bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Program Green Zone Untuk Melatih Siswa Sekolah Dasar Peduli Lingkungan
Authors: Chisyarani Denna Delawanti , Yasa Arnelia Dwi
Published: April 2022

Sadar akan pentingnya penerapan lingkungan hijau dalam upaya menumbuhkan kepedulian siswa, dilakukanlah program green zone. Diharapkan dari kegiatan pengabdian ini dapat melatih siswa peduli terhadap lingkungan. Metode pelaksanaan program yang terkait dengan solusi yang ditawarkan yakni ceramah tentang jenis tanaman dan manfaatnya, demontrasi, praktik. Pendampingan dilakukan di setiap kegiatan. Peserta diajak berpatisipasi secara aktif dalam mengenal tanaman, membuat pot, menanam, berdiskusi tentang pengalaman menanam dan menjaga Kehadiran dan tingkat partisipasi peserta melalui presensi kehadiran adalah 100%. Kegiatan prakterk penanam dan pembuatan pot dari baahn plastik bekas bisa terlaksana dengan baik. Peserta mampu memahami manfaat tanaman di lingkungan sekolah, perbedaan sampah organik dan anorganik dan mampu mempraktekannya. Presesntase pre tes sebesar 79,8% dan untuk post test sebesar 91,47%. Ditinjau dari presentase pre tes dan post tes terdapat peningkatan pemahaman mengenai pemahan lingkungan, tumbuhan (terkait program green zone). Berdasarkan nilai gain skor terdapat perbedaan penguasaan terkait materi green zone
PELATIHAN PEMBUATAN KUIS ONLINE DI SMAN 1 RUMBIO JAYA KAMPAR
Authors: Fitriani Fitriani , Has Zakir , Wijaya Purba Andy , Setiawati Wiwin , Cholijah Siti , Sukarni Sukarni
Published: April 2022

Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pelatihan pada guru-guru di SMA Negeri 1 Rumbio Jaya, agar dapat membuat soal dan kuis online, sehingga proses penilaian dan evaluasi selama pandemi covid tetap bisa dilaksanakan dengan baik. Pelaksanaan pengabdian kepada masyarakat dilakukan pada bulan September 2021, bertempat di ruang rapat SMAN 1 Rumbio Jaya, Kabupaten Kampar, Riau. Metode pelaksanaan pengabdian masyarakat dilakukan dengan 3 tahap, yaitu tahap observasi, tahap persiapan dan tahap pelaksanaan. Berdasarkan hasil kegiatan dapat disimpulkan bahwa pelatihan pembuatan kuis online dengan bantuan google form sangat membantu para guru dalam melakukan evaluasi pembelajaran, dan tidak sulit untuk digunakan guru. Dengan menggunakan google form, guru dan siswa juga dapat membuat soal, menjawab dan mengerjakan soal dimanapun. Dari hasil kegiatan ini, saran yang dapat diberikan untuk guru yaitu sebaiknya guru membuat kuis online secara bervariatif, agar siswa tidak merasa jenuh dengan bentuk soal yang selalu sama.
Optimalisasi dan Penguatan BUMDes (Badan Usaha Miik Desa) Guna Meningkatkan Ekonomi Nelayan Di Pulau Legundi Kecamatan Punduh Pedada Kabupaten Pesawaran Provinsi Lampung
Authors: Khoiriah Siti , Putra Purwanto
Published: April 2022

Pulau Legundi Kecamatan Punduh Pedada Kabupaten Pesawaran Provinsi Lampung merupakan sebuah pulau yang terletak di lepas Selat Legundi. Potensi ekonomi wilayah ini sangat besar. Wilayah ini memiliki potensi yang sangat besar untuk dikembangkan. Salah satu elemen yang dapat digunakan untuk mengembangkannya adalah melalui BUMDes.  Bumdes adalah kependekan dari badan usaha milik desa, artinya, suatu lembaga/badan perekonomian desa yang berbadan hukum dibentuk dan dimiliki oleh Pemerintah Desa, dikelola secara ekonomis mandiri dan profesional dengan modal seluruhnya atau sebagian besar merupakan kekayaan desa yang dipisahkan. Melalui pengabdian yang Optimalisasi dan Penguatan BUMDes (Badan Usaha Miik Desa) Guna Meningkatkan Ekonomi Nelayan Di Pulau Legundi di Pulau Legundi Kecamatan Punduh Pedada Kabupaten Pesawaran, Provinsi Lampung. Keberadaan BUMDes, memiliki urgensi karena dapat menjadi harapan masyarakat desa untuk meningkatkan ekonomi desa melalui pengelolaan keuangan desa yang di dasarkan pada Anggaran Pembangunan dan Belanja Desa (APBDes).
Implementasi Sistem Hidroganik untuk Menunjang Program Ketahanan Pangan Pasca Pandemi Covid-19 di Desa Sukowilangun, Kalipare, Kab. Malang
Authors: Sufiyanto Sufiyanto , Andrijono Djoko , Widayati Sri , Anam Mochammad Musafaul , Dzulkarnain Zaid , Yuniarti Sari
Published: April 2022

