bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Alantolactone: A Potential Multitarget Drug candidate for Prevention of SARS-CoV-2 Cell Entry
Authors: Zafar Erum , Ahsan Zainab , Maqbool Muhammad Faisal , Zaman Aqsa , Gul Sameena , Maryam Amara , Khan Muhammad , Shakir Hafiz Abdullah , Irfan Muhammad
Published: August 2023

The novel strain of coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, has spread adverse effects on human health with high mortality rates worldwide. SARS-CoV-2 is a severe respiratory disease expressed through positive single stranded RNA enveloped virus. SARS-CoV-2 had affected globally and is influencing the economy as well. The rapidly spreading coronavirus infection has discombobulated the researchers in perpetuate search for different or effective therapeutic drugs.  Most of the connatural products are proposed to have significant clinical outcomes but their pathways of action are not clear. This molecular docking study presents alantolactone, a bio-active member of sesquiterpene family as a successful inhibitor of SARS-Cov-2 and human receptor proteins. Alantolactone shows high binding affinity with the SARS-CoV-2 target proteins such as spike glycoprotein (S-protein), nucleocapsid protein (N-protein), main protease (MPro), and papain-like protease (PLPro) with a binding affinity of -7.3 kcal/mol, -7.9 kcal/mol, -6.8 kcal/mol, and -7.1 kcal/mol, respectively as well as human receptor  proteins associated with the recognition, binding and biogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 such as angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE-2), receptor binding domain (S1-RBD) and ACE2 interphase, furin, adaptor-associated protein kinase 1 (AAK1), cyclin G-associated kinase (GAK), and both closed and open configurations of the two-pore channel (TPC2) with binding energies of -6.7 kcal/mol, - 6.9 kcal/mol, -8.1 kcal/mol, -7.3 kcal/mol, and -7.9 kcal/mol, respectively. Molecular docking and ADMET properties and toxicity predictions suggest that alantolactone could effectively binds with various viral target protein and human target proteins and could be developed into a novel SARS-coV-2 inhibitor.
Docking and Dynamics Study of Phytochemicals as Potent Inhibitors against SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease
Authors: Ramprasad Palla , Babu Arunkumar , Sukumaran Suveena
Published: August 2023

Coronavirus Infectious Disease-19 (COVID-19) caused by coronavirus 2 is a global health hazard. The lack of medications against the disease is a major concern of the research community today. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Main Protease (SARS-CoV-2 MPro) is the most extensively studied protein responsible for spreading disease. Several plant-based products are utilized to treat the disease's symptoms. Here, we have attempted to screen 377 phytocompounds against the target computationally. We have sorted eight best-pose compounds based on docking studies for further analysis. Lipinski and Adsorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Elimination/Toxicity (ADME/T) properties were also evaluated to assess the drug-like properties and toxicity of the screened compounds. Finally, we discovered Coruscanone to be the most effective lead compound for the target. The best complex was further undertaken for dynamic simulation. RMSD, RMSF, h-bond, and Rg were analyzed and studied related to the reference compound. The study additionally continues to elucidate its inhibitory action via in vitro studies.
Model For Economical Digital Smart Classes Indonesian Islamic Primary Schools (Madrasah Ibtidaiyah) In The 21st Century
Authors: Muhamad Arif  , Mohd Kasturi Nor Abd Aziz  , Yuldashev Azim Abdurakhmonovich
Published: August 2023

The emergence of the digital era is clear evidence of the evolution of the educational landscape. Ineducation, the creation of cost-effective digital classrooms may be the answer to future problems. In-expensive glass touchscreens are an alternative to digital classrooms. This research focuses on how tomake digital smart classes at MIN 3 Tangerang and Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Nurul Huda Cerme Gresik andhow to use digital smart courses in the learning process at MIN 3 Tangerang and Madrasah IbtidaiyahNurul Huda Cerme Gresik. This research will describe education in Madrasah Ibtidaiyah, Indonesia.Design/methodology/approach This research uses a qualitative case study methodology. This researchinvolved eight participants, including school administrators, digital space teachers, and the informationtechnology team. Use interview, observation, and documentation tactics to collect data. The data analysistechnique uses the methods of reduction, presentation, and interpretation of the important themes found.Limitations/Research Implications The results of the study revealed that there were two important elementsin this study, namely the learning process carried out in digital classrooms and the main obstacles to itsimplementation. Creating a digital smart class begins with the provision of infrastructure such as InFocus,a USB port, a USB cable, a dongle, a high-resolution camera, wireless, and a smart board (touch screen)connected wirelessly. Smart digital classes can really stimulate teacher creativity in producing the bestmedia for teaching materials. Obstacles to adopting digital courses include the limitations of gadgets thatsupport the implementation of digital classes, the competence of teaching teachers, and school regulationsin providing supporting facilities. Originality/Value This new research is expected to be the starting pointfor creating teaching materials that are simple, economical, and effective.
INFORMATION GIVING BY NURSES IN EMPOWERING PARENTS TO CARE FOR CHILDREN WITH CANCER
Authors: Rasmita Dina
Published: August 2023

