bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Traditional vs Digital Supply Chains
Authors: Čolaković Andrijana , Đorđević Anđela , Cvetić Biljana , Danilović Miloš , Vasiljević Dragan
Published: June 2024

This paper thoroughly describes traditional and digital supply chains and their key characteristics. Since digitization has had an impact on every single aspect of human life across the world, it is also transforming traditional into digital supply chains. The research domain is the explana­tion of traditional and digital supply chains and their comparison based on their stated differences. The methodological approach involves a compar­ative analysis of traditional and digital supply chains based on a literature review. The result of the paper is the identification of the specifics of digital supply chains and their importance for the company’s business. The origi­nality of the paper is ensured by a comparative analysis of the characteris­tics of traditional and digital supply chains, which are presented in the form of a table and described in the text. Possible limitations of the paper refer to the availability of relevant literature.
The Role of Social Media in Marketing for Albanian Small Meat Processing Farms: A Comparative Study
Authors: Korriku Belisa , Horska Elena
Published: June 2024

Social media has become an important tool for Albanian farm­ers in the field of marketing, helping them grow their small businesses in various ways. Social media is key to providing transparency and showing consumers how their food is grown and raised. This study aims to investigate the social media and online marketing strat­egies of selected small meat processing farms in Albania. A comparative analysis was carried out on two farms: “Istrefi meat shop” and “Vellezerit Allgjata” Farm. The study used information from the farms’ Instagram page and conducted a benchmarking analysis. The results showed that both farms were successful in reaching their target audience and keeping them engaged. Still, it is suggested that companies should engage more with their followers and share more post information that resonates with customers.
Innovative Teaching and Learning Method Using Information and Communications Technologies
Authors: Rosu Delia , Fratu Mariana
Published: June 2024

The paper provides an overview of digital technology integration in education, from computers to other more advanced forms of Information Technology, through which teachers and students use innovative methods in the educational process The schools and universities use a diverse set of Information and Communications Technologies (ICTs) solutions to commu­nicate, create, store, and manage information in any contexts. ICTs have also become intrinsic to the teaching-learning interaction. In this digital era, ICTs are essential for giving students opportunities to learn and apply the re­quired 21st-century skills. ICTs are essential for teachers in performing their role of maker of pedagogical environments. The advantage of ICTs in edu­cation is that students can learn from extracurricular materials. ICTs devel­op higher-order thinking and reasoning skills. By integrating ICTs into education, students become more interested in learning, thanks to new technologies that make learning amusing and cre­ative, improving learning in many ways. ICTs encourage collaboration when students work as a team and improve communication skills when students discuss and study together. In this paper, one proposes a new teaching-learning methodology based on ICTs. This methodology consists of the transmission in advance to the students of the course support to inform them about the topics to be ad­dressed. At the time provided for the respective lecture, one will present to the students the course support using the video projector, and one will com­ment/analyze the content of the course, bringing clarifications and addi­tions. This educational approach combines digital components on-line with face-to-face learning instruction. With the proposed methodology one can plan such courses to increase motivation, provide more feedback and help students learn on their own. ICTs help the teacher to present his teaching attractively.
Students’ Privacy vs. Improved Learning Experience
Authors: Kuštelega Marija , Mekovec Renata
Published: June 2024

Data-driven technologies have had a significant impact on every sector of the economy. The increased use of these technologies has boost­ed the volume and potential value of data for individuals, corporations, and society. Many universities also gather and analyze data about their students in order to improve the learning experience. In this study, the authors exam­ine how well universities in Croatia uphold fundamental privacy principles. An attempt was made to link ISO/IEC 29100, the GDPR and the Data Act Pro­posal. Six major Croatian universities’ privacy compliance was examined us­ing the multiple case study methodology. The major finding demonstrates that not all universities adhere to privacy standards to the same level, with non-compliance with the data reduction principle being particularly alarm­ing. Because more personal information is released than is required, there is a greater chance that it may be linked to other personal information, en­dangering the student’s privacy.
Unlocking Potential: A Deep Dive into the Funding Landscape of Agtech Start-Ups
Authors: Sulillari Junada
Published: June 2024

This research aimed to identify some critical developments relat­ed to the funding landscape in agtech start-ups. It is exploratory and inter­pretative research based on secondary information. We collected informa­tion from the venture capital industry, agricultural organizations, industry reports, and other relevant research. The research found that investments in the agtech sector have increased significantly in the last decade and venture capital plays a vital role in this. Some critical reasons for this are shifting consumer habits and needs, high capital requirements, the rise of impact investors, and having a greater vari­ety of exit options for agtech start-ups. The Covid-19 pandemic transformed the fundraising environment for these start-ups. However, the nature of these start-ups renders them more stable in terms of access to funding, be­cause of the existence of impact investors who are ready to balance between earning higher returns and investing in enterprises with social impact.
The Integration of Blockchain Technology in Food Supply Chain Management – A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Ambrozie Alisa-Mihaela
Published: June 2024

