bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Science Process Skills: Basis for The Development of Laboratory Manual in Physics
Authors: Belvis Gilbert C.
Published: September 2022

This study was conducted to assess the level of science process skills and will be the basis for the development of Laboratory Manual in Physics for Grade 9 students of Anilao National High School, Anilao, Iloilo for the school year 2016 – 2017. A total of 48 grade 9 – 1 students was utilized as respondents. Developmental research design was employed conducted during the fourth grading period of SY 2016 – 2017. Data were gathered using pretest and posttest. The data were analyzed using the mean, Standard deviation and t-test. Pretest result showed that the level of Basic Science Process Skills of 48 grade 9 – 1 students were categorized as poor. Laboratory Manual in Physics was developed and implemented. After the implementation, post test was administered. Post test result showed that the level of SPS of 48 grade 9-1 students were categorized as Very Good. It further revealed that there is a significant difference on the level of SPS of 48 Grade 9-1 students before and after the implementation, as also reflected during the interview and focus group discussion when respondents were asked and agreed about the implementation. The 0.05 % alpha level was used as criterion for acceptance or rejection of the alternative hypothesis. SPSS was used for statistical computations.
El Gran Lente. Estudio foto-cinematográfico de Ignacio Medrano Chávez
Authors: Meléndez Fernández Jorge
Published: September 2022

Un acercamiento al cinematografista Ignacio Medrano Chávez, desde el estudio fotográfico El Gran Lente, a través de tres momentos en su carrera ci-nematográfica: sus inicios en el contexto de la Revolución mexicana, su desarrollo durante el establecimiento de los primeros gobiernos emanados del movimiento social y la gira norteamericana que realiza con una compilación histórica en la transición de la industria hacia el cine sonoro. Se analiza el contexto socio-histórico y la cultura visual que influenció la creación fílmica de Medrano Chávez, así como la circulación que tuvieron sus exhibiciones; se recupera su labor para valorar la trascendencia cinematográfica de su obra durante la primera mitad del siglo XX en Chihuahua, México.
Waltheria marielleae (Byttnerioideae, Malvaceae), a new species from north-eastern Brazil supported by morphological and phylogenetic evidence
Authors: Silva Coutinho Thales , Analía Sader Mariela , Pedrosa-Harand Andrea , Alves Marccus
Published: September 2022

Background – Waltheria marielleae is a new species of Malvaceae endemic to north-eastern Brazil that occurs only in the states of Pernambuco and Alagoas, in areas of Atlantic Forest and Caatinga. It is characterized by cinereous leaves, axillary and sessile to subsessile inflorescences, pallid yellow corollas with apically eciliate petals and fan-plumose stigmas.

Material and methods – DNA was extracted from leaf tissue and the markers matK, ndhF, and ITS were amplified using universal primers, with PCR products purified and sequenced. Phylogenetic analysis was performed, including DNA sequences obtained from GenBank. Morphological studies were based on the analysis of specimens deposited in seven herbaria and specimens collected in Pernambuco state, Brazil.

Results – Waltheria marielleae is morphologically and phylogenetically related to pantropical W. indica and W. ackermanniana, with these three species forming a well-supported clade. Overall, phylogenetic molecular analysis suggests the monophyly of Waltheria, with the two currently proposed sections also being monophyletic, and Melochia as its sister group. The new species is assessed here as Endangered, according to IUCN criteria. In addition, we formally present new occurrences of W. ackermanniana and W. rotundifolia.

Conclusion – In this study, a complete morphological description, illustration, distribution map, and phylogenetic tree are provided for Waltheria marielleae. This species is compared with morphologically and phylogenetically related species (W. ackermanniana, W. indica, and W. rotundifolia) and an identification key to the species occurring in Alagoas and Pernambuco is provided.
Comparing Spectroscopy Measurements in the Prediction of in Vitro Dissolution Profile using Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: Mrad Mohamed Azouz , Csorba Kristóf , Galata Dorián László , Nagy Zsombor Kristóf , Nagy Brigitta
Published: September 2022

Dissolution testing is part of the target product quality that is essential in approving new products in the pharmaceutical industry. The prediction of the dissolution profile based on spectroscopic data is an alternative to the current destructive and time-consuming method. Raman and near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopies are two fast and complementary methods that provide information on the tablets' physical and chemical properties and can help predict their dissolution profiles. This work aims to compare the information collected by these spectroscopy methods to support the decision of which measurements should be used so that the accuracy requirement of the industry is met. Artificial neural network models were created, in which the spectroscopy data and the measured compression curves were used as an input individually and in different combinations in order to estimate the dissolution profiles. Results showed that using only the NIR transmission method along with the compression force data or the Raman and NIR reflection methods, the dissolution profile was estimated within the acceptance limits of the f2 similarity factor. Adding further spectroscopy measurements increased the prediction accuracy.
An Empirical Study of the Performance of Code Similarity in Automatic Program Repair Tool
Authors: Zheng Xingyu , Huang Zhiqiu , Wang Yongchao , Yu Yaoshen
Published: September 2022

Recently, code similarity has been used in several automated program repair (APR) tools. It suggests that similarity has a great contribution to APR. However, code similarity is not fully utilized in some APR tools. For example, SimFix only uses structure similarity (Deckard) and name (variable and method) similarity to rank candidate code blocks that are used to extract patches and do not use similarity in patch filtering. In this paper, we combine the tool with longest common sequence (LCS) and term frequency-inverse document frequency (TFIDF) to rank candidate code blocks and filter incorrect patches. Then we design and set up a series of experiments based on the approach and collect the rank of the correct patch and time cost for each selected buggy program. In the candidate ranking phase, LCS and TFIDF improve the rank of the block, which contains the correct patch for several bugs. In the patch validation phase, LCS filters out 68% of incorrect patches on average. It shows that code similarity can greatly improve the performance of APR tools.
Review on Deep Learning Techniques for Underwater Object Detection
Authors: Dakhil Radhwan Adnan , Khayeat Ali Retha Hasoon
Published: September 2022

