bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and Photoluminescence Properties of a Red‐Emitting Phosphor Sr9Mg1.5(PO4)7:Eu3+
Authors: Sun Wenzhi , Jia Yonglei , Ma Tengfei , Li Da , Li Haifeng , Jiang Lihong , Zhang Su , Fu Jipeng , Pang Ran , Li Chengyu
Published: March 2016

A novel red‐emitting Sr9Mg1.5(PO4)7:Eu3+ phosphor was synthesized via high‐temperature solid‐state reaction. The crystal structure was confirmed by Rietveld refinement method. The luminescence properties were investigated by diffuse reflection spectra, photoluminescence excitation spectra and emission spectra as well as temperature‐dependent luminescence spectra. The phosphor shows strong absorption at 395 nm and 466 nm, which matches well with the commercial n‐ultraviolet and blue chips. Upon excitation at 395 nm, the phosphor exhibits bright red emission with the dominate peak at about 617 nm, assigning to 5D0–7F2 transition of Eu3+. Meanwhile, the concentration quenching mechanism, fluorescence lifetime and thermal stability have been investigated in detail. The Commission International de I‘Eclairage (CIE) coordinates of Sr9Mg1.5(PO4)7:0.40Eu3+ are very close to those of National Television Standard Committee (NSTC) standard red light. The experimental data indicate Sr9Mg1.5(PO4)7:Eu3+ phosphor may be promising as a red‐emitting phosphor for white light emitting diodes.
Synthesis and OER activity of NiO coatings with micelle–templated mesopore structure
Authors: Bernicke Michael , Eckhardt Björn , Lippitz Andreas , Ortel Erik , Bernsmeier Denis , Schmack Roman , Kraehnert Ralph
Published: March 2016

Catalysts based on nickel oxide are some of the most active catalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in alkaline media. However, preparing catalytic coatings with high surface area and good accessibility of the active sites remains challenging. We present a new approach for the synthesis of homogeneous and binder‐free nickel oxide coatings comprising a highly accessible ordered mesopore structure. The synthesis is achieved via evaporation induced self assembly utilizing PEO‐PB‐PEO triblock copolymers as pore template and a chemical complex of Ni2+ and citric acid as precursor. Excessive crystallization behaviour of NiO is avoided by thermal conversion of the precursor into an amorphous Ni carbonate intermediate, followed by transition of the carbonate into the metal oxide. We present a comprehensive analysis of the obtained materials in terms of morphology, crystallinity, surface area, composition, and OER activity of differently calcined catalysts. Retaining a low crystallinity and high surface area during the synthesis proofs to be the most important factor in obtaining a highly active OER catalyst.
Successful Preheating of Pulverized Hard Coal and Lignite for Blast Furnace PCI
Authors: Splittgerber Frank , Lahr Jens , Haustein Nicole , Lychatz Bernd
Published: March 2016

In the context of the development of a preheating procedure for injection coal, investigations are made in order to determine the heat transmission coefficient for a fluidized bed preheating technology. This should provide answers to the questions whether the procedure is able to fulfill the requirements of blast furnace operation and whether the required throughputs of 60 t h−1 of preheated pulverized hard coal (PC) and pulverized lignite (PL), respectively, with temperatures between 150 and 220 °C can be realized. The necessary data are determined by experiments using two samples, one of hard coal and one of lignite in a fluidized bed preheating plant at the laboratory of the E.S.C.H. GmbH. The heat transmission coefficients are determined between 350 and 800 W m−2 K−1 which account for residence times of about 5 min at temperatures between 170 and 190 °C. In addition, the water content of the PL is reduced from about 9.5 wt% to less than 1 wt%. Based on the results, it can be estimated that the required throughputs can be achieved by preheating in the fluidized bed. Thus, the preheating procedure can be integrated into the E.S.C.H. Pulverized Coal Injection (PCI) technology.
Ethics and social acceptability of a proposed clinical trial using maternal gene therapy to treat severe early‐onset fetal growth restriction
Authors: Sheppard M. , Spencer R. N. , Ashcroft R. , David A. L. ,   EVERREST Consortium
Published: March 2016

Objective

To evaluate the ethical and social acceptability of a proposed clinical trial using maternal uterine artery vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene therapy to treat severe early‐onset fetal growth restriction (FGR) in pregnant women.

Methods

We conducted a literature review on the ethics and legality of experimental treatments in pregnant women, in particular advanced therapeutics. Issues that were identified from the literature helped develop interview guides for semistructured, qualitative interviews, carried out in four European countries, with 34 key stakeholders (disability groups, professional bodies and patient support groups) and 24 women/couples who had experienced a pregnancy affected by severe early‐onset FGR.

Results

The literature review identified two main questions: ‘is it ethical to give a pregnant woman a potentially risky treatment from which she does not benefit directly?’ and ‘is it ethical to treat a condition of the unborn child, who may then be born with a serious disability when, without treatment, they would have died?’. The review concluded that there were no ethical or legal objections to the intervention, or to a trial of this intervention. Overall, respondents viewed the proposed trial in positive terms. Women were generally interested in participating in clinical trials that conferred a potential benefit to their unborn child. The risk of disability of the premature child was a concern, but not considered a major stumbling block for maternal VEGF gene therapy.

Conclusions

This study did not identify any fundamental or insurmountable objections to a trial of maternal gene therapy for severe early‐onset FGR. Copyright © 2016 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Cardiac output assessment in pregnancy: comparison of two automated monitors with echocardiography
Authors: Vinayagam D. , Patey O. , Thilaganathan B. , Khalil A.
Published: March 2016

Objective

To compare non‐invasive hemodynamic measurements obtained in pregnant and postpartum women using two automated cardiac output monitors against those obtained by two‐dimensional (2D) transthoracic echocardiography (TTE).

