bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sharing a Personal Trainer: Personal and Social Benefits of Individualized, Small-Group Training
Authors: Wayment Heidi A. , McDonald Rachael L.
Published: March 2017

Wayment, HA and McDonald, RL. Sharing a personal trainer: personal and social benefits of individualized, small-group training. J Strength Cond Res 31(11): 3137–3145, 2017—We examined a novel personal fitness training program that combines personal training principles in a small-group training environment. In a typical training session, exercisers warm-up together but receive individualized training for 50 minutes with 1–5 other adults who range in age, exercise experience, and goals for participation. Study participants were 98 regularly exercising adult members of a fitness studio in the southwestern United States (64 women and 32 men), aged 19–78 years (mean, 46.52 years; SD = 14.15). Average membership time was 2 years (range, 1–75 months; mean, 23.54 months; SD = 20.10). In collaboration with the program directors, we developed a scale to assess satisfaction with key features of this unique training program. Participants completed an online survey in Fall 2015. Hypotheses were tested with a serial mediator model (model 6) using the SPSS PROCESS module. In support of the basic tenets of self-determination theory, satisfaction with small-group, individualized training supported basic psychological needs, which in turn were associated with greater autonomous exercise motivation and life satisfaction. Satisfaction with this unique training method was also associated with greater exercise self-efficacy. Autonomous exercise motivation was associated with both exercise self-efficacy and greater self-reported health and energy. Discussion focuses on why exercise programs that foster a sense of social belonging (in addition to motivation and efficacy) may be helpful for successful adherence to an exercise program.
Thyroid function in children and adolescents with Hashimoto's thyroiditis after l-thyroxine discontinuation
Authors: Radetti Giorgio , Salerno Mariacarolina , Guzzetti Chiara , Cappa Marco , Corrias Andrea , Cassio Alessandra , Cesaretti Graziano , Gastaldi Roberto , Rotondi Mario , Lupi Fiorenzo , Fanolla Antonio , Weber Giovanna , Loche Sandro
Published: March 2017

Objective

Thyroid function may recover in patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT).

Design

To investigate thyroid function and the need to resume l-thyroxine treatment after its discontinuation.

Setting

Nine Italian pediatric endocrinology centers.

Patients

148 children and adolescents (25 m and 123 f) with HT on treatment with l-thyroxine for at least one year.

Intervention and main outcome measure

Treatment was discontinued in all patients, and serum TSH and fT4 concentrations were measured at the time of treatment discontinuation and then after 2, 6, 12 and 24 months. Therapy with l-thyroxine was re-instituted when TSH rose >10 U/L and/or fT4 was below the normal range. The patients were followed up when TSH concentrations were between 5 and 10 U/L and fT4 was in the normal range.

Results

At baseline, TSH was in the normal range in 139 patients, and was between 5 and 10 U/L in 9 patients. Treatment was re-instituted after 2 months in 37 (25.5%) patients, after 6 months in 13 patients (6.99%), after 12 months in 12 patients (8.6%), and after 24 months in an additional 3 patients (3.1%). At 24 months, 34 patients (34.3%) still required no treatment. TSH concentration >10 U/L at the time of diagnosis was the only predictive factor for the deterioration of thyroid function after l-thyroxine discontinuation.

Conclusions

This study confirms that not all children with HT need life-long therapy with l-thyroxine, and the discontinuation of treatment in patients with a TSH level <10 U/L at the time of diagnosis should be considered.
From benign adrenal incidentaloma to adrenocortical carcinoma: an exceptional random event
Authors: Belmihoub I , Silvera S , Sibony M , Dousset B , Legmann P , Bertagna X , Bertherat J , Assié G
Published: March 2017

New European guidelines for the management of adrenal incidentalomas were recently released. One of the most novel recommendations is to stop following patients when they present a typical, small and non-secreting adenoma. We report here the case of a 71-year-old man with such an adenoma, who developed an adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) fourteen years later, with subsequent metastases and death. Clinically, he had a normal blood pressure and no sign of hormonal hypersecretion. The hormonal work-up showed no hormone excess: urinary free cortisol level was normal, the diurnal cortisol rhythm was respected and urinary catecholamine metabolites levels were normal. Computed tomography (CT) scan showed a homogeneous lesion, with a low density. The lesion remained unchanged during the five years of follow-up. Eight years after the last CT, a large right heterogeneous adrenal mass was incidentally discovered during an ultrasound examination. On CT scan, it was a 6 cm heterogeneous tumor. On hormonal work-up, there was no secretion. The patient was operated of an adrenalectomy, and the histology described an ACC with a Weiss score at 8, with no benign contingent. To our knowledge, this is the first case of an ACC occurring in a patient with prior adrenal imaging showing a typical benign adenoma.
GeneImp: Fast Imputation to Large Reference Panels Using Genotype Likelihoods from Ultralow Coverage Sequencing
Authors: Spiliopoulou Athina , Colombo Marco , Orchard Peter , Agakov Felix , McKeigue Paul
Published: March 2017

