bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cytotoxic and cytostatic activity of five new imidazotetrazine derivatives on breast cancer cell cultures MDAMB231, BT474, and MCF-7
Authors: Al-Humairi Ahmed Hamid , Sitnikova Svetlana E. , Novochadov Valery V
Published: September 2024

Introduction: The work presents the results of the study of new imidazotetrazine derivatives to establish the possibility of using them as anticancer agents, including for chemotherapy of metastatic breast cancer. The relevance of the work is due to the wide spread of oncological diseases and high cancer mortality, which dictates the need to constantly obtain cell lines and improve cultivation protocols for testing new antitumor drugs. The goal of this study is to check the potential of five new imidazotetrazine derivatives to become new antitumor drugs, in the scope of studying their cytotoxic and cytostatic activities on breast cancer cell cultures.
Materials and Methods: The culturing MCF-7, MDAMB231, BT474, and MCF-10a cells with determining cytotoxic and cytostatic activities of five new azolotetrazine derivatives are base methods used in this study.
Results: For the MCF-7 culture, MCS of comparison drug temozolomide was equal to 2.44 and IC50 was 6.81 mM/L; for other cultures CTA indicators were worse. Imidazotetrazine 2 and imidazotetrazine 3 demonstrated CTA indicators lower than those of temozolomide. IC50 was not achieved, and the MCS value varied between 1.34 and 1.74. These two derivatives were classified as the compounds with an extremely low CTA. Imidazotetrazine 1 and iminothiotriazine 5 showed cytotoxic activity higher than that of the comparison drug and we classified these compounds as the ones with a moderate CTA. Finally, we found imidazotetrazine 4 with IC50 of 0.85 mM/L and CTA of 7.34 as a compound with a potentially strong anticancer effect for further investigation. The cytostatic activity of four of the five azoloazine derivatives studied was in a narrow range corresponding to the survival rate from 0.21 to 0.32, depending on the compound and cell culture. Against this background, imidazotetrazine 4 demonstrated a higher CSA, determined by the survival rate from 0.17 to 0.20.
Conclusion: As a result of an in vitro study, we found that five new azolotriazine derivatives can be evaluated in the ascending order of these properties, as a combination of CTA+CSA in order imidazotetrazine 2, imidazotetrazine 3 < temozolomide < imidazotetrazine 1, iminothiotriazine 5 < imidazotetrazine 4, although the CSA of all the studied compounds turned out to be high. Thus, 3-Cyclohexyl-4-oxoimidazo[5,1-d]-[1,2,3,5]tetrazine-8-N-piperidinyl-carboxamide (imidazotetrazine 4) is an unconditional leader in the tested series of new azoloazine derivatives and we recommend it for further preclinical trials.
A Native Bacillus Thuringiensis Strain with Higher Insecticidal Activity Against Adult Aedes Aegypti Than the Larvae
Authors: Maduabuchi Ogechukwu R , Anaukwu Chikodili G , Ekwealor Chito C. , Anakwenze Vivian N. , Ajogwu Tobechukwu MC , Anyaoha Victoria I. , Obi Chibuike G. , Isiaka Amarachukwu B.
Published: September 2024

Mosquitoes of several species cause the deaths of millions of people annually, making them the major disease vectors. Bioinsecticide formulations derived from Bacillus thuringiensis are widely acknowledged as highly efficient, sustainable, environmentally friendly, and safe means of controlling insect pests. In this study, a strain of B. thuringiensis exhibiting significant efficacy in controlling Aedes aegypti was isolated from the local environment, identified, and physiologically characterized. The isolated B. thuringiensis strain exhibited positive insecticidal activity against the larvae and adult Aedes aegypti, causing mortality of the insect larvae at a rate of 3.33% and adult at 53.33 – 93.33% in 48 hours. Experiments conducted in a controlled laboratory setting showed that B. thuringiensis toxin exhibited higher levels of activity against the adult mosquito than the larvae. This study demonstrates that bioinsecticide formulation using B. thuringiensis as the active agent has the potential to effectively and sustainably manage larvae and adult Aedes aegypti.
Reymonta osobiste i literackie spotkania z Łodzią
Authors: Samborska-Kukuć Dorota
Published: September 2024

W artykule omówiony został stosunek Reymonta do Łodzi, wobec której przejawiał pisarz zrazu ambiwalentne emocje. Krótkotrwała fascynacja żywiołem spektakularnego rozrostu miasta przerodziła się rychło w jawną niechęć wyeksponowaną w intymistyce oraz dziełach artystycznych.
Poprzez gruntowną analizę łodzian Reymonta: Ziemi obiecanej i późniejszych nowel oraz notatek diariuszowych i korespondencji wydobywa się symptomy wskazujące na odrazę pisarza wobec przestrzeni zurbanizowanych i industrialnych i próbuje się wykazać, że stosunek ten wynikał prawdopodobnie z usposobienia Reymonta i przywiązania do natury.
Pierwsze spotkanie z Łodzią kojarzące się Reymontowi z porażką edukacyjną oraz późniejsze, z tajemnymi schadzkami z kochanką, nie pozostawiły w nim dobrych wspomnień. Wzmocnił je antyestetyzm miasta i stosunki społeczne panujące w Łodzi, w której Reymont mieszkał z przerwami w roku 1896, przygotowując się do pisania Ziemi obiecanej. W powieści oddał Łódź jako „złe miasto”, oznakowane figurami labiryntu, otchłani, piekła, a fabryki ukazał jako potwory czyhające na człowieka. Uznawszy Łódź jako miejsce nieprzychylne człowiekowi, siedlisko demoralizacji i degrengolady, kontynuował Reymont krytykę tej przestrzeni w innych utworach, eskalując negatywne emocje (Pewnego dnia, Cmentarzysko).
Łódź – literackie reprezentacje miasta w twórczości niemieckojęzycznych pisarzy na początku XX wieku
Authors: Kucner Monika
Published: September 2024

