bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Understanding enhanced mechanical stability of DNA in the presence of intercalated anticancer drug: Implications for DNA associated processes
Authors: Sahoo Anil Kumar , Bagchi Biman , Maiti Prabal K.
Published: October 2019

Most of the anticancer drugs bind to double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) by intercalative-binding mode. Although experimental studies have become available recently, a molecular-level understanding of the interactions between the drug and dsDNA that lead to the stability of the intercalated drug is lacking. Of particular interest are the modifications of the mechanical properties of dsDNA observed in experiments. The latter could affect many biological functions, such as DNA transcription and replication. Here, we probe, via all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, the change in the mechanical properties of intercalated drug–DNA complexes for two intercalators, daunomycin and ethidium. We find that, upon drug intercalation, the stretch modulus of DNA increases significantly, whereas its persistence length and bending modulus decrease. Steered MD simulations reveal that it requires higher forces to stretch the intercalated dsDNA complexes than the normal dsDNA. Adopting various pulling protocols to study force-induced DNA melting, we find that the dissociation of dsDNA becomes difficult in the presence of intercalators. The results obtained here provide a plausible mechanism of function of the anticancer drugs, i.e., via altering the mechanical properties of DNA. We also discuss long-time consequences of using these drugs, which require further in vivo investigations.
Effect of size disparity on the structure and dynamics of the small component in concentrated binary colloidal mixtures
Authors: Martinez-Sotelo E. , Escobedo-Sánchez M. A. , Laurati M.
Published: October 2019

We determined, using confocal microscopy, the structure and dynamics of the small component in concentrated binary colloidal mixtures with moderate and large size ratios and different compositions of Polymethyl methacrylate particles. We show that when increasing the content of small spheres at fixed total volume fraction, a transition in the local environment of the small particles is observed, from a mixed environment of other small and large particles to a local environment of only small particles. The transition is rather abrupt for moderate size ratios, while it becomes particularly broad for large size ratios. This can be associated with the improved ability of the small particles to pack in between the large particles for larger size ratios. The dynamics reflect the transition with an increase of the mobility observed at intermediate mixing. This increase becomes particularly pronounced for large size ratios, leading to diffusive dynamics of the small particles, in agreement with predictions of theories of the glass transition in binary hard-sphere mixtures. The composition at which the fastest dynamics are observed is apparently independent of the size ratio.
Hybrid membrane resonators with fluid permeable cavity
Authors: Zhou Zhenwei , Wu Jiaming , Yang Zhiyu
Published: October 2019

We report the design and the experimental realization of perfect absorption of acoustic waves by a hybrid membrane resonator with air permeable membranes and demonstrate that hybrid membrane resonators with a leaky cavity can also achieve perfect absorption. We further increase the leakage of the cavity by opening small holes on the back wall of the cavity and demonstrate how the high absorption of the device could be restored by changing the cavity volume. The device so created has one surface being very low reflection and the other being high reflection, while maintaining good transmission, making it a good candidate for devices with a large Willis coefficient as well.
Theoretical prediction of a highly responsive material: Spin fluctuations and superconductivity in FeNiB2 system
Authors: Wang Renhai , Sun Yang , Antropov Vladimir , Lin Zijing , Wang Cai-Zhuang , Ho Kai-Ming
Published: October 2019

By analyzing the Fe-Ni-B compositional diagram, we predict an energetically and dynamically stable FeNiB2 compound. This system belongs to the class of highly responsive state of materials, as it is very sensitive to the external perturbations. This state is also characterized by a high level of spin fluctuations, which strongly influence possible magnetic long- and short-range orders. Furthermore, we demonstrate that these antiferromagnetically dominating fluctuations could lead to the appearance of spin mediated superconductivity. The obtained results suggest a promising avenue for the search of strong spin fluctuation systems and related superconductors.
Spin Hall magnetoresistance sensor using AuxPt1−x as the spin-orbit torque biasing layer
Authors: Xu Yanjun , Yang Yumeng , Xie Hang , Wu Yihong
Published: October 2019

We report on investigation of a spin Hall magnetoresistance sensor based on NiFe/AuxPt1−x bilayers. Compared to NiFe/Pt, the NiFe/AuxPt1−x sensor exhibits a much lower power consumption (reduced by about 57%) due to 80% enhancement of spin-orbit torque efficiency of AuxPt1−x at an optimum composition of x = 0.19 as compared to pure Pt. The enhanced spin-orbit torque efficiency allows us to increase the thickness of NiFe from 1.8 nm to 2.5 nm without significantly increasing the power consumption. We show that, by increasing the NiFe thickness, we were able to improve the working field range (±0.86 Oe), operation temperature range (150 °C), and detectivity (0.71 nT/Hz at 1 Hz) of the sensor, which is important for practical applications.
Singlet exciton fission via an intermolecular charge transfer state in coevaporated pentacene-perfluoropentacene thin films
Authors: Kim Vincent O. , Broch Katharina , Belova Valentina , Chen Y. S. , Gerlach Alexander , Schreiber Frank , Tamura Hiroyuki , Della Valle Raffaele Guido , D’Avino Gabriele , Salzmann Ingo , Beljonne David , Rao Akshay , Friend Richard
Published: October 2019

