bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Governing Dependencies
Authors: Philips Menaka
Published: July 2023

Chapter 6 closes out the comparative assessment of Mill’s political interventions by turning to his writings on empire. As with his feminist and class politics, Mill’s imperial writings are often read through his liberal status. For scholars interested in the imperial roots of liberal political thought, Mill’s talismanic status within that tradition makes him the model “liberal imperialist.” This approach has also set Mill’s writings on empire apart from his domestic considerations, such that his “radicalism” at home is contrasted with his “imperialism” abroad. Following Mill’s uncertain mode of politics, however, enables a clearer comparative view of Mill’s radical, gradualist, and paternalist strategies across these issues. Even as Mill defends the imperial project and refutes the right of self-determination for colonized subjects, he is never wholly comfortable with the realities of colonial rule—a discomfort that has been almost entirely obscured in the now standard reading of Mill as a “liberal imperialist.” That discomfort leads him to make some striking critiques of the British Empire and its colonial administrators, on issues of violence, education, and the demands of justice. That he could both defend and doubt empire is an effect not of ideological certainty but of political uncertainty.
Meditation in the Pali Social Imaginary II
Authors: McMahan David L.
Published: July 2023

Contemplations of the insides of bodies and of corpses in early meditation literature show that seeing the body “as it is” was not bare, nonconceptual, value-neutral awareness but a matter of highlighting the body’s vulnerability and foulness and creating a sense of detachment and distaste toward it. Other meditations in the Satipaṭṭhāna Sutta present Buddhist taxonomies through which practitioners learn to see the world and practices to habituate the mind to seeing it this way. Meditative insight, on this model, is not simply matter of nonjudgmental, nonconceptual attention to the present moment, nor does it yield an unmediated, objective knowledge stripped of all cultural conditioning. Rather, it is a complex, embodied, and culturally embedded affair that entails constructing an alternative system of concepts, forming alternative dispositions, creating different bases of valuing, and reconditioning—not just deconditioning—habits of mind and body.
Postscript: The Iron Age and the Anthropocene
Authors: McMahan David L.
Published: July 2023

Indian meditative practices were first developed by ancient ascetics aspiring to transcend the world and attain benefits beyond those that could be provided by the gods. These practices, transformed, reinvented, and rethought over and over again, have snaked their way through many cultural worlds down to ours, where they are redeployed to penetrate through the layered illusions of media, to find quite refuge amid the chaotic and frenzied demands of contemporary life, and to nurture the monumental compassion necessary to “save all sentient beings.” It is yet to be seen whether these Iron-Age practices are able not only to bring personal calm but also to contribute to the transformation of the Anthropocene into a more livable age.
Higher gestational weight gain delays wound healing and reduces expression of long non‐coding RNA KLRK1‐AS1 in neonatal endothelial progenitor cells
Authors: Weiss Elisa , Schrüfer Anna , Tocantins Carolina , Diniz Mariana Simoes , Novakovic Boris , van Bergen Anke S. , Kulovic‐Sissawo Azra , Saffery Richard , Boon Reinier A. , Hiden Ursula
Published: July 2023

High gestational weight gain (GWG) is a cardiovascular risk factor and may disturb neonatal endothelial function. Long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulate gene expression epigenetically and can modulate endothelial function. Endothelial colony forming cells (ECFCs), circulating endothelial precursors, are a recruitable source of endothelial cells and sustain endothelial function, vascular growth and repair. We here investigated whether higher GWG affects neonatal ECFC function and elucidated the role of lncRNAs herein. Wound healing of umbilical cord blood‐derived ECFCs after pregnancies with GWG <13 kg versus >13 kg was determined in a scratch assay and based on monolayer impedance after electric wounding (electric cell‐substrate impedance sensing, ECIS). LncRNA expression was analysed by RNA sequencing. The function of killer cell lectin‐like receptor K1 antisense RNA (KLRK1‐AS1) was investigated after siRNA‐based knockdown. Closure of the scratch was delayed by 25% (P = 0.041) in the higher GWG group and correlated inversely with GWG (R = −0.538, P = 0.012) in all subjects (n = 22). Similarly, recovery of the monolayer barrier after electric wounding was delayed (−11% after 20 h; P = 0.014; n = 15). Several lncRNAs correlated with maternal GWG, the most significant one being KLRK1‐AS1 (log2 fold change = −0.135, P < 0.001, n = 35). KLRK1‐AS1 knockdown (n = 4) reduced barrier recovery after electric wounding by 21% (P = 0.029) and KLRK1‐AS1 expression correlated with the time required for wound healing for both scratch (R = 0.447, P = 0.033) and impedance‐based assay (R = 0.629, P = 0.014). Higher GWG reduces wound healing of neonatal ECFCs, and lower levels of the lncRNA KLRK1‐AS1 may underlie this.

image

Key points

Maternal cardiovascular risk factors such as diabetes, obesity and smoking in pregnancy disturb fetal endothelial function, and we here investigated whether also high gestational weight gain (GWG) has an impact on fetal endothelial cells.

Circulating endothelial progenitor cells (endothelial colony forming cells, ECFCs) are highly abundant in the neonatal blood stream and serve as a circulating pool for vascular growth and repair.

We revealed that higher GWG delays wound healing capacity of ECFCs in vitro.

We identified the regulatory RNA lncRNA KLRK1‐AS1 as a link between GWG and delayed ECFC wound healing.

