bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IMPACTO PSICOSSOCIAL CAUSADO PELA PANDEMIA DA COVID-19 NOS PROFISSIONAIS DE SAÚDE
Authors: Almeida Vivian Ranyelle Soares de , Do Nascimento Diana Cardeal , Moura Jenny Caroline Vieira , Silva Juliana Macêdo dos Santos , De Oliveira Denise Rios , Freitas Maria Yaná Guimarães Silva , Dos Santos Carmen Liêta Ressurreição
Published: November 2020

Objetivo: Descrever o impacto psicossocial causado pela pandemia do novo coronavírus nos profissionais de saúde por meio de uma revisão narrativa. Método: Trata-se de uma revisão narrativa da literatura realizada na plataforma da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde usando os seguintes descritores “Profissionais da saúde” AND “COVID-19”, no período de maio a junho de 2020, selecionados inicialmente 430 estudos e após a leitura do título e resumo, totalizaram seis artigos. Resultados: Os profissionais da saúde que estão na linha de frente contra a pandemia da COVID-19, enfrentam incertezas, anseios e preocupações, gerando sentimentos como: ansiedade, estresse, ambivalência, depressão e exaustão, podendo ocasionar problemas na saúde mental e física. Conclusão: Em meio a pandemia os profissionais podem sentir-se desamparados, sobrecarregados de atividades e gravemente afetados psicologicamente, tornando-os mais vulneráveis. Sendo assim, é necessário a adoção de medidas protetivas, estabelecimento de metas exequíveis, melhores condições de trabalho, assistência médica e apoio psicológico.

Descritores: Infecções por Coronavirus. Pandemia. Pessoal de Saúde. Impactos na Saúde.
Quality Control in the Printing Process of PT XYZ Printing Packaging Products
Authors: Windriya Anafil
Published: November 2020

This study aimed to determine the role of quality control in the printing process of packaging products printed by PT XYZ. The reason why quality should be emphasized was because a good quality will encourage the business progress and decrease the defect or damage. This study used descriptive qualitative method. The data collection methods were collected through interview, literature study and direct observation by the writer. PT XYZ had set specifications and quality control procedures, but the results of printing packaging product were still unmatched with the specifications. There were 3 stages of XYZ quality control starting from quality control of incoming raw materials, quality control in the production process, and quality control of finishing. The inspections carried out during the printing process aimed to ensure that the printing results met the standards and specifications set by the company as a proof from the customer. Thus, it could reduce the risk of products that did not meet the printing quality standards which later continued to the next process and sent to the customer.
Choosing harvester head for forests of Central Russia
Authors:   BMSTU (Mytishchi branch), Karpachev S.P. , Bykovskiy M.A. ,   BMSTU (Mytishchi branch), Laptev A.V. ,   BMSTU (Mytishchi branch)
Published: November 2020

Theoretical and experimental studies to substantiate the choice of a harvester head are presented. A mathematical model of the harvester’s work has been developed based on natural and production-technological factors. The results obtained make it possible to justify the dimensions of the harvester head for the Central Federal District, in particular, the maximum width of the opening of the gripping levers harvester head. When choosing the size of the harvester head, it is recommended to proceed from the fact that some of the large trees can be left in the cutting area. Felling of such trees can be done with chainsaws. If we proceed from the number and volume of harvested trees, then the width of the opening of the gripping levers harvester head for the Central Federal District can be recommended equal to 750 mm. In this case, the percentage of the harvested number of trees without taking into account the small size will be 99,8%. As for the volume of harvested wood, it is also quite high and amounts to 98,6%.
Productivity of stands formed on agricultural lands
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Vologda State Dairy Academy named after N.V. Vereshchagin», Gribov S.E. , Korchagov S.A. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Vologda State Dairy Academy named after N.V. Vereshchagin», Khamitov R.S. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Vologda State Dairy Academy named after N.V. Vereshchagin», Evdokimov I.V. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Vologda State Dairy Academy named after N.V. Vereshchagin»
Published: November 2020

The results of research on the productivity of stands formed on agricultural land are presented. It is noted that at present the process of overgrowing with tree and shrub vegetation on such sites in various regions of Russia has become widespread due to the reduction of agricultural enterprises. The research was conducted on former agricultural land covered with woody vegetation. In the course of field work, 4,324 hectares of former agricultural land were studied within the Belozersky and Kirillovsky districts of the Vologda region. The economic and environmental expediency of rational and scientifically-based use of such territories for forestry is shown, which allows significantly increasing the yield of business wood per unit area and creating a transport-accessible forest resource base.
Coniferous plants root system formation in plantations of Izhevsk (Udmurt Republic)
Authors:   Udmurt State University, Bukharina I.L. , Pashkova A.S. ,   Udmurt State University
Published: November 2020

