bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Selection of Prebiotic Molecules in Amphiphilic Environments
Authors: Mayer Christian , Schreiber Ulrich , Davila Maria J.
Published: December 2016

A basic problem in all postulated pathways of prebiotic chemistry is the low concentration which generally is expected for interesting reactants in fluid environments. Even though compounds like nucleobases, sugars or peptides principally may form spontaneously under environmental conditions, they will always be rapidly diluted in an aqueous environment. In addition, any such reaction leads to side products which often exceed the desired compound and generally hamper the first steps of a subsequent molecular evolution. Therefore, a mechanism of selection and accumulation of relevant prebiotic compounds seems to be crucial for molecular evolution. A very efficient environment for selection and accumulation can be found in the fluid continuum circulating in tectonic fault zones. Vesicles which form spontaneously at a depth of approximately 1 km present a selective trap for amphiphilic molecules, especially for peptides composed of hydrophilic and hydrophobic amino acids in a suitable sequence. The accumulation effect is shown in a numeric simulation on a simplified model. Further, possible mechanisms of a molecular evolution in vesicle membranes are discussed. Altogether, the proposed scenario can be seen as an ideal environment for constant, undisturbed molecular evolution in and on cell-like compartments, the latter offering preferential starting conditions for a subsequent RNA world.
A Novel Micro-Pressure Power Generation System Based on Super Capacitor Energy Storage and PI Controller
Authors: Liu Zhen-Tao ,   School of Automation, China University of Geosciences, Wang Hui-Ting , Li Dan-Yun , Zhou Hao , Zhou Zi-Han
Published: December 2016

A novel micro-pressure power generation system (PPG) is proposed. It mainly consists of two parts: a piezoelectric ceramic power generation device and a super capacitor energy storage module (SCESM). The SCESM is composed of a conditioning circuit and a control circuit. The control circuit has a proportional-integral (PI) controller to smooth the voltage output with pulse-width modulation. The PPG system can generate power and conserve energy as well as support renewable and low-power energy. The superiority of the PPG system is verified through simulation and actual experiments. The process of storing energy takes 572 seconds, and the maximum error of the voltage output is 5%. In future research, we will be studying conversion efficiency optimization for the proposed system, an embedded power supply for wearable devices.
Using the Characteristic Equation to Estimate the Initial Values for Numerical Forecasts
Authors: Matsunaga Eiichi ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tokyo University of Technology, Ohkubo Tomomasa
Published: December 2016

Japan is an island nation that experiences frequent earthquakes. When an earthquake occurs, it is important to forecast its resultant tsunami: its size, location, time of arrival, etc. These forecasts are made using numerical simulations. The initial conditions are very important for numerical simulations, but the small number of tide stations makes it difficult to make highly precise forecasts. The distance between stations is normally several tens of km, and this lowers the precision of the initial data afforded by them. It is therefore common to use data interpolated from the sparse observation data at timet=0. Even so, high-resolution interpolation cannot be expected since the original data is of poor quality. In addition, the interpolated values may not be physically valid because the governing equation may not have been considered when the data were interpolated. We therefore propose a new method of estimating the initial value by using a characteristic equation. In this method, we replace the spatial resolution with time resolution. This results in a high-resolution initial value because the same place is measured more than once. In addition, the characteristic equation is based on the governing equation. Therefore, in this method, an accurate estimation of initial value is considered to be possible. In this paper, we show two applications of this approach, one for a dimensional shallow water wave equation and one for Euler’s equation. The shallow water wave equation is for the tsunami, and the Euler equation is the governing equation of the numerical weather forecast.
Passivity-Based Tracking Control for Uncertain Nonlinear Feedback Systems
Authors: Bu Ni ,   College of Automation and Electronic Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Deng Mingcong ,   Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
Published: December 2016

[abstFig src='/00280006/07.jpg' width='300' text='The asymptotic tracking performance and the passivity property' ] The tracking control problem for the uncertain nonlinear feedback systems is considered in this paper by using passivity-based robust right coprime factorization method. Concerned with the passivity for the nonlinear feedback system, two stable controllers are designed such that the nonlinear feedback system is robust stable and the plant output asymptotically tracks to the reference output. A numerical example is given to show the validity of the control scheme as well as the tracking performance.
Lack of Exclusive Breastfeeding among Working Mothers in Indonesia
Authors: Sari Yulia
Published: December 2016

