bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The impact of high-temperature treatments on maize growth parameters and soil nutrients: A comprehensive evaluation through principal component analysis
Authors: Guo Zhen , Han Jichang , Zhang Yang , Zhuang Hua
Published: August 2024

In contrast to prolonged exposure to high temperatures, investigating short-term high-temperature stress can provide insights into the impact of varying heat stress durations on plant development and soil nutrient dynamics, which is crucial for advancing ecological agriculture. In this study, five heating temperatures were set at 200°C, 250°C, 300°C, 350°C, and 400°C, along with five heating time gradients of 6s, 10s, 14s, 18s, and 20s, including a control. A total of 26 treatment groups were analyzed, focusing on maize growth parameters and soil indicators. Principal component analysis was used for comprehensive evaluation. The results showed that high-temperature treatments with different heating times significantly influenced maize growth and soil properties. For instance, the treatment of 300°C+6s resulted in the longest total root length, while 200°C+6s led to the highest average root diameter. Plant height and leaf length were notably increased with the treatment of 400°C+6s. Most treatments resulted in decreased soil pH and organic matter content. Notably, the treatment of 350°C+16s showed the highest available phosphorus content, reaching 24.0 mg/kg, an increase of 4.5 mg/kg compared to the control. The study found that the average levels of active organic carbon and peroxidase were 1.26 mg/g and 3.91 mg/g, respectively. Additionally, the average mass fractions of clay, silt, and sand particles were 8.99%, 66.75%, and 24.26%, respectively. Through principal component analysis, six principal components were able to extract 19 indicators from the 26 treatments, covering 86.129% of the information. It was observed that 16 treatment methods performed better than the control in terms of soil comprehensive quality. The optimal treatment temperature and time identified for improving soil physicochemical properties and crop growth were 300°C+6s. These findings can be used to guide agricultural management and soil improvement practices, ultimately enhancing field productivity and providing valuable insights for sustainable agricultural development.
Cytomegalovirus inhibitors of programmed cell death restrict antigen cross-presentation in the priming of antiviral CD8 T cells
Authors: Ebert Stefan , Böhm Verena , Büttner Julia K. , Brune Wolfram , Brinkmann Melanie M. , Holtappels Rafaela , Reddehase Matthias J. , Lemmermann Niels A. W.
Published: August 2024

CD8 T cells are the predominant effector cells of adaptive immunity in preventing cytomegalovirus (CMV) multiple-organ disease caused by cytopathogenic tissue infection. The mechanism by which CMV-specific, naïve CD8 T cells become primed and clonally expand is of fundamental importance for our understanding of CMV immune control. For CD8 T-cell priming, two pathways have been identified: direct antigen presentation by infected professional antigen-presenting cells (pAPCs) and antigen cross-presentation by uninfected pAPCs that take up antigenic material derived from infected tissue cells. Studies in mouse models using murine CMV (mCMV) and precluding either pathway genetically or experimentally have shown that, in principle, both pathways can congruently generate the mouse MHC/H-2 class-I-determined epitope-specificity repertoire of the CD8 T-cell response. Recent studies, however, have shown that direct antigen presentation is the canonical pathway when both are accessible. This raised the question of why antigen cross-presentation is ineffective even under conditions of high virus replication thought to provide high amounts of antigenic material for feeding cross-presenting pAPCs. As delivery of antigenic material for cross-presentation is associated with programmed cell death, and as CMVs encode inhibitors of different cell death pathways, we pursued the idea that these inhibitors restrict antigen delivery and thus CD8 T-cell priming by cross-presentation. To test this hypothesis, we compared the CD8 T-cell responses to recombinant mCMVs lacking expression of the apoptosis-inhibiting protein M36 or the necroptosis-inhibiting protein M45 with responses to wild-type mCMV and revertant viruses expressing the respective cell death inhibitors. The data reveal that increased programmed cell death improves CD8 T-cell priming in mice capable of antigen cross-presentation but not in a mutant mouse strain unable to cross-present. These findings strongly support the conclusion that CMV cell death inhibitors restrict the priming of CD8 T cells by antigen cross-presentation.
Primary SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern infections elicit broad antibody Fc-mediated effector functions and memory B cell responses
Authors: van der Straten Karlijn , Guerra Denise , Kerster Gius , Claireaux Mathieu , Grobben Marloes , Schriek Angela I. , Boyd Anders , van Rijswijk Jacqueline , Tejjani Khadija , Eggink Dirk , Beaumont Tim , de Taeye Steven W. , de Bree Godelieve J. , Sanders Rogier W. , van Gils Marit J.
Published: August 2024

Neutralization of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) by human sera is a strong correlate of protection against symptomatic and severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). The emergence of antigenically distinct SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) and the relatively rapid waning of serum antibody titers, however, raises questions about the sustainability of serum protection. In addition to serum neutralization, other antibody functionalities and the memory B cell (MBC) response are suggested to help maintaining this protection. In this study, we investigate the breadth of spike (S) protein-specific serum antibodies that mediate effector functions by interacting with Fc-gamma receptor IIa (FcγRIIa) and FcγRIIIa, and of the receptor binding domain (RBD)-specific MBCs, following a primary SARS-CoV-2 infection with the D614G, Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, Omicron BA.1 or BA.2 variant. Irrespectively of the variant causing the infection, the breadth of S protein-specific serum antibodies that interact with FcγRIIa and FcγRIIIa and the RBD-specific MBC responses exceeded the breadth of serum neutralization, although the Alpha-induced B cell response seemed more strain-specific. Between VOC groups, both quantitative and qualitative differences in the immune responses were observed, suggesting differences in immunogenicity. Overall, this study contributes to the understanding of protective humoral and B cell responses in the light of emerging antigenically distinct VOCs, and highlights the need to study the immune system beyond serum neutralization to gain a better understanding of the protection against emerging variants.
Rapid adaptive evolution of avian leukosis virus subgroup J in response to biotechnologically induced host resistance
Authors: Matoušková Magda , Plachý Jiří , Kučerová Dana , Pecnová Ľubomíra , Reinišová Markéta , Geryk Josef , Karafiát Vít , Hron Tomáš , Hejnar Jiří
Published: August 2024

