bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nanoscale pore structure and fractal characteristics of lacustrine shale: A case study of the Upper Cretaceous Qingshankou shales, Southern Songliao Basin, China
Authors: Ji Changjun , Liu Tianfu , Chen Yun , Wang Qian , Sun Peng , Sun Lei , He Taohua
Published: October 2024

The Upper Cretaceous Qingshankou Formation’s lacustrine shales in the Songliao Basin are among China’s most promising shale oil reservoirs. To elucidate their pore and fractal characteristics, a comprehensive set of analyses encompassing total organic carbon (TOC), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and low-temperature N2 adsorption (LTNA), Rock-Eval pyrolysis experiments and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (2D-NMR) were conducted. Using the Frenkel-Halsey-Hill (FHH) method, fractal dimensions (D) were calculated, and their relationship with pore metrics and shale compositions were explored. Two distinct fractal dimensions, D1 (0 < P/P0 < 0.5) and D2 (0.5 <P/P0 <1.0), were derived from LTNA isotherms via the FHH approach. D1 values fluctuated between 2.5715 and 2.7551 (mean 2.6564), while D2 spanned from 2.3247 to 2.4209 (mean 2.3653). Notably, D1 consistently surpassed D2, signifying that smaller pores exhibit greater homogeneity compared to their larger counterparts. D1 gradually increases with the increase of clay content. A direct correlation was observed between pore volume (PV), specific surface area (SSA), and D (both D1 and D2), whereas the association between average pore diameter (APD) and D was inverse. Both D1 and D2 escalated with diminishing TOC, 2D-NMR solid organic matter (OM), S1 content and 2D-NMR light oil. Intriguingly, D1 showed a stronger association with key pore and "sweet spot" parameters, highlighting its utility in assessing pore structural complexity and shale oil potential. This study illustrates how fractal theory enhances our understanding of pore structures and the shale oil enrichment process for the lacustrine shale.
Acculturation and depression increase trouble sleeping in Mexican immigrant adults
Authors: Ormiston Cameron K. , Lopez Diana , Montiel Ishino Francisco A. , McNeel Timothy S. , Williams Faustine
Published: October 2024

Knowledge of Mexican immigrant sleep health is limited. We investigated the association between acculturation, depression, and having trouble sleeping among a nationally representative sample of Mexican immigrant adults. We used a logistic regression model on cross-sectional data from the 2005–2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey on 2,670 non-U.S.-born Mexican adults aged ≥18 years old. Living in the U.S. for ≥10 years (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) = 2.18; 95% Confidence Interval (CI) = 1.39–3.41), speaking majority English (AOR = 1.62; 95% CI = 1.00–2.64), and mild (AOR = 2.70; 95% CI = 1.82–4.02), moderate (AOR = 3.96; 95% CI = 2.53–6.19), and moderately severe/severe (AOR = 5.75; 95% CI = 3.08–10.75) depression levels were associated with having trouble sleeping. Non-U.S. citizenship status was associated with lower odds of having trouble sleeping (AOR = 0.62; 95% CI = 0.43–0.88). Greater acculturation and depression are associated with higher odds of having trouble sleeping. We provide new knowledge on how citizenship status may be linked to the sleep health of Mexican immigrant communities.
FinTech regulation and banks’ risk-taking: Evidence from China
Authors: Wu Zhenlun , Li Lisha , Wang Bo , Zhang Xiaomei
Published: October 2024

By utilizing China’s 2016 Implementation Plan for the Specific Rectification of Internet Financial Risks as an exogenous shock, we employ a difference-in-differences identification strategy to investigate the impact of FinTech regulation on banks’ risk-taking. Our findings indicate that FinTech regulation strengthens banks’ deposit franchises and funding liquidity. As reliable and interest-rate-insensitive funding sources, higher deposit franchises weaken banks’ incentives for risk-taking. Further analysis, conducted to control for the potential interference of other policies, confirms the stable incremental effect of FinTech regulation. Moreover, we find that FinTech regulation tends to benefit banks with higher capital buffers and smaller sizes from a triple difference (difference-in-difference-in-difference) analysis. By focusing on the external effects of FinTech regulation, we aim to shed light on how regulatory gaps impact the formal financial system and highlight the importance of effectively regulating emerging financial entities.
Primary care physicians’ perspectives on adults with diabetes and the recommended hepatitis B vaccine: A qualitative study
Authors: Müller Douwné L. , Stuckey Heather , Flores Eileen S. , Wang Li , Godfrey Thomas , Calo William A. , Yingst Jessica
Published: October 2024

Background

People with diabetes are at an increased risk of contracting the hepatitis B virus (HBV). However, hepatitis B (HepB) vaccination rates among adults with diabetes are low. Factors influencing HepB vaccination have not been adequately explored.

Aims

The study aims to identify and understand the barriers adults with diabetes have in receiving the recommended HepB vaccine from the physicians’ perspective.

Methods

This study used semi-structured interviews to ascertain the perspective of 11 primary care physicians (PCPs) in a large academic medical group about HepB vaccination among their patients with Type 1 and 2 diabetes. Thematic analysis yielded descriptions of barriers and strategies that could potentially impact HepB vaccination among adults with diabetes.

Results

Physician responses related to four themes: (1) Conflicting perceptions about HBV risk and the CDC recommendation for adults with diabetes; (2) PCPs don’t perceive HepB vaccination as important as other adult vaccines and prioritize vaccination based on risk exposure; (3) PCPs’ perceived barriers to HepB vaccination among adults with diabetes; and (4) Physician recommended strategies to increase HepB vaccination among adults with diabetes.

