bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
РОЗВИТОК ГУМАНІТАРНОЇ СФЕРИ В УКРАЇНИ: ПРОБЛЕМИ І ТЕНДЕНЦІЇ РОЗВИТКУ
Authors: Васюк А.Г.
Published: January 2025

У статті проаналізовано питання розвитку гуманітарної сфери держави і елементів, що становлять її ядро (наука, освіта, культура та ін.) в умовах громадянського суспільства, яке формується. Визначені підходи до формування стратегічної мети і завдань цієї сфери, напрями впливу соціально-економічної ситуації, що міняється, на розвиток уявлень про неї і її практики. Розглянута взаємозалежність гуманітарної сфери і соціально-культурних процесів, в якій вона виступає сферою громадського відтворення, перетворюючою силою, сферою формування «людського капіталу». Вказані тенденції, якими визначаються перспективи розвитку цієї сфери в нових умовах, в яких вона визначається як гарант соціальної згуртованості, дієвий чинник національного єднання і соціального партнерства, чинник відродження духовності і етнічної самосвідомості з одночасним усвідомленням світової ідентичності і високих цивільних якостей підростаючого покоління, що є найважливішою умовою позитивного руху вперед громадського процесу, нескороминущою цінністю будь-якого суспільства і цивілізації.
Working from home during COVID-19: flash in the pan or wave of the future?
Authors: Younes Hannah , Noland Robert B. , Iacobucci Evan , Zhang Wenwen
Published: January 2025

We examine who can work from home during the pandemic and whether this behavior will persist post-pandemic by conducting two representative online surveys in New Jersey. Results suggest those with higher educational attainment, higher incomes, and prior experience working at home are likelier to do so in the future. Pandemic skeptics were less likely to increase working from home during the pandemic or to desire doing so in the future. Nearly half of respondents indicate a desire to work more at home post-pandemic. Implications for transportation systems and economic activity will be of concern to policy makers and planners.
Understanding Metabolic Syndrome Through the Lens of Traditional Indian Medicine
Authors: Mishra Shubhangi , Rajan Sujata
Published: January 2025

Each year, non-communicable diseases (NCDs) claim the lives of almost 40 million people, which accounts for around 70% of all fatalities worldwide. Since, major cause for these ailments are poor life style choices, these conditions are sometimes referred to as lifestyle disorders. One of such major life style disorder is Metabolic Syndrome, as we see the conception of syndrome, similar idea of cluster of diseases is mentioned as vyadhisankar by acharya Charak. Vyadhisankara (co-morbidity)” is the term used for the co-existence phenomenon of diseases in an individual and in Metabolic Syndrome this co-existence is seen between central obesity, high plasma glucose levels, increased blood pressure and increased low density lipoproteins (LDL) and low HDL. Furthermore, for comprehending the underlying pathophysiology, the notion of Shatkriya kala has been taught by Acharya Sushruta.
A better diagnostic strategy for metabolic syndrome can thus be devised using these ayurvedic Principles. This will provide opportunities for this disorder's conventional course of treatment and a way to prevent its spread by adhering to the ayurvedic lifestyle recommendations.

Key words: Metabolic Syndrome, Vyadhisankar, Nidanarthak Roga, Cardiovascular Disorders, Ayurvedic Diagnostic approach
The Effect of Obesity on Salivary Composition and Dental Health in Children
Authors: Aljaffar Eman Ali , Alnasser Shoruq Ali , Alshahri Sarah Abdullah , Kholedi Yara Ahmed , Altuwalah Saad Mohammed , Alsadah Nidaa Hisham
Published: January 2025

Childhood obesity is a growing public health concern with implications that extend beyond systemic health, significantly affecting oral health. This connection is mediated by changes in salivary composition, which disrupt the oral environment and contribute to conditions such as dental caries and periodontal diseases. Obesity-related metabolic and inflammatory alterations manifest in the saliva, reducing its flow and buffering capacity, which are critical for maintaining oral homeostasis. The acidic environment created by lower salivary pH, coupled with reduced antimicrobial proteins, fosters the proliferation of acidogenic and pathogenic bacteria, increasing the risk of enamel demineralization and biofilm formation. Elevated levels of salivary glucose and inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha, further exacerbate the risk by promoting bacterial colonization and gingival inflammation. Additionally, oxidative stress markers, including reactive oxygen species, are elevated in the saliva of obese children, contributing to tissue damage and impairing repair mechanisms in periodontal tissues. Hormonal dysregulation, such as elevated salivary leptin levels, also plays a role in exacerbating periodontal inflammation and destruction. Dietary patterns commonly associated with obesity, such as high sugar intake, further compound these effects, creating a cyclical relationship between systemic metabolic health and oral health. Understanding the interplay between obesity, salivary composition, and oral diseases highlights the need for multidisciplinary prevention and intervention strategies, including promoting healthy diets, improving oral hygiene, and addressing systemic inflammation. These insights are critical for mitigating the long-term oral and systemic health consequences of obesity in children.
An Overview of Oral Candidiasis in Immunocompromised Pediatric Patients
Authors: Barayan Rayan Mohammed , Alnemer Ghada Abdullah , Fatani Alaa Talal , Amer Ameera Ibrahim , Aljohani Hanan Raja , Alkhamis Ali Hussain
Published: January 2025

