bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Untargeted metabolomics-based response analysis of temperature and insecticide exposure in Aedes aegypti
Authors: Singh Poonam , Kumar Pradeep , Pande Veena , Kumar Virendra , Dhiman Ramesh C.
Published: February 2022

In this study, we utilized an untargeted NMR metabolomics approach to identify the vector response in terms of metabolic profiling after temperature and insecticide exposure in comparison with the control. Clearly, temperature and insecticide exposure cause changes in the underlying metabolism, and the NMR metabolomic profile enables a direct examination of the immediate response of the vector to cope up with these changes. The present study was designed in four parts: A-Aedes aegyptiwere exposed to 40 °C for one-hour, DDT-4%, malathion-5%, and deltamethrin-0.05% separately and, part B-D; one-hour exposure at 35 °C and 40 °C temperatures followed by one-hour exposure to insecticide. The resultant metabolite profiles were compared with the control. In response to temperature and insecticide exposure, several metabolites and altered pathways were identified. Citrate, maltose, lipids, Nicotinate, Choline, Pyruvate and β-hydroxybutyrate were found as important components of major biological pathways such as tri-carboxylic acid cycle, branched amino acid degradation, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, amino acid metabolism, lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, nucleotide PRPP pathway, and phospholipid metabolism. Furthermore, the results also suggest that the changes imposed by exposure to temperature and insecticides individually, are reversed with combined exposure, thus negating the impact of each other and posing a threat to the control of Aedes-borne diseases such as dengue, chikungunya, Zika and yellow fever.
Characterization of the physicochemical properties, antioxidant activity, and antiproliferative activity of natural melanin from S. reiliana
Authors: Fu Xin , Xie Mengxi , Lu Ming , Shi Lin , Shi Taiyuan , Yu Miao
Published: February 2022

This study aimed to characterize the physicochemical properties and stability of L-25 melanin extracted from Sporisorium reilianum (S. reiliana). The results showed that the maximum absorption wavelength of melanin was 215 nm. Reducing agents, heat, light, microwaving, oxidants, and common food additives did not affect the melanin. Additionally, it has a good metal stability except Mn2+. The IR spectra revealed the presence of O–H, N–H, C=O, and C=C bonds as well as carboxyl, alcohol hydroxyl, and phenolic hydroxyl groups and a pyran ring. L-25 melanin could be defined as DL-hydroxy phenylalanine (DOPA)-melanin. The antioxidant and antiproliferative were also measured. The melanin has a specific stability and high antioxidant activity, including a strong DPPH free radical scavenging ability, and protected damaged HepG2 cells by reducing reactive oxygen species, malondialdehyde, and lactate dehydrogenase content. In conclusion, S. reilianum represents a novel source of melanin, that could be applied to health food or food additives. Our results show that melanin from S. reilianum is a natural pigment with good stability that has a great prospect of development and application, providing a theoretical basis and methods for its further processing and development as a functional food.
Youth well-being predicts later academic success
Authors: Cárdenas Diana , Lattimore Finnian , Steinberg Daniel , Reynolds Katherine J.
Published: February 2022

Young people worldwide face new challenges as climate change and complex family structures disrupt societies. These challenges impact on youth’s subjective well-being, with evidence of decline across many countries. While the burden of negative well-being on productivity is widely examined amongst adults, its cost among youth remains understudied. The current research comprehensively investigates the relationship between youth subjective well-being and standardized academic test scores. We use highly controlled machine learning models on a moderately-sized high-school student sample (N ~ 3400), with a composite subjective well-being index (composed of depression, anxiety and positive affect), to show that students with greater well-being are more likely to have higher academic scores 7–8 months later (on Numeracy: β* = .033, p = .020). This effect emerges while also accounting for previous test scores and other confounding factors. Further analyses with each well-being measure, suggests that youth who experience greater depression have lower academic achievement (Numeracy: β* = − .045, p = .013; Reading: β* = − .033, p = .028). By quantifying the impact of youth well-being, and in particular of lowering depression, this research highlights its importance for the next generation's health and productivity.
Irrelevant insights make worldviews ring true
Authors: Laukkonen Ruben E , Kaveladze Benjamin T , Protzko John , Tangen Jason M , von Hippel William , Schooler Jonathan W
Published: February 2022

Our basic beliefs about reality can be impossible to prove and yet we can feel a strong intuitive conviction about them, as exemplified by insights that imbue an idea with immediate certainty. Here we presented participants with worldview beliefs such as “people’s core qualities are fixed” and simultaneously elicited an aha moment. In the first experiment (N = 3000, which included a direct replication), participants rated worldview beliefs as truer when they solved anagrams and also experienced aha moments. A second experiment (N = 1564) showed that the worldview statement and the aha moment must be perceived simultaneously for this ‘insight misattribution’ effect to occur. These results demonstrate that artificially induced aha moments can make worldview beliefs seem truer, possibly because humans partially rely on feelings of insight to appraise an idea’s veracity. Feelings of insight are therefore not epiphenomenal and should be investigated for their effects on decisions, beliefs, and delusions.
Radiochemical analysis of the drain water sampled at the exhaust stack shared by Units 1 and 2 of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station
Authors: Shimada Asako , Taniguchi Yoshinori , Kakiuchi Kazuo , Ohira Saki , Iida Yoshihisa , Sugiyama Tomoyuki , Amaya Masaki , Maruyama Yu
Published: February 2022