In the current global context of food supply chain management, blockchain technology promotes transparency, assurance, traceability, au­thenticity, and security—imperative attributes in a domain where balanc­ing transparency, sustainability, and efficacy is crucial. This article endeav­ors to elucidate the integration and advancement of blockchain technolo­gy’s role within the food supply chain through a systematic review of the lit­erature. Through the meticulous analysis of specialized, empirical, theoret­ical, and conceptual works, a coherent perspective on the trends, challeng­es, and opportunities inherent in implementing blockchain technology with­in the food supply chain emerges. While blockchain technology is ready to of­fer transparency, security, and compliance to the food supply chain, optimal implementation necessitates the consideration of organizational, technologi­cal, and environmental factors. The article not only serves as a foundation for future research but also as a catalyst for practical applications in the food sup­ply chain sector, with the ultimate goal of increasing efficiency, sustainability and transparency.
Decision Support System with AI-based Gait Estimation as Aid for Neurodegenerative Disease Patients
Authors: Panaite Arun-Fabian , Leba Monica
Published: June 2024

AI-based uncertainty handling can be applied to multimodal data fusion for IMU (Inertial Measurement Units) sensor-based gait motion cap­ture in tracking gait differences in patients with Alzheimer’s disease or oth­er medical conditions. The challenge is represented by monitoring and an­alyzing gait patterns in patients with Alzheimer’s disease to detect chang­es over time and assess disease, progression, or treatment effectiveness. Ma­chine learning models are used to enhance the accuracy of gait analysis sys­tems, making them valuable tools in healthcare for diagnosis and rehabilita­tion. Thus, IMUs have evolved with multi-sensor systems, sensor fusion, and machine learning for precise gait analysis, finding applications in clinical and consumer settings. AI-based gait motion capture has advanced through deep learning and video-based methods, enabling non-invasive, markerless anal­ysis for individual identification, and enhancing healthcare diagnostics and rehabilitation. Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) or long short-term memory networks (LSTMs), are developed and trained using historical gait data from patients with Alzheimer’s disease that also include the uncertainty estimates as input features to the models. AI-based uncertainty handling integrated into gait motion capture and analysis allows continuous monitoring of gait differ­ences in patients with Alzheimer’s disease and other medical conditions.
Pandemic Contraction and Recovery of the Russian Tourism Industry in 2019-2021 against the Backdrop of Other G20 Countries
Authors: Bogachkova Lyudmila , Oleynik Olga , Shevelyushkina Arina
Published: June 2024

The paper highlights the significance of tourism sector support measures in modern Russian economic policy. Special attention is given to an aggregate indicator of tourism’s contribution to the economy. This indicator has been calculated taking into account the share of tourism in the country’s GDP; the share of tourism in the total number of jobs; the share of tourism in total export revenues. The research is based on the data of the World Travel and Tourism Council. The effects of the pandemic and the subsequent recov­ery of the industry have been described using the 2019 indices of the compos­ite indicator. It has been revealed that Russia ranks second to last among the G20 countries in terms of the aggregate contribution of tourism to the econo­my. At the same time, Russian tourism was characterized by a relatively small contraction in 2020 and a low recovery rate in 2021, which indicates the need to make regulation measures more effective.
Tourism Recovery after COVID-19 Pandemic in Typical Rural Areas in Bulgaria
Authors: Zheleva Violetka , Mutafov Emil
Published: June 2024

Rural areas in Bulgaria are strategically important for the nation­al well-being in every country and Bulgaria is not an exception. After the COVID-19 pandemic, the tourism sector was on hold with a devastating im­pact on the Accommodation establishments’ number and Nights spent. The main goal of this research is to review current data on the tourism sector in typical rural areas in Bulgaria and suggest possible measures to increase vital indicators. The study is based on three approaches to classify urban and ru­ral areas according to NUTS 3 regions. A multi-component methodology has been applied to ensure the correct treatment of the information on a region­al basis. The results presented show that there has been a decline in overnight stays and accommodation in Bulgaria. There is a recovery trend after the COVID-19 pandemic and a slight increase in both indicators. Revenue from overnight stays increases after 2020. There is a promising trend related to the development of the tourism sector.
Blockchain for Business: An Overview and Benchmarking Analysis of Key Technologies
Authors: Zeneli Muhamet , Barolli Ezmolda
Published: June 2024

