bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Label-free and label-based electrochemical detection of disease biomarker proteins
Authors: Lestari Tias Febriana Hanifa , Irkham Irkham , Pratomo Uji , Gaffar Shabarni , Zakiyyah Salma Nur , Rahmawati Isnaini , Topkaya Seda Nur , Hartati Yeni Wahyuni
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Biosensors, analytical devices integrating biological sensing elements with physicochemical transducers, have gained prominence as rapid and convenient tools for monitoring human health status using biochemical analytes. Due to its cost-effectiveness, simplicity, portability, and user-friendliness, electrochemical detection has emerged as a widely adopted method in biosensor applications. Crucially, biosensors enable early disease diagnosis by detecting protein biomarkers associated with various conditions. These biomarkers offer an objective indication of medical conditions that can be accurately observed from outside the patient. Method: This review comprehensively documents both label-free and labelled detection methods in electrochemical biosensor techniques. Label-free detection mechanisms elicit response signals upon analyte molecule binding to the sensor surface, while labelled detection employs molecular labels such as enzymes, nanoparticles, and fluorescent tags. Conclusion: The selection between label-free and labelled detection methods depends on various factors, including the biomolecular compound used, analyte type and biological binding site, biosensor design, sample volume, operational costs, analysis time, and desired detection limit. Focusing on the past six years, this review highlights the application of label-free and labelled electrochemical biosensors for detecting protein biomarkers of diseases.
PENGARUH PURSED LIP BREATHING TERHADAP SATURASI OKSIGEN PASIEN PENYAKIT PARU OBSTRUKSI KRONIS
Authors: Handayani Sri , Ina Widya Karunia  , Anik Enikmawati
Published: May 2024

Latar Belakang: Penyakit Paru Obstruktif Kronik (PPOK) adalah suatu kondisi medis yang ditandai dengan adanya penyumbatan sebagian pada sistem pernapasan. Penyumbatan saluran napas atau gangguan fungsi paru sehingga mengakibatkan penurunan saturasi oksigen. Di Indonesia prevalensi Penyakit Paru Obstruksi Kronis sebesar 3,7% dari dunia. Pada studi pendahuluan didapatkan data rekam medik RSU PKU Muhammadiyah Sragen didapatkan data pasien pada tahun 2022 terdapat 144 orang yang mengalami Penyakit Paru Obstruksi Kronis. Tujuan: Selidiki dampak pernapasan bibir terhadap tingkat saturasi oksigen pada individu yang didiagnosis dengan Penyakit Paru Obstruktif Kronik. Metode Penelitian: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain one-group pretest-posttest. Hasil: Nilai p dari Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test ditemukan sebesar 0,000, menunjukkan tingkat signifikansi p<0,005.
Narrativas resilientes en estudiantes de educación superior
Authors: Rábago de Ávila Marcela , Castillo Castañeda Georgina , Pérez Sánchez Lucía
Published: May 2024

La presente investigación se centró en la recuperación de habilidades resilientes en estudiantes de psicología de la Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, México (UAN) a través de un taller basado en la propuesta de Henderson y Milstein, y las prácticas narrativas de White y Epston. Se consideró que la resiliencia no es un rasgo individual, sino una construcción social que se desarrolla a través de la interacción con el entorno. Se utilizó una metodología cualitativa, con un diseño fenomenológico y alcance exploratorio. La muestra estuvo conformada por siete estudiantes de psicología de la UAN que participaron voluntariamente en un taller de cuatro sesiones. La recolección de información se realizó mediante un grupo de enfoque y las conversaciones fueron analizadas en profundidad. Los estudiantes identificaron y construyeron historias alternativas a la victimización o el fracaso. Se reconoció la importancia de figuras significativas en el desarrollo de la resiliencia, y la transmisión de valores y estrategias de afrontamiento. Las historias que los estudiantes construyeron sobre sí mismos tuvo un impacto significativo en la forma en que enfrentan las dificultades. El taller permitió a los estudiantes desarrollar habilidades resilientes al recuperar historias alternativas, identificar figuras significativas y comprender la importancia de las historias en la construcción de la resiliencia. Este trabajo evidencia que la resiliencia es un factor que se construye en lo social y no en lo interno e individual.
LEGAL PROTECTION FOR CREDITORS AGAINST DEBTORS IN DEFAULT PEER TO PEER LENDING AGREEMENT
Authors: Marbun Alvon , Anggi Fitria Nainggolan  , Alif Al-Azis Nurullah  , Gretta Pertiwi Br  , Herman Brahmana  , Agus Irawan
Published: May 2024

The purpose of this research is to determine the validity of the Civil Code perspective on peer to peer lending agreements and to determine the factors that hinder creditor returns and the role of the OJK in protecting creditors. This research uses normative juridical methods, namely obtained from library materials and related literature such as books, journals and so on. Peer to peer lending agreements made using an electronic system are basically valid because they fulfill the 4 requirements in Article 1320 of the Civil Code. There are several factors that hinder returns and creditors, namely, individual characteristics, business, credit, internal and external factors. OJK's role in protecting lenders in peer to peer lending agreements, OJK provides sanctions to organizers for losses from fund owners due to errors and negligence in cases where there is a lack of transparency, not acting fairly, not being reliable, not maintaining data confidentiality and security.
LEGAL PROTECTION OF CONSUMERS DUE TO DEFAULT BY @SELLYALBOEM IN PURCHASING NEO CULTURE TECHNOLOGY (NCT DREAM) ALBUMS
Authors: Hikmawati Cahya Agustianing Durrah , Yasa I Wayan , Zulaika Emi
Published: May 2024

