bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La stimulation magnétique transcrânienne répétée du cortex moteur primaire dans la fibromyalgie : résultats des soins courants au CHU de Montpellier, recherche de potentiels facteurs prédictifs de réponse
Authors: Gonon-Demoulian R. , Ginies P. , Attal J.
Published: January 2022

La stimulation magnétique transcrânienne répétée (rTMS) devient une option non médicamenteuse intéressante dans le traitement de la douleur chronique. Des données tangibles de son efficacité dans la fibromyalgie (FM) ont conduit à une recommandation de grade B. Cependant, il n’existe pas d’éléments prédictifs de réponse à la rTMS dans la FM. Ce travail a deux objectifs : premièrement, de réaliser une analyse rétrospective de l’intérêt de la rTMS du cortex moteur primaire (M1) chez des patients souffrant de FM traités en soins courants au CHU de Montpellier, et deuxièmement de rechercher de potentiels facteurs prédictifs de la réponse à la rTMS. 31 patients ont bénéficié d’une cure complète de rTMS, on retrouve un bénéfice analgésique significatif pour 19 patients (61,3 %) et sur quatorze patients ayant bénéficié d’un protocole d’entretien complet, ce bénéfice est maintenu pour dix patients (71,4 %). L’EN Douleur diminue en moyenne de 2,18 points (–32 %) en fin de cure et de 2,54 points (–42 %) en fin d’entretien. La sévérité douloureuse à la BPI diminue de 1,7 points (–27 %) en fin de cure. La qualité de vie apparait améliorée en fin de cure avec baisse des scores de la FIQ et de l’interférence à la BPI, respectivement de 15,5 points (–21 %) et de 1,9 points (–30 %). Ces résultats paraissent se maintenir en entretien. Concernant la recherche de potentiels facteurs prédictifs de réponse à la rTMS, le maintien d’une activité professionnelle est associé à une meilleure réponse. L’usage de morphiniques et le sexe masculin sont associés à de moindres bénéfices. La rTMS en soins de la FM a des résultats positifs sur la douleur et la qualité de vie avec peu d’effets indésirables. Cette étude confirme l’intérêt de sa place en soins courant de FM. Une meilleure définition du profil des patients auxquels proposer la rTMS et la place de la rTMS dans la séquence thérapeutique constituent des enjeux afin de mieux cibler les soins à proposer pour la FM.
Language, Women and Discourse in Toni Morrison’s Fiction
Authors: Ahmad Mumtaz , Hayat Umar , Iqbal Nasir
Published: January 2022

The present study, grounded in the qualitative research paradigm, is an interpretive and explanatory analysis of Toni Morrison's fiction from the critical perspective of post structuralist feminist literary theory and fiction. In my reading of Toni Morrison's fiction as the manifestation/materialization of the knowledge in terms of discursive (re)configuration of women and to analyze their works from "feminine sentence" perspective, I have used Feminist poststructuralist theories in the discourse-theoretical/methodological background. As part of the methodology, this project draws extensively upon feminist theories, particularly those propounded by French Feminists Helene Cixous and Julia Kristeva, which I have used in the backdrop of discourse analysis methods proposed by Michel Foucault. This fusion of Feminist theories as a theoretical framework and discourse analysis as a methodology has illuminated systematically the process of the discursive formation, dissemination, and institutionalization of the knowledge about women. For my analysis of the discourse spectrum of the texts-to-be-analyzed, I have used extensively Foucault's notions about discourse and knowledge as discussed comprehensively in his books, articles, and interviews.
EFFICACY OF PILER IRRADIATION IN THE INTEGRATED TREATMENT OF INFLAMMATORY DISEASES OF PERIODONTIC TISSUES
Authors: Danko E.M. , Kostenko E.Ya. , Kostenko S.B. , Pantyo V.V.
Published: January 2022

Introduction. Inadequate efficacy of medication for periodontal diseases leads to the search for new ways to treat this group of diseases, and, in particular, by using non-drug methods. Among the latter, the use of low-intensity radiation, in particular Polychromatic Incoherent Low Energy Radiation, PILER, seems very promising and becoming more widespread. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of PILER irradiation in the integrated treatment of patients with acute and chronic catarrhal gingivitis. Materials and methods. We examined 26 patients with inflammatory periodontal diseases aged from 17 to 28 years. We carried out clinical examination of all participants, performed Schiller-Pisarev tests, and determined Fedorov-Volodkina and Parma PMA indices. Orthopantomogram and laboratory investigation were also performed. Patients were divided into 4 groups: group 1 included patients with acute catarrhal gingivitis, and group 2 included patients with chronic catarrhal gingivitis, who took the courses of PILER irradiation of the gingival mucosa with red and purple filters in addition to standard therapy; group 3rd included patients with acute catarrhal gingivitis, and group 4 involved patients with chronic catarrhal gingivitis, who received the medication only without the PILER irradiation course. We used the Bioptron "MedAll" device. Results and discussion. After the course of integrated treatment, the patients of groups 1 and 2 demonstrated faster and more pronounced improvement of clinical signs compared with groups 3 and 4. The patients of group 1 were registered to experience improvement on day 3 of the treatment; on the 14th day of the treatment, Fedorov-Volodkina index and PMA were assessed as by 15.4 and 15.6% better compared to group 3. The patients of group 2 found to have the improvement on the 7th day of the treatment; on the 14th day of the treatment, the values of the FedorovVolodkina and PMA indexes were by 14.3 and 17.2% better compared with those in group 4. Conclusions. PILER irradiation in combination with medication accelerates and improves the treatment of acute and chronic catarrhal gingivitis, compared with the use of drug therapy alone, improves microcirculation and periodontal tissue trophism.
IMPACT OF SODIUM NITRITE AND PONСEAU 4R ON RESPIRATORY SYSTEM: THEORETICAL GROUNDING AND SIGNIFICANCE
Authors: Donets I. M. , Yeroshenko H.A. , Hryhorenko A. S. , Shevchenko K. V. , Kinash O. V.
Published: January 2022

