bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hubungan onset to door time respons dengan clinical outcomes pada pasien CVA Iskemik
Authors: Romli Leo Yosdimyati , Indrawati Ucik
Published: April 2021

Banyak upaya telah dilakukan untuk mengurangi keterlambatan masuk rumah sakit pada pasien dengan stroke, kedatangan di rumah sakit lebih awal dapat meningkatkan hasil fungsional dan mengurangi kematian. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis hubungan onset to door time respons dengan clinical outcomes pada pasien CVA iskemik.

Desain penelitian ini yaitu cross sectional study dengan populasi semua penderita CVA Iskemik di Ruang Flamboyan RSUD Jombang dan jumlah sampel sebanyak 45 responden yang diambil dengan consecutive sampling. Variabel penelitian ini adalah onset to door time respons dan clinical outcomes. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan peneliti melakukan observasi dan pengukuran pada variabel onset to door time respons dan clinical outcomes. Analisis data hasil penelitian dilakukan dengan uji Korelasi Spearman’s rho.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian kecil (20%) responden memiliki onset to door time respons dengan clinical outcomes membaik dan sebagian kecil (17,8%) responden memiliki onset to door time respons dengan clinical outcomes memburuk. Hasil analisis statistik menunjukkan bahwa sig. (2-tailed) = 0,001 < 0,05 maka artinya ada hubungan onset to door time respons dengan clinical outcomes.

Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini adalah onset to door time respons berhubungan dengan clinical outcomes pada pasien CVA Iskemik. Penanganan onset to door time respons merupakan faktor yang sangat penting yang berpegaruh pada clinical outcomes pada pasien CVA Iskemik.
Fmdtools
Authors: Hulse Daniel , Walsh Hannah , Dong Andy , Hoyle Christopher , Tumer Irem , Kulkarni Chetan , Goebel Kai
Published: April 2021

Incorporating resilience in design is important for the long-term viability of complex engineered systems. Complex aerospace systems, for example, must ensure safety in the event of hazards resulting from part failures and external circumstances while maintaining efficient operations. Traditionally, mitigating hazards in early design has involved experts manually creating hazard analyses in a time-consuming process that hinders one’s ability to compare designs. Furthermore, as opposed to reliability-based design, resilience-based design requires using models to determine the dynamic effects of faults to compare recovery schemes. Models also provide design opportunities, since models can be parameterized and optimized and because the resulting hazard analyses can be updated iteratively. While many theoretical frameworks have been presented for early hazard assessment, most currently-available modelling tools are meant for the later stages of design. Given the wide adoption of Python in the broader research community, there is an opportunity to create an environment for researchers to study the resilience of different PHM technologies in the early phases of design. This paper describes fmdtools, an attempt to realize this opportunity with a set of modules which may be used to construct different design models, simulate system behaviors over a set of fault scenarios and analyze the resilience of the resulting simulation results. This approach is demonstrated in the hazard analysis and architecture design of a multi-rotor drone, showing how the toolkit enables a large number of analyses to be performed on a relatively simple model as it progresses through the early design process.
STOCK MARKET PREDICTION: USING ECONOMETRIC MODELS AND NEURAL NETWORKS
Authors: Pothepalli Parichay
Published: April 2021

Stock market trading involves buying and selling of shares or stocks, which represents ownership of business. This research paper will focus on capturing the algorithmic trading based on historical data and compare present day algorithms to nd the best t model to understand the underlying patterns in stock market trading. A comparative analysis of closing stock price for 12 companies from three different sectors has been considered to understand the efcacy of the models in order to predict the future stock prices with minimal errors. Stock market was earlier predicted using traditional econometric models like the ARIMA and SARIMA, however, in this paper, Machine Learning, a part of Articial Intelligence will be incorporated in the stock data collected from Yahoo Finance to train models and provide predictions/decisions without being explicitly programmed to do so. Models such as OLS, SARIMA, Convolutional Neural Networks and Recursive Neural Networks (LSTM) will also be used to analyze the historical stock data and will be compared for accuracy using testing parameters like Mean Squared Error (MSE).
KNOWLEDGE ,ACCEPTIBLITY AND COMPLIANCE OF DMPA IN TERTIARY CENTER OF BIHA
Authors: Anupama Anupama , Juhi Juhi
Published: April 2021

In India , a large proportion of women with an unmet need for contraception are within their rst year after
childbirth. It is major obstacles for nation social and economic development. The present study
concentrates to educate postpartum women for contraception and to study the acceptance and compliance of
medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) in Bihar women. METHODS: This is retrospective study with cross sectional data
collection from 210 patients for a period of 14 month , from JANUARY 2019 TO FEBRUARY 2020. RESULTS: The study concluded
that DMPA is highly effective contraceptive in the immeadiate post partum period with low failure rate .CONCLUSION: It should
be available as a rst line method to all who wish to opt reversible method of contraception.
DIAGNOSTIC ROLE AND UTILITY OF CONVENTIONAL SMEAR AND CELL BLOCK IN BODY FLUID CYTOLOGY
Authors: Kumari Rina , Suman Pankaj Kumar , Mishra R.K.
Published: April 2021

