bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Innovation in Breast Cancer Treatment and it’s Potential in Pakistan
Authors: Moaz Muhammad , Imran Muhammad Waleed , Nawaz Sanwal Sardar
Published: April 2024

Breast cancer is the second most common cancer globally, following lung cancer. It is a major health concern affecting both men and women, although it is more commonly diagnosed in women. Breast cancer is responsible for a significant number of cancer-related deaths worldwide, as it ranks fifth globally. Breast cancer surpasses all other types of cancer in its worldwide impact, and the occurrence of breast cancer is on the rise.1 Breast cancer can be divided into histological subtypes depending on the appearance of the cells under the microscope. The most common types include invasive ductal carcinoma, invasive lobular carcinoma, and ductal carcinoma in situ.
A study conducted in 20222 highlighted the novel approach to inhibit PI3K/AKT pathway using a highly potent oral inhibitor Capivasertib. In preclinical trials it has shown promising outcomes by suppressing tumor growth and reducing the phosphorylation of biomarkers such as PRAS40, GSK3b, and S6. Furthermore, phase I/II trials that evaluated the used of capivasertib along with other antineoplastic agents such as paclitaxel, fulvestrant or Olaparib showed enhanced efficacy with manageable side effects as the toxicity profile was within the acceptable range. Another trial also demonstrated clinically significant activity of capivasertib in rare cancers such as AKT1 E17K-mutated tumor.3
Research conducted in Karachi indicates a notable increase in the prevalence of breast cancer across women of various age groups. Furthermore, the study anticipates a continued upward trend in the coming years.4 The study observed not only a rise in the age-specific incidence rate among Pakistani women but also forecasted a sustained elevation in the peak age of onset, particularly in post-menopausal women. A substantial concern for Pakistan is reflected in the fact that breast cancer constitutes 28.7% of newly diagnosed cancer cases in women, highlighting the gravity of this health issue.5
Researchers have made great strides in the treatment of many types of breast cancer, but the battle continues many fronts. However, the success of several biological drugs such as Capivasertib in treatment of people with a specific tumor promises the potential targeted treatments in the most vulnerable of regions such as Pakistan.
Unveiling the threat: Balochistan's path to congo virus endemicity
Authors: Rida Irfan  , Noor Ul Huda  , Maryum Imran  , Javeria Kamran
Published: April 2024

Dear Madam,
The detection of 16 cases of Crimean Congo Haemorrhagic Fever Virus (CCHFV) in the Balochistan province this year (1) and a 2020 study indicating a seroprevalence of 2.7% in humans and 36.2% in livestock in Pakistan, with Balochistan showing a significantly higher prevalence in the collected samples (2), has raised concerns about the region's susceptibility to becoming an endemic area for this tick-borne zoonotic disease.
Balochistan's arid climate creates an ideal environment for Hyalomma Marginatum ticks to thrive, thereby increasing the risk of transmission. Rural areas, which constitute a significant proportion of Balochistan, are generally more affected due to livestock farming, which plays a significant role in Pakistan’s economy. However, urban areas in Pakistan experience higher infection rates during Eid-Ul-Adha when there is a large-scale animal trade, with increased incidence in high-risk groups, like butchers, veterinarians, and healthcare professionals. The region also encounters challenges due to the cross-border movement of livestock and infected individuals with neighbouring countries, like Afghanistan and Iran, where the virus is endemic (3). Another contributing factor to the endemicity of the virus is the perception of neglect, resulting in limited resources, inadequate vector control and healthcare infrastructure, and insufficient awareness and preventive measures (3), which create significant obstacles in the early detection and management of virus-borne diseases.
A Bulgarian vaccine introduced in 1974 led to a decline in cases from 1974 to 1996, but there is insufficient statistical evidence to attribute this decline solely to the vaccine. Thus, there is no universally recognised vaccination available for the virus currently. However, researchers are working to create an effective vaccine (4). Currently, treatment for CCHFV involves supportive care and antivirals, like ribavirin. Although treatments-FDA-approved treatments in use, including steroids, convalescent serum, and specific immunoglobulins, it’s important to note that these treatments are experimental and require further evaluation of their efficacy and safety profile (5).
The most effective approach to reducing the prevalence of CCHFV in Balochistan is through prevention methods, including raising awareness among high-risk groups, especially butchers who should wear appropriate protection, handle slaughter in designated areas, and ensure proper waste disposal (4). It is also crucial to discourage tourists from visiting areas where ticks are prevalent, and local law enforcement should limit the unrestricted movement of livestock. Additionally, programmes should be introduced to vaccinate animals against the virus, and suspected animals should be quarantined.
Experiences of cardiac care nurses related to the management and delayed removal of trans-radial band of patients at a private tertiary care hospital, Islamabad
Authors: Ahad Shakeel , Idrees Sobia , Dhamani Khairunnisa Aziz , Khan Sadia Farhan
Published: April 2024

