bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sanitary inspection and microbial health risks associated with enteric bacteria in groundwater sources in Ilara-Mokin and Ibule-Soro, Nigeria
Authors: Olalemi Adewale Oluwasogo , Atiba Roseline , Weston Sally , Howard Guy
Published: November 2023

This study set out to determine the sanitary risk scores and microbial health risks associated with wells and boreholes in Ilara-Mokin and Ibule-Soro, Nigeria. Water samples (n = 96) were collected over a period of five months to determine the levels of enteric bacteria and to perform a Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment (QMRA) of drinking water quality. Sanitary risk scores revealed `medium' and `low' overall risks for the wells and boreholes, respectively. Three risk factors (faulty fence; small apron; pollution sources) exhibited high significant (p < 0.01) association with the presence of E. coli and thermotolerant coliforms in water samples from the wells. E. coli and Salmonella ranged from 1.82 to 2.28 and 2.15 to 2.63 log10 CFU/100 ml respectively in water from the wells, but were below detection limit in water from the boreholes. Shigella and Campylobacter were detected in all water samples. Estimated risks of infection associated with Shigella (2.1 × 10−2 to 2.3 × 10−1) were higher than those of Campylobacter (6.7 × 10−2 to 1.9 × 10−1) and Salmonella (1.9×10−3 to 5.6×10−3). Adaption of water safety plans may be advantageous in these settings, since intentional ingestion of water from the wells and boreholes may pose potential risks of diarrheal illness to humans.
Research on the descaling characteristics of a new electrochemical water treatment device
Authors: Wei Yuhang , Wang Dongqiang , Li Gangsheng , Yu Hechun , Dong Xuewu , Jiang Haiqin
Published: November 2023

In recent years, chemical water treatment equipment has gained significant attention due to its environmental-friendly features, multifunctionality, and broad applicability. Recognizing the limitations of existing chemical treatment equipment, such as challenges in scale removal and the high water content in scale deposits, we propose a novel drum design for both anode and cathode, enabling simultaneous scale suction and dehydration. We constructed a small experimental platform to validate the equipment's performance based on our model. Notably, under the optimal operating parameters, the hardness removal rate for circulating water falls within the range of 19.6–24.46%. Moreover, the scale accumulation rate per unit area and unit time reaches 13.7 g h−1 m−2. Additionally, the energy consumption per unit weight of the scale remains impressively low at 0.16 kWh g−1. Furthermore, the chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentration decreased from an initial 106.0 mg L−1 to a mere 18.8 mg L−1, resulting in a remarkable total removal rate of 82.26%. In conclusion, our innovative electrochemical water treatment equipment demonstrates exceptional performance in scale removal, organic matter degradation, and water resource conservation, offering valuable insights for future research and development in chemical treatment equipment and electrochemical theory.
Flow structure of the confluence between an open channel and a pipe
Authors: Li Zhiwei , Wang Xuefeng , Wang Feifei , Sun Bin , Chen Shanshan
Published: November 2023

It is common that the sewage is discharged into rivers through a municipal drainage network. The hydraulic properties of the confluence between a lateral drainage pipe and a rectangular open channel are investigated using numerical simulation. The simulation results show that the recirculation zone, the separation area, and the secondary flow are highly influenced by the tailgate height and flow rate ratios. Both the recirculation zone and the separation zone enlarge with the increasing flow rate ratios. The recirculation zone also enlarges with the tailgate height within a certain range. It is worth noting that as the tailgate height increases, two vortices rotating in opposite directions at the same level initially merge into a counter-clockwise rotating vortex, and then one vortex splits into three. Ultimately, one of them dissipates and there are two vortices left on a vertical line. The tailgate can reduce the vertical velocity gradient and the streamwise velocity to moderate the erosion of the channel bed caused by the pipe flow inlet.
The Relational Personalism of Joseph Ratzinger/Benedict XVI
Authors: Gacka Bogumił
Published: November 2023

Personalizm relacyjny Josepha Ratzingera polega na przekroczeniu liczby pojedynczej w pojęciu osoby. Istnienie osoby wskazuje na drugą osobę, inną osobę, bowiem osoba jest kimś w relacji z drugą osobą. Joseph Ratzinger dostrzega dwa ważne okresy w kształtowaniu się pojęcia osoby w teologii. Pierwszy okres to przejście od substancji do subsystencji. Drugi okres to przejście od subsystencji do relacji – zatem osoba to nie tylko samoistność, ale samoistność relacyjna. Dla Ratzingera ważna była książka Theodora Steinbüchela (1888–1949) Przełom w myśleniu (Der Umbruch des Denkens, Regensburg 1936), która wprowadziła go w myślenie personalistyczne. Benedykt XVI przeciwstawia się indywidualistycznie pojmowanemu zbawieniu, podkreślając kategorię relacji (Spe salvi, nr 27). Personalizm relacyjny w teologii społecznej stanowi złoty most pomiędzy indywidualizmem a kolektywizmem. Według Josepha Ratzingera stworzenie człowieka na obraz i podobieństwo Boga oznacza, że osoba ludzka jako subsystencja w relacji jest ukonstytuowana w relacji do Boga i bliźnich.
The Church Lives by the Eucharist, the Eucharist Lives in the Church: The Ontological Identity of the Believers
Authors: Proniewski Andrzej
Published: November 2023