Nowadays, food industry is growing quite rapidly. Today food industry uses hundreds of food additives in order to obtain new products and achieve certain technological goals. In most European countries, food industry applies more than 540 known food additives; in the United States their number, including the corresponding mixtures, exceeds 1.500, in Russia – 450 positions, in Ukraine until 2019, 300 food additives were allowed to be applied. At present, a large number of complex food additives are getting more and more in use. They are the mixtures of additives for a single peculiar or different technological purpose. The main requirement for food additives is their safety, non-toxicity, non-carcinogenicity, non-mutagenicity, no teratogenic effects (on the foetus) and no allergic effects. The safety of a food supplement depends on its dose, i.e., the amount of food additive substance that enters the body per day. Dangerous dietary supplements that should be avoided include sodium nitrite, monosodium glutamate, and ponceau 4 R. These supplements are strictly prohibited in many countries because of their potential risks and fatal outcomes for the human health. In recent years, the consumption of food supplements has increased significantly, therefore the study of the effects of sodium nitrite and ponсeau 4R on the respiratory system is one of an urgent clinical and dietary problem. The aim of this study is to highlight the theoretical aspects of the effects of sodium nitrite and ponceau 4 R on the respiratory system, as well as to collect, analyse and synthesise literature data on the issue of food additives and their detrimental effect on human health. Numerous studies show that consumption of sodium nitrite and ponceau 4 R increases the potential risk of cancer, diabetes, lung disease, and Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease. These supplements increase the hyperactivity of children; they can also provoke allergic reaction and cause anaphylactic shock, or trigger asthma attacks or breathing problems in people with aspirin intolerance, therefore, the study of the effects caused by food additives is appropriate, clinically and socially relevant.
COMPARISON OF MODERN SCORING SYSTEMS OT ASSESS THE SEVERITY AND TO PREDICT THE COURSE OF ACUTE PANCREATITIS
Authors: Kerbazh N. , Panasenko S.
Published: January 2022

Introduction. Acute pancreatitis is one of the most common clinical problems in the daily practice of a surgeon that often becomes quite difficult to solve even for experienced clinicians having long experience. The available data on the comparison of the existing criteria for acute pancreatitis are rather contradictory, therefore, the choice of the optimal method to assess a patient with acute pancreatitis is still relevant and requires further study. Aim: to compare the capabilities of existing systems of acute pancreatitis assessment in predicting the course of acute pancreatitis. Materials and methods. Receiver operating characteristic (ROCcurve) was used to assess the predictive value of each set of criteria; the area under the curve (AUC) of the five scoring systems was calculated individually for both groups of patients. Results. The study compared the predictive opportunities of Marshall, BISAP, HAPS, Panc 3, and JPN criteria. From 36 patients, severe acute pancreatitis developed in 9 (25%) patients, of whom 3 (8.4%) died because of complications. AUC for Marshall, BISAP, HAPS, Panc 3 and JPN criteria was 0.829 (0.667-0.934) 0.899 (0.752-0.974), 0.885 (0.734-0.967), 0.870 (0.716-0.959), 0.969 (0.850-0.999), respectively. Pairwise comparison of the ROC-curves of the criteria revealed that a statistically significant difference in the AUC was determined only between the JPN system and Panc 3 (P <0.05), while the JPN criteria turned out to be the most informative in predicting the severe course of acute pancreatitis. Conclusion. Thus, all the criteria systems that took part in the comparison showed a moderate level of prognostic capabilities and did not have statistically significant differences in the general. However, it is worth noting that the Japanese criteria showed the highest performance with minimal time losses. Given the small number of patients in the severe acute pancreatitis group at a single-centre study, the results may differ from those that can be obtained from a larger cohort of patients. Further research in this direction is required to confirm the results obtained.
ANALYSIS OF FACTORS AFFECTING THE PSYCHO-EMOTIONAL STATE OF INDIVIDUALS CARING FOR PATIENTS WITH DEMENTIA
Authors: Orlova O.V.
Published: January 2022

