bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY TO COMPARE THE EFFICACY OF ROPIVACAINE ALONE AND ROPIVACAINE WITH DEXMEDETOMIDINE IN ULTRASOUND GUIDED FASCIA ILIACA COMPARTMENT BLOCK FOR ANALGESIA IN POSITIONING OF THE PATIENT IN SUBARACHNOID BLOCK PERFORMED IN UNILATERAL FEMUR FRACTURE SURGERY
Authors: Rajpurohit Vikas , Chauhan Manish Singh , Rawat Vijay Singh , Sharma Shailesh
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Patients encountered with fracture shaft and neck femur require some anaesthesia or pain relief to allow radiological, orthopedic and other procedures to be performed. Regional anaesthesia is the most widely used an aesthetic technique for orthopedic procedures in lower limbs.Fascia iliaca blocks provide a safe, cheap and effective form of pain relief for patients with neck of femur fractures. Animal studies have proven the combination of dexmedetomidine with ropivacaine to be safe and neuro-protective. Fascia iliaca compartment block which involve femoral nerve, lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh and obturator nerve. This study is designed to compare Fascia Iliaca Compartment Block under ultrasound guidance with ropivacaine and ropivacaine plus dexmedetomidine positioning during spinal anesthesia in femur fractures.
Material and methods: This study was conducted at Mahatma Gandhi hospital and Mathuradas Mathur hospital, Jodhpur during January 2019–January 2020. 60 Patients admitted in Orthopaedic ward age group 21-60 yrs. of both sex were the source of data. Patients undergoing elective surgery for fracture femur (neck of femur and intertrochanteric) under SAB were included in the study.
We divided the cases into 2 groups of 30 each, as

GROUP R: Patients were received 30 ml 0.50% Inj. ropivacaine + 2 ml Normal saline with a total volume of 32 ml in unilateral FICB.
GROUP RD: Patients were received 30 ml 0.50% Inj. Ropivacaine + 2 ml Inj. Dexmeditomidine (0.5mcg/Kg) with a total volume of 32 ml in unilateral FICB.

Standard protocol followed to administering regional anaesthesia. All data were collected and analysed with the help of suitable statistical parameters.
Results: Our study results in that Fascia Iliaca Compartment Block with combination of ropivacaine and dexmedetomidine is more efficacious than ropivacaine alone for positioning during spinal anaesthesia in surgery for fracture femur.
Key words: Spinal Anaesthesia, Fascia Iliaca Compartment Block, Ropivacaine, Dexmedetomidine.
THE FREQUENCY OF HYPONATREMIA AND HYPOKALEMIA IN MALNOURISHED CHILDREN WITH ACUTE DIARRHEA
Authors: Bakolia Sushil Kumar , Verma Gajendra Kumar , Barolia Dinesh Kumar
Published: September 2021

Background: Malnutrition is a major global health problem, with the major burden being in South Asia and Sub-Saharan Afric. The study was undertaken to determine the frequency of hyponatremia an hypokalemia in malnourished children with acute diarrhea.

Methods: Hospital based prospective study was conducted on 100 children between the age group of 6months to 5years presenting with acute diarrhea was include in the study.

Results: Hyponatremia was observed in total 15 (15.00%) cases of diarrhea. Regarding the grade of malnutrition, hyponatremia was observed in only 4.44% in grade 1, 8.69% in grade, 41.67% in grade 3 and 60.00% in grade 4 malnutrition respectively.  Hypokalemia was noticed in 10.00% cases (10 out of 100) with acute diarrhea. The frequency of hypokalemia was 4.44% in grade 1, 8.69% in grade 2, 25.00% in grade 3 and 40.00% in grade 4 malnutrition respectively.

Conclusion: Electrolyte disturbances are often subclinical in malnourished children, but become obvious during the episode of acute diarrhoeal disease. Hence serum electrolytes of every malnourished child with acute diarrhoea should be estimated in order to do immediate correction and avoid serious life-threatening outcome.

Keywords: IAP, Malnutrition, Diarrhoea
Covid-19 Salgını Sonrası Yiyecek ve İçecek Sektörü: Mutfak Şeflerinin Perspektiflerine Yönelik Bir Araştırma
Authors: DEMİRDELEN ALRAWADIEH Derya , CİFCİ Ibrahim
Published: September 2021

COVID-19 salgını yiyecek içecek sektörünü ciddi oranda etkilemiştir. Böylesine geniş çaplı bir salgının sektörü nasıl etkilediğini ortaya koymak oldukça önemli görülmektedir. Bu önemden hareketle araştırmanın amacı, COVID-19 salgını sırasında yiyecek-içecek sektörünün durumuna yönelik mutfak şeflerinin bakış açılarını belirlemek ve salgın sonrasındaki beklentileri ortaya koymaktır. Bu amaçla, toplamda 18 mutfak şefi ile görüşülmüştür. Elde edilen veriler içerik analizine tabi tutulmuş olup, sektörün durumuna yönelik mutfak şeflerinin bakış açıları iki başlık altında ele alınmıştır. Bunlar; COVID-19 salgını sırasında yiyecek-içecek sektörü (çalışanlar açısından algılar, değişen tüketici ihtiyaçları ve sektöre yönelik genel görüşler) ve COVID-19 salgını sonrasında yiyecek-içecek sektöründe ortaya çıkabilecek değişiklikler (yenilik uygulamaları, hijyen ve sanitasyon, robotik uygulamalar) olarak belirlenmiştir. Bu araştırma, COVID-19 salgını sırasında pandemiden fazlası ile etkilenmiş olan yiyecek ve içecek sektörüne yönelik sınırlı olan alan yazına teorik katkı sunmakta; aynı zamanda yiyecek içecek sektörüne, sektör paydaşlarına ve sektör çalışanlarına uygulamaya yönelik öneriler geliştirmektedir.
Güvenli Turizm Sertifikalı İşletmelerin Profilleri ve Sertifikaya Sahip Konaklama İşletmelerine Yönelik Çevrimiçi Misafir Yorumlarının Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: TÜRKMENDAĞ Tuba , ERDEM Barış , AKYÜREK Suat
Published: September 2021

