bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A escolha do livro didático de Física e sua utilização em sala de aula
Authors: Alves Marcos Fernando Soares , Magalhães Júnior Carlos Alberto de Oliveira
Published: April 2020

Nas escolas, o livro didático (LD) ocupa importante papel no processo de ensino e aprendizagem. Para que as instituições escolares recebam os livros, os professores devem selecioná-los de acordo com as obras aprovadas pelo Ministério da Educação e indicadas no Guia do Livro Didático. Considerando a atribuição docente nesse processo, buscou-se identificar e analisar os fatores considerados por um grupo de professores de Física de uma instituição federal de ensino no processo de escolha do LD e sua utilização em sala de aula. Dezessete docentes participaram da pesquisa respondendo a um questionário enviado eletronicamente. O questionário possuía questões que visavam conhecer o perfil dos professores e informações a respeito do conhecimento docente sobre o Programa Nacional do Livro Didático, o uso do LD e fatores utilizados na seleção das coleções didáticas e sobre a abordagem. Os resultados indicam a adoção de critérios de escolha que levam em conta o tipo de abordagem e as atividades propostas nos LDs, e a manutenção de uma tradição no uso de LDs de Física baseada na resolução de exercícios.
Formação e trabalho do preceptor no Ensino e na Saúde: revisão integrativa
Authors: Souza Maria das Graças Garcia , Cordeiro Benedito Carlos
Published: April 2020

O objetivo é revisar estudos sobre a formação e o trabalho do preceptor, identificar seus conceitos e aplicar o conhecimento gerado à pesquisa acadêmica e à prática dos revisores. Através de Revisão Integrativa de Literatura foram selecionados artigos disponíveis dos últimos cinco anos, nas bases de dados virtuais bibliográficas LILACS, MEDLINE, PubMed e SciELO. Obteve-se um resultado de oito artigos, surgindo os principais eixos temáticos para a discussão: Formação e trabalho do preceptor; A preceptoria na perspectiva da interdisciplinaridade e da integralidade e A educação permanente como estratégia para o exercício da preceptoria. Os estudos convergem para a importância e o reconhecimento dos preceptores e enfatizam o seu perfil prático, porém não descolado de uma formação pedagógica.
Konya ve Aydın İllerinde Çilekte Enfeksiyon Oluşturan Bazı Önemli Virüslerin Belirlenmesi
Authors: ÇULAL KILIÇ Handan , YETİK Raziye , IŞIK Selda
Published: April 2020

Bu çalışma, 2017 üretim yılı Konya ve Aydın
İlleri çilek üretim alanlarında yürütülmüştür. Survey alanlarında virüs
belirtisi gösteren 92 yaprak örneği toplanmıştır. Toplanan örneklerde Strawberry latent ringspot virus (SLRSV)
ve Strawberry mild yellow edge virus  (SMYEV)’ lerinin varlığını belirlemek
amacıyla DAS-ELISA (Double Antibody Sandwich Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay)
yöntemi kullanılmıştır. DAS-ELISA testi sonucunda 92 örnekten 38 adedinin
virüsler ile enfekteli olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre; 4
örnekte SLRSV, 29 örnekte SMYEV, 5 örnekte de
karışık enfeksiyon ortaya konulmuştur.
Mixed-type stochastic differential equations driven by standard and fractional Brownian motions with Hurst indices greater than 1/3
Authors: Vas’kovskii M. M.
Published: April 2020

In this paper we consider mixed-type stochastic differential equations driven by standard and fractional Brownian motions with Hurst indices greater than 1/3. There are proved theorems on the existence, uniqueness, and continuous dependence of solutions on the initial data. We provide an analog of the Ito formula to change variables. Asymptotic expansions of functionals on the solutions of mixed-type stochastic differential equations for small times are obtained. We receive analogs of the Kolmogorov equations for mathematical expectations and probability densities in the commutative case. Finally, we consider an application of mixed-type stochastic differential equations to solving the problem of macroeconomic variables extrapolation in credit risks models.
The Riemann – Hilbert boundary value problem for elliptic systems of the orthogonal type in R3
Authors: Basik A. I. , Hrytsuk E. V. , Hrytsuk T. A.
Published: April 2020

In this paper, a class of elliptic systems of four 1st order differential equations of the orthogonal type in R3 is considered. For such systems we study the issue of regularizability of the Riemann – Hilbert boundary value problem in an arbitrary limited simply-connected region with a smooth boundary in R3. Using the coefficients of the elliptic system and the matrix of the boundary operator, a special vector field is constructed, and its not entering the tangent plane in any point of the boundary provides the Lopatinski condition of the regularizability of the boundary value problem. The obtained condition permits to prove that the set of regularizable Riemann – Hilbert boundary value problems for the considered class of systems has two components of homotopic connectedness, and the index of an arbitrary regularizable problem equals to minus one.
Model of stationary migration of free and hopping via acceptors holes in a crystalline semiconductor
Authors: Poklonski N. A. , Dzeraviaha A. N. , Vyrko S. A.
Published: April 2020

