bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PEMBELAJARAN BERKERANGKA ELPSA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR STATISTIKA PADA SISWA KELAS VII MTS ASY-SYAFI’IYAH BENDUNG
Authors: Hartina Hartina , Sanapiah Sanapiah , Yuliyanti Sri
Published: October 2019

Based on the research that has been done in VII grade student of MTs Asy-Syafi'iyahBendung found a problem that has an average mathematics value low. This iscaused  by learning  mathematics is still conventional and monotonous. So, there needs to be an effort to improve student learning outcomes. One of them is by applying the ELPSA framework learning. The purpose of this action research is to improve the learning outcomes at VII grade student of MTs Asy-Syafi'iyahBendungin academic year 2017/2018. The type of this research is Classroom Action Research (CAR). This research consisted 4 stages of CAR (Planning, Implementation, Observation and Reflection). The subject of this research are30 student at VII grade.The study was conducted within 6 weeks. The instruments in this research are daily tests, evaluation tests, and LKS. The results of research showed that student learning outcomes improved after applying ELPSA framework. Student’s completeness scor in cycle I is 30,76% increased to 86.7% in cycle II. Then it can be concluded that the implementation of ELPSA frame work on subject matter statistic can to improve student learning outcomes at VII grade student of MTs Asy-Syafi'iyah Bendung academic year 2017/2018.
Implementation of Booking Performance Application Using Bootstrap Case Study in PT XYZ
Authors: Sansprayada Arfan , Mariskhana Kartika
Published: October 2019

Abstract—The need for information system development in a company is a basic requirement that must be met by each company in order to run its business processes properly. This is the basic key in a company in order to provide maximum results to find as many profits or profits. Application development or requirements in the application also provide speed for employees to carry out their activities to work properly and optimally. The development of the era requires that companies must be productive and have innovations so that the business wheel of the company can run well. This is based on the development of technology that is so fast that it requires special expertise in its application. This research is expected to be able to help some problems that exist in a company. Where its application can make it easier for employees to carry out their respective duties and roles in order to maximize their potential. For companies, the application of this application can accommodate the company's business wheels so that they can be properly and correctly documented .

 

Keywords : Systems, Information, Applications
The Effect of POGIL Learning Model on HOTS Students of Elementary School Teacher Education Program
Authors: Masnur Masnur , Syaparuddin Syaparuddin
Published: October 2019

This research aims at determining the effect of the process oriented guided inquiry learning (POGIL) model on odd semester higher order thinking skills (HOTS) students. The research applied quasi-experimental research with nonequivalent groups pretest-posttest design. The population is all the students of elementary teacher education program (PGSD) of STKIP Muhammadiyah Enrekang in academic year 2017/2018. The sample was chosen by using purposive sampling technique. The data was collected through the test technique in order to find out the score of the higher order thinking skills (HOTS) students. The data was analyzed through Independent T-Test with a significance level of 0.05. The results of this study significantly influence the increase in HOTS students (0.924) which shows > 0.05 α.
Enciklopedika u Srbiji
Authors: Mlakar Mirko
Published: October 2019

Razvoj glavnoga dijela enciklopedike u Srbiji, onoga na srpskom jeziku,
u ovome je radu predstavljen kroz izdavačka poduzeća i druge organizacije,
poput kulturne ustanove Matice srpske, koje se bave proizvodnjom
enciklopedičkih djela. Enciklopedičko stvaralaštvo u Republici Srbiji samo je
djelomice praćeno institucionalizacijom, premda se od početka XXI. stoljeća,
primjerice iz javnoga poduzeća Službeni glasnik, javljaju ideje o osnivanju
enciklopedijskoga zavoda, u pravilu po uzoru na Leksikografski zavod u Zagrebu.
U članku se razmatraju stajališta i postupci pojedinih poduzeća i ustanova,
struke i političkih čimbenika u vezi sa središnjom enciklopedičkom
institucijom. Autor ne samo da nudi elemente za ocjenjivanje nekih važnijih
enciklopedičkih djela, poglavito Vojne enciklopedije (prvo izdanje
1958–69., drugo 1970–76), nego se dotiče i nekih općih metaleksikografskih i
bibliografskih pitanja. Već zbog tipa djelatnosti i izdanja organizacija o
kojima piše u ovom radu, autor ulazi i u područje srpske jezične
leksikografije.
Profesijski nazivi u hrvatskoj e-terminografiji i e-leksikografiji
Authors: Hudeček Lana , Mihaljević Milica
Published: October 2019

U radu se analizira zastupljenost i obrada profesijskih naziva u
hrvatskim općejezičnim i terminološkim rječnicima. Posebna je pozornost
posvećena terminološkoj bazi Struna i e-rječniku Mrežnik. S
terminološkoga se stajališta analizira profesijsko nazivlje koje se pojavljuje
u nazivlju mnogih struka. Analizira se zastupljenost i obrada takvoga nazivlja
u Struni te u terminološkim rječnicima dostupnima na Hrvatskome
terminološkom portalu i daje prijedlog obrade profesijskoga nazivlja na
primjeru jezikoslovnoga nazivlja. Također se prikazuje kako se takvo nazivlje
obrađuje u Hrvatskome mrežnom rječniku – Mrežniku. Na taj se način
ujedinjuju rezultati rada na projektu Muško i žensko u hrvatskome jeziku i
Hrvatski mrežni rječnik – Mrežnik te prikazuje u čemu je razlika u
obradi takvoga nazivlja u općemu i terminološkome rječniku ili bazi.
Diatoms in monitoring of the Vychegda River under the influence of pulp-paper mill (Russia)
Authors: Stenina Angelina S. , Patova Elena N.
Published: October 2019

