bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Different Effects of Reversible Electroporation-Mediated Fe3O4@AuNPs Delivery as Radiosensitizing Agents on Cancer Cells versus Normal Cells
Authors: Hekmat Sanaz , Neshastehriz Ali , Kamalabadi Mahdieh Ahmadi , Eynali Samira , Ghaznavi Habib , Afjeh-Dana Elham
Published: April 2022

Aim: In the present study, we sought to enhance the efficacy of radiotherapy via increasing the cellular uptake of Fe3O4@AuNPs as radiosensitizing agents using reversible electroporation, attaining a higher sensitivity for cancer cells to therapy-induced damage. Methods: The KB human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line was treated with different concentrations of gold-coated magnetic nanoparticles. The cells then received electroporation (750[Formula: see text]V/cm, 8 pulses for a duration 100[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]s with 100[Formula: see text]ms intervals) and radiotherapy (6MV X-ray, 2[Formula: see text]Gy). Control groups were carefully considered to assess the pure effect of both single and combinational therapeutic protocols. The MTT test and flow cytometry assay using Annexin V-PI kit were performed to evaluate potential effects on cell survival rate and to determine the induced level of apoptosis. Additionally, cellular uptake of nanoparticles was assessed and quantified using ICP-OES analysis. Results: Our study showed that nanoparticles and the applied procedure of electroporation had no considerable effects when utilized separately, but their combined application induced significant cell death ([Formula: see text]45%) and apoptosis ([Formula: see text]17%). Besides, the application of Fe3O4@AuNPs in the presence of electric field, 24[Formula: see text]h before the radiotherapy of tumor cells enhanced the cancer cell death ([Formula: see text]53%) as well as apoptosis rate ([Formula: see text]33%). The same scenario was also observed with normal HGF human gingival fibroblasts, confirmed by significantly lower levels of cell death and apoptosis. Conclusion: It can be concluded that electric fields at low voltage levels may significantly and selectively enhance the entry of nanoparticles into cancer cells, thereby accentuating the sensitivity of these cells to nanoparticle-mediated radiation therapy.
Nanoscale Coordination Polymer Based on Bacterial Derivatives for Enhanced Radiotherapy in Neuroblastoma
Authors: Zhu Shichun , Wang Hairong , Lv Xinjing , Wang Jian , Zhao He
Published: April 2022

Neuroblastoma (NB) is one of the most common extracranial malignancies in children, accounting for 7–8% of childhood malignancies. As one of the main treatments for NB, radiotherapy is limited by various factors in clinics, such as the hypoxia microenvironment in tumor and serious side effects. Herein, we synthesized a kind of nanoscale coordination polymer denoted as Hf@DAP nanoparticles composed of hafnium ion (Hf[Formula: see text] and 2,6-diaminopimelic acid (DAP), one of bacterial derivatives. From the image of transmission electron microscope (TEM), nanoparticles had uniform dispersion. Furthermore, the hydrodynamic diameter measured by dynamic light scattering method was about 190 nm. In this structure, the Hf[Formula: see text] can enhance radiotherapy by effectively enhancing the function of X-ray, and the DAP was a biocompatible ligand for fabricating the nanoscale coordination nanoparticles. Furthermore, Hf@DAP nanoparticles were stable in various mediums and exhibited favorable biocompatibility in various cell lines in vitro. Cell viabilities were tested by cell counting kit (CCK-8) in vitro. There was no obvious cytotoxicity to normal cells, including NIH3T3, RAW264.7, and HUVECs, after incubation with Hf@DAP nanoparticles, indicating biocompatibilities of Hf@DAP nanoparticles. Additionally, a significantly enhanced radiotherapy effect was observed in the N2a cells, a kind of NB cell line, pretreated with Hf@DAP nanoparticles in vitro. The in vivo tumor growth was obviously inhibited in the mice with the combined therapy of Hf@DAP nanoparticles and X-ray, compared with PBS group, Hf@DAP group, and X-ray group. Furthermore, the survival time of the mice in the combined group was significantly prolonged, compared with PBS group. In addition, tissues structures of main organs, such as the lung, liver, spleen, and kidney in these mice, were ordered without the influence of Hf@DAP nanoparticles. Thus, this work proposed a potential radio-sensitizer for further clinical radiotherapy with limited side effects and high efficiency.
Finite groups with given properties of basic subgroups of fans of Sylow subgroups
Authors: Vasilyeva Tatsiana I.
Published: April 2022

Let [Formula: see text] be a hereditary saturated formation such that [Formula: see text] ([Formula: see text] denotes the class of all Sylow tower groups of type [Formula: see text]). In this paper, the concept of a fan of a subgroup of a group [Formula: see text], introduced in 1979 by Borevich, is used to prove that [Formula: see text] belongs to [Formula: see text]. We proved that a finite group [Formula: see text] if and only if [Formula: see text] and every basic subgroup of the fan of every Sylow subgroup in [Formula: see text] is [Formula: see text]-subnormal. We have also obtained that the group [Formula: see text] lies in [Formula: see text] if and only if all the basic subgroups of the fans of all Sylow subgroups in [Formula: see text] lie in [Formula: see text].
Power graph of a finite group is always divisor graph
Authors: Takshak Neeraj , Sehgal Amit , Malik Archana
Published: April 2022

