bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Caracterização e quantificação de fungos pós-colheita em bananas comercializadas na feira livre de Sumé-PB.
Authors:   , Danielle Quirino Brito Larissa
Published: May 2023

O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar e quantificar fungos pós-colheita ocorridos em duas cultivares de banana (cv. Prata e cv. Maçã) comercializadas na feira livre da cidade de Sumé - PB, além de verificar diferenças entre as cultivares quanto à incidência destes fungos. As amostras de bananas coletadas tinham grau de maturação tipo 6 (fruto com casca totalmente amarela). As coletas foram realizadas uma vez por mês, durante o período de seis meses, de Julho de 2012 a Janeiro de 2013. Todas as coletas nos diferentes meses foram realizadas em três pontos fixos de comercialização. Utilizou-se duas cultivares de banana ‘Prata’ e ‘Maçã’. A identificação e frequência dos fungos foram realizadas através do isolamento, feito pelo plaqueamento dos fragmentos dos frutos que apresentaram sintomas de doenças e/ou sinais de patógenos. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados (DBC), com três repetições, sendo cada repetição constituída por um ponto de comercialização. Como tratamentos, foi considerado as cultivares de banana. Os fungos identificados no presente estudo foram: Colletotrichum musae e Fusarium spp., possíveis causadores de doença, e os fungos oportunistas Penicillium sp., Aspergillus niger e Rhizopus sp. Entre os patógenos detectados, o Colletotrichum musae, mesmo não diferindo estaticamente do Aspergillus níger e Penicillium sp. apresentou-se entre os de maior magnitude em relação a frequência de ataque nos frutos em ambas cultivares (27,44 % - Maçã e 33,13 % - Prata). As cultivares de banana (Maçã e Prata) não diferiram estatisticamente, pelo teste F-Snedecor a 5% de probabilidade, entre às médias gerais dos meses de avaliação para os diferentes gêneros de fungos identificados.
Elaboração de iogurte probiótico de leite de cabra saborizado com goiaba.
Authors:   , Chaves Cardoso Rebeka
Published: May 2023

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo produzir iogurte probiótico de leite de cabra sabor goiaba variedade cv. Paluma. As amostras das polpas e dos iogurtes produzidos forão analisadas físico-quimicamente (pH, ácido ascórbico, acidez total titulável, cinzas e sólidos solúveis totais) e microbiologicamente (Salmonella) e a análise sensorial. Os dados experimentais obtidos das análises foram avaliado estatisticamente através do programa ASSISTAT versão 7.5 Beta. Verificou-se que os valores físico-químicos do leite de cabra mostraram-se de acordo com a legislação. No entanto a polpa da goiaba apresentou baixo valor de vitamina C. Dos parâmetros físico-químicos avaliados para o iogurte, o pH, sólidos solúveis totais e ácido ascórbico das duas amostras apresentaram valores próximos; o valor da acidez total titulavél e das cinzas foi menor para iogurte de leite de vaca, quando comparado com o leite de cabra; as duas amostras de iogurte apresentaram ausência de Salmonella; e, que o iogurte probiótico de leite de cabra elaborado com polpa de goiaba é um produto com grande potencial de aceitação pelo mercado consumidor.
Disclosing the Relationship Between Nasdaq and Bitcoin via Artificial Intelligence Approach: Machine Learning and Deep Learning
Authors: Cheon Minjong , Choi Hayoung , Joo Hanseon , Lee Ook
Published: May 2023

Cryptocurrency has grown in popularity recently, and people try to get revenue from investing in cryptocurrency because the fluctuation is much larger than the stock market. However, because of this characteristic, some people lose a huge amount of money all of a sudden, or some people are addicted to it. Some experts claim that Nasdaq and Bitcoin exhibit a similar trend, showing a positive relationship between the two. Therefore, our research tries to prove that hypothesis with an artificial intelligence approach. The close price of the Nasdaq was used as an input variable, while the close price from Bitcoin and Ethereum was set as the target. Our experiment involves two different steps, which are EDA and machine learning analysis. For the first experiment, correlation matrix and joint plots were plotted, and Nasdaq and Bitcoin showed high correlation. Furthermore, six different machine learning algorithms and two deep learning algorithms were utilized for the analysis, and their accuracy was assessed with RMSE and MAE. RMSE and MAE of two coins based on Nasdaq were 1837.09 and 1066.32 for Bitcoin and 127 and 96.8 for Ethereum price prediction. However, even though the GRU yielded higher RMSE and MAE compared to the machine learning algorithm, visualization indicated that GRU was more effective than the machine learning model. Even though our research reveals a lower RMSE and MAE score compared to similar existing research, our finding is outstanding in that we proved that there exists a positive relationship between Nasdaq and Bitcoin.
Performance Evaluation of Inputs on Machining Characteristics of 6082 AL Alloy: ANN Approach
Authors: John Vivek , Aggarwal Saurabh , Pant Ruby
Published: May 2023

A FSW is solid-state joining process that combines two angled pieces of metal without melting the metal. The process generates heat by friction among angled metal pieces and rotating tool, producing heat that is then used to fuse the pieces together. This leads to a softened area around the FSW tool. In the present work the effects of several factors of the FSW welding process i.e. rotation speed, welding speed and Shoulder Diameter, have been investigated to analyze the output characteristic. The output parameters were forecasted using multi-layer feed forward ANN (MLFF-ANN) and analyzed using analysis of variance. Confirmation experimental runs were also conducted in order to validate the results.
IMPACT OF ONLINE CONSUMER PROTECTION LAWS ON E-COMMERCE IN GLOBAL MARKET
Authors:   Law College, University of Peshawar, Pakistan, Bashir Sobia , Khan Abdus Samad ,   Department of Law, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Pakistan., Khan Faisal Shahzad ,   Department of Shariah & Law, Islamia Collage Peshawar Pakistan
Published: May 2023

