bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The impact of cables on local scouring of bridge piers using experimental study and ANN, ANFIS algorithms
Authors: Daneshfaraz Rasoul , Abam Masoud , Heidarpour Manouchehr , Abbasi Salim , Seifollahi Mehran , Abraham John
Published: July 2021

The main purpose of this study was to analyze and predict scour depth and hydraulic performance of piers using soft computing methods and to estimate scour depths using artificial neural networks and ANFIS methods. In the present study, three situations were studied: a rectangular pier without a cable (type I), a rectangular pier with a cable that has a diameter equal to 10% of the pier diameter, and a cable twist angle of 15 degrees (type II), and a rectangular pier with a cable 15% of the pier diameter and an angle of twist of 12 degrees (type III). Tests were carried out with different flow-approach angles: zero, 5, 10, and 15 degrees. Dimensional analysis based on the π Buckingham method was performed. Then, the effect of different parameters, and their importance for estimating scour depth was investigated. Piers with an angle of 15 degrees with respect to the direction of flow had the greatest depth of scouring. Cables can reduce scour depths at this angle; for the second and third classes of piers, the scouring is 10 and 22% compared to the first pier classification. For the second type of pier, angles of 5, 10, and 15 degrees led to increases in scouring depths of 3, 21, and 37% compared to the zero-angle situation.
Phosphorus removal in domestic wastewater treatment plant by calcined eggshell
Authors: Fritzen Rafael Renato , Benetti Antônio Domingues
Published: July 2021

Recovery of phosphorus (P) from wastewater is a topic of great interest. Besides being a non-renewable resource, P discharge in receiving waters can trigger algae blooms. The present study aimed to quantify the removal of P from two sites at a wastewater treatment plant using calcined eggshell (CES) as adsorbent. CES was prepared from raw shells calcined at 600 °C (CES600) and 800 °C (CES800). CES at 800 °C proved to be an efficient material for P removal. Efficiencies greater than 70% were achieved using CES800 concentrations of 0.1 g L−1 for synthetic sample, 0.3 g L−1 for preliminary treated wastewater and 20 g L−1 for supernatant from sludge anaerobic digester. The adsorption process was fast, occurring mostly in the first 30 min. Both Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms fitted the experimental data on adsorption. In kinetic experiments, a pseudo-second-order model fitted P adsorption from synthetic, preliminary effluent and digester supernatant. Thermogravimetric analysis showed a 54% eggshell mass loss at 800 °C. Calcination increased calcium and reduced carbon fractions in the eggshells, while increasing the surface area.
Relevance of Aromatase Inhibitors in Breast Cancer Treatment
Authors: Sood Ankita , Lang Damanpreet Kaur , Kaur Rajwinder , Saini Balraj , Arora Sandeep
Published: July 2021

Efficacious treatment for breast cancer is still a challenge despite the presence of various
treatment options. Aromatase enzyme present in the breast tissue is responsible for estrogen formation
from androgens. Aromatase inhibitors manifest remarkably ameliorated therapeutic efficacy
as compared to the current therapeutic options available and exhibit a better safety profile as compared
to the other drugs. Clinical resistance to aromatase inhibitors is perceived as a lack of growth
inhibition by aromatase inhibitors treatment and cancer therapy becomes ineffective in causing a decrease
in the size of the tumor. Naturally extracted aromatase inhibitors have a huge positive impact
on vitality and living standards. This review article highlights the particulars of the currently approved
steroidal and non-steroidal aromatase inhibitors for clinical use, adverse effects associated
with their use and approach to tackling the problem, various strategies to overcome aromatase inhibitors
resistance, information on the synthesis of various peculiar aromatase inhibitors which can prove
as highly efficient and potent drugs in the near future and the drugs of natural and semi-synthetic
origin which can demonstrate to be more efficient, potent and less-toxic than conventional therapy.
The Influence of Demographic Matters and Interest on Passenger’s Switching Intention: Evidence of Travelers in the Developing Country Indonesia
Authors: Bawono Icuk Rangga , Purnomo Ratno , Kuntadi Cris , Rahayu Apriani Kartika
Published: July 2021

Background:

After the official operation of the Jakarta-Cikampek elevated highway, a socio-demographic picture of Indonesian travel passengers, as well as their interest in switching transportation preferences was provided. This elevated highway shortened travel time and discouraged users from changing to other transportation modes. This study is likely to become a future research foundation for the switching behavior of passengers.

Objective:

This study aims to analyze demographic factors and interests on passenger’s switching of transportation preference.

Methods:

A total of 720 questionnaires were distributed to land transportation passengers at concentrated points with a response rate of 89.17% and 642 valid answers. The obtained data were analyzed using quantitative descriptive techniques with cross tab methods.

Results:

The results showed that age, education level, and type of work influenced the desire of passengers to switch transportation modes, as opposed to gender. Most of the passengers interested in using land modes, such as the highway, were dominated by intercity between provinces travel buses and refused to change to other means of transportation. Meanwhile, passengers that used rented cars tended to switch to other forms of transportation.

Conclusion:

This research is useful and acts as a reference for managers of each transportation mode to set high priorities for particular consumers based on detailed socio-demographics to retain or attract new potential customers.

