bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fault Statistical Classification and Fault Mode Analysis of Steam-Induced Vibration of Steam Turbine
Authors: He Cheng Bing , Gu Yu Jiong
Published: February 2011

Steam-induced vibration fault seriously affects the reliable operation of supercritical steam turbine. A lot of actual cases of steam-induced vibration of steam turbine were collected in this work. Based on the cases, steam-induced vibration fault was statistical and classified by fault severity, fault reason, occurrence load and happened time. The results show that steam-induced vibration usually occurs after turbine runs one year later and turbine is with a high load. Oil temperature change is the main running parameters which affect steam-induced vibration. Distribute steam mechanism, especially improper opening and order of adjustment valve, is the most important factor causing steam-induced vibration fault. Meanwhile, based on the FMEA method, fault mode of steam-induced vibration was analyzed in detail.
Image Interpolation Algorithm Based on Edge Features
Authors: Yang Yun Feng , Wei Xiao Guang , Su Zhi Xun
Published: February 2011

Image interpolation is used widely in the computer vision. Holding edge information is main problem in the image interpolation. By using bilinear and bicubic B-spline interpolation methods, a novel image interpolation approach was proposed in this paper. Firstly, inverse distance weighted average method was used to reduce image’s noise. Secondly, edge detection operator was used to extract image's edges information. It can help us to select different interpolation methods in the image interpolation process. Finally, we selected bilinear interpolation approach at non-edge regions, and bicubic B-spline interpolation method was used near edges regions. Further more, control vertexes were computed from pixels with calculation formula which has been simplified in the B-spline interpolation process. Experiments showed the interpolated image by the proposed method had good vision results for it could hold image's edge information effectively.
A Method of Network Forensics Analysis Based on Frequent Sequence Mining
Authors: Zhong Xiu Yu
Published: February 2011

For the mistaken report and false alarm occurring frequently in intrusion detection system (IDS), the evidence based on forensics system of IDS is inefficient and low credibility. Frequent sequence mining based on Jpcap is proposed for network forensics analysis. After fetching and filtering network data package, the system mines data with frequent sequence according to the evidence relevance to build and update signature database of offense, and judges whether the current user’s behavior is legal in the network forensics analysis stage or not. Simulation results show that the algorithm of frequent sequence mining can identify the new crime behavior and improve the credibility and efficiency of evidence in network forensics analysis.
A New Heuristic Attribute Reduction Method Based on Boolean Matrix
Authors: Xie Yan Hong
Published: February 2011

Attribute reduction of rough set is a very important research topic. The shortcoming of Reference [8,9]’s method is got a superset of a true reduction sometimes, and the disadvantage of Reference [10]’s algorithm is could not get a right attribute reduction sometimes. To overcome the above shortcomings, a new heuristic attribute reduction method based on Boolean matrix is put forward. Finally, the method’s feasibility and validity are proved by examples.
The Prediction Research on Ports of Coasts Based on Grey Theory in Fangcheng Port
Authors: Liu Wen Fang , Liao Zhi Gao , Lu Chen Yu
Published: February 2011

This paper use grey theory to establish prediction model to forecast the volume of ports of coasts in Fangcheng Port in Guangxi. Since the access to statistical data of ports of coasts in Fangcheng Port in Guangxi, it is difficult to forecast using traditional method. Through establish the GM(1,1) model , this paper gives the predation on ports of coasts in Fangcheng Port in Guangxi, The predicted results show that the throughput growth faster in the next few years, and will achieve Historical breakthrough in 2014.
Finite Element Simulation of Springback in Sheet Metal Forming
Authors: Chen Lei
Published: February 2011

Springback during unloading affects the dimensional accuracy of sheet metal parts. A finite element model is proposed to predict springback with contact evolution between the sheet and dies based on U-bending benchmark of Numisheet 1993. The underlying formulation is based on updated Lagrangian elastoplastic materials model. BHF is modeled as an effective force on the edge of the flange. Sheet unloading is simulated by the tools’ reverse motion. Sensitivity analysis done using the finite element method (FEM) demonstrated that the magnitude of springback and the overall accuracy are highly influenced by the element size, integration points and yield criteria. The solutions validated with experimental data of Numisheet 1993 show more accurately than 90%.The optimal model derived from FEM analysis provides an accurate solution and small convergence. It also has merit in not requiring excessive computation time.
Visual Simulation of Straight-Racket-Hit Skill of Table Tennis Based on MD2 Model
Authors: Jia Tian Qi , Guo Gao Pin , Yu Yong , Guo Xi Juan
Published: February 2011

To the analysis and further development of straight-racket-hit skill of table tennis, visual simulation is established to help finding its character through comparing with straight racket backhand skill. To overcome such flaws as unable to exert enough force and difficult to determine a strike point, an optimal angle to achieve the skill is got through analyzing force of different angle of wrist and forearm. Through analyzing the visual simulation of mechanical arm, a systematic theory is established to orient the training of straight-racket-hit skill.
Set Pair Social Network Analysis Model
Authors: Yang Hong Mei , Zhang Chun Ying , Liang Rui Tao , Tian Fang
Published: February 2011

