bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ESFORÇO REPRODUTIVO DO CARANGUEJO-AMARELO, JOHNGARTHIA LAGOSTOMA (H. MILNE EDWARDS, 1837 (BRACHYURA, GECARCINIDAE), NA ILHA DA TRINDADE, BRASIL
Authors: Oliveira Maria Antônia Machado de , Domingues Esli Emanoel , Kriegler Nicholas , João Marcio Camargo Araújo , Pinheiro Marcelo Antonio Amaro
Published: November 2021

Introdução: O caranguejo-amarelo (Johngarthia lagostoma) é uma espécie endêmica de ilhas oceânicas do Atlântico Sul, com importância para a rede trófica. Sua restrita distribuição geográfica e a ameaça sofrida por espécies invasoras são motivos que categorizaram esta espécie como “Em Perigo (EN)”, segundo o ICMBio. A estimativa do potencial reprodutivo é essencial para embasar medidas de conservação de espécies ameaçadas, em especial para J. lagostoma nas ilhas brasileiras. Os estudos sobre esta espécie são escassos, todos restritos à Ilha de Ascensão, abordando aspectos de sua biologia, distribuição e reprodução. A estimativa de esforço reprodutivo, uma das variáveis utilizadas no potencial reprodutivo, retrata a proporção entre a energia direcionada à reprodução, analisando o percentual do peso total de ovos em relação ao peso da fêmea. Objetivo: No presente estudo, o esforço reprodutivo de J. lagostoma foi estimado para a Ilha da Trindade, Brasil. Material e Métodos: Um total de 44 fêmeas foi capturado manualmente entre dezembro/2019 e fevereiro/2020, sendo individualizadas em sacos plásticos e transportadas ao laboratório. Cada fêmea teve seu tamanho corpóreo (LC, largura cefalotorácica) medido com um paquímetro de precisão (0,05mm) e os pesos úmidos (PCOu, com ovos; e PSOu, sem ovos) registrados com balança de precisão (0,01 g). A subtração entre PCOu e PSOu gerou o peso úmido dos ovos (POu) de cada fêmea, com cálculo do esforço reprodutivo em porcentagem (ER), pela equação ER=(POu/PSOu)x100. Resultados: As fêmeas apresentaram tamanho variando de 50,4 a 100,1mm (75,2±13,1mm) com ER de 7,3% a 19,6% (10,7±2,0%). A relação ERxLC apresentou correlação negativa (r=-0,57; p<0,001), com diminuição do esforço reprodutivo com a elevação do tamanho. Contudo, a função potência gerada não obteve um bom ajuste (R²=0,32), apesar de significativa (p<0,05). O valor médio obtido para ER (10,7%) foi comparado com outros trabalhos, sendo próximo ao registrado para outros caranguejos da Família Gecarcinidae. Conclusão: Os modelos aqui gerados, juntamente com estudos futuros, poderão ampliar informações sobre a dinâmica reprodutiva de J. lagostoma, auxiliando o manejo desta espécie e de outras também ameaçadas de extinção.
La arquitectura, cuestión de dignidad
Authors: Irisarri Carlos J.
Published: November 2021

Hassan FathyTraducción: Cristina RamosArquitectura para los pobresEdiciones Asimétricas, 2021
Subjetividad autoritaria y democracia como horizonte emancipatorio ¿Es posible una democracia sin padres?
Authors: Asselborn Carlos Javier
Published: November 2021

The present research advance investigates the complex relationships between democracy, power, subject and subjectivity in unequal and dependent urban societies. We propose to think about the complex question around how social subjectivities related to domination, the desire for inequality and the forms of enjoyment based on self-destruction, the destruction of others and nature are born and are possible. In order to do this, we will inquire about the ways in which Western rationality has built a certain father figure as an archaic complex to sustain domination processes that still underlie formal capitalist democracies.
Realidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 158, 2021: 3-32.
Menedék Andersen földjén : A dániai magyar menekültközösség történetének kezdetei magyar levéltári források tükrében 1956-1961
Authors: Seres Attila
Published: November 2021

Az 1956. évi forradalom menekültjeinek befogadása révén 1957–1958 folyamán Dániában megizmosodó magyar diaszpóra történetére vonatkozóan nem rendelkezünk semmilyen történeti feldolgozással. A dániai magyar menekültközösség történetének vizsgálatát különösen érdekessé teszi az a tényező, hogy az Egyesült Nemzetek Szervezete (ENSZ) által 1957. január 17-én a magyar forradalom leverésének kivizsgálására megalakított különbizottság, az úgynevezett Ötös Bizottság európai delegált tagállama Dánia volt. Dánia 1956–1957 folyamán összesen 1400 egykori magyar állampolgárnak nyújtott menedéket. A magyar menekültek európai „szétosztásában” való részvétel, a hazájukból elűzöttek ellátásának megszervezése és mihamarabbi társadalmi integrációja az erőteljesen kommunistaellenes beállítottságú dán politikai elit – úgy a kormányzó szociáldemokraták, mint az ellenzéki konzervatívok – számára nemcsak humanitárius kérdésként, hanem (politikai) presztízskérdésként is tételeződött, annak ellenére, hogy az alapvetően befogadáspárti dán társadalom az 1955–1957. évi gazdasági krízishelyzet és az ezzel együtt járó társadalmi problémák és szociális feszültségek miatt meglehetősen ambivalens módon viszonyult a magyar menekültekhez.
Róma mindig győztes : Sólyom Márk: Festus: A római nép viselt dolgainak breviáriuma. Attraktor Kiadó, Máriabesnyő. 2020. 230 o.
Authors: Réfi Oszkó Dániel
Published: November 2021

