bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ASSESSMENT AND PREDICTION OF THE RISK OF PATIENT NON-COMPLIANCE IN THE SYSTEM OF SPECIALIZED PHARMACEUTICAL CARE FOR THE POPULATION WITH ONCOLOGICAL DISEASES
Authors: A.G. Petrov , O.V. Khoroshilova , V.A. Semenikhin
Published: October 2024

Cardiovascular, oncological and other diseases occupy a significant place in the structure of morbidity and causes of death of the population, the growth of which largely depends on lifestyle and risk factors. Identification of risk factors contributing to the development of cancer is one of the main achievements of epidemiology of the 21st century. Subsequent research helped scientists to build multifactorial algorithms for predicting the risks of cancer and mortality from them, which greatly facilitated the work of practitioners in the field of risk stratification. The above indicates that the research results of many foreign and domestic authors confirm that significant predictors of cancer are risk factors such as old age, pre-existing cancer in blood relatives, smoking, obesity, alcohol, certain types of viral infections, certain chemicals, ionizing radiation, including UV rays of the sun and others. It is known that reducing the influence of risk factors leads to a decrease in morbidity and mortality from cancer. An important condition in the treatment of oncological diseases is the rational and effective use of medicines. Pharmaceutical specialists play an active role in this process. In the treatment of long-term or lifelong diseases, such as cancer, great importance is attached to the process of daily pharmacotherapy, compliance with the rules of adherence to treatment or compliance. Thus, problems with patients performing medical appointments are based on a complex of factors, including psychological and behavioral ones, including patients' adherence to treatment.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND MACHINE LEARNING IN PEDIATRICS - MODERN RESEARCH AND UNCHARTED HORIZONS
Authors: M.V. Kurshina , L.I. Mazur , V.A. Zhirnov
Published: October 2024

The scientific article examines the implementation of digital technologies in the field of medicine. This review summarizes current data on the use of artificial intelligence and machine learning (AI-ML) in pediatrics based on global research. Currently, machine learning helps create models for predicting the severity of the condition in children with bronchiolitis, neonatal sepsis, bacterial infections, necrotizing enterocolitis, for screening autism, and internalizing disorders. The review highlights the variety of algorithms, analyzes the main methods with algorithms used in the development of artificial intelligence, and their application depending on specific tasks and requirements. As a result of the work, the relevance and necessity of using intelligent technologies in the modern world was determined. It was also found that despite the serious difficulties in implementing AI-ML systems, the prospects for their use encourage the search for solutions to overcome any obstacles. Highly qualified specialists from different parts of the world are constantly working on the development of this area.
ASSESSMENT OF THE SAFETY AND INFLUENCE OF PNEUMOCOCCAL VACCINE «PREVENAR-13» ON THE INCIDENCE OF PNEUMONIA AND OTITIS IN CHILDREN IN THE FIRST FIVE YEARS OF LIFE
Authors: L.I. Mazur , S. A. Pyrkova , M.V. Kurshina , I.Yu. Bekeeva
Published: October 2024

The scientific article presents an assessment of the clinical effectiveness and safety of the use of the pneumococcal conjugate 13-valent vaccine (PCV13, PCV 13) «Prevenar 13» in children from 0 to 5 years old, observed in the children's department of the State Budgetary Institution of Healthcare of the Secondary Educational Institution «SGKP N 15» in the city Samara. The study included 590 children, who were divided into 2 groups. The first (main, group PC-13) group included children born in 2018 - 2020 and vaccinated with the Prevenar 13 vaccine according to the «2 + 1» (n=490), the second (control) group included children born in 2013 and not vaccinated with a vaccine against pneumococcal infection, including Prevenar 13 (n=100). The study revealed that during the 2nd year of life in children of the first group, the incidence rate after vaccination decreased by 2 times. The incidence rate of pneumonia in the group of vaccinated children also decreased in all age periods, and the incidence rate of otitis media during the entire observation period in the second group of children (unvaccinated) was higher. Based on the data presented, we can conclude that vaccination with Prevenar-13 is a safe and effective measure in the prevention of ARI (acute respiratory infections) in children.
IMPROVEMENT OF THE METHOD OF OBTAINING USNIC ACID FROM THE LICHEN CLADONIA RANGIFERINA HOFF
Authors: E.D. Kubasova , I.A. Krylov , A.E. Sukhanov , R.V. Kubasov , A.P. Korobitsyn , A.V. Safronenko , D.V. Shatov , T.G. Dergousova , O.L. Eroshenko , A.Yu. Eroshenko , S.N. Linchenko , N.V. Sukhorukova , S.G. Afendikov , S.M. Groshilin
Published: October 2024

Relevance. Contemporary pharmaceutical industry requires constant search and development of new technologies for the production of pharmacological products. At the same time, the processing of plants, which contain substances with a therapeutic effect, is a promising direction. Their use in terms of economic and therapeutic effectiveness is sometimes very beneficial. It has been proven that lichen plants contain substances that have a therapeutic effect. Organisms of the genus Cladonia, which synthesize usnic acid, among them have a special significance and application. The extraction of usnic acid from lichen biomass is carried out using various organic solvents. At the same time, it is preferable to use techniques with the lowest cost with a high quantitative yield of extractives. In addition, extracts containing bioactive substances should exhibit significant biological activity. The aim is improving the technology of extraction of usnic acid from the vegetable raw materials of Cladonia rangiferina Hoff by determining the optimal components for its extraction. Materials and methods. The material for the study is raw material of Yagel (Deer Moss)/Cladonia rangiferina Hoff. The extractive properties of the most commonly used solvents (purified water, ethyl alcohol 40, 70 and 95%) were studied, among which the most effective was identified. The content of extractive substances was determined by the gravimetric analysis method. The results of the study. According to the results of a series of experiments to study extractive capabilities, of all solvents, the maximum extractive ability of extractive substances from Cladonia rangiferina Hoff was noted for 95% ethyl alcohol (7.38%). Ethyl alcohol 70% was produced with a high extraction capacity, however, it turned out to be less effective. The conclusion was made about these methods can be used to detect biologically active substances obtained from the raw materials of Cladonia rangiferina Hoff. The obtained developments create prerequisites for the development of regulatory documentation on the procedure and position of the relevant standard or a temporary pharmacopoeia article.
Pengaruh Problem Based Learning dalam Keterampilan Menulis Teks Negosiasi Kelas X-BDP SMK Negeri 1 Pati Tahun Pelajaran 2023/2024
Authors: Noviana Yosi , Wismanto Agus , Latif Anshori Kurniawan
Published: October 2024