JEL Classification Code:

D12, L92, R41.
AUTHENTICATION OF DIGITAL MP4 VIDEO RECORDINGS USING FILE CONTAINERS AND METADATA PROPERTIES
Authors: D.P. Gangwar , Pathania Anju , - Anand , - Shivanshu
Published: July 2021

The authentication of digital video recording plays a very important role in forensic science as well as for other crime investigation purposes. The field of forensic examination of digital video is continuously facing new challenges. At present the authentication of the video is carried out on the basis of pixel-based analysis. Due to the change in technology, it was felt that a new approach is required for the authentication of digital video recordings. In the present work a new approach i.e. analysis of media Information and structural analysis of video containers (boxes/ atoms) of mp4 file format have been applied for identification of original and edited videos. This work is limited only for Mp4 file format because the MP4 compressed format is widely used in most of the mobile phone for video recording and transmission purposes. For this purpose, we recorded more than 200 video samples using more than 20 different mobile phones of different make and models and more than 12 video editors, which are available in open source used for editing purpose. The original and edited MP4 video files were analyzed for their different metadata and structural contents analysis of different file containers (boxes/atoms) using different freeware tools. The details of the work are described below.
PERFORMANCE OPTIMIZATION OF WEB-BASED APPLICATION
Authors: Bello Bada Abubakar
Published: July 2021

Web-based applications have become the new way for people to interact, be it work or business. Users always expect a fast response from the applications. The performance of web-based applications has always been a critical non-functional requirement. A better performing web-based system leads to better user experience which leads to repeated visits and in turn more revenues. Performance problems can bring all kinds of undesired consequences like bad reputation, loss of revenue and low productivity especially in an e-commerce system. Recent advancement leads to mobile device proliferation, increase in traffic volumes and richer content, which all increase application delivery challenges. Users not only expect fast application response time, but also expect higher throughput. In this work an e-commerce system is created, a performance tuning up was done on it to reduce the number of HTTP requests made and also reduce the size and number of pages and images in the system. Other ways of performance optimization were also considered. The system's performance was tested before and after performance tuning up, a load test was also done for 3000, 5000 and 10000 concurrent users. The results were compared to see the effect of the performance optimization techniques used.
Koude verrassingen. Ontwikkelingen en toekomstige mogelijkheden in de archeologie in het poolgebied
Authors: Hacquebord Louwrens
Published: July 2021

Frozen surprises. Past developments and future possibilities in Arctic Archaeology. The North Pole region has a rich and interesting history. People migrated to the area to hunt and to collect raw materials or to explore new sailing routes and the North Pole itself. They experienced how hard it was to survive under arctic circumstances. People from the Netherlands played a role in the exploration and exploitation of the area, and the Dutch archives have rich collections of maps and other polar documentation. In 1970, the Arctic Centre of the University of Groningen was established to study the history and languages of the Arctic. In 1978, the research of the Arctic Centre was extended into archaeological research. This research was executed for four reasons: First, because polar activities are not always documented, archaeological research may fill in the gaps in polar history. Second, because of low temperatures and isolation, objects and traces are very well preserved and therefore may contain much additional information. Third, due to slow degradation of material, much palaeo-biological material is well preserved, producing very interesting ecological information. Finally, the collection of written and printed material gives unique possibilities for comparison.
Archeologie voor snackers, ondiepe gravers en diepgravers: de archeoloog als verhalenverteller
Authors: Wolters Harrie
Published: July 2021

Archaeology for ‘paddlers’, ‘swimmers’ and ‘divers’. This article gives a brief outline of the numerous ways in which people can get involved in archaeology. The most important message is the idea that archaeology revolves around ‘storytelling’; the archaeologist is a person who tells stories about the past. This approach can be used to appeal to three target groups: ‘paddlers’, ‘swimmers’ and ‘divers’. The article is written by a director of the Hunebedcentrum, a museum which has more than 50 years’ experience of telling stories to a wide public. It is an example of ‘archaeology for all,’ an approach that can also be applied to other activities in which archaeology has a role to play. The world has changed rapidly over the past 25 years. New media, such as smartphones, drones, audio-visual equipment and other technology, mean that the world can be experienced in a completely different way today than it could in the past. There are wonderful opportunities available to those who are receptive to new ideas. A subject such as archaeology, which stimulates people’s imagination, is particularly suitable in this context.
Behoud in situ, of wat doen we als alles op is?
Authors: Veenman Froukje
Published: July 2021

Out of Archaeology. Even if we may still hope to decrease our ecological footprint in the years to come, our archaeological footprint has increased rapidly over the past years. We still discover, map and excavate archaeological sites and patterns, but at the same time our archaeological ‘stock’ will decrease dramatically. Maybe all that we will have left in the near future in the Netherlands will be restricted to some archaeological reserves, which will be strictly protected areas, with no possibilities for excavation. A picture of the future (2054) is outlined in this article. We have strived to reserve (preserve?) archaeological resources since 2007, but what was actually happening in the field in the first quarter of the 21st century? And what if we run out of archaeology?
Clinical and anamnestic differences between acute and chronic urticaria in children
Authors: Faizullina R. M. , Shangareeva Z. A. , Sannikova A. V. , Viktorov V. V. , Popova S. M. , Kabirova L. M. , Idrisova A. R.
Published: July 2021

