bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigation of Tick-Borne Pathogens in Ixodes ricinus in a Peri-Urban Park in Lombardy (Italy) Reveals the Presence of Emerging Pathogens
Authors: Cafiso Alessandra , Olivieri Emanuela , Floriano Anna Maria , Chiappa Giulia , Serra Valentina , Sassera Davide , Bazzocchi Chiara
Published: June 2021

Ticks are important vectors of a great range of pathogens of medical and veterinary importance. Lately, the spread of known tick-borne pathogens has been expanding, and novel ones have been identified as (re)emerging health threats. Updating the current knowledge on tick-borne pathogens in areas where humans and animals can be easily exposed to ticks represents a starting point for epidemiological studies and public awareness. A PCR screening for tick-borne pathogens was carried out in Ixodes ricinus ticks collected in a peri-urban recreational park in Ticino Valley, Italy. The presence of Rickettsia spp., Borrelia burgdorferi senso latu complex, Anaplasma spp. and Babesia spp. was evaluated in a total of 415 I. ricinus specimens. Rickettsia spp. (R monacensis and R. helvetica) were detected in 22.96% of the samples, while B. burgdorferi s.l. complex (B. afzelii and B. lusitaniae) were present in 10.94%. Neoehrlichia mikurensis (1.99%) and Babesia venatorum (0.73%) were reported in the area of study for the first time. This study confirmed the presence of endemic tick-borne pathogens and highlighted the presence of emerging pathogens that should be monitored especially in relation to fragile patients, the difficult diagnosis of tick-borne associated diseases and possible interactions with other tick-borne pathogens.
Equine Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells Freeze-Dried Secretome (Lyosecretome) for the Treatment of Musculoskeletal Diseases: Production Process Validation and Batch Release Test for Clinical Use
Authors: Mocchi Michela , Grolli Stefano , Dotti Silvia , Di Silvestre Dario , Villa Riccardo , Berni Priscilla , Conti Virna , Passignani Giulia , Brambilla Francesca , Bue Maurizio Del , Catenacci Laura , Sorrenti Milena , Segale Lorena , Bari Elia , Mauri Pierluigi , Torre Maria Luisa , Perteghella Sara
Published: June 2021

In the last decades, it has been demonstrated that the regenerative therapeutic efficacy of mesenchymal stromal cells is primarily due to the secretion of soluble factors and extracellular vesicles, collectively known as secretome. In this context, our work described the preparation and characterization of a freeze-dried secretome (Lyosecretome) from adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stromal cells for the therapy of equine musculoskeletal disorder. An intraarticular injectable pharmaceutical powder has been formulated, and the technological process has been validated in an authorized facility for veterinary clinical-use medicinal production. Critical parameters for quality control and batch release have been identified regarding (i) physicochemical properties; (ii) extracellular vesicle morphology, size distribution, and surface biomarker; (iii) protein and lipid content; (iv) requirements for injectable pharmaceutical dosage forms such as sterility, bacterial endotoxin, and Mycoplasma; and (v) in vitro potency tests, as anti-elastase activity and proliferative activity on musculoskeletal cell lines (tenocytes and chondrocytes) and mesenchymal stromal cells. Finally, proteins putatively responsible for the biological effects have been identified by Lyosecretome proteomic investigation: IL10RA, MXRA5, RARRES2, and ANXA1 modulate the inflammatory process RARRES2, NOD1, SERPINE1, and SERPINB9 with antibacterial activity. The work provides a proof-of-concept for the manufacturing of clinical-grade equine freeze-dried secretome, and prototypes are now available for safety and efficacy clinical trials in the treatment of equine musculoskeletal diseases
Antifungal Activity of the Sesquiterpene Lactones from Psephellus bellus
Authors: Nawrot Joanna , Adamski Zygmunt , Kamińska-Kolat Beata , Kubisiak-Rzepczyk Honorata , Kroma Anna , Nowak Gerard , Gornowicz-Porowska Justyna
Published: June 2021

Due to increasing resistance of pathogenic fungi to antifungal treatments, new types of drugs are needed. For this purpose, active substances with antifungal properties occurring in natural compounds should be considered. The herb Psephellus bellus shows strong antifungal activity and is characterized by unique guaianolides, which have an ester on C-2. Thus, a specialized method of isolation and testing was applied to assess the pharmacological effects of these guaianolides. After phytochemical analysis (chromatography and spectral methods), selected lipophilic compounds and the herb extract of this species containing 26 sesquiterpene lactones were tested. The antifungal effect of the herbal compounds was determined on clinical strains of fungi Candida, Rhodotorula, Trichophyton, Microsporum, and Scopulariopsis using a diffusion test. The MTT assay was employed to study the cytotoxic effects of the extract against human fibroblasts. Statistical analysis was performed. All analyzed compounds exhibited antifungal activity in cultivations suitable for assessment. Most lipophilic cebellins from Psephellus bellus prevent the growth of most fungal strains.
Imazapic Herbigation for Egyptian Broomrape (Phelipanche aegyptiaca) Control in Processing Tomatoes—Laboratory and Greenhouse Studies
Authors: Goldwasser Yaakov , Rabinovitz Onn , Gerstl Zev , Nasser Ahmed , Paporisch Amit , Kuzikaro Hadar , Sibony Moshe , Rubin Baruch
Published: June 2021

