bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluating Supply Chains Based on the Novel Network Data Envelopment Analysis Model
Authors: Ghasem Nazanin , Kashan Ali Husseinzadeh , Najafi Seyed Esmaeel
Published: August 2023

In today’s competitive world, organizations are required to respond to customers and their stakeholders whose goals are profit, cost reduction, quality improvement, and customer satisfaction. Therefore, it is vital to realize the ways for continuous quality improvement, customer satisfaction and organizational performance management. A performance measurement system should be designed to consider the chain specifications of the network and its interrelations. Data envelopment analysis (DEA) is broadly used to evaluate the relative performance of a set of manufacturing processes because their models do not require considering the precise production functions. In this paper, a new approach based on network DEA is developed to evaluate the performance of an organization’s supply chain. The proposed model considers different constraints simultaneously. The purpose of this research is to provide a new approach by effective network DEA in order to evaluate the supply chains with different assumptions. This model is input–output-oriented and has a target setting, considering dual-role factors and desirable/undesirable outputs as well as flexible intermediate measures to evaluate the efficiency in a more realistic situation. Finally, a case study in drink industry is reanalyzed relying on the proposed model, and the results are presented and discussed. The results show that the approach presented in this research by considering the targets for inputs and outputs, in addition to improving efficiency, can also calculate and report the distance between DMUs and their targets. Also, the proposed model by considering the dual-role factors, desirable and undesirable outputs, has provided a comprehensive method that with all of these assumptions can evaluate the network DMUs under more realistic conditions. So, through this model with the considered assumptions, not only the efficiency scores of the units can be calculated but also an analysis of how to improve the units is also obtained according to the decision makers’ opinion.
On influence of self-heating of a p–n-heterojunction on its properties
Authors: Pankratov E. L.
Published: August 2023

In this paper, we consider a model for prognosis of the effect of self-heating of a p–n-heterojunction on its properties. An analytical approach is given for analyzing the processes in the framework of the model.
Iterated stochastic integrals and random velocity fluctuations
Authors: Yamamuro Kouji
Published: August 2023

Iterated stochastic integrals of nonrandom integrands are constructed in the two-dimensional case. They are applied to the velocity fluctuations in a two-dimensional flow and mean kinetic energy of the velocity fluctuations is discussed.
The study of line graphs of subdivision graphs of some rooted product graphs via K-Banhatti indices
Authors: Gowtham K. J. , Narahari N.
Published: August 2023

The degree-based topological indices are numerical graph invariants that are used to link a molecule’s structural characteristics to its physical, and chemical characteristics. In the investigation, and study of the structural features of a chemical network, it has emerged as one of the most potent mathematical techniques. In this paper, we study the degree-based topological invariants, called K-Banhatti indices, of the line graphs of some rooted product graphs namely, [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], and ith vertex rooted product graph [Formula: see text] which are derived by the concept of subdivision.
On the control of transport of a medicinal product in an organism
Authors: Pankratov Evgeny L.
Published: August 2023

In this paper, we introduce a model of transport of a medicinal product in an organism. The model is based on the estimation of spatio-temporal distribution of concentration of product. We introduce an analytical approach for analysis of the considered transport taking into account the changing conditions. We consider the possibility to accelerate and decelerate transport of the above medicinal product.
On fuzzification and optimization problems of clustering indices
Authors: Sope Devi Rahmah , Mitsuhiko Fujio
Published: August 2023

Results of clustering are qualitatively evaluated by quantities called clustering indices. While many clustering indices are proposed, in B. Desgraupes [Clustering Indices (2016)], Desgraupes reviewed 27 indices, most of which are applicable only to crisp clustering and only one of which is applicable to fuzzy clustering. In the previous article [D. R. Sope and M. Fujio, On a fuzzification of clustering indices, in Proc. Fuzzy System Symposium of the Japan Intelligent Information Fuzzy Society, Vol. 35 (2002), pp. 443–448], the authors gazed on analytic 3 indices among them and modified them to fit fuzzy clustering by regarding the membership degrees as distribution functions of objects over clusters. In this paper, this method called fuzzification, is applied to all the indices of Desgraupes. This investigation also includes optimization of indices. A significant benefit of fuzzy clustering is that the membership degrees allow the optimization problems to be treated as continuous, whereas the ones in the crisp case are discrete, making it generally easier to solve. After giving a precise description of fuzzification which is briefly given in D. R. Sope and M. Fujio [On a fuzzification of clustering indices, in Proc. Fuzzy System Symposium of the Japan Intelligent Information Fuzzy Society, Vol. 35 (2002), pp. 443–448], the authors fuzzify all of 27 indices of Desgraupes and then solve the fuzzy clustering problems having 13 analytic indices among them as the objective functions by the gradient method.
O legado invisibilizado do pensamento de Gilda de Mello e Souza
Authors: Palhares Taisa
Published: August 2023

O presente artigo busca compreender a presença deslocada da ensaísta, crítica de arte e professora Gilda de Mello e Souza na área de estética no Brasil. Trata-se de uma análise inicial dos elementos que enquadram a recepção de sua produção a fim de esboçar o processo de invisibilidade que a atingiu nas últimas décadas. Por fim, apontamos o conceito de “estética pobre”, cunhado pela autora como um caminho de pesquisa para o estudo de sua contribuição ao pensamento brasileiro.
The imaginary childhood: for a philosophical-anthropology of the child
Authors: Reis Magali
Published: August 2023

