bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perangkat Keras Komputer
Authors: Sari Meida Kukita
Published: April 2020

Perangkat keras komputer atau disebu juga hardware merupakan seluruh perangkat komputer yang dapat dilihat secara fisik atau dapat diraba secara nyata, yang berfungsi untuk mendukung proses berjalannya komputer dan saling bekerja sama untuk mencapai tujuan dalam sistem pengoperasian komputer tersebut. Dalam sebuah komputer terdiri dari beberapa perangkat yang diperlukan untuk menjadi satu kesatuan dan menjalankan fungsi dari komputer tersebut sesuai dengan kebutuhan dari pengguna. Perangkat-perangkat tersebut berjalan sesuai dengan fungsinya masing-masing untuk mengolah data, informasi, perintah-perintah mulai dari input, proses, penyimpanan dan diterjemahkan menjadi output. Perangkat keras (hardware) komputer adalah alat-alat dari komputer yang dapat dilihat, disentuh atau berwujud/berbentuk untuk mendukung kinerja dari komputer itu sendiri. Jenis-jenis hardware pada komputer tidak hanya tertuju pada bagian dalam komputer saja, melainkan semua perangkat yang mendukung kinerja komputer.
administrasi tata usaha
Authors: kurnia Elsa puji , Afriansyah Hade
Published: April 2020

School administration is very functional as adocument in the school where it can be used in information, all activities ranging frommanufacturing, managing, structuring to storing all the data that has been needed. The research method used is to look for sources contained in journals, books and articles. Administrations is part of the school to be able to support teaching and learning activities so that learning accordingly.
Reactive inhibition capacities predict proactive adjustments after an error, but not in risk-takers
Authors: Grisetto Fanny , Le Denmat Pierre , Dinca Andreea , Ghoulti Isabelle Desenclos-El , Delevoye-Turrell Yvonne , Roger Clémence
Published: April 2020

According to the dual mechanisms of cognitive control, both reactive and proactive mechanisms are involved in adjusting behaviors when those are no longer appropriate to the environment. These mechanisms follow a computational tradeoff between costs and benefits, orienting the choice towards one or the other control mechanisms. To our knowledge, this trade-off between reactive and proactive processes has not been empirically challenged. Moreover, few studies have investigated the influence of inter-individual characteristics on this trade-off. In the current study, we focused on risk-taking propensity. A total of 176 healthy adults performed two cognitive control tasks (the Simon, the Stop Signal tasks) and a risk-taking assessment (the Balloon Analog Risk Taking, BART). For each individual, the Stop Signal Reaction Time (SSRT) was used to assess reactive inhibition capacities and the mean duration of the button press in the BART was used as an index of risk-taking propensity. The post-error slowing (PES) in the Simon task was used as a marker of the individuals’ tendency to proactively adjust their behavior after an error. Our results showed that smaller SSRT, revealing better reactive inhibition capacities, were associated with shorter PES, suggesting less involvement of proactive adjustments. The variation in proactive adjustments as a function of reactive inhibition capacities was observed in the low risk-taking group only. In individuals with high risk-taking propensity, poor reactive inhibition capacities were not compensated by greater involvement of proactive behavioral adjustments.
The Leaky Integrating Threshold and its impact on evidence accumulation models of choice RT
Authors: Verdonck Stijn , Loossens Tim , Philiastides Marios G.
Published: April 2020

A common assumption in choice response time modelling is that after evidence accumulation reaches a certain decision threshold, the choice is categorically communicated to the motor system that then executes the response. However, neurophysiological findings suggest that motor preparation partly overlaps with evidence accumulation, and is not independent from stimulus difficulty level. We propose to model this entanglement by changing the nature of the decision criterion from a simple threshold to an actual process. More specifically, we propose a secondary, motor preparation related, leaky accumulation process that takes the accumulated evidence of the original decision process as a continuous input, and triggers the actual response when it reaches its own threshold. We analytically develop this Leaky Integrating Threshold (LIT), applying it to a simple constant drift diffusion model, and show how its parameters can be estimated with the D*M method. Reanalyzing three different datasets, the LIT extension is shown to outperform a standard drift diffusion model using multiple statistical approaches. Further, the LIT leak parameter is shown to be better at explaining the speed/accuracy trade-off manipulation than the commonly used boundary separation parameter. These improvements can also be verified using traditional diffusion model analyses, for which the LIT predicts the violation of several common selective parameter influence assumptions. These predictions are consistent with what is found in the data and with what is reported experimentally in the literature. Crucially, this work offers a new benchmark against which to compare neural data to offer neurobiological validation for the proposed processes.
Efficacy of Hydroxychloroquine in Patients with COVID-19 (Chen et al., 2020): Moderate Evidence for a Treatment Effect on Pneumonia
Authors: Wagenmakers Eric-Jan , Gronau Quentin Frederik
Published: April 2020

A recent randomized clinical trial assessed the efficacy of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) in the treatment of patients with common coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19). 1 The results showed that “the body temperature recovery time and the cough remission time were significantly shortened in the HCQ treatment group. Besides, a larger proportion of patients with improved pneumonia in the HCQ treatment group (80.6%, 25 of 31) compared with the control group (54.8%, 17 of 31).” A Bayesian reanalysis of the pneumonia data provides support for the hypothesis that HCQ improves pneumonia in patients with COVID-19. However, the degree of this support is moderate. In line with the authors’ conclusion, more data are needed to draw definite conclusions.
Violating social distancing amid the COVID-19 pandemic: Psychological factors to improve compliance
Authors: Farias Jéssica Esther Machado , Pilati Ronaldo
Published: April 2020

