bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Correlating affect and emotion: Covidiquette and the expanding curation of online persona(s)
Authors: Marshall David
Published: January 2022

Over the last 25 years, major research in media and cultural studies has investigated the play of affect in our cultures. ‘Affect’, as a term derived from its neurophysiological and psychological origins, defines the particular movement of feeling from sensation to its attribution as an identifiable emotion. This article explores the way that ‘affect’ to emotion is being curated online by users particularly of social media as they learn to structure how they are perceived in online culture by others. It also investigates how the specific correlating of affect to emotion is one of the essential algorithmically generated activities of social media and online corporations. To discern this flow of affect and emotion, the article works to identify how this online cultural pandemic has intersected with the COVID-19 pandemic and produced a new level and intensity of affect and emotion curation as greater parts of our connected cultures are being managed and moderated by ourselves as well as governments, corporations and institutions. The neologism ‘covidiquette’ is used to describe this new form of online curation of cultures, and a further pandemic expansion of this movement of affect into attribution – transnationally, governmentally and commercially. Key pathways for investigating this correlation – and curation – of affect are analysed in this paper during 2020 and 2021 and the ever-presence of COVID-19 and its unique capacity to produce a proliferation of sharing, connection and – critically – surveillance.
Forming and layering method optimization of prestressed joint of composite-metal drive shaft
Authors: Jiao Yang , Li Yong , Huan Dajun , Liu Hongquan , Luo Rui , Wang Junsheng
Published: January 2022

Prestressed fit is a new type of composite and metal connection. Compared with the traditional connection, it has the advantages of maintaining fiber continuity, high controllability, and high stability. According to the analytical model, the important parameters of the prestressed joint such as friction coefficient, lap length and winding tension are proposed. The influence of the parameters on the joint performance and stress distribution is studied by the finite element method. The abnormal end phenomenon, the stress relaxation phenomenon, and the stress mutation phenomenon caused by demolding during the joint forming process are explained, and the design of the layering method is optimized. The results show that the end effect makes the relationship between the lap length and the peak torque of the joint nonlinear, and increasing the lap length is beneficial to reduce this effect; before and after demolding, the end stress increases sharply; reducing the winding tension and selecting high modulus core mold materials are conducive to reducing stress relaxation; 90°inner ply angle and ± 45°outer ply angle are ideal layup methods for joint composite materials.
Optimised versus standard automated peritoneal dialysis regimens pilot study (OptiStAR): A randomised controlled crossover trial
Authors: Bergling Karin , de Arteaga Javier , Ledesma Fabián , Öberg Carl M
Published: January 2022

Background:

The continuous global rise of end-stage kidney disease creates a growing demand of economically beneficial home-based kidney replacement therapies such as peritoneal dialysis (PD). However, undesirable absorption and exposure of peritoneal tissues to glucose remain major limitations of PD.

Methods:

We compared a reference (standard) automated PD regimen 6 × 2 L 1.36% glucose (76 mmol/L) over 9 h with a novel, theoretically glucose sparing (optimised) prescription consisting of ‘ultrafiltration cycles’ with high glucose strength (126 mmol/L) and ‘clearance cycles’ with ultra-low, physiological glucose (5 mmol/L) for approximately 40% of the treatment time. Twenty-one prevalent PD patients underwent the optimised regimen (7 × 2 L 2.27% glucose + 5 × 2 L 0.1% glucose over 8 h) and the standard regimen in a crossover fashion. Six patients were excluded from data analysis.

Results:

Median glucose absorption was 43 g (IQR 41–54) and 44 g (40–55) for the standard and optimised intervention, respectively ( p = 1). Ultrafiltration volume, weekly Kt/V creatinine and urea were significantly improved during optimised interventions, while no difference in sodium removal was detected. Post hoc analysis showed significantly improved ultrafiltration efficiency (ml ultrafiltration per gram absorbed glucose) during optimised regimens. No adverse events were observed except one incidence of drain pain.

Conclusion:

Optimised treatments were feasible and well tolerated in this small pilot study. Despite no difference in absorbed glucose, results indicate possible improvements of ultrafiltration efficiency and small solute clearances by optimised regimens. Use of optimised prescriptions as glucose sparing strategy should be evaluated in larger study populations.
An Atypical Presentation of a Zygomatic Sialocele in a dog
Authors: Landy Shanna , Peralta Santiago , Fiani Nadine
Published: January 2022

A sialocele is an accumulation of salivary fluid due to leakage into the interstitial space surrounding the affected salivary gland and/or its corresponding duct. Reported causes of salivary leakage include trauma, foreign bodies, sialoliths, and neoplasia, but in many cases the etiology is not identified. Clinical signs of sialoceles associated with the zygomatic salivary gland or corresponding duct usually include exophthalmos due to periorbital salivary accumulation, whereas sialoceles associated with the mandibular or sublingual glands or ducts usually manifest as cervical, pharyngeal and/or sublingual salivary accumulation. This case report describes an atypical cervical presentation of a zygomatic sialocele in a dog that resolved after zygomatic sialoadenectomy.
Evaluation of Chinese freight train bearing condition based on spatiotemporal feature extraction
Authors: Si Jin , Shi Hongmei , Yang Jinsong
Published: January 2022