Through the study on social network information, this paper explore that there exists the certain and uncertain phenomena in the process of finding the relationship between individuals by using social networks, and the social networks are constantly changing. In light of there are some uncertainty and dynamic problems for the network, this paper put forward the set pair social network analysis model and set pair social network analysis model and its properties.
Dynamic Performance of Vehicle-Turnout-Bridge Coupling System in High-Speed Railway
Authors: Chen Rong , Ping Wang , Quan Shun Xi
Published: February 2011

In order to study dynamic behavior of vehicle-turnout-bridge coupling system, a vehicle-turnout-bridge dynamic analysis model is established by employing the dynamic finite element method (FEM). When No.18 crossover turnouts(with a speed of 350km/h) are laid symmetrically on the 6×32m continuous beam, influences of turnout/bridge relative position and wheel/rail contact relation in turnout zone on the system dynamic responses are analyzed. The result shows that: wheel/rail contact of turnout zone (especially the frog) has great effect on dynamic responses of turnout on bridge, thus the nose rail height of frog should be optimized to mitigate the wheel load transition and its longitudinal gradient. In terms of the 32m-span continuous beam, the best relative position is frog part of turnout arranged in the range of 1/8 and 1/4 of span.
Aggregate Homotopy Method for Min-Max-Min Programming Satisfying a Weak-Normal Cone Condition
Authors: Xiong Hui Juan , Yu B.
Published: February 2011

Min-max-min programming is an important but difficult nonsmooth programming. An aggregate homotopy method was given for solving min-max-min programming by Bo Yu el al. However, the method requires a difficult to verify weak-normal cone condition. Moreover, the method is only theoretically with no algorithmic implementation. In this paper, the weak normal cone condition is discussed first. A class of min-max-min programming satisfying the condition is introduced. A detailed algorithm to implement the method is presented. Models arising from some applications such as support vector machine for multiple-instance classification in data mining, can be included in the problem. In the end, the aggregate homotopy method is given to solve the multiple-instance support vector machine model.
Adaptive Polynomial Approximation to Circular Arcs
Authors: Lu Li Zheng
Published: February 2011

We present a new adaptive method for approximating circular arcs in polynomial form by using the s-power series. Circular arcs can be expressed in infinite series form, we obtain the order-k Hermite interpolant by truncating at the kth term. An upper bound on the error of the interpolant is available, so we can obtain the lowest degree polynomial curve that approximates a circular arc within any user-prescribed tolerance. And this degree can be further reduced through subdivision, which generates a spline approximation with Ck continuity at the joints.
Optimal Design of the Vertical Machining Center Based on Stiffness Analysis
Authors: Zhao Yan Min , Wu Zhi Jun , Zhang Jian Fu , Feng Ping Fa , Yu Ding Wen
Published: February 2011

Stiffness analysis plays an important role in the optimization of the machine tool. By analyzing the static stiffness, dynamic stiffness and natural frequency of the key components, we discussed how to improve static and dynamic performance of the whole machine. Through the finite element analysis method, weak parts of the vertical machining center are firstly identified based on static stiffness analysis. Due to the purposes of increasing the stroke in Y-direction, improving the whole machine stiffness and without increasing the whole machine weight, optimal designs are carried out mainly on the structures of the spindle box and the column. And the performance of the parts and the whole machine before and after optimization is compared by testing whether the stiffness is improved or not. We also conducted experiments, and the results are consistent with the results of finite element analysis.
Blind JPEG Steganalysis Using Features Derived from Multi-Domain
Authors: Yu Wen Qiong , Li Zhuo , Ping Ling Di
Published: February 2011

In this paper, a new blind steganalytic scheme is proposed to effectively detect JPEG steganography. In DCT domain, the co-occurrence matrices are used to capture the intra-block and inter-block correlations among the quantized coefficients. In spatial domain, we estimate the invariant components of the decompressed raw pixels between the cover and stego images by wiping selected intermediate frequency AC coefficients, and collect eighteen statistics in total. Combining the DCT and spatial features leads to be more effective for classification. The experimental results have demonstrated that the proposed method is stable, and outperforms the recently reported steganalysis in attacking the advanced JPEG steganography.
The Equivalence of Mann and Implicit Mann Iterations for Uniformly Pseudocontractive Mappings in Uniformly Smooth Banach Spaces
Authors: Wang Cheng , Wang Zhi Ming
Published: February 2011

In this paper, suppose is an arbitrary uniformly smooth real Banach space, and is a nonempty closed convex subset of . Let be a generalized Lipschitzian and uniformly pseudocontractive self-map with . Suppose that , are defined by Mann iteration and implicit Mann iteration respectively, with the iterative parameter satisfying certain conditions. Then the above two iterations that converge strongly to fixed point of are equivalent.
Pricing Option on Jump Diffusion and Stochastic Interest Rates Model
Authors: Peng Bo , Wu Zhi Hui
Published: February 2011

