bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Blusas Verdes: um contramovimento de mulheres na década de 1930
Authors: Marques Gabrielle dos Santos
Published: August 2024

The object of this work is to carry out a framing analysis of Folha das Blusas Verdes, a column in the integralist newspaper A Offensiva. The Blusas Verdes movement was the integralist women's movement in the 1930s. Thus, the research discusses from the concept of countermovement how the Blusas Verdes competed with the feminsta movement of the time for a vision of the role of women in Brazilian society. Through two analysis frameworks: threat and duty, it was possible to understand how the countermovement had to deal with the new demands placed by and for women in the 1930s, giving conservative responses to the feminist movements of the time.
Estratégias Eleitorais On-line e Gênero: trajetórias e perspectivas das candidatas de Rio Grande da Serra
Authors: Trotta Laura Cazarini , Stuchi Carolina Gabas , Alves Gabriela Paula Silva , Aquino Ana Beatriz , Araújo Clara Vinholi
Published: August 2024

This article was motivated by the digital campaigns of female city council candidates in the 2020 elections for the municipality of Rio Grande da Serra (SP). Based on this scenario, we organized the research into three phases: 1) data collection through the social networks of all 77 candidates; 2) a survey, with ten responses; 3) an interview with four of the candidates, which allowed us to delve deeper into their impressions of the campaign and the role of social media. This article presents stages 2 and 3 of the investigation, analyzing how the data collected in the first stage relates to the trajectories and experiences of these women. In both the survey and the interviews, dissatisfaction with the party emerged, particularly on the support offered for managing social networks and the funds received for the campaign. At the end of the elections, with an all-male city council, we can affirm that the virtual environment performed poorly for the election of women. From the individual interviews, it was possible to observe loneliness in campaign management, difficulties in designing campaign materials and using digital tools, as well as a feeling of frustration with the political context of the municipality, but with a less critical stance towards their party.
Lélia Gonzalez: a confluência entre a vida acadêmica e a militância
Authors: Almeida Filho Marcelo Marques de , Lobato Danielle de Castro Silva , Filice Renísia Cristina Garcia
Published: August 2024

El presente trabajo es una construcción derivada de discusiones y análisis sobre el pensamiento social y político contemporáneo y pretende investigar la vida y obra de la pensadora Lélia González, utilizando un enfoque transversal desde las perspectivas de raza, género y colonialidad, lo que conforma nuestro objetivo general. . Se entiende, por tanto, que el tema de estudio necesita articularse sistemáticamente de manera interseccional, dado que los estudios sobre mujeres negras conllevan el cruce de diferentes marcadores sociales (AKOTIRENE, 2018). Se trata de una investigación cualitativa, anclada en la construcción de un marco teórico aplicado, realizando así una revisión del estado del arte sobre esta discusión, buscando interpretar el contexto en el que la autora se constituyó como un referente en los estudios raciales y sociales. ... de género, pero sin marcos de investigación muy rígidos, que nos permitieran ir más allá de la investigación puramente descriptiva. Finalmente, se supone que un enfoque explicativo-argumentativo y analítico aplicado sistemáticamente al tema debe combinarse con otros aspectos más allá de los medios de investigación puramente formales, que es la forma más adecuada de desarrollar este estudio.
Feminismos e antifeminismos em disputa
Authors: Rivetti Jéssica Melo , Faria Alessandra Maia Terra de , Silva Mayra Goulart da
Published: August 2024

Apresentação do dossiê
Da religião à espiritualidade na educação: rumo a uma regulamentação política da espiritualidade?
Authors: Lefebvre Solange
Published: August 2024

The analysis of the emergence of the concept of spirituality in public education policies reveals various tensions at work in the religious and secular fields. Is this emergence a ploy by large religious groups to preserve influence in societies that are putting an end to official alliances with them? Has the concept of spirituality become broad enough to designate any search for meaning, and also to satisfy the aspiration for formal equality between all forms of beliefs, cults, and non-beliefs? This article addresses the issue of spirituality and how it has been integrated into the school legislation of the Canadian province of Quebec. It analyzes the creation in that province of the Spiritual Care and Guidance and Community Involvement Service. Designed to be neutral, it is aimed at both religious and non-religious students, in an effort to promote a logic of equality.
As associações inter-religiosas na construção do pluralismo religioso escolar no Brasil
Authors: Montero Paula
Published: August 2024

Este artigo examina a construção de um modelo oficial de pluralismo escolar plasmado nas proposições hegemônicas de ensino religioso. Tendo como foco as atividades de uma organização interreligiosa fundada em 1995, o Fórum Nacional Permanente do Ensino Religioso (Fonaper), a análise busca retraçar sua trajetória, suas redes colaborativas e suas prescrições para a formação de professores sensíveis ao trato das diferenças. Trata-se de mapear as formas pelas quais os agentes do Fonaper imaginam o religioso e suas diferenças e o modo como enfrentam o problema da verdade de proposições heterogêneas e contrastantes. Para tanto, o artigo detalhará o contexto que favoreceu a criação desse tipo de organização, seus objetivos e redes de interação e os fundamentos de sua proposta de um ensino religioso pluralista.
Acolhimento à mulher em situação de violência no âmbito da atenção primária: simulação no ensino de enfermagem
Authors: Oliveira Jaqueline Lemos de , Lettiere-Viana Angelina , Fortuna Cinira Magali , Santos Karen da Silva , Fisch Andressa
Published: August 2024