Celem artykułu jest pokazanie w jaki sposób niemieckojęzyczni pisarze z Łodzi na początku XIX wieku w swoich utworach kreowali obraz miasta, w szczególności jego przestrzeń miejską.
Autorka wychodzi z założenia, że literackie reprezentacje miasta są silnie uwarunkowane rozwojem przemysłowym miasta i odzwierciedlają złożoność społeczno-kulturową tego regionu, będącego na przełomie wieków XIX i XX tyglem kultur, religii i języków.
W artykule wykazano krytyczne podejście wobec prezentowanych utworów, posłużono się analizą tekstu, metodą historyczno-literacką oraz badaniami archiwalnymi, aby uzyskać głębsze zrozumienie kontekstu społeczno-historycznego.
Badania wykazały, że dynamiczne zmiany przemysłowe oraz wielokulturowość miasta miały spory wpływ na twórczość literacką. Mimo że niemieckojęzyczne środowisko literackie było mniej rozwinięte niż polskie czy żydowskie, znacząco przyczynia się do kreowania obrazu Łodzi jako przestrzeni przemysłowej.
Obraz miasta przedstawiony w literaturze niemieckojęzycznych łodzian jest zróżnicowany. W sporej części odwołuje się do tych motywów, które znamy z literatury polskiej, rosyjskiej i żydowskiej tego okresu: a więc Łodzi jako ziemi obiecanej, złego miasta, miasta bez zasad moralnych, miasta-molocha. Niemieckojęzyczni pisarze, podobnie jak twórcy jidyszowi, czy polskojęzyczni często odwoływali się do podobnych elementów przestrzeni miejskiej, motywów, co odzwierciedlało ich doświadczenia życiowe i obserwacje.
Niemieckojęzyczni autorzy przedstawiali Łódź jako miasto kontrastów i konfliktów, które choć naznaczone rozwojem przemysłowym, było miejscem złożonych wyzwań społecznych. Ich utwory, choć nie zawsze cechujące się wysokim poziomem artystycznym, są cennym świadectwem epoki i pokazują, jak literatura odzwierciedla i interpretuje realia życia miejskiego w kontekście historycznym i kulturowym.
Retelling słowiańskich mitów i polskich legend w twórczości Witolda Jabłońskiego
Authors: Mikinka Aleksandra
Published: September 2024

Celem artykułu jest przybliżenie sylwetki łódzkiego pisarza, Witolda Jabłońskiego, współczesnego prozaika i tłumacza, znanego zarówno miłośnikom fantastyki historycznej, jak i popularnego w ostatnich latach gatunku fantastyki słowiańskiej. Część interpretacyjną poprzedza biogram pisarza, przez całe życie związanego z Łodzią, mieszkającego tutaj i tworzącego. W drugiej części artykułu przyglądamy się pogańskim motywom w powieściach z cyklu Saga Słowiańska, tj. Dary Bogów, Popiel oraz Wanda, starając się prześledzić bogate tropy intertekstualne w retellingowych narracjach będących znakiem rozpoznawczym tego autora. Jabłoński wymieniany jest dzisiaj po Andrzeju Sapkowskim i Andrzeju Pilipiuku jako jeden z najpoczytniejszych autorów fantastyki. O jego popularności świadczyć może fakt, iż Dary Bogów przygotowano jako słuchowisko w serwisie Audioteka.pl, a bohaterom głosu użyczyli popularni aktorzy. Analiza ma na celu wskazanie, do jakich mitów słowiańskich i polskich legend państwowych sięga autor i za pomocą jakich narzędzi je przetwarza. Podczas interpretacji sięgamy do różnych metod pracy z tekstem: intertekstualnych, kulturoznawczych, ale odwołujemy się również do religioznawstwa, antropologii i komparatystyki religijnej.
Śmiech, humor, satyra
Authors: Kosno Sara , Przeniosło Marek , Karpińska Małgorzata , Chrobak Waldemar , Rydz Romuald , Fałat Piotr , Glugla Paweł , Kiper Daniel , Napierała Anita , Staniszewska Aleksandra , Milewska Marta , Hubicki Piotr , Studnicka-Mariańczyk Karolina , Załęczny Jolanta , Marchlewicz Krzysztof , Szymczak Damian , Jurkowski Roman , Gapiński Bartłomiej , Raińska Kinga , Fink Kinga , Grzybowski Przemysław Paweł , Snapkouski Yury , Karpiński Ignacy , Rozental Przemysław , Kłak-Ambrożkiewicz Marta
Published: September 2024