A study of the root systems of tree species, their distribution in soil in horizontal and vertical directions, expressed by quantitative and qualitative indicators in the form of architectonics, underground phytomass, volume, surface, area and root saturation, answers many questions regarding the growth and development of tree plants. The growth conditions and species characteristics of plants have a significant effect on the formation of the root system.The studies were carried out in the large industrial center of the Ural region of Izhevsk in plantations of various environmental categories, i.e. plantings of the residential zone and plantings along the highways. As a zone of conditional control, a city park of landscape type named after S.M. Kirov. The objects of the study were coniferous species: the representative of the local flora such as European spruce (Pícea ábies L.) and the introduced species — Blue spruce (Picea pungens Engelm.), prevailing among the coniferous species used in the city’s landscaping. In the course of the research, the peculiarities of P. pungens and P. ábies in the formation of the root system in an anthropogenic environment were revealed, manifested in a change in the root saturation index of the meter soil layer, the length of the roots, the ratio of root fractions and their distribution in soil horizons. The total root saturation of a meter layer of soil is higher in P. pungens, but under the conditions of the highest technogenic load in the mainline stands, this indicator is higher in P. ábies. In park plantings in both species, the maximum root saturation was noted in the first soil horizon, while the anthropogenic load in P. ábies increased in the second horizon, and in P. pungens in the third soil horizon. The proportion of different root fractions also changes. P. pungens increases the proportion of semi-skeletal roots, P. ábies increses skeletally, and in conditions of high anthropogenic load it makes half-skeleton and suction roots.
Międzynarodowe planowanie podatkowe z wykorzystaniem spółki prawa luksemburskiego
Authors: Nowak Tomasz
Published: November 2020

System podatkowy w Polsce cechuje się dużą liczbą obciążeń podatkowych oraz skomplikowaną konstrukcją poszczególnych podatków. Wpływa to bezpośrednio na decyzje podmiotów gospodarczych, które przyjmują różne postawy w odpowiedzi na wysokie opodatkowanie ich dochodów. Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie jednego ze sposobów legalnego międzynarodowego planowania podatkowego umożliwiającego minimalizację opodatkowania dochodów przedsiębiorców dzięki wykorzystaniu odpowiednich regulacji prawnych oraz form organizacyjno-prawnych prowadzonej działalności gospodarczej. W artykule zwrócono również uwagę na proces dostosowywania struktur do zmieniających się przepisów podatkowych.
Speech Therapy Case Study of Patient Diagnosed with the Frontal Psychoorganic Syndrome
Authors: Gliwa Renata
Published: November 2020

The psychoorganic syndrome is a deviation in the mental state due to damage or dysfunction of the brain structures. It is associated with the occurrence of mental disorders manifested in the behavioral, socio-emotional, cognitive and therefore also communicative sphere. The article describes the case of a 68-year-old patient who was diagnosed with the psychoorganic syndrome. The changes observed in her relate to significant dysfunctions in the areas of competence, interaction, communication and language.
Linguistics of Augmentative and Alternative Communication in the Process of Diagnosis of Speech Inability and Speech Non-Occurrence
Authors: Michalik Mirosław
Published: November 2020

The paper identifies and defines augmentative and alternative communication, a new sub-discipline in applied linguistics whose primary parametre is linguistic competence whereas the secondary parameter is the phenomenon of speech inability and speech non-occurrence. At the same time it has been proven that linguistics of augmentative and alternative communication conducts primary, applied and implementation research having a hierarchical layout of scientific aims. It also enables to conduct a logopaedic analysis of mute and non-speaking persons. The postulates that govern it are presented in the last part of the text.
Logopaedics as an Interdisciplinary Science in the Eyes of Speech Therapists. Preliminary Research Results
Authors: Pluta-Wojciechowska Danuta
Published: November 2020

The author presents considerations on logopaedics as a science, exposing the interdisciplinary character of this discipline. The problem discussed in the paper is depicted in the context of two processes observed in science, namely dividing and combining knowledge. Against this background the author analyzes the subject and tasks of logopaedics, taking into account linguistics, pedagogy and psychology. She also presents preliminary results of survey research concerning the understanding by speech therapists of the interdisciplinarity of logopaedics, the specific nature of diagnosis and therapy methods which, in the opinion of respondents, are specific to logopaedics. She also points to the major tasks of logopaedics which are connected with ordering the methodology of proceeding and the education process.
¿Está justificada la extensión de la figura del indefinido no fijo que realiza a los trabajadores de sociedades mercantiles públicas la STS de 18 de junio de 2020 (Rº. 2811/2018, Sala de los Social)?
Authors: Arrieta Idiakez Francisco Javier
Published: November 2020

El objetivo de este trabajo es comentar la STS de 18 de junio de 2020 (Rº. 2811/2018, Sala de los Social) para criticar la extensión de la figura del inde­finido no fijo a las sociedades mercantiles públicas. A tal efecto, tras resaltar el interés de la sentencia, se realizará una descripción de los hechos que dan lugar al litigio, se describirá la problemática planteada, se profundizará en la resolución y los Fundamentos de Derecho que la motivan, se centrará la atención en el Voto Particular existente, y, finalmente, se realizará una valoración personal en la que se considerarán aspectos que de haber sido considerados hubieran supuesto la no extensión de la figura del indefinido no fijo a las sociedades mercantiles públicas.
El IMV: Luces, sombras y futuro
Authors: Gimeno Juan A.
Published: November 2020

3
PETROLOGY AND GEOCHEMISTRY OF INTRUSIVE ROCKS OF THE SINYUKHINSKOYE DEPOSIT (GORNY ALTAI)
Authors:   V. M. Shukshin Altai State Humanities Pedagogical University, Gusev A. I. , Gusev N. I. ,   A. P. Karpinsky Russian Geological Research Institute
Published: November 2020