Objective: To explore the experiences of cardiac care nurses in managing transradial band of patients in a tertiary care setting.
Method: The exploratory, descriptive, qualitative study was conducted at a private-sector tertiary care hospital in Islamabad, Pakistan, from March to September 2021, and comprised registered cardiac care nurses with >6 months of relevant experience. Data was collected through face-to-face interviews using a semi-structured interview guide. Data was analysed qualitatively using the Creswell and Creswell framework.
Results: Of the 10 nurses, 5(50%) were males and 5(50%) were females. In terms of age, 5(50%) were aged <25 years. Cardiac specialisation had been done by 2(20%) nurses, and none of the subjects had formal training related to transradial band. The main theme that emerged from the data was nurses’ management of patients with transradial band, and the three categories were nurses’ knowledge and practices about transradial band, reasons for delayed transradial band removal, and strategies to minimise complications.
Conclusion: To minimise transradial band-related complications, in-service training of nurses and ensuring a safe nurse-patient ratio are necessary.
Key Words: Assessment, Complications, Cardiac care nurses, Radial angiography, Transradial band.
Comparison of oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation and inflammatory markers between rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis patients
Authors: Sumbal Khan  , Dr M Javad Yousaf  , Dr Amir Rashid  , Dr Asifa Majeed  , Umer Ul Haq  , Anoshia Javed
Published: April 2024

Objective: To measure the levels of superoxide dismutase and malondialdehyde along with erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein in patients of rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis.
Method: The comparative, cross-sectional study was conducted from February 2 to December 30, 2022, at the Centre for Research in Experimental and Applied Medicine laboratory of the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Army Medical College, Rawalpindi, Pakistan, in collaboration with the Department of Rheumatology, Pak Emirates Military Hospital, Rawalpindi. The sample comprised healthy controls in group 1, patients of rheumatoid arthritis in group 2 and patients of ankylosing spondylitis in group 3. Blood samples were assessed for levels of superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein. Data was analysed using SPSS 25.
Results: Of the 180 subjects, 60(33.3%) were in group 1; 32(53.3%) females and 28(46.7%) males with mean age 34.9±6.4 years. There were 60(33.3%) patients in group 2; 35(58.3%) females and 25(41.7%) males with mean age 46.0±11.1 years. There were 60(33.3%) patients in group 3, and all 60(100%) were males with mean age 35.9±6.9 years. Superoxide dismutase level was significantly low and malondialdehyde level was significantly high in groups 2 and 3 compared to group 1 (p<0.05). Erythrocyte sedimentation rate was the highest in group 2, followed by group 3 (p<0.05). C-reactive protein levels were the highest in group 2 and the lowest in group 3 (p<0.05). A significantly negative correlation (p<0.001) was found between superoxide dismutase and malondialdehyde.
Conclusion: Oxidative stress played a pivotal role in chronic inflammatory rheumatic diseases, like rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis.
Key Words: Rheumatoid arthritis, Ankylosing spondylitis, Superoxide dismutase, Malondialdehyde.
Exploring the gaps between training and expected job skills of public health graduates to identify a way forward
Authors: Habib Ur Rehman  , Mehjabeen Musharraf  , Shiraz Shaikh
Published: April 2024

Objective: To explore the non-alignment between what is taught in academic programmes for public health and what is actually needed or expected in the field.
Method: The qualitative phenomenological study was conducted from October 2020 to April 2021 in Karachi after approval from the institutional ethics review board of Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi. The sample comprised major stakeholders including representatives of public health institutions and organisations involved in the implementation of public health programmes. Data was collected through in-depth interviews and focus group discussions using a guide after content validation by an expert. Data was analysed using both inductive and deductive approaches.
Results: A total of 13 in-depth interviews and 5 focus group discussions were conducted. Regarding gaps in the process of curriculum development, 2 major concerns emerged; lack of comprehensive involvement of experts in different fields of public health in designing the curriculum, and the lack of incorporation of the feedback provided by students in revising the curriculum.  Regarding the content of curriculum, three main themes emerged; theoretical nature of courses, lack of uniformity in all programmes, and poor local contextualisation. The casual approach of students and barriers faced by them in joining public health programmes also affected the quality of such programmes.
Conclusion: Three broad areas of improvement were identified, which included improvement in curriculum, methods of learning, and improving students’ approach.
Key Words: Public health education for professionals, Public health practice, Public health schools.
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma as an extra-hepatic manifestation of hepatitis C and co-infection of helicobacter pylori: A case report
Authors: Kumar Naresh , Abbasi Amanullah , Hussain Sana Muhammad , Mahmood Aysal , Talreja Kanhiyalal
Published: April 2024

Along with infecting hepatocytes, the Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is also a lymphotropic virus. Chronic HCV infection can mutate the Bcl2, a proto-oncogene that inhibits apoptosis. This causes continuous stimulation of B lymphocytes, which results in clonal growth of these immunoglobulin-producing cells. In Western countries, there is a well-documented link between HCV and lymphoproliferative illness. HCV and Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) have been found to be significantly correlated in Europe, Japan, and the southern United States. There, however, has been no association found in central and northern Europe, the northwestern United States, and some Asian countries. A literature deficit exists in South Asia about the incidence of HCV infection in lymphoma patients. Here, the first documented instance of Diffuse Large B-cell NHL (germinal center type) is reported in a 35-year-old patient.
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Effects of core muscles strengthening exercises with routine physical therapy on trunk balance in stroke patients: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Nadeem Iqra , Butt Sara Khawar , Mubeen Iqra , Razzaq Ayesha
Published: April 2024

