bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of abnormal morphology of breeding in oriental white Ibis, Threskiornis
melanocephalus
Authors: Sharma Anil Kumar , Tripathi Anil Kumar
Published: June 2023

Oriental White Ibis, also known as Indian White Ibis (Threskiornis melanocephalus), belongs to family Threskiornithidae. It is a large, white-water bird with a prominent bare black head and neck, and a long, down- curved black bill. The body of this species is elongated but robust. The tail of the black-headed ibis bears grey ornamental feathers. Both the male and female black-headed ibis are similar in size and appearance. We observed many leucistic Black-headed Ibis during breeding season. Almost partially leucistic individuals (15) were solitary and perched on nesting trees but few birds (only one) form pairs with normal individuals of Black-headed Ibis at the end of breeding season. The comparison of various behaviors like nest building, courtship and mating, incubation, hatching and feeding of such abnormal and normal mophs, were studied June 2019 to October 2020, factors affecting the breeding success of the species were also analyzed. The abnormal morphology failed to form a pair like normal morphs during breeding cycle.
Morphotaxonomy of Tapeworm parasites of Freshwater fish, Heteropneustes fossilis
from Central India
Authors: Narayan Aditya
Published: June 2023

Morphotaxonomy of a rare tapeworm Parasites from fresh water fish, Heteropneustes fossilis. Morphology of tapeworm parasites declares them to belong to a Pseudoneckinverta n. g. of the capingentidae6 family. It differs from the other reported genus and accommodated as a Pseudoneckinverta dhuaniensis n.g., n.sp.
Evaluation on current screening methods for insecticide resistance in mosquito vectors
Authors: Kumawat Neha , Meena Pooja , Prajapat Ramesh , Meena Shashi
Published: June 2023

Mosquito-borne illnesses are a major concern for worldwide public health and insecticides persist as the principal method for reducing potential vectors and disease control. As a result of widespread insecticide use emergence of resistance in mosquitoes is a global problem. In order to overcome this issue vector control programmers should routinely check localized mosquito vectors for insecticide resistance, which is essential for the efficient management of vector-borne diseases and schedule preventive actions in accordance. The major techniques for determining mosquito vectors insecticide resistance (such as dose-mortality bioassay, WHO tube testing, and CDC bottle bioassay) are highlighted in this review along with some insights into challenges that researchers are encountering when evaluating resistance.
A new species of the Genus Allocreadium recovered from body cavity of Colisa fasiatus
from Imphal, West Manipur, India
Authors: Devi Nongthombam Pengki , Singh Raj Kumar Gambhir
Published: June 2023

Digenean trematodes are parasitic platyhelminths that use several hosts in their life cycle. Adult trematodes of Allocreadium4 infect the intestine of mostly freshwater fishes in Asia. Freshwater fish-Colisa fasiatus were collected during July-September, 2021 from Imphal river (24Ú48´55´´N, 94Ú1´33´´E) of Manipur, India and examined for helminth parasites. The study revealed the presence of trematodes under the genus Allocreadium and not similar with any existing congeners. Therefore, they are described as a new species naming as Allocreadium colisi n. sp.
A study of Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus in working women of Lucknow city, Lucknow (U.P.)
India
Authors: Singh Soundarya Ratna , Singh Manorama , Sinha Anamika
Published: June 2023

The present study was undertaken to evaluate the prevalence of type-2 diabetes mellitus in working women (45- 55) yrs from various institutions of the Lucknow city. Samples were randomly selected from a private clinical setting. It covers the aspects like dietary assessment among detected diabetic, factors influencing emergence of diabetes and guiding the detected diabetics about low Glycemic Index Diet. The main outcome of the study was that, the BMI, waist hip ratio, meal irregularity, physical inactivity are the major factors responsible for the appearance of diabetes mellitus. We observed that, lifestyle of working women of Professional Institutes were very busy, but their physical activity level was very low. Various factors associated with the prevalence of diabetes in the studied subjects were lack of physical activity, family history, meal irregularity, lack of knowledge on dietary restrictions, not following any life style modifications with regularity and stress in managing both professional work and family.
HPTLC Finger Printing Profile and Antimicrobial Evaluation of Papaya, Carica papaya
Authors: Tripathi Ramesh Chandra , Singh Divyani
Published: June 2023

Papaya is simply known as Pawpaw, belonging to the family of Caricaceae. Carica papaya leaves exclude a number of essential medicinal compounds. The aim of the study was to investigate the phytochemicals, HPTLC finger printing and antimicrobial activity of chemical compounds of Carica papaya. Antimicrobial activity of Carica papaya leaf extract against yeast, TBC, E. coli, Pseudomonas and Salmonella were examined. Aqueous leaf extract showed more inhibitory actions in vitro. HPTLC profiling of the chemical compounds indicated the presence of papain and chymopapain.
Effect of dual inoculation of Rhizobium and Mycorrhiza on the growth of two varieties of
Cicer arietinum
Authors: Sharma Tirthesh K , Lata Kanchan , Dassani Sippy
Published: June 2023