Alig több mint egy év telt el azóta, hogy a magyar ókorkutatás – azon belül is a kései antikvitás korszaka – egy igen fontos forráskiadással lett gazdagabb. Tavaly év elején jelent meg ugyanis az Epitome de Caesaribus, magyar címén Rövid könyv az imperatorok életéről és erkölcseiről, Sólyom Márk kiváló fordításában (Attraktor Kiadó, Máriabesnyő, 2020). A szöveget kommentárral és kísérőtanulmánnyal is ellátó kutató azonban nem pihent sokáig a babérjain: még ősszel jelentkezett egy újabb hiánypótló késő ókori auktor magyarra átültetett változatával, illetve interpretációjával!
A EDUCAÇÃO MUSICAL NA INTERVENÇÃO PSICOPEDAGÓGICA DAS SÉRIES INICIAIS
Authors: Campos Adilce Maria Xavier de , Menegueti Andreia , Oliveira Astrogilda Silva de , Silva Crist Wilian de Moura Barbosa da , Barros Gercina Fabiana Santana , Silva Giselle Carolina de Lima e , Sena Jaqueline Miranda de , Paula Luana Xavier Gonçalves de , Machado Rosangela Cristina de Souza , Santos Uetes do Carmo
Published: November 2021

A aprendizagem encontra-se em foco de discussões psicopedagógicas, buscando-se melhoras formas de diagnóstico e de estratégias para se trabalhar junto aos alunos e professores no processo de ensino-aprendizagem. Neste contexto, se apresenta a educação musical para trabalhar a aprendizagem dos alunos da educação básica, embasando-se em uma forma de intervenção psicopedagógica no processo de ensino-aprendizagem. O objetivo geral deste estudo é discutir as potencialidades da educação musical no desenvolvimento da aprendizagem dos alunos da educação básica. Este estudo se qualifica como uma pesquisa bibliográfica. O desenvolvimento deste estudo se embasar na importância de se compreender as potencialidades da educação musical no processo de ensino-aprendizagem dos alunos em sala de aula. A educação musical não se restringe a formação de músicos, mas se constitui também como uma estratégia de ensino para promover a aprendizagem de diversos conhecimentos aos alunos das séries iniciais.
Parameter uncertainty dominates C-cycle forecast errors over most of Brazil for the 21st century
Authors: Smallman Thomas Luke , Milodowski David Thomas , Neto Eráclito Sousa , Koren Gerbrand , Ometto Jean , Williams Mathew
Published: November 2021

Abstract. Identification of terrestrial carbon (C) sources and sinks is critical for understanding the Earth system as well as mitigating and adapting to climate
change resulting from greenhouse gas emissions. Predicting whether a given location will act as a C source or sink using terrestrial ecosystem
models (TEMs) is challenging due to net flux being the difference between far larger, spatially and temporally variable fluxes with large
uncertainties. Uncertainty in projections of future dynamics, critical for policy evaluation, has been determined using multi-TEM intercomparisons,
for various emissions scenarios. This approach quantifies structural and forcing errors. However, the role of parameter error within models has not
been determined. TEMs typically have defined parameters for specific plant functional types generated from the literature. To ascertain the
importance of parameter error in forecasts, we present a Bayesian analysis that uses data on historical and current C cycling for Brazil to
parameterise five TEMs of varied complexity with a retrieval of model error covariance at 1∘ spatial resolution. After evaluation
against data from 2001–2017, the parameterised models are simulated to 2100 under four climate change scenarios spanning the likely range
of climate projections. Using multiple models, each with per pixel parameter ensembles, we partition forecast uncertainties. Parameter
uncertainty dominates across most of Brazil when simulating future stock changes in biomass C and dead organic matter (DOM). Uncertainty
of simulated biomass change is most strongly correlated with net primary productivity allocation to wood (NPPwood) and mean
residence time of wood (MRTwood). Uncertainty of simulated DOM change is most strongly correlated with MRTsoil and
NPPwood. Due to the coupling between these variables and C stock dynamics being bi-directional, we argue that using repeat
estimates of woody biomass will provide a valuable constraint needed to refine predictions of the future carbon cycle. Finally,
evaluation of our multi-model analysis shows that wood litter contributes substantially to fire emissions, necessitating a greater
understanding of wood litter C cycling than is typically considered in large-scale TEMs.
The relative importance of antecedent soil moisture and precipitation in flood generation in the middle and lower Yangtze River basin
Authors: Ye Sheng , Wang Jin , Ran Qihua , Chen Xiuxiu , Liu Lin
Published: November 2021

