bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Explaining a Policy Failure: Jurisdictional Framing, Federalism, and Assisted Reproductive Technologies in Canada
Authors: Snow Dave
Published: June 2015

This article develops the concept of jurisdictional framing: describing a policy field as properly belonging to one particular level of government. It applies this concept to explain how federalism frustrated Canadian attempts to create national assisted reproductive technology policy. Canada's failed policy can be traced to how the Royal Commission on New Reproductive Technologies and the federal government failed to align their substantive framing strategies with the procedural requirements of the Canadian Constitution. Future policy studies should focus on the interaction between substantive and jurisdictional framing, as policy failure can stem from the language used to justify legislative authority in unforeseen ways.
How Can Aging Communities Adapt to Coastal Climate Change? Planning for Both Social and Place Vulnerability
Authors: Rapaport Eric , Manuel Patricia , Krawchenko Tamara , Keefe Janice
Published: June 2015

Coastal climate change in the form of rising sea levels and more frequent and extreme weather events can threaten community assets, residences, and infrastructure. This presents a particular concern for vulnerable residents—such as seniors aged 75 years and older. Our spatial study combines census area cohort population model projections, community asset mapping, and a municipal policy review with coastal sea rise scenarios to the year 2025–2026. This integrated information provides the basis to assess the vulnerability of our case study communities in Nova Scotia, Canada. Nova Scotia has the oldest population of any Canadian province, the majority of whom reside in coastal communities on the Atlantic, making it an ideal site for such analysis. Through this work we forward a useful decision-making support tool for policy and planning—one that can help coastal communities respond to the particular needs of seniors in rural areas and adapt to impacts of coastal climate change. Throughout we argue that social vulnerability must be considered alongside place vulnerability in the design of climate change adaptation and mitigation efforts. This is not just an issue for coastal communities, but for all communities facing the effects of extreme weather events.
Iyorwuese Hagher. The Kwagh-hir Theater: A Weapon for Social Action
Authors: Osakwe Chima
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACT:

An engaging book on theatre and social change. Recommended for those who are interested in the relationship between arts and politics, theatre and society, but especially the role of traditional African theatre as an instrument of social transformation.
Inhibited Intentionality and Cultural work: Reconsidering Gender and Female Success
Authors: Sommerlund Julie , Malou Strandvad Sara
Published: June 2015

In this paper we suggest ways to reconsider the question regarding the relationship gender and creativity. First, we review the theoretical literature on gender and creativity, concluding that the dominant thought is that men are prevalent in making creative achievements, particularly when connected to the notion of ‘genius.’ Second, we review the empirical studies on gender and creativity, a body of literature that comes to the same overall conclusion. Third, we present an empirical case, a Scandinavian design school in which the relationship between gender and creativity is more nuanced, complex, and more dependent on context than both the theoretical and empirical literature would suggest. Based on this case, traits that are often described as hindrances for female agency and creativity are reconsidered. We conclude by suggesting that in certain creative contexts women use their ‘hindrances’ to produce fruitful strategies for overcoming historical gender inequalities, thus turning Iris Young’s classical argument--that women embody limitations--to give a productive and positive account of how women may become successful in creative work.
Self-Optimization of Handover Parameters for Long-Term Evolution with Dual Wireless Mobile Relay Nodes
Authors: Davaasambuu Battulga , Yu Keping , Sato Takuro
Published: June 2015

In recent years, train passengers have been transferring increasing amounts of data using mobile devices. Wireless networks with mobile relay nodes support broadband wireless communications for passengers of such vehicles using backhaul links. However, the mobility management entity reuses the handover of existing user equipment, resulting in the handover of the Long-Term Evolution network being unsuitable for user equipment within the cabins of vehicles traveling at high speed. In this paper, we propose a self-optimizing handover hysteresis scheme with dual mobile relay nodes for wireless networks in high-speed mobile environments. The proposed mechanism tunes the hysteresis and cell individual offset handover parameters based on the velocity of the vehicle and the handover performance indicator, which affects the handover triggering decision and performance. The results of simulations conducted in which the performance of the proposed scheme was compared to that of an existing scheme show that the proposed scheme can reduce the number of radio link failures and service interruptions during handover procedures.
Circulating Long Noncoding RNA as a Potential Target for Prostate Cancer
Authors: Su Yin-Jie , Yu Jin , Huang Ya-Qin , Yang Jin
Published: June 2015

Prostate cancer is considered the second most common visceral malignancy in men in Western countries. Its emergence is largely due to the coordination of a malignant network, and long noncoding RNA has been recently demonstrated to play a critical role in prostate carcinogenesis. The aberrant expression of long noncoding RNA in prostate cancer patients is strongly associated with diagnosis, risk stratification and carcinogenesis, information that provides new insight into the complicated intracellular milieu of prostate cancer. This review focuses mainly on literature evidence for the role of long noncoding RNA in prostate cancer, which may suggest novel strategies for its prognosis, diagnosis and clinical treatment.
Synthesis and Characterization of 8-Yttrium(III)-Containing 81-Tungsto-8-Arsenate(III), [Y8(CH3COO)(H2O)18(As2W19O68)4(W2O6)2(WO4)]43−
Authors: Ibrahim Masooma , Bassil Bassem , Kortz Ulrich
Published: June 2015

