bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Projetar a vida na Pandemia
Authors: Talytha Cardozo Angelo  , Rafael Magalhães Costa
Published: August 2022

O presente artigo busca compreender de qual maneira o Programa Escola Viva gasta o tempo dos discentes na formação para o Mundo do Trabalho, principalmente os indivíduos cursando o Ensino Médio, considerando a faixa etária da Geração Z, com suas características particulares no que diz respeito a tecnologia e perspectivas de carreira, continuamente, a postura do Governo Estadual do Espírito Santo diante da Pandemia do COVID-19 na Educação, em razão do distanciamento social que ocasionou na suspensão das aulas presenciais no período inicial. Ademais, com aporte teórico no texto constitucional, em documentos normativos nacionais e estaduais expressos em portarias, decretos e resoluções, além da análise da disciplina “Projeto de Vida”, assim como os autores: Foucault (2019), Thompson (1998) e Byung-Chul Han (2017), entre outros. Metodologicamente, optou-se pela pesquisa explicativa, através da abordagem qualitativa e natureza básica, contando com o procedimento de pesquisa bibliográfica no que comunga o levantamento dessas fontes. Por fim, como resultados, é possível contemplar a juventude como um grupo ausente de experiência, de modo que a passagem da escola para o Mundo do Trabalho, na Escola Viva, é amparada nos pilares construídos junto ao Projeto de Vida pela díade da identidade pessoal e percepção do mundo ao redor, esse elemento permite mais do que ocupar o tempo do estudante no Turno Único da instituição de ensino, mas gastá-lo com garantia de retorno da autonomia incentivada de forma imperiosa no currículo.
 
Palavras-chave: Mundo do trabalho; Pandemia; Geração Z; Escola Viva; Projeto de Vida.
 
ABSTRACT
The article understands the search for how the Escola Viva o Tempo dos Estudantes Program in the present training for the World of Work, especially the private high school students, considering the Generation Z range, with its characteristics with regard to age Technology and career prospects, continuous, the stance of the State Government of Espírito Santo of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Education, due to the social distance that caused the suspension of face-to-face classes in the period. As well as the authors: Fouca Thompson (2019) and Byung: Fouca Thompson (2019) and Byung: Fouca Thompson (2019) and Byung: Fouca Thompson (2019) -Chul Han (2017), among others. Methodologically, an explanatory research was chosen, as well as through qualitative and basic research, counting on the bibliographic research procedure in which the survey of these sources shares. Finally, as a result, it is possible to contemplate youth as a group lacking experience, so that the transition from school to the World of Work, at Escola Viva, is supported by the pillars built with the Life Project by the dyad of personal identity. and the perception of the world around teaching, this element allows the student institution to occupy more time in the curriculum, but to spend it with a guarantee of the return of autonomy that is imperatively encouraged in the curriculum.
Generalized Self-Efficacy Shields on the Negative Effect of Academic Anxiety on Academic Self-Efficacy During COVID-19 Over Time: A Mixed-Method Study
Authors: Green Zane Asher
Published: August 2022

This two-wave longitudinal study demonstrates the important role of generalized self-efficacy in enhancing online education for Pakistan’s university students during COVID-19. Four hundred and two students participated in the study at both Time 1 and Time 2. Generalized self-efficacy and academic anxiety based on online classes was assessed at Time 1, whereas academic self-efficacy at Time 2. Results indicated that moderate and high levels of generalized self-efficacy shield the negative effects of higher levels of academic anxiety on academic self-efficacy over time. Results suggest that generalized self-efficacy—as a positive resistance resource factor—may gradually coalesce into academic self-efficacy (domain-specific self-efficacy), which at first may be underdeveloped in students in the face of academic anxiety emanating from their online classes during COVID-19 (the novel challenging situation). Further, students’ coded responses revealed ten major sources of academic anxiety emanating from their online classes including internet connectivity issues, increased academic demands, lack of active engagement in online classes, inability to understand difficult topics, and ambiguous internal assessment criteria. Findings suggest implementing interventions for students focusing on instilling internal resources embodied in generalized self-efficacy, conducting active and engaging online classes based on emotionalized learning experiences, and increasing the overall efficacy of teaching and learning during the pandemic through the implementation of a meaningful blended learning approach—based on an online learning mode and an offline personal and collaborative learning mode.
Entrepreneurship Post-C19: Gender and Fnancing Abroad
Authors: Shah Pratiti , Gonzalez Laura
Published: August 2022

Purpose. This study follows the trajectory in the United States and India of 35 entrepreneurs with similar backgrounds in India.  It controls for irrelevant-to-this-study factors that impact financing and entrepreneurial paths, and sheds light into the at-times contradictory gender findings in the literature.

Design/methodology/approach. The study is based on interviews with upper-middle class entrepreneurs from business-oriented Mumbai-Maharashtra, India.  Out of the 35 highly educated entrepreneurs, one third are women, 21 have educational experience in the U.S. and 16 live in the U.S.  This controlled setting is particularly fitting to examine gender effects and offer suggestions for the digitally led C-19 recovery.  Indian immigrants have founded about a third of U.S. startups, besides more engineering and technology firms than immigrants born in the next nine immigrant-founder countries combined.

Findings. Both in India and U.S., and despite similar backgrounds, education, no dependents, and similar or more advantageous immigration status in U.S., women entrepreneurs start their businesses later, lack collateral and equity partners, and borrow less. 