Pemberdayaan masyarakat berbasis potensi dan sumber daya yang dimiliki merupakan salah satu upaya untuk mendorong perekonomian masyarakat. Pengembangan potensi dan sumber daya berbasis komunitas sebagai strategi pemberdayaan masyarakat secara berkelanjutan. Kelompok Sadar Wisata Sukowilangun Berseri dan Kelompok Tani Suka Maju merupakan komunitas yang aktif dalam upaya pemberdayaan masyarakat di Desa Sukowilangun Kecamatan Kalipare Kabupaten Malang. Permasalahan yang dihadapi dalam pemberdayaan masyarakat ini adalah: 1) keterbatasan lahan dan sumber air dalam pengembangan system pertanian dan perikanan air tawar; 2) belum memiliki konsep dalam pengembangan ekonomi kreatif untuk memaksimalkan potensi ekonomi hasil perikanan air tawar. Metode pelaksanaan kegiatan yang dilakukan adalah: 1) pemanfaatan teknologi pertanian dan perikanan terpadu dengan sistem hidroganik, (2) pemberdayaan masyarakat melalui pengembangan konsep ekonomi kreatif. Hasil yang diperoleh berupa: 1) implementasi sistem hidroganik untuk menunjang teknologi pertanian dan perikanan terpadu, (2) disversifikasi usaha ekonomi kreatif melalui olahan Baby Fish Crispy.
Hubungan Loneliness dan Kontrol Diri dengan Ketergantungan Smartphone pada Remaja
Authors: Anggraeni Wina
Published: April 2022

Di era teknologi saat ini, smartphone bukan lagi sebuah pilihan bagi hubungan komunikasi, tetapi sudah menjadi suatu kebutuhan. Remaja adalah kelompok pengguna terbesar dari smartphone. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara loneliness dan kontrol diri dengan ketergantungan smartphone pada remaja. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif dengan 100 orang responden yang merupakan anggota Connect Group berusia 14 – 22 tahun. Pengukuran dalam penelitain ini menggunakan metode skala, yaitu skala ketergantungan smartphone yang disusun berdasarkan karakteristik kecanduan smartphone oleh Kwon, dkk, skala loneliness yang diadaptasi dari UCLA Loneliness Scale dan skala kontrol diri yang disusun berdasarkan aspek kontrol diri yang dikemukakan oleh Averill. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan menggunakan teknik analisis regresi berganda sehingga diperoleh nilai F regresi sebesar 26.118 dengan nilai signifikansi p = 0.000 (p < 0.01) yang berarti terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara loneliness dan kontrol diri dengan ketergantungan smartphone. Analisis lebih lanjut pada hubungan loneliness dan ketergantungan smartphone diperoleh nilai t regresi sebesar 2.503 dan korelasi parsial 0.246 dengan signifikansi 0.014 (p<0.05) yang berarti terdapat hubungan positif yang signifikan antara loneliness dan ketergantungan smartphone pada remaja. Diketahui pula nilai t regresi sebesar -4.873 dan korelasi parsial sebesar -0.444 dengan signifikansi 0.000 (p<0.05) pada hubungan kontrol diri dan ketergantungan smartphone yang berarti ada hubungan negatif yang signifikan antara kontrol diri dengan ketergantungan smartphone pada remaja. Pengaruh loneliness dan kontrol diri pada ketergantungan smartphone sebesar 35% (R Square = 0.350) dan 65% dipengaruhi faktor lainnya. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan dapat disimpulkan bahwa loneliness dan kontrol diri memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan ketergantungan smartphone. Secara terpisah loneliness memiliki hubungan yang positif dengan ketergantungan smartphone pada remaja dimana semakin tinggi loneliness semakin tinggi pula ketergantungan smartphone, sementara kontrol diri memiliki hubungan yang negatif dengan ketergantungan smartphone dimana semakin rendah kontrol diri semakin tinggi ketergantungan smartphone yang dialami. Tingkat ketergantungan smartphone pada anggota Connect Group yang menjadi responden penelitian ini tergolong rendah dengan tingkat loneliness yang tergolong rendah dan kontrol diri yang tergolong tinggi.   Kata Kunci: kecanduan smartphone, loneliness, kontrol diri, ketergantungan smartphone pada remaja
DEBATING LIBERALISM AND COMMUNITARIANISM: FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF MINORITY RIGHTS
Authors: Begari Jagannatham
Published: April 2022

The paper is an attempt to examine liberalism. It further evaluates the interrelation between liberalism and Communitarianism to understand the importance the minority rights and their dignity. The paper also proposes to understand Rawls's theory of justice. The paper also attempts to bring out the limitations of liberalism. Importantly the paper focuses explicitly on Justice. Further, it interrogates several stages of minority rights. It further examines the significance of participatory democracy which strive towards democratization. It also focuses upon multiculturalism to conceptualize the relevance of group rights. The paper discusses the approaches to minority-related issues. To examine critically, the paper intends to assess theoretical interventions and the relevance of communitarianism and the importance of minority rights in India.
EARLY CHINESE IMMIGRANTS, RACISM, IDENTITY AND MAKING OF CHINATOWN IN THE USA
Authors: Mohapatra Atanu , Kumar Prabhat
Published: April 2022

As early as 2000 years before, Chinese ethnic groups migrated and subsequently created diasporic communities in other countries. Moreover, these Chinese immigrants not only preserved but also represented a unique single identity of “Chineseness” far away from their home land despite facing various difficulties. This article tries to review the early phases of Chinese migration to the USA and their characteristics which started in 1848 after the famous Gold Rush of California. It also studies the racial discrimination, identity issues and legal exclusion from native Whites and American authorities which early Chinese immigrants faced during their struggle for getting recognition, impartial treatment and achieving citizenship in the USA. This article deals with how the Chinatown has become an essential part of this struggle against the discrimination, as well as a reflection of solidarity, cultural cohesion and creation of identity. Chinatown also emerged as a place for social ethnic and commercial activities catering the needs of Chinese in the United States.
Galaxy and Mass Assembly (GAMA): The Weak Environmental Dependence of Quasar Activity at 0.1 < z < 0.35
Authors: Wethers Clare F. , Acharya Nischal , De Propris Roberto , Kotilainen Jari , Baldry Ivan K. , Brough Sarah , Driver Simon P. , Graham Alister W. , Holwerda Benne W. , Hopkins Andrew M. , López-Sánchez Angel R. , Loveday Jonathan , Phillipps Steven , Pimbblet Kevin A. , Taylor Edward , Wang Lingyu , Wright Angus H.
Published: April 2022

