bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Feasibility and acceptability of cognitive bias modification for interpretation as an adjunctive treatment for OCD and related disorders: A pilot randomized controlled trial
Authors: Falkenstein Martha J , Kelley Kara N. , Dattolico Devin , Kuckertz Jennie M , Bezahler Andreas , Krompinger Jason , Webb Christian A. , Beard Courtney
Published: February 2021

Background: Cognitive models implicate interpretation bias in the development and maintenance of obsessive compulsive and related disorders (OCRDs), and research supports Cognitive Bias Modification for Interpretation (CBM-I) in targeting this mechanism. However, prior studies in OCRDs have been limited to nonclinical populations, adolescents, and adults in a laboratory setting. This study evaluated the feasibility and acceptability of CBM-I as an adjunctive intervention during intensive/residential treatment (IRT) for adults with OCRDs.Method: We modified a lab-based CBM-I training for adults seeking IRT for OCRDs, and conducted a feasibility trial (N = 4) and subsequent pilot RCT; participants (N = 31) were randomized to receive CBM-I or psychoeducation.Results: Benchmarks were met for feasibility, acceptability, and target engagement. From pre- to post-intervention, the CBM-I group showed a large effect for change in interpretation bias (d = .90), whereas this effect was trivial (d = .06) for psychoeducation.Conclusions: This was the first study to evaluate CBM-I in naturalistic treatment for OCRDs. Findings support the feasibility and acceptability of CBM-I in this novel sample and setting. A larger scale RCT is needed to determine whether CBM-I can enhance OCRD treatment response.
The investment portfolio of the Swiss National Bank and its carbon footprint
Authors: Naef Alain
Published: February 2021

This paper details the nature of the equity holdings of the Swiss National Bank (SNB) and estimates its carbon footprint. By analysing SNB holdings in the 100 most polluting companies in the world, I find that the share of assets owned by the SNB is responsible for at least a quarter of Switzerland’s domestic CO2 emissions. This represents as much as the greenhouse gas emissions of all Swiss households combined or 0.05% of global greenhouse gas emissions. Using two different estimation methods, I find that the SNB’s portfolio generates between 12 and 20 million metric tons of CO2 per year. This could be reduced by 99.7% with an investment reallocation of just 2% of the equity portfolio of the SNB.
How Cultural Environments Shape Online Sentiment Toward Social Movements: Place Character and Support for Feminism
Authors: Scarborough William , Helmuth Allison Suppan
Published: February 2021

This study explores the relationship between offline and online contexts in social movement discourse. We test whether local place character—the cultural reputations, values, and ideals associated with a particular location—predict support for feminism expressed on Twitter. Applying topic modeling to a unique corpus describing cities’ cultural reputations, we identify five cultural attributes of U.S. cities that constitute their place character. Then, we use these measures to predict the percentage of tweets that are positive toward feminism in each location. The results indicate that while social media may connect people from geographically distant areas, online discourse is still heavily influenced by the local spaces where users reside. Cities with a place character of Revitalization have more positive Twitter sentiment toward feminism, while areas known as Local Hubs for shopping and leisure are more negative. These findings contribute to social movement scholarship by highlighting one way that offline and online contexts are connected. Far from transcending local geographies, social movement discourse taking place online remains shaped by the cultural environment where it originates.
Mass support for proposals to reshape policing depends on the implications for crime and safety
Authors: Vaughn Paige , Peyton Kyle , Huber Gregory A
Published: February 2021

This paper presents novel survey and experimental evidence that reveals the mass public's interpretation of movements to reform, defund, and abolish the police. We find strong support for police reform, but efforts to defund or abolish generate opposition both in terms of slogan and substance. While these differences cannot be explained by differing beliefs about each movement's association with violent protests, racial makeup, or specific programmatic changes, efforts to defund and abolish the police appear unpopular because they seek reduced involvement of police in traditional roles and cuts in police numbers. Our findings suggest that public support for changes to American policing is contingent on the perceived implications for crime and public safety. Proposals like defunding and abolition are therefore unlikely to succeed at the national level. Viable police reform may instead require proposals that target changing how police departments and their officers operate rather than lowering police budgets or decreasing police involvement in responding to crime and calls for service.
Pendampingan Kewirausahaan bagi Usaha Mikro, Kecil dan Menengah di Kecamatan Ciledug Kota Tangerang
Authors: Mudjijah Slamet , Anggraini Triana
Published: February 2021

Mitra dalam program pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah Pelaku Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM) terutama usaha pemula di Kecamatan Ciledug, Kota Tangerang. Permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh UMKM pemula apalagi yang baru beberapa bulan merintis usaha adalah sangat mudah goyah keberlanjutan usahanya, pengelolaan keuangan belum professional, pelaku UMKM belum sepenuhnya memahami pasar untuk produknya, kemasan masih dibuat secara sederhana. Permasalahan semakin mengkhawatirkan setelah adanya pandemi Covid 19.  Sebagian besar pelanggan yang sudah mulai rutin mengkonsumsi produk UMKM menjadi terhenti sehingga penjualan menurun drastis. Solusi atas permasalahan tersebut adalah dilakukan analisis ulang kelayakan usaha dengan mengenali customer base dan kebutuhannya, mempermudah proses bisnis, mengklasifikasi produk yang mudah dijual. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan ini adalah observasi secara langsung dengan Pengurus UMKM Kecamatan Ciledug. Kegiatan dilanjutkan dengan pertemuan dalam bentuk pendampingan. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada pelaku UMKM di Kecamatan Ciledug Kota Tangerang ini telah dilakukan dengan hasil sebagai berikut: peserta semakin mampu mengidentifikasi permasalahan bisnis terutama pada penetapan harga dan kualitas produk, peserta telah memiliki pengetahuan untuk menganalisis kelayakan bisnisnya terutama pada aspek pasar dan legalitas, motivasi peserta semakin meningkat dengan adanya jaringan dalam penjualan produk terutama penjualan langsung maupun reseller, pemanfaatan gerai Pojok UMKM Ciledug semakin optimal, koordinator UMKM semakin termotivasi untuk memajukan pelaku UMKM terutama dalam peningkatan kesadaran terhadap legalitas usaha.
Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Pemilihan Cat Menggunakan Simple Additive Weighting Dan Weighted Product
Authors: Prayoga Elko , Istiadi Istiadi , Priyandoko Gigih
Published: February 2021