Methods

This was a cross‐comparison study into which we recruited 114 healthy women, either with normal singleton pregnancy (across all three trimesters) or within 72 hours following delivery. Cardiac output estimations were obtained non‐invasively using two different monitors, Ultrasound Cardiac Output Monitor (USCOM®, which uses continuous‐wave Doppler analysis of transaortic blood flow) and Non‐Invasive Cardiac Output Monitor (NICOM®, which uses thoracic bioreactance), and 2D‐TTE. The performance of each monitor was assessed relative to that of TTE by calculating bias, precision, 95% limits of agreement and mean percentage difference (MPD). Intraobserver repeatability was assessed for both monitors and interobserver reproducibility was assessed for USCOM, NICOM being operator‐independent.

Results

Following exclusions due to poor‐quality results of a monitor or TTE, or for medical reasons, our analysis included 98 women (29 in the first trimester, 25 in the second and 21 in the third, and 23 postpartum). For cardiac output estimation, when compared with TTE, USCOM had a bias ranging from 0.4 to 0.9 L/min. The MPD of USCOM was 29% in the third‐trimester cohort. NICOM had a bias ranging from −1.0 to 0.6 L/min, with a MPD of 32% in the third‐trimester group. There was limited agreement between the cardiac output monitors and TTE in the first and second trimesters, with a MPD of 38% for USCOM in both first and second trimesters, and 71% and 61% for NICOM in first and second trimesters, respectively. For cardiac output estimation using USCOM, we found excellent intraobserver repeatability (intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), 0.97; 95% CI, 0.95–0.98) and interobserver reproducibility (ICC, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.81–0.94), and the repeatability for NICOM was comparable (ICC, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.93–0.97).

Conclusions

We found good agreement of both USCOM and NICOM when compared with 2D‐TTE, specifically in the third trimester of pregnancy. Both devices had good intraobserver repeatability and either had good interobserver reproducibility or were operator‐independent. Future studies should take into account the significant differences in the precise maternal hemodynamic values obtained by these devices, and consider developing device‐specific reference ranges in pregnancy and the postpartum period. Copyright © 2016 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Do Changes in Health Insurance Coverage Explain Interstate Variation in Emergency Department Utilization?
Authors: Hosseinichimeh Niyousha , Martin Erika G. , Weinberg Stephen
Published: March 2016

Emergency department (ED) utilization has increased nationally, leading to overcrowding, which in turn increases wait times, adverse clinical outcomes, and costs. We constructed a state‐level panel dataset of 50 U.S. states and the District of Columbia from 1999 to 2011 and used a first‐differencing regression model to investigate the extent to which changes in public and private health insurance coverage could account for increased ED utilization. We found that changes in health insurance coverage explained some of the variations in ED utilization; however, the magnitudes of health insurance coverage variables were very small relative to the mean of ED utilization. This suggests that anticipated increases in private health insurance coverage and the Medicaid expansion due to the Affordable Care Act will not drive large changes in ED utilization.
Promoting Disaster Resilience Through Use of Interdisciplinary Teams: A Program Evaluation of the Integrated Care Team Approach
Authors: Adams Lavonne M.
Published: March 2016

One approach humanitarian organizations may use to support community resilience following mass fatality disasters is by integrating services through formation and deployment of interdisciplinary teams. One such model is the Integrated Care Team (ICT) used by the American Red Cross. This paper describes a program evaluation conducted on the ICT, in which 120 ICT participants completed a survey. Although fewer than half of the respondents agreed that ICT members had sufficient ICT‐specific training, the majority of respondents understood their role and that of others in ICT. The majority agreed that the ICT effectively provided health services, mental health services, and spiritual care. The majority agreed that ICT effectively used community resources and provided financial support. Recommendations stemming from the evaluation include implementation of more consistent ICT‐specific training within the context of interdisciplinary collaboration, establishment of clear protocols for use of financial and other resources, and future research into effectiveness of the ICT approach.
Clara Haber, nee Immerwahr (1870–1915): Life, Work and Legacy
Authors: Friedrich Bretislav , Hoffmann Dieter
Published: March 2016

We examine the life, work, and legacy of Clara Haber, nee Immerwahr, who became the first woman to earn a doctorate from the University of Breslau, in 1900. In 1901 she married the chemist Fritz Haber. With no employment available for female scientists, Clara freelanced as an instructor in the continued education of women, mainly housewives, while struggling not to become a housewife herself. Her duties as a designated head of a posh household hardly brought fulfillment to her life. The outbreak of WWI further exacerbated the situation, as Fritz Haber applied himself in extraordinary ways to aid the German war effort. The night that he celebrated the “success” of the first chlorine cloud attack, Clara committed suicide. We found little evidence to support claims that Clara was an outspoken pacifist who took her life because of her disapproval of Fritz Haber's involvement in chemical warfare. We conclude by examining “the myth of Clara Immerwahr” that took root in the 1990s from the perspective offered by the available scholarly sources, including some untapped ones.
Intralesional Injection of Hyaluronic Acid in Patients Affected With Peyronie's Disease: Preliminary Results From a Prospective, Multicenter, Pilot Study
Authors: Zucchi Alessandro , Costantini Elisabetta , Cai Tommaso , Cavallini Giorgio , Liguori Giovanni , Favilla Vincenzo , De Grande Gaetano , D'Achille Giuseppe , Silvani Mauro , Franco Giorgio , Palmieri Alessandro , Verze Paolo , Mirone Vincenzo
Published: March 2016

Introduction

Hyaluronic acid has been shown to be efficacious in decreasing scar formation, inflammation, and oxidative stress.

Aim

To assess the efficacy of intralesional injection of hyaluronic acid in patients affected by Peyronie's disease.

