bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Understanding the Meaning of the Blockade: New Methods for Studying Blockade Everyday Life
Authors:   European University at St. Petersburg, Lomagin N. A. ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: January 2024

The book by Jeffrey Hass Wartime Suffering and Survival is the result of his many years of work in the archives of St. Petersburg in order to comprehend the phenomenon of the blockade of Leningrad as one of the largest humanitarian tragedies of the twentieth century. Such a broad view of the history of the blockade is highly expected from a sociologist who offered his own view of Bolshevism as a civilization during the war. The book by J. Hass contains a lot of hidden and open polemics about the essence of Stalinism (the author prefers to talk about Bolshevism), about the war and the blockade with major American and Russian historians, including M. Foucault’s student S. Kotkin, as well as W. Goldman, A. Perry and S. V. Yarov. Knowing perfectly the historiography of the blockade and being the permanent organizer of discussions on the history of the blockade at the annual conferences of the Association for Slavic, East European, and Eurasian Studies for almost twenty years, J. Hass invariably raises major questions that allow one to see not only the special, but also the general, characteristic of developed societies caught in an emergency situation for such a long time. Based on diaries, memoirs, interviews, law enforcement reports and other official sources, this book tells about the life of ordinary Leningraders in conditions of war, famine and extreme uncertainty. Relations between people and the reduction of social distance become especially important in conditions when the state and its institutions begin to falter. The opportunistic behavior of some (including corruption in the trading system and crime), as well as the growing sense of hopelessness in the autumn of 1941 and in the hardest months of the first blockade winter, were balanced to some extent by mutual assistance and simple human relations of the majority of the townspeople.
Making Sense of Suffering, Soviet Politics, and the Human Condition
Authors:   University of Richmond, Hass J. K. ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: January 2024

Providing the answers to the remarks of the roundtable, author also discusses the nature of power and governance in times of crisis, using the Blockade as an example of resilience in the face of extreme duress. The author suggests that studying how institutions function in moments of crisis can help us better understand how and why they persist. The article calls for the use of frameworks from theorists such as Foucault and Bourdieu to explore these issues. The author also discusses the concept of resilience, suggesting that it is facilitated when elites allow for greater autonomy in material fields while maintaining symbolic limits. The author argues that studying the Blockade can provide important lessons for dealing with crises such as climate change and pandemics. The Blockade of Leningrad was a significant historical event, not only in its own right, and not only in the context of Soviet/Russia history. The Blockade is a story of human suffering and survival, innovation and resistance. It is our story and has lessons for us, across space and time. Area scholars in whatever discipline are obliged to learn from scholars of other places and topics so as to gain tools to make sense of what happened in the Blockade; but those other others are obliged to learn about the Blockade to learn not only more empirical data, but also new explanations that will enrich their accounts of human practices and the human condition.
“Only in You I Found Support in the Implementation of the Highest Idea”: Correspondence between the Organizer of the First Popular Class of Military Drill Service and Gymnastics A. A. Lutskevich and Minister of War V. A. Sukhomlinov
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Tverdyukova E. D.
Published: January 2024

The article is devoted to the activities of the inspector of public schools of the Bakhmut district Antiokh Andreyevich Lutskevich, whose name in historiography is associated with the emergence of detachments of the military drill service and gymnastics (the so-called “poteshnye”) in the Russian Empire at the beginning of the 20th century. The study, prepared on the materials of the Russian State Military Historical Archive, the State Archive of the Russian Federation, the Russian State Historical Archive, in which A. A. Lutskevich’s correspondence with War Minister V. A. Sukhomlinov was postponed, presents a new look at the personality of the “pioneer” of the “poteshnye” movement. Information about the creation of the first popular class of construction and gymnastics, brought by Lutskevich through the mediation of Sukhomlinov to Emperor Nicholas II, was the starting point for developing a program for the physical development of Russian youth, and at the same time the reason for aggravating interdepartmental disagreements. The actions of an official who served in the Ministry of Education, committed bypassing the immediate superiors, make it possible to characterize his activities as a person who is not devoid of career ambitions, using patriotic rhetoric trying to achieve status privileges through the Highest Disposition.
The use of BRAF-inhibitors as monotherapy and in combination with cytosine arabinoside and 2-chloro-2’deoxyadenosine in pediatric patients with different forms of Langerhans cell histiocytosis
Authors: Burtsev E. A. , Evseev D. A. , Gaziev I. R. , Lebedeva L. L. , Skobeev D. A. , Osipova D. S. , Bronin G. O. , Maschan M. A.
Published: January 2024

Background. Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare disease that occurs due to abnormal proliferation and expansion of myeloid precursors. The occurrence of mutations in genes that encode key kinases of MAPK-signaling pathway leads to its pathological activation and has been shown the cause of disease. Mutations in BRAF and MAP2K1 genes are the most frequent among LCH patients. The effectiveness of BRAF-inhibitors in LCH patients has been shown in numerous studies.

The purpose of the study – analyze the experience of BRAF-inhibitor vemurafenib administration as monotherapy and in combination with cytosine arabinoside (ARA-C) and 2-chloro-2'-deoxyadenosine (2-CdA) in pediatric patients with different forms of LCH.