The impact of the internet as a result of advances in the development of information technology for consumers has changed consumer behavior to become more critical and selective in determining the products they will choose. A valid agreement will have an achievement. As is known that an agreement is a relationship between two parties, based on which one party is entitled to demand something from the other party, and the other party is obliged to fulfill these demands. In this case, the achievement can be in the form of giving something, doing something, or not doing something. Although an agreement is made with the hope that everything that has been agreed upon can go well, in practice there is often a non-fulfillment of achievement from one of the parties which gives rise to a situation called default. The problem in this thesis is about the form of legal protection for consumers due to default on the purchase of NCT Dream Albums and dispute resolution efforts that can be taken if there is a default on the purchase of NCT Dream Albums. The research method in this thesis consists of a normative juridical research type with a research approach using a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. The source of legal material uses primary legal materials and secondary legal materials. The results of this study indicate that legal protection for consumers due to default by @Sellyalboem in purchasing Neo Culture Technology (NCT Dream) Albums is divided into two. First, internal legal protection is created through an agreement made by each party. The authorities create second, external protection through the formation of laws and regulations aimed at the interests of the injured party. Business actors who make defaults must make compensation. If they do not make compensation, consumers can be able to make settlement efforts using 2 ways, namely, out-of-court dispute resolution (non-litigation path) and dispute resolution in court (litigation path).
PERMANENT LEGAL STRENGTH (INKRACHT VAN GEWEIJSDE) PKPU PEACE IN BANKRUPTCY LAW
Authors: Poesoko Felly Felmmy Dwi Renaningtyas , Susanti Dyah Ochtorina , Tektona Rahmadi Indra , Suci Ivida Dewi Amrih , Astutik Sri
Published: May 2024

The decision to ratify PKPU peace (homologation) based on its regulations has permanent legal force (inkracht van geweijsde).
The nature of permanent legal force is related to whether it can be executed or implemented immediately, so that this decision requires legal certainty by stating that the decision must have permanent legal force. Bankruptcy law regulates differently regarding the permanent legal force in PKPU decisions, the difference being that the permanent legal force does not apply to the entire substance of the case but only to the peace agreement agreement, which can be called limited permanent legal force. Regarding this specificity, the researcher wants to analyze it under the title "permanent legal force (inkracht van geweijsde) of PKPU peace in bankruptcy law". This research uses normative juridical research methods, with the analysis of peace theory, legal system theory and theory of legal objectives with a statutory approach, conceptual approach and case approach and which is expected to have prescriptive value in the future in accordance with its axiology, namely the aim of law is justice
TANGGUNG JAWAB PEMERINTAH TERHADAP PELAYANAN KESEHATAN BAGI WARGA LANJUT USIA DALAM HUKUM POSITIF INDONESIA
Authors: Heryani Ririn , Iriansyah  , Ardiansyah
Published: May 2024

During the pandemic and work-from-home policies, it is feared that elderly people live together with all generations in limited space, it is feared that this will increase elderly depression. On the other hand, a number of elderly people are lonely, because their children cannot see or visit their parents regularly due to social restrictions. In fact, when it is normal, the condition of the elderly still requires attention in various ways. The purpose of this research is to analyze the Government's Responsibility for Health Services for the Elderly in Indonesian Positive Law and to analyze the ideal of the Government's Responsibility for Health Services for the Elderly. The method used is normative legal research. Based on the research results, it is known that the Government's Responsibility for Health Services for the Elderly in Indonesian Positive Law is that the Indonesian Government has the responsibility to provide good and fair health services for all its citizens, including the elderly. This responsibility is reflected in several laws and regulations governing health in Indonesia. Health Law This law establishes the basic principles for administering the health system in Indonesia, including health services for elderly citizens.
MANAJEMEN PENGELOLAAN APLIKASI ZAKAT SiMBA PADA BADAN AMIL ZAKAT NASIONAL DI KALIMANTAN TIMUR
Authors: Pancasilawati Abnan
Published: May 2024

This research was motivated by the existence of the SiMBA zakat application at BAZNAS in East Kalimantan, however the operation of this zakat application has not been effective and efficient and is only operated by four daily implementers, so there is no special section that manages this application. This research is also qualitative field research. with data collection techniques in the form of observations at 3 (three) research loci, interviews with SiMBA zakat application managers, and documents related to the research. The results of this research are, first: management of the SiMBA zakat application at BAZNAS Balikpapan City, second: obstacles to the management of the SiMBA zakat application come from two factors, namely internal and external, the internal factor is the incomplete data entered by the SiMBA zakat application operator.
Social Entrepreneurship and Impact on Community Empowerment in Indonesia's Coastal Areas
Authors: Wulan Titis Sri
Published: May 2024

