bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Simulation and Experimental Research on Milling Force of High Manganese Steel
Authors: Tang Yong , Wu Qiang , Hu Xiao Fang , Li Yu Zhong
Published: November 2010

The milling process of hard-to-cut material high manganese steel ZGMn13 was simulated and experimental studied based on Johnson-Cook material model and shear failure model.The high speed milling processing finite element model has established adopting arbitrary Lagrangian-Euler method (ALE) and the grid adaptive technology,The influence of milling parameters to milling force is analyzed in the high speed milling high manganese steel process. The simulated and experimental results being discussed are matched well. It certifies the finite element model is correct.
Numerical Simulation of Triaxial Tests for Coarse-Grained Soil Considering the Initial Fabric of Samples Grain
Authors: Wang Guang Jin , Kong Xiang Yun , Gu Yi Lei , Yang Chun He
Published: November 2010

The strength parameters of granular coarse-grained soil are the critical factor that affects the stability of ultra-high dump. The soil particles of different size have no sorting and random distribution, which leads to the initial fabric of sample grain uncontrolled in the laboratory test of coarse-grained soil, therefore, only relying on the laboratory testing is difficult to obtain the reliable strength parameters of coarse-grained soil. Based on Cellular Automata method, combining the laboratory triaxial tests of coarse-grained soil developed the HHC-CA model which generated the coarse-grained soil samples of different initial fabric of grain to characterize the heterogeneous and random distribution of coarse-grained soil grain group. Then by means of FLAC3D, conducting triaxial numerical simulation tests of coarse-grained soil and discussing the relationship between the gravel contents of samples shear band and samples and internal friction angle. Moreover, the shear strength model for different coarse-grained contents is established. Numerical simulation results indicated that the relationship between internal friction angle of coarse-grained soil and gravel contents of samples shear band were increasing function in the same size grading. According to the increasing of samples gravel contents, the internal friction angle might reduce, but the mean internal friction angle significantly increased with the increment of samples gravel contents.
Effect of Friction on Billet Deformation during Multi-Axial Compressions
Authors: Shi Feng Jian , Ye Si Zhen , Wang Lei Gang , Lu Sheng
Published: November 2010

The effect of friction on compression load, effective strain, damage value and maximum principal stress were analyzed by rigid-plastic finite element method during multi-axial compressions (MAC). The results show that with the number of compressions, the maximum compression load increases gradually, the effective strain distributes ringwise and the maximum effective strain is in the center and the minimum at the surface. The damage is inclined to appear at the barreled shape perpendicular to the longitudinal axis. With the increase of friction coefficient, the maximum compression load, strain inhomogeneity, damage value and maximum principal stress increase under the condition of same number of compression. These results indicate that the friction is adverse during MAC. Appropriate measures should be adopted to decrease the effect of frictional force.
Modeling the Large-Scale Device Collaboration System Based on PI-Calculus
Authors: Deng Pan , Zhang Jian Wei , Rong Xiao Hui , Chen Feng
Published: November 2010

The modeling and simulation of large-scale Device Collaboration systems is an important issue for seamless integration and collaboration of distributed device integration. Based on the advantage of PI-Calculus in modeling concurrent and dynamic systems, a method concentrating on the modeling of large-scale Device Collaboration system is presented. Firstly, it transforms device behaviors and interactions into PI-Calculus processes. Secondly, weak dissimulation of multiple internal control flows is defined through the application of behavior equivalent theory of PI-Calculus. Following that, external behavior equivalence of system dynamic ontology is discussed. With the help of operational and transitional semantics and a formal deduction, our method can discover system problems in design stage, thus improving architecture correctness and execution stability of Device Collaboration systems.
Studying of Fuzzy Logic Control Semi-Active Suspension Based on ADAMS/Car and MATLAB/Simulink
Authors: Zhang Jing Jun , Xu Zhi Qiang
Published: November 2010

The study is researched to establish a multi-body dynamic model of the Vehicle by using Adams /Car software package. Using genetic algorithm approach，fuzzy logic controller of the semi-active suspension was designed, simulated in the environment of Matlab/Simulink.. The results of being compared with the passive suspension demonstrate that this developed fuzzy logic controller based on Adams /Car and Matlab/Simulink enhances the performance of the full car suspension system significantly.
The Expansion of the Kernels for 3D Elastic Fast Multipole BEM
Authors: Wang Wei Wei , Chen Yi Ming
Published: November 2010

The Fast Muotipole Element Method (FM-BEM) has been applied to large scale engineering problems successfully. The Theorem of the fast multipole method (FMM) expansions of the kernels for 3D elastic FM-BEM are obtained and proved（Theorem 2）, furthermore, the mathematical foundation of the FM-BEM is completed.
Prediction Model of Zinc Coating Weight for Continuous Hot-Dip Galvanizing Based on BP Network
Authors: Zhang Xi Bang , Zhang Qing Dong , Zhang Xiao Feng
Published: November 2010

