bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EVALUATION OF ANTINOCICEPTIVE ACTIVITY, ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES AND TOTAL PHENOLIC CONTENT OF THE ETHANOLIC EXTRACTS OF RHUS PENTAPHYLLA LEAVES AND FRUITS FROM MOROCCO
Authors: Agouram F , Sokar Z , Chait A
Published: August 2023

The aims of study were to investigate the analgesic, antioxidant activities of Rhus pentaphylla ethanolic extracts (leaves and fruits). Three animal models were used to evaluate the possible analgesic effect such as, hot plate, writhing and formalin tests. The antioxidant activity of both extracts were evaluated using DPPH and FRAP tests. Total phenolic compounds, condensed tannins and flavonoids were also estimated. Our findings demonstrates that ethanolic extracts of Rhus pentaphylla possess an analgesic remarkable effect of leaves followed by fruits in all experimental models, in hot plate assay time of latency was increased significantly (p≤0.001) in treated groups at all doses in comparison to the negative control. In writhing test, treated animals by both extracts at all pharmacological doses demonstrates notable reduction (p≤0.001) of writhing numbers. Concerning formalin test, administration of Rhus pentaphylla extracts reduce significantly (p≤0.001) licking time in both phases indicates a possible central and peripheral mechanisms respectively. Moreover, leaves extract possess an important antioxidant capacity (IC50= 47,20 ± 0,23 µg/ml; IC50= 64,10 ± 0,73 µg/ml for DPPH and FRAP assays respectively) than fruits extract (IC= 55,24 ± 0,26 µg/ml; IC50= 75,30 ± 1,01 µg/ml). This last recorded activity due to the amount of total polyphenols in leaves (13,25 ± 0,01 mg GAE/g DW) as compared to the fruits (12,97 ± 0,26 mg GAE/g DW).
Keywords: Rhus pentaphylla; antinociceptive activity; antioxidant capacity; total phenolic compounds.
CONTRIBUTION OF IMPROVING NITROGEN USE EFFICIENCY TO AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS IN EUROPE
Authors: Ozbek F.S.
Published: August 2023

Contribution of improving nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) to the European agricultural economy was evaluated for the year 2020 for all European countries. For this purpose, the economic benefit of using fewer nitrogenous mineral fertilizers has been revealed for a 5% improvement in NUE and attaining maximum NUE. The Eurostat/OECD gross nutrient balance methodology was used to calculate NUE values and the amount of nitrogenous mineral fertilizer that will be used less when the NUE is improved. The results showed that improving NUE would result in significant economic benefits; even if NUE was improved by 20%, the benefit would be greater than half the cost of purchasing nitrogenous mineral fertilizers. Yearly economic benefits from purchasing nitrogenous mineral fertilizers in Europe would be 2.6 and 10.7 billion euros for a 5% improvement in NUE and a maximum NUE in 2020, respectively. According to the findings of the study, increasing NUE by reducing N mineral fertilizer use would result in significant economic benefits.
Key Words: Nitrogen Use Efficiency, Nitrogenous Mineral Fertilizers, Economic Benefit, Agricultural Economics, Europe
Pengaruh Flexible Working Space dan Flexible Working Time terhadap Kinerja Tim melalui Kerja Sama Tim pada Perusahaan Pengembangan Perangkat Lunak di Indonesia
Authors: Susanto Benny , Bangun Wilson
Published: August 2023

The terms flexible working space and flexible working time have become popular recently after the occurrence of the COVID-19 pandemic and the emergence of technology startup companies that adopt a new work model where work arrangements are flexible in terms of both place (Flexible Working Space) and time (Flexible Working Time). However, there are concerns from management regarding the decline in employee performance if these work arrangements are adopted, due to a decrease in team collaboration effectiveness caused by separate workspaces (flexispace). This article aims to examine the impact of Flexible Working Space and Flexible Working Time on team performance through team collaboration in software development companies in Indonesia and contribute by providing findings on the impact of flexible work arrangements in terms of place and time that can be useful for companies that have or will implement flexible work systems and require information regarding the impact of such work arrangements. The population consists of team leads/managers from across Indonesia who are part of various software developer communities. Data was collected using convenience sampling technique through a questionnaire. The number of samples used was 97. The data analysis method used is PLS-SEM with the assistance of SmartPLS software.
Prevalence and Effects of Dysmenorrhea on Academic Performance among Secondary School Girls in Pokhara Metropolitan, Kaski
Authors: Poudel Binita , Kumar Koirala Arun
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Dysmenorrhea is the most common gynecological problem among females, and it is defined as cramping pain in the lower abdomen occurring just before or during menstruation. The study aims to assess the prevalence of dysmenorrhea and its effects among secondary school girls in Pokhara Metropolitan, Kaski.

Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among 347 participants from 12 public secondary schools of Pokhara metropolitan city studying in grades 11 and 12 using semi-structured questionnaire. A standard tool, Visual Analog Scale (VAS), was used to assess the severity of pain felt by the participants. Data were entered in Epi-Data and analyzed in SPSS version 20.

Results: The prevalence of dysmenorrhea among secondary school girls was 74.4%. Of them mild, moderate, and severe dysmenorrhea accounted 20.5%, 53.5%, and 26%, respectively. Lower abdominal pain (86.8%) was the most common symptom, followed by back pain (62%). The menstrual cycle was regular among 68% of the participants. More than half (56.2%) of the participants had a positive family history of dysmenorrhea whereas, 71.3% had an occurrence of dysmenorrhea more frequently (every month). The most (84.1%) of the participants had menstrual pain on the first day; among them, 46.5% had remaining menstrual pain up to two days. Pattern of menstrual cycle, (AOR 2.860; 95% CI: 1.491-5.484), Positive family history of dysmenorrhea, (AOR 4.759; 95% CI: 2.746-8.246), intake of coffee 1-2 times per day; (AOR 0.345; 95% CI: 0.058-2.056) had statistically significant association with the prevalence of dysmenorrhea.