Bu araştırmada, Türkiye’de güvenli turizm sertifikasına sahip işletmelerin profillerinin ortaya çıkarılması ve güvenli turizm sertifikalı konaklama işletmelerine yönelik olarak misafirlerin çevrimiçi yorumlarının incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. İşletme profillerinin ortaya çıkarılmasında Türkiye Turizm Tanıtım ve Geliştirme Ajansı ve T.C. Kültür ve Turizm Bakanlığı’nın verilerinden faydalanılmıştır. 5084 işletmenin incelendiği araştırma sonucunda; Türkiye’de güvenli turizm sertifikasına sahip işletmelerin yoğun olarak İstanbul’da faaliyet gösterdiği, güvenli turizm sertifikalı tesislerin büyük çoğunluğunu konaklama işletmelerinin oluşturduğu ve güvenli turizm sertifikasına sahip işletmelerin yarısından çoğunun belediye belgeli tesis niteliğinde olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Güvenli turizm sertifikalı konaklama işletmelerinin uygulamalarına ilişkin olarak ise, misafirlerin yorumlarının genel itibariyle olumlu yönde olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Olumlu yorumların ağırlıklı olarak işletmedeki temizlik ve hijyen uygulamaları konusunda olduğu; olumsuz yorumlarda ise temizlik ve hijyen uygulamalarının yetersizliği ile maske kullanılmamasına vurgu yapıldığı saptanmıştır. Ayrıca misafirlerin büyük çoğunluğu konaklama işletmelerinin almış oldukları tedbirler sayesinde kendilerini güvende hissettiklerini ve huzurlu ve rahat bir tatil geçirdiklerini vurgulamışlardır.
Türkiye’de Piyano İle İlgili Yapılan Lisansüstü Araştırmaların İçerik Analizi: (1995-2017)
Authors: BABACAN Ezgi
Published: September 2021

Bilimsel araştırmalar sistematik şekilde belirli bir yöntemle bilgilerin toplanması, çözümlenmesi ve yorumlanarak raporlaştırılması sürecine dayanmaktadır. Bu süreçte araştırma sonuçları tez, makale gibi farklı yayın türleriyle paylaşılabilmektedir. Alana yönelik yapılan her araştırma sonucunda ortaya çıkan yaklaşım ve uygulamalar o disipline olumlu katkı sağlamaktadır. Piyano ile ilgili yapılan lisansüstü araştırmaların sistematik olarak incelenmesi amacıyla yapılan bu çalışma, piyanoya yönelik yapılan çalışmaların genel bir çerçevede raporlaştırılması, sistematik olarak düzenlenmesi ve yapılacak yeni çalışmalar için araştırmacılara yardımcı olması açısından önemli görülmektedir. Araştırmada 1987-2017 arasında, YÖK tez merkezi veritabanında tam metin PDF olarak ulaşılan ve konu içeriği doğrudan piyano ile ilgili tezler incelenerek içerik analiziyle çözümlenmiştir. Araştırma kapsamında belirlenen tarama ve seçim ölçütleriyle kullanılacak lisansüstü araştırmalar belirlenmiş ve konu içeriği piyano ile ilgili olanlar örnekleme dahil edilmiştir. Araştırma örnekleminde yer alan lisansüstü araştırmalar incelenmiş, excel programı kullanılarak kodlanmış ve araştırma türünden başlayarak, 17 maddeden oluşan temalar incelenmiştir.
Korku Filmlerinde “Şeytan”dan 2000’lere Değişmeyen Kadın İmgesi: “Şeytan Çarpması” Filminin Feminist Eleştirisi
Authors: SEPETCİ Tülin
Published: September 2021

Popüler sinemanın korku türünde, kadınların ve toplumdaki rollerinin statükoyu destekleyip, egemen ideolojiyi yeniden üretecek tarzda sunulduğu, cinsiyet ayrımcılığı yapıldığı ve bu durumun 70’li yıllardan beri değişmediği varsayımından hareket edilen bu çalışmada, örnek film olarak 2005 yapımı “Şeytan Çarpması” filmi seçilmiş ve film, Feminist Film Eleştirisi çerçevesinde nitel olarak analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmanın amacı yalnızca korku filmlerinde kadın temsil kalıplarını ortaya koymak değil, aynı zamanda iki film farklı dönemlerde ve farklı toplumsal değişim dinamiklerinde çekilmiş olmalarına rağmen kadınların ev içinde, eğitim hayatında ve iş hayatında benzer biçimde konumlandırıldıklarını feminist film eleştirisi çerçevesinde tartışmaktır. Analiz sonucunda “Şeytan Çarpması” filminin de ataerkil sistemin devamlılığını sağlama yönünde basmakalıp yargıları yeniden üretir nitelikte olduğu görülmüştür. 70’li yıllarda çekilen “Şeytan-The Exorcist” filminin temelinde olan anti-feminist düşünce yapısının 2000’li yıllara gelindiğinde hala geçerliliğini koruduğu görülmektedir, çünkü ataerkil kapitalist sistem kadının ikincil konumunu yeniden üreten işleyişini korku türü aracılığıyla sürdürmeye devam etmektedir. Kadın hala kötülüğün doğuşuna aracılık etmekte ve toplumun ona uygun gördüğü cinsiyet rolleri dışında hareket ederse cezalandırılmaktadır. Tüm bunları hem Emily'nin başına gelenlerde hem de filmin ana karakteri olan avukat kadın Erin'in film boyunca görülen karakter değişiminde görmek mümkündür. Her iki film de kurguladığı tasvirlerle kadın düşmanı ataerkil bir bakış açısını yansıtmakta; kadın olmanın kötülük ve doğaüstü varlıklarla hizalanmasıyla muhafazakar gericiliğin yeniden üretimine katkıda bulunmaktadır.
Educação especial e inclusiva, um novo desafio escolar: microcefalia
Authors: Seibt Mayara Teixera da Silva
Published: September 2021

