bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Determinants of correct knowledge on tuberculosis transmission and self-reported tuberculosis prevalence among general population aged 15–49 years in Myanmar
Authors: Aung Pyae Linn , Win Kyawt Mon , Win Maung Htet Myet , Show Kyaw Lwin
Published: August 2023

Introduction

Myanmar has been identified as one of the tuberculosis (TB) high-burden countries and having an understanding of TB transmission is vital for personal infection prevention as well as preventing transmission to others. This study aimed to identify the determinants of correct knowledge on TB transmission and self-reported TB prevalence among general population in Myanmar.

Methods

This is a cross-sectional study using secondary data from Myanmar demographic and health survey 2015–16. The determinants of correct knowledge on TB transmission mode and self-reported prevalence of TB were assessed using multivariable logistic regression models. Weighted estimates were provided in all analyses to account for the multistage sampling design used in the survey.

Results

Among the respondents, less than half (44.6%, 95% CI: 43.9, 45.4) had the overall correct knowledge about TB transmission and misconceptions. Older age group, female gender, those with higher education and higher socioeconomic status, and exposed to mass media at least once a week, residents from the delta and lowland region or plain areas were more likely to have correct knowledge about TB transmission. The overall prevalence rate of self-reported TB was 2.6% (95%CI: 2.4, 2.9) and the prevalence was higher among older age group and males.

Conclusion

Our study highlights the need for targeted efforts to improve awareness and understanding of TB transmission among general population in Myanmar. The study suggests the implementation of appropriate, innovative, and comprehensive targeted TB education and communication strategies.
¿La universidad estatal es un servicio público?
Authors: Carbajales Mariano Osvaldo
Published: August 2023

En el presente trabajo, a partir de un caso suscitado ante el Tribunal Constitucional Chileno, se intenta revisar si la universidad estatal ha de considerarse como un servicio público. Para ello, se pasará una somera revista de este concepto político- jurídico, tanto desde el punto de vista jurídico como de las ciencias económicas. Ello así pues consideramos que el aporte de esta última ciencia puede contribuir a limitar la indeterminación y politización que ha sufrido este concepto a lo largo de la doctrina y la jurisprudencia y, de este modo, contribuir a salvaguardar la naturaleza de la primera y dar un contenido material y verificable al segundo. En pocas palabras, fortalecer el Estado de Derecho.
Reflexiones sobre la adecuada asignación de riesgos en los Contratos de APPs
Authors: Cuba Meneses Erick
Published: August 2023

Los contratos son instrumentos para la distribución y asignación de riesgos entre las partes que lo suscriben. Durante la negociación, las partes buscarán asumir la menor cantidad de riesgos posible y estructurarán el contrato a partir de su capacidad para trasladar al reglamento contractual sus particulares intereses. Sin embargo, cuando se trata del Estado, este traslada al contrato el mayor interés de todos: el interés público. Esto tiene una repercusión trascendental en la forma en que los riesgos son asignados o, incluso, en los tipos de riesgos que deben preverse y las soluciones que se adoptarán en caso se materialicen. Además, de los contratos celebrados bajo el sistema de inversión pública, un claro ejemplo de lo anterior son los contratos de participación público-privada (más conocidos como Asociación Público-Privada). La doctrina internacional (especialmente de habla inglesa) ha creado distintos criterios orientadores para la asignación de los riesgos en contratos de APP y, en el caso peruano, el Ministerio de Economía y Finanzas ha emitido directrices al respecto, dada la importancia de una adecuada asignación de riesgos para una sana ejecución contractual, tomando en cuenta que este tipo de contratos tienen una larga duración. Ello repercute en un mayor bienestar social (infraestructura y servicios públicos en menor tiempo y de mayor calidad). Este trabajo se enfoca en evaluar los distintos criterios de asignación de riesgos y ponderar la importancia de adoptar acuerdos sobre ellos.
La convencionalización del Derecho Administrativo en Latinoamérica
Authors: Wunder Hachem Daniel
Published: August 2023

El artículo sostiene que en los países latinoamericanos es necesaria la convencionalización del Derecho Administrativo: un proceso de relectura de los institutos de esta rama jurídica a la luz del contenido de los tratados de derechos humanos y la jurisprudencia de las Cortes Internacionales. Examina en qué medida las disposiciones de la Convención Americana sobre Derechos Humanos y la jurisprudencia de la Corte Interamericana comienzan a operar como fuentes del Derecho Administrativo, las cuales deben ser tenidas en cuenta por la Administración Pública y por los órganos de control como parámetro de validez de la actividad administrativa. Analiza la posición de la jurisprudencia de la Corte Interamericana según la cual corresponde a todos los órganos y autoridades públicas nacionales ejercer el control de convencionalidad, verificando la compatibilidad de las normas de Derecho interno con los tratados internacionales de derechos humanos. Propone criterios operativos y procedimentales para la realización del control de convencionalidad por parte de las autoridades administrativas en los países latinoamericanos.
De regreso a los fundamentos del Derecho Administrativo a través de la contratación pública en Italia: Desde la lucha jurisdiccional hasta la codificación europea
Authors: Diaz Bravo Enrique
Published: August 2023