Materials and methods. Fifteen patients with various forms of LCH were enrolled in the study. BRAF mutations were detected in 14 patients, mutation in the MAP2K1 gene was detected in one case. Patients with “risk organ” (RO) involvement were included in the first group (n = 9). These patients received combined therapy with vemurafenib and ARA-C/2-CdA. Patients without RO involvement, included in group 2 (n = 6), received vemurafenib as monotherapy. The assessment of the response to the therapy in group 1 was carried out in accordance with the DAS scale, in group 2 in accordance with the RECIST v1.1. The toxicity assessment in both groups was carried out in accordance with the CTCAE v5.0.

Results. All patients in group 1 achieved non-active disease status with a median of 35 (28–61) days. In group 2 partial response to vemurafenib was achieved in 5 cases. Relapse after targeted therapy termination was diagnosed in two patients. Photodermatitis was the most common side effect of targeted therapy.

Conclusions. The use of vemurafenib was effective in both groups. There were no cases of grade III–IV toxicity according to CTCAE v5.0 associated with vemurafenib administration in this study. The combination of vemurafenib and ARA-C/2-CdA showed high efficacy and good tolerability in group 1. Two cases of disease relapse after targeted therapy cessation in group 2 show that the monotherapy approach does not always allow to achieve long-term remission in LCH patients.
Familial DICER1 syndrome with thyroid pathology. A series of clinical cases
Authors: Ivanova N. V. , Zelenova E. E. , Polyakov V. G. , Lozovaya A. Yu. , Semenova V. V. , Kozlova V. M. , Korolev V. A. , Ushakova T.  L. , Panferova T. R. , Kozlov N. A. , Bidulya A. S. , Mikhailova S. N. , Rubanskaya M. V. , Varfolomeeva S.  R.
Published: January 2024

Thyroid diseases in childhood occupy the second place after obesity in the structure of the general pathology of the endocrine system, eating disorders and metabolic disorders in children in the Russian Federation. Thyroid cancer in children makes up from 1.5 to 3 % of all malignant tumors, and from 8 to 22 % of malignant solid tumors of the head and neck, and the younger the child’s age, the more aggressive the disease proceeds.

Familial forms of thyroid diseases may be associated with geographical features (living in iodine-deficient regions), but may also be part of hereditary syndromes, such as: multiple endocrine neoplasia syndromes (Sipple syndrome, Gorner syndrome, familial medullary thyroid cancer), DICER1 syndrome, Gardner syndrome, Cowden syndrome, McCune–Albright–Braitsev syndrome et al.

This article describes several cases of thyroid pathology associated with DICER1 syndrome.
Atorvastatin Effect on COVID-19 Outcomes: A Propensity Score
Matched Study on Hospitalized Patients
Authors: Pourhoseingholi Mohamad Amin , Yazdani Omid , Azizmohammad Looha Mehdi , Safavi-Naini Seyed Amir Ahmad , Esbati Romina , Ilkhani Saba , Taraghikhah Nazanin , Hatamabadi Hamidreza , Sadeghi Amir , Heidari Kamran , Namazi Negarsadat , Asadimanesh Naghmeh , Hatari Saba , Shahrokh Shabnam , Solhpour Ali , Jamialahmadi Tannaz , Santos Raul D. , Sahebkar Amirhossein
Published: January 2024

Background:

This study investigated the association of atorvastatin use on
survival, need for intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and length of hospital stay (LOS)
among COVID-19 inpatients.

Materials and Methods:

A retrospective study was conducted between March 20th,
2020, and March 18th, 2021, on patients with confirmed COVID-19 admitted to three
hospitals in Tehran, Iran. The unadjusted and adjusted effects of atorvastatin on
COVID-19 prognosis were investigated. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to
achieve a 1:1 balanced dataset with a caliper distance less than 0.1 and the nearest neighbor
method without replacement.

Results::

Of 4322 COVID-19 patients, 2136 (49.42%) were treated with atorvastatin. After
PSM, 1245 atorvastatin inpatients and 1245 controls were included with a median
age of 62.0 (interquartile range [IQR]: 51.0, 76.0) and 63.0 (IQR: 51.0, 75.0) years, respectively.
The standardized mean differences were less than 0.1 for all confounders,
suggesting a good covariate balance. The use of atorvastatin was associated with decreased
COVID-19 mortality (HR: 0.80; 95% CI: 0.68-0.95), whereas no relationship
was found between atorvastatin and the need for ICU admission (HR: 1.21; 95% CI:
0.99-1.47). LOS was significantly higher in the atorvastatin cohort than controls (Atorvastatin
vs. others: 7 [5, 11] vs. 6 [4, 10] days; p = 0.003). The survival rate was higher
in combination therapy of atorvastatin plus enoxaparin than in those who received atorvastatin
alone (p-value=0.001).