Understanding the connection between nuclear activity and galaxy environment remains critical in constraining models of galaxy evolution. By exploiting the extensive cataloged data from the Galaxy and Mass Assembly survey, we identify a representative sample of 205 quasars at 0.1 < z < 0.35 and establish a comparison sample of galaxies, closely matched to the quasar sample in terms of both stellar mass and redshift. On scales <1 Mpc, the galaxy number counts and group membership of quasars appear entirely consistent with those of the matched galaxy sample. Despite this, we find that quasars are ∼1.5 times more likely to be classified as the group center, indicating a potential link between quasar activity and cold gas flows or galaxy interactions associated with rich group environments. On scales of ∼a few Mpc, the clustering strengths of both samples are statistically consistent, and beyond 10 Mpc, we find no evidence that quasars trace large-scale structures any more than the galaxy control sample. Both populations are found to prefer intermediate-density sheets and filaments to either very high-density environments or very low-density environments. This weak dependence of quasar activity on galaxy environment supports a paradigm in which quasars represent a phase in the lifetime of all massive galaxies and in which secular processes and a group-centric location are the dominant triggers of quasars at low redshift.
Feedback-dominated Accretion Flows
Authors: Gilbaum Shmuel , Stone Nicholas C.
Published: April 2022

We present new two-fluid models of accretion disks in active galactic nuclei (AGNs) that aim to address the long-standing problem of Toomre instability in AGN outskirts. In the spirit of earlier works by Sirko & Goodman and others, we argue that Toomre instability is eventually self-regulated via feedback produced by fragmentation and its aftermath. Unlike past semianalytic models, which (i) adopt local prescriptions to connect star formation rates to heat feedback, and (ii) assume that AGN disks self-regulate to a star-forming steady state (with Toomre parameter Q
T = 1), we find that feedback processes are both temporally and spatially nonlocal. The accumulation of many stellar-mass black holes embedded in AGN gas eventually displaces radiation, winds, and supernovae from massive stars as the dominant feedback source. The nonlocality of feedback heating, in combination with the need for heat to efficiently mix throughout the gas, gives rise to steady-state AGN solutions that can have Q
T ≫ 1 and no ongoing star formation. We find self-consistent steady-state solutions in much of the parameter space of AGN mass and accretion rate. These solutions harbor large populations of embedded compact objects that may grow in mass by factors of a few over the AGN lifetime, including into the lower and upper mass gaps. These feedback-dominated AGN disks differ significantly in structure from commonly used 1D disk models, which has broad implications for gravitational-wave-source formation inside AGNs.
The Atmospheric Response to High Nonthermal Electron-beam Fluxes in Solar Flares. II. Hydrogen-broadening Predictions for Solar Flare Observations with the Daniel K. Inouye Solar Telescope
Authors: Kowalski Adam F. , Allred Joel C. , Carlsson Mats , Kerr Graham S. , Tremblay Pier-Emmanuel , Namekata Kosuke , Kuridze David , Uitenbroek Han
Published: April 2022

Redshifted components of chromospheric emission lines in the hard X-ray impulsive phase of solar flares have recently been studied through their 30 s evolution with the high resolution of the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph. Radiative-hydrodynamic flare models show that these redshifts are generally reproduced by electron-beam-generated chromospheric condensations. The models produce large ambient electron densities, and the pressure broadening of the hydrogen Balmer series should be readily detected in observations. To accurately interpret the upcoming spectral data of flares with the DKIST, we incorporate nonideal, nonadiabatic line-broadening profiles of hydrogen into the RADYN code. These improvements allow time-dependent predictions for the extreme Balmer line wing enhancements in solar flares. We study two chromospheric condensation models, which cover a range of electron-beam fluxes (1 − 5 × 1011 erg s−1 cm−2) and ambient electron densities (1 − 60 × 1013 cm−3) in the flare chromosphere. Both models produce broadening and redshift variations within 10 s of the onset of beam heating. In the chromospheric condensations, there is enhanced spectral broadening due to large optical depths at Hα, Hβ, and Hγ, while the much lower optical depth of the Balmer series H12−H16 provides a translucent window into the smaller electron densities in the beam-heated layers below the condensation. The wavelength ranges of typical DKIST/ViSP spectra of solar flares will be sufficient to test the predictions of extreme hydrogen wing broadening and accurately constrain large densities in chromospheric condensations.
Measuring Frequency and Period Separations in Red-giant Stars Using Machine Learning
Authors: Dhanpal Siddharth , Benomar Othman , Hanasoge Shravan , Kundu Abhisek , Dhuri Dattaraj , Das Dipankar , Kaul Bharat
Published: April 2022

Asteroseismology is used to infer the interior physics of stars. The Kepler and TESS space missions have provided a vast data set of red-giant lightcurves, which may be used for asteroseismic analysis. These data sets are expected to significantly grow with future missions such as PLATO, and efficient methods are therefore required to analyze these data rapidly. Here, we describe a machine-learning algorithm that identifies red giants from the raw oscillation spectra and captures p- and mixed-mode parameters from the red-giant power spectra. We report algorithmic inferences for large frequency separation (Δν), frequency at maximum amplitude (

ν

max

), and period separation (ΔΠ) for an ensemble of stars. In addition, we have discovered ∼25 new probable red giants among 151,000 Kepler long-cadence stellar-oscillation spectra analyzed by this method, among which four are binary candidates that appear to possess red-giant counterparts. To validate the results of this method, we selected ∼3000 Kepler stars, at various evolutionary stages ranging from subgiants to red clumps, and compare inferences of Δν, ΔΠ, and