Background: Parents empowerment involves accessing information, support, resources, and opportunities for parents to optimize the health of the children with cancer, feel meaningful, determine themselves, become competent, and impact their lives. Nurses play a crucial role in educating and training parents to care for their children.
Objective: The purpose of the study was to explore the provision of information by nurses to parents in empowering parents to care for children with cancer based on parents’ perspectives.
Methods: The participants involved in this study were six nurses who served in the treatment room for children with cancer selected by purposive sampling technique. Data collection was carried out by in-depth interview method using semi-structured interview guidelines. Data analysis with stages of analysis according to Colaizzi.
Result: The results of this study found four themes about the provision of information by nurses in empowering parents, namely information provided by nurses, how to provide information, sources of information, and family responses after being given information. providing information nurses to parents, namely information about room rules and facilities, child care while in the hospital and at home, how to provide information that is often provided by nurses, namely verbally, demonstrations, and media, parents' information sources are nurses, doctors, media, and fellow parents with cancer, and parents' responses after being given information are sad and happy.
Conclusion: Nurses need to pay attention to the right time, and the right method, and assess the readiness of parents when providing information so that the information given to parents can be received and understood by parents well.
Optimizing Landfill Capacity: A Numerical Study of the Slope Inclination Variation Impact on Landfill Storage Capacity and Its influence on the Safety Factors under Different Models
Authors: Chihi Feten , Varga Gabriella
Published: August 2023

As an attempt to enhance landfill capacity and extend its lifespan, this research explores the effect of slope inclination on landfill storage capacity and its implementation on the safety factors using numerical simulations. A geometric approach was used to determine the capacity change with inclination, and a new probabilistic calculation method, which accounts for the heterogeneity of waste layers, was employed to analyze the safety factor for different slope angles. Over 100 conducted calculations for each inclination were used to investigate the effect of slope variation on landfill safety. The results show that increasing inclination leads to a significant increase in landfill capacity. The safety factor results indicate that the conventional method, assuming homogenous waste, classifies 1:3 and 1:2 slopes as safe, while the new suggested method showed that a 2:3 inclination could be considered safe, especially since the calculation is not considering the safety-enhancing effect of daily cover layers. This study highlights the importance of considering the heterogeneity of waste layers in safety factor analysis, and the use of multi-layered nonhomogeneous calculation method, which provides more flexibility in design parameters. This research presents a significant step forward in constructing safe and cost-effective landfills. The use of a new probabilistic calculation method in designing landfills leads to more accurate and reliable results while maintaining safety standards. This research has important implications for the design and management of landfills and can be used as a guide for future studies in this field.
As Políticas do Espaço e de Segurança Chinesas de Mao Zedong a Xi Jinping: Em busca do Chinese Dream
Authors:   Instituto do Oriente, Instituto Superior de Ciências Sociais e Políticas, Portugal, Cardoso Diogo ,   Email: diogo_miguel1@hotmail.com
Published: August 2023

The foundational bases of the People’s Republic of China’s Space Program appeared in 1956, with the creation of the China Aviation Industry Commission and the Fifth Academy of the Ministry of Defense. This article aims, through the application of a qualitative methodology of interpretativist nature, to answer the question “How has the formulation of Chinese Space and Security Policies driven the aerospace development of the People’s Republic of China?” To accomplish this objective, it was chosen to analyze the historical period comprising Mao Zedong’s Presidency, which began in 1954, up to the current Presidency of Xi Jinping. In this way, the Space Program of the People’s Republic of China will be described, from its genesis to the present day, including its ambitions, capabilities, priorities, as well as Chinese security and space policies, and the policy making process of Chinese space policies, based on the principles defended by the People’s Republic of China, the peaceful use of outer space and space exploration, as well as international exchange and cooperation. Keywords: People’s Republic of China; Space Policy; Space Program; Space Security and Defense
A Rivalidade Estratégica entre a Arábia Saudita e o Irão no Conflito do Iémen: Rumo a um Fim?
Authors:   Instituto Superior de Ciências Sociais e Políticas, Portugal, Pinto Pedro ,   Email: pnp.ppinto@gmail.com
Published: August 2023

The conflict in Yemen, ongoing since 2015, between the Houthi movement and the internationally recognized central government, presents an international dimension, as part of the military campaign carried out by a coalition of Sunni countries led by Saudi Arabia, in support of the President Abd Mansur al-Hadi in fighting houthi forces; and the tactical and military assistance given to the Houthis by Iran. In that way, a proxy war was established by the two major powers of the Middle East region, in the context of a geopolitical rivalry, characterized by a fierce competition for the status of regional hegemonic power. However, Riyadh´s offer of a ceasefire in Yemen, and the diplomatic overtures granted to Saudi Arabia by the new Iranian President, Ebrahim Raisi, have represented a reversal of the status quo. Keywords: Yemen; Conflict; Saudi Arabia; Iran
A Belt and Road Initiative no Camboja: Dependência e Legitimidade de Elites
Authors:   ISCTE – Instituto Universitário de Lisboa, Portugal, Borges Diogo ,   Email: diogoj.j.borges@gmail.com
Published: August 2023

O Camboja foi um dos Estados que mais fortemente abraçou a Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), aproximando-o dos benefícios da mesma, mas igualmente deixando-o suscetível aos riscos que esta iniciativa pode trazer. No caso do Camboja, estes riscos estão geralmente associados ao agravamento da sua dependência económica e política para com a China resultantes da sua adesão à BRI, forçando as elites cambojanas a gerir esta relação assimétrica. Através de uma análise dos principais projetos da BRI no Camboja, em complemento com uma análise das características do neopatrimonialismo que define as interações de legitimidade das elites, este artigo pretende demonstrar como a BRI funciona como um mecanismo de fomento da dependência e de que forma as elites cambojanas têm utilizado a presença da BRI para reforçar a sua legitimidade interna e fomentar o seu poder local. Palavras-chave: BRI; Camboja; Dependência; Legitimidade
Generalizations of the drift Laplace equation over the quaternions in a class of Grushin-type spaces
Authors: Bieske Thomas , Blackwell Keller
Published: August 2023

