bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Acute and chronic immunomodulatory response mechanisms against Toxocara canis larvae infection in mice
Authors: Borchard Jéssica Lopes , Conrad Neida Lucia , Pinto Natália Berne , Moura Micaele Quintana de , Berne Maria Elisabeth Aires , Leite Fábio Pereira Leivas
Published: December 2022

Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate the early and late immunological modulation of an experimental infection of T. canis larvae in mice. Mice were infected with 100 infective larvae and euthanized at different period: 24, 48 hours post infection (HPI), 15- and 30 days post infection (DPI). The humoral response was evaluated by indirect ELISA. Quantitative RT–PCR (qPCR) was used to quantify the mRNA transcription of cytokines IL4, IL10, IL12 and Ym1 in the early and late infection periods. Infection with T. canis was able to generate specific total IgG at 15- and 30- DPI. Analyzing the IgG isotype revealed a significant differentiation for IgG1 compared with IgG2a, IgG2b and IgG3, characterizing a Th-2 response. Evaluating the gene transcription at the early phase of infection, higher transcription levels of IL10, IL4 and Ym1 and a downregulation of IL12 were observed. By the late phase, increased transcription levels of IL4, Ym1 and IL12 were observed, and downregulation of IL-10 transcription was observed. The data obtained suggest that during experimental infection with T. canis, the participation of the IL4, IL10, IL12 cytokines and Ym1 can play an important role in T. canis immunomodulation.
NIZE ISABEL DE MORAES: MEMÓRIAS DE UMA HISTORIADORA DA SENEGÂMBIA
Authors: Farias Juliana Barreto , Lopes Maria Aparecida de Oliveira
Published: December 2022

Resumo Entre os anos de 1960 e 2015, Nize Izabel de Moraes, historiadora paulista, viveu em Dacar (Senegal) e trabalhou como pesquisadora do Institut Fondamental d’Afrique Noire (IFAN), na atual Université Cheikh Anta Diop. Explorando seu arquivo privado e outros registros entre Brasil e Senegal, com destaque para seus diários, correspondências e anotações sobre suas pesquisas e viagens entre África e Europa, o objetivo deste artigo é a análise de sua trajetória acadêmica, bem como o impacto de sua produção para a historiografia da Senegâmbia, área em que se destacou como pesquisadora pioneira. Nesse percurso, pontuamos os silêncios em torno de sua vida e obra, bem como questionamos sua experiência como “intelectual negra” em redes nacionais e internacionais de diálogos, marcadas pelas intercessões de gênero, raça e nacionalidade.
CONSTRUÇÃO E VALIDAÇÃO DE CURSO EAD PARA CAPACITAÇÃO DE CIRURGIÕES-DENTISTAS: TESTE DA LINGUINHA
Authors: Bezerra Mariana Vieira de Melo , Jorge Maria Salete Bessa , Bizerril Davi Oliveira
Published: December 2022

O estudo metodológico de abordagem qualitativa teve os objetivos de desenvolver e validar um curso EaD para capacitação de dentistas. Foi realizada Revisão Integrativa para embasamento teórico na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde e base de dados SciELO, onde resultou em 07 artigos incluídos no estudo. Foram realizadas entrevistas com dentistas da cidade de Barreira-Ce que atuam na Atenção Básica, ao todo foram orientados 04 dentistas. A análise das narrativas foi realizada através do software MaxQDA e análise de Bardin. Após as análises, foi desenvolvido o curso EaD de capacitação composto por 04 módulos, somando 20 horas ao todos e o produto foi validado por sua aparência e conteúdo, onde obteve para IVC: 0,99 e IVA: 97,1%, dados bem sólidos .Pode-se concluir que o presente estudo identificou os pontos falhos da vivência dos dentistas na Atenção Básica para criar e desenvolver um produto tecnológico alcançando boa avaliação de validação. O EaD se apresenta como importante ferramenta para construção de saberes com o poder de transformar o processo de trabalho.
EFFECTS OF THE MICRO FRACTURES ON THE SHALE MECHANICS BASED ON INDENTATION SIMULATION METHOD
Authors: Yang Liu
Published: December 2022

With methods of nanoindentation and dimensional analysis applied, mechanical properties can be determined and evaluated through small debris. In this paper, the results of dimensional analysis and mechanical parameters are presented based on the finite element method and mathematical statistics method. The indentation of shale is simulated to investigate the influence of the fracture within the sample on the mechanical parameter. Five different factors of fracture are researched in this paper. The investigation shows that the development of fracture and pore is correlated with the deviation of points to the theoretical curve based on dimensional analysis, corresponding to the experimental results of shale, i.e., the lager the deviation, the better the fractures within the sample develop. By analyzing the deviation, the difference values, which represent the influence of each factor, rank as follows in a descending manner: depth (0.01555), shape (0.00765), count (0.00757), eccentricity (0.00319 or 0.00238), angle (0.0044). It shows that the depth of the fracture exerts greater influence on rock mechanics than the eccentricity and the size of the fracture (count and shape), and the influence of the angle is minimum. This paper is of great significance for the shale in evaluating the micro-mechanics of shale and assessing fractures through dimensional analysis.
Stability of Partial Differential Equations by Mahgoub Transform Method
Authors: BİÇER Harun
Published: December 2022

