bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGGUNAAN LEMBAR KERJA SISWA (LKS) BERBANTUAN MEDIA AUDIO VISUAL DALAM PEMBELAJARAN IPA-BIOLOGI PADA POKOK BAHASAN STRUKTUR DAN FUNGSI JARINGAN TUMBUHAN SEBAGAI UPAYA MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR di MTs N 5 KOTA JAMBI
Authors: Dewi Ratna Sari
Published: October 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah: 1) Meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran IPA dengan menggunakan LKS berbantuan media audio visual , 2) Meningkatkan Aktivitas belajar siswa dalam proses pembelajaran IPA dengan menggunakan LKS berbantuan media audio visual.

Penelitian ini dilakukan pada Siswa Kelas IX-B MTs Negeri 5 Kota Jambi Semester ganjil Tahun Pelajaran 2018/2019 dengan jumlah siswa 32 orang. Tindakan dilakukan dalam 2 siklus dengan materi pelajaran meliputi pada siklus I tentang Struktur dan Fungsi Jaringan Tumbuhan dengan materi: a). struktur dan fungsi akar, dan b). Struktur dan fungsi batang. Sedangkan pada siklus II tentang materi: a). Struktur dan fungsi daun, dan b). Struktur dan fungsi bunga. Data hasil penelitian berupa hasil belajar siswa dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan tes hasil belajar dan aktivitas belajar siswa yang dikumpulkan dengan metode observasi yang menggunakan format observasi

Hasil analisis data penelitian menunjukkan adanya peningkatan hasil belajar dari sebelum penelitian dengan rata- rata 62,00 menjadi 67,19 pada siklus I dan 73,20 pada siklus II dengan ketuntasan yang dicapai 65.67 % sebelum penelitian menjadi 78,13 % pada siklus I dan 87,50 % pada siklus II dari klasifikasi tuntas belum tuntas menjadi tuntas . Aktivitas belajar juga menunjukkan peningkatan dari skor rata-rata 1,80 dengan katagori kurang aktif pada siklus I menjadi katagori cukup aktif pada siklus II dengan skor rata-rata 2,01. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkkan bahwa penggunaan Lembar Kerja siswa (LKS) berbantuan media audio visual dalam pembelajaran IPA dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa
KONTRIBUSI KECERDASAN EMOSIONAL TERHADAP PRESTASI BELAJAR SISWA PADA STANDAR KOMPETENSI SISTEM SUSPENSI
Authors: Marsudi Marsudi
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh fenomena di lapangan yang mengindikasikan rendahnya prestasi belajar siswa pada kompetensi sistem suspensi. Salah satu masalah yang mempengaruhi prestasi belajar siswa adalah faktor yang berasal dari dalam diri siswa itu sendiri salah satunya adalah kecerdasan emosional (EQ). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengungkap kontribusi kecerdasan emosional (EQ) terhadap prestasi belajar pada kompetensi sistem suspensi siswa kelas XI Program Studi Teknik Kendaraan Ringan Otomotif di SMK Negeri 3 Kota Jambi. Menggunakan pendekatan corelational study. Populasi penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XI Program Studi Teknik Kendaraan Ringan Otomotif pada semester 3 berjumlah 85 siswa, sampel berjumlah 40 siswa yang diambil dengan teknik proportional random sampling. Pengumpul data menggunakan angket dengan model skala likert yang telah diuji validitas dan reliabelitasnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang positif antara kecerdasan emosional dengan prestasi belajar pada kompetensi sistem suspensi siswa sebesar 0,443 pada taraf signifikansi 95% dan kecerdasan emosional (EQ) berkontribusi secara positif terhadap prestasi belajar pada kompetensi sistem suspensi sebesar 19,62%. Berdasarkan temuan penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa faktor kecerdasan emosional (EQ) sangat penting artinya dalam meningkatkan prestasi belajar siswa.
KESIAPAN BELAJAR SISWA KELAS XI TEKNIK KENDARAAN RINGAN OTOMOTIF DALAM MENGIKUTI PELAJARAN PSPTKR KOMPETENSI SISTIM REM
Authors: Wagianto Wagianto
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini berawal dari kenyataan bahwa rendahnya hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran PSPTKR Kompetensi sistim rem di SMK Negeri 3 Kota Jambi dan kebanyakan siswa belajar bersifat pasif, monoton, dan kurang serius. Melihat gejala tersebut maka penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat bagaimana kesiapan belajar siswa dalam mengikuti pelajaran. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif komparatif yaitu untuk menggambarkan kesiapan belajar siswa kelas XI Teknik Kendaraan Ringan Otomotif (TKRO) dalam mengikuti PSPTKR Kompetensi sistim rem di SMK Negeri 3 Kota Jambi. Populasi penelitian adalah siswa kelas XI TKRO yang mengikuti pelajaran PSPTKR Sistim Rem di PSPTKR Kompetensi sistim rem berjumlah 41 siswa, menggunakan total sampling berjumlah 41 siswa. Instrumen pengumpulan data menggunakan angket yang disebarkan kepada siswa dengan model skala Likert, analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif dengan perhitungan persentase. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kesiapan belajar siswa kelas XI TKRO dalam mengkuti pelajaran PSPTKR Kompetensi sistim rem di SMK Negeri 3 Kota Jambi dari segi kesiapan psikis yaitu tergolong kurang dengan persentase 65,2% dan dari segi kesiapan perlengkapan belajar juga tergolong kurang yaitu dengan persentase 63,26%.
A Comparative Study of Corruption in the Extractive Industries of Nigeria and Botswana: Lessons that can Be Learnt by the Young African Country of Eritrea
Authors: Desta Yemane
Published: October 2020