ABSTRAK
Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu mendeskripsikan bentuk alih kode dan campur kode yang diamati pada tuturan tiga bahasa di channel YouTube Londo Kampung pada tahun 2023 dan untuk mengidentifikasi beberapa faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap terjadinya peristiwa tutur tersebut. Sumber data yang diambil adalah beberapa konten yang telah dipilih untuk penelitian dari saluran YouTube Londo Kampung pada tahun 2023. Data yang dianalisis, secara khusus bersangkutan dengan tuturan alih kode dan campur kode pada saluran YouTube Londo Kampung pada tahun 2023. Agar dapat mengkaji dan mendeskripsikan secara menyeluruh semua permasalahan, digunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Pengumpulan data dilaksanakan dengan teknik simak bebas libat cakap (SBLC) dan catat. Metode analisis data yang dimanfaatkan yaitu padan dan agih. Berdasarkan hasil identifikasi, didapatkan ada dua jenis alih kode terindentifikasi pada saluran YouTube Londo Kampung, yaitu alih kode internal sejumlah 21 data, dan eksternal sejumlah 8 data. Sedangkan, campur kode yang ditemukan dapat dipecah menjadi beberapa bentuk, antara lain 31 data internal, 15 tipe data eksternal, dan 3 tipe data campuran. Faktor yang sangat mempengaruhi terjadinya alih kode, seperti situasi komunikasi, variasi bahasa penutur, faktor lingkungan, adanya tujuan pembicaraan, bahkan keinginan untuk memberikan humor. Demikian pula, campur kode dipengaruhi oleh faktor-faktor seperti kemahiran bahasa penutur, tujuan komunikasi, kebiasaan tempat tinggal, konteks komunikasi, penggunaan kata-kata populer, dan pemilihan bahasa yang dianggap lebih cocok.
Kata kunci : alih kode, campur kode, youtube
NILAI KEARIFAN LOKAL PADA FOLKLOR RAWA PENING DI KABUPATEN SEMARANG
Authors: Jichaninda Dhika Maharani  , Fatimah Sukma , Septiana Ika
Published: October 2024

Kearifan lokal merupakan pengetahuan, nilai, norma, dan keterampilan yang terdapat atau dimiliki oleh masyarakat lokal dalam mengendalikan sumber daya alam dan lingkungan hidup, supaya tetap terjaga kelestariaannya. Folklor adalah suatu kebudayaan manusia yang bersifat kolektif, disebarkan dan diwariskan secara tradisional atau turn temurun dari generasi ke generasi, baik dalam bentuk lisan, isyarat, atau alat pembantu pengingat. Kearifan lokal Rawa Pening memainkan peran penting dalam mempengaruhi masyarakat secara positif. Dengan melestarikan pengetahuan dan tradisi lokal, masyarakat dapat secara efektif mengelola krisis ekonomi dan menjaga keseimbangan lingkungan. Selain itu, kearifan lokal, yang berakar kuat di masyarakat, mengatur perilaku dan keyakinan, seperti larangan tindakan tertentu dan pentingnya mempertahankan sikap dan keyakinan. Nilai kearifan lokal yang terdapat dalam folklore Rawa Pening ada lima, yakni: 1) nilai agama, 2) nilai budi pekerti, 3) nilai budaya, 4) nilai sosial, dan 5) nilai moral.
Kemampuan Literasi Dalam Baca-Tulis Pada Pesertad Didik Kelas VIII SMPN 2 Banjarharjo Tahun Ajaran 2023/2024
Authors: Aulia Faras Yuniar , Ngatmini  , Latif Anshori Kurniawan
Published: October 2024

ABSTRAK: Peneliti|an ini bertuju|an untuk mendeskripsik|an kem|ampu|an liter|asi b|ac|a-tulis kel|as VIII SMPN 2 B|anj|arh|arjo Brebes. Jenis peneliti|an ini |ad|al|ah deskripsi ku|alit|atif. Pengumpul|an d|at|a dil|akuk|an deng|an metode tes, kuisioner, w|aw|anc|ar|a, d|an dokument|asi. Peny|aji|an h|asil |an|alisis d|at|a dil|akuk|an sec|ar|a inform|al. H|asil peneliti|an ini menunjuk|an b|ahw|a kem|ampu|an liter|asi b|ac|a-tulis kel|as VIII SMPN 2 B|anj|arh|arjo Brebes cukup rend|ah deng|an memperoleh nilai tes membaca dibawah rata-rata yaitu 53,7 dan tes menulis dibawah rata-rata 6,2 selain itu dipeng|aruhi oleh beber|ap|a f|aktor y|aitu f|aktor intern|al d|an f|aktor ekstern|al. F|akor intern|al meliputi kur|angny|a pem|ah|am|an pesert|a didik d|al|am b|ac|a|an, d|an membutuhk|an w|aktu untuk d|ap|at mem|ah|ami m|akn|a su|atu b|ac|a|an. F|aktor ekstern|al meliputi kur|angny|a perh|ati|an or|ang tu|a menj|adi |al|as|an pesert|a didik d|al|am bel|aj|ar, serta buku yang kurang pembaruan. Hal tersebut dapat dibuktikan dengan adanya hasil tes menunjukan bahwa peserta didik memperoleh nilai dibawah rata-rata. Selain itu juga didukung dengan adanya pernyataan angket peserta didik yang menunjukan bahwa peserta didik membutuhkan waktu yang cukup untuk dapat memahami isi bacaan dalam buku, dan membaca ulang untuk bias memahami bacaan. Dikuatkan dengan hasil wawancara kepala sekolah dan guru mata pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia juga menyatakan bahwa kemampuan literasi peserta didik masih harus dikembangkan lebih lanjut.
KATA KUNCI: Kemampuan Literasi Baca-Tulis , Peserta Didik.
Tuturan Alih Kode dan Campur Kode dalam Kanal YouTube Londo Kampung
Authors: Tatik Aurellia Dyah , Wismanto Agus , Latif Anshori Kurniawan
Published: October 2024