Bearing failure in freight trains can directly affect operational safety. Therefore, bearing condition evaluation is of practical and critical significance. In this paper, a new method of evaluating the condition of the bearings is proposed based on spatiotemporal feature extraction with bearing temperature data. First, the temperature time series is divided into many sub-sequences with a sliding time window. Second, based on the forms of series anomaly, point anomaly, and pattern anomaly in time series, the spatiotemporal features extraction framework is presented, which combines manual feature extraction with machine learning methods. Specifically, series classification, distribution-based and increment-based outlier detection, model-based time series anomaly detection methods are utilized to extract abnormal features in temporal, spatial, and spatiotemporal dimensions. Third, a penalty vector is constructed by an ergodic accumulation of penalty values for the outliers. And the weights to each element in the penalty vector are allocated using correlation analysis. The penalty vector and the weights are then employed to calculate the bearing health indicator, which can quantify the health condition and determine the severity of the potential fault. Finally, the validity of the proposed evaluation method is verified with on-site historical temperature data of 15,120 bearings on 35 trains, which demonstrates an accuracy of more than 94%. The method can provide early warning for an average of 161 h before hotbox alarms. The results indicate the proposed method can effectively evaluate the bearing condition and provide supportive information for condition-based maintenance.
When does credibility matter? The assessment of information sources in teenagers navigation regimes
Authors: Almeida Carla , Macedo-Rouet Mônica , de Carvalho Vanessa Brasil , Castilhos Washington , Ramalho Marina , Amorim Luís , Massarani Luisa
Published: January 2022

The aim of this paper is to investigate when and how Brazilian teenagers assess the credibility of information sources. We analyze data collected through focus groups, guided internet searches, and interviews with sixty-one 14- to 19-year olds from the state of Rio de Janeiro. Participants used different criteria to attribute credibility to information sources, with expertise and reputation being two of the most relevant, placing specialists, teachers, and the mainstream media at the top of their list of credible sources. Interestingly, these sources are not necessarily the ones that are most present in their daily lives, and credibility is only a relevant factor in some circumstances. Based on our results and data from other studies on the topic, we propose three navigation regimes (dilletante, motivated, and constrained) as a framework for analyzing teenagers’ information evaluation behavior, in which the role of sources’ credibility varies considerably. We believe this framework can help in the development of more effective strategies for improving young people’s sourcing skills and media literacy.
Low-frequency electroacupuncture improves disordered hepatic energy metabolism in insulin-resistant Zucker diabetic fatty rats via the AMPK/mTORC1/p70S6K signaling pathway
Authors: Liu Xiao-xiao , Zhang Li-zhi , Zhang Hai-hua , Lai Lan-feng , Wang Yi-qiao , Sun Jian , Xu Neng-gui , Li Zhi-xing
Published: January 2022

Background and aim:

Disordered hepatic energy metabolism is found in obese rats with insulin resistance (IR). There are insufficient experimental studies of electroacupuncture (EA) for IR and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The aim of this study was to probe the effect of EA on disordered hepatic energy metabolism and the adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1)/ribosomal protein S6 kinase, 70-kDa (p70S6K) signaling pathway.

Methods:

Zucker Diabetic Fatty (ZDF) rats were randomly divided into three groups: EA group receiving EA treatment; Pi group receiving pioglitazone gavage; and ZF group remaining untreated (n = 8 per group). Inbred non-insulin-resistant Zucker lean rats formed an (untreated) healthy control group (ZL, n = 8). Fasting plasma glucose (FPG), fasting insulin (FINS), C-peptide, C-reactive protein (CRP) and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) indices were measured. Hematoxylin–eosin (H&E) staining was used to investigate the liver morphologically. The mitochondrial structure of hepatocytes was observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Western blotting was adopted to determine protein expression of insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1), mTOR, mTORC1, AMPK, tuberous sclerosis 2 (TSC2) and p70S6K, and their phosphorylation. RT-PCR was used to quantify IRS-1, mTOR, mTORC1, AMPK and p70S6K mRNA levels.

Results:

Compared with the ZF group, FPG, FINS, C-peptide, CRP and HOMA-IR levels were significantly reduced in the EA group ( p < 0.05, p < 0.01). Evaluation of histopathology showed improvement in liver appearances following EA. Phosphorylation levels of AMPK, mTOR and TSC2 decreased, and IRS-1 and p70S6K increased, in hepatocytes of the ZF group, while these negative effects appeared to be alleviated by EA.

