bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluating the Chemical Characteristics of Wash-off Fine Particulate
Matter from Leaves of Woody Plants in Budapest
Authors: Chen Haimei , Szabó Veronika , Kardos Levente
Published: February 2025

Background:

Particulate matter poses a significant risk to human health, particularly fine
particulate matter, as it is difficult to eliminate and leads to severe health issues. Conversely, urban
woody plants are experiencing ambient pollution directly and continuously adjusting to the dynamic
contaminants, thereby improving the urban environment for their living circumstances. Thus, studies
conducted at the level of individual leaves can offer important insights into the productivity of an
ecosystem

Method:

Leaf samples from three common woody plant species (Acer platanoides, Fraxinus excelsior, and Tilia tomentosa) in Budapest, Hungary, were collected throughout a vegetation phase. After
ultrasonic wash-off, the chemical properties of dust deposits on the leaf surface were investigated.

Results:

Our results showed a higher concentration of wash-off fine particulate from F. excelsior
than from A. platanoides and T. tomentosa, and the precipitation, maximum wind speed, and ambient
particulate matter content did not demonstrate a significant impact on it. Thus, the fine particulate
matter washed off from woody plant leaves involves a more dynamic and complex procedure. The
analysis of chemical parameters demonstrated the interaction of particulate matter and the leaves; pH
values varied, and the total electric conductivity was significantly higher than the accepted limits.
The excessive concentration of sulphate and chloride in wash-off particulate matter indicated significant interference caused by human activities and secondary suspension.

Conclusion:

Given that F. excelsior is more susceptible to having wash-off fine particulate matter,
which can contribute to secondary suspension, the capability of A. platanoides and T. tomentosa to
retain fine particulate may contribute to their effects in phytoremediation.
A Systematic Quantitative Approach to Rational Drug Design and the Discovery of
Novel Human Antigen R (HuR) Inhibitors
Authors: Dey Juhi , Kaushiki Kumari , Mishra KM Abha , Sudheer Paga , Sethi Kalyan Kumar
Published: February 2025

Background:

1,4-Naphthoquinone and its derivatives are recognized for their potent anticancer effects,
establishing this pharmacophore as a key focus in cancer research. Their potential to modulate cellular pathways
suggests they could be effective in developing new HuR inhibitors, targeting a protein crucial for regulating cancer-related gene expression. Compounds C1-C20 were designed by using Discovery Studio (DS) software.

Methods:

In this study, a systematic approach involves scaffold hopping followed by additional research such as
molecular docking, ADMET, drug-likeness, toxicity prediction, molecular dynamic (MD) simulation, and binding free energy analysis was used to discover novel Human Antigen R (HuR) inhibitors.

Results:

In molecular docking, 1,4-Naphthoquinone derivatives showed better interactions with the HuR protein
compared to that of the conventional HuR inhibitor MS-444. Among twenty 1,4-Naphthoquinone derivatives,
most of the compounds showed favorable pharmacokinetic characteristics. In the toxicity prediction model, most
of the designed compounds were neither mutagenic nor carcinogenic. According to MD simulation, C5 is more
stable than MS-444.

Conclusion:

The designed 1,4-Naphthoquinone derivatives have been found to be crucial structural motifs for the
discovery of novel HuR inhibitors, which was well supported by the in-silico screening and molecular modeling
methods.
Mechanistic Overview on Therapeutic Potential of Phenols Targeting the
Breast Cancer: Molecular Insights and Future Road to Drug Design
Authors: Chandra Shamyugta , Veeraraghavan Vishnu Priya , Woon Choy Ker , Sirasanagandla Srinivasa Rao , Jayaraman Selvaraj
Published: February 2025

Breast cancer is the most common malignancy globally. It is associated with genetic and
lifestyle risk factors. Many chemotherapeutic agents are currently available for breast cancer. Despite
their moderate efficacy in breast cancer therapy, many of these chemotherapeutic agents are associated with adverse effects. A few patients also have the possibility of developing resistance to these
drugs over time. The resistance to these chemotherapeutic agents illustrates the necessity to seek
novel therapeutic strategies. Phenols are a class of plant-derived compounds that have an aromatic
ring with at least one hydroxyl group. They are well known for their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory,
and anti-proliferative effects. A diet rich in fruits and vegetables has a high content of polyphenols.
Various in vitro and in vivo studies in the past two decades have demonstrated the therapeutic potential of phenol in breast cancer. Each of these polyphenol compounds has promising potential to modulate breast cancer in various stages, including proliferation, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis.
This review focuses on the various in vitro and in vivo studies done in both phenolic compounds and
phenolic extracts and the efficacy of phenols in modulating breast carcinogenesis by various mechanisms. The potential of phenols to inhibit various oncogenes and tumor-associated proteins is also
discussed. The ability of polyphenols to sensitize hormone-resistant and chemoresistant breast cancer
cell lines to various chemotherapeutic agents has also been highlighted
The Moderated Mediation Relationship Between Trait Impulsivity,
Emotional Regulation, ADHD Hyperactivity/Impulsivity, and
Oppositional Defiant Disorder Symptoms in Emerging Adults
Authors: Gomez Rapson , Brown Taylor , Watson Shaun
Published: February 2025

Introduction/Objective: The present study explored a moderated
mediation model within a cohort of emerging adults, examining the interplay
between Trait Impulsivity (TI), Emotional Regulation (ER), and symptoms of
ADHD Hyperactivity/Impulsivity (HI) and Oppositional Defiant Disorder
(ODD).

