bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh lama pemeraman berbeda terhadap kualitas fisik dan pH silase sorgum varietas Samurai 2 Ratun ke satu
Authors: David L.A. , Bagau B. , Telleng M.M.
Published: April 2022

Salah satu cara untuk mengatasi keterbatasan penyediaan hijauan pakan dapat dilakukan upaya pengawetan hijauan pakan diantaranya penerapan teknologi fermentasi melalui proses ensilase untuk menghasilkan silase. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh lama pemeraman yang berbeda terhadap kualitas fisik dan pH silase sorgum.  Menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 5 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan.  Perlakuan yaitu lama pemeraman terdiri atas, P1: 7 hari, P2: 14 hari, P3: 21 hari, P4: 28 hari, dan P5: 35 hari. Variabel yang diukur yaitu: kandungan bahan kering, pH dan kualitas fisik dilihat dari warna, tekstur, bau/aroma. Hasil analisis keragaman menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan lama pemeraman memberikan pengaruh yang berbeda sangat nyata (P<0,01) terhadap kandungan bahan kering, warna, tekstur, bau dan pH silase. Hasil uji BNJ menunjukkan bahwa lama pemeraman 28 hari menghasilkan kandungan bahan kering yang sangat nyata (P<0,01) lebih tinggi dari lama pemeraman 7 hari dan 14 hari,  tetapi memberikan pengaruh yang berbeda tidak nyata (P>0,05) dengan lama pemeraman 21 hari dan 35 hari. Uji BNJ menunjukkan bahwa lama pemeraman 7 hari (P1) menghasilkan warna, bau, tekstur dan pH yang sangat nyata (P<0,01) lebih tinggi dari lama pemeraman 35 hari, tetapi memberikan pengaruh yang berbeda tidak nyata (P>0,05) dengan lama pemeraman 14 hari, 21 hari dan 28 hari.  Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa lama pemeraman 28 hari silase sorgum varietas samurai 2 ratun ke 1  menghasilkan silase yang berkualitas baik berdasarkan kandungan bahan kering, pH dan kualitas  fisik  (warna, bau, tekstur).Kata Kunci : sorgum, lama pemeraman, bahan kering, kualitas fisik
Performa reproduksi sapi perah betina Peranakan Friesien Holstein (PFH) di Balai Pengembangan Bibit dan Pakan Ternak Tampusu
Authors: Alexander C.J.J. , Ngangi L.R. , Hendrik M.J. , Turangan S.H. , Sondakh E.H.B.
Published: April 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui performa reproduksi sapi perah Peranakan Friesien Holstein yang ada di Balai Pengembangan Bibit dan Pakan Ternak Tampusu. Penelitian ini menggunakan ternak berjumlah 19 ekor ternak sapi perah peranakan Frisien Holstein yang berumur antara 3-9 tahun. Ternak-ternak tersebut sudah pernah dilakukan inseminasi buatan (IB) dan beranak (partus). Pakan yang diberikan terdiri dari 80% hijauan dan 20% konsentrat. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan wawancara langsung kepada beberapa pengawas kendang dengan menggunakan kuisioner. Informasi yang diperoleh berkaitan dengan data-data reproduksi yang terdiri dari service per conception (S/C), calving interval (CI) dan days open (DO). Sampel  sebanyak 19 ekor ternak, diperoleh hasil data reproduksinya sebagai hasil penelitian terdiri dari service per conception sebanyak 1,7±0,71 kali, lamanya calving interval yaitu 13,2±0,65 bulan dan days open selama 86±6,38 hari. Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa sapi perah betina Peranakan Friesien Holstein (PFH) yang ada di Balai Pengembangan Bibit dan Pakan Ternak Tampusu mempunyai service per conception pendek, calving interval sedikit panjang dan days open pendek.Kata Kunci : performa reproduksi, sapi Peranakan Fries Holstein, peternakan sapi perah Tampusu
Karakteristik fisikokimia dan evaluasi sensori burger daging sapi menambahkan bubuk cengkih (Syzgium aromaticum)
Authors: Rumondor D.B.J. , Tinangon R.M.
Published: April 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan bubuk cengkeh (Syzgium aromaticum) pada burger daging sapi terhadap karakteristik fisikokimia dan evaluasi sensorik burger daging sapi.Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan 4 perlakuan dan 4 ulanga.Perlakuannya adalah: R0 = burger sapi saja (kontrol), R1= 0,50% bubuk cengkeh (CP), R2= 0,75% CP, dan R3=1% CP untuk burger sapi. Bahan-bahan yang digunakan dalam pembuatan burger adalah bawang merah, bawang putih, bawang merah, pala, gula pasir, garam, tepung tapioka, susu bubuk skim, mentega, kuning telur, dan bubuk cengkeh. Variabel yang diamati dalam penelitian ini adalah karakteristik fisikokimia (pH, daya ikat air, dan susut masak) dan penilaian sensoris (rasa, warna, aroma, rasa) burger daging sapi. Analisis sensori dilakukan oleh 20 orang panelis tidak terlatih dari Fakultas Peternakan. Analisis varian satu arah (ANOVA) dan uji jarak berganda Duncan dilakukan untuk menganalisis pengaruh perlakuan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan serbuk cengkeh tidak memberikan pengaruh yang nyata (P>0,05) terhadap nilai pH, kadar air, daya ikat air, dan susut masak. Selain itu, penambahan bubuk cengkeh meningkatkan rasa burger, tetapi mengurangi warna burger. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa penambahan bubuk cengkeh 1% memberikan perlakuan terbaik pada penilaian karakteristik fisikokimia dan sensoris terhadap kualitas burger.Kata kunci:  Bubuk cengkeh , burger daging sapi, karakteristik fisikokimia, evaluasi sensori
Penggunaan tepung daun pandan wangi (Pandanus amarylifolius roxb) pada ransum ayam petelur terhadap kualitas internal telur
Authors: Pilat Ch.I.J , Leke J.R. , Sarajar C.L.K.
Published: April 2022

Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui level penggunaan tepung daun pandan wangi (Pandanus amarylifolius Roxb) dalam ransum terhadap kualitas internal telur. Penelitian ini menggunakan 100 ekor ayam petelur MB 402 umur 83 minggu. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 5 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan, jika terdapat perbedaan dilanjutkan dengan uji jarak berganda Duncan’s. Perlakuan yakni R0 = Ransum Basal 100 %, R1 = Ransum Basal 99 % + 1 % TDP, R2 = Ransum Basal 98 % + 2 % TDP, R3 = Ransum Basal 97% + 3% TDP, dan R4 = Ransum Basal 96% + 4% TDP. Variabel yang diamati yakni berat kuning telur, indeks kuning telur dan warna kuning telur. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan tepung daun pandan wangi pada ransum ayam petelur memberikan pengaruh berbeda tidak nyata (P > 0,05) terhadap berat kuning dan indeks kuning telur, tetapi berbeda nyata (P <0,01) terhadap warna kuning telur. Berdasarkan hasil dan pembahasan untuk semua variabel penelitian maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan tepung daun pandan wangi sampai dengan taraf 4% pada ransum ayam petelur dapat meningkatkan kualitas warna kuning telur dan memberikan hasil yang sama pada berat kuning telur dan indeks kuning telur.Kata Kunci: Ayam petelur, Daun pandan wangi, Kualitas internal telur
Hubungan bobot lahir dengan bobot sapih, litter size sapihan, dan mortalitas pada Peternakan Babi “Degloty”
Authors: Polii O.H. , Rawung V.R.W. , Paath J.F. , Soputan J.E.M.
Published: April 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan bobot lahir dengan bobot sapih, litter size sapihan, dan mortalitas anak babi di peternakan babi Degloty. Materi yang digunakan adalah 47 ekor anak babi dari 5 ekor induk babi bunting hasil persilangan Landrace dan Yorkshire. Data penelitian ini diperoleh  dari penimbangan anak babi yang baru lahir (Bobot lahir), penimbangan saat anak babi disapih (bobot sapih), jumlah anak babi yang hidup sampai disapih (litter size sapihan), dan data anak babi yang mati sejak lahir sampai disapih. Selanjutnya data hasil penelitian dianalisis secara statistik menggunakan analisis korelasi regresi sederhana antara bobot lahir dengan masing-masing variabel yang diukur yakni bobot sapih dan litter size sapihan, sedangkan  mortalitas menggunakan analisis deskriptif persentase. Variabel yang diukur dalam penelitian ini yaitu bobot sapih, litter size sapihan, dan mortalitas. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa bobot lahir sangat mempengaruhi bobot sapih 83% dan sisanya 17% bobot sapih dipengaruhi oleh faktor lainnya sedangkan litter size sapihan dipengaruhi oleh bobot lahir sebesar 65%, dan 35% dipengaruhi oleh faktor lainnya. Hasil pengukuran mortalitas adalah 6.3% angka ini cukup baik. Kesimpulannya adalah bobot sapih dan litter size anak babi pada Peternakan Babi Degloty dipengruhi oleh bobot lahir, sedangkan mortalitas anak babi pada penelitian ini rendahKata Kunci : Anak babi, bobot lahir, bobot sapih, litter size sapihan, mortalitas
Gambaran ketertarikan masyarakat Kelurahan Tuminting terhadap pengembangan usaha burung puyuh sebagai daya dukung ekonomi di masa new normal
Authors: Kiroh H.J. , Sondakh E.H.B. , Rimbing S.C.
Published: April 2022