Genetic editing of the germline using CRISPR/Cas9 technology has made it possible to alter livestock traits, including the creation of resistance to viral diseases. However, virus adaptability could present a major obstacle in this effort. Recently, chickens resistant to avian leukosis virus subgroup J (ALV-J) were developed by deleting a single amino acid, W38, within the ALV-J receptor NHE1 using CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing. This resistance was confirmed both in vitro and in vivo. In vitro resistance of W38-/- chicken embryonic fibroblasts to all tested ALV-J strains was shown. To investigate the capacity of ALV-J for further adaptation, we used a retrovirus reporter-based assay to select adapted ALV-J variants. We assumed that adaptive mutations overcoming the cellular resistance would occur within the envelope protein. In accordance with this assumption, we isolated and sequenced numerous adapted virus variants and found within their envelope genes eight independent single nucleotide substitutions. To confirm the adaptive capacity of these substitutions, we introduced them into the original retrovirus reporter. All eight variants replicated effectively in W38-/- chicken embryonic fibroblasts in vitro while in vivo, W38-/- chickens were sensitive to tumor induction by two of the variants. Importantly, receptor alleles with more extensive modifications have remained resistant to the virus. These results demonstrate an important strategy in livestock genome engineering towards antivirus resistance and illustrate that cellular resistance induced by minor receptor modifications can be overcome by adapted virus variants. We conclude that more complex editing will be necessary to attain robust resistance.
For a reframing of women’s entrepreneurship from three philosophical views on gender and power
Authors: Fabrício Joiceli , Vizeu Fabio
Published: August 2024

Objective: This text is an essay that discusses the concept of female entrepreneurship from the re-signification posed by the idea of gender relations, where these are considered as asymmetrical power relations, encompassing violence as the result of this condition. Our argument is built especially from the perspective of three authors: in the thinking of the historian Joan Scott, the philosopher Michel Foucault and the philosopher Hannah Arendt. Thesis: Their theoretical proposals allow us to reconstruct views about women as a historical construction based on power and control relations, on the one hand, and the exercise of violence as the main mechanism of patriarchy's domination over the feminine. Relevance/Originality: This is how we argue that Female Entrepreneurship manifests itself in a context of violence, as it expresses the different forms of violence against women as a socially constituted event, highlighting the fact that, in the culture of capitalism, undertaking is an activity of power and, precisely for this reason, is usually denied to the female presence. Social/Management contributions: In addition, violence is a reaction to entrepreneurial women and works as an illegitimate resource used by the aggressor to maintain the patriarchal status quo, based on an asymmetrical view of women's power and submission to men. Consequently, violence increases the more women are equal to men in spaces of power, suffering greater attacks from different forms of violence.
Quality assurance interventions in blended learning design: A systematic review of the literature
Authors: Benson Helen , Williams Kylie A , Heggart Keith
Published: August 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the shift in higher education towards blended and online learning, prompting a need for robust quality assurance interventions. Blended learning, a combination of face-to-face and online experiences, offers flexibility and individualised learning paths, but its quality varies across institutions. Quality assurance interventions play a crucial role in monitoring and enhancing the effectiveness of blended learning programs. This systematic literature review examined existing literature on quality assurance interventions in blended learning within higher education. The review highlights the importance of evaluating the impact of these interventions on student performance and the educational landscape. It also emphasises the need for evidence-based frameworks for benchmarking and assessment. The review identifies four key intervention approaches: professional development courses, communities of practice and mentoring, audit frameworks and learning design support. Each approach has its strengths and can contribute to improving the quality of blended learning. Future research should focus on multifaceted interventions that combine these approaches to enhance the skills of academics and elevate the standard of blended learning across institutions.
 
Implications for practice or policy:

This review can guide higher education institutions in implementing quality assurance activities to enhance their online and blended learning offerings.
Evidence-based approaches that institutions can adopt include professional development courses, communities of practice and learning design support interventions.
Petrogenetic relationship between plutonic and subvolcanic rocks in the Jurassic Shuikoushan complex, South China
Authors: Wang Dan , Fu Yong , Chen Lie-Meng , Hu Qian , Zhang Zhi
Published: August 2024

