bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
3D single shot lensless incoherent optical imaging using coded phase aperture system with point response of scattered airy beams
Authors: Kumar Ravi , Anand Vijayakumar , Rosen Joseph
Published: February 2023

Interferenceless coded aperture correlation holography (I-COACH) techniques have revolutionized the field of incoherent imaging, offering multidimensional imaging capabilities with a high temporal resolution in a simple optical configuration and at a low cost. The I-COACH method uses phase modulators (PMs) between the object and the image sensor, which encode the 3D location information of a point into a unique spatial intensity distribution. The system usually requires a one-time calibration procedure in which the point spread functions (PSFs) at different depths and/or wavelengths are recorded. When an object is recorded under identical conditions as the PSF, the multidimensional image of the object is reconstructed by processing the object intensity with the PSFs. In the previous versions of I-COACH, the PM mapped every object point to a scattered intensity distribution or random dot array pattern. The scattered intensity distribution results in a low SNR compared to a direct imaging system due to optical power dilution. Due to the limited focal depth, the dot pattern reduces the imaging resolution beyond the depth of focus if further multiplexing of phase masks is not performed. In this study, I-COACH has been realized using a PM that maps every object point into a sparse random array of Airy beams. Airy beams during propagation exhibit a relatively high focal depth with sharp intensity maxima that shift laterally following a curved path in 3D space. Therefore, sparse, randomly distributed diverse Airy beams exhibit random shifts with respect to one another during propagation, generating unique intensity distributions at different distances while retaining optical power concentrations in small areas on the detector. The phase-only mask displayed on the modulator was designed by random phase multiplexing of Airy beam generators. The simulation and experimental results obtained for the proposed method are significantly better in SNR than in the previous versions of I-COACH.
Systematic analysis identifies REST as an oncogenic and immunological biomarker in glioma
Authors: Wang Guan , Yang Xiaxin , Qi Mei , Li Meng , Dong Meng , Xu Rui , Zhang Chen
Published: February 2023

The repressor element 1 silencing transcription factor (REST) has been proposed to function as a transcription factor to silence gene transcription by binding to repressor element 1 (RE1), a highly conserved DNA motif. The functions of REST in various tumors have been studied, but its role and correlation with immune cell infiltration remains uncertain in gliomas. REST expression was analyzed in datasets of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) and validated by the Gene Expression Omnibus and Human Protein Atlas databases. The clinical prognosis of REST was evaluated by clinical survival data of TCGA cohort and validated by Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas cohort. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) contributing to REST overexpression in glioma were identified by a combination of a series of in silico analyses, including expression analysis, correlation analysis, and survival analysis. The correlations between immune cell infiltration level and REST expression were analyzed by TIMER2 and GEPIA2 tools. Enrichment analysis of REST was performed using STRING and Metascape tools. The expression and function of predicted upstream miRNAs at REST and their association with glioma malignancy and migration were also confirmed in glioma cell lines. REST was highly expressed and associated with poorer overall survival and disease-specific survival in glioma and some other tumors. MiR-105-5p and miR-9-5p were identified as the most potential upstream miRNAs of REST in glioma patient cohort and experiments in vitro. REST expression was positively correlated with infiltration of immune cells and the expression of immune checkpoints such as PD1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4 in glioma. Furthermore, histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) was a potential REST-related gene in glioma. Enrichment analysis of REST found chromatin organization and histone modification were the most significant enriched terms, and Hedgehog-Gli pathway might be involved in the effect of REST on the pathogenesis of glioma. Our study suggests REST to be an oncogenic gene and the biomarker of poor prognosis in glioma. High REST expression might affect the tumor microenvironment of glioma. More basic experiments and large clinical trials aimed at the carcinogenetic study of REST in glioma will be needed in the future.
Cooperation of N- and C-terminal substrate transmembrane domain segments in intramembrane proteolysis by γ-secretase
Authors: Werner Nadine T. , Högel Philipp , Güner Gökhan , Stelzer Walter , Wozny Manfred , Aßfalg Marlene , Lichtenthaler Stefan F. , Steiner Harald , Langosch Dieter
Published: February 2023

Intramembrane proteases play a pivotal role in biology and medicine, but how these proteases decode cleavability of a substrate transmembrane (TM) domain remains unclear. Here, we study the role of conformational flexibility of a TM domain, as determined by deuterium/hydrogen exchange, on substrate cleavability by γ-secretase in vitro andin cellulo. By comparing hybrid TMDs based on the natural amyloid precursor protein TM domain and an artificial poly-Leu non-substrate, we find that substrate cleavage requires conformational flexibility within the N-terminal half of the TMD helix (TM-N). Robust cleavability also requires the C-terminal TM sequence (TM-C) containing substrate cleavage sites. Since flexibility of TM-C does not correlate with cleavage efficiency, the role of the TM-C may be defined mainly by its ability to form a cleavage-competent state near the active site, together with parts of presenilin, the enzymatic component of γ-secretase. In sum, cleavability of a γ-secretase substrate appears to depend on cooperating TM domain segments, which deepens our mechanistic understanding of intramembrane proteolysis.
Uncovering hidden network architecture from spiking activities using an exact statistical input-output relation of neurons
Authors: Shomali Safura Rashid , Rasuli Seyyed Nader , Ahmadabadi Majid Nili , Shimazaki Hideaki
Published: February 2023

