bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ways to solve welding problems of bridge structures for arctic service
Authors: Buzorina D.S.
Published: September 2023

The problems of material selection for steel bridge structures for arctic service and welding of such structures in pre-fabricated conditions and at sites are considered. The sources for the research included data on the requirements for steels for the manufacture of metal bridge structures for arctic service, the specifics of their welding, control of structure formation and mechanical properties of welded joints. The main reason for the insufficient impact strength at low temperatures is the presence of microcracks on the grain boundaries of the metal crystal structure, the cause of which is the presence of phosphorus and sulfur impurities in structural steels. To improve cold resistance properties, welding modes should be chosen in such way, that liquid metal stays for the minimum amount of time at the melting point of iron sulfide on the grain boundaries of the metal crystal structure. The necessity of engineering comparative analysis with the application of modern research methods of available methods for welding of bridge structures for arctic service is shown.
Еxperimental determination of ratio of transverse and longitudinal deformations (Poisson's ratio) during longitudinal rolling
Authors: Semenov I.E.
Published: September 2023

In the analysis of experimental data obtained according to the scheme of the plane stressed-deformed condition (during longitudinal rolling) the dependence of the ratio of transverse to longitudinal deformations coefficient, or Poisson’s ratio for plane stressed-deformed condition are defined. Obtained values differ from the tabular data for the elastic deformed state and from the accepted value in the deformation theory of plasticity.
Enhancing Skin Cancer Classification Using Optimized InceptionV3 Model
Authors: Daniati Uki Eka Saputri  , Nurul Khasanah  , Aziz Faruq , Taopik Hidayat
Published: September 2023

Skin cancer is a disease that starts in skin cells characterized by uncontrolled growth that can attack skin tissue. Although it has a high cure rate if treated in a timely manner, a delay in diagnosis can have serious consequences. The use of computer technology, especially Artificial Intelligence (AI), has played an important role in improving health services, including in the context of skin cancer. New innovations in the classification and detection of skin cancer using artificial neural networks have led to significant improvements in diagnosis and treatment. One promising approach is using the InceptionV3 algorithm, which has high accuracy and is capable of processing high-resolution images. This study aims to implement InceptionV3 to classify two types of skin cancer, namely malignant and benign, with an emphasis on improving accuracy performance. With the pre-processing process, namely augmentation and the addition of several features, this study aims to provide accurate and efficient results in skin cancer classification. The results of this study can have a positive impact in increasing the accuracy of early detection of skin cancer, especially by future researchers.
Ownership Concentration, CEO’s Technical Background and Enterprise Innovation
Authors: Shi Yuping
Published: September 2023

From the perspective of enterprise innovation, this paper studies whether companies with higher ownership concentration are willing to hire a technology CEO. This paper studies the relationship between ownership concentration, CEO’s technical background, and enterprise innovation by taking private listed companies on small and medium-sized boards in Shenzhen Stock Market from 2011 to 2019 as research samples. The results show that CEO’s technical background promotes enterprise innovation. However, enterprises with higher ownership concentration are more willing to hire a non-technology CEO. Ownership concentration not only directly hinders enterprise innovation, but also indirectly hinders enterprise innovation by hindering the selection and recruitment of technical CEOs. Further research shows that under the condition of shareholding, technology CEOs significantly promote enterprise innovation, while under the condition of non-shareholding, technology CEOs have no significant impact on enterprise innovation. Without serving as chairmen, technical CEOs significantly promotes enterprise innovation, while serving as chairmen, technical CEOs have no significant impact on enterprise innovation. However, in the samples with high ownership concentration, there are significantly more companies where CEO serves as chairman and significantly fewer companies where CEO holds shares, which indicates that companies with high ownership concentration do not actively implement innovation incentive measures for CEOs. This study provides an important basis for Chinese private small and medium-sized enterprises to make innovative decisions in major shareholder governance and general manager selection.
Perioperative immunotherapy for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: Now and future
Authors: Liu Yong
Published: September 2023

Esophageal cancer (EC) ranks among the most prevalent malignant tumors affecting the digestive tract. Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) stands as the prevailing pathological subtype, encompassing approximately 90% of all EC patients. In clinical stage II-IVA locally advanced ESCC cases, the primary approach to treatment involves a combination of neoadjuvant therapy and surgical resection. Despite concerted efforts, the long-term outcomes for ESCC patients remain unsatisfactory, with dismal prognoses. However, recent years have witnessed remarkable strides in immunotherapy, particularly in the second- and first-line treatment of advanced or metastatic ESCC, with the development of monoclonal antibodies that inhibit programmed death 1 or programmed death ligand 1 demonstrating encouraging responses and perioperative clinical benefits for various malignancies, including ESCC. This comprehensive review aims to present the current landscape of perioperative immunotherapy for resectable ESCC, focusing specifically on the role of immune checkpoint inhibitors during the perioperative period. Additionally, the review will explore promising biomarkers and offer insights into future prospects.
Contractual Procedures in Pre-Trial Criminal Proceedings: Asian Experience
Authors: BALOV Pavlo
Published: September 2023

