bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Design Method for Simple Repetitive Controllers for Time-Delay Plants
Authors: Yamada Kou , Tanaka Hiroshi , Takenaga Hiroshi , Kobayashi Masahiko
Published: June 2023

The modified repetitive control system is a type of servomechanism for the periodic reference input. That is, the modi¯ed repetitive control system follows the periodic reference input with small steady state error, even if a periodic disturbance or uncertainty exists in the plant. Using previously proposed modified repetitive controllers, even if the plants does not includes time-delay, the transfer function from the periodic reference input to the output and that from the disturbance to the output have an infinite number of poles. When the transfer function from the periodic reference input to the output and that from the disturbance to the output have an infinite number of poles, it is dificult to specify the input output characteristic and the disturbance attenuation characteristic. From the practical point of view, it is desirable that the input-output characteristic and the disturbance attenuation characteristic are easily specified. In order to specify the input-output characteristic and the disturbance attenuation characteristic easily, the transfer function from the periodic reference input to the output and that from the disturbance to the output are desirable to have a finite number of poles. Yamada et al. proposed the concept of simple repetitive control systems such that the controller works as a modified repetitive controller and the transfer function from the periodic reference input to the output and that from the disturbance to the output have a finite number of poles. In addition, Yamada et al. clarified the parametrization of all stabilizing simple repetitive controllers. However the method by Yamada et al. cannot be applied for time-delay plants. The purpose of this paper is to propose the parametrization of all stabilizing simple repetitive controllers for time-delay plants.
BCH-based Compactors with Data Compression for Test Responses
Authors: Reungpeerakul Taweesak , Qian Xiaoshu , Mourad Samiha
Published: June 2023

This paper presents a novel approach to compacting a test response for a multiple scan chains design. The compactor design is based on an extended (  + 1; k) BCH code, where k is the number of information bits and  + 1 is the number of bits in the block. It can detect any odd number of single bit errors or up to 2t single-bit errors, where t is a positive integer,   - k  mt, and   + 1 = 2m. Also we use a controllable mask to handle any number of unknown logic values (Xs) on test responses. We show how extra control data can be reduced by proposed compression technique. Compared to augmenting previous space compaction techniques with additional circuitry to mask any number of Xs, our approach can detect more single-bit errors with minimum number of compactor outputs. This leads to fewer tester channels, shorter test application time, and smaller test data volumes regardless of the Circuit Under Test (CUT) and fault models.
A New Structural No-Reference Rule Based Blur Metric for Classification of Blurred Home Photos
Authors: Shivakumara P. , Anami Basavaraj S. , Kumar G. Hemantha
Published: June 2023

Automatic classi¯cation of blurred photos from family album has drawn researchers' attention to avoid computational overhead of deblurring and measurement of blur in the photos. Therefore, the primary goal of this paper is to classify the blurred photos rather than measuring degree of blurness in the image or to deblur an image. The blur metric is proposed based on the fact that the number of Canny edge components is more than the number of Sobel edge components in blurred photos. Similarly, for non blurred photos, the number of Canny edge components is less than the number of Sobel edge components. The rules are devised based on the width of Canny and Sobel edge components to classify the blurred photos. The experimental results of the proposed metric are compared with the results of the existing methods for the purpose of evaluation.
Multi-view Video Based Object Segmentation - A Tutorial
Authors: Cui ChunHui , Zhang Qian , Ngan KingNgi
Published: June 2023

Video based object segmentation (VBOS) is an important step in many computer vision and multimedia tasks such as video editing and compositing. In recent years, multi-view VBOS systems have become more and more popular because the stereo clues from multiview data can be efficiently incorporated to improve the segmentation results and eliminate the required initial user input. In this paper, we give a review on recent development of multi-view VBOS systems and the related techniques including data acquisition, camera calibration, depth reconstruction, object segmentation and tracking. Furthermore, we introduce our multiple objects segmentation system from multiview video sequence to illustrate the practical implementation of multi-view VBOS system for 3D video rendering applications.
Wave probabilistic functions, entanglement and quasi-non-ergodic models
Authors: Svitek Miroslav
Published: June 2023

The paper presents the theory of wave probabilistic models together with their important features like inclusion-exclusion rule, product rule and entanglement. These features are  athematically described and the illustrative example is shown to demonstrate the possible applications of the theory. The presented theory can be also applied for modeling of quasi-non-ergodic probabilistic systems. First of all we show the new methodology on binary non-ergodic time series. The theory is extended into M-dimensional non-ergodic n-valued systems with linear ergodicity evolution that are called quasi-on-ergodic probabilistic systems.
Optimal Wavelet Functions in Wavelet Denoising for Multifunction Myoelectric Control
Authors: Phinyomark Angkoon , Limsakul Chusak , Phukpattaranont Pornchai
Published: June 2023