New data on phase relationships, petrology and geochemistry of the Sinyukhinskoye rocks and dikes of the same deposit are presented. Five phases of rock intrusions formed in a homodromic-antidromic sequence are found. The Sinyukhinskoye rocks fall in the oxidized type. In the depth, a source of melting was garnet lherzolites, and, to a lesser extent, spinel lherzolites of an enriched mantle source of the lithospheric slab with a degree of partial melting from 0.2 to 0.4 and low pressure. The formation of intrusive rocks of the deposit took place in the post-collisional environment. The magmatite fluids of the massif and dikes were characterized by high partial pressures of such volatile components as H2O, Cl, F, CO2, which were the main carriers of metals. The rocks exhibit the tetrad effect of the W-type REE fractionation. The dependences of the values of the latter and the concentrations of copper and gold in igneous rocks and fluids were determined by different regimes of acidity and alkalinity of the medium. The deposit belongs to a complex family of ores of the copper-gold-skarn-porphyry type. In the Cheryomukhovaya Sopka and Chir areas, this is also confirmed by the presence of the copper-gold-porphyry type in the ore field, in addition to the gold-copperskarn mineralization.
SILURIAN REEF OF THE LEDYANSK UPLIFT AS A POTENTIAL RESERVOIR OF HYDROCARBONS IN THE NORTH OF THE SIBERIAN PLATFORM
Authors:   A.A.Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics SB RAS, Varaksina I. A.
Published: November 2020

The results of the lithological study of the Silurian sediments drilled in by wells within the Ledyansk uplift in the north of the Siberian platform are presented. It is found that in the early Silurian time on the territory under consideration a large organogenic buildup corresponding to typical Silurian reefs of a stable shelf was formed, the formation stage of its framework was confined to Wenlock. In Late Silurian, against the background of regression, the reef formations were overlain by lagoon-sebkha clayey-evaporite deposits. It is shown that the heterogeneity of the section affected the distribution of reservoir properties. The high primary porosity of the reef framework contributed to the processes of dissolution, stylolization, fracturing and formation of a high-capacity reservoir. The combination of various voids led to the development of a complex reservoir. The saline-sulfate rocks of the Upper Silurian – Lower Devonian act as a seal. The question of the prospects for the oil and gas potential of the Silurian reef deposits is of particular relevance in view of the wholesale development of organogenic buildups on the Siberian platform in the Wenlock time.
Physicochemical Analysis of Effluents from Agro-Based Paper
Mill in Uttarakhand State of India
Authors: Singh Uma Shankar , Panwar Suresh , Jain R.K. , Tripathi Y.C.
Published: November 2020

The pulp and paper industries discharge of large amount of effluent as wastewater
in the surrounding streams thereby causing serious health and environmental problems. These
large quantities of effluents need to be characterized for evolving proper treatment strategy
prior to their disposal. Physicochemical characteristics of effluents from an agro-based paper
mills located in Uttarakhand state of India were analyzed in terms of pH, colour, TS, TDS,
TSS, turbidity, BOD, COD, and AOX. The effluent samples collected from different
processing units of the paper mill varied considerably across the discharge streams. The mean
values pH, colour, TS, TDS, TSS, turbidity, BOD, COD, and AOX were found in the range of
2.559.8±0.05, 4102802 PCU, 1980.652785.79 ppm, 1650.672470.35 ppm, 315.44
401.35 ppm, 73.22349.37 NTU, 170.32670.42, 705.522000.55 ppm, and 14.9840.82
respectively. Result shows that all the studied physicochemical parameters of effluents at
different processing units of the mill are higher than the permissible standards that need proper
treatment for their safe disposal.
Light Transmitting Concrete using Eco Friendly materials
(Waste materials)
Authors: Jayaraman A , Gowtham S M , Praveen N , Hariharan V , Afrith M Refak
Published: November 2020

Concrete is a composite material composed of fine and coarse aggregate bonded
together with fluid cement that hardens over time. Now days mostly the construction
researchers have been trying to improve the quality and reduced dead weight of the structure
and enhance its performance. In this current situation there is a demand in natural sand so
engineers are using manufactured sand. The aim of our project is to reduce the dead weight of
the structure as well increase the strength of the concrete.So we developed light weight
aggregate and sand by using waste plastic and glass materials. We developed a concrete by
using crushed glass bottles and melted plastic which is considered as light weight concrete.
Glass is an ideal material for recycling use of recycled glass helps in energy saving. This
indicate that glass can be effectively used as a fine aggregate replacement without substantial
change in strength and also we used aluminum metal powder for reducing the member weight
by introduced air in concrete. For the innovative and aesthetic purpose we made the concrete
to glow using plastic optical fiber which acts as a transmitting agent which also called as
translucent concrete in which the optical fiber is inserted in parallel way. We used epoxy to
harden the optical fiber (0.75mm) and M20 grade concrete.
Synthesis and Characterization of Co(II) and Ni(II)
complexes of Schiff base derived from Ninhydrin and Valine
Authors: Yirga Bekele , Chimdi Achalu , Arasu P.Thillai
Published: November 2020

