bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluating robotic pedicle screw placement against conventional modalities: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Naik Anant , Smith Alexander D. , Shaffer Annabelle , Krist David T. , Moawad Christina M. , MacInnis Bailey R. , Teal Kevin , Hassaneen Wael , Arnold Paul M.
Published: January 2022

OBJECTIVE

Several approaches have been studied for internal fixation of the spine using pedicle screws (PSs), including CT navigation, 2D and 3D fluoroscopy, freehand, and robotic assistance. Robot-assisted PS placement has been controversial because training requirements, cost, and previously unclear benefits. This meta-analysis compares screw placement accuracy, operative time, intraoperative blood loss, and overall complications of PS insertion using traditional freehand, navigated, and robot-assisted methods.

METHODS

A systematic review was performed of peer-reviewed articles indexed in several databases between January 2000 and August 2021 comparing ≥ 2 PS insertion methods with ≥ 10 screws per treatment arm. Data were extracted for patient outcomes, including PS placement, misplacement, and accuracy; operative time, overall complications, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative hospital length of stay, postoperative Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) score, and postoperative visual analog scale (VAS) score for back pain. Risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa score and Cochrane tool. A network meta-analysis (NMA) was performed to estimate PS placement accuracy as the primary outcome.

RESULTS

Overall, 78 studies consisting of 6262 patients and > 31,909 PSs were included. NMA results showed that robot-assisted and 3D-fluoroscopy PS insertion had the greatest accuracy compared with freehand (p < 0.01 and p < 0.001, respectively), CT navigation (p = 0.02 and p = 0.04, respectively), and 2D fluoroscopy (p < 0.01 and p < 0.01, respectively). The surface under the cumulative ranking (SUCRA) curve method further demonstrated that robot-assisted PS insertion accuracy was superior (S = 0.937). Optimal screw placement was greatest in robot-assisted (S = 0.995) placement, and misplacement was greatest with freehand (S = 0.069) approaches. Robot-assisted placement was favorable for minimizing complications (S = 0.876), while freehand placement had greater odds of complication than robot-assisted (OR 2.49, p < 0.01) and CT-navigation (OR 2.15, p = 0.03) placement.

CONCLUSIONS

The results of this NMA suggest that robot-assisted PS insertion has advantages, including improved accuracy, optimal placement, and minimized surgical complications, compared with other PS insertion methods. Limitations included overgeneralization of categories and time-dependent effects.
Clinical results following robotic navigation guidance for sacroiliac joint fusion in 36 patients
Authors: Chaves Jennyfer Paulla Galdino , Maalouly Joseph , Choi John Yun Seo
Published: January 2022

OBJECTIVE

In this study, the authors aimed to describe a new technique of sacroiliac joint (SIJ) fusion using a robotic navigation guidance system and to document clinical results with patient-reported visual analog scale (VAS) scores.

METHODS

Patients diagnosed with SIJ dysfunction were surgically treated using 2 hydroxyapatite (HA)–coated, threaded screws with the aid of the robotic navigation system. In a total of 36 patients, 51 SIJs were fused during the study period. Patients’ VAS scores were used to determine clinical improvement in pain. Postoperative imaging at routine intervals during the follow-up period was also performed for assessment of radiological fusion. In addition, complication events were recorded, including reoperations.

RESULTS

All 36 patients had successful fusion evidenced by both CT and clinical assessment at the final follow-up. Two patients underwent reoperation because of screw loosening. The mean preoperative VAS score was 7.2 ± 1.1, and the mean 12-month postoperative VAS score was 1.6 ± 1.46. This difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05) and demonstrated a substantial clinical improvement in pain.

CONCLUSIONS

Robotic navigation–assisted SIJ fusion using 2 HA-coated, threaded screws placed across the joint was an acceptable technique that demonstrated reliable clinical results with a significant improvement in patient-reported VAS pain scores.
Utility of intraoperative real-time near-infrared fluorescence surgery for spinal schwannoma
Authors: Muto Jun , Mine Yutaka , Nagai Sota , Shizu Naoyuki , Takeda Hiroki , Ikeda Daiki , Saito Akifumi , Joko Masahiro , Hasegawa Mitsuhiro , Kaneko Shinjiro , Inoue Tatsushi , Lee John Y. K. , Hirose Yuichi
Published: January 2022

The authors report the first cases of fluorescence-guided spinal surgery of schwannomas using near-infrared fluorescence imaging with the delayed window indocyanine (ICG) green (DWIG) technique for accurate real-time intraoperative tumor visualization.

Patients with intradural spinal schwannomas received 0.5 mg/kg ICG at the beginning of surgery. After 1 hour, using the DWIG technique, near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) detected the spinal schwannomas, showing the exact tumor location and boundaries. DWIG with NIRS microscopy confirmed the exact location of spinal schwannomas before and after opening of the dura mater, thereby facilitating successful tumor dissection from the surrounding tissues, tumor resection, and confirmation of tumor removal.