ν

max

with estimates obtained using other techniques. The power of the machine-learning algorithm lies in its speed: It is able to accurately extract seismic parameters from 1000 spectra in ∼5 s on a modern computer (a single core of the Intel® Xeon® Platinum 8280 CPU).
The Extremely Buried Nucleus of IRAS 17208–0014 Observed at Submillimeter and Near-infrared Wavelengths
Authors: Baba Shunsuke , Imanishi Masatoshi , Izumi Takuma , Kawamuro Taiki , Nguyen Dieu D. , Nakagawa Takao , Isobe Naoki , Onishi Shusuke , Matsumoto Kosei
Published: April 2022

The ultraluminous infrared galaxy IRAS 17208−0014 is a late-stage merger that hosts a buried active galactic nucleus (AGN). To investigate its nuclear structure, we performed high-spatial-resolution ( ∼ 0.″04 ∼ 32 pc) Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations in Band 9 (∼450 μm or ∼660 GHz), along with near-infrared AKARI spectroscopy in 2.5–5.0 μm. The Band 9 dust continuum peaks at the AGN location, and toward this position CO(J = 6 − 5) and CS(J = 14 − 13) are detected in absorption. Comparison with nonlocal thermal equilibrium calculations indicates that, within the central beam (r ∼ 20 pc), there exists a concentrated component that is dense (107 cm−3) and warm (>200 K) and has a large column density (

N

H

2

>

10

23

cm

−
2

). The AKARI spectrum shows deep and broad CO rovibrational absorption at 4.67 μm. Its band profile is well reproduced with a similarly dense and large column but hotter (∼1000 K) gas. The region observed through absorption in the near-infrared is highly likely in the nuclear direction, as in the submillimeter, but with a narrower beam including a region closer to the nucleus. The central component is considered to possess a hot structure where vibrationally excited HCN emission originates. The most plausible heating source for the gas is X-rays from the AGN. The AKARI spectrum does not show other AGN signs in 2.5–4 μm, but this absence may be usual for AGNs buried in a hot mid-infrared core. Further, based on our ALMA observations, we relate the various nuclear structures of IRAS 17208−0014 that have been proposed in the literature.
Central Black Hole Mass in the Distant Tidal Disruption Event Candidate of Swift J2058.4+0516
Authors: Zhang XueGuang
Published: April 2022

In this article, the central black hole (BH) mass in the distant tidal disruption event (TDE) of Swift J2058.4+0516, the second candidate of relativistic jet birth related to a TDE, is estimated. Swift J2058.4+0516 has quite different BH masses estimated through different indirect methods in the literature. Therefore, it is necessary and interesting to determine the central BH mass in Swift J2058.4+0516 by another independent method. Here, based on the theoretical TDE model applied to describe the long-term time-dependent X-ray variabilities of Swift J2058.4+0516, the central BH mass can be well determined to be around

1.05

−
0.29

+
0.39

×

10

5

M

⊙

, after considering the suggested intrinsic beaming effects from such relativistic jets tightly related to TDEs. Moreover, Swift J2058.4+0516 is a unique object in the space of BH masses versus energy transfer efficiencies of the reported TDE candidates, providing interesting clues to detect and/or anticipate candidates of relativistic TDEs that cause the birth of relativistic jets.
Broadening and Redward Asymmetry of Hα Line Profiles Observed by LAMOST during a Stellar Flare on an M-type Star
Authors: Wu Yuchuan , Chen Hechao , Tian Hui , Zhang Liyun , Shi Jianrong , He Han , Lu Hongpeng , Xu Yu , Wang Haifeng
Published: April 2022

Stellar flares are characterized by sudden enhancement of electromagnetic radiation in stellar atmospheres. So far, much of our understanding of stellar flares has come from photometric observations, from which plasma motions in flare regions could not be detected. From the spectroscopic data of LAMOST DR7, we have found one stellar flare that is characterized by an impulsive increase followed by a gradual decrease in the Hα line intensity on an M4-type star, and the total energy radiated through Hα is estimated to be of the order of 1033 erg. The Hα line appears to have a Voigt profile during the flare, which is likely caused by Stark pressure broadening due to the dramatic increase in electron density and/or opacity broadening due to the occurrence of strong nonthermal heating. Obvious enhancement has been identified in the red wing of the Hα line profile after the impulsive increase in the Hα line intensity. The red-wing enhancement corresponds to plasma moving away from the Earth at a velocity of 100–200 km s−1. According to our current knowledge of solar flares, this red-wing enhancement may originate from: (1) flare-driven coronal rain, (2) chromospheric condensation, or (3) a filament/prominence eruption either with nonradial backward propagation or with strong magnetic suppression. The total mass of the moving plasma is estimated to be of the order of 1015 kg.
Kinematic Decomposition of the H i Gaseous Component in the Large Magellanic Cloud
Authors: Oh Se-Heon , Kim Shinna , For Bi-Qing , Staveley-Smith Lister
Published: April 2022