In the diffusion-drift approximation, we have constructed a phenomenological theory of the coexisting migration of v-band holes and holes by means of hopping from hydrogen-like acceptors in the charge state (0) to acceptors in the charge state (−1). A p-type crystalline semiconductor is considered at a constant temperature, to which an external stationary electric field is applied. In the linear approximation, analytical expressions for the screening length of the static electric field and the length of the diffusion of v-band holes and the holes quasilocalized on acceptors are obtained for the first time. The presented relations, as special cases, contain well-known expressions. It is shown that the hopping migration of holes via acceptors leads to a decrease in the screening length and in the diffusion length.
The Associations of Family Functioning, General Well-Being, and Exercise with Mental Health among End-Stage Renal Disease Patients
Authors: Wang Qi , Liu Hongjian , Ren Zheng , Xiong Wenjing , He Minfu , Li Nan , Fan Xinwen , Guo Xia , Li Xiangrong , Shi Hong , Zha Shuang , Zhang Xiumin
Published: April 2020

Objective This study aims to explore the relationships of family functioning, general well-being, and exercise with psychological distress. Furthermore, we investigated the special roles of general well-being and exercise on the association between family functioning and psychological distress.Methods Of 769 end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients participated in the cross-sectional study which consisted of the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12), the Family APGAR Scales, and the General Well-Being Schedule. The collected data were analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis and path analysis.Results The prevalence of psychological distress was 72.3%. Family functioning, general well-being and exercise were associated factors of psychological distress (p<0.05). The indirect effect of family functioning on psychological distress was partially mediated by general well-being (Effect=-0.08, 95% CI=-0.11, -0.04). In addition, the effect of family functioning on general well-being was moderated by exercise (Index=-0.092, SE=0.033, 95% CI=-0.159, -0.029).Conclusion The prevalence of psychological distress among ESRD patients was high. Family functioning, general well-being and exercise were associated with psychological distress. Family functioning could affect psychological distress partially by affecting general well-being. Furthermore, exercise had a significant moderating effect on the relationship between family functioning and general well-being.
Improving Students’ Interest in Learning English by Using Games
Authors: Silalahi Mery
Published: April 2020

One of the teachers' efforts to improve students' interest in English is learning English through games. The learning process by playing games can provide more interactive English learning atmosphere so that it is expected to improve the ability of students in vocabulary development. Learning through games can provide several benefits. First, what is learned by students is not only in the form of mere knowledge of reason but experienced in real terms; such experiences are difficult to forget. Second, the lessons provided are pleasantly accepted, because they are related to the nature of the game which is entertaining and joyful. Thus, the possibility of student rejection of what is taught can be minimized. Third, because the game is fun, playing at the same time generates great interest for students about certain things or topics. Based on the reasons, it is expected that through these fun activities that is games; students' interest in learning English can be improved.
Investigating Features Related to Chinese Linguistic Complexities among International Students Learning Chinese as a Foreign Language
Authors: Tahsildar Mohammad Nasim
Published: April 2020

This paper reports on a study investigating features related to Chinese linguistic complexities for international students enrolled in Chinese courses in China. The main objective of this study is to highlight the major feature of Chinese complexities encountered by international students and explore whether international students’ native languages interfere with the process of learning Chinese. The study used a survey questionnaire developed by Zhang (2013) to collect the data from 147 male and female Bachelor, Master and Ph.D. students enrolled in basic Chinese classes in two universities in China. Based on certain Descriptive and ANOVA calculations, findings of the study indicate that the participants indeed experienced different features related to linguistic complexities. Moreover, the results also revealed the participants’ native language interference in the process of learning Chinese.
The Attitude of Teachers and Parents of Students towards the Implementation of School Management Committee (SMCs) at Elementary Level
Authors: Baral Rajashree , Sahu Namita , Meher Venkateswar
Published: April 2020

The main purposes of the present study were to analyze the attitude of the teachers and parents towards the implementation of School management Committee as elementary level and to examine the significant difference in the attitude of parents (rural and urban) and teachers (male and female). The descriptive survey method was adopted for conducting research, where 20 elementary schools (10 rural and 10 urban) of Sambalpur district, Odisha were taken, from which 160 samples were selected randomly composing both parents and students as a whole. A five-point attitude scale was prepared for collecting relevant data from the sample groups, and the simple percentage technique and ‘t’ test was applied to analyse the obtained data. The findings of the study revealed that Majority of parents and teachers agreed that the formation of the School management Committee at the elementary level is a good step taken by the Government. Both rural and urban parents differed significantly in their attitude towards the implementation of the School Management Committee. In comparison to rural and urban parents, rural parents had a more favourable attitude than urban parents towards SMC. There was no sign of the difference between male and female teachers towards the implementation of the School Management Committee. Both showed an equal favourable attitude.
Enhancing the Social Problem Solving Skill by Implementing the Social Inquiry Learning Model in Primary School
Authors: Widodo Slamet , Darmawan Achmad Anang
Published: April 2020