Conclusions:

EA can effectively ameliorate IR and regulate energy metabolism in the ZDF rat model. AMPK/mTORC1/p70S6K and related molecules may represent a potential mechanism of action underlying these effects.
Implementation of a centralized HPV-based cervical cancer screening programme in Tuscany: First round results and comparison with the foregoing Pap-based screening programme
Authors: Carozzi Francesca , Burroni Elena , Confortini Massimo , Pompeo Giampaolo , Bisanzi Simonetta , Cellai Filippo , Paganini Irene , Mantellini Paola , Iossa Anna , Lelli Lisa , Di Pierro Carmelina , Matucci Marzia , Cannistrà Stefania , Rosati Roberta , Mongia Alessandra , Visioli Carmen Beatriz , Gorini Giuseppe , Sani Cristina , the Tuscany HPV-based Screening Working Group
Published: January 2022

Objective

To evaluate performance of the first round of HPV-based screening in Tuscany region and compare it with the prior round of Pap-based screening

Setting

Tuscany region of Italy, where HPV-based cervical cancer screening started in 2013, with a strong level of centralization screening tests at the Regional Laboratory for Cancer Prevention (ISPRO).

Methods

The transition from Pap- to HPV-based screening was initiated for older women and at 3 out of 12 Tuscany Local Health Units (LHUs). Data from the Florence and Grosseto LHUs (about 300,000 women) were analysed and performance screening indicators estimated.

Results

HPV-based indicators recorded good performance, with increased compliance vs. the Pap-based programme. We registered a substantial decrease in waiting times from sampling to test reporting, probably related to the centralization strategy. Since the screening protocol was the same and conducted at a single laboratory, we could hypothesize that the difference in HPV positivity (6.8% in Florence vs. 8.4% in Grosseto) was due to a real difference in HPV prevalence among women of the two LHUs. The transition to HPV-based screening led to a significant increase both in colposcopy referral rate (4.3% vs. 1.2%) and CIN2+ detection rate (8.3‰ vs. 3.4‰).

Conclusions

HPV-based is more effective in detecting high-grade precancerous and cancerous lesions than Pap-based screening and is characterized by an “anticipatory effect” in the detection of CIN2+ lesions. The transition from Pap-based to HPV-based screening programme should include increased resources dedicated to colposcopy services. Centralization in a laboratory with long experience in this field promotes efficiency of the screening process.
Does Minimum Support Price Have Long-Run Associations and Short-Run Interplays with Yield Rates and Quantities of Outputs? A Study on Food and Non-food Grains in India
Authors: Das Ramesh Chandra
Published: January 2022

Indian agricultural practices in most instances are nature dependent; notwithstanding, it contributes a huge amount to the nation’s gross domestic product and in providing food security to the masses. The government’s announcements of minimum support prices (MSPs) for the crops work as insurance for the farmers from distress sales in the times of bumper crops as well as from nature’s shocks. In the recent past, a new agricultural bill has been passed by both houses of the Indian Parliament which constitutes a major source of concern on the MSP. Under this backdrop, the present study investigates through an endogenous growth model incorporating MSP as the public policy variable and empirical analysis whether MSP has long-run relations with yield rates and total quantity of production of different food and non-food crops for 1983–2019. Using a unit root test, cointegration test and causality test under structural break, it concludes that MSP and yield rates, and MSP and outputs of the selected crops have long-run relations under different break points with temporary deviations from the equilibrium path. Further, there are certain crops like pulses and groundnuts where MSP makes a cause to yield rates and, on the other hand, there are the crops like jute and cotton where MSP makes a cause to quantity of production. Thus, it is recommended that the Government of India should revisit the new agricultural bill and make necessary amendments for the overall benefits of the farmers and the economy as a whole.

JEL Classification: Q180; O4; C22
The diplomatic roles of Korean state-run sport for development programs
Authors: Na Dongkyu , Dallaire Christine
Published: January 2022

The Korean government established the Korea International Cooperation Agency (KOICA) in April 1991 as an agency of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MOFA) to design and execute most of its official development assistance (ODA) grants. Since then, KOICA has administered two forms of Korean sport grants: sport aid projects (e.g. the construction of sport facilities and provision of sport equipment) and sport technical cooperation programs (sport volunteering and Taekwondo coaching programs). Drawing on Murray’s (2018) categorization of sport diplomacy, as well as Foucauldian discourse analysis, we examine how KOICA sport initiatives have, over three decades, operated to support the government's foreign policy and diplomatic goals. The findings reveal that KOICA sport initially prioritized elite sport development in an approach akin to traditional sport diplomacy. Now, however, it appears to have adopted global sport for development (SFD) strategies with a focus on social development, in line with a new sport-oriented, public diplomacy approach. Through the combination of these two strategies, the role played by KOICA sport as a diplomatic tool of the Korean state has become more sophisticated.
A comparative analysis of derivative action in Cypriot company law: Comparison with English company law and the prospect of statutory reform
Authors: Zouridakis Georgios , Papadopoulos Thomas
Published: January 2022