Methods

In this prospective, single-arm, self-controlled, interventional, multicenter pilot study, 65 patients underwent a 10-week cycle of weekly intraplaque injections with hyaluronic acid (0.8% highly purified sodium salt hyaluronic acid 16 mg/2 mL; Sinovial, IBSA, Lodi, Italy). Patients were re-evaluated 2 months after the end of therapy.

Main Outcome Measures

Plaque size (millimeters), penile curvature (degrees), International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5) score, visual analog scale (VAS) score for sexual satisfaction, and Patient's Global Impressions of Improvement (PGI-I) score.

Results

Median age was 57 years (range = 23–70). At baseline, mean plaque size was 10 mm (range = 3–30 mm), mean penile curvature was 30° (range = 0°–50°), and mean IIEF-5 score was 20 (range = 0–25), with slight to moderate erectile dysfunction (IIEF score < 21) in 36 of 65 patients (55%). A median VAS score of 6 (range = 2–10) was found. Mean follow-up was 12 months (range = 6–24 months). Statistically significant post-treatment improvements were detected for plaque size (before treatment = 10 mm [3–30 mm], after treatment = 8 mm [1–30 mm], P < .0001), penile curvature (before treatment = 30° [0°–50°], after treatment = 20° [0°–40°], P < .0001), IIEF-5 score (before treatment = 20 [11–25], after treatment = 21 [15–25], P < .0001), and VAS score (before treatment = 6 [2–10], after treatment 8 [2–10], P < .0001). After treatment, the rate of patients with an IIEF score lower than 21 decreased from 55% (36 patients) to 40% (25 patients). Overall improvement on the PGI-I questionnaire was 69%.

Conclusion

Intralesional treatment with hyaluronic acid can improve plaque size, penile curvature, and overall sexual satisfaction and seems preferably indicated in the early (active) phase of the disease. Furthermore, it is easy to perform and well tolerated.
Validation of the Turkish Version of the Sexual Health Outcomes in Women Questionnaire (SHOW-Q) in Turkish-Speaking Women
Authors: Selcuk Selcuk , Kucukbas Mehmet , Cam Cetin , Eser Ahmet , Devranoglu Belgin , Turkyilmaz Sebnem , Karateke Ates
Published: March 2016

Introduction

The Sexual Health Outcomes in Women Questionnaire (SHOW-Q) is designed to evaluate the sexual life of women for satisfaction, orgasm, desire, and pelvic problem interference. The SHOW-Q is important for evaluating worsening of sexual life for patients with pelvic problems and the management of these women to improve their sexual life.

Aims

To validate the Turkish versions of the SHOW-Q for Turkish-speaking women.

Methods

The Turkish version of the SHOW-Q was generated by two independent professional English-to-Turkish translators. The translated version of the SHOW-Q was reverse translated by two bilingual translators whose native language was English. Women with at least one symptom related to pelvic problems (n = 71) and those with no symptoms (n = 38) were included in the present study.

Main Outcome Measures

Test-retest reliability analysis, content-face validity, internal consistency reliability, item-total correlations, convergent validity, construct validity, and factorial validity were performed to assess the psychometric properties of the Turkish versions of the SHOW-Q.

Results

Test-retest reliability demonstrated good correlation for all subscales. Cronbach α values ranged from 0.735 to 0.892 and indicated high internal consistency. There was a strong correlation for the corresponding subscales between the SHOW-Q and the Female Sexual Function Index. The mean score of each SHOW-Q subscale showed significant differences between symptomatic and asymptomatic patients.

Conclusion

The Turkish version of the SHOW-Q is a valid and reliable instrument that can be used to evaluate the sexual life of Turkish-speaking women with different pelvic problems.
The Sexual Thoughts Questionnaire: Psychometric Evaluation of a Measure to Assess Self-Reported Thoughts During Exposure to Erotica Using Sexually Functional Individuals
Authors: Sigre-Leirós Vera , Carvalho Joana , Nobre Pedro J.
Published: March 2016

Introduction

Validated instruments for assessing specific thought content during exposure to sexually explicit material are lacking.

Aim

To investigate the psychometric properties of a measure that assesses self-reported thoughts during exposure to sexual stimuli in laboratory settings, namely the Sexual Thoughts Questionnaire. The factorial structure of the questionnaire and its reliability and validity were examined.

Methods

One hundred sixty-seven sexually functional individuals (97 women and 70 men) were exposed to sexually explicit material while their genital arousal was being assessed. Subjective sexual arousal and thoughts during exposure to sexually explicit material also were assessed.

Main Outcome Measures

Women's genital arousal was measured with a vaginal photoplethysmograph and men's genital arousal was measured with an indium-gallium strain gauge. Subjective sexual arousal and thoughts during exposure to erotica were assessed with self-report scales.

Results

Principal component analysis with varimax rotation identified five factors: sexual arousal thoughts, distractive and disengaging thoughts, body image and performance thoughts, actress's physical attractiveness thoughts, and sinful and lack of affection thoughts. Moreover, the scale showed satisfactory levels of internal consistency. Studies on convergent validity showed an association between self-reported thoughts and subjective sexual arousal levels in the women and men.