O presente artigo tem por finalidade conscientizar o professor a refletir sobre a importância da educação especial em crianças desde a mais tenra idade considerando a sua periodização, respeitando seus aspectos intelectual, cognitivo e social. Com o proposito de preparar o aluno para a sociedade, envolvendo assim seu grupo familiar, em um trabalho conjunto com comunidade escolar. Volvido em um olhar crítico sobre o contexto histórico do aluno com microcefalia e sua especificidade clínica, em razão de sua valorização e oportunizar o desenvolvimento de todas as suas potencialidades. Destaca-se a importância de uma formação qualitativa para professores, voltada a atender a todas as áreas da educação especial. Ao realizar a análise em campo, nota-se que atualmente na sala de aula o professor de fato está trabalhando a inclusão de crianças com deficiência. Neste artigo o foco da analise é um aluno com microcefalia, o qual foi detectado o aluno sendo o único caso de Microcefalia causado pelo Zica Vírus no Estado do Paraná. Este aluno esta inserido na Rede Pública Municipal de Ensino de Cascavel, cujo aporte teórico está fundamentado no Currículo Para Rede Pública Municipal de Ensino de Cascavel – Educação Infantil, o qual direciona o trabalho para o desenvolvimento da aprendizagem de pessoa com deficiência. Este tema é de grande relevância para a prática do professor, tendo em vista a necessidade da pesquisa e estudo sobre o caso de crianças que nasceram com microcefalia. Por ser um caso novo e único às professoras buscam estimular o aluno oportunizando de diferentes encaminhamentos adaptando-os para o mesmo. Nesse sentido a abordagem metodológica da pesquisa é qualitativa, pois apresenta métodos usados pelos professores durante a prática pedagógica, e a realidade escolar no atendimento de alunos com microcefalia.
Зміни лісомеліоративної складової протиерозійних заходів на прикладі ділянки з контурно-меліоративною організацією території
Authors: Коляда В.П. , Круглов О.В. , Ачасова А.О. , Назарок П.Г. , Тютюнник Н.В.
Published: September 2021

Мета. Визначення функціональних змін лісомелі-оративної складової частини протиерозійних заходівна прикладі п’яти лісосмуг, що розташовані на схи-ловій ділянці з контурно-меліоративною організацієютериторії в умовах Північного Степу України. Методи.Порівняльний та ретроспективний – для обробленнярізночасових космічних зображень території дослі-джень для виявлення змін у структурі лісомеліора-тивних заходів в умовах регіонального ландшафтуПівнічного Степу. Як картографічну основу використо-вували топографічні карти М 1:10 000, а подальшу їхобробку й інтерпретацію проводили за допомогою ГІС-програм на кшталт ARC-GIS®, QGIS®. За результатамиобробки даних планували визначення ділянок лісосмугіз пошкодженою та відсутньою функціональною части-ною. Оціночний метод визначення стану деревних поріду захисних насадженнях за класифікацією їхньої життє-діяльності для умов степу та напівпустелі. Результати.Виявлено зміни лісомеліоративної складової частинипротиерозійних заходів у вигляді доповнення рос-линності лісомеліоративних насаджень дикорослоюпорослю таких деревних порід, як: ясень пенсильван-ський (Fraxinus Pennsylvanica), в’яз приземкуватий(Ulmus Pumila), клен ясенелистий (Acer Platanoides).Поросль дикорослих чагарникових порід була представ-лена кленом татарським (Acer Tataricum) та жимолостютатарською (Lonicera Tatarica). Зафіксовано зменшенняфункціональної частини приплакорної лісосмуги у верх-ній частині схилу на 82%, а лісосмуг у нижній частинісхилу на 56 та 59% відповідно. Оцінено життєздатністьта життєстійкість лісомеліоративних заходів за середнімбалом та встановлено відповідність проєктній доку-ментації лише двох лісосмуг, розташованих у середнійчастині схилу. Висновки. Оцінивши зміни лісомеліо-ративної складової частини протиерозійних заходів наприкладі робочої ділянки з контурно-меліоративноюорганізацією території, можна говорити про недостатнюїї захищеність від прояву водних ерозійних процесів. З метою запобігання змиву ґрунту на зазначеній тери-торії запропоновано провести доповнення або віднов-лення наявних лісомеліоративних заходів, організуватидодаткові агротехнічні й організаційно-господарські про-тиерозійні заходи.
Адаптивність та мінливість насіннєвої продуктивності сортозразків проса прутоподібного
Authors: Рожко І.І. , Кулик М.І. , Сиплива Н.О.
Published: September 2021

