bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The first leader of the Katerynoslav nobility K. Lalosh
Authors: Posunko Olha M.
Published: December 2020

The article is devoted to the court cases of the family of the first (1784–1787) leader of the Katerynoslav nobility Kostyantyn Lalosh. In current researches there is only brief information about his military career and mention of his presence in the regional administration in the 1780s (N. Surieva, L. Tsiganenko). The research is carried out in the context of social history. Such methods as prosopography, biography were applied. The main focus is on the documents of the trial at the Ekaterinoslav chancery court in 1792. The dispute was around the inheritance of Lalosh’s deceased wife, Marfa. Two sides of the conflict were her son from the first marriage, Alexander Ostrogradsky, and from the second marriage – Nikolai Lalosh. The interests of the latter were represented by his father. The materials illustrate the plots of social, everyday history of the region, give a description of the historical and legal traditions of the Left Bank and Southern Ukraine in the last quarter of the XVIII century. In particular, they demonstrate the effect of debt securities legislation, inheritance legislation, marriage and family legislation. Mention is made about the members of the well-known families of the Hetmanate the Lalosh’s wife Marfa was connected to: the Ostrogradsky, the Pikovtsy, the Lizozuby. The case includes the unique documents: the copies of private letters, registers of family expenses and purchases. In addition to this, other cases from other judicial institutions such as the Yekaterinoslav Viceroy’s Board, where K. Lalosch tried to solve the problem of debt, property, inheritance were involved. Documents appeal to Russian imperial legislation, the norms of the III Lithuanian Statute, which continued to exist on the territory of the former Hetmanate. K. Lalosh appealed in his lawsuits to the so-called "Little Russian law", and being of Serbian origin, Russian military personnel. The following legal concepts are mentioned as "materyzna" (mother’s inheritance), "vino" (daughter’s dowry from family property), etc. All this attests to the developed and complex institute of inheritance on the territory of the Left Bank Ukraine, where Lalosh’s wife came from. Family lawsuits illustrate the process of incorporation of the nobility of the Left Bank, Southern Ukraine into the society of the Russian Empire. This happened not only through the service, privileges from the state, but also through satisfaction of property interests, unification of legal institutions. The article substantially complements the data on the first leader of the Katerynoslav nobility and his descendants.
Diplomatic Activity of the People’s Republic of Bulgaria in Ukraine on the basis of the Central State Archives of Public Organizations of Ukraine (TsDAGO)
Authors: Kakovkina Olga M.
Published: December 2020

The article deals with the diplomatic activities of the People's Republic of Bulgaria (PRB) in the Soviet Ukraine on the basis of materials from the Central State Archive of Public Organizations of Ukraine (TsDAGO). These are documents of the secret part of the general department of the foundation of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Ukraine. The chronological scope of the study was from 1944 to 1989, from the establishment of diplomatic relations between the USSR and Bulgaria after the 1944 Bulgarian coup d’etat until the democratization of the Bulgarian state and society began. The development of Bulgarian-Soviet diplomatic relations, their activity and peculiarities were condi tioned by the subordinate status of Bulgaria, the formation of Moscow’s directive diplomacy, and the high intensity of economic and other ties. Particular attention in them belonged to Ukraine, which became the field of activity of Bulgarian diplomats. Before the opening of the consulates, the coordination of diplomatic activities in Ukraine was conducted from the embassy in Moscow. In 1965, the first Consulate General of Bulgaria was opened in Odessa; in 1971 – in Kiev, which had features – the Consulate General in Odessa was focused on economic issues, the Consulate General in Kiev – the problems of political and international importance. The author shows that the documents of the archive reveal the functional aspects of consulates, as well as their composition, characteristics of Bulgarian diplomats, everyday life, problems of stay and work. The documents include the personalities of some of the general consuls like S. Ralev, N. Minkov, K. Evtimov, I. Radonov. An important feature of the diplomatic activity of the Bulgarian diplomatic missions was their complete control of the Party centers of the USSR and the People’s Republic of Bulgaria. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine in these conditions was the executor of the tasks of the Central Committee of the Communist Party, the Central Committee of the CPSU, the translator of their position, the informer, while performing traditional functions within the framework of international diplomatic law. The most meaningful for the characteristics of the Soviet/Ukrainian-Bulgarian relations are the conversations with the consuls of Bulgaria, which testify to the dependent position of the country. At the same time, the Bulgarian diplomats were trustees who reported on relations in the consular corps of Kiev, the political views of diplomats, especially criticism of the USSR. The author comes to the conclusion that the diplomatic missions of the People’s Republic of Bulgaria in Ukraine were part of a fairly well-established system of Soviet-Bulgarian relations in general, the study of which continues.
Archaeological exploration in the Dnipropetrovsk region in 2017
Authors: Marina Zoia` P. , Romashko Olexandra V.
Published: December 2020