Practical implications. The findings highlight the potential for debt and equity crowdfunding as well as other fintech services to enhance opportunities for women entrepreneurs. 

Originality. This is the first study of gender and financing entrepreneurship in an intercontinental controlled environment.  The setting enables an enhanced focus on gender and financing, a priority for academics, practitioners, and policy makers.
ON SOME CLASSIFICATIONS OF TERMINOLOGICAL VARIABILITY
Authors:   INSTITUTE FOR BULGARIAN LANGUAGE, BULGARIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, SIMEONOVA KRISTIYANA
Published: August 2022

This article addresses some attempts at classifyng terminological variability. Terminological variability is a rather interesting and complicated phenomenon characterised by versatile and multifaceted manifestations that may be studied from a variety of perspectives. The question of the classification of terminological variability is becoming increasingly relevant in contemporary terminology. This is due to the fact that continuous advances in various scientific fields, the discovery of new realia and the acquisition of new knowledge lead to the emergence of new terminological units that reflect the acquired knowledge at the linguistic level. Each new term denoting a new concept seeks, colloquially speaking, to “settle” itself in a pre-existing classification. The article dis-cusses several classifications defined on the basis of different approaches and criteria. Keywords: terms; terminology; terminological variability; classifications
THE SPELLING OF ONE-WORD COMPOUNDS FORMED BY POST- OR ANTI- AND A SECOND COMPONENT BEGINNING WITH A CAPITAL LETTER
Authors:   INSTITUTE FOR BULGARIAN LANGUAGE, BULGARIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, KUNEVA ILIYANA
Published: August 2022

The paper addresses spelling issues concerning one-word compounds with a second component that begins with a capital letter. The author discusses the possibilities for hyphenating or writing the two components as separate words following from the spelling principles applicable to this case.
Types of transport documents to be studied in cases of accidents involving fixed-route vehicles
Authors: Дронова О.Б. , Тарасова В.И.
Published: August 2022

В статье рассмотрено доказательственное значение транспортных документов, необходимых в процессе эксплуатации маршрутных транспортных средств (автобусов и маршрутных такси). Выделены их особенности применительно к процессу расследования дорожно-транспортных преступлений с участием данного вида транспорта. Авторами статьи перечислены основные положения законодательства, которыми должны руководствоваться юридические лица и индивидуальные предприниматели, осуществляющие деятельность, связанную с оказанием услуг по перевозке пассажиров. Представлена авторская классификация транспортных документов, раскрываются особенности доказательственного значения содержащихся в них сведений.

The scientific article considers the evidentiary value of transport documents required during the operation of fixed-route vehicles (buses and fixed-route taxis, which are the most emergency-dangerous type of public transport). Their features are highlighted in relation to the process of investigating traffic crimes involving this type of transport. The authors list the main provisions of the legislation that should guide legal entities and individual entrepreneurs engaged in activities related to the provision of passenger transportation services. The author's classification of transport documents is presented, the features of the evidentiary value of the information contained in them are revealed.
Climate Vulnerability Index of the Coastal Subdistricts of Badin, Sindh, Pakistan
Authors:   Institute of Environmental Studies, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan, Fatima Noor , Alamgir Aamir ,   Institute of Environmental Studies, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan, Khan Moazzam Ali ,   Institute of Environmental Studies, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan, Owais Muhammad ,   Institute of Business Administration, Karachi, Pakistan
Published: August 2022

The frequent occurrence of climate related events and changes in average temperature, are predicted to increase the vulnerability of the coastal population of Sindh. A climate vulnerability index (CVI) was established and applied to the coastal subdistricts of Badin, Sindh, Pakistan. This study aimed to recognize the vulnerabilities of the coastal population of Sindh exposed to climate change. According to the study, the subdistricts of Badin have been exposed to high temperatures and significant climatic tragedies during the last two decades. The highest vulnerability to climate variability was found in Tando Bago (0.72) and Badin (0.70). Matli is better off in adaptive capacity through socio-demographic (0.29). The vulnerability to resource dependency and knowledge and skill was low in the sub-district of Talhar. In terms of sensitivity, Tando Bago is the most sensitive subdistrict in terms of health (0.55) and resource variability (0.80). The study raises concerns related to coastal communities and their aptitude to address present and upcoming challenges connected with climate change and increased insecurity. The CVI calculated (0.59) can be utilized to improve adaptive capacity, minimize sensitivity, and mitigate exposure to climatic extremes in adaptation planning.
Prediction of Petrophysical Properties Through Comparative Post-Stack Inversion Techniques Using Advance Neural Networking
Authors:   Department of Earth Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan, Rathore Pal Washa S. , Hussain Matloob ,   Department of Earth Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan, Malik Muhammad B. ,   Department of Earth Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan, Afgan Sher ,   Institute of Geology, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
Published: August 2022