The research was conducted on the basis of skills that must be mastered by students still limited to the low-level thinking. It was because the learning process conducted not to develop and to improve the skill of solving the problem. The purpose of this study was to describe the increase in the social problem-solving skills of students. The method of the research was class action research with instruments of the observation sheet, test and questionnaire sheet.There are 24 students of the 5th graders of elementary as the subjects of this research. The data analysis techniques were quantitative and qualitative descriptions. The conclusion of the research was that the social inquiry learning model could improve social problem-solving skills students. In the learning activity, the teacher was the facilitator by observing, guiding, and assessing the students’ activities in solving the problems. The activities of the students in solving the students were defining the problems, finding the alternative in solving the problems, choosing the most appropriate way, predicting the solution and evaluating. After the lesson was over, the students were happy and giving positive response because they were involved directly in solving the problems.
Activity-based Learning and Development of High Mental Abilities an Intention of Intermediate Level Chemistry Syllabus
Authors: Moeed Swehra
Published: April 2020

Course content is a hub of educational activities. The method of teaching and assessment procedure more or less rely on the nature of syllabus. Being core of educational activities great importance is given to course content.  This study was conducted to investigate the opinion of teachers concerning existing syllabus of intermediate level chemistry subject. The data was gathered through questionnaire based on 5 point Likert scale items. Sixty three teachers of chemistry subject were working at Government Degree Colleges (GDCs) and Government Higher Secondary Schools (GHSSs) of district Peshawar. Among sixty three fifty seven teachers were selected randomly as sample of study. The collected data prevail that the implemented syllabus is mostly based on theory, hence in such circumstance the national aim to produce skill generation as per demand of market seem impossible. The condition of practical work and hand on activities is dispiriting in government educational institutes. The psychological and social need of students has been ignored while designing the syllabus. The text book is a mean of imparting pre-set information, it seems failed to provide valuable engaging activities.
Shiite clergy among Iranian Masons
Authors: Arabadzhyan Z. A.
Published: April 2020

The article is devoted to the history of the origins and development of Iranian Freemasonry and the Shiite clergy participation in Masonic structures. Since Freemasonry itself has historically been the conductor of liberal ideas in Europe, it would seem that religious figures in Iran, who are in the position of traditionalism, should have been extremely hostile to this trend. However, Iranian experience has shown that this is not so, and a large group of Shiite ulama, including even the most authoritative, at various times entered the local Masonic lodges. The clergy were especially active during the era of the Constitutional Revolution of 1905-1911, when they used Masonic lodges and quasi-Masonic structures to fight the absolutist monarchy. Most of its representatives held a leadership positions in these structures and inﬂuenced the course of specific historical events and the decisions made. In the second half of the twentieth century the participation of religious leaders in the Masonic lodges of Iran began to weaken. The author also analyzes the rumors about Ayatollah Khomeini’s belonging to Freemasonry in order to determine the degree of their reliability.
Soulfulness and spirituality: dialectics of external and internal beings
Authors: Sedankina T. E.
Published: April 2020

This article provides brief analysis of modern research on the basis of which theoretical interpretation of the concepts of soulfulness and spirituality in an interdisciplinary way comes. The phenomena of mercy and compassion, patience and humility are analyzed from the angle of soulfulness and spirituality. The paper contains the analysis of the links of mercy-patience and compassion-humility in the context of external and internal being. Understanding of the phenomena of empathy and reﬂection in the context of soulfulness/ spirituality, external / internal is carried out. Thus, the dialectical unity of the concepts of soulfulness and spirituality are revealed. All in all it leads to understanding of the dialectical unity of the external and internal sides of a human soul.
Multicultural approach in psychological counseling: ethnoreligious aspect (analysis of case)
Authors: Ganieva R. H.
Published: April 2020

The article analyzes the multicultural approach in psychological counseling, which takes into account ethnic and religious specifics of the client, using the example of a specific case of an adult daughter’s relationship with her father. The positive dynamics of psychological work based on Ingush culture and values of Islam is shown. Based on the analysis, it is concluded that the multicultural competence of the psychologist provides the consultant, on the one hand, a high level of trust on the part of the client, and a professional approach based on the use of ethno-religious resources in counseling on the other.
agus mochamad nur
Authors: nur agus mochamad
Published: April 2020

Web hosting adalah layanan jasa atau penyewaan tempat untuk menyimpan file atau bentuk script yang berada Internet dan memungkinkan untuk perorangan atau pun organisasi guna menampilkan layanan jasa atau produk di web atau bahkan situs Internet seperti web portal, web pribadi dan banyak lagi.
Social Psychological Measurements of COVID-19: Coronavirus Perceived Threat, Government Response, Impacts, and Experiences Questionnaires
Authors: Conway Lucian Gideon , Woodard Shailee R. , Zubrod Alivia
Published: April 2020