W pierwszym odruchu dziewiętnaste stulecie zdaje się być pozbawione poczucia humoru. Emocjonalny odbiór epoki przywodzi skojarzenia z obrazami cierpienia, niezgody, buntu, smutku, tęsknoty. Wyobrażenie o stanie psychiki społeczeństwa polskiego pod zaborami najczęściej wiążemy z melancholią – wynikającą z poczucia utraty wolności, mienia, bliskich osób, emigracji, będącą konsekwencją braku ojczyzny. A jednak Polacy w okresie budowania swojej tożsamości narodowej, walk narodowowyzwoleńczych, represji popowstaniowych, dynamicznie zmieniającej się rzeczywistości pod wpływem przemian społecznych, cywilizacyjnych, modernizacyjnych, gospodarczych i demograficznych nie byli pozbawieni poczucia humoru. Przeciwnie, humor, umiejętność prowadzenia dowcipnych konwersacji i zabawnych ripost były wysoko cenioną cechą mieszkańców ziem polskich. Humor i satyra pozwalały na oswojenie trudnej rzeczywistości i nierzadko stawały się formą oporu wobec autorytarnych systemów zaborczych. Śmiech stanowił narzędzie wyrażające cały wachlarz emocji: od radości i akceptacji po ironię, kpinę, szyderstwo, negację. Był to ważny i ceniony komponent „towarzyskości”. Przez szkiełko ironii obserwowano zmieniającą się rzeczywistość: wynalazki, innowacje techniczne, rozwój kolei, przenikające z Zachodu trendy kulturowe, modę, emancypację kobiet, ruchy polityczne i społeczne. W satyrze przedstawiano również trudne warunki egzystencjalne. Śmiech niwelował strach, krzepił Polaków w obliczu trudnych sytuacji, jednoczył. W prezentowanym tomie zachęcamy do spojrzenia na życie prywatne dziewiętnastowiecznych Polaków „cum humor”. Książka ukazuje, co w dziewiętnastym stuleciu Polaków bawiło, z czego żartowano, jakie były formy i rodzaje żartu, jakie zdarzenia prezentowano w obiektywie satyry, wreszcie jaką rolę odgrywały żart, dowcip, anegdota, satyra w życiu codziennym, prywatnym i publicznym.
Publikacja dofinansowana przez Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie
Efficient Surface Sterilant for Establishment of Dendrobium in vitro Culture
Authors: Kajol Kumari , Singh Paramveer , Singh Ravi S. , Mir Hidayatullah , Kumari Meenu , Bhardwaj Ajay
Published: September 2024

Background: Most orchid species in the Dendrobium genus are epiphytic. Dendrobium orchid (Dendrobium nobile L.) var. Sonia is a non-woody epiphytic orchid that bears a beautiful purple-coloured flower and grows in soilless medium. Dendrobium can be propagated vegetatively through divisions or Keikis. But this propagation method is extremely slow. Micropropagation is most suitable method for multiplication of dendrobium orchids. Surface sterilization is an important step in the preparation of vigorous and viable explants in micropropagation. Most of the surface contaminants can be abolished by surface sterilization with a suitable sterilizing agent. The aim of the investigation is to present an effective disinfection method for the aseptic culture of Dendrobium var. Sonia by using nodal segments. Methods: In the present investigation, two sterilant were employed namely mercuric chloride (HgCl2) and sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) at different concentrations and durations. A total of nine combinations were tried for treating nodal explants in this investigation during 2022-2023. Explants were surface sterilized with 70% ethanol for 5 minutes followed by 3 to 4 washes with sterile distilled water. Thereafter, the explants were subjected to different surface sterilization treatments to establish contamination free cultures. Result: The study revealed that among the 9 treatments, minimum contamination (30.40%) was recorded in 0.1% HgCl2 for 10 minutes which helps in the maximum establishment of healthy culture (69.60%). Whereas, the lowest result for establishment was found in autoclaved distilled water with maximum contamination (100%). Maximum explant mortality (20.80%) due to sterilant was observed in NaOCl (2%) for 20 minutes.
Molecular, Hematological and Biochemical Investigation of Trypanosoma spp. in Sheep
Authors: Al-Eodawee Enas M.M. , Essa Israa M. , Aggar Ola A. , Gharban Hasanain A.J.
Published: September 2024

Background: Trypanosoma spp. is a flagellated unicellular protozoan parasite which caused a disease known as trypanosomiasis in various animals among many areas worldwide resulting in severe economic losses due to morbidities and mortalities. This study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of Trypanosoma spp. in sheep using the molecular assay with detection the impact of infection on various risk factors and blood markers. Methods: Totally, 341 sheep were selected from different areas in Wasit province (Iraq) during June to September (2023) and subjected to draining the venous blood that tested molecularly by the conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Status of different hematological, biochemical and mineral markers were further investigated. Result: Targeting 16S sRNA gene, 7.92% animals were positively infected with trypanosomiasis. Relation to risk factors, positive infection and risk were significantly higher in females than males and in sheep aged greater than 1-3 years than others. Hematological findings reported a significant reduction in RBCs and Hb; while biochemically, significant elevation was reported in concentration of urea. Regarding various minerals, insignificant alteration was seen in infected sheep when compared to healthy ones.
Three-dimensional Culture of Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) Mammary Epithelial Cell Line
Authors: Anand J. Vijay , Jaswal Shalini , Kumar Sudarshan , Mohanty Ashok Kumar
Published: September 2024