Conclusion

Our findings indicate that physicians are generally aware of the existence of the CDC guidelines, but not all physicians recommend the HepB vaccine to adults with diabetes. This is because of a wide variation in treatment concerning glucose monitoring or insulin injection due to varying opinions about actual risk. We also identified barriers adults with diabetes have in receiving the HepB vaccine and strategies to increase HepB vaccination.
Monocyte-regulated interleukin 12 production drives clearance of Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Peignier Adeline , Kim Jisun , Lemenze Alexander , Parker Dane
Published: October 2024

Staphylococcus aureus is a versatile bacterium responsible for conditions ranging from mild skin and soft-tissue infections to serious disorders such as pneumonia and sepsis. Monocytes play a role in protection against pathogens by migrating to inflamed tissues and differentiating into macrophages but their specific role in the context of S. aureus pulmonary infection has not been fully elucidated. Using a CCR2-DTR transgenic mouse model we demonstrate that over the course of infection monocyte depletion resulted in worse airway clearance of S. aureus. The bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of CCR2-DTR mice after S. aureus infection displayed significant decreases in interleukin-12 (IL-12), IFN-γ, IP-10, MIG and RANTES, all IFN-γ regulated, compared to wild-type (WT) infected controls. NK cells were identified as the main producers of IFN-γ, but both NK cells and IFN-γ were dispensable for clearance. We demonstrated through cytokine production and RNA-seq analysis that IL-12 and IL-12 regulated genes are strongly induced in monocytes upon S. aureus infection. Administration of IL-12 during infection restored the bacterial burdens in the BALF and lungs of monocyte-depleted CCR2-DTR mice to the levels of WT mice, independent of IFN-γ. In the absence of monocytes, alveolar macrophages are the primary phagocytic cells, and IL-12 influences their capacity to produce reactive oxygen species and clear S. aureus. These results show that production of IL-12 contributes to the control of S. aureus via its influence on alveolar macrophage function.
Exploring brain–computer interface representations in science fiction
Authors: Elshabassy Rania
Published: October 2024

This article aims to contribute to a wider discourse on the implications of technologies on notions of selfhood, identity, social constructs and power dynamics by delving into the literary representation of brain–computer interfaces (BCIs) in selected science fiction (SF) tests. Adopting an interdisciplinary approach that synthesizes phenomenology and identity politics theories, this article explores the intricacies of BCI in two SF texts: The Terminal Man by Michael Crichton and ‘The Truth of Fact, The Truth of Feeling’ by Ted Chiang. The analysis hinges on the multifaceted implications of its integration of concepts of identity and selfhood. Bestowing an agential identity on machine, mind–machine interfaces, as this argument contends, proposes the machine as a figure of defiance in the texts being analysed – challenging traditional notions of identity, consciousness, agency and freedom, and facilitating a shift towards an alternative world-view where human agency is decentred in an Anthropocene era. Embracing Jameson’s view of SF texts as sites of imagination, ‘symbolic acts’ and ‘archaeologies of the future’, the analysis highlights how these texts employ mind–machine interfaces to challenge and subvert a world-view, which grants human beings special rights and a privileged status over other beings and entities.
Editorial
Authors: Kossak Mitchell
Published: October 2024

This editorial addresses the ongoing collective trauma that is affecting us all around the globe, including weather crises, ongoing wars and political strife, and how the arts can help to address the associated individual and global stress, including how the arts have always served to depict, illuminate and heal, helping to bring a sense of order within chaos and overwhelm. The editorial also outlines the contributions of the authors of articles and notes from the field, demonstrating first-hand how the arts are used to inspire, stimulate and motivate us to address the growing collective anxieties and trauma that is occurring in our world.
HLA DQA1*05 and Risk of Antitumor Necrosis Factor Treatment Failure and Anti-Drug Antibody Development in Children With Crohn's Disease
Authors: Adler Jeremy , Galanko Joseph A. , Ammoury Rana , Benkov Keith J. , Bousvaros Athos , Boyle Brendan , Cabrera José M. , Chun Kelly Y. , Dorsey Jill , Ebach Dawn R. , Firestine Ann M. , Gulati Ajay S. , Herfarth Hans H. , Jester Traci W. , Kaplan Jess L. , Leibowitz Ian , Linville Tiffany M. , Margolis Peter A. , Minar Phillip , Molle-Rios Zarela , Moses Jonathan , Olano Kelly , Pashankar Dinesh S. , Pitch Lisa , Saeed Shehzad A. , Samson Charles M. , Sandberg Kelly , Steiner Steven J. , Strople Jennifer A. , Sullivan Jillian S. , Wali Prateek D. , Kappelman Michael D.
Published: October 2024

INTRODUCTION:

Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) DQA1*05 has been associated with the development of anti-drug antibodies (ADA) to tumor necrosis factor antagonists (anti-TNFα) and treatment failure among adults with Crohn's disease (CD). However, findings from other studies have been inconsistent with limited pediatric data.

METHODS:

We analyzed banked serum from patients with CD aged <21 years enrolled in clinical outcomes of Methotrexate Binary Therapy in practice, a multicenter, prospective randomized trial of anti-TNFα monotherapy vs combination with methotrexate. The primary outcome was a composite of factors indicative of treatment failure. The secondary outcome was ADA development.