There has been a longstanding debate on whether plutonic and subvolcanic rocks have a petrogenetic connection, and the Jurassic Shuikoushan caldera complex in South China serves as an ideal case study for unraveling this geological puzzle. SIMS U–Pb dating of zircon indicates the formation age of plutonic (granodiorite) and subvolcanic rocks (dacite porphyry and rhyolite porphyry) from the Shuikoushan caldera complex at ca.159 Ma. In terms of geochemical composition, granodiorite and dacite porphyry exhibit higher levels of MgO (1.98–3.63%), MnO (0.07–0.11%), FeOt (5.12–6.15%), Sr (342–547 ppm), and Ba (754–1200 ppm) compared to the rhyolite porphyry. Conversely, they show lower concentrations of Rb (2.04–27.1 ppm), as well as lower ratios of Rb/Sr (0.004–0.055) and Rb/Ba (0.004–0.023). The distinct but complementary geochemical characteristics between these rock types are evident in the Shuikoushan caldera complex. Overall, zircon grains from all three rock types exhibit similar negative ε
Hf(t) values (–8.1 to –12.4) with high δ
18O values (8.3–9.7‰), suggesting a common source region. Based on lithological and geochemical evidence, it is proposed that the rhyolite porphyry represents extracted melt from the mush reservoir. In contrast, the granodiorite and dacite porphyry are residual melts enriched in cumulates. This interpretation supports the idea that crystal–melt segregation processes were crucial in connecting the late Jurassic subvolcanic and plutonic rocks within the Shuikoushan complex.
UV–vis spectroscopy as a rapid method for evaluation of total phenolic hydroxyl structures in lignin
Authors: Smyk Nataliia , Sjöström Jenny , Henriksson Gunnar , Sevastyanova Olena
Published: August 2024

Phenolic hydroxyl groups in lignin are crucial for understanding its structure, reactivity, and potential applications. Various methods have been developed for the determining phenolic groups in lignin. This study focuses on the comparison of a simple, cost-effective, and time-efficient UV–vis ionization difference technique with the highly accurate 31P NMR spectroscopy for analyzing lignin samples of different origins and isolation methods. The results were carefully evaluated, and the strengths and limitations of each method were discussed. Two eco-friendly UV–vis approaches were proposed for a rapid and comprehensive evaluation of the total phenolic-OH groups: one using a strong alkaline solution for analyzing common types of technical lignins, and another employing multipoint wavelength calculations, effective for analyzing softwood lignins regardless of the extraction method. Additionally, the research highlighted the importance of selecting appropriate model phenolic compounds to accurately assess the phenolic hydroxyl group content in lignins using the UV–vis method. Offering straightforward and rapid analysis, with results closely aligning with 31P NMR data, this method is a promising alternative for routine analysis.
Recent trends in medicinal applications of mercury based organometallic and coordination compounds
Authors: Maqsood Fozia , Al-Rawi Sawsan S. , Ibrahim Ahmad H. , Jamil Faisal , Zafar Ayesha , Iqbal Muhammad Adnan , Shoukat Umar Sohail , Asad Mohammad , Zia Sami Ullah , Ahmad Farhan , Atif Muhammad
Published: August 2024

Metal-based drugs are finding new medical applications, particularly in antibacterial therapies. Compounds such as Prontosil and ciprofloxacin, as well as its derivatives such as beta-lactam drugs, aminoglycosides, vancomycin, fosfomycin, as well as tetracyclines, play critical roles in the prevention of bacterial and fungal infections. The increasing prevalence of microbial resistance is prompting the use of metal complexes to tackle fungal and bacterial strains. Mercury-based complexes, which are known for their unusual characteristics and reactivity, have received a lot of interest in the field of medicine recently. Additionally, Schiff base complexes are widely used as antifungal, antibacterial, and anticancer drugs, as well as in dye manufacturing. This article discusses current advances in the use of mercury compounds for combating fungus and bacteria, offering information on their efficacy and future applications.
Microtubule-Stabilizer Epothilone B Delays Anesthetic-Induced Unconsciousness in Rats
Authors: Khan Sana , Huang Yixiang , Timuçin Derin , Bailey Shantelle , Lee Sophia , Lopes Jessica , Gaunce Emeline , Mosberger Jasmine , Zhan Michelle , Abdelrahman Bothina , Zeng Xiran , Wiest Michael C.
Published: August 2024

Volatile anesthetics are currently believed to cause unconsciousness by acting on one or more molecular targets including neural ion channels, receptors, mitochondria, synaptic proteins, and cytoskeletal proteins. Anesthetic gases including isoflurane bind to cytoskeletal microtubules (MTs) and dampen their quantum optical effects, potentially contributing to causing unconsciousness. This possibility is supported by the finding that taxane chemotherapy consisting of MT-stabilizing drugs reduces the effectiveness of anesthesia during surgery in human cancer patients. In order to experimentally assess the contribution of MTs as functionally relevant targets of volatile anesthetics, we measured latencies to loss of righting reflex (LORR) under 4% isoflurane in male rats injected subcutaneously with vehicle or 0.75 mg/kg of the brain-penetrant MT–stabilizing drug epothilone B (epoB). EpoB-treated rats took an average of 69 s longer to become unconscious as measured by latency to LORR. This was a statistically significant difference corresponding to a standardized mean difference (Cohen'sd) of 1.9, indicating a “large” normalized effect size. The effect could not be accounted for by tolerance from repeated exposure to isoflurane. Our results suggest that binding of the anesthetic gas isoflurane to MTs causes unconsciousness and loss of purposeful behavior in rats (and presumably humans and other animals). This finding is predicted by models that posit consciousness as a property of a quantum physical state of neural MTs.
Different Sensory Information Is Used for State Estimation when Stationary or Moving
Authors: Wong Aaron L. , Eyssalenne Alyssa N. , Carter Luke , Therrien Amanda S.
Published: August 2024