Oral candidiasis is a common fungal infection caused by Candida species, primarily affecting immunocompromised pediatric patients due to their weakened immune defenses. In children undergoing chemotherapy, living with HIV, or experiencing primary immunodeficiencies, the risk of infection increases significantly. The disrupted immune barriers and altered oral microbiota create an environment conducive to fungal overgrowth. Clinical presentations vary from classic white plaques to more subtle erythematous lesions, which can complicate timely diagnosis. Advanced diagnostic tools, such as molecular methods and species-specific testing, are crucial for accurate identification, especially with the rise of non-albicans Candida species resistant to standard therapies. Therapeutic strategies rely heavily on antifungal agents, with topical treatments like nystatin and systemic options like fluconazole forming the cornerstone of management. However, increasing antifungal resistance and recurrent infections pose ongoing challenges. Innovations in antifungal drug development, including liposomal amphotericin B and novel agents like ibrexafungerp, offer promising solutions. Additionally, immunomodulatory therapies and probiotics are being explored as adjuncts to enhance host defenses and restore microbial balance. Emerging insights into Candida biofilms and resistance mechanisms underscore the need for combination therapies and targeted interventions. Preventive measures, including oral hygiene education and prophylactic antifungal use in high-risk populations, play a pivotal role in reducing infection rates. Multidisciplinary approaches integrating clinical expertise, advanced diagnostics, and novel therapeutic strategies are essential to address the complex needs of this vulnerable population. The continued exploration of host-pathogen interactions and therapeutic innovations offers hope for improved management and outcomes in immunocompromised pediatric patients.
Role of Molar and Mandibular Distalization in Orthodontic Treatment
Authors: Al-Musally Zainab Mahdi , Alfaran Kifayah Abdulaziz , Alosaif Zahra Hassan , Hassan Alam Lojain , Alghamdi Fahad Abdulrahman , Alshams Ayah Abdullah
Published: January 2025

Molar and mandibular distalization are essential techniques in orthodontic treatment, primarily employed to address malocclusions, space discrepancies, and crowding while preserving the integrity of the dental arch. Molar distalization facilitates the correction of Class II malocclusions by moving the maxillary molars distally, often using appliances like the pendulum, distal jet, or miniscrews. These methods create additional space in the anterior region and improve occlusal alignment without resorting to extractions. Mandibular distalization, though more challenging due to anatomical and biomechanical constraints, has seen advancements through skeletal anchorage systems, such as miniscrews and miniplates, enabling precise posterior movement of mandibular molars. The clinical applications of distalization techniques extend to treating various malocclusions, with case selection heavily dependent on skeletal relationships, crowding severity, and patient-specific factors. Younger patients benefit from skeletal growth potential, enhancing treatment outcomes, while adult patients often require customized appliances and meticulous biomechanical planning to overcome limitations like denser bone and reduced adaptability. Key considerations include anchorage management, anatomical boundaries, and maintaining long-term stability of distalized teeth. Technological advancements, including three-dimensional (3D) imaging based appliances, have refined these techniques, allowing for precise force application and improved patient comfort. However, challenges such as relapse, unwanted tipping, and anchorage loss persist, underscoring the need for robust retention protocols. Research into bioadaptive materials, enhanced force systems, and artificial intelligent-driven treatment planning is shaping the future of distalization, offering promising solutions to current limitations. These innovations hold potential to optimize outcomes, reduce side effects, and enable more individualized orthodontic care. Distalization techniques continue to evolve, providing effective alternatives to extraction-based treatment and contributing to the broader goal of achieving functional and aesthetic harmony in orthodontics.
Strategies for Managing Overcrowding in Emergency Departments
Authors: Tohary Abdu Dahesh , Alharthi Sultan Owaid , Saeed Asiri Nawal , Majrashi Fatim Yahya , Khormi Rawan Abdullah , Alhomrani Mohamed Ahmed
Published: January 2025

Emergency department (ED) overcrowding remains a critical global challenge, affecting patient safety, staff efficiency, and healthcare delivery. Key factors contributing to overcrowding include increasing patient visits, prolonged length of stay, and limited inpatient capacity. Innovative strategies are required to address these issues and optimize ED operations. Advances in patient flow and triage systems, resource allocation, and technology integration offer promising solutions. Streamlined triage systems, such as split-flow models and automated prioritization tools, improve efficiency by categorizing patients based on acuity and care requirements. These approaches significantly reduce waiting times and enhance throughput. Resource optimization strategies, including dynamic staffing models and task-shifting, ensure that healthcare professionals are allocated effectively, minimizing delays and preventing burnout. Predictive analytics further support these efforts by forecasting surges and enabling preemptive resource planning. Technology-driven solutions, such as telemedicine and artificial intelligence, have revolutionized ED operations. Virtual consultations reduce unnecessary visits, while automated triage systems ensure timely interventions. Real-time monitoring and location systems enhance workflow efficiency, enabling faster decision-making and improved patient tracking. While these innovations demonstrate significant potential, challenges such as financial constraints and workforce adaptation must be addressed for successful implementation. Investments in training, infrastructure, and stakeholder collaboration are critical to maximizing these advancements. By integrating these strategies, healthcare systems can mitigate overcrowding, improve patient outcomes, and build resilience in emergency care.
The Value of Vital Sign Changes for Early Detection of Clinical Deterioration
Authors: Althmali Majed Ahmad , Almalki Waleed Maid , Alzahrani Mohammed Saeed , Al-Tuwairqi Sati Khalaf Allah , Althubity Fahd Saad
Published: January 2025