The sophisticated seismic inversion methodology develops the relationship between the interpreted seismic data and the elastic properties to discerning the desired facies in the reservoir characterization. The study is focused on the C-interval sand of the Lower Goru Formation by utilizing Post-stack Time Migration (PSTM) 3D seismic and borehole logs of six wells. The challenges in the facies discrimination arise due to various complexities, i.e., lithological variability and acquisition sensitivity of recording tools. Various quantitative interpretation techniques such as Band limited inversion, Model-Based inversion, and stochastic inversion are developed to handle the limitations effectively and precisely access the producing facies. A comparative analysis is performed for the heterogeneous sands by employing these QI techniques and evaluating their effectiveness. The inverted seismic attributes are further utilized in the petrophysical properties estimation through Probabilistic Neural Networking (PNN) algorithm to distinguish litho-facies by developing a petro-elastic relationship. Probabilistic Neural Networking works best for the heterogeneous reservoir’s petrophysical properties estimation, especially sand reservoirs with shales intercalation. The concluding results declare the efficiency of all applied techniques for potential sand zones, especially the stochastic inversion. The petrophysical properties volume of clay and effective porosity, estimated from the stochastic inversion attribute, matched with the results of the blind well, resolute precisely the reservoir potential, and delineated the depositional environment of the three segregated sand bodies.
COVID-19 Awareness through Visual Communication: A Comparative Analysis on the Facebook Pages of NGOs and Media in Bangladesh
Authors: Biswas Arnab , Ahsan Ali , Hasan Mahmudul
Published: August 2022

This study aims to present a comparative analysis on the nature and characteristics of visual awareness messages disseminated through Facebook pages of NGOs and media at the very beginning of the COVID-19 outbreak in Bangladesh. A total number of 242 video and 116 image contents have been collected from three media and three non-governmental organizations and examined through their total received views and reactions. The findings show that the contents of media received more views and reactions than the contents of non-governmental organizations (NGO), whereas the NGO’s contents were more diverse than media contents. Among the awareness-building contents explainer video, infographic video and image, and videos with the presence of celebrity received higher views and reactions than others.
Religious Intolerance: Way to Eliminate Religious Extremism in The Light of Islam and Gandhian Approach
Authors: Hussain Syed Fahad
Published: August 2022

India is the largest democracy globally; however, right-wing populism has led to a dramatic  shift in India's political landscape, particularly for religious minorities and Dalits.  Discrimination, abusive slurs, or news of violence against people in this group should not be  tolerated even for a single day. "Hindutva" ideology, or "Hindu nationalism," advocates  violence against Muslims and views them as outsiders and potential threats to the country's  security. That has created a sense of feeling unsafe for Muslims in their own country and an  unending wave of intolerance spread by the progenies of the RSS. In light of the Holy Quran  and Gandhian approach, this paper defines the type of religious intolerance and how it is  spreading and damaging the social fabric of the society and suggests ways to combat religious  intolerance.
Conceptual Framework to Design and Develop Creativity Clay Module to Teach Special Educational Needs (SENs) Students with Learning Disabilities in Primary School
Authors: Govindasamy Parthiban , Abdullah Noraini Binti , Ibrahim Rohaizat Binti , May Yoong Soo
Published: August 2022

This paper presents a conceptual framework for design and develop Creativity Clay Module to teach Special Educational Needs (SENs) students with learning disabilities in Special Education Integration Program (SEIP) in Malaysia primary schools. The Creativity Clay Module will be designed especially for students with learning disabilities based on Torrance Creativity Theory, Constructivism Theory, and Sidek’s Module Development Model. Thus, this paper presenting literature review on Creativity, Clay, Torrance Creativity Theory, Constructivism Theory, Sidek’s Module Development Model, Design and Development Research (DDR), Fuzzy Delphi Method (FDM), and SENs Students with Learning Disabilities. Literature review evidenced SENs students with learning disabilities are poor in creative skills. Therefore, there is a need to develop a specific teaching module for SENs students with learning disabilities to cultivate their creativity skills through teaching and learning. Thus, this study aims to present a conceptual framework to design and develop Creativity Clay Module. This study will employ Modified Design and Development Research (DDR) approach. There are three phases in this approach namely; phase one: need analysis; phase two: design and develop; and phase three: evaluation. After gone through the three phases of DDR, researcher will produce the Creativity Clay Module as end product. This Creativity Clay module is able to nurture creativity skills among SENs students with learning disabilities in primary school.
Impact of Covid-19 Pandemic on Tourists' Behavior and Preferences: A Critical Insight
Authors: Khan Mohd Asif , Khan Shahzar Ali , Khan Verda
Published: August 2022

Purpose: This paper aims to explore the variations in tourists' behavior and preferences due  to the COVID-19 pandemic and highlight the latest tourism and hospitality industry trends. Design/methodology/approach: This paper is based on a review of the allied literature on  tourist preferences, tourist behavior, tourism marketing, tourism management, and a  combination of reports from various organizations.  

Findings: The paper identifies that the COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted the  tourists' behavior and preferences regarding their choice of accommodation, transportation, and destination, which has increased the popularity of domestic tourism, sustainable travel,  free and independent travel, and short-distance trips. COVID-19 has accelerated the trend of  safety and hygiene, virtual reality, cashless payment, contactless services, travel bubbles, and  artificial intelligence and robots. There is a significant possibility that these trends will  continue. 

Practical implications: It is essential to adopt the latest tourism and hospitality trends in  response to tourists' changing behavior and preferences due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Keeping  up with the latest trends in the industry will give the best opportunity to reach the target audience  and ensure that the business delivers the customer experience that consumers want and expect. 