The criminal procedural legislation regarding the simplification of criminal proceedings and the use of «contractual» procedures in the stage of pre-trial investigation in a number of Asian states (Japan, China, Taiwan, Singapore, Indonesia, Malaysia) has been analysed. It is emphasized that the rather conservative criminal procedural legislation of many Asian states during the last decade underwent reforms aimed at optimizing, simplifying and speeding up criminal proceedings, including through the use of «contractual» procedures. It has been established that the Asian experience of applying simplified procedures during pre-trial investigation, in particular, «contractual» procedures in criminal proceedings, attests to the granting of very broad discretionary powers to prosecutors. It is concluded that mostly «contractual» proceedings in Asian states in one form or another involve the procedure of concluding a plea agreement, which must ultimately be reviewed by the court, which, depending on the state, has more or less discretion when approving it and imposing a punishment. Certain Asian states have adopted the classic approach to concluding plea agreements that originated in the United States (plea bargaining), while others have introduced more original models. In particular, the Japanese model of «contractual» proceedings provides for the cooperation of the accused not with respect to the criminal offense he or she committed, but only with respect to the commission of criminal offenses by other persons. Instead, in Singapore, several models of negotiations between parties in criminal proceedings are used — without the participation of a judge, with the judge’s mediation, as well as the conclusion of a «Deferred Prosecution Agreement» available to legal entities. The opinion was expressed that Singapore’s experience in implementing a system of negotiations between the prosecution and defence parties through the mediation of a judge («Criminal Case Resolution») is interesting from the point of view of the possibility of implementation in Ukraine, which provides for the elimination of contradictions with the aim of a quick and conflict-free resolution of the case and, to some extent, has signs of a mediation..
Penggunaan Algoritma Naïve Bayes pada Klasifikasi Judul Proyek Akhir Berdasarkan Kelompok Bidang Kompetensi (KBK)
Authors: Nurmalasari Dini , Yuliantoro Heri , Yanti Saleha Indri
Published: September 2023

The Final Project is one of the graduation requirements that must be met by Caltex Riau Polytechnic students. The title of the final project is submitted by students through the SIAK system. Currently, students who submit titles will choose their own type of KBK from the inputted title. So that a problem arises where the title of the final project does not match the KBK it should or the KBK is wrong. This is due to the ignorance of students in analyzing the title data of the final project that will be submitted. For this reason, a system is needed to classify Final Project titles based on CBC automatically. The system created is a system that can classify KBK automatically based on the description of the title of the Final Project by using text mining methods and nave Bayes algorithms. The system can also detect the percentage of similarity of the entered title with the existing title in the system database. The algorithm used to generate the percentage of title similarity is cosine similarity with text mining method.
Predictors of Learning Disabilities Among Visual Arts Students at The Senior High School in Ghana
Authors: Kankam Theophilus , Opoku-Asare Nana Afia , Ampofo Martin Gyekye
Published: September 2023

Learning disabilities do not occur in isolation but as a result of certain environmental factors such as school, class, and home with various underlining conditions which immensely present barriers to students learning. The study, therefore, employed a triangulation mixed research approach with a questionnaire, observation, and focus group discussion aimed at identifying learning disabilities and their various causal factors at the SHS, typically among students who seems to be a repository of BECE under-performance at the visual arts department. Data was sourced from 119 visual arts students (85 males; 34 females), 59 “BECE under-performance” (33 males; 26 females), 5 visual arts practical lessons, and 8 focus group members (4 males; 4 females). The findings revealed that students with underperforming BECE grades were admitted to pursue visual arts programme at the SHS. This was due to varied environmental deprivations in school, classroom, and at home that presented an unconducive learning environment for these students. It was therefore recommended that strategic educational interventions should be adopted to help avert the situation.
Propuesta de la Teoría del Anti-Letargo de Pequeños Agricultores en base al Análisis de la Gobernanza Sostenible Perú 2022
Authors: Mendoza Vela Ana Luisa
Published: September 2023

Esta investigación tuvo por objetivo analizar la gobernanza sostenible aplicable a la pequeña agricultura orgánica en Perú 2022. Se aplicó la metodología cualitativa: estudio de caso, cuyos sujetos de estudio fueron 15 representantes de organizaciones de productores y 5 representantes de instituciones; a quienes se aplicó una entrevista semiestructurada; complementada con un análisis documental de las principales políticas públicas agrarias y ambientales. Los resultados evidencian una enorme brecha de gobernanza ambiental entre los niveles de gobierno y entre multisectores, que no visibiliza a la pequeña agricultura orgánica como actores clave en el desarrollo sostenible. Se concluye, que no existe una visión integral sobre la agricultura orgánica como una estrategia de sostenibilidad ambiental. Se propone la “Teoría del anti-letargo de los pequeños agricultores frente a la Gobernanza sostenible”, que consiste en estrategias para motivar la participación agraria, frente a que más de 2 millones de agricultores están a la espera del gobierno; es decir, ciudadanos que no han comprendido que estar asociados, activos y comprometidos; puede generar economías de escala, mejores oportunidades y elevar niveles de vida para nuevas generaciones.
ANALYSIS OF AMBIENT AIR QUALITY AND GENSET EMISSIONS AT PT. REKSO NASIONAL FOOD (MC. DONALDS) GORONTALO CITY
Authors: Prasetya Ekawaty , Makkulawu Andi
Published: September 2023

Air, as one of the components of the environment, is the most essential requirement in supporting life. Metabolism in the bodies of living things cannot occur without air oxygen. Air can be grouped into outdoor air and indoor air. Indoor air quality dramatically affects human health because almost 90% of human life is indoors. Indoor air quality is a problem that needs attention because it will affect human health. The emergence of poor indoor air quality is generally caused by several things, namely lack of air ventilation (52%), sources of indoor pollution (16%), outdoor pollution (10%), microbes (5%), and building materials (4 %). ), others (13%). Sources of air pollution can also come from household activities, starting from the kitchen in the form of smoke. According to several studies, air pollution from kitchens contributes significantly to ARI. The novelty of this research is that it examines ambient air quality and generator emissions. The study aimed to analyze Ambient Air Quality and Generator Emissions at PT Rekso National Foods (MC Donalds) in Gorontalo City. The results showed that the surrounding air quality still met the requirements, both CO, TSP, PM10, PM 2.5 and generator emissions. However, the noise factor still does not meet the threshold standard. This study concludes that all variables still meet predetermined threshold values except for the noise variable, which exceeds the threshold value.
THE EFFECT OF LOW BIRTH WEIGHT (LBW) ON NEONATAL DEATH IN GORONTALO CITY
Authors: I. Mohune Ahmad , Kadir Sunarto , Boekoesoe Lintje
Published: September 2023