Parasitic plants belonging to the Orobanchaceae family include species that cause heavy damage to crops in Mediterranean climate regions. Phelipanche aegyptiaca is the most common of the Orobanchaceae species in Israel inflicting heavy damage to a wide range of broadleaf crops, including processing tomatoes. P. aegyptiaca is extremely difficult to control due to its minute and vast number of seeds and its underground association with host plant roots. The highly efficient attachment of the parasite haustoria into the host phloem and xylem enables the diversion of water, assimilates and minerals from the host into the parasite. Drip irrigation is the most common method of irrigation in processing tomatoes in Israel, but the delivery of herbicides via drip irrigation systems (herbigation) has not been thoroughly studied. The aim of these studies was to test, under laboratory and greenhouse conditions, the factors involved in the behavior of soil-herbigated imazapic, and the consequential influence of imazapic on P. aegyptiaca and tomato plants. Dose-response Petri dish studies showed that imazapic does not impede P. aegyptiaca seed germination and non-attached seedlings, even at the high rate of 5000 ppb. Imazapic applied to tomato roots inoculated with P. aegyptiaca seeds in a PE bag system revealed that the parasite is killed only after its attachment to the tomato roots, at concentrations as low as 2.5 ppb. Imazapic sorption curves and calculated Kd and Koc values indicated that the herbicide Kd is similar in all soils excluding a two-fold higher coefficient in the Gadash farm soil, while the Koc was similar in all soils except the Eden farm soil, in which it was more than twofold lower. In greenhouse studies, control of P. aegyptiaca was achieved at >2.5 ppb imazapic, but adequate control requires repeated applications due to the 7-day half-life (t1/2) of the herbicide in the soil. Tracking of imazapic in soil and tomato roots revealed that the herbicide accumulates in the tomato host plant roots, but its movement to newly formed roots is limited. The data obtained in the laboratory and greenhouse studies provide invaluable knowledge for devising field imazapic application strategies via drip irrigation systems for efficient and selective broomrape control.
Effects of Defoliation at Fruit Set on Vine Physiology and Berry Composition in Cabernet Sauvignon Grapevines
Authors: Cataldo Eleonora , Salvi Linda , Paoli Francesca , Fucile Maddalena , Mattii Giovan Battista
Published: June 2021

Grapevine canopy defoliation is a fundamentally important technique for the productivity and quality of grapes. Leaf removal is a pivotal operation on high-density vines which aims to improve air circulation, light exposure, and leaf gas exchange. The effects of leaf removal (LR) on vine physiology and berry composition in Cabernet Sauvignon grapevines were studied during the 2018–2019 growing season in the Bolgheri area, Tuscany, Italy. The basal leaves were removed at fruit set at two severity levels (removal of four basal leaves of each shoot (LR4) and removal of eight basal leaves (LR8)). The two treatments were compared with the not defoliated control (CTRL). The following physiological parameters of vines were measured: leaf gas exchange, leaf water potential, chlorophyll fluorescence and indirect chlorophyll content. The results showed that defoliation increased single leaf photosynthesis. In addition, qualitative grape parameters (phenolic and technological analyses) and daytime and night-time berry temperature were studied. The results showed that leaf removal had an impact on total soluble solids (°Brix), titratable acidity, and pH. The LR8-treated grapes had higher titratable acidity, while those in the LR4 treatment had higher °Brix and extractable anthocyanin and polyphenol content. Berry weight was not significantly influenced by the timing and severity of basal defoliation. Therefore, this research aims to investigate the effects of defoliation at the fruit set on vines performance.
Low Effectiveness of Prosulfocarb and Mesosulfuron-Methyl + Iodosulfuron-Methyl against Vulpia myuros
Authors: Akhter Muhammad Javaid , M. Abdurruhman Abdullatief , Mathiassen Solvejg Kopp , Kudsk Per
Published: June 2021

Due to natural tolerance to most widely used herbicides for grass weed control, prosulfocarb as pre-emergence or early post-emergence herbicide and mesosulfuron + iodosulfuron as post-emergence herbicide are the mainstays of any chemical control program for Vulpia myuros in Denmark. However, farmers often report variable efficacy of these herbicides on V. myuros compared to other grass weeds. Dose–response experiments were conducted to evaluate the performance of prosulfocarb and mesosulfuron + iodosulfuron on V. myuros. Prosulfocarb was sprayed at different plant growth stages to study the influence of plant growth stage on the performance of prosulfocarb on V. myuros in comparison with the more susceptible grass weed species Apera spica-venti. Doses causing 50% reduction in response variable (ED50) were estimated from the dose–response analysis. The ED50 values revealed a higher tolerance of V. myuros to prosulfocarb and mesosulfuron + iodosulfuron than A. spica-venti. The relative difference in the effectiveness of prosulfocarb between V. myuros and A. spica-venti was constant among plant growth stages studied. The highest levels of V. myuros control were achieved when prosulfocarb was sprayed pre-emergence (BBCH 00), while the control substantially declined at later growth stages. The results from the current study document the tolerance of V. myuros to prosulfocarb and mesosulfuron + iodosulfuron and highlight the importance of optimization of prosulfocarb spray timing for achieving maximum control of V. myuros.
Programmable Invisible Photonic Patterns with Rapid Response Based on Two-Dimensional Colloidal Crystals
Authors: Liu Naiyu , Zheng Zhikun , Yu Dingshan , Hong Wei , Liu Hailu , Chen Xudong
Published: June 2021