The BP network model is established to predict the Zinc Coating Weight for C608/708 hot-dip galvanizing line. The model develops as the simulation function of jet pressure, nozzle to strip distance, nozzle to zinc bath distance, strip velocity and thickness. Compare the prediction precision of different models when the number of neurons in network is five, ten or fifteen. The models have better effect in use after put into production and can be used for other hot-dip galvanizing lines.
Experimental Study of Roll Thermal Crown in 1750 Hot Strip Mill
Authors: Ma Zhan Fu , Li Zi Wen , Zhao Xi Cheng , Li Mou Wei
Published: November 2010

In the paper, the temperature distribution on the work roll surface of a 1750 hot strip mill is studied, and the variety rules of the thermal crown are analyzed. The result of test shows that the work roll thermal crown is significantly affected by cooling. The thermal crown obviously is improved after altering the distance between the cooling pipe and the work roll and changing the type of cooling water faucet. From this paper, it is known that different number of rolling coils cause different thermal crown of the work roll. The final change rule shows that the work roll thermal crown is the largest in Stand 1 and the smallest in Stand 6 in a rolling period.
The Calculation of Initial Velocity Field in Tension Reducing Deformation Zone of Steel Pipe
Authors: Zhang Fang Ping , Sun Bin Yu , Wang Fang , Wang Jian Mei , Zhao Chun Jiang
Published: November 2010

Tension reducing is one of the important processes in the production of steel tube, especially for the production of small diameter and thin-walled tube. Tension reducing mill has wide work speed range. A series of finished tube with different diameters and wall thickness were produced from a pierced billet by changing the velocity ratio between the rack. It is important to obtain the relationship of the wall thickness variation and tension for the production of satisfied steel tube. A speed calculation model was established for a suitable tension. The setting of the initial velocity field has great effects on the convergence of iteration process or iterations, so it must strictly satisfy the velocity boundary conditions, and must not break continuity condition and approximately meet the constancy of volume.
Online Quality Prediction of Strip Hot-Dip Galvanizing Based on Support Vector Regression
Authors: He Fei , Liang Zhi Guo , Li Min , Xu Jin Wu
Published: November 2010

In order to predict product quality and optimize production process, the product quality model needs to be built. According to the fact that the common methods always cost long training time and can not realize real-time update, an online product quality model based on the online support vector regression is here proposed. The real field data of zinc coating weights from strip hot-dip galvanizing are used for validation. The results show that the models based on the online support vector regression have a higher prediction precision and shorter training time than traditional support vector regression, which is convenient to complete the real-time update. The zinc coating weights forecasting model based on the online support vector regression for multi-group data has an average of the relative prediction error of 4.35%, thus for the model will be used as an analysis tools for the quality control.
Fuzzy Neural Networks Used in PID Controller of the Secondary Regulation Speed System
Authors: Dong Min , Li Guo You , Li Ling Feng
Published: November 2010

Aiming at the control of the secondary regulation speed control system, A new-type of fuzzy neural networks is used in the parameters setting of PID controller, which is helpful to overcome the uncertainty, nonlinearity and time-variability of the system. By establishing the mathematic model of the system, Simulation research are carried out. Simulation results indicate that the fuzzy neural networks model improves the dynamic response of the system.
Analysis of Research Method for Rolling Theory
Authors: Liu Mao Sheng , Sun Bin Yu , Zhang Fang Ping , Song Xiao Wei
Published: November 2010

Basic point of manifold research method for rolling theory is discussed. These methods are engineering numeration, the method of slip line network, the limit analytical method, the plastic finite element method, energy method, research rolling theory with viscosity hydrokinetics, the boundary element method, the finite twig element method and the artificial neural network technic. Point out holding crux part on the whole bog of tricks. Apply range of apiece research method are analyzed and compared. The selection to embark research methods of rolling theory is to have definite referential action.
Modeling of 3D Lateral Flow during the Process of Strip Rolling
Authors: Du Xiao Zhong , Yang Quan , Huang Qing Xue , Wang Xiao Chen
Published: November 2010

The three dimensional deformation of strip during flat rolling is always a key issue, the lateral flow of metal on the strip edge will determines the quality of final product. In this paper, a theoretical analysis focus on the lateral flow of strip edge is discussed. Lateral Flow Factor and Relative Lateral Flow Factor are developed originally to analyze the lateral flow of strip and edge drop. For special process condition mentioned in paper, value of lateral flow factor is about 0.07.
Design and Development of Hydrodynamic Lubricating System of Large-Scale Mill Oil-Film Bearing Test Rig
Authors: Wang Jian Mei , Huang Qing Xue , Sun Jian Zhao , Tao Xue
Published: November 2010

The lubricating system is the critical segment to ensure the good operation of bearing subsystem and the whole mill system. To keep pace with the advanced domestic and outdoors technologies, it is emergent to design and develop the mechatronic test rig of mill oil-film bearing. According to the detailed design parameters and design principles of lubricating system, its main modules and the lubricating mechanism are designed and implemented. The according 2D drawings and 3D solid models are successfully established. Consequently, the prototype is developed, and runs well in practical tests on mechanical parameters of mill bearing. Moreover, some further improvements are also made to better the performances of lubricating system.
Finite Element Modeling of Casting Roll during Twin-Roll Strip Casting
Authors: Zhang Xiao Ming , Jiang Zheng Yi , Wei Dong Bin , Liu Xiang Hua , Wang Guo Dong
Published: November 2010