Background: The mammary gland is a crucial organ in dairy animals, responsible for milk production, regulated by intricate hormonal and cellular interactions. Traditional two-dimensional (2D) cell culture systems used in mammary gland research fail to replicate the complex in vivo environment, limiting the understanding of mammary gland biology. The study explores the advantages of three-dimensional (3D) culture systems for Buffalo Mammary Epithelial Cells (BuMECs), aiming to enhance morphological and functional differentiation compared to 2D cultures. Methods: BuMECs were cultured in Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium (DMEM/F12) supplemented with 10% FBS and specific growth factors. For 2D culture, BuMECs were grown on a plastic substratum. For 3D culture, cells were cultured on top of and embedded in growth factor-reduced (GFR) Matrigel. Morphological differentiation was observed under phase-contrast microscopy. Total RNA was extracted and cDNA was synthesized to measure β-casein gene expression using quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). Protein expression was analyzed by Western blotting, targeting total casein. Result: BuMECs grown in 3D cultures exhibited enhanced morphological differentiation, forming alveolar and ductal structures, unlike the monolayer formation observed in 2D cultures. Rapid formation of duct-like structures was noted within 24 hours in 3D cultures. Functional differentiation was significantly improved, evidenced by a five-fold increase in β-casein mRNA expression and higher protein levels of α, β and κ-casein in 3D cultured cells compared to 2D cultures. Western blot analysis confirmed the elevated casein protein expression in 3D cultures.
The Domestic Market and its Relationship to the Worst Forms of Child Labour in Bangladesh’s Leather Industry
Authors: Maksud A.K.M. , Sayed Sayma , Reaz Hossain Khandaker
Published: September 2024

This survey was limited in focus. It was designed simply to establish the extent to which small enterprises in the leather sector that employed children were primarily supplying the domestic market. In a purposive sample of 158 small leather enterprises – mostly in the informal economy – that hired children in the Hazaribagh, Hemayetpur, and Bhairab areas of Bangladesh, the majority were found to be supplying their products only to the domestic market. However, a considerable number of leather enterprises directly or indirectly sell their products in foreign markets. This has significant implications for reducing the worst forms of child labour because price points are typically lower in domestic markets, the regulatory levers applied to global value chains are not relevant, and incentives for politicians to act are minimal as none of this work affects the country’s positioning in export markets.
As relações étnico-raciais no currículo de Ciências e Educação Física: apontamentos teóricos
Authors: Leal Catiana Nery , Ferreira Maria de Fátima de Andrade , Brito Rafael Casaes de
Published: September 2024

O presente artigo apresenta um recorte teórico de conhecimentos produzidos no âmbito de duas pesquisas de doutorado, em andamento, que têm como campo de estudo as relações étnico-raciais em dois componentes curriculares da escolarização básica – Educação Física e Ciências. Nele, reforçamos a importância de saber qual uso é feito da história da África e das relações étnico-raciais no currículo, conforme a Lei 10.639/03, para organizar o trabalho das disciplinas de Educação Física e Ciências, inclusive da escola, nos anos finais do Ensino Fundamental, e, em contrapartida, contribuir com as práticas pedagógicas no processo de desconstrução de preconceitos raciais e relações étnico-raciais socialmente vigentes na escola e sociedade brasileira. Neste texto, procuramos mostrar possibilidades para a inserção da temática étnico-racial em sala de aula, tendo como parâmetro o reconhecimento e a valorização da educação intercultural crítica e suas potencialidades (Walsh, 2007, 2009) no currículo escolar, como um desafio para a escola e os professores. Enfim, defendemos o ponto de vista segundo o qual os conteúdos acerca das relações étnico-raciais, quando valorizados nas disciplinas Educação Física e Ciências, podem possibilitar aos professores a apropriação de saberes que lhes permitam trabalhar com uma educação antirracista e atuar como profissionais comprometidos a enfrentar os desafios colocados pelo racismo no cotidiano escolar.
“Contrato racial” e representatividade negra: estruturas desafiadoras à uma educação antirracista
Authors: Santos Claudecir dos , Velho Bruna Marcos
Published: September 2024

O presente artigo é fruto de uma pesquisa Strico sensu que discutiu sobre as percepções de um Contrato Racial na trajetória educacional dos negros no Brasil. Guiado pelos aspectos metodológicos que fundamentaram a pesquisa, o artigo tem como objetivo refletir sobre os desafios para a vivência de uma educação antirracista, bem como debater sobre a importância dessa educação para o desenvolvimento de uma sociedade mais humanizada. Ao longo de três seções temáticas, o artigo apresenta e problematiza as concepções de Contrato Racial e representatividade negra, destacando-as como estruturas desafiadoras à educação antirracista. Além disso, traz presente relatos de vida de um filho de pessoas escravizadas, com a intenção de exemplificar porque uma educação antirracista precisa provocar um despertar consciente acerca da trajetória das populações negras e “pavimentar” um presente e um futuro com condições para a superação do racismo estrutural existente em nossa sociedade. A contraposição ao racismo sugere uma educação antirracista, mas essa educação não pode desconsiderar as estruturas que resguardam dispositivos com potencialidade para a continuidade de pensamentos e comportamentos racistas que envolvem e conduzem relações humanas.
Njila ku kibuku : educação afrocêntrica e construção de novos modos de educar na escola pública
Authors: Ferreira Taisa De Sousa , Rios Jane Adriana Vasconcelos Pacheco
Published: September 2024

Este artigo tem como proposta refletir sobre a docência e as experiências afrocêntricas na educação básica, particularmente na escola pública. Nosso objetivo incide em discutir a potencialidade do paradigma da afrocentricidade e dos princípios da educação afrocêntrica para a produção de outras políticas de conhecimento, outras perspectivas curriculares e outros modos de educar em relação às questões étnico-raciais na escola pública. O trabalho centra-se em uma metodologia qualitativa, tomando movimentos bibliográficos sobre o campo de estudo da Afrocentricidade e sobre as memórias pedagógicas afrocêntricas acerca de práticas vivenciadas na rede municipal de Salvador como dispositivo de investigação e espaço de produção de sentidos. Os alinhaves sugerem que as políticas de conhecimento produzidas desde a educação afrocêntrica contribuem para a vivência de modos de educar que rompem com a centralidade eurocêntrica e com a centralidade do racismo no currículo e promovem processos de aprendizagem centrados na própria cultura, história, produção intelectual e agência, fomentando o protagonismo discente e docente e estimulando aspirações educacionais, comunitárias, espirituais e engajamento cognitivo, que auxiliam sujeitos aprendentes e ensinantes a encontrarem o melhor de si.
Práticas culturais de contações de histórias e a literatura no contexto escolar: por uma educação antirracista
Authors: Arruda Victoria Sara de , Chaluh Laura Noemi
Published: September 2024