The development of invisible patterns via programmable patterning can lead to promising applications in optical encryption. This study reports a facile method for building responsive photonic crystal patterns. Commercially printed patterns were used as a mask to induce invisible patterns revealed by wetting. The masked areas exhibit different swelling kinetics, leading to strong structural colors in the masked area and transparent features in the unmasked area. The contrast could disappear through different wetting behavior, providing a unique and reversible wetting feature. This programmable printing is expected to become an environmentally friendly technique for scalable invisible optical anti-counterfeiting technology.
Elongational Flow Field Processed Ultrahigh Molecular Weight Polyethylene/Polypropylene Blends with Distinct Interlayer Phase for Enhanced Tribological Properties
Authors: Chen Xiaochuan , Wang Xiaotong , Cao Changlin , Yuan Zhongke , Yu Dingshan , Li Fei , Chen Xudong
Published: June 2021

Herein, we produced a series of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene/polypropylene (UHMWPE/PP) blends by elongational-flow-field dominated eccentric rotor extruder (ERE) and shear-flow-field dominated twin screw extruder (TSE) respectively and presented a detailed comparative study on microstructures and tribological properties of UHMWPE/PP by different processing modes. Compared with the shear flow field in TSE, the elongational flow field in ERE facilitates the dispersion of PP in the UHMWPE matrix and promotes the interdiffusion of UHMWPE and PP molecular chains. For the first time, we discovered the presence of the interlayer phase in blends with different processing modes by using Raman mapping inspection. The elongational flow field introduces strong interaction to enable excellent compatibility of UHMWPE and PP and induces more pronounced interlayer phase with respect to the shear flow field, eventually endowing UHMWPE/PP with improved wear resistance. The optimized UHMWPE/PP (85/15) blend processed by ERE displayed higher tensile strength (25.3 MPa), higher elongation at break (341.77%) and lower wear loss of ERE-85/15 (1.5 mg) compared to the blend created by TSE. By systematically investigating the microstructures and mechanical properties of blends, we found that with increased content of PP, the wear mechanism of blends varies from abrasive wear, fatigue wear, to adhesion wear as the dominant mechanism for two processing modes.
Thermally Remendable Polyurethane Network Cross-Linked via Reversible Diels–Alder Reaction
Authors: Platonova Elena , Chechenov Islam , Pavlov Alexander , Solodilov Vitaliy , Afanasyev Egor , Shapagin Alexey , Polezhaev Alexander
Published: June 2021

We prepared a series of thermally remendable and recyclable polyurethanes crosslinked via reversible furan-maleimide Diels–Alder reaction based on TDI end-caped branched Voranol 3138 terminated with difurfurylamine and 4,4′-bis(maleimido)diphenylmethane (BMI). We showed that Young modulus strongly depends on BMI content (from 8 to 250 MPa) that allows us to obtain materials of different elasticity as simple as varying BMI content. The ability of DA and retro-DA reactions between furan and maleimide to reversibly bind material components was investigated by NMR spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and recycle testing. All polymers obtained demonstrated high strengths and could be recovering without significant loss in mechanical properties for at least five reprocessing cycles.
An Apparent Gas Permeability Model for Real Gas Flow in Fractured Porous Media with Roughened Surfaces
Authors: Wu Tao , Wang Qian , Wang Shifang
Published: June 2021

The investigation of gas transport in fractured porous media is essential in most petroleum and chemical engineering. In this paper, an apparent gas permeability model for real gas flow in fractured porous media is derived with adequate consideration of real gas effect, the roughness of fracture surface, and Knudsen diffusion based on the fractal theory. The fractal apparent gas permeability model is obtained to be a function of micro-structural parameters of fractured porous media, relative roughness, the pressure, the temperature, and the properties of gas. The predictions from the apparent gas permeability model based on the fractal theory match well with the published permeability model and experimental data, which verifies the rationality of the present fractal apparent gas permeability model.
The Operation of UAV Propulsion Motors in the Presence of High External Magnetic Fields
Authors: Heggo Mohammad , Mohammed Anees , Melecio Juan , Kabbabe Khristopher , Tuohy Paul , Watson Simon , Durovic Sinisa
Published: June 2021

The operation and maintenance of converter stations (also known as valve halls) in high voltage DC (HVDC) grids is a key element in long-term, reliable and stable operation, especially in inherently adverse offshore environments. However, the nature of the electromagnetic field environment inside HVDC valve halls presents a challenge for the operation of traditional off-shelf inspection robots. In this paper, the impact of the external magnetic field on the operation of an inspection UAV’s propulsion motors is assessed. An experimental method is proposed to simulate the maximum magnetic field interference to off-shelf UAV motors, which can be used to identify their suitability for use in HVDC valve halls inspection robots. The paper’s experimental results compare the performance of direct torque control and field-oriented control algorithms for propulsion motors under the influence of external magnetic flux. Under the influence of a 177 mT external magnetic field, it was found that using direct torque control, the motor rotational velocity steady-state error was up to 55%. With field-oriented control, the steady-state error was 0%, however the peak-to-peak current draw increased by up to 567%.
Measuring Gait Stability in People with Multiple Sclerosis Using Different Sensor Locations and Time Scales
Authors: Müller Roy , Schreff Lucas , Koch Lisa-Eyleen , Oschmann Patrick , Hamacher Daniel
Published: June 2021

