bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Understanding Urban Farming as Food Security for Community Resilience: A Study in Malang City
Authors: Maulana Ilham Nur Hanifan , Pratama Ahmad Herlyasa Sosro , Sukardi Sukardi , Nurhayati Handayani , Putri Della Agustina , Wardah Tasya Fiane
Published: December 2023

Urban Farming atau pertanian perkotaan adalah suatu konsep dan pendekatan yang menjanjikan pembangunan berkelanjutan serta ketahanan pangan di Kota Malang, wilayah dengan kebutuhan perumahan yang tinggi dan urgensi kekurangan lahan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi variasi penerapan konsep urban farming sebagai upaya menjaga ketahanan pangan demi mewujudkan ketahanan masyarakat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Penelitian dilakukan secara kualitatif dengan menggunakan alat analisis kepustakaan. Pencarian data dan sumber pustaka dilakukan dengan menggunakan alat pencarian online seperti Mendeley, Zotero, Publish or Perish, dan Google Scholar, yang berisi platform jurnal Scopus, ScienceDirect, dan jurnal pendukung lainnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa urban farming dapat meningkatkan ketahanan pangan keluarga. Motivasi berusaha, kapasitas sumber daya manusia, dan partisipasi masyarakat merupakan faktor penting dalam meningkatkan pemberdayaan ekonomi swadaya masyarakat secara signifikan. Urban farming dapat dilakukan baik dalam skala kecil atau besar. Superblok hidroponik vertikal telah populer menjadi salah satu metode tanam dalam konsep urban farming karena dapat menawarkan berbagai manfaat, meliputi peningkatan keberlanjutan lingkungan hidup organik, pengurangan emisi pada lingkungan masyarakat, dan peningkatan kualitas hidup warga.
The Polowijen Cultural Village Sector of Halal Destinations as A Medium for Regional Economic Resilience Post Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Yudha Ana Toni Roby Candra , Febriyanti Novi , Rofiqoh Isnaini
Published: December 2023

This research aims to determine the potential and opportunities of the area as well as the readiness of the Polowijen Cultural Village sector to become a halal tourism area and provide a strategic evaluation. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach. Primary data sources and some secondary data as research data sources dominate this research. The data analysis techniques used by researchers in formulating strategies is the strategic environmental analysis and SWOT analysis. The results of the research show that the current readiness of the Polowijen Cultural Village Tourism sector is inadequate for Islamic tourism. The lack of public facilities and supporting facilities for tourists is the most important factor in implementing Sharia tourism. Further research results show that Polowijen Cultural Village tourism is in quadrant III (Turn Around). Suggestions that are relevant to these results are that the Malang village and district governments need to work together by publishing via social media, issuing special regulations from the village, sub-district to central levels regarding investment, and developing educational and literacy aspects about halal tourism. Suggestions that are relevant to these results are that the Malang village and district governments need to work together by publishing via social media, issuing special regulations from the village, sub-district to central levels regarding investment, and developing educational and literacy aspects about halal tourism.
KEARIFAN LOKAL MASYARAKAT PADA PENGELOLAAN AGROFORESTRI DI DESA BATU NINDAN KABUPATEN KAPUAS
Authors: Hanifah Cahyani , Hafizianor Hafizianor , Asysyifa Asysyifa
Published: December 2023

Local wisdom is a form of behavior or mindset of the people of an area that is applied in the environment where they live. The purpose of this study was to examine the local wisdom of the community in managing agroforestry land in Batu Nindan Village. This research method is interviewing key respondent (such as village heads, community leaders, and agroforestry farmers) who have information related to the problem under study regarding forms of local community wisdom in managing agroforestry land. The interview method used is in-depth interviews to key respondent. The data were obtained from direct observations in the field. The results of the observation of this study are that there are three components, namely Ideological Superstructure (relating to the carrying out of a traditional ritual during land clearing called the ritual "Ala Ayuning or Dewase Ayu"), Social Structure (absence of customary institutions related to agroforestry land management) and Material Infrastructure (in processing the land is carried out with special treatments, such as making mounds, boiling and applying lime. This treatment is carried out because the condition of the land in Batu Nindan Village is including wetlands).Kearifan lokal adalah bentuk perilaku atau pola pikir dari masyarakat suatu daerah yang diterapkan di lingkungan tempat tinggalnya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengkaji kearifan lokal masyarakat dalam pengelolaan lahan agroforestri di Desa Batu Nindan. Metode penelitian ini adalah wawancara kepada responden kunci (seperti Kepala Desa, Tokoh Masyarakat, dan Petani Agroforestri) yang mengetahui informasi terkait dengan masalah yang diteliti ini tentang bentuk kearifan lokal masyarakat dalam mengelola lahan agroforestri. Metode wawancara yang digunakan ialah wawancara secara mendalam (Indept Interview) kepada responden kunci. Data-data yang didapatkan dalam penelitian diperoleh dari hasil observasi secara langsung di lapangan. Hasil dari penelitian ini terbagi menjadi tiga komponen yaitu Supesrtruktur Ideologis (Struktur Sosial (tidak adanya kelembagaan secara adat yang berkaitan dengan pengelolaan lahan agroforestri) dan Infrastruktur Material (dalam pengolahan lahannya dilakukan dengan perlakuan khusus, seperti pembuatan guludan tanah, pendangiran dan pemberian kapur. Perlakuan tersebut dilakukan karena kondisi lahan di Desa Batu Nindan termasuk lahan basah).
ANALISIS PENGENDALIAN MUTU TIKAR LAMPIT ROTAN (RATTAN CARPET) MENGGUNAKAN SNI 12-0677-2002 DI PT SARIKAYA SEGA UTAMA BANJARBARU KALIMANTAN SELATAN
Authors: Haufifatih Adri , Abidin Zainal , Hamidah Siti
Published: December 2023

