bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALYSIS OF THE MEDIATING ROLE OF COGNITIVE ABILITIES/ COGNITIVE STYLE IN DECISION MAKING OF THE ENTREPRENEURS WHILE APPLYING EFFECTUATION PRINCIPLES
Authors: ANNAM INAYAT et al.
Published: June 2023

One of the main concerns of researchers and educators, particularly in the entrepreneurship domain, has been identifying the mechanism through which cognitive abilities and cognitive style affect the behavior of entrepreneurs. This is because of the crucial role that entrepreneurial decision-making personnels play in inspiring and enabling people to establish for new venture. This research investigates the connection of Cognitive Abilities/ Cognitive Style with Decision Making of the Entrepreneurs while applying Effectuation Principles. The sample was composed of 1,112 entrepreneurs involved in entrepreneurial activities or running businesses from Pakistan, Sindh both urban and rural areas of Sindh Province, operating in different industries or doing home based business in small or medium size enterprises. Cognitive abilities’ mediating impact on effectuation principles and decision making of entrepreneurs is analyzed through simple regression and multiple regression with the help Baron and Kenny four step model. Furthermore, cognitive abilities mediate the relationship between entrepreneurial decision making and effectuation principles. Findings of the current study suggested that cognitive abilities are the strongest predictor of effectuation principles followed by entrepreneurs in their decision making.
BAWASLU ELECTRONIC ADJUDICATION: THE FUTURE OF INDONESIA’S ELECTION PROCESS DISPUTE RESOLUTION
Authors: SURAHMAN et al.
Published: June 2023

The Electronic Adjudication System is a system that can provide an effective, efficient and contextual dispute resolution process with the times. In 2024, Indonesia will hold general elections and simultaneous regional head elections which are scheduled almost simultaneously. Bawaslu as an election law enforcement agency is certainly not enough just to prepare human resources, but infrastructure and methods of examination are also important things to be addressed. This research examines, how is the utilization of the electronic system in resolving adjudication disputes in Bawaslu from an ius constitutum perspective? How is the utilization of the electronic system in resolving adjudication disputes in Bawaslu from the ius constituendum perspective? This research is normative research, using a statutory approach, conceptual approach and case approach. It is concluded that: first, the use of electronic systems under Bawaslu has in principle been implemented but is still limited to receiving dispute requests. Second, E-Ajudication is enforced by developing the SIPS system along with putting the legality of its use in the provisions of Article 468 of the Election Law and Article 25 of Perbawaslu Dispute Resolution. Then with the enactment of E-adjudication, evidence in the form of electronic documents becomes the main evidence in the settlement of nomination disputes.
FACTORS AFFECTING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF TRAINING AND RETRAINING VIETNAMESE CIVIL SERVANTS
Authors: KIEU QUYNH ANH et al.
Published: June 2023

Training is frequently cited as the primary policy strategy to increase the caliber of the civil service contingent in each nation's civil service activities. Despite several variances in the content and methods of educating and retraining civil servants, all countries strive to develop a team of civil servants with strong working abilities to meet the demands of serving the state and the people best. The reality demonstrates that the training and retraining of civil servants are not always as efficient as intended, as it is influenced by numerous elements to which agencies and the state must give attention while implementing such tasks. In this paper, the author examines two factors that directly affect civil servants' training and retraining: state agency training and retraining policies; and civil servants' awareness of and attitudes about training and retraining activities. Based on the theoretical framework that was developed, the author conducted a direct survey of 300 leaders of local government agencies at the commune level in five provinces that represent three regions of Vietnam: Tuyen Quang, Ha Giang (Northern provinces), Nghe An (Central province), Dong Thap, and Long An (Southern provinces). According to research findings, local leaders underestimate the knowledge and skills that civil servants acquire through self-training, retraining, updating, and supplementation. It demonstrates that they do not have a strong understanding of or attitude toward training and retraining operations. From the research findings, the author offers some recommendations for local authorities to consider while researching and modifying training and retraining policies appropriately to improve the quality of civil servants and provide better services to the general public.
HARMONIZATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL LEGAL POLICIES WITH BANKING REGULATION IN INDONESIA
Authors: VIVI SOFIANI et al.
Published: June 2023

The banking industry plays a crucial and strategic part in efforts to manage and safeguard and take care of the earth. The bank's performance in environmental protection can be achieved by involving the purpose of preserving the environment of life in its business activities, one of which is through the provision of environmentally sound loans. These financial institutions must put forward the sustainable development goals. The current problem is that there is no regulatory firmness that specifically regulates the synergy between environmental law and banking law in a standardization of compliance of banking business activities, especially in the arrangement of environmentally sound lending and borrowing agreements. Therefore, researchers conduct research with the normative legal approach method by collecting primary, secondary and tertiary data using the rules and regulations in laws, books, journals, both the internet. This paper aims to examine the harmonization between environmental law in banking activities, suggest it to the Indonesian Financial Services Authority as well a concept of harmonization and synchronization of banking and environmental regulations by applying sustainable finance principles in a regulation internal banking credit policy.
HISTORICAL STUDY OF THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC SYSTEM OF ANCIENT INDUS CIVILIZATION
Authors: SHAKEELA IBRAHIM et al.
Published: June 2023