RESULTS:

A trend toward increased treatment failure among HLA DQA1*05-positive participants was not significant (hazard ratio 1.58, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.95–2.62; P = 0.08). After stratification by HLA DQA1*05 and by methotrexate vs placebo, patients who were HLA DQA1*05 negative and assigned to methotrexate experienced less treatment failures than HLA DQA1*05-positive patients on placebo (hazard ratio 0.31, 95% CI 0.13–0.70; P = 0.005). A trend toward increased ADA development among HLA DQA1*05-positive participants was not significant (odds ratio 1.96, 95% CI 0.90–4.31, P = 0.09). After further stratification, HLA DQA1*05-negative participants assigned to methotrexate were less likely to develop ADA relative to HLA DQA1*05-positive patients on placebo (odds ratio 0.12, 95% CI 0.03–0.55; P = 0.008).

DISCUSSION:

In a randomized trial of children with CD initiating anti-TNFα, 40% were HLA DQ-A1*05 positive, which was associated with a trend toward increased risk of both treatment failure and ADA. These risks were mitigated, but not eliminated, by adding oral methotrexate. HLA DQ-A1*05 is an important biomarker for prognosis and risk stratification.
Improving the Diagnostic Accuracy of RECAM in North American Patients With Suspected Idiosyncratic Drug-Induced Liver Injury
Authors: Ciricillo Jacob , Myer Adam , Yeboah-Korang Amoah , Osman Askanda , Rahim Farrah , Goldfarb David G. , Sharma Yeshika , Louissaint Jeremy , Sherman Kenneth E. , Fontana Robert J.
Published: October 2024

INTRODUCTION:

The Revised Electronic Causality Assessment Method (RECAM) is an updated, electronic version of the Roussel Uclaf Causality Assessment Method (RUCAM) to diagnose drug-induced liver injury (DILI). The primary aim of this study was to compare RECAM vs RUCAM in patients with suspected DILI.

METHODS:

Patient encounters from October 1, 2015, to September 30, 2019, were searched for suspected DILI using ICD-10 K71 codes for toxic liver disease. DILI Network (DILIN) expert opinion scores were assigned to each case (1/2/3 = probable DILI, 4/5 = non-DILI). RECAM and RUCAM scores were compared with DILIN expert opinion scores.

RESULTS:

Among 766,930 encounters searched, 120 unique patients met inclusion criteria with 72 (60%) adjudicated as probable-DILI. The most frequent suspect drugs were antimicrobials (38.3%), antineoplastics (8.3%), and antirheumatic drugs (8.3%). The mean age was 49.2 + 15.6 years, and 50% were female with 45.8% having hepatocellular injury. RUCAM had better agreement with DILIN expert opinion for probable-DILI vs RECAM (66.7% vs 44.4%, P = 0.018). Both had 100% agreement with DILIN expert opinion for non-DILI. Frequently missing laboratory data included hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA (64.3%) and antihepatitis E virus (HEV) immunoglobulin M (IgM) testing (70%), leading to loss of up to 6 points in RECAM scoring but not affecting RUCAM scores. A modified RECAM that made HCV RNA and anti-HEV IgM optional had better agreement with DILIN expert opinion compared with RUCAM (79.2% vs 66.7%, P = 0.09).

DISCUSSION:

Among 120 suspected DILI cases, RUCAM had better agreement with DILIN expert opinion scores vs RECAM. Making HCV RNA and anti-HEV IgM testing optional significantly improved agreement between RECAM and DILIN expert opinion. Future modifications to RECAM are needed to improve causality assessment in North American patients with suspected DILI.
Trying to Read Faulkner
Authors: Spill Frédérique
Published: October 2024

This chapter comments on the difficulty of reading Faulkner’s text and explores why this difficulty contributes to the permanence and durability of Faulkner’s presence in literature and literary studies. The strategy of deferred clarification that characterizes Faulkner’s writing is reflected at all levels of the work: it is present in the idiot’s syntax but also governs the structure of The Sound and the Fury; it is central to the persistent fantasy prompted by the novel; and it determines the evolution of Faulkner’s work.
Große Transformation für eine Nachhaltige Raumentwicklung als Herausforderung für die raumbezogene Hochschullehre
Authors: Wagner Madeleine , Knieling Jörg , Weiland Ulrike
Published: October 2024

Climatic and ecological changes across the globe represent a challenge for humanity that can only be solved through a great transformation, that is, a widespread shift toward sustainable spatial development. This means addressing transformation needs in all systems to recognize that civil society, economies and politics are all predetermined by planetary boundaries. This transformation demands that the fields of applied spatial science and spatial planning identify strategies and solutions. This paper examines the extent to which these topics are already being addressed by the university-level spatial studies programs currently training future planners. It develops and examines criteria for evaluating these programs using guideline-based interviews and literature research to perform detailed analysis of selected programs. The study demonstrates that not only specialist knowledge, but also personal and methodological skills are crucial to the success for far-reaching change processes and, ultimately, a society-wide paradigm shift. In some cases, these skills are already being addressed by individual spatial studies programs, especially planning programs. However, there remains a need to accelerate the cultivation of independent learning skills and collaboration in inter- and transdisciplinary teams. Accordingly, this paper proposes a differentiated view of teaching and learning formats in higher education and encourages deepening the focus of spatial studies programs on sustainability and transformation issues.
Die „fünfte Suburbanisierung“ – Perspektiven suburbaner Raumentwicklung in den 2020er-Jahren
Authors: Siedentop Stefan
Published: October 2024