Objective: To compare the effects of core muscle strengthening exercises with and without routine physical therapy on trunk balance in chronic stroke patients.
Method: The randomised controlled trial was conducted at Mubarak Medical Complex, Sargodha, Pakistan, from October 28, 2021, to April 28, 2022, and comprised patients of either gender with chronic stroke aged 40-60 years. The subjects were randomised using the lottery method into group A that was managed with routine physical therapy, and group B which was further managed with core strengthening exercises. The intervention comprised 4 sessions per week for 8 weeks. Outcome was measured using Trunk Impairment Scale and Time Up and Go test. Data was collected at baseline, week 4 and post-intervention. Data was analysed using SPSS 23.
Results: Of the 80 individuals screened, 74(92.5%) were included. There were 37(50%) patients in group A; 30(81%) males and 7(19%) females with mean age 56.73±2.37 years. The remaining 37(50%) patients were in group B; 27(73%) males and 10(27%) females with mean age 55.65±2.88 years. Trunk balance and functional mobility improved significantly post-intervention in both groups (p<0.05), but group B values were significantly better compared to group A values (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Core muscle strengthening exercises combined with routine physical therapy were found to be more effective compared to routine physical therapy alone in chronic stroke patients for improving trunk balance and functional mobility.
Registration Number: IRCT20211116053070N1.
Key Words: Stroke, Cerebrovascular accident, Muscle strengthening exercise, Physical therapy, Trunk balance, Functional mobility.
Editorial
Authors: Diaz Dumont Jorge Rafael
Published: April 2024

The Alpha Centauri Scientific and Technological Research Journal is a peer-reviewed journal produced internationally, it is published QUARTERLY in online version ISSN: 2709-4502. Alpha Centauri publishes scientific articles specializing in Applied Social Sciences and Social Sciences in Information Technologies with great impact at an international level. We are currently trending in more than 24 countries disseminating Open Access scientific knowledge. IMAGES: Still images, audio recordings, video and related computer files for non-commercial use. NASA content (images, audio, video, and computer files used in the reproduction of three-dimensional models, such as texture maps and polygonal data in any format).
Optimization and evaluation of experimental practices in inorganic chemistry: advances and perspectives
Authors: Zambrano Rivas Gisella Maria , Batista Zaldívar Mario Adelfo
Published: April 2024

La enseñanza y aprendizaje de química presenta desafíos permanentes en la educación en bachillerato, especialmente al abordar las habilidades prácticas y experimentales de las teorías químicas. Este estudio se centró en aplicar cinco actividades experimentales en el área de gases de la materia químicainorgánica. Para ellos, se empleó un diseño cuasiexperimental con un grupo de control y un grupo experimental, cada uno con 37 estudiantes. El análisis de resultados se realizó con estadística descriptiva e inferencial. Los principales resultados confirmaron que el uso de actividades experimentales ayudasignificativamente en el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes y en su aprendizaje en general.
RAGAM STRATEGI AL’AB LUGHAWIYAH PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA ARAB DI SDIT AL-FITYAH KOTA SOLOK
Authors: Fakhrin Nurul , Alrasi Fitri , Wahdi Rifana , Pratiwi Sekar Harum
Published: April 2024

This research was motivated by difficulties in understanding Arabic language learning by class III students at SDIT Al-Fityah, Solok City, which was caused by students' interest and motivation towards learning Arabic so that student learning outcomes were far from what was expected. Therefore, a teacher must correctly choose and determine Arabic language learning strategies. When teachers do not correctly determine learning strategies, this will of course make it difficult for the learning process and the achievement of learning objectives. Various al'ab allughawiyah strategies used in the learning process will be reviewed. Apart from that, it will be adapted to learning practices, so that we can see what the results are when Al’ab lughawiyah  is applied to the learning process in class III of SDIT Al-Fityah, Solok City. The process of data collection and data analysis in this research was carried out in a qualitative descriptive manner. The results of this research show that students in class III SDIT Al-Fityah, Solok City show better learning outcomes and the grades obtained by students increase.
PENGARUH BERMAIN PROYEK DENGAN MEDIA BAHAN ALAM TERHADAP KREATIVITAS ANAK DI TK WAHYU
Authors: Elvariani Alda , Ilyas Sitti Nurhidayah , Parwoto FNU
Published: April 2024

The major goal of this study is to examine how Project Play affects young children's creativity. This was accomplished using a quasi-experimental design and a quantitative research methodology. A total of 30 kids were enrolled in the study, and a sample size of 24 was split into two groups: 12 were in the experimental group and 12 were in the control group. The experimental group's data analysis included descriptive statistical techniques and a non-parametric assessment of the children's creative abilities. A test statistic of -3.063 and a two-tailed p-value of 0.002—both less than the significance level of 0.05—showed a significant difference in originality between the groups. These findings imply that children exposed to Project Play activities that used natural materials as a medium demonstrated greater creativity than the control group. In conclusion, engaging in project play activities with natural materials has a significant impact on the creativity of children at Wahyu Kindergarten.
PENGARUH PENERAPAN TEKNIK TOKEN EKONOMI TERHADAP KEMANDIRIAN ANAK USIA 5-6 TAHUN DI TK WAHYU KABUPATEN GOWA
Authors: Fasdhillah Fasdhillah , Ilyas Sitti Nurhidayah , Asti A. Sri Wahyuni
Published: April 2024

