bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prognosis of hormonal deficits in empty sella syndrome using neuroimaging
Authors: Atci Ibrahim , Yilmaz Hakan , Karagoz Yesim , Kocak Ayhan
Published: January 2022

Aim: We have evaluated the anatomic measurements on sellar area of patients who were radiologically diagnosed with empty sella to determine the relation between the amount of pressure on the adenohypophysis and hormonal imbalances. Materials and Methods: Sixty-one cases were diagnosed with empty sella and had hormone tests and hypophysis magnetic resonance (MR). The cases were categorized into two groups – patients with hypophyseal hormone anomaly and patients without hormone anomaly. We have measured interclinoid distance, anteroposterior distance from the anterior diaphragm sella to the pituitary stalk, depth of the sella turcica, craniocaudal distance of the optic chiasm from the diaphragm sella, the heights of the right and left adenohypophysis, subcutaneous fat thickness measured orthogonal to the coronal suture and posteriorly at the level of C2–C3 for two groups on hypophysis and cranial MR imaging MRI. Results: Twenty-five hormone-positive cases (40.9%) (hormone test were abnormal) and 36 hormone-negative cases (59.1%) (hormone tests were normal) were included in the study. The most common hormone abnormality was thyroid-stimulating hormone, T3 and T4 deficiency in 12 cases (48%) and increase in prolactin level in 7 cases (28%). Right adenohypophysis height was 1.54 ± 0.840 mm for the 1st group, and 1.96 ± 0.83 mm for the 2nd group. The left adenohypophysis height was 1.66 ± 0.80 mm for the 1st group, and 1.94 ± 0.94 mm for the 2nd group. It was found out that the thickness at right and left side in the hormone-positive group diminished significantly. Conclusion: Adenohypophysis height and distance between stalk and optic nerve were good determiner for hormone defect.
Recurrent embolic stroke caused by large cavernous carotid aneurysm: Stroke recurrence prevention with high-flow bypass followed by proximal occlusion
Authors: Ono Hideaki , Inoue Tomohiro , Iijima Akira , Tanishima Takeo , Tamura Akira , Saito Isamu
Published: January 2022

Intracranial aneurysms may cause embolic stroke. Medical or surgical management is selected on an individual basis, as the optimal treatment strategy has not been established. A 79-year-old woman with a large cavernous carotid aneurysm suffered repeated embolic stroke after enlargement and partial thrombosis of the aneurysm, in spite of antiplatelet therapy. Coil embolization of the primitive trigeminal artery and ligation of the internal carotid artery (ICA) at the cervical portion followed by high-flow bypass from the cervical external carotid artery to the middle cerebral artery were performed. The aneurysm was thrombosed, and prevention of further stroke was achieved. Acute enlargement and thrombosis of large or giant cavernous carotid aneurysm may cause repeated embolic stroke, and requires emergent exclusion of the aneurysm from circulation by proximal ICA occlusion together with distal revascularization before devastating embolic stroke occurs.
The role of endoscopic endonasal approach in the multimodal management of giant pituitary adenoma: Case report and literature review
Authors: Chibbaro Salvatore , Ganau Mario , Gubian Arthur , Scibilia Antonino , Todeschi Julien , Riehm Sophie , Moliere Sebastien , Debry Christian , Goichot Bernard , Proust Francois , Cebula Helene
Published: January 2022

Giant pituitary adenomas (GPAs) are defined as pituitary lesions larger than 40 mm of diameter. Surgical resection remains the gold standard to decompress the optic apparatus, reduce lesion load, and preserve hormonal function. The endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA) has been increasingly used for the treatment of pituitary adenomas and skull base tumors due to the wide angle of view and exposure. Through the description of an exemplificative case of EEA resection of a nonsecreting GPA in the setting of a multimodal treatment, the authors discuss the advantages and disadvantages of this management strategy and provide a detailed review of the literature.
Qualitative Evaluation of Factors Inducing Environmental Pollution of the Sandy Beaches of Jeju Island Using Styrene Oligomers
Authors: Kwon Bum Gun , Ko Jea-Jun , Park Jeong-Hun
Published: January 2022

Objectives : Plastic pollution is a very important environmental issue in Korea as well as abroad. The objective of this study is to evaluate the internal and external factors that cause pollution of the coastal environment of Jeju Island using styrene oligomers (SOs) originated from polystyrene (PS) plastic.Methods : In order to achieve the above objective, this study is conducted to quantitatively measure the concentration of 12 individual SOs chemicals, through gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy (GC/MS) analyzing seawater and beach sand samples around sandy beaches in Jeju Island. This study evaluates the degree of environmental pollution according to internal or external factors of the sandy beach by using the physicochemical characteristic that SOs species are adsorbed on the surface of sand particles.Results and Discussion : The average concentration of SOs in the beach sand of Jeju Island ranges from a minimum of 9.80 ng/g to a maximum of 13.62 ng/g, and the average concentration of SOs in seawater is relatively low with a constant 0.05 to 0.11 µg/L. Although the concentration distribution of SOs species differs considerably depending on the sample collected, the concentration of SOs decreases in the order of styrene trimers (7 isomers) > styrene dimers (4 isomers) > styrene monomer. As a result of monitoring, the concentration of SOs at the sandy beaches of Jeju Island is much higher in the beach sand than in the seawater. This result means that the major beaches of Jeju Island can be polluted mainly by internal factors (e.g. population density, number of travelers according to population movement, and so on), because SOs species are adsorbed on the surface of the sand particles and their mobility is limited.Conclusions : This study shows that the sandy beaches of Jeju Island are mainly polluted by internal factors. It is thought that the pollution degree of the sandy beaches is the highest in the order of Gwakji Beach < Samyang Beach, Hamdeok Beach, Pyoseon Beach < Ihoteho Beach, Sagye Beach < Seopjikoji Beach, Gimnyeong Beach, and Hyeopjae Beach. This study is expected to contribute to the evaluation of the causes of plastic pollution in the coastal environment of Jeju Island.
Development of Inorganic Impregnated Phase Change Material(PCM) in the Pores of Activated Carbon
Authors: Baek Soyoung , Ghaffari Yasaman , Bae Jiyeol , Kim Kwang Soo
Published: January 2022

