bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Catolicismo Popular
Authors: Groenen Henrique Estêvão
Published: December 2021

O catolicismo popular constitui uma interpretação religiosa do mundo, a qual tem sua própria lógica e coerência e exerce funções bastante vitais para o povo na luta diária pela sobrevivência na sociedade de classes em que vivemos. Para pessoas que possuem outra interpretação — por exemplo, a interpretação que a Igreja oficial proclama e propaga — é difícil entrar no mundo religioso do povo. Este se apresenta como um mundo estranho e misterioso, pouco sistematizado e explicitado, e as mais das vezes fechado para o entendimento dos «de fora»...
Análise organizacional de uma Igreja brasileira
Authors: Nelson Reed Elliot
Published: December 2021

O crescimento impressionante do Pentecostalismo na América Latina — região considerada a «mais católica do mundo» — sem dúvida surpreendeu não só o clero católico como muitas denominações protestantes que trabalham aqui há mais de um século, com sucesso apenas marginal. Como ocorre frequentemente quando um movimento religioso novo e diferente ultrapassa o crescimento das Igrejas tradicionais, o Pentecostalismo muitas vezes é visto como modismo ou como fenômeno que tira vantagem dos ignorantes ou «fracos na fé»...
Value Co-Creation and Passenger Loyalty in the Context of the DART Model: The Mediating Role of Perceived Service Newness
Authors: POLAT İnci
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the study is to reveal the effect of value co-creation within the scope of the DART model, which consists of Dialogue, Access, Risk Assessment, and Transparency on perceived service newness and loyalty. In addition, it is aimed to determine the mediating role of perceived service newness between value co-creation and passenger loyalty. For this purpose, the data collected by the online and convenience sampling method from the passengers who travel airlines. The data is subjected to reliability analysis and confirmatory factor analysis in order to discover the variables that make up the dimensions in the study model. The relationship in the study model is evaluated by using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) via the SmartPLS 3.0 package program. The findings show that value co-creation has an impact on the perceived service newness and loyalty. This study found also mediating effect of perceived service newness in the relation between value co-creation and loyalty. The study contributed the understanding of value co-creation from the passenger perspective to the value co-creation literature by using the DART model. The study also provides theoretical and managerial contributions to manage the value co-creation process effectively and efficiently.
El embrión humano ¿Persona u Objeto? Perspectiva filosófico-jurídica
Authors: Fonseca Feris Roberto , Fleitas Víctor Carlos
Published: December 2021

Las Técnicas de Reproducción Humana Asistida son un logro para la humanidad por la solución a situaciones familiares relacionadas con la fecundación; de su empleo emergen aspectos éticos, filosóficos y jurídicos importantes a analizar. Se han desarrollado varias técnicas como la reproducción artificial, la clonación y la reproducción in vitro, esta última para realizarse necesita de la unión del óvulo y espermatozoide fuera del seno materno, conservando los embriones obtenidos a través de la criogénesis. No existe acuerdo en las legislaciones de los países con relación al plazo que deben mantenerse los embriones congelados. La problemática desde el punto de vista filosófico consiste en determinar si los embriones se pueden considerar como personas o como objetos con una protección legal especial. La investigación fue de tipo documental y el nivel descriptivo. Las conclusiones principales estuvieron basadas en que el embrión humano desde la óptica filosófica y de acuerdo a las diferentes corrientes analizadas no puede ser considerado persona, pero si debe ser considerado un objeto de protección especial ya que es una entidad que puede llegar a ser persona y por este motivo se necesita su protección legal, principalmente durante el período de criogénesis garantizando un destino ético y viable.
AZƏRBAYCAN DİLİNİN QARABAĞ DİALEKTİNDƏ ARXAİK SÖZLƏR
Authors: MEMMEDOV Meherrem
Published: December 2021

Məqalədə Azərbaycan dilinin Qarabağ dialektinin lüğət tərkibində işlənən arxaik sözlər

araşdırılır. Öncə Qarabağ dialektinin təşəkkülü, arealı, mövqeyi məsələlərə aydınlıq gətirilir.

Hazırda bu dialektin səciyyəvi xüsusiyyətləri, eləcə də arxaik türk sözlərinin intensivliyi

bölgədə qədimdən türk tayfalarının məskunlaşmasını təsdiqləyir.

Qarabağ dialekti coğrafi mövqeyinə və səciyyəvi dil xüsusiyyətlərinə görə Azərbaycan

dili şivələrinin qərb qrupuna daxildir. Bu qrupa Qarabağ dialektindən əlavə, Qazax-Tovuz,

Gəncəbasar, Borçalı və Qərbi Azərbaycan şivələri aiddir. Qarabağ şivələri geniş arealı əhatə

edir, bir-birindən mövqeyinə görə fərqlənir. Bu şivələrin əksəriyyətində qərb dialektinin

xüsusiyyətləri işlənir, Cəbrayıl, Zəngilan, Qubadlı şivələri isə keçid xarakterlidir; qərb və cənub

dialektlərinin xüsusiyyətlərinə malikdir.

Qarabağ dialektinin lüğət tərkibi iki hissədən-Azərbaycan ədəbi dili ilə ümumi leksika

və məhəlli dialekt sözlərindən ibarətdir. Ədəbi dillə ümumi leksika ümumxalq səciyyəli

sözlərdən ibarət olub üstünlük təşkil edir. Məhəlli dialekt sözləri isə yalnız bu region üçün

xarakterikdir. Belə sözlər Qarabağ dialektini həm ədəbi dildən, həm də digər şivələrdən

fərqləndirir. Bunlarla yanaşı, dialektin lüğət tərkibində müasir Azərbaycan ədəbi dilində

arxaikləşən, lakin bu bölgədə işlənən qədim türk sözləri də yayılmışdır. Arxaik sözlər müxtəlif

şəkildə mühafizə olunmuşdur; ilkin forma və mənasında vəya mənanın sabit qalması ilə,

formanın dəyişməsi, eləcə də forma və mənanın dəyişməsi nəticəsində ilkin mənasına yaxın

şəkildə qorunub saxlanmışdır.

