bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Functional segments and software defined trends in enterprise networks
Authors: Deenadhayalan Pratiba , Pattar Ramakanth Kumar , Reddy Vijay Chiranjith
Published: June 2023

In the current scenarios most of the business growth comes from the user experience, while using the business applications. Any enterprise network performance depends on the fundamental process of securely serving the user with applications. The network usage patterns have completely changed from just data transfer, voice, and video transmissions to serving entire applications over the networks. With all the modern applications served over the private and public clouds the network resources utilization must be optimized and take full advantage of them which is not possible with current network architectures. The enterprises are currently shifting towards software defined implementation due to many reasons like consistent policy application across the network, run time analytics for troubleshooting the problems and making the network cloud computing ready. Software defined approaches provide centralized security monitoring and control, user data and identity-based segmentation over the network, dynamic recovery from network infrastructure failure and finally virtualization of almost everything. This paper is an overview of the functioning of enterprises in the networking perspective along with current software defined approaches being used in enterprise networking which will soon take over the traditional networks by solving the challenges present in the software defined networking.
Privacy aware-based federated learning framework for data sharing protection of internet of things devices
Authors: Saputra Yuris Mulya , Alfian Ganjar
Published: June 2023

Federated learning (FL) has emerged as one of the most effective solutions to deal with the rapid utilization of internet of things (IoT) in big data markets. Through FL, local data at each IoT device can be trained locally without sharing the local data to the cloud server. However, this conventional FL may still suffer from privacy leakage when the local data are trained, and the trained model is shared to the cloud server to update the global prediction model. This paper proposes a FL framework with privacy awareness to protect data including the trained model for IoT devices. First, a data/model encryption method using fully homomorphic encryption is introduced, aiming at protecting the data/model privacy. Then, the FL framework for the IoT with the encryption method leveraging logistic regression approach is discussed. Experimental results using random datasets show that the proposed framework can obtain higher global model accuracy (up to 4.84%) and lower global model loss (up to 66.4%) compared with other baseline methods.
Anomaly detection for software defined datacenter networks using X-Pack
Authors: Mahabaleshwar Sneha , Gangadhar Shobha , Krishnamurthy Sharath
Published: June 2023

The global data center market is growing as more and more enterprises are increasingly adopting cloud computing services and applications. Data centers are evolving towards highly virtualized architectures where transformation to software defined network (SDN) based solutions provides benefits in terms of network programmability, automation, and flow visibility. With the benefits, the need for securing network becomes essential as many critical applications are hosted on to such networking platforms. Anomaly detection is a continuous process of monitoring the traffic pattern and alerting the user about the anomalies if detected. For such real time analysis NoSQL and relational databases are less efficient. This paper proposes a framework for anomaly detection and alerting system using Elasticsearch database for SDN. Traffic patterns generated from SDN devices are continuously monitored and predefined actions are taken immediately if an anomaly is detected. The proof of concept is implemented in NOKIAs Nuage Networks Laboratory and the results showed a real time anomaly detection and took relevant actions within minimum time.
Meddling with the Gospel
Authors: Coogan Jeremiah
Published: June 2023

The second-century philosopher Celsus disparaged Christians who “alter the original text of the Gospel three or four or many times” (Cels. 2.27). Scholars have understood this passage as a critique of multiple distinct Gospels, but Celsus’ invective is better explained by comparison with elite second-century polemics (e.g., Gellius, Lucian, Galen) against readers who lack discernment and arbitrarily alter manuscripts. For Celsus, Christians’ irresponsible textual practices reveal their cultural inferiority. The complaint is about varying copies of what Celsus thinks to be the same work: “the Gospel.” Christian thinkers in the second and third centuries—including Irenaeus, Tertullian, Origen, and the author(s) of the Little Labyrinth—also participate in this discourse about good and bad readers. This article thus illuminates the wider ancient Mediterranean politics of reading in which early Christian textuality emerged.
“Let the Reader Understand”
Authors: Hubbard Jeffrey M.
Published: June 2023

Mark’s only direct reference to the reader of his Gospel (Mark 13:14) has long fascinated interpreters. But what kind of reading event is presumed in this authorial aside? This essay compares Mark 13:14 to similar interpretive asides from the commentarial traditions of ancient schools. Through analysis of relevant material from Epictetus, the author of this essay demonstrates that a reader’s comprehension of authoritative texts was a primary objective of ancient education. He further shows that the practice of drawing a reader’s attention to particular interpretive conundrums is well evidenced in ancient commentaries like Origen’s Commentary on Matthew and the commentaries of Philo. The author argues that this evidence from pedagogical reading events can fruitfully illuminate Mark 13:14, and can help us to theorize better about the social setting of Mark’s Gospel.
The squaretail mullet Ellochelon vaigiensis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1825) a complex of cryptic species?
Authors: Alavi-Yeganeh Mohammad Sadegh , Ghasemzadeh Javad , Kouhi Sanaz , Durand Jean-Dominique
Published: June 2023