Beals, Gaveau, and Greiner established a formula for the fundamental solution to the Laplace equation with drift term in Grushin-type planes. The first author and Childers expanded these results by invoking a p-Laplace type generalization that encompasses these formulas while the authors explored a different natural generalization of the p-Laplace equation with drift term that also encompasses these formulas. In both, the drift term lies in the complex domain. We extend these results by considering a drift term in the quaternion realm and show our solutions are stable under limits as p tends to infinity.
GÜRCİSTAN’IN GURİA BÖLGESİ’NDE, AHŞAP ÇANDI CAMİ ÖRNEĞİ: ZOTİ CAMİİ (ზოტის მეჩეთი)
Authors: KAYA Mustafa
Published: August 2023

Ahşap camiler, İslam’ın erken dönemlerinden beri inşa edilmektedir. Nitekim İslam mimarisinin ilk mabedi Mescid-i Nebevi (Miladi 654) hurma ağacından ahşap direkli olarak inşa edilmişti. Orta Asya’da, Türklerin İslam dinini benimsemesi ile ahşap camiler inşa ettiği bilinmektedir. Bu gelenek, Karahanlılar (9.-13.yy) ile başlayıp, Gazneliler (10-12.yy) ve Selçuklular (11. yy) döneminde anıtsal ve zengin örneklerini vermiştir. Anadolu’ya Selçuklu döneminde taşındığı bilinen ahşap camiler, Beylikler ve Osmanlı döneminde kendine has bir yorum ve kimlik kazanmıştır.

Bu makale, Gürcistan’ın Guria Bölgesi kırsalında arazi çalışmamız ile tespit edilen Zoti Camii’ni içermektedir. Cami, kitabesine göre 1907 yılında Çarlık Rusyası Dönemi’nde ve Osmanlı mimari geleneğinde inşa edilmiştir. Yapı, özgün dokusunu koruyarak ulaşmıştır. Ahşap çandı camiler grubunda incelenen Zoti Camii, plan, mimari ve süsleme özellikleri ile yakın çevrede Acara ve Türkiye’nin Doğu Karadeniz Bölgesi camileri ile benzerlikleri tespit edilmiştir. Camideki süslemelerin, üslup ve teknik yönden Ahıska, Karadeniz ve kısmen de olsa Doğu Anadolu camileri ile benzer olduğu izlenmektedir.

Çalışmanın amacı, daha öncesinde Sanat Tarihi araştırmalarına konu olmayan Zoti Camii’nin, Türk-İslam sanatındaki yeri ve önemini belirleyerek, çandı camilerin Karadeniz Bölgesi’ndeki üslubunu takip edebilmektedir. Bu çalışmada cami; plan, mimari ve süsleme özellikleri Sanat Tarihi disiplini çerçevesinde detaylı olarak tanıtılmış, görseller ve çizimler ile desteklenmiştir. Makalede, Zoti Camii örneği ışığında yapının çağdaş ve yakın çevredeki cami örnekleri ile etkileşim ve farklılıkları belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır.
EVDE KALAMAYANLAR: COVID-19 PANDEMİSİNDE KADIN SAĞLIK ÇALIŞANLARININ YAŞAM PRATİKLERİ ÜZERİNE FENOMENOLOJİK BİR ÇALIŞMA
Authors: SERDAR Meryem
Published: August 2023

Covid-19 pandemisi tüm dünyada yaşamları derinden etkilemiş, gündelik hayatın rutinlerini bozmuştur. Değişen rutinlere ayak uydurmak bazı meslek grupları için daha zorlayıcı olmuştur. Hem kadın olmak hem sağlık çalışanı olmak, kadın sağlık çalışanlarını Covid-19 pandemisinin kesişimsel dezavantajlı gruplarından biri yapmıştır. Bu çalışmada Covid-19 pandemisi sürecinde kadın sağlık çalışanlarının gündelik yaşantılarının nasıl devam ettiğini sosyolojik perspektifle anlamak ve anlamlandırmak amaçlanmıştır. Nitel araştırma desenlerinden fenomenolojik desen üzerine kurulan çalışmada kartopu örneklem tekniği kullanılarak 12 anne sağlık çalışanı ile yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu üzerinden derinlemesine mülakat gerçekleştirilmiş, verilerin değerlendirilmesinde betimsel analiz yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgularda; Covid-19 pandemisi sürecinde kadın sağlıkçıların hem işte hem evde artan işyükü ile evin ve işin yeni normaline adaptasyonda güçlük çektikleri, herkes ‘evde kal’mak zorunda iken kendilerinin işte olmak zorunda olmaları durumunun hanelerine ‘kara bulutlar’ çökerttiği, bir yandan hastalara şifacı olabilmek için mücadeleye devam ederken diğer yandan sevdiklerine virüsü taşıma riskinin ağırlığı altında sosyo-psikolojik olarak farklı deneyimler yaşadıkları görülmüştür.
XVII. YÜZYILDA SAFEVİLER’DE BİR ASKER VE SİYASET ADAMI; SELMAN HAN-I SUBAŞI-YI DUNBULÎ (SELMAN HALİFE)
Authors: PEKOL Fatih
Published: August 2023