Advancements in vital sign monitoring have transformed the detection and management of clinical deterioration, providing opportunities for earlier intervention and improved patient outcomes. Vital signs, including heart rate, respiratory rate, blood pressure, and oxygen saturation, often show subtle changes before critical conditions develop. The integration of continuous monitoring technologies, wearable devices, and predictive algorithms has enhanced the ability to track and interpret these changes. Machine learning models, such as recurrent neural networks, have demonstrated significant promise in identifying patterns within vital sign trends that may go unnoticed in traditional assessments. Despite these advancements, challenges persist in optimizing the use of vital sign changes for early detection. Variability in baseline physiological parameters across diverse populations complicates the establishment of universal thresholds, increasing the risk of false alarms or missed detections. Data quality issues, stemming from motion artifacts and inconsistent sensor performance, further hinder reliability. Resource disparities exacerbate these challenges, as under-resourced healthcare settings often lack access to advanced monitoring systems. Emerging technologies, such as wireless body area networks and cloud-based platforms, have enhanced the scalability and effectiveness of monitoring solutions. These tools facilitate real-time data analysis and provide actionable insights, even in remote or resource-constrained environments. However, ethical concerns related to data privacy and security remain critical considerations in the widespread adoption of these systems. The future of vital sign monitoring lies in addressing these limitations through interdisciplinary collaboration and innovative solutions. Standardizing data collection methods, refining predictive algorithms, and developing affordable, accessible technologies are essential steps. With sustained efforts, vital sign monitoring has the potential to revolutionize healthcare delivery, enabling more proactive and equitable patient care.
Evaluating the Impact of Drug-Drug Interactions in Polypharmacy Strategies for Safe Medication Management
Authors: AlJassas Sharifah Mansour , Alzaidi Naif Abdullah , Algharqan Sadeq Mansour , Aljawad Saeed Hasan , Alsofyani Basem Modheef , Ali Hadadi Fatimah
Published: January 2025

Polypharmacy, a common practice in managing complex and chronic medical conditions, is often accompanied by significant risks of drug-drug interactions (DDIs). These interactions can result in adverse clinical outcomes, including reduced therapeutic efficacy, toxicity, and increased hospitalization rates, especially in vulnerable populations such as older adults and patients with multimorbidities. The mechanisms underlying DDIs are multifaceted, involving both pharmacokinetic alterations, such as enzyme induction or inhibition, and pharmacodynamic interactions, which may lead to additive or antagonistic effects. Risk factors include patient-specific variables like age, genetic predispositions, and organ function, as well as systemic issues such as fragmented care and inconsistent medication monitoring. To address these challenges, healthcare systems are employing strategies that prioritize safety and efficacy. Comprehensive medication reviews conducted by pharmacists are pivotal in identifying high-risk combinations and deprescribing unnecessary medications. Technological advancements, including clinical decision support systems integrated with electronic health records, enhance the ability to detect and prevent DDIs in real-time. Furthermore, interdisciplinary collaboration among healthcare providers fosters a more cohesive approach to managing complex medication regimens. Patient education is equally crucial, emphasizing the importance of adherence and awareness of potential interactions with over-the-counter drugs and supplements. Emerging tools, such as pharmacogenomics, offer promising opportunities for personalized medication management, tailoring treatments to individual genetic profiles to minimize interaction risks. Despite progress, barriers such as limited integration of technologies and variations in provider training persist, necessitating continuous research and refinement of these strategies to ensure optimal patient outcomes.
Sinekli Bakkal’da Zahid-Sûfi Çatışması
Authors: Kurt Ömer
Published: January 2025