Conclusion::

Atorvastatin may reduce the risk of COVID-19 in-hospital mortality and
could be a beneficial option for an add-on therapy. Randomized trials are warranted to
confirm the results of the current observational studies.
Genetic and Epigenetic Determinants of COVID-19 Susceptibility: A Systematic Review
Authors: Gasmi Amin , Kassym Laura , Menzel Alain , Anzar Wajiha , Dadar Maryam , Semenova Yuliya , Arshad Mehreen , Bihunyak Tetyana , Meguid Nagwa Abdel , Peana Massimiliano , Bekbergenova Zhanagul , Bjørklund Geir
Published: January 2024

Background:

The molecular mechanisms regulating coronavirus pathogenesis
are complex, including virus-host interactions associated with replication and innate
immune control. However, some genetic and epigenetic conditions associated with comorbidities
increase the risk of hospitalization and can prove fatal in infected patients.
This systematic review will provide insight into host genetic and epigenetic factors that
interfere with COVID-19 expression in light of available evidence.

Methods:

This study conducted a systematic review to examine the genetic and epigenetic
susceptibility to COVID-19 using a comprehensive approach. Through systematic
searches and applying relevant keywords across prominent online databases, including
Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and Science Direct, we compiled all pertinent papers
and reports published in English between December 2019 and June 2023.

Results:

The findings reveal that the host's HLA genotype plays a substantial role in determining
how viral protein antigens are showcased and the subsequent immune system
reaction to these antigens. Within females, genes responsible for immune system regulation
are found on the X chromosome, resulting in reduced viral load and inflammation
levels when contrasted with males. Possessing blood group A may contribute to an increased
susceptibility to contracting COVID-19 as well as a heightened risk of mortality
associated with the disease. The capacity of SARS-CoV-2 involves inhibiting the antiviral
interferon (IFN) reactions, resulting in uncontrolled viral multiplication.

Conclusion:

There is a notable absence of research into the gender-related predisposition
to infection, necessitating a thorough examination. According to the available literature,
a significant portion of individuals affected by the ailment or displaying severe ramifications
already had suppressed immune systems, categorizing them as a group with elevated
risk.
Optimization and Effect of Substituents on the Transformation of
3-(Substituted acetoxy)azetidin-2-ones to Chiral 3-Hydroxyazetidin-2-ones,
Molecular Docking and Enantiomeric Excess Determination
Authors: Bhalla Aman , Modi Garima , Kumar Pankaj , Kaur Jaswinder , Berry Shiwani , Bari Shamsher S. , Banik Bimal K.
Published: January 2024

The enantioselective synthesis of chiral cis-3-hydroxyazetidin-2-ones mediated by Porcine
Pancreatic Lipase (PPL) via hydrolysis of cis-3-(chloro acetoxy) azetidin-2-ones in the presence of a
phosphate buffer (0.1M, pH = 7.2) in acetonitrile at a temperature range of 25-35 °C was optimized.
Under the optimized reaction conditions, the influence of various electron
withdrawing/donating/neutral groups on ester functionality of cis-3-(substituted acetoxy)azetidin-2-
ones towards hydrolysis was extensively studied, and the bromoacetoxy, propanyloxy, and
formyloxy groups provided moderate to good yields of 90%, 91%, and 81%, respectively. Moreover,
the chiral cis-3-hydroxyazetidin-2-ones underwent acetylation, and their enantiomeric excess was
assessed using the 1H NMR technique, employing chiral shift reagents. To gain insights into the
active sites of the biocatalyst, molecular docking studies of compounds 5(a-i) with pancreatic lipase
(PDB ID: 1LBS) were carried out. Additionally, the proposed interaction of substituents with the
biocatalyst established the absolute stereochemistry of the target chiral cis-3-hydroxyazetidin-2-ones
using Seebach's model in comparison to Jone's models.
Pyridazine (1, 2-diazine): A Versatile Pharmacophore Known for its Utility
in Biological Systems
Authors: Sharma Swati
Published: January 2024

:

The present review describes the biological essence of pyridazine scaffold. Around
142 biologically potential pyridazine entities are gathered in a pile from documented literature.
Some of them are commercially available drugs, few are naturally occurring pyridazine compounds,
and a wide variety of compounds containing pyridazine moiety are biologically tested,
and some are under clinical trials. Rather than collecting large quantities of data, an attempt is
made to compile valuable entities. However, efforts have been made to compile the maximum
literature in brief. The main motto of this review is to provide a combination of therapeutically
active pyridazine containing compounds for further drug design, discovery, and development to
contribute to future medicinal chemistry. Our approach is to bring the most biologically potent
pyridazine derivatives to medicinal chemists, biologists, pharmacists, and organic chemists. The
present work encompasses the literature from 2000-2022 from different and authentic sources.
The work is divided according to the bioactive nature of pyridazine nucleus.
An Efficient Aspect-based Sentiment Classification with Hybrid Word
Embeddings and CNN Framework
Authors: Agrawal Monika , Moparthi Nageswara Rao
Published: January 2024

Background:

As the e-commerce product reviews and social media posts are increasing
enormously, the size of the database for polarity/ sentiment detection is a challenging task, and
again, predicting polarities associated with respect to aspect terms end to end in a sentence is a havoc
in real-time applications. Human behavior is influenced by the various opinions generated in society.
Public opinion influences our decisions most often. Businesses and establishments always
need to collect the opinion of the society, which they try to obtain using customer feedback forms
and questionnaires or surveys, which help them to be aware of the shortcomings if any, and to use
suggestions to improve quality. It works in the same way for customers as well and the opinions of
other customers about a particular product can come in handy when deciding to buy a product.