El autor analiza algunos de los fundamentos del Derecho administrativo proyectados en la contratación pública, primero se examina el binomio central del sistema administrativo en Italia constituido por los derechos subjetivos e intereses legítimos y, luego, se aborda la configuración de la jurisdicción contencioso-administrativa italiana la que concentra su desarrollo a partir del mencionado binomio. La contratación pública y el Derecho administrativo, o viceversa, caminan unidos en la historia y se conviven a partir de ciertas instituciones y procedimientos que se presentan en este trabajo como fundamentos para la protección de los derechos e intereses legítimos del ciudadano frente al poder discrecional de la Administración Pública.
Unraveling the Complex Dynamics of Islamic Social Reporting and Financial Performance: A Study of Mediating and Moderating Factors in Islamic Banks
Authors: Muhsyaf Saipul Arni
Published: August 2023

Islamic Social Reporting (ISR) is crucial for Islamic banks as it captures the extent of their adherence to social and ethical principles, which influences their financial performance. Drawing on stakeholder theory the primary objective of this study is to scrutinize the impact of ISR on the financial performance of Islamic banks in Indonesia, with a specific focus on the mediating and moderating roles of key governance factors, namely ownership concentration, bank size, board independence composition, and leverage. The study is based on data from ten Indonesian Islamic commercial banks from 2017 to 2020, utilizing regression models and Path SEM analysis for assessment. The findings reveal a positive impact of ISR on financial performance. Additionally, it is discovered that the board independence composition and leverage significantly moderate the ISR-financial performance relationship. However, the study does not find evidence of the mediating effects of ownership concentration and bank size. While the moderating roles of board independence composition and leverage align with prior research, the absence of mediation effects contrasts with previous studies.
Originality/Value: This research offers a distinct exploration of the relationship between ISR-financial and financial performance relationship within the specific context of Indonesian Islamic banks. It creatively probes the mediating and moderating impacts of select governance variables, a largely unexplored territory in extant literature. The findings of this study contribute to the theoretical framework of ISR's influence on financial performance and provide actionable insights for policy and strategic decisions in Islamic banks. It underscores the potential of such studies to drive sustainable growth, thereby laying the groundwork for future research.
ASEAN Halal Markets Analysis: Regulatory and Harmonization Challenges
Authors: Abimanyu Anggito , Faiz Ihda Arifin
Published: August 2023

This article examines important aspects of the halal market’s development, including halal food in seven advanced members of ASEAN countries. The qualitative method has been used by examining the main aspects of the regulation, a form of institutions, a SWOT analysis, a study of the impact of halal food regulations, and an analysis of ASEAN regulatory harmonization. Data on halal food regulations in ASEAN-7 countries were obtained from literature reviews, official documents, publications, interviews, and direct field observations. The study shows that halal regulations in ASEAN-7 generally are adequate for their purpose but reveal diversity in halal standards, institutional forms, internal and external environmental conditions, and their impacts. The implication shows that the ASEAN can potentially increase halal business and global halal trade. Although various efforts have been made, more synergistic cooperation is needed to develop harmonious halal trade regulations to increase economic, social, and consumer protection benefits for the ASEAN region.
Originality/Value: This study investigates the existence of research gaps between empirical data and literature or theories concerning the trade in halal food products within the ASEAN region. The study on the harmonization of halal regulations in ASEAN and its relationship to trade flows has not been extensively conducted. It is hoped that this research will prove beneficial to both academic literature and the formulation of regional policies regarding the halal food trade among ASEAN countries.
Darfur: A Wake Up Call for Africa
Authors: Lumumba Harakati Shaka
Published: August 2023

Darfur: A Wake Up Call for Africa
Important Statement on the Sudan
Authors: Winter Roger P
Published: August 2023

(Before the before the Subcommittee on Africa, Global Human Rights and International Operations House International Relations Committee on October 20, 2006.)
Paris Liberation made "Whites Only"
Authors: Thomson Mike
Published: August 2023

Paris Liberation made "Whites Only
Book Review
Authors: Chebanne Anderson
Published: August 2023

Book Review: (Les Africains et leurs descendants en Europe avant le XXe siecle [Africans and their descendants in Europe before the 20th Century]. Conference proceedings: Edited by Dieudonne Gnammankou & Yao Modzinou. Published by Maison de l'Afrique a Toulouse (MAT), 2008)
Book review of: Gurr, Jens Martin; Parr, Rolf; Hardt, Dennis (eds.) (2022): Metropolitan Research: Methods and Approaches
Authors: Harrison John
Published: August 2023

Book review.
Limit theorems for the maximal tree size of a Galton – Watson forest in the critical case
Authors: Khvorostianskaia Elena V.
Published: August 2023

We consider a critical Galton – Watson branching process starting with N particles; the number of offsprings is supposed to have the distribution p

k
=(k + 1)−τ
−(k + 2)−τ
, k=0, 1, 2, … Limit distributions of the maximal tree size are obtained for the corresponding Galton – Watson forest with N trees and n non-root vertices as N, n → ∞, n/N

τ
⩾ C > 0.
On properties of multiaffine predicates on a finite set
Authors: Selezneva Svetlana N.
Published: August 2023

We consider predicates on a finite set that are invariant with respect to an affine operation f