The number of people with dementia is growing worldwide, and the prognosis is pointing out a significant increase in the overall prevalence of the disease because of aging. The deterioration of the patient's condition results in the increasing load on guardians that, in turns, leads to the deterioration of their psychoemotional state, and subsequently to the appearance or exacerbation of chronic somatic diseases. The purpose of this study is to determine the features of the psycho-emotional state in people who caring for patients with dementia. It has been found that almost 80% of patients with dementia receive care from their relatives. Care-givers for these patients are at risk of depression, anxiety and psychological stress. It has been stated that the high level of workload of caregivers largely depends on the patient’s ability to daily activity and the severity of dementia. Physical, emotional and economic overstrain leads to stress and an increase in cases of depressive, anxiety disorders in caregivers. Our study has identified factors influencing the mental health of caregivers, among which the severity of dementia and the patient's ability to be active and perform daily routine. It has been found that depending on the level of psychological stress, people with high levels of mental stress are more likely to show asthenia (p<0.001), social maladaptation (p<0.005), anxiety (p<0.001) and depression (p <0.001). This category of people needs psychological and counselling support. It is important to educate caregivers and to develop psychoeducational measures aimed at understanding the improvement of one's own psychological health, quality of life and determining the key role of care in meeting one's own needs.
SYNDROME OF "RAPID" BILIARY DECOMPRESSION IN COMMON BILE DUCT OBSTRUCTION OF VARIOUS ETIOLOGY
Authors: Shevchuk M.P. , Dudchenko M.A. , Ivashchenko D.M. , Kravtsiv M.I. , Prikhidko R.A.
Published: January 2022

Surgical interventions performed on the background of obstructive jaundice are characterized by a significant risk of complications and characterized by high post-surgical mortality. The modern approach to the treatment of patients of this category regulates a certain sequence of treatment measures, provides for the implementation of minimally invasive interventions at the first stage of treatment. In some patients, despite adequate and minimally invasive bile excretion, the general condition can worsen. This condition, known as “rapid” biliary decompression syndrome, is a severe complication is difficult to treat and often fatal and requires further study. The aim of this study is to improve the results of treatment of patients with obstructive jaundice through timely prediction, early diagnosis and the use of effective therapy for the syndrome of "rapid" biliary decompression. The results of treatment of 76 patients with obstructive jaundice of various origins, who underwent 98 minimally invasive surgical interventions to eliminate biliary hypertension, were investigated. Complications of following the interventions were analyzed, including the “rapid” biliary decompression syndrome. Clinical and laboratory criteria and signs of “rapid” biliary decompression syndrome were formulated using the methods for calculating the rate of biliary decompression and the intensity of the decrease in bilirubin. When performing bile draining operations in patients with obstructive jaundice, one should expect the development of a syndrome of "rapid" biliary decompression. It can manifest both through individual signs and their combination that requires the immediate implementation of all the necessary therapeutic measures.
Diverticulitis perforada causante de fascitis necrotizante de miembro inferior
Authors: Aguiriano Casanova María del Mar , Ponce Villar Úrsula , Peiró Monzó Fabián , Montesinos Carmen , Seguí Jesús
Published: January 2022

Mujer de 59 años, con antecedentes de diverticulosis de colon, que acude por dolor en la región inguinal y en el miembro inferior izquierdo de dos meses de evolución.

En una primera instancia, la paciente se presentó con clínica de sepsis y se objetivó un eritema en el miembro inferior izquierdo, asociado a celulitis y crepitación subcutánea.

La TC mostraba una colección hidroaérea en psoas y retroperitoneal que asciende hasta la cavidad abdominal hallándose una diverticulitis perforada. El tratamiento quirúrgico se basó en el drenaje de la colección retroperitoneal y sigmoidectomía, seguido de una fasciotomía, desbridamiento y lavado del muslo.

La perforación de un divertículo puede formar un absceso intraperitoneal desarrollando una peritonitis o un absceso retroperitoneal, derivando en una translocación bacteriana hacia la extremidad inferior, debido a la comunicación existente en el anillo crural, generando una fascitis necrotizante del miembro.
SOLID MEDICAL WASTE MANAGEMENT COSTS BETWEEN OUTSOURCING AND SELF-MANAGED SYSTEM AT HOSPITAL DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Bayusunuputro Billy Zia Napoleon , Suryawati Chriswardani , Nurjazuli Nurjazuli
Published: January 2022

Health service programs aim to improve the level of societyâ€™s health. On one side, it will give benefit public health, and on the other side, it will have a bad impact if the process is not managed appropriately. Health service activities produces wastes, one of which is solid waste. It is important to know the problem related to the process and cost of the solid medical waste management, which is part of the B3 wastes (hazardous and toxic wastes). The B3 waste management is under the supervision of public health facilities which have the security and cost responsibilities. The costs include investment cost, maintenance cost, cooperation cost or cost of the third-hand management, and consumable cost. This study compares solid medical waste cost between outsourcing systems and self-management systems in the X hospital during the Covid-19 pandemic. This study uses descriptive research in a qualitative approach through observation, document review, and cost calculation for data collection. The study results show that the process of solid medical waste management has been running well. In addition, self-managed solid medical waste management is cheaper than outsourcing management.
PERCEPTIONS OF TRADITIONAL MEDICINES FOR SELF-MEDICATION AMONG PEOPLE IN DIENG PLATEAU CENTRAL JAVA PROVINCE, INDONESIA
Authors: Widayati Aris , Candrasari Damiana Sapta , Mariana Lusia Jois , Veronica Veronica
Published: January 2022

