bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Transcriptome analysis reveals differential transcription in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) following inoculation with Ralstonia solanacearum
Authors: Chen Na , Shao Qin , Lu Qineng , Li Xiaopeng , Gao Yang
Published: December 2022

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is a major Solanaceae crop worldwide and is vulnerable to bacterial wilt (BW) caused by Ralstonia solanacearum during the production process. BW has become a growing concern that could enormously deplete the tomato yield from 50 to 100% and decrease the quality. Research on the molecular mechanism of tomato regulating BW resistance is still limited. In this study, two tomato inbred lines (Hm 2–2, resistant to BW; and BY 1–2, susceptible to BW) were used to explore the molecular mechanism of tomato in response to R. solanacearum infection by RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) technology. We identified 1923 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between Hm 2–2 and BY 1–2 after R. solanacearum inoculation. Among these DEGs, 828 were up-regulated while 1095 were down-regulated in R-3dpi (Hm 2–2 at 3 days post-inoculation with R. solanacearum) vs. R-mock (mock-inoculated Hm 2–2); 1087 and 2187 were up- and down-regulated, respectively, in S-3dpi (BY 1–2 at 3 days post-inoculation with R. solanacearum) vs. S-mock (mock-inoculated BY 1–2). Moreover, Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis revealed that the largest amount of DEGs were annotated with the Biological Process terms, followed by Cellular Component and Molecular Function terms. A total of 114, 124, 85, and 89 regulated (or altered) pathways were identified in R-3dpi vs. R-mock, S-3dpi vs. S-mock, R-mock vs. S-mock, and R-3dpi vs. S-3dpi comparisons, respectively, by Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis. These clarified the molecular function and resistance pathways of DEGs. Furthermore, quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis confirmed the expression patterns of eight randomly selected DEGs, which suggested that the RNA-seq results were reliable. Subsequently, in order to further verify the reliability of the transcriptome data and the accuracy of qRT-PCR results, WRKY75, one of the eight DEGs was silenced by virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) and the defense response of plants to R. solanacearum infection was analyzed. In conclusion, the findings of this study provide profound insight into the potential mechanism of tomato in response to R. solanacearum infection, which lays an important foundation for future studies on BW.
Effect of congestion avoidance due to congestion information provision on optimizing agent dynamics on an endogenous star network topology
Authors: Tsuzuki Satori , Yanagisawa Daichi , Nishinari Katsuhiro
Published: December 2022

This study elucidates the effect of congestion avoidance of agents given congestion information on optimizing traffic in a star topology in which the central node is connected to isolated secondary nodes with different preferences. Each agent at the central node stochastically selects a secondary node by referring to the declining preferences based on the congestion rate of the secondary nodes. We investigated two scenarios: (1) repeated visits and (2) a single visit for each node. For (1), we found that multivariate statistics describe well the nonlinear dependence of agent distribution on the number of secondaries, demonstrating the existence of the number of secondaries that makes the distribution the most uniform. For (2), we discovered that congestion avoidance linearizes the travel time for all agents visiting all nodes; in contrast, the travel time increases exponentially with secondaries when not referring to congestion information. Health examination epitomizes this finding; by allowing patients to be preferentially selected for examination in vacant examination sites, we can linearize the time it takes for everyone to complete their examination. We successfully described the optimization effect of congestion avoidance on the collective dynamics of agents in star topologies.
Fe3O4@Glycerol-Cu as a novel heterogeneous magnetic nanocatalyst for the green synthesis of 2-amino-4H-chromenes
Authors: Poursattar Marjani Ahmad , Asadzadeh Fatemeh , Danandeh Asl Aria
Published: December 2022

In the present study, the Fe3O4@Glycerol-Cu complex supported magnetically as a nanoparticle was prepared by grafting. Firstly, Fe3O4 NPs were synthesized by FeCl3.6H2O and FeCl2.4H2O according to the reported method, and subsequently, the prepared MNP with 3-chloropropyltrimethoxysilane. After that, the support-glycerol was functionalized on the surface of MNP-(CH2)3Cl for graft and stabilization of copper metal. Our purpose is to use the Fe3O4@Glycerol-Cu as a green, recoverable, novel, and affordable nanocatalyst in the effective synthesis of 2-amino-4H-chromenes. FT-IR, XRD, TGA, BET, VSM, TEM, and SEM–EDX techniques were examined to characterize this nanocatalyst. This result demonstrates that copper and organic compounds have appropriately reacted, with the support of MNP-(CH2)3Cl, and the crystalline structure have preserved in the MNP-(CH2)3Cl/Glycerol-Cu nanocatalyst confirmed the formation of the base Cu complex grafted on the surface of the nanoparticles. Finally, as can be seen, the nanoparticle size is 5–15 nm. This heterogeneous nanocatalyst illustrated excellent recyclable behavior, and can be used several times without notable reduction of its activity.
Venom composition and pain-causing toxins of the Australian great carpenter bee Xylocopa aruana
Authors: Shi Naiqi , Szanto Tibor G. , He Jia , Schroeder Christina I. , Walker Andrew A. , Deuis Jennifer R. , Vetter Irina , Panyi György , King Glenn F. , Robinson Samuel D.
Published: December 2022