This study uses quantitative analysis to look at how social entrepreneurship and social initiatives affect community empowerment in Indonesia's coastal regions. Key characteristics were measured using a Likert scale in response to a standardized questionnaire completed by 150 individuals who are involved in social entrepreneurship or initiatives. Data analysis was done using Structural Equation Modeling with Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS). The results show a strong correlation in favor of social entrepreneurship, community empowerment, and social projects. Furthermore, the moderation analysis highlights the significance of stakeholder participation and organizational structure in enhancing the beneficial effects of social initiatives on community empowerment. These findings have implications for social development policy and practice as well as the transformative ability of social entrepreneurship and community-led projects in promoting empowerment within coastal communities.
Taxation Policy and Compliance Burden on MSMEs: An In-depth Legal Study in Indonesia
Authors: Judijanto Loso
Published: May 2024

Micro, Small, and Medium-Sized Enterprises (MSMEs) are shaped by tax laws, which have a major impact on their growth prospects, competitiveness, and conduct. MSMEs in Indonesia confront many obstacles when it comes to adhering to tax laws, such as intricate administrative procedures, expensive compliance fees, and restricted access to incentives. Using a normative analysis technique, this research undertakes a comprehensive legal study to assess taxation policies and compliance constraints on MSMEs in Indonesia. The results highlight the necessity of focused initiatives to improve taxpayer education, increase incentive accessibility, streamline tax laws, and provide compliance support. By tackling these issues, Indonesia can provide a tax climate that is more favorable and supportive of MSMEs, promoting entrepreneurship, economic growth, and sustainable development.
TRAJETÓRIA FORMATIVA DE MULHERES-ESTUDANTES INDÍGENAS NA UNIVERSIDADE BRASÍLIA
Authors: Neves Paula Fernandes de Assis Crivello , Reis da Silva Ana Tereza
Published: May 2024

Este artigo é resultado de uma pesquisa que analisou experiências interculturais no ensino superior, em chave decolonial e antirracista. No recorte aqui apresentado, analisamos narrativas de mulheres indígenas que colocam em perspectiva suas trajetórias formativas e as formas pelas quais elas se mobilizam e se organizam para enfrentar seus desafios. As entrevistas foram realizadas com dez estudantes indígenas da Universidade de Brasília no primeiro semestre de 2022 e examinadas à luz da literatura que trata das ações afirmativas como caminho para reparação das desigualdades sociais e raciais em educação. Os relatos indicam que o racismo constitui a principal dificuldade enfrentada pelas estudantes; informam, ainda, que o enfrentamento desse e de outros desafios passa pelo fortalecimento da Associação dos Acadêmicos Indígenas da Universidade de Brasília (AAIUnB), que tem um papel preponderante na mobilização coletiva das/os estudantes para assegurar acesso e permanência na universidade. No percurso da análise, buscamos sustentar que a presença das/os estudantes indígenas nas universidades constitui uma oportunidade para o diálogo intercultural no ensino superior e para enfrentamento do racismo e das relações de poder/ser/saber que ainda operam nas universidades.
PROTOCOLO ANALÍTICO SUSTENTÁVEL PARA O EXAME PROVISÓRIO DE COCAÍNA NA UNIDADE CRIMINALÍSTICA DE PRESIDENTE PRUDENTE
Authors: Stelato Ederson da Silva , Avelar Kátia Eliane Santos , Costa Vanessa Indio do Brasil da
Published: May 2024

O presente artigo caracteriza o exame provisório de constatação de cocaína que se encontra normatizado na lei nº 11.343, de 23 de agosto de 2006, cujo resultado positivo é o suficiente para efeito da lavratura do ato de prisão em flagrante. Nesse ínterim, pessoas envolvidas nos fatos podem ser presas erroneamente perante as limitações técnicas aplicadas pelos métodos químicos selecionados pelos peritos forenses na ocasião do citado exame e, que além disso, a má conduta durante as análises pode gerar agravos ao meio ambiente considerando o potencial tóxico dos reagentes normalmente usados. Perante a essa conjuntura, o referido trabalho, a partir de uma pesquisa qualitativa, buscou a construção de um protocolo analítico para o Núcleo de Perícias Criminalísticas de Presidente Prudente. A metodologia da pesquisa para a seleção de métodos baseou-se no estabelecimento dos seguintes critérios: baixo custo, registro fotográfico, tempo de exame, sensibilidade e seletividade eficazes, e atenção ambiental; a partir da revisão de literatura e também por testes experimentais realizados no laboratório de química forense do citado núcleo. Tendo em vista os resultados obtidos, o protocolo analítico proposto é constituído pela Cromatografia em Camada Delgada (CCD) com sistema solvente Ciclohexano(75):Tolueno(15):Dietilamina(10) e pelo teste colorimétrico de Scott.
The use of technology in physical education of students: prospects and challenges
Authors: Bogdanovskaya E. V. , Andreichenko A. V.
Published: May 2024

Relevance. In this scientific work, the issue of using modern technologies in physical education of students is considered.

The purpose of the study is to analyze existing approaches to the use of technologies in physical education of students, to identify their effectiveness and limitations, as well as to determine the prospects for the development of this field.  

Research methods. The article analyzes various aspects of the application of technologies, including virtual reality, mobile applications and wearable devices, in the context of their impact on the motivation of physical activity. The advantages and limitations of using technologies in physical education are considered, as well as the prospects for the development of this field.  

The results of the study. The study presents an analysis of existing approaches and the use of technology in physical education, as well as makes recommendations for the implementation of technological solutions in the educational process.  