The video can be found here: https://stream.cadmore.media/r10.3171/2021.10.FOCVID21158
Double-barrel STA-MCA bypass and partial trapping of a ruptured mycotic MCA aneurysm with flash fluorescence technique
Authors: Graffeo Christopher S. , Srinivasan Visish M. , Cole Tyler S. , Lawton Michael T.
Published: January 2022

Mycotic brain aneurysms are rare and unusual cerebrovascular lesions arising from septic emboli that degrade the elastic lamina and vessel wall of intracranial arteries, which results in pathologic dilatation. Mycotic aneurysms are nonsaccular lesions that are not often suitable for clipping and instead require bypass, trapping, and flow reversal. This case demonstrates the use of indocyanine green “flash fluorescence” to identify the cortical distribution supplied by an aneurysm’s outflow, facilitating safe treatment with a double-barrel extracranial-intracranial bypass and partial trapping and conversion of a deep bypass to a superficial one.

The video can be found here: https://stream.cadmore.media/r10.3171/2021.10.FOCVID21163
Contemporary intraoperative visualization for GBM with use of exoscope, 5-ALA fluorescence-guided surgery and tractography
Authors: Schupper Alexander J. , Roa Jorge A. , Hadjipanayis Constantinos G.
Published: January 2022

Maximal safe resection is the primary goal of glioma surgery. By incorporating improved intraoperative visualization with the 3D exoscope combined with 5-ALA fluorescence, in addition to neuronavigation and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) fiber tracking, the safety of resection of tumors in eloquent brain regions can be maximized. This video highlights some of the various intraoperative adjuncts used in brain tumor surgery for high-grade glioma.

In this case, the authors highlight the resection of a left posterior temporal lobe high-grade glioma in a 33-year-old patient, who initially presented with seizures, word-finding difficulty, and right-sided weakness. They demonstrate the multiple surgical adjuncts used both before and during surgical resection, and how multiple adjuncts can be effectively orchestrated to make surgery in eloquent brain areas safer for patients. Patient consent was obtained for publication.

The video can be found here: https://stream.cadmore.media/r10.3171/2021.10.FOCVID21174
Qualitative head-to-head comparison of headlamp and microscope for visualizing 5-ALA fluorescence during resection of glioblastoma
Authors: Henderson Fraser , Belykh Evgenii , Ramos Alexander D. , Schwartz Theodore H.
Published: January 2022

Fluorescence-guided surgery (FGS) for high-grade gliomas using 5-aminolevulinic acid has become a new standard of care for neurosurgeons in several countries. In this video the authors present the case of a man with glioblastoma who underwent FGS in which similar images of the operative field were acquired alternating between the microscope and a new commercially available headlight, facilitating the comparison of visualization quality between the two devices. The authors also review some of the principles of fluorescence-guidance surgery that may explain the improved brightness and contrast that they observed when using the headlamp versus the microscope.

The video can be found here: https://stream.cadmore.media/r10.3171/2021.10.FOCVID21181
Use of an exoscope for enhanced visualization of a Schwab grade 5 osteotomy to correct kyphotic deformity
Authors: Rechav Ben-Natan Alma , Agarwal Nitin , Shabani Saman , Chung Jason , Le Vivian , Chou Dean , Mummaneni Praveen V.
Published: January 2022

The development of the 3D exoscope has advanced intraoperative visualization by providing access to visual corridors that were previously difficult to obtain or maintain with traditional operating microscopes. Favorable ergonomics, maneuverability, and increased potential for instruction provide utility in a large range of procedures. Here, the authors demonstrate the exoscope system in a patient with progressive thoracolumbar junctional kyphosis with bony retropulsion of a T12–L1 fracture requiring a Schwab grade 5 osteotomy and fusion. The utilization of the exoscope provides visual access to the ventrolateral dura for the entire surgical team (surgeons, learners, and scrub nurse).

The video can be found here: https://stream.cadmore.media/r10.3171/2021.10.FOCVID21190
Fluorescence-guided craniotomy of glioblastoma using panitumumab-IRDye800
Authors: Zhou Quan , Li Gordon
Published: January 2022

A contrast-enhancing lesion in the left temporal lobe of a 72-year-old woman was biopsied and diagnosed as glioblastoma. Near-infrared (NIR)–labeled epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) antibody, panitumumab-IRDye800, was infused 52 hours before craniotomy without pretreatment. Tumor fluorescence was detected through intact dura, and the visual contrast between disease and peritumoral healthy brain was enhanced after tumor exposure. Residual cancerous tissue was identified with strong fluorescence in resection cavity after en bloc tumor removal. Minimal fluorescence remained in the final wound bed, likely from nonenhancing tumor. Fluorescence was heterogeneously distributed at the infiltrative margin in resected tumor pieces imaged ex vivo. Postoperative MRI confirmed gross-total resection.

