bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Stretching operational life of trickle‐bed filters by liquid‐induced pulse flow
Authors: Iliuta Ion , Larachi Faïçal
Published: May 2005

When dilute liquid suspensions contaminated with fine solids are treated in catalytic trickle‐bed reactors, bed plugging develops and increases the resistance to two‐phase flow until ultimate unit shutdown for bed substitution with pristine catalyst. The release of deposited fines, or the inhibition of fines deposition over some regions of the collector, is expected to alleviate the plugging if liquid flow shock or periodic operation policies are implemented. Current physical models linking gas–liquid phase flow to space–time evolution of fines deposition and release are unable to depict this new type of filtration in trickle beds. This work attempts to fill in this gap by developing a dynamic multiphase flow deep‐bed filtration model. The model incorporates the physical effects of porosity and effective specific surface area changes as a result of fines deposition/release, gas and suspension inertial effects, and coupling effects between the filtration parameters and the interfacial momentum exchange force terms. The release of the fine particles from the collector surface was assumed to be induced by the colloidal forces in the case of Brownian particles or by the hydrodynamic forces in the case of non‐Brownian particles. An important finding of the work was that for noncolloidal fines both induced pulsing and liquid flow shock operations conferred substantial improvements (measured in terms of reduction in specific deposit and pressure drop) in the mitigation of plugging in trickle‐bed reactors. However, because of the highest critical shear stress for fines in the colloidal range, induced pulsing did not substantiate any practically useful effect. © 2005 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2005
Mixed conducting ceramic hollow‐fiber membranes for air separation
Authors: Tan Xiaoyao , Liu Yutie , Li K.
Published: May 2005

Mixed conducting ceramic hollow‐fiber membranes, which possess an asymmetric structure, were prepared by a combined phase inversion and sintering technique where precursors of the hollow fibers were first spun using a polymer solution containing suspended LSCF powders and were then sintered at elevated temperature. By controlling the weight ratio of the LSCF powder to the polymer binder, sintering temperature, and time, the LSCF hollow fibers with gastight properties have been prepared and evaluated using an apparatus developed during the course of this study. Using the gastight LSCF hollow fibers, a membrane module was assembled for air separation. The performances of the module for air separation have been studied under various operating modes and at different temperatures and feed flow rates both experimentally and theoretically. The results reveal that the surface exchange reaction at the downstream side is much more important than that at the upstream side, especially for lower operating temperatures. The porous inner surface of the prepared LSCF hollow‐fiber membranes substantially favors the oxygen permeation when air is fed in the shell side of the membrane module. At high operating temperatures, oxygen permeation can be enhanced by the countercurrent flow operation. Vacuum operation favors the oxygen permeation kinetically in the LSCF hollow‐fiber membrane modules. © 2005 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2005
Shprintzen–Goldberg syndrome: Fourteen new patients and a clinical analysis
Authors: Robinson Peter N. , Neumann Luitgard M. , Demuth Stephanie , Enders Herbert , Jung Ursula , König Rainer , Mitulla Beate , Müller Dietmar , Muschke Petra , Pfeiffer Lutz , Prager Bettina , Somer Mirja , Tinschert Sigrid
Published: May 2005

The Shprintzen–Goldberg syndrome (SGS) is a disorder of unknown cause comprising craniosynostosis, a marfanoid habitus and skeletal, neurological, cardiovascular, and connective‐tissue anomalies. There are no pathognomonic signs of SGS and diagnosis depends on recognition of a characteristic combination of anomalies. Here, we describe 14 persons with SGS and compare their clinical findings with those of 23 previously reported individuals, including two families with more than one affected individual. Our analysis suggests that there is a characteristic facial appearance, with more than two thirds of all individuals having hypertelorism, down‐slanting palpebral fissures, a high‐arched palate, micrognathia, and apparently low‐set and posteriorly rotated ears. Other commonly reported manifestations include hypotonia in at least the neonatal period, developmental delay, and inguinal or umbilical hernia. The degree of reported intellectual impairment ranges from mild to severe. The most common skeletal manifestations in SGS were arachnodactyly, pectus deformity, camptodactyly, scoliosis, and joint hypermobility. None of the skeletal signs alone is specific for SGS. Our study includes 14 mainly German individuals with SGS evaluated over a period of 10 years. Given that only 23 other persons with SGS have been reported to date worldwide, we suggest that SGS may be more common than previously assumed. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Association of migraine‐like headaches with Schimke immuno‐osseous dysplasia
Authors: Kilic Sara Sebnem , Donmez Osman , Sloan Emily A. , Elizondo Leah I. , Huang Cheng , André Jean‐Luc , Bogdanovic Radovan , Cockfield Sandra , Cordeiro Isabel , Deschenes Georges , Fründ Stefan , Kaitila Ilkka , Lama Giuliana , Lamfers Petra , Lücke Thomas , Milford David V. , Najera Lydia , Rodrigo Francisco , Saraiva Jorge M. , Schmidt Beate , Smith Graham C. , Stajic Nastasa , Stein Anja , Taha Doris , Wand Dorothea , Armstrong Dawna , Boerkoel Cornelius F.
Published: May 2005

Schimke immuno‐osseous dysplasia (SIOD) is characterized by spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia, nephropathy, and T‐cell deficiency. SIOD is caused by mutations in the putative chromatin remodeling protein SMARCAL1. We report an 8‐year‐old boy with SIOD and recurrent, severe, refractory migraine‐like headaches. Through a retrospective questionnaire‐based study, we found that refractory and severely disabling migraine‐like headaches occur in nearly half of SIOD patients. We have also found that the vasodilator minoxidil provided symptomatic relief for one patient. We hypothesize that these headaches may arise from an intrinsic vascular, neuroimmune, or neurovascular defect resulting from loss of SMARCAL1 function. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Titelbild: Patterning through Controlled Submolecular Motion: Rotaxane‐Based Switches and Logic Gates that Function in Solution and Polymer Films (Angew. Chem. 20/2005)
Authors: Leigh David A. , Morales M. Ángeles F. , Pérez Emilio M. , Wong Jenny K. Y. , Saiz Carlos G. , Slawin Alexandra M. Z. , Carmichael Adrian J. , Haddleton David M. , Brouwer A. Manfred , Buma Wybren Jan , Wurpel George W. H. , León Salvador , Zerbetto Francesco
Published: May 2005