This paper assumed that the stock price jump process for a special kind of renewal jump process, that is incident time interval for independent and subordinate to Gamma distribution random variable sequence. We obtain the European bi-direction option pricing formulas on jump diffusion model under the stochastic interest rates by simply mathematical induce by means of martingale method.
Research on Discipline Evolution in Local University Based on Ant Colony Algorithm
Authors: Wang Xiao Ci , Chen Liang , Zheng Cai Yun
Published: February 2011

Local Universities are an important part of higher education in China. The discipline as the core element of higher education is the basic strategy unit which supports teaching, research and social services. The development level of the discipline represents higher education development. From the perspective of technological innovation in the development of disciplines, this paper studies the discipline evolution, which based on ant colony optimization theory. We constructed a mathematical model applied to the discipline evolution.
Study on Processing Mineralogy of Xuanhua Iron Ore
Authors: Han Xiu Li , Li Chang Cun , Liu Li Na
Published: February 2011

The chemical component, mineral composition and dissemination characteristics of Xuanhua iron ore are researched systematically. The result shows that: the iron ore mainly is oolitic structure and colloform, xenomorphic granular texture, the mineral composition is complex, the primary metallic minerals is hematite, and the rocky minerals mainly is quartz, followed by carbonate, epidote, chlorite, and amphibole. The diffraction size of hematite and rocky minerals is fine. It is difficult to liberate between hematite and rocky minerals and easy to be mud. The iron ore is very hard to separate, and it can be used in the process of stage grinding and concentration.
An Evaluation Method Based on Grey Incidence Coefficient and Double-Point Method
Authors: Hao Pu Yu , Li Bao Feng , Cui Yu Huan
Published: February 2011

To one company, it takes 8 major economic indicators as evaluation indexes. Firstly, it uses correlation method to determine the weight and uses the double-point method to sort the 8-years comprehensive economic enterprises. Then through the analysis of the correlation matrix, it identifies the main factors. Finally, the ranking and principal component analysis results are compared and analyzed.
Research on Key Factors in Shader Programming of Dynamic Water Surface
Authors: Feng Yu Fen
Published: February 2011

Research on real time dynamic water surface is a hotspot in the study of virtual reality with very broad application prospect. With the rapid development of calculating ability of GPU (Graphics Processing Unit) and the development of HLSL (High-Level Shader Language), the tasks such as vertex shader ,pixel shader, calculation of normal vector, dynamic texture mapping and calculation of water reflections and refractions can be done by GPU. In our research we studied the key factors affecting the effect of dynamic water surface and indicated that the writer presents some opinions which can generate more accurate reflections and refractions of water through adjusting light intensity and colorimchy by lighting and perturbing 2D texture mapping with normal mapping. A shader program in Virtools has been written and applied in virtual reality project. In the actual operation the effect is real and the rendering speed has greatly increased.
Study on the Modification of Polishing Putty by Inorganic Filler
Authors: Bi Chun Bo
Published: February 2011

In order to decrease the cost of polishing putty, the interrelations between talcum powder as the filler and KH550, KH560, or silane compound coupler were investigated by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and Fourier transform infrared spectrum (FTIR). It was proved that the effect of Modification of KH560 coupler is the best.
Research of Centroid Extraction for Feature Point Based on FPGA
Authors: Li Bing , Liu Xiao Hong , Wu Wen Jing
Published: February 2011

This paper focuses on the centroid extraction algorithm of feature point. We present a recognition algorithm to identify the feature point and extract centroid. This algorithm can extract the centroid of the feature point from the complex background by scanning the original image only one time. We design a hardware architecture and implement it based on FPGA. Experimental results show that it can extract the centroid coordinates exactly from the complex background in real time with low-cost hardware resources.
Orthodontic EMR Cloud Based on 2-Tier Cloud Architecture
Authors: Zhang Wen Jun , Yang Ai Min , Liu Yi
Published: February 2011

Now for orthodontists there are no commercial orthodontic EMR systems suitable for their clinical needs in China, so we study orthodontist’s daily workflow, analyze the requirements, and finally develop the orthodontic EMR Cloud for Peking University School of Stomatology. We propose and adopt 2-Tier Cloud-ARchitecture (2TCAR), which contains rich client tier based on Rich Internet Application (RIA) and server-side Cloud tier based on SimpleDB, to develop the orthodontist’s EMR Cloud for orthodontics according to orthodontist’s workflow. In the 2TCAR the rich client tier is maximized to implement almost all functionalities of user interfaces and transaction logic in the EMR. Functionalities in server-side Cloud tier are simplified only to implement data storage and query. Communication between the two Cloud tiers is also simplified via REST. In the article we research corresponding technologies such as Cloud computing, REST, Flex in RIA and SimpleDB Cloud. Further, in the orthodontic EMR Cloud we use Flex to implement UI presentation & interaction, transaction logic, and REST requests & responses in rich client tier; then design SimpleDB Cloud in server-side Cloud tier, and communication between two tiers via REST. And the EMR Cloud is integrated with existing Resister, Ward and Drugstore information systems. The practice shows that the orthodontic EMR Cloud based on the 2TCAR can fit seamlessly into orthodontist’s daily workflow and effectively replace current paper medical records.
The Structure of a Group Biproduct
Authors: Jiang Xiu Yan , Sun Feng Zhi , Liu Guo Qing , Qiao Xing
Published: February 2011