Materials of archaeological exploration of monuments without land characteristics in the territory of Dnipropetrovsk region in 2017 are reported. The work is conditioned by the necessity to establish the safety of archaeological objects that have already been registered by the Dnipropetrovsk Regional Center for the Protection of the Historical and Cultural Values and which have recently been revealed. The settlement near the village Vilne of Novomoskovsk was explored in 2005. It occupies the natural cape of the right bank of the Samara river. It is located 1 km to the NE from the village outskirts. The area of the settlement is limited to two sources of drinking water. In the central part of the cape there are four pits. Stratigraphy is established, the thickness of the cultural layer is 0,8–0,9 m. The area of the monument is 50 x 20 m. The artifacts are represented by fragments dishes of clay: walls, bottoms and top part of vessels. The dishes are ornamented with rollers, drawn lines, embossed lines. The numerous bones found belong to large and small cattle and a horse. There are pieces of slag. All matherials refer to the Boguslav-Belozersk culture of the Late Bronze Age. In the Sinelnikovo District, a settlement near the village Zaporozhets near Sinelnikovo was investigated. It was discovered by the work of the DniproHES expedition of the Institute of Archeology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine in the late 1920s. Territorially occupies part of the cape of the left bank of the river Dnepr from the village. Not digging. As a result of the survey of the monument in the 1970s, A. V. Bodiansky and L. P. Krylova collected numerous artifacts that reflect the destruction of the cultural layer. The pits laid in 2017 by the Dnipropetrovsk National University on the area of the settlement testify to its further destruction as a result of the natural factor (flooding of the Dnieper river) and active anthropogenic activity of the last decades. The cultural layer with thickness up to 0.4 m is poorly saturated with finds. Archaeological materials include single fragments of ceramics with a glossy Saltov-type surface and animals bones. The carried out researches testify to the preservation of only the peripheral part of the object, which chronologically and culturally represents the Late Slavonian period in the history of the ancient population of Nadporozhye.
Traumatism and the problems of safety norms in student construction brigades of Kharkiv region: historical context
Authors: Malynina Tetiana
Published: December 2020

The purpose of the article is to reveal the issue of creating the safety system in the student building units (henceforth SBU) of the Kharkiv region and analyze the effects of the safety rules violation as for the housing conditions and the organization of the work of the students. To make an objective research and a comprehensive analysis, the following methods of research are used: the retrospective (historical and genetic) and the historical and comparative. An application of the oral and historical method of investigation is an important factor for the suggested issue researching as in the soviet period, the facts presented in the mass media and documents had an ideological embodiment and keeping facts secret, making misrepresentations and falsifications were afforded. Therefore, the method of interviewing and taking notes of the evidence of the work semesters’ members plays an important role in the research as it gives an opportunity to reconstruct an all-round and detailed picture of the mentioned events. The main results. The main stages of creating a clear organizational work in compliance with the safety rules in the SBU and the consequences of the violations that resulted in injuries and even fatal outcomes are analyzed. It is noted that such cases, as a rule, were kept secret. The summary. Using the example of the SBU of the Kharkiv region, the reasons for violating the safety rules by the students are investigated. Among the main reasons, a lack of proper living conditions for the students, a failure of the contracting enterprises to comply with the agreement to prepare construction sites and guarantee safe working conditions for the SBU fighters are distinguished. Practical value. As youth working units are being revived at the higher educational establishments a further research of the issue is becoming urgent lately. The perspective of a special research is studying the issue of the medical service organization of the fighters of the student construction units as well as participation of foreign students in the movement of student building units. The originality. Archival documents are analyzed and concrete facts of the safety rules violation by the students are revealed. The scientific value. As the result of the research, the main reasons of the safety rules violation are identified, namely, a negligence of the administration of the enterprises to comply with the agreement between the SBU and the enterprise and provide safe conditions of housing and working on the construction sites, improper transportation of the students, violation of the statute of the student building units and violation of the “dry law”. The type of the article: descriptive.
Establishment of public and administration education in Ukraine (the 90’s of the 20th century)
Authors: Borodin Yevhenii
Published: December 2020

