bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pelatihan Pengemasan Rumput Laut Caulerpa Pasca Panen Pada Kelompok Pembudidaya Rumput Laut Caulerpa Organik Di Kabupaten Takalar
Authors: Darmawati Darmawati , Murni Murni , Andayaningsih Sri , Anwar Asni , Hamsah Hamsah , Malik Abdul
Published: May 2022

Masyarakat di wilayah pesisir Desa Laikang Kecamatan Magrabombang Kabupaten Takalar memanfaatkan lahan tambak sebagai tempat budidaya rumput laut caulerpa.  Sampai saat ini kelompok pembudidaya masih memiliki berbagai macam kendala untuk meningkatkan hasil panennya.  Kendala utama yang sering dialami oleh kelompok pembudidaya rumput laut“Bahagia Bersama” adalah rendahnya tingkat pemahaman mengenai tehnik pengemasan dan penanganan pasca panen sehingga mempengaruhi masa simpan Caulerpa racemossa setelah dipanen.  Salah satu upaya yang dilakukan untuk menyikapi masalah tersebut adalah menerapkan  penggunaan metode dehidrasi dengan penggunaan kadar garam yang tinggi untuk memperpanjang masa simpan Caulerpa yang dapat dikonsumsi dalam bentuk segar. Metode pelaksanaan kegiatan dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode diskusi, koordinasi,penyuluhan, pelatihan dan pendampingan kepada mitra.  Berdasarkan hasil kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat yang dilaksanakan pada kelompok Bahagia Bersama, dapat disimpulkan bahwa selama ini kelompok petani rumput laut  Bahagia Bersama menggunakan tehnik pengemasan Caulerpa sebelum dijual tanpa diolah terlebih dahulu, tanpa pemanfaatan teknologi tepat guna.  Melalui kegiatan pelatihan ini, kelompok mitra menjadi mengetahui dan terampil menggunakan  tehnik dehidrasi sebelum dijual,  sehingga dapat memperpanjang masa simpan caulerpa.  Saran yang diberikan dalam kegiatan ini adalah sebaiknya dilakukan pendampingan lanjutan terkait penggunaan pengemasan serta pelatihan manajemen usaha untuk meningkatkan kualitas sumberdaya manusia sebagai pengelola pada produksi Caulerpa organk di Desa Laikang,Kabupaten Takalar.
Manajemen Risiko Keselamatan Dan Kesehatan Kerja Pada Pembangunan Jembatan Warnaf Di Kabupaten Raja Ampat
Authors: Pagoray Gebion Lysje
Published: May 2022

Pembangunan Jembatan Warnaf di Kabupaten Raja Ampat Provinsi Papua. Pembangunan Jembatan merupakan konstruksi yang sangat beresiko dalam hal kecelakaan kerja. Kondisi lingkungan, penggunaan peralatan dan metode pelaksanaan yang tidak akurat serta kurang teliti dapat mengakibatkan kecelakaan kerja. Untuk itu diperlukan penanganan terhadap risiko K3 (Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja). Penelitian ini bertujuan Mengidentifikasi risiko K3 (Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja) yang dapat terjadi pada kegiatan proyek Jembatan, Memberikan  penilaian atas risiko-risiko K3 yang terjadi pada proyek jembatan, Memberikan penanganan/solusi dari risiko-risiko K3. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa teridentifikasi teridentifikasi 37 variabel potensi risiko yaitu 3 risiko yang menempati peringkat kategori risiko Ekstrim, 6 risiko yang menempati peringkat kategori risiko Tinggi / High Risk, dan 28 risiko yang menempati peringkat risiko sedang/ Medium  Risk. Potensi kecelakaan akibat Pemasangan Bekesting pada Pekerjaan Beton dan Pemasangan dan Penempatan pada pekerjaan Pemasangan Unit Pracetak adalah risiko paling Ekstrim yaitu 15 %.
The  construction of the Warnaf Bridge in Raja Ampat Regency, West Papua Province. Bridge construction is a very risk construction in terms of work accidents. Environmental conditions, use of equipment and methods of implementation that are not accurate and less precise can result in work accidents. For this reason, it is necessary to handle K3 (Occupational Health and Safety) risks.This study aims to identify OHS risks (Occupational Health and Safety) that can occur in Bridge project activities, Provide an assessment of OHS risks that occur in bridge projects, Provide solution of OHS risks. The results showed that 37 potential risk variables were identified, namely 3 risks ranked in the Extreme risk category, 6 risks ranked in the High Risk category, and 28 risks ranked in the Medium Risk category. The potential for accidents due to Formwork Installation on Concrete Works and Installation and Placement on Precast Unit Installation work is the most extreme risk, which is 15%.
Professional Competency of Pre-Service English Teachers and ICT during Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Rizkiani Siska
Published: May 2022