Resumo do Congresso de Graduação da USP 2021.
Formação de coordenadores e facilitadores de programas de acolhimento: o caso do Integra/USP
Authors: Versuti Fabiana Maris , Andrade Raíssa Bárbara Nunes Moraes , Mulle Rafael Lima Dalle
Published: August 2024

Resumo do Congresso de Graduação USP 2021.
Educação Ambiental Marinha Extramuros: uma visita à base de pesquisa "Clarimundo de Jesus", IO-USP (Ubatuba, SP)
Authors: Takase Leonardo Silveira , Todam Agatha , Silva Alana Paranhos da , Toledo Arthur Campos , Silva Giovanna Reis , Brito Malthê Kapor de , Inacio Jady Millan , Signori Camila Negrão
Published: August 2024

Resumo do Congresso de Graduação USP 2021.
Telemedicina u savjetovanju pacijenata prije i poslije anestezije
Authors: Ješić Valentina , Babić Sabina , Vratan Nikolina
Published: August 2024

Telemedicina je tijekom povijesti doživjela značajan razvoj, a njezin najznačajniji napredak javlja se između 1970-ih i 2000-ih s razvojem tehnologije i povezanosti. Današnja telemedicina nudi raznolike usluge koje uključuju predoperacijske i postoperacijske konzultacije, edukaciju pacijenata te praćenje zdravstvenog stanja putem telekomunikacije. Povezanost telemedicine s anestezijom ima dubok i izuzetno važan utjecaj na sam proces anestezije, doprinoseći povećanoj sigurnosti i učinkovitosti anestezije i omogućujući temeljitiju informiranost pacijenata. U kontekstu telemedicine, medicinske sestre i medicinski tehničari preuzimaju značajnu odgovornost u njezinoj implementaciji u anesteziji. Njihova prisutnost i stručnost doprinose kvalitetnijoj skrbi za pacijente prije, tijekom i nakon operacije te anestezioloških postupaka. Oni su odgovorni za pripremu pacijenata, pružaju edukaciju, prikupljaju važne podatke i prate vitalne funkcije pacijenata putem telemedicine. Uz to, medicinske sestre i medicinski tehničari osiguravaju pravilno funkcioniranje tehnološke infrastrukture i brinu se za sigurnost podataka, čime pridonose kvaliteti anestezije. Prednosti telemedicine u anesteziji uključuju pristup vrhunskim obrazovnim resursima, personaliziranu edukaciju pacijenata i smanjenje anksioznosti. Međutim, postoje i izazovi koji uključuju: nemogućnost fizičkog pregleda, tehničke poteškoće, sigurnost podataka i ograničenu interakciju. Pravni i regulatorni aspekti također zahtijevaju posebnu pozornost. Telemedicina se primjenjuje u anesteziji za pripremu pacijenata prije operacije putem virtualnih konzultacija, edukacije i prikupljanja relevantnih podataka. Osim toga, omogućuje praćenje postoperacijskih komplikacija, uključujući komunikaciju s pacijentima, kontinuirano mjerenje vitalnih funkcija i pružanje podrške. Budući razvoj tehnologije obećava daljnje unapređenje telemedicine u anesteziji. Ključni faktori za daljnji razvoj uključuju edukaciju anesteziološkog tima kako bi se osigurala kompetencija u korištenju tehnoloških rješenja i visoka razina sigurnosti podataka koja je usklađena s regulativama i etičkim standardima. Uz izazove i prednosti telemedicine u anesteziji, njezin razvoj obećava bolju kvalitetu skrbi za pacijente i učinkovitije anesteziološke postupke u budućnosti. Istraživanja su pokazala visoke stope zadovoljstva anesteziologa, medicinskih sestara / tehničara i pacijenata primjenom telemedicine u anesteziji.
Novel Drp1 GTPase Inhibitor, Drpitor1a: Efficacy in Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Wu Danchen , Jansen-van Vuuren Ross D. , Dasgupta Asish , Al-Qazazi Ruaa , Chen Kuang-Hueih , Martin Ashley Y , Mewburn Jeffrey D. , Alizadeh Elahe , Lima Patricia D.A. , Jones Oliver , Colpman Pierce , Bentley Rachel E.T. , VandenBroek M. Martin , Breault Nolan M. , Emon Isaac M. , Yerramilli V. Siddartha , Jedlovčnik Luka , Zhao Yuan Yuan , Wells Michael , Sutendra Gopinath , Ormiston Mark L. , Archer Stephen L.
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND:

Drp1 (dynamin-related protein 1), a large GTPase, mediates the increased mitochondrial fission, which contributes to hyperproliferation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). We developed a potent Drp1 GTPase inhibitor, Drpitor1a, but its specificity, pharmacokinetics, and efficacy in PAH are unknown.