Als molekulare Shuttles werden Rotaxane bezeichnet, bei denen ein Schlüsselelement der Tertiärstruktur, die relativen Positionen der Komponenten, als Antwort auf eine externe Eingabe, z. B. ein Lösungsmittel, geändert wird. Das Titelbild zeigt eine solche Anordnung sowie Fluoreszenzmuster, die durch Stimulus‐induzierte submolekulare Bewegung in Polymerfilmen erzeugt wurden. Mehr darüber erfahren Sie in der Zuschrift von D. A. Leigh et al. auf S. 3122 ff. (Das Bild des Space‐Shuttle‐Starts wurde aus dem PC‐Spiel SimCity 4: Rush Hour entnommen.)
High rate treatment of terephthalic acid production wastewater in a two‐stage anaerobic bioreactor
Authors: Kleerebezem Robbert , Beckers Judith , Hulshoff Pol Look W. , Lettinga Gatze
Published: May 2005

The feasibility was studied of anaerobic treatment of wastewater generated during purified terephthalic acid (PTA) production in two‐stage upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor system. The artificial influent of the system contained the main organic substrates of PTA‐wastewater: acetate, benzoate, and terephthalate. Three parallel operated reactors were used for the second stage, and seeded with a suspended terephthalate degrading culture, with and without additional methanogenic granular sludge (two different types). The first stage UASB‐reactor was seeded with methanogenic granular sludge. Reactors were operated at 37°C and pH 7. During the first 300 days of operation a clear distinction between the biomass grown in both reactor stages was obtained. In the first stage, acetate and benzoate were degraded at a volumetric loading rate of 40 g‐COD/L · day at a COD‐removal efficiency of 95% within the first 25 days of operation. No degradation of terephthalate was obtained in the first stage during the first 300 days of operation despite operation of the reactor at a decreased volumetric loading rate with acetate and benzoate of 9 g‐COD/L · day from day 150. Batch incubation of biomass from the reactor with terephthalate showed that the lag‐phase prior to terephthalate degradation remained largely unchanged, indicating that no net growth of terephthalate degrading biomass occurred in the first stage reactor. From day 300, however, terephthalate degradation was observed in the first stage, and the biomass in this reactor could successfully be enriched with terephthalate degrading biomass, resulting in terephthalate removal capacities of 15 g‐COD/L · day. Even though no single reason could be identified why (suddenly) terephthalate degradation was obtained after such a long period of operation, it is suggested that the solid retention time as well the prevailing reactor concentrations acetate and benzoate may have played an important role. From day 1 of operation, terephthalate was degraded in the second stage. In presence of methanogenic granular biomass, high terephthalate removal capacities were obtained in these reactors (15 g‐COD/L · day) after approximately 125 days of operation. From the results obtained it is concluded that terephthalate degradation is the bottleneck during anaerobic treatment of PTA‐wastewater. Pre‐removal of acetate and benzoate in staged bioreactor reduces the lag‐phase prior to terephthalate degradation in latter stages, and enables high rate treatment of PTA‐wastewater. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Electron Structure of the K3Bi2 Metallic Phase
Authors: Alemany Pere , Llunell Miquel , Canadell Enric
Published: May 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Au42: An Alternative Icosahedral Golden Fullerene Cage
Authors: Gao Yi , Zeng Xiao Cheng
Published: May 2005

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High‐Pressure Investigation of Sr3PbNiO6.
Authors: zur Loye H.‐C. , Smith M. D. , Lee Y. , Vogt T.
Published: May 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis, Phase Transition and Thermal Expansion Studies on M2MgWO6 (M: Ba2+ and Sr2+) Double Perovskites.
Authors: Patwe S. J. , Achary S. N. , Mathews M. D. , Tyagi A. K.
Published: May 2005

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Syntheses, Band Structures and Optical Properties of Zn3B2O6 and KZn4B3O9.
Authors: Chen D.‐G. , Cheng W.‐D. , Wu D.‐S. , Zhang H. , Zhang Y.‐C. , Gong Y.‐J. , Kan Z.‐G.
Published: May 2005

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Electronic Structure and Thermoelectric Properties of the Thioantimonate FePb4Sb6S14.
Authors: Derakhshan Shahab , Assoud Abdeljalil , Soheilnia Navid , Kleinke Holger
Published: May 2005

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Thermal and Electrical Properties of Perovskite‐Type Strontium Molybdate.
Authors: Maekawa Takuji , Kurosaki Ken , Muta Hiroaki , Uno Masayoshi , Yamanaka Shinsuke
Published: May 2005

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Tin/Platinum Bimetallic Nanotube Array and Its Electrocatalytic Activity for Methanol Oxidation.
Authors: Guo Yu‐Guo , Hu Jin‐Song , Zhang Hui‐Min , Liang Han‐Pu , Wan Li‐Jun , Bai Chun‐Li
Published: May 2005

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XeF2 as a Ligand in a Coordination Compound with the BF4‐ Anion.
Authors: Tavcar Gasper , Zemva Boris
Published: May 2005

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AlN Nanocrystal by New Chemical Routes.
Authors: Sardar Kripasindhu , Rao C. N. R.
Published: May 2005

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[Pb5{Mo(CO)3}2]4‐: A Complex Containing a Planar Pb5 Unit.
Authors: Yong Li , Hoffmann Stephan D. , Faessler Thomas F. , Riedel Sebastian , Kaupp Martin
Published: May 2005