SSelman Han-ı Subaşı-yı Dunbulî veya diğer adıyla Selman Halife-yi Dunbulî, XIII. yüzyıldan XIX. yüzyılın ortalarına kadar tarihin farklı dilimlerinde; Eyyubiler, Akkoyunlular, Osmanlılar, Safeviler, Afşarlar, Zendler, Kaçarlar ve Ruslar adına birçok bölgeyi yönetmiş olan Dunbulî aşiretinin XVII. yüzyıldaki önemli isimlerinden biridir. Safevilerde askerî ve siyasi birçok göreve getirilmiş olan Selman Han-ı Dunbulî, Safevi ordusu ile beraber birçok sefere de iştirak etmiştir. Safevilere olan bağlılığından ötürü Selman Han’a Kurçibaşı ve Rekabdarbaşı gibi askeri ve mülki ünvanlar verilip, Çors ve Selmas hâkimliğine getirilmiştir. Selman Han’ın yönetimi altında bulunmuş bölgeler, Osmanlı-İran sınırında yeralan bölgelerdir. Dolayısıyla gerek adı geçen Han gerekse yönetim altındaki bölgeleri birçok kez Osmanlı Devleti ile İran arasında yaşanan gerilimlerin nedeni olmuş, Safeviler ile Osmanlılar arasında cereyan etmiş pek çok gelişmede öne çıkmışlardır. Örneğin Selman Han-ı Dunbulî Muhammed Paşa yönetimi altında bulanan Erciş ve Adilcevaz gibi Osmanlı topraklarına baskınlar düzenleyip söz konusu bölgeleri yağmalamıştır. Adı geçen Muhammed Paşa’yı esir alıp Safevi sarayına götürmüş ve neticede İran Şah’ının övgüsüne mazhar olmuştur. Osmanlılara karşı verdiği çetin mücadelerden dolayı Şah I. Abbas tarafından “Han” ünvanıyla taltif edilmiştir.

Selman Han-ı Dunbulî ile ilgili özellikle İskender Bey-i Türkmen tarafından kaleme alınan Alem Ara-yı Abbasi isimli eser ile Muhammed İştihardi’nin kaleme aldığı Tezkiretü’l Denabile isimli eserde birçok bilgi mevcuttur. Bu çalışmada mezkur malumatlardan yola çıkarak adı geçen Han’ın askeri ve siyasi kişiliğine değinilmiş olup bu minvalde dönem kaynakları ve sonrasında yazılan eserler karşılaştırılmıştır.
Dampak Perubahan Penggunaan Lahan Pertanian Terhadap Komoditi Unggulan Akibat Pembentukan Kabupaten Buton Selatan
Authors: Hazriani Hazriani , Ido Irfan , Harimuddin Jamal , Restele La Ode , Indriasary Anita
Published: August 2023

Rapid development has an impact on increasing land use change. The establishment of South Buton Regency in 2014 triggered an increase in development in Batauga District which resulted in the expansion of built-up land and changes agricultural land use. Changes in agricultural land use will affect agricultural productivity, especially leading commodities. This study aims to: (1) determine changes in agricultural land use in Batauga District due to the establishment of South Buton Regency; (2) know the impact of changes in agricultural land use on leading commodities. This study uses quantitative descriptive analysis methods and OBIA. The results of this study include: (1) Changes in agricultural land use due to the formation of South Buton Regency have changed from 3,119.26 acre previously to 2,971.64 acre in 2021; (2) Impact of changes in the use of agricultural land on superior commodities, namely commodities before formation become a base then become non-base after the formation of South Buton Regency and vice versa.. Keywords:  Land Use Change, Agriculture, Leading Commodity
Mitigasi Banjir di Kelurahan Wawombalata Kota Kendari
Authors: Widayati Weka , Sawaludin Sawaludin , Indriasary Anita , Aulia Weko Indira Romanti , Rahim Saban
Published: August 2023

The problem of flooding is still a problem that occurs in urban communities. High water intensity during the rainy season results in the potential for flooding in residential areas around the river flow. This study aims to determine flood mitigation in the Wawombalata sub-district, Kendari City. The method used in this research is survey and map overlay. The results showed that: On the flood hazard map, the area that has the highest hazard class is in the RT 5 section. Meanwhile, the flood hazard in the high class covers parts of the RT 1, RT 2, RT 3, RT 4, RT 5, RT 6 and RT 7. Overall the potential for flooding in the Wawombalata sub-district is classified as a high hazard class up to the highest class around residential areas and community housing. Flood mitigation strategies that can be carried out include: Conducting learning about disaster mitigation and outreach as well as disaster emergency simulations, maintaining the functions of vital objects/public facilities. Coordinating disaster management at the District/City level and and the Central Government. Keywords: Mitigation, Hazard, Flood, Community
Identifikasi Tipologi Fisik Pesisir dan Kesesuaian Wisata Pantai di Wilayah Kepesisiran Bonto Bahari
Authors: Sofyan A. P. Andi Baso , Fadlin Feri , Indrawati Indrawati
Published: August 2023

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi tipologi fisik pesisir dan melakukan analisis kesesuaian pariwisata pantai di wilayah kepesisiran Kecamatan Bonto Bahari Kabupaten Bulukumba. Penelitian dilakukan pada wilayah Pantai Bampang, Pantai Bara, Pantai Marumasa, dan wilayah pesisir Apparalang. Metode yang digunakan yakni survei dan studi literatur untuk mendapatkan data primer serta data sekunder. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Pendekatan kualitatif digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi tipologi fisik pesisir. Sedangkan pendekatan kuantitatif digunakan untuk menganalisis kesesuaian pariwisata pantai yakni dengan metode penskoran. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, wilayah Pantai Bampang yang merupakan tipe pesisir pengendapan darat termasuk dalam kategori sesuai (S2) untuk kegiatan wisata pantai, wilayah Pantai Bara dan Marumasa yang sebagian besar wilayahnya merupakan tipe pesisir pengendapan laut termasuk dalam kategori sangat sesuai (S1), serta wilayah pesisir Apparalang yang merupakan tipe pesisir struktural termasuk dalam kategori sesuai bersyarat (S3) untuk kegiatan wisata pantai.Kata kunci: Tipologi Fisik Pesisir, Pariwisata PantaiAbstract: This study aims to identify coastal typologies and analysis suitability of coastal tourism in the coastal area of Bonto Bahari District, Bulukumba Regency. The research was conducted in the Bampang Beach, Bara Beach, Marumasa Beach, and Apparalang coastal areas. The methods used are surveys and literature studies to obtain primary data and secondary data. This study uses a qualitative and quantitative approach. A qualitative approach is used to identify the physical typology of the coast. Meanwhile, a quantitative approach is used to analyze the suitability of coastal tourism with scoring method. The results showed that the Bampang Beach area which is land deposition coast is included in the appropriate category (S2) for beach tourism activities, the Bara and Marumasa Beach areas, which are mostly marine depositional coastal types, are included in the very suitable category (S1), as well as the Apparalang coast which is a structural coastal type is included in the conditionally appropriate category (S3) for beach tourism activities.Keywords: Coastal Physical Typology, Beach Tourism
Synchronic approach to the study of exogenic changes in the contemporary Yorùbá language
Authors: Oyinlola Abdulsamad
Published: August 2023