Tujuan utama dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh teknik token ekonomi terhadap kemandirian anak usia lima dan enam tahun di TK Wahyu Kabupaten Gowa. Strategi kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian Quasi Experiment Design digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Penelitian ini melibatkan tiga puluh dua siswa TK Wahyu di Kabupaten Gowa, yang berusia lima hingga enam tahun. Purposive sampling adalah metode pengambilan sampel penelitian ini, sehingga menghasilkan total 24 sampel, 12 setiap kelompok terdiri dari dua belas anak. Analisis non parametrik dan juga analisis statistik deskriptif digunakan sebagai metode yang untuk memperoleh data. Hasil kemandirian anak kelompok eksperimen diperoleh nilai Z sebesar -3,068 dan sig(2-tailed) nilainya sebesar 0,002 < 0,05 hasil output uji Wilcoxon. Diperolah bahwa kemandirian anak berbeda-beda sebelum dan sesudah mendapat perlakuan berdasarkan temuan penelitian. Diketahui penggunaan teknik token ekonomi di TK Wahyu Kabupaten Gowa berpengaruh terhadap kemandirian anak usia lima sampai enam tahun.
GERAKAN LITERASI SEKOLAH DAN UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MEMBACA PESERTA DIDIK DI MI SAMBINAE KOTA BIMA
Authors: Trimansyah Trimansyah
Published: April 2024

Madrasah is a very good and strategic place to create a quality generation under the expectations of education and learning goals/, but to support this, the important role of all components and various elements is needed to work together to improve the quality of learning and Education, one of which is implementing the school literacy movement as a force to strive for change and development of competence for each student, both in terms of improving the quality of reading, understanding, knowing, broadening insight, strengthening intellect and intelligence, and enriching various scientific information. All these competencies are contained in cognitive, affective, and psychomotor aspects. This is in accordance with what is being implemented by Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Sambina'e Kota Bima in implementing the school literacy movement with several models including: getting students used to reading 15 minutes before starting lessons, grouping students to collaborate and exchanging stories from the reading results, giving assignments to read, provide motivation, discipline, provide new books, and create a civilizing ecosystem. In addition to what has been implemented by madrasas, interconnectivity of various elements is really needed, starting with the involvement of all school members, parents/guardians of students, and the community.
Obscuring the Working Class
Authors: Dodd Savannah
Published: April 2024

This article interrogates community photography through the prism of class in the context of Northern Ireland. It is based on findings of an ethnographic study of Northern Irish archives that hold Troubles-era photographs. Drawing on Bourdieu’s theory of capital, the paper demonstrates how deeply entrenched ideas about class and artistic value shape access to archival photographs and information about their authorship. The author considers how one Northern Irish archive has taken an ambiguous approach to showing the work produced by these photographers in an effort to accrue social and economic capital in a difficult funding environment. While the work of working-class photographers is frequently exhibited, it is rarely shown without first being transformed through artistic interventions. As these photographs are appropriated into new artworks, the original image, and the authorship of working-class photographers, are obscured.
Imagining Resistance?
Authors: Warnock Becky , Langhoff Kristine , Warrington Camille
Published: April 2024

While “resistance” is often used to describe “fighting back” against oppression and subjugation, for young people the word resistance is often used by safeguarding professionals to refer to negative, disruptive behaviours rather than evidence of their creativity, agency and strength in the face of oppression. In this paper, we share findings and reflections from Imagining Resistance, a three-year multi-disciplinary project that explored how young people in England (n=20, aged 13–25) who have experienced sexual abuse, violence and exploitation engage in processes and acts of resistance. Imagining Resistance set out to utilise photovoice (Wang and Burris 1997), a qualitative research method centred on photography, in a series of creative workshops with young people. However, our approach changed over the course of the project, influenced by O’Neill’s (2012) concept of “ethno-mimesis”, which involves collecting ethnographic data alongside the creation of visual and poetic responses to prompts offered within flexibly structured creative workshop settings. This shift occurred as the young people pushed back, resisting the intended methodology while remaining open to other creative arts methods. This enabled us to think more critically about how the use of participatory and creative arts methods can facilitate emancipatory research practices that are responsive to young people’s developing understanding of resistance and their experiences of reimagining resistance as a fluid, generative and hopeful collective endeavour.
Conversation about “Doing” and Being “Done To” in Humanitarian Storytelling
Authors: Bordbar Arash , Crombie Jess
Published: April 2024

This co-authored article is the result of a series of conversations between Arash Bordbar and Jess Crombie, who met in 2021 while working together to develop UNHCR’s internal ethical communications policy. Jess had been brought in as a communications and ethics consultant, and Arash as one of the members of the UNHCR evaluation team, also contributing as a person with lived experience of being a refugee. During the process of developing the communications policy, their conversations revealed a shared interest in the power of stories, but also a recognition of the inequalities in the humanitarian sector in terms of who has the power to shape and share narratives about affected populations and individuals. The title of this essay is borrowed from Jessica Benjamin who, in her text exploring intersubjective psychoanalysis, describes the basic building blocks of connection as understanding “whether doing is with or to” (Benjamin 2018, 5). A theme running through this conversation is how to complicate who falls into the roles of “doer” and “done to”, so that “doing with” becomes the norm.
Understanding the Relationship between Religiosity and Mental Health: A Sociological Study on the University students in Bangladesh
Authors: Hossain Md. Ferdaush
Published: April 2024