We address the task of genotype imputation to a dense reference panel given genotype likelihoods computed from ultralow coverage sequencing as inputs. In this setting, the data have a high-level of missingness or uncertainty, and are thus more amenable to a probabilistic representation. Most existing imputation algorithms are not well suited for this situation, as they rely on prephasing for computational efficiency, and, without definite genotype calls, the prephasing task becomes computationally expensive. We describe GeneImp, a program for genotype imputation that does not require prephasing and is computationally tractable for whole-genome imputation. GeneImp does not explicitly model recombination, instead it capitalizes on the existence of large reference panels—comprising thousands of reference haplotypes—and assumes that the reference haplotypes can adequately represent the target haplotypes over short regions unaltered. We validate GeneImp based on data from ultralow coverage sequencing (0.5×), and compare its performance to the most recent version of BEAGLE that can perform this task. We show that GeneImp achieves imputation quality very close to that of BEAGLE, using one to two orders of magnitude less time, without an increase in memory complexity. Therefore, GeneImp is the first practical choice for whole-genome imputation to a dense reference panel when prephasing cannot be applied, for instance, in datasets produced via ultralow coverage sequencing. A related future application for GeneImp is whole-genome imputation based on the off-target reads from deep whole-exome sequencing.
Circuito de festas de música “alternativa” na área central de São Paulo: cidade, corporalidades, juventude
Authors: Pereira Simone Luci
Published: March 2017

Apresentamos a cartografia de um circuito de festas de música “alternativa” que vem ocupando espaços nas áreas centrais de São Paulo e protagonizado por coletivos juvenis que atuam no campo da produção cultural na cidade. Buscamos compreender aspectos da economia política da produção musicalmidiática nas bordas do mainsntream; e estilos de vida, corporalidades, práticas e imaginários juvenis nas culturas urbanas. Usamos como metodologia a etnografia nas festas, com observação e entrevistas com os organizadores e frequentadores, bem como a análise dos sites/fanpages dos coletivos e das festas, em seus conteúdos verbais, sonoros e imagéticos para compreender suas identidades juvenis, estéticas, políticas. Alguns dos resultados já indicam que neste circuito de festas há uma busca de identidades e matrizes musicais e culturais afrolatinas (brasileira, caribenha, africana); mesclas de estéticas globais commusicalidades tradicionais dançantes; atuação de jovens engajados em estilos de vida e de consumo “alternativo” evidenciado em gostos musicais, vestuário, alimentação, posturas políticas.
A Práxis reflexiva das relações públicas no contexto da sociedade midiatizada: uma proposta teórico-prática para o ensino em ambiências digitais
Authors: Lasta Elisangela , Barichello Eugenia Maria Mariano da Rocha
Published: March 2017

O problema desta pesquisa está ancorado no pressuposto de que o atual contexto da sociedade midiatizada movimenta os conceitos relativos à práxis das relações públicas. O objetivo é apresentar uma proposta para o ensino das relações públicas em ambiências digitais baseada em seis itens: 1º) identificação do objetivo; 2º) exame crítico das práticas; 3º) busca de explicações e de alternativas; 4º) experimentação de modos alternativos de fazer; 5º) revisão das estratégias; 6º) realização de novas experiências e reflexões. A metodologia inclui pesquisa empírica e os resultados levam a ponderar a íntima relação entre a teoria e o empírico e a pensar este ensino sob um ciclo recursivo.
O retrato da tristeza. A representação do sujeito público na carte-de-visite oitocentista na Coleção Francisco Rodrigues.
Authors: Silva Jr. José Da
Published: March 2017

O texto problematiza o alinhamento dos códigos visuais no retrato oitocentista, sobretudo no formato da carte de visite, a uma ordem mais ampla de códigos sociais que disciplinam a forma de apresentação da imagem pública do sujeito. Toma como dado inicial a ausência do riso nas fotografias da coleção como um elemento impositivo para a composição visual do retrato oitocentista. Tem como corpus de análise as fotografias da Coleção Francisco Rodrigues, abrigada na Fundação Joaquim Nabuco, em Recife. Destarte, o objetivo é compreender, usando a abordagem historiográfica e iconográfica, a interdependência e complementariedade existente entre o entorno social e a fotografia. Tal situação produz um contrato entre o fotógrafo, o sujeito e a pose como articulação que vai gerir a autoimagem projetada do sujeito e orientar os protocolos de encenação para a câmera.
Torcer el remolino de injusticia: teatro, campesinado peruano y denuncia social en Víctor Zavala
Authors: Gallardo-Saborido Emilio J.
Published: March 2017

O teatro do peruano Víctor Zavala Cataño (Huamantanga, 1932) oferece uma proposta de reivindicação do campesinato peruano sustentada por uma leitura marxista da realidade andina. Através da análise das peças do seu volume seminal Teatro campesino (1969) e do posterior Teatro popular I (1984), esta contribuição indaga nos traços ideológicos e artísticos destes textos. Neste sentido destaca, de um lado, a representação do camponês indígena como sujeito político autónomo, disposto a reagir de um modo revolucionário aos opressores. De outro, o trabalho de Zavala como aclimatador dos ensinamentos de Bertolt Brecht ao contexto dos Andes peruanos para assim elaborar seu discurso artístico e político. Deste modo, suas criações se inserem na tradição literária indigenista peruana, mas contam com a particularidade de se articular principalmente através do teatro. A relevância que o camponês indígena obtém nas obras de Zavala rompe com o passado e ao mesmo tempo abre uma trilha que nos anos seguintes percorrerão em profusão outros autores e grupos teatrais.
Idle No More: del reconocimiento al resurgimiento indígena en Canadá
Authors: Altamirano Isabel , Castro-Rea Julian
Published: March 2017