Singlet exciton fission is a spin-allowed process in organic semiconductors by which one absorbed photon generates two triplet excitons. Theory predicts that singlet fission is mediated by intermolecular charge-transfer states in solid-state materials with appropriate singlet-triplet energy spacing, but direct evidence for the involvement of such states in the process has not been provided yet. Here, we report on the observation of subpicosecond singlet fission in mixed films of pentacene and perfluoropentacene. By combining transient spectroscopy measurements to nonadiabatic quantum-dynamics simulations, we show that direct excitation in the charge-transfer absorption band of the mixed films leads to the formation of triplet excitons, unambiguously proving that they act as intermediate states in the fission process.
Soil biodiversity and biogeochemical function in managed ecosystems
Authors: Chen X. D. , Dunfield K. E. , Fraser T. D. , Wakelin S. A. , Richardson A. E. , Condron L. M.
Published: October 2019

A complex combination of environmental, biological, chemical, and physical properties and processes determine soil biodiversity and its relationship to biogeochemical functions and ecosystem services. Vegetation, land-use, and land management, in turn, influence diversity and function in the soil ecosystem. The objective of this review was to assess how different land-use systems (crop production, animal production, and planted forest) affect soil biodiversity, and how consequent changes in soil biodiversity influence energy (carbon) and nutrient dynamics. Deficiencies in understanding relationships between soil biodiversity and biogeochemical function in managed ecosystems are highlighted, along with the need to investigate how diversity influences specific processes across different functional groups and trophic levels. The continued development and application of molecular techniques and data informatics with descriptive approaches will contribute to advancing our understanding of soil biodiversity and function in managed agricultural and forest ecosystems.
Effects of crop residues composts on the fractions and forms of organic carbon and nitrogen in subtropical Indian conditions
Authors: Moharana P. C. , Biswas D. R. , Ghosh Avijit , Sarkar Abhijit , Bhattacharyya Ranjan , Meena M. D.
Published: October 2019

Management of enormous amounts of crop residues generated from increased crop productivities is a serious issue and could be dealt with by composting. Understanding the effects of such compost application on soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycles is important for assessing acceptable organic sources for a particular region. We appraised the sensitivity indices and C and N pools in soils amended with full and 50% substitution of mineral fertilisers with rock phosphate enriched composts prepared from rice straw, mustard stover and tree leaves under a four-year-old wheat (Triticum aestivum)–green gram (Vigna radiata) cropping sequence in an Inceptisol. Results revealed that total organic C (TOC) increased by ~37 and 49% under tree leaf compost and tree leaf compost + 50% NPK-treated plots respectively, over unfertilised control in wheat. However, the corresponding increases were ~33 and 36% over control for green gram. The very labile C pool was more sensitive to management than TOC and less labile C. After wheat, significant improvements in total N, labile N and mineral N were found in plots receiving enriched composts applied either alone or in combination with 50% NPK. The carbon management index (CMI), nitrogen management index (NMI) and microbial C:N ratio were similar in soils amended with rice straw compost + 50% NPK, mustard stover compost + 50% NPK and tree leaves compost + 50% NPK, indicating suitability of all three organic sources in this zone. The highest values of CMI (219) and NMI (274) were maintained in mustard stover compost + 50% NPK and rice straw compost + 50% NPK-treated plots respectively. All enriched composts + 50% NPK plots had sensitivity indices (of different C and N pools) either nearer to or higher than 100% NPK plots, implying that the present integrated nutrient management with enriched composts + 50% NPK could sustain crop production and thus could be recommended.
Harvesting synergy from sustainable development goal interactions
Authors: Pedercini Matteo , Arquitt Steve , Collste David , Herren Hans
Published: October 2019

Significance

The sustainable development goals (SDGs) offer the global community a compelling vision and universally agreed-upon framework to achieve a sustainable and equitable future—but present a costly undertaking in the short term. Our research suggests that synergetic effects arising from appropriately designed policy mixes can bring significant cost savings and improve SDG attainment. Identifying and quantifying synergies requires innovative and unorthodox approaches to policy analysis such as those operationalized in our 3 pilots. The synergy assessment method and typology introduced in this paper are widely applicable, even though the patterns of synergies vary considerably between countries. Our pilot studies focus on national policy for the SDGs. Our approach is nevertheless generalizable to integrated planning at other scales and time horizons.
A century of research on conscientiousness at work
Authors: Wilmot Michael P. , Ones Deniz S.
Published: October 2019

Significance

Conscientiousness (C) is the most potent noncognitive predictor of occupational performance. However, questions remain about how C relates to a plethora of occupational variables, what its defining characteristics and functions are in occupational settings, and whether its performance relation differs across occupations. To answer these questions, we quantitatively review 92 meta-analyses reporting relations to 175 occupational variables. Across variables, results reveal a substantial mean effect of

ρ
¯

M

=
20
.

