bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Genome Sequence of Cluster W Mycobacteriophage Taptic
Authors: Mageeney Catherine M. , Seier Emily R. , Esposito Elise C. , Graham Lee H. , Heckman Emily L. , Hipwell Chelsea M. , Kelliher Allison B. , Lando Nicole A. , Morales Patricia Y. , Russell Daniel A. , Tsaousis Barbara E. , Kenna Margaret A. , Ware Vassie C.
Published: March 2017

The Taptic genome is the first to be annotated from the W cluster of mycobacteriophages infecting
Mycobacterium smegmatis
mc
2
155. All 92 predicted open reading frames (ORFs) and a single tRNA specifying glycine (tRNA-gly) are transcribed rightward. Many functionally uncharacterized ORFs appear to be W cluster specific, as nucleotide similarity is shared only with other W cluster genomes.
High-Quality Genome Sequence of an Escherichia coli O157 Strain Carrying an
mcr-1
Resistance Gene Isolated from a Patient in the United States
Authors: Lindsey Rebecca L. , Batra Dhwani , Rowe Lori , Loparev Vladimir N. , Stripling Devon , Garcia-Toledo Lisley , Knipe Kristen , Juieng Phalasy , Sheth Mili , Martin Haley , Laufer Halpin Alison
Published: March 2017

Enterobacteriaceae
carrying plasmid-mediated colistin resistance have been found around the world. We report here the high-quality whole-genome sequence of an
Escherichia coli
O157:H48 isolate (2016C-3936C1) from Connecticut that carried the
mcr-1
resistance gene on an IncX4-type plasmid.
Genomic Characterization of Three Melon Necrotic Spot Viruses Detected in Human Stool Specimens
Authors: Marine Rachel , Castro Christina , Magaña Laura , Ng Terry Fei Fan , Aswath Kshama , Collins Nikail , Park Geun Woo , Vinjé Jan , Oberste M. Steven
Published: March 2017

The complete coding sequences of three melon necrotic spot viruses (MNSVs) were obtained from viral metagenomics of stool samples from patients with acute gastroenteritis. These genomes were most similar to Spanish strains sequenced in 2003 and a novel MNSV watermelon strain in 2014.
Paradoxical Reactions and the Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome
Authors: Church L. W. Preston , Chopra Amit , Judson Marc A.
Published: March 2017

In HIV-infected individuals, paradoxical reactions after the initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) are associated with a variety of underlying infections and have been called the immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS). In cases of IRIS associated with tuberculosis (TB), two distinct patterns of disease are recognized: (i) the progression of subclinical TB to clinical disease after the initiation of ART, referred to as unmasking, and (ii) the progression or appearance of new clinical and/or radiographic disease in patients with previously recognized TB after the initiation of ART, the classic or “paradoxical” TB-IRIS. IRIS can potentially occur in all granulomatous diseases, not just infectious ones. All granulomatous diseases are thought to result from interplay of inflammatory cells and mediators. One of the inflammatory cells thought to be integral to the development of the granuloma is the CD4 T lymphocyte. Therefore, HIV-infected patients with noninfectious granulomatous diseases such as sarcoidosis may also develop IRIS reactions. Here, we describe IRIS in HIV-infected patients with TB and sarcoidosis and review the basic clinical and immunological aspects of these phenomena.
Goodpasture's disease with late presentation of renal abnormality and anti-GBM autoantibody
Authors: Boardman Emily Ann , Sohail Sameira , Yadavilli Rajesh
Published: March 2017

Goodpasture's disease without circulating autoantibodies is a rare presentation of a rare diagnosis. We present the case of a man aged 17 years who had 3 hospital admissions over a 2-month period with haemoptysis and shortness of breath. Throughout his first 2 admissions, his renal function was normal and anti-glomerular basement membrane (GBM) antibodies were negative. CT pulmonary angiogram during his second admission revealed florid and diffuse alveolar infiltrates. However, high-resolution CT chest performed 4 weeks later showed complete resolution of these changes. On his third admission, he developed acute kidney injury. A repeat CT chest revealed the reappearance of initial findings and anti-GBM antibodies were now positive. Goodpasture's disease was subsequently confirmed with renal biopsy. Our case, with delayed onset of renal impairment, initial seronegativity for anti-GBM antibodies and relapsing and remitting CT findings, emphasises the need to consider this diagnosis in the setting of otherwise unexplained pulmonary haemorrhage.
Systematic review of systematic reviews of non-pharmacological interventions to treat behavioural disturbances in older patients with dementia. The SENATOR-OnTop series
Authors: Abraha Iosief , Rimland Joseph M , Trotta Fabiana Mirella , Dell'Aquila Giuseppina , Cruz-Jentoft Alfonso , Petrovic Mirko , Gudmundsson Adalsteinn , Soiza Roy , O'Mahony Denis , Guaita Antonio , Cherubini Antonio
Published: March 2017

Objective

To provide an overview of non-pharmacological interventions for behavioural and psychological symptoms in dementia (BPSD).

Design

Systematic overview of reviews.

Data sources

PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, CINAHL and PsycINFO (2009–March 2015).

Eligibility criteria

Systematic reviews (SRs) that included at least one comparative study evaluating any non-pharmacological intervention, to treat BPSD.

Data extraction

Eligible studies were selected and data extracted independently by 2 reviewers.