This article provides a comparative analysis of derivative action in Cypriot company law and submits some proposals for statutory reform on the basis of English company law. The derivative action in Cyprus company law is based on common law and is not codified into the text of Cyprus Companies Law-Chapter 113. Regarding the derivative action, the Courts of Cyprus refer to pre-1960 English cases as authorities. However, as this article explains, Cypriot Courts have not followed all developments with regard to the derivative action in English company law, despite the original and elaborated solutions given to many difficult issues by English cases and the statutory derivative claim under the English Companies Act 2006, which replaced the old ‘exceptions to the rule in Foss v. Harbottle’ regime. In fact, quite a few issues related to the remedy are yet to be considered by Cypriot law; case law is scarce and uncertainty looms over (potential) derivative claimants. Taking into account the origin of Cypriot company law from English company law, the jurisprudential and legislative evolution of the derivative action in English company law constitutes a fertile ground for the modernization of derivative action in Cypriot company law. It is therefore hereby submitted that the Cypriot Courts and the Cypriot legislator seek insight from the rich experiences and the multi-faceted evolution of the English law on derivative action, in an effort to address existing problems and establish a modern and functioning framework.
Ameloblastic carcinoma in horses: case report and literature review
Authors: Schreeg Megan E. , Radkin Megan , Haugland Jennifer , Murphy Brian G. , Rushton Steve , Linder Keith E.
Published: January 2022

Ameloblastic carcinoma is a malignant odontogenic neoplasm that has been reported only rarely in veterinary species. A 16-y-old Arabian crossbred mare was presented for evaluation of a hard mass on the body of the mandible, with evidence of osteolysis on radiographs. Incisional biopsies revealed an invasive neoplasm comprised of spindloid epithelial cells with a high mitotic count and partial dual cytokeratin–vimentin immunoreactivity. The horse was euthanized because of rapid tumor progression 3 mo after presentation. Postmortem evaluation revealed partial obliteration of the mandible by a large, firm-to-hard, tan, locally destructive and invasive mass with no gross or histologic evidence of metastasis. Postmortem histology revealed a poorly differentiated epithelial neoplasm with variably prominent features suggestive of odontogenic histogenesis: a plexiform ribbon architecture, infrequent basilar palisading with antibasilar nuclei, rare basilar cytoplasmic clearing, subepithelial matrix hyalinization, and partial dual cytokeratin–vimentin immunoreactivity. Features of malignancy included regions of necrosis, pronounced cellular atypia, a high mitotic count, extensive tissue invasion and local tissue destruction, and extension of neoplastic cells beyond the margins of the mandibular bone. Collectively, these features are most consistent with mandibular ameloblastic carcinoma. Including our case described here, ameloblastic carcinoma has been reported in only 5 horses. The microscopic features reported most consistently are dual cytokeratin–vimentin immunoreactivity, a high mitotic count, and basilar palisading. Ameloblastic carcinoma should be considered as a differential diagnosis for rapidly growing, locally invasive masses arising from the dentate jaw of horses.
Molecular detection of respiratory coinfections in pig herds with enzootic pneumonia: a survey in Brazil
Authors: Balestrin Eder , Wolf Jonas M. , Wolf Lucas M. , Fonseca André S. K. , Ikuta Nilo , Siqueira Franciele M. , Lunge Vagner R.
Published: January 2022

Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is the primary etiologic agent of swine enzootic pneumonia (EP), in which the immune response is reduced, making pigs susceptible to secondary infections. We surveyed commercial pig herds in Brazil for viral and bacterial respiratory coinfections that could complicate EP. Over a 2-y period (2015–2016), we found that 854 of 2,206 pigs (38.7%) were positive for M. hyopneumoniae in herds from various production systems in 3 Brazilian regions (Central-West, Southeast, South). We collected samples of 321 lungs positive for M. hyopneumoniae from 169 farms to also screen for Pasteurella multocida, Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, Glaesserella parasuis, influenza A virus (IAV), and porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) by real-time PCR. The prevalence of pathogens found in addition to M. hyopneumoniae varied: P. multocida (141; 43.9%), G. parasuis (71; 22.1%), PCV2 (50; 15.6%), IAV (23; 7.2%), and A. pleuropneumoniae (18; 5.6%). G. parasuis was more frequent in farrowing or nursery herds (48.7%) than in breeding and fattening herds (10% and 18.6%, respectively; p < 0.01); A. pleuropneumoniae was found only in herds on farrow-to-finish and fattening farms.
Outbreak in African lions of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis infection, with aberrant bacterial morphology
Authors: Womble Mandy , Cabot Megan L. , Harrison Tara , Watanabe Tatiane Terumi Negrão
Published: January 2022