G
, where G is some Abelian group. Such predicates are said to be multiaffine for the group G. Special attention is paid to predicates that are affine for a group G

q
of addition modulo q=p

s
, where p is a prime number and s=1. We establish the predicate multiaffinity criterion for a group G

q
. Then we introduce disjunctive normal forms (DNF) for predicates on a finite set and obtain properties of DNFs of predicates that are multiaffine for a group G

q
. Finally we show how these properties can be used to design a polynomial algorithm that decides satisfiability of a system of predicates which are multiaffine for a group G

q
, if predicates are specified by DNF.
Transitional Justice and the Holocaust in Poland
Authors: Frydel Tomasz
Published: August 2023

The Communist seizure of power is generally regarded as the key context of the transitional justice that characterized the prosecution of Nazi criminals and collaborators in postwar Poland, which naturally affected trials related to the Holocaust. Some of the guiding questions of this scholarship have asked the following: Should postwar trials be understood as “real” trials as opposed to staged political trials? To what extent did they allow for an expression of the distinctiveness of the Holocaust? Did the trials help or inhibit the creation of a space for Jewish voices and agency? The current state of research points to two emerging stories of Polish judicial reckoning with the Holocaust “behind the Iron Curtain.” On the one hand, scholars increasingly agree that the trials were not politically orchestrated but were generally conducted in the spirit of the rule of law, comparable to those held in Western European courts. Further, the Polish contribution to the prosecution of Nazi perpetrators is regarded as exceptional and successful in delivering some measure of justice. On the other hand, research into trials of Polish grassroots perpetrators of anti-Jewish crimes points to a failure in reaching a meaningful judicial and societal reckoning.
A green HPLC method for the determination of apixaban in pharmaceutical products: Development and validation
Authors: Akbel Erten , Bulduk İbrahim , Gökçe Süleyman
Published: August 2023

Apixaban (APX) is a novel anticoagulant drug used in the treatment of ischemic stroke and venous thromboembolism. In this study, two different chromatographic methods were developed for the determination of APX in pharmaceutical products. In the first method, an Agilent C18 column (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) was used, and the temperature was kept constant at 30°C. The mobile phase was chosen to be 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid solution and acetonitrile (65:35, v/v), and isocratic elution was applied. The flow rate of the mobile phase was found to be 1.0 mL·min−1 and the injection volume was 20 µL. The detection was carried out at a wavelength of 276 nm using a UV detector. In the second method, ethanol was used as an organic modifier. The only difference between these methods was the organic modifier. All other conditions of the methods were the same. Both chromatographic methods were validated in accordance with ICH guidelines for various parameters such as selectivity, linearity, accuracy, precision, detection and quantification limit, and robustness. The determination coefficients of chromatographic methods were greater than 0.999 in the concentration range of 5–30 mg·mL−1 of APX. Later, these chromatographic methods were applied to tablet formulations. Comparison of the obtained results in terms of mean was made using Student’s (t) test, and comparisons in terms of standard deviations were made using the Fisher (F) test. It was observed that there was no significant difference between these methods. These two methods were then evaluated using AGREE-Analytical greenness metric software. The chromatographic method using ethanol as an organic modifier has been proposed as an excellent eco-friendly and analyst-friendly alternative for the determination of APX in pharmaceutical formulations.
Priming Bean Seedlings to Boost Natural Plant Defenses Against Common Bacterial Wilt: Leaf Architecture, Leaf area, Foliage Water Content, and Plant Biomass Results (Part 3)
Authors: Ramsey Craig , Sandoval Vanessa M. , Freebury Paul C. , Newman Debra H. , Dooley Greg , Cseke Leland J. , Newman Steven E.
Published: August 2023

This greenhouse study evaluated the effects of two chemicals for priming kidney bean seedlings against bacterial wilt disease (Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. Flaccumfaciens) (CFF). The premise of this study was that the oxidant properties of chlorine dioxide would mimic the signaling properties of radical oxygen species thereby initiating a cascade of molecular plant defenses. The factorial study included two levels for the foliar chlorine dioxide treatment, two levels for the bacterial wilt inoculation treatment, and two optional treatments. The biomass variables included oven dry total plant biomass, oven dry fruit biomass, and oven dry leaf biomass. Also, foliage and total plant water content data was collected, as well as total leaf area. Specific leaf area (SLA) was estimated from the leaf area and biomass data. The primers had equivalent leaf area, plant and fruit biomass as the water control for the CFF wilt inoculated plants. The EB 400 mg/l primer reduced SLA for the CFF inoculated plants. Both EB formulations increased aboveground water content in the CFF wilt inoculated plants. Multivariate tables revealed several significant correlations among leaf architecture, plant tissue water content, and biomass growth parameters for the EB primers and the water control treatment for the two CFF wilt treatments. Re-allocation of plant resources from plant growth to plant defenses due to chemical primers were estimated and discussed to determine the tradeoffs between plant yield and enhanced plant defenses. The three articles in this study show that chlorine dioxide primers can initiate a series of ROS and salicylic acid signals. This interplay of ROS signals and salicylic acid signals generated by the chlorine dioxide primers activates a long-term SAR response that protects plants against future pathogen attacks. In addition, interaction of the ROS and salicylic acid signals activates a suite of defense mechanisms that provide universal, multifaceted plant immunity that can be sustained across a crop season.
Simulations in Science and Engineering for University Education
Authors: Bejarano Ferdinand Ceballos- , Bejarano Edison Ceballos- , Bedregal Asencio Huaita- , Choquecahua Ariosto Carita- , Cansaya Segundo Ortiz- , Carreño Franyelit Suárez- , López José Calizaya-
Published: August 2023