The power graph is a special type undirected simple graph of a finite group G which has the group elements as its vertex set and two distinct vertices [Formula: see text] are adjacent if one is non-negative integral power of other. Vertex labeling of graph [Formula: see text] is a process of assigning integers to all its vertices subject to certain conditions. In simple words, vertex (edge) labeling is a function of all vertices (edges) to set of labels. Frequently, integers are used in labeling of vertices and edges. A graph [Formula: see text] is said to be divisor graph if all vertices of graph can be labeled with positive integers such that any two distinct vertices [Formula: see text] are adjacent if and only if either [Formula: see text] or [Formula: see text]. In this research paper, we prove that every power graph of finite group is always a divisor graph, but converse is not true.
The Seidel spectrum of two variants of join operations
Authors: Cheng Mei-Jiao , Cui Shu-Yu , Tian Gui-Xian
Published: April 2022

The Seidel spectrum of a graph is defined as the multiset of all eigenvalues of its Seidel matrix. For two simple connected graphs [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], let us denote the subdivision-vertex join and subdivision-edge join by [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], respectively. In this paper, we completely determine the Seidel spectrum and corresponding Seidel eigenvectors of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. As an application, we give a sufficient and necessary condition for [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] to be Seidel integral.
Comparison of the Properties of Additively Manufactured 316L Stainless Steel for Orthopedic Applications: A Review
Authors: Nabeel M. , Farooq A. , Miraj S. , Yahya U. , Hamad K. , Deen K. M.
Published: April 2022

Owing to the low cost, ease of fabricability, good mechanical properties, corrosion resistance and biocompatibility of the 316L stainless steel (SS), this material is considered a suitable choice for orthopedic applications. Based on its properties and large utilization in orthopedics, this review focuses on the importance of additively manufactured (AM) 316L stainless steel. Owing to the large flexibility of the additive manufacturing process, the microstructure of the 316L SS can be easily tuned to modify the mechanical, corrosion and biological properties. To elucidate the benefits of additively manufactured 316L stainless steel, the properties of the selective laser melted (SLM) 316L stainless steel and wrought 316L stainless steel are compared. Particularly, the unique features of the SLM 316L stainless steel have been discussed in detail. The existing challenges associated with the additive manufacturing processes and implications of their widespread application are also highlighted. A brief overview of the biological properties and reactions sequence of the host immune system, i.e. tissue response, the activation of acute and chronic inflammatory processes and immunological reactions, is also provided to understand the reasons for implant failure or rejection by the body.
RACE: One-sided RDMA-conscious Extendible Hashing
Authors: Zuo Pengfei , Zhou Qihui , Sun Jiazhao , Yang Liu , Zhang Shuangwu , Hua Yu , Cheng James , He Rongfeng , Yan Huabing
Published: April 2022

Memory disaggregation is a promising technique in datacenters with the benefit of improving resource utilization, failure isolation, and elasticity. Hashing indexes have been widely used to provide fast lookup services in distributed memory systems. However, traditional hashing indexes become inefficient for disaggregated memory, since the computing power in the memory pool is too weak to execute complex index requests. To provide efficient indexing services in disaggregated memory scenarios, this article proposes RACE hashing, a one-sided RDMA-Conscious Extendible hashing index with lock-free remote concurrency control and efficient remote resizing. RACE hashing enables all index operations to be efficiently executed by using only one-sided RDMA verbs without involving any compute resource in the memory pool. To support remote concurrent access with high performance, RACE hashing leverages a lock-free remote concurrency control scheme to enable different clients to concurrently operate the same hashing index in the memory pool in a lock-free manner. To resize the hash table with low overheads, RACE hashing leverages an extendible remote resizing scheme to reduce extra RDMA accesses caused by extendible resizing and allow concurrent request execution during resizing. Extensive experimental results demonstrate that RACE hashing outperforms state-of-the-art distributed in-memory hashing indexes by 1.4–13.7× in YCSB hybrid workloads.
Toward Involving End-users in Interactive Human-in-the-loop AI Fairness
Authors: Nakao Yuri , Stumpf Simone , Ahmed Subeida , Naseer Aisha , Strappelli Lorenzo
Published: April 2022

Ensuring fairness in artificial intelligence (AI) is important to counteract bias and discrimination in far-reaching applications. Recent work has started to investigate how humans judge fairness and how to support machine learning experts in making their AI models fairer. Drawing inspiration from an Explainable AI approach called
explanatory debugging
used in interactive machine learning, our work explores designing interpretable and interactive human-in-the-loop interfaces that allow ordinary end-users without any technical or domain background to identify potential fairness issues and possibly fix them in the context of loan decisions. Through workshops with end-users, we co-designed and implemented a prototype system that allowed end-users to see why predictions were made, and then to change weights on features to “debug” fairness issues. We evaluated the use of this prototype system through an online study. To investigate the implications of diverse human values about fairness around the globe, we also explored how cultural dimensions might play a role in using this prototype. Our results contribute to the design of interfaces to allow end-users to be involved in judging and addressing AI fairness through a human-in-the-loop approach.
The Economic Impacts of the US–China Trade War
Authors: Fajgelbaum Pablo D. , Khandelwal Amit K.
Published: April 2022

