bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Onboard Pointing Error Detection and Estimation of Observation Satellite Data Using Extended Kalman Filter
Authors: Dhanalakshmi R. , Bhavani N. P. G. , Raju S. Srinivasulu , Shaker Reddy Pundru Chandra , Mavaluru Dinesh , Singh Devesh Pratap , Batu Areda
Published: October 2022

The satellite communication is embellished constantly by providing information, ensuring security, and enables the communication among huge at a particular time efficiently. The satellite navigation helps in determining the people’s location. Global development, natural disasters, change in climatic conditions, agriculture crop growth, etc., are monitored using satellite observation. Hence, the satellite includes detailed information data, and it must be protected confidentially. The field of the satellite is enhanced at an astonishing pace. Satellite data play an important role in this modern world; hence, the onboard-satellite data must secure through the proper selection of error detection and estimation schema. Lightweight deep learning algorithm based on Extended Kalman Filter (KFK) is proposed to detect and estimate onboard pointing error such as an error in attitude and orbit. The Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) is widely used in the satellite system. EKF is utilized in this proposed model to detect the onboard pointing error such as attitude and orbit determination. An autonomous estimation of orbit position is possible through space-borne gravity. The information obtained through the observation of satellite data is compared with the accurate gravity model in detecting the error. The utilization of EKF reduces the dependence of the ground tracking system in satellite determination. The orbital altitude and orbital position are the most important challenges faced in the satellite determination system. The satellite model using the Extended Kalman Filter is an optimum method in estimating the orbital parameters. The errors in the linearization process are detected, and this can be overcome through the proper selection of linear expansion point with the EKF algorithmic model with the Jacobian matrix calculation. The results show that the EKF implementation helps in attaining better accuracy than other methodologies. Its contribution is enormous to many space missions, autonomous rendezvous and docking for manned and unmanned missions (e.g., ISS operations and beyond, in-orbit servicing, and in-orbit refueling), routine satellite OD operations, orbital debris removal systems, Space Situational Awareness (SSA) operations, and others.
Electroacupuncture Suppresses CCI-Induced Neuropathic Pain through GABAA Receptors
Authors: Li Sisi , Jiang Xia , Wu Qiaoyun , Jin Yun , He Rong , Hu Jie , Zheng Yuyin
Published: October 2022

Neuropathic pain remains a chronic and intractable pain. Recent studies have shown a close relationship between gamma-aminobutyric acid A (GABAA) receptor and neuropathic pain. Spinal cord GABAA receptors are key modulators of pain processing. Electroacupuncture (EA) is currently used worldwide to relieve pain. The immunomodulatory effect of EA in animals has been proposed in previous studies. However, it remains unclear how EA contributes to alleviating neuropathic pain. In this study, the chronic constriction injury (CCI) rat model was used to explore the relationship between GABAA receptor and neuropathic pain. We also investigated whether EA treatment could ameliorate pain hypersensitivity by modulating the GABAA receptor. To determine the function of EA in neurological diseases, in this study, the mechanical withdrawal threshold (MWT) and thermal withdrawal latency (TWL) were assessed to determine the threshold of pain. In addition, we used Western blot, immunofluorescence, and real-time quantitative PCR to confirm whether EA treatment relieves pain hypersensitivity by regulating GABAA receptors. The morphology of synapse was examined using an electron microscope. In the present study, EA relieved mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia. EA also inhibited microglial activation in the spinal cord, accompanied by increased levels of GABAARα2, GABAARα3, and GABAARγ2 subunits. However, the analgesic effect of EA was attenuated by treatment with the GABAA receptor antagonist bicuculine. Overall, the present results indicate that microglia and GABAA receptor might participate in EA analgesia. These results contribute to our understanding of the impact of EA on rats after sciatic nerve compression, providing a theoretical basis for the clinical application of EA analgesia.
Analysis of the Influence of Back Home to Start Undertaking and Rural Revitalization Based on Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Wu Shengyan , Chang Yue , Liao Xingjiang
Published: October 2022

The strategy of rural revitalization is to take measures to deal with the big problem of rural decline, mainly from the aspects of developing rural economy, getting rid of poverty, and adjusting rural structure, and changing the traditional thinking of rural development when implementing policies. With the number and scale of rural laborer’s back home to start undertaking expanding continuously, it is more important to improve the quality of rural laborer’s back home to start undertaking. On the basis of analyzing the motivation and problems of rural laborer’s back home to start undertaking, this paper puts forward a risk identification model based on artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm and explores the development path of rural laborer’s back home to start undertaking under the background of rural revitalization. Through simulation experiments, the effectiveness and superiority of this algorithm are analyzed. The results show that the accuracy rate of venture risk assessment in this paper is 93.95%, and the error is 10.24% lower than that of the back propagation neural network (BPNN). It can be seen that this method has a significant effect in the analysis of the risk and influencing factors of rural laborer’s back home to start undertaking. The overall requirements of rural revitalization strategy for industrial prosperity will inevitably encourage and attract more rural laborer’s to back home to start undertaking, and “starting a business to help the poor” will become a new path for rural poverty alleviation and development in the future.
Using Mobile Computing to Provide a Smart and Secure Internet of Things (IoT) Framework for Medical Applications
Authors: Kaushal Rajesh Kumar , Bhardwaj Rajat , Kumar Naveen , Aljohani Abeer A. , Gupta Shashi Kant , Singh Prabhdeep , Purohit Nitin
Published: October 2022