This article examines the nature of corruption in the extractive industries of two Sub-Saharan countries, namely Nigeria and Botswana. It explained the root causes of the high levels of corruption present in the case of oil and gas-rich Nigeria and the reasons that account for the minimal levels of corruption prevailing in diamond-rich Botswana. This article identified corrupt political leadership; the legacy of the divide and rule policies introduced by the former British colonial masters; lack of transparent and accountable public institutions, political patronage networks; poverty-driven desire to meet the basic necessities of life; massive inflows of petrodollars producing the “resource curse”; chronic political disruptions characterized by several military coups; the supremacy of familial, ethnic and religious loyalties over national interest and poor public sector pay as the main drivers of pervasive corruption in Nigeria. On the other hand the primary factors that contributed to the remarkable achievement of Botswana in the fight against corruption include ethical political leadership; sound pre-independence traditional institutions; relatively homogenous population; respect for rule of law and property rights; high degree of transparency; cultural intolerance to graft, establishment of democratic institutions at independence; good economic management; ability to manage ethnic diversity; and a competent, a meritorious bureaucracy. This article also identified the key elements of anticorruption strategy that would help prevent and combat corruption as well enhance integrity in the Eritrean public sector based on the experiences of Nigeria and Botswana. They include sound ethical political leadership; transparency and accountability in government; merit-based and adequately paid civil service; independent, empowered and well-resourced anticorruption commission; and prudent natural resource management.
MÉTODO SIMPLIFICADO PARA EL ANALISIS ESTRUCTURAL DE PLATAFORMAS MARINAS DE BASE FIJA SOMETIDAS A CARGAS DE OLEAJE
Authors: Claros Quichiz Florencio Ernest
Published: October 2020

Las plataformas marinas son estructuras de acero que se encuentran en un ambiente rodeado por el agua de mar cumpliendo diferentes funciones como la exploración y explotación de recursos fósiles. Tal como es común en las estructuras, las plataformas marinas también tienen una vida útil, lo que significa que debe evaluarse su integridad estructural cada cierto periodo de tiempo. Por tal motivo, es necesario conocer el comportamiento estructural. Para cubrir tal necesidad en este trabajo se propone un método simplificado que permite obtener las respuestas elásticas de la estructura tales como: el periodo fundamental de vibración, el desplazamiento lateral máximo, la fuerza axial máxima y el momento flector máximo sobre el elemento más solicitado. 

Para lograr tal objetivo se seleccionó un conjunto de cinco plataformas marinas y se realizó el análisis dinámico para determinar las respuestas reales. Luego se estudiaron las características fundamentales de la estructura tales como: la altura total, la profundidad sumergida, los diámetros de los elementos principales y secundarios, el tipo de arriostre, y la fijación al fondo marino, y también se estudiaron las características correspondientes al oleaje tales como: la altura de la ola, el periodo de la ola. De esta manera, fue factible analizar éste tipo no convencional de estructuras en forma paramétrica mediante un conjunto de casos generados mediante una combinatoria. Las estructuras paramétricas también fueron analizadas debido a la acción de las cargas del oleaje obteniéndose respuestas que fueron calibradas con respuestas reales obtenidas inicialmente. 

Cada una de las respuestas de interés de la estructura se graficaron teniendo en cuenta la variación de los parámetros adoptados. Se analizó la forma en que la respuesta varía cuando variaron los parámetros elegidos y se apreció la tendencia que mostraba cada gráfica. Se propuso expresiones analíticas que pueden ser usadas para estimar las respuestas como el periodo fundamental de vibración, el desplazamiento lateral máximo, la fuerza axial máxima y el momento flector máximo.

De este trabajo se obtuvo conclusiones cualitativas y cuantitativas. Las conclusiones cualitativas fueron: Los parámetros considerados son válidos para representar la estructura y las condiciones que lo rodean. El modelo simplificado empleado resulta muy útil para realizar un análisis dinámico y obtener respuestas de interés de una manera ágil. Las conclusiones cuantitativas extraídas fueron: Las expresiones propuestas otorgan una buena aproximación alcanzando errores relativos máximos del 12% para la estimación del periodo fundamental de la estructura, 30% para la estimación del desplazamiento lateral máximo de la estructura, 32% para la estimación de la fuerza axial máxima y 29% en la estimación del momento flector máximo en el elemento más solicitado, valores útiles para obtener referencias iniciales de las respuestas de interés.
La relación sujeto-objeto durante el proceso de educación energética en estudiantes de técnico medio en electricidad en Cuba
Authors: Espinosa Torres Mabel Del Pilar , Castro Quesada Cristina , Sánchez Figueredo Rigoberto Pastor , Oviedo Fierro Fausto Hernán
Published: October 2020

El trabajo parte de la determinación con un estudio diagnóstico, de las insuficiencias que presentan los estudiantes de Técnico Medio en Electricidad, en el desarrollo de la cultura energética, que afecta su formación integral debido a que en el diseño curricular de las asignaturas técnicas de la especialidad de Electricidad no aparece como contenidos los aspectos referidos a la cultura energética. Como vía de solución al problema se propone un programa de estudio para el tratamiento a la cultura energética en los estudiantes de Técnico Medio en Electricidad, a través del proceso pedagógico profesional que se desarrolla en la Escuela Politécnica de Cuba. El problema social de la ciencia que se plantea en este trabajo tiene gran connotación social, pues su solución permite formar cualidades de la personalidad del técnico medio en electricidad vinculadas a una adecuada relación sujeto – objeto, que le permite adaptarse al escenario formativo donde se desarrolla y transforma para satisfacer las necesidades sociales a partir de su relación con el medio, lo que se concreta en la relación sujeto – objeto con la educación energética de los estudiantes. Este resultado se sustenta en los principios y regularidades que caracterizan a la Pedagogía de la Educación Técnica y Profesional.
Coinfecciones transmitidas por sexo en transfemeninas VIH positivas en Managua octubre 2017 a abril 2018
Authors: Torres Mendoza Maria Del Carmen
Published: October 2020