The need for online consumer protection laws has accompanied the growth of e-commerce in the global market. These laws aim to provide a safe and secure environment for online transactions. The impact of online consumer protection laws on e-commerce in the global market is significant. These laws have increased consumer confidence in online transactions, resulting in increased sales for e-commerce businesses. Secondly, they have created a level playing field for businesses, regardless of size, by setting minimum standards for online transactions. However, implementing these laws has posed challenges for businesses, including compliance costs and complexity, particularly for small businesses. The diversity of regulations in different countries has led to inconsistencies in consumer protection. Nonetheless, online consumer protection laws remain essential to ensure the growth and sustainability of the e-commerce industry. Online consumer protection laws have played a vital role in promoting a safe and secure environment for online transactions, leading to increased sales and consumer confidence in e-commerce. Key Words: E-Commerce, Consumer Protection Laws, Complexity, Online Consumer Protection, Consumer Protection in Global Market
IMPACT OF CAPITAL STRUCTURE ON THE FIRM PERFORMANCE: MODERATING ROLE OF FIRM SIZE
Authors:   University of the Punjab Jhelum Campus, Riaz Tabassum , Rasool Ijaz ,   University of the Punjab Jhelum Campus, Abbas Nazar ,   University of the Punjab Jhelum Campus
Published: May 2023

The primary aim of the research was to explore the influence of capital structure based on the business performance in context to the moderating role of firm size. In consideration of the main aim of the study, the objectives of the research were to comprehend the notion of the impact of capital structure on the firm performance with regards to the moderating role of firm size, to examine the factors affecting the capital structure on the firm performance in context to the moderating role of firm size, to determine the relationship of capital structure on the firm performance considering the moderating role of firm size, to address recommendations with accordance to capital structure on the firm performance: moderating role of firm size. Secondary data collection method has been utilised to attain the fresh and unique findings. In this context, data has been collected from the annual reports of the Pakistan commercial banks from the years 2011 till 2020. The banks included as Allied Bank Limited, Askari Bank Limited, Habib Bank Limited, MCB Bank Limited, Meezan Bank Limited, Faysal Bank Limied, United Bank Limited, Silk Bank Limited, National Bank of Pakistan and Bank Al-Habib Limited. For such concern, data has been collected in respective to the independent and dependent variables including ROE, ROA, total asset, total debt and equity. It has been validated that the firm performance is largely dependent on the firm capital structure specifically in terms of debt and equity. As the independent variables total equity and debt has been resulted as the significantly correlated with the dependent variable ROE and ROA. Whilst the moderating variable total asset also has the significant impact on the dependent variables. Key Words: ROE , ROA , Capital Structure
An Uncommon Presentation of Common Disease at Tertiary Care Centre of Northern India
Authors: Sharma Rajni , Joshi Arun , Singhal Anuj , Katyal Amit , Kumar Naveen
Published: May 2023

Snake bite is often met emergency in Indian subcontinent especially in rural settings. We sent a case of a 26-year-old male, residing in North India who sented with complaints of swelling over left leg along with breathlessness. His renal functions deteriorated gradually. In view of various physical and laboratory findings, a diagnosis of vasculotoxic snake bite envenomation with acute kidney injury and pulmonary oedema was made. He was managed conservatively with IV fluids, parenteral antibiotics and haemodialysis. Acute kidney injury is an important complication in vasculotoxic snake bites and should be addressed early.
síndrome del Burnout en los docentes en el contexto de la pandemia del Covid-19
Authors: Belén Ríos María , Pérez Héctor , Vinicio Salas Francisco , Pérez Paulina
Published: May 2023

El presente artículo se centró en una revisión de literatura enfocada en el síndrome de Burnout en docentes. El objeto de estudio fue analizar aportes investigativos que contribuyan a la conceptualización del síndrome de Burnout y su impacto en docentes durante la época de pandemia generada por el Covid-19. Para esto, se realizó una detallada búsqueda de bibliografía en fuentes de consulta de nivel secundario y se tomaron en cuenta bases de datos con artículos científicos originales y validados. En función de lo planteado se visualizó el indiscutible impacto psicológico y social de esta pandemia, pues el traslado de una modalidad de educación tradicional a una totalmente virtual generó cambios drásticos en el proceso enseñanza-aprendizaje y la situación que enfrentaron varios docentes era extenuante; ya que la saturación y agotamiento emocional eran hasta cierto punto incontrolables, orillando al deterioro de su salud mental. Esto se determinó a través del análisis de las dimensiones del Burnout: agotamiento emocional y mental, despersonalización y realización personal. Se concluyó que este síndrome afectó gravemente al desempeño laboral de los docentes, quienes de manera obligatoria debieron acceder a programas de intervención proporcionados por profesionales especializados en el tema.
To what Extent Does Globalization Influence Climate Change Sensitivity in Sub-Saharan Africa Countries: Evidence from DCCE-MG Approach
Authors: Aghazadeh Sahar , Odugbesan Jamiu Adetola , Saei Aliakbar
Published: May 2023