Conclusions. The use of technology in physical education of students is a promising area that can significantly improve the effectiveness of teaching and motivation of students.
Modern popular systems of physical exercises for cardiometabolic health
Authors: Saparov B. M.
Published: May 2024

Relevance In the work, "snacks" with physical exercises are defined as isolated ≤ 1-minute segments of vigorous physical activity performed periodically throughout the day. It has been suggested that "snacking" with physical exercises is a feasible, well-tolerated and time-saving approach to improving cardio-respiratory fitness and reducing the negative impact of a sedentary lifestyle on cardiometabolic health. The effectiveness has been demonstrated in small experimental studies.  

Methods and organization of the study: The application of the principles of interval training to more feasible and affordable forms of physical exercise, which can improve the NCP and temporarily reduce the negative effects of a long sedentary lifestyle, offers a new method for improving the health of the general population.

The results of the study. Interrupting long-term sitting with hourly sprints led to a decrease in plasma postprandial triglycerides by ~31% and an increase in fat oxidation by 43% after eating a high-fat meal the morning after the experiment.  

Conclusions. Physical activity can also improve cardiometabolic health in obese people, but its effectiveness in clinical populations has yet to be established, as existing reports have studied a small number of participants in laboratory settings.
Self-assessment of the health level of medical university students
Authors: Bobyreva M. M.
Published: May 2024

Relevance. Students are vulnerable in terms of maintaining their health while studying at a university. In modern programs, the number of hours devoted to physical education has been greatly reduced. The data of medical examinations conducted annually in student polyclinics indicate a large number of young people with diseases of varying severity. Visual impairment and the presence of iron deficiency anemia are diagnosed in most medical students and soon threaten to become normal.  

The purpose of the study. To find out how responsible students are about their health, the author set a goal to analyze the self-assessment of the health of students of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd courses of the programs "Medicine" and "General Medicine".  

Methods and organization of research. To conduct the study, questions reflecting the objectives of the study were selected and a questionnaire of 16 questions with several options was compiled. There were several answers to two questions. Using the GOOGLE Internet resource, the questionnaire application, students of the first, second and third years of study at the M. Ospanov West Kazakhstan Medical University were surveyed.  

The results of the study. It was revealed that by the third year, neglect of one's own health appears, expressed in non-compliance with the diet, irregular physical activity. A third of the students do not take care of their health at all. Most second-year students have trouble sleeping and consistently report insomnia. The number of students experiencing constant nervous stress and stress, as well as having a habit of eating irrationally, is alarming. This indicator increases from course to course.  Conclusions. It is necessary to provide students with access to normal and timely meals, and little time is allocated for this in the class schedule, in addition, the only canteen cannot cope with so many students. As for the sleep and rest regime, it is necessary to carry out prevention in all training courses.
Rehabilitation support of the training process of athletes
Authors: Sedochenko S. V. , Savinkova O. N.
Published: May 2024

Relevance. According to scientists, the main influence on the development of sports pathologies is exerted by: irrational organization and direction of the training process, a number of factors related and not related to the training process and the high motivation of athletes to achieve high results at any cost (without paying attention to existing pathological conditions).  

The purpose of the study of this article was the need to update the need to develop complexes of rehabilitation and recovery measures for the relief of sports pathological syndromes or unformed dysfunctions of organs and systems, taking into account the type of sport, age and gender of athletes.  

Methods and organization of research. To achieve this goal, scientific and methodological literature on the research topic was analyzed.  

Conclusions. The means for identifying pathological syndromes (sports and health monitoring), generally accepted methods for their relief (restorative and rehabilitation measures), as well as the stages of developing complexes of rehabilitation and restorative measures are disclosed. The development of complexes of rehabilitation and restorative measures for the relief of sports pathological syndromes or unformed disorders of the functioning of organs and systems, taking into account the type of sport, age and gender of athletes, will help increase sports longevity, prevent sports disability and possibly improve sports performance.
Features of agency activity in sports
Authors: Yusupov M. , Zakirova U. M.
Published: May 2024

Relevance. The article examines the legal status of sports agents and the problems of its modern regulatory regulation, analyzes scientific papers and normative legal acts.  

The purpose of the study is to determine the functions of a sports agent in the context of modern competitive realities of the Republic of Uzbekistan.  

Organization and methods of research. One of the most important tasks of specialists in the field of physical culture and sports is the education of an athlete. A characteristic feature of all Uzbek sports is that a young athlete cannot adapt to professional sports on his own or loses himself in new conditions.

The results of the study. The characteristic of the concept of "sports agent" is given. The dual nature of the legal regime of sports agency has been revealed, including legislative and regulatory levels.  

Conclusions. Agency activity is an integral part of modern professional sports, and the establishment of sports agents in our country is one of the main conditions for the development of professional sports.
Digital methods of formation students’ communicative competence
Authors: Abdybekova N. A. , Duishenbayev Zh. S. , Bazakechev T. M. , Mergenbaeva S. R.
Published: May 2024

Relevance. Digitalization has now covered all sectors of public life and has become an integral part of the education system. The development of digital technologies in the field of education is dictated by relevance and is supported at the state level and by the general public. This article discusses effective digital methods in the formation of students' communicative competence in online English classes. Optimization of the university's communication space is highlighted as an important condition.  

The purpose of the study is to consider the problems of introducing digital technologies of the Google classroom platform into the field of online higher education.  

Research methods. During the training process, we used the free Google Classroom web service. We tried to create a friendly atmosphere using warm-up exercises and creative tasks. We participate in this event as equal participants for paired work in classes with students or observe students in the field of “Physical Education” and stay on the sidelines to help them.  