The accurate estimation of limb state is necessary for movement planning and execution. While state estimation requires both feedforward and feedback information, we focus here on the latter. Prior literature has shown that integrating visual and proprioceptive feedback improves estimates of static limb position. However, differences in visual and proprioceptive feedback delays suggest that multisensory integration could be disadvantageous when the limb is moving. We formalized this hypothesis by modeling feedback-based state estimation using the long-standing maximum likelihood estimation model of multisensory integration, which we updated to account for sensory delays. Our model predicted that the benefit of multisensory integration was largely lost when the limb was passively moving. We tested this hypothesis in a series of experiments in human subjects that compared the degree of interference created by discrepant visual or proprioceptive feedback when estimating limb position either statically at the end of the movement or dynamically at movement midpoint. In the static case, we observed significant interference: discrepant feedback in one modality systematically biased sensory estimates based on the other modality. However, no interference was seen in the dynamic case: participants could ignore sensory feedback from one modality and accurately reproduce the motion indicated by the other modality. Together, these findings suggest that the sensory feedback used to compute a state estimate differs depending on whether the limb is stationary or moving. While the former may tend toward multimodal integration, the latter is more likely to be based on feedback from a single sensory modality.
Spectrum of 14N17O isotopologue in the region 5200–5550 cm-1. Spectroscopic parameters for v = 3 state
Authors: БОРКОВ Ю.Г. , СУЛАКШИНА О.Н. , СЕРДЮКОВ В.И. , СИНИЦА Л.Н.
Published: August 2024

Впервые с помощью Фурье-спектрометра Bruker IFS-125M с разрешением 0,0056 см-1зарегистрирован спектр молекулы 14N17O в области 5200–5550 см-1. Анализ спектра позволил обнаружить 83 колебательно-вращательные линии полосы 3–0 для основных переходов в электронном состоянии Х2Pмолекулы 14N17O. Для 29 L-дублетов определены положения и относительные интенсивности каждой из компонент. Найдены параметры L-удвоения. Для оставшихся неразрешенных 25 дублетов также определены положения и относительные интенсивности центра дублета. Максимальное значение вращательного квантового числа Jравно 24,5. Найденные экспериментальные положения линий в полосе 3–0 подтвердили корректность рассчитанных положений линий, приведенных в базе данных ExoMol. Проведена обработка частот зарегистрированных переходов, взвешенных в соответствии с экспериментальными погрешностями, и определены спектроскопические постоянные для колебательного состояния v = 3. С найденными постоянными выполнены предсказательные расчеты волновых чисел вращательных уровней колебательного состояния v = 3 до J = 30,5 и частот переходов в колебательной полосе 3–0 для электронных состояний 2P1/2и 2P3/2. Расчеты показали согласие с данными, приведенными в базе данных ExoMol, в пределах указанной погрешности.

The absorption spectrum of the 14N17O molecule in the range 5200–5550 cm-1was recorded for the first time using a Bruker IFS-125M Fourier spectrometer with a spectral resolution of 0.0056 cm-1. An analysis of the spectrum made it possible to detect 83 vibrational-rotational lines of the 3–0 band of the main transitions in the X2Pelectronic state of the 14N17O molecule. For 29 resolved doublets, the positions and relative intensities of each component of a doublet are determined. The spectroscopic L-parameters are found. For the remaining 25 unresolved doublets, the positions and relative intensities of the doublet center are also determined. The maximum of the rotational quantum number Jwas 24.5. The found experimental line positions in the 3–0 band confirmed the calculated data given in the ExoMol database. The frequencies of registered transitions weighted in accordance with experimental uncertainties have been processed, and the spectroscopic constants for the vibrational state v = 3 have been determined. With the found spectroscopic constants, predictive calculations were made of the rotational energy term values up to J = 30.5 in the vibrational state v = 3 and, accordingly, the transition frequencies of the 3–0 vibrational band for 2P1/2and 2P3/2electronic states. The calculations performed showed agreement with the data given in the ExoMol database, within the error specified.
The calendars of the XVI-XVII century in the Vilnius University Library
Authors: Balčienė Irena
Published: August 2024

Almanac - a book containing the days, weeks, and months of the year, along with information about festivals, astronomical data, and other items of interest.
The article describes the oldest almanacs held in the Vilnius University Library. There are 5 almanacs from the 16th century, 6 from the 17th century, and many from the 18th century. Special focus is given to their provenances. The majority of almanacs came to the Vilnius University Library from monasteries (Vilnius, Dotnuva, Molodechno, etc.). Another part came from the personal libraries of famous individuals. Many of these books have several bookplates, indicating a complex history within Lithuanian culture.
Some notes about the books of Žygimantas Augustas in the Vilnius University Library
Authors: Braziūnienė Alma
Published: August 2024

The article deals with the fate of the famous book collection of Sigismundus Augustus (1520-1572), Lithuanian Grand Duke and King of Poland. The private library of Sigismundus Augustus was a typical Renaissance library, comprising remarkable books on medicine, law, philosophy, literature, etc. It differed from other court libraries in Europe, which usually followed family traditions. An estimate of this wonderful collection was between 4,000 and 5,000 volumes. According to the will of Sigismundus Augustus, his book treasures were to be donated to the Jesuits College in Vilnius (i.e., Vilnius University), but his wish was only partially fulfilled. The majority of this collection was dispersed and partly destroyed during wars and other calamities. At present, the Library of Vilnius University possesses only 14 volumes (20 titles) from this collection. The majority of the dispersed books with provenance inscriptions from the Vilnius Jesuits College (68 volumes) are in the Library of the Academy of Sciences in St. Petersburg.
The review of the provenance of the surviving royal collection in the Library of Vilnius University and some notes concerning the questionable cases of provenance are presented in this article.
Texte des erstcn litauischen Gesangbuchs im Licht heutiger Betrachtungsweise
Authors: Bense Gertrud
Published: August 2024