We perform a profile analysis of the combined H i data cube of the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) from observations with the Australia Telescope Compact Array and the Parkes radio telescope. For the profile analysis, we use a newly developed algorithm that decomposes individual line profiles into an optimal number of Gaussian components based on a Bayesian nested sampling. The decomposed Gaussian components are then classified into kinematically cold, warm, and hot gas components based on their velocity dispersion. The estimated masses of the kinematically cold, warm, and hot gas components are ∼12.2%, ∼58.3%, and ∼29.5% of the total H i mass of the LMC, respectively. Our analysis reveals the highly complex H i structure and kinematics of the LMC that are seen in previous studies but in a more quantitative manner. We also extract the undisturbed H i gas bulk motions and derive new H i gas bulk rotation curves of the LMC by applying a 2D tilted-ring analysis. In contrast to previously derived H i rotation curves, the newly derived bulk rotation curves are much more consistent with the carbon star kinematics, with rotation velocity linearly increasing in the inner part and reaching a maximum of ∼60 km s−1 at the outermost measured radius. By comparing the lower bulk rotation curves with previous studies, we conclude that there is a lower dynamical contribution of dark matter in the central part of the LMC.
Cosmic Reionization on Computers: Evolution of the Flux Power Spectrum
Authors: Mishra Nishant , Gnedin Nickolay Y.
Published: April 2022

We explore the evolution of the flux power spectrum in the Cosmic Reionization On Computers simulations. We find that, contrary to some previous studies, the shape of the flux power spectrum is rather insensitive to the timing of reionization. However, the amplitude of the flux power spectrum does strongly evolve with time, and that evolution is almost perfectly correlated with the timing of reionization. We show how such correlation can be used in a (futuristic) measurement to determine the redshift of overlap of ionized bubbles.
Multiscale Decomposition of Astronomical Maps: A Constrained Diffusion Method
Authors: Li Guang-Xing
Published: April 2022

We propose a new, efficient multiscale method to decompose a map (or signal in general) into component maps that contain structures of different sizes. In the widely used wave transform, artifacts containing negative values arise around regions with sharp transitions due to the application of band-limited filters. In our approach, the decomposition is achieved by solving a modified, nonlinear version of the diffusion equation. This is inspired by the anisotropic diffusion methods, which establish the link between image filtering and partial differential equations. In our case, the artifact issue is addressed where the positivity of the decomposed images is guaranteed. Our new method is particularly suitable for signals which contain localized, nonlinear features, as typical of astronomical observations. It can be used to study the multiscale structures of astronomical maps quantitatively and should be useful in observation-related tasks such as background removal. We thus propose a new measure called the “scale spectrum,” which describes how the image values distribute among different components in the scale space, to describe maps. The method allows for input arrays of an arbitrary number of dimensions, and a python3 implementation of the algorithms is included in the Appendix and available at https://github.com/gxli/constrained_diffusion_decomposition.
SEGUE-2: Old Milky Way Stars Near and Far
Authors: Rockosi Constance M. , Sun Lee Young , Morrison Heather L. , Yanny Brian , Johnson Jennifer A. , Lucatello Sara , Sobeck Jennifer , Beers Timothy C. , Allende Prieto Carlos , An Deokkeun , Bizyaev Dmitry , Blanton Michael R. , Casagrande Luca , Eisenstein Daniel J. , Gould Andrew , Gunn James E. , Harding Paul , Ivans Inese I. , Jacobson H. R. , Janesh William , Knapp Gillian R. , Kollmeier Juna A. , Lépine Sébastien , López-Corredoira Martín , Ma Zhibo , Newberg Heidi J. , Pan Kaike , Prchlik Jakub , Sayers Conor , Schlesinger Katharine J. , Simmerer Jennifer , Weinberg David H.
Published: April 2022

The Sloan Extension for Galactic Understanding and Exploration 2 (SEGUE-2) obtained 128,288 low-resolution spectra (R ∼ 1800) of 118,958 unique stars in the first year of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey III (2008–2009). SEGUE-2 targeted prioritized distant halo tracers (blue horizontal-branch stars, K giants, and M giants) and metal-poor or kinematically hot populations. The main goal of SEGUE-2 was to target stars in the distant halo and measure their kinematics and chemical abundances to learn about the formation and evolution of the Milky Way. We present the SEGUE-2 field placement and target selection strategies. We discuss the success rate of the targeting based on the SEGUE-2 spectra and other spectroscopic and astrometric surveys. We describe the final SEGUE-2/SDSS-III improvements to the stellar parameter determinations based on the SEGUE Stellar Parameter Pipeline. We report a (g − i) color−effective temperature relation calibrated to the IRFM. We evaluate the accuracy and uncertainties associated with these stellar parameters by comparing with fundamental parameters, a sample of high-resolution spectra of SEGUE stars analyzed homogeneously, stars in well-studied clusters, and stars observed in common by the APOGEE survey. The final SEGUE spectra, calibration data, and derived parameters described here were released in SDSS-III Data Release 9 and continue to be included in all subsequent SDSS Data Releases. Because of its faint limiting magnitude and emphasis on the distant halo, the public SEGUE-2 data remain an important resource for the spectroscopy of stars in the Milky Way.
Neptune’s Pole-on Magnetosphere: Dayside Reconnection Observations by Voyager 2
Authors: Jasinski Jamie M. , Murphy Neil , Jia Xianzhe , Slavin James A.
Published: April 2022

The “pole-on” configuration occurs when the polar magnetosphere of a planet is directed into the solar wind velocity vector. Such magnetospheric configurations are unique to the ice giant planets. This means that magnetic reconnection, a process that couples a magnetosphere to the solar wind, will be different at the ice giants when they are pole-on compared to other planets. The only available in situ measurements of a pole-on magnetosphere are from the Neptune flyby by Voyager 2, which we analyze in this paper. We show that dayside magnetopause conditions were conducive to magnetic reconnection. A plasma depletion layer in the magnetosheath adjacent to the magnetopause was observed. Plasma measurements inside the magnetospheric cusp show evidence of multiple reconnection taking place at the magnetopause before the spacecraft crossed the open–closed field line boundary. A possible traveling compression region from a nearby passing flux rope was also observed, providing further supporting evidence that multiple X-line reconnection occurred during the flyby. During a perfectly pole-on configuration, reconnection will not depend on the orientation of the interplanetary magnetic field, as is the case at other planetary magnetospheres. The rate of reconnection will not vary because the area of the dayside magnetopause where antiparallel shears occur will be approximately equal for all interplanetary magnetic field orientations. Therefore, we suggest that rotating into and out of the pole-on configuration will likely drive the “on–off”/“switch-like” dynamics observed in simulations. Consequently, the pole-on configuration is most likely an important rotational phase for driving ice giant magnetospheric dynamics.
Distinct Secretion of MUC5AC and MUC5B in Upper and Lower Chronic Airway Diseases
Authors: Shah Said Ahmad , Ishinaga Hajime , Takeuchi Kazuhiko
Published: April 2022