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Zinc‐Mediated Stereoselective Barbier Allylation of N‐Carbethoxy‐α‐Amino Ketones in Aqueous Solution.
Authors: Resende Gabriel O. , Aguiar Lucia C. S. , Antunes O. A. C.
Published: May 2005

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Chiral Ferrocenyl Diphosphines for Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation of Acetophenone.
Authors: Cabou Jerome , Brocard Jacques , Pelinski Lydie
Published: May 2005

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A Practical Variation on the Leuckart Reaction.
Authors: Tournier Lucie , Zard Samir Z.
Published: May 2005

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Synthetic Studies Using Unsaturated and Active Phosphonium Salts. A Convenient Preparation of Furano‐ and Pyrano[2,3‐c]pyridazines and Substituted Quinolines.
Authors: Abdou Wafaa M. , Ganoub Neven A. , Fahmy Amin F. , Shaddy Abeer M.
Published: May 2005

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1‐Methyl‐3‐butylimidazolium Decatungstate in Ionic Liquid: An Efficient Catalyst for the Oxidation of Alcohols.
Authors: Chhikara Bhupender S. , Tehlan Sarita , Kumar Anil
Published: May 2005

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Selective Organocatalytic Oxygenation of Hydrocarbons by Dioxygen Using Anthraquinones and N‐Hydroxyphthalimide.
Authors: Yang Guanyu , Zhang Qiaohong , Miao Hong , Tong Xinli , Xu Jie
Published: May 2005

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Clean Osmium‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Dihydroxylation of Olefins in Ionic Liquids and Supercritical CO2 Product Recovery.
Authors: Branco Luis C. , Serbanovic Ana , Nunes da Ponte Manuel , Afonso Carlos A. M.
Published: May 2005

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Zr(Ot‐Bu)4‐Catalyzed Tishchenko Reduction of β‐Hydroxy Ketones.
Authors: Schneider Christoph , Klapa Katharina , Hansch Markus
Published: May 2005

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Selective Reduction of Carbonyl Compounds with B‐Phenoxydiisopinocampheylborane: Comparison of Its Reactivity to the Cyclohexoxy Derivative.
Authors: Cha Jin Soon , Nam Ho Tae , Jang Seung Ho , Kwon Sang Young , Park Seung Jin , Kwon Oh Oun
Published: May 2005

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Practical and Efficient Synthesis of N‐Halo Compounds.
Authors: Zhong Yong‐Li , Zhou Hua , Gauthier Donald R. Jr. , Lee Jaemoon , Askin David , Dolling Ulf H. , Volante Ralph P.
Published: May 2005

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The Trimethylsilyl Xylyl (TIX) Ether: A Useful Protecting Group for Alcohols.
Authors: Reddy Ch. Raji , Chittiboyina Amar G. , Kache Rajashaker , Jung Jae‐Chul , Watkins E. Blake , Avery Mitchell A.
Published: May 2005

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A Mild and Efficient Method for the Synthesis of Vinylogous Carbamates from Alkyl Azides.
Authors: Reddy D. Srinivasa , Rajale Trideep V. , Shivakumar K. , Iqbal Javed
Published: May 2005

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Asymmetric 1,4‐Addition of β‐Keto Esters to Cyclic Enones Catalyzed by Ru Amido Complexes.
Authors: Wang Hui , Watanabe Masahito , Ikariya Takao
Published: May 2005

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Inhibition of Enone Reduction in Aqueous‐Phase Pauson—Khand Reactions.
Authors: Krafft Marie E. , Wright James A. , Bonaga Llorente V. R.
Published: May 2005

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One‐Pot Synthesis of 1‐Aryl‐3‐methyl‐1,3‐dienes Using Methallyl(trimethyl)silane and Aldehydes and Their Low Temperature (Z)→(E) Isomerization Induced by Sulfur Dioxide.
Authors: Dubbaka Srinivas Reddy , Vogel Pierre
Published: May 2005

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Unprecedented Catalytic Asymmetric Reduction of N—H Imines.
Authors: Gosselin Francis , O'Shea Paul D. , Roy Stephanie , Reamer Robert A. , Chen Cheng‐yi , Volante Ralph P.
Published: May 2005

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Direct Mono‐Insertion of Isocyanides into Terminal Alkynes Catalyzed by Rare‐Earth Silylamides.
Authors: Komeyama Kimihiro , Sasayama Daisuke , Kawabata Tomonori , Takehira Katsuomi , Takaki Ken
Published: May 2005

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An Efficient Pd(II)‐Based Catalyst System for Carboxylation of Aromatic C—H Bond by Addition of a Phosphenium Salt.
Authors: Sakakibara Ken , Yamashita Makoto , Nozaki Kyoko
Published: May 2005

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Carbohydrate‐Derived Amino alcohol Ligands for Asymmetric Reformatsky Reactions.
Authors: Emmerson Daniel P. G. , Hems William P. , Davis Benjamin G.
Published: May 2005

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Pd‐Catalyzed One‐Pot Multicomponent Coupling Reaction for the Highly Regioselective Synthesis of Polysubstituted Benzenes.
Authors: Xi Chanjuan , Chen Chao , Lin Jie , Hong Xiaoyin
Published: May 2005

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Facile Synthesis of Baylis—Hillman Adducts Bearing the Carbamate or Amide Functional Group at the Secondary Position.
Authors: Lee Ka Young , Kim Taek Hyeon , Kim Jae Nyoung
Published: May 2005

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Study of the Michael Addition of β‐Cyclodextrin—Thiol Complexes to Conjugated Alkenes in Water.
Authors: Krishnaveni N. Srilakshmi , Surendra K. , Rao K. Rama
Published: May 2005

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Synthetic Chalcones as Potential Antiinflammatory and Cancer Chemopreventive Agents.
Authors: Won Shen‐Jeu , Liu Cheng‐Tsung , Tsao Lo‐Ti , Weng Jing‐Ru , Ko Horng‐Huey , Wang Jih‐Pyang , Lin Chun‐Nan
Published: May 2005