Neste artigo se pretende analizar a constituição do movimento indígena No Más Pasividad de Canadá, as ideias que o sustentam, assim como a evolução das práticas políticas do movimento indígena dos anos 1960 à atualidade. Se optou por combinar o conceito de campo de Bourdieu e de colonialismo de colonos para entender como o contexto indigenista e o tipo de recursos ou capitais que os distintos atores disputavam determinam as limitações do reconhecimento liberal. Se defende que o movimento No Más Passividad não apenas se opõe ao reconhecimento liberal da indianidade e dos direitos indígenas, mas também busca reclamar e reconstituir espaços indígenas autónomos do Estado, assim como redefinir a discussão sobre os direitos indígenas.
State Projects and Indigenous Mobilization in Late Twentieth Century Mexico
Authors: Dillingham Alan Shane
Published: March 2017

Resenha de: MUÑOZ, María L.O. Stand Up and Fight: Participatory Indigenismo, Populism, and Mobilization in Mexico, 1970-1984. Tucson: University of Arizona Press, 2016.
A nova fase da Estudos Ibero-Americano, o indigenismo e as culturas indígenas
Authors: Gonçalves Leandro Pereira , Monteiro Charles , Liebel Vinícius
Published: March 2017

Editorial do volume 43, número 1 (2017) da revista Estudos Ibero-Americanos
Keringő mikroRNS-ek az endokrin daganatok diagnosztikájában
Authors: Decmann Ábel , Perge Pál , Nagy Zoltán , Butz Henriett , Patócs Attila , Igaz Péter
Published: March 2017

Abstract:

MicroRNAs (miRNA, miR) are short – 19–25 nucleotide long – single stranded (in their mature form), non-coding RNA molecules that regulate gene expression mostly at the posttranscriptional level. microRNAs are involved in the regulation of various physiological processes such as cell differentiation and proliferation, development, haematopoesis, cell death, while their aberrant expression is observed in numerous diseases, like autoimmune disorders, inflammations, vascular diseases or tumorigenesis. microRNAs are expressed in a tissue specific fashion. Beyond their appearance in tissues, they can be found in body fluids as well. microRNAs are present in blood, mother milk, semen, saliva, urine, etc. MicroRNAs in body fluids, especially the blood-borne circulating microRNAs can be exploited as minimally invasive biomarkers of tumor diagnosis. The number of endocrine tumor-associated circulating microRNA alterations is relatively low, mostly described for papillary thyroid cancer, adrenocortical cancer, ovarian and neuroendocrine tumors. As the histological diagnosis including the establishment of malignancy of some of these neoplasms is difficult, studies on circulating microRNAs might have great perspectives. Orv. Hetil., 2017, 158(13), 483–490.
Positive thinking and physical activity motivation for one individual with multiple sclerosis: A qualitative case-study
Authors: Hall-McMaster Samuel M. , Treharne Gareth J. , Smith Catherine M.
Published: March 2017

Regular physical activity (PA) is known to benefit individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS) but people with MS tend to do less PA than the general population. Thought processes such as positive thinking may help to explain PA motivation among individuals with MS. The present study investigated thoughts about PA motivation in one man with MS (aged 70 years; pseudonym Norman). We asked Norman to think aloud while completing standardised measures of PA, stages of change, self-efficacy and in response to planned and spontaneous questions. The data were subjected to inductive thematic analysis and two major themes were formulated: positive thinking as Norman’s way to fight against MS; and goals give a positive purpose to Norman’s engagement in PA. Theme one consisted of three subthemes: coping with MS by choosing to think positively; using positivity to maintain control; and using PA to think positively. Theme two consisted of two subthemes: viewing PA as a necessity for goal achievement; and goals providing determination. Norman’s case has implications for  enhancing future physiotherapy interventions. In particular, addressing positive thinking and purposeful goal setting may help physiotherapists to increase PA motivation in individuals with MS and thereby encourage more regular engagement in PA.
Te Vaerua Community Rehabilitation Service: A Participation Action Research study of community based rehabilitation in the Cook Islands
Authors: Washbourn Rebecca , Levack William M. M. , Graham Fiona , Currey Nandika
Published: March 2017