Originality: This paper provides a comprehensive overview of how COVID-19 has impacted  tourists' behavior and preferences. This is the first study to highlight the latest tourism and  hospitality industry trends during and after the pandemic.
Puberty Period among Different Religions, Traditions, and Societies
Authors: Abdulrasol Zainab Abdulameer , Kadim Maha Ahmed , Al-Abbass Hussein Ali Abd , Obaid Ali Fadhil , Hussein Mohammed Abbas
Published: August 2022

Abstract: Puberty is an important stage of human life. Several physiological alterations accompanying the teenage years manifest themselves in often complex and curious means to which females show different reactions. Even though this stage of a female's life is normal, it is often associated with some degree of suffering and embarrassment, it is mainly due to a sense of hesitation. The main event of puberty is the onset of the menstrual cycle; menstruation is a normal physiological process that has been distorted and damaged with negative connotations. Many religions around the world have set expectations for females during their menstrual period. This paper discusses how females during puberty must behave and be seen in many religions. Additionally, it drives debates on how different societies treat and view females during the menstrual period. Adolescent girls must be educated on how to go about the topics surrounding puberty, and the normal physiological changes that happen during the period at school. Societies, families, and teenagers themselves are responsible for working together to create an environment in which accurate info on puberty and related subjects is readily available.
Modelling and Simulation of Fault Current Limiter in Single and Three Phase Line for Compensating Voltage Sag a Review
Authors: Rupesh M. Dhore  , Shibu K. Thomas
Published: August 2022

A high potential fault current levels in power grid is not a new approach, and should eventually exceed, the limitation of short-circuit-current would be existed protection devices. Different to pricey system upgrades of protection devices, Fault Current Limiters (FCL’s) gives an additional cost efficient solutions to forestall recent protection devices and different instrumentality on the system from being broken by excessive fault currents. Evaluation of short circuit faults may usually the origin of voltage sags at a purpose of common coupling point (PCC) during a power network, the extent of the voltage sag is proportional to the short current level, reducing the fault current level at intervals the networks will scale back voltage sags throughout faults and defend sensitive loads that are interfaced to a similar PCC. The planned structure prevents voltage sag and counter balance the phase-angle of the PCC once fault prevalence. As a result, different feeders which are interlinked to the sub-station PCC can have attentive power quality. During this paper a high performance 3-phase fault current electrical model is planned. A Matlab/Simulink model is developed and simulation results are conferred.
Uso da violência sexual contra a mulher como arma de guerra na jurisprudência do Tribunal Penal Internacional
Authors: Lopes Ana Maria D´Ávila , Caldas Beatriz Nogueira
Published: August 2022

Em pleno século XXI, a violência de gênero contra a mulher continua sendo um flagelo da humanidade. Essa situação agrava-se ainda mais durante conflitos armados, nos quais a violência sexual contra a mulher é frequentemente usada como arma de guerra. Nesse contexto, o presente artigo objetiva identificar as contribuições da jurisprudência do Tribunal Penal Internacional (TPI) no combate a essa problemática. Para tal, realizou-se pesquisa bibliográfica na doutrina nacional e comparada, bem como pesquisa documental na jurisprudência e documentos do TPI. Desse modo, verificou-se que a primeira que o TPI condenou alguém por violência sexual foi somente em 2019, no caso Ntaganda, após outros casos nos quais os acusados foram absolvidos por questões técnicas. Essa mudança de posição do TPI pode ser atribuída aos esforços da sua Procuradoria, que se mobilizou para que a perspectiva de gênero fosse incluída nos julgamentos, passando a olhar a dor e o sofrimento das mulheres, vítimas das formas mais cruéis de violência, em lugar da aplicação cega da norma, que ignora as vulnerabilidades humanas produtos de preconceitos historicamente construídos.
TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN PERAWAT TENTANG TRIASE EMERGENCY SEVERITY INDEX (ESI) DI UGD RSUD HADJI BOEJASIN PELAIHARI (The Level of Nurses Knowledge about Triase Emergency Severity Index (ESI) at Emergency Room RSUD Hadji Boejasin Pelaihari)
Authors: Trifianingsih Dyah , Er Unja Ermeisi , Agiarti Agiarti
Published: August 2022

AbstrakPelayanan tindakan di Unit gawat Darurat (UGD) harus diupayakan seoptimal mungkin dan dengan cepat-tepat dneganmenerapkan triase. Emergency Severity Index (ESI) merupakan salah satu instrument triase yang menggunakan 5 leveltingkat prioritas penanganan pasien. Ketidakakuratan triase dapat mengakibatkan hasil klinis yang jelek bagi pasien,memanjangnya waktu pasien untuk mendapatkan perawatan, ketidakefisienan pada penggunaan sumber daya dan fasilitas,dan bahkan meningkatkan angka mortalitas dan morbiditas pasien. Dalam melakukan pemilahan triase, hal yang sangatdiperlukan adalah pengetahuan dan keterampilan perawat untuk mengambil keputusan klinis agar dalam menangani pasien,bisa lebih optimal dan terarah. Pengetahuan menjadi faktor utama dalam mendukung pengambilan keputusan prioritastriase pasien. Selain itu, diperlukan juga pola pikir kritis yang diperoleh dengan bekal pengetahuan, pelatihan sertapengalaman. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan gambaran kemampuan pengetahuan perawat tentang triase ESI.Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan penelitian kuantitatif dengan sampel yang diteliti adalah seluruh perawat di UGDRSUD Hadji Boejasin Pelaihari berjumlah 25 responden, yang diambil dengan tekhnik total sampling. Pengambilan datamenggunakan kuesioner, dan data dianalisis dengan menggunakan distribusi frekuensi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkanmayoritas sebanyak 72% responden memiliki pengetahuan yang baik tentang triase ESI. Terjaminnya pelaksanaan triaseyang optimal berfokus pada keselamatan pasien, diikuti dengan penyebaran informasi, sosialisasi, pelaksanaan seminarataupun pelatihan triase kepada perawat gawat darurat sangatlah diperlukan sebagai bentuk tindak lanjut.Kata kunci: emergency severity indeks (ESI), pengetahuan, triase.
Indicativos da Possibilidade do Exercício de Controle em Atos de Concentração no Âmbito da União Europeia
Authors: Gregol Sofia
Published: August 2022

