bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Species and ecomorphological differentiation of genus Arvicola (Mammalia) in Eastern Europe
Authors:   National Museum of Natural History, NAS Ukraine (Kyiv, Ukraine), Zagorodniuk Igor
Published: September 2021

The genus Arvicola is represented in the fauna of Eastern Europe by several taxa and ecological races of semi-species and subspecies rank. Morphological data indicate the taxonomic homogeneity of lowland amphibious forms and a high level of differentiation of some mountain fossorial forms. Analysis of variation of morphometric characters shows a substantial hiatus for the Carpathian form of Arvicola, considered as A. scherman, as well as the absence of sufficient differentiation among other forms such as in lowland water voles from different parts of Ukraine or in mountain forms from the Northern Caucasus. Morphological features of the Carpathian taxon (A. scherman gutsulius) are stable compared to other mountain water vole populations from Europe and its substantial differences from the Caucasian form, which is very close to the lowland A. amphibius, do not support the idea of the ‘effect of mountains’ in the formation of small fossorial forms of Arvicola. The Carpathian Arvicola differs from all of the studied lowland forms in both morphometric and craniometric characters, which are important in the taxonomy and diagnostics of water voles (coefficient of divergence in body and skull dimensions reach CD = 4...5 ϭ. The mountain water vole (A. scherman) is characterized by a number of paedomorphic features that should be recognized as an ancestral state (plesiomorpy), whereas the European water vole (A. amphibius) is considered as an evolutionary advanced and gerontomorphic form. These two species are allopatric and the border between their distribution ranges coincide with the geographic limits of lowland and mountain faunal assemblages. Evidence for the recognition of the mountain fossorial form as either a separate species or an ecological race of the lowland species is considered. The fossorial A. scherman can be included to the group chosaricus–mosbachensis, but it remains unclear whether it should be considered an ancestral form in the evolution of the lowland A. amphibius or as an example of recapitulation of characters due to secondary transition to fossorial lifestyle. A comparison of different geographic forms of Arvicola suggests that the formation of the group took place in piedmont–mountainous areas of Europe, whereas the forms distributed further east are probably derived from the European ones.
SMALL EFFORT, BIG RESULTS: THROWING AND CATCHING ACTIVITIES USING PLASTIC BALL TO FOSTER CHILD'S KINESTHETIC ABILITY
Authors: Krobo Andrianus
Published: September 2021

The purpose of this study was to improve the kinesthetic ability of group A, Ria Pembangunan Kindergarten, Sentani, Jayapura through a throwing-catching game using the small plastic ball. This research uses the action research method. Participants were collected using purposive sampling by involving 12 children in group A. Kinesthetic ability is one aspect that plays an essential role in child development. In the first cycle, the results showed that the child's kinesthetic ability reached 49.30%, including throwing with one hand over the shoulder, reaching 45.83%, throwing with one hand below 52.08%, and catching the ball 50%. As for the second cycle, it increased to 82.64%, including throwing with one hand over the shoulder, reaching 81.22%, throwing with one hand below, reaching 85.42%, and the aspect of catching the ball reaches 83.33%. Thus, the results showed that throwing-catching games using small plastic balls could improve the kinesthetic ability of group A at Ria Pembangunan Sentani Kindergarten, Jayapura Regency, Papua.
Revisión de métodos de sensores remotos para la detección y evaluación de la severidad de incendios forestales
Authors: Flores-Rodríguez Ana Graciela , Flores-Garnica José Germán , González-Eguiarte Diego Raymundo , Gallegos-Rodríguez Agustín , Zarazúa-Villaseñor Patricia , Mena-Munguía Salvador
Published: September 2021

Los efectos que tienen los incendios en los ecosistemas forestales son variables, dependiendo de diversos factores entre los cuales se encuentra la severidad del fuego. Lo cual, a su vez, repercute en su recuperación. Sin embargo, evaluar áreas afectadas por fuego directamente en campo implica alta inversión de recursos que, junto con el tiempo, son generalmente limitados. No obstante, para la planeación de las estrategias de manejo y de restauración es necesario tener conocimiento del impacto del fuego. Para esto, los sensores remotos son una herramienta práctica para la evaluación de grandes áreas, o áreas inaccesibles, impactadas por incendios forestales. Cuyo uso va en aumento, siguiendo diferentes perspectivas de evaluación, como son el espectro infrarrojo, la detección de vegetación, ubicación de cenizas, etc. Por lo que para saber cuál es la mejor alternativa en el estudio de incendios forestales, es necesario conocer toda la gama de posibilidades y de esta manera poder elegir la más conveniente. Debido a esto, en este trabajo se hace una revisión de diferentes propuestas de evaluación de áreas impactadas por incendios forestales a través de sensores remotos. Las cuales se definen, principalmente, en una serie de índices espectrales, con base a los cuales, directa o indirectamente, se pretende no solo ubicar y dimensionar los incendios forestales, sino, en algunos casos, determinar el nivel de severidad. De esta forma, en este documento se agrupan las principales propuestas, con base a sus objetivos de detección de áreas impactadas: vegetación, suelo, agua, área quemada y radar.
Effect of Diesel Oil and Mixture of Alcohol-Glycol Ether on Colombian Ultrafine Coal Cleaning Using a Test-Rig Closed-Loop Flotation Column
Authors: Piñeres Jorge Luis , Barraza-Burgos Juan M. , Bellich-Fernandez Silvia P.
Published: September 2021