Abstract. Floods have caused severe environmental and social economic losses worldwide in human history, and are projected to exacerbate due to climate change. Many floods are caused by heavy rainfall with highly saturated soil, however, the relative importance of rainfall and antecedent soil moisture and how it changes from place to place has not been fully understood. Here we examined annual floods from more than 200 hydrological stations in the middle and lower Yangtze River basin. Our results indicate that the dominant factor of flood generation shifts from rainfall to antecedent soil moisture with the increase of watershed area. The ratio of the relative importance of antecedent soil moisture and daily rainfall (SPR) is positively correlated with topographic wetness index and has a negative correlation with the magnitude of annual floods. This linkage between watershed characteristics that are easy to measure and the dominant flood generation mechanism provides a quantitative method for flood control and early warnings in ungauged watersheds in the middle and lower Yangtze River basin.
Outcomes of the gastrocnemius flap performed by orthopaedic surgeons in salvage revision knee arthroplasty
Authors: McCulloch Robert Allan , Adlan Amirul , Evans Scott , Parry Michael , Stevenson Jonathan , Jeys Lee
Published: November 2021

Abstract. Introduction:
The gastrocnemius myofascial flap is used to manage soft-tissue defects over
the anterior aspect of the knee in the context of a patient presenting with
a sinus and periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) or extensor mechanism
failure. The aim of this study was twofold: firstly, to evaluate the
outcomes of gastrocnemius flaps performed by appropriately trained
orthopaedic surgeons in the context of PJI and, secondly, to evaluate the
infection-free survival of this patient group.
Patients and methods:
We retrospectively reviewed 30 patients who underwent gastrocnemius flap
reconstruction during staged revision total knee arthroplasty for prosthetic
joint infection (PJI). All flaps were performed by an orthopaedic surgeon
with orthoplastics training. Patients had a mean age of 68.9 years (range
50–84) and were followed up for a mean of 50.4 months (range 2–128 months).
A total of 29 patients (97 %) were categorized into Musculoskeletal Infection Society (MSIS) local extremity
grade 3 (greater than two compromising factors), and 52 % of PJIs were
polymicrobial. The primary outcome measure was flap failure, and the
secondary outcome measure was recurrent infection.
Results:
Flap survival was 100 % with no failures or early returns to theatre for
flap problems such as necrosis or haematoma. Overall infection-free survival
during the study period was 48 % (13 of 27 infected cases). Using
limb salvage as the outcome, 77 % (23 of 30 patients) retained the limb.
Infection recurrence occurred in 48 % (10 patients) in the type B3 cohort
and 67 % (4 patients) in the type C3 cohort (p=0.65).
Conclusions:
The surgical technique for a gastrocnemius myofascial flap is reliable and
reproducible when performed by appropriately trained orthopaedic surgeons,
even in high-risk groups. However, the risks of recurrent infection and
amputation remain high within our series due to poor host and extremity
factors.
Kinematics decoupling analysis of a hyper-redundant manipulator driven by cables
Authors: Zhang Lei , Ouyang Guangyao , Du Zhaocai
Published: November 2021

Abstract. The mapping relationship between the driving space and
the workspace is essential for the precise control of a cable-driven
hyper-redundant robot. For a hyper-redundant robot driven by cables, the
relationships between the driving space and the joint space and between the
joint space and the workspace were studied. A joint-decoupling kinematics
analysis method was proposed and a kinematic analysis was presented. Based
on the analysis of the coupling effect between the cable-driving space and the joint space, a decoupling analysis of the whole cable-driving space and
joint space was conducted to eliminate the coupling effect between the
joints, and the mapping relationship between the driving cables and the
joint angles was obtained. Given the initial and target orientations of the
hyper-redundant robot, the variation law for each joint angle was obtained
using quintic polynomial trajectory planning and the pseudo-inverse Jacobian
matrix, and then the driving cable variation law could be solved. Based on
the results, the joint angle changes and the workspace trajectories were
solved in turn. By comparing with the initial trajectory, the simulation
results verified the appropriateness of the decoupling analysis.
Miocene high elevation in the Central Alps
Authors: Krsnik Emilija , Methner Katharina , Campani Marion , Botsyun Svetlana , Mutz Sebastian G. , Ehlers Todd A. , Kempf Oliver , Fiebig Jens , Schlunegger Fritz , Mulch Andreas
Published: November 2021

Abstract. Reconstructing Oligocene–Miocene paleoelevation
contributes to our understanding of the evolutionary history of the European
Alps and sheds light on geodynamic and Earth surface processes involved in
the development of Alpine topography. Despite being one of the most
intensively explored mountain ranges worldwide, constraints on the elevation
history of the European Alps remain scarce. Here we present stable and
clumped isotope measurements to provide a new paleoelevation estimate for
the mid-Miocene (∼14.5 Ma) European Central Alps. We apply
stable isotope δ–δ paleoaltimetry to near-sea-level
pedogenic carbonate oxygen isotope (δ18O) records from the
Northern Alpine Foreland Basin (Swiss Molasse Basin) and high-Alpine
phyllosilicate hydrogen isotope (δD) records from the Simplon Fault
Zone (Swiss Alps). We further explore Miocene paleoclimate and
paleoenvironmental conditions in the Swiss Molasse Basin through carbonate
stable (δ18O, δ13C) and clumped (Δ47)
isotope data from three foreland basin sections in different alluvial
megafan settings (proximal, mid-fan, and distal). Combined pedogenic
carbonate δ18O values and Δ47 temperatures
(30±5 ∘C) yield a near-sea-level precipitation
δ18Ow value of -5.8±1.2 ‰ and, in
conjunction with the high-Alpine phyllosilicate δD value of -14.6±0.3 ‰, suggest that the region surrounding the
Simplon Fault Zone attained surface elevations of >4000 m no
later than the mid-Miocene. Our near-sea-level δ18Ow
estimate is supported by paleoclimate (iGCM ECHAM5-wiso) modeled δ18O values, which vary between −4.2 ‰ and −7.6 ‰ for
the Northern Alpine Foreland Basin.
The NICE OECD countries’ geographic search filters: Part 2—validation of the MEDLINE and Embase (Ovid) filters
Authors: Ayiku Lynda , Hudson Thomas , Williams Ceri , Levay Paul , Jacob Catherine
Published: November 2021