In this study, Complexes of Co (II) and Ni (II) ions with Ruhmann’s purple
(ligand) were successfully synthesized and characterized. The complexes of NiL2and
CoL2were synthesized by using template condensation synthesis method and characterized by
melting point, solubility, elemental analysis, and molar conductance, and magnetic
susceptibility, infrared and electronic spectral studies. The complexes, NiL2and CoL2 are
soluble in ethanol, partially soluble in Diethyl ether and chloroform and insoluble in hexane
and petroleum ether. The complexes, NiL2and CoL2 neither melt nor decompose up to 4200C.
The molar conductance of NiL2and CoL2 was 42 Scm2/mol and 46Scm2/mol in respectively.
The molar magnetic susceptibility of two complexes was 1.74 BM for NiL2 and 2.76 BM for
CoL2. The metal to ligand ratio of both metal complexes was 1:2; both metal complexes are
non-electrolytes in ethanol and are paramagnetic at 210C. Based on the spectral data and other
analytical data, monobasic ONO donor behavior of the ligand (Ruhmann’s purple) generates
octahedral geometry for the pink-green colored Ni (II) complex and green colored Co (II)
complex.
Studies on Optical Constants and Solid State Parameters of a Semi-organic Nonlinear Optical Material L-Methioninium Nitrate for Optoelectronic Device Fabrication
Authors: Vasudevan P. , Kumar M. Sankar , Kannan G. Anumantha
Published: November 2020

Semi-organic nonlinear optical material L-methioninium nitrate have been
synthesized by the slow evaporation technique at room temperature. The synthesized crystal
structure lattice parameters are found to be a = 10.68 (2) Ǻ, b = 5.47 (2) Ǻ, c = 16.725.47 (2)
Ǻ; α = γ = 90º, β = 100.7º by single crystal X-ray diffractometer. The grown crystal belongs to
a monoclinic structure and non-centrosymmetric space group P21. Optical properties were
determined from optical absorption studies to compute the absorption range, band gap,
refractive index and electrical susceptibility of L-methioninium nitrate. Dielectric parameters
of the sample carried out at different temperature in the frequency range from 100 Hz to 5
MHz. The solid parameters such as plasma energy, Penn gap, Fermi energy and polarizability
of L-methioninium nitrate have been determined using dielectric studies. The second harmonic
generation efficiency of the grown crystal has been confirmed by Kurtz and Perry technique.
These preliminary investigations suggest that the present compound L-methioninium nitrate
can serve as a potential material for optoelectronic device fabrication.
Bioanalytical Method Development and Validation of
Estimation of Nimorazole by RP-HPLC in Human Plasma
Authors: Jadhav Nilam B , Yadav Savita S , Gusain Kuldeep Singh
Published: November 2020

Nimorazole is an antiprotozoal medicine used to treat infections caused by
protozoa in the stomach, intestines, or genital areas. The main principle of this study was to
develop RP-HPLC technique for the quantitative determination of Nimorazole in human
plasma. The separation was accomplished by the isocratic method by using column C18
(Thermosil ODS), detection wavelength was 294 nm. The analyte was extracted in acetonitrile
by liquid-liquid extraction. Acetonitrile: water in the ratio 30:70 was used as mobile phase for
estimation of the drug in human plasma with a flow rate of 0.8 mL/min at a detection
wavelength of 294 nm. Retention time was found to be 7.933 ± 0.23 min.The developed
method was found to be linear over the concentration range of 60-360 μg/mL, with a
correlation coefficient of 0.9991. The LOD and LOQ were found to be 10 μg/mL and 40
μg/mL, respectively. The method ensure for Precision and % RSD was found to be less than 2
% and the mean % recovery was found to be 99.58%. This method was effectively and
favourably applied to the plasma samples and it seems to be appropriate tool for regular
therapeutic drug monitoring of anti-infective drugs.
Bioactive Components from Flowers of Sesbania grandiflora
L.: Extraction and Optimization Studies
Authors: Sujithra S.
Published: November 2020

Plant based extracts are attractive sources of nutraceutical which have been shown
to produce promising results in the treatment of curing many diseases and disorders. Sesbania
grandiflora Linn is one such plant commonly known as Agathi belongs to the family, Fabaceae
native to tropical region that has been used medicinally for centuries. The present study deals
with bioactive components extraction from the flowers of Sesbania grandiflora using different
solvents namely ethanol, methanol, petroleum ether, acetone, and n-hexane using soxhlet
apparatus. Response surface methodology is applied to optimize the extraction process of
bioactive components from Sesbania grandiflora flower. The effect of process parameters such
as temperature (40 0C to 600C), time (8hr to 10hr) and the quantity of sample (10gm to 20gm)
on extraction yield was studied. Among the five solvents used in the study, a maximum yield
9.95% was found when ethanol is used. Phytochemical constituents of the extract were
analyzed using phytochemical screening methods. The extraction yield is optimized for
different process variables using design of experiments.
Molecular Docking Study of Quercetein Analogues for
Treating Tumours
Authors: Gejalakshmi S. , Harikrishnan N.
Published: November 2020

Drug discovery leading to robust and viable lead candidate’s remains a challenging
scientific task, which is the transition from a screening hit to a drug candidate, requires
expertise and experience. Natural products and their derivatives have been recognized for many
years as a source of therapeutic agents and of structural diversity. The present research attempts
to describe the utilization of compounds derived from natural resources as drug candidates,
with a focus on the success of these resources in the process of finding and discovering new
and effective drug compounds, an approach commonly referred to as ―natural product drug
discovery
Decreased Blood Glucose and Histopathology Improvement
in Hyperbaric Hyperoxic Conditions Alloxan-induced
rats(Laboratory Experimental Study)
Authors: Budiarti Retno
Published: November 2020