Türk edebiyatında yüzyıllar içerisinde anlam kaymasına uğrayan birçok kelime, yeni manalar yüklenen birçok kavram bulunmaktadır. Zahit kelimesiyle özdeşleşen belirli kalıplar ve yaşam felsefesi dairesinde hareket eden insan tipi de bu değişimin yansıması bakımından dikkat çekicidir. Başlangıçta alçakgönüllü, İslâm’ın sevgi iklimini özümsemiş, canlı ve cansız varlıklara bu iklim içerisinde yaklaşan zahit, özellikle Divan edebiyatı devrinde yeni manalar yüklenerek eleştiriye tabi tutulmuştur. Bu dönemde dinin emirlerini mekanik bir anlayışla yerine getiren, sadece cehennem azabından kurtulmak ve cennetteki nimetlere ulaşmak için bir araç olarak gören, aşırı derecede mutaassıp bu insan tipi birçok şiirde âdeta yerden yere vurulmuştur. Hoca Ahmet Yesevi, Yunus Emre, Hacı Bektaşi gibi Tasavvuf önderlerinden ilham alan sufi tipi ise özellikle Divan şiirinde el üstünde tutulmuş, onun ibadetleri sadece Allah aşkıyla yerine getiren düşüncesi, engin hoşgörüsü; din, dil ve ırk ayrımı yapmadan tüm insanların gönlüne hitap etme arzusu oldukça beğenilmiş ve yüceltilmiştir. Son devir edebiyat tarihimizin en canlı simalarından olan Halide Edip Adıvar, baskısı en çok yapılan romanlarından Sinekli Bakkal’da eserin kahramanları mahalle imamı Hacı İlhami Efendi’nin şahsına yüklediği zahit tipi ile Mevlevi şeyhi Vehbi Dede’nin temsil ettiği sufi tipini arka planda karşılaştırarak vakanın gelişiminde ve Doğu ile Batı’nın uzlaşmasına yeni bir kapı açar.
MORPHOLOGY AND ANATOMY OF THE STEM AND LEAF FROM THE LOPHANTHUS ANISATUS SPECIES (NUTT.) BENTH.
Authors: NIȚU (NĂSTASE) Sorina , NIȚU Virgil , TOD Monica , ZEVEDEI Paul , LUCHIAN Vasilica , CONSTANTINESCU Emilia
Published: January 2025

The objective of this work was the study of vegetative organs in the species Lophanthus anisatus (Nutt.) Benth., synonymous with Agastache foeniculum (Pursh) Kuntze. The species L. anisatus Nutt, includes herbaceous, perennial plants belonging to the Lamiaceae family, the subfamily Nepetoideae, is native to America, North and East Asia. It was introduced relatively recently in Romania, being used as a medicinal plant, spice, ornamental and melliferous. For medicinal purposes, it is used the aerial part (herba) with multiple uses, for affections of the digestive system, prevents vascular accidents, increases the immunity system. Analysis of the leaves showed that the stem is 4-muchied, according to the Lamiaceae Family, the epidermis shows tectoral and glandular hairs, well-developed colenchymis, with 5-7 rows of cells, the ross with leading beams and pitch. The kambium connects the 4 leading beams of the trunk. The pitch is centrally situated. The epidermis is composed of a single row of cells where peri tectors and glandulars are observed.The knowledge of these elements of anatomy is very important in the field of taxonomy and in the characterization of species, varieties.
An Analysis of the Current Status and the Seven Standards for Hands-on School Safety Education
Authors:   Korea Safety Culture Society, Park Chan Gon
Published: January 2025

This study analyzes the current status of school safety education and the seven standards for school safety education, aiming to suggest directions for improvement. A survey of 94 elementary, middle, and high school teachers in Gyeonggi-do was conducted to examine the current state, challenges, and perceptions of hands-on safety education. The seven standards were also analyzed to identify priority topics for practice. The results showed that teachers highly valued the need for school safety education but noted the limitations of its current theory-based approach. They positively evaluated the necessity and benefits of hands-on safety education and emphasized the need for policy improvements, such as assigning dedicated teachers and supporting facilities and equipment. Seven essential topics common to all school levels were identified as priorities for practice. This study makes four recommendations for the effective implementation of hands-on safety education. First, revise the law to align training hours with practical needs and allow schools flexibility in selecting topics. Second, introduce a dedicated teacher system supported by training programs and networks. Third, provide sustained budget support for facilities and equipment, and develop standardized guidelines. Fourth, until legal revisions are made, implement policies such as utilizing creative activity time and introducing a school principal certification system. This study provides practical insights to enhance the effectiveness of school safety education and offers policy directions for revitalizing hands-on safety education.
An Analysis of the Use Case Effect of Traffic Operation Scenario in Response to Incidents for Mixed Traffic Situations
Authors:   Korea Safety Culture Society, Ha Hye Jong , Son Young Tae , Kim Dong Wu
Published: January 2025

This study aims to analyze the effects of providing traffic operation strategies to autonomous vehicles in response to incidents in mixed traffic situations involving autonomous vehicles and manual vehicles. The use case scenario of providing detour information for incidents in a living lab where autonomous vehicles are expected to operate is intended to derive the effects of traffic operation strategies through comparison of average travel speeds. In order to analyze the effectiveness of traffic operation strategy in traffic situations where autonomous vehicles and manual vehicles coexist, three scenarios were designed for peak and non-peak traffic conditions, and the average travel time of autonomous vehicles for each autonomous driving service was calculated and analyzed as an indicator for judging the effectiveness of the information provision scenario for detours. The simulation analysis results for scenario 2, where an incident occurs, showed that the average travel speed increased compared to scenario 1, and this was analyzed to reflect the bottleneck caused by the incident (reducing operation from 3 lanes to 1 lane). In scenario 3, which simulates the case where detour information is provided as part of the incident response traffic operation strategy, the average travel time of autonomous vehicles decreases compared to scenario 2 for the occurrence of an incident. Therefore, it is judged that the traffic conditions improves as autonomous vehicles select the detour as a strategy for providing detour information in response to an incident, thereby reducing the demand for vehicles passing through the incident location. This study is significant in that it analyzed the effectiveness of traffic operation strategy by implementing an actual traffic environment as a simulation program for the use case of traffic operation strategy that can be provided to autonomous vehicles when an incident occurs in a mixed situation of autonomous vehicles and manual vehicles, and as an initial study in preparation for the era of autonomous driving, it is a study on mixed situations of autonomous vehicles in urban areas.
Analysis of user-centered usage status of ICT-based artificial intelligence care service for estabilishing a safety net for the vulnerable and suggestion of policy measures to improve service
Authors:   Korea Safety Culture Society, Yoon Chi Yang , Jeon Mi Yang
Published: January 2025