In twin-roll thin strip casting, the temperature distribution of casting roll affects the roll thermal stress, and influences the thermal deformation, the generation of roll surface cracks, the strip shape, and the service life of casting roll. In this paper, the temperature distributions of casting roll have been analysed, the effects of the roll sleeve thickness on the temperature field and thermal stress of casting roll have been simulated and discussed. The developed temperature model of casting roll is helpful in optimising the processing parameters and the design of casting roll during twin-roll thin strip casting.
Design and Harmonic Response Analysis of a Kind of Load Simulator
Authors: Fu Yong Ling , Jing Hui Qiang , Zhang Kai , Zhou Wei Xing
Published: November 2010

Load Simulator is a very popular machine as hardware-in-loop simulation equipment in many scientific fields recently. As to mechanical structure, dynamic performance is one of the most important factors to evaluate a load simulator and it is a difficult job for design as well. This paper presents a kind of hydraulic load simulator to meet the requirements of rocket study and harmonic response analysis, which can provide guidance for the design of the Load Simulator structure, is carried out to reveal the probable first- and second-resonance frequency with mode superposition method with the assistance of the finite element software. The results indicate that the proposed method is feasible and efficient.
The Finite Element Analysis and Structure Optimizing of the 42MN Flatting Mill’s Higher Beam
Authors: Zhang Chun Ming , Hao Run Yuan
Published: November 2010

This text is on the basis of the investigation of the 42MN flatting mill’s higher beam, establishing the flatting mill’s higher beam’s finite element model and the mathematical model which has optimum structure. According to the results of their structure finite element analysis, weaved the relevant procedures and optimized them, obtained ideal structural parameters, this text provide better ideas and ways for the structural design of the flatting mill’s higher beam.
Improvement of On-Line Heating Method in the Side Dam for Twin Roll Strip Casting Process
Authors: Song Xiao Wei , Sun Bin Yu
Published: November 2010

As one of the most advanced technology, twin-roll strip casting technology has a huge advantage compared to conventional casting technology in iron and steel industry. In recent years, therefore, metallurgical workers are favour of the twin-roll strip casting technology and invest a great deal of reseach funding. It has achieved considerable progress. In abroad, there were several advanced iron and steel enterprises which had realized the commercialization of small-scale production. But there is still a long way to go for the mass of industrial production. Because of the very short service life of side dam, side sealing technology is one of the bottlenecks. Based on this, the paper analyzes the reason caused the very short service life of traditional side dam and improves the service life through improving heating mode. That is digging appropriate size of slot on the back of the side dam in the contact with casting roller to install resistance wire for on-line heating. The result indicate that the improved heating mode can make the temperature distribution and stress distribution of the side dam more uniform, decrease temperature gradient and thermal stress and improve stress concentration. It can improve the service life of the side dam in a certain extent.
The Mechanical Property Analysis of Circular Saw Blades under Different Rotational Speeds
Authors: Wang Xiao Ling , Zhang Qiang
Published: November 2010

The rotational speed is an important parameter during the cutting of circular saw blades. It affects the stress distribution, the vibration and the whistling noise of the saw blade. It also has an influence on the cutting accuracy and the useful life of saws. In this paper we analyze the mechanical properties of the circular saw under different rotational speeds. The mechanical properties we investigate include the stress distribution, the critical stress, the natural frequency and the vibration amplitude.
Influence of Rotation Speed on Cooling Uniformity of Seamless Pipe for Quenching
Authors: Liu Guo Yong , Zhu Dong Mei , Zhang Shao Jun , Hu Shi Shan , Li Mou Wei
Published: November 2010

Based on the current cooling method commonly used to cool outer surface by constant (i.e. low)pressure pipe jet and inner surface by high pressure axial jet, the numerical simulation by FEM software –FLUENT was performed to study temperature field of seamless steel pipe for quenching. The impact of the rotation speed is investigated on the steel pipe axial, circumferential and radial cooling uniformity. The numerical results reveal that, with the steel pipe speed increased, the rotation speed has a little influence on axial cooling uniformity and great impact on circumferential and radial cooling uniformity. Cooling uniformity of steel pipe is better under the condition of the rotation speed of no less than 60 rpm.
Study on Extrusion Forming of Superalloy Tube under Different Dies
Authors: Mao Yi Lun , Zhang Qing Dong , Sun Chao Yang
Published: November 2010

Extrusion die is a key factor in tube extrusion deformation. This paper, studying Inconel 690 alloy steel tube hot extrusion process by adopting Deform-2D software, analyses the influence of flat dies, cone die and flat-cone die on extrusion force, temperature rise, and metal flow rule during superalloy extrusion process and find that cone die is more helpful for superalloy tube extrusion. Based on it, the influence rule of cone die angle on extrusion force and temperature rise is studied, and the best die angle for superalloy tube extrusion is provided, which offer the evidence for the design of superalloy tube extrusion die
The Design and Study of Roller Curvature for the Tube or Bar Straightener
Authors: Hu Da Chao , Chen Hao Min
Published: November 2010