The aim of the article was defined as the process of implementation of public and administration education in Ukraine after state independence gaining. Methods.The research was carried out on the basis of application of interdisciplinary approach with the use of historical-genetic, problematic-chronological, comparative, systemic- functional methods and periodization method. Main results of the research enable to reconstruct the events of the early nineties of the twentieth century in the field of training of personnel for public administration sector. The article makes the case that the process of establishment of public and administration education started in the beginning of the year 1992 and provided the training of the first professionals in 1993. The application of the institutional approach became the special aspect of the activity of the government authorities in the specified sector. This approach was implemented by the means of establishment of higher educational institution for professional training of public servants and local self-government officials without preliminary definition of the specialty “Public administration” in the list of specialties approved by the government. Establishment of public and administration education was carried out due to activity of the Institute of Public Administration and Self-Government under the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine which existed in the 1992–1995. As a result, the national model of training of professionals for public sector was created with the use of the best experience of European democracies (in particular, France) and certain approaches of Soviet era (inclusion of institution for training of the officials into the chain of higher education institutions). The original training programs were created at the Institute of Public Administration and Self-Government under the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine in consultation with national and foreign professionals. Moreover, the innovation network of training unit was developed; the practical training of students in Ukraine and abroad was implemented. The main results lie in the fact that the process of implementation of public and administration education was duly prepared; it took into account the available possibilities; it occurred under the influence of international experience. The publication has the original nature; it was prepared on the basis of wide use of primary sources. The scientific novelty consists in address to poorly explored issue and application of author’s interpretation of the available historical facts. Practical meaning is determined by the possibility of reference to the detailed analysis of the roots of system of training and additional training of the public sector personnel by the professionals in the field of public and administration education. Type of the article. The article has the review nature; it covers the conceptual approaches and practical experience of public authorities of Ukraine.
The state policy against counterfeiting in the Russian Empire in the 19th and the beginning of the 20th centuries
Authors: Kotsur Viktor , Boiko-Haharin Andrii
Published: December 2020

The purpose of the article is the analysis of the main parts of the state protecting politics over the process of the coins and banknotes counterfeiting in Russian Empire. Research methods: analytical, synthetic, logical, retrospective, mathematical and illustrative. Main results. The article reveals the processes of coins and banknote counterfeiting in the Russian Empire referred to the material from state historical archives, official government laws and pre-Soviet periodicals (newspapers). The authors paid main attention to the question of state policy against money counterfeiting that includes legislative analyses of that time, in particular Conclusion of Criminal Punishment and Penitentiary, issues of 1845s and 1866s, Monetary Statute, issue of 1857 as well as nominal imperial edicts, regulations and manifestos of Senate as to forgery counteractions and coins protection, published in Complete Edition of Collected Laws in the Russian Empire. Practical significance. The material presented in the article will allow a thorough analysis of the aspect of counterfeiting money in Ukraine in the imperial period. Originality. The corpus of analyzed sources allowed us to form conclusions as to efficiency state in fighting politics against money forgery in Russian Empire in the 19th and the beginning of 20th century. The perspective of the further research we see in the widening of sources base that will help us to conduct deeper aspect analyses on money forgery in Ukraine as part of Russian Empire. Scientific novelty. The basic constituents of public policy are considered in relation to a fight against forgery counteractions, which is population informing of imitations appearance with the list of their signs; implementation of investigation features based upon population encouragement to the malefactors’ exposure; state expert assessment implementation of suspicious and forged money extracted during the investigation; legal procedure and punishment for committed crimes in money and banknotes counterfeiting; in investigation cases of State Archives Fund some unknown before facts within state fight against money counterfeiting have been found and a new stamp on physical evidence has been implemented into the scientific circulation, the absence reasons for money and loan-bills forgery in the Fund of State Museums have been estimated. The research is based upon unknown sources, most of which have been implemented into the scientific circulation for the first time. Analyses of legislative system of that time against money forgery, peculiarities of investigation, trial and sentence helped us to find out some misconceptions in factual decisions from those, fixed in laws and layouts. Article type: analytical.
Social conflicts in Ukraine XIX century in historiography and sources
Authors: Lytvynova Tetiana
Published: December 2020

The aim of the article was to identify the historiographic tradition of highlighting social conflicts in Ukrainian society of the nineteenth century. Using the methods of historiographic analysis and synthesis made it possible to ascertain that in modern Ukrainian historica science the modern period is still considered mainly from the perspective of the concept of Ukrainian national revival, while the specifics of social processes continue to be reproduced at the level of historiography of the ХIX–ХХ centuries. The main result was the consideration of several persistent historiographic myths that explain the relationship between noble landlords and serfs exclusively in the categories of class struggle. The desire to perceive and reconstruct peasant-noble relations only from such an angle of view precluded the factor of chance in these conflicts, their criminal component. Scientific novelty is determined by the fact that on the basis of archival sources an attempt has been made to show the vulnerability of such a perception of landowner-peasant interaction, the variety of causes and motives of social conflicts. It is argued that popular protests were not directly related to the deterioration of the situation of peasants, but were the result, first of all, of a sharp change in their legal and social status. It is noted that in the historiography of the New History of Ukraine the problem of intraclass conflicts was not even posed. This applies to all social groups, which in Ukrainian historiography are shown as extremely consolidated communities. Attention is drawn to the fact that historians often demonstrate a selective approach to sources, leaving behind the scenes episodes of friendly, solidary relations between landowners and peasants, frequent cases of a breakdown of mutual consent, refusal of peasants to be released, and examples of mutual assistance. The conclusion and practical significance of the study is that modern approaches in historical science require abandoning the extremes in interpreting the social history of Ukraine. It is necessary to pay attention to the reconstruction of the social situation, taking into account the specifics of the relationship between all participants in the agrarian process in the prereform Ukrainian village, to take into account a wide range of social relationships, the essence of conflicts and the circumstances of their occurrence. Type of article: analytical.
Soviet statistics as a historical source
Authors: Kravchenko Yevhen
Published: December 2020

