bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Performance Analysis and Working Fluid Selection of a Supercritical Organic Rankine Cycle for Low Grade Waste Heat Recovery
Authors: Gao Hong , Liu Chao , He Chao , Xu Xiaoxiao , Wu Shuangying , Li Yourong
Published: August 2012

The performance analysis of a supercritical organic Rankine cycle system driven by exhaust heat using 18 organic working fluids is presented. Several parameters, such as the net power output, exergy efficiency, expander size parameter (SP), and heat exchanger requirement of evaporator and the condenser, were used to evaluate the performance of this recovery cycle and screen the working fluids. The results reveal that in most cases, raising the expander inlet temperature is helpful to improve the net power output and the exergy efficiency. However, the effect of the expander inlet pressure on those parameters is related to the expander inlet temperature and working fluid used. Either lower expander inlet temperature and pressure, or higher expander inlet temperature and pressure, generally makes the net power output more. Lower expander inlet temperature results in larger total heat transfer requirement and expander size. According to the screening criteria of both the higher output and the lower investment, the following working fluids for the supercritical ORC system are recommended: R152a and R143a.
Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase (IDO) Downregulates the Cell Surface Expression of the CD4 Molecule
Authors: Huang Guanyou , Zeng Yaoying , Liang Peiyan , Zhou Congrong , Zhao Shuyun , Huang Xiuyan , Wu Lingfei , He Xianhui
Published: August 2012

Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) has been implicated in preventing the fetus from undergoing maternal T cell-mediated immune responses, yet the mechanism underlying these kinds of IDO-mediated immune responses has not been fully elucidated. Since the CD4 molecule plays a central role in the onset and regulation of antigen-specific immune responses, and T cell is sensitive in the absence of tryptophan, we hypothesize that IDO may reduce cell surface CD4 expression. To test this hypothesis, an adenoviral vector-based construct IDO-EGFP was generated and the effect of IDO-EGFP on CD4 expression was determined on recombinant adenoviral infected C8166 and MT-2 cells, by flow cytometry and/or Western blot analysis. The results revealed a significant downregulation of cell membrane CD4 in pAd-IDOEGFP infected cells when compared to that of mock-infected cells or infection with empty vector pAd-EGFP. Further experiments disclosed that either an addition of tryptophan or IDO inhibitor could partly restore CD4 expression in pAd-IDOEGFP infected C8166 cells. Our findings suggest that downregulation of CD4 by IDO might be one of the mechanisms through which IDO regulates T cell-mediated immune responses.
Cloning, Phylogenetic Analysis and 3D Modeling of a Putative Lysosomal Acid Lipase from the Camel, Camelus dromedarius
Authors: Ataya Farid Shokry
Published: August 2012

Acid lipase belongs to a family of enzymes that is mainly present in lysosomes of different organs and the stomach. It is characterized by its capacity to withstand acidic conditions while maintaining high lipolytic activity. We cloned for the first time the full coding sequence of camel’s lysosomal acid lipase, cLIPA using RT-PCR technique (Genbank accession numbers JF803951 and AEG75815, for the nucleotide and aminoacid sequences respectively). The cDNA sequencing revealed an open reading frame of 1,197 nucleotides that encodes a protein of 399 aminoacids which was similar to that from other related mammalian species. Bioinformatic analysis was used to determine the aminoacid sequence, 3D structure and phylogeny of cLIPA. Bioinformatics analysis suggested the molecular weight of the translated protein to be 45.57 kDa, which could be decreased to 43.16 kDa after the removal of a signal peptide comprising the first 21 aminoacids. The deduced cLIPA sequences exhibited high identity with Equus caballus (86%), Numascus leucogenys (85%), Homo sapiens (84%), Sus scrofa (84%), Bos taurus (82%) and Ovis aries (81%). cLIPA shows high aminoacid sequence identity with human and dog-gastric lipases (58%, and 59% respectively) which makes it relevant to build a 3D structure model for cLIPA. The comparison confirms the presence of the catalytic triad and the oxyanion hole in cLIPA. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that camel cLIPA is grouped with monkey, human, pig, cow and goat. The level of expression of cLIPA in five camel tissues was examined using Real Time-PCR. The highest level of cLIPA transcript was found in the camel testis (162%), followed by spleen (129%), liver (100%), kidney (20.5%) and lung (17.4%).
Characterization of novel microsatellite markers for Eschscholzia californica (Papaveraceae), an invasive species in central Chile
Authors: Véliz David , Gauci Rachel , Bustamante Ramiro O.
Published: August 2012

• Premise of the study: We isolated and characterized microsatellite markers for the California poppy, Eschscholzia californica, which is an invasive species in central Chile.

• Methods and Results: A total of eight polymorphic and six monomorphic loci were developed for the species. Between one and 12 alleles were observed per locus. Polymorphic loci showed heterozygosity ranging from 0 to 0.875 in a sample of 96 individuals obtained from four populations. Only one locus showed significant departures from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium at all sites.

