bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A LOGICAL APPROACH TO MOVEMENT TRANSFORMATIONS IN MANDARIN CHINESE
Authors: CHEN HSIN-HSI , LIN I-PENG , WU CHIEN-PING
Published: November 2004

The movement of constituents in natural language is a very common linguistic phenomenon— topicalization and relativization in Mandarin Chinese, for example. Any successful natural language processing system must be able to deal with these movements and, at the same time, justify them. However, it is difficult to achieve these goals due to the gaps in between the constituents. In this paper, a logic programming approach with Chomsky’s Government-Binding Theory (GB) attempts to solve this type of problems in Chinese language processing. According to GB, the rule of “move-α” moves anything anywhere, and the universal principles operate interactively to rule the illegal movements out. With this point of view, no specific movement constraints are specified in our logic programming approach. The universal principles are embedded in the logic grammars implicitly, and generated by a translator. The specific features of this approach enable grammar-writing to capture extrapositions in Chinese much easier than the other approaches.
A KANJI RECOGNITION METHOD WHICH DETECTS WRITING ERRORS
Authors: MORISHITA TETSUJI , OOURA MASAHIKO , ISHII YASUO
Published: November 2004

We have developed a character recognition method for learning Kanji by CAL. Using this method, students can identify characters whose stroke order or stroke connection is incorrect, and identify which of the strokes has been written incorrectly. The system can recognize 99.7% of 120,000 test patterns with stroke order errors, stroke connection errors. or both. For correctly recognized characters. the error detection ratio was greater than 99.9%. The processing time was only 0.5 second/character when run on a 16-bit personal computer.
THE TREE-TO-TREE EDITING PROBLEM
Authors: TANAKA EIICHI , TANAKA KEIKO
Published: November 2004

This paper describes the computing alogrithms for the tree distance based on the structure preserving mapping. The distance is defined as the minimum sum of the weights of edit operations needed to transform tree Tα to tree Tβ under restriction of the structure preserving mapping. The edit operations allow substituting a vertex of a tree to another, deleting a vertex of a tree and inserting a vertex to a tree. Proposed algorithms determine the distance between Tα and Tβ in time O(NαNβLα) or O(NαNβLβ), and in space O(NαNβ), where Nα, Nβ, Lα and Lβ are the number of vertices of Tα, Tβ, the number of’ leaves of Tα and Tβ, respectively. The time complexity is close to the unapproachable lowest bound O(NαNβ). Improved algorithms are presented. This tree distance can be applied to any problems including pattern recognition, syntactic tree comparison and classification, and tree comparison whose structures are important in structure preserving mapping.
FEATURE EXTRACTION BY RANK-ORDER FILTERING FOR IMAGE SEGMENTATION
Authors: ZAMPERONI P.
Published: November 2004

The aim of this paper is to outline a unified approach to feature extraction for segmentation purposes by means of the rank-order filtering of grey values in a neighbourhood of each pixel of a digitized image. In the first section an overview of rank-order filtering for image processing is given, and a fast histogram algorithm is proposed. Section 2 deals with the extraction of a “locally most representative grey value”, defined as the maximum of the local histogram density function. In Section 3 several textural features are described, which can be extracted from the local histogram by means of rank-order filtering, and their properties are discussed. Section 4 formulates some general requirements to be met by the process of image segmentation, and describes a method based upon the features introduced in the former sections. In the last section some experimental results applied to aerial views obtained with the segmentation method of Sect. 4 are reported. These test images have been analyzed within the scope of an investigation centered on terrain recognition for agricultural and ecological purposes.
FUZZY LOGIC WITH EQUALITY
Authors: LIAU CHURN JUNG , LIN BERTRAND I-PENG
Published: November 2004

The concept of fuzzy equality and its related contents to the first order predicate calculus are discussed. It is proved that, in the viewpoint of computational logic, resolution and paramodulation mechanisms are complete and sound for fuzzy logic with equality. Term rewriting system, that is the set of left to right directional equations, provides an essential computational paradigm for word problems in universal algebra. We embody the fuzzy equality to the theory of this computation system and give an algorithmic solution to the word problems in fuzzy algebra.
EXPERT SYSTEMS SIMULATING HUMAN VISUAL PERCEPTION
Authors: ALEXANDROV V.V. , GORSKY N.D.
Published: November 2004

Peculiarities of expert systems for image analysis (ESIA) as well as their distinction from traditional expert systems are considered. Two interconnected components of the ESIA which simulate left and right cerebral hemisphere mechanisms of human visual perception are pointed out. The left formal-logical mechanism is simulated by a “conceptual hierarchy”, reflecting a problem area specialists’ knowledge. The right spatial-pattern mechanism is simulated by a “visual hierarchy” and an image processing expertise. An approach to ESIA development on the base of pyramidal-recursive structures as a way for image representation and for establishing a correspondence between elements of the two hierarchies is proposed.
TESTING ALGORITHMS AND PROGRAMS OF MULTIVARIATE STATISTICAL PROCEDURES—NECESSARY ASSUMPTION OF BUILDING EXPERT SYSTEMS
Authors: TIIT ENE-MARGIT
Published: November 2004

Sometimes programs, for multivariate statistical procedures are included into expert systems. The requirements of accuracy, exactness and reliability for such programs are very high. In this paper a new method for testing algorithms and programs of multivariate statistical procedures—the so-called “exact samples method” is introduced.