Cat adalah suatu zat yang digunakan untuk melapisi suatu substrat atau suatu permukaan objek. Pelapisan dengan cat berfungsi untuk melindungi, memperindah hingga menambah nilai dari suatu barang. Banyaknya jenis cat yang beredar dipasaran membuat masyarakat kesulitan dalam menentukan cat yang akan digunakan. Kesalahan dalam pemilihan cat dapat menyebabkan ketahanan dari lapisan cat yang tidak dapat bertahan lama. Sehingga pengguna harus mengeluarkan biaya yang lebih besar lagi. Dari permasalahan tersebut diperlukan suatu alat bantu atau suatu aplikasi sistem pendukung keputusan yang dapat digunakan untuk membantu dalam pemilihan cat. Metode Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) dan metode Weighted Product (WP) adalah metode yang dapat digunakan dalam pemilihan cat. Dalam setiap metode diperlukan kriteria-kriteria sebagai dasar dalam pemilihan cat. Kriteria yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah ketahanan, harga, fitur dan daya sebar cat. Dari hasil pehitungan dengan metode Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) didapatkan akurasi sebesar 95.38% dan metode Weighted Product (WP) didapatkan akurasi sebesar 96.92%.
« Tout le monde voyage » : l’agence Hone & Rivet et les débuts de l’industrie touristique au Canada (1894–1939)
Authors: Dahan Michel
Published: February 2021

Cet article cherche à comprendre le fonctionnement de ce qui fut longtemps la plus importante agence de voyages fondée au Canada et la toute première agence canadienne-française. Réellement avant-gardiste, la compagnie lancée par Louis-Joseph Rivet s’imposa rapidement à l’échelle du pays pour devenir une référence dans l’industrie du voyage. Proposant des passages sur toutes les lignes maritimes et ferroviaires, elle permit à des générations de Canadiens de partir enfin à la découverte de l’Europe et du monde. En s’inspirant des pèlerinages religieux et des stratégies développées par son concurrent britannique Thomas Cook & Son, l’agence contribue à révolutionner la pratique du voyage de loisir en offrant à ses clients des forfaits abordables sur des excursions de groupe. Cette étude illustre comment Louis-Joseph Rivet et son associé Jules Hone surent tirer profit d’une position privilégiée dans la métropole du pays, de campagnes publicitaires ambitieuses, mais surtout d’un impressionnant réseau de contacts pour hisser leur agence au rang d’incontournable pour la planification de voyages.
Importance of determination of serum cholinesterase level in the diagnostics of intestinal motility disorders in children
Authors: Konoplitskyi V. S. , Pogoriliy V. V. , Fomin O. O. , Lukiyanets O. O. , Sasiuk A. I. , Dmytriiev D. V. , Dmytriiev K. D.
Published: February 2021

Annotation. Chronic colostases are characterized by the absence of independent bowel movements due to disturbance of intestinal contractility and evacuatory function of the large intestine which have a negative influence on the development of an organism. The purpose of the study is to evaluate a possibility of predictive diagnostics of motility disorders of the large intestine in children with chronic constipation due to organic causes. The study is based on the determination of serum cholinesterase level in 67 patients of both sexes (main group) which included 25 children suffering from pathology of aganglionic genesis and 42 patients with non-aganglionic congenital anomalies of the large intestine. The average age of the patients was 11.5±0.8 years. The control group included children without any pathologies of gastrointestinal tract and central nervous system. The quantitative determination of cholinesterase level was performed by the photometric method described by Molander and Friedman. The group of children suffering from large intestine anomalies of non-aganglionic origin showed an increase in serum cholinesterase level by 1.08 times. The group of children with anomalies of aganglionic origin showed an increase in cholinesterase level by 1.15 times. The increase in cholinesterase level in patients suffering from colostases of non-aganglionic origin can be regarded as a prognostic indicator having the signs of a factor of organic origin. The increase in cholinesterase level in patients suffering from disorders of aganglionic origin shows the presence of neurobiological changes which cannot be solved simply by surgical correction of a congenital anomaly of the intestine.
Modern biomarker cardiotrophin-1 in the diagnosis of myocardial diastolic function in men with essential hypertension
Authors: Matokhniuk M. O. , Zhebel V. M. , Kulchevich L. V. , Shevchuk O. K.
Published: February 2021