Indonesia is a developing country with high maternal and infant mortality rates. One of the causes of infant mortality in Indonesia is the incidence of Low Birth Weight (LBW) of 38.85%. The number of neonatal deaths in Gorontalo City between 2018 - 2021 is 83 cases. The novelty of this research is the effect of LBW on neonatal death. This study aims to see the impact of LBW on neonatal mortality in Gorontalo City after controlling for maternal risk factors in the form of a history of complications and the frequency of ANC. The research design used was analytic with a case-control approach. The sample in this study consisted of 30 cases and 60 controls. The results of the survey show that from the effects of bivariate analysis, the history of complications variable has an Odds Ratio Crude value of 55 and an Odds Ratio Adjusted of 13 and the Mantel-Haenszel test value: p-value α (0.000 0.05). In contrast, Antenatal Care has an Odds Ratio Crude value of 28 and Odds Ratio Adjusted by 17 and the value of the Mantel-Haenszel test: p-value α (0.000 0.05). The Odds Ratio value for LBW is 20 with a p-value α (0.000 0.05). This study concludes that LBW has a 20 times risk of neonatal death (95% CI = 6.506 – 61.485)
Vom Wachsen und Zusammenwachsen
Authors: Hoffarth Christian
Published: September 2023

Nach dem Ende des Zweiten Weltkriegs stand Bordesholm vor enormen Herausforderungen. Die Verwerfungen der nationalsozialistischen Zeit wirkten noch lange nach und hemmten das politische und soziale Zusammenwachsen der
Gemeinde. Raum- und Ressourcenknappheit als Folgen des explosionsartigen Bevölkerungswachstums blieben über Jahrzehnte spürbar. Durch Unternehmungsgeist und Erfindungsreichtum gelang es der Gemeinde seit der Mitte des
20. Jahrhunderts jedoch, ihrer neuen Rolle als Unterzentrum gerecht zu werden und sich zu einem prosperierenden Wohn- und Wirtschaftsstandort im Herzen Schleswig-Holsteins zu entwickeln.
PENTINGNYA MENJAGA KESEJAHTERAAN EMOSIONAL LANSIA JANDA/DUDA DI PANTI SOSIAL: PERAN LONELINESS DAN DEPRESI
Authors: Vitayala Alne , Putri Nariswari Nasya , Rahman Syahnur
Published: September 2023

Many elderly choose to live in nursing homes because they do not receive attention from their families. Loneliness that is felt in nursing homes can affect the mental health of the elderly. This research has high urgency because it describes the negative impact of loneliness (loneliness) on the level of depression in the elderly who are widows/widowers who live in social institutions. In a social context that often lacks attention to this population, this research is important to identify problems and direct attention to efforts to prevent and treat their mental health problems. This study aims to examine the relationship between loneliness (loneliness) and the level of depression in the elderly who are widows/widowers in social institutions. This study uses the literature study method by taking two national articles and three international articles as references. The results show that there is a positive and significant relationship between loneliness and the level of depression in the elderly with widow/widower status in social institutions.
Alert Classification for the ALeRCE Broker System: The Anomaly Detector
Authors: Perez-Carrasco Manuel , Cabrera-Vives Guillermo , Hernandez-García Lorena , Förster F. , Sanchez-Saez Paula , Muñoz Arancibia Alejandra M. , Arredondo Javier , Astorga Nicolás , Bauer Franz E. , Bayo Amelia , Catelan M. , Dastidar Raya , Estévez P. A. , Lira Paulina , Pignata Giuliano
Published: September 2023

Astronomical broker systems, such as Automatic Learning for the Rapid Classification of Events (ALeRCE), are currently analyzing hundreds of thousands of alerts per night, opening up an opportunity to automatically detect anomalous unknown sources. In this work, we present the ALeRCE anomaly detector, composed of three outlier detection algorithms that aim to find transient, periodic, and stochastic anomalous sources within the Zwicky Transient Facility data stream. Our experimental framework consists of cross-validating six anomaly detection algorithms for each of these three classes using the ALeRCE light-curve features. Following the ALeRCE taxonomy, we consider four transient subclasses, five stochastic subclasses, and six periodic subclasses. We evaluate each algorithm by considering each subclass as the anomaly class. For transient and periodic sources the best performance is obtained by a modified version of the deep support vector data description neural network, while for stochastic sources the best results are obtained by calculating the reconstruction error of an autoencoder neural network. Including a visual inspection step for the 10 most promising candidates for each of the 15 ALeRCE subclasses, we detect 31 bogus candidates (i.e., those with photometry or processing issues) and seven potential astrophysical outliers that require follow-up observations for further analysis.
16

