bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diagnosis of winter precipitation types using Spectral Bin Model (SBM): Comparison of five methods using ICE-POP 2018 field experiment data
Authors: Bang Wonbae , Carlin Jacob , Kim Kwonil , Ryzhkov Alexander , Liu Guosheng , Lee Gyuwon
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Winter precipitation types (WPTs) are controlled by many factors, including thermodynamic and microphysical processes. Therefore, realistically simulating interactions between precipitation particles and the atmosphere is important when diagnosing the WPT. In the present study, we analyze the performance of the one-dimensional spectral bin model (SBM) developed by Carlin and Ryzhkov (2019), which simulates the change in the physical characteristics of precipitation particles of various sizes as they fall from the cloud top to the ground and diagnoses surface WPT. We compare the performance of the SBM and four other diagnostic methods that use the following variables: 1) atmospheric thickness, 2) wet-bulb temperature, 3) temperature and relative humidity, and 4) wet-bulb temperature and low-level lapse rate. Three reference WPTs (snow [SN], rain [RA], and RASN) are obtained from particle size velocity (PARSIVEL) disdrometer data using a newly proposed decision algorithm. The results show that the SBM has the highest overall skill score for winter precipitation, especially at the mountain sites. In contrast, the skill score of the SBM is lower than the other methods for RA. These results indicate that the SBM simulations tend to underestimate melting compared to observations. We thus explore the effects of the SBM’s microphysics scheme on the extent of melting in cases of misdiagnosed RA. An optimized SBM that uses the climatological snow density‑diameter relationship for the Pyeongchang region produces an increased amount of melting and achieves an improved skill score compared to the original SBM, which uses climatological relationships for Colorado region.
Coupling the ParFlow Integrated Hydrology Model within the NASA Land Information System: A case study over the Upper Colorado River Basin
Authors: Abbaszadeh Peyman , Zaouna Maina Fadji , Yang Chen , Rosen Dan , Kumar Sujay , Rodell Matthew , Maxwell Reed
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Understanding, observing, and simulating Earth's water cycle is imperative for effective water resource management in the face of a changing climate. NASA's Land Information System (LIS)/Noah-MP and the ParFlow groundwater model are the two widely used modeling platforms that enable studying the Earth's land surface and subsurface hydrologic processes, respectively. The integration of ParFlow and LIS/Noah-MP models and harnessing their strengths can provide an opportunity to simulate surface terrestrial water processes and groundwater dynamics together while enhancing the accuracy and scalability of hydrological modeling. This study introduces ParFlow-LIS/Noah-MP (PF-LIS/Noah-MP), which is an integrated, physically based hydrologic modeling framework. PF-LIS/Noah-MP enables the user to simulate land surface processes in conjunction with subsurface hydrologic processes while considering the interactions between the two. In this study, we compared the results of the coupled PF-LIS/Noah-MP and standalone LIS/Noah-MP models with a suite of in-situ and satellite observations over the Upper Colorado River Basin (UCRB) in the United States. This analysis confirmed that integrating ParFlow with LIS/Noah-MP not only enhances the capability of LIS/Noah-MP in estimating land surface processes over regions with complex topography but also enables it to accurately simulate subsurface hydrologic processes.
The effect of wildfires on flood risk: a multi-hazard flood risk approach for the Ebro River basin, Spain
Authors: Sutanto Samuel Jonson , Janssen Matthijs , de Brito Mariana Madruga , del Pozo Garcia Maria
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Climate change increases the risk of wildfires and floods in the Mediterranean region. Yet, wildfire hazards are often overlooked in flood risk assessments and treated in isolation, despite their potential to amplify floods. Indeed, by altering the hydrological response of burnt areas, wildfires can lead to increased runoff and amplifying effects. This study aims to comprehensively assess flood risk using a multi-hazard approach, considering the effect of wildfires on flood risk, and integrating diverse socio-economic indicators with hydrological properties. More specifically, this study investigates current and future flood risks in the Ebro River basin in Spain for the year 2100 under the Shared Socioeconomic Pathway 1-2.6 (SSP1-2.6) and SSP5-8.5 scenarios, taking into account projected socio-economic conditions and the effect of wildfires. An analytical hierarchy process (AHP) approach is employed to assign weights to various indicators and components of flood risk based on insights gathered from interviews with seven experts specializing in natural hazards. Results show that the influence of wildfires on the baseline flood risk is not apparent. Under the SSP1-2.6 scenario, regions with high flood risk are expected to experience a slight risk reduction, regardless of the presence of wildfires, due to expected substantial development in adaptive capacity. The highest flood risk, almost double compared to the baseline, is projected to occur in the SSP5-8.5 scenario, especially when considering the effect of wildfires. Therefore, this study highlights the importance of adopting a multi-hazard risk management approach, as reliance solely on single-risk analyses may lead to underestimating the compound and cascading effects of multi-hazards.
Sintomas depressivos em pessoas idosas na pandemia da COVID-19: análise da prevalência e fatores associados.
Authors: Fratari Nathalia de Souza , Rocha Eduardo Amorim , Saidel Maria  Giovana Borges , Fusco Suzimar de Fátima Benato , Nunes Daniella Pires
Published: November 2024