A test-rig closed-loop flotation column was used to observe the effect of diesel oil (collector) and Flomin F-425 (frother) on mass yield and ash content for two Colombian coals: Caypa (northern zone) and Guachinte (southwestern zone). The coal samples of less than 38 µm (-400 M) were processed in a collector concentration range of 0,32 to 1,60 kg/ton of coal, as well as a frother concentration range of 10 to 50 ppm. The response surface methodology was used for the experimental test runs. The results showed that the maximum mass yield obtained by Caypa coal was 98,39% at 1,28 kg of collector/ton of coal and 40 ppm of frother concentration, whereas Guachinte coal obtained a maximum mass yield of 94,71% at 0,96 kg of collector/ton of coal and 30 ppm of frother concentration. In general, for Caypa coal, the mass yield tends to increase (low ash removal) with the collector and frother concentration increase; while the mass yield tends to decrease (high ash removal) for Guachinte coal when the collector concentration increases (low ash removal) at high frother concentrations. It is worth highlighting that the ash content of 0,65% obtained for Caypa coal is the lowest value reported in the literature while employing a test-rig loop flotation column in a single stage, which is considered to be an ultra-clean coal obtained by a physical cleaning process.
Embedded Discrete Fracture Networks to Analyze Groundwater Inflows during Tunnel Drilling
Authors: Piña Adriana , Cortes Diego , Donado Leonardo David , Blessent Daniela
Published: September 2021

Tunnels commonly go through fracture zones that used to be analyzed as an equivalent porous medium with homogeneous permeability. However, it is a rough simplification that overlooks the connection triggered by underground works in fractured massifs. This study introduces the use of synthetic discrete fracture networks (DFN) to analyze groundwater inflows through tunnel excavation in a fractured zone considering the daily advance of the drilling front. First, a hypothetical case with six different settings varying the fracture density, the fracture length, and the aperture distribution is analyzed. Each setting has about 100 iterations. DFN hydraulic properties were estimated and compared with previous DFN studies, displaying the same behavior even though the magnitude of the estimated parameters differs. As an application example, structural measurements of the Alaska fault zone in the La Linea massif (Colombia) are used to obtain the statistical parameters of the fracture length and aperture distributions to generate the DFN. Five settings varying the fracture density are built, obtaining measured and simulated groundwater inflows of the same order of magnitude. These results highlight the potential of the synthetic DFN to analyze tunnels’ effects on groundwater flow.
Postharvest characterization of seven arracacha cultivars (Arracacia xanthorrhiza Bancroft)
Authors: Rincón Rueda Mayra Alejandra , Ruiz Berrio Hernán David , Molano Díaz Julian Mauricio , Alvarez Herrera Javier Giovanni , Pinto Acero Yomaira Liney
Published: September 2021

La arracacha está considerada dentro de un esquema de agricultura familiar como un cultivo fundamental para la seguridad alimentaria por su aporte energético. En Colombia existen una gran diversidad de cultivares que han sido poco estudiados. Por lo anterior, se caracterizó la calidad poscosecha y el contenido de almidón de siete cultivares de arracacha. Se empleó un diseño completamente al azar con siete tratamientos, conformados por los cultivares ‘yema de huevo’, ‘paliverde’, ‘palirrusia’, ‘yucatana’, ‘blanca de tarro’, ‘palinegra’ y ‘amarilla de tarro’. Los resultados mostraron que el pH, los sólidos solubles totales, y la relación de madurez aumentaron para todos los cultivares excepto para el cultivar ‘palinegra’ durante los primeros ocho días después de la cosecha. La acidez total titulable disminuyó para ‘amarilla de tarro’ y en los demás cultivares se presentó un ligero aumento en el tiempo. La intensidad respiratoria y la firmeza aumentaron en todos los cultivares hasta el día 12, con mayores valores para ‘palinegra’. El contenido de almidón, la intensidad respiratoria y la firmeza disminuyeron, mientras L* aumentó. La pérdida de masa presentó los mayores valores en los primeros 3 días de almacenamiento. El índice de color y los parámetros L* y b* aumentaron a través del tiempo, por lo que se apreciaron incrementos en la luminosidad y en las coloraciones amarillas. ‘Paliverde’ mostró los mayorescontenidos de almidón, por lo que sería el cultivar menos apto para las industrias.
Deutsch als Ausgangssprache für die Erneuerungsbewegung der wirtschaftlich-juristischen Fachsprache in Ungarn
Authors: Szép Beáta
Published: September 2021

The study presented in this paper reviews the emergence and development of Hungarian economic and legal terminology. It is based on research during which I examined over 1 000 terms from their first publication in specialized dictionaries, through changes in their meaning, all the way to their integration into technical vocabulary or their extinction. My research also focused on the reasons why the colloquial meaning of a term may cause the disappearance of its technical meaning. I conclude my study with examples.
Determination of four naphthalenediols in cosmetic samples by sweeping-micellar electrokinetic chromatography and a comparison with HPLC
Authors: Wang Qian , Li Xiaobin , Zheng Zhihan , Liu Huitao , Gao Yuan
Published: September 2021