Aim The aim of this study was to compare the cytological features of exudative uids by conventional smear (CS) method and cell block (CB) method and also to assess the utility of the combined approach for cytodiagnosis of these effusions. Materials and Methods: One hundred cases pleural and peritoneal exudative uid samples were subjected to evaluation by both CS and CB methods over a period of 6 months between March 2019 to September 2019. Cellularity, architecture patterns, morphological features and yield for malignancy were compared, using the two methods. Along with the conventional smears, cell blocks were prepared by using 10% alcohol–formalin as xative agent. Result Cellularity and additional yield for malignancy was 5% more by the CB method. Conclusions CB produced signicantly better results while detecting malignant lesions and reducing suspicious results. CB technique denitively increased detection of malignancy in uid effusion when used as an adjunct to CSs. Also, CB provides material suitable for molecular genetic analysis for targeted therapies.
A STUDY OF VIDEO ASSISTED THORACOSCOPIC SURGERY (VATS) IN THE MANAGEMENT OF EMPYEMA THORACIS
Authors: Lele Sujat , Naik Ajay
Published: April 2021

Empyema thoracis dened as pus in the pleural cavity is often associated with poor lung compliance and
function, prolonged recovery time. Video assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery in the mangement of Empyema
Thoracis has now begun to be widely used as a rst line treatment bypassing a trial with percutaneous drainage or with an
intercostal drainage tube. Patients treated with VATS also had a comparatively lesser hospital stay. Patients treated with VATS
had potentially lesser surgical site infections and improved tolerance for exercise, lesser paraesthesia and required lesser
analgesia. Also VATS worked best in stages 1 and 2 of empyema with a signicantly decreased conversion rate to open surgery,
reduced operative time, lesser blood loss, fewer days of intercostal drainage, fewer days of post operative air leak, lesser rate of
surgical site infection and lesser hospital stay than stages 3 and 4. Thus it is safe and effective to use Video assisted
Thoracoscopic Surgery in Empyema Thoracis as a denitive rst line treatment method.
A STUDY OF ANTEPARTUM HAEMORRHAGE AND ITS MATERNAL AND NEONATAL OUTCOME AT TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
Authors: Ethirajan Sukanya , Ramasamy Padmapriya , Manoharan Srija
Published: April 2021

Antepartum haemorrhage (APH) is an obstetric emergency
contributing to a signicant amount of perinatal & maternal
morbidity and mortality (1). It is dened as bleeding from or
into the genital tract after 28 weeks of gestation (2). It occurs in
2-5% of pregnancies and is an important cause of fetal and
maternal mortality (3). Thirty percent of maternal deaths are
caused by antepartum haemorrhage of which 50% are
associated with avoidable factors (4). In India, the prevalence
of antepartum haemorrhage is reported to be 18.8 % (5). The
main causes of APH are placenta previa, abruptio placentae,
indeterminate cause or local causes of genital tract.
STUDY OF SERUM GHRELIN IN THYROID PATIENTS
Authors: Kaushik G.G. , Sharma Kavita
Published: April 2021

Background: Hypothyroidism is a common endocrine disorder resulting from deciency of thyroid
hormone. Hyperthyroidism is a set of disorders that involve excess synthesis and secretion of thyroid
hormone by the thyroid gland. Ghrelin is octanoylated peptide containing a 28 amino acid act as an energy balance regulator
& play an important role in metabolic process .The aim of the study was to establish possible relationship between them.
Materials and methods: The present study is a cross sectional study, was conducted in the Department of Biochemistry, J.L.N.
Medical college and associated group of Hospitals, Ajmer (Raj.). 65 hypothyroid subjects (group-II) and 65 hyperthyroid
subjects (group-III) attending Medical OPD of J.L.N. Hospitals were included and 130 age-sex matched euthyroid controls
(group-I) were selected. Results: In hypothyroid subjects, mean serum Ghrelin levels were found to be signicantly higher in
comparison to healthy subjects (p<0.0001). In hyperthyroid subjects, mean serum Ghrelin levels were found to be signicantly
lower in comparison to healthy subjects (p<0.0001). Conclusion: The overall ndings of the present study thus conrm that
serum Ghrelin level is signicantly higher in Hypothyroid subjects and the level is signicantly lower in the Hyperthyroid
subjects, thus we have found positive association between serum TSH level and Ghrelin level. However, further experimental
and observational studies are needed to illustrate the role of Ghrelin in Hypothyroidism and Hyperthyroidism.
SUGAR: THE MOST POPULAR DRUG WHICH IS LEGALLY SOLD!
Authors: Sharma Shruti
Published: April 2021

The drug you consume daily, the drug you buy very often, the drug which is found in each and every
household of India: Sugar, the sweet poison! This research paper focuses solely on the observational
study and ndings of a nutrition therapist on the most popular drug which is legally sold: Sugar, the food nobody needs but
everyone craves! As Cassie Bjork, world renowned dietician once said, “On the outside, sugar seems pretty harmless, but on the
inside, it's killing us.” The facts and ndings of the study will help the readers to understand how the consumption of sugar paves
way for infectious & lifestyle diseases in the long run. The study further describes the best yet healthy alternative of Sugar.
Besides, it will help the readers to nd out the instant way to cure seasonal u and viral infection.
Developing Developing-Country Tax Systems
Authors: Magalhaes Tarcisio , Ozai Ivan
Published: April 2021

