bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Supplementing Genistein for Breeder Hens Alters the Fatty Acid Metabolism and Growth Performance of Offsprings by Epigenetic Modification
Authors: Lv Zengpeng , Fan Hao , Song Bochen , Li Guang , Liu Dan , Guo Yuming
Published: March 2019

The experiment was designed to clarify the effect and molecular mechanism of maternal genistein (GEN) on the lipid metabolism and developmental growth of offspring chicks. Laying broiler breeder (LBB) hens were supplemented with 40 mg/kg genistein (GEN), while the control group was fed with the low-soybean meal diet. The offspring chicks were grouped according to the mother generation with 8 replicates each. Hepatic transcriptome data revealed 3915 differentially expressed genes (DEGs,Padjusted < 0.05, foldchange>1.5or foldchange<0.67) between chicks in the two groups. Maternal GEN activated the GH-IGF1-PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, which promoted the developmental processes and cellular amino acid metabolic processes, as well as inhibited the apoptotic process. GEN treatment significantly increased the weight gain, breast muscle percentage, and liver index in chicks. PANTHER clustering analysis suggested that maternal GEN enhanced the antioxidant activity of chicks by the upregulation of gene (SOD3, MT1, and MT4) expression. Accordingly, the activities of T-AOC and T-SOD in the liver were increased after GEN treatment. The overrepresentation tests revealed that maternal GEN influenced the glycolysis, unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis, acyl-coenzyme A metabolism, lipid transport, and cholesterol metabolism in the chick livers. Hepatic cholesterol and long-chain fatty acid were significantly decreased after GEN treatment. However, the level of arachidonic acid was higher in the livers of the GEN-treated group compared with the CON group. Moreover, GEN treatment enhanced fatty acidβ-oxidation and upregulated PPARδexpression in the chick liver. ChIP-qPCR analysis indicated that maternal GEN might induce histone H3-K36 trimethylation in the promoter region of PPARδgene (PPARD) through Iws1, methyltransferases. It also induced histone H4-K12 acetylation at the PPARD promoter through MYST2, which activated the PPAR signaling pathways in the chick livers. In summary, supplementing LBB hens with GEN can alter lipid metabolism in the offspring chicks through epigenetic modification and improve the antioxidative capability as well as growth performance.
Structural Evolution and Photoluminescence of SiO2 Layers with Sn Nanoclusters Formed by Ion Implantation
Authors: Romanov I. , Komarov F. , Milchanin O. , Vlasukova L. , Parkhomenko I. , Makhavikou M. , Wendler E. , Mudryi A. , Togambayeva A.
Published: March 2019

Samples of SiO2 (600 nm)/Si have been implanted with Sn ions (200 keV, 5×1016 cm−2 and 1×1017 cm−2) at room temperature and afterwards annealed at 800 and 900°C for 60 minutes in ambient air. The structural and light emission properties of “SiO2+Sn-based nanocluster” composites have been studied using Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy in cross section and plan-view geometry, electron microdiffraction, and photoluminescence (PL). A strict correspondence of Sn concentration profiles and depth particle distributions has been found. In the case of 1×1017 cm−2 fluence, the impurity accumulation in the subsurface zone during the thermal treatment leads to swelling and to the formation of dendrites composed of large and coalesced nanoparticles of grey contrast. The appearance of dendrites is most probably due to the SnO2 phase formation. The as-implanted samples are characterized by a weak emission with maximum at the blue range (2.9 eV). The PL intensity increases by an order of magnitude after annealing in an oxidizing atmosphere. The narrowest and most intense PL band has maximum at 3.1 eV. Its intensity increases with increasing fluence and annealing temperature. This emission can be attributed to the formation of the SnO2 phase (in the form of separate clusters or shells of Sn clusters) in the subsurface region of the SiO2 matrix.
A Combined Method for Predicting the Boron Deposited Mass and the CIPS Risk
Authors: Li Shengzhe , Yang Dongmei , Zhang Tengfei , Liu Xiaojing
Published: March 2019

CIPS is a shift in the axial power towards the bottom half of the core, also known as axial offset anomaly (AOA), which results from the deposited of corrosion products during an operation. The main reason of CIPS is the solute particles especially boron compounds concentrated inside the porous deposit. The impact of CIPS is that the axial power distribution control may be more difficult and the shutdown margin can be decreased simultaneously. Besides, it also requires estimated critical condition (ECC) calculations to account for the effects of AOA. In this article, thermal-hydraulic subchannel code and boron deposit model have been combined to analyze the CIPS risk. The neutronics codes deal with the generation of homogenized neutron cross section as well as the calculation of local power factor. A simple rod assembly is analyzed with this combined method and simulation results are presented. Simulation results provide the boron hideout amount inside crud deposits and power shapes. The obtained results clearly show the power shape suppression in regions where crud deposits exist, which is a clear indication of CIPS phenomenon. And the CIPS effects on CHF have also been investigated. Result shows a margin of DNBR decrease in the crud case.
Recent Developments in the Holographic Description of Quantum Chaos
Authors: Jahnke Viktor
Published: March 2019

We review recent developments encompassing the description of quantum chaos in holography. We discuss the characterization of quantum chaos based on the late time vanishing of out-of-time-order correlators and explain how this is realized in the dual gravitational description. We also review the connections of chaos with the spreading of quantum entanglement and diffusion phenomena.
Detection of Inception Cavitation in Centrifugal Pump by Fluid‐Borne Noise Diagnostic
Authors: Dong Liang , Zhao Yuqi , Dai Cui
Published: March 2019