Objectives:

In this work, an efficient Aspect-based Sentiment Classification technique has been introduced
with a hybrid, multiple-word embedding methods and implemented using the CNN
framework on large databases.

Methods:

Most of the traditional models have a limitation on the dependency for one or more similar
types of aspect words for sentiment classification problem. However, these conventional models
such as TF-ID, Word 2Vec and Glove method consumes much more time for word embedding process
and Aspect terms generation and further process of aspect level sentiment classification. Further,
these models are facing problems of high true negative rate and misclassification rate on large
aspect databases in sentiment classification. In this article, we have introduced an efficient Proposed
ensemble word embedding model in the CNN network and defined Hybrid Word2 Vec method, Hybrid
Glove word embedding method and Hybrid Random Forest model for sentiment classification.

Results:

Experiments on a widely used benchmark prove that the proposed word embedding method-
based classification technique results in to higher true positive rate with minimal misclassifications
and also supports better runtime and accuracy than the traditional word embedding-based aspect
level classification approaches.

Conclusion:

In this article, a hybrid ensemble feature ranking-based classification model is proposed on the large aspect databases. In this work, advanced multiple-word embedding methods are
implemented to improve the essential feature extraction problem in the aspect level sentiment process. These multiple-word embedding methods are applied to the sentiment databases in the CNN
framework.
The Neuroanatomy, Etiopathogenesis, and Novel Therapeutic Targets in
Depressive Disorders
Authors: Arora Indu , Khurana Kunal , Kumar Manish
Published: January 2024

Depression has a high prevalence and associated comorbidities. It is still unknown what
the molecular basis of depression is, regardless of many theories that have been put up to explain it.
Many researchers investigate that present-day therapies for depression are ineffective due to their
low efficacy, delayed onset of action (typically two weeks), and adverse effects. Novel medications
that operate more quickly and effectively are thus needed. Several novel molecules (e.g., ketamine,
buprenorphine) have been proven to produce quick and dependable antidepressant benefits in depressive
patients who are resistant to treatment; yet, questions about their effectiveness, possible
abuse, and adverse effects persist. The molecular basis and pharmacological interventions for depression
were included in this study. Even if pharmaceutical treatments for depression have mostly
failed to alleviate the condition, identifying and addressing possible risk factors in an effort to reduce
the prevalence of this psychiatric disease is beneficial for public health. We emphasized the
neuroanatomy and etiopathogenesis of depression, along with a discussion of the putative pharmacological
mechanisms, novel targets, research hurdles, and prospective therapeutic futures.
Konsep dan proses penciptaan seni lukis kontemporer Heri Dono dalam Phantasmagoria of Science and Myth
Authors: Sanjaya Arif Dinta , Nugroho Sigit Wahyu
Published: January 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan latar belakang, eksistensi seniman, proses kreatif berkarya, dan karakteristik seni lukis karya Heri Dono. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan subjek penelitian seniman Heri Dono dan objek penelitian 10 lukisan kontemporer tahun 2021 dalam Phantasmagoria of Science and Myth. Analisis datanya menggunakan reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif, analisis formal dan interpretasi. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Keabsahan datanya dilakukan dengan tiga triangulasi yaitu; sumber, teknik dan teori. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) Heri Dono adalah seniman otodidak yang berkiprah menjadi seniman kontemporer; 2) Eksistensinya menjadi seniman di dalam dan di luar negeri sangatlah banyak, beliau telah mengikuti pameran ke berbagai negara, mendapatkan penghargaan, karya-karyanya dikoleksi museum dan para kolektor, serta aktif mengikuti berbagai kegiatan seni seperti; workshop, seminar, dan diskusi; 3) Proses kreatif Heri Dono terdiri dari ide, konsep dan teknik. Ide gagasannya dalam membuat karya bersumber dari berbagai referensi. Konsep lukisannya berdasarkan isu-isu sosial, ekonomi, politik yang dilatarbelakangi oleh permasalahan kemanusiaan; 4) Karakteristik lukisan karya Heri Dono selalu menampilkan figur makhluk hybrid yang dikerjakan secara dekoratif berupa gabungan penggayaan wayang dan kartun.
Understanding Provider Health Crisis Preparedness Levels at the Initiation of COVID-19 in West Virginia Medical Practices
Authors: Lewis, MD William , McLaughlin, MD Aaron , Sun, MPH Tracy , Lukas, MPH, MS Jennifer , Whanger, MPH Stacey
Published: January 2024

