bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Area-Based Marine Protection in Canada
Authors: Hubert Anna-Maria , Gray Stuart
Published: July 2020

Over the past few years, Canada has achieved significant progress in its efforts to meet its international and domestic commitments to area-based marine protection. It has now extended protections, in some form, to almost eight per cent of its coastal and ocean waters. However, critical issues remain concerning implementation. This article describes and critically analyses Canada’s progress on area-based marine protection in view of international principles, standards, and criteria. It provides an overview of the broader jurisdictional, legislative, and policy framework for area-based marine protection, before outlining the key federal legislative schemes that form Canada’s marine protected areas (mpas) network. It also discusses provincial (subnational) area-based marine protection, as well as new initiatives to establish offshore Indigenous protected and conserved areas, and highlights cooperative arrangements made with other states. Finally, it provides some future outlooks for area-based marine protection in Canada.
Going Big in the Pacific
Authors: Hanich Quentin , Schofield Clive , Smyth Chris
Published: July 2020

The definition of large-scale marine protected areas in the Pacific Ocean is fundamental to the achievement of global marine conservation targets. The threatened nature of the global ocean is emphasised, the evolution of global spatial targets for marine conservation outlined and the implementation of large-scale marine protected areas in Australia and the Pacific Ocean more broadly is reviewed. The article concludes with some reflections on the efficacy of such mechanisms in the Pacific.
Dinamiche cultuali ad Assur in età arsacide: alcune osservazioni
Authors: Marcato Enrico
Published: July 2020

The massive Temenos of Assor and Serū (Assyrian Aššur and Šerūʾa) in Arsacid Ashur testifies to the cult of ancient Assyrian deities in this venerable, albeit peripheric, city in Northern Mesopotamia between the 1st and 3rd centuries AD. It is also well known that the temple of Assor and Serū proper, built exactly above the Neo-Assyrian temple of Aššur, has yielded several Aramaic inscriptions that provide substantial evidence for the continuity of some Assyrian cults, onomastic, and religious calendar. Thanks to the joint analysis of epigraphic and archaeological data from the temple, the present paper aims at highlighting some aspects of cultic practice, namely the regular presence of some individuals during solemn festivities.
The Influence of Verbal Semantics on Agreement Patterns in Arabic: the Role of Agenthood
Authors: D’Anna Luca
Published: July 2020

The present paper, based on a complete analysis of the Quranic text, investigates the influence of verbal semantics on agreement choices in Quranic Arabic. Building on the principle according to which, when a language shifts from a prevalently formal agreement system to a partially semantic one, conditions gain more importance (Fleischer, Rieken, Widmer 2015: 21), it focuses on the role of agenthood (or agency) in triggering syntactic agreement. The analysis of the data reveals that the occurrence of an action verb and of an agent subject favors syntactic agreement in the feminine plural, although not systematically. Passive verbs, copulas and state verbs, in which the subject is either a patient or an experiencer, on the other hand, strongly favor semantic agreement in the feminine singular. From this perspective, moreover, Quranic Arabic seems to represent a more innovative stage of the language when compared to pre-Islamic poetry, described in D’Anna (forth.).
Abel and Dan (2 Sam 20:18–19) in Textual Criticism, Tradition History, and Archaeology
Authors: de Hulster Izaak J. , Kauhanen Tuukka
Published: July 2020

The MT form of the saying of the wise woman in 2 Sam 20:18–19 presents multiple text-critical problems. Instead of “Let them inquire at Abel,” the LXX refers to “Abel and Dan.” The notion of the wise woman being “one of those who are peaceable and faithful in Israel” (NRSV) is grammatically difficult; the LXX reads differently: “what the faithful of Israel had established, had been abandoned.” This article seeks to bring textual criticism into discussion with an archaeological analysis, including a tradition-historical angle on the story, by: 1. Re-examining the textual evidence, with due consideration of the Septuagint; 2. Considering the archaeological findings of Iron Age sites at Tel Abel and Tel Dan; 3. Examining the textual and iconographic implications of the motif “woman on the wall;” and 4. Evaluating the plausibility of the historical settings implied in the story in light of the textual and archaeological evidence.
Halamphora siqueirosii (Bacillariophyta), a new diatom species isolated from a hypersaline evaporation pond in Baja California Peninsula, Mexico

Authors: LÓPEZ-FUERTE FRANCISCO OMAR , ESTELA SALA SILVIA , LORA-VILCHIS MARIA CONCEPCIÓN , MURUGAN GOPAL
Published: July 2020

Halamphora siqueirosii sp. nov. is a marine benthic diatom isolated as a monoclonal culture from a hypersaline evaporation pond at the Guerrero Negro Saltworks, Baja California Sur, Mexico. Analysis of the valve ultrastructure of this taxon using light and electron microscopy indicated that its uniseriate striae and the density of its dorsal striae are useful characteristics for discriminating H. siqueirosii from other species with similar morphological patterns. The phylogenetic analyses performed with nuclear ribosomal genes, the small (18S) and large subunits (28S), and chloroplast gene ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase (rbcL) fragments showed that H. siqueirosii is closely related to H. americana, H. calidilacuna and H. incelebrata. Morphological differences between this new species and similar ones are discussed.
New Superphylum “Monosporangiophyta” for grouping Marchantiophyta, Bryophyta s.str. and Anthocerotophyta

