bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estimation of Dynamic Response Index Domain of High Speed Railway Vehicle System
Authors: Wang Xulu , Chang Limin
Published: December 2020

Based on the dynamic simulation model, the dynamic response index of vehicle system under the action of track irregularity is divided into three areas: repair, deterioration and maintenance. The correlation between the track irregularity index and the dynamic response index domain of vehicle system components is calculated and statistically studied. The estimation model of dynamic response index domain of vehicle system and the domain boundaries of different dynamic response indexes are established and obtained Line. According to the principle of single variable method, the excitation source of vehicle track system is divided into track irregularity and other comprehensive factors (such as temperature load, material damage, etc.), and a simple inversion method of track foundation state is proposed based on the estimation model of dynamic response index domain. Its basic principle is: if the statistical characteristics of track irregularity remain unchanged and other influencing factors change, the estimation domain and measurement domain of dynamic response index will produce grade jump, so as to determine whether the basic state of the line is normal. The simulation results show that the accuracy of domain estimation of dynamic response index of vehicle system is more than 80%, and the accuracy of recognition is more than 70% for the damage condition of the line infrastructure, where the fastener is empty.
Track Damage Recognition Algorithm Based on Improved Convolution
Authors: Jia Qiang , Han Feng , Li Yuan , Qi Miaomiao , Liu Zhibo
Published: December 2020

Railway inspection and maintenance in uninhabited high-cold areas are facing great challenges according to the rapid development of Sino-Russian railway. In this paper, an algorithm is proposed, which is image edge detection track structure recognition and damage detection based on improved convolution model. This paper use image acquisition method and improved two-dimensional convolution to image filtering, thus the original image matrix is processed by determinant transformation to enhance image boundary elements. On the basis of the linear characteristics obtained from edge detection, the fastener cartridge and steel rails are identified. The damage and position of steel rails are judged by the sharp change of alignment. The image recognition and verification of the existing railway demonstrates that the method has the following advantages: It improves the rate of recognition structure and has certain adaptability. At the same time, the corresponding position of the structure can be determined, which is beneficial to the identification of structural damage. Besides, it plays an important role in the daily operation and maintenance of track.
A Multi-Dimensional Test of Social Effects of the Opening of High-Speed Rail in China
Authors: Li Xiaoyue , Xiao Xiang , Li Zhenghao
Published: December 2020

Based on previous studies, this paper innovatively summarizes the multi-dimensional social effects generated by the opening of high-speed rail, and interprets the social effects of high-speed rail from four aspects: accelerating population mobility and employment, improving land value in radiation areas, promoting regional balanced development, and optimizing industrial structure. And taking the panel data of 292 cities in China from 2007 to 2016 as samples, we constructed difference-in-difference model. Then by calculating the difference between the treatment group (cities with high-speed rail opening) and the control group (cities without high-speed rail opening) before and after the event, the net effect of the event was obtained. The study finds that: the opening of high-speed rail can accelerate population inflow and promote employment; increase the value of land in the radiation regions and increase the price of commercial housing; narrow the income gap between urban and rural areas along the route and promote balanced development among different regions; promote the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure of cities along the route.
Theoretical Analysis and Experimental Verification of the Influence of Geometrical Parameters on the Fatigue Life of SMA490BW Welded Butt Joint
Authors: He Bolin , Wang Yongxiang , Yu Yingxia , Zhang Yuxin , Wei Kang
Published: December 2020

Finite element mode was carried out for ultra-high cycle fatigue specimens of SMA490BW steel butt joints used in bogies. Finite element software ABAQUS/ FE-Safe was used to calculate the influences of different arc transition radius r and weld toe angles θ on joint stress concentration factor Kt and joint fatigue life N. The results show that r and θ have significant influence on the Kt and fatigue life of the SMA490BW steel butt joint for bogie. For the same inclination angle θ, Kt decreases gradually with r increasing. With θ increases, the effect of r on Kt is increasing continuously, also the effect of change in Kt caused by r on fatigue life N is increasing continuously. While in the case of same weld edge r, Kt increases with θ increasing. With r increases, the effect of θ on Kt is decreasing constantly, the effect of change in Kt caused by θ on fatigue life N is decreasing constantly. The fatigue performance of SMA490BW steel butt joint was tested by ultrasonic fatigue test machine. The results between the fatigue test and calculation is less than 15%. The finite element calculation result has important significance for improving the fatigue life of welded butt joint for bogie.
Flourishing Isn’t Free: Paying Down Our Moral and Social Debt in Robotic Systems
Authors: Vallor Shannon
Published: December 2020