REFLECTION OF INTEREST OF THE TUMINTING VILLAGE COMMUNITY TOWARDS THE DEVELOPMENT OF QUAIL BUSINESS AS A SOLUTION TO SUPPORT THE FAMILY ECONOMY IN THE NEW NORMAL. The purpose of the study was to explore the level of interest of the Tuminting Village community towards the development of quail business as a solution to support the family economy and to find an overview of the basic understandings that the Tuminting Village community had known if their quail farming business would be developed with simple technology. The variables measured in the community were: level of education, community work and income, community interest in quail business, understanding of village officials on quail farming. The data or information collected was analyzed simply by calculating the percentage and then presented in the form of a bar chart, while the results of other observations would be described descriptively, including describing things that were seen and received directly from the community as the object under study. The results of the research on public interest in quail business showed that there were around 32.02% interested in developing quail cultivation in the New Normal Covid-19 period. The level of basic understanding of the Tuminting Village community towards quail development efforts from the results of the study was shown to be 51.09%. Meanwhile, the understanding of village officials in supporting quail farming by the community illustrated that more than 56.25% did not understand, but they strongly support the development of quail cultivation and the value was around 84.75%. The conclusion was that although the number of people who did not understand was still very high, they still have a high interest in participating and in developing the quail farming business as a support for the family economy during the New Normal Covid-19 period.Keywords: Community interest, village officials, quail, new normal covid-19
Keragaan agronomi sorgum varietas pahat fase soft dough dengan kepadatan tanam benih dalam lubang berbeda
Authors: Umboh E.S. , Sumolang C.I.J. , Telleng M.M.
Published: April 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keragaan agronomi sorgum varietas Pahat fase soft dough yang ditanam dengan kepadatan tanam benih dalam lubang berbeda. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari 4 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan sehingga diperoleh 20 satuan percobaan. Perlakuan yang diberikan yaitu tingkat kepadatan tanam yang terdiri dari KT1 = 1 benih/lubang, KT2 = 2 benih/lubang, KT3 = 3 benih/lubang, dan  KT4  = 4 benih/lubang. Variabel yang diukur terdiri dari tinggi tanaman, diameter batang, jumlah daun, lebar daun, dan panjang daun. Hasil analisis keragaman menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan memberikan pengaruh berbeda sangat nyata (P<0,01) terhadap tinggi tanaman, diameter batang, jumlah daun, lebar daun, dan panjang daun. Uji lanjut BNJ menunjukkan bahwa tingkat kerapatan tanam KT2 memiliki tinggi tanaman, diameter batang, jumlah daun, lebar daun, dan panjang daun yang sangat nyata (P<0,01) lebih tinggi dari tingkat kerapatan tanam KT1 dan KT4. Sedangkan KT2 memiliki tinggi tanaman, diameter batang, jumlah daun, lebar daun, dan panjang daun yang berbeda tidak nyata (P>0,05) dengan KT3. Dari hasil penelitian ini disimpulkan bahwa tingkat kerapatan tanam KT2 (2 benih/lubang) memberikan hasil terbaik pada karakter agronomi sorgum varietas Pahat fase soft dough.Kata Kunci : karakter agronomi, sorgum Pahat, Kerapatan tanam,
Analisis pendapatan peternak sapi di Desa Saleo Kecamatan Bolangitang Timur Kabupaten Bolaang Mongondow Utara
Authors: Danupoyo C M , Rorimpandey B , Elly F H
Published: April 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis besar pendapatan peternak sapi dan pengaruh variabel-variabel (jumlah kepemilikan ternak, biaya pakan, biaya tenaga kerja dan pengalaman beternak) terhadap pendapatan peternak sapi di Desa Saleo Kecamatan Bolangitang Timur Kabupaten Bolaang Mongondow Utara. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Desa Saleo dengan waktu penelitian selama satu bulan yaitu dari bulan Januari – Februari 2021. Pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik wawancara pada responden peternak sapi dengan menggunakan kuisioner yang telah disiapkan. Penentuan sampel adalah purposive sampling yaitu teknik penentuan sampel dengan pertimbangan tertentu sesuai dengan tujuan penelitian, atas dasar pertimbangan bahwa petani peternak memiliki minimal 2 ekor ternak sapi dan minimal sudah 3 tahun beternak. Jumlah pendapatan petani peternak sapi di Desa Saleo Kecamatan Bolangitang Timur Kabupaten Bolaang Mongondow Utara rata-rata dalam setahun sebesar Rp. 23.573.167. Secara simultan variabel jumlah ternak sapi, variabel biaya pakan, variabel biaya tenaga kerja serta variabel pengalaman beternak berpengaruh nyata terhadap pendapatan peternak sapi sedangkan secara parsial variabel biaya pakan dan pengalaman beternak tidak nyata berpengaruh terhadap pendapatan.
Keanekaragaman capung di Sungai Rayow, Desa Kembes, Kecamatan Tombulu, Kabupaten Minahasa
Authors: Pelealu G.V.E. , Nangoy M.J. , Tarore D.
Published: April 2022

Capung merupakan kelompok serangga yang termasuk dalam filum arthropoda dan tergolong dalam ordo odonata. Keanekaragaman capung dalam ekosistem memiliki peranan yang besar seperti: sebagai salah satu komponen keanekaragaman hayati yang memegang peranan penting dalam rantai makanan, sebagai musuh alami, dan sebagai indikator kualitas lingkungan perairan. Sungai Rayow merupakan salah satu habitat capung. Sungai ini terletak di desa Kembes, Kabupaten minahasa, Provinsi Sulawesi Utara. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis keanekaragaman jenis capung di sungai Rayow, Kembes, Minahasa. Prosedur penelitian yang digunakan meliputi survey lokasi penelitian, menentukan titik pengambilan sampel, pengambilan sampel, dan identifikasi di laboratorium dengan menggunakan buku identifikasi. Penelitian dilapangan menggunakan metode purposive random sampling. Analisis data meliputi kelimpahan (N), indeks kekayaan jenis (R), indeks Keanekaragaman jenis (H’), dan indeks kemerataan (E). indeks keanekaragaman jenis menggunakan indeks Shanon-wienner. Hasil penelitian ditemukan kelimpahan capung yang ditemukan di sungai Rayow sebanyak 1002 individu, yang terdiri dari 2 sub ordo, 6 familli, 13 genus, dan 21 jenis capung. Indeks keanekaragaman jenis capung tertinggi ditemukan di sungai Kawasan hutan sekunder sebesar 2,67 selanjutnya diikuti sungai area perkebunan 2,57, dan indeks keanekaragaman terendah ditemukan disungai Kawasan pemukiman 2,28. Kesimpulan berdasarkan penelitian capung yang ditemukan di sungai Rayow, Kembes, Minahasa terdiri dari 21 jenis capung. Indeks keanekaragaman capung tertinggi ditemukan pada stasiun 1 yaitu di sungai ekosistem hutan sekunder 2,67 kemudian diikuti oleh sungai Kawasan perkebunan 2,57 dan yang terendah ditemukan di sungai area pemukiman 2,28. Indeks keanekaragaman jenis capung di sungai Rayow, Kembes, Minahasa dikategorikan keanekaragaman sedang.Kata kunci: Capung, Indeks keanekaragaman, Sungai Rayow
Analisis pendapatan pedagang daging Babi di Pasar Tradisional Kota Pematangsiantar Provinsi Sumatera Utara
Authors: Sipayung Y D , Wantasen E , Kalangi L S
Published: April 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pendapatan pedagang daging babi di Pasar Tradisional Kota Pematangsiantar pada masa pandemi Covid-19. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data primer dan data sekunder. Penentuan lokasi sampel di Pasar Horas dan Pasar Parluasan menggunakan metode Purposive Sampling. Jumlah pedagang di kedua pasar yaitu 40 pedagang, dimana 17 pedagang dari Pasar Horas dan 23 pedagang dari Pasar Parluasan. Seluruh pedagang daging babi di kedua pasar ini dipilih menjadi responden (Total Sampling). Analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis deskriptif kualitatif serta menggunakan analisis regresi data panel. Pendapatan pedagang daging babi mengalami penurunan sebesar 36 % pada saat pandemi Covid-19. Berdasarkan hasil analisis regresi dapat disimpulkan bahwa biaya pemasaran, jumlah pembeli dan dummy covid-19 berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pendapatan pedagang sedangkan curahan waktu kerja tidak memberikan pengaruh yang singnifikan terhadap pendapatan pedagang daging babi di Pasar Tradisional Kota Pematangsiantar.
Preferensi pakan kelelawar Pteropus alecto di penangkaran/ex situ
Authors: Ransaleleh T.A. , Kristi F.A. , Kawatu M.M.H. , Nangoy M.J.
Published: April 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari serta mengetahui preferensi  pakan yang dikonsumsi Pteropus alecto di penangkaran/ex-situ. Pakan yang diberikan selama penelitian adalah buah pepaya, pisang dan mangga yang sudah matang,  Materi penelitian yang digunakan yaitu sembilan ekor kelelawar Pteropus alecto yang terdiri dari empat ekor jantan dan lima ekor  betina yang dipelihara dalam kandang dengan menggunakan metode observasi. Hasil penelitian diperoleh: a. total konsumsi pakan sebanyak 7530 g/hari, b. persentase konsumsi buah pisang (26,07 %), buah pepaya (22,36 %) dan buah mangga  (18,47%), c. preferensi buah pisang (0.782), buah pepaya (0.670) dan buah mangga (0.554), d. buah yang pertama kali dipilih kelelawar Pteropus alecto untuk di konsumsi pada minggu pertama yaitu buah pepaya, minggu kedua sampai ke empat terjadi perubahan dimana kelelawar Pteropus alecto lebih memilih buah pisang untuk dikonsumsi pertama kali. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa preferensi pakan kelelawar pemakan buah (Pteropus alecto) di penangkaran/ex-situ secara berurutan adalah buah pisang, pepaya dan mangga.Kata kunci : Preferensi pakan, Pteropus alecto, Penangkaran/ex-situ
Preventive Practices on Hepatitis B among the Stuff of Dental Faculty of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University
Authors: Akter Dr. Shahida , Ali Dr. Md. Yousuf , Mahmud Dr. Chowdhury Iqbal , Islam Md. Ashraful , Akter Dr. Khaleda , Akter Dr Rozina
Published: April 2022