Este artículo muestra los resultados de la investigación sobre Confecciones transmitidas por sexo en Transfemeninas VIH positivas. El estudio fue observacional, transversal, analítico, realizado en el departamento de Managua con la población transfemenina VIH positivo. La muestra fue de conveniencia, igual al universo que estableció el MINSA en su Informe de Situación Epidemiológica del VIH 2015. El método estadístico utilizado fue análisis de correspondencias. Los principales resultados demuestran que las transfemeninas VIH positivas tiene una educación heterogenia desde de primaria incompleta hasta universitario, cuyas edades oscilan entre los 18 y 49 años, el grupo de 18 años el que presentó el mayor grupo de población con un 21.3%. El trabajo sexual comercial es la principal fuente de ingresos para la mayoría de las transfemeninas VIH positivas. Al momento de la recolección de los datos el 77% tenía como única fuente de ingresos económicos el trabajo sexual comercial. Las ITS más frecuentes fueron la Gonorrea y Papilomas/verrugas genitales. Se logra determinar que, si hay coinfección de ITS y VIH en las trans femeninas VIH positivo, y que las principales ITS que afectan a las trans femeninas VIH positivo fueron: el 47.5% presentó Sífilis, el 34.4% Gonorrea, el 19.7% Papilomas/verrugas genitales y el 9.8% Herpes Simple tipo 2.
Evaluación de las mediciones ambientales, a través de un ensayo de aptitud, de los laboratorios ambientales de Nicaragua y Costa Rica
Authors: Molina Marcia Junette , Herrera Merlo Jonathan
Published: October 2020

Se realizó un ensayo de aptitud con la participación de 24 laboratorios ambientales, 12 nicaragüenses y 12 costarricenses, para darle continuidad al proyecto cooperación MIFIC-PTB “Mejora de los Servicios que Aseguran la Calidad para el Sector Agua de Nicaragua”. El propósito fue evaluar la competencia analítica de los laboratorios participantes y demostrar la capacidad técnica y científica del CIRA/UNAN al organizar y desarrollar un Ensayo de aptitud. Se elaboraron dos lotes de muestras con sus respectivos ensayos de homogeneidad y de estabilidad de acuerdo a la ISO 13528:2016, uno para la medición de conductividad eléctrica y otro para determinar dureza total, dureza cálcica, calcio y magnesio en solución acuosa. A partir de estos resultados, se estableció a cada magnitud un “valor asignado”, el estadístico utilizado para la evaluación fue el “z- puntaje”, que mide el desempeño relativo al sesgo. Las mediciones de dureza total y calcio presentaron un excelente desempeño, en cambio las mediciones de conductividad eléctrica, dureza cálcica y magnesio presentaron un buen desempeño. El CIRAUNAN-Managua, demostró su competencia técnica y científica al desarrollar el presente ensayo de aptitud, posicionándolo en ventaja para llegar a ser laboratorio proveedor de ensayos de aptitud en Nicaragua en un mediano plazo.
Identificación molecular y distribución geográfica de siete especies del género Charidotella (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) en Panamá
Authors: Toledo-Perdomo Claudia Elizabeth
Published: October 2020

El género Charidotella (Weise‎, 1896) (Chrysomelidae, Cassidinae), incluye algo más de 100 especies distribuidas desde Canadá hasta el Sur de Argentina. Algunas especies son consideradas plagas agrícolas. Muchas de ellas son sumamente difíciles de distinguir usando caracteres morfológicos. Se evaluó el fragmento correspondiente al código de barras del ADN, del gen citocromo c oxidasa I (COI) en siete especies de Charidotella colectadas en cinco sitios de muestreo de Panamá. Las secuencias se analizaron mediante Neighbor Joining, que produce árboles filogenéticos basados en distancias genéticas. Las especies estudiadas fueron C. ventricosa, C. zona, C. sexpunctata, C. annexa, C. sinuata, C. ambita, C. tumida. La especie más frecuente en los puntos de colecta fue Charidotella sexpunctata y la más cercana a ella según el estudio molecular es C. sinuata. Las especies que se encuentra mayormente distribuida en Panamá es Charidotella sexpunctata.
The Picturesque, the Sublime, and the Authentic: Leonardo and Richter
Authors: Emison Patricia
Published: October 2020

How can artists respond to the pressures generated by an age of photography and of ubiquitous imagery accredited almost no material value, an age in which craft has nearly vanished? I argue that Gerhard Richter and Norman Ackroyd each in his own way generate a particular freedom with respect to history (including the history of art) by negotiating an artworld in which abstraction and representation have no stable mutual hierarchy, in which the sublime and the picturesque may coexist. Leonardo long before discovered elements of both in his experience of landscape. Different as they might appear (painting versus aquatint; luxury versus affordable), Richter’s and Ackroyd’s works each establish a kind of art object that is not only postaura but also disdains the claims of uniqueness and of the immediately, thoroughly autograph: authentic, not self-expressive works of art that involve handwork even as they invoke mechanisms of replication. They renew the sublime via varieties of blankness adjusted for a world of dauntingly vast information resources.
Further notes on a steel energy-absorbing element for braced frameworks
Authors: Tyler R. G.
Published: October 2020