This study uses the theory of planned behavior as a framework to predict intentions of social distancing violation and past non-compliance during the COVID-19 pandemic, controlling for the effects of intolerance of uncertainty and sociodemographic variables. A total of 2,056 Brazilian participants completed measures on attitudes, injunctive and descriptive norms, and perceived behavioral control toward social distancing and answered about their political ideology, income, professional status, gender, and age. Our findings indicate that positive attitudes toward complying with physical distancing, strong descriptive norms using ingroup members as referents, and weaker perceived behavioral control over breaching social distancing predict stronger intentionsof adhering to it and actual adherence. Besides, individuals who support right-wing parties, earn lower wages, are students, unemployed, young, and male are more prone to stronger intentions of violating this preventive measure. We suggest designing interventions that foster positive attitudes toward social distancing and address the negative consequences that non-compliance can cause to ingroup members to persuade individuals to stay at home. We also discuss the need for support from prominent political figures and provide evidence to the relevance of investing in conditional cash transfer programs to increase adherence to this preventive measure.
History of Evidence-Based Practice
Authors: lilienfeld scott , Basterfield Candice
Published: April 2020

Evidence-based therapies stemmed from the movement toward evidence-based medicine, and later, evidence-based practice (EBP) in psychology and allied fields. EBP reflects a progressive historical shift from naïve empiricism, which is based on raw and untutored observations of patient change, to systematic empiricism, which refines and hones such observations with the aid of systematic research techniques. EBP traces its roots in part to the development of methods of randomization in the early 20th century. In American psychology, EBP has traditionally been conceptualized as a three-legged stool comprising high-quality treatment outcome evidence, clinical expertise, and patient preferences and values. The research leg of the stool is typically operationalized in terms of a hierarchy of evidentiary certainty, with randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses of such trials toward the apex. The most influential operationalization of the EBP research leg is the effort to identify empirically supported treatments, which are psychotherapies that have been demonstrated to work for specific psychological conditions. Still, EBP remains scientifically controversial in many quarters, and some critics have maintained that the research base underpinning it is less compelling than claimed by its proponents.
An Analysis of the Scientific Status and Limitations of The Attitudinal Entropy Framework and an Initial Test of Some of Its Empirical Predictions
Authors: Van Dessel Pieter , De Houwer Jan , Hughes Sean , Hussey Ian
Published: April 2020

Dalege, Borsboom, van Harreveld, and van der Maas (2018) describe a novel framework for the conceptualization of attitudes that draws on principles from statistical mechanics. A core idea in their framework is that systems are often characterized by randomness (i.e., entropy) and that there is both heuristic and predictive value in applying the idea of entropy to the study of attitudes and related phenomena. We applaud their initiative: the attitudinal entropy framework provides an intriguing new perspective on theoretical questions and empirical findings in social psychology. It opens up new avenues for research in many areas and is a timely contribution given the growing popularity of predictive processing theories emphasizing entropy as an important factor in human cognition (for a recent overview see Metzinger & Wiese, 2017).
Hydroxychloroquine in Patients with COVID-19 (Chen et al., 2020): Absence of Evidence, Not Evidence of Absence
Authors: Gronau Quentin Frederik , Wagenmakers Eric-Jan
Published: April 2020

A recent trial assessed the efficacy of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) in the treatment of patients with common coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19). 1 The results showed that “On day 7, COVID-19 nucleic acid of throat swabs was negative in 13 (86.7%) cases [of out 15] in the HCQ group and 14 (93.3%) cases [out of 15] in the control group (P>0.05). Here we present a Bayesian reanalysis of the data, showing that the data under consideration neither undercut nor support the HCQ hypothesis in a compelling fashion. One of the reasons for this lack of diagnosticity is that both the HCQ group and the control group showed high recovery rates. In line with the authors’ conclusion, more data are needed to draw definite conclusions.
Scale length does matter: Recommendations for Measurement Invariance Testing with Categorical Factor Analysis and Item Response Theory Approaches
Authors: D'Urso E. Damiano , De Roover Kim , Vermunt Jeroen K. , Tijmstra Jesper
Published: April 2020

In social sciences, the study of group differences concerning latent constructs is ubiquitous. These constructs are generally measured by means of scales composed of ordinal items. In order to compare these constructs across groups, one crucial requirement is that they are measured equivalently or, in technical jargon, that measurement invariance (MI) holds across the groups. This study compared the performance of scale- and item-level approaches based on multiple group categorical confirmatory factor analysis (MG-CCFA) and multiple group item response theory (MG-IRT) in testing MI with ordinal data. In general, the results of the simulation studies showed that, MG-CCFA-based approaches outperformed MG-IRT-based approaches when testing MI at the scale level, whereas, at the item level, the best performing approach depends on the tested parameter (i.e., loadings or thresholds). That is, when testing loadings equivalence, the likelihood ratio test provided the best trade-off between true positive rate and false positve rate, whereas, when testing thresholds equivalence, the chi-square test outperformed the other testing strategies. In addition, the performance of MG-CCFA's fit measures, such as RMSEA and CFI, seemed to depend largely on the length of the scale, especially when MI was tested at the item level. General caution is recommended when using these measures, especially when MI is tested for each item individually.
Initial evidence on the relationship between the coronavirus pandemic and crime in the United States
Authors: Ashby Matthew P J
Published: April 2020