Background: Diabetes mellitus is still a problem in Indonesia, related to the
number of organs involved. This disease has relatively high morbidity and mortality rates.
Adjuvant therapy is needed considering the long-term therapy that must be consumed by
patients. Objective: To explain the effect of hyperbaric oxygen in reducing blood glucose
levels, and repairing histopathological damage to the pancreas and liver. Method : this study
was an experimental laboratory study using whistar strain rats (Rattus Norvegicus) which were
given a normal diet then induced alloxan to create a hyperglycemia condition. After that, 12
rats from the treatment group were given 3 x 30’ hyperbaric oxygen exposure for 6 days. Blood
glucose levels, histopathological changes in the pancreas and liver was measured between the
treatment group and the control group were not given hyperbaric oxygen exposure. Results:
There was a significant difference (α< 0,05) in decreasing blood glucose and repairing
histopathological damage in pancreatic and liver tissue between treated group and control
group. Conclusion: hyperbaric oxygen treatment as much as 3 x 30'for days at 2.4 ATA O2
100% reduce blood glucose levels and repair histopathological damage to pancreatic tissue and
liver of alloxan- induced white rats.
An Exploratory Algorithm for the Rectangle Packing Problem on the Basis of the Best Fit Algorithm and the Lowest Front-Line Strategy
Authors: Bozorgi Mohammad , Mohammadi Zanjireh Morteza
Published: November 2020

Nowadays, the wasting of resources is one of the fundamental challenges of the industrial sector. The rectangle packing problem can be very effective in this context. Practical applications of this issue in the timing and designing of the industries and businesses are very remarkable. The purpose of this issue is to arrange a set of rectangles with specific dimensions in a rectangular page with a specific width and unlimited height without overlapping. The fundamental challenge in this issue is that this is an NP-complete issue. Therefore, it is difficult to achieve the best arrangement, which has the maximum rate of resource utilization and also has a linear running time. Many algorithms have been presented to estimate a practical solution for this issue. In the past decades, the best fit method has been one of the most useful methods for this purpose. This study presents a combinatorial algorithm based on two algorithms, including the lowest front-line strategy and the best-fit algorithm. The running results indicate that the suggested algorithm performs well, despite its simplicity. The time complexity of the suggested algorithm is O(nm), in which n is the number of input rectangles and m is the number of the created front lines.
Hot-Air Extermination of Insects: The Only Sustainable Method for Historical Timber Constructions
Authors: Solar Jaroslav , Alexa Petr
Published: November 2020

Wood-borer extermination by a dry heat clean-up is the essential method from the point of view of sustainability of historical wooden structures like trusses and ceilings in heritage-listed buildings. The wooden components are heated by a hot air of temperature about 100°C until the temperature in the centre of the wooden structures reaches 55°C to kill the wood-borers. In this article we review the method and present solution of the heat equation for structural wooden components. We also suggest an approximate formula that enables to estimate the necessary heating time for different cross sections of wooden components and can be used in technical application of the method.
Global Trends in Child Obesity: Are Figures Converging?
Authors: González-Álvarez María A. , Lázaro-Alquézar Angelina , Simón-Fernández María Blanca
Published: November 2020

Infant obesity has become one of the most serious global health challenges of our time. The combined prevalence of overweight and obesity has rapidly increased worldwide during the last two decades, especially in some developing countries where obesity is reaching levels on a par with some industrialized countries, or even higher. This fast growth has occurred especially in countries in the midst of rapid social-economic transitions. Most international comparisons focus on the adult population while analyses focusing on the child population are more limited. Using the methodology developed by Phillips and Sul [1], this paper studies the worldwide evolution of infant body mass index (BMI), overweight and obesity prevalence for a large sample of countries during the period 1975-2016. Our results indicate that the figures for BMI or the prevalence of obesity in different countries do not converge, while the opposite is the case for overweight prevalence in children. Furthermore, there is a non-linear relationship between obesity and income or human capital, indicating that low and middle-income countries require a strong initiative for health policies targeting obesity prevention.
Alteration of Bacterial Communities in Anterior Nares and Skin Sites of Patients Undergoing Arthroplasty Surgery: Analysis by 16S rRNA and Staphylococcal-Specific tuf Gene Sequencing
Authors: Iversen Søren , Johannesen Thor Bech , Ingham Anna Cäcilia , Edslev Sofie Marie , Tevell Staffan , Månsson Emeli , Nilsdotter-Augustinsson Åsa , Söderquist Bo , Stegger Marc , Andersen Paal Skytt
Published: November 2020

The aim was to study alterations of bacterial communities in patients undergoing hip or knee arthroplasty to assess the impact of chlorhexidine gluconate soap decolonisation and systemic antibiotic prophylaxis. A Swedish multicentre, prospective collection of samples obtained from elective arthroplasty patients (n=83) by swabbing anterior nares, skin sites in the groin and the site of planned surgery, before and after arthroplasty surgery, was analysed by 16S rRNA (V3-V4) gene sequencing and a complementary targeted tuf gene sequencing approach to comprehensively characterise alterations in staphylococcal communities. Significant reductions in alpha diversity was detected for both bacterial (p=0.04) and staphylococcal (p=0.03) groin communities after arthroplasty surgery with significant reductions in relative Corynebacterium (p=0.001) abundance and S. hominis (p=0.01) relative staphylococcal abundance. In nares, significant reductions occurred for S. hominis (p=0.02), S. haemolyticus (p=0.02), and S. pasteuri (p=0.003) relative to other staphylococci. S. aureus colonised 35% of anterior nares before and 26% after arthroplasty surgery. S. epidermidis was the most abundant staphylococcal species at all sampling sites. No bacterial genus or staphylococcal species increased significantly after arthroplasty surgery. Application of a targeted tuf gene sequencing approach provided auxiliary staphylococcal community profiles and allowed species-level characterisation directly from low biomass clinical samples.
Monitoring Viral Entry in Real-Time Using a Luciferase Recombinant Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Producing SARS-CoV-2, EBOV, LASV, CHIKV, and VSV Glycoproteins
Authors: Lay Mendoza Maria Fernanda , Acciani Marissa Danielle , Levit Courtney Nina , Santa Maria Christopher , Brindley Melinda Ann
Published: November 2020