Conclusion

The Sexual Thoughts Questionnaire showed adequate psychometric properties in a sexually functional sample. It could be useful in further experimental research on the role of cognitions in sexual response and allow further comparison between sexually functional and dysfunctional individuals, with possible significant implications for the assessment and treatment of sexual problems.
EXPERIENCIAS DEL EXILIO EN EL CUENTO GUATEMALTECO CONTEMPORÁNEO: “LOS EXILIADOS” DE MARIO MONTEFORTE TOLEDO, “NINGÚN LUGAR SAGRADO” DE RODRIGO REY ROSA Y “MAÑANA NUNCA LO HABLAMOS” DE EDUARDO HALFON
Authors: PERDU Vanessa
Published: March 2016

Este artículo aborda la problemática de la escritura del exilio a partirdel estudio comparado de tres cuentos de autores guatemaltecos publicadosentre 1962 y 2011: “Los exiliados”, de Mario Monteforte Toledo;“Ningún lugar sagrado”, de Rodrigo Rey Rosa, y “Mañana nunca lohablamos”, de Eduardo Halfon. El objetivo del estudio es evidenciarlos puntos comunes y las diferencias en la manera como se representaen el texto literario la experiencia del exilio, siguiendo dos parámetrosesenciales para entender esta dinámica: la representación de la patria yreconfiguración identitaria que impone el exilio.
INDIVIDUO Y SOCIEDAD EN LA POESÍA DE ANA MARÍA RODAS (GUATEMALA, 1937) Y ROSSANA ESTRADA BÚCARO (GUATEMALA, 1963)
Authors: BARRIENTOS TECUN Dante
Published: March 2016

Este estudio se interesa en la producción de las autorasAna María Rodas y Rossana Estrada Búcaro, quienes pertenecen a dosgeneraciones literarias distintas. La primera de ellas comienza a publicaren la década de 1970 y la segunda, durante los últimos años del siglopasado. Sin embargo, el discurso poético de ambas revela —desde escriturasmuy diversas— una preocupación que parte de la individualidadfemenina y se articula con la colectividad, más allá de todo discursoexclusivamente genérico. La lectura que proponemos se basa en dospoemarios: El fin de los mitos y los sueños (1984), de A. M. Rodas, yEn clave de Luna (1999), de R. Estrada Búcaro.
Middle Holocene rapid environmental changes and human adaptation in Greece
Authors: Lespez Laurent , Glais Arthur , Lopez-Saez José-Antonio , Le Drezen Yann , Tsirtsoni Zoï , Davidson Robert , Biree Laetitia , Malamidou Dimitra
Published: March 2016

Numerous researchers discuss of the collapse of civilizations in response to abrupt climate change in the Mediterranean region. The period between 6500 and 5000 cal yr BP is one of the least studied episodes of rapid climate change at the end of the Late Neolithic. This period is characterized by a dramatic decline in settlement and a cultural break in the Balkans. High-resolution paleoenvironmental proxy data obtained in the Lower Angitis Valley enables an examination of the societal responses to rapid climatic change in Greece. Development of a lasting fluvio-lacustrine environment followed by enhanced fluvial activity is evident from 6000 cal yr BP. Paleoecological data show a succession of dry events at 5800–5700, 5450 and 5000–4900 cal yr BP. These events correspond to incursion of cold air masses to the eastern Mediterranean, confirming the climatic instability of the middle Holocene climate transition. Two periods with farming and pastural activities (6300–5600 and 5100–4700 cal BP) are evident. The intervening period is marked by environmental changes, but the continuous occurrence of anthropogenic taxa suggests the persistence of human activities despite the absence of archaeological evidence. The environmental factors alone were not sufficient to trigger the observed societal changes.
Moisture Effect on Mechanical Properties of Graphene/Epoxy Nanocomposites
Authors: Liu H.-K. , Wang Y.-C. , Huang T.-H.
Published: March 2016

2-D graphene nanosheets (GNS) not only have superior mechanical properties, but stacking of GNS in composites is expected to inhibit moisture absorption. In this paper, moisture effect on tensile strength of graphene/epoxy nanocomposites is investigated. Two kinds of graphene reinforcements are used including graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (RGO) with reinforcement weight fraction WGO or WRGO in the range of 0.5 to 3.0wt%. A dispersion agent acetone is added in nanocomposites to enhance graphene dispersion. To evaluate moisture influence, those nanocomposites are soaked in two kinds of liquid including deionized water (DIW) and salt water (saline solution) for seven kinds of soaking periods of time including 24, 48, 72, 100, 400 hours, 30 days, and 60 days. After soaking test, diffusion coefficients of various composites are evaluated; besides tensile strengths of composites are measured by microforce testing machine. In order to correlate the strength with microstructure evolution, several techniques are adopted to analyze morphologies and functionalities of reinforcements and fracture surface of composites. They include Raman spectroscope, X-ray photoelectron spectroscope, and SEM. 2-D GNS are found to effectively enhance nanocomposites by moisture attack, and their corresponding reinforcing mechanisms are proposed.
Some Remarks on Davie’s Uniqueness Theorem
Authors: Shaposhnikov A. V.
Published: March 2016

We present a new approach to Davie’s theorem on the uniqueness of solutions to the equation

for almost all Brownian paths. A generalization of this result and a discussion of some closely related problems are given.
AMBITION AND DIFFERENTIATION IN THE 2015 PARIS AGREEMENT: INTERPRETATIVE POSSIBILITIES AND UNDERLYING POLITICS
Authors: Rajamani Lavanya
Published: March 2016

The 2015 Paris Agreement represents a historic achievement in multilateral diplomacy. After years of deeply discordant negotiations, Parties harnessed the political will necessary to arrive at a climate change agreement that strikes a careful balance between ambition and differentiation. The Paris Agreement contains aspirational goals, binding obligations of conduct in relation to mitigation, a rigorous system of oversight, and a nuanced form of differentiation between developed and developing countries. This article will explore the key building blocks of the Paris Agreement—ambition and differentiation—with an eye to mining the text of the Agreement for its interpretative possibilities and underlying politics.
Beyond Internal Orientalism: Dance and Nationality Discourse in the Early People's Republic of China, 1949–1954
Authors: Wilcox Emily E.
Published: March 2016