The paper gives working loads and deflections for braced frameworks in which rectangular energy absorbing elements fabricated from round steel bar are incorporated to ensure reliable performance during earthquake attack. In a practical design example the locking up forces which occur for gross deformations of the system are calculated.
True Expense Ratio and True Alpha of Imperfect Diversification: Evidence from Stock Market in Bangladesh
Authors: Hossain Md Sajib
Published: October 2020

Actively managed funds try to outperform by deviating from passive benchmarks such as the S&P 500, leading to imperfect diversification and higher idiosyncratic volatility. The idiosyncratic volatility imposes an additional cost to the shareholders. In this study, using data of all the closed-end mutual funds listed with Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE) from 2012 to 2019, I have attempted to quantify this higher idiosyncratic volatility as an additional expense on the portfolio and then estimate true expense ratio and true net alpha of the actively managed funds as a new measure for imperfect portfolio diversification. The study finds that mean volatility cost of the funds is 1.42% which is on an average around 89% of the explicit expense ratio and the findings that volatility costs are not strongly correlated with other performance measures such as Sharpe, Treynor or information ratios provides additional information about the fund performance. Moreover, when volatility cost is adjusted to traditional Jensen alpha measure to find a true net alpha of the funds, rankings of the funds significantly change and two alpha measures are not strongly positively correlated, suggesting new information about the fund performance.
Strategies to Resolve Food Insecurity in Guinea International Cooperation Approaches (Availability: Production, Distribution, and Exchange of Food): A Case Study in Guinea
Authors: Saliou Ly Mamadou , Dou Xuecheng
Published: October 2020

The project at hand addresses the existence of food safety problems in Guinea with the major focus being on the general situation about how it can be recovered using an international approach. The stable food in the nation of Guinea is rice, which is why it's per capita consumption is roughly 100 kg annually. Guinea’s economy relies heavily on agriculture as well as other rural activities and besides that, it is richly endowed with minerals whereby the country has both gold and bauxite reserves. The country’s gross domestic product stands at $10.91 billion as per the 2018 report of the World Bank. The 2018 World Bank report shows that GDP per capita of Guinea is $878.60 with its gross national income being $30.58 billion PPP. It for this matter that the paper will cover on the economic situation of the country, its natural resources, the agricultural production, supply and demand, import and distribution, as well as determining the size, importance, and initial judgment of the problem. Additionally, the paper will address past historical practices and problems identified successful experiences of other African countries, and the Chinese experience. It is for this aspect that the government through its relevant bodies should handle the situation using the case of China whereby they have attained food security within the shortest period. The case of Chinese experience is ideal for this paper because they have been in such situations before and thus the reason why the paper focuses on China’s development experience based on Guineas agricultural development capacity-building approach research.
Profile and Determinants of the Middle Classes in Ghana: Energy Use and Sustainable Consumption
Authors: Senadza Bernardin , Never Babette , Kuhn Sascha , Asante Felix A.
Published: October 2020

High and sustained economic growth rates of the Ghanaian economy in the past two to three decades have been accompanied by a growing urban middle class. With a rapidly growing middle class, overall consumption is not only increasing but changing too. This paper analyses the asset ownership patterns among the Ghanaian middle class, and examines the effect of household wealth, environmental concern and environmental knowledge on carbon dioxide emissions emanating from energy use and transport based on urban household survey data collected in Accra, the capital city, in 2018. We find that middle class households consume a variety of energy intensive consumer goods, and the intensity of consumption increases with household wealth. Regression results reveal statistically significant relationship between household wealth and carbon emissions from energy and transport use. We also find that environmental knowledge has a statistically negative effect on carbon emissions from transport. The policy implications are discussed.
ON THE DIRECT PROBLEM AND SCATTERING DATA FOR A SINGULAR SYSTEM OF DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS WITH DISCONTINUOUS COEFFICIENTS
Authors: DARWISH A. A.
Published: October 2020

A system of Sturm-Liouville differential equations of order n with a density matrix function is considered. The direct problem of the considered system is studied and hence the scattering data of the problem is obtained.
A REFINEMENT OF HADAMARD'S INEQUALITY FOR ISOTONIC LINEAR FUNCTIONALS
Authors: YANG GOU-SHENG , WU HUEY-LAN
Published: October 2020

A general refinement of Hadamard's inequality for isotonic linear func- tionals and some applications to norm and discrete inequalities are given.
Протипожежний захист культових споруд в Україні
Authors: Vovk Sergij , Ferenc Nadia
Published: October 2020

Культові споруди належать до пожежонебезпечних будівель і є об’єктами з масовим перебуванням людей. Особливостями пожежної небезпеки культових споруд є те, що в них використовується відкритий вогонь: свічки, факели, світильники, а також є підземні приміщення зі складним плануванням, без систем вентиляції, крім цього, стародавні культові споруди переважно зведені з використанням дерев’яних матеріалів. Пожежі, що виникають у таких спорудах, є резонансними, завдають як матеріальних, так і великих духовних втрат державі та суспільству. Профілактичні заходи протипожежної безпеки культових споруд в Україні є одним з пріоритетів державної програми з ліквідації надзвичайних ситуацій. Державна служба України з надзвичайних ситуацій здійснює постійний моніторинг дотримання норм протипожежної безпеки, що включає в себе регулярні перевірки об’єктів, контроль навчання персоналу запобігання загоряння та ліквідації наслідків пожеж, розробка, впровадження та контроль технічних способів забезпечення безпеки. Вимоги Правил пожежної безпеки для культових споруд спрямовані на вирішення важливого завдання сьогодення – збереження культових споруд.
The method of automatic assignment ICD codes based on semantic information
Authors: Romaldowski Marcin
Published: October 2020