The impact of Rhizobium and mycorrhizal fungal spores on two varieties (RVG 202 and Radhey) of Cicer arietinum (Chickpea) was studied in this research. In the research field of the Bipin Bihari College Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, seeds of chickpea varieties RVG 202 and Radhey were sown. Chickpea seeds were inoculated individually and together with Rhizobium and mycorrhizal spores. After germination, measurements of plant height, plant weight, the number of root nodules and number of pods, amount of chlorophyll, leaf area, and total yield were recorded. The data were measured after 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, and 120 days after sowing. According to the findings of these tests, mycorrhiza and Rhizobium had a good impact on the growth and yield of chickpea plant. When Rhizobium and mycorrhiza are inoculated together, the results are better than when they are inoculated separately.
Validity and reliability of a Thai version of the Body Image Scale among patients with post-coronary artery bypass graft
Authors: Moonkaew Pannawit , Polsook Rapin
Published: June 2023

Background: Body image is a significant concern for patients who have undergone a coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery, as the presence of scars on the chest, arms, and legs can impact their self-perception. Difficulty accepting these scars may lead to negative body image, non-compliance with prescribed treatments, and potentially poorer health outcomes. However, the Body Image Scale, commonly used to assess body image, has not been validated for Thai patients.
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Body Image Scale in Thai post-CABG patients.
Methods: This instrument validation study was conducted between April and July 2022. A total of 320 post-CABG patients were randomly selected to participate in the study. The scale was translated from English to Thai and adapted to address the concerns of CABG patients specifically. Validity and reliability were assessed using Principal Component Analysis and Cronbach’s alpha.
Results: The Thai version of the Body Image Scale demonstrated satisfactory internal consistency, as indicated by a Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0.88. The factor analysis revealed a single-factor structure, and each component had communalities ranging from 0.63 to 0.76, explaining 70.07% of the variance in body image.
Conclusion: The Thai version of the Body Image Scale exhibited good validity and reliability for assessing body image in Thai patients undergoing CABG surgery. Nurses and other healthcare professionals can effectively utilize this measurement tool to evaluate the body image concerns of Thai patients following a CABG procedure.
SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN PENENTUAN KUOTA PENERIMAAN MAHASISWA BARU MENGGUNAKAN METODE ANALYTIC HIERARCHY PROCESS
Authors: Dian Safitri Duruka  , Natalis Ransi  , La Surimi
Published: June 2023

Sistem penunjang keputusan digunakan untuk membantu manajemen dalam pengambilan keputusan didalam suatu perusahaan, institusi ataupun organisasi. Seperti halnya sistem penunjang keputusan penentuan kuota mahasiswa baru Fakultas MIPA Universitas Halu Oleo yang bertujuan untuk membantu pihak fakultas menghasilkan sebuah sistem pendukung keputusan yang mampu memudahkan proses perhitungan bobot nilai penentuan kuota penerimaan mahasiswa baru di  Fakultas MIPA Universitas Halu Oleo menggunakan metode AHP. Metode yang digunakan pada pembuatan sistem pendukung keputusan ini menggunakan metode pengembangan waterfall. Sistem pendukung keputusan penentuan kuota mahasiswa baru berbasis web ini dibuat dengan bahasa pemrograman PHP dan basis data Mysql dengan XAMPP sebagai local server. Hasil pengujian keakuratan metode AHP nilai bobot matriks perbandingan berpasangan dilakukan dua percobaan, percobaan pertama menghasilkan akurasi sebesar 71.4% dan percobaan kedua menghasilkan akurasi sebesar 85.7%. sehingga penentuan kuota mahasiswa baru lebih efisien dan cukup cepat.
Risk Management in Private Companies and Public Sector Organizations: A Preliminary Comparative Study
Authors: Priyarsono Dominicus , Gustrian Raden Racmadi , Vorst Charles R. , Supriyadi Heri , Yulian A. , Munawar Y.
Published: June 2023

Purpose – The effectiveness of risk management in an organization depends largely on its organizational culture as revealed in its governance structure and organizational process. The research question of this study is how to develop strategy to improve the effectiveness of risk management under the constraints of a given organizational culture. The objective of this study is to show that there are fundamental differences and similarities between the governance structure and organizational process that significantly influence the effectiveness of risk management in private companies and the one in public sector organizations.
Methodology – To achieve the objective, legal documents of major public and private organizations are reviewed and key resource persons working for the organizations are interviewed.
Findings – This paper reports preliminary results that identify several important dimensions of governance structure and organizational process in both sectors that crucially influence the effectiveness of risk management. 
Originality – Studies on the similarities and differences between public and private organizations in implementing risk management have been very rare. Very few studies explicitly address the effectiveness of risk management in the perspective of the comparative study.  This study has never been carried out before, at least in the Indonesian context.
Língua de Fogo
Authors: Burigo Marin Monique , Barbosa Macêdo Silvana
Published: June 2023