Repair and maintenance of underwater structures as well as marine science rely heavily on the results of underwater object detection, which is a crucial part of the image processing workflow. Although many computer vision-based approaches have been presented, no one has yet developed a system that reliably and accurately detects and categorizes objects and animals found in the deep sea. This is largely due to obstacles that scatter and absorb light in an underwater setting. With the introduction of deep learning, scientists have been able to address a wide range of issues, including safeguarding the marine ecosystem, saving lives in an emergency, preventing underwater disasters, and detecting, spooring, and identifying underwater targets. However, the benefits and drawbacks of these deep learning systems remain unknown. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to provide an overview of the dataset that has been utilized in underwater object detection and to present a discussion of the advantages and disadvantages of the algorithms employed for this purpose.
Generative Approach to the Automation of Artificial Intelligence Applications
Authors: Huang Calvin , Sun Yu
Published: September 2022

In order to use the full power of artificial intelligence, many are required to navigate through a complex process that involves reading and understanding code. Understanding this process can be especially intimidating to domain experts who wish to use A.I to develop a project, but have no former experience with programming. This paper develops an application to allow for any domain expert (or normal person) to gather data, assign labels, and train models automatically without the use of software to do so. Our application, through a server, allows the user to send HTTP API requests to train models, upload images to the database, add models/labels, and access models/labels.
Early Detection of Parkinson’s Disease using Machine Learning and Convolutional Neural Networks from Drawing Movements
Authors: Fan Sarah , Sun Yu
Published: September 2022

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that causes uncontrollable movements and difficulty with balance and coordination. It is highly important for early detection of Parkinson’s disease in order for patients to receive proper treatment. This paper aims to aid in the early detection of Parkinson’s disease by using a convolutional neural network for PD detection from drawing movements. This CNN consists of 2 convolutional layers, 2 max-pooling layers, 2 dropout layers, 2 dense layers, and a flattened layer. Additionally, our approach explores multiple types of drawings, specifically spiral, meander, and wave datasets hand-drawn by patients and healthy controls to find the most effective one in the discrimination process. The models can be continuously trained in which the test data can be inputted to differentiate between healthy controls and PD patients. By analyzing the training and validation accuracy and loss, we were able to find the most appropriate model and dataset combination, which was the spiral drawing with an accuracy of 85%. With a proper model and a larger dataset for increased accuracy, this approach has the potential to be implemented in a clinical setting.
As Capacidades Geradoras de Valor da Controladoria
Authors: Brescovici Silvio Jordan , Garrido Ivan Laupente , Monticelli Jefferson Marlon
Published: September 2022

Objetivo: Propor a controladoria como uma capacidade geradora de valor às organizações, pelo estudo da evolução das suas funções organizacionais, reunindo-as sob a forma de capacidades, apresentando o impacto sobre o desempenho organizacional.
Método: Quantitativo concebido em duas etapas: uma exploratória baseada no modelo conceitual das capacidades da controladoria e outra de caráter descritivo, com base em estatística multivariada e uma escala de mensuração propondo hipóteses de relação com desempenho organizacional a partir de uma amostra de 120 empresas.
Originalidade/Relevância: O estudo aproxima dois corpos teóricos diferentes em sua temática – controladoria e estratégia – propõe de modo inédito as capacidades analíticas, planejamento e controle, como capacidades da controladoria, testando suas relações como o desempenho organizacional.
Resultados: Os resultados suportam as capacidades da controladoria e demonstram a geração de valor destas capacidades por meio da sua relação positiva e significante com o desempenho organizacional.
Contribuições teóricas/metodológicas: A ampliação do conceito da controladoria para a gestão estratégica e para a geração de valor às organizações, indo além da contribuição restrita ao âmbito contábil e financeiro.
Cystoagaricus sylvestris, an ambiguous name to be rejected as synonym of the new combinations C. lepidotoides and C. populinus
Authors:   Grupo Cultural Micoloogico Verpa, Munoz Guillermo , Parra Luis Alberto , Zamora Juan Carlos
Published: September 2022

A taxonomic and nomenclatural study of Psathyrella lepidotoides and P. populina, two species frequently confused in the European mycological literature, is performed. According to their morphological, molecular, and ecological characteristics, we conclude that both species are clearly distinguised and that, in addition, they should be included in the genus Cystoagaricus, in which we propose the pertinent combinations. We designate a lectotype for Agaricus populinus. Finally, based on the various interpretations by the authors over time, we consider that Cystoagaricus sylvestris (≡ Psathyrella sylvestris) is an ambiguous name, which does not represent either of the two previously mentioned taxa and, therefore, its earlier neotypification and synonymy are rejected. We propose the replacement of the neotype by a specimen of P. cotonea that is not in conflict with the protologue, which implies a new synonymy of P. sylvestris with P. cotonea, without negative consequences from the nomenclatural point of view
ҚАЗАҚСТАН-ФРАНЦУЗ ПИЛОТТЫҚ ЖОБАСЫ АЯСЫНДА СТУДЕНТТЕРДІҢ ЖАРАТЫЛЫСТАНУ-ҒЫЛЫМИ ДАЙЫНДЫҒЫ
Authors: Abeldina Zh.K  , Moldumarova Zh.E  , Akimbekov E.T  , Abeldina R.K
Published: September 2022