• Conclusions: The successful microsatellite amplification makes this set of primers an important tool for understanding the recent and future patterns of invasion and adaptation of E. californica into the new Chilean geographic area. The variation detected is currently being used in a more inclusive study that assesses population expansion in central Chile.
Reexamining Evidence-Based Practice in Community Corrections: Beyond “A-Confined View” of What Works
Authors: McNeill Fergus , Farrall Steve , Lightowler Claire , Maruna Shadd
Published: August 2012

This article aims to reexamine the development and scope of evidence-based practice (EBP) in community corrections by exploring three sets of issues. Firstly, we examine the relationships between the contested purposes of community supervision and their relationships to questions of evidence. Secondly, we explore the range of forms of evidence that might inform the pursuit of one purpose of supervision—the rehabilitation of offenders—making the case for a fuller engagement with “desistance” research in supporting this process. Thirdly, we examine who can and should be involved in conversations about EBP, arguing that both ex/offenders' and practitioners' voices need to be respected and heard in this debate.
1974. About Anti-Oedipus
Authors: David-Ménard Monique
Published: August 2012

La publication, en 1972, de L’Anti-Œdipe. Capitalisme et schizophrénie, par Gilles Deleuze et Félix Guattari, marque l’éloignement sans explication entre les psychanalystes et les philosophes critiques du « complexe d’Œdipe », considéré comme un mythe forgé par Freud. En lisant trois prises de position sur « l’Œdipe », qui ont suivi cette publication – celles de Jacques Lacan, de Michel Foucault et de Wladimir Granoff –, il s’agit d’évaluer pour aujourd’hui l’intérêt de ce débat manqué il y a quarante ans.
Asexuality, contemporary phenomenon?
Authors: Pardo Éléonore
Published: August 2012

Les asexuels sont des hommes et des femmes qui disent n’avoir jamais éprouvé de désir sexuel envers quiconque. Ce ne sont pas pour autant des asexués, ils ne sont pas sans sexe. Ils expriment clairement l’idée de n’avoir aucun problème avec le sexe. Ils ont toujours existé, mais depuis les années 2000, via internet, ils souhaitent être reconnus comme tels. C’est à ce titre qu’ils nous interrogent. Comment dans le monde post-moderne s’articulent le corps et l’identité ? Les asexuels constituent-ils une nouvelle entité psychique ?
About the feminine simulation
Authors: Lippi Silvia
Published: August 2012

La jouissance féminine est considérée, par Lacan, en tant que « Autre » par rapport à celle de l’homme. Elle est, de toute façon, difficile à cerner, d’autant plus qu’elle peut être, comme le montre la clinique, facilement simulée par une femme. Mais pourquoi une femme se met-elle dans la position de simuler l’orgasme ? Quels sont, pour elle, les enjeux de cette pratique ? Nous essayerons de montrer que la simulation n’est pas seulement synonyme de frigidité. Elle peut l’être, bien sûr, mais elle est aussi source de plaisir pour une femme et, paradoxalement, un expédient capable de favoriser la « rencontre » avec l’autre.
The bodily event, jouissance and the (post)modern subject
Authors: Canellopoulos Lissy
Published: August 2012

Le symptôme en tant qu’événement de corps est le point d’exception du lien social établi et est impliqué dans la jouissance du corps. Le sujet de la modernité est soumis au lien social du discours capitaliste. Sa structure n’a pas changé, néanmoins sa relation avec le langage et la jouissance est modifiée. Le sujet invente des solutions pour fabriquer sa subjectivité et supporter son existence, mais aussi pour s’opposer à l’Autre ou pour signifier son annulation comme celle-ci est dictée par le discours capitaliste. Quelle est la place de la psychanalyse dans ces conditions d’avènement du sujet ?
The return of subjectivity
Authors: Hoffmann Christian
Published: August 2012

Pour Lacan, le jeune analyste devait être en mesure de rejoindre la subjectivité de son époque. Aujourd’hui l’analyste peut se faire l’interprète des subjectivités de son époque en reconnaissant la diversité et la variabilité de leurs constructions et en s’interrogeant sur l’articulation des subjectivités à la question du sujet. Reste à distinguer le sujet de l’identité, distinguo où se repère l’échec de Foucault.
La fabrique du corps sexué
Authors: Laufer Laurie
Published: August 2012

En quoi la question de la sexualité est-elle importante dans la construction identitaire ? En quoi l’image du corps peut-elle déterminer la construction d’une identité sexuelle ? La fabrique d’un corps échappe-t-elle aux représentations de son temps ? Depuis le XVIIe siècle, la sexualité et les pratiques sexuelles sont l’objet et l’enjeu d’un discours scientifique qui détermine l’identité d’un sujet. Dans ses travaux, Michel Foucault étudie le discours sur le sexe qui établit historiquement le lien entre la sexualité, la subjectivité et l’obligation de vérité, une triade qu’il verse au compte de la psychanalyse comme héritière de cette scientia sexualis qui cherche la vérité au fond du sexe. La psychanalyse a-t-elle perdu le tranchant subversif de son geste qui invente la sexualité infantile polymorphe ?
L'expérience queer et l'inquiétant
Authors: Bourseul Vincent
Published: August 2012

L’insulte queer désigne celui ou celle dont l’identité sexuelle est vécue comme étrange par un autre. L’étrangeté rencontrée favorise le surgissement de l’inquiétant et de l’angoisse liée. Ainsi « l’expérience queer » peut se lire avec l’inquiétant développé par Sigmund Freud comme le signe du retour d’un conflit psychique anciennement traité, dont le renouvellement dans le présent fait vaciller les solutions, les traitements, les théories infantiles, institués pour défendre le moi contre un conflit historique, par exemple celui lié à la différence sexuelle.
L'asexualité, phénomène contemporain ?
Authors: Pardo Éléonore
Published: August 2012

Les asexuels sont des hommes et des femmes qui disent n’avoir jamais éprouvé de désir sexuel envers quiconque. Ce ne sont pas pour autant des asexués, ils ne sont pas sans sexe. Ils expriment clairement l’idée de n’avoir aucun problème avec le sexe. Ils ont toujours existé, mais depuis les années 2000, via Internet, ils souhaitent être reconnus comme tels. C’est à ce titre qu’ils nous interrogent. Comment dans le monde post-moderne s’articulent le corps et l’identité ? Les asexuels constituent-ils une nouvelle entité psychique ?
Questions sur la simulation
Authors: Lippi Silvia
Published: August 2012