Məqalənin obyekti Azərbaycan dilinin Qarabağ dialektində işlənən arxaik qədim türk sözləridir.

Araşdırmanın əsas məqsədi Qarabağ dialektində işlənən arxaik sözləri ədəbi dillə müqayisədə

seçib Azərbaycan dilinin digər şivələrinə nisbətdə həmin sözlərin arealını, kəmiyyətini, qədim

və müasir fonetik tərkibini, eləcə də mənasını müəyyən etmək, qədim türk yazılı abidələrin,

müasir türk dilləri və dialektlərinin materialları əsasında tarixi inkişafını izləməkdir.
Ameliorative efficacy of Sepia officinalis ink extract on hepatorenal injury-induced following high-dose folic acid supplementation in rats
Authors: Mariam T Elrouby  , Sara B Ali  , Nagat Saleh Hossuin Moftha  , Abdeljalil Mohamed Al Shawoush  , Ayman S. Mohamed
Published: December 2021

Sepia ink, a black suspension of melanin granules, is a multifunctional marine bioactive material. The present study aims to evaluate the ameliorative effect of the ink extract (IE) of the cuttlefish (Sepia officinalis) during high dosage administration of the FA in rats. Kidney injury induced by a single oral dose of FA (250 mg /kg). Eighteen male Wistar albino rats were the control, FA group, and FA+ IE group (250mg/kg). The IE showed a significant ameliorative effect against hepatorenal injury induced by high intake of FA as evident by decreasing the levels of serum aminotransferases (AST and ALT), urea, creatinine, uric acid, and significantly increased total serum albumin. Treatment with IE normalized the antioxidant status of the injured animals by reducing the MDA and the significant increase in the levels of GSH and CAT. The present study revealed that IE had an insightful effect against hepatorenal injury-induced following high intake of FA in rats, as it alleviates the alterations in the oxidative stress markers.
One month safety study of ExoFlo injection for the treatment of lumbar or cervical radiculopathy in the epidural space
Authors: Andrew Phillips  , Anita Wong  , Grace Chen  , Jacob LaSalle  , Jonathann Kuo
Published: December 2021

This One month safety study addresses any potential risks behind the use of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell extracellular vesicle isolate product (ExoFlo Direct Biologics) as a treatment for cervical and lumbar radiculopathy. Ten healthy adults were treated with ExoFlo injections for cervical radiculopathy (n=5) and lumbar radiculopathy (n=5). Follow up occurred twenty-four hours, three days, one week, three weeks and one month post injection. By the one month follow-up, the average patient improved 55% in BPI, 55.2% in QD, 25.4% in UEFS, 19.75% in ODI and 26% in LEFS. There were no complications or adverse events by the end of the study and no patient exhibited worsening radiculopathy. Patients will continue to be followed for at least six months post injection.
Gingival overgrowth and associated factors in a population of Nigerian hypertensives
Authors: Soroye Modupeoluwa Omotunde  , Sorunke Modupeore Ekua
Published: December 2021

Background: Gingival overgrowth may be idiopathic or secondary. Drug Induced Gingival Overgrowth (DIGO) occurs within 3 months of treatment and is more prevalent in younger age group with predilection for the anterior gingival tissue and usually not associated with attachment loss or tooth mobility unless there is an existing periodontal disease. Methodology: 170 hypertensive patients were recruited for the study; 85 calcium channel blocker (CCB) and 85 non-CCB users. Interviewer-administered questionnaires was used to obtain socio-demographic information as well as medical and drug history. GO was assessed using New Clinical Index for DIGO and data was analyzed with SPSS version 21 (Armonk, NY: IBM Corp). Continuous and nominal variables were described with means, standard deviations and frequencies. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05. Results: Amlodipine was the most commonly used CCB. The prevalence of DIGO in CCB and non-CCB was the same (49.5%). Gingival enlargement was found equally among both sexes in the CCB and non-CCB groups. A third of the participants with GO were 70 years and above while those without were majorly in the fifth and sixth decade of life. Two-third of those with DIGO had fair oral hygiene status, two-fifth had gingival bleeding and three-fifth had mild gingival inflammation. Those without DIGO in both groups had a slight female predominance and majorly good oral hygiene. Associated factors with DIGO were female sex, 60-69 age group, 10mg drug dosage, been on medication less than 10 years, mild gingival inflammation and generalized gingivitis. Conclusion: There was no difference in the prevalence of DIGO between BBC and non-BBC users. However, there was mild gingival inflammation in all participants with DIGO and amlodipine users were three times more at risk of developing DIGO than nifedipine users. Thus, it is imperative to advise the hypertensives on the importance of maintaining adequate oral hygiene measures and incorporate periodontal care in their management so as to ameliorate the side effects of their medication.
Hubungan Tingkat Pengetahuan dan Sikap Masyarakat dengan Upaya Pencegahan Covid-19 di Mataram
Authors: BUDIARTO STEFANNY ANGELINE , HERIN SETIANINGSIH  , WAHYU PRASASTI MUTIADESI
Published: December 2021

Latar belakang : Covid-19 merupakan penyakit yang disebabkan oleh virus corona yang penyebarannya melalui droplet. Penyebaran virus yang cepat dan kejadian yang terus meningkat pada covid-19 ini harus segera dihentikan dengan pencegahan dan penanganan yang spesifik. Masyarakat memiliki peran yang besar dalam pencegahan covid-19. Upaya pencegahan baik sangat membutuhkan peranan dari beberapa faktor seperti pengetahuan dan sikap.