Professional competence of pre-service English teachers needs to be done in an effort to find effective ways in improving their teaching performance, which requires the proper implementation of ICT in online learning. This study aims at investigating the level of professional competence of pre-service English teachers in vocational high schools in applying ICT in learning during the Covid-19 pandemic. It adopts a quantitative approach. It is a type of survey research because it only describes the condition of the research respondents without any treatment being carried out. The respondents of this study were 83 English pre-service teachers of the IKIP Siliwangi who were undergoing teaching training subjects at various vocational schools. This research was conducted by distributing questionnaires and conducting interviews. The results showed that the professional competence of pre-service English teachers in implementing ICT is at a very good level, which means that pre-service teachers have not performed excellent competence. This can be proven from the tendency of the three assessors (in-service teachers, supervisors, and students) to state that almost all aspects of pre-service teachers are at a very good competency level. These aspects are teaching and learning activities, teaching administration management, assignments, implementation of evaluation, and the right tools. Only on the delivery of information aspect, pre-service teachers get a good competency level.
SEROPREVALENCE OF SARS-COV 2 IGG ANTIBODY AMONG HEALTHCARE WORKERS IN A TERTIARY CARE INSTITUTE OF SOUTH WEST BIHAR
Authors: Kumar Ashwini , Kumar Mukesh , pratap Rana , Kamendu Abhishek , Sangwan Jyoti
Published: May 2022

The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 was first observed when cases
of unexplained pneumonia were noted in the city of Wuhan,
China [1]. The causative virus of COVID-19 was rapidly
isolated from patients and sequenced, with the results from
China subsequently being shared and published in January
2020.[2] The findings showed that it was a positive-stranded
RNA virus belonging to the Coronaviridae family (a subgroup
B betacoronavirus) and was new to humans.In the early work,
analysis of the genomic sequence of the new virus (SARSCoV-2) showed high homology with that of the coronavirus
that caused SARS in 2002-2004, namely SARS-CoV (another
subgroup B betacoronavirus) [3]. As with the coronaviruses
that cause SARS and MERS, human-to-human transmission of
SARS-CoV- 2 was soon established, [4] but the virus
demonstrated much greater infectivity than these other two
coronaviruses.[5]
ANATOMIC VARIATION OF RETROMANDIBULAR VEIN AND THE FACIAL NERVE DURING SUPERFICIAL PAROTIDECTOMY – A CASE REPORT
Authors: C Kawarat Vikas , Shanthi P S , Prasad R Naveen , Kannan R
Published: May 2022

Knowledge of anatomic variations occurring in the head and neck region is very important for surgeons performing
surgeries in these regions. Identification of facial nerve and its branches is the most important step while performing
parotidectomy.During the parotid surgery, retromandibular vein is used as a guide to expose the facial nerve inside the
parotid gland.The vein is also used as a landmark to identify facial nerve preoperatively,during computed tomography,
magnetic resonance imaging and sonography.In our report we describe the anomalous relationship of retromandibular
vein and facial nerve during left superficial parotidectomy in a 27year old female. In normal anatomical relation the
retromandibular vein passes medial to the branches of facial nerve, in our case the retromandibular vein was found to
pass lateral to the cervicofacial trunk of facial nerve and medial to the temporofacial trunk of facial nerve.These kinds of
anomalous relation between these two structures are very important to be known to the surgeons while performing
parotid surgeries.
ADULT JEJUNOJENUNAL INTUSSUSCEPTION CAUSED BY A SUBMUCOSAL LIPOMA IN THE JEJUNUM.
Authors: Devi T.Paulia , Selvi S. Mani , Gowtham Naveen Bommu , Kannan Kannan
Published: May 2022

Intussusception in adults is rare.The clinical picture of intussusception in adults is subtle and the diagnosis is therefore
elusive. The presence of a structural abnormality in the great majority of the adult cases mandates high clinical
suspicion. Gastrointestinal lipomas are rare benign tumors and intussusception due to a gastrointestinal lipoma
constitutes an infrequent clinical entity.The present report describes a case of jejunojejunal intussusception in an adult
with a history of severe episodes of hematochezia and colicky upper abdominal pain. The diagnosis was suspected
preoperatively but computed tomography could not rule out malignancy. Exploratory laparotomy revealed
jejunojejunal intussusception secondary to a lipoma which was successfully treated with segmental resection.
A PROSPECTIVE STUDY OF RISK FACTORS AND CLINICAL PROFILES IN DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS PATIENTS
Authors: Sudhakar Ch , Anvitha Gaddam , Jonathan C J Pranay , Pattamatta Akhil
Published: May 2022

BACKGROUND: Hyperglycemia, hyperosmolarity, accelerated lipolysis, ketonemia, and metabolic acidosis are all
symptoms of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). It is characterised by absolute or relative insulin insufficiency, with a 5-
percent overall mortality rate in hospitals.AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:A prospective study in a tertiary care hospital to
identify risk variables and clinical characteristics in diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA).MATERIALS AND METHODS: The
study includes 50 patients with diabetic ketoacidosis who match the inclusion criteria for diabetic ketoacidosis.
According to the inclusion criteria,diabetic ketoacidosis was diagnosed. Hyperglycemia >250 mg/dl, acidosis (blood
pH 7.3),and ketones in urine.RESULTS:A total of 50 patients were enrolled in the trial.A total of 50 patients were tested,
with 21 (42%) having type I diabetes and 29 (58%) having type II diabetes.There were 23 (46 percent) males and 27 (54
percent) females among the 50 patients.The majority of the patients (12%) were between the ages of 30 and 60 years old.
Nausea and vomiting were the most common presenting symptoms in 34 of the patients (68 percent). Drug
noncompliance was the most common precipitating factor, accounting for 16 (32 percent), followed by urinary tract
infections (12 (24 percent), and random blood sugar levels of more than 300 mg/dL in 48 (96 percent) of patients at the
time of presentation. CONCLUSION: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) was common in people with type 2 diabetes (58
percent ). DKA was more prevalent in persons between the ages of 30-40 (24%) and 50-60 (24%) years old. The most
prevalent presenting complaints were nausea/vomiting (68 percent) and shortness of breath (66 percent). Drug
noncompliance (32 percent) and infection are the most common triggering causes. At the time of presentation, the
majority of patients have blood sugar levels of 200-300 mg/dL (30%).To avert issues,extensive patient education should
be offered.
PANCHAYATI RAJ SYSTEM IN ANDHRA PRADESH WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO CHITTOOR DISTRICT, ANDHRA PRADESH
Authors: Kumar S.Anil
Published: May 2022

