bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Active‐matrix sensor in AMLCD detecting liquid‐crystal capacitance with LTPS‐TFT technology
Authors: Kanda Eiji , Eguchi Tsukasa , Hiyoshi Yasunori , Chino Taketo , Tsuchiya Yasushi , Iwashita Takahiro , Ozawa Tokuro , Miyazawa Takao , Matsumoto Tomotaka
Published: January 2019

An active‐matrix capacitive sensor for use in AMLCDs as an in‐cell touch screen has been developed. Pixel sensor circuits are embedded in each pixel by using low‐temperature polycrystalline‐silicon (LTPS) TFT technology. It detects a change in the liquid‐crystal capacitance when it is touched. It is thin, light weight, highly sensitive, and detects three or more touch events simultaneously.
12.1‐in. WXGA AMOLED display driven by InGaZnO thin‐film transistors
Authors: Jeong Jae Kyeong , Jeong Jong Han , Yang Hui Won , Ahn Tae Kyung , Kim Minkyu , Kim Kwang Suk , Gu Bon Seog , Chung Hyun‐Joong , Park Jin‐Seong , Mo Yeon‐Gon , Kim Hye Dong , Chung Ho Kyoon
Published: January 2019

A full‐color 12.1‐in. WXGA active‐matrix organic‐light‐emitting‐diode (AMOLED) display was, for the first time, demonstrated using indium‐gallium‐zinc oxide (IGZO) thin‐film transistors (TFTs) as an active‐matrix backplane. It was found that the fabricated AMOLED display did not suffer from the well‐known pixel non‐uniformity in luminance, even though the simple structure consisting of two transistors and one capacitor was adopted as the unit pixel circuit, which was attributed to the amorphous nature of IGZO semiconductors. The n‐channel a‐IGZO TFTs exhibited a field‐effect mobility of 17 cm2/V‐sec, threshold voltage of 1.1 V, on/off ratio > 109, and subthreshold gate swing of 0.28 V/dec. The AMOLED display with a‐IGZO TFT array is promising for large‐sized applications such as notebook PCs and HDTVs because the a‐IGZO semiconductor can be deposited on large glass substrates (larger than Gen 7) using the conventional sputtering system.
Flexible Displays Come into Their Own at Display Week 2009
Authors: Donelan Jenny
Published: January 2019

For the first time, the Society for Information Display has designated official sessions for flexible‐display papers at Display Week. This year, there are seven sessions devoted exclusively to flexible‐display technology: Flexible Display Components, Flexible‐Display Manufacturing (a joint session with manufacturing), Flexible Active‐Matrix Backplanes, Organic TFTs, e‐Paper, Emerging Active‐Matrix Technologies (a joint session with Active‐Matrix Devices), and Flexible AMOLEDs.
Efficient and compact green laser for micro‐projector applications
Authors: Bhatia Vikram , Gregorski Steven J. , Pikula Dragan , Chaparala Satish C. , Loeber David A. S. , Gollier Jacques , Gregorski Joan D. , Hempstead Martin , Ozeki Yukihiro , Hata Yoshiaki , Shibatani Kazuhiro , Nagai Fumio , Mori Nobuyoshi , Nakabayashi Yukinobu , Mitsugi Naoki , Nakano Satoshi
Published: January 2019

Efficient and compact green lasers are keystone components for micro‐projector applications in mobile devices. An architecture that consists of an infrared‐producing DBR (distributed Bragg reflector) laser with a frequency‐doubling crystal is used to synthesize a green laser that has high electrical‐to‐optical conversion efficiency and can be modulated at speeds required for scanner‐based projectors. The design and performance of a green‐laser package that uses adaptive optics to overcome the challenge of maintaining alignment between the waveguides of the DBR laser and the frequency‐doubling crystal over temperature and lifetime is described. The adaptive optics technology that is employed uses the piezo‐based smooth impact drive mechanism (SIDM) actuators that offer a very small step size and a range of travel adequate for the alignment operation. The laser is shown to be compact (0.7 cm3 in volume) and capable of a wall‐plug efficiency approaching 10% (at 100‐mW green power). It was demonstrated that the adaptive optics enables operation over a wide temperature range (10–60°C) and provides the capability for low‐cost assembly of the device.
Effect of geometrical characteristics of a scribing wheel on the bending strength of LCD glass substrates
Authors: Liao Y. S. , Yang G. M. , Hsu Y. S.
Published: January 2019

Scribing followed by a breaking method has often been applied to separate the individual liquid‐crystal‐display (LCD) glass panels from the mother cells. In some special occasions, especially for compact mobile devices, the bending strength of the glass substrates after breakage is the most important concern. In this study, the effect of the geometrical characteristics of the scribing wheel on the bending strength of LCD glass substrates was investigated. A volume‐crack effective coefficient was defined to estimate the effect of different geometrical characteristics of the scribing wheels. It was found that there is a strong correlation between the bending strength and the coefficient before chipping appears as the scribing load is increased. Thus, the coefficient can be used for the assessment of the geometrical effect of scribing wheels on the bending strength of glass substrates.
Direct observation of the electrical activity of coincidence‐site lattice boundaries in location‐controlled silicon islands using scanning spread resistance microscopy
Authors: Matsuki Nobuyuki , Ishihara Ryoichi , Beenakker Kees
Published: January 2019