The programs of simple linear regression analysis from four most popular standard packages are tested and compared with the help of the new method.
RECOGNITION OF LOGICAL INTERFACE STRUCTURES TO ENHANCE HUMAN-COMPUTER INTERACTION
Authors: TREU SIEGFRIED
Published: November 2004

The objects of pattern recognition have in the past been primarily physical in nature, describable in terms of some physical units of measurement. The patterns of interest in this paper are conceptual or logical. They are to be representative of structures known to be operative in the human mind. A hybrid technique is proposed, involving the use of structural prototypes from pattern recognition combined with production systems from artificial intelligence. The purpose is to enable the computer interface to observe, detect, identify and anticipate conceptual structures. As a result, the interface system should have a more comprehensive “perspective” on what the user is doing and likely to do next. It should therefore be better prepared to provide him/her with adaptive assistance.
TWO-DIMENSIONAL THREE-WAY ARRAY GRAMMARS AND THEIR ACCEPTORS
Authors: MORITA KENICHI , YAMAMOTO YASUNORI , SUGATA KAZUHIRO
Published: November 2004

Two kinds of three-way isometric array grammars arc proposed as subclasses of an isometric monotonic array grammar. They are a three-way horizontally context-sensitive array grammar (3HCSAG) and a three-way immediately terminating array grammar (3ITAG). In these three-way grammars, patterns of symbols can grow only in the leftward, rightward and downward directions. We show that their generating abilities of rectangular languages are precisely characterized by some kinds of three-way two-dimensional Turing machines or related acceptors. In this paper. the following results are proved. First, 3HCSAG is characterized by a nondeterministic two-dimensional three-way Turing machine with space-bound n (n is the width of a rectangular input) and a nondeterministic one-way parallel/sequential array acceptor. Second, 3ITAG is characterized by a nondeterministic two-dimensional three-way real-time (or linear-time) restricted Turing machine, a nondeterministic one-dimensional bounded cellular acceptor and a nondeterministic two-dimensional one-line tessellation acceptor.
SHAPE TRANSFORMATION MODELS AND THEIR APPLICATIONS IN PATTERN RECOGNITION
Authors: LI Z.C. , TANG Y.Y. , BUI T.D. , SUEN C.Y.
Published: November 2004

This paper presents linear and bilinear shape transformations including basic transformations, analyzes their geometric properties, and provides computer algorithms. The shape transformations can be used to simplify the recognition of Roman letters, Chinese characters and other pictorial patterns by normalizing their shapes to the standard forms.

Important theoretical analyses have been performed to illustrate that the linear and bilinear transformations are applicable to computer recognition of digitized patterns. A number of pictorial examples have been computed to confirm the analyses and conclusions made.
CAUSA—A TOOL FOR MODEL-BASED KNOWLEDGE ACQUISITION
Authors: DILGER WERNER , MÖLLER JÜRGEN
Published: November 2004

CAUSA is a knowledge acquisition tool which supports the incremental modeling of complex dynamic systems during the whole knowledge acquisition task. It provides an environment for the modeling and simulation of dynamic systems on a quantitative level. The environment provides a conceptual framework which includes primitives like objects, processes, and causal dependencies, allowing for the modeling of a broad class of complex systems. Simulation allows for the quantitative and qualitative inspection and empirical investigation of the behavior of the modeled system. CAUSA is implemented in Knowledge-Craft and runs on a Symbolics 3640.
SEARCH-EFFECTIVE MULTI-CLASS TEXTURE CLASSIFICATION
Authors: WONG A.K.C. , SHEN H.C. , WONG P.W.
Published: November 2004

This paper proposes a search-effective strategy for multi-class texture classification. The textures are classified according to the nearest neighbor rule based on our recently developed texture metric. We will show that it is possible to significantly reduce the amount of computation from an exhaustive search scheme. For this purpose, a distance-preserving vector space representation of the texture database is constructed. The representation facilitates the selection of a subset of class prototypes which constitute the reduced search space. In addition, the prototypes are organized into a hierarchy to further economize the search for the nearest class. This methodology is demonstrated by experiments on 720 texture samples belonging to eight classes. On average, a reduction of close to 70% is achieved.
AN ADAPTIVE APPROACH TO FEATURE SELECTION IN PATTERN RECOGNITION
Authors: SHEN H.C. , PILKEY R.
Published: November 2004

Feature selection is an important phase in most pattern recognition problems, especially when the space of the extracted features is very large. Feature selection methods attempt to reduce the feature space to satisfy certain objectives. We propose the concept of defining a performance potential as a measure of the effectiveness of the set of selected features. This paper begins by outlining a ranking scheme for features based on a feature’s calculated “performance potential”. The performance potential is made up of a number of performance measures: extraction time, memory requirements, variance, covariance and classification success. An adaptive scheme is proposed to process a number of initial features and arrive at the “best” subset based on their performance potential. The approach is applied to a texture analysis problem. The results of the testing of the approach point to conclusions concerning its effectiveness.
RELAXATION-BASED WORD IDENTIFICATION FOR REMOVING THE AMBIGUITY IN PHONETIC CHINESE INPUT
Authors: FAN CHARNG-KANG , TSAI WEN-HSIANG
Published: November 2004

The fact that there exists a large number of homonyms in Chinese characters is a problem for the phonetic input method which is favored by most casual users for Chinese input into computers. A new approach to solving the problem is proposed. The input method is regarded as a process of assigning syllables to words. The proposed approach makes use of the fact that little or even no ambiguity exists in determining the characters in a multi-syllabic word. The formation relationships among the words in an input sentence are utilized to perform a relaxation-based word identification process. An advantage of the approach is that once the composing words of the sentence are identified, the desired characters are also correctly selected. Experiments have been conducted with a hit rate of over 96%, thus showing the feasibility of this approach.
ON THE USE OF THE MORPHIC GENERATOR GRAMMATICAL INFERENCE (MGGI) METHODOLOGY IN AUTOMATIC SPEECH RECOGNITION
Authors: GARCÍA PEDRO , SEGARRA ENCARNA , VIDAL ENRIQUE , GALIANO ISABEL
Published: November 2004