Experts from the North have long tried to teach countries in the South how to tax. For decades, they assumed the main challenges were domestic and there was a right answer to be found somewhere in the developed world that could be replicated everywhere else. Only more recently have they dedicated more attention to the international realm, yet their solutions remain tied to technical rules designed by a few specialists, as exemplified by the OECD Secretariat’s “Unified Approach” for the taxation of the digital economy. From a critical and historical socio-legal perspective, this Article argues that such technocratic approaches are set to fail less-developed nations for as long as we continue to overlook the background causes of weak taxation at both the national and international levels. These involve difficulties in applying complex rule sets, but also the very way in which global tax policy is developed, who influences the process, and the resulting distributive consequences.
Impacto del programa Next Generation EU en España:
Authors: Calvo López Santiago
Published: April 2021

La COVID-19 causó una crisis sin precedentes en la Unión Europea, siendo España uno de los países más afectados. Para hacer frente a la crisis económica derivada de la pandemia, el pasado mes de mayo la Comisión Europea propuso la creación del programa Next Generation EU, el cual distribuirá 750.000 millones de euros entre los Estados miembros. Se estima que España podría captar cerca de 150.000 millones de euros, de los cuales 74.200 serían fondos no reembolsables. En el presente trabajo se pretende explicar el funcionamiento de los fondos europeos, la condicionalidad para su desbloqueo y los retos, incertidumbres y oportunidades que suponen para España, los cuales podrían incrementar el PIB entre 1,2 y 1,4 puntos porcentuales de forma indirecta.
Simulation of Eye Tracking Control based Electric Wheelchair Construction by Image Segmentation Algorithm
Authors: Tesfamikael Hadish Habte , Fray Adam , Mengsteab Israel , Semere Adonay , Amanuel Zebib
Published: April 2021

In this fast-paced world, it is very challenging for the elderly and disabled population to move independently to their desire places at any convenient time. Fortunately, some of the people have good eyesight and physically strong to take care of their survival. Nevertheless, Electric wheelchair (EWC) can provide them a better lifestyle with commendable confidence. At the same time, the hand, head and voice recognition-based EWC meet many limitations. Despite, the eye-tracking-based EWC provides a better smartness in their lifestyle. This research article discusses better accuracy achievement and minimizes the delay response time in the proposed system. The proposed eye-tracking EWC is differed from another existing system with good validation parameters of the controller and it introduces edge detection to identify the eye pupil position in the face. The proposed method includes a PID controller to control the DC motor, which in turn controls the rotation of wheel in EWC. This research article is mainly focused on the cost-effectiveness and improvement in the system performance. The display system is mounted in front of the sitting position of EWC users. The camera captures eye pupil position and it determines the direction of the EWC movement by controlling DC motor with the help of a PID controller. When derivative (D) control is used in the proposed system, the system response is quite faster and it reduces the delay time between the user and system reaction. This pupil of eye position is determined by a canny edge detector, which provides good results when compared with other edge detection approaches. Object detection in front of the EWC is an added advantage of the proposed system. The proposed article integrates all the activities and measures the system performance. The proposed model achieves an accuracy of about 90% and response time is least compared with the existing methods.
Novo problema de indexação no Google Acadêmico.
Authors: Figueira Karina
Published: April 2021

Nosso corpo Editorial constatou novo probela de indexação dos artigos do BJIHS dentro da base de dados do Google Acadêmico (GA). Como não houve nenhuma manifestação da equipe técnica do GA sobre o ocorrido, entramos com um processo judicial contra o Google para que o mesmo venha em juizo e reponda nossas questões sobre o que esta acontecendo. Mantereemos os leitores do BJIHS informados sobre o assunto na proxima edição, caso haja alguma atualização.
Effect of Processing and Drying on Quality Evaluation of Ready-To-Cook Jackfruit
Authors:   Postharvest Technology Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur 1701, Bangladesh, Khan Md. Hafizul Haque , Molla Mohammad Mainuddin , Sabuz Ashfak Ahmed , Chowdhury Md. Golam Ferdous , Alam Mahfujul , Biswas Mrityunjoy ,   Department of Agro Product Processing Technology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, Bangladesh
Published: April 2021

The study was conducted with the aim of processing and developing ready to cook jackfruit to evaluate their nutritional and sensory quality attributes. In this study, green tender jack fruits were harvested from 60 to 70 days after synthesis. Then the fruits were washed, peeled and cut into slices. The slices were treated by dipping into different solutions for each treatments viz. control (T1), 0.5% salt solution (T2), 0.2% citric acid solution (T3), 1000 ppm potassium metabisulfite (KMS) (T4), 1000 ppm KMS + 0.5% salt (T5), 1000 ppm KMS + 0.2% citric acid (T6), 0.5% salt + 0.2% citric acid (T7) and 1000 ppm KMS+ 0.2% citric acid+ 0.5% salt (T8). Then the treated sliced was steam blanched at 85°C temperature for 8 min. The roasted beef spices were mixed and then dried at 50°C, 60°C and 70°C temperature owing to preparation of ready to cook. Results revealed that ready to cook dried at 50°C, 60°C and 70°C temperature took 72 hrs, 48 hrs and 36 hrs respectively. Low potassium metabisulfite residue was observed with increasing blanching time and drying temperature. The physicochemical characteristics, phytochemical and antioxidant activities were retained more and the highest sensory score was obtained at 60°C temperature. The marketable life of the RTC jackfruit could be extended to more than 6 months. However, the findings suggest that green tender jackfruit treated with 1000 ppm KMS, blanched for 8 min and dried at 60°C is a quick and healthy option in terms of good marketable life, nutritional and sensory quality attributes. Keywords:Tender jackfruit, ready to cook, nutritional quality, sensory attributes, marketable life
ФОСФАТАЗНАЯ АКТИВНОСТЬ НЕЙТРОФИЛОВ ПРИ COVID-19
Authors: Хлебцова Е.Б. , Индербиев Т.С. , Батаев Х.М.
Published: April 2021