Continuity of breastfeeding process when mothers return to work is a serious issue that immediately must be followed up, so that exclusive breastfeeding program within the first six months can be achieved. Beside providing many benefits for babies, breastfeeding is also beneficial for mothers and entrepreneurs. This study aimed to determine relation of working mothers to exclusive breastfeeding. This study used was cross- sectional design with secondary data of Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey 2012 with samples as many as 1,193 mothers aged 15 – 49 years who had 0 – 5-month-old babies. Based on multivariate analysis, working mothers could decrease opportunity of exclusive breastfeeding in which mother who worked all the time were 1.54 times more likely not to give exclusive breastfeeding than mothers who did not work after controlled by maternal age at childbirth, household wealth index, and antenatal care frequency (p = 0.038; 95% CI = 1.0 to 2.3). Fulltime working mothers are twofold more likely to not be able to give exclusive breasfedding than unemployed mothers after being controlled by counfounder variable. AbstrakKeberlangsungan proses menyusui pada saat ibu kembali bekerja merupakan isu serius yang harus segera ditindaklanjuti agar program pemberian Air Susu Ibu (ASI) eksklusif selama enam bulan pertama kehidupan dapat tercapai. Selain memberikan banyak manfaat bagi bayi, ASI juga bermanfaat bagi ibu dan pengusaha. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan ibu bekerja terhadap pemberian ASI eksklusif. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah potong lintang dengan data sekunder Survei Demografi dan Kesehatan Indonesia (SDKI) tahun 2012 dengan sampel berjumlah 1.193 ibu berusia 15 – 49 tahun yang memiliki bayi berusia 0-5 bulan. Berdasarkan analisis multivariat, ibu bekerja dapat menurunkan peluang pemberian ASI eksklusif dimana ibu yang bekerja sepanjang waktu lebih berisiko 1,54 kali untuk tidak memberikan ASI eksklusif dibandingkan ibu yang tidak bekerja setelah dikontrol oleh usia melahirkan ibu, indeks kesejahteraan rumah tangga dan frekuensi pemeriksaan kehamilan (p = 0,038; CI 95% = 1,0 - 2,3). Ibu bekerja dua kali memiliki peluang untuk tidak dapat memberikan ASI eksklusif daripada ibu yang tidak bekerja setelah dikontrol oleh variabel perancu.
Family Planning Information, Education and Communication with Contaceptive Use
Authors: Winarni Endah , Dawam Muhammad
Published: December 2016

Family Planning Information, Education, Communication (FP IEC) takes an important role in improving achievement of prevalence of Family Planning participation. However, contraceptive use prevalence in Indonesia within the last decade (2002-2012) did not significantly increase, although many FP IEC activities had been performed. This study aimed to determine socioeconomic demographic factors related to FP IEC, any IEC elements related to contraceptive use and IEC elements affecting on contraceptive use. Analysis used Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey 2012 as data source with analysis unit namely married women aged 15-49 years. Samples were 33,465 married women. Analysis used odds ratio (OR) between women receiving FP IEC toward women not getting access to FP IEC related to contraceptive use. This study found that FP IEC, both media and officers were important factors in contraceptive use. IEC through television and poster/flyer had a significant relation with contraceptive use (OR 1.6 and 1.3). Medical officers, FP officers and informal figures in community played an important role in FP information and contraceptive use (OR 2.2; 1.4; and 1.2). In line with results, visits of FP officers and medical officers informing contraception to clients at healthcare facilities significantly affected on contraceptive use (OR 1.5 and 2.6).AbstrakKomunikasi Informasi dan Edukasi (KIE) berperan penting dalam meningkatkan pencapaian prevalensi kesertaan Keluarga Berencana (KB). Namun, prevalensi KB di Indonesia selama satu dekade terakhir (2002-2012) tidak meningkat secara signifikan, walaupun pelbagai kegiatan KIE KB telah dilaksanakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor sosio ekonomi demografi yang berkaitan dengan KIE KB, pelbagai unsur KIE yang berkaitan dengan pemakaian KB, dan unsur KIE yang berpengaruh terhadap pemakaian KB. Analisis menggunakan sumber data Survei Demografi dan Kesehatan Indonesia 2012 dengan unit analisis perempuan berstatus kawin usia 15-49 tahun. Jumlah sampel yang dianalisis 33.465 perempuan berstatus kawin. Analisis menggunakan odds ratio atau rasio kecenderungan antara perempuan yang memperoleh KIE KB terhadap perempuan tidak mendapatkan akses KIE KB dalam hubungannya dengan pemakaian KB. Temuan bahwa pemberian KIE KB, baik media maupun petugas, merupakan faktor penting dalam pemakaian KB. KIE melalui televisi dan poster/pamflet memiliki hubungan bermakna dengan pemakaian KB (OR 1,6 dan 1,3). Petugas medis, petugas KB dan tokoh informal di masyarakat berperan penting dalam penyampaian informasi KB dan pemakaian KB (OR 2,2; 1,4; dan 1,2). Sejalan dengan hasil tersebut, kunjungan petugas KB dan petugas kesehatan menjelaskan KB kepada klien di fasilitas kesehatan berpengaruh secara bermakna ke pemakaian KB (OR 1,5 dan 2,6).
Analysis of Risk Factors Related to Coronary Heart Disease among Women Aged Older than 45 Years Old
Authors: Masriadi Masriadi , Idrus Hasta Handayani , Arman Arman
Published: December 2016

Cardiovascular disease causes 8.6 million deaths of women every year, which is the major cause of death by one-third of all deaths of women in the world. Half of all deaths of women older than 50 years old is caused by cardiovascular and stroke diseases. This study aimed to analyze risk factors related to coronary heart disease among women aged older than 45 years at Dody Sarjoto Makassar Air Force Hospital 2016. The total of sample was 76 consisting of 64 cases of coronary heart disease and 12 non-coronary heart disease. Determination of sample used purposive sampling. Primary data were obtained through interview to respondents using questionnaire and direct interview. Data were analyzed by using contingency correlation coefficient (Exp (B)) test to identify significant relation between dependent and independent variables. Results found were hypertension (Exp (B) = 0.309), obesity (Exp (B) = 0.140), diabetes mellitus (Exp (B) = 0.164) and dyslipidemia (Exp (B) = 0.185), as proven having relation with coronary heart disease among women aged older than 45 years, and the factor which had the most significant relation was dyslipidemia.AbstrakPenyakit kardiovaskuler menyebabkan 8.6 juta kematian pada perempuan setiap tahun, yang merupakan penyebab kematian terbanyak, yaitu sepertiga dari seluruh kematian perempuan di seluruh dunia. Setengah dari seluruh kematian perempuan berusia di atas 50 tahun disebabkan oleh penyakit jantung dan stroke. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor yang berhubungan dengan penyakit jantung koroner pada perempuan usia > 45 tahun di Rumah Sakit TNI AU Dody Sarjoto Makassar. Besar sampel sebanyak 76 sampel yang terdiri dari 64 kasus penyakit jantung koroner dan 12 kasus non penyakit jantung koroner. Penentuan sampel menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Data primer diperoleh melalui wawancara terhadap responden dengan menggunakan kuesioner dan wawancara langsung. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji koefisien korelasi kontingensi (Exp (B)) terhadap variabel independen dan dependen. Adapun hasil yang ditemukan adalah obesitas (Exp (B) = 0.140), diabetes mellitus (Exp (B) = 0.164), dan dislipidemia (Exp (B) = 0.185) terbukti memiliki hubungan dengan kejadian penyakit jantung koroner pada perempuan usia > 45 tahun dan faktor yang memiliki hubungan paling besar adalah dislipidemia.
Gas, Grass or Ass, No One Rides for Free: The Mohawk Mayor
Authors: Casson Rebecca
Published: December 2016