The video can be found here: https://stream.cadmore.media/r10.3171/2021.10.FOCVID21201
Dissolution kinetics of rare earth metal phosphates in carbonate solutions of alkali metals
Authors: Litvinova Tatyana , Oleynik Ivan
Published: January 2022

Treatment of apatite raw materials is associated with the formation of large-tonnage waste – phosphogypsum. The content of rare earth metals in such waste reaches 1 %, which makes it possible to consider it a technogenic source for obtaining rare earth metals and their compounds. Up to the present moment, there are neither processing plants, nor an efficient process flow to handle phosphogypsum dumps. It is rational to use a way that involves extraction of valuable components and overall reduction of phosphogypsum dumps. Such process flow is available with carbonate conversion of phosphogypsum to alkali metal or ammonium sulfate and calcium carbonate upon the condition of associated extraction of rare earth metal (REM) compounds. Associated extraction of REM compounds becomes possible since they form strong and stable complexes with hard bases according to Pearson, which among other things include carbonate, phosphate and sulfate anions. Formation of lanthanide complexes with inorganic oxygen-containing anions is facilitated by the formation of high-energy Ln-O bonds. The study focuses on the dissolution of lanthanide phosphates in carbonate media. It was established that formation of REM carbonate complexes from their phosphates is a spontaneous endothermic process and that formation of lanthanide carbonates and hydroxides serves as thermodynamic limitation of dissolution. A shift in equilibrium towards the formation of carbonate complexes is achieved by increasing the temperature to 90-100 °C and providing an excess of carbonate. The limiting stage of REM phosphate dissolution in carbonate media is external diffusion. This is indicated by increasing rate of the process with an intensification of stirring, first order of the reaction and the value of activation energy for phosphate dissolution from 27 to 60 kJ/mol. A combination of physical and chemical parameters of the process allowed to develop an engineering solution for associated REM extraction during carbonate conversion of phosphogypsum, which included a 4-5 h conversion of phosphogypsum at temperature of 90-110 °C by an alkali metal or ammonium carbonate solution with a concentration of 2-3 mol/l. As a result, a solution with alkali metal (ammonium) sulfate is obtained, which contains REMs in the form of carbonate complexes and calcium carbonate. The rate of REM extraction into the solution reaches no less than 93 %. Rare earth metals are separated from the mother liquor by precipitation or sorption on anion exchange resins, while the excess of alkali metal or ammonium carbonate is returned to the start of the process.
Study on hydrometallurgical recovery of copper and rhenium in processing of substandard copper concentrates
Authors: Lutskiy Denis , Ignatovich Aleksander
Published: January 2022

Over the past decade, there has been a steady growth in demand for rare metals, with rhenium being one of the most highly demanded, but  also one of the most expensive and difficult to obtain. The  high demand for rhenium is  due to its use as a key component of metallurgical alloys or as a component of catalysts used in the oil refining industry. The aggregate of facts causes profitability of processing of the rhenium-containing mineral resources, which also are the copper substandard concentrates obtained at processing of the Zhezkazgan sandstones. The study focuses on the processes of extraction of copper and sorption recovery of rhenium from solutions of ammonia leaching of copper substandard concentrates.  Model solutions similar in the elemental composition to solutions of ammonia leaching solutions of copper substandard concentrates obtained during the processing of Zhezkazgan sandstones were used as an object of the study. The paper estimates extraction characteristics of copper recovery using LIX 84-I solution in kerosene, as well as sorption characteristics of the rhenium recovery process using the Purolite PPA100 anion exchanger. Based on the obtained characteristics the possibility of hydrometallurgical processing of ammonia leaching solutions of substandard copper-sulfide concentrates, and recovery of the obtained commercial products is shown.
Thermal protection implementation of the contact overheadline based on bay controllers of electric transport traction substations in the mining industry
Authors: Lantsev Dmitry , Frolov Vladimir , Zverev Sergej , Uhrlandt Dirk , Valenta Jiří
Published: January 2022

The article presents the principle of thermal protection of the contact overheadlineand substantiates the possibility of practical implementation of this principle for rail electric transport in the mining industry. The algorithm for the implementation of modern digital protection of the contact overhead line as one of the functions of the controller is described. A mathematical model of thermal protection is proposed, which follows from the solution of the heat balance equation. The model takes into account the coefficient of the electrical networktopology, as well as the coefficient of consumption of the current-carrying core of the cable, which determines the reduction in the conducting section from contact erosion and the growth of oxide films. Corrections for air flows are introduced when receiving data from an external anemometer, via telemechanics protocol. The mathematical model was tested by writing a real thermal protection program in the C programming language for the bay controller, based on the circuitry of which is the STM32F407IGT6 microcontroller for the microcontroller unit. Verification tests were carried out on a serial bay controller in 2020. The graphs for comparing the calculated and actual values of temperatures, with different flow rates of the current-carrying conductor of the DC cable, are given. To obtain data, telemechanics protocols IEC 60870-104 and Modbus TCP, PLC Segnetics SMH4 were used.
Mutual spectral densities calculation of the moments of resistance on the peat milling unit working bodies
Authors: Fomin Konstantin
Published: January 2022