Panchayati Raj in India is a system of local self-government by which the people in rural areas have taken on themselves
the responsibilities for their socioeconomic and cultural development. Basically, it is thus an arrangement of
participation of people in the administration of local affairs.The community development programme was first started
under official guidance. Although there were a number of voluntary bodies of non-official nominated members
associated,it was found out that such bodies were not of much use in creating enthusiasm among the people in securing
their participation. The problem was thoroughly examined by the Balvantray Mehta Committee. It was on its
recommendations that the advisory bodies have been abolished and statutory bodies were created to undertake the
work of Community Development.Thus Panchayati Raj has been ushered in the country as a people's programme with
officials participating in it on account of their technical knowledge and guidance.
PRIMARY LYMPHOMA OF THE COLON – A MASQUERADER OF RIGHT ILIAC FOSSA MASS
Authors: Pavithran P. , Kumar K. Senthil , Thangamani P. , Kannan R.
Published: May 2022

Primary lymphoma of the colon ,a not so surgical entity at times can be one of the differential diagnosis of the Right Iliac
Fossa mass. Lymphoma of the gastrointestinal tract are more commonly seen in stomach , small intestine followed by
large intestine . Among large intestine it is more commonly seen in caecum followed by rectum and ascending colon .
The clinical significance lies in the rarity of these conditions and mimicking a adenocarcinoma colon. So high index of
suspicion is required in diagnosing these conditions preoperatively and guiding in the right path of management .
Lymphoma can be of their B cell or T cell origin . B cell lineage are the most commonly occuring entity accounting for
90% ;of which Diffuse Large B cell Lymphoma and MALToma are most common .Hereby presenting a case of 74 year old
female who presented with Right iliac fossa mass and loss of weight posing a diagnostic challenge preoperatively and
turned out to be a Primary Lymphoma of the colon in Post op Histopathology
An Ultra-Scalable Blockchain Platform for Universal Asset Tokenization: Design and Implementation
Authors: Buldas Ahto , Draheim Dirk , Gault Mike , Laanoja Risto , Nagumo Takehiko , Saarepera Märt , Shah Syed Attique , Simm Joosep , Steiner Jamie , Tammet Tanel , Truu Ahto
Published: May 2022

Since its introduction with Bitcoin in 2009, blockchain technology has received tremendous attention by academia, industry, politics and media alike, in particular, through extended blockchain-based visions such as smart contracts, decentralized finance, and, most recently, Web3. The critical prerequisite for any such blockchain-based vision to be turned into reality is uncapped scalability. Furthermore, and equally important, blockchain technology needs to transcend the stage of specialized tokens into an adaptive, heterogeneous tokenization platform. In this paper, we explain the Alphabill family of technologies that addresses both unlimited scalability and unrestricted adaptivity. We deliver a sharded blockchain technology with unlimited scalability and performance, called KSI Cash, which is based on a new form of electronic money scheme, the bill scheme. We present performance tests of KSI Cash that we have conducted with the European Central Bank and a group of eight national central banks from the Eurosystem in order to assess the technological feasibility of a digital euro, showing the system operating with 100 million wallets and 15 thousand transactions per second (under simulation of realistic usage), having an estimated carbon footprint of 0.0001g CO2 per transaction (Bitcoin = 100 kg and more); furthermore, showing the system operating with up to 2 million payment orders per second, an equivalent of more than 300.000 transactions per second (in a laboratory setting with the central components of KSI Cash), scaling linearly in terms of the number of deployed shards.  We explain, in detail, the key concepts that unlock this performance (i.e., the concepts of the bill money scheme). The results provide evidence that the scalability of our technology is unlimited in both permissioned and permissionless scenarios, resulting into the Alphabill Money technology. Next, we contribute the architecture of a universal tokenization platform that allows for universal asset tokenization, transfer and exchange as a global medium of exchange,  called Alphabill platform. We reveal the crucial conceptual and technical contributions of the platform's architecture and their interplay, including the data structures of KSI Cash and Alphabill Money, the dust collection solution of Alphabill Money, and the  atomic swap solution of the Alphabill platform.
Fake News Detection using Hybrid Deep Learning Method
Authors: yadav arun kumar , Kumar Suraj , Kumar Dipesh , Kumar Lalit , Kumar Kapil , Maurya Sandeep Kumar , Kumar Mohit , Yadav Divakar
Published: May 2022