Objective: to study clinical, anamnestic, and laboratory parameters in children with acute and chronic urticaria.Materials and methods: fifty-five children were examined who were admitted to the pediatric department and day-time inpatient facility of the State Children’s Clinical Hospital No. 17 in Ufa in 2019. Two groups were formed: 44 patients with acute urticaria (Group 1) and 11 patients with chronic urticaria (Group 2). For the correct analysis of the hemogram and immunogram, 2 subgroups of patients with acute urticaria were formed: Group 1a – 13 children under 5 years old and Group 1b – 31 children over 5 years old.Results: acute urticaria was typical for young children (Z cor. = -2.14665; p = 0.031822). In children with acute urticaria under five years of age, there was a correlation (p < 0.05) of age with low serum JgA levels (rs = 0.806380) and the incidence of gastropathology with JgM levels (rs = 0.872872); JgG (rs = 0.763763) and the number of blood leukocytes (rs = 0.692820). In children with acute urticaria over five years of age, a correlation was found between age and concomitant gastropathology (rs = 0.421569). Patients with chronic urticaria are characterized by eosinophilia (Z cor. = -2.96741; p = 0.003003) and a pathogenetically significant increase in the CEC level (Z cor. = 1.98537; p = 0.047104).Conclusion: the revealed differences should be taken into account during the examination and management of children with urticaria.
Assessment of the hand osteoarthritis activity in real clinical practice: possibilities and opportunities
Authors: Filatova T. A.
Published: July 2021

Objective: to study the functional disorder, joint structural changes with acute phase parameters, and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) in patients with hand osteoarthritis (HOA). Materials and methods: the study included 52 women with HOA, the mean age was 63.4 (10.0) years old. The degree of functional impairment was evaluated according to the visual analogue scale (VAS) and the author’s questionnaire. The laboratory study included an assessment of ESR, C-reactive protein (CRP), and IL-1β levels in the blood. The instrumental diagnostic was performed by X-ray, ultrasonography (US), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the hand joints. Results: no signiﬁcant data were obtained on the dependence of the severity of structural and functional disorders from ESR, CRP, and IL-1β levels (r<0.5; rs<0.5). Conclusions: there was no correlation between HOA activity and CRP and IL-1β levels but some authors propose to use highly sensitive methods to detect CRP. The application of highly sensitive methods for CRP detection could reveal the association between this indicator and the HOA activity. The absence of dependence between IL-1β level and morpho-functional parameters agrees with the data obtained by other researchers. It is possible that the evaluation of the IL-1β level in dynamics can be useful for assessing the treatment response but this requires further studies.
Pancreatitis: common but forgotten causes
Authors: Donсova E. R. , Remizov O. V. , Novoselya N. V.
Published: July 2021

Objective: to study the causes of pancreatitis. Materials and methods: a clinical case of acute pancreatitis during the treatment of ulcerative colitis with 5-aminosalicylic acid-containing drugs. Methods: clinical, laboratory and instrumental (biochemical blood analysis, standard coprological examination, Ultrasound examination of the abdominal cavity, Esophagogastroduodenoscopy). Results: based on the data of the clinic, laboratory and instrumental studies, a diagnosis was made: drug-induced pancreatitis associated with mesalazine intake. Ulcerative colitis, total form, high degree of activity. Duodenal ulcer disease associated with Helicobacter pylori, unstable remission. Erosive bulbitis. The indicated therapy with polyenzyme drugs, proton pump inhibitors, antispasmodics, and glucocorticosteroids resulted in the resolution of clinical manifestations and the normalization of altered laboratory parameters. Conclusions: the use of 5-aminosalicylic acid preparations for the treatment of ulcerative colitis may be associated with the development of pancreatitis, which must be taken into account in clinical practice.
Global Public Interests and Dynamic Trends in Osteoporosis From 2004 to 2019: Infodemiology Study
Authors: Wang Peng , Xu Qing , Cao Rong-Rong , Deng Fei-Yan , Lei Shu-Feng
Published: July 2021

Background

With the prolonging of human life expectancy and subsequent population aging, osteoporosis (OP) has become an important public health issue.

Objective

This study aimed to understand the global public search interests and dynamic trends in “osteoporosis” using the data derived from Google Trends.

Methods

An online search was performed using the term “osteoporosis” in Google Trends from January 1, 2004, to December 31, 2019, under the category “Health.” Cosinor analysis was used to test the seasonality of relative search volume (RSV) for “osteoporosis.” An analysis was conducted to investigate the public search topic rising in RSV for “osteoporosis.”

Results

There was a descending trend of global RSV for “osteoporosis” from January 2004 to December 2014, and a slowly increasing trend from January 2015 to December 2019. Cosinor analysis showed significant seasonal variations in global RSV for “osteoporosis” (P=.01), with a peak in March and a trough in September. In addition, similar decreasing trends of RSV for “osteoporosis” were found in Australia, New Zealand, Ireland, and Canada from January 2004 to December 2019. Cosinor test revealed significant seasonal variations in RSV for “osteoporosis” in Australia, New Zealand, Canada, Ireland, UK, and USA (all P<.001). Furthermore, public search rising topics related to “osteoporosis” included denosumab, fracture risk assessment tool, bone density, osteopenia, osteoarthritis, and risk factor.