The adoption of blockchain technology in business applications has seen rapid growth in recent years. As enterprises explore the poten­tial benefits of blockchain, it becomes imperative to evaluate various block­chain technologies to make informed decisions about their implementation. This paper presents an overview of blockchain technologies tailored for busi­ness use cases and analyzes prominent platforms such as Hyperledger Fab­ric, Hyperledger Sawtooth, Corda, and Consensys Quorum. This study pro­vides valuable insights for enterprises seeking to deploy blockchain solutions by evaluating key metrics such as performance, scalability, security, and con­sensus and conducting a cross-industry benchmarking analysis. The evalua­tion process will be based on a comparative and in-depth analysis of the cur­rent state of research. The findings shed light on the potential benefits of each blockchain technology, facilitating informed decision-making and promot­ing the responsible adoption of blockchain in the business environment.
Consumption of Digital Content – Positive and Negative Aspects of Impact on Consumers
Authors: Hrustek Larisa , Gregurec Iva , Tomičić Furjan Martina
Published: June 2024

The digital environment provides innovative ways to attract poten­tial customers in the market by sharing content through different channels. Content marketing shared daily by companies, paid advertisers, influencers, bloggers, or anonymous individuals in the digital environment shapes con­sumer habits and directs consumer activities. Therefore, ubiquitous effective digital content marketing and tempting offers can drastically influence con­sumer behavior and cause positive and/or negative aspects to impact them. The paper presents the theoretical framework as well as the results of the con­ducted research, which aims to examine how often consumers encounter content marketing, how often they agree to buy under its influence, and de­termine whether there are positive and/or negative aspects of digital content consumption. The results indicate that consumers encounter content market­ing daily, mostly on social networks or digital platforms managed by compa­nies or influencers, bloggers, and others. Consumers receive discounts or pro­motional offers and codes at different time intervals and they use them while buying. However, the negative aspect of the influence of digital content mar­keting on the consumer is more pronounced than the positive one.
Impact of Electronic Data Interchange on Business Communication and Communication Strategy Evolution in the Digital Age
Authors: Tankosić Mirjana , Ercegovac Ivana
Published: June 2024

The research focuses on strategic approaches employed by busi­nesses to enhance communication efficiency amidst the pervasive digital metamorphosis, with a primary emphasis on the role of EDI. The study un­folds in two dimensions: first, the optimization of communication channels through EDI, emphasizing accelerated information flow, reduced errors, and strengthened relationships. Second, it delves into personalized communica­tion in the digital transformation era, revealing how companies leverage EDI for tailored messages, heightening customer engagement and conversion rates. The study explores the evolving role of communication professionals, emphasizing the acquisition of data analysis skills in a data-driven business environment. The paper introduces a specialized algorithm to illuminate the intricacies of the EDI process, providing a systematic approach to grasp the electronic organization, translation, and transmission of data. It underscores the importance of cybersecurity, especially in handling sensitive data in in­creased digital interactions. The study offers guidance on enhancing commu­nication strategies amid ongoing digitization.
Unveiling the Experiential Dimensions Driving Local Producers, and the Potential Ways of Transmitting the Experience to Consumers
Authors: Schlett András , Beke Judit , Balázsné Lendvai Marietta
Published: June 2024

Most studies related to sustainable small-scale local producer life­styles focus on producing healthy foods. Research that integrates other as­pects of mental and spiritual well-being into the holistic concept of a healthy lifestyle is mostly missing. The study examines the motives behind the lifestyle choices of farmers engaged in sustainable production in Western Hungary and draws attention to aspects that are beyond the preference for environ­mentally conscious (sustainable) production of foods. The authors are look­ing for an answer to what motivates local producers to carry out their activi­ties and what relatable elements of experience can be identified.
A New Approach to the Logistics 4.0 Measuring Model in SMEs
Authors: Mutlu Hanifi Murat , Çevik Burhan
Published: June 2024

An important source of competitive advantage for logistic func­tions is to include the processes brought using the Industry 4.0 approach in their business models. The main problem is how to measure the logistics 4.0 levels of enterprises. Therefore, this study aims to develop a model for mea­suring the degree of logistics 4.0 (DoL_4.0) in SMEs. This measurement mod­el is based on the usage scores of logistics 4.0 technologies used in businesses, usage scores in logistic activities, and the number of technologies used. Sec­ond, the relationship between DoL_4.0 and firm performance was examined. Our data were collected using the convenience sampling method in Gazian­tep, Turkey. Because this research was an exploratory study, data were collect­ed from 57 companies. In order to test the study topics, correlation analyses were conducted. The findings revealed robust correlations among the vari­ables under investigation. The paper concludes with a discussion of the man­agement and theoretical implications of the study’s findings.
How Can AI-Powered Solutions Improve Communication in Healthcare?
Authors: Jelić Gordana , Mamula Tartalja Danica
Published: June 2024

AI, as an integral part of various applications and devices in mHealth, can help establish reliable communication in healthcare. AI Chatbots can under­stand and respond to patients’ language, providing instant answers to common questions. They can conduct initial assessments of patients’ physical or mental conditions, assist patients through diverse healthcare processes, and offer sup­port to individuals experiencing adverse health conditions. Additionally, wear­ables and smartphones can collect vast amounts of information that can be fur­ther analyzed using AI and machine learning technologies and used to identi­fy risk factors and potential health patterns that may not be immediately ap­parent, thus enabling personalized healthcare interventions. This paper aims to point out that Chatbots, being user-friendly and highly accessible, are fa­cilitating online healthcare services and helping patients to self-manage their conditions. Therefore, AI-powered solutions can be an efficient tool for improv­ing communication with patients and easing the pressures faced by healthcare professionals.
Computer Simulation of Short DNA Fragments Induced by HIGH-LET Charged Particles
Authors: Eidelman Y. A , Salnikov I. V , Andreev S. G
Published: June 2024