Background: The study was designed to explore the preventive practices of hepatitis B among the stuff of Dental faculty of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, (BSMMU) Dhaka. Methods: This cross-sectional observational type of study was conducted at Dental department of BSMMU, Dhaka from October 2008 to March 2009. All the staff of this Department was enrolled as study population. Total 150 stuffs of the Dental faculty were selected purposively. The study was conducted through direct face to face interview using an interview schedule during the study period. Results: Out of all patients 28.3% were age group of <35 years, 30.0% were of 36 to 45 years, 30.0% of 46 to 55 years and 11.7% above 56 years age group. Male and female ratio was 3: I. Out of all staffs 33.3% were dentists, 20.0% were dental assistants and 46.7% were nurses and others. All dentists were graduated above and all dental assistants were educated up to higher secondary level. Among all nurses 35.7% were educated up to secondary level, 46.42% higher secondary and 17.86% graduate or above level. Approximately half of the dentists were engaged in the profession not more than 5 years, 27.5% for 6 to 10 years, 17.5% 11 to 15 years and 10.0% >16 years. Among dental assistants 66.67% practiced for <5 years, 33.33% for 6 to 10 years and among nurses and others 64.28% practiced for <5 years, 35.71% for 6 to 10 years. 60.8% of all dental staffs were vaccinated for HBV, out of them 97.5% were dentists, 58.33% of dental assistants and 46.42% of nurses and other dental staffs. Level of vaccination of dental staffs was significantly higher among dentists than other dental staffs. Conclusion: About sixty one percent of dental health care workers did not receive the vaccine against HBV infection. Basic barrier techniques to prevent cross­ contamination were not being used consistently. Nationwide guidelines for barrier techniques and hepatitis vaccinations should be developed and disseminated to dental ...
Forensic Autopsy Findings in Determination of the Risk Factors of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome
Authors: S Shabnam , J Naiem , MS Islam , S Banu
Published: April 2022

Introduction: Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) occurs when a seemingly healthy newborn under the age of one year dies unexpectedly while sleeping. SIDS is often known as crib death because neonates usually die in their cribs. Even after a thorough forensic examination and death site investigation, the general diagnosis of SIDS is made when the cause of infant death cannot be determined. According to the 1969 definition, SIDS is still an excluding diagnosis. Despite the fact that this syndrome has various distinguishing characteristics, such as an age distribution that only affects children under the age of one year and an apparent incidence during sleep, there has been a reluctance to include these characteristics in the classification. The aim of the study was to better understand the risk factors of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). Methods: This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted at the Department of Forensic Medicine, Pabna Medical College Hospital, Pabna, from March 2020 to April 2021, and the participants of the study were 25 sudden and unidentified infant death cases at the study hospital whose guardians had given authorization for inclusion in the study. Result: The male: female ratio of the present study was 1.27:1. 60% of the participants had died while at home, and no information regarding the activity of infant at time of death was available for 56% of cases. Initial forensic analysis confirmed SIDS in 76% of the cases. Among the SIDS cases, majority had no observable risk factors, but family history of ailments and habits such as heart disorders, respiratory distress and smoking were determined as possible risk factors. Previous history of SIDS in family was also considered as a risk factor. Conclusion: The location of the infants at the time of death is very important in properly determining cause of death. Better observation of the infants can help in conducting a proper forensic analysis.
Workplace Violence against Nursing Student and Nurses: in Taif Mental Health Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: Almalki Mohammed , Alfaki Mysara
Published: April 2022