The main purpose of the article is to identify capabilities of soviet statistics as a historical source. Basic information on this type of historical sources is represented. The article is concerned with a significant tradition of the soviet society studying. Research methods: comparative, logical, historical, analysis and synthesis, systematic, historical-genetic, method of historiographical image. Main results. The article describes a large toolkit for working with statistics: mathematical correction of censuses, research on falsifications and political pressure. A number of themes are considered including soviet statistics as mass historical source. The article reports on relevance and accessibility of soviet statistics nowadays. Concise conclusions. Ukrainian and foreign historians have created a large number of conceptual reviews of Soviet statistics. The author outlines some classification types of soviet statistics. It is specially noted on little-known aspects of soviet sources studying. Special attention is given to the verification of statistics of the USSR for authenticity and representativeness. Internet sites with open access to soviet statistics are considered. The paper studies leading concepts about changing the accounting of economic and demographic indicators of Soviet Union. Stalin era is described as main factor in the development of soviet statistics. The article reveals this concept and scrutinize it critique in historiography. Practical significance: recommended for use by authors of articles about the economic and the population history. Originality: the practical experience of scientific research and reference materials devoted to the features of statistical (mass) sources is generalized. Scientific novelty: the first of proposed the image of development soviet statistics with source problems in historiography. The formation of central and local statistic bodies in Ukrainian and foreign studies is described. The article reveals the main statistic sources and scrutinize their critique in historiography. Article type: descriptive.
Student Academic Union of Kyiv Commercial Institute of the beginning at the 20th century
Authors: Chutkyi Аndrii
Published: December 2020

The aim of the article is to explore the reasons and the essence of pro-government sympathies in the student surrounding in the Ukrainian lands at the beginning of the 20th century, when they were a part of the Russian Empire. The article is based on the analysis of the statute and biographies of the members of the student Academic Union in Kyiv Commercial Institute; to identify factual material to supplement the reconstruction of the history of students in Ukraine in the early XX century, in particular the daily life of students and their corporate consciousness. Research methods are synthesis of general scientific (analysis, objectivity, synthesis, generalization) and special scientific (historical-genetic, historical-systemic, comparative, prosopographical) methods. The main result is the introduction of a set of archival documents related to the student Academic Union and its members to the scientific circulation. This allowed to characterize the representatives of the youth of that time, who were included into the academic movement, and to analyze their paths in the student years. In particular, it was found that representatives of the titular ethnic group of the empire were mainly included into the academic movements. But other nationalities, who were active, also were involved in it. The vast majority of participants of the academic movement were characterized as those who had high ambitions and unsatisfactory financial situation. Accordingly, they joined this movement with purely pragmatic purpose, and it was testified by the circumstances of World War I, when the vast majority of such individuals used all possibilities to avoid mobilization. This discrepancy between the number and the real percentage of sincere adherents of the imperial power in pro-government organizations in general partly explains the latter's inflated calculations on the impossibility of the emergence of powerful internal protest movements. The other reason is ignoring the thought of the masses by the Russian Empire government. The practical importance is to create a scheme for further research of pro-government movements in modern Ukraine. Also, it can help to develop approaches to detect appropriate manipulations in information space and fight with them effectively. The originality is due to the intensification of the theme of the fifth column in national history. The type of article is empirical.
Women of Southern Ukraine in the peasant uprisings of the first third of the 20th century
Authors: Kotlyar Yuriy
Published: December 2020

The purpose of the article is to show the participation of Ukrainian women in the peasant rebel movement in the South of Ukraine. Methods of research: ideographic, historical-typological and historical-comparative. Main results. The women’s movement, which manifested itself with particular force in the critical periods of history – the Ukrainian Revolution, the removal of church values and collectivization should be considered as a significant part of the South-Ukrainian rebellion. For the past years, the role of women in rebel movement of peasants has not been a subject of a separate historical study. Only in recent years, the activities of women in the times of Atamanschyna and the confrontation of various authorities in Ukraine has attracted the attention of historians. The article attempts to consider a gender aspect of insurgent movement of Southern Ukraine population. The more tragic the situation in Ukraine was, the more women participated in armed struggle, in particular, in the ranks of peasant insurgent detachments. Revolutionary uprisings took place mainly in the period of the Ukrainian Revolution. They were supported by women having an active life position. It is important to study the life of six “Marusya atamans”: Marusya Sokolovska, “Black Marusya”, Maria Kosova, “Bloody Maria”, Maria Tarasenko, Marusya (Maria Nikiforova).The religious women’s uprisings took place in Mykolayiv region in the spring of 1922 during the requisition of church values, when women resisted their carrying off in Otbedo-Vasylivska volost. The “Case” of Barmashova had the greatest resonance which was transformed from criminal to political one. In the South of Ukraine, the most famous female riots in 1929 took place in Birzulsky district of Odessa Oblast (Region). The problems of women in the Makhno insurgent movement requires a special study. It is important because, for example, the fate of G. Kuzmenko (the wife of N. Makhno) is learned to a greater or lesser extent, but the activity of other women is covered superficially. The author believes that the study of the rebel movement active participants’ biographies, involving the methods of other sciences, psychology in particular, is a prospective one. Originality: unpublished eyewitness testimonies from the Personal Archives of the Priest Rak Valentin of Church of the Nativity of Christ, Vasilivka village’as well as materials from the Central State Archives of Public Associations of Ukraine and the State Archives of Mykolayiv Oblast (Region) are used. Scientific novelty: the typology of women’s uprisings in the South of Ukraine is proposed for the first time – revolutionary, religious and women’s riots. Type of the article: descriptive-analytical.
The eviction of Polish and German population from the border regions of the Ukrainian SSR to the Kazakh SSR in 1935–1936
Authors: Rozovyk Olesya
Published: December 2020