As there is no single large, standard dataset available for fake news detection, this study derives a large dataset by integrating 2 publicly available datasets – Fake and real news and allData. There are 64,934 labelled news articles in the dataset. On this consolidated dataset, the Word2Vec word embedding technique yielded higher performance when combined with CNN-BiLSTM model, with accuracy, precision, recall, F1 measure and AUC-ROC values of 0.975, 0.984, 0.970, 0.977, and 0.992 respectively.
Hate Speech Recognition in multilingual text: Hinglish Documents
Authors: yadav arun kumar , Kumar Abhishek , . Shivani , . Kusum , Kumar Mohit , Yadav Divakar
Published: May 2022

In this paper, we apply and evaluate several machine learning and
deep learning methods, along with various feature extraction and word-embedding techniques,
on a consolidated dataset of 20600 instances, for hate speech detection from tweets and comments in Hinglish. The experimental results reveal that deep learning models perform better
than machine learning models in general. Among the deep learning models, the CNN-BiLSTM
model with word2vec word embedding provides the best results. The model yields 0.876 accuracy, 0.830 precision, 0.840 recall and 0.835 F1-score. These results surpass the recent state-of-art
approaches.
Rethinking the didactic-educational space: suggestions for promoting school inclusion
Authors: Galdieri Michela , Di Gennaro Diana Carmela
Published: May 2022

The central role played by space within the educational field, considered as a prerequisite for action, redefines the didactic experience through the meanings of design and organization, implying a systemic relationship between teacher, learner and contexts. The aim of this paper is to reflect upon the meanings of space, spatiality, accessibility and the opportunity to prepare educational and didactic places in which the inclusion of each and every one can be promoted, including pupils with complex communication needs. Indeed, for those pupils the absence of language, a partial or not very functional use of language can represent a limitation to well-being, an obstacle to activity and an impediment to participation to school context.

 

Ripensare lo spazio didattico-educativo: suggestioni per promuovere l’inclusione scolastica.

Il ruolo centrale dello spazio in ambito educativo, inteso come presupposto dell’azione, riconfigura l’esperienza didattica nei significati di progettazione e di organizzazione, implicando una relazione sistemica tra docente, discente e ambiente. L’obiettivo di questo lavoro è di riflettere sui significati di spazio, spazialità, accessibilità e sull’opportunità di predisporre luoghi dell’educazione e della didattica nei quali favorire l’inclusione di tutti e di ciascuno, ivi compresi, gli alunni con bisogni comunicativi complessi (BCC) nei quali l’assenza del linguaggio, un uso parziale o poco funzionale può costituire una limitazione al benessere, un ostacolo all’attività e un impedimento alla partecipazione nel contesto scolastico.
Knowledge contamination in the preservation of Modern glazed enclosures
Authors: Di Resta Sara , Gaspari Jacopo
Published: May 2022

The technological advances of recent decades and the integration of disciplines, such as architectural technology and restoration, are progressively improving design culture in the conservation of modern and contemporary heritage. The results of the study focus on the effects produced by a relatively short time interval (50-100 years) on a large number of buildings, encouraging a discussion on the role of technology in the conservation of exemplary cases of Modern heritage, and on the potential impact of this phenomenon on the so-called minor heritage, thus offering tools to support a widespread improvement campaign, one of the most demanding challenges of future decades.
Maternal and Child Health Network Policy Report 2: Early Years Education and Childcare
Authors: Emma Stewart
Published: May 2022

No abstract available
The sycamore lace bug Corythucha ciliata Say, 1832 (Hemiptera: Tingidae) — is a potentially dangerous invasive species in the phytocenoses of Kyiv
Authors: Borzykh O. , Fedorenko V. , Stryhun O. , Chumak P. , Vyhera S. , Honcharenko O. , Galagan T. , Anol O. , Kivel Ie. , Tkachova S.
Published: May 2022

Goal. To improve the methodology of effective phytosanitary monitoring of plane trees growing in botanical gardens, parks, garden squares and street plantings of Kyiv.

Methods. Observations of the phytosanitary condition of plane trees were carried out by the method of route surveys in botanical gardens, parks, garden squares and street plantations in Kyiv (2019—2021). During the growing season, the lower side of the leaves and branches up to 1.5—2.0 m from the soil surface were inspected. Photographic equipment with the function of zooming in on the object (at least 10× «zooms») and subsequent computer processing was used to examine the leaves damaged by bedbugs on the treetops above.

Results. Data on the degree of sycamore lace bug damage of plants in different localities of growth of plane trees in the megalopolis and the resistance of phytophagous to the extreme influence of abiotic environmental factors in this geographical area. Mass reproduction of bugs and significant damage to the leaves of plane trees we noted on the old plane trees on Holosiivskyi Avenue and Holosiivskyi Park named after M. Rylsky. Young plantations of plane trees (near the metro station «Exhibition Center», near the park named after M. Zankovetskoi and Velyka Vasylkivska Street) are damaged by lace bugs to a much lesser extent than the above-mentioned old ones. Survey of the collection of plane trees (Platanus occidentalis L., P. orientalis L., P. × acerifolia Ait., Willd.) in the Botanical Garden named after Acad. O.V. Fomina showed that no bug C.ciliata was found during all these years. In the National Botanical Garden named after M. Grishka of NAS of Ukraine the first damage to single leaves of the lower tier of plane trees was discovered only in September 2021 in the area of lilacs.