Tujuan : untuk mengetahui adakah hubungan antara tingkat pengetahuan dengan sikap masyarakat dengan upaya pencegahan terhadap covid-19 di Kelurahan Cakranegara Selatan, Kota Mataram.

Metode : analitik observasional dengan desain cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah masyarakat berusia 18-40 tahun yang tinggal di kelurahan Cakranegara Selatan. Jumlah sampel pada penelitian ini adalah 397 orang dan pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan kuisioner daring yang telah dimodifikasi dan melewati uji validitas dan reliabilitas. Analisis bivariat menggunakan uji korelasi Spearman dengan aplikasi SPSS.

Hasil penelitian:  analisis univariat menunjukkan 87,4% mayoritas responden memiliki pengetahuan yang baik, 53,4% mayoritas responden memiliki sikap yang cukup dan 55,2% mayoritas responden memiliki upaya pencegahan yang buruk. Hasil analisis uji bivariat menggunakan uji korelasi Spearman antara tingkat pengetahuan dengan upaya pencegahan terhadap covid-19 didapatkan p value = 0,000 yang berarti bahwa ada hubungan antara tingkat pengetahuan dengan upaya pencegahan terhadap covid-19. Hasil uji korelasi antara sikap dengan upaya pencegahan terhadap covid-19 juga didapatkan p value = 0,000 yang berarti bahwa ada hubungan antara sikap dengan upaya pencegahan covid-19.

Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara tingkat pengetahuan dan sikap masyarakat dengan upaya pencegahan terhadap covid-19 di masyarakat kelurahan Cakranegara Selatan, Kota Mataram.
Pengaruh Terapi Oksigen Hiperbarik sebagai Adjuvan Radioterapi dan Kemoterapi terhadap Sel Kanker
Authors: Arya Windu Asmara Putra Arya , Widodo Edi Pratiknya Djati , Bahasuan Nabil
Published: December 2021

Latar belakang : Penyakit kanker adalah jenis penyakit tidak menular yang merupakan beban dunia saat ini. Dalam mendukung pengobatan utama kanker, terapi oksigen hiperbarik dapat menjadi terapi adjuvan untuk kanker. penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh terapi oksigen hiperbarik sebagai adjuvan radioterapi dan kemoterapi pada sel kanker.

Metode : Jenis penelitian ini adalah literature review. Jurnal yang dipakai dalam penelitian ini adalah jurnal internasional yang terindeks di Scimago atau jurnal nasional yang terindeks di Sinta yang dipublikasikan pada tahun 2016 hingga tahun 2021. Waktu penelitian berlangsung dari bulan April 2021 – September 2021. Lokasi penelitian dilaksanakan di Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Hang Tuah Surabaya.

Hasil : Pada hasil penelitian terdapat 11 studi dimana 10 diantaranya menyatakan adanya pengaruh terapi oksigen hiperbarik terhadap kemoterapi dan radioterapi pada sel kanker, sementara 1 studi menyatakan tidak ada pengaruhnya. Penelitian ini juga memiliki keterbatasan, yaitu studi yang direview memiliki instumen, desain, serta dosis pemberian terapi oksigen hiperbarik yang berbeda-beda sehingga sulit untuk menyimpulkan hasil penelitian.

Kesimpulan : 10 dari 11 studi pada penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa terapi oksigen hiperbarik memiliki berbagai pengaruh terhadap kemoterapi dan radioterapi pada sel kanker seperti peningkatan efikasi, sensitivitas, kerja, dan efek toksisitas dan inhibisi, serta peningkatan survival rate pada pasien kanker, sedangkan 1 studi lainnya menyatakan bahwa terapi oksigen hiperbarik tidak memiliki pengaruh apapun sebagai adjuvan terapi.
Realism Relativized: A Cultural-Historical Approach to What Images Capture
Authors: Prinz Jesse
Published: December 2021

It is sometimes assumed that there can be a unified and universal analysis of pictorial realism, but this seem implausible. Realism has been understood differently at different times in Western art history art, and art-making traditions elsewhere often aspire to forms of realism that contrast with forms operative in the West. Such variations are presented here, with examples from European, African, and East Asian art. Contact between cultural traditions is also considered. Within analytic aesthetics, some definitions of realism are designed to accommodate cultural diversity, but they face challenges. Leading definitions are critically examined. For example, there are theories that focus on entrenchment, visual skills, and informativeness. None of these constructs captures what realist systems share in common, and none provides an ideal framework for explicitly describing how such systems differ. An alternative theory of pictorial realism is presented. On that theory, realist systems each aim to capture aspects of reality, but they focus on different aspects and provide different manners by which those aspects may be captured.
Perceiving Images and Styles
Authors: Goldberg Nathaniel , Gavaler Chris
Published: December 2021

Marks individually or in combination constitute images that represent objects. How do those images represent those objects? Marks vary in style, both between and within images. Images also vary in style. How do those styles relate to each other and to the objects that those images represent? Referencing a diverse range of images, we answer the first question with a response-dependence theory of image representation derived from Mark Johnston, differentiating Lockean primary qualities of marks from secondary qualities of images. We answer the second question with a perceptual theory of style derived from Paul Grice, differentiating physical style from image style, and representing conventionally from representing conversationally.
The Productive Inadequacy of Image for Contemporary Painting
Image Based Operations in the Work of Beth Harland, Jacqueline Humphries and R.H. Quaytman
Authors: Derby Moyra
Published: December 2021