The teleost family Mugilidae is speciose with uniform morpho-anatomical characteristics, which render species identification difficult. The dna barcoding technique has, however, proven to be a precise and reliable approach for species delineation. To date, dna barcoding flags numerous polyphyletic species in Mugilidae that probably correspond to species complexes and that call for further taxonomical investigation. Among these species, the squaretail mullet Ellochelon vaigiensis is an interesting case study because, unlike other mullet species, it is easily identified from its unique phenotype. Recent studies of genetic diversity in this monotypic species have revealed two lineages, located either in the Indo-Pacific (Polynesia and Taiwan waters) or along Australian shores. In this study, a third lineage is described in the North of the Indian Ocean, based on nucleotide polymorphisms of Cytochrome c oxidase 1 and barcodes available in bold and Cytochrome b. Despite genetic divergences that exceed the intraspecific threshold, there was no morpho-anatomical difference among specimens of the north Indian Ocean vs. Indo-Pacific or Australia. These molecular results suggest nominal species of Ellochelon vaigiensis within a cryptic species complex.
Filling the Gaps: The Expansion of International Humanitarian Law and the Juridification of the Free-Fighter
Authors: Alexander Amanda
Published: June 2023

This article traces the expansion of international law from the Hague Conventions, where only a state’s soldiers had legal status, to the contemporary understanding that international law governs all participants in conflict. This can be seen as a humanitarian shift that diminishes state power. This article, however, argues that the Hague Conventions only established a limited sphere of formal law because delegates deliberately left free-fighters outside the law, to be governed by their own will and moral code. In doing so, delegates echoed a philosophical tradition that situates true freedom outside the state. As this article shows, the expansion of law to include such fighters required the replacement of such alternative codes with a renewed and extended range of formal legal criteria. As such, the expansion of international law to the realm outside the state has led to a reaffirmation of that law which is synonymous with the state.
Sharing the Stage: Exploring Inequities in Resources for the Arts Across Funding Institutions
Authors: Chen Wendy , Noonan Douglas
Published: June 2023

This paper examines and compares the funding distribution inequities in arts organizations across three different funding institutions—government grantmaking, charitable contributions, and crowdfunding—through different inequity measures. Based on three different datasets including the National Endowment for the Arts grants data, National Center for Charitable Statistics data, and Kickstarter crowdfunding data starting in 2009, we find that compared to non-arts funds on the same platforms, arts-related funds in these institutions are not more concentrated in the hands of a few, although the level of concentration is strikingly high. In addition, we find that nonprofit contributions are heavily concentrated, far more than government grants. However, contributions to arts nonprofits are not more concentrated than to other nonprofits. We also explore how the pandemic crisis impacted arts funding distributions.
Patient and Visit Characteristics Associated With Otolaryngology Telemedicine Care
Authors: Miller Lauren E. , Xu Lucy , Lorch Alice C. , Armstrong Grayson W. , Agarwala Aalok V. , Naunheim Matthew R.
Published: June 2023

Background:

Clinicians are increasingly adopting telemedicine in an effort to expand patient access and efficiently deliver care. The degree of health disparities among patients receiving otolaryngologic telemedical care is unclear.

Aims:

We performed a retrospective cross-sectional study to explore disparities in telemedicine delivery.

Methods:

We evaluated otolaryngology clinical visits from January 2019 to November 2022. We obtained patient demographics and visit characteristics (e.g., subspecialty, telemedicine vs in-person). Our primary outcome was demographic characteristics of otolaryngology patients who received telemedicine vs in-person care during the study timeframe.

Results:

A total of 231,384 otolaryngology clinical visits were reviewed, of which 26,895 (11.6%) were telemedicine visits. Rhinology (36.5%) and facial plastics (28.4%) subspecialties performed the most telemedicine visits. On multivariate analysis, individuals who identified as Asian, non-English speaking, and with Medicare insurance were statistically significantly less likely to use telemedicine than in-person services.

Conclusion:

Our findings suggest that expanding telemedicine care may not improve access for all populations, and socioeconomic factors are important considerations to ensure patients are receiving equally accessible care. Futures studies are warranted to understand how these disparities may impact health outcomes and patient satisfaction with care.
Contextualizing Mobile Diffusion of the Sub-Saharan Region: Explanatory Analysis of Factors Affecting Mobile Diffusion in Sub-Saharan African countries
Authors: Park Gayoung
Published: June 2023

The study aims to challenge the prevalent assumption of technological determinism in the field of mobile diffusion research by utilizing a contextualized approach with quantitative variables. It conducted random effects analysis with the data of 40 sub-Saharan African countries from 2000 to 2017. The study finds that what has been generally accepted, as developed countries’ mobile diffusion factors may not have the same dynamics for the sub-Saharan region due to heterogeneity among countries where collectivistic societal cultures reside in values in the region, and feedback loop features of the mobile diffusion process of the sub-Saharan countries.
An Undeserved Gift from God: Conservative Christian Experiences of Divine Grace
Authors: Snow Lindsay M. , Hall M. Elizabeth Lewis , Hill Peter C. , Edwards Keith J.
Published: June 2023