Conclusions

Our study provided evidence about the public search interest and dynamic trends in OP using web-based data, which would be helpful for public health and policy making.
Efficacy of the Self-management Support System DialBetesPlus for Diabetic Kidney Disease: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Kawai Yuki , Sankoda Akiko , Waki Kayo , Miyake Kana , Hayashi Aki , Mieno Makiko , Wakui Hiromichi , Tsurutani Yuya , Saito Jun , Hirawa Nobuhito , Yamakawa Tadashi , Komiya Shiro , Isogawa Akihiro , Satoh Shinobu , Minami Taichi , Osada Uru , Iwamoto Tamio , Takano Tatsuro , Terauchi Yasuo , Tamura Kouichi , Yamauchi Toshimasa , Kadowaki Takashi , Nangaku Masaomi , Kashihara Naoki , Ohe Kazuhiko
Published: July 2021

Background

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is one of the main complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). DKD is a known risk factor for end-stage renal disease, cardiovascular disease, and all-cause death. Effective intervention for early-stage DKD is vital to slowing down the progression of kidney disease and improve prognoses. Mobile health (mHealth) is reportedly effective in supporting patients’ self-care and improving glycemic control, but the impact of mHealth on DKD has yet to be shown.

Objective

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of standard therapy with the addition of a self-management support system, DialBetesPlus, in patients with DKD and microalbuminuria.

Methods

This study is a prospective, randomized, open-label, multicenter clinical trial. The target population consists of 160 patients diagnosed with T2DM accompanied by microalbuminuria. We randomly assigned the patients to 2 groups—the intervention group using DialBetesPlus in addition to conventional therapy and the control group using conventional therapy alone. DialBetesPlus is a smartphone application that supports patients’ self-management of T2DM. The study period was 12 months, with a follow-up survey at 18 months. The primary outcome was a change in albuminuria levels at 12 months. Secondary outcomes included changes in physical parameters, blood test results (glycemic control, renal function, and lipid metabolism), lifestyle habits, self-management scores, medication therapy, and quality of life.

Results

The study was approved in April 2018. We began recruiting patients in July 2018 and completed recruiting in August 2019. The final 18-month follow-up was conducted in March 2021. We recruited 159 patients and randomly allocated 70 into the intervention group and 61 into the control group, with 28 exclusions due to withdrawal of consent, refusal to continue, or ineligibility. The first results are expected to be available in 2021.

Conclusions

This is the first randomized controlled trial assessing the efficacy of mHealth on early-stage DKD. We expect that albuminuria levels will decrease significantly in the intervention group due to improved glycemic control with ameliorated self-care behaviors.

Trial Registration

UMIN-CTR UMIN000033261; https://upload.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000037924

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/31061
Global Melanoma Correlations With Obesity, Smoking, and Alcohol Consumption (Preprint)
Authors: Batta Nisha , Shangraw Sarah , Nicklawsky Andrew , Yamauchi Takeshi , Zhai Zili , Ravindran Menon Dinoop , Gao Dexiang , Dellavalle Robert P , Fujita Mayumi
Published: July 2021

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Effect of Partially Purified Polygalacturonase and Cellulase on Red Guava Juice Clarification at Various Incubation Times and Temperatures
Authors: Widowati Esti , Sanjaya Adhitya Pitara , Sari Ardhea Mustika , Ambarwati Shindy
Published: July 2021

Red guava juice has some undesirable characteristics including high viscosity and cloudiness as well as sediment formation due to the presence of polysaccharide in the juice. Hence, enzymatic treatment for juice clarification is needed to overcome this problem. The current study was aimed to evaluate the effect of incubation times and temperature on juice clarification using partially purified polygalacturonase from Bacillus licheniformis and cellulase from Bacillus subtilis. The incubation times of 60,90, and 120 minutes and temperatures of 35 °C, 47.5 °C, and 60 °C were used in this study. pH value, total dissolved solids (TDS), transmittance, viscosity, and yield were analyzed. The results showed that incubation temperature had a significant effect on all the parameters except for pH value. The interaction between incubation temperature and time on decreasing pH value and viscosity was observed. The best clarification condition was observed at incubation time of 47.5 °C for 90 minutes, which resulted in pH, TDS, transmittance, viscosity, and yield of 4.98±0.13, 7.67±0.21 °Brix, 23.27±0.24%T, 36.37±3.46 cP, and 77.51±1.95% respectively.
Sociodemographic and Health-related Determinants of COVID-19 Prevalence and Case Fatality Rate in Indonesia
Authors: Nurmansyah Mochamad Iqbal , Musniati Nia , Ayunin Elia Nur , Rosidati Catur , Koire Ibrahim Isa
Published: July 2021

Indonesia is a country with the highest COVID-19 confirmed cases and mortality rate among southeast Asian countries. This study was conducted to identify the correlation between sociodemographic factors and the number of confirmed cases and mortality rates due to COVID-19 in Indonesia. This research is an ecological study where secondary data published by the Indonesian government was used. Spearman correlation were used in this study. This study showed that sociodemographic conditions in Indonesia varied greatly. Spearman correlation test results showed that a significant relationship (p-value < 0.05) between the number of COVID-19 confirmation cases with population density, population growth, decreased mobility outside the home, hypertension and diabetes prevalence, number of health workers (general practitioners, specialist doctors, and nurses) as well as the number of COVID-19 specialized hospitals. Significant correlations (p-value < 0.05) were also shown by the relationship between COVID-19 mortality rates and a dense population, a large decrease in mobility to the workplace, number of smokers, and number of health workers. Equitable development is expected to reduce sociodemographic and health disparities so that each region has good preparedness in dealing with outbreaks without the occurrence of areas that are more severely affected by outbreaks compared to other regions.
Efecto del solvente de extracción sobre la composición química, propiedades fisicoquímicas y biológicas de extractos de hongos comestibles
Authors: Torres-Martínez Brisa Del Mar , Vargas-Sánchez Rey David , Ibarra-Arias Félix Joel , Ibarra-Torres Elia Vanessa , Torrescano-Urrutia Gastón R. , Sánchez-Escalante Armida
Published: July 2021