Objective: We previously developed draft MEDLINE and Embase (Ovid) geographic search filters for Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries to assess their feasibility for finding evidence about the countries. Here, we describe the validation of these search filters.Methods: We identified OECD country references from thirty National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidelines to generate gold standard sets for MEDLINE (n=2,065) and Embase (n=2,023). We validated the filters by calculating their recall against these sets. We then applied the filters to existing search strategies for three OECD-focused NICE guideline reviews (NG103 on flu vaccination, NG140 on abortion care, and NG146 on workplace health) to calculate the filters’ impact on the number needed to read (NNR) of the searches.Results: The filters both achieved 99.95% recall against the gold standard sets. Both filters achieved 100% recall for the three NICE guideline reviews. The MEDLINE filter reduced NNR from 256 to 232 for the NG103 review, from 38 to 27 for the NG140 review, and from 631 to 591 for the NG146 review. The Embase filter reduced NNR from 373 to 341 for the NG103 review, from 101 to 76 for the NG140 review, and from 989 to 925 for the NG146 review.Conclusion: The NICE OECD countries’ search filters are the first validated filters for the countries. They can save time for research topics about OECD countries by finding the majority of evidence about OECD countries while reducing search result volumes in comparison to no filter use.
The accuracy and completeness of drug information in Google snippet blocks
Authors: Nguyen Cambrey
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Consumers commonly use the Internet for immediate drug information. In 2014, Google introduced the snippet block to programmatically search available websites to answer a question entered into the search engine without the need for the user to enter any websites. This study compared the accuracy and completeness of drug information found in Google snippet blocks to US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) medication guides.Methods: Ten outpatient drugs were selected from the 2018 Clinical Drugstats Database Medical Expenditure Panel Survey. Six questions in the medication guide for each drug were entered into the Google search engine to find the snippet block. The accuracy and completeness of drug information in the Google snippet block were quantified by two different pharmacists using a scoring system of 1 (less than 25% accurate/complete information) to 5 (100% accurate/complete information). Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the scores.Results: For five out of the six questions, the information in the Google snippets had less than 50% accuracy and completeness compared to the medication guides. The average accuracy and completeness scores of the Google snippets were highest for “What are the ingredients of [the drug]?” with scores of 3.38 (51–75%) and 3.00 (51–75%), respectively. The question on “How to take [drug]?” had the lowest score with averages of 1.00 (<25%) for both accuracy and completeness.Conclusion: Google snippets provide inaccurate and incomplete drug information when compared to FDA-approved drug medication guides. This aspect may cause patient harm; therefore, it is imperative for health care and health information professionals to provide reliable drug resources to patients and consumers if written information may be needed.
Marketing and Social Media: A Guide for Libraries, Archives, and Museums
Authors: Haugh Dana
Published: November 2021

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Developing vehicular and non-vehicular trip generation models for mid-rise residential buildings in Kelowna, British Columbia: Assessing the impact of built environment, land use, and neighborhood characteristics
Authors: Orvin Muntahith , Ahmed Daryus , Fatmi Mahmudur , Lovegrove Gordon
Published: November 2021

This study develops vehicular and non-vehicular trip generation models for mid-rise, multi-family residential developments. A comparative analysis of observed and Instiutue of Transportation Engineers (ITE) trip rates suggests that ITE rates consistently overestimate. A latent segmentation-based negative binomial (LSNB) model is developed to improve the methodology for estimating vehicular and non-vehicular trips. One of the key features of an LSNB model is to capture heterogeneity. Segment allocation results for the vehicular and non-vehicular models suggest that one segment includes suburban developments, whereas the other includes urban developments. Results reveal that a higher number of dwelling units is likely to be associated with increased vehicle trips. For non-vehicular trips, a higher number of dwelling units and increased recreational opportunities are more likely to increase trip generation. The LSNB model confirms the existence of significant heterogeneity. For instance, higher land-use mix has a higher probability to deter vehicular trips in urban areas, whereas trips in the suburban areas are likely to continue increasing. Higher density of bus routes and sidewalks are likely to be associated with increased non-vehicular trips in urban areas, yet such trips are likely to decrease in suburban areas. An interesting finding is that higher bikeability in suburban areas is more likely to increase non-vehicular trips. The findings of this study are expected to assist engineers and planners to predict vehicular and non-vehicular trips with higher accuracy.
Metáforas conceptuales e imágenes sonoras de la crisis del euro
Authors: Martínez-Costa María Pilar , Colmenarejo Juan Pablo , Llamas Saíz Carmen
Published: November 2021