La jouissance féminine est considérée, par Lacan, en tant que « Autre » par rapport à celle de l’homme. Elle est, de toute façon, difficile à cerner, d’autant plus qu’elle peut être, comme le montre la clinique, facilement simulée par une femme. Mais pourquoi une femme se met-elle dans la position de simuler l’orgasme ? Quels sont, pour elle, les enjeux de cette pratique ? Nous essayerons de montrer que la simulation n’est pas seulement synonyme de frigidité. Elle peut l’être, bien sûr, mais elle est aussi source de plaisir pour une femme et, paradoxalement, un expédient capable de favoriser la « rencontre » avec l’autre.
Droit naturel et « hétéronormativité » en psychanalyse et dans les sciences sociales : une critique polémique
Authors: Pechriggl Alice
Published: August 2012

Le présent texte est une critique des supposés naturalistes du droit qu’on peut trouver dans les discours anthropologiques et psychanalytiques et de leurs implications homophobes. Ceci s’est manifesté notamment lors des processus de législation concernant les couples gays et lesbiens. De l’autre côté il faut aussi voir les enracinements d’un concept vague et passe-partout d’hétéronormativité dans cette même tradition « jusnaturaliste ». Enfin il s’agira de montrer en quoi la psychanalyse de groupe, par la triangulation liée au groupe thérapeutique, pourrait contribuer à rompre les supposés, voire les dogmes essentialistes et discriminants concernant la sexualité que diffusent les institutions classiques de psychanalyse.
Sexualité et défiguration : des théories médicales du XIXe aux théories sexuelles infantiles de la psychanalyse
Authors: Linhares Andréa
Published: August 2012

La littérature médicale du début du XIXe siècle établissait de façon récurrente un lien entre anatomie et préférences sexuelles. Selon nombre de médecins de cette époque, l’idée de la défiguration corporelle était articulée à des pratiques sexuelles déviantes. Elle était tantôt envisagée comme la cause des désirs interdits, tantôt comme la conséquence physique visible des rapports sexuels illicites. Ces conceptions historiques du corps et du sexe peuvent-elles apporter un éclairage sur certaines expériences recueillies dans la clinique analytique ? Tel est le pari de cet article. En effet, dès lors qu’elles se réfèrent aux désirs refoulés, du moins socialement, ces théorisations anatomo-pathologiques peuvent fonctionner comme un terrain privilégié pour le déploiement des fantasmes inconscients. Chez les médecins du XIXe siècle, l’idée de la défiguration venait rendre visibles les traces des pratiques sexuelles qui devaient rester invisibles en société (masturbation, pédérastie et saphisme). De la même manière, certaines situations cliniques laisseraient penser que le fantasme de défiguration vient donner une forme corporelle à des positions psychiques angoissantes, de par leur contenu sexuel refoulé. Comme si, afin d’être circonscrits et contenus, l’excès et le désordre pulsionnels du retour du refoulé appelaient la construction psychique d’une figure du corps.
Événement de corps, jouissance et sujet de la (post)modernité
Authors: Canellopoulos Lissy
Published: August 2012

Le symptôme en tant qu’événement de corps est le point d’exception du lien social établi et est impliqué dans la jouissance du corps. Le sujet de la modernité est soumis au lien social du discours capitaliste. Sa structure n’a pas changé, néanmoins sa relation avec le langage et la jouissance est modifiée. Le sujet invente des solutions pour fabriquer sa subjectivité et supporter son existence, mais aussi pour s’opposer à l’Autre ou pour signifier son annulation comme celle-ci est dictée par le discours capitaliste. Quelle est la place de la psychanalyse dans ces conditions d’avènement du sujet ?
Éloge de la subjectivité en psychiatrie
Authors: Dimitriadis Yorgos
Published: August 2012

La subjectivité du malade est systématiquement méconnue par la médecine depuis surtout qu’elle est devenue scientifique – à savoir depuis le début du XIXe siècle. La psychiatrie doit être, encore plus que le reste de la médecine, orientée vers le sujet malade plutôt que vers la maladie, mais l’exigence de scientificité la pousse de plus en plus vers l’exclusion de la subjectivité, tant celle du malade que celle du clinicien. De nos jours, le sujet est de plus en plus confondu avec son cerveau, et tout un discours neuroscientifique infiltre notre façon d’apercevoir l’individualité et notre rapport à la jouissance. La psychiatrie, même dans ses applications biologiques, doit tenir compte du fait que l’homme est un être parlant, ce qui signifie qu’il entretient un rapport particulier à son corps qui, par conséquent, est « dénaturalisé » ; de ce fait, le sujet ne saurait être confondu avec son cerveau.
Le retour de la subjectivité
Authors: Hoffmann Christian
Published: August 2012

Pour Lacan, le jeune analyste devait être en mesure de rejoindre la subjectivité de son époque. Aujourd’hui l’analyste peut se faire l’interprète des subjectivités de son époque en reconnaissant la diversité et la variabilité de leurs constructions et en s’interrogeant sur l’articulation des subjectivités à la question du sujet. Reste à distinguer le sujet de l’identité, distinguo où se repère l’échec de Foucault.
Comment faire carrière en développant son intégrité ?
Authors: Jacquinot Philippe
Published: August 2012

Résumé On exige de plus en plus des gestionnaires une conduite intègre et irréprochable lorsqu’un dilemme éthique se présente. Et, pour corser les choses, les occasions et les tentations de transgresser les règles légales, déontologiques ou morales se multiplient dans un monde sans cesse plus compétitif et global, où les technologies et les repères sociaux connaissent une mutation rapide. Aussi, il importe de bien comprendre ce que sont les dilemmes éthiques. Cela permettra de les reconnaître et d’intervenir de manière intègre pour soutenir une carrière en gestion. Fonctions : GRH, management
Ces cadres-vedettes qui deviennent des cas problématiques : comment prévenir ce risque ?
Authors: Hébert Isabelle
Published: August 2012