Мета. Вивчити та проаналізувати отримані резуль-тати наших досліджень щодо адаптивних власти-востей (посухостійкість, морозостійкість, стійкістьдо вилягання) сортозразків проса прутоподібного,їхній вплив на насіннєву продуктивність. Методи.Загальнонаукові та спеціальні: аналіз і узагальнення,польовий, лабораторний, статистичні. Результати.Згідно з поділом наявного сортименту проса прутопо-дібного науковці виокремлюють височинні та низинніекотипи. Із сортозразків проса прутоподібного, щобули обрані для вивчення, 18,0% – низовинні екотипи,82,0% – височинні екотипи. Сортозразки проса пру-топодібного за масою 1 000 насінин мають незначневаріювання у групі височинних екотипів – від 1,42 до1,98 г, а в низовинних екотипів крупність насіння вия-вилась значно меншою та змінювалася в межах від0,85 до 0,94 г. З-поміж сортозразків проса прутоподіб-ного, що досліджувалися, найбільш ваговите насіннямали: Санберст, Патфіндер, Шелтер (на рівні абобільше 1,80 г). Середнє значення за масою 1 000 насі-нин виявлено в сортів Кейв-ін-рок, Дакота, Картадж,Форестбург (1,42–1,66 г). За адаптивними особливос-тями встановлено, що всі сортозразки проса прутопо-дібного мають високу посухо- і морозостійкість – від4–5 балів (окрім сортів Аламо, Небраска і Канлоу,для них цей показник був на рівні або менше 2 балів),високу і середню стійкість до вилягання – від 4 до5 балів, окрім сортів Блеквелл, Патфіндер, Канлоу,Аламо – на рівні 3 балів. Визначено, що сортозразкипроса прутоподібного Кейв-ін-рок, Шелтер, Картадж,Форесбург, Блеквелл і Патфіндер належать до високо-врожайних (307,2–340,5 кг/га). Згідно з результатамикореляційно-регресійного аналізу визначено, що дов-жина і ширина волоті, вихід насіння з неї мають най-більший вплив на врожайність біомаси (відповідно r = 0,74, 0,77 і 0,85). Висновки. Усі сортозразкипроса прутоподібного походять зі СполученихШтатів Америки, вони зареєстровані в різні роки,наявні низовинні та височинні екотипи, що харак-теризуються різними адаптивними властивостями,значним варіюванням за масою 1 000 насінин – від0,85 до 1,98 г, насіннєвою врожайністю. Результатидосліджень засвідчують, що всі сортозразки проса пру-топодібного мають високу посухо- і морозостійкість,високу і середню стійкість до вилягання. Сортозразкипроса прутоподібного належать до високоврожайних(307,2–340,5 кг/га).
Market Orientation and Entrepreneurial Proclivity as Antecedents of Innovative Behaviour: Implications for Cocoa Farmers in Ghana
Authors: Tham-Agyekum Enoch Kwame , Kwarteng Joseph , Okorley Ernest Laryea , Nimoh Fred , Bakang John-Eudes
Published: September 2021

Despite the increasing importance of innovation in literature, there is no agreement about its antecedents. This clearly makes it difficult and risky for cocoa farmers to choose suitable strategies to adopt, develop and promote successful innovations to fit their farm situations. The research questions were aimed at assessing the level of the entrepreneurial proclivity of cocoa farmers, their level of market orientation, their level of innovative behavior, and the influence of entrepreneurial proclivity and market orientation on innovative behavior. Cocoa farmers were sampled from all the six Cocoa Regions in Ghana. In total, 370 cocoa farmers, who participated in the Farmer Business School, were sampled using the multi-stage sampling procedure. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation) and inferential statistics (multiple linear regression). The study showed evidence that market orientation and entrepreneurial proclivity can be considered as antecedents of innovation with the key factors being, customer emphasis, intelligence dissemination, and market responsiveness. The study recommends improved flexibility in the cocoa marketing system of Ghana giving attention to the systems of customer/export options available to cocoa farmers.
Bicyclist Stress Perceptions and Heart Rate Variability
Authors: Fitch Dillon
Published: September 2021

This paper describes the relationship between a physiological marker of stress (heart rate variability) and survey-based stress responses from a cross-over real-world bicycling experiment. The analysis shows that while heart rate variability was inversely associated with survey-based estimates of stress, large uncertainty in the relationship indicates carefully controlled experiments are still needed before we can be confident that bicyclist stress can be measured through heart rate variability.
Osteoporosis Preventive Behavior Among Female Healthcare Students in Da Nang, Vietnam
Authors: Nhien Dang Thi , Thuy Luu Thi , Sen Hoang Thi Ngoc , Ly Huynh Thi , Thuy Pham Thi
Published: September 2021

Background: Osteoporosis prevention at young ages is crucial to diminish the risk of the disease and its complication in later years of life. Having good osteoporosis knowledge and positive health belief may lead to better preventive behavior which then contributes to build and maintain bone health throughout life.

Objective: To investigate knowledge, health belief, and behavior of osteoporosis prevention among female healthcare students.

Methods: The descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in a public medical university in Da Nang of Vietnam. Four hundred participants were selected by applying the multistage sampling technique. Data were collected from May 2020 to June 2020 through the questionnaire that consists of 4 parts including the demographic data form, the osteoporosis knowledge assessment tool, the osteoporosis health belief scale, and the exercise and calcium behaviors scale. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation test.

Results: Participants had poor osteoporosis knowledge (mean [SD], 37.8 [16.0]; range, 0 - 75) and low preventive behavior (mean [SD], 5.7 [3.5]; range, 0 - 25). Osteoporosis health belief was found at a moderate level with a mean (SD) of 126.7 (12.9) (range, 84 - 187). There were positive significant correlations between knowledge and health belief, knowledge and behavior of osteoporosis prevention (P < .05).