A concurrent outbreak of infection with Yersinia pseudotuberculosis occurred in adult captive African lions ( Panthera leo). Two 17-y-old male lions and one 14-y-old female lion developed respiratory distress, lethargy, ataxia, and hyporexia. Within 3–5 d of the onset of clinical signs, one male and the female lion died and were submitted for postmortem examination. Macroscopically, the liver and spleen had multifocal-to-coalescing, semi-firm, pale-tan nodules throughout the parenchyma. The lungs were non-collapsed and marked by petechiae. Histologic examination identified lytic, necrosuppurative foci in the liver, spleen, lungs, and kidney, with abundant intralesional gram-negative coccobacilli in the male lion. Similar findings were seen in the female lion in the liver, spleen, kidney, and mesenteric lymph node; however, the intralesional bacterial colonies were more pleomorphic, comprising rod and filamentous morphologies. Aerobic bacterial culture of the liver, spleen, and lung revealed Y. pseudotuberculosis growth. The source of infection is unknown, and an epidemiologic study was performed. Sources to be considered are from the predation of rodent and/or bird reservoirs, or contaminated soil or water. Mortality associated with Y. pseudotuberculosis has been described in an African lion cub, however, to our knowledge, Y. pseudotuberculosis has not been reported in adult African lions, and this is only the second report of Y. pseudotuberculosis with aberrant bacterial morphology observed histologically.
Models for Predicting Early Death in Patients With Stage IV Esophageal Cancer: A Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results–Based Cohort Study
Authors: Shi Min , Zhai Guo-qing
Published: January 2022

Background

Despite enormous progress in the stage IV esophageal cancer (EC) treatment, some patients experience early death after diagnosis. This study aimed to identify the early death risk factors and construct models for predicting early death in stage IV EC patients.

Methods

Stage IV EC patients diagnosed between 2010 and 2015 in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database were selected. Early death was defined as death within 3 months of diagnosis, with or without therapy. Early death risk factors were identified using logistic regression analyses and further used to construct predictive models. The concordance index (C-index), calibration curves, and decision curve analyses (DCA) were used to assess model performance.

Results

Out of 4411 patients enrolled, 1779 died within 3 months. Histologic grade, therapy, the status of the bone, liver, brain and lung metastasis, marriage, and insurance were independent factors for early death in stage IV EC patients. Histologic grade and the status of the bone and liver metastases were independent factors for early death in both chemoradiotherapy and untreated groups. Based on these variables, predictive models were constructed. The C-index was .613 (95% confidence interval (CI), [.573–.653]) and .635 (95% CI, [.596–.674]) in the chemoradiotherapy and untreated groups, respectively, while calibration curves and DCA showed moderate performance.

Conclusions

More than 40% of stage IV EC patients suffered from an early death. The models could help clinicians discriminate between low and high risks of early death and strategize individually-tailed therapeutic interventions in stage IV EC patients.
Structural parameter inversion of a gravity dam based on the dynamic response induced by an underwater explosion
Authors: Liu Yijia , Wenbo Lu , Wang Gaohui , Linmei Lyu , Chen Yeqing
Published: January 2022

The overall mechanical behavior of the structure of a gravity dam is comprehensively reflected by modal information included in the measured vibration response. In this study, the dynamic elastic modulus of the dam body and foundation materials were inverted via an underwater explosion, and analyzed. First, the first three main frequencies and basic mode shapes of the dam were obtained based on the acceleration response induced by the explosion. Then, the support vector regression model optimized with the particle swarm optimization algorithm was used to invert the mechanical parameters. The results indicate that the objective function that considers dominant frequency and mode shape has a greater advantage in terms of anti-noise compared to when only the dominant frequency is considered. The inverted dynamic elastic modulus is about 1.5 times that of the static elastic modulus of the corresponding material, and the calculated modal values using the inversion parameters are basically consistent with the measured values. This method provides a new way of determining the dynamic parameters of gravity dams.
The Link Between Creativity, Personality, and Art in Communication Students: Singapore
Authors: Angulo-Brunet Ariadna , Soto-Sanfiel María T.
Published: January 2022

Understanding the profiles of communication students offers meaningful information for the design of satisfactory academic programs which enhance their skills and orientate their future professional careers. This research studies the relationship between creativity, personality, and relation to art of 126 Singaporean communication students. It gathers psychometric evidence for the K-DOCS, analyzes its relationship with personality, and proposes an orientation toward arts scale. Main results show that these students relate art to self/everyday, scholarly, and artistic creativity. Also, there is a link between their personality (agreeableness and openness) and creativity (self/everyday, scholarly, and artistic) in the relation to art.
Osimertinib induced cardiac failure and QT-prolongation in a patient with advanced pulmonary adenocarcinoma
Authors: Bardaro Floriana , Stirpe Emanuele
Published: January 2022

Introduction

Osimertinib is a third-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) used for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) presenting an EGFR mutation. Although Osimertinib has a better safety profile compared to older EGFR-TKIs and although adverse events (AEs) are described in literature, recently the relationship between Osimertinib therapy and cardiotoxicity is gaining attention.

Case report

A 79-years old woman, with a history of lung adenocarcinoma on treatment with Osimertinib since 2019, was recovered in our department because of acute respiratory failure and acute heart failure with QT prolongation. The patient's history included hypertension, type 2 diabetes, breast carcinoma, Tuberculosis.

Management and outcome

The patient discontinued Osimertinib therapy and we treated her with diuretics, ß-blocker, and oxygen. After an initial improvement, the heart failure worsened further, and the therapy had to be increased. We ruled out other respiratory causes of heart failure and cardiological causes of QT prolongation. After stable clinical improvement, the patient underwent coronary artery disease which was negative. Therefore, the most likely cause of acute heart disease was Osimertinib therapy.