Germany is currently experiencing a renewed rise of suburbanisation and an associated increase in urban expansion in the peripheries of large cities. How this development—referred to below as the “fifth suburbanisation” in the history of this country—can be characterized in the light of earlier phases of intraregional deconcentration is the topic of this paper. The four historical reference phases are not to be understood as clearly distinguishable and successive developments. Their conceptualization is less temporal than structural-material, socio-spatial, institutional, cultural, economic and political-discursive. The focus is on characteristics of built environments typical of each phase, specific social and economic drivers, dominant housing and planning policies, socio-cultural meanings and values as well as social embedding and negotiation processes. Suburban development of the 2020s will take place in a socio-economically and institutionally changed process field, even though there is still little empirical evidence in this regard. Accordingly, this paper also aims to call for a discussion on new research desiderata and realistic policy designs for suburban spatial development in the 2020s. A historical contextualization of the current development and planning processes is considered essential.
Panel Dinding Pracetak dari Limbah Pukat dan Serabut Kelapa Berlapis Resin Polyester dengan Motif Desain Glow in the Dark
Authors: Solikah Mia Sofiatus , Susanti Riza , Fauziyah Shifa
Published: October 2024

Using concrete blocks, light bricks, red bricks, thick plastering, and action affects the cost budget. This encouraged the author to create wall panels that are ready to install and do not require mortar mix in finishing. Along with this, trawl and coconut fiber waste were the main materials used in making wall panels, and an additional M6 wire mesh iron was used as reinforcement for the construction. The outermost layer was coated with SHCP 2668 clear polyester resin and catalyst combined with phosphorus strontium aluminate powder and metallic pigment coloring. The method used in this research is the experimental method by making four compositional comparisons for each test with three test objects each. The results of this study are the most optimum composition in a mixture of 1.5: 2.75: 1.5, which has a compressive strength of 13.5 N/mm2 and flexural strength of 2.49 N/mm2 by SNI 03-3122-1992, is ductile, reflective, has a sound absorption of 0.290 dB by ISO10534-2 testing: 1998, water absorption (DSA) of 0.91% by SNI 03-0349-1989, fire resistance at a rate of 0.22 mm/second by modified SNI 1741-2008 testing, able to emit light for 2-3 hours from a 20-minute lighting source by JIS Z 9107 and JIS Z 9095 testing, and has a lower price than other wall panels.
“EZZLEBLOCK”: Eco Puzzle Brick Kedap Air Sistem Interlock dengan Substitusi Limbah Plastik
Authors: Kurniawan Fajar , Zuhruf Ashari Alan Victor , Fauziyah Shifa , Susanti Riza
Published: October 2024

In Indonesia, the accumulation of plastic waste must be addressed immediately because the amount will increase over time. In 2022, the total amount of plastic waste produced in Indonesia will reach 9.13 million tons, making Indonesia the country with the 5th most significant amount worldwide. The large amount of plastic waste produced must be dried through proper processing. Because if not, plastic waste will continue to pile up and cause various problems. Meanwhile, the high growth of infrastructure in Indonesia has caused an increase in demand for construction materials, one of which is cement. To meet this demand, the cement manufacturing industry exploits natural resources on a large scale, which will hurt nature. Apart from that, the cement fabrication process also causes problems in the form of waste and produces carbon dioxide gas, which pollutes the air. This research was carried out to make bricks made from plastic and sand with an interlock system to reduce environmental negative impacts. And to find out the effect of ezzleblock composition on brick quality. This research planned to use experimental methods by collecting essential materials car, trying out the production process, and testing them in the laboratory to obtain data. Using plastic waste and sand as materials for making ezzleblocks, it is planned to create a high-quality interlock brick with dimensions of (300x120x150) mm. Its high compressive strength, low air absorption capacity, and sturdy construction demonstrate this.
Pemanfaatan Limbah High Density Polyetylene (HDPE) Geomembrane Sebagai Campuran Beton Normal
Authors: Hendrayana Agus , Susanti Riza , Fauziyah Shifa
Published: October 2024

High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE) is a thermoplastic polymer material processed by the heating process of petroleum. One processed product is geomembrane  sheets, commonly used to construct ponds in geothermal areas. This Final Project researched High-Density Polyethylene geomembrane  waste as an additional material mixed into ordinary or everyday concrete mixtures with fc' = 25 MPa quality. The added waste material from the geomembrane  (HDPE) is 0.5 x 0.5 cm and has been cut or chopped with a particular machine. High-density polyethylene (HDPE) content is included in the mixture in regular concrete with a volume composition of 0.00%, 0.25%, 0.50%, 0.75%, and 1.00%. The method for calculating the composition of the concrete mixture uses the American Concrete Institute (ACI) standard. The results showed that the most optimum value for obtaining the compressive strength of concrete fc' 25 MPa with the highest value of split tensile strength (3.54 MPa) was a mixture with 0.50% chopped geomembrane  (HDPE). Based on these results, waste in geothermal areas is expected to be reduced by using concrete and a mixture of chopped geomembrane  (HDPE).
Unraveling the intriguing potential of protein-rich microbial biostimulants for horticultural crops
Authors: Kiruba Kalimuthu  , Kumutha K  , Sabarinathan K.G  , Vijaya Priya P  , Mini M.L  , Amutha R
Published: October 2024