O artigo analisa a decisão do caso Altice Europe v Comission, T-425/18 sob o enfoque dos indicativos para que seja configurado descumprimento do dever de standstill em operações que resultem em ato de concentração no âmbito da União Europeia. Para tanto, foram ponderados aspectos preliminares acerca dos atos de concentração na União Europeia estabelecidos no Regulamento nº 139/2004 sobre concentração de empresa, bem como explorados os conceitos de gun jumping e da obrigação de standstill de acordo com entendimento doutrinário internacional. O exame do caso em comento aponta que a Comissão Europeia adotará medidas mais abrangentes no que tange aos requisitos necessários para a configuração de gun jumping. Neste sentido, o objetivo que o artigo pretende alcançar é elucidar os aspectos valorados negativamente pela Comissão Europeia em relação a possibilidade do exercício prematuro de controle da empresa-alvo pela compradora.
What, after Speech is Free, Shall We Say?
Authors: Platt Michael
Published: August 2022

The over-specialization of academic disciplines, the decline of core curricula, deference to student sentiment, administrative overreach, and restrictions on speech have erased the university’s role in fostering the great humanistic conversations vital to self-governance.
Russian Foot on the Central African Republic’s Soil: An Example of a Tactical Alliance
Authors: Hayrapetyan Lilit , Kučera Josef
Published: August 2022

The article evaluates cooperation between the Central African Republic and the Russian Federation from the perspective of forming a tactical alliance. The article conceptualises the term tactical alliance and the aims of both partners, and analyses how these aims were fulfilled under the umbrella of the tactical alliance. The authors evaluated four dimensions of this alliance: 1) military and security cooperation, 2) weapons delivery, 3) resources exploitation and 4) international support. The article comes to the conclusion that a tactical alliance was formed by the unofficial cooperation that started between the CAR’s government and private companies backed by Moscow in 2017, while later (in 2019) the cooperation was officially established between the states and their representatives with its peak in December 2020. While the alliance may be seen as rational, the authors expect that this type of opportunistic alliance might not survive after the initial reasons for its formation disappear, especially provided that the partners are asymmetrical and geographically far from each other.
Inférence de réseaux de régulation de gènes à partir de données dynamiques multi-échelles
Authors: BONNAFFOUX Arnaud
Published: August 2022

L’inférence des réseaux de régulation de gènes reste un challenge majeur en biologie des systèmes malgré de nombreux efforts. Aujourd’hui, grâce aux données multi-omiques en cellules uniques, aux modèles dynamiques et stochastiques de la régulation génétique, et à la puissance de calcul disponible, de nouvelles approches telles que WASABI permettront de surmonter toutes les difficultés de ce défi.
Réseaux booléens : formalisme, sémantiques et complexité
Authors: PAULEVÉ Loïc
Published: August 2022

Ce chapitre présente le formalisme des réseaux booléens, leur relation avec d'autres modèles informatiques classiques, et leur adéquation pour la modélisation des systèmes biologiques. Le chapitre détaille la sémantique la plus permissive (MP) qui apporte une abstraction correcte des comportements quantitatifs, et conclut sur des aspects de complexité pour la vérification de propriétés dynamiques d'accessibilité et d'attracteurs.
Logique calculatoire pour la biomédecine et les neurosciences
Authors: DE MARIA Elisabetta , DESPEYROUX Joëlle , FELTY Amy , LIÒ Pietro , OLARTE Carlos , BAHRAMI Abdorrahim
Published: August 2022

Ce chapitre présente l'utilisation d'une logique calculatoire en biologie des systèmes, comme cadre unifié et sûr, adapté à la fois à la modélisation du comportement des systèmes biologiques et à l'expression et à la vérification de leurs propriétés. Ce chapitre offre une introduction à la logique linéaire ainsi qu'à l'utilisation du système Coq dans notre domaine.
Analyses des motifs accessibles dans les modèles Kappa
Authors: FERET Jérôme
Published: August 2022

Ce chapitre propose un langage de réécriture pour modéliser l’évolution d'ensembles d'instances de protéines et de leurs liaisons. Ce niveau de détail permet une représentation compacte grâce à une description locale des interactions et ouvre la voie à diverses abstractions. En particulier, nous utilisons ici cette structure pour calculer des propriétés locales des complexes protéiques.
Sélection de variables dans le modèle linéaire général : application à des approches multiomiques pour étudier la qualité des graines
Authors: LÉVY-LEDUC Céline , PERROT-DOCKÈS Marie , CUEFF Gwendal , RAJJOU Loïc
Published: August 2022