Objetivo: identificar a prevalência e os fatores associados aos sintomas depressivos em pessoas idosas durante a pandemia da COVID-19. Método: estudo transversal e analítico realizado com 71 participantes (≥ 60 anos) do Programa UniversIDADE da UNICAMP, Campinas (SP). A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio de ligações telefônicas, entre os meses de novembro de 2020 a maio de 2021. Os sintomas depressivos foram avaliados por meio da Escala de Depressão Geriátrica. Para a análise de dados utilizou-se o Teste de Fisher e Regressão de Poisson. Resultados: a prevalência de sintomas depressivos entre as pessoas idosas foi de 14,08%. As maiores proporções de sintomas depressivos foram encontradas entre aqueles que apresentavam disfunção familiar e ansiedade. O fator associado aos sintomas depressivos foi a disfunção familiar (RP=3,77; IC95%: 1,08 – 12,89; p=0,037). Conclusão: sintomas depressivos associaram-se à disfunção familiar. Dessa forma, destaca-se a importância do diagnóstico precoce deste fator modificável, bem como a necessidade de estratégias que estimulem o cultivo saudável das relações familiares.
A pesquisa no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação (PPGE/UEPG) de 2010 a 2024: um panorama das produções sobre Educação Física Escolar e Formação de Professores
Authors: Christina de Oliveira Madrid Silvia
Published: November 2024

O objetivo principal deste artigo é apresentar um panorama das produções, teses e dissertações, sobre Educação Física Escolar e Formação de Professores desenvolvidas no âmbito do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação (PPGE), na Linha de Pesquisa de Ensino e Aprendizagem (LPEA), da Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa (UEPG), no período de 2010 a 2024. A partir de uma abordagem quanti-qualitativa, por meio de um estudo descritivo, são apresentadas as categorizações das temáticas das produções desenvolvidas: Educação Física Escolar (EFE), Formação do Professor de Educação Física (FPEF) e Educação Infantil (EI). Verifica-se que o espaço da pesquisa nos âmbitos da EFE, FPEF e EI, em 30 anos do PPGE/UEPG, na LPEA, foi ampliado significativamente a partir da instituição do Grupo de Estudos e Pesquisas em Educação Física Escolar e Formação de Professores (Gepefe).
Forecasting Foreign Exchange Rate with Machine Learning Techniques Chinese Yuan to US Dollar Using XGboost and LSTM Model
Authors: Ullah Usman , Huang Zhensheng , Rehman Dawood , Khan Sulaiman , Rashid Haroon , Ullah Imran
Published: November 2024

Predicting exchange rates is important because it affects all major markets and plays a big part in the economy. The goal of this study is to forecast future values of the Chinese Yuan (CNY) to US dollar exchange rate. One of the most crucial aspects of the economy is the rate of exchange of currencies. The currency exchange rate is required in commercial terms, such as profit and investment evaluation. The purpose of CNY rate prediction is to determine the future value of the Chinese Yuan (CNY) relative to the US dollar, which can be taken into account while making decisions and lower the chance of losing money. As a result, we require a technique that can assist in accurately assisting in business selections regarding when to execute the appropriate deals. For this research study three-year dataset is used from 25 April 2020 to 26 May 2023. For this research we used two different machine learning models and comparison between the LSTM and Xgboost models first one is Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and second is Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGboost). The empirical results showed that the LSTM model provided better results than XGboost. Therefore, this study suggest that the LSTM model will helpful for the government monetary policymaker, economists and other stakeholders to identify and forecast the future trend of the exchange rate and make their policies accordingly.
A Review on the Mathematical Modelling of the Grain Storage Ecosystemin Storage Structures and Bags
Authors: Olenloa Akhere , Ileleji Klein
Published: November 2024

The grain storage ecosystem comprises of biotic and abiotic factors that interact during grain storage, and their interaction affects the quality of the stored grains over time. The understanding and management of the complex interaction of the biotic and abiotic factors in the stored grain ecosystem is crucial to decision-making and in the development of management strategies for grain farmers and elevators. Mathematical modelling has emerged as an essential approach in tackling complex systems such as the stored grain ecosystem. This review explores the application of mathematical modelling in the grain storage ecosystem and synthesizes the existing literature, highlighting the various mathematical models and approaches to solving issues relating to the grain storage ecosystem. The review will be helpful to researchers and stored grain experts in the grain industry on the various mathematical modelling approaches and equations that can be employed to solve problems associated with grain storage in order to better manage the quality of stored grain.
Evaluation of Maize Seed Sieving Performance using Sieves with CassiniOval Shape Openings
Authors: Bredykhin Vadym , Shchur Taras , Tikunov Stanislav , Makarenko Oleksandr , Mezentsev Vladyslav , Kruszelnicka Weronika
Published: November 2024

The process of preliminary cleaning is a determining factor affecting the standard qualities of the seeds. The grain mass that undergoes primary processing contains significant amounts of impurities, the amount of which is strictly regulated by standards. Sieves with rectangular and round openings are the most widely used for separating maize seeds. In this study, the feasibility and efficiency of using sieves with openings in the Cassini oval shape were proposed and substantiated. Three factors subject to variation during the experiments were selected, each having a crucial influence on the process parameters: rotational speed (n, rpm), specific material feed (Q, kg), and angle of sieve inclination (α, deg.). A regression equation was developed, and the response surfaces of the dependencies of defining characteristics of the process of separation of maize seeds on sieves with openings in the Cassini oval shape were compiled and analyzed. The study showed that the rotational speed has a less significant influence on the mass of the undersize of sieved maize than the inclination angle and feeding rate. A maximum grain passage (2.9 kg) into the openings in the Cassini oval shape is obtained at a rotational speed of 290.35 min-1 and a grain feed rate of 3.06 kg min-1.
Microwave-Assisted Enzymatic Green Solvent Technology for the Extraction and Characterization of Sesame Seed Oil
Authors: DHARMENDER  , Indra Mani  , Sangeeta Chopra  , Roaf Ahmad Parray  , Arun Kumar T.V  , Silpa Mandal  , Abhinav Dubey  , Subrata Mandal  , Nrusingh Charan Pardhan
Published: November 2024