Как показали результаты исследований, при COVID-19 наблюдается повышение активности щелочной фосфатазы нейтрофилов, отражающее тяжесть патологического процесса и характера течения заболевания, а у «здоровых» вирусоносителей COVID-19 активность щелочной фосфатазы нейтрофилов находится в пределах нормы.
КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ ДАННЫЕ РОЖЕНИЦ С ЗАТЯЖНЫМИ РОДАМИ
Authors: Мусаева Я.В. , Долаева Т.М.
Published: April 2021

Патология родовой деятельности – одна из актуальных проблем современного акушерства. При затянувшихся родах возрастает число акушерских осложнений, повышаются заболеваемость и детская смертность. В данной статье приведены данные по течению затяжных родов. Так как слабость родовых сил часто сочетается с несвоевременным отхождением вод, необходимо уточнить, имеет ли место преждевременное или раннее отхождение вод. Известно, что преждевременное отхождение вод удлиняет роды, последние протекают более болезненно и еще задолго до рождения ребенка ведут к нарушению маточно-плацентарного кровообращения, что увеличивает перинатальную смертность детей.
ОЦЕНКА СОСТОЯНИЯ СОСУДИСТО-ТРОМБОЦИТАРНОГО ГЕМОСТАЗА У ПАЦИЕНТОВ С COVID-19 (Обзор литературы)
Authors: Адров А.В. , Бахаева А.В. , Тужиева М.А.
Published: April 2021

Считается, что пациентам с вирусной инфекцией COVID-19 следует контролировать протромбиновое время (ПТВ), концентрацию D-димера, фибриногена и количество тромбоцитов. Повышение концентрации D-димера коррелирует с высокой летальностью, а быстро нарастающая гипофибриногенемия приводит к развитию диссеминированного внутрисосудистого свертывания (ДВС).
АМПЛИТУДНЫЕ ПАРАМЕТРЫ ЭКГ ПО ТРЁМ СТАНДАРТНЫМ ОТВЕДЕНИЯМ: ЮНОШЕСКИЙ И ЗРЕЛЫЙ ВОЗРАСТ
Authors: Абумуслимов С.С. , Исраилова А.А. , Курбанова Л.Ш.
Published: April 2021

В работе изучены амплитуды зубцов электрокардиограммы в трех стандартных отведениях и проведен анализ амплитуды сегмента ST в трех возрастных группах. Для исследования были сформированы три группы – 16 – 20, 21 – 35 и 35 – 60 лет. Запись ЭКГ проводили с помощью современного электрокардиографа Cardiomax FX-832.
Полученные данные говорят о достоверном снижении амплитуды некоторых зубцов ЭКГ с возрастом практически во всех трех отведениях. Анализ амплитуды сегмента ST указывает на то, что с возрастом происходит незначительное его смещение вверх или вниз относительно изолинии ЭКГ, в то же время его значения находились в пределах нормы. У взрослых испытуемых происходит более резкий подъем этого сегмента при переходе его в зубец Т, чем у молодых. Кроме того, изменение значения угла электрической оси сердца у взрослых указывает на незначительную гипертрофию левого желудочка сердца. Всё это указывает на некоторое ухудшение электрофизиологических характеристик сердечной мышцы с возрастом.
РАСПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ ВИДОВ СЕМЕЙСТВА ROSACEAE JUSS. ЧЕЧЕНСКОЙ РЕСПУБЛИКИ ПО ФЛОРИСТИЧЕСКИМ РАЙОНАМ
Authors: Ирисханова З.И. , Молочаева Л.Г.
Published: April 2021

В настоящем сообщении дан анализ распределения видов семейства Rosaceae Juss. по флористическим районам Чеченской Республики. Анализ приведен на основе обработки гербарных материалов и полевых наблюдений.
Comparison of prevalence of various ENT diseases and hearing impairment among children of government schools versus private schools of Mardan
Authors: Akram Sumera , Khan Muhammad Ahmed , Rehman Abdul , Malik Kamran Zamurrad , Afridi Jehangir Ahmed , Akram Sumera
Published: April 2021

Background: School children are frequently afflicted with ENT diseases. The diseases and their associated complications, especially hearing impairment, can be devastating to the children and families alike. Socioeconomic status of children can have strong effect on frequency of various ENT diseases. The objective of this study is to compare the frequency of various ENT diseases among children studying in government schools versus those in private schools of district Mardan.

Subjects and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out at Mardan from July to December 2019. The researchers visited four schools (two government and two private schools) in Mardan district. Relevant history was obtained and physical examination was done to find out the frequency of various ENT diseases. The data variables (age, gender, ENT diseases, hearing impairment) were noted in research Performa and data was entered and analysed in SPSS 21 software. Frequencies were determine for age, gender and ENT diseases. Independent t-test was used to analyze quantitative variables, while Chi-square was used to analyze qualitative variables. A p-value less than 0.05 was taken as significant.