The influence of the pulp-paper mill on the development of phytoplankton river communities in the wastewater discharge zones was studied. For the analysis, an indicator group of diatoms was used with data on species richness and structural diversity. The basis of the dominant complexes of the studied sections of the river were mainly species of the genus Aulacoseira. Saprobity indices vary by stations within 1.77–2.06, which corresponds to III class of water quality.
Формування структурних особливостей музичних фестивалів у Західній Європі: історичний аспект
Authors: Shpyg Yuliya
Published: October 2019

Актуальність теми. Фестиваль є одним із показових явищ сучасної культури. Звернення до його аналізу дозволяє зрозуміти основні напрямки розвитку сучасного соціуму. Методологія дослідження об’єднує в собі історичний і системний методи аналізу матеріалу. Наукова новизна статті полягає у визначенні характерних для фестивалів структурних особливостей (присвята певній темі та часова періодичність). Висновки. Увібравши весь історичний досвід проведення фестивалів, XX ст. презентує величезне різноманіття музичних фестивальних заходів, безмежний вибір тем і гнучку періодичність.
Ben Jonson's Reception of Lucian
Authors: Miola Robert S.
Published: October 2019

Throughout his career Ben Jonson drew variously upon Lucian, whom he encountered in the mythographies as well as in several Greek and Latin editions he owned. Jonson's receptions take the form of glancing reminiscence in the masques, as Lucian supplies mythological decoration and literary conceit. They appear as transformative allusion in Cynthia's Revels, which draws upon several satirical Dialogues of the Gods, and in The Staple of News, which re-appropriates a favorite satirical dialogue, Timon, the Misanthrope, to satirize the greed of the news industry. Jonson practices an extended and creative imitatio of Lucian's fantastic moon voyages (A True Story and Icaromenippus) in his much neglected News from the New World Discovered in the Moon. And, likewise, Jonson reworks Lucian extensively for the action of Poetaster: The Carousal supplies the lascivious banquet of 4.5, and Lexiphanes, the humiliating purge of Crispinus. Jonson's rich engagement with Lucian comes to a climax in Volpone, which borrows directly from The Dream, and several Dialogues of the Dead. Here whimsical ancient satire enables stern moral allegory. Responding to Poetaster in Satiro-mastix, Thomas Dekker has Captain Tucca rebuke Horace (i.e. Ben Jonson) by sarcastically calling him “Lucian.” Jonson, no doubt, took the proffered insult as the highest compliment.
Translating under Constraints: Joseph Laudes’ Work for the Vienna Court Stages in the 1760s and 1770s
Authors: Bachleitner Norbert
Published: October 2019

Joseph Laudes is an example of an eighteenth-century translator for the two Vienna court stages who had to work under a number of constraints: he had to adapt to a particular theory of theatre, to the demands of certain managers and authorities, as well as to the needs of the audience. The theatre reform that was being implemented in the period of Laudes’ activities as a translator demanded prose instead of verse drama. Moreover, this reform favoured sentimental comedies aimed at affecting the sentiments of the audience and teaching them morally correct behaviour. Besides poetological and ideological constraints, the dramatic texts were directed at a public composed of the aristocracy and a growing number of members of the bourgeoisie. Since he had to work under intense time pressure, which affected the quality of his texts, many of the characteristics of his work correspond with those of prose translations of the era, published by what critics denounced as ‘translation factories’. Laudes’ translation work is exemplified by his rendering of Goldoni's Pamela maritata.
Encapsulamento-desidratação de ápices caulinares de Eugenia dysenterica
Authors: Silveira Andreia Alves da Costa , Sibov Sérgio Tadeu
Published: October 2019

Eugenia dysenterica, também conhecida como cagaiteira é uma espécie do Cerrado que possui potencial econômico, entretanto sua propagação convencional torna-se dificultada pelo fato de possuir sementes recalcitrantes, que perdem a viabilidade em aproximadamente 50 dias. A tecnologia de encapsulamento-desidratação tem se mostrado eficiente para a conservação deste tipo de espécie, tanto para armazenamento em câmara fria, quanto para a criopreservação. Objetivou-se a obtenção de um protocolo de sementes sintéticas e criopreservação de E. dysenterica, em que se utilizou ápices caulinares obtidos de plantas desenvolvidas  in  vitro.  Os tratamentos consistiram de três diferentes concentrações de sacarose (0,25M L-1, 0,5ML-1, e 0,75ML-1) combinadas a três períodos de secagem (0 h, 1 h e 2 h). O melhor tratamento para ápices não criopreservados constituiu de 0,25M de sacarose combinado á 1 h de desidratação, com 55,55% de regeneração. A taxa de regeneração nula de ápices criopreservados indica provável ruptura no sistema de membranas causada pela desidratação e congelamento das cápsulas. Entretanto, o protocolo de sementes sintéticas desenvolvido no presente trabalho poderá ser utilizado para conservação à médio prazo da espécie, sendo necessário novos estudos para confirmar este potencial.
Focussing on tutoring skills instead of learners’ disadvantages in teenaged tutors’ training for intergenerational learning programmes
Authors: Tambaum Tiina
Published: October 2019