Primarily this is an analytical study and it deals with ancient Indus Civilization. Historically the ancient Indus valley is considered one of the most developed civilizations of its contemporary civilizations of the time as in the surrounding of other civilization i.e. the Egyptian and Mesopotamian civilizations. In North-western of India the people of Indus valley were more aware and well-known from the socio-economic dynamics and they introduced the new pattern of life based on urban manners. The socio-economic life of the people was glorious as compared to other areas. The sound socio-economic system promoted the life standard of the people and the major cities of this civilization considered the centers of trade in India as Multan, Harappa near at Sahiwal and Mohenjo-Daro near at Larkana presented a well-developed socio-political and economic condition of the valley. This study is a brief discussion on the socio-economic pattern of Ancient Indus Valley Civilization how it had a remarkable place in the world. The Paper explores and highlights socio-economic norms, traditions and sources of economy which uplifted the standard of the life of people in Indus Civilization. This article focuses ethnographic research method to find the targeted objectives.
ASPECT AND SPECIAL DISTINCT NATURE OF CYBER BULLYING
Authors: AHMAD MOHAMAD ALOMAR et al.
Published: June 2023

The phenomenon of cyber bullying has recently emerged, and it has grown due to the steady increase in the use of the Internet and social networking sites especially among young people and adolescents, especially university and high school students.

especially among young people and adolescents, especially university and high school students. The research attempted to study the main problem regarding the reality of cyber bullying, and whether it has an individuality and a special nature that distinguish it from what might be suspected, following the descriptive and analytical approaches.

The research concluded that cyber bullying is a form of traditional bullying, but it is distinguished from it by the electronic means by which it is carried out, and that there is no unified and stable concept in  jurisprudence and legislation, of cyber bullying, yet any accurate definition of it must include three elements; the behavior in which it occurs, the means through which is committed, and the end that the offender aims to achieve. Cyber bullying has a special nature and subjectivity, which is embodied, on the one hand, in the electronic violence that characterizes it, represented by the ability of the bully to hide and appear under pseudonyms, which leads to an imbalance of power between the bully with greater technical experience and the technically weaker victim, and, on the other hand , in the concept of systematic and repetitive behavior, as the bully himself does not necessarily contribute to the repetition of bullying behavior, but rather it is possible for him to repeat this behavior by others, by sending it or directing it to other people.

The research concluded by suggesting the necessity of imposing effective censorship on electronic communication sites, obligating those in charge of them to ban the accounts of those who return to practicing cyber bullying through them, and enacting the necessary laws to criminalize and punish cyber bullying behaviors, including electronic harassment and prosecution.
ROLE OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING AMONG CAREGIVERS OF CHILDREN WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS IN MELAKA, MALAYSIA
Authors: SYAHRINA HAYATI MD. JANI et al.
Published: June 2023

The concept of emotional intelligence (EI) and psychological well-being is gaining more important as it is believed that caregivers of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) who can achieve higher EI and greater psychological well-being will be more effective in caring and parenting children with ASD.  This study aimed to explore the level of agreement on the EI and psychological well-being among caregivers of children with ASD in Melaka, Malaysia.  The study employed an exploratory descriptive survey methodology, which involved a sample of 99 caregivers from selected children development centres.  The participants were selected using a simple random sampling technique.  The research employed a survey instrument comprising of questionnaires that have been adapted to include the items featured in the Schutte Self-Report Emotional Intelligence Test (SSEIT).  Meanwhile, the psychological well-being instrument was adapted from Ryff Psychological Well-Being Scale (RPWBS).  Findings revealed that the highest mean on the level of agreement of EI was recorded for facilitating emotions.  Meanwhile, the highest mean on the level of agreement for psychological well-being was for the component of purpose in life.  As all the mean scores are above 4.00, it is concluded that they are all equally important to ensure greater EI and psychological well-being among caregivers of children with ASD.  The findings in this study are envisaged to guide stakeholders and policy makers to provide program support for parents to share experiences and provide support among those caregivers of children with ASD.
EDUCATIONAL COOPERATION BETWEEN VIETNAM AND LAOS IN THE CONTEXT OF THE MEKONG SUBREGION’S DEVELOPMENT
Authors: DINH TRUNG THANH et al.
Published: June 2023