Білім, ғылым және өндіріс интеграциясының болмауына байланысты ауыл шаруашылығы мамандарын даярлау сапасын арттыруға кедергі келтіретін жүйелі мәселе бар. Қазақстандық жоғары оқу орындарының білім беру мүмкіндіктерінің шектеулілігі, материалдық-техникалық базасының әлсіздігі, ескірген технологиялары да оқу үдерісіне кері әсерін тигізуде. Соның салдарынан түлектердің дайындық деңгейі көп жағдайда заман талабына сай келмейді. Білім беру бағдарламалары мен кадрларды даярлауды жаңғырту үшін білім беруді, ғылыми-зерттеу жұмыстарын және агроөнеркәсіп кешеніне жаңа технологияларды енгізуді байланыстыру қажет. Сол сияқты Қазақстандағы жалпы білім беретін мектептерде де, жоғары оқу орындарында да жаратылыстану пәндерін оқытуда проблемалар бар. Мақалада Қазақстан-Франция пилоттық жобасы аясында бакалавриат даярлаудың базалық деңгейін қамтамасыз ету үшін студенттердің оқуын жетілдіру жолдарының бірі қарастырылған. Оқытудың жаңа моделі физика, химия, биология, жоғары математика және информатика сияқты іргелі пәндерді тереңдетіп оқытуға негізделген.
ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ РЕКОМБИНАНТНЫХ АНТИГЕНОВ CAMPILOBACTER JEJUNI ДЛЯ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ СПЕЦИФИЧЕСКИХ ПОЛИКЛОНАЛЬНЫХ АНТИТЕЛ
Authors: Mukantaev K.N  , Borovikov S.N  , Syzdykova A.S  , Zhahina A.A
Published: September 2022

В статье описаны результаты работы по получению специфических поликлональных антител к рекомбинантным антигенам Campylobacter jejuni, в качестве которых использованы ранее синтезированные белки внешней мембраны Omp18 и MOMP кампилобактерий. Определена оптимальная схема иммунизации подопытных животных, которая позволила стимулировать организм к выработке специфических антител против исходного антигена в высоких титрах. Тестирование методом ИФА позволило установить максимальные титры, к белку Omp18 - 1:102400, а к МОМР - 1:204800. Полученные антитела выделены из сыворотки и очищены методом хроматографии. Изучены их основные свойства, которые показали, что данные иммуноглобулины могут быть использованы при конструировании иммунохроматографического теста для экспресс-обнаружения возбудителей кампилобактериоза в пищевых продуктах животного происхождения и  других биологических объектах.
ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ ОСТАТОЧНОГО ПОТРЕБЛЕНИЯ КОРМА ПРИ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИИ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ VYTELLE (GROWSAFE)
Authors: Matakbaev D.A  , Tilepova A.K  , Shauenov S.K  , Бостанова С.K  , Uskenov R.B
Published: September 2022

В статье рассматривается опыт применения технологии Vytelle, используемой в странах с развитым агропромышленным комплексом с целью внедрения в Казахстане для оценки племенных и мясных качеств крупного рогатого скота казахской белоголовой породы. В данное время технология Vytelle внедряется в ТОО «Галицкое» Павлодарской области. Объектами исследований явились бычки казахской белоголовой породы в количестве 58 голов в возрасте 18-21 месяцев. Для проведения исследований была использована выгрузка из БД Vytelle. Согласно полученных данных остаточное потребление корма RFI варьировало в пределах по 1 группе: от -1,95 до 1,90, по 2 группе от -2,16 до 2,08. Остаточный среднесуточный прирост (RADG) по первой выборке был на уровне -0,64…0,71, по второй выборке -0,39…0,33. Средняя живая масса на конец (END WT.) исследований составила по первой группе 426,75 кг и по второй группе 328,4 кг. Среднее значение среднесуточного прироста живой массы (ADG) было по группам 0,93 и 0,64 кг. Потребление сухого вещества по первой группе в среднем за сутки животным во время испытания (DMI) оказалось между 8,55…13,91, по второй группе – 6,63…12,43. Среднее значение соотношения корма к приросту по первой группе Adj. F:G составило 16,78, по второй – 17,13. Среднее значение показателя остаточного потребления кормов, рассчитанное для каждого отдельного животного на основе их фенотипических значений RFI и информации о родословной по первой группе составил -0,0514, по второй группе составило -0,0779. Показатель (RFI%Rank по первому стаду – 52%, по второму стаду – 42%. Показатель потребления сухого вещества животным DMI EPD в среднем по первой группе составил -0,0633, по второй группе -0,0877. Среднее значение DMI%RANK по первой группе – 56%, по второй – 49%.
FOENICULUM VULGARE (HINOJO): ALTERNATIVA TERAPÉUTICA FEMENINA
Authors: Bedoya Castillo Maria Paula , Cisneros Hilario César Braulio , Lazaro Huamán Betsy Alexandra , Mendoza Chávez Katia Elizabeth , Cisneros Hilario Evelin Juline
Published: September 2022

Introducción: El Foeniculum vulgare es una planta medicinal de gran importancia por sus propiedades y valor nutricional. Los extractos del hinojo poseen propiedades terapéuticas ante cambios endocrinos, perturbaciones psicológicas, malestares y sintomatología presente en el ciclo vital de la mujer. Objetivos: analizar información sobre las diferentes propiedades y efectos terapéuticos del F. vulgare en las distintas etapas del ciclo vital de la mujer. Metodología: Se realizó una búsqueda crítica y analítica del tema por medio de lenguaje controlado recopilado del MeSH y DeCs en metabuscadores científicos. Resultados: El desarrollo de esta revisión fue viable debido a la variedad de literatura, estudios y ensayos clínicos internacionales de libre acceso de información relevante al tema. Conclusión: Esta planta puede ser empleada como tratamiento, prevención y como fuente de nutrientes; y sus extractos tienen un efecto importante en el ciclo vital de la mujer dependiendo se encuentre en menstruación, menopausia o postmenopausia.
Event Flow-Based Architecture
Authors: Малых В. , Рудецкий С.
Published: September 2022

Развитие технологий приводят к появлению новых архитектур. В медицинской информатике, отличающейся большой сложностью автоматизируемых процессов, все более широкое применение находит архитектура на основе потоков событий.

