bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The phytopatological compatibility of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) var. IPB Bm 1 as refugia
Authors: Wafa A , Cahyadi Y A
Published: May 2021

Refugia has been used to avoid insect pests in the leguminous plant. However, utilization of refugia never been evaluated at the level of sensitivity to primary plant disease. The research aimed to find out the compatibility of Sunflower Var IPB Bm 1 as refugia due to primary plant pathogen. It affected the stem rot disease on the most crop, caused by the fungal pathogen, Sclerotium rolfsii. The Research conducted in the in-vitro level. The sunflower seed tested on the S. rolfsii colony by used two different media, planted by 7 mm from the outer colony of fungal. The infection ability, time requirement of infection, sclerotia size, and developing time of sclerotia used as observation subject and compared to the control. Based on the result, compared due to the control treatment, the infection time requirement of the fungal pathogen to infected sunflower are six hours slower than control, have a bigger sclerotia size, more than 47,680 µm2 bigger and faster-developed sclerotia. The development stage from hyphae to the well-developed sclerotia in Sunflower seeds are 7,1 days faster than the control treatment. The result indicated the S.rolfsii could develop well to the dormancy stage on the Sunflower IPB Bm 1 more faster than the control treatment. In line with that, became highly recommend for adding the phytopatologial aspect on the selecting refugia plant in the future. Aimed to reducing the possibility the refugia plant became alternate host and inoculum source of main pathogen.
Properties and reclassification of volcanic soil in Sungai Kamuyang village, West Sumatra
Authors: Sari D P , Juniarti  , Rasyidin A , Saidi A
Published: May 2021

This study was aimed to examine the classification of soil in Sungai Kamuyang, West Sumatra by the USDA Soil Taxonomy up to the level of familty. This research was conducted in Sungai Kamuyang, Luak District, Limapuluh Kota Regency, West Sumatra, Laboratory of Soil Science Andalas University, and Laboratory of Soil Chemistry and Soil Mineralogy of Soil Research Center, Bogor. This research used a survey method with several stages: Preparation, Pre-Survey, Main Survey, Soil Analysis, and Data Processing. Based on the resluts in classification of Soil in Sungai Kamuyang, it found differences in the resluts in classification of Soil in Sungai Kamuyang served Land Unit Map Solok Sheet by Soil and Agroclimate Research Center in 1990, which is only on the profile SL3 showing characteristics of Andisols while on the other profiles show Inceptisols characteristics.
Physical quality determination of fresh strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa var. Osogrande) fruit in tropical environment using image processing approach
Authors: Nugroho C S , Ainuri M , Falah M A F
Published: May 2021

Strawberry (Fragaria x ananassavar.Osogrande) fruit has a high economic value and healthy for human. However, there was a problem with strawberries quality for supply chain and can be deteriorated easily during the transportation process, especially in tropical environment. Image processing is one of the methods considered to be applied for rapid detecting using non-destructive method. Objective of this research was to compare the determination of physical quality of strawberry fruit between conventional method and image processing method. Determination of the image processing method was using webcam 8 mp with 100% maturity level of strawberry fruit, then after acquisition of the sample of strawberry the data was analysed using Matlab software. Observations of the physical quality parameters observed including color and texture of skin, diameter, length, volume and the surface area of strawberries. Performance of image processing have relatively good, with high accuracy for several physical quality of strawberry fruit such as : length (96,50%), diameter (93,70%), Area (93,88%), volume (96,42%), texture (83,8%) redness (a*) (76,74%) and yellowness (b*) (66,89%) with not significant difference with conventional method measurements, however (lightness (L*) color parameter significant difference between image processing and conventional measurements.
The effect of binahong leaf meal (Anredera cordifolia (ten.) Steenis) as feed additive on digestive organs profile of broiler chickens
Authors: Widodo N , Khasanah H
Published: May 2021