In this paper, the strategies and tests that guarantee a reliable solution of partial differential equations (PDE) solved with the finite difference method are proposed. The elements to be considered are presented so that the solution of equations in partial derivatives is the closest to reality. The experience of the proponents and previous work play an important role in validating simulations in science and engineering problems. A series of tests are proposed that must be carried out to validate and make the simulation results reliable, due to the fact that the selection of the finite difference scheme, the initial data, the boundary conditions and the restrictions in the time step, the stability and convergence of the solution cannot be guaranteed a priori. There are situations in which the solution is stable but converges to values ??that have no physical meaning. To illustrate the strategies and tests inherent in a simulation, such that the solutions can be trusted, the 3D wave equation (three spatial dimensions and one temporal dimension) is solved numerically, by implementing a code in FORTRAN 90, implementing a scheme finite difference to second order approximation. The stability and convergence of the solution are studied according to the schemes proposed in this research, in such a way that the results are reliable, and guarantee the possible practical implementation of the solutions. Finally, the evolution of the scalar field for different times is shown, validated with the principle of conservation of energy. The strategies implemented in this work to guarantee the reliability of the simulations are also valid when solving EDP problems with neural networks, genetic algorithms and other intelligent computing techniques.
Game-based Instructional Effectiveness of Pancasila and Citizenship Education to Increase Student Engagement in Learning
Authors: Hidayat Otib Satibi , Husein Fahri , Widyaningsih Vita , . Juniar , Soleh Dudung Amir
Published: August 2023

This research is development research using a gamification model that combines games, aesthetics and thinking skills to attract attention, engage, motivate, promote an instruction, and solve problems. This shows that learning media facilitates the interaction of teachers and students in the learning process and is one of the factors supporting the success of learning objectives. Data collection techniques were obtained through literature and field studies by gathering relevant theories and research, observation, interviews, and questionnaires. The research method that will be used in this study is the ADDIE model research and development method and will be planned for one year. This research will be conducted in public elementary schools. At this stage the aim of this research is (1) display suitability (2) media effectiveness (3) language suitability (4) suitability. The results of the study show that students are involved in fun games so that instruction is very fun and increases engagement in learning.
Sociodemographic Factors Associated with Positive Mental Health in the Peruvian Population
Authors: López José Calizaya- , Vilca Yaneth Alemán- , Quico Miguel Pacheco- , Fernández Claudia Rivera- , Chávez Laura Karina Cervantes- , Villanueva Sixto Jhon Arapa- , Añari Marcio Soto-
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Positive mental health is a construct associated with the subject's well-being in the community, so its study should include the sociodemographic characteristics where it develops. The objective of the research was to analyze positive mental health according to sociodemographic variables in residents of Arequipa, Peru. Method: A non-probabilistic sample of 3,932 participants was used. The Positive Mental Health Scale developed by Lluch and adapted to the Arequipa population by Calizaya and others was used. Generalized linear models (GLM) were used to associate Positive Mental Health factor scores with sociodemographic variables. Results: It was found that the sociodemographic factors of occupation, marital status, family type, age, educational level, work, and belonging to a nuclear or single-parent family were significantly associated with the factors: adaptability, personal satisfaction - autonomy and frustration tolerance, as well as with the global score of Positive Mental Health. Conclusion: Positive mental health is associated with sociodemographic factors linked to marital status, family structure, and education.
The New Norms of Cosmetic Surgery among Youth in Malaysia
Authors: Kaur Parveen , Jawaid Arif , Qian Ching Jia , Yee Leong Shue , Nie Lisa Tan Hui , Sian Tee Pei , Wen Teoh Yik
Published: August 2023

Aesthetics is a complex concept that makes it hard for humans to define beauty. Beauty is a relative term and varies from person to person. The desire to be beautiful is natural among most human beings nowadays. The main objective to conduct this research was to study the views of cosmetic surgery among youth in Malaysia. The specific objectives were to explore the causes that drive youth to undergo cosmetic surgery, to find out the physical and psychological effects on youth who underwent cosmetic surgery and to analyse the acceptance of cosmetic surgery as a common norm and an accepted form of self-improvement. This research focused on youth who underwent cosmetic surgery, between the ages of 15 to 40 years olds in Malaysia. The qualitative method chosen for this research was face-to-face interviews on four respondents using open-ended questions to obtain real data. This study informed about diverse perspectives of beauty which were held by different people from various backgrounds. The factors that influence youth were mainly to enhance their appearance encountering the criticisms from public and to boost their confidence. However, the effects of doing so could be devastating as the risks are unpredictable. It is recommended that future research on this topic may include more respondents of diverse ages especially older men and women to find the extent of the factors.
Linguistic Shift among Ghanaian and Nigerian New English Native Speakers (NENS): Pedagogical Implications
Authors: Samuel A Babatunde, , Adebola O Adebileje
Published: August 2023