Identifying network architecture from observed neural activities is crucial in neuroscience studies. A key requirement is knowledge of the statistical input-output relation of single neurons in vivo. By utilizing an exact analytical solution of the spike-timing for leaky integrate-and-fire neurons under noisy inputs balanced near the threshold, we construct a framework that links synaptic type, strength, and spiking nonlinearity with the statistics of neuronal population activity. The framework explains structured pairwise and higher-order interactions of neurons receiving common inputs under different architectures. We compared the theoretical predictions with the activity of monkey and mouse V1 neurons and found that excitatory inputs given to pairs explained the observed sparse activity characterized by strong negative triple-wise interactions, thereby ruling out the alternative explanation by shared inhibition. Moreover, we showed that the strong interactions are a signature of excitatory rather than inhibitory inputs whenever the spontaneous rate is low. We present a guide map of neural interactions that help researchers to specify the hidden neuronal motifs underlying observed interactions found in empirical data.
Selectivity for food in human ventral visual cortex
Authors: Jain Nidhi , Wang Aria , Henderson Margaret M. , Lin Ruogu , Prince Jacob S. , Tarr Michael J. , Wehbe Leila
Published: February 2023

Visual cortex contains regions of selectivity for domains of ecological importance. Food is an evolutionarily critical category whose visual heterogeneity may make the identification of selectivity more challenging. We investigate neural responsiveness to food using natural images combined with large-scale human fMRI. Leveraging the improved sensitivity of modern designs and statistical analyses, we identify two food-selective regions in the ventral visual cortex. Our results are robust across 8 subjects from the Natural Scenes Dataset (NSD), multiple independent image sets and multiple analysis methods. We then test our findings of food selectivity in an fMRI “localizer” using grayscale food images. These independent results confirm the existence of food selectivity in ventral visual cortex and help illuminate why earlier studies may have failed to do so. Our identification of food-selective regions stands alongside prior findings of functional selectivity and adds to our understanding of the organization of knowledge within the human visual system.
Piezoelectric response of disordered lead-based relaxor ferroelectrics
Authors: Rojac Tadej
Published: February 2023

Lead-based relaxor ferroelectric perovskite oxides, exemplified by the (1–x)Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–xPbTiO3 (PMN-PT) solid solution, are a group of multifunctional materials with unique dielectric and piezoelectric properties. The long-lasting question that has intrigued the research community for decades is whether and to which extent the disordered relaxor nature of these materials is implicated in the exceedingly large piezoelectric response observed in both single crystals and ceramics. In this Perspective, focusing on PMN-PT, I briefly review and discuss the current understanding of the polar structure of relaxor ferroelectrics, followed by its possible implications in the large piezoelectricity. A critical review of the existing data confirms a significant progress made in recent years while opening up new questions related to the structure-property relations in these complex materials.
Functional two-dimensional high-entropy materials
Authors: Nemani Srinivasa Kartik , Torkamanzadeh Mohammad , Wyatt Brian C. , Presser Volker , Anasori Babak
Published: February 2023

Multiple principal element or high-entropy materials have recently been studied in the two-dimensional (2D) materials phase space. These promising classes of materials combine the unique behavior of solid-solution and entropy-stabilized systems with high aspect ratios and atomically thin characteristics of 2D materials. The current experimental space of these materials includes 2D transition metal oxides, carbides/carbonitrides/nitrides (MXenes), dichalcogenides, and hydrotalcites. However, high-entropy 2D materials have the potential to expand into other types, such as 2D metal-organic frameworks, 2D transition metal carbo-chalcogenides, and 2D transition metal borides (MBenes). Here, we discuss the entropy stabilization from bulk to 2D systems, the effects of disordered multi-valent elements on lattice distortion and local electronic structures and elucidate how these local changes influence the catalytic and electrochemical behavior of these 2D high-entropy materials. We also provide a perspective on 2D high-entropy materials research and its challenges and discuss the importance of this emerging field of nanomaterials in designing tunable compositions with unique electronic structures for energy, catalytic, electronic, and structural applications.
Northern hemisphere ice sheet expansion intensified Asian aridification and the winter monsoon across the mid-Pleistocene transition
Authors: Ao Hong , Rohling Eelco J. , Li Xinzhou , Song Yougui , Roberts Andrew P. , Han Yongming , Poulsen Christopher J. , Jonell Tara N. , Liebrand Diederik , Sun Qiang , Li Xinxia , Qiang Xiaoke , Zhang Peng , Dekkers Mark J.
Published: February 2023

The mid-Pleistocene transition 1.25 to 0.6 million years ago marked a major shift in global climate periodicity from 41,000 to around 100,000 years without a concomitant orbital forcing shift. Here, we investigate Asian climate dynamics associated with two extreme glacial loess coarsening events at the onset and middle of the mid-Pleistocene transition by combining new and existing grain size and magnetic susceptibility records from the Chinese Loess Plateau spanning the last 1.6 million years with general circulation model simulations. We find that the two extreme glacial events reflect exceptionally enhanced Asian aridification and winter monsoon activity. They coincided with notable Northern Hemisphere glacial ice sheet expansion at 1.25 and 0.9 million years ago when the 100,000-year periodicity initiated and intensified, respectively. Our results indicate that these anomalously dry and windy Asian glacials were probably driven by an amplified terrestrial climate response to the coincident Northern Hemisphere ice sheet expansion.
Most industrialised countries have peaked carbon dioxide emissions during economic crises through strengthened structural change
Authors: Bersalli Germán , Tröndle Tim , Lilliestam Johan
Published: February 2023

As the climate targets tighten and countries are impacted by several crises, understanding how and under which conditions carbon dioxide emissions peak and start declining is gaining importance. We assess the timing of emissions peaks in all major emitters (1965–2019) and the extent to which past economic crises have impacted structural drivers of emissions contributing to emission peaks. We show that in 26 of 28 countries that have peaked emissions, the peak occurred just before or during a recession through the combined effect of lower economic growth (1.5 median percentage points per year) and decreasing energy and/or carbon intensity (0.7) during and after the crisis. In peak-and-decline countries, crises have typically magnified pre-existing improvements in structural change. In non-peaking countries, economic growth was less affected, and structural change effects were weaker or increased emissions. Crises do not automatically trigger peaks but may strengthen ongoing decarbonisation trends through several mechanisms.
Equatorial Pacific dust fertilization and source weathering influences on Eocene to Miocene global CO2 decline
Authors: Wang Dunfan , Roberts Andrew P. , Rohling Eelco J. , Yao Weiqi , Zhong Yi , Yao Zhengquan , Lu Yang , Liu Qingsong
Published: February 2023