Objectives : Recently, energy-related research has shifted from developing alternative energy to the efficient management technology of the produced energy. As an alternative, research on phase change materials (PCMs) capable of absorbing and releasing heat as an energy medium has been conducted. This study developed a more efficient heat storage medium using activated carbon as a medium for the phase change material. At the same time, we developed a method for efficiently impregnating the phase change material into the activated carbon pores.Methods : The activated carbon used in this experiment was charcoal powder activated carbon (250-350 mesh) and granular activated carbon. The inorganic phase change materials used in the experiment was manganese nitrate hexahydrate. The method for impregnating the phase change material was pressurization method and dilution method. The heat absorption / emission capacity of the developed material was examined within the range of 10℃ to 50℃.Results and Discussion : The Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Transmission electron microscopy energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (TEM-EDX) analysis showed that the phase change material was filled in the pore of activated carbon. When the phase change material is filled by the pressurized method, the material properties of manganese nitrate hexahydrate are reflected, resulting in absorption and release of heat at each phase change temperature. As a result of experiments for the selection of the optimum solvent in the phase change material filling study using the dilution method, when ethanol was used as the solvent, the heat absorption was clearly observed even after the phase change material was loaded. As a result of selecting the optimal dilution ratio, the ratio of ethanol was determined to be 1:1 as the dilution ratio with the lowest amount of floating activated carbon. The optimal solvent removal method experimental results show that the heat absorption/release section occurred when the ethanol was removed by evaporation at 85℃ temperature.Conclusions : 1) Both the pressurization method and the dilution method are filling methods in which inorganic phase change materials can be immobilized inside activated carbon, and heat absorption and release characteristics are maintained even after loading. 2) The heat absorption release was maintained for ethanol and the optimal dilution ratio was 1:1. 3) In case of the dilute solvent removal method, the heat absorption/release capacity was maintained when the solvent was removed using only the vaporization method.
Efek Temperature Humidity Index terhadap Konsumsi Air Minum dan Performans Ayam Kampung Super dengan Pemberian Enkapsulasi Fitobiotik Minyak Buah Merah
Authors: Syaefullah Bangkit Lutfiaji , Herawati Maria , Timur Ni Putu Vidia Tiara , Widayati Okti
Published: January 2022

Ayam kampung super merupakan salah satu ayam kampung yang ditingkatkan performannya dengan perkawinan silang. Akan tetapi, perkawinan silang tidak serta merta memperbaiki performan. Ada beberapa hal lain yang mempengaruhi performan yaitu lingkungan dan feed additive. Oleh karena itu, tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh Temperature Humidity Index dan pemberian enkapsulasi fitobiotik minyak buah merah terhadap konsumsi air minum dan performans ayam kampung super. Materi yang digunakan adalah alat ekstraksi, alat dan bahan enkapsulasi, buah merah, kandang individu dan ayam kampung super serta pakan starter. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu Rancangan Acak Lengkap 5 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan dengan uji lanjut Duncan Multiple Range Test. Pemeliharaan dilakukan selama 56 hari dengan Temperature Humidity Index yaitu 24,44 - 35,21 oC. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa penambahan enkapsulasi buah merah tidak berpengaruh terhadap konsumsi air minum (P>0,05), konsumsi pakan (P>0,05), feed conversion ratio (P>0,05) dan berpengaruh nyata terhadap pertambahan bobot badan (P<0,05). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa kondisi lingkungan dilokasi penelitian (Papua) relatif ekstrim dilihat dari selisih THI. Selain itu, berdasarkan uji lanjut bahwa penambahan enkapsulasi fitobiotik minyak buah merah terhadap penambahan bobot badan menghasilkan perlakuan terbaik pada penambahan 2,5% enkapsulasi minyak buah merah.
The Politics and Ideology of Planning
Authors: Marshall Tim
Published: January 2022

Marshall examines the ideological structuring of current planning models and the interplay of political interests. He analyses attempts at planning reform by recent governments to show how we can generate more effective political engagements for common gain.
Food Hygiene Rating Scheme (FHRS) Food and You 2: Wave 2
Authors: Armstrong Dr Beth , King Lucy , Ibrahimi Ayla , Clifford Robin , Jitlal Mark
Published: January 2022

he Food Hygiene Rating Scheme (FHRS) is run in partnership between the Food Standards Agency and Local Authorities and provides information on the standards of hygiene found in food businesses at the time they are inspected. The scheme covers businesses providing food directly to consumers, such as restaurants, pubs, cafés, takeaways, hotels, hospitals, schools and other places people eat away from home, as well as supermarkets and other food shops. In Wales, the scheme also includes businesses that trade only with other businesses, for example, manufacturers. Food and You 2: Wave 2 is the first wave of data collection to include questions relating to the FHRS. The Food and You 2 survey has replaced the biennial Food and You survey (2010-2018), biannual Public Attitudes Tracker (2010-2019) and the Food Hygiene Rating Scheme (FHRS) Consumer Attitudes Tracker (2014-2019). We previously commissioned the FHRS Consumer Attitudes Tracker survey to monitor consumer awareness, attitudes towards and use of the scheme. The survey moved from a biannual basis to an annual basis from 2017 onwards. Due to differences in the question content, presentation and mode of response, direct comparisons should not be made between these earlier surveys and Food and You 2.
Capillas urbanas y religiosidad popular en el distrito de Huacho, 2016
Authors: Castillo Aurelio Remy Gonzalez , Chumacero Ricardo Vílchez , Torreblanca Randolfo Nuñez
Published: January 2022