Nous proposons dans ce chapitre une nouvelle méthode de sélection de variables dans le modèle linéaire général tenant compte de la dépendance pouvant exister entre les colonnes de la matrice d’observations afin de l’appliquer à des données “-omiques” qui sont caractérisées par la présence d’une forte structure de dépendance. L’implémentation de la méthode est disponible dans le package R MultiVarSel.
Compression structurée de l’information génétique et étude d’association pangénomique par modèles additifs
Authors: GUINOT Florent , SZAFRANSKI Marie , AMBROISE Christophe
Published: August 2022

Ce chapitre présente un modèle de compression de données adapté aux études d’associations pangénomiques (GWAS pour Genome-Wide association Study). La méthode présentée exploite la structure de déséquilibre de liaison du génome pour améliorer la puissance statistique des tests utilisés dans les études d’associations pangénomiques. Une étude de cas concret sur la spondylarthrite ankylosante illustre l’approche.
Des noyaux pour les omiques
Authors: MARIETTE Jérôme , VIALANEIX Nathalie
Published: August 2022

En biologie des systèmes, de nombreuses méthodes ont été développées pour intégrer les données -omiques et, parmi elles, les noyaux sont une approche couramment utilisée. Dans ce chapitre, nous présentons le cadre général des approches à noyau et leur utilité pour l'analyse de divers types de données biologiques avec un focus particulier sur les approches exploratoires.
Gentrification et marché immobilier : la théorie du rent gap
Authors: BOULAY Guilhem
Published: August 2022

Conçue pour expliquer les processus de rénovation urbaine et de gentrification dans les villes nord-américaines, la théorie du rent gap a été largement diffusée pour analyser les revalorisations immobilières dans de nombreuses villes du monde. Apparemment simple à manier, elle ne va pourtant pas sans ambiguïtés, ce qui plaide pour son utilisation raisonnée et limitée à certains cas.
Phylodynamique
Authors: ALIZON Samuel
Published: August 2022

La phylodynamique est une discipline récente qui utilise l'approche phylogénétique pour comprendre la dynamique des population. Elle enrichit la panoplie de méthodes et outils en épidémiologie permettant de mesurer la vitesse à laquelle les maladies infectieuses se diffusent au sein d'une population, leur distribution spatiale et leur dynamique démographique.
Brève histoire de l’hydrodynamique navale
Authors: BOVIS Alain
Published: August 2022

Ce chapitre propose un bref rappel historique sur la construction des modélisations physiques et mathématiques de l’hydrodynamique, en évoquant la construction des différents concepts qui sous-tendent la mécanique des fluides et qui constituent de nos jours socle de connaissances fondamentales des ingénieurs du domaine naval.
Modélisation des effets d’explosions sous-marines sur structures immergées
Authors: RAKOTOMOLALA Quentin
Published: August 2022

Ce chapitre expose différentes modélisations de la réponse de structures immergées aux effets des explosions sous-marines. De telles approches, permettant de représenter les principaux phénomènes physiques en jeu sur des géométries simples, s’avèrent utiles aux ingénieurs navals afin d’estimer les niveaux de sollicitation dynamique des coques de sous-marins et des équipements qu’ils embarquent, ou de réaliser des études de sensibilité – par exemple en phase de pré-dimensionnement.
La construction d’un portefeuille de projets cohérent : une application de MAUT
Authors: ENJOLRAS Manon , GALVEZ Daniel , CAMARGO Mauricio
Published: August 2022

Ce chapitre aborde la gestion du portefeuille projets d’une entreprise et propose un cas d’application dans le domaine de l’industrie pétrolière. A travers la méthode MAUT, ce chapitre traduit l’importance de la notion d’utilité comme levier pour représenter les préférences d’un décideur et explore l’intérêt de prendre en compte les synergies existantes au sein du référentiel de critères de décision.
Genetic polymorphism of Pit-1 and CSN3 genes in Holstein calves and its associations with calf birth weight
Authors: Fındık Ismail , Özdemir Memis
Published: August 2022

Abstract. The aim of this study was to examine the polymorphic structures of Pit-1 and
CSN3 genes of Holstein calves bred in Gümüşhane province of Türkiye, to
determine the distribution of genotype and allele gene frequencies, as well
as examine the effects of determined polymorphisms on birth weight of
calves. HinfI polymorphisms of Pit-1 and CSN3 genes were identified in DNA
isolated from blood samples of 100 Holstein calves used in the study, using
the PCR-RFLP method. According to the Hardy–Weinberg genetic equilibrium
test, it was observed that the distribution of genotype frequencies of
HinfI polymorphisms of Pit-1 genes in the studied population was in equilibrium,
but not in equilibrium in terms of CSN3 gene location. The AA, AB, and BB
genotype frequencies of the Pit-1 gene in the population were 13.4 %,
40.2 %, and 46.3 %, respectively; the frequency of the A allele was 0.34,
while for B allele it was 0.66. The AA, AB, and BB genotype frequencies of
the CSN3 gene were found to be 24.5 %, 36.7 %, and 38.8 %,
respectively; the frequency of the A allele was 0.43 and the frequency of
the B allele was 0.57. According to the Hardy–Weinberg genetic equilibrium
test, the distribution of genotype frequencies was in equilibrium in the
Pit-1/HinfI polymorphism, but not in the CSN3/HinfI polymorphism. A statistically
significant relationship was not found between the genotypes of both
polymorphic regions and calf birth weight.
Using OCO-2 column CO2 retrievals to rapidly detect and estimate biospheric surface carbon flux anomalies
Authors: Feldman Andrew F. , Zhang Zhen , Yoshida Yasuko , Chatterjee Abhishek , Poulter Benjamin
Published: August 2022