The COVID-19 pandemic led to substantial changes in the daily activities of millions of Americans, with many businesses and schools closed, public events cancelled and states introducing stay-at-home orders. This article used police-recorded open crime data to understand how the frequency of common types of crime changed in 16 large cities across the United States in the early months of 2020. Seasonal auto-regressive integrated moving average (SARIMA) models of crime in previous years were used to forecast the expected frequency of crime in 2020 in the absence of the pandemic. The forecasts from these models were then compared to the actual frequency of crime during the early months of the pandemic. There were no significant changes in the frequency of serious assaults in public or (contrary to the concerns of policy makers) any change to the frequency of serious assaults in residences. In many cities, there were reductions in residential burglary but little change in non-residential burglary. In most cities, thefts of motor vehicles decreased while there were diverging patterns of thefts from motor vehicles. These results are used to make suggestions for future research into the relationships between the coronavirus pandemic and different crimes.
Using local knowledge in emerging infectious disease research
Authors: Gaddy Hampton Gray
Published: April 2020

Emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) are a growing global health threat. The best research protocol to date on predicting and preventing infectious disease emergence states that urgent research must commence to identify unknown human and animal pathogens. This short communication proposes that the ethnobiological knowledge of indigenous and impoverished communities can be a source of information about some of those unknown pathogens. I present the ecological and anthropological theory behind this proposal, as well as a few case studies that serve as a limited proof of concept. This paper also serves as a call to arms for the medical anthropology community. It gives a brief primer on the EID crisis and how anthropology research may be vital to limiting its havoc on global health. Local knowledge is not likely to play a major role in EID research initiatives, but the use of the incorporation of EID awareness into standard medical anthropological practice would have myriad benefits, even if no EIDs were discovered this way.
Potential implication of the COVID-19 pandemic on altitude training programming
Authors: Manferdelli Giorgio , Bishop David , Franchi Martino V , Sarto Fabio , Girard Olivier , Porcelli Simone
Published: April 2020

Since this is an editorial, no abstract is available.
Cord blood 25-hydroxy Vitamin D and Fluoride in newborn with congenital anomalies
Authors: Ghosh Abhra , Bhardwaj Jagriti
Published: April 2020

Background: It is well known that deficiency of 25 - hydroxy Vitamin D can cause various musculoskeletal manifestations as well as metabolic, non-musculoskeletal abnormalities. There may be a chance that hypovitaminosis D can act as a causative factor for congenital anomalies.
Aims and Objectives: The present study was planned to evaluate the level of 25 - hydroxy Vitamin D in cord blood in cases of congenital anomalies and its association with cord blood fluoride levels in newborns with visible congenital anomalies.
Materials and Methods: Thirty newborns with visible congenital anomalies were included in group I and thirty healthy newborns without any congenital anomalies were included group II. Ten mL cord blood was collected from the placental end of umbilical cord immediately after delivery of the baby and serum was separated. Serum 25 - hydroxy Vitamin D and fluoride were analyzed by standard methods.
Statistical analysis: Results were expressed as Mean ± SD. Unpaired ‘t’ test and Pearson correlation test were applied. Data were considered to be significant if p < 0.05.
Results: Serum 25 - hydroxy Vitamin D levels were significantly decreased in babies with congenital anomalies (p=0.001) and show a significant negative association with fluoride.Anomalies related to central nervous system and musculoskeletal systems had the lowest 25 - hydroxy Vitamin D levels and highest serum fluoride levels than other anomalies of other systems.
Conclusion: Fluoride can acts as an inhibitor for activation of calciferol causing a decrease in 25 - hydroxy Vitamin D levels. Thus 25 - hydroxy Vitamin D is an important micronutrient for proper development of the fetus and association of it with excess fluoride can cause congenital anomalies.
COVID 19: An Epidemiological and Host Genetics Appraisal
Authors: Bandyopadhyay Arup Ratan , Chatterjee Diptendu , Ghosh Kusum , Sarkar Pranabesh
Published: April 2020