Objetivo: Comprender origen, forma de organización, carácter histórico artístico de las capillas urbanas y las características de la religiosidad popular que presentan en el distrito de Huacho. Métodos: Es una investigación cualitativa, descriptiva e interpretativa, se realizaron 6 entrevistas y 3 observaciones participante; el cuestionario y guía de observación fue validado por juicio de expertos. Resultados; identificación de 26 capillas urbanas, predominan vírgenes, tienen organización con participación de ambos sexos, poseen niveles artísticos, se le atribuyen sacralización, utilizan símbolos y rituales hay vínculos entre devotos y capillas vía promesas. Conclusiones: Capillas originadas por vecinos con mayor participación femenina, refleja arte especializado y no especializado, mayoría son reconocidas como sagradas, practican símbolos y rituales católicos tradicionales, relación fuerte entre devoto y capilla mediante promesas.
Evaluation of cord blood ischemia modified albumin and mean platelet volume in infants of preeclamptic mothers
Authors: KAVURT Ayşen Sumru , İYİGÜN Fatma , DEMİREL Nihal , ULUBAS ISİK Dilek , ÖZDEMİRCİ Şafak , BAŞ Ahmet Yağmur
Published: January 2022

Aim: Oxidative stress (OS) is a known cause of placental dysfunction, thus may be causally related to preeclampsia and
small for gestational age infant (SGA). We aimed to investigate cord blood ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) and mean
platelet volüme (MPV) levels in neonates born to mothers with preeclampsia and correlate the determined levels with
beeing SGA.
Material and Method: A prospective controlled study was conducted. Fifty infants of mothers with preeclampsia, 40
healthy neonates of healthy mothers were included. Cord blood IMA and MPV levels were measured in infants of
mothers with preeclampsia. The role of cord blood IMA levels to predict beeing SGA was also investigated.
Results: Cord blood IMA and MPV levels of infants of preeclamptic mothers were significantly higher compared to
controls. Serum IMA levels were significantly higher in SGA infants compared to appropirate for gestational age (AGA)
infants (p=0.018), however MPV levels were similar in both groups (p=0.735).
Conclusion: According to this study cord blood IMA and MPV levels may be considered useful as a simple measure of
OS status in infants of mothers with preeclampsia. However, further studies with larger samples will be necessary to
determine usefulness of these markers in clinical practice.
PENGARUH STRATEGI GREEN MARKETING TERHADAP PILIHAN KONSUMEN MELALUI PENDEKATAN MARKETING MIX
Authors: Feriandy Feriandy
Published: January 2022

Green Marketing Strategy is a one-way marketing strategy flow that is made to direct someone to buy theproduction produced by the company. Consumer Choice through the marketing mix approach is a reference to thesuccess of a company in providing its services to consumers. The purpose of this research is to find out whether thereis an effect of Green Marketing Strategy on Consumer Choicethrough the Marketing Mix Approach at PT. AskotamaInti Nusantara.“The sampling technique used in this study the author uses the Random Sampling technique(Randomly on All Consumers) where each member of the population has the same opportunity to be selected as theoverall sample, but the sample in this study is the entire population that is sampled .“The results obtained thatpartially and simultaneously there is a positive and significant influence betweenthe Green Marketing Strategy onConsumer Choices Through the Marketing Mix Approach.“Keywords: GreenMarketing Strategy and Consumer Choice Through the Marketing Mix Approach.
Competencias directivas en una universidad de la zona central de Chile
Authors: Salazar Botello Carlos Mauricio , Muñoz-Jara Yohana Andrea , Caviedes Ramos Diego Andrés
Published: January 2022

La educación superior en los actuales escenarios da especial énfasis en las competencias de gestión que las instituciones requieren. Este trabajo analiza las competencias directivas de los académicos y administrativos que ocupan cargos en una universidad de la zona central de Chile, desde su propia perspectiva. Precisando las mejores prácticas, determinando los cocimientos, habilidades y actitudes requeridas e identificando los factores del entorno de trabajo que favorecen o dificultan la obtención de un alto desempeño en sus cargos. La metodología utilizada es cualitativa, 21 directivos, académicos y administrativos, contestaron voluntariamente un instrumento elaborado en base a la entrevista de incidentes críticos. Los directivos académicos mencionan que una de las prácticas recomendadas es mantener el diálogo permanente con las diferentes personas, poseer habilidades para manejar conflictos y mantener un buen clima de trabajo. Por su parte, para los directivos administrativos es recomendado actuar de manera comprometida con la institución y poseer conocimientos en gestión. Ambos grupos coinciden en que una de las principales complicaciones son las restricciones administrativas establecidas reglamentariamente por la institución en cuestión.
Diseño y validación de un instrumento para medir la integración intercultural en los negocios internacionales
Authors: Haros-Pérez Janelly Mitsué , Morales-Towns Verónica , García-Zúñiga Carlos Alejandro , Mata-Sánchez Gabriela Aracely
Published: January 2022