Résumé L’intensification de la concurrence oblige les dirigeants à recruter pour les postes clés des candidats très doués, ambitieux et créatifs pouvant améliorer de façon importante les résultats de l’entreprise. Cependant, si ces cadres-vedettes constituent un précieux capital humain, dans certains cas ils peuvent se montrer arrogants, trop avides de succès et de reconnaissance ; leurs comportements risquent alors de nuire au climat de travail, voire à l’atteinte des objectifs de l’entreprise. Cet article dresse un portrait de ces vedettes dont la conduite est inacceptable. Nous décrivons ensuite les défis qu’entraîne leur arrivée dans l’entreprise, en insistant sur les effets nuisibles à la performance collective. En vue de minimiser ces risques, nous soumettons enfin aux dirigeants et aux gestionnaires des recommandations dont l’efficacité est reconnue par les chercheurs et les praticiens.
Comment gérer les employés à haut potentiel ?
Authors: Bentein Kathleen , Guerrero Sylvie , Klag Malvina
Published: August 2012

Résumé Une revue de la documentation montre que la gestion des employés à haut potentiel pose des défis aux organisations, notamment l’absence de définition universelle des hauts potentiels, l’identification des employés à haut potentiel privilégiant la performance et les résultats passés, des programmes officiels risquant de susciter trop d’attentes et des perceptions d’injustice, une gestion ciblant une relève possible plutôt que des hauts potentiels. Pour aider les dirigeants et les cadres à améliorer l’identification et le développement des employés à haut potentiel, nous proposons dans cet article les actions suivantes : partager la responsabilité jusqu’au plus haut niveau de l’organisation et créer une culture du développement, définir et communiquer les critères de repérage des hauts potentiels et rendre le processus transparent, gérer régulièrement les attentes des hauts potentiels et leur offrir des trajectoires de carrière individualisées, privilégier la logique du développement plutôt que celle du remplacement et, enfin, réviser et ajuster la gestion des hauts potentiels selon des indicateurs préétablis. Fonctions : GRH, management
Qu'est-ce, au juste, que le leadership ?
Authors: Sardais Cyrille , Miller Danny
Published: August 2012

Résumé Ce texte nous plonge au cœur d’une réflexion sur le leadership sous la forme d’un dialogue inventé entre un étudiant et Socrate, un philosophe de la Grèce antique préoccupé par la morale et le politique. Cet entretien permet de remettre en cause les définitions traditionnelles du leadership. Il permet également de faire ressortir une définition susceptible de résister aux contre-exemples les plus évidents et d’en tirer les leçons suivantes : le leadership peut être orienté vers le « bon » comme vers le « mauvais » ; il ne se réduit pas à la sphère d’autorité ; il ne concerne pas uniquement le changement ; il est toujours localisé ; tout le monde peut exercer du leadership ; enfin, le leadership n’est ni inné ni acquis. Fonctions : management, GRH Secteurs : tous
The effect of coral polyp sizes and coral exudates on picoeukaryote dynamics in a controlled environment
Authors: Wang Ying-Pin , Siong Tew Kwee , Kuo Jimmy , Ko Fung-Chi , Meng Pei-Jie
Published: August 2012

We examined the ability of scleractinian corals with different polyp sizes to remove picoeukaryotes by predation and the effect of coral exudates on picoeukaryote growth. Experiments were conducted by adding picoeukaryotes to Stylophora pistillata (SP) and Montipora stellata (MS). Within six hours the picoeukaryote concentration in the SP and MS tanks was significantly lower than the control without corals. SP showed higher overall activity than MS, and the particle removal activity of MS decreased in light conditions. Picoeukaryotes exposed to SP exudates grew significantly denser than those exposed to MS exudates or those in water without coral exudates. Dissolved organic carbon concentrations in the SP tanks were also significantly higher. We concluded that the picoeukaryote removal rates were higher in S. pistillata than in M. stellata, and coral exudates can reciprocally enhance picoeukaryote growth.
Discards of the purse seine fishery targeting small pelagic fish in the eastern Mediterranean Sea
Authors: Tsagarakis Konstantinos , Vassilopoulou Vassiliki , Kallianiotis Argyris , Machias Athanassios
Published: August 2012

We analysed data collected on board commercial purse seine vessels in the Aegean and Ionian Seas (eastern Mediterranean Sea, Greece) in 13 seasonal sampling periods from 2003 to 2008 in order to describe the composition of the retained and discarded catch and shed light on discarding practices. In each area, five species constituted the majority of the marketable catch (> 97%): sardine (Sardina pilchardus), anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus), round sardinella (Sardinella aurita), bogue (Boops boops) (in both areas), mackerel (Scomber japonicus; in the Aegean Sea) and picarel (Spicara smaris; in the Ionian Sea). Discarded quantities were on average 4.6% and 2.2% of the total catch in terms of weight in the Aegean and Ionian Seas respectively. Discards on the marketable ratio fluctuated over years and seasons without showing any particular trend. At the species level, sardine and mackerel were seldom discarded while large amounts of anchovy were discarded only during its recruitment period (autumn), when juvenile fish dominate the population. The discarding ratio for bogue, picarel and round sardinella ranged from zero to total discarding because they constitute a supplementary source of income for the fishers. Discarded fish comprised mainly small individuals for all species considered with the exception of round sardinella. However, the lengths at which 50% of the individuals were discarded were generally small, often smaller than the species minimum landing sizes. Geographical coordinates and marketable catch explained part of the variability of the discarded quantities, as revealed by generalized additive models. Discarding practices and implications for management of purse seine fisheries are also discussed.
Life history traits of the invasive estuarine shrimp Palaemon macrodactylus (Caridea: Palaemonidae) in a marine environment (Mar del Plata, Argentina)
Authors: Guadalupe Vázquez María , Ba Claudia C. , Spivak Eduardo D.
Published: August 2012