Conclusions: Osteoporosis preventive behavior of female healthcare students was low. Osteoporosis education programs should be developed for female healthcare students to improve their knowledge and health belief that would then lead to their better preventive behavior.
COMPULSORY CHILDHOOD VACCINATION: THE EUROPEAN COURT OF HUMAN RIGHTS PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Bakošová Lucia
Published: September 2021

Vaccination of children is of particular importance not only for their parents, but also for Governments in upholding their obligations under international human rights instruments, such as the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights or the Convention on the Rights of the Child. In the last years, however, the amount of children vaccinated against life-threatening diseases is declining. One of the most frequent arguments against vaccination (especially in case of compulsory vaccination) is the interference with the right to private and family life and the freedom of thought, conscience and religion. The aim of this paper is to analyse the judgement of the European Court of Human Rights in the case of Vavřička and Others v. the Czech Republic and to highlight its relevance to Slovakia and international human rights law.
ELEKTRONIZÁCIA A DIGITALIZÁCIA AKO PROSTRIEDOK ODŇATIA PRÁVA NA SÚDNU OCHRANU – VYBRANÉ ASPEKTY
Authors: Filičko Vladimír , Sokol Michal
Published: September 2021

Autori sa v predloženom príspevku, na podklade komparatívnej analýzy dvoch recentných rozhodnutí Ústavného súdu Slovenskej republiky, venujú vybraným aspektom vplyvu elektronizácie na právo na súdnu ochranu. Uvedenú problematiku skúmajú v kontexte relatívne novej právnej úpravy upomínacieho konania, ktoré so sebou malo priniesť urýchlenie súdnych konaní a odbremenenie všeobecných súdov Slovenskej republiky od „jednoduchých sporov“. Autori hodnotia odlišný prístup Ústavného súdu Slovenskej republiky prezentovaný v dotknutých rozhodnutiach a na ich podklade ilustrujú prijateľnosť, resp. neprijateľnosť prijatých právnych záverov.
Transitional care programs to improve outcomes in patients with traumatic brain injury and their caregivers: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ganefianty Amelia , Songwathana Praneed , Nilmanat Kittikorn
Published: September 2021

Background: Effective nursing interventions for caring for patients with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury are still challenging during a transition from hospital to home. Since traumatic brain injury has deep-rooted sequelae, patients and their caregivers require better arrangement and information on the condition to achieve improved outcomes after discharge.
Objective: This study aimed to assess transitional care programs to improve outcomes of patients with traumatic brain injury and their caregivers.
Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed on studies retrieved from ProQuest, PubMed, Science Direct, CINAHL, and Google Scholar from January 2010 to July 2021. RevMan 5.4.1 software was used for meta-analysis.
Results: Nine studies were systematically selected from 1,137 studies. The standard approaches of interventions used in patients with traumatic brain injury and their caregivers were education, mentored problem-solving, home-and community-based rehabilitation, counseling, skill-building, and psychological support. We observed that there was significant evidence indicating beneficial effects of intervention in increasing the physical functioning of patients with traumatic brain injury (SMD = -0.44, 95% CI -0.60 to -0.28, p <0.001), reducing the psychological symptoms among caregivers (SMD = -0.42, 95% CI -0.59 to -0.24, p <0.001), and increasing the satisfaction (SMD = -0.35, 95% CI -0.60 to -0.11, p = 0.005).
Conclusion: Education, skill-building, and psychological support should be the main components in transitional care nursing programs for patients with traumatic brain injury and their caregivers.
Bradikinin-citokin vihar és patomechanizmusa igen súlyos Covid-19-fertőzésben
Authors: Székács Béla , Várbíró Szabolcs , Kékes Ede , Debreczeni Lóránd
Published: September 2021

A szerzők a súlyos, fékezhetetlen szisztémás gyulladásba, thromboticus folyamatokba torkolló Covid-19 patomechanizmusának hátterét, a fertőző koronavírus, a lokális celluláris-szöveti kontakt rendszer, a kinin-kallikrein és renin-angiotenzin rendszerek rendkívül komplex interakcióit tekintik át közleményükben. Kritikusan értékelik a súlyos Covid-19 hátterében a domináns bradikinin-citokin vihart fékező, lehetséges terápiás beavatkozásokat, amelyek támadáspontja a bradikininképződés mérséklése, bontásának elősegítése, a B2-receptor, vagy az indukált citokinválasz blokkolása.
Апробация требований к устройству «зеленых» крыш в городской застройке
Authors: ТЕЛИЧЕНКО Валерий Иванович , БЕНУЖ Андрей Александрович , МОЧАЛОВ Илья Валерьевич , БОГАЧЕВ Алексей Вячеславович
Published: September 2021

Статья посвящена проблеме создания условий комфортной среды жизнедеятельности и снижения антропогенных воздействий на окружающую среду в условиях плотной городской застройки за счет применения «зеленых» технологий с целью повышения экологической безопасности строительства и городского хозяйства. Одна из таких технологий - «зеленая» крыша. Обобщен опыт разработки отечественных проектов создания «зеленых» крыш в России и показаны возможности, которые позволит дать их реализация. Отечественная нормативная база в области озеленения крыш, и в целом «зеленого» строительства, пока комплексно неразвита в отличие от международного опыта и практики применения таких стандартов. Однако в России с каждым годом становится все больше проектов, которые популяризуют преимущества «зеленых» крыш и способствуют развитию новых «зеленых» технологий. Применяемые ранее стандарты были в основном зарубежными, а немногочисленные отечественные аналоги основаны на международной рейтинговой системе сертификации. Сделан вывод о том, что принятие первого национального стандарта по озеленению крыш - важный шаг на пути становления и развития технологии озеленения кровли в нашей стране. Обозначена важность дальнейшей разработки нормативных документов, содержащих требования, соответствующие передовому опыту «зеленого» строительства.
Ecological and economic fundamentals of agricultural sector development in the context of cross-border cooperation
Authors: Vysochanska M.
Published: September 2021