La naturaleza de las experiencias de choque cultural se describe como las reacciones problemáticas de individuos que están expuestos a situaciones desconocidas o muy diferentes a su propio contexto cultural. El choque cultural es una situación crítica dentro del proceso de integración de los negocios internacionales, ya que la frustración generada por percepciones diferentes acarrea tensiones en las relaciones interpersonales. El propósito del presente artículo es describir el proceso de diseño, desarrollo y validación de un nuevo instrumento de medición de integración cultural en los negocios internacionales adaptado a partir de los estudios de Hall (1976), Hofstede (2001) y Cushner (1986). Se incluyen cinco fases del proceso de diseño y desarrollo del instrumento, utilizando el método de comprobación cuantitativa para medir la confiabilidad y validez de las variables desarrolladas en la encuesta. La muestra incluyó veinte directivos de nacionalidad española trabajando en empresas españolas establecidas en México. Los hallazgos más importantes incluyeron la identificación de los principales desafíos que plantean la creación o adaptación de un instrumento de medición en el contexto intercultural, tales como el uso del lenguaje al crear los reactivos y el sesgo que puede ocasionar la elección de una escala de medición sin una opción intermedia.
علاقة التعصب بالاتجاه نحو المواطنة لدى طلبة الجامعة
Authors: Gaafar Fakeha Gaafar Mohammed
Published: January 2022

استهدف البحث الحالي الى التعرف على العلاقة بين التعصب والاتجاه نحو المواطنة كما استهدف قياس التعصب والاتجاه نحو المواطنة لدى عينة البحث الحالي وعلى الفروق بين المجموعتين العليا والدنيا في التعصب وكذلك التعرف على التنبؤ بالتعصب والاتجاه نحو المواطنة وفقاً لنوع الطلبة (ذكوراً- إناثاً) ومكان الإقامة (مدينة- ريفاً) والانتماء السياسي (انتمي- لا انتمي) لدى طلبة كلية التربية /صبر/ جامعة عدن وقد تآلفت عينة الدراسة من (174) طالباً وطالبة ثم اختيارهم بالطريقة العشوائية تمثل نسبة (12%) من اجمالي مجتمع الدراسة البالغ عددهم (1109) طالباً وطالبة بينهم (128) ذكراً و(46) من الاناث وقد استخدمت الباحثة استبانة التعصب المكونة من(56) مفردة من إعداد الباحثة واستبانة الاتجاه نحو المواطنة المكونة من(26) مفردة من إعداد مهيوبي وابوطبال (2014) كما استخدمت التجزئة النصفية و الفاكرونباخ لإستخراج ثبات ادوات البحث ومعاملات ارتباط بيرسون وذلك لإستخراج صدق الادوات وقد حازت الادوات على صدق وتبات مقبولين لإجراء البحث الحالي, كما استخدمت الباحثة الاختبار التائي لعينة واحدة وذلك لايجاد الفرق بين المتوسط الحسابي والمتوسط الفرضي لعينة البحث على استبانة التعصب وكذلك على استبانة الاتجاه نحو المواطنة والاختبار التائي لعينتين مستقلتين لايجاد الفرق بين المجموعة العليا والدنيا في التعصب على مقياس الاتجاه نحو المواطنة والانحدار المتعدد التدريجي وذلك للتعرف على المتغيرات المستقلة (النوع ومكان الاقامة و الانتماء السياسي) الاكثر تنبؤاً واسهاماً بالتعصب والاتجاه نحو المواطنة.

وقد اظهرت النتيجة علاقة موجبة(طردية) ذات الدلالة الاحصائية بين التعصب والاتجاه نحو المواطنة.

يوجد فرق ذات دلالة احصائية بين المتوسط الحسابي للعينة والمتوسط الفرضي لمقياس التعصب لصالح المتوسط الحسابي للعينة أي انه يوجد تعصب لدى الطلبة المشمولين بالبحث الحالي.

يوجد فرق ذات دلالة احصائية بين المتوسط الحسابي للعينة والمتوسط الفرضي لمقياس الاتجاه نحو المواطنة لصالح المتوسط الحسابي للعينة أي انه يوجد اتجاه نحو المواطنة لدى الطلبة المشمولين بالبحث الحالي.

يوجد فرق ذات دلالة احصائية بين متوسطي درجات الاتجاه نحو المواطنة لدى الطلبة ذوي التعصب العالي والطلبة ذوي التعصب الواطئ لصالح الطلبة ذوي التعصب العالي.

يوجد اسهاماً اكثر تنبؤاً بالتعصب ذات دلالة احصائية لدى طلبة كلية التربية/صبر/جامعة عدن لصالح النوع (الذكور- الاناث) بينما لم يسهم مكان الاقامة (مدينة- ريف) و الانتماء السياسي (انتمي – لا انتمي).

يوجد اسهاماً اكثر تنبؤاً بالاتجاه نحو المواطنة ذات دلالة احصائية لدى طلبة كلية التربية/صبر/ جامعة عدن لصالح مكان الإقامة (مدينة-ريفاً) ولم يسهم النوع (ذكوراً – اناثاً) والانتماء السياسي (انتمي – لا انتمي).
Nutritional quality of some non-alcoholic beverages from the Romanian market
Authors: Busuricu Florica , Schroder Verginica , Margaritti Doina , Anghel Andreea Hortensa , Tomos Sirma
Published: January 2022

In the recent years, young consumers choose to consume from the category of soft drinks, without acknowledging that their health may be endangered. To this end, we aim to contribute to the real scientific estimation of the nutrient intake from a number of 20 waters with vitamins and minerals having a reduced addition of fruit extract (1-3%), compared to juices that have 10-30 % fruits extract, from those sold in Romania. We analyzed the presentation of the nutritional declaration, the quality of the additives and the profiling of nutrients through the SENS system. The obtained results classify the products in the category of those with low energy value and in the category “significant sources of vitamins and minerals”; there are from food classes 2 and 4, as a nutritional profile
The content of the preventive measure of home detention
Authors: Stanciu Mihai-Alexandru
Published: January 2022