This article analyzes childhood by the philosophical-anthropology perspective. Different ideologies connect children and their infancies to models or patterns that, in truth, are particular formulations and represent interests of groups, in special of those that exert some form of power to impose to society a crystallized conception of childhood. The singularity of child’s caricature drawn by “philosophies” displays refractory perceptions of infancy; from them certain concepts had been demarcated, profitably reproduced and very little questioned by occidental pedagogy following developments.
Negacionismo e educação: implicações e desafios à formação de professores na pós-graduação stricto sensu
Authors: Pessoa Amanda Raquel Rodrigues , Farias Isabel Maria Sabino de
Published: August 2023

Neste texto se discute o lugar da pós-graduação stricto sensu frente aos rebatimentos do discurso negacionista na educação e na formação de professores para o fortalecimento da defesa de um projeto educacional socialmente referenciado, de caráter emancipatório. Optamos por um ensaio teórico com suporte em evidências da leitura (BELL, 2008). A pós-graduação stricto sensu em educação, como espaço de produção de conhecimento, tem o desafio de produzir algo acessível e disseminado em espaços educacionais e em todas as esferas da vida social.
Images of Pain, Images of Hope: African Films as Narrative Theologies of Gender and Sexuality
Authors: Knauss Stefanie
Published: August 2023

Cinema is one of the great media of storytelling that, with its images and sounds, draws viewers into a different world and addresses their bodies, minds, and hearts. In this contribution, I will develop an argument for African cinema as a source of narrative theology that is contextual and liberative in its critical and constructive functions. In conversation with African women’s and queer theologies, I will then reconstruct the narrative theologies emerging from films produced in Africa that address women’s issues and diverse sexualities. I argue that they develop, through images of the pain of sexism and homophobia, a theology of hope of flourishing life. Thus, they contribute to the life of a church that is able to overcome prejudice, recognizes the gifts of its diverse communities, and is a space for all to flourish in love.
Typology and Characterization: Reading Portraits of Identity in Mk. 1:35 and 6:46
Authors: Glowasky Michael
Published: August 2023

The discovery of Jesus’ identity as the Messiah is often understood to be the central driving force of the first half of Mark’s narrative (1:14–8:30). However, from the perspective of narrative continuity, it is not always clear how each of the micro-narratives within the larger narrative unit support this purpose. Particularly puzzling in this regard is the two instances where the author briefly describes Jesus going away to pray privately by himself (1:35; 6:46). While these two verses have often been overlooked by scholars when considering Mark’s narrative purpose, this essay considers these two micro-narratives as important instances of indirect characterization, arguing that they develop layers of narrative typology in order to characterize Jesus as a key figure within Israel’s prophetic tradition.
Using Video and Multimodal Classroom Interaction Analysis to Investigate How Information, Misinformation, and Disinformation Influence Pedagogy
Authors: Riordan John-Paul , Revell Lynn , Bowie Bob , Thomas Caroline , Woolley Mary , Hulbert Sabina
Published: August 2023

Misinformation is accidentally wrong and disinformation is deliberately incorrect (i.e., deception). This article uses the Pedagogy Analysis Framework (paf) to investigate how information, misinformation, and disinformation influence classroom pedagogy. 95 people participated (i.e., one lesson with 7-year-olds, another with 10-year-olds, and three with a class of 13-year-olds). The authors used four video-based methods (lesson video analysis, teacher verbal protocols, pupil group verbal protocols, and teacher interviews). 35 hours of video data (recorded 2013–2020) were analysed using Grounded Theory Methods by the researchers, the class teachers, and groups of pupils (three girls and three boys). The methodology was Straussian Grounded Theory. The authors present how often participants used information, misinformation, and disinformation. They illustrate how the paf helps understand and explain information, misinformation, and disinformation in the classroom by analysing video data transcripts. In addition, the authors discuss participant perceptions of the status of information; overlapping information, misinformation, and disinformation; and information communication difficulties.
DOMINANT SPECIES OF THE GENUS PROTOPERIDINIUM BERGH (PERIDINIALES: PROTOPERIDINIACEAE) IN THE BLACK SEA
Authors: KRAKHMALNYI ALEKSANDR F. , KRAKHMALNYI MAXIM A. , TERENKO GALYNA V. , GONCHARENKO IGOR V.
Published: August 2023

To date, 59 species (61 including infraspecific taxa) of the heterotrophic genus Protoperidinium have been found in the Black Sea. With rare exceptions, the records of most species were not confirmed by either line drawings or microphotographs, and lacked indications of important diagnostic traits. To partially correct these deficiencies, we conducted morphological examinations of the dominant Protoperidinium species in the Black Sea. The study provides original descriptions, line drawings, and microphotographs of 22 species of Protoperidinium with their global distribution maps. Protoperidinium quadrioblongum is reported from the Black Sea for the first time.
A tunable metamaterial using a single beam element with quasi-zero-stiffness characteristics for low-frequency vibration isolation
Authors: Dalela Srajan , PS Balaji , Jena Dibya Prakash , Leblouba Moussa
Published: August 2023