Purpose: The purpose of this study were to analyze the user-centered usage status of ICT-based artificial intelligence care services for establishing a safety net for the vulnerable and to suggest a policy direction for improving the service. Method: This study targeted 400 people using ICT-based artificial intelligence care services to build a safety net for the vulnerable. in N-gun, Gyeongsangnam-do. Analyzed the types of services used, main utterances, emotional conversations, and emergency SOS usage status for three months from May to August 2024 using SPSS statistical software. Result: Among the study subjects, there were 352 women (88.0%) and 48 men (12.0%). The service most used by users was the Sosiktoktok, followed by emotional conversations, music healing, weather, fortune telling, radio, and mood. In addition, the number of uses per subject over 3 months was 249.10, and the number of uses per person by gender was higher for men (406.71 times) than for women (239.16 times), and the number of uses was higher for the elderly over 70 years old. The most common user utterance was weather search, followed by thank you, hello, and I heard. The most common keyword for emotional conversation was happiness, followed by loneliness, depression, and psychological stability. The emergency SOS service was used 17 times in total. This study found that vulnerable groups use emotional care most among ICT-based AI care services, and men use AI care services more frequently than women, and the elderly over 70 years old use AI care services more frequently. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, it is suggested that ICT-based AI care services in the future expand emotional support services according to the needs of users, utilize AI devices in the form of animals or humans rather than speakers so that the vulnerable class can feel familiar with AI care media, and simplify services so that the elderly over 70 years of age can easily use them.
Analysis of the Structural Relationships among Variables Affecting University Students’ Career Preparation Behavior
Authors:   Korea Safety Culture Society, Bae Sung Ah , Sung So Yeon
Published: January 2025

This study analyzed the structural relationships between academic engagement, resilience, university life adaptation, and career preparation behavior among university students. Based on data collected from 195 students at a university in Chungcheong Province, the structural model was tested using SPSS 25.0 and AMOS 21.0 to calculate path coefficients between variables. The results are as follows: First, there was a positive correlation among university students' academic enthusiasm, resilience, university life adaptation, and career preparation behaviors. In other words, the relationship between career preparation behaviors and the selected variables was sufficiently established, confirming the validity of the hypothesized path model. Second, while the structural model demonstrated statistically acceptable fit, direct paths from academic engagement to career preparation behavior and from resilience to career preparation behavior were not significant. To address this, a revised model was tested by removing non-significant paths, confirming a suitable final model for the four factors. Third, an analysis of direct and indirect effects revealed that academic engagement directly impacts university life adaptation and has a stronger influence on career preparation behavior when mediated by resilience. Additionally, university life adaptation positively affects career preparation behavior, confirming resilience as a mediating factor between academic engagement and career preparation behavior. This suggests that enhancing learners' resilience not only facilitates successful adaptation to university life but also promotes career preparation behaviors. Therefore, universities should consider policy approaches such as programs for freshmen or learning support initiatives.
Social Entrepreneurship: Key Factors Influencing an Organization’s Competitive Advantage and Sustainability
Authors:   Korea Safety Culture Society, Kim Sang Hoon
Published: January 2025

Purpose: Social entrepreneurship is receiving a lot of attention considering the circumstances of the times to solve various problems of capitalism. This study aims to analyze the relationship between entrepreneurial marketing, competitive advantage, and sustainability through research on the effectiveness of social entrepreneurship targeting social enterprises. Method: For the purpose of this study, a distribution survey was conducted through a survey method focusing on social enterprises and small businesses, and the 228 copies were used in the final analysis. As analytical methods, the effects of the relevant variables were analyzed using the structural equation model (AMOS). Results: As a result of the research analysis, first, the social orientation factor was presented as a major component in addition to the entrepreneurship elements such as progressiveness,innovation, and risk tolerance as sub-factors of social entrepreneurship. Second, it was confirmed that social entrepreneurship has a positive effect on entrepreneurial marketing. Third, entrepreneurial marketing has been proven to have significant positive results on a company's competitive advantage and sustainability. Conclusion: Based on these research results, we suggest that social entrepreneurship is an important antecedent factor that increases a company's competitive advantage and sustainability.
Appraisal the toxicity of CaO and Gold Nanoparticles in Wistar rats: A systematic review
Authors: Shurooq Wesam Al-Shaibani  , Warood Kream Alaarage  , Maha Hatem Abdul Wahid  , Abtesam Imhemed Aljdaimi
Published: January 2025