Most species of bee are capable of delivering a defensive sting which is often painful. A solitary lifestyle is the ancestral state of bees and most extant species are solitary, but information on bee venoms comes predominantly from studies on eusocial species. In this study we investigated the venom composition of the Australian great carpenter bee, Xylocopa aruana Ritsema, 1876. We show that the venom is relatively simple, composed mainly of one small amphipathic peptide (XYTX1-Xa1a), with lesser amounts of an apamin homologue (XYTX2-Xa2a) and a venom phospholipase-A2 (PLA2). XYTX1-Xa1a is homologous to, and shares a similar mode-of-action to melittin and the bombilitins, the major components of the venoms of the eusocial Apis mellifera (Western honeybee) and Bombus spp. (bumblebee), respectively. XYTX1-Xa1a and melittin directly activate mammalian sensory neurons and cause spontaneous pain behaviours in vivo, effects which are potentiated in the presence of venom PLA2. The apamin-like peptide XYTX2-Xa2a was a relatively weak blocker of small conductance calcium-activated potassium (KCa) channels and, like A. mellifera apamin and mast cell-degranulating peptide, did not contribute to pain behaviours in mice. While the composition and mode-of-action of the venom of X. aruana are similar to that of A. mellifera, the greater potency, on mammalian sensory neurons, of the major pain-causing component in A. mellifera venom may represent an adaptation to the distinct defensive pressures on eusocial Apidae.
Deep learning-enabled Inference of 3D molecular absorption distribution of biological cells from IR spectra
Authors: Magnussen Eirik Almklov , Zimmermann Boris , Blazhko Uladzislau , Dzurendova Simona , Dupuy–Galet Benjamin , Byrtusova Dana , Muthreich Florian , Tafintseva Valeria , Liland Kristian Hovde , Tøndel Kristin , Shapaval Volha , Kohler Achim
Published: December 2022

Infrared spectroscopy delivers abundant information about the chemical composition, as well as the structural and optical properties of intact samples in a non-destructive manner. We present a deep convolutional neural network which exploits all of this information and solves full-wave inverse scattering problems and thereby obtains the 3D optical, structural and chemical properties from infrared spectroscopic measurements of intact micro-samples. The proposed model encodes scatter-distorted infrared spectra and infers the distribution of the complex refractive index function of concentrically spherical samples, such as many biological cells. The approach delivers simultaneously the molecular absorption, sample morphology and effective refractive index in both the cell wall and interior from a single measured spectrum. The model is trained on simulated scatter-distorted spectra, where absorption in the distinct layers is simulated and the scatter-distorted spectra are estimated by analytic solutions of Maxwell’s equations for samples of different sizes. This allows for essentially real-time deep learning-enabled infrared diffraction micro-tomography, for a large subset of biological cells.
Reduced thermal expansion by surface-mounted nanoparticles in a pillared-layered metal-organic framework
Authors: Berger Jan , Dönmez Alper-Sedat , Ullrich Aladin , Bunzen Hana , Fischer Roland A. , Kieslich Gregor
Published: December 2022

Control of thermal expansion (TE) is important to improve material longevity in applications with repeated temperature changes or fluctuations. The TE behavior of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) is increasingly well understood, while the impact of surface-mounted nanoparticles (NPs) on the TE properties of MOFs remains unexplored despite large promises of NP@MOF composites in catalysis and adsorbate diffusion control. Here we study the influence of surface-mounted platinum nanoparticles on the TE properties of Pt@MOF (Pt@Zn2(DP-bdc)2dabco; DP-bdc2-=2,5-dipropoxy-1,4-benzenedicarboxylate, dabco=1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane). We show that TE is largely retained at low platinum loadings, while high loading results in significantly reduced TE at higher temperatures compared to the pure MOF. These findings support the chemical intuition that surface-mounted particles restrict deformation of the MOF support and suggest that composite materials exhibit superior TE properties thereby excluding thermal stress as limiting factor for their potential application in temperature swing processes or catalysis.
Precipitation in eastern China over the past millennium varied with large-scale climate patterns
Authors: Wang Mengyu , Hu Chaoyong , Liu Yuhui , Li Lianlian , Xie Shucheng , Johnson Kathleen
Published: December 2022

Modern precipitation variability over East China is known to be characterized by meridional tripole and dipole structures, linked to atmosphere and ocean dynamics. As the instrumental data may be influenced by anthropogenic global warming, it is unclear whether the physical mechanism underlying the tripole and dipole pattern have remained constant since the pre-industrial period. Here we investigate spatiotemporal precipitation variability over the past 1150 years using three high-resolution stalagmite δ18O records from southern, central and northern China. Principal component analysis results suggest that the first principal component, reflecting large-scale Asian monsoon strength, is closely linked to solar variability. The second and third principal components, which reflect rainfall, reveal tripole and dipole patterns that persist over the last millennium and are driven by the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) and Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO). We find that interactions between the monsoon, PDO, and AMO influence spatiotemporal rainfall patterns in East China.
Strength and variability of the Oligocene Southern Ocean surface temperature gradient
Authors: Hoem Frida S. , Sauermilch Isabel , Aleksinski Adam K. , Huber Matthew , Peterse Francien , Sangiorgi Francesca , Bijl Peter K.
Published: December 2022