The results of the study. The developed methodology of distance learning, a model for the formation of digital skills, a methodical system of exercises and textbooks on the formation of students' communicative competence are presented.  

Conclusions. The effectiveness of the model for the formation of professionally oriented speech activity of students was ensured by the joint efforts of the teacher and the student.
Individualization of boxer training based on the regulation of stress resistance indicators
Authors: Bakulev S. E. , Aimbetova N. V. , Timoshin P. A.
Published: May 2024

Relevance. In the process of performing at competitions, the impact of psychological factors on a boxer reaches its maximum. As a result, the stability and stability of the motor skill is lost, the variability of techniques increases, and their effectiveness decreases. Therefore, when preparing a boxer and increasing the effectiveness of his technical and tactical actions, it is very important to develop mental qualities, one of which is stress resistance.  

The purpose of the study: to scientifically substantiate the means and methods of regulating the stress resistance indicators of boxers of the highest sports categories. Research hypothesis: it was assumed that the developed methodology for regulating the stress resistance indicators of boxers of the highest sports categories would allow athletes to cope more effectively with competitive tasks.  

Research methods: theoretical analysis and generalization of literary sources, questionnaires, psychodiagnostic testing, hardware testing, pedagogical observation, pedagogical experiment, expert assessment, methods of mathematical and statistical processing. As part of the study, an assessment of the stress resistance of athletes, their mental characteristics was carried out and a technique was proposed that aims to regulate the stress resistance of boxers of the highest sports categories to competitive activity. Practical recommendations will be developed based on the results of the study.  

The results of the study. Studying the dynamics of these psychophysiological indicators and indicators of psychological stress will help to predict the pre-start conditions of the boxers. The knowledge gained will contribute to improving the effectiveness of the selected tools that regulate stress resistance indicators. At the subsequent stages of the study, a methodology for regulating stress resistance indicators will be developed, tested during the pedagogical experiment, the stages of which are presented in the study.  

Conclusions. The developed methodology for regulating the stress resistance indicators of boxers of the highest sports categories can be used by coaches for more effective boxer training, and will also allow more purposefully making the necessary adjustments to the athlete's preparation for competition.
Development of speed-strength qualities of triple jumpers from a running start, using a jumping set of exercises
Authors: Soloviev I. K. , Melikhova T. M.
Published: May 2024