The stability theory is an important research area in the qualitative analysis of partial differential equations. The Hyers-Ulam stability for a partial differential equation has a very close exact solution to the approximate solution of the differential equation and the error is very small which can be estimated. This study examines Hyers-Ulam and Hyers-Ulam Rassias stability of second order partial differential equations. We present a new method for research of the Hyers-Ulam stability of partial differential equations with the help of the Mahgoub transform. The Mahgoub transform method is practical as a fundamental tool to demonstrate the original result on this study. Finally, we give an example to illustrate main results. Our findings make a contribution to the topic and complete those in the relevant literature.
Recent Advances in Packaging Technology of Seafood Products
Authors: KILINÇ İrem , KILINÇ Berna
Published: December 2022

Packaging is developing about the development of consumer demands and awareness day by day. Packaging technology is a technology that is constantly evolving. Monitoring seafood products at all stages from the moment they are caught to the moment they are consumed is extremely important for the quality of seafood products and prevention of diseases caused by seafood. Therefore, by using of improved packaging techniques, not only can be prevented the contamination of fishery products with microorganisms, but also the quality and suitability of fishery products for consumption can also be monitored at every stage. In this review, conducted studies regarding advanced packaging materials and products for seafood products have been mentioned and studies on recent advanced packaging applications in fresh and processed fishery products in recent years were compiled.
An Investigation on Argulus foliaceus (Crustacea) Infestation of Fishes in the Kunduzlar Dam Lake
Authors: ÖZTÜRK Mehmet Oğuz
Published: December 2022

In this study, crustacean parasite species, Argulus foliaceus was investigated on the seven fish species (Alburnus escherichii, Barbus plebejus, Capoeta tinca, Carassius gibelio, Chondrostoma nasus, Cyprinus carpio, Squalius cephalus) from the Kunduzlar Dam Lake in Kırka-Eskişehir, Türkiye. The parasite was found on the gills, fins, and skin of all of the host fish species except Chondrostoma nasus. Its prevalence and mean intensity of the parasitic infection value for the infected six fish species are as follows: 3 out of 38 Alburnus escherichii (prevalence 7.9%, mean intensity 4.3±3.1), 9 out of 16 Barbus plebejus (56.2%, 47.9±28.5), 12 out of 47 Capoeta tinca (25.5%, 27.5±18.9), 7 out of 17 Carassius gibelio (41.1%, 6.9±5.3), 4 out of 4 Cyprinus carpio (100%, 4.3±4.2) and 6 out of 14 Squalius cephalus (42.8%, 2.3±1.8). Argulus foliaceus was recorded for A. escherichii among the six host fish species for the first time within the study area from Türkiye. Thus, a new host fish species and a new locality have been added to the geographical infestation zone of the A. foliaceus species from Türkiye, which is located in the southeast region of Eurasia. Parasitological findings were evaluated concerning seasonal, age, and gender groups of the host fishes. In conclusion, A. foliaceus infestation was observed higher in summer due to the increased in water temperature, which is significantly different from winter, spring, and autumn. The infestation of A. foliaceus was more common in larger fish than in smaller fish. Moreover, the similar rates of infestation were recorded between the male and female fish.
ON QUALITY CRITERIA FOR STATE PROJECTS
Authors:   Institute for Macroeconomic Research VAVT of the Ministry of Economic Development of Russia, Marshova Tatiana , Kirichenko Irina ,   Institute for Macroeconomic Research VAVT of the Ministry of Economic Development of Russia
Published: December 2022

The development of strategic planning in Russia using program-targeted budgeting approaches, the adoption of effective managerial decisions in the public sector determines the relevance of the problem of improving the efficiency of projects and programs implemented mainly at the expense of the state budget. The importance of these issues is growing due to the scale of the tasks solved through government programs and national projects, significant amounts of resources allocated for their implementation in the presence of budgetary constraints in the context of global instability and a significant level of uncertainty. An analysis of the domestic regulatory legal, methodological framework governing the development of national projects, international experience in project management, shows that the assessment of the quality of project development is not sufficiently carried out and methodologically supported. At the same time, the success and efficiency of the project is largely determined by the quality of the development plan for its implementation. The article defines general principles and proposes a model for assessing the quality of the development of national and federal projects. Based on the approbation of the proposed tools, shortcomings in the planning of national and federal projects were identified, proposals were made to improve the methodological support for the development of plans for their implementation. It is concluded that the implementation of project quality assessment procedures will improve the planning of state projects, including through increased performance discipline, a more balanced and thoughtful approach of developers to drafting projects. The combination of a formalized state assessment and independent public expertise will ensure a high degree of objectivity in the audit of project plans and will help improve the efficiency and effectiveness of their implementation.
Цифровизация волонтерства пожилых людей в период пандемии: возможности и барьеры в контексте искусственного интеллекта
Authors: Галкин Константин
Published: December 2022