The criminal procedural provisions in Romania regulate a number of 5 preventive measures, of which 3 are custodial and two restrictive. Of these, the measure of house arrest, regulated as a novelty at the beginning of 2014, seems to be an intermediate form between judicial control and pre-trial detention, borrowing elements of content from both measures. Compared to the obligations that can be imposed on the defendant arrested at home, certain situations can be left uncovered by the legislator, which can make the measure seem ineffective in practice.
Vocabulary Mastery in University Students: a Study on EFL Context
Authors: Meung Hluing , Htut Myet
Published: January 2022

This article discusses strategies for increasing the vocabulary of university students. Knowledge the value of students' vocabulary skills and understanding in order to assist student abilities in all elements of the English language The purpose of producing this essay is to improve one's ability to communicate verbally and in writing. Skills such as listening, speaking, reading, understanding, and writing are all mentioned. This is because the four abilities are one and the same entity; we cannot separate them, yet they may be recognized from one another.
CBN Monetary Policy and Inflation Nexus in Nigeria: An empirical approach
Authors: Okotori Tonprebofa Waikumo , Gbalam Eze
Published: January 2022

Purpose: The study explored monetary policy effect on inflation stabilization in Nigeria. Increasing levels of indebtedness may have reduced the fiscal space for fiscal policy intervention and this leaves monetary policy as the real tool of choice for macroeconomic stabilisation. The question we need to ask then is, how effective is this tool of choice?Methodology: Monthly time series data from 2009-2018 were used in estimating the model. The ADF test for the stationarity, the johansen cointegration test and the vector error correction model were utilized in testing the variables. The findings from the unit root test did indicate stationarity at first difference 1(1). The cointegration (Johansen) test indicates that there was a nexus linking inflation and all the regressors adopted in the long term.Findings: The result of the VECM for the two estimated models shows a self-equilibrating mechanism of 14 per cent and 32 per cent for the first and second models respectively. The findings further reveal that the variables; liquidity ratio, policy rate (MPR), exchange rate, reserve requirement and treasury bills rate all had an effective impact on the inflation rate and that that effect was very significant.  Hence, the CBN's monetary policy shocks do seem to have the expected traction on the Nigerian economy.Unique Contribution: The results make it pertinent for the CBN to utilize all the policy measures adopted in order to keep inflation within acceptable thresholds and prepare to keep inflation within the targeted range of 6-9 per cent, no matter the anticipated or unanticipated strong head winds.
EXAMINING THE FINANCE- GROWTH NEXUS IN CAMEROON USING COINTEGRATION APPROACH
Authors: Ngimanang Achamoh
Published: January 2022

Purpose: This study explores the empirical relationship between growth rate of real GDP and financial development using Cameroons time series data spanning from 1978 to 2017. 

Methodology: After shedding light to the evolution of financial development in Cameroon and exploring some relevant literature, the study assesses the finance-growth linkages in Cameroon by specifying and estimating the long run and short run functions for financial development using cointegration and Error Correction modeling (ECM) techniques in addition to Engle and Granger causality testing.  

Findings: Growth of real GDP used in this paper to capture economic growth was reported to have a positive and highly significant relationship with the variable for financial development and the relation was more significant in the short run than in the long run after controlling for other variables. Bidirectional causality was also noticed between the two set of variables.

Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: Results of this paper suggests that financial sector of Cameroon can efficiently allocate credit to the private sector as an indicator of financial development by stimulating economic activities with the aim of raising gross domestic product of the country in both short and long run.

Keywords: Economic growth, financial development, cointegration, Cameroon
THE EFFECT OF HUMAN CAPITAL ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN SOME SUB SAHARA AFRICAN COUNTRIES (SSA)
Authors: SAJOH AISHA AHMAD
Published: January 2022

Purpose: This research looked into debate on the possible impact of human capital on economic growth in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and considers two alternative measures of human capital: health and education.

Methodology: The research used a dynamic model based on the system generalized method of moments (SGMM) and analysed a balanced panel data covering 35 countries from 1986–2018. The research used Microsoft excel to record all the data gotten from the world indicator data base from world bank, penn world table data base and CANA database. The analysis was presented in a tabular form.

Findings: This study found that human capital has an overall positive and statistically significant impact on economic growth in the SSA region, although, democracy has a negative and statistically significant impact on economic growth in the region. This finding shows the importance of both measures of human capital and aligns with the argument in the literature that neither education nor health is a perfect substitute for the other as a measure of human capital.

Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy:Generally, the finding emphasised that both education and health measures of human capital are important, and that policymakers must consider the level of economic development while formulating policies that can enhance the impact of human capital on economic growth in the Sub-Saharan Africa region.
PENERAPAN NILAI – NILAI MODERASI BERAGAMA DI BALI STUDI KERJA SAMA RUMAH MODERASI BERAGAMA IAIN CURUP DI UNIVERSITAS HINDU NEGERI I GUSTI BAGUS SUGRIWA BALI
Authors: Sumarto Sumarto
Published: January 2022