Wavelet analysis is one of the most important methods for analyzing the surface Electromyography (sEMG) signal. The aim of this study was to investigate the wavelet function that is optimum to identify and denoise the sEMG signal for multifunction myoelectric control. This study is motivated by the fact that there is no universal mother wavelet that is suitable for all types of signal. The right wavelet function becomes to achieve the optimal performance. In this study, the optimal wavelets are evaluated in term of mean square error of two criterions, namely denoising and reconstruction. Fifty-three wavelet functions are used to perform an iterative denoising and reconstruction on different noise levels that are added in sEMG signals. In addition, various possible decomposition levels and types of wavelets in the denoising procedure are tested. The results show that the best mother wavelets for tolerance of noise in denoising are the first order of Daubechies, BioSplines, and ReverseBior but the classification results are not recommended. The fifth order of Coiflet is the best wavelet in perfect reconstruction point of view. Various families can be used except the third order of BiorSplines and Discrete Meyer are not recommended to use. Suitable number of decomposition levels is four and optimal wavelets are independent of wavelet denoising algorithms.
WWW Server Load Balancing Technique Employing Passive Measurement of Server Performance
Authors: Ohta Satoru , Andou Ryuichi
Published: June 2023

Server load balancing is indispensable within World Wide Web (WWW) for providing high-quality service. In server load balancing, since the server loads and capacities are not always identical, traffic should be distributed by measuring server performance to improve the service quality. This study proposes a load balancing technique conducted by passive measurement, which estimates the server performance via user traffic passing through the load balancer. Since this method evaluates server performance without executing any programs on the server, no additional server or network load is generated. This paper first presents a server performance metric that can be passively measured. The presented metric utilizes the characteristics of TCP SYN and SYN ACK messages exchanged in the TCP connection establishment phase. An experiment shows that the metric correctly identifies server performance degradation. The paper then proposes a load balancing algorithm based on the metric, and its implementation issues. The proposed algorithm distributes fewer requests to servers that do not have su±cient capacities. Because of this, the algorithm achieves good performance in a heterogeneous environment where servers with different capacities coexist. The effectiveness of the proposed load balancing technique is confirmed experimentally.
Achievement of low-sensitivity characteristics and robust stability condition for multi-variable systems having an uncertain number of right half plane poles
Authors: Yamada Kou , Hagiwara Takaaki , Murakami Iwanori , Yamamoto Shun , Yamamoto Hideharu
Published: June 2023

In the present paper, we consider a design method that provides low-sensitivity control with robust stability for multiple-input/multiple-output continuous time-invariant systems having an uncertain number of right half plane poles. First, the class of uncertainty considered in the present paper is defined and the necessary and sufficient robust stability condition is presented for the system having this class of uncertainty under the assumption that the number of closed right half plane poles of the plant is equal to that of the nominal plant. The relationship between the plant and the nominal plant included in this class of uncertainty is clarified. Using this relationship, we will show the necessary and su±cient robust stability condition for the system having an uncertain number of right half plane poles.
An On-Chip Analog Mixed-Signal Testing Compliant with IEEE 1149.4 Standard Using Fault Signature Characterization Technique
Authors: San-Um Wimol , Masayoshi Tachibana
Published: June 2023

An on-chip analog mixed-signal testing, compliant with IEEE 1149.4 standard is presented. The testing technique is based on sinusoidal output response characterizations, yielding a complete detection of AC and DC fault signatures without a need for simulation-before-test process. The testing system is an extension of IEEE 1149.4 standard, and affords functionalities for both pre-screening on-chip and high-quality o®-chip testing. A 4th-order low pass Gm-C ¯lter was employed as a circuit-under-test, and implemented with the proposed testing approach in a physical level using 0.18-m CMOS technology, and simulated using Hspice. The maximum operating frequency of the testing circuit is 260MHz. Both catastrophic and parametric faults are potentially detectable with low performance degradation. The fault coverage of faults associated in CMOS and capacitors are relatively high at 94% and 100%, respectively.
Effect of Bandpass Filters for TA Suppression in Perpendicular Recording System
Authors: Koonkarnkhai Santi , Kovintavewat Piya , Keeratiwintakorn Phongsak
Published: June 2023

Thermal asperities (TAs) cause a crucial problem in magnetic recording systems because they can distort the readback signal to the extent of causing possible sector read failure. This problem becomes even more severe in perpendicular recording channels because these channels contain a d.c. component. This paper presents a novel TA suppression method by use of a bandpass ¯lter to mitigate the TA effect. We also investigate the effect of different bandpass filters for TA suppression. Results indicate that the proposed TA suppression method using a bandpass filter polynomial G(D) = (1+D)2(1-D) yields lower bit-error rate than the existing ones at the expense of increased complexity, and is also robust to large peak TA amplitudes.
Leakage Current and Pollutant Properties of Porcelain Insulators from the Geothermal Area
Authors: Waluyo Waluyo , Sinisuka Ngapuli Irmea , Suwarno Suwarno , Djauhari Maman Abdurahman
Published: June 2023