Quasi-zero-stiffness (QZS) isolators exhibit high-static and low-dynamic stiffness without sacrificing the load-bearing capacity and with the ability to shield the vibration in low-frequency ranges. Most of the current designs possess QZS property using a combination of positive stiffness element with negative stiffness element, increasing the complexity of the model. In the present research, a single-element mechanical metamaterial is tailored to obtain the QZS property. The building block consists of a single elastically-deformed beam, and the static results of the 3D-printed metastructure demonstrate QZS behavior. A mathematical model is developed for studying the nonlinear behavior of the proposed model, and the dynamic equation is solved using Harmonic-Balance method. Further, an experiment is performed to confirm the vibration isolation capability of the proposed model in low-frequency ranges. Stability analysis is performed mathematically using the perturbation analysis. The QZS mechanism obtained here solely depends on the flexible beam’s geometrical configuration, hence making the design strategy material independent.
Predicted aerosol dosimetry for mouse models of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cardiovascular disease and lung cancer
Authors: Oldham Michael J. , Lucci Francesco , Kuczaj Arkadiusz K.
Published: August 2023

Introduction

For in vivo inhalation studies, aerosol dosimetry links aerosol exposure and deposited dose within the respiratory tract. Aerosol dosimetry programs like the Multiple Path Particle Deposition model utilize respiratory tract geometry, respiratory physiology, and aerosol properties to predict particle deposition within the respiratory tract. A challenge to wider use of these dosimetry programs for in vivo inhalation studies is the lack of species-specific or strain specific respiratory tract anatomy, and in some cases, strain specific respiratory physiology data. The objective of this work was to develop aerosol dosimetry predictions for the in vivo human disease models of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD; C57BL/6 mice) cardiovascular disease (CVD; ApoE-/- mice), and lung cancer (AJ mice) using the Multiple Path Particle Deposition dosimetry model.

Methods

Microcomputed tomography derived tracheobronchial geometry data were combined with available pulmonary geometry data for C57BL/6, ApoE-/-, and AJ mice and incorporated into the Multiple Path Particle Deposition dosimetry model. Mouse strain specific respiratory physiology literature values were used as input into the Multiple Path Particle Deposition dosimetry model.

Results

The resulting particle deposition predictions compared well with the very limited strain specific experimental particle deposition data. Since multiple tracheobronchial geometries and thus pulmonary anatomies were used for C57BL/6 and ApoE-/- mice, an estimate of intrastrain variability in predicted particle deposition was obtained.

Discussion and Conclusions

The intrastrain variability in predicted particle deposition for C57BL/6 and ApoE-/- mice was always smaller in the tracheobronchial compared to pulmonary airways. The differences in reported respiratory physiology values for C57BL/6 mice resulted in greater intrastrain variability in predicted particle deposition than observed with the different tracheobronchial geometries and pulmonary anatomies. These mouse strain specific aerosol dosimetry predictions can provide insight into the delivered dose to specific respiratory tract regions that can be correlated with in vivo endpoints.
Structural and gene composition variation of the complete mitochondrial genome of Mammillaria huitzilopochtli (Cactaceae, Caryophyllales), revealed by de novo assembly
Authors: Cruz Plancarte David , Solórzano Sofía
Published: August 2023

Background

Structural descriptions of complete genomes have elucidated evolutionary processes in angiosperms. In Cactaceae (Caryophyllales), a high structural diversity of the chloroplast genome has been identified within and among genera. In this study, we assembled the first mitochondrial genome (mtDNA) for the short-globose cactus Mammillaria huitzilopochtli. For comparative purposes, we used the published genomes of 19 different angiosperms and the gymnosperm Cycas taitungensis as an external group for phylogenetic issues.

Results

The mtDNA of M. huitzilopochtli was assembled into one linear chromosome of 2,052,004 bp, in which 65 genes were annotated. These genes account for 57,606 bp including 34 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 27 tRNAs, and three rRNAs. In the non-coding sequences, repeats were abundant, with a total of 4,550 (179,215 bp). In addition, five complete genes (psaC and four tRNAs) of chloroplast origin were documented. Negative selection was estimated for most (23) of the PCGs. The phylogenetic tree showed a topology consistent with previous analyses based on the chloroplast genome.

Conclusions

The number and type of genes contained in the mtDNA of M. huitzilopochtli were similar to those reported in 19 other angiosperm species, regardless of their phylogenetic relationships. Although other Caryophyllids exhibit strong differences in structural arrangement and total size of mtDNA, these differences do not result in an increase in the typical number and types of genes found in M. huitzilopochtli. We concluded that the total size of mtDNA in angiosperms increases by the lengthening of the non-coding sequences rather than a significant gain of coding genes.
How nursing students learn infection control education through undergraduate nursing programs: a phenomenographic research study
Authors: Chang Sung Ok , Sohng Kyeong-Yae , Kim Kyunghee , Won Jongsoon , Chaung Seung-Kyo , Choi Min-Jung
Published: August 2023

Background

Competency in infection control is crucial for implementing nursing best practices to ensure patient safety. However, research is lacking on the infection control education received by nursing students prior to entering clinical settings as nurses. This study aimed to explore how nursing students conceptualize infection control care in undergraduate nursing programs.