The AMSTAR checklist was used to assess the quality of the SRs.

Data analysis

Extracted data were synthesised using a narrative approach.

Results

38 SRs and 142 primary studies were identified, comprising the following categories of non-pharmacological interventions: (1) sensory stimulation interventions (12 SRs, 27 primary studies) that encompassed: acupressure, aromatherapy, massage/touch therapy, light therapy and sensory garden; (2) cognitive/emotion-oriented interventions (33 SRs; 70 primary studies) that included cognitive stimulation, music/dance therapy, dance therapy, snoezelen, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, reminiscence therapy, validation therapy, simulated presence therapy; (3) behaviour management techniques (6 SRs; 32 primary studies) and (4) other therapies (5 SRs, 12 primary studies) comprising exercise therapy, animal-assisted therapy, special care unit and dining room environment-based interventions. Music therapy was effective in reducing agitation (SMD, −0.49; 95% CI −0.82 to −0.17; p=0.003), and anxiety (SMD, −0.64; 95% CI −1.05 to −0.24; p=0.002). Home-based behavioural management techniques, caregiver-based interventions or staff training in communication skills, person-centred care or dementia care mapping with supervision during implementation were found to be effective for symptomatic and severe agitation.

Conclusions

A large number of non-pharmacological interventions for BPSD were identified. The majority of the studies had great variation in how the same type of intervention was defined and applied, the follow-up duration, the type of outcome measured, usually with modest sample size. Overall, music therapy and behavioural management techniques were effective for reducing BPSD.
Innovative approach for self-management and social welfare of children with cystic fibrosis in Europe: development, validation and implementation of an mHealth tool (MyCyFAPP)
Authors: Calvo-Lerma Joaquim , Martinez-Jimenez Celia P , Lázaro-Ramos Juan-Pablo , Andrés Ana , Crespo-Escobar Paula , Stav Erlend , Schauber Cornelia , Pannese Lucia , Hulst Jessie M , Suárez Lucrecia , Colombo Carla , Barreto Celeste , de Boeck Kris , Ribes-Koninckx Carmen
Published: March 2017

Introduction

For the optimal management of children with cystic fibrosis, there are currently no efficient tools for the precise adjustment of pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy, either for advice on appropriate dietary intake or for achieving an optimal nutrition status. Therefore, we aim to develop a mobile application that ensures a successful nutritional therapy in children with cystic fibrosis.

Methods and analysis

A multidisciplinary team of 12 partners coordinate their efforts in 9 work packages that cover the entire so-called ‘from laboratory to market’ approach by means of an original and innovative co-design process. A cohort of 200 patients with cystic fibrosis aged 1–17 years are enrolled. We will develop an innovative, clinically tested mobile health application for patients and health professionals involved in cystic fibrosis management. The mobile application integrates the research knowledge and innovative tools for maximising self-management with the aim of leading to a better nutritional status, quality of life and disease prognosis. Bringing together different and complementary areas of knowledge is fundamental for tackling complex challenges in disease treatment, such as optimal nutrition and pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy in cystic fibrosis. Patients are expected to benefit the most from the outcomes of this innovative project.

Ethics and dissemination

The project is approved by the Ethics Committee of the coordinating organisation, Hospital Universitari La Fe (Ref: 2014/0484). Scientific findings will be disseminated via journals and conferences addressed to clinicians, food scientists, information and communications technology experts and patients. The specific dissemination working group within the project will address the wide audience communication through the website (http://www.mycyfapp.eu), the social networks and the newsletter.
Effects of mechanism of injury and patient age on outcomes in geriatric rib fracture patients
Authors: Shi Helen H , Esquivel Micaela , Staudenmayer Kristan L , Spain David A
Published: March 2017

Background

Patients older than 65 years have 2–5 times higher mortality if they sustain ≥2 rib fractures compared to younger adults. As a result, our level I trauma center guidelines suggest that older adults with rib fractures be admitted to the intensive care unit for the first 24 hours. In this study, we evaluated the outcomes associated with these guidelines.

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed all patients aged ≥65 years in our Trauma Registry who sustained rib fractures from January 2008 to March 2015. Data included demographics, comorbidities, injuries, length of intensive care and hospital stay (LOS), ventilator days, analgesic used, morbidity, mortality, and disposition.

Results

97 patients aged ≥65 years with at least one rib fracture and an Abbreviated Injury Score of ≤2 for other regions were admitted. Falls caused 58% of the injuries, while motor vehicle collisions (MVC) accounted for 33%. Overall mortality was 4%. Patients who fell had a median hospital LOS that was 0.5 to 1 day longer than in those who suffered other mechanisms of injury or were involved in an MVC respectively. Patients aged ≥70 years had a median LOS of 4 days, twice that of those aged 65 to 69 years. Of the 87 patients with more than one rib fracture, 59 (68%) were not admitted directly to the intensive care unit (ICU) from the emergency department as recommended by our guidelines. 6 of these 59 patients (9%) were later transferred to the ICU and 2 of these patients expired.

Conclusions

Although overall compliance with the geriatric rib fracture guideline was low, both mortality and hospital LOS were low in this group. This suggests that the guideline could be modified to reduce ICU resource usage without compromising patient outcomes.