Rattan carpet produced by PT Sarikaya Sega Utama have not yet used the SNI 12-0677-2002 standard.This study aims to analyze the quality of rattan carpet using general and special parameter requirements that have been regulated in SNI 12-0677-2002 and the results of these tests are analyze for product quality control using a cause and effect diagram/fishbone diagram. The test result for 11 parameters of general requirements measured using a tool obtain 54% fulfilled according to SNI with details of 6 of 11 parameters fulfilled, namely thickness, width and distance of hijiran holes, witdh of tulang walut, thickness of watun and water content. The results of testing the parameters of general requirements observed visually obtained 50% fulfilled according to SNI with details 2 of 4 parameters fulfilled, namely eveness and type of yarn. The results of testing the special requirements measured using tools and observed visually obtained 33,3% fulfilled according to SNI with details 1 of 3 parameters being met, namely the natural color of the upper surface of the lampit. Based on SNI 12-0677-2002 the production of rattan carpet at PT Sarikaya Sega Utama is not yet in a controlled state because all the reference parameters that have been regulated in SNI 12-0677-2002 have not been fulfilled. The cause of the failure is caused by human error, machine (equipment) and material (raw materials).Tikar lampit rotan yang di produksi oleh PT Sarikaya Sega Utama sampai saat ini belum menggunakan standar SNI 12-0677-2022. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kualitas tikar lampit menggunakan parameter persyaratan umum dan khusus yang telah diatur di dalam  SNI 12-0677-2002 dan hasil pengujian tersebut di analisis pengendalian mutu produk  menggunakan diagram sebab akibat/tulang ikan. Hasil pengujian 11 parameter persyaratan umum yang diukur menggunakan alat didapatkan hasil 54% sesuai SNI dengan rincisan 6 dari 11 parameter terpenuhi yaitu tebal, lebar dan jarak lubang hijiran, lebar tulang walut, tebal watun serta kadar air. Hasil pengujian  parameter persyaratan umum yang diamati secara visual didapatkan hasil 50% sesuai SNI dengan rincisan 2 dari 4 parameter terpenuhi yaitu kerataan dan jenis benang. Hasil pengujian persyaratan khusus yang diukur menggunakan alat dan diamati secara visual didapatkan hasil 33,3% sesuai SNI dengan rincisan 1 dari 3 parameter terpenuhi yaitu warna alami permukaan atas lampit. Berdasarkan SNI 12-0677-2002 produksi tikar lampit rotan di PT Sarikaya Sega Utama belum di dalam keadaan terkendali sebab belum terpenuhinya ke seluruh parameter acuan yang telah diatur di dalam SNI 12-0677-2002. Penyebab dari kegagalan tersebut disebabkan oleh faktor kesalahan manusia (human error), mesin (alat) dan material (bahan baku).
IDENTIFIKASI KERUSAKAN BIBIT KAPUK RANDU (Ceiba petandra) DI PERSEMAIAN CEMPAKA KALIMANTAN SELATAN
Authors: Muhlisah Muhlisah , Susilawati Susilawati , Fitriani Adistina
Published: December 2023