Methods: Utilizing a convenience sample of 210 emerging adults (men = 49,
women = 161; mean age 21.17 years; SD = 2.20 years), the study employed
standardized measures to analyze the relationships between TI, HI, ODD, and
ER, using Hayes’s macro for SPSS Process model 14.

Results: The findings showed that HI mediated the association between TI and
ODD and that ER moderated the association between HI and ODD, such that
lower levels of ER increased the association.

Conclusions: These findings align with the Trait Impulsivity Hypothesis (TIH),
extending its application by integrating temperament literature on ADHD. This
study contributes to the theoretical and practical understanding of impulsivity's
role in externalizing disorders, highlighting the importance of ER in this
dynamic.
Cancer Therapy with Polymeric Nanocarriers and the Transition to Targeted Cancer Therapy: Advances and Future Directions
Authors: Theodosis-Nobelos Panagiotis , Kitiri Elina N. , Christou Melina , Pantelidou Maria , Rikkou-Kalourkoti Maria
Published: February 2025

The development of targeted cancer therapies has become crucial in addressing the limitations
of conventional chemotherapy, particularly its lack of specificity and severe side effects.
Polymeric nanocarriers have emerged as a transformative solution, providing enhanced drug solubility,
selective targeting, and controlled release of therapeutics. This review discusses recent advances
in polymeric nanocarriers, emphasizing their capacity to incorporate multiple drugs and optimize
delivery through both active and passive targeting strategies, and especially the transition to
targeted cancer therapy through the various applied methods in the field. Mechanisms such as the
enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect for passive targeting, and the use of ligands, peptides,
and proteins for active targeting, are explored in depth. Furthermore, the potential of these
nanocarriers to improve therapeutic outcomes through targeting specific cellular and subcellular
sites, including the nucleus, mitochondria, and endoplasmic reticulum, is examined. These innovations
pave the way for the development of safer and more effective cancer treatments with the potential
to enhance clinical outcomes.
Assessment of Large Language Model Performance on Medical School Essay-Style Concept Appraisal Questions (Preprint)
Authors: Mehta Seysha , Haddad Eliot N. , Burke Indira Bhavsar , Majors Alana K. , Maeda Rie , Burke Sean M. , Deshpande Abhishek , Nowacki Amy , Lindenmeyer Christina C. , Mehta Neil
Published: February 2025

UNSTRUCTURED

Microsoft Copilot, a ChatGPT 4.0 based Large Language Model, demonstrated comparable performance to medical students in answering essay-style CAPPs, while assessors struggled to differentiate AI from human responses. These results highlight the need to prepare students and educators for a future world of AI by fostering reflective learning practices and critical thinking.
Intervention Protocol to Improve Access to HIV Prevention Services in Community Pharmacies in the U.S. Southeast (Preprint)
Authors: Alohan Daniel I. , Hudson Alexis , Hamilton Chante , Chandra Christina , Zissette Seth , Rothman Rachel , Young Henry N. , Quanmina Alvan , Hussen Sophia A. , Lyles Robert H. , Sales Jessica MD , Sterk Claire E. , Sutter Megan E. , Crawford Natalie D.
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND

Despite advancements in HIV prevention, many Americans, particularly those from historically underserved communities (e.g., racially and sexually minoritized individuals and people who use drugs), continue to face significant barriers to accessing crucial HIV prevention services such as HIV testing and pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). Integrating these services into community pharmacies is a viable yet underutilized solution to overcoming access-related challenges. However, few studies have used an implementation science approach to assess the implementation and effectiveness of such services in pharmacy settings.

OBJECTIVE

The Pharmacy-based Access to HIV Prevention Services (PATH) study aims to develop and evaluate a sustainable pharmacy-based model for increasing access to HIV testing and prevention services (e.g., PrEP dispensing) in community pharmacy settings.

METHODS

We are using a hybrid type 1 effectiveness-implementation study design to evaluate the implementation and effectiveness of HIV testing and prevention services within community pharmacies, particularly among those that offer non-HIV-related screenings (e.g., COVID-19, blood pressure, cholesterol screening) and those that do not. We apply three well-established implementation science frameworks (i.e., Exploration, Preparation, Implementation, Sustainment (EPIS), Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR), and Systems Engineering Initiative for Patient Safety (SEIPS)) to assess multi-level factors influencing the adoption of HIV prevention services in community pharmacy settings. The study consists of three phases: (1) a mixed-methods exploration phase to identify barriers and facilitators of implementing HIV prevention services in community pharmacies, (2) a preparation phase to assess the effectiveness of two HIV training programs designed for pharmacy staff, and (3) an implementation and sustainment phase to evaluate the effectiveness and implementation of HIV prevention services in these settings.

RESULTS

The PATH study was funded in June 2023 by the National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH123470) and launched in September 2023. Recruitment and enrollment for the first phase, including data collection, are currently underway.