The conversation about social robots and ethics has matured considerably over the years, moving beyond two inadequate poles: superficially utilitarian analyses of ethical ‘risks’ of social robots that fail to question the underlying sociotechnical systems and values driving robotics development, and speculative, empirically unfounded fears of robo-pocalypses that likewise leave those underlying systems and values unexamined and unchallenged. Today our perspective in the field is normatively richer and more empirically grounded. However, there is still work to be done. In the transition from risk-mitigation that accepts the social status quo, to deeper thinking about how to design different worlds in which we might flourish with social robots, we nevertheless have not reckoned with the moral and social debt already accumulated in existing robotics systems and our broader culture of sociotechnical innovation. We relish our creative and philosophical imaginings of a future in which we live well with robots, but without a serious reckoning with the past and present, and the legacies of harm and neglect that must be redressed and repaired in order for those futures to be possible and sustainable. This talk explores those legacies and their accumulated debts, and what it will take to liberate social robotics from them.
Working Alongside Service Robots: Challenges to Workplace Identity Performance
Authors: Dobrosovestnova Anna , Hannibal Glenda
Published: December 2020

In this paper, through the prism of the notion of workplace identity, we critically reflect on potential challenges of working alongside social service robots in service industries. From feminist studies of workplace identity, we adopt concepts of naturalization and normalization, and discuss how service robots’ “imprisonment” in the role of a friendly and consistent helper may present psychological and political challenges to how service employees relate to and perform their workplace identity.
Ascribing Gender to a Social Robot
Authors: Damholdt Malene Flensborg , Vestergaard Christina , Seibt Johanna
Published: December 2020

Gender ascription to robots may lead to willingly or inadvertently repeating gender stereotypes. To reduce this risk, it is important to delineate how gender is spontaneously assigned to robots. The present study explores spontaneous ascription of gender to a social robot with minimal visual gender cues. A total of N=63 participants partook and were engaged in interaction with the robot for 45–50 minutes. The majority (n=36) ascribed gender to the robot, mainly based on voice. The remaining participants still assigned mental capacities to the robot. The implications of the results are discussed.
Preserving Personal Perspectives in Coaching Technology
Authors: Westberg Marcus , Jingar Monika
Published: December 2020

Robots and digital agents find their way in an increasing number of areas in our everyday lives. In this paper we look at the history of coaching devices and their impact on our health and lifestyle, as well as the emergence of coaching robots. We explore the worry that a growing entanglement with coaching technology that quantify our lives may reduce or invalidate the user’s personal experiences and preferences. We propose that the kind of bond that should be formed between user and technology is one that engenders trust while maintaining contextual and user-focused perspectives, in order to preserve personal values and autonomy, as well as the possibility of coaching robots being able to provide these kinds of bonding interactions.
Considering Human-Computer Conflicts
Authors: Miller Dave B.
Published: December 2020

As computer system capabilities increase, the opportunities for human-computer and human-robot conflicts likewise grow. In the past, members of the public seldom came into conflict with highly complex agents, robots, and systems; but in the future, these will become common occurrences. These conflicts can vary in how much negotiation is possible, how much time is available for assessment and decision-making, the severity of the consequences, and whether there is an objective way to judge the choices available. Empirical research on how people will make decisions in such situations is required so that systems can be designed to interact well with people. With computational agents being integrated into many areas of life including shopping, driving, and even policing, careful design and philosophical consideration is necessary. Designing agents with conflicts and context in mind will make it possible to avoid or resolve some of these conflicts in more beneficial ways, and to reduce the risks from conflicts in critical situations or under time pressure. Designing agents is inherently a value-laden process, and as a result, values must be chosen with regard to social wellbeing, in order to advance pro-social aims. This requires both user and expert input informed by empirical research, especially for systems that are used under time pressure or in high-risk environments.
On Human Freedom in a Posthuman Future: Sources of Dialogical Tensions
Authors: Jones Raya A.
Published: December 2020

This paper considers challenges for conceptualizing ‘culturally sustainable social robotics’. Approaching the relevant discourse from a critical distance, the discussion identifies dissonances among different positions and their associated moral claims, and points to some ambivalence inherent in the phrasing of the goal.
Becoming Cyborg: Liberating One’s Real Species-Being. A Materialist Ontology of the Posthuman
Authors: Krueper Gerrit
Published: December 2020

Based on early Marx’s concept of the species-being, this paper provides a (historical) materialist definition of an ontology of being human and argues that it enables a theorization of a human post humanism. Such theory is based on the fact that cognitive capitalism’s rise of technology translates the human body into literal instruments of labor. However, the link of technology with the laborer enables a transfer of skills and powers that extend the body’s capabilities: creating thus, what this paper terms, the cyber-body. The material reality of this cyber-body is ambivalent: It is a reality of exploitation and abstraction, designed to eventually create infinite capital accumulation, as well as a reality of liberation from the social divisions of class, gender, race, and sexuality by use of its network connecting capabilities. Put together, this ambivalence recovers the real species-being.
Who or What is to Blame? Personality and Situational Attributions of Robot Behavior
Authors: Edwards Autumn , Edwards Chad
Published: December 2020

The Fundamental Attribution Error (FAE) is the tendency for people to over-emphasize dispositional or personality-based explanations for others’ behavior while under-emphasizing situational explanations. Compared to people, current robots are less agentic and autonomous and more driven by programming, design, and humans-in-the-loop. People do nonetheless assign them agency and intentionality and blame. The purpose of the current experiment is to determine whether people commit the FAE in response to the behaviors of a social robot.
A new architecture for online error detection and isolation in network on chip
Authors: Nehnouh Chakib
Published: December 2020