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The code and the data needed to reproduce our results are publicly available at https://github.com/mperezcarrasco/AnomalyALeRCE.
EMU Detection of a Large and Low Surface Brightness Galactic SNR G288.8–6.3
Authors: Filipović Miroslav D. , Dai Shi , Arbutina Bojan , Hurley-Walker Natasha , Brose Robert , Becker Werner , Sano Hidetoshi , Urošević Dejan , Jarrett T. H. , Hopkins Andrew M. , Alsaberi Rami Z. E. , Alsulami R. , Bordiu Cristobal , Ball Brianna , Bufano Filomena , Burger-Scheidlin Christopher , Crawford Evan , English Jayanne , Haberl Frank , Ingallinera Adriano , Kapinska Anna D. , Kavanagh Patrick J. , Koribalski Bärbel S. , Kothes Roland , Lazarević Sanja , Mackey Jonathan , Rowell Gavin , Leahy Denis , Loru Sara , Macgregor Peter J. , Nicastro Luciano , Norris Ray P. , Riggi Simone , Sasaki Manami , Stupar Milorad , Trigilio Corrado , Umana Grazia , Vernstrom Tessa , Vukotić Branislav
Published: September 2023

We present the serendipitous detection of a new Galactic supernova remnant (SNR), G288.8–6.3, using data from the Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder (ASKAP) Evolutionary Map of the Universe (EMU) survey. Using multifrequency analysis, we confirm this object as an evolved Galactic SNR at high Galactic latitude with low radio surface brightness and typical SNR spectral index of α = − 0.41 ± 0.12. To determine the magnetic field strength in SNR G288.8–6.3, we present the first derivation of the equipartition formulae for SNRs with spectral indices α > − 0.5. The angular size is 1.°8 × 1.°6 (107.′6 × 98.′4), and we estimate that its intrinsic size is ∼40 pc, which implies a distance of ∼1.3 kpc and a position of ∼140 pc above the Galactic plane. This is one of the largest in angular size and closest Galactic SNRs. Given its low radio surface brightness, we suggest that it is about 13,000 yr old.
HETDEX Public Source Catalog 1—Stacking 50,000 Lyman Alpha Emitters
∗
Authors: Davis Dustin , Gebhardt Karl , Cooper Erin Mentuch , Bowman William P. , Garcia Castanheira Barbara , Chisholm John , Ciardullo Robin , Fabricius Maximilian , Farrow Daniel J. , Finkelstein Steven L. , Gronwall Caryl , Gawiser Eric , Hill Gary J. , Hopp Ulrich , House Lindsay R. , Jeong Donghui , Kollatschny Wolfram , Komatsu Eiichiro , Liu Chenxu , Niemeyer Maja Lujan , Saldana-Lopez Alberto , Saito Shun , Schneider Donald P. , Snigula Jan , Tuttle Sarah , Weiss Laurel H. , Wisotzki Lutz , Zeimann Gregory
Published: September 2023

We describe the ensemble properties of the 1.9 < z < 3.5 Lyman alpha emitters (LAEs) found in the HETDEX survey’s first public data release, HETDEX Public Source Catalog 1. Stacking the low-resolution (R ∼ 800) spectra greatly increases the signal-to-noise ratio (S/N), revealing spectral features otherwise hidden by noise, and we show that the stacked spectrum is representative of an average member of the set. The flux-limited, Lyα S/N restricted stack of 50,000 HETDEX LAEs shows the ensemble biweight average
z ∼ 2.6 LAE to be a blue (UV continuum slope ∼ −2.4 and E(B – V) < 0.1), moderately bright (M
UV ∼ −19.7) star-forming galaxy with strong Lyα emission (log L
Lyα
∼ 42.8 and W

λ
(Lyα) ∼ 114 Å), and potentially significant leakage of ionizing radiation. The rest-frame UV light is dominated by a young, metal-poor stellar population with an average age of 5–15 Myr and metallicity of 0.2–0.3 Z
⊙.
The DESI One-Percent Survey: Constructing Galaxy–Halo Connections for ELGs and LRGs Using Auto and Cross Correlations
Authors: Gao Hongyu , Jing Y. P. , Gui Shanquan , Xu Kun , Zheng Yun , Zhao Donghai , Aguilar Jessica Nicole , Ahlen Steven , Brooks David , Claybaugh Todd , Dawson Kyle , xde la Macorra Axel , Doel Peter , Fanning Kevin , Forero-Romero Jaime E. , A Gontcho Satya Gontcho , Guy Julien , Honscheid Klaus , Kehoe Robert , Landriau Martin , Manera Marc , Meisner Aaron , Miquel Ramon , Moustakas John , Newman Jeffrey A. , Nie Jundan , Percival Will , Rossi Graziano , Schubnell Michael , Seo Hee-Jong , Tarlé Gregory , Weaver Benjamin Alan , Yu Jiaxi , Zhou Zhimin
Published: September 2023

In the current Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) survey, emission line galaxies (ELGs) and luminous red galaxies (LRGs) are essential for mapping the dark matter distribution at z ∼ 1. We measure the auto and cross correlation functions of ELGs and LRGs at 0.8 < z ≤ 1.0 from the DESI One-Percent survey. Following Gao et al., we construct the galaxy–halo connections for ELGs and LRGs simultaneously. With the stellar–halo mass relation for the whole galaxy population (i.e., normal galaxies), LRGs can be selected directly by stellar mass, while ELGs can also be selected randomly based on the observed number density of each stellar mass, once the probability P
sat of a satellite galaxy becoming an ELG is determined. We demonstrate that the observed small scale clustering prefers a halo mass-dependent P
sat model rather than a constant. With this model, we can well reproduce the auto correlations of LRGs and the cross correlations between LRGs and ELGs at r
p > 0.1 Mpc h
−1. We can also reproduce the auto correlations of ELGs at r
p > 0.3 Mpc h
−1 (s > 1 Mpc h
−1) in real (redshift) space. Although our model has only seven parameters, we show that it can be extended to higher redshifts and reproduces the observed auto correlations of ELGs in the whole range of 0.8 < z ≤ 1.6, which enables us to generate a lightcone ELG mock for DESI. With the above model, we further derive halo occupation distributions for ELGs, which can be used to produce ELG mocks in coarse simulations without resolving subhalos.
The Gamma-Ray Pulsar Phenomenology in View of 3D Kinetic Global Magnetosphere Models
Authors: Kalapotharakos Constantinos , Wadiasingh Zorawar , Harding Alice K. , Kazanas Demosthenes
Published: September 2023