Community based rehabilitation (CBR) is a World Health Organisation initiative to support people with disabilities to attain maximal life participation through locally based programmes. Te Vaerua Community Rehabilitation Team (Te Vaerua) is a provider of CBR in the Cook Islands. This study used a Participatory Action Research (PAR) framework to explore cultural values, motivations for and provision of rehabilitation by Te Vaerua in the Cook Islands. Data was collected through focus groups, interviews, participant observation, and an emergent process of action cycles with local rehabilitation stakeholders. Three key themes were identified: 1) rehabilitation is available, 2) rehabilitation has heart, and 3) rehabilitation gives hope. These themes have an overarching concept of ‘ko te iti tangata te mea maata’ – that people are the most important thing. Rehabilitation was seen as central to broader social objectives to strengthen families, empower Cook Islands citizens, support people to remain in the Cook Islands, and to provide opportunities for people to give back to their  communities. The study concluded that strong relationships between providers and the local community are essential to successfully implement both PAR and CBR.
Patients’ follow-up using biomechanical analysis of rehabilitation exercises
Authors: Bonnechère Bruno , Jansen Bart , Omelina Lubos , Sholukha Victor , Van Sint Jan Serge
Published: March 2017

Thanks to the evolution of game controllers video games are becoming more and more popular in physical rehabilitation. The integration of serious games in rehabilitation has been tested for various pathologies. Parallel to this clinical research, a lot of studies have been done in order to validate the use of these game controllers for simple biomechanical evaluation. Currently, it is thus possible to record the motions performed by the patients during serious gaming exercises for later analysis. Therefore, data collected during the exercises could be used for monitoring the evolution of the patients during long term rehabilitation. Before using the parameters extracted from the games to assess patients’ evolution two important aspects must be verified: the reproducibility of measurement and a possible effect of learning of the task to be performed. Ten healthy adults played 9 sessions of specific games developed for rehabilitation over a 3-weeks period. Nineteen healthy children played 2 sessions to study the influence of age. Different parameters were extracted from the games: time, range of motion, reaching area. Results of this study indicates that it is possible to follow the evolution of the patients during the rehabilitation process. The majority of the learning effect occurred during the very first session. Therefore, in order to allow proper regular monitoring, the results of this first session should not be included in the follow-up of the patient.
Potential for identifying plant-based toxins on San hunter-gatherer arrowheads
Authors: Wooding Madelien , Bradfield Justin , Maharaj Vinesh , Koot Dwayne , Wadley Lyn , Prinsloo Linda , Lombard Marlize
Published: March 2017

The antiquity of the use of hunting poisons has received much attention in recent years. In this paper we present the results of a pilot study designed to detect the presence of organic compounds, typically of less than 1200 Da, from poisonous plants that may have been used as hunting poisons in the past. We used ultra-performance liquid chromatography connected to a Synapt G2 high-resolution MS-QTOF mass spectrometer (UPLC-QTOF-MS) to provisionally identify plant-based toxins present in (1) extracts of fresh plant material, (2) a blind control recipe consisting of three plant ingredients and (3) a Hei||om arrow poison of unknown ingredients. Although not all expected toxic compounds were identified, those that were identified compared favourably with those reported in the literature and confirmed through databases, specifically the Dictionary of Natural Products and ChemSpider. MS/MS fragmentation patterns and accurate mass were used for tentative identification of compounds because archaeological residues usually contain insufficient material for unambiguous identification using nuclear magnetic resonance. We highlight the potential of this method for accurately identifying plant-based toxins present on archaeological artefacts and unique (albeit non-toxic) chemical markers that may allow one to infer the presence of toxic plant ingredients in arrow poisons. Any chemical study of archaeological material should consider the unique environmental degradative factors and be sensitive to the oxidative by-products of toxic compounds.

Significance: 

Methodology is presented for the identification of ancient plant-based arrow poisons.
CANDIDA SPECIES IN THE GENITAL TRACT OF WOMEN ATTENDING A UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL FOR GYNECOLOGICAL INTERVENTIONS
Authors: Felix Thais Chimati , Menezes Ralciane De Paula , Berardi Marilia Cristina , Röder Denise Von Dolinger de Brito , Pedroso Reginaldo Dos Santos
Published: March 2017

Introduction: Vulvovaginal candidiasis occurs in about 75% of all women during reproductive age, and around half of those will have at least one recurrent episode. Objectives: To evaluate the occurrence of Candida species in the genital tract of women attending a clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics at the University Hospital for gynecological interventions, related to signs and symptoms of infection and also to evaluate the susceptibility to antifungal agents of the Candida isolates. Methods and materials: Samples of vaginal secretions were taken of 128 women during gynecological and colposcopic examination, through sterile swab, to carry out culture for fungi. Susceptibility tests were performed for fluconazole, itraconazole, voriconazole, nystatin and amphotericin B. Results: Twenty (15.6%) patients had positive culture for yeasts identified as: C. albicans (57.1%), C. glabrata (19%), C. parapsilosis complex (4.8%), C. lipolytica (4.8%), Trichosporon sp (9.5%), and Rhodotorula sp (4.8%). Ninety women (70.3%) reported no symptoms and 38 (29.6%) were symptomatic. The most frequent complaints were: discharge, vulval itching, and dyspareunia. All isolates were susceptible to the antifungal agents tested, except for some isolates of C. parapsilosis complex, which showed in vitro resistance to itraconazole. Conclusions: Although Candida species were isolated in only some of the women, C. albicans was the most common species. The more frequent complaints were discharge and vulvar itching. Most of the isolates were susceptible to the antifungals tested.
Professionals Made in Germany: Employing a Turkish Migration Background in High-Status Positions
Authors: Konyali Ali , Crul Maurice
Published: March 2017