Conclusions. For the first time in Kyiv, the invasive bug Corytucha ciliata Say was found on plane trees, and its distribution in botanical gardens, parks, squares and street plantings was also established. It should be considered that the primary source of penetration of the phytophage into the phytocenoses of the city was sycamore plants imported from nurseries of Europe. It was studied that on old plants under the bark in autumn, more than 80—90% of the total number of imago bugs can be found, and not a single one on young plants. This fact can be used to improve the system of protection of old and young plane trees from pests.
The Two Faces of Janus: The Jurisprudential Past and New Beginning of Rule 10b-5
Authors: Clayton John
Published: May 2022

Section 10(b) of the Securities Exchange Act and its implementing Rule 10b-5 are the primary antifraud provisions for both private and public enforcement of the federal securities laws. Neither the statute nor the rule expressly provides for a private right of action, but federal courts have long recognized such an implied right, and the Securities and Exchange Commission has supported the implied private right of action as a “necessary supplement” to its own efforts. However, after a decade of applying an expansive interpretation to Section 10(b), in the early 1970s the U.S. Supreme Court began to narrowly interpret this implied private right of action, citing concerns about the costs that frivolous litigation may impose on capital markets. Most recently, in Janus Capital Group, Inc. v. First Derivative Traders, the Supreme Court constricted the ambit of Rule 10b-5(b) — which imposes liability for fraudulent misstatements — by narrowly interpreting the word “make” in a way that effectively removes entire categories of plaintiffs from liability under Rule 10b-5(b). While Janus involved private plaintiffs, the Court’s interpretation cannot easily be distinguished on the basis of the plaintiff’s identity. Therefore, Janus appears to limit the Commission to the same extent that it does private plaintiffs, even if such a limitation was not the Court’s intent. This Note offers a solution to the Commission’s Janus problem, whereby the Commission could use its rulemaking authority to implement a “New Rule 10b-5.” This New Rule 10b-5 would be drafted so that only the Commission could use it to prosecute fraud, addressing the Court’s concern about the potential costs of expanding private litigation. Additionally, the New Rule 10b-5 could substitute different language for the word “make” so that the Commission could sidestep the Court’s restrictive interpretation of that word’s meaning. Going forward, this bifurcated approach to Section 10(b) — with separate rules for private and public enforcement — would allow the courts to interpret the contours of each cause of action without inadvertently restricting or expanding the scope of the other.
The Quixotic Search For Race-Neutral Alternatives
Authors: Rosman Michael
Published: May 2022

The Supreme Court has stated that the narrow-tailoring inquiry of the Equal Protection Clause’s strict scrutiny analysis of racially disparate treatment by state actors requires courts to consider whether the defendant seriously considered race-neutral alternatives before adopting the race-conscious program at issue. This article briefly examines what that means in the context of race-conscious admissions programs at colleges and universities. Part I sets forth the basic concepts that the Supreme Court uses to analyze race-conscious decision-making by governmental actors and describes the role of “race-neutral alternatives” in that scheme. Part II examines the nature of “race-neutral alternatives” and identifies its various possible meanings, arguing that the idea of a “race-neutral alternative” only makes sense when the goal itself is race-neutral. Part II then carefully considers Supreme Court cases that mention this idea and argues that the Court has given confusing signals. Part III suggests that the idea of “race-neutral alternatives” has been misused when the government’s underlying goal is race-conscious; the Court’s guidance about what it means to consider a “race-neutral alternative” is practically useless because it has never explained whether that concept includes racially motivated manipulation of facially neutral criteria to achieve a racial goal. Requiring such “race-neutral alternatives” is akin to requiring the serious consideration of a slow-moving alternative to achieving a speed goal. One might well wonder why anyone would do such a counterintuitive thing, and the Court has not yet provided a good explanation. In the world of race-conscious admissions policies, the concept of a “race-neutral alternative” distracts attention from the more important question: whether having more racial or ethnic minorities at a college or professional school leads to better educational outcomes. I suggest that the Court should eliminate the “race-neutral alternative” requirement in this context. Instead, the Court should focus more attention on whether the use of race actually leads to the benefits claimed.
Designing a Flexible World for the Many: "Essential Functions" and Title I of the Americans with Disabilities Act
Authors: Powers Michael
Published: May 2022

This Note explores how courts interpret the meaning of “essential functions” under Title I of the Americans with Disabilities Act. To be protected under the ADA, a plaintiff must be able to perform the “essential functions” of her job with or without a reasonable accommodation. In general, courts follow one of two approaches when interpreting this phrase. The first approach narrowly focuses on the employer’s judgment regarding which functions are essential. The second approach considers the employer’s judgment, but looks beyond to consider the broader employment relationship. This Note argues that these different approaches have led to varying levels of scrutiny, which ultimately hinders the ADA’s efforts to eliminate discrimination. This Note asserts that these different approaches exist because Section 12111(8) fails to clearly indicate which one courts should follow. As a result, courts are able to apply that level of scrutiny they consider appropriate, instead of that level of scrutiny Congress intended. To clarify the proper test that courts should follow, this Note proposes a statutory amendment to Section 12111(8). This Note concludes that this amendment is the most effective way to make Title I’s protections more robust.
A Public Pensions Bailout: Economics and Law
Authors: O'Reilly Terrance
Published: May 2022