This research attempts to explain the cooperation between Vietnam and Laos from the viewpoint of theories of international relations. The scope of this research is the field of education of Vietnam and Laosfrom 2011 to 2020. By combining two research methods, including qualitative and historical-logical method, the article clarifies obtained outcomes in two main aspects of the cooperation, namely education, training of personnel and development of education infrastructure, and shows limitations of the cooperation at the same time. Thereby, the article proposes some suitable policies for Vietnam, with a view to improving the efficiency of the cooperation between Vietnam and Laos, in the context of Vietnam’s international cooperation for the development of the Mekong Subregion.
HOW DOES THE RIGHT TO WORK OF FOREIGNERS IN VIETNAM CHANGE IN EMPLOYMENT CONTRACTS UNDER THE NEW LABOR CODE?
Authors: LE HO TRUNG HIEU et al.
Published: June 2023

In recent years, the increasing number of foreign employees in Vietnam has positively influenced the domestic labor market. According to theDepartment of Employment of Vietnam statistic by April 2021, there are 101,500 foreign employees, including about 85,000 people with work permits and nearly 16,000  peopleexempted from work permits. In addition, the market has witnessed a diversity of nationalities with more than 100 different countries and regions. The transnational labor movement has a great contribution to the overall development of Vietnam. Therefore, to protect the right to work of foreigners in Vietnam and balance interests with employers, the government has updated and provided modifications on policies of foreign labor management, especially in the legal framework governing labor contracts under current domestic laws. On the basis of the survey, doctrinal, and comparative legal research, this article will evaluate and analyze amendments under the Labor Code 2019 regardingforeign labor contracts in Vietnam from practical perspectives.
CRISIS OF BALOCHISTAN EFFECT MENTAL HEALTH STATUS AND STIR LIFESATISFACTION OF SECTARIAN VICITMS
Authors: MAHREEN SIDDIQUI et al.
Published: June 2023

Present study aim is to investigate the mental health status and life satisfaction among victims of sectarian violence and their families of Balochistan cases. The study was conducted from Quetta city. Balochistan’s tribal and multicultural setup enriched and different people are living together.  From last two decades peace and harmony of the  province is disturb due to law and order situation and most of the   people are suffering   in  distress or mental health issues which directly affect their life satisfaction. Present study is an endeavor to investigate the mental health issues which were started due to sectarian violence. No significant research has ever been compiled to measure the degree of damages in Balochistan. Sample of the present study is comprised 200 male and female (Male= 100 Females = 100) of ages 20 to 40 years (M= 28.2, SD =2.04).Participants of the study were selected from victims and their families.  The measures were used: Personal information form, Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS; Diener, Emmons, Larsen, &Griffin, 1985) Depression, anxiety and stress Scale- 21 (Lovibond & Lovibond, 1995). Research data was statistically examined through Descriptive statistic andPearson Product Moment Correlation wasused to find out the effect of depression, anxiety and stress (DASS)and its relationship with life satisfaction. Results of the study were revealed that depression, stress and anxiety (r= .078) effect life satisfaction. Findings showed that sectarian violence of Balochistan is a massive cause of distress which is threat for harmony or solidarity.
ENTREPRENEURIAL PASSION AND ENTREPRENEURIAL PERFORMANCE: DUALISTIC MODEL
Authors: MUHAMMAD ABU BAKARIQBAL et al.
Published: June 2023

The fundamental objective of this paper is to produce a theoretical framework for understanding the relationship between the dualistic model of entrepreneurial passion and entrepreneurial performance. This framework draws upon the principles of the Self-Determination Theory and the Mood Maintenance Hypothesis. To gather information, a comprehensive review of existing conceptual and empirical literature on the subject was conducted, and the findings were synthesized. The results indicate that the association between dualistic model of entrepreneurial passion and entrepreneurial performance is distant. The proposed dualistic model of entrepreneurial passion directly influences entrepreneurial performance, while also exerting indirect effects that are sequentially mediated by factors such as entrepreneurial emotions, risk-taking, competitive aggressiveness, and escalation of commitment. The study presents a concise framework for regulating entrepreneurial passion and its impact on entrepreneurial performance. It expands the ontological understanding of the dualistic model of entrepreneurial passion, and there is a high likelihood that the framework will be validated through empirical research in the future. The practical implications of this study are significant, as it offers a comprehensive understanding of the link between entrepreneurial passion and entrepreneurial performance. This studycan be utilized to develop effective strategies and interventions in the field of entrepreneurship.
THE IMPACT OF ENTREPRENEURIAL ASPECTS, FAMILY FACTOR & UNIVERSITY ENVIRONMENT ON ENTREPRENEURIAL INTENTION
Authors: EZZ EL DIN AHMED CHIHA et al.
Published: June 2023

Purpose – The research aimed to explore the influence of university environment, family factor and entrepreneurial aspects on the entrepreneurial intention of universitiesstudents.

Design/methodology/approach – This research is based upon a questionnaire conducted to the students of Alexandria Universities.