Introduction Rural community healthcare providers and clinics face unique challenges when addressing public health emergencies. The novel 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has led to new challenges exacerbated by a lack of experience, resources, and support. In West Virginia (WV), the largely elderly and rural population is cause for significant concern to the healthcare community due to decreased access to healthcare and increased risk of complications from COVID-19. Methods At the dawning of the COVID-19 crisis, the WV Practice-Based Research Network evaluated rural healthcare providers' confidence and preparedness in public health emergencies. Results A total of 149 primary care providers (52% physicians and 47% certified registered nurse practitioners, physician's assistants, or registered nurses) anonymously responded to the survey. The majority of respondents (81%) indicated they had not previously experienced a public health emergency before 2020. Sixty-four percent felt they had access to timely information and identified organizational leadership and federal government as the top two trusted sources. Only 13% of respondents personally felt "very confident" in being adequately prepared for public health emergencies, while 30% felt their healthcare site is adequately prepared. Discussion The WV primary care perspective about public health emergencies has been elucidated during the pandemic, along with determining where healthcare workers get their information and their awareness of resources available to them.
The Role of Humanization and Robustness of Large Language Models in Conversational Artificial Intelligence for Individuals with Depression: A Critical Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Ferrario Andrea , Sedlakova Jana , Trachsel Manuel
Published: January 2024

UNSTRUCTURED

Large language model (LLM)-powered services are gaining popularity in various applications due to their exceptional performance in many tasks, such as sentiment analysis and question answering. Recently, research has been exploring their potential use in digital health contexts, particularly in the mental health domain. However, implementing LLM-enhanced conversational artificial intelligence (CAI) presents significant ethical, technical, and clinical challenges. In this work, we discuss two challenges that affect the utilization of LLM-enhanced CAI for individuals with mental health issues, focusing on the use case of depressed patients: the tendency to humanize LLM-enhanced CAI and their lack of contextualized robustness. Our approach is interdisciplinary, relying on considerations from philosophy, psychology, and computer science. We argue that the humanization of LLM-enhanced CAI hinges on the reflection of what it means to simulate “human-like” features with LLMs and what role these systems should have in interactions with humans. Further, to ensure contextualizing robustness of LLMs requires considering the specificities of language production in depressed individuals, as well as its evolution over time. Finally, we provide a series of recommendations to foster the responsible design and deployment of LLM-enhanced CAI for the therapeutic support of individuals with depression.
Impact of an Automated Population-Level Cirrhosis Screening Program Using Common Pathology Tests on Rates of Cirrhosis Diagnosis and Linkage to Specialist Care (CAPRISE): Protocol for a Pilot Prospective Single-Arm Intervention Study (Preprint)
Authors: Flores Joan Ericka , Trambas Christina , Jovanovic Natasha , Thompson Alexander J , Howell Jessica
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND

People with compensated cirrhosis receive the greatest benefit from risk factor modification and prevention programs to reduce liver decompensation and improve early liver cancer detection. Blood-based liver fibrosis algorithms such as the Aspartate Transaminase–to-Platelet Ratio Index (APRI) and Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) index are calculated using routinely ordered blood tests and are effective screening tests to exclude cirrhosis in people with chronic liver disease, triaging the need for further investigations to confirm cirrhosis and linkage to specialist care.

OBJECTIVE

This pilot study aims to evaluate the impact of a population screening program for liver cirrhosis (CAPRISE [Cirrhosis Automated APRI and FIB-4 Screening Evaluation]), which uses automated APRI and FIB-4 calculation and reporting on routinely ordered blood tests, on monthly rates of referral for transient elastography, cirrhosis diagnosis, and linkage to specialist care.

METHODS

We have partnered with a large pathology service in Victoria, Australia, to pilot a population-level liver cirrhosis screening package, which comprises (1) automated calculation and reporting of APRI and FIB-4 on routinely ordered blood tests; (2) provision of brief information about liver cirrhosis; and (3) a web link for transient elastography referral. APRI and FIB-4 will be prospectively calculated on all community-ordered pathology results in adults attending a single pathology service. This single-center, prospective, single-arm, pre-post study will compare the monthly rates of transient elastography (FibroScan) referral, liver cirrhosis diagnosis, and the proportion linked to specialist care in the 6 months after intervention to the 6 months prior to the intervention.

RESULTS

As of January 2024, in the preintervention phase of this study, a total of 120,972 tests were performed by the laboratory. Of these tests, 78,947 (65.3%) tests were excluded, with the remaining 42,025 (34.7%) tests on 37,872 individuals meeting inclusion criteria with APRI and FIB-4 being able to be calculated. Of these 42,025 tests, 1.3% (n=531) had elevated APRI>1 occurring in 446 individuals, and 2.3% (n=985) had elevated FIB-4>2.67 occurring in 816 individuals. Linking these data with FibroScan referral and appointment attendance is ongoing and will continue during the intervention phase, which is expected to commence on February 1, 2024.

CONCLUSIONS

We will determine the feasibility and effectiveness of automated APRI and FIB-4 reporting on the monthly rate of transient elastography referrals, liver cirrhosis diagnosis, and linkage to specialist care.