A sweeping micellar electrokinetic chromatography (sweeping-MEKC) method was developed for the determination of 1,7-naphthalenediol, 2,3-naphthalenediol, 1,5-naphthalenediol and 2,7-naphthalenediol in cosmetics. Several parameters affecting sweeping-MEKC method were studied systematically and the separation conditions were optimized as 20 mM NaH2PO4–110 mM SDS and 40% (v/v) MeOH (pH 2.4), with −22 kV applied voltage and UV detection at 230 nm. The sample matrix is 60 mmol L−1 NaH2PO4 and sample introduction was performed at 3 psi for 6 s. Separation of the four naphthalenediols was completed in less than 17 min. Limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ) are 0.0045∼0.0094 μg mL−1 and 0.015∼0.031 μg mL−1. Linear relationship (r
2 > 0.999) is satisfactory at the range of 0.1–10 μg mL−1. The developed method has been successfully applied to the determination of the four naphthalenediols in real cosmetic samples, with recoveries in foundation, sun cream and lotion in the range of 92.3%∼106.8% and relative standard deviation (RSD) less than 4.15%. A HPLC method described in the National Standards of the People’s Republic of China was carried out for the comparison with the proposed method. The results showed that the proposed sweeping-MEKC method has the advantages of fast, low cost with comparative sensitivity.
Design Thinking Ethics of Neighboring Life Inspiration of Prophet’s Hadith
Authors: Nisarohmah Lutfiana
Published: September 2021

The purpose of this study is to discuss the ethical value of being a neighbor. This research method employs a qualitative kind through library studies and field studies with a design thinking hadith approach. The results and discussions of this study include the ethic of neighboring life, the Prophet’s exemplary inspiration of a neighboring life, and the ethical development innovation in a neighboring life. This study concludes that the hadith has an inspiring message to foster the ethic of living next door through simple things to create harmony for human life.
Polemik Pengarusutamaan Kesetaraan Gender di Indonesia
Authors: Sari Gusti Rahma , Ismail Ecep
Published: September 2021

This research aims to discuss the implementation of gender equality in Indonesia. The research method is a qualitative type through literature study by applying content analysis. This research discusses the meaning, gender equality of Alquran perspective, and implementation in Indonesia. This research concludes that in the fields of education, law, family and government policies, gender equality gas been implemented. However, the issue of gender equality has not yet become mainstream so that it affecs the case of divorce in Indonesia. This research is only limited to the implementation of gender equality in Indonesia in several fields or sectors so that further research is needed in other fields. This research recommends the socialization of the concept of gender equality in the framework of Alquran to both men and women so that people get a complate understanding and create harmony.
Living Teologi Tradisi Tolak Bala Bepapas pada Masyarakat Desa Parit Setia Kecamatan Jawai Kabupaten Sambas Kalimantan Barat
Authors: Madriani Revi
Published: September 2021

This study examines Islam that lives in the Parit Setia community. In the Parit Setia community there is a tradition tolak bala Bepapas. The purpose of this research is to answer the problems that are the subject of discussion: 1) Definition of the tradition tolak bala Bepapas; 2) Understanding the community's theology of the tradition tolak bala Bepapas; and 3) The values contained in the tradition tolak bala Bepapas. This research is a field research, with a phenomenological approach, qualitative methods, and living theology as a knife of analysis. The findings in this research show that: First, historically the tradition tolak bala Bepapas is a tradition that resulted from a mixture of culture and religion. Tradition is carried out as an effort to avoid all forms of danger, which is symbolized through leaves and is led by a traditional leader (pak Labbai). Second, this tradition has long been rooted so that it is considered sacred. Even though there are differences of opinion in responding to it, this tradition still exists today as a cultural identity of society. Third, the determination of religious values contained in this tradition is based on the principles of tawhid, which substantially have values for relating to nature, maintaining friendship, asking for salvation and as a form of gratitude to Allah SWT. Observing all the findings in the field, it is not an exaggeration to conclude that this tradition is a living Islam (living Islamic theology) in the Parit Setia community.
Wanita Haid dengan Metode Syarah Perspektif Teologi Islam
Authors: Rahmah Siti
Published: September 2021

This study aims to discuss the sharah about the hadith of menstruating women from a theological perspective. This research is a qualitative type through literature study with the method of sharah and theological analysis. The results and discussion of this study include the meaning of menstruation, syarah about the hadith of menstruating women, and the problems of menstruating women with theological perspective. This research concludes that theologically menstruating women according to the hadith sharah can still maintain a relationship with Allah through practices such as charity, doing good deeds, reciting the Qur'an, praying, doing istighfar, and reciting zikr. This study recommends especially for Islamic religious extension workers to be able to provide understanding to Muslim audiences about the sharah about the hadith of menstruating women from a theological perspective.
Komparasi Zakat Profesi dalam Agama Islam dan Persepuluhan dalam Agama Kristen Protestan
Authors: Ridwan Gin Gin Muhamad
Published: September 2021