The aim of the article is to reveal the process of forced eviction of the Polish and German population from the border regions of the Ukrainian SSR to the Kazakh Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (since 1936 – the Kazakh SSR) in the period of 1935–1936 based on the analysis of little-known documents stored in the archives of the Security Service of Ukraine. The research methodology is based on historical and scientific principles, as well as the use of historical-genetic, problem-chronological and comparative methods. Results. In 1935–1936, the Soviet government pursued a policy of forced eviction of residents from the territories near the western border of the Ukrainian SSR. The border areas were under the supervision of the military command of the republic at that time. In the early 1930s the border began to be actively fortified, and the border area of 7,5 km was defined as esplanade (that is, a territory between military or fortified objects and settlements). According to the Soviet leadership, it was necessary to evict the local population from this territory, including Polish and German people. Residents of the western regions of the Ukrainian SSR came under special attention of the NKVD, who for the most part had a negative attitude towards the Soviet regime. Besides, they had relatives abroad, and in the case of a future armed conflict with neighboring countries, they could support foreign troops. There were 178 such settlements. They were home to 4 232 Polish and 1 357 German families with a total number of more than 27 000 people. But subsequently, the total number of planned migrants increased to 15 000 families, which amounted to 70 000 people. Due to the fact that all vacant lands in the southeastern regions of the republic were settled in the 1920s, it was planned to move the named number of Polish and German families mainly to Kazakhstan. Conclusions. In 1935–1936, the NKVD officers evicted not only the Ukrainian population, but also residents of Polish and German national regions. In 1936, more than 74 000 people were resettled from Vinnytsa, Kyiv and Odesa regions to the Kazakh SSR. Thus, forced eviction of population from the border areas became a continuation of the Soviet regime’s repressive policy as a means of overcoming the protest movements of the inhabitants of the Ukrainian SSR. Practical value. The results of the study outline a range of little-studied problems that can be investigated in the future with declassification of new documents of this period; the information presented in the article can be used in the development of educational programs. Originality. The study is based on little-known documents stored in the archives of the Security Service of Ukraine. Scientific novelty. The article supplements historical research on the national and repressive policies of the Soviet regime, which makes it topical and fills in the gaps in historical data on forced evictions of the mid-1930s. Article type: empirical.
Support of the Afghan Resistance Movement by the Administration of US President J. Carter (1978–1980)
Authors: Kovalkov Oleksandr
Published: December 2020

The aim of the article is to investigate, on the basis of American sources, the forms and means of support provided by the United States of America (both unilateral and mediated by the Allies) to the Afghan Resistance Movement in 1978–1980, as well as the factors that influenced the nature of that support. At the core of the research methodology is the method of a content analysis of historical sources, problem-chronological, typological and comparative methods. Main results and conclusions. The US support for the Afghan opposition from 1978 to 1980 in the USSR was exaggerated and became only an excuse used to justify the Soviet intervention in the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan. From April 1978 to December 1979, Carter Administration limited itself to an information campaign and to providing non-military assistance to the Afghan insurgents. This support included medicines, food rations, communications equipment, etc. It was not until the early 1980s that the United States developed the Hidden Action Program with a budget of $ 30 million which provided the Mujahideen with Soviet-made small arms, anti-tank and anti-aircraft weapons. Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, China and Egypt had been involved in the implementation of the Program. However, the volume of military assistance as well as the quality of the weapons could not significantly increase the Mujahideen’s combat capability. The military and technical superiority of the Soviet and Afghan troops remained significant. The US politicians, analysts as well as the Mujahideen field commanders noted insufficiency and lack and effectiveness of the US aid. However, the Carter Administration had managed to forge contacts with the Afghan opposition, to form a coalition of states around the Hidden Action Program, to develop and test ways to acquire weapons and their delivery routes to Pakistan and beyond to Afghanistan. This experience would later be taken into account and used by the R. Reagan Administration. In addition, the US support had a positive effect on the moral and psychological state of the Afghan insurgents. Practical significance. The main conclusions and factual material can be used to study the Afghan crisis as part of the Cold War. Originality. The US policy regarding the Afghan Resistance Movement is examined against the backdrop of deteriorating Soviet-American relations in connection with the Soviet intervention in Afghanistan. Scientific novelty. The ways and forms of the US support for the Afghan Resistance Movement at the initial stage of the Afghan crisis are specified for the first time. Type of article: descriptive.
Culinary traditions as key elements of cultural, educational and linguistic heritage transfer within the Israeli Hungarian community
Authors: Vadász Viola
Published: December 2020