Stimulation of the biological pump by iron-bearing dust in the eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean plays an important role in long-term carbon sequestration, yet past dust fertilization and its impact on CO2perturbations over major climate transitions remain debated. Here, we integrate proxies of dust input, source-region weathering, and biological pump activity from late Eocene to early Miocene sediments of Integrated Ocean Discovery Program Hole U1333, which includes the Eocene-Oligocene Transition (~34 million years ago) when a major ice sheet was first established on Antarctica. We find that intensified chemical weathering in the large central Asian dust source region enhanced atmospheric CO2removal at ~34 Ma. Superimposed dust fertilization and biological pump action amplified this CO2removal before ~34 Ma, while weakening of this amplification process helped to moderate the CO2decline after that time. The observed inter-linked, counteracting processes with different timescales illustrate the complexity of carbon cycle feedbacks associated with major climate changes.
Arctic deep-water anoxia and its potential role for ocean carbon sink during glacial periods
Authors: Jang Kwangchul , Woo Kyung Sik , Kim Jin-Kyoung , Nam Seung-Il
Published: February 2023

Deep water freshening beneath pan-Arctic ice shelves has recently been proposed based on the absence of excess thorium in glacial Arctic sediments. This profound proposal requires scrutiny of Arctic paleohydrology during past glacial periods. Here, we present structural and geochemical results of inorganic authigenic carbonates in deep-sea glacimarine sediments from the Mendeleev Ridge, western Arctic Ocean over the last 76 kyr. Our results suggest that Polar Deep Water in the western Arctic became brackish and anoxic during stadial periods. We argue that sediment-laden hyperpycnal meltwater discharged from paleo-ice sheets filled much of the water column depending upon the density, substantially reducing the salinity and oxygen content of the Polar Deep Water. Our findings suggest that this phenomenon was more extreme in the western Arctic Ocean and may point to the potential role of the western Arctic Ocean as an additional carbon reservoir in the global carbon cycle across glacial-interglacial cycles.
A vertically paired electrode for redox cycling and its application to immunoassays
Authors: Park Jun-Hee , Lee Ga-Yeon , Song Zhiquan , Bong Ji-Hong , Kim Hong-Rae , Kang Min-Jung , Pyun Jae-Chul
Published: February 2023

An electrochemical immunoassay based on the redox cycling method was presented using vertically paired electrodes (VPEs), which were fabricated using PEDOT:PSS as an electrode material and parylene-C as a dielectric layer.
Recent advances in the synthesis and electrocatalytic application of MXene materials
Authors: Shuai Ting-Yu , Zhan Qi-Ni , Xu Hui-Min , Huang Chen-Jin , Zhang Zhi-Jie , Li Gao-Ren
Published: February 2023

This review summarizes the preparation methods of MXene and the applications of MXene in electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction, oxygen evolution reaction, oxygen reduction reaction, carbon dioxide reduction reaction and nitrogen reduction reaction.
A zinc-based metal–organic framework with a triazine moiety: effective detection of antibiotics and photodegradation dyes in aqueous solution
Authors: Chen Xueyi , Tan Geng , Chen Wanyu , Chang Jiaming , Yue Yuanmeng , Li Yameng , Weng Ng Seik , Zhang Lilei , Feng Xun
Published: February 2023

Effective detection of antibiotics and photodegradation using a novel zinc-based metal–organic framework.
Micro-Raman spectroscopic analysis of liquid–liquid phase separation
Authors: Choi Suin , Chun So Yeon , Kwak Kyungwon , Cho Minhaeng
Published: February 2023

This study aims to understand the molecular mechanism of liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS) in a heteroprotein system using micro-Raman spectroscopy. We observed specific structural information about proteins and water inside/outside a droplet.
The regulating effect of boron doping and its concentration on the photocatalytic overall water splitting of a polarized g-C3N5 material
Authors: Niu Xianghong , Zhang Xuemei , Shi Anqi , Sun Dazhong , Chen Dingbang , Zhang Lu , Huang Jialin , Liu Liqing , Wang Bing , Zhang Xiuyun
Published: February 2023

We combine a polarized material and the rational B-doping concentration to improve the catalytic activity and photo-absorption of g-C3N5 for photocatalytic overall water splitting.
Tunable broadband absorber based on a layered resonant structure with a Dirac semimetal
Authors: Li Wenxin , Ma Jing , Zhang Huafeng , Cheng Shubo , Yang Wenxing , Yi Zao , Yang Hua , Zhang Jianguo , Wu Xianwen , Wu Pinghui
Published: February 2023

Here, the broadband absorber can achieve electromagnetic wave absorption at 18–28 THz and realize multi-layer Fermi energy tunable. In addition, it shows high irrelevance between incident angle and polarization direction.
Mechanical and thermal properties of graphyne-coated carbon nanotubes: a molecular dynamics simulation on one-dimensional all-carbon van der Waals heterostructures
Authors: Li Jian , Ying Penghua , Liang Ting , Du Yao , Zhou Jianli , Zhang Jin
Published: February 2023

The mechanical and thermal properties of newly synthesized one-dimensional all-carbon van der Waals heterostructures (CNT@GNT) are comprehensively examined by MD simulations.
A robust and porous titanium metal–organic framework for gas adsorption, CO2capture and conversion
Authors: Pan Xuze , Si Xuezhen , Zhang Xiaoying , Yao Qingxia , Li Yunwu , Duan Wenzeng , Qiu Yi , Su Jie , Huang Xianqiang
Published: February 2023