When performing technological operations in the peat industry, various units with milling-type working bodies are used. They differ in design, layout, number and type of cutting elements, operating modes, and may have one or more working bodies. During operation, random forces and moments act on the cutters, which have a dramatically variable nature, which is associated with the periodic interaction of the knives with the peat deposit, its structural heterogeneity, variations in the milling depth, physical and mechanical properties of peat, the rotational speed of the cutter and the movement speed of the machine. In this case, significant dynamic loads arise in the structural elements, which leads to a decrease in their reliability, deterioration of the energy characteristics of the engine operation and technical and economic indicators of use. In the dynamic analysis of drive elements, when using machines with several working bodies, it is necessary to know both spectral and mutual spectral load densities.  For their calculation, expressions were obtained that take into account the physical and mechanical properties of peat, the operating modes of the unit and their probabilistic characteristics, as well as the design features of the working body. The expressions are obtained for the case when there are several working bodies with the same diameters and the number of knives in the cutting plane. In this case, the number of planes, width, type of cutting element and type of cutting (locked, semi-locked, etc.) may differ. As an example of using the developed approaches, the calculation of spectral and mutual spectral densities of moments on cutters and loads in the drive elements of the machine for surface-layer milling MTF-14 is presented.
Development of the concept of an innovative laboratory installation for the study of dust-forming surfaces
Authors: Ivanov Andrey , Smirnov Yuriy , Chupin Stanislav
Published: January 2022

Currently, the determination of the emission rate of suspended solids from a unit of the surface area of a man-made mass at various parameters of the wind flow is not sufficiently described. The analysis of the world experience of researchers shows that existing laboratory installations have various design features that do not allow to correctly determine the mass of the dust being flapped and wind-blown. Based on the analysis results, the concept of an innovative laboratory installation for the study of dust-forming surfaces has been developed. It takes into account the influence of wind shadows, the deturbulization of an artificially created air flow, the possibility of regulating not only the flow velocity mode, but also the creation of a vacuum or disturbance in the area of sample placement, as well as the formation of a certain angle of wind flow attack relative to the surface. The concept provides for the possibility of determining the volume of dust emissions by the values of the lost dust masses in the sample and by the values of dust concentrations in the outgoing stream. The calculation of the main basic elements of the installation using the ANSYS FLUENT software package was carried out. The model and configuration of the wind tunnel have been developed and calculated, the main geometric parameters and functional elements for the possibility of use in scientific work have been determined. For practical use of the empirical roughness value of the underlying surface, its values are recommended in a wide range – from zero for the water surface to 0.44 for large cities with tall buildings and skyscrapers.
Physical and mathematical model of rock destruction by a milling machine cutter
Authors: Shemyakin Stanislav , Shishkin Evgenii
Published: January 2022

As a result of the analysis of the work on rock destruction by cutters of milling of machines, it was found that the existing developments do not allow us to proceed to the derivation of calculation d dependencies for determining fracture resistance, or can be used only in preliminary calculations of the known by design parameters of milling machines. To eliminate these disadvantages, a combined physical and mathematical model of the process of interaction of a single milling cutter with a spherical tip with the rock has been developed. Consideration of the physical picture of the action of forces and stresses acting from the cutter with spherical tips on the separating rock element in the limiting condition allowed to describe analytically the components of total resistance, which are the mathematical part of the physical and mathematical model of rock destruction by cutters. Analytical dependences for determining the tangential and normal components of fracture resistance of rocks of medium hardness have been obtained. The adequacy of the physical and mathematical model to the physical process of destruction of rocks of different hardness by cutters on a universal stand was tested both in the field and in the laboratory conditions. Technical evaluation of the results of experimental studies confirms the reliability of the developed physical and mathematical model.
Comprehensive assessment and analysis of the oil and gas potential of Meso-Cenozoic sediments in the North Caucasus
Authors: Bosikov Igor , Мaier Andrey
Published: January 2022

At the present stage, the development of the oil and gas industry in the Russian Federation is impossible without replenishing the raw material base, so the urgent task is to conduct investigations, prospecting and evaluation of oil and gas bearing capacity prospects in undiscovered areas. The purpose of the investigations is to analyze facies and thicknesses, choose the methodology of prospecting and exploration in reservoirs, make a comprehensive assessment of oil and gas bearing capacity prospects based on experimental investigations and construct a map of oil and gas bearing capacity prospects of the studied sediment structure. The methodology of the conducted investigations was to identify and trace zones of increased fracturing by qualitative interpretation of time seismic sections. Methods for qualitative interpretation of time seismic sections, the model of physical, chemical and geochemical criteria developed by I.A.Burlakov, gas and geochemical surveying and correlation analysis were used in the investigations. A number of prospecting criteria, established based on the analysis of reference seismic materials on well-studied areas in comparison with the results of well tests, were also used. Structural plan for forecast prospects of oil and gas bearing capacity in the studied area was made; zonal and local objects with prospects for oil and gas were identified. Graphical plotting of Eh and pH concentrations distribution and various gas and geochemical indicators allowed identifying zones of possible oil and gas accumulations and starting their detailed survey. Processing of gas and geochemical materials by means of software allowed efficient assessment of prospects for oil and gas bearing capacity of the investigated objects.
Experimental evaluation of compressibility coefficients for fractures and intergranular pores of an oil and gas reservoir
Authors: Zhukov Vitaly , Kuzmin Yuri
Published: January 2022