Przedmiotem badania w niniejszym artykule jest wyszczególnienie racji, którymi posłużył się Joseph Ratzinger do uzasadnienia binarnej ontologicznej zależności pomiędzy Kościołem a Eucharystią, rzutującej na tożsamość wierzących. Przy pomocy metody analityczno-dedukcyjnej artykuł wykazuje, że Eucharystia nie jest tylko przyczyną sprawczą dla istnienia Kościoła i trwania wierzących w Chrystusie, ale stanowi o jego istocie i jest gwarantem ontologicznej tożsamości wierzących, odzwierciedlającej ich mistyczne zjednoczenie z Chrystusem i rzutującej na witalność Kościoła. W oparciu o pisma teologiczne Ratzingera artykuł udowadnia, że znalazł on uzasadnienie komplementarności tej relacji w wymiarze chrystologiczno-pneumatologicznym istoty Kościoła i Eucharystii, wyrażonym w pojęciach: Lud Boży, Mistyczne Ciało Chrystusa i Wspólnota. Wyszedł z wydarzenia Ostatniej Wieczerzy jako fundamentu wzajemnej zależności Kościoła i Eucharystii. Podkreślił potrzebę zrozumienia celebracji liturgicznej dla uzasadnienia żywotności Kościoła. W oparciu o jedną wiarę, kult, zwierzchnictwo i braterstwo dowiódł chrystologicznej/ontycznej zasady łączącej Kościół i Eucharystię.
A Comprehensive Review of the Status and Challenges in the Genesis of
COVID 19 Vaccination Strategies
Authors: Banerjee Munmun , Chadha Sonia , Sanyal Somali , Mukherjee Sayali
Published: November 2023

COVID-19 continues to wreak havoc on the global population. Infection with SARSCoV-
2 can be mild, severe, and even life-threatening. It is associated with cytokine storm, lung and
even heart damage. With no specific treatment available for this contagious disease, induction of
herd immunity through vaccination is being perceived as the only way out through this pandemic.
Throughout the world, research groups and pharmaceutical companies are working independently or
in collaboration to accelerate the process of COVID-19 vaccine development. Different countries
have already started vaccination drives on a large scale to combat the disease. Today, we have a few
approved vaccines, some are conventional, while others are subunit protein or nucleotide vaccines.
This review describes the various vaccination strategies adopted the clinical and preclinical trials in
developing some of the approved COVID-19 vaccines that are being administered around the world.
The review also focuses on the challenges and adverse effects reported post-vaccination. Some of the
proposed therapies for COVID-19 have also been elucidated. The effectiveness and safety of vaccines
towards SARS-CoV-2 new variants suggest that more research in the field needs to be continued
in the future.
Utilization of Telehealth in Kenya During COVID-19
Authors: Wei Calvin R. , Lang'at Godwin C.
Published: November 2023

The Covid-19 pandemic caused significant disruptions to healthcare systems across the
world, with rising cases of coronavirus infections leading to reduced hospital visits. The IPC interventions
implemented by governments, such as restrictions of movements, curfews, school closures,
and limited social gatherings, also impacted the provision of medical services in hospitals. In the
Kenyan case, medical facilities and non-profit organizations became innovative and utilized telehealth
to conduct patient consultations, perform diagnostic procedures, and provide treatment using
ICT tools.
Machine Learning Techniques and their Applications: Survey
Authors: Karthik P. , Sekhar K. Chandra , Latha D.
Published: November 2023

Machine Learning has become part of our daily life directly or indirectly.
Several Machine Learning techniques are being used in several areas to increase the
effective usage of computers by human beings. Over the past few decades, the concepts
of AI and ML have rapidly increased their importance in various application areas, and
a lot of research has taken place and is still in progress. Even then, there is a lot more to
explore regarding the applications of AI and ML in our day-to-day lives. The reason to
do so is only to improve the existing process of work in various areas and also to give
valuable suggestions and scope for further research. In this context, here we tried to
discuss basic concepts related to machine learning and gave a brief overview of various
application areas of machine learning.
Prediction using Machine Learning
Authors: Vijaya Lakshmi Adluri , Gudipati Sri Sowmya , Sowjanya Ponnuru , Vedavathi K.
Published: November 2023