This paper presents an experimental methodology that is capable of sensitively detecting the cavitation inception in a centrifugal pump. Firstly, with a centrifugal pump of ns = 117 as research object, the cavitation performance, the bubble pattern distribution at impeller inlet, and the vibration and noise were synchronously measured at different flow conditions each with several cavitation coefficients. The change laws of total level of vibration and noise signals throughout the cavitation process were emphatically investigated. After comparing the sensitivity and reliability of different detection methods, the method based on overall sound pressure level of liquid‐borne noise is found to present high sensitivity to cavitation. Secondly, by comparing the affected 1/3 octave spectrum by changing flow and cavitation coefficients, the highly sensitive frequency band to cavitation was obtained. Then, a new inception cavitation detection method was proposed based on Pauta principle. Finally, the method was verified through an ultra‐low‐specific speed pump (ns = 25). The results show that the total pressure level of liquid‐borne noise increases firstly and then decreases with the development of cavitation. The broadband SPL of liquid‐borne noise between 2000 and 3000 Hz can be used to detect the inception cavitation, and the cavitation detection threshold is determined as 1.0%.
An Assessment of the Validity of an Audio-Video Method of Food Journaling for Dietary Quantity and Quality
Authors: Jago Emily , Gauthier Alain P. , Pegoraro Ann , Dorman Sandra C.
Published: March 2019

Objective. To validate an audio-video (AV) method of food journaling, in a free-living scenario, compared to direct, weighed food assessment. Design and Setting. Data were collected in a cafeteria. Meals, selected by participants (n=30), were documented using the AV method: participants video-recorded their tray while audio-recording a description of their selected meal, after which the research team digitally weighed each food item and created an itemized diary record of the food. Variables Measured. Data from the AV method and from the weighed food diaries were transcribed and entered into a nutrition software analysis program (Nutribase Pro 10.0). Nutrient outputs were compared between the two methods including kilocalories, macronutrients, and selected micronutrients. Analyses. Using mean scores for each variable, Wilcoxon signed-rank test and Spearman’s correlation coefficients were conducted. Interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was calculated for absolute agreement between the two methods to assess interrater reliability. Results. With the exception of Vitamin E and total weight, nutrient values were highly correlated between methods and were statistically significant given alpha = 0.05, power = 0.95, and effect size of 0.70. Conclusions. The AV method may be a meaningful alternative to diary recording in a free-living setting.
Factors affecting diversity and distribution of threatened birds in Chitwan National Park, Nepal
Authors: Adhikari Jagan Nath , Bhattarai Bishnu Prasad , Thapa Tej Bahadur
Published: March 2019

Factors affecting diversity and distribution of globally threatened birds were studied by dividing Chitwan National Park (CNP) into five study blocks consisting of 17 birding routes.  CNP provides major habitats for the feeding and breeding of a large number of migratory birds from many parts of the globe and also plays a vital role in the conservation of threatened species.  We recorded a total of 437 individuals of globally threatened birds belonging to 19 species of nine families and eight orders.  There was considerable variation (F=2.94, df=44.43, p=0.05) in species diversity of threatened birds in different study blocks: the highest diversity was in Block E (Pithauli, Amaltari, and Narayani Island area; H=2.108), followed by Block C (Kasara to Sukibhar area; H=2.047), Block B (Barandabhar Corridor Forest; H=2.033), Block A (Khagendra Malli, Kathar, Sauraha to Old Padampur; H=1.744), and Block D with the least diversity (Madi area; H=1.69).  The higher dominance index was found in blocks A (D=0.2407) and D (0.2361) compared to other blocks.  The lower diversity of threatened birds was reported in those blocks (A & D) located nearer to human settlements that experienced higher disturbance.  Presence of livestock and people caused significantly negative effects on species richness and abundance of threatened birds, mainly in Block A.  Distance from roads and villages also had a negative effect on the diversity and abundance of most of the threatened birds.  This study suggests that human disturbance caused a significantly negative impact on the presence, distribution, diversity, and abundance of threatened birds in CNP and adjoining areas.
Observations on the female flowers and fruiting of Tape Grass Enhalus acoroides from South Andaman Islands, India
Authors: Patankar Vardhan , Wagh Tanmay , Tyabji Zoya
Published: March 2019

Documenting phenologic events is crucial in obtaining deeper insights into the life cycle of seagrasses.  We documented and compared the flowering and fruiting of the seagrass Enhalus acoroides from multispecies seagrass meadows at two sites, Henry Lawrence and Tarmugli islands located inside the marine national parks in South Andaman Islands.  At these two locations, the average density of shoots ranged between 30.9/m2 and 18.16/m2, fruits between 5/m2 and 2.33/m2, and flowers between 6.7/m2 and 3.83/m2, whereas the mean length of the peduncles ranged from 40.59cm at Henry Lawrence to 32.44cm at Tarmugli Island.  We observed significant differences between the densities of shoots and fruits and peduncle lengths in the two sites.  The density of flowers, however, did not vary significantly.  These observations of fruiting and flowering in E. acoroides establish an important reproductive stage in the life cycle of the species and open avenues for further seagrass research in the Andaman Islands.  We describe the findings and emphasize on the need to establish a long-term phenology monitoring program for E. acoroides in the Andaman Archipelago.
A new species of Simulium (Simulium) (Diptera: Simuliidae), with keys to S. striatum species-group from India
Authors: Anbalagan Sankarappan , Vijayan Suruliyandi , Balachandran Chellapandian , Dinakaran Sundaram
Published: March 2019