This manuscript presents the experimental results of a new-clean and seven geothermal naturally polluted outdoor porcelain insulators. These insulators were tested in a hermetically sealed chamber, where their leakage currents and applied voltages were measured with a storage digital oscilloscope. The measured data could be recorded oscilloscope and transferred to a computer, saved in softcopy forms. FFT was used to analyze the leakage current waveforms, and correlation coe±cient matrix and principal component analysis (PCA) were used to analyze the relation among parameters. It was also carried out EDAX tests of insulator adhered pollutant. The results indicated that the power factors and leakage current amplitudes closed to humidity, the phase angle closed to THD, and temperature opposited the humidity. The ratios of insulator impedance on the high and low humidity were ranged from 0.8696 until 0.1343. The small insulator impedance ratios were rearched on the ¯rst and seventh withdrawals, i.e. 0.1363 and 0.1343 respectively. On these insulators, THD ratios on the same conditions were 0.3739 and 0.4598 respectively. These phenomena were caused by dry season, which amount of pollutant stuck on the insulator surfaces signi¯cantly. On the high humidity, the minimum phase angles ranged between 66.8 and 25.7 degrees. Sulfur chemical element was found in medium composition on the pollutant.
Electrical Modernization with Power Management System Implementation for Distributed Power Generation
Authors: Anantasate Sumeth , Chokpanyasuwan Chaimongkon , Bhasaputra Pornrapeepat , Pattaraprakorn Woraratana
Published: June 2023

When power demand is foreseen to rapidly increase in near future, the need to upgrade the electrical system/ equipment becomes apparent. When operation must proceed while any change is in progress, the revision is very di±cult. Parallel operation of electrical equipment of various vintages and ratings is inevitable for some extent of time. The special considerations and review on the monitoring, metering and control of new master PLC controller called power management system (PMS) are discussed. Electrical distribution system design and equipment modi¯cation and upgrade which improve system operability, enhance reliability and contribute to safety are described. Furthermore, hazard is evaluated for electrical design of a system upgrade. The primary technique for the hazard evaluation was a hazard and operability study, which is a brainstorming approach conducted by a multidisciplinary team. The approach simulates creativity of the team member to generate new ideas. As a result of this study, numerous and qualitative recommendations have been made to electrical design the safety and operability problem out of the major power system upgrade. Among the recommendations are suggestions on protection and control strategy, materials of construction, process material releases, alternative design options, and maintenance of this power system upgrade.
An Intelligent CMOS Image Sensor with negative feedback resetting
Authors: Ikebe Masayuki , Motohisa Junichi
Published: June 2023

We investigated a negative feedback method for adding functionality to a CMOS image sensor. Our sensor effectively uses the method to set any intermediate voltage into a photodiode capacitance while a pixel circuit is in motion. The negative feedback reset functions as a noise cancellation technique and can obtain intermediate image data during charge accumulation. As an above application, dynamic range compression is achieved by individually selecting pixels and by setting an intermediate voltage or performing quasi-holding with respect to each pixel. Additionaly, we achieved duplicated interlaced processing and were able to output frame-difference images without frame buffers. The experimental results obtained with a chip fabricated using a 0.25-m CMOS process demonstrate that Dynamic range compression and intra-frame motion detection are effective applications of negative feedback resetting.
Compact Spatial Correlation Formula for MIMO in Factory Environment
Authors: Leng KY , Sakaguchi Kei , Araki Kiyomichi
Published: June 2023

Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) transmission scheme is considered as a promised technology for future wireless communication since it offers significant increases in data throughput and link range without additional bandwidth or transmitted power. However, the MIMO channel capacity is severely degraded by the correlation between individual sub channels of its channel matrix. Hence, in system simulations, the correlation should be taken into account. Since the conventional method such as the extended one ring and double ring scatterers model require the knowledge of each multipath components, it is obvious that a simpler model, but accurate enough, should be proposed to reduce the complexity and the calculation time of the model. In this paper, we propose a compact spatial correlation formula that can be used to calculate the channel capacity of MIMO system in 950 MHz band at factory environment. The validity of the proposed model also holds for other environments and frequency bands. With the proposed model, we need to know only three important parameters, such as antenna size, antenna separation, and Rician K factor to generate the spatial correlation of the channel.
Modified Pole Re-position Technique for Optimal IIR Multiple Notch Filter Design
Authors: Thamrongmas Amnart , Charoenlarpnopparut Chalie
Published: June 2023

This paper presents a novel and useful technique based on pole optimal re-position techniques and Groebner basis theory for solving the gain non-uniformity problem in the frequency band between notch frequencies, normally emerged when cascading several single notch filters to form a multiple notch filter. The previously proposed pole-reposition technique can apply only to the two notch case and does not consider the minimization of the passband gain deviation. The optimality considered in this paper is based on the minimization of resulting filter magnitude response from the ideal notch magnitude response, measured in term of numerical sum of error square. Furthermore, by using GrÄobner basis, the symbolic solution and design method can be generalized to the higher number of notch frequencies case. The design algorithm can be implemented directly on Matlab platform and optimal ¯lter coe±cients can be found via numerical optimization/search. The proposed method can 1) limit the maximum passband gain 2) maximize the passband gain flatness and 3) generalize to the higher order of multi-notch filter. The searching space of the possible filters are maximized by increasing the number of free-variables, namely the gains at critical frequencies. In addition, the proposed technique allows the inclusion of stability margin of the IIR (in¯nite impulse response) notch filter as one of optimization objectives, resulting in a robustly stable filter.
A Low Power SRAM Cell with High Read Stability
Authors: Sivamangai N.M. , Gunavathi K.
Published: June 2023