In November 2013 Darryn Lyons, a former celebrity photographer well-known for his colourful antics, was directly elected as mayor of Geelong, the second largest city in the State of Victoria, Australia.  Also known as “Mr Paparazzi” and “The Mohawk Mayor”, Lyons’s leadership lasted just 30 months before the Victorian State Government sacked him and dissolved the entire Geelong Council, revealing a pre-existing culture of bullying that appeared to be compounded by Lyons’s celebrity persona.  How did Lyons’s persona affect Geelong’s newly established procedures for a directly elected mayor?  Drawing on one particularly controversial incident, and using data collected from Lyons’s autobiography, together with media articles, official documents and social media, this article discusses how - as a celebrity politician - Lyons appeared to be unable to effectively separate his celebrity persona from his public persona.  This seemed to drown out Geelong’s important issues, and undermined the legitimacy of local government.  The current literature on directly elected mayors does not include consideration of how electing a celebrity as mayor complicates the problems of legitimacy in local government, and there is a paucity of literature on directly elected celebrity mayors in Australia.  An emerging literature on directly elected mayors primarily addresses problems with legitimacy in contemporary politics, while the literature on celebrity politics changing legitimacy has been well established.  Using the Lyons case, this article examines both literatures and contributes to the national and international debate on directly elected celebrity mayors.
From Rock Star to Political Star – Curious Case of Paweł Kukiz Persona Power
Authors: Olczyk Tomasz , Wasilewski Jacek
Published: December 2016

The 2015 presidential election was a turning point in a history of celebritisation of politics in Poland. Rock vocalist Paweł Kukiz unexpectedly finished third with 20% of votes, the highest result of any celebrity–candidate in presidential elections. He achieved that, campaigning mostly on Facebook, without any significant power base and financial support. Kukiz set up his own political organisation, which gained a 9% backing in the parliamentary elections. He achieved that with no political platform, no media backing, and no party structure. We argue that his persona was a crucial asset in his political success. We will show how Kukiz created, managed and performed his persona, how he used it to mobilise three million voters and then to create and brand his “Kukiz’15 Movement.” Finally, we analyse limits, traps and contradictions of persona power. Analysed material includes Paweł Kukiz’s and his opponents’ Facebook posts, televised political advertisements, performances in celebrity TV shows and debates.
Trump and the Resurgence of American Noir
Authors: Rademacher Virginia Newhall
Published: December 2016

This essay examines the political persona of Donald Trump as mediated by the imagery of hardboiled detective fiction and film noir. By evoking and distorting noir’s challenge to the status quo, its suspicion of systems of power and questioning of dominant norms, Trump has fashioned his political persona in ways that deliberately revise the popular conception of the hardboiled hero as brash-talking rebel at the margins of a corrupt system. Reading Trump’s persona through the mediating function of noir exposes how Trump’s rhetoric plays on, and benefits from, a theme of citizen estrangement while simultaneously reinforcing political expediency and self-interested power. Moreover, it is not only Trump who uses noir imagery provocatively to shape his political image. The media have also participated in crafting images of Trump as either entertaining disruptor or more darkly destabilising. As responses to crises of capitalism, corruption, and social fracture, noir narratives provide critical ways of investigating periods of disequilibrium and their resurfacing in the present. Analysing the production, expression, and reception of Trump’s political persona through the historical and discursive structures of noir underscores the salience of the study of persona to reveal underlying fissures in current American politics and society.
Political Persona 2016 - An Introduction
Authors: Marshall P. David , Henderson Neil
Published: December 2016