We develop kinetic plasma models of pulsar magnetospheres with magnetic-field-line-dependent plasma injection that reveal the importance of various magnetosphere regions in regulating the γ-ray emission. We set different particle injection rates for the so-called open, closed, and separatrix zones. Moderate particle injection rates in open and closed zones ensure a global field structure close to the force-free structure, while the dissipation occurs mainly in and around the equatorial current sheet. The particles that are injected into the separatrix zone affect the particle populations that enter the equatorial current sheet region, and therefore the corresponding accelerating electric fields, particle energies, the spectral cutoff energy, and γ-ray efficiency. The separatrix zone models reproduce the recently discovered fundamental plane of γ-ray pulsars consistent with curvature radiation emission, the γ-ray light-curve shapes, and the radio-lag versus peak-separation correlation reported in the Fermi second pulsar catalog. The model beaming factors indicate that the pulsar total γ-ray luminosities listed in the Fermi catalogs are overestimations of the actual ones. We find that the radiation reaction limited regime starts ceasing to govern the high-energy emission for



̇

≲

10

34

erg

s

−
1

. Our results also indicate that toward high magnetic inclination angles, the Y point around the rotational equator migrates well inside the light cylinder, sparking additional peaks in the γ-ray pulse profiles. We find that an equivalent enhanced particle injection beyond the Y point strengthens these features, making the model γ-ray light curves inconsistent with those observed.
Powerful Radio Sources in the Southern Sky. II. A Swift X-Ray Perspective
Authors: Massaro F. , White S. V. , Paggi A. , Jimenez-Gallardo A. , Madrid J. P. , Mazzucchelli C. , Forman W. R. , Capetti A. , Leto C. , García-Pérez A. , Cheung C. C. , Chavushyan V. , Nesvadba N. P. H. , Andruchow I. , Peña-Herazo H. A. , Sani E. , Grossová R. , Reynaldi V. , Kraft R. P. , Balmaverde B. , Cellone S.
Published: September 2023

We recently constructed the G4Jy-3CRE, a catalog of extragalactic radio sources based on the GLEAM 4-Jy (G4Jy) sample, with the aim of increasing the number of powerful radio galaxies and quasars with similar selection criteria to those of the revised release of the Third Cambridge Catalog (3CR). The G4Jy-3CRE consists of a total of 264 radio sources mainly visible from the Southern Hemisphere. Here, we present an initial X-ray analysis of 89 G4Jy-3CRE radio sources with archival X-ray observations from the Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory. We reduced a total of 624 Swift observations, for about 0.9 Ms of integrated exposure time. We found X-ray counterparts for 59 radio sources belonging to the G4Jy-3CRE, nine of them showing extended X-ray emission. The remaining 30 sources do not show any X-ray emission associated with their radio cores. Our analysis demonstrates that X-ray snapshot observations, even if lacking uniform exposure times, as those carried out with Swift, allow us to (i) verify and/or refine the host galaxy identification; (ii) discover the extended X-ray emission around radio galaxies of the intracluster medium when harbored in galaxy clusters, as the case of G4Jy 1518 and G4Jy 1664; and (iii) detect X-ray radiation arising from their radio lobes, as for G4Jy 1863.
Age of FGK Dwarfs Observed with LAMOST and GALAH: Considering the Oxygen Enhancement
Authors: Sun Tiancheng , Ge Zhishuai , Chen Xunzhou , Bi Shaolan , Li Tanda , Zhang Xianfei , Li Yaguang , Wu Yaqian , Bird Sarah A. , Ferguson J. W. , Zhou Jianzhao , Ye Lifei , Long Liu , Zhang Jinghua
Published: September 2023

Varying oxygen abundance could impact modeling-inferred ages. This work aims to estimate the ages of dwarfs considering observed oxygen abundance. To characterize 67,503 LAMOST and 4006 GALAH FGK-type dwarf stars, we construct a grid of stellar models, which take into account oxygen abundance as an independent model input. Compared with ages determined with commonly used α-enhanced models, we find a difference of ∼9% on average when the observed oxygen abundance is considered. The age differences between the two types of models are correlated to [Fe/H] and [O/α], and they are relatively significant on stars with [Fe/H] ≲ −0.6 dex. Generally, varying 0.2 dex in [O/α] will alter the age estimates of metal-rich (−0.2 < [Fe/H] < 0.2) stars by ∼10% and relatively metal-poor (−1 < [Fe/H] < −0.2) stars by ∼15%. Of the low-O stars with [Fe/H] < 0.1 dex and [O/α] ∼−0.2 dex, many have fractional age differences of ≥ 10% and even reach up to 27%. The fractional age difference of high-O stars with [O/α] ∼0.4 dex reaches up to −33% to −42% at [Fe/H] ≲ −0.6 dex. We also analyze the chemical properties of these stars. We find a decreasing trend of [Fe/H] with ages from 7.5–9 Gyr to 5–6.5 Gyr for the stars from the LAMOST and GALAH. The [O/Fe] of these stars increases with decreasing age from 7.5–9 Gyr to 3–4 Gyr, indicating that the younger population is more O rich.
Improved GALEX UV Photometry for 700,000 SDSS Galaxies
Authors: Osborne Chandler , Salim Samir , Boquien Médéric , Dickinson Mark , Arnouts Stéphane
Published: September 2023