This article discusses the results of a study on the use of a set of jumping exercises aimed at developing speed-strength qualities, performed with the aim of developing speed-strength qualities of qualified athletes 15-17 years old triple jumpers with a running start. Testing was carried out to determine the speed and strength qualities of track and field athletes specializing in the running triple jump. This makes it possible, based on the data obtained, to develop a training program for triple jumpers and optimize their preparation to achieve maximum results.
IMPACT OF TIME OF SOWING AND IN SITU SUN DRYING OF COTTON STALKS AND ON THE MANAGEMENT OF COTTON STEM WEEVIL, PEMPHERULUS AFFINIS FAUST
Authors:   Cotton Research Station, TNAU, Srivilliputtur- 626 125, Tamil Nadu, India, Murugesan N , Balakrishnan N ,   Cotton Research Station, TNAU, Srivilliputtur- 626 125, Tamil Nadu, India, Vimala R ,   Cotton Research Station, TNAU, Srivilliputtur- 626 125, Tamil Nadu, India, Shunmugavalli N ,   Cotton Research Station, TNAU, Srivilliputtur- 626 125, Tamil Nadu, India, Ramalingam A ,   Cotton Research Station, TNAU, Srivilliputtur- 626 125, Tamil Nadu, India
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT Impact of time of sowing and sun drying of cotton stalks and on the management of cotton stem weevil , Pempherulus affinis Faust was studied at Cotton Research Station, Srivilliputtur, Tamil Nadu. In early sown cotton crop infestation and plant mortality was more compared to the late sown cotton crop. It was also observed that off season crop (i.e., Winter season crop in the Summer Cotton Tract) was much affected compared to the regular season crop (i.e.,Summer season crop in the Summer Cotton Tract). Weevil emergence was nil from sun dried cotton stalks kept under sun in situ after pulling out. But weevil emergence was observed in stored / heaped cotton stalks. Importance of in situ drying of cotton stalks after pulling out the cotton stalks to arrest the carry over of the pest to next season is brought out in the present study
LARVAL HOST SPECIFICITY AND PROBOSCIS MORPHOLOGY OF FRUIT PIERCING MOTHS
Authors:   Agricultural Research Station, Tamil Nadu, Agricultural University, Kovilpatti - 628 501, Tamil Nadu, India,, Ramkumar J , Swamiappan M ,   Agricultural Research Station, Tamil Nadu, Agricultural University, Kovilpatti - 628 501, Tamil Nadu, India,, Raguraman S ,   Agricultural Research Station, Tamil Nadu, Agricultural University, Kovilpatti - 628 501, Tamil Nadu, India,, Sadasakthi A ,   Agricultural Research Station, Tamil Nadu, Agricultural University, Kovilpatti - 628 501, Tamil Nadu, India,
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT The neonate larvae of Othreis materna (L.) fed only on the leaves of Tinospora cordifolia (Willd.), whereas the larvae of O. fullonia (Clerck) completed their life cycle on the hosts viz., T. cordifolia, Tiliacora acuminata Miers. and Diploclisia glaucescens (Blume) from neonate stage itself and it could not feed on Cocculus hirsutus (L.) Diels. and Erythrina indica (Lam.). Except T. cordifolia and E. indica the larvae of O. homaena reared on C. hirsutus, T. acuminata and D. glaucescens completed the life cycle. The larval duration was lesser when reared on C. hirsutus than the T. acuminata and D. glaucescens. The neonate larvae of Rhytia hypermnestra (Stoll) fed only on T. cordifolia with successful survivability. The proboscis of male and female of O. materna, O. fullonia, O. homaena and R. hypermnestra had three sclerotised oblique blades with sharp edges, six erectile barbs arranged in two rows near the tip which was sharply pointed. The total length of the proboscis of O. materna measured 13.90 mm and the sclerotised tip was very short measuring 1.21mm in male whereas it was 14.30 and 1.27 mm in female, respectively. The proboscis length of male O. fullonia, O. homaena and R.hyperm nestra was measured to be 15.25, 13.40 and 15.15 mm, respectively whereas in female it was 17.50, 14.70, 15.60 mm. The sclerotised tip of male moth measured 1.34, 1.30 and 1.27 mm, respectively and in female 1.49 mm in O. fullonia and 1.34 mm in both O. homaena and R. hypermnestra
BIOLOGY AND MATING BEHAVIOUR OF CORANUS SPINISCUTIS REUTER (HEMIPTERA: REDUVIIDAE), A KEY PREDATOR OF RICE GANDHI BUG LEPTOCORISA VARICORNIS FABRICIUS
Authors:   Department of Zoology, St. Andrew’s College, Gorakhpur 273 001, India, E-mail: antoclaver@yahoo.co.in, Anto Claver M , Daniel Reegan A ,   Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College, Chennai - 600 034, Tamil Nadu, India.
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT The reduviid predator, Coranus spiniscutis was reared in the laboratory on rice moth Corcyra cephalonica larvae for studying its biology and mating behaviour. Female laid eggs in single and the incubation period was 4.66 ± 0.77 days. The stadial period was maximum for fifth and minimum for third instars. The sex ratio was 1:0.8 for male and female. The preoviposition and, oviposition periods were 6.20 ± 0.93, 60.32 ± 2.52 days, respectively. The sequential acts of mating behaviour were: arousal, approach, riding over, genitalia extension, connection achievement and post copulatory acts. This study helps to integrate this reduviid in IPM programme either directly or indirectly
EFFECT OF DIFFERENT TEMPERATURE REGIMES ON THE BIOLOGY OF BRACON BREVICORNIS WESMAEL (BRACONIDAE: HYMENOPTERA) ON DIFFERENT HOST LARVAE
Authors:   Department of Agricultural Entomology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore - 641 003, Tamil Nadu, India, Thanavendan G , Jeyarani S ,   Department of Agricultural Entomology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore - 641 003, Tamil Nadu, India