Large Oligocene Antarctic ice sheets co-existed with warm proximal waters offshore Wilkes Land. Here we provide a broader Southern Ocean perspective to such warmth by reconstructing the strength and variability of the Oligocene Australian-Antarctic latitudinal sea surface temperature gradient. Our Oligocene TEX86-based sea surface temperature record from offshore southern Australia shows temperate (20–29 °C) conditions throughout, despite northward tectonic drift. A persistent sea surface temperature gradient (~5–10 °C) exists between Australia and Antarctica, which increases during glacial intervals. The sea surface temperature gradient increases from ~26 Ma, due to Antarctic-proximal cooling. Meanwhile, benthic foraminiferal oxygen isotope decline indicates ice loss/deep-sea warming. These contrasting patterns are difficult to explain by greenhouse gas forcing alone. Timing of the sea surface temperature cooling coincides with deepening of Drake Passage and matches results of ocean model experiments that demonstrate that Drake Passage opening cools Antarctic proximal waters. We conclude that Drake Passage deepening cooled Antarctic coasts which enhanced thermal isolation of Antarctica.
Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-7 (IGFBP7) links senescence to heart failure
Authors: Zhang Liyong , Smyth David , Al-Khalaf Mohammad , Blet Alice , Du Qiujiang , Bernick Jordan , Gong Michael , Chi Xu , Oh Yena , Roba-Oshin Malaika , Coletta Elizabeth , Feletou Michel , Gramolini Anthony O. , Kim Kyoung-Han , Coutinho Thais , Januzzi James L. , Tyl Benoit , Ziegler Andre , Liu Peter P.
Published: December 2022

Heart failure (HF) is a rising global cardiovascular epidemic driven by aging and chronic inflammation. As elderly populations continue to increase, precision treatments for age-related cardiac decline are urgently needed. Here we report that cardiac and blood expression of IGFBP7 is robustly increased in patients with chronic HF and in an HF mouse model. In a pressure overload mouse HF model, Igfbp7 deficiency attenuated cardiac dysfunction by reducing cardiac inflammatory injury, tissue fibrosis and cellular senescence. IGFBP7 promoted cardiac senescence by stimulating IGF-1R/IRS/AKT-dependent suppression of FOXO3a, preventing DNA repair and reactive oxygen species (ROS) detoxification, thereby accelerating the progression of HF. In vivo, AAV9-shRNA-mediated cardiac myocyte Igfbp7 knockdown indicated that myocardial IGFBP7 directly regulates pathological cardiac remodeling. Moreover, antibody-mediated IGFBP7 neutralization in vivo reversed IGFBP7-induced suppression of FOXO3a, restored DNA repair and ROS detoxification signals and attenuated pressure-overload-induced HF in mice. Consequently, selectively targeting IGFBP7-regulated senescence pathways may have broad therapeutic potential for HF.
Synergistic effects of arginine–glycine–aspartic acid and phosphatidylserine on the surface immunomodulation and osseointegration of titanium implants
Authors: Wu Lele , Seon Gyeung Mi , Ju Sungwon , Choi Sang Hoon , Jiang En-Shi , Kim Yongjoon , Chung Shin Hye , Ahn Jin-Soo , Yang Hyeong-Cheol
Published: December 2022

Biomimetic immunomodulation and osseointegration of implant surface grafted with arginine–glycine–aspartic acid and phosphatidylserine.
Seeded growth of gold-based nanoscale homojunctions via controlled etching regrowth and their applications for methanol oxidation reaction
Authors: Wu Quansen , Zhang Gongguo , Wang Yingying , Jiao Yaqi , Ma Yanyun , Zheng Yiqun
Published: December 2022

Gold-based nanoscale homojunctions are prepared via seeded growth mediated with controlled etching regrowth, exhibiting improved electrochemical activity for MOR.
Enhancement of electronic effects at a biomolecule–inorganic interface by multivalent interactions
Authors: Kramer Naomi , Sivron Ido , Le Saux Guillaume , Mendieta-Moreno Jesús I. , Ashkenasy Nurit
Published: December 2022

The multivalency of basic peptides influences the level of binding to indium tin oxide (ITO) and the extent of reduction of the work function, paving the way for amelioration of the performance of optoelectronic devices by using sustainable coatings.
How do density functionals affect the Hirshfeld atom refinement?
Authors: Landeros-Rivera Bruno , Ramírez-Palma David , Cortés-Guzmán Fernando , Dominiak Paulina M. , Contreras-García Julia
Published: December 2022

The X–H bonds obtained from Hirshfeld atom refinements elongate with Hartree–Fock exchange in contrast to geometry optimizations. These results suggest new venues in benchmarking density functionals with respect to experimental crystallographic data.
Tris(dialkylamino)cyclopropenium dialkylphosphate ionic liquids as lubricants
Authors: Curnow Owen J. , Senthooran Rathiga , Somers Anthony E.
Published: December 2022

Ionic liquids with cyclopropenium cations containing six large alkyl groups are found to provide excellent lubrication properties when combined with a large dialkylphosphate in steel-on-steel pin-on-disc testing.
Effect of electronic structure of energy transfer in bimetallic Ru(ii)/Os(ii) complexes
Authors: Dai Weijun , Yu Shiwen , Kong Ci , Zhao Defang , He Chixian , Liu Zining , Dong Jianwei , Liu Jian-Jun , Cheng Feixiang
Published: December 2022

Asymmetric Os(ii)/Ru(ii) dinuclear complexes exhibit photo-induced intramolecular energy transfer from the Ru-based higher-energy 3MLCT state to that of the Os-based unit at lower energy.
Chemical characterization of aerosols in the South Asian outflow over the northern Indian Ocean: latitudinal gradients and ultrafine particle events
Authors: Nair Vijayakumar S. , Babu S. Suresh , Kompalli Sobhan Kumar , Jayachandran V. , Ajith T. C. , Gogoi Mukunda M.
Published: December 2022

Changes in the chemical properties of aerosols in the South Asian outflow to the northern Indian Ocean during winter are examined. The mass loading of organic aerosols increase during ultrafine particle events and decrease rapidly with distance from the coast.
A submersible probe with in-line calibration and a symmetrical reference element for continuous direct nitrate concentration measurements
Authors: Forrest Tara , Cherubini Thomas , Jeanneret Stéphane , Zdrachek Elena , Damala Polyxeni , Bakker Eric
Published: December 2022