Results: Total 2986 children were examined in 4 schools. The mean age of the children was 11 years. There were 56% boys and 44% girls. Total 2106 children were examined in two government schools and 880 children were examined in two private schools. The frequency of impacted cerumen was 18.4% (21.2% of government school children versus 11.4% of private school children; p<0.05). Frequency of allergic rhinitis was 9.7% (9.5% of government school children versus 10.1% of private school children; p=0.635). The frequency of chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) in government school children was 4.9% versus 2.5% among those in private schools (p<0.05). In this study cumulative prevalence of hearing impairment was 26.8%, where prevalence in government school children was 30.9% versus 17.2% in private schools (p-value<0.001). The causes of hearing impairment were impacted ear cerumen (68.3%), CSOM (15.7%), otitis externa (6.2%), OME (4.1%), otitis media (2.8%), congenital ear deformities (1.6%) and foreign bodies in ear (1.2%). The main causes of hearing impairment in majority of children were impacted cerumen and CSOM in 84% children.

Conclusion: Various ENT diseases like impacted cerumen, rhinosinusitis, allergic rhinitis, pharyngitis, tonsillitis and CSOM are common in school going children. Impacted cerumen and CSOM are significantly more prevalent in government school children as compared to private schools which are primary cause of hearing impairment in children leading to significantly high prevalence of hearing impairment in government school children
Diagnostic accuracy of PET/CT scan in evaluation of clinically suspected recurrent ovarian cancer
Authors: Sultana Nimrah , Shoukat Shaista , Nausheen Sadaf , Memon Bakhtawar
Published: April 2021

Background: Accurate evaluation of ovarian carcinoma is utmost important for effective management. PET/CT is reported to be effective in evaluation of suspected recurrence of ovarian carcinoma. This study aims to assess the accuracy of PET/CT in evaluation of recurrent ovarian cancer among clinically suspected cases with rising tumor marker or suspicious clinic-radiological findings.

Patients and methods: This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted at Radiology department of Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre Karachi from 22nd April 2019 to 21st April 2020. Patients having age of 40 to 60 years and referred for PET scan with suspected recurrence of ovarian carcinoma were consecutively enrolled. Patients were suspected due to relevant history, clinical findings and initial imaging investigations with elevated CA-125 level. Results of 18FDG PET/CT scan was correlated with the raised tumor findings. The PET/CT scan showing abnormally elevated FDG take-up and higher SUV values than the background activity considered recurrence. Diagnostic accuracy of PET/CT was calculated taking raised tumor level as reference category.

Results: Of 65 patients, median age was 50 (43-56) years. The findings showed positive cases in 57 (87.7%) while negative in 8 (12.3%) patients, whereas the findings of tumor marker showed raised tumor marker in 61 (93.8%) patients. Diagnostic accuracy of PET/CT showed sensitivity, specificity, positive predicted value, negative predated value, and overall diagnostic accuracy as 93.44%, 100%, 100%, 50%, and 93.85% respectively.

Conclusion: A higher accuracy of PET/CT was observed in the diagnosis of recurrent ovarian cancer among clinically suspected cases, thus helping in devising an appropriate management plan by the treating physician.
Frequency of different histopathological types of esophageal cancer patients at oncology department of a tertiary care hospital in Karachi
Authors: Sheikh Zoya , Haider Ghulam , Ahmed Khalil , Bhunisha Dr.
Published: April 2021

Background: Around the globe, carcinoma of the esophagus is the eighth most prevalent cancer with an incidence of 456,000 cases per year and is the sixth cause of cancer mortality. There are two major histological subtypes of carcinoma of the esophagus, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma. The aim of the current study is to evaluate the frequency of different histopathological types of esophageal cancer in patients presenting at the tertiary care hospital of Karachi.

Patients and methods: It was a cross-sectional study conducted at the Department of Clinical Oncology, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center, Karachi from March 2017 till March 2019. Two hundred and one histologically proven cases of esophageal cancer of in patients of either gender and between 15-80 years of age were included. Patients were interviewed and data regarding age, gender, education, marital status, employment status, addictions like cigarette or huqqa smoking, consumption of pan, betel nut, naswar, or gutka were recorded. Endoscopy and histology and computed tomography scan were performed. Stage, site, grade and type of tumor were noted. SPSS version 23 was used to analyze data. Mean and SD were calculated for quantitative variables. Frequency and percentage were calculated for qualitative variables. A Chi-square test was used to assess the significance between age and gender with type of EC. A p-value≤0.05 was taken as significant.

Results: Mean age of the patients was 47.84. The majority of the patients had stage 2 of cancer (42.8%) and lower tumor site (62.2%) Squamous cell carcinoma was the most common histopathological type in 137 patients out of 201 (68%). The age, gender, smoking, consumption of pan, grade, site, and stage of the tumor showed a statistically significant difference when compared with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and esophageal adenocarcinoma.