Our data show that high GWG, independent of pre‐pregnancy BMI, affects neonatal ECFC function.
Effectiveness of Three Types of Moisturizers on Senile Dry Skin: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial
Authors: Aoki Miku , Hata Natsuki , Yotsuya Junko
Published: July 2023

Background. For dry skin, the application of a hypoallergenic moisturizer twice daily is recommended in elderly individuals. However, it is not known which is the most effective and appropriate moisturizer among the commercially available moisturizers. Aims. In this study, we aimed to investigate the efficacy of the three widely used moisturizers for the treatment of senile dry skin. Patients/Methods. This interventional study involved elderly individuals aged >65 years who were living in a nursing home. The participants were randomly divided into the interventional (moisturizers A, B, and C) and conventional care groups. Moisturizers A, B, and C were applied on the skin of each member of the three intervention groups twice daily for 8 weeks. The water content of the stratum corneum and transepidermal water loss (TEWL) were evaluated before and after the intervention. Changes in these parameters among the groups were compared using two-way analysis of variance and a posthoc test. Results. Moisturizers A, B, and C and conventional care groups comprised six, seven, five, and four participants, respectively. The water content of the stratum corneum was significantly higher in the moisturizer A

p
=
0.01

and B

p
=
0.047

groups than in the conventional care group. There was no significant difference in TEWL among the groups. Conclusions. In terms of the appearance of the skin, white powder and small scales were both reduced in group A. Taken together with the water content, this was considered a clinically significant change.
Influence of COVID-19 on Patients with Esophageal Varices under Prophylactic Endoscopic Band Ligation Therapy
Authors: Craciun Ana , Botto Inês , Lopes Joao , Moura Miguel , Carvalhana Sofia , Cortez-Pinto Helena , Tato Marinho Rui
Published: July 2023

Background and Objectives: Endoscopic band ligation (EBL) plays a critical role in patients with clinically significant portal hypertension, as variceal eradication (VE) is essential to prevent further variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding (GI). The emergence of COVID-19 has led to a dramatic reduction in endoscopic activity. Our study aimed to evaluate the effect of COVID-19 on VE, GI, and 6-month mortality of patients treated with prophylactic EBL therapy. In addition, our goal was to identify the risk factors for our proposed outcomes. Methods: A single-center retrospective cohort study included patients with esophageal varices treated with prophylactic EBL therapy between 2017 and 2021. To demonstrate the impact of COVID-19 on two independent groups on prophylactic EBL therapy with 1 year of follow-up, March 2019 was selected as the cut-off date. Clinical, laboratory, and endoscopic data were recovered from electronic reports. Results: Ninety-seven patients underwent 398 prophylactic EBL sessions, 75 men (77.3%) with mean age 59 ± 12 years. Most achieved VE (60.8%), 14.4% had GI bleeding post-therapy, and 15.5% died at 6 months. The rate of variceal obliteration was significantly lower in the pandemic group (40.9% vs. 77.4% in the pre-pandemic group, p = 0.001). Mean number of EBL sessions and pandemic group were independently associated with incomplete VE, while MELD-Na, portal vein thrombosis and failed VE were identified as risk factors associated with mortality at 6 months. Conclusions: Almost 60% of patients in the pandemic group failed to eradicate esophageal varices. Failure to achieve this result conferred a higher risk of GI bleeding and death at 6 months, the latter also significantly associated with the MELD-Na score and portal vein thrombosis. Our study is among the first to demonstrate the impact of COVID-19 in patients receiving prophylactic EBL therapy.
Privacy and data protection in Latin America: Regulatory initiatives and collisions with the right to freedom of expression on the internet
Authors: Califano Bernadette
Published: July 2023

The aim of this article is to analyse comparatively a set of laws and bills that were submitted in eight Latin American countries (Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Guatemala, Mexico, Paraguay and Peru) on privacy and protection of personal data during the first two decades of the twenty-first century, in order to describe the regulatory tendencies and legislative challenges found at the regional level to regulate these issues. The key question to be answered is to what extent the regulation of issues associated with privacy and protection of personal data may impact the guarantees for the exercise of freedom of expression in the Latin American digital landscape.
Algunas variables asociadas al plagio académico: un caso en una universidad colombiana
Authors: Marciales Parra Nicolás , Manrique Lopez Karina , Alvarado Jimenez German
Published: July 2023

Este artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación que busca determinar variables y condiciones que inciden en un estudiante universitario sobre su propensión a cometer plagio académico. El estudio se basó en los resultados obtenidos por una encuesta anónima y se desarrollaron varios modelos de regresión que permiten identificar las variables asociadas a la propensión al plagio. Como conclusiones de los modelos se resaltan que hay una menor disposición al plagio académico si el estudiante es mujer —aunque se identificó, mediante pruebas de bondad de ajuste, que en la mayoría de los tipos de plagio académico que ocurren en el aula el género del estudiante es independiente del tipo de trampa—, y que se establece una relación inversa entre el miedo al fracaso y el castigo que se obtendría si se es atrapado como determinantes en la propensión al plagio, así como otras conclusiones y propuestas en estudios posteriores.
Mill demonstration of TMP production from forest thinnings: Pulp quality, refining energy, and handsheet properties
Authors: Zhu J. Y. , Scott Tim , Gleisner Roland , Mann Doreen , Dykstra D. P. , Quinn G. Holton , Edwards Louis L.
Published: July 2023