С наступлением пандемии COVID‑19 развитие волонтерства стало сопряжено с использованием цифровых технологий. Для отдельных групп населения, таких как пожилые, цифровизация волонтерства стала не только возможностью для участия в добровольческой деятельности, но и важным фактором включенности в социальную жизнь на основании преодоления социального исключения, связанного с изоляцией, созданной пандемией COVID‑19. В статье на результатах эмпирического исследования, проведенного среди пожилых волонтеров в Санкт-­Петербурге и Республике Карелия, рассматривается потенциал и ограничения цифровых технологий в реализации волонтерских функций пожилых, в том числе в период пандемии. Я прибегаю к рассмотрению роли устройств и платформ, основанных на использовании искусственного интеллекта, и анализирую коммуникации пожилых людей в этом контексте. Основной вывод заключается в том, что такие платформы создают новые типы искусственной социальности и волонтерских солидарностей для пожилых, где сами устройства становятся акторами-­посредниками, структурирующими и изменяющими привычные практики волонтерской деятельности, задающими особенные контексты коммуникации в рамках волонтерских практик. В статье анализируется роль самих устройств-­акторов, трансформирующих повседневность пожилых людей и задающих особенности в развитии подобной повседневности. На основании взаимодействий пожилых людей с подобными устройствами происходит создание и развитие практик онлайн-­волонтерства и расширение подобных практик в период пандемии COVID‑19. Цифровизация волонтерской деятельности пожилых в период коронавируса демонстрирует положительное влияние на преодоление социальной исключенности как для самих волонтеров, так и для подопечных, тех кому адресована помощь. Однако в статье также рассматриваются барьеры и ограничения подобных практик для пожилых людей. К сложностям цифровизации волонтерской деятельности относятся проблемы знания и использования информационных технологий, вопросы инфраструктурного дефицита, связанные с перебоями электроэнергии и проблемами «цифровой усталости».
Китайская система социального кредита: антиутопия или фактор общественного благополучия?
Authors: Науменко Тамара , Секретарева Ксения
Published: December 2022

В статье анализируется китайская система социального кредита – цифровая социотехническая технология, оценивающая надежность людей, компаний, общественных организаций и государственных учреждений в Китае с помощью механизмов поощрений-­наказаний и ставящая перед собой цель стимулирования честного и законопослушного поведения китайских граждан для повышения уровня доверия и качества жизни китайского общества. Рассматривается эволюция систем социального скоринга в Китае в исторической ретроспективе, начиная с архивных систем времен династии Хань, заканчивая ближайшим предшественником социального кредитования – «файлами морали». Описывается проект социального кредита, принятый в 2014 г. и его цели. Показано, что китайское правительство рассматривает систему как инструмент для борьбы с социальными проблемами общества, особенно в таких чрезвычайных ситуациях, как COVID‑19. В статье «система» понимается как категория социальной стратификации, и как фактор усугубления неравенства, поскольку люди, обладающие более высоким уровнем образования и высоким статусом, быстрее адаптируются к инициативам системы социального кредита. К негативным аспектам технологии в том числе относятся недостаточная проработка инструментов, позволяющих обращаться людям с низким рейтингом за помощью, отсутствие правовой защиты персональных данных, а также несоразмерность санкций по отношению к правонарушениям. Делается вывод о том, что данный механизм позволяет государству с помощью позитивного подкрепления через косвенные стимулы манипулировать гражданами с целью их бессознательных действий в пользу установленного социального идеала. Несмотря на негативную оценку китайской системы социального кредита со стороны западных исследователей как нарушающей демократические права граждан, система встречает поддержку большей части населения КНР, которое склонно отказаться от конфиденциальности в пользу общественной безопасности. Отмечено, что причинами популярности систем социального кредитования в Китае наряду с культурными и историческими предпосылками являются цензура и государственная пропаганда.
Автоматизация и искусственный интеллект в трудовых практиках
Authors: Сидорина Татьяна , Глебов Олег , Сидельников Иван
Published: December 2022

В современных условиях кризиса концепции «трудового общества» парадигма труда претерпевает кардинальные изменения. Среди основных факторов происходящих перемен авторы выделяют масштабную автоматизацию труда и внедрение искусственного интеллекта, замещение классического труда нематериальным. В статье сопоставляются различные подходы к эволюции отношения к труду в цифровую эпоху. Заявленный современными социальными теоретиками отказ от традиционных трудовых ценностей и культуры труда противопоставляется возможностям нематериального труда, самосоздания, «нешаблонного мышления» в их поиске новых оснований и смыслов бытия человека. Теоретическим основанием статьи выступает пласт текстов, который принято относить к междисциплинарному направлению гуманитарных и социальных наук – «философия труда». Авторы опираются как на фундаментальные работы классиков концепции трудового общества, так и современных социальных теоретиков, футурологов, исследователей культуры и политического процесса. Отвечая на вопрос о том, что будет делать человек в условиях масштабной замены человеческого труда трудом автоматов и умных машин, авторы обзора приходят к выводу об амбивалентном характере процессов в сфере труда: творческая эволюция культуры и этики труда входят в противостояние с перспективой технологической безработицы и пассивного «ухода» под влиянием искусственного интеллекта и цифровизации. Зарождающийся антропологический тип работника-­представителя «креативного класса» противостоит не только классической модели человека, создающего мир с помощью инструментов (homo faber), но и новому субъекту занятости в сети, т. е. потенциальному агенту платформенного посткапитализма. Особую остроту и востребованность решений в области социальной политики данная проблематика обретает в условиях кризиса капитализма и глобальной эпидемической ситуации, входящих в 2020‑е гг. в состояние конвергенции.
Socio-­Political Environment and Corruption in Nigeria: An Empirical Analysis
Authors: Gbadeyan Олавале Джеймс , Иджабаденийи Оласупо Августин , Оджо Толулопа Фунмилола , Али-Момох Бетти Олувайемиси , Оджо Адесина Стивен
Published: December 2022