ABSTRAK
Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu mendeskripsikan bentuk alih kode dan campur kode yang diamati pada tuturan tiga bahasa di channel YouTube Londo Kampung pada tahun 2023 dan untuk mengidentifikasi beberapa faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap terjadinya peristiwa tutur tersebut. Sumber data yang diambil adalah beberapa konten yang telah dipilih untuk penelitian dari saluran YouTube Londo Kampung pada tahun 2023. Data yang dianalisis, secara khusus bersangkutan dengan tuturan alih kode dan campur kode pada saluran YouTube Londo Kampung pada tahun 2023. Agar dapat mengkaji dan mendeskripsikan secara menyeluruh semua permasalahan, digunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Pengumpulan data dilaksanakan dengan teknik simak bebas libat cakap (SBLC) dan catat. Metode analisis data yang dimanfaatkan yaitu padan dan agih. Berdasarkan hasil identifikasi, didapatkan ada dua jenis alih kode terindentifikasi pada saluran YouTube Londo Kampung, yaitu alih kode internal sejumlah 21 data, dan eksternal sejumlah 8 data. Sedangkan, campur kode yang ditemukan dapat dipecah menjadi beberapa bentuk, antara lain 31 data internal, 15 tipe data eksternal, dan 3 tipe data campuran. Faktor yang sangat mempengaruhi terjadinya alih kode, seperti situasi komunikasi, variasi bahasa penutur, faktor lingkungan, adanya tujuan pembicaraan, bahkan keinginan untuk memberikan humor. Demikian pula, campur kode dipengaruhi oleh faktor-faktor seperti kemahiran bahasa penutur, tujuan komunikasi, kebiasaan tempat tinggal, konteks komunikasi, penggunaan kata-kata populer, dan pemilihan bahasa yang dianggap lebih cocok.
Kata kunci : alih kode, campur kode, youtube
On monomorphisms of hypergraphic automata
Authors: Khvorostukhina E. V.
Published: October 2024

Hypergraphic automata are automata, state sets and output symbol sets of which are hypergraphs, being invariant under actions of transition and output functions. Universally attracting objects in the category of hypergraphic automata are called universal hypergraphic automata. The semigroups of input symbols of such automata are derivative algebras of mappings for such automata. So their properties are interconnected with properties of the algebraic structures of the automata. This paper describes the structure of monomorphisms of such automata and their semigroups of input signals.
Colleagues’ Support and Techno-Complexity: The Importance of a Positive Aging Climate
Authors: Galanti Teresa , Fantinelli Stefania , Giffi Veronica , Cortini Michela
Published: October 2024

Aim/Purpose: With a focus on promoting sustainable career paths, this article investigates the intricate relationship between age diversity management and techno-complexity, emphasizing the pivotal role of a supportive work environment.

Background: In the modern workplace, the dynamics of age diversity emerge as a crucial element influencing the well-being and productivity of employees, particularly amidst the swiftly evolving digital landscape. This becomes especially pertinent when considering workers’ unique challenges adapting to technological advancements.

Methodology: Utilizing a cross-sectional design, data were collected from 160 employees in an Italian multinational company within the metalworking sector.

Contribution: This study provides valuable insights into the complex dynamics between the aging climate, colleagues’ support, and techno-complexity. It emphasized the importance of considering the direct effects of organizational factors and their in-direct influences through social dynamics and support structures within the workplace.

Findings: The results revealed the mediating role of colleagues’ support in the relationship between the aging climate and techno-complexity. These findings highlight the importance of a supportive work environment in the context of sustainable career development, contributing to a comprehensive understanding of diversity management within the modern digital era.

Recommendation for Researchers: Our results open to a series of implications and future directions. First, the unexpected finding regarding the direct relationship between the aging climate and technostress calls for a deeper exploration of the intricacies involved. Future studies could delve into specific organizational contexts, technological demands, and individual differences that may modulate this relationship.

Future Research: Future studies could delve into specific organizational contexts, technological demands, and individual differences that may modulate this relationship.
YAŞAR KEMAL’İN ROMANLARINDA İNSAN HAKLARI VE BÜROKRATİK YOZLAŞMA
Authors: Ulutaş Nurullah
Published: October 2024