Level of evidence

Level III, retrospective cohort study.
Dicrocoeliosis in sheep in England and Wales: under diagnosed and misdiagnosed?
Authors: Papoula‐Pereira Rita , Hancock Bob , Mitchell Sian , Semple Harriet , McGarry J W
Published: March 2017

We report four cases of dicrocoeliosis in sheep of untraced origin at an abattoir in Wales in 2015. Liver presentation ranged from severe, with extensive disseminated fibrosis and small bile duct hyperplasia and ectasia, to mild, characterised by occasional small white lesions on the subcapsular surface. Incising the liver revealed black fluid containing Dicrocoelium dendriticum. In another case, from North West England, adult parasites were found in the gall bladder—there were no liver lesions—and eggs were present in faeces. The cases demonstrate that this condition may appear in sheep in UK outside the known endemic areas of western Scotland. Surveillance is therefore necessary but only achievable through accurate diagnosis. Investigators must be aware that lesions can appear similar in some cases to those caused by other parasites, especially Fasciola hepatica and Cysticercus tenuicollis, and that coprological methods to detect sheep nematode eggs are insensitive for this parasite.
Optimal Design on Customized Bundling Strategy of Information Goods for Customers with Two-Dimensional Heterogeneity
Authors: Luo Xiaoxiao , Li Minqiang , Feng Nan , Chen Fuzan
Published: March 2017

Customized bundling is a pricing strategy that allows consumers to choose a certain quantity of products at a fixed price. In the reality, a customer usually has a specific rank on information goods based on their valuations, or information goods can be ranked into a list of products with decreasing valuations for a customer. Thus, we characterize customers in two dimensions for constructing the customized bundles of ranked information goods: (i) the valuation that a customer sets for his/her most favorite information good; and (ii) the total quantity of information goods with positive valuations that a customer requires. We derive the optimal customized bundling strategies in two typical scenarios and examine the impact of customer heterogeneity in terms of each dimension on the optimal pricing schemes of customized bundles. Analytical results indicate that the two features have similar effects on optimal bundle price, market penetration, and maximal profit, but impact differently on optimal bundle size. Larger customer heterogeneity leads to a lower or identical optimal bundle price, market penetration, and maximal profit. However, optimal bundle size shrinks or remains unchanged with increased customer heterogeneity on the total quantities of information goods with positive valuations, but it grows or stays the same when customers have larger heterogeneity on the valuations of their most favorite information goods. Our results provide explanations to the marketing practices of digital product firms, and also support the optimal decision of customized bundling of information goods for heterogeneous customers.
Possible explanations for fine-tuning of the universe
Authors: Kawana Kiyoharu
Published: March 2017

The Froggatt–Nielsen mechanism and the multilocal field theory are interesting and promising candidates for solving the naturalness problem in the universe. These theories are based on the different physical principles: The former assumes the microcanonical partition function [Formula: see text], and the latter assumes the partition function [Formula: see text] where [Formula: see text] is the multilocal action [Formula: see text] Our main purpose is to show that they are equivalent in the sense that they predict the same fine-tuning mechanism. In order to clarify our argument, we first study (review) the similarity between the Froggatt–Nielsen mechanism and statistical mechanics in detail, and show that the dynamical fine-tuning in the former picture can be understood completely in the same way as the determination of the temperature in the latter picture. Afterward, we discuss the multilocal theory and the equivalence between it and the Froggatt–Nielsen mechanism. Because the multilocal field theory can be obtained from physics at the Planck/String scale, this equivalence indicates that the microcanonical picture can also originate in such physics. As a concrete example, we also review the IIB matrix model as an origin of the multilocal theory.
OPTIMAL STOCHASTIC CONTROL PROBLEM UNDER MODEL UNCERTAINTY WITH NONENTROPY PENALTY
Authors: FAIDI WAHID , MATOUSSI ANIS , MNIF MOHAMED
Published: March 2017

In this paper, a stochastic control problem under model uncertainty with general penalty term is studied. Two types of penalties are considered. The first one is of type [Formula: see text]-divergence penalty treated in the general framework of a continuous filtration. The second one called consistent time penalty is studied in the context of a Brownian filtration. In the case of consistent time penalty, we characterize the value process of our stochastic control problem as the unique solution of a class of quadratic backward stochastic differential equation with unbounded terminal condition.
RESOLVING THE COMMITMENT-FLEXIBILITY DILEMMA IN NEW TECHNOLOGY VENTURES
Authors: MAHMOUD-JOUINI SIHEM BEN , SILBERZAHN PHILIPPE , PARIS THOMAS
Published: March 2017

In their attempt to define radically new product–market pairs, according to the literature, new technology ventures (NTV) are confronted with an apparent dilemma. On the one hand, they should delay key commitments to remain flexible in the face of high uncertainty. On the other hand, commitments are necessary to enable learning and progress. Based on the longitudinal study of four NTVs, we find that the entrepreneurs resolve this dilemma by (i) defining their product and market progressively through iteration and learning, and by (ii) basing this progressive definition on stakeholders’ commitments. We analyse this approach and label it “commit and learn”. Following an inductive methodology, we suggest a conceptual framework to enhance the understanding of commitment as a multi-dimensional concept for new ventures.
Warped cones over profinite completions
Authors: Sawicki Damian
Published: March 2017

We construct metric spaces that do not have property A yet are coarsely embeddable into the Hilbert space. Our examples are so-called warped cones, which were introduced by J. Roe to serve as examples of spaces non-embeddable into a Hilbert space and with or without property A. The construction provides the first examples of warped cones combining coarse embeddability and lack of property A.