High-value, large-volume utilization of forest thinning materials from U.S. National Forests is a potentially important contributor to sustainable forest health. This study demonstrated the utilization of wood chips produced from thinnings for the production of thermomechanical pulp (TMP). Both whole-log chips (primarily from small-diameter logs, tops, and reject logs) and sawmill “residue” chips from a HewsawTM system (Mäntyharju, Finland) were evaluated. The residue chips produced in this study were substituted for a TMP mill’s standard residue chips up to about 50%. The whole-log chips were substituted for the mill’s whole-log chips up to about 30%. The results show that substitution of chips produced from forest thinnings reduced refining energy in all trials. Pulp quality was maintained throughout all trials.
Contexto histórico das formas de organização da produção: repercussões organizacionais e sociais
Authors: Fontoura Fernando Batista Bandeira da , Tenório Fernando Guilherme , Allebrandt Sergio Luis
Published: July 2023

O presente ensaio tem como objetivo analisar o contexto histórico das formas de organização da produção como elemento fundamental e estruturante de todas as dinâmicas das organizações e da sociedade, bem como fator que influenciou as relações organizacionais, com repercussões sociais e no estilo de vida das pessoas. Este constructo analisa as formas de organização da produção – desde as pré-industriais, passando pela massificação da sociedade industrial até chegar às possibilidades diversificadas, denominadas neste ensaio de pós-industriais, entendendo as contradições de cada macroperíodo histórico, sem nenhuma pretensão de definir esses períodos como “caixas” fechadas.
MORBIDADE POR LER/DORT E ACIDENTES DE TRABALHO NA MACRORREGIONAL I PARAÍBA: UMA ANÁLISE EPIDEMIOLÓGICA
Authors: Guimarães Nolêto Martins Isabela , Clara Teles de Souza Maria , Myller de Oliveira Almeida Thales , Figueiredo Cunha Pedro Jorge , Barbosa Almeida Carmen Verônica , Souto Silva Cleyton Cézar
Published: July 2023

O estudo teve como objetivo descrever o perfil epidemiológico das lesões por esforço repetitivo (LER), distúrbios osteomusculares relacionados ao trabalho (DORT) e acidentes de trabalho (AT) nos anos de 2018 a 2021. Para isso, foi feita uma pesquisa epidemiológica com base nos dados do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN) e da plataforma Smartlab do Ministério Público do Trabalho e Organização Internacional do Trabalho. Os resultados demonstram que, entre 2018-2019, foram notificados pelo SINAN, na Macroregional I da Paraíba, um total de 2.360 acidentes de trabalho (AT). Já em 2020, foram notificados 994 casos e 2027 casos na Macrorregional I, no que se refere aos AT. No que diz respeito à estimativa de subnotificação de AT pela Comunicação de Acidentes de Trabalho (CAT), houve um percentual 20% de casos subnotificados em 2021.Com relação a LER/DORT, entre 2018 e 2019, foram notificados 409 casos pelo SINAN, e 233 casos de abertura de CAT. Em relação ao período de 2020, foram notificados no SINAN, 89 casos de LER/DORT na Paraíba, sendo 34 na Macrorregião I. Já em 2021, o número aumenta para 144 casos, sendo as mulheres mais vulneráveis ao desenvolvimento deste agravo. Portanto, fica evidente que os casos de LER/DORT e AT ainda são alarmantes e duradouros, sendo necessário o estabelecimento de políticas de proteção e prevenção, bem como melhorias nos sistemas de informação para compreensão mais concreta destes agravos a saúde do trabalhador.
NARRATIVAS EM REDES SOCIAIS DE PAIS DE CRIANÇAS COM CÂNCER
Authors: Leal Dantas Luana Adrielle , Solano Lorrainy da Cruz , Cruz Leodise Maria Dantas Soares , Oliveira Lucidio Clebeson de
Published: July 2023

Objetiva-se identificar possíveis necessidades de aprendizagem dos pais/cuidadores de crianças com câncer. Trata-se de uma pesquisa documental com abordagem qualitativa realizada em redes sociais do tipo blogs. Foram analisados 36 sites e somente 3 após a leitura preliminar atenderam aos critérios de inclusão. Os blogs foram avaliados, detalhadamente, seguindo os passos da análise temática de conteúdo de Bardin. Os resultados evidenciaram três categorias temáticas: o valor da identificação precoce do câncer, a definição da terapêutica e o impacto das reações adversas. Por meio do acompanhamento de blogs sobre as vivências do câncer infantil, foram observados fatos semelhantes entre os relatos durante todo o percurso da busca pela cura da doença. As três categorias temáticas permitiram evidenciar como possíveis necessidades de aprendizagem dos pais/cuidadores das crianças com câncer: conhecer os principais sinais e sintomas do câncer, distinguir a terapêutica específica para o tumor e a consciência das prováveis reações adversas ao tratamento. O valor da identificação das necessidades de aprendizagem dos pais/cuidadores consiste em elaborar estratégias de educação em saúde que tracem objetivos educacionais específicos visando atenuar a angústia e o medo comuns ao diagnóstico e implementação do tratamento oncológico. A enfermagem precisa estar atenta a essa demanda do processo de trabalho para ofertar cuidado humanizado e com qualidade.
Análisis del efecto de la tasa del ISR en la rentabilidad de la industria mexicana de la agrobiotecnología. Caso Gruma
Authors: Vargas Vega Teresa de Jesús , Hernández Veleros Zeus Salvador , Saavedra García María Luisa , Moreno Islas Heriberto
Published: July 2023