This article emphasises the experiences of the prospective elite among the second generation in Germany by analysing empirical data collected through in-depth interviews across three occupational fields (law, education and corporate business). In spite of their disadvantaged background, some children of lower educated migrant parents from Turkey managed to occupy prestigious leadership positions. Many use their ethnic capital in creative and strategic ways to seek opportunities and obtain access to leading positions. They are now embracing new professional roles and have moved into new social circles due to their steep upward mobility. However, they still have to contend with the fact that their individual mobility stands in contrast to the low-status of the group to which they belong.
Social Capital and Citizens’ Attitudes towards Migrant Workers
Authors: Diop Abdoulaye , Li Yaojun , Al-Ansari Majed Mohammmed H. A. , Le Kien T.
Published: March 2017

This study examines Qatari citizens’ attitudes toward migrant workers. While much research has been conducted on citizens’ attitudes toward the abolition, tightening, or loosening of the Kafāla system in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries with regard to migrant workers’ residency rights, and on their contribution to the economic development of these countries, little is known about how citizens’ religiosity and social engagement impact their acceptance of migrant workers. In the present study, we address this question by examining the effects of religious and social capital on Qatari citizens’ preferences for having Arab and Western migrant workers as neighbours, drawing on data from two nationally representative surveys in Qatar. The results indicate that, even after controlling for a wide range of socio-demographic attributes, social capital in terms of trust and bridging social ties has a strong effect on the Qatari nationals’ preferences.
Guidelines for analysis on measuring interrater reliability of nursing outcome classification
Authors: Nurjannah Intansari , Siwi Sri Marga
Published: March 2017

Indicators in nursing outcome classification (NOC) need to be tested for their validity and reliability. One method to measure reliability of NOC is by using interrater reliability.  Kappa and percent agreement are common statistic analytical methods to be used together in measuring interrater reliability of an instrument. The reason for using these two methods at the same time is that those statistic analytical methods have easy reliability interpretation. Two possible conflicts may possibly emerge when there are asynchronies between kappa value and percent agreement. This article is aimed to provide guidance when a researcher faces these two possible conflicts. This guidance is referring to interrater reliability measurement using two raters.
Does yoga decrease cancer-related fatigue in women with breast cancer? Systematic review of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Morgan Sergio Jiménez
Published: March 2017

In its most recent report, the International Agency for Research on Cancer revealed that 1.7 million new cases human beings that year. The International Agency for Research on Cancer reported that 1.7 million new cases of breast cancer were diagnosed worldwide in 2012, which represented almost 12% of all cancer types diagnosed in human beings that year. The purpose of the study was to determine if the practice of yoga allows decreasing cancer-related fatigue in women diagnosed with breast cancer. Methodology of the study was taken from database search on Web of Science, Embase, Pubmed, and Cochrane Library, as well as manual reference registration. The eligibility criteria were: (a) randomized controlled trials; (b) measurement of fatigue as main or secondary outcome; (c) studies published until December 2016; (d) studies published in English, Spanish, French or Portuguese. The guidelines of the PRISMA statement were followed. Methodological quality of randomized controlled trials was evaluated with the PEDro scale. Out of the 255 registers found, 14 randomized controlled trials were included. In half of the studies no statistically significant differences were found between experimental and control groups. Only four studies included had a comparative group besides a control group. All studies included were of moderate or high methodological quality according to PEDro scale. Findings suggest that yoga may not be effective to decrease cancer-related fatigue in women diagnosed with breast cancer.
Reflective practice as a method of learning in medical education: history and review of literature
Authors: Jorwekar Gokul J.
Published: March 2017

Modern medical education and profession needs innovative methods to improve learning among the students. Reflective practice is one of the time-tested tool to improve students’ learning following a teaching encounter. Reflective practice is an analytical practice in which an individual adds a personal reflection about the action, incident, situation or thought. Purpose of this article is to review the literature to find out history, various models, genesis and application of reflective practice in medical education. Through the present paper, attempt has been made to focus on role of reflective practice in present medical education and profession.
Experiences of people with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) at the critical condition due to AIDS
Authors: Sukarja I Made , Sutedja Endang , Nursiswati . , Sukawana I Wayan , Sundayana I Made
Published: March 2017