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Yaşar Kemal’in romanlarında insan hakları ve bürokratik yozlaşmayı nasıl işlediğini ortaya koymaktır. Çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden metin / doküman analizi tercih edilmiştir. Yazarın Akçasazın Ağaları, Kimsecik, Dağın Öte Yüzü ve Bir Ada Hikâyesi adlı roman serisi odak olmak üzere yazarın romanlarında ve düşünce yazılarında bu konuya yaklaşımı ele alınacaktır. Modern Devlet anlayışı, Demokratik İnsan Hakları ve sağlam bir kamu yönetimine dayanır. Bürokrasi; Max Weber’in temellerini attığı ve genellikle Devlet erkinin yürütmeye ilişkin işlemleri yerine getiren kamu örgütlerindeki olumsuzlukları çağrıştırma amaçlı kullanılmaktadır. Devlet yapısında bürokratik problemler, başka problemlere de yol açmaktadır. İnsan haklarını her düzlemde dile getiren Yaşar Kemal, evrensel konuları eserlerine taşıyan ve romanları 50’den fazla dile çevrilmiş, birkaç defa Nobel’e aday gösterilmiş Cumhuriyet Dönemi romancılarımızdan biri olarak bazı romanlarında bürokratik yozlaşmayı eleştirir. Yazar, romanlarında Mustafa Kemal Atatürk öncülüğünde 29 Ekim 1923 tarihinde sağlam ilkeler üzerine bina edilen Türkiye Cumhuriyeti devletinde yanlış uygulamalar sonucunda bürokratik sorunlar ve insan hakları ihlallerinin yaşandığını anlatmaya çalışır. Yazar, ülkemizdeki birçok olumsuzluğun temelinde bürokratik yozlaşmanın yattığını söyler. Her ne kadar Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti devletini demokratik, insan hak ve özgürlüklerine saygı, kadın – erkek eşitliğinin olduğu, hiçbir sınıfın üstünlüğüne dayanmayan, halkın can ve mal güvenliğinin garanti altında olduğu, adil, şeffaf ve ekonomik olarak güçlü ilkeler üzerine kurmayı amaçlasa da sonraki dönemlerde iktidarların bu ilkelerden saptığı görülür. İktidarın uzantısı olan bürokratların bu ilkelerden uzaklaşması toplum içinde adaletsizliğe ve ekonomik olarak halkın yoksullaşmasına yol açar. İktidara yakın sınıflar, maddi olarak zenginleşirken sıradan insanlar yoksullaşır. Yaşar Kemal, rüşvet ve yolsuzluk yüzünden sıradan halkın hakkı olan bazı imkânların imtiyazlı sınıflara verildiği de romanlarda eleştirilir. Birçok romanında insan hakları ihlallerine değinen Yaşar Kemal, yoksulluğun insana yakışmadığının ve bir insanın karnını doyurmasının en doğal hakkı olduğunun altını çizer. Bu çalışmada Yaşar Kemal’in romanlarında insan hakları ve bürokratik yozlaşmayı nasıl işlediği analiz edilecektir.
Comparative Analysis of Production Results and Farming Costs of Tuber Shallots and True Shallot Seed (TSS) in the Off-Season of Sandy Coastal Land
Authors: Ismarlin Ina Fitria , Shoyfiyah Safira
Published: October 2024

The decline in shallot production was caused by low seed quality in quantity and price. One of the government's efforts to overcome the problem of shallot productivity is by using True Shallot Seed (TSS) seeds. This research aimed to determine the comparison of production results and farming costs for tuber shallot and True Shallot Seed (TSS). This research was conducted in Parangtritis Village, Kapanewon Kretek, Bantul Regency. The research method used was comparative with a sample of 14 tuber shallot farmers and 33 TSS shallot farmers. The sample in this study was selected using a saturated sampling technique. The research results show that the average production of tuber shallot and TSS in the off-season on sandy coastal land is 475 kg/1000 m2 and 398 kg/1000 m2. A comparison of the production results of tuber shallot and TSS using SPSS shows Sig. (2-tailed) of 0.597 > 0.05, which means there is no significant (real) difference between the average production of tuber shallot and TSS. The cost of farming TSS shallots during the off-season on sandy coastal land is Rp. 7,106,500, while farming tuber shallot is Rp. 9,427,000. This shows that the costs of farming TSS shallots are cheaper than the costs of farming tuber shallots. Based on this research, it is necessary to increase the role of extension workers and the independence of farmers in developing tuber shallot and TSS shallot farming, which is more prospective to be cultivated in the off-season on sandy coastal land.
Reconstruction of Maqâshid al-Syarî`ah As An Approach to Constitutional Law in Overcoming Crime in Indonesia
Authors: Suparmin Sudirman , Ramadani Ramadani
Published: October 2024

In Indonesia, the crime rate still reaches 1.01% in 2020, but crime still exists and is a state concern. The purpose of this study is aimed to analyze the offer of maqâshid al-syarî`ah as a solution in overcoming crime in Indonesia. This study is qualitative research in nature with a literature review approach. The object analyzed is Article 29 of UUD 1945 which is analyzed with the concept of maqâshid al-syarî`ah in the study of Islamic law. The results of this study describe that the maqâshid al-syarî`ahconcept can be a solution to overcome crime in Indonesia as its concept regulates various things including God's purposes (qashdu al-syâri') and mukallâf goals (qashdu al-mukallâf) as well as the perspective of constitutional law in the crime in Indonesia. The state regulates matters contained in the state of the fundamental norm, namely the constitution contained in Article 29 of UUD 1945. This article uses a religious approach as a basic rule to regulate the life of the Indonesian legal community so that they live a good life and do not commit the crimes contained in the UUD 1945. Internalization of maqâshid al-syarî`ah in constitutional law is an alternative to protecting citizens from various crimes. Di Indonesia, angka kejahatan masih mencapai 1.01% pada tahun 2020,  artinya kejahatan masih ada dan menjadi perhatian negara. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis tawaran  maqâshid al-syarî`ah sebagai solusi dalam mengatasi kejahatan di Indonesia. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan kajian pustaka. Objek yang dianalisis adalah  pasal 29 UUD 1945 yang dianalisis dengan konsep maqâshid al-syarî`ah dalam kajian hukum Islam. Hasil penelitian ini menguraikan bahwa konsep maqâshid al-syarî`ah dapat menjadi solusi untuk mengatasi kejahatan di Indonesia sebagaimana konsep maqashid syariah mengatur berbagai aspek diantaranya yaitu tujuan Allah (qashdu al-syâri’) dan tujuan mukallâf (qashdu al-mukallâf) dan begitu juga dengan perspektif hukum tata negara dalam melihat kejahatan di indonesia. Negara mengatur hal yang terdapat pada staats fundamental norm, yaitu konstitusi yang terdapat di dalam UUD 1945 pasal 29. Pasal ini menggunakan pendekatan agama sebagai aturan dasar untuk mengatur tata kehidupan masyarakat hukum Indonesia agar menjalankan kehidupan dengan baik dan tidak melakukan kejahatan sebagaimana yang tertuang di dalam UUD 1945. Internalisasi maqâshid al-syarî`ah dalam hukum tatanegara menjadi alternatif dalam menjaga warga negara dari berbagai kejahatan.
The Relevance of Islamic Law and Positive Law in State Safety Management: Literacy Study of Islam and National Law
Authors: Suleman Zulkarnain , Suleman Zulfitri Zulkarnain
Published: October 2024