Nutritional security and minimizing the impact of farming practices on the environment are major challenges in modern farming systems. Currently, the horticulture sector is growing fast and moving towards sustainability and profitability. Indiscriminate and improper use of chemical inputs to ensure high yields of horticultural products could lead to significant contamination of soil and water bodies. Under these circumstances, farmers must optimize their input management to reduce pollution and preserve the economic margin by following sustainable production practices. The use of precision horticulture techniques is more sustainable than conventional to intensive farming methods. Among the various eco-friendly inputs, plant biostimulants are highly effective and can enhance plant growth and production as well as mitigate the adverse effects of abiotic stressors. Protein Hydrolysates (PHs) are a significant class of plant biostimulants based on amino acid and peptide mixtures. Because of their beneficial effects on crop performance, PHs has drawn increased amounts of attention recently. Compared with other biostimulants microbial biostimulants are more prevalent in crop production. A new approach is the formulation of a mixture of plant growth-promoting microorganisms/microbe-derived metabolites and protein hydrolysates as single biostimulants, to nourish the soil, plants and microbes. This review presents a thorough summary of recent research on the postulated modes of action of PHs and microbial biostimulants in horticultural crops. Furthermore, this study highlights the potential of protein hydrolysates and microbial biostimulants and the potential of the protein-rich microbial biostimulants to make horticulture more profitable and to safeguard the environment.
Thirty Years of Change in the UK and in Europe After 1989: A Personal Perspective
Authors: Matheson Ann
Published: October 2024

The political events of 1989 had reverberations throughout Europe and beyond. For research libraries, new horizons for researchers and new forms of co-operation opened up, enabled by technology, assisted by the European Commission and its programmes, and made possible above all through fresh human contacts between East and West in the “new Europe”, with all the optimism and energies they brought. This article deals with the wider context of events in the UK in the period leading up to 1989 and afterwards, and personal reminiscences of this propitious period in history.
A critical analysis of the role of artificial intelligence and machine learning in enhancing nuclear waste management
Authors: Chenniappan Thiagarajan , Devarajan Yuvarajan
Published: October 2024

Controlling and managing nuclear waste is a significant challenge due to the harmful effects of radioactive materials on human health. To address this, long-term storage solutions are essential. Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) are being utilized to make nuclear waste management safer, more effective, and efficient. This paper evaluates various applications of AI and ML in the field of nuclear waste, covering aspects such as predictive maintenance, waste sorting, and classification. AI and ML enhance real-time monitoring of storage conditions and optimize waste handling procedures through advanced data processing capabilities. Implementing cutting-edge solutions is crucial to protect public health and the environment from radioactive waste. The purpose of this evaluation is to examine how AI and ML improve nuclear waste management processes. These technologies can reduce human exposure to harmful materials and increase the safety and efficiency of managing nuclear waste through advanced predictive capabilities. The introduction of AI and ML in nuclear waste management is driving significant changes and innovations, addressing current issues, and establishing new guidelines for future policies.
Study on bending performance of prefabricated glulam-cross laminated timber composite floor
Authors: Du Hao , Chen Gang , Fu Weijie , Hu Xiamin
Published: October 2024

The glulam-cross laminated timber (CLT) composite floor is a type of prefabricated composite floor that integrates glulam beams and CLT slab into a unified structure using shear connectors. To investigate the bending performance of the glulam-CLT composite floor, the bending test was conducted on a full-scale composite floor under static load. The study comprehensively analyzed the failure mechanism, load–deflection behavior, interface slip and strain distribution of the glulam-CLT composite floor. The test results of the composite floor indicated that the failure mode was tensile fracture of the wood beam at the bottom. As the load increased, the deflection deformation of the mid-span beam exceeded that of the edge beam. When the load reached its ultimate limit, the deflection deformation of the mid-span beam increased by 14.4% compared to the edge beam. In the early loading phase, the strain distribution of the composite section satisfied the assumption of a plane section. However, the strain distribution deviated from this assumption with the increased load due to the relative slips between the glulam beam and CLT flange. To calculate the bending performance of the composite floor, the M-shaped section of the glulam-CLT composite floor was simplified as T-section composite beams. The linear-elastic method for determining the flexural rigidity and ultimate bearing capacity of the glulam-CLT composite floors was proved to be accurate and reliable. The findings provided valuable insights into the bending behavior of the CLT flange under load and emphasized the non-uniform stress distribution caused by shear lag effects.
A case study of Eco’s notion of encyclopedia: the (ethno)racial lexicon and its semantic sphere
Authors: Orrù Alice
Published: October 2024

In the wave of Umberto Eco’s oppositional binomial Dictionary-Encyclopedia, the paper aims to apply the rhizomatic system to the practical case of the (ethno)racial lexicon as a broad semantic area of the word race, which previously involved both physical predisposition and cultural habits. Given its critical issues, the dictionarial approach is distinguished into two different stages, intra-dictionarial (properly dictionarial) and inter-dictionarial (resulting from the metaphorical chain of meanings). Originally, race referred to horses (stud and herds) and property (as ownership and essential attribute), which extended metonymically to other senses – general zoological-botanic, human (lineage, offspring) and typological qualitative ones. Comparing its correspondents in Romance and Germanic languages, reference to many different contexts and a continuous misalignment between lexeme and concept emerge. The liquidity within the semantic sphere of race (embracing the three semantic cores racial, ethnic, and typological) can be explained by taking a phenomenological and semiotic perspective. If the ethnic sense (people, nation, etc.) is connected to a socio-cultural Lifeworld in an interplay of identities and differences, the aporia of synonymy emerging from the inter-dictionarial analysis finds its balance in the local encyclopedic approach, which proves to be the real deterrent to Porphyry’s tree through the rhizome, conceived not in its entirety, but in the partiality and contingency of its branches.
Overtourism perception among residents in a rural proximity destination during the COVID-19-pandemic – The writing on the wall for a sustainability transition of tourism?
Authors: Steber Felicitas , Mayer Marius
Published: October 2024