In this paper, a 9T static random access memory (SRAM) cell design which consumes less dynamic power and has high read stability is proposed. In conventional six transistor (6T) SRAM cell, read stability is very low due to the voltage division between the access and driver transistors during read operation. Existing 9T SRAM cell design increases the read static noise margin (SNM) by twice as compared to conventional 6T SRAM cell by completely isolating the bit-lines during the read operation. But the write operation is performed in this cell, by charging/discharging of large bit line capacitances causing 22.5% increase in dynamic power consumption. In the proposed technique, the SRAM cell utilizes charging/discharging of a single bit-line (BL) during write operation, resulting in reduction of dynamic power consumption by 45% as compared to a conventional 6T SRAM cell while the read SNM is also maintained at twice the read SNM of the conventional 6T SRAM cell. All simulations of the proposed 9T SRAM cellhas been carried out in 0.13 ¹m CMOS technology.
Shape Retrieval Using Eigen and Fisher Barycenter Contour
Authors: Thourn Kosorl , Kitjaidure Yuttana , Kondo Shozo
Published: June 2023

To achieve a good performance for shape retrieval, it requires both shape representation and classifier. In this paper, the algorithm for shape matching and retrieval is developed by using Eigen Barycenter Contour (EBcC) and Fisher Barycenter Contour (FBcC). In our algorithm, the Signed Enclosed Area (SEA) signature (formed by two adjacent points of contour and its center point), computed at each scale level of Barycenter contour (BcC), is utilized as the shape representation. The BcC technique is robust to moderate amount of noise and occlusion. Furthermore, the SEA signature is invariant to general affine transformation including translation, rotation, scale and shear. Because of high dimension of the shape representation, thus, in the matching step, two classifiers have been studied. The first classifier, Eigen face technique, is employed for dimensionality reduction while the second classifier, Fisher face technique, is used for reducing dimension as well and making discrimination. Then, the similarity among shapes is measured by the normalized cross correlation (NCC). The performance of our technique is evaluated onto the affine shape database and two well-known databases, the MPEG-7 shape database part B and the Kimia's database. The experimental results illustrate that our approach gives very high retrieval efficiency over all published methods.
The Parameterization of All Stabilizing Multi-Period Repetitive Controllers for Multiple-Input/Multiple-Output Plants With the Specified Input-Output Frequency Characteristic
Authors: Yamada Kou , Nakazawa Nobuaki , Sakanushi Tatsuya , Yamamoto Shun , Nguyen Nhan Luong Thanh
Published: June 2023

In this paper, we examine the parameterization of all stabilizing multi-period repetitive controllers for multiple-input/multiple-output plants with the specified input-output frequency characteristic. The parameterization of all stabilizing multi-period repetitive controllers, those are used to improve the disturbance attenuation characteristics of the repetitive controller, for non-minimum phase systems was solved by Yamada et al. However, when we design a stabilizing multi-period repetitive controller using the parameterization by Yamada et al., the input-output frequency characteristic of the control system cannot be settled so easily. From the practical point of view, the input-output frequency characteristic of the control systems is required to be easily settled. This problem is solved by obtaining the parameterization of all stabilizing multi-period repetitive controllers with the speci¯ed input-output frequency characteristic. However, no paper has proposed the parameterization of all stabilizing multi-period repetitive controllers for multiple-input/multiple-output plants with the speci¯ed input-output frequency characteristic. In this paper, we propose the parameterization of all stabilizing multi-period repetitive controllers for multiple-input/multiple-output plants with the specified input-output frequency characteristic.
A Design Method for Modified Smith Predictive Control System to Attenuate Periodic Disturbances
Authors: Yamada Kou , Mai Nghia Thi , Hagiwara Takaaki , Murakami Iwanori , Hoshikawa Tatsuya
Published: June 2023

The modified Smith predictor is well known as an effective time-delay compensator for a plant with large time-delays, and several papers on the modified Smith predictor have been published. Recently, the parameterization of all stabilizing modified Smith predictors for minimum-phase time-delay plants is obtained by Yamada and Matsushima. In addition, Yamada et al. expanded the result by Yamada and Matsushima and proposed the parameterization of all stabilizing modi¯ed Smith predictors for non-minimum-phase time-delay plants. However, they do not examine a design method for modified Smith predictive control system using the parameterization of all stabilizing modified Smith predictors to achieve desirable control specification. In this paper, we propose a design method for modified Smith predictive control system to attenuate periodic disturbances that often appear real time-delay plants using the parameterization of all stabilizing modified Smith predictors.
A Design Method for Simple Multi-Period Repetitive Controllers for Multiple-Input/Multiple-Output Plants
Authors: Sakanushi Tatsuya , Yamada Kou , Ando Yoshinori , Nguyen Tuan Manh , Matsuura Shun
Published: June 2023