In this paper we mainly give the necessary and sufficient conditonsfor a group biproduct to be a Hopf group coalgebra and state some properties such as group integrals ,grouplike elements and cosemisimplicity.
A New Method for Predicting Unsteady Performance of Integrative Propulsion System
Authors: He M. , Huang S.
Published: February 2011

In order to investigate unsteady hydrodynamic performance of integrative propulsion system, integral solution based on panel method is used to calculate the system. Interaction between propeller and rudder is considered by recalculating influence coefficents. Influence of propeller wake to rudder is studied, and then propulsion performance of integrative propulsion system is calculated in steady flow. Calculation results is compared with steady value and indicates that it’s feasible to use this method for predicting the unsteady performance of integrative propulsion system.
Influence of Absorber’s Stiffness and Installation Site on Bit Trajectory
Authors: Zhu Xiao Hua , Jia Y.J. , Li Jin He
Published: February 2011

A model of drillstring system dynamics was derived based on the drillstring’s Dynamics Equation, System Dynamics Theory and the optimization of absorber’s stiffness and installation site. A numerical calculation approach for solving drillstring system and bit movement was presented according to the drilling parameters. And this paper employed the simulation calculations to analyze and optimize absorber’s stiffness and installation site on different conditions. The results show that the absorber’s stiffness has significant impact on the movement frequencies of bit in the fourth quadrant when the bit next to the borehole wall drills ahead, and absorber has preferable ability of controlling deflection under stiffness for 3950kN/m and 6200kN/m; while the installation site of absorber has acute influence on the bit movement in the first quadrant, the third quadrant and the fourth quadrant, and the optimum position of the absorber is 0.6m distant from the bit. Parameters of absorber’s stiffness and installation site recommended in this study could improve the effectiveness of penetration and are good for controlling deflection and well path.
Time-Dependent Load Bearing Capacity of Corroded R.C. Columns in Atmosphere Environment
Authors: Li Qiang , Jin Nan Guo , Jin Xian Yu
Published: February 2011

As a supporting member of concrete structures, the reliability of the columns is of critical importance. To have models targeted to estimating the residual load-bearing capacity of corroded reinforced concrete (R.C.) columns so that inspection procedures and maintenance interventions can be well conducted, a time-dependent capacity model for corroded R.C. column is presented. The model was based on equilibrium equations on which load-bearing capacity of R.C. column at given time (year) can be predicted considering the overall deteriorations of rebar, concrete section, mechanical properties and bond behavior between corroded reinforcement and concrete. The model was verified by published literature test results of corroded R.C. columns served in atmosphere environment for years. The comparison of the model predictions with the test results shows the validity of the model. In the end, considerations for use of the model were suggested.
A Crime Decision-Making Model Based on AHP
Authors: Yan Fei Xue , Xia Jing , Shen Guan Qun , Kang Xu Sheng
Published: February 2011

As time goes by, hazard rate of the society would increase if crime prediction was not implemented. Based on objective factors of offenders and victims characteristics, AHP method can be established to get a quantitative and qualitative analysis on crime prediction. Crime prediction is a strategic and tactical measure for crime prevention. According to AHP analysis, two prediction models of the optimal predictive crime locations are put forward. Standard Deviational Ellipses Model and Key Feature adjusted Spatial Choice Model were formulated to account for the anticipated position with various elements from AHP method. These models could be applied in a computer simulation of situation tests of the series murders. Besides, applying those models in certain real case demonstrates how the models work. Through models comparison, the results are summarized that Key Feature adjusted Spatial Choice Model is more conducive in confirming the guilty place. In conclusion, the suggested models, including detailed criminal map, are easy to implement.
Control and Utilization Method for Urban Rain-Flood
Authors: Yan Jun , Jiang Chang You , Chen Sai Nan , Zhang Ju
Published: February 2011

Urban rain-flood disasters become more ordinary and serious recently under global warming and unreasonable exploitation. Summed up the characters of urban rain-floods, the mechanism of urban rain-flood disasters is analyzed. More ever, the main countermeasures to control and utilize urban rain-flood comprehensively and effectively are put forward.
Study on Dispersion Character of Fine Oolitic Hematite Ore Particle
Authors: Li Feng Jiu
Published: February 2011

The fine oolitic hematite ore (＜20μm) is easily covered by the ore slime, therefore, it is processed very difficultly with traditional crafts, for example, gravity treatment, magnetic separation, and flotation. The tiny iron ore is unable to recycle effectively, bring about a large of useful minerals running off. It is indicated that the selective flocculation is effective separation craft in many research works. The good dispersion of fine particles is the selective flocculation essential condition, the excessive dispersion will destroy the selective flocculation, at the same time it can be influenced by the water quality, pH, the mixing time, the shear rate and the dispersing agent use level. In this article, to oolitic hematite ore, the chemistry dispersion research is conducted to provide the foundation for further selective flocculation separation.
Spallation of Concrete under Dynamic Loading: Mesh Size Effect
Authors: Yuan L. , Xu Tao , Xu Q.
Published: February 2011