In the twenty-first century non-professional tutors, including teenagers, have an important role to play in the development of contemporary skills among the older population. Scholars in the field of older-age learning share a common belief that age-specific knowledge should be introduced and implemented when instructing older people. At the same time, psychologists warn that only perceived similarities between members of an in-group and out-group can reduce the age stereotypes they may hold. Therefore, focusing on age-specific knowledge in preparing teenaged tutors for instructing older individuals in the acquisition of e-skills would not support age-stereotype dilution in intergenerational programmes. An alternative idea is introduced by analysing the connections between geragogical principles and the nature of scaffolding assistance. It is proposed to focus on tutors’ scaffolding skills instead of older learners’ peculiarities when preparing teenaged tutors. The theoretically grounded idea will need to be validated by future empirical studies.
Pengaruh Pengetahuan dan Sikap Orang Tua terhadap Motivasi untuk Melengkapi Imunisasi Lanjutan
Authors: Rahman Zaiful , Munir Zainal , Siam Wiwin Nur
Published: October 2019

Banyak faktor yang mempengaruhi rendahnya angka bayi dan balita yang berstatus imunisasi lengkap, antara lain sikap dan pengetahuan orang tua. Melalui penelitian ini diharapkan karakteristik orang tua dan karakteristik anak dapar teridentifikasi, selain itu pengaruh pengetahuan dan sikap orang tua tentang imunisasi terhadap motivasi untuk melengkapi imunisasi lanjutan pada anak usia 1824 bulan di Kecamatan Pujer juga dapat diketahui. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis jalur dengan rancangan penelitian cross sectional. Populasi penelitian ini adalah orang tua yang memiliki anak baduta. Sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 81 orang dengan teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan simple random sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengaruh pengetahuan dan sikap orang tua terhadap motivasi dalam melengkapi imunisasi anak baduta adalah sebesar 76,6%, sedangkan 23,4% lainnya dijelaskan oleh faktor lain. Pengetahuan dan sikap orang tua secara langsung berpengaruh signifikan terhadap motivasi, pengetahuan orang tua secara langsung tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kelengkapan imunisasi lanjutan anak baduta, namun sikap dan motivasi orang tua berpengaruh signifikan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, petugas kesehatan diharapkan bisa lebih aktif memberikan sosialisasi dan konseling serta mempunyai jadwal sweeping bagi sasaran-sasaran yang belum lengkap status imunisasinya.
COMBINED EFFECT OF DIFFERENT DOSES OF PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS (IBA AND ZEATIN) ON THE PHYSIOLOGY OF Capsicum annum L. FRUIT
Authors: Ali Zain , Shahzad Habiba , Hussain Mubasshir , Mushtaq Sehrish , Haider Muhammad Saleem , Shafiq Muhammad
Published: October 2019

Combined effect of two exogenously applied PGR i.e. IBA and Zeatin, on the fruit of Capsicum annuum L was assessed in a designed experiment. Plants were grown in pots with nine treatments and three replications. The treatments were comprised of T1-IBA 1000ppm+Zeatin 100ppm, T3-IBA 1000ppm+Zeatin 300ppm, T5-IBA 4000ppm+Zeatin 100ppm, T7-IBA 4000ppm+Zeatin 300ppm and T9-Control. T1, T3, T5, T7 were applied only at the time of floral buds emergence, whereas T2, T4, T6 and T8 were applied by dipping the floral buds during emergence and at the time of fruit development. The results showed that only T1 manifested enhance in photosynthetic pigments content i.e. chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll and carotenoids and its fruits showed Dark green colour. The physical parameters of fruit remained unaffected by PGR’s application.
ENHANCING WATER USE EFFICIENCY AND PRODUCTIVITY OF RICE CROP USING MODERN FARMING METHODS IN PUNJAB, PAKISTAN, A BRIEF REVIEW
Authors: Mehmood Muhammad Zeeshan , Qadir Ghulam , Afzal Obaid , Awale Mohamed Ali , Ashraf Rana Numan
Published: October 2019

Rice is the major staple food for billions of people worldwide. It has the social and economic impacts on people lives. Water scarcity is one of the major challenges to rice production and ultimately food security globally. For food security, it is important to explore efficient rice production technology that uses less water. Therefore, in the modern agriculture focus has been shifted towards development of water saving technologies. These methods include direct seeding, alternate wetting and drying, aerobic rice systems, use of mulches etc. These techniques reduce the water requirements and can enhance water use efficiency (W.U.E) of rice. However, yield may be compromised with these techniques, but research has been carried out to reduce yield losses and water use. Biotechnology and breeding approaches are being used to develop rice verities with drought tolerance, improved water use efficiency etc. Development and adoption of these technologies will shift the rice production from anaerobic to completely or partially aerobic systems. These techniques may reduce the water losses. In Pakistan famers are willing to adopt new technologies; however there is a need of dissemination and demonstration to adopt these technologies at farmer level to enhance crop productivity and water use efficiency. Innovative research approaches are required to fill the gaps in technological innovations and adoption
Greek Painters for the Dominicans or Trecento at the Bosphorus? Once again about the Style and Iconography of the Wall Paintings in the Former Dominican Church of St. Paul in Pera
Authors: Quirini-Popławski Rafał
Published: October 2019