The Network-on-Chip (NoC) has become a promising communication infrastructure for Multiprocessors-System-on-Chip (MPSoC). Reliability is a main concern in NoC and performance is degraded when NoC is susceptible to faults. A fault can be determined as a cause of deviation from the desired operation of the system (error). To deal with these reliability challenges, this work propose OFDIM (Online Fault Detection and Isolation Mechanism),a novel combined methodology to tolerate multiple permanent and transient faults. The new router architecture uses two modules to assure highly reliable and low-cost fault-tolerant strategy. In contrast to existing works, our architecture presents less area, more fault tolerance, and high reliability. The reliability comparison using Silicon Protection Factor (SPF), shows 22-time improvement and that additional circuitry incurs an area overhead of 27%, which is better than state-of-the-art reliable router architectures. Also, the results show that the throughput decreases only by 5.19% and minor increase in average latency 2.40% while providing high reliability.
Construction cost management strategy based on BIM technology and neural network model
Authors: Ding Xiaojing , Lu Qiulan
Published: December 2020

The construction of construction projects is an important industry of national social and economic development, and price management control is an important part of construction projects, and has become an important factor for major construction companies in China to manage construction projects. At present, the internal construction price management is not the best, nor the most ideal. Few investments exceed the budget, mainly due to defects in effective construction price management, lack of advanced technology and lack of prospects for prepayment, which make it difficult to match the actual and expected results of construction project price management. The actual results are always unsatisfactory. In this paper, the engineering cost estimation model is studied, and the neural network comprehensive prediction model is established to improve the accuracy and application technology of the prediction model. By using the building of BIM technology and neural network model, and effectively using the price advantage of ICT, it is used in the construction industry, and the cost is strictly controlled, so as to bring huge profits to the enterprise and promote the development of the enterprise.
Design of medical equipment system based on neural network algorithm and network feature
Authors: Renjie Zhu , Chunming Ye , Lumin Fan , Wei Chen
Published: December 2020

Nowadays, science and technology are developing, more and more things need to be detected by science and technology, and the content that people need to understand is becoming more and more complex. Not only need to know its size, but also need to know some of the relevant comprehensive information or internal information. At present, people’s demands can no longer be met only by existing medical systems, so data fusion technology has emerged. This technology can simultaneously obtain a variety of information, express various information, seek the internal relationship between various information, and comprehensively process and improve this relationship. In view of the existing medical equipment, this paper puts forward the design method of multi-sensor data fusion technology. The original whole system is decomposed into several small particles and extracted from the original system. The extracted particles are arranged independently and the neural network system is formed. On the basis of neural network computing and implementing network feature service, this paper introduces how to establish a new medical equipment system based on network registration, discovery and various management and fault-tolerant conditions. This article is a community-oriented, long-distance service intelligent system based on family health care, designed on network processors and Android systems. By combining various technologies, collecting various body information parameters of patients, under the guidance of network protocol and existing remote technology, the gateway of intelligent home can talk to the community to a certain extent. In this way, the data collected in smart homes can be uploaded to other communities through the community network.
Intelligent English writing system based on fusion of herding effect and artificial intelligence
Authors: Guifang Liu
Published: December 2020

The use of intelligent college English writing training system will certainly promote the traditional teaching structure and realize a new and efficient English writing teaching mode. On the basis of machine learning and the herd effect algorithm, this article constructs an artificial intelligence-based English intelligent writing system. Moreover, in view of the shortcomings of traditional models and the characteristics of intelligent English writing, this paper proposes an improved algorithm for optimization of swarm particle walking paths. In addition, this article proposes a relative attractiveness to initialize the formation of small-scale groups based on the herd effect. Then, in the process of intelligent writing, by establishing an information sharing mechanism between groups, each group is continuously updated and reorganized according to the relative attractiveness of the group, so that the writing process can be simulated more realistically. From the experimental research, it can be seen that the model constructed in this paper has a certain degree of intelligence.
Enterprise supply chain risk assessment based on improved neural network algorithm and machine learning
Authors: Lu Shaoqin
Published: December 2020

It is of practical significance to study the decision-making subject in the supply chain under the influence of risk aversion to make a decision and make the supply chain compete in an orderly market environment. In order to improve the effect of enterprise supply chain risk assessment, this paper improves the traditional neural network algorithm, combines machine learning methods and supply chain risk assessment time requirements to set system function modules, and builds the overall system structure. Considering the multiple relationship attributes of supply chain risk knowledge, this paper uses a multi-element semantic network to represent the network structure of supply chain risk knowledge, and proposes a multi-level inventory control modelThis is based on the inventory of the coordination center and other retailers’ procurement/relocation strategy models. After building the model, this paper designs a simulation test to verify and analyze the model performance. The research results show that the model proposed in this paper has a certain effect.
Online teaching quality evaluation based on emotion recognition and improved AprioriTid algorithm
Authors: Yu Hui
Published: December 2020