The paper is devoted to studies of the volumetric response of rocks caused by changes in their stress state. Changes in the volume of fracture and intergranular components of the pore space based on measurements of the volume of pore fluid extruded from a rock sample with an increase in its  all-round compression have been experimentally obtained and analyzed.  Determination of the fracture and intergranular porosity components is based on the authors' earlier proposed method of their calculation using the values of longitudinal wave velocity and total porosity. The results of experimental and analytical studies of changes in porosity and its two components (intergranular and fractured) under the action of effective stresses are considered. This approach allowed the authors to estimate the magnitude  of the range of changes in the volumetric compressibility of both intergranular pores and fractures in a representative collection of 37 samples of the Vendian-age sand reservoir of the Chayanda field. The method of separate estimation of the compressibility coefficients of fractures and intergranular pores is proposed, their values and dependence on the effective pressure are experimentally obtained. It is determined that the knowledge of the values of fracture and intergranular porosity volumetric compressibility will increase the reliability of estimates of changes in petrophysical parameters of oil and gas reservoirs caused by changes in the stress state during the development of hydrocarbon fields.
Modeling the acid treatment of a polymictic reservoir
Authors: Khasanov Mars , Maltcev Andrey
Published: January 2022

Acid treatment of wells program is directly related to oil production efficiency. Investigations aimed at improving the efficiency of acid treatment in a terrigenous reservoir have mainly reviewed the changing and adapting the reagents to minimize bridging caused by acid-rock interaction. Under real conditions, application of new and unique acid compositions is a complex process from an organizational point of view and is therefore not widely used as compared with conventional compositions based on a mixture of hydrochloric and hydrofluoric acids. The paper is based on an approach to improve acid treatment efficiency through optimal design based on near-bottomhole zone treatment simulation. The aspects for practical application of the developed acid treatment simulator for terrigenous reservoirs based on a numerical model of hydrodynamic, physical and chemical processes in a porous medium on an unstructured PEBI-grid are described. The basic uncertainties of the model are identified and analyzed. Influence of empirical parameters within the system of equations on the calculation results and modeling of the mineralogical composition of rocks are considered. Algorithm for static modelling of near-bottomhole zone for acid treatment modelling is described, as well as an approach to optimizing the design of near-bottomhole zone treatment based on adapting the results of rock tests in the model. Using experimental data, the necessity of accounting for influence of secondary and tertiary reactions on the results of modeling physical and chemical processes during acid treatment of terrigenous reservoirs was proved. The distinctive features of West Siberian objects (polymictic reservoirs) with respect to the efficiency of near-bottomhole zone treatment with clay acid have been investigated. Series of calculations to determine the optimum volume of acid injection has been carried out. Experience of previously conducted measures under the considered conditions has been analyzed and recommendations to improve the efficiency of acid treatment have been given.
Potential technological solution for sampling the bottom sediments of the subglacial lake Vostok: relevance and formulation of investigation goals
Authors: Bolshunov Aleksey , Vasiliev Nikolay , Timofeev Igor , Ignatiev Sergey , Vasiliev Dmitriy , Leichenkov German
Published: January 2022

The subglacial Lake Vostok in Antarctic is a unique natural phenomenon, its comprehensive study involves sampling of water and bottom surface rocks. For further study of the lake, it is necessary to drill a new access well and develop environmentally safe technologies for its exploration. This article discusses existing and potential technologies for sampling bottom surface rocks of subglacial lakes. All these technologies meet environmental safety requirements and are conducive for sampling. The authors have proposed an alternative technology, using a walking device, which, due to its mobility, enables selective sampling of rocks across a large area from a single access well. The principal issues, related to the implementation of the proposed technology, are investigated within this article. This report is prepared by a team of specialists with many years of experience in drilling at the Vostok Station in Antarctic and in experimental work on the design of equipment and non-standard means of mechanization for complicated mining, geological and climatic conditions.
The COVID-HIGH RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIAL
Authors: Cortegiani Andrea , Ippolito Mariachiara , Crimi Claudia
Published: January 2022

The aim of this unblinded parallel-group randomized multicenter clinical trial is to compare the clinical effectiveness of high flow nasal therapy (HFNT) with conventional oxygen therapy (COT) in patients with confirmed COVID-19 related acute hypoxemic respiratory failure.