Recently, a new methodology, referred to as “Morphic Generator Grammatical Inference” (MGGI), has been introduced as a step towards a general methodology for the inference of regular languages. In this paper we consider the application of this methodology to a real problem of automatic speech recognition, thus allowing (and also requiring) the proposed problem to be properly formulated within the canonical framework of syntactic pattern recognition. The results show both the viability and appropriateness of the application of MGGI to the problem considered.
AN EFFICIENT SPEECH RECOGNITION SYSTEM FOR THE INITIALS OF MANDARIN SYLLABLES
Authors: TING PEI-YIH , TSENG CHIU-YU , LEE LIN-SHAN
Published: November 2004

In a long-term research project, the recognition of Mandarin speech for very large vocabulary and unlimited text is considered. Its first stage goal is to recognize the Mandarin syllables. In a previous paper, an initial/final two-phase recognition approach to recognize these very confusing syllables was proposed, in which each syllable is divided into initial and final parts and recognized separately, and efficient recognition techniques for the finals were proposed and discussed. This paper serves as a continuation and proposes an efficient system to recognize the Mandarin initials. In this system, a classification procedure is first used to categorize the unknown initials into two groups C1 and C2; different approaches are then separately applied and independently optimized to recognize C1 and C2. It is found that Finite State Vector Quantization (FSVQ) is very useful, whose two modified versions, Modified FSVQ (MFSVQ) and the Second Order FSVQ (SOFSVQ), can provide the best recognition performance for C1 and C2 by carefully adjusting a design parameter called characteristic interval. Experimental results show that a recognition rate of 94.1% to 94.7% can be achieved using this system. Such a design is accomplished by carefully considering the special characteristics of Mandarin syllables and initials.
EARLY CRUSTAL EVOLUTION OF MARS
Authors: Nimmo Francis , Tanaka Ken
Published: November 2004

▪ Abstract  The bulk of the ∼50-km-thick Martian crust formed at ∼4.5 Gyr B.P., perhaps from a magma ocean. This crust is probably a basaltic andesite or andesite and is enriched in incompatible and heat-producing elements. Later additions of denser basalt to the crust were volumetrically minor, but resurfaced significant portions of the Northern hemisphere. A significant fraction of the total thickness of the crust was magnetized prior to 4 Gyr B.P., with the magnetization later selectively removed by large impacts. Early large impacts also modified the hemispheric contrast in crustal thickness (the dichotomy), which was possibly caused by long-wavelength mantle convection. Subsequent Noachian modification of the crust included further impacts, significant fluvial erosion, and volcanism associated with the formation of the Tharsis rise. Remaining outstanding questions include the origin of the dichotomy and the nature of the magnetic anomalies.
The "Mansion" and the "Rubbish Mounds:" The Thousand and One Nights in Popular Arabic Tradition
Authors: Al-Musawi Muhsin
Published: November 2004

The purpose of this reading is to assess specific tales in The Thousand and One Nights in the context of the Arabic narrative tradition. While the first sections argue the marginalization of such tales in mainstream criticism, the rest concentrates on the fluctuations in taste for narrative, the reasons behind the expressed fears of the guardians of religion and morality, and the suspicions that were behind the opposition to this kind of narrative. Only two tales are chosen to demonstrate the popular components in the collection, not only because they serve to bridge the gap between an accepted narrative that was admired and collected by the literati in certain periods, but mainly because they have the principal popular properties, as usually argued in current criticism of popular culture.
Equatorial Waves Including the Madden–Julian Oscillation in TRMM Rainfall and OLR Data
Authors: Cho Hye-Kyung , Bowman Kenneth P. , North Gerald R.
Published: November 2004

Four years of outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) and rainfall data from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) are investigated to find the dominant large-scale wave modes in the Tropics. By using space– time cross-section analysis and spectral analysis, the longitudinal and latitudinal behaviors of the overall waves and the dominant waves are observed. Despite the noisy nature of precipitation data and the limited sampling by the TRMM satellite, pronounced peaks are found for Kelvin waves, n = 1 equatorial Rossby waves (ER), and mixed Rossby–gravity waves (MRG). Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) and tropical depression (TD)-type disturbances are also detected. The seasonal evolution of these waves is investigated.

An appendix includes a study of sampling and aliasing errors due to the peculiar space–time sampling pattern of TRMM. It is shown that the waves detected in this study are not artifacts of these sampling features.

The results presented here are compared with previous studies. Consistency with their results gives confidence in the TRMM data for wave studies. The results from this study can be utilized for modeling and testing theories. Also, it may be useful for the future users of the TRMM data to understand the nature of the TRMM satellite sampling.
Professional hazards? The impact of models' body size on advertising effectiveness and women's body‐focused anxiety in professions that do and do not emphasize the cultural ideal of thinness
Authors: Dittmar Helga , Howard Sarah
Published: November 2004