Conclusion: The burden of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma is dramatically increasing in the Pakistani population and squamous cell carcinoma was the most common histopathological type.
ЩОДО СУТНОСТІ ЕЛЕКТРОННОЇ (ЦИФРОВОЇ) ІНФОРМАЦІЇ ЯК ДЖЕРЕЛА ДОКАЗІВ У КРИМІНАЛЬНОМУ ПРОВАДЖЕННІ
Authors: П. Є. Антонюк М. В. Гуцалюк,
Published: April 2021

Мета статті – науково обґрунтувати теоретичні засади правового регулювання та сучасної практики використання електронної (цифрової) інформації як джерела доказів у кримінальному провадженні. Методологія. Достовірність отриманих результатів і висновків забезпечено сукупністю методів філософського, загальнонаукового і конкретно-наукового рівнів. Зокрема, з позиції матеріалістичної діалектики розглянуто сутність електронних (цифрових) доказів як процесуальних джерел доказів та їх відмінність від інших джерел доказів. Із застосуванням методів формальної логіки (аналіз, синтез, аналогія, дедукція) зроблений висновок про синонімічність (під кутом зору використання) таких понять, як «електронна інформація» і «цифрова інформація» у вітчизняному правовому полі. Завдяки методам аналогії та моделювання на реальних прикладах продемонстровано специфічні властивості електронних (цифрових) доказів як самостійних джерел інформації про подію правопорушення та їх взаємозв’язок із матеріальними об’єктами – технічними носіями такої інформації. Застосуванням порівняльно-правового методу засвідчено помилковість сприйняття як електронних усіх документів, створених в електронній (цифровій) формі, що підтверджується прикладами слідчої та судової практики, проаналізованими за допомогою статистичних методів. Наукова новизна. Електронні докази розглядаються як інформація в електронній (цифровій) формі, що отримана в передбаченому законом порядку і має значення для кримінального провадження. Вироблено пропозиції щодо внесення змін до Кримінального процесуального кодексу України стосовно розширення кола процесуальних джерел доказів шляхом уведення до нього електронних (цифрових) доказів. Висновки. Проаналізовано вітчизняне кримінальне процесуальне законодавство щодо процесуальних джерел доказів у кримінальному судочинстві, а також нормативно-правові акти стосовно електронної (цифрової) інформації з позиції належності електронних (цифрових) доказів до процесуальних джерел доказів. Вироблено пропозиції щодо правового закріплення такого розуміння електронних (цифрових) доказів у кримінальному процесуальному праві України. Доведено необхідність удосконалення процесуальної процедури отримання електронних (цифрових) доказів, а також окреслення кваліфікаційних вимог до суб’єктів – носіїв спеціальних знань, залучуваних до роботи з електронними доказами, чітко розмежувавши їх компетенцію щодо обсягу та форми застосування спеціальних знань.
ОДНОЧАСНЕ ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ ВМІСТУ СИНТЕТИЧНИХ БАРВНИКІВ Е110 І Е124 У СУМІШІ
Authors: Ю. В. Бохан, Ж. О. Кормош, П. П. Пльонсак, Ю. Л. Павленко Л. П.  Сидорова,
Published: April 2021

Мета статті – з’ясувати можливість використання методу похідної спектрофотометрії нульового перетину перших похідних для одночасного визначення вмісту синтетичних барвників Е110 і Е124 у суміші без попереднього розділення та розроблення високочутливої методики їх контролю в безалкогольних напоях. Методологія. Для реалізації поставленої мети використано комплекс загальнонаукових і спеціальних методів. Зокрема, застосовуючи теоретичні методи (аналіз та узагальнення, синтез, порівняння, моделювання), систематизовано теоретичні матеріали з проблеми дослідження; емпіричними (діагностичні, методи спостереження, самоспостереження) визначено стан практичної опрацьованості проблеми; організаційно-експериментальними (діагностичний, констатувальний, пошуковий, формувальний, коригувальний експерименти) з якісним аналізом і математичним статистичним обробленням засвідчено ефективність запропонованої методики. Достовірність отриманих результатів забезпечено використанням сучасних фізико-хімічних, математичних, статистичних методів аналізу, а також адекватним обробленням отриманих експериментальних даних. Їх правильність доведено порівнянням із результатами незалежних методів. Наукова новизна. Уперше запропоновано використання методу похідної спектрофотометрії нульового перетину перших похідних для однозначного визначення Е110 і Е124 у модельних сумішах та в реальних об’єктах експертно-криміналістичної експертизи – безалкогольних напоях. Розроблену методику перевірено на модельних сумішах і застосовано для визначення вмісту барвників у безалкогольних напоях. Визначено кількісний вміст барвників Е110 і Е124 у безалкогольних газованих напоях «Mirinda», «Апельсин» та «Соковита вишня». Засвідчено, що правильність визначення залежить від концентрації кожного компонента і їх співвідношень. Доведено, що похибка визначення не перевищує 7 %, а матриця об’єкта аналізу суттєво не впливає на одержані результати. Висновки. Зважаючи на доступність обладнання, простоту, експресність, серійність, технологічність запропонованої методики визначення вмісту індивідуальних барвників у суміші без попереднього їх розділення, застосування методу похідної спектрофотометрії нульового перетину перших похідних є ефективним методом експертного контролю вмісту синтетичних барвників у безалкогольних напоях, сиропах тощо.
The simultaneous recognition of multiple words: A process analysis
Authors: Voormann Anne , Spektor Mikhail S. , Klauer Karl Christoph
Published: April 2021