Traditional methods of extracting oil with organic solvents raise issues related to health, safety, and the environment. Microwave-assisted enzymatic green solvent extraction (MAEGSE) technology is environment friendly because it involves less hazardous chemical synthesis, utilizes renewable feedstock, and decreases the chemical load and emissions produced by organic solvents. The solvents methanol, ethanol, and various cell wall degrading enzymes such as hemicellulose, viscozyme L, pectinase, xylanase, and cellulase were used in this study. The MAEGSE process of sesame oil was conducted, and the results indicated that, unlike the controlled group, no enzymes were used during the process. Among all the combinations a higher oil extraction efficiency was obtained with combination of pectinase and ethanol (37.27%) followed by the xylanase with ethanol (36.75%) from sesame seed without compromising the quality of oil. Among the enzymes tested, pectinase resulted in the highest oil extraction efficiency, followed by xylanase. Use of pectinase improved the oil extraction efficiency in both ethanol and methanol mediums. The outcomes suggested that the application of pectinase enzymes plays a significant role in increasing the oil yield in comparison with the control without compromising quality of oil. Oil extracted without the use of enzyme (control) had a lower free fatty acid (FFA) concentration than the oils extracted with MAEGSE. Even though the specific gravity (SG) and refractive index (RI) of extracted oils were not significantly different in the solvents, the saponification value (SV), peroxide value (PV), iodine value (IV), and free fatty acid (FFA) were found to have minor differences among the extraction techniques.
INFLUENCE OF A SINGLE FREQUENCY VIBRATION ON THE UNDULATION PROFILE OF TURNED PARTS
Authors: Gil Inchaurza Mónica , BEUDAERT XAVIER , MUÑOA GOROSTIDI JOKIN , BARRENETXEA AZPEITIA DAVID , SANCHEZ GALINDEZ JOSE ANTONIO
Published: November 2024

The generation of the surface topography in machining is a complex process whereby the dynamics of the machine-tool and the kinematics of the cutting process are combined. The purpose of developing a surface topography simulation model in turning is to predict the combined effect of the tool geometry, process parameters, and relative tool-workpiece vibration. The simulations demonstrate that a single vibration frequency can generate multiple wavelengths on the workpiece profile. The correlation between machine-tool vibrations and surface topography is applied to accurately diagnose the machine defect that results in poor surface quality in a cylindrical turning process.

Key words: surface topography, tool-workpiece vibration, waviness profile
RETHINKING MINING PROJECTS PLANNING: USING NASA-TLX TO MEASURE A NOVEL INTEGRATION BETWEEN OTSM-TRIZ AND DSM
Authors: NIKULIN CHRISTOPHER , ARRIETA CRISTOBAL , VALDES CRISTIAN , MADARIAGA LEONARDO
Published: November 2024

This research introduces an integrated methodology combining OTSM-TRIZ and the Design Structure Matrix (DSM) to enhance project planning and risk management in mining projects. OTSM-TRIZ, through a Network of Problems (NoP), systematically addresses complex challenges, while DSM analyzes task dependencies, optimizing resource allocation and sequencing. Applied in a real-world Chilean mining company with over 120 workers, the methodology improved outcomes by reducing trial-and-error iterations and boosting efficiency. Workers gained valuable insights into managing project complexity. NASA-TLX was used to explore usefulness authors’ proposal.

Keywords: Mining Projects, OTSM-TRIZ, DSM, NASA-TLX
Enhancing the quality of wholemeal bread with chia, sesame, and rosehip: mathematical modelling and organoleptic analysis
Authors: Alashbayeva Liliya , Kenzhekhojayev Makhamedkali , Borankulova Assel , Muldabekova Bayan , Yakiyayeva Madina , Tursunbayeva Sholpan , Dyusembaeva Zhanerke
Published: November 2024

In this paper, the research was conducted using mathematical modelling methods to improve the quality of the product. This study aimed to determine the optimum composite mixture for producing whole wheat flour by adding sesame seeds, chia seeds, and crushed rosehip. Following the mathematical matrix, 20 different samples have been baked. The basic criteria were porosity and specific volume. The results were entered into Exel to draw up a graph. According to the graphic analysis, the most optimal mixture in terms of the dry matter mass in the dough was as follows in %: rosehip - 1.1%, chia seeds - 1.5%, and sesame - 2.2%. The organoleptic and physicochemical properties of the resulting samples were later analysed according to the recipes based on the selected composition of seeds. By swelling the protein shells of chia and sesame in a humid environment, amino acids in the flour combine into a chain to form a skeleton. At the same time, the ascorbic acid in the rosehip binds with the carbon atoms in the chain, strengthening the framework. As a result, large amounts of gases formed in whole grain flours are trapped in these frames, increasing the porosity of bread by 21.8%, increasing the volume of production by 29.5%, absorbing proteolytic enzymes under the influence of globulins in chia grain, slowing down amino acid degradation, reducing moisture content by 3%.
РАЗРАБОТКА МЕТОДИКИ ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЯ ОПТИМАЛЬНЫХ ПАРАМЕТРОВ ГИБКИХ АВТОМАТИЗИРОВАННЫХ УЧАСТКОВ МЕХАНОСБОРОЧНОГО ПРОИЗВОДСТВА
Authors: А.С. Краско , М.А. Филин , И.И. Базаров
Published: November 2024