Major journals have sounded the call for social psychologists to do research on the novel Coronavirus (COVID-19). Such research is only as good as the measurements used. Across three studies (total n = 984), we developed a battery of social psychology-relevant questionnaires to measure COVID-19 phenomena: (1) Perceived Coronavirus Threat Questionnaire, (2) Governmental Response to Coronavirus Questionnaire, (3) Coronavirus Impacts Questionnaire, and (4) Coronavirus Experience Questionnaire. Exploratory (Study 1) and Confirmatory (Studies 2 and 3) Factor Analyses revealed excellent factor structures for the one-factor Perceived Coronavirus Threat, the six-factor Governmental Response Questionnaires, and the three-factor Coronavirus Impacts Questionnaire. The three-factor Coronavirus Experience Questionnaire yielded poorer psychometric properties overall. Given that brevity is often desired for online studies, we further recommend psychometrically sound short versions of each questionnaire. Taken in total, this work offers social psychology researchers a battery of questionnaires to measure Coronavirus-related phenomena for the duration of the pandemic in U.S. participants.
Asociación de obesidad y dislipidemia con el riesgo de progresión a deterioro cognitivo leve y demencia: revisión sistemática
Authors: González Arteaga José Javier , Santamaría Luz Adriana , Pedraza Olga Lucia
Published: April 2020

Objetivo: evaluar si en la literatura científica se describe una relación entre obesidad y dislipidemia con progresión a deterioro cognitivo leve (DCL) y demencia en adultos mayores de 65 años.  Métodos: búsqueda en la literatura científica publicada en PubMed, EbscoHost, ScienceDirect ClinicalKey y Registro Cochrane entre 2009 y 2017, de estudios prospectivos de cohortes, casos y controles de sujetos adultos con diagnóstico de obesidad o dislipidemia y con valoraciones de la función cognitiva a través del tiempo, con el fin de determinar la incidencia de DCL y demencia, y su relación con los factores de riesgo mencionados. Resultados: la revisión sistemática arrojó un total de 13 artículos de alta calidad según SIGN que cumplieron con los criterios de selección. De estos 7 incluyen la obesidad como factor de riesgo y 6 la dislipidemia. En los diferentes artículos relacionados con obesidad en adultos mayores no existió relación directa entre obesidad y deterioro cognitivo, de igual forma en los relacionados con dislipidemia no se reportó relación directa con   deterioro cognitivo. Conclusión: los pacientes adultos mayores con obesidad podrían tener un factor protector frente al desarrollo de deterioro cognoscitivo, lo que no ocurre con adultos jóvenes. Por su parte, la fisiopatología descrita en la dislipidemia sugiere que el colesterol alto o bajo pueden llevar a DCL y a demencia.
Konzeption von Digitalen Zwillingen smarter Produkte
Authors: Göbel Jens C. , Eickhoff Thomas
Published: April 2020

Kurzfassung

Die Anwendungspotenziale für Digitale Zwillinge smarter Produkte in verfügbarkeitsorientierten Geschäftsmodellen erstrecken sich über den gesamten Produktlebenszyklus und erweiterte Wertschöpfungsnetzwerke. Das in diesem Beitrag vorgestellte Framework zur Konzeption digitaler Produktzwillinge wurde im Kontext des BMBF-Forschungsprojekts InnoServPro für Anwendungsfälle der Landmaschinenindustrie angewendet und liefert konkrete Beispiele für wertschöpfungsfördernde digitale Produktzwillinge.
WiGeP-Positionspapier: „Digitaler Zwilling“
Authors: Stark Rainer , Anderl Reiner , Thoben Klaus-Dieter , Wartzack Sandro
Published: April 2020

Kurzfassung

Digitale Zwillinge verbinden und erweitern die bisherigen digitalen Modelle in der Entwicklung mit den neuartigen Datenströmen des operativen Betriebs von Produkten, Maschinen und Dienstleistungen. Digitale Zwillinge werden die Produktentstehung nachhaltig verändern und neue Geschäfts- und Wertschöpfungsmodelle ermöglichen.
Effect on corrosion resistance of microstructure of 316L austenitic stainless steel subjected to combined torsion–tension deformation
Authors: Zhang Jidong , Han Weixue , Rui Wenliang , Li Jinghui , Huang Zhenyi , Sui Fengli
Published: April 2020

The influences of combined torsion-tension deformation on the microstructural evolution and corrosion resistance of 316L stainless steel were investigated. The microstructure and corrosion behavior of the deformation samples were studied in detail. The results showed that the grains were more significantly refined under combined deformation than under tensile deformation. However, further increase in pre-torsion led to little change in grain size. The results of transmission electron microscopy and corrosion tests results indicated that high-density dislocations were detrimental, whereas the corrosion resistance, grain refinement and deformation twins were beneficial to corrosion resistance. Furthermore, the effect of deformation twins on corrosion resistance was greater than that of dislocation density, which, in turn, was greater than the influence of grain size.
Preparation of heavy-section ductile iron with improved mechanical properties through quenching and tempering
Authors: Tong Lifeng , Zou Qingchuan , Jie Jinchuan , Li Tingju , Wang Zhixin
Published: April 2020