We then use results to synthesize 10 themes that characterize C in occupational settings. Finally, we discover that performance effects of C are weaker in high-complexity versus low- to moderate-complexity occupations. Thus, for optimal occupational performance, we encourage decision makers to match C’s goal-directed motivation and behavioral restraint to more predictable environments.
Quantifying the impact of treatment history on plasmid-mediated resistance evolution in human gut microbiota
Authors: Tepekule Burcu , Abel zur Wiesch Pia , Kouyos Roger D. , Bonhoeffer Sebastian
Published: October 2019

To understand how antibiotic use affects the risk of a resistant infection, we present a computational model of the population dynamics of gut microbiota including antibiotic resistance-conferring plasmids. We then describe how this model is parameterized based on published microbiota data. Finally, we investigate how treatment history affects the prevalence of resistance among opportunistic enterobacterial pathogens. We simulate treatment histories and identify which properties of prior antibiotic exposure are most influential in determining the prevalence of resistance. We find that resistance prevalence can be predicted by 3 properties, namely the total days of drug exposure, the duration of the drug-free period after last treatment, and the center of mass of the treatment pattern. Overall this work provides a framework for capturing the role of the microbiome in the selection of antibiotic resistance and highlights the role of treatment history for the prevalence of resistance.
The dissociation mechanism of processive cellulases
Authors: Vermaas Josh V. , Kont Riin , Beckham Gregg T. , Crowley Michael F. , Gudmundsson Mikael , Sandgren Mats , Ståhlberg Jerry , Väljamäe Priit , Knott Brandon C.
Published: October 2019

Cellulase enzymes deconstruct recalcitrant cellulose into soluble sugars, making them a biocatalyst of biotechnological interest for use in the nascent lignocellulosic bioeconomy. Cellobiohydrolases (CBHs) are cellulases capable of liberating many sugar molecules in a processive manner without dissociating from the substrate. Within the complete processive cycle of CBHs, dissociation from the cellulose substrate is rate limiting, but the molecular mechanism of this step is unknown. Here, we present a direct comparison of potential molecular mechanisms for dissociation via Hamiltonian replica exchange molecular dynamics of the model fungal CBH,
Trichoderma reesei
Cel7A. Computational rate estimates indicate that stepwise cellulose dethreading from the binding tunnel is 4 orders of magnitude faster than a clamshell mechanism, in which the substrate-enclosing loops open and release the substrate without reversing. We also present the crystal structure of a disulfide variant that covalently links substrate-enclosing loops on either side of the substrate-binding tunnel, which constitutes a CBH that can only dissociate via stepwise dethreading. Biochemical measurements indicate that this variant has a dissociation rate constant essentially equivalent to the wild type, implying that dethreading is likely the predominant mechanism for dissociation.
Self-renewing endometrial epithelial organoids of the human uterus
Authors: Fitzgerald Harriet C. , Dhakal Pramod , Behura Susanta K. , Schust Danny J. , Spencer Thomas E.
Published: October 2019

The human endometrium is essential in providing the site for implantation and maintaining the growth and survival of the conceptus. An unreceptive endometrium and disrupted maternal−conceptus interactions can cause infertility due to pregnancy loss or later pregnancy complications. Despite this, the role of uterine glands in first trimester human pregnancy is little understood. An established organoid protocol was used to generate and comprehensively analyze 3-dimensional endometrial epithelial organoid (EEO) cultures from human endometrial biopsies. The derived EEO expand long-term, are genetically stable, and can be cryopreserved. Using endometrium from 2 different donors, EEO were derived and then treated with estrogen (E2) for 2 d or E2 and medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) for 6 d. EEO cells were positive for the gland marker, FOXA2, and exhibited appropriate hormonal regulation of steroid hormone receptor expression. Real-time qPCR and bulk RNA-sequencing analysis revealed effects of hormone treatment on gene expression that recapitulated changes in proliferative and secretory phase endometrium. Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis revealed that several different epithelial cell types are present in the EEO whose proportion and gene expression changed with hormone treatment. The EEO model serves as an important platform for studying the physiology and pathology of the human endometrium.
Interlayer distance effects on absorption coefficient and refraction index change in p-type double-δ-doped GaAs quantum wells*
Authors: Noverola-Gamas H , Gaggero-Sager L M , Oubram O
Published: October 2019

In the framework of the Thomas–Fermi (TF) approach, a model for the p-type double-δ-doped (DDD) system in GaAs is presented. This model, unlike other works in the literature, takes into account that the Poisson equation associated with the system is nonlinear. The electronic structure is calculated for heavy and light holes. The changes in the electronic structure result of the distance d between the doped layers are studied. In particular, the relative absorption coefficient as well as the relative refractive index change is calculated as a function of the incident photon energy for heavy holes. The effect of the interlayer distance exhibits, in the absorption coefficient, a red shift of the peak position and a decrease in amplitude when the distance increases. In addition, the relative refractive index change node has a red shift as well as the interlayer distance increases. The calculations show that the effect of the separation between layers has a greater influence on the linear terms. These results are very important for theoretical calculations and engineering of optical and electronic devices based in δ-doped GaAs.
Estimation of tungsten production from the upper divertor in EAST during edge localized modes*
Authors: Ou Jing , Xiang Nong , Men Zong-Zheng , Zhang Ling , Xu Ji-Chan , Gao Wei
Published: October 2019