Este trabalho é um estudo crítico sobre o silenciamento, a recompensa da fala e a escuta verdadeira. Apresenta um ensaio visual composto por foto-performances realizadas com mulheres da família da artista Monique Burigo e pessoas próximas. Muitas de nós passamos a vida toda reeducando as próprias línguas para libertá-las do silêncio que nos foi ensinado e imposto. Quando usamos nossas faíscas para alimentar o fogo de nossas companheiras, estamos também alimentando uma fogueira em comum, da qual todas podemos nos abastecer. É na busca por acender o que se apagou, e na tentativa de cauterizar as feridas cutucadas, que as fotografias são feitas.
Ativações Artísticas em Espaços Públicos
Authors: Gesomino Renata de Oliveira
Published: June 2023

Este artigo pretende estabelecer uma reflexão sobre o desenvolvimento de táticas de ocupação e intervenção coletivas em espaços institucionais a partir da análise de um evento artístico realizado no primeiro semestre de 2022 intitulado Multiverso Colaborativo. Tal ação reitera a consolidação de um circuito alternativo e heterogêneo de artes visuais no Rio de Janeiro e suas formas de resistência e de busca por um “desbunde” ou novo posicionamento “contracultural”, herdeiro do campo artístico experimental das décadas de 60 e 70. Por fim, este estudo de caso pretende contribuir epistemologicamente com os debates sobre a construção da memória e da identidade do local, alinhavados por uma metodologia da pesquisa extraída dos campos da história, crítica, e teoria da arte.
PU.1 is required to restrain myelopoiesis during chronic inflammatory stress
Authors: Chavez James S. , Rabe Jennifer L. , Niño Katia E. , Wells Harrison H. , Gessner Rachel L. , Mills Taylor S. , Hernandez Giovanny , Pietras Eric M.
Published: June 2023

Chronic inflammation is a common feature of aging and numerous diseases such as diabetes, obesity, and autoimmune syndromes and has been linked to the development of hematological malignancy. Blood-forming hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) can contribute to these diseases via the production of tissue-damaging myeloid cells and/or the acquisition of mutations in epigenetic and transcriptional regulators that initiate evolution toward leukemogenesis. We previously showed that the myeloid “master regulator” transcription factor PU.1 is robustly induced in HSC by pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1β and limits their proliferative activity. Here, we used a PU.1-deficient mouse model to investigate the broader role of PU.1 in regulating hematopoietic activity in response to chronic inflammatory challenges. We found that PU.1 is critical in restraining inflammatory myelopoiesis via suppression of cell cycle and self-renewal gene programs in myeloid-biased multipotent progenitor (MPP) cells. Our data show that while PU.1 functions as a key driver of myeloid differentiation, it plays an equally critical role in tailoring hematopoietic responses to inflammatory stimuli while limiting expansion and self-renewal gene expression in MPPs. These data identify PU.1 as a key regulator of “emergency” myelopoiesis relevant to inflammatory disease and leukemogenesis.
Enhancing college English teaching models through the application of cognitive psychology: a focus on listening processes
Authors: Gui Tianjiao , Wu Chenmeng
Published: June 2023

The uneven English proficiency level among college students can lead to a lack of confidence and a passive learning process, especially for those with weak foundations. However, applying cognitive psychology principles in college English teaching can optimize the teaching mode and create a high-quality classroom atmosphere. By stimulating students’ enthusiasm through practical activities, respecting and encouraging their learning, teachers can improve the quality of teaching. This empirical study offers a comprehensive exploration of the relevance of cognitive psychology in college English teaching. It discusses the challenges faced by college students in learning English due to uneven proficiency levels and passive attitudes towards learning. The paper also introduces innovative teaching models and strategies that can optimize the learning experience and improve teaching quality. By addressing these challenges and providing effective solutions, the paper aims to enhance students’ English proficiency and overall learning outcomes. The implementation of cognitive psychology in English teaching is expected to create a positive classroom atmosphere, promote student engagement and motivation, and ultimately lead to continued improvement in the students’ English level.
Corrosion behaviors of super austenitic stainless steel weldment by GTAW welding for ships desulfurization system
Authors: Seo Beomdeok , Kim Yongseong , Oh Seok , Lee Seunghyo , Lee Myeonghoon
Published: June 2023

This study aims to clarify how filler-typed metals which were ERNiCrMo-3 and ERNiCrMo-4 affect corrosion resistance characteristics in the weldment of super austenitic stainless steel joints under the simulated desulfurization environment for ships. The desulfurization environment includes high temperature, chlorides, and acidic conditions, which, inevitably, can cause severe corrosion to great extent. For exact clarification, the variations of microstructure and the composition distribution in the weldment before and after welding was examined by using scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Then, the corrosion resistance characteristics were comparatively evaluated through the cyclic potentiodynamic polarization test together with potential measurement under the desulfurization simulated environments. In addition, the correlation between passive film and corrosion resistance characteristics was investigated after identifying the formed features of the passive film through the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis. Through these studies, it made certain, ERNiCrMo-4 filler metal with high Mo content is advantageous for the formation of MoO3 oxide on the surface, which belongs to form a stable passive film and maintains the corrosion resistance characteristics under the simulated desulfurization environment.
The effect of metabolic syndrome on postoperative complications and long-term survival of patients with colorectal cancer
Authors: Zhu Ce , Mao Chenchen , Cai Wentao , Zheng Jingwei , Yang Hui , You Tao , Chen Jian , Yu Yaojun , Shen Xian , Li Liyi
Published: June 2023

Background

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with poor prognosis in many cancers. However, the relationship between metabolic syndrome and overall survival (OS) in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) remains unclear. We aimed to comprehensively analyze whether MetS could affect postoperative complications and long-term survival in patients with CRC.