Este trabajo tiene como propósito examinar, mediante un análisis descriptivo y econométrico, la conceptualización y el efecto que genera la tasa impositiva del impuesto sobre la renta (ISR) en la rentabilidad de las empresas. Aplicando una investigación de tipo descriptivo-analítica, se verificó la conceptualización de los factores que afectan la tasa impositiva y el comportamiento de la misma a lo largo del tiempo. Por otra parte, para medir el efecto de la tasa del ISR sobre la rentabilidad, se analizó el caso de una empresa del sector de la agrobiotecnología que cotizó en la Bolsa Mexicana de Valores (BMV) durante el periodo 1993-2018. Entre los hallazgos sobresalientes, se puede destacar que, en el caso de México, la tasa corporativa es una tasa impositiva estándar, cuyo comportamiento presentó cambios poco significativos a lo largo del periodo estudiado. Los resultados de las pruebas empíricas permiten afirmar que la tasa influye de manera significativa en la rentabilidad empresarial del sector.
Ethics and New Health Technologies: An Innovative Descriptive Analysis of the State of the Literature
Authors: Gietzen Luke J. , Ogilvie Sarah J. , Steerling Emilie , Houston Rebecca , Nygren Jens M. , de Ruiter Hans-Peter
Published: July 2023

The exponential advancement of health technologies has led to an increasing need for awareness and critical thinking about the potential unintended consequences and ethical dilemmas that may arise from using new technologies. Unfortunately, many ethical issues arise post-implementation. Few researchers preemptively consider the ethical implications of health technologies. The current study located more than 24 million articles in PubMed that discussed common health technologies. Of these, 0.07% ( n = 17,816) articles deeply considered the technology's potential ethical implications. Critical thinking and ethics are the mainstays of nursing practice. Thus, critically thinking about the potential ethical implications of relevant technologies should be at the forefront of research; we contend that this is not common practice. We hope to shed light on this issue to remind researchers to think like nurses when researching new health technologies.
Calidad ecológica estimada con macroinvertebrados y características fisicoquímicas de un río urbano andino, Ayacucho-Perú
Authors:   , Oré Fuentes Brenda Patricia
Published: July 2023

Introducción: Los ecosistemas acuáticos de agua dulce están siendo alterados por el hombre, como los ríos que atraviesan aglomeraciones humanas, los que manifiestan el síndrome del río urbano. En Latinoamérica no se conoce mucho sobre los ríos y el comportamiento de la biota en estas condiciones. Los macroinvertebrados, como bioindicadores, pueden acercarnos a conocer más sobre el funcionamiento de los ecosistemas acuáticos, considerando que la altitud y otros factores locales influyen en su composición y abundancia, siendo necesario conocer sus particularidades por cuencas y microcuencas para su uso en la determinación de la calidad ecológica. Objetivo: Evaluar la calidad ecológica del río Alameda mediante el empleo de los índices BMWP/Col y ABI basados en macroinvertebrados acuáticos en relación a las características fisicoquímicas del agua afectada por la ciudad de Ayacucho. Metodología: Se establecieron seis estaciones de monitoreo en el curso del río Alameda, considerando su ubicación con respecto al área urbana de la ciudad de Ayacucho, antes (I y II), durante (III y IV) y después del centro urbano (V y VI). Se colectaron macroinvertebrados (red Surber) y agua cada 15 días, desde noviembre de 2019 hasta febrero de 2020. Los macroinvertebrados fueron identificados hasta género y familia, para estimar los índices BMWP/Col y ABI. Con la información de macroinvertebrados se realizó análisis de conglomerados, componentes principales (PCA) y comparación multivariadas no paramétricas (NPMANOVA) para identificar posibles diferencias entre estaciones de muestreo. Para las características fisicoquímicas se utilizó la prueba de Kruskal–Wallis (α=0.05). Se utilizó la correlación Rho de Spearman para evaluar la magnitud de la relación entre los índices y las variables ambientales.
HAVERÁ ESPAÇO PARA O HUMANO NA ERA DA QUÍMICA IN SILICO?
Authors: de Candido Jorge , Loguercio Rochele
Published: July 2023

WILL THERE BE SPACE FOR THE HUMAN IN THE AGE OF IN SILICO CHEMISTRY? The mobilization of this article/essay is to problematize the impact that new technologies (Artificial Intelligence and Automation) have on the subjects of science, especially in the field of chemistry. In a theoretical analysis, we discuss the potential that smart technologies emerge in our daily lives, in our studies, in our professional activities and in the construction of scientific knowledge itself. In a first analysis, there are three inflections that need to be considered when such technologies fold subjects, spaces, society and that is most innate to human beings: thinking and the construction of knowledge. Thus, the movements that chemistry and its subjects have – and will have – in this emerging (4th) Industrial Revolution are problematized.
Face Detection from CCTV Footage using OpenCV and Haar Cascade
Authors: K. M Radhika , Bakkannavar Shankar M. , M.S Arjun , Bhat Samarth Bhaskar
Published: July 2023