Mobile computing and technology are becoming more common in many parts of private life and public services, and they are playing an increasingly important role in healthcare, not just for sensory devices but also for communication, recording, and display. They are used for more than only sensory devices but also for communications, recording, and display. Numerous medical indications and postoperative days must be monitored carefully. As a result, the most recent development in Internet of Things- (IoT-) based healthcare communication has been embraced. The Internet of Things (IoT), which is employed in a wide range of applications, is a catalyst for the healthcare industry. Healthcare data is complicated, making it difficult to handle and evaluate in order to derive useful information for decision-making. On the other hand, data security is a vital requirement in a healthcare data systems. Determining the need for a smart and secure IoT platform for healthcare applications, we create one in this study. Here, a cutting-edge encryption algorithm is used to protect the health data. Normalization is first used to preprocess the data and remove any irrelevant information. Using principal component analysis and logistic regression, the data’s features are extracted (LR-PCA). To choose the pertinent features, a feature selection process based on genetic algorithms is used. We have put out a brand-new kernel homomorphism. To increase the security of the IoT network, use the two-fish Encryption algorithm (KHTEA). EBSMO (exponential Boolean spider monkey optimization) is used to further boost the encryption process’ effectiveness. Utilizing the MATLAB simulation tool, the proposed system is assessed, and the metrics are contrasted with the accepted practices. Our suggested solution has been shown to be effective in protecting medical healthcare data. The effectiveness of the proposed and existing approaches is assessed using metrics for encryption time, execution time, and security level. The security precautions we suggested for healthcare data worked well.
Importance of Delayed Reperfusions in Patients With Incomplete Thrombectomy
Authors: Mujanovic Adnan , Jungi Noel , Kurmann Christoph C. , Dobrocky Tomas , Meinel Thomas R. , Almiri William , Grunder Lorenz , Beyeler Morin , Lang Matthias F. , Jung Simon , Klail Tomas , Hoffmann Angelika , Seiffge David J. , Heldner Mirjam R. , Pilgram-Pastor Sara , Mordasini Pasquale , Arnold Marcel , Piechowiak Eike I. , Gralla Jan , Fischer Urs , Kaesmacher Johannes
Published: October 2022

Background:

There is paucity of data regarding the effects of delayed reperfusion (DR) on clinical outcomes in patients with incomplete reperfusion following mechanical thrombectomy. We hypothesized that DR has a strong association with clinical outcome in patients with incomplete reperfusion after mechanical thrombectomy (expanded Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction, 2a–2c).

Methods:

Single-institution’s stroke registry retrospective analysis of patients admitted from February 2015 to December 2020. DR was defined as the absence of any perfusion delay on ≈24-hour contrast-enhanced follow-up perfusion imaging, whereas persistent perfusion deficit denotes a perfusion delay corresponding to the catheter angiographic deficit directly after the intervention. The association of perfusion outcome (DR versus persistent perfusion deficit) with the occurrence of new infarcts and 90-day functional independence (modified Rankin Scale score 0–2) was evaluated using logistic regression analyses. Comparison of predictive accuracy was evaluated by calculating area under the curve for models with and without perfusion outcome.

Results:

In 566 patients (mean age 74, 49.6% female), new infarcts in the incomplete reperfusion areas were less common in DR versus persistent perfusion deficit patients (small punctiform: 17.1% versus 25%, large confluent: 7.9% versus 63.2%;
P
=0.001). After adjustment for confounders, DR was a strong predictor of functional independence (adjusted odds ratio, 2.37 [95% CI 1.34–4.23]). There was a significant improvement in predictive accuracy of functional independence when perfusion outcome was added to expanded Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction alone (area under the curve 0.57 versus 0.62,
P
=0.01).

Conclusions:

Occurrence of DR is closely associated with tissue outcome and functional independence. DR may be an independent prognostic parameter, suggesting it as a potential outcome surrogate for medical rescue therapies.
La maison du diacre Fatḥī
Authors: Fathi Jean
Published: October 2022

Aux XVIIIe et XIXe siècles, la maison du diacre Amīršāh Fatḥī de Diyarbakır se trouvait à l’épicentre des événements concernant la communauté ancienne-syrienne d’héritage syriaque dans l’Empire ottoman, ayant un mot à dire dans l’élection des patriarches à Mardin et les tentatives d’union entre l’Église syrienne-orthodoxe d’Antioche et l’Église catholique. Les Cogias Fatḥī dérivaient leur autorité des moyens générés par leur maison de négoce, qui participait dans les années 1700 au commerce international entre la Perse, les territoires ottomans et l’Europe. Leur histoire est contée à partir d’une vingtaine d’archives en Orient et Occident.
Qannūbīn Monastery and the Religious Soundscape of the Maronites in the 16th and 17th Century
Authors: Rodriguez Suarez Alex
Published: October 2022

This article discusses the religious soundscape of the Maronites in the 16th and the 17th century as reflected in Western travel accounts that report the use of church bells at Qannūbīn Monastery in Lebanon, the residence of the Maronite patriarch. Bell ringing for religious purposes was actually forbidden in the Ottoman Empire. The Christian communities of the Levant employed a wooden instrument, the semantron, to call the faithful to service. Qannūbīn was an exception. Information provided by pilgrims and travelers sheds light on some of the reasons behind the use of bell ringing in this remote religious foundation. Moreover, I argue that the use of bells at Qannūbīn was related to the close contacts between the Maronite clergy and the Pope of Rome. The former wanted to be in communion with the Roman Church. The use of bell ringing at the patriarchal residence assisted to project a Catholic image by means of sound.
Προοικονομία in Melito
Authors: Clarke Kevin M.
Published: October 2022

Melito’s presupposition that Israel should have been able to recognize the Christ has drawn him much criticism. This essay explores the identity of Melito’s Israel and the rhetorical trope that Melito employs: censure of Israel. Melito’s understanding of the continuity between the “old” and “new” remains underexplored in the significance of its claim. Melito has a profound insight in his interpretative key for the relationship of the old covenant with respect to the new, namely that God made prior arrangements (προοικονοµία) for Christ’s sufferings in the Old Testament. Finally, the essay will examine Melito’s οἰκονοµία. In short, the προοικονοµία provides an early Christian account to describe the manner in which the mysteries of the life of Christ (οἰκονοµία) could be hidden beforehand (προ-) by God in the life and history of the people of Israel and made manifest in the Easter celebration. Melito therefore develops a truly mystagogical exegesis.
Trauma Monologue in Beckett’s Krapp’s Last Tape
Authors: He Chu
Published: October 2022

This paper gives a trauma reading of Krapp’s Last Tape. While Krapp’s inability to let go the past and his desolate lifestyle demonstrate a clear symptom of melancholia, he is unable to articulate what exactly has traumatized him nor can he mourn properly for the losses. As a result, he entombs the trauma inside of him and this hidden crypt ghosts him with obsessive or compulsive behaviors. Unaddressed trauma not only withdraws Krapp from life and others but also fragments his self into warring pieces, leaving him suffer endlessly without closure. Through Krapp’s monologue of omission, evasion, and understatement, Beckett has successfully staged a trauma via absence rather than presence.
A new Lagenandra species with two varieties from the Wet Zone of Sri Lanka
Authors: MADOLA INDRAKHEELA , YAKANDAWALA DEEPTHI , YAKANDAWALA KAPILA
Published: October 2022