Methods

We included patients who underwent CRC resection at our center between January 2016 and December 2018. Bias was reduced through propensity score matching analysis. Patients with CRC were divided into the MetS and non-MetS groups based on whether they had MetS. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify risk factors affecting OS.

Results

We included 268 patients; among them, 120 were included for further analysis after propensity score matching. There were no significant between-group differences in the clinicopathological features after matching. Compared with the non-MetS group, the MetS group had a shorter OS (P = 0.027); however, there was no significant between-group difference in postoperative complications. Multivariate analysis revealed that MetS (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.997, P = 0.042), tumor-node-metastasis stage (HR = 2.422, P = 0.003), and intestinal obstruction (HR = 2.761, P = 0.010) were independent risk factors for OS.

Conclusions

MetS affects the long-term survival of patients with CRC without affecting postoperative complications.
Intraoral scanners in children: evaluation of the patient perception, reliability and reproducibility, and chairside time—A systematic review
Authors: Serrano-Velasco Diego , Martín-Vacas Andrea , Paz-Cortés Marta M. , Giovannini Giovanni , Cintora-López Patricia , Aragoneses Juan Manuel
Published: June 2023

Purpose

The aim of this systematic review is to evaluate the perception of the patient, the chairside time, and the reliability and/or reproducibility of intraoral scanners for full arch in pediatric patients.

Methods

A data search was performed in four databases (Medline-Pubmed, Scopus, ProQuest and Web of Science) in accordance with the PRISMA 2020 statements. Studies were classified in three categories (patient perception, scanning or impression time and reliability and/or reproducibility). The resources, the data extraction and the quality assessment were carried out independently by two operators. The variables recorded were population characteristics, material and methods aspects and included country, study design and main conclusion. A quality assessment of the selected studies was performed with QUADAS-2 tool, and Kappa-Cohen Index was calculated to analyze examiner agreement.

Results

The initial search obtained 681 publications, and finally four studies matching inclusion criteria were selected. The distribution of the studies in the categories was three for the analysis of the patient's perception and scanning or impression time; and two items to assess the reliability and/or reproducibility of intraoral scans. All included studies have a repeated measures–transversal design. The sample size ranged between 26 and 59 children with a mean age. The intraoral scanners evaluated were Lava C.O.S, Cerec Omnicam, TRIOS Classic, TRIOS 3-Cart and TRIOS Ortho. The quality assessment of the studies using QUADAS-2 tool revealed a low risk of bias while evaluating patient perception, but an unclear risk of bias in the analysis of accuracy or chairside time. In relation to the applicability concerns, the patient selection was of high risk of bias. All studies agreed that the patient perception and comfort is better with intraoral scanners in comparison with the conventional method. The accuracy or reliability of the digital procedure is not clear, being clinically acceptable. In relation with the chairside time, it depends on the intraoral scanner, with contradictory data in the different analyzed studies.

Conclusion

The use of intraoral scanners in children is a favorable option, finding a significantly higher patient perception and comfort with intraoral scanners compared to the conventional impression method. The evidence for reliability or reproducibility is not strong to date, however, the differences between the intraoral measurements and the digital models would be clinically acceptable.
Determination of α1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) concentration by HPLC in patients following local infiltration analgesia for primary total hip arthroplasty and its relation to ropivacaine (total and unbound)
Authors: Abbas Muhammad , Alossaimi Manal A. , Altamimi Abdulmalik S. A. , Alajaji Mai , Watson David G. , Shah Sayyed I. , Shah Yasar , Anwar Mohammad S.
Published: June 2023

Introduction: This study was performed to determine the levels of α1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) in old-age patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty. AGP is considered an acute phase protein produced during the acute phase reaction in the body to various stimuli; their proper monitoring is thus important.

Methods: In order to study how AGP concentrations in old age patients change in response to surgical stress (total hip arthroplasty), a high-performance liquid chromatography assay was performed to measure AGP levels. AGP was isolated from the plasma by adding perchloric acid and was analyzed using PLRP-S 4000°A column. The mobile phase consisted of 1 mL TFA/L of water (Solvent A pH 2) and 1 mL TFA/L of acetonitrile (Solvent B). The gradient used was as follows: 0 min 18% B and 82% A, 15 min 60% B and 40% A, and 17 min 60% B and 40% A followed by column re-equilibration for 7 min before the next injection. AGP peak was obtained between 8.8 and 8.9 min. The method was fully optimised according to established guidelines.