Findings –The findings from this research revealed that, universities students perceived their entrepreneurial passion, university environment and family factor impacting their entrepreneurial intention, with a higher priority if compared to the variables of risk-taking and emotional intelligence, which they considered with no impact on their mentioned entrepreneurial intention; additionally, they thought that their self-efficacy served as a mediator, allowing their entrepreneurial passion to positively influence their entrepreneurial intention, however this latter mediatorwasn’t perceived to be affected neither by their planning nor innovation characteristics.
UNITED NATIONS CONVENTION AGAINST CORRUPTION AS A TOOL TO OVERCOME CASES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CORRUPTION
Authors: BIRKAH LATIF et al.
Published: June 2023

In an effort to eradicate corruption, countries including Indonesia have made efforts, one of which is by ratifying UNCAC through Law no. 7 of 2006. UNCAC is expected to complement the anti-corruption movement, which is still lacking from the regulation of the internal state regulations. This study aims to examine how UNCAC becomes a global instrument to prevent corruption and also to become a tool in overcoming specific corruption cases related to the environment. The method used in this study legal research normative. The results of the research show that the cases of corruption have a negative impact on the government and even the economy as well as on particular of environmental management of the state. The environment then becomes damaged and degraded by corrupt behavior that being driven by personal gain. Through this UNCAC instrument, it is hoped that law enforcement, both preventive and repressive in nature, will be able to overcome cases of environmental corruption that have harmed the state and society.
TRANSFORMATION AND TRANSACTIONAL LEADERSHIP FOR GAINING COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE: MEDIATING ROLE OF EMPLOYEE CREATIVITY
Authors: MURSHID MOHAMED OBAID BINTARISH ALMHEIRI et al.
Published: June 2023

Gaining competitive advantage is critical especially for the public service organizations. Several researchers are argued over competitive advantage with various aspects; however, employee creativity has gained relatively lesser attention by the researchers. Therefore, the purpose of the current study is to identify the mediating role of employee creativity between transformational and transactional leadership role and competitive advantage. In order to mee the objectives of the study initially the literature has been reviewed. Based on the reviewed literature, quantitative research methodology has been adopted to conduct this causal study. The data has been collected using the previously developed adopted instruments, ret reliability and validity of the instruments was ensured. The sample of 323 respondents was used to conduct structural equation modeling. The respondents were the employees of housing department of Sharjah. The findings confirmed the theoretical framework developed on the basis of reviewed literature and theoretical support of competitive advantage theory, situational leadership theory, and enterprise creativity theory. The results revealed that employee creativity holds a significant mediating influence between the meaningful relationship of transformational leadership and competitive advantage along with transactional leadership and competitive advantage. At the end of the study a few limitations and future recommendations are also mentioned with significance of the study.
DEMANDS FOR PRAYER IN THE BOOK OF TOK PULAU MANIS’ HIKAM LECTURES
Authors: MOHD AZRAI MOHD SALLEH et al.
Published: June 2023

The first act of worship required of Muslims is prayer, and this act will be rewarded in the hereafter. The development of a person's character will be impacted by not praying. Due to a lack of information, understanding, and awareness regarding prayer and its significance, society's moral breakdown and social issues are currently on the rise because of the imperfection of prayer. This study investigates Ibn Atha'illah's prayer advice, highlighted in the Book of Syarah Hikam Tok Pulau Manis. The study will look at three words of wisdom from this book that deal with prayer. This study employed a qualitative research design. Data was gathered through a literature review and analysed using content analysis to address the difficulties and study objectives. The study's findings demonstrate that prayer has the power to purify our hearts of sin and draw us nearer to Allah S.W.T. Since prayer is the closest act of devotion between the servant and the Creator, it is also a place to ask Allah S.W.T. for something. To address the social malpractice issue, which is getting worse, it is important to take these words of advice to heart. In conclusion, Finally, the prayers prescribed in the Qur'an are described in this book and supported by Qur'anic and Hadith passages.
UNSOLD HOUSES IN MALAYSIA: THE KEDAH EXPERIENCE
Authors: MOHAMAD SUKERI KHALID et al.
Published: June 2023