It seems politics invades everything. We can rarely think of any activity, any building, any human-to-human interaction and not see some political dimension infiltrating and shaping it. And this very interpretation, in its language of invasion and infiltration, implies that politics’ ubiquity is not necessarily a wanted accomplice in our human world. Nonetheless, its presence is expected, its strategic intentions acknowledged and negotiated.
What is interesting is that persona—at least as it has been explored and defined in Persona Studies so far—always has a political dimension. It has been identified as a strategic identity, a form of negotiation of the individual in their foray into a collective world of the social (Marshall and Barbour). Persona is a fabricated reconstruction of the individual that is used to play a role that both helps the individual navigate their presence and interactions with others and helps the collective to position the role of the individual in the social. Persona is imbued with politics at its core.
In this issue of Persona Studies, we explore political persona, a characterisation roiled in redundancy if our definitions above are adopted. The essays gathered in this collection debate these definitional affinities, and augment and nuance many other dimensions that help delineate what constitutes political persona. In this introductory essay, we will use the collected work on political persona that is developed in this issue to better define political persona. But before we evaluate and identify the intersections of our contributors’ work, we want to begin our exploration with what makes political persona constitutively different today than in the past. Can we identify through some of the most prominent political personas—Donald Trump, Hillary Clinton, and Bernie Sanders in the United States’ 2016 Presidential campaign, for example—and through a study of a major political event—Brexit in 2016 in the U.K.—whether something has shifted and changed in these cultures?
O padrão entoacional das sentenças interrogativas do português brasileiro em fala manipulada
Authors: Carbonari Rosignoli Carolina , Romani Fernandes-Svartman Flaviane
Published: December 2016

O presente artigo pretende investigar padrões entoacionais em enunciados interrogativos globais do dialeto paulista do português brasileiro, de modo a observar diferenças e semelhanças prosódicas que definam os diferentes tipos frásicos de enunciados interrogativos globais. Este trabalho é fundamentado pela teoria da Fonologia Entoacional (PIERREHUMBERT, 1980; PIERREHUMBERT; BECKMAN, 1988; LADD, 1996, 2008; JUN, 2005), segundo a qual, levando-se em conta um conjunto de características suprassegmentais das sentenças, é possível interpretar significados pragmáticos de uma maneira linguisticamente organizada. A partir de um corpus inédito e em acréscimo às pesquisas de Frota et al. (2015) e Moraes (2008), os resultados da presente pesquisa revelam que variações dos contornos nuclear e total são distintivas na configuração prosódica de cada tipo frásico.
Expediente
Authors: Editorial Comissão
Published: December 2016

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Nominata de pareceristas
Authors: Editorial Comissão
Published: December 2016

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A expressão da pluracionalidade em libras
Authors: Sanchez-Mendes Luciana , Xavier André Nogueira
Published: December 2016

Este artigo descreve o comportamento semântico da duplicação de mão em verbos tipicamente produzidos com uma mão na Língua Brasileira de Sinais (libras). Defendemos que a duplicação de mãos nesses sinais expressa pluracionalidade e argumentamos que um traço que determina a leitura dos verbos pluracionalizados na libras é a direcionalidade.
Análise morfológica dos crioulos do Golfo da Guiné e do kabuverdianu
Authors: Freitas Shirley , Bandeira Manuele
Published: December 2016

Neste artigo, investigaremos os processos morfológicos de itens lexicais nas línguas crioulas de base portuguesa do Golfo da Guiné e no kabuverdianu. Segundo McWhorter (1998), as línguas crioulas são mais simples do que as línguas não crioulas. De forma análoga, Thomason (2001) apresenta a hipótese da transparência semântica, segundo a qual nos casos em que a morfologia aparece em pidgins e crioulos (algo que não é comum), ela tende a ser regular, transparente, sem as irregularidades comumente encontradas em línguas não crioulas. A despeito desses estudos e de outros que descrevem os mecanismos gramaticais dos crioulos como “simples” e “sem complexidades”, apresentaremos dados que comprovam o uso variado de recursos morfológicos autóctones das línguas estudadas para a criação de novos itens lexicais.
Delimitação das expressões adjetivais
Authors: Carneiro Amanda Santos , Araújo Vale Oto
Published: December 2016

Este artigo apresenta um estudo das expressões cristalizadas adjetivais do português do Brasil, mais especificamente com o objetivo de discutir a questão da delimitação. Expressões adjetivais são aquelas cujo significado global não pode ser calculado a partir da soma das partes que a compõem e que, tomadas como uma unidade, exercem na oração a função de adjetivo. Para a coleta e análise das expressões, usou-se a perspectiva teórico-metodológica do Léxico-Gramática associada à linguística de corpus.
Sentidos e Sociedade: uma análise enunciativa em torno da designação “PLC 122/2006”
Authors: Massmann Débora Raquel Hettwer
Published: December 2016

Inserido na perspectiva da Semântica Histórica da Enunciação (GUIMARÃES, 2002), este trabalho reflete sobre o(s) modo(s) como o Projeto de Lei da Câmara Nº 122 de 2006, o PLC 122/2006, tem sido designado e (re)significado entre a cidadania e a resistência. Como objeto de estudo, selecionou-se um conjunto de textos que se posicionam a favor ou contra a aprovação do PLC 122. Neste processo de produção de sentidos, procedimentos enunciativos distintos vão reescrevendo e (re)significando o que já foi dito sobre o referido projeto de lei. Através da análise, observou-se como, a cada acontecimento de linguagem, as designações, a partir de seu funcionamento político e histórico, assumem novos sentidos. A análise apontou também para os movimentos da significação que conduzem a outros gestos e lugares de interpretação, conduzem a sentidos diferentes, atravessados por memórias de ontem e de hoje.
O objeto pronominal acusativo de 3ª pessoa nas variedades de espanhol de Madri e Montevidéu comparado ao português brasileiro
Authors: Martins Simões Adriana
Published: December 2016