In order to prepare heavy-section ductile iron with high strength and excellent elongation, a series of quenching- tempering experiments was conducted. A relationship between quenching-tempering time and temperature and the contents of martensite and pearlite was established by adjusting different quenching mediums and process parameters, and different microstructures in the iron matrix led to different mechanical properties. The content of martensite in the iron matrix reached over 94% after quenching at 880°C or a higher temperature. Further, the pearlite content could reach over 91% after tempering at 570°C or a higher temperature, thus resulting in improved mechanical properties. The investigated ductile iron yielded mechanical properties of a tensile strength of 970 MPa and an elongation of 6% after quenching in water at 880°C and tempering at 570°C. This will provide more possibilities for the application of heavy-section ductile iron parts.
Experimental investigation of slag/matte/metal/ tridymite equilibria in the Cu–Fe–O–S–Si system at 1473 K (1200°C), 1523 K (1250°C) and 1573 K (1300°C)
Authors: Sineva Svetlana , Chen Jeff , Hidayat Taufiq , Shevchenko Maksym , Hayes Peter C. , Jak Evgueni
Published: April 2020

Laboratory experimental study was undertaken to characterise the four-phase slag/matte/metal/tridymite equilibria of the Cu-Fe-O-S-Si system at 1473 K [1200°C], 1523 K [1250°

C] and 1573 [1300°C] in a "closed" system without interaction with gas phase. The research methodology involved high temperature equilibration, ultra-fast quenching of the equilibrated samples followed by quantitative measurement of the equilibrated phases by electron probe X-ray microanalysis. Attainment of chemical equilibrium was carefully checked by the 4-points test approach. The results obtained in the present study provide reliable fundamental experimental information, which is crucial for the development and optimisation of the multicomponent thermodynamic database for copper-containing systems.
Formation of Multicultural Competence of the Teacher of Native (Tatar) Language in the Context of Advanced Training Program Implementation
Authors: Safina Rezida Nurgayanovna
Published: April 2020

The ways and means of implementing the contents of an additional professional educational advanced training program consisting of classroom and extracurricular activities aimed at incorporating the mastered experience into the practice of trainees (listeners) to solve specific problems of professional activity are considered. Based on the analysis of legal documents and scientific and methodical literature, the purpose, objectives and content of the formation of professional competences of teachers of the native (Tatar) language within the additional advanced training program implementation and post-course period have been determined. The purpose of the study is to reveal the possibilities of additional professional educational advanced training program aimed at improving the multicultural competence of the teacher of native (Tatar) language “Formation of multicultural competences of the teacher of teacher of native (Tatar) language”. The author outlines that the aim of the additional professional educational program is to improve the professional competence of teachers of the native (Tatar) language, oriented and ready to work in a multicultural educational environment at the entry stage of Russian school in international competition.
Methods. During the implementation of the program the following methods were applied: reflexive analysis, modeling, case-study, project method, etc. It is concluded that professional competences formed during the implementation of the additional professional educational advanced training program are designed to implement the tasks of multicultural education in practical activities of teachers of the native (Tatar) language.
Revival of Folk Crafts as a Factor of Students’ Ethno-Cultural Competencies Formation in the System of Additional Education
Authors: Borovitskaya Julia Vitalevna
Published: April 2020

The article highlights the theoretical, methodological and practical aspects of students’ ethno-cultural competencies formation in the system of institutions of additional education in study clubs, trade shops as well as during creative master classes. The purpose of the study is to define the relevance and significance of folk crafts revival as a factor of students’ ethno-cultural competencies formation. The main works of Russian authors in the field of research of folk and art crafts are presented. Methods. A comparative analysis of the historical situation that reflects the content and importance of folk crafts, as well as its current state is presented. During the study the following methods were applied: analysis of Russian literature, legal acts, conversation with students and teachers, content-analysis of creative activity outcomes. The study was carried out on the basis of the institutions for additional education and culture of the Svetloyarsky District in Volgograd Region, among masters of decorative and applied art of Volgograd and members of the club of masters "Remaliya". The role of masters of decorative and applied arts in the system of additional education, as well as the main types of presentation of folk crafts products is described. The experience of interaction between universities, schools and institutions of additional education with masters of decorative and applied art, areas of joint activity of various age groups is outlined. Moreover, the article reveals the main directions in which the revival of folk crafts and traditions in the modern system of culture and education (study clubs, studios, trade shops) is implemented. At the same time, the author analyzes the main points of folk crafts revival regulation, including legislative ones. Research result. The article highlights the importance of forming ethno-cultural competencies in students in the context of working with their parents as carriers of traditions and customs. It is concluded that students’ ethno-cultural competencies formation in the context of the revival of folk crafts is a complex multi-component and step-by-step process, into which many subjects are involved.
National Cinematograph and National Mind-Set
Authors: Krank Eduard Osvaldovich
Published: April 2020