Results: The data obtained were analyzed on ChromQuest software. AGP concentrations were determined in all samples, including baseline and samples taken at different timed intervals. The peak for AGP was obtained between 8.8 and 8.9 min for both standard AGP and patient plasma. The graphs indicate that AGP concentration in almost all patient samples increased considerably, especially after 4 h and 24 h—for example, initial concentration in patient 1 was 10.36 mg/100 mL but, after 24 h, increased to 23.50 mg/100 mL. There was thus almost a 13 mg/100 mL increase in 24 h, which is confirmed by AGP concentration increasing after various conditions, including surgery. The increased plasma protein binding was comparatively associated with the unchanged free fraction of the drug.

Conclusion: This surgically induced increase in AGP concentration resulted in increased plasma protein binding of the drug (ropivacaine), which in turn kept the free portion of ropivacaine stable during the postoperative period.
Prolonged voluntary wheel running reveals unique adaptations in mdx mice treated with microdystrophin constructs ± the nNOS-binding site
Authors: Hamm S. E. , Yuan C. , McQueen L. F. , Wallace M. A. , Zhang H. , Arora A. , Garafalo A. M. , McMillan R. P. , Lawlor M. W. , Prom M. J. , Ott E. M. , Yan J. , Addington A. K. , Morris C. A. , Gonzalez J. P. , Grange R. W.
Published: June 2023

We tested the effects of prolonged voluntary wheel running on the muscle function of mdx mice treated with one of two different microdystrophin constructs. At 7 weeks of age mdx mice were injected with a single dose of AAV9-CK8-microdystrophin with (gene therapy 1, GT1) or without (gene therapy 2, GT2) the nNOS-binding domain and were assigned to one of four gene therapy treated groups: mdxRGT1 (run, GT1), mdxGT1 (no run, GT1), or mdxRGT2 (run,GT2), mdxGT2 (no run, GT2). There were two mdx untreated groups injected with excipient: mdxR (run, no gene therapy) and mdx (no run, no gene therapy). A third no treatment group, Wildtype (WT) received no injection and did not run. mdxRGT1, mdxRGT2 and mdxR performed voluntary wheel running for 52 weeks; WT and remaining mdx groups were cage active. Robust expression of microdystrophin occurred in diaphragm, quadriceps, and heart muscles of all treated mice. Dystrophic muscle pathology was high in diaphragms of non-treated mdx and mdxR mice and improved in all treated groups. Endurance capacity was rescued by both voluntary wheel running and gene therapy alone, but their combination was most beneficial. All treated groups increased in vivo plantarflexor torque over both mdx and mdxR mice. mdx and mdxR mice displayed ∼3-fold lower diaphragm force and power compared to WT values. Treated groups demonstrated partial improvements in diaphragm force and power, with mdxRGT2 mice experiencing the greatest improvement at ∼60% of WT values. Evaluation of oxidative red quadriceps fibers revealed the greatest improvements in mitochondrial respiration in mdxRGT1 mice, reaching WT levels. Interestingly, mdxGT2 mice displayed diaphragm mitochondrial respiration values similar to WT but mdxRGT2 animals showed relative decreases compared to the no run group. Collectively, these data demonstrate that either microdystrophin construct combined with voluntary wheel running increased in vivo maximal muscle strength, power, and endurance. However, these data also highlighted important differences between the two microdystrophin constructs. GT1, with the nNOS-binding site, improved more markers of exercise-driven adaptations in metabolic enzyme activity of limb muscles, while GT2, without the nNOS-binding site, demonstrated greater protection of diaphragm strength after chronic voluntary endurance exercise but decreased mitochondrial respiration in the context of running.
Insights into the nutritional properties and molecular basis of biosynthesis of amino acids and vitamins of Gastrodia elata offered by metabolomic and transcriptomic analysis
Authors: Wang Yunsheng , Shahid Muhammad Qasim
Published: June 2023

Gastrodia elata Blume (GE), a traditional and precious Chinese medicinal material, has been approved as a functional food. However, understanding GE’s nutritional properties and its molecular basis remains limited. Here, metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses were performed on young and mature tubers of G. elata.f.elata (GEEy and GEEm) and G. elata.f.glauca (GEGy and GEGm). A total of 345 metabolites were detected, including 76 different amino acids and their derivatives containing all human essential amino acids (e.g., l-(+)-lysine, l-leucine), 13 vitamins (e.g., nicotinamide, thiamine), and 34 alkaloids (e.g., spermine, choline). GEGm has higher amino acid accumulation than GEEy, GEEm and GEGy, and vitamin contents were also slightly different in all four samples. Implying that GE, especially GEGm, is a kind of excellent complementary food as amino acid nutrition provider. From assembled 21,513 transcripts (genes) based on the transcriptome, we identified many genes that encode enzymes (e.g., pfkA, bglX, tyrAa, lysA, his B, aroA), which are responsible for the biosynthesis of amino acids and enzymes (e.g., nadA, URH1, NAPRT1, punA, rsgA) that related to vitamins metabolism. A total of 16 pairs of the differentially expressed genes (DEG) and differentially accumulated metabolites (DAM) (e.g., gene-tia006709 coding GAPDH and l-(+)-arginine, and gene-tia010180 coding tyrA and l-(+)-arginine) and three DEG-DAM pairs (e.g., gene-tia015379 coding NadA and nicotinate d-ribonucleoside) show significant similar positive or negative correlation based on three, and two comparisons of GEEy vs. GEGy, GEGy vs. GEGm, GEEy vs. GEGy and GEEm vs. GEGm, which involved into amino acid biosynthesis, and nicotinate nicotinamide metabolism, respectively. These results prove that the enzyme coded by these DEG promotes (positive correlation) or inhibits (negative correlation) the biosynthesis of parallel DAM in GE. Overall, the data and corresponding analysis in this study provide new insights into the nutritional properties of GE and the related molecular basis.
Effects of long-term exposure to high altitude on brain structure in healthy people: an MRI-based systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Luo Qiao , Zhang Jie-Xin , Huang Shuo , Hu Yong-He , Wang Han , Chen Xin
Published: June 2023