Methods

This study employed a qualitative research method using phenomenography. Universities providing undergraduate nursing programs in Korea. Thirty nursing students: 10 students each from the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th years of five undergraduate programs. Data were collected from May 2019 to February 2020 through semi-structured interviews and analyzed using a phenomenographic analysis procedure.

Results

Six descriptive categories were derived inductively for nursing students’ frames of reference regarding infection control care and six descriptive categories of how nursing students learned about infection control care. The structural framework of the identified categories, about how nursing students learn about infection control care, was presented as an outcome space.

Conclusions

Given that nursing students demonstrate diverse conceptualizations of infection control and are at varying levels of learning, professors and clinical mentors need to develop theoretical education and clinical practice opportunities that consider these differences.
Assessing the acceptability of technological health innovations in sub-Saharan Africa: a scoping review and a best fit framework synthesis
Authors: Louart Sarah , Hedible Gildas Boris , Ridde Valéry
Published: August 2023

Acceptability is a key concept used to analyze the introduction of a health innovation in a specific setting. However, there seems to be a lack of clarity in this notion, both conceptually and practically. In low and middle-income countries, programs to support the diffusion of new technological tools are multiplying. They face challenges and difficulties that need to be understood with an in-depth analysis of the acceptability of these innovations. We performed a scoping review to explore the theories, methods and conceptual frameworks that have been used to measure and understand the acceptability of technological health innovations in sub-Saharan Africa. The review confirmed the lack of common definitions, conceptualizations and practical tools addressing the acceptability of health innovations. To synthesize and combine evidence, both theoretically and empirically, we then used the "best fit framework synthesis" method. Based on five conceptual and theoretical frameworks from scientific literature and evidence from 33 empirical studies, we built a conceptual framework in order to understand the acceptability of technological health innovations. This framework comprises 6 determinants (compatibility, social influence, personal emotions, perceived disadvantages, perceived advantages and perceived complexity) and two moderating factors (intervention and context). This knowledge synthesis work has also enabled us to propose a chronology of the different stages of acceptability.
Molecular prevalence and associated infection risk factors of tick-borne protozoan and rickettsial blood pathogens in small ruminants
Authors: Abdelsalam Mennat-Allah , Felefel Wael , Fadl Sabreen , Bessat Mohamed
Published: August 2023

Background

Tick-borne blood pathogens cause highly pathogenic diseases, which are associated with substantial economic losses in ruminants. Despite this, epidemiological research on these pathogens remains neglected in many countries. This study initiated a regional epidemiological survey that included the detection of molecular prevalence, associated risk factors, and gene sequencing, combined with phylogenetic analysis, targeting the two main tick-borne blood protozoan and rickettsial pathogens of Babesia, Theileria, and Anaplasma that infect small ruminants. One hundred blood samples were collected from 76 sheep and 24 goats.

Results

Microscopic examination of Giemsa-stained blood films revealed that 73% of the samples were infected with at least one species of the three blood pathogenic organisms. Molecular diagnosis based on the 18 S rRNA for Babesia and Theileria species and the major surface protein 4 (msp4) for Anaplasma species, revealed that 43% of the small ruminants were infected with at least one of these pathogens. The animal’s sex was the most significant associated risk factor, with 49.4% of female animals infected compared with only 4% of male animals (P < 0.05). The open breeding system recorded the highest infection rate for tick-borne blood pathogens. Homology-based and phylogenetic analyses indicated that the specific isolate species were Babesia ovis (B. ovis), Theileria ovis (T. ovis), and Anaplasma ovis (A. ovis), with sequences showing significant identities with isolates from sheep, goats, and other animal species, and geographically diverse countries in Africa, Asia, and Europe, in addition to Egypt.

Conclusion

This was the first molecular evidence of B. ovis, T. ovis, and A. ovis infections in sheep and goat populations in the North Coast region of Egypt. More extensive studies are required to develop an epidemiological map of blood pathogenic organisms, while more effective control strategies are required to reduce the burden of tick-borne pathogens on small ruminants.
Association between the triglyceride glucose (TyG) index and the risk of acute kidney injury in critically ill patients with heart failure: analysis of the MIMIC-IV database
Authors: Yang Zewen , Gong Hongxia , Kan Fuqiang , Ji Ningning
Published: August 2023

Background

Insulin resistance (IR) can be effectively assessed using the dependable surrogate biomarker triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index. In various critical care contexts, like contrast-induced acute kidney injury (AKI), an elevated TyG index has demonstrated a robust correlation with the incidence of AKI. Nonetheless, the potential of the TyG index to predict AKI in critically ill patients with heart failure (HF) remains uncertain.

Methods

A cohort of participants was non-consecutively selected from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV (MIMIC-IV) database and divided into quartiles based on their TyG index values. The incidence of AKI was the primary outcome. The secondary endpoint was in-hospital mortality within both the whole study population and the subset of AKI patients. The use of the renal replacement therapy (RRT) which represented the progression of AKI severity was also included as a secondary endpoint representing renal outcome. A restricted cubic splines model and Cox proportional hazards models were utilized to evaluate the association of TyG index with the risk of AKI in patients with HF in a critical condition. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was employed to estimate primary and secondary endpoint disparities across groups differentiated by their TyG index.