The obedience of citizens to every legal product, such as state law and Islamic law for its adherents, is absolute when a country and religious people want to create a democratic climate in the 21st century. This study discusses the governance of citizens’ compliance with the law, especially Islamic law, in a Pancasila-democratic country. There are two sources of law in Indonesia; the first is religious law and positive state law, both of which invite people to the path of goodness for justice and democracy. This study uses a phenomenological approach to collect as much data as possible and examine it to obtain relevant answers. This study concludes that the governance of citizens’ compliance with Islamic law in a democratic country is mutually supportive obedience, meaning that they obey religion, so they will abide by the state so that this country becomes a democratic country. Ketaatan warga negara terhadap setiap produk hukum seperti hukum negara dan hukum Islam bagi pemeluknya adalah mutlak ketika sebuah negara dan umat beragama ingin menciptakan iklim demokrasi di abad 21. Penelitian ini ingin membahas tata kelola kepatuhan warga negara terhadap hukum, khususnya hukum Islam, di negara demokrasi Pancasila. Ada dua sumber hukum di Indonesia; yang pertama adalah hukum agama dan hukum positif negara, keduanya mengajak masyarakat ke jalan kebaikan untuk keadilan dan demokrasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan fenomenologis untuk mengumpulkan data sebanyak mungkin dan memeriksanya untuk mendapatkan jawaban yang relevan. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa tata kelola kepatuhan warga negara terhadap hukum Islam di negara demokrasi adalah kepatuhan yang saling mendukung, artinya mereka mematuhi agama, sehingga mereka akan mematuhi negara sehingga negara ini menjadi negara demokrasi
Positive and Negative Impacts of Poligamy in The Life of Muslim Family
Authors: Rohmadi Rohmadi , Fauzan Fauzan , Jafar Wahyu Abdul
Published: October 2024

This study aims to reveal in detail the positive and negative impacts that arise from polygamy in Muslim family life. This research is a literature review, which uses documentation techniques in finding the required data. While the analytical method used is the inductive method. After conducting in-depth research, conclusions are obtained, including: The positive impact of polygamy is the opening of a way out of emergency conditions that occur in the household. Polygamy can be a solution for people to avoid committing adultery/ infidelity. Polygamy can also be a solution for someone to have children if his first wife is barren, protect widows, or channel the sexual needs of a husband who cannot be channeled properly with his first wife. While the negative impact that arises from polygamy for Muslim families is psychologically, a wife will feel disturbed and hurt to see her husband having sex with other women. A number of studies have shown that the average wife when she finds out her husband remarried spontaneously experiences feelings of depression, prolonged stress, sadness and disappointment. In addition, the relationship between husband and wife and their extended family is not harmonious. Marriage essentially connects the bond between two large families, polygamy makes the bond disrupted, maybe even broken. In addition, in the life of a polygamous family, of course, there are concerns in fostering and meeting family needs. : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap secara detail dampak positif dan negatif yang muncul dari poligami dalam kehidupan berkeluarga muslim. Penelitian ini bersifat kajian pustaka, yang mengunakan teknik dokumentasi dalam mencari data-data yang diperlukan. Sedangkan metode analisa yang digunakan adalah metode induktif. Setelah dilakukan penelitian secara mendalam maka diperoleh kesimpulan, antara lain: Dampak positif poligami adalah terbukanya jalan keluar dari kondisi darurat yang terjadi dalam rumah tangga. Poligami dapat menjadi solusi bagi orang terhindar dari berbuat zina/ perselingkuhan. Poligami juga bisa menjadi solusi bagi seseorang untuk memiliki keturunan jika istri pertamanya mandul, melindungi para janda, atau menyalurkan kebutuhan seks suami yang tidak dapat tersalurkan dengan baik dengan istri pertamanya. Sedangkan dampak negatif yang muncul dari poligami bagi keluarga muslim adalah secara psikologi, seorang isteri akan merasa terganggu dan sakit hati melihat suaminya berhubungan dengan perempuan lain. Sejumlah penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata isteri begitu mengetahui suaminya menikah lagi secara spontan mengalami perasaan depresi, stres berkepanjangan, sedih dan kecewa. Selain itu, hubungan suami isteri dan keluarga besarnya menjadi tidak harmonis. Perkawinan pada esensinya menyambung ikatan antara dua keluarga besar, poligami membuat ikatan itu terganggu, bahkan mungkin terputus. Selain itu, dalam kehidupan keluarga poligami tentunya terdapat kekhawatiran dalam membina dan memenuhi kebutuhan keluarga.
ﻫندسة أصول الفقه: نحو مقاربة إندونيسية للاجتهاد
Authors: Nur Iffatin , Ali A. Muhdhor
Published: October 2024