This paper provides a focused evaluation of the exogenic changes that occur in the contemporary Yoruba language of West Africa and discusses the reasons and outcomes of such changes to the language. External or exogenic changes have been one of the major sources of linguistics change in the contemporary world. The current evolutions, where different languages come into contact with each other-a phenomenon known as language collision-often create a situation in which one language comes to dominate another. This paper examines the linguistics phenomenon of adoption of foreign words into the Yoruba language, the ways and reasons for the adoptions and the outcome, with particular focus on the massive incorporation of foreign words into the Yoruba language and how that might impact the language’s ability to survive.
MESSAGE DESIGN LOGIC PRODUKSI KARYA FOTOGRAFI
Authors: Enrieco Edward , Ronda Andi Mirza , Alifahmi Hifni
Published: August 2023

Fotografer Ully Zoelkarnain sebagai pekerja seni kreatif murni dan seni komersial, berpijak pada dua tarikan keadaan. Dengan masalah dua tarikan pemikiran logika desain pesan berdasarkan idealisme pribadi dan pesanan, pada konsep makna foto yang harus dikoordinasikan dengan cermat. Penelitian bertujuan mengungkap logika desain pesan pada makna foto konteks portrait fullbody-shot karya fotografer Ully Zoelkarnain, sebagai seniman murni dan seniman komersial dalam bekerja. Menganalisis logika pesan dari hasil konsep makna karya foto berupa pemikiran ekspresif fotografer dan pemikiran permintaan. Metode analisis deskriptif digunakan teori semiotika sosial dengan konsep Metafungsi dalam bahasa gambar untuk mengungkap makna pesan, kemudian hasil makna pesan dianalisis keterkaitannya dengan premis pada teori Message design logic, dan metode triangulasi dengan narasumber. Tiga subjek foto merepresentasikan makna struktur naratif terkait dengan hasil logika desain ekspresif dan retorika pada pemikiran pesan makna foto. Satu subjek foto merepresentasikan makna struktur konseptual dengan hasil logika desain konvensional pada konsep bersama pengguna foto. Tiga Logika desain pesan dalam sebuah foto karya fotografer tidak semua akan dimunculkan, tergantung dari konteks produksi pesan pada foto tersebut.
KEBIJAKAN PUBLIK DALAM PUSARAN PARTAI POLITIK
Authors: Ridwan Ridwan
Published: August 2023

Kebijakan dipandang sebagai proses interaksi antara tujuan yang telah ditetapkan dan tindakan-tindakan yang dilakukan untuk mewujudkan tujuan. Kebijakan publik menjadi kewenangan yang dibuat oleh kekuasaan yang sah dalam sebuah sistem pemerintahan, keputusan akhir yang telah ditetapkan secara politik memiliki sifat yang mengikat bagi para pelayan publik untuk melakukan tindakan kedepannya. Partai politik menjadi penentu kebijakan seperti yang tertera dengan Undang-Undang nomor 2 Tahun 2008 tentang partai politik Pasal 11 ayat 1 poin c dimana partai politik berfungsi sebagai sarana penyerapan, penghimpunan dan penyalur aspirasi politik masyarakat dalam merumuskan dan menetapkan kebijakan. Peran partai politik sangat besar dalam menentukan arah kemajuan negara dan bangsa. Kebijakan yang diambil merupakan kepanjangan tangan dari partai politik maka sudah semestinya kepentingan partai politik mendukung dan mengusung pengambil kebijakan harus sesuai  dengan kepentingan rakyat. Penulisan ini menggunakan metode analisis kualitatif deskriptif. Dalam metode analisis kualitatif deskriptif, pengumpulan dan analisis dilakukan melalui studi kepustakaan dan mengumpulkan data sekunder melalui referensi yang ada. Hasil studi menunjukan, rakyat sebagai subjek dari sistem demokrasi di Indonesia, mempunyai hak untuk ikut serta dalam menentukan kebijakan melalui kebijakan perwakilan guna dijalankan oleh lembaga eksekutif dan legislatif untuk kesejahteraan rakyat. Partai politik harus merevisi peraturan perundang tentang partai politik dan AD/ART partai agar aspirasi masyarakat menjadi agenda utama dalam pembuatan kebijakan publik.
KETERWAKILAN POLITIK DAN PARTISIPASI PEREMPUAN PASCA REFORMASI DI ERA PEMERINTAHAN MEGAWATI DAN JOKO WIDODO
Authors: Bizanti Ummaya Anandira , Azalia Saparija Nayla , Nisfiani Sachtzi
Published: August 2023