Authors: MAJUMDAR SHUVADEEP
Published: July 2020

A new Superphylum “Monosporangiophyta” is proposed here to accommodate three phyla, viz. Marchantiophyta, Bryophyta s.str. and Anthocerotophyta under Kingdom Plantae. Among land plants, pteridophytes, gymnosperms and angiosperms together are included under Superphylum “Polysporangiophyta”. A natural group named “setaphytes” was earlier put forward to accommodate both mosses and liverworts.
First fossil of the Giant Armored Catfish Acanthicus (Siluriformes, Loricariidae) from the Late Miocene of Entre Ríos Province, Argentina
Authors: BOGAN SERGIO , AGNOLIN FEDERICO L.
Published: July 2020

Loricariidae is a very diverse lineage of Neotropical fishes, being the most speciose family of the order Siluriformes. However, the loricariid fossil record is still very sparse. The aim of the present contribution is to describe in detail several bones belonging to the loricariid genus Acanthicus coming from late Miocene beds located at the Paraná River cliffs, Entre Ríos province, Argentina. Fishes of the Acanthicus clade are currently restricted to the northern half of South America, being mainly distributed in the Orinoco and Amazonas basins, with a single genus reaching the Paraná-Plata basin. Acanthicus adds to the list of several taxa that are shared by the Miocene of Paraná, Amazonas and Orinoco basins, but that nowadays are absent in the former (e.g., Colossoma, Phractocephalus, and Brachyplatystoma), and are typical of large river channels. This report of Acanthicus supports a close affinity between freshwater faunas of the Paraná, Orinoco, and Amazonas basins. Miocene fossils of freshwater fishes recorded in Paraná beds shed light on the connections between ancient basins of South America and also indicate that several fish clades suffered regional extinctions during the late Neogene or the beginning of the Quaternary.
A new species of Trimma (Pisces: Gobiidae) from the northern Palauan Islands, western Pacific Ocean
Authors: WINTERBOTTOM RICHARD
Published: July 2020

A new species of Trimma is described from the northern Palaun islands. Trimma kalum n. sp. lacks scales on the cheeks, opercle and nape, has an elongate second spine of the first dorsal fin, reaching posteriorly to the base of the 2nd–10th ray of the second dorsal fin when adpressed, 17–18 pectoral-fin rays with 12–13 branched rays in the middle of the fin, a single dichotomous branch point in the 5th pelvic-fin ray, which is 51–75% the length of the 4th ray, a very well developed dermal crest in the midline between the base of the first dorsal spine and the posterior interorbital region, a U-shaped interorbital trench with no fleshy median ridge, a poorly developed postorbital trench ending between the 4th to 5th papillae in row p, which has 6 papillae in total, and there are 5 papillae in row c beneath the eye. When live and freshly collected, the species is very similar in appearance to T. sheppardi, with an overall yellow body, three yellow bars across the cheek, and a double dark spot above the posterior portion of the opercle.
Effect of SIRT1 on Bone Marrow Stromal Stem Cells in High Glucose Environment and Related Mechanisms
Authors: Wang Yajun , Wang Zongjiang , Sun Honggang , Song Jianrong , Xu Chao
Published: July 2020

Silencing information regulator (SIRT1) involves in endocrine diseases. However, whether SIRT1 participates in BMSCs under high glucose environment remains unclear. Rat BMSCs were isolated and divided into control group; high glucose group; and SIRT1 group, in which SIRT1 agonist (Resveratrol)
was added to high glucose BMSCs followed by analysis of SIRT1, Bax and Bcl-2 expression by real time PCR and ELISA, cell proliferation by MTT assay, Caspase3 activity, ALP activity, calcification nodule formation by alizarin red staining, changes of ROS and SOD activities, PI3K signaling pathway
by Western blot. SIRT1 expression was significantly decreased in BMSCs in high glucose group, with inhibited cell proliferation, increased Caspase 3 activity, Bax expression, and ROS content, decreased Bcl-2 expression, ALP activity, SOD activity, as well as reduced formation of calcified
nodules and phosphorylation of PI3K compared to control (P < 0.05). Addition of Resveratrol significantly promoted SIRT1 expression and cell proliferation of BMSCs in high glucose group, decreased Caspase 3 activity, Bax expression, and ROS content, increased Bcl-2 expression, ALP
activity, SOD activity, as well as increased formation of calcified nodules and phosphorylation of PI3K (P < 0.05). SIRT1 expression is decreased in BMSCs in high glucose group. Increasing SIRT1 expression in BMSCs under high glucose environment promoted proliferation of BMSCs and the formation
of calcified nodules by regulating oxidative stress and activating PI3K signaling pathway.
miR-124 Regulates Caveolin-1 Expression and Affects Proliferation and Apoptosis of Osteosarcoma Cells
Authors: Ma Huanzhi , Wang Jian , Shi Jun , Zhang Wei , Zhou Dongsheng
Published: July 2020