This contribution investigates overtourism perceptions among residents in a rural German destination during the COVID-19 pandemic. Using a qualitative approach, it examines the impact of these perceptions on residents’ quality of life and subjective well-being in the Allgäu. As international travel declined due to pandemic-induced travel restrictions, domestic tourism surged, potentially foreshadowing effects of a net-zero transformation in global tourism on rural proximity destinations. Semi-structured interviews with 12 residents reveal that most respondents perceived tourism levels as excessive, negatively impacting their subjective well-being. Changed spatio-temporal visitor behavior patterns, with tourists venturing into previously less frequented areas, often felt intrusive to locals. This shift in tourism dynamics from urban hotspots to rural destinations challenges the notion that overtourism disappeared during the pandemic. Notably, the contribution introduces subjective well-being as a reliable indicator for overtourism and explores a novel notion of overtourism resulting from the interrelationship between perception, subjective well-being, and attitudes. The findings suggest that increased proximity tourism, while reducing carbon footprints, may lead to perceived overtourism and declining tourism acceptance in substitute destinations. The study underscores the necessity for participatory destination management approaches that balance sustainability goals with resident well-being to facilitate a broader sustainability transition in tourism.
Education without aptitude: mismatched vocational personalities for professional placements
Authors:   COMSATS University Islamabad, Pakistan, Husain Waqar , Faize Fayyaz Ahmed ,   COMSATS University Islamabad, Pakistan
Published: October 2024

Selecting academic fields at university level reflects career interests, which must be aligned with vocational personalities to avoid job dissatisfaction in the future. Since no earlier studies were conducted in Pakistan to investigate the compatibility between vocational personalities and career interests of university students, the current study aims to address this knowledge gap for the first time in the country. The study also highlights the role of aptitude testing before being enrolled in a university. As a quantitative survey, the study administered the O*Net Interest Profiler on 1503 conveniently selected graduating male and female students at different universities in Pakistan, with the analysis of vocational personalities based on Holland’s RIASEC codes. The results show that students of pure sciences, social sciences, architecture, fine arts, and psychology choose academic disciplines in alignment with their vocational personalities. Students of computer sciences, management sciences, electrical engineering, accounting & finance, and mathematics, however, do not select their academic fields in alignment with their vocational personalities. The studied male students were significantly more realistic, enterprising and conventional, whereas the female students were significantly more investigative, artistic and social. The study suggests that stakeholders should provide aptitude testing and career counseling at school and college levels to obtain the best human resources for the country.
The Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Bottom–Up and Top–Down Processing during At-a-Glance Reading
Authors: Flower Nigel , Pylkkänen Liina
Published: October 2024

Like all domains of cognition, language processing is affected by top–down knowledge. Classic evidence for this is missing blatant errors in the signal. In sentence comprehension, one instance is failing to notice word order errors, such as transposed words in the middle of a sentence: “you that read wrong” (Mirault et al., 2018). Our brains seem to fix such errors, since they are incompatible with our grammatical knowledge, but how do our brains do this? Following behavioral work on inner transpositions, we flashed four-word sentences for 300 ms using rapid parallel visual presentation (Snell and Grainger, 2017). We compared magnetoencephalography responses to fully grammatical and reversed sentences (24 human participants: 21 females, 4 males). The left lateral language cortex robustly distinguished grammatical and reversed sentences starting at 213 ms. Thus, the influence of grammatical knowledge begun rapidly after visual word form recognition (Tarkiainen et al., 1999). At the earliest stage of this neural “sentence superiority effect,” inner transpositions patterned between grammatical and reversed sentences, showing evidence that the brain initially “noticed” the error. However, 100 ms later, inner transpositions became indistinguishable from grammatical sentences, suggesting at this point, the brain had “fixed” the error. These results show that after a single glance at a sentence, syntax impacts our neural activity almost as quickly as higher-level object recognition is assumed to take place (Cichy et al., 2014). The earliest stage involves detailed comparisons between the bottom–up input and grammatical knowledge, while shortly afterward, top–down knowledge can override an error in the stimulus.
Synthesis and sensing characterizations of nanostructured tin-doped Fe2O3 thin films
Authors:   Audiology and speech department, Institute of medical Technology-Baghdad, Middle Technical university, Iraq, Jassem E. K. , Chichan O. A. ,   Department of Physics, College of Education for Pure Sciences, University of Babylon, Iraq, Allawai M. F. ,   Department of medical physics, College of Applied Science, University of Fallujah, Iraq, Hussein K. N. ,   Department of Radiology, Al-Manara College for Medical Science, Iraq, Chiad S. S. ,   Department of Physics, College of Education, Mustansiriyah University, Iraq, Habubi N. F. ,   Department of Radiology and Sonar Techniques, Alnukhba University College, Baghdad 10013, Iraq, Kadhim Y. H. ,   g Department of Optics Techniques, College of Haelth and Medical Techniques, AL-Mustaqbal University, Babylon, Hillah, 51001, Iraq, Jadan M. ,   Department of Physics, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, 31441 Dammam, Saudi Arabia
Published: October 2024