The recently discovered wall paintings of the Dominican church of St. Paul are perhaps the most fascinating part of the artistic heritage of Pera, the former Genoese colony at the Bosphorus. According to the researchers analyzing the fragments discovered in 1999–2007, they follow Byzantine iconographic tradition and were executed by Greek painters representing Paleologan style close to the decoration of the Chora church. After extensive discoveries in 2012 it was made possible to describe many more fragments of fresco and mosaic decoration and to make a preliminary identification of its iconography, which appeared to be very varied in character. Many features are typical of Latin art, not known in Byzantine tradition, some even have a clearly polemical, anti-Greek character. The analysis of its iconography, on a broad background of the Byzantine paintings in Latin churches, does not answer the question if it existed and what could be the goal of creating such paintings. There is a high probability that we are dealing with choice dictated by aesthetic and pragmatic factors, like the availability of the appropriate workshop. So, the newly discovered frescoes do not fundamentally alter the earlier conclusions that we are dealing with the work of a Greek workshop, perhaps primarily operating in Pera, which had to adapt to the requirements of Latin clients. It only seems that they should be dated a little later than previously assumed (around the mid-14th century).
Epidurals for Coarctation Repair in Children Are Associated with Decreased Postoperative Anti-Hypertensive Infusion Requirement as Measured by a Novel Parameter, the Anti-Hypertensive Dosing Index (ADI)
Authors: Kynes J. Matthew , Shotwell Matthew S. , Walters Camila B. , Bichell David P. , Christensen Jason T. , Hays Stephen R.
Published: October 2019

Background: Sympathetically-associated hypertension after coarctation repair is a common problem often requiring anti-hypertensive infusions in an intensive care unit. Epidurals suppress sympathetic output and can reduce blood pressure but have not been studied following coarctation repair in children. We sought to determine whether epidurals for coarctation repair in children were associated with decreased requirement for postoperative anti-hypertensive infusions, if they were associated with changes in hospital course, or with complications. Methods: In this observational retrospective cohort study, we evaluated all patients age 1–18 years undergoing coarctation repair at our institution during a 10-year period and compared the requirement for postoperative anti-hypertensive infusions in patients with and without epidurals using an anti-hypertensive dosing index (ADI) incorporating total dose-hours of all anti-hypertensive infusions (primary outcome). We also assessed intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital length of stay, discharge on oral anti-hypertensive medication, and complications potentially related to epidurals (secondary outcomes). Results: Children undergoing coarctation repair with epidurals had decreased requirements for postoperative anti-hypertensive infusions compared to children without epidurals (cumulative ADI 65.0 [28.5–130.3] v. 157.0 [68.6–214.7], p = 0.021; mean ADI 49.0 [33.3–131.2] v. 163.0 [66.6–209.8], p = 0.01). After multivariable cumulative logit mixed-effects regression analysis, mean ADI was decreased in patients with epidurals throughout the postoperative period (p < 0.001). Patients with epidurals were 1.6 years older and weighed 10.6 kg more than patients without epidurals but were otherwise comparable. Epidural complications included pruritus (three patients), agitation (one patient), somnolence (one patient), and transient orthostatic hypotension (one patient). Duration of intensive care unit admission, duration of hospital stays, and requirement for anti-hypertensive medication at discharge were similar in patients with and without epidurals. Conclusions: This is the first study of children receiving an epidural for surgical repair of aortic coarctation via open thoracotomy. In this small, single-institution, observational retrospective cohort study, epidurals for coarctation repair in children were associated with decreased postoperative anti-hypertensive infusion requirements. Epidurals were not associated with length of ICU or hospital stay, or with discharge on anti-hypertensive medication. No significant epidural complications were noted. Prospective study of larger populations will be necessary to confirm these associations, address causality, verify safety, and assess other effects.
The Many Roles of the Rock: A Qualitative Inquiry into the Roles and Responsibilities of Fathers of Children with Brain Tumors
Authors: Robinson Jacob E. , Huskey David , Schwartz Jonathan , Weaver Meaghann S.
Published: October 2019

A pediatric brain tumor diagnosis impacts an entire family unit, from diagnosis through curative treatment, and into survivorship or bereavement. Paternal caregiver experience has been significantly underexplored in pediatric neuro-oncology research as compared to maternal experience. This case series study explores the paternal roles, responsibilities, strengths, challenges, personal growth, and support needs of fathers of children with brain tumors receiving new palliative care consultations. In the study setting, a neuro-oncology diagnosis results in an automatic referral to the palliative care team, and thus, a convenience sampling model was employed based on consecutive palliative care consults for new childhood brain tumor diagnoses. In this study, four fathers of pediatric brain tumor patients receiving palliative care consultations responded to eight open-ended questions. Individual, voice-recorded interviews were transcribed for semantic content qualitative analysis. Analysis followed Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ) guidelines. Participants completed quantitative surveys of their information preferences and support needs. Participants defined their father role as: being a team parent, an adaptable father, supporter, provider, a present father, and protector. Role conflict due to paternal responsibilities were recognized, such as the absence from the hospital to provide financial security for the family, and yet a desire to be physically present for the child. Fathers prioritized their knowledge needs about their child’s diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment above emotional needs. Fathers shared experiences of their personal growth through their child’s brain tumor diagnosis and advised on preferred support formats to include both verbal and written information. Understanding how paternal caregivers of children with cancer define their roles and goals has potential to improve the care and communication delivered to families of pediatric neuro-oncology patients.
Determinants of Food Security and Technical Efficiency among Agricultural Households in Nigeria
Authors: Oyetunde-Usman Zainab , Olagunju Kehinde Oluseyi
Published: October 2019