The reception of God’s grace is a salient spiritual experience and is one that lies at the heart of Christianity. The present study sought to address a gap in the psychological literature pertaining to the experience of divine grace among Protestant Christians in a qualitative study with 30 adult self-identified Protestant Christians. By using Strauss and Corbin’s grounded theory data analysis, themes emerged to reveal how these Christians conceived of and experienced grace. Specifically, results indicated that these Christians most often spoke of “undeservedness” as the primary characteristic from which all other conceptions of grace flowed. The notion of grace being God’s undeserved gifts framed four important dimensions of the conservative Protestant understanding and experience of grace: (a) it specified components of salvific grace, (b) it identified an ongoing grace, (c) it cultivated specific outcomes, and (d) it highlighted distinct obstacles that make it difficult to grasp God’s grace. These findings expand the current body of literature regarding religiosity in that they highlight the primacy of divine grace as central to the religious experience of conservative Christians.
Early vocabulary in two varieties of South American Spanish: Quantitative and qualitative differences
Authors: Resches Mariela , Junyent Andrea , Fernández-Flecha María , Blume María , Kohan-Cortada Ana
Published: June 2023

This article presents a cross-cultural comparison of the size and composition of the expressive vocabulary of young children speaking two dialectal varieties of South American Spanish. Ninety-one Peruvian and 91 Argentinian toddlers (mean age: 22.5 months), matched on gender, age and maternal education, were assessed through the respective adaptations of the MacArthur-Bates Communicative Development Inventories. Results revealed a vocabulary growth compatible with a spurt in both groups. A marginally significant country-by-gender interaction indicated that while Argentinian children exhibited an accelerated lexical growth before age 2;0 regardless of gender, only Peruvian girls did so; Peruvian boys presented a more gradual and later increase. We also found between-group qualitative differences in vocabulary composition: Argentinian toddlers with vocabularies of up to 100 words exhibited a significantly higher proportion of Nouns, while Peruvian children, especially those with a lexical mass under 50 words, had a higher percentage of Social words. Both findings are discussed in terms of possible cross-cultural differences linked to input quality and early interactions, and avenues for further research are proposed.
Effect of Nasal Irrigation in Children With Omicron Variant of COVID-19 Infection
Authors: Liu Li , Wang Chen , Xie Shuangshuang , Su Liang , Wang Can
Published: June 2023

Objective: To explore the effect of nasal irrigation on the disappearance of symptoms and nucleic acid conversion in children with Omicron variant. Methods: This quasi-experimental study included children diagnosed with asymptomatic, mild, and moderate Omicron variant infection during the isolation observation period in the Shandong Public Health Clinical Center between April 1, 2022 and May 1, 2022. The children were divided into a routine group (received Lianhua Qingwen (LhQw) Granules), isotonic saline group (received LhQw Granules combined with isotonic saline nasal irrigation), and hypertonic saline group (received LhQw Granules combined with 3% hypertonic saline nasal irrigation), respectively. The primary outcomes were the time of symptom disappearance and nucleic acid conversion time. The secondary outcomes were peripheral white blood cell count (WBC), lymphocyte count (LYM), neutrophil count (NEU), and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels. Results: A total of 60 children (7.26 ± 3.15 years old) were included (20 per group). The average time of nucleic acid conversion in the 2 saline nasal irrigation groups was significantly reduced compared with the routine group (all P < 0.001), while the fever time and cough duration among the 3 groups were comparable (all P > 0.05). LYM count in the 2 saline nasal irrigation groups was significantly increased after treatment compared to before treatment and was significantly higher than in the routine group (all P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in LYM count between the isotonic and hypertonic saline groups ( P = 0.76). Additionally, all children in the saline group well tolerated the treatment, and no adverse events occurred in the isotonic saline group. Conclusions: Timely use of saline nasal irrigation may promote nucleic acid conversion in children with Omicron virus infection.
Jeremiah’s Laments as Effective Speech
Authors: Mastnjak Nathan
Published: June 2023

In his laments, the prophet Jeremiah moves beyond the typical prophetic role of spokesperson. Rather than mediating a divine message, the prophet speaks to the deity from his own suffering. Scholars tend to see Jeremiah’s laments as presenting either a radically interior form of religion or a kind of community protest in which the “I” of the lament is a metonymy for the “we” of the nation. This paper will instead locate Jeremiah’s laments within a discourse on the effective nature of prophetic utterance. Understood in this manner, these laments portray the prophet as praying effectively for the destruction of Judah.
Evaluation of Airport Pavement Designs for Seasonal Frost and Permafrost Conditions
Authors: Ashtiani Ali Z. , Parsons Timothy A. , Brill David R.
Published: June 2023