We also construct warped cones over manifolds with isometrically embedded expanders and generalise Roe’s criteria for the lack of property A or coarse embeddability of a warped cone. Along the way, it is proven that property A of the warped cone over a profinite completion is equivalent to amenability of the group.

In the Appendix we solve a problem of Nowak regarding his examples of spaces with similar properties.
On the associativity of gluing
Authors: Qin Lizhen
Published: March 2017

This paper studies the associativity of gluing of trajectories in Morse theory. We show that the associativity of gluing follows from the existence of compatible manifold with face structures on the compactified moduli spaces. Using our previous work, we obtain the associativity of gluing in certain cases.

In particular, associativity holds when the ambient manifold is compact and the vector field is Morse–Smale.
Pricing for options in a mixed fractional Hull–White interest rate model
Authors: Pan Jian , Zhou Xiangying
Published: March 2017

In this paper, we present a pricing model for European options in a mixed fractional Hull–White interest rate model. By using the variable transform techniques and mathematical physics methods, we derive closed-form pricing formulas for this pricing problem, which are the main contribution of this paper and expand the relevant literature’s conclusions. Moreover, we provide numerical examples to illustrate the effects of main parameters of the mixed fractional interest rate model on the option price. Numerical results show that the long memory property of interest rates plays an important role in determining the option price and cannot be neglected in option pricing.
A Classifier of Shoulder Movements for a Wearable EMG-Based Device
Authors: Gini Giuseppina , Mazzon Lisa , Pontiggia Simone , Belluco Paolo
Published: March 2017

Prostheses and exoskeletons need a control system able to rapidly understand user intentions; a noninvasive method is to deploy a myoelectric system, and a pattern recognition method to classify the intended movement to input to the controller. Here we focus on the classification phase. Our first aim is to recognize nine movements of the shoulder, a body part seldom considered in the literature and difficult to treat since the muscles involved are deep. We show that our novel sEMG two-phase classifier, working on a signal window of 500[Formula: see text]ms with 62[Formula: see text]ms increment, has a 97.7% accuracy for nine movements and about 100% accuracy on five movements. After developing the classifier using professionally collected sEMG data from eight channels, our second aim is to implement the classifier on a wearable device, composed by the Intel Edison board and a three-channel experimental portable acquisition board. Our final aim is to develop a complete classifier for dynamic situations, considering the transitions between movements and the real-time constraints. The performance of the classifier, using three channels, is about 96.9%, the classification frequency is 62[Formula: see text]Hz, and the computation time is 16[Formula: see text]ms, far less than the real-time constraint of 300[Formula: see text]ms.
Integrative Upper-Limb Rehabilitation withBrightArm DuoTM in the Early Sub-Acute Phase of Recovery Post-Stroke
Authors: House Gregory , Burdea Grigore , Grampurohit Namrata , Polistico Kevin , Roll Doru , Damiani Frank
Published: March 2017

The Bright Arm Duo is a low-friction robotic rehabilitation table that adaptably trains dual arm movement and grasp through interaction with serious games. In early sub-acute phase post-stroke, [Formula: see text] experimental group received conventional rehabilitation plus 12 BrightArm Duo sessions, each inducing up to 600 arm and hand repetitions. [Formula: see text] control group received conventional rehabilitation only. Improvement for the experimental group was better than controls across 11 of 12 functional metrics and activities of daily living ([Formula: see text]).
Investigation of the Effect of Weighting between sEMG and Interaction Force in Intention Extraction for the Control of an Upper-Limb Assistive Device
Authors: Kim Sangjoon J. , Lee Hyosang , Kim Jung
Published: March 2017

We investigated the effect of the weighting between surface electromyography (sEMG) and interaction force for user intention extraction for the control of an upper-limb assistive device. A point-to-point vertical arm lifting task was performed by two age-segregated cohorts including 10 young subjects and 10 elderly subjects. The performance in terms of muscular effort and repeatability was analyzed. The elderly and young group showed age-dependent differences in terms of muscular effort with distinct sEMG weights.
Loss of VEGFB and its signaling in the diabetic heart is associated with increased cell death signaling
Authors: Lal Nathaniel , Chiu Amy Pei-Ling , Wang Fulong , Zhang Dahai , Jia Jocelyn , Wan Andrea , Vlodavsky Israel , Hussein Bahira , Rodrigues Brian
Published: March 2017

Vascular endothelial growth factor B (VEGFB) is highly expressed in metabolically active tissues, such as the heart and skeletal muscle, suggesting a function in maintaining oxidative metabolic and contractile function in these tissues. Multiple models of heart failure have indicated a significant drop in VEGFB. However, whether there is a role for decreased VEGFB in diabetic cardiomyopathy is currently unknown. Of the VEGFB located in cardiomyocytes, there is a substantial and readily releasable pool localized on the cell surface. The immediate response to high glucose and the secretion of endothelial heparanase is the release of this surface-bound VEGFB, which triggers signaling pathways and gene expression to influence endothelial cell (autocrine action) and cardiomyocyte (paracrine effects) survival. Under conditions of hyperglycemia, when VEGFB production is impaired, a robust increase in vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR)-1 expression ensues as a possible mechanism to enhance or maintain VEGFB signaling. However, even with an increase in VEGFR1 after diabetes, cardiomyocytes are unable to respond to VEGFB. In addition to the loss of VEGFB production and signaling, evaluation of latent heparanase, the protein responsible for VEGFB release, also showed a significant decline in expression in whole hearts from animals with chronic or acute diabetes. Defects in these numerous VEGFB pathways were associated with an increased cell death signature in our models of diabetes. Through this bidirectional interaction between endothelial cells (which secrete heparanase) and cardiomyocytes (which release VEGFB), this growth factor could provide the diabetic heart protection against cell death and may be a critical tool to delay or prevent cardiomyopathy.