Coronaviruses (CoVs) is a single single-strand RNA genome approximately 26 - 32 kb in size. Out of the seven coronaviruses, three HCoVs (Human CoVs) have been discovered that causes severe pneumonia such as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) and recently recognized SARS-CoV-2, which possesses varying degrees of lethality worldwide and happened to be bioterrorism in terms of the recent outbreak through human-to-human transmission from China to all over the world. Epidemiological and Clinical study on SARS-COV-2 have recently been reported world-wide but lack of data on prognosis factors including effective medicine or vaccine are yet to be clinically approved to prevent this infectious disease. Human pathogenic coronaviruses SARS-CoV-2 bind to their target cells through ACE2, which is expressed by epithelial cells of the lung, intestine, kidney, and blood vessels. The difference in distribution, maturation, and functioning of viral receptors could be considered as a possible reason for the genetic heterogeneity of ACE2, and age and sex related difference in the incidence of the disease such as, the positive correlation with ACE2 expression and age including the severity of the infection of SARS-CoV-2. Since the ACE2 location in X chromosome, therefore, the males presumable might have more morbidity and mortality by SARS-CoV-2 than females due to sex-based immunological differences like greater observable circulating level of ACE2 in males or else it may be due to the patterns of life style variables such as prevalence of smoking among the males. Additionally, the Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 1 (ACE1) is characterized by a genetic insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism in intron 16, which is associated with alterations in circulating and tissue concentrations of ACE, where the study reported as D allele is associated with a reduced expression of ACE2. Nevertheless, studies from different states of Indian population on ACE I/D gene polymorphism shows higher frequency of I allele which might explain the lower prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in Indian population and consequently be subject matter of research of SARS-CoV-2 on epidemiological and public health issues.
EMERGENCY RELOCATION OF A CARDIO - SURGICAL HEALTH FACILITY DUE TO WAR
Authors: DJANKOU TCHOUTAT Lionel , ALBONICO Vincenzo
Published: April 2020

This article seeks to share our experience on the consequences of a poorly managed conflict and its impact on a healthcare institution. We further try to talk on what it takes to relocate, especially such a vital sector like cardiac surgery amidst the socio-economic and socio-political context in which the hospital happens to be situated. Bearing in mind that the promptness of a patient’s recovery in a healthcare facility depends immensely on how accurate the engineers were during the design and construction phase, how precise international standards are implemented in the various engineering sectors of the hospital is of capital importance. Following the Cameroonian mind set, wherein division of labor and meritocracy are usually far fetch realities, it is therefore of prime importance to choose experienced and qualified contractors, architects, project managers to take part in the implementation of healthcare projects. The process of relocating either temporarily or permanently some health services from a crisis stricken zone to a safer environment also demands a lot of tactfulness in decision making as well as personnel involvement. All personnels from the various sectors being relocated must work closely with the team leader such that all necessary equipment, consumables, surgical materials are put together in order to simplify logistics and even safeguard the logistical process.
The Chinese Experience - Fighting Against Covid-19, Shanxi Medical Engineers
Authors: Zhang Jin , Li Jiansheng , Wu Zhiyong
Published: April 2020

COVID-19 was raging wildly across China. Although it is a war without gunpowder smoke, it is extremely fierce. Countless Medical staff at the frontline is fighting with death and the virus just to protect those infected who firmly believe in them.This artical describes the work of clinical engineers in Shanxi Province of China to fight against COVID-19.
NASAB BAYI TABUNG DALAM PRESPEKTIF HUKUM ISLAM DAN MAQASID SYARI’AH
Authors: Farida Ulvi Na’imah Mohammad Fahrudi Noer
Published: April 2020

The main problem in this research is how the reasons for determining nasab IVF and how is the study of Maqasid al-Shari'ah about nasab ?. This research is classified as research (Librative qualitative research). In answering the existing problems, the authors collected data through documentation by utilizing several books that deal with problems. And then analyzed using descriptive methods of analysis with a deductive mindset that is expressed data in general and then drawn to specifics. The results of this study reveal that there are two ways of making IVF that are justified by religion and fulfill the legal requirements of Islamic law. Namely: 1) Fertilazation in Vitro (FIV) by taking the husband's sperm and wife's ovum then processed in vitro (tube), and after fertilization, then transferred in the wife's uterus. 2) Intra Felopian Tuba Gramet (GIFT) by taking husband's sperm and wife's ovum, and after fertilization occurs, it is immediately planted in the oviduct (fallopian tube). In terms of the Maqasid al-Sharia'h, the text is one of the goals of creating benefit, regularity and expediency to protect offspring. In the perspective of Maqasid as-Shari'ah categorized as al-Muhafadzah ala an-Nasl (maintaining offspring), namely: guaranteeing the sustainability of the human population to stay alive and develop healthy and sturdy, both character and religion.
DISORDERS OF CARDIAC RHYTHM IN PATIENTS WITH PRE-EXCITATION SYNDROME OF VENTRICLES AND THEIR PHARMACOLOGICAL CORRECTION
Authors: Lutsenko R.V. , Kapustnick Yu. A. , Sydorenko A. H.
Published: April 2020