CONCLUSIONS

Expanding access to HIV prevention services through community pharmacies is a promising and accessible approach to addressing social and health inequities in HIV, supporting the goal of Ending the HIV Epidemic in the United States (US). Implementation science, with its systematic frameworks, is essential to advancing this goal. Our study is among the first to use an implementation science approach to integrate HIV prevention services within community pharmacies in high-prevalence HIV areas.
The impact of U.S. economic sanctions on Russia on the global aluminum market and response strategies
Authors: Ma Chen Yang
Published: February 2025

Since the outbreak of the Russia-Ukraine war, the United States' economic sanctions against Russia have caused instability in the global aluminum market. From a business operations perspective, this study analyzes the risks faced by companies based on data reflecting changes in the international aluminum market since the onset of the war and proposes countermeasures.
By analyzing the contents of the economic sanctions and the changes in related companies, the risks that businesses may face were categorized into four areas. The study suggests developing recycling technologies, shifting market focus, strengthening international cooperation, enhancing public relations strategies, and establishing risk management systems. Through these methods, this research aims to assist companies in identifying or preventing risks arising from economic sanctions in the future.
Emotional Design Optimization of Memorial Space Based on Nomadic Theory
Authors: Zhu Jie , Liu Jiaqi
Published: February 2025

Memorials bear the responsibility of popularizing cultural knowledge and promoting the spirit of patriotism. In recent years, due to the increasing support of the government for memorials, there are more and more memorials, and they have gradually received widespread attention from the whole society. However, with the development of the digital age, the public pays more and more attention to user experience. In today's information age, the main narrative methods of text and images have exposed the weakness of the emotional expression of memorial space. Based on the nomadic theory, this paper takes contemporary memorials as the research object, adopts literature research method, case analysis method and comparative analysis method, transforms the idea of nomadic space into the design of contemporary memorial space, combines emotional design techniques, breaks the traditional spatial boundaries, and forms a multi-dimensional dynamic space, which can reshape the experience of memorials and return to the core of space, that is, human experience, and provide new methods and inspiration for the spatial design of contemporary memorials.
Phytochemical Investigation, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Some Parmeliaceae Lichens from Western Himalaya
Authors: Pant Kiran , Joshi Pushpa , Upreti Dalip Kumar , Nayaka Sanjeeva , Darmwal Jyoti
Published: February 2025

This study aimed to examine the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities and the phytochemical composition of three Parmeliaceae lichens from the western Himalayas. Three lichen species (Everniastrum cirrhatum (Fr.) Hale, Parmotrema reticulatum (Taylor) M. Choisy, and Usnea orientalis Motyka) were analyzed for antimicrobial, antioxidant assay, and chemical analyses using Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The chemical constituents were identified, and the percentage of components obtained was calculated. Antimicrobial activity was tested with the agar well diffusion method, and the total antioxidant capacity was measured using the phosphomolybdenum method (Total Antioxidant Capacity – TAC) and the hydrogen peroxide radical scavenging test. GC-MS analysis of methanol extracts from the lichens revealed 57 compounds in all three species. Methanol extracts from these lichens demonstrated strong antimicrobial activity (inhibition zones: 8.6 ± 0.09 to 28.2 ± 0.23 mm) with the highest activity against Salmonella typhi. They also exhibited low minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 0.125 mg against many microbes. The antioxidant capacity of methanol extracts ranged from 1.256 to 1.991 mg/g ascorbic acid equivalent. Interestingly, the hexane extract of E. cirrhatum showed the highest hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity at 91.13%. This study highlights the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of these Parmeliaceae lichens, attributed to their diverse secondary metabolites. These findings suggest promising prospects for the development of novel antimicrobial and antioxidant agents from lichen extracts, warranting further exploration in pharmacological and biomedical research.
UN MODELO PARA MEJORAR EL DESEMPEÑO EN INSTITUCIONES DE EDUCACIÓN SUPERIOR PÚBLICAS
Authors: Leyva Cordero Oswaldo , Baltodano Garcia Gabriela
Published: February 2025

En México, la educación superior ha sido priorizada mediante la Ley General de Educación Superior de 2019, la cual tiene como objetivo garantizar un acceso equitativo a una educación de alta calidad, gratuita y que impulse el desarrollo social, científico, tecnológico e innovador. Este estudio propone un modelo para optimizar el desempeño de las universidades públicas estatales en México, teniendo a la cultura organizacional, la autoevaluación, la gestión del conocimiento y el presupuesto institucional como variables cruciales. La metodología adoptada es de carácter cuantitativo, y se basa en una encuesta realizada a 546 docentes, personal administrativo y directivos de treinta universidades mexicanas, así como la creación de una base de datos de indicadores de desempeño. A partir de estos hallazgos, se desarrolla un modelo adaptado a las necesidades del entorno, con el objetivo de potenciar la innovación, la investigación científica y el impacto social de las universidades.
Síndrome de Millard-Gubler de etiología traumática: caso clínico
Authors: Altamirano Alex Mauricio , Martínez Basantes Macarena Brigitte , Guananga Chico Evelyn Carolina , Cárdenas Balarezo Maybrith Fernanda
Published: February 2025