Background: PLWHA who suffered critical condition and being treated in intensive care the majority (84%) due to Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, 47% experienced respiratory failure, sepsis, 12% and 11% neurologic disease. The death rate PLHIV patients treated in intensive reaches 83%. Of all patients passing through a critical phase, 27% survived for 1 year, 18% survive the second year, 13% survived 3 years and 11% last more than four years. They have the experience that need to be explored in a comprehensive manner to provide support to people living with HIV else.Methods: This research was conducted through qualitative research with phenomenological approach that focuses on the depth of the process through in-depth interviews on 10 participants. Participants in this study were HIV-positive people who visit the Polyclinic Teratai Hasan Sadikin Hospital in Bandung. Recruitment of participants was done by purposive sampling with criteria for inclusion namely 1) PLHIV been treated in hospital with critical conditions, 2) Ability to communicate with tray, 3) People who say they remember past experiences related to the care in critical condition.Results: The data were analysed to identify themes about the experiences of people living with HIV during critical condition. The results found six themes namely: 1) experiencing emotional response, 2) striving to overcome the feelings and the impact of illness, 3) closer to God, 4) undergoing their destiny as People Living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA), 5) received support and prayers of people around, and 6) has a hope of a cure.Conclusions: PLWHA treated in a critical condition experience threat of death from opportunistic infections and had the psychological burden of disease due to the stigma of HIV/AIDS. This makes them slumped physically and psychologically, thus they felt helpless. The recommendation from the results of this research is that communities, families and health workers should provide a support system to people living with HIV in order to increase life expectancy due to a collapsed condition and hopelessness.
The spectrum of MEFV gene mutations and genotype-phenotype correlation in Egyptian patients with familial Mediterranean fever
Authors: Ali Fahmy T. , Elhady Mostafa M. , Abbas Hanan H. , Mandouh AbdAllah Y.
Published: March 2017

Background: Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is an autosomal recessive disease mainly affecting subjects of the Mediterranean origin. It is an auto-inflammatory periodic disorder that is caused by mutations in the Mediterranean fever gene (MEFV) located on chromosome 16.Methods: The current study was designed to assess the prevalence and frequency of different MEFV gene mutations among 104 FMF clinically diagnosed Egyptian patients and to evaluate the change extent in the values of some biochemical markers (ESR, CRP, Fibrinogen-C, SAA and IL1) in different participants with different FMF severity scores.Results: According to allele status 28 patients (27%) were homozygous mutation carriers, 38 (36.5%) were with compound heterozygous mutations and 38 (36.5%) were identified as heterozygous for one of the studied mutations. Of the studied mutations, M694I, E148Q, V726A, M680I, and M694V accounted for 28.1%, 26.8%, 16.9%, and 11.3% of mutations respectively. The R761H and P369S mutations were rarely encountered mutations (1.4%). The clinical features with M694I were associated with more severe clinical course. There is a drastic elevation in the levels of estimated parameters as their levels were increased as long as the severity of the disease increased.Conclusions: The diagnosis of FMF cannot be performed on the basis of genetic testing or clinical criteria alone. So, we recommended the combination between clinical and molecular profiling for FMF diagnosis and scoring.
Assessment of knowledge and practices of intensive care unit nurses about endotracheal suctioning for adult patients in Baghdad, Iraq teaching hospitals
Authors: Majeed Haider Mohammed
Published: March 2017

Background: Mechanical ventilation is a vital, life-saving therapy for clients with dangerous illness and ‎respiratory disorder. Objective of the study was to assess knowledge and practices of ICU nurses about endotracheal suctioning for adult patients and to determine the relationship between demographic characteristic data with nurse's knowledge and practices.Methods: A cross-sectional design study was conducted in the period of 1st June 2016 to 15th November 2016. On purposive of (50) nurses who were working at intensive care unit in Baghdad, these hospitals were: Baghdad teaching hospital, Surgical Specialties Hospital /Medical City Directorate descriptive and Al- Kidney Teaching Hospital/Al Rusafa health.Results: The majority of nurses’ ages were (20-29) years old that were accounted for (60%), Most of them (70%) were male, the level of education represented that most of them (54%) were from nursing college, (34%) for less than one years were employee in the intensive care unit, Majority of them (58) were employee (1-5) years were employment in nursing, (58%) of them have training session in the intensive care unit.Conclusions: Nurses have best practical level than knowledge level and their no significant relationship significant nurse’s demographic characteristics and levels of knowledge and practice.
Comparative study of various supraglottic devices with clinical and fiber optic assessment in elective laparoscopic procedures
Authors: Ambare Bhushan M. , Manjrekar S. P. , Masare Monika S.
Published: March 2017

Background: Aim of present study was to compare the efficacy and safety of supraglottic devices (LMA supreme, LMA proseal and I-Gel) by clinical and fiberoptic evaluation in elective laparoscopic surgeries under general anaesthesia with controlled ventilation.Methods: The design was a prospective, randomized study enrolling total 105 patients of either sex, (age 18-65 years), ASA grade I/II and mallampati score I and II, were randomly allocated to LS (LMAS), LP (PLMA), and IG (I-Gel) groups according to the supraglottic device applied. The three devices were compared as regards insertion parameters, adequacy of ventilation (oxygen saturation, endtidal carbon dioxide and air leak), fibreoptic vision and intra or postoperative complications.Results: The overall ease of insertion of LMAS was found to be better than the other two devices. Adequacy of ventilation was comparable in all the study groups. Safety of these devices was found to be comparable but if OLP was considered as a marker of safety of the device, LMA proseal was a better option than the other two devices. There was no significant difference in the fiberoptic view of the laryngeal inlet between the three study groups but the number of patients with grade 4 view of laryngeal inlet fiberoptic was more in I gel than LMA proseal and LMA supreme.Conclusions: It was concluded that the LMAS, PLMA and I-Gel are effective ventilatory devices during controlled ventilation, without major complications. But in clinical practice it is advisable to monitor peak airway pressure, OLP and laparoscopic view of gastric distension whenever these devices are used in laparoscopic surgeries.
Baseline titre of Widal amongst healthy blood donors at tertiary care hospital
Authors: Khorgade Ranjana R. , Bhise Pramod R.
Published: March 2017