The Galaxy Evolution Explorer (GALEX) satellite performed the first and only large-area UV survey, which in tandem with the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) has facilitated modeling of the spectral energy distributions of low-redshift galaxies and the determination of various galaxy properties, in particular the star formation rate. However, the relatively crude angular resolution of GALEX (5″) made its images susceptible to blending of sources, resulting in potentially biased far-UV and near-UV (NUV) pipeline photometry. To remedy this issue and take advantage of model-fit photometry, we use the EMphot software to obtain forced GALEX photometry for ∼700,000 SDSS galaxies at z < 0.3. Positional priors of target galaxies and potentially contaminating neighbors were taken from SDSS. New photometry is based on the best-fitting of three model profiles: optical-like, exponential, and flat. New photometry mitigates blending present in the original pipeline catalogs, which affected 16% of galaxies at a level of >0.2 mag and 2% at a level of >1 mag. Pipeline NUV magnitudes are severely affected (≳1 mag) when the neighbor is brighter than the target galaxy and within 10″, or when the neighbor is fainter and within ∼3″ of the target. New photometry fixes edge-of-detector bias, which affected pipeline photometry by up to 0.1 mag in NUV. We present catalogs with new photometry for GALEX observations of different depths, corresponding to the all-sky imaging survey (AIS), medium imaging survey, and deep imaging survey. Catalogs feature combined magnitudes for multiple detections of the same galaxy in a survey.
A Model for Nonthermal Particle Acceleration in Relativistic Magnetic Reconnection
Authors: Li Xiaocan , Guo Fan , Liu Yi-Hsin , Li Hui
Published: September 2023

The past decade has seen an outstanding development of nonthermal particle acceleration in magnetic reconnection in magnetically dominated systems, with clear signatures of power-law energy distributions as a common outcome of first-principles kinetic simulations. Here we propose a semianalytical model for systematically investigating nonthermal particle acceleration in reconnection. We show particle energy distributions are well determined by particle injection, acceleration, and escape processes. Using a series of kinetic simulations, we accurately evaluate the energy- and time-dependent model coefficients. The resulting spectral characteristics, including the spectral index and lower and upper bounds of the power-law distribution, agree well with the simulation results. Finally, we apply the model to predict the power-law indices and break energies in astrophysical reconnection systems.
Two new Trichoderma species (Hypocreales, Hypocreaceae) isolated from decaying tubers of Gastrodia elate
Authors: Ye Chuwen , Jing Tingting , Sha Yuru , Mo Minghe , Yu Zefen
Published: September 2023

Species of Trichoderma are widely distributed around the world. In this study, two new species in Trichoderma, named as T. albidum and T. variegatum, were introduced and illustrated. These species were isolated from diseased tubers of Gastrodia elata in China and identified based on morphological characteristics and multi-gene sequence analyses of three loci that is the internal transcribed spacer regions of the ribosomal DNA (ITS), the translation elongation factor 1-α encoding gene (tef1-α) and the gene encoding the second largest nuclear RNA polymerase subunit (rpb2). Distinctions between the new species and their close relatives were discussed. According to results of the phylogenetic analyses, T. albidum belonged to the Harzianum clade and T. variegatum are grouped with species of the Spirale clade. The expansion of two clades provided research foundations for the prevention and control of tuber diseases in G. elata.
An updated checklist of the wild silkmoths (Lepidoptera, Saturniidae) of Colombia
Authors: Comoglio Lorenzo , Brechlin Ronald
Published: September 2023

In recent years, the study of wild silkmoths (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) has increased exponentially due to the intense sampling effort and the use of molecular evidence for species delimitation, which led to the description of numerous new taxa especially from the Neotropic. Given these rapid advances, the checklist of the Colombian Saturniidae needs to be updated to cover the taxonomy, distribution, and diversity of these moths in the country. After an extensive review of literature, data repositories, and collections, an updated and comprehensive list of Saturniidae from Colombia is presented, including their occurrence status in each Colombian department. The checklist includes 7 subfamilies, 55 genera, and 790 taxa (766 in species rank) of Saturniidae in Colombia. Current distribution data show that the genusWinbrechlinia, the subgenus Darylesia, 379 species, and 18 subspecies are endemic to Colombia. Moreover, a dichotomic key to the Colombian subfamilies is provided. A few taxonomic changes are proposed based on a thorough taxonomic revision of the Colombian taxa. This revision also addresses the issue of outdated species names reported in the first checklist of Colombian Saturniidae (Amarillo-Suárez 2000) and excludes old records of taxa that are considered dubious for Colombia based on new evidence. By presenting an updated list of Colombian species, including the newly described taxa, this study aims at eliminating confusion stemming from outdated names and provides a useful resource for researching and conservating Saturniidae in Colombia. We wish to offer a common reference for future studies on the biodiversity and biogeography of moths in the Neotropical realm.
Le concept de santé sociale : une approche collective, méso-sociologique et intégrée du soin
Authors: Duvoux Nicolas , Vezinat Nadège
Published: September 2023