The 8-yttrium(III)-containing 81-tungsto-8-arsenate(III) [Y8(CH3COO)(H2O)18(As2W19O68)4(W2O6)2(WO4)]43− (1) has been synthesized in a one-pot reaction of yttrium(III) ions with [B-α-AsW9O33]9− in 1 M NaOAc/HOAc buffer at pH 4.8. Polyanion 1 is composed of four {As2W19O68} units, two {W2O10} fragments, one {WO6} group, and eight YIII ions. The hydrated cesium-sodium salt of 1 (CsNa-1) was characterized in the solid-state by single-crystal XRD, FT-IR spectroscopy, thermogravimetric and elemental analyses.
A Halogen-Containing Stilbene Derivative from the Leaves of Cajanus cajan that Induces Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Authors: Cai Jia-Zhong , Tang Rong , Ye Gui-Fu , Qiu Sheng-Xiang , Zhang Nen-Ling , Hu Ying-Jie , Shen Xiao-Ling
Published: June 2015

A new natural halogen-containing stilbene derivative was isolated from the leaves of Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp. and identified as 3-O-(3-chloro-2-hydroxyl-propanyl)-longistylin A by comprehensive spectroscopic and chemical analysis, and named cajanstilbene H (1). It is the first halogen-containing stilbene derivative found from plants. In human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC) from bone marrow, 1 did not promote cell proliferation, but distinctly enhanced osteogenic differentiation of hMSC in time- and dose-dependent manners. In six human cancer cell lines, 1 showed a moderate inhibitory effect on cell proliferation, with IC50 values of 21.42–25.85 μmol·L−1.
Saisons et mortalité en Italie : quelques relations ambiguës et leurs implications géographiques (Seasons and mortality in Italy ambiguous relationship and geographical conclusions)
Authors: Besancenot Jean-Pierre
Published: June 2015

Abstract. - A statistical analysis of mortality data during the current century in Italy reveals that the seasonal variation curve has undergone conspicuous chronological changes from decade to decade, the rates gradually evolving from a summer to winter maximum. But from a region to another the evolution started sooner or later and it is today more or less achieved. Moreover, while almost all countries in the world have come to show such moderateness as to be called deseasonality, i.e. a seasonal variation pattern nearly equal to a straight line, Italy is a sharp exception to this rule.
Précipitations saisonnières du Maroc cisatlasique et téléconnexions dans la circulation atmosphérique (Seasonal precipitations of the cisatlasic Morocco and teleconnections in the atmospheric circulaton)
Authors: Delannoy Henry
Published: June 2015

Résumé. - Les précipitations saisonnières (été exclu) du Maroc cisatlasique (1953-1982) sont corrélées avec des indices de différentes téléconnexions. En hiver, les corrélations principales s'établissent avec l'Oscillation nord-atlantique, aux saisons intermédiaires avec l'Oscillation australe : fortes et positives au printemps avec l'indice contemporain ou décalé d'une à deux saisons, négatives et plus modestes en automne, avec un indice décalé d'une ou deux saisons. Les principales corrélations sont cohérentes avec les champs de variation de géopotentiels à 700 hPa correspondants.
L'assurance mutuelle agricole : du territoire aux réseaux (Farming mutual insurance : from territory to networks)
Authors: Mas Pierre
Published: June 2015

Résumé. - Cet article traite de la construction territoriale de l'assurance mutuelle agricole française : ses fondations, ses évolutions sur cent ans d'histoire et ses adaptations successives lui permettant de basculer dans le vingt-et-unième siècle, parmi les entreprises les plus dynamiques du Territoire.
Le développement du commerce en Russie : la place de Moscou (The development of retail trade in Russia : the place of Moscow)
Authors: Lemarchand Nathalie
Published: June 2015

Abstract. The Russian capital is going through rapid transformations, driving its periphery and all of Russia into a large modernization process. In analysing the commercial places and the forms of trade that take place in this large would-be world city, we will try to show that, beyond the act of trading, Moscovites and Russians express their desire to be modern. Indeed, at a time of globalization, we can see that throught the trading process there is in Russia a clear will to claim its place and participation to the global village.
Enfant et Société : l'exemple des Provinces Unies
Authors: Van de Louw Gilbert
Published: June 2015

"Child and society, the example of the United Provinces".

The child is moulded by the upbringing and the teaching it receives. The concept of "bourgeois" is operative in the first case, but is it operative also in the second ? In the United Provinces, it is obviously so, since the whole society is "bourgeoise", and since the "regents" did not replace the aristocracy. In France, the social structure is quite different. The "bourgeoisie" is enclosed in a whole system of competition which entices them "to become aristocrats". The child plays, in each case a very different role. It seems thus quite impossible to illustrate by Dutch art French sentiments, and to explain French sensibility. In Vondel's work, the child is "the joy of the neighbourhood". In Malherbe 's it keeps the vividness of a rose too quickly blooming - and fading.
La Flandre occidentale en 1800 vue par un sous-préfet
Authors: Hémardinquer Jean-Jacques
Published: June 2015

"Western flanders in 1800 seen by a "sous-prefet".

The monographs written on "departements" during the Consulate and the First Empire, as well as what vould be called now statistic inquiries, arouse a renewed interest, but, as regards the monographs, the printed ones only are republished : in Belgium, for instance, Faypoult's study ; in France, the whole collection of the Bibliotheque Nationale in the form of microslips - this being the prelude to a study by J.-C. Perrot, whereas L. Trenard's projects based on a study of the memoirs of the "Intendants" in the XVIIth century are still wider. Within the frame of a Flemish "departement", "la LYS", the author focuses on the financial and human difficulties of the Consulate's administration and presents an unpublished memoir, written by an applicant to the function of "sous-prefet", who had published another on Liege. This text, marked by the spirit of the Enlightenment, mingles a philosophy of the Civil Service to an ethnology or psychology characteristic of the age (for another example, see Revue d'Histoire Economique et Sociale, 1975, p. 297-299).
La crise iconoclaste de 1566 dans la région d'Armentières. Essai de description et d'interprétation
Authors: Regnault J.-M. , Vermander P.
Published: June 2015

J.-M. Regnault and P. Vermander, The iconoclastic crisis of 1566 in the Armentières region ; attempt of description and interpretation.