This chapter begins with a concise introduction to machine learning and the
classification of machine learning systems (supervised learning, unsupervised learning,
and reinforcement learning). ‘Breast Cancer Prediction Using ML Techniques’ is the
topic of Chapter 2. This chapter describes various breast cancer prediction algorithms,
including convolutional neural networks (CNN), support vector machines, Nave
Bayesian classification, and weighted Nave Bayesian classification. Prediction of Heart
Disease Using Machine Learning Techniques is the topic of Chapter 3. This chapter
describes the numerous heart disease prediction algorithms, including Support Vector
Machines (SVM), Logistic Regression, KNN, Random Forest Classifier, and Deep
Neural Networks. Prediction of IPL Data Using Machine Learning Techniques is the
topic of Chapter 4. The following algorithms are covered in this chapter: decision trees,
naive bayes, K-Nearest Neighbour Random Forest, data mining techniques, fuzzy
clustering logic, support vector machines, reinforcement learning algorithms, data
analytics approaches and Bayesian prediction techniques. Chapter Five: Software Error
Prediction by means of machine learning- The AR model and the Known Power Model
(POWM), as well as artificial neural networks (ANNs), particle swarm optimisation
(PSO), decision trees (DT), Nave Bayes (NB), and linear classifiers, are among the
approaches (K-nearest neighbours, Nave Bayes, C-4.5, and decision trees) Prediction
of Rainfall Using Machine Learning Techniques, Chapter 6: The following are
discussed: LASSO (Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator) Regression,
ANN (Artificial Neural Network), Support Vector Machine, Multi-Layer Perception,
Decision Tree, Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System, Wavelet Neural Network,
Ensemble Prediction Systems, ARIMA model, PCA and KMeans algorithms,
Recurrent Neural Network (RNN), statistical KNN classifier, and neural SOM Weather
Prediction Using Machine Learning Techniques that includes Bayesian Networks,
Linear Regression, Logistic Regression, KNN Decision Tree, Random Forest, K-Means, and Apriori's Algorithm, as well as Linear Regression, Polynomial Regression,
Random Forest Regression, Artificial Neural Networks, and Recurrent Neural
Networks.
Real-Time Object Detection and Localization for Autonomous Driving
Authors: Gowroju Swathi , Swathi V. , Narasimha Murthy J. , Kamesh D. Sai
Published: November 2023

 The term “object detection” refers to a technology that enables humans to
recognise specific types of things present in visual media. One of the important
applications of the technique is autonomous driving cars. In the application, the activity
is to detect the various objects present in the single image frame. Examples of objects
belonging to multiple classes are trucks, bikes, persons, cars, dogs, and cats. For this
task, we use object localization and classification as we have to locate multiple objects
in the image. Various techniques available in the market based on Deep Learning use
inbuilt architectures such as VGG-16 and InceptionV3. Using these techniques to solve
the problem is a reasonable solution but the response time from these architectures may
not be feasible as the autonomous vehicles have to react in less than 0.02 milliseconds
in order to avoid collisions of all sorts. So using YOLO, we simply predict the classes
and the bounded co-ordinates of the object in a single run of the model and detect
multiple objects from the image rather than focusing only on the interested regions of
the image as formerly employed by various models. YOLO is fast and accurate with
the help of Convolution Neural Networks and is less likely to produce localization
errors.
Machine Learning Techniques in Image Segmentation
Authors: Kari Narmada , Kumar Singh Sanjay , Shanthi Dumpala
Published: November 2023

Image is an important medium to express information easily. This paper
deals with the content of image segmentation with machine learning. Segmentation is
the process of extracting the information required from the image. Machine learning is
the process that helps to classify to obtain good results. A number of algorithms are
designed for the segmentation process. The algorithms are selected based on the
application. Quality segmentation can be applied if the algorithm is fixed at the
application level. Standalone methods can be used for real-time applications.
Schematic segmentation is one of the best techniques used for segmenting images.
Machine learning combines basic techniques to produce good results. The algorithms
vary for different input images like MRI, CT Scans, Colour images, etc. Algorithms
like k-mean clustering are mostly used in processing. Many problems occur in
segmentation which can be removed by Bayesian architectures. The usage of machine
learning improves accuracy and efficiency. Labeling, training and testing are some of
the methods used in segmentation through machine learning.
Optimal Page Ranking Technique for Webpage Personalization Using Semantic Classifier
Authors: Pranitha P. , Manjula A. , Narsimha G. , Vaishali K.
Published: November 2023

Personalized webpage ranking is one of the key components in search
engines. Moreover, most of the existing search engines focus only on answering user
queries, although personalization will be more and more important as the amount of
information available on the Web increases. Even though various re-ranking algorithms
are developed, providing prompt responses to the user query results in a major
challenge in web page personalization. Therefore, an efficient and effective ranking
algorithm named the Oppositional Grass Bee optimization algorithm is developed to
re-rank the web documents in the webpage personalization system. The proposed
algorithm is designed by integrating the Oppositional Grass Hopper (OGHO) and
Artificial Bee Colony optimization (ABC) algorithms. The concept of fictional
computing and the foraging behavior realize the re-ranking process more effectively in
the web environment. However, the semantic features extracted from the web pages
make the process more effective and achieve optimal global solutions through the
fitness measure. The proposed OGBEE Ranking algorithm effectively captures and
analyzes the ranking scores of different search engines in order to generate the reranked score result.
Human Activity Recognition System Using Smartphone
Authors: Rani R. Usha , Sunitha M.
Published: November 2023