Field based taxonomic revisions play an important part in unfolding new species. During such a revision of Sri Lankan members of the genus Lagenandra, we encountered a new Lagenandra species; Lagenandra peradeniyae with two infraspecific taxa; L. peradeniyae var. peradeniyae and L. peradeniyae var. speciosa. The new species with its infraspecific taxa were studied in detail and compared with the morphology of the other species described in the genus and based on field collected data conservation assessments were performed. A detailed description for the new species and the infraspecific taxa is presented and, a key for the identification of the two varieties of Lagenandra peradeniyae is given for easy identification. With the newly described species, the number of endemic members of Sri Lankan species of Lagenandra rises to twelve and global to twenty. The two recognized infraspecific taxa would be the first below species level taxa described under the genus. According to the IUCN red data category guidelines, Lagenandra peradeniyae qualifies for Critically Endangered category under Criterion B1ab (iii, v) + B2ab (iii, v) and C2 (a) (i).
Validation and lectotypification of the fern combination Whittieria engelmannii (Ophioglossaceae)
Authors: WAN XIA , ZHANG LIANG , ZHANG LI-BING
Published: October 2022

N/A
Two new species of Lepanthes (Pleurothallidinae, Orchidaceae) from the Alto de Ventanas, Colombia
Authors: VIEIRA-URIBE SEBASTIÁN , MORENO JUAN SEBASTIÁN , ESPINOSA FELIPE
Published: October 2022

Two new species of Lepanthes, L. pembertonii and L. hwangiae, from the North of the Central Cordillera of the Colombian Andes are described and illustrated. Both were found while conducting research in Alto de Ventanas natural reserves with the objective of improving knowledge of the orchid flora of the department of Antioquia, Colombia. Comparison with their morphologically relatives and taxonomical and ecological notes are given.
A new host record of Diaporthe rosae on Rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L.)
Authors: HUANRALUEK NARUEMON , PHUNYABOON WILAWAN , JAYAWARDENA RUVISHIKA S.
Published: October 2022

Rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L.) is one of the most popular tropical fruits in Thailand. There is less number of studies associated with rambutan associated fungi in Thailand. During a survey to identify fungi associated with rambutan we identified D. rosae using multi-locus phylogeny (ITS-tub2-tef1-α-cal) and morphology. In this study, we provide the first report of Diaporthe rosae associated with branches of N. lappaceum in Thailand and in the world. This study provides a new host and a distribution record of D. rosae with an aim of promoting future studies in plant pathology. Identification of potential plant pathogens can help the rambutan growers to take precautions and control the disease at an early stage.
Four new records of myxomycetes from China
Authors: SONG WEN-LONG , LIN DI , LI MIN , DU QUE , CHEN SHUANG-LIN
Published: October 2022

Four species of myxomycetes are reported from China for the first time. Cornuvia serpula and Perichaena microspora were discovered from Houhe Nature Reserve in Hubei Province. Criterium muscorum and Diderma fragile were discovered from Yaoluoping Nature Reserve in Anhui Province. Their morphological features are described and illustrated by light microscope and scanning electron microscope. These specimens are deposited in Herbarium of Fungi of Nanjing Normal University (HFNNU).
New combination and typifications of names of Caribbean species of Myrcia sect. Calyptranthes (Myrtaceae)
Authors: ALVARENGA BRAGA JOÃO MARCELO , FERNANDES THIAGO , C. St. E. CAMPBELL KERON , PRADO JEFFERSON , J. LUCAS EVE
Published: October 2022

A new combination is presented in Myrcia, and the names Calyptranthes rigida Swartz and Calyptranthes fawcettii Krug & Urban are typified.
The identity of Cromapanax and lectotypification of C. lobatus (Araliaceae)
Authors: DENG YUNFEI , TONG YI
Published: October 2022

The herbarium sheet cited as the holotype of Cromapanax lobatus (Araliaceae) contains two distinct elements belonging to two different families. The vegetative part is identical with Clerodendrum hastatum of Lamiaceae and the fruiting part is Macropanax undulatus of Araliaceae. The fruiting part, one of these elements, is designated as the lectotype for the name Cromapanax lobatus.
Phyllanthus longipetiolatus (Phyllanthaceae), a new species from São Paulo State, Brazil
Authors: TORRES ALÍCIA MARQUES , SILVA MARCOS JOSÉ DA
Published: October 2022

During a taxonomic revision of Phyllanthus sect. Phyllanthus subsect. Phyllanthus, a new species was found and is being described and illustrated here. Phyllanthus longipetiolatus, known from the state of São Paulo (Brazil), belongs to the previously mentioned section and is morphologically similar to P. niruri. However, the new species differs from the latter by its leaves with long petioles (1.4–1.9 mm long), staminate inflorescences in cincinni, staminate and pistillate flowers with long pedicels (3.8–4 mm long and 6.7–8 mm long, respectively), staminate disk and smooth seeds. Its distribution, habitat, phenology, and informal conservation status are presented.
Begonia tuanii (sect. Platycentrum, Begoniaceae), a new species from Lao Cai Province, North Vietnam
Authors: HOANG THANH SON , LIN CHE-WEI
Published: October 2022

Begonia tuanii from Lao Cai Province of Vietnam is described and illustrated. The habit of B. tuanii is mostly similar with B. fordii, but it can be distinguished by its bracts glabrous (vs. pilose) abaxial surface, larger outer tepals of staminate flower by 25–40 × 24–35 mm (vs. 6–8 × 5–77 mm) that are whole glabrous (vs. abaxially hairy), inner ones 20–35 × 10–20 mm (vs. 5.6–7.5 × 3–4 mm) and glabrous (vs. pilose) ovary. Referring to the IUCN of Nature criteria, B. tuanii is proposed to be Endangered (EN D).
1. Islam and Muslims in the State of Indonesia
Authors: Lukman Fadhli
Published: October 2022