The article analyzes and substantiates the current state of Ukraine’s agricultural sector and cross-border cooperation with neighboring countries of the European Union. The main tasks and impact of cross-border cooperation are identified. A conceptual model for the development of cross-border cooperation in the agricultural sector has been formed, which will provide a sequence of assessments of the development of border areas on both sides of the border. The basic indicators for assessing the effectiveness of crossborder cooperation in environmental, economic and social development of Euroregions are determined, as well as their indicators are analyzed on the example of such border regions of Ukraine as Volyn, Zakarpattia, Ivano-Frankivsk, Lviv and Chernivtsi regions. The current state of Euroregions of Ukraine is characterized and recommendations are given to increase competitiveness, intensify economic activity of Euroregions, which are based on the periphery, forecasting the natural resource base of farms. It is proved that for effective development of ecological and economic bases of agrarian sector it is expedient to introduce economic tools on realization of export potential of agrarian sector of economy which will be combined among themselves on such aspects as institutional-regulatory, organizationaleconomic, production-technological and informationcommunication and will increase the functionality of preventive mechanisms to protect national and regional interests in border areas on both sides of the border and will form the preconditions for strengthening environmental, economic and foreign economic activity of cross-border and border regions.
Antagonism of Bacillus thuringiensis to phytopathogenic micromicetes as pathogens of apple trees
Authors: Sherstoboeva О. , Krzyhanivsky А. , Bunas А.
Published: September 2021

Antagonistic microorganisms, producing bactericidal and fungicidal substances, spread in space and occupy various ecological niches. Antagonistic action of microorganisms can be combined with a number of other properties that can be used by humans for their own purposes. Microorganisms — agents of biological products often have a multifunctional effect on the components of the agroecosystem, which under the influence of various environmental factors could have positive and negative consequences. The aim of the study was to study the effect of new highly active entomopathogenic strains of Bacillus thuringiensis on non-target objects — components of the biocenosis of the apple orchard. When developing technologies for biocontrol of the number of apple trees pests using B. thuringiensis revealed an additional positive protective effect — reducing the number of pathogens of fungal diseases on the leaf surface. Treatment of apple leaves with a liquid culture of strain B. thuringiensis 0376 after 72 hours of application reduced the number of scab of Fusicladium dendriticum by 7 times, and the pathogen of monolisis of Monilia fructigena — 9 times. Strain B. thuringiensis 0371 showed the highest level of antagonism, because in vitro completely inhibited the growth and development of micromycetes on the surface of the nutrient medium. On the leaf surface, the application of culture strain 0371 reduced the number of Fusicladium dendriticum by 92%, and Monilia fructigena — by 86% after 72 hours of treatment. In a field experiment when treating apple trees with a culture of this strain, scab development decreased by 7.1%. Strain B. thuringiensis 787 did not show antagonism against phytopathogenicmicromycetes during co-cultivation on nutrient medium, which may be explained by its inability to produce water-soluble exotoxin, in contrast to strains of B. thuringiensis, which are antagonists of scab and apple monolisis. Strain B. thuringiensis 0371 requires further research and development of its formulations, because it is promising for the creation of a complex biological product with insect-fungicidal properties for use in ecological and agriculture friendly technologies.
Organizational and economic mechanism of recreational tourism development in the context of European integration
Authors: Drebot O. , Babikova K.
Published: September 2021

The mechanisms of state regulation of the development of tourism and resorts in the Strategy for 2026 are analyzed. It is determined that the introduction and improvement of European culture in Ukraine will be ensured by European integration of norms and standards in tourism and education. Activation of the recreational potential of tourist activity should be carried out with the rational use of recreational resources, improving the provision of tourist services (improving the quality of services provided in hotels, transport infrastructure, the latest material and technical base).
It is determined that tourism has become a promising industry in international business, which has different areas of development, the resort industry, financial opportunities and tools, communication system, all these components are the key to the development of other sectors of the economy, creating new jobs related to the employment of the working population. Also, the main reasons for restraining the development of recreational tourism in Ukraine include low level of development of transport infrastructure, tourist infrastructure, insufficient capacity, high cost of accommodation and meals in hotel complexes, unfavorable conditions for business, low quality of tourist services, insufficient quantity qualified personnel.
It is established that European integration in the field of recreational tourism determines the relationship between enterprises or legal entities that provide tourism services, as well as provides long-term nature to integrated enterprises, which simplifies innovation, reduces tourism costs, limits competition and reduces risks of uncertainty in sales and providing tourist services.
It is proved that tourism is one of the main priorities of the state economy, which, in turn, implements an effective mechanism for tourism development, which includes components for the successful conduct of this business in Ukraine. The proposed components of the organizational and economic mechanism, namely: regulatory, organizational and managerial, financial and economic and information and analytical, will be able to ensure the sustainable development of recreational tourism in the future and give it a longterm character.
The construction of a spatial model for calculating the thermally stressed state of shallow shells on a rigid basis
Authors:   National Transport University, Marchuk Alexander , Levkivskiy Sergii ,   National Transport University, Gavrilenko Elena ,   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”
Published: September 2021

Modern calculations of layered plates and shells in a three-dimensional formulation are based on a technique where the distribution of the desired functions over the thickness of a structure is sought by the method of discrete orthogonalization. In this article, based on the approaches developed by the authors, the thermally stressed state of layered composite shallow shells with a rigidly fixed lower surface is analyzed. The distribution of the desired functions over the thickness of the structure is found based on the exact analytical solution of the system of differential equations. An approach to studying the thermally stressed state of layered composite shells is also considered, and a spatial model for calculating the thermally stressed state of shallow shells on a rigid basis is constructed. Currently, this is a very urgent task when calculating the pavement of bridges. A feature of this approach is the assignment of the desired functions to the outer surfaces of the layers, which allows one to break the layer into sublayers, reducing the approximation error to almost zero. To build a spatial model, a load option is selected with temperature loads (according to the sine law) and boundary conditions (Navier), which lead to the distribution of the desired functions in terms of a plate with trigonometric harmonics of the Fourier series. A polynomial approximation of the desired functions by thickness is involved. Using the model under consideration, an analysis of flat layered composite shells on a rigid basis under the influence of temperature load was carried out. The considered example showed that the proposed model provides sufficient accuracy in the calculations of layered shallow shells when considering each layer within one sublayer. When dividing each layer into 32, 64, 128 sublayers, almost the same result was obtained. The proposed approach can be used as a reference method for testing applied approaches in calculating the stress states of layered shallow composite shells.
Polygyny, Inequality, and Social Unrest
Authors: Krieger Tim , Renner Laura
Published: September 2021