Abstract. The global carbon cycle is experiencing continued perturbations via increases in atmospheric carbon concentrations. Greenhouse gas satellites that are designed to retrieve atmospheric carbon concentrations can help observe seasonal to interannual variations and sources of carbon dioxide. Recent work has shown that these satellites are further applicable beyond their design specifications for directly identifying and quantifying surface emissions at various spatial and temporal scales. For example, simple model translations of atmospheric carbon concentrations to surface carbon exchanges have been used to rapidly estimate surface methane fluxes from satellite observations of methane in the atmosphere. However, less attention has been placed on using satellite column CO2 retrievals to evaluate surface CO2 fluxes from the terrestrial biosphere at shorter timescales without more complex inversion models. Such applications could be useful to monitor, in near-real time, biosphere carbon fluxes during climatic anomalies like drought, heatwaves, and floods, before more complex terrestrial biosphere model outputs become available. Here, we explore the ability of Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 (OCO-2) satellite retrievals of column-averaged dry air CO2 (XCO2) to directly detect and estimate terrestrial biosphere CO2 flux anomalies using a simple mass balance approach. Using a regional model simulation (CarbonTracker reanalysis) as a testbed, we first demonstrate that a previously developed, simple model can rapidly estimate monthly surface CO2 flux anomalies from atmospheric XCO2 estimates in the Western United States. The method is optimal when the chosen study domain is spatially extensive enough to account for atmospheric mixing and has favorable wind conditions with incoming wind contributions primarily from the same region. While errors in individual satellite measurements partially reduce the ability of OCO-2 satellite XCO2 to estimate more frequent, smaller surface CO2 flux anomalies, we find that OCO-2 XCO2 can often detect and estimate larger surface flux anomalies that are due to droughts and heatwaves. OCO-2 is thus useful for near real time monitoring of the monthly ecosystem behavior and health. Any noise reduction in forthcoming greenhouse gas satellites and/or the existence of large surface carbon anomalies will likely enhance the ability to rapidly estimate surface fluxes at shorter timescales scales.
A global climatology of ice nucleating particles at cirrus conditions derived from model simulations with EMAC-MADE3
Authors: Beer Christof Gerhard , Hendricks Johannes , Righi Mattia
Published: August 2022

Abstract. Atmospheric aerosols can act as ice nucleating particles (INPs) and thereby influence the formation and the microphysical properties of cirrus clouds resulting in distinct climate modifications. From laboratory experiments several types of aerosol particles have been identified as effective INPs at cirrus conditions. However, the global atmospheric distribution of INPs in the cirrus regime is still highly uncertain as in situ observations are scarce and limited in space and time. To study the influence of INPs on cirrus clouds and climate on the global scale these particles have been simulated with global chemistry-climate models. Typically, mineral dust and soot particles, which are known to initiate ice nucleation in cirrus clouds, have been considered in these models. In addition, laboratory studies suggest crystalline ammonium sulfate and glassy organic particles as effective INPs in the cirrus regime. However, the representation of these particles in global models is challenging as their phase state, i.e. crystalline or glassy, needs to be simulated. In turn, crystalline ammonium sulfate and glassy organics have only rarely been considered in global model studies and their impact on the global scale is still uncertain. Here, we present and analyse a global climatology of INPs derived from global model simulations performed with the ECHAM/MESSy Atmospheric Chemistry (EMAC) general circulation model including the aerosol microphysics submodel MADE3 (Modal Aerosol Dynamics model for Europe, adapted for global applications, third generation) coupled to a two-moment cloud microphysical scheme and a parametrization for aerosol-induced ice formation in cirrus clouds. This global INP-climatology comprises mineral dust and soot particles, as well as crystalline ammonium sulfate and glassy organics, including a simplified formulation of the particle phase state for the latter. By coupling the different INP-types to the microphysical cirrus cloud scheme, their ice nucleation potential at cirrus conditions is analysed, considering possible competition mechanisms between different INPs. The simulated INP concentrations in the range of about 1 to 100 L−1 agree well with in situ observations and other global model studies. We show that INP concentrations of glassy organics and crystalline ammonium sulfate are strongly related to the ambient conditions which often inhibit the glassy or crystalline phase, respectively. Our model results suggest that glassy organic particles probably have only minor influence, as typical INP concentrations are mostly low in the cirrus regime. On the other hand, crystalline ammonium sulfate often shows large INP concentrations, has the potential to influence ice nucleation in cirrus clouds, and should be taken into account in future model applications.
Influence of vegetation maintenance on flow and mixing: case study comparing full cut with high-coverage conditions
Authors: Kalinowska Monika Barbara , Västilä Kaisa , Nones Michael , Kiczko Adam , Karamuz Emilia , Brandyk Andrzej , Kozioł Adam , Krukowski Marcin
Published: August 2022