Identification of damage to kapok (Ceiba petandra) seeds in Cempaka Nursey South Kalimantan, this research aims to identify damage to kapok seedlings and calculate the percentage of damage to kapok seedlings. The formula used to calculate the percentage of damage form Abadi (2003). The results of the research on the analysis of the causes of the most dominant cause of damage were found namely pests and diseases by 93.2%. The cause of damage to the seedlings is indicated by yellow spots on the leaves due to disease and holes in the leaves due to insect bites. Pests found during the observation were green grasshoppers, wood grasshoppers, ladybugs, red cotton bug, snails, bagworms and silk moth caterpillars. The number of pests found during field observations was caused by the large number of weeds around the beds and in the seed beds. Diseases found in observation were yellow spots or leaf discoloration as many as 679 seedlings; this leaf color change was caused by erratic weather, lack of nutrients obtained by seeds. Other types of damage namely cancer, gummosis and dead shoots in seedlings have symptoms of necrosis which can kill cells in the seeds the shoots and cut off the shoots of the seedlingsIdentifikasi kerusakan bibit kapuk randu (Ceiba petandra) di Persemaian Cempaka Kalimantan Selatan, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kerusakan pada bibit kapuk randu (Ceiba petandra) dan menghitung persentase kerusakan pada bibit kapuk randu. Rumus yang digunakan untuk menghitung persentase kerusakan dari Abadi (2003). Hasil penelitian tentang analisis penyebab kerusakan yang paling dominan ditemukan yaitu serangan hama dan penyakit sebesar 93,2%. Penyebab kerusakan pada bibit ditandai adanya bercak kuning pada daun akibat penyakit dan daun berlubang akibat gigitan serangga. Hama yang ditemukan saat pengamatan yaitu belalang hijau, belalang kayu, kepik, bapak pucung, siput, ulat kantong dan ulat ngengat sutra. Banyaknya hama yang ditemukan saat pengamatan di lapangan diakibatkan oleh banyaknya tumbuhan gulma disekitar bedeng dan di dalam bedeng bibit. Penyakit yang ditemukan pada pengamatan yaitu terdapat bercak kuning atau perubahan warna daun sebanyak 679 bibit, perubahan warna daun ini diakibatkan oleh cuaca yang tidak menentu, kurangnya unsur hara yang didapatkan bibit. Tipe kerusakan lain yaitu kanker, gumosis dan pucuk mati pada bibit terdapat gejala nekrosis yang dapat mematikan sel pada bagian bibit yang menjalar kepucuk dan memetikan bagain pucuk bibit.
ANALISIS KESESUAIAN LAHAN JENIS POHON SENGON (Paraserianthes falcataria L. Nielsen), AMPUPU (Eucalyptus grandis) DAN SUNGKAI (Peronema canescens Jack) PADA LAHAN KRITIS DI KHDTK MANDIANGIN
Authors: Talenta Joan Gabriel , Yamani Ahmad , Peran Setia Budi
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this study was to analyze the level of land suitability for sengon tree species (Paraserianthes falcataria L. Nielsen), Ampupu (Eucalyptus grandis) and Sungkai (Peronema canescens Jack) tree species at KHDTK ULM Mandiangin. The determination of the observation point is carried out by the purposive sampling method by deliberately choosing a retrieval point that represents and access is easily accessible to obtain the physical and chemical properties of the soil. The results obtained from this study are that sengon plants have an actual land suitability level of S2sr (quite in accordance) with the limiting factor of the terrain (s) and Root condition (r). After efforts were made to improve the actual land suitability level increased to S2r (quite appropriate) with the rock outcrop limiting factor. In Ampupu plants have an actual land suitability level of S2wrs (quite appropriate) with limiting factors water availability (w), terrain (s) and root conditions (r). After efforts were made to improve the actual land suitability level increased to S2ws (quite appropriate) with the limiting factor of rock outcrops and dry moons.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis tingkat kesesuaian lahan untuk jenis tanaman Sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria L. Nielsen), Ampupu (Eucalyptus grandis) dan Sungkai (Peronema canescens Jack) di KHDTK ULM Mandiangin. Penentuan titik pengambilan sampel tanah dilakukan dengan metode purposive sampling, dengan harapan sampel tanah yang diambil bisa mewakili areal di lokasi penelitian dan selanjutnya sampel tanah tersebut dianalisis beberapa sifat fisik dan kimianya yang diperlukan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pada tanaman sengon memiliki tingkat kesesuaian lahan actual S2sr (cukup sesuai) dengan faktor pembatas medan (s) dan kondisi perakaran. Kemudian setelah dilakukan upaya perbaikan tingkat kesesuaian lahan aktual meningkat menjadi S2r (cukup sesuai) dengan faktor pembatas singkapan batuan. Pada tanaman Ampupu memiliki tingkat kesesuaian lahan aktual S2wrs (cukup sesuai) dengan faktor pembatas ketersediaan air (w), medan (s) dan kondisi perakaran (r). Setelah dilakukan upaya perbaikan tingkat kesesuaian lahan aktual meningkat menjadi S2ws (cukup sesuai) dengan faktor pembatas singkapan batuan dan bulan kering. Sedangkan pada tanaman sungkai memiliki tingkat kesesuaian lahan aktual S2wrs (cukup sesuai) dengan (w) faktor pembatas ketersediaan air, medan (s) dan kondisi perakaran (r). Setelah dilakukan upaya perbaikan tingkat kesesuaian lahan aktual meningkat menjadi S2ws (cukup sesuai) dengan faktor pembatas singkapan batuan dan bulan kering.
PULPING SODA DENGAN PERLAKUAN VARIASI LAMA WAKTU PEMASAKAN DAN BERBAGAI KONSENTRASI KAOLIN TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK KERTAS PELEPAH PISANG KEPOK (Musa paradisiaca)
Authors: Aminullah Muhammad Nur , Sutiya Budi , Kurdiansyah Kurdiansyah
Published: December 2023

Research tokprocess banana midrib waste so that it can be reused is carried out by processing banana midrib into pulp and paper. The pulp processing is carried out chemically using the pulping soda method using a cooking solution in the form of NaOH with a concentration of 10%. This study aims to analyze the effect of cooking time and various additions of kaolin fillers on the mechanical properties of banana kepok (Musa paradisiaca) midrib paper. The results obtained from pulping related to the yield test with a long cooking time of 1 hour; 1.5 hours; and 2 hours obtained an average yield of 20.97%, 24.56%, and 24.92% respectively. The results of the paper mechanical test were the highest average tearing index which was 18.84 mN m2/g, the highest average bursting index which was 2.57 kPa m2/g, and the highest average tensile index which was 11.67 N m/g.Penelitian untuk mengolah limbah pelepah pisang agar dapat dimanfaatkan kembali dilakukan dengan mengolah pelepah pisang menjadi puIp dan kertas. Proses pengolahan pulp dilakukan secara kimia dengan metode pulping soda dengan menggunakan larutan pemasak berupa NaOH dengan konsentrasi 10%. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh lama waktu pemasakan dan berbagai penambahan bahan pengisi kaolin terhadap sifat mekanik kertas pelepah pisang kepok (Musa paradisiaca). Hasil yang diperoleh dari pembuatan pulp terkait uji rendemen dengan perlakuan lama waktu pemasakan 1 jam; 1,5 jam; dan 2 jam didapatkan rerata rendemen secara berturut sebesar 20,97%, 24,56% dan 24,92%. Hasil uji mekanik kertas berupa rerata indeks sobek tertinggi sebesar 18,84 mN m2/g, rerata indeks jebol / retak tertinggi sebesar 2,57 kPa m2/g, dan rerata indeks tarik tertinggi sebesar 11,67 N m/g. Perlakuan uji karakteristik mekanik kertas yang paling optimal terdapat pada perlakuan Iama pemasakan 1ljam dengan tanpa penambahan kaolin
PROSES PEMBUATAN PULPING SODA DARI PANDAN RASAU (Pandanus helicopus) BERDASAKAN VARIASI LAMA WAKTU PEMASAKAN
Authors: Oktafianty Vina , Istikowati Wiwin Tyas , Abidin Zainal
Published: December 2023