Radioactive gas of Unit 1 of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station was released from the exhaust stack shared by Units 1 and 2 through the venting line on March 12th, 2011. In the present study, radiochemical analysis of drain water sampled at the drain pit of the exhaust stack was conducted to study radionuclides released during venting of the Unit 1. Not only volatile 129I, 134Cs and 137Cs but also 60Co, 90Sr, 125Sb and Unit 1-originated stable Mo isotopes were detected. Although Unit 1-originated stable Mo isotopes were clearly detected, their amounts were quite low compared to Cs, suggesting that the formation of Cs2MoO4 was suppressed under the accident condition. Approximately 90% of iodine existed as I− and 10% as IO3− in November 2020. Furthermore, larger amount of 129I than 137Cs was observed, suggesting major chemical form of 131I was molecular iodine rather than CsI at the accident time. The 134Cs/137Cs radioactivity ratio decay-corrected to March 11th, 2011 was 0.86, supported the results that Unit 1 originated radiocesium in environment has smaller 134Cs/137Cs radioactivity ratio than Unit 2 and 3 originated radiocesium.
Synthesis of two novel bio-based hydrogels using sodium alginate and chitosan and their proficiency in physical immobilization of enzymes
Authors: Shakeri Fateh , Ariaeenejad Shohreh , Ghollasi Marzieh , Motamedi Elaheh
Published: February 2022

Herein, four novel and bio-based hydrogel samples using sodium alginate (SA) and chitosan (CH) grafted with acrylamide (AAm) and glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and their reinforced nanocomposites with graphene oxide (GO) were synthesized and coded as SA-g-(AAm-co-GMA), CH-g-(AAm-co-GMA), GO/SA-g-(AAm-co-GMA), and GO/CH-g-(AAm-co-GMA), respectively. The morphology, net charge, and water absorption capacity of samples were entirely changed by switching the biopolymer from SA to CH and adding a nano-filler. The proficiencies of hydrogels were compared in the immobilization of a model metagenomic-derived xylanase (PersiXyn9). The best performance was observed for GO/SA-g-poly(AAm-co-GMA) sample indicating better stabilizing electrostatic attractions between PersiXyn9 and reinforced SA-based hydrogel. Compared to the free enzyme, the immobilized PersiXyn9 on reinforced SA-based hydrogel showed a 110.1% increase in the released reducing sugar and almost double relative activity after 180 min storage. While immobilized enzyme on SA-based hydrogel displayed 58.7% activity after twelve reuse cycles, the enzyme on CH-based carrier just retained 8.5% activity after similar runs.
Impact of short school closures (1–5 days) on overall academic performance of schools in California
Authors: Miller Rebecca K. , Hui Iris
Published: February 2022

Climate change impacts such as disasters and higher temperatures can disrupt academic learning and reduce academic performance. Here, we use two-ways linear fixed effects regression to estimate the effects of short-term school closures (1–5 days) due to wildfires, natural hazard impacts, infrastructure, and student safety on academic performance in California, focusing on mathematics and English scores from state assessments and college preparatory exams. Wildfires are responsible for the majority of school closures. Wildfires generate significant negative impacts on academic performance among younger students. We primarily find insignificant impacts on academic achievement due to school closures from other causes, including from the interaction between number of closure days and socioeconomic and racial/ethnic makeup of the school, across all causes. The effects of school closures lasting more than one week (6–10 days) are also generally insignificant, except for the negative impacts of wildfire closures on elementary school students. These results suggest that older students are resilient to most unexpected short-term school closures (1–5 days) or that teachers can make up lessons effectively after schoolwide closures.
Estimation of activity concentrations of radionuclides and their hazard indices in coastal plain sand region of Ogun state
Authors: Adewoyin O. O. , Maxwell O. , Akinwumi S. A. , Adagunodo T. A. , Embong Z. , Saeed M. A.
Published: February 2022

Assessment of natural background radionuclides emanating from the subsurface geological features was carried out with the use of gamma-ray spectrometry at various locations at one of the secondary school in Canaan land, Ota, Ogun State. The activity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K were revealed to be 12.66 ± 0.76–42.33 ± 1.37, 44.96 ± 1.41–128.70 ± 1.56, 31.30 ± 1.18–453.85 ± 2.43 Bq kg−1 respectively. The mean value of 232Th reported higher than the world reference standard of 50 Bq kg−1. Moreover, the stations closest to the school’s laboratory were noticed to be prone to more gamma radiations than the other buildings in the school. Similarly, the results of the radiological parameters estimated varied between 86.04–243.7 Bq kg−1, 40.02–115.4 nGy h−1, 0.049–0.142 mSv y−1 and 0.232–0.658 for Raeq, D(out), AEDE and Hex, respectively. Although, the results of the radiological parameters did not exceed the world safe limits, higher values of these parameters were reported at some stations closer to the school laboratory. It can be concluded that the school laboratory is prone to more gamma radiation than the class rooms and the administrative block. Therefore, the laboratory instructors and staff, who spend longer time in the laboratory, are more liable to the health risk that could result from years of exposure to gamma radiation in the laboratory.
Protocol designs for NOON states
Authors: Grün Daniel S. , Wittmann W. Karin , Ymai Leandro H. , Links Jon , Foerster Angela
Published: February 2022