The first chapter sets the stage for our understanding of Al-Qur'an dan Terjemahnya by providing a brief overview of Islam and Muslims in the State of Indonesia. The chapter goes into detail about three of the most important aspects of Islam in the country. The first segment attempts to explain the region's Islamization by focusing on why Muslims in the country adhere to Sunnism. (A discussion of Ahmadiyya is required in this context for a specific reason.) Secondly, this chapter deals with the religious movements that have been deeply affected by the division of modernist and traditionalist tendencies through the introduction of two of the country's most important Muslim organizations, the Muhammadiyah and Nahdlatul Ulama. The third line of inquiry is concerned with the state’s governing of religion, particularly Islam. The discussion expands on the issue of the state's relationship with Islam, focusing on Pancasila, Indonesia's state ideology, and the Ministry of Religious Affairs.
Venom ophthalmia (keratoconjunctivitis) caused by nuchal gland secretion of Rhabdophis tigrinus: case report
Authors: Matsuura Kazuki , Inoue Yoshitsugu
Published: October 2022

Rhabdophis tigrinus (R. tigrinus) is a common colubrid snake that possesses a series of paired sac-like nuchal glands behind the head. When pressure is applied to the nuchal area, the thin skin over the nuchal glands can rupture and release secretions. In Japan, 19 cases of ophthalmia caused by the nuchal gland secretion of R. tigrinus have been reported. However, only one case has been documented in an English report. A 72-year old woman was sprayed by the nuchal gland fluid of R. tigrinus in her right eye. She presented with symptoms of eye pain and blurred vision. A slit-lamp examination revealed diffuse superficial keratitis, corneal stromal edema with Descemet membrane folds, and conjunctival injection. The best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of her right eye was 0.6. She was prescribed 0.5% moxifloxacin and 0.1% fluorometholone eye drops four times a day, and the symptoms resolved without sequelae within 5 days. The BCVA in the right eye improved to 1.0. In previous reports, ophthalmic examinations revealed conjunctivitis, keratitis, and corneal edema with Descemet membrane folds. Topical antibiotics and corticosteroid were prescribed in most cases, and eyes healed within 5-7 days without any sequelae. While corneal edema may resolve spontaneously in a few days when inhibition of the toxin has ceased, the use of topical steroids is recommended, as it can increase the activity of Na/K pumps that remained functional, thereby accelerating recovery. In fact, our patient used a topical steroid and recovered without sequelae.
Network analysis for estimating standardization trends in genomics using MEDLINE
Authors: Bae Eun Bit , Nam Sejin , Lee Sungin , Ahn Sun-Ju
Published: October 2022

Background

Biotechnology in genomics, such as sequencing devices and gene quantification software, has proliferated and been applied to clinical settings. However, the lack of standards applicable to it poses practical problems in interoperability and reusability of the technology across various application domains. This study aims to visualize and identify the standard trends in clinical genomics and to suggest areas on which standardization efforts must focus.

Methods

Of 16,538 articles retrieved from PubMed, published from 1975 to 2020, using search keywords “genomics and standard” and “clinical genomic sequence and standard”, terms were extracted from the abstracts and titles of 15,855 articles. Our analysis includes (1) network analysis of full phases (2) period analysis with five phases; (3) statistical analysis; (4) content analysis.

Results

Our research trend showed an increasing trend from 2003, years marked by the completion of the human genome project (2003). The content analysis showed that keywords related to such concepts as gene types for analysis, and analysis techniques were increased in phase 3 when US-FDA first approved the next-generation sequencer. During 2017–2019, oncology-relevant terms were clustered and contributed to the increasing trend in phase 4 of the content analysis. In the statistical analysis, all the categories showed high regression values (R2 > 0.586) throughout the whole analysis period and phase-based statistical analysis showed significance only in the Genetics terminology category (P = .039*) at phase 4.

Conclusions

Through comprehensive trend analysis from our study, we provided the trend shifts and high-demand items in standardization for clinical genetics.
A non-randomised feasibility study of the Rehabilitation Potential Assessment Tool (RePAT) in frail older people in the acute healthcare setting
Authors: Cowley Alison , Goldberg Sarah E. , Gordon Adam L. , Logan Pip A.
Published: October 2022

Background

Rehabilitation potential involves predicting who will benefit from rehabilitation. Decisions about rehabilitation potential must take into account personal, clinical and contextual factors, a process which is complicated in the presence of acute ill-health and frailty. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of the Rehabilitation Potential Assessment Tool (RePAT) – a 15 item holistic, person-centred assessment tool and training package – in the acute hospital setting.

Methods

A non-randomised feasibility study with nested semi-structured interviews explored whether RePAT was feasible and acceptable. Feasibility was tested by recruiting physiotherapy and occupational therapy participants delivering the RePAT intervention to patients alongside usual clinical care. Acceptability was tested by conducting semi-structured interviews with staff, patient and carer participants. Staff and patient characteristics were analysed using descriptive statistics. Interview data were analysed thematically. Fidelity of completed RePAT items was assessed against a priori criteria on how closely they matched tool guidance by two researchers. Mean values of the two scores were calculated. RePAT content was analysed and supported with verbatim quotes.

Results

Six staff participants were recruited and trained. They assessed 26 patient participants using RePAT. Mean (SD) patient age was 86.16 (±6.39) years. 32% were vulnerable or mildly frail, 42% moderately frail and 26% severely or very severely frail using the Clinical Frailty Scale. Mean (SD) time to complete RePAT was 32.7 (±9.6) minutes. RePAT fidelity was good where 13 out of 15 items achieved a priori fidelity. RePAT was acceptable and tolerated by staff and patients. Staff participants reported RePAT enabled them to consider rehabilitation decisions in a more structured and consistent way. Patients and carer participants, although unable to comment directly on RePAT, reported being satisfied with their rehabilitation assessments which were found to embrace a person-centred approach.

Conclusions

RePAT was found to be acceptable and feasible by staff, carers and patients. It allowed clinicians to make explicit their reasoning behind rehabilitation assessments and encouraged them to become more cognisant of factors which affected their clinical decision-making.