CLINICALTRIAL

Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12623000295640; https://tinyurl.com/58dv9ypp

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/56607
A Survey on the Current Situation of High-Quality Development of Employment and Entrepreneurship Services in Hebei Universities under the Background of Digital Intelligence
Authors: Fu Huijun , Lang Yanhong
Published: January 2024

Digital intelligence technology is an important engine for economic and social development. Digital intelligence has brought new opportunities for employment and entrepreneurship services in Hebei universities. This paper first defines the connotation of high-quality development of employment and entrepreneurship services in Hebei universities from four aspects: development philosophy, development mode, development path, and development momentum. Then, through field research and questionnaire surveys, the current situation of employment and entrepreneurship services in Hebei universities is thoroughly investigated, and the advantages and bottlenecks of high-quality development of employment and entrepreneurship services in Hebei universities are analyzed. This survey lays a solid foundation for the follow-up research on the specific realization path of high-quality development of employment and entrepreneurship services in Hebei universities under the background of digital intelligence.
Computational analysis of the transition of a system between two non-equilibrium stationary states through two-dimensional laminar natural convection in a cylindrical cavity
Authors: Eloi Herimiah Rakotondranja Stelarijao , Lala Raminosoa Andrianary , Mparany Ramanantsoa Ravo , Zo Randrianandraina Hery , Minoson Rakotomalala , Albert Razafinjato Victor
Published: January 2024

Our work focuses on the numerical study of two-dimensional and transient natural convection in a fluid confined within a crescent-shaped space delimited by two horizontal cylinders. The upper wall is subjected to a non-uniform heat flux, while the lower wall experiences a uniform heat flux, thereby generating thermal natural convection. The transfer equations are solved in a bi-cylindrical coordinate system using the formalism of stream function and vorticity, and then integrated using the finite difference method. Subsequently, these transfer equations are integrated using S.V Patankar's finite difference method with an implicit scheme. The computational program is implemented using Maple V Release Student software. The discretization of the equations highlights the following parameters: the Prandtl number (Pr), the modified Grashof number (Gr), and the aspect ratio (r2/r1). The Prandtl number is fixed at 0.7. The results include temperature distributions, local and average Nusselt values, as well as graphs illustrating variations in various parameters based on slice indices.
In Vitro Efficacy of Entomopathogenic Nematodes (EPNS) against Economically Important Insect-Pests of Cauliflower
Authors: Kumari Babita , Kumar Anil , Sujata Sujata , Sharma Lochan
Published: January 2024

Cabbage butterfly, Pieris brassicae (Linnaeus), Tobacco caterpillar, Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) and Plusia orichalcea (Fabricius) causes considerable yield loss in economically important crops such as cabbage, cauliflower, cotton, tobacco, castor, and pulses etc. The nation has been using more pesticides to combat these insects, which has increased environmental pollution, pesticide resistance, pest resurgence, and residue in food, soil, and water. The present study was assessed to susceptibility of P. brassicae, S. litura and P. orichalcea to entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs), Metarhabditis amsactae and mass multiplication of infective juveniles (IJs) in all three insects. Two strains, HAR-St-II and HAR-Ht-III of M. amsactae were tested against all three insects, at four inoculum levels i.e. 5, 10, 20 and 40 IJs /insect larva, under laboratory conditions at Department of Nematology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during 2021-2022. Results revealed that in both the strains of M. amsactae, as the observation time and level of IJs increased, there was a significant increase in per cent mortality of all three insects. Observation on recovery of M. amsactae was less from cadaver of P. orichalcea than P. brassicae and S. litura.
An Analysis on Domestic Violence, Depression and Surge of Anger During the COVID-19 Outbreak in India
Authors: Gopikrishna Dr. P.
Published: January 2024

Covid-19, which is also referred to as Novel Coronavirus Disease, has begun in China and has rapidly crossed multiple national borders and infected people all over the world, where India has been severely affected by this outbreak in almost all sectors; as a result of the threat of the spread of this viral disease, India, at the beginning, has been forced to shut down all general activities and to force a tight lockdown to restrict human interactions. These sudden restrictions and orders have puzzled and affected the common public in many ways, such as emotionally, physically, financially, and career-wise, halting their potential improvements, and have also ruined many people's livelihoods and the rhythm of life in India. Although the process of unlocking has started and successfully implemented, at the time of post lockdown, people were not afraid of the coronavirus at the same time, due to the experiences of facing rapid attacks from new variants such as Delta, Delta Plus, and Omicron, triggered different psychological and social problems in the living society. In this connection, this research paper exclusively focuses on the sudden rise of domestic violence, depression, and surge of anger between people since the virus outbreak in India. This study covers various associated issues as well as views on financial and social issues and government actions to control the spread of the virus when these negative characteristics make the situation more vulnerable. Thus, through the findings and analysis of this paper, it is useful to know the pulse of common people in India and their tactics to handle these situations which also prevents negativity in people because of these crucial circumstances.
Growth, Yield and Economic Advantage of Onion (Allium cepa L.) Varieties in Response to NPSB Fertilizer and Planting Pattern
Authors: Aweke Anteneh , Diriba-Shiferaw G.
Published: January 2024