Los hongos comestibles han sido descritos como una fuente importante de compuestos biológicos capaces de reducir la carga de bacterias patógenas y los niveles de radicales libres en los alimentos. En este estudio, se determinó el análisis químico proximal de las harinas de hongos comestibles (Agaricus brasiliensis, Ganoderma lucidum y Pleurotus ostreatus). Asimismo, se determinó el efecto del solvente (agua, etanol y una mezcla de agua-etanol) sobre las propiedades fisicoquímicas, contenido de fenoles, actividad antimicrobiana y antioxidante de los extractos de hongos comestibles. Los resultados indican que las harinas de G. lucidum y P. ostreatus mostraron (p < 0.05) el contenido más bajo de humedad (< 4%), lípidos (< 2%), el contenido más alto de carbohidratos (> 80%), y P. ostreatus el contenido más bajo de ceniza y el más alto en proteínas (p < 0.05). Los extractos acuosos de los hongos presentaron los valores más altos de luminosidad y TSS (total soluble solids, por sus siglas en inglés) (p < 0.05). Los extractos de P. ostreatus presentaron alto rendimiento de extracción (> 40%), pH, color rojo, color amarillo y contenido de fenoles y flavonoides (p < 0.05). Por otra parte, los extractos etanólicos y acuoso-etanólicos de G. lucidum y P.  ostreatus con un alto efecto inhibidor sobre Staphylococcus aureus > Listeria innocua > Escherichia coli > Salmonella typhimurium (p < 0.05). Respecto a la actividad antioxidante, los extractos de P. ostreatus presentaron el mayor poder reductor y actividad antirradical; mientras que, los extractos etanólicos y acuoso-etanólicos de G. lucidum y P. ostreatus la mayor inhibición en la oxidación de lípidos (p < 0.05). Los extractos de hongos comestibles evaluados podrían utilizarse como ingredientes antimicrobianos y antioxidantes para la industria alimentaria.
The effects of telecommunications infrastructure on Latin America’s economic growth
Authors: Fawaz Fadi , Popiashvili Ani , Mnif Anis
Published: July 2021

We examine the effects of telecommunications infrastructure on economic growth in 15 countries of Latin America (LA) for the period 1995-2016. We estimate the aggregate relationship of economic growth with electricity access, individuals using the internet, and Information and Communication Technology (ICT) imports, while accounting for other key macroeconomic variables using a static and dynamic model. The results confirm that there is a positive relationship between economic growth and electricity access, internet accessibility, and ICT imports. These results provide evidence to conclude that telecommunications infrastructure contributes to economic growth for LA countries.
Innovación y desigualdad salarial en las empresas manufactureras argentinas
Authors: Gómez María Celeste
Published: July 2021

El enfoque neoschumpeteriano de la innovación es aplicado crecientemente a los problemas de desarrollo de las economías latinoamericanas. Sin embargo, a pesar de que en la región la desigualdad es especialmente crítica, resulta curiosamente ausente en estudios bajo esta perspectiva. Con datos de la Encuesta Nacional de Dinámica de Empleo e Innovación durante 2010-2012, nos proponemos explorar la dimensión distributiva de la innovación en empresas manufactureras argentinas, examinando en qué medida sus esfuerzos innovativos se vinculan con la desigualdad salarial entre las firmas. Articulamos, además con la estructura sectorial como condicionante de la relación innovación-salarios que revela desequilibrios tecno-productivos intensos y permanentes propios de la región.
Jerónimo de Orozco y las reformas ovandinas en la Nueva Galicia
Authors: González Esparza Víctor M.
Published: July 2021

El objetivo del presente trabajo es analizar las “reformas ovandinas” en la Nueva Galicia a partir de la presidencia y gobernación de Jerónimo de Orozco de la Audiencia de Guadalajara, con base en la correspondencia de éste y de los oidores al Consejo de Indias y al rey. Más allá de la guerra “a fuego y a sangre” del virrey Martín Enríquez, el analizar las políticas de pacificación desde la perspectiva del doctor Orozco muestra la coincidencia con las reformas de Juan de Ovando y con la política de defensa de la población indígena, como parte de la consolidación de la Monarquía castellana en Indias.
Educación moral y ética de la acción en el aprendizaje-servicio universitario
Authors: Santos Rego Miguel A. , Mella-Núñez Ígor , García-Álvarez Jesús
Published: July 2021