Recognition of human activity has a wide range of applications in medical
research and human survey systems. We present a powerful activity recognition system
based on a Smartphone in this paper. The system collects time series signals with a 3-
dimensional Smartphone accelerometer as the only sensor, from which 31 features in
the time domain and frequency domain are created. The quadratic classifier, k-nearest
neighbor algorithm, support vector machine, and artificial neural networks are used to
classify activities. Feature extraction and subset selection are used to reduce
dimensionality. In addition to passive learning, we use active learning techniques to
lower the cost of data tagging. The findings of the experiment demonstrate that the
categorization rate of passive learning is 84.4 percent and that it is resistant to common
cell phone postures and poses.
Real World Applications of Machine Learning in Health Care
Authors: Narmada Kari , Kumar Singh Sanjay , Shanthi Dumpala
Published: November 2023

Machine learning (ML), a subset of artificial intelligence, is used to
construct algorithms for monitoring, diagnosing, forecasting, and predicting clinical
results. Health is a major concern for human beings. The current success in ML is due
to deep learning (DL), using huge artificial neural networks. In the past, machine
learning has demonstrated its usefulness and skills in detecting cancer. It is one of the
most feasible solutions for top healthcare pioneers to detect anomalies. When
healthcare companies succeed in using predictive models, they face challenges in
demonstrating their value and gaining trust across the company. Recently, established
standards for reporting machine learning-based clinical research will aid in connecting
the clinical and computer science communities and realizing the full potential of
machine learning techniques. The researchers have many objectives in the design of
machine Learning Algorithms for different applications. Many papers discussed how
machine learning algorithms are involved in health monitoring which will be updated
so that patients, doctors, or any individuals can view the information. The main goal of
this paper is to discuss basic types of Machine Learning and the challenges faced by
Artificial intelligence (AI) in health care. The possible risks in clinical research give
practical information on how to accurately and effectively analyze performance and
avoid frequent pitfalls, particularly when dealing with applications for health and
wellness contexts.
Security Threats and Detection Mechanisms in Machine Learning
Authors: Madhuri K.
Published: November 2023

Machine Learning refers to computer programming or data science that can
learn from data. For example, the performance of T is increased with experience E if a
computer program is learned from E in some tasks T, and performance is measured as
P. The learning of computers is allowed without explicit programming in Machine
Learning, which is a field of research. Machine learning can be used in various
applications, such as banking, travel and tourism, healthcare, marketing, insurance, and
human resources. Machine learning is a powerful tool for implementing security
applications.
Laser and Safety from Laser Beams
Authors: Aldeeb Hatem , Maqbool Muhammad
Published: November 2023

A laser is an intense and amplified beam of light that is used in many
applications. The use of lasers in medicine, astronomy, industries, defense, information
technology, and oceanography is common and known to many people. The use of
lasers in eye treatment, especially the technique of LASIK in eye surgery, shows the
successful use of lasers in many fields. However, along with so many outstanding
benefits, the intense beam of visible or invisible light also brings many complications
while handling laser beams. Several harms and damages are associated with the use of
laser beams. Skin injuries and eye defects are common complications caused by laser
beams. If proper shielding and safety protocols are not followed, a laser can bring
many harms ranging from minor skin irritations to blindness of the eyes. This chapter
reports the benefits as well as harms and hazards associated with the use of laser
beams. A detailed description of the harms associated with various classes of lasers is
provided here. For the safe use of a laser beam, it is important to follow the established
rules and regulations. A detailed description and discussion of the hazards associated
with the use of laser beams, rules to be followed while using a laser beam, and laser
emergency protocols are reported here.
Radiation from Mobile Phones and Cell Towers, Risks, and Protection
Authors: Mortazavi SAR , Megha Kanu , Shams Seyedeh Fatemeh , Mohammadi Sahar , Mortazavi SMJ
Published: November 2023

Modern life is strongly associated with new technologies such as
telecommunication and wireless devices. These new technologies strongly affect the
way people communicate, learn, train, think and solve their problems. Today, modern
cell phones not only send and receive phone calls, but they also allow people to send
and receive short messages, and e-mails, share photos and videos, write, edit and share
documents, play games, listen to music, watch movies, surf the Internet, find an
address using GPS (Global Positioning Systems) and use a wide range of applications.
Given this consideration, excessive use of smartphones is associated with growing
global concerns over the health effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF) generated by these devices. As discussed by WHO, considering the very large
number of people who use mobile phones, even a small increase in the risk of adverse
health effects, either cancer or other health effects, could have key public health
implications. WHO believes that research about these health effects is mostly focused
on potential adverse effects of mobile phones, not their base stations, because the RF-EMF levels of mobile phones are 3 orders of magnitude higher than those of base
stations. Therefore, in this chapter, due to the greater likelihood of adverse health
effects of handsets, we mainly focused on reviewing the current scientific evidence on
health risks associated with mobile phones. However, the health effects of RF-EMF
exposure on people living in the proximity of mobile base stations are also reviewed.
Ultrasound and Human Body Safety
Authors: Arif-Tiwari Hina , Craig Larson Michael , Maqbool Muhammad
Published: November 2023