Trial registration

ID ISRCTN31938453. Registered 05/10/2021.
Infant behavioral state and stool microbiome in infants receiving Lactocaseibacillus rhamnosus GG in formula: randomized controlled trial
Authors: Shulman Robert J. , Chichlowski Maciej , Orozco Fabiola Gutierrez , Harris Cheryl L. , Wampler Jennifer L. , Bokulich Nicholas A. , Berseth Carol Lynn
Published: October 2022

Background

Our aim was to evaluate infant behavioral state, stool microbiome profile and calprotectin in infants with infantile colic receiving a partially hydrolyzed protein formula with or without added Lacticaseibacillus (formerly Lactobacillus) rhamnosus GG (LGG).

Methods

In this single-center, double-blind, controlled, parallel, prospective study, term infants (14–28 days of age) identified with colic (using modified Wessel’s criteria: cried and/or fussed ≥ 3 h/day for ≥ 3 days/week, in a one-week period) were randomized to receive one of two formulas over a three-week feeding period: marketed partially hydrolyzed cow’s milk-based infant formula (PHF, n = 35) or a similar formula with added LGG (PHF-LGG, n = 36). Parent-reported infant behavior was recorded at three time points (Study Days 2–4, 10–12, and 18–20). Duration (hours/day) of crying/fussing (averaged over each three-day period) was the primary outcome. Stool samples were collected at Baseline and Study End (Days 19–21) to determine stool LGG colonization (by qPCR) and microbial abundance (using 16S rRNA gene sequencing) and calprotectin (μg/g).

Results

Duration of crying/fussing (mean ± SE) decreased and awake/content behavior increased over time with no significant group differences over the course of the study. There were no group differences in the percentage of infants who experienced colic by study end. Colic decreased by Study End vs Baseline in both groups. Change in fecal calprotectin also was similar between groups. Comparing Study End vs Baseline, LGG abundance was greater in the PHF-LGG group (P < 0.001) whereas alpha diversity was greater in the PHF group (P = 0.022). Beta diversity was significantly different between PHF and PHF-LGG at Study End (P = 0.05). By study end, relative abundance of L. rhamnosus was higher in the PHF-LGG vs PHF group and vs Baseline.

Conclusions

In this pilot study of infants with colic, both study formulas were well tolerated. Crying/fussing decreased and awake/content behavior increased in both study groups over the course of the study. Study results demonstrate a successful introduction of the probiotic to the microbiome. The partially hydrolyzed protein formula with added LGG was associated with significant changes in the gut microbiome.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov, ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02340143. Registered 16/01/2015.
LINC00467: an oncogenic long noncoding RNA
Authors: Chen Xuyu , Luo Qian , Xiao Yanan , Zhu Jing , Zhang Yirao , Ding Jie , Li Juan
Published: October 2022

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been found to play essential roles in the cell proliferation, fission and differentiation, involving various processes in humans. Recently, there is more and more interest in exploring the relationship between lncRNAs and tumors. Many latest evidences revealed that LINC00467, an oncogenic lncRNA, is highly expressed in lung cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, breast cancer, glioblastoma, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, osteosarcoma, and other malignant tumors. Besides, LINC00467 expression was linked with proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis via the regulation of target genes and multiple potential pathways. We reviewed the existing data on the expression, downstream targets, molecular mechanisms, functions, relevant signaling pathways, and clinical implications of LINC00467 in various cancers. LINC00467 may serve as a novel biomarker or therapeutic target for the diagnosis and prognosis of various human tumors.
Evidence for Professional Conceptualization in Science as an Important Component of Science Identity
Authors: Huffmyer Ariana S. , O’Neill Tara , Lemus Judith D.
Published: October 2022

Science identity development is critical for persistence in STEM. An examination of the experiences of five women in science found that participation in research influenced performance/competence beliefs and exploration of research interests. Conceptualization of self as a science professional was identified as an important component of science identity.
Aquatic Board Sport Injuries: A Literature Review
Authors: Hasenkamp Eric , McGahee Jonathan , Richter Madeline , Lu Myro
Published: October 2022

Aquatic board sports, particularly traditional surfing, kitesurfing, skimboarding, stand-up paddleboarding, and foil surfing, are growing in popularity. Increased participation has revealed similar injury types, mechanisms, and unique patterns related to the individual board sports. Practitioners who live near aquatic environments should familiarize themselves with these injury patterns to provide high-quality care and prevention for participating individuals. This article will examine the current literature for each aquatic board sport and summarize specific injury-type data to provide better guidance to clinicians.
Sports Medicine Health Care Access in Michigan High Schools: Access to Athletic Trainers
Authors: Moeller James L. , Ciecko John
Published: October 2022

Disparities in access to health care services may lead to poor health outcomes. Health care encounters in the adolescent age group are often due to sport participation. The presence of an athletic trainer in high schools can improve health outcomes in adolescent athletes, but not all student-athletes have access to an athletic trainer. In the state of Michigan, many high schools do not provide athletic trainer access to their student athletes. Our aim was to determine factors associated with the presence or absence of athletic trainer access in Michigan high schools. Disparities are associated with student body population, student-athlete population, and average household income in the zip code in which the school is located.
Γνώσεις, στάσεις και συμπεριφορές του ελληνικού πληθυσμού και των επαγγελματιών υγείας απέναντι στον εμβολιασμό ενηλίκων
Authors: Καλατζή Παναγιώτα
Published: October 2022