In several states, public pension plans are at risk of insolvency within a decade. These risks are significant, and the solutions currently contemplated are likely to fall short of what is necessary to contain the problem. If public pension plans do become insolvent, it seems likely the federal government will bail them out. This Article proposes that the federal government prepare for the prospect of federal financial support of public pension plans by instituting an optional regulatory regime for public pensions. If a state elects not to participate, its public pension plans would be ineligible for federal financial support. In states that do elect to participate, public plans would be eligible for federal financial support in the event of severe financial distress. All public plans in these states would be subject to a federal regulatory regime similar to ERISA, including minimum funding requirements. Congress could also authorize sponsors of regulated plans to revise existing employees’ retirement benefits with respect to future services, an option that is available to private employers. This flexibility would allow for much more significant pension reforms on the state and local level since in many states pension reforms can only alter the benefits of new hires
Piercing the Veil: The Limits of Brain Death as a Legal Fiction
Authors: Shah Seema
Published: May 2022

Brain death is different from the traditional, biological conception of death. Although there is no possibility of a meaningful recovery, considerable scientific evidence shows that neurological and other functions persist in patients accurately diagnosed as brain dead. Elsewhere with others, I have argued that brain death should be understood as an unacknowledged status legal fiction. A legal fiction arises when the law treats something as true, though it is known to be false or not known to be true, for a particular legal purpose (like the fiction that corporations are persons). Moving towards greater transparency, it is legally and ethically justifiable to use this fiction to determine when to permit treatment withdrawal and organ transplantation. However, persistent controversy and recent conflicts between hospitals and families over the treatment of brain-dead patients demonstrate the need for clearer limits on the legal fiction of brain death. This Article argues that more people should recognize that brain death is a legal fiction and further contends that existing scholarship has inadequately addressed the appropriate use of the legal fiction of brain death in legal conflicts. For instance, as in Jahi McMath’s case (in which a mother wanted to keep her daughter on a ventilator after she was determined brain dead), families may distrust physicians and hospitals who fail to acknowledge that brain death is a legal fiction. Legislators in most states have ignored the need to permit statutory exceptions for individuals with strong sanctity of life views. When hospitals treat braindead pregnant women, as in Marlise Mu˜ noz’s case, courts have failed to weigh the fundamental constitutional rights of pregnant women against the state’s interests. Finally, judges and legislators should sometimes “pierce the veil” of brain death and should not use the legal fiction in cases involving: (1) religious and moral objections, (2) insurance reimbursement for extended care of brain-dead patients, (3) maintenance of pregnant, brain-dead women, and (4) biomedical research. The Article concludes with general guidance for judges, legislators, and other legal actors to use regarding legal fictions.
Legal Pluralism in Tort Law Theory: Balancing Instrumental Theories and Corrective Justice
Authors: Shmueli Benjamin
Published: May 2022

Unified-monistic theories of tort law focus on a single goal, usually corrective justice, distributive justice, or optimal deterrence. Unlike these approaches, mixedpluralistic theories attempt to balance between various goals of tort law by integrating several of the considerations underlying these different goals. These theories of legal pluralism reflect ideological diversity, in this case between different theories of the same legal system. This Article discusses the challenge of legal pluralism to settle the possible collision between different goals of tort law within the framework of tort law theory. Starting from a position of support for the mixed-pluralistic thesis, this Article first identifies the advantages this approache offers and then proposes a new mixedpluralistic approach which is adapted to the multitude of significant changes that have affected contemporary common tort law in recent years. This new approach divides (mostly negligence) issues into two principal categories based on the profile of the defendant and the nature of his tortious act, striking a balance between the various goals of tort law, as the situation warrants. Thus, the suggested mixedpluralistic approach offers a new and actual balance between corrective justice and instrumental theories—that is, distributive justice and optimal deterrence. It balances between deontological theories, which are interested in the moral aspect of a tort action, and utilitarian theories, which are interested in the consequentialist outcome of a tort action. The proposed approach will be implemented through the presentation of a number of tort issues, some traditional and classic and others modern and novel. The suggested approach challenges the study of both law and economics and corrective justice by trying to delimit their dominance as sole goals. It also corresponds with other pluralistic approaches to the study of torts.
Towards Sustainable Careers for Saudi Employees in Tourism and Hospitality Sector: The Impact of Career Competencies on Turnover Intention
Authors: Ali Mohamed Ahmed , Alarifi Ghadah , Yehia Enas Fares
Published: May 2022

The aim of this research is to provide a model for a healthy work environment for Saudi employees in the tourism and hospitality sector to decrease their turnover. The current research examines the causal relationships of career competencies (reflective, communicative, and behavioral), job involvement (JI), and organizational commitment (OC), with turnover intention (TI) of Saudi employees in the tourism and hospitality sector. This study utilizes structural equation modeling (SEM) and analyzes data collected from a sample of 436 Saudi employees in the tourism and hospitality sector, positive associations were found between career competencies (reflective and behavioral) and job involvement. Positive associations were found between career competencies (reflective and communicative) and organizational commitment. Furthermore, positive associations were found between job involvement and organizational commitment. On the other hand, the research revealed the negative associations between career competencies (communicative and behavioral), job involvement, and organizational commitment with employees’ turnover intention. The organizational commitment had partial mediating effects on the relationship between career competencies and turnover intention. The implications of these findings for the industry and future research are deliberated as well.