As Government planning and policy greatly influence the state of Malaysian housing industry, a proactive Government should always be mindful of its citizens’ needs for house ownership. However, meeting the Government’s housing targets requires full support from the private sector, because no Government in the world can provide housing to all of its citizens on its own. Therefore, collaboration between the Government and private sector is crucial, where both parties need to work together in order to maintain the housing industry on the right track. It is unfortunate that the issue of unsold residential properties has plagued Malaysia’s housing industry for a long time – a problem that has not seen any sign of decline from year to year. The unsold properties' problem is complicated by the issue of Bumiputera (Indigenous) lots - lots that can only be sold or leased to Bumiputeras, namely Malays, the Indigenous people, Sabahans and Sarawakians. The State of Kedah, located in the northern part of Malaysia, is not spared from facing this issue, where the number of unsold houses are high. This study analyses the issue of unsold residential properties on Bumiputera lots in the state of Kedah, with the aim of finding the best solution to the problem. In order to achieve the objective, this study employs institutional economics analysis that is based on formal institutions or formal written rules. In other words, the study is based on institutional perspectives whereby the underpinning approaches can be analysed from formal and informal rules. The Elite Group Interview technique was used for data collection in three districts namely Kuala Muda, Baling and Kulim. These districts were selected due to the high volume of unsold residential properties. Eight respondents who had more than 25 years of experience in the property industry participated in this study. The data collected was analysed based on four (4) themes, comprising laws, rent-to-own, reducing house prices, and taxes on vacant houses. Finally, since the data collected were qualitative data, the finding was explained descriptively. The finding showed that institutional perspectives can be applied in property research for identifying alternatives to overcome unsold residential properties in Kedah. It also reveals that the rent-to-own method was the agreed best solution for this issue. By adopting this method, the government can prevent the release of Bumiputera lots and maintain the quota for land ownership among indigenous people.
STRATEGIC EDUCATIONAL MANAGEMENT AND QUALITY OF EDUCATIONAL SERVICES IN PRIMARY SCHOOLS IN THE JOSÉ LEONARDO ORTIZ DISTRICT
Authors: LOLO AVELLANEDA CALLIRGOS et al.
Published: June 2023

The objective of this article was to analyze strategic educational management and the quality of the educational service in primary-level educational institutions in the District of José Leonardo Ortiz and to propose an action plan for measuring the quality of the educational service in this institution. It constitutes a documentary review of the theory that frames Strategic Educational Management, as well as a brief description of the main characteristics in the scientific production referring to the study of the Quality of Educational Service and Strategic Educational Management registered in the Scopus database during the period 2017-2021. The methodology implemented corresponds to a descriptive correlational propositional technique; since a proposal for the management of students’ potentialities to optimize educational administration and educational service in the Doctoral Program in Educational Sciences will be presented. As the main contribution of the research, a chronogram of the execution of the proposal is given, as well as the description of the main needs within education in the institutions indicated so that the implementation of the proposal given in this article is mainly sought.
AN ANALYSIS OF THE LAWS CONCERNING DIGITAL PRIVACY
Authors: ANIL KUMAR et al.
Published: June 2023

Both data protection and privacy are crucial components of internet governance. The Data Protection Act is a piece of legislation designed to safeguard individuals' privacy rights. One definition of privacy is the individual's right to manage and disseminate his or her own private information and data in accordance with his or her own goals and values. Numerous judicial decisions in India have elevated the right to privacy to the status of a fundamental right, and statutes have further codified the right as a legal one. The term "internet privacy" can refer to a wide range of issues and debates. The term can refer to both the rights an individual has to control their personal information and the infringements on those rights that occur when that information is transmitted over the Internet. The ever-changing nature of the internet has resulted in a never-ending slew of new privacy-related concerns and problems. Privacy protection in the digital sphere is crucial in the modern world because of the importance of safeguarding our personal information, financial data, sensitive information, online activity, and fundamental rights. To continue reaping the benefits of technological advancements without jeopardising our safety or giving up control of our personal information, it is crucial for individuals, businesses, and governments to take action to protect digital privacy. “The Personal Data Protection Bill, 2019 was introduced in the Lok Sabha on December 11, 2019, by Minister of Electronics and Information Technology Ravi Kumar”. In India, this occurred. The bill's stated goals include, first and foremost, the protection of personally identifiable information, and secondly, the creation of a Data Protection Authority to oversee that protection. This study aims to to examine views of Indian citizens regarding laws concerning digital privacy. For the sake of justification, total 240 respondents has taken through questionnaire by applying 5 point likert scale.
ZAKAT DISTRIBUTION MANAGEMENT AND POVERTY ISSUES: A STUDY IN THE STATE OF KEDAH
Authors: SOLAHUDDIN ABDUL HAMID et al.
Published: June 2023

The poor are known as asnaf and this group of people is often prioritized in the distribution of zakat. However, poverty remains a major issue in the country's socioeconomic development and continues to shackle the community. The study sought to identify the various issues of poverty among the poor asnaf, as well as  determine the mechanism used by the Kedah State Zakat Board (LZNK) to address these issues. Data were gathered through interviews with LZNK management representatives and the distribution of questionnaires to 400 asnaf who had received zakat assistance. The survey found that the majority of respondents were pleased with the value and duration of the assistance they received. However, the zakat received cannot lift them out of poverty. In theory, zakat distribution meets the asnaf’s daily needs, but in practice, they continue to be reliant on welfare. Hence, effective strategies are needed to address the poverty issues faced by the society.
EXAMINE THE LIBYAN HEALTH LAW'S SUFFICIENCY IN HOLDING HEALTH PRACTITIONERS ACCOUNTABLE AND REDUCING ERRORS
Authors: BASHER TAHER AHMED F. FRNANA et al.
Published: June 2023