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Influence of Zinc, Selenium and Germanium citrates nanoparticles on hematological and biochemical parameters of rabbits under moderate heat stress
Authors:   Institute of Animal Biology NAAS, 38 V. Stusa str., Lviv, 79034, Ukraine, Yuzviak M.
Published: August 2024

Climate change leads to increased environmental temperatures, which negatively affects the bodies of animals. Rabbits do not have sweat glands and are not able to regulate their body temperature, which, under conditions of heat stress, disrupts the physiological processes of the body: body thermoregulation, respiration, immune function, endocrine regulation, blood parameters, reproductive capacity, which are critical factors in ensuring the functioning of the body. In recent years, in order to mitigate heat stress, considerable attention has been focused on compounds produced by nanotechnology, which have a positive effect on the animal body compared to organic and inorganic substances and have a wide range of biological effects. However, the effect of macro- and microelement nanoparticles on the mammalian body depends on the amount used. Therefore, the purpose of the experiment was to study the hematological and biochemical parameters of rabbits after weaning under moderate heat stress by feeding Zinc, Selenium and Germanium citrates produced by nanotechnology.
A toxikus epidermalis necrolysis szemészeti vonatkozásai
Authors: Killik Petra , Kostyál Erika , Tóth Gábor , Szentmáry Nóra , Nagy Zoltán Zsolt , Maneschg Otto Alexander
Published: August 2024

A Stevens–Johnson-szindróma és a toxikus epidermalis necrolysis ritka, ugyanakkor
igen súlyos bőr- és nyálkahártya-megbetegedést okozó hiperszenzitivitási
reakció, amelyet elsősorban gyógyszer, illetve fertőző ágens vált ki. Bár ezek a
kórképek potenciálisan életet veszélyeztető állapotot idéznek elő, nem szabad
megfeledkezni a szemészeti következményekről sem, amelyek hosszú távon
jelentősen befolyásolják az egyén életminőségét. Esetismertetésünk célja
felhívni a figyelmet a fenti kórképek szemészeti szövődményeire és a mielőbb
megkezdett terápia fontosságára. Az akut fázisban a betegek 50%-ában jelentkezik
szemészeti érintettség, ebben az időszakban a nagy mortalitás miatt elveszhet a
fókusz a szemészeti intervencióról. Az alábbiakban egy 17 éves beteg esetét
ismertetjük, akinél az epilepszia kezelésére alkalmazott lamotrigin toxikus
epidermalis necrolysist indukált. Az égési intenzív osztályon töltött, összesen
54 nap első 4 hete rendkívül kritikus volt. A teljes testfelszínre kiterjedő,
epidermolysishez társuló szisztémás szövődményeket – mint hypothermia, akut
respiratorikus distressz szindróma, szepszis, akut tubularis elhalás,
vérszegénység és az elektrolit-egyensúly súlyos zavara – sikeresen kezelték. A
betegség szemészeti tüneteit kezdettől fogva jól kontrolláltuk. Két év
elteltével a szem elülső szegmentumában nem volt jelentős szövődmény, a
látóélesség teljes maradt. Orv Hetil. 2024; 165(31): 1206–1212.
Mesterséges intelligencia alkalmazása fogászati cone-beam számítógépes tomográfiás felvételek automatikus szegmentációjára
Authors: Hegyi Alexandra , Somodi Kristóf , Pintér Csaba , Molnár Bálint , Windisch Péter , García-Mato David , Diaz-Pinto Andres , Palkovics Dániel
Published: August 2024