The paper presents the method of automatic assignment of ICD codes based on semantic information contained in clinical reports of the MIMIC-III database. It is showing the possibility of using multi-criteria optimization methods for simple classifiers fusion in a more precise classifiers complex. ICD code assignment is important in the modern hospital, more accurate automation of assigning codes will make the clinical process more efficient and can help clinicians carry out better diagnostics and effectively improve medical care systems.
Dichromatobolus, a new genus of spirobolidan millipedes from Madagascar (Spirobolida, Pachybolidae)
Authors: Wesener Thomas
Published: October 2020

A new genus, Dichromatobolus gen. nov., belonging to the genus-rich mainly southern hemisphere family Pachybolidae of the order Spirobolida, is described based on D. elephantulus gen. et sp. nov., illustrated with color pictures, line drawings, and scanning electron micrographs. The species is recorded from the spiny bush of southwestern Madagascar. Dichromatobolus elephantulus gen. et sp. nov. shows an unusual color pattern, sexual dichromatism with males being red with black legs and females being grey. Males seem to be more surface active, as mainly males were collected with pitfall traps. Females mainly come from the pet trade. The body of this species is short and very wide, being only 8 times longer than wide in the males. Live observations show the species is a very slow mover, digging in loose soil almost as fast as walking on the surface. The posterior gonopods of Dichromatobolus gen. nov. are unusually simple and well-rounded, displaying some similarities to the genera Corallobolus Wesener, 2009 and Granitobolus Wesener, 2009, from which the new genus differs in numerous other characters, e.g., size, anterior gonopods and habitus. Despite several attempts with fresh tissue samples and different primers, molecular barcoding did not work for Dichromatobolus gen. nov. Any relationships to the other 15 genera of Pachybolidae indigenous to Madagascar remain unknown.
Lysosomal protein surface expression discriminates fat- from bone-forming human mesenchymal precursor cells
Authors: Xu Jiajia , Wang Yiyun , Hsu Ching-Yun , Negri Stefano , Tower Robert J , Gao Yongxing , Tian Ye , Sono Takashi , Meyers Carolyn A , Hardy Winters R , Chang Leslie , Hu Shuaishuai , Kahn Nusrat , Broderick Kristen , Péault Bruno , James Aaron W
Published: October 2020

Tissue resident mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) occupy perivascular spaces. Profiling human adipose perivascular mesenchyme with antibody arrays identified 16 novel surface antigens, including endolysosomal protein CD107a. Surface CD107a expression segregates MSCs into functionally distinct subsets. In culture, CD107alowcells demonstrate high colony formation, osteoprogenitor cell frequency, and osteogenic potential. Conversely, CD107ahighcells include almost exclusively adipocyte progenitor cells. Accordingly, human CD107alowcells drove dramatic bone formation after intramuscular transplantation in mice, and induced spine fusion in rats, whereas CD107ahighcells did not. CD107a protein trafficking to the cell surface is associated with exocytosis during early adipogenic differentiation. RNA sequencing also suggested that CD107alowcells are precursors of CD107ahighcells. These results document the molecular and functional diversity of perivascular regenerative cells, and show that relocation to cell surface of a lysosomal protein marks the transition from osteo- to adipogenic potential in native human MSCs, a population of substantial therapeutic interest.
Rapid purification and metabolomic profiling of synaptic vesicles from mammalian brain
Authors: Chantranupong Lynne , Saulnier Jessica L , Wang Wengang , Jones Drew R , Pacold Michael E , Sabatini Bernardo L
Published: October 2020

Neurons communicate by the activity-dependent release of small-molecule neurotransmitters packaged into synaptic vesicles (SVs). Although many molecules have been identified as neurotransmitters, technical limitations have precluded a full metabolomic analysis of SV content. Here, we present a workflow to rapidly isolate SVs and to interrogate their metabolic contents at high-resolution using mass spectrometry. We validated the enrichment of glutamate in SVs of primary cortical neurons using targeted polar metabolomics. Unbiased and extensive global profiling of SVs isolated from these neurons revealed that the only detectable polar metabolites they contain are the established neurotransmitters glutamate and GABA. In addition, we adapted the approach to enable quick capture of SVs directly from brain tissue and determined the neurotransmitter profiles of diverse brain regions in a cell-type-specific manner. The speed, robustness, and precision of this method to interrogate SV contents will facilitate novel insights into the chemical basis of neurotransmission.
Severing umbilical ties
Authors: Wagenseil Jessica E , Downs Karen M
Published: October 2020

High levels of proteins called proteoglycans in the walls of umbilical arteries enable these arteries to close rapidly after birth and thus prevent blood loss in newborns.
Dimensions of teachers’ transdisciplinary competence based on a systematic review of three transdisciplinary areas
Authors: Smestad Bjørn , Gillespie Astrid
Published: October 2020