A new autonomous, pre-programmable nitrate ion-selective submersible probe with a drift correction protocol, in-line calibration and a new reference system gives direct access to concentration and not activity.
A novel approach to sample preparation for the analysis of Sb isotope ratios in natural water by MC-ICP-MS
Authors: Xia Yi , Deng Qianwen , Sun Guangyi , Wu Yunjie , Qiao Shengying , Ali Jamshed , Fu Xuewu , Feng Xinbin
Published: December 2022

We have developed an innovative method for digestion, preconcentration, and purification of Sb in water samples for Sb isotope analysis. This study provides a useful tool for supporting research aiming to mitigate Sb pollution in aquatic ecosystems.
Asymmetric {Dy4} metallogrid and double-layered {Dy8} cage clusters from carboxylic decorated o-vanillin Schiff bases: syntheses, topological variation, and single molecule magnet behaviors
Authors: Wang Yi-Han , Qin Yu , Tang Shen , Teng Qing-Hu , Zhu Meng-Meng , Peng Song , Wang Kai , Liang Fu-Pei
Published: December 2022

Two carboxylic decorated o-vanillin Schiff base ligands, which only differ in the positions of Cl-substituents, have realized the construction of an asymmetric {Dy4} metallogrid and a double-layered {Dy8} cage SMMs, respectively.
Hydrophobically modified mesoporous silica supported Pt as a dual-function adsorbent buffer-catalyst for toluene removal under low-temperature
Authors: Zhou Mu , Li Shuangde , Chai Shaohua , Wang Tao , Nie Linfeng , Chen Yunfa
Published: December 2022

High performance hydrophobic Pt/SiO2 as an adsorbent buffer catalyst for toluene removal.
High proton conductivity modulated by active protons in 1D ultra-stable metal–organic coordination polymers: a new insight into the coordination interaction/ability of metal ions
Authors: Liang Xiaoqiang , Wang Sen , Zhang Siqing , Lin Chenyang , Xie Fengxia , Li Renzhong , Zhang Feng , Wen Chen , Feng Lei , Wan Chengan
Published: December 2022

One-dimensional metal–organic coordination polymers show high proton conductivities and excellent stabilities, mainly attributable to the coordination interactions/abilities of metal ions.
Dual-core–shell structure B@LiF@AP with multi-effect synergies to improve processibility and energy release characteristics of B
Authors: Wang Deqi , Liu Jie , Tan Tianyu , Liu Shishuo , Xu Guozhen , Zhang Zhimiao , Qin Yang , Li Fengsheng
Published: December 2022

A dual-core–shell structure, B@LiF@AP, B embedded with LiF as core and AP as shell, with multi-effect synergies, has been designed and successfully prepared to improve processibility, ignition and combustion of B.
A new automated synthesis of a coke-resistant Cs-promoted Ni-supported nanocatalyst for sustainable dry reforming of methane
Authors: Oh Kyung Hee , Lee Jin Hee , Kim Kwangsoo , Lee Hack-Keun , Kang Shin Wook , Yang Jung-Il , Park Jong-Ho , Hong Chang Seop , Kim Byung-Hyun , Park Ji Chan
Published: December 2022

A uniform Cs-promoted Ni/Al2O3nanocatalyst prepared by using a reliable automatic system shows extremely high productivity as well as good stability and coke resistance. The improved stability with doped Cs was elucidated by computational studies.
A topological chemical transition strategy of bismuth-based materials for high-efficiency electrocatalytic carbon dioxide conversion to formate
Authors: Ye Runze , Tong Yun , Feng Dongmei , Chen Pengzuo
Published: December 2022

A novel topological chemical transition strategy is developedto rationally design Bi2O2SO4 as a new representative of Bi-based electrocatalysts for ERCO2. It shows superior catalytic activity and stability benefiting from multiple advantages.
High-efficiency overall alkaline seawater splitting: using a nickel–iron sulfide nanosheet array as a bifunctional electrocatalyst
Authors: Chen Jie , Zhang Longcheng , Li Jun , He Xun , Zheng Yinyuan , Sun Shengjun , Fang Xiaodong , Zheng Dongdong , Luo Yongsong , Wang Yan , Zhang Jing , Xie Lisi , Cai Zhengwei , Sun Yuntong , Alshehri Abdulmohsen Ali , Kong Qingquan , Tang Chengwu , Sun Xuping
Published: December 2022

NiFeS nanosheet array on Ni foam (NiFeS/NF) behaves as a superb bifunctional electrocatalyst for overall seawater splitting, attaining a commercially demanded current density of 500 mA cm−2at a low cell voltage of 1.85 V with robust stability.
Non-conjugated triarylamine-based intrinsic microporous polyamides for an electrochromic supercapacitor: diffusion dynamics and charge–discharge studies
Authors: Shao Yu-Jen , Yen Tzu-Chieh , Hu Chien-Chieh , Liou Guey-Sheng
Published: December 2022

Solution-processable non-conjugated triarylamine-based polyamides with intrinsic microporous structure have been designed to investigate the diffusivity and the charge–discharge ability with distinct two-stage color changes to visualize the capacity.
Investigation of the role of pH and the stoichiometry of the N-dopant in the luminescence, composition and synthesis yield of carbon dots
Authors: Crista Diana , Algarra Manuel , Martínez de Yuso Maria Valle , Esteves da Silva Joaquim C. G. , Pinto da Silva Luís
Published: December 2022