Purpose

To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies of brain MRI, this paper assesses the effects of long-term exposure to high-altitude on brain structures in healthy people.

Methods

Observational studies related to high-altitude, brain and MRI were systematically searched based on data retrieved from PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library. The timescale for collecting literature was from the establishment of the databases to 2023. NoteExpress 3.2 was used to manage the literature. Two investigators performed literature screening and data extraction based on inclusion criteria, exclusion criteria, and literature quality. The quality of the literature was assessed using the NOS Scale. Finally, meta-analysis of included studies was performed using Reviewer Manager 5.3.

Results

Initially, 3,626 articles were retrieved. After screening, 16 articles (n = 756 participants) were included in the systematic review, and meta-analysis was performed on 6 articles (n = 350 participants). The overall quality of the included articles was at medium level, with a mean NOS score of 5.62. The results of meta-analysis showed that the differences between the HA group and LA group were not statistically significant, in total GM volume (MD: −0.60, 95% CI: −16.78 to 15.58, P = 0.94), WM volume (MD: 3.05, 95% CI: −15.72 to 21.81, P = 0.75) and CSF volume (MD: 5.00, 95% CI: −11.10 to 21.09, P = 0.54).The differences between HA and LA in FA values of frontotemporal lobes were not statistically significant: right frontal lobe (MD: −0.02, 95% CI: −0.07 to 0.03, P = 0.38), left frontal lobe (MD: 0.01, 95% CI: −0.02 to 0.04, P = 0.65), right temporal lobe (MD: −0.00, 95% CI: −0.03 to 0.02, P = 0.78) and left temporal lobe (MD: −0.01, 95% CI: −0.04 to 0.02, P = 0.62). However, there were significant differences in GM volume, GM density and FA values in local brain regions between HA group and LA group.

Conclusion

Compared with LA area, there were no significant differences in total GM, WM and CSF volumes in healthy people living at high-altitude area for long-term, while there were significant differences in GM volume and FA values in local brain regions. Long-term exposure to high-altitude area caused the adaptive structural changes in local brain regions. Since heterogeneity existed between the studies, further studies are needed to uncover the effects of high-altitude on brain of healthy people.

Systematic review registration

https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier: CRD42023403491.
A Linear Iterative Controller for Software Defined Control Systems of Aero-Engines Based on LMI
Authors: Ji Xiaoxiang , Ren Jiao , Li Jianghong , Wu Yafeng
Published: June 2023

Currently, most control systems of the aero-engines possess a central controller. The core tasks for the control system, such as control law calculations, are executed in this central controller, and its performance and reliability greatly impact the entire control system. This paper introduces a control system design named Software Defined Control Systems (SDCS), which features a controller-decentralized architecture. In SDCS, a network composed of a set of nodes serves as the controller, so there is no central controller in the system, and computations are distributed throughout the entire network. Since the controller is decentralized, there is a need for decentralized control tasks. To address this, this paper introduces a method for designing decentralized control tasks using periodic linear iteration. Each node in the network periodically broadcasts its own state and updates its next-step state as a weighted sum of its current state and the received current states of other nodes in the network. Each node in the network acts as a linear dynamic controller and maintains an internal state through information exchange with other nodes. We modeled the decentralized controller and obtained the model of the entire control system, and the workload of each obtained decentralized control task is balanced. Then, we obtained a parameter tuning method for each decentralized controller node based on Linear Matrix Inequalities (LMI) to stabilize the closed-loop system. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method was verified through digital simulation.
Advances in Gaseous and Particulate Air Pollutants Measurement
Authors: Kim Kyung-Hwan
Published: June 2023

In recent years, notable advancements have been achieved in the science of aerosol and precursor gas measurements as well as the techniques used to apply them [...]
Blood Pressure Monitoring Based on Flexible Encapsulated Sensors
Authors: Sun Weihong , Chang Weidong
Published: June 2023