The formation of short DNA fragments, up to 3 kbp, induced in chromatin by nitrogen (LET 97 keV/mм) and iron (LET 190 keV/mм) ions was studied by computer simulation. Chromatin models with different structure parameters and Monte Carlo track structure simulation were used to assess the impact of chromatin fiber structure and LET on the DNA fragment size distribution. For the structures modeled (different types of solenoids, a chain of nucleosomes), the fragment size distribution had a maximum in the region of ~100 bp corresponding to the formation of DNA breaks in two neighboring turns of the helix on the nucleosome. The calculation predicted the peak in the region of ~1000 bp, corresponding to the formation of DNA breaks in two neighboring turns of the solenoid, which parameters depended on the degree of compactness of the fiber and were independent of LET. The assumption was introduced of the presence of subpopulations of various chromatin structures under irradiation. It allowed to explain the experimentally observed size distributions of the short DNA fragments induced by high-LET charged particles.
Distribution of Values of GC-Content of the Fragments in the Spatial Structure of Mitochondrial, Chloroplast and Bacterial Genomes
Authors: Senashova M. Yu , Sadovsky M. G
Published: June 2024

Distribution of values of GC-content of the fragments in spatial structure of chloroplast, mitochondrial, and bacterial genomes were explored. It was found that GC-content in the fragments for most genomes is identically but not independent distributed varaible. Two main types of distribution have been revealed: the gradient distribution and centrally symmetrical distribution. Chloroplast genomes have only a gradient distribution. In bacteria, for the GC-poor genomes, a centrally symmetrical distribution is observed, while there is a gradient distribution in the GC-rich genomes. In mitochondria, both types of distribution are present, the type of distribution depends on the type of an organism.
Ambiol Modulates the Functional Characteristics of Pea Seedlings Mitochondria
Authors: Zhigacheva I. V , Krikunova N. I , Kuznetsov Yu. V , Goloshchapov A. N
Published: June 2024

The effect of ambiol, a plant growth regulator, on the functional state of mitochondria of etiolated pea seedlings has been studied. The drug prevented the activation of lipid peroxidation in mitochondrial membranes in the concentration range of 10–5–10–6 and 10–9 M. The addition of ambiol to the incubation medium of these organelles led to an increase in the oxidation rates of NAD-dependent substrates. At the same time, the most effective concentrations were 10–5 and 10–6 M. Changes in the bioenergetic characteristics of mitochondria were accompanied by alterations in the fatty acid composition of mitochondrial membranes. The most significant changes were observed in the content of 18:2 ω6 and 18:3 ω3 fatty acids. It is assumed that an increase in the content of these fatty acids in the mitochondrial membranes may indicate an increase in the content of cardiolipin, which provides the effective functioning of the mitochondrial respiratory chain, and, consequently, plays an essential role in the maintenance of high-energy-level metabolism. Treatment of pea seeds with ambiol not only prevented a decrease in the growth rate of pea seedlings under water-deficit conditions, but also stimulated their growth.
Prevention of Mitochondrial Dysfunction with 2-Ethyl-6-Methyl-3-Hydroxypyridine Carnitinate
Authors: Zhigacheva I. V , Rusina I. F , Krikunova N. I , Kuznetsov Yu. V , Rasulov M. M , Yakovleva M. A , Goloshchapov A. N
Published: June 2024

The biological activity of 2-ethyl-6-methyl-3-hydroxypyridine carnitinate was studied. This substance exhibited high antiradical and antioxidant activity. It could indicate that 2-ethyl-6-methyl-3-hydroxypyridine carnitinate might have the ability to modulate stress-related alterations. The aim of this study was to examine the results supporting antistress property of this drug using a model of acute hypobaric hypoxia. Acute exposure to hypobaric hypoxia increased the rate of lipid peroxidation by 2.3 times, leading to changes in the content of C18 and C20 fatty acids in mitochondrial membranes: the double bond index of C18 fatty acids decreased by 18.2%, the content of 20:3ω3, 20: 2ω6 and 20:1ω9 dropped by 13%, 80% and 33%, respectively. These changes were accompanied by changes in the bioenergetic characteristics of mitochondria. The maximum rates of NAD-dependent substrate oxidation decreased by 28–35%. Administration of 2-ethyl-6methyl-3-hydroxypyridine carnitinate (10–6 mol/kg) to animals for 5 days suppressed lipid peroxidation, prevented changes in fatty acids composition of mitochondrial membranes, and, consequently, alterations in mitochondrial bioenergetics what most likely determined the anti-stress properties of the drug: 3.5–4.0-fold increase in life expectancy and 12–40% increase in the survival rate of mice under various types of hypoxia. The preparation was also able to enhance wheat seed germination and seedlings growth.
Pharmacological Blockade of High Threshold L-Type Calcium Channels in Cardiomyocytes Restores Respiratory Chain Activity Disturbed by Vibration
Authors: Vorobieva V. V , Levchenkova O. S , Shabanov P. D
Published: June 2024