Bevezetés: A ’cone-beam’ (kúpsugaras) számítógépes tomográfiás
(CBCT) felvételek szegmentációja során a síkbeli képekből álló adatokat három
dimenzióban (3D) rekonstruáljuk. A szájsebészetben és a parodontológiában a
digitális adatfeldolgozás lehetővé teszi a műtéti beavatkozások 3D tervezését. A
leggyakrabban alkalmazott határérték-alapú szegmentáció gyors, de pontatlan, míg
a félautomatikus módszerek megfelelő pontosságúak, de rendkívül időigényesek. Az
utóbbi években a mesterséges intelligencián alapuló technológiák elterjedésével
azonban mostanra lehetőség van a CBCT-felvételek automatikus szegmentációjára.
Célkitűzés: A klinikai gyakorlatból vett CBCT-felvételeken
betanított mélytanulási szegmentációs modell bemutatása és hatékonyságának
vizsgálata. Módszer: A vizsgálat három fő fázisa volt: a tanuló
adatbázis felállítása, a mélytanulási modell betanítása és ezen architektúra
pontosságának tesztelése. A tanuló adatbázis felállításához 70, részlegesen
fogatlan páciens CBCT-felvételeit alkalmaztuk. A SegResNet hálózati
architektúrára épülő szegmentációs modellt a MONAI rendszer segítségével
fejlesztettük ki. A mélytanulási modell pontosságának ellenőrzéséhez 15
CBCT-felvételt használtunk. Ezeket a felvételeket a mélytanulási modell
segítségével, valamint félautomatikus szegmentációval is feldolgoztuk, és
összehasonlítottuk a két szegmentáció eredményét. Eredmények: A
mélytanulásos szegmentáció és a félautomatikus szegmentáció közötti hasonlóság a
Jaccard-index szerint átlagosan 0,91 ± 0,02, a Dice hasonlósági együttható
átlagos értéke 0,95 ± 0,01, míg a két modell közötti átlagos Hausdorff- (95%)
távolság 0,67 mm ± 0,22 mm volt. A mélytanulásos architektúra által szegmentált
és a félautomatikus szegmentációval létrehozott 3D modellek térfogata nem
mutatott statisztikailag szignifikáns különbséget (p = 0,31).
Megbeszélés: A vizsgálatunkban használt mélytanulási modell
az irodalomban található mesterségesintelligencia-rendszerekhez hasonló
pontossággal végezte el a CBCT-felvételek szegmentációját, és mivel a
CBCT-felvételek a rutin klinikai gyakorlatból származtak, a mélytanulási modell
relatíve nagy megbízhatósággal szegmentálta a parodontalis csonttopográfiát és
az alveolaris gerincdefektusokat. Következtetés: A mélytanulási
modell nagy pontossággal szegmentálta az alsó állcsontot dentális
CBCT-felvételeken. Ezek alapján megállapítható, hogy a mélytanulásos
szegmentációval előállított 3D modell alkalmas lehet rekonstruktív szájsebészeti
és parodontalis sebészeti beavatkozások digitális tervezésére. Orv Hetil. 2024;
165(32): 1242–1251.
A clinical case of hypotonic hyperhydration and cerebral edema after gastric lavage in a young child
Authors:   Poltava State Medical University, Ukraine, Kravtsiv M.I. , Goncharuk O.S. ,   National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsya, Ukraine,   Municipal Non-Profit Enterprise Vinnytsia Regional Children's Clinical Hospital Vinnytsia Regional Council, Ukraine, Dudchenko M.O. ,   Poltava State Medical University, Ukraine, Ivashchenko D.М. ,   Poltava State Medical University, Ukraine, Bevz G.V. ,   National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsya, Ukraine, Tytarenko N.V. ,   National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsya, Ukraine, Voznyuk A.V. ,   National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsya, Ukraine, Starodub V.A. ,   Municipal Non-Profit Enterprise Vinnytsia Regional Children's Clinical Hospital Vinnytsia Regional Council, Ukraine
Published: August 2024

Gastric lavage is widely used in Ukraine to accelerate the removal of poisons from the gastrointestinal tract. However, its clinical efficacy has not been confirmed in multiple controlled studies, and life-threatening complications of this procedure include aspiration pneumonia, esophageal or gastric perforation, laryngospasm, hypoxia, arrhythmias, and fluid and/or electrolyte imbalance. The aim is to describe the features of diagnosis and treatment of cerebral edema with hypotonic hyperhydration in a 4 child after excessive administration of drinking water during gastric lavage. Clinical case. A report of a clinical case of successful treatment of cerebral edema with hypotonic hyperhydration in a 4-year-old child after excessive administration of drinking water during gastric lavage due to accidental inadvertent intake of levothyroxine is presented. Conclusions. Hyponatremia as a cause of hypoosmolar hyperhydration is a rare and life-threatening condition that can complicate gastric lavage in young children. The possibility of hyponatremia should also be carefully evaluated in all pediatric patients with intoxications with substances that can potentially increase antidiuretic hormone secretion, and isotonic saline should be used as a gastric lavage solution as well as for infusion therapy. For the most favorable prognosis, it is important to quickly increase the serum concentration of sodium by 5 mmol/l by intravenous infusion of hypertonic 3% sodium chloride solution, in its absence - 20% mannitol solution. This study did not involve any experiments on animals or humans. Written informed consent for treatment and publication of this case was obtained from the child's mother. No conflict of interests was declared by the authors.
Peningkatan Pelayanan Masyarakat dengan Memanfaatkan OpenSID Sebagai Media Sistem Informasi Digital di Desa Puncaksari
Authors: Ardiana Agus Tri , Amalia Purnama Sari  , Hilma Hamimah Maulani
Published: August 2024

The Village Government of Puncaksari in the Sindangkerta District of West Bandung has a crucial responsibility to provide efficient and high-quality public services. Currently, the service system relies on manual methods, resulting in various issues such as administrative complexity and the potential loss of vital documents. Therefore, efforts for improvement have been undertaken through the development of a Village Information System (SID) based on a website utilizing OpenSID. The approach used is participatory, involving the empowerment of the community and Village government officials. The results have shown that public services via the website have proven to be effective, saving time, and delivering significant benefits to both the Village government and the local residents.).
Strategi Pengembangan Kualitas UMKM Untuk Meningkatkan Perekonomian Masyarakat Dusun IV Desa Wargaluyu Kabupaten Bandung
Authors: Nenden Liska Gipari  , Dina Awaliah Deswita  , Mohamad Rafli Fauzi  , Mohammad Akmal Baihakhi
Published: August 2024

The people of Dusun IV Wargaluyu Village have a variety of business potential originating from agricultural and plantation products. However, the efforts carried out have not been optimal, so that Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) activities have not been able to develop well and expand their businesses. This has resulted in many business actors closing their businesses. The problems currently being faced by Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Hamlet IV Wargaluyu Village are lack of capital and limited product marketing. The community service method is carried out using steps based on community empowerment (Sisdamas). The aim of this program is that it is hoped that it can build the village economy through MSMEs, improve the quality of their processed products, and create jobs for the community. The strategy that can be implemented in an effort to develop the quality of MSMEs in Dusun IV Wargaluyu Village is to provide training to MSME actors related to Branding and Social Media Marketing.
Penerapan Metode Card Sort dalam Mengingkatkan Hasil Belajar Peserta Didik pada Mata Pelajaran Fikih Materi Bersuci Setelah Haid di Kelas IV MIN 5 Ciamis Tahun Pelajaran 2023-2024
Authors: Sofi Sofiatin
Published: August 2024