The purpose of the study is to determine whether there is a connection between religiosity and mental health as well as the contribution of religion to safeguarding the mental health of Bangladeshi youths. The study consulted current, pertinent writing on religion and health-related concerns. Additionally, information was gathered from 150 respondents using a cluster sampling and purposive sampling technique. This study demonstrates how religious convictions, behaviors, and health problems are related. It suggests that religion and mental health have a beneficial association. Additionally, it implies that young people’s mental health can be safeguarded by their religiosity. The study findings challenge the social belief that religion is not the only remedy of mental illness but an important one. However, while those who lack religious passion also have good mental health conditions, those who are religiously enthusiastic do not always have it. Therefore, a strong religious commitment is not required to be mentally healthy.
Conceptual Review of Colonial Beliefs and Attitudes in “Othering” During Postcolonial Africa: Lessons for Nigeria
Authors: Obogo AWA John
Published: April 2024

There has been a growing concern regarding post colonialism and its relative role of colonial beliefs and attitudes in “othering”, and this has, also consequently, been a subject of keen inquiries amongst scholars in contemporary international politics. Most of such inquiries have emerged from a wide range of scholarly disciplines including international relations. The primary aim of this research was to examine the role of colonial beliefs and attitudes in “othering” in postcolonial Africa with reference to Nigerian settings. The specific objectives include investigating colonialism in postcolonial Africa and Nigeria in contemporary international politics. It also examined the association between colonialism and othering in postcolonial Africa and Nigeria within the international politics. The central notion of this study was to present the role of colonial beliefs and attitudes in othering in postcolonial Africa. Efforts were made through conceptual orientations with emphasis on colonialism (that is, colonial beliefs and attitudes, othering) and post colonialism. The paper recommended that there should be a growing call among scholars and practitioners to conceptualise race using more complex historical foundations capturing nuances of gender, ethnicity, and skin tone rather than simplifying race as binary. Postcolonial theory should be carefully studied to provide a strong theoretical foundation to understand race and intersectional identity and also to provide a firm capacity to understand race relationships.
Traditional Institutions and the Management of Communal Conflicts in Gwer-East Local Government Area of Benue State, Nigeria
Authors: Utile Timothy Igbakula , Tarnongo Hinjam Wilfred
Published: April 2024

This study examined traditional rulership institution and the management of communal conflicts in Gwer-East local Government Area, Benue State of Nigeria. The study aimed at finding out why there is a persistence of communal conflicts in the study area even with the efforts by traditional rulers to help manage them. The study pursued objectives that range from; ascertaining the relevance of the traditional rulers in communal conflict management, identifying the causes of communal conflicts, examining the effectiveness of traditional rulers in the management of communal conflicts, identifying the challenges faced by traditional rulers in the management of communal conflicts and advancing ways of ensuring the effectiveness of traditional rulers in the management of communal conflicts in the study area. The descriptive research design was adopted for the study. Questionnaires were used for data collection and the analyses done using simple percentage presented in tabular form. Structural functionalism was adopted for the study. The findings of the study revealed that land dispute is the major cause of communal conflicts in the local government area. Equally too, it was found out that traditional rulers have not been effective in the management of communal conflicts owing largely to the lack of cooperation from warring communities. This showed, as revealed from this finding, the lack of respect for the traditional rulership institution in the local government area. The study also revealed that sensitization and awareness campaigns for attitudinal change by community members are the major ways of enhancing the effectiveness of traditional rulers in the management of communal conflicts in the area. The study concludes that traditional rulers are relevant in communal conflicts management as they are considered traditional administrative structure for community mobilization. The study made recommendations in the light that; traditional rulers should be given additional powers other than mere advisory and assistance roles, the government should revisit community boundaries and make them clearer to curtail issues of encroachment into peoples’ lands in the area and the beef-up of check mechanisms on traditional rulers to help unfold irregularities of biased settlements, corruption and primordialism.
Tổng kết 10 năm khai thác cụm mỏ Hải Thạch - Mộc Tinh, các giải pháp duy trì và gia tăng sản lượng khai thác trong giai đoạn tiếp theo
Authors: Phạm Tiến Dũng , Hoàng Minh Hải , Trần Vũ Tùng , Hoàng Kỳ Sơn , Vũ Đình Thi , Nguyễn Quán Phòng
Published: April 2024