METHODS:

Drpitor1a’s ability to inhibit recombinant and endogenous Drp1 GTPase was assessed. Drpitor1a’s effects on fission were studied in control and PAH human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (hPASMC) and blood outgrowth endothelial cells (BOEC). Cell proliferation and apoptosis were studied in hPASMC. Pharmacokinetics and tissue concentrations were measured following intravenous and oral drug administration. Drpitor1a’s efficacy in regressing monocrotaline-PAH was assessed in rats. In a pilot study, Drpitor1a reduced PA remodeling only in females. Subsequently, we compared Drpitor1a to vehicles in control and monocrotaline-PAH females.

RESULTS:

Drp1 GTPase activity was increased in PAH hPASMC. Drpitor1a inhibited the GTPase activity of recombinant and endogenous Drp1 and reversed the increased fission, seen in PAH hPASMC and PAH BOEC. Drpitor1a inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis in PAH hPASMC without affecting electron transport chain activity, respiration, fission/fusion mediator expression, or mitochondrial Drp1 translocation. Drpitor1a did not inhibit proliferation or alter mitochondrial dynamics in normal hPASMC. Drpitor1a regressed monocrotaline-PAH without systemic vascular effects or toxicity.

CONCLUSIONS:

Drpitor1a is a specific Drp1 GTPase inhibitor that reduces mitochondrial fission in PAH hPASMC and PAH BOEC. Drpitor1a reduces proliferation and induces apoptosis in PAH hPASMC and regresses monocrotaline-PAH. Drp1 is a therapeutic target in PAH, and Drpitor1a is a potential therapy with an interesting therapeutic sexual dimorphism.
Cerebro-spinal somatotopic organization uncovered through functional connectivity mapping
Authors: Landelle Caroline , Kinany Nawal , De Leener Benjamin , Murphy Nicholas D. , Lungu Ovidiu , Marchand-Pauvert Véronique , Van De Ville Dimitri , Doyon Julien
Published: August 2024

Somatotopy, the topographical arrangement of sensorimotor pathways corresponding to distinct body parts, is a fundamental feature of the human central nervous system (CNS). Traditionally, investigations into brain and spinal cord somatotopy have been conducted independently, primarily utilizing body stimulations or movements. To date, however, no study has probed the somatotopic arrangement of cerebro-spinal functional connections in vivo in humans. In this study, we used simultaneous brain and cervical spinal cord functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to demonstrate how the coordinated activities of these two CNS levels at rest can reveal their shared somatotopy. Using functional connectivity analyses, we mapped preferential correlation patterns between each spinal cord segment and distinct brain regions, revealing a somatotopic gradient within the cortical sensorimotor network. We then validated this large-scale somatotopic organization through a complementary data-driven analysis, where we effectively identified spinal cord segments through the connectivity profiles of their voxels with the sensorimotor cortex. These findings underscore the potential of resting-state cerebro-spinal cord fMRI to probe the large-scale organization of the human sensorimotor system with minimal experimental burden, holding promise for gaining a more comprehensive understanding of normal and impaired somatosensory-motor functions.
Manifold Gaussian Variational Bayes on the Precision Matrix
Authors: Magris Martin , Shabani Mostafa , Iosifidis Alexandros
Published: August 2024

We propose an optimization algorithm for variational inference (VI) in complex models. Our approach relies on natural gradient updates where the variational space is a Riemann manifold. We develop an efficient algorithm for gaussian variational inference whose updates satisfy the positive definite constraint on the variational covariance matrix. Our manifold gaussian variational Bayes on the precision matrix (MGVBP) solution provides simple update rules, is straightforward to implement, and the use of the precision matrix parameterization has a significant computational advantage. Due to its black-box nature, MGVBP stands as a ready-to-use solution for VI in complex models. Over five data sets, we empirically validate our feasible approach on different statistical and econometric models, discussing its performance with respect to baseline methods.
Hometown Heroes: Onshoring, Promoting Local Content & WTO Law
Authors: Mitchell Andrew D
Published: August 2024

This article examines the complexities and challenges associated with onshoring manufacturing through local content requirements within the context of World Trade Organization (WTO) law. Governments have intensified efforts to relocate production within their territories, leveraging local content requirements and incentives. This shift is primarily justified by the need for supply chain resilience, public health, and national security, aiming to mitigate risks associated with reliance on foreign suppliers during crises. However, these strategies may conflict with WTO obligations, particularly those concerning trade-related investment measures and subsidies. Using pharmaceuticals as a case study, this article explores the rationale, scope, and implications of WTO rules on local content policies. The analysis provides insights into how nations navigate the delicate balance between enhancing domestic capabilities and adhering to international trade laws.
Short- and Medium-Range Predictability of Warm-Season Derechos. Part I: Operational Predictability and Composites
Authors: Ribeiro Bruno Z. , Weiss Steven J. , Bosart Lance F.
Published: August 2024