Background: Nursing students and nurses have been subjected to workplace violence has become another challenge at medical care facilities. The issue isn't restricted to specific parts of the world; its pervasiveness is expanding around the world. Objectives: to look at impact and consequences of violence among nurses and nursing students to make a preventive strategy and assess the phenomenon. Material and Methods: In Taif's mental health hospital, a cross-sectional hospital-based survey was conducted. At the end of data collection period, 203 of 415 nurses consented to complete a survey that included questions about violence, result of violence, reaction and action of violence. This group was compared with 21 5th years nursing students from Al-Taif university (94.4 rate of participation). Results: The %age of nurses and nursing students who reported at least one unsettling scene of physical violence in clinical settings during their lifetime was 56 % for nurses and 38 % for nursing students. More physical attacks, according to nurses 56%, threats 26% and abuse 8% during the past a year than students. Both nurses and students were generally attacked or annoyed by patients or their family members and companions (“external” violence). The majority of nurses were assaulted or harassed by Verbal threat/aggression and Scratching/pinching Students, on the other hand, frequently reported physical violence by Slapping/hitting. Nurses were mostly Handled the situation themselves whereas students often Call for help and/or activated alarm. Over more regarding result of aggression nurses were mostly feel fear and irritation whereas students feel anxious and helplessness. Conclusions: Preventive activity is critically required to control client-to laborer and staff-to-staff savagery in hospitals and clinics. Clinical Relevance: Not as it were medical attendants, but moreover nursing understudies, Multilevel projects of viciousness anticipation would be beneficial.
Dynamic Profile and Clinical Implications of Hematological Parameters in Pregnant Women with COVID-19
Authors: Islam Dr. Md. Shafiqul , Haque Dr. Nasreen , Ahmed Dr. Shahnaz , Khanom Dr. Rebeka , Momtaz Dr. Khandker Rokhsana , Choudhury Dr. Farzana Rabee , Islam Dr. Md. Tajul
Published: April 2022

Background: In the COVID-19 pandemic, the prevention and control of COVID-19 infection are extremely important. Therefore, laboratory indicators are needed that can detect pregnant patients with mild symptoms or no symptoms at the time of admission to the hospital and ensure that these patients are separated from the healthy population. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the dynamic and clinical implication of hematologic parameters in pregnant women with COVID-19. Methods: The present study adopted the observational method and analysis of the haematological indices in pregnant women. The test group comprised 55 pregnant women with covid19 infection who admitted at the Mugda Medical college Hospital for treatment of COVID-19 complications, management of pregnancy complications and delivery. Result: The result of the blood RBC 46(83.64%), PCV/Hct 47(85.4%), Platelets count 19(34.55%), WBC 11(20%), MCV 12(21.82%), Lymphocytes 11(20%) showed a significant decrease among the group, while Neutrophil 8(14.55%) increased. Conclusion: The study concluded that pregnancy in women with COVID-19 has the tendency to alter haematological indices.
Comparison of Dexamethasone with Local Anesthetic versus Local Anesthetic for Laparoscopic Port Infiltration to Assess Effectiveness as Post-operative Analgesia
Authors: Hoque Md. Ariful , Islam Mohammad Moinul , Bashar Muhammad Khairul , Hossain Moazzem , Ahmed Suhel , Sunzee Esrat Zahan
Published: April 2022

Background: Early postoperative pain remains the most prevalent complaint after any surgery. Besides conventional analgesic medications, subcutaneous infiltration has been established as a reliable pain relief technique. The addition of dexamethasone to local anesthetic (example: bupivacaine, lidocaine) can also be used as it has some beneficial effects compared to the use of bupivacaine only. Aim of the study: The objective of this study was to evaluate the duration of analgesic effects of dexamethasone with local anesthetic as compared to local anesthetic in the post-operative patient. Methods: This randomized controlled trial study was conducted in among 60 patients who underwent Laparoscopic cholecystectomy. This study was conducted from January 2019 to June 2019. All patients who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy surgery were selected by purposive sampling. Data were compiled, edited, analyzed. The SPSS version 23 was used for data analysis. Results: Most of the patients in Group 2 have a long analgesia effect (NRS score more than 5), delay requirement of first rescue analgesia. NRS (Numerical Rating Scale) scores in Group 2 were persistently lower than that of Group 1. This revealed that the combination of Bupivacaine and Dexamethasone is quite effective in reducing port site pain in comparison to Bupivacaine (P=<0.001).
Oligometastatic Prostate Cancer: Definition and Treatment Considerations: A Review of the Literature
Authors: Abdelali El Matlini , Yassine Bouchabaka , Mehdi Raouah , Oumayma Bounid , Mouna Darfaoui , Abdelhamid El Omrani , Mouna Khouchani
Published: April 2022