In recent years, the Alaskan Region of the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) reported performance issues with some flexible airport pavements. The issues were attributed to changes in the thermal regime of the permafrost layers resulting from a warming trend. The poor pavement performance was also caused by such factors as improper design and construction. The FAA Airport Technology Research and Development Branch selected three runways with an asphalt surface from three airports in Alaska and reviewed the pavement failures, design, and construction histories to determine the causes and contributing factors of flexible pavement performance issues. The goal was to determine if and where modifications to FAA guidance concerning design and construction in frost and permafrost zones were needed. This paper focuses on identifying frost and permafrost issues at the airports, identifying the design criteria used at the airports, and determining how closely the design criteria and construction practices followed FAA guidance. The work also recreates the pavement design for each runway, following FAA guidance in effect at the time of the design. Researchers identified areas of the FAA frost and permafrost design criteria that are silent or subject to conflicting interpretation. The paper provides recommendations for possible improvements to current FAA guidance with respect to frost and permafrost design, based on findings from the design reviews. The recommendations target Advisory Circulars 150/5320-6G and 150/5270-10H and are intended to address the design- and construction-related issues.
Education and Communalism in Colonial India: The Context of the 1930s
Authors: Deepak Mahesh Kumar
Published: June 2023

The decade of the 1930s appears to be one of the most tumultuous as well as complex in the timeline of India’s anti-colonial struggle. It witnessed a close interplay of community-based identities and their politico-cultural manifestations. Education was one such important cultural attribute which increasingly pervaded the political domain. Its various manifestations, viz., language, script, textbooks and curriculum, etc., gradually acquired political connotations. Such a process began with the nineteenth-century socio-religious reform movements when in the pursuit of cultural nationalism, education and its symbols were appropriated to create community-specific cultural identities. One of the key objectives of this article is to delineate the process by which this appropriation resurfaced with much more vigour during the 1930s; this time associating itself with the idea of separate nationhood. Thus, the category of education was used as an agency to create and further accentuate sociocultural identities with specific political dimensions. Also, a critical observation of the ideological tussle, associated with the various symbols of education during the 1930s, along with the structures of British colonialism would unravel the process which culminated in the Pakistan Resolution of the Muslim League (1940) and ultimately the Partition of India. This would also reveal that amongst a section of Muslims, cultural alienation preceded political alienation.
Prevalence of juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus in Colombia: An approach from the national health registry data
Authors: Martín-Marín Lorena , Fernández-Ávila Daniel G , Espitia-Caro Greis P
Published: June 2023

Background

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic, systemic, autoimmune disease of multifactorial origin. There are no previous studies in Colombia describing juvenile SLE (jSLE) prevalence, prompting this demographic description.

Objective

This study aimed for prevalence calculation and epidemiologic analysis of jSLE) in Colombian patients, ages 0–19, from 2015 to 2019.

Methods

This descriptive, cross-sectional study searched the Colombian Ministry of Health database for codes of the International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision (ICD-10) associated with jSLE to estimate the disease prevalence for the total population and for specific age groups at national and regional levels. Calculations used intercensal estimates of population based on the projections of the national statistics administrative department (DANE) from the most recent census. This paper presents a sociodemographic analysis of patients with jSLE.

Results

The study identified in Colombia, from 2015 to 2019, 3680 cases with jSLE as the principal diagnosis. Calculated prevalence of jSLE was 25 cases per 100,000 population, with highest frequency in ages 15–19 and females (84%), with a female:male ratio of 5.1:1.

Conclusion

Estimated prevalence of jSLE in Colombia is at the highest limit of worldwide findings. Consistent with reports in the literature, the disease involves females more frequently than males.
A Novel Flexible Fixation Method for Syndesmotic Injury
Authors: Dong Quan Yu , Wu Yong , Wang Chen Han , Park Yong Wook
Published: June 2023

Background:

This study aims to evaluate the results and the safety of a novel fixation method we developed for syndesmosis injuries that we call the “embrace” technique.

Methods:

Between March 2018 and October 2020, a total of 67 patients with ankle fractures and syndesmotic injuries underwent syndesmosis fixation with the embrace technique at our institute. Plain radiographs and computed tomographic (CT) scans were obtained preoperatively. Postoperative radiographic assessment included anteroposterior (AP) and lateral radiographs and CT scans of both ankles. Additionally, the American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society (AOFAS) Ankle-Hindfoot Score, Olerud-Molander Ankle Score, and visual analog scale (VAS) score were used for postoperative assessment.

Results:

The mean age was 27.6 ± 10.9 (range, 14-56) years. The mean follow-up time was 30.3 ± 6.2 (range, 24-48) months. There were no malreductions indicated by any CT parameter except fibular rotation in a postoperative comparison between 2 sides. We found significant preoperative-postoperative changes in anterior difference, posterior difference, and fibular rotation but no significant preoperative-postoperative difference in fibular translation. There was no significant postoperative difference between the affected-side and normal-side measurements of any parameter. Complications included delayed wound healing, lateral pain because of wire knot irritation (11.9%), and medial fiber wire irritation (7.5%). The mean AOFAS, Olerud-Molander, and VAS scores at the last follow-up were 94.4 ± 6.8 (range, 84-100), 95.4 ± 6.1 (range, 80-100), and 0.68 ± 1.0 (range, 0-3) points, respectively.