Este artigo mostra fragmentos do processo de formação de uma professora negra. A articulação desse processo se deu, por um lado, pela materialização de uma pesquisa de mestrado acadêmico em Educação, que teve como objetivo geral compreender a potencialidade das abordagens interseccionais em práticas pedagógicas nos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental I (2º e 3º anos), no contexto de um projeto do Núcleo de Ensino, vinculado à Pró-Reitoria de Graduação da Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP). Na época, a primeira autora deste artigo, que foi bolsista do referido projeto, acompanhou o trabalho pedagógico de duas professoras no chão da escola, desenvolvendo parcerias pedagógicas. E, por outro lado, a materialização de práticas pedagógicas desenvolvidas no início da carreira docente. O presente estudo tem como objetivo problematizar as pautas antirracistas e o seu enfrentamento pelas práticas culturais de contações de histórias e literaturas. Destacamos a relevância de valorizar práticas pedagógicas atentas não apenas a olhar para o racismo estrutural, mas também para conscientização de reparações históricas, valorização de identidades e resgate de memórias afetuosas da beleza das vozes-crianças e negritude.
Migrações internacionais, direitos humanos e cidadania
Authors: De Souza e Silva Ariadne Celinne , Silva Celeida Maria Costa de Souza e
Published: September 2024

Este trabalho tem por objetivo analisar o acesso à cidadania a partir da visão dos fluxos migratórios internacionais em um mundo globalizado. É uma pesquisa bibliográfica e documental.  São discutidas as migrações internacionais a partir da concepção de um tema global de direitos humanos, de interesse e responsabilidade dos Estados. Adota-se o conceito de cidadania cosmopolita (mundial) como aquela que é estendida até os considerados não cidadãos (estrangeiros), dissociada da nacionalidade. Os direitos humanos dos imigrantes já são reconhecidos no âmbito do direito internacional dos direitos humanos e almeja-se a realização da cidadania cosmopolita, em que todos os indivíduos sejam recebidos como sujeitos de direitos, independentemente de seu Estado de origem, destino e de seu status migratório. Conclui-se que, diante da universalidade dos direitos humanos e do princípio da não discriminação, cabe aos Estados adotarem políticas migratórias de integração e acolhimento, para que a cidadania cosmopolita seja assumida como um compromisso para a plena efetivação dos direitos humanos universais.
Hubungan Self-Esteem dengan Kecenderungan Bulimia nervosa pada Remaja Perempuan: Review Naratif
Authors: Alifia Ardhani Dea , Surjaningrum Endang Retno
Published: September 2024

Self-esteem yang rendah telah dihipotesiskan sebagai faktor risiko perkembangan gangguan makan, dengan sebagian besar penderita bulimia adalah remaja perempuan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara self-esteem dengan kecenderungan bulimia nervosa pada remaja perempuan secara global. Review yang dilakukan menunjukkan beberapa penelitian terdahulu membuktikan bahwa kecenderungan bulimia nervosa salah satunya disebabkan karena rendahnya tingkat self-esteem. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara self-esteem dengan kecenderungan gangguan makan bulimia nervosa pada remaja perempuan. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa self-esteem yang rendah dapat membuat individu lebih rentan mengalami gangguan makan bulimia nervosa.
The effect of epigallocatechin gallate on Streptococcus Gordonii biofilm formation
Authors: Wicaksono Dimas Prasetianto , Dewi Ardianti Maartrina , Siti Ajeng Larisa Asmono , Nuraini Prawati , Han Sili
Published: September 2024

Background: Dental caries, as a primary disease in dentistry, is strongly influenced by the presence of biofilms. One of the Gram-positive bacteria that acts as an initiator in the biofilm formation process is Streptococcus gordonii. As the primary catechin in green tea, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is easily found in our daily lives, and it has a broad spectrum of antimicrobial effects. Several studies have revealed that EGCG inhibited the growth of Gram-positive bacteria, including inhibiting biofilm formation by damaging the bacterial cell wall and reducing glucosyltransferase activity. However, there is still limited information that explains the effect of EGCG on S. gordonii bacterial biofilms. Purpose: This study aims to analyze the effect of EGCG in inhibiting the formation of S. gordonii bacterial biofilms. Methods: This study was an in-vitro experimental laboratory study, with samples divided into five groups, namely, the group containing BHIB-bacteria, the BHIB-bacteria-5% sucrose groups, and the treatment groups containing BHIB-bacteria-5% sucrose-EGCG with concentrations of 12.5%, 6.25%, and 3.125%, respectively, incubated for 24 hours. The data was analyzed using the Kruskal–Wallis test. Results: There was a significant difference in the formation of biofilms in S. gordonii bacteria with the addition of 5% sucrose in BHIB compared with the group of S. gordonii bacteria in BHIB. The highest biofilm formation in the group containing bacteria-BHIB-5% sucrose, while the lowest biofilm formation occurred in the treatment group containing bacteria-BHIB-5% sucrose-12.5% EGCG with significant difference between the group. Conclusion: The addition of EGCG 12.5% inhibits the formation of S. gordonii biofilms.
Long-term reprojection loss for self-supervised monocular depth estimation in endoscopic surgery
Authors: Shi Xiaowei , Cui Beilei , Clarkson Matthew J. , Islam Mobarakol
Published: September 2024

Aim: Depth information plays a key role in enhanced perception and interaction in image-guided surgery. However, it is diﬀicult to obtain depth information with monocular endoscopic surgery due to a lack of reliable cues for perceiving depth. Although there are reprojection loss-based self-supervised learning techniques to estimate depth and pose, the temporal information from the adjacent frames is not eﬀiciently utilized to handle occlusion in surgery.