This paper proposes three theoretical mechanisms through which polygyny may be related to social unrest. The mechanisms are related to different dimensions of grievance-inducing and, partly, greed-related inequality, which may occur in polygynous societies. These dimensions include (i) economic, reproductive and social inequality resulting in relative deprivation among non-elite men; (ii) inequality within elites when it comes to the distribution of resources and inheritance, both related to the relative position of dependent family members in a clan; and (iii) gender inequality in general. Using data for 41 African countries from 1990-2014, we provide evidence for these mechanisms and their relationship to social unrest. We find that the first and third dimension of inequality are especially correlated with social unrest. Furthermore, we consider several potential counterarguments but do not find support for them.
ATENDIMENTO AOS REQUISITOS DE DESEMPENHO DA NBR 15575 EM SISTEMAS DE VEDAÇÕES VERTICAIS
Authors: Nunes Lopes Aline , Braz Pires Jaciara , De Moraes Pinheiro Sayonara Maria , Paulino da Costa Junior Milton
Published: September 2021

O atendimento a norma de desempenho de edificações habitacionais é de grande importância, pois nela estão traduzidas as necessidades da sociedade brasileira no que se refere à aquisição de imóveis. Este trabalho tem por objetivo analisar a implementação da Norma de Desempenho - ABNT NBR 15575, em vigor em 2013 (parte 4 - Sistemas de vedações verticais internas e externas) em uma empresa construtora que possui um sistema de gestão da qualidade baseado no Programa Brasileiro de Qualidade e Produtividade do Habitat (PBQP-H). Foi desenvolvido um estudo de caso, dividido nas etapas: revisão bibliográfica, definição da amostragem, coleta de dados e análise de resultados. Os dados foram coletados através de entrevistas, análises documentais e observação com registros fotográficos do processo construtivo de vedação vertical externa em campo. Observou-se nos resultados que apesar da empresa ter conseguido atender a quase todos os requisitos da norma com o uso das Fichas de Avaliação de desempenho (FAD) e com a exigência dos relatórios de ensaios dos seus fornecedores, a vedação que a empresa executa na obra diverge em alguns pontos do que é estabelecido na documentação apresentada e analisada (FAD).
ÍNDICES-PADRÃO
Authors: Andrade de Lima Clarissa , Andrade de Lima Mauricio , Borges da Rosa Amerci , Francisco Mafra Raquel
Published: September 2021

O presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar o desempenho econômico-financeiro de hospitais privados de Florianópolis por meio de índices-padrão para o setor no período de 2017 a 2019. Diante disso, os procedimentos metodológicos adotados foram calcular os mesmos índices dos principais hospitais privados do município de Florianópolis, e comparar o desempenho destes com o desempenho do setor. O resultado da análise dos dados sugere que há uma ampla diferença entre os índices-padrão do setor hospitalar privado e os indicadores dos hospitais de Florianópolis para a maioria dos índices avaliados. No ano de 2015, a mensuração de uma nota global para o desempenho dos hospitais de Florianópolis apresentou uma classificação que foi conceituada como “Deficiente”. A partir da pesquisa, conclui-se que os resultados explicitam um cenário econômico-financeiro crítico em que há a possibilidade do comprometimento da sustentabilidade do setor hospitalar privado de Florianópolis.
Natural Childbirth Movement in Hungary
Authors: Kisdi Barbara
Published: September 2021

As the behavior science, preventive approach and health-oriented worldview gradually permeate the whole of medicine, transformations in obstetrics are occurring slowly all around the world. The technocratic character of the medical approach to obstetrics strives to keep the intrinsically natural process under total control of medicine, which has provoked the emergence of the critical movement known as the natural birth movement. However, this generic term is only used theoretically in Hungary because the movement is yet to develop a single base that would bring together its separate units. One of the most important units of the natural birth movement is the doulas community which, after twenty years of differentiation, is seeking possibilities for cooperation, joint action and representation of natural childbirth. In this article, I would like to discuss this process, which reachesbeyond its own frameworks – since it affects not merely the quality of obstetrics but also modern and post-modern definitions of health and disease, the system of power, gender roles, distribution of knowledge, the relationship between nature and technology, as well as the long-term problem of the quality of life within the society – significant questions not only for Hungary.
Diet Diversity Through the Life-Course as an Opportunity Toward Food Allergy Prevention
Authors: Spolidoro Giulia C. I. , Azzolino Domenico , Cesari Matteo , Agostoni Carlo
Published: September 2021