Penerapan nilai – nilai Moderasi Beragama di Bali studi kerja sama Rumah Moderasi Beragama IAIN Curup di Universitas Hindu Negeri I Gusti Bagus Sugriwa Bali. Moderasi hidup beragama merupakan tata cara kehidupan beragama yang kondusif, aman, nyaman, tenteram, damai, rukun, harmonis, penuh toleransi, dan memiliki pribadi beragama yang ramah tamah. Berdasarkan kegiatan studi kerja sama yang dilakukan Rumah Moderasi Beragama IAIN Curup yaitu filosofi moderasi beragama Hindu terlihat dari tata hidup beragama yang didasari oleh ajaran agama Hindu sesuai pustaka suci Weda dan susastra sebagai pedoman atau tuntunan hidup beragama Hindu secara mudah, praktis, aman, nyaman, damai, rukun, toleransi, harmonis, dan kondusif. Hal ini sesuai dengan indicator dari Moderasi Beragama yaitu toleransi dan tidak melakukan kekerasan serta ramah terhadap budaya dan relegi lokal. Moderasi Beragama menjaga dan mengembangkan potensi Bangsa Indonesia berupa keragaman suku, ras, budaya, bahasa, agama, dan lain sebagainya merupakan modal utama dalam melaksanakan pembangunan. Meski beragam, Indonesia tetap satu. Keragaman di Indonesia merupakan kekayaan dan keindahan bangsa. Pentingnya Pemerintah harus bisa mendorong keberagaman tersebut menjadi suatu kekuatan untuk bisa mewujudkan persatuan dan kesatuan nasional menuju Indonesia yang lebih baik.
Estrategias y competitividad en la era digital
Authors: Sánchez Fuentes Silvia Leticia , Molina Verdugo Clara , Soto Federico María del Rosario , Sanzarric Aguilar Conrado , Pedroza Montero Francisca , Hernández Rodríguez Sergio Jorge , Palafox de Anda Gustavo , Aguado Cortés César , Castelo Chávez Lilia Cristina , Oshima Mercado José Armando , López Parra María Elvira , Del Rincón Valenzuela Ana Karen , Ortiz Noriega Ana Elsa , Félix Enríquez Sergio , Verdugo Hernández Bianca Darlett , Martínez Zermeño José Humberto , Calles Montijo Fernando , Félix Armenta Belem , Lee Estrella Gabriela , Campoy Barreras Ramón , Gómez Vásquez Martín Arturo , Bocanegra Gastélum Carmen Otilia , Mendívil Ballesteros Leslie , Camarena Gómez Dena María Jesús , Espejel Blanco Joel Enrique , Franco Mendívil Gerardo , Robles Baldenegro María Elena , Figueroa González Luis Fernando
Published: January 2022

En la interminable búsqueda por el progreso y mejora en las empresas y organizaciones se investigan, estudian y analizan los distintos factores que conforman y rodean a dichas organizaciones. En las investigaciones presentadas en este libro se muestra la combinación de estrategias y competitividad en la era digital, ya que, de diversos estudios en las pymes, sus públicos de interés internos y externos, así como la intervención de la inteligencia artificial en los procesos administrativos y productivos de las organizaciones, estudios en diversos ámbitos de mercado, social, económico, turismo, fiscal, capital humano, entre otros; emanan propuestas de estrategias que, al aplicarlas se logre la competitividad de estas organizaciones, así como su integración a la economía global.
Realidades de la integración, el comercio internacional y la logística
Authors: Rodríguez López María del Carmen , Robles Valencia Arturo , Salgado Beltrán Lizbeth , Villareal Peralta Edna María , Camarena Gómez Dena María Jesús , Robles Baldenegro María Elena , Rodríguez Gámez Liz Ileana , Méndez León Jaciel , Córdova Preciado Mónica Lilian , Sierra Carmen Alejandra , Molina Lozano Gabriela Angelina , Armenta Francisco René , Cota Verduzco Fátima Judith
Published: January 2022

El mundo cambia vertiginosamente, en la actualidad los negocios se conciben desde una perspectiva muy distinta a la realidad que se vivía hace 35 años cuando México se incorporó al Acuerdo General de Aranceles y Comercio (GATT, por sus siglas en inglés). El Tratado de Libre Comercio de América del Norte (TLCAN), vigente durante más de dos décadas, fortaleció e incrementó los flujos comerciales con cambios significativos en la estructura productiva y en el rumbo del desarrollo económico del país. Hoy en día, el T-MEC coloca la relación comercial y económica entre México, Estados Unidos y Canadá en un nuevo nivel, aunque en un entorno global más incierto que en el pasado y en el cual el comercio mundial está transitando, al mismo tiempo, por un declive y un reajuste derivado de la pandemia del SARS-CoV-2. Por ello, a partir de junio de 2020, la entrada en vigor de este nuevo acuerdo no sólo conlleva oportunidades comerciales y de inversión, sino además visibiliza nuevos retos para la economía de México y para la región donde Sonora se integra a las cadenas globales. En este contexto, en el que la fisonomía y la geografía de los negocios cambiaron y han dejado aprendizajes valiosos, esta obra colectiva se estructura en nueve capítulos de investigación básica y aplicada en relación con la integración económica, el comercio, la logística y las políticas públicas de apoyo a los negocios internacionales. En el libro se exponen y discuten las implicaciones de las realidades de la integración, el comercio internacional y la logística tanto en México como en el estado de Sonora, por lo que será de gran utilidad para académicos, estudiantes, tomadores de decisiones, en el ámbito público o privado, y para todos los interesados en estos temas.
O GESTOR FINANCEIRO E A TOMADA DE DECISÃO CORPORATIVA
Authors: Paulina dos Reis Sirlene
Published: January 2022