The evaluation of local divergence exponent (LDE) has been proposed as a common gait stability measure in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS). However, differences in methods of determining LDE may lead to different results. Therefore, the purpose of the current study was to determine the effect of different sensor locations and LDE measures on the sensitivity to discriminate PwMS. To accomplish this, 86 PwMS and 30 healthy participants were instructed to complete a six-minute walk wearing inertial sensors attached to the foot, trunk and lumbar spine. Due to possible fatigue effects, the LDE short (~50% of stride) and very short (~5% of stride) were calculated for the remaining first, middle and last 30 strides. The effect of group (PwMS vs. healthy participants) and time (begin, mid, end) and the effect of Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) and time were assessed with linear random intercepts models. We found that perturbations seem to be better compensated in healthy participants on a longer time scale based on trunk movements and on a shorter time scale (almost instantaneously) according to the foot kinematics. Therefore, we suggest to consider both sensor location and time scale of LDE when calculating local gait stability in PwMS.
OPAL—The Toolbox for the Integration and Analysis of IoT in a Semantically Annotated Way
Authors: Hertweck Philipp , Hellmund Tobias , Moßgraber Jürgen
Published: June 2021

Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) applications are being used more and more frequently. Data collected by various sensors can be used to provide innovative digital services supporting increasing efficiency or cost reduction. The implementation of such applications requires the integration and analysis of heterogeneous data coming from a broad variety of sensors. To support these steps, this paper introduces OPAL, a software toolbox consolidating several software components for the semantically annotated integration and analysis of IoT-data. Data storage is realized in a standardized and INSPIRE-compliant way utilizing the SensorThings API. Supporting a broad variety of use cases, OPAL provides several import adapters to access data sources with various protocols (e.g., the OPC UA protocol, which is often used in industrial environments). In addition, a unified management and execution environment, called PERMA, is introduced to allow the programming language independent integration of algorithms.
Public Policy Analysis on Watershed Governance in Indonesia
Authors: Sulistyaningsih Tri , Nurmandi Achmad , Salahudin Salahudin , Roziqin Ali , Kamil Muhammad , Sihidi Iradhad T. , Romadhan Ach. Apriyanto , Loilatu Mohammad Jafar
Published: June 2021

This paper, which is focused on evaluating the policies and institutional control of the Brantas River Basin, East Java, Indonesia, aims to review government regulations on watershed governance in Indonesia. A qualitative approach to content analysis is used to explain and layout government regulations regarding planning, implementation, coordination, monitoring, evaluation, and accountability of the central and local governments in managing the Brantas watershed, East Java, Indonesia. Nvivo 12 Plus software is used to map, analyze, and create data visualization to answer research questions. This study reveals that the management regulations of the Brantas watershed, East Java, Indonesia, are based on a centralized system, which places the central government as an actor who plays an essential role in the formulation, implementation, and accountability of the Brantas watershed management. In contrast, East Java Province’s regional government only plays a role in implementing and evaluating policies. The central government previously formulated the Brantas watershed. This research contributes to strengthening the management and institutional arrangement of the central government and local governments that support the realization of good governance of the Brantas watershed. Future research needs to apply a survey research approach that focuses on evaluating the capacity of the central government and local governments in supporting good management of the Brantas watershed.
Food Waste Generation in Germany in the Scope of European Legal Requirements for Monitoring and Reporting
Authors: Leverenz Dominik , Schneider Felicitas , Schmidt Thomas , Hafner Gerold , Nevárez Zuemmy , Kranert Martin
Published: June 2021

The European Commission and the German government are committed to the United Nations SDG target 12.3 of reducing food waste along production chains and halving it at retail and consumer levels by 2030. European member states are required to monitor national food waste levels and report annual progress to the European Commission from 2020 onward. In this regard, the main objective of our study is to provide food waste quantities for Germany by applying methods meeting the legal requirements for monitoring and reporting within Europe-wide harmonized methodology. Our results refer to 2015 and are based on the best available data, using a combination of official statistics, surveys, and literature. We found that approx. 11.9 ± 2.4 million tonnes (144 ± 28 kg/(cap·year)) of food waste were generated in Germany, while the reduction potentials varied throughout the different sectors. Even though the underlying data show uncertainties, the outcome of the study represents a starting point for the upcoming monitoring activities in Germany by uncovering data and knowledge gaps. To meet the political reduction targets, a national food waste strategy was launched in 2019 by the German Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture, which is an important step toward cooperation and exchange between actors along the entire food chain, raising awareness, and improving data quality, monitoring, and implementation of prevention measures in practice.
A Quantitative 1H NMR Method for Screening Cannabinoids in CBD Oils
Authors: Barthlott Ines , Scharinger Andreas , Golombek Patricia , Kuballa Thomas , Lachenmeier Dirk
Published: June 2021