No correlation between N-dopant's stoichiometry and luminescence of carbon dots was found, while different nanoparticles were found at different pH values.
Mesogenic [Rh(L)4](A) complexes form mesophases with RhI⋯RhI-containing and triphenylene-discotic segregated columns. Effect of RhI⋯RhIinteractions and A−= [Au(CN)2]−on hole mobility
Authors: Conejo-Rodríguez Verónica , Donnio Bertrand , Heinrich Benoît , Termine Roberto , Golemme Attilio , Espinet Pablo
Published: December 2022

[Rh(CNAr)4](A) complexes of polyalkoxytriphenylene-arylisocyanide ligands form deeply coloured mesophases with segregated triphenylene/metal-complex columns at −9–169 °C with hole mobility 2 to 4 orders of magnitude higher than organic triphenylenes.
Ultrahigh overall-performance phase-change memory by yttrium dragging
Authors: Liu Bin , Li Kaiqi , Zhou Jian , Wu Liangcai , Song Zhitang , Zhao Weisheng , Elliott Stephen R. , Sun Zhimei
Published: December 2022

Benefiting from the dragging effect of yttrium, an ultrahigh overall-performance phase-change memory is reported, including low resistance drift, high data retention, low power consumption, fast operating speed, and good cycling endurance.
Self-crystallization mechanism of CsPb(Cl/Br)3 in tellurite glass-ceramics controlled by phase separation
Authors: Fu Siyuan , Li Panpan , Duan Yongmin , Liu Xiaoqing , Xu Shiqing , Zhang Junjie
Published: December 2022

Self-crystallized CsPb(Cl/Br)3 PeQDs with tunable spectra from 414 nm to 522 nm were synthesized in tellurite glass-ceramics by liquid/liquid phase separation.
Structural functionality of skeletal muscle mitochondria and its correlation with metabolic diseases
Authors: Swalsingh Gourabamani , Pani Punyadhara , Bal Naresh C.
Published: December 2022

The skeletal muscle is one of the largest organs in the mammalian body. Its remarkable ability to swiftly shift its substrate selection allows other organs like the brain to choose their preferred substrate first. Healthy skeletal muscle has a high level of metabolic flexibility, which is reduced in several metabolic diseases, including obesity and Type 2 diabetes (T2D). Skeletal muscle health is highly dependent on optimally functioning mitochondria that exist in a highly integrated network with the sarcoplasmic reticulum and sarcolemma. The three major mitochondrial processes: biogenesis, dynamics, and mitophagy, taken together, determine the quality of the mitochondrial network in the muscle. Since muscle health is primarily dependent on mitochondrial status, the mitochondrial processes are very tightly regulated in the skeletal muscle via transcription factors like peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors, estrogen-related receptors, nuclear respiratory factor, and Transcription factor A, mitochondrial. Physiological stimuli that enhance muscle energy expenditure, like cold and exercise, also promote a healthy mitochondrial phenotype and muscle health. In contrast, conditions like metabolic disorders, muscle dystrophies, and aging impair the mitochondrial phenotype, which is associated with poor muscle health. Further, exercise training is known to improve muscle health in aged individuals or during the early stages of metabolic disorders. This might suggest that conditions enhancing mitochondrial health can promote muscle health. Therefore, in this review, we take a critical overview of current knowledge about skeletal muscle mitochondria and the regulation of their quality. Also, we have discussed the molecular derailments that happen during various pathophysiological conditions and whether it is an effect or a cause.
A sub-Neptune planet around TOI-1695 discovered and characterized with SPIRou and TESS
Authors: Kiefer F. , Hébrard G. , Martioli E. , Artigau E. , Doyon R. , Donati J.-F. , Cadieux C. , Carmona A. , Ciardi D. R. , Cristofari P. I. , de Almeida L. , Figueira P. , Gaidos E. , Gonzales E. , Lecavelier Des Etangs A. , Stassun K. G. , Arnold L. , Benneke B. , Boisse I. , Bonfils X. , Cook N. J. , Cortés-Zuleta P. , Delfosse X. , do Nascimento J. Dias , Fausnaugh M. , Fong W. , Fouqué P. , Forveille T. , Gomes da Silva J. , Hesse K. , Kóspál Á. , Lewis H. , Liu C.-F. , Martins J. H. C. , Paegert M. , Seager S. , Shang H. , Twicken J. D. , Vandal T. , Vinatier S. , Widemann T. , Winn J. N.
Published: December 2022

TOI-1695 is a V-mag = 13 M-dwarf star from the northern hemisphere at 45 pc from the Sun, around which a 3.134-day periodic transit signal from a super-Earth candidate was identified in TESS photometry. With a transit depth of 1.3 mmag, the radius of candidate TOI-1695.01 was estimated by the TESS pipeline to be 1.82 R⊕ with an equilibrium temperature of ~620 K. We successfully detected a reflex motion of the star and establish that it is due to a planetary companion at an orbital period consistent with the photometric transit period, thanks to a year-long radial-velocity monitoring of TOI-1695 by the SPIRou infrared spectropolarimeter. We used and compared different methods to reduce and analyze those data. We report a 5.5σ detection of the planetary signal, giving a mass of 5.5±1.0 M⊕ and a radius of 2.03±0.18 R⊕. We derive a mean equilibrium planet temperature of 590±90 K. The mean density of this small planet of 3.6±1.1 g cm−3 is similar (1.7σ lower) than that of the Earth. It leads to a nonnegligible fraction of volatiles in its atmosphere with fH,He = 0.28−0.23+0.46% or fwater = 23±12%. TOI-1695 b is a new sub-Neptune planet at the border of the M-dwarf radius valley that can help test formation scenarios for super-Earth and sub-Neptune-like planets.
First detection of CHD2OH towards pre-stellar cores
Authors: Lin Y. , Spezzano S. , Caselli P.
Published: December 2022