Conclusion: Nearly three-quarters of the secondary school girls experience dysmenorrhea. Dysmenorrhea tends to be more common among secondary school girls with a family history of dysmenorrhea and history of irregular menstruation
Investigation of the temperature factor on the formation of a strip surface micro-relief during warm rolling
Authors: Kulik Tetiana
Published: August 2023

Kulik T. A. Investigation of the temperature factor on the formation of a strip surface micro-relief during warm rolling

The temperature is studied as a factor that affects the formation of the micro-relief of the strip, which was rolled with heat. Various schemes for heating the strip to the required temperature are considered. A mathematical model of the temperature distribution over the thickness of the strip and along the length of the deformation zone is obtained. The temperature distribution along the height and length of the deformation zone is not the same. Our studies have shown that the heating scheme is better when the heater is inside the roll. This is better because it gives a smaller temperature spread along the length of the deformation zone. That is, you can better use temperature as a factor. The roughness of the strip during warm rolling is influenced by several factors. If we consider the process with the final tempering, then one of the main factors is temperature. We studied how temperature affects the printability coefficient of the micro-relief from rolls to metal. Experiments were carried out to confirm the results. The experiment consisted in indentation a single indenter into a metal sample. Indenters of various shapes were used, similar to the shape of single micro-protrusions of the real relief of the work rolls. The sample was heated to different temperatures in the drying box, then the depth of its indentation was measured. Experimental studies have shown an almost linear dependence of the penetration depth on temperature, that is, the dependence of the printability coefficient on temperature. This form of dependence was observed for all forms of the indenter, although with different intensity. So, we can confidently say that the temperature factor can be used to control the parameters of the strip roughness that is needed. To do this, at the final stage of the technological chain of rolling, which is temper rolling, you can use the work rolls of the desired micro-relief, and the strip of the desired temperature.
Перспективний напрям локального формоутворення – суміщене штампування обкочуванням
Authors: Gozhii Serhii , Myronenko Vitalii
Published: August 2023

Гожій С. П., Мироненко В. А. Перспективний напрям локального формоутворення – суміщене штампування обкочуванням

Багаторічні дослідження процесу штампування обкочуванням, відпрацювання технологічних процесів обробки та розробка обладнання і оснащення, які проводяться на кафедрі технології виробництва літальних апаратів науково-навчального механіко-машинобудівного інституту Національного технічного університету  “Київський політехнічний інститут імені Ігоря Сікорського“, призвели до реєстрації і накопичення випадків, коли зразки зазнавали руйнування. Саме характерне руйнування при штампуванні обкочуванням стало підставою до розповсюдження традиційного процесу за рахунок якісних ефектів. Специфічне силове та циклове навантаження при локальному деформуванні викликають нетипове, на перший погляд, в порівнянні з звичайним стисканням, руйнування. В статті наведені експериментальні результати досліджень та характерні руйнування зразків. Найбільш поширеним видом руйнування при штампуванні обкочування є утворення центральної лунки. Розглянута фізична модель при пластичному формоутворенні та надані детальні пояснення таким проявам процесу як руйнування центральної частини. Запропоновані заходи запобігання та позитивного застосування. Одним з варіантів застосування є утворення нових процесів і обладнання. що суміщають два принцеси і дозволяють отримати нову якість та розширити технологічні можливості. Новий технологічний процес і схема обробки суміщеного штампування обкочування та прошивання змодельовані із застосуванням методу скінчених елементів для групи типових деталей. Результати моделювання підтвердили базові передумови. Технологічний процес готується до виробничого впровадження.
Оцінка деформовності матеріалу заготовок при прямому видавлюванні методом штампування обкочуванням
Authors: Mikhalevich Volodymyr , Matviychuk Viktor , Kolisnyk Mykola
Published: August 2023

Михалевич В. М., Матвійчук В. А., Колісник М. А. Оцінка деформовності матеріалу заготовок при прямому видавлюванні методом штампування обкочуванням

В статті приведені результати розробки і дослідження технологічної схеми прямого видавлювання методом штампування обкочуванням конічним валком для отримання складно профільних заготовок. Оскільки технологічні можливості при цьому залежать від деформовності матеріалу, то був проведений аналіз напружено-деформованого стану заготовок з використанням методу сіток, вимірювання твердості та мікроструктурного аналізу. Головним результатом аналізу стала побудова шляхів деформування часток матеріалу заготовок в координатах «інтенсивність деформацій – показник напруженого стану». Встановлені зони заготовок, які деформуються в умовах «жорсткого» напруженого стану, тому саме для цих зон проведена оцінка деформовності металів. Для оцінки деформовності матеріалу заготовок побудували модель накопичення пошкоджень, що базується на критерії В. Огороднікова  та певної методики побудови апроксимації кривої граничних деформацій. З результатів дослідження деформовності матеріалу заготовок випливає, що у порівнянні з лінійним принципом накопичення пошкоджень, розрахунок за моделлю, що базується на критерії В. А. Огороднікова знижує розрахункове значення граничної деформації. В той же час призначення параметру нелінійності накопичення пошкодження значень, що задовольняють умові , призводить до підвищення розрахункового значення граничної деформації у порівнянні з лінійним принципом накопичення пошкоджень.
Керування параметрами ЕГ-навантаження для штампування листових деталей з мінімальним жолобленням
Authors: Taranenko Mykhailo , Naryzhnyi Olexandr
Published: August 2023