The straightener roll should be in contact with the tube or bar in line during the working process. The traditional calculation method using roll-shape curve equation was extremely complex, so this paper presents a new method of determining roll-shape curvature in the condition of the tube or bar contacted with roller in line. By comparison, this calculation method is simple and easy. Moreover, this method guarantees the quality of product with the required accuracy. This method presents a new way in straightener roller design.
Crank Block Steering Mechanism Optimization for Forklift Truck Based on Vector PSO
Authors: Sun Chao Li , Zeng Jian Chao , Pan Jeng Shyang , Tao Yuan Fang
Published: November 2010

Crank block steering mechanism optimization, which is a nonlinear constrained optimization problem, is important for forklift truck to get preferable steering performance. Vector particle swarm optimization (VPSO) is a swarm intelligent algorithm proposed to solve constrained optimization problems with simple concept and easy implementation. Therefore, VPSO was proposed to optimize crank block steering mechanism of forklift truck in this paper, which will be intended for minimizing the maximal error of outer wheel steering angle, maximizing the minimal transmission angle and making the transmission capability of the force better. The experimental results obtained by VPSO are compared with the results obtained by enumeration algorithm which are reliable for optimization problems. The comparison results showed that vector particle swarm optimization can get same optimal results as enumeration algorithm in much less calculation times.
Research on Leveling Model of Combination Leveler
Authors: Wang Xiao Gang , Huang Qing Xue , Wang Jian Mei
Published: November 2010

The evolvement of plate in 15-roller combination leveler has been studied in this paper using both geometrical analysis and FEM. The results show that the bending deformation and curvature evolvement are different from those obtained by general leveler. The technologies of parallel leveling and tension leveling are adaptive to the roll system of combination leveler, which not only can improve leveling precision, but also can erase the influence of negative torque on leveling roll, thus improving the leveling strength capacity of leveling materials. Meanwhile, a new calculating method of leveling process was pointed out, whose results were basically consistent to those of experimental results.
Analysis of Asymmetric Valve Control Asymmetric Cylinder System of Hydraulic Leveler
Authors: Guo Bo , Li Yu Gui , Han He Yong
Published: November 2010

Symmetric valve controlled asymmetric cylinder which is applied to force down system of hydraulic leveler. In this case, the flow metering-in is not equal with metering-out universally in proportional or servo control hydraulic system, "pressure jump" will appear at the time of symmetric valve changing direction[1,2]. To deal with this disadvantage well and improve the system, the disadvantage of symmetric valve controlled asymmetric cylinder is altered by the solution that asymmetric valve controlled asymmetric cylinder. In this paper, the mathematic model of the solution has been worked out actually and the transfer function has been constructed. Finally using simulink software of MATLAB to simulate the system and analyze the stability of closed-loop.
Deformation Work in Strip Tension Leveling
Authors: Zhou Cun Long , Jiang Zheng Yi , Wang Guo Dong , Zhang Yong An
Published: November 2010

In tension leveling, elongation is determined by a combination of tension and deformation curvature, so how to set up optimization of the processing parameters has been emphasized by researchers. In this paper, the deformation work in tension leveling was introduced. According to the calculation used in a tension leveler, the tension and deformation curvature which results in less deformation work under a certain elongation is presented. The method can determine the leveling processes parameters for different strip with various properties and sizes.
Numerical Simulation of Straightening of Steel Pipe for Press Straightening Machine
Authors: Song Dong Fang
Published: November 2010

The passage was aimed to solve the problem of calculation of the straightening force and straightening stroke accurately. The finite element method was adopted to establish a load- deflection model of the press straightening process; the loading force of real yield of the part was worked out with DEFORM; then the actual loading or unloading were completed in MARC with the loading force gained from DEFORM in order to achieve the residuary deflection of spring back at the pressure surface and the max deflection value of actual stroke; By fitting data of many points of the pressure surface, a function was abstracted with MATLAB. The high accuracy, simple and easy operability and flexible application of the method provided a way to calculate and control straightening stroke of automatic straightening machine.
Leveler Intelligent Model and Knowledge Base for Plate Steel Based on Multi-Fieldbus
Authors: Hu Ying , Hao Xiao Hong , Huang Qing Xue , Wang Qiu Shu , Jin Shao Zhen
Published: November 2010

The control system of the third hydraulic reversible 11 rolls leveler adopts advanced techniques such as automatic setting, automatic tracking and straightening, Leveling intelligent model and knowledge base. Leveling Intelligent Model and knowledge base is the core of the whole control system, which including Leveling Intelligent Model and plate knowledge base. The system has successful application in new strength leveler developed by Taiyuan University of Science and Technology and the Taiyuan Heavy Industry Co., Ltd, which is of high automatic and efficiency. The productions qualities are impressively improved. This plate leveler uses Oracle 10G database system and HP 380 Server clusters to realize the management function of technical data acquisition and analysis. It is able to complete the real-time data acquisition, data analysis, model calculation and self –learning function.
Improve Design and Analysis on Transitional Chute of Scraper Conveyor
Authors: Wang Shu Ping , Yang Zhao Jian
Published: November 2010