The association rule algorithm in data mining is used to study the factors that may affect students’ performance, to make suggestions for teaching work, and to provide decision-making basis for teachers and teaching administrators, which has practical significance. There are many potential applications for facial expression recognition technology. For example, in the teaching process, facial expression recognition technology helps teachers understand students and judge students’ reactions to certain things. Based on the current research status of emotion recognition and data mining algorithms, this paper improves the AprioriTid algorithm and constructs an online teaching quality evaluation model based on teaching needs. In addition, this article applies the model constructed in this article to the evaluation of English online teaching quality and evaluates teaching quality through data mining. The experimental research shows that the model constructed in this paper has good performance.
Evaluation of English online teaching based on remote supervision algorithms and deep learning
Authors: Han Yongqing
Published: December 2020

The English online teaching automatic evaluation system is unstable in actual teaching evaluation. Therefore, how the automatic evaluation system can better adapt to high school teaching also needs a more in-depth theoretical and practical discussion. According to the actual needs of English online teaching, this article combines remote supervision and deep learning algorithms, builds a system structure for the English online teaching evaluation process, and simulates and analyzes the application of supervision algorithms in the teaching process. Moreover, this article evaluates the actions and status of the student’s learning process from the aspects of teacher evaluation and student evaluation, and also scores the teacher’s teaching process. In order to study the practical effect of this system in English online teaching, this paper designs experiments to evaluate the model online English teaching effect. The research results show that the model constructed in this paper has good performance.
Video inpainting using object motion rate and color variance in spatiotemporal domain
Authors: Huang Hui-Yu , Lin Chih-Hung
Published: December 2020

Inpainting is a technique to enhance digital videos. Based on the spatiotemporal domain, we herein propose a video inpainting method to repair the removal objects in the videos. The method consists of an adaptive foreground model, the motion rate estimation of objects, and a repairing scheme. Initially, the adaptive foreground model based on the background subtraction method is developed. The model is used to estimate the motion rate for each moving object in the frame. According to the estimated motion rate, the model specifies an adaptive interval between the forwarding reference frame and backward reference frame to obtain the useful information and to repair the removal objects. The remaining un-repaired areas are filled using an exemplar-based inpainting technique with color variance. The results show that the proposed method can produce visually pleasing results. Additionally, it reduces the inpainting time and provides efficient computing.
Customer stratification theory and value evaluation—analysis based on improved RFM model
Authors: Zong Yi , Xing Hao
Published: December 2020

Scientific customer stratification method can help enterprises identify valuable customers, thus effectively improving the operating profit of enterprises. However, current customer stratification methods have not considered the impact of cost to service (CTS) on customer value (such as the RFM model). In this paper, K-mean clustering method is adopted to classify customers into four categories, namely 1) the most valuable customers, 2) valuable customers, 3) general customers and 4) customers with low contribution. By adding a new evaluation dimension of CTS, the original RFM model is improved. In this way, the RFMC model is built and can provide more comprehensive evaluation on customer value. Finally, the results show that the addition of CTS index significantly changes the clustering results of the original RFM model and the overall consideration of consumption amount and CTS truly reflect the customer value. Thus, the improved RFMC model optimizes the results of customer stratification and it can effectively sort out the valuable customers for enterprises. Enterprises will be more dedicated to serving the valuable customers so as to maximize profits and reduce service costs of customers with lower value to make up for profit losses.
Optimal order strategy for channels under different supply risk levels
Authors: Liu Zhibing , Zhou Chi , Wang Guoli
Published: December 2020

We consider an order problem for two channels consisting of one common retailer and two competing suppliers that are subject to supply uncertainty. A new concept of supply risk level (SRL) of a channel is proposed to quantitatively characterize the supply risk of the channel due to supply uncertainty. Under different SRLs, we study the order strategies for the two channels in integrated and decentralized supply chains. Regardless of whether the game is integrated or decentralized, we find that the different SRLs give rise to a difference between the belief-degree costs of the two channels that directly influences the optimal order strategy, market supply and profit of each channel. This implies that the decision maker of the supply chain can take different risk attitudes toward the supply uncertainty of the two channels to adjust the potential market supply and profit of each channel because the decision maker generally replaces the SRL with his or her risk preference. Under given SRLs, we find that integration is a better strategy than decentralization. However, the channel profit with a higher belief-degree cost under decentralization is greater than that under integration in some cases. Finally, proper risk preferences for both channels are suggested to strike a balance between supply reliability and supply risk.
Optimal reactive power dispatch using θ-social mimic optimization (θ-SMO)
Authors: Zand Mohammad , Chamorro Harold R. , Nasab Morteza Azimi , Hosseinian Seyed Hossein
Published: December 2020