Simulium (Simulium) yanaense sp. nov. is described based on the male, larva, and pupa.  It is characterized by having a maxillary palp with a small sensory vesicle, and the subcosta and basal portion of the radius bare in the male; the gill with 10 short slender filaments and short common basal stalk in the pupa; and the thorax and abdomen without a pair of dorsolateral protuberances in the larva.  Keys are provided to the species of the S. striatum species group of the subgenus Simulium known from India.
New host records of polyphagous Lepidoptera on Ban Oak Quercus leucotrichophora A. Camus (Fabaceae) in the Garhwal Himalaya, India
Authors: Singh Arun Pratap , Bahuguna Kalpana , Ramola Gaurav Chand
Published: March 2019

The paper provides information on the life history stages of 12 species of Lepidoptera recorded for the first time feeding on Ban Oak Quercus leucotrichophora in Garhwal Himalaya, supported by images along with their distribution range and host plants recorded across the globe.  A comprehensive list of all the Lepidoptera recorded so far feeding on Q. leucotrichophora is also provided.
Stress, Resilience, and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Among Black Women
Authors: Felix Ashley S. , Lehman Amy , Nolan Timiya S. , Sealy-Jefferson Shawnita , Breathett Khadijah , Hood Darryl B. , Addison Daniel , Anderson Cindy M. , Cené Crystal W. , Warren Barbara J. , Jackson Rebecca D. , Williams Karen Patricia
Published: March 2019

Background:

Empirical data on the link between stress and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk among black women is limited. We examined associations of stressful life events and social strain with incident CVD among black women and tested for effect modification by resilience.

Methods and Results:

Our analysis included 10 785 black women enrolled in the Women’s Health Initiative Observational Study and Clinical Trials cohort. Participants were followed for CVD for up to 23 years (mean, 12.5). Multivariable Cox regression was used to estimate hazard ratios and 95% CIs for associations between stress-related exposures and incident CVD. We included interactions between follow-up time (age) and stressful life events because of evidence of nonproportional hazards. Effect modification by resilience was examined in the sub-cohort of 2765 women with resilience and stressful life events measures. Higher stressful life events were associated with incident CVD at ages 55 (hazard ratio for highest versus lowest quartile=1.80; 95% CI, 1.27–2.54) and 65 (hazard ratio for highest versus lowest quartile=1.40; 95% CI, 1.16–1.68), but not at older ages. Adjustment for CVD risk factors attenuated these associations. Similar associations were observed for social strain. In the sub-cohort of women with updated stressful life events and resilience measures, higher stressful life events were associated with incident CVD in multivariable-adjusted models (hazard ratio=1.61; 95% CI, 1.04–2.51). Resilience did not modify this association nor was resilience independently associated with incident CVD.

Conclusions:

In this cohort of older black women, recent reports of stressful life events were related to incident CVD. Resilience was unrelated to incident CVD.

Clinical Trials Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT00000611.
Fn-EDA (Fibronectin Containing Extra Domain A) in the Plasma, but Not Endothelial Cells, Exacerbates Stroke Outcome by Promoting Thrombo-Inflammation
Authors: Dhanesha Nirav , Chorawala Mehul R. , Jain Manish , Bhalla Abhinav , Thedens Daniel , Nayak Manasa , Doddapattar Prakash , Chauhan Anil K.
Published: March 2019

Background and Purpose—

Cellular Fn-EDA (fibronectin containing extra domain A) is expressed in activated endothelial cells and elevated in circulation in patients with cardiovascular diseases. Although global deficiency of Fn-EDA in mice improves stroke outcome, the specific contribution of plasma versus endothelium Fn-EDA in stroke outcome is currently unknown. We investigated the role of plasma versus endothelial Fn-EDA in stroke exacerbation in the comorbid condition of hyperlipidemia.

Methods—

We generated novel plasma
Fn-EDA
−/−
(
Fn-EDA

fl/fl

Alb

Cre

) and endothelial
Fn-EDA
−/−
(
Fn-EDA

fl/fl

Tie2

Cre

) strains on hyperlipidemic apolipoprotein E-deficient (
ApoE
−/−
) background. By following the Stroke Therapy Academic Industry Roundtable guidelines, we evaluated stroke outcome in male and female mice. Susceptibility to ischemia/reperfusion injury was evaluated in 2 different models of stroke: intraluminal monofilament and embolic model on days 1, 3, and 7. Quantitative assessment of stroke outcome was evaluated by measuring infarct volume (by magnetic resonance imaging), cerebral blood flow (by laser speckle imaging), neurological and sensory-motor outcome, and postischemic thrombo-inflammation (platelet thrombi, fibrin, neutrophil, phospho-NFκB [nuclear factor κB], TNFα [tumor necrosis factor α], and IL1β [interleukin 1β]).