In everyday life, recognition decisions often have to be made for multiple objects simultaneously. In contrast, research on recognition memory has predominantly relied on single-item recognition paradigms. We present a first systematic investigation into the cognitive processes that differ between single-word and paired-word tests of recognition memory. In a single-word test, participants categorize previously presented words and new words as having been studied before (old) or not (new). In a paired-word test, however, the test words are randomly paired, and participants provide joint old–new categorizations of both words for each pair. Across two experiments (N = 170), we found better memory performance for words tested singly rather than in pairs and, more importantly, dependencies between the two single-word decisions implied by the paired-word test. We extended two popular model classes of single-item recognition to paired-word recognition, a discrete-state model and a continuous model. Both models attribute performance differences between single-word and paired-word recognition to differences in memory-evidence strength. Discrete-state models account for the dependencies in paired-word decisions in terms of dependencies in guessing. In contrast, continuous models map the dependencies on mnemonic (Experiment 1 & 2) as well as on decisional processes (Experiment 2). However, in both experiments, model comparison favored the discrete-state model, indicating that memory decisions for word pairs seem to be mediated by discrete states. Our work suggests that individuals tackle multiple-item recognition fundamentally differently from single-item recognition, and it provides both a behavioral and model-based paradigm for studying multiple-item recognition.
The role of “Siberian Jerusalem” s metaphor in journalistic discourse of the early 21st century (based on the regional and city press of Kainsk and Yeniseisk)
Authors: Shapovalov Mikhail S. , Grigoryan Eliza R.
Published: April 2021

Nowadays they build “Siberian Jerusalems” on the territory of Trans-Ural: Yeniseisk, Barguzin, Birobidzhan, Blagoveshchensk and Kainsk. Moreover in different times social and scientific discourse of Siberia (and Russia) already knew “Siberian Jerusalems”: Tobolsk, Kainsk. Researchers focus not only on the process of generating and existence of the phenomenon “Siberian Jerusalem”, but also on the issue of the very transferring process of the idea of Jerusalem to Siberia, spatial and semiotic introduction into the sacred space of Siberian cities. The authors pay special attention to the concept of “Siberian Jerusalem” as applied to the cities of Kainsk and Yeniseisk. Are there common qualities of two metaphoric “Siberian Jerusalem” and can we argue that these concepts are identical? Basing on these metaphors the study helps to figure out the genesis and essence of these constructs “Kainsk — Siberian Jerusalem” and “Yeniseisk — Siberian Jerusalem”, where they are implemented. In methodological terms the paper uses developments in the field of cultural-sematic transfer (S. S. Avanesov) and linguistic studies of metaphor as a language unit and mechanisms of its generation (N. D. Arutyunova, V. P. Moskvin). The authors conclude that while syntactic structure of the metaphor “Kainsk — “Siberian Jerusalem” and” “Yeniseisk — “Siberian Jerusalem” coincided they denote non-identical meanings.
Russian writers in the Czech environment during the first half of the 1920s: periodicals of the left political wing (newspaper “Rude pravo”)
Authors: Amelina Anna V.
Published: April 2021

The paper examines perceptions of Russian literature in the first half of the 1920s by a Czech literary criticism of the left-wing political orientation, namely by Rudé Právo, newspaper of the communist party of Czechoslovakia. On the one hand, at this time, the Russian classics are being rethought in terms of their usefulness for the purposes of proletarian movement, up to discrediting individual authors (for example, F. M. Dostoevsky) and adjusting ideas of other writers to the communist ideology (L. N. Tolstoy). On the other hand, much attention of the editors is paid to the modern literature of post-revolutionary Russia, whose representatives are evaluated and selected for translation and review, provided they accept and praise the revolution (first of all, this is the poem The Twelve by A. A. Blok, poetry by V. V. Mayakovsky, prose by M. Gorky and V. G. Korolenko), whereas their work is assessed one-sidedly, exclusively in the ideological aspect. The first attempts of writing generalizing materials on the contemporary literary process (for example, Peasant revolutionary poetry by I. Weil) are being made. In general, Russian literature is viewed from an ideological standpoint, only with varying degrees of categoricality by individual critics. As the author reveals it was of great importance for the shaping of the ideological position and cultural program of the Czech communists, and compared with other literatures, its role is identified as leading.
“Old songs about the main things” TV project. Interpretation of the Soviet culture’s leitmotifs
Authors: Zhurkova Daria A.
Published: April 2021

The paper deals with reinterpreting of the Soviet culture’s mythologemes in “Old songs about the main things” TV-project (1995–2001). Over the course of three parts of the project, one may observe some features of reconstructing of three main topics: labor, interpersonal relations and ideological clichés. The realities of the nineties had a great influence on the development of these topics. Whereas in the first part of the TV-project, along with irony, there was a certain nostalgia for the orderly mode and visual results of agricultural activities, the third part, instead of poetizing the image of the Soviet worker, seeks to reflect complexity of organization and tension of the show industry functioning. The theme of interpersonal relations is also undergoing a fundamental transformation. Compared to the first part, where the authors tried to recreate the lost feeling of unconditional benevolence towards others, in subsequent parts there is an ironic deconstruction of the very possibility of sincere feelings, which are replaced by the cult of a lone star. The script of the TV-project is also abundant in ideological clichés of the Soviet era, which, interspersed with re-advertised slogans, revealed semantic emptiness of the new consumption ideology.
Na tela do celular: experiência estética infantil em contexto de Pandemia
Authors: Oliveira Fernanda Ferreira de
Published: April 2021