Haphazard and low soil fertility, low yielding verities and poor agronomic practices are among the major factors constraining onion production in the central rift valley of Ethiopia. Therefore, a field experiment was conducted in East Showa Zone of Adami Tulu Jido Combolcha district in central rift valley areas at ziway from October 2021 to April 2022 to identify appropriate rate of NPSB fertilizer and planting pattern of onion varieties. The experiment was laid out in split plot design of factorial arrangement in three replications. The main effect of NPSB blended fertilizer rates and varieties (red coach and red king) significantly (p<0.01) influenced plant height, leaf length, leaf diameter, leaf number and fresh leaf weight, shoot dry matter per plant, and harvest index. Total dry biomass, bulb diameter, neck diameter, average fresh bulb weight, bulb dry matter, marketable bulb yield, and total bulb yield were significantly (p<0.01) influenced only by the main effect of NPSB blended fertilizer rates. In addition, unmarketable bulb yield was statistically significantly affected (p≥0.05) by the blended fertilizer rates and planting pattern. Moreover, days to 90% maturity of onion was affected by the main factor of NPSB fertilizer rate, variety and planting pattern. The non-fertilized plants in the control treatment were inferior in all parameters except unmarketable bulb yield and harvest index. Significantly higher marketable bulb yield (41 t ha-1) and total bulb yield (41.33 t ha-1) was recorded from 300 kg ha-1 NPSB blended fertilizer rate applied. Double row planting method and hybrid red coach onion variety had also gave higher growth and yields. The study revealed that the highest net benefit of Birr, 878,894 with lest cost of Birr 148,006 by the combinations of 150 kg blended NPSB ha-1 with double row planting method (40cm*20cm*7cm) and red coach variety which can be recommendable for higher marketable bulb yield and economic return of hybrid onion for small scale farmers in the study area. Also, for resource full producers (investors), highest net benefit of Birr 1,205,372 with higher cost (159,628 Birr) by application of 300 kg NPSB ha-1 is recommended as a second option. However, the research should be replicated both in season and areas to more verify the recommendations.
An Integrated Approach to Boosting Sales through Digital Marketing Strategies: An Exploration of Synergies between Traditional and Modern Marketing Techniques
Authors: Singh Niharika
Published: January 2024

Abstract: Integrating traditional and digital marketing approaches provides several advantages for businesses aiming to create a comprehensive marketing strategy. By using a consistent message and visual identity across all channels, businesses can create a strong and memorable brand. Digital campaigns allow you to reach a wider audience, while traditional tactics such as TV, radio and print expand brand awareness beyond just online channels. Furthermore, integrating your digital and traditional marketing channels can boost conversions by making the most out of touchpoints, which is critical to your lead nurturing process. Combining these approaches opens up opportunities for increased engagement and response rates, which can be particularly advantageous for traditional marketing channels. For example, participating in local events and promoting them online, sponsoring a local event or setting up a table at a local convention can yield positive outcomes for businesses aiming to create a comprehensive and effective marketing campaign. The secret to great marketing is the combination of both digital and traditional marketing and using them in an integrated way to enhance brand awareness and increase sales. Traditional and digital come together in beautiful harmony for the perfect connection between your customers and brand. Businesses that merge traditional and digital marketing strategies can reap the benefits of both approaches, creating a comprehensive marketing campaign that yields positive outcomes and increased sales.
Distribution of hepatitis С virus drug resistance mutations among patients with recurrence of the disease during therapy with direct antiviral drugs
Authors: Reingardt D. E. , Ostankova Yu. V. , Lyalina L. V. , Anufrieva E. V. , Semenov A. V. , Totolian Areg A.
Published: January 2024

The aim of the study was to identify the prevalence of drug resistance mutations in the hepatitis C virus among patients with relapse of the disease on therapy with direct antiviral drugs.

Materials and methods. The study material included 31 blood plasma samples from patients with chronic hepatitis C with relapse of the disease on therapy with direct antiviral drugs. Samples were screened for the presence of HCV RNA. In case of detection of HCV RNA, amplification was carried out using a set of primers jointly flanking the NS3, NS5A, NS5B genes. After sequencing the nucleotide sequences of these genes, the subtype of the virus was determined and drug resistance mutations were identified.

Results and discussion. The age of the patients ranged from 33 to 62 and averaged 45.8±8.38 years. The number of men in the group prevailed compared to women — 21 (67%) and 10 (33%), respectively. Viral load determination results ranged from 3.1×103 to 4.2×107 IU/ml. The distribution of genotypes was as follows: 1a — 26% (n=8), 1b — 29% (n=9), 3a — 45% (n=14). The nucleotide sequence of the NS3, NS5A, NS5B regions was determined in all samples. Mutations associated with drug resistance were detected in 87% (n=27). In all identified cases, the mutations resulted in viral resistance to at least one drug included in the patient’s current treatment regimen. In one patient, amino acid substitutions were found in three regions at once, which led to the emergence of resistance to two drugs in the regimen.