Annotation. The aim of the study was to improve the diagnosis of myocardial diastolic function in men with essential hypertension and chronic heart failure with different variants of the cardiotrophin-1 gene. 100 people aged 40–60 were examined: 50 men with asymptomatic essential hypertension and 50 men with essential hypertension complicated by chronic heart failure. Genotyping of the cardiotrophin-1 gene was performed by polymerase chain reaction. Determination of the concentration of cardiotrophin-1 was performed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Structural and functional parameters of the myocardium were evaluated using ultrasound of the heart. Mathematical processing of the material was performed on a personal computer using the standard statistical package SPSS 10. It was found that in persons with essential hypertension and chronic heart failure, carriers of the GA + AA variant of the cardiotrophin-1 gene (rs8046707) have significantly higher plasma peptide levels with diastolic dysfunction (p <0.05).
Cardiovascular morbidity of adult population in Kyiv region
Authors: Ivanyuk А. V. , Orlova N. M.
Published: February 2021

Annotation. The population of the Kyiv region are losing the largest number of life potential years in Ukraine due to cardiovascular diseases (CVD), which determines the special medico-social significance of CVD in this region. The aim of the work is to determine the modern features of the incidence and prevalence of CVD among the adult population of the Kyiv region. The analysis of the incidence and prevalence of CVD among the adult population of the Kyiv region was carried out in dynamics for 2010–2019 and compared with Ukraine on the basis of statistical data from the Center for Medical Statistics of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine and the Kyiv Regional Center of Medical Statistics using statistical methods of dynamic and territorial analysis. It has been determined that in the Kyiv region more than a million residents suffer from CVD. In 2019 the incidence rate of CVD was 446.2, and the prevalence of CVD was 7114.8 per 10 thousand of the adult population. The epidemic of CVD in the Kyiv region is much more spread than in Ukraine. Myocardial infarctions in the region are diagnosed 1.2 times, and strokes 1.5 times more often than in the country, and the prevalence of ischemic heart disease is 1.5 times higher than in Ukraine. The tendency to increasing the prevalence (by 8.5%) and incidence (by 5.7%) of CVD in the Kyiv region during 2010–2017 and the absence of the possibility of further objective monitoring of the CVD morbidity due to the cancellation of the state registration system of morbidity were determined. Unfavorable dynamic trends in CVD morbidity in Kyiv region and a significant excess of regional indicators of averages in Ukraine indicate the need to improve the system of prevention and medical care for patients with CVD in Kyiv region, on which our further research will be focused.
An Integral Approach to the Classification of Motorcycle Injuries
Authors: Plevinskis P. V.
Published: February 2021

Annotation. The article attempts to highlight the problems that forensic experts face during the examination of victims of a motor trauma, propose a modern classification of this type of traffic accident suitable for experts, list those issues that require expert resolution, and establish a standard algorithm (sequence) of conducting such an examination. The material of the study was archival copies of expert opinions and acts of comprehensive forensic medical and transport- trassological examinations in cases of motor injuries (33 complex examinations and acts in total), for 2008–2018. Expert studies were conducted on the basis of the Odessa Regional Bureau of Forensic Medicine expertise. The research method is the analysis of forensic and transport-trassological signs in their interconnection and interdependence, allowing to resolve the basic questions about the mechanism and circumstances of motor trauma. The study suggests that the following main types of motorcycle injuries are currently the most common (this includes injuries when operating a “classic” motorcycle and a moped): injury to driver and passenger due to contact of a motorcycle (moped) – with another vehicle, – with a stationary object, – due to the rollover of a motorcycle (moped) without contact with another vehicle, – as a result of a fall from a motorcycle (moped) until it capsizes without contacting another vehicle, – due to contact of the motorcycle (moped) with a pedestrian (pedestrians); injury to pedestrians due to contact with a moving motorcycle (moped); combined injuries of the driver and passenger of a motorcycle or moped (injury due to the rollover of a motorcycle or moped followed by contact with another vehicle; injury due to successive contact of a motorcycle or moped with a pedestrian and stationary object; injury due to rollover of a motorcycle (moped) and falling into a water body or fire, etc.); combined types of injury to a pedestrian (pedestrians) due to contact with a moving motorcycle or moped (injury due to contact with a moving motorcycle or moped, followed by falling and rolling wheels of another vehicle; injury due to contact with a moving motorcycle or moped, and then dropping another vehicle onto the body funds, etc.). Thus, establishing the exact circumstances of a motorcycle injury is impossible by examining only some object artificially isolated from the rest (for example, a corpse). Such an expert approach should be completely abandoned. The author’s proposed classification of motorcycle injuries, which is based on an integrated approach to the study of the mechanism of accidents, and which reflects its main types, can be used for expert purposes.
Tradução comentada de/para línguas de sinais: ilustração e modos de apresentação dos dados de pesquisa
Authors: Albres Neiva Aquino
Published: February 2021

O presente artigo propõe contribuir com a descrição e explicação sobre os modos de construir uma tradução comentada, método de pesquisa profícuo nos Estudos da Tradução e sua apresentação dos dados. Pautados em Bakhtin e o círculo (2010), a abordagem de pesquisa é qualitativa, utilizamos a pesquisa bibliográfica exploratória. Para tanto, selecionamos traduções comentadas de e para línguas de sinais, mais especificamente, de gênero poético e no formato artigo científico, para comparação, descrição e análise. Elencamos as formas de apresentação dos dados usadas pelos pesquisadores e propomos ao final um plano para a construção de traduções comentadas que envolvam obras em línguas de sinais considerando a materialização do texto de partida ou chegada em vídeo e das múltiplas semioses que envolvem a Libras e a escrita acadêmica atual.
Reconhecimento visual de palavras ortográficas e datilológicas por pessoas surdas
Authors: Araujo Neto Humberto Meira , Leite Camila Tavares
Published: February 2021