Binahong (Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis) is known as an herb plant that has a biofunctional compound and is used for medical treatment. This study aims to determine the effect of binahong leaf meal (BL) on the digestive organs’ profile, namely intestinal length and weight (duodenum, jejunum, and ileum), and percentages of liver, heart, and bursal of broiler chickens. A total of one hundred and ninety-two male DOC of broiler were divided into six treatments with four replications, and each replication consisted of 8 birds. The treatment groups were: C (negative control), T: tetracycline 50 ppm (positive control), B1 (1% BLM), B2 (2% BL), B4 (4%), and B8 (8% BL). The data obtained were performed by analysis of variance and followed with Duncan’s multiple range test. The results showed that BLM’s addition increased to 8%, significantly different (P <0.01), to jejunum length, ileum length, liver and heart weight percentage. Based on our study, it can be concluded that the addition of BLM up to 4% produced the best performance on the broiler’s digestive organ profile.
The role of rhizobacteria to control rhizoctonia disease and to improvement plant growth of soybean on sub-optimal dry land
Authors: Majid A , Soeparjono S , Hani E S , Soedrajad R , Prayitno T A
Published: May 2021

Rhizoctonia disease is caused by the Rhizoctonia solani fungus. that is a soil pathogen and is very dangerous because of its ability to persist in soil (soil borne pathogen) for a long time. Controlling by chemical not effective because they are have negative impact for example pollute the environment, harm non-target organism and harmful to humans. For that efforts are required alternative control an effective and environmentally friendly, one of them is by use bacteria PGPR. Some the genus of rhizobacteria often use are Pseudomonas fluorescens and Bacillus subtilis able to control a plant pathogen. The aims of research to understand the role of rhizobacteria potential in controlling rizoctonia disease and improvement plant growth of soybean. The result in vitro research showed that combination bacteria antagonistic P. fluorescens and B. subtillis provide better than single treatment, with inhibition is 88,1 % on 7 days after inoculations. While in vivo research showed that a combination of both the bacteria is also the best results with the disease insidence 12.4 % with frequency application 3 times, the control (not treatment) showed disease insidane 25,6 % with frequency application 4 times. The variables of compliance were N-total of tissues (%) shows that combination treatment bacteria better than the single treatment, with the N precentage is 0,499 % and heavy dry up to 4,12 %.
Wind damage and yield recovery in rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) plantation
Authors: Junaidi  , Wibowo S A , Wijaya A
Published: May 2021

The recent study observed the damage type and the effect on the yield and dry rubber content (DRC) of wind damaged and one-year recovery of rubber trees. The observation covered 11 sites consisted of 8, 11, 12, and 15 years of PB 260 clone. The damage type was distinguished into curved, cracking curved, broken branch, broken stem, and uprooted. Latex samples were collected from each damage type and compared with normal trees. The observation exhibited that the broken stem and uprooted trees were found in the center of the impacted area, whereas curved and broken branch trees were located in the outer. The proportion of curved, broken branches and uprooted trees increased by plant age, while the proportion of broken stem decreased. The wind damage inflicted a significant yield loss and DRC decrease. The curved trees showed the least impact on the yield, yet it was reduced by nearly 50 %, and the DRC lower around 4.92 %. Nevertheless, when the curve was accompanied by cracking, the yield loss and the DRC decrease were more severe. The one-year recovery trees indicated that the trees did not fully recover.
Perfecting policies of chili agribusiness to support food security: evidence from Indonesia districts
Authors: Wardhono A , Nasir M A , Qori’ah C G , Indrawati Y
Published: May 2021

The availability of chili supply to meet domestic demand is very important, especially mitigating the volatility of chili prices. The fluctuating development of chili prices implies that the maintenance of chili supply is very important in maintaining food price stability. It is because decreased of chili productivity will lead to price increases with increased demand, while excess supply also causes prices to drop, especially at the farm level. The districts of Jember and Banyuwangi as the largest chili suppliers in East Java need to make strategic policies so that production, productivity, and prices of chilies do not fluctuate from time to time. The purpose of this study was to develop a chili agribusiness development strategy to support food security in Jember and Banyuwangi. The analytical tools used are SWOT analysis and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Based on the results of the analysis, it was found that the main policy priorities in Banyuwangi Regency were increasing information on prices and chili products, strengthening the commitment of farmers, traders and industry, and increasing trust among industry players. Whereas in Jember Regency, namely strengthening the commitment of farmers, traders and industry, minimizing distribution barriers, and ease of obtaining funds.
Measuring the competitiveness of cassava in East Java, Indonesia: evidence in Jember regency
Authors: Nasir M A , Qori’ah C G , Wardhono A
Published: May 2021