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P,N‐Bidentate Aryl Phosphite Ligands Based on Chiral 2‐Imino‐, 2‐Oxazolinyl and 2‐Oxazolidinyl Phenols and Their Catalytic Activity.
Authors: Gavrilov Konstantin N. , Tsarev Vasily N. , Zheglov Sergey V. , Lyubimov Sergey E. , Shyryaev Alexei A. , Petrovskii Pavel V. , Davankov Vadim A.
Published: May 2005

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Catalytic Asymmetric Arylative Cyclization of Alkynals: Phosphine‐Free Rhodium/Diene Complexes as Efficient Catalysts.
Authors: Shintani Ryo , Okamoto Kazuhiro , Otomaru Yusuke , Ueyama Kazuhito , Hayashi Tamio
Published: May 2005

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Reductive Intramolecular Henry Reactions Induced by Stryker′s Reagent.
Authors: Chung Wing Ki , Chiu Pauline
Published: May 2005

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Microwave‐Enhanced Carbonylative Generation of Indanones and 3‐Acylaminoindanones.
Authors: Wu Xiongyu , Nilsson Peter , Larhed Mats
Published: May 2005

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Synthesis of Anthracene Ethers from Anthracene Methyl Ethers via an Acid‐Catalyzed Exchange Reaction.
Authors: Lin Chih‐Hsiu , Radhakrishnan Krishnan
Published: May 2005

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Heterocyclic Derivatives of Fullerene C60. Part 2. Cycloaddition to Fullerene C60 of the Products of Dehydrochlorination of N‐Benzyltrifluoroacetimidoyl Chlorides.
Authors: Reinov M. V. , Yurovskaya M. A. , Streletskiy A. V. , Boltalina O. V.
Published: May 2005

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A Soluble Pentacene: Synthesis, EPR and Electrochemical Studies of 2,3,9,10‐Tetrakis(trimethylsilyl)pentacene.
Authors: Chan Siu Hin , Lee Hung Kay , Wang Yu Man , Fu Nan Yan , Chen Xiao Ming , Cai Zong Wei , Wong Henry N. C.
Published: May 2005

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A Facile and Efficient Synthesis of 3,5‐Disubstituted Tetronic Acids in Aqueous Media Involving Acid‐Catalyzed Intramolecular Oxa‐Pyridylethylation.
Authors: Bi Xihe , Liu Qun , Sun Shaoguang , Liu Jun , Pan Wei , Zhao Lei , Dong Dewen
Published: May 2005

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Synthesis of Substituted Pyrrolidines and Piperidines from Endocyclic Enamine Derivatives. Synthesis of (.+‐.)‐Laburnamine.
Authors: Norton Matos Marta , Afonso Carlos A. M. , Batey Robert A.
Published: May 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Silver‐Catalyzed Hydroamination: Synthesis of N‐Bridgehead Pyrroles, Incorporating a Protection‐Deprotection Strategy for Preparation of Cyclic Secondary Vinylogous Carbamates.
Authors: Robinson Ross S. , Dovey Martin C. , Gravestock David
Published: May 2005

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Antiinflammatory and Gastro Sparing Activity of Some New Indomethacin Derivatives.
Authors: Amir Mohd. , Kumar Shikha
Published: May 2005

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Diastereoselective Metal‐Catalyzed [4 + 2 + 2] Carbocyclization Reactions Utilizing a Rhodium N‐Heterocyclic Carbene (NHC) Complex: The First Example of a Rhodium NHC‐Catalyzed [m + n + o] Carbocyclization.
Authors: Evans P. Andrew , Baum Erich W. , Fazal Aleem N. , Pink Maren
Published: May 2005

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Microwave‐Enhanced Cadogan Cyclization: An Easy Access to the 2‐Substituted Carbazoles and other Fused Heterocyclic Systems.
Authors: Appukkuttan Prasad , Van der Eycken Erik , Dehaen Wim
Published: May 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Zinc Mediated Barbier Type Allylation of Cyclic Imides and Subsequent Coupling Reactions with Carbon Nucleophiles.
Authors: Kang Seok Won , Heo Eun Young , Jun Jong Gab , Kim Sung Hoon
Published: May 2005

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Re(CO)5Br‐Catalyzed Coupling of Epoxides with CO2 Affording Cyclic Carbonates under Solvent‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Jiang Jia‐Li , Gao Feixue , Hua Ruimao , Qiu Xianqing
Published: May 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Derivatives of α,β‐Dehydro Amino Acids. Part 1. Synthesis of 1‐Aryl‐2,4‐disubstituted Imidazol‐5‐ones from Arylamides of N‐Benzoyl‐α,β‐dehydrophenylalanine and Trimethylchlorosilane.
Authors: Topuzyan V. O. , Oganesyan A. A. , Panosyan G. A.
Published: May 2005

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Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of Stannylated Metomidate as a Precursor for Electrophilic Radiohalogenations — Regioselective Alkylation of Methyl 1H‐Imidazole‐5‐carboxylate.
Authors: Hammerschmidt Friedrich , Simov Biljana Peric , Schmidt Susanne , Schneider Sabine , Zolle Ilse
Published: May 2005

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The Reaction of Acetylenic Amines with Tetraethylammonium Carbonate and Hydrogen Carbonate: Synthesis of 5‐Methylene‐1,3‐oxazolidin‐2‐ones.
Authors: Arcadi Antonio , Inesi Achille , Marinelli Fabio , Rossi Leucio , Verdecchia Mirella
Published: May 2005

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Diels—Alder Reactions of 2‐Oxazolidinone Dienes in Polar Solvents Using Catalysis or Non‐Conventional Energy Sources.
Authors: Fuentes Aydee , Martinez‐Palou Rafael , Jimenez‐Vazquez Hugo A. , Delgado Francisco , Reyes Alicia , Tamariz Joaquin
Published: May 2005