Ultrasound is very safe when used at the diagnostic frequency and
intensities. However, a temperature rise of 1.5 – 2.5 °C or more above the normal
temperature of the human body exposed to ultrasound for longer than 1 hour may cause
thermal induced effects. For most diagnostic ultrasounds, the Mechanical Index should
not exceed 1.9. The Mechanical Index should not exceed 0.23 when performing an
ultrasound on the eyes. Using diagnostic ultrasound with Mechanical Index above,
these limits may cause cavitation in tissues. This chapter mostly covers the possible
hazards and harms associated with ultrasound. For the benefits and uses of ultrasound
in our lives, you may read chapter 13 of our previously published book: An
introduction to Medical Physics, edited by Muhammad Maqbool.
Nonionizing Radiation Safety and Regulations
Authors: Bolus Norman E. , Maqbool Muhammad
Published: November 2023

Nonionizing radiation cannot ionize the human body tissues due to its low
energy; however, its thermal, mechanical, chemical, vibrational, and several other
effects can create complications. To avoid hazards and complications from nonionizing
radiation, it is mandatory to establish and follow proper rules and regulations while
dealing with such radiation. This chapter reports an overview of various rules and
regulations regarding the uses and limits of nonionizing radiation, provided by various
organizations.
Experiences of Isolatedness in the Lost Spaces between the Limits of Privation and Domination: On J. G. Ballard’s Concrete Island
Authors: Kozlu H. Hale
Published: November 2023

The new urban life requirements brought by the modern world system and
the spatial experiences formed within this order are also reflected in the field of
literature and art, and many literary and artistic works have been produced about these
experiences. Concrete Island, one of these literary works, is a manuscript written by J.
G. Ballard in 1974, which has a worldwide impact with its spatial, social, and
psychological analyzes and is still the subject of investigations from different aspects
today. In the novel about the experiences of architect Robert Maitland, who was
trapped on a piece of land between highways in London due to a traffic accident,
Ballard gives the reader a kind of “urban desert island” experience.It is called Concrete
Island, but covered with green grass; this “lost place” is an area between the highways
that divide cities and their lives. Trying to cope with the feelings of isolation and
helplessness emotionally, as well as his physical injuries, Maitland falters with the
conflict between the feeling of escaping from the island and the feeling of dominating
the island. This search for domination takes on a different dimension after he realizes
that he is not alone and that two outlaws, Jane and Proctor, live on the island with him.
In the text, it is emphasized that the idea of returning to his previous life has become
unbearable for Maitland, who has become increasingly dependent on the island, and on
the other hand, the pleasure and curiosity of making new escape plans are at the
forefront.
In this study, which aims to examine the spaces and events fictionalized in the novel in
line with architectural and interior analyses, the events experienced in an urban area,
which can also be called a lost space in the modern urban order, are discussed in the
context of the concepts of privation and domination.
The Fifth Child
Authors: Korkmaz Serra Zerrin , Korumaz Saadet Armağan Güleç
Published: November 2023

“The Fifth Child” by Doris Lessing tells the story of the ordinary happy life
of a large family, changing to a different dimension when the fifth child joins their life.
This versatile study, in which Doris describes the life of a large family, full of
successful descriptions and analyzes the characters in depth, is a deep work that is rich
in architectural places and contains many sociological, pedagogical and psychological
elements. The richness of the places in the novel becomes more visible with the
successful narration of the author's descriptions. These include the main place at the
party where David and Harriet first met, the office where they looked at each other and
talked to the full, the porch where they held hands on the day they bought the house,
David's room that he called his real home in his childhood and other places of his own,
the building where Ben was taken by a pickup truck, the main place of the house
around which a large happy family gathered, the guilty bedroom that drove fertility,
and a house with a garden with three stories, including an attic, bought because it
matched their dreams. Only a concrete, abstract or non-objective place has always
existed as a social reality with all its dimensions and forms. The bonds we establish
individually with the space, and the experiences we have, are effective in the placement
of the space both in our perception and in our memory. In work, there are important
indicators of how the perception of the same place is changed for different people. The
author's analyses on these points refer to Lefebvre's spatial triad dialectic: perceived,
designed and lived spaces.
The Art of the Post-Modern Era and the Da Vinci Code
Authors: Akarsu Hikmet Temel
Published: November 2023