Though, the issue of climate change is a global challenge that has attracted the attention of various stakeholders, but the understanding of various contributing factors to address the challenge still remains a moot topic. Thus, this study investigates the sensitivity of climate change in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) countries to overall globalization, dejure and defacto globalization, population, urbanization and economic growth using a panel data covering the period from 1990-2018. The estimations were performed using the novel Westerlund and Erdgerton panel cointegration approach to estimate the co-movement of the variables in the long run, while the long-run relationship was estimated using the “Dynamic Common Correlated Effect-Mean Group” (DCCE-MG) techniques and used the “Dynamic OLS” and “Fully Modified OLS” for robustness check. Empirical findings reveal the long-run relationship between the variables of interest. In addition, our study shows a significant and positive influence of overall globalization, dejure and defacto globalization, economic growth and urbanization on climate change in SSA countries in the long-run, while population was found to have a negative and significant long-run relationship with climate change. Finally, the findings implications and suggestions for policy makers in SSA countries were presented.
Adaptation analysis of produced 3D models from UAV-SLAM and UAV-TLS data combinations
Authors: ERDAL Kasım , MAKİNECİ Hasan Bilgehan
Published: May 2023

Photogrammetric techniques are widely used to represent the characteristics of historical buildings in the digital environment in the closest way to reality. Terrestrial photogrammetric methods have needed different alternatives in recent years to produce 3D models that offer high reality. In recent years, producing point data with the Terrestrial Laser Scanner (TLS), Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) images, and alternative methods such as the Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) algorithm has become popular. Aligning point data from different approaches and making 3D models create new problems. Primarily, it is necessary to investigate the operations performed manually by the operator over time. Also, it is needed to explore the integration of automatic algorithms such as Iterative Closest Point (ICP) in terms of accuracy. In this research, point data of the Dokuz Historical Bridge was produced using different aligning techniques manually and automatically with the ICP algorithm. The assessment has been done from the results of combined point data over time and accuracy. In both UAV-TLS and UAV-SLAM aligning procedures, spatial accuracy was determined as 2.8cm and 4cm, respectively, in the operations performed by the operator and 46cm and 12cm in the procedures performed automatically by ICP. As a result, it was determined that the operators combined produced better findings, especially in research including coordinate transform.
Le prove coagulative nel bambino sano (seconda parte)
Authors: Romano Francesca , Del Monte Francesco , Ramenghi Ugo , Parodi Emilia
Published: May 2023

In Paediatrics, coagulation tests are often prescribed in children without bleeding symptoms, for example before surgery/invasive procedures, or in case of family history of coagulopathy. Moreover, sometimes impairment in coagulation tests is occasionally found in routine blood tests. This brief article presents a practical approach to guide the family paediatrician on the indications for coagulation tests and the interpretation of any abnormality found in otherwise “healthy” children.
Pelatihan Komunikasi Krisis Terkait pengelolaan Homestay pada Masyarakat Lokal di Desa Lumban Sui Susi Toruan Kecamatan Pangururan Kabupaten Samosir
Authors: Faustyna Faustyna
Published: May 2023

Pengabdian komunikasi krisis terkait pengembangan homestay ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pelatihan komunikasi krisis pada masyarakat untuk menangani keluhan wisatawan sebagai edukasi dan berdampak pada ekonomi masyarakat di Desa Lumban Sui Sui toruan. Tahapan-tahapan dalam kegiatan ini adalah (1) pemberian materi; (2) Pendampingan komunikasi krisis pokus pada saat pelaksanaan menangani keluhan pelanggan; (3) Evaluasi saat kegiatan dilakukan.  Kegiatan ini dilakukan untuk membantu dan mengenalkan komunikasi krisis masyarakat dalam menangani keluhan para wisatawan yang menggunakan fasilitas Homestay di desa agar para pelaku usaha wisata di lokasi memiliki ketrampilan dalam hal menangani keluhan wisatawan sehingga dapat berkontribusi untuk pengembangan homestay yang terkait sistemik pada destinasi wisata yang dapat meningkatkan reputasidi desa Lumban Sui Sui Toruan di Samosir. Luaran yang didapat dalam Pengabdian Kemitraan Masyarakat ini adalah menghasilkan suatu pola Teknik menangani keluhan wisatawan secara effectively. Pelatihan ini memberikan keterampilan, pengetahuan, dan pemahaman bagi mengelola homestay dengan sukses, memberikan pengalaman yang baik bagi tamu, dan memberikan dampak positif pada ekonomi dan kesejahteraan masyarakat desa.
Simulación y análisis del tráfico vehicular en las avenidas Salvador Bustamante Celi e Isidro Ayora de la ciudad de Loja-Ecuador utilizando SUMO
Authors:   Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, Chamba González Adriana Natali , Yaguana Condoy Jenny María ,   Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja
Published: May 2023

El congestionamiento vehicular es la aglomeración de vehículos producido por la capacidad insuficiente de las vías para satisfacer la demanda de estas, provocando así: (1) estrés por tiempos de espera, (2) sonidos molestos (3) retrasos en tiempos de viaje (4) contaminación ambiental (5) consumo de combustible y (6) accidentes de tránsito. Por tal razón, el caso de estudio presenta una simulación del flujo vehicular en la intersección de la Av. Salvador Bustamante Celi y Av. Isidro Ayora de la ciudad de Loja-Ecuador. La simulación pretende mejorar la circulación de vehículos incrementando el tiempo de duración de la luz verde en los semáforos ubicados en la mencionada intersección. Para realizar la simulación se utilizó el software “Simulation of Urban Mobility” (SUMO), en el cual se desarrollaron dos escenarios: El primero, es de 90 segundos que corresponde al tiempo actual de duración del semáforo en luz verde y el segundo, es de 120 segundos correspondiente a la nueva propuesta de incremento del tiempo de duración de la luz verde de los semáforos. Los resultados de la simulación mostraron mejoras en el flujo de vehicular y se las evidencia en la reducción de los tiempos de espera, así como también se identificó un ligero aumento en la velocidad media.
Stability of Denture Base Acrylic Resin to Tea, Coffe and Turmeric Solutions: An in Vitro Study
Authors: Gautam Nitin , Kotwal Monica , Ahmed Rimsha , Gaur Anupama , Sharma Sunny
Published: May 2023