Discussion

This is a rare case of concomitant QT prolongation and congestive heart failure induced by Osimertinib therapy. The cause of cardiotoxicity probably depends on factors related to the action of the drug and patient specific factors. The cardiotoxic risk in these patients seems underestimated and cardiotoxicity induced by new anticancer treatments is increasing in importance. Cardiac monitoring is recommended in neoplastic patients receiving Osimertinib therapy with cardiological risk factors.
Panitumumab Associated Acute Pancreatitis
Authors: Arbag Huseyin Can , Sumbul Hilmi Erdem , Buyuksimsek Mahmut , Ogul Ali , Yetisir Abdullah Evren , Koseci Tolga , Bozkurt Duman Berna , Tohumcuoglu Mert , Kesen Oguzhan , Cil Timucin
Published: January 2022

Introduction

The addition of panitumumab to chemotherapy in wild-type metastatic colon cancer contributes to survival. While the skin related side effects of panitumumab are well known, we wanted to present a case where it was a possible cause of acute pancreatitis.

Case Report

The FOLFOX regimen was started in a 67-year-old patient with sigmoid colon cancer and multiple liver metastases. After 2 cycles, genetic tests were concluded and panitumumab 6 mg/kg was added to the treatment. The patient who presented with abdominal pain 2 days after the treatment was hospitalized with acute pancreaatitis.

Management & Outcome

Abdominal tomography of the patient was compatible with acute pancreatitis. Oral intake was stopped, IV hydration was started. The patient, whose complaints regressed, was discharged on the 3rd day of hospitalization.

Discussion

Skin side effects related to panitumumab are observed quite frequently. Although panitumumab related gastrointestinal side effects have been reported, there is no data on acute pancreatitis. Panitumumab was added to the chemotherapy regimen he received, and it was thought that panitumumab might be the etiological factor in the case who developed pancreatitis.
Pro-BNP in the differential diagnosis of dyspnea in patients treated with immune-checkpoint inhibitors: Case Report
Authors: Baranseh Jalal , Ouryvaev Anton , Moady Gassan , Shai Ayelet
Published: January 2022

Introduction

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) induced cardiac toxicity can present with non-specific symptoms and signs. Early recognition and treatment are important; however, diagnosis can be challenging.

Case report

We describe a 67-year-old woman with a history of ICI induced pneumonitis who presented with dyspnea, hypoxemia and pulmonary infiltrates while treated with pembrolizumab for lung cancer, initially diagnoses with relapssed pneumonitis. When her condition did not improve with steroids, NT-pro-BNP level was tested and was markedly high, prompting additional tests for heart failure.

Management and outcome

The patient was diagnosed with ICI induced left ventricular dysfunction and treated with steroids, beta blockers, diuretics, and ACE inhibitors. Her symptoms and imaging studies markedly improved.

Discussion

Here, we review the literature on ICI induced cardiac toxicity and the role of NT-pro -BNP in triage of patients presenting with dyspnea in the emergency setting. We suggest that measurement of NT-pro -BNP be utilized in patients receiving ICI's and presenting with respiratory abnormalities, to rapidly assess for possible cardiac toxicity.
Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy Among Ibrutinib Treatment In Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
Authors: Çetintepe Tuğba , Gediz Füsun , Akyar Işın , Çetintepe Lutfi , Koç Ali Murat
Published: January 2022

Introduction

Both chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) itself and the drugs used for its treatment, pose a risk for progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML). Although the relationship between Rituximab and PML is well known, case reports that have been recently published, suggest that ibrutinib; which is used in the treatment of CLL, may increase the risk of PML.

Case report

Here, we report a case of 64 year-old female patient with CLL who was previously treated with rituximab, fludarabine and bendamustin but developed PML after receiving monotherapy with ibrutinib. According to Naranjo’s algorithm, the causality relationship with the drug is possible with a score of 3. The patient initially exhibited neurological symptoms. Magnetic resonance of the brain revealed a bilateral asymmetric hyperintensity in the white matter involving the parietal and occipital lobules, and there was no mass effect, edema, hemorrhagic or iscemic lesions. No enhancement of contrast media was observed. The findings were consistent with demyelination and suggestive of PML.

Management and outcome

Mirtazapine treatment was initiated. However, neurological sympthoms continuously progressed over the following weeks and the patient, aged 64, died six weeks after diagnosis of PML.

Discussion

PML is a rare and often fatal demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that is exclusively seen in immunocompromised patients and there is no specific agent to treat PML. The case discussed here, highlights that the use of ibrutinib in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) therapy may result in PML.
Retrospective study evaluating immune-related adverse events in cancer patients treated with pembrolizumab
Authors: Mashni Ola K. , Baba Dima W. , Mahmoud Aseel N. , Qur’an Tasnim O.
Published: January 2022

Introduction

Pembrolizumab has been on the market for several years, but most of the safety data is based on clinical trials with limited literature evaluating post-marketing immune-related adverse events (irAEs) associated with its use. This study aimed to evaluate the characteristics of irAEs associated with pembrolizumab.