To avoid the corrosion of transitional chute of scraper conveyor, optimization is needed on the structural of transitional chutes. After analyzing the force on turning point of transitional chute, multi-body dynamic experiments were made. The results show that, the improve design decrease the force on the turning point obviously and there are no extra difficulty on manufacture and installation. The experiment and analysis can conclude that the forces, which influence the wear of transitional chute, are depended on the transition arc radius but not transitional angle.
The Analysis on Different Circular Saw Structures for Reducing Saw Noise
Authors: Wang Xiao Ling , Zhang Yong
Published: November 2010

In this paper, we carry out dynamic theoretical and numerical simulation on several differently designed structures of circular saw. Our goal is to improve the vibration property and reduce the noise level of circular saws. We obtain natural frequencies and vibration modes of differently designed saw structures by vibration mode analysis and harmonic response analysis. From our analytical results we prove the effectiveness of these differently designed circular saw structures in reducing the vibration and the noise level.
The Study of CAD/CAE Integrated Technology in Network Environment
Authors: Ding Hua , Yang Zhao Jian , Wang Xue Wen , Ding Zhi Yong
Published: November 2010

Based on the concept of parametric design, this paper realizes the parametric modeling and parametric finite element analysis by utilizing UG/OPEN secondary development tool and APDL module of ANSYS software respectively. This paper also achieves data sharing of CAD/CAE through compiling interface program between UG6.0 and ANSYS10.0. In addition, the remote design and analysis platform has been built by using ASP.NET technology, component technology, and database technology. We take piston-piston rod part of coal mining machine’s cutting unit as an example to verify the system. Meanwhile, it proves system can effectively shorten design and analysis cycle time, and reduce workload of designer. Therefore, this software has potential application value in engineering.
A Robust Model for Work Roll Bending Control Reaching Threshold in Flatness Control of Cold Rolling Mill
Authors: Wang Peng Fei , Zhang Dian Hua , Li Xu , Zhang Wen Xue
Published: November 2010

The work roll bending is one of the most effective flatness actuators in flatness control of cold rolled strips, as a result of its characteristics such as high speed response, powerful effects on the elimination of flatness defects such as edge-waves, central waves and so on. The existing research on flatness control mainly focuses on the calculation of optimal adjustment of individual flatness actuator. However, the final output of a flatness actuator is required to be limited firstly for some special cases. If the incoming strip is coming with big symmetrical flatness defects, it happens that the position limit of work roll bending is prone to be reached or exceeded during the execution of the displacement, resulting in the residual symmetrical flatness defects without further elimination, as well as a limited flatness control process. In order to avoid this situation, substitution control by intermediate roll bending in case of work roll bending control over-limitation have been developed, which is based on actuator efficiencies and in accordance with the practical conditions. Applications show that the substitution control of intermediate roll bending for work roll bending over-limitation can play an important role in the residually symmetrical flatness control.
Transverse Deformation Control in Low Alloy Wear-Resistant Steel Quenching Process
Authors: Zhu Dong Mei , Liu Guo Yong , Zhang Shao Jun , Zhu Qi Shen
Published: November 2010

Computation model for low alloy wear-resistant steel quenching process is established by finite element method. Four work conditions are designed for studying the effect of cooling uniformity of new cooler on quenching plate shape. The temperature and stress-strain field under four work conditions are calculated through the established model. The rule of plate deformation due to uneven cooling along transverse direction is obtained. The interaction of the thermal stress and phase stress is an important factor for plate deformation. The results of the study provide important theoretical basis to control wear-resistant steel plate deformation and improve production efficiency and manufacturing yield.
Hardness Test on an Epoxy Mold Compounds of a Quad Flat No Lead Package Using the Depth Sensing Nanoindentation
Authors: Abdullah Shahrum , Mod Yunoh Mohd Faridz , Jalar Azman , Abdullah Mohamad Faizal
Published: November 2010

This study focuses on the effect of stress and load towards hardness at epoxy mold compounds (EMCs) of a Quad Flat No- Lead (QFN) package using indentation technique. A series of three points bending cyclic test were performed with four different loads between 60 N to 120 N on QFN package. The nanoindentation with the maximum load of 300 mN was indented at five locations that perpendicular to the stress line on EMCs of QFN package after three points bending cyclic test were performed. The findings showed that the mean value of hardness was varied with load and stress. Higher load and stress were found to be not affected by hardness of EMCs. From the results, it is believed that the applied load and stress not play a role towards the hardness of EMCs. A polynomial relationship was plotted and shown that correlation of coefficient (R2) between stress and hardness of the studied EMCs was found to be at 97%. Finally, the finding suggested that a close correlation between the stress and hardness since it correlation coefficient gave a higher value with the polynomial relationship.
The Influence of Composition Segregation to the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of SA508-3 Steel
Authors: Hao Lu Han , Sun Ming Yue , Li Dian Zhong
Published: November 2010