During edge localized modes (ELMs), the sheath evolution in front of the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST) upper divertor is studied to estimate the sputtered tungsten (W) atoms from the divertor target. A large potential drop across the sheath is formed during ELMs by compared with inter-ELMs, and the maximum of sheath potential drop can exceed one thousand of eV in current EAST operation. Due to the enhancement of the sheath potential drop during ELMs, the W physical sputtering yield from the deuterium (D) ions and the impurity ions on the upper divertor target is found to be significant. It is established that the sputtered W yield during ELMs is at least higher by an order of magnitude than inter-ELMs, and D ions and carbon (C) ions are the main ions governing the W production for the current H-mode with ELMs discharges. With increase in the pedestal electron temperature, the maximum of the D and C ion impact energy during ELMs shows a nearly linear increase, and the D ions have sufficient impact energy to cause the strong W physical sputtering. As a consequence, the D ions may dominate the sputtered W flux from the divertor target when the C concentration is controlled less than one percent for the higher heating power H-mode with ELM discharges in near future.
Quantum Monte Carlo with the Langevin Equation: Coupled Bose-Fermi Systems
Authors: George Batrouni G. , Scalettar Richard T.
Published: October 2019

We describe the algorithmic details and a performance evaluation of a Langevin approach to a strongly interacting electron-phonon system, and show it has a near linear scaling with lattice size N

s
. Many of the limitations of previous attempts to employ such methods to condensed matter lattice Hamiltonians are absent. In particular, the iterative linear algebra solution remains well behaved at strong coupling and low temperatures. The use of Fourier Acceleration is crucial for efficiency, and its use makes the method competitive with the widely-used local update methods, which scale as

N
s
3

for on-site interactions and

N
s
4

for long range electron-phonon coupling, even on rather small lattice sizes.
The Angular Fractal Dimension in Galaxy’s Distributions
Authors: Khalifa Loay , Pando Jesùs
Published: October 2019

The study of large scale structure (LSS) of the Universe has entered a precision era due to all-sky surveys and numerical simulations. The new data has provided a way to bring new methods to bear to analyze the cosmology as probed by large scale structure. We use wavelet packets to investigate fractal point-processes on galactic scales. In particular, we develop a method to calculate the angular fractal dimension of galaxy distributions as a function of cosmological comoving distance. Taking advantage of the self-similarity and localization properties of discrete wavelets, we compute the angular fractal dimension of galaxies in narrow redshift bins. The narrow bins assure that dynamical evolution in the range being studied has not occurred to a significant extent. We use both real and simulated data from the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) and the Mock Galaxy Catalogs produced by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). Using the wavelet packet power spectrum, we find areas in the galaxy distribution which have power law like behavior indicating fractal processes are present. The exponent of the power law is the Hurst exponent H, which is directly related to the fractal dimension of spatial point processes. We find the fractal dimension ranges from D = 1.1 to D = 1.4 for BOSS Galaxies while it ranges from D = 1.4 to D = 1.8 for Mock Galaxy Catalogs. The results are mildly dependent on the number of galaxies present in each redshift bin and less so on the resolution at which the data is binned. We conclude that this method can be used to characterize large scale structure and its evolution as a function of redshift. There are hints that the galaxy distribution may be fractal at higher redshifts than previously reported, however more data is necessary before a firmer conclusion is reached.
Electronic properties of binary compounds with high fidelity and high throughput
Authors: Das Protik , Bazhirov Timur
Published: October 2019

We present example applications of an approach to high-throughput first-principles calculations of the electronic properties of materials implemented within the Exabyte.io platform[1, 2]. We deploy computational techniques based on the Density Functional Theory with both Generalized Gradient Approximation (GGA) and Hybrid Screened Exchange (HSE) in order to extract the electronic band gaps and band structures for a set of 775 binary compounds. We find that for HSE, the average relative error fits within 22%, whereas for GGA it is 49%. We find the average calculation time on an up-to-date server centrally available from a public cloud provider to fit within 1.2 and 36 hours for GGA and HSE, respectively. The results and the associated data, including the materials and simulation workflows, are standardized and made available online in an accessible, repeatable and extensible setting.
A Wannier orbital based method for resonant inelastic x-ray scattering simulation
Authors: Jia Chunjing
Published: October 2019

We report an algorithm for simulating oxygen K-edge RIXS for weakly correlated systems, using maximally localized Wannier functions as the basis set. The N-electron wavefunctions are formulated using single Slater determinants, and many-body effects are treated explicitly at the dipole matrix element level. The simulated results for oxygen K-edge RIXS from solid state Li2CO3 matches well with the experimental data. Aside from being efficient and reasonably accurate, this algorithm also shows potential to extend to more complex RIXS problems.
Driving force dependence of the height of a faceted macrostep in non-equilibrium steady-state crystal growth
Authors: Akutsu Noriko
Published: October 2019

In order to understand the dynamics of the self-organized macrosteps, the vicinal surface with faceted macrosteps is studied by the Monte Carlo method based on a microscopic lattice model, the restricted solid-on-solid model with point-contact-type step-step attraction (p-RSOS model). We focus on the dynamical effects caused by the change of the surface roughness or the change of the kink density which are masked by the effect of the surface and volume diffusion of the crystal atoms in the ambient phase. Contrast to the step-bunching in the diffusion-limited cases, the height of the faceted macrostep decreases as the driving force for the crystal growth increases.
Crambin Homologues in the H0P Lattice Model
Authors: Zhang Zewen , Farris Alfred C.K. , Shi Guangjie , Wüst Thomas , Landau David P.
Published: October 2019