The ability to reliably prepare non-classical states will play a major role in the realization of quantum technology. NOON states, belonging to the class of Schrödinger cat states, have emerged as a leading candidate for several applications. Here we show how to generate NOON states in a model of dipolar bosons confined to a closed circuit of four sites. This is achieved by designing protocols to transform initial Fock states to NOON states through use of time evolution, application of an external field, and local projective measurements. The evolution time is independent of total particle number, offering an encouraging prospect for scalability. By variation of the external field strength, we demonstrate how the system can be controlled to encode a phase into a NOON state. We also discuss the physical feasibility, via ultracold dipolar atoms in an optical superlattice setup. Our proposal showcases the benefits of quantum integrable systems in the design of protocols.
Concerted effect of Ni-in and S-out on ReS2 nanostructures towards high-efficiency oxygen evolution reaction
Authors: Das Tapas K. , Ping Tapan , Mohapatra Manoj , Anwar Shahid , Gopinath Chinnakonda S. , Jena Bikash Kumar
Published: February 2022

The excellent OER activity benefiting from the rapid charge transfer caused by the concerted effect of Ni-in and S-out on a ReS2 nanostructure.
Preparation of nanorod-assembled CNT-embedded LiMnPO4 hollow microspheres for enhanced electrochemical performance of lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Gao Zhi , Zhang Tao , Pan Xiaoliang , Xie Shikun , Liu Lijun , Zeng Yonghui , Xie Chengning
Published: February 2022

The simultaneous enhancement of electron transfer and Li+ migration is of particular importance to achieve high electrochemical performance in lithium-ion batteries.
Cavity-based free energy analysis of osmolyte effects on protein denaturation
Authors: Heying Michael , Lam Kevin , Canepa Jacob , Richardson Abigail D. , Wilkinson Steven P.
Published: February 2022

Coarse-grained modeling of cavity growth in water–osmolyte systems provides accurate fits to experimental data for CRP and TNFα. The model parameters also predict regions of protein stability based on temperature, concentration and osmolyte.
The radicals of quercetin-derived antioxidants in Triton X-100 micelles
Authors: Kohlmann Tim , Goez Martin
Published: February 2022

Experiment is better than theory at identifying which neutral radicals NRx of the popular antioxidant quercetin and its derivatives are formed in a nonionic micelle and how they are deprotonated to give radical anions RANxy.
Unveiling the new function of uranyl molecular clusters as fluorometric sensors for UV and X-ray dosimetry
Authors: Lu Huangjie , Zheng Zhaofa , Qiu Jie , Qian Yuan , Wang Jian-Qiang , Lin Jian
Published: February 2022

The implementation of uranium bearing molecular clusters for radiation detection has been unlocked.
Photo-enhanced uptake of SO2 on Icelandic volcanic dusts
Authors: Lasne Jerome , Urupina Darya , Maters Elena C. , Delmelle Pierre , Romanias Manolis N. , Thevenet Frederic
Published: February 2022

Laboratory study evaluating the impact of relative humidity and simulated sunlight radiation on SO2 uptake on natural volcanic particles.
Identification of industrial detergent enzymes by SDS-PAGE and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry
Authors: Abedi Ghazaleh , Talebpour Zahra , Aliahmadi Atousa , Mashhadi Ilnaz Soleimani
Published: February 2022

An efficient method was proposed for routine analysis of the most widely used detergent enzymes.
Role of a perhydroxyl radical in the chelator-mediated Fenton reaction
Authors: Pérez-González Gabriel , Melín Victoria , Méndez-Rivas Camila , Díaz Juan , Moreno Nataly , Contreras David
Published: February 2022

Differences in the ring substitution of dyhydroxybenzenes, modifies the iron reduction mechanism and are important to understand variations in the oxygen radical production profile at low H2O2.
Size and structure effects on platinum nanocatalysts: theoretical insights from methanol dehydrogenation
Authors: Laletina Svetlana S. , Mamatkulov Mikhail , Shor Aleksey M. , Shor Elena A. , Kaichev Vasily V. , Yudanov Ilya V.
Published: February 2022

Methanol dehydrogenation on Pt nanoparticles was studied as a model reaction with the focus on size and structure effects employing the density functional theory approach.
Bis(cholyl)-based chloride channels with oxalamide and hydrazide selectivity filters
Authors: Sharma Rashmi , Vijay Amal , Mukherjee Arnab , Talukdar Pinaki
Published: February 2022

Supramolecular bis(cholyl) ion channels with oxalamide and hydrazide as selectivity filters are reported. The hydrazide system showed superior chloride transport activity to oxalamide due to better anion recognition.
Synthesis of spiroindolenine-3,3′-pyrrolo[2,1-b]quinazolinones through gold(i)-catalyzed dearomative cyclization of N-alkynyl quinazolinone-tethered indoles
Authors: Wang Wang , Zou Pei-Sen , Pang Li , Lei Yao , Huang Zi-Yi , Chen Nan-Ying , Mo Dong-Liang , Pan Cheng-Xue , Su Gui-Fa
Published: February 2022