Osteosarcoma (OS) seriously affects human health. miR-124 expression is closely related to osteosarcoma, but its specific mechanism remains unclear. Our study intends to evaluate miR-124’s effect on osteosarcoma. MG-63 cells were transfected with miR-124 mimics/NC followed by
analysis of miR-124 expression by real-time PCR, cell proliferation by CCK8 assay, cell apoptosis by flow cytometry as well as the level of caveolin-1 (CAV1) by Western blot. miR-124 was significantly lower and CAV1 was increased in the four osteosarcoma cells than those in normal osteoblasts
(P < 0.05). miR-124 mimics transfection significantly reduced CAV1 level and cell number (P < 0.05) and increased cell apoptosis rate (P < 0.05). Moreover, miR-124 inhibitor significantly promoted the relative luciferase activity in pmirGLO-CAV1-3′UTR-wt-transfected
cells (P < 0.05). miR-124 affects osteosarcoma cell proliferation and apoptosis via targeting CAV1.
The Appropriateness of Sum Scores as Estimates of Factor Scores in the Multiple Factor Analysis of Ordered-Categorical Responses
Authors: Ferrando Pere J. , Lorenzo-Seva Urbano
Published: July 2020

Unit-weight sum scores (UWSSs) are routinely used as estimates of factor scores on the basis of solutions obtained with the nonlinear exploratory factor analysis (EFA) model for ordered-categorical responses. Theoretically, this practice results in a loss of information and accuracy, and is expected to lead to biased estimates. However, the practical relevance of these limitations is far from clear. In this article, we adopt an empirical view and propose indices and procedures (some of them new) for assessing the appropriateness of UWSSs in nonlinear EFA applications. A new automated approach for obtaining UWSSs that maximize fidelity and correlational accuracy is proposed. The appropriateness of UWSSs under different conditions and the behavior of the present proposal in comparison with other more common approaches are assessed with a simulation study. A tutorial for interested practitioners is presented using an illustrative example based on a well-known personality questionnaire. All the procedures proposed in the article have been implemented in a well-known noncommercial EFA program.
Factors Associated With Gifted Identification for Ethnically Diverse Children in Poverty
Authors: Ricciardi Courtney , Haag-Wolf Allison , Winsler Adam
Published: July 2020

We analyzed data from a large-scale ( N = 39,213), longitudinal study of urban students to assess child factors (gender, ethnicity, English language learner status, school readiness skills, type of pre-K attended, early elementary school academic performance) prospectively associated with eventual gifted identification in elementary school. Overall, 14.2% of students were identified as gifted in K-5th grade, with the majority identified by second grade. Multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that White and Latino students were more likely to be identified as gifted than Black students, even controlling for poverty and early academic performance. English language learners, boys, and those who attended public school pre-K programs were more likely to be identified controlling for other factors. School readiness assessments were also useful for predicting giftedness.
Multicarrier multimodulation techniques in multilevel neutral point clamped inverter setup for advanced power electronics and drives lab
Authors: Mane Jayant J , Aware Mohan V , Khubalkar Swapnil W
Published: July 2020

A laboratory setup is developed to experimentally reinforce the student’s understanding of multilevel neutral point clamped inverter operated with various multicarrier and modulation reference signals. Sixteen combinations of carrier and reference signals out of many more possible are studied in this setup. The lab module is project-based and is designed to perform experiments for the ‘advanced power electronics and drives’ course at the undergraduate level. The hardware implementation details of the multilevel inverter are given in detail for reference to the teachers, students and researchers. Flexible hardware able to be driven by an analogue pulse-generation circuit is explained here or by an external digital programmable device is developed. With the help of dSPACE, complex reference signals are produced for performance analysis.
Reconceptualizing Social Distancing: Teletherapy and Social Inequality During the COVID-19 and Loneliness Pandemics
Authors: Luiggi-Hernández José G. , Rivera-Amador Andrés I.
Published: July 2020

The purpose of this article is to highlight the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic amid a preexisting loneliness epidemic, as well as argue in favor of the reconceptualization of social distancing as physical distancing. As public health measures require us to take up possibly isolating practices in order to reduce and eliminate the spread of the virus, it is important to develop or take up new forms of prosocial yet physically distant dynamics in order to address the negative psychological impact of these measures. The negative consequences of public health interventions might increase feelings loneliness and isolation experienced within Western industrialized societies. For this reason, teletherapy serves as temporary (and limited) intervention that could ameliorate the psychological effects of isolation. It could also serve as a space for the development of critical consciousness, as people reflect on the sociopolitical and economic impacts these measures have on them, and how they wish to address them. Nevertheless, we also offer an ethical cautionary tale to the application of teletherapy beyond the current emergency pandemic of the COVID-19.
We’re All Going Crazy Now: How the COVID-19 Pandemic Can Promote More Compassionate Clinical Perspectives
Authors: Calder Alexander J. , Novak Lukas F. , Lane Alexandra
Published: July 2020