This article considers the productive inadequacy of image for contemporary painting. The mutability of image is tested against the material, spatial and durational conditions of painting, and the attentional attachments it might mobilize through an examination of the working methods of Beth Harland, Jacqueline Humphries and R.H.Quaytman. Painting is not positioned as image, but as a processor of image information, able to prompt an image response, A resistance to image is framed by the art historical and philosophical legacy of image expectations and preclusions that each artist feels compelled to work against, and the expanding opticality of our contemporary social, cultural and economic interactions.
The Narrative Aesthetics of Protest Images
Authors: Fasnacht Hannah
Published: December 2021

In this paper I argue that protest images have a certain aesthetics and a degree of transformative power. Crucial to this aesthetics is the images’ narrative structure, like the representation of goal-directed actions. On this basis, I show that there are more aspects that contribute to the storytelling capacity, like narrative characteristics and an aesthetics of dramatization. Using the example of climate change protests as a case study, I establish that these aspects can contribute to the transformative ability of protest images, if used effectively.
Dependence of spring wheat seed productivity on mineral fertilizer doses and seeding rates
Authors: Kuznetsov D. A. , Ibragimova G. N.
Published: December 2021

The article presents the results of field studies conducted in 2018-2020 on the leached chernozem of the Volga foreststeppe. The objects of the research are the varieties of spring wheat Tulaykovskaya 10 (control), Yoldyz and Tulaykovskaya 108. At seeding rates of 5.0 and 5.5 million viable seeds per 1 ha the effect of mineral fertilizers was studied. The fertilizers were represented by a complete NPK mineral fertilizer of 16 kg a.i. and by top-dressing with mineral nitrogen fertilizer in the tillering phase at the doses of 30, 60 and 90 kg a.i./ha against this background. An increase in the seeding rate of seeds from 5.0 to 5.5 million seeds per 1 ha led to a significant increase in the yield of spring wheat in all years of study (by 0.11-0.26 t/ha), the weight of 1000 seeds – by 1.44 g (LSD05 = 1.14), the nature of grain - by 8 g/l (LSD05 = 5). The effect of top-dressing with nitrogen fertilizers has been proved – the increase in yield ranged from 0.15 to 0.28 t/ha over three years on the average, the maximum from a dose of 60 kg a.i. A statistically significant increase in the weight of 1000 seeds was provided by nitrogen fertilization in doses of 60 and 90 kg a.i./ha – by 2.79 and 1.87 g, respectively (LSD05 = 1.47), grain nature increased at doses of 30, 60 and 90 kg a.i./ha by 34, 23 and 16 g/l, respectively (LSD05 = 2). The average yield of spring wheat varieties with the selected combination of factors (5.5 million seeds/ha, N60) was in the range of 2.64-2.70 t/ha with a mass of 1000 grains 44.03-44.56 g, the nature of grain 765-783 g/l. The studied varieties differed in responsiveness to nitrogen fertilization (N60 against the NPK background): Tulaykovskaya 10 (+0.43 t/ha), Tulaykovskaya 108 (+0.39 t/ha), Yoldyz (+0.24 t/ha). Increases in yield from an increase in the seeding rate were 0.20 (Yoldyz), 0.25 (Tulaykovskaya 108) and 0.26 t/ha (Tulaykovskaya 10). In general, according to the experiment relative to the control variety Tulaykovskaya 10, the variety Yoldyz stood out with a stable increase in yield over the years of research (+0.08 t/ha), statistically significant in years with insufficient moisture. The Yoldyz variety was distinguished by an increased profitability of cultivation – up to 59.4 % at a seeding rate of 5.5 million viable seeds/ha against the background of applying mineral fertilizers N16P16K16 for pre-sowing soil cultivation.
Investigation of the process of extraction of a highly starchy fraction of rye flour by air classification
Authors: Andreev N. R. , Goldstein V. G. , Kovalenok V. A. , Nosovskaya L. P. , Adikaeva L. V. , Miroshnikov A. A.
Published: December 2021

The article provides an overview of the current state of the application of solid-phase methods for separating the structure of grain and leguminous raw material into constituent components, as one of the most relevant areas of environmental protection and reducing the amount of wastewater from enterprises processing agricultural raw materials. The main direction of research on the production of protein concentrates from leguminous raw materials (peas, beans, chickpeas, lupine) by the method of air classification is noted. Among grain crops, rye stands out as having a more balanced amino acid composition compared to wheat and the largest starch grains up to 60 microns, which improves the aero-dynamic separation of grain flour into protein and starch fractions. Тherefore, rye flour was the object of research in this work. The research area included the development of a method for determining the starch content in the heavy fraction of rye flour from the yield of its light protein fraction and its starch content using an installation with variable parameters of a two-chamber disperser and a vortex classifier. The results of experiments on the separation of the mass of the initial rye flour into heavy starch and light protein fractions with a given ratio of starch and protein are theoretically justified and experimentally confirmed. The dependences of the starch content in the heavy fraction on the number of cycles of its recycling are established. With variable parameters of grinding rye flour, determined by the speed of the working bodies of the dispersant from 70 to 100 m/s, the time of grinding and recirculation of the heavy fraction of 30 s and the tangential speed of the classifier rotor of 15 m/s, stable results were obtained for the separation of starch and protein. Тhe yield of the heavy fraction of 72 % with a starch content of 85 % and the yield of the light fraction of 28 % with a mass fraction of protein of at least 26 %.
Chronic Collection of Cerebrospinal Fluid from Rhesus Macaques (Macaca mulatta) with Cisterna Magna Ports: Update on Refinements
Authors: Gilberto David B , Michener Maria S , Smith Brad E , Szczerba Peter J , Holahan Marie A , Gray Tasha L , Motzel Sherri L
Published: December 2021