Introducción: el síndrome de Millard-Gubler se produce por una lesión en la zona ventral y caudal de la protuberancia, teniendo como manifestación clínica un síndrome alterno de tallo, con parálisis del sexto y séptimo par craneal del lado de la lesión y hemiplejia contralateral. Existen pocos casos reportados de etiología traumática.
Presentación del caso: paciente masculino de 22 años que acude a urgencias por presentar trauma craneoencefálico moderado, debido a accidente de tránsito, con pérdida de la consciencia de minutos de duración; luego de lo cual es evaluado con imposibilidad para la abducción del ojo derecho, parálisis facial periférica derecha y hemiparesia contralateral. Se obtienen imágenes por resonancia magnética donde se observa una imagen hiperintensa en secuencias T2 y FLAIR, localizada en la región ventral derecha de la protuberancia, confirmando el diagnóstico de síndrome de Millard-Gubler. Se instauraron medidas de soporte y administración de glucocorticoides, con lo cual hubo una disminución de la debilidad muscular en la extremidad y la cara, con persistencia de la parálisis ocular motora durante la fase aguda.
Discusión: los síndromes alternos de tallo cerebral constituyen un reto diagnóstico en la práctica diaria, dentro de las causas más comunes se ha observado el ataque cerebrovascular, los tumores de tallo cerebral y la desmielinización, pero existen escasos reportes sobre la etiología traumática y su evolución clínica.
Conclusiones: el síndrome de Millard-Gubler, secundario a un traumatismo, es una condición poco conocida y estudiada debido a su baja incidencia. Adicionalmente, no existe un mecanismo fisiopatológico propuesto de forma definitiva que permita delimitar el tratamiento adecuado en estos pacientes.
Pembudidayaan Ikan Lele Sebagai Penunjang Ekonomi dan Kreatifitas Masyarakat Desa Sungai Gelam
Authors: Safelia Nela , Monica Br. Siringo Ringo Santa , Agung Pratama Muhammad , Meiyuli Meiyuli , Danuarta Lumban Tungkup Elisa , Danuarta Lumban Tungkup Elisa , Nurulfa Nurulfa
Published: February 2025

Ikan lele sangkuriang merupakan salah satu ikan konsumsi air tawar yang mempunyai keuntungan cukup baik. Penerapan teknologi bioflok pada budidaya ikan lele meningkatkan biaya pakan hingga 300 (20% dari total biaya produksi ) Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui pengembangan ikan lele, jenis ikan yang digemari masyarakat dengan rasa yang lezat, daging empuk, duri teratur dan dapat disajikan dalam berbagai menu masakan. Budidaya ikan lele memang lebih baik jika dibandingkan dengan budidaya ikan air tawar lainnya, karena ikan lele cenderung lebih cepat dewasa dibandingkan air tawar lainnya. Ikan lele sudah dapat dujual dalam kurun waktu kurang lebih 3 bulan sesuai pemeliharaannya.
Pembinaan Pemasaran Berbasis E-Commerce dalam Meningkatkan Kinerja Usaha pada Anggota Usaha Bank Sampah Pinang Masak Lestari Kota Jambi
Authors: Indrawijaya Sigit , Dahmiri Dahmiri , Isnaeni Nurida , Sumarni Sumarni , Hasanah Nur
Published: February 2025

Pemerintah Indonesia telah berkomitmen untuk mendorong pertumbuhan usaha mikro, kecil, dan menengah (UMKM) melalui kebijakan yang mendukung, seperti Undang-Undang No 20 Tahun 2008 dan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 7 tahun 2021. Meskipun pertumbuhan jumlah UMKM terus meningkat, kualitas dan daya tahan usaha masih menjadi masalah serius, terutama dalam sektor makanan dan minuman di Provinsi Jambi. Penurunan kapasitas produksi sering kali disebabkan oleh kurangnya pengetahuan dan keterampilan dalam pemasaran berbasis e-commerce, serta keterbatasan infrastruktur digital dan akses internet yang merata. Dalam menghadapi tantangan ini, sebuah kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat di Kota Jambi berfokus pada peningkatan kapasitas usaha anggota Bank Sampah Pinang Masak Lestari melalui penerapan strategi pemasaran digital. Melalui serangkaian pelatihan, pembinaan, dan kolaborasi dengan pemerintah lokal dan platform e-commerce, proyek ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan anggota dalam mengelola toko online, pemasaran digital, dan logistik e-commerce. Dengan demikian, diharapkan dapat terjadi peningkatan penjualan, akses pasar yang lebih luas, dan keberlanjutan usaha. Kegiatan pengabdian ini juga memungkinkan mereka untuk mengaplikasikan pengetahuan teoritis mereka dalam konteks praktis dan meningkatkan keterampilan kewirausahaan serta digital. Hasil kegiatan Program Pembinaan Pemasaran Berbasis E-Commerce dalam Meningkatkan Kinerja Usaha pada Anggota Usaha Bank Sampah Pinang Masak Lestari Kota Jambi, berhasil meningkatkan penjualan dan keterlibatan pelanggan melalui pelatihan intensif dalam pemasaran digital. Dengan membekali anggota dengan keterampilan dalam pengembangan website dan pemasaran media sosial, anggota bank sampah mampu memperluas jangkauan pasar dan memaksimalkan hasil penjualan produk daur ulang mereka. Evaluasi menunjukkan peningkatan signifikan dalam penjualan dan interaksi pelanggan, meskipun terdapat tantangan terkait keterbatasan sumber daya teknis. Program ini memberikan fondasi kuat untuk keberlanjutan dan pertumbuhan usaha di masa depan.
Pengeproblemer
Authors: Jones Samuel P. , Beck Anne-Marie T.
Published: February 2025