An event flow-based architecture uses an active event processing network to handle multiple events. In a healthcare information system, the architecture generates clinical and administrative alerts while offering treatment recommendations. The article would be useful both for architects and developers of modern information systems.
Tópicos em saúde: revisões integrativas
Authors: Bachur Tatiana Paschoalette Rodrigues , Almeida Maria Irismar de
Published: September 2022

No período de 2021.1, a disciplina MEP ofereceu aos alunos uma proposta diferente: a de produzir, ao longo do semestre, oito pesquisas bibliográficas para a produção de artigos de revisão integrativa, por meio de trabalhos em equipe compostas por cinco discentes orientados por uma docente ou pesquisadora colaboradora. Ao final do semestre, as equipes compartilharam os resultados de suas pesquisas em um momento online de encontro com o grande grupo, oportunizando a construção de saberes diversos por meio da abordagem das diferentes temáticas escolhidas pelas próprias equipes como objeto de pesquisa. A experiência culminou satisfatoriamente e despertou em todos, alunos e orientadores, o desejo de divulgar os resultados de suas pesquisas de modo mais amplo. Assim, surgiu a ideia de construirmos este e-book, fruto, portanto, da produção de acadêmicos do primeiro semestre de Medicina da UECE que cursaram a disciplina naquele período.
Satellite (GOSAT-2 CAI-2) retrieval and surface (ARFINET) observations of Aerosol Black Carbon over India
Authors: Gogoi Mukunda M. , Babu S. Suresh , Imasu Ryoichi , Hashimoto Makiko
Published: September 2022

Abstract. The light-absorbing Black Carbon (BC) aerosols have very sensitive role in affecting the Earth’s radiation budget and climate. In this study, satellite-based retrieval of BC over India is presented based on observations from the Cloud and Aerosol-Imager-2 (CAI-2) on-board the Greenhouse gases Observing Satellite-2 (GOSAT-2). To evaluate and validate the satellite retrievals, near surface BC mass concentrations measured across a network of aerosol observatories (ARFINET) over India are used and the findings are extended to comprehend the global BC features. As the analysis revealed, this satellite retrieval fairly depicts the regional and seasonal features of BC over the Indian region, which are similar to those recorded by surface observations. The validation and closure studies between the two data sets show RMSE < 1 and absolute difference below 2 µg m-3 for > 60 % of simultaneous observations, possessing fairly good associations in Dec-Jan-Feb (R ~ 0.73) and Mar-Apr-May (R ~ 0.76). Over the hotspot regions of India, the satellite retrievals show soot volume fraction of ~ 5 %, columnar single scattering albedo of ~ 0.8 and BC column optical depth of ~ 0.1; which are comparable to that of other in-situ or satellite measurements. In terms of global spatio-temporal variability, satellite retrieval shows higher BC occurring mostly in areas where biomass burning is intense. Overall, this study highlights the effectiveness of satellite retrieval of BC, which could be effectively used for the regular monitoring of BC load arising out of vehicular/ industrial/ biomass burning activities across the globe.
How do gravity waves triggered by a typhoon propagate from the troposphere to the upper atmosphere?
Authors: Li Qinzeng , Xu Jiyao , Liu Hanli , Liu Xiao , Yuan Wei
Published: September 2022

Abstract. Gravity waves (GWs) strongly affect atmospheric dynamics and photochemistry
and the coupling between the troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, and
thermosphere. In addition, GWs generated by strong disturbances in the
troposphere (e.g. thunderstorms and typhoons) can affect the atmosphere of
Earth from the troposphere to the thermosphere. However, the fundamental
process of GW propagation from the troposphere to the thermosphere is poorly
understood because it is challenging to constrain this process using
observations. Moreover, GWs tend to dissipate rapidly in the thermosphere
because the molecular diffusion increases exponentially with height. In this
study, a double-layer airglow network was used to capture concentric GWs
(CGWs) over China that were excited by Typhoon Chaba (2016). We
used ERA5 reanalysis data and Multi-functional Transport Satellite-1R
observations to quantitatively describe the propagation processes of
typhoon-generated CGWs from the troposphere, through the stratosphere and
mesosphere, to the thermosphere. We found that the CGWs in the mesopause
region were generated directly by the typhoon in the troposphere. However,
the backward-ray-tracing analysis suggested that CGWs in the thermosphere
originated from the secondary waves generated by the dissipation of the CGW
and/or nonlinear processes in the mesopause region.
Modeling radiative and climatic effects of brown carbon aerosols with the ARPEGE-Climat global climate model
Authors: Drugé Thomas , Nabat Pierre , Mallet Marc , Michou Martine , Rémy Samuel , Dubovik Oleg
Published: September 2022