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Intramolecular 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition of Cyclo‐1,3‐diene‐tethered Nitrile Oxides.
Authors: Yeh Ming‐Chang P. , Jou Chi‐Fen , Yeh Wei‐Tzou , Chiu Da‐yu , Reddy N. Ravi Kumar
Published: May 2005

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2,4‐5‐Trisubstituted Thiazole Building Blocks by a Novel Multi‐Component Reaction.
Authors: Umkehrer Michael , Kolb Juergen , Burdack Christoph , Hiller Wolfgang
Published: May 2005

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Organolithium‐Mediated Diversification of Peptide Thiazoles.
Authors: Deng Shaojiang , Taunton Jack
Published: May 2005

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A Novel Entry Toward 2‐Imino‐1,3‐thiazolidines and 2‐Imino‐1,3‐thiazolines by Ring Transformation of 2‐(Thiocyanomethyl)aziridines.
Authors: D'hooghe Matthias , Waterinckx Alex , De Kimpe Norbert
Published: May 2005

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Reactions of 3‐Azido‐1,2,4‐triazole with Electrophiles.
Authors: Kofman T. P. , Krasnov K. N.
Published: May 2005

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Synthesis of Substituted 1,2,4‐Triazoles and 1,3,4‐Thiadiazoles.
Authors: Hovsepian T. R. , Dilanian E. R. , Engoyan A. P. , Melik‐Ohanjanian R. G.
Published: May 2005

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Mercury(II) Chloride Mediated Cyclization—Rearrangement of O‐Propargylglycolaldehyde Dithioacetals to 3‐Pyranone Dithioketals: An Expeditious Access to 3‐Pyranones.
Authors: Ghorai Subir , Bhattacharjya Anup
Published: May 2005

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A Peptide‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Stetter Reaction.
Authors: Mennen Steven M. , Blank Jarred T. , Tran‐Dube Michelle B. , Imbriglio Jason E. , Miller Scott J.
Published: May 2005

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A Highly Efficient Enantioselective Synthesis of 2‐Methyl Chromans via Four Sequential Palladium‐Catalyzed Reactions.
Authors: Palucki Michael , Yasuda Nobuyoshi
Published: May 2005

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Synthesis of Dibenzo[b,d]pyran‐6‐ones Based on a “[3 + 3] Cyclization—Suzuki Cross‐Coupling” Strategy.
Authors: Nguyen Van Thi Hong , Langer Peter
Published: May 2005

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Synthesis and Photochromic Properties of Substituted 3H‐Naphtho[2,1‐b]pyrans.
Authors: Gabbutt Christopher D. , Heron B. Mark , Instone Alicia C. , Horton Peter N. , Hursthouse Michael B.
Published: May 2005

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An Efficient Synthesis of Flavones from 2‐Hydroxybenzoic Acids.
Authors: Lee Jae In , Son Hwa Soo , Park Hyun
Published: May 2005

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Evaluation of Sulfone Analogues of Cpd 5 as Cdc25 Inhibitors.
Authors: Ham Seung Wook , Lee Siyeon
Published: May 2005

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Reactivity of N‐Alkanoyloxy‐2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidines (O‐AcylTEMPOs) Towards Hydride‐Transferring or Metallic Alkylating Reagents; Unprecedented Stability and Application to Chemoselective Transformations.
Authors: Inokuchi Tsutomu , Kawafuchi Hiroyuki , Nokami Junzo
Published: May 2005

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Synthesis of a Novel Carboxy Functionalized PyOX‐Ligand.
Authors: Oila Markku J. , Tois Jan E. , Koskinen Ari M. P.
Published: May 2005

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Synthesis of Vinylsulfonyl(halo)pyridines and Their Reactions with Binucleophilic Reagents.
Authors: Amosova S. V. , Gavrilova G. M.
Published: May 2005

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Search for Histamine H3 Receptor Antagonists with Combined Inhibitory Potency at Nτ‐Methyltransferase: Ether Derivatives.
Authors: Apelt J. , Grassmann S. , Ligneau X. , Pertz H. H. , Ganellin C. R. , Arrang J.‐M. , Schwartz J.‐C. , Schunack W. , Stark H.
Published: May 2005

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Palladium‐Catalyzed Intramolecular Coupling Between Aryl Iodides and Allyl Moieties via Thermal and Microwave‐Assisted Conditions.
Authors: Lautens Mark , Tayama Eiji , Herse Christelle
Published: May 2005

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Three‐Component Synthesis of Polysubstituted 6‐Azaindolines and Its Tricyclic Derivatives.
Authors: Fayol Aude , Zhu Jieping
Published: May 2005

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An Easy ABD→ABCD Strategy to Indolo[2,3‐a]quinolizin‐4‐one. Synthesis of Deplancheine and Yohimbane.
Authors: Chang Meng‐Yang , Chen Chung‐Yi , Chung Wen‐Shang , Tasi Min‐Ruei , Chang Nein‐Chen
Published: May 2005

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Acetyl Derivatives of 3‐(5‐R‐Amino‐ [1,3,4]thiadiazol‐2‐yl)‐5‐hydroxymethyl‐8‐methyl‐2H‐pyrano [2,3‐c]pyridin‐2‐ones
Authors: Zhuravel' I. A. , Kovalenko S. N. , Chernykh V. P. , Shinkarenko P. E.
Published: May 2005

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Efficient Synthesis of Various Acycloalkenyl Derivatives of Pyrimidine Using Cross‐Metathesis and Pd(0) Methodologies.
Authors: Amblard Franck , Nolan Steven P. , Schinazi Raymond F. , Agrofoglio Luigi A.
Published: May 2005

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Envirocat EPZ10: A Recyclable Solid Acid Catalyst for the Synthesis of Biginelli‐Type 3,4‐Dihydropyrimidin‐2(1H)‐ones.
Authors: Lee Key‐Young , Ko Kwang‐Youn
Published: May 2005