The article is devoted to the problem of national cinematograph in the conditions of the dominance of mass cinema products at the market, especially the American film industry. Paradigms and criteria in the definition of national (ethnic) cinema are presented. The aim of the article is to confirm its working hypothesis, which is that the development of national cinematograph becomes significant only when, reproducing by filming their own narratives, imbued with national mind-set, the authors create cinematographic artifacts with their own manner, style, language, which is able to develop and enrich the film language. The descriptive and analytical methodology used in conjunction with the historical and genetic method allows us to come to certain conclusions. These findings consist in the position that such national cinematograph becomes pervasive, which is permeated by the national mind-set and at the same time responds to both ethnic and world cultural challenges, creates national narratives that due to their relevance become meta-ethnic narratives. An analysis of the existing definitions and properties of what should be understood as national cinematograph allows one to discuss the topic of what the essence of national cinema is: in the local and regional desire to establish itself as having a right to exist, or in the meta-ethnic aspect, which allows national cinema to become a direction in cinema. Thus, the necessary property of national cinematograph for its equal existence among others, the author singles out such a feature as the situation of passionarity in which the nation lives. Its mind-set creates its own national narrative, and therefore its own cinema language. The article is the part of a fundamental study on the theory of cinema, in which the main points are categories such as "film narrative", "conventionality of cinematograph" and "film language".
The Anti-Inflammatory and Cytoprotective Efficiency of Curvularin, a Fungal Macrolactone against Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammatory Response in Nucleus Pulposus Cells: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Banala Rajkiran Reddy , Vemuri Satish Kumar , EV Sherline , AV Gurava Reddy , GPV Subbaiah
Published: April 2020

Study Design: Developing an in vitro model for assessing the anti-inflammatory properties of curvularin.Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of natural fungal macrolactone as a therapeutic drug against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in primary human nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) in vitro.Overview of Literature: Lumbar disk disease is a common cause of lower back pain (LBP) and sciatica. It is an established fact that inflammation, rather than mechanical compression on the nerve root, plays a role in the cause of LBP and sciatica. Current treatment options for reducing inflammation are either nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or steroids, prolonged use of which can potentially lead to adverse effects such as gastrointestinal disturbances and renal and cardiac issues. Hence, there is a need for better antiinflammatory drugs with no or minimal complications for treating inflammation-induced LBP and sciatica. Curvularin (Cur), a fungal macrolactone, is known for its anti-inflammatory activity, but nothing is known about its impact on inflammation due to disk pathologies.Methods: Primary NPCs were cultured and characterized by flow cytometry and immunocytochemistry using the CD24 antibody and treated with 10 μg/mL LPS for 36 hours and then treated with Cur, betamethasone, and dexamethasone (10 μg/mL) for 48 hours, after which cell cycle analysis, cell viability assay, and gene expression studies (quantitative polymerase chain reaction [PCR] and quantitative real-time-PCR) were conducted. The NPCs treated with Cur downregulated the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin [IL]-1β, and IL-6); matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs; MMP-2 and MMP-3), ADAMTS; and apoptotic marker (cytochrome c).Results: In our study, Cur-treated cells showed enhanced expression of collagen 9A1 and insulin-like growth factor receptor 1, indicating the recovery of NPCs from inflammatory assault.Conclusions: Based on observations, the anti-inflammatory properties of Cur render it an excellent drug molecule for treating disk degeneration nonsurgically, by direct injection into spinal disks when treating LBP and sciatica.
N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide used for screening hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus in very low birth weight infants: How and when?
Authors: Liu Ying , Huang Zhen-Li , Gong Lin , Zhang Zhen , Zhang Shuang-Chuan , Zhou Yu-Xin
Published: April 2020

Background: N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NTproBNP) appears to be a useful tool for diagnosing hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus (hsPDA) in preterm infants. However, a consensus for its application has not been reached. Objective: The present study aims to evaluate the role of NTproBNP in predicting hsPDA in preterm infants, and explore the optimal cutoff value and testing-time. Methods: A prospective blind study of 120 preterm infants with birth weights of < 1,500 g was conducted at the NICU of Peking University Shenzhen Hospital. Blood samples were successively collected on the first three days after birth for NTproBNP analysis. Echocardiographies were performed on day three of life to confirm the status of the ductus arteriosus. A receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis was performed to determine the ability of NTproBNP to recognize hsPDA. Results: NTproBNP was significantly higher in infants with hsPDA, than in infants in the control group, on both day two (P < 0.001) and day three (P < 0.001). On day two, a NTproBNP cutoff value of 3,689.0 pmol/L offered an optimal predictive value for hsPDA, while on day three, the optimal cut-off value for hsPDA was 2,331.5 pmol/L. The investigators proposes day three of life (48–72 hours) as the optimal testing time. Conclusion: The NTproBNP biomarker during the early neonatal period can be a useful tool for screening and assessing hsPDA in premature infants, especially on day three of life.
Collaborative open analysis in a qualitative research environment
Authors: Schindler Christoph , Veja Cornelia , Hocker Julian , Kminek Helge , Meier Michael
Published: April 2020