The development of cassava is vitally important in the effort to supply non-rice carbohydrate foodstuffs, diversify local food consumption, develop food processing industries and agro-industries, source foreign exchange through exports, and support increased food security and food self-sufficiency. The problem of cassava production and productivity in the management of cassava farming in Jember Regency has strong implications about the specification and response estimation of the production function. If productivity is one component of increasing the competitiveness of cassava, there will be a discontinuity in responding to incentives in the market. The purpose of this study was to measure the competitiveness of cassava in Jember Regency using revealed comparative advantage (RCA) analysis techniques. The results show that the cassava commodity has a value of 17.23 or above one, which means cassava has a comparative advantage compared to other regions with the same commodity. The high RCA value can occur due to several things, for example, the influence of the need for dried cassava to the industry so the cassava production is prioritized to meet the needs of dry cassava outside the region (exports), or the domestic dry cassava flour industry is developing, efficient, or attractive for investors to engage in the agro-industry because of the large profits. This value has increased when compared to the previous year which was 16.31. This can occur because the demand for cassava from outside the region has also increased as a raw material for bioethanol and its derivative products as well as improved prices at the farm level and the average price of cassava in the national market.
Strategies on technology management for coffee smallholder to promote the smart farming implementation
Authors: Wulandari S , Ferry Y
Published: May 2021

Smart farming is becoming increasingly important in providing technology infrastructure for the coffee agribusiness to develop a competitive value chain. On the other side, most coffee smallholders are characterized by limited access to technology and low technology adoption. As development and exploitation of technological capabilities, technology management would be a strategic way to promote smart farming implementation. Hence, this study aims twofold: (1) to identify the constraints in smart farming implementation, and (2) formulate technology management strategy in supporting smart farming for the coffee smallholder. The study was conducted in West Lampung, and the analysis method used pairwise comparison by using Saaty’s scale. The analysis reveals that respondents’ constraints related to knowledge and skills, technology, information, capital, organizational, and resources aspects. The results of this study provide useful information about technoware, humanware, inforware, orgaware, and cysnetware, as components of technology management, to support smart farming for the coffee smallholder.
Replacing the growing media to reduce the seedling weight of citrus (Citrus nobilis var. Microcarpa) and its effects on seedling growth
Authors: Umar A , Marzuki S U , Warman R
Published: May 2021

Seedling translocation of citrus plant is labor-intensive and expensive. It is heavy due to the large amount of soil that is needed to growth the seedlings. This research aimed to overcome the difficulties by reducing or replacing the growth media of the seedling and examined its effects on the seedling growth. The trial was conducted in Monterado Experimental Farm, Bengkayang Regency, West Kalimantan. There were two factors in the experiment, i.e. the type of growing media and biological agent. The type of growing media factor consisted of two levels, soil and cocopeat, while the biological agent factor consisted of three levels,Trichoderma, Bioboost©, and control. The sample seedlings were selected using simple random sampling method. The results showed the survival rate was 100% for all treatments. The use of soil reduced 59.25% of the initial seedling weight, while cocopeat reduced the weigh up to 77.84%. There were no significant differences in the number of leaves, leaf width, number of shoots and shoot lengths caused by different growing media and the application of the biological agents.
Design of video-based extension media concerning the utilization of rice bran as functional food
Authors: Fadhilah N , Fahmiati C , Utami P A , Febriansyah R S , Afifah Y , Anggraini Y , Rusdiyana E
Published: May 2021