This classroom action research aims to determine the application of the card sort method in improving student learning outcomes in the Fiqh subject material on purification after menstruation in class IV MIN 5 Ciamis in the 2023-2024 academic year and to determine the increase in student learning outcomes after applying the card sort method in Fiqh subject material on purification after menstruation in class IV MIN 5 Ciamis for the 2023-2024 academic year. This research was carried out at MIN 5 Ciamis using the Kurt Lewin model of classroom action research method which consists of three cycles, each cycle consisting of 4 stages, namely: planning, implementation, observation and reflection. The research population consisted of 51 students with a sample of 25 students. Research data was obtained by means of documentation studies, observations and tests, by testing the hypothesis that the indicator of success of this research is if the average score of students reaches more than 80%, experiencing learning completeness and performance indicators reach a score of more than 80 for the results of observing teacher activities and student activities. The results of this Classroom Action Research are that the application of the card sort method can improve student learning outcomes in the Islamic jurisprudence subject regarding purification after menstruation in class IV MIN 5 Ciamis for the 2023-2024 academic year. This is proven by the increase in student learning outcomes from 44% to 88% experiencing completeness in learning. Then the results of observations of teacher and student activities increased from 78 to 86. So by implementing the card sort method you can improve student learning outcomes.
Optimalisasi Biaya Operasional Penggunaan BBM Pada Kantor Induk PT PLN (Persero) Unit Induk Transmisi Jawa Bagian Tengah
Authors: Widiana Putri Pangastutiningtyas
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini fokus pada optimalisasi biaya operasional penggunaan bahan bakar minyak (BBM) di PT PLN (Persero) Unit Induk Transmisi Jawa Bagian Tengah. Dalam upaya meningkatkan efisiensi operasional dan mengefektifkan biaya, penelitian ini menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi penggunaan BBM. Metodologi yang digunakan meliputi analisis data historis penggunaan BBM. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat proses biaya pengelolaan yang baik sehingga mencapai hasil yang maksimal dan ideal dengan memanfaatkan kerjasama pihak SPBU 3440240 induk kantor dapat memenuhi laba pemeliharaan. Dengan demikian, penelitian ini bertujuan agar PT PLN (Persero) dapat melakukan upaya mengurangi biaya operasional dan meningkatkan efisiensi penggunaan BBM, yang diharapkan dapat berdampak positif pada kinerja finansial perusahaan secara keseluruhan.
Strategi Efisiensi Proses Kerja Dan Tata Kelola Birokrasi di Sekretariat DPRD Provinsi Jawa Barat
Authors: Aden Herdiana
Published: August 2024

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaiamana proses kerja, startegi yang diterapkan oleh
Sekeretariat DPRD Provinsi Jawa Barat dalam meningkatkan efisiensi proses kerja dan tata
kelola birokrasi, Fokus utama dari startegi ini adalah analisis mendalam terhadap alur kerja
yang ada, penerapan teknologi informasi untuk auotomasi dan digitalisasi, pengembangan
sumber daya manusia, pengelolaan keuangan yang efektif, serta kepatuhan terhadap regulasi
dan kebijakan yang berlaku. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode
kualitatif dengan proses pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara, studi dokumen, wawancara,
observasi langsung serta studi dokumen yang dapat membantu berjalannya proses penelitian
ini. Dengan informan sebanyak 3 orang selaku pegawai di Sekretariat DPRD Provinsi Jawa
Barat. Maka dengan menerapkan strategi ini, diharapkan dapat tercipta proses kerja yang lebih
cepat, efisien, dan transparan, serta tata kelola birokrasi yang lebih baik. Artikel ini juga
menyoroti pentingnya komunikasi efektif kerjasama tim dalam mencapai tujuan bersama untuk
meningkatkan kinerja organisasi. Hasil dan penerapan strategi ini diharapkan untuk
meningkatkan pelayanan kepada masyarakat dan memperkuat akuntabilitas serta transparansi
dalam pengelolaan administrasi publik.
Kata Kunci : Administrasi Kepegawaian, Prinsip-Prinsip Administrasi, Efisiensi Proses Kerja,
Tata Kelola Birokrasi, Strategi Efisiensi, Sekretariat DPRD Provinsi Jawa Barat
PROSES KERJA DAN TATA KELOLA BIROKRASI: MENGINTEGRASIKAN KEGIATAN PIMPINAN DPRD PROVINSI JAWA BARAT KE DALAM MEDIA SOSIAL
Authors: Cici Nasirotul Maspufah
Published: August 2024