This research was carried out in the framework of a larger qualitative study within the Hungarian community in Israel. The original aim was to identify and describe the appearance of the Hungarian language in the Israeli linguistic landscape. However, in the meantime, it became very clear that the existence and characteristics of the Hungarian community and the language they use is strongly connected to food and its position in the ancestral heritage. From that point, we aimed to show what it means to be Hungarian in Israel when it comes to cuisine and food as well as how culinary traditions relate to education and heritage transfer. Semi-structured interviews, biographical narrative interviews and participant observation as research methods shaped the complete picture we received. As the results show, few new initiations are slowly entering the canon of Hungarian-Israeli culinary traditions, but mostly it stands on its traditional feet. Wider communication, increased civic and youth awareness and reinforced gastronomic culture could promote new concepts and interest of younger people being interest in learning their culture and language of origin, and the related traditions.
Interference in Translation and Simultaneous Interpreting from Italian into English. An Intermodal Analysis of English Genitives in the European Parliament Interpreting Corpus
Authors: Lobascio Marco
Published: December 2020

This article illustrates an intermodal study on simultaneous interpreting and translation from Italian into English based primarily on the European Parliament Interpreting Corpus (EPIC) and ofﬁcial translations from the European Parliament. In line with Gideon Toury’s posited law of interference, the hypothesis that drives the present study is that interpreters and translators working into English from Italian may underrepresent the ’s-genitive as a result of the syntactic asymmetry between English (which alternates between ’s and of) and Italian (which only has one type of prepositional phrase consisting of di + noun). The results of this study indicate that ’s-genitives occur with lower frequency in interpreted English than in non-mediated English, thus revealing a particular form of syntactic interference. The same tendency, however, is not found in translations from Italian into English. This difference is explained by recourse to Englund Dimitrova’s (2005) ﬁndings on translation expertise and to the literal translation hypothesis (Chesterman 2011) and by suggesting that simultaneous interpreting tends to adhere to the source-language syntax more closely than translation, thus displaying similarities with translation drafts. The results also point to the theoretical and methodological limitations of the théorie du sens developed by the Paris School of Interpreters and Translators.
Gambling disorder is associated with reduced sensitivity to expected value during risky choice
Authors: Limbrick-Oldfield Eve H. , Cherkasova Mariya V. , Kennedy Dawn , Goshko Caylee-Britt , Griffin Dale , Barton Jason J.S. , Clark Luke
Published: December 2020

Background and aims

Individuals with gambling disorder display increased levels of risk-taking, but it is not known if it is associated with an altered subjective valuation of gains and/or losses, perception of their probabilities, or integration of these sources of information into expected value.

Methods

Participants with gambling disorder (n = 48) were compared with a healthy comparison group (n = 35) on a two-choice lottery task that involved either gains-only or losses-only gambles. On each trial, two lotteries were displayed, showing the associated probability and magnitude of the possible outcome for each. On each trial, participants chose one of the two lotteries, and the outcome was revealed.

Results

Choice behaviour was highly sensitive to the expected value of the two gambles in both the gain and loss domains. This sensitivity to expected value was attenuated in the group with gambling disorder. The group with gambling disorder used both probability and magnitude information less, and this impairment was greater for probability information. By contrast, they used prior feedback (win vs loss) to inform their next choice, despite the independence of each trial. Within the gambling disorder group, problem gambling severity and trait gambling-related cognitions independently predicted reduced sensitivity to expected value. The majority of observed effects were consistent across both gain and loss domains.