Nanotechnology is a new science and these risks are not realistically defined or observed at present. Among these risks is that particles with a diameter of 300 nanometers or smaller can with no trouble penetrate the human body also penetrate cells, as well as that particles with a diameter of 70 nanometers or smaller can easily enter the nucleus of the cell. It is possible to imagine the potential danger to the body, as an interaction may occur between nanoparticles. Because of the small size of nanoparticles, masks and even protective masks of all types are not useful for protection against them, as these particles can penetrate them. The actual impact of nanoparticles on liver and kidney function otherwise male fertility and toxicity is assessed afterward a careful investigation of the obtainable literature. The chief role reviews animal patterns to comprehend the biomarkers related to the function of the liver and kidneys, also testis function of nanoparticles. Our principal outcomes put forward that nanoparticles are in general capable to reach the liver, kidneys, and the testicle in minor quantities where they persevere for more than a few months, nevertheless of the route of exposure. Notable, the majority of nanoparticles have little shortest toxicity to liver, kidneys, and the testis. Research conducted on mice and laboratory animals has shown that nanoparticles, after entering their bodies, tend to migrate and localize in the liver, kidney and that these particles can penetrate to reproductive system, and nanoparticles can also localize in other organs.
Platelet rich plasma and anterior cruciate ligament repair: A new frontier, or a short term adjunct
Authors: Gill Saran Singh , Cenci Giulia , Falcinelli Susanna , Marzano Fabrizio , Carriero Bruno , Filippi Nicola , Pace Valerio
Published: January 2025

Platelet rich plasma (PRP) is an autologous blood product rich in platelets, showing promise in reducing inflammation and accelerating healing. While extensively utilized in plastic surgery, dermatology, and osteoarthritis treatment, its application in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries is limited. This article examines PRP's potential in ACL reconstruction (ACLR), exploring its history, current usage, controversies and future directions. PRP has demonstrated significant early benefits in ligamentisation and vascularisation post-ACLR, though its long-term efficacy is inconsistent. Studies suggest that PRP may serve as both an adjunct therapy in ACLR to enhance initial healing and reduce postoperative complications, and as a non-surgical alternative for small ACL tears. Despite these promising findings, outcome variability necessitates further high-quality research to optimize PRP formulations and determine its most effective applications. The exploration of PRP as a treatment modality in ACLR offers promising but varied outcomes. PRP holds considerable promise as both an adjunct and alternative to traditional ACLR. This article underscores the need for targeted research to fully realize PRP's therapeutic potential in ACL treatment, aiming to inform future studies and clinical practices. By understanding PRP's mechanisms of efficacy and identifying the most beneficial patient populations, PRP could significantly impact orthopaedics and sports medicine, improving recovery pathways and patient outcomes.
Fundamentals of intervertebral disc degeneration and related discogenic pain
Authors: Peng Bao-Gan
Published: January 2025

Lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration is thought to be the main cause of low back pain, although the mechanisms by which it occurs and leads to pain remain unclear. In healthy adult discs, vessels and nerves are present only in the outer layer of the annulus fibrosus and in the bony endplate. Animal models, and histological and biomechanical studies have shown that annulus tear or endplate injury is the initiating factor for painful disc degeneration. Injury to the disc triggers a local inflammatory repair response that activates nociceptors and promotes the synthesis of neuropeptides such as substance P and calcitonin gene-related peptide, by dorsal root ganglion neurons. These neuropeptides are transported to injured discs and act as pro-inflammatory molecules, promoting the production of an “inflammatory soup” by inducing vasodilatation and plasma extravasation as well as by promoting the release of chemical mediators from disc cells and infiltrating immune cells, causing neurogenic inflammation that leads to progressive disc degeneration and discogenic pain.
Advances in 3D correction of adolescent scoliosis: The superiority of scoliocorrector fatma-UI in rotational realignment
Authors: Zhu Jin-Ke , Li Zhi-Peng , Zhou Peng-He
Published: January 2025

This letter compares the clinical efficacy and economic feasibility of the scoliocorrector fatma-UI (SCFUI) with direct vertebral rotation (DVR) in treating adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). SCFUI has shown promising results in three-dimensional spinal correction, providing superior rotational alignment compared to DVR and achieving significant improvements in coronal and sagittal planes. Additionally, SCFUI’s advanced design reduces risks associated with AIS surgeries and enhances overall patient outcomes. Economic analysis reveals SCFUI as a cost-effective option, potentially lowering long-term healthcare costs by minimizing complications and revisions. Our findings suggest that SCFUI is a viable, innovative approach in AIS treatment, meeting clinical and economic demands in orthopedic care.
Assessment of the hip-spine relationship in total hip arthroplasty for childhood hip disorders sequelae
Authors: Shu Cong-Ke , Liang Hai-Song , Bai Xin-Wen , Deng Yu , Jiang Qi-Long
Published: January 2025