In the springtime of 1566 in the Lys valley, Armentières is an important Calvinist centre. In August iconoclastic manifestations are vigorous. The minutes of the trials, kept in the "Archives Municipales d 'Armentières" enable us to draw a precise picture of the events and even to restore the words of the iconoclasts themselves. This movement appears, at least at the local level, as an action organized by pastors originating from the region. For the Calvinists this was a means of themselves in front of the Catholics.
Des Croix de Feu au Parti Social Français : une mutation réussie ? L'exemple de la Fédération du Nord (1936-1939)
Authors: Florin Jean-Pierre
Published: June 2015

J.-P. Florin, From the "Croix de Feu" to the "Parti Social Français" a successful mutation ? The example of the "Fédération du Nord" (1936-1939).

How far must the transformation of the "Croix de Feu" League into the "Parti Social Français", made necessary in summer 1936, be interpreted as the actual mutation of a movement verging towards "fascism" into a classical political party ? The study of the "Fédération du Nord" of the P.S.F. (one of the most powerful), of the different opinions advocated by its press and particularly in matters of international policy, and of the P.S.F. candidatures to the district elections of 1937, shows Colonel de La Rocque's organization as being not a "fascist" party but a political formation relying essentially on social conservatism and well in the tradition of French autoritarian right wing movements.
Les Saxons et les origines de Quentovic
Authors: Rouche Michel
Published: June 2015

M. Rouche, The Saxons and the origins of Quentovic.

The search for the origins of the harbour of Quentovic can receive a new impulse if we consider the Saxon settlement in the Vimeu, Ponthieu and Boulonnais of which it was the centre. A special missionary movement evangelized these sea-faring populations from south to north in the course of the Vllth century. Informations provided by geo-history, toponymy, oronymy, numismatology and archaeology prove that these Saxons coming from the mouths of the Elbe, after mixing with other Germanic peoples, settled along the coasts after 435, then again between 500 and 565, the heart of this settlement being the harbour of Quentovic which appeared in the middle of the Vlth century. The development of this harbour was probably similar to that of Hamvic and Dorestadt.
Contribution à la recherche de Quentovic. Découvertes de tessons du Haut Moyen Age dans la Canche
Authors: Cousin J.-L. , Leman Pierre
Published: June 2015

J.-L. Cousin et P. Leman, Contribution to research on the Quentovic site discovery of Higher Middle Ages pottery fragments in the Canche.

In the near surroundings of the presumed location of Quentovic only a few Gallic and Gallo-Roman sites are known.

In 1976, for the first time, during an underwater prospection some fragments which may be dated back to Carlovingian times were found in the bed of the river Canche at Beutin.

Without being absolute evidences ot the location of Quentovic, these findings nevertheless bring us serious indications in the search for the Carovingian Canche harbour.
Un cimetière mérovingien dans les ruines d'un habitat gallo-romain en forêt de Mormal
Authors: Carmelez Jean-Claude
Published: June 2015

J.-Cl. Carmelez, A Merovingian cemetery in the ruins of a Gallo-Roman dwelling in the Mormal forest.

After 1914 excavations carried out in the Mormal forest had enabled Mr. Hénault to discover at the Brai Préchon Merovingian tombs in the ruins of a Gallo-Roman dwelling. One of the sites then located was the object of a closer survey in 1967 and of partial excavations in 1969-70. The remnants of a modest farm building 19.50 m. long x 9.20 m. wide were discovered there and let us think that it was inhabited from the 3rd. quarter of the first century to the middle of the third when it was abandoned. In the course of its history it was rearranged several times.

In those ruins corpses were buried : eight tombs could be found and examined. They were all poorly fitted and provided a scarce material which could however be precisely dated thanks to three sets of silver damascened ornaments made around the middle of the seventh century. A few items deserve being mentioned : a sheath fitting with beads and mouth made of bronze, and also goldsmith's or money-changer's scales.

A pollen analysis proved that clearings tilled since Antiquity returned to waste before being tilled again in the seventh century (presence of buckwheat pollen).
La société urbaine en Pologne au bas Moyen Âge
Authors: Wyrozumski Jerzy
Published: June 2015

Les origines des villes polonaises sont à mettre en rapport avec la naissance de l'Etat polonais au Xème siècle comme avec les progrès économiques et sociaux qui ont marqué l'histoire de la Pologne dans les derniers siècles médiévaux, avec, d'ailleurs, un décalage chronologique par rapport à l'Europe occidentale. Le rôle des Allemands ne fut pas aussi grand, sauf au début, qu'on l'avait naguère affirmé. Et les villes polonaises furent nombreuses, encore qu'un petit nombre seul ait compté une population très supérieure à 1000 ou 2000 h.
Deux poèmes bourguignons sur la prise d'Arras en 1492. Un inédit de Molinet ?
Authors: Lemaire Jacques
Published: June 2015