This study adopts a mixed-methods research design, incorporating both quantitative and qualitative data collection and analysis methodologies, to examine the proficiency of Non-Native English Speakers (NENS) in Ghana and Nigeria with respect to language concord usage. The research focuses on individuals who utilize English as their primary means of communication. A total of four hundred students, equally distributed between Ghana and Nigeria, participate in the study. Quantitative data is acquired through the administration of a survey questionnaire, which explores participants' language backgrounds, patterns of language use, and competence in employing concord and tense structures in English. The overall percentages of correct responses for both countries are computed, yielding approximately 42.65% for Ghana and approximately 39.15% for Nigeria in concord performance. Notably, Ghana exhibits a marginally higher overall percentage of correct responses compared to Nigeria.  The findings of this investigation hold significant implications for pedagogy in both nations. To address the observed linguistic challenges in Ghana, the study advocates for the adoption of more communicative and task-based approaches to English language teaching, alongside an increased emphasis on authentic language exposure. The research underscores the pressing need for more effective pedagogical methodologies in instructing English concord usage. English language instructors in Ghana and Nigeria, as well as analogous contexts, are encouraged to acknowledge the identified challenges and devise strategies to enhance language concord instruction.
Vibration Analysis of Bidirectional Functionally Graded Porous Plates Using MITC3+
Authors: Hoang Nhan Thinh , Ho Thuan N.-T. , Pham Quoc Hoa , Van Tran The
Published: August 2023

The article presents the vibration behavior of bidirectional functionally graded (BDFG) porous plates using the new triangular 3-node element (a cubic bubble function for the interpolation of the rotations to enrich the bending displacements) which is called the MITC3+ element. The BDFG porous plates have material properties varying in two directions with even and uneven porosity distribution. Based on Hamilton’s principle, the motion equations for BDFG plates are derived. Then, some examples are performed to verify the accuracy and reliability of the proposed method. Finally, the new numerical results on the free vibration response of BDFG porous plates are provided.
Comparative Study on the Impact of Sand and Lime on the Physical and Mechanical Characteristics of Unfired and Fired Earth Bricks
Authors: Youcef Abimouloud , Youcef Bali , Abdelouahed Kriker
Published: August 2023

Earth bricks represent one of the most important and widely used building materials in current era, due to its unique physical and mechanical properties compared to other materials. Earth bricks are available in two main types: raw earth bricks and fired bricks. The physical and mechanical properties differ for each type, which affects their performance in various applications and their long-term durability. Several studies have been conducted to improve the properties of raw and fired bricks and address their weaknesses. In this research, we aim to investigate the effects of adding dune sand and lime on the physical and mechanical properties of raw earth and fired bricks, and compare the results. Sand was added by 25%, while lime was added by 0, 6, 8, 10, and 12% of the soil matrix weight. Initially, we determined the properties of the raw materials used. After creating the samples, they underwent tests for bulk density, longitudinal shrinkage, compressive strength, and flexural strength. The study revealed the positive impact of adding sand on the physical and mechanical properties of raw and fired bricks. It contributed to reducing the bulk density and longitudinal shrinkage of the samples, while increasing their compressive and flexural strength to varying extents. The results also showed the positive effect of lime on the physical and mechanical properties of raw bricks, as long as it was added at a ratio not exceeding 10%. However, the addition of lime to fired bricks affected the physical properties positively but it has a negative effect on the mechanical properties.
Occupational Hazards and Self-Reported Health Problems among Photocopy and Printing Workers at Assiut University, Egypt
Authors: Ibrahim Asmaa A. , Elmaghrabi Neama M. , Aty Naglaa S. Abd El –
Published: August 2023

Background: Photocopy and printing workers have a great chance of exposure to polluting materials and various hazardous substances that are harmful to human health. Objective: This study aims to assess occupational hazards and self-reported health problems among photocopy and printing workers. Design: Descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 163 workers at central printing press, including printing and photocopies offices of faculties, Assiut University. Methods: A structured questionnaire was administered through face-to-face interviews by the researcher. All respondents were interviewed during the period from first of February to the first of July 2022. It comprised four main parts Part One: Demographic and occupational data. Part Two: Self-Reported health problems of study participants. Part Three: Workplace environment at photocopy and printing offices. Part four: Studied workers' knowledge about occupational hazards and their knowledge about health risks associated with each hazard. Results: The study revealed that 89.0% of studied workers were male, 39.9% of them were aged from 40-50 years. Alongside, 89.6% of studied workers had poor knowledge about occupational hazards and health risks of each hazards. The most frequent muscle-skeletal problem among studied workers was back pain 36.2%. Approximately 9.8% complained from vomiting. Regarding respiratory problems, shortness of breathing was reported by 25.8% of the participants. About 10.4% of studied workers suffered from visual impairment. Also, 22.7% of participants complained from skin irritation. Conclusion: The study concluded that poor knowledge about occupational hazards, so they at higher risk for different work-related health problems.
Perceptions of Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Care for Children With a Respiratory Complaint
Authors: Ramgopal Sriram , Kapes Jack , Alpern Elizabeth R. , Carroll Michael S. , Heffernan Marie , Simon Norma-Jean E. , Florin Todd A. , Macy Michelle L.
Published: August 2023

OBJECTIVES

To evaluate caregiver opinions on the use of artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted medical decision-making for children with a respiratory complaint in the emergency department (ED).

METHODS

We surveyed a sample of caregivers of children presenting to a pediatric ED with a respiratory complaint. We assessed caregiver opinions with respect to AI, defined as “specialized computer programs” that “help make decisions about the best way to care for children.” We performed multivariable logistic regression to identify factors associated with discomfort with AI-assisted decision-making.