لقد دون علم أصول الفقه من قبل مذاهب شىت بما فيها من تعدد مناهج االجتهاد واالستنباط. كما شهدت القرون الوسطى تطورا هائال حيث ظهرت ونشأت فيها نظريات ومقاربات يف جمال استنباط األحاكم أصوال وفقها. غري أن هناك فجوتني إقليمية وزمانية بني إندونيسيا والقطر العريب الواقع فيه ذاك اتلطور، األمر اذلي يعرقل تطبيق األحاكم املستنبطة وعالجا للقضايا الفقهية بإندونيسيا من ًّ بشلك اكمل شامل. فانطالقا من هذا، احلاجة ماسة إىل صياغة مقاربة أرخبيلية حل خالل صياغة منهج جديد يسىم بدمج املصدرين أو يقال بادلمج بني املصدرين. ويتم تنفيذه عرب دمج مصدرين هما مصادر الترشيع اإلساليم والترشيع القانوين حفاظا ىلع االستقرار وصيانة للبالد عن االنهيار. بناء ىلع احلجة السابقة، استند هذا ابلحث ىلع دراسة استقصائية بتحليل املقارب الفقيه يف العرب واندونيسيا. من خالل ذلك املنهج، قصد ابلحث يلكشف موضوع الفقه العرب كمرجع يف صياغة الفقه بمنهج االجتمايع واثلقايف للمجتمع اإلندونييس. استنتج هذا ابلحث بأن ً بني مصادر الفقه اإلساليم ومصادر القانون الشعب اإلندونييس كجهد إلنشاء منتجات الفقهية اتلكيفية هناك تكامل يف إندونيسيا. The methods of ijtihâd and istinbâth have been adopted and practiced by all schools of thought of Islamic jurisprudence (madzhab fiqh). The Middle Ages witnessed a tremendous development in which theories and approaches emerged in the field of istinbâth al-ahkâm (deducing legal provisions) both in ushûl (principles) and fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence). However, there are two gaps, regional and temporal ones, between Indonesia and Arabian countries where that development took place. These have been impeding the application of those developed provisions fully and comprehensively. From this point of view, there is an urgent need to formulate an archipelagic (Nusantara, Ind.) approach to solve the issues of jurisprudence in Indonesia through the formulation of a new approach by integrating or merging 2 (two) legal sources. It is implemented through the integration of two sources, the Islamic and Indonesian legislation sources with the purposes of preserving the country’s stability and preventing it from its collapse. According to the above argumentation, this study is carried out through a literature review with an analytical study on the fiqh approach in Arab and Indonesia. This is then intended to conduct a study of fiqh in Arab countries as the reference to formulate fiqh with the sociocultural approach of the Indonesian society. The findings indicates that there is an integration between the source of Islamic law and the Indonesian law as an effort to build an adaptive product of fiqh in Indonesia.
Implementing Morals and Religious Education in Islamic Boarding Schools to Prevent Radicalism-Terrorism
Authors: Saepudin Saepudin , Miftahudin Miftahudin , Hamdan Hamdan
Published: October 2024

This study described the implementation of the morality of santri in pesantren (Islamic boarding schools) in Serang City to prevent radicalism-terrorism under the guise of religion. This study used qualitative research because it concentrated on curiosity about implementing santri's morality in preventing radicalism-terrorism. In collecting research data, researchers used the method of observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of this study indicated that students' morality could be improved through the implementation of habituation (habit) of students such as qiyamul lail prayer, reading, memorizing and practicing the Quran, morning and evening remembrance, learning faith, sharia, and morals. Religious education in Islamic boarding schools has a role in filtering and countering the notion of radicalism-terrorism. Religious education applied in the form of habituation to students in learning according to the curriculum of religious education, especially the education of aqidah firqah (group) ahlussunnah waljama'ah, Islamic sharia manhaj (method) four schools of thought, and morals tariqah (way) sufism. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan implementasi akhlakul karimah santri di pondok pesantren se-Kota Serang dalam upaya mencegah paham-paham radikalisme-terorisme yang berkedok agama. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kualitatif, hal ini dikarenakan akan lebih konsentrasi pada keingintahuan tentang implementasi akhlakul karimah santri dalam mencegah radikalisme-terorisme. Dalam pengumpulan data penelitian di lapangan, peneliti menggunakan metode observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini adalah akhlakul karimah santri dapat ditingkatkan melalui implementasi pembiasaan (habit) santri seperti shalat qiyamul lail, membaca, menghafal dan mengamalkan Alquran, zikir pagi dan petang, belajar ilmu akidah, syariah, dan akhlak. Pendidikan keagamaan di pondok pesantren memiliki peran filterisasi dan menangkal paham radikalisme-terorisme. Pendidikan keagamaan diterapkan dalam bentuk pembiasaan pada santri dalam belajar sesuai dengan kurikulum pendidikan agama terutama pendidikan akidah firqah (golongan) ahlussunnah waljama’ah, syariah Islam manhaj (metode) empat madzhab, dan akhlak thariqah (jalan) tasawuf.
The Struggle for Religious Ideologies in the Educational Institutions of Muhammadiyah and Nahdlatul Ulama: A Phenomenological Study in East Java
Authors: Mardiana Dina , Umiarso Umiarso , Thoifah I’anatut
Published: October 2024

This study focused on the phenomena or dynamics of the struggle for religious ideology that occur in the educational institutions (SMP/MTs and SMA/MA) of Muhammadiyah and Nahdlatul Ulama in East Java. Therefore, this study sought to see the internalization of the religious ideological values of Muhammadiyah and Nahdlatul Ulama in their education systems. Especially, when looking at clashes of religious thought that contain other ideologies (such as transnational (Salafi, Wahabi, and Shia), conservative/traditional, and reformist/modernist ideologies). This study used a qualitative approach and techniques for data collection used participatory observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation studies. The data analysis used the Miles, Huberman, and Saldana model consisting of four stages, namely, data collection, data condensation, data display, and conclusion. This study found that the educational institutions of Muhammadiyah and Nahdlatul Ulama have paradigmatic similarities, namely, ideology is positioned and functionalized as the motive and legitimacy of their educational actions and religious privileges. The expanding opportunities for dissemination and reproduction of other ideologies in their educational institutions are due to the very open nature of their religious understanding (Muhammadiyah has an understanding of Islamic Manhaji, and Nahdlatul Ulama has an understanding of Islamic mahzabi). Riset ini memfokuskan pada fenomena atau dinamika pergulatan ideologi keagamaan yang terjadi di kelembagaan pendidikan (SMP/MTs dan SMA/MA) Muhammadiyah dan Nahdlatul Ulama di propinsi Jawa Timur. Karenanya, riset ini berupaya melihat internalisasi nilai-nilai ideologis keagamaan Muhammadiyah dan Nahdlatul Ulama dalam sistem kependidikannya. Terutama ketika melihat benturan-benturan pemikiran keagamaan yang memuat ideologi lain (seperti ideologi transnasional (Salafi, Wahabi, dan Syi’ah), konservatif/tradisional, dan reformis/modernis). Riset ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data memakai observasi partisipasi, wawancara mendalam; dan studi dokumentasi. Analisis datanya memakai model Miles, Huberman, dan Saldana yang terdiri dari empat tahap, yaitu: koleksi data, kondensasi data, display data, dan kesimpulan. Riset ini menemukan, kelembagaan pendidikan Muhammadiyah dan Nahdlatul Ulama memiliki persamaan paradigmatik, yaitu: ideologi diposisikan dan difungsionalisasikan sebagai motif serta legitimasi tindakan kependidikan dan privelege keberagamaan mereka. Pembentangan peluang diseminasi dan reproduksi ideologi lain di kelembagaan pendidikan mereka, disebabkan sifat pemahaman keagamaan mereka yang sangat terbuka (Muhammadiyah berpahaman Islam Manhaji, dan Nahdlatul Ulama memiliki pemahaman Islam mazhabi).
Exploring Students’ Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS): Best Practice in 13 Curriculum at Islamic High School in Bengkulu
Authors: Riswanto Riswanto
Published: October 2024