Artiklen undersøger, hvordan forskellige livsbegivenheder påvirker de gældsudsattes copingstrategi, og hvilken betydning økonomisk rådgivning har for de gældsudsattes fremadrettede copingstrategier. Copingbegrebet er i en dansk sociologisk sammenhæng ofte anvendt i studier af fattigdom, hvorimod analyser af gældsudsattes copingstrategier er underbelyste. Artiklens empiriske fund bygger på 9 biografiske interviews med gældsudsatte, der har været i kontakt med en gældsrådgivningstjeneste. Artiklen afdækker, at problembaserede strategier er udbredte i de tidlige faser af et gældsforløb, men også at strategierne ofte er kortsigtede og at der er flere eksempler på reaktive følelsesbaserede strategier. Vendepunkter i gældshistorierne er kendetegnet ved en kombination af anerkendelsen af gælden som problem og en opfordring fra netværket om at søge gældsrådgivning. Rådgivningsforløbet hos den frivillige gældsrådgivningstjeneste kan bidrage til udviklingen af nye problembaserede og følelsesfokuserede copingstrategier. Rådgivningsforløbene kan give den gældsramte en rettighedsbevidsthed, styrket forhandlingskapacitet og en mere langsigtet økonomisk plan. Følelsesmæssigt kan de bidrage til at skabe ro, optimisme og i nogle tilfælde en ny problemforståelse hos de gældsudsatte. De specifikke interaktionsdynamikker mellem problemfokuseret og følelsesfokuseret coping bør modtage mere opmærksomhed i sociologisk forskning.
Hvad nu hvis vi lod som om?
Authors: Thomassen Bjørn
Published: February 2025

Hvad nu, hvis verden var en drøm, og hvad nu, hvis vores drømme er det stof, som verden er lavet af? Gabriel Tarde stiller faktisk dette spørgsmål i et af sociologiens hovedværker, The Laws of Imitation (1903[1891]). Sociologi er en empirisk videnskab, men en stor del af vores sociale eksistens handler om, noget, der ikke nødvendigvis ’sker’ i ’virkeligheden’, men som vedrører en ‘som om’-verden. Antropologen Victor Turner kaldte denne dimension af det sociale liv for ’life in the conditional’, oplevelser, der finder sted i ’the subjunctive mode’, hvor vi legende skaber en anden virkelighed end den foregivne. Børn bevæger sig ubesværet ind i denne dimension, når de med et impulsivt skift til datidsform træder ind i legens rum (“du var far, og jeg var mor”). Meget tyder på, at denne evne faktisk har været afgørende for den menneskelige evolution.
Intervarietal differences in economically valuable traits and biochemical parameters of red beets
Authors:   Far Eastern State Agrarian University, Pakusina Antonina P. , Oborskaya Yuliya V. ,   Far Eastern State Agrarian University, Sakara Nikolay A. ,   Primorskaya Vegetable Experimental Station – branch of the Federal Scientific Vegetable Center, Mikheev Yurii G. ,   Primorskaya Vegetable Experimental Station – branch of the Federal Scientific Vegetable Center, Platonova Tatiana P. ,   Amur State University
Published: February 2025

This article presents the results of studies of economically valuable traits and biochemical indicators of beetroot varieties and hybrids of domestic and foreign breeding in the conditions of south of Amur region. The germination of seeds of varieties and hybrids of beetroot
ranged from 80% to 88%. The high field germination of seeds (88%) was shown by the beets of
Primorskaya 4 variety. The Uspekh variety had lower marketability (83.9%) compared to other
varieties, but was distinguished by a high average weight of root crop (294.7 g). The beet variety
Valenta had a low average root weight of 168 g. The yield of beet varied from 30.0 t/ha (Detroit variety) to 44.3 t/ha (Pablo F1 variety). The maximum yield was formed in beet varieties Primorskaya 4 (37.9 t/ha), marketability 89.4%; Tsilindra (40.0 t/ha), marketability 90.2%; Pablo (44.3 t/ha),
marketability 91.7%. A high organoleptic rating was given to the domestic varieties Primorskaya 4
and Uspekh. The most suitable variety for harvesting by a combine harvester was Primorskaya 4 variety, with an erect arrangement of leaves on the head of root crop. In terms of sugar content, this
variety was also in the lead. The content of ascorbic acid in beet roots ranged from 6.53 mg/100 g
(Uspekh variety) to 10.90 mg/100 g (Detroit variety), dry matter – from 14.39% (Pablo F1 variety)
to 21.75% (Uspekh variety). The highest level of accumulation of coloring substances (betaxanthins and betacyanins) in beet root crops was noted for varieties Uspekh, Valenta.
Formation of soybean seed productivity depending on seeding method and rate
Authors:   All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Soybean, Rafalskiy Sergey V. , Rafalskaya Natalia B. ,   All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Soybean
Published: February 2025