No mundo globalizado, as concorrências empresariais e a volatilidade econômico-financeira tem sido objeto de constante preocupação das organizações. O conhecimento e a aplicação correta dos princípios econômicos no momento da tomada de decisão, bem como uma eficiente gestão dos processos financeiros tornaram-se um divisor entre o ápice e a ruína de uma empresa. O artigo pretende ressaltar a administração financeira como uma ramificação da ciência da administração, a qual se especializa cotidianamente para prover o crescimento sustentável das organizações. O objetivo principal deste estudo é conhecer o profissional que aplica as práticas gerenciais financeiras nas empresas e sua importância nos processos decisórios – o Gestor financeiro. A metodologia utilizada é a revisão bibliográfica da produção literária financeira, cujo estudo permitiu conhecer o ambiente organizacional e mercadológico em que este profissional atua, sua formação, funções, habilidades e responsabilidades. O resultado apontou para um avanço histórico no que se refere à imprescindibilidade corporativa de ter em suas divisões estruturais este profissional, com expertise em aumentar o valor da empresa, mantendo-a com liquidez e solidez no mercado. Destaca-se, portanto, o Gestor financeiro como um dos principais executivos da organização com atuação direta na tomada de decisão.
Susceptibility of Three Rose Genotypes to Japanese Beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) Adult Feeding
Authors: Tiddens Paul , Cloyd Raymond
Published: January 2022

Japanese beetle (Popillia japonica) adults are a major insect pest of cultivated roses, causing extensive feeding damage to both foliage and flowers. Insecticides are primarily used to minimize adult injury to roses; however, insecticides may be harmful to natural enemies and their use may be restricted, particularly in public gardens. An alternative management strategy is the use of rose genotypes that express some level of herbivore tolerance. However, there is little information on rose genotypes that are tolerant or less susceptible to adult Japanese beetle leaf feeding. This study evaluated the susceptibility of three new rose genotypes introduced into the Crasberg Rose Garden at the Chicago Botanic Garden, Glencoe, Illinois, U.S. The genotypes were Rosa ‘Radrazz’ Knock Out™, Rosa ‘Crimson Bouquet,’ and Rosa ‘Love and Peace.’ Two laboratory experiments, a no-choice and multiple-choice leaf-feeding assay, were conducted in 2002 and 2003 to assess susceptibility of the new rose and two established genotypes to Japanese beetle adult feeding. Although there were significant statistical differences between the rose genotypes, in almost all cases the mean percentage damage rating exceeded 50%. Mean percentage damage ratings for the 2002 and 2003 no-choice experiments ranged from 15% to 78% and 60% to 75%, respectively. Mean percentage damage ratings for the 2002 and 2003 multiple-choice experiments ranged from 34% to 58% and 47% to 53%, respectively. These results indicate that all the rose genotypes tested are susceptible to Japanese beetle adult feeding and may not be appropriate selections for use in areas with established Japanese beetle populations.
Branch Strength Loss Implications for Silver Maple (Acer saccharinum) Converted from Round-Over to V-Trim
Authors: Dahle Gregory , Holt Harvey , Chaney William , Whalen Timothy , Cassens Daniel , Gazo Rado , McKenzie Rita
Published: January 2022

Trees converted from round-over to V-trims could develop a canopy of potentially weak watersprouts growing on parent stems with a high probability of decay. This study was conducted to determine if the conversion from round-over to V-trimming predisposes silver maple (Acer saccharinum L.) trees to failure, and if decay is more likely to occur in watersprouts arising after heading cuts than in branches arising from lateral buds. Watersprouts were mechanically pulled from converted trees and found to be 49% weaker than normally occurring branches. Branch strength at failure (stress) decreased as watersprouts grew in size, and decay was present in over one-half of the watersprout at the point of failure. The conversion from round-over to V-trimming appears to predispose silver maple trees to failure.
Decay Patterns in Silver Maple (Acer saccharinum) Trees Converted from Roundovers to V-Trims
Authors: Dahle Gregory , Holt Harvey , Chaney William , Whalen Timothy , Grabosky Jason , Cassens Daniel , Gazo Rado , McKenzie Rita , Santini Judith
Published: January 2022

Trees growing beneath electrical power lines are often subjected to heading cuts made during roundover trimming. Heading cuts create wounds that allow decay to enter the branch, and a decay column will form if the tree does not contain it with compartmental reaction zones. The presence of a sizable decay column may predispose the leader to failure, especially when the tree has been converted from a roundover to a V-trim. The objectives of this study were to quantify the amount of decay in silver maples (Acer saccharinum L.) converted from roundover to V-trims and to develop models to allow utility arborists to estimate the extent of internal decay columns. Parent stems (leaders) were removed from converted trees, cut into 50 cm (20 in) sections, and measured for internal and external decay. Eighty percent of the leaders had internal decay columns beginning within 50 cm (20 in) of the heading cut and internal decay columns were found to be over 2 times longer than the length of external decay. Models are presented to predict the length and volume of internal decay from external measurements on the leader, including length of external decay.
LA ENCÍCLICA FRATELLI TUTTI COMO HORIZONTE DE ESPERANZA PARA LA CRISIS DE FRATERNIDAD EN MÉXICO
Authors: Sols Lucia José
Published: January 2022

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LEYENDO FRATELLI TUTTI DESDE EUROPA
Authors: Camacho, S.J. Ildefonso
Published: January 2022

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L’ACTUALITÉ DES THÈMES D’ECCLESIA IN AFRICA ET D’AFRICAE MUNUS DANS FRATELLI TUTTI
Authors: Ndodé-Sikossi, OP Patrick
Published: January 2022