The rate of population growth causes the need for paper to increase, therefore an effort is needed to find alternative raw materials, especially those that are cheap and environmentally sound. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of cooking time for pandan rasau pulp using the soda process and the addition of kaolin as a filler to pandan rasau paper and to determine the optimal length of time and addition of kaolin. The results obtained are related to the yield test at 1 hour of cooking time; 1.5 hours; and 2 hours the average yield increased by 20.06%, 27.44% and 29.42%. The physical test results of the paper showed the highest average tear index of 7.76 mN m2/g and the highest average tear index of 0.80 kPa m2/g. The most optimal cooking time and the addition of kaolin was found in the 2 hour cooking time with the addition of 3% kaolinLaju pertumbuhan penduduk menyebabkan kebutuhan kertas meningkat, Maka dari itu dilakukan suatu upaya untuk mencari bahan baku alternatif terutama yang murah dan ramah lingkungan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu menganalisis pengaruh lama pemasakan pulp pandan rasau menggunakan proses soda dan penambahan kaolin sebagai filler pada kertas dari pandan rasau serta menentukan lama waktu dan penambahan kaolin yang paling optimal. Hasil yang diperoleh terkait uji rendemen pada lama pemasakan 1 jam; 1,5 jam; dan 2 jam didapat rerata rendemen meningkat sebesar 20,06%, 27,44%, dan 29,42%. Hasil uji fisik kertas berupa rerata indeks sobek tertinggi sebesar 7,76 mN m2/g dan rerata indeks jebol / retak tertinggi sebesar 0,80 kPa m2/g. Perlakuan lama waktu pemasakan dan penambahan kaolin paling optimal terdapat pada perlakuan lama waktu pemasakan 2 jam dengan penambahan kaolin 3%.
KINERJA EKOWISATA BERKELANJUTAN DI EKOWISATA SWARGALOKA KECAMATAN HAUR GADING KABUPATEN HULU SUNGAI UTARA KALIMANTAN SELATAN
Authors: Hidayati Siti Aisyah , Helmi Muhammad , Kissinger Kissinger
Published: December 2023

Research with the analyze the performance of ecotourism towards sustainable ecotourism in Swargaloka Ecotourism. The benefit of this research is to provide information to the community and agencies related to the sustainable performance of ecotourism in Swargaloka Ecotourism so that is expected the ecosystem is well maintained, natural resources are utilized continuously in order to prosper the community. This study used a survey method through the distribution of questionnaires on a likert scale. Respondents to this study consisted of local communities and farmers, community leaders, and ecotourism business actors. The data was analyzed using PLS-SEM analysis techniques, with Smart-PLS4 software. The results obtained from this study are that after the PLS-SEM test, the performance of ecotourism has a significant effect on sustainable ecotourism by showing the value of T-Value 39.025 and P-Value < 0.0001 The performance of ecotourism is further improved on conservation variables such as preserving nature, services such as improving decent facilities for visitors, economic and infrastructure development such as holding training and increasing the number of tour guides and controlling  such as making village-level regulations, the variable of sustainable ecotourism is also increasing by paying attention to the well-maintained environment, welfare of the social condition of the community, and sources of economic income of the communityPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kinerja ekowisata terhadap ekowisata yang berkelanjutan di Ekowisata Swargaloka. Manfaat penelitian adalah memberikan informasi kepada masyarakat dan instansi terkait kinerja ekowisata yang berkelanjutan pada Ekowisata Swargaloka sehingga diharapkan ekosistem terjaga dengan baik, sumberdaya alam dimanfaatkan secara terus menerus agar dapat mensejahterakan masyarakat. Metode survey digunakan pada penelitian ini dengan cara menyebarkan kuisioner dengan skala likert. Responden pada penelitian ini terdiri dari masyarakat dan petani lokal, tokoh masyarakat, dan pelaku usaha ekowisata. Menganalisis data dengan teknik analisis PLS, bentuk sofware Smart-PLS4. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini yaitu setelah dilakukan uji PLS-SEM kinerja ekowisata berpengaruh signifikan terhadap ekowisata berkelanjutan dengan ditunjukkan nilai dari T-Value 39,025 dan P-Value < 0,0001.Semakin ditingkatkan kinerja ekowisata pada variabel konservasi seperti menjaga kelestarian alam, layanan seperti  meningkatkan fasilitas yang layak terhadap pengunjung, pembangunan ekonomi dan infrastruktur seperti mengadakan pelatihan dan menambah jumlah tour guide dan pengendalian seperti membuat peraturan tingkat desa maka semakin meningkat juga variabel ekowisata berkelanjutan dengan memperhatikan lingkungan  terjaga baik, mensejahterakan keadaan sosial masyarakat, dan sumber pendapatan ekonomi masyarakat.
THE EFFECT OF AXIAL AND RADIAL DIRECTIONS ON THE EXTRACTIVE CONTENT OF LONTAR (BORASSUS FLABBELLIFER) STEM FROM WONRELI VILLAGE
Authors: Rupidara Hanny R , Siruru Herman , Tan Lieke
Published: December 2023