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Non‐Imidazole Histamine H3 Ligands. Part 3. New 4‐n‐Propylpiperazines as Non‐Imidazole Histamine H3‐Antagonists.
Authors: Walczynski Krzysztof , Zuiderveld Obbe P. , Timmerman Henk
Published: May 2005

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Pyrazoles and Pyrazolo[4,3‐e]pyrrolo[1,2‐a]pyrazines. Part 1. Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity.
Authors: Farghaly Abdel‐Rahman , El‐Kashef Hussein
Published: May 2005

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Isomerization in the Oxidative Cyclocondensation of 2‐Aroylmethyl‐1H‐benzimidazoles with o‐Aminothiophenol.
Authors: Dzvinchuk I. B. , Vypirailenko A. V. , Lozinskii M. O.
Published: May 2005

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Synthesis of Substituted Benzoindolinothiazepines Using 5‐ and 6‐Nitroindolines.
Authors: Laconde G. , Depreux P. , Berthelot P. , Henichart J.‐P.
Published: May 2005

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Synthesis and Application of a New Selenoplatinum Catalyst.
Authors: Arsenyan Pavel , Oberte Kristine , Rubina Kira , Belyakov Sergey
Published: May 2005

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A Facile Synthesis of 1,1‐Bis(silyl)ethenes.
Authors: Pawluc Piotr , Marciniec Bogdan , Hreczycho Grzegorz , Gaczewska Beata , Itami Yujiro
Published: May 2005

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Carbon—Carbon Bond Formation by Cyclization of Dienes Using Phosphorus‐Centered Radicals in Water.
Authors: Cho Dae Hyan , Jang Doo Ok
Published: May 2005

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Synthesis of 3‐Aryl(hetaryl)‐1,2,3‐diazaphospholines.
Authors: Chaikovskaya Aleksandra A. , Kudrya Tamara N. , Lakhtadir Aleksandr I. , Smaliy Radomir V. , Pinchuk Aleksandr M. , Tolmachev Andrei A.
Published: May 2005

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New Reactions of Selenocarboxylates.
Authors: Knapp Spencer , Darout Etzer
Published: May 2005

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Regio‐ and Stereoselective Synthesis of Z‐Vinylic Tellurides from Propargylic Alcohols: A Route to Chiral Z‐Enynes.
Authors: Raminelli Cristiano , da Silva Nathalia C. , Dos Santos Alcindo A. , Porto Andre L. M. , Andrade Leandro H. , Comasseto Joao V.
Published: May 2005

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En Route to the Total Synthesis of Tashironin: The Exercise of Stereochemical Control by a Methyl Group in Mediating Remote Cyclization Reactions.
Authors: Cook Silas P. , Gaul Christoph , Danishefsky Samuel J.
Published: May 2005

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Hydrazine Hydrate Induced Reductive Cleavage of α,β‐Epoxy Ketones: An Efficient Procedure for the Preparation of β‐Hydroxy Ketones.
Authors: Salvador Jorge A. R. , Leitao Alcino J. L. , Sa e Melo M. Luisa , Hanson James R.
Published: May 2005

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Enantiocontrolled Synthesis of α‐Methyl Amino Acids via Bn2N‐α‐Methylserine‐β‐lactone.
Authors: Smith Nicole D. , Wohlrab Aaron M. , Goodman Murray
Published: May 2005

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anti‐HIV Benzylisoquinoline Alkaloids and Flavonoids from the Leaves of Nelumbo nucifera, and Structure—Activity Correlations with Related Alkaloids.
Authors: Kashiwada Yoshiki , et al. et al.
Published: May 2005

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Development of a Flexible Approach to Nuphar Alkaloids via Two Enantiospecific Piperidine‐Forming Reactions.
Authors: Goodenough Katharine M. , Moran Wesley J. , Raubo Piotr , Harrity Joseph P. A.
Published: May 2005

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Protoberberines from Reissert‐Compounds. Part 9. An Alternative Approach to Dibenzoquinolizine‐ and Isoquinonaphthyridin‐13a‐carboxylic Acids, a Novel Synthesis of Alangimarine.
Authors: Reimann Eberhard , Grasberger Fritz
Published: May 2005

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Production of an Antiproliferative Furanoheliangolide by Lychnophora ericoides Cell Culture.
Authors: dos Santos Pierre Alexandre , Castro Amarante Maria Fernanda , Soares Pereira Ana Maria , Bertoni Bianca , Castro Franca Suzelei , Pessoa Claudia , de Moraes Manoel Odorico , Costa‐Lotufo Leticia Veras , Pinho Pereira Marcio Roberto , Lopes Norberto Peporine
Published: May 2005

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Tyrosinase Inhibitors from Rhododendron collettianum and Their Structure—Activity Relationship (SAR) Studies.
Authors: Ahmad Viqar Uddin , Ullah Farman , Hussain Javid , Farooq Umar , Zubair Muhammad , Khan Mahmud Tareq Hassan , Choudhary Muhammad Iqbal
Published: May 2005

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Matrix Metalloproteinase‐1 Inhibitor from the Stem Bark of Styrax japonica S. et Z.
Authors: Kim Mi‐Ran , Moon Hyung‐In , Chung Jin Ho , Moon Young Hee , Hahm Kyung‐Soo , Woo Eun‐Rhan
Published: May 2005

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Two New Lactones and One New Aryl‐8‐oxa‐bicyclo[3,2,1]oct‐3‐en‐2‐one from Descurainia sophia.
Authors: Sun Kai , Li Xian , Li Wen , Wang Jinhui , Liu Jianming , Sha Yi
Published: May 2005

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Koboquinone A and B, New Metabolites of Kobophenol A in Rats.
Authors: Liang Gaolin , Cheng Kejun , Zhou Hong , Hu Changqi
Published: May 2005

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Fe7S8 Nanorods and Nanosheets.
Authors: Kong Xianghua , Lou Tianjun , Li Yadong
Published: May 2005