The aim of the research was to analyze the possibility of using different antiarrhythmic agents in patients with pre-excitation syndrome and disorders of cardiac rhythm. Most typical disorders of cardiac rhythm in patients with pre-excitation syndrome are orthodromic reciprocating supraventricular tachycardia, antidromic supraventricular tachycardia, atrial fibrillation and atrial fibrillation. During attack of tachycardia in patients with syndrome of pre-excitation, different clinical symptoms can be observed. They can range from mild palpitation to syncope. This tachycardia can be even reason of sudden cardiac death. Main its mechanism is macroreentrant circuit involving the AV-node, the additional pathway, the atria, the ventricles. To arrest the attacks of atrioventricular reciprocating tachycardia in patients with WPW syndrome and with narrow complexes QRS, calcium channel blocker verapamil has efficacy in 95% of patients. However, for treatment this arrhythmia with wide complexes QRS verapamil is contraindicated. Besides, it should be taken in account that treatment with this type of cardiac arrhythmia cardiac glycosides is also forbidden. Verapamil and cardiac glycosides are contraindicated for termination of arrhythmia in patients with WPW syndrome and such disorders of cardiac rhythm as atrial fibrillation (flutter). For therapy of atrial fibrillation (flutter) in patients with WPW syndrome antiarrhythmic agents of agents of І A subclass (quinidine, procainamide, disopyramide, propafenone) and ІІІ class (amiodarone, sotalol) can be useful. For interruption of paroxysmal tachycardia in patients with pre-excitation syndrome antiarrhythmical preparations of plant origin (gilurytmal and allapinin) have high efficacy. Termination of paroxysmal tachycardia in patients with premature excitation of ventricles can be achieved after administration of antiarrhythmic agents of ІС subclass, in particular after using of propafenone and encainide. However, treatment with the help of these agents quite often leads to appearance of arrhythmogenic action. In pre-excitation syndrome and cardiac arrhythmias, it is impossible to use drugs, which cause the acceleration of conductivity of nerve impulses in additional pathways (cardiac glycosides, β-blocker agents, for example propranolol). In patients with paroxysmal atrioventricular reciprocating (circular) tachycardia digitalis and calcium channel blockers should be avoided. Such agents as digoxin and verapamil in this arrhythmia can turn out to be dangerous in WPW syndrome, since they raise the conductivity through additional conductive pathways.
Psychedelic drugs as a long-needed innovation in psychiatry
Authors: Oña Genis , Bouso José Carlos
Published: April 2020

The field of psychiatry is facing unprecedented challenges. Despite recent important innovations, several mental disorders continue to lack effective treatment. After briefly exploring some of the current challenges, we suggest that the therapeutic use of psychedelic drugs in psychotherapeutic settings represents a promising and integrative treatment with enduring effects for mental health patients. We then propose that psychedelic psychotherapy could be an important innovation in the field, providing a treatment that combines complex pharmacological action with enhanced psychotherapeutic interventions.
A contribution to the hypothesis of nicotinic challenge as therapeutic option for COVID-19 patients
Authors: Manni Luigi , Tieri Paolo , Soligo Marzia
Published: April 2020

The pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 represents an open and unresolved challenge for the global health system. The need to identify drugs that demonstrate efficacy in countering both the mechanisms of interaction of SARS-CoV-2 with host cells and to control the devastating inflammatory phenomena that characterize the late stages of viral infection, requires increasingly urgent answers. The biomedical research approach based on the repurposing of already approved drugs seems to be one of the most viable strategies in this struggle. Through a computational pharmacology approach and on the basis of what has been recently reported on the potential of nicotinic receptors in countering both phases of COVID-19, in this work we propose a hypothesis aimed at widening the spectrum of pharmacological tools currently available to medical doctors. Our proposal specifically concerns the possibility of using tropisetron, a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist at the same time positive allosteric interactor of the nicotinic alpha-7 receptor, in order to inhibit unexplored virus-host interaction and restore the physiological control mechanisms of the excessive inflammation caused by SARS-CoV-2.
La reforma de la “Ley del menor”
Authors: Sánchez Carrasco Ana María
Published: April 2020

Las modificaciones recientemente introducidas en la Ley del Menor no han hecho sino endurecer una ley considerada blanda y permisiva con respecto a los menores infractores. Las innovaciones vienen a introducir el matiz de la venganza en relación con las actuaciones de la víctima en el proceso, sin embargo, en la práctica no aportan apenas nada nuevo al procedimiento.
En defensa de los indios
Authors: Rul-lán Buades Gaspar
Published: April 2020

El artículo analiza las distintas políticas que, conocidas con el genérico nombre de “indigenismo”, han desarrollado, a través de seis siglos los no–indios, para intentar someter, amparar, segregar, aniquilar, asimilar o integrar a las poblaciones indígenas de Latinoamérica. Luego se presenta el nuevo movimiento liderado por los propios indios, conocido como “indianismo”, que se opone a los “indigenismos” y propugna el derecho de autodeterminación de los pueblos aborígenes del Nuevo Mundo.
XVII Reunión del Grupo Fomento Social
Authors: Camacho Laraña Ildefonso
Published: April 2020

El Grupo Fomento Social reúne a jesuitas de España y Portugal que trabajan en el campo social, bien sea en la acción directa, bien en tareas de estudio e investigación, bien mediante la inserción en zonas marginadas. Su encuentro anual ha tenido lugar esta vez en Madrid1. Se reunieron un total de 30 jesuitas, a los que se unieron tres laicos que colaboran estrechamente con instituciones de la Compañía de Jesús.
La vivienda en España:
Authors: Redacción Consejo de
Published: April 2020

Se trata de un problema que preocupa en España pero también en otros países. La imparable subida de los precios de la vivienda nueva y “usada”, así como los comportamientos intensamente especulativos en este mercado tienen importantes efectos económicos y sociales. Se alude a los dos componentes distintos de la demanda: a) la vivienda para atender a una necesidad primaria que es a la que se reﬁere la Constitución Española; y b) la vivienda como inversión. Se analiza la preferencia de los españoles por la propiedad de la vivienda y el menor atractivo del alquiler; en este sentido se alude a la ﬁnanciación y a la ﬁscalidad como elementos que inciden sobre esta preferencia. Se subraya la importancia del suelo en la construcción y el papel de la Administración Pública, sobre todo la local. Se sugieren ﬁnalmente, unas propuestas de acciones públicas y privadas, concretadas, entre otros aspectos, en las Viviendas de Protección Oﬁcial.
EXTRACTING THE WATERLINE FROM LANDSAT IMAGES
Authors: Pham Thao Thi Phuong , Ho Duan Dinh , Dang To Van
Published: April 2020