The current study aims to conduct a review of the adequacy of Libyan health law to hold people accountable and reduce the errors of health practitioners, and the study population was represented by "all employees of Tripoli Medical Hospital and Zintan Court of First Instance," and the sample number reached 302 health practitioners. The researcher used the descriptive analytical method, and she attempted to answer the research's main question, which is "How a health practitioner can hold people accountable?" The researcher took into account the scientific criteria in selecting the sample, and the exploratory study was conducted to ensure the validity and stability of the study tool, in which he relied on the scientific questionnaire, and the researcher used the appropriate statistical operations relying on the SPSS programme in the process of analysing the results, also relying on the discussion of the results on the scientific, academic, and field references of the researcher related to the subject of the study. The results of the current study found that the participants in the study have confirmed that custom and habit are sometimes taken into account in addressing the errors of health practitioners, and these results obtained the highest degree of acceptance among the participants, while they were followed by the participants' assertion that there are internal regulations and laws in the Ministry of Health on which to base dealing with cases of medical errors, while the results showed that there is a practise of investigating cases of health practitioners' errors regardless of their cause from the participants' point of view, and who They further affirmed that the existing Libyan health law is not sufficient to punish the practises of health workers when they err and that accountability mechanisms are not accepted and satisfied. The results on the axis of the mechanism of assisting the Libyan health law in reducing medical errors also showed the importance of educating health practitioners in scientific seminars or educational lectures about the duties, obligations, and regulations imposed by the Libyan health law and the need to work on developing laws periodically in line with the developments and problems that occur in this field to protect the patient from medical errors and the law.
BEING POOR OR FEELING POOR: MULTIFACETED POVERTY AMONG LOW INCOME HOUSEHOLDS (B40) IN MALAYSIA
Authors: AZHANA OTHMAN et al.
Published: June 2023

The Eleventh Malaysia Plan 2016-2020 provides a unique consideration towards further improving the individuals’ economy particularly in raising the Income Generation Potential of the B40 households while guaranteeing the capital economy keeps on thriving. Numerous initiatives have been taken to promote the economic involvement of urban families, as well as the quality of life for rural households, including income-generating activities, the development of human capital, and microenterprise assistance programs. The present study investigated the multifaceted nature of poverty by focusing on objective and subjective poverty incidence among the low-income households in the context of zakat candidates. The data were gathered from a review of zakat candidates under the categories of poor and needy in the “State Islamic Religious Council (SIRC) of Melaka”, one of the states in Malaysia. The findings demonstrated that more individuals seem to feel poor than are categorized as such utilizing purely income-based actions.
A STUDY ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SUSTAINABLE STRUCTURE OF EMERGING SOCIAL ENTERPRISES TO ERADICATE IMPOVERISHMENT: THE REHABILITATION PARADIGM IN BANGLADESH
Authors: FAIRTOWN ZHOU AYOUNGMAN et al.
Published: June 2023

The objective of this study is to constitute a rehabilitation paradigm of sustainability of social enterprises to eradicate the impoverishment of Bangladesh by accumulation and anatomizing the germane mechanisms of rehabilitation. A sophisticated exploratory approach plays a significant role in measuring and ameliorating the functions of emerging social enterprises in society. Initially, assemble a conceptual framework of the pressing structures which impact straightaway the execution of impoverishment eradication based on pertinent theoretical foundations. Secondly, conduct questionnaires, interviews, and surveys to examine the effectiveness of various mechanisms on social enterprise for impoverishment eradication. Furthermore, the economic, social, and financial implementations of emerging social businesses intent on eradicating impoverishment are affected positively by the unique operational rehabilitation structures of governance, strategy, geographical area, and entrepreneurship. Thirdly, the approach of prime proportionate anatomize to evaluate survey data, and economic and social execution might evolve together under an inevitable accumulation of mechanisms. Eventually, the findings of the investigation directed the formulation of guidelines for strengthening and functioning Bangladesh's impoverishment eradication through the pressing rehabilitation structures of emerging social enterprises.
SANCTIONS FOR CHEMICAL CASTRATION ACTION IN INDONESIA
Authors: AHMAD JAMALUDIN et al.
Published: June 2023