To compare folding behavior among lattice proteins which have similar corresponding structures in nature, Crambin homologues are tested in the semi-flexible H0P lattice model using replica-exchange Wang-Landau sampling. Our simulation shows that, at low temperature, these lattice homologues have two common signals in their specific heat curves, implying similarity in the thermodynamic behaviors; while the structural behaviors are more diverse, showing the different stability of their ground state structures at very low temperature. The ground state structures of different homologues can also vary dramatically.
Quantum chemical analysis of reaction indices and reaction path for drug molecules
Authors: Otsuka Takao , Okimoto Noriaki , Saito Hiroaki , Taiji Makoto
Published: October 2019

We performed a quantum chemical study on evaluating chemical reactivity for drug molecules in Cytochrome P450 (CYP) metabolic reaction. In this study, we focused on two insights for analysing the chemical reactivity: one is the Fukui reaction indices for a molecule, and the other is the minimum energy paths of hydrogen transition reaction between drug molecule and FeO-Porphyrin ring part on the CYP metabolic reaction. The Fukui indices are obtained numerically by using the familiar population analysis method in quantum chemical calculations. We performed the assessments of some population analyses to clarify the numerical behaviour clearly and then evaluated the potential of the reactivity of drug molecule. On the other hand, in the analysis of the minimum energy path for the CYP metabolic reaction, we performed the nudged elastic band (NEB) calculations for the hydrogen transition reaction in the first step of the CYP metabolic reaction. We report the findings for the reactivity from the Fukui indices method and also show the NEB results for the reaction paths.
Tunneling Dynamics of interacting bosons in a quantum seesaw potential
Authors: Dutta Sunayana , Chatterjee Budhaditya , Mishra Pankaj Kumar , Lode Axel U. J. , Tsatsos Marios C. , Basu Saurabh
Published: October 2019

We study the tunneling dynamics of N = 10 one-dimensional interacting bosons confined in a temporally driven double well potential that imitates a quantum seesaw and how we can manipulate these dynamics by changing the drive of the seesaw potential. We emulate the seesaw with a driven double well potential and consider two driving protocols: an harmonic constant-frequency drive and a chirped drive with linearly increasing frequency. We consider the time-dependent many-body Schrödinger equation of a repulsively interacting quasi-one-dimensional few-boson system. We solve it by using the multiconfigurational time-dependent Hartree method for bosons (MCTDHB) as implemented in the MCTDH-X software. For an harmonic drive and at small values of the driving amplitude, the dynamics of the particles become very slow rendering a stationary-like state. In a phase-space picture the population imbalance between the wells follows a trajectory which is restricted to a comparatively small region of space. For an harmonic drive at intermediate amplitudes, the dynamics become periodic in nature, implying that the bosons populate each of wells periodically. At comparatively large amplitudes of the harmonic drive, the dynamics show features of chaos in phase-space representation. For the chirped drive with a driving frequency increasing linearly in time, the imbalance of the atoms in the seesaw, however, has a temporal evolution that is faster for certain frequency ranges. The tunneling dynamics in such cases, for small amplitudes, show the appearance of quasi-periodicity with simultaneously present slow and fast oscillations. Increasing the amplitude of the chirped drive, we observe that the dynamics, although being periodic, become severely damped in their amplitude. Our study establishes that by tuning the temporal evolution of the quantum seesaw, a precise control of tunneling dynamics of the correlated bosons can be achieved. Since harmonic driving and chirp frequency modulation of the seesaw are experimentally achievable, our simulations can be experimentally realized in laboratories dealing with cold atomic gases.
Towards a mean-field kinetic model of electroweak baryogenesis
Authors: Montessori Andrea , Surungan Tasrief , Succi Sauro
Published: October 2019

We explore the dynamic symmetry breaking between the mass of two annihilating species entrapped within a condensing droplet of a third phase-changing species. The symmetry breaking is induced by different diffusivities and/or diffebet source terms acting at the droplet interface. Potential implications for the problem of electroweak baryogenesis are sketched out.
Construction of a one-parameter family of isospectral potential to study resonances in weakly bound halo nuclei
Authors: Hasan Mahamadun , Surungan Tasrief , Abdul Khan Md
Published: October 2019

In this paper, a novel theoretical scheme is presented to investigate resonant levels in weakly bound nuclear systems by the use of isospectral potentials. In this scheme, a new potential is constructed which is strictly isospectral with the original shallow-well potential and has properties which are desirable to make the calculation of resonances more accurate and easier. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the method, the first 0+ resonance in the neutron-rich 22C is calculated assuming a three-body (20C+n+n) cluster model.
Impact of Non-linear Boson Self-interaction on Dark Stars Properties
Authors: Rahmansyah A. , Sulaksono A.
Published: October 2019