Abstract. Organic aerosols are predominantly emitted from biomass burning and biofuel use. The fraction of these aerosols that strongly absorbs ultraviolet and short visible light is referred to as brown carbon (BrC). The life cycle and the optical properties of BrC are still highly uncertain, thus contributing to the uncertainty of the total aerosol radiative effect. This study presents the implementation of BrC aerosols in the Tropospheric Aerosols for ClimaTe In CNRM (TACTIC) aerosol scheme of the atmospheric component of the Centre National de Recherches Météorologiques (CNRM) climate model. This implementation has been achieved using a BrC parameterization based on the optical properties of Saleh et al. (2014). Several simulations have been carried out with the CNRM global climate model, over the period of 2000–2014, to analyze the BrC radiative and climatic effects. Model evaluation has been carried out by comparing numerical results of single-scattering albedo (SSA), aerosol optical depth (AOD), and absorption aerosol optical depth (AAOD) to data provided by Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) stations, at the local scale, and by different satellite products, at the global scale. The implementation of BrC and its bleaching parameterization has resulted in an improvement of the estimation of the total SSA and AAOD at 350 and 440 nm. This improvement is observed at both the local scale, for several locations of AERONET stations, and the regional scale, over regions of Africa (AFR) and South America (AME), where large quantities of biomass burning aerosols are emitted. The annual global BrC effective radiative forcing (all-sky conditions) has been calculated in terms of both aerosol–radiation interactions (ERFari, 0.029 ± 0.006 W m−2) and aerosol–cloud interactions (ERFaci, −0.024 ± 0.066 W m−2). This study shows, on an annual average, positive values of ERFari of 0.292 ± 0.034 and 0.085 ± 0.032 W m−2 over the AFR and AME regions, respectively, which is in accordance with the BrC radiative effect calculated in previous studies. This work also reveals that the inclusion of BrC in the TACTIC aerosol scheme causes a statistically significant low-level cloud fraction increase over the southeastern Atlantic Ocean during the burning season partially caused by a vertical velocity decrease at 700 hPa (semi-direct aerosol effect). Lastly, this study also highlights that the low-level cloud fraction changes, associated with more absorbing biomass burning aerosols, contribute to an increase in both solar heating rate and air temperature at 700 hPa over this region.
DeepOWT: a global offshore wind turbine data set derived with deep learning from Sentinel-1 data
Authors: Hoeser Thorsten , Feuerstein Stefanie , Kuenzer Claudia
Published: September 2022

Abstract. Offshore wind energy is at the advent of a massive global expansion. To investigate the development of the offshore wind energy sector, optimal offshore wind farm locations, or the impact of offshore wind farm projects, a freely accessible spatiotemporal data set of offshore wind energy infrastructure is necessary. With free and direct access to such data, it is more likely that all stakeholders who operate in marine and coastal environments will become involved in the upcoming massive expansion of offshore wind farms. To that end, we introduce the DeepOWT (Deep-learning-derived Offshore Wind Turbines) data set (available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5933967, Hoeser and Kuenzer, 2022b), which provides 9941 offshore wind energy infrastructure locations along with their deployment stages on a global scale. DeepOWT is based on freely accessible Earth observation data from the Sentinel-1 radar mission. The offshore wind energy infrastructure locations were derived by applying deep-learning-based object detection with two cascading convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to search the entire Sentinel-1 archive on a global scale. The two successive CNNs have previously been optimised solely on synthetic training examples to detect the offshore wind energy infrastructures in real-world imagery. With subsequent temporal analysis of the radar signal at the detected locations, the DeepOWT data set reports the deployment stages of each infrastructure with a quarterly frequency from July 2016 until June 2021. The spatiotemporal information is compiled in a ready-to-use geographic information system (GIS) format to make the usability of the data set as accessible as possible.
Quantification of post-glacier bedrock surface erosion in the European Alps using10Be and optically stimulated luminescence exposure dating
Authors: Elkadi Joanne , Lehmann Benjamin , King Georgina E. , Steinemann Olivia , Ivy-Ochs Susan , Christl Marcus , Herman Frédéric
Published: September 2022

Abstract. The retreat of glaciers since the Last Glacial Maximum in the European Alps has left an imprint on topography through various erosional processes. However, few methods are currently capable of resolving these mechanisms on Late Glacial to Holocene timescales. Quantifying the relative contributions of mountain erosion, during these different climate cycles, is useful for understanding long-term landscape evolution and the links between global climate and erosion. Here, we combine three optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) exposure dating signals with 10Be surface exposure dating to constrain the post-glacier erosion rates of bedrock samples adjacent to the Gorner Glacier in the European Alps. The results reveal erosion rates of the order of 10−2 to 10−1 mm a−1, in general agreement with other studies in the region, as well as a strong negative correlation between erosion rate and elevation, suggesting that frost crack weathering is perhaps not the dominant form of post-glacier weathering. Finally, a global compilation of both subglacial and periglacial erosion rates shows that periglacial erosion rates could be greater than previously thought. Yet subglacial erosion remains higher, implying that it continues to have the stronger influence on shaping landscapes. Therefore, with a changing climate, periglacial erosion rates are likely to remain transient. These insights could lead to important implications for landscape evolution models.
Implementation of trait-based ozone plant sensitivity in the Yale Interactive terrestrial Biosphere model v1.0 to assess global vegetation damage
Authors: Ma Yimian , Yue Xu , Sitch Stephen , Unger Nadine , Uddling Johan , Mercado Lina , Gong Cheng , Feng Zhaozhong , Yang Huiyi , Zhou Hao , Tian Chenguang , Cao Yang , Lei Yadong , Cheesman Alexander , Xu Yansen , Duran Rojas Maria
Published: September 2022

Abstract. A major limitation in modeling global ozone (O3) vegetation damage has long been the reliance on empirical O3 sensitivity parameters derived from a limited number of species and applied at the level of plant functional types (PFTs), which ignore the large interspecific variations within the same PFT. Here, we present a major advance in large-scale assessments of O3 plant injury by linking the trait leaf mass per area (LMA) and plant O3 sensitivity in a broad and global perspective. Application of the new approach and a global LMA map in a dynamic global vegetation model reasonably represents the observed interspecific responses to O3 with a unified sensitivity parameter for all plant species. Simulations suggest a contemporary global mean reduction of 4.8 % in gross primary productivity by O3, with a range of 1.1 %–12.6 % for varied PFTs. Hotspots with damages > 10 % are found in agricultural areas in the eastern U.S., western Europe, eastern China, and India, accompanied by moderate to high levels of surface O3. Furthermore, we simulate the distribution of plant sensitivity to O3, which is highly linked with the inherent leaf trait trade-off strategies of plants, revealing high risks for fast-growing species with low LMA, such as crops, grasses and deciduous trees.
Intravenous antibiotic duration in the treatment of prosthetic joint infection: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Bouji Nour , Wen Sijin , Dietz Matthew J.
Published: September 2022