This study aims to discuss the similarities and differences between professional zakat in Islam and tithing in Christianity. This research method is a qualitative type through library research and field studies by applying comparative descriptive analysis. The results and discussion of this study indicate that professional zakat in Islam and tithing in Christianity both originate from the holy books of each religion, it is found that there are similarities and differences between professional zakat in Islam and tithing in Christianity, and the meeting point of both has implications for the development of religious philanthropy in Indonesia. This study concludes that tithing is required in Malachi 3:10-11 and professional zakat is required in QS al-Baqarah verse 267 where the wisdom of both is for the benefit of the people or congregation, while the difference is that tithing can be carried out by anyone and professional zakat can only be implemented by people who have reached nishab, and the first aims to return God's gift and the second aims to clean up wealth.
Uzlah Perspektif Ibn ‘Athaillah al-Sakandari
Authors: Khoiri Imam
Published: September 2021

The sparkling "progress" of modernism looks very majestic and luminous. Modernization is the process of changing traditional society into a modern society, marked by changes in economic, social, and political systems. The changes that brought progress were reversed with the condition of modern human spirituality which experienced drought and decline. Therefore, a Sufism approach is needed that cultivates the heart, taste, and soul and balances the rational and experimental approaches that develop in modern society. The purpose of this study is to describe Ibn 'Athaillah al-Sakandari's views on uzlah and to analyze the suitability of uzlah in today's times. This is a qualitative research that uses a literature study approach. The analytical method used is the content analysis technique. The results of this study indicate that the uz that was written by Ibn Athaillah was not a form of activity that was carried out throughout life, but was limited to taking time to isolate oneself from the crowd. Because that way you can use meditation to the fullest. Uzlah is also an effort for modern humans to reflect and think about problems and find solutions in life so that they can get closer to Allah. Because the result of uzlah is not leaving the affairs of the world, but being able to live it with responsibility, discipline and upholding God's commands. The results of this research are expected to be practical in order to maintain the freshness of spirituality and reason.
El posible aplazamiento de la absolución en el sacramento de la Penitencia
Authors: Del-Pozzo Massimo
Published: September 2021

Con ocasión de la creciente invitación a la generosidad del perdón y de la práctica pastoral contemporánea, el artículo examina la consistencia del juicio penitencial relativo a la absolución. La absolutio concedenda, deneganda y differenda ha sido objeto de una amplia y articulada elaboración por parte de la doctrina canónico-sacramental moderna, que se ha incorporado en la codificación y posteriores intervenciones. El carácter judicial de la Reconciliación implica que el ministro sea constituido juez de las condiciones de la economía sacramental. La presunción del debido arrepentimiento no excluye que el confesor pueda constatar objetivamente la indisposición del sujeto y negar la absolución. En cualquier caso, el obstáculo para abrirse a la gracia puede estar relacionado con la inamovibilidad existencial del penitente. La negativa absolutoria solo puede representar una invitación alentadora a madurar las condiciones necesarias. Siguiendo la orientación magisterial generalizada, se augura una mejora de la formulación jurídica, la superación de la disparidad de criterios entre ministros sagrados y la eficacia del control jerárquico en la encomienda del ministerio de la Confesión.
Комплексна енергоефективна теплотехнологія одержання антиоксидантного буряково-томатного барвнику та насіння томатів
Authors: Петрова Жанна Олександрівна , Пазюк Вадим Михайлович , Самойленко Катерина Миколаївна
Published: September 2021

Сучасні технології, особливо процеси сушіння, є енергозатратними. То ж, основними завданнями при розробці теплотехнології в харчовій промисловості є зменшення витрат енергоносіїв на процес зневоднення. Такі наукові розробки – це шлях до конкурентоздатної економіки та енергонезалежності України.
В зв’язку із поширенням таких хвороб як серцево-судинні захворювання, рак, зміна серцевого м'язу, неправильне перетравлення їжі, послаблення репродуктивної функції основним завданням працівників харчової промисловості є максимально замінити в готових продуктах харчування синтетичні ароматизатори, барвники на натуральні.
В Україні виробництво овочів переважає над їх вживанням. Переробка за допомогою сушіння та отримання порошкоподібного продукту практично відсутня. Сучасні способи отримання порошку зі столового буряка дають можливість зберегти бетанін на рівні 50-70 % у кінцевому продукті.
Тому розробка нових методів та удосконалення існуючих технологій сушіння столового буряка з метою отримання натурального барвника є важливою та значущою.
Червоний столовий буряк має високий вміст бетаніну з антиоксидантними властивостями і є традиційним в харчуванні населення України. Оскільки сушіння є енерговитратним процесом, зменшення енергозатрат на процес зневоднення та максимальне збереження біологічно активних речовин та зниження собівартості кінцевого продукту є актуальним.
Користь природних антиоксидантів полягає в тому, що вони здатні вступати в реакції з вільними радикалами, нейтралізуючи їх згубну дію на організм людини. Бетанін – це червоний харчовий барвник, який отриманий зі столового буряка та може використовуватись при виробництві морозива, кондитерських виробів, порошкоподібних безалкогольних напоїв.
В даній статті висвітлено безвідходну енергоефективну теплотехнологію отримання антиоксидантного буряково-томатного барвнику та насіння томатів. Завдяки використанню м’якоті та шкірки томатів, які містять органічні кислоти та відіграють роль стабілізатора барвника під час сушіння із заданими режимами. Одержано якісний насіннєвий матеріал та порошкоподібний натуральний продукт, який завдяки високому вмісту каротиноїдів, пектинів, клітковини, бетаніну, мікро- та мікроелементів може використовуватись в лікувально-профілактичному збалансованому харчуванні.
Обґрунтування взаємодії електромагнітного поля надвисокої частоти з насінням ріпаку в процесі сушіння
Authors: Бандура Валентина Миколаївна
Published: September 2021