A robust and porous Ti-MOF, LCU-402, shows permanent porosity for CO2, CH4, C2H2, C2H4, and C2H6gas adsorption, and can smoothly convert CO2into organic carbonate molecules by cycloaddition of epoxides with CO2in simulated flue gas.
Characterizing stochastic water age in premise plumbing systems using conventional and advanced statistical tools
Authors: Clements Emily , Irwin Christopher , Koestner Jacob , Taflanidis Alexandros , Bibby Kyle , Nerenberg Robert
Published: February 2023

This research used statistical tools to quantitatively assess water age in premise plumbing systems and compare different water usages.
Hepatic parenchymal cell and mitochondrial-targeted astaxanthin nanocarriers for relief of high fat diet-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Che Tongtong , Song Yukun , Su Wentao , Xing Shanghua , Wang Haitao , Tan Mingqian
Published: February 2023

Hepatic parenchymal cell and mitochondrial-targeted glycosylated whey protein isolate nanocarriers were constructed to deliver astaxanthin for effective intervention in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
Catalytic conversion network for lignocellulosic biomass valorization: a panoramic view
Authors: Wang Shenyu , Cheng Aohua , Liu Fanhua , Zhang Junjie , Xia Tao , Zeng Xiang , Fan Wei , Zhang Ying
Published: February 2023

The catalytic conversion networks for lignocellulose valorization including reaction routes, reaction types and key steps are comprehensively reviewed. The issues that need to be addressed for large-scale application are proposed.
Laser textured superhydrophilic silicon for uniform solidification and sensitive detection of water based samples using laser induced breakdown spectroscopy
Authors: Ahlawat Sunita , Mukhopadhyay Pranab K. , Singh Rashmi , Dixit S. K. , Bindra K. S.
Published: February 2023

In this report, we have evaluated the use of laser textured silicon substrates for uniform solidification of water based samples for their analysis using laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) with good repeatability.
The production of polymer reference materials for microanalysis with high homogeneity by a 3D printing method
Authors: Gao Tianheng , Ren Tongxiang , Zhou Yuanjing , Song Panshu , Wang Song
Published: February 2023

Creative use of 3D printing to create analytical standards greatly increased the sample homogeneity and the accuracy of the desired concentration.
Rapid PCR kit: lateral flow paper strip with Joule heater for SARS-CoV-2 detection
Authors: Kim Kihyeun , Lee Bobin , Park Jun Hyeok , Park Ji-Ho , Lee Ki Joong , Kwak Tae Joon , Son Taehwang , Shin Yong-Beom , Im Hyungsoon , Kim Min-Gon
Published: February 2023

A lateral flow paper chip is a promising platform for fast PCR because Joule heating of a PCR solution contained in the paper membrane leads to fast thermocycling. Moreover, amplicon can be detected by the naked eye in the lateral flow paper chip.
Interface-related phenomena in epitaxial complex oxide ferroics across different thin film platforms: opportunities and challenges
Authors: MacManus-Driscoll Judith L. , Wu Rui , Li Weiwei
Published: February 2023

This review focuses on recent progress, current challenges and perspectives in interface-related phenomena of complex oxide ferroic thin films for electronics and energy applications.
Unravelling the room temperature growth of two-dimensional h-BN nanosheets for multifunctional applications
Authors: Biswas Abhijit , Maiti Rishi , Lee Frank , Chen Cecilia Y. , Li Tao , Puthirath Anand B. , Iyengar Sathvik Ajay , Li Chenxi , Zhang Xiang , Kannan Harikishan , Gray Tia , Saadi Md Abid Shahriar Rahman , Elkins Jacob , Birdwell A. Glen , Neupane Mahesh R. , Shah Pankaj B. , Ruzmetov Dmitry A. , Ivanov Tony G. , Vajtai Robert , Zhao Yuji , Gaeta Alexander L. , Tripathi Manoj , Dalton Alan , Ajayan Pulickel M.
Published: February 2023

Hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) nanosheets are grown at room temperature by pulsed laser deposition that exhibits remarkable functional properties, creating a scenario for “h-BN on demand” under a frugal thermal budget, essential for nanotechnology.
In situ construction of NiCo2O4 nanosheets on nickel foam for efficient electrocatalytic oxidation of benzyl alcohol
Authors: Xu Min , Geng Jing , Xu Hui , Zhang Shengbo , Zhang Haimin
Published: February 2023

A NiCo2O4/NF catalyst with a nanosheet structure was designed, and it exhibited excellent catalytic activity and stability for the ECO of benzyl alcohol.
Ultra-high performance humidity sensor enabled by a self-assembled CuO/Ti3C2TX MXene
Authors: Wang Lei , Yao Xinqi , Yuan Shuaishuai , Gao Yang , Zhang Ruhang , Yu Xinhai , Tu Shan-Tung , Chen Shijian
Published: February 2023

Featuring high sensitivity, fast response time and good linearity, the CuO/Ti3C2TX humidity sensor has great potential for applications in health monitoring, environmental detection, and non-contact wearable electronics.
Analysis of canthin-6-one alkaloids derived from Eurycoma spp. by micellar liquid chromatography and conventional high-performance liquid chromatography: a comparative evaluation
Authors: Sakdamas Attapon , Makliang Fonthip , Putalun Waraporn , Juengwatanatrakul Thaweesak , Kanchanapoom Tripetch , Sakamoto Seiichi , Yusakul Gorawit
Published: February 2023

Miceller liquid chromatography for analysis of canthin-6-one alkaloids.
Investigation of the thermal deconstruction of β–β′ and 4-O-5 linkages in lignin model oligomers by density functional theory (DFT)
Authors: Houston Ross W. , Abdoulmoumine Nourredine H.
Published: February 2023