This study contributes to the conceptualisation of teachers’ competence through a systematic review (a concept synthesis) of three key transdisciplinary competencies—teachers’ diversity competence, teachers’ research and development competence, and teachers’ digital competence. Based on our analysis, we propose a set of dimensions to consider—within which there were important tensions in the research literature reviewed—when discussing teachers’ professional competence. These dimensions are: the 1) beneficiary, 2) teachers’ role, 3) attitudes, knowledge and skills, 4) sources of competence, 5) relationship to disciplinary content and 6) assessment. We discuss the three areas in light of these dimensions. We suggest that the complexity of being and becoming a teacher is a blind spot in research on teachers’ transdisciplinary competence and that many articles show deficit thinking about teachers.
Physiological aspects and energetic contribution in 20s:10s high-intensity interval exercise at different intensities
Authors: Protzen Gabriel V. , Bartel Charles , Coswig Victor S. , Gentil Paulo , Del Vecchio Fabricio B.
Published: October 2020

Background

One of the most popular high-intensity interval exercises is the called “Tabata Protocol”. However, most investigations have limitations in describing the work intensity, and this fact appears to be due to the protocol unfeasibility. Furthermore, the physiological demands and energetic contribution during this kind of exercise remain unclear.

Methods

Eight physically active students (21.8 ± 3.7 years) and eight well-trained cycling athletes (27.8 ± 6.4 years) were enrolled. In the first visit, we collected descriptive data and the peak power output (PPO). On the next three visits, in random order, participants performed interval training with the same time structure (effort:rest 20s:10s) but using different intensities (115%, 130%, and 170% of PPO). We collected the number of sprints, power output, oxygen consumption, blood lactate, and heart rate.

Results

The analysis of variance for multivariate test (number of sprints, power output, blood lactate, peak heart rate and percentage of maximal heart rate) showed significant differences between groups (F = 9.62; p = 0.001) and intensities (F = 384.05; p < 0.001), with no interactions (F = 0.94; p = 0.57). All three energetic contributions and intensities were different between protocols. The higher contribution was aerobic, followed by alactic and lactic. The aerobic contribution was higher at 115%PPO, while the alactic system showed higher contribution at 130%PPO. In conclusion, the aerobic system was predominant in the three exercise protocols, and we observed a higher contribution at lower intensities.
Antibiogram Audit of Catheter-associated Uropathogenic Isolates in University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar, Nigeria: Advocating Laboratory-based Prescription Practices
Authors: Ogban G. I. , Iwuafor A. A. , Emanghe U. E. , Ushie S. N. , Bisong E. M. , Okonkwo S. N.
Published: October 2020

Background: The most important risk factor to developing UTI is the presence of an indwelling urethral catheter. Eighty percent of nosocomial UTI was reported to be caused by urethral catheterization. UTIs in health care institutions and in those with frequent antibiotic exposures were frequently caused by multi- drug resistant pathogens. This study sought to determined the antibiogram of isolates from catheterized patients with UTIs with a view to establishing if there were justifications for empiric treatment of this condition in the study area in the absence of quality antibiotic formulary.

Materials and Methods: Interviewer administered questionnaires were used to collect socio-demographic data. Specimens were cultured on 5% sheep blood agar (SBA), MacConkey and sabouraud dextrose agar plates and incubated at 37°c for 24 hours in ambient air. Significant bacteriuria was determined on growths from SBA. Growths were identified using standard biochemical techniques.

Results: The study established 74.3% (52) prevalence of CAUTIs amongst catheterized patients in the study area with 29 (41.4%) female dominance. Imipenem (93.9%) recorded the highest percentage susceptibility, followed by Amikacin (91.8%) and Piperacillin/ tazobactam (88.8%). E. coli 17(32.7%) was the dominant isolate. Extended spectrum β-lctamase prevalence was 23(44.2%) and MRSA 2(3.8%). There was significant statistical relation between ESBL production and resistance to other classes of antibiotics.

Conclusion: There is high percentage prevalence of multidrug resistance (MDR) among isolates of CAUTIs in the study area. We therefore advocate laboratory based prescription practice and de-emphasized empiric treatment pending when there would be in a quality drug formulary founded on regular resistance surveillance.
Equilibrium Moisture Characteristics of Egg White Powder at Higher Temperatures
Authors: Snehitha R. , Boreddy Sreenivasula Reddy , Smith D. D. , Kumar H. V. Hema
Published: October 2020

The equilibrium moisture content (EMC) of food material is defined as the moisture content of the material after it has been exposed to a particular environment for an infinitely long period of time. Equilibrium moisture characteristics of Egg White Powder (EWP) was studied at higher temperatures of 50, 60, 70, 80 and 90°C in the equilibrium relative humidity (ERH) range of 10-78% (at seven levels). The standard gravimetric method was used to determine the EMC-ERH relationships of EWP by employing the various saturated inorganic salt solutions. The EMC of EWP at any particular ERH decreased with an increase in environmental temperature. The EMC of EWP ranged from 2.17 to 3.35 at lower ERH value of about 10% whereas the EMC values ranged from 12.07 to 14.80 at higher ERH value of about 78% when the environmental temperature increased from 50°C to 90°C. EMC values of EWP are different than that of the values obtained at lower temperatures, hence useful to understand the thermal processing of EWP at higher temperatures. EMC-ERH data obtained in this study was fit into seven EMC-ERH models namely Henderson, modified Henderson, modified Chung-Pfost, modified Oswin, modified Halsey, modified GAB (Guggenheim, Ander-son and de-Boer) and Chen-Clayton models and were evaluated using mean relative percent error (Pe), standard error of estimate (SEE) and residual plots. The modified Henderson equation described the EMC-ERH relationship of EWP the best, Henderson, and Chen-Clayton equations gave good fit. The heat of vaporization (hfg) of EWP at different moisture contents and temperatures was calculated from EMC-ERH data with the help of the Clausius-Clapeyron equation. The hfg values indicate that the heat of vaporization of EWP increases as the moisture content and temperature decreases and the values are higher than that of the pure water.
Effect of the Ripening Stages on Some Biochemical and Nutritional Properties in Carica papaya L. (cv. Solo 8) Pulp, Skin, and Seeds
Authors: Koffi Edwige Larissa , Koffi Djary Michel , Konan Hubert Kouassi , Kouadio Eugène Jean Parfait N’guessan
Published: October 2020