This study analyzes the operational predictability of warm-season (May–August) progressive derechos. A subset of 47 derechos occurring between 2010 and 2022 were selected based on NCEI Storm Data and radar imagery. The Storm Prediction Center Convective Outlooks issued from 5 days before each derecho to the day of the event were used to determine whether the severe weather and derecho predictability was low, moderate, or high, for each case. The cases were also categorized based on the synoptic-scale midlevel flow pattern. Composite maps of synoptic patterns associated with the derecho cases and distributions of severe weather parameters in the derecho inflow region were generated. About 72% of the 47 derechos selected for this study were associated with low predictability, and the remainder were categorized with moderate predictability. None of the cases had high predictability. Most derechos occurring under northwest- and zonal-flow regimes (80% and 85%, respectively) had low predictability. Composites of low- and moderate-predictability derechos indicate that derechos formed in the equatorward entrance region of the upper-level jet, where low-level warm advection exists in conjunction with an equivalent potential temperature maximum. A midlevel trough is located upstream of the derecho initiation point in many of the moderate-predictability composites but is absent in the low-predictability composites, which indicates weaker synoptic-scale forcing for ascent in low-predictability cases. The distributions of severe weather parameters for low- and moderate-predictability derechos are similar, suggesting that these parameters alone are not particularly useful as a discriminator of derecho predictability.

Significance Statement

Derechos are characterized by swaths of damaging wind gusts caused by an organized group of long-lived convective storms. These events are more frequent in the summer and are often difficult to predict far in advance. This study analyzes a subset of derecho cases to better understand the differences between cases with lower and higher predictability. About 72% of the 47 derechos examined in this study had low predictability. In these cases, the development and maintenance of storms are typically associated with larger uncertainty, but if persistent storms do form, there is potential to produce a derecho. These findings are part of ongoing work that examines ways to improve derecho forecasts with greater lead time.
Modeling the Contributions of Perceived Teacher Autonomy Support and School Climate to Chinese EFL Students’ Learning Engagement
Authors: Wang Mengzhong
Published: August 2024

Given the value of student engagement and its impact on academic performance, it is critical to identify factors that influence student engagement in different educational contexts. To do so, we examined the contributions of perceived teacher autonomy support and school climate in English as a foreign language (EFL) students’ learning engagement. We conducted online surveys of 331 Chinese intermediate English learners. We substantiated the validity of the survey scales for measuring these three latent variables through confirmatory factor analyses (CFA), and we employed structural equation modeling (SEM) to identify interrelationships in these variables of interest. Both perceived teacher autonomy support and school climate were significantly and positively related to student engagement, with school climate more strongly correlated than teacher autonomy support. These findings suggest that teacher autonomy support and a positive school climate are important contributors to student engagement in EFL classrooms, and we discussed practical implications of these discoveries for EFL teachers.
Optimization of indoor vehicle ultra-wideband 3D localization using graph attention networks
Authors: Zheng Hongzhou , Meng Fei , Wang Haiying
Published: August 2024

Ultra-wideband technology is recognized as a low-cost and interference-resistant method for indoor vehicle localization, crucial for advancing intelligent transportation systems. Within this domain, the time difference of arrival algorithm finds extensive application. However, the accuracy of indoor three-dimensional (3D) localization is significantly affected by multipath propagation and non-line-of-sight deviations. To improve localization accuracy, this study proposes an innovative method utilizing the graph attention network framework. This method extracts relevant features and employs attention mechanisms to differentially weight individual nodes; it adeptly captures crucial spatial relationships among nodes, thereby mitigating the effects of multipath propagation and non-line-of-sight deviations, ultimately achieving finer indoor vehicle localization. Experimental results from tests on line-of-sight and non-line-of-sight data sets illustrate the significant improvement in indoor vehicle 3D localization accuracy afforded by the proposed graph attention network–based method. Compared to the commonly used built-in error-state Kalman filter algorithm in commercial ultra-wideband applications and alternative deep learning algorithms, the proposed method achieves error reductions ranging from 60.58% to 84.16% in line-of-sight environments and from 65.59% to 95.21% in non-line-of-sight environments.
Combining Business Education With Clinical Acumen … is it Necessary?
Authors: Loftus Elizabeth
Published: August 2024

The evolving landscape of healthcare necessitates a paradigm shift in professional education, blending clinical expertise with business acumen. This paper delves into the need for healthcare professionals to acquire a comprehensive understanding of both clinical intricacies and business dynamics while examining the emergence of joint degree programs aimed to equip graduates with multifaceted skills required to navigate the complexities our of modern healthcare delivery systems. Drawing from a diverse literature review, this paper highlights the pros and cons of this dual-degree education and the benefits that it brings given today’s challenging healthcare landscape. It explores the profound impact of such programs on student outcomes, emphasizing the cultivation of leadership, financial acumen, and strategic thinking alongside clinical competencies. Moreover, it addresses concerns regarding academic rigor and the feasibility of integrating business education into an already demanding healthcare curricula. Analysis of current trends and future projections underscores the growing demand for professionals who possess hybrid skill sets. With healthcare workforce shortages and evolving industry challenges, individuals equipped with both clinical and business proficiencies are poised to lead innovation and drive organizational success.
Relationship Between Fatalistic Cancer Beliefs and Risky Health Behaviors
Authors: Zaidi Maryum , Sarkar Sayantani , Arakelyan Stella , Poghosyan Hermine
Published: August 2024

Background:

There is limited research on how fatalism influences risky health behaviors that are linked to higher cancer risks. This study investigates the relationship between risky health behaviors (tobacco smoking, electronic cigarette use, and heavy alcohol drinking) and fatalistic cancer beliefs while controlling for health care–related self-efficacy and sociodemographic and clinical factors among adults without a history of cancer.