The invasive oriental shrimp Palaemon macrodactylus has been extensively recorded around the world, mainly in estuarine zones. In this study, the life history of this species was studied in Mar del Plata harbour (Argentina), a fully marine area where a stable and dense population has been established. Growth, sex proportion, morphological relationships, size at maturity and reproductive cycle were analysed between March 2007 and March 2009. A total of 9 and 7 modal classes (M1-M9) were detected in the size frequency distributions of females and males, respectively. The modes of both sexes were the same until M4 but from M5 to M7 females were larger than males. The life span was about one year with a clear seasonal growth. Recruitment and reproductive periods were recorded from December to March and October to March, respectively. The total sex ratio was biased to females. Nevertheless, a clear predominance of males was observed in classes smaller than 5.25 mm carapace length (CL). Females reached maturity at a larger size in spring to early summer (October–January) than in late summer (February–March); the estimated sizes for 50% sexual maturity were 6.79 mm and 5.91 mm CL, respectively. The results showed great differences from a presumably native estuarine population (Japan), such as shorter life span, smaller maximum size and smaller size at maturity.
The TCR Repertoires of Regulatory and Conventional T Cells Specific for the Same Foreign Antigen Are Distinct
Authors: Relland Lance M. , Williams Jason B. , Relland Gwendolyn N. , Haribhai Dipica , Ziegelbauer Jennifer , Yassai Maryam , Gorski Jack , Williams Calvin B.
Published: August 2012

The relationship between the TCR repertoires of natural regulatory T cells (nTregs) and conventional CD4+ T cells (Tconv) capable of responding to the same antigenic epitope is unknown. In this study, we used TCRβ-chain transgenic mice to generate polyclonal nTreg and Tconv populations specific for a foreign Ag. CD4+ T cells from immunized 3.L2β+/− TCRα+/− Foxp3EGFP mice were restimulated in culture to yield nTregs (EGFP+) and Tconv (EGFP−) defined by their antigenic reactivity. Relative to Tconv, nTreg expansion was delayed, although a higher proportion of viable nTregs had divided after 72 h. Spectratype analysis revealed that both the nTreg and Tconv responses were different and characterized by skewed distributions of CDR3 lengths. CDR3 sequences from nTregs displayed a divergent pattern of Jα usage, minimal CDR3 overlap (3.4%), and less diversity than did CDR3 sequences derived from Tconv. These data indicate that foreign Ag-specific nTregs and Tconv are clonally distinct and that foreign Ag-specific nTreg populations are constrained by a limited TCR repertoire.
The TRPM4 Channel Controls Monocyte and Macrophage, but Not Neutrophil, Function for Survival in Sepsis
Authors: Serafini Nicolas , Dahdah Albert , Barbet Gaëtan , Demion Marie , Attout Tarik , Gautier Grégory , Arcos-Fajardo Michelle , Souchet Hervé , Jouvin Marie-Hélène , Vrtovsnik François , Kinet Jean-Pierre , Benhamou Marc , Monteiro Renato C. , Launay Pierre
Published: August 2012

A favorable outcome following acute bacterial infection depends on the ability of phagocytic cells to be recruited and properly activated within injured tissues. Calcium (Ca2+) is a ubiquitous second messenger implicated in the functions of many cells, but the mechanisms involved in the regulation of Ca2+ mobilization in hematopoietic cells are largely unknown. The monovalent cation channel transient receptor potential melastatin (TRPM) 4 is involved in the control of Ca2+ signaling in some hematopoietic cell types, but the role of this channel in phagocytes and its relevance in the control of inflammation remain unexplored. In this study, we report that the ablation of the Trpm4 gene dramatically increased mouse mortality in a model of sepsis induced by cecal ligation and puncture. The lack of the TRPM4 channel affected macrophage population within bacteria-infected peritoneal cavities and increased the systemic level of Ly6C+ monocytes and proinflammatory cytokine production. Impaired Ca2+ mobilization in Trpm4−/− macrophages downregulated the AKT signaling pathway and the subsequent phagocytic activity, resulting in bacterial overgrowth and translocation to the bloodstream. In contrast, no alteration in the distribution, function, or Ca2+ mobilization of Trpm4−/− neutrophils was observed, indicating that the mechanism controlling Ca2+ signaling differs among phagocytes. Our results thus show that the tight control of Ca2+ influx by the TRPM4 channel is critical for the proper functioning of monocytes/macrophages and the efficiency of the subsequent response to infection.
Microbial Heat Shock Protein 65 Attenuates Airway Hyperresponsiveness and Inflammation by Modulating the Function of Dendritic Cells
Authors: Shin Yoo Seob , Takeda Katsuyuki , Shiraishi Yoshiki , Jeong Yi Yeong , Domenico Joanne , Jia Yi , Han Junyan , Spallek Ralf , Singh Mahavir , Lucas Joseph J. , Gelfand Erwin W.
Published: August 2012