Community interest in timber forest products is still high, but log production is decreasing. This can be circumvented by using non-timber forest products, but it is necessary to test the extractive content first so that the utilization is maximized. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the axial and radial directions on the extractive content of lontar (Borassus flabbellifer) stem. Extractive content testing was preceded by making particles from lontar stems. Then the lontar stem particles were dried and powdered with a size of 40 mesh and retained at 60 mesh. The content of cold water-soluble extractives was analyzed using the TAPPI T 207 om-88 standard, the hot water-soluble extractives content using the TAPPI T 264 om-88 standard and the ethanol-benzene soluble extractives content using TAPPI T 257 cm-85. The results showed that the levels of cold-water soluble extractives ranged from 1.426 - 8.159%, hot water-soluble extractives 1.854 - 10.07% and ethanol-benzene soluble extractives 1.97% - 10.11%. The correlation between hot water-soluble extractives and cold-water soluble extractives is 0.8390 and 0.6325 for ethanol-benzene soluble extractives, while the correlation between cold water-soluble extractives and ethanol-benzene soluble extractives is 0.2954
The Role of International Organizations in Shaping the Educational Policy for Higher Education and the First Historically Identified Evaluation Efforts of the Greek Academy of Somatic Education, in the 20th Century
Authors: Lamprou Chris , Foteinos Dimitrios , Nomikos Nikitas , Terzi Kondylo
Published: December 2023

This paper focuses on the presentation of data which are related on the one hand to the role of International Organizations in shaping the educational policy for Higher Education (with an emphasis on Physical Education and Sports Sciences) and on the other hand to the first historically identified efforts to evaluate a higher education institution of Physical Education and Sports Sciences in Greece. Official texts and reports of International Organizations such as International Council on Health, Physical Education and Recreation, United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, and Council of Europe were studied for the period 1950-1970, according to which their important role and influence in the shaping of educational policy both in Greece and in many other countries was revealed. Regarding the formulation of the educational policy for Higher Education in Greece, the results of the research demonstrate the role that International Organizations played in the initial evaluation efforts concerning the National Academy of Somatic Education which was the only public tertiary education institution for Physical Education and Sports Sciences in Greece at the time and which subsequently was upgraded into the School of Physical Education and Sports Sciences in the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens.
An Overview of the Stress-Energy-Momentum Tensor
Authors: Sapkota Santosh Ballav
Published: December 2023

In this article, we review some of the key results concerning the stress-energy-momentum tensor in general theory of relativty. First, we derive Einstein's field equation using analytic approach. Then, we discuss different properties of stress-energy-momentum tensor for physical and scalar fields.
Spatial Distribution and Migration of Heavy Metals in Dry and Windy Area Polluted by Their Production in the North China
Authors: Bao Weimin , Wan Weifan , Sun Zhi , Hong Mei , Li Haigang
Published: December 2023

The migration paths and distribution driving factors of heavy metals in dry and windy area polluted by their production in the North China need a further research. To address this research gap, we collected 675 soil samples, 72 atmospheric deposition samples and 20 water samples around a production area and measured its heavy metal concentrations. Results showed that the Cu, Zn, As and Pb in 0-10 cm soil layer showed a fan-shaped distribution, which was consistent with their atmospheric deposition fluxes. It indicated the distribution patterns of these heavy metals were driven by strong winds in studied area. Although Cr concentrated to the production area in the 0-10 cm soil layer, principal component analysis showed that this migration was through wind as well. The concentration of Cd in the river increased from 0.257 mg/L to 0.460 mg/L along water flowing, and caused the same distribution trend in soil near the river from upstream to downstream. Unlike the above, surface runoff should drive the Cd migration. The concentration of Pb in the river was over threshold of pollution, and also led to an accumulation in the 5-10 cm soil layer. It suggested that the migration of Pb was through both wind and surface runoff. Six studied heavy metals showed different migration behaviors, and specific control strategies for individual heavy metal should be concerned.
Analysis of LncRNA and mRNA Expression Profiles in Skin Tissues of Super Merino Sheep and Small-Tailed Han Sheep
Authors: Fu Jiaqi , Hao Anqi , Zhang Xinyu , Wang Dan , Liu Wenqing , Zhang Caihong , Zhao Dazhuo , Zhao Zhongli , Zhang Lichun , Sun Fuliang
Published: December 2023