Le ms. IVème série 541 de la Bibliothèque Royale à Bruxelles contient deux textes qui rappellent le souvenir de la prise d'Arras par les troupes de Maximilien d'Autriche en 1492. Le premier de ces textes, La Chanson d'Arras, évoque quelques-uns des protagonistes de l'action militaire ; ce poème a dû connaître quelque retentissement car il a, par sa structure, inspiré la Chanson sur la prise d'Hesdin (1521). Le second texte est une ballade dialoguée et écrite partiellement en style macaronique : la Ballade au bastard de Cardonne. Elle rappelle aussi, sur le mode ironique, les événements de 1492. Plusieurs indices donnent à penser - sans que l'on puisse avoir aucune certitude - que cette Ballade serait l'oeuvre de Molinet.
L'Hôtel de Ville de Saint-Omer (1834). Un exemple de néo-classicisme tardif
Authors: Duthoy Jean-Jacques
Published: June 2015

L'édifice qui se dresse aujourd'hui sur la Grand-Place de Saint-Omer a succédé à un ensemble de bâtiments construits au Moyen Age, dont la vétusté était telle au début du XIXème siècle qu'il fallut les démolir. Deux projets successifs n'aboutirent pas : celui de G. Couture en 1786 et celui de F. Verly en 1813. L'hôtel de ville actuel a été construit de 1834 à 1840 par P.B. Lefranc, donné parfois comme un élève de Percier et Fontaine, qui a travaillé au service de la famille d'Orléans (Pau, Dreux, Neuilly). Ce bâtiment, souvent critiqué, est un bon témoin de l'architecture néoclassique tardive et fait apparaître combien les références à l'art classique du XVIIème siècle ont été durables en France. Il est d'une majesté un peu lourde, mais d'un rythme large. Noter la qualité du rang de maisons édifié à la même époque et qui compose pour l'édifice un remarquable décor urbain.
La presse des émigrés polonais en France, 1920-1940
Authors: Paczkowski Andrzej
Published: June 2015

Andrzej Paczkowski, De pers van de Poolse emigranten in Frankrijk (1920-1940).

De grote 19de eeuwse uittocht werd in de 2oste eeuw geuolgd door een nieuwe emigratie van mijnwerkers, arbeiders en boeren, wat het publiek voor de Poolse pers wel verruimde maar an- derzijds ook kulturele problemen schiep. Van 1920 tot 1940 verschenen 141 Poolse bladen, vele in Parijs. In Lens en Rijsel verschenen zij echter het langst en probeerden het nieuwe land voor de immigranten wat minder vreemd te maken, met daarenboven Pools nieuws. Sommige kranten kregen steun van de kommunistische partij en de C.G.T.U., andere van de kristendemocratie.
Démocrates chrétiens de la région du Nord dans la Résistance
Authors: Caudron André
Published: June 2015

Les démocrates chrétiens du Nord et du Pas-de-Calais ont commencé à prendre, sitôt l'armistice de 1940, une place importante, sans commune mesure avec de modestes résultats électoraux, dans la Résistance. Ils s'affirment en même temps, d'emblée, antipétainistes et anticollaborationnistes.

Leurs origines sont triples : le petit Parti démocrate populaire (P.D.P.), la Confédération française des travailleurs chrétiens (C.F.T.C.) et l'Action catholique de la jeunesse française (A.C.J.F.), en particulier la Jeunesse Ouvrière Chrétienne (J.O.C).

Ils ne constituent pas de groupe de résistance qui leur soit propre, mais se retrouvent, à titre personnel, dans l'ensemble des mouvements ou réseaux, y compris au Front national et chez les F.T.P., auprès des communistes. Bon nombre d'entre eux occupent des postes-clés, notamment, à "la Voix du Nord".

Deux des leurs, Jean Catrice à Lille et Jules Catoire à Arras, figurent au premier rang de ceux qui préparent la prise du pouvoir, à la libération, en accord avec le Conseil national de la résistance (C.N.R.) et les Comités départementaux de la libération (C.D.L.).

Les "Jeunes Chrétiens Combattants", branche clandestine de l' A.C.J.F., seraient quelque neuf mille en 1944 dans les cinq départements septentrionaux, selon les estimations de leur responsable. Pendant l'été 1944, la création du R.I.C. (Résistants d'inspiration chrétienne) préfigure le lancement du M.R.P., grand parti démocrate chrétien, au lendemain de la libération.
Un chemin gallo-romain du Haut-Empire à Beaumetz-les-Loges (Pas-de-Calais)
Authors: Tuffreau-Libre Marie
Published: June 2015

Des prospections effectuées durant l'été 1977 dans la briqueterie de Beaumetz-les-Loges (Pas-de-Calais), permirent la découverte de vestiges gallo-romains. Ceux-ci correspondaient à un chemin romain, mis en service vers le milieu du 1er siècle. Celui-ci a été utilisé dans un premier temps jusqu'à la fin du 1er siècle. A cette époque, le chemin a dû être rempierré. L'utilisation s'est alors poursuivie jusqu'au début du IIIème siècle. Les céramiques recueillies dans les deux couches de ce chemin datent des Ier et IIème siècles. Elles sont représentatives de la production connue dans le Nord et le Pas-de-Calais à cette époque.
Les voies navigables et l'industrialisation du Nord de la France
Authors: Thbaut Louis
Published: June 2015

Louis Thbaut, "De bevaarbare waterlopen en de industrialisatie in het Noorden van Frankrijk".