Abstract: With the rapid growth of surveillance systems, the need for efficient and accurate face detection in closed-circuit television (CCTV) footage has become increasingly crucial. Face detection plays a pivotal role in various applications, including security, law enforcement, forensic investigations, and social monitoring. This research aims to provide a comprehensive review and analysis of the existing techniques and approaches for face detection in CCTV footage. The study begins by examining the challenges and complexities associated with face detection in CCTV footage, such as variations in lighting conditions, camera angles, occlusions, and image quality. A thorough analysis of the existing literature is conducted, encompassing traditional methods such as Viola-Jones. The findings of this study contribute to enhancing the understanding of face detection in CCTV footage and provide valuable insights for researchers, practitioners, and system developers. The analysis of different approaches and their performance under varying conditions will assist in the design and implementation of robust face detection systems for real-world applications, ultimately improving the effectiveness and reliability of surveillance and security systems
Pencabutan Peraturan Menteri Perdagangan No 6 Tahun 2022 Perspektif Hukum Islam
Authors: Ratna
Published: July 2023

Kementerian Perdagangan mengeluarkan aturan berupa Peraturan Menteri Perdagangan No 6 Tahun 2022 Tentang Penetapan Harga Eceran Tertinggi Minyak Goreng Sawit untuk menurunkan harga minyak goreng di pasaran. Namun aturan tersebut dicabut dikarenakan ada problem baru yang muncul. Penelitian ini bermaksud untuk mencari tahu dan meneliti latar belakang terjadinya pencabutan peraturan tersebut dan bagaimana pandangan Hukum Islam terhadap Pencabutan Peraturan Menteri Perdagangan No 6 Tahun 2022 tentang Penetapan Harga Eceran Tertinggi Minyak Goreng Sawit.

Jenis penelitian ini termasuk menggunakan penelitian kepustakaan (Library Research) yaitu jenis penelitian yang sumber datanya diperoleh dari literatur. Penelitian ini menggunakan sumber data primer dan sumber data sekunder yang mendukung penelitian. Metode pengumpulan data adalah dokumentasi, tindakan selanjutnya metode analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisa kualitatif deskriptif dengan model interaktif (Interactive Model of Analysis), yang kemudian dilanjutkan dengan penganalisaan data yang menghasilkan kesimpulan.

Penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa, pencabutan Peraturan Menteri No 6 Tahun 2022 tentang Penetapan Harga Eceran Tertinggi Minyak Goreng Sawit tidak bertentangan dengan hukum Islam dan tidak bertentangan dengan pandangan jumhur ulama yang berpendapat bahwa dalam situasi dan kondisi apapun, baik harga itu melonjak disebabkan oleh pedagang maupun disebabkan tanpa campur tangan pedagang, maka segala bentuk campur tangan dalam penetapan harga tidak dibenarkan. Rasulullah sangat menghargai harga yang dibentuk oleh pasar sebagai harga yang adil. Rasulullah menolak adanya price intervention seandainya perubahan harga terjadi karena mekanisme pasar yang wajar. Pasar disini mengharuskan adanya moralitas, antara lain: persaingan yang sehat (fair play), kejujuran (honesty), keterbukaan (transparency) dan keadilan (justice). Jika nilai-nilai ini telah ditegakkan, maka tidak ada alasan untuk menolak harga pasar.

Kata kunci: Hukum Islam, penetapan harga, Peraturan Menteri Perdagangan, Penetapan Harga Eceran Tertinggi, Minyak Goreng Sawit.
Chondrichthyan spines from the Famennian (Upper Devonian) of Russia
Authors: Lebedev Oleg A. , Ivanov Alexander O. , Linkevich Valeriy V.
Published: July 2023

Very rare chondrichthyan spines from the Famennian (Upper Devonian) of European Russia are referred here to ctenacanthiforms, euselachians and a chondrichthyan group of uncertain systematic position. Ctenacanthus Agassiz, 1837 is recorded from the lower and middle Famennian of the central and north-western parts of the area. Sculptospina makhlaevi Lebedev gen. et sp. nov. originates from the lower Famennian of the Lipetsk Region. The holotype of ‘Ctenacanthus’ jaekeli Gross, 1933 and a new specimen from the upper Famennian of the South Urals are shown to belong to the same taxon, which is transferred to Acondylacanthus St. John and Worthen, 1875. New specimens of Tuberospina nataliae Lebedev, 1995 from the upper Famennian of Central Russia are described in detail. The newly presented material increases our knowledge of the composition of Famennian marine assemblages from the East European Platform. It is suggested that these assemblages may be classified as chondrichthyan-dominated and dipnoan-dominated. Hypothetically, after the end- Devonian Hangenberg extinction event, which affected numerous secondary consumers in vertebrate communities, some chondrichthyan groups could have encroached to take advantage of previously occupied ecological niches. Ctenacanthus, as well as Acondylacanthus and Amelacanthus survived the end-Devonian mass extinction to continue into the Carboniferous.
Acorn barnacles (Crustacea, Thoracica, Balanomorpha) from the Eocene and Oligocene of the Isle of Wight and Hampshire (United Kingdom) and Manche, northern France
Authors: Gale Andrew Scott
Published: July 2023