La radio es un medio que solo dispone del sonido y de la construcción de imágenes sonoras para elaborar sus mensajes. Lo hace desplegando una variedad de recursos lingüísticos, con alto poder evocador, tanto visual como conceptual, próximo a las representaciones de la vida cotidiana. Mediante la construcción de metáforas conceptuales, que permiten concretar nociones abstractas, la radio consigue explicar y mostrar la realidad. El objetivo de este trabajo es describir y caracterizar cómo la radio informó de la crisis del euro a través de la creación de imágenes sonoras. En concreto, se analiza la construcción de la metáfora conceptual la crisis es una enfermedad en la tertulia El equipo económico de La linterna de la Cadena COPE de mayo de 2010 a julio de 2012. La construcción de dicha metáfora conceptual y las imágenes sonoras asociadas estaban encaminadas a cumplir con la función informativa y pedagógica de la radio.
Disposable Menstrual Products as Law's Objects
Authors: Goldblatt Beth , Steele Linda
Published: November 2021

During the past few years, scholars and activists have increasingly engaged with law as a means to challenge stigma, silence, and disadvantages associated with menstruation. Menstrual items (predominantly in the form of disposable menstrual products) are becoming increasingly prominent in this “legal turn.” There have been legislative reforms to provide access to free menstrual items, litigation and legislative reforms to remove taxes on menstrual products, legislative reforms on product safety and environmental sustainability of menstrual items, and water and sanitation hygiene (‘WASH’) policies and guidelines in the context of international development interventions that focus on access to menstrual items.

As regulation of disposable menstrual products assumes greater prominence in legal doctrine, feminist legal scholars are increasingly evaluating the impacts of such laws on menstruators, including in the context of diverse experiences of menstruation and menstrual injustice. But what can disposable menstrual products themselves tell us of law? In this Essay we take an object-informed approach to law in the specific context of disposable menstrual products. What insights about law might these objects provide, and how do these insights deepen our understanding of law’s relationship to menstruation, menstruators, and the worlds in which menstruators are situated? What can we appreciate about law’s role in defining, as well as recognizing and responding to, the diversity of experiences related to menstruation? How do menstrual items nuance our understanding of agency in relation to menstrual injustice? And what do these objects tell us about the limits and challenges of using law to achieve justice in relation to the embodied experiences of people who menstruate?

Part II introduces some key contributions to feminist legal thinking on materiality and objects, which informs our analysis of disposable menstrual products as law’s objects. Part III introduces some of the critical threads in scholarship on disposable menstrual products, including how they relate to diversity and materiality of experiences of menstruation. Then, we turn in Part IV to explore what disposable menstrual products tell us about law’s role in menstruation, using the recent laws introduced in Scotland as a case study.
The Power of Blood: The Many Faces of Women's Monthly Menses in Jewish Law and Beyond
Authors: Laufer-Ukeles Pamela
Published: November 2021

Menstruation has many faces. This Essay will discuss competing narratives relating to menstruation as portrayed in Jewish law and culture, and assess the implications of such narratives for modern legal systems. These narratives depict menstruation in all its contradictions — as taboo and power, as health and imperfection, and as reflecting biological difference but not inequality. Each narrative will be discussed from a textual, legal, communal and, occasionally, personal perspective, conveying different meanings that have different cultural impacts, modern applications and reflect different aspects of the quest for equality.

Together, these narratives provide a holistic vision of womanhood that resists simplification. Acknowledging that not only women menstruate, in this Essay I refer to women as those who menstruate because this is the category associated with menstruation used in Jewish law and it is the complexity of womanhood revealed by Jewish law and culture that I address. These four faces of menstruation are not characterized as positive or negative in and of themselves; rather, I analyze them each on their own terms, discussing how they may impact women in both negative and positive ways. The variability of these narratives demonstrates the need for women to shape their own narratives around their bodies in order to empower themselves within their communities. Moreover, the multiplicity of faces that menstruation involves, and the different ways that femininity can therefore impact womanhood, counsels promoting menstrual justice in a variety of ways, and from a variety of perspectives, creatively empowering women by recognizing their individual complexity. In Jewish law, menstruation engenders impurity, authority, fertility, and biological difference, and each of these faces of womanhood will be discussed in turn.
Keynote
Authors: Roberts Dorothy
Published: November 2021

This piece is a written version of Professor Dorothy Roberts' keynote speech at the Columbia Journal of Race and Law's 11th annual symposium, titled Strengthened Bonds: Abolishing the Child Welfare System and Re-Envisioning Child Well-Being.
The White Supremacy Hydra
Authors: Mack Miriam
Published: November 2021

Fundamentally, the so-called “child welfare system”—more appropriately named, the family regulation system—is a policing system rooted in white supremacist ideologies and techniques. From its earliest iteration, the family regulation system has functioned to pathologize, control, and punish the families entrapped in its web, most especially Black families. Nevertheless, among many, the myth persists that the family regulation system is one of child protection and family support. This is especially true when discussing the Family First Prevention Services Act of 2018, which—for the first time since the establishment of the modern family regulation system—opens up federal funding streams previously reserved for the removal of children to the foster system to provide prevention services for families in which children have not yet been removed to the foster system. While the Act is a course change in federal family regulation policy, this Article traces how it leaves undisturbed the pathology, control, and punishment central to the policies that preceded it.
Brown, Rae Linda. 2020. The Heart of a Woman: The Life and Music of Florence B. Price. Champaign: University of Illinois Press.
Authors: Shepherd Lauren
Published: November 2021