Wool quality and yield are important economic traits of livestock. In this study, the skin tissues of the upper scapula of Super Merino sheep (SM) and Small-Tailed Han sheep (STH) during the growing period were studied. Differentially expressed (DE) long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and messenger RNAs (mRNA) were identified via histopathological observation and high-throughput RNA sequencing. Gene ontology (GO) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) were used to analyze differentially expressed genes. Reverse transcription quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to verify nine selected DE lncRNAs and five DE mRNAs. Significant differences were found in the expression levels of LOC114113396 (KRTAP15-1), CRABP1, KRT10, KRTAP1-3, KRTAP4.3, KRT2, FGF1, IGF-1, and KIT in SM and STH skin tissues. These results indicate that these mRNAs may play an important role in the growth and development of hair follicles and the regulation of hair fiber traits. Differentially expressed lncRNA target genes and mRNAs were mainly enriched in biological processes and pathways related to skin development and fiber traits, which is consistent with previous studies. LncRNA MSTRG.9225.1, MSTRG.124320.1, MSTRG.96951.1, MSTRG.91685.1, MSTRG.122229.1, MSTRG.89255.1, MSTRG.98769.1, and MSTRG.84658.1 may indirectly participate in the growth and development of sheep hair follicles and the regulation of hair fiber diameter by regulating the expression of their respective target genes. These candidate lncRNAs and mRNAs may provide a basis for the study of sheep hair follicle growth and development and hair fiber traits.
Gold Nanoparticle Based Colorimetric Biosensing for Food Safety
Authors: Park Sang-Hyun , You Youngsang
Published: December 2023

Ensuring safe, high-quality food is an ongoing priority, yet consumers face heightened risk from foodborne pathogens due to extended supply chains and climate change in food industry. Nanomaterial-based assays are popular and have recently been developed to ensure food safety and high quality. This review discusses strategies for using nanomaterials in colorimetric biosensors. Localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) biosensors are commonly utilized for colorimetric biosensing. Several emerging technologies aimed at simple and rapid immunoassays for onsite applications have been introduced in the food industry. In the foreseeable future, field-friendly colorimetric biosensors could be adopted in food monitoring systems. The onsite and real-time detection of possible contaminants and biological substances in food and water is essential to ensure human health safety.
Space Robot Sensor Noise Amelioration Using Trajectory Shaping
Authors: Kuck Emily , Sands Timothy
Published: December 2023

Robots in space are necessarily extremely light and lack structural stiffness resulting in natural frequencies of resonance so low as to reside inside the attitude controller’s bandwidth. A variety of input trajectories can be used to drive a controller’s attempt to ameliorate the control-structural interactions where feedback is provided by low-quality, noisy sensors. Traditionally, step functions are used as the ideal input trajectory. However, step functions are not ideal in many applications, as they are discontinuous. Alternative input trajectories are explored in this manuscript and applied to an example system that includes a flexible appendage attached to a rigid main body. The main body is controlled by a reaction wheel. The equations of motion of the flexible appendage, rigid body, and reaction wheel are derived. A feedback controller is developed to account for the rigid body modes. Additional filters are added to compensate for the system’s flexible modes. Sinusoidal trajectories are autonomously generated to feed the controller. Whiplash compensation is additionally implemented for comparison. The control method without random errors with the smallest error is the sinusoidal trajectory method, which showed a 97.39% improvement when compared to the baseline response when step trajectories were commanded, while the sinusoidal method was inferior to traditional step trajectories when sensor noise and random errors were present.
Numerical and Experimental Study of Flutter in a Realistic Labyrinth Seal
Authors: Bermejo Oscar , Gallardo Juan Manuel , Sotillo Adrián , Benito Arnau Altuna , Alonso Roberto , Puente Andoni
Published: December 2023

Labyrinth seals are commonly used in turbomachinery in order to control leakage flows. Flutter is one of the most dangerous potential issues for them, leading to High Cycle Fatigue (HCF) life considerations or even mechanical failure. This phenomenon depends on the interaction between aerodynamics and structural dynamics; mainly due to the very high uncertainties regarding the details of the fluid flow through the component, it is very hard to predict accurately. In 2014, as part of the E-Break research project funded by the European Union (EU), an experimental campaign regarding the flutter behaviour of labyrinth seals was conducted at Centro de Tecnologias Aeronauticas (CTA). During this campaign, three realistic seals were tested at different rotational speeds, and the pressure ratio where the flutter onset appeared was determined. The test was reproduced using a linearized uncoupled structural-fluid methodology of analysis based on Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations, with results only in moderate agreement with experimental data. A procedure to adjust the CFD simulations to the steady flow measurements was developed. Once this method was applied, the matching between flutter predictions and the measured data improved, but still some discrepancies could be found. Finally, a set of simulations to retain the influence of the external cavities was run, what further improved the agreement with testing data.
The Multiple Roles of Temporal Collinearity in Hox Gene Clustering for Vertebrates, Invertebrates, Complete and Split Hox Clusters
Authors: Papageorgiou Spyros
Published: December 2023

Hox gene clusters are crucial in Embryogenesis. It was observed that some Hox genes are located in order along the telomeric to centromeric direction of the DNA sequence: Hox1, Hox2, Hox3…. These genes are expressed in the same order in the ontogenetic units of the Drosophila embryo along the Anterior-Posterior axis. The two entities (genome and embryo) differ significantly in linear size and in-between distance. This strange phenomenon was named Spatial Collinearity (SP). Later, it was observed that, particularly in the Vertebrates, a Temporal Collinearity (TC) coexists: first is Hox1 expressed, later Hox2 and even later Hox3,…,. According to a Biophysical Model (BM), pulling forces act at the anterior end of the cluster while a cluster fastening applies at the posterior end. Hox clusters are irreversibly elongated along the force direction. During Evolution, the elongated Hox clusters are broken at variable lengths thus split clusters may be created. An Empirical Rule was formulated distinguishing development due to a complete Hox cluster from development due to split Hox clusters. BM can ‘explain’ this Empirical Rule. In a spontaneous mutation where the cluster fastening is dismantled, a minimal pulling force can automatically shift the cluster inside the Hox activation domain. This cluster translocation can probably explain the absence of Temporal Collinearity in Drosophila.
Vastness of Tribology and its Contribution for a Sustainable Development
Authors: Ciulli Enrico
Published: December 2023