Spallation of concrete under dynamic loading has been the hot issue of concern about civil engineering structures and protective engineering. In the present paper, the principle of propagation of stress wave and the induced spallation process along a one-dimensional bar and the RFPA-Dynamics code which considers the heterogeneity of the concrete materials are briefly introduced. In order to numerically investigate the effect of mesh size of numerical model on the computational results, the failure process of concrete with three mesh sizes under dynamic loads was numerically simulated using RFPA-Dynamics code. Numerical simulations show that the failure patterns of concrete with different mesh sizes under dynamic stress waves are different. It is found that for the numerical models with the same mechanical parameters, the smaller mesh size of the numerical model is, the longer propagation of stress wave delay, the smaller the compressive stress is, thus the greater the tensile stress is, and the number of cracks is increasing, in general, rupture is more serious. The accuracy of mesh is little to improve when the number of the grid increases to a certain value.
The Plastic Work Curvature Criterion in Evaluating Gross Plastic Deformation for Pressure Vessels with Conical Heads
Authors: Zehsaz Mohammad , Tahami Farid Vakili , Gandomi Yasser Ashraf
Published: February 2011

Conical shells are often joined to cylindrical shells and under internal pressure, the intersection between the large end of a cone and a cylinder is subjected to a large circumferential compressive stresses which can lead to its failure by whether axi-symmetric gross plastic deformation involving excessive inward deformations or non-symmetric buckling which accompanies by circumferential waves around the intersection. In Pressure Vessel Design by Analysis, the designer is required to address both these behavior modes when specifying the allowable static load. In this paper, plastic collapse or gross plastic deformation load is evaluated for a typical pressure vessel with conical head using plastic work curvature criterion and the results are compared with other criteria suggested by international standards such as ASME. The plastic work curvature criterion is based on the plastic work dissipated in the structure as loading progresses and may be used for structures subject to a single load or a combination of multiple loads. The results of analyzing using this new criterion show that the plastic collapse load given by the plastic work curvature criterion is robust and consistent and is in the close agreement with the results from international codes. The most significant aspect of the proposed method in which plastic work curvature criterion has been used is that the plastic collapse loads are determined purely by the inelastic response of the structure and therefore they are not influenced by the initial elastic response: a problem with some other established plastic criteria. The results also show that the design load is mostly limited by the formation of an axi-symmetric gross plastic deformation in the intersection of the vessel prior to the formation of non-symmetric buckling modes
Modeling Research on Hospitalization Cost in Patients with Cerebral Infarction Based on BP Neural Network
Authors: Zhou Lei , Wu Jian Hui , Wang Guo Li , Su Yu , Zhang Guo Bin
Published: February 2011

To establish the model of hospitalization cost in patients with cerebral infarction based on neural network using artificial network mathematical model, and setting the appropriate parameters. LM, BR, OSS, SCG four algorithms were used respectively to model 3, 5,10,15, 20 neuron number in different hidden layers and comparisons between model fitting ability and its generalization ability were made. The model which involves a hidden layer, 8 input neurons, 15 neurons in output layer network is the optimal model by using OSS system.
BP Neural Network and Multiple Linear Regression in Acute Hospitalization Costs in the Comparative Study
Authors: Wu Jian Hui , Wang Guo Li , Wang Jing , Su Yu
Published: February 2011

The BP neural network is the important component of artificial neural networks, and gradually becomes a branch of the computation statistics. With its many characteristics such as large-scale parallel information processing, excellent self-adaptation and self-learning, the BP neural network has been used in solving the complex nonlinear dynamic system prediction. The BP neural network does not need the precise mathematical model, does not have any supposition request to the material itself. Its processing non-linear problem's ability is stronger than traditional statistical methods. By means of contrasting the BP neural network and the multi-dimensional linear regression ,this article discoveries that the BP neural network fitting ability is more stronger, the prediction performance is more stable, may be further applied and promoted in analysis and forecast of the continual material factor.
The Comparative Study of Workplace Violence in Both the State-Owned Hospitals and Private Hospitals
Authors: Yu Li Qun , Tang Xiao Xia , Wu Jian Hui , Chen Shi
Published: February 2011

To understand the prevalence of workplace violence of the state-owned hospitals and private hospitals and to compare the characteristics of them in Tangshan city. Cluster sampling method were used to investigate the three state-owned hospitals and five private hospitals， medical staff who suffer violence in the workplace from April 2008 to April 2009 in Tangshan city. The incidence rate of workplace violence in state-owned hospitals(62.98%) was higher than private hospitals（13.55％）. The type of the violence is mainly psychological violence both in state-owned hospitals and private hospitals. And state-owned hospitals’ incidence of psychological violence (46.48％) was higher than private hospitals（13.55％）. Both state-owned hospitals and private hospitals， the violence mainly occurred during daytime hours. Violence of state-owned hospital most occurred in wards（47.92%）， while private hospitals most occurred in medical rooms（32.35%）. The most important reasons for workplace violence in State-owned hospitals and private hospitals were the perpetrators of alcohol (42.81%) and patients without improvement or self-opinion that there is no improvement（57.35％）, respectively. Private Hospitals’ incidence of workplace violence is lower than the state-owned hospitals’ in Tangshan city， According to the characteristics of various hospitals， we should implement interventions to reduce the incidence of violence in the hospital.
Oxidative Damage of Cardiovascular System in Rats Following Lead Exposure
Authors: Yan Li Cheng , Zhang Yan Shu , Yao Lin , Xu Hou Jun
Published: February 2011