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Approaches to Assess Market Power in the Online Networking Market
Authors: Cheng Shin-Ru
Published: November 2021

Facebook, the world’s largest online networking platform, is the subject of multiple antitrust investigations by various state and federal regulators. Yet scholars and practitioners remain divided on how to measure Facebook’s market power. Some argue that conventional approaches for identifying market power are suitable for the online networking market. This Article argues such conventional approaches are inadequate for assessing market power in online networking markets.This Article begins by introducing the traditional approaches that courts have employed to assess market power: the direct effects approach, the Lerner Index approach, and the market share approach. It next describes Facebook’s business model and shows that, because Facebook is a two-sided market, these traditional approaches should not be applied to Facebook.Instead, the Article proposes that the information gaps, switching costs, and entry barriers approaches are better suited for assessing the market power of online networking platforms. The Article thus concludes by proposing a legal framework for assessing market power in online networking platforms which employs such non-traditional approaches. While this Article uses Facebook as the main case study, this paper’s findings are equally applicable to similar online networking platforms.
Burning Bridges: The Automated Facial Recognition Technology and Public Space Surveillance in the Modern State
Authors: Zalnieriute Monika
Published: November 2021

Live automated facial recognition technology, rolled out in public spaces and cities across the world, is transforming the nature of modern policing.  R (on the application of Bridges) v Chief Constable of South Wales Police, decided in August 2020, is the first successful legal challenge to automated facial recognition technology in the world. In Bridges, the United Kingdom’s Court of Appeal held that the South Wales Police force’s use of automated facial recognition technology was unlawful. This landmark ruling could influence future policy on facial recognition in many countries. The Bridges decision imposes some limits on the police’s previously unconstrained discretion to decide whom to target and where to deploy the technology. Yet, while the decision requires that the police adopt a clearer legal framework to limit this discretion, it does not, in principle, prevent the use of facial recognition technology for mass-surveillance in public places, nor for monitoring political protests. On the contrary, the Court held that the use of automated facial recognition in public spaces – even to identify and track the movement of very large numbers of people – was an acceptable means for achieving law enforcement goals. Thus, the Court dismissed the wider impact and significant risks posed by using facial recognition technology in public spaces. It underplayed the heavy burden this technology can place on democratic participation and freedoms of expression and association, which require collective action in public spaces. The Court neither demanded transparency about the technologies used by the police force, which is often shielded behind the “trade secrets” of the corporations who produce them, nor did it act to prevent inconsistency between local police forces’ rules and regulations on automated facial recognition technology. Thus, while the Bridges decision is reassuring and demands change in the discretionary approaches of U.K. police in the short term, its long-term impact in burning the “bridges” between the expanding public space surveillance infrastructure and the modern state is unlikely. In fact, the decision legitimizes such an expansion.
On derivatives
Authors: Makharoblidze Tamar
Published: November 2021

The question of derivates has been repeatedly raised in the teaching processes of language grammar and general linguistics. This circumstance became the basis for creating this short article. It is well known that a word-form can be changeable or unchangeable, and this fact is determined by the parts of speech. Form-changing words can undergo two types of change: inflectional and derivative. During the inflectional change, the form of the word changes, but the lexical and semantic aspects of the word do not change, i.e. its semantic and content data do not change. A classic example of this type of change is flexion of nouns.Derivation is the formation of a word from another word by the addition of non-inflectional affixes. Derivation can be of two types. The first is lexical derivation, in which the derivative affix produces a word with a different lexical content. A word-form can be another part of speech or the same part of speech but with a different lexical content. The second type of derivation is, first of all, grammatical derivation, when grammatical categories are produced. The grammatical category in general (and a word-form in general as well) includes the unity of morphological and semantical aspects. There is no separate semantics without morphology. Any semantic category and/or content must be conveyed in a specific form, so only a specific form has a specific morphosemantics, which can be produced by the grammatical derivatives. The main difference between the two types of derivation mentioned above (and therefore between the two types of derivatives) is the levels of the language hierarchy. The first type of affixes works at the lexical level of the language, while the second type derivatives produce forms at the morphological and semantic levels. The second type derivatives are inter-level affixes, because they act on two hierarchical levels. Any grammatical category includes specific morphosemantic oppositional forms. Thus, unlike inflectional affixes, the rest of the morphological affixes are all other types of inter-level derivatives. It should be noted that the preverb in Kartvelian languages ​​is the only linguistic unit with all possible functions of affix.