Toxicologically relevant levels of the psychoactive ∆9-tetrahydocannabinol (∆9-THC) as well as high levels of non-psychoactive cannabinoids potentially occur in CBD (cannabidiol) oils. For consumer protection in the fast-growing CBD oil market, facile and rapid quantitative methods to determine the cannabinoid content are crucial. However, the current standard method, i.e., liquid chromatography combined with tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS), requires a time-consuming multistep sample preparation. In this study, a quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (qNMR) method for screening cannabinoids in CBD oils was developed. Contrary to the HPLC-MS/MS method, this qNMR features a simple sample preparation, i.e., only diluting the CBD oil in deuterochloroform. Pulse length-based concentration determination (PULCON) enables a direct quantification using an external standard. The signal intensities of the cannabinoids were enhanced during the NMR spectra acquisition by means of multiple suppression of the triglycerides which are a major component of the CBD oil matrix. The validation confirmed linearity for CBD, cannabinol (CBN), ∆9-THC and ∆8-THC in hemp seed oil with sufficient recoveries and precision for screening. Comparing the qNMR results to HPLC-MS/MS data for 46 commercial CBD oils verified the qNMR accuracy for ∆9-THC and CBD, but with higher limits of detection. The developed qNMR method paves the way for increasing the sample throughput as a complementary screening before HPLC-MS/MS.
Numerical Study of Discharge Adjustment Effects on Reservoir Morphodynamics and Flushing Efficiency: An Outlook for the Unazuki Reservoir, Japan
Authors: Esmaeili Taymaz , Sumi Tetsuya , Kantoush Sameh , Kubota Yoji , Haun Stefan , Rüther Nils
Published: June 2021

The Unazuki Reservoir is located on the Kurobe River, which is influenced by a catchment with one of the highest sediment yields in Japan. Due to a sufficiently available discharge during flood events, annual sediment flushing with full water-level drawdown (i.e., free-flow sediment flushing) is conducted to preserve the effective storage capacity of the reservoir. Nevertheless, the upstream half of the reservoir (i.e., study segment) suffers from the excessive deposition of coarser sediments. Remobilization of these coarser materials and their transportation further downstream of the reservoir is a priority of reservoir owners for sustainable reservoir functions, such as flood-risk management and hydroelectric energy generation. In this paper, an already conducted sediment-flushing operation in the Unazuki Reservoir is simulated, and its effects on sediment scouring from the study segment of the reservoir together with changes in bed morphodynamics are presented. A fully 3D numerical model using the finite volume approach in combination with a wetting/drying algorithm was utilized to reproduce the hydrodynamics and bed changes using the available onsite data. Afterwards, the effects of discharge adjustment on the morphological bed changes and flushing efficiency were analysed in the study segment using an additional single-discharge pulse supplied from upstream reservoirs. Simulation results showed that an approximately 75% increase in the average discharge during the free-flow stage changed the dominant morphological process from deposition into an erosive mode in the study segment. If the increase in discharge reaches up to 100%, the flushed volume of sediments from the target segment can increase 2.9 times compared with the initiation of the erosive mode.
Beyond Streamflow: Call for a National Data Repository of Streamflow Presence for Streams and Rivers in the United States
Authors: Jaeger Kristin L. , Hafen Konrad C. , Dunham Jason B. , Fritz Ken M. , Kampf Stephanie K. , Barnhart Theodore B. , Kaiser Kendra E. , Sando Roy , Johnson Sherri L. , McShane Ryan R. , Dunn Sarah B.
Published: June 2021

Observations of the presence or absence of surface water in streams are useful for characterizing streamflow permanence, which includes the frequency, duration, and spatial extent of surface flow in streams and rivers. Such data are particularly valuable for headwater streams, which comprise the vast majority of channel length in stream networks, are often non-perennial, and are frequently the most data deficient. Datasets of surface water presence exist across multiple data collection groups in the United States but are not well aligned for easy integration. Given the value of these data, a unified approach for organizing information on surface water presence and absence collected by diverse surveys would facilitate more effective and broad application of these data and address the gap in streamflow data in headwaters. In this paper, we highlight the numerous existing datasets on surface water presence in headwater streams, including recently developed crowdsourcing approaches. We identify the challenges of integrating multiple surface water presence/absence datasets that include differences in the definitions and categories of streamflow status, data collection method, spatial and temporal resolution, and accuracy of geographic location. Finally, we provide a list of critical and useful components that could be used to integrate different streamflow permanence datasets.
Cost and Benefit Analysis of Sports Tourism in Downhill Trek, Cikole Lembang, Bandung Barat District, West Java Province
Authors: Cahyadi Hery Sigit , Suherlan Herlan , Dewantara Muhammad Aldo
Published: June 2021