Previous experimental research indicates that the use of average‐size women models in advertising prevents the well‐documented negative effect of thin models on women's body image, while such adverts are perceived as equally effective (Halliwell & Dittmar, 2004). The current study extends this work by: (a) seeking to replicate the finding of no difference in advertising effectiveness between average‐size and thin models (b) examining level of ideal‐body internalization as an individual, internal factor that moderates women's vulnerability to thin media models, in the context of (c) comparing women in professions that differ radically in their focus on, and promotion of, the sociocultural ideal of thinness for women—employees in fashion advertising (n = 75) and teachers in secondary schools (n = 75). Adverts showing thin, average‐size and no models were perceived as equally effective. High internalizers in both groups of women felt worse about their body image after exposure to thin models compared to other images. Profession affected responses to average‐size models. Teachers reported significantly less body‐focused anxiety after seeing average‐size models compared to no models, while there was no difference for fashion advertisers. This suggests that women in professional environments with less focus on appearance‐related ideals can experience increased body‐esteem when exposed to average‐size models, whereas women in appearance‐focused professions report no such relief.
ON A PERSONNEL ASSIGNMENT PROBLEM
Authors: WEI WAN-DI
Published: November 2004

A personnel assignment problem is investigated when there exist no feasible assignments.
COMBINING TERM REWRITING AND TYPE ASSIGNMENT SYSTEMS
Authors: BARBANERA FRANCO
Published: November 2004

Recently some attention has been paid to the properties enjoyed by combinations of term rewriting and λ-calculus based systems. In this paper strong normalization and confluence are proved for λ-terms obtained by merging pure λ-terms and first order canonical term rewriting systems, in the framework of a system which extends the Coppo-Dezani intersection type assignment system. On terms of the resulting calculus we can perform ordinary β and η reductions, as well as the reductions induced in a natural way by the term rewriting systems. In some parts of our analysis we follow rather closely the development contained in a recent paper by Val Breazu-Tannen and Jean Gallier. There, the same properties of strong normalization and confluence are proved for systems obtained by combining the second order polymorphic λ-calculus with first order canonical term rewriting systems. The strong normalization result of Breazu-Tannen and Gallier is proved to be implied by the corresponding property of our system.
ON THE NOTION OF LINEAR TIME COMPUTABILITY
Authors: GRÄDEL ERICH
Published: November 2004

To capture the informal concept of linear time computability, we propose and discuss the class TIME(n1+), consisting of all functions which are computable by a Successor RAM with exponent at most one; the exponent of a function is the infimum of all rational numbers r such that the function is computable in time O(nr). This class properly contains the class NLT (“Nearly Linear Time”)—proposed by Gurevich and Shelah—which contains all functions computable by a Successor RAM in time O(n(log n)k) for some k∈N. Both classes are very robust under changes of the underlying machine model: using the same time bounds they can be defined by Random Access Computers, Storage Modification Machines, Kolmogorov algorithms, Random Access Turing machines etc.; this distinguishes them from similar classes defined by ordinary Turing machines. However, we show that TIME(n1+) can be defined e.g. by multi-dimensional Turing machines or by Turing machines which can jump; this is probably not true for NLT. Furthermore we consider two notions of completeness for TIME(n1+) and construct complete problems. These problems are based on restrictions of Gurevich’s function logic for P.
ABOUT MODEST SETS
Authors: ROSOLINI G.
Published: November 2004

We present a new proof of the existence of a small full subcategory of the effective topos which is closed under very many limits, sufficient to give an intuitive and direct interpretation of polymorphism. We describe also how to construct many new categories with enough limits to give direct interpretation of polymorphisms and other strong programming languages.
TREE COMPRESSION AND OPTIMIZATION WITH APPLICATIONS
Authors: KATAJAINEN JYRKI , MÄKINEN ERKKI
Published: November 2004

Different methods for compressing trees are surveyed and developed. Tree compression can be seen as a trade-off problem between time and space in which we can choose different strategies depending on whether we prefer better compression results or more efficient operations in the compressed structure. Of special interest is the case where space can be saved while preserving the functionality of the operations; this is called data optimization. The general compression scheme employed here consists of separate linearization of the tree structure and the data stored in the tree. Also some applications of the tree compression methods are explored. These include the syntax-directed compression of program files, the compression of pixel trees, trie compaction and dictionaries maintained as implicit data structures.
UNSUPERVISED COMPETITIVE LEARNING IN NEURAL NETWORKS
Authors: Gunhan Atilla E. , Csernai László P. , Randrup Jørgen
Published: November 2004

We study an idealized neural network that may approximate certain neurophysiological features of natural neural systems. The network contains a mutual lateral inhibition and is subjected to unsupervised learning by means of a Hebb-type learning principle. Its learning ability is analysed as a function of the strength of lateral inhibition and the training set.
NEURAL NETWORKS, PRINCIPAL COMPONENTS, AND SUBSPACES
Authors: Oja Erkki
Published: November 2004

A single neuron with Hebbian-type learning for the connection weights, and with nonlinear internal feedback, has been shown to extract the statistical principal components of its stationary input pattern sequence. A generalization of this model to a layer of neuron units is given, called the Subspace Network, which yields a multi-dimensional, principal component subspace. This can be used as an associative memory for the input vectors or as a module in nonsupervised learning of data clusters in the input space. It is also able to realize a powerful pattern classifier based on projections on class subspaces. Some classification results for natural textures are given.
ELECTRONICS FOR HIGH SPEED, BURST MODE OPTICAL COMMUNICATIONS
Authors: SWARTZ R.G. , OTA Y.
Published: November 2004