No country is an exception when it comes to the issue of corruption, but the severity and structure of this phenomenon differ from one place to another. This research investigated context-­specific relationships between the socio-­political environment and corruption in Nigeria. The independent variable, i. e., socio-­political environment is proxied by the following government effectiveness indices, such as the rule of law, human development, political stability, and political rights. The dependent variable, i. e., corruption is proxied by the corruption perception index. The study covers the period from 1999 to 2019 using Auto-regressive Distributed Lags (ARDL) for the analysis of the data and some diagnostic tests, such as serial correlation, heteroscedasticity test, and normality test, which were carried out to test the findings. The result revealed that only political stability significantly influences corruption in Nigeria, underscoring the importance of uninterrupted democracy since 1999 in corruption perception of the country. Contrarily, the government effectiveness, the rule of law, human development, and the political right indices failed to have a significant impact on corruption perception and control in Nigeria. This implies that, with the current socio-­political environment in Nigeria, corruption cases in the country have been on the rise. Hence, Nigeria’s socio-­political environment is too weak to have any significant effect on corruption control. The study recommends, among other things, that the rule of law should be followed effectively so that corruption can be curtailed in Nigeria.
Неравенство физической активности: распределение дворовых тренажерных и детских площадок в городском пространстве (на примере МО «город Калуга»)
Authors: Казакова Анна
Published: December 2022

Статья рассматривает проблему скрытого неравенства в доступе к физической и спортивной активности, связанного с территориальным распределением объектов малой спортивной инфраструктуры. Размещение спортивных площадок в жилых районах способствует здоровому образу жизни и физической активности, социализации различных возрастных групп; улучшает городскую экологию и социальный микроклимат микрорайонов. Поэтому стандарты городского планирования диктуют их равное распределение для компенсации ограничений физической активности по финансовым, транспортным, медицинским и демографическим причинам. На практике в работе площадок фиксируются нарушения, что можно объяснить спонтанностью их размещения без опоры на потребности жителей. Эмпирической базой исследования послужили адреса всех дворовых тренажеров и детских площадок Калуги и результаты ранее проведенного опроса как основы социально-­демографического портретирования городских микрорайонов. Данные сопоставлялись с данными комплексного обследования условий жизни населения, проведенного Росстатом в 2018 г. Основу анализа составило сравнение парных и парциальных корреляций. Как переменные с наибольшей силой связи с количеством объектов в микрорайонах выделены оценки престижности микрорайонов, высокий уровень жизни трудоспособных жителей и усилия территориальных общин самоуправления в том случае, если их возглавляет председатель в статусе депутата. Это говорит о неэффективности площадок как инструмента сглаживания неравенства горожан в доступе к практикам физической активности. Концентрируясь в престижных микрорайонах с преобладанием экономически успешных жителей, малая спортивная инфраструктура подкрепляет городскую сегрегацию. Данные Росстата показывают, что неудовлетворительное состояние спортивных площадок на придомовых территориях снижает удовлетворенность жилищными условиями пожилых граждан и создает риски для детей и подростков из малообеспеченных семей. Потребностям и запросам жителей «депрессивных» городских микрорайонов и сельских населенных пунктов не уделяется достаточно внимания со стороны муниципальных властей, не готовых компенсировать неравенство в сфере спорта и активной рекреации и повысить привлекательность места проживания за счет благоустроенности придомовой территории.
Финансовая защита как ключевой фактор доступности медицинских услуг: сравнительный анализ России и европейских стран
Authors: Панова Людмила , Панова Анастасия
Published: December 2022

Работа посвящена сравнительному анализу финансовой защиты домохозяйств при использовании медицинских услуг в России и ряде стран, входящих в ЕС. Эмпирическую базу исследования составили индикаторы, определяющие уровень защищенности семей от финансовых нагрузок при использовании услуг, связанных с сохранением здоровья. В их число, согласно концепции финансовой защиты в сфере здравоохранения, входят разные показатели, но здесь изучаются в особенности расходы из собственных средств домохозяйств на медицинское обслуживание: так называемые «разорительные выплаты» и «катастрофические личные платежи», операционализированные в статье. Для определения уровня доступности населению медицинской помощи используется индекс эффективного охвата основных медицинских услуг. Сравнительный анализ финансовой защиты в РФ и странах Евросоюза проведенный на базе перечисленных индикаторов фиксирует следующие результаты. Показатели финансовой защиты в России выглядят при сравнении со странами Европы удовлетворительно – это в особенности касается двух используемых в исследовании показателей, «катастрофических расходов» и «обнищание населения из-за расходов на медицину». Между тем в нашей стране расходы из собственных средств домохозяйств в общем объеме затрат на финансирование здравоохранения за последние два десятилетия неуклонно возрастают. Это сопровождается уменьшением значимости базового пакета медицинской помощи, предоставленного программой государственных гарантий, и все меньше отвечает потребностям российского населения. Гражданам приходиться платить по растущим личным платежам за медицинское обслуживание. В этой связи удовлетворительные показатели по катастрофическим расходам и по индикатору обнищания населения объясняются не столько финансовой защищенностью и государственной поддержкой населения, сколько тем, что большое число домохозяйств не может позволить себе тратить деньги на медицинские услуги. Низкий индекс эффективности охвата услугами здравоохранения подтверждает, что значительное число людей не пользуются медицинской помощью, даже когда она необходима.
The Impact of Ownership Structure on Dividend Pay-out: Evidence from Listed Companies in the Property Sector in Malaysia
Authors: Huey Huey Jasmine Lau , Marsidi Asri
Published: December 2022