The challenge of food security in Nigeria hinges on several factors of which poor technical efficiency is key. Using a stochastic frontier framework, we estimated the technical efficiency of agricultural households in Nigeria and tested for the significance of mean technical efficiency of food-secure and food-insecure agricultural households. We further assessed the determinants of agricultural households’ inefficiencies within the stochastic frontier model and adopted a standard probit model to assess the determinants of households’ food security status. The results of our analyses revealed that; on the overall, the agricultural households had a mean technical efficiency of 52%, suggesting that agricultural households have the tendency of improving their technical efficiency by 48% using the available resource more efficiently. We found that households that are food-secure are more technically efficient than food in-secure households and this was significant at one-percent. Our results provide useful insights into the role of land size and number of assets as determinants of agricultural households’ food security and technical efficiency status.
Analysis of the Day-ahead Deviation Plan and Research on the Real-time Scheduling of Photovoltaic Greenhouses Based on Exergy Theory
Authors: Duan Xiayun , Ding Yifeng , Niu Huanna , Wang Yuzhu
Published: October 2019

For the correction problem of day-ahead plan deviation caused by energy prediction deviation in day-ahead scheduling stage of photovoltaic greenhouses, an exergy analysis method is used to propose the deviation model of heat required for photovoltaic greenhouses. Based on the deviation model, a real-time optimization scheduling model is established. The deviation model not only considers the non-negligible exergy loss during heating process of pipes, but also considers the difference between heat and thermal exergy affected by the actual indoor temperature. The goal of the real-time scheduling model is to minimize the absolute value of the difference between the energy supply and demand prediction deviation to be corrected and the adjustment of multi-form energy storage and electric loads, so that develop the real-time adjustment plan of energy storage and electric loads. The analysis results of the actual photovoltaic greenhouse show that of the heat required by a greenhouse based on the exergy theory calculation, the exergy loss of the heating process accounts for about 10%–20% of the total thermal exergy required and it cannot be ignored, so the calculation results can reflect the actual heat required more accurately and the greenhouse temperature is more suitable for plant growth. Moreover, the proposed real-time scheduling model can correct the deviation of the day-ahead plan and improve local consumption. The promotion ratio can reach 7%. Finally, the farmers’ electricity purchases cost is reduced. Thereby the effectiveness of the proposed heat deviation model and real-time scheduling model is verified.
Impact on Drained Rock Volume (DRV) of Storativity and Enhanced Permeability in Naturally Fractured Reservoirs: Upscaled Field Case from Hydraulic Fracturing Test Site (HFTS), Wolfcamp Formation, Midland Basin, West Texas
Authors: Nandlal Kiran , Weijermars Ruud
Published: October 2019

Hydraulic fracturing for economic production from unconventional reservoirs is subject to many subsurface uncertainties. One such uncertainty is the impact of natural fractures in the vicinity of hydraulic fractures in the reservoir on flow and thus the actual drained rock volume (DRV). We delineate three fundamental processes by which natural fractures can impact flow. Two of these mechanisms are due to the possibility of natural fracture networks to possess (i) enhanced permeability and (ii) enhanced storativity. A systematic approach was used to model the effects of these two mechanisms on flow patterns and drained regions in the reservoir. A third mechanism by which natural fractures may impact reservoir flow is by the reactivation of natural fractures that become extensions of the hydraulic fracture network. The DRV for all three mechanisms can be modeled in flow simulations based on Complex Analysis Methods (CAM), which offer infinite resolution down to a micro-fracture scale, and is thus complementary to numerical simulation methods. In addition to synthetic models, reservoir and natural fracture data from the Hydraulic Fracturing Test Site (Wolfcamp Formation, Midland Basin) were used to determine the real-world impact of natural fractures on drainage patterns in the reservoir. The spatial location and variability in the DRV was more influenced by the natural fracture enhanced permeability than enhanced storativity (related to enhanced porosity). A Carman–Kozeny correlation was used to relate porosity and permeability in the natural fractures. Our study introduces a groundbreaking upscaling procedure for flows with a high number of natural fractures, by combining object-based and flow-based upscaling methods. A key insight is that channeling of flow through natural fractures left undrained areas in the matrix between the fractures. The flow models presented in this study can be implemented to make quick and informed decisions regarding where any undrained volume occurs, which can then be targeted for refracturing. With the method outlined in our study, one can determine the impact and influence of natural fracture sets on the actual drained volume and where the drainage is focused. The DRV analysis of naturally fractured reservoirs will help to better determine the optimum hydraulic fracture design and well spacing to achieve the most efficient recovery rates.
Estimation of the Effects of the Cross-Head Speed and Temperature on the Mechanical Strength of Kenaf Bast Fibers Using Weibull and Monte-Carlo Statistics
Authors: Ntenga Richard , SAÏDJO Saïdjo , Beda Tibi , Béakou Alexis
Published: October 2019