In 2018, the United States launched a trade war with China, marking an abrupt departure from its historical leadership in integrating global markets. By late 2019, the United States had imposed tariffs on roughly $350 billion of Chinese imports, and China had retaliated on $100 billion of US exports. Economists have used a diversity of data and methods to assess the impacts of the trade war on the United States, China, and other countries. This article reviews what we have learned to date from this work.
The Economics of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Poor Countries
Authors: Miguel Edward , Mobarak Ahmed Mushfiq
Published: April 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has upended health and living standards around the world. This article provides an interim overview of these effects, with a particular focus on low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Economists have explained how the pandemic is likely to have different consequences for LMICs and demands distinct policy responses compared to those of rich countries. We survey the rapidly expanding body of empirical research that documents the pandemic's many adverse economic and noneconomic effects in terms of living standards, education, health, and gender equality, which appear to be unprecedented in scope and scale. We also review research on successful and failed policy responses, including the failure to ensure widespread vaccine coverage in many LMICs, which is needed to end the pandemic. We close with a discussion of implications for public policy in LMICs and for the institutions of international governance, given the likelihood of future pandemics and other major shocks (e.g., climate).
Some Simple Economics of Stablecoins
Authors: Catalini Christian , de Gortari Alonso , Shah Nihar
Published: April 2022

Stablecoins have the potential to drastically increase competition and innovation in financial services by reducing our reliance on traditional intermediaries. But they also introduce new challenges, as regulators rely on intermediaries to ensure financial stability, market integrity, and consumer protection. Because they operate at the interface between traditional banking and cryptocurrencies, stablecoins also represent an ideal setting for understanding the key trade-offs cryptocurrencies involve, and insights from robust stablecoin design and regulation are highly relevant for related innovations in decentralized finance (DeFi), nonfungible tokens, and Web3 protocols. In this review, we describe the following: key stablecoin design choices, from reserve composition to stability mechanism; legal claim against the issuer; noninterference with macroeconomic stability; and interoperability with public sector payment rails and central bank digital currencies. Last, we cover the key benefits of stablecoins in the context of real-time, low-cost programmable payments, financial inclusion, and DeFi.
Theoretical Study of the Magnetic Properties of a Ferrimagnetic Graphene-Like Nanoribbon: Monte Carlo Treatment
Authors: Boughazi Brahim , Kerouad Mohamed , Kotri Abdelhadi
Published: April 2022

Monte Carlo simulation was used to study the magnetic properties of the zigzag graphene-like nanoribbon predicated on the ferrimagnetic (5/2,3/2) combined Ising system. The magnetic and thermodynamic properties curves induced by varying exchange coupling interactions and ion anisotropies have all been well studied. For several physical parameters, phase diagrams were provided. Values of exchange couplings and single-ion anisotropy thresholds, indicating whether the system has two compensation temperature points, have been determined. In addition, the impacts of different Hamiltonian parameters on the behavior of multiple-loop hysteresis were explored.
Thermoelectric Effect on Linear Array of Graphene-Based Materials Including Fullerene, Twisted Graphene, and Graphene Nanoribbon
Authors: Ahmadi Ramin , Ahmadi Mohammad Taghi , Sadeghi Hatef
Published: April 2022

Nowadays, graphene-based materials (GBM) have received huge attention from nanotechnology researchers, mainly owing to their potential applications in thermoelectricity. In the presented work a new approach to the geometrical effects of low dimensional GBM including fullerene, twisted graphene (TWG), and graphene nanoribbon (GNR) on thermoelectric properties are investigated. A liner array of GBM is considered and the transmission possibility of each array under quantum tunneling effect in each region is calculated. Additionally, the geometrical effects of the proposed array including the number of twists, fullerene diameters, and the number of dimer lines on the Seebeck coefficient and energy conversion efficiency (ZT) are discussed. Results clearly illustrate that the effect of twists number is dominant in comparison with fullerene diameter and number of dimer lines variation. Finally, a comparison study is performed, and the achieved results bring new hopes for utilizing the fullerene-TWG-GNR linear array in thermoelectricity.
The Influence of Zeolite on the Level of Mercury (Hg) And Chromium (Cr) in Adsorption Treatment
Authors: Sapta Dewi Yusriani
Published: April 2022