At the very beginning of the twenty-first century, the literary scene all over
the world was shaken by the echoes of a best-seller. A novel published in America, the
origin of industrial literature, was breaking incredible sales records, reaching millions
of copies, and was translated into almost all languages of the world. This book is a
novel that internalized all elements of art in the post-modern era in the most
professional way and puts the arts of painting and architecture at the center of its
viewfinder: It is “The Da Vinci Code” by Dan Brown.
All elements that should have a place in a post-modern work of art were carefully
spread in The Da Vinci Code. Elements such as conspiracy theory, esotericism,
theology, cryptology, popular history, and intrigue, which are among the elements of
the most significant interest in the age we live in, were fed into the work in such a taste
and dose as if they were applied with the skill of a master cook.
While the book proceeded with short and easy-to-read chapters and interruptions that
transferred the element of curiosity to the next section, decorated with the techniques of
the writers of the media age that excited the readers' excitement, it attracted attention to
the architectural spaces and cult works of art that it plateaued itself. Even though
Leonardo da Vinci's The Last Supper is its “leitmotif,” some significant European
cathedrals, the Louvre Museum, and some monumental structures in London and Paris
comprise the spaces where the novel takes place. In other words, in the novel, The Da
Vinci Code, the art of architecture occupies an extensive space in addition to such
branches of plastic art as painting and sculpture. Temple Church, the Church of Saint-Sulpice in Paris, Westminster Abbey, Rosslyn Chapel, the Château de Villette, the
Eiffel Tower, the Arc de Triomphe du Carrousel, and the Louvre Museum are the most
important of these.
Although Dan Brown's worldwide best-seller is a product of popular literature, it
creates an attraction with its theme around monumental structures, architectural works,
works of art, legends, myths, and theological parables that are of great importance in the history of humanity and talks about the creations that are essential, encouraging,
instructive, developing and inspiring for architects, within the framework of qualified
research. Considering this aspect, it is a valuable novel that should be at the center of
the attention of architects.
Salonica: City of Ghosts
Authors: Akarsu Hikmet Temel
Published: November 2023

Written by Mark Mazower, a history professor at Columbia University, the
633-page giant work, “Salonica: City of Ghosts”, surpasses its feature of being one of
the most magnificent works of the genre’s monography. It reaches the level of a
superior literary work as a permanent historical architectural script. The book is not
only the product of many years of research and is supported by strong visuals and an
index, but it is written with competent and even superior eloquence. The work has gone
far beyond being a giant monograph due to its stylistic and dramatic structure that
surpasses an academic study in literature. Together with the literary arts and human
conditions, it has masterfully displayed throughout the narrative; it has turned into a
tragic bildungsroman of an ancient city.
Mark Mazower wrote the story of this exciting city, which has great symbolic and
cultural values and has been the scene of significant events both in modern history and
in the “recent” (!) history of the last five hundred years, focusing on the years between
1430-1950. These dates mark when the city was captured by the Ottomans and
continues to the aftermath of the Second World War.
As every individual from the Ottoman geography covering vast lands knows very well,
Thessaloniki contains significant and unique characteristics in terms of architecture and
culture as well as sociological and historical aspects.
Reading the detailed story of the city of Thessaloniki, a vital cultural, political, and
economic center, which has been invaded, burned, and destroyed many times
throughout history and has suffered countless disasters such as war, occupation, fire,
and genocide, from Mark Mazower's book, is an extreme enriching act that gives
awareness of history, culture, and architecture. Mark Mazower describes all this with a
scientific eye, a competent literary style, and a socio-economic and political
background to the fullest extent. All this richness of narrative turns the book into a
precious work that tells about the fate of a city. Every architect should read it carefully.
Development and Validation of Machine Learning–Based Models to Predict In-Hospital Mortality in Life-Threatening Ventricular Arrhythmias: Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Li Le , Ding Ligang , Zhang Zhuxin , Zhou Likun , Zhang Zhenhao , Xiong Yulong , Hu Zhao , Yao Yan
Published: November 2023

Background

Life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias (LTVAs) are main causes of sudden cardiac arrest and are highly associated with an increased risk of mortality. A prediction model that enables early identification of the high-risk individuals is still lacking.

Objective

We aimed to build machine learning (ML)–based models to predict in-hospital mortality in patients with LTVA.

Methods

A total of 3140 patients with LTVA were randomly divided into training (n=2512, 80%) and internal validation (n=628, 20%) sets. Moreover, data of 2851 patients from another database were collected as the external validation set. The primary output was the probability of in-hospital mortality. The discriminatory ability was evaluated by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). The prediction performances of 5 ML algorithms were compared with 2 conventional scoring systems, namely, the simplified acute physiology score (SAPS-II) and the logistic organ dysfunction system (LODS).

Results

The prediction performance of the 5 ML algorithms significantly outperformed the traditional models in predicting in-hospital mortality. CatBoost showed the highest AUC of 90.5% (95% CI 87.5%-93.5%), followed by LightGBM with an AUC of 90.1% (95% CI 86.8%-93.4%). Conversely, the predictive values of SAPS-II and LODS were unsatisfactory, with AUCs of 78.0% (95% CI 71.7%-84.3%) and 74.9% (95% CI 67.2%-82.6%), respectively. The superiority of ML-based models was also shown in the external validation set.

Conclusions

ML-based models could improve the predictive values of in-hospital mortality prediction for patients with LTVA compared with traditional scoring systems.
Evaluating the Impact of a Cream Containing Horse Placental Extract on Eye Corner Wrinkles in Healthy Women: Single-Blind Comparative Study (Preprint)
Authors: Watanabe Tsuyuko , Tahara Kentarou , Hirano Eiichi
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND

Placental extract has been mostly used in skin care for cosmetic purposes. However, the use of various placental extracts has been limited due to the lack of established and effective application methods.

OBJECTIVE

In this study, we investigated the antiwrinkle effect of a cream formulation—LNC wrinkle eye cream (LNC-EC)—containing horse placental extract as the main ingredient.