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04655638
ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ЦИФРОВИХ ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ НА УРОКАХ БІОЛОГІЇ ТА ОСНОВ ЗДОРОВ’Я У ЗАКЛАДАХ ЗАГАЛЬНОЇ СЕРЕДНЬОЇ ОСВІТИ
Authors: БІЛЕЦЬКА Галина , ЄФРЕМОВА Ольга , МАТЕЮК Олеся
Published: January 2022

У статті обґрунтовано дидактичні можливості цифрових технологій і висвітлено досвід їх використання на уроках біології та основ здоров’я у закладах загальної середньої освіти. Аргументовано, що необхідність використання цифрових технологій навчання під час вивчення біології та основ здоров’я зумовлена особливостями цих навчальних предметів (необхідність проведення спостережень та експериментів, демонстрування природних об’єктів і наочних посібників, моделювання поведінки людини у різних ситуаціях, відпрацювання навичок безпечної для здоров’я поведінки), а також особливостями і потребами сучасних учнів. З’ясовано, що особливістю цифрових технологій навчання є електронні транзакції, що передбачають використання Інтернету. Обґрунтовано, що використання цифрових технологій у процесі вивчення біології та основ здоров’я надає можливості знайомити учнів із процесами, які в реальних умовах проходять упродовж місяців, років і століть; демонструвати особливості будови об’єктів живої природи, їх процесів життєдіяльності та механізми біологічних процесів у динаміці; проводити експерименти з моделями біологічних систем та явищ; демонструвати явища, що мають звукове відображення; проводити лабораторні і практичні роботи у віртуальних лабораторіях; здійснювати поточний і тематичний контроль знань учнів; забезпечити зручний перегляд, швидке отримання та доцільне використання навчальних матеріал та ін. Для інформаційної підтримки уроків біології та основ здоров’я розроблено навчальні ресурси за допомогою онлайн-сервісів Genially, Learning-Apps і Kahoot! Розроблені ресурси (інтерактивні презентації, плакати, тести, навчальні фільми, анімації, картки, схеми, модулі) дадуть викладачам змогу здійснювати перевірку знань учнів, а учням – закріплювати знання в ігровій формі, покращити сприймання навчального матеріалу, ефективно поєднувати новий навчальний матеріал із уже засвоєним.
СПЕЦИФІКА ОПЕРАТИВНО-СЛУЖБОВОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ ТА ПРОФЕСІЙНОЇ ПІДГОТОВКИ ПЕРСОНАЛУ МОБІЛЬНИХ ПІДРОЗДІЛІВ МИТНО-ПРИКОРДОННОЇ СЛУЖБИ СПОЛУЧЕНИХ ШТАТІВ АМЕРИКИ
Authors: ЗАБОЛОТНИЙ Сергій , ЗАБОЛОТНА Олена , РЕЗНІК Олег
Published: January 2022

У статті висвітлено завдання, особливості професійної підготовки та специфіку оперативно-службової діяльності мобільних підрозділів Митно-прикордонної служби США. Авторами досліджено організаційно-штатну структуру американських підрозділів спеціального призначення сфери охорони кордону, яка представлена трьома оперативними підрозділами в складі загону спеціального призначення Митно-прикордонної служби США. Розглянуто стандартні та спеціалізовані операції, визначені для виконання підрозділами. З’ясовано, що персонал мобільних підрозділів Митно-прикордонної служби США повинен на високому рівні володіти базовими навичками: надання першої медичної допомоги; використання табельної зброї; патрулювання; застосування сили та спеціальних засобів; ведення операцій у складі мобільної польової групи; використання супутникової навігації та орієнтування на місцевості. Виявлено, що мобільні підрозділи загонів спеціальних операцій на постійній основі залучено до таких видів професійної підготовки персоналу: індивідуальної, спільної, спеціальної та підвищення кваліфікації. Інтерес для системи професійної підготовки Державної прикордонної служби України становить реалізація спільної підготовки, що може виходити за межі потреб загону спеціальних операцій і проводитися спільно з іншими правоохоронними відомствами для перевірки готовності своїх підрозділів та оцінки індивідуальних навичок виконання особовим складом загону спеціальних операцій нетипових функцій, до сприяння у здійсненні яких його може бути залучено. Відбір на навчання у мобільні підрозділи Митно-прикордонної служби США спроектовано з огляду на вимоги Спеціальної програми відбору персоналу до спеціальних підрозділів США, яка охоплює проведення вступного тестування кандидатів, організацію інтенсивного курсу підготовки, що передбачає вивчення тактики дій у складі малих підрозділів, оперативне планування, удосконалення навичок володіння зброєю, відпрацювання тактики оборонних дій і проведення аеромобільних операцій.
ПРОФІЛАКТИКА ТРАВМ ОПОРНО-РУХОВОГО АПАРАТУ В ОРГАНІЗАЦІЇ НАВЧАЛЬНО-ТРЕНУВАЛЬНОГО ПРОЦЕСУ
Authors: ПАНТЄЛЄЄВ Кирило , БОГУН Вікторія
Published: January 2022