Conclusion:

In our cohort, this novel technique proved to be an effective method for syndesmosis fixation in patients with ankle fractures associated with very good radiologic and patient-reported outcomes.

Level of Evidence:

Level IV, case series.
Exposure of Tissue-Engineered Cartilage Analogs to Synovial Fluid Hematoma After Ankle Fracture Is Associated With Chondrocyte Death and Altered Cartilage Maintenance Gene Expression
Authors: Allen Nicholas B. , Aitchison Alexandra Hunter , Bagheri Kian , Guardino Nicholas J. , Abar Bijan , Adams Samuel B.
Published: June 2023

Background:

The first stage of fracture healing consists of hematoma formation with recruitment of proinflammatory cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases. Unfortunately, when there is an intra-articular fracture, these inflammatory mediators are not retained at the fracture site, but instead, envelop the healthy cartilage of the entire joint via the synovial fluid fracture hematoma (SFFH). These inflammatory cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases are known factors in the progression of osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. Despite the known inflammatory contents of the SFFH, little research has been done on the effects of the SFFH on healthy cartilage with regard to cell death and alteration in gene expression that could lead to posttraumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA).

Methods:

SFFH was collected from 12 patients with intraarticular ankle fracture at the time of surgery. Separately, C20A4 immortalized human chondrocytes were 3-dimensionally cultured to create scaffold-free cartilage tissue analogs (CTAs) to simulate healthy cartilage. Experimental CTAs (n = 12) were exposed to 100% SFFH for 3 days, washed, and transferred to complete media for 3 days. Control CTAs (n = 12) were simultaneously cultured in complete medium without exposure to SFFH. Subsequently, CTAs were harvested and underwent biochemical, histological, and gene expression analysis.

Results:

Exposure of CTAs to ankle SFFH for 3 days significantly decreased chondrocyte viability by 34% ( P = .027). Gene expression of both COL2A1 and SOX9 were significantly decreased after exposure to SFFH ( P = .012 and P = .0013 respectively), while there was no difference in COL1A1, RUNX2, and MMP13 gene expression. Quantitative analysis of Picrosirius red staining demonstrated increased collagen I deposition with poor ultrastructural organization in SFFH-exposed CTAs.

Conclusion:

Exposure of an organoid model of healthy cartilage tissue to SFFH after intraarticular ankle fracture resulted in decreased chondrocyte viability, decreased expression of genes regulating normal chondrocyte phenotype, and altered matrix ultrastructure indicating differentiation toward an osteoarthritis phenotype.

Clinical Relevance:

The majority of ankle fracture open reduction and internal fixation does not occur immediately after fracture. In fact, typically these fractures are treated several days to weeks later in order to let the swelling subside. This means that the healthy innocent bystander cartilage not involved in the fracture is exposed to SFFH during this time. In this study, the SFFH caused decreased chondrocyte viability and specific altered gene expression that might have the potential to induce osteoarthritis. These data suggest that early intervention after intraarticular ankle fracture could possibly mitigate progression toward PTOA.
Educational Technology: Barrier or Bridge to Equitable Access to Advanced Learning Opportunities?
Authors: Bright Sarah , Calvert Eric
Published: June 2023

Project OCCAMS (Online Curriculum Consortium for Accelerating Middle School) is a collaboration between the Center for Talent Development at Northwestern University, the Center for Gifted Education at The College of William & Mary, and Columbus Public Schools with a goal of providing accelerated learning in language arts aimed at increasing achievement and increasing participation in advanced courses in high school among students from racial and economic subgroups underrepresented in traditional gifted education services. Using a critical technology theoretical framework that examines the impact of technology on people at the individual, educational, and global levels and addresses questions around appropriate use, accessibility, and impact, project outcomes are explored through an interpretive focus on equity, including impacts on student achievement as well as students’ subjective experiences in the program. Potential implications for broader efforts in the field of gifted education to reduce disproportionality in gifted identification and close opportunity and excellence gaps beyond gifted identification reforms are also explored.
Dispositions Promote or Inhibit Cultural Competence and Anti-racism: Discussion and Resources for Gifted Education
Authors: Ford Donna Y. , Hines Erik M. , Fletcher Edward C. , Mayes Renae D. , Middleton Tanya J. , Moore James L.
Published: June 2023

This article addresses first what students and professionals know and do not know about cultural competence and anti-racism. The authors then focus on dispositions (what students and professionals want to know and do not want to know), and then skills (e.g., strategies, techniques, resources). They suggest that being skilled in cultural differences depends extensively on the degree of information known or not known, along with the desire or will to learn (or not) about culture and cultural differences, and how to be anti-racist. They conclude by offering recommendations to school administrators in recruiting and retaining teachers and school counselors that reflect the student population within their schools.
Survival Benefits From Adjuvant Lenvatinib for Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Microvascular Invasion After Curative Hepatectomy
Authors: Dai Mu-Gen , Liu Si-Yu , Lu Wen-Feng , Liang Lei , Ye Bin
Published: June 2023

Background:

The long-term prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after surgery remains far from satisfactory, especially in patients with microvascular invasion (MVI). This study aimed to evaluate the potential survival benefit from adjuvant lenvatinib for patients with HCC and MVI.