The aim of the current study is to figure out the relationship between the oxidative damage in cardiovascular system and lead exposure. Oxidative damage was investigated in the heart and aorta of rats exposed to lead acetate for 6 weeks. Male wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups: low-dose (10 mg/kg), high-dose (40 mg/kg) lead acetate and control groups. The rats in low-, or high-dose groups were received 10 mg/kg and 40 mg/kg lead acetate by garages, and the rats in control group were administrated same amount distilled water only. We compared the three groups in terms of the level of T-SOD, NOS, and MDA in serum and heart, aorta and histological examination. We found the activity of T-SOD, NOS in rats treated with low and high doses of lead acetate were significantly lower than in the control group. The content of MDA in the low and high doses of lead acetate groups was significantly higher than in the control group. In addition, the microscopic morphology of heart and aorta in the low- and high-dose groups showed differences from the control. Oxidative damage may be involved in the process of heart and aorta dysfunction induced by lead exposure.
Use of the Impella 2.5 in High-Risk Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: McCulloch Brenda
Published: February 2011

The Impella 2.5 is a percutaneously placed partial circulatory assist device that is increasingly being used in high-risk coronary interventional procedures to provide hemodynamic support. The Impella 2.5 is able to unload the left ventricle rapidly and effectively and increase cardiac output more than an intra-aortic balloon catheter can. Potential complications include bleeding, limb ischemia, hemolysis, and infection. One community hospital’s approach to establishing a multidisciplinary program for use of the Impella 2.5 is described.
Impact of conservation tillage under organic mulches on the reproductive efficacy and yield of quality protein maize
Authors: Khan MAH , Parvej MR
Published: January 2011

The present study was carried out to evaluate the efficacy of conservation tillage under organic mulches on the reproductive developments and production potentials of Quality Protein Maize (QPM) cv. Pozarica during the period from November 2007 to April 2008. The study included tillage and zero tillage conditions and four indigenous mulches viz. water hyacinth, rice straw, rice husk and ash. All the mulches significantly modified microclimatic parameters in both tillage and zero tillage conditions. However, under non-tilth condition water hyacinth and rice straw mulches reduced the maximum soil temperature at 5 cm depth by 3.5-4.2°C and 2.4-2.7°C, respectively at 14:00 hrs and raised the minimum temperature by 1.5-2.3°C and 1.2-1.4°C at 06:00 hrs. The water retentive capacity of the mulched soil under zero tillage condition was higher at all the stages of plant growth and ranked in the order of water hyacinth>rice straw>rice husk>ash>control. The reproductive developments in mulched plants were advanced by about 1 to 10 days. Mulching practices also enhanced the number of ears plant-1, ear height, length and diameter, tassel length, number of seed rows ear-1 and seeds row-1, 1000-grains weight, weight of rachis ear-1, grain yield and higher harvest index (HI). The grain yield of mulched plants notably water hyacinth was nearly double (8.73 t ha-1) than unmulched plants (4.93 t ha-1) under non-tilth condition. The indigenous mulches especially water hyacinth and rice straw, irrespective of tilth or non-tilth conditions, appeared to be great suppressants of weed growth allowing to produce less than one third of the total biomass compared to that of control. The residual mulching effect had little or no influence on physical properties of the soil under both conditions. However, the chemical properties were favourably influenced for the follow-up crops.  Key words: Conservation tillage; organic mulches; soil moisture conservation; yield; QPM. DOI: 10.4038/jas.v5i2.2782The Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2010, vol. 5, no 2 pp.52-63
Effect of different levels of inorganic fertilizers and compost as basal application on the growth and yield of onion (Allium cepa L.)
Authors: Seran TH , Srikrishnah S , Ahamed MMZ
Published: January 2011