In order to apply what has been learnt in a contemporary situation, Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) serve as a metaphor for transferring knowledge and skills. Curriculum 2013 places emphasis on these diverse higher order thinking processes. This study intended to examine what challenges students at Islamic High School in Bengkulu had while using HOTS to answer questions about reading and what caused them to still make mistakes in this situation. The research was descriptive in nature. Techniques of data collection subsumed observation, interviews, and documentation. The results demonstrated that the students still struggled with word misinterpretation at the analysis stage. They had a hard time understanding the information in the provided text during the evaluating stage, and they also struggled to analyze the questions’ intentions. The students had a hard time coming up with concepts for new items during the creation stage. The second discovery demonstrated that the elements such as time, students’ mastery, students’ learning abilities, and the learning environment should all be taken into account. This study concluded that some of these issues, including obstacles, may be to blame for students' poor aptitude for solving HOTS-based problems. This study contributes to providing English academicians with the demographic picture of students’ challenges and factors related to HOTS. Untuk menerapkan apa yang telah dipelajari dalam situasi kontemporer, keterampilan berpikir tingkat tinggi berfungsi sebagai metafora untuk mentransfer pengetahuan dan keterampilan. Kurikulum 2013 menekankan pada beragam proses berpikir tingkat tinggi ini. Penelitian ini bermaksud untuk mengkaji tantangan apa yang dimiliki siswa Madrasah Aliyah Bengkulu saat menggunakan HOTS untuk menjawab pertanyaan tentang membaca dan apa yang menyebabkan mereka masih melakukan kesalahan dalam situasi tersebut. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif. Metode pengumpulan data kualitatif meliputi observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa subjek masih berkutat dengan kesalahan interpretasi kata pada tahap analisis. Individu kesulitan memahami informasi dalam teks yang disediakan selama tahap evaluasi, dan mereka juga berjuang untuk menganalisis maksud pertanyaan. Ketiga subjek mengalami kesulitan untuk menghasilkan konsep item baru selama tahap pembuatan. Penemuan kedua adalah bahwa unsur-unsur seperti waktu, penguasaan siswa, kemampuan belajar siswa, dan lingkungan belajar semuanya harus diperhitungkan. Peneliti dapat menarik kesimpulan bahwa beberapa masalah ini, termasuk hambatan, mungkin menjadi penyebab rendahnya kemampuan siswa dalam memecahkan masalah berbasis HOTS. Penelitian ini memeberikan akademisi Bahasa Inggris tentang gambaran demografi terkait tantangan dan faktor HOTS siswa.
Teacher Quality Dimensions in Improving the Quality of National Education at Madrasah Aliyah in Lampung
Authors: Dacholfani Muhammad Ihsan , Wibowo Agus , Fadillah Muhammad Kharis
Published: October 2024

This article explores the development of teacher quality dimensions in improving the quality of national education. Methods This research uses a case study with a mixed methods approach. The sampling technique uses a random sampling technique with respondents. Based on the findings in this study, the results of the analysis were obtained with a Satorra-Bentler Scaled Chi-Square value of 189.190 and a p-value coefficient of 0.070 > 0.05, RMSEA of 0.030 <0.080, CFI ≥ 0.90, so the model obtained is "good fit" (acceptable model suitability) then the dimensions in the professional management of teachers in improving the quality of education are the three dimensions of learning which include lesson preparation, implementation, and evaluation. In addition, the results of the information obtained by students expect quality teachers such as having preparation, knowledge/ability in teaching, class management, personality, dedication, open-mindedness, responsibility, varied teaching methods, punctual work, and good judgment. This research suggests that if changes in the education system need to be developed, policy recommendations prioritize teacher staff and the determinants of teacher effectiveness. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mendalami perkembangan dimensi kualitas guru dalam meningkatkan mutu pendidikan nasional. Metode Penelitian ini menggunakan studi kasus dengan pendekatan mix methods. Teknik sampling menggunakan teknik random sampling dengan responden. Berdasarkan temuan pada penelitian ini diperoleh hasil analisis dengan nilai Satorra-Bentler Scaled Chi-Square sebesar 189,190 dan koefisien p value sebesar 0,070 > 0,05, RMSEA sebesar 0,030 < 0,080, CFI ≥ 0,90 maka model yang diperoleh adalah “good fit” (kecocokan model dapat diterima). Oleh sebab itu, dimensi dalam pengelolaan profesional guru dalam meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan yaitu pada tiga dimensi pembelajaran yang meliputi persiapan pembelajaran, implementasi dan evaluasi. Selain itu, hasil informasi yang diperoleh siswa mengharapkan guru yang berkualitas seperti memiliki persiapan, pengetahuan/ kemampuan dalam mengajar, manajemen kelas, berkepribadian, berdedikasi, berpikiran terbuka, bertanggung jawab, metode pengajaran yang bervariasi, tepat waktu dalam bekerja serta melakukan penilaian yang baik. Saran penelitian ini yaitu jika perubahan sistem pendidikan perlu dikembangkan maka rekomendasi kebijakan mengedepankan tenaga guru dan faktor penentu efektivitas guru.
Neo-Ahl Al-Hadîts In Contemporary Islamic Legal Thought: The Influence of Nâshir al-Dîn al-Albânî in the Salafist Movement in Indonesia
Authors: Faizin Afwan
Published: October 2024