METHODS

A total of 24 healthy women, aged 37-54 years, with wrinkle grades 1-3, were treated with LNC-EC for 2 weeks. The cream was applied on one-half of the participants’ faces, and the results were compared with the untreated half of the face.

RESULTS

Visual inspection, using the wrinkle grade standard, showed that the area treated with LNC-EC had a significantly lower wrinkle grade than the untreated area when comparing before and after the application of LNC-EC. In addition, replica analysis showed a significant reduction in both the maximum wrinkle width and the number of wrinkles in the LNC-EC–treated area in comparison to the untreated area before and after the application. These results suggest that LNC-EC has an antiwrinkle effect on the corners of the eyes based on parameters like the maximum wrinkle width and the number of wrinkles.

CONCLUSIONS

LNC-EC, with horse placental extract as its main ingredient, was shown to be effective in improving wrinkles at the eye corners, presumably due to a reduction in the maximum wrinkle width and the number of wrinkles. Interpretation of the results is limited because this study was conducted only in the intervention group. A randomized controlled trial with a placebo control group is necessary to verify the antiwrinkle effects of horse placental extract.
Programas socioeducativos para personas mayores: apuntes para la intervención del trabajo social en el ámbito gerontológico
Authors: Avalos Pérez Rosaura
Published: November 2023

En los últimos años, los estudios sobre las tendencias del crecimiento de la población con 60 años o más han propiciado lecturas transversales de los datos censales. En este sentido, para Trabajo Social se vislumbra un ámbito de intervención bastante robusto, dadas las diversas carencias en que atañe a los temas relacionados con la salud, educación, vivienda, seguridad social, empleo, entre otras más que aquejan a la población mayor. Este profesionista tiene ante sí el reto en su formación de allegarse de las herramientas teóricas metodológicas, así como de tener la claridad ético política que se requiere para lograr una intervención lo más integral posible para con esta población. Este trabajo responde a un cuestionamiento acerca del quehacer profesional del Trabajo Social en el ámbito gerontológico, ámbito que se está configurando, por ello existe inquietud de saber qué se requiere, tanto teórica como metodológicamente, en la formación de las y los Trabajadores Sociales capacitados para comprender y atender a la población en su proceso de envejecimiento.
Navigating entrepreneurial terrain: The role of technology readiness and gender in shaping intentions
Authors: Haryonto Haryanto , Tanding Suryandari Retno , Sugiarto Catur , Suryanadi Pram , Rawidyo Putro Tetuko , Budiwati Christiyaningsih
Published: November 2023

The pervasive influence of information technology across various life sectors, particularly in the business realm, has prompted this study to investigate the impact of technology readiness on entrepreneurial intentions within a student context. A purposive sampling method was employed to select a sample comprising 213 college students, and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was utilized to assess the interrelationships among the study's constructed variables. The findings underscore the significant impact of technology readiness on attitudes, which, in turn, plays a pivotal role in shaping entrepreneurial intentions. Furthermore, the research highlights the influential roles of subjective norms and perceived behavioral control in the formation of entrepreneurial intentions. Conversely, results from the Multi-Group Analysis (MGA) do not support the gender variable as a moderating factor. However, a noteworthy revelation emerges from the bootstrapping analysis, unveiling gender-based differences in the influence of subjective norm variables on entrepreneurial intentions when comparing male and female groups.
Pengembangan Deteksi Suhu dan Kelembaban Laboratorium Elektronika Dengan Menggunakan Metode Fuzzy Logic
Authors: Niam Bahrun , Darpono Rony , Sabara Martselani Adias
Published: November 2023

The electronics laboratory is an important place to run the practical activities, especially among electronics students. It is important to protect laboratory equipment and components from the temperature and humidity factors. Whether, the temperature is too cold and the humidity is too high, it caused the corrosion of all electronic components. Thus, it also caused minor until severe damage of the components. Arduino is an open source electronics kit which specially designed to make easier for researcher to develop electronic devices regarding to various sensors and controllers. The laboratory room temperature detection system was carried out by using an Arduino device, which aims to determine the temperature conditions in the laboratory. The method used in this research is the fuzzy logic method. The software used is Arduiono and Matlab, while the hardware is power supply, D1 Mini microcontroller, DHT11 sensor and LCD. The results showed that the temperature data obtained from the DHT11 sensor will be displayed on the LCD. The temperature data obtained is 27 degrees Celsius – 29 degrees Celsius. The system is able to provide information when the temperature and humidity conditions are abnormal and the LED lights up according to room conditions.
Analisa Performansi Jaringan Telekomunikasi Fiber to the Home (FTTH) Menggunakan Metode Power Link Budget Pada Kluster Bhumi Nirwana Balikpapan Utara
Authors: Utami Amalia Rizqi , Rahmayanti Della , Azyati Zafira
Published: November 2023