Perempuan memainkan peran dan pengaruh penting dalam ruang politik Indonesia. Namun eksistensi perempuan masih dikesampingkan karena salah satunya budaya patriarki yang masih kuat. Meskipun demikian, hal ini terlihat jelas dalam berbagai peran di dalam partai politik, organisasi, dan bahkan di parlemen. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa keterlibatan politik perempuan masih sangat rendah, yang berarti status mereka dalam politik Indonesia masih sangat lemah. Maka dengan itu, penulis membuat penelitian yang berjudul “Kondisi Keterwakilan Politk dan Partisipasi Perempuan Pasca Reformasi Serta Situasinya Pada Periode Megawati dan Joko Widodo”. Tujuan dibuatnya penelitian ini yakni untuk mengetahui bagaimana perkembangan partisipasi politik perempuan pada pasca reformasi dan di era Megawati dan Joko Widodo. Metode penelitian yang digunakan oleh peneliti adalah metode kualitatif, yaitu dengan mengumpulkan data melalui analisis serta studi pustaka. Dari hasil penelitian berdasarkan studi pustaka, dapat disimpulkan bahwa partisipasi perempuan semakin terbuka karena salah satunya terdapat kebebasan yang mulai tercipta.
DAMPAK MONARKI KONSTITUSIONAL BAGI PARTISIPASI DAN DEMOKRASI RAKYAT THAILAND PERIODE RAJA MAHA VAJIRALONGKORN
Authors: Marshal Felix , Thalentaria Nainggolan Dina , Fajri Hidayat Aqil , Oskar Liosantra
Published: August 2023

Partisipasi dan Demokrasi adalah satu hal yang saling terikat, seperti halnya contoh dalam melakukan suatu perpolitikan. Dalam sebuah demokrasi harus ada sebuah partisipasi apapun bentuknya, seperti partisipasi pemerintahan maupun partisipasi rakyat dalam perpolitikan. Tetapi pada prakteknya banyak dari pihak rakyat yang kecewa akan politik yang berdemokrasi, partisipasi dalam perpolitikan dinilai sangat rendah dikarenakan menurunnya kepercayaan rakyat terhadap pemegang pemerintahan yaitu politisi elit. Hal ini menimbulkan kritik yang terus dilontarkan oleh rakyat akan Partisipasi dan Demokrasi dalam sebuah kewarganegaraan. Negara Thailand sendiri menganut sistem Monarki Konstitusional dalam pemerintahannya tetapi dalam kasusnya banyak masyarakat Thailand yang tidak menyukai pemerintahan Monarki tersebut dikarenakan kita bisa melihat dari UU yang telah dibuat yaitu UU Lese Majeste yang dimana dinilai masyarakat Thailand sebagai tembok untuk menutupi Demokrasi dan Partisipasi masyarakat dalam negaranya tersebut.
Exploring the latest understanding on the role of immune mediators, genetic and environmental factors in pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis: a systematic review
Authors: Albloushi Shaimaa , Al-Ahmad Mona
Published: August 2023

Introduction

Despite well-defined clinical phenotypes of chronic rhinitis, the underlying in-depth pathophysiological mechanism, particularly with reference to the involvement of immune mediators, genetic, and environmental factors, are still not fully understood. Therefore, our aim was to give updated information on the pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis (AR), with an emphasis on the role of cytokines in adults aged 18 years and above. Additionally, we investigated the impact of genetic and environmental factors in the pathogenesis of AR.

Results

A search in various databases identified 1,178 records, and 18 studies were ultimately selected from January 2018 to April 2023. The total sample size in our studies was 4,317, with 2,186 in the experimental and 2,131 in control groups, respectively. The mean age was 33.4 years, with 43% were male, while 57% were female. According to the selected studies, various factors, including immune mediators, particularly cytokines, genetic, and environmental factors, were identified in the development of AR.

Conclusion

The selected studies presented findings on different factors and sub-factors in the pathogenesis of AR, making it a challenge for us to compare their results. However, based on our findings, researchers can link our identified factors to potential therapies for AR.
Development and preliminary assessment of a CRISPR–Cas12a-based multiplex detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex
Authors: Xiao Jing , Li Jieqiong , Quan Shuting , Wang Yacui , Jiang Guanglu , Wang Yi , Huang Hairong , Jiao Weiwei , Shen Adong
Published: August 2023

Since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, global efforts towards tuberculosis (TB) control have encountered unprecedented challenges. There is an urgent demand for efficient and cost-effective diagnostic technologies for TB. Recent advancements in CRISPR–Cas technologies have improved our capacity to detect pathogens. The present study established a CRISPR–Cas12a-based multiplex detection (designated as MCMD) that simultaneously targets two conserved insertion sequences (IS6110 and IS1081) to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC). The MCMD integrated a graphene oxide-assisted multiplex recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) assay with a Cas12a-based trans-cleavage assay identified with fluorescent or lateral flow biosensor (LFB). The process can be performed at a constant temperature of around 37°C and completed within 1 h. The limit of detection (LoD) was 4 copies μL−1, and no cross-reaction was observed with non-MTBC bacteria strains. This MCMD showed 74.8% sensitivity and 100% specificity in clinical samples from 107 patients with pulmonary TB and 40 non-TB patients compared to Xpert MTB/RIF assay (63.6%, 100%). In this study, we have developed a straightforward, rapid, highly sensitive, specific, and cost-effective assay for the multiplex detection of MTBC. Our assay showed superior diagnostic performance when compared to the widely used Xpert assay. The novel approach employed in this study makes a substantial contribution to the detection of strains with low or no copies of IS6110 and facilitates point-of-care (POC) testing for MTBC in resource-limited countries.
Identifying opportunities for transboundary conservation in Africa
Authors: Kamath Vignesh , Brooks Holly , Naidoo Robin , Brennan Angela , Bertzky Bastian , Burgess Neil D. , McDermott Long Osgur , Arnell Andy , Bhola Nina
Published: August 2023