Nâshîr al-Dîn al-Albânî is one of the most influential figure in the contemporary Salafist movement, alongside Bin Bâz and Uthaymin. This article will discuss the influence of Nasir al-Din al-Albâni on Indonesian Salafi Islamic legal thought. In the discourse of Islamic legal thought in Indonesia, some scholars explain the importance of al-Albânî's role in defending Ibn Bâz's fatwas by writing dozens of works, including his fatwas, that have been translated into Indonesian. On the other hand, other scholars emphasized al-Albânî's central role in the global Salafist movement as a contemporary Salafist ideologue. This figure calls for ijtihad based on authentic traditions and rejects tackled and bequeaths his brand of Salafism in deconstructing the traditions of schools of fiqh. The research question is what is the influence of al-Albânî's takhrîj traditions on Indonesian Salafist Islamic legal thought? This is qualitative research with a historical, hadith scientific, and sociological approach. The findings of this study are that the traditions of takhrîj al-Albânî and its understanding have led to the strengthening of a strict literal way of Islamic law. Al-Albâni greatly influenced Indonesian Salafists in forming a pattern of thought called "Neo-Ahl al-Hadîts". The Neo-Ahl al-Hadîts legal thought inflicts radical and intolerant attitudes among Indonesian Salafist. Nâshir al-Dîn al-Albânî adalah salah satu tokoh paling berpengaruh dalam gerakan Salafi kontemporer, bersama Bin Bâz dan Uthaymin. Artikel ini akan membahas pengaruh Nâshir al-Dîn al-Albânî dalam pemikiran hukum Islam Salafi Indonesia. Dalam wacana pemikiran hukum Islam di Indonesia, beberapa ulama menjelaskan pentingnya peran al-Albânî dalam membela fatwa-fatwa Ibnu Bâz dengan menulis puluhan karya, termasuk fatwanya, yang telah diterjemahkan ke dalam bahasa Indonesia. Di sisi lain, ulama lain menekankan peran sentral al-Albânî dalam gerakan Salafi global sebagai ideolog Salafi kontemporer. Tokoh ini menyerukan ijtihad berdasarkan hadis shahih dan menolak menegur dan mewariskan merek Salafismenya dalam mendekonstruksi tradisi mazhab fikih. Pertanyaan penelitiannya adalah bagaimana pengaruh tradisi takhrîj al-Albânî terhadap pemikiran hukum Islam Salafi Indonesia? Jenis penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan sejarah, ilmu hadis, dan pendekatan sosiologis. Temuan penelitian ini adalah bahwa hadis takhrîj al-Albânî dan pemahamannya telah menyebabkan penguatan hukum Islam secara literal yang sangat kaku. Al-Albâni sangat mempengaruhi kaum Salafi Indonesia dalam membentuk pola pemikiran yang disebut “Neo-Ahl al-Hadîts”. Kemudian, pemikiran hukum Neo-ahl al-Hadîts melahirkan sikap radikal dan intoleran di kalangan Salafi Indonesia.
Philosophy of Fatwa Muhammadiyah and Nahdatul Ulama Against Changes in Worship Activities Due to Covid 19
Authors: Syafaruddin Syafaruddin , Nasution Hasan Bakti , Tanjung Dhiauddin
Published: October 2024

This study aimed at discussing the philosophical basis of the fatwa of Muhammadiyah and Nahdatul Ulama at Labuhanbatu Regency regarding changes in worship activities due to Covid 19. This study was descriptive field research. Data collection techniques used are interviews and documentation. The analysis technique used is Miles and Huberman. The findings of this study were the philosophy of the Muhammadiyah fatwa regarding changes in worship activities due to covid 19 based on the hifdzu al-nafs wa al-dîn command. The obligation to look after oneself and is inseparable. Meanwhile, the philosophy of Nahdatul Ulama's fatwa was based on the maqâshid al-syarî`ah principle, namely jalbu al-mashâlih wa dar’u al-mafâsid. Nahdatul Ulama, the largest Islamic organization, comprehends that worship should not neglect the soul's safety. The basis of this philosophy can be observed from the concept of the `indal khauf prayer. Prayer is an  obligatory worship, but in conditions where the safety of the soul is threatened, the practice of praying can adjust to the conditions; even if this dharurat condition is drastic, the scholars allow fî ayyi amkân prayer practice.  Penelitian ini membahas landasan filosofi fatwa Muhammadiyah dan Nahdatul Ulama Kabupaten Labuhanbatu terhadap perubahan aktivitas ibadah akibat covid 19. Studi ini adallah penelitian lapangan yang berifat deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah wawancara dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisa yang digunakan adalah Miles dan Huberman. Temuan penelitian ini adalah filosofi fatwa Muhammadiyah terhadap perubahan aktivitas ibadah akibat covid 19 didasarkan pada perintah hifdzu al-nafs wa al-dîn. Kewajiban menjaga diri dan agama saling bersinergi tidak bisa dipisah-pisahkan antara satu dengan lainnya. Sedangkan  filosofi fatwa Nahdatul Ulama didasari oleh prinsip maqâshid al-syarî`ah yakni jalbu al-mashâlih wa dar’u al-mafâsid. Nahdatul Ulama sebagai organisasi Islam terbesar sangat paham sekali bahwa ibadah tidak boleh mengesampingakan keselamatan jiwa. Dasar filosofi ini terlihat pada konsep salat `indal khauf. Ibadah shalat merupakan ibadah yang sangat wajib dan harus dilaksanakan, namun dalam kondisi keselamatan jiwa terancam maka praktek ibadah shalat ini bisa menyesuaikan kondisi, bahkan jika kondisi darurat ini sudah sangat parah maka para ulama membolehkan shalat fî ayyi amkân.