Remote sensing technology nowadays is one of the most useful tools for scientific research in general and for oceanography in particular. From satellite images, the useful information such as waterline images can be extracte for a large region simultaneously. After tidal adjustments, the waterlines can be used as the observed shorelines which are important inputs for estimating shoreline changes by either using the integration of remote sensing and GIS or using numerical models. Based on the spectral bands of various Landsat images, the paper presents the methods to detect the waterlines in Phan Thiet region in the 40 years period using the images of 1973, 1976, 1990, and 2002 respectively. The extracted results relatively agree with the information of waterline from the images.
STUDYING THE TRANSPARENT AND ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF ZnO:Ti THIN FILM WHICH IS PREPARED BY DC MAGNETRON SPUTTERINGSPUTTERING
Authors: Ho Binh Van , Le Hung Vu Tuan , Nguyen Nhien Thi Ngoc , Huynh Dat Thanh , Duong Phuong Ai , Le Hieu Van
Published: April 2020

The Ti-doped Zno films were deposited onto glass substrates from ceramic targets ZnO with various Ti concentrations using a DC magnetron sputtering. The experimental results show that all thin films are transparent and conductive oxide films, with the appropriate Ti concentration (⁓1.5% Ti), the conductance of films can be improved. Optical characteristics of thin films was determined by UV-V is spectroscopy. The thickness of thin films was measured by Stylus method. The electrical resistivity was measured by four-point probe, and the roughness of films was determined by AFM.
PREDICTION OF B-CELL DISCONTINUOUS EPITOPES ON MATRIX PROTEIN OF H5N1 VIRUS
Authors: Tran Vinh Ngoc , Vo Quy Cam , Tran Thuoc Linh
Published: April 2020

Although discontinuous epitopes make up 90% of total number of B-cell epitopes, however, because of difficulties in the development of method for their prediction, most of the B-cell epitope prediction methods today focus on continuous epitopes. To serve for the development of vaccine against H5N1 virus, we have been studying on in silico prediction of T- and B-cell continuous as well as B-cell discontinuous epitopes on H5N1 viral antigens. In this study, using the homology modeling method, we have generated structures of matrix protein of the H5N1 virus and predicted B-cell discontinuous epitopes. 60 out of 72 predicted residues were similar with those reported by the CEP method (Conformational Epitope Prediction). All predicted aminoacid residues were hydrophilic, polar, electrically charged and located on the surface of the antigen structures.
BEBERAPA FAKTOR TERJADINYA TINDAK PENCABULAN OLEH ANAK (Studi pada Kepolisian Resort Banggai)
Authors: Rays H.M. Ikhwan
Published: April 2020

This research is intended to study what factors are causing the follow-up of child molestation in Banggai Regency and what efforts have been made by the Banggai Resort Police in an effort to overcome the crime of sexual abuse by children in the District. Be proud To find out the objectives needed, this study uses empirical juridical where the method or method used in this legal research is to use primary data, that is the data obtained by the author from the research location and use secondary data obtained from data / existing library materials. Outcome factors, factors that cause child abuse in Banggai Regency are: educational factors, environmental factors, alcoholic drinks factors and technological factors. Whereas the efforts carried out by the Banggai Regional Police consist of: pre-emptive efforts, preventive measures and repressive efforts
化工压力容器的安全控制研究
Authors: 王 颖 , 李 桂苓 , 白 洪宇 , 孙 丽娜 , 陈 月佳
Published: April 2020

随着工业技术的迅速发展,化工压力容器在工业技术的推动下,从化工企业生产、储存和运输等领域中,得到了广泛利用。科技在不断进步,这就促使化工压力容器在耐高温、耐高压、耐高负荷方面的性能方面不断加强,这也为化工企业创造了良好的经济基础,为我们国家对化工的应用提供了安全的保障。因为化工业的生产条件有很大的多样性,化工原料的动态反应也是相当多变和危险的,所以要有效是控制化工压力容器的安全性,本篇文章通过对化工压力容器的安全因素进行分析,深度探究化工压力容器的安全控制策略,给相关技术人员提供理论上的参考。
Public Administration’s Regulatory Acts: Classification Issues
Authors: Bila V. R.
Published: April 2020

The author has attempted to group public administration’s normative acts. The advantages of classification as the method of cognition of state and legal phenomena and rules of its conduction have been outlined. The criteria for classification of public administration’s regulatory acts have been clarified. That made it possible to specify the content of the components identified as a result of the classification. The author has emphasized the necessity of forming theoretical system of regulatory acts as forms of public administration, establishing their clear hierarchy and competent independence.

Based on the competence of the public administration entity, it has been offered to distinguish general, departmental, interagency and local regulatory acts. The author has offered to improve the competence of public administration agencies with regard to normative and legal regulation of public administration relations. The author has indicated on the need to rethink the scope of the concept of local regulatory acts and has offered to include exclusively the acts of professional self-government agencies of socially important professions. The author has emphasized on the necessity to set general requirements for local rule-making in order to avoid procedural violations.