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Linguistic Portrait of Transcendental World Based on The Ebony Tower by John Fowles
Authors: Dzamukashvili Nino
Published: November 2021

Our article deals with the linguistic devices that convey the hidden, parallel, transcendental world in the novella The Ebony Tower. As expected, our study yileded in rich and diverse language material through which the author builds up the elusive domain of myths and legends within the main setting of the novella. It looks like a text in a text. This proves to be a very essential and meaningful linguistic leitmotif. Since it is this overtone that imbues the whole piece of writing with exceptional and unique sound and meaning.
Lento, a “chronicler” of the events of March 9, 1956 (According to Otar Chkheidze’s novel “Revelation”
Authors: Ambokadze Nona
Published: November 2021

March 9, 1956 remains a controversial issue in Georgian historiography to this day, as the protest was ambivalent in its content ad demands. Despite differences of opinion, everyone agress, that this was the first anti-Soviet political rally in the Soviet Union. On the one hand, the demonastrators, insulted by Nikita Khrushov’s report on “The cult of personality” at the 20th congress of the CPSU, praised Stalin, and on the other hand, distanced themselves from the Soviet Union and demanded national independence. In the Soviet Union (obviously in Soviet Georgia) this topic has been avoided for decades; It did not have a wide response in public discourse. Lasha Berulava comments on the tragedy in the article “March 9, 1956 – Another Bood Drop of the dead Man” the following opinion is expressed:”Stalin,with his death, acted as a “dead body” and “organized the massacre of the capital of the Georgian people. This was March 9, 1956, when Georgians protested against the cult of Stalin; It was Stalin who wrote to Orjonikidze standing near Tbilisi surrounded by Russian troops:”Attack now, take the city, I will command you!” {Berulava, 2011:09}.In this article we will try to briefly discuss the events of March 9, 1956, which take place agaibst the background of the life of a boy from the village, Lento. Lento, as a “chronicler” of “Looker” events from afar, tries to remember the “shots” which camera in his hand. Lento does not appear to be the leader’s apologist either, but he still has trouble and loses his brother and sister in these “dumb” people.
The Role of the Students’ Independent Work in the Learning Process
Authors: Kurdadze Ekaterine , Demetradze Nino , Kipiani Sopio
Published: November 2021

The paper discusses the importance of students’ independent work in the field of higher education and gives the reasons of the need to form a new model for its organization. The role of the teacher in the mentioned process is multi-functional, he/she is an advisor, a source of information and a consultant who is ready to help the students in the case of necessity. We believe that the modernization of a particular discipline within the framework of an independent work requires constant updating and development. With the use of the appropriate methods, student gradually acquires the skill of analysis and evaluation, which later encourages student’s self-organized work in the learning process. As a result, students will be able to adapt effectively to higher education conditions. Lots of experimental studies test the efficiency of the model. Thus, claiming that diverse independent activities have a positive impact on the development of students’ creative independence. The paper emphasizes the necessity of certain discipline or the need of certain component in the learning course that enables students to independently work on certain modules in reading and listening.
The Importance of pupils social-emotional development
Authors: Balanchivadze Iagor , Bzikadze Salome
Published: November 2021

The article discusses the importance of the pupil’s social-emotional development, which includes the formation of the cgild’s personal qualities and relationships with people. Positive relationships between teacher and pupil form a solid foundation for learning and development.The teacher takes care of the pupils to form a positive attitude with him, to create an emotionally safe, evalution-free environment, which is an important condition for learning and research, and to help them form correct, positive perceptions of themselves, their abilities and competencies. The emotional well-being of pupils at the elementary level, then further learning and development, is mainly conditiones by the relationship with the adults.A positive emotional atmosphere in the group is created by a relationship based on respect, the acceptance of each pupil. It is manifested in the attention and attention of the adult toweards the pupil.Social-emotional skills are vital for the proper development of a person and their relationship to the environment. Children need recognition and a sense of belonging the most. The neglected pupil feels as if they are not being noticed. Often bad behavior is an attempt to somehow notice. A pupil who has no attachment to an adult may gradually become alienated, disobedient, or excluded.Emotional skills training programs can be developed in a structured or semi-structured way. In a positive social-emotional environment, everyone feels like a member of the group. Contrary to popular belief, diversity is respected. There is an emotional connection with the elders. Pupil have friends in the group. Play in a group, resolve conflicts through negotiation.The more teachers work on social-emotional skills, the sooner pupils develop and apply it in life, pupil will be able to manage emotions and solve problems effectively.
Подготовка метаданных публикаций для пакетного импорта в институциональный репозиторий на платформе DSpace
Authors: Резниченко Олег Сергеевич
Published: November 2021

Внесение метаданных о научных публикациях в институциональный репозиторий на платформе DSpace вручную занимает значительное время, даже когда данные представляют собой готовые выгрузки из реферативных баз Scopus и Web of Science, и уже имеют формат, близкий к Dublin Core. Для решения задачи преобразования и объединения данных, а также интеграции в итоговый набор метаданных оригинал-макетов публикаций с целью их пакетного импорта в университетский репозиторий, были разработаны алгоритмы использования стандартных офисных приложений и бесплатного ПО, а также созданы программные скрипты, которые позволили автоматизировать большинство рутинных операций. Использование этих алгоритмов и созданного ПО показало двадцатидевятикратное сокращение временных затрат в сравнении с ручным вводом метаданных в DSpace.
Темпорально-таксисное межкатегориальное взаимодействие
Authors: Архипова Ирина Викторовна
Published: November 2021