We study the properties of dark stars using non-linear boson self-interaction models. These stars are compact objects formed from bosonic dark matter. We focus on the properties of dark stars such as the mass and radius relation, tidal deformation, and moment of inertia. In this work, bosonic dark particle mass is set to be 300 MeV and 400 MeV. The bosonic self-interaction potential models are |ϕ|4, cosh-Gordon and Liouville which have the same behavior at low densities but relative difference at high densities. Coupling constants on the corresponding self-interaction potentials are determined by the result of numerical simulations CCDM which requires ratio total cross-section to dark particle mass in the range of

0.1

c

m
2

g

≤

σ
M

≤
1

c

m
2

g

.
Testing Modified Gravity Theories by Constraining the Theories Parameter Using Radius and Mass Observations of Brown Dwarfs
Authors: Rosyadi A. S. , Sulaksono A.
Published: October 2019

Modified Gravity (MOG) theories modify Poisson equation in the Newtonian limit. This MOG is also important as test-bed to analyze whether General Relativity (GR) is consistent with observations. We investigate the mass and radius of Brown Dwarfs predicted by modified Poisson equation from Beyond Horndeski (BH) and Eddington-Inspired-Born-Infeld (EiBI) theories. Brown Dwarfs are sub-stellar objects that are difficult to be detected because of their low luminosity. One of the most important properties of brown dwarfs which recently observed by Johnson and Montet[1] are radii and masses. In this note, we derive the equation of state of the stars analytically, wherein electrons part, we use exact non-relativistic degenerate ideal Fermi gas result. We also derive modified hydrostatic stellar equation predicted by MOG theories and solve them numerically to obtain their profile and mass-radius relation for each parameter on both MOG theories. We compare our theoretical results with the ones obtained Johnson and Montet [1].
Tidal Love Numbers of Fermionic Dark Stars
Authors: Wahidin A. B. , Sulaksono A.
Published: October 2019

Dark star is a hypothetical stellar compact object composed of dark particles which clumped together due to self-interaction among dark particles. Tidal Love numbers from binary stars are potential observables for studying the internal structure of the stars. The Tidal Love numbers can be deduced from the gravitational wave of the coalescence or inspiral of binary stars. The ground base interferometer can measure the corresponding gravitational wave. In this work, we study the equation of state, mass-radius relation, electric, magnetic and surficial tidal love numbers of dark stars. We obtain that Tidal Love numbers are not too sensitive to study the role of scalar boson exchange and the impact of the mass of the dark particle in dark matter equation of state.
Finite Difference Method For Laplace Equation In Irregular Domain
Authors: Juarlin E.
Published: October 2019

Laplace equation on irregular domain has been solved by finite difference method. The program for calculating distribution of electric potential inside has been developed. Symmetrical Dirichlet boundary condition and Cartesius Coordinates are applied. A trapezoid and a quarter of a circle are chosen as irregular domain example. The contour of electric potential shows symmetrical result to its domain. The convergence and stability output program shows a good result.
Demonstrating open superstring amplitude relationship with Yang-Mills theory based on dual model limit
Authors: Barreiro Luiz Antonio , Amaro de Faria A C , Canone A M
Published: October 2019

This paper demonstrates the relationship between superstrings, Yang-Mills fields, and dual models. We discovered a novel and profound connection between these theories and their respective prescriptions for the calculation of scattering amplitudes, which directly demonstrates the duality between Field Theory and String Theory in a novel manner.
Clark measures on the torus
Authors: Doubtsov Evgueni
Published: October 2019

Let

D

\mathbb {D}

denote the unit disc of

C

\mathbb {C}

and let

T

=
∂

D

\mathbb {T}= \partial \mathbb {D}

. Given a holomorphic function

φ
:

D

n

→

D

\varphi : \mathbb {D}^n \to \mathbb {D}

,

n
≥
2

n\ge 2

, we study the corresponding family

σ
α

[
φ
]

\sigma _\alpha [\varphi ]

,

α
∈

T

\alpha \in \mathbb {T}

, of Clark measures on the torus

T

n

\mathbb {T}^n

. If

φ
\varphi

is an inner function, then we introduce and investigate related isometric operators

T
α

T_\alpha

mapping analogs of model spaces into

L
2

(

σ
α

)

L^2(\sigma _\alpha )

,

α
∈

T

\alpha \in \mathbb {T}

.
On schizophrenic patterns in 𝑏-ary expansions of some irrational numbers
Authors: Tóth László
Published: October 2019

In this paper we study the

b
b

-ary expansions of the square roots of the function defined by the recurrence

f
b

(
n
)
=
b

f
b

(
n
−
1
)
+
n

f_b(n)=b f_b(n-1)+n

with initial value

f
(
0
)
=
0

f(0)=0

taken at odd positive integers

n
n

, of which the special case

b
=
10

b=10

is often referred to as the “schizophrenic” or “mock-rational” numbers. Defined by Darling in

2004
2004

and studied in more detail by Brown in

2009
2009

, these irrational numbers have the peculiarity of containing long strings of repeating digits within their decimal expansion. The main contribution of this paper is the extension of schizophrenic numbers to all integer bases

b
≥
2

b\geq 2

by formally defining the schizophrenic pattern present in the

b
b

-ary expansion of these numbers and the study of the lengths of the non-repeating and repeating digit sequences that appear within.
Analytic 𝑚-isometries without the wandering subspace property
Authors: Anand Akash , Chavan Sameer , Trivedi Shailesh
Published: October 2019