Voor de ontwikkeling van de spoorweg zijn de waterlopen, kanalen en rivieren (vroeger zelfs meer gebruikt dan nu bv. de Loire) de enige ekonomische transportwegen voor zware produkten als nv. steenkool, de basis van de industriële revolutie. Heeft de bevaarbare waterloop een eigen ontwikkeling in de 17de en 18de eeuw ? Wanneer men deze evolutie bestudeerd in het Noorden vanaf de inlijving van deze streek bij Frankrijk en onder de impuis van mensen als Vauban, dan merkt men dat men zeer snel politiek belang hecht aan de verbinding van de Oise met de Somme en dan van de Somme met de Schelde. Maar de ware reden ligt op het gebied van de handels-scheepvaart en de wil de graanmarkt uit te breiden om de volgens Physiocrates voor de landbouwrevolutie nodige goede prijzen te verkrijgen, wat ook meebracht dat het wegennet naar de rivieren verbeterd werd.

Zeer snel werd een verband gelegd tussen steenkool en bevaarbare waterloop, waarom- heen zich dan ook andere industrie (glas, raffinerij) vestigt, terwijl men in de streek van Anzin het geheim van de coke voor de staalnijverheid zocht. Hoewel de vooruitgang van de eerste industria- lisatie er bescheiden is, kan men een exacte studie maken van deze verbanden in de streek tussen Schelde en Scarpe (de driehoek Valenciennes, Douai, Cambrai), een studie te vergelijken met die van Chambert voor The Vale of Trent.
Evolution démographique et développement industriel : le douaisis de 1750 à 1870
Authors: Lefebvre Bernard , Thbaut Louis
Published: June 2015

Bernard Lefebvre et Louis Thbaut, "Demografische evolutie en industriële ontwikkeling, de streek van Douai van 1750 tot 1870".

De studie van de evolutie van de bevolkingsdichtheid in 62 gemeenten in de streek van Douai (zonder Douai) tussen 1720 en 1866 levert intéressante verschillen op in snel aangroeiende en stabiel blijvende dorpen, dus immigratie-en emigratiedorpen, waar de vruchtbaarheid ook veel hoger ligt in de eerstgenoemde dorpen.

Heel intéressant is de studie van twee in het begin identieke dorpen Erchin en Aniche. Erchin blijft een landbouwgemeente waaruit het magere bevolkingsoverschot vertrekt. Dank zij de mijnen en de glasblazerijen verdubbelt Aniche driemaal zijn bevolking (na 35 na 20 en na 45 jaar) wat het industriële ontwikkelingsritme volgt . de immigratie en een grote vruchtbaarheid volstaat niet en de mijnwerkersvrouwen nemen gevonden kinderen van het hospies te Parijs aan. Het bestaan van belangrijke industriële archieven en een deugdelijk bevolkingsregister laat een nauwkeurige studie toe zoals de Angelsaksische historici die aan het verband tussen industrialisatie en demografie wijden.
Un fil rompu ? A propos du crédit à Lille sous la Révolution et l'Empire
Authors: Hirsch Jean-Pierre
Published: June 2015

Jean-Pierre Hirsch, "A broken thread ? Credit in Lille under the Revolution and Empire".

Where did trade and manufacture in Lille find the means to afford their growth — considerable notably in cotton-spinning — before the organization of a new banking system ? In the very resources provided by the environment, its possibilities of reconversion, its forms of solidarity. But the mutual credit rests upon regulation and exclusion, as is shown, for example, by the evolution of the function of stock -broker. There remain numerous ways to be explored in order to understand the role of public aid in this development, in particular the laws of the State allowing to mobilize the wealth accumulated on landed property and rural labour force to the benefit of modern enterprises.
Note sur le cimetière mérovingien d'Ecourt-Saint-Quentin (Pas-de-Calais)
Authors: Beaussart Philippe
Published: June 2015

Philippe Beaussart, "Notitie over het merovingisch kerkhof te Ecourt-Saint-Quentin (Pas-de-Calais)"

Net zoals bleek uit de oude ontdekkingen van Dury en Cheresy en uit de localisatie in de nabijheid, van de pottenbakkersoven van Haucourt, illustreert de necropool van Ecourt-Saint-Quentin dezelfde verspreiding van rurale groepen in het merovingisch tijdperk over het uitgestrekte oude gebied van de Atrebaten. Uit de stratigraphie kan men afleiden dat de begraafplaats tijdens twee perioden is gebruikt, dat blijkt uit twee begravingniveau's. De kenmerken van de objekten aangetroffen in graven op het eerste niveau laten toe deze te situeren ten vroegste op het einde van de 6de eeuw, met meer zekerheid in de loop van de volgende eeuw.
Quelques remarques sur les paysages agraires byzantins (VI ème siècle-milieu XI ème siècle)
Authors: Kaplan Michel
Published: June 2015

The study of the Byzantine agricultural landscapes down to the XIth century is, given the absence of any recorded document, first of all a problem of sources ; thus we have to rely on the narrative and judicial texts and on the iconography. Inhabitation seems to be dominated by the type of grouped-population villages, sometimes perched. The village is surrounded by gardens, often planted with trees, where one even finds cereals. Then comes the zone of culture where the open-field seems the dominant feature ; there again the presence of trees is frequent. Further on one finds the cattle-breeding zone, situated at the periphery of the villages, in most cases wooded, and sometimes completed by pastures. The climate often makes irrigation necessary and on the canals small but numerous mills are working.
Le paysage rural du Contado d'Orvieto à la fin du XIII ème siècle d'après le cadastre de 1292
Authors: Carpentier Élisabeth
Published: June 2015