The human airway is protected by a defensive mucus barrier. The most prominent components of mucus are the mucin glycoproteins MUC5AC and MUC5B. They are produced by goblet cells and submucosal gland cells in the upper and lower airways. Hyperplasia of these cells and hypersecretion of MUC5AC and MUC5B characterize chronic inflammatory diseases of the upper and lower airways. Recent studies have revealed that MUC5AC and MUC5B are expressed at specific sites in the respiratory tract through different molecular mechanisms and have distinct functions. Morphometric and histochemical studies have also examined the roles of goblet cells, submucosal gland cells, MUC5AC, and MUC5B in different chronic airway diseases individually. The individual study of goblet cells, submucosal gland cells, MUC5AC, and MUC5B in airway diseases would be helpful for precisely diagnosing chronic inflammatory diseases of the airway and establishing optimal treatments. This review focuses on the distinct secretion of MUC5AC and MUC5B and their producing cells in chronic inflammatory diseases of the upper and lower airway.
Congenital Cystic Adenomatoid Malformations Type 1: Case Report
Authors: Febriani Andi Dwi Bahagia , Shoraya Nurul Sylvana , Alasiry Ema
Published: April 2022

BACKGROUND: Congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation (CCAM) is a group of multicystic and non-cystic masses due to abnormal lung development. The incidence ranges from 1: 10,000 to 1: 35,000 pregnancies.

CASE REPORT: We report a case of a 3-day male baby presented with worsening respiratory distress, X-ray and chest CT were suggestive of CCAM, and sepsis.

CONCLUSION: The current case adds to the collective clinical and radiological knowledge of this rare congenital lung disorder.
Not only range, but quality: human influence and protected areas within the distribution of mammal species subject to use in the Department of Cundinamarca, Colombia
Authors: Aguirre Sierra Lizeth , Zárrate-Charry Diego A. , Lemus-Mejía Leonardo , Morales-Perdomo Jessica , González-Maya José F.
Published: April 2022

Mammal conservation in transformed landscapes depends heavily on the role of protected areas, especially for species used by local communities both within and around these areas. We evaluated the level of representation and the magnitude of the influence of humans, via human footprint, across the range of mammals used by local communities in the Department of Cundinamarca, Colombia. We emphasised the differences of the human influence at a department scale and inside Protected Areas (PA). The definition of species used by local communities refers to using a resource for its economic, religious and/or traditional value. Specifically, we addressed whether there is a difference between the magnitude of human influence inside and outside the PAs and if the impact is greater on threatened species, species with greater or lesser representation or according to their use. We found 43 species subject to use in our analysis, with low values of representation when compared with global targets (X̄ ± CD = 10.69% ± 4.99) and with high values of vulnerability, based on the mean value of the Spatial Human Footprint Index (HSFI) (57 ± 2.74). We found a difference of 10.72 points between the average HSFI of the Department and that of the PAs (X̄ ± CD = 10.73 ± 5.98%). This shows that the status of each species’ habitats is less impacted by human activities within PAs and that the conservation areas for all species depend largely on their presence in largely transformed landscapes. Although this seems an expected outcome, the Department of Cundinamarca is one of the less represented on PAs at a national level and has suffered from severe fragmentation; thus, our results highlight the need for improving and expanding the current PA system as most species, especially those subject to use, will depend on their existence for their conservation on the long run.
Anti-inflammatory activity of Sabicea brevipes Wernharm (Rubiaceae)
Authors: Attah Emmanuel Ifeanyi , Ugwuagbo Samson Chibuzo , Chinnam Sampath , Eze Fabian Ifeanyi , Nnadi Charles Okeke , Agbo Matthias Onyebuchi , Obonga Wilfred , Rudrapal Mithun , Walode Sanjay G. , Nizam Aatika , Sahoo Ranjan Kumar , Bendale Atul R. , Khairnar Shubham J. , Jagtap Mohini R.
Published: April 2022

Over the years, medicinal plants have been employed in the treatment of inflammation and related ailments. This study evaluated the anti-inflammatory potential of the aerial parts of S. brevipes. The extracts and fractions were further evaluated for anti-inflammatory activity in carrageenan-induced rat model at varying doses (200 and 400 mg/kg doses, orally) for 5 h of treatment. The result of the phytochemical screening showed the presence of alkaloids, terpenoids, glycosides, flavonoids and tannins in the aerial parts of the plant. The in vivo anti-inflammatory study exhibited inhibition of 42% and 44%, 47% and 36%, 33% and 31%, and 43% and 42% for methanol extract n-hexane fraction, ethyl acetate fraction, and methanol fraction, at 200 and 400 mg/kg doses, respectively. The positive control (diclofenac sodium) showed an inhibition value of 51% at 5 mg/kg dose. Finally, it is concluded that S. brevipes possesses anti-inflammatory potential which validates the enthnomedicinal claim of the plant.
Les perceptions managériales du contrôle réglementaire : Une étude de cas sur l’accréditation des hôpitaux
Authors: Vega Miguel
Published: April 2022