Results—

Stroke outcome was comparable in
ApoE
−/−
Fn-EDA

fl/fl

Tie2

Cre

and control
ApoE
−/−
Fn-EDA

fl/fl

mice suggesting endothelial Fn-EDA does not contribute to stroke.
ApoE
−/−
Fn-EDA

fl/fl

Alb

Cre

mice exhibited significantly smaller infarcts and improved neurological and sensory-motor outcome at days 1, 3, and 7 in monofilament and embolic models of stroke. Improved stroke outcome was concomitant with enhanced survival, and decreased postischemic thrombo-inflammatory response (
P
<0.05 versus
ApoE
−/−
Fn-EDA

fl/fl

). No sex-based differences were observed. Laser speckle imaging revealed significantly improved regional cerebral blood flow at 1 hour in
ApoE
−/−
Fn-EDA

fl/fl

Alb

Cre

mice suggesting plasma Fn-EDA promotes postischemic secondary thrombosis. Coinfusion of anti–Fn-EDA antibody with r-tPA (recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator) in
ApoE
−/−
mice, 1 hour after embolization, improved stroke outcome with enhanced survival, and improved neurological outcome (
P
<0.05 versus r-tPA).

Conclusions—

Genetic evidence suggests that plasma Fn-EDA exacerbates stroke outcome by promoting postischemic thrombo-inflammation. Interventions targeting plasma Fn-EDA may reduce brain damage after reperfusion.
Tracking Keystroke Sequences at the Cortical Level Reveals the Dynamics of Serial Order Production
Authors: Pinet Svetlana , Dell Gary S. , Alario F.-Xavier
Published: March 2019

Response selection is often studied by examining single responses, although most actions are performed within an overarching sequence. Understanding processes that order and execute items in a sequence is thus essential to give a complete picture of response selection. In this study, we investigate response selection by comparing single responses and response sequences as well as unimanual and bimanual sequences. We recorded EEG while participants were typing one- or two-keystroke sequences. Irrespective of stimulus modality (visual or auditory), response-locked analysis revealed distinct contralateral and ipsilateral components previously associated with activation and inhibition of alternative responses. Unimanual sequences exhibited a similar activation/inhibition pattern as single responses, but with the activation component of the pattern expressed more strongly, reflecting the fact that the hand will be used for two strokes. In contrast, bimanual sequences were associated with successive activation of each of the corresponding motor cortices controlling each keystroke and no traceable inhibitory component. In short, the activation component of the two-keystroke sequence EEG pattern can be understood from the addition of activation components of single-stroke sequences; the inhibition of the hand not being used is only evidenced when that hand is not planned for the next stroke.
Does Closing the Eyes Enhance Auditory Attention? Eye Closure Increases Attentional Alpha-Power Modulation but Not Listening Performance
Authors: Wöstmann Malte , Schmitt Lea-Maria , Obleser Jonas
Published: March 2019

In challenging listening conditions, closing the eyes is a strategy with intuitive appeal to improve auditory attention and perception. On the neural level, closing the eyes increases the power of alpha oscillations (∼10 Hz), which are a prime signature of auditory attention. Here, we test whether eye closure benefits neural and behavioral signatures of auditory attention and perception. Participants (n = 22) attended to one of two alternating streams of spoken numbers with open or closed eyes in a darkened chamber. After each trial, participants indicated whether probes had been among the to-be-attended or to-be-ignored numbers. In the EEG, states of relative high versus low alpha power accompanied the presentation of attended versus ignored numbers. Importantly, eye closure did not only increase the overall level of absolute alpha power but also the attentional modulation thereof. Behaviorally, however, neither perceptual sensitivity nor response criterion was affected by eye closure. To further examine whether this behavioral null result would conceptually replicate in a simple auditory detection task, a follow-up experiment was conducted that required participants (n = 19) to detect a near-threshold target tone in noise. As in the main experiment, our results provide evidence for the absence of any difference in perceptual sensitivity and criterion for open versus closed eyes. In summary, we demonstrate here that the modulation of the human alpha rhythm by auditory attention is increased when participants close their eyes. However, our results speak against the widely held belief that eye closure per se improves listening behavior.
Bodily and Therapeutic Movement
Authors: Langager Anna Louise , Roald Tone
Published: March 2019

In this article we present a phenomenological single-case study of a client’s experience of her therapist’s bodily movement in the context of narrative therapy. A client was interviewed regarding her experience of selected bodily movements of the therapist based on a video recording of one of her therapeutic sessions. The movements were analyzed through Maxine Sheets-Johnstone’s cardinal structures of movement while the interview was analyzed through a modification of Giorgi’s method for phenomenological psychology. We focused on the relationship between the therapist’s bodily movement and therapeutic movement in the client and arrived at general structures of the client’s experience of being moved by movement. The experience comprises three core constituents: ‘shifts in sense of self’, ‘sense of togetherness’ and ‘feelings of mobility’, and reveals that the therapist’s bodily movements can lead to therapeutic changes compatible with the aim of narrative therapy.
New Cixiidae from Eastern Polynesia: Oteana gen.nov. and Manurevana gen. nov. (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha)
Authors: HOCH HANNELORE
Published: March 2019