Background: The color stability of commercially available denture base acrylic resins (Lucitone-199, DPI and Travelon-HI) was studied in vitro. Material Methods: The specimens were exposed to tea, coffee and turmeric solutions at 37 ± 1 °C. Colour measurement of the specimens from each brand of denture base acrylic resin recorded by spectrophotometer. The specimens were washed under distilled water and dried before measuring the colour on 0, 10, 20 and 30 days of immersion and color differences were calculated. Results: Statistically the colour change was significant between and within the groups of different heat cure denture base acrylic resins. Conclusion: Where as Lucitone-199 heat cure showed the highest colour variation in tea and coffee followed by DPI and Travelon-HI.
To Assess the Interobserver Variability in Mitotic Figure Counting in Various Grades of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Nadaf Afreen , Abbas Rezhat , Latoo Suheel Hamid
Published: May 2023

Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common oral malignancy, representing up to 80–90% of all malignant neoplasms of the oral cavity. The increasing cases of oral cancer are the most important concern for community health. Defects of mitosis result in various nuclear abnormalities namely micronuclei, binucleation, broken egg appearance, pyknotic nuclei, and increased numbers of mitotic figures. The rationale for mitotic counting is that it is frequently used for classification and grading of tumors, prediction of prognosis of tumors and even advocated as a decision point for treatment. Reproducibility of the mitotic counting is paramount for the assessment of malignancy on a histologic scale. Considering this, we decided to assess the inter-observer variability in mitotic figure counting in various grades of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Material Methods: A retrospective study was carried out on 48 formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissue blocks of the confirmed cases of Oral squamous cell carcinoma in the archives of department of oral pathology, Govt. Dental College Hospital, Srinagar. Mitotic figure counting was done by two independent, mutually blind observers. The data was assessed for inter-observer variability in counting of figures. Results: Least difference was seen in cases of WDSCC up to the maximum difference of 3 mitoses. MDSCC showed modest differences in observations, with a maximum difference of 4 mitoses. PDSCC cases had the highest inter-observer variability, with a maximum difference of 5 mitoses. Conclusion: Mitosis counting has been shown most convincingly to provide independent prognostic value and is the most well established component of the histological grading systems of OSCC. Reproducibility of the mitotic counting is paramount for the assessment of malignancy on a histologic scale.
Ocular Status with Chronic Kidney Disease- a Hospital Based Two Year Study on 150 Cases
Authors: Khanom Tasnim , Hossain Md. Sanwar , Mizan Md. Saif Bin , Tanveer Mohammad Solaiman , Khatun Dilara
Published: May 2023

Background: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a growing public health problem affecting millions of people worldwide. Along with its well-known systemic effects, CKD has been associated with various ocular abnormalities, including uveitis, macular edema, and retinal vascular changes. Early detection and management of these ocular complications can prevent significant visual loss and improve the quality of life of patients with CKD. This highlights the importance of regular ophthalmic examinations as part of the comprehensive management of CKD. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ocular status of chronic kidney disease. Material Methods: This was an observational study. The present study was conducted on 150 Patients attending the Department of Ophthalmology at Dr. Sirajul Islam Medical College and Hospital Ltd, Dhaka, Bangladesh. The duration of the study was 2 years. All collected data was entered in MS Excel and Statistical analysis was done using the SPSS-24 version. Results: The study analyzed a population between the ages of 40-59 years, with a slight majority of women (52.67%) and moderate CKD (64.00%). The most common cause of CKD in the population was hypertension and diabetes (52.00%). 66.67% of 300 eyes had good vision (6/18 or better), while the remainder had impaired or legally blind vision (increasing as the severity of CKD increases). Ocular anterior segment findings showed that lid oedema and conjunctival pallor were present in 3.5% and 56.9% of the eyes, respectively. Dry eyes and cataract were present in 5.6% and 11.1% of the eyes, respectively. Hypertensive retinopathy was present in 48.00% of eyes in the moderate CKD group, and diabetic retinopathy was present in 32.00% of eyes in the severe and end-stage CKD groups. Maculopathy and vitreous hemorrhage were present in 12.67% and 6.33% of eyes in the end-stage CKD group. Of the 100 eyes with poor or blind visual acuity, 24 (24%) were affected by Maculopathy and 21 (21%) by Cystoid Macular Edema. The causes of visual impairment were also listed with their corresponding percentage. Conclusion: In CRF patients, eye exams can detect ocular problems. Early treatment prevents negative outcomes and those with a history of abnormal renal function need close monitoring due to increased risk of vision loss. Awareness of ocular complications is important, as well as thorough eye exams and control of diabetes and hypertension for maintaining eye health.
Outcome of treatment of Unstable Intertrochanteric Fracture by Proximal Femoral Nail (PFN)
Authors: Paul Sujit , Hossain Md. Sazzad , Mahsin Mohammad , Hosen Md. Sazzad , Suzon Md. Jahangir Alom , Mazumder Md. Abu Abdullah Hossain
Published: May 2023