В харчовій промисловості, основному, використовуються технології конвективного сушіння зернових і олійних культур, що реалізовані в різноманітних за конструкціями сушарках: шахтних, стрічкових, барабанних, в яких передача теплоти до сировини реалізується за допомогою сушильного агенту, нагрітого повітря. Перспективним способом при організації процесу сушіння є технологія мікрохвильової обробки насіння, що має цілий ряд відмінностей від традиційних методів зневоднення. Нагрів за рахунок мікрохвильового опромінення забезпечує підведення енергії до об’єму матеріалу, а температурою нагрівання легко керувати.
У статті представлені теоретичні та експериментальні дослідження діелектричного нагріву насіння ріпаку в процесі сушіння в мікрохвильовому полі. Проаналізовано математичні моделі тепломасообміну, розроблені для моделювання процесів мікрохвильового сушіння, і обговорені діелектричні властивості олійних культур в залежності від вологості та температури. Принцип перетворення НВЧ - енергії в теплоту заснований на ефективному поглинанні вологою продукту, що нагрівається, підведеної до нього НВЧ - енергії. При цьому теплота, що генерується в усьому об’ємі оброблюваного продукту, і що підводиться в робочу камеру НВЧ - енергія практично повністю поглинається насінням. Інтенсивність нагрівання насіння ріпаку залежить від його діелектричних властивостей і напруженості мікрохвильового поля, що  створює випромінювач.
Коефіцієнт діелектричних втрат насіння ріпаку в значній мірі залежить від вологовмісту,тобто вода відіграє основну роль в процесі поглинання енергії при діелектричному нагріві. Нелінійна залежність коефіцієнта діелектричних втрат від вологості обумовлена різноманітністю форм зв’язку вологи в насінні ріпаку. Зменшення значення коефіцієнта діелектричних втрат, з підвищенням температури ріпаку можна пояснити активними втратами води при нагріванні насіння.
Встановлення режимів температурного оброблення м'яса індички
Authors: Синиця Ольга Вікторівна
Published: September 2021

Вимоги сучасного споживача до якості м’ясних продуктів та прагнення виробників залишатися конкурентоспроможними є основною причиною для розроблення нових високоякісних м'ясних продуктів.
У більшості технологій виробництва м'ясних виробів температурне оброблення є ключовою операцією. Від способів та параметрів температурного оброблення залежать показники якості, сенсорні властивості та техніко-економічні характеристики м'ясних продуктів.
Вибір температурно-часових параметрів температурного оброблення м'яса має бути індивідуальний враховуючи вид сировини, її фізико-хімічні особливості та бажані властивості готового продукту.
Перспективною сировиною для отримання високоякісних м'ясних виробів є м'ясо індички. Висока біологічна цінність та дієтичні якості індички дозволяють їй успішно конкурувати зі свининою та яловичиною. А значний вихід забійної тушки та велика частка м’язової тканини робить її економічно привабливою у порівнянні з іншими видами домашньої птиці.
Вагомою проблемою при використанні індички у якості основної сировини в технології виробництва продукту є складність обвалювання в результаті особливостей її морфологічної структури. Вирішенням даної проблеми може стати використання попереднього температурного оброблення з подальшим обвалювання м'яса і використання вареної сировини в технології пастеризованих консервів.
У роботі представлені дослідження впливу температурно-часових режимів на структурно-механічні, фізико-хімічні, органолептичні та мікробіологічні показники гомілки індички. Проведено порівняльну оцінку гідротермічного оброблення м'яса при температурі гріючого середовища 65°C і 90 °C та показано позитивний вплив використання низькотемпературного тривалого гідротермічного оброблення на текстуру продукту та смакові властивості. Встановлено раціональність використання температури 65°C для термооброблення м'яса індички та підтверджено його мікробіологічну безпечність.
Pressure profile definition over the metal orthotropic deck surface of the decking superstructure ballast pocket from the local load action
Authors: Zasukhin Ilya
Published: September 2021

The article discusses the interaction issue between the track and the rolling stock to determine the forces working on the track during the passage of a rolling load, and their further distribution through the ballast bed. The study aims to determine the vertical pressure profile working on the orthotropic metal ballast bed slab of the railway superstructure. To determine the load share from the rolling stock transferred from the rails to the cross-sleepers, the rail is represented as a beam of infinite length with one or several concentrated forces. To determine the cross-sleeper stress-strain state, it is considered as a short beam on a cushion course. The article presents the substantiation of the flow mechanics formulas application possibility to the ballast bed. Based on the Boussinesq problem solution, calculation formulas are obtained for determining the pressure along with the ballast bed plate. The results obtained by the proposed method were compared with other authors’ experimental data and the finite element modeling results in the Midas FEA software package. The analysis took into account the design features of the ballast bed plates and the track superstructure on the existing superstructures. A theoretical study of the influence of the sheet of the covering bending stiffness on the pressure profile northing is carried out. The proposed method is applicable for various superstructure and the ballast bed slab, and also takes into account the uneven pressure distribution on the inner and outer rails from the trainload, changes in eccentricity along the length of the structure, different thickness of the ballast bed under the cross-sleepers ends, as well as the effect of centrifugal force.
Comprehensive analysis of existing endurance testing methods of flexible dowel crutches of composite reinforced concrete road bridges according to the standards of a number of countries
Authors: Kozak Nikolai
Published: September 2021