Categorical conceptions of mental disorder divide individuals’ functioning into the categories of normal and abnormal. It is well established that normal functioning is partially culturally defined and understood with reference to culturally expected responses to daily life. However, when a radical and unprecedented situation occurs, as in the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, these expectations become less clearly defined, and any categorical account of mental disorder becomes obscured. We argue that, in the midst of this pandemic, traditional hierarchies between the clinician and their client are challenged, because categorical interpretations of mental disorder are less applicable. We use this observation to argue that incidents like the COVID-19 pandemic reveal the ambiguity and permeability of the divide between normal and abnormal functioning, while recommending more humanistic perspectives on individual distress.
Fostering Participation During Literacy Instruction in Inclusive Classrooms for Students With Complex Support Needs: Educators’ Strategies and Perspectives
Authors: Zagona Alison L. , Lansey Kirsten R. , Kurth Jennifer A. , Kuhlemeier Alena
Published: July 2020

Existing research has documented evidence-based practices that are effective for supporting students with complex support needs (CSN) to learn academic skills. However, there is a need to learn more about effective instructional strategies for students with CSN during literacy lessons in general education classrooms. In addition, there is a need to understand general education teachers’ perspectives on these strategies, including how they learned about them. The purpose of this study was to understand (a) the extent of participation of students with CSN in literacy instruction and activities in general education classrooms, (b) the supports educators provide during these activities, and (c) how educators learned about the strategies they use in their classrooms. We observed nine students with CSN and conducted follow-up interviews with their classroom teachers. Overall, students participated in academic activities for a majority of observations, and these activities addressed a variety of different literacy skills. Educators used research-based instructional practices to support the students including prompts and visual supports. During follow-up interviews, general education teachers described the strategies they used to support students with CSN, and they described how they learned about these strategies. Implications for future research and practice are presented.
Implementing an asset-based approach: A case study of innovative community policing from Hawkhill, Scotland
Authors: Jack Keith , Frondigoun Liz , Smith Robert
Published: July 2020

This case study reports on a 5-year project which has been running in Hawkhill, a deprived area in central Scotland where violent crime was also of concern. It highlights the steps necessary to move from theory to implementation: the process and impact of change of a unique, innovative police/partnership policy within the framework of Scottish Policing. Through auto-ethnography it reports on utilising an asset-based approach for reducing offending, improving health, well-being and local community conditions by supporting and building on its assets, connecting people and creating conditions for respectful, meaningful, partnership working where all partners can make a valuable contribution.
Principals in Urban Schools Under Pressure: Relations With Parents in the Era of Test-Based Accountability
Authors: Conwell Jordan A. , Ispa-Landa Simone
Published: July 2020

We conducted an inductive analysis of 166 interviews from a longitudinal study of 26 Chicago Public School principals. Test-based accountability pressures played a visible role in principals’ views of and relations with parents. Some principals reported banning parents from classrooms based on the need to protect instructional time to raise test scores; others thought more parental involvement would help their school reach its academic goals. Viewing principals in urban schools as street-level bureaucrats who have discretion in how they implement policy demands offers a way to understand variation in principals’ decisions about parent involvement.
Stability of digital filters subject to external interference and state-delay
Authors: Kokil Priyanka , Parthipan CG
Published: July 2020

This paper presents passivity-based results to address stability of interfered digital filters with state-delay and saturation nonlinearities. A very-strict passivity condition is proposed for the digital filters by using an appropriate Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional. The established criterion ensures limit-cycle free realization of state-delayed interfered digital filters using saturation arithmetic. Conditions for passivity, input-strict passivity and output-strict passivity of the digital filters are obtained as special cases of the proposed result. In addition, an asymptotic stability condition for the digital filters with zero external interference is presented. It is also demonstrated that a stability condition reported in a recent work may be recovered from the established criterion. Numerical simulations are given to demonstrate worthiness of the proposed results.
Continuous dynamic sliding mode control of converter-fed DC motor system with high order mismatched disturbance compensation
Authors: Rauf Arshad , Li Shihua , Madonski Rafal , Yang Jun
Published: July 2020

The combination of DC-DC buck power converters with DC motors for generating the so-called smooth start of drives has many advantages in engineering practice. Achieving high performance of such systems is, however, limited by the influence of disturbances/uncertainties of multiple sources. Some of the disturbances are mismatched, which makes them even more difficult to handle. Furthermore, the relatively high order of system dynamics makes the control design challenging. In this paper, a control structure with continuous dynamic sliding mode controller with a finite-time disturbance observer is proposed to address these practical issues. First, a special state transformation is applied, aggregating the acting disturbances/uncertainties in a sole perturbing term of the system expressed in new coordinates. Then, the observer estimates in real time the information about the lumped disturbances based on already available input/output signals and the obtained estimated signals (and their high order time-derivatives) are used to construct a sliding surface. Finally, the sliding mode controller is applied to achieve high performance of the resultant plant dynamics and to robustify the governing scheme against modelling discrepancies. The stability of the closed-loop system is proved here using Lyapunov stability theory and the efficiency of the proposed control method is validated through a multi-criteria numerical simulation.
Making Fixed-Precision Between-Item Multidimensional Computerized Adaptive Tests Even Shorter by Reducing the Asymmetry Between Selection and Stopping Rules
Authors: Braeken Johan , Paap Muirne C. S.
Published: July 2020