The inheritance of material across the star and planet formation process is traced by deuterium fractionation. We report here the first detection of doubly deuterated methanol towards pre-stellar cores. We study the deuterium fractionation of methanol, CH3OH, towards two starless and two pre-stellar cores. We derive a D/H ratio of 0.8–1.9% with CH2DOH in pre-stellar cores H-MM1 and L694-2, consistent with measurements in more evolved Class 0/I objects and comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, suggesting a direct chemical link arising in the pre-stellar stage. Furthermore, the column density ratios of CHD2OH/CH2DOH are ∼50–80%, as consistently high as towards Class 0/I objects, indicating an efficient formation mechanism of CHD2OH, possibly through H atom additions to D2CO. The CH2DOH/CH3OH and CHD2OH/CH3OH column density ratios in the two pre-stellar cores are larger than that in the two starless cores B68 and L1521E, representing an evolutionary trend of methanol deuteration in early-stage cores.
Gradient Flow: Perturbative and Non-Perturbative Renormalization
Authors: Shindler Andrea
Published: December 2022

We review the gradient flow for gauge and fermion fields and its applications to lattice gauge theory computations. Using specific examples, we discuss the interplay between perturbative and non-perturbative calculations in the context of renormalization with the gradient flow.
Interplay of nuclear physics, effective field theories, phenomenology, and lattice QCD in neutrino physics
Authors: Hoferichter Martin
Published: December 2022

Experiments in neutrino physics cover a wide range—from deep inelastic scattering, over long base-line oscillation experiments and low-energy coherent neutrino–nucleus scattering (CEνNS), to searches for neutrinoless double β decay (0νββ)—yet in all cases a key aspect in interpreting the results concerns understanding neutrino–nucleus interactions. If the neutrino energy is sufficiently low, the required matrix elements can be constrained in a systematic way by the interplay of effective field theories, phenomenology, and lattice QCD. In these proceedings, we illustrate this strategy focusing on the CEνNS and 0νββ processes.
Compact QED: the photon propagator, confinement and positivity violation for the pure gauge theory
Authors: Oliveira Orlando , Loveridge Lee C. , Silva Paulo J
Published: December 2022

The lattice Landau gauge photon propagator for the pure gauge theory is revisited by using large lattices. For the confined case we show that it has an associated linearly growing potential, it has a mass gap, that is related to the presence of monopoles, and its spectral function violates positivity. In the deconfined phase, our simulations suggest that a free field theory is recovered in the thermodynamic limit.
Localisation of Dirac eigenmodes and confinement in gauge theories: the Roberge-Weiss transition
Authors: Cardinali Marco , D’Elia Massimo , Garosi Francesco , Giordano Matteo
Published: December 2022

Ample numerical evidence from lattice calculations shows a strong connection between the confining properties of gauge theories at finite temperature and the localisation properties of the low-lying Dirac eigenmodes. In this contribution we discuss recent progress on this topic, focussing on results for QCD at imaginary chemical potential μI/T = π at temperatures above the Roberge-Weiss transition temperature. These confirm the general picture of low modes turning from delocalised to localised at the deconfinement transition, in a previously unexplored setup with a genuine, physical transition in the presence of dynamical fermions. This further supports the use of Dirac eigenmodes as a tool to investigate the mechanisms behind confinement and the deconfinement transition.
Field, current, and charge distribution in a pure gauge SU(3) flux tube
Authors: Baker Marshall , Chelnokov Volodymyr , Cosmai Leonardo , Cuteri Francesca , Papa Alessandro
Published: December 2022

The quark confinement in QCD is achieved by concentration of the chromoelectric field between the quark-antiquark pair into a flux tube, which gives rise to a linear quark-antiquark potential. We study the structure of the flux tube created by a static quark-antiquark pair in the pure gauge SU(3) theory, using lattice Monte-Carlo simulations. We calculate the spatial distribution of all three components of the chromoelectric field and perform the “zero curl subtraction” procedure to obtain the nonperturbative part of the longitudinal component of the field, which we identify as the part responsible for the formation of the flux tube. Taking the spatial derivatives of the obtained field allows us to extract the electric charge and magnetic current densities in the flux tube. The behavior of these observables under smearing and with respect to continuum scaling is investigated. Finally, we briefly discuss the role of magnetic currents in the formation of the string tension.
Three-gluon vertex in Landau-gauge from quenched-lattice QCD in general kinematics
Authors: Pinto-Gómez F. , De Soto F.
Published: December 2022

We report on a novel and extensive lattice QCD analysis for the three-gluon vertex from quenched lattice-QCD simulations. Using standard Wilson action, we have computed the three-gluon vertex beyond the usual kinematic restriction to the symmetric (q2 = r2 = p2) and soft-gluon (p = 0) cases where it depends on a single momentum scale. The so-dubbed bisectoral case (r2 = q2 ≠ p2), where the transversely projected vertex can be cast in terms of three independent tensors, have been the object of a recent exhaustive scrutiny [1], also shown in this communication. Herein, beyond this special case, results for kinematic configurations with three different squared momenta are also presented. All data considered, the lattice estimate of the three-gluon vertex exhibits a clear dominance of the tree-level tensor form factor.
Roles of Polyakov loops in Yang-Mills theory on 𝕋2 × ℝ2
Authors: Suenaga Daiki , Kitazawa Masakiyo
Published: December 2022