В настоящей статье рассматриваются вопросы обеспечения высоких технико-экономических показателей гибких автоматизированных участков механосборочного производства посредством разработки методики определения оптимальных параметров автоматизированной транспортно-складской системы. Приводится имитационное моделирование функционирования гибкого автоматизированного участка с целью проверки адекватности разработанной методики. В результате исследования разработан алгоритм методики обеспечения оптимальных параметров автоматизированной транспортно-складской системы, использование которого позволяет повысить точность и снизить трудоемкость выработки проектно-технологических решений на начальном этапе проектирования автоматизированных производственных участков механосборочных производств.

Article discusses the issues of ensuring high technical and economic performance of flexible automated sections of mechanical assembly production by developing a methodology for operating and dividing optimal parameters of an automated transport and storage system. Simulation modeling of flexible automated section functionality is provided in order to check the accuracy of the developed procedure. As a result of the study, an algorithm was developed for ensuring optimal parameters of the automated bath of the transport and warehouse system, the use of which will increase the accuracy and reduce the complexity of developing design and technological solutions at the initial stage of designing automatic production areas of mechanical assembly plants.
ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНАЯ ОТЛАДКА ПРОГРАММНОГО КОДА АЛГОРИТМА РЕГИСТРАТОРА НЕИСПРАВНОСТИ ТРАНСМИССИИ
Authors: Е.П. Тимашов , А.Г. Пастухов , О.В. Бармина
Published: November 2024

Обобщена теоретическая и экспериментальная информация по установлению диагностических критериев для автоматической цифровой термодиагностики узлов механических трансмиссий транспортных и технологических машин. По результатам лабораторных испытаний диагностического прибора установлена оптимальная величина временного интервала измерения температур диагностируемого узла по критерию ошибок второго рода – ложному срабатыванию.

Theoretical and experimental information on establishing diagnostic criteria for automatic digital thermal diagnostics of mechanical transmission units of transport and technological machines is summarized. According to the results of laboratory tests of the diagnostic device, the optimal value of the time interval for measuring the temperatures of the diagnosed node was established by the criterion of errors of the second kind - false actuation.
ПОВЫШЕНИЕ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ ПЕРСОНАЛИЗИРОВАННЫХ РЕКОМЕНДАТЕЛЬНЫХ СИСТЕМ НА ОСНОВЕ ИНТЕГРИРОВАННОЙ МОДЕЛИ GNN-RL
Authors: А.Н. Шарифбаев , Х.Н. Зайнидинов , И.В. Ковалев , И.Н. Кравченко , Ю.А. Кузнецов
Published: November 2024

Представлен современный подход к системам персонализированных рекомендаций, сочетающий в себе графовые нейронные сети GNN с методами обучения с подкреплением RL. GNN-модель оптимизирована для рекомендательных систем и обучается на основе векторных представлений пользователей и продуктов, которые используются для генерации первоначального списка рекомендаций, передающихся в RL-модель. Особое внимание уделено архитектуре и функционированию интегрированной модели GNN-RL. Приведены результаты экспериментальных исследований, демонстрирующие эффективность предложенного подхода.

A modern approach to personalized recommendation systems is presented, combining graph neural networks (GNNs) with reinforcement learning (RL) techniques. The GNN model is optimized for recommender systems and is trained on vector representations of users and products, which are used to generate an initial list of recommendations that are fed to the RL model. Particular attention is paid to the architecture and operation of the integrated GNN-RL model. The results of experimental studies demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed approach are presented.
СХЕМЫ БАЗИРОВАНИЯ И ЗАКРЕПЛЕНИЯ ПРЕДМЕТА В САМОЦЕНТРИРУЮЩИХ МЕХАНИЗМАХ КОМПЛЕКТОМ СКРЫТЫХ БАЗ
Authors: Б.М. Базров , М.Н. Ерофеев , М.Л. Хейфец , В.Л. Гуревич
Published: November 2024

Приведены актуализированные положения теории базирования и обновленный состав баз: установочная, направляющая, опорная, двойная направляющая, двойная опорная и тройная опорная. Комбинации баз образуют пять комплектов, каждый из которых можно реализовать с помощью явных или скрытых баз или их совмещений. Показано, что наибольшие трудности вызывает базирование предмета комплектами скрытых баз, а особенностью базирования предмета скрытыми базами является определение положения опорных точек с помощью точек контакта предмета, реализуемых установочными элементами. При базировании предмета скрытой базой положение опорной точки определяется самоцентрирующим механизмом с помощью точек контакта с предметом базирования. Рассмотрены всевозможные схемы конструктивных решений базирования и закрепления предметов комплектами из скрытых баз в самоцентрирующихся механизмах.