An efficient gold(i)-catalyzed dearomative cyclization of N-alkynyl quinazolinone-tethered C2-substituted indoles to prepare various spiroindolenine-3,3′-pyrrolo[2,1-b]quinazolinones in good to excellent yields is reported.
Catalytic stereoselective synthesis of 2-deoxy α-glycosides using glycosyl ortho-[1-(p-MeOPhenyl)Vinyl]Benzoate (PMPVB) donors
Authors: Halder Suvendu , Addanki Rupa Bai , Sarmah Bikash K. , Kancharla Pavan K.
Published: February 2022

2-Deoxyglycosyl PMPVB donors for the stereoselective synthesis of 2-deoxy α-glycosides via Brønsted acid catalysis.
Recent progress in the development of highly active dyeing photoinitiators based on 1,3-bis(p-substituted phenylamino)squaraines for radical polymerization of acrylates
Authors: Balcerak Alicja , Kabatc Janina
Published: February 2022

Squaraines are an important and very interesting group of organic functional dyes because of their unique physicochemical properties. These compounds have found many applications in different areas of science and technique.
Facile synthesis of a hyperbranched polymer prodrug as unimolecular micelles for overcoming multidrug resistance
Authors: Li Jie , Liu Peng
Published: February 2022

Hyperbranched polymer prodrug (HBPP) with high drug content was designed as unimolecular micelles for enhanced intracellular drug delivery via one-pot self-condensing vinyl polymerization (SCVP).
Understanding the superior NH3-SCR activity of CHA zeolite synthesized via template-free interzeolite transformation
Authors: Lv Nangui , Sun Chenhu , Wang Xueqin , Wang Chan , Yue Yuanyuan , Bao Xiaojun
Published: February 2022

A highly active NH3-SCR catalyst (Cu-CHAUSY) derived from CHA-type zeolite (CHAUSY) that is synthesized via template-free interzeolite transformation from ultra-stable Y (USY) with specific silicon and aluminum configurations.
Synthesis and application of novel P-chiral monophosphorus ligands
Authors: Xie Xiaoxiao , Li Sanliang , Chen Qiaoyu , Guo Hao , Yang Junfeng , Zhang Junliang
Published: February 2022

A series of novel P-stereogenic monophosphorus ligands (Xie-phos) were synthesized via the hydrophosphinylation of alkynes with secondary phosphine oxides by palladium catalysis and the following base mediated cyclization.
Students who prefer face-to-face tests outperform their online peers in organic chemistry
Authors: Beatty Abby E. , Esco Abby , Curtiss Ashley B. C. , Ballen Cissy J.
Published: February 2022

To test the hypothesis that students who complete remote online tests experience an ‘online grade penalty’, we compared performance outcomes of second-year students who elected to complete exams online to those who completed face-to-face, paper-based tests in an organic chemistry course. We pursued the following research questions: (RQ1) Are there performance gaps between students who elect to take online tests and those who take face-to-face tests? (RQ2) Do these two groups differ with respect to other affective or incoming performance attributes? How do these attributes relate to performance overall? (RQ3) How does performance differ between students who reported equal in-class engagement but selected different testing modes? (RQ4) Why do students prefer one testing mode over the other? We found that students who elected to take online tests consistently underperformed relative to those who took face-to-face tests. While we observed no difference between the two student groups with respect to their intrinsic goal orientation and incoming academic preparation, students who preferred face-to-face tests perceived chemistry as more valuable than students who preferred to complete exams online. We observed a positive correlation between performance outcomes and all affective factors. Among students who reported similar levels of in-class engagement, online testers underperformed relative to face-to-face testers. Open-ended responses revealed online testers were avoiding exposure to illness/COVID-19 and preferred the convenience of staying at home; the most common responses from face-to-face testers included the ability to perform and focus better in the classroom, and increased comfort or decreased stress they perceived while taking exams.
Anatomy and formation mechanisms of early amyloid-β oligomers with lateral branching: graph network analysis on large-scale simulations
Authors: Yuan Miao , Tang Xuan , Han Wei
Published: February 2022

Graph network analysis on large-scale simulations uncovers the differential branching behaviours of large Aβ40 and Aβ42 oligomers.
Chirality at nanoscale for bioscience
Authors: Sun Maozhong , Wang Xiuxiu , Guo Xiao , Xu Liguang , Kuang Hua , Xu Chuanlai
Published: February 2022

In this review, we summarize the principles of fabrication on chiral nanomaterials and generalize the recent achievements for the bioscience applications.
semiaza-Bambusurils are anion-specific transmembrane transporters
Authors: Khurana Raman , Yang Feihu , Khurana Rishu , Liu Junqiu , Keinan Ehud , Reany Ofer
Published: February 2022

The most efficient anion transporters are those that agree with Lipinski's rule-of-lipophilicity, exhibiting a partition coefficient (clog Po/w) close to 5.
Palladium-catalyzed rearrangement reaction to access 1-phenanthrol derivatives
Authors: Liu Ce , Shi Wei-Yu , Ding Ya-Nan , Zheng Nian , Liang Yong-Min
Published: February 2022

This manuscript describes an unusual Pd-catalyzed rearrangement reaction.
Petahertz charge dynamics in a correlated organic superconductor
Authors: Iwai Shinichiro , Kawakami Yohei , Itoh Hirotake , Yonemitsu Kenji
Published: February 2022