Results

This study included a total of 1,393 patients, with 59% being male. The incidence of AKI was 82.8%. Cox proportional hazards analyses revealed a significant association between TyG index and the incidence of AKI in critically ill patients with HF. The restricted cubic splines model illustrated the linear relationship between higher TyG index and increased risk of AKI in this specific patient population. Furthermore, the Kaplan-Meier survival analyses unveiled statistically significant differences in the use of RRT across the subset of AKI patients based on the quartiles of the TyG index.

Conclusions

The results highlight the TyG index as a robust and independent predictor of the incidence of AKI and poor renal outcome in patients with HF in a critical condition. However, further confirmation of causality necessitates larger prospective studies.
Profiling ultra-processed foods in Thailand: sales trend, consumer expenditure and nutritional quality
Authors: Phulkerd Sirinya , Thongcharoenchupong Natjera , Dickie Sarah , Machado Priscila , Woods Julie , Mo-Suwan Ladda , Prasertsom Piyada , Ungchusak Chantana , Khitdee Chiraporn , Lawrence Mark
Published: August 2023

Background

Ultra-processed foods (UPF) are associated with adverse health outcomes. This study aimed to analyse the national trends in retail sales, consumer expenditure and nutritional quality of UPFs in Thailand.

Methods

The study used data from the Euromonitor Passport database for analysis of retail sales and consumer expenditure, and from the Mintel Global New Products Database for nutritional analysis using the WHO Southeast Asian Region nutrient profile model.

Results

The study found the highest per capita sales volume and value of UPFs in 2021 were sauces, dressings & condiments (8.4 kg/capita) and carbonated soft drinks (27.1 L/capita), respectively. However, functional & flavoured water, ready-made meals and baked goods had the highest observed (2012–2021) and expected (2021–2026) sales growth. Supermarkets were responsible for most of the UPF sales since 2012, but convenience stores had larger growth in retail values. Growth in consumer expenditure per capita on UPFs from 2012 to 2020, ranged between 12.7% and 34%, and till 2026 is forecast to grow between 26% and 30%. More than half of UPFs exceeded at least one nutrient cutoff, 59.3% for total fats, 24.8% for saturated fats, 68.2% for total sugars and 94.3% for sodium.

Conclusions

The findings suggest a need for regulatory and non-regulatory measures such as UPF taxation and marketing restrictions, and market incentives for producing non-UPFs. A system for regularly monitoring and evaluating healthiness (both nutritional and processing aspects) of food products, especially UPFs, is required.
Psychological interventions for individuals with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome and hypermobility spectrum disorder: a scoping review
Authors: Song Jessica Z. , Luong Dorothy , Feldman Estée C. H. , Tran Susan , Perrier Laure , Eubanks Kathleen , Bayley Mark , Kastner Monika , Slepian Maxwell , Munce Sarah E. P.
Published: August 2023

Purpose

To identify the nature and extent of the evidence on psychological interventions among individuals with Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome (EDS) and Hypermobility Spectrum Disorder (HSD).

Materials and methods

Eligible studies reported on psychological interventions for individuals of all ages with EDS and/or HSD. All studies published in English were included, with no restrictions to publication year or status. MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, and PsycINFO were searched. Two reviewers independently screened studies and abstracted data.

Results

This scoping review included 10 studies reporting on EDS, HSD, or both. Only cohort studies and case studies were identified. Four studies investigated Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT), one investigated Dialectical Behavioural Therapy (DBT), two investigated psychoeducation, two investigated Intensive Interdisciplinary Pain Treatment (IIPT), and one investigated Acceptance Commitment Therapy (ACT). Interventions targeted pain management, self-destructive behaviours, and related psychological issues (e.g., depression/anxiety). Sample sizes were small (n < 50) for most studies and interventions were generally poorly described.

Conclusions

There is a critical need for high-quality research surrounding psychological interventions for individuals with EDS/HSD. Psychological interventions for these individuals are understudied and existing studies lack validity. Researchers should investigate psychological interventions for individuals with all types of EDS/HSD with high-quality studies to validate findings from the existing studies.
Disease risk estimates in V30M variant transthyretin amyloidosis (A-ATTRv) from Mallorca
Authors: Cisneros-Barroso E. , Gorram F. , Ribot-Sansó M. A. , Alarcon F. , Nuel G. , González-Moreno J. , Rodríguez A. , Hernandez-Rodriguez J. , Amengual-Cladera E. , Martínez-López I. , Ripoll-Vera T. , Losada-López I. , Heine-Suñer D. , Plante-Bordeneuve V.
Published: August 2023

Background

Variant transthyretin amyloidosis (A-ATTRv) is an autosomal dominant disease caused by a range of TTR gene variants which entail great phenotypical heterogeneity and penetrance. In Majorca, the A-ATTRv caused by the V30M gene variant (A-ATTRV30M) is the most common. Since asymptomatic carriers are at risk of developing the disease, estimating age of onset is vital for proper management and follow-up. Thus, the aim of this study was to estimate age-related penetrance in ATTRV30M variant carriers from Majorca.