El propósito del artículo es analizar el modo en que las ideas de John Dewey han influenciado el origen y desarrollo del aprendizaje-servicio, especialmente respecto de su análisis de la dimensión moral de la educación, y cómo esa concepción ha ido impregnando el despliegue operativo de esta estrategia educativa en la educación superior. Realizamos una revisión bibliográfica de alcance de los textos originales del autor y de interpretaciones posteriores que permiten analizar los vínculos existentes entre el pensamiento del filósofo estadounidense y las posibilidades éticas y morales del aprendizaje-servicio. Se resaltan los componentes deliberativos y axiológicos (participación, compromiso, responsabilidad, etc.) que es posible animar en los estudiantes universitarios con esta metodología, y se contribuye a la reconstrucción de una ciudadanía democrática basada en una ética de la acción desde la evaluación de necesidades comunitarias.
A resource efficient approach for quantum and classical simulations of gauge theories in particle physics
Authors: Haase Jan F. , Dellantonio Luca , Celi Alessio , Paulson Danny , Kan Angus , Jansen Karl , Muschik Christine A.
Published: July 2021

Gauge theories establish the standard model of particle physics, and lattice gauge theory (LGT) calculations employing Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods have been pivotal in our understanding of fundamental interactions. The present limitations of MCMC techniques may be overcome by Hamiltonian-based simulations on classical or quantum devices, which further provide the potential to address questions that lay beyond the capabilities of the current approaches. However, for continuous gauge groups, Hamiltonian-based formulations involve infinite-dimensional gauge degrees of freedom that can solely be handled by truncation. Current truncation schemes require dramatically increasing computational resources at small values of the bare couplings, where magnetic field effects become important. Such limitation precludes one from `taking the continuous limit' while working with finite resources. To overcome this limitation, we provide a resource-efficient protocol to simulate LGTs with continuous gauge groups in the Hamiltonian formulation. Our new method allows for calculations at arbitrary values of the bare coupling and lattice spacing. The approach consists of the combination of a Hilbert space truncation with a regularization of the gauge group, which permits an efficient description of the magnetically-dominated regime. We focus here on Abelian gauge theories and use 2+1 dimensional quantum electrodynamics as a benchmark example to demonstrate this efficient framework to achieve the continuum limit in LGTs. This possibility is a key requirement to make quantitative predictions at the field theory level and offers the long-term perspective to utilise quantum simulations to compute physically meaningful quantities in regimes that are precluded to quantum Monte Carlo.
Stationary Phase Method in Discrete Wigner Functions and Classical Simulation of Quantum Circuits
Authors: Kocia Lucas , Love Peter
Published: July 2021

One of the lowest-order corrections to Gaussian quantum mechanics in infinite-dimensional Hilbert spaces are Airy functions: a uniformization of the stationary phase method applied in the path integral perspective. We introduce a "periodized stationary phase method" to discrete Wigner functions of systems with odd prime dimension and show that the π8 gate is the discrete analog of the Airy function. We then establish a relationship between the stabilizer rank of states and the number of quadratic Gauss sums necessary in the periodized stationary phase method. This allows us to develop a classical strong simulation of a single qutrit marginal on t qutrit π8 gates that are followed by Clifford evolution, and show that this only requires 3t2+1 quadratic Gauss sums. This outperforms the best alternative qutrit algorithm (based on Wigner negativity and scaling as ∼30.8t for 10−2 precision) for any number of π8 gates to full precision.
Quantum machine learning with adaptive linear optics
Authors: Chabaud Ulysse , Markham Damian , Sohbi Adel
Published: July 2021

We study supervised learning algorithms in which a quantum device is used to perform a computational subroutine – either for prediction via probability estimation, or to compute a kernel via estimation of quantum states overlap. We design implementations of these quantum subroutines using Boson Sampling architectures in linear optics, supplemented by adaptive measurements. We then challenge these quantum algorithms by deriving classical simulation algorithms for the tasks of output probability estimation and overlap estimation. We obtain different classical simulability regimes for these two computational tasks in terms of the number of adaptive measurements and input photons. In both cases, our results set explicit limits to the range of parameters for which a quantum advantage can be envisaged with adaptive linear optics compared to classical machine learning algorithms: we show that the number of input photons and the number of adaptive measurements cannot be simultaneously small compared to the number of modes. Interestingly, our analysis leaves open the possibility of a near-term quantum advantage with a single adaptive measurement.
Nivel de autoeficacia en estudiantes de una universidad chilena y su importancia para enfermería
Authors: Espinosa Vega Elizabeth , Espinoza Durán Stace , González Inda Jesús Ignacia , Macaya Sazo Marlenne
Published: July 2021