Abstract. Introduction: Long antibiotic courses, including intravenous (IV) and oral administrations,
are utilized in prosthetic joint infection (PJI) treatment. This
meta-analysis examines the non-inferiority of short courses (< 4 weeks)
of IV antibiotics compared to long courses in treating PJI. Critical review
of IV treatment is necessary due to the clinical, physical, and financial
burden associated with it and its continued prolonged use in the US without much evidence to support the practice.
Methods: Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and
Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), databases were searched using predefined medical
subject headings (MeSH).
Results: The nine included studies reported 521 total hip arthroplasties (THAs) and
530 total knee arthroplasties (TKAs). There was no significant difference in
the overall success rate in short- vs. long-duration IV antibiotics for PJI treatment: odds ratio (OR) of 1.65, 95 % confidence interval (CI) of 0.78–3.46, and p=0.18. However, due to the
moderate to high heterogeneity (I2=68 %, p < 0.01) amongst
studies, an adjusted success rate was calculated after the exclusion of two
studies. This showed a statistically significant difference between both
groups (OR of 2.45, 95 % CI of 1.21–4.96, p < 0.001) favoring a short
course of antibiotics and reflecting a more homogenous population (I2=51 %, p=0.06).
Conclusion: This study highlights the limited data available for evaluating IV antibiotic
duration in the setting of PJI. We found that a shorter duration of IV
antibiotics was non-inferior to a longer duration, with an improved OR of
2.45 for treatment success, likely shortening inpatient stay as well as lessening side
effects and antimicrobial resistance with a lower cost to patients and
overall healthcare.
Progress and challenges in glacial lake outburst flood research (2017–2021): a research community perspective
Authors: Emmer Adam , Allen Simon K. , Carey Mark , Frey Holger , Huggel Christian , Korup Oliver , Mergili Martin , Sattar Ashim , Veh Georg , Chen Thomas Y. , Cook Simon J. , Correas-Gonzalez Mariana , Das Soumik , Diaz Moreno Alejandro , Drenkhan Fabian , Fischer Melanie , Immerzeel Walter W. , Izagirre Eñaut , Joshi Ramesh Chandra , Kougkoulos Ioannis , Kuyakanon Knapp Riamsara , Li Dongfeng , Majeed Ulfat , Matti Stephanie , Moulton Holly , Nick Faezeh , Piroton Valentine , Rashid Irfan , Reza Masoom , Ribeiro de Figueiredo Anderson , Riveros Christian , Shrestha Finu , Shrestha Milan , Steiner Jakob , Walker-Crawford Noah , Wood Joanne L. , Yde Jacob C.
Published: September 2022

Abstract. Glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs) are among the most
concerning consequences of retreating glaciers in mountain ranges worldwide.
GLOFs have attracted significant attention amongst scientists and
practitioners in the past 2 decades, with particular interest in the
physical drivers and mechanisms of GLOF hazard and in socioeconomic and other
human-related developments that affect vulnerabilities to GLOF events. This
increased research focus on GLOFs is reflected in the gradually increasing
number of papers published annually. This study offers an overview of recent
GLOF research by analysing 594 peer-reviewed GLOF studies published between
2017 and 2021 (Web of Science and Scopus databases), reviewing the content and
geographical focus as well as other characteristics of GLOF studies. This
review is complemented with perspectives from the first GLOF conference (7–9
July 2021, online) where a global GLOF research community of major
mountain regions gathered to discuss the current state of the art of
integrated GLOF research. Therefore, representatives from 17 countries
identified and elaborated trends and challenges and proposed possible ways
forward to navigate future GLOF research, in four thematic areas: (i) understanding GLOFs – timing and processes; (ii) modelling GLOFs and GLOF
process chains; (iii) GLOF risk management, prevention and warning; and (iv) human dimensions of GLOFs and GLOF attribution to climate change.
Barriers for Junior Doctors to Specialize in Rural Generalism – A Medical Student Experience
Authors: Cox Madeleine J
Published: September 2022

Australia is an exceptional country, with the majority of its population living on the Eastern Seaboard in highly urbanized, developed capital cities such as Sydney, Melbourne, and Brisbane. However, more than seven million Australian’s live inland in some of the flattest, driest, and inhabitable regions on Earth.1 This provides unique challenges to Australia’s regional country towns, as they battle issues such as isolation, substandard health resources and poor welfare. Despite Australia’s world class healthcare system, unfortunately individual’s living in regional Australia, have health comparable to that of low and middle income countries.2 Government strategies have aimed to improve this through lackluster funding, empty promises, and ill-considered pathway strategies.
Investigation of Analgesic Effects of Venlafaxine, Atomoxetine and Trazodone Alone and in Combination in Acute Pain Models of the Rats
Authors: KEMERLİ Münteha Zeynep , YILDIRIM Kemal , JOHA Zıad , TAŞKIRAN Ahmet Şevki , BAĞCİVAN İhsan
Published: September 2022

Purpose: Poorly controlled pain is linked to several other undesirable outcomes. These outcomes are upsetting to patients, their families, and society as a whole. Although opioids and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are the cornerstone of the nociceptive pain treatment, the use of these drugs is restricted due to their side effects. Therefore, it is essential to develop new treatment alternatives for pain. Our study aimed to examine the pain relief effectiveness of Venlafaxine, Atomoxetine and Trazodone at 3 different doses alone, and in combination with each other in an acute pain model.
Material and Methods: The analgesic effectiveness of Venlafaxine, Atomoxetine, and Trazodone at three different doses alone and in combination in an acute pain model in rats was examined using the hot plate and tail flick methods.
Results: Venlafaxine and Trazodone, Venlafaxine showed dose-dependent analgesic effect when compared to the control. When Venlafaxine at dose of 2 mg/kg were combined with Atomoxetine at doses of 1, 3 and 6 mg/kg, the analgesic effects were significantly increased compared to these drugs alone. When Venlafaxine at dose of 2 mg/kg were combined with trazodone at doses of 4, 12 and 24 mg/kg, the analgesic effects were significantly increased compared to these drugs alone.
Conclusion: All in all, our data suggest these combinations may offer a beneficial treatment option for acute pain in future.
Yetişkinlerde Kumar Bağımlılığı ile İlişkili Sosyodemografik Değişkenlerin İncelenmesi
Authors: İncekara Harun İsmail , Taş Besra
Published: September 2022