The transport of calcium ions across the cardiomyocyte cellular membrane is associated with crossing a high energy barrier and can be dysregulated by the vibration. Calcium channel blockers are a group of medication that reduce damage of mitochondria and cell membranes. In this study, the effects of nifedipine (adalat), a calcium channel blocker drug, 7.5 mg/kg on energy metabolism of cardiomyocytes which underwent vibration induced hypoxia (exposure to 56 vibration sessions at a single frequency, 44 Hz with an amplitude of 0.5 mm) were evaluated. The functional states of mitochondria in 30% rabbit left ventricular myocardial tissue homogenate were studied polarographically using a closed galvanic oxygen sensor in a 1 ml cuvette with thermostatic holder, the protein concentration in the system was 2.4 ± 0.5 mg and a modified microbiuret method was used for protein determination. In animals injected with calcium channel blockers and exposed to vibration, the rate of endogenous respiration (V e) remained at the level as in intact animals and was 16.4 ± 4.1 [ng-atom O] min–1mg–1 protein, amytal sensitivity increased by 39%, and malonate sensitivity decreased by 40% as compared to animals that were not injected with calcium channel blockers but exposed to vibration. The indices of the ratio of the activity of mitochondrial enzyme complex I and complex II and the processes of regulation of mitochondria in different metabolic states indicate that the activity of mitochondrial complex I , inhibited by vibration, is restored and mitochondrial complex II exhibits limited regulatory functions. This study has shown the energy-protective action of calcium channel blockers, due to which tissue resistance in response to vibration increases, thereby preventing the development of necrotic changes in the tissue.
Research on Survival of A549 Tumor Cells Following Proton Beam Irradiation Using FLASH Radiotherapy and Conventional Dose Rate Irradiation
Authors: Rzyanina A. V , Mytsin G. V , Agapov A. V , Gritskova E. A , Uglova S. S , Gaevsky V. N , Shipulin K. N , Khassenova I.
Published: June 2024

FLASH radiotherapy is the innovative radiotherapy technique in which the short treatment times, few tens of milliseconds, are used to deliver a therapeutic dose of radiation to the tumor. This novel approach reduces damage and minimizes the dose to normal tissues surrounding the tumor and to tissues that are affected by radiation, whilst maintaining the treatment effect on cancer cells. This regimen may improve the level of local control of the tumor and lower the occurrence of side effects. To date, the exact radiobiological mechanisms underpinning the FLASH effect are not completely understood. The paper presents the results on the delivery of a high-intensity proton beam at an energy of 660 MeV produced by Phasotron, a proton accelerator at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna. This proton beam has been created to perform radiobiological studies involving cell cultures and small laboratory animals (mice, rats) using FLASH radiation. Also, the survival rates were compared between A549 cells irradiated at extremely high dose rates (FLASH technique) and those exposed to conventional irradiation with the lower dose rate. It was found that there is a difference between these groups of A549 cells in the survival rates. The magnitude of the FLASH effect is represented by a factor of different dose rates.
Interrelation between Composition of Natural Water and a State of Lipid Peroxidation Processes in Biological Objects
Authors: Shishkina L. N , Dubovik A. S , Shvydkyi V. O , Kozlov M. V , Shtamm E. V , Georgiadi A. G
Published: June 2024

The interrelation between the composition of components of five samples of natural water and state indices for the lipid peroxidation regulatory system in a model system based on the natural phospholipids was explored and involvement of natural phospholipids in the formation of the toxicity of the natural water was also studied. It is shown that the presence of N- and P-containing compounds in natural water samples leads to inhibition of the processes relevant to lecithin autooxidation and luminescence intensity of luminous bacteria, has a significant effect on the spontaneous aggregation of lecithin, while an increase in the content of hydrophobic compounds results in a higher negative value of the ξ potential of its particles. High sensitivity of the lipid peroxidation regulatory system to the presence of components even at low concentrations in the natural water makes it a promising tool to test the effect of natural water on biological objects. Mathematical processing of UV spectra of the natural water samples with the Gauss method can be used as an express test for the analysis of its hydrochemical composition. The effects of natural water components on the state of membranes of biological objects and intracellular processes are confirmed by means of biotesting methods.
Gold and Silver Compounds as Potential Antitumor Drugs
Authors: Ostrovskaya L. A , Korman D. B , Nekrasova E. I , Chigasova A. K , Bluhterova N. V , Rikova V. A , Fomina Fomina M , Khochenkova Yu. A , Abzaeva K. A
Published: June 2024