Various chemicals used in Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) analysis in laboratories produces highly acidic waste containing heavy metals, including mercury and chromium. The goal of this study is to analyze the influence of zeolite on changes in the level of mercury and chromium during adsorption treatment on waste containing heavy metals. The research was carried out with a completely randomized block design. The data was then analyzed using effectiveness formula and Completely Randomized Block Design ANOVA. As many as 50 samples were used in this study. The results showed that zeolite could reduce the level of mercury and chromium, with stirring time and the amount of zeolite used as the most influential factors. When 0.0017 mg l−1 of mercury was used, the environmental quality standard was achieved when 20 grams of zeolite was added, with a stirring time of 180 min. Meanwhile, when 0.4113 mg l−1 of chromium was used, only 5 grams of zeolite was needed, with a stirring time of 180 min, to reach the environmental quality standard for chromium. Variations in the amount of zeolite used and stirring time have a significant effect on the level of mercury and chromium in the waste, at a significance level of 5%.
Redesigning a face-to-face course to an asynchronous online format: a look at teaching pathophysiology with software that enhances student engagement
Authors: Halpin Patricia A.
Published: April 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic, while disruptive and abrupt, provided instructors opportunities to redesign face-to-face (F2F) lecture courses to an online asynchronous delivery mode. Asynchronous course delivery is often synonymous with recorded lectures, discussion boards, and standardized assessments, yet this mode can be student-centered, include active learning, and engage students. Our undergraduate clinical pathophysiology course was redesigned with Understanding Your Physiology (Lt by ADInstruments) lessons with video case studies in place of a textbook. Most students (72.7%) found the Lt activities effective in helping them learn the material as well as a cost-effective replacement for a traditional textbook (50%). In addition, the course design focused on different types of Lt activities to deliver the course content in an interactive way. Specifically, students (82%) appreciated the opportunity to select an answer without penalty and make another selection if needed. The type of activity that students selected as most effective in helping them learn and understand the content was the ability to determine which statements were correct/incorrect (32%). Students enjoyed the video case studies of patients because they were directly related to course content, were visually engaging, and used real patients who told their personal story. All these factors contributed to the success in achieving the study’s goals of redesigning a F2F lecture course to an asynchronous online format. The online course led to verifiable pedagogical outcomes of using the Lt platform to engage students in learning. This course was offered again in 2021, filled quickly, and will continue to be offered each year.
Inconceivable: assessment of teaching at the university level
Authors: Luckie Douglas B.
Published: April 2022

Although most colleges and universities use a scholarly, multifaceted, and data-rich methodology to evaluate a faculty member’s research, by comparison they are quite lacking in the way they evaluate teaching. We share advice from education experts for guidance at designing an ideal process “to evaluate teaching productivity as seriously as we do research” as well as an outline of a teaching rubric used to evaluate university faculty members.
The coronary vascular response to the metaboreflex at low altitude and during acute and prolonged high altitude in males
Authors: White Austin J. , Boulet Lindsey M. , Shafer Brooke M. , Vermeulen Tyler D. , Atwater Taylor L. , Stembridge Mike , Ainslie Philip N. , Wilson Richard J. A. , Day Trevor A. , Foster Glen E.
Published: April 2022

Coronary blood flow is regulated by both local metabolic signaling pathways and adrenergic activity in healthy humans. The integrated effects of these systems on coronary vascular physiology are not well understood. Using Doppler echocardiography, this study demonstrates that adrenergic stimulation caused by metaboreflex activation leads to greater reductions in coronary vascular conductance following acute high-altitude but not after prolonged high-altitude exposure.
Modeling V̇o2 on-kinetics based on intensity-dependent delayed adjustment and loss of efficiency (DALE)
Authors: Gløersen Øyvind , Colosio Alessandro L. , Boone Jan , Dysthe Dag Kristian , Malthe-Sørenssen Anders , Capelli Carlo , Pogliaghi Silvia
Published: April 2022

We propose and assess a new minimalistic integrated model for the V̇o2 on-kinetics, inspired by the currently available best evidence of the underlying mechanisms. We show that the model provides a similar fit as the conventionally used three-phase model, even though a stricter data fitting method is used for the proposed model. The proposed model clarifies misconceptions related to the V̇o2 slow component’s behavior, by clearly predicting that steady-state V̇o2 is attainable in the moderate and heavy exercise intensity domains. Furthermore, the model opens new possibilities for assessing oxygen cost during severe intensity exercise without the fallible assumption of time-constant energy-conversion efficiency.
Association between cardiorespiratory fitness and cerebrovascular reactivity to a breath-hold stimulus in older adults: influence of aerobic exercise training
Authors: DuBose Lyndsey E. , Weng Timothy B. , Pierce Gary L. , Wharff Conner , Reist Lauren , Hamilton Chase , O’Deen Abby , Dubishar Kaitlyn , Lane-Cordova Abbi , Voss Michelle W.
Published: April 2022

Earlier studies evaluating associations between cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) have demonstrated conflicting findings dependent on imaging modality or subject characteristics in individuals across a narrow range of CRF. This study demonstrates that CRF is nonlinearly associated with CVR measured by blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) fMRI in a large sample of middle-aged and older adults across a wide range of CRF, suggesting that conflicting prior findings are related to the range of CRFs studied.
Treadmill running increases the calcium sensitivity of myofilaments in diabetic rats
Authors: Greenman Angela C. , Diffee Gary M. , Power Amelia S. , Wilkins Gerard T. , Gold Olivia M. S. , Erickson Jeffrey R. , Baldi James C.
Published: April 2022

We examined the effects of training on the myofilament calcium in diabetic rat hearts. After 8 wk of treadmill running, both nondiabetic and diabetic cardiomyocytes had increased myofilament calcium sensitivity compared with their sedentary counterparts, but there was no effect of training on the phosphorylation or O-GlcNAcylation status of myofilament proteins measured in this study. These data highlight one potential mechanism capable of reversing, in part, reduced cardiac reserve in the diabetic heart.
Evaluation of the Pulp Oxygen Saturation Reading after Tooth Bleaching: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Neves Henriques Dilma Helena , Alves Ana Maria Hecke , Pottmaier Larissa Fernanda , Garcia Lucas da Fonseca Roberti , Bortoluzzi Eduardo Antunes , Teixeira Cleonice Silveira
Published: April 2022