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Core—Shell Nanowire Light‐Emitting Diodes.
Authors: Hayden Oliver , Greytak Andrew B. , Bell David C.
Published: May 2005

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Molecular Dynamics of Gd(III) Complexes in Aqueous Solution by HF EPR
Authors: Borel Alain , Helm Lothar , Merbach Andre E.
Published: May 2005

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Homogeneous Ice Nucleation in Water and Aqueous Solutions
Authors: Koop Thomas
Published: May 2005

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Acidity‐Enhanced Nanoporous Catalytic Materials
Authors: Xiao Feng‐Shou , Han Yu
Published: May 2005

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Phenomenology of Water Adsorption at Clay Surfaces
Authors: Douillard Jean Marc , Salles Fabrice
Published: May 2005

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Squaring the Interface: “Surface‐Assisted” Coordination Chemistry
Authors: Ruben Mario
Published: May 2005

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Si‐, Ge‐, and Sn‐Centered Free Radicals: From Phantom Species to Grams‐Order‐Scale Materials.
Authors: Lee Vladimir Ya. , Sekiguchi Akira
Published: May 2005

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Catalysts for Cross‐Coupling Reactions with Non‐Activated Alkyl Halides
Authors: Frisch Anja C. , Beller Matthias
Published: May 2005

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Group 6 Fischer Carbene Complexes: “Chemical Multitalents” for Multi‐Component Reactions
Authors: Barluenga Jose , Fernandez‐Rodriguez Manuel A. , Aguilar Enrique
Published: May 2005

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Organic Syntheses Utilizing Titanium Carbene Complexes
Authors: Takeda Takeshi
Published: May 2005

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Advances in Organic Tellurium Chemistry
Authors: Petragnani Nicola , Stefani Helio A.
Published: May 2005

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Transition Metal Catalyzed Hydroarylation of Alkynes
Authors: Nevado Cristina , Echavarren Antonio M.
Published: May 2005

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Molecular Rearrangements
Authors: Murray A. W.
Published: May 2005

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Addition Reactions: Polar Addition
Authors: Kocovsky P.
Published: May 2005

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Carbenes and Nitrenes
Authors: Hodgson D. M. , Christlieb M. , Gras E.
Published: May 2005

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Addition Reactions: Cycloaddition
Authors: Dennis N.
Published: May 2005

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Carbocations
Authors: McClelland R. A.
Published: May 2005

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Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution
Authors: Crampton M. R.
Published: May 2005

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Oxidation and Reduction
Authors: Braddock D. C.
Published: May 2005

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Dithiol Proteins as Guardians of the Intracellular Redox Milieu in Parasites: Old and New Drug Targets in Trypanosomes and Malaria‐Causing Plasmodia
Authors: Krauth‐Siegel R. Luise , Bauer Holger , Schirmer R. Heiner
Published: May 2005

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Pharmaceuticals from Nature: Biology of Taxanes
Authors: Leistner Eckhard
Published: May 2005

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Attacking the Mitotic Spindle: Mode of Action of the Taxanes
Authors: Bartsch Volker
Published: May 2005

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Beyond Paclitaxel and Docetaxel. New Stabilizers of Microtubules
Authors: Baumann Knut
Published: May 2005

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Acetic Acid‐Induced Gastroduodenal Ulcers in Experimental Animals — Examples of Serendipity and Pseudoserendipity
Authors: Okabe Susumu
Published: May 2005

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Safe Application of Paclitaxel and Docetaxel: Pharmacokinetics and Interaction Potentials of Taxanes
Authors: Simons Sven , Jaehde Ulrich
Published: May 2005

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Therapy of Solid Tumors: Efficiency and Toxicity of Taxanes
Authors: Lipp Hans‐Peter , Bokemeyer Carsten
Published: May 2005

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Continuing Challenges in the Parametrization of Intermolecular Force Fields. Towards an Accurate Description of Electrostatic and Induction Terms
Authors: Chipot Christophe , Angyan Janos G.
Published: May 2005

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Modern Analytical Thermooptical Spectroscopy
Authors: Proskurnin M. A. , Kononets M. Yu.
Published: May 2005

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Time‐Resolved X‐Ray Absorption Spectroscopy Methods
Authors: Ressler T. , van Bokhoven J. A. , Knop‐Gericke G. , de Groot F. M. F.
Published: May 2005

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X‐Ray Absorption Near Edge Spectroscopy
Authors: de Groot F. M. F. , Knop‐Gericke A. , Ressler T. , van Bokhoven J. A.
Published: May 2005

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Raman Spectroscopy
Authors: Banares Miguel A.
Published: May 2005

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Time‐Resolved Step‐Scan and Rapid‐Scan Fourier‐Transform Infrared Spectroscopy
Authors: Yeom Young‐Hoon , Frei Heinz
Published: May 2005

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Perceptions of insurance coverage for screening mammography among women in need of screening
Authors: McAlearney Ann Scheck , Reeves Katherine W. , Tatum Cathy , Paskett Electra D.
Published: May 2005

BACKGROUND

Breast carcinoma remains a significant health problem in the U.S., especially among underserved populations. Although screening mammography is recommended for early detection, in 2002, approximately 25% of women age > 40 years had not had a mammogram within the past 2 years. The current study examined perceptions of insurance coverage and cost as barriers to screening mammography within an underserved, predominantly low‐income population of women in need of a mammogram.

METHODS

Between 1998 and 2002, face‐to‐face interviews were conducted with 897 women age ≥ 40 years. All women were part of a randomized, controlled study evaluating a health education intervention designed to improve mammography screening. They were asked questions at baseline about cost and insurance coverage as barriers to mammography screening. Women's reports of their level of insurance coverage for mammography were compared with actual coverage by their insurance type to determine the accuracy of their perception of insurance coverage for mammography. The relation between perception of insurance coverage and the barrier of cost was investigated.