 

Received: 19 January 2022 / Accepted: 20 March 2022 / Published: 5 May 2022
The Effect of Accounting Fraud on the Reliability of the Published Profit After the Completion of Correction: The Period After the Submission of the Correction Report
Authors: Ahmad Syed Raziuddin , Al-Matari Ebrahim Mohammed , Ali Ijaz , Baig Asif , Garg Rohit , Khan Imran Ahmad
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of accounting fraud on the reliability of profits after the completion of corrections by focusing on the period after the submission of correction reports of companies that corrected their securities reports after accounting fraud was discovered. We tested the effect of accounting fraud on the reliability of profits after the completion of corrections by examining whether the profits of corrected companies and similar companies without fraud are reflected in stock prices in the same way. The results show that if a company is profitable in both years immediately before and after the completion of the correction, the profit is used for stock price evaluation, but the loss is not evaluated positively, as in the case of similar companies without accounting fraud in the past. The results indicate that the correction report restores the credibility of profits, but if the management's subsequent profit management is questionable, even losses that can be expected to improve the ability to earn cash flow in the future, such as restructuring, will not be evaluated.

 

Received: 6 December 2021 / Accepted: 23 March 2022 / Published: 5 May 2022
Psychometric Properties of the Indonesian Adaptation of the Entrepreneurial Mindset Scale
Authors: Bernardus Denny , Murwani Fulgentius Danardana , Aji Imanuel Deny Krisna , Radianto Wirawan E. D. , Padmawidjaja Liestya , Jatiperwira Stefan Yudana , Hitipeuw Imanuel , Jacob Gabriel Henry
Published: May 2022

The study aims to verify the validity and reliability of the entrepreneurial mindset scale in the Indonesian context (i.e., the adapted EM scale). The respondents were 302 undergraduate students who have already enrolled in the entrepreneurship course. In order to achieve the aim of study, a scale development procedure was conducted, including item generation, exploratory factor analysis, and confirmatory factor analysis. Item generation was successful in generating the preliminary items of the entrepreneurial mindset scale, whereas exploratory factor analysis was also successful in purifying those preliminary items. Furthermore, confirmatory factor analysis was successful in verifying the convergent validity and the composite reliability of the adapted EM scale. The adapted EM scale was a parsimonious measurement model, and therefore it could be useful for measuring the entrepreneurial mindset of undergraduate students in Indonesia. Future studies are recommended to refine the adapted EM scale: (1) by verifying it among students from other universities, (2) by using two different samples, in which one sample is for exploratory factor analysis and the other one is for confirmatory factor analysis, and (3) by testing the measurement invariance across groups (e.g., gender, age, and origin of university).

 

Received: 7 October 2021 / Accepted: 3 March 2022 / Published: 5 May 2022
Does Emotional Intelligence Affect Organizational Success in the Banking Sector in an Emerging Market?
Authors: Raisal Ismail , Nawaz Nishad , Appasamy Kunjithapatham , Gajenderan Vijayakumar , Tarofder Arun Kumar
Published: May 2022

The paper aims to study the effect of emotional intelligence and the performance of State Commercial Banks employees in Sri Lanka. Knowing the reason behind the job performance of workers is an important issue for scientific discipline. Theoretical viewpoints contain the emotional intelligence of executive-level employees, such as aspects of self-control, self-regulation, social understanding, empathy and motivation. Five basic hypotheses were investigated for employees’ emotional intelligence and performance to achieve the objective. The paper follows a quantitative approach. In total, 100 responses were collected from 153 samples, consisting of managerial level employees from Peoples Banks and Bank of Ceylon in Sri Lanka, analyzed using correlation and regression models. The findings of the study prove that emotional intelligence has a substantial positive relationship with employee success. It is suggested that the organization’s continuous training program is crucial to improving emotional intelligence and increasing managers’ performance levels.

 

Received: 30 January 2022 / Accepted: 4 April 2022 / Published: 5 May 2022
Sources of Stress and Challenges for Gay and Bisexual International Students: Experiences of Social Stigma and Sociocultural and Psychological Racism
Authors: Dos Santos Luis M.
Published: May 2022

Internationalism and globalisation bring university students to different parts of the world. However, international students may face stress, discrimination, bias, and challenges from the hosted environment due to cultural and social differences. Based on the social stigma and sociocultural and psychological racism theory, the current study aims to understand and explore the sources of stress and challenges of gay and bisexual international university students in South Korea. 40 gay and bisexual international university students currently enrolled at one of the South Korean universities were invited to share their stories. The finding indicated that othering, boycotting from school personnel, and ineffective psychological counselling services in the university health centres and university hospital health facilities played significant roles in their sources of stress, challenges, and sense-making processes. This study filled the research and practical gaps in the areas of stress and challenges of gay and bisexual international university students in South Korea. Also, university leaders, government officials, non-profit organisational administrators, and public health professionals may use this study as their reference to reform and polish the current policies and regulations for LGBTQ individuals and groups, particularly for gay and bisexual international university students.