Εισαγωγή: Τα εμβόλια σώζουν πάνω από 6 εκατομμύρια ζωές ετησίως αποτρέποντας θανάτους από πολλά μεταδιδόμενα νοσήματα. Ωστόσο, η εμβολιαστική κάλυψη των ενηλίκων παραμένει χαμηλή. Οι γνώσεις, οι στάσεις και οι πεποιθήσεις των ατόμων γύρω από την αναγκαιότητα, την αποτελεσματικότητά και την ασφάλεια του εμβολιασμού, αποτελούν ισχυρό προγνωστικό δείκτη της εμβολιαστικής τους συμπεριφοράς. Η σύσταση εμβολιασμού από τους επαγγελματίες υγείας (ΕΥ) κινητοποιεί τα άτομα υπέρ αυτού, αυξάνοντας την πιθανότητα ανοσοποίησής τους. Σκοπός: Ο προσδιορισμός και η διερεύνηση της σχέσης μεταξύ των γνώσεων, των στάσεων των πεποιθήσεων και της συμπεριφοράς του γενικού πληθυσμού και των ΕΥ απέναντι στον εμβολιασμό (για γρίπη, τέτανο- διφθερίτιδα, πνευμονιοκοκκική πνευμονία και έρπητα ζωστήρα) και η κατανόηση του πώς αυτές επιδρούν στην ανοσοποίηση των ενηλίκων και στη συμμόρφωση των ΕΥ με τις εθνικές συστάσεις εμβολιασμού (ΕΣΕ). Υλικό και Μέθοδος: Η ερευνητική μεθοδολογία μικτών μεθόδων, επεξηγηματικής διαδοχικής σχεδίασης επιλέχθηκε, όπου ποσοτικά δεδομένα συλλέχθηκαν μέσω διανομής ερωτηματολογίων στον γενικό πληθυσμό και στους ΕΥ που ασχολούνται με τον εμβολιασμό των ενηλίκων. Ακολούθως, τα δεδομένα που προέκυψαν, ενημέρωσαν τον σχεδιασμό του ποιοτικού σκέλους (ημιδομημένες προσωπικές συνεντεύξεις εις βάθος). Περιγραφική ανάλυση και ανάλυση παλινδρόμησης πραγματοποιήθηκε για τα ποσοτικά και θεματική ανάλυση για τα ποιοτικά δεδομένα. Αποτελέσματα: Δεδομένα 1500 ατόμων από τον γενικό πληθυσμό και 748 από ΕΥ συμπεριλήφθησαν στην ποσοτική ανάλυση. Όσοι είχαν εμβολιαστεί για ένα ή περισσότερα εκ των εξεταζόμενων νοσήματα, είχαν θετική στάση για τον εμβολιασμό, είχαν ενημερωθεί από κάποιο ΕΥ, γνώριζαν τα εμβόλια που πρέπει να κάνουν και σημείωσαν χαμηλότερο σκορ λανθασμένων πεποιθήσεων (p<0,001). Η θετική στάση των ΕΥ απέναντι στην ανοσοποίηση των ενηλίκων σχετίστηκε με λιγότερα αντιλαμβανόμενα εμπόδια, περισσότερα μέτρα προώθησης και υψηλότερη συμμόρφωση με τις ΕΣΕ (p<0,001). Η ακόλουθη ποιοτική ανάλυση αποκάλυψε τέσσερις κεντρικούς άξονες οι οποίοι αποτελούν τους βασικούς λόγους διαμόρφωσης της υφιστάμενης κατάστασης και σχετίζονται με 1) χαρακτηριστικά των ΕΥ, 2) του πληθυσμού, 3) της κλινικής πρακτικής και 4) του εξωτερικού περιβάλλοντος.Συμπεράσματα: Οι ενήλικες θα πρέπει να κατανοήσουν ότι η πιθανότητα εμφάνισης λοίμωξης και επιπλοκών είναι μεγάλη, ότι τα μεταδοτικά νοσήματα αποτελούν σημαντικές απειλές για την υγεία και ότι ο εμβολιασμός συνιστά το καλύτερο μέσο πρόληψης. Η αύξηση της συμμόρφωσης των ΕΥ με τις ΕΣΕ αναμένεται να συμβάλλει στην αύξηση της δεκτικότητας ανοσοποίησης του πληθυσμού και κατά συνέπεια στην αύξηση της εμβολιαστικής κάλυψης των ενηλίκων στην Ελλάδα.
Απόψεις και στάσεις για φαινόμενα ανομίας στα Πανεπιστήμια
Authors: Τσιροβασίλης Ευάγγελος
Published: October 2022

Σκοπός της παρούσας διατριβής είναι η κατανόηση του κοινωνικού φαινομένου της ανομίας μέσα από την καταγραφή και την αντιπαραβολή των απόψεων και στάσεων δύο φοιτητικών πληθυσμών, από την Ελλάδα και την Τουρκία. Ως «ανομία» ορίζεται η κατάσταση έλλειψης ή ασάφειας των κανόνων που ρυθμίζουν την κοινωνική συμπεριφορά των ατόμων. Η ανομία οφείλεται κυρίως στην αμφισβήτηση ή την απόρριψη των κοινωνικών αξιών, σε δυσλειτουργίες των θεσμών, και στη διάρρηξη των κοινωνικών δεσμών και των κοινωνικών σχέσεων. Τα φαινόμενα ανομίας παρουσιάζονται σε περιόδους κρίσεων, βίαιων μεταβολών και ρευστότητας και προκαλούν αισθήματα αβεβαιότητας, σύγχυσης και ανασφάλειας στα άτομα, ενώ παράλληλα αποτελούν γενεσιουργό αιτία παρεκκλινουσών αντιδράσεων. Τα ερευνητικά ερωτήματα της παρούσας εργασίας εστιάζουν στις στάσεις και τις αντιλήψεις των Ελλήνων και των Τούρκων φοιτητών απέναντι: i) στις κοινωνικές αξίες, ii) στη λειτουργία των θεσμών και φορέων, iii) στη λειτουργία του εκπαιδευτικού συστήματος και των Πανεπιστημίων, iv) στις κοινωνικές δεσμεύσεις και τις κοινωνικές τους σχέσεις. Η συγκριτική διάσταση της έρευνας επιτρέπει να εντοπιστούν ομοιότητες και διαφορές, καθώς και ισχυρά και αδύναμα σημεία της ελληνικής και της τουρκικής κοινωνίας από την οπτική των νέων φοιτητών. Η έρευνα πραγματοποιήθηκε στους φοιτητές του Ege Üniversitesi (Σμύρνη) και του Παντείου Πανεπιστημίου (Αθήνα), μεταξύ Φεβρουαρίου και Μαρτίου 2011. Το συνολικό δείγμα της έρευνας ήταν 400 φοιτητές (δηλαδή 200 από κάθε ίδρυμα) και η επιλογή τους έγινε με τη μέθοδο των ποσοστώσεων (quota sampling) ως προς το φύλο και το τμήμα φοίτησης. Η συλλογή των δεδομένων έγινε με τη χρήση δομημένου ερωτηματολογίου και η ανάλυσή τους με το στατιστικό πακέτο SPSS v.23. Από τα αποτελέσματα της έρευνας προέκυψε ότι οι φοιτητές των δύο χωρών εντοπίζουν φαινόμενα ανομίας κυρίως σε θεσμικό επίπεδο· εύρημα που θα μπορούσε να αξιοποιηθεί από τους αρμόδιους φορείς πολιτικού σχεδιασμού για να προωθήσουν βελτιωτικές παρεμβάσεις στην ελληνική και την τουρκική κοινωνία, οι οποίες θα ανακούφιζαν τα άτομα από την κοινωνική πίεση και θα επέτρεπαν στους νέους να αισθάνονται μεγαλύτερη σιγουριά και ασφάλεια για το μέλλον τους.
Constraint programming
Authors: Ποθητός Νικόλαος
Published: October 2022