Фізичне виховання та спорт є сферою діяльності людини, для якої характерні підвищений травматизм, різноманітні професійні захворювання. Аналіз причин травматизації та факторів ризику, які її зумовлюють під час проведення навчально-тренувального процесу,дозв олив виокремити групу показників: неправильна організація навчально-тренувальних занять; недостатній рівень теоретичної та практичної підготовки тренера; неправильно складений графік кількості змагань без урахування переїзду, змін часу й кліматичних поясів; відсутність комплексних цільових програм на завершальному етапі підготовки; недотримання правил змагань і низька якість суддівства; незадовільні гігієнічні умови проведення навчально-тренувальних занять та змагань; незадовільні метеорологічні умови; відсутність відповідного матеріально-технічного забезпечення тощо. Попередження спортивних травм не є суто лікарською проблемою. Воно стосується всіх, хто залучений до підготовки спортсмена та забезпечує нормальні умови для навчально-тренувальних занять. Для профілактики травм опорно-рухового апарату в спортсменів необхідна також раціональна побудова навчально-тренувальних занять на усіх етапах підготовки. Значна увага тренера має зосереджуватися на загальній і спеціальній фізичній, технічній та психологічній підготовці спортсмена. Виконання спортсменами основних, елементарних принципів і спортивних правил, особистої гігієни, дотримання режиму, особливо в період інтенсивних тренувань або під час змагань, – це необхідна умова, яка дає змогу запобігти виникненню травм.
ЗАКЛАДИ ВИЩОЇ ОСВІТИ І ПОКОЛІННЯ Z. ВЗАЄМНА ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЯ
Authors: СОБОЛЬ Наталія
Published: January 2022

Нова інформаційно-цифрова доба, до якої увійшло людство, різко змінює економічні та соціальні умови життя людини. На побутовому рівні, на жаль, багато хто не розуміє, що попри беззаперечну зручність, користь та екологічність, які притаманні інформаційно-цифровим технологіям, вони можуть стати загрозою для здоров’я і розвитку людини, особливо молодої. Заклади вищої освіти, що покликані забезпечити усі сфери високоосвіченими і професійно компетентними фахівцями, повинні грамотно та цілеспрямовано готувати молоде покоління до успішного функціонування у цих умовах, що неможливо без знання його визначальних рис, способу життя і мислення. Керівництву та науково-педагогічним працівникам університетів доведеться працювати з докорінно новою категорією студентів, які відрізняються від попередніх поколінь як цифровою обізнаністю, так і цифровою залежністю, що впливає на їх особистісні, соціальні характеристики, так і на спосіб життя у цілому. Враховуючи це, університети повинні розробити стратегії, які допоможуть студентам, хоча б частково, подолати ці негативні прояви, успішно навчатись і формувати навички, необхідні для фахівця майбутнього. Водночас за опору потрібно взяти як позитивні характеристики молодого покоління, а саме: незалежність, самостійність, бажання займатись підприємницькою діяльністю, підтримка соціальних ініціатив і проектів, стурбованість станом екології і глобальними проблемами людства; так і їх постійну потребу у новизні, нових відчуттях, бажання працювати і навчатись у команді, прагнення міжособистісної взаємодії, бажання отримувати підтримку друзів, страх осуду й остракізму. Серед перспективних напрямів роботи зі студентами, представниками нового покоління, вбачаємо цілеспрямоване формування у процесі навчання навичок аналізу, синтезу, порівняння, узагальнення, конкретизації, аналогії; активне залучення до наукової роботи; розвиток творчого потенціалу; залучення до участі в заходах, які вимагають активної міжособистісної взаємодії; виховання відповідальності за власні дії і доручену роботу; ознайомлення з технологіями організації власного часу та нормами гігієни; залучення до фізкультури та спорту. Для успішної роботи за цими напрямами потрібно розробити нові чи адаптувати наявні форми та методи роботи з урахуванням особливостей і потреб молодого покоління.
Action cartoons and the effect on children's aggressive behavior
Authors: Shobiroh Husnul Khotimah , Bachtiar Muhammad Yusri , Saodi Syamsuardi
Published: January 2022

Cartoons present a unique attraction for children, and the action genre is one of the television programs that primarily broadcast. Children observe characters in action cartoons and repeat what they see or hear. This study aims to determine whether the effect of aggressive behavior in children when watching action cartoons. The research approach is quantitative. The subject was 12 children aged 5-6 years in the Doa Ibu Kindergarten, Makasar. The researcher used data collection techniques in descriptive statistical analysis and Pearson Product Moment Correlation analysis. The results showed a positive relationship between watching action cartoons and aggressive behavior of children aged 5-6 years and included in the category of moderately influential. To reduce these effects, interventions that must be carried out need to be studied further.
CLINICAL PROFILE OF CHILDREN PRESENTING WITH SEIZURE
Authors: Thakur Rakesh , Verma Sumeet
Published: January 2022

Background: This study is to describe the clinical profile of children presenting with seizure including common causes of seizure and classify the seizure types.

Methods:  Hospital-based, analytic and descriptive study. This study includes all children in the age group 6 months to 12 years who presented in the department of paediatrics with seizure.

Results: Seizures presented with fever in 36.00% of cases

Conclusions: Seizures are one of the common causes of hospitalization. It can be inferred from this study that CNS infections are the most common cause of acute symptomatic seizure. The improvement in health care facilities like sanitation and immunization is warranted to prevent it.