More than 20 y ago, we developed an animal model for chronic and continuous collection of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from conscious rhesus macaques. Since our previous publication in 2003, we have successfully implanted 168 rhesus macaques using this approach. Our experience enables
us to provide up-to-date information regarding the model, including refine- ments to our implant design, reductions in maintenance, and new procedures for dealing with contamination. The results of our experiences have reduced the number of surgeries required and helped to increase the longevity
of the implant, with some functioning for more than 18 y. Building on our success in rhesus macaques, we attempted to develop similar animal models in the African green monkeys and dogs but have been unable to develop reliable chronic models for CSF collection in these species.
BİLGİ SOSYOLOJİSİ VE DİN SOSYOLOJİSİ İLİŞKİSİ
Authors: AKPINAR İrfan
Published: December 2021

Bilgi, insanın kendini tanımak, hayatı anlamlandırmak ve çevresini kontrolü altına almak üzere giriştiği zihinsel faaliyet ve toplumsal etkileşimlerinin bir ürünü olarak insanoğlunun hayatının her evresinde var olagelmiştir. Bu anlamda insan için bilgi hem bir ihtiyaç hem de bir merakın sonucudur. İnsanoğlunun bu ihtiyaç ve merakını gidermek için muhtemelen ilk başvurduğu bilgi türü de dini bilgi olmuştur. Nitekim insanın doğa olayları karşısındaki çaresizliği ve korkusu, onu, tüm korkularından kurtaracak ve güven telkin edecek bir yüce varlığa inanmaya, dolayısıyla dine yöneltmiştir. Bu makalede bilgi ve din arasındaki ilişki tarihsel süreç içerisinde sosyolojik olarak incelenecek ve Peter L. Berger ve T. Luckmann’ın bilgi sosyolojisi ve din sosyolojisi yaklaşımları analiz edilecektir.
Human microbiota. Friend? Enemy? Neighbors?
Authors: Zaychenko G. V. , Karpenko N. O. , Ravshanov T. B.
Published: December 2021

The review is dedicated to the modern ideas about the composition of the human intestinal microbiome, factors that determine the bacterial «landscape» and affect its activity. The main functions of normal microflora have been described, including intestinal motility, protection of intestinal barrier against pathogenic bacteria, parasites, intestinal epithelial regeneration, metabolic and immunological functions, participation in digestive processes, synthesis of amino acids and proteins, antibiotics, vitamins, hormonally active substances, promoting the absorption of minerals and nutrients, preventing the development of pathological conditions. Determination of intestinal microbiota expression of the innate immune system explains the role of microflora in chronic inflammation and diseases such as liver fibrosis, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis, cardiovascular, neurodegeneration and cancer. A promising way is the use of microorganisms with beneficial properties (probiotics), the necessary substrate for them (prebiotics), their metabolites (metabiotics) and complexes of pro‑ and prebiotics (synbiotics) not only to restore and regulate the intestinal microflora, but also as therapeutic agents in some diseases, in particular during eradication therapy of the bacterium Helicobacter pylori. The functions of some species and strains of beneficial bacteria have being discussed, in particular the strain Bacillus causii UBBC‑07, as well as the results of preclinical and clinical trials of its use at antibiotic‑associated diarrhea in the inhibition of Clostridium difficile. The issues of safety and facts of positive impact on human health of probiotic products of Probeez line (Organosyn Ltd.) are considered, which differ in the personification of appointments to certain segments of the population: Probeez®, Probeez® Femina, Probeez® Kids, Probeez® DUO and Probeez® Immuno contain successfully selected live probiotic bacteria. The available range of monocomponent (Probeez® with Kids, Probeez® DUO), multicomponent (Probeez®, Probeez® Femina) and synbiotic (Probeez® Immuno) products allows to choose the best option in specific conditions for their application not only in inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, but also in chronic disorders of other systems and organs.
A Review on Cultural Customs of Marriage Traditions Among Banjar Ethnic Women in Banjarmasin Indonesia
Authors: Hafidzi Anwar , Umar Masyitah , Hani Mohd Hatta Mohd , Rusdiyah Rusdiyah
Published: December 2021

This study reveals the tradition of the Banjar inland tribes in their marriage rituals. For a Banjar ethnic woman, who adheres to her cultural customs, a marriage for them will only take place when it is arranged by the family. Arranged marriage means a marriage determined by the family with the prospective husband chosen by the family on certain factors. Family is the dominant factor that determines the future of a Banjar ethnic woman especially in the aspect of marriage. The research methodology used in this research is a literature review that reveals the secrets behind conventional marriage practices using a phenomenological approach. Firstly, this study found that for the Banjar ethnic group, traditionally arranged marriages are compulsory. Second, there is a culture of giving money in a nominal amount to the bride’s family before the wedding takes place. Third, the bride’s home must be filled with donations such as furniture or daily household necessities. If things as stated cannot be met, then the bride’s family will look for another prospective husband for her daughter. Such a marriage tradition is the practice and belief of the ancestors of the Banjar tribe, it is an ancient practice of dynamic animism.Keywords: Rituals; marriages; customs; Banjar; Indonesia.
Sistem Sortir Barang Otomatis Berbasis Arduino Dengan Sensor Warna Dan Monitoring Via Android
Authors: Wisjhnuadji T.W. , Narendro Arsanto , Wicaksono Pribadi
Published: December 2021

The Arduino-based sorting system is equipped with a color sensor and the monitoring of the number of goods via Android is a series of tools that serves to ease the work process of sorting goods by color manually at certain industrial companies. The method used to realize the problem above is by making a prototype of the sorting tool based on color automatically and monitoring the results of the sum of the items as connecting information from the device to Android. The tool is equipped with a TCS3200 color sensor as a color detector, an infrared sensor as an object counter, a DC motor and conveyor as a driving medium, a Servo motor as a sorting media, Arduino as a control media, and ESP8266 as a communication media and Android as a monitoring media. The results of test have been carried out on the prototype of this system, and are able to provide results in accordance with the design specifications of the tool.