Background: Oligometastatic disease state is a recent concept of metastatic cancer defined as an intermediate of spread between localized and widely spread metastases. Oligometastatic prostate cancer (PCa) is being diagnosed with a greater frequency during the last decade. Multiple modalities of management of oligometastatic PCa are proposed from targeting all sites of metastases to the treatment of the primary. Objective: To review the literature regarding management of oligometastatic PCa. Method: PubMed and ScienceDirect electronic databases were queried for English and French language from 2014 to 2021. Keywords use included "cancer de prostate, oligométastases, oligometastasis and prostate cancer". Preclinical, prospective and retrospective studies were included. Result & discussion: There were rare published randomized controlled trials evaluating the treatment of oligometastatic PCa. Prospective and retrospective data suggest benefit of primary tumor treatment and Metastasis-directed therapy (MDT), especially using stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT). Oligometastatic PCa was defined by number of metastatic lesions clinically evident or radiographically detected (3 to 5). Treatment of the primary (radical prostatectomy or radiotherapy) was associated to a better local control, cancer specific survival, and longer median time to castration resistant PCa. MDT using SBRT has improved distant progression-free survival (DPFS), local progression-free survival (LPFS) in many studies. Conclusions: Available data suggest that local therapies such as prostatectomy and radiotherapy can be performed safely and might prevent the need for future palliative treatments. Similarly, MDT such as SBRT carry a low risk of toxic effects and provides excellent local control. Further trials are necessary and should aim to report outcomes in a consistent and systematic manner.
Understanding Predictors of Response to Repository Corticotropin Injection
Treatment Among Patients With Advanced Symptomatic Sarcoidosis
Authors: Bindra Jas , Chopra Ishveen , Hayes Kyle , Niewoehner John , Panaccio Mary P. , Wan George J.
Published: April 2022

Background: Sarcoidosis, an inflammatory systemic granulomatous disease, affects multiple organs and has a diverse clinical course. Repository corticotropin injection (RCI) is an effective treatment for advanced symptomatic sarcoidosis. Since sarcoidosis affects patients differently, treatment response may vary by patient demographic, clinical, and treatment-related characteristics and physician specialty. However, there is a paucity of literature regarding predictors of sarcoidosis treatment response.

Objectives: This study investigated predictors of response to RCI treatment.

Methods: Post-hoc analysis was conducted using data from a previously published retrospective cross-sectional chart review study among symptomatic sarcoidosis patients ≥18 years of age previously treated with RCI. Outcome improvement 3 months post-RCI treatment was based on the clinician’s subjective evaluation and analyzed using adjusted logistic regression. The most influential predictors for each outcome were based on statistical significance (P<.05) and the strength of the relationship assessed by the standardized β coefficients.

Results: The top predictors of outcome improvements were as follows. Global health assessment: (1) improvement in current health status influenced by complete RCI compliance, moderate overall symptom severity, and presence of extrapulmonary sites; and (2) improvement in overall symptoms influenced by age, shorter duration since sarcoidosis diagnosis, and complete RCI compliance. Clinical outcomes: (1) lung function improvement influenced by mild weight loss, mild wheezing/coughing, and non–African American race; (2) reduction in pulmonary fibrosis influenced by moderate overall symptom severity, mild wheezing/coughing, and mild weight loss; and (3) reduction in inflammation influenced by physician specialty, completing a course of RCI treatment, and moderate-to-severe night sweats. Patient-related outcomes: (1) reduction in fatigue influenced by physician specialty and moderate-to-severe fatigue; and (2) improvement in quality-of-life influenced by shorter duration since sarcoidosis diagnosis, moderate-to-severe wheezing/coughing, and complete RCI compliance. Corticosteroid discontinuation/reduction was influenced by physician specialty, moderate-to-severe shortness of breath, and comedication use before RCI.

Conclusions: RCI may be a better treatment option for patients with more severe disease, primarily those presenting with symptoms. Complete compliance with RCI treatment may improve patients’ health and quality of life. Understanding factors that influence RCI effectiveness across different treatment outcomes in real-world clinical practice is important for designing optimal sarcoidosis treatment strategies.
Optimal Approach for Addressing Reinforcement Corrosion for Concrete Bridge Decks in Illinois
Authors:   Illinois Institute of Technology, Gombeda Matthew , Rivera Estevan ,   Illinois Institute of Technology, Lallas Zoe ,   Illinois Institute of Technology
Published: April 2022

This report presents the results of a comprehensive literature review focusing on corrosion performance of reinforced concrete bridge decks, with a particular emphasis on the relative performance of alternative corrosion-resistant reinforcement types. Examples of alternative corrosion-protection options examined herein include epoxy-coated, galvanized, stainless-steel, and A1035 bars, considering conventional black reinforcing bars as the standard. Based upon the results of the literature review, a framework for determining the optimal reinforcement option for a bridge deck is presented as a function of the properties of each reinforcement type and other factors, such as design service life, location of the bridge, estimated maintenance/repair cycles, and relative costs. Several examples are also provided to demonstrate the procedure for using the framework and its applicability for different bridge types with varying design considerations, such as a congested urban artery and a rural interstate. The literature review findings and the optimal approach framework were crafted for use by bridge design engineers as preliminary guidance when determining the type of reinforcement for a given bridge deck and its corresponding conditions. Furthermore, the approach can also be used by Illinois Department of Transportation officials when deciding whether to invest in higher performing corrosion-protection systems for a given application or for updating current bridge design policies to reflect the latest developments in alternative corrosion-resistant reinforcement options.
RECURSOS GENÉTICOS DE MILHO: IMPORTÂNCIA E USO NO MELHORAMENTO
Authors: França Teixeira Flavia , Dos Santos Trindade Roberto
Published: April 2022

A grande diversidade genética do milho faz com que ele seja cultivado em quase todo globo terrestre e utilizado de inúmeras formas. A alta tecnificação empregada no cultivo do milho engloba o uso de cultivares produtivas e uniformes em detrimento às cultivares tradicionais que guardam entre si maior diversidade genética. Com a tecnificação do cultivo do milho, a preservação dos recursos genéticos do milho em condições ex situ tornou-se prevalente a sua preservação in situ/on farm. As coleções de germoplasma de milho mantidas ex situ têm diversas funções e finalidades, entre elas, a coleção base visa a preservação a longo prazo; a coleção ativa, também chamada banco ativo de germoplasma de milho que visa a preservação a médio prazo, ambas, preservam variedades locais ou exóticas e cultivares obsoletas.  Ações de conservação, agregação de valor e promoção do uso de acessos preservados em bancos de germoplasma por meio da conservação on farm ou do melhoramento devem ser desenvolvidas de forma conjunta para atingir a adequada preservação de recursos genéticos, permitir o seu uso e ainda para permitir que variedades tradicionais voltem a sofrer pressão de seleção em campo possibilitando, desta forma, a evolução destas variedades e da cultura. O objetivo desse trabalho foi rever os recursos genéticos de milho desde a origem deste cereal até o uso da sua biodiversidade em programas de melhoramento com ênfase nas atividades desenvolvidas no âmbito do banco ativo de germoplasma de milho no Brasil preservado na Embrapa Milho e Sorgo em condições ex situ.
Climate Change Litigation in the Federal Courts: Jurisdictional Lessons from California v. BP
Authors: Seinfeld Gil
Published: April 2022