Background: Indian subcontinent is a hotspot of Typhoid activity with high prevalence rates. The Widal test is one of the commonly used sero-diagnostic test for typhoid fever in developing countries. Lack of proper knowledge of baseline titre of Widal test can lead to over diagnosis of typhoid fever leading to mismanagement of patients. A single cut off value on average titre among healthy individuals needs to be determined. So, the purpose of the present study was to develop recommendations for the interpretation of Widal test results in the local region. The objectives were to determine the baseline Widal titre of study population and to propose titre-values of significance in the diagnosis of enteric fever.Methods: Sera of 242 apparently healthy blood donors from January 2016 to December 2016 in blood bank and Department of Microbiology, Dr. PDMMC, Amravati, Maharashtra, India were subjected to standard quantitative tube and semi-quantitative slide Widal test to know the titre.Results: Highest titre obtained by tube Widal test for TO was 1:320, for TH- 1:160, for AH- 1:80, and for BH- 1:80. Tube Widal titres of ≤1:160 for TO were seen in 238 (98.34%) and for TH titre of ≤1:80 were seen in 238 (98.34%), TO and TH titres of ≥1:160 were seen in 24 (9.91%) and 4 (1.65%) respectively. TO titre of 1:320 was seen in 4(1.65%) and TH titre of 1:160 was seen in 4 (1.64%). Highest titre obtained by semi-quantitative slide Widal for TO was 1:640, for TH, AH and BH was 1:160.Conclusions: We recommend that TO titre of ≥1:320 and TH titre ≥1:160 as diagnostic of typhoid fever and for AH and BH, titres of ≥1:80 should be considered diagnostic respectively in our region. Because of high expected false positivity rate of slide Widal test.
Evaluation of diffuse lung diseases by high resolution computed tomography of chest
Authors: Vohra Poonam , Sidhu Harsumeet S.
Published: March 2017

Background: Diffuse lung diseases describe a heterogeneous group of disorders of the lower respiratory tract characterized by inflammation and derangement of the interstitium and loss of functional alveolar units. The disease is not restricted to the interstitium only, as it involves epithelial, endothelial and mesenchymal cells with the disease process extending into the alveoli, acini and bronchioles. Thus, the entire pulmonary parenchyma is involved. The objective of the study was to evaluate diffuse lung diseases by high resolution computed tomography of chest.Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was done in 30 patients. Adult patients of either sex of age group 18 and above showing reticular opacities on chest X-ray and those patients who were incidentally diagnosed as cases of diffuse lung diseases on HRCT chest were included in present study.Results: Reticular opacities were the most common roentgenographic finding followed by reticulonodular opacities. On HRCT, intra and interlobular septal thickening was the most common finding in Idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (usual interstitial pneumonia).Conclusions: High resolution computed tomography (HRCT) is superior to the plain chest X-ray for early detection and confirmation of suspected diffuse lung diseases. In addition, HRCT allows better assessment of the extent and distribution of disease, and it is especially useful in the investigation of patients with a normal chest radiograph. Coexisting disease is often best recognized on HRCT scanning.
Comparison between sepsis markers and blood culture in diagnosis of neonatal sepsis: a prospective study
Authors: Sonawane Vijay Baburao , Mehkarkar Nitin , Gaikwad Sonali , Kadam Nitin
Published: March 2017

Background: Neonatal septicaemia is one of the commonest causes of neonatal mortality and morbidity. Accurate and timely diagnosis of neonatal sepsis remains a major challenge to the pediatricians and neonatologists. In the present study, correlation between sepsis screening and blood culture in neonate presenting with features of sepsis is done to accelerate the diagnostic process and blood culture (considered gold standard) was evaluated as marker for sepsis detection and its effectiveness was compared with other septic markers.Methods: In present study, we emphasize to study early indicators of sepsis screen and their statistical correlation with blood culture (considered as gold standard).Results: As any sepsis screen parameters showed little correlation with blood culture, yet on combination it was found that specificity and positive predictive accuracy increased while sensitivity decreased them individual tests. Also combination of tests yield better results than single tests.Conclusions: The combination of sepsis makers yielded diagnostic results than single tests and proved to be an invaluable aid for early diagnosis of neonatal sepsis.
Accessory sulci and segmentation on the surface of the liver: a clinical pitfall
Authors: Deshmukh Vishwajit Ravindra , Seth Suryakanta , Sahni Chetan
Published: March 2017

Diaphragmatic surface of liver is usually smooth but sometimes it is well marked by the sulci or indentations. Sometimes these sulci were so deep to be termed as fissures as they divide the lobe of liver into different segments. We report the case of accessory sulci along the Anterosuperior surface of the right lobe associated with Reidel’s lobe along the inferior border of the left lobe of same specimen. In another specimen, the sulci were so deep to be termed as fissures, which divides the caudate and quadrate lobe. Knowledge about the accessory sulci and lobes were necessary as they may appear as incidental finding during the laparoscopic examinations. Hence, it is very much promising to know about these sulci and lobes for hepatobiliary surgeons, anatomists and radiologists.
Scope of mobile health in Indian health care system – the way forward
Authors: Ahamed Farhad , Palepu Sarika , Dubey Mahasweta , Nongkynrih Baridalyne
Published: March 2017