NEW & NOTEWORTHY We discovered a bidirectional interaction between endothelial cells (which secrete heparanase) and cardiomyocytes [which release vascular endothelial growth factor B (VEGFB)]. VEGFB promoted cell survival through ERK and cell death gene expression. Loss of VEGFB and its downstream signaling is an early event following hyperglycemia, is sustained with disease progression, and could explain diabetic cardiomyopathy.
Brown and beige adipose tissues: phenotype and metabolic potential in mice and men
Authors: Chechi Kanta , van Marken Lichtenbelt Wouter , Richard Denis
Published: March 2017

With the recent rediscovery of brown fat in adult humans, our outlook on adipose tissue biology has undergone a paradigm shift. While we attempt to identify, recruit, and activate classic brown fat stores in humans, identification of beige fat has also raised the possibility of browning our white fat stores. Whether such transformation of human white fat depots can be achieved to enhance the whole body oxidative potential remains to be seen. Evidence to date, however, largely points toward a major oxidative role only for classic brown fat depots, at least in rodents. White fat stores seem to provide the main fuel for sustaining thermogenesis via lipolysis. Interestingly, molecular markers consistent with both classic brown and beige fat identity can be observed in human supraclavicular depot, thereby complicating the discussion on beige fat in humans. Here, we review the recent advances made in our understanding of brown and beige fat in humans and mice. We further provide an overview of their plausible physiological relevance to whole body energy metabolism.
FADD, Caspase-3, and Caspase-8 and Incidence of Coronary Events
Authors: Xue Ling , Borné Yan , Mattisson Ingrid Yao , Wigren Maria , Melander Olle , Ohro-Melander Marju , Bengtsson Eva , Fredrikson Gunilla Nordin , Nilsson Jan , Engström Gunnar
Published: March 2017

Objective—

To investigate the relationship between 3 markers of apoptosis, that is, FADD (Fas-associated death domain–containing protein), caspase-3, and caspase-8, and incidence of coronary events (CEs) in a population-based cohort study.

Approach and Results—

In vitro experiments were performed to assess the response of the apoptotic biomarkers after Fas stimulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The experiments showed significantly increased releases of FADD, caspase-3, and caspase-8 after Fas stimulation. The relationship between FADD, caspase-3, and caspase-8, respectively, and incidence of CEs was studied in 4284 subjects from the population-based Malmö Diet and Cancer Study. Cox’ proportional hazards regression was used to examine the association between the apoptotic biomarkers and incidence of CE over a mean follow-up of 19 years. A total of 381 individuals had CE during the follow-up. High FADD at baseline was significantly associated with incident CE. In the highest compared with the lowest quartile of FADD, the risk factor adjusted hazards ratio for CE was 1.82 (95% confidence interval, 1.35–2.46;
P
for trend <0.001). A significant association was also found between caspase-8 and CE; the hazards ratio (Q4 versus Q1) was 1.90 (95% confidence interval, 1.39–2.60;
P
for trend <0.001) after adjustment for risk factors. No association was found between caspase-3 and CEs.

Conclusions—

High levels of FADD and caspase-8, but not caspase-3, were associated with increased incidence of CE in subjects from the general population. The in vitro experiments support the view that these biomarkers could reflect activation of the extrinsic apoptotic pathway.
Transcaucasian Iron Age Metal Horse Bits
Authors: Castelluccia Manuel
Published: March 2017

The goal of the present study is to present a general catalogue followed by a discussion of metal horse bits found in Transcaucasia, mostly from the Iron Age. Starting from the earliest evidence dating to the last stage of the Late Bronze Age, all types of metal bits attributable to indigenous cultures are considered. Urartian and Scythian metal bits are not included, since they have already been widely studied, thus keeping the range of this analysis from the Late Bronze Age to the Achaemenid period.
A Note on Šaboš Custom in Hatay (Antioch)
Authors: Şan Funda
Published: March 2017

The paper describes a common custom, named šaboš, practised almost in every district and village in Hatay (Antioch) and aimed primarily at collecting gold or money for the newlyweds. Though the effect of šaboš has considerably decreased with time, it still continues to be widely practised in the area.
Corrections to herbarium citation of the type specimens of two Chinese flowering plants recently published in Phytotaxa
Authors: HE LUO-SHU , HE HAI
Published: March 2017

The herbarium citation of the type specimens of both Clematis wuxiensis Q.Q.Jiang & H.P.Deng (Ranunculaceae) and Impatiens shennongensis Q.Wang & H.P.Deng (Balsaminaceae) recently published in Phytotaxa is corrected from SWU to SWCTU.
Indolestes lafaeci sp. nov. (Odonata: Lestidae) from Timor, with comparisons to related species
Authors: SEEHAUSEN MALTE
Published: March 2017