Methods: We design long-term reprojection loss (LT-RL) self-supervised monocular depth estimation techniques by integrating longer temporal sequences into reprojection to learn better perception and to address occlusion artifacts in image-guided laparoscopic and robotic surgery. For this purpose, we exploit four temporally adjacent source frames before and after the target frame, where conventional reprojection loss uses two adjacent frames. The pixels that are visible in the target frame but occluded in the immediate two adjacent frames will produce the inaccurate depth but a higher chance to appear in the four adjacent frames during the calculation of minimum reprojection loss.

Results: We validate LT-RL on the benchmark surgical datasets of Stereo correspondence and reconstruction of endoscopic data (SCARED) and Hamlyn to compare the performance with other state-of-the-art depth estimation methods. The experimental results show that our proposed technique yields 2%-4% better root-mean-squared error (RMSE) over the baselines of vanilla reprojection loss.

Conclusion: Our LT-RL self-supervised depth and pose estimation technique is a simple yet effective method to tackle occlusion artifacts in monocular surgical video. It does not add any training parameters, making it flexible for integration with any network architecture and improving the performance significantly.
Vins nature : apologie du vide (juridique)
Authors: Grimonprez Benoît
Published: September 2024

Si le vin dit « nature » existe pour de vrai, il demeure un OJNI : un objet juridique non identifié. Le droit devrait-il alors l’étiqueter formellement pour mettre fin à la polémique ? Le débat, passionnel, passionnant, suppose de revenir sur les traits fondamentaux de ce type de vins et sur la manière dont ils se sont construits en marge de la norme institutionnelle. Et s’il fallait surtout que la réglementation n’encadre pas, n’entrave pas, cet art vinicole et le laisse librement vagabonder dans le champ gravitationnel du non-droit ?
B-cell epitope prediction of MPB83 protein as a candidate for serodiagnostic antigen of bovine tuberculosis in human: In silico study
Authors: Ahmad Shabrina Izzata Afiyati , Aziz Ayu Munawaroh , Armiyanti Yunita , Mufida Diana Chusna
Published: September 2024

Background: Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) can be transmitted to humans by inhalation or consumption of incomplete pasteurized milk and dairy products derived from infected cows. Most cases of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. bovis) infection are resistant to tuberculosis (TB) drugs. The risk of death during treatment for bTB has been reported to be 2.55 times higher than for TB. However, the quality of diagnostic methods for bTB remains relatively low.Objective: We aim to evaluate the potential of the B-cell epitope of the MPB83 protein as a candidate bTB serodiagnostic antigen using an in silico approach. Methods: This study was a computer-based descriptive study using secondary data from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) protein database. The MPB83 protein sequence was obtained from M. tuberculosis variant bovis AF2122/97 from the United Kingdom. We described the characteristics of the linear epitope of the M. bovis B-cell protein MPB83 by measuring antigenicity, molecular weight, instability index, and Grand Average of Hydropathy (GRAVY) score. The tools used in this study were IBIVU PRALINE, VaxiJen v2.0, IEDB, ExPASy ProtParam, Cluspro, and the PyMOL application.Results: We found an epitope that could be used for bTB serodiagnostic antigen with low conservation, the 106KLNPDVNLVDTLN118 epitope. It has the molecular weight, instability index, and GRAVY score of 1638.76 Da, -28.44, and -0.300, respectively. Epitopes with the best criteria were simulated by docking to human major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II. Docking results showed that the lowest binding energy was -644.8 kcal/mol. Further analysis using the PyMOL application obtained 14 hydrogen bonds with bond distances ranging from 1.7 Å to 2.2 Å, all of which showed strong hydrogen bonds.Conclusion: The B-cell epitope of MPB83 protein sequence 106KLNPDVNLVDTLN118 has a potential serodiagnostic antigen candidate for human bTB.
New Insights for Teaching the One Health Approach: Transformative Environmental Education for Sustainability
Authors: Pérez-Martín José Manuel , Esquivel-Martín Tamara
Published: September 2024

The One Health approach often reaches classrooms through Environmental Education (EE), which aims to guide society's response to current crises (environmental, health, economic, values). However, traditional EE teaching has focused on isolated ecological concepts and standardized solutions, ignoring the multidimensional nature of EE and failing to integrate the interdependence between environmental, animal, and human health. Moreover, teacher training often neglects didactic content knowledge, preventing students from acquiring the systemic vision needed to address eco-social problems and create sustainable solutions aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This limits teachers’ ability to influence students' concerns and behaviours. In this context, this study aims to reflect on the current state of the issue and propose strategies informed by Science Education research to improve EE teaching, enabling the integration of One Health dimensions through effective didactics to achieve Transformative Environmental Education (TEE). For this purpose, we begin by addressing the limitations identified in recent systematic reviews, shifting the paradigm towards a symbiosis of EE and Science Education through scientific practices. We then present practical examples showcasing successful EE initiatives that foster a deeper understanding of socio-environmental issues, encourage innovative solutions, and nurture engaged citizens from early education onwards. These proposals can support classroom practice and ongoing teacher self-development. Pedagogical strategies include tackling issues that require systemic and critical thinking by developing scientific and epistemic practices while raising awareness of environmental justice. Thus, this study advocates for a new vision of EE, integrating the One Health approach, which could be applied to develop new educational programs, including teacher training. This would lead to a new learning evaluation model and help identify key determinants that trigger pro-environmental behaviours.
A Preliminary Fuzzy Inference System for Predicting Atmospheric Ozone in an Intermountain Basin
Authors: Lawson John R. , Lyman Seth N.
Published: September 2024