Este artigo tem o objetivo de compreender o efeito da natureza lexical no processo de reconhecimento de palavras visuais ortográficas e datilológicas por pessoas surdas com restrições no desempenho da oralidade, tomando como base o resultado obtido em testes de nomeação lexical aplicados com o público em questão. As variáveis definidas para investigação foram a modalidade (ortográfica e datilológica) e a natureza lexical (palavra, pseudopalavra e não palavra) dos estímulos. O resultado do desempenho em cada variável (natureza lexical e modalidade) tem o potencial de verificar o grau de atuação da fonologia do Português e do sistema da Libras. Uma comparação com modelos aninhados indicou que a natureza lexical (Chisq: 134.11 p< 0.0001) e a modalidade (Chisq: 77.19 p< 0.0001) têm efeito significativo na distribuição do conjunto de dados. O número de acertos totais foi maior no teste ortográfico (42,2%) do que no teste datilológico (17,6%), sugerindo um efeito da estaticidade ortográfica na memória na recuperação das partes (bottom-up) ou maior familiaridade com os traços das palavras ortográficas, mais frequentes que as datilológicas. No total de acertos por categoria (palavra – 60,2%; pseudopalavra – 22%; não palavra – 7,56%) houve convergência com os estudos que apontam maior facilidade no reconhecimento de itens em condições palavra, seguida das condições pseudopalavra e não palavra, apontando a categoria palavra como mais produtiva. O choque entre a modalidade datilológica e as categorias pseudopalavra e não palavra pode ter resultado num pior desempenho para esse tipo de modalidade.
É o tempo dos gestos nos sinais
Authors: Godoy Gustavo
Published: February 2021

Trato da referência temporal espaço-visual em diferentes línguas faladas-e-gesticuladas e sinalizadas, partindo da discussão apresentada em Por uma gramática de línguas de sinais (FERREIRA, 1995). Apresento cinco microestudos. Após introduzir as questões (§2) e meus dados (§3), traço um perfil etnográfico da língua de sinais ka’apor (LSK), majoritariamente usada por ouvintes com laços socioespaciais com surdos. §4 descreve a referência temporal na LSK e na língua ka’apor (da família tupi). Com dados primários, apresento os sinais temporais e suas relações com as contrapartidas lexicalizadas da língua falada e de seus gestos. Classifico três subsistemas: lexicalização da periodicidade diária pela imagem da dormida (§4.1); adverbiais que indicam transições de luminosidade celeste (§4.2) e apontamentos para a trajetória dos astros como lexicalização dos “horários” do dia (§4.3). Em §5, discuto a recorrência do sistema de temporalização por apontamentos explicado em §4.3. O subsistema por apontamento está presente em outras línguas faladas (§5.1), e é recorrente também em outras línguas de sinais de matrizes socioculturais diversas das institucionais e europeizadas (§5.2). Em §6, comparo os sinais da língua neobrasileira de sinais (Libras) com os gestos temporais do português neobrasileiro. Observo o compartilhamento, entre surdos e ouvintes neobrasileiros, de esquemas subjacentes ao domínio-alvo do tempo. À luz destes microestudos, reconsidero as conclusões de Ferreira (1995 [1983]) (§7). Enfatizo sua contribuição comparatista entre línguas de diferentes modalidades semióticas e de diferentes matrizes socioculturais (§8).
Spatial verbs are demonstration verbs
Authors: Oomen Marloes
Published: February 2021

The literature has been divided over the question of whether spatial verbs should be subsumed into a single verb class with agreement verbs. The main point of contention has been that, even if the nature of the elements that these verb types agree with differs, the morphosyntactic mechanism, i.e. a path movement, appears to be the same. Contributing to this debate, this corpus-based study scrutinizes the morphosyntactic properties of a set of spatial verbs in German Sign Language (DGS). It is shown that spatial verbs display striking variability in where they begin and end their movement in space. They may align with locations or person loci, but often they simply mark arbitrary locations, which may convey meaningful yet less specific information about the (direction of) movement of a referent relative to the signer. Furthermore, null subjects are found to occur remarkably often in constructions with spatial verbs, despite the absence of systematic subject marking on the verb itself. These results stand in contrast with those reported for regular agreement verbs in DGS (OOMEN, 2020), and thus provide support for a distinction between the two types. It is proposed that spatial verbs in DGS involve a demonstration component (cf. DAVIDSON, 2015) which ensures the recoverability of referents involved in the event denoted by the verb, thus loosening the restrictions on both agreement marking and subject drop that apply to regular agreement verbs. As such, spatial verbs are argued to be somewhere in between conventionalized lexical verbs and classifier predicates.---Original in English.
Interview with Diane Brentari
Authors: Costa Marília Uchôa Cavalcanti Lott de Moraes , Azevedo Loise Soares de , Silva Anderson Almeida da
Published: February 2021