Discussion and Conclusions

Our results provide a thorough characterization of decision processes in gain and loss domains in gambling disorder, and place these problems in the context of theoretical constructs from behavioural economics.
“SON ÇAĞRI KUR’AN” İSİMLİ MEALİN ÇEVİRİBİLİM AÇISINDAN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: TOPYAY Yusuf , ETHEM Mürsel
Published: December 2020

Arapça kelime anlamı itibariyle; bir şeyin varacağı yer ve gaye anlamına gelen meal, ıstılahta ise; Kur’an’ın kaynak dilden hedef dile yaklaşık aktarımı anlamına gelir. Kur’an’ın anlamına Arapça olarak erişme imkânı bulamayan kimselerin Allah’ın mesajı ile buluşmalarının en önemli yollarından biridir meal. Dolayısıyla meal yazarının amacı ve görevi muradı ilahiyi insanlara doğru bir şekilde ulaştırmak olmalıdır. Böylesine hassas ve önemli bir konuda sorumluluk üstlenen yazar ilk önce kendisinin bu işin altından kalkabilecek nitelikte olup olmadığını kendi iç dünyasında müzakere edip tartmalı, şayet kendisini bu alanda yeterli görüyorsa bıkmadan, usanmadan bu sorumluluğun gereğini bihakkın yerine getirmeye çalışmalıdır. Biz bu çalışmamızda Salih Akdemir’in Son Çağrı Kur’an isimli mealinin tahlilini yapacağız.
İSLÂMLAŞMA SÜRECİNDE TÜRK HALK KÜLTÜRÜNDE CARİYELİK
Authors: YÜREKLİ Tülay
Published: December 2020

Kölelik/câriyelik insanlık tarihi kadar eski olup yerleşik kültürlerin bir ürünüdür. Türklerde konar-göçer bozkır hayatının şartları bu türden oluşumların kurumsal özellikler kazanmasına müsaade etmemiştir. Bununla birlikte, kadın veya erkek esirlerden istifade mecburiyeti esirlerin ticaretini ve bir şekilde istihdamını gerektirmiştir. İslamlaşma sürecinde Türkistan en mühim köle ticaretinin yapıldığı yerlerden olmuştur. Bu işi Samaniler üstlenmiştir. Türk kadın köleler/cariyeler güzellikleri nedeniyle çokça talep görmüştür. Türk kadınlarının güzellikleri Dede Korkut ve Şehname’ye yansımış, dönemin seyyahları tarafından da onanmıştır. Söz konusu dönemde Türkler, cariye, hizmetçi ve odalık manasında Türkçe ve Çinceden dillerine geçen farklı kelimeler kullanmıştır. Kaşgarlı Mahmud bu kelimeleri kaydetmiştir. Kadın köleler/cariyeler aile hayatında umumiyetle hizmet erbabı kadınları temsil etmiştir. Cariyeler, sahiplerinin isteği doğrultusunda, evlenme, azad edilme gibi bir takım fırsatlardan mahrum bırakılmamıştır. Bu çalışmada amacımız, İslâmlaşma sürecinde Türk halk kültüründe câriyeliğin ve cariyelerin ne ifade ettiğini, halk tarafından nasıl algılandığını ve câriyelerle ilgili birtakım kültürel pratikleri değerlendirerek ortaya koymaktır.
MİRYAM PEYGAMBERİN KİMLİĞİ ÜZERİNE BİR DEĞERLENDİRME
Authors: ALTINEL Tolga Savaş
Published: December 2020

Geleneksel bir bakış açısıyla İsrailoğullarının Tevrat’taki ilk kadın peygamberi olan Miryam, Harun ve Musa’nın kız kardeşi olup Mısır’dan çıkışın önemli figürlerinden biridir. Ancak eleştirel ve farklı bakış açısından Miryam ile ilgili kutsal kitap ve midraşlardaki anlatılara bakıldığında onun üç farklı portreye sahip olduğu görülmektedir. İlk portre, sepet içinde suya bırakılan Musa’yı uzaktan seyreden ve ismi belirtilmeyen abladır. İkinci tasvirde o, Mısır’dan çıkış esnasında Harun’un kız kardeşi peygamber Miryam olarak betimlenmektedir. Bu tasvir daha yakından incelendiğinde Mısır’dan çıkışta dilinde ezgisi, elinde tefi ile dans ederek İsrailoğullarına liderlik eden Miryam’ın, peygamber olmaktan ziyade Mısır’dan izler taşıyan rahibe olmaya daha yakın durduğu görülmektedir. Nitekim Miryam’ı bir rahibe olarak görmek Cüzzamlı Miryam kıssasını daha anlaşılır kıldığı gibi onun fiziki kusurla cezalandırılması Mısır’daki bir rahibenin görevden uzaklaştırılmasıyla uyumluluk arz etmektedir. Rabbani literatür başta olmak üzere Yahudi geleneğinin Miryam algısı ise ona üçüncü bir portre kazandırmaktadır. Midraş literatürün Miryam portresi, ölümünden hemen önce Tevrat’ın ondan aldığı saygınlığı iade çerçevesinde olup, onu diğer önemli anneler arasında görmek üzerine kuruludur.
Infectious-immune pericarditis: clinical assessment, diagnostics, and differentiated baseline therapy with hydroxychloroquine
Authors: Blagova O. V. , Sorokin G. Yu. , Sedov V. P. , Kogan E. A. , Sarkisova N. D. , Nedostup A. V.
Published: December 2020