Cet article propose une réflexion sur les conditions épistémiques et politiques d’élaboration, ainsi que sur les caractéristiques et apports, du concept de santé sociale. Il s’intéresse d’abord aux formes successives de problématisation des relations entre la dégradation de l’état de santé des différentes catégories de la population et les réponses qui lui sont apportées. Médecine sociale ; vulnérabilité ; lutte contre les inégalités sociales de santé, autant de formulations d’un mal social qui constituent des appuis pour des pratiques, orientations et normes d’action publique. Dans un deuxième temps, le concept de « santé sociale » sera présenté comme permettant l’élaboration d’un niveau intermédiaire de prise en compte du caractère collectif de la santé : entre la médecine individuelle, curative et isolée d’un côté et les approches populationnelles, préventives et intégrées de l’autre.
Apprendre la sexualité gouine
Authors: Nicaise Sarah
Published: September 2023

Cet article propose d’analyser la fabrication et la politisation de l’homosexualité féminine sous l’angle de la socialisation. À partir d’une enquête ethnographique menée auprès d’un groupe militant transpédégouine (TPG), il s’intéresse à la socialisation sexuelle secondaire de « gouines » engagées dans ce groupe. Pour comprendre comment s’apprend une sexualité gouine spécifique (contestataire, féministe, subversive et distinctive), il étudie les modalités et les effets de cette socialisation militante à la sexualité. Il révèle la façon dont le squat, en tant qu’espace socialisateur et lieu de sociabilité TPG, modifie les perceptions de l’homosexualité, les attirances sexuelles et les pratiques de séduction. Il montre également les processus par lesquels le groupe militant agit sur les représentations de ce qui est, ou non, désirable sexuellement et transforme ainsi l’objet des désirs, les pratiques érotiques, les conduites sexuelles et les relations amoureuses. Si la socialisation militante tend à forger des dispositions spécifiques, agissant sur les (dé)goûts sexuels des gouines, elle n’incline pas pour autant à l’identique leurs désirs et leurs pratiques sexuels. L’article vise aussi à réinscrire la diversité des rapports à la sexualité des gouines dans leurs trajectoires sexo-biographiques en regardant leurs socialisations sexuelles antérieures, faites d’expériences amoureuses et sexuelles différenciées, et leurs modes d’engagement dans le groupe.
Devenir parents de LGBT
Authors: Masclet Camille
Published: September 2023

Avoir des enfants lesbiennes, gays, bi sexuel·les et trans’ (LGBT) transforme-t-il les manières d’être, de faire et de penser des parents concernés ? Cet article examine comment les parcours des minorités sexuelles et de genre peuvent rejaillir sur leurs parents et engendrer des processus de resocialisation. À partir d’une enquête qualitative menée auprès de personnes LGBT adultes et de leurs parents, il montre que ces processus vécus par les parents débouchent sur des transformations de leurs socialisations majoritaires hétéronormatives. En mobilisant la notion interactionniste de carrière, l’article analyse les phases communes par lesquelles passent les parents de LGBT et dégage les formes de socialisation indirecte et partielle à l’expérience minoritaire qui en découlent. Pour saisir les rouages de ces resocialisations, il explore ensuite la pluralité des effets de la carrière de parents de LGBT, en distinguant les cas où les parcours des enfants engendrent des transformations individuelles assez poussées, de ceux où le coming-out ne fait pas événement dans les trajectoires parentales. Développées à partir des minorités sexuelles et de genre et de leurs parents, ces analyses renseignent les effets socialisateurs des écarts à l’hétéronormativité ; elles permettent aussi, plus largement, de saisir des socialisations familiales qui se déploient de manière ascendante, des enfants vers les parents.
Les 100 facettes de la politique comparée : radiographie de Critique internationale
Authors: Combes Hélène , Verdeil Éric , González Daniela
Published: September 2023

Résumé Sur la base d'un corpus constitué de 795 articles et de 905 auteur·es, nous revenons sur la pratique de la politique comparée dans Critique internationale . En ce qui concerne les auteur·es, nous identifions plusieurs tendances générales de l'espace des sciences sociales, notamment une féminisation accrue et une ouverture aux jeunes chercheur·es, ainsi qu'une diversification des institutions de provenance, qui donne plus de place aux universités situées en région et qui ne sont pas des grandes écoles. Nous constatons à la fois une augmentation notable du nombre d'articles portant sur les espaces extra-européens et une réduction du nombre d'auteur·es appartenant à des institutions localisées hors de France. En termes disciplinaires, la domination persistante de la science politique s'accompagne d'une montée de la sociologie. Le style de recherche évolue, avec un nombre accru d'enquêtes de terrains, reposant sur des méthodes diversifiées. Ces 25 années de Critique internationale illustrent l'approfondissement d'une manière spécifique de faire de la politique comparée, qui articule travaux monographiques et grandes questions des sciences sociales.
Le Fonctionnaire de sécurité et de défense, ou la recherche percutée par la problématique sécuritaire
Authors: Duclos Nathalie
Published: September 2023

Résumé Je m'emploie ici à identifier un des nombreux obstacles bureaucratiques à la réalisation d'enquêtes de terrain : celui incarné par le FSD. Mis en place pendant la guerre froide, le FSD était quasi inconnu des chercheurs et enseignants-chercheurs jusqu'aux années 1980-1990. Depuis, la délivrance de son avis lors des demandes d'ordre de mission constitue un tracas de plus en plus pesant et les catégories de personnel soumises à cet avis sont de plus en plus nombreuses. Les chercheurs français sont empêchés de mener des enquêtes de terrain, notamment à l'étranger, à partir de considérations sécuritaires et d'indicateurs discutables, sans considération des enjeux de connaissance, et alors que de nombreux acteurs dans d'autres domaines (économiques, politiques, social, culturel, médiatique) ou ressortissants d'autres pays peuvent se rendre sur ces terrains.
La monographie comparative : embrasser la tension entre singularité et universalité
Authors: Baczko Adam , Gayer Laurent , Massicard Élise
Published: September 2023