Background: Proximal Femoral Nail (PFN) is a surgical technique used to treat unstable intertrochanteric fractures, which are fractures that occur in the upper portion of the thigh bone (femur). The procedure involves using a nail-like device that is inserted into the femur and secured in place with screws to stabilize the fracture and promote healing. It is a commonly used treatment option for this type of fracture and can lead to good outcomes in most cases. The aim of the study was to observe the outcome of Unstable Intertrochanteric fracture by Proximal Femoral Nail (PFN). Material Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted at the Department of Orthopedics, National Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedic Rehabilitation (NITOR), Dhaka, Bangladesh. The study duration was 2 years, from July 2017 to June 2019. A total of 34 cases were included in the study sing purposive sampling (non-randomized) according to availability of the patients and considering inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: The participants’ age range was 16-90, with a mean of 56.91 ± 17.76. Most (35.29%) were 61-75 years old. 61.76% were female and 38.24% were male. 50% were housewives, 14.71% ex-service holders, 14.71% service holders, 11.76% businessmen, 5.88% students, and 2.94% farmers. The leading cause of injury was falls on slippery ground (55.88%), followed by motor vehicle injuries (44.12%). 70.59% of injuries occurred on the right side and 29.41% on the left. 76% had Kyle Type III fractures, 24% had type IV. 85.29% had open reduction, 14.71% had closed reduction. The mean duration of injury to operation was 15.59 days and the mean hospital stay was 19.15 days. 70.59% had no complications and 55.88% reported no pain at last follow-up. 58.82% had a good Harris hip score and 58.82% had excellent outcomes by final follow-up. Conclusion: The majority of patients in this study were in the 61-75 age range and female, with the most common cause of injury being falls on slippery ground. The most common fracture type was Kyle type IV, with a major portion of cases requiring open reduction. The rate of complications was relatively low, and the functional outcomes were acceptable and comparable to other studies. The duration of injury to operation and hospital stay were slightly longer than other studies, likely due to the busy nature of the study location. Overall, the Proximal Femoral Nail is a safe and effective treatment option for unstable proximal femoral fractures.
Breast Self-Examination: An Early Familiar Diagnostic Test of Breast Cancer
Authors: Begum Husneara , Asadullah Md , Hossain Sharmin
Published: May 2023

Background: Among female patients’ breast cancer are a growing threat for over a century. In women, breast cancer is the most common malignancy universally such as 154 of 185 nations. Breast self-examination (BSE) is a simple, very low-cost, non-invasive early detection method used to detect early breast cancer, which involves the woman herself looking at and feeling for any change in their breast as early as possible, which yields a better survival rate. BSE should be done for all women older than 20 years. This study intended to determine knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of breast cancer among medical and non-medical undergraduate students. Material & Methods: A descriptive cross‑sectional study was conducted from October to November 2019 to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice of BSE. The target population consisted of undergraduate female medical and non‑medical students. A total of 154 (N=154) undergraduate female students participated in this study. Verbal consent was taken before recruiting the study population. Completed data forms were reviewed, edited, and processed for computer data entry. The data analysis was performed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 25.0. Results: Among the study population (N=154) with an early familiar diagnosis of breast cancer ”breast self-examination, the mean age of them was 20.434±4.38. Of seventy-eight respondents (n=78), breast cancer screening test was heard by around half of the medical students (42, 53.8%) & of seventy-six non-medical respondents (n=76), around three-fifth of them (46, 60.5%) did not hear about breast cancer screening test. There was no significant relationship between them (p=0.394). Forty medical students (40, 51.3% and twenty-five non-medical students (25, 32.9%) had no idea, twenty-four medical students (24, 30.8%) & forty-three (43, 56.6%) non-medical students had monthly BSE done. Conclusion: Initial diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer have a definite survival benefit. So early detection is an issue of necessity to be uplifted. The results of the present study suggested that knowledge regarding breast cancer, its risk factors, sign symptoms, prevention measures, and performance of BSE is insufficient.
Monitoring of Air and Water Bacterial Load in the Operation Theatres and Intensive Care Units of Selected Hospitals in Dhaka city: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Khanduker Adeeba , Rajib Md. Asaduzzaman , Barai Lovely , Khanduker Nabila , Rashid Mohammad Haroon Or
Published: May 2023

Background: Hospital milieu monitoring is an essential component for controlling healthcare associated infections (HCAIs) as it serves as the reservoir for pathogenic microbes. Aim of this study was to identify the bacterial load in Intensive care units (ICU) and Operation theaters (OT) air and water sources of selected tertiary care hospitals. Material & Methods: The study was organized in Microbiology department, BIRDEM General Hospital. A sum total 28 air samples & 6 water samples were collected from three selected hospitals and those were processed according to the set of protocols. Results: From air sampling, highest load of bacteria was found 480 CFU/dm²/hr in Hospital C ICU, 38.40 ± 9.99 CFU/dm²/hr in pre-OT samples & 218.2±43.35 CFU/dm²/hr in intra OT samples of Hospital C. From water sampling, unacceptable level of coliforms was found in all three hospitals. Among the non-pathogens, 24% – 37% Micrococcus spp. (normal flora) and 2% -18% Bacillus spp. (contaminants) were found in the OTs. Whereas pathogens found were Acinetobacter spp. (20.7%) followed by Pseudomonas spp. (19.4%), Klebsiella spp. (12.1%) & S. aureus (9.2%) in the ICUs. Conclusion: It could be deduced from the study that environmental sources such as air and water contaminations with multidrug resistant pathogens are an ultimate risk factor for all related to the healthcare settings, specially the indoor patients.
Assessment of Mental Wellness Amongst the Faculty and Students of an Educational Institute in the State of Himachal Pradesh, India — Post Lockdown during COVID-19
Authors: Urvi Marwaha , Tarun Kalra , Arpit Sikri , Avijit Avasthi , Bhavika Gupta , Shagufta Verma
Published: May 2023