Traditional medicines are commonly used in the community. One type of traditional medicinesÂ that is popular among people is "jamu". "Jamu" can be made from plants, animals, minerals, or a mixture of them that has been used for generations based on empiric experience.Â This study aimed to describe perceptions of the use of traditional medicines for self-medication among people in Dieng Plateau, Kejajar, Wonosobo, Central Java Province. This is a descriptive studyÂ with a qualitative approach. Respondents were adults more than 18 years old who had experience in using traditional medicines and were selected with non-random accidental sampling. Thirty-one (31) respondents signed informed consent. Data were collected using an interview guideline and analyzed using enumerative approach. Most of the respondents used traditional medicines for self-medication one to five times a month. They expressed that traditional medicine is like "Jamu", primarily liquid, with limited or no side effects. Traditional medicine was mostly obtained from local groceries at affordable prices. Most of the respondents have a positive attitude towards the use of traditional medicines. They have the willingness to use traditional medicines to deal with their symptoms or minor illnesses. Their satisfaction experience in using traditional medicine will motivate them to do so in the future. Based on the results, it can be said that traditional medicines have an important role in the health care system particularly for self-medication.
POTENTIAL OF JAMBLANG (Syzygium cumini L.) LEAF EXTRACT ON BODY WEIGHT OF WISTAR RATS METABOLIC SYNDROME MODEL
Authors: Nurwati Ida , AR Risya Cilmiaty , Hermawan Danus , Saptiwi Betty , Budiani Dyah Ratna , Subandono Jarot , Martini Martini , Muthmainah Muthmainah , Sarsono Sarsono , Handayani Selfi
Published: January 2022

Jamblang (Syzygium cumini L.)Â leaves contain several phytochemical compounds. These phytochemicals are thought to have roles as antihyperglycemic, antihyperlipidemic, and antioxidant agents. This study aims to prove that there is an effect of giving ethanolic extract of jamblang leaves on body weight (BW) of metabolic syndrome (MS) Wistar rats induced by high-fat high-fructrose diet (HFFD) and injection of Streptozotocin (STZ)-Nicotinamide (Na), to determine different doses effect on the weight of Wistar rats. Laboratory experimental research with pre-post test control group. Samples were 8 weeks male Wistar (Rattus noverigicus) weighing 150-200 grams chosen by purposive random sampling method. ThirtyÂ rats were divided into 5 groups, each consisting of 6 rats. Normal group, metabolic syndrome group, 3 treatment groups MSÂ were given jamblang leaf extract 100 mg/KgBW, 150mg/KgBW, 200mg/KgBW for 28 days. Data were analyzed by one way ANOVA test and repeated ANOVA test. The study showed an ethanolic extract of Jamblang leaves can reduce weight loss in Wistar rats with a metabolic syndrome model, and that the best dose used in this experiment is 150 mg/kgBW per day in Wistar rats with a metabolic syndrome model.
ACCURATE DETECTION OF VIRAL SEROTYPE DENGUE HEMORRHAGIC FEVER THROUGH AEDES SP MOSQUITOES USING REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION (RT-PCR)
Authors: Tatontos Erlin Yustin , Fihiruddin Fihiruddin , Inayati Nurul
Published: January 2022

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) caused Dengue virus which transmitted through the bite of the Aedes sp.Â Detection of dengue virus serotypes is essential for epidemiology as well as potential disease pathogens. RT-PCR method was more effective in mosquitoes, because the virus contained in the mosquito body is passed on to the next generation (trans ovarian). The purpose of this research is to know the serotype of DHF virusÂ accurately through vector mosquito using RT-PCR method in Mataram City, so that vector control, early diagnosis and management of DHF disease could be done quickly and precisely. This research was a laboratory explorative research with cross sectional design that determines serotype of DHF virus through vector mosquito using RT-PCR method in Mataram City. The population of this study were Aedes aegypti female mosquitoes from eggs. Collected from housesÂ located in Community Health CenterÂ Mataram city worked area with high dengue cases: Pagesangan, Karang Taliwang, Karang Pule, Tanjung Karang, Mataram,Â and SelaparangÂ especially around the houseâ€™sÂ sufferers. The results showed that only the mosquito group from the worked area of the Mataram Community Health Center showed the ribbon image with the base pair in accordance with serotype 1 (DENGUE 1), the other negative.
Efficacy of dynamic quadripolar radiofrequency assessed by advanced ultrasound technologies
Authors:   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Dobrokhotova Yu.E. , Komagorov V.I. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Il’ina I.Yu. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Grishin I.I. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Zalesskaya S.A. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: January 2022