On March 21 of this year, something unusual took place at a U.S. courthouse in San Francisco: a group of scientists and attorneys provided Federal District Judge William H. Alsup with a crash course in climate science. The five-hour tutorial was ordered by Judge Alsup in connection with a lawsuit that had been filed by the cities of Oakland and San Francisco (“the Cities”) against the world’s five largest producers of fossil fuels. The central issue in the case is whether the energy companies can be held liable for continuing to market fossil fuels long after they learned that such fuels contribute to climate change. As you might expect, the lawsuit has attracted a great deal of attention. There are billions of dollars at stake in this case alone, and if the Cities secure a favorable verdict, hordes of public and private plaintiffs will surely follow suit. The case thus carries the potential to reallocate some of the massive social costs associated with climate change.
Rekonstruksi Aksin Wijaya atas Interpretasi Qs. an-Nisa’ [4]: 1 Sebuah Kritik atas Penafsiran Tekstualis Normatif dan Kontekstualis Progresif
Authors: Haitomi Faisal
Published: April 2022

Some scholars say that the biased interpretation of religion has contributed greatly to the gender discrimination that has occurred over the last few decades. Understanding of Qs. an-Nisa' [4]: 1 regarding the beginning of creation is alleged to be the starting point for discrimination in the name of gender. There are groups who are always at odds in understanding this verse, the first is the normative group which thinks that Eve was created from Adam's rib, while the rational group thinks that Eve was not created from Adam's rib but from one kind (nafsun wahidah). But on the other hand, Aksin Wijaya denied the two groups, because according to him the two groups had misunderstood the spirit of the verse. The method used in this paper is library research with historical analysis as the approach used. This research concludes that human social status is not determined by gender, but by devotion to God. Because in Qs. an-Nisa' [4]: 1 the right emphasis is not on the sentence "nafsun wahidah" but on the sentence "ittaqullah". Because this verse was revealed in Medina even though it is linguistically categorized as a Meccan verse because it uses the initial redaski "ya ayyuhan nas".
رَسْمُ الـمُصحَفِ وَضَبْطُهُ: دراسَةٌ مُقارَنةٌ بين مُصحفِ المدينةِ المنوَّرَةِ ومصحفِ منارة قُدُس-إندونيسيا
Authors: N Abd Muid , B Muhaemin , Al-Kannash Ahmad Samir
Published: April 2022

Tulisan ini membahas tentang perbandingan penulisan mushaf Menara Kudus, Indonesia dan mushaf Madinah. Mushaf Madinah merujuk kepada rasm utsmani. Sementara mushaf Kudus dalam beberapa hal berbeda, yang sesungguhnya ada saling pengaruh dan memengaruhi antara keduanya dari sisi penulisan dan pemberian harakat. Pada sisi lain, mushaf Madinah dan Mushaf Kudus berbeda dari sisi metode. Mushaf Madinah berpegang kepada simbol-simbol hukum tajwidnya. Sementara mushaf Kudus menyebutkan nama-nama hukum tajwidnya. Kemunculan mushaf Kudus lebih dahulu daripada mushaf Madinah
PENGARUH KONSERVATISME AKUNTANSI DAN PERPUTARAN PIUTANG TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN DENGAN CORPORATE GOVERNANCE SEBAGAI VARIABEL MODERASI
Authors: Warseno  , Dharmendra  , Susmita Handayani
Published: April 2022

Penelitian ini menguji pengaruh return on equity, current ratio dan penilaian lingkungan hidup terhadap nilai perusahaan dengan price earnings ratio sebagai variabel intervening yang di fokuskan pada perusahaan yang menerapkan akuntansi akresi pada tahun 2010-2015. Menggunakan data sekunder berupa laporan keuangan tahunan perusahaan dan laporan kinerja lingkungan yang dipublikasikan oleh kementrian lingkungan hidup. Hasil proses seleksi sampel memperoleh 89 sampel yang terdiri dari 22 perusahaan. Metode analisis data menggunakan analisis jalur. Hasil analisis menunjukkan current ratio berpengaruh terhadap price earnings ratio dan return saham, penilaian lingkungan hidup berpengaruh terhadap price earnings ratio tetapi penilaian lingkungan hidup tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap return saham. Sedangkan return on equity tidak mampu mempengaruhi variabel price earnings ratio dan return saham.
Gestion locale de l’eau et changement climatique : des outils apportés par le projet européen LIFE Eau&Climat
Authors: SIAUVE S. , BORNANCIN A.
Published: April 2022