Heat shock proteins (HSPs), produced in response to stress, are suppressive in disease models. We previously showed that Mycobacterium leprae HSP65 prevented development of airway hyperresponsiveness and inflammation in mice. Our goal in this study was to define the mechanism responsible for the suppressive effects of HSP. In one in vivo approach, BALB/c mice were sensitized to OVA, followed by primary OVA challenges. Several weeks later, HSP65 was administered prior to a single, provocative secondary challenge. In a second in vivo approach, the secondary challenge was replaced by intratracheal instillation of allergen-pulsed bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs). The in vitro effects of HSP65 on BMDCs were examined in coculture experiments with CD4+ T cells. In vivo, HSP65 prevented the development of airway hyperresponsiveness and inflammation. Additionally, Th1 cytokine levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were increased. In vitro, HSP65 induced Notch receptor ligand Delta1 expression on BMDCs, and HSP65-treated BMDCs skewed CD4+ T cells to Th1 cytokine production. Thus, HSP65-induced effects on allergen-induced airway hyperresponsiveness and inflammation were associated with increased Delta1 expression on dendritic cells, modulation of dendritic cell function, and CD4+ Th1 cytokine production.
Monocytes fromIrf5−/−Mice Have an Intrinsic Defect in Their Response to Pristane-Induced Lupus
Authors: Yang Lisong , Feng Di , Bi Xiaohui , Stone Rivka C. , Barnes Betsy J.
Published: August 2012

The transcription factor IFN regulatory factor (IRF)5 has been identified as a human systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) susceptibility gene by numerous joint linkage and genome-wide association studies. Although IRF5 expression is significantly elevated in primary blood cells of SLE patients, it is not yet known how IRF5 contributes to SLE pathogenesis. Recent data from mouse models of lupus indicate a critical role for IRF5 in the production of pathogenic autoantibodies and the expression of Th2 cytokines and type I IFN. In the present study, we examined the mechanisms by which loss of Irf5 protects mice from pristane-induced lupus at early time points of disease development. We demonstrate that Irf5 is required for Ly6Chi monocyte trafficking to the peritoneal cavity, which is thought to be one of the initial key events leading to lupus pathogenesis in this model. Chemotaxis assays using peritoneal lavage from pristane-injected Irf5+/+ and Irf5−/− littermates support an intrinsic defect in Irf5−/− monocytes. We found the expression of chemokine receptors CXCR4 and CCR2 to be dysregulated on Irf5−/− monocytes and less responsive to their respective ligands, CXCL12 and CCL2. Bone marrow reconstitution experiments further supported an intrinsic defect in Irf5−/− monocytes because Irf5+/+ monocytes were preferentially recruited to the peritoneal cavity in response to pristane. Taken together, these findings demonstrate an intrinsic role for IRF5 in the response of monocytes to pristane and their recruitment to the primary site of inflammation that is thought to trigger lupus onset in this experimental model of SLE.
Marginal Zone B Cell Is a Major Source of Il-10 inListeria monocytogenesSusceptibility
Authors: Lee Chen-Cheng , Kung John T.
Published: August 2012

Rag-1–knockout (KO) mice are highly resistant to Listeria monocytogenes infection. The role played by the many Rag-1–dependent lymphocyte lineages was studied using a genetic approach in which each Rag-1–dependent lymphocyte lineage was eliminated one at a time. Only B cell-deficient Igh-KO mice displayed reduced bacterial load and improved survival upon Listeria infection. Listeria infection of Rag-1–KO and Il-10–KO hosts that had been adoptively transferred with wild-type marginal zone B (MZB) cells, but not follicular B cells, resulted in heightened bacterial load and increased Il-10 production in the spleen, but not the liver. This MZB cell-dependent increase in bacterial load was eliminated by anti–Il-10 mAb. In addition, Listeria infection of MZB cell-deficient Rbpj-cKO mice showed decreased bacterial load and increased survival. Whereas multiple cell types have been shown to be capable of Il-10 production, our results indicate that the MZB cell is the most dominant and relevant Il-10 source in the context of Listeria susceptibility. In marked contrast to the generally protective nature of MZB cells in defending against pathogenic infection, our results demonstrate that MZB cells play a detrimental role in Listeria infection and possibly other infections as well.
Conservative Management of Type III Dens in Dente Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography
Authors: Pradeep K. , Charlie M. , Kuttappa M. A. , Rao Prasana Kumar
Published: August 2012

Dens in dente, also known as dens invaginatus, dilated composite odontoma, or deep foramen caecum, is a developmental malformation that usually affects maxillary incisor teeth, particularly lateral incisors. It may occur in teeth anywhere within the jaws, other locations are comparatively rare. It can occur within both the crown and the root, although crown invaginations are more common. The use of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) is very helpful in endodontic diagnosis of complex anatomic variations. In this case we demonstrate the use of CBCT in the evaluation and endodontic management of a Type III dens in dente (Oehler's Type III).
Large Multilocular Thymic Cyst: A Rare Finding in an HIV Positive Adult Female
Authors: Shi Xiao , Nasseri Farbod , Berger David M. , Nachiappan Arun C.
Published: August 2012

Multilocular thymic cysts with follicular hyperplasia are uncommon masses that occur in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) positive individuals. These cysts mostly present in HIV positive children. Here we report a rare case of multilocular thymic cyst in an HIV positive adult female. In this case report, the radiologic findings of multilocular thymic cyst, management and prognosis are discussed.
Selecting high yielding and stable mungbean [Vigna radiata(L.) Wilczek] genotypes using GGE biplot techniques
Authors: Ullah Hidayat , Khalil Iftikhar Hussain , Durrishahwar  , Iltafullah  , Khalil Ibni Amin , Fayaz Muhammad , Yan Jianbing , Ali Farhan
Published: August 2012