Diane Brentari is co-director of the Center for Gesture, Sign and Language at the University of Chicago. She has published several books, such as Sign Language Phonology (Cambridge University Press, 2019) and Shaping Phonology (2018). Her research focuses on the role of modality in language, sign language phonology, how sign languages develop through historical time, and sign language typology.---------------------------------------------------------------------------------ENTREVISTA COM DIANE BRENTARIDiane Brentari é professora de linguística Mary K. Werkman e codiretora do Center for Gesture, Sign and Language da Universidade de Chicago. Publicou vários livros, como Sign Language Phonology (Cambridge University Press, 2019) e Shaping Phonology (2018). Sua pesquisa enfoca o papel da modalidade na linguagem, a fonologia da língua de sinais, como as línguas de sinais se desenvolvem ao longo do tempo histórico e a tipologia da língua de sinais.---Original em inglês.
PERAN LITERASI KESEHATAN MENTAL TERHADAP INTENSITAS PERILAKU PENCARIAN PERTOLONGAN DI KALANGAN ANAK JALANAN KOTA PALEMBANG
Authors: Nugroho Indra Prapto , Tarigan Angeline Hosana Zefany , Fikri Muhammad Zainal
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah ada peran literasi kesehatan mental terhadap intensitas perilaku pencarian pertolongan pada anak jalanan di kota Palembang. Hipotesis penelitian ini adalah ada peran literasi kesehatan mental terhadap intensitas perilaku pencarian pertolongan. Penelitian ini menggunakan partisipan sebanyak 150 anak jalanan berusia 6-17 tahun yang masih memiliki keluarga dan bekerja di jalanan kota Palembang serta menggunakan 50 anak jalanan sebagai partisipan uji coba. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah insidental sampling. Alat ukur yang digunakan adalah skala literasi kesehatan mental dan perilaku pencarian pertolongan yang mengacu pada alat ukur Mental Health Literacy Questionnare (MHLQ) oleh Campos, Dias, Palha, Duarte, dan Veiga (2016) serta proses perilaku pencarian pertolongan dari Liang, Goodman, Tummala-Narra, dan Weintraub (2005). Analaisis data yang digunakan adalah regresi linier sederhana. Hasil analisis regresi menunjukkan nilai R square = 0,307, F = 65,645, dan p = 0,000. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa literasi kesehatan mental memiliki peran signifikan terhadap perilaku pencarian pertolongan. Dengan demikian, hipotesis penelitian dapat diterima, dimana kontribusi literasi kesehatan mental terhadap perilaku pencarian pertolongan ialah sebesar 30,7%.___________________________________________________________________ This study aims to determine whether there is a role of mental health literacy toward help seeking behaviour intensity among street children in Palembang City. The hypotheses is there is a role of mental health literacy toward help seeking behaviour intensity. This study used 200 street children as participants with age between 6-17 years old who still has family and works on the Palembang city’s street and also used 50 street children as trial participants. The sampling technique was incidental sampling. The measurements used mental health literacy and help seeking behaviour scale. The data analysis used simple linier regression. The result of regression shows the value of R square = 0,307, F=65,645, and p=0,000. This means that mental health literacy has a significant role toward help seeking behaviour intensity. Thus, the study hypotheses is accepted, which the contribution of mental health literacy toward help seeking behaviour intensity  is 30,7%.
ESTUDIO DEL COMPORTAMIENTO DE DIFERENTES DENSIDADES DE SIEMBRA DE DEDINIOS PARA EL ENGORDE DE TRUCHA ARCO IRIS
Authors:   Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo. Riobamba, Ecuador, Muyulema Erazo Edwin Hitler , Moscoso Gómez Marcelo Eduardo , Chuva Buele Bertha Hiparía , Muyulema Erazo Richar Neboth
Published: February 2021

Se estudió el comportamiento de diferentes densidades de siembra de dedinios (40, 60, 80 y 100 peces/m2) para el engorde de trucha Arco Iris (Oncorhynchus mykiss); los peces empleados fueron 840 dedinios de 4 meses de edad y con un peso promedio de 24,20 gr; y una talla promedio de 2,92 cm de longitud total del cuerpo; los mismos que se distribuyeron en un diseño en bloques completamente al azar con tres repeticiones por tratamiento, teniendo un total de 12 unidades experimentales. Los pesos promedios al inicio de la investigación fueron de 24,20 gr y transcurridos 7 meses fueron de 253,75 gr. Mientras que el consumo total de alimento fue de 316,81 gr durante los 7 meses de evaluación. Al mismo tiempo los peces ganaron 229,55 gramos en total. Las truchas resultaron buenas convertidoras de alimento puesto que requirieron entre 1,11 y 1,71 kilos de balanceado para convertir un kilo de carne. En referencia a la talla no existieron diferencias estadísticas significativas en los tratamientos, iniciando con 12,92 cm y finalmente llegaron a una longitud total del cuerpo de 26,95 cm en la última evaluación (séptimo mes).
actores potenciales que influyen en el abandono escolar de los estudiantes de la Escuela telesecundaria 531 Frida Kahlo
Authors:   Escuela Telesecundaria 531, Frida Kahlo, Chiapas, México, Rodas Vera Gerbin Didier
Published: February 2021