La autoeficacia, entendida como la percepción sobre la capacidad o habilidad que tienen los seres humanos para lograr sus metas o resultados esperados, se va desarrollando durante la vida, por ello mientras mayor sea, resulta menos complejo lograr el objetivo final, condición que resulta importante para enfermería, pues fortaleciéndola, puede potenciar conductas beneficiosas para la salud de las personas. Objetivo: determinar el nivel de autoeficacia y relacionarlo con las características biosociodemográficas de estudiantes de una universidad chilena. Método: estudio cuantitativo, diseño transversal, descriptivo y correlacional. Se encuestó a 350 estudiantes de diferentes carreras, mujeres y hombres, de 18 a 30 años. Para la recolección de la información se utiliza instrumento que considera cuestionario elaborado por el grupo investigador para la recolección de los antecedentes sociodemográficos y Escala de Autoeficacia General Bäbler, Schwarzer y Jerusalem (1993) que mide la percepción que tiene la persona respecto de sus capacidades para manejar diferentes situaciones estresantes. El análisis descriptivo se utilizó frecuencia relativa, absoluta, media aritmética y desviación estándar. En cuanto al análisis inferencial, para las variables de sexo y relación se utilizó T de Student, para la variable hijos se utilizó U de Mann Whitney y para las variables edad, comuna, carrera, año de egreso y nivel socioeconómico se utilizó Kruskall Wallis. Análisis realizado con SPSS versión 22.0. Resultados: la mayoría de los estudiantes encuestados posee un nivel de autoeficacia regular (33,3%). Respecto a las variables biosociodemográficas sexo, edad, comuna, vive con, año de ingreso, nivel socioeconómico, relación afectiva e hijos se encontró que estas no influyen en el nivel de autoeficacia percibido. Conclusiones: Los resultados ilustran la necesidad de potenciar el desarrollo de la autoeficacia en el grupo estudiado.
A Review of Islamic Economic Law on Religious Tourism Arrangements in South Sulawesi
Authors: Abdulahanaa Abdulahanaa
Published: July 2021

Religious tourism objects in Indonesia are attractive destinations and have the potential to be fully developed. This study is an analysis of Islamic economic law on the arrangements of religious tourism in Indonesia, especially in South Sulawesi. The research method used to examine this problem is field research, utilizing interview, questionnaire, and observation techniques. This study concludes that there are dimensions of Islamic economic law in setting religious tourism. Although there is a difference of opinion on whether or not religious tourism is allowed, it should be noted that religious tourism provides benefits such as increasing the country’s foreign exchange income and developing the community economy. Thus, it is necessary that the government makes regulations that emphasize the purpose of opening religious tourism to the public, including the rights and obligations of managers and visitors, as well as relevant warnings and signs. The regulations have multiple functions, including to improve the economy, to increase the number of visitors, to guarantee the protection of the right to access while maintaining the teachings of their respective religions, to eliminate doubts about the occurrence of deviations of purpose, and to strengthen inter-religious unity. The concept that can be carried out in managing religious tourism objects of different religions is by making rules that integrate arrangements for the benefit of fostering inter-religious relations so as to create harmony in a Pancasila-based society. In the study of Islamic economic law, the arrangements of religious tourism objects will have an impact on creating harmony between religious communities, increasing people’s income, opening up employment opportunities, and strengthening the unity of the nation and the people.
The Roles of Families in Combating Drugs Uses, Violence and Terrorism
Authors: Nasution Khoiruddin
Published: July 2021

This paper aims to strengthen the opinion or the concept suggesting that family roles are significant in the attempt to overcome drug uses, violence and terrorism in Indonesia. This is a qualitative research, in which sources of data were literary works, such as academic books and articles.  The article refers to Berger’s theory of social construction during the first stage in the process of externalization out of three stages: externalization, objectification and internalization, which lead to transformation of social actions, which then shape people’s habits. Meanwhile, in the effort to control Social Actions or control people’s habits, the article refers to preventive and repressive efforts, while in terms of the process of social control; the article refers to persuasive, coercive and curative efforts. Our findings suggest that three main social problems: first, drug uses, violence against children, wives, and husbands and terrorism are still main social problems in Indonesia, which require serious, substantial and sustainable efforts to find effective solutions.However, population growth also needs attention even though it is not as vital as others mentioned earlier; second, there are several important reasons and/or factors that problem of drugs, violence and terrorism persist in Indonesia, one of which is the failure of the family to take important role in guiding its members;third, based on our reviews of literature, we conclude that to maximize roles of family, marriage couples should be knowledgeable and competent in keeping their family runs well. For that reason, it is paramount important for marriage couples to educate themselves regarding their roles and responsibilities within the family life. This can be done through taking the pre-marriage courses for those who are about to get married. In fact, marriage couples should persistently educate themselves through many means and channels.
PROTEÇÃO SOCIAL E PANDEMIA DA COVID-19: O LUGAR DA TRANSFERÊNCIA DE RENDA
Authors: Cavalcante Almira Almeida
Published: July 2021

O presente artigo reflete sobre os impactos sofridos pelo Sistema de Proteção Social no Brasil no processo de crise da pandemia da COVID-19. A compreensão de proteção social está pautada na política de assistência social, assegurada pelo Sistema Único de Assistência Social (SUAS). Enfatizamos a segurança de renda afiançada na proteção social básica do SUAS, a partir do Programa de Transferência Condicionada de Renda Bolsa Família (PBF). Objetivamos analisar os efeitos da crise causada pela pandemia, em termos de desvelar as fragilidades da proteção social. Trata-se de um estudo exploratório de abordagem qualitativa, realizado a partir da análise de recentes publicações, bem como do estudo de legislações e consulta de base de dados dos órgãos governamentais que monitoram o processo da pandemia e suas consequências. Embora os documentos pesquisados sobre a pandemia apresentem limitação de dados, ante a dinâmica a qual foi exposta a sociedade e por conseguinte o Sistema de Proteção Social, em decorrência dessa discussão podemos apontar que: a transferência de renda efetivada no SUAS pelo PBF há quase 17 anos corresponde a um mecanismo de proteção social notoriamente insatisfatório; o modelo de definição orçamentária do programa que não se enquadra na prerrogativa do direito sinaliza a desproteção do Estado à população mais vulnerável; a negligência ante o princípio da universalidade outorga a continuidade da desigualdade e negativa de direitos; os valores conferidos ao corte de renda pressupõem a estagnação da pobreza e da extrema pobreza da população.
Equação da onda imagem na análise sísmica do subsolo
Authors: Teixeira Cassinara Gomes , Bortoli Álvaro Luiz de
Published: July 2021