India is currently undergoing increased urbanisation and population growth. The existing health care facilities and health care personnel are not able to cater to the health care needs of the population. Hence, a demand-supply gap is prevailing in the country. Improper functioning of three tier health care delivery, inaccessibility of secondary and tertiary government health services are the other major hurdles in effective health care utilisation. Technological interventions like tele-consultation strived continuously to tackle this crisis but had attained limited success. Other technological advancements as mobile based interventions (mHealth) have been emerging in the recent times. mHealth includes the use of telecommunication and multimedia technologies integrated with mobile and wireless healthcare delivery system. With success stories round the globe, it can be marked that mobile technology in the present scenario has gained substantial effects on health outcomes. Using mobile technology offers a tremendous opportunity for developing countries as India to advance in health care delivery by effectively utilising scarce resources. The vastly underserved healthcare market combined with high mobile phone penetration and rapidly growing smart phone adoption creates enabling environment condition for mHealth adoption in India. mHealth, being user friendly and cost effective, would be an interesting initiative in developing world. Customised application and sustainable financial models which could suit the existing local healthcare delivery networks would yield beneficial outcomes.
Probable mental illnesses among tea plantation workers in Anaimalai, Tamil Nadu, South India
Authors: G. S. Ashwini , Ramesh Naveen , C. J. Navya , Joy Jino , Oommen Abel Thomas , Singh Jyoti
Published: March 2017

Background: The prevalence of mental illnesses among industrial workers is found to be 14% - 51%, which is more than that in the general population. Individual’s psychosocial functioning has an impact on the work efficiency. The objective of the study was to assess the prevalence of probable mental illness and its associated factors among workers in selected tea estates in South India. Methods: A cross sectional study was done in two tea estates in Tamil Nadu from March to May, 2012.  The General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) 28 was used to screen for probable mental illness. Sociodemographic details, work profile and associated risk factors were also elicited. Results: Among the 400 subjects interviewed, 75.5% were females. The mean age was 43.21 (±7.47) years and the mean work experience was 21.38 (±9.31) years. In our study 12.8% subjects screened positive for probable mental illness and 1%, 1%, 0.2% and 1.5% screened positive in the domains somatic symptoms, anxiety/insomnia, social dysfunction and severe depression respectively. Workers who screened positive for probable mental illness had availed significantly greater duration of leave in the previous year. There was no significant association of mental illness with age, gender, marital status, substance abuse, designation, co-morbidity and stressful life events. Conclusions: There is a need to screen individuals in different occupation for probable mental illness and those screened positive need evaluation by a psychiatrist. There is also a need to explore associated factors in order to improve one’s health and work efficiency.
Assessment of Facility based newborn care at various health care facilities in Rajkot district
Authors: Oza Jasmin R. , Jogia Ashutosh D. , Kanabar Bhavesh R. , Thakrar Dhara V.
Published: March 2017

Background: India carries the single largest share (around 25-30%) of neonatal deaths in the world. It has been estimated that about 70% of neonatal deaths could be prevented if proven interventions are implemented effectively with high coverage.Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted at various health facilities of Rajkot district where facility based newborn care are created as per the guidelines under NRHM. It was conducted during August 2013 to October, 2013. The data entry was done in Microsoft Office Excel 2007 and analyzed in Epi info software from CDC Atlanta. Results: This study included total 32 health facilities including 10 Primary Health Centers (PHC) (24X7), 15 Community Health Centers (CHC), 5 Sub District Hospitals (SDH), one District Hospital (DH) and one Medical College (MC). There are a total of 36 facilities of different level available in government set up for newborn care starting from NBCC to SNCU. All (100%) of the health centers visited were equipped with NBCC for newborn care, while NBSU and SNCU for newborn care were created at only 2 (6.2%) centers respectively. Only 2 out of 10 PHC had all required equipments for NBCC. All the required equipments were available at 3 CHCs out of total 15 CHCs. All the SDH were having adequate equipment for NBCC except resuscitator & separate Digital Thermometer were not available at 2 SDH. At DH, except for Digital thermometer, all equipments were adequate. Only 1 SDH has been established for NBSU and it did not have adequate no. of radiant warmer and resuscitator. DH is lacking in all the required equipment for SNCU except for resuscitator (250 ml) and refrigerator. Out of total 101 health personnel, 68 (67.3%) have been trained for NSSK.  From total 68 trained health personnel, 12 (17.7%) got the score above the cut off for resuscitation skill. Out of the trained respondents, 29 (42.7%) acquired score above cut off for routine care.Conclusion: All the PHCs, CHCs, SDHs and DH were deficient in equipments. NBSU was created in only one SDH. SNBU was created at DH and MC, but equipments were not sufficient at both centers. Health care providers involved in facility based newborn care units had poor knowledge regarding routine newborn care and also not properly trained in resuscitation.