The purpose of the research is to analyze the cost and benefit analysis and find out the feasibility of sport tourism development at Cikole, Lembang in support the lacal community income. This research was conducted at the Downhill Track Cikole Bike Park in Lembang District and is a tourist attraction in the form of downhill bicycle track facilities. The number obtained is the result of calculating the comparison between benefits and costs and shows the value that can be defined as a feasible activity, because the numbers obtained have a value of more than 1 which is an indication of eligibility with a results in the form of> 1 declared feasible and if <1 (less of) is declared ineligible. Based on the calculation results of the Cost-Benefit Ratio (CBR) analysis with the final result in the form of a comparison value of 3,3128528. With the increase in the number of visits and opening of new jobs, the results of the analysis in the form of downhill activities have been declared feasible.
LINFOMA DE BURKITT COMO CAUSA DE PANCREATITE AGUDA: REVISÃO BIBLIOGRÁFICA
Authors: de Carvalho Juliana Jeanne Vieira , Leite Cleber Queiroz , Boaventura Felipe Gomes , da Silva, Messias Genezio Santana , Arnaldo Rafael Garcia , Silva Joilton Dantas Siqueira , Vaiciunas Spencer
Published: June 2021

O Linfoma de Burkitt (LB), pertencente à família dos Linfomas Não-Hodgkin, de células B, é altamente agressivo. Sua etiologia está intimamente relacionada a doenças infecciosas e desregulação imune. Os sinais clínicos implicam em perda de peso, anorexia, dor abdominal, diarreia, icterícia de padrão obstrutivo, anemia, plaquetopenia e presença de massa abdominal quando ali originado, a qual, dependendo do tipo de manifestação clínica, pode levar a uma invasão do pâncreas, ocasionando pancreatite aguda. Assim, há necessidade de análise dos fatores predisponentes do Linfoma de Burkitt como causa de pancreatite aguda, visando elucidação médica acerca da sua etiopatogenia, perfil epidemiológico e manifestações clínicas. As informações aqui expostas, foram levantadas utilizando a base de dados do Medline/Pubmed e The Scientific Electronic Library Online - SciELO. O LB com envolvimento pancreático é prevalente em idades jovens. Nos casos de idade avançada, a injúria do pâncreas é rara e denota uma doença pré-terminal. O tipo endêmico acomete principalmente os afrodescendentes e o esporádico a raça caucasiana. O exame de imagem padrão ouro para avaliar neoplasias com envolvimento do pâncreas é a Ressonância Magnética, pertinente pela boa visualização do comprometimento de vasos pancreáticos e linfonodos adjacentes. Biomarcadores tumorais típicos, como BCL-6 e CD10, podem ser requisitados nos casos suspeitos e indefinidos. Os níveis séricos de amilase e lipase são bons indicadores de um processo danoso do tecido pancreático. De acordo com os dados da evolução de pacientes pediátricos com LB, a resposta à quimioterapia, sozinha, é excelente, no que difere muito de outras neoplasias de crescimento acelerado. Mas isso depende fundamentalmente de um diagnóstico precoce. O estudo e divulgação dessa apresentação, apesar de incomum, contribui para melhor acurácia no diagnóstico e manejo da conduta clínica.
Subaerial beach morphology change from multiple storms during the 2020 hurricane season
Authors: Roberts Briggs Tiffany , Brown Nicholas , Priddy Michael
Published: June 2021

Frequent or consecutive storms impacting coastal areas can result in unexpected or variable impacts. This study evaluates spatiotemporal variability and cumulative impacts on the subaerial beach from four major tropical storms of varying intensity and proximity impacting the study area of Palm Beach County, Florida, during the 2020 Atlantic Basin Hurricane season. Impacts from Hurricanes Isaias, Laura, Sally, and Teddy were measured using Real-Time Kinematic Global Positioning System (RTK GPS) at 14 transects throughout the northern and southern portion of the county. Alongshore morphologic variability resulted from each storm, with some expected patterns of erosion and accretion with a few unexpected impacts. The first three storms caused swash or collision regime impacts on the Sallenger scale. Hurricane Teddy was the fourth storm to impact the study area, causing overwash at numerous locations. Whereas the first two storms of the season caused mostly erosion of the subaerial beach, the southeasterly approach of Hurricane Sally reversed the cumulative volume loss trend in the northern portion of the study area with accretion. Hurricane Teddy was the most distant storm but occurred at the highest tide and produced the largest waves and highest winds. The most variable patterns in erosion and accretion resulted from Hurricane Teddy, which also dominated the overall (or cumulative) volume and contour change. Further study is recommended for a multi-storm season that includes the subaqueous portion of the beach profile to elucidate trends of cross-shore and alongshore drivers of storm-induced morphology change.
App móvil para el registro de sismos en Ecuador mediante la geolocalización
Authors: Rodríguez Mejía Josselyn Silvana
Published: June 2021

El Instituto Geofísico de la Escuela Politécnica Nacional menciona que el Ecuador está cerca de la zona donde convergen las placas Nazca y Sudamericana, lo que determina una importante actividad sísmica. Este trabajo investigativo describe la creación de una aplicación móvil que como resultado agiliza el registro de haber sentido el movimiento telúrico tomando la ubicación exacta mediante geolocalización, además de datos relevantes como fecha, hora y qué tan fuerte se sintió el sismo. Para llevar a cabo el sistema planteado se utilizó la metodología Scrum, en la cual definieron roles, historias de usuario y producto. Para probar el correcto funcionamiento se realizaron pruebas en dispositivos móviles físicos para la aplicación móvil y la página de administración de sismos.
FACTORS AFFECTING STUDENTS IN TRANSLATING TEXTS IDIOMATICALLY
Authors: Tetty Morada
Published: June 2021