Тараненко М. Є., Нарижний О. Г.  Керування параметрами ЕГ-навантаження для штампування листових деталей  з мінімальним жолобленням

Розглянуто механізм розподілу остаточних напружень, що виникають при деформуванні листової заготівки. Моделювання процесу ЕГ-штампування проводиться для умов послідовного локального формоутворення великогабаритних деталей. Такий процес здійснюється в багатоконтурних ЕГ-пресах з багатоелектродними розрядними блоками. В цих типах пресів реалізується можливість керування навантаженням у просторі та часі. Керування здійснюється шляхом зміни місця та часу зміщення розрядів відносно один одного.

Дослідження проводилися з використанням методів численного моделювання із застосуванням програмного продукту LS-DYNA разом з методом ALE. Моделювання проводилося в тривимірної постановці з оригінальними граничними умовами.

Відзначається, що у процесі деформування заготівки трьома ЕГ-розрядами, головні деформації у точках верхньої, серединної та нижньої поверхонь заготовки значно відрізняються за величиною та місцем розташування відносно епіцентрів навантаження.

Показано, що для зниження рівня залишкових напружень, що призводять до жолоблення деталей, порожнину деталей слід формоутворювати з меншою інтенсивністю навантаження, але з більшою кількістю циклів навантаження.

Отримані результати показують, що процес деформування листової заготовки, що навантажується імпульсним силовим полем, носить переважно коливальний характер внаслідок проходження поздовжніх і поперечних хвиль деформацій

Моделювання з малим шагом за часом (~10-8 с) показало, що деформування є складним нелінійним процесом та супроводжується коливаннями напружень з різними періодами. Для оптимізації процесу штампування необхідно узгоджувати поведінку заготовки з частотою навантаження.
Sekizinci Sınıf Öğrencilerinin Cisimler Arasında Kurduğu İlişkiler
Authors: ERGİN AYDOĞDU Ayşe Simge , TÜRNÜKLÜ Elif
Published: August 2023

Bir kavramın sadece tanımlanması ya da seçenekler arasından tanınması bireyin o kavramı kendi zihninde yapılandırdığını göstermeyebilir. Çünkü öğrenme kavramı, bireyin tanımlayabilmesinin yanında benzer kavramları birbiriyle karşılaştırarak benzer ve farklı özelliklerini söylemesini de içerir. Bu amaçla çalışmada, sekizinci sınıf öğrencilerinin geometrik cisimler arasında kurduğu ilişkiler incelenmiştir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda öğrencilerden prizma ile piramidi, koni ile silindiri, koni ile piramidi, kare prizma ile küpü, dikdörtgenler prizması ile kare prizmayı karşılaştırmaları istenmiştir. Nitel araştırma yöntemleri kullanılarak araştırma gerçekleşmiştir. Araştırmada gönüllü sekizinci sınıf öğrencileri (n=8) yer almıştır; yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme tekniği ile veriler toplanmıştır. Araştırma kapsamında hazırlanan görüşme formunda yer alan açık uçlu sorularla, öğrencilerden önce cisimleri tanımlamaları ardından ikişerli olarak cisimleri karşılaştırarak aralarındaki benzer ve farklı yönlerini ifade etmeleri sağlanmıştır. Araştırmada elde edilen bulgulara göre öğrenciler geometrik cisimleri daha çok yüzey özelliklerine göre karşılaştırmıştır. Karşılaştırmalarda bazı kavram yanılgılarına rastlanmıştır. Sonuç olarak cisimler arasında kurulan ilişkilerde cisimlere ait kritik özelliklerin arka planda kaldığını görülmüştür.
Okul Yöneticilerinin Görüşlerine Göre İlkokulların Finansman Sorununun “Eğitimde Fırsat Eşitliği İlkesi” Bağlamında İncelenmesi
Authors: KELEŞ Osman , KÖYBAŞI ŞEMİN Fatma
Published: August 2023

Bu çalışma ilkokullardaki mali kaynak sorununun eğitime ve öğrencilerin fırsat eşitliğine yansımalarının değerlendirilmesini amaçlamaktadır. Nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden durum araştırması şeklinde yürütülen araştırmanın çalışma grubunu Tokat ili Turhal ilçesinde kamu okullarında görev yapan 15 ilkokul yöneticisi oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunun oluşturulmasında amaçlı örnekleme yöntemlerinden aykırı durum örneklemesi tercih edilmiştir. Çalışmanın verileri yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formuyla toplanmış ve elde edilen veriler betimsel analiz kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda ilkokullardaki finansman sorununun 1980 sonrası izlenen neoliberal politikalar, değişime direnen muhafazakâr yapı ve merkezi yönetim anlayışıyla ilişkilendirildiği görülmüştür. Ayrıca finansman kaynağı oluşturma çabalarının öğretmen ve okul yöneticisi kimliğine zarar verdiği, okulları nitelik olarak ayrıştırdığı, öğrencilerin eşit eğitim alma olanağını sınırlayarak fırsat eşitsizliğine yol açtığı sonuçlarına ulaşılmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında ilkokullarda yıllık öğrenci başı maliyetin hesaplanması ve okulun bulunduğu sosyoekonomik çevrenin niteliğine göre adil bir bütçenin okul bazlı tahsisi yönünde düzenlemelere gidilmesi önerilmektedir.
A Framework for Open World Object Detection
Authors: Shaheen Khadija , Hanif Muhammad Abdullah , Hasan Osman , Shafique Muhammad
Published: August 2023