Density functional theory (DFT) simulations were performed on two lesser understood linkages in lignin. The Cα-containing bonds look to be the primary points of reaction along the β–β′ linkage during thermal conversion.
On design of plasma jet reactor for non-oxidative methane conversion
Authors: De Felice Giulia , Li Sirui , Gallucci Fausto , Pourali Nima , Rebrov Evgeny
Published: February 2023

The effects of electrode configuration of non-oxidative methane coupling in a plasma jet reactor have been investigated.
Pentafluorosulfanyl-functionalised BODIPY push–pull dyes for p-type dye-sensitized solar cells
Authors: James Richard D. , Alqahtani Linah S. , Mallows John , Flint Heather V. , Waddell Paul G. , Woodford Owen J. , Gibson Elizabeth A.
Published: February 2023

We report a push–pull BODIPY-based dye functionalised with an electronegative SF5 group at the meso position for applications in photocathodes in tandem dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs).
A comparison of dry and wet condition CO oxidation activity of a supported silver catalyst at low temperature
Authors: Chatterjee Maya , Hiyoshi Norihito , Fukuda Takashi , Mimura Naoki
Published: February 2023

Economizing low-temperature CO oxidation using Ag/TiO2 catalyst to achieve complete conversion with and without water vapor through the activation of CO, initiated by the highly abundant reducible oxidic-Ag species at the metal–oxide interface.
Electrochemically robust oxide-supported dendritic Pt and Ir nanoparticles for highly effective polymer electrolyte membrane-unitized regenerative fuel cells
Authors: Ko Young-Jin , Kim Hyunchul , Lee Woong Hee , Han Man Ho , Oh Cheoulwoo , Choi Chang Hyuck , Kim Woong , Baik Jeong Min , Choi Jae-Young , Strasser Peter , Oh Hyung-Suk
Published: February 2023

Electrochemically robust oxide-supported dendritic Pt and Ir nanoparticles for PEM-URFC.
High thermoelectric and mechanical performance achieved by a hyperconverged electronic structure and low lattice thermal conductivity in GeTe through CuInTe2 alloying
Authors: Kim Hyunji , Kihoi Samuel Kimani , Shenoy U. Sandhya , Kahiu Joseph Ngugi , Shin Dong Hyun , Bhat D. Krishna , Lee Ho Seong
Published: February 2023

The thermoelectric figure of merit ZT of GeTe is increased by about 77% through the optimized carrier concentration and hyperconverged electronic structure by Bi doping and CuInTe2 alloying.
3D bioprinting of a gradient stiffened gelatin–alginate hydrogel with adipose-derived stem cells for full-thickness skin regeneration
Authors: Ma Yuan , Wang Yilin , Chen Danni , Su Ting , Chang Qiang , Huang Wenhua , Lu Feng
Published: February 2023

3D bioprinting of a gradient-stiffened gelatin–alginate hydrogel accelerated wound healing by promoting the proliferation, migration, and paracrine secretion of encapsulated ADSCs.
Recent developments in carbon dots: a biomedical application perspective
Authors: Tu Le , Li Qian , Qiu Sheng , Li Meiqin , Shin Jinwoo , Wu Pan , Singh Nem , Li Junrong , Ding Qihang , Hu Cong , Xiong Xiaoxing , Sun Yao , Kim Jong Seung
Published: February 2023

Recently, newly developed carbon-based nanomaterials known as carbon dots (CDs) have generated significant interest in nanomedicine.
One-step synthesis of a robust, ultrathin, stretchable antifogging copolymer film
Authors: Ryu Jin , Oh Myung Seok , Yoon Jongsun , Kang Minjeong , You Jae Bem , Lee Hyomin , Im Sung Gap
Published: February 2023

A conformal antifogging polymer thin film with high stretchability was synthesized in a one-step manner using a vapor phase method.
Development of a gold nanoparticle-based lateral-flow strip for the detection of cannabidiol in functional beverages
Authors: Lv Shuai , Xu Xinxin , Guo Lingling , Xu Liguang , Liu Liqiang , Kuang Hua , Xu Chuanlai
Published: February 2023

A gold nanoparticle-based lateral-flow strip for the detection of cannabidiol in functional beverages with a visible limit of detection of 100 ng mL−1 and a cut-off of 1000 ng mL−1.
A dichromatic plasmonic ELISA CD81 protein sensor for ultrasensitive detection of preeclampsia
Authors: Chen Kexuan , Ma Nan , Sun Haobo , Zhang Xueji , Kong Jinming
Published: February 2023

In this article, a dichromatic plasmonic ELISA CD81 protein sensor is designed for ultrasensitive detection of preeclampsia (PE), which seriously affects pregnant women and fetuses' health, and causes maternal near-misses.
Ultrahigh-sensitivity multi-parameter tacrolimus solution detection based on an anchor planar millifluidic microwave biosensor
Authors: Yang Xiaojun , Guo Chen , Zhang Mengqi , Li Yuanyue , Ren Mengna , Mao Sui , Dhakal Rajendra , Kim Nam-Young , Dong Zhen , Sun Bin , Yao Zhao
Published: February 2023

In order to detect the drug concentration in tacrolimus solution accurately and efficiently, we proposed a millifluidic microwave biosensor which exhibits an ultra-low limit of detection (0.12 pg mL−1) and an ultra-rapid response time (∼109 ms).
Extracellular matrix (ECM)-inspired high-strength gelatin-alginate based hydrogels for bone repair
Authors: Wu Tengling , Liu Luxing , Gao Ziwei , Cui Chunyan , Fan Chuanchuan , Liu Yang , Di Mingyuan , Yang Qiang , Xu Ziyang , Liu Wenguang
Published: February 2023