The objectives of program were to produce video-based extension media design, (2) to produce a credible agricultural extension media in helping community service, particularly in relation to the processing of rice bran (rice sifting) into functional food in dasawisma (ten house) groups. Data was analyzed using triangulation technique. The result of research showed that the video-based extension design concerning the processing of rice bran into a variety of functional food used combined text (letter), image, sound, colour, and animation, constituting the advantages (strengths) of video media compared with other media. Revised extension media is well accepted by the public and considered effective in absorbing the material delivered up to 90% with an assessment score 9,5.
Experimental Study on the Performance of the Gas Centrifugal Seal with Continuous Injection and Discharge of Sealing Fluid
Authors: Kunyi Chen , Shuangxi Li
Published: May 2021

The centrifugal seal has the advantages of simple structure, long service life and the cost is far lower than the dry gas seal. But under high-speed gas conditions, the temperature of the sealing fluid rises too high and low sealing pressure. This paper studies the gas centrifugal seal with continuous injection and discharge of sealing fluid, establishes a numerical model, simulates the gas-liquid two-phase flow field and temperature field in the sealing chamber. Revealing the effects of the speed and the sealing fluid flux on the sealing performance by comparing the changes in the sealing fluid pressure, temperature, and sealing capacity under different operating conditions. And the reliability of its application to gas mechanical seals is verified through experiments. The results show that at high speeds, the pumping compression effect of the sealing fluid is enhanced, and the sealing capability is improved. Within a certain range, increasing the flux of the sealing fluid can effectively reduce the temperature and prevent the sealing fluid from vaporizing, the continuous injection and discharge structure has a significant effect.
Dynamic Analysis and Experimental Research on the Cantilever High Speed Rotor of Turbofan Engine
Authors: Nie Weijian , Deng Wangqun , Yuan Sheng , Chen Yanong
Published: May 2021

Taking a simulated low-pressure rotor of a turbofan engine as the research object, the dynamic characteristic calculation model of the simulated low-pressure rotor with hollow shaft and solid shaft was established respectively by using the finite element method. The first three order critical speeds and mode shapes of the rotor were calculated systematically. The dynamic balance test of the simulated low-pressure rotor and the research on the damping effect of the squeeze film damper were carried out on the high-speed rotating test rig, and the dynamic characteristic test was completed in the full speed range. The results show that the finite element results agree well with the experimental results. The rationality of the rotor’s hollow shaft structure and rotor dynamic design was verified. The research provides reference and technical support for structural design, dynamic design and experimental research of real low-pressure rotor in engine.
Calculation and analysis of interaction flowfield over tiltrotor aircraft in conversion mode
Authors: Huan Li , Xiaojun Wu , Hongyin Jia , guiyu Zhou , Pengcheng Cui , Bin Li
Published: May 2021

Aiming at solving the complicated aerodynamic interaction problem of conversion mode, the preconditioning method is applied. Combined with the unstructured hybrid technique and the overlapping grid interpolation technique, a numerical simulation method for tiltrotor aircraft in conversion mode is established. On this basis, the validity of the numerical method is verified. Then, with the numerical simulation of isolated rotor, isolated fuselage and tiltrotor aircraft, the laws of the aerodynamic interaction of rotor/fuselage/wing/tail are analyzed with tilting process. The calculation results show that the rule of the influence of the rotor wake on the aerodynamic performance of the wing is different between the inner side and the outer side of the wing. Compared with the isolated rotor, the thrust coefficient of the rotor of the aircraft increases slightly by 0 ∼ 5% during the tilting process due to wing and the fuselage.
An Insight to the Interphase in Polymer Nanocomposites
Authors: Pant Gaurav , Singh Mehra Kuber
Published: May 2021