The multi-period repetitive control system is a type of servomechanism for a periodic reference input. Even if a plant does not include time-delays, using multi-period repetitive controllers, the transfer function from the periodic reference input to the output and that from the disturbance to the output of the multi-period repetitive control system generally have infinite numbers of poles. To specify the input-output characteristic and the disturbance attenuation characteristic easily, Yamada and Takenaga proposed the concept of simple multi-period repetitive control systems, such that the controller works as a stabilizing multi-period repetitive controller and transfer functions from the periodic reference input to the output and from the disturbance to the output have finite numbers of poles. In addition, the parameterization of all stabilizing simple multi-period repetitive controllers was clari¯ed. However, Yamada and Takenaga did not clarify the parameterization of all stabilizing simple multi-period repetitive controllers for multiple-input/multiple-output plants. The purpose of this paper is to propose the parameterization of all stabilizing simple multi-period repetitive controllers for multiple-input/multiple-output plants.
Loss Minimization Using Optimal Power Flow Based on Swarm Intelligences
Authors: Sinsuphun Numphetch , Leeton Uthen , Kwannetr Umaporn , Uthitsunthorn Dusit , Kulworawanichpong Thanatchai
Published: June 2023

This paper describes optimal power flow based on swarm intelligences in which the power transmission loss function is used as the problem objective. Although most of optimal power flow problems involve the total production cost of the entire power system, in some cases some different objective may be chosen. In this paper, to minimize the overall power transmission losses, four decision variables are participated. They are i) power generated from generating plants, ii) specified voltage magnitude at control substations, iii) tap position of tap changing transformers and iv) reactive power injection from reactive power compensators. Swarm intelligences are wellknown and widely accepted as potential intelligent search methods for solving such a problem. In this paper, Genetic Algorithms (GA), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) and Differential Evolution (DE) are employed to solve optimal power flow problems. A 6-bus and 30-bus IEEE power systems are used for test. As a result, all swarm intelligences search algorithms can solve optimal power flow problems efficiently. The artificial bee colony and the differential evolution provide results better than other swarm intelligent techniques.
Image Denoising Employing Two-Sided Gamma Random Vectors with Cycle-Spinning in Wavelet Domain
Authors: Kittisuwan Pichid , Marukatat Sanparith , Chanwimaluang Thitiporn , Asdornwised Widhyakorn
Published: June 2023

In this work, we present new Bayesian estimator for circularly-contoured Two-Sided Gamma random vector in additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN). This PDF is used in view of the fact that it is more peaked and the tails are heavier to be incorporated in the probabilistic modeling of the wavelet coefficients. One of the cruxes of the Bayesian image denoising methods is to estimate statistical parameters for a shrinkage function. We employ maximum a posterior (MAP) estimation to calculate local variances with Rayleigh density prior for local observed variances and Gaussian distribution for noisy wavelet coefficients. Several denoising methods (ProbShrink with redundant wavelet transform) using undecimated wavelet transforms provide good results. The undecimated wavelet transforms can also be viewed as applying an orthogonal wavelet transform to a set of shifted versions of the signal. This procedure wasfirst suggested by Coifman and Donoho where they termed it cycle-spinning method. We apply cycle spinning with orthogonal wavelet transforms in our work. The experimental results show that the proposed method yields good denoising results.
Robust Digital Control for Boost DC-DC Converter
Authors: Ohta Yoshihiro , Higuchi Kohji
Published: June 2023

If the duty ratio, load resistance and input voltage in boost DC-DC converter are changed, the dynamic characteristics is varied greatly, that is, boost DCDC converter has non-linear characteristics. In many applications of DC-DC converters, the load cannot be specified in advance, and it will be changed suddenly from no load to full load. In the boost DCDC converter system used a conventional single controller cannot be adapted to change dynamics and it occurs large output voltage variation. In this paper, an approximate 2-Degree-of-Freedom (2DOF) digital controller for suppressing the change of step response characteristics and variation of output voltage in the load sudden changes is proposed. Experimental studies using micro-processor for controller demonstrate that this type of digital controller is effective to suppress variations.
In the crime of intrusion upon habitation, entry by deception and breach of factual tranquility
Authors:   Legal Research Institute of Chonnam National University, Wi In-Kyu
Published: June 2023

The Supreme Court has emphasized the intention of the resident in determining a crime of intrusion upon habitation. However, in the Supreme Court's 2021. 9. 9. 2020Do12630 judgement, Supreme court ruled that it should be based on the objective and outwardly revealed behavior at the time of entry rather than the intent of resident. Since then, several judgements have been sentenced to different types of housing, including prisons, shared apartment units, private apartment units, retail stores, and restaurants. In particular, when an outsider with a criminal or illegal purpose receives permission to enter a housing or building using deceptive means, the Supreme Court previously recognized the establishment of a crime of intrusion upon habitation on the grounds of contrary to the will of residents and managers. But, the Supreme Court's 2018Do15213 judgement did not recognize the establishment of a crime of intrusion upon habitation in the case of entering a detention center by making the camera in the shape of a business card wallet to hide the existence of the camera. In addition, the Supreme Court's 2022Do1717 judgement did not admit the establishment of a crime of intrusion upon habitation in the case of entering a girlfriend’s house by attatching a camera to a TV with the purpose of filming her body. In both cases the supreme court denied the establishment of a crime of intrusion upon habitation, noting that there was the consent of each manager and resident. However, if there is an active deception, such as disguising it as an everyday object to hide the existence of criminal tools or disguising visitor’s identity, and if it is made as a means of obtaining permission to enter a housing or building, it is reasonable to evaluate it as an act that violates the actual tranquility of the house even though it does not reach the level of denying the effectiveness of the entry approval.
Die Modernisierung des deutschen Personengesellschaftsrechts: Anregungen für das koreanische Recht
Authors:   Legal Research Institute of Chonnam National University, Choi Youn Seok
Published: June 2023