The updated provisions of the basing theory and the updated composition of the bases are given: installation, guide, support, double guide, double support and triple support. Base combinations form five sets, each of which can be implemented using explicit or hidden bases or their combinations. It is shown that basing an object with sets of hidden bases causes the greatest difficulties, and a feature of basing an object with hidden bases is determining the position of reference points using the contact points of the object, implemented by the installation elements. When basing an object with a hidden base, the position of the reference point is determined by a self-centering mechanism using points of contact with the basing object. Various schemes of constructive solutions for basing and fixing objects in sets of hidden bases in self-centering mechanisms are considered.
АНАЛИЗ МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЯ ОРГАНИЗАЦИОННО-ТЕХНИЧЕСКИХ ФАКТОРОВ ЭКСПЛУАТАЦИИ В НЕЧЕТКОЙ ПОСТАНОВКЕ
Authors: А.В. Смирнов , А.Е. Бром , И.Д. Сидельников
Published: November 2024

В статье систематизированы факторы, влияющие на надежность, выделена для исследования интенсивность отказов на этапе эксплуатации и предложена нечеткую модель коррекции интенсивности отказов с учетом влияния реальных факторов при эксплуатации. Результаты апробированы на газовой турбине Siemens-SGT-800.

The article systematizes the factors affecting reliability, singles out the failure rate during the operation stage for study, and proposes a fuzzy model for correcting the failure rate by considering the impact of actual operational factors. The results are tested on a Siemens-SGT-800 gas turbine.
К ИССЛЕДОВАНИЮ НЕОДНОРОДНЫХ ПОЛЕЙ ОСТАТОЧНЫХ НАПРЯЖЕНИЙ СПОСОБОМ СВЕРЛЕНИЯ «БОЛЬШОГО ОТВЕРСТИЯ» В СОЧЕТАНИИ С МЕТОДОМ КОРРЕЛЯЦИИ ЦИФРОВЫХ ИЗОБРАЖЕНИЙ
Authors: С.М. Усов , И.А. Разумовский
Published: November 2024

Рассмотрены вопросы практического применения метода корреляции цифровых изображений для экспериментального исследования существенно неоднородных полей остаточных напряжений методом сверления «большого» отверстия. Для исследования используются специально разработанные образцы из полимерного материала, в которых на основе предложенного авторами подхода создано высокоградиентное поле остаточных напряжений. На основе анализа результатов численного моделирования серии типовых задач разработаны рекомендации по выбору оптимальных соотношений между диаметром отверстия-индикатора остаточных напряжений и геометрическими параметрами образца. Результаты исследования демонстрируют эффективность применения метода корреляции цифровых изображений и авторской программы для математической обработки полей тангенциальных перемещений для определения существенно неоднородных полей остаточных напряжений на основе методом сверления «большого» отверстия. Относительное максимальное отклонение остаточных напряжений в характерных точках контура отверстия от их исходных величин не превышает 4 %, а общее среднеквадратическое отклонение < 7 %.

This paper presents practical application of digital image correlation (DIC) method for experimental investigation of significantly nonhomogeneous residual stress (RS) fields via "large" hole drilling method. Specifically designed polymer material specimens, incorporating the authors' proposed technique, are employed to create a discontinuous piecewise-linear RS field. Recommendations regarding the optimal relationships between the indicator hole diameter and the geometric parameters of the specimen are developed based on an analysis of numerical simulation results of a series of typical tasks. Special considerations and practical recommendations, including volume, size of the localization zone of the initial experimental data, and the optimal number of series members used for the analytical representation of the sought RS distribution, are discussed to ensure sufficiently high result accuracy.
Свойства медных композиционных гальванических покрытий, содержащих наноструктуры
Authors: Зноско Казимир Францевич , Тарковский Викентий Викентьевич , Зеленко Анастасия Вячеславовна , Нуретдинов Сергей Александрович
Published: November 2024

Объектом исследования являются композиционные гальванические покрытия на основе меди, содержащие наноструктуры. Актуальность исследования обусловлена необходимостью разработки методов, повышающих эксплуатационные характеристики гальванических покрытий. Целью настоящей работы является исследование свойств медных композиционных гальванических покрытий, полученных из электролитов, модифицированных наночастицами меди, синтезированными в плазме электровзрывного разряда. Во введении представлен краткий обзор литературы, посвященный гальваническим покрытиям
и их модификации наноструктурами. В основной части работы описаны экспериментальная установка и методика проведения исследований, представлены полученные результаты. Реализован процесс электроосаждения меди из электролитов, модифицированных наночастицами, полученными в плазме
электровзрывного разряда в дистиллированной воде. Получены медные гальванические покрытия, содержащие наночастицы. Исследовано влияние наличия наночастиц различной концентрации на формирование и структуру поверхности покрытия. Показано, что наночастицы служат центрами кристаллизации для атомов меди на поверхности подложки. При совместном электроосаждении с атомами меди наночастицы формируют плотно упакованную мелкокристаллическую сферообразную структуру образованного композиционного покрытия. Исследованы трибологические характеристики полученных покрытий. Показано, что присутствие наночастиц в покрытиях приводит к некоторому росту коэффициента трения. Это связано с увеличением шероховатости полученного покрытия, обусловленного мелкокристаллической структурой поверхности. Исследования износостойкости полученных
композиционных гальванических покрытий показывают ее повышение с ростом концентрации наночастиц в электролите и ростом времени осаждения. Характер и последствия разрушений полученных покрытий в результате трибологических испытаний показывают рост адгезионной стойкости композиционных покрытий по сравнению с типовыми. В заключении сформулированы выводы о проделанной работе.
Vulnerabilidades a las que estuvo expuesto el puerto de Acapulco, Guerrero, antes, durante y después del impacto del fenómeno hidrometeorológico huracán Otis
Authors: Gervacio Jiménez Herlinda , Castillo Elías Benjamín , Villerías Salinas Salvador
Published: November 2024