Two new genera are established to accommodate the cixiid species from the Society, Austral and Cook Islands formerly assigned to the genus Oliarus Stål: 1. Oteana gen.nov. with the type species Oteana euphranor (Fennah) comb.nov. from Tahiti, Oteana eurynome (Fennah, 1958) comb. nov.from Moorea, and Oteana gemellar (Fennah, 1958) comb. nov. from Rarotonga (Cook Islands); additionally, ten new Oteana species are described from the Society Islands: Oteana iaorana sp. nov., O. tiare sp. nov., O. aorai sp. nov., O. mato sp. nov., O. ata sp. nov., O. moana sp. nov., and O. pouvana sp. nov., all from Tahiti, as well as O. aimeho sp. nov. from Moorea, O. omai sp. nov. from Huahine, and O. temehani sp. nov. from Raiatea. 2. Manurevana gen. nov. with the type species Manurevana draconarius (Fennah, 1958) comb. nov. Notes on their ecology and distribution are given.
Description of a new species of Euglossa (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Euglossini) with notes on comparative biology
Authors: RASMUSSEN CLAUS , SKOV CHARLOTTE
Published: March 2019

Here, we descr ibe Euglossa rufipes Rasmusse n & Skov sp. nov. from r emnants of Andean rainforest in western Peru and Ecuado r. The species closely resemble s E. asarophora Moure & Sakagami, bu t ma les can be distingui shed by the red color of the h ind tibia an d by geni tal characters. We summarize th e kno wn biological information for both species.
A new species of Hyperolius Rapp, 1842 (Anura: Hyperoliidae) from the Serra da Chela mountains, south-western Angola
Authors: CONRADIE WERNER , BRANCH WILLIAM R. , MEASEY G. JOHN , TOLLEY KRYSTAL A.
Published: March 2019

A new species of African reed frog (genus Hyperolius Rapp, 1842) is described from a high altitude, forested gorge in theSerra da Chela mountain range near the village of Humpata, Lubango area, Huila Province, south-western Angola. It iscurrently only known from its type locality. Phylogenetic reconstruction using the mitochondrial 16S marker reveals thatit is the sister taxon of the poorly known Hyperolius cinereus (>4% sequence divergence) also described from Angola, andforms part of a larger clade comprising H. platyceps. The new species is distinguished from other closely related Hyperolius species by genetic divergence, vocalisation, an unusual torrent stream habitat, and colouration.
Toward the identification of Frankliniella species in Brazil (Thysanoptera, Thripidae)
Authors: CAVALLERI ADRIANO , MOUND LAURENCE A.
Published: March 2019

This paper provides an illustrated key to about 40 species of Frankliniella recorded from Brazil, together with notes abouteach species. Two new synonyms are established: Frankliniella longispinosa Moulton is a synonym of Frankliniellavaripes Moulton; Frankliniella rodeos Moulton is a synonym of Frankliniella gemina Bagnall, all described originallyfrom South America. One new species is described, Frankliniella graminis sp.n. is recorded from Poaceae in central andsoutheastern Brazil. Four species are newly recorded from Brazil: Frankliniella frumenti Moulton, Frankliniella gossypiana (Hood), Frankliniella musaeperda Hood and Frankliniella platensis De Santis.
The West Mediterranean Alona azorica Frenzel & Alonso, 1988 (Cladocera: Anomopoda: Chydoridae) is composed of two species
Authors: SINEV ARTEM Y. , ALONSO MIGUEL , MIRACLE MARIA ROSA , SAHUQUILLO MARIA
Published: March 2019

A study of several populations of the West Palaearctic endemic Alona azorica Frenzel & Alonso, 1988 reveals the exis-tence of a sibling-species. Alona azorica s. str. is confined to the Azores and the Atlantic part of West Iberia; Alona anas-tasia sp. nov. inhabits temporary ponds in Mediterranean Iberia and other West Mediterranean regions. It differs by size,by the morphology of the head shield and head pores, and by the shape of the male postabdomen. Both species belong tothe pulchella-group of Alona s. lato. Alona anastasia sp. nov. population dynamics and seasonal variation in body size in the province of Valencia (Spain) are also studied.
Taxonomy of the cerapachyine ant genera Simopone Forel, Vicinopone gen. n. and Tanipone gen. n. (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)
Authors: BOLTON BARRY , FISHER BRIAN L.
Published: March 2019

Taxonomic studies of three cerapachyine ant genera are presented: the Old World tropical Simopone Forel, the Afrotropi-cal Vicinopone gen. n. and the Malagasy endemic genus Tanipone gen. n. Vicinopone is a monotypic genus, the sole spe-cies of which (conciliatrix) was formerly included in Simopone. Ten species of Tanipone are recognised (aglandula,aversa, cognata, hirsuta, maculata, pilosa, scelesta, subpilosa, varia, zona), all of which are newly described here. Thenumber of species of Simopone is increased from 15 to 38 by the description of 9 new Afrotropical species (amana, brun-nea, dryas, latiscapa, miniflava, occulta, persculpta, rabula, vepres), 13 new Madagascan species (consimilis, dignita,dux, elegans, fera, inculta, merita, nonnihil, rex, sicaria, silens, trita, victrix), and the resurrection of one name (wilburi)from synonymy. Modern diagnoses of the genera are included, together with newly designed keys to the Afrotropical and Malagasy species.
Revision of the Indo-Pacific cardinalfish genus Siphamia (Perciformes: Apogonidae)
Authors: GON OFER , ALLEN GERALD R.
Published: March 2019