Aim: to develop a postoperative rehabilitation program for women with pelvic organ prolapse (POP). Patients and Methods: sixty postmenopausal women aged 55–75 with POP were randomized into two equal groups. All women underwent surgical intervention, which included anterior and posterior colporrhaphy and colpoperineo-levator-plasty. Group 1 women underwent five courses of radiofrequency therapy with a 14-day interval 30 days after surgery. Radiofrequency exposure was addressed by dynamic quadripolar radiofrequency (DQRF). Group 2 women were followed up without any additional rehabilitation measures. Ultrasound (US) examination using compression elastography was performed in all women To assess tissue elasticity. Neovascularization of vaginal walls was evaluated by superb microvascular imaging (SMI). The vascular intensity of the selected area of the vaginal wall was measured by automatic calculation of the vascularization index. US was performed twice, e.g., before and after surgery and rehabilitation (in group 1) or three months after surgery (in group 2). Results: in women who underwent DQRF therapy, an increase in the elasticity of vaginal walls was reported that indirectly demonstrates the increase in type 1 collagen and improvement of tissue vascularization. After surgery and radiofrequency therapy, the vascularization index increased by 1.6 times in group 1 and 1.2 times in group 2 compared to baseline. No postoperative complications were reported. Conclusion: this rehabilitation program is recommended for women who underwent surgical intervention for POP, given the efficacy and safety of radiofrequency therapy in the postoperative period. KEYWORDS: pelvic organ prolapse, rehabilitation period, dynamic quadripolar radiofrequency, dynamic quadripolar radiofrequency therapy, tissue elasticity, neovascularization, elastography, superb microvascular imaging. FOR CITATION: Dobrokhotova Yu.E., Komagorov V.I., Il’ina I.Yu. et al. Efficacy of dynamic quadripolar radiofrequency assessed by advanced ultrasound technologies. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2021;4(4):311–316 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618- 8430-2021-4-4-311-316.
Vaginal hygiene to prevent postoperative complications in various gynecological diseases
Authors:   A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Moscow, Russian Federation, Manukhin I.B. , Manukhina E.I. ,   A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Moscow, Russian Federation, Safaryan I.R. ,   A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: January 2022

Aim: to assess the efficacy of vaginal care hygiene in women with various gynecological disorders requiring surgical interventions to reduce postoperative complications. Patients and Methods: eighty women aged 39–60 with various gynecological diseases diagnosed with vaginal microbiota abnormalities (E.F. Kir vaginal smear cleanliness grade 3–4) during the preoperative evaluation before a scheduled surgery underwent a complex clinical laboratory examination and treatment. The study group included 60 women who received a complex vaginal preparation containing 100 mg metronidazole and 100 mg miconazole nitrate (1 capsule at night) plus oral metronidazole (500 mg daily) five days before and after surgery. In the control group, vaginal hygiene was performed according to the general management standards (vaginal chlorhexidine 16 mg twice daily or oral metronidazole 500 mg daily for five days) in the presence of complaints and/or abnormalities in vaginal smears identified by microscopy. Results: 14 days after surgery, normal vaginal microbiota was reported in all study group women (vaginal smear cleanliness grade 1–2), while in the control group, vaginal smear cleanliness grade III-IV was reported in 8 women. Postoperative complications occurred in the control group only, i.e., two women were diagnosed with postoperative wound dehiscence after procedures for genital prolapse and two women were diagnosed with subacute infectious inflammatory pelvic disorders. Conclusion: our findings show the efficacy of vaginal hygiene with a complex vaginal preparation before and after pelvic floor surgery, as demonstrated by preventing bacterial vaginosis recurrences and reducing the rate of postoperative complications. KEYWORDS: bacterial vaginosis, vulvovaginal candidiasis, vaginal infection, postoperative complications, vaginal hygiene, metronidazole, miconazole. FOR CITATION: Manukhin I.B., Manukhina E.I., Safaryan I.R. Vaginal hygiene to prevent postoperative complications in various gynecological diseases. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2021;4(4):322–327 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2021-4-4-322-327.
Selenium is a functional component of the female reproductive system. Its role in pregnancy complications
Authors:   Academician E.A. Vagner Perm State Medical University, Perm, Russian Federation, Sadykova G.K. , Olina A.A. ,   Academician E.A. Vagner Perm State Medical University, Perm, Russian Federation,   Минздрав России, Москва, Россия
Published: January 2022

This paper reviews studies on selenium (Se) in human reproduction. Low Se intake is associated with the development of gestational hypertension, miscarriage, premature birth, intrauterine growth restriction, and thyroid gland dysfunction. Therefore, studies on the association between Se deficiency and impaired folliculogenesis, steroidogenesis, and infertility in women are of great interest. Unfortunately, these studies are scarce, and further studies are needed. A significant antioxidant activity of Se-containing enzymes allows for minimizing risks of obstetrical complications associated with placental insufficiency. Therefore, selenium is vital for realizing female reproductive function. However, even given potential risks of insufficient Se-containing product intake, the authors find it unacceptable to recommend Se dotation in the population since toxic effects of Se excess are yet to be fully explored. Further studies on Se biological effects will extend the scope of its use in obstetrics and gynecology in terms of a preventive approach. KEYWORDS: selenium, placental insufficiency, folliculogenesis, steroidogenesis, antioxidant, miscarriage, premature birth, intrauterine growth restriction. FOR CITATION: Sadykova G.K., Olina A.A. Selenium is a functional component of the female reproductive system. Its role in pregnancy complications. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2021;4(4):328–332 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2021-4-4- 328-332.
Solid organ transplantation and pregnancy
Authors:   City Clinical Hospital No. 52, Moscow, Russian Federation, Lysenko M.A. , Kozlov P.V. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Grabovskiy V.M. ,   City Clinical Hospital No. 52, Moscow, Russian Federation, Kokaya I.Yu. ,   City Clinical Hospital No. 52, Moscow, Russian Federation, Osokin I.P. ,   City Clinical Hospital No. 52, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: January 2022