The article presents the generalized results from studies on antitumor activity, cytotoxic effects and mechanisms of action of gold (aurumacryl) and silver (argacryl) polyacrylates in the context of modern ideas about perspectives on the possible use of gold and silver-containing compounds as potential antitumor drugs that showed promising results in experimental studies.
Reputation and Risk Management in Promotional Activities in Relation to the Brand Identity of IQOS
Authors: Agung Krisprimandoyo Denpharanto
Published: June 2024

It aims to reveal the interaction between reputation, risk management, and promotional efforts through conventional and digital forms. It provides an understanding of the IQOS brand identity strategy, insights into the link between reputation management and promotional efforts, and the critical role of strategic communications in shaping. This research used Qualitative methods, such as in-depth interviews and focus group discussions, offer valuable insights into stakeholders' perceptions, attitudes, and emotions related to IQOS's promotional activities. The investigation carried out on the promotional activities of IQOS has revealed intricate observations regarding the brand's reputation and techniques for managing risks. The study employs a comprehensive methodology that includes qualitative approaches, comparative analysis, ethnographic research, case study analysis, and content analysis. Through this complex approach, the study reveals several significant discoveries. This research provides a comprehensive analysis of IQOS, examining the intricate relationship among reputation, risk management, and promotional tactics.
Human Security Principles in Crowdsourcing Personal Data
Authors: Kharisma Dona Budi , Hernoko Agus Yudha , Thalib Prawitra , Oktafiyana Oktafiyana
Published: June 2024

Personal data protection is fundamental because every individual's privacy is important. This article analyses related principles of human security in the context of processing personal data to ensure the safety of every personal data subject. The result of the paper shows that every effort in processing personal data must based on principles to ensure the fulfillment of human security principles. This article argues that crowdsourcing personal data often carried out in the digital era violates human security principles when impact losses are incurred to man.
LEGAL CERTAINTY OF GROSS NEGLIGENCE AS AN ELEMENT OF CRIMINAL LIABILITY FOR MEDICAL PROFESSIONALS: PROBLEMS AND IMPLICATIONS
Authors: Darma I Made Wirya
Published: June 2024

The legal certainty regarding the requirement of gross negligence as one of the elements of criminalization for medical personnel has become a debated issue due to the absence of clear boundaries in the laws and regulations, resulting in difficulties for judges in determining the criteria for gross negligence and potentially leading to legal uncertainty and injustice. This research aims to analyze the legal certainty regarding the requirement of gross negligence as one of the elements of criminalization for medical personnel in the applicable laws and regulations in Indonesia, as well as to examine the implications of this legal uncertainty on law enforcement and public trust in the medical profession. This research utilizes a normative legal research method with a statutory and conceptual approach, and collects data through library research on relevant primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. The analysis is carried out using content analysis techniques and legal interpretation. The research results reveal that the legal certainty regarding the requirement of gross negligence as one of the elements of criminalization for medical personnel is still unclear in the applicable laws and regulations in Indonesia. The lack of a clear definition and criteria regarding gross negligence in the Criminal Code and the Health Law leads to legal uncertainty and difficulties for judges in determining whether a case can be categorized as gross negligence, which has the potential to cause disparities in court decisions. This condition has significant implications for fair and consistent law enforcement, public trust in the medical profession, and the evidentiary process, which becomes more difficult. Therefore, efforts are needed to clarify the legal certainty regarding the requirement of gross negligence to ensure justice and legal certainty for all parties.
THE LEGAL POLICY OF IMPLEMENTING AUTOMATIC EXCHANGE OF INFORMATION (AEOI) IN INDONESIA: WHAT AND HOW?
Authors: Sediati Diah Sulistyani Ratna , Arifin Zaenal
Published: June 2024

The Automatic Exchange of Information (AEOI) is a scheme for the automatic exchange of financial information between countries to combat tax evasion and money laundering. Indonesia has established AEOI through Law Number 9 of 2017 and Minister of Finance Regulation Number 60/PMK.03/2017, taking into account various economic, social, and political interests in its legal political process. The purpose of this research is to analyze the legal politics behind the establishment of the Automatic Exchange of Information (AEOI) in Indonesia and to formulate effective and efficient implementation strategies in the government's efforts to combat tax evasion and money laundering through the scheme of automatic exchange of financial information between countries. This research uses normative legal research methods, focusing on examining and analyzing the applicable legal norms. The sources of legal materials used in this research consist of primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials, with data collection techniques in the form of literature studies and data analysis conducted qualitatively. The research results reveal that the legal politics behind the establishment of the Automatic Exchange of Information (AEOI) in Indonesia are based on efforts to align with international standards in combating cross-border tax evasion and money laundering, enhancing fiscal transparency, strengthening law enforcement in the field of taxation, and increasing state revenue from the tax sector. The implementation of AEOI can be carried out effectively and efficiently by ensuring a strong legal framework, developing reliable information technology infrastructure, enhancing human resource capacity, building cooperation and coordination with financial service institutions and partner countries, conducting monitoring and evaluation, and raising public awareness and education about the importance of AEOI in combating cross-border tax evasion and money laundering.
Deposit Insurance Agency Between Legal Protection and Banking Crime
Authors: Mambaya Marthinus
Published: June 2024