RESULTS

Greater than half of the women who needed a mammogram identified cost as a barrier to mammography; however, 40% of these women had an inappropriate perception of their insurance coverage. Underestimating or not knowing the level of mammography coverage was strongly associated with reporting cost‐related difficulty (odds ratio [OR] = 4.57, 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.95–10.70 for the underestimate category; OR = 4.42, 95% CI, 1.80–10.88 for the don't know category), regardless of true coverage levels.

CONCLUSIONS

Providing women with information regarding their actual coverage for mammograms may reduce the impact of cost as a barrier to screening mammography. Cancer 2005. © 2005 American Cancer Society.
Ltrk is differentially expressed in developing and adult neurons of the Lymnaea central nervous system
Authors: Bulloch Andrew G.M. , Diep Chi Q. , Logan Cairine C. , Bulloch Estrella S. , Robbins Stephen M. , Hislop Jonathan , Sossin Wayne S.
Published: May 2005

The Trk receptor family plays diverse roles in both development and plasticity of the vertebrate nervous system. Ltrk is a related receptor that is expressed in the CNS of the mollusk Lymnaea, although little is known of its cellular distribution. This study provides three independent lines of evidence (based on RT‐PCR, in situ hybridization, and immunohistochemistry) that Ltrk is universally expressed by neurons and dorsal body cells of both the juvenile and the adult Lymnaea CNS. The highest level of expression by neuronal somata occurs in the late juvenile stage, whereas axon collaterals express high levels throughout the animal's life span. Our data support multifunctional roles for Ltrk that parallel those of its mammalian counterparts. J. Comp. Neurol. 487:240–254, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Breakpoints of variant 9;22 translocations in chronic myeloid leukemia locate preferentially in the CG‐richest regions of the genome
Authors: Fisher Andrew M. , Strike Paul , Scott Claire , Moorman Anthony V.
Published: May 2005

From 5% to 10% of 9;22 translocations in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) are reported to occur in variant form, that is, with the involvement of other regions of the genome in 3‐way or more rearrangements. The literature indicates that the alternative breakpoints are not distributed randomly in the genome but show hotspots. We present data on 289 unpublished cases of CML with variant 9;22 translocations having a total of 342 variant breakpoints, the largest independent series to date. We found that the distribution of breaks was in loose agreement with the literature but that some new hotspots were identified; furthermore, some published hotspots were not fully supported by our data. Moreover, when our 342 variant breakpoints were plotted against profiles of CG heterogeneity in the genome, a significant positive correlation between breakpoint locations and CG composition was observed. In an ancillary study, we compared the frequency of variant t(9;22) with that of variants of t(15;17) associated with acute promyelocytic leukemia (AML M3). We found that the frequency of the former, 9.3%, was significantly higher than that of the latter, 2.6%. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Fusion of theEWSR1andATF1genes without expression of theMITF‐Mtranscript in angiomatoid fibrous histiocytoma
Authors: Hallor Karolin Hansén , Mertens Fredrik , Jin Yuesheng , Meis‐Kindblom Jeanne M. , Kindblom Lars‐Gunnar , Behrendtz Mikael , Kalén Anders , Mandahl Nils , Panagopoulos Ioannis
Published: May 2005

Angiomatoid fibrous histiocytoma (AFH) is a rare soft tissue tumor that usually occurs in children and young adults. Only two cases of AFH with genetic rearrangements have been reported previously; both of these had aFUS–ATF1fusion gene. We have studied an AFH from a 9‐year‐old boy whose tumor displayed a t(12;22)(q13;q12) as the sole cytogenetic aberration. FISH,RT‐PCR, and sequence analyses revealed anEWSR1–ATF1fusion gene that has previously been reported in clear cell sarcoma (CCS), a soft tissue sarcoma that is morphologically and clinically distinct from AFH. This study thus has demonstrated that theEWSR1–ATF1chimera represents a fusion gene that can be associated with different tumor types. Simultaneous expression of theEWSR1–ATF1andMITF‐Mtranscripts in CCS has led to the proposal that theMITF‐Mpromoter is transactivated by EWSR1–ATF1. The AFH, however, did not express theMITF‐Mtranscript, supporting the theory thatMITF‐Mexpression in CCS is a reflection of its cellular origin, rather than a consequence of the presence of an EWSR1–ATF1 fusion protein. Activation of theEWSR1–ATF1oncogene is probably an early step in the transformation process, but the overall gene expression patterns are likely to vary considerably between AFH and CCS, in keeping with their clinicopathologic differences. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Comparison of population‐ and family‐based methods for genetic association analysis in the presence of interacting loci
Authors: Howson Joanna M.M. , Barratt Bryan J. , Todd John A. , Cordell Heather J.
Published: May 2005

We compared different ascertainment schemes for genetic association analysis: affected sib‐pairs (ASPs), case‐parent trios, and unrelated cases and controls. We found, with empirical type 1 diabetes data at four known disease loci, that studies based on case‐parent trios and on unmatched cases and controls often gave higher odds ratio estimates and stronger significance test values than ASP designs. We used simulations and a simplified disease model involving two interacting loci, one of large effect and one smaller, to examine interaction models that could cause such an effect. The different ascertainment schemes were compared for power to detect an effect when only the locus of smaller effect was genotyped. ASPs showed the greatest power for association testing under most models of interaction except under additive and certain epistatic crossover models, for which case/controls and case‐parent trios did better. All ascertainment schemes gave an unbiased estimation of log genotype relative risks (GRRs) under a multiplicative model. Under nonmultiplicative interactions, GRRs at the minor locus as estimated from ASPs could be biased upwards or downwards, resulting in either an increase or decrease in power compared to the case/control or trio design. For the four known type 1 diabetes loci, we observed decreased risks with ASPs, which could be due to additive interactions with the remaining susceptibility loci. Thus, the optimal ascertainment strategy in genetic association studies depends on the unknown underlying multilocus genetic model, and on whether the goal of the study is to detect an effect or to accurately estimate the resulting disease risks. Genet. Epidemiol. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.