Viral entry is the first stage in the virus replication cycle and, for enveloped viruses, is mediated by virally encoded glycoproteins. Viral glycoproteins have different receptor affinities and triggering mechanisms. We employed vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), a BSL-2 enveloped virus that can incorporate non-native glycoproteins, to examine the entry efficiencies of diverse viral glycoproteins. To compare glycoprotein-mediated entry efficiencies of: VSV G, SARS-CoV-2 S, EBOV GP, LASV GP, and CHIKV E we produced recombinant VSV (rVSV) viruses that produce the five glycoproteins. The rVSV virions encoded a nano luciferase-PEST (NLucP) reporter gene, which we used in combination with the live-cell substrate Endurazine™ to monitor viral entry kinetics in real time. Our data indicate that rVSV particles with glycoproteins that require more post-internalization priming typically demonstrate delayed entry in comparison to VSV G. In addition to determining the time required for each virus to complete entry, we also used our system to evaluate viral cell surface receptor preferences, monitor fusion, and elucidate endocytosis mechanisms. This system can be rapidly employed to examine diverse viral glycoproteins and their entry requirements.
Beyond Microcystins: Cyanobacterial Extracts Induce Cytoskeletal Alterations in Rice Root Cells
Authors: Pappas Dimitris , Panou Manthos , Adamakis Ioannis-Dimosthenis S. , Gkelis Spyros , Panteris Emmanuel
Published: November 2020

Microcystins (MCs) are cyanobacterial toxins and potent inhibitors of protein phosphatases 1 (PP1) and 2A (PP2A), which are involved in plant cytoskeleton (microtubules and F-actin) organization. Therefore, studies on the toxicity of cyanobacterial products on plant cells have so far being focused on MCs. In this study, we investigated the effects of extracts from 16 (4 MC-producing and 12 non-MC-producing) cyanobacterial strains from several habitats, on various enzymes (PP1, trypsin, elastase), on the plant cytoskeleton and H2O2 levels in Oryza sativa (rice) root cells. Seedling roots were treated for various time periods (1, 12 and 24h) with aqueous cyanobacterial extracts and underwent either immunostaining for α-tubulin or staining of F-actin with fluorescent phalloidin. DCF-DA staining was performed for H2O2 imaging. The enzyme assays confirmed the bioactivity of the extracts of not only MC-rich (MC+), but also MC-devoid (MC-) extracts, which induced major time-dependent alterations on both components of the plant cytoskeleton. These findings suggest that a broad spectrum of bioactive cyanobacterial compounds, apart from MCs or other known cyanotoxins (such as cylindrospermopsin), can affect plants by disrupting the cytoskeleton.
UZAKTAN EĞİTİM İŞ SÜRECİNİN EĞİTİM 4.0 PERSPEKTİFİYLE YENİDEN YAPILANDIRILMASI: KİLİS 7 ARALIK ÜNİVERSİTESİ ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: AKTÜRK Cemal
Published: November 2020

Endüstri 4.0’ın etkileriyle bilişim sistemlerinin verileri kaydetme ve işleme gibi fonksiyonları; bilgiyi anlama ve yorumlama ve otonom karar verme gibi fonksiyonlara dönüşmüştür. Üretim alanındaki bu dönüşüm eğilimi; enerji, eğitim, sağlık gibi bilişim sistemlerinin kullanıldığı her alanda hızla uygulanmaya başlamıştır. Bilgiyi üreten, kullanan ve yaygınlaştırmayı amaç edinen üniversiteler de Yükseköğretim Kurulu Başkanlığı’nın başlattığı dijital dönüşüm projesi ile bu akımda yer almaya başlamıştır. Üniversitelerin dijital dönüşümünde sadece eğitim-öğretim faaliyetlerinin yeni öğrenme yaklaşımlarıyla dijitalleştirilmesi değil, aynı zamanda tüm iş süreçlerinin, yazılım ve donanım altyapısının da bu yeni düzene uyarlanması gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmanın birinci aşamasında uzaktan eğitim iş sürecinin yeniden yapılandırılma süreci incelenmiştir. Bunun için Öğrenme Yönetim Sistemi (ÖYS)’nin yeniden yapılandırılarak Öğrenci Bilgi Sistemi (ÖBS) ile entegrasyonu anlatılmıştır. İkinci aşamada ise uzaktan eğitim uygulamaları ve ÖYS’nin kullanımı konusunda çevrimiçi bir anket uygulanarak öğrencilerin görüşleri incelenmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda öğrencilerin ÖYS’den orta düzeyde, ÖYS ve ÖBS için tek kullanıcı hesabı kullanmaktan ise yüksek düzeyde memnun oldukları ortaya çıkmıştır. Ayrıca öğrencilerin ÖYS ile etkileşimlerini arttırarak uzaktan eğitimdeki motivasyonlarını arttıracak çeşitli öneriler sunulmuştur. Yapılan çalışmada, bir üniversitede dijital dönüşüm projesi yaklaşımıyla uzaktan eğitim iş sürecinin iyileştirmesi ve sistemi kullanan tüm öğrencilerin görüşlerinin değerlendirilmesi açısından literatüre yeni bir bakış açısı kazandırmak amaçlanmıştır.
EXPLORATION OF AGENT-BASED SIMULATION: THE MULTIPLIER EFFECT OF ZAKAH ON ECONOMIC GROWTH
Authors: Putriani Diyah , Ghani Gairuzazmi Mat , Kartiwi Mira
Published: November 2020