Unconventional stimulated emission and second harmonic generation (SHG) in an ultrafast no-scattering time window are induced by a nearly single-cycle 6 fs near infrared electric field of 10 MV cm−1 in an organic superconductor (κ-(h-ET)2Cu[N(CN)2]Br).
Master equation study of hydrogen abstraction from HCHO by OH via a chemically activated intermediate
Authors: Zhang Rui Ming , Chen Wenqi , Truhlar Donald G. , Xu Xuefei
Published: February 2022

A new extension of the TUMME master-equation program is used to explore the time evolutions of the concentrations of the OH radical and the reaction complex under pseudo-first-order conditions.
Photo-assisted thermal catalytic Fischer–Tropsch synthesis over Co–Cu/CeO2
Authors: Yue Xuanyu , Liu Xin , Wang Ke , Yang Zhou , Chen Xun , Dai Wenxin , Fu Xianzhi
Published: February 2022

Photo-assisted Cu–Co/CeO2 in the Fischer–Tropsch synthesis to achieve high value-added alcohol production. Under light, the excited Cu and the electron transfer behavior of CeO2 promote the adsorption of CO and rapid hydrogenation.
Dual-functional ratiometric fluorescent sensor based on mixed-lanthanide metal–organic frameworks for the detection of trace water and temperature
Authors: Zhai Xiaoyong , Feng Pengfei , Song Nan , Zhao Guodong , Liu Qingyi , Liu Liangliang , Tang Mei , Tang Yu
Published: February 2022

A mixed-lanthanide MOF with multiple readouts has been developed, which presents a promising paradigm for real-time and in situ determination of trace water and temperature.
Sorting of proteins with shape and curvature anisotropy on a lipid bilayer tube
Authors: Vyas Pranav , Kumar P. B. Sunil , Das Sovan Lal
Published: February 2022

Theoretical modeling of curvature induced sorting of cell-membrane proteins including soft interaction potentials, shape anisotropy, and curvature anisotropy.
NovaBiotics’ journey to commercialization of novel immune-based therapies
Authors: O'Neil Deborah
Published: February 2022

The Biochemist spoke to Deborah O’Neil, the CEO and founder of NovaBiotics, to find out about her journey to commercialization of her research. A biotechnology entrepreneur and immunologist by training, Deborah has over two decades of experience in drug discovery and development and was named as one of the 20 women leaders in European biotech in 2019. In 2020, Deborah was made OBE in the Queen’s Birthday Honours list for services to biotechnology, industry and charity. Deborah studied at University College London and then worked in postdoctoral positions in internationally acclaimed laboratories in San Diego and Ghent before moving to Aberdeen (to the Rowett Research Institute, now part of the University of Aberdeen) where she founded NovaBiotics in 2004.
The Impact of COVID-19 on Illinois Early Intervention Services
Authors: Roberts Megan Y. , Thornhill Liane , Lee Jordan , Zellner Matthew A. , Sudec Laura , Grauzer Jeffrey , Stern Yael S.
Published: February 2022

Purpose:

We sought to understand the extent of the nationwide disruption to Part C Early Intervention services due to COVID-19 and the subsequent shift to telehealth, primarily through a focused examination of providers' perspectives on this disruption in a single state, which is Illinois.

Method:

To examine the impact of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) on Early Intervention service provision and implementation, 385 Early Intervention Illinois providers completed a web-based survey. Archival data were used to determine changes in number of Illinois Early Intervention referrals following the pandemic onset and to compare Illinois' telehealth and stay-at-home policies to those of other states.

Results:

The majority (85%) of Illinois Early Intervention providers reported a disruption in service provision during COVID-19. The number of sessions delivered and the number of children per caseload decreased significantly. Provider confidence also decreased significantly. Only 28% of providers reported high confidence with telehealth. Identified benefits of telehealth included increased accessibility and caregiver involvement, whereas limitations included perceived lack of caregiver buy-in. New Illinois Early Intervention referrals and cases were lower during COVID-19 than in the previous year. Prior to 2020, 33 states did not have a permanent reimbursement policy for providing telehealth Early Intervention services. For states with a suspension of in-person Early Intervention services due to COVID-19, time to approval for telehealth reimbursement varied (0–22 days).

Conclusions:

The shift to telehealth in Illinois resulted in decreases in service provision and provider confidence across disciplines. However, providers identified some benefits to telehealth. Telehealth may represent a means to increase Early Intervention accessibility following the pandemic.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.19119539
The Relationship Between Single-Word Speech Severity and Intelligibility in Childhood Apraxia of Speech
Authors: Chenausky Karen V. , Gagné Danielle , Stipancic Kaila L. , Shield Aaron , Green Jordan R.
Published: February 2022

Purpose:

The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between perceived single-word speech severity and intelligibility in children with childhood apraxia of speech (CAS), with and without comorbid language impairment (LI), and to investigate the contribution of different CAS signs to perceived single-word speech severity and single-word intelligibility.

Method:

Thirty children with CAS, 18 with comorbid LI, completed the Goldman-Fristoe Test of Articulation–Second Edition (GFTA-2). Trained judges coded children's responses for signs of CAS and percent phonemes correct. Nine listeners, blind to diagnoses, rated speech severity using a visual analog scale. Intelligibility was assessed by comparing listeners' orthographic transcriptions of children's responses to target responses.