One goal of open science is making research processes like analysis more open and traceable. To contribute to this aim, we designed an open digital research environment based on Semantic MediaWiki technology to be used for the qualitative collaborative analysis method of objective hermeneutics. The environment was used in university seminars in which students learned the analysis method in a research-based learning setting. This article examines added values of open analysis in learning and teaching of qualitative research methods. It outlines the potentials of the environment like guiding students through digital structures, and retracing the collaborative interpretation processes, but as well discusses the pedagogical boundaries of open online collaborative work.
Towards adding verifiability to web-based Git repositories
Authors: Afzali Hammad , Torres-Arias Santiago , Curtmola Reza , Cappos Justin
Published: April 2020

Web-based Git hosting services such as GitHub and GitLab are popular choices to manage and interact with Git repositories. However, they lack an important security feature – the ability to sign Git commits. Users instruct the server to perform repository operations on their behalf and have to trust that the server will execute their requests faithfully. Such trust may be unwarranted though because a malicious or a compromised server may execute the requested actions in an incorrect manner, leading to a different state of the repository than what the user intended.

In this paper, we show a range of high-impact attacks that can be executed stealthily when developers use the web UI of a Git hosting service to perform common actions such as editing files or merging branches. We then propose le-git-imate , a defense against these attacks, which enables users to protect their commits using Git’s standard commit signing mechanism. We implement le-git-imate as a Chrome browser extension. le-git-imate does not require changes on the server side and can thus be used immediately. It also preserves current workflows used in Github/GitLab and does not require the user to leave the browser, and it allows anyone to verify that the server’s actions faithfully follow the user’s requested actions. Moreover, experimental evaluation using the browser extension shows that le-git-imate has comparable performance with Git’s standard commit signature mechanism. With our solution in place, users can take advantage of GitHub/GitLab’s web-based features without sacrificing security, thus paving the way towards verifiable web-based Git repositories.
Screw fixation for syndesmotic injury is stronger and provides more contact area of the joint surface than TightRope®: A biomechanical study
Authors: Gräff Pascal , Alanazi Sulaiman , Alazzawi Sulaiman , Weber-Spickschen Sanjay , Krettek Christian , Dratzidis Antonios , Fleischer-Lueck Benjamin , Hawi Nael , Liodakis Emmanouil
Published: April 2020

BACKGROUND: The rupture of syndesmotic ligaments is treated with a screw fixation as the gold standard. An alternative is the stabilization with a TightRope®. A couple of studies investigated the different clinical outcome and some even looked at the stability in the joint, but none of them examined the occurring pressure after fixation. OBJECTIVE: Is there a difference in pressure inside the distal tibiofibular joint between a screw fixation and a TightRope®? Does the contact area differ in these two treatment options? METHODS: This biomechanical study aimed to investigate the differences in fixation of the injured syndesmotic ligaments by using a fixation with one quadricortical screw versus singular TightRope® both implanted 1 cm above the joint. By using 12 adult lower leg cadaveric specimens and pressure recording sensor, we recorded the pressure across the distal tibiofibular joint. Additionally we measured the contact surface area across the joint. RESULTS: The mean of the pressure across the distal tibiofibular joint from the start of the insertion of the fixation device to the complete fixation was 0.05 Pascal for the TightRope® and 0.1 for the screw (P= 0.016). The mean of the maximum pressure across the joint (after completion of fixation and releasing the reduction clamp) was 1.750 mega Pascal with the screw fixation and 0.540 mega Pascal with TightRope® (P= 0.008). The mean of the measured contact area of the distal tibiofibular joint after fixation was 250 mm2 in the TightRope® group and of 355 mm2 in the screw fixation (P= 0.123). CONCLUSIONS: The screw fixation is stronger and provides a larger surface contact area, which leads us to the conclusion that it provides a better stability in the joint. While previous clinical studies did not show significant clinical difference between the two methods of fixation, the biomechanical construct varied. Long term clinical studies are required to establish whether this biomechanical distinction will contribute to various clinical outcomes.
Discrimination of physiological tremor from pathological tremor using accelerometer and surface EMG signals
Authors: Hossen A. , Deuschl G. , Groppa S. , Heute U. , Muthuraman M.
Published: April 2020

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Although careful clinical examination and medical history are the most important steps towards a diagnostic separation between different tremors, the electro-physiological analysis of the tremor using accelerometry and electromyography (EMG) of the affected limbs are promising tools. METHODS: A soft-decision wavelet-based decomposition technique is applied with 8 decomposition stages to estimate the power spectral density of accelerometer and surface EMG signals (sEMG) sampled at 800 Hz. A discrimination factor between physiological tremor (PH) and pathological tremor, namely, essential tremor (ET) and the tremor caused by Parkinson’s disease (PD), is obtained by summing the power entropy in band 6 (B6: 7.8125–9.375 Hz) and band 11 (B11: 15.625–17.1875 Hz). RESULTS: A discrimination accuracy of 93.87% is obtained between the PH group and the ET & PD group using a voting between three results obtained from the accelerometer signal and two sEMG signals. CONCLUSION: Biomedical signal processing techniques based on high resolution wavelet spectral analysis of accelerometer and sEMG signals are implemented to efficiently perform classification between physiological tremor and pathological tremor.
Marginal and internal fit of provisional crowns fabricated using 3D printing technology
Authors: Chaturvedi Saurabh , Alqahtani Nasser M. , Addas Mohamed Khaled , Alfarsi Mohammed A.
Published: April 2020