This research was conducted with the aim of, among other things, wanting to know, understand and explain the role of deposit insurance institutions between legal protection and banking crime. To obtain accurate and scientifically accountable data, normative and empirical juridical research methods are used. The research results reveal that banking transactions are something that should be prioritized so that the interests of the parties can be protected. In law enforcement, these pairs of values need to be harmonized and explained more concretely because these values are usually abstract. Suggestions for utilizing legal tools for bank fraud are carried out using various modus operandi, in the form of deviation from Bank Indonesia Liquidity Assistance (BLBI) by disbursing it in the form of fictitious credit and bank balance mark-ups. Bank Indonesia has a big responsibility to protect and guarantee clients from losses caused by wrong bank actions as the institution that forms and supervises the banking system in Indonesia. To ensure that all banks operating in Indonesia implement statutory provisions, Bank Indonesia must be more active in carrying out its duties and authorities. Good and effective supervision helps reduce client losses due to bank actions.
Immersive Technologies in the Educational Practice of Russian Universities
Authors: Ananin D. P. , Suvirova A. Yu.
Published: June 2024

Immersive technologies (ImT) are becoming more and more widespread in the R&D sector and more often in the academic agenda of higher education. The paper provides a systematic overview of the educational practices of Russian universities in the use of ImT in teaching. The study focuses on the institutional and didactic aspects of the ImT in Russian higher education. We interviewed representatives of Russian universities (N=16). The study presents the role of immersive educational technologies in the structure of an academic course and outlines the prospects for their further application. The cases of Russian universities evidence that immersive educational technologies are slowly finding their niche in higher and postgraduate education as a learning tool. Providing immersion of students in the real conditions of professional skills application, immersive educational products are designed to practice the algorithms of operations in standard and non-standard situations of their (future) occupations individually. Without changing the didactic structure of the academic course, immersive educational products occupy a place between the theoretical part and training practice. The authors conclude that immersive educational products have a great potential for development in terms of the visualization quality of educational material, integration of multimodal mode for group work, improvement of assessment scales and соnsideration of learning analytics. Given a range of positive effects (motivational, psychological, topological, developmental), the future of ImT in higher education depends on the legal regulation of their use in education, their availability to higher education institutions and the motivation of university teachers.
Attitudes towards the Unified State Exam as a Tool for Combating Corruption in Admissions to National Universities
Authors: Maksimenko A. A. , Dukhanina L. N. , Porosenkov G. A. , Krylova D. V. , Bushueva A. M.
Published: June 2024

Numerous All-Russian surveys of the last 5-7 years, revealing the attitude of various au diences to the Unified State Exam (USE), present a generally more positive attitude of young people to the USE against the background of a generally skeptical Russian population towards this tool of transition from secondary school to higher education. In this regard, it is of particular interest to study the opinions of those who faced this examination procedure (graduates who passed the unified state exam, as well as their parents).During the online survey conducted on March 04, 2024, 711 people (45.3% men, 54.7% women, M = 34.73 years) were interviewed who replied that they and/or their child participated in the exam procedure. Respondents expressed their degree of agreement with the statements of the questionnaires: condemning corruption and attitudes towards the USE.

An analysis of the data obtained showed that respondents from the province significantly more often agreed that the USE significantly removes financial barriers to admission to Russian universities. Women were significantly more likely to agree that the USE provides capable graduates from different social strata and from any region with the opportunity to enroll in an educational institution whose curriculum and specialty correspond to the applicant’s career orientation.

Younger respondents also significantly more often agreed that the USE provides the bright high school graduates from different social strata of Russia to enroll in any university. Those who were more likely to agree that the USE helped them get into the university they wanted to enter were significantly more likely to agree with all items of the questionnaire on attitudes towards the USE as an anti-corruption instrument. In addition, the same positive correlation was found between the degree  of  condemnation  of  corruption  and  the  attitude  towards  the  USE  as  a  tool  for  combating corruption,  that  is,  respondents  who  condemn  corruption  more  agree  that  the  USE  is  a  tool  for combating corruption.