Methods used by different researchers to evaluate plant fibers’ (PFs) mechanical performance, show great variance in results. In this work, 320 single kenaf fibers of gage lengths 10 and 20 mm were tensile-tested using four speed levels (0.05; 0.5; 1 and 5 mm·min−1). Sixty-three other specimens were also tested under three temperature levels (50, 100, and 150 °C). Mechanical characteristics, namely Young’s modulus, tensile strength, and failure strain were determined. Estimation of the dispersion on the data was performed using Weibull and Monte-Carlo statistics. Results showed a low scatter for cross-head speeds of 0.05, 0.5, and 1 mm·min−1, compared to 5 mm·min−1 for the two gage lengths used. Monte-Carlo average failure strength values were found to be close to the experimental values. A drastic drop in the tensile strength was observed for the temperature of 150 °C for varying hold times. The reported findings are likely to be used in the elaboration of a tensile test standard on PFs.
Bathymetry Development and Flow Analyses Using Two-Dimensional Numerical Modeling Approach for Lake Victoria
Authors: Paul Seema , Oppelstrup Jesper , Thunvik Roger , Magero John Mango , Ddumba Walakira David , Cvetkovic Vladimir
Published: October 2019

This study explored two-dimensional (2D) numerical hydrodynamic model simulations of Lake Victoria. Several methods were developed in Matlab to build the lake topography. Old depth soundings taken in smaller parts of the lake were combined with more recent extensive data to produce a smooth topographical model. The lake free surface numerical model in the COMSOL Multiphysics (CM) software was implemented using bathymetry and vertically integrated 2D shallow water equations. Validated by measurements of mean lake water level, the model predicted very low mean flow speeds and was thus close to being linear and time invariant, allowing long-time simulations with low-pass filtered inflow data. An outflow boundary condition allowed an accurate simulation to achieve the lake’s steady state level. The numerical accuracy of the linear measurement of lake water level was excellent.
Phenolic Profile and Antioxidant Activity of the Edible Tree Peony Flower and Underlying Mechanisms of Preventive Effect on H2O2-Induced Oxidative Damage in Caco-2 Cells
Authors: Xiang Jinle , Yang Chengbo , Beta Trust , Liu Shangxi , Yang Runqiang
Published: October 2019

The entire phenolic profiles and antioxidant activities of different organs of the edible tree peony flowers (Fengdan Bai (FDB)) were analyzed. HPLC-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometer (Q-TOF-MS/MS) analyses of individual phenolic compounds revealed that the petal and stamen contained higher levels of flavonoid glycosides than other organs (p < 0.05). Kaempferol-3,7-di-O-glucoside was the dominant flavonoid in these two organs, however, the calyx and ovary contained higher contents of gallic acid derivatives than other organs (p < 0.05). Hexa-O-galloyl-glucose was the dominant species in the calyx and ovary. At the same concentration of total phenolic extract (TPE), the stamen had the highest protection effect on Caco-2 cell oxidative damage induced by H2O2. The antioxidant effect was attributed to potent antioxidant capability; restored redox state due to the increased expression of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase (SOD); and improved barrier function of Caco-2 cell owing to increased zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), CLDN3 (Claudin 3), and occludin mRNA expression. As a new resource food, the edible tree peony flower is a potential functional food material and natural antioxidants resource.
Overall Nutritional and Sensory Profile of Different Species of Australian Wattle Seeds (Acacia spp.): Potential Food Sources in the Arid and Semi-Arid Regions
Authors: Shelat Kinnari J. , Adiamo Oladipupo Q. , Olarte Mantilla Sandra M. , Smyth Heather E. , Tinggi Ujang , Hickey Sarah , Rühmann Broder , Sieber Volker , Sultanbawa Yasmina
Published: October 2019

Wattle seed (Acacia spp.) is a well-known staple food within indigenous communities in Australia. A detailed investigation of the overall nutritional and sensory profile of four abundant and underutilized Acacia species—A. coriacea, A. cowleana, A. retinodes and A. sophorae—were performed. Additionally, molecular weight of protein extracts from the wattle seeds (WS) was determined. The seeds are rich in protein (23–27%) and dietary fibre (33–41%). Relatively high fat content was found in A. cowleana (19.3%), A. sophorae (14.8%) and A. retinodes (16.4%) with oleic acid being the predominant fatty acid. The seeds contained high amounts of essential amino acids (histidine, lysine, valine, isoleucine and leucine). A. coriacea is rich in iron (43 mg/kg), potassium (10 g/kg) and magnesium (1.7 g/kg). Pentose (xylose/arabinose), glucose, galactose and galacturonic acids were the major sugars found in the four species. Raw seeds from A. sophorae, A. retinodes and A. coriacea have the highest protein molecular weight, between 50–90 kDa, 80 kDa and 50–55 kDa, respectively. There was variation in the sensory profile of the WS species. This study showed that the four WS species have good nutritional value and could be included in human diet or used in food formulations.
Heat Pump Dryer Design Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Andrade Bernardo , Amorim Ighor , Silva Michel , Savosh Larysa , Frölén Ribeiro Luís
Published: October 2019