Electronics for burst mode data communication over an optical data link will contribute to wider acceptance of photonic technology. This paper describes the concepts and difficulties inherent in burst mode optical communication systems, and proposes a new solution employing an ultra-high speed, high accuracy peak detector. Sensitivity penalties associated with this technique are reviewed. The method was implemented in an optical receiver with dc to 500 Mb/s operation, and at 200 Mb/s, demonstrates an isolated pulse sensitivity of −29.5 dBm, and pulse width distortion less than lns. An example application, the Multiple channel Optical Data LINK (MODLINK), is described: a fully dc-coupled, 12 parallel channel digital data link system designed for high speed optical fiber communication at bit rates ranging from dc to 200 Mb/s per channel, applicable at distances of centimeters to over 3 km.
III-V HETEROJUNCTION BIPOLAR TRANSISTORS FOR HIGH-SPEED APPLICATIONS
Authors: CHANG M.F. , ASBECK P.M.
Published: November 2004

Recent advances in communication, radar and computational systems demand very high performance electronic circuits. Heterojunction bipolar transistors (HBTs) have the potential of providing a more efficient solution to many key system requirements through intrinsic device advantages than competing technologies. This paper reviews the present status of GaAs and InP-based HBT technologies and their applications to digital, analog, microwave and multifunction circuits. It begins with a brief review of HBT device concepts and critical epitaxial growth parameters. Issues important for device modeling and fabrication technologies are discussed. The paper then highlights the performance and the potential impact of HBT devices and integrated circuits in various application areas. Key prospects for future HBT development are also addressed.
ON SOME SPECTROSCOPIC INFORMATION OF MESONS IN THE STATISTICAL MODEL
Authors: SARKER A.K. , BANERJEE S.N. , MUKHERJEE SUMITA
Published: November 2004

With the help of a trial wavefunction suggested from the statistical model, the virial theorem is exactly satisfied. As a consequence of scale symmetry, an equal level spacings for the consecutive S-state levels of the [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] families with respect to the groundstate level is corroborated by experimental data.
THE CONTINUUM LIMIT OF TWO-DIMENSIONAL O(3) SIGMA MODEL ON LATTICE AND MASS GAP
Authors: WU CHI MIN , ZHAO PEI YING
Published: November 2004

In this note, we get a recursion relation of β-function for MC renormalization group transformation of O(3) sigma model on lattice. By fitting the MCRG data Δβ(β) of O(3) model, we get the β-function for O(3) model in small and moderate coupling g. Its implication to mass gap is also discussed.
AN INVERSE SCATTERING PROBLEM FOR NONLOCAL POTENTIALS II: THE FAMILY OF PHASE EQUIVALENT POTENTIALS
Authors: MUZAFAROV V.M.
Published: November 2004

Starting from the general positioning of an inverse scattering problem for the Schrodinger equation with nonlocal potentials, we give a constructive description of the family of phase equivalent two-body potentials. It is shown that if the S-matrix Sl(k) is of a rational type in k then for a dense set of potentials our main integral equation comes to a system of second-order algebraic equations, and these potentials are of a separable form. This essentially resolves all computational problems when dealing with the nuclear few-body problems.
EXPLICIT EVALUATION OF COVARIANT ONE-LOOP FOUR-POINT AMPLITUDE FOR OPEN FERMIONIC STRING
Authors: YAMAMOTO HISASHI , NAKAZAWA NAOHITO
Published: November 2004

We carry out the explicit evaluation of the covariant one-loop amplitude with four massless external bosons for open fermionic string by the operator formalism. The resulting expression of the amplitude completely coincides with that of the light-cone new formalism for type-I superstring theory in both the non-regularized and regularized schemes, giving an explicit demonstration for the one-loop equivalence of the old and new formalisms for the open superstring theory at the four-point interacting level.
EFFECTS OF AN EXTRA Z0 IN PRECISION NEUTRINO-ELECTRON SCATTERING EXPERIMENTS
Authors: LONDON DAVID , BÉLANGER G. , NG J.N.
Published: November 2004

The effects of Z′, where Z′ is an E6 gauge boson, in vee, νμe and [Formula: see text] scattering experiments are investigated. We found that effects bigger than 1% or 2% could be present even in the absence Z0−Z′ mixing. Neutrino scattering and e+e− colliders experiments give complementary information on the properties of the Z′.
SELF-AFFINITY OF THE LARGE SCALE STRUCTURE OF THE UNIVERSE
Authors: FANG L. Z. , MO H. J. , BI H. G.
Published: November 2004

The large scale structure of the universe is not self-similar, but may be self-affine. A cosmic string model with two self-affine fractals has been developed. All statistical features, such as 1) r−1.8 law; 2) dependence of correlation strength on objects; 3) flattened tail in correlation function; 4) bubble structure; 5) dependence of correlation length on the size of sample, can be explained if the local fractal is taken to be 1.2 and the global fractal to be 2.4.
CAN SMALL TWO-DIMENSIONAL BLACK HOLES EXIST?
Authors: KWON O. J. , CHO B. H. , MYUNG Y. S.
Published: November 2004

We discuss the classical stability of a two-dimensional black hole which arises from the Jackiw model and pure gravity with a curvature squared term. For both these two models, we find that there exists the exponentially growing mode with time. Therefore, it seems that a two-dimensional black hole does not truly exist.
THE DISLOCATION TREATMENT OF GAUGE FIELDS OF SPACE-TIME TRANSLATIONS
Authors: SARDANASHVILY G. , GOGBERSHVILY M.
Published: November 2004

A particular "dislocation" structure of a space-time due to Poincaré translation gauge fields which results in modifications of standard gravitation effects is predicted.
DOUBLE IMAGES OF THE SUPERNOVA 1987A BY THE GRAVITATIONAL LENS
Authors: ERIGUCHI YOSHIHARU , NOMOTO KEN' ICHI
Published: November 2004