Open World Object Detection (OWOD) is a computer vision task that focuses on real-world scenarios where object detection algorithms need to not only detect known and labeled objects but also handle novel and unknown objects that were not seen during training. This distinguishes OWOD from traditional object detection benchmarks, where the scope is limited to detecting only known object classes. The main challenge in OWOD lies in detecting and classifying unknown objects, which were not part of the training data. In standard object detection, objects not overlapping with labeled objects are automatically classified as background. However, these approaches are not suitable for OWOD, as unknown objects may be wrongly predicted as background due to the lack of specific supervision for distinguishing unknown objects from the background. The paper proposes a novel framework for Open World Object Detection called Open World Object Detection based on Non-Parametric classification (OWOD-NP). This method aims to address the challenges of identifying unknown objects and extending the knowledge base by incrementally introducing new object categories. OWOD-NP incorporates a non-parametric learning approach based on mean prototypes and rejection criteria into a standard detector model. The non-parametric learning model allows the system to detect whether the perceived region contains an unknown object and perform incremental learning in an end-to-end manner. The extensive experiments conducted on the benchmark dataset of Pascal Visual Object Classes (VOC) validate the effectiveness of OWOD-NP. Compared to the standard faster RCNN model, OWOD-NP achieves approximately 14% higher mean Average Precision (mAP) in class incremental scenarios. This improvement showcases the capability of OWOD-NP to handle open-world object detection tasks more efficiently. By combining non-parametric learning with object detection, OWOD-NP provides a promising solution for open-world scenarios, where the environment is dynamic and new objects may appear over time. The ability to detect and classify both known and unknown objects makes OWOD-NP a valuable approach for real-world applications in robotics, autonomous systems, and other computer vision tasks. It allows for continuous adaptation and learning, enabling the system to extend its knowledge and cope with ever-changing environments effectively.
The Effect of Valerian Root Extract on Reducing Dysmenorrhea Pain Levels and Endorphin Hormone Levels in Women of Childbearing Age
Authors: Pratiwi Shinny Ria
Published: August 2023

Dysmenorrhea is pain in the stomach that interferes with activities. The incidence of dysmenorrhea is 64.25% of the total number of fertile women. Dysmenorrhea causes complaints of weakness, to anxiety due to severe cramps. Dysmenorrhea treatment can be carried out non-pharmacologically with valerian root extract which can have a relaxing effect on the central nervous system, reduce stress and anxiety, and improve sleep quality. This study aimed to analyze the effect of valerian root extract on dysmenorrhea pain levels and endorphins levels in women of childbearing age. This study used an experimental design with a pretest posttest randomized control group design. Sampling using simple sampling technique was divided into 2 groups to measure the intensity of menstrual pain. The intervention group 18 people were given valerian root extract and the control group 18 people were given standard drugs for the treatment of dysmenorrhea. Giving valerian root extract 100 mg was effective in reducing the level of dysmenorrhea pain, p<0.05. Endorphin levels in the intervention group differed from the control group by, p <0.05. Giving valerian root extract is effective in reducing dysmenorrhea pain and increasing endorphins in women of childbearing age.
Fibrodisplasia Osificante Progresiva: Reporte de Primer Caso Guatemalteco
Authors: Orozco Orozco Marcela Elizabeth , Yurrita Pocasangre Anna , Sandoval Vargas María Antonieta , Cabrera Valverde Julio Rafael
Published: August 2023

La Fibrodisplasia Osificante Progresiva (FOP) es una enfermedad rara, compleja, de herencia autosómica dominante, causada por una mutación heterocigota del gen ACVR1 en el cromosoma 2q24 (OMIM 135100), con una prevalencia de 1 en 2 millones en todo el mundo. Se caracteriza por osificaciones heterotópicas progresivas que involucran músculo esquelético, fascias, tendones y ligamentos. El diagnóstico se basa en la historia clínica y lesiones en los tejidos blandos. Los estudios de imágenes respaldan la identificación de dichas osificaciones. Se confirma mediante el análisis de ADN del gen ACVR1 por medio de secuenciación. Actualmente no existe una terapia definitiva y curativa. El objetivo de este artículo es presentar el caso clínico de una niña de 3 años con el diagnóstico clínico y radiológico de FOP.
Obesidad : Un breve repaso a su tratamiento
Authors: Tulio Rodríguez Jorge
Published: August 2023

Controlar el peso excesivo ha sido reconocido como una mejora en la calidad de vida. La obesidad es considerada como una enfermedad en la que hay una respuesta inadecuada del cerebro para evitar la emaciación.  El consumo de calorías en excesodemasía produce acumulación excesiva de grasa corporal. El sobrepeso (no obesidad), se define como IMC de 25.0 a 29.9. Obesidad clase 1 (de bajo riesgo), si el IMC es de 30 a 34.9. Obesidad clase 2 (riesgo moderado), si el IMC es de 35 a 39.9. Obesidad clase 3 (de alto riesgo), si el IMC es igual o mayor a 40.
THE ANTECEDENTS AND CONSEQUENCES OF WORK ENGAGEMENT ON TEACHER: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Halawa Forman , Anggraini Elfira Nadya , Yulianti Praptini
Published: August 2023