Nanostructured Tin-doped Fe2O3 with a volumetric concentration of (1% and 3 %) Tin were deposited using spray pyrolysis (SPM). The most substantial peak, as determined by X-ray diffraction, corresponds to the (200). The average particle size values from AFM imaging for the deposited films decreased from 81.52 nm to 40.05 nm. The average roughness was observed to drop from 8.26 nm to 45.38 nm. The Root mean square roughness was lowered from 7.48 nm to 4.86 nm. The strain decreases from (27.92 to 23.69) x10-4 . SEM images show morphological changes in Fe2O3 film's big islands after Tin doping. The optical transmittance is outstanding for Undoped Fe2O3 and 3% Sn doping, with 80% and 75 %in the visible zone. It was shown that the absorption coefficient increased as the concentration of Tin was raised. The Fe2O3 bandgap was reduced from 2.80 eV for Fe2O3 to 2.60 eV for Fe2O3: 3 % Sn film. Resistance in Fe2O3 and Tin-doped films rises in NO2 (270 ppm) exposure, indicating an oxidation process. The 3% Tin-doped film shows the highest resistance. Sensitivity declined with increasing Tin content following NO2 exposure.
Reproductive Biology of Two Species Spiny Lobster in Donggala Waters Central Sulawesi
Authors: Nurdin Muh. Saleh , Hasanah Nur , Serdiati Novalina , Putra Aswad Eka
Published: October 2024

Spiny lobster species Panulirus versicolor and P. femoristriga in Donggala waters are reported to experience growth overfishing and recruitment overfishing. If this phenomenon continues, it will gradually reduce the spiny lobster population and result in an overall population decline. Information on reproductive biology is needed in the formulation of management and conservation policies for spiny lobsters in Donggala Waters, Central Sulawesi Province. The purpose of this study was to compare and analyze aspects of reproductive biology such as sex ratio, length-weight relationship, and spiny lobster condition factors. The research was conducted from July to December 2020 in the waters of Kabonga Village, Banawa Subdistrict, and Limboro Village, Central Banawa Subdistrict, Donggala District, Central Sulawesi Province. Reproductive biology data analysis applies several analytical models such as Chi-square, linear regression, Fulton condition factor, and Withney-Mann Test. The results showed no difference in sex ratio (balanced population) with negative allometric growth pattern and Fulton's condition factor in good condition (wellbeing) throughout the study in both P. versicolor and P. femoristriga. Population balance is important to ensure the continuity of recruitment, which is supported by adequate food availability, thus maintaining the stability of the spiny lobster population.
The News from the Battle of Žalgiris. Three Discussions in Vilnius in 19-21 of April 1999
Authors: Dolinskas Vydas
Published: October 2024

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Touched Kleja. Reference for Gudavičius E. Lietuvos istorija nuo seniausių laikų iki 1569 (l tomas). - Vilnius: Lietuvos rašytojų sąjungos leidykla, 1999. - 662 p.
Authors: Manusadžianas Paulius , Manusadžianas Tomas
Published: October 2024

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Rugosidad óptima de un implante para generar la osteointegración y la fijación biológica
Authors: Vega Carlos Alberto , Moruno Favio , Veneri Diego
Published: October 2024

Introducción: El uso de superficies rugosas para la fijación biológica en implantes es una alternativa que se está usando cada vez con más frecuencia. El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la rugosidad óptima de un implante endomedular que permita la osteointegración y la consecuente fijación biológica, mediante la proyección térmica por arco utilizando fémures de conejos como modelo biológico receptor.
Materiales y Métodos: Se implantaron sistemas endomedulares cilíndricos con recubrimiento rugoso de titanio y distinto rango de rugosidad en fémures de seis conejos (unilaterales) para determinar dónde se produce una mayor osteointegración. El proceso de osteointegración se evaluó con radiografías mensuales y estudios de anatomía patológica del fémur del espécimen.
Resultados: No se produjo migración o subsidencia en ninguno de los implantes. Todos los fémures mostraron signos de osteointegración radiográfica. Se demostró la presencia de neoformación ósea establecida alrededor de todos los implantes. Sin embargo, no se pudo realizar un testeo mecánico para evaluar la fuerza de adhesión al hueso.
Conclusión: Las superficies con rugosidades >100 µm proporcionan una respuesta biológica favorable con una unión directa entre la superficie de los implantes y el hueso.
Artroplastia total de cadera en pacientes con displasia congénita de cadera grados II, III y IV de Crowe. Evaluación del manejo acetabular: resultados clínico-funcionales y análisis radiográfico
Authors: Rivera Bacile Valentín , Paz María Luz , Rabello Nicolás , Mishima Ricardo S. , Pioli Ignacio J. , Gómez José Miguel , Iglesias Santiago L. , Allende Bartolomé Luis
Published: October 2024