Methods:

We used cross-sectional data from the 2020 Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS) 5 Cycle 4. The study sample included noninstitutionalized adults (aged ≥18 years without a self-reported cancer history (n = 2464). The outcome variable was risky health behaviors comprised of tobacco smoking, electronic cigarette use, and heavy alcohol drinking. We combined these 3 risky behaviors into a binary variable (0, not having risky health behavior; 1, having ≥1 risky health behavior). The key independent variable was cancer fatalistic beliefs. We used descriptive statistics and multivariate logistic regression analyses.

Results:

Overall, 50% of the sample were women, 64.7% of participants self-identified as non-Hispanic White, 16.4% as Hispanic, and 10.6% as non-Hispanic Black. About 43% of participants reported having at least one risky health behavior. While holding all other factors constant, each unit increase in cancer fatalism score was associated with 30.0% higher odds of increased risky health behaviors (odds ratio = 1.30, 95% confidence interval 1.04-1.62, P = .021) among adults without a history of cancer.

Conclusion:

By understanding the relationship between cancer-related fatalistic beliefs and risky health behaviors, cancer prevention outreach programs can be personalized to suit the unique needs of specific individuals and communities.
Method for Using Voicemail and Email for Qualitative Data Collection Among Nurses
Authors: Dolan Hanne R. , Littzen-Brown Chloé O. R. , May Jennifer T. , Rainbow Jessica G.
Published: August 2024

Background:

Memorializing nurses’ experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic had the potential to allow scientists and policymakers to learn about the impact on the nursing profession and health care systems. Yet, nurses are considered a difficult population to recruit for research.

Objective:

To describe an innovative qualitative data collection method for capturing current practice experiences among nurses working during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods:

Guerilla theory served as the theoretical framework. Utilizing a qualitative descriptive design, a telephone voicemail messaging system was developed to capture nurses’ experiences.

Results:

Nurses were recruited with convenience and snowball sampling via social media and state listservs. The telephone voicemail messaging system, Twilio, was used. After listening to the recording of the consent form, the participants shared their experiences by leaving a voice message where they answered the prompt, “Tell us about your experiences working during the COVID-19 pandemic.” Seventy voicemails were included, and the voicemails were transcribed. After a nurse shared their experience via an email sent to the research team, emails were added to the data collection; 16 emails were received. Transcripts and emails were uploaded to the qualitative data analysis software program, Dedoose, and coded by 2 researchers using content analysis. Main themes were derived and discussed among the research team.

Conclusion:

Allowing participants multiple modes of expressing their experiences promote inclusivity in data collection. Further development and standardization of this method is needed for future research.
Memorable messages regarding adoption and religion: Perspectives of adult adoptees
Authors: Helder Emily J. , Horstman Haley Kranstuber , Henness Jade , Lyssy Kendal , Vallance Chloe , Warners Ana Li , Bailey Frances X.
Published: August 2024

Memorable messages that adoptees receive throughout development may have lasting impacts on their well-being, identity development, and relationships. Given historical and current adoption practices that link adoption and Christianity, more research is needed to examine the memorable messages that adoptees received while being raised in these religious contexts. Using a qualitative approach grounded in the communicated sense-making model, 41 adult adoptees were interviewed to identify memorable messages they heard while growing up in Christian adoptive homes, the communicators of messages, and their interpretations of the messages as children and adults. Results revealed a range of memorable messages communicated primarily by adoptive parents and church members, including that the adoptee was chosen by God, that the adoption was part of God’s plan, and that they were saved/rescued. Common childhood interpretation themes included accepting the messages, questioning belonging, and complying/people pleasing. Adult interpretations were generally more critical, including that the messages glossed over trauma and grief and implied negative views of first family/culture. These findings add to the literature in adoptive family communication by taking into account the religious undertones of many adoption-based messages and contribute to the broader literature on memorable messages by identifying participants’ progression of sense-making in interpreting these messages.
Letters or not, here we come! A communal perspective on credentials needed for a productive career in veterinary pathology
Authors: Pardo Ingrid D. , Langohr Ingeborg M. , Cole Phaedra , Knoblaugh Sue E. , Luong Richard , Mansfield Keith , Mejia Andres , Meseck Emily , Miller Andrew D. , Penraat Kelley , Pillatzki Angela , Bolon Brad
Published: August 2024