Zakat plays an undeniably significant role in social life. The enforcement of zakah in early Islamic history is evidence that it is a powerful tool for fostering economic growth. The economy under the reign of Caliphate Umar Ibn Abdul Azis even achieved a surplus, with no one having the right to receive zakah. Recent studies have attempted to link the role of zakah and economic growth qualitatively by arguing that zakah can contribute to economic development. However, the extent to which it has a multiplier effect on economic growth has not been examined. Considering this research gap, this study examines such an effect on economic growth, as represented by Gross Domestic Product (GDP). To capture the full impact of zakah on aggregate production, two scenarios are conducted, namely the economy with and without zakah. The simulation results show that zakah can promote aggregate production. On the other hand, the economy experiences lower aggregate production when there is no zakah. An agent-based computational model (ABM) simulation is employed to run the simulation. The application of ABM in this study is intended to introduce the use of computational study as an alternative method of developing research in Islamic economics.
THE UTILISATION OF ISLAMIC FINTECH (I-FINTECH) IN PROMOTING SUSTAINABLE INCLUSIVE GROWTH: EVIDENCE FROM MICRO-ENTREPRENEURS IN MALAYSIA
Authors: Nik Azman Nik Hadiyan , Zabri Mohd Zaidi Md , Masron Tajul Ariffin , Malim Nurhafiza Abdul Kader
Published: November 2020

Information technology is fundamentally changing the world today. The power of technology applicable fastly in Islamic financial technology (i-Fintech), as it expands access to mobile financial services. This is evidenced by the increasing number of customers who interact using technology, especially micro-entrepreneurs, who adopt the tools into their business models to tap into this opportunity to enhance their income. Therefore, it is imperative to examine the impact of i-fintech use in stabilising micro-entrepreneurs’ income. A quantitative technique was employed through the use of 120 questionnaires distributed to micro-entrepreneurs who had adopted i-fintech into their business. Using Amos and SEM models, the study indicates that crowdfunding, mobile money and peer-to-peer lending play a significant role in ensuring income sustainability for micro-entrepreneurs. The study also discusses both the theoretical and managerial implications in comprehending the determinants of sustainable income growth in Malaysia. The findings should help practitioners, researchers and regulators to have better understanding of the dynamics between the potential of i-fintech and sustainable income.
Der Sanktionsrabatt im abgekürzten Verfahren
Authors: Albrecht Peter
Published: November 2020

In der wissenschaftlichen Diskussion über das abgekürzte Verfahren wird das zwischen den Parteien ausgehandelte Strafmass zuweilen vernachlässigt. Im Mittelpunkt steht dabei die Frage, wann und in welchem Umfang sich hier ein Sanktionsrabatt rechtfertigen lässt. Die vertiefte Erörterung dieser Thematik führt im Ergebnis zur Forderung eines Verzichts auf die in der Praxis gewährten grosszügigen Strafminderungen. Von hier aus kann man sogar noch einen Schritt weiter gehen und die kriminalpolitische Legitimation des gesetzlich geregelten Abspracheverfahrens insgesamt in Zweifel ziehen.
Socio-political processes must be emphasised alongside climate change and urbanisation as key drivers of urban water insecurity
Authors: Grasham Catherine Fallon , Neville George
Published: November 2020

Urban water security is of critical global and local importance. Across many parts of low- and middle-income countries, urban water security either remains elusive or is becoming stressed. Rapid urbanisation and climate change are two key drivers of resource insecurity and at the forefront of urban water discourse. However, there are manifold and complex socio-political processes functioning alongside these megatrends that are often underemphasised. Drawing on three urban case studies in Ethiopia, we highlight these structural issues and the need for their continued consideration to fully understand and address urban water insecurity. Household water-use surveys, semi-structured interviews and participatory exercises with community residents, stakeholders and informal water vendors were used as part of a mixed-method approach in three urban areas. We found that government-managed urban water supplies were intermittent and unsafe, resulting in economic, health and time-use burdens for households, and that the socio-political dimensions reproducing urban water insecurity have historical roots. We argue that the uncertainty of climate change and unprecedented urbanisation do not offer sufficient explanation for why urban water insecurity persists. Moreover, we call for caution in only employing these narratives, to avoid obscuring deeply rooted challenges within socio-political systems. We call for socio-political processes to continue to be a central component of future interventions that seek to improve urban water insecurity.
S-PLACE GA for optimal water quality sensor locations in water distribution network for dual purpose: regular monitoring and early contamination detection – a software tool for academia and practitioner
Authors: Rathi Shweta
Published: November 2020