Résumé Comment tenir ensemble un propos de portée générale et les exigences d'une analyse approfondie ? C'est à la résolution de ce dilemme que s'emploie la monographie comparative, qui constitue une approche fertile pour monter en généralité à partir de l'analyse fine d'un cas singulier. La monographie comparative s'inscrit dans une approche de la comparaison qui rompt avec les acceptions formalistes aujourd'hui dominantes. Ancrée dans l'étude minutieuse de situations concrètes, cette approche renonce pourtant à l'exhaustivité : dans la construction de ses objets comme dans le dialogue engagé avec d'autres situations distantes dans le temps et l'espace, elle assume un rapport sélectif aux contextes. Après avoir retracé la généalogie de cette démarche dans les sciences sociales du politique en France, nous nous attachons à clarifier ses enjeux épistémologiques, pour enfin formaliser les opérations qui en font la spécificité. Nous montrons ainsi comment la monographie comparative construit ses objets en les dénaturalisant, tout en ouvrant l'étude de cas au vent du large.
Typique ou atypique ? Guerre froide, finance et génétique : itinéraire d'un quant inhabituel
Authors: Ravelli Quentin
Published: September 2023

Résumé Même après de longues enquêtes, nous sommes parfois incapables de dire si certaines personnes sont typiques ou atypiques, banales ou extraordinaires. Cette impression est perturbante, car toute pensée du monde social s'oriente par des moyennes et des normes qui permettent d'identifier des groupes sociaux, avec leurs centres et leurs marges, leurs formes de reproduction et les résistances qu'elles génèrent. C'est le cas de Winston, un mathématicien qui se spécialise dans le décodage des messages secrets pendant la guerre froide avant de se faire embaucher dans l'un des fonds d'investissement quantitatifs les plus rentables au monde, puis de se reconvertir à nouveau dans le décryptage du génome de l'homme de Néandertal. En l'écoutant, on ne cesse de se demander si son parcours sort de l'ordinaire ou s'il est, au contraire, emblématique des nouveaux traders du monde de la finance : les quants , ou analystes quantitatifs. Son parcours aiguise un doute qui s'impose au cours de toute recherche, même quand elle est confrontée aux situations les plus banales : jusqu'où faut-il chercher à établir des lois générales et des catégories abstraites, quitte à écraser les particularités individuelles ?
La fabrique de la Déclaration des droits des personnes handicapées de l’ONU (1975) : un succès diplomatique rapide en temps de guerre froide
Authors: Brégain Gildas
Published: September 2023

Cet article vise à expliciter la genèse de la Declaration of the Rights of Disabled Persons, adoptée par l’ONU en 1975, en pleine guerre froide. En analysant les interactions entre les acteurs qui participent à sa conception, nous montrons que la délégation belge à l’ONU fait preuve d’une grande habilité diplomatique pour faire adopter cette Déclaration en une seule session à l’Assemblée générale. Elle parvient à éviter l’obstruction potentielle des pays socialistes, et convainc les autres délégations de la légitimité d’une procédure exceptionnelle, qui a pour effet d’exclure les ONG du processus de discussion. Cette déclaration renforce la dynamique de normalisation et légitime une série de droits, notamment politiques, mais elle restreint et occulte d’autres droits (accessibilité, etc.). Cette recherche se fonde sur les archives diplomatiques belges et françaises, les documents officiels des Nations unies et les archives de l’Organisation internationale du travail.
Comment meurt un droit ? La Loi Elan et la fin de l’accessibilité du bâti
Authors: Baudot Pierre-Yves
Published: September 2023

L’adoption de l’article 64 de la Loi Elan, en 2018, signe la fin de la mise en œuvre du principe « d’accessibilité de tous à tout » établi par la loi du 11 février 2005. La suppression de ce droit dans les textes est surprenante, tant cette disposition n’était que peu mise en œuvre. Cet article cherche à comprendre comment meurt un droit. Le droit à l’accessibilité était une obligation à la fois morale et juridique tolérant de nombreuses dérogations. Sa suppression pouvait sembler inutile et coûteuse. L’analyse de l’adoption de la Loi Elan met en évidence les conditions auxquelles un droit peut disparaître. Loin de ne conduire qu’à une effectivité limitée, les dérogations et les simplifications successives ont eu un effet sur le droit écrit en forgeant de nouvelles catégories d’action publique. Nous montrons également que la disparition du droit à l’accessibilité est liée à sa mise en concurrence avec un autre droit, celui de droit d’usage.
Le prix de la maladie professionnelle. La construction des dimensions morales de l’indemnisation des maladies liées à l’amiante
Authors: Pillayre Héloïse
Published: September 2023

Le scandale de l’amiante a été à l’origine de deux innovations : le Fonds d’indemnisation des victimes de l’amiante (Fiva), plus favorable aux victimes que le système traditionnel d’indemnisation des maladies professionnelles, et les procès en « faute inexcusable de l’employeur », qui permettent la prise en charge de l’indemnisation par les employeurs jugés coupables. Le Fiva a été critiqué par certains sociologues qui y voient une poursuite de la monétarisation des risques professionnels sans dimension morale, ne reposant pas sur une sanction des employeurs coupables. L’article montre au contraire la diversité des attentes normatives construites autour de ces procédures diverses, et le rôle des « intermédiaires du droit » dans la stabilisation de ces attentes.