Results:

Measures of speech severity (GFTA-2 standard score, number of unique CAS signs, total CAS signs, and mean severity rating) were significantly correlated with measures of intelligibility (GFTA-2 raw score, percent phonemes correct, and mean intelligibility score). Speech severity and intelligibility did not differ significantly between children with and without LI. Only consonant errors contributed significant variability to speech severity. Consonant errors and stress errors contributed significant variability to intelligibility.

Conclusions:

Findings suggest that visual analog scale ratings are a valid and convenient measure of single-word speech severity and that GFTA-2 raw score is an equally convenient measure of single-word intelligibility. The result that consonant errors were by far the major contributor to single-word speech severity and intelligibility in children with CAS, with stress errors also making a small contribution to intelligibility, suggests that consonant accuracy and appropriate lexical stress should be prime therapeutic targets for these children in the context of treatment addressing motor planning/programming, self-monitoring, and self-correcting.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.19119350
Classification of complex power quality disturbances based on modified empirical wavelet transform and light gradient boosting machine
Authors: Wu Jianzhang , Mei Fei , Zhang Chenyu , Miao Huiyu , Li Kai , Zheng Jianyong
Published: February 2022

Accurate detection and classification of power quality (PQ) disturbances is an essential prerequisite for PQ mitigation. To address this issue, a new PQ assessment framework based on modified empirical wavelet transform (MEWT) and light gradient boosting machine (LightGBM) is proposed here. First, the frequency estimation mechanism and band segmentation rule of empirical wavelet transform (EWT) is modified, which makes EWT suitable for analysing complex PQ signals. Second, based on the PQ disturbance analysis results of MEWT, 8 characteristic curves are defined and statistical features are extracted in both the time and frequency domain. Third, binary relevance‐based LightGBM (BR‐LightGBM) is designed for the multilabel classification of massive PQ events. Considering the impact of input features and model structure, feature selection and hyper parameter optimization are conducted for achieving better classification performance. Finally, extensive experiments based on synthetic data and two groups of measured data show the effectiveness of the proposed method on 48 types of complex PQ disturbances. Compared with other algorithms for multiple PQ signals, the proposed method is fast for computation and performs better in classification accuracy and robustness, which is a prospective alternative for the PQ monitoring system.
An optimal content indexing approach for named data networking in software‐defined IoT system
Authors: Dudeja Rajan Kumar , Singh Amritpal , Bali Rasmeet Singh , Aujla Gagangeet Singh
Published: February 2022

The evolution of the Internet of Things (IoT) has increased the number of connected devices in the network. This has shifted the focus from IP‐based network architecture towards content‐centric networking (CCN). CCN eliminates the need for address‐content binding in the conventional IP‐based networks and allows the content to be accessed based on the name instead of the physical location. Named data networking (NDN) is a promising technique that can fulfil the increasing demand for connected devices through the CCN approach. NDN distributes the content on the network and focusses on the security of the content rather than the communication channel. However, the increase in traffic due to the escalation in the number of connected devices can lead to congestion in the network. The content distribution approach on the nodes is generalised and suitable for small networks. In the case of larger networks, an optimal approach is required to decide the optimal location to store the required content. However, a linear search approach is used to search (or lookup) the content in the assigned cache of the NDN node. In this work, the authors have combined the software‐defined networking (SDN) with the NDN approach to overcome the above‐highlighted challenge. Thus, the authors have designed an optimal content storage and indexing approach based on NDN‐SDN coalesce in the IoT ecosystem. The proposed approach includes different phases, (a) a hashing‐based content searching approach is formulated to reduce the look‐up time of the content, (b) a red‐black tree‐based content storage approach is introduced for optimal utilisation of the assigned cache memory of the different NDN nodes, and (c) SDN controller facilitates automated network management and helps to administer the network requirements centrally and locate the content accordingly. The proposed approach was validated through the simulation experiments concerning network delay, packet rate, throughput, and cache hit ratio. The results obtained show the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Laboratory rotational spectroscopy of acrylamide and a search for acrylamide and propionamide toward Sgr B2(N) with ALMA
Authors: Kolesniková L. , Belloche A. , Koucký J. , Alonso E. R. , Garrod R. T. , Luková K. , Menten K. M. , Müller H. S. P. , Kania P. , Urban Š.
Published: February 2022

Context. Numerous complex organic molecules have been detected in the universe and among them are amides, which are considered as prime models for species containing a peptide linkage. In its backbone, acrylamide (CH2CHC(O)NH2) bears not only the peptide bond, but also the vinyl functional group that is a common structural feature in many interstellar compounds. This makes acrylamide an interesting candidate for searches in the interstellar medium. In addition, a tentative detection of the related molecule propionamide (C2H5C(O)NH2) has been recently claimed toward Sgr B2(N).

Aims. The aim of this work is to extend the knowledge of the laboratory rotational spectrum of acrylamide to higher frequencies, which would make it possible to conduct a rigorous search for interstellar signatures of this amide using millimeter wave astronomy.

Methods. We measured and analyzed the rotational spectrum of acrylamide between 75 and 480 GHz. We searched for emission of acrylamide in the imaging spectral line survey ReMoCA performed with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array toward Sgr B2(N). We also searched for propionamide in the same source. The astronomical spectra were analyzed under the assumption of local thermodynamic equilibrium.