A large scale ingot was dissected to study the segregation law of the elements. The influence of composition segregation to the microstructure and mechanical properties of SA508-3 steel was studied by the comparison of three positions on the ingot. Two precipitated phases were approved to be alloyed cementite and molybdenum carbide (Mo2C). It has demonstrated that the middle and upper parts of the ingot were almost the same in compositions except for a slightly difference in the carbon content. The upper part with more carbon included has relatively more carbide precipitation after the performance heat treatment. The bottom part of the ingot has the lowest carbon and molybdenum content, while the reduction in the amount of precipitated carbide was not observed. On the contrary, fine needle-like Mo2C are extensively distributed in the matrix of the bottom part besides a variety of coarse cementite rods. And the data of Energy Dispersion Spectrum (EDS) mapping has suggested that precipitation of Mo2C tends to bring the segregation of impurities. Many large inclusions were found in the bottom part of the ingot, which were considered to be the main reason for the strength loss of this area.
The Structure and Acoustic Properties of Aluminum Foams by Gas Injection Method
Authors: Fan Xue Liu , Chen Xiang , Li Yan Xiang
Published: November 2010

The acoustic properties of aluminum foams by gas injection method were studied experimentally. The micro and macro structure of aluminum foam with closed cells were observed by optical microscope (OM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The special structure of the closed-pores of the aluminum foams have leaded to good performance of the sound absorption based on three mechanisms: Helmholtz resonance, cell wall vibration and viscous and thermal effects. The effect of cell sizes, thickness of aluminum foams has been investigated and the cavity set at the back of the foam samples on the sound absorption efficiency of the foams has been measured. Analytical models of membrane vibrations were used to explain the sound absorption capacity of the foams.
The Study of Nitrogen Absorption with Slagging in High Nitrogen Steels Smelted by High Pressure and Bottom-Blowing Nitrogen
Authors: Guo Yu Feng , Wang Shu Huan , Jin Gang Qiang
Published: November 2010

The experiment studied the influence of slag system on nitrogen content in high nitrogen steels which refined by the method of high-pressure and bottom-blowing nitrogen under the conditions of 1.0Mpa. The results shows that nitrogen content are up to 1.0% without the over of slag, and after adding slag, nitrogen content are up to 1.39%; Alkalinity of protecting slag has little effect on the nitrogen content, however, there are very effective to increase nitrogen after using CaF2 instead of SiO2 ,and its nitrogen content are as high as 1.48%; the effect of increasing nitrogen are clear by adding no more than 0.5% pure aluminum, but when aluminum content are more than 0.5%, the nitrogen content in steel are not change significantly, meanwhile, if adding CaF2 slag system, it will be more effective increase nitrogen than only adding pure aluminum.
Research on Quantitative Assessment of Corrosion and Mechanical Properties of Hydraulic Steel Structure
Authors: Guo Jian Bin , Wang Nan , Su Hao
Published: November 2010

The hydraulic steel structure is an important device in water resources and hydropower engineering, affected by operating environment, corrosion is becoming an important factor in affecting the structure on safe operation .In this paper, fuzzy assessment method for disaster degree identification is introduced, using the Monte-Carle numerical simulation for distance measurement to achieve the distance measurement calculated of corrosion morphology, making corrosion assessment of hydraulic steel gate quantitative. Combining with the study for attenuation of mechanical properties of corrosion components, this paper propose the method of quantitative correction of corrosion components based on five levels, clearing the impact properties of corrosion components caused by corrosion morphology .
The Effect of Precipitate Configuration on the Strain Hardening Behavior of Al-Mg-Si Alloy Sheet
Authors: Tian Ni , Zhao Gang , Nie Bo , Wang Jian Jun , Zuo Liang , Liu Chun Ming
Published: November 2010

The microstructure especially the size, shape, number and distribution of precipitate, together with the strain hardening exponent n value at different strain range during plastic deformation of the Al-0.9Mg-1.0Si-0.7Cu-0.6Mn alloy sheet, subjected to different heat treatment were investigated. The results showed that the strain hardening exponent n values of Al-0.9Mg-1.0Si-0.7Cu-0.6Mn alloy sheet at any different strain range are different from each other, which is in agreement with the result that the relationship between true strain and true stress of polycrystalline alloy sheet during tensile test does not fully meet the Hollomon formula. The continuous strain hardening exponent nc defined in this paper essentially represents the approximate liner strain hardening effect during the total calculating strain range, while the stage strain hardening exponent ns defined in the paper can objectively indicate the counteraction of the micro strain hardening with the micro strain softening of alloy sheet during plastic deforming. When the precipitate in the matrix of alloy sheet can be cut by dislocation, the alloy sheet has the weakest strain hardening effect at the beginning of yielding process. Otherwise, the alloy sheet has the most prominent strain hardening effect at the beginning of yielding process when the precipitate in the matrix can be bowed bypass operation of dislocation. Gridded precipites is of no advantage to the glide and multiplication of dislocation of alloy sheet.
Weldability of Ca Microalloyed HSLA Steel
Authors: Jia Kun Ning
Published: November 2010

The welding cold cracking tendencies of Ca microalloyed HSLA steel was evaluated using crack sensitivity index Pcm, oblique Y-groove cracking test and the hardness of simulation CGHAZ(coarse grain heat affected zone) in this paper. The organizational structure and mechanical properties of simulation CGHAZ at different t8/5 was analysised in this paper two. The results show that:steel welding cold crack is less sensitive; the CaO pinning austenite grain boundaries effectively, fining the grain size of CGHAZ, increasing the amount of IFA, and improving the toughness of CGHAZ.The weldability of Ca microalloyed HSLA steel is good.
Effect of Post Weld Heat Treatment on Mechanical and Corrosion Properties of Inconel 601
Authors: Bu Xian Zheng , Shan Ping , Luo Zhen , Zheng Zhen Tai
Published: November 2010