Methods

We included adult patients who had received pembrolizumab between January 2016 and December 2020. The patient electronic profiles and the pharmacy adverse event reporting system were reviewed to identify adverse events. Patients were followed from the start of treatment until 12 months after the last dose, end of the study, or death. The characteristics of the patients and the irAEs were recorded. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify variables associated with the development of irAE.

Results

During the study period, 223 patients and 1601 cycles of pembrolizumab were evaluated. A total of 67 irAEs were reported in 58 patients. The median age was 53 years (range 18–84), and most patients were males (75%) with metastatic lung cancer (62%). The most common irAEs were respiratory (30%), followed by gastrointestinal (25%), endocrine (24%), and dermatologic (21%). Among the reported irAEs, 28 were associated with hospital admission, 15 required long-term treatment, and 9 resulted in pembrolizumab discontinuation. In logistic regression, there were no significant predictors associated with irAE.

Conclusions

Respiratory irAEs were the most common in our population. We were unable to identify predictors of irAE in this cohort. Further studies are necessary to identify predictors of adverse events.
COVID-19 Experiences and Mental Health Among Graduate and Undergraduate Nursing Students in Los Angeles
Authors: Jardon Cecilia , Choi Kristen R.
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND:

Nurses and nursing students are at risk for negative mental health as a result of significant work stressors from the COVID-19 pandemic.

AIMS:

The purpose of this study was to (1) describe the mental health of nursing students during the COVID-19 pandemic, (2) investigate relationships between stressful COVID-19 experiences and mental health, and (3) examine correlates of mental health service use.

METHOD:

This observational study used a web-based survey to assess COVID-19 experiences, self-reported mental health, and mental health service utilization among nursing students in Los Angeles in spring 2021 ( N = 174, 30.1% response rate). The survey used measures of stressful COVID-19 experiences (personal COVID-19 illness, hospitalization of close friends or family, and death of close friends or family), loneliness, resilience, depression, anxiety, COVID-19-related traumatic stress, and utilization of campus and noncampus mental health services.

RESULTS:

Students had high levels of depression (30%), anxiety (38%), and traumatic stress (30%). There was no relationship between stressful COVID-19 experiences and mental health, but loneliness was associated with higher odds of mental health problems and resilience with lower odds. Mental health problems were not associated with use of campus or noncampus mental health services. Students with primary caregiving responsibilities ( OR = 0.22, 95% CI [0.05, 0.87]) and students who identified as Asian/Pacific Islander ( OR = 0.24, 95% CI [0.09, 0.70]) had lower odds of mental health service utilization.

CONCLUSIONS:

Resilience and loneliness affect nursing student risk for negative mental health as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. Targeted, accessible mental health support within nursing education programs may be warranted.
Modeling of three-dimensional beam nonlinear vibrations generalizing Hencky’s ideas
Authors: Turco Emilio
Published: January 2022

In this contribution, a novel nonlinear micropolar beam model suitable for metamaterials design in a dynamics framework is presented and discussed. The beam model is formulated following a completely discrete approach and it is fully defined by its Lagrangian, i.e., by the kinetic energy and by the potential of conservative forces. Differently from Hencky’s seminal work, which considers only flexibility to compute the buckling load for rectilinear and planar Euler–Bernoulli beams, the proposed model is fully three-dimensional and considers both the extensional and shear deformability contributions to the strain energy and translational and rotational kinetic energy terms. After having introduced the model formulation, some simulations obtained with a numerical integration scheme are presented to show the capabilities of the proposed beam model.
Patients’ experiences of cannulation of arteriovenous access for haemodialysis: A qualitative systematic review
Authors: Fielding Catherine , Bramley Louise , Stalker Carol , Brand Sarah , Toft Suzanne , Buchanan Heather
Published: January 2022

Introduction:

Cannulation is an essential part of haemodialysis with arteriovenous access. Patients’ experiences of cannulation for haemodialysis are problematic but poorly understood. This review aims to synthesise findings related to patients’ experiences of cannulation for haemodialysis from qualitative studies, providing a fuller description of this phenomenon.

Methods:

Eligibility criteria defined the inclusion of studies with a population of patients with end-stage kidney disease on haemodialysis. The phenomena of interest was findings related to patients’ experiences of cannulation for haemodialysis and the context was both in-centre and home haemodialysis. MedLine, CINAHL, EMBASE, EMCARE, BNI, PsycInfo and PubMed were last searched between 20/05/2019 and 23/05/2019. The quality of studies was assessed using the using Joanna Briggs Critical Appraisal Checklist for Qualitative Research. Meta-aggregation was used to synthesise findings and CERQual to assess the strength of accumulated findings.