The paper presents the results of field research, conducted in 2021–2023. The re- search was aimed at creating the efficient space structure of soybean while sowing. This structure
was based on seeding method and rate. It has been done to increase the seed production of new
varieties for accelerated variety renewal as well as for variety changing. The field experiments
were conducted at alluvial chernozem-like soil on the experimental field of All-Russia Scientific
Research Institute of Soyabean with the fairly beneficial weather conditions for soybean. The experiment scheme included row sowing with 15 cm row spacing and 45 wide-space sowing of
Topaz variety. It was an ultra-early ripening variety with the seed rating from 400 to 600 thousand
viable seeds per hectare, respectively. The traditional row sowing of viable seeds with the seed
rating 400 thousand per hectare increased the variety crop production up to 2.8 t/ha proving the
soybean seeds production at 2.3 t/ha. The wide-space sowing with the seed rating 600 thousand
viable seeds per hectare produced the crop yield over 3t/ha promoting the soybean seed production
at 2.42 t/ha. As the result, it has been detected that combination this seeding method induced the
efficient space structure of plants within the soybean variety agrocenosis. While increasing the
variety seed productivity up to 18–27%, the bioproductivity of cenosis was increased at 26%.
Influence of mixed fodder additives of vegetable origin on milk productivity of cows and milk quality
Authors:   Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy (Kaluga branch), Lashin Anton P. , Maksimov Nikita I. ,   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA named after K. I. Skryabin, Syrovatskiy Maksim V. ,   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA named after K. I. Skryabin
Published: February 2025

In this study, 20 Holstein cows were selected and divided into 4 groups. Selected
heads were of similar weight (500 kg) and the same milk productivity. The first group was control; the rest three groups were experimental. Feed additives of plant origin were added to the
main diet of animals of three experimental groups within 20 days. The animals of the first experimental group were fed with 100 g of dried crushed plant material per head per day; the second
and third experimental groups were fed with 150 g and 200 g, respectively. Animals in the control
group did not receive feed additives. Milk samples were taken in the morning on the 1st, 10th, 20th,
30th and 40th days of the main experimental period in order to evaluate the content of key milk indicators. The results have shown that feed additives of plant origin promote a significant increase
in milk productivity of dairy cows, but do not have a significant effect on various milk quality
indicators. The effect, capable of increasing milk production has been linked to the amount of
feed additive inclusion in experimental groups, consequently it is advisable to add from 150 to
200 g per head per day.
Organizational and technological mechanism of the organic fertilizer market development
Authors:   Azov Black Sea Engineering Institute – Branch of Don State Agrarian University, Bondarenko Anatoliy M. , Kachanova Lyudmila S. ,   Russian Customs Academy
Published: February 2025

Achieving food independence and ensuring food and economic security is associated with the development of the fertilizer market. The conducted research points to the established
market of mineral fertilizers with stable supply and demand, with a focus on export operations.
Despite the efforts of the state to curb the prices of mineral fertilizers within the country, their share
in the costs of growing crops is significant. There is no organized market for organic fertilizers in
Russia. Production on an industrial scale has not been established, although all the prerequisites
are present, in particular, a sufficiently powerful resource and raw material base. During the study
period from 2009 to 2021, the volume of solid manure decreased from 105.95 to 86.64 million tons,
semi-liquid from 117.02 to 109.13 million tons, liquid manure increased from 38.68 to 87.62 million
tons. There is an urgent need for the production and application of organic fertilizers, as indicated
by the negative balance of humus from 3.14 to 6.26 million tons of primary nutrient. It is proposed
to develop an organizational and technological mechanism for the development of the organic fertilizers market. The conceptual apparatus of the mechanism is presented, organizational and technological components are determined. It is necessary to justify the placement of the production of
organic fertilizers. For these purposes, it is proposed to use the optimal localization of processing
enterprises based on theories of production placement (standard theories). The connection of the resource and raw material base with the finished product – organic fertilizers is defined in the form of
a developed matrix formed according to the directions of production and the choice of technology.
The technologies of applying organic fertilizers are substantiated; a modern complex of technical
means is proposed, developed using hightech technologies and tested at agar enterprises in the south
of Russia. Full-fledged application of high-quality organic fertilizers contributes to the restoration of
soil balance, increasing crop yields.
MAHATHIR'S RETURN: THE ENDURANCE OF PRIME MINISTER DOMINATION IN MALAYSIA
Authors: -Abaidah Tunku Nashril , Agus Yusoff Mohammad
Published: February 2025

The momentous win of Pakatan Harapan (PH) in Malaysia’s 14th general election in May 2018 and the return of Mahathir to power for the second time caused many to believe that the call for institutional reform, especially in limiting the power of the prime minister, would finally come true. However, the domination of the prime minister continued despite the commitment made to limit that power, thus raising concern over the growing power held by the prime minister. This article argues that after almost two years in power, prime minister domination under Mahathir grew despite the reforms which have been manifested, thus indicating the endurance of prime minister domination. The plausible explanation for this is the asymmetrical power embedded in the political system which allows the prime minister to dominate the political process and accumulate power in his hands.