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT Bhendi or Okra, Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench (Malvaceae) is one of the important vegetable crops grown throughout the tropical and warm temperate regions of the world. It is ravaged by many insect pests right from germination to harvest. Among the insect pests, fruit borers viz., Earias spp. and Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) causes extensive damage to fruits and results in 50 per cent yield loss. Management with biocontrol agents is the most appreciated method for environmental safety. Among the various groups of biocontrol agents, braconid parasitoids are well known for the management of different lepidopteran larvae, including bhendi fruit borer complex. The braconid parasitoid, Bracon brevicornis Wesmael was found to be very effective against bhendi fruit borers. However, temperature and host insects play a major role in the developmental biology of the parasitoids which ultimately decides its efficacy. Experiments conducted on the effect of different temperature viz., 20, 25, 30 35o C and room temperature, on the developmental biology of B. brevicornis on different host larvae viz., E. vittella and H. armigera in comparison with the laboratory host, C. cephalonica revealed that the temperature regime of 25o C is highly suitable with a short life cycle of 8.22, 8.27 and 8.07 days respectively followed by room temperature (ranged between 22 to 32°C). Among the host larvae studied, C. cephalonica and E. vittella were found to be more suitable with maximum number of eggs, grubs, cocoons, adult males and females respectively. H. armigera was next in the order of preference recording less number of eggs, grubs, cocoons, and adults. The developmental period was also found to be less in C. cephalonica and E. vittella followed by H. armigera. Though the life cycle is very short at 35o C, the progeny production is comparatively less with more males than females. At 20o C the life cycle is prolonged with minimum progenies yielding more males than females.
EFFECT OF BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS BERLINER FORMULATION AGAINST THE RICE LEAF FOLDER CNAPHALOCROCIS MEDINALIS GUENEE (PYRALIDAE: LEPIDOPTERA)
Authors:   Department of Agricultural Entomology and Nematology Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru College of Agriculture and Research Institute, Karaikal- 609 603, U.T.Puducherry, Kandibane M , Kumar K ,   Department of Agricultural Entomology and Nematology Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru College of Agriculture and Research Institute, Karaikal- 609 603, U.T.Puducherry, Adiroubane D ,   Department of Agricultural Entomology and Nematology Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru College of Agriculture and Research Institute, Karaikal- 609 603, U.T.Puducherry
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT Two field trials were conducted to evaluate the bioefficacy of Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner, water soluble granular formulation against the rice leaffolder, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis Guenee. The study revealed that the treatment containing B.t. formulation @ 2.5 kg/ha registered the lowest leaffolder damage of 8.21 per cent that was on par with monocrotophos 36 WSC @ 500 g ai/ha in 7 DAS during the first spraying. On 10 DAS of the first spraying all the treatments recorded more than 13.00 per cent damage, but the low leaffolder damage of 13.65 per cent was recorded in B.t. formulation @ 2.5 kg /ha. The highest leaf folder damage of 18.40 and 17.38 per cent was registered in B.t. formulation @1.0 kg/ha and untreated control, respectively. The B.t. formulation failed to check the leaffolder damage due to the outbreak of the pest induced by high temperature coupled with low relative humidity. The highest grain yield of 28. 58 kg/ plot was registered in B.t. formulation @ 2.5 kg/ha, followed by B.t. formulation @ 2.0 kg/ha.
BIOEFFICACY OF NATIVE SIKKIM BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS (BERLINER) ISOLATES AGAINST LEPIDOPTERAN INSECTS.
Authors:   Department of Entomology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad-580005, India,, Nethravathi C J , Hugar P S ,   Department of Entomology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad-580005, India,, Krishnaraj P U ,   Department of Entomology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad-580005, India,, Vastrad A S ,   Department of Entomology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad-580005, India,, Awaknavar J S ,   Department of Entomology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad-580005, India,
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT Investigations were carried out to assess the efficacy of Sikkim Bacillus thuringiensis isolates against lepidopteran insects viz., Cabbage leaf webber, Diamond Back Moth and bioassay were also done to assess the safety nature of Bt to silkworm. Bacillus thuringiensis isolates of Sikkim (Thirty five isolates) were assessed. Among these isolates mortality of each isolate was varied from insect to insect. The mortality of 86.67% was registered by the isolates 1554/b, 1526B/b and 1598d against Cabbage leaf webber. The isolates 6a4, 1598a, 1526B/b, 1622A/a and 1642A/a recorded maximum (93.33%) mortality against Diamond Back Moth. Whereas, 93.33 and 90.00 per cent mortality was recorded in 1620b and 1598d, respectively, against silkworm.
BIOCONTROL POTENTIAL OF ENDOPHYTIC BACTERIA ON MELOIDOGYNE INCOGNITA AND ITS EFFECT ON PLANT GROWTH IN BHENDI
Authors:   Centre for Plant Protection Studies, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, 641 003, Tamil Nadu, India. *, Vetrivelkalai P , Sivakumar M ,   Centre for Plant Protection Studies, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, 641 003, Tamil Nadu, India. *, Jonathan E I ,   Department of Nematology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, 641 003, Tamil Nadu, India
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT A random survey was conducted to obtain endophytic bacterial isolates in different agroecosystems comprising of ten districts in Tamil Nadu. Nineteen endophytic bacterial isolates were obtained from surface-sterilized roots of different crops. Study on the morphological, phenotypic and biochemical characterization of endophytic bacteria revealed that eight isolates viz., EB1 to EB8 belong to the group of Pseudomonas sp., ten isolates viz., EB9 to EB18 belong to the group of Bacillus sp. and isolate EB19 belongs to Methylobacterium sp. On seed bacterization with nineteen endophytic bacterial isolates, four isolates viz., EB3, EB16, EB18 and EB19 significantly enhanced the germination percentage, shoot and root length and vigour index of bhendi seedlings by roll towel technique and pot culture studies. Eight endophytic bacterial isolates were screened for their nematicidal action against Meloidogye incognita under pot culture conditions. The study revealed that the culture filtrates of endophytic bacterial isolates viz., EB3, EB16, EB18 and EB19 significantly reduced the number of adult females, egg masses, eggs/ eggmass, root and soil infestation of M. incognita. The lowest root gall index (1.00) was registered both in EB16 and EB18 isolates and it was followed by EB19 and EB3 (1.33) compared to untreated control (4.67)