De systematische studie van de woordenschat en de gebruikte cijfers voor de beschrijving van de 52 131 percelen van het Kadaster van Orvieto (1292) en meer speciaal voor de 18471 percelen van het Kadaster van het "Contado" laten toe het landschap in grote lijnen te begrijpen (relief, hydrografie, bebouwing). Men kan dan de bewoning gegroepeerd in "Castra" en "ville" en de percelen bestuderen. Een statistische studie leidt tot een analyse van de oppervlekte en de waarde en laat toe ze te groeperen in eenheden. Die zich uitstrekken rond de bewoningscentra in stukken van steeds grotere omvang en kleinere waarde. Tuinen, wijnstokken en andere gespecialiseerde culturen, graanland, braakland en van bomen en struiken gezuiverde grond en tenslotte bossen en wouden.
Une mutation du paysage rural : villages dépeuplés en Nouvelle Castille, XII ème-XVI ème siècles
Authors: Molénat Jean-Pierre
Published: June 2015

Plus de la moitié des lieux habités mentionnés aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles autour de Tolède disparurent avant la fin du XVème siècle, et leur finage fut transformé en herbages (dehesasj. La condition préalable résidait dans la faiblesse des villages (arabe qarya, espagnol aldea) du point de vue de l'étendue de leurs finages, du nombre de leurs habitants et des droits de ceux-ci sur la terre. Il n'y a pas d'indice de dépeuplement avant le milieu du XIVème siècle, et il faut ensuite distinguer deux périodes. Jusque vers 1450 les propriétaires cherchèrent à freiner le dépeuplement et à maintenir ou reconstituer l'ancien système d'exploitation. Vers 1450 seulement ils optèrent pour celui des dehesas. Les moutons n'ont pas là chassé les hommes, ils les ont remplacé d'abord comme un pis-aller, avant que le conflit avec la reprise démographique de la deuxième moitié du XVème siècle ne donne lieu aux procès du début du XVIème siècle qui révèlent les despoblados antérieurs à eux.
Un paysage vu par les deux bouts de la lorgnette : le Lyonnais dans les documents de la ville, le Lyonnais dans les documents de la campagne
Authors: Lorcin Marie-Thérèse
Published: June 2015

Indien men zich houdt aan de definitie van het woordenboek dan beschrijft geen enkele tekst het landschap van de streek van Lyon voor het werk van N. de Nicolay van 1560. De auteurs van herinneringen zien alleen maar Romeinse acquaducten en een bewolkte hemel. De grondboeken staan vol namen van huidige en vroegere grondbezitters. De "nommées" (vermeldingen) van de inwoners van Lyon vermelden gedetailleerd de landelijke bezittingen, maar alsof deze in een woestijn lagen. De puzzel blijft dus onvolledig. AI deze geschriften zijn wel belangrijk voor de microtoponymie, de enige getuigenis van de landbewoners : de helft tenminste van de namen roept de natuur op (aard van het land, kwaliteit van de grond, beplan- ting, water, fauna enz...)
Les instructions des députés de Douai aux Etats Généraux des Pays-Bas en 1488
Authors: Wellens Robert
Published: June 2015

De houding van de stad Dowaai en de opdracht die meegegeven werd aan de vertegenwoordigers bij de Staten-Generaal in vergadering te Mechelen vanaf 24 februari 1488 om de hechtenis van Maximiliaan van Oostenrijk te Brugge te bespreken, is een mooi voorbeeld van het imperatieve mandaat. De afgevaardigde kon alleen maar ingaan op de eisen van de prins voor zover zijn opdrachtgevers hem dat toelieten. De afgevaardigden van Dowaai hadden dus slechts een zeer beperkt beslissingsrecht : zij hielden hun opdrachtgevers altijd op de hoogte van de besprekingen en vroegen voortdurend om instructies omtrent de aan te nemen houding. Anderzijds eiste de raad van de stad Dowaai steeds een strikte gehoorzaamheid van zijn afgewaardigden. Deze onverzettelijke houding heeft de ondertekening van het alliantieverdrag dat een einde maakte aan de hechtenis van Maximiliaan van Oostenrijk, vertraagd.
L'enquête Maggiolo, un malentendu ?
Authors: Dubois Robert
Published: June 2015

L'étude de l'alphabétisation dans le sud-audomarois au XVIIIème siècle a été réalisée, comme dans l'enquête Maggiolo, à partir des signatures des actes de mariage. L'élimination des veufs, des forains, la prise en compte des citadins, la recherche d'éléments explicatifs ont permis d'obtenir des résultats plus significatifs que ceux de Maggiolo.

En 1786-1790, les taux d'alphabétisation du sud-audomarois, conjoints 58%, conjointes 50§, sont sensiblement supérieurs à ceux de l'échantillon de communes du Pas-de-Calais de Maggiolo, 48,3 et 30,9§, et Ms n'ont guère évolué depuis 1686-1690.

La hiérarchie des résultats dépend bien plus de la hiérarchie sociale que des données géographiques. Seule l'Eglise parait soucieuse de l'éducation des masses mais elle en laisse toute la charge aux communautés d'habitants.
Esquisse d'une évolution sociale : Roubaix sous le Second Empire (1856-1873)
Authors: Bonnier Jean-Claude
Published: June 2015

Dans la voie ouverte par la thèse de doctorat de F.-P. Codaccioni, l'auteur décrit quelques aspects des structures sociales de Roubaix dans la seconde moitié du XIXème siècle, tels qu'ils ressortent des archives de l'Enregistrement.

La vie sociale roubaisienne semble encore plus affairée que son homologue lilloise, dans la mesure où ses protagonistes sont surtout des industriels et négociants et des ouvriers de l'industrie textile.