Currently, the technology needed in the era of digitalization is increasing rapidly. Especially, the need of an internet network. During this pandemic, which requires people to carry out their activities from home or known as Work From Home (WFH). In order to support the success of WFH activities, an adequate internet connection is required. Based on these problems, this study was conducted to analyze the performance of the Fiber to the Home (FTTH) telecommunications network in the Bhumi Nirwana Cluster, Batu Ampar, North Balikpapan. The analysis technique chosen designed a simulation using OptiSystem software and mathematical calculations using the Power Link Budget method. After a sessions of experiments and mathematical calculations, it can be concluded that the Bit Error Rate (BER) value obtained is categorized as "Fair" based on the BER value indicator which does not exceed 10e-9 which is the standard value. In mathematical calculations used the Power Link Budget method, on the uplink and downlink sides, the average value of the total attenuation is obtained with "good" results, which is less than 28 dB and has met the ITU-T G.984 standard, the value of the average the average maximum power sensitivity is greater than -28 dBm and the value of the average power margin is more than 0 dB which indicates the results of these two values have accepted the standard.
Overspeed Detection Using Arduino Uno-based IR Infrared Sensor
Authors: Alhaq Habib , Apriaskar Esa , Djuniadi Djuniadi
Published: November 2023

The goal of this project is to measure the speed of an object as it passes through the sensor being utilized. The tool that will be developed as a result of this project has already been designed in software simulation to ensure that it will work as intended. This device uses two infrared sensors as input signals to be processed in accordance with orders.I will be connected to an Arduino Uno through a middle whiteboard as a communication hub between various parts. The parameter used in this tool is the movement of the object going through the infrared sensor because that is what is measured when an object goes through the sensor in this tool. The input data will be processed and then shown on the programmed I2C 16x2 LCD to show the output signal that results from processing the input signal. Making this tool will allow users to minimize unintended incidents and control their speed while driving.
Assessing qualitative data richness and thickness: development of an evidence-based tool for use in qualitative evidence synthesis Short running title: A data thickness/richness assessment tool
Authors: Ames Heather , France Emma , Cooper Sara , Bianchim Mayara Silveira , Lewis Simon , Schmidt Bey-Marrié , Uny Isabelle , Noyes Jane
Published: November 2023

This paper introduces version one of an assessment tool developed to
address the challenges posed by the assessment of data thickness and
richness in primary qualitative studies for Qualitative Evidence
Syntheses (QES). The tool has been in development since 2014. Three
pilot versions from three review teams have been used in six Cochrane
reviews. Key members from the original three review teams came together
to create a consensus-based definitive version 1 of the tool for
publication. Four review authors piloted the version 1 tool. The
definitive version 1 assessment tool consists of two components:
assessing the thickness of contextual data and assessing the richness of
conceptual data. A sliding scale with four points is used to rate these
aspects, offering nuanced and qualitative judgments. The accompanying
guidance emphasizes the importance of assessing data that addresses the
review question. Paragraph locked by Heather Melanie R Ames The paper
provides guidance on how to apply the tool, emphasizing the importance
of reaching a consensus among review authors, and fostering a shared
understanding of what constitutes rich and thick data in the context of
the review. The potential challenges related to the time and resource
constraints of this additional review process are acknowledged. Version
1 of the data thickness/richness assessment tool represents a
significant development in QES methodology, filling a critical gap in
tools for evaluating the richness of conceptual data and the level of
contextual detail in primary qualitative studies. It enhances the
transparency and rigor of the sampling process and offers valuable
insights for assessing the thickness and richness of data in primary
qualitative studies that addresses the review requestion, objectives and
context as specified in the review protocol. The authors invite feedback
from the research community to further test, refine and improve this
tool based on wider user experiences.
Slab-plate coupling via downbending and GPE
Authors: Sandiford Dr. Dan
Published: November 2023

The coupling between subducted slabs and trailing plates is often
conceptualised in terms of a net in-plane force. If a significant
fraction of upper-mantle slab buoyancy (e.g. ~ 25%)
were transferred in this manner, a net in-plane force on the order of
5-10 TN/m would be typical of the trailing plates. Results from a
numerical subduction model are presented here which question both the
magnitude and-perhaps more profoundly-the mode of force transmission. In
this model the subducting plate (SP) driving force is predominantly
supplied by differences in gravitational potential energy (GPE). The GPE
associated with plate downbending (flexural topography) provides about
half the total driving force. The magnitude of the trench GPE is related
to the amplitude of topography, but is mediated by the internal stress
distributions associated with bending. Above the elastic core, the
stress is Andersonian and vertical normal stresses are lithostatic. This
implies horizontal gradients in the vertical normal stress, across
columns of different elevation in the outer slope. The bulk of the
trench GPE arises from this upper, extensional section the lithosphere.
Vertical shear stress (and horizontal gradients thereof) are
concentrated in the elastic core of the slab, where principal stresses
rotate through 90 degrees. In this region, horizontal gradients in
vertical normal stress rapidly diminish; they fully equilibrate at about
twice the neutral plane depth. For the deepest trenches on Earth, these
relationships imply trench GPE of up to about 5 TN/m. The model
demonstrates that mantle slabs can drive plate tectonics simply through
downbending, where the predominant mode of slab-plate coupling is via
the vertical shear force and bending moment.