Objectives. The purpose of this clinical trial was to evaluate the influence of in-office dental bleaching on the pulp oxygen saturation (SpO2p) reading. Material and Methods. SpO2p was measured using a pulse oximeter in 112 upper and lower anterior teeth (canines and incisors) of patients submitted to bleaching. Whitegold Office 35% (WGO) (upper and lower left hemiarch) and Whiteness HP Auto Mixx 35% (WHP) (upper and lower right hemiarch) bleaching agents were used. SpO2 measurements (teeth and index finger) were taken before and after each of the three application sessions of the agents. In the 4th session, in which no bleaching gel was used, only SpO2 was measured. Before and after the bleaching sessions, a colorimetric device performed the teeth color reading. The waiting time between sessions was 7 days. Data were analyzed by the Friedman, Kruskal–Wallis, and Mann–Whitney U tests (α = 0.05). Color change (ΔE) data were correlated (Spearman’s Rho test) with the SpO2p levels. Results. Neither of the two bleaching agents showed significant differences between the readings when evaluated individually (WGO,

P
=
0.780

, and WHP,

P
=
0.494

). When taken together, the results showed significant difference between the readings performed, with higher median values after bleaching sessions: before (97.3) and after (98.6) 1st session; before (98.3) and after (98.3) 2nd session; before (98.3) and after (99.0) 3rd session; and after 1 week (98.3). The dental groups formed by maxillary lateral incisors (

P
=
0.012

) and mandibular incisors (

P
<
0.001

) showed a significant difference. Spearman’s Rho test showed a nonsignificant and weak correlation between ΔE and SpO2p in most comparisons. Conclusions. The in-office dental bleaching influenced the SpO2p reading, regardless of the dental group evaluated or the bleaching agent used. Clinical Relevance. This study provides information about the influence of in-office tooth whitening on the pulp SpO2p levels. The observation of pulp vitality during and after the use of bleaching agents is important for the follow-up of patients undergoing tooth whitening. The use of a pulse oximeter may be a viable and painless alternative to perform this monitoring. The clinical trial was registered with the Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (ReBEC; registration number: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/RBR-68xbth).
Appearances Are Deceptive: Two Case Reports in Teenagers on the Conservative Laparoscopic Surgery for Adnexal Torsion with Apparent Infarction
Authors: Jayawardane A. , Patabendige M. , Gunathilaka C.
Published: April 2022

Introduction. Torsion of the ovary, tube, or both is estimated to be responsible for 2-7% of all gynaecological emergencies. Oophorectomy is commonly performed for adnexal torsion with a possible negative impact on fertility in women of reproductive age. Case Presentations. We report two cases of teenage girls presented with adnexal torsion describing their laparoscopy features. Detorsion without additional surgical intervention could save their ovaries. Discussion. Detorsion is a more conservative surgical approach that should be considered in all younger women with ovarian torsion.
Mechanical Behaviour of Alkali-Treated Fabric-Reinforced Polymer Matrix Composites
Authors: Gift M. D. Mohan , Mantri Shivkumar , Raviteja Surakasi , Rinawa M. L. , Patel Dhiren Ramanbhai , Nagaraju V. , Seikh A. H. , Khan Sohail M. A. , Christopher David
Published: April 2022

Polyethylene (PE) was used as a composite material to create a fabric containing 40% pineapple, 30% jute, and 30% cotton fibres by weight. The physical characterisation is carried out, like deterioration and water absorption tests. PE-based composites were shown to have a lower water absorption rate when dipped in deionized water to perform an absorption test. Fabric/PE composites decomposed slowly in the soil during the degradation test. Alkali solution of 5 percent, 7 percent, and 9 percent sodium hydroxide by weight for 60 minutes was studied as alkali impact mechanical characteristics: mechanical testing’s like tensile strength and modulus, elongation at break, bending strength, and modulus. Data investigation exposed that the tensile strength and modulus, elongation at break, bending strength, and composite modulus values were 64 MPa and 871 MPa, 23.14 percent, 45 MPa, and 512 MPa. There were tensile strength and modulus, elongation at break, bending strength, and modulus of the neat polyethylene sheet that were 32Mpa and 342 MPa, 79 percent, 22 MPa, and 234 MPa, respectively. Compared to a polyethylene sheet, composite values for tensile strength and modulus, bending strength, and modulus raised by 107%, 156%, 110%, and 115% as a result of fabric reinforcing.
Odor Identification by Parkinson’s Disease Patients Tested by Using Sniffin’ Sticks versus Natural Spices
Authors: Baert Florence , Vlaemynck Geertrui , Maselyne Jarissa , Matthys Christophe
Published: April 2022