Veterinary pathology credentials serve as a concise means attesting to educational attainments and experiences indicating a readiness for professional practice. Given the cost, time, and stress associated with obtaining different qualifications, pathologists must consider what credentials enhance their readiness. In this commentary, the authors describe how their various degrees and certifications have facilitated their individual and organizational success. The minimum credentials for proficient veterinary pathology practice are a veterinary medical degree (DVM or equivalent) and advanced pathology training (residency and/or on-the-job “apprenticeship”) ideally culminating in board certification in pathology (American College of Veterinary Pathologists [ACVP] diplomate status or equivalent). Graduate degrees (MS, PhD, MPH, etc) and/or other qualifications in allied biomedical fields (eg, board certification in internal medicine, laboratory animal medicine, poultry medicine, preventive medicine, or toxicology) may improve employability by affirming specialty knowledge in another complementary discipline. The authors note that pathology positions may be obtained without a long list of degrees or certifications, and that more credentials may provide occupational flexibility for some employers. However, a good work ethic, experience in the field, ability to adapt to changes, job satisfaction, good attitude, and demonstrated productivity are also important, and indeed, they are often the paramount criteria for career success as a veterinary pathologist.
Wellness and Stress Management Practices Among Healthcare Professionals and Health Professional Students
Authors: Yalim Asli C. , Daly Katherine , Bailey Monica , Kay Denise , Zhu Xiang , Patel Mohammed , Neely Laurie C. , Díaz Desiree A. , Asencio Denyi M. Canario , Rosario Karla , Cowan Melissa , Pasarica Magdalena
Published: August 2024

Purpose

Healthcare professionals experience stressors that begin during training and persist into their careers that adversely impact their well-being. This study aims to identify students’ and professionals’ stress levels, satisfaction with wellness domains, barriers to wellness, and stress management practices.

Design

This study was a cross-sectional self-reported survey study.

Settings and Sample

The study included students (N = 242) and professionals (N = 237) from medicine, nursing, pharmacy, physical therapy, social work, and counseling/psychology.

Measures

The Managing Health & Wellness in Health Professions Training and Practice survey was used to capture wellness practices and barriers among participants. Results: Students reported significantly higher perceived stress compared to professionals ( P < 0.001). Total wellness is significantly higher among professionals compared to students ( P < 0.001). A higher stress rate is significantly related to being female, having a lower wellness score, and facing more barriers ( P < 0.001). Intellectual health is the most valuable wellness domain for providers (M = 3.71, SD = 0.9) and students (M = 3.43, SD = 0.85), followed by spiritual health for providers (M = 3.4, SD = 1.1), and work/learning environment for students (M = 3.33, SD = 0.93). Professionals and students are least satisfied with their physical and financial health. Barriers include fatigue, workload/productivity in clinical practice, work hours, and burnout.

Conclusions

Healthcare professionals exhibit a variety of stress management practices, encounter barriers, and prioritize different wellness domains. Healthcare systems should incorporate self-care education into their curricula and implement systemic changes to foster a thriving healthcare workforce.
Open suture repair versus PermacolTM mesh repair of small ventral hernias in patients with end-stage kidney disease
Authors: Luk Yan , Lee Jia-ning , Law Tsz Ting , Yin Li Jason Yu , Ng Lily , Wong Kin Yuen
Published: August 2024

Background

Ventral hernia is a common surgical problem among patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), while the optimal repair technique for small ventral hernias is controversial. This study aimed to compare the outcomes of open suture repair versus biological mesh repair of small ventral hernias with defect size ≤2 cm in ESKD patients.

Method

Data from consecutive ESKD patients who underwent elective ventral hernia repair with defect size ≤2 cm at a single institution from January 2012 to January 2022 were retrospectively reviewed. Outcomes of open suture repair were compared to PermacolTM mesh repair. The primary outcome was recurrence rate. Secondary outcomes included post-operative complications, peri-operative and post-operative dialysis regimen.

Results

Forty-seven ventral hernia repairs were included, with 20 being suture repairs and 27 being PermacolTM mesh repairs. Median age at hernia repair was 60 (range 32–81) years old. Pre-operatively, 42 patients (89.4%) were on peritoneal dialysis (PD). Paraumbilical hernia (59.6%) was most common. Median hernia defect size was 15 mm (range 2–20 mm). Upon median follow-up of 56 (range 9–119) months, more patients in the suture repair group developed recurrence (30% vs. 0%, p = 0.004). Median time to recurrence was 10 (range 5–16) months. There was no wound or mesh infection. The majority of patients underwent intermittent PD peri-operatively and were able to resume on PD in the long run.

Conclusion

Ventral hernia repair is indicated in ESKD patients even for small defects; repair with PermacolTM mesh was associated with a lower recurrence rate when compared to suture repair and post-operative morbidity was low.
Participating together in CP-ACHIEVE: Experiences, opportunities and reflections from a collaborative research team of people with lived experience of cerebral palsy and health care professionals
Authors: Kilgour Gaela , Lu Alesia , Kozelj Nicole , Tracy Jane , Hickey Lyndal , Granlund Mats , Shields Nora , Morgan Prue , Drake Gabrielle , Cleary Stacey , Johnston Leanne , Imms Christine
Published: August 2024