Ullah, H., Khalil, I. H., Durrishahwar, Iltafullah, Khalil, I. A., Qasim, M., Khan, S. M., Yan, J. and Ali, F. 2012. Selecting high yielding and stable mungbean [ Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] genotypes using GGE biplot techniques. Can. J. Plant Sci. 92: 951–960. Multi-environment trials (MET) play a vital role in selecting genotypes for wider adoptability based on their superior performance across environments. The present study was carried out with the aim of selecting high-yielding and stable genotype(s). A set of 30 mungbean genotypes were evaluated in four environments comprising years (2007, 2008) and locations (Peshawar, Swat) in Pakistan. Combined analysis of variance was performed for seed yield to determine the effect of environment [consisting of year (Y), location (L), and L × Y interaction], genotypes and all possible interactions among these factors. Analysis of variance showed significant genotype × year (G × Y) and G × L interactions (P ≤ 0.01) exhibiting the influence of changes in environment (L and Y) on seed yield performance. The large yield variation due to environment (E), justified the selection of a genotype main effect + genotype×environment (GGE) biplot as an appropriate method for analyzing MET data. GGE biplot arranged 30 genotypes in such a manner that they fell in four sectors based on their performance. Genotype'k' (NFM-11-3) performed well at PR07 and PR08, denoted as the first sector. In the second sector, mungbean genotype'y' (NFM-7-13) outclassed all other genotypes at ST07 and ST08. GGE biplot figured out the genotypes't' (NFM-14-5) and'e' (NFM-5-63-20) as the poor performing lines across location. GGE biplot identified ‘y’ (NFM-7-13) as the highest yielding genotype, followed by ‘k’ (NFM-11-3). Solely on yield performance, both of the genotypes were not statistically different however; the ranking made by GGE biplot was not only based on yield but on stability performance too. Similarly, Genotypes ‘Ad’ (NM-98) ‘m’ (NFM-12-6) ‘f’ (NFM-5-63-34) and ‘z’ (NFM-8-1) ranked 3rd, 4th, 5th and 6th as being stable and high-yielding across locations, respectively. Location ‘PR08’ was the most desirable environment as it lay closer to the “ideal” environment. While PR07, ST07 and ST08 were found undesirable regarding genotype differentiation as they were far away from the center of the concentric circle. The GGE biplot effectively identified the G × E interaction pattern of the data and explained which genotype performed extravagantly at which target environment.
The effect of cultivar, seeding rate and applied nitrogen onBrassica carinataseed yield and quality in contrasting environments
Authors: Pan X. , Caldwell C. D. , Falk K. C. , Lada R.
Published: August 2012

Pan, X., Caldwell, C. D., Falk, K. C. and Lada, R. 2012. The effect of cultivar, seeding rate and applied nitrogen on Brassica carinata seed yield and quality in contrasting environments. Can. J. Plant Sci. 92: 961–971. The unremitting growth of oilseed demand makes it necessary to explore alternative oilseed crops to meet this requirement. This study evaluated the effects of genotype, seeding rate and nitrogen (N) supply on the seed yield and quality of oilseed Brassica carinata A. Braun in three contrasting environments (Truro, NS, Harrington, PE and Saskatoon, SK). Useful genetic variation in agronomic and seed quality characteristics was found among these 10 B. carinata genotypes and genotype selection requires location specific recommendation. Line 050488EM had consistently good yield in both Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island, while line 070768EM displayed better yield stability across 2 yr in Saskatchewan. Because of the high degree of compensatory ability to low plant population, maximum seed yield of B. carinata can be achieved over the range from 34 to 114 plants m−2. No significant difference in oil and protein content of seed due to seeding rates was observed. The linear increase in seed and oil yield with increased N rate up to 150 kg ha−1indicates that B. carinata is highly responsive to applied N. Increases in N supply resulted in a decrease in oil content and a corresponding increase in protein content in all experiments. In summary, the findings of this study provide convincing evidence of the agronomic adaptation of B. carinata to all three locations.
The effects of environment and storage on rutin concentration in two asparagus cultivars grown in southern Ontario
Authors: Stoffyn Olivier M. , Tsao Rong , Liu Ronghua , Wolyn David J.
Published: August 2012

Stoffyn, O. M., Tsao, R., Liu, R. and Wolyn, D. J. 2012. The effects of environment and storage on rutin concentration in two asparagus cultivars grown in southern Ontario. Can. J. Plant Sci. 92: 901–912. Flavonoids have been shown to have many human health benefits due to their antioxidant activity. Concentration of rutin, the primary antioxidant in asparagus spears, can vary significantly with cultivar, location and season. Assessment of rutin in cultivars across locations throughout the harvest season in Southern Ontario, as well as in stored asparagus, is important for defining the potential benefits of consuming local asparagus. The objectives of this research were to determine the effects of cultivar, harvest time, location, spear diameter and part, and storage of fresh spears and freeze-dried flour on rutin concentration. Sampling date over the 6-wk harvest season and location did not significantly affect rutin concentration in either of the two cultivars tested. Rutin concentration was inversely related to air temperature before harvest and spear diameter, and for any given diameter, was highest in the tops of spears and decreased towards the bottom, in both cultivars. Soil temperatures before harvest were not correlated with rutin concentrations. Storage of fresh spears at 4°C, or freeze-dried flour at varying temperatures, did not affect concentration. The stability of rutin concentration throughout the harvest season, across locations and in stored products suggests predictable antioxidant levels in Ontario-grown asparagus.
Identidad de los abogados y formación universitaria en un marco de crisis
Authors: Efrón Marcelo Héctor
Published: August 2012