The effect of post weld heat treatment on microstructures, tensile and corrosion properties of Inconel601 weld seam was investigated. The results indicated that the microstructure of weld metal consisted of coarser columnar grains with (Nb, Ti)-rich precipitations and laves phase distributed in them. Tensile and corrosion test displayed that the weld seam without any heat treatment exhibit the lowest mechanical and corrosion properties. Solution treatment at 1050°C was found to result in the considerable refinement of grain size and finally the improvement of mechanical and corrosion properties. It was also found that the specimens had the best mechanical and corrosion properties after heat treatment at 1150°C. However, with the treatment temperature increasing to 1200°C, the grain began to grow up, leading to the decrease of tensile strength and corrosion resistance.
Effect of Solute Depleted Area on the Distribution of MnS in Fe-3%Si
Authors: An Feng Hui , Sha Yu Hui , Zhang Fang , Li Ying , Zuo Liang
Published: November 2010

Hot deformation was applied on Fe-3%Si by the Gleeble-1500 thermo-mechanical system, and the effect of solute depleted area around the primary MnS particles precipitated prior to hot deformation on the distribution of strain-induced MnS particles was investigated. The obtained results showed that the depleted area around primary MnS particles affects significantly the distribution of strain-induced MnS particles, and the involved parameters were discussed.
Viscosity Determination of High Oxidizability Refining Slag and Its Buildup Solution
Authors: Liang Xiao Ping , Jin Yang , Wang Yu
Published: November 2010

The principal purpose of this paper are to determine the viscosity of refining slag with the features of high crystallinity and strongly oxidizability, and to solve the problem that slag sticked onto the RH immersion tube during the RH refining process. Then, the fluid length method was used to determine the viscosity, and the effect of compositions on melting point and viscosity of refining ladle slag was studied. Overall, the relationship between viscosity and fluid length was acquired, and it achieved the slag with lower melting point and good fluidity which can avoid slag building-up on RH immersion tube by adjusting the basicity of refining slag to 4-5, the content of Al2O3 to 14-15% with additives.
Mid-IR and Raman Spectral Properties of Clinoatacamite-Structure Basic Copper Chlorides
Authors: Liu Xiao Dong , Meng Dong Dong , Zheng Xu Guang , Hagihala Masato , Guo Qi Xin
Published: November 2010

Basic copper chloride Cu2(OH)3Cl and Cu2(OD)3Cl polycrystalline sample were successfully synthesized in the same single phase of clinoatacamite-structure, and the latter’s mid-infrared absorption spectra (4000-400cm–1) and Raman spectra (4000-95cm–1) were first, to the best of our knowledge, measured respectively by FTIR spectroscopy and Micro-Raman spectroscopy to study the corresponding relationship between their spectral properties and crystal structure. Through the comparative analysis of the four spectra we definitely assign or tentatively suggest the vibration modes of OH/D groups in the trimeric hydrogen bond environment, (H/DO)–Cu–(OH/D), Cl–Cu–Cl. These results can be propitious to their low temperature spectral properties which must help to understand the underlying physics of their exotic geometric frustration phenomenon.
A Study on the Microstructure of AISI M2 High Speed Steel Manufactured by Continuous Casting
Authors: Zhou Xue Feng , Fang Feng , Jiang Jian Qing
Published: November 2010

Continuous casting has been widely applied in the production of steels and other metals. However, it has been rarely used in producing high speed steels, which are still manufactured by the conventional method of mould-casting. Thus, little is known about the microstructure of high speed steels made by the continuous casting technology. In the present work, AISI M2 steel is produced by horizontal continuous casting and the difference of solidification microstructure of ingots by different casting technologies has been examined. The results show that the networks of M2C eutectic carbides are greatly refined in the ingot by continuous casting compared to that by mould casting. Meanwhile, the morphology of M2C eutectic carbides changes from the plate-like type to the fibrous one, due to the increasing cooling rates. Compared with the plate-like M2C, the fibrous M2C in continuous casting ingots is less stable and decomposes faster at high temperatures, spheroidizing obviously after heating and refining dimensions of carbides.
Electrochemical Evaluation on the Corrosion Properties of Welding Zones of 304 Stainless Steel
Authors: Moon Kyung Man , Kim Yun Hae , Kim Sung Jin , Yoon Ji Hyeong , Lee Youn Chang , Lee Syung Yul , Oh Min Seok
Published: November 2010