Aim. To study the clinical spectrum of infectious-immune pericarditis, the potential for their invasive and non-invasive diagnosis, as well as long-term treatment with hydroxychloroquine (in comparison with other baseline therapy options).Material and methods. The study included 44 patients with infectious-immune pericarditis (28 women and 16 men aged 49,4±13,3 years). Patients with transudate and specific types of pericarditis were excluded. Levels of C-reactive protein and anticardiac antibodies were determined Multislice computed tomography of the lung (n=23) and heart (n=16), cardiac magnetic resistance tomography (n=9), scintigraphy (n=14), and if necessary — immunoelectrophoresis, DNA testing, Diaskin-test. Pericardio- and thoracentesis were performed in 3/3 patients, thoracoscopic pericardial biopsy — 1, endomyocardial biopsy — 7. The follow-up period was 14,5 [3; 39,5] months.Results. Isolated pericarditis was diagnosed in 10 patients (22,7%), myopericarditis — in 34 (77,3%). In 38 patients, pericarditis was exudative: in 24 (63,2%) with a small effusion (<10 mm), in 10 (26,3%) — with a moderate (11-20 mm), in 4 (10,5%) — with a large (>20 mm). Fibrin was detected in 18,2% of patients. Pericardial effusion was assessed as acute in 4, subacute — in 8, chronic — in 26 patients. The connection between the disease onset and infection was found in 56,8% of patents, and inflammatory blood changes — in 59,1%. In 80%, the punctate was lymphocytic; endomyocardial biopsy confirmed active/ borderline (5/2) lymphocytic myocarditis (virus-positive — in 3 patients). Anticardiac antibody titers were increased in 88,2%. Baseline therapy included NSAIDs (34,1%), colchicine (27,3%), hydroxychloroquine (43,2%), methylprednisolone (56,8%, 16 [16; 21] mg/day), azathioprine (20,5%). The treatment scheme was selected individually. In most cases, combined therapy was carried out. The results of treatment were assessed in 36 patients: an excellent effect was noted in 16 (44,4%) patients, stable effect — in 13 (36,1%), no stable effect — in 7 (19,4%). There were no cases of constrictive pericarditis, acute relapses, cardiac tamponade. Mortality of 6,8% was associated with myocardial injury.Conclusion. Criteria for the diagnosis of infectious-immune pericarditis were proposed. An increase in the titer of anticardiac antibodies was noted in all types of the disease. Prescription of corticosteroids is justified in many cases, including in combination with colchicine, cytostatics, hydroxychloroquine. Hydroxychloroquine monotherapy is effective for subacute/chronic pericarditis with moderate effusion.
Differential diagnosis of acute myocardial injury: a case report and discussion
Authors: Boldueva S. A. , Evdokimov D. S. , Evdokimova L. S. , Khomulo A. D. , Rozhdestvenskaya M. V.
Published: December 2020

The article describes a case report of acute myocardial injury developed against the background of systemic inflammatory response in a patient with chronic tonsillitis exacerbation, who had no signs of coronary artery atherosclerosis and pathological changes according to cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. The differential diagnosis and discussion of the problem of acute non-ischemic myocardial injury are presented.
2020 Clinical practice guidelines for Acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction
Authors: Russian Society of Cardiology (RSC)
Published: December 2020

Endorsed by: Research and Practical Council of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation.
A patient with atrial fibrillation and comorbidities in clinical practice
Authors: Skotnikov A. S. , Algiyan E. A. , Sizova Zh. M.
Published: December 2020

This article focuses on the etiology and pathogenesis of nonvalvular atrial fibrillation in patients with comorbidities such as coronary artery disease, heart failure, type 2 diabetes, and chronic kidney disease. The authors discuss the interconnection of atrial fibrillation and these diseases, and also note the need for protection of such patients (prevention of cardioembolic stroke and other systemic embolism, reduction of coronary risk, improvement of prognosis, slowing the progression of renal dysfunction, increasing medical adherence, etc.) by adequate antithrombotic therapy that does not lose effectiveness and/or safety in presence of multiple diseases and polypharmacy.
The multidisciplinary surgical center team’s response to the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Tanaka Ana Karina Silva da Rocha , Lunardi Liege Segabinazzi , Silva Flávia Giendreuczak da , Gil Liziane Medianeira Calegari Rigon
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: Report on the implementation of assistance protocols in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic developed in the surgical center of a large university hospital in Rio Grande do Sul. Method: Experience report on the implementation of paramentation and deworming assistance protocols by the multidisciplinary surgical center team in the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic, at a large university hospital in Rio Grande do Sul, held between March and April 2020. Results: In the confrontation of the pandemic by the multidisciplinary team of the surgical center, the activities adopted in the development of its action plan were described in two moments. The multiprofessional team carried out educational training on the process of paramentation and deworming as well as the preparation of professionals in the care of the patient COVID-19. Conclusion: With the established routines and a large number of trained professionals, it was possible to observe a better preparation of the multidisciplinary team in face of the needs imposed by the new coronavirus.