Ο Προγραμματισμός με Περιορισμούς (Constraint Programming) αποσκοπεί στην εύκολη διατύπωση και γρήγορη επίλυση των λεγόμενων Προβλημάτων Ικανοποίησης Περιορισμών (Constraint Satisfaction Problems – CSPs) όπως η κατάστρωση ωρολογίων προγραμμάτων, η ανάθεση συχνοτήτων σε ραδιοφωνικούς σταθμούς χωρίς παρεμβολές μεταξύ τους κ.ά. Για την επίλυση των προβλημάτων, ο Προγραμματισμός με Περιορισμούς βασίζεται στις μεθόδους αναζήτησης (search methods) και στη διάδοση περιορισμών (constraint propagation). Η διατριβή αυτή συνεισφέρει και στους δύο αυτούς πυλώνες. Πιο συγκεκριμένα: (i) Αναπτύσσουμε καινούργιες μεθόδους αναζήτησης που βασίζονται σε καινοτόμους ευρετικούς κανόνες. Οι κανόνες αυτοί υλοποιούν τη βαθμιαία τυχαιοποίηση των ντετερμινιστικών ευρετικών κανόνων. Δημιουργούμε ένα υβρίδιο με στόχο την εκμετάλλευση των πλεονεκτημάτων τόσο των ντετερμινιστικών όσο και των τυχαίων ευρετικών κανόνων. (ii) Αξιοποιούμε το πλαίσιο MapReduce προκειμένου να επιταχύνουμε και να κατανείμουμε την αναζήτηση λύσης ενός Προβλήματος Ικανοποίησης Περιορισμών σε όλους τους επιλυτές-εργάτες που τυχαίνει να έχουμε στη διάθεσή μας. (iii) Αναδεικνύουμε τα πλεονεκτήματα των χαλαρών επιπέδων διάδοσης περιορισμών, όπως η συνέπεια ορίων (bounds consistency) έναντι υψηλότερων επιπέδων όπως η συνέπεια ακμών (arc consistency). Προτείνουμε καινούργιες μορφές χαλαρών επιπέδων διάδοσης περιορισμών και συγκρίνουμε την απόδοσή τους σε σχέση με τα υψηλότερα επίπεδα διάδοσης περιορισμών, τόσο θεωρητικά όσο και πρακτικά. Απαντάμε στην ερώτηση για το πότε συμφέρει να χρησιμοποιούμε χαλαρά επίπεδα διάδοσης περιορισμών. Οι συνεισφορές μας δοκιμάστηκαν ως επί το πλείστον σε Προβλήματα Ικανοποίησης Περιορισμών από τον πραγματικό κόσμο, αλλά και σε μια ευρύτερη γκάμα προβλημάτων που χρησιμοποιούνται σε επίσημους διαγωνισμούς επιλυτών Προγραμματισμού με Περιορισμούς. Ένας τέτοιος πρακτικός επιλυτής ανοικτού κώδικα είναι ο Naxos Solver που χρησιμοποιήσαμε ως το πεδίο εφαρμογής των πειραμάτων.
Crop field monitoring and damage assessment with unmanned aircraft systems and machine learning
Authors: Βλαχόπουλος Οδυσσέας
Published: October 2022

Ο σκοπός αυτής της διατριβής είναι να εξετάσει και να αναπτύξει νέους αλγόριθμους Μηχανικής Μάθησης (ΜΜ) για παρακολούθηση αγροτεμαχίων και εκτίμηση ζημιών χρησιμοποιώντας συστήματα μη επανδρωμένων αεροσκαφών (ΣμηΕΑ) εξοπλισμένα με τον πολυφασματικό οπτικό αισθητήρα MicaSense RedEdge για γεωργία ακριβείας και αγροτικές ασφαλίσεις. Τα χωράφια των καλλιεργειών προετοιμάστηκαν ή φυτεύτηκαν με καλλιέργειες κριθαριού, καλαμποκιού, πατάτας, βρώμης και σόγιας. Οι πολυφασματικές εικόνες από το ΣμηΕΑ διορθώθηκαν ραδιομετρικά και δημιουργήθηκαν ορθομωσαϊκά. Τα ορθομωσαϊκά πολυφασματικής ανάκλασης από κάθε πεδίο που ερευνήθηκε χρησιμοποιήθηκαν ως χαρακτηριστικά εισόδου σε διάφορους αλγόριθμους μαζί με τους σχετικούς χάρτες δεικτών βλάστησης.Πρώτον, οι περιοχές και τα όρια αγροτεμαχίων οριοθετήθηκαν σε πολλαπλά πεδία γυμνού εδάφους με τους δύο ακόλουθους αγωγούς ΜΜ: Επιβλεπόμενη ταξινόμηση εικονοστοιχείων με τυχαία δάση (ΤΔ) και μια διαδικασία ομαδοποίησης χωρίς επίβλεψη χρησιμοποιώντας τον αλγόριθμο Μέσης Μετατόπισης. Η διαδικασία διανυσματικής διαμόρφωσης των χαρτών που προέκυψαν οδήγησε σε μέσο Δείκτη Ικανοποιητικής Εφαρμογής Περιοχής (ΔΙΕΠ) μεγαλύτερο από 99% και μέσο όρο Σφάλματος Μέσου Όρου Θέσης (ΣΜΟΘ) χαμηλότερο από 0,6μ, υποδεικνύοντας ότι και οι δύο αλγόριθμοι ΜΜ είναι εξαιρετικοί.Δεύτερον, ερευνήθηκαν πλήρως φυτεμένα χωράφια με κριθάρι, καλαμπόκι και βρώμη προκειμένου να οριοθετηθούν οι περιοχές καλλιέργειας και τα όρια χρησιμοποιώντας Ανάλυση Εικόνας Βάσει Εικονοστοιχείων (ΑΕΒΕ) και Ανάλυση Εικόνας Βάσει Γεωγραφικών Αντικειμένων (ΑΕΒΓΑ) με τον ταξινομητή ΤΔ. Και οι δύο μεθοδολογίες ήταν εξαιρετικά επιτυχημένες, με μέσο ΔΙΕΠ μεγαλύτερο από 98% και μέσο ΣΜΟΘ χαμηλότερο από 0,8μ.Τρίτον, οι ζημιές στα χωράφια της κριθής χαρτογραφήθηκαν από δύο έρευνες ΣμηΕΑ. Χρησιμοποιήθηκε ένα μοντέλο ΤΔ για να ταξινομηθεί το κριθάρι που έχει τοποθετηθεί και το όρθιο με συνολική ακρίβεια επικύρωσης 99,7%. Ο μέσος όρος ΔΙΕΠ ήταν 97,95%, και ο μέσος όρος ΣΜΟΘ ήταν 0,235μ.Τέλος, η κατάσταση της υγείας των καλλιεργειών αξιολογήθηκε μέσω του Δείκτη Πράσινης Περιοχής (ΔΠΠ) για τα χωράφια με κριθάρι και βρώμη. Χρησιμοποιήθηκαν αλγόριθμοι παλινδρόμησης πολλαπλών γραμμικών μοντέλων, μηχανών υποστήριξης διανυσμάτων, ραδιοσυχνοτήτων και τεχνητών νευρωνικών δικτύων για την παραγωγή χαρτών του ΔΠΠ των πεδίων, με τον ΤΔ να έχει την καλύτερη απόδοση για την πρόβλεψη ΔΠΠ. Οι χάρτες ΔΠΠ και ο χώρος χαρακτηριστικών παλινδρόμησης χρησιμοποιήθηκαν με έναν ταξινομητή ΤΔ για τη δημιουργία χαρτών κατάστασης υγείας των καλλιεργειών με μέση συνολική ακρίβεια 94%.
Double Guardianship and Hellenistic Monarchy: Protecting the Person of Infant Kings
Authors: Filias Dionysios
Published: October 2022