Indolestes lafaeci sp. nov. is described and illustrated (holotype male: vi.1929, Soe, South Central Timor Regency, West Timor, Indonesia, ex.-Coll. Le Moult; deposited at the Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, Brussels, Belgium). Indolestes insularis comb. nov. is proposed. For comparison, illustrations of the head, synthorax, male anal appendages and genital ligula as well as of the ovipositor of I. bellax, I. gracilis and I. insularis are given.
On the taxonomy and morphology of Leuthneria ruficincta (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae)
Authors: GORBUNOV OLEG G.
Published: March 2017

In this paper I place the type species Eublepharis ruficincta Felder et Felder, 1874 presently assigned to the genus Leuthneria Dalla Torre, 1925 to the genus Melittia Hübner, 1819 [“1816”]. The adults and the male genitalia Melittia ruficincta (Felder et Felder, 1874) comb. rev. are described and illustrated. The taxonomy of the genera Eublepharis Felder et Felder, 1874 and Leuthneria Dalla Torre, 1925 is discussed. Both genera are synonymized under the genus Melittia Hübner, 1819 [“1816”]. New distribution records from Ethiopia and Kenya for Melittia ruficincta are presented.
Chromosomal evidence for a new cryptic species of black fly in the Simulium praelargum complex (Diptera: Simuliidae) from West Bengal, India
Authors: THAPA SACHIN , ADLER PETER H. , CHHETRI SHAILIKA , VARMA RAKESH , HENRY WILLIE
Published: March 2017

Analyses of polytene chromosomes revealed a new cryptic species of black fly, Simulium praelargum “IL”, in the Simulium (Nevermania) feuerborni group from Darjeeling, West Bengal, India. This new species occurred sympatrically with two other previously recognized species in the S. praelargum complex: Simulium praelargum Datta sensu stricto and Simulium praelargum “IIIL-1.2”. Chromosome arms IS, IIS, IIL, and IIIS of the new species showed no differences in banding patterns, compared with the sequences in Simulium praelargum s. s. and Simulium praelargum “IIIL-1.2”. Chromosome arm IIIL of the new species was identical to that of S. praelargum s. s., but differed from that of S. praelargum “IIIL-1.2” by two fixed inversions. Chromosome arm IL of the new species differed from that of both species by four fixed inversions: IL-1, IL-2, IL-3, and IL-4. The new species and S. praelargum s. s. lacked a chromocenter, which was present in S. praelargum “IIIL-1.2”. Sex chromosomes of the new species were cytologically undifferentiated (X0X0, X0Y0) and all specimens were monomorphic for autosomal inversion polymorphisms. Speciation in the S. feuerborni group, unlike in many other simuliid taxa, did not involve cytological differentiation of sex chromosomes.
New genus and two new species of American Desmiphorini (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae)
Authors: GALILEO MARIA HELENA M. , SANTOS-SILVA ANTONIO
Published: March 2017

Rosalbopsis wappesi, a new species belonging to a new genus of Desmiphorini, is described from Panama. Eupogonius obrienorum sp. nov. is described from Mexico.
Cognitive and Interpersonal Features of Intellectual Humility
Authors: Leary Mark R. , Diebels Kate J. , Davisson Erin K. , Jongman-Sereno Katrina P. , Isherwood Jennifer C. , Raimi Kaitlin T. , Deffler Samantha A. , Hoyle Rick H.
Published: March 2017

Four studies examined intellectual humility—the degree to which people recognize that their beliefs might be wrong. Using a new Intellectual Humility (IH) Scale, Study 1 showed that intellectual humility was associated with variables related to openness, curiosity, tolerance of ambiguity, and low dogmatism. Study 2 revealed that participants high in intellectual humility were less certain that their beliefs about religion were correct and judged people less on the basis of their religious opinions. In Study 3, participants high in intellectual humility were less inclined to think that politicians who changed their attitudes were “flip-flopping,” and Study 4 showed that people high in intellectual humility were more attuned to the strength of persuasive arguments than those who were low. In addition to extending our understanding of intellectual humility, this research demonstrates that the IH Scale is a valid measure of the degree to which people recognize that their beliefs are fallible.
Participant-perceived outcomes of merging yoga and occupational therapy: Self-management intervention for people post stroke
Authors: Atler Karen E , Van Puymbroeck Marieke , Portz Jennifer D , Schmid Arlene A
Published: March 2017

Introduction

There is a need for development and validation of post-stroke fall-prevention programs. This qualitative study provides an inside look into participant-perceived outcomes of a new and innovative self-management intervention: Merging Yoga and Occupational Therapy.

Method

A qualitative approach was employed. Thirteen participants, who were more than 6 months post stroke and self-reported falling or a fear of falling, engaged in focus groups and individual interviews following participation in the intervention twice weekly for 8 weeks. Data from focus groups and individual interviews were analyzed using an iterative, inductive approach.

Findings

Five outcomes emerged from the line-by-line analysis: (1) improved abilities and capacities, (2) gained new knowledge, (3) enhanced engagement in activities, (4) improved relaxation, and (5) increased confidence and inspiration.