We propose that the observed bright object near the Supernova 1987A in the Large Magellanic Cloud is an image of the supernova itself by the effect of the gravitational lens. If this is the case, the lens effect should also act on the neutrino; in fact the lens effect may be able to account for the similarity between the first and the third bunch of the neutrino burst observed by Kamiokande-II. From the observed information that the bright optical source is separated from the supernova by ~0.06 arc sec, its luminosity is smaller than the supernova by a factor ~12, and the time lag between the first and the third bunch of the neutrino burst is 10 seconds, we derive that the lensing object is located at the distance of 49 Kpc from the earth (assuming the distance to the supernova 50 Kpc) and its mass is 1.8 × 105 M ⊙. The lens model will be tested by the observation in the very near future.
NEXT-TO-LEADING LOGARITHM CORRECTIONS IN CERTAIN SUPERSYMMETRIC PROCESSES
Authors: CONTOGOURIS A. P. , MEBARKI N. , TANAKA H.
Published: November 2004

Higher order perturbative corrections in certain processes of Supersymmetric QCD are determined. The structure and pattern of the correction terms are studied and compared to those of similar processes in conventional QCD.
ON THE ELIMINATION OF THE ULTRAVIOLET DIVERGENCES BY THE INTRODUCTION OF THE INFINITE NUMBER OF LOCAL FIELDS
Authors: KRASNIKOV N. V.
Published: November 2004

We give an example of the ultraviolet finite model which contains the infinite number of scalar fields.
EVALUATION OF DISCRETE QUANTUM MECHANICS FUNDAMENTAL LENGTH FROM QUARKONIA
Authors: BRACCI L. , FIORENTINI G. , MEZZORANI G. , QUARATI P.
Published: November 2004

The discrete quantum mechanics by T. D. Lee is applied to quarkonium. An upper limit of the fundamental length is deduced, its value being l0 ≤ 10−18 cm .
A NEW TWO-BODY WAVE EQUATION WITH RELATIVISTIC KINEMATICS
Authors: LICHTENBERG D. B.
Published: November 2004

We propose a new phenomenological two-body wave equation with relativistic kinematics which has certain advantages for treating quarkonium, including quarkonium decay processes.
QUANTUM INTERFERENCE EFFECTS IN NON-ABELIAN KALUZA-KLEIN THEORY
Authors: WEBER R.O.
Published: November 2004

The unification of non-abelian gauge theories and gravitation in a higher dimensional Kaluza-Klein theory is shown to unify quantum interference effects.
ON TIME VARIATION OF FUNDAMENTAL CONSTANTS IN SUPERSTRING THEORIES
Authors: MAEDA KEI-ICHI
Published: November 2004

Assuming the action from the string theory and taking into account the dynamical freedom of a dilaton and its coupling to matter fluid, we show that fundamental ‘constants’ in string theories are independent of the ‘radius’ of the internal space. Since the scalar related to the ‘constants’ is coupled to the 4-dimensional gravity and matter fluid in the same way as in the Jordan-Brans-Dicke theory with ω=−1, it must be massive and can get a mass easily through some symmetry breaking mechanism (e.g. the SUSY breaking due to a gluino condensation). Consequently, time variation of fundamental constants is too small to be observed.
RESONANT AMPLIFICATION OF NEUTRINO OSCILLATIONS IN LONGITUDINAL MAGNETIC FIELD
Authors: AKHMEDOV E. KH. , KHLOPOV M. YU.
Published: November 2004

It is shown that at a sufficiently strong longitudinal magnetic field there may arise resonant amplification of neutrino oscillations. The resonance width does not decrease with decreasing vacuum mixing angle, and the resonance condition does not depend on the energy of neutrinos. The phenomenon under consideration may take place in the vicinity of collapsing stars provided neutrinos are highly degenerate in mass.
CONSISTENCY BETWEEN THE S-MATRIX AND THE SIGMA- MODEL APPROACHES TO THE CLOSED STRING EFFECTIVE ACTION ON THE DISC
Authors: ROZHANSKY L.V. , TSEYTLIN A.A.
Published: November 2004

We show that a part of logarithmic divergences in the closed bosonic string amplitudes on the disc was over-looked in the previous studies. The sum of all logarithmic divergences is found to be in agreement with the “tadpole” divergences in the effective field theory with the “cosmological term” representing the disc correction. This resolves the problem raised recently by Fischler, Klebanov and Susskind.
TOROIDAL COMPACTIFICATION OF OPEN AND CLOSED BOSONIC STRINGS
Authors: DUNBAR DAVID C.
Published: November 2004

Using the duality transformation between open string loops and closed string exchanges, the known compactifications of the closed bosonic string on tori described by even self-dual lattices are coupled to similarly compactified open strings.
ON p-ADIC FUNCTIONAL INTEGRALS
Authors: PARISI GIORGIO
Published: November 2004

In this letter we present a possible form of quantum mechanics in the case where the dynamical variables (or the time) are p-adic numbers. We also present a possible formulation of two-dimensional free field theory on a two-dimensional p-adic space.
ISODOUBLET MASS SPLITTING OF CHARM BARYONS ON ONE GLUON EXCHANGE QCD MODEL WITH RELATIVISTIC CORRECTION
Authors: SINHA SATYA N.
Published: November 2004

We apply a QCD motivated quark model, which was tested in the past for the calculation of isodoublet mass shift of several hadrons, to calculate isospin mass splitting of charm baryons. We find that the mass of [Formula: see text] is heavier than the mass of [Formula: see text] (an interesting as well as surprising result) when we compare the quark contents of these particles. Our theoretical value [Formula: see text] is also in agreement with recent experimental values [Formula: see text] by ARGUS.
REMARKS ON B DECAYS INTO BARYONIC MODES AND POSSIBLE IMPLICATIONS FOR Vub
Authors: DESHPANDE N.G. , TRAMPETIC J. , SONI A.
Published: November 2004