The imposition of sanctions for acts of castration for perpetrators of sexual crimes is a policy to suppress sexual crimes, especially against children in Indonesia. There have been two convicts who have been sentenced and have permanent legal force with chemical castration sanctions. The policy of chemical castration is considered an inappropriate policy seen in the concept of the Indonesian sanctions system because it is oriented to retaliating against the perpetrators, the action sanctions should be oriented towards the perpetrators to be treated and rehabilitated so as not to commit the crime again. But the policy of the castration action. The government has given authority to doctors to carry out chemical castration for perpetrators of sexual crimes against children. However, the doctor through the Medical Ethics Honorary Council (MKEK) refused to be the executor on the grounds that it was against the Indonesian Medical Ethics Code. With the refusal of the doctor, it creates uncertainty over the court's decision which has permanent legal force.
BENEFICIAL OWNERSHIP TRANSPARENCY IN LAW ENFORCEMENT OF MONEY LAUNDERING ACT INVOLVING CORPORATIONS
Authors: YUSUP DARMAPUTRA et al.
Published: June 2023

Corporations have an important role in economic growth and national development. In corporate practice, there are times when committing criminal acts of money laundering that have a detrimental impact on the state and society. The corporation has the potential to become a means to commit criminal acts of money laundering with the aim of benefiting (beneficial owner). Thedistribution of beneficial owner information is an effort to realize corporate sustainability.  Consistency of beneficial ownership transparency is needed to ensure law enforcement of money laundering crimes involving corporations. The purpose of this study is to find the role of beneficial owners in  the misuse of corporations as a medium for money laundering crimes in Indonesia.  This research method uses a normative juridical approach that focuses on data collection techniques in the form of secondary data which is also supported by interviews. The research specifications are descriptive analytical, with literature studies and field studies being the research stage, then the data is analyzed qualitatively.  The results of the analysis show that  the position of beneficial owners in the corporation  can in practice control the corporation to carry out money laundering actions, which then the proceeds from the money laundering are enjoyed by the beneficial owner.  Transparency of  beneficial owner information is part of the framework of the principles of prevention and eradication of money laundering. Transparency of  beneficial owner information  can ensure the implementation of practices and concept development that is used as a means of orientation in the prevention and eradication of money laundering crimes involving corporations.
CIVIL SOCIETY PEACE EDUCATION: A PORTRAITOFTHE SUKOHARJO INTERFAITH COMMUNITYIN CENTRAL JAVA
Authors: AHYADI et al.
Published: June 2023

The presence of intolerant religious groups in MojolabanSukoharjo encourages civil society to voice harmony and peace. This research is a descriptive qualitative research with a sociology of religion approach. Data collection through direct observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. Its data analysis uses interactive analysis models including data reduction, data delivery, and conclusions. PSAP together with the interfaith communities of Pelita, Purwakanthi, and WaskithaSukoharjo as part of the civil society socio-religious movement that actively develops a culture of peace through continuous life dialogue with various activities. First, PSAP through the interfaith community actively builds communication and dialogue among religious people and advocates for humanitarian and religious issues at the lower levels of society. Second, PSAP becomes a space for interfaith community encounters with activities in it inserted discussions about religious, social, and cultural themes as a form of life dialogue. Third, PSAP and interfaith communities empower the community with the aim of building a peaceful and respectful life between religious people in Sukoharjo. Fourth, through peace education, it is hoped that the people of Sukoharjo can have a dialogue and experience firsthand the religious life of each religion. This peaceful education is expected to give them new experiences about religious life so that there is no prejudice and mutual suspicion. Peace education through the dialogue model developed by PSAP is a sustainable life dialogue by emphasizing an inclusive and even pluralist perspective towards peace in society. This perspective emphasizes religion as a social ethic and spirit for the transformation of society in the midst of the diversity that exists in Sukoharjo
DIGITAL EVIDENCE AS A MEANS OF PROOF IN CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS
Authors: OSCO ESCOBEDO MIGUEL ANGEL et al.
Published: June 2023

Digital evidence is information stored on a technological device that is propagated through cyberspace. The computer record is accessible by people, electronics, or computers and is collected from a digital device. The purpose of this investigation is to specify the correct treatment of digital evidence to be admissible within the judicial process, respecting guarantees and fundamental rights of people. Also identify the procedure for obtaining, preserving, analyzing, and presenting digital evidence before the Judge. This theoretical review of sources was prepared under the systematic verification methodology, usable in the Scopus, Ebscohost, Scielo, Core, IG Global, Ciencia Latina, Latindex, Jurn, Openaire, and Redalyc databases of advantageous configuration and in Spanish for the last 5 years. The exploration and review of scientific production were used, selecting the expressions of: "criminal process", "digital evidence" and "evidence". Based on the results obtained, the importance of the treatment of digital evidence as an instrument of proof is inferred, for the evaluation of the judge as an element of conviction in a criminal process. It is concluded that digital evidence has particular characteristics that distinguish it from physical evidence and procedural rules do not regulate its proper treatment, and are currently considered documentary evidence.
TEACHING MANAGEMENT SCALE OF META-REGULATED LEARNING IN LAW
Authors: MARYBEL ESTHER MOLLO-FLORES et al.
Published: June 2023