The conservation of natural and cultural resources shared between countries is a significant challenge that can be addressed through the establishment of transboundary conservation areas (TBCAs). TBCAs enable countries to harmonize cross-border governance and management, increase protected area (PA) coverage, and strengthen relationships between neighbouring countries and communities. In Africa, many ecosystems and species ranges span multiple countries, making TBCAs a crucial tool for biodiversity conservation. However, there is a lack of research on where TBCAs can be established or need to be established. To address this gap, we conducted a study to identify opportunities for establishing TBCAs in Africa. We first compiled an up-to-date list of existing TBCAs on the continent. Then, we identified potential TBCAs by identifying protected areas next to country borders that are adjacent to other protected areas in a neighbouring country. We also evaluated the functional connectivity between these PA pairs and prioritized potential TBCAs based on size, connectivity, and ease of establishment. We identified 27 existing TBCAs and 8,481 potential TBCAs in Africa composed of various possible combinations of 2,326 individual PAs. Our results provide a baseline of existing TBCAs and offer a better understanding of where transboundary conservation might be established or strengthened. We also highlight areas where future transboundary conservation efforts could safeguard PA connectivity. This information can guide policy and decision-making processes towards promoting conservation and sustainable use of natural and cultural resources shared between countries in Africa.
Revolutionizing smartphone gyrocardiography for heart rate monitoring: overcoming clinical validation hurdles
Authors: Elgendi Mohamed , Wu Wenshan , Guan Cuntai , Menon Carlo
Published: August 2023

Accurate heart rate (HR) measurement is crucial for optimal cardiac health, and while conventional methods such as electrocardiography and photoplethysmography are widely used for continuous daily monitoring, they may face practical limitations due to their dependence on external sensors and susceptibility to motion artifacts. In recent years, mechanocardiography (MCG)-based technologies, such as gyrocardiography (GCG) and seismocardiography (SCG), have emerged as promising alternatives to address these limitations. GCG has shown enhanced sensitivity and accuracy for HR detection compared to SCG, although its benefits are often overlooked in the context of the widespread use of accelerometers in HR monitoring applications. In this perspective, we aim to explore the potential and challenges of GCG, while recognizing that other technologies, including photoplethysmography and remote photoplethysmography, also have promising applications for HR monitoring. We propose a roadmap for future research to unlock the transformative capabilities of GCG for everyday heart rate monitoring.
Assessing validity of the Klenico diagnostic software system in a large psychotherapeutic inpatient sample
Authors: Reutimann Stefan , Hübscher Noah , Steiner Jasmin , Voderholzer Ulrich , Augsburger Mareike
Published: August 2023

Introduction

Mental disorders are often underdiagnosed in routine diagnostic procedures due to the use of unstandardized assessments; this can result in people either not receiving necessary treatment or receiving ineffective treatment for their condition. Klenico is an online diagnostic software system that facilitates diagnosis of mental disorders in adults through the use of standardized procedures. The procedure encompasses two modules, self-report and clinical validation. The current study aimed to confirm the validity of the Klenico assessment in a large clinical sample.

Methods

Fully anonymized data from 495 adult inpatients were used. ICD-10 diagnoses were made during an initial interview by the clinical staff. Afterwards, patients filled out self-report questionnaires (BDI-II, BSI, EDE-Q, OCI-R, PHQ-D, and Y-BOCS) and completed the Klenico self-report module, which involves selecting and rating the severity of applicable symptoms. Finally, in the clinical validation module, mental health professionals validated the symptoms endorsed in the self-report module. Six Klenico domains were tested against patient self-reports and routine ICD-10 diagnoses by following the multitrait-multimethod approach. Internal consistency was assessed by calculating Cronbach's alpha.

Results

The Klenico depressive disorders, OCD, and somatoform disorders domains revealed high correlations with the congruent questionnaires (i.e., those pertaining to these specific disorders) and revealed low correlations with the noncongruent questionnaires (i.e., those pertaining to other disorders), therefore evidencing construct validity. For the eating disorders and psychotic disorders domains, divergent validity was demonstrated. For the anxiety disorders domain, although analysis mostly indicated construct validity, this should be further confirmed.

Discussion

Overall, the results largely confirmed the construct validity of the Klenico assessment, demonstrating its use as an easy-to-use, valid, standardized, and comprehensive instrument for diagnosing mental disorders.
Marine invertebrates as proxies for early kelp use along the western coast of South America
Authors: Alcalde Verónica , Flores Carola , Guardia Javiera , Olguín Laura , Broitman Bernardo R.
Published: August 2023

Coastal societies have lived at the seaward edge of the Atacama Desert since at least 12,000 years ago. Kelp forest ecosystems provide evidence for important subsistence activity along the entire Chilean coast through fishing and gathering. Despite their importance, especially in hyperarid contexts with limited plant abundance, there is scarce evidence of kelp in archaeological contexts, hampering the study of kelp use in the past. In the present study, we use the presence of small marine invertebrates, inhabitants of stipes and holdfasts of macroalgae, as proxies that indicate past kelp presence. We analyze samples of three species of snails (Tegula atra,Tegula tridentata,andDiloma nigerrima) and one limpet (Scurria scurra) from nine archaeological sites dated between 7,000 and 500 cal years before present located around the area of Taltal (25°Lat S). Modern samples of these species were collected to reconstruct the size of fragmented archaeological shells and subsequently estimate the size of harvested kelps. Through this approach, we estimated the size and relative abundance of kelp used by coastal groups that inhabited the southern part of the Atacama Desert for around 6,500 years. Our results are a contribution to the scarce information on the presence and use of kelp in the prehistory of the Americas and contribute to comparative perspectives with other areas of the world where the use of kelp by humans in the past has already been explored.
Teacher learning to teach mathematics via reasoning and proving: a discursive analysis of lesson plans modifications
Authors: Weingarden Merav , Buchbinder Orly
Published: August 2023