Adaptation to climate change is an important and now recognised issue in the sustainable
management of water resources. The adaptation of territories at local level is essential, in addition to actions
at basin, national and European levels. This is the main objective of the LIFE Eau&Climat project, which
started on 1 September 2020 and involves 14 scientific, technical and territorial partners. This 4-year project
is co-financed by the European Commission, the French water agencies and Ademe. It aims to enable local
water management stakeholders – the SAGE (schéma d’aménagement et de gestion des eaux) structures
and their CLE (commissions locales de l’eau)- – to assess the effects of climate change on their territories,
to take them into account in their planning tools and to implement adaptation measures despite the existing
uncertainties. To achieve this result, three strategic objectives have been defined: 1) to mobilise stakeholders
by raising their awareness of climate change issues in order to promote the emergence of local dynamics
(guide, recommendations and testimonies) and by providing them with suitable tools to enable them to
assess the vulnerabilities of their territory and to plan adaptation trajectories, 2) improve access to data on
climate change and its impacts on water (DRIAS-Eau portal) and 3) accelerate the transfer of knowledge
between researchers and managers in order to optimise the appropriation of scientific results (white paper
on the conditions for hydro-climatic modelling at the local scale). As the project is ongoing, the aim here is
to present a few examples of the actions carried out on the 21 SAGEs involved in the project, and to inform
all the other French SAGEs of the tools and guides that have been developed or are in the process of being
developed and which could be useful to them.
Prediksi Pemakaian Obat Kronis Menggunakan Metode Monte Carlo
Authors: Mulia Jefri Rahmad , Nurcahyo Gunadi Widi
Published: April 2022

Rumah sakit merupakan salah satu tempat yang dikunjungi untuk mendapatkan pelayanan pengobatan, rumah sakit juga menyediakan pelayanan pengobatan berupa pemeriksaan fisik, pemeriksaan penunjang dan juga pelayanan farmasi untuk mendapatkan obat. Pelayanan farmasi di rumah sakit dijalankan oleh suatu unit atau instalasi yang pada umumnya disebut Instalasi Farmasi. Instalasi Farmasi harus menjamin terpenuhinya kebutuhan pasokan obat secara optimal, agar tidak terjadi penumpukan maupun kekurangan stok obat. Manajemen persediaan obat menjadi sangat krusial karena Instalasi Farmasi memainkan peran penting dalam menunjang pendapatan (revenue) rumah sakit. Perencanaan yang baik juga harus diiringi dengan pengelolaan dan pemantauan (controlling) stok obat tepat serta evalusi secara berkala. Dukungan teknologi dan sistem informasi akan memudahkan tim manajemen dalam melakukan perencanaan, pengelolaan dan pemantauan serta evaluasi terhadap persediaan obat. Supaya rumah sakit dapat memberikan pelayanan yang baik bagi pasien maka perlu bagi rumah sakit memiliki persediaan obat yang dibutuhkan dalam jangka waktu tertentu sehingga kebutuhan pengobatan pasien dapat terpenuhi. Penelitian ini menggunakan data pemakaian obat kronis di RSI. Siti Rahma Padang yang diambil dari tahun 2017 sampai tahun 2019. Data yang diolah dalam penelitian sebanyak 12 jenis obat. Berdasarkan analisa terhadap data tersebut terdapat 5 jenis penyaki kronis. Selanjutnya data diolah menggunakan algoritma Monte Carlo. Hasil dari pengujian terhadap metode ini adalah untuk mendapatkan prediksi pemakaian obat kronis dengan tingkat akurasinya yang tepat. Dari hasil pengujian didapatkan 5 jenis obat yang tingkat akurasinya di atas 80% dan 7 jenis obat yang tingkat akurasinya di bawah 80% sehingga dapat membantu RSI.Siti Rahma dalam pengambilan keputusan dimasa yang akan datang.
Public transport accessibility: simulation of the usability of public transport in everyday situations
Authors: Bernard Josef
Published: April 2022

The article presents an innovative method of evaluating public transport accessibility. The evaluation is based on a simulation of the usability of public transport in real everyday situations. It measures the amount of time the residents of local communities need when they use public transport to reach various commonly used destinations at a specified time. The method’s main advantage is that it aims at reflecting everyday use of public transport. I demonstrate the use of the method by exploratory accessibility mapping, comparison of regions, and demonstration of the usability of partial indicators. Analysis results reveal the basic spatial patterns of public transport accessibility in Czechia: better accessibility in Moravia than Bohemia, good accessibility in the hinterland of large cities, and impaired accessibility in inner peripheries. Accessibility varies significantly depending on the time of day. The results also allow us to deduce how much of the population experience difficulties using public transport due to impaired accessibility.
Real-life experience of hepatitis C treatment in a Spanish prison
Authors: Tejera-Pérez Rosa Juana , Iglesias-Gómez Alicia , Oliva-Oliva Antonia , Rodríguez-Alonso Beatriz , Alonso-Sardón Montserrat , Sánchez Ledesma María , López-Bernus Amparo , Carbonell-Muñoz Cristina , Pendones Ulerio Josué , Muñoz-Bellido Juan Luis , Belhassen-García Moncef
Published: April 2022

Background. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a major public health problem that causes multiple comorbidities. People in prisons who inject intravenous drugs are at increased risk of HCV infection, and HCV infection is 15-fold more prevalent among prisoners compared with the community. The objective of this study was to analyse the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of residents of a Spanish prison with HCV infection who received antiviral treatment. Material and methods. An observational, descriptive and retrospective study was performed. All patients with HCV infection diagnosed or followed up in an Infectious Diseases attached to a penitentiary were included in this study. Results. Of 81 patients analysed, sixty-nine (83.1%) patients were male. The mean age was 50.1 (SD8.8) years, and 70% of the inmates had a history of injection drug use. Coinfection with HIV was detected in 30%. In up to 25% of the sample, there were data on chronic liver disease in the degree of liver cirrhosis. The diagnosis of HCV infection had been made more than 15 years earlier in 28% of those studied. Decompensations from liver disease, hepatocellular carcinoma, or hospital admissions were exceptional. Most of the inmates with HCV accepted treatment, and approximately 94% of the patients who completed treatment achieved a sustained virological response without interactions or complications of interest. Conclusions. The availability of direct-acting antivirals and their exceptional side effects constitute an opportunity to reduce the burden of HCV infection in Spain, particularly in these high-risk populations.