Das im August 2021 verkündete Gesetz zur Modernisierung des Personengesellschaftsrechts (MoPeG) tritt am 1. Januar 2024 in Kraft. Nach der Gesetzesbegründung verfolgt das neue Gesetz die folgenden fünf Ziele: 1) Konsolidierung des Rechts der Gesellschaft bürgerlichen Rechts (GbR), 2) Modernisierung des Rechts der Personengesellschaften, 3) Behebung des Publizitätsdefizits der GbR, 4) Flexibilisierung der Haftungsverhältnisse von Angehörigen Freier Berufe und 5) Herstellung von Rechtssicherheit bei Beschlussmängelstreitigkeiten von Personenhandelsgesellschaften. Der wesentliche Inhalt des MoPeG kann wie folgt zusammengefasst werden: 1) Anerkennung der Rechtsfähigkeit der GbR, 2) Registrierung der GbR, 3) Regelung des Beschlussmängelrechts der Personenhandelsgesellschaften und 4) Öffnung der Personenhandelsgesellschaften für die Angehörigen Freier Berufe. Es ist u.a. bemerkenswert, dass sich durch das MoPeG das grundlegende Verständnis über die Rechtsnatur der GbR ändert und die Registrierung der GbR ermöglicht wird. Folgerichtig ändert sich die Vermögenszuordnung der GbR und das Gesamthandsprinzip wird aufgegeben. Der Verfasser stellt die wesentlichen Änderungen durch das MoPeG vor und untersucht sie insbesondere mit Blick auf ihre Anregungen für das koreanische Recht der Gesellschaft bürgerlichen Rechts, das auf die societas nach dem römischen Recht zurückgeht.
Dogmatikai problémák a pénzmosás hatályos magyar szabályozásával kapcsolatban
Authors: Gál István László
Published: June 2023

Money laundering is an illegal economic service carried out under the guise of legal economic operations, as a result of which the origin of the property acquired through crime can be verified, freeing it from its recognizably illegal nature. Its micro- and macro-economic effects are also extremely dangerous, the fight against money laundering can strengthen confidence in the financial system in addition to the fight against organized crime. The new Hungarian criminal law regulations effective from 1 January 2021, in addition to complying the expectations of international organizations and international conventions in force, also contain provisions that are contrary to the dogmatics of the Hungarian material criminal law and cannot be applied in practice. Resolving the many contradictions will be the task of law enforcement rather than legislation.Aim: To present the effective regulation of money laundering and to analyse factual elements incompatible with the dogmatics of Hungarian criminal law, and to outline possible alternatives for solving the problems.Methodology: Analytical presentation of the facts, analysis of the legal text and justification in the light of the literature and practice.Findings: The first form of money laundering, material static money laundering, is inapplicable in practice: it conflicts with the prohibition of double evaluation, the prohibition of self-incrimination, and among the cases of apparent material accumulation, it is classified as an unpunished subsequent act. For this reason, there is a general lack of danger to society behind the facts. It had to be codified in this way because of our international obligations, but in my opinion, it should not be applied in practice.Value: The study can provide a reference point for law enforcement practice in solving the issues that arise.
A pénzmosás megjelenésének feltételei a hazai szervezett bűnözés elemei között az 1980-as évek elején
Authors: Dános Valér
Published: June 2023

Aim: To show how organized crime came into being in Hungary in the 1980s, what social, economic and legal conditions made the evolution of organized crime possible, and the role of money laundering as a new form of crime during the period.Methodology: A descriptive presentation of the author's Candidate's thesis defended in 1990 – an empirical study of money laundering, its themes and findings.Findings: The model of the reasons for the emergence of organized crime in the country can be defined along four lines:– Satisfying the demand for prohibited goods and services and for scarce goods requires a high degree of conspiracy and organization, which tends to create a specific criminal structure; the technical advantage and organizational superiority of criminals exploiting modern infrastructure, as opposed to an outdated, rigidly structured law enforcement, creates the preconditions for the relatively long-lasting and "risk-free" operation of criminal associations.– The contradiction between the socially motivating end and the means to achieve it results in the socio-psychologically "justified" thesis that the criminal acquisition of wealth eliminates the wealth-social inequality that cannot be otherwise introduced.– The inherent contradictions of the market economy, the additional dysfunctions resulting from the deficit economy, and the uncontrolledoperation of legal enterprises that allow the laundering of criminal wealth not only create the possibility but also directly encourage criminals to form criminal associations in the areas concerned, which ultimately constitute the objective – indirect and direct – inspirations of the economy.– The rational perception of the link between changed socio-economic conditions and crime has led some criminals to adapt to deviance very quickly, which has also encouraged them to form criminal associations that are highly profitable.Value: In the dissertation entitled The Emergence of Elements of Organized Crime in Domestic Crime, the author was the first in Hungary to formulate the issues related to money laundering, and therefore the five-dimensional causal model described in the study has considerable cultural-historical value.
Scaling K2. VI. Reduced Small-planet Occurrence in High-galactic-amplitude Stars
Authors: Zink Jon K. , Hardegree-Ullman Kevin K. , Christiansen Jessie L. , Petigura Erik A. , Boley Kiersten M. , Bhure Sakhee , Rice Malena , Yee Samuel W. , Isaacson Howard , Fernandes Rachel B. , Howard Andrew W. , Blunt Sarah , Lubin Jack , Chontos Ashley , Pidhorodetska Daria , MacDougall Mason G.
Published: June 2023