The present study was aimed at investigating some biochemical properties and mineral contents in pulp, skin, and seeds of Carica papaya cv. solo 8 as a function of ripening stage. C. papaya cv. solo 8 fruits were obtained from a village plantation in Azaguié area’s (5° 38′ 00″ N and 4° 05′ 00″ W) in Côte d’Ivoire. Papaya fruits were harvested at four ripening stages especially unripe, 1/8 advanced, ¼ advanced and advanced. Skin, pulp and seeds were separated, and they were oven dried and ground to obtain the crude flour. Proximate composition and mineral contents were investigated using standard methods. Results showed significant differences in moisture dry matter, protein, carbohydrate, ash, crude fibre, and total sugar contents as a function of the ripening stage, and from a fruit part to another. Pulps exhibited the highest contents of moisture (93.67 %), carbohydrate (96.62 g / 100 g DW), total and reducing sugars (4.28 and 1.10 %, respectively) which increase during ripening. The better ash (0.86 %) and protein (21.52 %) contents were obtained in skin at the advanced stage. The highest crude fibre content was found in seeds at unripe stage (1.86 %) and the pulps recorded the lowest values (between 0.19 and 0.28 %). As concerned mineral elements, there were increase in potassium, phosphorus, calcium, and magnesium contents in skin during ripening, while these mineral contents decrease in seeds and pulp. Skin recorded highest content in potassium (2344.80 to 6865.50 mg /100 DW), phosphorus (691.51 to 1958.34 mg /100 DW), calcium (306.32 to 632.27 mg /100 DW), and magnesium (173.86 to 569.82 mg /100 DW) especially at ¼ advanced and advanced stages. Iron and zinc contents (respectively, 15.57 and 14.01 mg/ 100 g DW) were also greater in skin at advanced stages. All the parts of C. papaya cv. solo 8 fruit at different ripening stages, especially the skin would provide significant portion of the Recommended Daily Allowances of several nutrients.
Soil Hydrothermal Regimes, Biological Activity and Nutrient Availability under Various Mulches and Weed Management Practices in Tomato
Authors: Arun T. , Sridevi S. , Rani K. Radha
Published: October 2020

The impact of different mulching materials and weed management practices on soil properties were evaluated by a field study conducted at College of Horticulture, Rajendranagar during 2015 with tomato as test crop. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with seven treatments consisting of control (unweeded check), pendimethalin (PE) @1.0 kg a.i. ha-1 + hand weeding at 30 DAT, black polythene mulch, reflective polythene mulch, paddy straw mulch,  paddy husk mulch, hand weeding two times (20 DAT & 40 DAT) and replicated thrice. The mean temperature was higher by 1.7°C under black polythene mulch compared to control (bare soil) and it was less by 1.8 °C under paddy straw mulch. Soil moisture content under black polythene mulch was significantly higher by 31.21%, 36.07% and 24.19% respectively at 20, 40 DAT and at harvest.  In the initial stages i.e., at 20 DAT, reflective polythene mulch (28.81%) and paddy husk mulch (24.52%) were also equally effective in maintaining soil moisture on par to that of black polythene mulch. Significantly highest dehydrogenase activity (8.62 and 6.17 μg of TPF released g-1day-1 respectively), acid phosphatase activity (121.81 and 92.15 μg of PNP released g-1hr-1 respectively) and alkaline phosphatase activity (135.19 and 106.10 μg of PNP released g-1hr-1 respectively) were recorded under paddy straw mulch at 40 days after transplanting and after harvest. Similarly, significantly highest bacterial count (7.49 log10 CFU g soil-1 and 7.34 log10 CFU g soil-1), fungal count (4.53 log10 CFU g soil-1 and 4.36 log10 CFU g soil-1) and actinomycetes count (5.42 log10 CFU g soil-1 and 5.26 log10 CFU g soil-1) at 40 DAT and after harvest respectively were high under paddy straw mulch. Availability of nitrogen and phosphorus was high under reflective polythene mulch while that of potassium under straw mulch. Weed management either through pre-emergence application of pendimethalin @1.0 kg a.i. ha-1 + hand weeding at 30 DAT or by hand weeding two times (20 DAT & 40 DAT) did not influence the soil properties significantly.
Social Responsibility and Marketing Impact on Hospital Business Sustainability: Lesson from Indonesia
Authors: Susanto Frinda , Jasfar Farida , Hady Hamdy , Kristaung Robert
Published: October 2020