Keywords: asymmetrical power, prime minister domination, Malaysian politics, Mahathir, power consolidation
ADAPTIVE CAPACITY AND ADAPTATION PRACTICES TO CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS OF FEMALE-HEADED HOUSEHOLDS IN THE PHILIPPINES
Authors: Delfino Ariel N. , Dizon Josefina T.
Published: February 2025

Climate change does not only affect the global and national settings but also significantly disturbs households and individuals in the community, particularly the female-headed households. Consequently, this study aimed to analyse the adaptive capacity and adaptation practices to climate change impacts of female-headed households in the coastal communities of Lagonoy, Camarines Sur, Philippines. A quantitative method following causal-comparative and correlational research designs was employed in this study. Applying the multi-stage sampling technique, 162 out of 281female-headed households from the east and north coastal communities of Lagonoy comprised the study respondents. Results revealed that the female-headed households’ capacities are moderately to highly adaptive as far as their economic and social resources are concerned. However, they are less to moderately adaptive in terms of their institutional and human resources. Further, the respondents have well strategised local adaptation practices or knowledge before, during and after the onslaught of natural calamities. This study also revealed a significant relationship between the respondents' adaptive capacity and adaptation practices from the two remote coastal communities. The adaptation practices during and after the onslaught of the natural disaster, educational attainment, and number of working household members are some of the factors that affect their adaptive capacity to climate change impacts. It is highly recommended that the national government, through the directive of policy makers, establish specific social protection programs by integrating the ecological and gender-sensitive framework.
WALL ART IN GEORGE TOWN: THE EFFECTS OF AESTHETIC GENTRIFICATION IN A CULTURAL HERITAGE SITE
Authors: Wu Ying Qi , Cao Yue
Published: February 2025

The purpose of this study is to investigate the development of wall installations and their effect on aesthetic gentrification in the George Town heritage site, Penang, Malaysia. This study first investigates the three waves of aesthetic gentrification in George Town by adopting Chang’s (2016) framework. Besides, the concept of place-making is adapted to examine the emotional connection between residents and wall installations. The findings show that aesthetic gentrification was initiated in George Town after the nomination of George Town as the World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 2008. Today, 52 wall installations are existing in George Town, which are involved in three historical stages (planning phase, preparatory phase, installation phase) and categorised into three types of themes (multi-cultural trading mode, traditions of Asia and European colonial influence, George Town’s unique culture and townscape), to identify George Town’s heritage. The wall installations are designed under government sponsorship for the preservation of George Town’s heritage and to boost the tourism industry. Policy-driven sponsorship for the art creation changed the artistic atmosphere in George Town from one that is characterised by traditional trade to one that is driven by art tourism. This has caused the emergence of conflicts between the residents and artistic creation, as well as competition for space.
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE FIRST PHASE OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC CRISIS MANAGEMENT BETWEEN MALAYSIA AND SINGAPORE
Authors: Ambikapathy Manimegalai , Razak Nurul Atiqah Abdul
Published: February 2025

In December 2019, a virus has been found in Wuhan, China, known as Coronavirus or Covid-19. Social and business operations shut down temporarily as countries urge citizens to stay inside to flatten the curve. During these worrying times, the government is forced to provide the best responses to the public for combating the crisis during the first wave of crisis in 2020. This paper will discuss the actions taken by Malaysia and Singapore countries as well as the comparisons between the responses taken by both countries with the assistance of the conceptual review analysis method. Despite within the same region and as a neighbouring state, the approaches taken by Singapore are different compared to Malaysia. In Singapore's approaches, they implemented more flexible and relaxed plans, and the government’s effort in contact tracing is appropriate in today’s world, which by introducing digitalisation of public health records as well as the dependence on technology is one of the factors Singapore able to curb the virus transmission. This article serves as a guide for the future crisis in selecting the best response as a proactive strategy in handling crisis.
TRANSNATIONAL MOBILITIES, INTERCULTURAL RHYTHMS: THE JOURNEY OF A DRUMMER IN MALAYSIAN POPULAR MUSIC, 1980S AND 1990S
Authors: Johan Adil
Published: February 2025

Zahid Ahmad is one of Malaysia’s most accomplished drummers. He experienced the transnational mobilities and success of Malaysia’s popular music industry, recording and touring as a drummer with Sheila Majid and Zainal Abidin in Indonesia and Japan in the 1980s and 1990s. He recently published the book Tuk Tak: Cerita Zahid Ahmad tentang muzik Malaysia [Tuk Tak: Zahid Ahmad’s story about Malaysian music] (2021) that details such experiences and his professional development as a musician in Malaysia’s music industry. This article draws on narrative insights provided in his biography and examines key moments in Zahid’s career; supporting and contributing to the live performances and recorded works of two Malaysian popular music icons. In reviewing the existing literature on interculturalism and race in Malaysia, this article applies a conceptual framework of musical mobility and interculturalism to analyse Malaysian popular music in the 1980s and 1990s. How might the concept of musical mobility be deployed to explain the unique transnational accomplishments of Malaysian popular music artists? What were the cultural conditions, collaborative musical relationships and creative processes that contributed to their local and transnational appeal? Zahid Ahmad's career as a professional musician, his transnational experience performing and his collaborations with musicians in Indonesia and Malaysia effectively set the stage for an intercultural approach to analyse the production of music that draws from the diverse rhythms and sounds of local, regional and global musical styles; ultimately contributing to the commercial success and creative flourishing of Malaysian music across borders in the 1980s and 1990s.
THE SMOKOL PHENOMENON IN MALAYSIA-INDONESIA CROSS-BORDER INFORMAL TRADE AT SEBATIK ISLAND
Authors: Sarjono Fauzie , Talib@Khalid Kartini Aboo , Chan Suet Kay
Published: February 2025