In this study, we performed a homogeneous analysis of the planets around FGK dwarf stars observed by the Kepler and K2 missions, providing spectroscopic parameters for 310 K2 targets —including 239 Scaling K2 hosts—observed with Keck/HIRES. For orbital periods less than 40 days, we found that the distribution of planets as a function of orbital period, stellar effective temperature, and metallicity was consistent between K2 and Kepler, reflecting consistent planet formation efficiency across numerous ∼1 kpc sight-lines in the local Milky Way. Additionally, we detected a 3× excess of sub-Saturns relative to warm Jupiters beyond 10 days, suggesting a closer association between sub-Saturn and sub-Neptune formation than between sub-Saturn and Jovian formation. Performing a joint analysis of Kepler and K2 demographics, we observed diminishing super-Earth, sub-Neptune, and sub-Saturn populations at higher stellar effective temperatures, implying an inverse relationship between formation and disk mass. In contrast, no apparent host-star spectral-type dependence was identified for our population of Jupiters, which indicates gas-giant formation saturates within the FGK mass regimes. We present support for stellar metallicity trends reported by previous Kepler analyses. Using Gaia DR3 proper motion and radial velocity measurements, we discovered a galactic location trend; stars that make large vertical excursions from the plane of the Milky Way host fewer super-Earths and sub-Neptunes. While oscillation amplitude is associated with metallicity, metallicity alone cannot explain the observed trend, demonstrating that galactic influences are imprinted on the planet population. Overall, our results provide new insights into the distribution of planets around FGK dwarf stars and the factors that influence their formation and evolution.
Searching in H i for Massive Low Surface Brightness Galaxies: Samples from HyperLeda and the UGC
Authors: O’Neil K. , Schneider Stephen E. , van Driel W. , Liu G. , Joseph T. , Schwortz A. C. , Butcher Z.
Published: June 2023

A search has been made for 21 cm H i line emission in a total of 350 unique galaxies from two samples whose optical properties indicate they may be massive. The first consists of 241 low surface brightness (LSB) galaxies of morphological type Sb and later selected from the HyperLeda database and the second consists of 119 LSB galaxies from the UGC with morphological types Sd-m and later. Of the 350 unique galaxies, 239 were observed at the Nançay Radio Telescope, 161 at the Green Bank Telescope, and 66 at the Arecibo telescope. A total of 295 (84.3%) were detected, of which 253 (72.3%) appear to be uncontaminated by any other galaxies within the telescope beam. Finally, of the total detected, uncontaminated galaxies, at least 31 appear to be massive LSB galaxies, with a total H i mass ≥ 1010
M
⊙, for H
0 = 70 kms−1 Mpc−1. If we expand the definition to also include galaxies with significant total (rather than just gas) mass, i.e., those with an inclination-corrected H i line width W
50,cor > 500 km s−1, this brings the total number of massive LSB galaxies to 41. There are no obvious trends between the various measured global galaxy properties, particularly between mean surface brightness and galaxy mass.
ELVES. III. Environmental Quenching by Milky Way–mass Hosts
Authors: Greene Jenny E. , Danieli Shany , Carlsten Scott , Beaton Rachael , Jiang Fangzhou , Li Jiaxuan
Published: June 2023

Isolated dwarf galaxies usually exhibit robust star formation but satellite dwarf galaxies are often devoid of young stars, even in Milky Way–mass groups. Dwarf galaxies thus offer an important laboratory of the environmental processes that cease star formation. We explore the balance of quiescent and star-forming galaxies (quenched fractions) for a sample of ∼400 satellite galaxies around 30 Local Volume hosts from the Exploration of Local VolumE Satellites (ELVES) Survey. We present quenched fractions as a function of satellite stellar mass, projected radius, and host halo mass, to conclude that overall, the quenched fractions are similar to the Milky Way, dropping below 50% at satellite M
* ≈ 108
M
⊙. We may see hints that quenching is less efficient at larger radii. Through comparison with the semianalytic modeling code SatGen, we are also able to infer average quenching times as a function of satellite mass in host halo-mass bins. There is a gradual increase in quenching time with satellite stellar mass rather than the abrupt change from rapid to slow quenching that has been inferred for the Milky Way. We also generally infer longer average quenching times than recent hydrodynamical simulations. Our results are consistent with models that suggest a wide range of quenching times are possible via ram pressure stripping, depending on the clumpiness of the circumgalactic medium, the orbits of the satellites, and the degree of earlier preprocessing.
Strong Dark Matter Self-interactions Diversify Halo Populations within and surrounding the Milky Way
Authors: Yang Daneng , Nadler Ethan O. , Yu Hai-Bo
Published: June 2023