We present an effective model of SU(N) pure Yang-Mills theory on 𝕋2 × ℝ2, where two directions are compactified with periodic boundary conditions. Our model includes two Polyakov loops serving as the order parameters of two center symmetries. Based on the model, for N = 2 and N = 3 we show that a rich phase diagram in terms of the center symmetries on 𝕋2 × ℝ2 is obtained. Besides, we demonstrate roles of the Polyakov loops by comparing with the recent lattice results focusing on thermodynamic quantities on 𝕋2 × ℝ2. We expect that analysis on 𝕋2 × ℝ2 provides us with a new clue toward further understanding of pure YM theory with the Polyakov loop at finite temperature.
Calorons, monopoles and stable, charged solitons
Authors: Faber Manfried
Published: December 2022

We discuss the similarity of the constituent monopoles of calorons and stable topological solitons with long range Coulombic interaction, classical solutions of the model of topological particles. In the interpretation as electric charges they can be compared to electrons and positrons with spin up and down, with quantised charge and finite mass.
Unraveling the pion light-cone distribution function in the CEPC era
Authors: Ji Yao , Wang Yu-Ming
Published: December 2022

The light-cone distribution amplitude (LCDA) encapsulates the nonperturbative information of the hadronic states in hard exclusive reactions. The envisioned Circular Electron Positron Collider (CEPC) has the potential to access the pion LCDA at an unprecedented level of accuracy with its clean background, broad energy range, high luminosity and precision measurements. Such knowledge can not only deepen our understanding of the composite hadron structure, but also provide new insights for exploring the intricate structures of the underlying non-abelian gauge theory (QCD).
The Overshadowed χc1(2p) Charmoniumlike Resonance
Authors: Bruschini Roberto
Published: December 2022

A systematic analysis of JPC = 1++ charmoniumlike mesons with energies up to 4.0 GeV is carried out within the diabatic approach to QCD. The resulting spectrum contains only two bound states: the conventional 1p charmonium state and a D0 D̄∗0 loosely bound state which may be naturally identified with X(3872). The rest of the spectrum consists in a continuum of D0 D̄∗0 and D+D∗− scattering states, whose analysis indicates the presence of a resonance near 3.96 GeV that may be assigned to a mostly conventional 2p charmonium state. It is shown that this χc1(2p) resonance is likely overshadowed in its expected main decay channels, D0 D̄∗0 and D+D∗−, by the threshold enhancements due to the loosely bound X(3872), which may justify its lack of detection to date. Alternative discovery channels are discussed.
Heavy quark dynamics in a strongly magnetized medium
Authors: Bandyopadhyay Aritra , Liao Jinfeng , Xing Hongxi
Published: December 2022

We present a calculation of the heavy quark momentum diffusion coefficients in a strongly magnetized medium, within the Lowest Landau Level (LLL) approximation. In particular, we use the Hard Thermal Loop (HTL) resummed effective gluon propagator, generalized for a hot and magnetized medium. Using this effective HTL gluon propagator along with the LLL quark propagator we analytically derive the full results for the longitudinal and transverse momentum diffusion coefficients for charm and bottom quarks beyond the static limit. Going beyond the static limit of the heavy quark, we also show numerical results for these coefficients in two special cases where the heavy quark is moving either parallel or perpendicular to the external magnetic field.
Event-by-event correlations and fluctuations with strongly intensive quantities in heavy-ion collisions with ALICE
Authors: Sputowska Iwona
Published: December 2022

The strongly intensive quantity Σ is a new observable, introduced recently to the domain of heavy-ion physics. In superposition models which assume independent particle production from statistically identical sources, Σ is insensitive to the number of sources and its fluctuations, contrary to the standard forward-backward correlation coefficient (bcorr). Therefore it provides direct information on the multiplicity correlations and fluctuations from a single source. This paper presents new results on forward-backward correlations studied with the quantity Σ, measured by ALICE at the LHC in Xe–Xe collisions at √sNN= 5.44 TeV and in Pb–Pb collisions at √sNN= 2.76 and 5.02 TeV. These results are compared with ALICE measurements in pp collisions at √s = 13 TeV.
Deconfinement in pure gauge SU(3) Yang-Mills theory: the ghost propagator
Authors: Oliveira Orlando , Paiva Vítor , Silva Paulo
Published: December 2022

The ghost propagator in Landau gauge is studied at finite temperature below and above Tc using lattice QCD simulations. For high temperatures, we find that the ghost propagator is enhanced, compared to the confined phase. The results suggest that the ghost propagator can be used to identify the phase transition, similarly to the gluon propagator case.
Shedding light on thermal photon and dilepton production
Authors: Jackson Greg
Published: December 2022

Electromagnetic radiation from the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) is an important observable to be considered in heavy ion collision experiments. I will provide an update on recent advancements from perturbation theory and quenched lattice simulations. The resummed next-to-leading order (NLO) emission rate has recently been decomposed into transverse and longitudinal components, and extended to non-zero baryon chemical potential. The associated spectral function has also been tested against the Euclidean correlator, for continuum-extrapolated lattice data (at μB = 0).
Colliding poles with colliding nuclei
Authors: Soloviev Alexander
Published: December 2022

In these proceedings, I will discuss collisions of poles in the complex plane as a signature of phase transitions for theories relevant to the quark gluon plasma. I will begin with an illustrative example, namely the chiral phase transition, which can be characterized by colliding poles as a function of temperature. Then, recognizing the interplay between weak and strong coupling sectors in a typical collision, I will introduce a hybrid model with a weakly broken symmetry, which has a rich quasi-hydrodynamic phenomenological description where hydrodynamic and non-hydrodynamic poles are unified by a common dispersion relation. I will show that energy is transferred initially from the soft to the hard sector before irreversibly transferring back to the soft sector at late times, and that the model reproduces many features common to dissipative systems with a weakly broken symmetry including the k-gap.
Reconciling the FOPT and CIPT Predictions for τ Hadronic Spectral Function Moments
Authors: Benitez-Rathgeb Miguel A. , Boito Diogo , Hoang André H. , Jamin Matthias
Published: December 2022