This study investigates the relationship between the ownership structure and the dividend payout for listed firms in the property sector in Malaysia. By examining the correlations between different forms of ownership and the proportions of shareholdings held by a variety of ownership categories, this will help to provide a better picture about how the ownership structure of the companies actually affects the dividend decisions of companies.

46 listed companies from the Malaysian property sector are selected as the sample for this study, between the years 2011 and 2016. This study uses the random effect regression model to express the relationship between the ownership structure and the level of dividend payout for the relevant sample. The dependent variable is the dividend payout amount, and the independent variables include ownership concentration, institutional ownership, managerial ownership, and foreign ownership. Meanwhile, the control variables are firm size and firm leverage. Agency theory, signaling theory, Bird-in-the-Hand theory, and clientele effect theory, are used in this study. Our results show that ownership concentration and institutional ownership have a positive and significant relationship with dividend payout in Malaysia. By contrast, managerial ownership and foreign ownership revealed an insignificantrelationship with the dividend payout. This study may be useful to both academics and professionals in the property and investment segments of developed and developing economies, and concludes with recommendations on potential for future legal and regulatory implications of the findings.
DİZEL MOTORLARDA DİMETİL ETER KULLANIMININ HC EMİSYONLARINA OLAN ETKİLERİ ÜZERİNE BİR DERLEME ÇALIŞMASI
Authors: SEZER İsmet
Published: December 2022

Bu çalışma, dizel motorlarda dimetil eter (DME)’in saf veya yakıt katkısı olarak kullanımı üzerine yapılmış çeşitli çalışmaların sonuçlarından yararlanılarak derlenmiştir. Dizel motorlarda zararlı egzoz emisyonlarını azaltmanın birkaç yöntemi vardır. Bunlardan ilki motor tasarımında ve yakıt enjeksiyon sisteminde modifikasyonlar yaparak yanmanın iyileştirilmesidir, ancak bu pahalı ve zaman alıcı bir yöntemdir. İkinci yöntem ise katalitik konvektör ve partikül fitresi gibi donanımlar kullanmaktır, ancak bu donanımlar motor performansını olumsuz yönde etkilerler. Hem egzoz emisyonlarını azaltmak hem de motor performansını artırmak için uygulanan son yöntem çeşitli alternatif yakıtların veya yakıt katkılarının kullanılmasıdır. Dizel motorlardaki en önemli emisyonlar azot oksitler (NOx) ve partikül maddelerdir (PM). Çoğu araştırmacı emisyonları azaltmanın en iyi yolunun doğalgaz, biyogaz, biyodizel gibi alternatif yakıtların veya konvansiyonel ve bu alternatif yakıtlarla birlikte çeşitli yakıt katkılarının kullanılması olduğunu bildirmektedir. Bu nedenle, alternatif yakıtlar ve yakıt katkıları üzerine yapılan çalışmaların sonuçlarının birlikte değerlendirilmesi pratik uygulamalar için oldukça önemlidir. Alternatif yakıtlar arasında oksijen içerikli yakıtlar büyük ilgi çekmektedir. DME içeriğinde oksijen bulunması, setan sayısının yüksek olması ve diğer istenen yakıt özellikleri nedeniyle dizel motorlarda kullanılmaya oldukça elverişlidir. Bu nedenle sunulan derleme çalışması, dimetil eterin dizel motorlarda yakıt veya yakıt katkısı olarak kullanılmasının hidrokarbon (HC) emisyonlarına olan etkilerinin incelenmesine odaklanmıştır.
Tissue perfusion parameter-guided initial resuscitation in adult patients with sepsis or septic shock: A systematic review and network meta-analysis v1
Authors: Kuribara Tomoki
Published: December 2022

Background: Hemodynamic management is crucial in treating patients with sepsis or septic shock. To date, several tissue perfusion parameters have been suggested, however; the optimal parameter is not well defined. Objective: This study aims to examine whether and which tissue perfusion parameter-guided therapy during initial resuscitation in adult patients with sepsis or septic shock improved patients’ outcomes. Design: Systematic review and network meta-analysis. Data sources: We will search the following electronic bibliographic databases: Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) in the Cochrane Library, MEDLINE via PubMed, Web of Science, and Igaku-Chuo-Zasshi. We will also search the World Health Organization International Clinical Trials platforms Search Portal (ICTRP) and ClinicalTrials.gov. for ongoing trials. There will be no language restriction. Analysis: We will have two types of meta-analysis planned. First, direct pairwise meta-analysis will be conducted using random effect models. Second, network comparison meta-analysis will be conducted using a frequentist approach with multivariate random effect meta-analysis.
RNA Extraction and RT-qPCR of Human Lung Organoids v3
Authors: Baumgardt Morris
Published: December 2022