Methods:

Patients with HCC after curative hepatectomy were reviewed. All patients were divided into 2 groups according to adjuvant lenvatinib. Propensity score matching (PSM) analysis was used to reduce selection bias and make the results more robust. Survival curves are shown by the Kaplan-Meier (K-M) analysis and compared by the Log-rank test. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to determine the independent risk factors.

Results:

Of 179 patients enrolled in this study, 43 (24%) patients received adjuvant lenvatinib. After PSM analysis, 31 pairs of patients were enrolled for further analysis. Survival analysis before and after PSM analysis showed a better prognosis in the adjuvant lenvatinib group (all P < .05). The adverse events associated with oral lenvatinib were acceptable. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that adjuvant lenvatinib was an independent protective factor for improving overall survival (OS) (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.455, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.249-0.831, P = .001) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) (HR = 0.523, 95% CI = 0.308-0.886, P = .016).

Conclusions:

Postoperative adjuvant targeted therapy can improve the long-term prognosis of patients with HCC and MVI. Therefore, in clinical practice, oral lenvatinib should be recommended for patients with HCC and MVI to decrease tumor recurrence and improve long-term survival.
Disused coal tip management in Wales: environmental regulation under climate change
Authors: Lee Robert G
Published: June 2023

In view of recent coal tip failures in Wales under pressures of climate change conditions, particularly severe rainfall, the Welsh Government has committed to taking preventive action to address threats associated with disused coal tips, which number more than 2,500. This legislation is currently under development, aided by a report from the Law Commission of England and Wales, which recommended the creation of a coal tips register and the designation of an authority for overseeing inspections, assessing risk levels, and ensuring appropriate management. Whilst the intent of such regulatory action on coal tips is the protection of both public safety and environmental health, paradoxically a central barrier to an effective regime is the body of environmental regulations which constrain development. This article reviews such tensions in areas such as waste management, environmental permitting, habitat protection, ecological assessments, and nature conservation, before considering potential solutions to enable timely implementation of coal tip safety measures whilst safeguarding long-term ecological health and sustainability. The conclusion reflects on how the issue of disused coal tip safety serves as a harbinger of the types of legislative challenges likely to arise under climate change.
Building Support Through the Personalization of Twitter Messages in a Permanent Campaign
Authors: Gaynor SoRelle W. , Gimpel James G.
Published: June 2023

Not all aspects of a campaign are issue-oriented, nor are many voters. A candidate builds mass support largely by appearing warm, friendly, and likable, not only by propagating their viewpoints on controversial issues. Based on a prominent candidate’s Twitter accounts and the associated analytics, our research analyzes the online content and reaction to every post across a four-year period, both before and after a major general election. Twitter’s analytic measures demonstrate how a campaign uses social media to accomplish very different outreach goals. Warm and non-politically oriented messages attract broad support in the form of audience likes but are not retweeted with as much frequency as messages that are less liked but more politically pointed. The undeniable popularity of personal, earnest messages underscores the power of the social media platform to present candidates in an approachable and convivial way, despite the necessity of taking positions on difficult issues.
Comparative Effectiveness of Delivery Methods of the Complete Health Improvement Program (CHIP)
Authors: Drozek David S. , Jensen Laura L. , Henderson Katrina M. , Chavan Bhakti
Published: June 2023

The Complete Health Improvement Program (CHIP) is effective in improving cardiovascular disease risk via the original live recorded DVD (DIS) and a revised studio recorded video versions (VIS), both presented in-person synchronously. The studio version was also presented in-person asynchronously (VIA) and virtually asynchronously (VVA).

Assess the comparative effectiveness of four delivery methods of CHIP.

Participants had biomarkers measured at baseline and after the 11th session: blood pressure (SBP, DBP), body mass index (BMI), fasting blood glucose (FBG), and lipid panel (TC, TG, LDL-c, HDL-c). ANCOVA was utilized to evaluate the interaction over time by group.

Of 792 participants, the majority female in all groups (71.2-80.7%), mean age ranged 47.0–55.8 years. All methods showed significant changes in all biomarkers measured over time except for TG and SBP in VIA, TG in VVA and DBP in VIS. The time by delivery method interaction was significant for HDL-c (F value = 6.33, P = .0003), BMI (F value = 4.04, P = .007), systolic BP (F value = 4.33, P = .004). DIS was most effective in reducing HDL-c, BMI and systolic BP.