BACKGROUND: Clinicians routinely provide provisional crowns following teeth preparation. Three-dimensional (3D) printing technology could be used over conventional methods for better fit as lack of adequate fit would result in plaque accumulation, micro-leakage, teeth sensitivity, caries and periodontal diseases. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to evaluate the marginal and internal fit of provisional crowns fabricated using 3D printing technology and to compare it with that of compression molding and milling methods. METHODS: Ninety study models were fabricated by duplicating metal master models of the maxillary first premolar molar with three different finish line chamfer, rounded shoulder and rounded shoulder with bevel. On each study model, provisional crowns were fabricated using compression molding (Mo. group, n= 30 – by over impression technique), milling (Mi. group, n= 30 – by 5-axis dental milling machine), and 3D printing method (3D-P. group, n= 30 – by 3D printer). Marginal and internal fit of the samples were evaluated by measuring gap using a scanning electron microscope with a magnification of 27 ×, at 7 zones A–G on different finish line models. The data were statistically analysed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) at the 0.05 significance level. The p-values were calculated using Dunnett’s test. RESULTS: The marginal gap was minimal for the 3D-P. group for each finish line with lowest for rounded shoulder with bevel at zone A 30.6 ± 5.3 and at zone G 32.8 ± 5.4. In axial area, i.e. zones B and F, the minimum gap was noticed for the Mo. group and in Occlusal area (cusp and fossa), for zones C–E maximum gap was determined in Mi. group followed by Mo. and 3D-P. groups. CONCLUSIONS: 3D printed provisional crowns have better marginal and internal fit compared to milled and molded provisional crowns.
Effects of Fresnel prism glasses on balance and gait in stroke patients with hemiplegia: A randomized controlled trial pilot study
Authors: Ha Sun-Young , Sung Yun-Hee
Published: April 2020

BACKGROUND: Fresnel prism shifts the field of view and converts object position in space, but its effect on stroke patients without unilateral neglect has not been examined. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to investigate the effect of Fresnel prism glasses on balance and gait in stroke patients with hemiplegia. METHODS: This study included 17 stroke patients with hemiplegia without unilateral neglect. Balance and gait training were applied in the control group (n= 9), and Fresnel prism glasses were applied with balance and gait training in the experimental group (n= 8). In all groups, interventions were done for 30 min/day for 5 times/week for 4 weeks. Motor-free visual perception test for visual perception (MVPT), Berg Balance Scale (BBS), and functional reach test (FRT) for dynamic balance ability, and gait were performed. Measurements were done before and after interventions. RESULTS: MVPT showed no significant difference between the groups (p> 0.05). A significant increase in BBS and FRT results was found before and after interventions in the experimental group (p< 0.05). Gait variables showed significant difference in the experimental group (p< 0.05). CONCLUSION: Fresnel prism glasses may effectively improve dynamic balance and gait functions by shifting body weight to the affected side of stroke patients with hemiplegia without vision loss.
A cerebral edema monitoring system based on a new excitation source
Authors: Xu Lin , Liu Chunhua , Ning Xu , Bai Zeling , Qin Mingxin , Guo Haitao , Sun Jian
Published: April 2020

BACKGROUND: Real-time clinical monitoring of cerebral edema (CE) is of great importance and requires continuously improved and optimized measurement hardware. METHODS: A new excitation source with higher frequency stability and wide output power range is presented in this work. The proposed excitation source is small in size and easy to integrate. The output power range of excitation signal used is 1.5 ∼ 33 dBm with a reference signal of 9 ∼ 11 dBm, and the phase shift stability of the excitation signal and reference signal reach 10-7 within 20 min. RESULTS: When normal saline (0.9%, 10 mL, 20 mL, 30 mL, 40 mL, and 50 mL) is injected into a human head phantom model, the magnetic induction phase shift (MIPS) changes from 252.78 ± 7.61 degrees to 252.40 ± 7.77 degrees. The MIPS signal shows a downward trend with increasing volume, indicating that MIPS can reflect the volume change of the measured object. Moreover, a more dramatic trend is visible when the solution volume increases from 0 to 10 mL and from 40 to 50 mL. This occurs where the volume increment is closer to the upper and lower sides of the over-ear sensor, where the magnetic field is strongest. CONCLUSION: The phantom simulation experiments illustrate that the proposed MIPS detection system based on a signal source can detect the real-time progress of CE. Advantages of low cost, high precision, and high sensitivity endow this system with excellent application prospects.