In the article, the author considers the verification issue of the endurance of the venture elements of steel-reinforced concrete spans of bridges, in particular, flexible dowel crutches («Nelson’s anchors»). According to the existing domestic regulatory framework, the endurance test of the flexible dowel crutches for road bridges is not required; at the same time, the survey’s results of the operated superstructures indicate the presence of problems associated with the insufficient endurance of these elements. The article presents comprehensive (qualitative and quantitative) comparative analysis results of the world’s existing approaches to testing the endurance of the venture elements. At the stage of qualitative analysis, the author considered methods of checking the endurance of elements in general according to the norms of 8 countries and regions (Russia, the European Union, the USA, Ukraine, Australia, Canada, Japan, China) and highlighted a basic set of methods for checking the endurance of the venture elements (Russia, the European Union, USA, Ukraine). The models of the basic set were subjected to a detailed qualitative analysis according to the criteria of the models used and the parameters included in them. The quantitative analysis of the selected basic set techniques, carried out in relation to the existing bridge, included an analysis of the effects of moving loads on the venture elements, direct elements verification using the considered methods, as well as the design damage comparison of the elements obtained by the Palmgren-Miner linear summation hypothesis. Based on the obtained values of design damage, the values of the use of endurance reserves were determined and analyzed for each of the considered methods and the conditional load model. Based on the results of the qualitative and quantitative analysis, the author draws conclusions based on the comparison of various methods and highlights the rational directions for improving the existing domestic methodology.
The opportunities of interactive technologies for enhancing the self-actualization of non-linguistic students studying a foreign language (exemplified by business game)
Authors: Baklagova Julia
Published: September 2021

The article is devoted to studying the opportunities of interactive technologies for enhancing the self-actualization of non-linguistic students studying a foreign language, exemplified by the method «business game». Interactive technologies form the learning environment where a student acts as a subject of multidirectional interaction «student — teacher» / «student — student». They contribute to forming the deliberate student’s competency and to taking the full advantage of their creative and mental potentials. Business game is intended to improve the skills of foreign language communication, to develop the social competency, to raise the proficiency in the foreign language not only as a subject of study but also as a mean of professional communication. There are the main aspects of business game which form the mechanism of enhancing the self-actualization of non-linguistic students studying a foreign language: individual constituent, collective constituent, feedback, emotional background. Individual constituent is internal conditions, collective constituent is external stimulating conditions. The author demonstrates how the role ranking in business game helps activate the cognitive interest of students and their readiness to search for the creative non-typical solutions of problematic situations. Business game mobilizes the mechanisms of students’ interpersonal perception — identification and empathy. Feedback makes cognitive, communicative and personal-conceptual aspects of study more active, actualizes the personal and group forms of reflexion. The emotional constituent of business game is the emotional atmosphere which by means of positive emotional experiences can contribute to enhancing the motivation for learning-creative activities and cognitive interest, to developing students’ needs for personal growth and self-fulfilment. Business game is a powerful motivational resource for enhancing the self-actualization of students studying a foreign language.
Prevention of hypothermia in newborn submitted to surgical procedures: an integrative review
Authors: Martins Lucas Amaral , Camargo Climene Laura de , Fernandes Elionara Teixeira Boa Sorte , Marques Patrícia Figueiredo , Aguiar Aline Cristiane de Sousa Azevedo , Castro Caroline Tianeze de
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: to discuss in the scientific literature the strategies used to prevent hypothermia in newborns undergoing surgical procedures. Methods this is an integrative literature review, with structured search in April and May 2020 in 08 databases, using the descriptors: Hypothermia; Surgical Procedures, Operative; Infant, Newborn; Protocols. Four primary studies were selected and analyzed using three instruments to assess the methodological quality of the Joanna Briggs Institute and content analysis. Results: Among the strategies used, the following stand out: room temperature control; establishment of humidification and quality of air conditioning cleanliness; use of a heated incubator or cradle; use of thermal mattress; use of caps and blanket; heated fluids; temperature monitoring and abdominal organ coverage. Conclusion good hypothermia prevention strategies were identified, despite the small number of publications on this topic; thus, it points out the need for research with strong evidence.
O diário invertido como possibilidade de variação pedagógica intensiva
Authors: Federici Conrado Augusto Gandara , Mendes Mariana Louver , Liberman Flávia
Published: September 2021