Trên cơ sở cập nhật các tài liệu kỹ thuật và công nghệ liên quan, bài báo trình bày tổng hợp các kết quả chính về đặc điểm địa chất, địa vật lý và quá trình phát triển, quản lý khai thác cụm mỏ Hải Thạch - Mộc Tinh. Sau 10 năm đưa vào khai thác cụm mỏ Hải Thạch - Mộc Tinh trong những điều kiện đặc biệt phức tạp, Công ty Điều hành Dầu khí Biển Đông (Bien Dong POC) đã đạt được những kết quả quan trọng, bao gồm: (i) xây dựng và triển khai mô hình mô phỏng để tối ưu hóa quá trình vận hành khai thác; (ii) áp dụng các kỹ thuật hoàn thiện giếng tiên tiến, phù hợp với điều kiện áp suất cao và nhiệt độ cao; cải tiến kỹ thuật trong suốt quá trình vận hành và bảo dưỡng; (iii) giảm thiểu ảnh hưởng của hiện tượng chất lỏng ngưng tụ ở khu vực cận đáy giếng, hạn chế cát và nước xâm nhập vào giếng và hệ thống khai thác, tăng công suất xử lý nước vỉa; (iv) nghiên cứu và đề xuất các vị trí khoan đan dày, áp dụng kỹ thuật khoan xiên và giếng đa thân để nâng cao hệ số thu hồi và kéo dài đời mỏ đồng thời làm cơ sở để triển khai thăm dò mở rộng khu vực lân cận. Mặc dù đạt được thành công nhưng Bien Dong POC vẫn phải đối mặt với việc suy giảm về sản lượng và hệ số thu hồi của mỏ (đặc biệt do tích tụ chất lỏng ở cận đáy giếng, nước vỉa và cát xâm nhập), do vậy việc điều chỉnh kế hoạch phát triển mỏ và đẩy nhanh công tác thăm dò mở rộng là giải pháp duy trì và gia tăng sản lượng khai thác của dự án trong thời gian tới.
Phân tích xác suất thành công, xếp hạng và đề xuất kế hoạch tiếp theo cho các cấu tạo triển vọng thăm dò còn lại tại khu vực nghiên cứu, bể Nam Côn Sơn
Authors: Hoàng Minh Hải , Ngô Anh Quân , Vũ Đình Thi , Nguyễn Quán Phòng , Lương Sỹ Hải , Trần Ngọc Thế Hùng , Vũ Đức Hòa , Pavel Tolstikin , Sergey Koltsov , Mariia Kurianova
Published: April 2024

Đánh giá rủi ro hay phân tích xác suất thành công (probability of success, POS) rất quan trọng trong quá trình đánh giá cấu tạo triển vọng dầu khí, đặc biệt là đối với những cấu tạo triển vọng trong các khu vực có đặc điểm địa chất phức tạp và chi phí giếng khoan cao. Bài báo phân tích xác suất thành công về mặt địa chất của các cấu tạo thông qua kết quả minh giải địa chấn, tài liệu giếng khoan, các thông số địa chất quan trọng,... kết hợp với giá trị dầu khí tại chỗ ban đầu (HIIP) để xếp hạng tiềm năng từ cao xuống thấp cho các cấu tạo triển vọng còn lại tại khu vực nghiên cứu, bể Nam Côn Sơn.
Kết quả đánh giá kinh tế cho thấy có 3 cấu tạo triển vọng tiềm năng nhất có hiệu quả dương (với đánh giá hiện tại), đang được cân nhắc là đối tượng cho chiến lược khoan thăm dò mở rộng tiếp theo trong khu vực nghiên cứu. Trong điều kiện các cấu tạo nằm trong khu vực có đặc điểm địa chất phức tạp, chi phí giếng khoan cao, các rủi ro do tài liệu địa chấn 3D hiện có được thu nổ và xử lý từ lâu..., nhóm tác giả đã đề xuất kế hoạch tiếp theo đối với các cấu tạo triển vọng trên.
Ứng dụng học máy vào phân tích đường cong suy giảm cho các giếng khai thác khí - condensate có lịch sử phức tạp do ảnh hưởng của bắn vỉa bổ sung
Authors: Ngô Hữu Hải , Phạm Hoàng Duy , Nguyễn Ngọc Tân , Hoàng Kỳ Sơn , Trần Ngọc Trung , Trần Vũ Tùng
Published: April 2024

Phân tích đường cong suy giảm (DCA) là phân tích sự suy giảm sản lượng hoặc áp suất theo thời gian khai thác, được thực hiện bằng cách khớp 1 đường cong qua các điểm dữ liệu lịch sử với giả thiết xu hướng này sẽ tiếp tục trong tương lai, từ đó đưa ra dự báo cho giếng. Để khắc phục một số bất cập của phương pháp DCA truyền thống, nhóm tác giả đã nghiên cứu áp dụng học máy vào DCA nhằm đưa ra dự báo sự suy giảm của áp suất đầu giếng, từ đó xác định thời điểm đóng giếng và trữ lượng của giếng. Áp dụng dự báo cho 2 giếng với lịch sử khai thác phức tạp do ảnh hưởng của bắn vỉa bổ sung và kiểm chứng với kết quả mô hình động cho thấy kết quả dự báo từ học máy có độ tin cậy cao.
Intrinsic and Extrinsic Scattering and Absorption Coefficients New Equations in Four-flux and Two-flux Models Used for Determining Light Intensity Gradients
Authors: Barrios Puerto David
Published: April 2024