A natural polymer-based hydrogel with excellent mechanical properties, biodegradability and swelling stability is developed by combining gelatin with hydrazide alginate, which can be loaded with psoralen to effectively promote bone regeneration.
Contemporary photoelectrochemical strategies and reactions in organic synthesis
Authors: Qian Ling , Shi Min
Published: February 2023

This review mainly summarizes some important works and recent advancements in the electrophotocatalytic strategy since its development (2019–2022) and introduces the catalytic mechanism of some electro–photocatalysts in detail.
MOF-derived transition metal-based catalysts for the electrochemical reduction of CO2to CO: a mini review
Authors: Li Jiaxin , Zhang Baogang , Dong Baoxia , Feng Ligang
Published: February 2023

The excessive emission of CO2derived from the consumption of fossil fuels has caused severe energy and environmental crises.
Selective Si–C(sp3) bond cleavage of a silyl-bridged amido alkyl ligand in an yttrium complex
Authors: Cai Jiamin , Zhang Jie , Zhou Xigeng
Published: February 2023

Rare-earth-mediated selective endocyclic and exocyclic Si–C(sp3) bond cleavage of a silyl-modified silylamido ligand was realized through the nucleophilic addition of unsaturated molecules such as CO, CS2, and organonitriles.
Multi-element signal enhancement mechanism investigation for laser ablation-assisted ultraviolet laser excited atomic fluorescence
Authors: Kou Kaikai , Song Weiran , Gu Weilun , Liu Jiacen , Song Yuzhou , Ji Jianxun , Hou Zongyu , Wang Zhe
Published: February 2023

Multi-element signals could be dramatically enhanced and better quantitative analysis performance could be obtained by laser ablation assisted ultraviolet LEAF technique with minimal sample destruction.
Introduction to Lab on a Chip Reviews issue
Authors: Wheeler Aaron R. , Ross Philippa
Published: February 2023

Aaron R. Wheeler and Philippa Ross introduce the first Lab on a Chip Reviews issue.
Autologous-cancer-cryoablation-mediated nanovaccine augments systematic immunotherapy
Authors: Yu Zhongyang , Wang Dawei , Qi Yuxia , Liu Jing , Zhou Tian , Rao Wei , Hu Kaiwen
Published: February 2023

Cancer vaccines developed from autologous tumors after cryoablation holds tremendous promise for individualized cancer immunotherapy.
Design of self-assembled glycopolymeric zwitterionic micelles as removable protein stabilizing agents
Authors: Rajan Robin , Matsumura Kazuaki
Published: February 2023

Polysulfobetaine, trehalose, and polycaprolactone were combined to create micelles that stabilize proteins and can be easily removed by ultracentrifugation. The three components work synergistically to enhance protein protection within the micelles.
The role of carbon dioxide and water in the degradation of zeolite 4A, zeolite 13X and silica gels
Authors: Jacobs John H. , Deering Connor E. , Sui Ruohong , Cann Amelia P. , Lesage Kevin L. , Marriott Robert A.
Published: February 2023

The degradation of desiccants is important in designing natural gas conditioning processes.
Access to functionalized 2-pyrones through cascade reactions of α-halothioesters involving DBU-derived ammonium ylides
Authors: Chen Liying , Di Huiming , Liu Jian , Zhang Jinfeng , Wang Bingfu , Jin Hui , Zhang Lixin
Published: February 2023

This methodology provides simple access to biologically and synthetically interesting functionalized 2-pyrones through cascade reactions of α-halothioesters involving DBU-derived ammonium ylide intermediates.
Total synthesis of isoneoantimycin
Authors: Usuki Yoshinosuke , Tanaka Yuka , Morii Miyu , Satoh Tetsuya
Published: February 2023

Isoneoantimycin, a minor metabolite produced during the fermentation of neoantimycin, is the first reported linear antimycin-type antibiotic. Our presumption of the stereochemistry of natural product was verfied with our synthetic isoneoantimycin.
Recent advances in carbosilylation of alkenes and alkynes
Authors: Pal Prajna Paramita , Ghosh Sumit , Hajra Alakananda
Published: February 2023

This review presents a collective discussion on recent accomplishments in carbosilylation of alkenes and alkynes up to January 2023.
Oxidation-responsive polymer vesicles with order–disorder–order multiple-phase transitions
Authors: Li Qili , Wang Kehui , Fan Linlin , Zeng Zhong , Huo Meng
Published: February 2023

Oxidation-responsive PEG-b-PVBMS vesicles were prepared via RAFT-mediated PISA of VBMS in ethanol/water, and their sequential oxidation-induced order–disorder–order multiple-phase transitions were reported.
Regioselective intramolecular cyclization of o-alkynyl arylamines with the in situ formation of ArXCl to construct poly-functionalized 3-selenylindoles
Authors: Yu Minhui , Jin Tao , Wang Xiaohua , Li Haohu , Ji Decai , Yao Jinzhong , Zeng Heyang , Shi Senlei , Xu Kaimeng , Zhang Lianpeng
Published: February 2023

In this paper, we have developed a metal-free protocol for the controllable synthesis of various 3-selenyl/sulfenyl/telluriumindoles from the regioselective intramolecular cyclization reactions of in situ generated RXCl with o-alkynyl arylamines.
Fabrication of an inverse opal structure of a hybrid metal-conducting polymer for plasmon-induced hyperthermia applications
Authors: Le Quang-Hai , Tran Thu-Uyen , Dinh Van-Tuan , Nguyen Hoai-Nam , Pham Hong-Nam , Nguyen Xuan-Truong , Nguyen Luong-Lam , Dinh Thi-Mai-Thanh , Nguyen Van-Quynh
Published: February 2023