Representations of dancing minorities have often been viewed in contemporary Chinese studies as examples of a broader discursive practice of “internal Orientalism,” a concept developed by anthropologists in the mid-1990s, based on fieldwork conducted in the 1980s and early 1990s. A historical examination of state-sponsored minority dance in the early PRC (1949–54) suggests that internal Orientalism may not be a generalizable explanatory framework for minority dance and its relationship to PRC nationality discourse. During a time when external military threats to the nascent PRC loomed large, long-standing ethnic stereotypes were perceived as a vulnerability to national security and targeted for reform through new policies of state multiculturalism. Thus, rather than portraying minorities as exotic, erotic, and primitive, early PRC dance constructed minorities as models of cultural sophistication, civility, and respectability. Likewise, rather than envisioning a developmental hierarchy between Han and minority dance, national performing arts institutions established during this period constructed Han and minority dance as parallel modes of ethnic performance categorized together as a new genre, “Chinese folk dance.”
Psychiatric outcomes of bullying victimization: a study of discordant monozygotic twins
Authors: Silberg J. L. , Copeland W. , Linker J. , Moore A. A. , Roberson-Nay R. , York T. P.
Published: March 2016

Background

Bullying victimization in childhood is associated with a broad array of serious mental health disturbances, including anxiety, depression, and suicidal ideation and behavior. The key goal of this study was to evaluate whether bullying victimization is a true environmental risk factor for psychiatric disturbance using data from 145 bully-discordant monozygotic (MZ) juvenile twin pairs from the Virginia Twin Study of Adolescent Behavioral Development (VTSABD) and their follow-up into young adulthood.

Method

Since MZ twins share an identical genotype and familial environment, a higher rate of psychiatric disturbance in a bullied MZ twin compared to their non-bullied MZ co-twin would be evidence of an environmental impact of bullying victimization. Environmental correlations between being bullied and the different psychiatric traits were estimated by fitting structural equation models to the full sample of MZ and DZ twins (N = 2824). Environmental associations were further explored using the longitudinal data on the bullying-discordant MZ twins.

Results

Being bullied was associated with a wide range of psychiatric disorders in both children and young adults. The analysis of data on the MZ-discordant twins supports a genuine environmental impact of bullying victimization on childhood social anxiety [odds ratio (OR) 1.7], separation anxiety (OR 1.9), and young adult suicidal ideation (OR 1.3). There was a shared genetic influence on social anxiety and bullying victimization, consistent with social anxiety being both an antecedent and consequence of being bullied.

Conclusion

Bullying victimization in childhood is a significant environmental trauma and should be included in any mental health assessment of children and young adults.
Association of cardiac autonomic modulation with physical and clinical features of young people with type 1 diabetes
Authors: Silva Anne K. F. , Christofaro Diego G. D. , Vanderlei Franciele M. , Barbosa Marianne P. C. R. , Garner David M. , Vanderlei Luiz C. M.
Published: March 2016

Objective

The objective of this study was to verify possible associations between heart rate variability indices and physical activity, body composition, and metabolic and cardiovascular parameters in individuals with type 1 diabetes.

Method

A total of 39 young patients with type 1 diabetes were included. Body composition, physical activity, cardiovascular parameters, and metabolic parameters were assessed. For the heart rate variability analysis, heart rate was recorded beat-by-beat using a Polar S810i heart rate monitor for 30 minutes, with the volunteers in the supine position; subsequently, the following indices were considered: standard deviation of all normal RR intervals; root-mean square of differences between adjacent normal RR intervals in a time interval; percentage of adjacent RR intervals with a difference of duration >50 ms; high frequency component in milliseconds squared; high frequency component in normalised units; standard deviation of the instantaneous variability beat-to-beat; and standard deviation of the long-term variability. The association between the heart rate variability indices and independent variables was verified through linear regression in unadjusted and adjusted models (considering gender and age). The statistical significance was set at 5% and the confidence interval at 95%.

Results

High values of at-rest heart rate were associated with reduced parasympathetic activity and global heart rate variability, and higher values of waist-to-hip ratio were related to lower parasympathetic activity, independent of age or gender.

Conclusion

For young patients with type 1 diabetes, increases in at-rest heart rate values are associated with reduced parasympathetic activity and global heart rate variability, whereas higher waist-to-hip ratio values are related to lower parasympathetic activity, both independent of age and gender.
Predicting Intraseasonal to Seasonal Climate Variation
Authors: Doi Takeshi
Published: March 2016

Tropical Precipitation System Workshop 2015; Yokohama, Japan, 3–4 September 2015
Fipronil application on rice paddy fields reduces densities of common skimmer and scarlet skimmer
Authors: Kasai Atsushi , Hayashi Takehiko I. , Ohnishi Hitoshi , Suzuki Kazutaka , Hayasaka Daisuke , Goka Koichi
Published: March 2016

Several reports suggested that rice seedling nursery-box application of some systemic insecticides (neonicotinoids and fipronil) is the cause of the decline in dragonfly species noted since the 1990s in Japan. We conducted paddy mesocosm experiments to investigate the effect of the systemic insecticides clothianidin, fipronil and chlorantraniliprole on rice paddy field biological communities. Concentrations of all insecticides in the paddy water were reduced to the limit of detection within 3 months after application. However, residuals of these insecticides in the paddy soil were detected throughout the experimental period. Plankton species were affected by clothianidin and chlorantraniliprole right after the applications, but they recovered after the concentrations decreased. On the other hand, the effects of fipronil treatment, especially on Odonata, were larger than those of any other treatment. The number of adult dragonflies completing eclosion was severely decreased in the fipronil treatment. These results suggest that the accumulation of these insecticides in paddy soil reduces biodiversity by eliminating dragonfly nymphs, which occupy a high trophic level in paddy fields.
Precipitation of a new platelet phase during the quenching of an Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy
Authors: Zhang Yong , Weyland Matthew , Milkereit Benjamin , Reich Michael , Rometsch Paul A.
Published: March 2016