Methods

The disease risk among carriers from ATTRV30M families from Majorca was estimated by Non-parametric survival estimation. Factors potentially involved in the disease expression, namely gender and parent of origin were also analysed.

Results

A total of 48 heterozygous ATTRV30M families (147 affected patients and 123 were asymptomatic carriers) were included in the analysis. Penetrance progressively increased from 6% at 30 years to 75% at 90 years of age. In contrast to other European populations, we observe a similar risk for both males and females, and no difference of risk according to the parent of origin.

Conclusions

In this first study assessing the age-related penetrance of ATTRV30M variant in Majorcan families, no effect of gender or parent of origin was observed. These findings will be helpful for improving management and follow-up of TTR variant carrier individuals.
Diversity and abundance of birds in dumpsites of Afar region, Ethiopia: implication for conservation
Authors: Tesfahunegny Weldemariam , Assefa Alembrhan
Published: August 2023

Background

Dumpsites play key role in conservation of birds. A study was conducted to assess the diversity and abundance of birds in dumpsites of Afar region, Ethiopia from August, 2019 to March, 2020, covering both the wet and dry seasons. A total of nine dumpsites that contain domestic wastes found in different towns of Afar region were selected. Point count technique was employed to identify and count the birds. Shannon-Weiner diversity index was used to estimate species diversity and Two-way ANOVA was used to test birds’ species richness and abundance variation across dumpsites and seasons.

Results

A total of 48 bird species consisting of one endemic and 10 globally threatened species were recorded. Red-billed Quelea, Marabou Stork and Egyptian Vulture were the most abundant species. There was a significant difference in bird species richness and abundance among dumpsites (F = 8.44, df = 8, P < 0.05) and F = 15.507, df = 8, P < 0.05), respectively. Moreover, a significant difference in abundance was also observed between the two seasons (F = 19.339, df = 1, P < 0.05). The highest species diversity (H’ = 3.18) was observed during wet season in Abala and Afambo dumpsites and the highest species evenness (E = 0.86) was observed during dry season in Afdera.

Conclusion

Bird species diversity and abundance among dumpsites was high, and man-made disturbance are main threats for conservation of birds in the area. Therefore, conservation measures are needed to maintain survival of birds mainly the globally threatened species. Moreover, proper management of dumpsites is vital to support the waste dependent birds.
Tunneling time and Faraday/Kerr effects in
systems
Authors: Gasparian Vladimir , Guo Peng , Pérez-Garrido Antonio , Jódar Esther
Published: August 2023

We review the generalization of tunneling time and anomalous behaviour of Faraday and Kerr rotation angles in parity and time

systems. Similarities of two phenomena are discussed, both exhibit a phase transition-like anomalous behaviour in a certain range of model parameters. Anomalous behaviour of tunneling time and Faraday/Kerr angles in

systems is caused by the motion of poles of scattering amplitudes in the energy/frequency complex plane.
Current clinicopathological characterisation of adamantinoma - a review of the literature
Authors: Węgrzyniak Agata , Wokurka Wojciech , Drobek Dominik , Winiarz Aleksandra , Szlendak Paula , Toś Katarzyna , Wojtala Kacper , Turek Michał , Wąsala Katarzyna , Grosman Sylwia
Published: August 2023

Introduction and purpose

Adamantinoma is an exceedingly rare,  primary bone tumour, that in most cases affects the diaphysis of the long bones, especially the tibia.   Histologically it is epithelial cells clusters surrounded by spindle-cell osteofibrous components. Adamantinoma has metastatic potential to the lungs and local lymph nodes. Both the rarity of the disease and its nonspecific symptoms complicate diagnosis and treatment.  Reviewing the up-to-date data regarding adamantinoma was the purpose of the work.

State of knowledge

During the 5th edition of the World Health Organization (WHO) classification of bone tumours in 2020 adamantionoma was classified in the newly established bone tumour class of the other mesenchymal tumours of bone. What is more its name was specified to adamantionoma of the long bone. According to literature and newest classification adamantinoma is divided into 3 types; the most common classic adamantinoma as well as less frequent OFD-like adamantinoma (osteofibrous like adamantinoma) and dedifferentiated adamantinoma. Diagnosis is challenging due to the rarity of occurrence, insufficient knowledge and misinterpretation of imaging studies resulting in the diagnosis of adamantinoma as other bone and soft tissue tumours.