The social mimic optimization algorithm (SMO) and its enhanced version (θ-SMO) is presented in the current study for the optimal dispatch problem of the reactive power (ORPD) with continuous and discrete control variables in the IEEE standard networks. The feasibleness and functioning of the θ-SMO and SMO algorithms are indicated for the IEEE 57-bus, and IEEE 118-bus standard networks. The outcomes of the simulation were compared, and it was shown that the optimization efficacy of these algorithms is higher than other rooted algorithms, such as optics in-spired optimization (OIO), the social spider algorithm (SSA) algorithm, and biogeography-based optimization (BBO). Results obtained for ORPD problem indicate better performance concerning the θ-SMO algorithm’s solution quality compared to original SMO algorithm and other algorithms.
Electrically conductive composite material based on silicon carbide
Authors:   National Metallurgical Academy of Ukraine, Pischanskaya V.V. , Hubynskyi M.V. ,   National Metallurgical Academy of Ukraine, Usenko A.Yu. ,   National Metallurgical Academy of Ukraine, Sybir A.V. ,   National Metallurgical Academy of Ukraine, Sukhyy K.M. ,   Ukrainian State University of Chemical Technology, Fedorov S.S. ,   National Metallurgical Academy of Ukraine
Published: December 2020

The article presents the results of the study aimed at establishing the main process parameters of the preparation of an electrically conductive composite material containing silicon carbide, graphite, aluminous cement and sodium silicate. This composite material can be used as a heating element in heat accumulators for the operating temperature range of 600–10000C. The effects of the amount of sodium silicate within the range of 12–18 wt.% and the compacting pressure within the range of 40-70 N / mm2 on the changes in the properties of the samples after drying were investigated. It was established that the mechanical strength of the samples of 34.2 N mm–2 and 33.4 N mm–2 can be achieved at the compacting pressure of 60 N mm–2 and 50 N mm–2 and the sodium silicate content of 14 wt.% and 16 wt.%, respectively. It was shown that a porous microstructure of the composite is formed in the course of samples annealing at the temperatures of 600–10000C due to physicochemical processes of transformations of sodium silicate and its interaction with aluminous cement; this porous microstructure is characterized by open porosity in the range of 23.14–25.11% and mechanical strength in the range of 33.2–32.0 N mm–2. The fabricated composite material after its annealing at 10000C shows a low electrical resistivity of 0.06710–2–0.01410–2 Ohmm at the electric current of 28–94 A and the voltage of 19.2–13.2 V.
АВТОМАТИЗАЦІЯ ФІНІШНОГО ОБРОБЛЕННЯ ПРЯМОКУТНИХ КУТОВИХ ХВИЛЕВОДІВ S-ДІАПАЗОНУ
Authors: Тришин Павло Романович , Гончар Наталя Вікторівна , Терещенко Кирило Олександрович
Published: December 2020

Finishing of waveguides (sharp edges blunting, burrs removal, polishing of welding or soldering of the duct and flanges) is carried out in order to eliminate all surface damages that are formed from previous operations and give it the necessary roughness, which affects the amount of active power loss. In most cases of complex spatial shape rectangular waveguides with angled welded transitions, the finishing of the duct is performed manually or by means of small mechanization. An alternative to the finishing of waveguide duct is anode-abrasive vibration honing, abrasive-extrusion processing, processing on special grinding machines, hydro-abrasive pumping. These methods are low productivity, require complex equipment, washing treated surfaces, and are applied only to straight waveguides or those that have a smooth flexion. Preliminary researches of polishing the waveguide duct with a polymer-abrasive brush have shown good results in terms of roughness, performance and electrical parameters.To automate finishing of the waveguides that have simple form or one simple rectangular flexion, it was proposed to perform it on a horizontal CNC milling machine. For processing of waveguides two types of polymer-abrasive brushes of Osborne firm were consistently applied: internal and end brushes. Processing involved polishing duct in welding seam spots and a flange, burrs removal immediately after processing on the same machine on which milling of flanges of waveguides was carried out.Also for mechanization of finishing the complex designed waveguides (more than one flexion) it is offered to replace operation of consecutive manual polishing by small mechanization of polishing on special equipment. The trajectory of the tool was provided by a copier.This device also provides the preset tightness automatically and ability to adjust it as the tool wears out. As a result of the improvement in finishing, the manual polishing of the waveguide was completely removed, and the geometry and roughness of the duct were significantly improved. The development of special equipment has significantly (3…5 times) reduced time and human impact on machining accuracy.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ОБРОБКИ ТА ОЦІНЮВАННЯ ВЗАЄМНОЇ ЗАТРИМКИ ВИПАДКОВИХ ШИРОКОСМУГОВИХ СИГНАЛІВ НА ТЛІ НЕГАУСОВИХ ЗАВАД
Authors: Олійник Вячеслав Олексійович , Лукін Володимир Васильович
Published: December 2020