Drying food involves complex physical atmospheric mechanisms with non-linear relations from the air-food interactions, and those relations are strongly dependent on the moisture contents and the type of food. Such dependence makes it complex to design suitable dryers dedicated to a single drying process. To streamline the design of a novel compact food-drying machine, a heat pump dryer component design optimization algorithm was developed as a subprogram of a Computer Aided Engineering tool. The algorithm requires inputting food and air properties, the volume of the drying container, and the technical specifications of the heat pump off-the-shelf components. The heat required to dehumidify the food supplied by the heat exchange process from condenser to evaporator, and the compressor’s requirements (refrigerant mass flow rate and operating pressures) are then calculated. Compressors can then be selected based on the volume and type of food to be dried. The algorithm is shown via a flow chart to guide the user through three different stages: Changes in drying air properties, heat flow within dryer and product moisture content. Example results of how different compressors are selected for different types of produces and quantities (Agaricus blazei mushroom with three different moisture contents or fish from Thunnini tribe) conclude this article.
Evaluation of Lebanon’s Offshore-Wind-Energy Potential
Authors: Ibarra-Berastegi Gabriel , Ulazia Alain , Saénz Jon , González-Rojí Santos José
Published: October 2019

The only regional evaluation of Lebanese wind-energy potential (National Wind Atlas) dates back to 2011 and was carried out by a United Nations agency. In this work, data from the most recent reanalysis (ERA5) developed at the European Center for Medium Range Weather Forecast (ECMWF), corresponding to the 2010–2017 period, were used to evaluate Lebanese offshore-wind-energy potential. In the present study, wind power density associated to a SIEMENS 154/6 turbine was calculated with a horizontal resolution of 31 km and 1 hour time steps. This work incorporated the impact of air density changes into the calculations due to the seasonal evolution of pressure, temperature, and humidity. Observed average offshore air density ρ 0 was 1.19 kg / m 3 for the 2010–2017 period, but if instead of ρ 0 , hourly ρ values were used, seasonal oscillations of wind power density ( W P D ) represented differences in percentage terms ranging from −4% in summer to +3% in winter. ERA5 provides hourly wind, temperature, pressure, and dew-point temperature values that allowed us to calculate the hourly evolution of air density during this period and could also be used to accurately evaluate wind power density off the Lebanese coast. There was a significant gradient in wind power density along the shore, with the northern coastal area exhibiting the highest potential and reaching winter values of around 400 W / m 2 . Finally, this study suggests that the initial results provided by the National Wind Atlas overestimated the true offshore-wind-energy potential, thus highlighting the suitability of ERA5 as an accurate tool for similar tasks globally.
Some Characterizations of Generalized Null Scrolls
Authors: Qian Jinhua , Fu Xueshan , Jung Seoung Dal
Published: October 2019

In this work, a family of ruled surfaces named generalized null scrolls in Minkowski 3-space are investigated via the defined structure functions. The relations between the base curve and the ruling flow of the generalized null scroll are revealed. The Gaussian curvature, mean curvature, second Gaussian curvature and the second mean curvature are given and related to each other. Last but not least, the generalized null scrolls whose base curves are k-type null helices are discussed and several examples are presented.
Higher-Order Iteration Schemes for Solving Nonlinear Systems of Equations
Authors: Alqahtani Hessah Faihan , Behl Ramandeep , Kansal Munish
Published: October 2019

We present a three-step family of iterative methods to solve systems of nonlinear equations. This family is a generalization of the well-known fourth-order King’s family to the multidimensional case. The convergence analysis of the methods is provided under mild conditions. The analytical discussion of the work is upheld by performing numerical experiments on some application oriented problems. Finally, numerical results demonstrate the validity and reliability of the suggested methods.
Uniqueness of Closed Equilibrium Hypersurfaces for Anisotropic Surface Energy and Application to a Capillary Problem
Authors: Koiso Miyuki
Published: October 2019

We study a variational problem for hypersurfaces in the Euclidean space with an anisotropic surface energy. An anisotropic surface energy is the integral of an energy density that depends on the surface normal over the considered hypersurface, which was introduced to model the surface tension of a small crystal. The purpose of this paper is two-fold. First, we give uniqueness and nonuniqueness results for closed equilibria under weaker assumptions on the regularity of both considered hypersurfaces and the anisotropic surface energy density than previous works and apply the results to the anisotropic mean curvature flow. This part is an announcement of two forthcoming papers by the author. Second, we give a new uniqueness result for stable anisotropic capillary surfaces in a wedge in the three-dimensional Euclidean space.
Current and Emerging Therapies for Ocular Herpes Simplex Virus Type-1 Infections
Authors: Koganti Raghuram , Yadavalli Tejabhiram , Shukla Deepak
Published: October 2019

Herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) is a neurotropic, double-stranded DNA virus that can cause a wide variety of diseases, including many ocular pathologies. It is one of the leading causes of infectious blindness in the United States. Because of its ubiquitous nature and its potential to cause serious ocular maladies, there is a significant need for more effective antiviral therapies against ocular HSV-1. In this review, we discuss the lifecycle of HSV-1 as it pertains to corneal infections and the clinically approved as well as emerging treatments to combat HSV-1 infections. We also highlight some newly identified host targets for the antiviral drug development.
Distribution of Foliicolous Lichen Strigula and Genetic Structure of S. multiformis on Jeju Island, South Korea
Authors: Oh Seung-Yoon , Woo Jung-Jae , Hur Jae-Seoun
Published: October 2019