The discussion of translation used by students has been investigated long time ago in which the setup of the Second Language Development was firstly established, i.e around 1900s. Many Error Analyses on translation have been analyzed by linguists which become the valuable contributions towards the study of translation. This study deals with error analysis of students’ project on translations of English Department of UNIMED so that there could be drawn some factors that make students are in difficulty in translating texts idiomatically. Qualitative method is used in analyzing this study and all the data are taken from students’ projects and worksheets on translation. Among factors that cause students are in difficulty in translating texts idiomatically are less understanding the meanings of the texts, do not fully master the lexicogrammar, do not understand the language concepts, social context, language use, etc.
Las claves lingüísticas y la imagen visual en la comprensión de textos verbovisuales narrativos: el cuento gráfico
Authors:   , Gómez Bruno Tatiana
Published: June 2021

La investigación titulada Las claves lingüísticas y la imagen visual en la comprensión de textos verbovisuales narrativos: el cuento gráfico surge al reconocer: 1. El creciente protagonismo de la imagen, pero la ausencia de su reconocimiento y trabajo en los contextos escolares y académicos. 2. En las pruebas internas y externas aplicadas a los estudiantes de diferentes niveles educativos se ha incrementado el uso de textos verbovisuales expositivos y narrativos. 3. No hay una tradición de estudios sobre lectura de textos verbovisuales narrativos como el cuento gráfico en nivel universitario. Por lo anterior, se propone explicar, desde los planteamientos de la psicolingüística, la incidencia de las claves lingüísticas y la imagen visual en la comprensión de textos narrativos verbovisuales como el cuento gráfico. Proponiéndose como hipótesis: La información de carácter visual resulta subsidiaria del procesamiento de la información verbal y requiere, al igual que esta última, de estrategias para su análisis. El desarrollo de estrategias específicas en el sujeto lector favorece la comprensión del texto verbovisual. En este sentido, se presenta un estudio de enfoque mixto de naturaleza cuasiexperimental de tipo explicativo, se emplea el estudio de caso y el diseño es preprueba, post prueba, grupo control. La variable dependiente es la modificabilidad en la comprensión; la variable independiente la intervención verbovisual basada en la alfabetización verbovisual a través de lectura y actividades sobre cuentos gráficos de suspenso y terror, ejercicios cognitivos, juegos de estrategia, fundamentación sobre análisis de la imagen visual en sus niveles denotativo, connotativo y conceptual; y la variable interviniente el conocimiento previo y grado de exposición. Algunas conclusiones son: los textos verbovisuales demanda un proceso instruccional; los textos verbovisuales narrativos de suspenso y terror crean incertidumbre pero son lo suficientemente sencillos para fortalecer los subprocesos de comprensión y la cooperación texto-lector-contexto; en la conexión entre claves lingüísticas e imágenes visuales se recurre a características formales, organización desde el género y reconstrucción del sentido; el ensamble verbo-icónico determina los procesos cognitivos y operaciones de pensamiento a utilizar; un sujeto alfabetizado visualmente piensa y analiza visualmente, mejora el comportamiento adaptativo de los sujetos y el aumento en el grado de experticia; a mayor tiempo, frecuencia e intensidad de intervención mayor efecto en el fortalecimiento de los procesos de comprensión de textos verbovisuales; es necesario superar la tradición logocentrista y favorecer la integración de códigos textuales.
About the Issues of the Water Resources Management and Water Use Regulatory/ methodical Base Development in the Russian Federation
Authors:   M. V. Bolgov, E.V. Venitsianov, S.N. Shashkov
Published: June 2021

The article considers the main problems of water complex management related to the shortcomings of the existing system of normative and methodological documents regulating the activities of the sector. There is currently no overall water management system throughout the country. Among the most important problems mentioned is the lack of assessment of the reliability of data on water use and consumption, given in the form of 2TP-water form and other reporting materials supplied by departments as state reports. The system of standards is unsatisfactory. The methods used to calculate the state of water bodies have become obsolete, starting with the assessment of background states, pollution of water bodies from point and diffuse sources. It is noted that the experience accumulated in the industry in the application of regulatory documents requires constant work on the analysis of their effectiveness and improvement, which today is not carried out to a sufficient extent. To coordinate the development of new and editing existing regulatory and methodological documents, it is recommended to create a methodological center under the Ministry of Natural Resources and Ecology with the involvement of leading specialists of the Russian Federation.
Monitoring of Riverbanks as a Part of State Monitoring of Water Bodies: Current State and Development Prospects.
Authors:   Shkolniy D.I., Zavadskiy A.S.
Published: June 2021

In the last decade, a program of state monitoring of water bodies has been implemented in Russia, aimed at collecting and summarizing relevant information on the state of rivers, lakes, and reservoirs. The data obtained during its implementation is entered into a unified automated information system for state monitoring of water bodies - AIS GMVO (automated information system of state water bodies monitoring), available to any user in the format of a web directory. The main body of information presented in the AIS GMVO is the materials of observations of the hydrological, hydro/chemical and hydro/biological characteristics of water bodies obtained at stations and gauges subordinate to the Federal Service for Hydrometeorology and Environmental Monitoring (Roshydromet) and individual executive bodies of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. An important block in them is represented by the results of stationary observations of the variability and state of the river banks within the water protection zones. In the case of further development of the monitoring network, methodological improvement and unification of the observation program, the analysis of the obtained data will gain great scientific and practical importance, allowing to significantly expand the understanding of regional features and spatio-temporal variability of channel processes in Russia. The purpose of this work is to analyze the current state of the riverbanks monitoring system based on more than 10 years of data accumulation, as well as to assess the available results of its implementation.
Methodology for Taking into Account the Morphological Features of River Channels and Dankfull Discharges when Establishing the Planned Position of the Watercourse Coastlines
Authors:   Katolikov V.M., Katolikova N.I., Georgievskey V.Y.
Published: June 2021