Collimated, diffuse, and total light intensity gradients, for forward and backward light senses, were determined in a three substrate layers – glass/electrolyte/glass – almost transparent sample, using optical constants and new equations for intrinsic and extrinsic scattering and absorption coefficients. These new equations were obtained for the inner electrolyte layer from the systems of differential equations of the four-flux and two-flux radiative transfer models, used for determining intrinsic and extrinsic coefficients, respectively, once knowing the optical constants of outer glass layers, from a single glass substrate sample measured in advance. Extinction coefficients were determined from optical constants and considering the wavelength compression of light when it enters into a material, decreasing its speed with respect to the vacuum. The same extinction coefficients for glass and electrolyte layers were computed in three different ways. First, from optical constants, they were determined using collimated transmittance and reflectance solutions of four-flux model. From them, collimated interface reflectance and attenuation due to extinction were computed. These intermediate parameters for glass and electrolyte layers were required for determining inner collimated light intensities at the interfaces, which were used at the collimated forward and backward differential equations, solving for the forward and backward extinction coefficients. The three-extinction matching requirement was successfully satisfied for the glass and electrolyte layers. Two average crossing parameters equations, for each sense, and four forward scattering ratios equations, for collimated and for diffuse light intensities for each sense, were used in the system of diffuse differential equations (DDE) for intrinsic coefficients. For them, intuitive equations were proposed based on collimated and diffuse light intensities at each interface. New equations for extrinsic parameters were determined by equalizing the system of total differential equations of the two-flux model to the sum of the systems of collimated and DDE of the four-flux model.
 
Received: 9 December 2023 | Revised: 4 March 2024 | Accepted: 25 April 2024
 
Conflicts of Interest
The author declares that he has no conflicts of interest to this work.
 
Data Availability Statement
Data are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
Development of Digital Twins for Urban Water Systems
Authors: Movva Siva Sathyanarayana
Published: April 2024

Purpose: This paper provides an overview of the emerging concept of digital twins (DTs) for urban water systems (UWS), drawing from literature review, stakeholder interviews, and analysis of ongoing DT implementation at the utility company VCS Denmark (VCS).
Methodology: Within the realm of UWS, DTs are situated across various levels, including component, unit process/operation, hydraulic structure, treatment plant, system, city, and societal levels. A UWS DT is described as a structured virtual representation of the physical system's elements and dynamics, organized in a star-structure format with interconnected features linked by data connections conforming to open data standards.
Findings:This modular structure facilitates the breakdown of overall functionality into smaller units (features), fostering the emergence of microservices that communicate through data links, primarily facilitated by application programming interfaces (APIs). Integration with the physical system is achieved through simulation models and advanced analytics.
Unique Contribution to theory, practice and policy: The paper suggests distinguishing between living and prototyping DTs, where "living" DTs entail coupling real-time observations from a dynamic physical twin with a simulation model through data links, while prototyping DTs represent system scenarios without direct real-time observation coupling, often used for design or planning purposes. Recognizing the existence of different types of DTs enables the identification of value creation across utility organizations and beyond. Analysis of the DT workflow at VCS underscores the importance of multifunctionality, upgradability, and adaptability in supporting potential value creation throughout the utility company. This study clarifies essential DT terminology for UWS and outlines steps for DT creation by leveraging digital ecosystems (DEs) and adhering to open data standards.
On the solution of two-person zero-sum matrix games
Authors: Stefanov Stefan M.
Published: April 2024

In this article, 0-sum 2-person matrix games are considered. Some basic concepts and results are recalled. The numerical solution of matrix games by dual problems of linear optimization is discussed. Illustrative numerical examples are also included.
Optimized monitoring systems in COVID-19 infected States in India using data mining techniques
Authors: Jebitha R. , Deneshkumar V. , Manikandan M. , Kannan K. Senthamarai
Published: April 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the Corona Virus Disease 2019, had a global impact with over 71 million infections and more than 1 million deaths by December 31, 2020[1]. To categorize Indian States/Union Territories (UTs) according to their COVID-19 statistics, we utilized hierarchical clustering analysis. This method groups the data based on their similarities, considering confirmed, recovered cases and COVID-19 related deaths. The results were presented in the form of informative tables and graphs, which can be valuable in devising strategies to prevent the further spread of the virus.
Assessment of technological disruptions on workforce challenges, productivity, and efficiency with respect to Indian banking sector
Authors: Tiwari Sadhana , Priyadarshi Abhishek , Agarwal Priyanka , Nitendra Nitendra , Chaturvedi Sharad
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this research paper is to take a systematic methodology to identify the main banking workforce difficulties and challenges that banks face as a result of technological disruption, which involves a literature analysis, absorption of consulting reports, and performing a perception poll. This research focuses on the workforce problems in both the sector’s banks.The current research for assessing the impact regression, path analysis, and Acyclic Behavior Change Diagrams (ABCDs) methods were adopted and 200 public and private sector banks have been selected in research. The basics of banking are probably going to change as a result of block chain, robotics, and artificial intelligence. Recent technology improvements have exposed the bank workforce to a number of issues.
Implementation of Solar Based Multipurpose Agriculture Robot using Random Forest Algorithm
Authors: Prof. Aabhale B. A.  , Mr. Mitke Samadhan  , Mr. Chavan Sunil  , Mr. Phatangare Navnath  , Mr. Thorat Mangesh
Published: April 2024