O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar parte dos resultados de nossa pesquisa a respeito da realização do objeto pronominal acusativo de 3ª pessoa nas variedades de espanhol de Madri e Montevidéu comparada ao português brasileiro. Considerando-se os estudos sobre o espanhol (CAMPOS, 1986; FERNÁNDEZ SORIANO, 1999; GROPPI, 1997), partimos da hipótese de que nas variedades de espanhol investigadas o objeto nulo se restringiria a antecedentes [-determinados; -específicos]. Entretanto, as tendências encontradas revelaram a possibilidade de ocorrência dessa categoria vazia em outros contextos, evidenciando semelhanças e diferenças com o português do Brasil.
Construções concessivas e concessivo-condicionais com ainda que
Authors: Fontes Michel Gustavo
Published: December 2016

Este artigo, tomando, como objeto de estudo, a forma ainda que, objetiva verificar a natureza das relações instauradas por ainda que na articulação de orações e lançar algumas ideias a respeito de seu estatuto gramatical. Como resultado, observa-se que a forma ainda que é polifuncional (KORTMANN, 1997), podendo instaurar relações concessivo-condicionais e concessivas (KÖNIG, 1985a; 1985b; 1986), o que evidencia seu alto grau de gramaticalidade.
Aspectos culturais revelados pela análise léxico-semântica da unidade lexical pantaneiro
Authors: Alencar Beatriz Aparecida
Published: December 2016

Este trabalho realiza um estudo léxico-semântico sobre a unidade léxica pantaneiro que nomina o homem típico do oeste de Mato Grosso do Sul e Mato Grosso, com o objetivo de examinar a relação entre léxico e ambiente, bem como apontar aspectos culturais revelados pela análise léxico-semântica do item lexical pantaneiro destacando sua relevância regional. A análise pautou-se em dados fornecidos pelo verbete pantaneiro de dicionários da língua portuguesa produzidos nos séculos XVIII, XIX, XX e XXI; de obras lexicográficas de cunho regional e da Tese de Doutorado A linguagem do homem pantaneiro (NOGUEIRA, 1989). O estudo demonstrou a relação léxico-ambiente, apontando aspectos culturais revelados pela análise do item lexical pantaneiro, cujas acepções revelam o vínculo entre o homem e a localidade, com as relações de trabalho e com o sentimento de pertença à região do Pantanal.
A modalidade deôntica na construção completiva impessoal com matriz ser + preciso: uma análise cognitivo-funcional
Authors: Alves Wiedemer Dayane
Published: December 2016

A partir dos pressupostos do Funcionalismo norte-americano e da Linguística Cognitiva, apresentamos os resultados da análise da construção completiva impessoal composta por matriz com verbo ser + preciso, e os diferentes graus da modalidade deôntica (obrigação externa, obrigação interna e necessidade). Para compor os corpora de análise, utilizamos dados extraídos dos jornais Folha de São Paulo e O Globo. Quanto aos resultados, observamos que há predominância da posição da oração matriz à esquerda, marcando a atitude do falante. Vimos que há maior uso da obrigação externa, seguida da necessidade e, por fim, um menor uso da obrigação interna. Quanto aos tipos de verbo da oração completiva, na obrigação externa há um maior uso de verbos dinâmicos; na obrigação interna prevalece o uso de verbos cognitivos ou epistêmicos; e, na necessidade, há ocorrências de verbos tanto dinâmicos quanto cognitivos.
Condições de violação de transparência
Authors: Gomes Camacho Roberto
Published: December 2016

A noção de transparência diz respeito à relação consistentemente biunívoca entre forma e significado, situação extrema que, na realidade, não se aplica integralmente às línguas do mundo. Um arcabouço teórico adequado para avaliar as condições de violação de transparência é o da Gramática Discursivo-Funcional por ser organizada em níveis e camadas, cada qual com suas próprias unidades. O objetivo deste trabalho é examinar as estratégias de relativização disponíveis no português para discutir se as condições de violação de transparência se aplicam às interfaces entre os níveis pragmático e semântico, por um lado, e entre esses dois níveis e os dois níveis formais, o morfossintático e o fonológico, por outro.
Apresentação
Authors: Módolo Marcelo
Published: December 2016

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Uma Língua Inglesa para chamar de minha: equivocações sobre o bom falante de inglês
Authors: Esteves de Camargo Helena Regina
Published: December 2016

O objetivo deste artigo é problematizar a tradição de ensino e aprendizado de inglês que observa qualquer desvio dos padrões do “falante nativo” como sinais de deficiência. Para tanto, proponho uma revisão teórica sobre a relação entre língua e cultura e sobre práticas discursivas de falantes bilíngues. Após analisar excertos extraídos de observações de aulas de inglês para adolescentes brasileiros em aulas particulares e em uma escola bilíngue, concluo que há duas representações equivocadas acerca do processo de ensino e aprendizado de inglês: (i) misturar as línguas é sinal de incompetência e (ii) marcas locais de uso do inglês sinalizam falhas no processo de ensino e aprendizado da língua.
As palavra na ponta-da-língua e o funcionamento integrado das funções psicológicas superiores
Authors: Oliveira Marcus Vinicius Borges
Published: December 2016

Conhecido na literatura da área como “tip-of-the-tongue”, esse fenômeno refere-se ao momento em que o sujeito procura uma palavra, acompanhado da sensação de que essa já vai surgir ou de que já lhe escapou. Por meio de uma perspectiva histórico-cultural, influenciada por autores como Luria, Vygotsky, dentre outros, refletimos sobre as palavras na ponta-da-língua como um acontecimento que depende do funcionamento integrado das diversas funções psicológicas superiores, discutindo brevemente o papel da percepção e da atenção nesse processo, dando ênfase maior na relação entre a linguagem e a memória. A partir da análise qualitativa de dados provenientes de situações em que as palavras ficaram na ponta-da-língua, daremos visibilidade a essa dificuldade tanto na normalidade quanto nas afasias.
Paisagem linguística como instrumento de políticas linguísticas em uma colônia de imigração suábia/alemã
Authors: Dalla Vecchia Adriana
Published: December 2016