Introduction. Hyposmia is a frequent symptom of Parkinson’s disease (PD), which greatly impacts patients’ flavor perception and their quality of life. However, PD patients recognize some odors better than others. Identifying which food odors are still recognized by PD patients may be useful for flavor enhancement. Our aim was to evaluate the olfactory identification of Sniffin’ Sticks and spice odorants in PD patients and healthy controls (HC), to identify the impact of synthetic odorants compared with real-life food and the impact of odor familiarity and pleasantness on odorant identification in PD patients. Methods. Sniffin’ Sticks odorant identification was evaluated in 80 PD patients and 105 age-matched HC. In a subset, the spice odorant identification was evaluated. Results. The mean total score was higher for the Sniffin’ Sticks than for the spice odor identification test in all participants (55.4% versus 22.5%). Sniffin’ Sticks orange, peppermint, rose, and fish odorants were best correctly identified by PD patients, by 62.5, 53.8, 52.9, and 57.5%, respectively. Of the spice odor identification test, garlic and “no stimulus” were best correctly identified by PD patients, by, respectively, 38.2 and 67.6%. HC identified most Sniffin’ Sticks odorants and spices better than PD patients. Odorant familiarity determined real-life food odorant identification. Conclusion. This study demonstrates that some food odorants, both the commercial Sniffin’ Sticks as natural odorants, are still recognized by PD patients. Sniffin’ Sticks were better recognized compared with real-life odorants, by both HC and PD patients. Odorant familiarity determined PD patients’ odorant identification; therefore, familiar food odorants may have potential for a future flavor enhancement. Implications. This is the first study, to our knowledge, to evaluate real-life food odor identification in PD patients. Our results provide a first step towards patient-appropriate flavor enhancement strategies in PD.
Postoperative Effect Observation and Clinical Study of Dahuang Zhechong Pills from Jingui Yaolue in Treating Patients with Early-to-Mid Prostate Cancer Undergoing Radical Resection
Authors: Hou Shizhao , Bin Chengguo
Published: April 2022

Objective. To explore the effect of applying Dahuang Zhechong pills (DHZCP) from Jingui Yaolue to patients with early-to-mid prostate cancer undergoing radical resection and carry out a theoretical clinical study of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) to verify the effect of DHZCP formula under the guidance of TCM theory. Methods. The clinical data of 98 patients with early-to-mid prostate cancer undergoing radical resection treated in our hospital (July 2014 to July 2016) were selected for the retrospective analysis, and the patients were divided into group A (n = 49, routine hormonal therapy) and group B (n = 49, routine hormonal therapy plus DHZCP) according to the double blind method, so as to compare the trauma symptoms, cancer recurrence rate, etc., after treatment between the two groups. Results. Compared with group A, group B obtained significantly higher total effective rate of complication treatment at different time points (

P

 < 0.05), significantly lower mean HAMA score after treatment (

P

 < 0.05), and significantly lower total recurrence rate (

P

 < 0.05). The “congestion” theory in Chapter VI On Pulse, Symptom Complex and Treatment of Arthralgia Due to Stagnation of Blood and Consumptive Diseases of Jingui Yaolue was the theoretical basis for postoperative effect observation of DHZCP in treating prostate cancer. Combining with the onset theory of congestion, personally, the author believed that cancer is caused by congestion disease formed by the extravasated blood in the human body, and with the passing of time, the intermingled deficiency, blood stasis, and toxicity lead to the qualitative change of endogenous cancer toxicity and develop into consumptive congestion disease, making it the core pathogenesis of cancer. And DHZCP had good preventive and treatment effect. Conclusion. DHZCP is an effective drug for improving postoperative complications of early-to-mid prostate cancer, reducing the biological recurrence rate and clinical recurrence rate, and improving mental status. The formula treats both deficiency and excess, combines tonification with purgation, and dispels exogenous pathogen without damaging body resistance, which is a profound formula based on TCM theory to treat “congestion,” “congestion disease,” and “consumptive congestion disease.” Using this theory to guide clinical syndrome differentiation and treatment and modifying the dosage and usage can play an important role in TCM preventive treatment of cancers, early, middle, and late treatment, and clinical prevention of other chronic diseases.
Signum-Function-Based Multi-Input Multi-Output Adaptive Homogeneous Finite-Time Control for a Rigid-Body Attitude Tracking
Authors: Jiang Sen , Yang Zhong , Xu Hao
Published: April 2022

This study is devoted to investigating the robust adaptive finite-time attitude tracking control problem for a rigid body subject to unknown uncertainties. Considering about the nonlinear attitude dynamics for a rigid body, a homogeneous sliding variable is designed by employing the signum-function technique. For the presented homogeneous sliding variable, a real sliding manifold, on which the singularity problem is avoided, could be achieved. Subsequently, a novel signum-function-based MIMO adaptive homogeneous finite-time control (SMAHFTC) algorithm is proposed. Finite-time convergence of the tracking errors to a region around the origin is rigorously proved through the Lyapunov approach. The control gains will not be overestimated, which implies that minimal control gains will be obtained by the adaptation law. Moreover, the controls’ signals are continuous for the SMAHFTC law. Then, by means of the proposed design method, an attitude tracking controller is designed for a rigid body described by the modified Rodrigues parameters’ (MRPs) representation. A comparison simulation is carried out to show the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method.
[Retracted] Dynamic Wavelength Scheduling by Multiobjectives in OBS Networks
Authors: Kumar V. Kishen Ajay , Kumar M. Rudra , Shribala N. , Singh Ninni , Gunjan Vinit Kumar , Siddiquee Kazy Noor-e-alam , Arif Muhammad
Published: April 2022