Blood pressure monitoring is a significant concern in the field of healthcare, and the utilization of flexible encapsulated sensors presents a promising solution for achieving noninvasive and comfortable monitoring. This paper presents a study on the flexible encapsulation of MEMS pressure sensors and the development of an enhanced arterial tonometry method for blood pressure measurement, ultimately leading to the realization of a blood pressure monitoring system based on flexible encapsulated sensors. To improve wearer comfort and acquire reliable pulse signals, a flexible encapsulation sensor combining parylene and PDMS materials was fabricated. Additionally, to address the issue of low accuracy in blood pressure measurement, various machine learning algorithms were compared and analyzed, leading to the identification of the random forest model as the optimal regressor. Consequently, a blood pressure monitoring system based on the improved arterial tension method was designed and implemented. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed system achieved a significant enhancement of 31.4% and 21% in the accuracy of systolic and diastolic blood pressure measurements, respectively, compared with the arterial tension method.
Design, Modeling, and Analysis of IEEE Std 80 Earth Grid Design Refinement Methods Using ETAP
Authors: Dladla Vuyani Michael Nicholas , Nnachi Agha Francis , Tshubwana Rembuluwani Philip
Published: June 2023

The design of a compliant, safe, and reliable substation earth grid is not a straightforward process; in most cases, it requires some additional measures to be taken due to various constraints that differ from environment to environment, such as soil resistivity, a high fault level, a limited surface area, construction budget, etc. The IEEE Std 80-2013 proposes various refinement methods that can be applied to address different situations. For this study, the current limiting method, current diversion method, and touch and step voltage increment method were applied using the Electrical Transient Analysis Program (ETAP). A power system was designed, where a fault current generated by the supply transformers and back-fed by the power system’s motors was exported to the earth grid. Using this fault current, various simulations were conducted to assess the performance of the earth grid. The analysis results show that the application of the current limiting method using neutral earthing resistors has a great impact on the design of the earth grid as this method significantly reduces the fault current injected into the earth grid. Furthermore, by applying the current diversion method, the amount of fault current injected into the earth grid is reduced by a fair amount, which improves the performance of the earth grid. Lastly, increasing the tolerable limits of touch and step voltages by reducing the fault clearance times significantly improves the compliance of the earth grid as the clearance time is reduced. From this study, it is therefore concluded that, by implementing the refinement methods depending on the design requirements and feasibility of the application, one can improve the compliance state of an earth grid.
FANet: Improving 3D Object Detection with Position Adaptation
Authors: Ye Jian , Zuo Fushan , Qian Yuqing
Published: June 2023

Three-dimensional object detection plays a crucial role in achieving accurate and reliable autonomous driving systems. However, the current state-of-the-art two-stage detectors lack flexibility and have limited feature extraction capabilities to effectively handle the disorder and irregularity of point clouds. In this paper, we propose a novel network called FANet, which combines the strengths of PV-RCNN and PAConv (position adaptive convolution). The goal of FANet is to address the irregularity and disorder present in point clouds. In our network, the convolution operation constructs convolutional kernels using a basic weight matrix, and the coefficients of these kernels are adaptively learned by LearnNet from relative points. This approach allows for the flexible modeling of complex spatial variations and geometric structures in 3D point clouds, leading to the improved extraction of point cloud features and generation of high-quality 3D proposal boxes. Compared to other methods, extensive experiments on the KITTI dataset have demonstrated that the FANet exhibits superior 3D object detection accuracy, showcasing a significant improvement in our approach.
Dietary Sugars during Critical Phases of Development and Long-Term Risk of Non-Communicable Diseases
Authors: Ferreira-Junior Marcos Divino , Cavalcante Keilah Valéria Naves , Mota Ariel Penha Carvalho da , Gomes Rodrigo Mello
Published: June 2023

Obesity and the intake of high-sugar diets have dramatically increased in recent decades. However, it is still uncertain how sugar intake during the critical development phase affects the long-term health of children. In this context, the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) concept established a correlation between early life environment and the development of cardiometabolic diseases in adulthood. This review summarizes the current knowledge about the consequences of sugar intake during the critical development phase for the onset of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). We found evidence that increased sugar intake during pregnancy contributes to maternal obesity and many cardiometabolic dysfunctions in the offspring. Furthermore, dietary sugar during the suckling period provokes the obese phenotype in adulthood. Finally, high-sugar diet intake during childhood induces metabolic syndrome and depressive-like behavior.
Optimization of Ejection Characteristics for Twice-Detonating Device in Double-Event Fuel-Air Explosive with High Drop Velocity
Authors: Sun Binfeng , Bai Chunhua , Zhao Caihui , Li Jianping , Jia Xiaoliang
Published: June 2023

The key to ensure the reliability of the cloud detonation in high-drop-velocity double-event fuel-air explosives (DEFAEs) is to cause the twice-detonating device (TDD) to detonate in the dispersed fuel. Here, an ejection mechanism for a TDD is designed and the ejection process is analyzed through an outfield ejection test. Accordingly, a simulation model for the description of the ejection process is established and verified to be reliable by comparing it with the experimental results. Based on the model, two extended ensamples for design optimization of the ejection mechanism are developed. The factors influencing the ejection characteristics of the TDD are further analyzed, including the ejection charge mass and screw (for baffle fixing) parameter. The research carried out here provides theoretical and experimental support for the optimal design of the ejection mechanism in high-drop-velocity DEFAEs.
Hybrid Classical–Quantum Transfer Learning for Cardiomegaly Detection in Chest X-rays
Authors: Decoodt Pierre , Liang Tan Jun , Bopardikar Soham , Santhanam Hemavathi , Eyembe Alfaxad , Garcia-Zapirain Begonya , Sierra-Sosa Daniel
Published: June 2023