Results. We report accurate laboratory measurements and analyses of thousands of rotational transitions in the ground state and two excited vibrational states of the most stable syn form of acrylamide. In addition, we report an extensive set of rotational transitions for the less stable skew conformer. Tunneling through a low energy barrier between two symmetrically equivalent configurations has been revealed for this higher-energy species. Neither acrylamide nor propionamide were detected toward the two main hot molecular cores of Sgr B2(N). We did not detect propionamide either toward a position located to the east of the main hot core, thereby undermining the recent claim of its interstellar detection toward this position. We find that acrylamide and propionamide are at least 26 and 14 times less abundant, respectively, than acetamide toward the main hot core Sgr B2(N1S), and at least 6 and 3 times less abundant, respectively, than acetamide toward the secondary hot core Sgr B2(N2).

Conclusions. A comparison with results of astrochemical kinetics model for related species suggests that acrylamide may be a few hundred times less abundant than acetamide, corresponding to a value that is at least an order of magnitude lower than the observational upper limits. Propionamide may be as little as only a factor of two less abundant than the upper limit derived toward Sgr B2(N1S). Lastly, the spectroscopic data presented in this work will aid future searches of acrylamide in space.
Process Management Models in Service Enterprises: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Feversani Daniela , De Castro Valeria , Marcos Esperanza
Published: February 2022

Improvements to business processes influence the quality of services with which the customer is provided. This principle is the basis of the Total Quality Management approach. This paper presents a systematic literature review carried out in order to identify the most commonly used models in service companies to manage their internal processes. In addition, the type/size of companies that most frequently use these models are identified to find gaps in such utilization to contribute to the service science field. The review process made it possible to identify 1507 studies, 74 of which were eventually classified as primary studies. The results showed that the most widely used models are the European Foundation for Quality Management (EFQM) for organisational management, and the Capability Maturity Model Integration for Services (CMMI-SVC), which is employed to determine the organisation’s maturity, evaluate processes and improve services. The use of ISO/IEC 20000 standards for IT service management and ISO/IEC 9001 for product and service quality management was also identified, as were proposals such as the ITIL framework with best practices in IT service management. With regard to the type of organisations that implement these solutions, large companies prevail and small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are underrepresented.
Assistive Healthcare Robotics – Challenges in Nursing Service Innovation: Critical Review
Authors: Badr Nabil Georges , Dankar Maha
Published: February 2022

Healthcare robots assist older people and caregivers. Many scientists and researchers have been looking at the use of robotic technology to help not only elderly people but also their care providers. Through a review of the literature and an in-depth study of published papers, we include a timely overview of care robotics. In this study, we review what we know about the use of assistive robots in the elderly care context, their benefits and potential challenges. These humanoid resources offer a range of physical, cognitive, and social tasks in the aim of improving health outcomes. Service Science calls for understanding complex service systems, our Sociotechnical system (STS) lens applied to the use of robotics in the nursing function aims at learning the underlying trajectories of socio-technical dynamics within the nursing service system and the complexity introduced by their humanoid counterpart. This presents a significant contribution to Service Science. In essence, the research introduces the STS lens to understand the interaction between human and machine in the nursing ecosystem, while proposing learnings on a better design in practice. We focus on the current and potential future challenges of healthcare robotics as well as how such technology can help healthy aging, healthcare staff, especially nurses, and our healthcare system as a whole. We conclude that, despite the potential advantages, the adoption of care robots is still shy. Using the lens of the sociotechnical perspective and concepts of service innovation roadmaps, we pave the way for identifying factors of adoption that may influence the proliferation of care robots.
Case study: the contributions of a FabLab to a Bachelor cursus in Occupational Therapy
Authors: Mizeret Jérôme , Nyffeler Nathalie , Ray-Kaeser Sylvie , Délèze Noémie , Thomas Mélanie
Published: February 2022

The aim of this research is to explore the contributions of FabLabs in applied tertiary education (Bachelor University of Applied Sciences – UAS), and particularly in the form of hybrid teaching modules, combining academic subjects and maker experience. FabLabs can offer services to the professors of various academic fields to reinvent their teaching methodologies, incorporating making as a way to transmit knowledge and enhance student engagement. We have also established with higher education professors and lecturers in mind, the conditions for the implementation of such modules in order to guarantee their success. A pilot project has been conducted with occupational therapy students consisting of a one-semester module of 30 periods, dedicated to developing and prototyping in order to adapt toys and games to be used by children with cerebral palsy of the spastic hemiplegia type. The FabLab was the place where prototypes were made, but also where exchange, collaboration and creativity were catalysed. Our observations showed that the students developed three types of skills: technical (use of digital 3D CAD software and machines), occupational, in the field of occupational therapy (observation and analysis of the accessibility of the environment, solution-oriented approach aimed at increasing occupational performance and participation) and relational (creativity, agility, collaboration). Commitment and pleasure of learning were present throughout the module. The conditions for the success were the co-construction of the learning experience by both the professors and the labmanagers in charge of the FabLab, the establishment of a pedagogical scenario, and constant, open communication between them.
Sport organizations: An investigation of digital technologies and their impact on performance in the Italian context
Authors: Varriale Luisa , Briganti Paola , Volpe Tiziana , Ferrara Maria
Published: February 2022