The Indo-Pacific apogonid genus Siphamia Weber 1909 is unique among cardinalfishes in having a bacterial biolumines-cent system and spinoid scales. Light is produced by luminous bacteria found in a small pocket connected to the gut in theabdominal cavity and in a sac on each side of the tip of the tongue. Siphamia consists of 23 small species many of whichare associated with invertebrates such as sea urchins, crown-of-thorns starfish and coral. Species of this genus fall intotwo main groups with different dark pigment pattern of the longitudinal translucent muscle acting as a light organ thatdiffuses light along the ventral edge of the body. The S. tubifer group, with a striated light organ, includes S. arabica, newspecies, from the Gulf of Oman; S. argentea from the Philippines and northern Western Australia; S. fraseri, new species,from New Caledonia, Tonga and Fiji; S. fuscolineata from the Marshall and Line islands; S. goreni, new species, from thesouthern Red Sea; S. guttulata from Darnley Island, Queensland; S. jebbi from the western Pacific, ranging from the Phil-ippines to Western Australia and east to the Caroline Islands, Fiji, and Tonga; S. majimai from the Ryukyu and Ogasawaraislands to northwestern Australia, ranging eastward to New Caledonia and Tonga; S. mossambica from the western IndianOcean; S. randalli, new species, from the Society and Cook islands; S. spinicola, new species, from Biak in eastern Indo-nesia, Papua New Guinea, Woleai Atoll, Vanuatu, New Caledonia and the Chesterfield Islands; S. stenotes, new species,from the Triton Bay area of Irian Jaya Barat Province of Indonesia; and S. tubifer ranging widely in the Indo-West Pacificfrom the Red Sea to Madagascar and east to Vanuatu. The S. tubulata group, with a dark-dotted light organ, includes S.brevilux, new species, from Papua New Guinea; S. cephalotes from southern Australia; S. corallicola from Indonesia, Sa-bah, and Timor Sea; S. cuneiceps from Western Australia and the east coast of Queensland; S. cyanophthalma, new species,from the Philippines, Palau, Indonesia, and Papua New Guinea; S. elongata from the Philippines and Brunei; S. fistulosafrom Java, Sumbawa and Komodo, Indonesia, and Brunei; S. roseigaster from Western Australia, ranging along the north-ern and eastern coast of Australia south to Sydney Harbour, New South Wales; S. senoui, new species, from the RyukyuIslands, Japan; and S. tubulata from the Papua Barat Province, Indonesia, south coast of Papua New Guinea, northern Western Australia and Queensland.
The species of Ormyrus Westwood (Hymenoptera: Ormyridae) in Iran with description of an unusual new species
Authors: LOTFALIZADEH HOSSEINALI , ASKEW RICHARD R. , FUENTES-UTRILLA PABLO , TAVAKOLI MAJID
Published: March 2019

An account is given of the Iranian species of Ormyrus Westwood (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Ormyridae). Eleven species arelisted from Iran, including Ormyrus pallens Lotfalizadeh & Askew n. sp., and six species that are newly reported from Iran, O.bingoeliensis Doğanlar, O. bucharicus Zerova, O. cupreus Askew, O. diffinis (Fonscolombe), O. discolor Zerova and O.wachtli Mayr. New biological associations for the Iranian species are presented, and geographical distribution and biological data are summarised.
New record of Lysmatella prima Borradaile, 1915 (Crustacea, Caridea, Lysmatidae) from the Arabian Sea, Southwestern India
Authors: PILLAI S. LAKSHMI , MAHESWARUDU G. , THOMAS JINESH , RAGESH L. , SREESANTH M. , JOSE JOSILEEN , CHAKRABORTHY REKHA DEVI
Published: March 2019

Here we report a new record of the caridean shrimp Lysmatella prima Borradaile, 1915 in the Arabian Sea off southwest coast of India. L. prima is the only known species under the genus Lysmatella (Borradaile, 1915). The species was recorded a century back from the Andaman Sea, Bay of Bengal. During a survey in our research vessel, a single specimen obtained from a depth of 30 m (9o25’72” N 76o12’77” E) is described and illustrated with photographs. This record extends the known distribution of the species in the Indo Pacific region.
Making Louis Agassiz’s wish come true: combining forces and a new protocol for collecting comparative skeletal material of sharks, skates and rays, as a comment and an addition to ‘The need of providing tooth morphology in descriptions of extant elasmobranch species’ by Guinot et al. (2018)
Authors: MOLLEN FREDERIK H.
Published: March 2019

Palaeoichthyologist G. Guinot and colleagues (Guinot et al., 2018) are correct to request that new species descriptions of extant sharks, skates and rays include information on tooth morphology. But, even if their request is heeded, it will not address the broader issue associated with taxa that have been poorly described or incompletely illustrated in the past.
A new species of Schaefferia Absolon (Collembola: Hypogastruridae) from Chukotka, Russia, with remarks on the related forms
Authors: BABENKO ANATOLY
Published: March 2019

A new species of the genus Schaefferia, S. bermani sp. nov., is described from the eastern coast of Chukchi Peninsula (Russia). It is most similar to S. czernovi (Martynova) which is widespread in the northern parts of more western regions of the Palaearctic. Both species are characterised by the presence of 5+5 ocelli and a similarly shortened furca, but differ in morphology of the labial palp and chaetotaxy of Abd.4. Remarks on several related forms, including Japanese S. quinqueoculata (Yosii), are given.
Tropical Cyclone Rain Retrievals from FY-3B MWRI Brightness Temperatures Using the Goddard Profiling Algorithm (GPROF)
Authors: Zhang Ruanyu , Kummerow Christian D. , Randel David L. , Brown Paula J. , Berg Wesley , Wang Zhenzhan
Published: March 2019