Scanning spread resistance microscopy (SSRM) was used to investigate the electrical activity of coincidence‐site lattice (CSL) boundaries in location‐controlled silicon islands fabricated using the μ‐Czochralski (μ‐CZ) process. Using SSRM, the electrical activity of random and Σ3 and Σ9 CSL boundaries, which are determined by electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) analysis, were observed. Quantitative evaluation of the microscopic current mapping by SSRM revealed that Σ3 and Σ9 CSL boundaries, of which most of them are coherent, have much less electrical activity than the random grain boundaries. Some of the Σ3 and Σ9 CLS boundaries seemed to be incoherent, while the number of such incoherent CSL boundaries are very much limited according to previous TEM investigation and showed increased activities; however, their activities are still lower than that of the random boundaries.
Lasers Enable Diverse Display Production Techniques
Authors: Paetzel Rainer
Published: January 2019

Laser‐based techniques are finding increased use in certain aspects of flat‐panel‐display manufacturing. Lasers provide the option of a non‐contact high‐spatial‐resolution tool that is appropriate for a variety of processing tasks, including thin‐glass cutting, laser direct patterning, low‐temperature‐polysilicon annealing, and laser lift‐off.
Gamma, Brightness, and Luminance Considerations for HD Displays
Authors: Kykta Martin
Published: January 2019

Gamma correction in high‐image‐quality displays improves the appearance of imagery and is based on an assumed mathematical relationship between luminance and brightness. As the market for new HD technology expands, it is a good time to examine the correct brightness–luminance relatioship for high‐definition displays. The DICOM standard represents a possible way of doing this.
An Appeal for More Bit Depth in Displays
Authors: Allen Walter
Published: January 2019

Technological advances in imaging and content production may render the current standard of 256 gray levels per color in most modern displays inadequate.
Display Week 2009 Review: LCDs
Authors: Poor Alfred
Published: January 2019

LCD innovation continues to set the standard.
OLEDs – Promises, Myths, and TVs
Authors: Young Barry
Published: January 2019

Much work remains before OLEDs can be considered a player in the display and lighting markets. Among the necessary success factors are mass manufacturing that delivers high yields at competitive costs and a willingness on the part of companies to pursue the technology. But the trends are positive. OLED performance for TVs is outstanding and power consumption is low. Moreover, OLED lighting offers new opportunities in high efficiency, unique form factors, and “relaxing” color temperatures. If the companies practicing the technology follow through with their plans, we should begin to see new competition for TFT‐LCDs and LED lighting in the next 3 years.
Back to School with Tablets Embedded in Digital Desks
Authors: Mammana Victor Pellegrini , Hiraga Cynthia Yukiko , Pellegrini Ana Maria , Engelsen Daniel den , de Almeida Luiz Alberto Castro , de Paulo Alexandre Cândido , Alves Gustavo Junior , Neto Miguel Joao , Mammana Carlos Ignacio Zamitti , Amaral Antonio Carlos Camargo do
Published: January 2019

A digital‐desk pilot program in Brazil uses a unique display design to provide an interactive interface developed to enhance education and minimize ergonomic concerns.
Making a Mobile Display Using Polarizer‐Free Reflective LCDs and Ultra‐Low‐Power Driving Technology
Authors: Minoura Kiyoshi , Asaoka Yasushi , Satoh Eiji , Deguchi Kazuhiro , Satoh Takashi , Ihara Ichiro , Fujiwara Sayuri , Miyata Akio , Itoh Yasuhisa , Gyoten Seijiro , Matsuda Noboru , Kubota Yasushi
Published: January 2019

Through refinement of materials and fabrication conditions, a reflective display with reduced flicker and image sticking at low frame rates was produced. The display consumes very little power and works in a wide range of temperatures, making it a potential platform for future mobile devices.
Tactile‐Feedback Solutions for an Enhanced User Experience
Authors: Levin Michael , Woo Alfred
Published: January 2019

Tactile feedback has been shown to greatly improve the touch‐screen user experience, and the variety of actuation technologies available makes it possible in virtually any electronic device.
Mobile‐Display Evolution: More at Your Fingertips
Authors: Semenza Paul
Published: January 2019

Mobile‐display developers have been improving the quality and lowering the cost of their products as the demands on mobile devices increase.
Adaptive Backlight Dimming for LCD Systems
Authors: de Greef Pierre , Hulze Hendriek Groot , Hoppenbrouwers Jurgen
Published: January 2019

Dimming technology has evolved dramatically over the last several years and is now enabling innovations in many LCD‐based products such as TVs and monitors, which must continue to improve in terms of picture quality and energy efficiency while remaining cost effective. Although dimming is valuable for both CCFL and LED backlighting applications, it can be used most effectively with LED light sources. This article also discusses some innovative edge‐lighting dimming solutions.
Overview: Low‐Temperature Polysilicon
Authors: Donelan Jenny
Published: January 2019

Low‐temperature‐polysilicon (LTPS) technology is an important part of the active‐matrix‐LCD manufacturing environment. Will its role expand or has it found its niche?
The Transition from Driving LED Backlights to Driving Solid‐State Lighting
Authors: Upton Graham , Keene Michael , Kretzmer Michael
Published: January 2019

The secret to getting the most from LED solid‐state lighting is to understand that different topologies must be implemented for different applications.
Flexible Displays Made with Plastic Electronics
Authors: Burns Seamus
Published: January 2019

Plastic Logic has designed and constructed a full‐scale manufacturing facility for flexible display modules fabricated using organic semiconductors (“plastic electronics”). These display modules are lightweight, flexible, and robust and are used in the QUEproReader, an e‐reader device for mobile business professionals that was introduced in January 2010.
Projected‐Capacitive Touch Technology
Authors: Barrett Gary , Omote Ryomei
Published: January 2019