The prevalence of food allergies (FA) is increasing worldwide. Generally, the onset of allergies, including FA, begins in early childhood and may persist and/or develop through the life-course. Even though epidemiological studies have focused mainly on children, allergies can also occur for the first-time during adulthood. Within the prolongation of life, it is expected that allergies will be encountered more often even in older people. Recent findings suggest that an early exposure to diverse food antigens may promote the development of immune tolerance. Accordingly, diet diversity during the first year of life or even earlier may have a positive impact on the prevention of allergies. The anti-inflammatory properties of some dietary nutrients may positively contribute to a tolerogenic immune environment too. Diet diversity is associated with a more favorable microbiome, and increasing evidence suggests a promising role of gut microbiota manipulation in inducing immune tolerance. Unjustified avoidance of allergenic foods may expose to intakes of some nutrients below recommended levels through the life-course, even more in cases of self-diagnosis and treatment of presumed forms of food intolerance. Nutritional strategies including the early exposure to a variety of food antigens are a promising area of research for preventive purposes through the life-course possibly extending positive outcomes to older stages. The aim of this paper is to highlight the role of diet diversity in preventing the development of FA starting in early life, as well as to provide an overview of the main strategies to prevent related nutritional issues throughout the life-course.
Actuating the European Energy System Transition: Indicators for Translating Energy Systems Modelling Results into Policy-Making
Authors: Lehtveer Mariliis , Göransson Lisa , Heinisch Verena , Johnsson Filip , Karlsson Ida , Nyholm Emil , Odenberger Mikael , Romanchenko Dmytro , Rootzén Johan , Savvidou Georgia , Taljegard Maria , Toktarova Alla , Ullmark Jonathan , Vilén Karl , Walter Viktor
Published: September 2021

In this paper, we define indicators, with a focus on the electricity sector, that translate the results of energy systems modelling to quantitative entities that can facilitate assessments of the transitions required to meet stringent climate targets. Such indicators, which are often overlooked in model scenario presentations, can be applied to make the modelling results more accessible and are useful for managing the transition on the policy level, as well as for internal evaluations of modelling results. We propose a set of 13 indicators related to: 1) the resource and material usages in modelled energy system designs; 2) the rates of transition from current to future energy systems; and 3) the energy security in energy system modelling results. To illustrate its value, the proposed set of indicators is applied to energy system scenarios derived from an electricity system investment model for Northern Europe. We show that the proposed indicators are useful for facilitating discussions, raising new questions, and relating the modelling results to Sustainable Development Goals and thus facilitate better policy processes. The indicators presented here should not be seen as a complete set, but rather as examples. Therefore, this paper represents a starting point and a call to other modellers to expand and refine the list of indicators.
The LCOE Evolution and Grid Parity Analysis of Centralized Solar Photovoltaic: A Case Study of Ningxia, China
Authors: Mu Lingling , Gu Yidan , Guo Yafeng , Liu Ping
Published: September 2021

Achieving grid parity in 2021 is the goal of China’s photovoltaic development, which is not only on the user side but also on the generation side. Relevant studies indicated that distributed PV has realized grid parity basically in China, while centralized PV, which belongs to the generation side, still has some difficulties in achieving grid parity. Therefore, this paper takes Ningxia Province, which is abundant in solar resources, as the research object and compares LCOE with the traditional coal-fired price to analyze the situation of grid parity of the Pingluo project. It is found that this project cannot reach the goal of grid parity. Then, the future evolution of the local LCOE is analyzed, so as to determine the time of grid parity of Ningxia’s centralized PV power stations. In the calculation of LCOE, the presence and absence of environmental benefits and the general and optimistic forecast of cumulative installed capacity are combined into four scenarios. The results show that the centralized PV in Ningxia cannot achieve grid parity in 2021 under the four scenarios. However, in addition to the scenario that there are no environmental benefits and the cumulative installed capacity is generally forecasted and will reach grid parity of the generation side in 2023, the other three situations can achieve the goal in 2022. Moreover, the LCOE value is the lowest under the scenario of considering environmental benefits and the optimistic forecast of future installed capacity.
Diversity Scaling of Human Digestive Tract (DT) Microbiomes: The Intra-DT and Inter-individual Patterns
Authors: Chen Hongju (Daisy) , Yi Bin , Liu Qiang , Xu Xia , Dai Lin , Ma Zhanshan (Sam)
Published: September 2021

The human gut microbiome has been extensively studied, but its diversity scaling (changes or heterogeneities) along the digestive tract (DT) as well as their inter-individual heterogeneities have not been adequately addressed to the best of our knowledge. Here we fill the gap by applying the diversity-area relationship (DAR), a recent extension to the classic species-area relationship (SAR) in biogeography, by reanalyzing a dataset of over 2000 16s-rRNA microbiome samples obtained from 10 DT sites of over 200 individuals. We sketched out the biogeography “maps” for each of the 10 DT sites by cross-individual DAR analysis, and the intra-DT distribution pattern by cross-DT-site DAR analysis. Regarding the inter-individual biogeography, it was found that all DT sites have the invariant (constant) scaling parameter—all sites possessing the same diversity change rate across individuals, but most sites have different potential diversities, which include the portions of diversity that may be absent locally but present regionally. In the case of this study, the potential diversity of each DT site covers the total diversity of the respective site from all individuals in the cohort. In terms of the genus richness, an average individual hosts approximately 20% of the population-level genus richness (total bacterial genus of a human population). In contrast, in terms of community biodiversity, the percentages of individual over population may exceed 90%. This suggests that the differences between individuals in their DT microbiomes are predominantly in the composition of bacterial species, rather than how their abundances are distributed (i.e., biodiversity). Regarding the intra-DT patterns, the scaling parameter (z) is larger—suggesting that the intra-DT biodiversity changes are larger than inter-individual changes. The higher intra-DT heterogeneity of bacteria diversity, as suggested by larger intra-DT z than the inter-individual heterogeneity, should be expected since the intra-DT heterogeneity reflects the functional differentiations of the DT tract, while the inter-individual heterogeneity (z) reflects the difference of the same DT site across individuals. On average, each DT site contains 21–36% of the genus diversity of the whole DT, and the percentages are even higher in terms of higher taxon levels.