Unhealthy concentrations of ozone in the Uinta Basin, Utah, can occur after sufficient snowfall and a strong atmospheric anticyclone creates a persistent cold pool that traps atmospheric ozone and its precursors emitted from oil and gas operations. The winter-ozone system has two clear outcomes—occurrence or not—that is well understood by domain experts and supported by archives of atmospheric observations. Rules of the system can be formulated in natural language (“sufficient snowfall and high pressure leads to high ozone"), lending itself to analysis with a fuzzy-logic inference system. This method encodes human expertise as machine intelligence in a more constrained manner than alternative, more complex inference methods such as neural networks, increasing user trustworthiness of our model prototype before further optimization. Herein, we develop an ozone-forecasting system, Clyfar, based on knowledge of system dynamics and informed by an archive of meteorological conditions and ozone concentration. The inference system demonstrates proof-of-concept despite rudimentary tuning. We describe our framework for predicting future ozone concentrations if input values are drawn from numerical weather prediction forecasts as a proxy for observations as the system’s initial conditions. Our model is computationally cheap, allowing us to sample uncertainty with substantially more ensemble members than in traditional NWP. We evaluate hindcasts for one winter, finding our prototype demonstrates promise to deliver useful guidance for users concurrent with optimization of system parameters using machine learning.
The Successful Management of a 9-Year-Old Golden Retriever Treated for a Nasal Carcinoma with a Prednisolone/Chlorambucil Metronomic Combination after Radiation Therapy: A Case Report
Authors: Choi Kyuhyung
Published: September 2024

Nasal tumors are one of the most common tumors in aged golden retrievers. Adenocarcinomas or carcinomas are diagnosed in the majority of nasal tumors. Radiation therapy is the first option to decrease the size of tumor, and oral or intravenous chemotherapy is administered depending on the prognosis. Therefore, it is important to select the most appropriate drug for chemotherapy considering the price and the presence of concurrent disease. Anticancer drugs include first-generation chemotherapies, second-generation targeted anticancer drugs, and third-generation immunotherapy drugs. Considering their price and effectiveness, first- or second-generation anticancer drugs are mainly used.We report a first case in which a retriever with a nasal tumor was successfully treated and managed using a metronomic combination of chlorambucil (4mg/day, SID) and prednisolone (10mg/day) orally for 9 months at a general practice. A 35 kg spayed female golden retriever aged 8 years and 8 months visited the Bundang New York Animal Hospital in July 2023. A protocol of 4 weeks of chemotherapy followed by 1 week of rest was repeated, and the nasal exudate was significantly reduced. The size of the nasal tumor was monitored using Computed Tomography (CT) imaging at a referral hospital, and the images were taken in the following order: 1. before radiation therapy at the referral hospital and before chemotherapy; 2. after radiation therapy and before chemotherapy; and 3. after radiation therapy and after chemotherapy. Since the first occurrence of epistaxis, 12 months have passed (as of July 24). The nasal exudate is barely visible, and the retriever’s vital signs and weight remain stable. The size of the nasal tumor significantly decreased after 9 months of chemotherapy without moderate side effects. This study demonstrates that a prednisolone/chlorambucil metronomic combination can be an alternative to kinase inhibitor drugs as it is the cheapest and most effective way to manage tumors along with conventional radiation therapy.
Effect of Sintering Temperature on the Physical and Mechanical Characteristics of Fabricated ZrO2-Cr-Ni-Ce-Y Composite
Authors: Saini Brajesh Chandra , Jain Naman , Rao Dinesh Kumar , Singhal Varun , Verma Akarsh , Goudar Dayanand M. , Raju K , Pinto Deesy G.
Published: September 2024

This study investigates the synthesis and characterization of zirconium oxide (ZrO₂)-based metal-composites doped with cerium (Ce) and yttrium (Y), using chromium (Cr) and nickel (Ni) as base metals. These constituents were selected for their superior mechanical properties and compatibility with the ceramic phase. High-purity powders were homogenized via high-energy ball milling, followed by cold isostatic pressing (CIP) and sintering in a controlled atmosphere. The sintering process was conducted at various temperatures (850°C to 1350°C) to examine densification, grain growth, and microstructure evolution. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) revealed a homogeneous distribution of phases, with distinct microstructural features attributed to each element at different sintering temperatures. Density measurements using the water immersion method and theoretical calculations demonstrated increased density and reduced porosity with higher sintering temperatures. Vickers hardness testing indicated that hardness improved with increased sintering temperature, peaking around 1150°C due to cerium and yttrium reinforcement within the matrix. Flexural strength tests showed the highest value at 1350°C, with a significant drop in porosity, suggesting enhanced mechanical properties due to efficient doping and phase transformations. Overall, the incorporation of cerium and yttrium significantly improved the mechanical behavior and phase stability of the ZrO₂-Cr-Ni composites, highlighting their potential for advanced engineering applications.
Analysis of Polyphenolic Composition, Antioxidant Power and Stress-Response Effects of Fractionated Perilla Leaf Extract on Cells In Vitro
Authors: Lia Frederick , Baron Byron
Published: September 2024