Projected‐capacitive touch has grown extremely rapidly from obscurity in 2006 to the number‐two touch technology in 2009. This article examines all aspects of projected‐capacitive touch technology, delving into sensor, controller, and module details.
Taking Touch to New Frontiers: Why It Makes Sense and How to Make It Happen
Authors: Hamblin Mark
Published: January 2019

Touch interfaces are appearing in everything from consumer devices to industrial equipment, not because touch is “in fashion,” but because it provides a truly better form of human‐device interaction. This article examines the advantages of gesture‐based touch interfaces and the key steps to building a device with a great touch experience.
3‐D Goes Deep at Display Week 2010
Authors: Donelan Jenny
Published: January 2019

In recent years, Display Week has featured special sessions to demonstrate 3‐D. For 2010, with the technology clearly on the commercial horizon, the Society for Information Display has designated dedicated sessions for 3‐D papers. The 2010 technical program will feature nine sessions on 3‐D technology: Polarization‐Based Stereoscopic Projection Displays, Crosstalk in Stereoscopic Displays, Autostereoscopic Displays, Autostereoscopic‐Display Measurements, 2‐D/3‐D Switching for Autostereoscopic Displays, Human Factors of 3‐D Displays, Volumetric and Integral Imaging, 3‐D TV and 3‐D Video, and Novel 3‐D Displays.
2010 SID Honors and Awards
Authors: Donelan Jenny
Published: January 2019

This year's winners of the Society for Information Display's Honors and Awards include Dr. Frederic Kahn, who will receive the Karl Ferdinand Braun Prize for his outstanding and innovative contributions to the development and commercialization of flat‐panel LCDs and projection systems; Dr. Dwight Berreman, who will be awarded the Jan Rajchman Prize for his many contributions to the analytical understanding of electro‐optic effects in liquid crystals; Dr. Eli Peli, who will receive the Otto Schade Prize for contributions to vision science and its application to image‐quality evaluation and enhancement; Dr. Philip Bos, who will be awarded the Slottow‐Owaki Prize for his pioneering educational efforts in the field of LCDs; and Mr. Makoto Maeda, who will receive the Lewis & Beatrice Winner Award for his exceptional and sustained service to SID and the Japan Chapter.
Optical Enhancement and EMI Shielding for Touch Screens
Authors: Herr Brian E. , Blake Jeff , Paynton Richard D.
Published: January 2019

The demand for touch technology has infiltrated almost every device involving a display. As such, engineers are being asked to incorporate touch screens into designs for an ever increasing range of applications and environments. Successful projects will provide the optimum balance of readability and electromagnetic compatibility.
A New Chapter for the Display Market
Authors: Semenza Paul
Published: January 2019

The Great Recession of 2008–2009, combined with maturity in key market segments, has moved the display industry into a new, slower growth phase. The impacts are already being felt.
Advanced Methods for Field‐Sequential‐Color LCDs with Associated Power Reduction Advantages
Authors: Shieh Han‐Ping D. , Huang Yi‐Pai
Published: January 2019

Using stencil‐field‐sequential‐color methods with field rates as low as 120 Hz in conjunction with local color backlight dimming can effectively suppress color break‐up. With the addition of a color‐filterless LCD with an intelligent LED backlight and a non‐polarized LC cell, optical throughput can be increased by a factor of 10, while at the same time requiring a lower material cost/count, resulting in an environmentally friendly display.*
Improvements in TFT‐LCD Performance: Better Picture, Thinner, and Lower Power
Authors: Semenza Paul
Published: January 2019

Large‐area TFT‐LCDs have made great strides in terms of improved image quality and form factors, and developments in LED backlights will lead to additional improvements. The next wave of TFT‐LCD development will focus on 3‐D capability and advanced formats.
OLEDs: A Lighting Revolution?
Authors: Song Ok‐Keun , Chung HoKyoon
Published: January 2019

Significant improvement in OLED performance levels has been made over the past decade. OLED technology has the potential to bring about a new era in lighting.
Phosphorescent OLEDs: Lighting the Way for Energy‐Efficient Solid‐State Light Sources
Authors: Levermore Peter A. , Weaver Michael S. , Hack Mike , Brown Julie J.
Published: January 2019

Phosphorescent‐OLED lighting is an emerging technology that offers power‐efficient and high‐quality illumination with compelling form factors such as thinness and flexibility. This article focuses on the development of OLED lighting panels, where phosphorescent emitters are used to realize high energy efficiency and long operational lifetime.
Do Consumers Really Go for Green?
Authors: Donelan Jenny
Published: January 2019

The market for green consumer goods has held steady, even through the recession. Green electronics, including those with displays, appear to be an important part of that market into the future. But determining which types of green electronics will sell, and why, is far from an exact science.
3‐D TV from the Consumer Perspective
Authors: Brennesholtz Matthew , Chinnock Chris
Published: January 2019

Enthusiasm for 3‐D TV will build more slowly than consumer‐electronics manufacturers would like, but consumers will eventually take it up in large numbers.
A Backlight for View‐Sequential Autostereo 3‐D
Authors: Travis Adrian , Emerton Neil , Large Tim , Bathiche Steven , Rihn Bernie
Published: January 2019

A backlight that emits collimated light whose direction can be scanned through 16° has been demonstrated. Combined with a high‐frame‐rate LCD, this could enable a stereo 3‐D display that does not require glasses.
Projected‐Capacitive Touch Systems from the Controller Point of View
Authors: Wang Tim , Blankenship Tim
Published: January 2019