À travers un examen des différentes caractéristiques du système d’accréditation d’un hôpital, la présente étude a permis de mieux comprendre comment l’équipe de direction perçoit le contrôle réglementaire. L’étude montre comment ce système, imposé de l’extérieur, s’est transformé en un modèle hybride articulant deux objectifs difficiles à concilier : la conformité et la performance. Les dirigeants perçoivent l’accréditation comme un système capacitant lorsqu’elle les aide à atteindre ces deux objectifs organisationnels sans trop limiter leur action. Bien que le système ait d’abord été perçu comme coercitif en raison de son manque de souplesse, une perception plus favorable s’est rapidement imposée du fait de sa dimension globale et de l’approche adoptée par la direction dans la mise en œuvre des changements organisationnels. Cette étude contribue aux recherches sur le contrôle capacitant en mettant en lumière l’importance des processus d’apprentissage organisationnel, dont la dissonance organisatrice et le dialogue constructif, pour expliquer l’évolution de la perception coercitive/capacitante du contrôle. Associés à une plus grande transparence, ces processus aident les dirigeants à canaliser les tensions entre les différents acteurs. Codes JEL M41, M48
Où commence « l’extrême » ?
Authors: Quinchon-Caudal Anne
Published: April 2022

Bien que l’on parle couramment d’« extrême droite » et que l’aspect autodescriptif de ce terme semble rendre sa définition évidente, il est en réalité difficile de conférer à cette notion un contenu conceptuel rigoureux. Comment délimiter réellement cet objet aux contours flous ? On peut également se demander, si l’on aborde la question à l’échelle européenne et sur une période de plus de 70 ans, quelles sont les différences de sensibilité, intimement liées aux histoires nationales et aux situations particulières, qui font varier le curseur de l’extrême d’un pays à un autre.
La Main rouge : complots, terrorismes et appareils d’État
Authors: Lebourg Nicolas
Published: April 2022

De 1952 à 1960, une organisation terroriste néofasciste nommée « la Main rouge » (MR) frappa dans divers pays d’Europe et d’Afrique. Depuis, enquêtes et témoignages ont affirmé que les services secrets français auraient inventé la MR. L’enquête de police effectuée lors des faits démontre pourtant que la manipulation d’État ne représentait pas toute la MR, et que les réseaux d’extrême droite y jouaient leur rôle.
L’extrême droite espagnole au défi de la démocratisation (1975-1982)
Authors: Trouvé Matthieu
Published: April 2022

L’objet du présent article est de s’interroger sur les reconfigurations et métamorphoses de l’extrême droite espagnole dans le système démocratique mis en place au cours des années 1975-1982, en analysant les principales étapes de son évolution. Cette extrême droite apparaît alors comme une nébuleuse constituée par de nombreux groupuscules qui se disputent le leadership et l’héritage franquistes après la mort du général Franco, mais elle ne parvient pas à s’adapter au jeu électoral. Si elle s’est retrouvée marginalisée sur le plan politique, elle est tout de même parvenue à constituer une sérieuse menace pour la démocratie naissante en s’opposant systématiquement aux réformes démocratiques et en participant à l’agitation et à la violence politique et terroriste.
Stratégies discursives de l’extrême droite sur la nation et l’identité nationale en Autriche
Authors: Akpadji Rodrigue
Published: April 2022

En Autriche, jusque dans les années 1980, le discours sur la nation du parti d’extrême droite FPÖ se caractérise par la vision d’une nation ethnoculturelle panallemande. Dans les années 1990, il opère un revirement opportuniste avec l’idée d’une nation élective qui aboutit à une surenchère souverainiste. Le parti devient alors le porte-étendard de valeurs chrétiennes, pour ostraciser l’étranger.
Vers une Nouvelle Droite nordique ?
Authors: Harry Frédérique
Published: April 2022

Cet article éclaire les recompositions récentes de la droite radicale et extrême scandinave. Revenant sur les différentes mouvances qui l’ont composée, il vise, à partir d’une typologie, à identifier et cartographier les acteurs, les outils et les réseaux actuels et partant, interroge l’existence d’une nouvelle droite nordique.
Enseigner les Lettres à La contemporaine : une approche Freiréenne en temps troublés
Authors: Ribeiro S.C Thomaz Julia
Published: April 2022

Les étudiants en lettres profitent peu de la présence de La contemporaine sur le campus de Nanterre. En parallèle, la didactique est peu discutée par les enseignants universitaires. Face à cette réalité, cet article analyse le cours Archives internationales et contemporaines. Il démontre que les archives sont propices à une pédagogie dialogique et de libération qui développe des compétences transversales en Lettres.
Construire un autre monde : penser la place des hétérotopies dans les luttes révolutionnaires
Authors: Caugant Maëlle
Published: April 2022

Nous proposons une réflexion sur la place des hétérotopies ou utopies pratiques dans les luttes révolutionnaires, en référence aux travaux des philosophes Michel Foucault et Paul Ricoeur. Il s’agit d’appréhender leur fonction, leur rôle et leur efficacité en tant qu’outil de lutte des mouvements révolutionnaires à partir de l’exemple du féminisme autonome bolonais.
La force probante des actes de l’état civil étrangers modifiée par la loi bioéthique : du sens à donner à l’exigence de conformité des faits à la réalité « appréciée au regard de la loi française »…
Authors: Bidaud Christine
Published: April 2022