Fixed-precision between-item multidimensional computerized adaptive tests (MCATs) are becoming increasingly popular. The current generation of item-selection rules used in these types of MCATs typically optimize a single-valued objective criterion for multivariate precision (e.g., Fisher information volume). In contrast, when all dimensions are of interest, the stopping rule is typically defined in terms of a required fixed marginal precision per dimension. This asymmetry between multivariate precision for selection and marginal precision for stopping, which is not present in unidimensional computerized adaptive tests, has received little attention thus far. In this article, we will discuss this selection-stopping asymmetry and its consequences, and introduce and evaluate three alternative item-selection approaches. These alternatives are computationally inexpensive, easy to communicate and implement, and result in effective fixed-marginal-precision MCATs that are shorter in test length than with the current generation of item-selection approaches.
Spatial Agglomerations in the Spanish Food Industry: Does Sectorial Disaggregation Matter?
Authors: Giner-Pérez José Miguel , Santa-María María Jesús
Published: July 2020

The food industry is the most important industrial activity in Spain in terms of production and employment; its spatial concentration is considerable. However, there is a lack of quantitative research on its agglomerations, especially at high levels of spatial and sectorial disaggregation. With the study presented, this deficit is addressed, using systematic and quantitative methods to examine the spatial agglomeration in the subsectors that the food industry is specialized. Spanish food industry clusters have been identified by applying a top-down quantitative methodological approach—the cluster index—and following a high level of territorial and sectorial disaggregation. Clusters were identified at the three- and four-digit sectorial disaggregation. The number of four-digit-level relevant clusters was higher than three-digit disaggregation. This evidence was verified using nonparametric statistical tests (Wilcoxon signed-rank test). Furthermore, the analysis of four significant three-digit subsectors allows us to advance two alternative explanations for the divergent results at the different levels of the analysis (three digits vs. four digits). This partly explains the potential competitiveness of Spain in the food industry and shows the possibility of establishing policies for the development of clusters.
National Competencies for Registered Nurses in Primary Care: A Delphi Study
Authors: Lukewich Julia , Allard Michelle , Ashley Lisa , Aubrey-Bassler Kris , Bryant-Lukosius Denise , Klassen Treena , Magee Tanya , Martin-Misener Ruth , Mathews Maria , Poitras Marie-Eve , Roussel Josette , Ryan Dana , Schofield Ruth , Tranmer Joan , Valaitis Ruta , Wong Sabrina T.
Published: July 2020

A Delphi (consensus) process was used to obtain national agreement on competencies for registered nurses (RNs) in primary care. A draft of competencies was developed by key informants. Following this, nurses with primary care experience/expertise completed a Delphi survey to rate the importance of competency statements on a six-point Likert scale. Statements not reaching consensus (agreement ≥80%) were modified and included in a second (final) round. The first survey was completed by 63% ( n = 86/137) of participants and 84% ( n = 72/86) of these participants completed the second survey. Most statements ( n = 45) achieved agreement after the first survey; one statement was dropped and two were combined following the second round. The final list of competencies consists of 47 statements across six domains (professionalism; clinical practice; communication; collaboration and partnership; quality assurance, evaluation, and research; leadership). National competencies will help strengthen the RN workforce within primary care, improve team functioning, and support role integration/optimization.
Coronary-coronary bypass grafting: artery or vein?
Authors: Bazylev Vladlen , Rosseikin Evgeny , Tungusov Dmitriy , Mikulyak Artur
Published: July 2020

Background

The method of coronary-coronary bypass grafting was described in 1987 but has not been widely used, and there are only a few studies that report good short-term and mid-term results as well as some individual cases of long-term follow-up. In our medical institution, we carried out an analysis of the long-term results of coronary-coronary bypass grafting, which are presented in this study.

Methods

This was a retrospective single-center study on 95 patients who underwent coronary-coronary bypass grafting as a supplement to the standard coronary bypass grafting procedure. All patients underwent angiographic assessment of the coronary bypass grafts during the long-term follow-up period. The observation period was up to 123 months. Angiographic assessment of 109 coronary-coronary grafts was carried out.

Results

Twelve (7.6%) arterial and 11 (19.3%) venous conduits were found to be occluded, and 8 (10.3%) arterial and 10 (31.3%) venous coronary-coronary grafts were occluded during the observation period.