This study focuses on the tropical cyclone rainfall retrieval using FY-3B Microwave Radiation Imager (MWRI) brightness temperatures (Tbs). The GPROF, a fully parametric approach based on the Bayesian scheme, is adapted for use by the MWRI sensor. The MWRI GPROF algorithm is an ocean-only scheme used to estimate rain rates and hydrometeor vertical profiles. An a priori database is constructed from MWRI simulated Tbs, the GPM Microwave Imager (GMI) and Dual-Frequency Precipitation Radar (DPR) combined data, and ancillary data resulting in about 100 000 rainfall profiles. The performance of MWRI retrievals is consistent with DPR observations, even though MWRI retrievals slightly overestimate low rain rates and underestimate high rain rates. The total bias of MWRI retrievals is less than 13% of the mean rain rate of DPR precipitation. Statistical comparisons over GMI GPROF, GMI Hurricane GPROF (HGPROF), and MWRI GPROF retrievals show MWRI GPROF retrievals are consistent in terms of spatial distribution and rain estimates for TCs compared with the other two estimates. In terms of the global precipitation, the mean rain rates at different distances from best track locations for five TC categories are used to identify substantial differences between mean MWRI and GMI GPROF retrievals. After correcting the biases between MWRI and GMI retrievals, the performance of MWRI retrievals shows slight overestimate for light rain rates while underestimating rain rates near the eyewall for category 4 and 5 only.
Navigating the gender structure in information technology: How does this affect the experiences and behaviours of women?
Authors: Kenny Etlyn J , Donnelly Rory
Published: March 2019

How do women, outnumbered and outranked, navigate work and careers in information technology? Only one in six information technology (IT) specialists in the UK is female. Such extreme male dominance potentially gives rise to a gender structure that affects women’s experiences of IT work. Using data from interviews with 57 technically skilled female IT professionals, we examine how women orient this gender structure and how they make sense of their gender identities as women working in IT. Our findings elucidate how the IT gender structure shapes women’s careers in this field of work. They reveal how women use their agency to assert notions of femininity into technical careers, disentangle narratives around whether women have unique and different (but less technically focused) strengths in IT and interface with ‘geek’ and ‘nerd’ identities to achieve successful IT careers. In doing so, they provide insight into how technical women continue careers within a structure that externalises them through gender norms. This understanding can be used to aid efforts to retain women within IT as well as other fields facing similar challenges.
Comparative Analysis of Reparations for the Holocaust and for the Transatlantic Slave Trade
Authors: Craemer Thomas
Published: March 2019

This article provides a legal and economic comparison of proposed reparations for the Transatlantic Slave Trade and already realized German Holocaust reparations. Neither injustice was legal at the time according to international common law. This line of legal reasoning was successfully applied at the Nuremberg trials but did not lead to Holocaust reparations. Instead, representatives of the perpetrator side reached out to representatives of the victimized side. Emory University’s Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade Database is used to determine the amounts the primarily European countries who participated in the slave trade would owe if the same per-victim reparations rate were applied, both uncompounded and compounded over time. After controlling for differences in the number of victims and the passage of time, Transatlantic Slave Trade reparations demands resemble German Holocaust reparations payments. Thus, German Holocaust reparations may serve as a blueprint for eventual Transatlantic Slave Trade reparations.
In-silico study of the ionic current gradients determining left-to-right atrial frequencies during paroxysmal atrial fibrillation
Authors: Palacio Laura C , Ugarte Juan P , Tobón Catalina
Published: March 2019

Atrial fibrillation is the most prevalent cardiac arrhythmia. Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (pAF) may occur in episodes lasting from minutes to days. Recent studies suggest that some pAF episodes present a left-to-right dominant frequency gradient caused by ionic current gradients. However, how each ionic current gradient affects the left-to-right dominant frequency gradient during pAF has not been studied. In this work, we use a 3D model of human atria to study how the ionic current gradients affect the dominant frequency gradient during pAF induced by continuous ectopic activity. The role of the specific gradients of acetylcholine-activated potassium current ( IKACh) and inward-rectifier potassium current ( IK1) on determining the left-to-right dominant frequency gradient was assessed. The main outcome of this study is that either or both of the IKACh or IK1 gradients are necessary to induce a left-to-right dominant frequency gradient during pAF. However, both gradients are necessary to the left atrium maintaining, by itself, the pAF episode. These findings have potentially important implications for the development of atrial-selective therapeutic approaches.
Land Finance, Producer Services Agglomeration, and Green Total Factor Productivity
Authors: Xie Rui , Yao Siling , Han Feng , Fang Jiayu
Published: March 2019