According to the functional purpose, the author has offered to distinguish program, regulatory, law enforcement, competence, statutory and structural acts, as well as planning acts. Competent acts define the sphere of responsibility, main tasks and powers, managerial relations within the agency of public administration and its organizational and legal form; structural acts – the territorial and functional structure of public administration agencies, distribution of powers, etc., statutory acts – the procedure of management and functioning of public institution. Program and planning acts do not cause the immediate effects of legal consequences such as the emergence, change or termination of subjective rights and legal obligations and related legal relations, which, however, does not mean that they do not lose the features of normativity. The legal force of such acts will depend on the entity that approved the act: the higher its place in the hierarchy of executive authorities, the higher its legal power.
Functions and Authorities of the Armed Forces of Ukraine on the Crime Scene
Authors: Grinenko Y. V.
Published: April 2020

The functions and powers of the Armed Forces of Ukraine in the field of combating crime are researched. The expediency and necessity of studying the functions and powers as structural elements of the administrative and legal status of the Armed Forces of Ukraine is emphasized, which is especially relevant in connection with the reform of the Armed Forces of Ukraine and bringing their service activities to NATO standards.

It is determined that the legal category of "authority" consists of the rights and obligations of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, including in the sphere of crime counteraction, aimed at the implementation of functions and tasks of the Armed Forces of Ukraine in accordance with the current legislation.

It is emphasized that in order to ensure the implementation of the said functions of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, they have the right to take measures to restore the territorial integrity of Ukraine, as well as to provide comprehensive development of secure, economic, information, telecommunication, social and humanitarian infrastructure on the territories adjacent to the temporarily occupied territories in Donetsk and Luhansk to implement, in accordance with strategic defense planning documents, measures to strengthen defense and security capabilities of the country.

Regulatory acts defining the functions and powers of certain structural units of the Armed Forces of Ukraine are analyzed. The author's vision of the concept of "functions of the Armed Forces of Ukraine" is offered and his own classification of functions and powers of the Armed Forces of Ukraine is given.
Recomendaciones sobre diagnóstico, manejo y estudio de la infección del tracto urinario en pediatría. Rama de Nefrología de la Sociedad Chilena de Pediatría. Parte 1
Authors: Hevia J. Pilar , Alarcón O. Claudia , González C Claudia , Nazal Ch Vilma , Rosati M María Pía
Published: April 2020

La infección del tracto urinario (ITU) es una de las infecciones bacterianas mas frecuentes en la edad pediátrica, pero su diagnóstico y manejo se pueden ver complicados por lo inespecífico de sus síntomas y signos de presentación, la dificultad en la interpretación de los exámenes, especialmente en niños mas pequeños, y por un pronóstico respecto a daño renal muchas veces incierto. En los últimos años, se ha evidenciado una modificación significativa en el enfoque diagnostico y terapéutico de esta patología, surgiendo la necesidad de actualizar las recomendaciones previas. El propósito de esta revisión es contribuir a reducir la variabilidad de la práctica clínica en el manejo de ITU en la población pediátrica, mejorando la detección y manejo de la patología estructural y otros factores de riesgo de daño renal, evitando acciones innecesarias en aquellos niños con bajo riesgo. En esta primera parte, se presentan las recomendaciones en cuanto a diagnóstico y manejo de la ITU en pediatría. En la segunda parte se detalla su estudio, prevención y seguimiento.
La oportunidad de incorporar el bienestar subjetivo en la protección de la infancia y adolescencia en Chile
Authors: Cabieses Baltica , Obach Alexandra , Molina Xaviera
Published: April 2020

Los niños, niñas y adolescentes (NNA) representan a un cuarto de la población chilena, sobre la cual en términos de protección el país se ha enfocado en la promoción de igualdad de oportunidad de derechos en base a convenciones internacionales. Sin embargo, aún los NNA siguen muriendo por causas prevenibles y modificables, además de experimentar importantes grados de vulnerabilidad, situación que repercute en complejos efectos emocionales y cognitivos a lo largo de su ciclo vital. Según la evidencia internacional el bienestar de los NNA va directamente relacionado con los índices de desigualdad social, valorando el bienestar como un componente esencial y transversal a los derechos de los NNA del país. En Chile, el bienestar subjetivo se define como las percepciones de los NNA respecto de sus condiciones vitales -tanto en el aspecto económico, como social, cultural, de salud y logros personales. Este concepto se ha estudiado a través de diferentes instrumentos los cuales podrían ser de gran utilidad para promover el componente psicosocial y calidad de vida de los NNA en las estrategias y políticas nacionales en esta población. En esta revision se propone integrar de manera explícita en las políticas públicas de la infancia y adolescencia el concepto de bienestar subjetivo, con el fin de entregar oportunidades justas, positivas y sistemáticas para el máximo desarrollo de los NNA en su ciclo vital, validando empíricamente las condiciones necesarias del buen vivir basado en un enfoque moderno de derechos humanos al cual el país se ha comprometido.
Characteristic of Shallow Subsurface Quaternary Sediment in Nongsa Isle, Part of Putri Islands, Batam, Based on Georadar Data Interpretation
Authors: Hernawan Undang , Geurhaneu Nineu Yayu , Zulfikar Muhammad
Published: April 2020