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant effect on the mental health of human beingsworld wide. There is a lack of information pertaining to the mental wellness of students and faculty in dental institutions in India. This study aimed to assess the overall mental well being of students and faculty of dental institution after return to normalcy post-lockdown period during COVID-19. Material & Methods: A self reporting online questionnaire was designed by the authors after speaking with various therapists and mental health coaches. This questionnaire was anonymously filled out by 492 participants which included under graduate students, post graduate students, academic staff, paramedical and clerical staff in a dental institution. Results: Majority of the subjects felt the need for counseling in their work place (53.4%). A greater number felt they were getting insufficient sleep (48.3%) and (31.5%) of the participants experienced depression and anxiety which further affected their emotional well being and their day to day activities. One-fifth (16.8%) of the participants perceived that mental health affected their relationships and 20.1% observed that physical health restricted their day to day activities. Mental wellness of females was significantly more affected than males. Additionally marital status also influenced the mental wellness of the subjects. Conclusion: Literary evidence suggests that mental wellness is not given enough importance in our country in general. This study only proved the ramifications of COVID-19 on mental wellness and suggested the provision of counselling which could’ve protected the participants from slipping into a negative frame of mind.
Etiology of Hoarseness of Voice Based on FOL
Authors: Biswas Nripendra Nath , Rahman Md. Shafiq-Ur , Rahman ATM Sumaief Ur , Rudra Ranjit Kumar
Published: May 2023

Background: Hoarseness (dysphonia) is the reason for about 1% of all consultations in primary care. Numerous conditions can cause hoarseness, ranging from simple inflammatory processes to more serious systemic, neurologic, or cancerous conditions involving the larynx. Evaluation of a patient with hoarseness includes a careful history, physical examination, and in many cases, laryngoscopy. This study aimed to analyze the etiology of hoarseness of voice based on a fiberoptic laryngoscope (FOL). Material Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of ENT, in Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical College Hospital, Faridpur for 2 years; from January 2017 to December 2018. A total of 75 subjects fulfilling the inclusion criteria were enrolled as study subjects. Data were processed and analyzed using the software SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) version 11.5. Results: In this study, most of the patients (18, 24.0%) belonged to the age group of 41-50 years, followed by 16 (21.33%) patients in the 61-70 years of age group, and then 15 (20.0%) patients were in 21-30 years of age group. None was from 0-10 years and only 2 (2.66%) patients belonged to the 11-20 years age group. Concerning the sex of the patients, 62 (83.0%) patients were male and the rest 13 (17.0%) were female indicating male predominance. 40 (53.33%) respondents had a smoking habit, and the rest 35 (46.66%) patients did not have a smoking habit. Regarding occupation, most of the patients (24, 32.0%) were farmers, followed by 19 (25.33%) were businessmen, and 10 (13.33%) patients were service holders. Concerning the findings, most of the patients (20, 26.66%) had growth of larynx, followed by 11 (14.66%) patients had polyp/cyst, 10 (13.33%) patients had paresis, 8 (10.66%) patients had nodule, 6 (8.0%) patients had edema, 4 (5.33%) patients had chronic laryngitis, 3 (4.0%) patients had keratosis/leukoplakia and another 3 (4.0%) patients had a phonatory gap. Conclusion: Hoarseness of voice is a symptom, not a diagnosis, and therefore warrants a careful determination of the underlying cause in every case. Fiber optic laryngoscopy was an excellent tool for the diagnosis of hoarseness. Causes of hoarseness included growth in the larynx, polyp/cyst, nodules, edema, chronic laryngitis, keratosis/leukoplakia, and phonatory gaps in this study.
Socio-demographic Correlation among Patients with Deliberate Self-harm
Authors: Hoque Md. Tozammel , Satter Mst Rokeya , Hoque Md Mozammel , Rahman Md. Saidur
Published: May 2023

Background: Deliberate self-harm is a complex behavior of maladaptive response to acute and chronic stress, and likely to be suffering from mental health problems as well as co-morbid general medical conditions, including several non-suicidal intentions to suicide. Deliberate self-harm was previously included in suicide. Sir Thomas Browne first used the word ‘Suicide’ in 1642 in his religion Medici. The word suicide originated from SUI (of oneself) CAEDES (murder). According to WHO ‘Suicide’ refers to the act of killing oneself intentionally, performed by the person with full knowledge or expectation of the fatal outcome. This study aimed to analyze the pattern of psychiatric disorders among patients with deliberate self-harm. This study aimed to analyze the socio-demographic correlation among patients with deliberate self-harm. Material Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Medicine; emergency OPD, Rangpur Medical College, Rangpur, Bangladesh. The study duration was 1 year; July 2012- June 2013. A total of 116 deliberate self-harm cases were included in this study as per the inclusion criteria. A convenience sampling technique was undertaken in this study. Results: The correlation of age, sex, economic status, religion, educational status, occupation, marital status, family history of mental illness, previous H/O mental illness, previous H/O physical illness, nature of stress factors, and the total number of DSH was significant between psychiatric disorder and co-morbid general medical condition. Conclusion: There was a significant correlation between sociodemographic parameters among the patients with deliberate self-harm. Bangladesh is a country with a cultural heritage of thousands of years. Traditional values, and social and family bonding are the characteristics of the culture. Traditional value systems are being declined gradually due to the influence of western culture. The social structure is in a period of transition that is characterized by the waning of family ties and social support as well as an increase in urbanization and modernization. This factor together with psychiatric and co-morbid general medical conditions plays an important role in deliberate self-harm.
A Rare Case of Posterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy after Appendicectomy
Authors: Sharma Aakanksha , Mohammed Neha
Published: May 2023