El presente trabajo, realizado en el marco del Seminario sobre Perspectivas Filosófico-Políticas de la Educación Contemporánea a cargo del Prof. Dr. Carlos Cullen, tiene como objetivo efectuar una breve una aproximación a la idea de identidad de los abogados, para posteriormente abordar algunos enfoques sobre el derecho y justicia, haciendo un rápido pasaje hacia una muy simplificada  referencia a la formación de abogados en el marco de lo que entendemos como una crisis de identidad profesional y, que se presenta temporalmente acompañando una revisión de la justicia como valor y como fin esencial del Estado.
Sistema de informação gerencial observatório da educação
Authors: Dalfovo Oscar , Dalfovo Lucimar Lídia Depiné
Published: August 2012

A competitividade de um mundo globalizado e em constante mudança exige que as instituições de ensino superior estejam sempre atentas e em busca da qualidade e satisfação de seus alunos. Estes itens são decisivos para assegurar a continuidade das instituições mais tradicionais, uma vez que novas faculdades e cursos surgem a cada ano, e também para garantir que estas novas instituições tornem-se competitivas e mantenham-se no mercado.  Para fiscalizar a qualidade e ajudar os alunos na sua escolha, o Ministério da Educação – MEC e a Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior – CAPES avaliam a atuação dos cursos de graduação e pós-graduação ofertados pelas instituições de ensino superior. O Programa de Pós-Graduação em Administração – PPGAd da Fundação Universidade Regional de Blumenau – FURB, o qual é recomendado pela CAPES desde 2000, também está em busca de qualidade e satisfação dos seus alunos. Para auxiliá-lo nesta tarefa, este trabalho apresenta o protótipo do Sistema de Informação Gerencial Observatório da Educação. Este sistema, o qual foi desenhado a partir do mapa estratégico do PPGAd da FURB, permite aos usuários visualizar informações relevantes para a tomada de decisão estratégica. Para o desenvolvimento deste trabalho foi utilizada a pesquisa exploratória com abordagem qualitativa.
Metodo integrado para la gestion de Universidades basado en el Balanced Scorecard (bsc) y el modelo europeo de calidad (efqm): caso U.C.S.M.
Authors: Villanueva Edwing Jesús Ticse , Tamayo Horacio Vicente Barreda
Published: August 2012

El presente Trabajo realiza la propuesta de un Método Integrado  que permite mejorar la competitividad en la Gestión de las Universidades, este método se basa: En una herramienta de Gestión Estratégica: el Balanced Scorecard (BSC), que fue creada por Kaplan y Norton en 1992; y En el Modelo  Europeo de Calidad (EFQM), que fue desarrollado como un Modelo de Excelencia en 1991. La metodología utilizada consiste en analizar las características, ventajas y limitaciones del BSC y el EFQM para aplicarlos simultáneamente en la gestión de Tomando como base los 9 criterios del EFQM, se desarrolla un Mapa Estratégico del BSC, para que se alineen todas las perspectivas hacia el logro de los Objetivos Estratégicos de la Organización. El método integrado planteado se aplica en el caso de la Universidad Católica de Santa María (Arequipa- Perú), donde se analiza las ventajas que implicaría la implementación del mismo
Brecha digital en la transferencia de conocimientos: educación superior en Argentina y Mexico
Authors: Escoto Blanca Bernal , Carella María Inés Gonzalez , Orta María Elizabeth Ojeda , Zanfrillo Alicia Inés
Published: August 2012

La brecha digital es un concepto que refiere a las desigualdades existentes en el uso de Internet y por extensión, a las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación – TIC –, de unos sectores sociales con respecto a otros. La brecha digital se basa en aspectos de acceso pero también aquellos relacionados con el uso y aplicación de las TIC. Entre otros, podemos mencionar tres tipos de brecha digital: de acceso, basada en la diferencia entre las personas que pueden acceder y las que no a las TIC; de uso, basada en las personas que saben utilizarlas y las que no; y de calidad del uso, basada en las diferencias entre los usuarios. Desde las perspectivas de uso y aplicaciones, las instituciones de educación superior han incorporado las TIC al quehacer académico para la elaboración y presentación de material audiovisual y, más tardíamente, para la comunicación con el alumnado y el planteo de actividades interactivas de formación bajo diferentes modalidades de dictado. Alumnos y docentes, asumen nuevos roles en un entorno donde se requieren capacidades y habilidades específicas para el manejo de la tecnología y la información. Las instituciones de educación superior, como estructuras axiales de la Sociedad de la Información, han realizado la implementación de las TIC con diferentes grados de avance  para la transferencia de conocimientos, ya sea a la comunidad académica en particular o a la sociedad en general. El propósito del trabajo es realizar un estudio exploratorio sobre usos y aplicaciones de las TIC en el quehacer académico de instituciones de educación superior de Argentina y México. La metodología consiste en un análisis de indicadores de acceso, uso y aplicación por país, para encuadrar un análisis particular de las condiciones de inserción de las TIC en los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje, desde diferentes dimensiones de abordaje.
Programa de ações afirmativas da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina: resultados preliminares
Authors: Tragtenberg Marcelo Henrique Romano
Published: August 2012

O Programa de Ações Afirmativas da UFSC foi aprovado em 2007, começou a ser implantado em 2008, com reavaliação cinco anos após, e compreende preparação do acesso, acesso com reserva de vagas para oriundos de escolas públicas e para negros e vagas suplementares para indígenas, ações de permanência, entre outras medidas. Este trabalho mostra indícios presentes nos primeiros resultados do Programa que questionam idéias do senso comum relacionadas a ações afirmativas tais como: cotas para escola pública englobam diversidade racial, ações afirmativas não atraem o público beneficiário como oriundos de escolas públicas, negros e indígenas; somente negros de escola pública devem ser alvo de ação afirmativa; alunos de ação afirmativa se evadem mais; alunos de ação afirmativa de escola pública têm desempenho pior que os da classificação geral; ações afirmativas não tem consistência jurídica.