The burst dropping ratio is witnessed in the contemporary literature as a considerable constraint of optical burst switching (OBS) networks that attained many researchers’ efforts in the recent past. Among the multiple practices endeavoring to reduce the burst drop ratio, the optimal burst scheduling is one dimension in this regard. The transmission channel scheduling and appropriate wavelength allocation are critical objectives to achieve optimal burst scheduling in regard to minimal burst drop ratio. Many of the scheduling models depicted in the contemporary literature aimed to achieve the optimum scheduling by electing the channels, which depend on optimum utilization of idle time. Some of the studies tried to select channels by any metrics of quality, and significantly minimal amount of studies focused on wavelength allocation for lowering BDR. Moreover, in regard to this, this study tried to achieve optimum wavelength allocation beneath manifold objective QoS metrics, which is identified as “multiobjective dynamic wavelength scheduling (DyWaS).” The experimental study carried through the simulations evinced that the proposed model DyWaS escalated the optimality of burst scheduling through wavelength allocation compared with other existing methods represented in the contemporary literature.
Efficient Rational Community Detection in Attribute Bipartite Graphs
Authors: Yang Chen , Ji Hao , Wu Yanping
Published: April 2022

Bipartite graph is widely used to model the complex relationships among two types of entities. Community detection (CD) is a fundamental tool for graph analysis, which aims to find all or top-

k

densely connected subgraphs. However, the existing studies about the CD problem usually focus on structure cohesiveness, such as

α
,
β

-core, but ignore the attributes within the relationships, which can be modeled as attribute bipartite graphs. Moreover, the returned results usually suffer from rationality issues. To overcome the limitations, in this paper, we introduce a novel metric, named rational score, which takes both preference consistency and community size into consideration to evaluate the community. Based on the proposed rational score and the widely used

α
,
β

-core model, we propose and investigate the rational

α
,
β

-core detection in attribute bipartite graphs (RCD-ABG), which aims to retrieve the connected

α
,
β

-core with the largest rational score. We prove that the problem is NP-hard and the object function is nonmonotonic and non-submodular. To tackle RCD-ABG problem, a basic greedy framework is first proposed. To further improve the quality of returned results, two optimized strategies are further developed. Finally, extensive experiments are conducted on 6 real-world bipartite networks to evaluate the performance of the proposed model and techniques. As shown in experiments, the returned community is significantly better than the result returned by the traditional

α
,
β

-core model.
Patient Satisfaction and Visual Performance in Patients with Ocular Pathology after Bilateral Implantation of a New Extended Depth of Focus Intraocular Lens
Authors: Rementería-Capelo Laureano A. , Lorente Pilar , Carrillo Virginia , Sánchez-Pina José M. , Ruiz-Alcocer Javier , Contreras Inés
Published: April 2022

Aim. To evaluate visual results and patient-perceived outcomes in patients with ocular pathologies implanted with a new extended depth-of-focus intraocular lens (IOL). Methods. Patients with ocular pathology undergoing cataract surgery and bilaterally implanted with Vivity® IOLs were evaluated three months after surgery. The control group included patients with no ocular pathologies. Binocular defocus curves, corrected and uncorrected mono- and binocular distance visual acuity (DVA), and binocular contrast sensitivity were measured. Patients completed the Catquest-9SF questionnaire and reported on dysphotopsia and their need for spectacle-correction. Results. Twenty-five patients were included in each group. Monocular uncorrected DVA was better in the control group (−0.01 ± 0.07) compared with the study group (0.03 ± 0.08),

p
=
0.027

. There were no other statistically significant differences in DVA, with an uncorrected binocular acuity of −0.06 ± 0.06 for the control group and −0.05 ± 0.06 for the study group. Binocular defocus curves were similar for both groups and there were no differences in contrast sensitivity values. Pooling the refractive results, 96% of eyes were within ±0.50 D of target refraction. Seventy percent of patients in the control group reported no halos, compared with 40% in the study group,

p
=
0.047

. In both groups, 40% of patients reported being completely spectacle-independent, with the other 60% requiring glasses for near vision always or often. All patients reported being fairly or very satisfied with their vision. Conclusion. Initial results of visual function after Vivity implantation in patients with ocular pathologies are encouraging, with high patient satisfaction and few difficulties for daily activities.
Password Guessing Based on GAN with Gumbel-Softmax
Authors: Zhou Tao , Wu Hao-Tian , Lu Hui , Xu Peiming , Cheung Yiu-Ming
Published: April 2022

Password guessing is an important issue in user security and privacy protection. Using generative adversarial network (GAN) to guess passwords is a new strategy emerging in recent years, which exploits the discriminator’s evaluation of passwords to guide the update of the generator so that password guessing sets can be produced. However, the sampling process of discrete data from a categorical distribution is not differentiable so that backpropagation does not work well. In this paper, we propose a novel password guessing model named G-Pass, which consists of two main components. The first is a new network structure, which modifies the generator from the convolutional neural network (CNN) to long short-term memory- (LSTM-) based network and employs multiple convolutional layers in the discriminator to provide more informative signals for generator updating. The second is Gumbel-Softmax with temperature control for training GAN on passwords. Experimental results show the proposed G-Pass outperforms PassGAN in password quality and cracking rate. Moreover, by dynamically adjusting one parameter during the training process, a trade-off between sample diversity and quality can be achieved with our proposed model.
Novel Integrated Nanofertilizers for Improving the Growth of Polyscias fruticosa and Asparagus officinalis
Authors: Le Thi Thu Huong , Mai Thi Thu Trang , Phan Ke Son , Nguyen Thi Minh , Tran Thi Lan Anh , Dong Thi Nham , Tran Huu Chung , Ngo Thi Thanh Hang , Hoang Phuong Ha , Ha Phuong Thu
Published: April 2022