We perform a high-resolution cosmological zoom-in simulation of a Milky Way (MW)–like system, which includes a realistic Large Magellanic Cloud analog, using a large differential elastic dark matter self-interaction cross section that reaches ≈100 cm2 g−1 at relative velocities of ≈10 km s−1, motivated by the diverse and orbitally dependent central densities of dwarf galaxies within and surrounding the MW. We explore the effects of dark matter self-interactions on satellite, splashback, and isolated halos through their abundance, central densities, maximum circular velocities, orbital parameters, and correlations between these variables. We use an effective constant cross section model to analytically predict the stages of our simulated halos’ gravothermal evolution, demonstrating that deviations from the collisionless

R

max

–

V

max

relation can be used to select deeply core-collapsed halos, where

V

max

is a halo’s maximum circular velocity, and

R

max

is the radius at which it occurs. We predict that a sizable fraction (≈20%) of subhalos with masses down to ≈108
M
⊙ is deeply core collapsed in our SIDM model. Core-collapsed systems form ≈10% of the isolated halo population down to the same mass; these isolated, core-collapsed halos would host faint dwarf field galaxies with extremely steep central density profiles. Finally, most halos with masses above ≈109
M
⊙ are core-forming in our simulation. Our study thus demonstrates how self-interactions diversify halo populations in an environmentally dependent fashion within and surrounding MW-mass hosts, providing a compelling avenue to address the diverse dark matter distributions of observed dwarf galaxies.
The Hateful Eight: Connecting Massive Substructures in Galaxy Clusters like A2744 to Their Dynamical Assembly State Using the Magneticum Simulations
Authors: Kimmig Lucas C. , Remus Rhea-Silvia , Dolag Klaus , Biffi Veronica
Published: June 2023

Substructures are known to be good tracers for the dynamical states and recent accretion histories of the most massive collapsed structures in the universe, galaxy clusters. Observations find extremely massive substructures in some clusters, especially Abell 2744 (A2744), which are potentially in tension with the ΛCDM paradigm because they are not found in simulations directly. However, the methods to measure substructure masses strongly differ between observations and simulations. Using the fully hydrodynamical cosmological simulation suite Magneticum Pathfinder, we develop a method to measure substructure masses in projection from simulations, similarly to the observational approach. We identify a simulated A2744 counterpart that not only has eight substructures of similar mass fractions but also exhibits similar features in the hot gas component. This cluster formed only recently through a major merger together with at least six massive minor merger events since z = 1, where previously the most massive component had a mass of less than 1 × 1014
M
⊙. We show that the mass fraction of all substructures and of the eighth substructure separately are excellent tracers for the dynamical state and assembly history for all galaxy cluster mass ranges, with high fractions indicating merger events within the last 2 Gyr. Finally, we demonstrate that the differences between subhalo masses measured directly from simulations as bound and those measured in projection are due to methodology, with the latter generally 2–3 times larger than the former. We provide a predictor function to estimate projected substructure masses from SubFind masses for future comparison studies between simulations and observations.
Grain Alignment and Rotational Disruption by Radiative Torques in Exoplanet Atmospheres
Authors: Hoang Thiem , Lazarian Alex
Published: June 2023

Dust clouds are ubiquitous in the atmospheres of hot Jupiters and affect their observable properties. The alignment of dust grains in the clouds and resulting dust polarization provide a promising way to study the magnetic fields of exoplanets. Moreover, the grain size distribution plays an important role in the physical and chemical processes in the atmospheres, which are rather uncertain. In this paper, we first study the grain alignment of dust grains in the atmospheres of hot Jupiters by radiative torques (RATs). We find that silicate grains can be aligned by RATs with the magnetic fields (B − RAT) due to the strong magnetic fields of hot Jupiters, but carbonaceous grains of diamagnetic material tend to be aligned with the radiation direction (k − RAT). At a low altitude of r < 2R
p, where R
p is the planet radius, only large grains can be aligned, but tiny grains of a ∼ 0.01 μm can be aligned at a high altitude of r > 3R
p. We then study the rotational disruption of dust grains by the RAT disruption (RAT-D) mechanism. We find that large grains can be disrupted by RAT-D into smaller sizes. Grains of high tensile strength are disrupted at an altitude of r > 3R
p, but grains of low tensile strength can be disrupted at a lower altitude. We suggest that the disruption of large grains into smaller ones can facilitate dust clouds escaping to high altitudes due to lower gravity and may explain the presence of high-altitude clouds in hot Jupiters, as well as superpuff atmospheres.