Ischemic optic neuropathy is classified into anterior and posterior ischemic optic neuropathy depending upon the part of optic nerve involved. In anterior optic neuropathy, optic nerve head is involved and in posterior ischemic optic neuropathy(PION) retrobulbar portion is involved. There is sudden loss of vision in both the entities but there are optic disc changes in anterior optic neuropathy while in posterior ischemic optic neuropathy optic disc is normal initially. Etiologically, posterior ischemic optic neuropathy is divided into non arteritic non-surgical, arteritic and perioperative non arteritic posterior ischemic optic neuropathy.
Qualidade de vida, estado nutricional e nível de atividade física de idosos
Authors: Spezia Adriana Piccinini , Patussi Mileine Mussio , Fassina Patricia , Adami Fernanda Scherer
Published: May 2023

O objetivo do estudo foi relacionar os escores dos domínios de qualidade de vida com sexo, idade, estado nutricional e nível de atividade física de idosos. Estudo transversal, realizado com 105 idosos do município de Lajeado. Aplicou-se um questionário estruturado contendo dados sobre idade e sexo, e posteriormente, os questionários Whoqol-Bref e IPAq. O peso e a altura foram coletados nos prontuários registrados pela equipe da ESF no máximo 2 meses antes da entrevista ou no momento da realização do questionário para classificação do estado nutricional segundo a Organização Pan-americana de Saúde (OPAS) 2002. A análise estatística foi realizada através do software Statistical Package for the Social Science versão 22.0. Do total de idosos, 54,3% (n=57) apresentaram obesidade, 40% (n=42) eram ativos e 43,8% (n=46) irregularmente ativos. No que diz respeito aos domínios de qualidade de vida, a melhor média verificada foi no domínio psicológico (81,1±7,5) e a menor média no domínio ambiental (63,1±9,7). Observou-se correlação inversa e significativa entre o domínio ambiental e o IMC (p≤0,01). Os homens apresentaram média do domínio físico significativamente superior em relação às mulheres (p=0,012). O nível de atividade física foi significativamente associado aos domínios físico (p≤0,01) e ambiental (p≤0,01). Concluiu-se que quanto maior a média do IMC, menor foi o escore do domínio ambiental e que os idosos muito ativos apresentaram média de escore do domínio físico significativamente superior às demais classificações e aqueles muito ativos, ativos e irregularmente ativos indicaram médias do domínio ambiental significativamente superiores dos sedentários.
Níveis de autonomia funcional e equilíbrio em idosos praticantes de treinamento de resistência e de hidroginástica
Authors: Lima e Silva Leandro , Porto Amanda Daudt , Vale Rodrigo Gomes de Souza , Pernambuco Carlos Soares , Da Silva Jurandir Baptista , Moreira Nunes Rodolfo Alkmim , Seixas-da-Silva Ignácio Antônio
Published: May 2023

O objetivo foi analisar os níveis de autonomia funcional e equilíbrio entre idosos praticantes de musculação e de hidroginástica. A amostra foi composta por 20 idosos, homens e mulheres, divididos em 2 grupos: praticantes de musculação (n=10), e praticantes de hidroginástica (n=10), todos com idade superior a 60 anos de idade. Para a avaliação do nível de autonomia funcional foi utilizado o teste do protocolo de avaliação da autonomia funcional do Grupo de Desenvolvimento Latino-Americano para a Maturidade. Na comparação entre os grupos houve diferença significativa entre os testes de vestir e tirar uma camiseta, teste levantar-se da cadeira e locomover-se pela casa e o teste de equilíbrio de Berg com nível de significância de p=0,04, 0,000106 e 0,000189, respectivamente. O grupo praticante de musculação obteve melhor resultado na autonomia funcional, com relação à mobilidade, do que o grupo praticante de hidroginástica. A musculação demonstrou ser mais eficaz, em relação ao equilíbrio, assim como na conservação da autonomia funcional, em comparação à hidroginástica nos participantes idosos. Através da prática da musculação, os idosos obtiveram uma melhor estabilidade com relação ao equilíbrio e maior autonomia na realização das suas atividades diárias.
Desempenho cognitivo entre idosos participantes e não participantes de canto coral
Authors: Paula Ana Caroline de , Silva Cinthia Fernanda da Fonseca , Alexandre Fabiana Maria , Oliveira Valdomiro De , Vagetti Gislaine Cristina
Published: May 2023