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EFEKTIVITAS PENGELOLAAN PERPUSTAKAAN DALAM MENINGKATKAN LAYANAN PENDIDIKAN DI MAN 2 LANGKAT
Authors: Abdullah Sani Kurniadinata Irma Dahriah, Ahmad Zaki,
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Efektifitas Pengelolaan Perpustakaan Dalam Meningkatkan Layanan Pendidikan Di MAN 2 Langkat, Penelitian yang dilakukan ini adalah penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Penelitian deskriptif kualitatif mencoba mencari deskripsi yang tepat dan cukup dari semua aktivitas, objek, proses, dan manusia. Penelitian ini berupaya menggambarkan efektivitas atau hasil akhir dari pengelolaan dan pelayanan di perpustakaan MAN 2 Langkat. Hasil penelitian adalah Implementasi yang dilakukan kepala sekolah dalam memenuhi sarana perpustakaan telah cukup baik dalam memenuhi kebutuhan bahan pustaka dan mencari sumber daya manusia yang cukup baik dalam mengelola perpustakaan MAN 2 Langkat. Dan pengarahan dalam bentuk meningkatkan minat baca kepada siswa maupun tenaga pendidik. Pustakawan MAN 2 Langkat telah berusaha meningkatkan pengelolaan perpustakaan dengan cukup baik, walau hanya sebatas mengelola bahan pustaka yang tersedia, serta memotivasi siswa untuk berkunjung keperspustakaan bekerja sama dengan para guru mata pelajaran, dan selalu berkomunikasi dengan kepala sekolah, jika ada kesulitan maupun ada yang dibutuhkan. Dalam minat baca siswa MAN 2 Langkat masih kurang dalam mintanya karena kurangnya dorongan dari Guru dan buku terbaru kurang variatif.
Pengaruh Model Make A Match Berbantu Kartu Bergambar Terhadap Hasil Belajar IPS Tema Kayanya Negeriku Di Kelas IV SDN No 105361 Lubuk Cemara
Authors: Umar Darwis Cindy Pratiwi,
Published: January 2022

This study aims to determine the results of social studies learning using a make a match model with the help of picture cards. This is shown from the results of the calculation of the posttest hypothesis test through the t-test at a significance level of 0.05, where tcount > ttable (4.25>1.994437) This result is strengthened by the achievement of the average score of students in the conventional learning class with the value of 76.2 while the make a match model obtained a value of 88.97. These results indicate that student activities can be categorized very well in using the make a match model with the help of picture cards.
The First COVID-19 Mortality in Batu Pahat, Johor: Lesson Learnt
Authors: Shu Ann Hon  , Lian Thai Lee  , Qin Jian Low
Published: January 2022

COVID-19 had been declared as a global pandemic on 11 March 2020. This case report is about Severe Acute Respiratory Infection (SARI) due to COVID-19 (Corona Virus-19). A 68-yearold lady with underlying hypertension and congestive cardiac failure presented with fever and productive cough for 5 days duration. One week before her presentation, she had travelled to Kluang, Johor for a wedding gathering which was later found to have contributed to a cluster of COVID-19 cases. Otherwise, she denied any sick or known COVID-19 contact. Respiratory examination revealed left lower zonecrepitations. She was tachypnoeic on a high flow mask 15 L and hypotensive (BP 90/70 mm Hg) on arrival at the hospital. Chest radiograph showed bilateral asymmetrical consolidations. There was a presence of lymphopenia while her dengue serology result was negative. She was treated as SARI secondary to pneumonia with septic shock and required mechanical ventilation due to respiratory failure. Nasopharyngeal swab for SARS CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus-2) was taken as positive for COVID-19 on the third day of admission. Apart from supportive andintensive care measures, she was commenced on oral hydroxychloroquine, subcutaneous Interferon Beta and syrup lopinavir/ritonavir per local guidelines during that period. Unfortunately, she developed acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) on day 3 of admission and passed away due to respiratory failure. Clinicians should pay attention to the COVID-19 critical disease profile and mortality risks. By identifying high-risk patients early, medical resources can be administered in an organized way and timely way to improve the efficacy of the healthcare services.
Children Vaccination of COVID-19
Authors: Shimmi Sadia Choudhury , Hossain Parash M Tanveer
Published: January 2022

The Delta variant is currently the highly contagious predominant variant of the SARSCoV-2 virus worldwide that causes severe illness more than the previous variants in unvaccinated people (CDC, 2021). At a White House briefing, the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases director, Anthony Fauci, predicted that there would be an increase in the number of child hospitalisation proportionate to the increased number of children getting infected with the Delta variant (Press briefing White House, 2021). In response to this situation, the FDA (U.S. Food and Drug Administration) approved Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna vaccines for children aged 12 – 17 years. Vaccines in children aged 5 – 11 years are currently under clinical trial (Sick-Samuels & Messina, 2021).
VARIATIONS IN ACCESSIBILITY OF ROUND WINDOW VIA POSTERIOR TYMPANOTOMY APPROACH IN COCHLEAR IMPLANT SURGERY
Authors: Mushahid Uzair , Raza Sayed Nusrat , Ali Muhammad , Ahmed Shoaib , Hakim Abdul , Ahmed Shakeel
Published: January 2022

Objective: To apply the St Thomas’ Hospital (STH) classification of round window type, in a Pakistani pediatric population undergoing cochlear implantation, and rate the inter observer variability of applying this classification.

Study Design: Cross sectional study.

Place and Duration of Study: Combined Military Hospital Rawalpindi, from Apr 2019 to Dec 2020.

Methodology: Patients were examined per-operatively by a panel of four surgeons after "optimal" posterior tympanotomy for round window variations, as per STH classification of approachability of RWM. The observations of the four surgeons were recorded and interobserver variation was assessed and analyzed.

Results: A total of 100 patients were operated, 45 females and 55 males. Mean age was 3.8 years. There was minimal inter observer variability with regards to round window type and extent of "optimal" posterior tympanotomy. Three patients had type I, 76 had type IIA, 15 had type IIB and 6 patients had type III. Round window insertion/membranous cochleostomy was possible in 70 patients, whereas the rest require extended round window approach or bony cochleostomy.

Conclusion: The STH classification is a useful predictor of route of CI electrode insertion and most patients can undergo RW insertion with confidence based on minimal variation between surgeons when applying the STH classification as well as when deciding the extent of surgical exposure.