Abstract. In temperate climates, agricultural ditches are generally bounded by seasonal vegetation, which affects the hydrodynamics and mixing processes within the channel and acts as a buffer strip to reduce a load of pollutants coming from the surrounding cultivated fields. However, even if the control of such vegetation represents a key strategy to support sediment and nutrient management, the studies that investigated the effect of different vegetation maintenance scenarios or vegetation coverage on the flow and mixing dynamics at the reach scale are very limited. To overcome these limitations and provide additional insights on the involved processes, tracer tests were conducted in a 500 meters long agricultural ditch close to Warsaw in Poland, focusing on two different vegetation scenarios: highly vegetated and fully cut. Additionally, under the highly vegetated scenario, sub-reaches differing in surficial vegetation coverage are analysed separately to understand better the influence of the vegetation conditions on the flow and mixing parameters. Special attention has been paid to the longitudinal dispersion coefficient in complex natural conditions and its dependency on vegetation coverage (V). The vegetation maintenance decreased the travel and residence times of the solute by 3–5 times, moderately increasing the peak concentrations. We found that the dispersion coefficient decreased approximately linearly with the increase of vegetation coverage at V>68 %. Further research is needed at lower vegetation coverage values and different spatial plant distributions. The obtained longitudinal dispersion coefficient values complement the previously published data, which are barely available for small natural streams. The new process understanding supports the design of future investigations with more environmentally sound vegetation maintenance scenarios.
Clostridioides difficile infection: An emerging zoonotic disease
Authors: Pellissery Abraham Joseph , Vinayamohan Poonam Gopika , Venkitanarayanan Kumar
Published: August 2022

Clostridioides difficile is a spore-forming enteric pathogen of public health concern causing a toxin-mediated diarrhea in humans. In several countries, the bacterium has evolved as a hypervirulent, antibiotic-resistant pathogen with concerns for its nosomial and communityassocaited routes for disease transmission. Although the exact routes for community-associated infection have not been substantially elucidated, recent surveillance and genetic diversity analysis of community-borne isolates indicate for the potential spillover of the pathogen amongst the human, animal and environment interfaces. This review article highlights the importance of One Health approach for the control of C. difficile infection.
Epidemiological study of bacterial dermatitis in dogs of Wayanad district
Authors: Nair G. Parvathy , Deepa P. M. , Janus A. , Chintu R. , Vijayakumar K.
Published: August 2022

A survey was undertaken to determine the epidemiology of bacterial dermatitis in dogs presented at the Teaching Veterinary Clinical Complex (TVCC), College of Veterinary and Animal sciences Pookode, from April 2017 to June 2018. Dogs of all age groups, breeds and both sexes with clinical signs of dermatitis were included in the study. Sterile swabs were used to collect samples aseptically from the dogs that showed clinical lesions of canine bacterial dermatitis. Samples were taken for culture and isolation of bacteria was done. There was no statistically significant difference among different age groups, however the highest occurrence was observed among dogs between 1-3 years (39.44 %) and out of 71 animals, 39 (54.93 %t) male dogs were positive for bacterial dermatitis, but no statistically significance among different sexes was observed. Among the various breeds studied, the highest occurrence was noticed in Labrador retrievers (23.94 per cent) when compared to other breeds but no statistically significance difference among different breeds was observed. Identification of bacterial isolates was done based on colony character, Gram’s staining, oxidase test, catalase test, oxidative fermentative test and growth in specific media. A total of 71 bacterial isolates were obtained. Bacterial isolates obtained were Staphylococcus species (84.51 %), Streptococci (7.04%), Micrococci (5.63 %), and Pseudomonas species (2.82 %).
Alkaline phosphatase in seminal plasma of sperm-rich fraction of semen in fertile and subfertile dogs
Authors: Raghavendra A. , Simon Shibu , Jayakumar C. , Harshan Hiron M. , Venugopal Syam K.
Published: August 2022

Twenty dogs presented for breeding soundness evaluation were selected for the presentstudy. Based on previous six month breeding history and semen quality, these animals weregrouped retrospectively into fertile (n=6) and subfertile (n=14) groups. Three semen collectionswere made from each of these dogs, two weeks apart. Semen evaluation parameters like volume,sperm concentration, progressive motility, viability, morphologically normal sperms, total spermoutput and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) level in the sperm-rich fraction were compared betweenthe two groups. The mean values for progressive motility, sperm concentration, total sperm outputand viability were 84.17 ± 1.54 per cent, 418.33 ± 36.64 million/mL, 645.11±98.43 million and84.92 ± 1.56 per cent, respectively, in the fertile group, while the values for these parameters were45.71 ± 3.47 per cent, 112.07 ± 24.36 million/mL, 190.24±32.45 million and 49.54 ± 2.35 percent, respectively in the subfertile group. The values were significantly higher in fertile group whencompared to subfertile group. The mean ALP (IU/L) was recorded as 168121.67 ± 22443.25 and 49605.86 ± 12669.68 IU/L, respectively in fertile and subfertile dogs. On statistical analysis, a highlysignificant difference (p˂0.01) was noticed between the groups. Though the concentration of ALPwas more than 40,000 IU/L (below which is the proposed cut off value for incomplete ejaculation) inall the dogs under the present study, it was significantly higher in fertile dogs, suggesting a possible relation to fertility.