Projected‐capacitive touch has grown more than 100‐fold in revenue since the iPhone was introduced in 2007, and it shows no signs of slowing down. This article describes many of the design and application challenges that must be faced when integrating projected‐capacitive touch into a device, with a particular focus on the importance of the controller's signal‐to‐noise ratio.
2011 SID Honors and Awards
Authors: Donelan Jenny
Published: January 2019

This year's winners of the Society for Information Display's Honors and Awards include Dr. Rudolf Eidenschink, who will receive the Karl Ferdinand Braun Prize for his invention and development of low‐birefringence, fast‐responding, and highly stable phenyl‐cyclohexane (PCH) and bi‐cyclohexane (CCH) liquid‐crystal families; Dr. Hideo Hosono, who will be awarded the Jan Rajchman Prize for his invention and development of high‐performance transparent thin‐film amorphous oxide semiconductors with large electron mobility; Scott Daly, who will receive the Otto Schade Prize for his many contributions to the enhancement of image quality and display performance; and Dr. Shin‐Tson Wu, who will be awarded the Slottow‐Owaki Prize in recognition of his exceptional contributions to the education and training of graduate students and professionals in the field of flat‐panel displays.
Part 2: Pre‐Clinical Assessment of Medical Displays for Regulatory Evaluation
Authors: Badano Aldo , Cheng Wei‐Chung , O'Leary Brendan J. , Myers Kyle J.
Published: January 2019

Challenges are emerging with regard to the pre‐clinical, regulatory assessment of display systems used for viewing and interpreting medical images. This article discusses those, and also the types of evidence that might be relevant to the evaluation of mobile image‐viewing devices, true‐color devices with applications in digital microscopy, and 3‐D medical displays as discussed in Part 1.
Display Week 2011 Review: e‐Paper
Authors: Heikenfeld Jason C.
Published: January 2019

A year of robust investment in more mature technologies also offers a few new surprises.
Stereoscopic Display Technologies and Their Applications in Medical Imaging
Authors: Albani Luigi , Marchessoux Cédric , Kimpe Tom
Published: January 2019

The recent evolution of 3‐D display technology will impact medical‐imaging visualization. 3‐D reconstruction systems and stereo cameras are widely available in medical modalities, and improved stereo 3‐D visualization will enable new procedures and easier interaction with volumetric anatomy data. New image‐quality metrics and basic requirements for stereo 3‐D displays are therefore under development.
Why Should I Choose a Plasma TV?
Authors: Donelan Jenny
Published: January 2019

Taking another look at plasma technology? Curious about its endurance in a marketplace seemingly dominated by LCDs? Information Display talked with plasma‐pioneer Larry Weber about price, lifetime, contrast ratio, the new Energy Star standard, consumer confusion, and more to find out about the many advantages of plasma TVs and the reasons for their longevity.
The TV of the Future
Authors: Semenza Paul
Published: January 2019

Over the past few years, TV sets have incorporated numerous new technologies and features, in some cases providing more than consumers have been able to utilize or afford. At the same time, the need to improve profitability and tap into emerging markets has led to TV sets that make explicit performance tradeoffs in favor of lower cost. In the near term, this has resulted in a proliferation of choices. What does this tell us about the TVs that will be available in 2015 and beyond?
CES 2012 Display Highlights
Authors: Sechrist Steve
Published: January 2019

Displays large and small played a dominant role in the products exhibited at the most recent Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas.
Part I: What Companies Need to Know about the Leahy–Smith America Invents Act (AIA) Patent Reform Legislation
Authors: Jablon Clark A.
Published: January 2019

The America Invents Act, the most significant change to the U.S. patent system since 1952, was signed into law on September 16, 2011. This series of articles will focus on selected provisions of the AIA that are likely to be the most relevant to companies in the display industry. Part I of this series of articles will focus mainly on key litigation‐related provisions that are effective now.
Display Week 2012 Review: LCDs
Authors: Poor Alfred
Published: January 2019

Despite financial setbacks, the LCD industry continues to innovate.
OLED Technology Prepares for Landing in the Commercial TV Market
Authors: Display LG
Published: January 2019

LG Display reflects on events leading up to the exhibit of its 55‐in. OLED display and explains what to expect going forward.
Part II: A Brief History of the Society for Information Display
Authors: Donofrio Robert , Knepper Robert C. , Tannas Lawrence E. , Weber Larry
Published: January 2019

In Part I of our 50‐Year Anniversary special article, we looked at the history of displays through parallel technology developments. Part II describes the history of the Society for Information Display.
Holography Power: A conversation with MIT Media Lab's V. Michael Bove, Jr.
Authors: Donelan Jenny
Published: January 2019

Information Display recently had the chance to talk to V. Michael Bove, Jr. about data processing and other logistical challenges designers face in order to render real‐time holographic TV images. (One of the Frontline Technology stories in this issue, “Real‐Time Dynamic Holographic 3‐D Display,” discusses a possible approach to creating such a TV. Bove heads up the Object‐Based Media Group at the MIT Media Lab. He is co‐author with the late Stephen Benton of the book Holographic Imaging (Wiley, 2008) and served as co‐chair of the 2012 International Symposium on Display Holography.
Transparent Oxide Semiconductors for Advanced Display Applications
Authors: Nathan Arokia , Lee Sungsik , Jeon Sanghun , Song Ihun , Chung U‐In
Published: January 2019