Students' deep reflection in their learning process is fundamental; however, there are still not enough advances on how teachers can promote this process in virtual and hybrid environments. The aim of the study was to design and validate the scale of teaching management of meta-regulated learning in ICT-mediated learning contexts. The sample consisted of 244 university teachers from Lima-Peru, and the statistical packages SPSS v26, AMOS v24 and R-Project v.1.2 were used. The reliability and validity analysis of the final construct was carried out by calculating Cronbach's alpha, the Omega coefficient, and the Theta coefficient. The results confirm that the original five-factor structure was re-signified into four final factors (teaching management of self-regulation, teaching management of meta-reflection, teaching management of collaboration and teaching management of metacognition). It is, therefore, a valid instrument because it captures specific teaching skills for the management of meta-regulated learning in students. It provides important information to teachers to implement preventive and intervention actions to improve students' intention to learn, as well as to evaluate their own teaching, considering that more research is needed to examine how students perceive various components in the process of learning to learn.
LICENSED FLESH TRADE- INTERNATIONAL AND DOMESTIC SCENARIO
Authors: SANGEETA BAGGA et al.
Published: June 2023

Prostitution is one of the world's oldest industries. The Roman verb prostituere, meaning "to expose in public," is whence we get our English word "prostitution." Prostitution, as defined by Merriam-Webster, is having sexual encounters with several clients in exchange for money. The Rigveda has the oldest known reference to prostitution in ancient India. Women who were frequented by many different males are described as courtesans and prostitutes in the Rig Veda. As males get linked with a young courtesan, so the brilliant Maruts (storm gods) are believed to have been associated with the youthful (lightning) in Rigveda. I.167.4. The custom of rulers presenting rishis with slave women as a gift is mentioned in the Rig Vedas. While prostitution was likely widespread in ancient civilization long before it was mentioned in written sources (a few decades after the Vedas). The bronze dancing girl from Mohenjo-Daro represents a holy prostitute working inside the confines of the mother-goddess temple during the time of the Indus Valley Civilization. In his work Arthashastra, Chanakya explains why a prostitute is successful and what she does for a living. State-regulated prostitutes, known as Ganika, generated huge sums of money for the government.There was a devadasi system earlier that used to contribute all her life in the devotion of Lord Krishna. They were highly respected by royals. Later they were called Nagarvandu i.e. Bride of the town they were called by royals to sing and dance. Later when British people came to India they changed to the concept of the previous system and introduced prostitution. British officers used to call Devadasi to perform art and from here it became the beginning for one night stand. The Indian Economy began to deplete and people started losing their means of livelihood women then started selling their bodies to the British officers in an exchange for money.
BALANCING RELIGIOUS TRADITIONS AND LEGAL NEUTRALITY: THE INDEPENDENCE OF INDONESIA'S CONSTITUTIONAL COURT
Authors: RIFQI RIDLO PHAHLEVY et al.
Published: June 2023

This article examines the independence of the Indonesian Constitutional Court in relation to religious issues, particularly regarding religious freedom and marriage regulations. Utilizing a socio-legal approach, the article analyzes five judgments and assesses whether the Court accommodates the aspirations of the religious majority while still maintaining neutrality. Results show that the Court's legal decisions tend to accommodate societal aspirations, but this does not necessarily indicate a lack of neutrality. The article asserts that the independence and neutrality of the judiciary are crucial in a rule of law state, and the Court must balance societal aspirations with its role as a legal decision-making body. The Court's independence should be evaluated based on the methodological consistency of its legal decisions. Overall, the article highlights the importance of judicial independence and neutrality in a rule of law state, with implications for Indonesia's Constitutional Court and other similar legal systems.
ASEAN CHALLENGES TOWARD SUPRANATIONAL ORGANIZATION
Authors: BAYU SUJADMIKO et al.
Published: June 2023

ASEAN has remained an intergovernmental organization based on consensus and non-interference in domestic affairs since its first establishment in 1957. Progress towards integration in this region has been slow. After facing criticism for its weak response to the Asian financial crisis, ASEAN decided to step up cooperation by forming ASEAN Community in 2015, a community based on three pillars: economic, political-security, and socio-cultural. ASEAN community building over many decades has made significant steps for deepening regional economic integration, seen as an approach to supranational integration. Supranational organizations are seen by many as a better way to govern the affairs of nations, prevent conflict and promote cooperation, particularly on economic matters. Because AC indicates ASEAN’s intentions to shift from intergovernmental toward supranational, this research will examine the ASEAN attempt to become a supranational organization. The research method used in this research is a qualitative method with legal and socio-legal approaches that focus on policies and regulations. Social, economic, and political perspectives are also used in this study as an analysis tool. This study found that despite making remarkable developments for deepening economic integration, ASEAN is unlikely to head into a supranational organization due to sovereignty preservation of member states as a basic fundamental principle of organization. However, this study concludes that supranational organizations could still become a reference for ASEAN’s future institutionalization.