Recently it has been clarified by Hoang and Regner that the longstanding discrepancy between the CIPT and FOPT expansion approaches in αs determinations from the τ hadronic spectral function moments has been caused by an inconsistency of CIPT with the standard OPE approach. This inconsistency arises in the presence of IR renormalons in the underlying Adler function and is numerically dominated by the dimension-4 gluon condensate renormalon. In this talk we report on an approach to reconcile the CIPT based on a perturbative definition of a renormalon-free and scale-invariant gluon condensate scheme, called RF GC scheme. The scheme implies perturbative subtractions which eliminate the CIPT inconsistency for all practical applications of the τ hadronic spectral function moments. The scheme depends on the gluon condensate renormalon norm Ng as an independent input and on an IR subtraction scale R. We discuss three different approaches to determine Ng which yield consistent results and we apply the RF GC scheme in two full-fledged phenomenological αs determinations based on the truncated OPE and the duality violation model approach. In the RF GC scheme the long-standing CIPT-FOPT discrepancy problem is gone and the CIPT and FOPT αs determinations can be consistently combined.
Quark Mass Effects in JIMWLK Evolution
Authors: Dai Lin
Published: December 2022

Quark mass effects in the Jalilian-Marian-Iancu-McLerran-Weigert-Leonidov-Kovner (JIMWLK) evolution appear at the next to leading order (NLO) of QCD, i.e., at 𝒪(α2s) of the QCD coupling for the JIMWLK evolution kernels. Based on the light-cone hadronic wave function approach, we obtain the analytic expressions for the JIMWLK evolution kernels, which are expressed in terms of one dimensional integrals that in principle can be numerically useful for future phenomenological applications. In comparison to the situation with massless quarks, a new divergence arises. We illustrate the origin of this divergence and how the divergence is canceled within the renormalization procedures of light-cone quantization.
Short-distance constraints on the hadronic light-by-light
Authors: Bijnens Johan , Hermansson-Truedsson Nils , Rodríguez-Sánchez Antonio
Published: December 2022

The muon anomalous magnetic moment continues to attract interest due to the potential tension between experimental measurement [1, 2] and the Standard Model prediction [3]. The hadronic light-by-light contribution to the magnetic moment is one of the two diagrammatic topologies currently saturating the theoretical uncertainty. With the aim of improving precision on the hadronic light-by-light in a data-driven approach founded on dispersion theory [4, 5], we derive various short-distance constraints of the underlying correlation function of four electromagnetic currents. Here, we present our previous progress in the purely short-distance regime and current efforts in the so-called Melnikov-Vainshtein limit.
Gravitational wave signatures of phase transition from hadronic to quark matter in isolated neutron stars and binaries
Authors: Mallick Ritam
Published: December 2022

The fundamental constituent of matter at high temperature and density has intrigued physicists for quite some time. Recent results from heavy-ion colliders have enriched the Quantum Chromodynamics phase diagram at high temperatures and low baryon density. However, the phase at low temperatures and finite (mostly intermediate) baryon density remain unexplored. Theoretical Quantum Chromodynamics calculation predicts phase transition from hadronic matter to quark matter at such densities. Presently, the best laboratories available to probe such densities lie at the core of neutron stars. Recent results of how such phase transition signatures can be probed using gravitational waves both in isolated neutron stars and neutron star in binaries. The isolated neutron star would probe the very low-temperature regime, whereas neutron stars in binaries would probe finite baryon density in the intermediate temperature regime. We would also discuss whether the gravitational wave signature of such phase transition is unique and the detector specification needed to detect such signals.
Phases and condensates in zero-temperature QCD at finite μI and μS
Authors: Andersen Jens O.
Published: December 2022

I discuss pion and kaon condensation and the the properties of the phases of QCD at finite isospin chemical potential μI and strangeness chemical potential μS at zero temperature using three-flavor chiral perturbation theory. Electromagnetic effects are included in the calculation of the phase diagram, which implies that the charged meson condensed phases become superconducting phases of QCD with a massive photon via the Higgs mechanism. Without electromagnetic effects, we show results for the light quark condensate and the pion condensate as functions of μI at next-to-leading (NLO) order in the lowenergy expansion. The results are compared with recent lattice simulations and by including the NLO corrections, one obtains very good agreement.
Neutron stars and phase diagram from a double hard-wall
Authors: Bartolini Lorenzo , Gudnason Sven Bjarke , Leutgeb Josef , Rebhan Anton
Published: December 2022

Description of nuclear matter in the core of neutron stars eludes the main tools of investigation of QCD, such as perturbation theory and the lattice formulation of the theory. Recently, the application of the holographic paradigm (both via top-down and bottom-up models) to this task has led to many encouraging results, both qualitatively and quantitatively. We present our approach to the description of neutron star cores, relying on a simple model of the (double) hard-wall type: we discuss results concerning the nature of homogeneous nuclear matter at high density emerging from the model including a quarkyonic phase, the mass-radius relation for neutron stars, as well as the rather stiff equation of state we have found. We show how, despite the very simple model employed, for an appropriate calibration we are able to obtain neutron stars that only slightly fall short of the observational bounds on radius and tidal deformability.