unos partidos más que a otros. Se sustenta en un método cuantitativo, identificando diferentes elementos comunes, y complementado con un análisis cualitativo basado en el estudio del contenido de las noticias.  En ambos casos se tienen en cuenta las menciones a los candidatos y partidos a través de las entradillas del presentador, la voz en off del periodista, la rotulación, el contenido de las imágenes y las intervenciones de los líderes que aparecen en las 266 piezas que se han estudiado. Las cadenas, además de dar mayor protagonismo a los líderes que a los propios partidos, privilegian la figura de Pablo Casado y Pedro Sánchez sobre el resto de los candidatos. Los informativos analizados otorgan un mayor protagonismo a los líderes del PSOE y del PP que a los del resto de fuerzas políticas, contribuyendo de esta manera al bipartidismo en España.
A modern approach to the maintenance of gravity sewers of public utilities
Authors: Татанов Ю.И. , Мелехов Р.В.
Published: June 2023

Для большинства предприятий коммунального хозяйства характерны проблемы, связанные с существенным износом систем сбора, транспортировки и очистки сточных вод, а также с выбросами сероводорода, ухудшением работы очистных сооружений. Одна из основных причин – несвоевременная очистка трубопроводов, транспортирующих сточные воды, последствием которой является вторичное загрязнение стоков. Решение указанных проблем заключается в правильной организации работ по комплексному обслуживанию самотечных канализационных коллекторов. Предлагается наиболее рациональный комбинированный подход к обслуживанию самотечных канализационных коллекторов, сочетающий сокращение мощности собственных структур предприятий водопроводно-канализационного хозяйства с привлечением на плановые работы аутсорсинговых компаний.

Most public utilities are facing typical problems associated with severe wear of wastewater collection, transportation and treatment systems, as well as with hydrogen sulfide emissions, and deterioration of the treatment facilities operation. One of the main reasons is untimely cleaning of pipelines transporting wastewater resulting in the secondary pollution of wastewater. The solution to the afore-referenced problems lies in the proper organization of the integrated maintenance of gravity sewers. The most rational combined approach to the maintenance of gravity sewers is proposed, that combines reducing the capacity of the own structures of water supply and wastewater enterprises with inviting outsourcing companies for the scheduled maintenance.
Physiotherapy Management in Postoperative Anterior Cruciate Ligament
Authors: Irianto Irianto , Wahab Bustaman , Ainun Nur , Sirenden Anastasya Fanny , Nuskin Gita Safirah
Published: June 2023

Stabilization of the tibia when moving forward and rotational movements of the knee joint will be assisted by one of the ligaments in the knee joint, namely the Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL). This study aims to present physiotherapy management strategies to help reduce pain, prevent stiffness, increase muscle strength, decrease muscle spasms, increase the joint scope of motion, and overcome edema. The method used in this study is a case report. Primary data are obtained through auto anamnesis and physical examination. Holistic diagnosis assessment is carried out quantitatively from the study's beginning, process, and end. The result is that a 33-year-old male patient with a postoperative diagnosis of ACL underwent surgery on November 14, 2022, and has done therapy 7 times; the patient has experienced significant changes. It can be concluded that postoperative ACL rehabilitation can reduce edema and pain, increase muscle strength, and increase ROM. Finding interventions that can be applied to learning and modification of interventions is also recommended to assist in post-ACL reconstruction recovery to return to daily activities. The diagnosis and treatment of physiotherapy in patients are by the latest theories and research. In the evaluation, clinical improvement of patients and increased knowledge were obtained
Quale ossimoro è preferibile: grandi minori o minori grandi?
Authors: De Vecchis Kevin
Published: June 2023

Il Comitato Etico per la pratica clinica pediatrica della Regione Veneto, per tramite della Dr.ssa Laura Sainati (Medico di Oncoematologia Pediatrica), ci scrive: “Tra i minori, specie in temi di diritto e salute, è necessario distinguere gli individui più grandi, quelli con capacità di discernimento, che hanno la capacità di riconoscere il proprio miglior interesse e quindi il diritto ad essere ascoltati. Questi individui, da una definizione mutuata dalla lingua francese, vengono definiti comunemente, grandi minori. La mia domanda è se non sarebbe più giusto identificare, tra gli individui di minore età, quelli più grandi come minori grandi piuttosto che grandi minori. Nella grammatica italiana (Serianni L., Della Valle V., Patota G., Italiano plurale, ed. Mondadori) l’aggettivo anteposto al nome ha un ruolo descrittivo, l’aggettivo posposto ha un ruolo restrittivo, quindi i minori grandi dovrebbero essere tra tutti i minori quelli più grandi”.
Liderazgo directivo y desarrollo productivo del sector automotriz
Authors: Rivera Manzano Lisbeth Daniela
Published: June 2023