Balanomorph cirripedes from the Eocene–Oligocene of the Hampshire Basin (United Kingdom) and the Middle Eocene of the Cotentin Peninsula, Manche (France) are described. A new genus, Vectibalanus, is founded, with the type species Balanus unguiformis J. de C. Sowerby, 1846; assigned to this are also Balanus erisma J. de C. Sowerby, 1846 and Vectibalanus mortoni sp. nov. In addition, a new species of Lophobalanus Zullo, 1984, L. fresvillensis sp. nov., is described. This is the first record of that genus from outside the eastern USA and the oldest species known to date. Cladistic analysis of 24 morphological characters suggests that Vectibalanus unguiformis is sister taxon to a group comprising the most derived balanomorph taxa, and thus represents an important transition in the evolution of the group, with the initiation of development of a complex parietal wall structure. Vectibalanus unguiformis was evidently adapted to low salinity habitats (10–30 ppt), and is the oldest known brackish water barnacle. The other species ( V. erisma, V. mortoni sp. nov.) occupied more clearly marine environments (>30 ppt). Balanomorph barnacles appeared simultaneously in the Priabonian (Upper Eocene) of the Gulf and Atlantic seaboards of the USA and northwest Europe, which probably represents a northerly migration from Tethys.
Middle Devonian acanthodians from Belarus – new data and interregional biostratigraphy
Authors: Plax Dmitry P. , Newman Michael
Published: July 2023

The Lower Devonian (Emsian) and Middle Devonian of Belarus contain assemblages of biostratigraphically useful faunal and floral microremains. Surface deposits are few, with most material being derived from borehole cores. Acanthodian scales are particularly numerous and comparison with scales from other regions of the Old Red Sandstone continent (Laurussia), specifically the Orcadian Basin of Scotland, the Baltic Region, Spitsbergen, and Severnaya Zemlya have demonstrated a lot of synonymy of acanthodian species between these areas. This is especially the case between Belarus, the Orcadian Basin and the Baltic Region, which has allowed us to produce an interregional biostratigraphic scheme, as well as to postulate marine connection routes between these areas. The acanthodian biostratigraphy of Belarus is particularly important as it is associated with spores and marine invertebrates, so giving the potential of more detailed correlations across not only the Old Red Sandstone continent, but elsewhere in the Devonian world. We also demonstrate that differences in preservation (e.g., wear and how articulated a specimen is) is one of the main reasons for synonymy.
Ophiuroids from the Upper Jurassic of Kuyavia and the Kraków-Częstochowa Upland, Poland
Authors: Loba Michał , Radwańska Urszula
Published: July 2023

Ophiuroids from the Upper Jurassic marine deposits (upper Oxfordian–lower Kimmeridgian) of southern and north-western Poland have been studied in two sections: Zalas quarry in the Kraków-Częstochowa Upland in southern Poland and Wapienno/Bielawy quarries in the Kuyavia region of north-western Poland. Described herein are nine taxa belonging to five genera (one new to science): Alternacantha Thuy and Meyer, 2013; Dermocoma Hess, 1964; Ophiobartia Loba gen. nov.; Ophioderma Müller and Troschel, 1840; Ophiotreta Verrill, 1899, and three families: Ophiacanthidae and Ophiodermatidae (both of Ljungman, 1867), and Ophiotomidae Paterson, 1985. Only a few representatives of some of these taxa have previously been reported from the Jurassic of Poland. One species, Ophiobartia radwanskii Loba, is established as new. The ophiuroid material recognized from both Polish localities is close to those described from Western Europe at family or even genus level. Both studied ophiuroid assemblages from Zalas and Wapienno/Bielawy show similarities, being dominated by the cosmopolitan species Ophioderma spectabile Hess, 1966, and by different species of Dermocoma. The recognized ophiuroid assemblages represent a rather shallow-water environment.
Application of malacological analysis to reconstruct climate fluctuations and human activity during the Middle and Late Holocene. Research in the valley of the Grajcarek stream (Pieniny Mts., southern Poland)
Authors: Alexandrowicz Witold Paweł
Published: July 2023

The scope of this analysis included fluvial sediments of the low terrace of the Grajcarek stream in the Małe Pieniny Mts. (Western Carpathians). The structure of the terrace has been surveyed in five profiles. The sedimentary sequence includes alternating layers of gravel and calcareous mud with a maximum thickness of up to 2.2 m. A rich and varied malacofauna has been found in the mud. The age of the sediments was determined using the radiocarbon method. The sediments that make up the terrace cover the younger part of the Middle Holocene and the entire Late Holocene. The analysis of the malacofauna has allowed for the characterization of environmental changes. The most important of them dates back to the Middle Ages and is associated with the phase of intensive settlement in the Pieniny Mts.. It is indicated by deforestation and the related change in the composition and structure of malacocoenoses manifested by the replacement of forest communities by ones with open-country species. Gravel horizons are records of flood periods correlated with wet climatic phases. It is possible to distinguish six such phases covering the following periods: 6600–6100 y cal BP, 5500–5100 y cal BP, 4500–4100 y cal BP, 3200–2300 y cal BP, 2000–900 y cal BP and 400–200 y cal BP. They correspond to the periods of increased fluvial activity of rivers, intensification of mass movements, advances of alpine glaciers and the increase in the water level in lakes.
Skeletal deformities in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata): exploring the association between mechanical loading and opercular deformation
Authors: Vermeylen Vincent , De Kegel Barbara , De Wolf Tania , Adriaens Dominique
Published: July 2023