RESULTS

Of 279 caregivers who were approached, 254 (91.0%) participated. Most indicated they would want to know if AI was being used for their child’s health care (93.5%) and were extremely or somewhat comfortable with the use of AI in deciding the need for blood (87.9%) and viral testing (87.6%), interpreting chest radiography (84.6%), and determining need for hospitalization (78.9%). In multivariable analysis, caregiver age of 30 to 37 years (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 3.67, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.43–9.38; relative to 18–29 years) and a diagnosis of bronchospasm (aOR 5.77, 95% CI 1.24–30.28 relative to asthma) were associated with greater discomfort with AI. Caregivers with children being admitted to the hospital (aOR 0.23, 95% CI 0.09–0.50) had less discomfort with AI.

CONCLUSIONS

Caregivers were receptive toward the use of AI-assisted decision-making. Some subgroups (caregivers aged 30–37 years with children discharged from the ED) demonstrated greater discomfort with AI. Engaging with these subgroups should be considered when developing AI applications for acute care.
Leadless Pacemakers: Current Achievements and Future Perspectives
Authors: Vouliotis Apostolos Ilias , Roberts Paul R , Dilaveris Polychronis , Gatzoulis Konstantinos , Yue Arthur , Tsioufis Konstantinos
Published: August 2023

Despite the technological advances in pacemaker technology, the transvenous implanted leads are still considered the Achilles’ heel of this rhythm-control therapy. The leadless permanent pacemaker system was developed as an option to bypass the weakness of the transvenous approach. Advances in battery technology and deep miniaturisation of electronics now offer the opportunity to implant the whole pacemaker system into the right ventricle. This review aims to provide a comprehensive report on the advent of leadless pacemakers, their clinical usefulness and the future perspectives of this disruptive and promising technology. Further research is required before some of these technologies are safely and routinely used in clinical practice.
Marcas e funções do sobredestinatário em gêneros textuais diversos
Authors: Rocha Décio , Brasil A. Aguiar Denise
Published: August 2023

O artigo tem por objetivo oferecer uma visão do estado da arte dos estudos centrados no conceito bakhtiniano de sobredestinatário, entendido como o terceiro que garante tanto a plena compreensão do que diz o locutor, como também a possibilidade de uma compreensão em outros tempos e espaços. Dito de outro modo, o papel que cumpre o sobredestinatário é o de suprir as insuficiências do destinatário, superando a condição daquilo que se denominou “tirania do presente”. É também proposta do artigo oferecer não um modelo, mas um caminho de análise que se revele produtivo para a identificação desse sobredestinatário, procedendo à sua captação nos gêneros literário (Lucíola e Torto Arado) e acadêmico (blog de Luis Carlos Freitas sobre avaliação educacional). Com efeito, o sobredestinatário tem-se mostrado um conceito inovador do quadro de participantes da interação verbal, porém tem sido pouco explorado em artigos produzidos na área. A explicitação de marcas linguísticas para a sua captação constitui um território ainda largamente inexplorado, razão pela qual escolhemos aprofundar os debates referentes à materialidade linguística em que se inscreve o sobredestinatário como aporte teórico central deste trabalho. Desse modo, baseado metodologicamente em procedimentos de análise documental de ordem linguístico-discursiva, o artigo avança na investigação de tal materialidade, contribuindo com a visualização de novas funções do sobredestinatário: para além da plena compreensão e da explicitação de grupos de pertencimento, revela-se, dentre outras, sua função enquanto processo de melhoramento do próprio destinatário, ou ainda como interlocutor crítico do que se expressa nos textos, situação na qual supera as expectativas criadas pelo próprio locutor.
Effect of environmental parameters on the content and sugar composition of sulfated polysaccharides in some tropical seagrass
Authors: Nguyen Vy Xuan , Nguyen Nhat Nhu Thuy , Nguyen Xuan Thuy , Le Ho Khanh Hy , Pham Duc Thinh , Dao Viet Ha
Published: August 2023

Seagrasses are a paraphyletic group of marine angiosperms that evolved three to four times from land plants and returned to the sea. Halophila ovalis, Thalassia hemprichii and Enhalus acoroides (Hydrocharitaceae) are species that can occur in wide salinity ranges. Sulfated polysaccharides (SPs) comprise a complex group of macromolecules with many critical biological functions. We assume that SP may play a role in salt tolerance in seagrass. In this study, three seagrass species collected in both rainy and dry seasons from the fields were analyzed to determine the total SP contents and different functional groups of SP. Quantification of total SP was done by photometric assays. High-performance anion-exchange chromatography with Pulsed Electrochemical Detection (HPAEC) determined different functional groups of SPs. The results indicated higher total SP contents in seagrass are present in plants at higher salinities and environmental temperatures. The percent of functional groups of SPs are present in the following order: glucose > galactose > arabinose > mannose > rhamnose > fucose. The order is not different between the two seasons.
Antibacterial activities and characteristics of some marine fungi strains isolated from Co To beach, Quang Ninh province
Authors: Le Thi Hong Minh , Nguyen Mai Anh , Vu Thi Quyen , Phi Thi Dao , Tran Van Hieu , Doan Thi Mai Huong , Pham Van Cuong , Vu Thi Thu Huyen
Published: August 2023