 

Received: 8 March 2022 / Accepted: 13 April 2022 / Published: 5 May 2022
Investigating Young Indonesian Lecturers: The Role of Money, Social Maturity and Stress in Reflecting Teaching Performance
Authors: Pramono Suwito Eko , Yanto Heri , Melati Inaya Sari , Kurniawan Edi , Mahat Hanifah
Published: May 2022

This study aims to define the role of money, social maturity, and stress among young lecturers in Indonesia and their effect on teaching performance as educators. The population of this research was the young Indonesian lecturers actively teaching in university who were considered to have distinguished characters apart from their seniors. A questionnaire was spread to 13 public universities.  The findings show that low social maturity escalates teaching performance. Meanwhile, lecturers' orientation on money does not affect teaching performance. Furthermore, stress has a positive effect on teaching performance. The unique fact is that the stress of the lecturers can be alleviated precisely by interacting with students in the class during the teaching and learning activities.

 

Received: 11 November 2021 / Accepted: 28 February 2022 / Published: 5 May 2022
Mental Ability of Deaf and Non-Deaf Students on the Raven's Progressive Matrices of Mental Abilities: A Comparative Study
Authors: Al-Oweidi Alia M , Qutishat Fajer Ibrahim
Published: May 2022

The study aimed to compare the mental ability performance of deaf and non-deaf students on the Raven Progressive Matrices test of mental ability and its relationship to the variables of gender and age group. The study sample consisted of (307); (188) non-deaf and (119) deaf, and to achieve the goal of the study, the Raven's Progressive Matrices Test was used to measure mental ability, which is standardized on the Jordanian environment. The results indicated that the averages were in favor of the non-deaf, as the average performance of the deaf was (19.67), while the non-deaf children was (28, 91), and the result related to the gender variable indicated that there was no difference between deaf males and females on the test, While there is a significant difference between non-deaf males and females in favor of males. The results also indicated that there were statistically significant differences between the deaf and non-deaf for the age group variable in favor of the older age group.

 

Received: 4 January 2022 / Accepted: 29 March 2022 / Published: 5 May 2022
Self-Determination of Persons with Sensory Disabilities
Authors: AlTarawneh Rodaina Khader , Etawi Wala'a
Published: May 2022

This study aimed to determine female pre-service teachers’ attitudes toward self-determination skills for persons with sensory disabilities. Data were collected using a questionnaire of attitudes toward self-determination skills from 80 female pre-service teachers at Mu’tah University in Jordan to achieve the study’s aims. The findings indicated that their attitudes were positive. There were no statistically significant differences in teachers’ attitudes toward self-determination skills for persons with sensory disabilities depending on the academic year or previous experience with persons with disabilities. In contrast, there were statistically significant differences in attitudes due to the presence of a disability in the individual's family.

 

Received: 31 October 2021 / Accepted: 18 March 2022 / Published: 5 May 2022
Reconceptualizing Nature, from Extant to Extinct: A Discourse on Material Ecocriticism
Authors: Ghanta Shreeja
Published: May 2022

The paper studies the evolution of human race in parallel with the devolution of environment. From the pre-medieval times to the present day, plethora of changes have been observed in humans and in nature. While one has doubled, the other continues to be savaged. The paper asks questions such as What does conservation mean? Does economy surpass nature? What kind of future are we passing down? The paper is also a discourse on the thoughts of ecologists, environmentalists, and ecocritics such as Rachel Carson, Thomas Berry, Cheryll Glotfelty, James Lovelock, Aldo Leopold, David Suzuki, Vandana Shiva, and Bernard Campbell. It examines the disparity between ‘habitat’ and ‘being’. ‘Habitat’ in this case is the nature as a whole and ‘being’ is us. The paper studies the factors that have led to the depredation of nature: ecological footprint, loss of biodiversity, consumption, hyperconsumption, economy over nature, urbanization, climate change and globalization. Through the multitude of events in the past and present it is evident that nature has to battle against two major forces: technology and humankind. There has always been a rift in the balance between coexistence of nature and us, which calls for the existence of a harmonious relationship as we have always been part of nature.

 

Received: 11 February 2022 / Accepted: 22 April 2022 / Published: 5 May 2022
Water Pollution: Sources and Its Impact on Human Health, Control and Managing
Authors: Khan Waqar Ahmad , Ali Shaukat , Shah Shahid Ali
Published: May 2022

Human activities like industrialisation and agriculture have greatly contributed to environmental degradation and pollution, which has a severe influence on life-giving water bodies (rivers and oceans). This research aims to characterise water pollution and address its causes, as well as its consequences for human health and water pollution management in general. Some proposals were presented, such as including environmental education into the curriculum.

 

Received: 11 March 2022 / Accepted: 30 April 2022 / Published: 5 May 2022