Este trabalho objetiva demonstrar a paisagem linguística de uma colônia de imigração suábia/alemã do interior do Paraná, a fim de compreender a forma como as línguas presentes no local são disponibilizadas e representadas em espaços públicos da colônia. Além disso, entendendo a paisagem linguística como instrumento de política linguística, discutimos como esse instrumento atua sobre a construção da identidade étnica e linguística do grupo. Trata-se, portanto, de uma pesquisa qualitativa, de cunho etnográfico aos moldes da proposta de Blommaert (2010). O material coletado é analisado a partir da ótica teórico-metodológica proveniente do campo das Paisagens Linguísticas (BLOMMAERT, 2006, 2012, 2013; SHOHAMY, 2012), e de estudos sobre contextos plurilíngues (MAHER, 1996, 2010, 2013; ASSIS-PETERSON, 2008).
Contribuições da análise microgenética às pesquisas em neurolinguística
Authors: Cazarotti Pacheco Mirian
Published: December 2016

Este artigo visa analisar as contribuições do paradigma Microgenético para as teorias que fundamentam as pesquisas no campo da Neurolinguística de orientação enunciativo-discursiva. A forma de construção de dados nessas pesquisas focaliza a atenção a detalhes, o recorte de episódios interativos, um exame orientado para o funcionamento dos discursos e resulta num relato minucioso dos acontecimentos. A microgênese é proposta com vista aos demais domínios genéticos que focalizam o funcionamento linguístico-cognitivo dos sujeitos em todas as dimensões. A Análise Microgenética possibilitou demonstrar, neste estudo, que, a partir de dados singulares de sujeitos afásicos, podemos inferir sobre o funcionamento da linguagem e sua relação com a memória.
Constituição de identidades étnico-linguísticas e práticas de letramentos em comunidades bilíngues/multilíngues de descendentes de poloneses no Paraná
Authors: Ryba Bernardete
Published: December 2016

A pesquisa, apresentada neste artigo (e que se encontra em fase inicial), possui como objetivo abordar a constituição étnico-linguística e as práticas de letramentos em comunidades bilíngues/multilíngues de descendentes de poloneses situadas no Estado do Paraná, mais especificamente nos municípios de São Mateus do Sul e Cruz Machado. Como “pano de fundo”, apresentamos a fundação das primeiras escolas polonesas no Brasil – Paraná, por entender que o espaço escolar é um dos principais instrumentos para se atingir o propósito do conhecimento da cultura e do uso da língua e, portanto, fundamental para os imigrantes, principalmente para os mais jovens, que aportam outros países. Nesse enfoque, a escola propicia transitar em sociedades onde há identidades culturais múltiplas.
Língua e cultura no curso de graduação em Letras: uma reflexão sobre as concepções de alunos, Projeto Político Pedagógico e programas de ensino
Authors: Salomao Ana Cristina Biondo
Published: December 2016

Este artigo apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa qualitativa e quantitativa que visou investigar as concepções de cultura de alunos de graduação em Letras-inglês de uma universidade pública do interior do estado de São Paulo, relacionando-as às concepções de cultura presentes no Projeto Político Pedagógico e nos programas de ensino de língua inglesa do referido curso. Os resultados mostram a necessidade de se problematizar o foco em identidades nacionais por meio de conceitos-chave, como competência intercultural, competência simbólica, essencialismo cultural e alteridade, entre outros, na base de conhecimentos do curso de graduação em Letras. Desse modo, o curso poderá mais bem atender às demandas criadas para a educação de línguas na contemporaneidade, com a expansão da mobilidade e comunicação atuais como transformadoras da realidade local.
A negligência e a preguiça dos naturais no governo do Morgado de Mateus – aspectos discursivos e ideológicos veiculados em um ofício ascendente
Authors: Munhoz Renata Ferreira
Published: December 2016

Este artigo analisa o discurso formulado pelo Morgado de Mateus, governador e capitão-general da capitania de São Paulo, sobre os modos de vida e costumes dos habitantes de sua área de governo. Tal discurso, contido em um ofício enviado a seus superiores em Portugal, contém marcas de cunho avaliativo, a partir das quais se vislumbram aspectos semânticos que revelam padrões ideológicos e intersubjetivos próprios do período setecentista. Com base no tratamento filológico de edição textual, realiza-se a análise discursiva a partir do viés teórico e metodológico da Teoria da Avaliatividade formulada por Martin e White (2005). Revela-se, desse modo, a esfera semântica de um texto administrativo aparentemente protocolar, mas que retrata de forma bastante expressiva a negligência e a preguiça dos habitantes da capitania de São Paulo.
Concepções de tradução e o papel do tradutor em blogs e redes sociais
Authors: Lima Erica L A
Published: December 2016