Work engagement is an important study in human resource management related to organizational productivity. Many factors that influence work engagement have been studied. In particular, this study maps the factors that influence work engagement in teachers and the resulting consequences. Contribution made to the literature on work engagement through a description of the antecedents and consequences of work engagement for teachers. This study used the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) approach. Eight eligible studies were collected and selected for further analysis. The selected articles were obtained through the Scopus and ScienceDirect databases. The results of the analysis show that there are 12 antecedents of Work Engagement in teachers that come from individual, leadership and organizational factors. It was also found that there are 7 consequences of Work Engagement on teachers that affect the level of teacher involvement in the workplace. The results of the analysis found that the scope of work engagement for teachers differs from various levels of the organization, from elementary schools to tertiary institutions. This study has implications for knowing the antecedents and consequences of Work Engagement on teacher to improve the quality of education.
Tinjauan Penerapan Metode Full Costing Dalam Perhitungan Harga Pokok Produksi Sebagai Dasar Penetapan Harga Jual Produk
Authors: Fahmie Arief , Deliyana Deliyana
Published: August 2023

PT. Jakarana Tama merupakan perusahaan manufaktur yang bergerak dibidang industri makanan, salah satu produk yang di produksi PT. Jakarana Tama yaitu produk otak-otak. Harga pokok produksi merupakan hal penting dalam penentuan harga jual. Metode pendekatan full costing merupakan salah satu alternatif yang digunakan dalam penetapan harga pokok produksi otak-otak. Tujuan dari pembahasan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perhitungan harga pokok produksi dengan metode full costing dan penetapan harga jual produk otak-otak pada PT. Jakarana Tama. Dari hasil peninjauan yang dilakukan, menunjukkan bahwa perhitungan harga pokok produksi dengan metode full costing pada PT. Jakarana Tama sudah sesuai dengan teori. Dengan memperhitungkan seluruh unsur-unsur biaya seperti biaya bahan baku langsung, biaya tenaga kerja langsung, dan biaya overhead pabrik yang bersifat tetap maupun variabel. Penetapan harga jual pada PT. Jakarana Tama didasarkan atas perhitungan harga pokok produksi, dengan menggunakan metode cost pluspricing.
Analisis Tingkat Resiko Dan Imbal Hasil Saham Terhadap Pembentukan Portofolio Optimal
Authors: Soelehan Aan , Yudha Andi , Chandra Bella Dian
Published: August 2023

This research is conducted to determine the optimum portfolio and analyze the risks and returns that will be yieldedfrom six shares in selected stocks based on the most stable movements in the last three years. The data used in this study are secondary data obtained from Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). The analysis techniques are using formulas in a portfolio started with calculating the risk and returns to determine stocks classified in the optimum portfolio through ERB calculation. In the year 2010, of the six shares researched, there are 4 shares included in optimum portfolios, which are Bank Danamon Indonesia Tbk, with 39.36% portion of investment, United Tractors Tbk with 49.3%, Aneka Tambang (Persero) Tbk with 2.33% and Bank Mandiri (Persero) Tbk with 9.01 %. In the year 2011, there are 3 shares included in the optimum portfolios, which are Perusahaan Gas Negara (Persero) Tbk with 11.95% portions United Tractors Tbk. with 73.80% and Medco Energi Intemasional Tbk with 14.25%. in the year 2012 of the six shares studied only one share has the ERB value > Ci, thus cannot form optimum porfolio due to share member used do not meet the criteria.

Keywords: Rate ofReturn, Risk, Optimum Portfolio
Pengaruh Hutang Jangka Panjang Terhadap Kinerja Perusahaan (Profitabilitas) Di Sektor Industri Makanan Dan Minuman
Authors: Effendi Marwan , Hidayat Lukman , Sumardimansyah Ardi
Published: August 2023

In the current economic many businesses both large and small businesses in the capital using funds from external sources such as credit or debt. Long-term debt typically arises because of the need for additional funds for the purchase offixed asses; increase the number ofpermanent working capital, buying another company or perhaps to pay of other debs. In managing the profitability of a company that uses long-term debt is planned to determine or establish funds towards investment. The purpose of this study is to determine the results of analyzing the effect of long-term debt on firm perfomance (profitability). The results showed pattially that free variable has no significant effect on the independent variable. The coeficients determination show that there are other variables detennining the returns or profitability. While the establishment of the regression equation sugests that if there is an addition of one-unit on the Longterm Debt Equity the Retum on Equity will decrease.

Keywords: long-tem debt, profitability
Pengaruh Citra Merek Dan Kualitas Produk Teh Botol Sosro Terhadap Loyalitas Pelanggan
Authors: Wijaya Titus Haryanto , Fadillah Adil
Published: August 2023

This research is aimed to find out the influence of brand image toward customer loyalty of Teh Botol Sosro. The data used in this research were primary data. Samples were taken by Slovin fomula. Data processing and data analysis used SPSS program and double regression test.From double regression analysis, show that if brand image is 1 then the customer loyalty will increase 0,922 and ifproduct quality is 1 then the customer loyalty will increase 0,263. The result of correlation coeficient show r = 0,960, it means that there is a significant correlation bemeen brand image and product quality toward customer loyalty. The result of determination coeficient analysis show that brand image and product quality contributes 92,3% to customer loyalty and the other 7,7% is determined by otherfactors.