This research empirically examines the influence of corporate and employee social responsibility, customer satisfaction, trust, and loyalty, and sustainable business variables. The methods of this study using Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modelling with hypothesis testing. Hospitals listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange that carry out corporate social responsibility (CSR) were used as study objects. The number of samples collected was 96 respondents. The result showed although employee social responsibility (ESR) has a positive effect on customer satisfaction and trust, it has no significant impact on business sustainability. Likewise, patient satisfaction has a positive effect on loyalty, yet it has no significant impact on business sustainability. Trust has a positive effect on patient loyalty and business sustainability. The research novelty is corporate social responsibility as a determinant of business sustainability, as both an independent and mediating variable, including the employee social responsibility. Patient trust plays a vital role as a mediator between patient satisfaction and loyalty. Ethics has the highest contribution to CSR, furthermore, employee social responsibility and measurement are valid for marketing studies.
The challenges of production of mental health care: from the multiprofessional relations dialogue
Authors: Lima Israel Coutinho Sampaio , Martins André Marques , Lima Sérgio Beltrão de Andrade , Bizerra Patrícia Lira
Published: October 2020

Objetivo: Analisar a conformação do processo de trabalho multiprofissional e interdisciplinar com ênfase na tomada de decisão e na construção de relações interpessoais para o desenvolvimento da atenção à saúde mental. Método: Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, realizado no Centro de Atenção Psicossocial, de Crateús, Ceará, Brasil, entre os meses de julho a agosto de 2017, com dez participantes. As entrevistas foram guiadas por roteiro semiestruturado e tratadas através da análise de conteúdo. Resultados: Os dados apontam para uma conformação predominante do agrupamento dos núcleos profissionais, diante da fragmentação da linguagem, dos objetivos, das diferenças técnicas e autonomia profissional. Conclusão: Tendo em vista e existência da sobreposição de ações entre os núcleos profissionais, torna-se importante incluir neste processo o mediador de conflitos, o qual possa viabilizar um projeto assistencial comum.
SAXS reveals highly flexible interdomain linkers of tandem acyl carrier protein–thioesterase domains from a fungal nonreducing polyketide synthase
Authors: Bunnak Waraporn , Winter Ashley J. , Lazarus Colin M. , Crump Matthew P. , Race Paul R. , Wattana‐Amorn Pakorn
Published: October 2020

Menisporopsin A is a fungal bioactive macrocyclic polylactone, the biosynthesis of which requires only reducing (R) and nonreducing (NR) polyketide synthases (PKSs) to guide a series of esterification and cyclolactonization reactions. There is no structural information pertaining to these PKSs. Here, we report the solution characterization of singlet and doublet acyl carrier protein (ACP2 and ACP1‐ACP2)–thioesterase (TE) domains from NR‐PKS involved in menisporopsin A biosynthesis. Small‐angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS) studies in combination with homology modelling reveal that these polypeptides adopt a distinctive beads‐on‐a‐string configuration, characterized by the presence of highly flexible interdomain linkers. These models provide a platform for studying domain organization and interdomain interactions in fungal NR‐PKSs, which may be of value in directing the design of functionally optimized polyketide scaffolds.
Association Between the Severity of Periodontitis and Osteoarthritis in Middle‐Aged and Older Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Nationwide Population‐Based Study
Authors: Kim Hyoung‐Sik , Park Hye‐Min , Kim Haeyoung , Lee Hye Sun , Son Da‐Hye , Lee Yong‐Jae
Published: October 2020

Objective

Periodontitis and osteoarthritis are major public health concerns that result in decreased quality of life among middle‐aged and older adults. We sought to examine whether the severity of periodontitis is related to osteoarthritis according to the presence of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Methods

This study included 3,527 participants age ≥50 years from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Periodontitis was assessed using the Community Periodontal Index; severe periodontitis was defined as periodontal tissue forming deep periodontal pockets ≥6‐mm depth. Osteoarthritis was defined as Kellgren/Lawrence grade ≥2 on radiographic images of the knee or hip area with joint pain. The odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for osteoarthritis according to the severity of periodontitis, stratified by type 2 diabetes mellitus, were calculated using multiple logistic regression analyses.

Results

Participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus were more likely to have osteoarthritis as the severity of periodontitis increased (nonsevere periodontitis OR 1.23 [95% CI 0.67–2.32]; severe periodontitis OR 3.01 [95% CI 1.51–5.84]) after adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, smoking status, alcohol consumption, regular exercise, education level, household income, hypertension, and frequent tooth‐brushing. However, this positive association was not found in individuals without type 2 diabetes mellitus after adjusting for the same covariables.

Conclusion

Severe periodontitis was positively and significantly associated with osteoarthritis in middle‐aged and older individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Our findings suggest that the oral inflammation manifesting in periodontitis may be at least partly involved in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis, particularly in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Advances in Natural Biopolymer‐Based Electrolytes and Separators for Battery Applications
Authors: Lizundia Erlantz , Kundu Dipan
Published: October 2020

Rechargeable batteries are ubiquitous, and their usage is projected to grow tremendously over the years. They are vital to curbing the fossil fuel dependency and are destined to play a significant role in the future energy landscape. However, rising demand will eventually strain raw material resources, and potentially cripple the development and deployment of associated technologies. In this regard, alongside materials and methods involving sustainable resources, greener manufacturing and recycling potential, renewable resource derived biodegradable materials, i.e., natural biopolymers–are attracting interest for sustainable and eco‐friendly future batteries. While they are being studied for nearly all aspects of a battery cell development, their exploration as an electrolyte component has been the subject of widespread investigations. These studies include, but are not limited to, their utilization as the building block for electrolyte wettable and more thermally resistant separators, as an alternative to synthetic polymers in gel polymer and solid polymer electrolytes, and as functional membranes to inhibit the loss of electroactive species in diverse battery chemistries. Here, a summary of natural biopolymer‐based electrolytes and separators development that incorporate novel concepts is presented to tackle specific issues in various battery systems and future perspective underpinning their further advancement.