La période se marque par un enrichissement considérable, qui ne profite pas à tout le monde. La mobilité sociale reste donc bien difficile, tandis que s'amplifie tragiquement l'inégalité sociale.
Maxime Dumoulin, musicien français, poète du Nord
Authors: Guilloux Robert
Published: June 2015

C'est à Lille, où il était né en 1893 que Dumoulin reçut sa première formation musicale (à la maîtrise de la Cathédrale et à l'Ecole de Musique). Lauréat du Conservatoire de Paris en 1918, il se fixa dans la capitale ou, entre les deux guerres ses oeuvres connurent une notoriété croissante brisée par les événements de 1939-40 qui l'obligèrent à se réfugier à Châtellerault où il résida jusqu'à sa mort survenue en 1972. Fasciné toute sa vie par ce qui a trait à l'Europe septentrionale et à son pays natal où il revenait périodiquement, Dumoulin évoque dans ses compositions musicales mille aspects du Nord : vieux quartiers de Lille, villes flamandes, cortèges, processions, légendes, etc.. De son oeuvre qui comporte 150 partitions d'une inspiration très personnelle, signalons essentiellement : 2 symphonies, 6 poèmes symphoniques, 11 suites et 3 sonates pour piano, de la musique de chambre, des mélodies, 11 messes sur des thèmes grégoriens, des pièces d'orgue autant d'ouvrages que l'Association des Amis de M. Dumoulin (siège social à Poitiers) s'efforce de protéger de l'oubli .
A MULTIPLE CRITERIA DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM FOR ANALYZING THE CORRELATION BETWEEN THE THICKNESS OF A THERMO-INSULATION LAYER AND ITS PAYBACK PERIOD OF THE EXTERNAL WALL
Authors: Aviža Donatas , Turskis Zenonas , Kaklauskas Artūras
Published: June 2015

A case study provides the correlation analysis of the thickness of the thermo-insulation layer (expanded polystyrene – EPS70) of the typical details of the external wall and energy performance class in a modern newly constructed residential low-energy building (one and two-room apartment). The conducted analysis focused on what impact different geographical areas of building construction and different energy performance classes of the building may had on the thickness of the thermo-insulation layer. Lithuania was chosen as the object of this study. Calculations were carried out in seven towns, including Vilnius, Klaipeda, Kaunas, Siauliai, Panevezys, Utena and Dukstas. According to requirements for legal acts passed in the Republic of Lithuania and to Directive 2010/31/EU (2010), as a result, the necessary thickness of thermo-insulation layers (EPS70) and a payback period were calculated. A multiple criteria decision support system for analyzing the correlation between the thickness of the thermo-insulation layer and its payback period of the external wall (DSS-ACTILPW) consisting of a database, a database management system, a model-base, a model-base management system and a user interface was developed. Information on the performed analysis is important to building designers, energy consumption auditors and investment experts who make the final decisions on energy efficiency of buildings in the residential building sector.
Social Media and Social Change
Authors: Goldkind Lauri , McNutt John G.
Published: June 2015

Technological advances in communications tools, the Internet, and the advent of social media have changed the ways in which nonprofit organizations engage with their various constituents. Nonprofits now have a constellation of tools including: interactive social media sites, mobile applications (apps), Websites, and mash-ups that allow them to create a comprehensive system for mobilizing supports to advocate for changing public policies. From Facebook to Twitter and from YouTube to Pinterest, communicating to many via words and images has never been easier. The authors explore the history of nonprofit advocacy and organizing, describe the social media and technology tools available for moving advocacy goals forward, and conclude with some possible challenges that organizations considering these tools could face.
Getting Started with Social Media for Knowledge Management
Authors: Crosby Connie
Published: June 2015

This chapter explores how, as social media tools and platforms become more common inside organizations, KM teams need to incorporate them into their toolbox. It is necessary to learn how they work and how they can be used to be effective in accomplishing the organization's knowledge and information-related goals. It is not as easy as jumping onto Facebook or Twitter and suddenly engaging. The technology is more difficult to set up; getting buy-in from senior executives is not always easy; and getting a sufficiently wide adoption of the tools can be a challenge if employees are not ready for it. Planning and change management are needed to encourage success.
Web 2.0 in Governance
Authors: Spiliotopoulou Lefkothea , Charalabidis Yannis
Published: June 2015

There has been significant research in the private sector towards systematic exploitation of the emerging Web 2.0/Web 3.0 and social media paradigms. However, not much has been achieved with regards to the embodiment of similar technologies. Currently, governments and organizations are making considerable efforts, trying to enhance citizens' participation in decision-making and policy-formulation processes. This chapter presents a novel policy analysis framework, proposing a Web-based platform that enables publishing content and micro-applications to multiple Web 2.0 social media and collecting citizens' interactions (e.g. comments, ratings) with efficient use of Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) of these media. Citizens' opinions and interactions can then be processed through different techniques or methods (Web analytics, opinion mining, simulation modeling) in order to use the extracted conclusions as support to government decision and policy makers.
Social Media Tools Adoption and Use by SMEs
Authors: Wamba Samuel Fosso , Carter Lemuria
Published: June 2015

Despite the recent increase in the adoption and use of social media tools to support firm operations, very little empirical research focusing on small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) has been conducted to-date. The aim of this study is to fill this knowledge gap by investigating SME adoption of social media tools. In particular, we assess the impact of organizational, manager and environmental characteristics on SME utilization of the Facebook Events Page. To test our proposed research model, we administered a survey to 453 SME managers. Results of a hierarchical logistic regression indicate that firm innovativeness, firm size, manager's age and industry sector all have a significant impact on social media adoption. Implications for research and practice are discussed.
Identifying the Applicable Nature of Social Media as Tools for Advancing Preservice Teachers' Epistemologies
Authors: Grote-Garcia Stephanie , St. Clair Norman , Martinez Elda , St. Clair Bobbie Holmes
Published: June 2015