Background/Objectives: The Perilla frutescens plant has historically been used to protect against inflammation and redox stress. This has been attributed in part to the high content of various polyphenols. Despite this, the complement of polyphenolic components in Perilla extract is not yet fully defined. The aim of this study was to characterise the polyphenolic composition in Perilla extract, and its effect on the transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), which during inflammation and oxidative stress binds to the antioxidant response element (ARE) found on the promoter of phase II antioxidant enzymes.
Methods: Following extraction using four solvents of different properties, the total phenolic, flavonoid and ortho-diphenolic content of Perilla extract were determined. Individual phenolic compounds were identified and quantified by RP-HPLC. Dual Luciferase assay using a reporter plasmid containing a human NQO1 ARE-luciferase fusion was employed to determine the potential protective effect of the Perilla fractions against redox stress.
Results: HPLC analysis revealed that the highest phenolic content was present in the polar extracts. A total of 35 distinct polyphenolic compounds were identified, with rosmarinic acid being the major constituent. On cells in vitro, the methanol Perilla fraction showed protection against redox stress, with the luciferase assay displaying up to 1.5 fold increase in the induction of the human NQO1 ARE-luciferase reporter.
Conclusions: While Perilla extract seems to be mainly protecting against inflammation and redox stress through the action of rosmarinic acid, further work is required on the synergystic effects between different polyphenols.
Research on the Principle of Relative Variation of Light Speed and the Effect of Vacuum Mechanics
Authors: li Yake
Published: September 2024

Abstract: This paper proposes an innovative postulate based on experimental observations, namely, that the speed of light can vary between two inertial reference systems. This postulate is defined as the principle of relative change in the speed of light, which refreshes the concept of absolute speed of light in traditional physics. By integrating the principle of the invariance of the speed of light with the principle of relativity in relativity theory, several important conclusions are derived: space and time must be capable of and proportionally expand and contract. Between two inertial reference systems with different relative speeds of light, objects have an energy difference of k^2 times, which induces a natural tendency for objects to move towards a state of lower energy. The acceleration is only related to the relative change rate of the speed of light in vacuum space and is independent of the mass of the object. The kinetic energy obtained by the object comes from the reduction of internal energy of the object, emphasizing the key role of energy conversion in this process. The paper provides a new theoretical perspective for explaining the physical mechanisms of universal gravitation and dark energy.
Fractal Dimension Analysis of the Tumor Microenvironment in Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Insights into Angiogenesis and Immune Cell Infiltration
Authors: Buruiană Alexandra , Șerbănescu Mircea-Sebastian , Pop Bogdan , Gheban Bogdan-Alexandru , Gheban-Roșca Ioana-Andreea , Hendea Raluca Maria , Georgiu Carmen , Crișan Doinița , Crișan Maria
Published: September 2024

The global incidence of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC), a prevalent and aggressive skin cancer, has risen significantly, posing a substantial public health challenge. This study investigates the tumor microenvironment (TME) of cSCC by focusing on the spatial distribution patterns of immune and vascular markers (CD31, CD20, CD4, and CD8) using fractal dimension (FD) analysis. Our analysis encompassed 141 cases, including 100 invasive cSCC and 41 specimens with pre-invasive lesions exclusively, and the rest being peripheral pre-invasive lesions from the invasive cSCC class. The FD values for each marker were computed and compared between pre-invasive and invasive lesion classes. The results revealed significant differences in FD values between the two classes for CD20 and CD31 markers, suggesting distinct alterations in B cell distribution and angiogenic activity during cSCC progression. However, CD4 and CD8 markers did not exhibit significant changes individually. Still, the CD4/CD8 ratio showed a significant difference, indicating a potential shift in the immune landscape as lesions progress from pre-invasive to invasive stages. These findings underscore the complexity and heterogeneity of the TME in cSCC and highlight the potential of FD analysis as a quantitative tool for characterizing tumor progression. Further research is needed to elucidate the implications of these differences in the clinical management of cSCC.
Are the Metrology Vocabulary and the ISO Vocabulary Divergent?
Authors: Pradella Marco
Published: September 2024

Medical laboratories are perhaps the largest measurement industry in the world. The metrology terminology is relevant for effective and efficient communication, particularly where metrology activities are carried out by operators with different metrology skills. WASPaLM and SIPMeL have had some opportunities to propose changes to the documents in preparation to CLSI and ISO in order to harmonise the terminology with the Metrology Vocabulary (VIM). Many proposals have been accepted. Here we summarise some particularly critical points for metrological terms. The main terms discussed are: Measuring, measuring range, examination, pre-examination, post-examination, manufacturer, measuring instrument, quantitative, qualitative, semi-quantitative, processing, easurement error, maximum permissible error of measurement, total error of measurement, monitoring, variability, performance, reliability, influence, interference, selectivity, sensitivity, detection limit, reliability, pomparability, compatibility, control material. Despite all efforts to coordinate terminologies, it is inevitable that overlapping and inconsistent terminologies will continue to be used because documents and policies are produced in different contexts. In some ISO and CLSI documents, phenomena of magnetic attraction towards common words (such as “analysis” and derivatives), without any consideration of the true metrological meaning, are noted. The ISO and CLSI working groups show, alongside moments of openness, phenomena of true self-referential conservatism.