Conclusion

Participants experienced positive outcomes from engagement in a community-based multimodal fall-prevention self-management program for people post stroke.
“Facebook for Academics”: The Convergence of Self-Branding and Social Media Logic on Academia.edu
Authors: Duffy Brooke Erin , Pooley Jefferson D.
Published: March 2017

Given widespread labor market precarity, contemporary workers—especially those in the media and creative industries—are increasingly called upon to brand themselves. Academics, we contend, are experiencing a parallel pressure to engage in self-promotional practices, particularly as universities become progressively more market-driven. Academia.edu , a paper-sharing social network that has been informally dubbed “Facebook for academics,” has grown rapidly by adopting many of the conventions of popular social media sites. This article argues that the astonishing uptake of Academia.edu both reflects and amplifies the self-branding imperatives that many academics experience. Drawing on Academia.edu ’s corporate history, design decisions, and marketing communications, we analyze two overlapping facets of Academia.edu : (1) the site’s business model and (2) its social affordances. We contend that the company, like mainstream social networks, harnesses the content and immaterial labor of users under the guise of “sharing.” In addition, the site’s fixation on analytics reinforces a culture of incessant self-monitoring—one already encouraged by university policies to measure quantifiable impact. We conclude by identifying the stakes for academic life, when entrepreneurial and self-promotional demands brush up against the university’s knowledge-making ideals.
Looking north or looking anywhere? Indo-Fijian international relations after the coups of May 2000 and December 2006
Authors: Weber Eberhard
Published: March 2017

Between 1987 and 2006 Fiji experienced four coups in which Governments were overthrown by their military forces or parts of it. After the fourth coup in December 2006 old metropolitan friends such as Australia, New Zealand, the USA and the EU responded with travel sanctions, cancellation of military cooperation and frozen development assistance. When Fiji was politically isolated it fostered secondary political friendships of olden days and established new ones. The paper searches for evidence of Fiji’s agency to change the structure of its International Relations (IR) after the coup of 2000. Such relations were first shaped in Prime Minister Qarase’s ‘Look North’ policy, but following the coup of December 2006 Fiji’s IR took a new quality once political isolation was overcome and internal power stabilized. The paper concentrates on Indo- Fijian relations, which, however, are embedded in Fiji’s general effort to achieve greater independence from old friends by forcing new international relationships. Of particular interest in this context is, if Fiji’s political orientation after 2006 has just been a temporary necessity born out of political isolation or if Fiji’s policy of fostering South–South relations will remain a decisive element of the country’s foreign policy in the long term. To understand IR in the context of Fiji and India it is essential to look at both countries, their interests and agency. Looking at Fiji alone would leave the question unanswered, why Indian Governments had an interest to cooperate with the country in the Pacific Islands despite hard-core nationalist anti-Indian sentiments and politics pursued in Fiji after the coup of 2000. It also won’t be conclusive why India should be interested at all to foster high profile relations with a tiny country like Fiji in a situation when Indian governments were aiming at much higher goals.
Wavelet transform with generalized beta wavelets for seismic time-frequency analysis
Authors: Wang Zhiguo , Zhang Bing , Gao Jinghuai , Wang Qingzhen , Huo Liu Qing
Published: March 2017

Using the continuous wavelet transform (CWT), the time-frequency analysis of reflection seismic data can provide significant information to delineate subsurface reservoirs. However, CWT is limited by the Heisenberg uncertainty principle, with a trade-off between time and frequency localizations. Meanwhile, the mother wavelet should be adapted to the real seismic waveform. Therefore, for a reflection seismic signal, we have developed a progressive wavelet family that is referred to as generalized beta wavelets (GBWs). By varying two parameters controlling the wavelet shapes, the time-frequency representation of GBWs can be given sufficient flexibility while remaining exactly analytic. To achieve an adaptive trade-off between time-frequency localizations, an optimization workflow is designed to estimate suitable parameters of GBWs in the time-frequency analysis of seismic data. For noise-free and noisy synthetic signals from a depositional cycle model, the results of spectral component using CWT with GBWs display its flexibility and robustness in the adaptive time-frequency representation. Finally, we have applied CWT with GBWs on 3D seismic data to show its potential to discriminate stacked fluvial channels in the vertical sections and to delineate more distinct fluvial channels in the horizontal slices. CWT with GBWs provides a potential technique to improve the resolution of exploration seismic interpretation.
Two effective methods for calculating water saturations in shale-gas reservoirs
Authors: Xu Jingling , Xu Lei , Qin Yuxing
Published: March 2017

Water saturation is one of the most important parameters in petroleum exploration and development. However, its calculation has been limited by the insufficient logging data required by a new technique that further influences the calculation of the free gas content. The accuracy of water saturation estimates is also a critical issue because it controls whether or not we can obtain an accurate gas saturation estimate. Organic matter plays an important role in shale-gas reservoirs, and the total organic carbon (TOC) indirectly controls the gas content and gas saturation. Hence, water saturation is influenced by inorganic and organic components. After analyzing the relationship among TOC, core water saturation, and conventional gas saturation, considering the influence of TOC on gas saturation in organic-rich shale reservoirs, we developed two new methods to improve the accuracy of water saturation estimates: the revised water saturation-TOC method and the water saturation separation method, in which Archie water saturation, modified total shale water saturation, and TOC are integrated. According to case studies of Longmaxi-Wufeng shale, southeastern Sichuan Basin, China, the water saturation results from these two methods in shale reservoirs with different lithologies are consistent with those from core analysis. We concluded that these two methods can be evaluated quickly and they effectively evaluate the water saturation of shale reservoirs.
Inversion of airborne geophysics over the DO-27/DO-18 kimberlites — Part 3: Induced polarization
Authors: Kang Seogi , Fournier Dominique , Oldenburg Douglas W.
Published: March 2017