In this article, we comment on the article by Oommen et al . Oommen et al provided a comprehensive overview of the management of hip centre restoration in total hip arthroplasty (THA) for childhood hip disorder sequelae. Given the developmental disparity in this population, specific preoperative planning is an essential prerequisite for the success of THA procedures. In the review by Oommen et al , assessments of acetabular and femoral anatomic variations were fully described. However, spinal malalignment and stiffness are common in physical and radiological examinations and should be taken into careful consideration when planning surgical procedures. Poor outcomes of THA for patients with comorbid hip and spinopelvic pathologies have been widely reported, especially for hips with childhood disorder sequelae. Therefore, in this editorial, we would like to emphasize the need for a thorough hip-spine evaluation of patients with childhood hip disorder sequelae before THA.
PHYSICO-CHEMICAL ASSESSMENT OF GROUNDWATER OF THE NORTHERN PART OF BUDHI GANDAK AREA AKBARPUR IN MUSHAHARI BLOCK MUZAFFARPUR DISTRICT, BIHAR
Authors: Kumari Mamata , Shastri Satya Brat
Published: January 2025

During investigation, carried out the quality of water sample from tube wells at different places besides the said area Akbarpur in Mushahri Block Muzaffarpur District of Bihar state during June 2017 to May2018. Parameters such as pH, TDS, DO, EC, alkalinity, total hardness Ca, Mg, Po ---, No -, So – and arsenic have been studied. Some 4 3 4 samples exceeded the maximum permissible limit of TDS and Iron also according to medical science. Another water samples along Budhi Gandak area under examination which even exceeded the maximum permissible level. Arsenic contamination in the ground water of this belt is a serious concern about human health.
Analisis Akuntabilitas, Transparansi dan Efisiensi Terhadap Produktivitas Sekolah Kecamatan Polokarto
Authors: Nugroho Totok Susilo Pamuji
Published: January 2025

This study aims to examine the effect of accountability, transparency and efficiency of financial management on school productivity in senior high school in Polokarto sub-district. This type of research is quantitative. The population in this study were 120 educators in senior high school in Polokarto sub-district. The sample in this study used purposive sampling method and obtained 50 educators in senior high school in accordance with predetermined criteria. The data analysis technique used is multiple regression analysis with SPSS 16.0 program. The results showed that the variables of accountability and transparency had no effect on school productivity. Meanwhile, the variable of financial management efficiency has an effect on school productivity.
Effect of Integrated Weed Management on Productivity and Profitability of Blackgram (Vigna mungo L.) under Hill and Plateau Region of Eastern India
Authors: Singh Amitesh Kumar , Shanker Ravi , Kumar Rakesh , Singh Nikhil Kumar , Singh Amit Kumar
Published: January 2025

An on-farm trial (OFT) was conducted at Bara Dhanabindi, Boarijore Block and Kumarshi, Pathargama block of Godda district during kharif season of 2020 and 2021 to assess the effect of integrated weed management on productivity and profitability of blackgram. Our results revealed that significantly lowest weed density of grasses, broad leaved weeds (BLWs), sedges, total weed count and weed dry weight was recorded with application of pendimethalin 1000 g a.i./ha (PE) + one hand weeding at 30 DAS over application of pendimethalin 1000 g a.i./ha (PE) and farmer’s practice. Application of pendimethalin 1000 g a.i./ha (PE) + one hand weeding at 30 DAS observed significantly higher seed yield, gross returns, net returns, B: C ratio, production and economic efficiency over pendimethalin 1000 g a.i./ha (PE) and farmer’s practice. However, farmer’s practice was recorded higher weed index and the lowest WCE. Thus, application of pendimethalin @1.0 kg a.i./ha (PE) + one hand weeding may be recommended for higher crop productivity and profitability of blackgram under hill and plateau region of Eastern India.
A Greener, one pot synthesis of 1, 3-diphenyl-3- (phenylamino) propan-1-one derivatives
Authors: Ampolu Satheesh , Rao Joga Chandrasekhar , Dalai Santhi Priya , Ramanjaneyulu M.V.V. , Prathipati Jayarangarao , Kota Ravi , Kankanala Venkata Kalyan , Kumar Amit , Kothakota Naga Jogayya , Hanumanthu Usha
Published: January 2025

The utilisation of melamine trisulfonic acid (MTSA) as a heterogeneous solid acid catalyst has been found to exhibit exceptional efficiency in facilitating a wide range of organic transformations. Numerous scientists have dedicated significant endeavours towards harnessing MTSA as an environmentally friendly catalyst in the synthesis of N- and O-containing heterocyclic compounds. Additionally, MTSA has been employed for the protection of alcohol, phenols, amines, aldehydes, and ketones, as well as for the acetylation of alcohols and phenols, and the N-formylation of amines. A highly effective catalytic technique has been established for the synthesis of a range of -amino carbonyl chemical derivatives. This protocol involves a one-pot three-component Mannich reaction, utilising MTSA as the catalyst and ethyl alcohol as the solvent. The aforementioned methodology exhibits the capacity to provide the needed goods at a satisfactory rate of 90-96%, while also demonstrating a commendable efficiency in terms of reaction time. One notable benefit of employing this heterogeneous catalyst is its ability to be retrieved and utilised multiple times without experiencing a decline in its effectiveness. This review aims to examine the preparation and applications of MTSA (Methyltrioxorhenium) in the context of organic synthesis.
Drought Stress in Plants: A Review on Morphological, Physiological and Biochemical alterations with special reference to drought stress tolerance strategies
Authors: Mazumdar Riya , Konwar Surajeet , Borgohain Tridisha , Das Dashami , Das Sewashri , Dutta Ankur Jyoti , Doley Smita , Dutta Pallabi , Rabha Florina
Published: January 2025