Keywords: arduino, android, sensor warna, sensor infrared, motor DC, motor servo, ESP8266
Problems of bioethics in modern medicine
Authors:   Ivan Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine, Oliynyk N. М.
Published: December 2021

Modern scientific advances in medical science and practice require a new perspective on the life and rights of the individual, starting from its embryo in the womb, and therefore the discussions devoted to the study of various aspects of the human right to health and life are simply condemned to a particular relevance in current conditions. Modern bioethics is designed to address ethical issues of medicine and biology, as well as related technologies, considering social, legal and environmental aspects. The objective of the study is to identify current ethical issues in medicine and biology as well as related technologies, considering social, legal and environmental aspects. The article analyzes the directions for the development of bioethics in the health system, human rights as a source of bioethical principles and behavioral criteria in various fields of its application. The bioethics problems of the major achievements of modern biological and medical sciences – stem cell therapy, human cloning, euthanasia, organ and tissue transplantation, certain aspects of resuscitation, which often conflict with moral and ethical criteria. The problem of emerging infections that create local or international emergencies is discussed. A clear example is the pandemic of a new disease – the COVID-19, which confirms humanity’s unpreparability to resist the spread of respiratory viral infections. Conclusion. Modern biological and medical research requires a rethinking of existing bioethical and legal postulates. They must go through a certain path of transformation to meet the requirements of today. It is important to improve the legal regulation without which the boundary between the subject and the object of study will remain potentially uncertain.
Peculiarities of the course of toxoplasmosis and toxocarosis in modern conditions of the сovid-19pandemic and their prevention
Authors:   V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Bobrova O. V. , Mikhanovska N.G. ,   V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Krivonos K. A. ,   V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Vorobyov S. M. ,   V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University
Published: December 2021

The article is devoted (dedicated) to topical problems of socially significant parasitosis, peculiarities of toxoplasmosis and toxocariasis in the conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic, measures of prevention of these parasitic invasions. Ways of infection, clinical features of chronic toxoplasmosis in the acute stage, and toxocariasis are described. An overview of modern methods of diagnosis of toxoplasmosis and toxocariasis is presented, the necessity of line-blot analysis in our country is described, first of all, to clarify the stage of the disease in congenital toxoplasmosis, as well as for differential diagnosis of stages of this disease. treatment of patients with toxoplasmosis invasion. Indications for examination of patients with toxoplasmosis are presented. The main measures for the prevention of congenital toxoplasmosis, which is dangerous for newborns, are outlined. Preventive measures to prevent toxocariasis infection are described, which is a necessary basis for improving the system of epidemiological surveillance for the spread of toxoplasmosis and toxocariasis in all regions of our country. Emphasis was placed on the need to strengthen control by government agencies to prevent parasitological pollution, the urgency of establishing a National Program for surveillance of parasitic infestations in the near future to control their spread and prevent serious consequences for the health of infected, the need and feasibility of specialized treatment centers. and rehabilitation of patients with parasitic infestations, primarily toxoplasmosis and toxocariasis. The necessity of dispensary observation for persons from risk groups for severe toxoplasmosis – pregnant women, immunocompromised persons, persons with immunodeficiency of different genesis, the main solutions for the prevention of these parasites.
Some peculiarities of preoperative care of patients with biliopancreatoduodenal area focal diseases complicated by mechanical jaundice
Authors:   Odessa National Medical University, Muraviov P. T. , Zaporozhchenko B. S. ,   Odessa National Medical University, Borodaev I. E. ,   Odessa National Medical University, Zaporozhchenko M. B. ,   Odessa National Medical University, Makrem Harhouri ,   Odessa National Medical University
Published: December 2021

The aim of the current research was to compare the early results of pancreatoduodenal resection performing in patients with focal diseases of the biliopancreatoduodenal area complicated by obstructive jaundice syndrome, depending on the type of preoperative preparation. The results of surgical treatment of 272 patients who had been underwent pancreatoduodenal resection for focal diseases of the biliopancreatoduodenal zone complicated by the development of obstructive jaundice syndrome were analyzed. Patients, depending on the type of preoperative preparation, were randomized into two groups: the main group included 112 patients, who were prepared for surgery and predicted the course of the perioperative period in accordance with the original algorithm; and a comparison group (160 patients), in which the preparation was carried out only in a conservative way. Due to the original algorithm of detoxification with the use of biliary decompression in patients of the main group, the level of total bilirubin on the eve of pancreatoduodenal resection was 112.3 ± 2.7 μmol / L, while in the comparison group, where the preparation of patients for radical surgery was carried out without biliary drainage – 198.3 ± 3.3 μmol / L. The activity of alkaline phosphatase on the eve of PDR was 104.8 ± 1.3 U / L in the main group, and 270.8 ± 1.9 U / L in the comparison group (p <0.05). On the eve of PDR, the activity of γ-glutamyltransferase decreased insignificantly – to 529 ± 29 U / L in the comparison group and to 485 ± 33 U / L in the main group (p <0.05). The number of cases of life-threatening postoperative complications in the main group was 42 (37.5%), and in the comparison group – 102 (63.8%). Postoperative mortality in the main group was 6.3%, and in the comparison group – 11.9%.
Risk factors of local relapses in patients with breast cancer depending on the properties of the primary tumor
Authors:   Natonal Cancer Institute, Movchan O. V. , Bagmut I. Yu. ,   Kharkiv Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Dosenko I. V. ,   Natonal Cancer Institute
Published: December 2021