Resumo O presente artigo trata do diário invertido, uma ação pedagógica feita junto aos alunos do 3º ano de graduação de uma universidade pública. A iniciativa dos professores de enviar diários de campo aos estudantes visava horizontalizar, intensificar e qualificar a comunicação entre ambos. A proposta foi desenvolvida em uma disciplina prática com mulheres em situações de vulnerabilidade em Santos e, considerada como variação pedagógica, discutiu sobre uma prática de ensino-aprendizagem que pudesse promover relações de confiança, respeito e composição no contexto da universidade. Dar linha a um tempo melhor cadenciado alçou a qualidade dos encontros a novos ares, reconciliando a confiança e o cuidado como sentidos primevos da relação pedagógica.
Multifrequency Bioimpedance Phase Angle as a Tool to Predict Maturation Failure of Native Fistulae for Hemodialysis
Authors: JL Daza , JF Galindo , MR Villaquiran , ED Valenzuela , A Cardenas , LJ Daza , MC Correcha , J de Jong , YDLC Prieto , G Gutierrez , L Puello
Published: September 2021

Background and objectives: An arteriovenous fistula is considered to be an ideal vascular access for patients receiving hemodialysis, its main limitation is its high failure rate to achieve maturation and long-term functionality loss. Multiple strategies have attempted to identify patients at risk. Bioelectrical impedance has shown to be a valuable resource in the determination of the hydration status, and the measurement of the phase angle through this method has demonstrated to be a good indicator of the nutritional state and it’s related as a general marker of survival. The objective of this study is to analyze the role of plasma albumin and phase angle measured through bioelectrical impedance as tools useful for predicting failure of arteriovenous fistulas.
Deverbal and deadjectival nominalization in Dan: Not as different as one might think. A reply to Baker & Gondo (2020)
Authors: Vydrin Valentin Feodosievich
Published: September 2021

The paper (Baker & Gondo 2020) studies several issues in Dan morphosyntax: the formal differences between verbs, nouns and adjectives; two types of possessive constructions (with alienable and inalienable head nouns) and their syntactic structures; the derivation of nouns from verbs and adjectives; low and high nominalization; and possessive constructions with deverbal and deadjectival nouns. As it turns out, Baker & Gondo’s analyses are incorrect in some major points: the key formal differences between verbs, adjectives and nouns have been left unnoticed due to disregard for Dan tonal morphology, and for the same reason, the tonal marking of the high nominalization has also been ignored. Baker & Gondo’s syntactic analysis of the possessive construction with alienable nouns as analogous to the Saxon genitive (king’s house) cannot be accepted; in fact, it can be compared with the genitive construction seen in English the house of the king. Possessive constructions with deverbal and deadjectival nouns are not as radically opposed as one may think after reading Baker & Gondo’s paper; in fact, a noun derived from an intransitive verb can sometimes appear as an alienable noun with respect to its theme, and, conversely, a deadjectival noun can appear as a relational noun with respect to the modified noun.
Substituent Effects in 3,3’ Bipyrazole Derivatives. X-ray Crystal Structures, Molecular Properties and DFT Analysis
Authors: Bouabdallah Ibrahim , Harit Tarik , Rahal Mahmoud , Malek Fouad , Tillard Monique , Eddike Driss
Published: September 2021

The single crystal X-ray structure of new 1,1’-bis(2-nitrophenyl)-5,5’-diisopropyl-3,3’-bipyrazole, 1, is triclinic P I–, a = 7.7113(8), b = 12.3926(14), c = 12.9886(12) Å, α = 92.008(8), β = 102.251(8), γ = 99.655(9)°. The structural arrangement is compared to that of 5,5’-diisopropyl-3,3’-bipyrazole, 5, whose single crystal structure is found tetragonal I41/a, a = b = 11.684(1), c = 19.158(1) Å. The comparison is also extended to the structures previously determined for 1,1’-bis(2-nitrophenyl)-5,5’-propyl-3,3’-bipyrazole, 2, 1,1’-bis(4-nitrophenyl)-5,5’-diisopropyl-3,3’-bipyrazole, 3, and 1,1’-bis(benzyl)-5,5’-diisopropyl-3,3’-bipyrazole, 4. Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations are used to investigate the molecular geometries and to determine the global reactivity parameters. The geometry of isolated molecules and the molecular arrangements in the solid state are analyzed according to the nature of the groups connected to the bipyrazole core.
»Kisanje« severnega Jadrana
Authors: Faganeli Jadran , Ogrinc Nives , Tamše Samo , Krajnc Bor , Turk Valentina , Malej Alenka , Kovač Nives
Published: September 2021

Prikazan je kratek pregled dosedanjega znanja o karbonatnem ravnotežju severnega Jadrana, ki je dobro pufran zaradi dotoka karbonata z rekami alpskega in kraškega izvora in s tem omejenemu »kisanju«. V prihodnosti napovedujemo še vedno uravnoteženost s povečanim raztapljanjem CO2. V plitvih evtrofnih obalnih vodah bo lahko povezan vpliv povečanja atmosferskega CO2, naraščajoče temperatutre in rečnega vnosa antropogenega CO2 ter zmanjšane puferske kapacitete povečal »kisanje« morja in pomembno vplival na karbonatne organizme.
Low throughput protocol for immunoprecipitation followed by mass spectrometry of cells stably expressing an HA-tagged protein v1
Authors: JW Harper
Published: September 2021