Intriguing hints of possible observation of charmless baryonic modes of B decays have prompted us to make theoretical estimates of two and three body decay modes involving baryons in the final state. Bounds on the Kobayashi-Maskawa parameter Vub can then be obtained.
HADRON DEGENERATE MULTIPLET MASS SPECTRUM FROM QUARK-MONOPOLE EQUIVALENCE
Authors: ANDERSON J.T.
Published: November 2004

Non-observation of quarks or monopoles suggests their equivalence, as has been proposed within string and bag and other models and implied for QCD by the monopole solutions. The possible magnetic nature of quarks is investigated within a non-Abelian field theory with magnetic sources and fermions and color. The sources are shown to eliminate the non-analytic singularities of the field Aμ by a scale-setting mechanism which introduces a degenerate mass. The scale-setting mechanism follows from the requirement of gauge covariance by removal of the non-gauge covariant term which includes essential singulari-ties of [Formula: see text]. The low-lying hadron degenerate mass spectrum is obtained in terms of the degenerate mass and the colored symmetry.
ON A QUANTUM VERSION OF CONSERVATION LAWS FOR DERIVATIVE NONLINEAR SCHRÖDINGER EQUATION
Authors: SEN SHIBANI , CHOWDHURY A. ROY
Published: November 2004

We have derived the quantum mechanical versions of infinite number of conservation laws associated with Derivative Nonlinear Schrödinger equation with the help of a methodology used in string theory. The renormalised version of the conserved quantities are obtained with explicit forms of the counter terms.
ALGEBRAIC STRUCTURES OF ANOMALOUS COMMUTATORS IN GENERAL DIMENSIONS
Authors: HOSONO SHINOBU
Published: November 2004

We propose an algebraic method to determine anomalous commutators, which constitute Faddeev’s anomaly, for general dimensions. This method is verified explicitly in 1+5 dimensions.
HARD X-RAY SPECTRUM FROM SN 1987A AND RADIATIVE NEUTRINO DECAY
Authors: HATSUDA T. , LIM C.S. , YOSHIMURA M.
Published: November 2004

The radiative neutrino decay is shown to explain the hard X-ray energy spectrum (10 keV-200 keV) from SN 1987a, observed by Ginga and Kvant. After the outer expanding shell becomes transparent to the X-ray, the spectrum, in our picture, is nearly constant and directly reflects the dynamical mechanism of the neutrino emission and its subsequent decay.
PARASUPERSYMMETRIC QUANTUM MECHANICS
Authors: RUBAKOV V.A. , SPIRIDONOV V.P.
Published: November 2004

We construct the second order parasupersymmetric quantum mechanics of one boson and one parafermion degrees of freedom. The parasupersymmetry algebra is Q2 Q†+ QQ†Q+Q†Q2=4QH, Q3=0, [H, Q]=0, where H is the Hamiltonian and Q is the para-supercharge. The spectra of this class of systems are 3-fold degenerate, at least above the second level.
CASIMIR EFFECT IN MULTIDIMENSIONAL QUANTUM SUPER-GRAVITIES AND SUPERSYMMETRY BREAKING
Authors: ODINTSOV S.D.
Published: November 2004

The one-loop effective action (the Casimir gravitational energy) of the aribitrary Einstein supergravity on the background [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] is the Minkowski space with non-zero temperature, Td is the d-dimensional torus, is calculated. The problem of quantum breaking of supersymmetry is discussed. The Vilkovisky-De Witt effective action in the D-dimensional Einstein gravity with the Λ-term on the background [Formula: see text] is found. An idea is expressed that a temperature phase transition in Kaluza-Klein theories is possible. For d=5 gravity, the Vilkovisky-De Witt effective action on the [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] is four-dimensional curved space-time with non-zero temperature, is found.
FOUR DIMENSIONAL SUPERSTRING THEORIES IN ORBIFOLD-LIKE CONSTRUCTION
Authors: KIKUCHI Y. , UBRIACO MARCELO R.
Published: November 2004

We present a construction of string theories based on the orbifold-like boundary condition on the world sheet fields in the NSR formalism. A simple model is given.
NON-RELATIVISTIC SCATTERING OF A SPIN-1/2 PARTICLE OFF A SELF-DUAL MONOPOLE
Authors: FEHER L. GY. , HORVATHY P.A.
Published: November 2004

The non-relativistic scattering of a spin-1/2 particle off a self-dual monopole reduces, for large distances, to the dyon problem studied previously by D’Hoker and Vinet. The S-matrix (calculated by Zwanziger’s algebraic method based on the O (3, 1) ⊕ O (3) dynamical symmetry discovered by D’Hoker and Vinet) is shown to factorize into the product of the spinless S-matrix S0 with a spin-dependent factor. The total cross-section is identical to the one found in the spinless case.
QUARK CONTRIBUTION TO THE PROTON SPIN IN THE CHIRAL QUARK-MESON MODEL
Authors: STERN JACQUELINE , CLEMENT GÉRARD
Published: November 2004

It has been argued that, to leading order in the 1/Nc expansion, very little of the spin of the proton is carried by the helicities of its constituent quarks, in accordance with the results of a recent EMC experiment. We investigate this question by a direct computation in the chiral quark-meson model, where the proton spin is generated by cranking a mean field hedgehog baryon. For not too small values of the quark-meson coupling constant, our results are consistent with the EMC data.
CORRELATION FUNCTIONS IN THE N=2 SUPERCONFORMAL FIELD THEORY CORRESPONDING TO A CALABI-YAU COMPACTIFICATION
Authors: ITO KEI
Published: November 2004