Conclusion. Conducting a preliminary examination of patients to identify mutations of drug resistance to direct antiviral drugs can affect the effectiveness of the planned treatment and the choice of the optimal regimen.
A Reaction to Critique from the Epistemological Sidelines
Authors: Garssen Bart
Published: January 2024

In this paper, a reaction is presented to Siegel’s claim that the pragma-dialectical theory of argumentation ignores or neglects epistemological viewpoints that he finds vital to any normative theory of argumentation. The focus is on the most important problems in Siegel’s argument: 1) the ambiguity of the term ‘argument’ and the alleged negligence of this ambiguity in pragma-dialectics; 2) the critical rational perspective of the pragma-dialectical account; and 3) the alleged negligence of the “abstract propositional sense” of argument in pragma-dialectics.
Antinomies of digitalization and visualization in the contemporary mass culture
Authors: Nimensky A. V. , Gerasimov A. D.
Published: January 2024

The article is a review of two books that differently assess the processes and results of informatization, networkization and digitalization of the mass society, which have given rise to many phenomena that are antinomic in nature, primarily due to the interweaving positive and negative consequences for social interaction. In the first book - Post-Truth or Fake: The Issue of Truth in Social Media (Saint Petersburg: Vladimir Dal; 2023. 303 p.) - N.A. Rhodossky conducts a ‘retrospective analysis’ of the concept and role of the media in “the development of philosophy of cyberculture”; the book is a ‘compendium’ of categories and conceptual approaches to the study of social media. The second book by A. Bruns Are Filter Bubbles Real? (Transl. from English by A. Arkhipova; ed. by A. Pavlov. Moscow: HSE Publishing House; 2023. 120 p.) focuses on one aspect in the functioning of social media - “the influence of the ideologically biased echo chambers and filter bubbles on the nature of public discussions”, and also systematizes the conflicting assessments of the consequences of the ever-increasing digitalization of our everyday life.
Linguistic and cultural foundations of verbal aggression in the Russian language
Authors: Lapteva Mariya L. , Firsova Mariya A.
Published: January 2024

The relevance of the research is determined by the insufficient study of the forms of aggression in the context of culture, as well as insufficient description of the extralinguistic prerequisites of aggression correlated with the subject area of culture, and intra-linguistic means and methods of cultural reference of aggression. The aim of the study is to identify the linguistic and cultural foundations of expressing aggression in the Russian language and to describe the means of its verbalization through the prism of the binary category “Own/ Other”, which is the basis of ethnic conflicts. To achieve this aim, the method of definitional, semantic, linguistic-cultural analysis, descriptive method was used. A sociolinguistic experiment was conducted. Methods of continuous sampling from lexicographic sources and of quantitative calculations of the responses received by the participants of the experiment were applied. The research material included: 1) a corpus of more than 50 lexical and phraseological units of the Russian language taken from dictionaries, which verbalize aggressive attitude towards “foreign” culture and “foreign” ethnos; 2) a range of ethnopholisms obtained in the sociolinguistic experiment among high school students in Astrakhan. It was determined that aggression in the Russian language has a culturological explanation: it is conditioned by identifying the ethnos according to the principle of “own - other”. The linguistic and cultural basis of aggressive semantics is the semantics of “alienness”, which is expressed by demonstrating an obviously negative attitude to “alien”, which is the object of an aggressive action. A special group of lexical means - linguistic and cultural markers of aggression - includes units, negatively characterizing representatives/artifacts of a “foreign” culture. Linguistic and cultural markers of aggression are ethnopholisms. Aggressive nominations of ethnic groups historically residing both far abroad and in the Russian multicultural region are equally relevant in the linguistic consciousness of young people. From extralinguistic positions, the consolidation and activation of hostile lexico-phraseological means in the language are conditioned by the intercultural historical contacts of nations which are currently being reflected in the journalistic discourse, in Internet communication. The perspective of the research is seen in the use of its results for developing the concept of overcoming speech aggression in the educational space, where the factor of hostility has hindered the education of a tolerant personality.
“Das ist nicht die Psychoanalyse”. Algunas reflexiones sobre las definiciones freudianas del psicoanálisis: teoría, práctica y política
Authors: Scholten Hernán
Published: January 2024

La pregunta que propone este dossier -¿Qué es el psicoanálisis?- ha sido formulada en múltiples ocasiones desde hace décadas, pero quizá en pocas ocasiones ha sido debidamente problematizada. A esto se suma esa particular expresión que es muy común escuchar en el ámbito psicoanalítico, utilizada a modo de conjuro de ostracismo: “¡Eso no es psicoanálisis!”.

Frente a este panorama, ante este aparente escaso interés actual por la definición, en simultáneo con cierto apremio por señalar aquello que queda por fuera del psicoanálisis, este breve artículo propone analizar un conjunto de textos en los que Freud busca delimitar no sólo qué es el psicoanálisis sino también los mecanismos implicados y los lugares autorizados para señalar las desviaciones respecto de la disciplina freudiana. En otras palabras, se busca mostrar que el psicoanálisis, lejos de reducirse a una metodología de investigación, una modalidad de tratamiento de la neurosis o una teoría, se define también como movimiento. Y la cuestión del “movimiento ψ” llevará a reflexionar respecto de sus mecanismos de (re)producción y algunas de sus consecuencias históricas.

A la luz de este recorrido, se busca mostrar que esta pregunta, que en principio puede parecer meramente técnica y “científica”, remite necesariamente a lo político.