Of all a spread of disorders after mastectomy, most frequently we expect about the event of local relapse. The aim – to research the frequency of local relapses in patients with breast carcinoma, considering the subtype properties of the primary tumor. Materials. 6136 patients with breast carcinoma, including 146 patients with LR – main group, and 455 patients without LR – control group. They distributed betting on age, the state of the menstrual function, stage of the disease, histological type of cancer, grade, tumor subtype. Results. In step with the histological structure, ductal carcinoma was commonest. Established the 10-year non-relapse period in main group is longer with Luminal A and Triple-negative subtypes (61 vs 41%) compared to Luminal B and Her-2 / neu type with (3+) amplification (39 % vs 32 % respectively). Conclusions. The stage, histological structure, grade of the tumor does not significantly affect the frequency of local relapses breast cancer patients. The LR is more likely to occur in patients with luminal subtype B, while the littlest frequency of LR occurs with subtype A. Study of the menstrual status of the patient providing local relapses more often arise in women of pre-menopause. Established that the 10-year non-relapse period is that the best in patients with luminal A subtype and TNBC compared to luminal B and HER 2 type with (3+) amplification.
Modern aspects of internal canal disinfection in treatment of complicated forms of caries
Authors:   State Establishment «Lugansk State Medical University», Patalakha O. V. , Boitsaniuk S .I. ,   Ivan Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine
Published: December 2021

The widespread prevalence of pulp and periodontal diseases indicates the need for continuous improvement of the method of endodontic treatment and determines the relevance of the development of new methods of complex therapy. The primary etiologic agents of apical periodontitis are microorganisms and their by-products that have invaded the pulpal space and established multispecies biofilm communities in the root canal system. Biofilms are involved in all stages of root canal infection and can be found on root canal walls, in dentinal tubules, and on extraradicular surfaces. The success of endodontic dental treatment is determined by careful mechanical processing using modern instruments, drug treatment and subsequent three-dimensional hermetic obturation of the root canal. Only a high-quality and optimal solution to the three problems allows you to achieve high-quality long-term results of treatment. Instrumentation disrupts biofilms which colonize infected soft and hard tissues and provides access for irrigation and exposure to antimicrobial solutions for disinfection of the root canal system. Disinfection is achieved by the use of both antimicrobial agents and the mechanical flushing action of irrigation, with the goal being the disruption, displacement and removal of pulpal remnants, microorganisms, metabolic byproducts, debris and the smear layer created during instrumentation. The multistage, duration and laboriousness of drug treatment of root canals makes it not always effective, which can subsequently cause unsuccessful endodontic treatment. A practicing dentist should be able to rationally and efficiently utilize standard disinfection protocols in the irrigation and medication of root canal spaces.
ANALISIS REVALUASI AKTIVA TETAP DI PT INDONESIA POWER
Authors: Wijaya Suparna
Published: December 2021

ABSTRAKRevaluasi aktiva tetap untuk tujuan perpajakan adalah melakukan penilaian kembali aktiva tetap dengan memanfaatkan fasilitas revaluasi sebagaimana diatur dalam Peraturan Menteri Keuangan Nomor 191/PMK.010/2015 jo. PMK Nomor 233/PMK.03/2015 khusus pada tahun 2015 dan 2016, tarif pajak penghasilan atas selisih lebih penilaian kembali berubah yaitu 3% untuk penilaian kembali aktiva pada tahun 2015, 4% untuk penilaian kembali aktiva pada 1 Januari sampai dengan 30 Juni 2016 dan 6% untuk penilaian kembali aktiva pada 1 Juli sampai dengan 31 Desember 2016. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis revaluasi aktiva tetap untuk tujuan perpajakan yang dilakukan oleh salah satu anak usaha BUMN dan manfaat ekonomi yang diperolehnya. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif deskriptif. Objek penelitian ini adalah PT Indonesia Power yang merupakan anak usaha BUMN. Data yang digunakan adalah laporan keungan tahun 2015 dan laporan revaluasi asset. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa revaluasi aktiva tetap untuk tujuan perpajakan dapat meningkatkan laba bersih, aset, dan ekuitas, revaluasi aktiva juga dapat memberikan manfaat berupa berkurangnya pajak penghasilan untuk tahun setelah revaluasi serta manfaat ekonomi lainnya, yaitu performa keuangan yang meningkat.
MENAKAR ULANG SPESIALITAS HUKUM PAJAK DALAM LAPANGAN HUKUM DI INDONESIA: Tinjauan atas Penerapan Kompetensi Absolut dalam Penyelesaian Sengketa Pajak
Authors: Muhasan Imam
Published: December 2021

ABSTRAKSebagai bagian dari Hukum Tata Usaha Negara dalam genus Hukum Publik, Hukum Pajak memiliki kekhususan dibanding Hukum Tata Usaha Negara itu sendiri maupun bidang hukum lainnya dalam lapangan hukum di Indonesia. Keputusan (beschikking) yang diterbitkan oleh Direktorat Jenderal Pajak atau Pejabatnya bukanlah termasuk obyek sengketa pada Peradilan Tata Usaha Negara (PTUN) dan badan peradilan lainnya, melainkan Pengadilan Pajak. Pada kenyataannya, kekhususan atau spesialitas dari Hukum Pajak tersebut seolah menjadi ‘hilang’ ketika harus berhadapan dengan bidang hukum lain yang juga bersifat khusus. Hakim pada pengadilan lain tersebut seringkali memutuskan untuk tetap melanjutkan proses pemeriksaan pada pokok perkara, dengan menolak eksepsi yang diajukan oleh pihak Direktorat Jenderal Pajak. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui sejauh mana spesialitas Hukum Pajak dalam lapangan hukum di Indonesia dapat dipertahankan, terutama ketika berhadapan dengan ketentuan atau norma hukum lain yang juga bersifat khusus (spesialis). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum (legal research) dengan menggunakan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan (statute approach), disamping pendekatan konseptual (conceptual approach). Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa spesialitas Hukum Pajak, dalam hal ini terkait kompetensi absolut Pengadilan Pajak, tetap dapat dipertahankan (enforceable) melalui penerapan asas lex specialis sistematis dan lex consumens derogate legi consumptae yang merupakan derivat dari asas lex specialis derogate legi generali.
ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MENGHAMBAT ACCOUNT REPRESENTATIVE UNTUK MENERBITKAN SURAT TAGIHAN PAJAK DALAM RANGKA MELAKSANAKAN UNDANG- UNDANG KETENTUAN UMUM DAN TATA CARA PERPAJAKAN (STUDI KASUS PADA KPP PRATAMA BANGKO)
Authors: Nurhadi Imam , Usman Fadlil
Published: December 2021