A velhice é marcada por transformações nas esferas biológicas, morfológicas, sociais, psicológicas, e uma das grandes preocupações dos idosos são os declínios dos aspectos cognitivos. Atividades destinadas ao público idoso têm buscado estimular as funções cognitivas, a literatura recente apresenta que o canto coral pode ser uma atividade protetiva para estas funções. O estudo teve como objetivo comparar aspectos do estado cognitivo de idosos participantes e não participantes de canto coral. É um estudo descritivo, comparativo e transversal. Participaram da 96 idosos com idade entre 60 e 90 anos, distribuídos em três grupos: canto coral, controle I (atividade física) e controle II (não praticantes). Foi aplicado o teste de rastreio cognitivo Montreal Cognitve Assesment. A análise de dados foi realizada por meio de ANOVA e post hoc de Bonferroni. Diferenças estatisticamente significativas foram encontradas no desempenho geral e memória. Nas comparações entre grupos, os participantes dos grupos canto coral e controle I apresentaram maiores médias do que os idosos do controle II. Em todos os aspectos as médias do grupo canto coral foram superiores ao controle II. Participar de atividades regulares destinadas aos idosos como canto coral podem ser ferramentas para manutenção do desempenho cognitivo.
Sexualidade na terceira idade: conhecimento e atitude de idosos de uma cidade litorânea do sul do país
Authors: Monfardini Ana Carolina , Sardo Tatiana , Nunes Bossardi Carina , Duarte de Souza Carolina , Ploner Kátia Simone
Published: May 2023

O estudo teve como objetivo investigar o comportamento e a percepção de idosos sobre a sexualidade na terceira idade. Foi aplicado a Escala de Atitudes e Conhecimento sobre Sexualidade no Envelhecimento. Participaram da pesquisa 50 idosos, de 60 a 83 anos, sendo 43 pessoas (86%) do sexo feminino e 7 (14%) do sexo masculino. Na dimensão percepção ou conhecimento, a maioria das respostas foram consideradas verdadeiras. Já a opção não sei, obteve o segundo maior número de respostas e opção falso, foi a menos escolhida. Quanto ao conhecimento sobre sexualidade, a maioria dos idosos entendem que sexualidade traz benefícios à saúde, se mantem durante toda a vida, que aspectos psicológicos interferem na ereção, que a frequência sexual reduz para homens na velhice, relacionam menopausa com perda de satisfação sexual. A maioria não soube responder sobre masturbação, assim como nem concorda, nem discorda das questões na escala de atitudes. Tais dados podem indicar a dificuldades de tratar de assuntos referentes à sexualidade na terceira idade. Espera-se que esse estudo possa enriquecer discussões que atentem para a importância de se considerar os benefícios e riscos envolvidos na sexualidade na terceira idade, para assim contribuir com o desenvolvimento do idoso.
Gênero e idade: variáveis determinantes no estado nutricional de idosos
Authors: Serrão Fernanda Oliveira , Miranda Rozinéia De Nazaré Alberto , Carvalho Elenilce Pereira de , Matos Maria Victória Hora de , Albuquerque Juliana Lobato
Published: May 2023

O estudo verificou a relação do gênero e idade nos valores das medidas antropométricas: Índice de massa corporal (IMC), prega cutânea tricipital (PCT), circunferência do braço (CB), circunferência muscular do braço (CMB) e circunferência da panturrilha (CP). O estudo caracterizou-se por ser transversal, realizado com 185 idosos de um centro de atenção ao idoso. Para identificação do estado nutricional foram aferidos: massa corporal e estatura para o cálculo do IMC, a PCT e as CB e CP. Foi aplicado o teste ANOVA para verificar o efeito da idade nas variáveis antropométricas e o teste de U Mann-Whitney para avaliar a influência do gênero nos valores das variáveis. As variáveis antropométricas definiriam a população como eutrófica, com exceção da PCT e do IMC que detectaram desnutrição e excesso de peso, respectivamente. Foi possível observar que, quando comparada entre os grupos etários, as medidas antropométricas sofreram declínio com o avançar da idade nas mulheres.
Avaliação do estado nutricional e nível de atividade física de idosos
Authors: De Cezaro Jéssica Cristina , Portella Marilene Rodrigues , Pasqualotti Adriano , Kümpel Daiana Argenta
Published: May 2023

A prática de exercícios é capaz de evitar consequências deletérias no envelhecimento. Objetiva-se avaliar a relação entre estado nutricional e nível de atividade física de idosos. O trabalho desenvolvido é um recorte da pesquisa realizada na Universidade de Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul, em 2011, cujos idosos faziam parte de dois grupos de convivência do município de Passo Fundo. Neste estudo foram incluídos 75 idosos e as variáveis coletadas foram peso, estatura, prega cutânea tricipital, prega cutânea subescapular, circunferência da cintura e circunferência do quadril. Para avaliar a frequência de atividades físicas foi utilizada a seção quatro do International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Os dados foram analisados empregando-se os testes de qui-quadrado, Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis e correlação de Spearman, para um nível de significância de p≤0,05. No que se refere à realização de atividades físicas e renda familiar, o teste de qui-quadrado mostrou significância entre o grupo que recebe três salários mínimos ou mais (p = 0,035). O teste de Mann-Whitney mostrou diferenças entre sexo e prega cutânea tricipital (p < 0,001) e entre a relação cintura-quadril (p < 0,001). Em relação à frequência de atividade física, a prega cutânea subescapular apresentou significância (p = 0,026). Do mesmo modo, prega cutânea subescapular (p = 0,001) e prega cutânea tricipital (p = 0,001) apresentaram diferenças quanto ao índice de massa corporal. Idosos com maiores medidas de pregas cutâneas apresentam maior índice de massa corporal. Constata-se ainda que a renda é fator determinante para a realização destas atividades.