Keywords : Brand Image, Product Quality, Customer Loyalty
Analisis Kebijakan Dividen Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Harga Saham Perusahaan
Authors: Munawar Aang , Basyarewan Ulvi Nursally
Published: August 2023

Financial management within a company must consider the welfare of the shareholders, in addition to the growth of the company must keep and maintain the viability of the company, management will be faced with the decision of the profit utilization. Two main alternatives to the use of profits are distributed as dividends or retained earnings. The decision is what is known as dividend policy, which determines how large a proportion of profits to be distributed as dividends. The purpose of this study is to determine the dividend policy, company,s growth and company's stock price on Sector Consumer Goods Indusfry with Sub. Sector Food and Beverages listed Stock Exchange of Indonesia and to determine the effect of dividend policy to the growth and stock price for 4 years, is during 2010 to 2013. This study proves that the partial dividend policy (X) had no significant effect on the growth of company (Y1), and dividend policy (X) had no significant effect on stock price of company(Y2)

Key Words : Dividend Policy, Growth, Stock Price.
ANALISIS LEVERAGE TERHADAP KEMAMPULABAAN DAN NILAI PERUSAHAAN
Authors: Hidayat Lukman , Desury Dita
Published: August 2023

Leverage is the use of sources of equity funds (equity) or in other words the company uses debt as a result of the use of the debt which will appear as fixed costs borne by the company and profitability is an indicator of how well a company generate profits or gains, while the value of the company refers to the level of confidence society to a company. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence and leverage relationships (X) to profitability (Y1) and Value (Y2) which is engaged in coal mining, namely PT Tambang Bukit Asam Tbk, PT Bumi Resources, Tbk, and PT ATPK Resources, Tbk the study period from 2003 to 2012. Leverage that I use is the Degree of Operating Leverage (DOL), while for the profitability using retum on equity (ROE) and value the company using the Price Earnings Ratio (PER). The analytical method used is the ratio analysis method and test through SPSS 20.0 is correlation, coeficient of determination and regression coeficients. The results of this study are, leverage has a significant connection to the profitability of 0.005 or 5%, while leverage on firm value has no significant relationship was 0.290 or 29.0%. Influence between leverage on profitability is stronger than the influence of leverage on finn value .

Keywords: Leverage, profitability, Corporate Value
Anaisis Resiko Penjualan, Perputaran Piutang Terhadap Profitabilitas Perusahaan
Authors: Supriadi Yoyon , Yuridhiska Ghesti
Published: August 2023

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of the risk of sales, accounts receivable turnover to the company's profitability. case studies on PT.Tiga Pilar Sejahtera Tbk, PT.Mayora Indah Tbk, and Aneka Niaga Tbk PT.Prasidha. To determine how much influence the risk of sales, accounts receivable turnover to the company profitabilias PT.Tiga Pilar Sejahtera Tbk, PT.Mayora Indah Tbk, and PT.Prasidha Aneka Niaga Tbk.

The results showed that PT.Tiga Pilar Sejahtera Tbk, PT.Mayora Indah Tbk, and PT.Prasidha Aneka Niaga Tbk has a value of R Square of 0.313 or 31.3% of sales and that means risk variables were able to explain the variable accounts receivable turnover of 0,313 corporate profitability or 31.3%. While the remaining 0.687 or 68.7% is influenced by other factors.

Evaluation results of this study indicate that PT.Tiga Pilar Sejahtera Tbk, PT.Mayora Indah Tbk, and PT.Prasidha Aneka Niaga Tbk are expected to be more effective in managing their receivables turnover to increase sale, thus profits generate will have more leverage and profitability can be increased.

Keywords: Risk Sales, Accounts Receivable Turnover, Profitability
A EDUCAÇÃO BRASILEIRA: HISTÓRIA E HISTORIOGRAFIA EM PERSPECTIVA
Authors: Bonfim Paulo Ricardo
Published: August 2023

Este estudo tem como objetivo oferecer uma apreciação crítica das pesquisas que vêm se dedicando ao estudo histórico das instituições educacionais, forjando, ao distinguir-se como abordagem no campo da história educacional, objetos e repertórios teórico-metodológicos próprios e demandando , ao passo que se consolida no interior de programas de pós-graduação, a sistematização de fontes diversas de pesquisas. Nesse sentido, apontamos alguns estudos que se inscrevem nessa vertente de modo a explorar a diferenciação teórico-metodológica, sondar possíveis influências ou afinidades em relação à nouvelle histoire e aquilatar seu potencial explicativo. Subsidiando os propósitos deste artigo, de forma a contextualizar a escrita da história da educação brasileira e, no interior deste campo, a constituição recente de linhas de pesquisas centradas na história das instituições educacionais, evocamos, recuando no tempo, alguns textos de grande valor nesta história educacional, seja pelo caráter precursor de alguns estudos em relação à escrita dessa história, servindo de base e fonte às primeiras pesquisas em contexto acadêmico, seja pela influência que alguns trabalhos exerceram sobre pesquisadores, fornecendo, não raro, chaves de leitura em pesquisas desenvolvidas já no âmbito dos programas de pós-graduação, cuja ressonância pode ser identificada em importantes estudos, fornecendo modelos interpretativos ou fomentando, ainda hoje, revisões críticas. O presente trabalho não pretende, evidentemente, fornecer uma leitura definitiva das obras e personalidades que ajudaram a escrever a história da educação em nosso país, tampouco visa oferecer um balanço preciso da história das instituições educacionais no cenário brasileiro, tarefa que exigira um estudo exaustivo da produção nessa linha de investigação. Todavia, não obstante o caráter preliminar deste estudo, acreditamos sê-lo de grande valia, sobretudo aos interessados em avançar nos domínios da pesquisa em história da educação, por fornecer uma leitura – certamente parcial, mas não inconclusa – desse campo epistêmico como construção histórico-social. Na busca de um panorama crítico acerca do desenvolvimento da escrita da história da educação brasileira, dos primeiros trabalhos que se dedicaram a esse propósito, no final do século dezenove, até as produções mais recentes nos programas de pós-graduação, destacamos alguns estudos – um roteiro de leitura, dentre outros possíveis – a partir dos quais procuramos analisar essa historiografia evidenciando os contextos sócio-históricos distintos, os recursos metodológicos, os objetos e recortes privilegiados, identificando continuidades e mudanças nas produções nesse campo de pesquisa.
Cap VIII. Redacción: herramienta clave para la generación de conocimiento
Authors: Tejada Arana Arístides Alfonso , Incasoller Vilca Carlos Andrés César , Landaure Gonzales Gladys Consuelo Esperanza , Salcedo Chambergo Pedro Ismael de la Cruz
Published: August 2023