The four-point correlation functions are calculated in the N=2 superconformal field theory corresponding to a Calabi-Yau compactification of the heterotic string theory.
A GEOMETRICAL THEORY OF NON-TOPOLOGICAL MAGNETIC MONOPOLES
Authors: FARIA-ROSA MARCIO A. , RODRIGUES WALDYR A.
Published: November 2004

A theory of magnetic monopoles without strings has been recently formulated by Rosa, Recami and Rodrigues2 using the Clifford bundle formalism. Although that formalism seems to be a perfect mathematical design for the electrodynamics with monopoles without strings, it is insufficient for the introduction of analogous monopoles in a non abelian gauge theory without the sacrificing of the geometrization of the theory. Here, we present a geometrical theory of the generalized monopoles without strings as a principal fiber bundle with group G × G (a spliced bundle). We obtain the generalized field equations from the variational principle in the spliced bundle.
BOUNDARY REPARAMETRIZATIONS AS ADDITIONAL MODULI FOR THE STRING PROPAGATOR
Authors: KIRSCHNER R.
Published: November 2004

Analyzing the Polyakov integral on surfaces with boundaries, where the values of the string variables are fixed, we use the observation that there are more holomorphic quadratic differentials besides those obtained as restrictions from the Schottky double. They are naturally related to boundary reparametrizations. The corresponding additional moduli are used to express the integration over metrices. Some details are given for the vacuum functional and the propagator.
TOPOLOGICAL CHANGES, CPT AND COMMUTATIVITY OF OPERATOR COUPLING CONSTANTS
Authors: TINYAKOV P. G.
Published: November 2004

We study the low energy effective action that takes into account the creation of baby universes at short (Planck) scales. We derive the restrictions imposed on the general form of the effective action by a suitable generalization of the CPT-symmetry. We find that if the operators creating baby universes of different types commute with each other, the operator coupling constants, present in the effective action, also commute with each other, i.e., they can be diagonalized simultaneously. This result implies that topological changes do not lead to nonlocality at scales large compared to the Planck length.
ON PURE AND MIXED QUANTUM STATES OF THE UNIVERSE
Authors: GURZADYAN V. G. , KOCHARYAN A. A.
Published: November 2004

Within the framework of Hawking's quantum cosmology, a problem of a topology change of the Universe allowing differentiation between pure and mixed quantum states, is discussed. It is shown that for the pure state Universe, the transition of the sphere to torus is strongly suppressed. The corresponding probabilities are of the same order in the case of the mixed states of the Universe.
NO NEW KASNER SOLUTION IN HIGHER-DERIVATIVE GRAVITY
Authors: BARROW JOHN D.
Published: November 2004

We show that a class of new cosmological solutions are simply coordinate transformations of Minkowski space-time.
TWO-DIMENSIONAL CONFORMAL SUPERGRAVITY AND CRITICAL BEHAVIOR
Authors: ABDALLA E. , ABDALLA M.C.B. , ZADRA A.
Published: November 2004

We generalize a recent construction of 2-D gravity to the supersymmetric case. Anomalous dimensions are found. We start from the anomaly equation for the graviton/gravitino system, obtaining a super Kac-Moody SL (2, R) algebra as a starting point.
FORMAL PATH INTEGRAL FOR THEORIES WITH NONCANONICAL COMMUTATION RELATIONS
Authors: BATALIN I.A. , FRADKIN E.S.
Published: November 2004

For theories with noncanonical commutation relations, the generating functional (S-matrix) is constructed at a formal level, as a Hamiltonian path integral.
QUANTIZATION OF THE LIOUVILLE MODE AND STRING THEORY
Authors: DAS SUMIT R. , NAIK SATCHIDANANDA , WADIA SPENTA R.
Published: November 2004

We discuss the space-time interpretation of bosonic string theories, which involve d scalar fields coupled to gravity in two dimensions, with a proper quantization of the world-sheet metric. We show that for d>25, the theory cannot describe string modes consistently coupled to each other. For d=25 this is possible; however, in this case the Liouville mode acts as an extra timelike variable and one really has a string moving in 26-dimensional space-time with a Lorentzian signature. By analyzing such a string theory in background fields, we show that the d=25 theory possesses the full 26-dimensional general covariance.
ON THE NEW VECTOR STATE IN e+e− ANNIHILATION NEAR 2 GeV
Authors: DALKAROV O.D. , PROTASOV K.V.
Published: November 2004

Experimental data obtained recently have confirmed the predicted possibility for the appearance of a minimum in the behavior of the e+e−-annihilation into six pions near the [Formula: see text] threshold. From the theoretical analysis of the observed irregularity in the framework of a coupled channels model, the existence of a narrow vector state corresponding to 233S1-state in the [Formula: see text] system with a mass of about 1800 MeV and a width of 15 MeV follows.
A MONTE CARLO STUDY OF 2-DIMENSIONAL HIGHER DERIVATIVE QUANTUM GRAVITY ON A TRIANGULATED RANDOM SURFACE
Authors: KOIBUCHI HIROSHI , YAMADA MITSURU
Published: November 2004

A new form of curvature on a 2-dimensional Regge manifold is proposed and the higher derivative quantum gravity is studied numerically by use of both a fixed and a random coordination number lattice. Results previously reported by Hamber and Williams are followed. Also checked are the stability and the absence of phase transition of the theory whose action has a cosmological term and an R2 term.