Fish aquaculture is frequently confronted with skeletal abnormalities. In gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata (Linnaeus, 1758)), opercular deformities are one of the most common types of deformities. Many studies point at potential causal factors, mainly genetic or nutritional. However, no clear consensus has surfaced yet, and other factors known to affect bone formation remain unexplored, including mechanical stressors by external forces or muscle contraction. In this study, we investigated whether an altered mechanical use of the gill cover could be associated with opercular deformities, by inducing a change in the respiratory rate and thus gill ventilation. Juvenile seabreams were reared under 80, 100 or 200% dissolved oxygen (DO) to trigger altered respiration behaviour, and the effect on body and opercular shape was analysed. The main hypothesis was that hypoxic conditions would increase opercular ventilation, which would result in a higher prevalence of opercular deformities. The results show that the hypoxic condition (80% DO) did not trigger a significantly higher prevalence of opercular deformations, though the opposite is true for the hyperoxic condition (200% DO). No effect of oxygen treatment was observed on overall body shape, though deformed opercles showed a pronounced, but non-significant difference in shape across treatments. Morphometric results and µCT scans reveal that deformations mainly occur in the dorsocaudal region of the opercular bone. Although no causal link could be demonstrated, we discuss how these results can indirectly suggest that an altered mechanical loading on the operculum could explain its deformation.
Inteligencia artificial: algunas deliberaciones psicosociales
Authors: Mendoza De Los Santos Oscar Eliezer , Carro Pérez Ennio Héctor
Published: July 2023

El tema de la Inteligencia Artificial es el actual protagonista de variadas discusiones y preocupaciones en diversos sectores sociales. El abordaje de estas problemáticas requiere el trabajo coordinado de actores sociales, políticos, económicos, científicos y tecnológicos, entre otros. En este texto exploramos brevemente el papel que la psicología puede jugar en este terreno, poniéndose énfasis en cuestiones de índole psicosocial tales como las actitudes hacia la Inteligencia Artificial y su vínculo con la producción cultural (libros, series y películas); su uso en ámbitos relacionados al estudio del comportamiento, y la formación de usuarios tecnológicos intelectual y moralmente competentes. Concluimos que el estudio sistemático de estos asuntos habrá de coadyuvar a la comprensión de la compleja relación humanidad-tecnología.
Socio-Legal Analysis of Early Marriage Phenomenon during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Jombang Regency
Authors: M. Hendri Agustiawan  , Nazhifatum Mutahhirah
Published: July 2023

The enactment of Law Number 16 of 2019 Concerning Marriage is the government’s efforts to reduce early marriage, but has not achieved the optimal effect. The number of early marriages is increasing, especially during the Covid-19 pandemic. This paper aims to analyze the factors behind the Increasing Phenomenon of Early Marriage in Jombang Regency During The Covid 19 Pandemic and to explain the Consideration of Jombang Religious Court Judge's Decision regarding the Application for Marriage Dispension. This study was conducted empirically using a sociolegal approach, in which social action theory is an analytical tool. The results of this study indicate that the sharp increase in the rate of early marriage in the Jombang regency during the pandemic period is a complex issue involving many factors, including social problems, misuse of technology, the influence of social media, culture, and religion, as well as the lack of parental supervision. The judge's consideration regarding the application for marriage dispensation is to decide whether to grant the petition based on the impact of the gains that can be achieved and the harms that can be avoided.
Poor Reliability and Validity of Habit Effects in Substance Use and Novel Insights from a Goal-Directed Perspective
Authors: Buabang Eike Kofi , Köster Massimo , Hogarth Lee , Moors Agnes
Published: July 2023

Substance use remains a pressing societal concern, with significant ramifications for public health, economics, and social well-being. The habit theory offers an influential explanation for problematic substance use but lacks a solid empirical grounding. To support this contention, we first review the main assumptions and predictions of the habit theory before emphasizing concerns regarding reliability, interpretability, and ecological validity of the supporting experimental evidence. We highlight a major challenge for this theory, which is to explain the complexity of substance use, specifically, heterogeneity in consumption patterns, risk factors, and intervention strategies. What is needed is a psychological theory that can simultaneously explain this heterogeneity and the motivational strength underlying substance use behaviors. We propose to address this gap by applying the goal-directed theory of Moors et al. [1] to substance use. Drawing upon this theory, we identify several factors that may contribute to substance use and argue that it provides a more compelling synthesis of the empirical evidence that has formed the foundation of the habit theory. By offering a nuanced understanding of substance use, this alternative framework allows for a better explanation of its complexity and individual variations. Furthermore, the proposed shift from the habit theory to the goal-directed theory has significant implications for intervention strategies.
Analysis of School Climate in the Unesa School Lab
Authors: Roesminingsih MV. , Nusantara Widya , Prismana IGL Putra Eka , Widyaswari Monica
Published: July 2023

This study aims to analyze the school climate in the Unesa Lab School environment. This study uses a descriptive quantitative approach. This research took place in nine schools, including two kindergartens, two elementary schools, three junior high schools, one high school, and one vocational school. The study results show that the overall school climate in the Unesa Lab environment is excellent, evidenced by the average gain of 4.19. However, suppose one looks at them one by one. In that case, two schools are in the excellent category: Unesa Lab School Kindergarten 1 and Unesa Lab School Elementary School 1. Of all the indicators that tend to get low scores compared to the others are (1) the happy atmosphere of the students is not maximized, and there are still doubts in doing the assignment; (2) there is secrecy in providing information, so mutual suspicion still appears; (3) the synergy between school principals and teachers, between teachers, and teachers and students in the teaching and learning process is not maximized; (4) the teaching and learning facilities provided are not by their purpose; and (5) the assistance given has not been maximized for any difficulties that arise as a result of assignments imposed on students.
Efficient simulation of neural development using shared memory parallelization
Authors: De Schutter Erik
Published: July 2023