La generación de conocimiento es una función de gran relevancia para las instituciones educativas, pues a través de ella se pueden solucionar muchos de los problemas presentes en la sociedad en general, a la vez que permite la adaptación y actualización constante a las nuevas exigencias del entorno, independientemente del área estudiada. El objetivo de esta revisión es caracterizar la redacción como herramienta clave para la generación de conocimiento. La revisión fue descriptiva, fundamentada en una búsqueda exhaustiva de la bibliografía referida a la redacción y construcción del conocimiento. Los resultados revelan que existen debilidades en la redacción en muchos de los estudios, destacando los estudios realizados en instituciones de educación superior. Se concluye que se deben realizar planes para la formación tanto estudiantil como docente de los diversos niveles en el área de investigación y desarrollo de pensamiento crítico que se sustente en un discurso coherente logrado mediante una pertinente redacción.
SELECTION OF WEARABLE SENSORS FOR HEALTH AND SAFETY USE IN THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY
Authors: Aksüt Güler , Eren Tamer
Published: August 2023

Construction industry workers; are exposed to serious safety and health risks, hazardous work environments, and intense physical work. This situation causes fatal and non-fatal accidents, reduces productivity, and causes a loss of money and time. Construction safety management can use wearable sensors to improve safety performance. Since there are many types of sensors and not all sensors can be used in construction applications, it is necessary to identify suitable and reliable sensors. This requirement causes a sensor selection problem. The study aims to determine the priority order of physiological and kinematic sensors in preventing risks in the construction industry. Within the scope of this purpose, five criteria and seven alternatives were determined in line with the literature research and expert opinions. The criteria weights were calculated with the AHP method, and the alternatives were ranked with PROMETHEE and AHP. Providing a proactive approach to the use of sensors in the construction industry will provide safer working conditions, identify workers at risk, and help identify and predict potential health and safety risks. It will contribute to the literature on improving construction health and safety management.
SPar: Estimating Stellar Parameters from Multiband Photometries with Empirical Stellar Libraries
Authors: Sun Mingxu , Chen Bingqiu , Guo Helong , Zhao He , Yang Ming , Cui Wenyuan
Published: August 2023

Modern large-scale photometric surveys have provided us with multiband photometries of billions of stars. Determining the stellar atmospheric parameters, such as the effective temperature (T
eff) and metallicities ([Fe/H]), absolute magnitudes (M

G
), distances (d), and reddening values (E(G
BP − G
RP)) is fundamental to study the stellar populations, structure, kinematics, and chemistry of the Galaxy. This work constructed an empirical stellar library that maps the stellar parameters to multiband photometries from a data set with Gaia parallaxes, LAMOST atmospheric parameters, and optical to near-infrared photometry from several photometric surveys. Based on the stellar library, we developed a new algorithm, SPar (Stellar Parameters from multiband photometry), which fits the multiband stellar photometries to derive the stellar parameters (T
eff, [Fe/H], M

G
, d, and E(G
BP − G
RP)) of the individual stars. The algorithm is applied to the multiband photometric measurements of a sample of stars selected from the SMSS survey, which have stellar parameters derived from the spectroscopic surveys. The stellar parameters derived from multiband photometries by our algorithm are in good agreement with those from the spectroscopic surveys. The typical differences between our results and the literature values are 170 K for T
eff, 0.23 dex for [Fe/H], 0.13 mag for M

G
, and 0.05 mag for E(G
BP − G
RP). The algorithm proved to be robust and effective and will be applied to the data of future large-scale photometric surveys such as the Mephisto and CSST surveys.
Transport Equation of Kappa Distributions in the Heliosphere
Authors: Livadiotis G. , McComas D. J.
Published: August 2023

In this paper, we develop the transport equation of kappa, the fundamental thermodynamic parameter that labels kappa distributions of particle velocities. Using the recently developed concept of entropy defect, we are able to formulate the transport equation of kappa as a function of a general, positive or negative, rate of entropy change. Then, we derive the particular case of exchanging plasma ions with low-dimensionality, newly born pickup protons, which interact and decrease the entropy of the flow of otherwise kappa-distributed plasma protons. Finally, we apply the transport equation of kappa to the solar wind plasma protons, which leads to the radial profile of kappa values, as well as the evolution of the kappa distributions through the heliosphere. The results show that the solar wind kappa decreases with increasing heliocentric distance, corresponding to plasmas residing in stationary states far from classical thermal equilibrium. Moreover, in the outer heliosphere and the heliosheath, kappa reaches its lowest values and is spread across the far-equilibrium region of 1.5 < κ < 2.5, which coincides with independent observations provided by NASA’s Interstellar Boundary Explorer mission.
The Dependence of the Location and Pressure Variations of the Martian Magnetic Pileup Boundary on the Interplanetary Magnetic Field: An MHD Simulation Study
Authors: Wang M. , Xu K. , Lu J. Y. , Yin M. X. , Sui H. Y. , Guan Z. J. , Zhang J. Q.
Published: August 2023