La incorporación obligatoria, en México, a la educación básica, se ha considerado un gran avance en materia educativa, aunque el esfuerzo realizado ha implicado resolver una serie de retos, como el de la permanencia en las escuelas. Bajo diversas modalidades se ha pretendido la atención a la cobertura en la educación secundaria, como es el caso de esta investigación sobre el abandono escolar en educación telesecundaria en contextos indígenas en Chiapas, lo cual se constituye en un acercamiento para comprender la dinámica que se vive en estos escenarios. Su objetivo es identificar los factores potenciales que pueden incidir en el abandono escolar de los estudiantes de la escuela telesecundaria 531. El estudio de caso se utilizó para encontrar las causas mediante una serie de instrumentos con los que se recabó infor-mación por parte de los diversos autores que forman parte del contexto. En este caso los participantes fueron 40 estudiantes de tercer grado, 20 padres de familia y 5 profesores. Se encontraron como principales factores potenciales: la influencia de la familia en torno al cumplimiento de los usos y costumbres relacionadas con contraer matrimonio a edades tempranas, un fuerte patriarcado, con respecto a la concepción de la mujer y la violencia de género en la determi-nación de lo que debe hacer con su vida futura, un escaso interés por sus estudios y la falta de recursos económicos para continuar en la escuela. La existencia de estos factores requiere una seria reflexión por parte del profesorado y las autoridades educativas para el planteamiento de estrategias que permitan una permanencia y egreso con calidad en el contexto de la educación indígena. Asimismo, es importante realizar estudios comparativos con otras realidades similares a ésta para comprender a fondo los problemas relacionados con la equidad en la educación.
LOS EXÁMENES DE INGRESO A LA EDUCACIÓN SUPERIOR MEXICANA, UN OBSTÁCULO A LA ASPIRACIÓN DE EDUCACIÓN INCLUSIVA PARA ESTUDIANTES POBRES Y DE PUEBLOS ORIGINARIOS
Authors:   Secretaría de Marina – Armada de México, Jiménez Velázquez Óscar
Published: February 2021

En este artículo se expone y discute una problemática de gran relevancia actualmente en la educación mexicana: los exámenes de ingreso, en especial los que dan acceso a la Educación Superior (es). Dichas pruebas han sido muy cuestionadas por sus notables limitaciones en cuanto a la evaluación estan-darizada y descontextualizada de conocimientos y habilidades de cientos de miles de alumnos que intentan ingresar a las universidades y otras instituciones públicas, sin tomar en consideración sus orígenes socioculturales ni sus condi-ciones económicas y sociales. De hecho, varios autores y organizaciones consideran que tales exámenes obstaculizan el desarrollo académico y profe-sional de un gran sector de los aspirantes, el cual frecuentemente se encuentra en insoslayables circunstancias de pobreza y marginación (lo cual es aún más grave en el caso de los alumnos provenientes de las comunidades originarias). Este sector suele carecer de los recursos básicos (nutricionales, monetarios y educativos, entre otros), así como de la formación previa necesaria (sobre todo en aspectos lingüísticos y matemáticos), para competir por un lugar en la es con alumnos de clases medias y altas, generándose una notoria desventaja que les cierra las oportunidades de continuar sus estudios. Lo anterior va en detrimento del compromiso federal con la educación inclusiva, política que busca que todos los estudiantes, independientemente de sus circunstan-cias (físicas, étnicas, sociales, etc.), puedan acceder a la educación pública. Ante ello, se han planteado una serie de propuestas para modificar, adaptar o eliminar el proceso de evaluación a través de las pruebas de ingreso, con la intención de permitir un mayor acceso de los alumnos pobres y/o de pueblos originarios a la es, como se muestra en el presente ensayo.
The Modern Arms Market of the Southeast Asia Countries: a Vector of Development and New Opportunities for Russia
Authors:   Academy of Military of Military Science, Russia, Moscow, Goreslavsky Sergey S.
Published: February 2021

The article highlights the main parameters of arms market conditions and development tendencies in Southeast Asia countries, which have traditionally attracted the attention of the world's leading producers and exporters of military products, including Russia. The most important international factor is the US-China competition in the region as well as the policy of the People’s Republic of China. In this context, the strategy of the countries pursues to have a restraining influence, what in military construction matters to take measures to modernize and update their weapons along with developing the national military industry. This creates new prospective opportunities for Russia as one of the leaders of the global arms market.
Features of Socio-Economic Development of the Indonesian Province of West Papua (Part 2.)
Authors:   Institute of oriental studies, Russian academy of science (MOSCOW), Popov Aleksandr V.
Published: February 2021

The article analyzes the features of socio-economic development of the province of West Papua. The Western part of the island of New Guinea, now the province of Papua and West Papua, has been part of the Republic Indonesia since 1963. During this period, the territory previously populated predominantly by Papuan tribes, have been substantially Malayali, and currently, people from other parts of Indonesia, who is mainly Mongoloids, make up not less than a half of the local population. For more than five decades, the Central authorities of Indonesia have made some efforts for the economic development of Papua, as well as the introduction of the local population to more modern forms of economy.
The Specificity of Myanmar’s Relations with China in the Beginning of the XXI Century (2001-2010)
Authors:   National Research University Higher School of Economics, Naing Wai Yan Phyo
Published: February 2021

The article gives a critical insight into Myanmar’s relations with China between 2000 and 2010. Starting from an analysis of the political vector of these relations, the article explores the specificity of economic coopera-tion, including China’s investment in Myanmar’s infrastructure projects to finally turn to the grass-root perception of China’s policy in Myanmar. In the author’s opinion, China’s influence in Myanmar should not be overestimated owing to a gap between official declarations of the Tatmadaw regime and the grassroot-level Sinophobia premised upon perceptions that Chinese business practices were inefficient, corrupted, and were implemented without due regard to the interests of local citizens.
Red in Tooth and Claw No More: Animal Rights and the Permissibility to Redesign Nature
Authors: Kianpour Connor K. , Paez Eze
Published: February 2021