This protocol describes the RNA extraction from human alveolar-like organoids followed by the perfomance of a RT-qPCR to quantify the amount of hostfactors (ACE2, TMPRSS2, and FURIN) of SARS-CoV-2. The protocol contains detailed steps for the lysis of human alveolar-like organoids, as wells as the RNA extraction followed by the reverse transcription into cDNA. In the next section the protocol describes in detail how to quantify the gene expression with the TaqMan gene expression kit to obtain donor dependent Ct values.
Single Cell Isolation of Human Lung Organoids v3
Authors: Baumgardt Morris
Published: December 2022

This protocol describes the single cell isolation of infected human alveolar-like organoids in order to perform single cell RNA sequencing or flow cytometry. The protocol focussed on the detailed preparation of samples to prepare single cells for further processing according to the protocols from 10x Genomics for single cell sequencing. The described steps also include the optional fixation of single cells with methanol. In that case, the protocol describes how to rehydrate single cell after methanol fixation to process them for single cell sequencing.
SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Viral Replication of Human Lung Organoids v3
Authors: Baumgardt Morris
Published: December 2022

This protocol describes the working steps to infect human alveolar-like organoids with SARS-CoV-2 and quantify the viral replication at defined time points post infection via plaque assay and viral E gene quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR).
Interventions promoting physical activity among adolescents in Sub-Saharan Africa: a scoping review protocol v1
Authors: Longchamps Cécile
Published: December 2022

Objective: To describe the existing health promotion interventions that aim to promote physical activity among adolescents in Sub-Saharan Africa and to document their design, evaluation, and the results of their evaluation. Introduction:The World Health Organization estimates that Africa will experience a 27% increase over the next 10 years, that is 28 million additional deaths due to non-communicable diseases. Physical inactivity is one of the main modifiable risk factors for many non-communicable diseases and is considered a global pandemic, including among adolescents. In the African Region, 85% of in-school adolescents aged 11–17 years are insufficiently physically active, above the worldwide average of 81%. Improving adolescents’ physical activity will bring health benefits to them today, into their adulthood and to the next generation. However, implementing and evaluating interventions to promote teenager’s physical activity in Africa is challenging. A better understanding of “which interventions work and how” to improve physical activity among adolescents in the specific African context is needed. Inclusion criteria:Health promotion interventions targeting people aged between 10 and 19 years living in Sub-Saharan Africa and aiming to promote physical activity at a populational level will be included. Methods:The proposed scoping review will be conducted in accordance with the JBI methodology for scoping reviews. All studies designs published in English, French, Spanish and Portuguese, will be considered, without date limitation. The databases to be searched include MEDLINE, CINHAL, Web of science, and African Index Medicus-WHO. Some relevant African journals not referenced in these databases will also be screened as well as other potentially relevant Internet sources.Data will be extracted using a data extraction tool developed by the reviewers based on validated frameworks and tools to describe and evaluate health interventions. Thematic and normative analysis will be performed. Results and perspectives: The results of this scoping review will identify key characteristics of the interventions promoting physical activity among adolescents in Sub-Saharan Africa, their design and evaluation, as well as the available evidence They will allow to identify knowledge gaps and determine priorities to guide further research. They will be shared to scientific community but also to public health practicians and stakeholders thank to a policy brief.
Transformative Metrics. Contributions to the Studies for Monitoring and Evaluating How Science, Technology, and Innovation Can Address Social and Environmental Challenges
Authors:   UdeA, Vélez-Cuartas Gabriel , Romero-Goyeneche Oscar Yandy ,   Utrecht University, Berjawi Ali El Hadi ,   Newcastle University
Published: December 2022

This book provides a fresh and comprehensive understanding of the most significant methodological advances in the study of transformative change through policy decision-making; this latter being commonly influenced by metrics and evaluation processes. In this vein, the book presents methodological approaches to the study of sustainable transitions by suggesting that these metrics and evaluation processes can play a new role. It contends that using these approaches in the implementation of policy programmes, projects, and interventions can offer a further reflexive perspective, which helps transformations to take place and enhance metrics’ transformative potential.
La exposición al ruido y su efecto sobre la frecuencia cardiaca, la presión arterial y los niveles de cortisol: una revisión de tema
Authors: González-Calderón Juan David , Trejos-Zapata Natalia , Cañizarez-Sanguino Silvia Juliana , Diaz-Ruiz Laura Vanesa , Zuluaga-Viscaya John Nicolas
Published: December 2022