This paper highlights the management of pregnancy, delivery, and the postpartum period after solid organ transplantation. First, statistical data on the prevalence and pattern of organ transplantation are addressed. The most relevant issues of pregnancy management in organ transplant recipients include identifying optimal criteria of transplant function monitoring, assessment of pregnancy and medication effects on the fetus, and pregnancy complication development. Next, the authors review major pharmacological classes of immunosuppressive therapy, pregnancy risks, complications, and outcomes associated with these medications, relevant pregnancy planning and management issues, and delivery in liver and kidney transplant recipients. Finally, the effect of breastfeeding (in the context of regular immunosuppressive therapy) on the postnatal period is discussed. Current data demonstrate that favorable pregnancy outcome after organ transplantation is most likely at least one year after transplantation in case of stable organ functioning, careful monitoring of recipient and transplant, adequate immunosuppressive therapy, diagnostic monitoring of fetus throughout pregnancy, and timely delivery. KEYWORDS: pregnancy, transplantation, liver, kidney, immunosuppressive therapy, complications, breastfeeding. FOR CITATION: Lysenko M.A., Kozlov P.V., Grabovskiy V.M. et al. Solid organ transplantation and pregnancy. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2021;4(4):333–338 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2021-4-4-333-338.
Clinical prognostic relevance of elastin and laminin in children with undifferentiated connective tissue disease
Authors:   Astrakhan State Medical University, Astrakhan, Russian Federation, Cherkasov N.S. , Doronina T.N. ,   Astrakhan State Medical University, Astrakhan, Russian Federation, Prakhov A.V. ,   Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation, Lutsenko Yu.A. ,   Children’s City Polyclinics No. 150, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: January 2022

Aim: to determine clinical prognostic relevance of elastin and laminin in children with undifferentiated connective tissue disease (UCTD). Patients and Methods: 47 children with UCTD aged 3–6 were enrolled. The diagnosis was verified by ruling out genetic disorders via analyzing family tree, genetic consultation, etc. Phenotypic and visceral signs were interpreted based on "Congenital and multifactorial connective tissue diseases in children" guidelines (2016). The results of cardiovascular and urinary tract ultrasound were analyzed. Serum levels of elastin and laminin were measured by the sandwich ELISA using high-sensitive kits. All tests were performed at admission and after two years. Results: prognostic relevance (prognostic coefficient) of individual phenotypic and visceral signs and lab tests and prognostic threshold value (the sum of prognostic coefficients indicating high, moderate, or low risk of UCTD progression) were determined. It was demonstrated that measuring elastin and laminin levels improves the efficacy of UCTD progression risk assessment. This phenomenon was supported by the values of their prognostic coefficient, which were comparable to the values of significant phenotypic and visceral signs. Furthermore, the accuracy of prognosis based on the use of a set of prognostic indicators (phenotypic, visceral, and biochemical) was supported by the escalation of dysplasia signs. After two years, disease progression was reported in 36 out of 38 children with a moderate and high risk of UCTD progression as identified by the initial evaluation. Conclusion: given the relevance of elastin and laminin in dysplasia pathogenesis, these parameters are considered informative to assess the risk of dysplasia progression in children aged 3–6. It is reasonable to use elastin and laminin levels as additional criteria to evaluate the risk of UCTD progression. KEYWORDS: undifferentiated connective tissue disease, prediction, children, phenotypic signs, laminin, elastin, risk of progression, cardiovascular system, urinary system. FOR CITATION: Cherkasov N.S., Doronina T.N., Prakhov A.V., Lutsenko Yu.A. Clinical prognostic relevance of elastin and laminin in children with undifferentiated connective tissue disease. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2021;4(4):351–354 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2021-4-4-351-354.
Familial cases of subacute necrotizing encephalomyelopathy (Leigh syndrome)
Authors:   Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation, Shishkina E.V. , Bazilevskaya T.N. ,   Krasnoyarsk Interregional Children’s Clinical Hospital No. 1, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation, Novikova I.V. ,   Krasnoyarsk Interregional Children’s Clinical Hospital No. 1, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation, Leonova I.V. ,   Krasnoyarsk Interregional Children’s Clinical Hospital No. 1, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation, Astanina Yu.G. ,   I.S. Berzon Krasnoyarsk Interregional City Hospital No. 20, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation, Cheskidova I.I. ,   I.S. Berzon Krasnoyarsk Interregional City Hospital No. 20, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation, Maiseenko D.A. ,   Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
Published: January 2022

Mitochondrial diseases are not uncommon. However, their genetic diagnosis is challenging for practitioners and requires up-to-date hightech methods. Early accurate diagnosis in first probands provides early preclinical genetic testing in all born children in compromised families and prenatal testing in future pregnancies, thereby allowing a differential planning of future pregnancies. This paper discusses a progressive central nervous system disorder, a congenital mitochondrial disease, subacute necrotizing encephalomyelopathy (Leigh syndrome). First, the authors briefly review etiology, prevalence, clinical presentations, diagnostic techniques, and treatment for this disease in children. Then, unique familial cases describing the diversity of clinical presentations are described. The diagnosis was genetically verified in all patients. MR signs always accompany the gradual loss of motor skills at early stages. Blood biochemistry identifies lactic acidosis. KEYWORDS: children, mitochondrial diseases, subacute necrotizing encephalomyelopathy, lactic acidosis, Leigh syndrome, diagnosis, mutations in the SURF1 gene. FOR CITATION: Shishkina E.V., Bazilevskaya T.N., Novikova I.V. et al. Familial cases of subacute necrotizing encephalomyelopathy (Leigh syndrome). Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2021;4(4):370–374 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2021-4-4-370-374.
SARS-CoV-2-associated multisystem inflammatory syndrome in a child
Authors:   Kama Children’s Medical Center, Naberezhnye Chelny, Russian Federation, Nagovitsyna N.M.
Published: January 2022