Most non-human animals live in the wild and it is probable that suffering predominates in their lives due to natural events. Humans may at some point be able to engage in paradise engineering, or the modification of nature and animal organisms themselves, to improve the well-being of wild animals. We may, in other words, make nature ‘red in tooth and claw’ no more. We argue that this creates a tension between environmental ethics and animal ethics which is likely insurmountable. First, we argue that concern for the environment can be compatible with helping individual wild animals but should see redesigning nature as morally impermissible. Second, we argue that if we are concerned with animal well-being, we may reject that we have a duty to help wild animals even to the point of redesigning nature, but we must nevertheless concede that it is permissible to do so under certain circumstances. We show how this permissibility can be derived from three animal rights views: Tom Regan's, a novel account inspired by Thomas Pogge and a libertarian approach to animal rights.
Justifying an Intentional Species Extinction: The Case of Anopheles gambiae
Authors: Callies Daniel Edward , Rohwer Yasha
Published: February 2021

Each year, over 200 million people are infected with the malaria parasite, nearly half a million of whom succumb to the disease. Emerging genetic technologies could, in theory, eliminate the burden of malaria throughout the world by intentionally eradicating the mosquitoes that transmit the disease. In this paper, we offer an ethical examination of the intentional eradication of Anopheles gambiae, the main malaria vector of sub-Saharan Africa. In our evaluation, we focus on two main considerations: the benefit of alleviating the malaria burden, and the loss of value that would accompany the eradication of the species. We outline a typology of the different ways in which species are valued or could be valuable, then use that typology to appraise the value of the species in question. We argue that Anopheles gambiae has minor (and redundant) instrumental value, little final subjective value and no objective final value.
Enhancement of Multimodal Traffic Safety in High-Quality Transit Areas
Authors: Zhang Yongping , Cheng Wen , Jia Xudong
Published: February 2021

Numerous extant studies are dedicated to enhancing the safety of active transportation modes, but very few studies are devoted to safety analysis surrounding transit stations, which serve as an important modal interface for pedestrians and bicyclists. This study bridges the gap by developing joint models based on the multivariate conditionally autoregressive (MCAR) priors with a distance-oriented neighboring weight matrix. For this purpose, transit-station-centered data in Los Angeles County were used for model development. Feature selection relying on both random forest and correlation analyses was employed, which leads to different covariate inputs to each of the two jointed models, resulting in increased model flexibility. Utilizing an Integrated Nested Laplace Approximation (INLA) algorithm and various evaluation criteria, the results demonstrate that models with a correlation effect between pedestrians and bicyclists perform much better than the models without such an effect. The joint models also aid in identifying significant covariates contributing to the safety of each of the two active transportation modes. The research results can furnish transportation professionals with additional insights to create safer access to transit and thus promote active transportation.
Paresia do nervo oculomotor: uma entidade por vezes difícil de gerir em medicina geral e familiar
Authors:   Médico de Família, Santos Ana Martins Ferreira dos
Published: February 2021

Introdução: A paresia do nervo oculomotor constitui uma patologia rara na população geral, que acomete principalmente pessoas acima dos 60 anos. Pode manifestar-se por dor ocular, diplopia, ptose e estrabismo, sendo a hipertensão e a diabetes as suas principais etiologias. As mononeuropatias cranianas atingem 3% da população diabética. Poderá ser a manifestação de situações potencialmente fatais, como aneurismas cerebrais. Descrição do caso: Mulher de 55 anos, bom estado geral, embora com várias comorbilidades importantes, incluindo diabetes mellitus tipo 1 com mau controlo metabólico. A 12/05/2019 refere início súbito de dor ocular e supraciliar direitas, com os seguintes sintomas associados, também a nível do olho direito: visão turva, diplopia, fotofobia e estrabismo divergente de novo. Após dois contactos prévios com instituições de saúde por este motivo, acabou por ser referenciada ao serviço de urgência pela sua médica de família, quatro dias após início do quadro. Foi-lhe diagnosticada paresia do III par craniano direito, tendo-se adotado uma atitude expectante. A remissão espontânea das queixas ocorreu após oito semanas. Comentário: Pretende-se com o relato deste caso alertar para a importância do médico de família na continuidade e articulação de cuidados, pois sendo este o médico assistente por excelência do seu utente será aquele que mais o conhece e que melhor poderá valorizar alterações importantes que possam surgir de novo. Por outro lado, tem por objetivo realçar a importância da rápida atuação perante a sua suspeita clínica, bem como do controlo dos fatores de risco cardiovasculares na população diabética, revelando-se importante do ponto de vista formativo para a prática clínica do médico de família.
Hematúria no jovem adulto: um caso de síndroma da junção pielo-ureteral
Authors:   Médico de Família, Gomes Samuel
Published: February 2021

Introdução: A síndroma da junção pielo-ureteral é uma patologia mais frequente em idade pediátrica. Consiste numa forma de obstrução do trato urinário, que resulta de um bloqueio parcial ou total intermitente do fluxo de urina a nível da junção pielo-ureteral. É a causa mais comum de hidronefrose no período pré-natal e, quanto aos jovens adultos (18 aos 24 anos), a taxa de internamento por esta causa foi de 0,7 por 100.000 no ano 2000 nos Estados Unidos da América. Descrição do caso: Homem de 21 anos, sem antecedentes pessoais de relevo, que recorreu ao serviço de urgência por quadro de dor referida ao flanco esquerdo e hematúria com início no próprio dia. Foi medicado sintomaticamente e teve alta para o médico de família para estudo de cálculo renal. Recorreu a consulta do centro de saúde passados três dias com manutenção dos sintomas. Ao exame objetivo verificou-se punho-percussão lombar sem alterações bilateralmente e palpação abdominal com massa medindo cerca de 15 por 20cm, não móvel, de consistência duro-elástica, nos quadrantes esquerdos. Foi encaminhado novamente ao serviço de urgência para reavaliação urgente. A tomografia computorizada urológica revelou bolsas hidronefróticas a substituir o rim esquerdo, sem imagens sugestivas de obstrução, observação compatível com síndroma da junção pielo-ureteral. Internou-se o utente para cateterização ureteral e avaliação funcional do rim esquerdo. Comentário: A hematúria em contexto de dor unilateral referida ao flanco deve fazer suspeitar em primeiro lugar de nefrolitíase, mas outras causas não devem ser negligenciadas, principalmente em apresentações menos típicas. Este caso reforça a ideia de que uma patologia mais frequente em idade pediátrica pode ser encontrada em doentes adultos. É, no entanto, pouco comum, tendo sido a validação das queixas do utente e o exame objetivo cuidado em consulta de medicina geral e familiar fatores chave para uma orientação adequada.
Estilos de liderança
Authors:   Médico de Família, Hespanhol Alberto
Published: February 2021