Introducción: el ruido ha sido reconocido como un contaminante ambiental asociado al incremento de la frecuencia cardiaca, la presión arterial y los niveles de cortisol.
Objetivo: establecer, mediante una revisión crítica de la literatura, la relación entre la exposición al ruido y la variabilidad de la frecuencia cardiaca, la presión arterial y los niveles de cortisol en personas expuestas al ruido de forma prolongada.
Métodos: se realizó una búsqueda sistemática de la literatura en SCOPUS, PubMed y LILACS, en la cual se usaron términos MeSh y DeCS. La búsqueda arrojó un total de 253 artículos, de los cuales 50 fueron seleccionados para esta revisión.
Resultados: la exposición al ruido genera un aumento en la frecuencia cardiaca, lo cual representa un riesgo de sufrir eventos cardiovasculares. Existe una relación positiva entre la presión arterial y la exposición al ruido. El ruido induce la liberación de hormonas como las catecolaminas y corticoesteroides, los cuales afectan el sistema simpático y parasimpático.
Conclusión: la evidencia indica que existe una relación indirecta y positiva entre una exposición significativa y prolongada al ruido como evento estresor y la variabilidad de la frecuencia cardiaca, el aumento de la presión arterial y los niveles de cortisol.
Translations and Transcreations of Advertising Posts on Twitter and Instagram: Netflix in Spanish
Authors: García-Aguiar Livia-Cristina , García-Jiménez Rocío
Published: December 2022

Us-based Netflix has become one of the most powerful video streaming service around the world. Currently, social media, especially Twitter and Instagram, provide companies and brands like Netflix, a chance to reach their audience directly. This is why the company often uses these media for advertising purposes. This article aims to analyze translation strategies and transcreations used by Netflix in their Twitter and Instagram accounts in Spanish, and to compare both versions to assess some potential differences on the strategies used. To do that, 26 messages posted in both social media throughout the first half of 2018, were taken and descriptively analyzed. The results suggest that the translation strategies used in Spain are different from those used in their Latin profile, which resort more often to transcreation. Also, we noticed that while Twitter is preferred to launch new products, while Instagram is used as a means to establish them among their audience.
The Language of Cryptocurrencies: Frequent Words, Neologisms, Acronyms, and Metaphors
Authors: Casañ Pitarch Ricardo
Published: December 2022

Cryptocurrencies have been the latest technological revolution in the world of finances. Although this revolution has not been completed yet, and as a payment method is still limited, their popularity has vastly increased since 2020 due to speculation about their value. As in any other field, any revolution in economics, technology, education, or society implies another parallel language revolution. This is how the introduction of cryptocurrencies has led to the emergence of some new forms of language. This quantitative case study aims to analyze the characteristics of that crypto language and identify some of the most usual words, acronyms, metaphors, and other popular expressions within this field. To achieve this purpose, a glossary published by the company Bit2Me was used along with the Google search bar, which provided the number of appearances on the net. Results showed that some neologisms had been created, acronyms prevailed over some words and expressions, and the use of animal metaphors was a usual practice. These results contribute to the field of electronic finances by showing that the community of cryptocurrency users have created their own linguistic rules to communicate among them with the use of specific words, as detailed in this paper.
Effect of weaning weight on growth performance, feed efficiency and behavioral characteristics of Holstein-Friesian and Brown Swiss calves
Authors: Koçyiğit Rıdvan , Özdemir Veysel Fatih , Yanar Mete , Aydın Recep , Güler Olcay , Diler Abdulkerim , Aydın Mehmet Akif
Published: December 2022

Background: Farm profitability depends on raising healthy calves, which rests on successful feeding and management programs. Objective: To determine the effects of weaning weight on growth performance, feed efficiency, behavioral traits, as well as feeding cost of Holstein-Friesian and Brown Swiss calves. Methods: Sixty-seven newborn dairy calves were allocated into four weaning-weight groups [60 kg (n=18), 65 kg (n=19), 70 kg (n=18) and 75 kg (n=12)]. Body weights (BW) and measurements were recorded at birth, weaning, and four months of age. An instantaneous sampling method was used to collect behavioral data. Results: Daily weight gain of Brown Swiss calves was higher than Holsteins between weaning and four months of age (p<0.05). During pre-weaning, daily weight gain of calves weaned at 60 kg was lower than the other three groups (p<0.05). Feed efficiency of Holstein-Friesian was higher than Brown Swiss calves in the period between birth and four months of age (p<0.05). Chest depth of calves weaned at 60 kg was (p<0.05) lower compared to the other groups. Water drinking behavior during the pre-weaning period was notably higher in calves weaned at 75 kg (p<0.05). Conclusions: Our results suggest that dairy calves can be weaned at 60 kg of BW without detrimental effects on performance, and their feed cost per kg weight gain is significantly lower compared to higher weaning weights.
Analysis of The Malaysian Construction Industry Professional Employee Turnover Antecedents
Authors:   Faculty of Architecture, Planning and Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia, Mohd Kasmuri Siti Hawa , Ismail Zulhabri ,   Faculty of Architecture, Planning and Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia, Mohd Nordin Rumaizah ,   Faculty of Architecture, Planning and Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia, Hashim Norfashiha ,   Faculty of Architecture, Planning and Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia
Published: December 2022