Cardiovascular diseases are among the major health problems that are likely to benefit from promising developments in quantum machine learning for medical imaging. The chest X-ray (CXR), a widely used modality, can reveal cardiomegaly, even when performed primarily for a non-cardiological indication. Based on pre-trained DenseNet-121, we designed hybrid classical–quantum (CQ) transfer learning models to detect cardiomegaly in CXRs. Using Qiskit and PennyLane, we integrated a parameterized quantum circuit into a classic network implemented in PyTorch. We mined the CheXpert public repository to create a balanced dataset with 2436 posteroanterior CXRs from different patients distributed between cardiomegaly and the control. Using k-fold cross-validation, the CQ models were trained using a state vector simulator. The normalized global effective dimension allowed us to compare the trainability in the CQ models run on Qiskit. For prediction, ROC AUC scores up to 0.93 and accuracies up to 0.87 were achieved for several CQ models, rivaling the classical–classical (CC) model used as a reference. A trustworthy Grad-CAM++ heatmap with a hot zone covering the heart was visualized more often with the QC option than that with the CC option (94% vs. 61%, p < 0.001), which may boost the rate of acceptance by health professionals.
Active Learning: Encoder-Decoder-Outlayer and Vector Space Diversification Sampling
Authors: Zeng Hongyi , Kong Fanyi
Published: June 2023

This study introduces a training pipeline comprising two components: the Encoder-Decoder-Outlayer framework and the Vector Space Diversification Sampling method. This framework efficiently separates the pre-training and fine-tuning stages, while the sampling method employs pivot nodes to divide the subvector space and selectively choose unlabeled data, thereby reducing the reliance on human labeling. The pipeline offers numerous advantages, including rapid training, parallelization, buffer capability, flexibility, low GPU memory usage, and a sample method with nearly linear time complexity. Experimental results demonstrate that models trained with the proposed sampling algorithm generally outperform those trained with random sampling on small datasets. These characteristics make it a highly efficient and effective training approach for machine learning models. Further details can be found in the project repository on GitHub.
Does Vitamin Supplementation Play a Role in Chronic Kidney Disease?
Authors: Juszczak Aleksandra Beata , Kupczak Maciej , Konecki Tomasz
Published: June 2023

Although the role of vitamins in the human body is proven, guidelines for patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) remain unclear. This narrative review summarizes the findings of 98 studies of CKD and the effects of vitamin D, B, C, A, E, and K supplementation on patients on dialysis for CKD, with the aim of summarizing the existing guidelines. The findings are promising, showing the potential effectiveness of vitamin supplementation with, for example, vitamins B, D, or C. However, recommendations are still ambiguous, especially in the case of vitamins A and K, due to the potential toxicity associated with higher doses for patients. Continued research is needed to rigorously evaluate the effectiveness and carefully consider the potential risks of some vitamin supplementation for patients with CKD.
The Doctrine of Three Types of Being in the Russian Theological-Academic Philosophy in the 19th Century
Authors: Tsvyk Irina , Kvon Daniil
Published: June 2023

The article is devoted to the analysis of the theological-academic ontological doctrine of the three types of being formulated within the framework of the Russian theological-academic philosophy of the 19th century. The study of this problem in the context of the general analysis of the phenomenon of theological-academic philosophy allows expanding our understanding of the genesis of Russian philosophy and its religious-philosophical component. The main aim of the article is the historical-philosophical analysis (on the material of philosophical courses of Russian theological academies and original works of professors of academies) of the doctrine about three types of being, which was developed within the framework of the theological-academic philosophy in Russia in the 19th century. The set goal is achieved by means of textual and religious analysis methods, as well as historical-functional, historical-genetic, and comparative research methods. The authors conclude that the specificity of theological-academic philosophizing was determined by confessional affiliation and consisted in its theistic form: the transversal theme of all theological-academic interpretations was the problem of being. Thus, theological-academic ontology took the form of the doctrine of God as an absolute being and the world as its derivative. The theological-academic doctrine of the three types of being and the synthesizing function of the absolute in relation to theological and material being cannot be characterized as quite logical and consistent. The notion of God as an absolute being is conditioned by the aspiration of theological-academic philosophers not to go beyond traditional orthodoxy and is one of the main specific features of theological-academic philosophical interpretations of religious consciousness. At the same time, the historical and philosophical analysis of the works of professors from Russian theological academies allows tracing how the powerful ideological and theoretical potential accumulated in Russian theological academies after their reforms in the 19th century contributed to the development of professional philosophy in Russia, the development of a philosophical categorical apparatus and the systematic formation of Russian philosophical thought. The development of this theme responds to the urgent research tasks of the history of philosophy. Further, this topic is very interesting not only for historians of philosophy but also for historians of religion, historians of orthodoxy, and culturologists.