The purpose of this chapter is to discuss a qualitative study that explored the use of seven social-media venues in advancing the pedagogical reasoning of preservice teachers. For this study, pedagogical reasoning is broken into six phases as defined in Shulman's (1987) Model of Pedagogical Reasoning and Action (i.e., comprehension, transformation, instruction, evaluation, reflection, and new comprehension). Shulman's model provided the framework for the research tool – a checklist, titled by the researchers as the Checklist of Social Media and Epistemological Advancement (CSMEA). This tool assisted the researchers with examining social-media venues for opportunities to advance preservice teachers' skills within the various phases of pedagogical reasoning. The social-media venues examined were Crocodoc Personal, Facebook, Pinterest, Poll Everywhere, Twitter, Weebly, and Youtube. This chapter provides an in-depth description of the study, explores the findings of the study, and discusses implications for the future.
Retail and Social Media Marketing
Authors: Negri Francesca
Published: June 2015

The Internet has revolutionized almost every facet of business and personal life. We are facing a far-reaching revolution, driven by Social Networking Sites (SNSs) where people talk about their life, purchases, and experiences. Mobile devices and tablets are replacing computers as the main access point to the Internet. Customer expectations are rising constantly with the development of new technologies. Social Media comes in many forms: blogs, media sharing sites, forums, review sites, virtual worlds, social networking sites, etc. Social Networking Sites (SNSs), the focus of this chapter, are the most disruptive social media and a key opportunity for business. Most industries recognized in that shift the potential for a more intimate and productive relationship with customers. Nowadays, retailers have no choice in whether they do social media: they only have the choice of how well they do it. Retailers need to convert browsers to buyers, and one-time customers to loyal sharing fans, so that they become advocates in the real and virtual worlds. The shift is deep: from one-way communication to conversation, and from advertising as an interruption to the interactivity in all locations. The originality of the chapter consists on its introduction of the concept of Social Networking Sites (SNSs) as an integration of the retailing marketing mix, defining its role in a marketing strategy, and providing some managerial implications for practitioners. After an introductive overview of the trend adopting a retailer point of view, four are the chapter's cornerstones: opportunities belonging from geolocation; how to plan a social media strategy; a new channel of interaction between customers and retailers: the social customer service; how to face a crisis in a Web 2.0 context. These are four brand new ways to engage consumers. This topic is relatively new and in continuous becoming, and much of interest remains to be said about it. The chapter's approach is to present what the authors believe to be the most relevant for a retailer facing a social networking challenge.
A Theoretical Model for Digital Reverberations of City Spaces and Public Places
Authors: Zimmerman Christopher , Hansen Kjeld , Vatrapu Ravi
Published: June 2015

The increasing pervasiveness of Internet connected devices and services is altering the perception and practice of public spaces through the provisioning of location-specific digital information. Location-aware technologies allow people to access, annotate, address and attach information to locations, which transforms the space for other people who use the same services. Such locations acquire relevance and reshape social and spatial interactions through increased use on social media as people ‘check-in' to places, photograph or ‘like' them. Collectively the authors are marking-up the city around them. The popularization of location-aware technologies thus contributes to the changing meaning of locations in cities. In contrast to the technological focus in the emerging discourses on smart cities and big data, this paper offers an alternative view of the three lenses of Social, Local and Mobile technologies that describe and explain crowd-sourced socio-technical layers on the city landscape. The proposed integrated theoretical model describes the relevant information linkages between people and places in the online and offline worlds and introduces a new evaluation method for the evaluation of city places: affinity spectrum of social endorsements. The authors conclude with a discussion of the new opportunities for governments to better understand socially emergent ‘urban qualities' and how citizens construct and appreciate them in order better convert city places into public spaces.
Participation in Social Networks as Feral Information Systems
Authors: Franchi Enrico , Poggi Agostino , Tomaiuolo Michele
Published: June 2015

Social networking systems blur the distinction between the private and working spheres, and users are known to use such systems both at home and at the work place, both professionally and with recreational goals. In fact, several traditional information systems have been modified in order to include social aspects. However, in the vast majority of cases, social networking platforms are used without corporate blessing, maintaining their status as feral systems. This chapter provides some background notions about theories of participation in social networks. In particular, it reviews the notion of social capital, which may be important both for the individuals that are able to accumulate large amounts and for organizations. Subsequently, it shows the role of social capital in the participation in online social networking activities, in the various cases of virtual organizations, virtual teams, and online networks of practice. Finally, it describes the present situation and some possible prospects where social elements are being increasingly introduced into more traditional business systems, such as CRMs and ERPs, with great promises and mixed initial results.
New Visual Social Media for the Higher Education Classroom
Authors: Delello Julie A. , McWhorter Rochell R.
Published: June 2015

This chapter examines how next-generation visual social platforms motivate students to capture authentic evidence of their learning and achievements, publish digital artifacts, and share content across visual social media. Educators are facing the immediate task of integrating social media into their current practice to meet the needs of the twenty-first century learner. Using a case study, this chapter highlights through empirical work how nascent visual social media platforms such as Pinterest are being utilized in the college classroom and concludes with projections on ways visual networking platforms will transform traditional models of education.