Tribology is related to all studies on friction, wear and lubrication. One of the main aims of these studies is a reduction in friction and wear. Tribology is extremely vast, being also multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary. Therefore, it is very difficult to organize the several tribology subjects in an unique way and different classifications have been proposed by different authors. In this work, the several subjects treated by tribology are reviewed and organized in six branches: Fundamental Tribology, Tribology of Materials and Lubricants, Micro and Nanotribology, Industrial Tribology, Biotribology and New Frontiers of Tribology. The main subjects treated by the six branches are briefly reviewed in the paper in order to highlight the vastness of tribology and its important contribution to sustainability. Particularly friction and wear reductions are strictly related to greater efficiency and material saving, which mean less energy losses and material wastes, less pollution and therefore a more sustainable life according to the Sustainable Development Goals. The connections among the latter and the several different tribological subjects are discussed.
Enhanced Photodiodes with Coupled Organic-Inorganic Nanostructures Utilizing double Heterostructure ligands versus Single Ligand
Authors: Abdalbaqi Shaimaa
Published: December 2023

The influence of the ligands in coupled organic-inorganic nanostructures (COINs) on the performance of optoelectronic devices is investigated. We fabricated photodiodes based on pentacene and PbS nanocrystals coupled to organic ligands like 1,2-ethanedithiol (EDT) and tetrabutylammonium iodide (TBAI) and a combination of both, EDT and TBAI, as a heterostructure. These ligands were first separately used to fabricate single ligand-type of organic-inorganic devices and later compared with a heterostructure of PbS-EDT and PbS-TBAI. To tune the optical energy gap of COINs to align with the triplet level of pentacene, it was necessary to choose a suitable particle size. For this purpose, ultraviolet photo-emission spectroscopy (UPS) was used to determine the energy of the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and the work function of COINs, while the energy of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) of COINs was estimated subsequently by adding the exciton binding energy and the optical band gap to the measured HOMO energy. Devices with heterostructure COINs achieve a higher short circuit current than COINs with a single type of the ligands. Finally, even if the requirements of proper energy level alignment are satisfied, the photodiodes' performance was affected by the morphology of COINs. This finding has been demonstrated by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Incident photon to current efficiency (IPCE) shows a shift for the excitonic absorption peaks in the visible range at opposite applied voltages. The IPCE signal for the double heterostructure device is higher than the single type device.
Machine Learning Driven Dashboard for Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Prediction using Protein Sequences
Authors: Ahmad Waqar , Iqbal Mudasar , Amin Muhammad Awais , Bangyal Waqas Haider , Shahzad Abdul Raheem
Published: December 2023

In Southeast Asia, the incidence of Leukemia, a malignant blood cancer originating from hema-topoietic progenitor cells, is on the rise, marked by a concerning 54% mortality rate. This study focuses on enhancing early-stage prediction to improve patient recovery prospects significantly. Leveraging Machine Learning and Data Science, we employ protein sequential data from frequently mutated genes such as BCL2, HSP90, PARP, and RB to predict Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML). Our approach relies on robust feature extraction techniques, namely Di-peptide Composition (DPC), Amino Acid Composition (AAC), and Pseudo amino acid composition (Pse-AAC), with prior attention to addressing outliers and validating feature selection through the Pearson Corre-lation Coefficient. Data augmentation ensures a well-rounded dataset for analysis. Employing a range of Machine Learning models, including Support Vector Machine (SVM), XGBoost, Random Forest (RF), K Nearest Neighbor (KNN), Decision Tree (DT), and Logistic Regression (LR), we achieve accuracy rates spanning from 66% to 94%. These classifiers undergo comprehensive as-sessment using performance metrics such as accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, F1-score, and the confusion matrix. Our proposed solution, encompassing a user-friendly web application dashboard, presents an invaluable tool for early CML diagnosis with profound implications for practitioners, offering a deploy-able asset within healthcare institutions and hospitals.
Ethical Aspect for Public Officers
Authors: M.A.FAKRON MALIK
Published: December 2023

Ethics values for public officers are important for enhancing cultural ethical levels and keeping society free from low-level barbarian ethical values. Barbarian ethics values are reflected in animal behavior, as in some countries security agencies, and a culture based on strength is dominant, especially in political and military parties. This study gave insight into the change in security agency duties from fighting criminal activities to managing criminal activities. Keeping high-level ethical values is essential for enhancing the behavior of public officers and stakeholders in any official institution at a standard level. This study provides stakeholders with a clear vision of the different defects in public institutions and how to improve and avoid negative ethical issues. By identifying all aspects of public officers and deviations from ideal ethical values for public officers,the negative ethical values in security agency officers have been noticed for a long time due to feelings of injustice or unfairness in native citizens of any country, generating mafia-based institutions instead of police departments or security agencies in any country.
Investigation of Inter- and Intra-Chain Interactions in Mixtures of Long-Chain Hydrocarbons with Relations to Plant Cuticular Waxes: Using n-Nonadecane and 1-Octadecanol Mixer as examples
Authors: Guo Wentao , Xing Yi , Su Wei , Hou Changjiang , Li Guotao
Published: December 2023