In construction, the successful completion of a project is accomplished through an of efficient project management. All construction-related disciplines working together are responsible for the completion of the project by the stipulated completion date. However, poor professional employees’ retention is a significant issue in the construction industry. The objective of this paper is to identify the determinants of employee turnover in the Malaysian construction industry with a focus on professional employees. This study employed a doctrinal research approach consisting of a qualitative research design. Two databases were used, in which four cases were obtained from the Labour Court and 19 cases were obtained from the Industrial Court. Data has been analysed through application of the thematic analysis concept. Findings in this study indicate three main themes of employee turnover determinants in construction industry namely organisation, personal and external determinant. Inconsistencies of finding were found in current data as compared to previous studies including training and development, compensation, stress, job satisfaction and external determinants. Since the data focuses on Malaysia court cases, it is recommended that in the future data from other countries to be included. It is also proposed that a diverse range of industries should be analysed in future studies to arrive at an in-depth conclusion. Finally, recommendation for future studies to include more occupational groups for more generalised findings.
Affirmation of Elastic Modulus Derived from Spectral Analysis of Surface Waves Method using Artificial Neural Network
Authors:   Department of Civil Engineering, Kulliyyah of Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia, 53100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Abdul Ghani Nur Aina Farahana , Ismail Norfarah Nadia ,   School of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia, Wan Azahar Wan Nur Aifa ,   Department of Civil Engineering, Kulliyyah of Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia, 53100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Abd Rahman Faridah ,   Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia, 53100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, W. Azman Amelia ,   Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia, 53100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Published: December 2022

Pavement modulus is believed as one of the important features to characterize the pavement condition, specifically the pavement stiffness. The value of pavement modulus may be calculated using the existing Witczak mathematical dynamic pavement modulus prediction formulae. However, the equation developed by Witczak is heavily impacted by temperature while underestimating the impact of other mixing factors thus, only offering an adequate approximation for the circumstances for which they were designed. In this study, the Spectral Analysis of Surface Wave (SASW) test data was used to develop an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) that accurately backcalculates pavement profiles in real-time. The pavement modulus calculated from the equation was validated by using ANN developed in Matlab software to avoid any mistakes during calculation based on the equation. Three parameters, shear wave velocity, depth and thickness from SASW test data were used as inputs and elastic modulus calculated using Witczak pavement modulus equation was used as an output to train the models developed in ANN. Five segments of pavement are presented in this paper where almost compromise that the greater the depth, the lesser the shear wave velocity as well as pavement modulus. Nine neural network models were developed in this study. The network architecture of 4-80-4 is the most optimized network with the highest correlation coefficient of 0.9992, 0.9994, 1.0, 0.9996 for validation, testing, training and all respectively. The created ANN models’ final outputs were reasonable and relatively similar to the real output.
Report on the work of the XXVIII International Ophthalmology congress “White Nights” — 18 Congress of the All-Russian public organization “Association of ophthalmologists”
Authors: Lisochkina Alla B.
Published: December 2022

XXVIII International Ophthalmology Congress White Nights 18 Congress of the All-Russian Public Organization Association of ophthalmologists took place in Saint Petersburg from May 30th through June 3rd, 2022. At the congress, doctors out of 11 countries of countries of near and far abroad. The number of registered participants was 4133. Besides 124 plenary presentations, 34 more were presented at 11 specialized symposia, organized with a support of Congress partners.
Migraine prevalence, migraine incidence and migraine drug prescriptions in primary care in the capital region of Iceland
Authors:   Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Iceland, Ólafsdóttir Sólveig Sara , Elíasson Jón Hersir ,   Neurology Clinic Kristianstad, Sweden, Guðmundsdóttir Anna Margrét ,   Health Care Unit Solvangi, Hafnarfirði, Sigurðsson Emil L ,   Health Care Unit Solvangi, Hafnarfirði, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Development Centre for Primary Healthcare in Iceland., Guðmundsson Lárus S ,   Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Iceland
Published: December 2022

INTRODUCTION: The study aim was to describe migraine incidence over the ten-year periods, 2000-2009 and 2010-2019, in individuals aged 10-79 years in primary healthcare centre (PHCC) Sólvangur and Fjörður, Hafnarfirði. Another aim was to estimate migraine prevalence in primary care clinics in the capital area of Iceland over the period 2010-2019 and describe prescriptions for migraine specific drugs and other drugs used for migraine. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This is a retrospective study based on data from medical records from the primary care clinics of the capital region of Iceland. The cohort consisted of individuals aged 10-79 years who were diagnosed with migraine, G43 according to the ICD-10 classification system. RESULTS: Migraine incidence at age 10-79 years over the ten-year period 2000-2009 at the primary care clinic Sólvangur was estimated 3.4 cases per 1000 person-years, during the period 2010-2019 in both Sólvangur and Fjörður clinics migraine incidence was estimated 2.9 cases per 1000 person-years. Increase was shown between the two periods in prescriptions of triptan drugs, opioids, and beta-blockers, where two-thirds of the migraineurs got prescription over the two periods. Women were three times more likely to be diagnosed with migraine than men, but men were diagnosed at younger age than women. Migraine prevalence at age 10-79 years in PHCCs in the capital area of Iceland was 4.4% over the period 2010-2019. CONCLUSION: Migraine prevalence in the PHCCs of the capital area of Iceland was only one third of migraine prevalence in the population-based cohort pilot study Heilsusaga Íslendinga. Increase in opioid drug prescriptions for individuals diagnosed with migraine is of concern and needs further study.