Based on the analysis of a large volume of data of hydrological regime observations, as well as of field hydro/morphological studies, it is shown that, due to the ambiguity of the definitions of certain provisions of the Water Code of the Russian Federation, related to the establishment of the planned position of the coastline (boundary) of the watercourse, in some cases the implementation of these provisions is practically impracticable. To take into account the morphological features of river channels in determining the boundary of a watercourse, the bankfull discharge is illustrated, the use of the concept of “coastal edge” is justified, and recommendations are given on methods for its establishment for each of the hydro/morphological types of river channels and types of channel process. Recommendations are formulated for determining the frequency of updating the position of the coastline in areas with coastal deformations.
Drinking Water Supply under the Conditions of Mass Development of Blue-green Algae in Reservoirs.
Authors:   Bespalova K.V., Selezneva A.V., Seleznev V.A.
Published: June 2021

An assessment of the pollution of a surface source of water supply (the Kuibyshev reservoir) with metabolites of cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) under conditions of an increase in biogenic load is carried out. During the period of mass development of cyanobacteria, the quality of water in the reservoir deteriorates in terms of a number of indicators, including smell, taste, and content of organic and toxic substances. Among the wide range of cyanoxins, the greatest danger to the population is microcystin-LR, the concentration of which in drinking water should not exceed 1 μg/dm3. The growth of anthropogenic load and global warming of the climate create favorable conditions for the rapid development of cyanobacteria, therefore, the problem of providing the population with high-quality drinking water will only worsen in the future. Traditional methods used at drinking water treatment plants in Volga cities are ineffective in removing intracellular and extracellular cyanotoxins. The best and safest barrier against the ingress of cyanotoxins into drinking water can be membrane technologies that allow ultrafiltration of bacterial cells without mechanical damage and nanofiltration of cyanotoxins dissolved in water.
Peran Orang Tua dalam Pembelajaran Daring Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19 di Sekolah Inklusi SDN Mojorejo I Kota Batu
Authors: Arsani Saraswati , Hadi Nur , Purwasih Joan Hesti
Published: June 2021

Belajar dari rumah merupakan cara memutus penularan Covid-19, untuk semua siswa tidak terkecuali anak berkebutuhan khusus. Peran orang tua dalam mendampingi siswa dalam pembelajaran daring sangat diperlukan untuk anak berkebutuhan khusus. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan tentang penerapan pembelajaran daring dan peran orang tua dalam membantu siswa terutama bagi anak berkebutuhan khusus. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan wawancara di rumah. Peran orang tua dalam mendampingi anak berkebutuhan khusus dapat digantikan dengan guru privat yang dipercaya mampu mendampingi anak berkebutuhan khusus pada saat pembelajaran daring.
Muslim Reformist Action in Nineteenth-century Tunisia
Authors: El-Mesawi Mohamed El-Tahir
Published: June 2021

This article revisits the origins of the Islamic reformist movement that arose in response to the challenges presented by western civilization in the nineteenth century. Tunisia was chosen because the spirit of reform manifested itself in the form of intellectual activity and socio-political action. The article highlights the features of the Tunisian experience before the French occupation in 1881, reveals the cooperation and complementary relationship between religious scholars and statesmen that gave the reform efforts their substance and form, and discusses the dynamic of the forces that were in play and helped determine the attempted reforms’ fate.
In our days, religion has once again become something alien
Authors: Günther Sebastian
Published: June 2021

No Abstract
Revivalism or Reformation
Authors: Takim Liyakat
Published: June 2021

Since the events of 9/11, there has been much debate in Muslim circles regarding the question of reformation. More specifically, among questions that have been posed are: how can a religion believed to be immutable and constant regulate and serve the needs of a changing community? How can a legal system formulated in the eighth and ninth centuries respond to the requirements of twenty-first century Muslims? Is there a need for reformation in Islam? If so, where should it begin and in which direction should it proceed? These are some of the most challenging questions facing contemporary scholars of Islam. Some scholars suggest that reformation should be interwoven with the reexamination of the authenticity and pivotal roles of the sunnah and the hadith,2 while others want to revisit Islamic law as it was formulated in the classical period and reexamine the traditional exegetical literature. This implies that the proposed reformation should be based not only on changing institutions, but also on a reevaluation of traditional sources and hermeneutics. The recently published Progressive Muslims seeks to provide alternative interpretations of Islam and to refute the views of those who present a static and monolithic Islam.3 In order to examine the issue of reformation, it is essential, at the outset, to discuss Islamic law’s development and evolution during the classical period (the seventh to tenth centuries). Thus, I begin with a brief overview of its classical exposition, the various factors that shaped its formulation, and then explore some of the possible venues in which reformation can take place.