Conclusions

            Confirmation of the immunohistochemical profile, as well as the genetic profile of adamantionoma, which are increasingly well-defined, is essential for diagnosis. Imaging studies still remain the first method used in the diagnostic process. MRI appears to be the most suitable method for the imaging diagnosis of adamantinoma, due to excellent imaging of the tumour extent, including its surrounding soft tissue involvement and possible metastases. As far as treatment is concerned, there are still no precise guidelines and the best option remains tumour resection with large margins
Ultrastructural evidence of eosinophil clustering and ETosis in association with damage to single tumour cells in a case of poorly cohesive NOS gastric carcinoma
Authors: Caruso Rosario , Caruso Valerio , Rigoli Luciana
Published: August 2023

A case of poorly cohesive NOS gastric carcinoma, characterised by high-grade tumour-associated tissue eosinophilia (TATE), is studied by transmission electron microscopy. Eosinophil clustering around single tumour cells constituted a recurrent ultrastructural hallmark. Some eosinophils were in intimate contact with tumour cells and exhibited extracellular trap cell death (ETosis): a non-apoptotic cell death process, recently described in non-neoplastic, eosinophil-associated diseases. Discharge of chromatin material and specific granules, due to eosinophil ETosis, was polarised towards single tumour cells that showed various degrees of cytopathogenic changes. Our data suggest that eosinophil ETosis may exert an antitumoural activity in gastric cancer.
PET scanning may not distinguish benign schwannoma from metastasis in a patient with lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Ugajin Motoi , Yamashita Masakatsu , Kani Hisanori
Published: August 2023

A 69-year-old man was diagnosed with lung adenocarcinoma with metastasis because two masses in the right intercostal space and right back muscle showed high accumulation on positron emission tomography (PET). The 6-month treatment with osimertinib significantly reduced his lung lesion, but no changes were observed in the metastatic lesions. Needle biopsy revealed that the lesion in the right back muscle was a schwannoma. Surgical resection revealed that the right intercostal lesion was also a schwannoma; subsequently, a right upper lobectomy was performed. The patient was finally diagnosed with lung adenocarcinoma without metastasis. High accumulations of lesions observed on PET may indicate schwannomas.
An overview of traumatic brain injury in adults
Authors: McLernon Siobhan
Published: August 2023

The epidemiology of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in high-income countries is changing, with falls in older adults as one of the leading causes. Disability after TBI results largely from cognitive, emotional and behavioural problems, as well as physical impairments. The consequences are long term and far-reaching, affecting not only the survivor and carers, but also incurring major socioeconomic costs to society. TBI is a heterogeneous disease, which has different causes, severity and encompasses a spectrum of pathological features. In part one of this two-part series, the author provides an overview of the different pathophysiological features of TBI. Part two will focus on management of adult patients with a severe TBI (Glasgow Coma Scale score ≤8) who require critical care, based on current evidence.
Effects of Popping For Parkinson's dance class on the mood of people with Parkinson's disease
Authors: Sistarelli Simone , Annett Lucy E , Lovatt Peter J
Published: August 2023

Background/Aims

Depression, low mood and apathy can affect people with Parkinson's disease, impacting on their quality of life. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of one Popping For Parkinson's dance session on the mood of people with Parkinson's disease.

Methods

A total of 33 people with Parkinson's disease, with a mean age of 67.5 years (standard deviation 10.3 years), mean Parkinson's level of 1.8 (standard deviation 1.6), took part in one Popping For Parkinson's dance class at four different locations: London (UK), Hatfield (UK), New York City (USA) and Turin (Italy). Participants' mood was measured with the Profile of Mood States questionnaire at four time points: immediately before the dance class, immediately after the dance class, 24hours after the dance class and 1 week after the dance class.

Results

Participants' total mood score and the subscale score of vigour increased, while the subscales of tension, depression, and confusion decreased on the Profile of Mood States, significantly immediately after the dance intervention. However, at 24 hours and 1week after the dance class, mood scores did not differ significantly compared with baseline measurements. The improvements in mood immediately after the dance class did not differ depending on sex, age, previous dance experience, the location of the dance class, stage of Parkinson's disease, presence of tremor and deep brain stimulation treatment.

Conclusions

Participating in a Popping For Parkinson's dance class boosts mood in the short term, and this improvement lasts less than 24hours. This finding has implications for the provision of dance classes, suggesting that regular attendance may be necessary for sustained improvements. Further studies are needed to determine whether attending a series of Popping for Parkinson's classes may have longer-term effects.
Capturing the perspectives on treatment of chronic non-cancer pain using non-pharmacological approaches
Authors: Westrap Sarah
Published: August 2023

Opioid therapy was standard treatment for all types of pain, until the opioid epidemic in the US. Research has since uncovered a lack of efficacy for treating chronic non-cancer pain with opioids and the detrimental effects they may cause. By Sarah Westrap

Background

Opioid therapy was the mainstay of treatment for all types of pain, until the opioid epidemic of the 1980's – 2000's. Research has since uncovered a lack of efficacy for treating chronic non-cancer pain with opioids and the detrimental effects they may cause.

Aim

To uncover a range of perspectives which encompass the complexities of care of the patient with CNCP.

Methods

A critical review of the literature using qualitative study designs. Databases searched include Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health (CINAHL), British Nursing Index (BNI), Pubmed, Embase and PsychINFO. PICO search terms were used, and Boolean operators were applied. Research studies selected for inclusion were put through McMaster critical review forms and findings placed in a theme matrix.

Findings

There were 3 main themes that were drawn out from the research papers critiqued. These relate firstly to the patients perspective of living with chronic pain non-cancer pain. Patients seek adequate pain relief but have misgivings around the adverse effects of opioids, welcoming non-pharmacological approaches such as acupuncture and chiropractic treatment but patients view may be sceptic. Secondly the relationship between the patients and healthcare professional (HCP) can include clues during communication which may led to change in treatment. Lastly the views of HCP's who often cite lack of training in managing patients with chronic non-cancer pain and fear of difficult interactions regarding opioid use.