This paper describes the effective fabrication of an inverse opal (IO) structure for plasmon-induced hyperthermia applications using silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) doped in a conducting polymer of poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene) (PEDOT).
Optimization of a silver-nanoprism conjugated with 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine towards easy-to-make colorimetric analysis of acetaldehyde: a new platform towards rapid analysis of carcinogenic agents and environmental technology
Authors: Farshchi Fatemeh , Saadati Arezoo , Hasanzadeh Mohammad , Liu Yuqian , Seidi Farzad
Published: February 2023

Acetaldehyde acts as an important mediator in the metabolism of plants and animals; however, its abnormal level can cause problems in biological processes.
Real‐time emission and cost estimation based on unit‐level dynamic carbon emission factor
Authors: Liu Jinjie , Zhao Huan , Wang Shuyi , Liu Guolong , Zhao Junhua , Dong Zhao Yang
Published: February 2023

The real‐time carbon emission estimation of generators helps quantify the carbon emission costs and reduce power system emissions of power generation. Accurate estimation relies on the accuracy of the carbon emission factors (EFs) and power generation measurements. The dynamic carbon emission factor (DEF) of generators was proposed recently as a linear function of the output power. However, there is a significant deviation between the modelled DEFs and the actual measurement EFs, especially when the output power is low. This paper first presents the general definition of the DEF to characterize the emissions and focuses on the unit‐level DEF (UDEF). The piecewise non‐linear UDEF (P‐UDEF) model is then proposed, which can better represent the unit emission characteristics. Then an accurate piecewise linear cost approximation method is proposed considering the segment points and extreme points of both P‐UDEF and generation costs function. Last, the system carbon emissions and costs estimation are estimated by combined economic emission dispatch (CEED), and the reduction potential is evaluated. Case studies on an IEEE 30‐bus system with piecewise linear cost functions show that the proposed P‐UDEF can realize real‐time emission and cost estimation as well as reduce the total system emissions by considering the incomplete combustion cost of generating units.
A systematic review on search‐based test suite reduction: State‐of‐the‐art, taxonomy, and future directions
Authors: Habib Amir Sohail , Khan Saif Ur Rehman , Felix Ebubeogu Amarachukwu
Published: February 2023

Regression testing remains a promising research area for the last few decades. It is a type of testing that aims at ensuring that recent modifications have not adversely affected the software product. After the introduction of a new change in the system under test, the number of test cases significantly increases to handle the modification. Consequently, it becomes prohibitively expensive to execute all of the generated test cases within the allocated testing time and budget. To address this situation, the test suite reduction (TSR) technique is widely used that focusses on finding a representative test suite without compromising its effectiveness such as fault‐detection capability. In this work, a systematic review study is conducted that intends to provide an unbiased viewpoint about TSR based on various types of search algorithms. The study's main objective is to examine and classify the current state‐of‐the‐art approaches used in search‐based TSR contexts. To achieve this, a systematic review protocol is adopted and, the most relevant primary studies (57 out of 210) published between 2007 and 2022 are selected. Existing search‐based TSR approaches are classified into five main categories, including evolutionary‐based, swarm intelligence‐based, human‐based, physics‐based, and hybrid, grounded on the type of employed search algorithm. Moreover, the current work reports the parameter settings according to their category, the type of considered operator(s), and the probabilistic rate that significantly impacts on the quality of the obtained solution. Furthermore, this study describes the comparison baseline techniques that support the empirical comparison regarding the cost‐effectiveness of a search‐based TSR approach. Finally, it isconcluded that search‐based TSR has great potential to optimally solve the TSR problem. In this regard, several potential research directions are outlined as useful for future researchers interested in conducting research in the TSR domain.
Meandering periods and asymmetries in light curves of Miras: Observational evidence for low mass-loss rates
Authors: Merchan-Benitez P. , Uttenthaler S. , Jurado-Vargas M.
Published: February 2023

Context. Some Miras (long-period variables in late evolutionary stages) have meandering pulsation periods and light-curve asymmetries, the causes of which are still unclear.

Aims. We aim to better understand the origin of meandering periods and light-curve asymmetries by investigating a sample of Miras in the solar neighbourhood. We characterised this group of stars and related their variability characteristics to other stellar parameters.

Methods. We analysed observations from several databases to obtain light curves with maximum time span and temporal coverage for a sample of 548 Miras. We determined their pulsation-period evolution over a time span of many decades, searched for changes in the periods, and determined the amplitude of the period change. We also analysed the Fourier spectra with respect to possible secondary frequency maxima. The sample was divided into two groups with respect to the presence of light-curve asymmetries (‘bumps’). Infrared colours and indicators of the third dredge-up were collected to study the mass loss and deep mixing properties of the stars of our sample.

Results. Our analysis reveals one new star, T Lyn, with a continuously changing period. The group of Miras with meandering period changes is exclusively made up of M-type stars. The Fourier spectra of the meandering-period Miras have no prominent additional peaks, suggesting that additional pulsation modes are not the cause of the meandering periods. We confirm that light-curve bumps are more common among S and C Miras and show, for the first time, that Miras with such bumps have lower mass-loss rates than those with regular, symmetric light curves. Also, Miras with meandering period changes have relatively little mass loss.