The COVID-19 infection occurs much less commonly in children than in adults, presumably due to the predominance of asymptomatic variants. Nevertheless, single deaths by the COVID-19 were reported in children worldwide. Some of these deaths result from multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS) that develops at late stages or after the COVID-19. MIS is characterized by acute onset, steady fever, skin and mucosal damage, and multiorgan failure. Unlike the classic variant of Kawasaki disease, MIS is associated with more frequent shocks and a more severe course. This paper addresses a case report of MIS with a favorable course and outcome in a 7-year-old boy. Practitioners should be aware that severe intoxication and inflammation with increased inflammatory markers emerging at late stages or after respiratory infections are potential manifestations of MIS. In these cases, tests for the COVID-19 should be timely performed; if found, pathogenic therapy is promptly initiated. Taking into account the insufficient knowledge of the pathogenesis and the knowledge of the consequences of MIS associated with SARS-CoV-2, long-term follow-up monitoring is required. KEYWORDS: coronavirus infection, COVID-19, SARS-СoV-2, multisystem inflammatory syndrome, Kawasaki-like syndrome, Kawasaki-like disease. FOR CITATION: Nagovitsyna N.M. SARS-CoV-2-associated multisystem inflammatory syndrome in a child. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2021;4(4):375–377 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2021-4-4-375-377.
Veamos el vaso medio lleno
Authors: Salas Humberto
Published: January 2022

Columna de opinión.
Actividad física y calidad de vida relacionada con la salud en adultos mayores chilenos
Authors: Horta Menares Katherine , Valdés Carreño Felipe , Norambuena Mardones Leandra , Merellano Navarro Eugenio
Published: January 2022

El aumento del envejecimiento de la población es uno de los fenómenos demográficos más importantes de finales de siglo. La preocupación mundial se centra en lograr que la mayor longevidad alcanzada por la población se desarrolle dentro del mejor estado de salud, calidad de vida y la mayor autonomía e independencia posibles. Este estudio describe la relación que existe entre los niveles de actividad física medida de forma objetiva y la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud en adultos mayores chilenos. Estudio de corte transversal de medición única en la ciudad de Talca, Región del Maule, Chile. Con una muestra de 211 adultos mayores (AM), 47 hombres y 164 mujeres, de 60 años o más. Se incluyeron mayores de 60 años, residentes de Talca, sin problemas de carácter cognitivo y/o demencia, que sean dependientes; se usaron encuestas sociodemográficas, cuestionarios EQ5D-5L y actividad física (AF) medida por acelerómetro GENEActiv®. Los resultados principales arrojan que los hombres presentaron mayores niveles significativos (p<0,05) de AF Moderada a vigorosa e índice de Calidad de Vida Relacionada con la Salud (CVRS). En función al sexo y la edad el índice de CVRS se correlacionó (r=0,196) con la cantidad total de AF, y una AF moderada a vigorosa se correlacionó (r=0,185) con la percepción de la salud hoy del AM. Se concluye que la AF total se relacionó positivamente con los índices de CVRS de los AM y la AF moderada a vigorosa mostró una relación positiva con la percepción de salud hoy de los AM.
Analyzing the Impact of Foreign Remittances upon Poverty: A Case of Uzbekistan from Central Asia.
Authors: Kayani Farrukh Nawaz
Published: January 2022

Remittances have always played a central role in strengthening the economies of low-income and middle-income developing countries. The remittances have also provided a phenomenal support to the economy of Uzbekistan, which is the third leading recipient country of  foreign remittances in the Central Asian region after Kyrgzstan and Tajikistan. There is a strong need to investigate the impact of foreign remittances upon poverty reduction in case of Uzbekistan. This study has empirically investigated the impact of remittances on poverty in Uzbekistan by taking the variables like remittances, poverty size, capital formation, per capita GDP, savings and unemployment for the period of 2008-2019. Ordinary Least Square Regression was applied, and the results show an insignificant relationship between foreign remittances and poverty reduction. The reason could be that remittances in Uzbekistan are not pro-poor as mostly the workers from the rich families migrate to Russia. Furthermore most of the migrant workers prefer to settle down in Russia along with their families.
Does Economic Policy Uncertainty Affect Exchange Rate in China and Japan? Evidence from Threshold Cointegration with Asymmetric Adjustment
Authors: El Abed Riadh , Mighri Zouheir , Hamouda Abderrazek Ben
Published: January 2022

In this article, we estimate the links between nominal exchange rates (JPY/USD and CNY/USD) and economic policy uncertainty (EPU) in China and Japan by employing monthly data during the period span from January 1997 to September 2020. The threshold cointegration approach focus in TAR, M-TAR, C-TAR and C-MTAR is used. Results indicate the evidence of asymmetric effect in the adjustment process to equilibrium and the M-TAR is the best model to detect threshold effect for the (CNY/USD-CNYEPU) pair and the C-TAR is the best model to detect threshold effect for the (JPY/USD-JPYEPU) pair.
Toxicity of reactive carbonyl compounds to plants
Authors:   The Albert Katz International School for Desert Studies, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research,  Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boqer Campus, Nurbekova Z.
Published: January 2022