An experiment was carried out to find suitable ratio of inorganic fertilizer and compost, which could give an economic yield of onion (cv. Jaffna Local). This experiment was designed in a Randomized Complete Block Design with four replicates. Treatments were recommended dosage of inorganic fertilizers as a control (T1), ¾ fold of the control treatment + compost (2 t ha-1) (T2), ½ fold of the control treatment + compost (4 t ha-1) (T3), ¼ fold of the control treatment + compost (6 t ha-1) (T4) and the compost alone (8 t ha-1) (T5). These were applied as basal application of fertilizer in this experiment. The results of this study revealed that there were significant (P<0.05) differences in the numbers of leaves and roots between the different treatments during the early stage of growth. Relatively higher yield (5.03 t ha-1) was obtained from the plants treated with inorganic fertilizers alone (T1), whereas compost alone (T5) produced the lowest yield (3.43 t ha-1). It was also noted that there were no significant (P>0.05) differences in the yields between T1 and T2 as well as T1 and T3. The inorganic fertilizers appear to have compensated with slow release of nutrients from the compost and their combined effects would have increased the yield. From this study, it could be stated that half fold of the inorganic fertilizer and compost at the rate of 4 t ha-1 (T3) could give profitable yield (4.75 t ha-1) and this combination could possibly reduce the cost of production in the cultivation of onion.Key words: compost; inorganic fertilizer; onion; yield DOI: 10.4038/jas.v5i2.2783The Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2010, vol. 5, no 2 pp.64-70
Agro-morphological characterization and relationships amoung mustard germplasm (Brassica juncea [L.] Czern & Coss) in Sri Lanka: a classification tree approach
Authors: Weerakoon SR , Somaratne S
Published: January 2011

An RT model (RT1) was constructed using 35 agro-morphological characters for 45 mustard (Brassica juncea) accessions. Based on the 'variable importance' of the model RT1, another model (RT2) was developed. These models were developed using classification and regression tree algorithms. The classificatory performance of the RT1 model was compared with RT2 model. RT1 and RT2 models classified the mustard accessions with misclassification rates of 2.3% (98% accuracy) and 4.3% (96% accuracy), respectively. The variable importance of RT1 and RT2 explained that leaf length (LLCM), hypocotyl length (HLCM), hypocotyl-anthocynin coloration (ACH) and leaf width (LWCM) at seedling stage and main inflorescence length (LMICM), silique length (SLMM) and seed yield/plant (SYDIVPG) at maturity stage play an important role in classifying mustard accessions. Comparison of RT1 with RT2 revealed that accuracy of classification made by RT1 is higher in predicting class memberships among mustard accessions. A large degree of variability within and between Sri Lankan mustard accessions has been observed for agro-morphological characters with respect to LLCM, HLCM, ACH, LWCM, LMICM, SLMM and SYDIVPG. The genetic diversity of certain mustard accessions such as Accession Numbers 346, 8658 and 9726 is too high and RT models failed to classify them correctly with acceptable accuracy. Key words: Agro-morphological characters; Brassica juncea; Classification Tree Analysis; germplasm DOI: 10.4038/jas.v5i2.2788The Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2010, vol. 5, no 2 pp.89-97
Apolipoprotein E and Peptide Mimetics Modulate Inflammation by Binding the SET Protein and Activating Protein Phosphatase 2A
Authors: Christensen Dale J. , Ohkubo Nobutaka , Oddo Jessica , Van Kanegan Michael J. , Neil Jessica , Li Fengqiao , Colton Carol A. , Vitek Michael P.
Published: February 2011

The molecular mechanism by which apolipoprotein E (apoE) suppresses inflammatory cytokine and NO production is unknown. Using an affinity purification approach, we found that peptide mimetics of apoE, derived from its receptor binding domain residues 130–150, bound to the SET protein, which is a potent physiological inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A). Both holo-apoE protein and apoE-mimetic peptides bound to the C-terminal region of SET, which is then associated with an increase in PP2A-mediated phosphatase activity. As physiological substrates for PP2A, the LPS-induced phosphorylation status of signaling MAPK and Akt kinase is reduced following treatment with apoE-mimetic peptides. On the basis of our previous report, in which apoE-mimetic peptides reduced I-κB kinase and NF-κB activation, we also demonstrate a mechanism for reduced production of inducible NO synthase protein and its NO product. These data provide evidence for a novel molecular mechanism by which apoE and apoE-mimetic peptides antagonize SET, thereby enhancing endogenous PP2A phosphatase activity, which reduces levels of phosphorylated kinases, signaling, and inflammatory response.
NK Cells and Immune “Memory”
Authors: Sun Joseph C. , Lopez-Verges Sandra , Kim Charles C. , DeRisi Joseph L. , Lanier Lewis L.
Published: February 2011

Immunological memory is a hallmark of the adaptive immune system. However, the ability to remember and respond more robustly against a second encounter with the same pathogen has been described in organisms lacking T and B cells. Recently, NK cells have been shown to mediate Ag-specific recall responses in several different model systems. Although NK cells do not rearrange the genes encoding their activating receptors, NK cells experience a selective education process during development, undergo a clonal-like expansion during virus infection, generate long-lived progeny (i.e., memory cells), and mediate more efficacious secondary responses against previously encountered pathogens—all characteristics previously ascribed only to T and B cells in mammals. This review describes past findings leading up to these new discoveries, summarizes the evidence for and characteristics of NK cell memory, and discusses the attempts and future challenges to identify these long-lived memory NK cell populations in humans.
Rabbit Anti-Thymocyte Globulin: Evidence for Clinical Benefit in High Immunological Risk Kidney Transplantation
Authors: Mai Martin L. , Wadei Hani , Gonwa Thomas A.
Published: February 2011