В свете современных функционально-грамматических исследований изучение вопроса межкатегориального взаимодействия функционально-семантических категорий темпоральности и таксиса представляет особую значимость. В связи с недостаточной исследованностью данного вопроса автор рассматривает данные категории в аспекте наличия тесных межкатегориальных связей между ними, выделяя единый интегрированный темпорально-аспектуально-таксисный поликатегориальный семантический синкрет-комплекс. В ходе исследования была определена модель межкатегориального взаимодействия категорий таксиса и темпоральности – модель межкатегориального кроссинга. В результате исследования были описаны прототипические конституенты рассмотренного аспектуально-темпорально-таксисного семантического синкрет-комплекса, детерминирующие актуализацию темпорально-таксисных категориальных ситуаций одновременности, предшествования и следования в немецких высказываниях с предложными девербативами. Полученные результаты вносят вклад в теорию межкатегориального взаимодействия функционально-семантических категорий темпоральности, таксиса и аспектуальности.
Реализация китайской части проекта «Мультилингвальный ассоциативный тезаурус вежливости»
Authors: Степыкин Николай Иванович
Published: November 2021

На первом этапе исследования был проведен компонентный анализ лексемы «вежливость» в китайском языке для выявления инвариантного содержания речевого действия; на втором –  анализ данных свободного ассоциативного эксперимента для экстрактирования личностных смыслов и расширения списка слов-стимулов, составляющих основу словарной статьи тезауруса. На третьем этапе был проведён свободный ассоциативный эксперимент, сформированы ассоциативные поля, включающие реакции носителей китайского языка. Ассоциативные данные в словаре представлены с учётом частотного и гендерного параметров. Разработка проекта мультилингвального ассоциативного словаря на основе систематизации лингвистических и ассоциативных данных позволяет выявить универсальные и этноспецифичные параметры речевого действия, а также проследить динамику образа мира индивида, принадлежащего определённой лингвокультуре.
Семантические особенности чэнъюй с компонентами стихии и компонентами-зоонимами
Authors: Яковлева Елена Сергеевна , Пэнбо Чжао
Published: November 2021

В антропоцентрической парадигме описание национально-культурных особенностей фразеологических единиц, в частности чэнъюй, представляет особую значимость. Несмотря на многочисленность публикаций, посвященных данной проблематике, практически отсутствуют исследования тех единиц, в структуре которых имеются компоненты, репрезентирующие элементы стихий, и компоненты-зоонимы. Целью работы является анализ национально-культурной специфики и семантических особенностей фразеологических единиц китайского языка типа чэнъюй, содержащих в качестве компонентов элементы стихий (水 – вода, 土 – земля, 木 – дерево, 火 – огонь, 金 – металл) древнекитайской философской системы Усин (五行) и компоненты-зоонимы, представленные в тандеме с вышеперечисленными стихиями. По результатам исследования было выявлено, что комбинация элемента стихии и компонента-зоонима в китайском языке не является фразеологически продуктивной, а среди найденных чэнъюй преобладают примеры с отрицательным коннотативным значением. Полученные результаты вносят вклад в развитие теории синологии, фразеологии, а также в теорию языка.
The role of joint line position and restoration of posterior condylar offset in revision total knee arthroplasty : a systematic review of 422 revision knees arthroplasty
Authors: Elbardesy Hany , McLeod André , Gul Rehan , Harty James
Published: November 2021

The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the evidence on reservation of Posterior Femoral Condylar Offset (PFCO) and Joint Line (JL) after Revision Total Knee Arthroplasty (RTKA) for im- proved functional outcomes.

A comprehensive search of PubMed, Medline, Cochrane, CINAHL, and Embase databases was conducted, with papers published from the inception of the database to October 2020 included. All relevant articles were retrieved, and their bibliographies were hand searched for further references on Posterior condylar offset and revision total knee arthroplasty. The search strategy yielded 28 articles. After duplicate titles were excluded, abstracts and full text were reviewed. Nine studies were assessed for eligibility, four studies were excluded because they did not fully comply with the inclusion criteria. Six articles were finally included in this systematic review.

Based on this systematic review restoration of the JL and PFCO in RTKR is associated with a significant improvement in the post-operative range of motion, KSS, OKS, patellar function, and SF-36.

Reservation of JL should be a major consideration when undertaking RTKA. Of note, increasing PFCO to balance the flexion gap while maintaining joint line should be well assessed intra-operatively. The upper limit of the PFCO that widely accepted is up to 40 % greater than that of the native knee. 4 mm is the upper limit for JL restoration.

Level of evidence III.
Thrombosis of persistent median artery as a cause of carpal tunnel syndrome : case report
Authors: Arnauw S , De Wachter G
Published: November 2021

Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a common peripheral neuropathy, caused by compression of the median nerve. Symptoms usually are present for months and aggravate over time. Acute onset of complaints and symptoms, like coldness of the hand, should raise awareness of a possible vascular cause of CTS.Persistent median artery (PMA) is a very rare anatomical variant of the blood supply of the upper limb. The presence of a thrombosed PMA is an extremely rare cause of CTS. In this article a case is presented in which the patient has carpal tunnel syndrome of his left hand, caused by a thrombosed persistent median artery.

Conservative treatment, consisting of rest, ice applica- tion and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, failed. Surgical excision of the thrombosis and open exploration of the carpal tunnel was performed, with complete relief of symptoms. In literature different treatment options, like conservative treatment with antiplatelet therapy or surgical excision of the throm- bosis and decompression of the nerve, are described with good results. However up until now, no consensus exists about the golden standard in treatment of a thrombosed persistent median artery.