The wandering subspace problem for an analytic norm-increasing

m
m

-isometry

T
T

on a Hilbert space

H

\mathcal {H}

asks whether every

T
T

-invariant subspace of

H

\mathcal {H}

can be generated by a wandering subspace. An affirmative solution to this problem for

m
=
1

m=1

is ascribed to Beurling-Lax-Halmos, while that for

m
=
2

m=2

is due to Richter. In this paper, we capitalize on the idea of weighted shift on a one-circuit directed graph to construct a family of analytic cyclic

3
3

-isometries which do not admit the wandering subspace property and which are norm-increasing on the orthogonal complement of a one-dimensional space. Further, on this one-dimensional space, their norms can be made arbitrarily close to

1
1

. We also show that if the wandering subspace property fails for an analytic norm-increasing

m
m

-isometry, then it fails miserably in the sense that the smallest

T
T

-invariant subspace generated by the wandering subspace is of infinite codimension.
Determined admissible sets
Authors: Aguilera J.
Published: October 2019

It is shown, from hypotheses in the region of

ω
2

\omega ^2

Woodin cardinals, that there is a transitive model of Kripke–Platek set theory containing

R

\mathbb {R}

in which all games on

R

\mathbb {R}

are determined.
Commensurations of subgroups of 𝑂𝑢𝑡(𝐹_{𝑁})
Authors: Horbez Camille , Wade Richard
Published: October 2019

A theorem of Farb and Handel [Publ. Math. Inst. Hautes Études Sci. 105 (2007), pp. 1–48] asserts that for

N
≥
4

N\ge 4

, the natural inclusion from

O
u
t

(

F
N

)

\mathrm {Out}(F_N)

into its abstract commensurator is an isomorphism. We give a new proof of their result, which enables us to generalize it to the case where

N
=
3

N=3

. More generally, we give sufficient conditions on a subgroup

Γ
\Gamma

of

O
u
t

(

F
N

)

\mathrm {Out}(F_N)

ensuring that its abstract commensurator

C
o
m
m

(
Γ
)

\mathrm {Comm}(\Gamma )

is isomorphic to its relative commensurator in

O
u
t

(

F
N

)

\mathrm {Out}(F_N)

. In particular, we prove that the abstract commensurator of the Torelli subgroup

I
A

N

\mathrm {IA}_N

for all

N
≥
3

N\ge 3

, or more generally any term of the Andreadakis–Johnson filtration if

N
≥
4

N\ge 4

, is equal to

O
u
t

(

F
N

)

\mathrm {Out}(F_N)

. Likewise, if

Γ
\Gamma

is the kernel of the natural map from

O
u
t

(

F
N

)

\mathrm {Out}(F_N)

to the outer automorphism group of a free Burnside group of rank

N
≥
3

N\geq 3

, then the natural map

O
u
t

(

F
N

)
→

C
o
m
m

(
Γ
)

\mathrm {Out}(F_N)\to \mathrm {Comm}(\Gamma )

is an isomorphism.
Hankel continued fractions and Hankel determinants of the Euler numbers
Authors: Han Guo-Niu
Published: October 2019

The Euler numbers occur in the Taylor expansion of

tan
⁡
(
x
)
+
sec
⁡
(
x
)

\tan (x)+\sec (x)

. Since Stieltjes, continued fractions and Hankel determinants of the even Euler numbers, on the one hand, of the odd Euler numbers, on the other hand, have been widely studied separately. However, no Hankel determinants of the (mixed) Euler numbers have been obtained. The reason for that is that some Hankel determinants of the Euler numbers are null. This implies that the Jacobi continued fraction of the Euler numbers does not exist. In the present paper, this obstacle is bypassed by using the Hankel continued fraction, instead of the

J
J

-fraction. Consequently, an explicit formula for the Hankel determinants of the Euler numbers is being derived, as well as a full list of Hankel continued fractions and Hankel determinants involving Euler numbers. Finally, a new

q
q

-analog of the Euler numbers

E
n

(
q
)

E_n(q)

based on our continued fraction is proposed. We obtain an explicit formula for

E
n

(
−
1
)

E_n(-1)

and prove a conjecture by R. J. Mathar on these numbers.
Glucocorticoids and myosin5b loss of function induce heightened PKA signaling in addition to membrane traffic defects
Authors: Forteza Radia , Ahsan M. Kaimul , Cartón-García Fernando , Arango Diego , Ameen Nadia A. , Salas Pedro J.
Published: October 2019

Loss-of-function mutations in myosin Vb lead to defects in apical membrane traffic in enterocytes in microvillus inclusion disease. This work shows that decreased numbers of apical CFTR molecules are more active for Cl−secretion resulting in profuse diarrhea because of PKA activation in the presence of physiological glucocorticoid concentrations.
Chlamydomonas reinhardtiiformin FOR1 and profilin PRF1 are optimized for acute rapid actin filament assembly
Authors: Christensen Jenna R. , Craig Evan W. , Glista Michael J. , Mueller David M. , Li Yujie , Sees Jennifer A. , Huang Shengping , Suarez Cristian , Mets Laurens J. , Kovar David R. , Avasthi Prachee
Published: October 2019