Results:

This review included 26 studies. The subject of included studies covered cannulation, pain, experiences of vascular access, experiences of haemodialysis and a research priority setting exercise. From these studies, three themes were meta-aggregated: (1) Cannulation for haemodialysis is an unpleasant, abnormal and unique procedure associated with pain, abnormal appearance, vulnerability and dependency. (2) The necessity of cannulation for haemodialysis emphasises the unpleasantness of the procedure. Success had multiple meanings for patients and patients worry about whether the needle insertion will be successful. (3) Patients survive unpleasant, necessary and repetitive cannulation by learning to tolerate cannulation and exerting control over the procedure. Feeling safe can help them tolerate cannulation better and the cannulator can invoke feeling safe. However, some patients still avoid cannulation, due to its unpleasantness.

Conclusions:

Cannulation is a pervasive procedure that impacts on patients’ experiences of haemodialysis. This review illuminates further patients’ experiences of cannulation for haemodialysis, indicating how improvements can be made to cannulation.

Registration:

PROSPERO (CRD42019134583).
Competition for domestic tourism in the COVID-19 pandemic: A characterization using a contest model
Authors: Duro Juan Antonio , Osório António , Perez-Laborda Alejandro
Published: January 2022

The COVID-19 has caused a dramatic fall in international tourism demand. Destinations within countries have revised their promotion strategies, intensifying the competition for the domestic market, less affected by mobility restrictions. This paper proposes a contest theory model for characterizing this new context. Two types of destinations, coastal (sun and sand) and rural, compete for the existing demand in terms of promotion spending. The competition is driven by two main factors: the relative strategic advantage of each destination in the international and domestic markets and the strategic value given to each market. The pandemic has likely modified these factors, reducing the traditional advantage of coastal destinations and shifting the valuation towards the domestic market. According to the model, these changes may increase competition for the domestic market, with destinations rising promotion spending even in a context of reduced demand, which is consistent with the empirical evidence.
Images Made by Contagion: On Dermatological Wax Moulages
Authors: Fend Mechthild
Published: January 2022

Moulages are contact media – images made by contagion in the most literal sense: their production relies on a process in which the object to be reproduced is touched by the reproducing material. In the case of dermatological moulages, the plaster touches the infected skin of the sick and, once dried, serves as the negative form for the waxen image of a disease. Focussing on the collection of the Hôpital Saint-Louis in Paris, the article situates the production of dermatological moulages within the visual culture of 19th-century medicine and raises the question how an ancient technique of image production could become such a prevalent tool for the documentation of skin diseases during a period usually associated with the rise of scientific medicine and a reconsideration of theories of contagion in medical aetiology.
The mediating role of Courageous coping in the relations between spirituality and social support with resilience among adolescents with hemophilia
Authors: Parviniannasab Ali Mohammad , Rakhshan Mahnaz , Momennasab Marzieh , Soltanian Mitra , Rambod Masoume , Akbarzadeh Mahdi
Published: January 2022

In addition to physical disorders, people with hemophilia face complex psychological problems. Hence, protective factors such as coping strategies, social support, and spirituality to improve psychological health should be determined. This study examined the role of courageous coping as a mediator in the interrelationships between spirituality as well as social support and resilience among adolescents with hemophilia. In this descriptive-analytical study, the participants were 372 adolescents with hemophilia aged 11–21 years. Connor–Davidson resilience scale, Jalowiec Coping scale, Perceived Social Support Scale, and spirituality scale were the instruments used in this study. The analysis results of Pearson correlation revealed a significant positive relationship between spirituality as well as social support and resilience. Also, it was determined that courageous coping is a thorough mediator between spirituality and resilience. The mediating role of courageous coping did not reach meaningful levels between social support and resilience, meaning that zero was included in bootstrap interval, CI 95% (β =.026, CI [-.002, .089]). Social support, adopting a spiritual strategy, and using coping strategies played a crucial role among the adolescents to promote their level of resilience to cope with hemophilia.
Approaches for effective negative pressure isolation space control to minimize airborne transmission of contaminants in residential homes
Authors: Khan Tanvir , Withers Charles , Martin Eric , Bonilla Nicolas
Published: January 2022

Controlling airborne transmission of contaminants including respired viruses such as SARS-CoV-2 is necessary to protect occupants living in the same house with a contagious person. The effectiveness of interventions requiring minor efforts that create a negative pressure isolation zone (IZ) for a contagious person has yet to be systematically tested for residential homes. In this study, ASHRAE Standard 170, which offers guidance for negative pressure isolation space control in healthcare facilities, was used in developing practical and attainable recommendations for residential single-family homes. The relative effectiveness of several control strategies was evaluated through experimentally conducting 17 different test cases in a manufactured single-family house laboratory. These cases were designed based on various heating, ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC) operating scenarios, intervention measures including closing the IZ door and/or sealing over supply and return air grilles in the IZ, and utilization of bathroom exhaust or portable window fans for pressure control. Four out of 17 test cases were identified as having the potential for strong containment with adequate depressurization in the IZ. The most effective IZ depressurization was achieved through continuously operating the exhaust fan in the bathroom attached to the IZ, by installing a portable window fan that extracted air out of the IZ, and a portable room air conditioner with the AC unit exhaust duct installed in one of the IZ windows.