Thus, we have shown that the unified state exam eliminates financial barriers to admission to Russian universities, that is, it is an anti-corruption tool, which was more often agreed by respondents who entered universities from regional and district centers, women and youth, as well as respondents who more disapprove of corruption.
Screening for Cognitive Impairment in Movement Disorders: Comparison of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment and Quick Mild Cognitive Impairment Screen in Parkinson’s Disease and Lewy Body Dementia
Authors: O’Caoimh Rónán , Foley Mary J. , Timmons Suzanne , Molloy D. William
Published: June 2024

Background:

The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) is recommended by the Movement Disorder Society for cognitive testing in movement disorders including Parkinson’s disease (PD) and lewy body dementia. Few studies have compared cognitive screening instruments in these diseases, which overlap clinically.

Objective:

To compare the MoCA and Quick Mild Cognitive Impairment (Q mci) screen in this population.

Methods:

Patients attending memory and movement disorder clinics associated with a university hospital had the MoCA and Q mci screen performed and diagnostic accuracy compared with the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Duration and severity of movement disorders was assessed using the Unified PD Rating Scale (UPDRS).

Results:

In total, 133 assessments were available, median age 74±5. Median education was 11±4 years and 65% were male. Median total UPDRS score was 37±26. Median Q mci screen was 51±27, median MoCA was 19±10. There were statistically significant differences in test scores between those with subjective symptoms but normal cognition, mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia ( p < 0.001). The Q mci screen had significantly greater accuracy differentiating normal cognition from MCI versus the MoCA (AUC 0.90 versus 0.72, p = 0.01). Both instruments had similar accuracy in identifying cognitive impairment and separating MCI from dementia. The median administration time for the Q mci screen and MoCA were 5.19 and 9.24 minutes ( p < 0.001), respectively.

Conclusions:

Both the MoCA and Q mci screen have good to excellent accuracy in a population with movement disorders experiencing cognitive symptoms. The Q mci screen was significantly more accurate for those with early symptoms and had a shorter administration time.
Wave propagation in dilatant granular materials
Authors: Coclite Giuseppe Maria , di Ruvo Lorenzo
Published: June 2024

The wave propagation in dilatant granular materials is described by a nonlinear evolution equation of the fifth order deduced by Giovine–Oliveri in (Meccanica 30(4) (1995) 341–357). In this paper, we study the well-posedness of the classical solutions for the Cauchy problem, associated with this equation.
Related factors of severe osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture and clinical outcomes of percutaneous kyphoplasty: A retrospective study
Authors: Xue Youdi , Xia Jihua , Ma Chao , Dai Weixiang , Zhang Zhaochuan
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND: Osteoporosis is the most common disease in postmenopausal women and the elderly, which can lead to vertebral compression fracture. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the related factors of severe osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (SOVCF) and evaluate the long-term outcomes of percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) for treating SOVCF through comparison with mild OVCF (MOVCF). METHODS: From September 2015 to March 2019, 294 osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (OVCF) patients treated with PKP were analyzed. Compression of the anterior margin of the fractured vertebral body beyond 2/3 of the original height was defined as SOVCF. Baseline data, clinical and imaging findings before and after surgery and at the last follow-up were recorded. Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) was used to evaluate low back pain, the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) was used to evaluate activity of daily life. Anterior vertebral height (AVH) and local kyphosis angle (LKA) was used to evaluate radiographic outcomes. During the follow-up, patients with recurrent back pain were examined by MRI to identify new fractures and the incidence of adjacent vertebral fracture (AVF) was recorded. Age, sex, body mass index (BMI), dual energy X-ray absorptiometry based T value, duration of symptom, history of trauma, steroid use, and fracture site were collected for univariate logistic regression analysis Variables with a P-value of less than 0.05 were then included in multivariate analysis to determine the related factors for SOVCF. RESULTS: Logistic regression analysis indicated that longer duration of symptom (OR = 1.109, 95%CI: 1.038–1.185, P= 0.002), lower T value (OR = 0.332, 95%CI: 0.139–0.763, P= 0.001), and steroid use (OR = 31.294, 95%CI: 1.020–960.449, P= 0.049) were related factors of SOVCF. Compared with the MOVCF group, the SOVCF group had longer operation time (57.3 ± 13.51 minutes vs 44.9 ± 8.13 minutes, P< 0.001), more radiation exposure (39.9 ± 7.98 times vs 25.5 ± 4.01 times, P< 0.001), and higher cement leakage rate (55.81% vs 18.73%, P< 0.001). At the last follow-up, the SOVCF group had higher NRS (2.28 ± 0.85 vs 1.30 ± 0.71, P< 0.001), and ODI (16.23 ± 4.43 vs 12.88 ± 3.34, P< 0.001). After operation and at the last follow-up, the SOVCF group had higher LKA and lower AVH (all P< 0.05). The AVF rate at the last follow-up was higher in the SOVCF group at the last follow-up (4.78% vs 18.60%, P< 0.001). CONCLUSION: Lower T value, longer duration of disease, and steroid use were related factors of SOVCF. Compared with MOVCF, PKP for SOVCF had longer operation time, more radiation exposure, and higher cement leakage rate, and the long-term outcomes were worsen.