La nouvelle loi bioéthique a été adoptée le 2 août 2021. La majeure partie des travaux a porté sur l’ouverture de la procréation médicalement assistée aux couples de femmes et aux femmes seules, la possibilité d’accéder à l’identité du donneur de gamète, les recherches sur les embryons humains et d’autres questions relevant réellement de la bioéthique. Quant à la gestation pour autrui, le sujet s’est invité plus subrepticement dans les débats : il s’agissait de mettre un coup d’arrêt à la jurisprudence de la Cour de cassation sur la transcription des actes de naissance étrangers des enfants issus d’une gestation pour autrui.
L’article 311-14 du code civil s’impose encore et toujours au juge
Authors: Legendre Rebecca
Published: April 2022

Aux termes de l’article 311-14 du code civil, la filiation est régie par la loi personnelle de la mère au jour de la naissance de l’enfant. Aux termes de l’article 3 du code civil, il incombe au juge français, pour les droits indisponibles, de mettre en application la règle de conflit de lois et de rechercher le droit étranger compétent.
Recyclage d’une ressource primaire et pouvoir de marché : le cas Alcoa
Authors: Ba Bocar Samba
Published: April 2022

L’objectif de cet article est triple. Premièrement, il étudie l’influence de la perspective du recyclage sur le pouvoir de marché d’Alcoa sur chaque période. Deuxièmement, il analyse l’impact potentiel de la saturation de la contrainte de la ressource sur le pouvoir de marché d’Alcoa à la première période. Troisièmement, il explore la variation du prix pratiqué par Alcoa lorsqu’elle est confrontée à un secteur de recyclage. Au regard de ces objectifs, nous étudions un modèle de type Cournot dans lequel Alcoa extrait l’aluminium sur deux périodes consécutives. À la deuxième période, elle est en concurrence avec un secteur de recyclage. Nos résultats peuvent être résumés comme suit. Premièrement, la perspective du recyclage augmente le pouvoir de marché d’Alcoa sur chaque période. Deuxièmement, l’effet du recyclage sur la variation des prix fixés par Alcoa dépend des élasticités de la demande. Troisièmement, l’association du caractère épuisable de la ressource avec la perspective de recyclage confère à Alcoa un pouvoir de marché plus élevé à la première période. Quatrièmement, le prix pratiqué par Alcoa peut augmenter ou diminuer au fil du temps. Classification JEL  : D43, L13, L61, L72.
Health Insurance Literacy Perceptions and the Needs of a Working-Class Community
Authors: Kakar Rishtya , Combs Ryan M. , Hoepf Young Malea , Ali Nida , Muvuka Baraka
Published: April 2022

Background:

Despite increases in the number of insured Americans, consumers continue to face barriers in accessing care. Low levels of health insurance literacy (HIL) are associated with suboptimal use of health insurance coverage. There remains a need to further contextualize the relationship between HIL and access to care, especially among insured working-class people.

Objective

This study was conducted to understand the pathways through which HIL affects health care decision-making and access to care in an urban working-class population.

Methods:

Using a qualitative descriptive approach, we conducted five focus groups with 45 adult residents of South Louisville, Kentucky. The questions explored participants' experiences of insurance enrollment, use, and health care system navigation, as well as their perceptions and needs regarding accessing health insurance information. Using inductive thematic analysis, transcripts were open coded independently by team members, a focused coding framework was agreed upon, and emergent themes were identified through constant comparison techniques.

Key Results:

Most participants placed high value on their insurance, considering it the most important benefit employers offer. Despite having adequate HIL, most participants expressed frustration with the amount of time and effort they spent to determine the best insurance plan, obtain covered health services, and settle claims, often with ineffective results. Despite having insurance, cost considerations influenced many participants' decisions to accept certain tests or treatments, in some cases resulting in delayed or foregone care.

Conclusions:

The findings of this qualitative study indicate that obtaining health care is strongly influenced both by the individual context of HIL knowledge, experience, and life circumstances, and by the structural context of the complex, bureaucratic, and costly health care system. Interventions to improve HIL should include practical examples and real-life scenarios, because HIL gained from experiential narratives was the most useful in navigating the health care system.

[
HLRP: Health Literacy Research and Practice
. 2022;6(2):e61–e69.]

Plain Language Summary:

By conducting focus groups with a working-class population, this study contextualizes the pathways through which HIL affects consumers' health care decision-making and access to care. Findings demonstrate that obtaining health care is strongly influenced both by the individual context of HIL knowledge, experience, and life circumstances, and by the structural context of the complex, bureaucratic, and costly health care system.
Inhibitory autapse with time delay induces mixed-mode oscillations related to unstable dynamical behaviors near subcritical Hopf bifurcation
Authors: Li Li , Zhao Zhiguo
Published: April 2022

Mixed-mode oscillations (MMOs) consisting of spikes alternating with a series of subthreshold oscillations have been observed in various neurons related to some physiological functions. In the present paper, inhibitory-autapse-induced MMOs are simulated by using the Hodgkin-Huxley neuron model, and the underlying dynamical mechanism is identified to be related to dynamics of unstable behaviors near subcritical Hopf bifurcation. For the monostable spiking, a delayed inhibitory current pulse activated by a spike can suppress the phase trajectory corresponding to depolarization phase of the next spike to the unstable focus nearby or the neighborhood outside of unstable limit cycle, respectively. Then the trajectory rotates multiple cycles away and converges to the stable limit cycle, resulting in an evolution process of membrane potential from small-amplitude subthreshold oscillations to a large-amplitude spike, i.e., MMOs. For the spiking coexisting with the resting state, inhibitory autapse induces MMOs and resting state from the spiking. The difference in the MMOs from those induced by the excitatory autapse is identified. The result presents the underlying nonlinear mechanisms of inhibitory autapse to suppress the neuronal firing and reveals the potential role to control the neuronal firing patterns near subcritical Hopf bifurcation.