Peculiarities of operation conditions of methods and tools for assessing delay and angular position of the source of a random wideband signal when it is received by two spatially displaced sensors are analyzed. Special attention is paid to modeling of possible non-Gaussian noise and analyzing its effect on estimation results. It is assumed that digital processing of received signals is carried out in intervals of certain duration (parts of a second). The first feature is that, unlike many other applications of cross-correlation processing of received broadband signals or their analogs, the information component is characterized by possible nonstationarity both in terms of power and, accordingly, the signal-to-noise ratio, and spectral composition of oscillations. The second feature is that both due to possible low signal-to-noise ratios in some areas, and as a result of non-Gaussian noise, that usually has a distribution with heavy tails, abnormal estimates of the delay, and angular position of a source are possible. In such situations, it is desirable to apply a method for estimating the delay of random broadband signals, which will be robust to non-Gaussian noise and exclude abnormal estimates or at least to the maximum extent reduce the probability of their occurrence. The purpose of this work is to study the possibilities of using other measures of similarity and analysis of processing efficiency. It is shown that this can be achieved due to the use of methods based on the calculation of robust distances. The efficiency of various modifications of the proposed method is shown depending on the intensity and impulsivity of the noise. Following various criteria, the efficiency of processing is assessed and the need for automatic obtaining of information about the noise characteristics is shown. The studies are carried out using a test wideband signal. The tasks that must be solved first of all to ensure a high efficiency of processing are formulated. The results obtained in the simulation process can be used in many technical fields, where the processing of the received signal in hard noise conditions is kept.
EXPLORING TIMEOUT AS A PERFORMANCE AND AVAILABILITY FACTOR OF DISTRIBUTED REPLICATED DATABASE SYSTEMS
Authors: Gorbenko Anatoliy , Tarasyuk Olga
Published: December 2020

A concept of distributed replicated data storages like Cassandra, HBase, MongoDB has been proposed to effectively manage the Big Data sets whose volume, velocity, and variability are difficult to deal with by using the traditional Relational Database Management Systems. Trade-offs between consistency, availability, partition tolerance, and latency are intrinsic to such systems. Although relations between these properties have been previously identified by the well-known CAP theorem in qualitative terms, it is still necessary to quantify how different consistency and timeout settings affect system latency. The paper reports results of Cassandra's performance evaluation using the YCSB benchmark and experimentally demonstrates how to read latency depends on the consistency settings and the current database workload. These results clearly show that stronger data consistency increases system latency, which is in line with the qualitative implication of the CAP theorem. Moreover, Cassandra latency and its variation considerably depend on the system workload. The distributed nature of such a system does not always guarantee that the client receives a response from the database within a finite time. If this happens, it causes so-called timing failures when the response is received too late or is not received at all. In the paper, we also consider the role of the application timeout which is the fundamental part of all distributed fault tolerance mechanisms working over the Internet and used as the main error detection mechanism here. The role of the application timeout as the main determinant in the interplay between system availability and responsiveness is also examined in the paper. It is quantitatively shown how different timeout settings could affect system availability and the average servicing and waiting time. Although many modern distributed systems including Cassandra use static timeouts it was shown that the most promising approach is to set timeouts dynamically at run time to balance performance, availability and improve the efficiency of the fault-tolerance mechanisms.
Câncer do Colo do Útero no Brasil: Estado da Arte
Authors: Thuler Luiz Claudio Santos
Published: December 2020

Ousamos qualificar este editorial de “estado da arte” uma vez que ele sintetiza a produção acadêmica sobre câncer do colo do útero (CCU), das mais diferentes áreas do conhecimento, mapeada neste número temático da RBC. Ao concluí-lo, destacamos a importância da iniciativa de reunir essa multiplicidade de perspectivas e pluralidade de enfoques, permitindo o ordenamento do conjunto de informações e de resultados obtidos por pesquisadores brasileiros. Sua leitura não deve ser linear ou em uma simples cadeia. Cada texto, mais do que ligado àqueles que o antecedem e o sucedem, traz, em seu interior, importantes enunciados. A imagem que melhor pode sintetizar essa compilação é a de “rede” e não de cadeia. Rede de fios que se unem, que se rompem, que se cruzam, que produzem...
Análise de Custo-Utilidade do Tratamento Adjuvante de Câncer de Cólon Estádio III (Dukes C)
Authors: Riveros Bruno Salgado , Wiens Astrid , Correr Cassyano Januário
Published: December 2020