Rabbit anti-thymocyte globulin is used worldwide to treat and prevent rejection in kidney transplantation. Multiple mechanisms of action of this polyclonal preparation are responsible for its success. Studies have supported clinical benefits of rabbit anti-thymocyte globulin in high immunological risk kidney transplant recipients when used as an induction agent at the time of transplant and for treatment of rejection when compared to other antibody therapy. The evidence of this clinical benefit will be reviewed in addition to examining the dosing and safety profile of rabbit anti-thymocyte globulin.
Evaluating the Impact of the Electronic Health Record on Patient Flow in a Pediatric Emergency Department
Authors: Chamberlain JM , Mathison DJ
Published: February 2011

Background: There is little data on the effect of the EHR on emergency department (ED) efficiency. Objective: 1) to quantify the effect of the EHR on patient flow in an academic pediatric ED. 2) to analyze the effects of patient census, boarding time, staffing hours, and acuity on the mean daily ED length-of-stay (LOS) and triage-to-provider time.

Methods: ED performance was compared before and after the implementation of an EHR in May 2008. Six month intervals were used with a 5 month period of adjustment between the pre- and post-EHR intervals. 34791 patient visits met inclusion criteria. Multiple linear regression was used to evaluate the LOS and triage-to-provider time as influenced by internal and external variables affecting the ED.

Results: Daily patient census increased by 5.8% (p<0.01) without a change in rate of ED admissions. Nursing and practitioner hours increased by 19.7% and 16.1%, respectively because of the increased census and a perceived slowing associated with the EHR. Following the implementation, LOS remained unchanged while triage-to-provider time increased by 5 minutes per patient (p<0.05). Factors that independently affected both LOS and triage-to-provider time included census, acuity, and practitioner hours (p<0.05). When controlling for these independent variables, the use of an EHR did not affect either outcome variable (p=0.251, 0.074 respectively). However, patient flow was worsened with the EHR during days of extremely high patient census.

Conclusion: An ED-EHR was associated with a modest increase in time to see a medical provider but was not associated with a change in overall LOS. When controlling for factors including patient volume, acuity, and staffing, the EHR did not independently affect ED patient flow. The EHR may have a more profound impact on ED performance during periods of extremely high census.
Sonography Markers of Chromosomal Abnormality in Second Trimester
Authors: Shah Jayprakash
Published: January 2011

Maternal age is increasing in today's world of professional carrier of women. As we know with aging of ova chromosomal abnormalities in fetus are rising. Karyotype is the final diagnostic tool for the confirmation, but it is associated with risk of abortion with the invasive procedure required for it. Sonography markers can be a good tool along with biochemical markers to reduce this risk with better pick rate of chromosomal abnormalities during prenatal period.
Maternal-Fetal Work-up and Management in Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR)
Authors: Rao JP , Puri Randhir
Published: January 2011

Intrauterine growth restriction remains befundling problem in obstetrics, dependent on multifactorial, diverse, intrinsic fetal conditions as well as many maternal and environmental factors. Ultrasonography with color doppler assesmenent remains the only tool for follow-up and diagnosis. Multidisciplinary apporach for assesment, mangement, prevention is imperative. Selective IUGR in monochorionic twins needs attention for optimum perinatal outcome. Future intensive research is desired to establish preventive, diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for IUGR, perhaps affecting the health of future generations.
Antenatal MRI in Clinical Practice: An Update
Authors: Ghonge Nitin P , Dube Sanchita
Published: January 2011

By definition, antenatal MRI is the MR imaging during state of gestation without causing any significant risk to ongoing pregnancy and the fetus. MRI is in a unique advantageous position during antenatal period where ultrasound often provides limited information and CT is usually avoided due to radiation-related risks. The indications of antenatal MRI can be sub-divided into fetal indications, maternal obstetric indications and maternal non-obstetric indications. Antenatal MRI offers better anticipation of prognosis and facilitates parental counseling by accurate characterization of disease process and detection of concomitant anomalies. Ultrasound will however, remain the primary fetal imaging modality and MRI is not likely to replace its role in fetal imaging because of the proven utility, widespread availability and relatively low cost of ultrasound. But under specific clinical conditions, where Ultrasound does not provide adequate information, MRI is bliss and is a useful adjunct to ultrasound.

The specific clinical indications where MRI proved to be more useful include fetal anomaly screening in high risk/precious pregnancy, oligohydramnios / maternal obesity, fetal CNS assessment, characterization of fetal mass, assessment of fetal spine, delineation of fetal alimentary tract and other abdominal viscera, conjoint twin assessment, prior to antenatal intra-uterine fetal surgery or ex-utero intrapartum procedure. MRI indications which are presently at relatively experimental stage include non-invasive MR spectroscopy to detect antenatal fetal hypoxia and lung maturity status. Apart from this, the role of Diffusion-weighted MRI in antenatal imaging of placenta and fetal kidneys/lungs is also likely to emerge in near future. In addition, antenatal MRI also evaluates the maternal pelvis and provides vital information about fetal-pelvic disproportion.

By virtue of recent advances in MR technology and the need to practice evidence-based medicine, antenatal MRI is now rapidly moving from the realms of select academic medical centers into community practice in India. The article provides a brief update on antenatal MRI in routine clinical practice.