While all four methods yielded significant changes in biomarkers, the in-person, synchronous delivery method produced the largest improvements.
Highly Active Middle School Athletes Demonstrate Poor Motor Skill Proficiency
Authors: Butler Lauren S. , Sugimoto Dai , Erdman Ashley , Yoder Jason , Greiner Kayla , Larroque Cynthia , Latz Kevin , Loewen Alex , Wyatt Charles W. , DeVerna Amie ,   PRiSM Injury Prevention Research Interest Group, Ulman Sophia
Published: June 2023

Background:

Fundamental movement skills (FMS) are critical components to lifelong participation in sports and physical activity. With the rise in early sports specialization, mastery of motor skills may be limited in youth athletes. The purpose of this study was to assess FMS proficiency in highly active middle school athletes and determine whether proficiency differed between specialization levels and sex.

Hypothesis:

(1) Most athletes would fail to achieve proficiency in all domains of the Test of Gross Motor Development (TGMD-2), (2) highly specialized athletes would demonstrate lower proficiency in all domains of the TGMD-2, and (3) male athletes would demonstrate higher proficiency than female athletes.

Study Design:

Cross-sectional.

Level of Evidence:

Level 4.

Methods:

A total of 91 athletes were recruited (44 male, 12.6 ± 0.9 years). Activity level was quantified using the Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) Pediatric Functional Activity Brief Scale (Pedi-FABS), specialization level was determined using the Jayanthi Specialization Scale, and the TGMD-2 was used to assess FMS proficiency. Descriptive statistics were used to describe gross motor, locomotor, and object control percentile rank. A 1-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to assess differences in percentile rank between low, moderate, and high specialization groups and independent samples t tests were used to compare sexes ( α < 0.05).

Results:

Mean Pedi-FABS score was 23.6 ± 4.9. In total, 24.2%, 38.5%, and 37.4% of athletes classified as low, moderate, and highly specialized, respectively. Mean percentile ranks were 56.2%, 64.7%, and 62.6% for locomotor, object control, and gross motor domains, respectively. No athlete achieved a percentile rank >99% in any domain of the TGMD-2, and there was no significant difference between specialization groups or sex.

Conclusion:

Despite high activity levels, no athlete demonstrated proficiency in any domain of the TGMD-2, and there was no difference in proficiency between specialization levels or by sex.

Clinical Relevance:

Sport participation, regardless of level, does not ensure adequate mastery of FMS.
Arriving at a question: Retrospections on post-qualitative slow research with children
Authors: Biswas Tanu , Mubasher Enaya
Published: June 2023

This article presents retrospections on selected methodological explications of a slow research process with child citizens living in the urban, Sør-Trondelag region of Norway. The process was akin to what Gallacher and Gallagher have termed “muddling through” and was about primarily about ‘arriving at, asking and then attempting to answer the question: What is the scope for the philosophical blossoming of adults when they enter children’s playfully constructed worlds as guests? Particularly, I engage with a post-empirical phase colloquium with one of my main co-explorers, Enaya Mubasher, in the Child and Youth Seminar at the Department of Education and Lifelong Learning, University of Trondheim (Norway) in March 2017. Enaya, a (primary school student at that time) and I first met in 2012 during our commonly shared time in a kindergarten in Trondheim, where I was a kindergarten assistant for Enaya’s group and played with Enaya as part of my job. While I did not first meet Enaya as a “research participant,” our relationship evolved into a co-explorer dynamic after I had stopped working in the kindergarten. Playing with Enaya, included among other efforts, consistently playing with my understanding of what it means to be “me” as an independent “I,” and with it what was expected of me as an (adult) researcher within adult-centric institutional framings. The retrospections accentuate relationality as a defining dimension of rationality in research processes to advance conversations at the intersections of postqualitative and slow research with children from a childist standpoint.
Altered whole-brain resting-state functional connectivity and brain network topology in typhoon-related post-traumatic stress disorder
Authors: Chen Hui Juan , Ke Jun , Qiu Jie , Xu Qiang , Zhong Yuan , Lu Guang Ming , Wu Yanglei , Qi Rongfeng , Chen Feng
Published: June 2023

Background:

Altered resting-state functional connectivity has been found in patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, the alteration of resting-state functional connectivity at whole-brain level in typhoon-traumatized individuals with PTSD remains largely unknown.

Objectives:

To investigate changes in whole-brain resting-state functional connectivity and brain network topology in typhoon-traumatized subjects with and without PTSD.

Design:

Cross-sectional study.

Methods:

Twenty-seven patients with typhoon-related PTSD, 33 trauma-exposed controls (TEC), and 30 healthy controls (HC) underwent resting-state functional MRI scanning. The whole brain resting-state functional connectivity network was constructed based on the automated anatomical labeling atlas. The graph theory method was used to analyze the topological properties of the large-scale resting-state functional connectivity network. Whole-brain resting-state functional connectivity and the topological network property were compared by analyzing the variance.

Results:

There was no significant difference in the area under the curve of γ, λ, σ, global efficiency, and local efficiency among the three groups. The PTSD group showed increased dorsal cingulate cortex (dACC) resting-state functional connectivity with the postcentral gyrus (PoCG) and paracentral lobe and increased nodal betweenness centrality in the precuneus relative to both control groups. Compared with the PTSD and HC groups, the TEC group showed increased resting-state functional connectivity between the hippocampus and PoCG and increased connectivity strength in the putamen. In addition, compared with the HC group, both the PTSD and TEC groups showed increased connectivity strength and nodal efficiency in the insula.