Conclusion

Arterial coronary-coronary artery bypass grafting represents an alternative technique that allows complete myocardial revascularization.
Functional, work-related rehabilitative programming for cancer survivors experiencing cancer-related fatigue
Authors: Dolgoy Naomi , Brose Julie M , Dao Thao , Suderman Kirsten , Gross Douglas P , Ho Chester , Culos-Reed S Nicole , McNeely Margaret L
Published: July 2020

Introduction

Cancer-related fatigue negatively impacts 50–90% of cancer survivors. In North America, approximately 50% of return-to-work interventions initially fail for survivors, with cancer-related fatigue often cited as a barrier to workability. Occupational therapy-driven cancer-related fatigue work-related programming for survivors is sparse, despite many published reviews calling for interdisciplinary interventions; to address work-related performance, specific functional interventions are likely to be needed. Further exploration and a broader understanding of survivors’ cancer-related fatigue management, participation in rehabilitative programmes, and plans for return to work are necessary to target survivor needs better.

Method

Drawing on social theory, this exploratory descriptive study utilised content and thematic analysis of interviews from 12 survivors to explore and describe the perspectives of survivors experiencing cancer-related fatigue yet desiring to work.

Results

Content analysis reflected distinct differences in fatigue-related terminology. Thematic analysis identified three themes specific to cancer-related fatigue and workability: valuing physical wellness, perceived cognitive impacts of cancer-related fatigue on function and workability, and the lack of transition from physical exercise to functional work-related activities.

Conclusion

Survivors identified gaps in care related to managing cognitive symptoms and the need for functional, work-related interventions to manage cancer-related fatigue. With their expertise in function, occupational therapists are well positioned to facilitate work-specific interventions, within cancer-specific exercise programming.
Geographies of qualification in the global fine wine market
Authors: Rainer Gerhard
Published: July 2020

Although questions of “quality” have gained prominence in economic geography, research has not fully explored recent discussions on processes of qualification in economic sociology. This paper has two key aims. The first is to introduce the way qualification processes have been conceptualized in recent pragmatism-inspired, process-oriented social science contributions, drawing particularly on work relating to actor-network theory, as well as on studies focusing on status/aesthetic markets. The second is to make this body of literature fruitful for a geographical perspective on product qualification in status/aesthetic markets. For the second aim, the paper empirically focuses on the global fine wine market. Since consumer products have increasingly become aestheticized in recent decades, an analysis of the geographies of fine wine qualification—an agricultural product that is also a key example of an aesthetic/status product—can provide insights into the dynamics of aestheticization in the food and beverages market more broadly. In order to advance a global perspective on fine wine qualification, this paper draws on qualitative empirical research in three wine regions around the world: South Tyrol (Italy), Salta (Argentina) and Marlborough (New Zealand). It argues that qualifying products is not only a highly reflexive and dynamic process, as contributions from economic sociology have revealed, but also, and crucially, a profoundly geographical matter.
Determinants of External Indebtedness in Heavily Indebted Poor Countries: What Macroeconomic and Socio-Economic Factors Matter?
Authors: Azolibe Chukwuebuka Bernard
Published: July 2020

This study specifically examined whether macroeconomic and socio-economic factors such as corruption, foreign aid, government expenditure, external reserve, population growth, economic growth, and unemployment rate matter in increasing or reducing the level of external indebtedness in heavily indebted poor countries (HIPCs). Both static panel data and panel fully modified ordinary least squares (OLS) estimation techniques were employed. Using panel data set of all the 39 HIPCs covering period of 1996 to 2018, we found out that the factors that matter in heightening the intake of external debt are high rate of corruption that leads to mismanagement of public funds, high dependency on foreign aids, increase in government expenditure, population growth, and unemployment rate. However, external reserve and gross domestic product (GDP) has a reducing effect on their external indebtedness. In terms of causal relationship, only corruption, population growth, and GDP have a causal relationship with external debt, while other variables exhibited a zero causal relationship with external debt.

JEL Classifications: F34, E6, E24
The Prospective Influence of Perceived Social Norms on Bystander Actions Against Sexual Violence and Relationship Abuse: A Multiple Mediation Model
Authors: Mulla Mazheruddin M. , Haikalis Michelle , Orchowski Lindsay M. , Berkowitz Alan D.
Published: July 2020

The present study assessed support for an innovative model of the direct and indirect paths through which perceived peer norms regarding the prevalence and acceptability of sexual violence (SV) and relationship abuse (RA) may influence the decisional process leading to bystander intervention. Analyses included baseline and 6-month follow-up data collected from a large sample of high school students ( N = 2,303) across 27 schools in the Northeastern United States. Path analyses were conducted to test a multiple mediation model of the direct and indirect associations among the sequential predictors of perceived descriptive and injunctive norms, personal attitudes, abuse perceptions, risk recognition, and dependent measures of bystander behaviors at baseline and 6-month follow-up. Higher perceptions of the prevalence (descriptive norms) and acceptability (injunctive norms) of SV and RA among peers were associated with more accepting personal attitudes toward SV and RA, which were associated with lower abuse perceptions and risk recognition. Furthermore, lower abuse perceptions and risk recognition were associated with decreases in bystander behaviors at both time points. Mediational analyses revealed several significant indirect paths through which higher perceptions of descriptive and injunctive norms contributed to decreases in bystander behavior. Findings provide novel evidence of the prospective influence of perceived norms on bystander intervention behavior in situations of SV and RA.
Preparing Teacher Educators for Statewide Scale-Up of Multi-Tiered System of Support (MTSS)
Authors: Sailor Wayne , Skrtic Thomas M. , Cohn Monique , Olmstead Christine
Published: July 2020