The geologically distinct DO-27 and DO-18 kimberlites, often called the Tli Kwi Cho (TKC) kimberlites, have been used as a testbed for airborne geophysical methods applied to kimberlite exploration. This paper focuses on extracting chargeability information from time-domain electromagnetic (TEM) data. Three different TEM surveys, having similar coincident-loop geometry, have been carried out over TKC. Each records negative transients over the main kimberlite units and this is a signature of induced polarization (IP) effects. By applying a TEM-IP inversion workflow to a versatile time domain EM (VTEM) data set we decouple the EM and IP responses in the observations and then recover 3D pseudo-chargeability models at multiple times. A subsequent analysis is used to recover Cole-Cole parameters. Our models demonstrate that both DO-18 and DO-27 pipes are chargeable, but they have different Cole-Cole time constants: 110 and 1160 μs, respectively. At DO-27, we also distinguish between two adjacent kimberlite units based on their respective Cole-Cole time constants. Our chargeability models are combined with the density, magnetic susceptibility and conductivity models to build a 3D petrophysical model of TKC using only information obtained from airborne geophysics. Comparison of this final petrophysical model to a 3D geological model derived from the extensive drilling program demonstrates that we can characterize the three main kimberlite units at TKC: HK, VK, and PK in three dimensions by using airborne geophysics.
Inversion of airborne geophysics over the DO-27/DO-18 kimberlites — Part 1: Potential fields
Authors: Devriese Sarah G. R. , Davis Kristofer , Oldenburg Douglas W.
Published: March 2017

The Tli Kwi Cho (TKC) kimberlite complex contains two pipes, called DO-27 and DO-18, which were discovered during the Canadian diamond exploration rush in the 1990s. The complex has been used as a testbed for ground and airborne geophysics, and an abundance of data currently exist over the area. We have evaluated the historical and geologic background of the complex, the physical properties of interest for kimberlite exploration, and the geophysical surveys. We have carried out 3D inversion and joint interpretation of the potential field data. The magnetic data indicate high susceptibility at DO-18, and the magnetic inversion maps the horizontal extent of the pipe. DO-27 is more complicated. The northern part is highly magnetic and is contaminated with remanent magnetization; other parts of DO-27 have a low susceptibility. Low densities, obtained from the gravity and gravity gradiometry data, map the horizontal extents of DO-27 and DO-18. We combine the 3D density contrast and susceptibility models into a single geologic model that identifies three distinct kimberlite rock units that agree with drilling data. In further research, our density and magnetic susceptibility models are combined with information from electromagnetic data to provide a multigeophysical interpretation of the TKC kimberlite complex.
Fault detection using principal component analysis of seismic attributes in the Bakken Formation, Williston Basin, North Dakota, USA
Authors: Jahan Ismot , Castagna John , Murphy Michael , Kayali M. Amin
Published: March 2017

Seismic fault detection using principal component analysis (PCA) is an effective method for interpreting fault distribution and orientations in the Bakken Formation. The PCA fault attribute indicates significantly different, and geologically more plausible, 3D fault distributions than conventional seismic attributes, such as curvature. The PCA fault attribute has identified different fault patterns in the Upper, Middle, and Lower Bakken members and the Three Forks Formation. Two distinct fault trends in approximately 40°–50° northeast–southwest and 50°–60° northwest–southeast directions are observed in the Bakken Formation in the study area, and they are apparent on the strike and dip attributes derived from the PCA fault attribute. Fault cuts interpreted from missing well-log sections correlate well with the PCA fault attribute. Seismically derived fault orientations correlate with borehole image log data in the horizontal wells. Crossing conjugate faults observed on the fault dip attribute may result in the widening of the faulted area and localized thinning of the rock sequence where the faults intersect, and this could potentially enhance permeability along the fault strike.
Predicting suicidal behaviours using clinical instruments: Systematic review and meta-analysis of positive predictive values for risk scales
Authors: Carter Gregory , Milner Allison , McGill Katie , Pirkis Jane , Kapur Nav , Spittal Matthew J.
Published: March 2017

Background

Prediction of suicidal behaviour is an aspirational goal for clinicians and policy makers; with patients classified as ‘high risk’ to be preferentially allocated treatment. Clinical usefulness requires an adequate positive predictive value (PPV).

Aims

To identify studies of predictive instruments and to calculate PPV estimates for suicidal behaviours.

Method

A systematic review identified studies of predictive instruments. A series of meta-analyses produced pooled estimates of PPV for suicidal behaviours.

Results

For all scales combined, the pooled PPVs were: suicide 5.5% (95% CI 3.9–7.9%), self-harm 26.3% (95% CI 21.8–31.3%) and self-harm plus suicide 35.9% (95% CI 25.8–47.4%). Subanalyses on self-harm found pooled PPVs of 16.1% (95% CI 11.3–22.3%) for high-quality studies, 32.5% (95% CI 26.1–39.6%) for hospital-treated self-harm and 26.8% (95% CI 19.5–35.6%) for psychiatric in-patients.

Conclusions

No ‘high-risk’ classification was clinically useful. Prevalence imposes a ceiling on PPV. Treatment should reduce exposure to modifiable risk factors and offer effective interventions for selected subpopulations and unselected clinical populations.