Conclusions. We conclude that Miras with strongly changing periods (including meandering periods) or asymmetries in their light curves have relatively low dust mass-loss rates. Meandering period changes and light-curve asymmetries could be connected to He-shell flashes and third dredge-up episodes.
Polarisation leakage due to errors in track reconstruction in gas pixel detectors
Authors: Bucciantini N. , Di Lalla N. , Romani R. W. R. , Silvestri S. , Negro M. , Baldini L. , Tennant A. F. , Manfreda A.
Published: February 2023

X-ray polarimetry based on gas pixel detectors (GPDs) has reached a high level of maturity thanks to the Imaging X-ray Polarimeter Explorer (IXPE) providing the first-ever spatially resolved polarimetric measurements. However, as this a new technique, a few unexpected effects have emerged in the course of in-flight operations. In particular, it was almost immediately found that, the unpolarized calibration sources on-board were showing radially polarized halos. The origin of these features was recognized in a correlation between the error in reconstructing the absorption point of the X-ray photon and the direction of its electric field vector. Here, we present and discuss this effect in detail, showing that it is possible to provide a simple and robust mathematical formalism to handle it. We further show its role and relevance for the recent IXPE measures as well as for the use of GPD-based techniques in general. We also illustrate how to model it in the context of studying extended sources.
Hyperimmunplasma: Gewinnung, Verarbeitung und therapeutische
Anwendungen
Authors: Niemann Gabriele , Germer Matthias , Hauf Matthias , Poelsler Gerhard , Röder Juliane , Schüttrumpf Jörg
Published: February 2023

Das Prinzip der passiven Immunisierung ist seit dem 19. Jahrhundert bekannt und
wird auch bei aktuellen Pandemien als Ansatz zur Prophylaxe und Therapie
eingesetzt. Der Schutz wird hierbei übertragen durch Blut, Serum oder
Plasma, welche Immunglobuline gegen spezifische Krankheitserreger,
Bakterientoxine oder sonstige Antigene enthalten, sowie durch aus Humanplasma
industriell aufgereinigte Immunglobuline. Die aktuell verwendeten
Reinigungsverfahren für Immunglobuline aus Humanplasma beruhen auf der
von Edwin J. Cohn entwickelten Fraktionierung von Plasma. Zur Gewinnung von
Immunglobulinen mit hohen Antikörpertitern gegen spezifische Antigene,
sogenannte Hyperimmunglobuline, muss zunächst Hyperimmunplasma gezielt
von ausgewählten Spendern gewonnen werden. Diese Spender haben
erhöhte Antikörpertiter gegen spezifische Krankheitserreger,
Bakterientoxine oder sonstige Antigene, wenn sie im Rahmen einer vorangegangenen
Infektion natürlich immunisiert wurden, einen zugelassenen Impfstoff zur
Immunisierung erhalten haben oder gezielt zum Zweck der Plasmaspende immunisiert
wurden. Aktuell sind in Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz
Hyperimmunglobulinprodukte für verschiedene Anwendungen im Patienten
zugelassen, von denen die meisten aus humanem Blutplasma gewonnen werden. Um die
Herstellung der Produkte und damit letztlich die Behandlung der Patienten
gewährleisten zu können, werden resiliente Lieferketten
benötigt. Hierzu bedarf es unter anderem Änderungen in den
Rahmenbedingungen für die Spenderimmunisierung in Deutschland.
Verständnis und Bedürfnis medizinischer
Rehabilitation in der Bevölkerung – Ergebnisse einer
Online-Befragung
Authors: Golla André , Saal Susanne , Meyer Gabriele , Frese Thomas , Mikolajczyk Rafael , Richter Matthias , Schildmann Jan , Steckelberg Anke , Mau Wilfried
Published: February 2023

Ziel der Studie Der Zugang zu medizinischen Rehabilitationsleistungen
setzt in der Regel eine aktive Beantragung und somit ein gewisses
Angebotsverständnis bei gesundheitsbedingt Beeinträchtigten
sowie nahestehenden Personen mit informellen Rollenfunktionen (z. B.
Angehörige) voraus. Zur Generierung aktueller Daten zum
Verständnis und subjektiven Bedürfnis medizinischer
Rehabilitationsleistungen wurde eine Bevölkerungsbefragung
durchgeführt.

Methode 2401 registrierte Teilnehmende (Alter: 18 bis 79 Jahre) einer
bevölkerungsbasierten Online-Panelstudie erhielten im September 2020 via
E-Mail eine Einladung zur Beantwortung eines Onlinefragebogens. Es wurden
subjektive Informiertheit, aktuelles und perspektivisches Bedürfnis
sowie Einstellung und Erwartung bezüglich der medizinischen
Rehabilitation erhoben. Neben deskriptiver Analyse unter
Berücksichtigung von Erwerbsstatus,
Aktivitäts-/Teilhabebeeinträchtigung und
Rehabilitationserfahrung wurden mittels logistischer Regression Einflussfaktoren
auf das subjektive Rehabilitationsbedürfnis untersucht.

Ergebnis Daten von 1464 Personen (Ø Alter: 52,5±14,5
Jahre; 55% nicht-männlich) gingen in die Auswertung ein.
44% aller Befragten schätzten sich bezüglich der
Rehabilitation als insgesamt „eher gut“ bzw. „sehr
gut“ informiert ein. Der Großteil der Befragten assoziierte ein
Rehabilitationsbedürfnis mit trägerseitigen Zugangskriterien und
benannte die hausärztliche Versorgung als erste Anlaufstelle für
eine Rehabilitation. Es zeigt sich eine eher funktionsorientierte
Erwartungshaltung gegenüber der medizinischen Rehabilitation sowie der
überwiegende Wunsch nach stationärer Rehabilitationsform im
Bedarfsfall. Unter 383 Personen mit
Aktivitäts-/Teilhabebeeinträchtigung war das
individuelle Rehabilitationsbedürfnis neben einem höheren
subjektiven Beeinträchtigungsgrad durch eine eigene bzw. bei
nahestehenden Personen vorhandene Rehabilitationserfahrung beeinflusst.

Schlussfolgerung Das perspektivische Rehabilitationsbedürfnis
deckt sich weitgehend mit relevanten Trägerkriterien. Gleichzeitig
zeigen sich Differenzen in der rehabilitativen Sichtweise zwischen bestimmten
Adressatengruppen. Um das Rehabilitationsverständnis – in der
Öffentlichkeit und speziell auch im zugangsrelevanten Umfeld von
beeinträchtigten Personen – zu verbessern, sollten
diesbezüglich angepasste Informationsstrategien verfolgt werden.