Neste trabalho, estuda-se a equação da onda imagem e sua utilização para o problema de remigração na profundidade através de métodos numéricos. O problema consiste na reconstrução de uma imagem das camadas geológicas do subsolo a partir de uma imagem previamente migrada com um modelo de velocidade. O principal objetivo é a investigação de métodos numéricos para solução da equação da onda imagem, e para isso realizou-se investigação teórica e análise numérica. Os testes numéricos mostram que o método de diferenças finitas com aproximações centradas é o mais eficiente. Além disso, as implementações mostram a similaridade, tanto do aspecto físico como analítico, com a equação da onda clássica. Esta semelhança é útil, pois podemos considerar métodos já conhecidos e extensivamente estudados para a equação da onda clássica, e aplicá-los às investigações da equação da onda imagem para o problema de remigração na profundidade.
Apresentação
Authors: Silva Fernando Santos , Perovano Ana Paula
Published: July 2021

Apresentação
O pedagogo, de Clemente de Alexandria: traços singulares da educação cristã no mundo antigo
Authors: Menezes Edmilson , França Maria Lenilda Caetano
Published: July 2021

O artigo buscar analisar a perspectiva educacional que se gesta na antiguidade cristã, de forma a encontrar nos conceitos de pedagogo e de pedagogia um caso capaz de exemplificar a influência, mas, também, o deslocamento, do alcance do modelo pedagógico grego naquela matriz. Neste sentido, Clemente de Alexandria e sua obra O Pedagogo são estratégicos para entendermos as diretrizes inovadoras que orientaram um dos modos mais exitosos da formação do homem cristão, a saber, a pedagogia da conversão. Neste sentido, Clemente de Alexandria é, sem embargo, um capítulo relevante na história da educação cristã, pois foi um dos primeiros a conceber o cristianismo como um programa completo de formação e como um método de aprimoramento moral coroado por uma genuína concepção de pedagogia e de pedagogo.
As DCN/2019 para a formação de professores: tensões e perspectivas para o curso de Pedagogia
Authors: Portelinha Ângela Maria Silveira
Published: July 2021

Este artigo analisa as Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais para a Formação Inicial de Professores para a Educação Básica – Resolução CNE/CP No 02/2019 e as implicações para o curso de Pedagogia. Retoma os princípios e as concepções construídas pelo movimento dos educadores e que condicionaram a organização desse curso. Problematiza as tensões e as perspectivas para o curso de Pedagogia com base no contexto histórico, político e social no qual são forjadas as novas diretrizes. Adota a análise crítico-dialética e destaca dois aspectos que se articulam na materialidade do processo formativo: o teórico-científico e o prático organizacional. O primeiro corresponde aos princípios, às concepções e aos fundamentos da teoria educacional. O segundo vincula-se ao conjunto de componentes curriculares dos cursos de licenciatura. Especificamente para o curso de Pedagogia, o indicativo é redefinir a organização curricular propondo cursos específicos conforme a etapa da educação básica. A ênfase recai sobre os conteúdos específicos das áreas do ensino e suas respectivas metodologias em sintonia com a BNCC da Educação Básica. Destaca o esvaziamento dos fundamentos da educação e a dissociabilidade na relação entre teoria e prática, questões essenciais para a constituição da formação e do trabalho docente. As DCN desconsideram o acúmulo de pesquisas relativas ao curso de Pedagogia, bem como as críticas, tensões e proposições históricas sobre a especificidade desse curso. Os resultados apontam a retomada do projeto hegemônico em um cenário de adversidade e conservadorismo, o que requer um grande desafio e resistência das instituições formadoras.
ENSINO REMOTO EMERGENCIAL E O ESTÁGIO SUPERVISIONADO EM EDUCAÇÃO EM TEMPOS DE PANDEMIA DA COVID-19
Authors: Mauad Samara , Freitas Léia Gonçalves de
Published: July 2021

EEssa pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa teve como objetivo investigar os desafios vivenciados por discentes do Curso de Licenciatura em Pedagogia da Universidade Federal do Pará, Campus Universitário de Altamira, durante a Atividade Curricular de Estágio Supervisionado realizado por meio do Ensino Remoto emergencial (ERE), devido a pandemia da COVID-19. Participaram dessa pesquisa vinte estudantes de duas turmas que ingressaram nos anos 2016 e 2017. As técnicas utilizadas para o levantamento dos dados foram o questionário semiestruturado elaborado na plataforma virtual Google Forms e entrevista via mensagem de áudio do WhatsApp. Os resultados apontam que os estudantes encontram dificuldades no acesso à internet, no uso das plataformas digitais e na interação com os indivíduos do locus de estágio. No entanto, essas barreiras foram gradativamente superadas e os estágios contribuíram de forma significativa para a construção de novos saberes docentes e práticas pedagógicas significativas.