Amorphous oxide semiconductors continue to spark new technological developments in transparent electronics on a multitude of non‐conventional substrates. Applications range from high‐frame‐rate interactive displays with embedded imaging to flexible electronics, where speed and transparency are essential requirements.
Making Color in LCDs
Authors: Semenza Paul
Published: January 2019

Color filters play a key role in the balance between image quality and power consumption in LCDs. With high resolution a key performance feature, and LCDs facing competition from OLEDs with superior color gamut, color‐filter designs will need to continue to evolve.
RGB Color Patterning for AMOLED TVs
Authors: Kwon Jang Hyuk
Published: January 2019

RGB color patterning is one of the key technologies for manufacturing large‐sized AMOLED TVs. Two competing approaches are currently being used to realize RGB subpixels. One requires a more difficult manufacturing process but has better color purity; the other is easier to manufacture but requires optimization in algorithms to overcome some weaknesses.
Oxide TFTs for AMOLED TVs
Authors: Park Jin‐Seong
Published: January 2019

AMOLED TVs using promising oxide semiconductor and thin‐film transistors (TFTs) have been unveiled. This article will present the issues, challenges, and concerns of oxide TFTs for AMOLED TVs.
Flexing and Stretching
Authors: Heikenfeld Jason C.
Published: January 2019

So you work in displays? You may soon be working in flexible electronics too. Author Jason Heikenfeld, associate professor with the School of Electronic and Computing Systems at the University of Cincinnati, looks at several of the most interesting developments in flexible electronics.
Plan Ahead for the 2013 Symposium
Authors: Donelan Jenny
Published: January 2019

Make the most of Display Week 2013 with an advance look at this year's technology sessions.
Binocular Fusion Camera Enables Photography of 3‐D Displays for Evaluation Purposes
Authors: Kelley Edward F. , Boynton Paul A.
Published: January 2019

The binocular fusion camera is a simple apparatus that permits a user to see what is on the screen so that the eyes can converge to create 3‐D imagery. Left‐ and right‐eye images can be overlapped to render how 3‐D images will appear to both eyes, or the images can be rendered above and below each other in order to make motion artifacts visible. With this valuable tool, new insights into the visual performance of 3‐D displays can be achieved.
Start‐up Fundamentals
Authors: Seetzen Helge
Published: January 2019

A game‐changing idea is only one of the ingredients you will need to launch a successful new business. Without the right team and a commitment to ongoing fundraising, your brilliant new venture will founder. This article is the first of four in a series by a venture capital expert who has both launched and funded new companies.
Direct‐Dry‐Film Optical Bonding: Finding New Applications
Authors: Bahadur Birendra , Sampica James D. , Tchon Joseph L. , Marzen Vince P.
Published: January 2019

Originally developed for avionics and military displays, Direct‐Dry‐Film (DDF) optical bonding is now moving into industrial and consumer applications such as touch screens, TVs, smartphones, tablets, digital signage, and medical imaging.
New Transparent Conductors Take on ITO for Touch‐Screen and Display Applications
Authors: Semenza Paul
Published: January 2019

Indium tin oxide (ITO), a transparent conductor, has been a staple of flat‐panel display manufacturing for decades and has been in great demand from the growing touch‐screen industry. Limitations of cost and performance, as well as concerns over availability, have led to the search for a replacement material. Several candidates exist or are in development, but none have yet gained the scale to displace ITO.
Display Week 2013 Review: Touch Technology
Authors: Walker Geoff
Published: January 2019

2013 was a year of evolution and maturation for touch technology, with projected‐capacitive dominating the exhibit floor like never before. This article takes a close look at the state of p‐cap at the Vancouver show, as well as at the “Touch‐Gesture‐Motion” Market Focus Conference at Display Week.
Exiting with Grace – and Profit
Authors: Seetzen Helge
Published: January 2019

There are many ways to move on from the start‐up phase. Some deliver a better return than others, as is explained in our fourth article in our venture capital series.
2014 SID Honors and Awards
Authors: Donelan Jenny
Published: January 2019

This year's winners of the Society for Information Display's Honors and Awards include Dr. Katsumi Kondo, who will receive the Karl Ferdinand Braun Prize for his contributions to the development of in‐plane‐switching (IPS) TFT‐LCD technology; Dr. Dirk J. Broer, who will receive the Jan Rajchman Prize for his discovery and development of UV‐polymerizable liquid‐crystalline polymers; Candice Brown Elliott, who will be awarded the Otto Schade Prize for her development of PenTile display technology; Dr. Han‐Ping Shieh, who will be awarded the Slottow‐Owaki Prize for his contributions to the education and training of students and professionals in the display field; and Jenny Bach, who will receive the Lewis & Beatrice Winner Award for her sustained services and contributions to the SID organization.
Reflection Performance in Curved OLED TVs
Authors: Kelley Edward F.
Published: January 2019

One of the creators of the IDMS (Information Display Measurements Standard) takes the measure of the latest large, curved OLED TVs. In this second article in a series, he looks at reflection performance and makes a discovery that may necessitate a revision to the reflection measurement procedure in the IDMS standard.
The Future Is Paper Based
Authors: Martins Rodrigo , Pereira Luis , Fortunato Elvira
Published: January 2019

Paper may be the key to an entirely new class of inexpensive flexible electronics, including displays.
2014 SID Display Industry Award Winners
Authors: Donelan Jenny
Published: January 2019