In the context of border trade on Sebatik Island, the governments of Malaysia and Indonesia have signed a series of agreements involving cross-border activities. The implementation and overlap of cross-border activities trigger various polemics, problems, and connotations, especially from trade concept manipulation, borderline manipulation, resource dependence, ethnic border manifestations and local economic integration. The main purpose of this article is to elevate local discoveries to the global stage, especially in understanding the Smokol phenomenon that occurs in cross-border informal trade activities. For this purpose, the ‘presence in the field’ methodology is used to obtain information. A total of six (6) economic actors in Sebatik Island, with three (3) different locations, were used as key informants to identify the background of the community and economic activities of the border community through ethnographic methods and interviews. Meanwhile, 101 economic actors were used as face-to-face questionnaire respondents to identify population, demographics, and perceptions about borders and border trade. The research results found that all the main informants and respondents perform economic activities by applying the Smokol phenomenon. This concept creates an arena of integration as a ‘multi-location market’, a form of the market created by society without government regulation. The implications are huge to justify the governments of both countries to understand the social reality of border communities as border actors in implementing policies related to the interests of the country and its citizens. This study's main contribution is applying the Smokol phenomenon concept in cross-border informal trade activities in Sebatik Island, Malaysia - Indonesia.
SOCIETAL LANGUAGE DOMINANCE OF COVID-19 RELATED SIGNS IN THE LINGUISTIC LANDSCAPE OF A SOUTHERN PHILIPPINE CITY
Authors: Alburo Doveen Mark Mendoza
Published: February 2025

The instantaneous spread and repercussions of the COVID-19 brought a sudden change in Valencia City, Bukidnon, for its local government required all public and private entities to install appropriate markings and signs that would direct people to observe physical distancing, proper handwashing, and wearing of masks. However, no language policies were issued relevant to the health crisis despite the multilingual context of the city, and people were found violating health protocols despite the presence of signs. This qualitative-descriptive study employing Linguistic Landscape (LL) analysis identified the code preferences of top-down and bottom-up actors. It revealed the societal language dominance in the code preferences of the actors. Furthermore, this study utilised the available COVID-19 signs in select streets in Valencia City through photographs and observational protocols. The results showed the top-down actors preferred monolingual English, bilingual English-Filipino, and bilingual English-Cebuano. On the other hand, the bottom-up actors preferred monolingual English, monolingual Cebuano, bilingual English-Filipino, bilingual English-Cebuano, and trilingual English-Cebuano-Filipino. Overall, English, Cebuano, and Filipino are the most prevalent codes, while Ilonggo, Ilocano, and Binukid were not seen in COVID-19 signs. This study revealed that English is, therefore, the dominant language in COVID-19 related signs at the societal-institutional level.
THE POTENTIAL OF BLUE ECONOMY IMPLEMENTATION FOR INDONESIA’S MARITIME TRANSPORT
Authors: Hudaya Kemala , Idris Hanizah
Published: February 2025

Within the discourse of sustainable development, the concept of Blue Economy has received more attention from countries whose crucial sectors are oceans, including Indonesia. The geographical characteristics of Indonesia, as the biggest archipelagic country in the world, brings ocean-related sectors to the top priorities of the Indonesian government. In 2014, President Jokowi committed to adopting the blue economy concept in sectors related to the use of ocean, including maritime transport as one of the targeted sectors. Applying the agency theory to state policy implementation, this article aims to analyse the potential of Indonesian blue economic policies for developing its maritime transport. According to library research and interviews conducted by the author, Indonesia’s maritime transport has a great potential in contributing to the national economic growth. However, looking back at the development of maritime transport in Indonesia, this article highlights a gap between the sector’s potential and its actual contribution to the Indonesian economy. A Sustainable Maritime Transport System, published by the International Maritime Organisation (IMO) in 2013, serves as a great tool for the Indonesian government to help Indonesia meet its greatest potential in maritime transport. In line with the blue economy concept, four aspects of the system align with Indonesia’s focus of concerns: safety of labours, marine pollution, energy saving, and development of port infrastructure. The implementation of the blue economy concept has the potential to not only optimise maritime transport's economic benefits, but also ensure longevity of ocean resources in Indonesia.

Downloads
Comparison of Understanding levels of Science Gifted Middle School Students and General Middle School Students on the Concept of ‘Phase Change and Thermal Energy’
Authors:   Research Institute of Science Education, Kim Dabin , Lee Goeun , Choi Wonho
Published: February 2025

In this study, we compared the understanding levels of gifted middle school science students and general students regarding the concepts of phase change and thermal energy. To this end, we divided the achievement standards into sub-levels to create detailed achievement levels, and conducted a survey of students to analyze the results We were able to find out the following: First, the achievement level of regular students was lower than that of science gifted students. Second, even among science gifted students, the percentage of students who reached the achievement level of understanding all the content required by the achievement standards was small. Third, even when the achievement levels of general students and science gifted students are the same, analysis of student responses showed that general students were less proficient in scientific terminology and sentence expressions than science gifted students. Since the national curriculum of our country is hierarchically structured, the understanding of concepts in lower grades continuously affects the understanding of concepts in higher grades. Therefore, empirical information on the level of understanding of students at each achievement level within the science curriculum is important for the education of individual students. We hope that the results of this study will be helpful in setting directions for science education for not only science gifted students but also general students.