O presente texto apresenta possibilidades de experiência estética artísticas com um grupo de crianças pequenas da educação infantil em contexto de pandemia Covid-19. Tal situação provoca compreender que mesmo em condição adversa as crianças são capazes de produzir experiências estéticas infantis. Crianças e professora se mantiveram conectadas, e suas motivações se deram por meio de experiências artísticas com obras de artes diversas. Esse caminho se constitui como processo humanizador das relações a luz das contribuições teóricas de Walter Benjamin sobre seu conceito de Experiência, e Lev Vygotsky apoiando com suas teorias sobre Sentido e Perejivanie. O percurso metodológico foi inspirado na Pesquisa Narrativa. Salienta-se ainda, que essas experiências estão sendo utilizadas como dados de uma pesquisa mais ampla realizada pela autora, em ambiente de doutorado em educação. Este estudo trouxe contribuições de experiências de crianças pequenas com a arte que se constituem no jogo, na distração e no desvio.

Palavras – chave: Experiência estética. Educação infantil. Covid-19.
Educação em tempos de isolamento social: o ensino via Google Meet e Google Forms
Authors: Almeida André , Nunes Lincoln Ferreira , Silva Vanessa Thomazini da
Published: April 2021

Uma das possibilidades de se pensar a educação em tempos de isolamento social refere-se à utilização de ferramentas virtuaisno processo de ensino-aprendizagem. O estudo analisa uma experiencia de utilização do Google Forms e Meet como ferramentas colaborativas no processo educativo, considerando o contexto de isolamento social. Trata-se deum relato de experiência tecido pela prática pedagógica vinculada ao Colégio Estadual Professora Jane Assis Peixoto, desenvolvidoatravés de pesquisa-ação. As informações trazem uma abordagem qualitativa. Os resultadosdemonstraram que os recursos tecnológicos através das ferramentas virtuais são relevantes em tempos de isolamento social para que o processo de ensino-aprendizagem aconteça. Contudo, como proposta, dá-se ênfase ao ensino híbrido, pelamaior possibilidade de sucesso devido às limitações dos alunos e professores ao acesso tecnológico.

Palavras-chave: Aulas remotas. Tecnologias digitais da informação e comunicação. Pandemia.
CORRELATION OF JUVENILE CRIMINALITY AND YOUTH EXTREMISM
Authors: Воронин М.Ю. , Демидова-Петрова Е.В.
Published: April 2021

Введение: статья посвящена исследованию взаимосвязи криминогенности несовершеннолетних и проявлений экстремизма в молодежной среде. Так, проблемы молодежного экстремизма предлагается рассматривать в спектре характеристик криминологического явления, тесно соседствующего с преступностью несовершеннолетних.
Материалы и методы: методологическую основу настоящей статьи составил всеобщий диалектический метод познания особенностей, специфики молодежного экстремизма. Были применены общенаучные методы познания: историко-правовой метод, метод дифференциации, обобщение, сравнение, системно-структурный анализ и частнонаучные методы познания, представленные анализом данных уголовной и судебной статистики, изучением документов (материалов уголовных дел).
Результаты исследования: в статье сформулировано авторское понимание того, что возникновение молодежного экстремизма кроется в сложных процессах детерминации преступности несовершеннолетних, которые базируются на экстремальности сознания лиц несовершеннолетнего возраста, так как именно несовершеннолетние являются возрастной группой, которая «заражается» экстремистскими идеями в силу присущего им экстремальности сознания. Данная возрастная группа является объектом пропагандистского воздействия и «кадровым резервом» экстремистских организаций и экстремистских акций.
Обсуждение и заключения: авторы статьи приходят к выводу, что слияние предпочтений к интернет- технологиям, общение в online-пространстве и даже зависимости от них лиц несовершеннолетнего возраста выступает обстоятельством, обеспечивающим развитие идеологии экстремизма в целом.
SITUATIONAL APPROACH IN THE INVESTIGATION OF CRIMES COMMITTED AGAINST FOREIGN CITIZENS
Authors: Архипова И.И.
Published: April 2021

Введение: в статье рассматривается ситуационный подход в расследовании преступлений, совершенных в отношении иностранных граждан.
Материалы и методы: материалом исследования послужили работы А.Ю. Головина, М.В. Баранова, Т.С. Волчецкой, В.К. Гавло, Л.Я. Драпкина, В.Е. Клочко, Д.В. Ким, В.Я. Колдина, Н.П. Яблокова и других авторов. Методами исследования выступили анализ, синтез и обобщение научной литературы по проблеме исследования.
Результаты исследования: проведен анализ преступлений в отношении иностранных граждан и выделены три группы потерпевших; 1) иностранные туристы, кратковременно прибывающие на территорию РФ;
2) иностранные граждане, кратковременно прибывающие на территорию РФ и осуществляющие трудовую деятельность; 3) иностранные граждане – студенты, временно прибывающие на территорию РФ в целях получения образования. Представлены особенности расследования дел с участием иностранных граждан. Определены факторы, способствующие совершению преступлений против иностранных граждан данных групп. Представлен алгоритм применения ситуационного подхода в расследовании преступлений против иностранных граждан.
Обсуждение и заключения: отмечается, что ситуационный подход отражает, с одной стороны, уникальность каждой следственной ситуации, с другой – выявляет типичность общих черт, их повторяемость, что способствует типизации ситуаций по разным критериям и для разных видов преступления с учетом объективных и субъективных факторов.