Nanocomposites has floated in the market as the best in class material related to many sectors of manufacturing. Base material is embedded with nanoparticles to form nanocomposites. Afterwards, layered formation known as interphase starts to take place. It is the link (interface) between the base material (polymer) and the nanoparticle. Up till now, the problem of finding the material properties in this interphase has become a challenge for researchers and scientists. This piece of work corresponds to analyzing the possible types of variations in properties within interphase. Some power law may govern the distribution of material properties in nanocomposites and unit cell of same may be investigated. For getting the values of final properties of polymer nanocomposites, ideation of variation in the interphase area is quite essential. The huge improvement in the material properties in nanocomposites is observed just because of the zone of interphase. As it is a very difficult area, as far as its property analysis is concerned, So extensive literature survey is required for proceeding ahead. Nanocomposites have nowadays also coined in the form of novel materials for various processes like additive manufacturing.
Mechanical properties of cement mortar with Lime & Rice hush ash
Authors: Shukla Ashish , Kishore Kamal , Gupta Nakul
Published: May 2021

Hardening of cement-based mortars along with rice husk ash and lime in various formulations was studied using mechanical strength. As cement is partially substituted with RHA; the combined hydration of (OPC) cement, carbonation reaction, and pozzolanic reaction result in hardening. Although hydration of cement contributes to boost the mortar early strength, at the later stages, carbonation becomes much greater as its cement level decreases and the mortar’s porosity increases. The long-term strength growth of cement–rice husk Ash mortars is below that of the reference cement (OPC) mortar due to its higher porosity resulting from high demands of water in Rice husk ash grains. For cement-Rice-husk Ash – lime mortars with 10 percent cement weight, the reduction in strength is observed at an early stage. It has been clarified that the current phase of calcium silicate hydrate (C–S–H) is insufficiently cemented and carbonated.
Effect of Additives on Rheological Properties of Water
Authors: Behera Ajit Kumar , Raju Indukuri Viswanath , Baratam Akhil Teja , Sharma Aman , Mandal Surajit , Prasann Kumar Ankit Kotia
Published: May 2021

Agriculture is one of the main consumers of freshwater products. The challenge of draughts is a major obstacle to the progress of agriculture. In the present study, the rheological properties of the water have been modified to change the flow properties. For the preparation of rice husk powder, a prototype of a machine is proposed. Rice husk powder and starch are used to modify the viscosity. Six samples are prepared using rice husk and starch in varying proportions. The rheological properties are measured at a shear rate of 0-200. The presence of powdered material has significantly altered the viscosity of the water.
Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Graphene based Hybrid Polymer Nanocomposites - A Review
Authors: Haider Mohd. Rehan , Kumar Singh Pradeep
Published: May 2021

Graphene-based materials are platelets of one or several layers that can be supplied by substance techniques in mass quantities. Therefore we present a report on polymer nanocomposites, including late work using graphite nanoplatelet fillers, using graphite-based fillers. In addition to techniques for the dispersion of these materials in various polymer grids, various courses used to manufacture graphemic materials are discussed. In addition, the mechanical and thermal characteristics of these composites are examined and The characteristics of graphene-based materials and their dispersion condition in the grid will be studied. A diagram of possible uses for these composites and existing challenges in the field is geared to the future and is aimed at enhancing the materials that are promising. In this review, the analysis of a few decent articles focused on half and half of the composites of graphene and The adaptive impact of graphene with the other nanoparticles in order to calculate its effects on the composite mechanical properties.
Mechanical Characterization Of Polymer Nano Composite: Progress In Last Decade
Authors: Singh Pradeep kumar , Dwivedi Vishwa Deepak
Published: May 2021

In recent times it is versatile in the study, technology and sciences fields natural fibres with nano polymeric materials though as an effective strengthening for cognitive resources. Natural fibres are reasonably inexpensive and then not only solid and powerful, they often exhibit a top power, a reduced weight, non-abrasive, environmentally and recyclable qualities. Usually using natural fibres such as silk, cedar, pineapple, tobacco, etc., plastic reinforcing of discarded biodegradable polymers is a safe choice for the climate. This helps the production of polymeric composites that demonstrate best to offer implementations in the architecture, automobile, aviation and manufacturing operations. Due to the wider crystallite size, and stronger screen resolution, with interesting properties, nano polymer composite displays major applications in various fields. In comparison to fibre content interfacial interaction power, the elastic modulus of a natural fibre reinforced nano polymer matrix rely on variables including fibre strength, fibre duration, electrochemical oxidation and inclination.
Photosensitivity of semiconducting SeTeSb glasses
Authors: Saraswat Shobhit , Tomar V K , D Kumar V K Deolial , Dahshan A.
Published: May 2021