This article aims to present the institution of double guardianship of infant kings by pointing to the connection between appointment of more than one guardian and protection and upbringing of young monarchs. Multiple guardianship was an established practice in the setting of Greek poleis, which aimed at the protection of the ward’s person from untrustworthy guardians. In a royal context this institution emerged as a solution to the problems concerning Alexander’s succession after 323 BC. Nevertheless, there is a possibility that it was already known in Classical Macedonia in relation to the role of royal women, who acted as protectors of their children along with men who were appointed as regents. During the Hellenistic era double guardianship became very popular in the Ptolemaic kingdom. There it is connected with the loss of the queen mother, who could exercise guardianship for her royal son. Tutorship and guardianship were sometimes combined into one person, something that led influential tutors of young rulers to become the true administrators of the kingdom.
Ἔθνη Θρᾳκῶν στὴ Θράκη τοῦ Αἰγαίου κατὰ τοὺς ἑλληνιστικοὺς καὶ ρωμαϊκοὺς χρόνους I. Κορπίλοι καὶ Κορπιλική
Authors: Παρισάκη Μαρία-Γαβριέλλα
Published: October 2022

Of two articles devoted to the Thracian tribes attested in Aegean Thrace during the Hellenistic and Roman periods, the first, published here, focuses on the tribe of the Corpiloi (the second article, under the title ‘Ἔθνη Θρᾳκῶν στὴ Θράκη τοῦ Αἰγαίου κατὰ τοὺς ἑλληνιστικοὺς καὶ ρωμαϊκοὺς χρόνους, ΙΙ. Σαπαῖοι καὶ Σαπαϊκή’, devoted to the Sapaioi, will be published in the following volume of Τεκμήρια). The relevant testimonia, exclusively literary, range from the first century BC ‒or the beginning of the second century BC, for those who accept the emendation Coreli-Corpili in the text of Livy‒ to the beginning of the second century AD. They consist of short references in Strabo, Pliny the Elder, and Solinus, a reference to the στενὰ τῶν Κορπίλων by Appian in conjunction with the battle of Philippi in 42 BC, as well as a reference to a Κορπιλικὴ στρατηγία in Claudius Ptolemy. The present article tries to define Corpiloi’s localization, suggesting the lower course of the Hebrus river, mainly to the west but also, possibly, to the east of the river, up to the north of Ainos. In view of their relatively short emergence in ancient sources, the article also addresses the question of Corpiloi’s relation to the region’s major tribes, namely the Odrysai and the Sapaioi. Finally, a brief and preliminary overview of the region’s archaeological map indicates integration into the region’s wider cultural sphere.
Zeus Hypsistos en Macédoine : la dynamique sociale d’un culte « nouveau » dans le contexte socio-culturel de l’Empire
Authors: Rizakis Athanase D.
Published: October 2022

The cult of Zeus Hypsistos seems to have emerged first in Macedonia and then to have spread to the other eastern provinces of the Roman Empire. Indeed, it is in western and central Macedonia, the heart of the ancient kingdom, that we find a large number of sanctuaries devoted to Zeus Hypsistos, together with offerings and votive dedications of various types, some of which date back to the second century BCE. This cult is quite distinct from that of Theos Hypsistos, which –with the exception of the cosmopolitan city of Thessalonike– is effectively absent from Macedonia. It is to be noted that in Macedonia Zeus Hypsistos retained the traditional iconographic elements of Zeus Olympios and was represented either anthropomorphically, in a sacrificial pose, or through his symbols (eagle, bull). Nevertheless, the two cults were not identical. Zeus Hypsistos was not a substitute for the patron god of the Macedonian royal house, which had been suppressed by Rome, nor did he represent a metamorphosis of the ancient divinity, associated with novel religious practices. It is clear that the new cult maintained the Zeus tradition but combined this with new elements and features, which gradually lent a different profile and character to the cult of Zeus Hypsistos, adapted to the religious and cultural context of the Roman Empire.