Introdução: O aumento do repasse financeiro ao tratamento adjuvante de câncer de cólon estádio III nos hospitais integrantes do Sistema Único de Saúde permite a utilização de quimioterápicos anteriormente não empregados. Entretanto, não há estudos farmacoeconômicos que norteiem gestores quanto a escolha da terapia. Objetivo: Avaliar a relação custo utilidade das terapias adjuvantes Fluorouracil/Leucovorin (5FU/LV, Mayo Clinic Regimen) versus Capecitabina e 5FU/LV versus Fluorouracil/Leucovorin/Oxaliplatina (FLOX) para câncer de cólon em estádio III na perspectiva de um hospital público no Brasil. Método: Dados de eficácia foram extraídos da literatura e custos a partir do Sistema de Informação Hospitalar da referida instituição. Utilizou-se uma modelagem de Markov com dez ciclos de seis meses com quatro estados de saúde: terapia com antineoplásico, livre de doença, recidiva e morte. A taxa de desconto aplicada foi de 5%. Os custos foram expressos em Real (R$) e o desfecho em meses de vida ajustados pela qualidade (QALM). Realizou-se análise de sensibilidade univariada. Resultados: Capecitabina e FLO X proporcionam 0,33 e 1,75 QALM a mais que 5FU/LV, respectivamente. A comparação Capecitabina e 5FU/LV mostrou relação custo efetividade incremental (RCEI) de R$13.585,64/QALM, enquanto a comparação FLO X e 5FU/LV RCEI de R$1.007,92/QALM. A análise de sensibilidade sugere resultados robustos. Conclusão: O custo de aquisição da Capecitabina inviabiliza o uso em pacientes com câncer de cólon estádio III na perspectiva avaliada. O custo incremental de FLOX está compreendido pelo repasse financeiro do SUS, favorecendo sua incorporacao como terapia adjuvante de câncer de cólon estádio III pelo hospital aos indivíduos elegíveis para esse protocolo.
Sobrevida de Pacientes com Melanoma Cutâneo na Região Oeste de Santa Catarina, Brasil
Authors: Moreno Marcelo , Batista Fábio Roberto Bardemaker , Bonetti Thaís Cristina
Published: December 2020

Introdução: A região Oeste de Santa Catarina apresenta características ambientais e populacionais que contribuem para uma maior ocorrência do melanoma cutâneo. Objetivo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar a taxa de sobrevida dos pacientes com melanoma cutâneo diagnosticados no Oeste do Estado de Santa Catarina e correlacioná-la com fatores prognósticos. Método: Foi realizado um estudo longitudinal retrospectivo, a partir de variáveis clínicas e anatomopatológicas de pacientes com melanoma cutâneo tratados em um serviço de referência para tratamento e registro de câncer do Oeste do Estado de Santa Catarina; considerando um período de oito anos de seguimento. Resultados: A taxa de sobrevida foi de 71%. Os fatores prognósticos relacionados com uma maior sobrevida foram: sexo feminino, ocupação profissional sem histórico de exposição solar, ausência de mitoses e ulceração na lesão cutânea primaria; e os tipos histológicos: extensivo superficial e lentigo maligno. Conclusão: A taxa de sobrevida encontrada para os pacientes com melanoma cutâneo no Oeste de Santa Catarina assemelha-se a dados encontrados em estudos realizados em áreas de grande incidência desse tipo de neoplasia.
Carcinoma de Células Escamosas da Boca: Concordância Diagnóstica em Exames Realizados no Laboratório de Anatomia Patológica da Universidade Federal de Alfenas
Authors: Cruz Antônio Camilo de Souza , Franzolin Solange de Oliveira Braga , Pereira Alessandro Antônio Costa , Beijo Luiz Alberto , Hanneman João Adolfo Costa , Cruz Júlia Rosental de Souza
Published: December 2020

Introdução: O câncer da cavidade bucal está entre as dez neoplasias mais frequentes na população brasileira. E diagnosticado na maioria dos casos em estágios avançados, dificultando o tratamento e reduzindo o índice de sobrevida dos pacientes. Objetivo: Aferir a concordância entre os diagnósticos clínicos, histopatológicos das biopsias e das peças cirúrgicas do carcinoma de células escamosas da boca. Método: Realizou-se um estudo retrospectivo entre janeiro de 2000 e dezembro de 2010, utilizando laudos histopatológicos emitidos pelo Laboratorio de Anatomia Patológica da Universidade Federal de Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brasil e os prontuários hospitalares dos pacientes tratados. Para que fosse determinada a concordância, os diagnósticos clínicos foram confrontados com os histopatológicos da biopsia e estes com o exame das peças cirúrgicas removidas no tratamento. Resultados: A maior incidencia de CCE ocorreu em pacientes brancos, gênero masculino, com idade entre 50 a 60 anos, solteiros, lavradores ou domésticas, cursaram apenas o ensino fundamental, baixo nível socioeconômico, tabagistas e/ou etilistas. Os sítios anatômicos mais comuns das lesoes foram assoalho bucal e língua. O vestíbulo da boca e o palato foram os sítios menos frequentes. A concordância entre os diagnósticos clínico/histopatológico foi de 71,2% e entre o histopatológico e o exame da peça cirúrgica 87,1%. Conclusão: Observou-se expressiva concordância entre o diagnóstico. Entretanto, são necessários novos levantamentos que comparem o resultado dos exames da peça cirúrgica removida no tratamento com as características clínicas.
Angioma de Canal Endocervical: Relato de Caso e Revisão de Literatura
Authors: Ferreira Leonardo Pires , Benetta Anderson Cesar Dalla , Fonseca Allex Jardim da , Navarro Cibelli , Vale Carolina Parente Gress do , Santos Nayara Melo dos
Published: December 2020