Conclusion

Individuals have unique characteristics; treatment models can be applied such as an integrated medical group visit (IMGV) or Horne model to connect HCP and patient, offering solutions in reducing or stopping opioid therapy.
An introduction to forest bathing for practice nurses
Authors: Henry Heather
Published: August 2023

Heather Henry explains the concept of ‘forest bathing’ or ‘immersion in nature’ which can be incorporated into general practice nursing as a low cost social prescribing solution

Forest bathing or Shinrin-yoku is a form of ecotherapy or green therapy that may be described as an ‘immersion in nature’. It was introduced by the Japanese government in the 1980's and has undergone extensive research to understand how it supports wellbeing.

Since forest bathing is a no-cost way to help people with long term conditions, this article outlines the basic concept and how it can be incorporated into general practice nursing as a social prescribing solution. Some simple forest bathing invitations are offered, based on the author's practical experience.
Application of lesser trochanteric reduction fixator in the treatment of unstable intertrochanteric fractures
Authors: Hui Yao-Min , Zeng Guang , Liu Pei-Yi , Chai Bin
Published: August 2023

Insulin, a small protein with 51 amino acids synthesized by pancreatic β-cells, is crucial to sustain glucose homeostasis at biochemical and molecular levels. Numerous metabolic dysfunctions are related to insulin-mediated altered glucose homeostasis. One of the significant pathophysiological conditions linked to the insulin associated disorder is diabetes mellitus (DM) (type 1, type 2, and gestational). Insulin resistance (IR) is one of the major underlying causes of metabolic disorders despite its association with several physiological conditions. Metabolic syndrome (MS) is another pathophysiological condition that is associated with IR, hypertension, and obesity. Further, several other pathophysiological disorders/diseases are associated with the insulin malfunctioning, which include polycystic ovary syndrome, neuronal disorders, and cancer. Insulinomas are an uncommon type of pancreatic β-cell-derived neuroendocrine tumor that makes up 2% of all pancreatic neoplasms. Literature revealed that different biochemical events, molecular signaling pathways, microRNAs, and microbiota act as connecting links between insulin disorder and associated pathophysiology such as DM, insuloma, neurological disorder, MS, and cancer. In this review, we focus on the insulin-related disorders and the underlying mechanisms associated with the pathophysiology.
Monkeypox presenting as a chancre-like rash: A case report
Authors: Zhu Wei-Fang , Song Shu-Juan , Wei Lin-Wei , Qiao Jian-Jun
Published: August 2023

Insulin, a small protein with 51 amino acids synthesized by pancreatic β-cells, is crucial to sustain glucose homeostasis at biochemical and molecular levels. Numerous metabolic dysfunctions are related to insulin-mediated altered glucose homeostasis. One of the significant pathophysiological conditions linked to the insulin associated disorder is diabetes mellitus (DM) (type 1, type 2, and gestational). Insulin resistance (IR) is one of the major underlying causes of metabolic disorders despite its association with several physiological conditions. Metabolic syndrome (MS) is another pathophysiological condition that is associated with IR, hypertension, and obesity. Further, several other pathophysiological disorders/diseases are associated with the insulin malfunctioning, which include polycystic ovary syndrome, neuronal disorders, and cancer. Insulinomas are an uncommon type of pancreatic β-cell-derived neuroendocrine tumor that makes up 2% of all pancreatic neoplasms. Literature revealed that different biochemical events, molecular signaling pathways, microRNAs, and microbiota act as connecting links between insulin disorder and associated pathophysiology such as DM, insuloma, neurological disorder, MS, and cancer. In this review, we focus on the insulin-related disorders and the underlying mechanisms associated with the pathophysiology.
Correlation Between Structure and New Anti-cancer Activity of Some Antioxidants Following Chemical Structure Modification Does The Evidence Support This Correlation
Authors: Hussein Weiam A. , Bin Break Mohammed Khaled , Alafnan Ahmed , Huwaimel Bader , Khojali Weaam M. A. , Khalifa Nasrin , Alshammari Farhan , Albalawi Tahani S. , Alshammary Ghaliah , Alshammary Zhawah F. , Almutairi Haya O. , Alrasheedi Reem M. , Fayad Shahad
Published: August 2023

In medicinal chemistry, the link between structure and activity is essential. We are seeking to relate chemical structure and reactivity to medicinal properties, which has gained popularity recently. In this study, scaffolds from three antioxidants were changed to new derivatives to show that their biological effects as antioxidants would change. We also reviewed the anticancer effects of these medications (based on the SRB test) to find other biological effects that may be related to their chemical structural modifications. Moreover, SWISS ADME software was used to determine further ADME characteristics. Compound 2C had the highest cytotoxicity (1.2 μM) against lung cancer cell lines, whereas 1C had good cytotoxicity (87.66 μM). Compound 2C also demonstrated excellent cytotoxicity against the other three cell lines with IC50 values of 5.049, 6.26, and 9.71 μM, respectively. After its antioxidant structure was tweaked, 1C might be a critical molecule for building a novel treatment for lung cancer.