Security concerns about water distribution networks (WDNs) have led to increased interest in optimizing sensor locations in WDNs achieved through a calibrated hydraulic model. This paper presents a methodology, which consists of two stages. The first stage consists of calibration of a hydraulic model using a genetic algorithm (GA). A real-life network of one of the hydraulic zones of Nagpur city, India, is considered, which optimizes the settings of a throttled controlled valve at different timings for calibration. In this stage, a detailed case study, GA calibration model, methodology and results of calibrated models are discussed. The second stage consists of identifying optimal sensor locations using a newly developed software tool named ‘S-PLACE GA’ and its efficiency and effectiveness are discussed. It can be used for the dual purpose of routine monitoring of water quality and for early detection of contamination. The optimal locations are obtained considering two objective metrics, ‘Demand Coverage’ and ‘Time-Constrained Detection Likelihood’. These two objectives are combined into a single objective by using weights. Key features, input data required for the software and their applications on (1) BWSN network 1 and result comparison with others and (2) calibrated model of the first stage are discussed. Results showed the effectiveness of S-PLACE GA for practical applications.
Antileishmanial Drug Development: A Review of Modern Molecular Chemical Tools and Research Strategies
Authors: Mantravadi Pavan K. , Parthasarathy Anutthaman , Kalesh Karunakaran
Published: November 2020

Leishmaniasis, a complex disease caused by at least 20 species of unicellular
parasites of the genus Leishmania, disproportionately affects impoverished regions of
about 90 tropical and sub-tropical countries. Currently available antileishmanial therapies,
particularly for visceral leishmaniasis, are severely limited, with treatment outcome
depending on many factors, including the immune status of the patient, comorbidities,
malnutrition, and socio-economic conditions in the patient’s geographic location. There
is an urgent need for new therapeutics, particularly new effective oral drugs, for visceral
leishmaniasis. Despite the availability of the Leishmania genome sequence information
and significant research into the biology of the parasites, antileishmanial drug development
is hampered by the lack of knowledge about druggable targets in the parasite and
difficulties in identifying the molecular targets of compounds that show activity. In this
context, we analyzed recent progress in antileishmanial drug development programs,
which take advantage of different powerful approaches, such as high-throughput screening
of compound libraries, recent developments in genetic methods for assessing essentiality
of parasite genes, and chemical, genetic, and proteomics-based target discovery
and target validation methods.
Ontology-based Precision Vaccinology for Deep Mechanism Understanding and Precision Vaccine Development
Authors: Xie Jiangan , Zi Wenrui , Li Zhangyong , He Yongqun
Published: November 2020

:

Vaccination is one of the most important innovations in human history. It has also become a hot research area in a new application - the development of new vaccines against non-infectious diseases such as cancers. However, effective and safe vaccines still do not exist for many diseases, and where vaccines exist, their protective immune mechanisms are often unclear. Although licensed vaccines are generally safe, various adverse events, and sometimes severe adverse events, still exist for a small population. Precision medicine tailors medical intervention to the personal characteristics of individual patients or sub-populations of individuals with similar immunity-related characteristics. Precision vaccinology is a new strategy that applies precision medicine to the development, administration, and post-administration analysis of vaccines. Several conditions contribute to make this the right time to embark on the development of precision vaccinology. First, the increased level of research in vaccinology has generated voluminous “big data” repositories of vaccinology data. Secondly, new technologies such as multi-omics and immunoinformatics bring new methods for investigating vaccines and immunology. Finally, the advent of AI and machine learning software now makes possible the marriage of Big Data to the development of new vaccines in ways not possible before. However, something is missing in this marriage, and that is a common language that facilitates the correlation, analysis, and reporting nomenclature for the field of vaccinology. Solving this bioinformatics problem is the domain of applied biomedical ontology. Ontology in the informatics field is human- and machine-interpretable representation of entities and the relations among entities in a specific domain. The Vaccine Ontology (VO) and Ontology of Vaccine Adverse Events (OVAE) have been developed to support the standard representation of vaccines, vaccine components, vaccinations, host responses, and vaccine adverse events. Many other biomedical ontologies have also been developed and can be applied in vaccine research. Here, we review the current status of precision vaccinology and how ontological development will enhance this field, and propose an ontology-based precision vaccinology strategy to support precision vaccine research and development.
DBP-PSSM: Combination of Evolutionary Profiles with the XGBoost Algorithm to Improve the Identification of DNA-binding Proteins
Authors: Zhang Yanping , Chen Pengcheng , Gao Ya , Ni Jianwei , Wang Xiaosheng
Published: November 2020

Background and Objective:

DNA-binding proteins play important roles in a variety of
biological processes, such as gene transcription and regulation, DNA replication and repair, DNA
recombination and packaging, and the formation of chromatin and ribosomes. Therefore, it is urgent
to develop a computational method to improve the recognition efficiency of DNA-binding proteins.

Method:

We proposed a novel method, DBP-PSSM, which constructed the features from amino
acid composition and evolutionary information of protein sequences. The maximum relevance,
minimum redundancy (mRMR) was employed to select the optimal features for establishing the
XGBoost classifier, therefore, the novel model of prediction DNA-binding proteins, DBP-PSSM,
was established with 5-fold cross-validation on the training dataset.

Results:

DBP-PSSM achieved an accuracy of 81.18% and MCC of 0.657 in a test dataset, which
outperformed the many existing methods. These results demonstrated that our method can
effectively predict DNA-binding proteins.

Conclusion:

The data and source code are provided at https://github.com/784221489/DNA-binding.