Once again, The Society for Information Display's Display Industry Awards Committee has selected six award winners that have advanced the state of the art of display products and technology in the categories of Display of the Year, Display Component of the Year, and Display Application of the Year.
New Shoes? No Problem. Creating Dynamic Fashion with Wearable Displays
Authors: Mphepö Wallen , Gao Jiaqi , Li Miao , Wang Justin , Mengmeng Mega , Dan Tian , Zhao Hanson , Yang Guilan , Liu Yirui , Liu YinLei
Published: January 2019

A research team used an e‐Paper display to create a color and pattern‐changing shoe. Their paper on this project, “Wearable Display for Dynamic Spatial and Temporal Fashion Trends,” will be presented at Display Week's technical symposium on Wednesday, June 4.
From Idea to Enterprise – Technology Transfer Tips for Academics
Authors: Seetzen Helge , Whitehead Lorne
Published: January 2019

The earlier articles in this series by Helge Seetzen described the fundamental aspects of building a venture: people, funding, and monetization. While this information is useful for all aspiring entrepreneurial technologists, this fifth and final article in this series is devoted to the specific demographic of university researchers.
Products on Display at Display Week 2014
Authors:   The Editorial Staff
Published: January 2019

Some of the products on display at North America's largest electronic information‐display exhibition are previewed.
Display Week 2014 Review: OLEDs
Authors: Poor Alfred
Published: January 2019

OLEDs are no longer on the way; they're here. At Display Week 2014, not only did we get to see how they have become established in some markets, we also saw how the technology is advancing rapidly in ways that can only expand their appeal in the future.
The Progress of Light‐Field 3‐D Displays
Authors: Liu Xu , Li Haifeng
Published: January 2019

Light‐field displays represent an exciting and promising technology for the future. We introduce the principles of light‐field displays, describe different types of multi‐user light‐field systems, and discuss their relative merits.
The Curved Display Makes an Impression
Authors: Roh Nam‐Seok
Published: January 2019

Curved televisions, introduced last year, are entering the marketplace in greater numbers. These TVs offer viewers an enhanced immersive display experience compared to previous designs.
A World of Wearables
Authors: Donelan Jenny
Published: January 2019

The ever‐evolving category of wearables includes items that range from essential to whimsical.
Wearables Challenge the Display Industry to a New Round of Development
Authors: Gray Paul
Published: January 2019

Activity trackers, smart watches, and near‐to‐eye displays represent three major areas of wearable technology. In order to maximize on the potential of any of them, developers must combine forward thinking with enough humility to learn from the past.
Technologies and Trends for Vehicular Displays
Authors: Pala Silviu
Published: January 2019

Displays have become an integral part of the driving experience. The author takes a brief look back at the history of displays and then a look forward at how displays in vehicles will meet the ever‐increasing demands put on them.
Investigating the Architecture of Flexible Large‐Area Hybrid Systems
Authors: Wagner Sigurd , Sanz‐Robinson Josue , Rieutort‐Louis Warren , Huang Liechao , Moy Tiffany , Hu Yingzhe , Afsar Yasmin , Sturm James C. , Verma Naveen
Published: January 2019

Combining thin‐film sensor electronics with CMOS creates a new technology that marries the advantages of flexible large‐area electronics with the speed and processing power of nanoscale ICs. Several features of this new architecture could benefit the development of comfortable, wearable electronics.
Diagnostic Systems for Pregnancy Healthcare through Telemedicine Networking
Authors: De Pasquale Giorgio , Lentini Angela
Published: January 2019

Portable sensors and wireless networks are creating new applications in the field of pregnancy healthcare and fetal‐wellness monitoring. Portable devices and smartphones can be used as network coordinators and user interfaces for remote diagnoses from home.
Chinese Displays, Light‐Field Displays, and Automotive Technology Lead Trends at Display Week 2015
Authors: Donelan Jenny
Published: January 2019

Chinese display companies showed up in force this year, adding excitement to an already dazzling exhibit hall of displays in sizes ranging from micro to downright huge. A couple of futuristic table‐top displays and a wealth of automotive displays also commanded attention. Information Display's roving reporters were on the scene to describe these and other advances.
Image Quality and Metrology
Authors: Fiske Tom
Published: January 2019

Display technology delivers the photons to the front of the screen; the human vision system detects the photons and perceives an image. Measurement devices capture and analyze image characteristics and deliver objective quantities that engineers use to inform optical designs and monitor manufacturing processes.
Display Materials and Processes
Authors: Werner Ken
Published: January 2019

In addition to three major categories of new and evolving display materials – display glass, flexible transparent conductors, and quantum dots – a potentially disruptive material‐and‐process combination appeared at Display Week this year.
A General Framework for Measuring the Optical Performance of Displays under Ambient Illumination
Authors: Penczek John , Kelley Edward F. , Boynton Paul A.
Published: January 2019

The growing diversity of the display landscape requires a unified approach to characterize visual performance under realistic lighting conditions.
Advances in 3D‐Sensing Technologies and Applications
Authors: Bhowmik Achintya K. , BenHimane Selim , Kutliroff Gershom , Rand Chaim , Ho Hon Pong
Published: January 2019

3D sensing enabled by depth‐imaging technologies allows immersive user interfaces and lifelike interactive experiences via real‐time understanding of the 3D environment, people, and objects in real‐world scenes. Advances in this area are being made possible through several key technologies, including sensors, algorithms, and system integration.
Light‐Field Imaging Approaches Commercial Viability
Authors: Akeley Kurt
Published: January 2019