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı kumar bağımlığını bazı demografik değişkenler açısından incelemektir.
Yöntem: Araştırmanın verileri Google Form aracılığıyla elektronik ortamda toplanmıştır. Çalışmada, nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden tarama modeli tercih edilmiştir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu İstanbul ili Bakırköy ilçesi Osmaniye mahallesinde yaşayan, çeşitli internet sitelerinden çevrimiçi bir şekilde şans oyunu oynayan ve uygun örnekleme yöntemi ile seçilen 400 erkek bireyden oluşmaktadır. Araştırma verilerini toplama amacıyla araştırmacı tarafından hazırlanan Kişisel Bilgi Formu ile South Oaks Kumar Bağımlılığı Ölçeği kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: Yapılan çalışmada South Oaks Kumar Tarama Testi ölçeği puanları bireylerin medeni durumlarına, aile ilişkilerini algılama düzeylerine, bireylerin eğitim düzeylerine, bireylerin kendilerini şanslı algılama durumlarına göre anlamlı farklılık belirlenmiştir. , South Oaks Kumar Tarama Testi ölçeği puanlarında, bireylerin kardeş sayılarına, gelir düzeylerine, sahip olduğu çocuk sayılarına, bireylerin kumara başlama yaşlarına, bireylerin annelerinin eğitim düzeylerine, bireylerin babalarının eğitim düzeylerine, bireylerin alkol kullanma durumlarını, bireylerin sigara kullanma durumlarına, bireylerin psikolojik sosyal destek alma durumlarına göre anlamlı farklılıklar tespit edilmemiştir.
Sonuç: Bireylerdeki problemli kumar oynama davranışının toplum içerisinde popülaritesinin artması ve gelişen bilişim sistemleri ile birlikte kumara erişimin kolay ve denetiminde yetersiz olması sebebiyle tehlikeli boyutlara ulaşabileceği düşünülmektedir.
Ergenlerin Teknoloji Kullanımı ve İhtiyaç Doyumu Düzeylerinin Bazı Değişkenlere Göre İncelenmesi
Authors: Kaba İlker , Doğan Türkan
Published: September 2022

Amaç: Bu çalışmada ergenlerin bilişim teknolojileri kullanma ve temel psikolojik ihtiyaç düzeylerinin cinsiyete göre farklılık gösterip göstermediğinin belirlenmesi ve bilişim teknolojileri kullanım süreleri ve amaçlarıyla ilişkilerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Yöntem: Çalışma, tarama modeli ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmada Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Bilişim Teknolojileri Kullanım Ölçeği (BTKÖ) ve İhtiyaç Doyumu Ölçeği (İDÖ) kullanılmıştır. Veriler, Ankara ve Mersin’deki liselerde 2019-2020 eğitim-öğretim döneminde, kolay ulaşılabilir örneklem yöntemi kullanılarak ulaşılan 508 ergenden toplanmıştır.
Bulgular: İDÖ-Yeterlik, BTKÖ-Dijital Oyun Oynama ve BTKÖ-Teknolojik Aygıtların ve Uygulamalarının Kullanımı faktörlerinden alınan ortalama puanlarında cinsiyete göre anlamlı bir fark olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ergenlerin günlük internet kullanım süreleri ile BTKÖ-DOO, BTKÖ-TAUK faktörlerinden ve BTKÖ genelinden alınan ortalama puanların pozitif yönde anlamlı düzeyde ilişkili olduğu saptanmıştır. İnterneti oyun oynamak için kullanma ile BTKÖ-DOO, BTKÖ-TAUK, BTKÖ-Sanal Yaşam Tercihi faktörlerinden ve BTKÖ genelinden alınan ortalama puanların; interneti sosyal ağlar için kullanma ile İDÖ-İlişkisellik faktöründen ve İDÖ genelinden alınan ortalama puanların pozitif yönde anlamlı düzeyde ilişkili olduğu bulunmuştur.
Sonuç: Ergenlerin cinsiyetlerine, bilişim teknolojileri kullanım sürelerine ve amaçlarına göre BTKÖ geneli ve alt ölçekleri, İDÖ geneli ve alt ölçekleri ile ilişkilerinin yönü farklılık göstermektedir. Çevrim içi oyun oynama, sosyal ağları kullanma ve iletişim kurma amaçlarıyla interneti kullanan ergenlerin genel olarak bilişim teknolojileri kullanım sürelerinin de arttığı görülmüştür. Ders çalışmak ve canlı ders/EBA/uzaktan eğitim amaçlarıyla interneti kullanan ergenlerin bilişim teknolojileri kullanımlarında bir artış görülmemiştir. Ergenlerin interneti sosyal ağlar için kullanarak ilişkisellik ihtiyaçlarını ve genel ihtiyaç doyumlarını karşıladıkları bulunmuştur.
Ergenlerin İnternet ve Akıllı Telefon Bağımlılığının Yalnızlık, Uyku Kalitesi ve Akademik Başarı Düzeyleri ile İlişkisi
Authors: Coşkun Sabahat , Saray Kılıç Hülya
Published: September 2022