In India nearly about 70 percentage of people are depending on agriculture. Numerous operations are performed in the agricultural field like seed sowing, grass cutting, ploughing etc. The present methods of seed sowing, pesticide spraying and grass cutting are difficult. It is because of lack of awareness towards soil i.e., which crop should be grown on particular area. All these factors will make the farmers not to do the farming in an efficient way. The equipment's used for above actions are expensive and inconvenient to handle. So the agricultural system in India should be encouraged by developing a system which will reduce the man power and time. This work aims to design, develop and design of the robot which can sow the seeds, cut the grass and spray the pesticides, this whole system is powered by solar energy. This proposed system will do operations like seed sowing, pesticide spraying, solar panel for getting the energy to run the robot etc. The total work should be done with a most emerging technology like Machine learning. In this we are using a random forest algorithm concept for getting an efficient output which will be more helpful to the farmers and output can be displayed with a mobile app so that he/she can see the details of the field in an easier manner.
Landslide Update and Conflict Avoidance System for Vehicles in Deep Curves
Authors: Prof. Naveen Kumar H  , Rakshitha M  , Shravani P Yadagiri  , Tejaswini B Patil
Published: April 2024

The advancements of technology in artificial intelligence and in this project plays a major role for the purpose of natural disasters like landslides. Landslides are a catastrophic disaster worldwide that alter from terrain to terrain. This paper is an attempt with regard to the expansion of a landslide susceptible approach by using accelerometer sensor and rain sensor is used for detecting heavy rainfall. Landslide is one of the hazardous and critical geographical process, which damages to civil infrastructure and property as well as causes loss of life. Upon detecting the landslide condition or heavy rains it warns on display as a message and closes gates on either sides of ghat till road condition gets normal, in this situation the motor operated gates are fixed upon each sides for free passage of vehicles from one side to other side. And, a siren buzzer that alerts the civilians in hilly and proned regions, this might save thousands of lives. Also, this project aims to decrease the number of accidents that occur on curved roadways. To do this, a warning is displayed as a vehicle approaches from the other side of the bend serves as a message to the driver.
CFD Analysis and Validation of Axial Compressor Rotor Blade
Authors: Prof. S. Q. Syed  , Mr. Nayan G. Chandankhede  , Mr. Mayur G. Sawdekar  , Mr. Manthan P. Tadke  , Mr. Aditya D. Gite  , Mr. Piyush V. Raut
Published: April 2024

This research paper employs computational simulations to investigate the consequences of inlet flow distortion, focusing specifically on inlet swirl and total pressure distortion, on the operational characteristics and robustness of an axial transonic compressor. Various permutations of inlet swirl and total pressure distortion are examined, uncovering diverse impacts on the compressor's operational robustness and efficiency. The analysis demonstrates that while co-swirl configurations marginally enhance the operational robustness of the compressor, counter-swirl configurations tend to diminish it. The combination of the effects of individual distortion patterns can provide insights into certain aspects of how a composite pattern of distortion would affect the compressor's efficiency, yet this approach falls short in accurately evaluating the compressor's operational robustness when subjected to a composite distortion pattern.
Hydroponics Monitoring and Control System
Authors: Y. Sreeja  , A. Nikhitha  , M. Sruthi  , P. Kamalakar  , D. Bhargav
Published: April 2024

This paper presents the design and construction of a hydroponics monitoring system that can collect parameters of hydroponic systems, such as temperature, water limit, pH level, and nutrient levels. The monitoring system was developed using an ESP32 microcontroller and several sensors, including total dissolved solids (TDS), pH, water level, and temperature sensors. The ESP32 microcontroller gathers and processes data from the sensors to automatically activate the water or salt pump and drain the necessary materials into the hydroponic system's plant basin. The user can then view the hydroponic parameters through the Blynk application on a smart phone. The user can also activate the pumps for water, nutrients, or salt using the application's interface on a smart phone, or the ESP32 microcontroller can activate them automatically if the parameter values deviate from the required values
Smart Driver Monitoring System using Deep Learning
Authors: Sakthivel V  , Rohan Jacob John
Published: April 2024

This research introduces a monitoring system that leverages deep learning methodologies, to analyze and interpret facial features to assess the driver’s alertness. With the rapid advancement of technology especially in automobiles this type of monitoring can be employed in all types of vehicles. The proposed system employs deep learning models like YOLOv8 to detect the state of alertness of the driver. This project aims to achieve this by training the deep learning model on a custom dataset with varying background noise to train the model as accurately as possible. Various performance metrics and evaluations will be done to evaluate the accuracy of the model to integrate it into automobiles. This holds great promise for revolutionizing intelligent transportation systems, automotive technologies, regulatory frameworks, public policies, and societal initiatives aimed at improving road safety, driver well-being, and operational excellence on a global scale, ushering in a safer, more efficient, and sustainable transportation ecosystem.
House Price Prediction using Machine Learning
Authors: Mahesh Yadav  , Nageshwari Gaudgaonkar  , Simran Shaikh  , Tukaram Kore  , Suhas Salgar  , A. S. Shimpi
Published: April 2024

Machine Learning plays a virtual role from past years in normal speech command, product recommendation. This all of things shows that ML is trending technology in almost all fields so we are trying to coined up ML in our project. Nowadays the real estate market is a standout amongst the most focused regarding pricing and keep fluctuating. People are looking to buy a new home with their budgets and by analyzing market strategies. But main disadvantage of current system is to calculate a price of house without necessary prediction about future market trends and result is price increase. So, the main aim of our project is to predict accurate price of house without any loss. There are many factors that have to be taken into consideration for predicting house price and try to predict efficient house pricing for customers with respect to their budget as well as also according to their priorities. So, we are creating a housing cost prediction model. By using Machine learning algorithms like Linear Regression. This model will help people to put resources into a bequest without moving towards a broker. The result of this research gives maximum accuracy.