La sociedad en general enfrenta distintas vulnerabilidades que pueden provocar daños en caso de que un fenómeno desestabilizador de origen natural o antrópico se manifieste. Esta investigación tiene por objetivo explorar las distintas vulnerabilidades a las que quedó expuesto el municipio de Acapulco ante el paso del fenómeno hidrometeorológico del huracán Otis. La metodología fue un enfoque cualitativo exploratorio, a partir de la clasificación de la vulnerabilidad global propuesta por Wilches-Chaux, con técnicas de análisis de datos; los indicadores de vulnerabilidad fueron analizados con el software QGIS. Los resultados mostraron que, en general, la vulnerabilidad se encuentra en todos los sectores que integran la comunidad acapulqueña. El huracán Otis provocó considerables daños estructurales, afectando hoteles, viviendas, hospitales e infraestructura urbana en general. Las afectaciones en el sector hotelero habrían alcanzado hasta el 80% de este sector, con un promedio de 17 000 habitaciones dañadas. Según datos de UNICEF, aproximadamente 273 844 hogares fueron perjudicados en zonas rurales y urbanas y se estima que 2 487.3 hectáreas de construcción sufrieron daños. Además, Otis provocó inundaciones y deslaves, dañó la flora y fauna local, afectando aproximadamente 4 685.2 hectáreas de áreas costeras. De esta forma el huracán Otis ha frenado las actividades productivas y, por ende, la recuperación económica del municipio, vulnerando a los sectores que venían impulsando la economía del estado; principalmente el turismo (3.1% del PIB de Guerrero) y las actividades vinculadas como el comercio minorista (16.7%), el transporte (7.5%) y los servicios inmobiliarios (13.9%). Se identificó que los daños son profundos y que hay una grave crisis económica, social y ambiental debido al impacto del huracán. El pronóstico no es alentador, pues se vislumbra una recuperación lenta y lejana. Los retos son muchos, ya que se necesitan más que buenos deseos y voluntades para reactivar a Acapulco; solo el trabajo arduo y comprometido de todos los sectores de la sociedad, el trabajo del sector gubernamental, del sector empresarial y de la iniciativa de cada uno de los miembros de la sociedad, sumará para que Acapulco vuelva a ser un destino turístico con las comodidades y la belleza que lo caracterizan; mientras tanto, la población continúa tratando de recuperar su vida con esperanza y fortaleza, deseando que lo que sucedió con el huracán Otis sea un recordatorio de lo vulnerable que es el ser humano ante los impactos de esta naturaleza.
Pengaruh Nilai Penerbitan Obligasi Syariah (Sukuk) dan Rating Penerbitan Obligasi Syariah (Sukuk) Perusahaan terhadap Return Saham pada BEI Tahun 2015-2018
Authors: Annisa Firda , Suhatman Zaldy
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan: 1) Untuk mengetahui pengaruh nilai penerbitan obligasi syariah (sukuk) terhadap return saham pada BEI periode tahun 2015-2018. 2) Untuk mengetahui pengaruh rating penerbitan obligasi syariah (sukuk) perusahaan terhadap return saham pada BEI periode tahun 2015-2018. 3) Untuk mengetahui pengaruh nilai penerbitan obligasi syariah (sukuk) dan rating penerbitan obligasi syariah (sukuk) perusahaan terhadap return saham pada BEI periode tahun 2015-2018. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskripsi kuantitatifdengan menggunakan jenis penelitian deskriptif dan asosiatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 30 perusahaan yang menerbitan obligasi syariah (sukuk). pengambilan sampel dapat menggunakan purposive sampling, maka diperoleh 10 perusahaan sebagai sampel dengan total 40 penerbitan obligasi syariah (sukuk) yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2015-2018. Dengan teknik analisa data menggunakan Analisis Regresi Linear Sederhana, Analisis Regresi Linear Berganda, Uji Koefisien Korelasi, Uji Koefiensi Determinasi, Uji tdan Uji F dengan perhitungan menggunakan SPSS 24 for windows. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: 1) Terdapat pengaruh Nilai Penerbitan Obligasi mempunyai pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap variabel Return Saham. 2) Terdapat pengaruh Rating Penerbitan Obligasi mempunyai pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap variabel Return Saham. 3) Terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara Nilai Penerbitan Obligasi dan Rating Penerbitan Obligasi terhadap Return Saham.
Copyrights vs. Artificial Intelligence. Is there any chance to protect them effectively?
Authors: Markowski Jacek
Published: November 2024