Introducción: La displasia congénita de cadera (DCC) es una de las principales causas de osteoartritis de cadera, especialmente en pacientes jóvenes. La artroplastia total de cadera (ATC) es un tratamiento eficaz para aliviar el dolor y mejorar la función de estos pacientes. Sin embargo, las deformidades anatómicas y la variabilidad en la presentación de la DCC hacen que estas cirugías sean desafiantes.
Objetivos: Evaluar los resultados clínicos y funcionales de la ATC en pacientes con DCC grados II, III y IV deCrowe, y analizar las técnicas de reconstrucción acetabular utilizadas.
Materiales y Métodos: Estudio retrospectivo en pacientes sometidos a una ATC entre 2008 y 2023. Los pacientes fueron evaluados con el Harris Hip Score y radiografías. Se utilizaron análisis estadísticos para comparar resultados y evaluar la relación entre la edad y la evolución posquirúrgica.
Resultados: La muestra incluyó a 50 pacientes con DCC grados II, III y IV de Crowe. El 78% eran mujeres y la media de la edad era de 47.24 años. El 49,12% tenía DCC grado II de Crowe. La técnica de reconstrucción acetabular más común fue la medialización (58%). No se halló una relación significativa entre la edad y los resultados clínicos. La tasa de complicaciones posquirúrgicas fue similar en ambos grupos etarios.
Conclusiones: Este estudio sugiere que la edad no influye significativamente en los resultados de la ATC en pacientes con DCC grados II, III y IV de Crowe. La elección de la técnica de reconstrucción acetabular debe adaptarse a cada caso.
Інтеркультурна комунікація та конструктивний діалог: шляхи побудови гармонійних відносин у світі різноманітності
Authors: Таран Ганна , Добровольська Вікторія , Кондратюк-Антонова Тетяна
Published: October 2024

Актуальність. Розвиток конструктивного діалогу та інтеркультурної комунікації має велике значення для побудови гармонійних відносин у світі різноманітності, а здатність ефективно спілкуватися та вирішувати конфлікти у міжкультурному контексті є ключовою компетенцією для сучасного світу і вимагає не лише розуміння культурних особливостей інших людей, але й готовності до побудови позитивних відносин.
Метою дослідження є розгляд шляхів побудови гармонійних відносин у світі різноманітності через інтеркультурну комунікацію та конструктивний діалог.
Результати. Проаналізовано роль міжкультурної освіти та співробітництва у формуванні звʼязків й взаєморозуміння між різними культурами. З’ясовано, що побудова гармонійних відносин у світі різноманітності вимагає спільних зусиль для розвитку взаєморозуміння, толерантності та поваги до культурних відмінностей. Наголошено на важливості розвитку навичок міжкультурної комунікації, таких як слухання, емпатія та вміння бачити справжні мотиви та потреби інших осіб, що є визначальним елементом успішної взаємодії між людьми з різних культур. Висвітлено необхідність усвідомлення власних культурних біаз та відкритого ставлення до різноманітності для побудови плідних відносин. Акцентовано увагу на важливості розроблення конкретних стратегій та політик, спрямованих на заохочення взаєморозуміння та взаємодії між культурами. Наведено приклади програм обміну, міжнародних конференцій та культурних заходів як інструментів для зближення різних народів та сприяння діалогу.
Висновки. Врахування індивідуальних та групових особливостей культур у процесі комунікації дозволяє уникнути непорозумінь та конфліктів. Інтеркультурна комунікація та конструктивний діалог є невід’ємними складовими успішної взаємодії в сучасному світі, а посилення цих навичок допомагає формувати більш сприятливе середовище для співпраці, розвитку та мирного співіснування в умовах культурного різноманіття.
Політична міфотворчість у соціальних комунікаціях
Authors: Ороховська Людмила , Кошетар Уляна
Published: October 2024

Актуальність дослідження обумовлена посиленням впливу політичної міфотворчості на свідомість людини та суспільства. Дослідження теми є важливим для розуміння того, як політична міфотворчість впливає на демократичні інституції та процеси та яких заходів можна вжити, щоб мінімізувати негативні наслідки.
Метою статті є дослідження, в умовах прискорення та ускладнення соціально-політичних процесів, ролі міфотворчості як ірраціонального компонента в соціальній комунікації та її впливу на символотворення, цінності, установки, ідентичність та виявлення деструктивних тенденцій політичної свідомості суспільства під впливом політичної міфотворчості.
Результати дослідження. Політичні міфи використовуються владними структурами для легітимізації дій владних структур, зміцнення авторитету та створення необхідних соціальних умов для реалізації політичних програм. Міфи допомагають створити певну картину дійсності, яка сприймається громадянами як об'єктивна і непорушна. Створення та поширення політичних міфів зазнало значних змін завдяки розвитку Інтернету та соціальних мереж. Останні стали майданчиком для політичної комунікації, завдяки чому широко поширюються політичні міфи. Цифрові технології змінюють природу політичної міфотворчості. Політичні міфи можуть мати як позитивні, так і негативні наслідки для демократичних процесів. З одного боку, вони можуть сприяти консолідації суспільства навколо спільних цінностей і цілей. З іншого боку, міфи можуть використовуватися для дезінформації, створення напруги та конфліктів у суспільстві.
Висновки. Становлення політичної нації в межах боротьби України за незалежність потребує виваженого підходу до засад політичного міфотворення, що дасть змогу звільнити національний політичний та культурний простір від псевдоміфів і деструктивних міфологем, допоможе виробити конструктивну міфологічну систему як потужний інструмент ідеологічного та культурного протистояння, повернути Україну до європейського етосу та інтегрувати її у світову цивілізацію майбутнього.