Multi-Tiered System of Support (MTSS), as a fully integrated set of practices and interventions directed to academics and behavior, with emerging applications to social and emotional learning in the teaching/learning process, is very much in its ascendency in schools across the United States and elsewhere. As a result, there is an emerging need to prepare teacher and administrator educators to enter the rapidly expanding number of implementing schools and districts. Requisite dispositions, skills, and knowledge germane to ensuring successful applications, sustainability, and resultant student outcomes from MTSS introduction into systems praxis are increasingly required. In this position paper, we discuss the origins of MTSS, its expansion into various areas of education in the United States, and its emerging contribution to the thorny issue of inclusion. We conclude with examination of Innovation Configuration, a heuristic to assist teacher and administrator educators in the development of course syllabi and other professional learning vehicles addressed to MTSS.
Evaluation of a Novel Antiplatelet Therapy Strategy in Patients Undergoing Elective Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Giang Kayla , Stallings Holly E. , Clopton Paul , Stubbs Maria K. , Penny William F.
Published: July 2020

Background

Ticagrelor presents less thrombotic risk compared to clopidogrel in acute coronary syndromes. However, its role in dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT)-naive patients with stable ischemic heart disease (SIHD) undergoing elective percutaneous intervention (PCI) remains unclear, including uncertainty in the method of conversion to clopidogrel for adequate coverage without increased bleeding risk.

Objective

Determine the safety and efficacy of ticagrelor loading and transitioning to clopidogrel in patients with SIHD undergoing elective PCI.

Methods

This is a retrospective cohort review of patients with SIHD who underwent elective PCI. The Switch Rx patients were treated with ticagrelor immediately before PCI, converted to clopidogrel 300 mg the day after, and discharged with clopidogrel 75 mg daily. Standard Rx patients, who received a clopidogrel load and received clopidogrel 75 mg daily after the procedure, were analyzed as a matched comparator cohort. The safety outcomes were any bleeding event at 24 hours and 30 days. The efficacy outcomes included major adverse cardiac events (MACE) at 24 hours and 30 days.

Results

Five Switch Rx patients (n = 54) experienced bleeding academic research consortium type I bleeding within 24 hours, with no subsequent bleeding observed out to 30 days. When comparing the Switch Rx patients (n = 39) to their matched Standard Rx cohort (n = 39), no MACEs occurred within 30 days and there were no significant differences in safety and efficacy outcomes.

Conclusion

In DAPT-naive patients undergoing elective PCI for SIHD, a strategy of in-lab ticagrelor transitioning to clopidogrel with a 300-mg load was not associated with increased bleeding or other adverse events.
Effects of Reiki on Pain and Anxiety in Women Hospitalized for Obstetrical- and Gynecological-Related Conditions
Authors: Bondi Ann , Morgan Tina , Fowler Susan B.
Published: July 2020

Purpose: To determine the effect of Reiki on pain and anxiety in women in antepartum, intrapartum, postpartum, gynecology, and gyn/oncology, settings. Method: This exploratory, comparative study used a Likert-type scale of 0 to 10 to measure pain and anxiety, and a survey asking about lingering effects of treatment. Results: Mean pain scores after Reiki significantly decreased from 3.24 to 1.52 ( n = 203; z = −11.67, p < .001). Mean anxiety scores after Reiki significantly decreased from 3.56 to 1.28 ( n = 195; z = −11.42, p < .001). Women were asked if the effects lingered for any length of time post–Reiki treatment, and 91 of 101 responded affirmatively that decreased pain and/or anxiety continued. Conclusion: Findings from this study confirm the positive and lingering effects of Reiki in women hospitalized for obstetrical and gynecological conditions.
With a Little Help from My Friends: Social-Network Job Search and Overqualification among Recent Intra-EU Migrants Moving from East to West
Authors: Leschke Janine , Weiss Silvana
Published: July 2020

This article examines the relationship between social networks as a job-finding channel and overqualification among recent EU migrants from Central Eastern to Western European countries. Social networks composed of relatives, friends or acquaintances can facilitate access to employers and thereby enhance labour market integration. However, when labour markets are segmented, (co-ethnic) social networks might also contribute to locking migrants into sectors and occupations characterised by high migrant shares, increasing the probability of a mismatch between skills and occupations. Drawing on data from the special module on migrants and their descendants in the 2014 European Labour Force Survey, this article considers subjective and objective overqualification. The analysis reveals that finding jobs through social networks bears a higher risk of overqualification in general, and especially for recent Central Eastern European migrants. The results point to a complex relationship between social-network job search, sectoral segmentation and destination-country language proficiency.
Nonlinear superharmonic resonance analysis of a nonlocal beam on a fractional visco-Pasternak foundation
Authors: Nešić Nikola , Cajić Milan , Karličić Danilo , Janevski Goran
Published: July 2020