In plants, environmental stresses result in oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation and the generation of reactive carbonyl aldehydes. Reactive carbonyl aldehydes are downstream products of reactive oxygen species which can be described as critical cell-damaging agents in plants under various environmental stresses. In this paper toxicity of reactive carbonyl aldehydes and its generation under stress conditions are discussed. Moreover, involvement of reactive carbonyl aldehydes in stress- induced damage to plants is demonstrated. Toxic effect of reactive aldehydes such as acrolein, malondialdehyde and crotonaldehyde in plants under different stresses and their high electrophilicity is also discussed. Increases in malondialdehyde was demonstrated in UV-C stressed plants as the result of carbonyl modified proteins. A malondialdehyde is one of the widely shown aldehyde, which can be demonstrated as an indicator of reactive oxygen species. Malondialdehyde isomerized to 3-hydroxyacrolein whereas it can be described as a dialdehyde. The article considers detrimental actions of reactive carbonyl aldehydes and their chemical properties as well as detoxification of reactive carbonyl aldehydes by multiple enzymes such as aldehyde dehydrogenase, aldehyde reductase, aldo-keto reductase and 2-alkenal reductase.
Septilin, A Polyherbal Formulation Against the Immunosuppression Induced by Cyclophosphamide and Cisplatin in Swiss Albino Mice
Authors:   Department of Applied Zoology, Faculty of Science, Alva’s College, Moodbidri, India., S Shruthi , Shenoy Bhasker K. ,   Department of Applied Zoology, Faculty of Science, Mangalore University, Mangalagangothri, India.
Published: January 2022

Background: Septilin (Spt) is an ayurvedic drug formulation from Himalaya Drug Company and is well-known for its antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities. Interest in the use of medicinal plants and herbal medicine as immunomodulators has currently been the subject of scientific investigation worldwide. Cyclophosphamide (CP) and Cisplatin (Csp) are widely used chemotherapeutic drugs and are known for their immunosuppressive effects. Methods: The present study evaluated the immune-stimulating activity of Spt (125, 250 and 500 mg/kg; PO/7 days) against CP (50 mg/kg) and Csp (10 mg/kg) induced immunosuppression in mice sensitized with sheep Red Blood Cells (RBC) by measuring Hemagglutination Antibody (HA) titre values and by determining the haematological parameters, such as Haemoglobin (Hb) content, White Blood Cells (WBC), RBC and platelet counts. Thymus index and differential counts of leukocytes were also determined. Results: Upon HA assay, the titre was significantly decreased in CP (59.40%) and Csp (62.16%) in the treatment groups (P<0.001). An increase in the HA titre value in Spt-treated mice showed the stimulation of humoral immune response (P<0.001). The results of haematological study in Spt-treated mice indicated stimulation of total leukocytes, RBC and platelet counts. Moreover, Spt treatment prior to the administration of CP and Csp prevented the loss of body weight and minimized their adverse effect on the mice thymus. Conclusion: Our experimental evidence suggests the immunostimulatory potency of Spt against the immunosuppression induced by chemotherapeutic drugs in mice. The study results are comparable with the immune-potentiating effects of standard immunomodulatory drug Levamisole (Lev). Hence, Spt may be used as an adjuvant to obviate the immune suppression induced by chemotherapeutic medications.
The Extract of Viola odorata Flowers Improves the Biochemical, Pancreas Histological, and Insulin Resistance Parameters in an Animal Model of Diabetes
Authors:   Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran., Gazor Rouhollah , Niknezhad Fatemeh ,   Student Research Center, Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran., Yousefbeyk Fatemeh ,   Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran., Aghajany-Nasab Monireh ,   Cellular & Molecular Research Center, Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran., Mohammadghasemi Fahimeh ,   Cellular & Molecular Research Center, Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
Published: January 2022

Background: The antioxidant defense in the pancreas is low because they are exposed to toxic substances daily. This study aimed to evaluate the ameliorating effect of Viola odorata flowers Extract (VOE) on the pancreas histology and function in Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Methods: Forty male rats were divided into five groups, consisting of controls; STZ; and STZ plus various doses of VOE (100, 200 or 400 mg/kg). The amylase, lipase, insulin and total antioxidant capacity levels were measured in the sera. The homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance was also measured. The histopathological alterations of the rats’ pancreases were examined microscopically. Results: The serum amylase and total antioxidant activities were reduced in diabetic rats (P=0.001). Varying doses of VOE reduced the serum amylase and glucose levels, and increased the total antioxidant activities compared to that of the diabetic rats (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the serum lipase and insulin levels among the groups. Treatment with VOE at all doses significantly lowered the insulin resistance compared to that of the diabetic group (P=0.001). Significant reductions were observed in the areas of the pancreatic Langerhans islets and the number of beta cells in the STZ group (P=0.001). Conclusion: This study demonstrated that VOE ameliorated the adverse effects induced by STZ in the rat’s pancreas in the short-term. These effects are likely to be due to the reduced insulin resistance and amylase activity, and increased total antioxidant activity along with the histopathological alterations in the pancreas.