This paper described a crystallization procedure of the “1-Octadecanol/n-Nonadecane” binary system, an accurate description of the phase change process and the associated analysis of the cooling and melting of this binary system between 20 and 70 degrees Celsius. The introduction section mainly describes the scientific background and principle of plant cuticle wax layer and the former studies on the crystallization of n-Alkanes and n-Alkanols. The experiment part introduces the experimental chemicals, instruments and specific experimental operating procedures required for the preparation of the “1-Octadecanol/n-Nonadecane” binary system. In the following sections, the thermal properties of this binary system are studied. According to the DSC diagram, phase diagrams and absorption spectrum, the specific phase transition and enthalpy of each phase transition were studied. The cooling and heating phase diagrams were plotted. The influence of the different compositions of these two chemicals was analyzed and discussed. The last part is the conclusion of this thesis, which summarizes the experimental research results of the complete text and points out the needed further research.
Novel Nanostructured Pd/Co‐Alumina Materials for the Catalytic Oxidation of Atmospheric Pollutants
Authors: Iliopoulou Eleni F. , Pachatouridou Eleni , Lappas Angelos A.
Published: December 2023

Cobalt-doped alumina catalysts were prepared by different methods, applying either the conventional wet impregnation (WI) and/or the advanced spray impregnation (SI), and evaluated as novel oxidation catalysts for CO and MeOH oxidation. The spray impregnation technique aims towards the synthesis of core-shell catalytic nanostructures to secure chemical/thermal stability of the active sites on the catalyst carrier. The catalysts were further promoted with low Pd content (0.5 wt.%) applying either incipient wetness impregnation (DI) or spray impregnation. The results revealed the superior performance of spray impregnated catalysts (Co/γ-Al2O3-SI) for both reactions. The deposition of Co oxide on the outer surface of the alumina particle (SEM images) and the availability of the active Co phase, resulted in the enhancement of Co/γ-Al2O3 catalysts oxidation activity. Pd incorporation increased catalysts reducibility (TPR-H2) and improved the catalysts performance for both reactions. However, Pd incorporation method affected the catalytic performance; as with the SI method the active phase of Co3O4 was probably covered from PdO and was not available for the oxidation reactions. On the contrary, the incorporation of Pd with the DI method resulted in better dispersion of PdO all over the Co/Al catalyst surface, maintaining available Co active sites and better Pd-Co interaction. MeOH desorption studies revealed the methanol oxidation mechanism; Co/Al catalysts promote partial oxidation of MeOH to formaldehyde (HCHO) and dehydration to dimethyl ether (DME), while Pd-based Co/Al catalysts enhance the complete oxidation of methanol to CO2 and H2O.
NURSING TECHNOLOGY SUPPORTING FAMILY INVOLVEMENT IN CRITICALLY ILL PATIENTS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: Sumardi Sulistia Nur , Ismail Suhartini , Kaloeti Dian Veronika Sakti
Published: December 2023

Background: Family involvement in the care of critically ill patients positively impacts treatment outcomes and patient well-being. Nursing technology has become an essential tool in facilitating family engagement
 
Aims: This study aims to conduct a systematic review of nursing technology that supports family involvement in critically ill patients.
Methods: This article utilized a systematic review method. Articles were assessed using the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist. The instruments were the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for Randomized Controlled Trials and the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for Cohort Studies. Literature from the past five years was obtained from four databases: Science Direct, Scopus, Springer Link, and ProQuest.
Results: Out of 148 articles, 15 were analyzed. Various technologies (such as web-based platforms, tablets, SMS tools, and video conferencing) were used to provide information, enhance decision-making, and provide virtual access to family conferences. Although interventions varied, "Information sharing" and "Activation and participation" were most commonly implemented in the family involvement model. In studies that discussed the components of family involvement more comprehensively, interventions allowed for information adjustment through two-way communication and active family participation in the decision-making process.
Conclusion: Based on the findings of this systematic review, it can be concluded that nursing technology has great potential in supporting family involvement in critically ill patients. This technology can significantly improve family well-being, communication, and decision-making. Further research can focus on a deeper understanding of the emotional impact experienced by families of critically ill patients due to the use of technology.
Antibacterial Activity of Streptococcus mutans from Saga Herbaceous Plant (Abrus precatorius): In Silico Study
Authors: Mardianingrum Richa , Suganda Neta Ekayanti , Endah Srie Rezeki Nur , Ruswanto Ruswanto
Published: December 2023

Antibacterial is a substance that can inhibit growth or can even kill bacteria that cause infection. One of them is infection with Streptococcus mutans bacteria that cause damage to teeth, such as dental caries. Dental caries is a disease that affects many adults and children, permanently damaging the tooth layer and forming small holes in the teeth. The purpose of this study was to find active compounds from the herb Saga plant (Abrus precatorius), which has the potential to be antibacterial of S. mutans in silico. The methods used are pharmacokinetics and toxicity screening, Lipinski's Rule of Five, as well as simulations of molecular docking and molecular dynamics. The Abruquinone D (-6.43) and Abruquinone F (-7.08) were predicted to have stable interactions and be similar to amoxicillin (-7.69) and native ligand (-8.56 kcal/mol) based on the results of screening and molecular docking simulations of active compounds from Saga herbaceous (Abrus precatorius) against deoxycytidylate deaminase receptors. Molecular dynamics findings confirmed by MMGBSA methods that Abruquinone D (-41.3876 kcal/mol) had a lower energy value than Abruquinone F (-24.8521 kcal/mol). It can be inferred that Abruquinone D has a higher potential as an antibiotic (S. mutans) than Abruquinone F.