We have all been affected by the euphoria connected with AI, and we have all followed the on-going discussion about our future, supported by thinking machines, which can replace us in many activities, and maybe professions as well. We can observe the media race to the news feeds about the use of generative AI. What is often left aside, however, is the inconvenient topic of legal consequences of such modifications to human work that is used to train AI, and there are many. This article addresses the issue of the clash of copyright with AI. It discusses the matters of using someone’s creative work to design AI systems, as well as the consequences of a designer’s work with AI, especially on commercial projects, including the notion of copyrights to the content generated by means of such tools, and attempts to determine when there is a chance to grant their protection. These considerations are complemented with examples of legal actions taken against suppliers of AI systems. Part of the text has been dedicated to discussing the pending regulations, especially the Act on AI. Keywords: copyright, artificial intelligence (AI), fair use
Between Blocs And Blockades: Qatar’s Diplomatic Dilemma And Strategic Maneuvers
Authors: Sargsyan Knarik
Published: November 2024

The article aims to analyze the dynamics of the 2017 Qatar diplomatic crisis in
the context of the transforming geopolitics of the Gulf. The goal of the article is to
examine the political causes of the crisis, which are directly related to regional
competition and the change of power balance in the Gulf region, and to reveal why
Qatar's diplomatic crisis was resolved years later without any concessions from Qatar.
The article focuses on Qatar's foreign policy ambitions, Saudi Arabia's harsh opposition
against it, and Doha's further expansion, which ultimately led to Qatar's five-year
blockade. The study also examines the resolution of the crisis and the normalization of the
relations between Saudi Arabia and its allies with Qatar, which was conditioned by the
imperative to stabilize the security environment in the region. Saudi Arabia wanted to
demonstrate that Riyad will continue to be the most influential player in the Gulf region.
Qatar did not make tangible concessions but accepted the rules of the game.
The Public Service Digitalization in the Philippines Towards a National Program to Capacitate Digital Frontliners
Authors: Villaseñor Reyner Aaron M.
Published: November 2024

The rapid advancement of technology has driven a global transformation in public service delivery. In the Philippines, efforts to digitalize public services are crucial for inclusive development and efficient governance. This study, titled "The Public Service Digitalization in the Philippines Towards a National Program to Capacitate Digital Frontliners," examines this transformation through the experiences of government employees, known as digital frontliners. These individuals are key to implementing and managing digital technologies across public sectors.Using a mixed-method research design, the study integrates descriptive, correlative-comparative, and phenomenological approaches to gather quantitative and qualitative data. A total of 400 digital frontliners participated in a survey, while 10 key informants were interviewed. This approach provides a comprehensive analysis of the digitalization process, focusing on demographic profiles, challenges, job satisfaction, and service effectiveness.The theoretical framework includes the Theory of Digital Government Transformation, the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT), and Capacity Building and Development Theory. These frameworks help understand the dynamics of public service digitalization, technology acceptance, and the importance of capacity building.Key findings reveal a diverse workforce among digital frontliners, significant challenges such as infrastructure limitations and digital literacy disparities, and varying levels of job satisfaction. The research underscores the need for robust digital infrastructure, tailored training programs, and streamlined administrative processes. It also highlights the importance of public-private collaboration.The study proposes a national program to enhance the capabilities of digital frontliners through continuous professional development and innovation support. This program aims to improve digital public services, making them more efficient, transparent, and accessible. The findings provide a foundation for evidence-based policymaking and strategic planning, contributing to the Philippines' digital transformation and inclusive growth.
Incremental and Radical Innovations that Contribute to the Survival of Small Businesses in Environments of Crisis
Authors: Oliveira Macedo Marcos Roberto Gois de , Montreuil Carmona Charles Ulises De , Marques Denilson Bezerra
Published: November 2024

This paper examines the influence of incremental and radical innovations on the survival capacity of micro and small companies (MSE) in contexts of economic crisis.State of the art on innovation points to a lack of a specific methodology to segregate incremental and radical innovation in MSEs. Identifying such a method allows for action to promote innovation in such more assertive companies, contributing to the survival of companies in the most adverse moments, such as crises.In this sense, a methodology was developed to identify the type and degree of innovation based on the level of innovation in the sector of activity and was applied to a sample of 60 companies in the textile retail sector. The dependent variable was business survival, measured by the continuity or cessation of activity in 2020. The estimate of the probability of survival was carried out using a binary logistic regression model.The dimensions of incremental innovation, which are the most common in the business environment, did not significantly affect survival. The dimensions of radical innovation, which imply deeper and more disruptive changes in the business model, had a positive impact. significant impact on survival in all cases. The most complex actions in the Solutions dimension increased the chances of survival by 42%; improving Processes by 39%; and innovation in the Square by 38%. These findings suggest that small businesses that adopt radical innovations have greater adaptability and resilience to adverse situations.
Internet marketing: the realities of the digital environment and the main tools of promotion
Authors:   Lipetsk State Technical University, Shamrina I.V. , Krushinskaya S.Yu. ,   Lipetsk State Technical University
Published: November 2024