The Australian Centre for Health, Independence, Economic participation and Value Enhanced care for adolescents and young adults with Cerebral Palsy (CP-ACHIEVE) is a Centre of Research Excellence (CRE), funded for 5-year by the National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia. The vision of CP-ACHIEVE is an Australia where people with cerebral palsy receive excellent healthcare throughout their lives and live in, and contribute to, supportive communities that welcome and enable their participation. CP-ACHIEVE began with the ethical commitment to bring together people with lived experience of cerebral palsy, researchers, and health professionals to develop and conduct research informed by, and relevant to, people with cerebral palsy and their allies. From inception, co-research and collaboration with (not ‘to’ or ‘about’) young people with cerebral palsy (10 to 30 years of age) and their families has been central to our work. In this paper, we describe the CP-ACHIEVE values, structure and strategy for this approach, and its implementation at each stage of the research process. We then provide an example of the strategy in action, using a qualitative exploration of CP-ACHIEVE’s Participation Theme team’s experiences of collaboration and involvement as co-researchers. Active participation in research for young people with lived experience of cerebral palsy and their families is a fundamental human right, based on their right to be active agents in decisions that affect them. In this paper we explore how our collaborative approach, and the integration of diverse views, has enhanced the relevance, quality, usefulness, and translation of our research. We also describe (i) the structural elements of our research group that have facilitated our work together, (ii) our challenges, and (iii) how the ownership of our research by people with cerebral palsy is driving future research directions and empowering involvement of people with lived experience beyond CP-ACHIEVE. We offer this knowledge and our experiences to assist other research teams in their journeys towards collaborative research alongside people with lived experience of disability.
Drilling performance of Al-Ni eutectic alloy with scandium addition
Authors: Pandee Phromphong , Rosewan Korakoch , Zhu Hao , Qi Huan , Saetang Viboon
Published: August 2024

Al-Ni eutectic alloys are an alternative alloy for high-temperature applications because of their excellent thermal stability of the Al3Ni eutectic fibers. Since the matrix of eutectic Al-Ni is weak, adding Sc to the alloy (Al-6Ni-0.4Sc) is able to increase its strength and hardness. This study is to investigate the machinability of Al-6Ni-0.4Sc alloy compared to Al-6Ni alloy through a drilling process. The results revealed that the Al-6Ni-0.4Sc alloy required less power, torque, and thrust force in the drilling process than Al-6Ni, despite having higher strength and hardness. The average specific energy for the drilling of Al-6Ni-0.4Sc alloy was 1.011 W s/mm3. This was 12.77% less than the value for Al-6Ni alloy. The chip velocity in the drilling of the alloy with Sc addition was twice that of the alloy without Sc, implying low heat accumulation in the cutting tool, less tendency for built-up edge formation, and a low wear rate on the drill’s rake face when drilling Al-6Ni-0.4Sc alloy.
Factors associated with human papillomavirus, hepatitis A, hepatitis B and mpox vaccination uptake among gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men in the UK– findings from the large community-based RiiSH-Mpox survey
Authors: Baldry George , Phillips Dawn , Wilkie Ruth , Checchi Marta , Folkard Kate , Simmons Ruth , Saunders John , Mandal Sema , Mercer Catherine H , Mohammed Hamish , Ogaz Dana
Published: August 2024

Background

Gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM) face a disproportionate burden of sexually transmitted infections and are eligible for targeted vaccinations for hepatitis A (HAV), hepatitis B (HBV), human papilloma virus (HPV) and mpox. This study examines the sociodemographic characteristics, sexual behaviours, and sexual healthcare service (SHS) use associated with vaccination uptake.

Methods

We undertook analyses of RiiSH-Mpox - an online, community-based survey with GBMSM recruited via social media and dating apps. We calculated vaccination uptake (≥1 dose) among eligible GBMSM. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify factors independently associated with vaccination uptake among eligible participants.

Results

Reported uptake in eligible GBMSM was around two-thirds for each of the vaccinations considered: mpox 69% (95% confidence interval (CI): 66%-72%), HAV 68% (CI:65%-70%), HBV 72% (CI:69%-74%) and HPV 65% (CI:61%-68%). Vaccination course completion (receiving all recommended doses) ranged from 75% (HBV) to 89% (HAV) among eligible GBMSM. Individuals who represented missed opportunities for vaccination ranged from 22 to 30% of eligible SHS attendees. Younger participants, individuals identifying as bisexual, reporting lower educational qualifications, or being unemployed reported lower uptake across multiple GBMSM-selective vaccinations. Individuals who reported greater levels of sexual behaviour and recent SHS use were more likely to report vaccinations.

Conclusion

Eligible participants reported high uptake of vaccinations; however, uptake was lower amongst young GBMSM and self-identifying bisexual men. Awareness of groups with lower vaccination uptake will help inform practice, delivery strategies and health promotion, to improve the reach and impact of vaccinations amongst GBMSM.
The Canadian Pacific Railway's diversification strategies: A financial performance story, 1883–2020
Authors: Spraakman Gary , Fafatas Stephan , Askarany Davood
Published: August 2024

The diversification and financial performance literature is ambiguous. To shed light on this relationship, quantitative and qualitative research was used to study the Canadian Pacific Railway (CPR) from 1883 to 2020. The CPR was selected because of its extensive archives and past range of diversification activities. Most of CPR's diversification investments were unrelated and unsuccessful. There is a statistically significant negative relationship between diversification and operating income/Tobin's Q. This negative relationship can become U-shaped or even positive by increasing operating income via reduced costs, improved conversion of inputs into outputs, and improved service to customers. The absence of diversification is not sufficient to significantly increase performance; satisfactory financial performance only comes from increasing operating income. These findings contribute to understanding the nuanced relationship between diversification and financial performance, highlighting the advantages of pureplay and the necessity for continuous financial performance improvement with related diversification and even pureplay.
Public Views on Obesity, Bariatric Surgery, and Bariatric Surgery Patients: A Cross-Sectional Survey Study in the Netherlands, France and the United Kingdom
Authors: Garcia Franshelis K. , Mulder Bob C. , Hazebroek Eric J. , Koelen Maria A. , Verkooijen Kirsten T.
Published: August 2024