Este trabalho tem por objetivo analisar algumas implicações trazidas pelo crescente uso das comunicações mediadas por computador para o tradutor em formação e o tradutor iniciante. Para tanto, recorreu-se a manifestações no espaço social cibernético, considerando o “acolhimento da alteridade”, a interconexão, a construção de “identidades” de cada comunidade virtual, com suas regras, recursos e trocas de informações. Os posts foram analisados, de um lado, como explicitação das concepções de tradução e, de outro, como instrumentos de “marketing pessoal”. O artigo está fundamentado em Aubert (2003), Darin (2013), Gonçalves e Machado (2006), Martins (2006), Pym (2009), Rodrigues (2012), principalmente na discussão sobre a formação do tradutor, e em Arrojo (1993), Derrida (1997, 1998, 2000) e Siscar (2013), especialmente em relação às concepções de tradução defendidas.
Outcome of Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Acute Myeloid Leukemias with Hyperdiploid Karyotype
Authors: Gindina Tat'yana Leonidovna , Mamaev N.N. , Nikolaeva E.S. , Bondarenko S.N. , Slesarchuk O.A. , Borovkova A.S. , Razumova S.V. , Pirogova O.V. , Alyanskii A.L. , Zubarovskaya L.S. , Afanas'ev B.V.
Published: December 2016

Aim. To evaluate the prognostic impact of the different cytogenetic characteristics, including the modal number, the number of chromosomal aberrations in a complex karyotype, and adverse chromosomal abnormalities (ACA) (-7/7q-, -5/5q-, -17/17p-, t(6; 9)(p22; q34)) on the results of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) in patients with hyperdiploid acute myeloid leukemia (H-AML). Methods. Forty seven H-AML patients (21 women and 26 men, aged from 1 to 58 years, median - 23.9 years) were examined. The analysis of overall (OS) and event-free survival (EFS) predictors after allo-HSCT in patients with different clinical, transplant and cytogenetic characteristics was performed. Results. The modal number of chromosomes (MN) of 4748 was the most common one in the karyotype which was observed in 31 (66 %) patients. High hyperdiploidy with the modal number of 49-65 was identified in 13 (28 %) patients, near-triploid and near-tetraploid karyotypes were found in 3 (6 %) patients. Quantitative chromosomal abnormalities were nonrandom. Chromosome 8 (50 %), 21 (32 %), 13 (16 %) and 22 (16 %) trisomy was the most common one. Structural chromosomal abnormalities were detected in 22 (47 %) patients, at that, ACA were found in 7 (19 %) patients. In univariate analysis, the OS and EFS after allo-HSCT differed in patients with different clinical status (remission vs. active disease; p = 0.003 and p = 0.002, respectively), different chromosomal abnormalities in hyperdiploid karyotype (ACA- vs. ACA+; p = 0.001 and p = 0.03, respectively). An additional analysis of selected patients group with a structurally complex karyotype (n = 19) showed, that patients without ACA had a higher OS than patients with ACA (p = 0.03). In multivariate analysis, the disease status (relapse) at allo-HSCT was an independent predictor of decreased OS and EFS (p = 0.004 и p = 0.006, respectively), as well as the presence of the ACA (p = 0.002 only for OS). Conclusion. ACA were high-risk factors in H-AML patients received allo-HSCT. Therefore, the patients with formal criteria of a complex karyotype should not be automatically included in the cytogenetic unfavorable risk group.
Brentuximab Vedotin: New Possibilities for Treatment of Relapses and Refractory Hodgkin’s Lymphomas
Authors: Demina Elena Andreevna
Published: December 2016

The concept of total curability of Hodgkin’s lymphoma was introduced as early as in 1970s. However, 10-30 % of patients develop relapses; in addition, resistant tumors cannot be excluded. A high-dose chemotherapy with autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is a modern treatment standard for relapses and refractory Hodgkin’s lymphomas. However, long-term remissions are achieved only in a half of these patients. The toxicity of effective first-line treatment regimens and insufficient effectiveness of regimens prescribed for relapses and refractory disease are the reason for further search of new therapeutic options for this malignant tumor. Invention of an immunoconjugate, brentuximab vedotin, became one of the new steps in the treatment of Hodgkin’s lymphomas. This review presents data on the pharmacological properties of the drug, the mechanism of the anti-tumor effect, as well as results of large international, randomized clinical trials.
Перестройки хромосомного района 11q23 при острых миелоидных лейкозах у детей
Authors: Fleishman Elena Vol'fovna , Sokova O.I. , Popa A.V. , Tsaur G.A. , Konstantinova L.N. , Plekhanova O.M. , Strigaleva M.V. , Nokhrina E.S. , Nemirovchenko V.S. , Arakaev O.R.
Published: December 2016

Aim. To study characteristics of 11q23 involvement, agespecific differences in the incidence of these chromosomal markers in acute myeloid leukemias (AML) in children, and to determine their prognostic significance in patients treated according to the protocols applied in leading Russian pediatric hematological clinics. Methods. The chromosomal analysis of bone marrow and peripheral blood cells has been performed prior to initiation of treatment in 395 children with primary AML aged from 0 to 16 years. The patients were treated in pediatric hematological clinics of Moscow and Moscow Region and in Yekaterinburg District Children's Hospital No. 1. Clinical outcomes of 300 followed-up pediatric patients treated with similar modern therapy protocols were analyzed to evaluate the prognostic impact of 11q23/MLL abnormalities. To determine the incidence of 11q23/MLL rearrangements in AML of different age groups, we examined not only children, but also adult patients (n = 212). Results. In AML, the frequency of changes in the 11q23 region exceeded 40 % in children aged from 0 to 2 years. The frequency decrease with age and in patients over 40 years it was only 2 %. Significant heterogeneity of changes in karyotypes with 11q23/MLL rearrangements was observed: both various translocations with different regions of other chromosomes, and 11q23 deletions were detected. In addition, a great variability of numerical and structural additional chromosomal abnormalities was observed. The 10-year relapse-free survival rates (30.4 ± 6.7 %) and overall survival rates (35.1 ± 7.0 %) in AML with changes in the 11q23 region (n = 61) were significantly lower than those in patients from the intermediate risk group (n = 103): 48.9 ± 5.8 % and 43.8 ± 7.5 %, respectively (p = 0.035). The data are close to those in the high-risk group (n = 44): 35.9 ± 8.1 % and 38.3 ± 7.6 %, respectively. The study failed to confirm the published data that t(9; 11) is a more favorable prognostic factor, and that t(6; 11) and t(10; 11) are less favorable ones than all other 11q23 translocations. Our results did not confirm a negative prognostic effect of additional chromosome abnormalities associated with 11q23 rearrangements. Conclusion. Pediatric AML patients with 11q23 abnormalities should be included in a high-risk group if therapy is performed according protocols applied in leading hematological centers of Russia.
Finite-size corrections for universal boundary entropy in bond percolation
Authors: de Gier Jan , Jacobsen Jesper , Ponsaing Anita
Published: December 2016