Subject. The article examines the technological essence of Internet marketing as a modern tool for business development, identifies current Internet marketing tools, analyzes their advantages and disadvantages in the context of digital transformation. Modern business is increasingly focused on a digital audience that actively uses the Internet and gadgets. For effective promotion of companies, it is especially important to use Internet technologies, since they allow you to reach a wide audience, analyze the results and create convenient interactions with customers. Goal. The main purpose of the research in this work is a comprehensive study of the digital environment, technologies and key tools of Internet marketing in the context of the information flow of Internet marketing in the context of digitalization. Method or methodology. The study is based on a general scientific methodology, which provides for the use of a systematic approach and general scientific methods of cognition. The results of the work. The role and technological essence of Internet marketing in the context of the information flow of Internet marketing, based on the concept of incoming marketing, as well as features, positive aspects and the main tools of Internet marketing that contribute to the effective promotion of goods and services, are considered; attracting the attention of a large target audience in a short time; Generating demand for a new service or product on the market increasing brand awareness; increase in sales during periods of point or seasonal shares; creating a decent image in the field of e-commerce. Conclusions. It has been established that in the context of global informatization of society, increasing competition, the success of any enterprise largely depends on well-chosen methods and tools for promoting products and methods of attracting buyers. Given the global possibilities of the Internet environment, the breadth of audience coverage, minimizing the volume of material investments, it is Internet marketing that has become one of the promising.
Tariff regulation in the electric power industry: domestic and foreign experience
Authors:   Lipetsk State Technical University, Titova O.V. , Burashnikov D.V. ,   Lipetsk State Technical University
Published: November 2024

Subject. Tariff regulation in the field of electric power industry in the Russian Federation and in other states. Goal. To identify similarities and differences in domestic and foreign methods of tariff regulation in the electric power industry. Method or methodology. In the process of achieving the goal, methods of analysis and synthesis, a graphical method of presenting data were used. Results of the work. The analysis carried out made it possible to compare the features of tariff regulation in the electric power industry in domestic and foreign grid organizations. Conclusions. As a result of the study, similarities and differences in approaches to tariff regulation in the electric power industry were identified. In domestic and foreign countries, the activities of energy sales companies are classified as subjects of natural monopoly. In this regard, there is a need for government intervention in the pricing process. To do this, each country has state bodies that carry out tariff regulation in the electric power industry. In Russia, such an organization is the Electricity Regulation Department of the Federal Antimonopoly Service of Russia, in the UK it is the Gas and Electricity Market Regulation Service, in Brazil it is the National Electricity Regulatory Agency. Each country uses its own approaches and methods of tariff regulation. In Russia, uniform tariffs and sales surcharges for electricity and capacity are established, in Germany and Brazil, tariff regulation is carried out by limiting the maximum revenue of grid organizations, and in the UK by setting standard indicators that grid organizations must achieve.
國小師資生國語發音錯誤之調查與分析
Authors: 張金蘭 張金蘭
Published: November 2024

教學中，教師的口齒清晰、表達流暢是相當重要的。臺灣的國小師培課程當中與國語發音最有關的應是「國音及說話」這一門課，此課程也是國語文教材法的先修課程，其重要性不言而喻。研究者連續多年在本校師培中心開設此課程，在教學過程中發現以下問題，首先是國小師資生國語發音與標準尚有段距離，其次是觀察到教材中的發音重點與師資生的發音錯誤或有出入，且難以具體評量國小師資生國語發音現況。為解決以上問題，本研究目的為調查國小師資生國語發音偏誤類型與比例，以此為基礎，提出「國音及說話」課程在國語發音上的教學建議。研究對象為本校修習「國音及說話」課程的國小師資生，語音資料齊全者共計186位。研究工具為教育部對外華語教學能力認證考試「華語口語與表達」試題，以及「國語發音分類與標記表」，邀請資深評分委員共同參與，與研究者共計兩位評分委員。研究方法為調查研究法，步驟包括錄音、轉寫、分析。研究結果發現國小師資生國語發音錯誤率由高而低分別為音變（16.57 %）、聲調（13.01 %）、韻母（9.19 %）與聲母（3.13 %），發音問題大多因為師資生對於聲母的發音部位與發音方法、韻母的完整結構、聲調的音高，以及音變規則認識不足且未能具體落實所導致，故建議在教學時不僅是教授國音理論，更需包括說話實務演練，提供師資生足夠時間練習發音。本研究透過全面且系統地探討師資生國語發音相關問題，並以此為基礎，為國民小學師資培育之國語發音教學提出具體建議，期望能突破前人研究之侷限，給國民小學師資培育帶來更具體的貢獻。

 

Effective oral expression is essential in the teaching profession. The “Chinese Phonology and Speech” course in Taiwan is pivotal in the elementary school teacher training curriculum, focusing on Mandarin pronunciation. However, challenges arise as elementary pre-service teachers often exhibit deviations from standard Mandarin pronunciation. There are also discrepancies between the pronunciation emphasis in the teaching materials and errors made by elementary pre-service teachers. This study examined the types and proportions of Mandarin pronunciation errors among 186 elementary pre-service teachers who took the “Chinese Phonology and Speech” course. We adopted a survey research approach using the “Mandarin Oral and Expressive Ability Test” and the “Mandarin Pronunciation Classification and Marking Table,” involving recording, transcription, and analysis. Results indicate that the highest rates of pronunciation errors occurred in phonological changes (16.57 %), tone (13.01 %), vowels (9.19 %), and initial consonants (3.13 %). Common issues included a lack of understanding regarding articulation positions and methods of initial consonants, vowel structures, tonal pitch, and phonological change rules. To address these challenges, we recommend integrating practical speaking exercises alongside the theory of national pronunciation to provide sufficient practice for elementary pre-service teachers. This research provides valuable insights into Mandarin pronunciation issues faced by elementary pre-service teachers. We provide recommendations for enhancing Mandarin pronunciation teaching in the elementary school teacher training curriculum while contributing to the education of future elementary school teachers.

 