Quando me refiro a estilos de liderança, recordo sempre uma conversa que tive há alguns anos com um colega nosso, acerca da sua vida profissional.
STUDENTS’ TRANSLATION COMPETENCE THROUGH IDIOMATIC TRANSLATION AT SMA NEGERI 1 LANGSA
Authors: Rasid Ritonga Mhd. , Ely Shinta Marda , Habsari Pratiwi Siti
Published: February 2021

The aim of this research is to find out the effect of students’ translation competence through the techique of idiomatic translation at SMA Negeri 1 Langsa with class XI IPA 6 as experimental group and XI IPA 7 as control group. The study was carried out by quasy experimental design. The data was collected through translation test. The study reveals that idiomatic translation improves students’ translation competence. The statistical analysis shows a significant difference between the two groups. The statistical analysis shows that t observed is higher than t table at the significant level of 5%. Therefore, the Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted. The study suggests that this technique be applied in teaching translation in EFL classes.
QAR (QUESTION ANSWER RELATIONSHIP) AS AN ALTERNATIVE STRATEGY TO TEACH READING
Authors: Muzammil Sa’dulloh
Published: February 2021

In English language teaching, teaching reading plays an important role, for reading is one of language skills. In order to succeed doing this activity, a teacher must be familiar and able to employ various teaching readingstrategies that can assist his/her students comprehend what they read. To check students’ reading comprehension, a teacher may propose several questions related to the texts being read. However, if the students have difficulties dealing with these reading comprehension questions, a teacher must be able to help them by introducing reading strategies to overcome the problems. QAR is one of reading strategies which is beneficial for a teacher to check students’ reading comprehension and frame reading question-answer activity in reading phases: pre-, while-, and post-reading; as well as to help students locate answers for the questions.
Carcinoma Papilífero da Tireoide Associado à Tireoidite de Hashimoto: uma Série de Casos
Authors: Camandaroba Marcos Pedro Guedes , Mata Lucas Sampaio , Almeida Leonardo Brito de , Miranda Júlia Souto , Neves Murilo Pedreira
Published: February 2021

Estudo que teve como objetivo quantificar a coexistência da tireoidite de Hashimoto no carcinoma papilífero da tireoide, correlacionando-a com os dados demográficos, informações clínicas e diagnósticos anatomopatológicos prévios. Realizou-se um estudo de série de 347 casos de pacientes com diagnóstico anatomopatológico de carcinoma papilífero da tireoide no serviço de Anatomia Patológica e Citopatologia do Hospital São Rafael, de janeiro de 2000 a dezembro de 2007. Foram feitas aplicações de formulários aos casos, visando a coletar os dados demográficos e as informações clínicas; os exames anatomopatológicos foram diagnosticados pelos dois patologistas deste estudo. O estudo apresentou uma coexistência de 31,4% de tireoidite de Hashimoto em pacientes com carcinoma papilífero da tireoide. No sexo feminino houve um total de 96 casos (88,1%), o que demonstra maior frequência quando comparado com os casos sem a coexistência. A série de casos apresentada mostrou uma frequência de 31,4% de tireoidite de Hashimoto nos casos de carcinoma papilífero da tireoide, sugerindo uma associação não apenas casual, mas que levanta a possibilidade de uma relação de causa e efeito entre a tireoidite e o desenvolvimento do carcinoma. No entanto, necessita-se de mais estudos, seccionais ou de coorte, para essa comprovação.
Genética do Câncer Hereditário
Authors: Dantas Élida Lívia Rafael , Sá Fernando Henrique de Lima , Carvalho Sionara Melo de Figueiredo de , Arruda Anderson Pontes , Ribeiro Evelane Marques , Ribeiro Erlane Marques
Published: February 2021

Atualmente, o câncer é a doença que mais causa mortes no mundo. Devido a isso, ele tem sido alvo de inúmeras pesquisas, entre as quais se descobriu sua relação com a hereditariedade. Sabe-se que o câncer decorre de alterações em oncogenes, em genes pertencentes ao grupo supressor tumoral ou em genes do grupo que repara o DNA. Muitos desses genes já foram descobertos, identificados e relacionados a certos tipos de câncer. Esses achados proporcionaram a utilização de novos métodos de diagnóstico e tratamento para diversos tipos de neoplasias. O aconselhamento genético para pacientes com suspeita de portar um gene mutante causador de algum tipo de câncer hereditário pode diminuir sua morbi-mortalidade e proporcionar uma melhoria em sua qualidade de vida. Este trabalho apresenta os principais tipos de câncer hereditário, assim como os genes responsáveis pelos respectivos cânceres e discute a melhor conduta a ser realizada para o paciente após a descoberta de um gene mutante.