Two types of welding methods were performed on austenitic 304 stainless steel: laser welding and TIG welding. The differences of the corrosion characteristics of the welded zones from the two welding methods were investigated with electrochemical methods, such as measurement of the corrosion potential, polarization curves, cyclic voltammogram, etc. The Vickers hardness of all laser-welded zones (WM:Weld Metal, HAZ:Heat-Affected Zone, BM:Base Metal) was relatively higher while their corrosion current densities exhibited a comparatively lower value than those which were TIG welded. In particular, the corrosion current density of the TIG-welded HAZ had the highest value among all other welding zones, which suggests that chromium depletion due to the formation of chromium carbide occurs in the HAZ, which is in the sensitization temperature range, thus it can easily be corroded with an active anode. Intergrenular corrosion was also observed at the TIG-welded HAZ and WM zones. Consequently, we can see that corrosion resistance of all austenitic 304 stainless steel welding zones can be improved via the use of laser welding.
Effect of Cooling Rate and Si Content on Solidification Characteristics of Silicon Steel during Near-Rapid Solidification
Authors: Wang Lei , He Xian Yong , Peng Qin , Yang Rong , Zhai Qi Jie
Published: November 2010

The solidification characteristics of silicon steel in twin roll strip casting was studied by physical simulation. The experiments were designed to approximate the solidification conditions of twin roll strip casting. The strips with different cooling rate and different silicon content were prepared. The results show that the solidification structures of the strips with different cooling rate and different Si content are composed of columnar and equiaxed grains, and the solidification structures vary significantly. And with the decrease of cooling rate, the linear contraction rate decreases.
Researched the Collision Model of Aluminium-Flakes by High Energy Milling (HEM)
Authors: Cai Xiao Lan , Pei Zhi Ming
Published: November 2010

This paper applied to relations of the milling time、flakes thickness and diameter size D50 of Al-flakes by High Energy Milling(HEM) use the Benjaminm collision model. Through established of the collision model, the relationship of various technical indicators can be calculated of the flakes, and it can be used to guidance of the preparation and optimize the process.
Spring-Back Prediction of U-Channel Stamping with Martensite Transformation
Authors: Dan Wen Jiao , Zhang Wei Gang , Li Shu Hui
Published: November 2010

As an advanced high strength steels, transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP) steel has obtained more and more attentions in automotive body components forming. The TRIP effect of this steel can improve the strength of the material, which results in the spring-back angle is different with that without TRIP effect. In this paper, the spring-back process of U-channel stamping with TRIP effect is studied by deformation energy method, which is based on a constitutive model accompanying strain-induced transformation in strain rate condition. The results have shown that martensite volume fraction distribution in key parts is related to the deformation energy of material, which induces the spring-back angle higher than those without TRIP.
Microstructural Evolution of Eutectic Al-Si Alloys Produced by Semi-Continuously DC Casting during Heating and Hot-Rolling
Authors: Hong Tao , Zhao Gang , Tian Ni , Yu Fu Xiao , Zuo Liang
Published: November 2010

Semi-continuously direct chill (DC in short) casting was carried out to modify the size and morphology of eutectic Si particles in eutectic Al-Si alloy. Successively, the size, morphology, distribution characters of eutectic Si particles and the hot plasticity ability of the alloy during heating and hot-rolling were investigated by the observation of optical microstructure characterization and the rolling of wedge bar. The results show that the eutectics in the eutectic Al-Si alloy can be remarkably fined by semi-continuously DC cast. The eutectic Si phase particles will coarsen and spheroidize after holding at 480°C for 2h, which enables eutectic Al-Si alloy to possess excellent hot plasticity free of cracked edge with compression ratio of rolling up to 85% by single pass. Though little difference on the size of spheroidized Si particles during hot rolling can be observed, uniform distribution of the Si particles can be obtained by hot rolling with compression ratio of 85%.
Mechanical Properties of Reinforced Steel Beams Influenced by the Degree of Unloading
Authors: Jia Lian Guang , Gao Ya , Hou Li Zhe
Published: November 2010

Several I-shaped steel beams reinforced by CFRP are unloaded at different levels and the mechanical properties are analyzed and compared. Five forms of I-shaped steel beam (beam without reinforced; reinforced beam in condition of non-unloading; reinforced beam in condition of 50% unloaded; reinforced beam in condition of 75% unloaded; reinforced beam in condition of completely unloaded) are analyzed and compared. Conclusions are made that the stiffness and yielding load of I-shaped steel beams reinforced by CFRP are improved and the bearing capacity is improved for certain degree when the beams are unloaded.
Reliability of Non Damage Testing and Calculating Method of the Original Defect Size
Authors: Liu Qing Gang , Yu Xin Qi , Shen Shi Ming
Published: November 2010

In this article, factors that influence the reliability of non damage testing is studied, and a method was developed to calculate the reliability of non damage testing. More over, a method based on the reliability of non damage testing was developed to calculate the possible maximum size of defect. This study will offer original defect size data to the safety assessment.
Study on Weaving Technique Based on Wheel-Rib Mechnism and Its Infuences on Mechnics Property of Metal Rubber Material
Authors: Yang Jian Chun , Liu Guo Quan , Bai Hong Bai , Li Dong Wei
Published: November 2010

For optimizing making techniques of metal rubber material, the new weaving technique based on wheel-rib mechanism is firstly put forward. Compared with former ones, the components made by the technique own the larger elastic reversions, and the static and dynamical tests prove that the stiffness of them is the smaller, as well as their elasticity and damp are larger. So the weaving technique on wheel-rib mechanism can increase a lot of elastic and damper quality of metal rubber material components, there is great significance for improving the making techniques of metal rubber material.