Amaç: Bu araştırmanın amacı, ergenlerin internet ve akıllı telefon bağımlılığı ile yalnızlık, uyku kalitesi ve akademik başarı düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemektir.
Yöntem: Kesitsel tipteki bu araştırma Mayıs 2019 ile Haziran 2019 tarihleri arasında yapılmıştır. Araştırmaya bir lisede öğrenim gören toplam 407 öğrenci katılmıştır. Veri toplama formunda Sosyodemografik özellikler, "İnternet Bağımlılığı Ölçeği", "Akıllı Telefon Bağımlılığı Ölçeği", "Uyku Kalitesi Ölçeği" ve "UCLA Yalnızlık Ölçeği" kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: Ergenlerin yaş ortalaması 16,72±1,34 olarak belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre; internet bağımlılığı ve sınırlı internet bağımlılığı olan ergenlerin, semptom göstermeyenlere göre daha kötü uyku kalitesine sahip oldukları, yalnızlık düzeylerinin arttığı, akademik başarılarının daha düşük olduğu ve aralarındaki farkın istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olduğu görülmüştür. Ayrıca akıllı telefon bağımlılığı düzeyi artıkça kötü uyku kalitesinin ve yalnızlık düzeyinin arttığı, akademik başarı puanlarının ise azaldığı ve aralarındaki ilişkinin anlamlı olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Sonuç: Ergenlerin internet ve akıllı telefon bağımlılık düzeylerinin uyku kalitesi, yalnızlık ve akademik başarılarını olumsuz yönde etkilediği görülmüştür. Bu davranışsal bağımlılıkları erken dönemde belirlemek ve ergenleri bağımlılığın olumsuz etkilerinden korumak büyük önem taşımaktadır. Bu nedenle ergenlere internet ve akıllı telefonların etkin, güvenli ve doğru kullanımına yönelik eğitim programlarının geliştirilmesi ve yaygınlaştırılması gerektiği düşünülmektedir.
Kadınlarda Kompulsif Çevrimiçi Satın Alma Davranışı ile Dürtüsellik İlişkisi
Authors: Namlı Zeynep , Tamam Lut , Demirkol Mehmet Emin , Karaytuğ Mahmut Onur , Özbay Aynur
Published: September 2022

Amaç: Son yıllarda geleneksel alışveriş yöntemleri yerini çevrimiçi alışverişe bırakmıştır. Dürtü kontrol bozukluğu ya da davranışsal bağımlılık olarak nitelendirilen kompulsif çevrimiçi satın alma davranışına yönelik sınırlı sayıda araştırma bulunmaktadır. Çalışmamızda ruhsal hastalık tanısı bulunmayan kadınlarda çevrimiçi satın alma davranışı ile sosyodemografik özellikler ve dürtüsellik arasındaki ilişkinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır.
Yöntem: Çalışmaya ruh sağlığı ve hastalıkları polikliniğine başvuran ve psikiyatrik görüşme sonucunda ruhsal hastalık tanısı saptanmayan 132 kadın dahil edildi. Katılımcılara sosyodemografik veri formu, Kompulsif Çevrimiçi Satın Alma Ölçeği (KÇSA-Ö), Wender-Utah Derecelendirme Ölçeği (WUDÖ) ve UPPS Dürtüsel Davranış Ölçeği uygulandı.
Bulgular: Katılımcıların 77’sinin (% 58.3) çevrimiçi alışveriş yapma alışkanlığı olduğu belirlendi. Çevrimiçi satın alma alışkanlığı olan grubun eğitim düzeyi alışkanlığı olmayan gruptan anlamlı olarak yüksekti (p< 0.001). Çevrimiçi satın alma alışkanlığı olan grupta WUDÖ ve UPPS heyecan arayışı alt ölçeği ortalama puanları çevrimiçi satın alma alışkanlığı olmayan gruptan anlamlı düzeyde yüksekti (p=0.041, p=0.006, sırasıyla). Çevrimiçi satın alma alışkanlığı olan katılımcıların, KÇSA-Ö puanı ile WUDÖ ve UPPS Dürtüsel Davranış Ölçeği alt ölçek puanları arasında anlamlı korelasyon yoktu (p> 0.05, her biri için).
Sonuç: Mevcut bulgular kadınlarda çevrimiçi satın alma davranışının sosyodemografik özelliklerden ziyade dürtüsellik gibi kişilik özellikleriyle ilişkili olduğunu düşündürmektedir. Geniş örneklemde diğer kişilik özelliklerinin de değerlendirildiği gelecek çalışmalar kompulsif satın alma davranışının tanısal olarak sınıflandırılmasına katkıda bulunabilir.
HOCUS POCUS - Exploring the use of Artificial Intelligence in Point of Care Ultrasound Application in the Emergency Department
Authors: Wang Wenxuan , Chiriac Dragos
Published: September 2022

The field of emergency medicine has changed since the first introduction of portable ultrasound fifty years ago. Smaller equipment and the ability to produce higher quality images has driven the wide adoption of Point-of-Care Ultrasound (PoCUS) in emergency departments. PoCUS is an integral tool for physicians to obtain images in real-time and rapidly diagnose critically ill patients for timely intervention when every minute matters. Recognizing Core applications of PoCUS has been highlighted by the Canadian Association of Emergency Physicians and training programs are within the core curriculum for EM residency. However, the main challenge of PoCUS is that the diagnostic accuracy and interpretability is dependent on operator expertise. With the resurgent interest in artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare, its integration into PoCUS was promising. Several studies have looked at integrating AI analysis with PoCUS imaging to improve diagnostic accuracy, guide training models, and increase the accessibility of PoCUS for novice users. Given that PoCUS usage improves patient satisfaction and clinician confidence, increased PoCUS usage is a worthy and achievable goal in Canadian emergency departments. The promising adaptation of artificial intelligence with PoCUS assessments will serve to expand training and diagnostic confidence to improve patient outcomes.