Despite the importance of reasoning and proving in mathematics and mathematics education, little is known about how future teachers become proficient in integrating reasoning and proving in their teaching practices. In this article, we characterize this aspect of prospective secondary mathematics teachers’ (PSTs’) professional learning by drawing upon the commognitive theory. We offer a triple-layer conceptualization of (student) learning, teaching, and learning to teach mathematics via reasoning and proving by focusing on the discourses students participate in (learning), the opportunities for reasoning and proving afforded to them (teaching), and how PSTs design and enrich such opportunities (learning to teach). We explore PSTs’ pedagogical discourse anchored in the lesson plans they designed, enacted, and modified as part of their participation in a university-based course: Mathematical Reasoning and Proving for Secondary Teachers. We identified four types of discursive modifications: structural, mathematical, reasoning-based, and logic-based. We describe how the potential opportunities for reasoning and proving afforded to students by these lesson plans changed as a result of these modifications. Based on our triple-layered conceptualization we illustrate how the lesson modifications and the resulting alterations to student learning opportunities can be used to characterize PSTs’ professional learning. We discuss the affordances of theorizing teacher practices with the same theoretical lens (grounded in commognition) to inquire student learning and teacher learning, and how lesson plans, as a proxy of teaching practices, can be used as a methodological tool to better understand PSTs’ professional learning.
A study on the impact of rural finance on high-quality agricultural development in China—a test based on intermediation, threshold and spillover effects
Authors: Hu Changyu , Bo Na , Zhao Qicheng
Published: August 2023

Achieving high-quality agricultural development (HQAD) has become an urgent and important task for many countries. This paper selects panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2005 to 2019 and uses the mediation model, panel threshold model and spatial econometric model to explore the impact of rural finance (RF) on high-quality agricultural development. The study found that: 1) RF can effectively promote high-quality agricultural development, and the conclusions still hold after multiple robustness tests; 2) The results of heterogeneity analysis show that RF has a significant role in promoting high-quality agricultural development during the period of high economic growth, and the effect is not obvious during the period of slow economic growth. In addition, under the conditions of heterogeneity of functional grain production areas and heterogeneity of financial literacy, RF has a significant positive effect on high-quality agricultural development, and the intensity of the effect is shown as main grain production areas > main grain marketing areas > balanced grain production and marketing areas, and higher financial literacy areas > lower financial literacy areas; 3) Farmland scale management plays a partially mediating role in the process of RF influencing high-quality agricultural development, and the share of the mediating effect in the total effect is 24.64%; 4) There is a single threshold effect of rural finance efficiency (RFE) and the share of agricultural technicians in the impact of RF on high-quality agricultural development, and the threshold values are 0.940 and 0.448, respectively. In the process of crossing the threshold, the enhancement effect of RF on high-quality agricultural development shows a marginal incremental feature; 5) There is a significant spatial correlation between China’s inter-provincial agricultural high-quality development, and RF in the region can act on the agricultural high-quality development of neighboring regions through spatial spillover effects. Our study enriches the existing literature and provides empirical evidence and policy insights on how RF in China contributes to high-quality agricultural development.
Pathogenic fungi and oomycetes causing dieback on Fraxinus species in the Mediterranean climate change hotspot region
Authors: Benigno Alessandra , Bregant Carlo , Aglietti Chiara , Rossetto Giovanni , Tolio Beatrice , Moricca Salvatore , Linaldeddu Benedetto T.
Published: August 2023

Environmental changes are occurring on a global scale, but their effects are most pronounced in climate change hotspot zones, such as the Mediterranean basin. Within this area Italy, extending from its southern coasts in the core of the Mediterranean Sea to its northernmost pre-Alpine and Alpine regions, is characterized by a variety of climatic conditions and vegetation types. Surveys conducted in 2018–2022 in forest formations of Central-Northern Italy revealed that the enhanced warming trend and irregular distribution of precipitations are strongly impacting the health of Fraxinus species, with some pathogenic fungi and oomycetes being important contributing factors to the decline of the three main ash species growing there: common ash (Fraxinus excelsior), flowering ash (Fraxinus ornus), and narrow-leaved ash (Fraxinus angustifolia). Isolation from symptomatic plant material collected countrywide under different site conditions and pathogenicity tests revealed a complex phytopathological framework, with several pathogenic species in addition to Hymenoscyphus fraxineus involved with a prominent role in the ash dieback etiology. Key microbial taxa included the fungal and oomycete pathogens Botryosphaeria dothidea, Diplodia fraxini, Diplodia subglobosa, Phytophthora acerina, and Phytophthora plurivora. The disease impact was higher on sites where ash trees grew under environmental stress (i.e., areas characterized by mild dry winters, hot summers with intense and prolonged drought) and exhibited reduced vigor, also as a consequence of anthropogenic interference (i.e., silvicultural management and fires). The identified causative agents are emerging pathogens that thrive under warmer conditions, their impact in the investigated areas being prevalent compared to H. fraxineus, which appears to be restricted on the Italian peninsula to the cooler and wetter valleys of the Alps and Central-Northern Apennines.