A previously undescribed high aspect ratio strengthening platelet phase, herein named the Y-phase, has been identified in a commercial Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy. Differential scanning calorimetry indicates that this phase only precipitates at temperature and cooling rate of about 150–250 °C and 0.05–300 K/s, respectively. This precipitate is shown to be responsible for a noticeable improvement in mechanical properties. Aberration corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy demonstrates the minimal thickness (~1.4 nm) precipitate plates are isostructural to those of the T1 (Al2CuLi) phase observed in Al-Cu-Li alloys. Low voltage chemical analysis by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and electron energy loss spectroscopy gives evidence of the spatial partitioning of the Al, Cu and Zn within the Y-phase, as well as demonstrating the incorporation of a small amount of Mg.
Towards manipulating relativistic laser pulses with micro-tube plasma lenses
Authors: Ji L. L. , Snyder J. , Pukhov A. , Freeman R. R. , Akli K. U.
Published: March 2016

Efficient coupling of intense laser pulses to solid-density matter is critical to many applications including ion acceleration for cancer therapy. At relativistic intensities, the focus has been mainly on investigating various laser beams irradiating initially overdense flat interfaces with little or no control over the interaction. Here, we propose a novel approach that leverages recent advancements in 3D direct laser writing (DLW) of materials and high contrast lasers to manipulate the laser-matter interactions on the micro-scales. We demonstrate, via simulations, that usable intensities ≥1023 Wcm−2 could be achieved with current tabletop lasers coupled to micro-engineered plasma lenses. We show that these plasma optical elements act as a lens to focus laser light. These results open new paths to engineering light-matter interactions at ultra-relativistic intensities.
Fabrication and characterization of a novel PbO2 electrode with a CNT interlayer
Authors: Duan Xiaoyue , Li Jiarun , Liu Wei , Chang Limin , Yang Chunwei
Published: March 2016

A novel PbO2 electrode (marked as CNT–PbO2) with a carbon nanotube (CNT) interlayer was prepared by electrophoretic deposition and electro-deposition.
Combined experimental/theoretical study ofd-glucosamine promoted Ullmann-type C–N coupling catalyzed by copper(i): does amino really count?
Authors: Ge Xin , Chen Xinzhi , Qian Chao , Zhou Shaodong
Published: March 2016

Ullmann type C–N coupling reaction catalyzed by copper(i) withd-glucosamine derivatives as promoters was studied by means of combined experimental/theoretical investigation.
Overview of linear time‐invariant interval observer design: towards a non‐smooth optimisation‐based approach
Authors: Chambon Emmanuel , Burlion Laurent , Apkarian Pierre
Published: March 2016

Some applications in control require the state vector of a system to be expressed in the appropriate coordinates so as to satisfy to some mathematical properties which constrain the studied system dynamics. This is the case with the theory of linear interval observers which are trivial to implement on cooperative systems, a rather limited class of control systems. The available literature shows how to enforce this limiting cooperativity condition for any considered system through a state‐coordinate transformation. This study proposes an overview of the existing numerical techniques to determine such a transformation. It is shown that in spite of being practical, these techniques have some limitations. Consequently, a reformulation of the problem is proposed so as to apply non‐smooth control design techniques. A solution is obtained in both the continuous‐ and discrete‐time frameworks. Interestingly, the new method allows to formulate additional control constraints. Simulations are performed on three examples.
Evaluation studies of a sensing technique for electrostatic charge polarity of pharmaceutical particulates
Authors: Hussain Tariq , Deng Tong , Bradley Michael Samuel Arthur , Armour‐Chélu David , Gorman Terry , Kaialy Waseem
Published: March 2016

Electrostatic charge due to inter‐particle and particle‐to‐wall contacts may generate significant hazards during the processing of particulates within the pharmaceutical industry. Although charge behaviour of particulates is erratic and not easy to predict, it would be desirable to characterise the tendency of tribocharging prior to manufacturing. The work reported in this study concentrates on a new and novel technique for the detection of the active ingredient and excipient in a bipolar material. Three different case studies are presented for demonstration of the applicability of the method in different practical situations. Work confirmed through an experimental rig set‐up indicates that materials that accumulate opposite charge via contact and rubbing can be detected from their charge sign as well as their relative magnitude. The results reported clearly demonstrated that the developed method for charge characterisation is a useful tool to understand how the charges are distributed in a population of particles showing a number of advantages over conventional methods.
Discrimination between internal fault and magnetising inrush currents of power transformers in the presence of a superconducting fault current limiter applied to the neutral point
Authors: Sahebi Ali , Samet Haidar
Published: March 2016

The phase‐to‐ground fault is the most probable fault in power systems. Generally, the neutral grounding resistor is utilised to limit the current for this fault. However, this resistor decreases the sensitivity of the differential protection. The fault current limiter (FCL) is an attractive candidate to be used instead of the regular grounding resistor. FCL only operates for high fault currents and has a negligible resistance for normal or low current faults conditions. Therefore, it reduces the high fault currents while not affecting the sensitivity of the differential protection. However, the signals used as inputs of the differential protection may be adversely affected by the FCL and this may lead to wrong operation of this protection. A comprehensive study is required to evaluate the performance of differential protection algorithms in the presence of a FCL in the neutral point. This study analyses the impact of high‐temperature resistive superconducting FCLs (SFCLs) existed in the neutral point on transformer inrush current discrimination methods. Some well‐known methods for discrimination of an internal fault from inrush current are evaluated in the presence of SFCLs. Furthermore, through extensive simulations, their performance is compared with and without the presence of SFCLs.
April, April
Authors: Glatzer Ulrich
Published: March 2016