Dalam konteks pengelolaan tata kelola birokrasi dan proses kerja yang efisien, integrasi kegiatan pimpinan DPRD Provinsi Jawa Barat ke dalam media sosial menjadi sebuah langkah strategis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bagaimana proses kerja dan tata kelola birokrasi dapat dioptimalkan melalui penggunaan media sosial dalam mengintegrasikan kegiatan pimpinan DPRD Provinsi Jawa Barat. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif, dengan mengumpulkan data dari berbagai sumber terkait. Temuan dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan media sosial dapat meningkatkan efektivitas dan responsivitas dalam proses kerja birokrasi, serta memberikan akses yang lebih luas kepada masyarakat terhadap informasi dan kegiatan yang dilakukan oleh pimpinan DPRD Provinsi Jawa Barat. Implikasi dari penelitian ini memberikan dasar bagi pengembangan strategi komunikasi yang lebih efisien dan terarah dalam konteks pengelolaan tata kelola birokrasi di DPRD Provinsi Jawa Barat
MENINGKATKAN KESEJAHTERAAN KEPALA KELUARGA PEREMPUAN MELALUI MODAL USAHA DI BEKASI
Authors: Nazila Aryanti  , Fayya Bariyyatassyifa  , Qonita Naila Salsabila  , Ilham Mundzir
Published: August 2024

Kemiskinan sudah menjadi persoalan umum yang sedang dihadapi oleh khususnya negara berkembang. Kemiskinan disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor seperti kurangnya lapangan pekerja, gaji yang tidak mencukupi untuk memenuhi kebutuhan hidup serta kualitas hidup masyarakat yang rendah. Perempuan yang menjadi tulang punggung keluarga adalah yang paling merasakan dampaknya. Oleh karena itu, program pemberdayaan ini difokuskan untuk membantu meningkatkan kesejahteraan ekonomi kepala keluarga Perempuan dengan upaya pemberian modal usaha di wilayah Bekasi, Jawa Barat. Metode yang dilaksanakan dalam program pemberdayaan ini adalah PAR (Participatory Action Research), yang dapat membantu mahasiswa untuk aktif terlibat dalam proses kegiatan pemberdayaan dari mencari mitra, stakeholders, merancang program, dsb. Hasil dari program pemberdayaan ini didapatkan bahwa walaupun Bu Asih sempat mengalami penurunan pendapatan karena sudah lama tidak berjualan di warungnya, Bu Asih mendapatkan penghasilan yang dapat mencukupi kebutuhan sehari-harinya.
Kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside protects myocardial cell injury by inhibiting the TXNIP/NLRP3 pathway
Authors: Shi Ling-li , Zhao Xiao-ni , Bai Juan , Li Sheng-nan , Hua Fang , Zhou Peng
Published: August 2024

Kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside (KR), a compound commonly found in green tea, has demonstrated significant myocardial protective effects. The aim of this study was to reveal the cardioprotective mechanism of KR. In this study, molecular docking was employed to predict the binding affinity of KR to thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP). An injury model of H9c2 cells was established using lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels were measured using specific kits, while total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), and catalase (CAT) activities were assessed with colorimetric assays. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) level was determined using the DCFH-DA fluorescent probe assay. In addition, the expression levels of TXNIP, NLR-family pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3), cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase-1 (Caspase-1), and thioredoxin (TRX) were quantified by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot (WB) assays. Levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-18 were determined by ELISA. The results indicated that KR has a specific binding affinity for TXNIP. KR was found to reduce LDH and MDA activities, increase CAT, GSH, T-SOD, and inhibit ROS production. Mechanistically, KR decreased the gene and protein expressions of TXNIP, Caspase-1, and NLRP3, while increasing the gene and protein expression of TRX. Also, KR decreased the levels of IL-1β and IL-18. In conclusion, the protective mechanism of KR against cardiomyocyte injury involves the inhibition of the TXNIP/NLRP3 pathway, providing experimental evidence for its potential clinical application.
ON THE ROLE OF TRANSCRITICAL EVAPORATION IN CONTROLLING THE TRANSITION FROM TWO-PHASE TO SINGLE-PHASE MIXING
Authors: Lamanna Grazia , Weigand Bernhard , Steinhausen C.
Published: August 2024

The dynamics of near-critical single droplets allow to investigate the transition from two-phase to
single-phase mixing under well-defined conditions, devoid of the additional complications due to drop-drop interactions and combustion. Recently, an empirical regime map was proposed to predict the evolution of microscopic transcritical droplets. The experiments show that classical evaporation remains the controlling mechanism over a wide range of supercritical ambient pressures and temperatures
with respect to the critical point of the evaporating fluid. Moreover, the onset ambient pressure for the transition to single-phase mixing varies inversely with temperature. To explain this trend, the behavior of a single droplet at near-critical conditions is investigated theoretically by means of a Langmuir-type evaporation model, originally proposed by Young. The model incorporates a modified
boundary condition due to the inclusion of gas kinetic effects close to the vapor-liquid interface.
This advanced evaporation model is employed to reproduce analytically the above-mentioned regime map, showing a good agreement with experimental findings. The analysis also revealed that the onset of the single-phase mixing regime is associated with the quenching of the evaporation process. The latter is caused by the decrease of the evaporation coefficient, which control the mass-transfer rate
across the Knudsen layer. The resulting reduction in evaporative cooling leads to the rapid heating
of the liquid droplet and to the disintegration of the material interface at the critical temperature.
‘A flower of an exile’: International Political Networks in Anna Birkbeck’s Album
Authors: Del Bene Emi
Published: August 2024

Anna Birkbeck’s album contains a rousing poem about the Polish independence cause by Polish author, translator, and exile Stanisław Egbert Koźmian. By contextualizing this seemingly unusual political entry, inter-album connections are revealed, offering insights into networks of European political exiles and insurrectionists in London in the 1820s and 1830s. This analysis shows how the medium of the album could use feminine tropes to carry political meanings, acting as a repository of family values and reflecting the causes supported by the Birkbecks and their circles.