Conclusion:

Aberrant resting-state functional connectivity and topology were found in all trauma-exposed individuals. These findings broaden our knowledge of the neuropathological mechanisms of PTSD.
Technology-Assisted Reading Instruction for English Language Learners: A Methodological Review
Authors: Zuo (左心阅) Xinyue , Ives Denise
Published: June 2023

Purpose

By methodologically reviewing the literature on Technology-Assisted Reading Instruction (TARI) for English Language Learners (ELLs) in K-12 settings, this study aims to advance the knowledge of TARI research and guide future research directions.

Design/Approach/Methods

This study examines 32 peer-reviewed journal articles published between 2000 and 2020. Each article was analyzed for research objectives, reading skills, learner demographics and contexts, theoretical frameworks, research designs, and outcomes.

Findings

A review of the literature reveals a strong focus on evaluating the efficacy of TARI through summative assessments, but limited attention to learners’ literacy practices and interactive engagement in digital contexts. Additionally, there is a marked lack of alternative approaches to assessing the effectiveness of technology in promoting ELLs’ reading progression and a continued emphasis on developing traditional literacy over multimodal literacy. TARI can enhance reading motivation, foster collaborative learning, provide scaffolding, improve reading performance, and expand semiotic resources.

Originality/Value

As one of the first comprehensive methodological reviews of TARI, this study elucidates ELL reading education in the era of multiliteracy. Results have implications for technology-mediated education, which expanded rapidly during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Trust in Health Care Providers, Anxiety, Knowledge, Adherence to Guidelines, and Mental Healthcare Needs Regarding the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Green Gizell , Tesler Riki
Published: June 2023

The mechanisms of the connections among anxiety, mental healthcare needs, and adherence to the COVID-19 pandemic guidelines are unknown. The study aims to explore model assumptions: (H1) Anxiety about COVID-19 will influence the perception of mental health needs via knowledge about COVID-19 as a mediator. (H2) Anxiety will influence adherence to guidelines via knowledge about COVID-19 as a mediator. (H3) Trust in health care will positively influence adherence to guidelines. We conducted a cross-sectional design study with a convenience sample. Participants consisted of 547 people across Israel. The questionnaire included trust in health care, anxiety, knowledge, adherence to guidelines, and mental health care needs regarding COVID-19 variables. Path analysis revealed knowledge about COVID-19 as partly mediating anxiety and mental healthcare needs during the pandemic, as well as partly mediating anxiety and adherence to the pandemic guidelines. Moreover, we found that trust in healthcare affects adherence to the pandemic guidelines. Therefore, it is important to design an intervention program for the public providing accessible, reliable information about the pandemic, including, and emphasizing mental healthcare needs and rationale of adherence to the guidelines.
Stiffness and Instability After MPFL Reconstruction Using a Fluoroscopic Versus Open Technique to Localize the Femoral Attachment Site: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Heindel Koan , Smoak Jason , Kocan Joseph , Cossell Charles , Haider Mohammad Nadir , Levy Benjamin J. , Bisson Leslie
Published: June 2023

Background:

Open and fluoroscopic techniques have been described for localization of the femoral attachment site in medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction. No study to date has evaluated if one technique is superior to another in terms of complications.

Purpose:

To review the literature comparing clinical outcomes of MPFL reconstruction using the fluoroscopic versus open technique to localize the site of femoral graft placement.

Study Design:

Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4.

Methods:

A systematic literature review was performed via PubMed, Embase, and CINAHL to identify articles published between the inception of these databases and March 1, 2022, in accordance with the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. This search yielded 4183 publications for initial review. Studies with at least a 2-year follow-up and complete reporting of patient-reported outcomes, range of motion, recurrent instability, and/or complications (ie, stiffness, infection, persistent pain) were included. We excluded studies of patients with collagen disorders; revision surgeries; surgeries with concomitant procedures; synthetic MPFL reconstruction; MPFL repairs; combined open and radiographic technique; and case series that included <10 patients. A proportional meta-analysis was performed by calculating the pooled estimate of incidence with 95% CIs using a fixed-effects model with double arcsine transformation (Freeman-Tukey) for each type of surgical technique (fluoroscopic or open).

Results:

A total of 29 studies met our inclusion criteria, of which 15 studies (566 patients) used the open technique and 14 studies (620 patients) used fluoroscopy. There were no significant differences between the open and fluoroscopic techniques in the incidence of postoperative apprehension ( P = .4826), postoperative subjective instability ( P = .1095), postoperative objective instability ( P = .5583), reoperations ( P = .7981), recurrent dislocation ( P = .6690), or arthrofibrosis ( P = .8118).

Conclusion:

Both open and radiographic localization of the femoral graft position in MPFL reconstruction offer similar outcomes and rates of complications.