In the natural world, plants are constantly subject to a variety of biotic and abiotic stressors. Of these stresses, drought is without a doubt the most detrimental to plant growth and productivity. Climate change poses a serious threat to agricultural production. Plant responses to drought are diverse and might include anything from modifications in cellular metabolism to adjustments in crop yields or photosynthetic capacity and growth rates. An overview of the morphological, physiological, and biochemical alterations in plants caused by drought is provided in this paper. Understanding how plants respond to drought stress is essential to reducing its negative effects on them. Plants under drought stress undergo morph physiological, metabolic, cellular, and molecular activities as part of their drought response system. Improvements in the root system, leaf structure, osmotic adjustment, relative water content, and stomata regulation are some of these processes. Furthermore, scavenging reactive oxygen species and calcium and phytohormone (abscisic acid, Jasmonic acid, salicylic acid, ethylene, etc.) signaling pathways are the primary strategies to deal with drought stress. Application of exogenous chemicals (nitric oxide, 24-epibrassinoide, glycine betaine, and proline) are particularly important in order to further elucidate and increase drought tolerance in plants. Therefore, the current study incorporates a number of drought tolerance mechanisms in addition to the drought stress responses in plants.
Biochemical Studies Of Amino Acid Content In The Haemolymph, Fat Body And Silk Gland Of Iv And V Instars Of Bombyx Mori Larvae Fed With Control And Morus Indica Copper Nanoparticles (Micunps) Treated V-1 Mulberry Leaves
Authors: Veerappan M. , Rajathi V.
Published: January 2025

Generally, silkworm Bombyx mori L. is monophagous in character and feeds solely on mulberry leaves. Silkworm larva obtains different amino acids from the mulberry leaves and uses them to synthesize silk proteins secreted during spinning. The present study was carried out to analyze the variations in the biochemical constituents of amino acid in different body tissues viz., haemolymph, silk gland and fat body in the healthy and bacterial infect fouth and fifth instar larvae of the Bombyx mori silkworm. The feed efficacy of mulberry leaves such as V-1 and leaves treated with Copper nanoparticles on the amino acid contents in the haemolymph, fat body and silk gland of silkworm, Bombyx mori are fragmentary. The Bombyx mori larvae fed with different concentrations (25%, 50%, 75% and 100%) of Copper nanoparticles treated V-1 Mulberry leaves. The 25% is effective’s dose of silk worm. Hence, it has been programmed in the present study to find out the feed efficacy of mulberry leaf variety (V-1) and leaves treated with Copper nanoparticles on amino acid content in the silkworm Bombyx mori. It may be concluded that V-1 leaf variety treated with copper nanoparticles elicits some favourable responses in silkworms with regard to the commercial improvement as evidenced from the results of the present study.
Blockchain for transparent and secure supply chain management in renewable energy
Authors: Ekene Cynthia Onukwulu  , Ikiomoworio Nicholas Dienagha  , Wags Numoipiri Digitemie  , Peter Ifechukwude Egbumokei
Published: January 2025

Blockchain technology has emerged as a transformative tool for enhancing transparency, traceability, and security within supply chain management, particularly in the renewable energy sector. With increasing global demand for renewable energy sources, the complexity of managing decentralized supply chains has grown, necessitating more robust systems for tracking resources, transactions, and ensuring compliance. Blockchain offers a decentralized, immutable ledger that ensures all transactions are recorded transparently and cannot be altered, providing a foundation for greater accountability and trust among stakeholders. In renewable energy supply chains, blockchain can effectively address several critical challenges, including the verification of the origin of materials, such as solar panels, wind turbines, and batteries. This ensures that the sourcing of raw materials is done ethically, sustainably, and in line with environmental and social governance standards. Furthermore, blockchain facilitates real-time tracking of products from manufacturing to deployment, offering enhanced visibility and reducing the risk of fraud, theft, or errors. The integration of blockchain with Internet of Things (IoT) devices can further optimize the renewable energy supply chain by enabling automatic data recording and monitoring of the performance and condition of energy assets. This leads to improved asset management and predictive maintenance, thus reducing operational costs and increasing efficiency. Additionally, smart contracts powered by blockchain can automate and streamline transactions, reducing paperwork and delays, and ensuring compliance with contractual obligations. Overall, the application of blockchain in renewable energy supply chains holds significant promise in driving sustainability, reducing inefficiencies, and fostering collaboration between various stakeholders, including manufacturers, suppliers, and end-users. By leveraging blockchain's capabilities, the renewable energy sector can build more transparent, secure, and efficient supply chains, contributing to a more sustainable energy future.