Bariatric surgery is globally stigmatized. There’s a lack of international comparative research on public perceptions of this procedure, and existing studies often overlook public perceptions of individuals undergoing it. Our cross-sectional survey investigated attitudes toward obesity, bariatric surgery, and individuals undergoing it in the Netherlands, France, and the United Kingdom. Of 1807 respondents, the UK displayed more negative attitudes, possibly due to differing beliefs on personal responsibility or national perspectives on obesity treatment. Surprisingly, respondents had positive attitudes toward bariatric surgery patients despite prevailing negative attitudes toward obesity. Perceptions of personal responsibility significantly impacted attitudes toward these patients. Our study challenges the idea of universally negative attitudes toward bariatric surgery and its patients, underlining the importance of understanding these differences to tackle stigma. Further research on cultural, social, and individual influences is essential.
Development and Validation of a Nomogram Model for Predicting in-Hospital Mortality in non-Diabetic Patients with non-ST-Segment Elevation Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Li Panpan , Yao Wensen , Wu Jingjing , Gao Yating , Zhang Xueyuan , Hu Wei
Published: August 2024

Non-ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) is a life-threatening clinical emergency with a poor prognosis. However, there are no individualized nomogram models to identify patients at high risk of NSTEMI who may undergo death. The aim of this study was to develop a nomogram for in-hospital mortality in patients with NSTEMI to facilitate rapid risk stratification of patients. A total of 774 non-diabetic patients with NSTEMI were included in this study. Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator regression was used to initially screen potential predictors. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression (backward stepwise selection) analyses were performed to identify the optimal predictors for the prediction model. The corresponding nomogram was constructed based on those predictors. The receiver operating characteristic curve, GiViTI calibration plot, and decision curve analysis (DCA) were used to evaluate the performance of the nomogram. The nomogram model consisting of six predictors: age (OR = 1.10; 95% CI: 1.05-1.15), blood urea nitrogen (OR = 1.06; 95% CI: 1.00-1.12), albumin (OR = 0.93; 95% CI: 0.87-1.00), triglyceride (OR = 1.41; 95% CI: 1.09-2.00), D-dimer (OR = 1.39; 95% CI: 1.06-1.80), and aspirin (OR = 0.16; 95% CI: 0.06-0.42). The nomogram had good discrimination (area under the curve (AUC) = 0.89, 95% CI: 0.84-0.94), calibration, and clinical usefulness. In this study, we developed a nomogram model to predict in-hospital mortality in patients with NSTEMI based on common clinical indicators. The proposed nomogram has good performance, allowing rapid risk stratification of patients with NSTEMI.
Navigating Media Landscapes in Conflict Zones: Journalism Amid Turmoil
Authors: Fahmy Shahira S.
Published: August 2024

In recent decades, ongoing armed conflicts worldwide have fueled global instability. This collection highlights the importance of understanding the evolving media landscape within the realm of conflicts. It delves into various research themes and future directions for examining news coverage amid unrest, featuring recent studies from Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly. These studies shed light on media dynamics in conflict zones, emphasizing the importance of comparative analyses and transnational journalism to address challenges in high-conflict environments.
Convexity conditions for fiber-reinforced elastic shells
Authors: Bîrsan Mircea , Shirani Milad , Steigmann David J
Published: August 2024

Convexity conditions of the Legendre–Hadamard and quasiconvexity type are derived in the context of a theory for fiber-reinforced shells based on Cosserat elasticity. These furnish two-dimensional shell-theoretic versions of their three-dimensional counterparts.
Risk of Periodontitis in Adolescents With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Cohort Study of 81,055 Participants
Authors: Hsu Ju-Wei , Chen Li-Chi , Huang Kai-Lin , Tsai Shih-Jen , Bai Ya-Mei , Su Tung-Ping , Chen Tzeng-Ji , Lo Wen-Liang , Chen Mu-Hong
Published: August 2024

Objectives:

Previous studies have demonstrated poor oral hygiene in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, the association between ADHD and periodontitis is still unclear.

Methods:

In all, 16,211 adolescents with ADHD and 162,110 age- and sex-matched controls participated in the study between 2001 and 2011. To identify the occurrence of periodontitis, the participants were followed up till the end of 2011. Confounding factors, including smoking, diabetes, and depressive disorder, were assessed and adjusted in the Cox regression models.

Results:

Adolescents with ADHD ( HR: 2.29) were more likely to develop periodontitis later in life than controls. We additionally observed the beneficial effect of atomoxetine ( HR: 0.42) on the periodontitis risk among adolescents with ADHD. However, this finding should be interpreted cautiously given the small sample ( n = 290) of children taking atomoxetine in the present study.

Conclusions:

ADHD is an independent risk factor for subsequent periodontitis development. Oral health should be closely monitored in adolescents with ADHD. Future investigation of the shared pathomechanisms between periodontitis and ADHD is warranted.