Keywords: Seizures, GTCS, Children
Comparison of Plantar Force, Pressure and Impulse During Walking in Men and Women With Flat Feet
Authors:   Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Humanities, Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan, Iran., Soltani Negin , Jalalvand Ali ,   Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Humanities, Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan, Iran., Jahani Mohammad Reza ,   Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Humanities, Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan, Iran.
Published: January 2022

Objective: This study aims to compare the variables of plantar force, pressure and impulse during walking in men and women with flat feet. Methods: The study population consists of non-athlete students with and without flat feet. Of these, 48 (male and female) were selected as study samples. The peak pressure, force and impulse on the foot were measured during walking by a foot scanner at a sampling frequency of 253 Hz. Shapiro-Wilks test was used to examine the normality of data distribution, and data analysis was performed using MANOVA in SPSS software, considering the significance level at P<0.05. Results: Men with flat feet had more peak plantar pressure and force in the midfoot than healthy men, and more peak plantar pressure on the hallux. Women with flat feet had more peak plantar pressure and force on the hallux, toes T2-T3-T4-T5, M2 metatarsal head, and midfoot than healthy women. Men with flat feet had peak plantar pressure on the M4 metatarsal head than women with flat feet. Men with flat feet had different plantar impulses in the hallux, M2 metatarsal head, and lateral heal. Women with flat feet had more plantar impulses in the hallux, toes T2-T3-T4-T5, and midfoot than healthy women. There was a significant difference between men and women with flat feet in plantar impulses in metatarsal heads M3 and M4, midfoot, and lateral and medial heels Conclusion: Different effects of gender and sole structure on the distribution of plantar pressure should be considered in the production and design of shoes, medical insoles and special sports footwear.
Effect of 12 Weeks of Core Stability Exercises on Functional Movement and Balance of Women Working in Hospitals
Authors:   Department of Corrective Exercise and Sport Injury, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran., Golmoradi Marani Maryam , Khalegi Mahdi ,   Department of Biomechanic and Sport Injury, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran., Ahmadi Aezam ,   Department of Sport Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran., Alavi Seyyedeh Fatemeh ,   Educational Assistant Center for Research on Occupational Diseases, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Published: January 2022

Objective: This study aims to assess the effect of 12 weeks of core stability exercises on functional movement and balance of women working in hospitals. Methods: Participants were 34 women aged 30-50 years working in Imam Khomeini Hospital in Tehran, Iran. They were randomly divided into two groups of exercise and control. The exercise group performed core stability exercises for 12 weeks. The functional movement was evaluated using the valid Function Movement Screen (FMS) method. The dynamic balance, power, agility, speed and flexibility of subjects were also measured using Y balance test, Sargent Jump Test, agility T-test, 20-meter running test, and seated bending forward test, respectively before and after exercise. Paired T-test was used to examine the difference between pre- and post-test scores of each group. Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) was used to determine the effect of intervention on the study variables. Results: Results of ANCOVA showed that 12 weeks of core stability exercises significantly improved functional movement performance, dynamic balance, power, agility, speed and flexibility in women. Conclusion: Core stability exercises can improve the performance of neuromuscular system leading to proper movement of spinal, pelvic and hip joints, proper muscle balance, enhanced proximal stability, functional strength and resulting in decreased injury.
Effect of Six Weeks of Progressive Jump-Landing Training on Jump Shooting Accuracy and Knee Valgus Angle in Male Basketball Players with Dynamic Knee Valgus
Authors:   Department of Sport Injuries and Corrective Exercises, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Guilan, Iran., Ghobadi Nezha Saeed , Hoseini Seyyed Hosein ,   Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Guilan, Iran., Norasteh Ali Asghar ,   Department of Sport Injuries and Corrective Exercises, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Guilan, Iran.
Published: January 2022

Objective: Dynamic Knee Valgus (DKV) causes many acute and chronic knee injuries during deceleration and landing in sports activities and can affect the athletes’ specific skills. This study aims to investigate the effect of 6 weeks of progressive jump-landing training on jump shooting accuracy and knee valgus angle in male basketball players with DKV. Methods: This is a quasi-experimental study conducted on 24 male basketball players with DKV in Mazandaran, who were selected purposefully. They were randomly divided into training and control groups. Their jump shooting accuracy was assessed by Boddington’s Basketball Jump Shooting Accuracy Test, and their DKV angle was measured by a two-dimensional evaluation method in Quinoa software. In addition to their routine exercises, the training group performed the jump-landing training for 6 weeks at 3 sessions per week, while the control group performed their usual exercises only. In order to compare the two study groups, ANCOVA was used. Results: The progressive jump-landing program had a significant effect on jump shooting accuracy (P=0.001) and DKV angle (P=0.001). Conclusion: Six weeks of progressive jump-landing training can improve the jump shooting accuracy and knee valgus angle in basketball players with DKV. Therefore, jump landing exercises are recommended for improving the jump shooting skill and knee alignment in these athletes.