Politische Wirren in Hamburg haben den Verkauf des kommunalen Klinikbetriebs LBK an die Asklepios Kliniken GmbH vorläufig scheitern lassen. Erst nach den Neuwahlen am 29. Februar soll erneut über das Thema beraten werden. Allerdings ist der Ausgang unsicherer denn je, weil niemand weiss, ob die neue Regierung einen Verkauf überhaupt noch in Erwägung ziehen wird. Und auch Asklepios will sich nicht festlegen, ob man als Investor dann noch zur Verfügung stehen wird.
Doppelt bestraft
Authors: Goslich Lorenz
Published: March 2016

Mit gemischten Gefühlen verfolgen führende Mediziner die Vorgänge in der deutschen Gesundheitspolitik. Kritisch meldet sich im Gespräch mit Klinik Management Aktuell Christoph Nerl zu Wort, der Chefarzt der 1. Medizinischen Abteilung im Städtischen Krankenhaus München-Schwabing. Er beklagt deutliche Verschlechterungen für die Kliniken und befürchtet offen negative Auswirkungen auf die Versorgung vieler Patienten.
Schnappschuss vom Krankenhausstandort Deutschland
Authors: Mühlnikel Ingrid
Published: March 2016

2001 begann die Arbeit der Bundesgeschäftsstelle für Qualitätssicherung (BQS) in Düsseldorf. Seitdem müssen alle Krankenhäuser in ausgewählten Leistungsbereichen ihre Fälle dokumentieren – nicht immer aus Überzeugung. Anfängliche Kinderkrankheiten wurden beseitigt, das Verfahren gestrafft. Geschäftsführer Volker Mohr ist zuversichtlich, dass es sich in naher Zukunft kein Krankenhaus mehr leisten kann, die Ergebnisse der BQS zu ignorieren. Die Kritiker sehen das freilich anders.
Vorerst bleibt es bei 14,5 Prozent
Authors: Mühlnikel Ingrid
Published: March 2016

Das Bundesversicherungsamt (BVA) hat dazwischen gefunkt. Es genehmigte der Securvita BKK nicht die Beitragssatzsenkung um 1,6 Prozentpunkte auf 12.9. Der Streit geht neben dem Abbau des Schuldenstands von 12 Millionen Euro, vor allen Dingen um die Verteilung der Einnahmen durch die Tabaksteuer. Die Ministerin lenkt ein, doch die Verlierer sind erst einmal die Versicherten. Ein Gespräch mit Ellis Huber, Vorstand der Securvita BKK in Hamburg, vormals streitbarer Präsident der Berliner Ärztekammer.
Das Undenkbare denken
Authors: Glatzer Ulrich
Published: March 2016

Im Schweizer Paraplegiker-Zentrum in Nottwil ist realisiert, was in anderen Krankenhäusern noch Zukunftsmusik ist: Patientenakten existieren nur noch in digitaler Form. Damit trotzdem der Zugriff auf die Patientendaten zu jeder Zeit gewährleistet ist, wurde ein ausgeklügeltes Sicherheitskonzept entwickelt.
Wirtschaftlichkeitsfrage
Authors: Brückner Martina , Paul Wolfgang
Published: March 2016

Die Neufassung des Sozialgesetzbuches (SGB) V ermöglicht Krankenhäusern ab dem 1. Januar 2004 die Durchführung ambulanter Eingriffe. Hierzu zählen erstmals auch Gastro- und Koloskopien. Selbst wenn sich das als wirtschaftlich lohnend erweist, wird es erfolgreich nur in integrierten Versorgungsmodellen möglich sein.
Mit Sensordraht gegen den Herzinfarkt
Authors: Rühmkorf Daniel
Published: March 2016

Herkömmliche zweidimensionale Diagnoseverfahren bergen ein erhebliches Fehlerrisiko für Ärzte und Patienten. Neben neuen dreidimensionalen bildgebenden Verfahren kann die intrakoronare Druckmessung mit Hilfe eines Sensordrahts Fortschritte bringen.
„Der Care-Markt hat oberste Priorität“
Authors: Pietsch Rüdiger
Published: March 2016

Um die Dussmann-Gruppe, die noch vor wenigen Jahren mit einer dynamischen Marketingstrategie auf sich aufmerksam machte und während der Wende 1989/90 spektakulär den ostdeutschen Markt eroberte, ist es in den letzten Jahren für außenstehende Betrachter ruhiger geworden. Obwohl Pedus Service 1968 als erster externer Dienstleister die Gesamtreinigung eines Krankenhauses in Garmisch-Partenkirchen übernahm und 1978 in Nordrhein-Westfalen den ersten Auftrag für die Patientenverpflegung eines 800-Betten-Hauses erhielt, schien es so, als lenke die Dussmann-Gruppe ihre Absatzstrategie verstärkt hin zu Industrie-Dienstleistungen. Der Schein trügt: Noch immer entfallen 51 Prozent des deutschen Umsatzes allein auf den Care-Markt – unter anderem auf ca. 300 Krankenhäuser. Und wie das Unternehmen KMA gegenüber versichert, will es 2004 mit dem Dussmann Care Concept eine neue Offensive starten.
Medizinische Online-Prüfung auf Jamaika
Authors: Zietemann Franziska
Published: March 2016

Vor vier Jahren war der Begriff “UMTS-Lizenzen” in aller Munde. Danach geriet dieses Schlagwort aus der Telekommunikationsbranche etwas in Vergessenheit. Für einige 100 Bildungseinrichtungen und -institute bleib das Thema jedoch aktuell. Denn das Ministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF) legte ein Förderprogramm “Neue Medien in der Bildung” auf, dass zum größten Teil aus Mitteln des Verkaufs der UMTS-Lizenzen finanziert wurde.
Nichts ist so praktisch wie eine gute Theorie
Authors: Zietemann Franziska
Published: March 2016