Recent advances in light‐field imaging suggest that light‐field photography can increasingly displace traditional 2D photography.
OLEDs with Candle‐Like Emission
Authors: Jou Jwo‐Huei , Singh Meenu , Tsai Yi‐Fang , Yu Hui‐Huan , Chen Szu‐Hao , Shih Sheng‐Hsu , Lin Shang‐Chih
Published: January 2019

Candle‐like organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) emit much less blue light than other non‐incandescent light sources. This type of OLED is characterized by low correlated color temperature (CCT), chromaticity tunability, and low melatonin (MLT) suppression. The light evokes a sense of warmth and creates a pleasant and calming ambience with its high‐quality diffuse orange‐red emission.
Elemental Evolution of Digital‐Signage Components
Authors: Feather Gary
Published: January 2019

The strong market growth of digital signage over the past 10 years will be outshone by the expanded performance and applications made possible through recent display and system advances.
New Directions for Digital Signage and Public Displays
Authors: Fender Todd
Published: January 2019

Part one of our two‐part series on the market dynamics of digital‐signage applications for commercial (or public) displays looks at the growth of the industry and the technologies that are helping shape that growth into the future.
Bulk‐Accumulation Oxide‐TFT Backplane Technology for Flexible and Rollable AMOLED Displays: Part I
Authors: Jang Jin
Published: January 2019

In the first of a two‐part series on a new backplane technology for flexible and rollable AMOLED displays, the author reviews a bulk‐accumulation (BA) amorphous indium‐gallium‐zinc‐oxide (a‐IGZO) thin‐film transistor (TFT) with 3–5 times the drain current of a comparable conventional single‐gate TFT. The advantages of BA TFTs include excellent performance from circuits such as ring oscillators and gate drivers and also higher robustness under mechanical bending.
Ten Intriguing Display Discoveries from CES 2016
Authors: Werner Ken
Published: January 2019

As expected, big beautiful screens were on hand at this year's show, but other less obvious examples of display technology helped complete the picture.
ID Interviews Mustafa Ozgen, CEO of QD Vision
Authors: Donelan Jenny
Published: January 2019

Mustafa Ozgen recently took the reins as CEO of QD Vision, a leading quantum‐dot (QD) company based in Lexington, Massachusetts. QD Vision was the first company to supply QDs for televisions (by Sony). Ozgen's work history includes 20 years in Silicon Valley, mainly in the software and semiconductor space, where he focused on consumer electronics. Prior to joining QD Vision, he was Senior Vice‐President of Sigma Designs, where he oversaw the Home Multimedia business.
Haptics Help Drivers Keep Their Eyes on the Road
Authors: Vöhringer‐Kuhnt Thomas , Hohmann Kai , Brüninghaus Andreas , Tunca Ercan
Published: January 2019

An empirical user study suggests that touch displays with haptic feedback reduce driver workload by making blind operation easier and faster.
New Directions for Digital Signage and Public Displays: Part 2
Authors: Fender Todd
Published: January 2019

The second half of our two‐part series on the market dynamics of digital‐signage applications for commercial (or public) displays examines the educational and corporate markets and winds up with a forward look at how OLEDs may further energize the industry.
Products on Display at Display Week 2016
Authors:   The Editorial Staff
Published: January 2019

Some of the products on display at North America's largest electronic‐display exhibition are previewed.
Light‐Field Imaging and Display Systems
Authors: Balram Nikhil , Tošić Ivana
Published: January 2019

Light‐field imaging and display are often treated as separate areas, but at a conceptual level they are closely related. Display can be viewed as the reverse path of imaging, and this way of thinking can be helpful in the design of either type of system. This article offers a brief outline of both light‐field imaging and display systems and a roadmap for their practical use going forward.
Display Color Gamuts: NTSC to Rec.2020
Authors: Soneira Raymond M.
Published: January 2019

Modern color gamuts are one of the most misunderstood aspects of display metrology. Here, we will examine the usefulness of the still widely referenced 1953 NTSC gamut and also compare accurately colorized gamuts in the 1931 and 1976 CIE color spaces.
Head‐Mounted‐Display Tracking for Augmented and Virtual Reality
Authors: Gourlay Michael J. , Held Robert T.
Published: January 2019

Head tracking is a key technical component for AR and VR applications that use head‐mounted displays. Many different head‐tracking systems are currently in use, but one called “inside‐out” tracking seems to have the edge for consumer displays.
Accurate Image‐Based Estimates of Focus Error in the Human Eye and in a Smartphone Camera
Authors: Burge Johannes
Published: January 2019

Estimation of focus error is a key consideration in the design of any advanced image‐capture system. Today's contrast‐based auto‐focus algorithms in digital cameras perform more slowly and less accurately than the human eye. New methods for estimating focus error can close this gap. By making use of optical imperfections, like chromatic aberration, these new methods could significantly improve the performance of digital auto‐focusing techniques.
SID Recognizes Outstanding Members of the Display Community
Authors: Donelan Jenny
Published: January 2019

This year's winners of the Society for Information Display's Honors and Awards include Hiroyuki Ohshima, who will receive the Karl Ferdinand Braun Prize for his contributions to LTPS technology and the mobile‐display industry; Shui‐Chih Alan Lien, who has earned the Jan Rajchman Prize for his contributions to LCD science and technology; Martin S. Banks, who will receive the Otto Schade Prize for his research into the causes of viewer discomfort and misperceptions in depth and motion; Deng‐Ke Yang, who has earned the Slottow‐Owaki Prize for his contributions to the education of students and professionals in the field of liquid‐crystal displays; Kenneth I. Werner, who will receive the Lewis and Beatrice Winner Award for his services as editor, teacher, technologist, and SID proponent; and Yi‐Pai Huang, who will receive the inaugural Peter Brody Prize for his contributions to the development of wide‐view MVA‐pixel technology and field‐sequential‐color driving methodology.
The 11 Best Display‐Related Finds at CES 2017
Authors: Werner Ken
Published: January 2019