We compute the boundary entropy for bond percolation on the square
lattice in the presence of a boundary loop weight, and prove explicit
and exact expressions on a strip and on a cylinder of size
LL.
For the cylinder we provide a rigorous asymptotic analysis which allows
for the computation of finite-size corrections to arbitrary order. For
the strip we provide exact expressions that have been verified using
high-precision numerical analysis. Our rigorous and exact results
corroborate an argument based on conformal field theory, in particular
concerning universal logarithmic corrections for the case of the strip
due to the presence of corners in the geometry. We furthermore observe a
crossover at a special value of the boundary loop weight.
Pendidikan Psikologi Anak ”Anti Bullying” pada Guru-Guru PAUD
Authors: Rejeki Sri
Published: December 2016

The case of bullying often affects children, both at home and at school. Even in school kindergarten (TK) or at Early Childhood Education (ECD) also cases of bullying. Children's early childhood was the golden age in which cognition, emotion and physically is undergoing rapid development. It takes skill of teachers to recognize, identify and overcome. Teachers as a companion of children in school need training in child psychology, especially in dealing with cases of bullying in order to give a proper stimulant in shaping the personality of the child character. The success handler bullying include many factors that surround, the readiness of educators, environmental conditions protégé, to the learning environment that is used in educating.
Metode Learning by Playing pada Aplikasi Perangkat Lunak Bahasa Inggris Dasar Usia Taman Kanak-Kanak
Authors: Handayani Maya Rini
Published: December 2016

Starting in 2016, It is compulsory for every child in Indonesia to learn in kindergarten school  for 1 year according to the rules of UNESCO. This rule makes a lot of kindergartens providing alternative extra curricular such as Basic English extracurricular to attract parents to educate their children at the school. But unfortunately sometimes the school neglect the quality of school teachers who will teach the English extracurricular. It is make the writer provides an alternative solution for the kindergarten school to make an Basic English application. The created applications is the application of a basic level of English language by using the learning by playing method as an alternative learning. Method of learning by playing is a method of studying subjects for kindergarten children using the game. Therefore, application of Basic English is made using such methods. The benefits of the basic English application using the method of learning by playing are 1) to help teachers who teach basic English to minimize the errors in teaching, 2) to alleviate expenses to recruit new English teachers, and 3) to save the youth Muslim generation’sintelligence from an early age.
Monitoring of a pilot GFO filter for removal of low-concentration arsenic in water
Authors: Maria Cristina Collivignarelli , Matteo Canato , Sabrina Sorlini , Barbara Marianna Crotti
Published: December 2016

Many water treatment plants (WTPs) were designed to remove ammonia, iron, and manganese simultaneously using biofilters. In some cases (especially in the Pianura Padana area, in Italy) such plants were designed without a specific treatment stage for arsenic removal because its concentration in the groundwater (i.e. 10 to 20 μg/L) was lower than the previous maximum contaminant level (MCL) of 50 μg-As/L; therefore, specific treatments for arsenic removal must be introduced or upgraded in WTPs. In this work, the results of a 19-month monitoring campaign are reported for a pilot granular ferric oxide (GFO) filter installed in an Italian WTP as a polishing stage. The aim was to investigate the performance of GFO with low arsenic concentrations. The results show that, if the groundwater arsenic concentration is close to the MCL, GFO treatment can be cost effective (approximately 80,000 bed volumes have been treated). It was confirmed that GFO can be effective for the removal of both As(III) and As(V) species.
Development of a support tool for sewerage asset management
Authors: Sugimoto Yasuaki , Ookubo Tomoyoshi , Genda Yoshinori , Iwai Minoru
Published: December 2016

This paper describes the principal issues for small local governments with limited resources available for introducing sewerage asset management systems and provides some solutions. A ledger management system, as well as support tools for long-life measures and disaster prevention support, and a financial support tool have been developed.
Leakage and failures of water distribution mains in the city of Al Ain, UAE
Authors: Chowdhury R. K. , Rajput M. A.
Published: December 2016

A large amount of water is lost from the Al Ain water distribution system due to pipeline breakages that may have links to socio-economic and environmental impacts. The numbers of line failures in the region are too high. This study is an overview of the types and failure factors affecting water lines. Methods of repair and rehabilitation are described. Three case study locations were investigated. The incidence of water line breakages is relatively higher in the summer. Pipelines in the study region are comparatively new. The pipeline failures identified could be reduced by adopting modern detection techniques. Water line breakage control could improve water quality, reduce the maintenance budget and help the environment.