BIOEFFICACY OF PHOTORHABDUS LUMINESCENS, A SYMBIOTIC BACTERIUM AGAINST THRIPS PALMI KARNY (THRIPIDAE: THYSANOPTERA)
Authors:   Department of Agricultural Entomology, College of Agriculture, UAS, Raichur 584 102, Karnataka, India,, Uma G P , Prabhuraj A ,   Department of Agricultural Entomology, College of Agriculture, UAS, Raichur 584 102, Karnataka, India,, Vimala Vimala ,   Department of Agricultural Entomology, College of Agriculture, UAS, Raichur 584 102, Karnataka, India,
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT The primary and secondary forms of Photorhabdus luminescens a symbitotic bacterium of an entomopathogenic nematode Heterorhabditis indica (RCR) was evaluated against Thrips palmi Karny a serious pest on cotton. The treatment included different concentration (101 to 1010 cells/ CFS/ml) of cells and cells free supernatant which was obtained by centrifugation (4000 rpm for 20 min) of broth culture. The treatment was imposed through potter’s tower on aphid colony containing (20 per leaf/replication plants). Observation of aphid mortality was recorded at 24 and 48 hr. The results revealed that both the forms were pathogenic to T. palmi but the cells free supernatant (CFS) of both the forms was more virulent than cells causing high mortality within 24 to 48 hr. The cells of primary and secondary form recorded 67.50 and 72.50 per cent mortality whereas corresponding CFS recorded 85.00 and 80.00 per cent mortality, respectively at the concentration of 1010 cells/ ml. The LC50 of both primary 2.38× 107 cells/ml and secondary form cells 2.35 × 107 cells / ml and CFS of P. luminescens decreased with increase in exposure time from 24 to 48 hr. These results indicate the possibility of developing CFS as a potential biocontrol component against T. palmi.
GROWTH, SPORULATION AND BIOMASS PRODUCTION OF NATIVE ENTOMOPATHOGENIC FUNGAL ISOLATES ON A SUITABLE MEDIUM
Authors:   Department of Agricultural Entomology and Plant Nematology, PAJANCOA & RI, Karaikal, U. T. of Puducherry-609 603, India., Senthamizhlselvan P , Alice J ,   Department of Agricultural Entomology and Plant Nematology, PAJANCOA & RI, Karaikal, U. T. of Puducherry-609 603, India., Sujeetha R P ,   Department of Agricultural Entomology and Plant Nematology, PAJANCOA & RI, Karaikal, U. T. of Puducherry-609 603, India., Jeyalakshmi C ,   Department of Agricultural Entomology and Plant Nematology, PAJANCOA & RI, Karaikal, U. T. of Puducherry-609 603, India.
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT The two culture media tested both Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) and Sabouraud Dextrose Agar ( SDA) recorded maximum mycelial growth in Beauveria bassiana isolates. Maximum growth was observed in the isolates of VpNlKKL 2121 (65.22mm), BbMtKKL 2107 (65.16mm), BbMdKKL 2106 (63.44mm) and FmNvKKL 2121 (62.78mm) and minimum growth was noticed in VpPmKKL 2120 (37.33mm) in PDA media. With SDA media maximum growth was observed in BbMtKKL 2107 (68.02mm) and BbMdKKL 2106 (66.91). Slowest growth was noticed in VpPmKKL 2120 (32.18 mm) .Highest spore count was noticed in B. bassiana isolates BbMtKKL 2107 (8.90 X 108 spores /ml) and BbMdKKL 2106 (8.77 X 108 spores / ml) isolates and are on par with FmNvKKL 2124 and VpPmKKL 2120 with PDA media. All other isolates had similar effect. Similarly, BbMdKKL 2106 isolate of B. bassiana in SDA media showed maximum spore count of 8.95 X 108 spores / ml and other isolates were on par with each other, except FpEvKKL 2119 which recorded least spore count of 0.52 X 108 spores / ml. Of the various fungi tested in (Potato Dextrose Broth)PDB and(Sabouraud Dextrose Broth) SDB (liquid broths) revealed that isolate BbMtKKL 2107 produced highest yield of (1.87g) followed by FpCmKKL 1526 (1.66g) and BbMdKKL 2106 (1.40g) and they were on a per with each other and remaining cultures four cultures were on par with each other. With reference to SDB media tested, highest yield was noticed in FpCmKKL 1526 (2.10g).
METARHIZIUM BASED MYCOINSECTICIDES FOR FOREST PEST MANAGEMENT
Authors:   Institute of Wood Science and Technology, Bangalore 560 003, Karnataka, India. Fax: 91-080-23340529, Phone: 91- 080-22190153, Email: okremadevi@icfre.org, E-mail: okremadevi@gmail.com, Remadevi O K , Sasidharan T O ,   Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, Royal Enclave, Srirampura, Jakkur P.O., Bangalore 560064, Karnataka, India., Balachander M ,   Institute of Wood Science and Technology, Bangalore 560 003, Karnataka, India. Fax: 91-080-23340529, Phone: 91- 080-22190153, Email: okremadevi@icfre.org, E-mail: okremadevi@gmail.com, Sapna Bai N ,   Institute of Wood Science and Technology, Bangalore 560 003, Karnataka, India. Fax: 91-080-23340529, Phone: 91- 080-22190153, Email: okremadevi@icfre.org, E-mail: okremadevi@gmail.com
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT Explorative surveys were conducted to collect native isolates of the entomopathogenic fungus, Metarhizium anisopliae from forest pests and soil to study their potential for developing mycoinsecticides for management of selected forest pests. Nine promising isolates identified from among a collection of 25 isolates were examined for their pathogenicity against the forest pests, Hyblaea puera, Paliga machoeralis, Spilarctia obliqua, Hypsipyla robusta and Odontotermes spp. Besides this, the comparative conidia germination of the isolates under selected cultural conditions was also examined to identify the candidate isolates for pesticide development. The LC50 of the isolates ranged from 0.01 x105 to 759.21 x105 for the different pests. Isolate Ma2 was the most virulent against H. puera, P. machoeralis and Odontotermes sp. with significantly low LC50 values, viz., 0.65, 0.11 and 0.01x105 conidia, respectively for the three pests. Ma7 showed lowest LC50 of 1.20 and 1.77x105 spores against S. obliqua and H. robusta. Ma13 also showed high virulence against Odontotermes sp. The isolate Ma2 showed significantly higher germination under all the conditions evaluated. Radial growth and biomass, which are critical factors for selecting a strain for mass production, was also highest in Ma2 (64.5mm and 5.1gram/lit) followed by Ma7 (42.5mm and 4.6gram/lit). These observations indicate at least two of these isolates hold good potential for formulating a biopesticide for forest pest management.