This paper aims to investigate the Italian football clubs outlining their orientation in adopting digital technologies at any level, primarily for improving their overall performance. In the last decades, we observe the increasing implementation and spread of digital technologies worldwide in any economic settings, including the sport industry, where especially in the football business, the digital technologies have been playing a crucial role in supporting managerial, work out and training processes and making them much more competitive and high performing. This study, through a comparative analysis of the Italian football clubs in the Serie A for the year 2021/2022, aims to provide a portrait of these sport organizations and their way to be much more technologically advanced adopting the digital technologies (accessible website; learning and training applications; match analysis tools, etc.). After a brief review of the literature on the topic, we investigate the Italian football clubs mapping them considering some specific main features (i.e. the degree of innovativeness of website, the adoption of e-training or match analysis solutions, etc.). Our qualitative research, through a multiple case study, should provide some possible stimulating and interesting insights for the future, analysing one specific country, where football industry represents the most relevant sport setting with high relevance in terms of volume of affairs, also significantly affected from the digital technologies making them “smart”.
An optimization approach for disaster relief network design under uncertainty and disruption with sustainability considerations
Authors: Desi-Nezhad Zahra , Sabouhi Fatemeh , Dehghani Sadrabadi Mohammad Hossein
Published: February 2022

Human-made, natural, and unexpected disasters always cause human and financial losses to communities. Disaster management is a framework with proven performance to reduce the damage caused by disaster and supply chain disruptions. Transferring the injured people from affected areas to hospitals at the minimum possible time is a crucial goal in times of disaster. This paper develops a two-stage stochastic programming model to transport the injured people from affected areas to hospitals in the incidence of multiple disruptions at transportation links and facilities under uncertainties. Herein, economic, social, and environmental aspects of sustainability are considered, while simultaneous disruptions are managed to minimize the adverse impacts of the disasters. We aim to determine optimal locations to establish transfer points and flows between the relief network nodes with sustainability considerations. Ultimately, a case study in District 12 of Tehran, Iran is conducted to ensure the proposed model’s validity and performance. Various sensitivity analyses are also implemented to ensure the model’s effectiveness. The results indicate that disruptions in facilities and transportation links lead to increased relief time, hence has the most significant negative impact on relief operations.
Optimization of equity allocations of institutional investors: study of Moroccan case
Authors: Bouchekourte Mustapha , El Hami Norelislam
Published: February 2022

Institutional investors normally define the market segments that present more opportunities for profitability based on their commitments, their financial and accounting situations and the regulations that govern the structure of their investments in equities, bonds, real estate and infrastructure. Their investment strategies consist of defining the allocation of their assets after having fixed the proportion to be invested in each segment. We will try through this work to estimate and optimize the parts of assets invested in shares of pension funds, insurance companies and UCITS (Undertakings for Collective Investments in Transferable Securities), according to their degree of integration into the Moroccan economy, weight of their assets in market capitalization and by the heterogeneity that characterizes their investment decisions on the capital market. Panel data are well suited to our analysis in the sense that they allow us to measure the impact of several actions (stimuli), alone or simultaneously, and the synergies (interactions) of data, which are numerous on investors and on market indicators on the financial market. The results obtained illustrate that the weight of equity investments in portfolios under management of institutional investors are impacted by the share of investors' equity portfolio in market capitalization and by the total assets of this category of investors compared to Morocco's GDP (Gross domestic product).
Ultrasound of Small Nerves
Authors: Meng Stefan , Platzgummer Hannes , Loizides Alexander , Chang Ke-Vin , Gruber Hannes
Published: February 2022

Nerve ultrasound has become an integral part of the diagnostic workup of peripheral neuropathies. Especially in the examination of small nerves, ultrasound provides superior image quality by using high frequency transducers. For a selection of small nerves, this article summarizes the local anatomy and common pathologies and offers simple instructions for determining their location with ultrasound including some cases with pathologies. This selection of nerves comprises the great auricular nerve, the supraclavicular nerves, the suprascapular nerve, the medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve, the lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve, the palmar cutaneous branch of the median nerve, the long thoracic nerve, the intercostobrachial nerve, the posterior cutaneous nerve, the infrapatellar branch of the saphenous nerve, the medial calcaneal nerve, and the deep peroneal nerve at the ankle. Following our recommendations, these nerves can be swiftly located and tracked along their course to the site of the pathology.
Der fnb e. V. wird hybrid
Authors: Hünninghaus Sarah , Wiegard-Szramek Ina
Published: February 2022

Laut Wikipedia beziehen sich das Substantiv „Hybrid“ und das Adjektiv „hybrid“ auf etwas Gebündeltes, Gekreuztes oder Vermischtes. Diese griechischstämmigen Begriffe haben ihren Weg u. a. in die englische und deutsche Sprache gefunden. Und auch in die Form unserer Jahrestagung. Zum ersten Mal haben wir am 20.11.2021 sowohl eine Präsenzveranstaltung mit Teilnehmern vor Ort als auch mit Teilnehmern per Zoom von zu Hause veranstaltet. Trotz kleiner technischer Geburtswehen konnten so Kollegen aus Deutschland, der Schweiz und Österreich an den Vorträgen teilnehmen.