Welche Studienrichtungen werden im Krankenhaus der Zukunft gefragt sein? Pauschal lässt sich diese Frage nicht beantworten, schließlich ist der Bedarf am Markt entscheidend. Dennoch ist ein Trend abzusehen: Kenntnisse des Managements und der Ökonomie sind gefragt. Die Grundlagen hierfür sollten in der Theorie erworben werden. Denn nur so kann man flexibel auf Veränderungen reagieren und ist unabhängig von aktuellen Entwicklungen. Nach Meinung von Günter Neubauer brauchen wir deshalb eine bessere theoretische Ausbildung. Diese sollte allerdings im Wechsel mit praktischen Phasen stehen: Lebenslanges lernen und arbeiten also auch im Gesundheitsbereich.
Zukunftsstrategien für die Immobilie Krankenhaus
Authors: Sure Reinfried
Published: March 2016

Verbandsnachrichten der FKT - Fachvereinigung Krankenhaustechnik (e. V.). Diese Seiten sind nur als PDF-Dokument verfügbar.
„Eingebettete Echtzeitsysteme“
Authors: Mostler Detlef
Published: March 2016

Verbandsnachrichten der ÖVKT - Österreichischer Verband der Krankenhaustechniker. Diese Seiten sind nur als PDF-Dokument verfügbar.
Deutschland zieht nach
Authors: Mühlnikel Ingrid
Published: March 2016

Holland hat schon lange eine Vorreiterrolle in der Brustkrebs-Früherkennung. Jetzt wird endlich auch in Deutschland ein entsprechendes System aufgebaut. Neue Richtlinien und Eckpunkte für ein flächendeckendes Programm sind jetzt in Kraft getreten
Milliarden durch Zusatzleistungen
Authors: Mühlnikel Ingrid
Published: March 2016

Trotz der gegenwärtigen Auseinandersetzungen um die Praxisgebühr hat die Bereitschaft, selbst für bestimmte medizinsche Leistungen zu bezahlen, in den vergangenen Jahren deutlich zugenommen. In den Praxen von Niedergelassenen entsteht ein milliardenschwerer Markt für medizinische Zusatzleistungen.
Der große Deal mit der kleinen Pille
Authors: Mühlnikel Ingrid
Published: March 2016

Arzneimittelfälschungen sind ein lukratives Geschäft – besonders in Deutschland wo die Arzneimittelpreise im europäischen Vergleich immer noch hoch sind. Deswegen blüht ein regelrechter Handel mit umverpackter Ware, die hier für gutes Geld verkauft wird. Das Problem ist allen Seiten bekannt, doch es passiert eigenartig wenig, um den Fälschern das Handwerk zu legen.
Spitzentechnologie braucht Spitzenuniversitäten
Authors: Hoffmann Georg
Published: March 2016

Der Bundeskanzler hat zum Jahresbeginn mit einer Innovationsoffensive eine längst fällige Diskussion über Elite-Universitäten in Deutschland ausgelöst. Der Vergleich mit den USA hinkt zwar, denn die dafür nötigen Summen lägen im zweistelligen Milliardenbereich. Auch wenn dies angesichts der öffentlichen Armut bei Bund und Ländern völlig utopisch ist, gibt es brauchbare Konzepte – Beispiel die ETH Zürich.
Freiwillige VOR?
Authors: Ghanaat Henrik
Published: March 2016

Es ist das übliche Spiel, mit den üblichen Beteiligten. Kaum fordern Politiker die Abschaffung des Zivildienstes, warnen die Wohlfahrtsverbände vor einer Verschlechterung der Versorgung. Die Bundesregierung setzt auf den verstärkten Einsatz von Freiwilligen. Allerdings: Auch Freiwillige kosten Geld – und woher es kommen soll, ist offen.
Schwaches Plus
Authors: Schmidt Hartmut
Published: March 2016

Wer im vergangenen halben Jahr auf deutsche Aktien setzte, konnte nicht viel falsch machen: Der Dax hat seit Juni 2003 um 25 Prozent zugelegt, der Mdax ist im selben Zeitraum sogar um 35 Prozent gestiegen. Klinik­aktien hätte der Anleger aber nicht kaufen sollen: Sie lagen zwar ebenfalls im Plus, hinkten dem Markt aber deutlich hinterher.
Überholte Kriterien
Authors: Schmidt Hartmut
Published: March 2016

Klassische Bewertungsparameter wie das Kurs-Gewinn-Verhältnis oder die Dividendenrendite sollen dazu beitragen, den angemessenen Wert eines Unternehmens zu bestimmen. Doch Profis verlassen sich kaum noch auf sie.
Alles im Kasten
Authors: Ghanaat Henrik
Published: March 2016

Die Videoaufzeichnung von Operationen wird in immer mehr Kliniken zum Standard. Doch viele Häuser schlagen sich mit einer veralteten Technik herum: mit analogen Videokassetten, die aufwändig verwaltet werden müssen. Abhilfe verspricht das bayerische Unternehmen AM Klinikpartner: Es hat ein digitales Aufzeichnungs- und Archivierungssystem entwickelt, das leicht zu bedienen und nahezu ausfallsicher ist.
Lust auf Pflege
Authors: Zietemann Franziska
Published: March 2016

Bühne frei: Der Fachkongress Pflege 2004 in Berlin eröffnete den Reigen der diesjährigen Pflegekongresse und gab einen Vorgeschmack auf die Themen, die in den kommenden elf Monaten die Branche bewegen werden.
tatort Krankenaus
Authors: Goslich Lorenz
Published: March 2016

Angst und bange kann einem werden, wenn man Experten über die Sicherheit in Krankenhäusern reden hört: Da werden wahre Horrorszenarien gemalt. Kritisiert werden zu lockere Zugangskontrollen, mangelhafte Alarmanlagen, unzureichend geschulte Mitarbeiter und viele andere Defizite. Abhilfe tut dringend not – und wird von einigen Unternehmen als Dienstleistung angeboten.