This study explores the effect of land finance (LF) and producer services on green total factor productivity (GTFP) according to spatial and agglomeration economic theories. Then, based on the spatial Durbin model, we employ panel data of 283 Chinese cities at the prefecture level and above from 2003 to 2015 to estimate the effect of LF and producer services agglomeration on GTFP. We find that specialized agglomeration of producer services promotes the GTFP of the city and its neighboring cities. While diversified agglomeration is advantageous to the GTFP in the city, it significantly reduces in neighboring cities. LF not only improves the GTFP of the city and neighboring cities but also weakens the promotion effect of the specialized agglomeration of producer services on the GTFP of the city and surrounding cities. Furthermore, we find that there exists industry and regional heterogeneities of the effect.
Regional Synergy and Economic Growth: Evidence from Total Effect and Regional Effect in China
Authors: Liu Ying , Li Lin , Zheng Fei Teng
Published: March 2019

The synergy between different regions may enable to realize the system optimization of 1 + 1 > 2 and generate new growth potential. However, research on regional synergy and economic growth is very rare. Here, we developed a theoretical framework of regional synergy and economic growth and then overcame the efficiency-added calculation issue to measure the synergy between every two cities among 285 cities (40,470 city–city units) in China. Further, the effects of regional synergy on economic growth are tested. The total effect tests whether regional synergy could promote the overall economic growth, and the regional effect tests whether regional synergy could promote the economic growth of each subregion. The results show that regional synergy can significantly promote overall economic growth, but only the cities in the developed eastern region could benefit from synergy. The mechanism test shows that regional synergy acts on economic growth through interregional resource flow. Regional synergy promotes the economic growth of cities with resource inflow, while it curbs the economic growth of cities with resource outflow.
Work productivity in patients with Behçet disease and its association with disease activity and quality of life
Authors: Atas Nuh , Varan Ozkan , Babaoglu Hakan , Satis Hasan , Bilici Salman Reyhan , Celik Bulent , Tufan Abdurrahman , Haznedaroglu Seminur , Goker Berna , Ozturk Mehmet Akif
Published: March 2019

Introduction

Behçet disease is a chronic vasculitis that generally affects young adults in the most productive period of their life. The purpose of this study is to evaluate patients’ work productivity and daily activity impairment, and their relationship with disease activity and quality of life.

Method

In this study, 55 patients with Behçet disease who are currently working and 50 healthy controls were included. To evaluate quality of life, a 36-item short form health survey was used. For the evaluation of Behçet disease activity and work productivity, the Behçet Disease Current Activity Form and Work Productivity and Activity Impairment questionnaire were used, respectively. Quality of life and work productivity between patients and healthy controls were compared.

Results

Scores of all domains of the health survey were significantly worse in patients with Behçet disease (range, p = 0.006 to p < 0.001). The mean Work Productivity and Activity Impairment absenteeism, presenteeism and activity impairment scores were higher in patients with Behçet disease ( p = 0.005, p < 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively). There was a significant correlation between Behçet Disease Current Activity Form score and absenteeism ( r = 0.32, p = 0.016). Moreover, there was significant correlation between Work Productivity and Activity Impairment and most domains of the health survey (range, r = −0.27 to –0.64, range, p = 0.047 to p < 0.001).

Conclusion

Our results showed remarkable impairment in work productivity and health-related quality of life in Behçet disease. There is a strong correlation between work productivity and quality of life. To improve work productivity, more effective therapeutic approaches and improvements in working conditions should be provided.
Reflections on the Life and Career of Émigré German-Canadian Psychiatrist Sebastian Klaus Littmann (1931-1986)
Authors: Stahnisch Frank W. , Hunt Benjamin W. , Pow Stephen
Published: March 2019

Objective:

This article explores the life and career of Sebastian K. Littmann. He was a foundational figure of the University of Calgary’s Department of Psychiatry in his role as its second chair and, before this, as an influential administrator at Toronto’s Queen Street Mental Health Centre and Clarke Institute during a transitional period in the 1970s-1980s. According to McGill University’s Heinz Lehmann, this transitional period was when the field of psychiatry underwent an identity crisis that threatened to dissolve the discipline and see its functions increasingly filled by counsellors, neurologists, and primary physicians. Littmann’s professional background and training in Edinburgh was followed by periods of community work in New York, which—by the time he immigrated to Canada—predisposed him to favour a humane and community-based approach to psychiatric work; this approach encompassed the cultural variations that were increasingly characterizing North America’s urban social landscape. His compassionate and progressive approach to treatment was remarkable in light of his troubled and deprived upbringing in Nazi-era Germany.

Conclusions:

The present sketch of Littmann’s personal and professional biography serves to highlight the ways that major historical events and large-scale migration movements, which affected Central Europe, impacted the development of Canadian psychiatry and, by extension, individual Canadians in the twentieth century.
Management of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in the ICU
Authors: Torbic Heather
Published: March 2019

Patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) who are admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) pose a challenge to the multidisciplinary health-care team due to the complexity of the pathophysiology of their disease state and the medication considerations that must be made to appropriately manage them. PAH is a progressive disease with the majority of patients ultimately dying as a result of right ventricular (RV) failure. During an acute decompensation, patients must be appropriately managed to optimize volume status, RV function, cardiac output, and systemic perfusion, while treating the underlying cause of the exacerbation. During times of critical illness, the ability to administer medications approved for use in PAH can be impacted by end-organ damage, hemodynamic instability, new drug interactions, or available dosage forms. Balancing the multimodal treatment approach needed to manage an acute exacerbation and the pharmacokinetic and administration concerns impacting baseline PAH therapy as a result of critical illness requires an expert multiprofessional PAH team. The purpose of this review is to evaluate specific management considerations for critically ill patients with PAH in the ICU.