The change in political government of Indonesian, that had taken place in the "big bang decentralization" era, create the  decentralization of power. In the fiscal decentralization, the local governments has the power to manage theirs’ finances, including tax collection. But, actually local governments can levy taxes only if there are  any assignment  from the legislators or conducted by the constitution. The extention of the local tax object produces several problems,particularly double taxation between federal and local taxes. Constitutional Court's decision for the golf tax implied the questions about the legitimacy of local taxes. Meanwhile, the construction of tax law encountered any problems, such as the legislators’ mind of state, tend to be undemocratic, tortuous and any potential overlap of double taxation in Indonesia. Program Self Assessment merupakan amanah dari Undang-Undang Tata Cara dan Ketentuan Umum Perpajakan (UU KUP) yang mewajibkan Wajib Pajak untuk menghitung, memperhitungkan, membayar, dan melaporkan jumlah pajaknya sendiri yang seharusnya terhutang sesuai dengan ketentuan peraturan perundang-undangan perpajakan. Tugas fiskus, dalam hal ini Account Representative (AR) adalah memastikan apakah Wajib Pajak telah melaksanakan kewajiban perpajakannnya sesuai dengan ketentuan peraturan perundang-undangan perpajakan yang berlaku, dengan merujuk pada UU KUP sebagai dasar dan ketentuan utamanya. Tiap AR diberi tugas oleh  Kepala  Kantor Pelayanan Pajak (KPP) untuk mengawasi beberapa Wajib Pajak.  AR  mengawasi  kewajiban  Wajib Pajak melalui sistem yang ada pada KPP. Apabila terdapat Wajib Pajak yang belum memenuhi kewajibannya sesuai dengan yang ditentukan oleh UU KUP, maka AR punya kewajiban untuk menegur   dengan menerbitkan   Surat   Tagihan   Pajak   (STP).   Dalam pelaksanaan sebenarnya masih banyak Wajib Pajak yang tidak menjalankan kewajiban self assessment mereka dengan benar, dan tidak dilakukan teguran oleh AR melalui penerbitan STP.
PENERAPAN E-AUDIT DALAM PEMERIKSAN PAJAK: STUDI KASUS PADA PT AA TAHUN PAJAK 2016
Authors: Febrian Febrian
Published: December 2021

Pesatnya perkembangan teknologi telah membuat wajib pajak ikut menggunakan teknologi Informasi dan komunikasi dalam melakukan pembukuan atau pencatatan nya yang dalam hal ini kita sebut sebagai Sistem Informasi. Ouput dari sistem informasi tersebut didominasi oleh data/informasi dalam format elektronik. Implikasi dari adanya data format elektronik tersebut, maka pemeriksa pajak harus dapat menangani data elektronik tersebut dan menggunakannya sebagai bukti audit dalam pemeriksan pajak. Untuk mendukung penanganan bukti audit elektronik tersebut, Direktorat Jenderal Pajak memberikan suatu pedoman yang disebut dengan “e-Audit” dalam rangka mengakses dan/atau mengunduh data yang dikelola secara elektronik serta mengolahnya sehingga dapat memperlancar pelaksanaan pemeriksaan. Dalam tulisan ini, peneliti memaparkan bagaimana penerapan “e-Audit” untuk memperoleh data elektronik dan mengolah data tersebut dan membuatnya menjadi bukti kompeten yang cukup dalam Pemeriksaan Pajak pada PT AA tahun pajak 2016.
ANALYSIS OF TAX BURDEN AND ITS RELEVANCE TO GOVERNMENT REGULATION NUMBER 23 YEAR 2018 FOR MICRO, SMALL, AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES (MSME)
Authors: Alfiyan Muhammad , Nugraha Nur Arif
Published: December 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memberikan pandangan terkait pelaksanaan PP 23 Tahun 2018 dari aspek beban pajak. Dalam peraturan pendahulunya, prinsip keadilan nyatanya bertentangan dengan kemudahan yang ditawarkan oleh PP 46 Tahun 2013. Hal tersebut karena PP 46 tahun 2013 mengenakan Income taxsecara final dengan dasar pengenaan pajak berupa peredaran bruto. Bagaimana pemerintah menyiasati hal tersebut melalui PP 23 Tahun 2018? Apakah PP 23 Tahun 2018 relevan untuk diterapkan pada UMKM? Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif dengan melakukan analisis komparasi. Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa PP 23 Tahun 2018 memberikan kesempatan yang lebih banyak untuk UMKM mendapatkan insentif pajak. Selain itu, PP 23 tahun 2018 juga lebih relevan dalam mengikis sektor ekonomi informal pada UMKM. PP 23 Tahun 2018 memperbolehkan UMKM untuk menggunakan pembukuan dan bagi UMKM yang menggunakan PP 23 Tahun 2018 diberikan jangka waktu tertentu sehingga tidak selamanya UMKM dapat menggunakan PP 23 Tahun 2018. Oleh karena itu, peraturan ini perlu disertakan sosialiasasi terkait pembukuan dan administrasi perpajakan kepada UMKM. Dengan demikian, kebijakan terkait PP 23 Tahun 2008 sudah tepat. Hasil Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi masukan kepada pemerintah khususnya Direktorat Jenderal Pajak.