Resistance to pathogenic bacteria may lead to serious health problems. Scientists found that discovering novel antimicrobial compounds is possible by exploring rarely investigated environments. Therefore, this work focused on isolating and identifying some fungal strains collected from the Co To sea. We tested whether such strains can produce compounds with vital activities, including antibacterial and antifungal. The antimicrobial activity of the marine fungi crude extracts was performed by the Bioassay method in a 96-well tray. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) test results showed that 22 strains of marine fungi from samples with different geographic coordinates and 20/22 strains had antibacterial activity against at least two strains of microorganisms tested. The biological evaluation revealed that strains M257 and M238 inhibited 4 to 5 tested strains with MIC values equal to or lower than positive controls. Using a BLAST analysis in the GenBank database, morphological comparisons of the two selected candidate strains with similar known species and phylogenetic analyses were conducted on the 18S rRNA gene regions, and maximum likelihood revealed that M257 belongs to Talaromyces genus, and M238 belongs to Aspergillus penicillioides. The isolates were analyzed in a phylogenetic tree based on MegaX software.
Educación física: fundamentos claves para el diseño curricular
Authors: Barros Cabarcas Yeiro David
Published: August 2023

El aporte de este trabajo investigativo está dirigido hacia el análisis de los fundamentos conceptuales para el diseño curricular en educación física, recreación y deportes emitidos por el ministerio de educación nacional de Colombia. Para comprender este tipo de elementos se toma como base las definiciones propuestas por el ministerio de educación de Colombia tales como educación física, corporeidad, motricidad, lúdica y juego, practicas educativas del área que servirán de asiento para el diseño curricular del área.  Estos conceptos permitirán tener una perspectiva global tanto para estudiantes de pregrado y profesores del área que realizan su actividad docente en disímiles contextos educativos. Todo lo anterior servirá como referente para la formación de estudiantes universitarios y también para los docentes en ejercicio de la práctica profesional docente para su reflexión y toma de posición en sus concepciones de prácticas pedagógicas en los contextos educativos.
NIVELES DE SEDENTARISMO EN LOS JÓVENES ENTRE 17 A 25 AÑOS, RESIDENTES EN LA CR 4 # 45D DEL BARRIO BUENOS AIRES DE BARRANQUILLA
Authors: Contreras Jauregui Fabian Andres , CORRO MARTINEZ MIGUEL ANGEL , PEREZ NAVARRO ROSEMBERG , DUQUE CEBALLOS YEIDER DAVID
Published: August 2023

El presente trabajo de grado es una investigación descriptiva, en la cual se pretende obtener, determinar y establecer los niveles de sedentarismo de los jóvenes entre 17 a 25 años de edad residentes en el barrio Buenos Aires, específicamente en la carrera 4 con calle 45 D en la ciudad de Barranquilla. Mediante observaciones a la población objeto de estudio, se evidenciaron niveles de sedentarismo por medio de su estilo de vida, el poco ejercicio físico realizado y las condiciones de obesidad. Estos fueron confirmados por los resultados obtenidos del test de (Pérez, Rojas; García), en el cual se midió el nivel de sedentarismo de las personas que lo realizaron, desarrollado por todas las personas pertenecientes a la muestra de la investigación. Los resultados fueron analizados y expresados en tablas, gráficas y posteriormente descritos, buscando un mayor entendimiento de la información arrojada por el test. Este sirvió como orientación para la creación de la propuesta, y la motivación de la población a disminuir los niveles de sedentarismo y que los próximos investigadores se adentren a seguir con el proyecto.
ESTRATEGIAS PROPIOCEPTIVAS KINESTÉSICAS EN EL TENIS DE MESA PARA LA EFECTIVIDAD EN LA EJECUCIÓN DEL BLOQUEO LATERAL DE BACKHAND
Authors: BERNAL JUAN , ORTIZ PIMIENTA IVAN DAVID
Published: August 2023

El presente trabajo surge ante la necesidad de ofrecer una alternativa pedagógica que integren de manera eficiente estrategias adecuadas en el proceso de la preparación de acciones motrices en el tenis de mesa, en congruencia con el desarrollo de las habilidades propioceptivas kinestésicas en los jugadores de dicha disciplina deportiva, buscando con ello innovar en las técnicas practicadas y realizadas a lo largo de los años de práctica de los jugadores participantes.

Se aplicaron estrategias kinestésicas a una muestra de tipo no probabilística (n=14) en jugadores de tenis de mesa pertenecientes a la selección masculina UIS, con edad 21, 3+-3, años de práctica 6+-4, durante 12 semanas, 6 sesiones por semana, en el cual se hace énfasis en la realización de ejercicios propios para el desarrollo de habilidades kinestésicas generales y específicas para el tenis de mesa; sustentados en diferentes análisis bibliográficos, los resultados estuvieron enmarcados dentro del análisis estadístico con resultados satisfactorios.

Para determinar la significancia del estudio se basó en un p menor igual 0,05 aplicando estadística descriptiva (media y desviación estándar), los resultados obtenidos muestran una diferencia significativa entre el pre - test y el post - test después de aplicada la metodología propuesta. Se pudo constatar entonces una mejora la efectividad en el bloqueo lateral de backhand ante ataques de top spin de forehand de  velocidad y una ejecución importante en quienes participaron del grupo experimental.