The most exciting near‐ and medium‐term developments seen at the Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas revolved around quantum dots. And there were other surprises.
Q&A with IRYStec
Authors: Donelan Jenny
Published: January 2019

ID interviews Tara Akhavan, Simon Morris, and Afsoon Soudi, the principals of IRYStec, a Montreal‐based startup that makes Perceptual Display Platform (PDP), an embedded software technology that adjusts the characteristics of content displayed on devices to match how a viewer's eyes see it in different ambient light. IRYStec was founded by Akhavan and Soudi in Montreal, and closed its Series A financing round in June 2016.
Plastic Displays Will Play a Major Role in Automotive HMIs
Authors: Jones Simon
Published: January 2019

Automotive trends, including increasing reliance on the human‐machine interface (HMI) for the vehicle, indicate that future displays will need to be curved and shaped to fit any surface in the car. To speed adoption and reduce costs, it is desirable that this new generation of displays is manufactured using the existing automotive supply chain and building as much as possible on proven technologies.
Products on Display at Display Week 2017
Authors:   The Editorial Staff
Published: January 2019

Those products on display at North America's largest electronic‐display exhibition that were offered for preview are described here.
Stretchable Displays: From Concept Toward Reality
Authors: Hong Yongtaek , Lee Byeongmoon , Oh Eunho , Byun Junghwan
Published: January 2019

Stretchable displays are now being developed using strategies involving intrinsically stretchable devices, wrinkled ultra‐thin devices, and hybrid‐type devices.
New Polymer Materials Enable a Variety of Flexible Substrates
Authors: Voutsas Tolis , Reit Radu , Avendano Adrian , Arreaga David , Dupree John
Published: January 2019

The Pylux family of polysulfide thermosetting polymers (PSTs) has been developed to enhance manufacturing options for a wide range of flexible displays and electronics.
Materials and Other Game Changers
Authors: Werner Ken
Published: January 2019

Quantum dots, OLEDs, phosphors, e‐paper, glass, and films represented significant materials developments on display in Los Angeles.
Foveated Pipeline for AR/VR Head‐Mounted Displays
Authors: Bastani Behnam , Turner Eric , Vieri Carlin , Jiang Haomiao , Funt Brian , Balram Nikhil
Published: January 2019

In order to deliver a great visual experience with standalone augmented‐reality or virtual‐reality head‐mounted displays (HMDs), the traditional display rendering pipeline needs to be re‐thought to best leverage the unique attributes of human visual perception and the features available in a rendering ecosystem. The foveation pipeline introduced in this article considers a full integration of foveation techniques, including content creation, processing, transmission, and reconstruction on the display.
Recent Developments in Virtual‐Reality and Augmented‐Reality Technologies
Authors: Bhowmik Achintya K.
Published: January 2019

Along with the advances in virtual‐reality (VR) and augmented‐reality (AR) technologies, many challenges remain. This is therefore an exciting time for the display industry and its engineers. In this article, we present a summary of select new developments reported at Display Week.
Stretchable and Conformable Electronics: Heading Toward Market Reality
Authors: Ghaffarzadeh Khasha , Hayward James
Published: January 2019

Stretchable and conformal electronics are more than just novelties. This article describes how many of the simpler and less glamorous aspects of stretchable and conformable devices have already been commercialized or are very close to being commercialized.
Biological Effects of Light: Can Self‐Luminous Displays Play a Role?
Authors: Figueiro Mariana G.
Published: January 2019

Light is the major synchronizer of circadian rhythms with local time on earth, and can also promote alertness in humans. Self‐luminous displays built in a variety of form factors can be used to optimize circadian synchronization and alertness.
High‐Resolution LCD Headlamps for Intelligent Lighting
Authors: Reinert‐Weiss Christiane , Duhme David
Published: January 2019

Vehicle headlamps that adapt to external conditions are established and available in mass‐production vehicles; now the market is requesting headlamp systems with increasing resolution. Active‐matrix LCD (AMLCD) with amorphous silicon thin‐film transistors (a‐Si TFTs) is a mature and cost‐efficient technology that is known for its reproducible and homogeneous performance. Integrating an AMLCD with a‐Si TFTs into an LED‐based headlamp can fulfill all specifications for realizing a fully adaptive headlamp setup with high resolution.
This Year's Winners: A Fun and Compelling Group
Authors: Donelan Jenny
Published: January 2019

Each year, SID's Display Industry Awards Committee selects products that have advanced the state of the art of display technology in the categories of Display of the Year, Display Component of the Year, and Display Application of the Year.
Are MicroLEDs Really the Next Display Revolution?
Authors: Virey Eric
Published: January 2019

Interest in microLED displays has grown exponentially since the acquisition of microLED maker LuxVue by Apple in 2014. The technology offers the potential for multiple disruptive features, but it is also inherently complex and presents many challenges.
Calibration Requirements for Demanding Measurement Challenges
Authors: Kelley Edward F.
Published: January 2019

Today's state‐of‐the‐art displays, with their wider dynamic ranges and larger areas, demand state‐of‐the‐art measurements. Those measurements must start with accurate calibration sources. The author offers two new designs for light sources geared toward wide‐angle and low‐luminance calibrations.