An algal profilin PRF1 inhibits actin filament nucleation and elongation at low concentrations that can be overcome by the formin FOR1 for rapid actin assembly. FOR1 is required for assembly of a mating structure in gametic algal cells. Together, FOR1 and PRF1 cooperate to selectively assemble F-actin at the right time and place.
Energy Policy and European Union Politics
Authors: Herranz-Surrallés Anna
Published: October 2019

Energy policy has been considered as a “special case of Europeanization,” due to its tardy and patchy development as a domain of EU activity as well as its important but highly contested external dimension. Divergent energy pathways across Member States and the sensitivity of this policy domain have militated against a unified European Energy Policy. And yet, since the mid-2000s cooperation in this policy area has picked up speed, leading to the adoption of the Energy Union, presented by the European Commission as the most ambitious energy initiative since the European Coal and Steel Community. This dynamism has attracted growing scholarly attention, seeking to determine whether, why and how European Energy Policy has consolidated against all odds during a particularly critical moment for European integration. The underlying question that emerges in this context is whether the Energy Union represents a step forward towards a more homogenous and joined-up energy policy or, rather a strategy to manage heterogeneity through greater flexibility and differentiated integration. Given the multilevel and multisectoral characteristics of energy policy, answering these questions requires a three-fold analysis of (1) the degree of centralization of European Energy Policy (vertical integration), (2) the coherence between energy sub-sectors (cross-sectoral integration), and (3) the territorial extension of the energy acquis beyond the EU Member States (horizontal integration). Taken together, the Energy Union has catalyzed integration on the three dimensions. First, EU institutions are formally involved in almost every aspect of energy policy, including sensitive areas such as ensuring energy supplies. Second, the Energy Union, with its new governance regulation, brings under one policy framework energy sub-sectors that had developed in silos. And finally, energy policy is the only sector that has generated a multilateral process dedicated to the integration of non-members into the EU energy market. However, this integrationist dynamic has also been accompanied by an increase in internal and external differentiation. Although structural forms of differentiation based on sectoral opt-outs and enhanced cooperation have been averted, European Energy Policy is an example of so-called “micro-differentiation,” characterized by flexible implementation, soft governance and tailor-made exemptions and derogations.
Legal and Policy Battles Over Same-Sex Relationships
Authors: Aloni Erez
Published: October 2019

Since the 1980s, lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) social movements worldwide have put significant energy into securing relationship rights. In the 1970s, however, the general sentiment in such movements in the Occident had been anti-marriage and anti-nuclear family. This changed in the 1980s due to three factors: the impact of HIV/AIDS, which emphasized how vulnerable same-sex families are; the rise of families headed by same-sex parents who did not have the same protections as their different-sex counterparts; and globalization, which transferred the ideas about same-sex relationships among movements and created energy and useful policy connections. During the 1990s, a wave of marriage alternatives spread around the world, sometimes extended by legislatures and other times by courts. The rise of alternatives has raised these questions: are they a temporary compromise on the path to marriage equality; are they a replacement for marriage that is free of its historical discriminatory heritage; or are they proposing an additional legal institution alongside marriage?

In the 2000s and since, marriage equality became realistic and more common as two dozen countries gradually extended marriage rights to same-sex couples, initially in Europe and North America, but later also in Australasia, in the entire Americas, and even—in fewer countries—in Asia and Africa. Incrementalism is the generally accepted theory for why progress occurs in some countries and delays in others. However, scholars have criticized the theory as descriptively inaccurate and, normatively, as portraying marriage as the final frontier for LGBTQ equality—thus contributing to that community’s emphasis on marriage equality to the neglect of other possible advocacy avenues. Further, the incrementalistic account should take into consideration that the path toward recognition is not linear and is international as well as national. Supranational courts have played an important role in the progress toward recognizing same-sex relationships; at the same time, the globalization of LGBTQ relationship rights has also resulted in a strong backlash and in regression in some countries.
Panama, Its Politics, and the Canal Against Itself
Authors: Castro H. Guillermo
Published: October 2019

The successful negotiation of the 1977 Torrijos–Carter Treaty inaugurated a new historical era in the Republic of Panama. Politically, the implementation of the Treaty from 1979 to 1999 transformed what, since 1903, had been a protectorate of the United States into a fully sovereign republic. Economically, the integration of the canal into Panama’s internal economy, and that of the country in the global market, created new opportunities for the development of the country. The treaty also put an end to the dispute between Panama and the United States over the control of the rent and revenues produced by the canal, transferring it to the government of the Republic of Panama, and so creating an unprecedented source of resources for investment. More than forty years on, however, Panama faced a combination of sustained (but uncertain) economic growth, persistent social inequity, constant environmental degradation, obsolescence of its institutional system, and increasing internal political tensions, all expressions of the contradiction between the natural organization of the territory of Panama, and the spatial organization of its economy, society and government imposed and maintained since the European conquest of the 16th century. This contradiction is also aggravated by the dispute over control of the canal rent between different sectors of Panamanian society. In short, the country is in a transition stage in its development, which may lead it to overcome the contradiction in developing into a prosperous and equitable republic, or into increasing conflicts that may worsen the contradictions inherent to a centralist and authoritarian tradition of governance.