El resultado y comprobación de hipótesis es muy importante para tomarse en cuenta a la hora de proponer dichos ejercicio en pro de mejorar los juegos de tenis de mesa y generar expectativas positivas en quienes realizar este tipo de actividades.
CONOCIMIENTO PROFESIONAL DOCENTE: UN BREVE RECORRIDO HISTÓRICO
Authors: BARROS CABARCAS YEIRO DAVID
Published: August 2023

La contribución de este trabajo investigativo se concentrará en el recorrido histórico que han tenido los estudios en educación, su relación con los tipos de investigación y los paradigmas a los cuales han dado origen dentro del horizonte de las ciencias humanas. Todos estos cambios de pensamiento se han visto evidenciados en las practicas pedagógicas que  estuvieron dirigidas en un principio hacia la el proceso enseñanza-aprendizaje, de una parte, enfocada en la didáctica de la ciencias, y en otra hacia el aprendizaje del estudiante, ya hacia la década de los años ochenta el interés estuvo centrado en el pensamiento del profesor surgiendo nuevas categorías de análisis: desde lo que saben hasta lo que deben saber en su conocimiento profesional y su producción de saberes desde su práctica pedagógica como lo plantea (Perafán, 2015).
LA INVESTIGACIÓN CIENTÍFICA EN EL CONTEXTO DE LA EDUCACIÓN FÍSICA ECUATORIANA
Authors: CAJILIMA BRITO HUGO ANDRES , CORONEL ROSERO CLAUDIO XAVIER , ASMAL GUAMAN MARIA ELENA
Published: August 2023

La investigación científica en el contexto de la Educación Física es un tema de gran interés. El objetivo fue sintetizar los elementos teóricos y metodológicos de la investigación científica en el contexto de la Educación Física ecuatoriana relacionados con las categorías: i) Metodologías activas para la educación física; ii) El Currículo de Educación Física y el Covid-19; iii) La Calidad de la Educación Física, publicados en los últimos cinco años. Se siguió una metodología de tipo  descriptiva-analítica basada en la utilización de métodos teóricos y en la Revisión Sistemática de la Literatura, bajo los criterios de inclusión previamente definidos. Dentro de las bases de datos consultadas se encuentran: Scopus, latindex, Dialnet, Google Académico, las cuales permitieron identificar un total de 638 artículos, relacionados con el tema. 1.De la totalidad de investigaciones consultadas se seleccionaron 6, siendo estos considerados altamente potenciales para la investigación al cumplir con la totalidad de los criterios de inclusión determinados. 2. Se sistematiza la importancia de la investigación científica en el contexto de la Educación Física ecuatoriana, develándose la necesidad de continuar profundizando en ello para aportar soluciones concretas a los problemas concernientes a la Educación Física en Ecuador.  3. Se resalta la innovación, capacitación y creatividad docente como elementos fundamentales para la correcta contextualización de la enseñanza de la Educación Física según el perfil de salida del bachiller ecuatoriano. Existen un abordaje significativo en el contexto internacional y nacional en cuanto a las investigaciones científicas en Educación Física con enfoques y metodologías diversas desde el 2016 hasta la actualidad. En Ecuador se destaca que estos estudios responde a la transformación constante en el área, generada entre otros aspectos por la implementación del Currículo de Educación Física en 2016 lo que evidencia los avances logrados reafirmando la necesidad de continuar investigando en Educación Física.
LA PRAXIS PEDAGÓGICA EN EDUCACIÓN FÍSICA COMO FUNDAMENTO DE APRENDIZAJES SIGNIFICATIVOS.
Authors: LUCERO VELEZ DORIS GARDENIA , ZUÑIGA GRANDA CRISTIAN FABRICIO , CHERREZ CARDENAS ROLANDO
Published: August 2023

Un aspecto importante en el proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje es el enfoque con el cual el docente imparte sus clases, es decir la manera de facilitar la construcción del aprendizaje en los estudiantes. En este sentido entra en debate la praxis pedagógica del docente de educación física y su incidencia en la calidad de los aprendizajes, y la significación que den los estudiantes en contextos no educativos. De aquí que, la presente investigación busca sistematizar los elementos teóricos - metodológicos sobre la importancia de una praxis pedagógica en las clases de educación física como fundamento para construir aprendizajes significativos en los estudiantes. La investigación siguió una metodología descriptiva, no experimental, con la utilización de métodos teóricos y la RSL (Revisión Sistemática de Literatura); todo ello permitió realizar una indagación bibliográfica en bases de datos notables. Se logró consultar un total de 13 fuentes, determinándose 9 como estudios potencialmente relevantes. El análisis se realizó bajo 3 criterios transversales: praxis pedagógica en la educación física, aprendizajes significativos en educación física y la praxis pedagógica en educación física como fundamento de aprendizajes significativos en educación física. La revisión sistemática de la literatura (RSL) permitió acordar que, es necesario una reflexión seria sobre la praxis pedagógica del docente de educación física, como medio para mejorar la calidad de las clases en busca de potenciar aprendizajes significativos, además esta debe fundamentarse en modelos pedagógicos constructivistas, en estrategias metodológicas y didácticas basada en métodos activos e innovadores, logrando así pasar de un enfoque mecanicista a uno netamente educativo.