Analysis of protein complexes by mass spectrometry provides a powerful approach for identifying proteins that associate with other proteins. Frequently, this can be done by expressing the protein of interest with an epitope tag, such as a Hemagglutinin-A (HA) epitope, using either a stably expressed lentivirus or by gene editing the HA epitope into the gene of interest. The protocol has been used extensively to create the Bioplex protein interaction network [Huttlin et al Nature. 545:505-509 (2017); Huttlin et al Cell, 162: 425-440 (2015)].
Association of serum prostate-specific antigen with Complete Blood Counts in patients with prostatic cancer
Authors:   Consultant Pathologist, Malladad Rudramma Memorial Hospital, Haveri, Karnataka, India, Basavaraj Dr. Rashmi G S , Malladad Dr. Ravikumar ,   Consultant Physician, Malladad Rudramma Memorial Hospital, Haveri, Karnataka, India
Published: September 2021

Background: Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer and one of the most leadingcauses of death in men worldwide. The prostate-specific antigen (PSA) as a screening methodshowed that there has been a slight decrease in prostate cancer mortality. Effective biomarkers inscreening and diagnosis would be beneficial for avoiding unnecessary operations. The predictive andprognostic value of complete blood count (CBC) has been manifested by recent studies. We aimed todetermine the association of serum PSA with Complete blood counts in patients with prostate cancer.Method: The present study included 100 subjects, 50 patients diagnosed with new prostate cancerand 50 patients with prostate cancer. All the was undertaken in the central diagnostic laboratory atVIMS and RC. Blood samples were collected from all the subjects after taken permission from theinstitutional ethics committee and consent form. The haemoglobin, RBCs, MCV, MCHC, RDW will beanalysed by using laboratory standard methods (Beckman coulter LH-780) and The serum PSAlevels are estimated by commercially available kits based on enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). Results: In the present study found significantly elevated levels of a prostate specificantigen in both groups of prostatic cancer patients. The reduced levels of hemoglobin, red bloodcells, platelets, neutrophils were observed in prostatic cancer patients when compared to newlydiagnosed prostate cancer patients. The PSA levels were negatively correlated with total bloodcounts. Conclusion: This study suggests that the elevated levels of prostate specific antigen wereuseful for diagnosis and prognosis of prostatic cancers, along with the monitoring of complete bloodcount may be useful for the treatment of patients with prostatic cancers.
Algorithm for Automated Generation of a Training Sample for Solving the Problem of Determining Semantic Similarity between a Pair of Keywords using Machine Learning Methods
Authors:   Moscow State University, Moscow, 119192, Russian Federation, Lunev K. V.
Published: September 2021

Currently, machine learning is an effective approach to solving many problems of information-analytical systems. To use such approaches, a training set of examples is required. Collecting a training dataset is usually a time-consuming process. Its implementation requires the participation of several experts in the subject area for which the training set is collected. Moreover, for some tasks, including the task of determining the semantic similarity of keyword pairs, it is difficult even to correctly draw up instructions for experts to adequately evaluate the test examples. The reason for such difficulties is that semantic similarity is a subjective value and strongly depends on the scope, context, person, and task. The article presents the results of research on the search for models, algorithms and software tools for the automated formation of objects of the training sample in the problem of determining the semantic similarity of a pair of words. In addition, models built on an automated training sample allow us to solve not only the problem of determining semantic similarity, but also an arbitrary problem of classifying edges of a graph. The methods used in this paper are based on graph theory algorithms.
East as a cultural trend
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Gritsenko V. S.
Published: September 2021

The article is devoted to one of the most complex phenomena of the dialectic of cultural development – individual spiritual identification through the selection and development of individual components of a foreign cultural spiritual resource, in this case – the traditional cultures of China and Japan. Contrary to its predominantly factual scientific consideration in the context of issues of cultural borrowing, "spiritual migration" to the East is analyzed as a stable trend, which has its source in the essential intentions of man, remaining not only constant in the centuries-old past of mankind, but also inescapable in its further cultural movement. In this context, the author considers the historical manifestations of heightened interest in the treasures of the Far Eastern cultural area, its transformation from a simple admiration for exotics to confessing the philosophical and worldview guidelines presented by them. The phenomenon of the cultural trend studied in this way, having demonstrated its ability to identify and preserve spiritual recreation, is revealed in its direct connection with the dialectical processes of the cultural development of mankind. In culturology, fashion and the processes of trend formation belong to the issues of the essential series, because they reveal a person's constant desire for change motivated by self-development. According to historical evidence, the orbit of fashion as a way of cultural identification includes not only material and procedural phenomena, but also cultural and ideological complexes with their own model of worldview and behavioral regulations. The emphasis on them arises from the needs of personal self-identification, problematized by the circumstances of personal or public life. The motive for such a choice is the search for a spiritual optimum conducive to self-realization and inner freedom of self-expression. Its absence forms compensatory "trend nodes", the appearance of which is thus predictable, as well as the resource needed to meet this cultural demand. It is at the disposal of cultures formed on the basis of philosophical and worldview universals that consider man as a significant unit of the universe. Some of them are gone, but the cultural memory of mankind preserves the memory of their legacy left to intellectuals. The existing traditional cultures, which for thousands of years nurtured their spiritual core, becoming a Mecca for the spiritually thirsty, have the integral effectiveness of the resource.