El presente estudio investigativo tuvo como objetivo determinar la relación del liderazgo directivo y el desarrollo productivo del sector automotriz en Guayaquil. Se incluye la teoría de equipos de alto rendimiento de Peñalver (2019), basada en la confianza, compromiso, resultados y reconocimiento. Es relevante la confianza que manifiesta un líder que dirige y apoya al equipo con seguridad.  La confianza que manifiesta un líder que dirige y apoya al equipo con seguridad genera un alto grado de compromiso al equipo para el logro de resultados que se espera del directivo con capacidad de trasmitir visión y asignar responsabilidades para el cumplimiento de metas y el desarrollo de cada individuo. El estudio cumple con una metodología de una investigación No experimental – Transversal, Básica y con un nivel Descriptivo-Correlacional. En el estudio censal, se obtuvo datos relevantes con la contribución de 14 colaboradores a través de dos cuestionarios para el análisis correspondiente y una entrevista al gerente de una empresa automotriz para conocer el trabajo de los colaboradores en la empresa, cuyo fin es visualizar como el liderazgo directivo se asocia al desarrollo productivo. Dentro de los resultados se obtuvo una relación significativa de las variables, en la misma se rechaza la hipótesis nula (Ho), y se acepta la hipótesis alternativa, cuya asociación es significativa de 0,05, con un coeficiente de correlación de Spearman positivo fuerte = ,564 a siendo esto un enfoque para llevar una mejor planificación y corregir las falencias para obtener resultados óptimos en la empresa automotriz.
Efficient Deep-Learning-Assisted Annotation for Medical Image Segmentation
Authors: Zhang Lichun , Chen Zhi , Zhang Honghai , Zaman Fahim Ahmed , Wahle Andreas , Wu Xiaodong , Sonka Milan
Published: June 2023

Image segmentation is a fundamental problem in medical image analysis. Deep learning (DL) methods have achieved state-of-the-art (SOTA) results in various medical image segmentation tasks. This success is largely attributable to the use of large annotated datasets for training. However, due to anatomical variations and complexity of medical image data, annotations of large medical image datasets are not only labor-intensive and time-consuming but also demand specialty-oriented skills. In this paper, we report a novel segmentation quality assessment (SQA) framework that combines active learning and assisted annotation to dramatically reduce annotation effort both in image selection and annotation querying from human experts. We propose a two-branch network that integrates a spatial and channel-wise probability attention module into the segmentation network to perform segmentation and predict potential segmentation errors simultaneously. By directly assessing the segmentation quality of unannotated images, human experts can focus on the most relevant image samples, judiciously determine the most `valuable' images for annotation and effectively employ adjudicated segmentations as the next-batch training annotations with the assistance of the automatically predicted salient erroneous areas. The model performance is thus incrementally boosted via fine-tuning on the newly annotated datasets. Extensive experiments on intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) image data demonstrate that our approach achieves SOTA segmentation performance using no more than 10% of training data and significantly reduces the annotation effort.
Ink Mismatch Detection using Unsupervised learning
Authors: Zafar Usman , BiBi Raqiyya
Published: June 2023

ink detection in hyperspectral document image
Epidemiological and Clinical Aspects of Neurological Pathologies Associated with HIV infection at Internal Medicine Department of Point “G” University Hospital Center
Authors: M Togo, , K Dao, , B Berthe, B. , M Saliou, , D Traore, , D Sy, , S Diallo, , D Sangare, , A Dembele, I. , M Cissoko, , M Malle, , Y Kone, , N Kone, , N Tolo, , I Tembine, , Y Cissoko, , M Cisse, S. , S Landoure, , A Sanogo, , Kaya Soukho A , Y Maiga,
Published: June 2023

This retrospective study was conducted from 01 January 2011 to 31 December 2016, in purpose to study the link between neurological disorders and HIV infection at internal medicine department of Point “G” Hospital. Were included all HIV patients, seen in outpatient and/or hospitalization, naive or not of antiretroviral treatment; whose HIV was discovered through neurological disorders and/or whose neurological disorders appeared during HIV disease. We collected 344 cases, 169 of which were included, corresponding to a hospital frequency of 49.12%. The patients were mainly married women with a mean age of 41 years. The sex ratio was 0.7 in the women's favour, and the age group (36-45) accounted for 32.5% of cases. Clinically, confusion and headache were the most frequent complaints, at 10.06% and 5.92% respectively. The most frequent neurological manifestations were encephalitis and ischaemic stroke, with 26.56 and 25% respectively. They occurred in less than 6 months in the majority of our patients (55.62% of cases). Topographically, central nervous system damage was the most represented with 56.25% of cases. The occurrence of these neurological manifestations was correlated with the WHO clinical stage. HIV1 was the most represented type with 90.53% of cases. The occurrence of neurological pathologies related to HIV was correlated to the level of detectable viral load and to a low CD4 count. From a therapeutic and evolutionary aspect, the first line scheme represented 60.95% of cases. Despite the efficacy of this multiple anti-retroviral therapy, the prognosis was unfavourable in more than half of our patients (52.66%).