Introdução: O angiomixoma e um tumor raro, agressivo, de origem mesenquimal, que geralmente acomete a pelve e o períneo, sendo na vulva a apresentação mais comum. Seu pico de incidência ocorre na quarta década. Tem como principais características o crescimento lento e indolor com formação de grandes massas com altas taxas de recorrência local sem, no entanto, apresentar metástases tumorais. Relato de caso: Mulher, 52 anos, com sangramento vaginal na pós-menopausa decorrente de polipo endocervical de 2,0 cm simulando mioma cervical. Apesar da citologia oncótica sem anormalidades, o estudo histológico revelou angiomixoma agressivo. A paciente foi submetida a histerectomia radical tipo II de Pi ver sem linfadenectomia há 42 meses e não apresenta evidências de recorrência local ou metástases a distância. Essa condição incomum raramente apresenta manifestação clínica de sangramento genital. Conclusão: O angiomixoma agressivo é doença rara e pouco compreendida. O tratamento cirúrgico continua sendo a modalidade terapêutica de escolha.
Câncer Infantil: Monitoramento da Informação através dos Registros de Câncer de Base Populacional
Authors: Silva Jane Kelly Oliveira , Moreira Filho Djalma de Carvalho , Mahayri Nazira , Ferraz Rosemeire de Olanda , Friestino Fernando Simões
Published: December 2020

Introdução: Os hábitos e estilo de vida da sociedade contemporânea vem passando por transformações radicais nas últimas décadas. O impacto dessas mudanças poderá repercutir de forma decisiva no perfil de incidência de algumas neoplasias da infância e adolescência. Objetivo: Realizar uma revisão de informações de incidência publicadas na literatura a respeito dos cânceres em crianças e adolescentes do grupo III da Classificação Internacional para Cancer Infantil, divulgados através de Registros de Cânceres dos Estados Unidos, Brasil e Alemanha. Método: Realizou-se uma pesquisa bibliográfica da incidência de tumores em menores de 20 anos, em três países: Brasil, Estados Unidos e Alemanha. Os tumores pesquisados faziam parte do grupo III da Classificação Internacional para Câncer Infantil. Resultados: A primeira publicação específica sobre câncer em crianças e adolescentes no Brasil foi divulgada em 2008. Nela, observou-se que os mais altos coeficientes de incidência de astrocitomas ocorreram em Goiânia (11,71 por milhão) e em Campinas (11,17 por milhão). Na Alemanha, a incidência e de 16,1 por milhão. As maiores incidências de outros gliomas no Brasil ocorreram em Goiânia (5,99) e Belo Horizonte (3,34). Na Alemanha, essa incidência e de 2,8 por milhão. Nos Estados Unidos, de todos os tumores do Sistema Nervoso Central, os astrocitomas representam 52% e os outros gliomas 15%. Conclusão: Os resultados quanto à incidência seguiram o mesmo padrão nos três países em estudo. Os Registros de Câncer de Base Populacional são importantes instrumentos para o monitoramento dos cânceres com baixa incidência na população.
Expressão Diferencial de MicroRNAs no Câncer de Próstata
Authors: Delella Flávia Karina , Moroz Andrei , Carvalho Robson Francisco , Felisbino Sérgio Luis
Published: December 2020

Introdução: MicroRNAs são pequenos RNAs não codificantes, que atuam como reguladores pós-transcricionais de RNAs mensageiros-alvo. Estudos recentes demonstram que a expressão diferencial de alguns microRNAs associa-se com o desenvolvimento, invasão e metástase de vários tipos de câncer, incluindo o câncer de próstata. Os avanços nas técnicas de detecção e descoberta de novos marcadores moleculares são ferramentas importantes para o diagnóstico precoce e tratamento individual dos pacientes. Objetivo: Realizar revisão científica sobre os principais microRNAs alterados no câncer de próstata. Método: O PubMed foi a base de dados escolhida para a pesquisa e as palavras-chave utilizadas foram microRNA e câncer de próstata. A descoberta e o estudo dos microRNAs envolvidos na progressão do câncer são temas científicos recentes e, das 260 publicações encontradas, 25 foram selecionadas para compor esta revisão. Resultados: Muitos microRNAs são classificados como promotores da sobrevivência celular e do cresci mento tumoral. Os trabalhos selecionados para esta revisão descrevem expressão diferenciada de microRNAs em amostras de tumores prostáticos e em células tumorais prostáticas estudadas in vitro. A alteração de microRNAs no plasma, na urina e no tecido tumoral mostrou-se uma ferramenta interessante para distinguir pacientes com cancer de próstata de pacientes saudáveis, classificando essas moléculas como biomarcadores promissores. Conclusão: A excelente qualidade das publicações evidencia a importância da regulação pós-transcricional exercida pelos microRNAs na progressão do câncer de próstata. Apesar de o tema ser recente, técnicas moleculares de ultima geração estão sendo empregadas para a descoberta de novos microRNAs e para a caracterização da função daqueles já existentes.