In this paper, using a three-dimensional multispecies MHD model, we study the effect of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) intensity and orientation on the subsolar standoff distance of the Martian magnetic pileup boundary (r
0) and the pressure balance across it. The results show that: (1) with the increasing magnitude of the Y- or Z-component of the IMF, B

Y
or B

Z
, r
0 increases, while the radial IMF component, B

X
, has little effect. With the increasing magnitude of B

Y
or B

Z
, the compression degree of the magnetic field (f) increases, while the solar wind pressure coefficient (k) remains unchanged, resulting in the enhancement of r
0. (2) Under the same IMF intensity, B

t
, the impact of the IMF cone angle on r
0 and f is controlled by the ratio of the IMF Y- and Z-components to B

t
,

B

Y

2

+

B

Z

2

/

B

t

. When the ratio is enhanced, both r
0 and f increase, while k generally remains unchanged. Compared with the IMF cone angle, the influence of the IMF clock angle is relatively less. We suggest that the stronger magnetic pileup process controlled by the perpendicular IMFs (B

Y
or B

Z
) causes the larger r
0, while the weaker magnetic pileup under the radial IMF leads to the smaller r
0. The difference in the IMF effect on the size of the Martian magnetic pileup boundary and the terrestrial magnetopause reveals different solar wind interactions with a magnetized and unmagnetized planet. Last, the location of the intense crustal field can also affect r
0 and the pressure balance condition, and the specific impact needs to be further studied.
A Six-planet Resonance Chain in K2-138?
Authors: Cerioni M. , Beaugé C.
Published: August 2023

The K2-138 system hosts six planets and presents an interesting case study due to its distinctive dynamical structure. Its five inner planets are near a chain of 3/2 two-body mean-motion resonances, while the outermost body (planet g) is significantly detached, having a mean-motion ratio of n
f/n
g ∼ 3.3 with its closest neighbor. We show that the orbit of m
g is actually consistent with the first-order three-planet resonance (3P-MMR) characterized by the relation 2n
e − 4n
f + 3n
g = 0 and is the first time a pure first-order 3P-MMR has been found in a multiplanet system and tied to its current dynamical structure. Adequate values for the masses allow one to trace the dynamical history of the system from an initial capture in a six-planet chain (with n
f/n
g in a 3/1 resonance) up to its current configuration due to tidal interactions over the age of the star. The increase in resonance offset with semimajor axis, as well as its large value for n
f/n
g, can be explained by the slopes of the pure three-planet resonances in the mean-motion ratio plane. The triplets slide outward over these curves when the innermost pair is pulled apart by tidal effects, in a pantograph-like manner. The capture into the 3P-MMR is found to be surprisingly robust given similar masses for m
g and m
f, and it is possible that the same effect may also be found in other compact planetary systems.
A Community-Driven Strategy for Addressing Fossil Taxonomy Challenges
Authors: Little Holly , Karim Talia , Krimmel Erica , Walker Lindsay
Published: August 2023

Taxonomy has long been a cornerstone issue in the paleontological collections community, especially as digitization has enabled us to share data at a global scale. Communities of practice such as the Paleo Data Working Group (PDWG, Krimmel et al. 2021) have made concerted efforts to understand and evaluate challenges with the taxonomic information published via fossil occurrence records (Little et al. 2021, Little et al. 2022). Since 2020, PDWG has been leading discussions to define the nuances of challenges associated with fossil taxonomy, to look at the landscape of cyberinfrastructure tools available to tackle these challenges, and to develop community guidelines. This work has led to a deeper understanding of the full range of challenges surrounding the use of fossil taxonomy, from local practices and systems to representation at the data aggregator level. Here we share our initial strategy for tackling challenges with fossil data, particularly taxonomy, centered on developing a reusable framework for assessing and addressing issues so that data can be made more discoverable and usable for transformative and translational research.

An essential element of this approach is the coordination of efforts across stakeholder communities. Through these collaborations, we ultimately seek to improve systems for handling and curating taxonomic data, increase the quality and discoverability of taxonomic data presented by aggregators, and better integrate data provided by fossil occurrence records into the research lifecycle. The required coordination will be driven through the development of a partner network from across the global bio- and geo- science data ecosystem. This network is composed of representatives with a variety of perspectives and roles, including participation from Catalogue of Life, Global Biodiversity Information Facility, and Biodiversity Information Standards (TDWG), as well as paleontology collections professionals (led by PDWG), informaticians, researchers, and other end-users. Integrating the existing PDWG community of practice into this larger network allows us to learn from work already underway in the landscape. In addition, recognizing that the paleo community is not alone in these challenges, we believe that a successful strategy for this network is to create processes and envision solutions that can be adapted by other disciplines with similar needs.

Our strategy underscores the need for the combined efforts of both community engagement and evaluation of the existing technical landscape. Through this work we aim to establish an enhanced network of FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable; Wilkinson et al. 2016) and research-ready fossil data, improving the support for and quality of fossil taxonomy data along the way.