The study of nanotechnology has been focused in recent years on the application in various fields including agriculture. Nanofertilizers were suggested to have the ability to supply plants with nutrients more effectively and thus significantly improve crop productivity. Previous studies reported the fabrication of nanofertilizers that contained only one or two essential elements. The addition of other nutrients is necessary for promoting plant development. Therefore, in this study, a novel integrated nanofertilizer containing both macro‐ and micronutritional elements was synthesized and characterized. The results showed that the prepared fertilizer had the rod shape and nanosize of 20‐30 nm in width and 80 nm in length. Treatment of Polyscias fruticosa and Asparagus officinalis crops with the integrated nanofertilizer increased the number of branches, leaf area, dry matter production, and total biomass up to 50% at using level of 5% compared to nontreatment groups.
Oleuropein Improves Cognitive Dysfunction and Neuroinflammation in Diabetic Rats through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR Pathway
Authors: Shang Jianru , Che Shan , Zhu Mingjie
Published: April 2022

Objective. To explore the effect and mechanism of oleuropein on cognitive dysfunction and neuroinflammation in diabetic rats. Method. A diabetic rat model was constructed using streptozotocin, and the diabetic rats were divided into 3 groups with different treatment for 4 weeks, named STZ group (gavaged with normal saline), STZ+LOE group (40 mg/kg oleuropein, and STZ+SITA group (30 mg/kg sitagliptin). The fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting serum insulin levels, and HOMA-IR index were measured in rats. After the last treatment, the Morris water maze experiment was carried out, and the rats were first subjected to training experiments for 4 consecutive days; the escape latency, number of crossing platform quadrant intersections, time spent in the target quadrant, and swimming speed were recorded. Additionally, the malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO) content, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, interleukin- (IL-) 1β, tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases (PI3K)/threonine-protein kinase (Akt)/mTOR expression levels in rat hippocampus tissues were detected. Results. Oleuropein reduced insulin resistance, spatial learning, and memory ability in diabetic rats. It also could improve oxidative stress and inflammatory response and activate the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in hippocampus tissues. Conclusion. Oleuropein ameliorates cognitive dysfunction and neuroinflammation in diabetic rats by regulating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.
A Retrospective Study of Effectiveness of Thoracoscopic Lobectomy and Segmentectomy in Patients with Early-Stage Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Xu Jianning , Huang Lirong , Wang Yao , Guo Dongdong , Sun Jian
Published: April 2022

Background. Surgical treatment is the first choice for non-small-cell lung cancer. To date, there are only few studies on the changes in laboratory indexes in two types of surgery, namely, thoracoscopic lobectomy and segmental pneumonectomy. Aim. To investigate the clinical impact of thoracoscopic lobectomy and segmentectomy in patients with early-stage non-small-cell lung cancer. Methods. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 94 patients with early-stage NSCLC in our hospital from October 2017 to October 2019. The patients were divided into two groups. The patients in control and observation groups received thoracoscopic lobectomy and thoracoscopic segmentectomy, respectively. The perioperative indicators, complications, lung function, T cell subsets, tumor markers, follow-up of tumor recurrence rate, and survival rate were compared between two groups. Results. The operation time of the observation group was longer, and the chest drainage volume was less at 24-48 h after the operation, and the chest tube indwelling time and postoperative hospital stay were shorter than those of the control group. No significant differences in complication probability were observed between two groups. The levels of FEV1, FVC, and MVV in the two groups were lower than those before the operation at 3 days after surgery, but the FEV1, FVC, and MVV levels in the observation group were higher than those in the control group. The CD3+, CD4+, and CD4+/CD8+ levels in the two groups were lower than those before the operation at 24 h and 72 h after the operation, but CD3+, CD4+, and CD4+/CD8+ levels in the observation group were higher than those of the control group. Conclusion. Thoracoscopic lobectomy and segmental resection have similar clinical effects in the treatment of early-stage NSCLC patients, but segmental resection can preserve healthy lung tissue as much as possible, with less trauma, protect lung function, and promote postoperative recovery.
Index Evaluation of Different Hospital Management Modes Based on Deep Learning Model
Authors: Li Jinai , Wang Yan
Published: April 2022

In order to effectively improve the efficiency of hospital public management, we designed a hospital management index system based on deep learning model and analysed the application effect of reverse broadcast neural network model in hospital. The results show that in the performance analysis of the model, compared with other classical algorithms, the constructed model has the highest accuracy and the shortest delay. The weight analysis of each index in the model shows that the weight of rational utilization rate of beds in tertiary public hospitals is the highest, and the weight of rational utilization rate of beds in secondary public hospitals is the highest. The further analysis of the model training effect shows that the actual value of most output indexes is consistent with the predicted value, and the residual error of the predicted value is close to 0.