Nongsa Isle belongs to Putri Islands in Batam, is the outermost island that need to be protected either from natural hazards and anthropogenic factor. Therefore, this study was conducted by performing Ground Penetrating Radar analysis, in order to understand the geological condition particularly sedimentology and its process. We used Sirveyor 20 GPR equipment type with MLF antenna frequency 40 Mhz and Radan 5 as processing software, which include time zero correction, spatial filter, deconvolution, migration and adjustment of amplitude and signal gain. Data interpretation was conducted based on radar facies methodology that describes georadar image/radargram. The study result showed differences of sedimentary facies based on three differences of radar facies units, with the first layer (unit 1) is the youngest unit has thicknesses ranging from 3.5 – 5 m that characterized by parallel, strong reflector, high amplitude and continuous reflector configurations, unit 2 from 5 – 11 meter of depth, indicates parallel reflector pattern with medium-high amplitude and continuous, and unit 3 which is the oldest unit with thickness until penetration limit (11 – 20 m), characterized by a configuration of sub parallel – hummocky reflectors that are undulating, low-medium amplitude reflectors. Based on radar facies characteristics such as reflector configuration, reflection amplitude, and reflection continuity, the differencies of depositional facies are changes from fluvial – coastal plain.
MADRASAH WIWITAN DI BADUY LUAR
Authors: Mastiyah Iyoh
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis paper is the result of research that reveals the role of the Alam Wiwitan madrasah in providing educational services to  Baduy community in Cicakal Girang as an area including Assistance. This study uses qualitative methods with data collection techniques through interviews, observation and documentation guidelines. The research findings show that Cicakal Girang is one of the assisting villages for Baduy people who violate customary rules or because they move on their own. But they are still bound by the Baduy pikukuh (regulations). Because they are still in the communal land (power) Kanekes (Baduy). The people who live in the Kanekes area are unique, where all the inhabitants adhere to the religion of Islam, even though they are traditionally still bound by the Baduy tribe who have Sundanese Wiwitan beliefs. The famous Baduy community still considers taboo on formal education. But in fact, in that region, there has been a formal educational institution in the form of madrasa as a formal education unit that provides education services to children. The following article will reveal how the existence of madrasas in the midst of indigenous peoples who are still intoxicating towards formal education.AbstrakTulisan ini merupakan hasil penelitian yang mengungkap kiprah madrasah Alam Wiwitan dalam memberikan layanan pendidikan pada masyarakat Baduy di Cicakal Girang sebagai wilayah termasuk Penampingan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui pedoman wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Hasil temuan penelitian bahwa Cicakal Girang merupakan salah satu kampung penampingan bagi masyarakat Baduy yang melanggar peraturan adat atau karena pindah atas keinginan sendiri. Namun mereka masih terikat oleh pikukuh (peraturan) adat Baduy. Karena mereka masih berada di tanah ulayat (kekuasaan) Kanekes (Baduy). Masyarakat yang tinggal di wilayah Kanekes ini memiliki keunikan, dimana semua penduduknya menganut agama  Islam, padahal secara adat mereka masih terikat oleh pikukuh Baduy yang memiliki kepercayaan Sunda Wiwitan. Masyarakat Baduy terkenal masih menganggap tabu terhadap pendidikan formal. Namun kenyataanya di wilayah tersebut telah ada Lembaga Pendidikan formal dalam bentuk madrasah sebagai satuan pendidikan formal yang memberikan layanan Pendidikan kepada anak-anak. Tulisan berikut  akan mengungkap bagaimana eksistensi  madrasah  di tengah masyarakat  adat yang masih mentabukan  terhadap pendidikan Formal.
Whipple, un caso menos común de diarrea
Authors: Pradera-Cibreiro Carmen , Vázquez-Friol María del Carmen , Dalama-López Tamara
Published: April 2020

Presentamos el caso de un varón joven con diarrea y artritis monoarticular como debut clínico de la enfermedad de Whipple. Aunque los principales síntomas de esta patología son la pérdida de peso, la diarrea crónica, las artralgias y el dolor abdominal, se trata de una afectación multisistémica que puede afectar a diversos órganos, siendo la afectación del sistema nervioso central la que peor pronóstico confiere a la enfermedad.
Manejo de las infecciones en pacientes embarazadas
Authors: Requena-Calleja María Ángeles , Moreno-Díaz Javier
Published: April 2020

Durante el embarazo, hay cambios fisiológicos que producen alteraciones en la farmacocinética de los diferentes antimicrobianos, además de los efectos tóxicos que los mismos pueden tener sobre el embrión y el feto. La mayor parte de los antibióticos pasan la barrera hematoplacentaria y hay una limitación al realizar ensayos clínicos en el embarazo para valorar la efectividad de unos fármacos u otros. A continuación, se presentan diferentes escenarios clínicos durante el embarazo y las mejores opciones de tratamiento antibiótico
Biblical Etymology of Prophet and Priest
Authors: Xianxing Du James
Published: April 2020

Regarding the origin of language, Genesis claims that ancient languages were divinely diversified. This testimony presents systematic evidence for biblical etymology related to prophet and priest. Priesthood was pivotal in ancient culture, and religious worship is central to civilization. This testimony presents systematic and surprising evidence for relationship of prophet and priest to biblical etymology, indicating that the old testament culture and method of worship are extensively reflected by etymology of words.