The Neural Development Simulator, NeuroDevSim, is a Python module that simulates the most important aspects of brain development: morphological growth, migration, and pruning. It uses an agent-based modeling approach inherited from the NeuroMaC software. Each cycle has agents called fronts execute model-specific code. In the case of a growing dendritic or axonal front, this will be a choice between extension, branching, or growth termination. Somatic fronts can migrate to new positions and any front can be retracted to prune parts of neurons. Collision detection prevents new or migrating fronts from overlapping with existing ones. NeuroDevSim is a multi-core program that uses an innovative shared memory approach to achieve parallel processing without messaging. We demonstrate linear strong parallel scaling up to 96 cores for large models and have run these successfully on 128 cores. Most of the shared memory parallelism is achieved without memory locking. Instead, cores have only write privileges to private sections of arrays, while being able to read the entire shared array. Memory conflicts are avoided by a coding rule that allows only active fronts to use methods that need writing access. The exception is collision detection, which is needed to avoid the growth of physically overlapping structures. For collision detection, a memory-locking mechanism was necessary to control access to grid points that register the location of nearby fronts. A custom approach using a serialized lock broker was able to manage both read and write locking. NeuroDevSim allows easy modeling of most aspects of neural development for models simulating a few complex or thousands of simple neurons or a mixture of both.

Code available at

https://github.com/CNS-OIST/NeuroDevSim.
A cross-subject decoding algorithm for patients with disorder of consciousness based on P300 brain computer interface
Authors: Wang Fei , Wan Yinxing , Li Zhuorong , Qi Feifei , Li Jingcong
Published: July 2023

Background

Brain computer interface (BCI) technology may provide a new way of communication for some patients with disorder of consciousness (DOC), which can directly connect the brain and external devices. However, the DOC patients’ EEG differ significantly from that of the normal person and are difficult to collected, the decoding algorithm currently only is trained based on a small amount of the patient’s own data and performs poorly.

Methods

In this study, a decoding algorithm called WD-ADSTCN based on domain adaptation is proposed to improve the DOC patients’ P300 signal detection. We used the Wasserstein distance to filter the normal population data to increase the training data. Furthermore, an adversarial approach is adopted to resolve the differences between the normal and patient data.

Results

The results showed that in the cross-subject P300 detection of DOC patients, 7 of 11 patients achieved an average accuracy of over 70%. Furthermore, their clinical diagnosis changed and CRS-R scores improved three months after the experiment.

Conclusion

These results demonstrated that the proposed method could be employed in the P300 BCI system for the DOC patients, which has important implications for the clinical diagnosis and prognosis of these patients.
The concept of Christian symbolism in Sieben Worte for cello, bayan and strings by Sofia Gubaidulina
Authors: CHERAN LUCIAN
Published: July 2023

The personality of the composer Sofia Gubaidulina represents a model of creative force, being an active presence from the second half of the XXth century until today. Her compositional style is tributary to a so-called moderate avant-garde, in which innovative language techniques are intertwined with certain elements belonging to the legacy left by the great composers of music history. The interest in spirituality and religion is demonstrated through a compositional concept called Christian symbolism, applied in many works. Of these, Sieben Worte for cello, bayan and strings is a special one by the versatility of the use of Christian symbols, differentiated in certain distinct typologies, which place this piece among the most unique concert creations of the '80s.
Syncretism and synaesthesia in music – unification of arts and perceptions
Authors: FILIMON ROSINA CATERINA
Published: July 2023

Archaeological and ethnological research has revealed that, since antiquity, music had a syncretic nature. Music, dance, and poetry made up a single whole, aiming at expressing human feelings, sensations and perceptions through melody, rhythm, words, and gestures, and accompanying everyday activities that had various functions. Artistic syncretism is doubled by another structural principle – synaesthesia. The brain process that unifies senses and perceptions, synaesthesia is defined as the spontaneous association of several senses and sensations, in response to the action of a single stimulus. People with the so-called colorful hearing associate auditory reception with the perception of colorful images. Many artists had this ability that was reflected in their artistic creation. Initially the fusion of music and color was researched by theorists, who tried to create musical instruments that would be able to radiate colours during the musical interpretation. The syncretic and synaesthetic relationship between sound and image is individualized at the beginning of the twentieth century. Starting with the Dadaist and futuristic trends, artists seek and discover new forms of expression that unite the audible and the visual in a single form of representation. At present, the interaction between arts is seen as a fact, common also due to multimedia technology that allows the creation of synthetic, syncretic and synaesthetic ambiances, in which perception takes place at a multisensory level, changing the listener's one-sided perception. The art of sounds plays an essential role in syncretism and synaesthesia in music: in the first case, music participates in defining complex forms of artistic manifestation, and in the second, music generates sensations at the level of several senses. The listener benefits from new forms of artistic expression through which the transfer of the states and feelings of the artist to the listener occurs.