This paper investigates the dynamic behavior of a geometrically nonlinear nanobeam resting on the fractional visco-Pasternak foundation and subjected to dynamic axial and transverse loads. The fractional-order governing equation of the system is derived and then discretized by using the single-mode Galerkin discretization. Corresponding forced Mathieu-Duffing equation is solved by using the perturbation multiple time scales method for the weak nonlinearity and by the semi-numerical incremental harmonic balance method for the strongly nonlinear case. A comparison of the results from two methods is performed in the validation study for the weakly nonlinear case and a fine agreement is achieved. A parametric study is performed and the advantages and deficiencies of each method are discussed for order two and three superharmonic resonance conditions. The results demonstrate a significant influence of the fractional-order damping of the visco-Pasternak foundation as well as the nonlocal parameter and external excitation load on the frequency response of the system. The proposed methodology can be used in pre-design procedures of novel energy harvesting and sensor devices at small scales exhibiting nonlinear dynamic behavior.
Deep learning procedure for knock, performance and emission prediction at steady-state condition of a gasoline engine
Authors: Shin Seunghyup , Lee Sangyul , Kim Minjae , Park Jihwan , Min Kyoungdoug
Published: July 2020

Recently, deep learning has played an important role in the rise of artificial intelligence, and its accuracy has gained recognition in various research fields. Although engine phenomena are very complicated, they can be predicted with high accuracy using deep learning because they are based on the fundamentals of physics and chemistry. In this research, models were built with deep neural networks for gasoline engine prediction. The model consists of two sub-models. The first predicts the knock occurrence, and the second predicts performance, combustion, and emissions. This includes maximum cylinder pressure, crank angle at maximum cylinder pressure, maximum pressure rise rate, and brake mean effective pressure, brake-specific fuel consumption, brake-specific nitrogen oxides, and brake-specific carbon oxide, which are representative results of the engine (for normal combustion cases without knock). Model input parameters were selected considering engine operating conditions, and physically measurable sensor values. For test cases, the accuracy of the first model for knock classification is 99.0%, and the coefficient of determination (R2) values for the second model are all above 0.99. Test times of both models were approximately 2 ms. The robustness of all the models was verified using K-fold cross-validation. A sensitivity study of accuracy, according to the amount of training utilized, was also conducted to determine how many data points are required to effectively train the deep learning model. Accordingly, a deep learning approach was applied to predict the steady-state conditions of a gasoline engine. Achieved model accuracies and robustness proved deep learning to be an effective modeling approach, and test time was recognized to be able to apply for the real-time prediction. The sensitivity analysis can be applied for the preliminary study to define the number of experimental points for the deep learning model.
Influence of slashface leakage coupled with quasi-labyrinth seal technique on gas turbine endwall aerothermal performance and blade suction side surface phantom cooling
Authors: Zhang Kaiyuan , Li Zhigang , Li Jun
Published: July 2020

Quasi-labyrinth seal technique was innovatively adopted to control the slashface flow, and the effect of slashface leakage on endwall aerothermal performance and blade suction side surface phantom cooling was numerically investigated. Simulations of five different labyrinth seal lengths ( Ls) and three coolant momentum flux ratios ( I) were conducted by computationally solving the Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations coupled with the shear stress transport k-ω turbulence model. The results show that the slashface coolant can be accelerated and conveyed downstream inside the slashface carried by the ingested mainstream and passage vortex. By setting up the quasi-labyrinth seal composed of a series of aperture cavities along the slashface, the coolant downstream transportation can be largely weakened, and the labyrinth seal with various lengths all have the potential to move the endwall coolant coverage toward upstream. When I = 0.48, the coolant downstream migration is severest and it has the best coverage on the endwall with seal. The laterally averaged cooling effectiveness is elevated for the fore part endwall but decreased for the back part endwall after sealing, and the highest cooling effectiveness is increased by 5% for 0.6 Ls seal. The 0.6–1.0 Ls seal has the approximate effect and is better than 0.4 Ls seal, and 0.6 Ls seal has the best outcome considering the countering effects of structural strength and endwall cooling performance. For 0.6 Ls sealed case, the high heat transfer level caused by coolant attachment is enhanced by 3.5% when I = 0.48 but decreased by 3.3% and 4.4% when I = 0.96 and 1.42 compared with baseline case. The low heat transfer caused by horseshoe vortex separation is enhanced when I = 1.42 for the sealed case. The quasi-labyrinth seal mainly weakens the back part suction side phantom cooling performance, and the well phantom cooling region moves upstream with the increase of I. The averaged phantom cooling effectiveness is decreased by 0.56%, 0.3%, and 1.44% when I = 0.48, 0.96, and 1.42 for the sealed cases. The results provide the gas turbine designers a better insight into improved slashface leakage control as well as its detailed surface cooling effects.