Strigula is a pantropic foliicolous lichen living on the leaf surfaces of evergreen broadleaf plants. In South Korea, Strigula is the only genus of foliicolous lichen recorded from Jeju Island. Several Strigula species have been recorded, but the ecology of Strigula in South Korea has been largely unexplored. This study examined the distribution and genetic structure of Strigula on Jeju Island. The distribution was surveyed and the influence of environmental factors (e.g., elevation, forest availability, and bioclimate) on the distribution was analyzed using a species distribution modeling analysis. In addition, the genetic variations and differentiation of Strigula multiformis populations were analyzed using two nuclear ribosomal regions. The distribution of Strigula was largely restricted to a small portion of forest on Jeju Island, and the forest availability was the most important factor in the prediction of potential habitats. The genetic diversity and differentiation of the S. multiformis population were found to be high and were divided according to geography. On the other hand, geographic and environmental distance did not explain the population differentiation. Distribution and population genetic analysis suggested that the available habitat and genetic exchange of Strigula on Jeju Island are limited by the lack of available forest in the lowlands.
Helicobacter pylori Stress-Response: Definition of the HrcA Regulon
Authors: Roncarati Davide , Pinatel Eva , Fiore Elisabetta , Peano Clelia , Loibman Stefany , Scarlato Vincenzo
Published: October 2019

Bacteria respond to different environmental stresses by reprogramming the transcription of specific genes whose proper expression is critical for their survival. In this regard, the heat-shock response, a widespread protective mechanism, triggers a sudden increase in the cellular concentration of different proteins, including molecular chaperones and proteases, to preserve protein folding and maintain cellular homeostasis. In the medically important gastric pathogen Helicobacter pylori the regulation of the principal heat-shock genes is under the transcriptional control of two repressor proteins named HspR and HrcA. To define the HrcA regulon, we carried out whole transcriptome analysis through RNA-sequencing, comparing the transcriptome of the H. pylori G27 wild type strain to that of the isogenic hrcA-knockout strain. Overall, differential gene expression analysis outlined 49 genes to be deregulated upon hrcA gene inactivation. Interestingly, besides controlling the transcription of genes coding for molecular chaperones and stress-related mediators, HrcA is involved in regulating the expression of proteins whose function is linked to several cellular processes crucial for bacterial survival and virulence. These include cell motility, membrane transporters, Lipopolysaccharide modifiers and adhesins. The role of HrcA as a central regulator of H. pylori transcriptome, as well as its interconnections with the HspR regulon are here analyzed and discussed. As the HrcA protein acts as a pleiotropic regulator, influencing the expression of several stress-unrelated genes, it may be considered a promising target for the design of new antimicrobial strategies.
Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Potential Result from the Collusion between Gut Microbiota and Mucosal Immune System
Authors: Yue Bei , Luo Xiaoping , Yu Zhilun , Mani Sridhar , Wang Zhengtao , Dou Wei
Published: October 2019

Host health depends on the intestinal homeostasis between the innate/adaptive immune system and the microbiome. Numerous studies suggest that gut microbiota are constantly monitored by the host mucosal immune system, and any slight disturbance in the microbial communities may contribute to intestinal immune disruption and increased susceptibility to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a chronic relapsing inflammatory condition of the gastrointestinal tract. Therefore, maintaining intestinal immune homeostasis between microbiota composition and the mucosal immune system is an effective approach to prevent and control IBD. The overall theme of this review is to summarize the research concerning the pathogenesis of IBD, with particular focus on the factors of gut microbiota-mucosal immune interactions in IBD. This is a comprehensive and in-depth report of the crosstalk between gut microbiota and the mucosal immune system in IBD pathogenesis, which may provide insight into the further evaluation of the therapeutic strategies for IBD.
Changes in the Bacterioplankton Community Structure from Southern Gulf of Mexico During a Simulated Crude Oil Spill at Mesocosm Scale
Authors: Valencia-Agami Sonia S. , Cerqueda-García Daniel , Putzeys Sébastien , Uribe-Flores María Magdalena , García-Cruz Norberto Ulises , Pech Daniel , Herrera-Silveira Jorge , Aguirre-Macedo M. Leopoldina , García-Maldonado José Q.
Published: October 2019

The southern Gulf of Mexico (sGoM) is highly susceptible to receiving environmental impacts due to the recent increase in oil-related activities. In this study, we assessed the changes in the bacterioplankton community structure caused by a simulated oil spill at mesocosms scale. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis indicated that the initial bacterial community was mainly represented by Gamma-proteobacteria, Alpha-proteobacteria, Flavobacteriia, and Cyanobacteria. The hydrocarbon degradation activity, measured as the number of culturable hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria (CHB) and by the copy number of the alkB gene, was relatively low at the beginning of the experiment. However, after four days, the hydrocarbonoclastic activity reached its maximum values and was accompanied by increases in the relative abundance of the well-known hydrocarbonoclastic Alteromonas. At the end of the experiment, the diversity was restored to similar values as those observed in the initial time, although the community structure and composition were clearly different, where Marivita, Pseudohongiella, and Oleibacter were detected to have differential abundances on days eight–14. These changes were related with total nitrogen (p value = 0.030 and r2 = 0.22) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (p value = 0.048 and r2 = 0.25), according to PERMANOVA. The results of this study contribute to the understanding of the potential response of the bacterioplankton from sGoM to crude oil spills.