Photo-electrical measurements are done on thin films of SeTeSb to see the influence of Sb additive on the light-induced conduction of binary Se80Te20 alloy. The ratio of electrical conductivity under dark to light conditions has been measured for measuring the photosensitivity of the samples. The activation energies of conduction for dark and light conditions (∆Eph) are also determined. The results reveal that both σph / σd and ∆Eph are reduced with an increase in Sb concentration. This indicates that density of defect states (DDS) is increased with an increase in the concentration of foreign element (i.e., Antimony) in thin films of these glassy systems. The cause of the increase in defects is also discussed. Start your abstract here…
Numerical analysis of displacement ventilation for different locations of the outlets
Authors: Naidu A H , Singh A , Mohan T V S Yaswanth , Murthy K K , Mallela M , Choudhary R
Published: May 2021

In the earlier phase of construction of simple buildings, natural ventilation was the best ventilation method used in those times. It was a simple system which includes windows, doors, chimneys etc. where forces like buoyancy force acts due to thermal and density variations of indoor and outdoor air. Later, due to increase in working population in offices, industries, natural ventilation failed to satisfy the comfort levels of the working people. A combination of mixing ventilation and natural ventilation introduced satisfying industries and large shopping outlets in both comfort levels and also improved air distribution quality guaranteeing the safety of people working by clearing out pollutants efficiently. But the shortcomings of this ventilation were such that the higher jet velocities causing loud noises, less efficiency causing pollutants concentration to rise in air, etc. Therefore, at places where noiseless, efficiency and moderate comfort is preferred displacement ventilation came in the present scenario. Displacement ventilation supplies cold air at low velocities from the floor level, while hot air rises to the ceiling due to buoyancy while hot air escapes through the exit outlets placed at proper positions to create a way for the circulation of fresh air. The displacement ventilation in an office model with different variations that depend on heat sources, outlet positions etc. is studied in the present study. Different cases have been simulated for the different locations of the outlet and number of heat sources.
A Review on The Axis Tracking Used for Solar PV Application
Authors: Singh Amit Pratap , Yadav Indresh
Published: May 2021

Today, the world is facing an immense challenge, such as the energy crisis, and we know that only small quantities of fossil fuels are available and these will be lost after 35-40 years or their quantities will be very limited. Hence, to fulfil our energy demand, the right option is to use renewable energy. Renewable energy is various types like wind energy, biomass energy (such as ethanol), hydropower energy, solar energy, etc. But we use solar energy the most because this energy is installed at a very low cost. And also, many important factors affect solar PV power production. Out of these, the most important is the solar tracking system which achieves very high efficiency in comparison to fixed systems. This paper uses various types of tracking techniques like active tracking, passive tracking, and chronological tracking, and also a comparison with the different tracking is also discussed. From these discussions, one can select the tracking method adopted for a specific application.
Numerical Analysis of Liquid Immersion of Panels as a Cooling Technique
Authors: Dixit Krishna Kant , Saxena Aditi , Yadav Indresh
Published: May 2021

The materials used in the manufacturing of solar panels is a semiconductor which is sensitive to the irradiation falling on it. The semiconductor materials begin to heat and becomes inefficient after certain point of temperature and the power output becomes too low to utilize. To overcome this problem of high temperature certain cooling techniques are implemented. The aim of this paper is to analyse the reduction in the temperature of the panels which can be obtained for different ambient conditions by implementing liquid immersion of panels as a cooling technique by simulating the equations involved in the dissipation and absorption of heat from the panels. The immersion of panels reduces the direct contact of panels with the heat absorbed from the irradiation by changing the refractive index of the medium from air to water.
Construction and Performance Analysis of a New Natural Convection Solar Dryer for Drying of Tomatoes and Green Chilies
Authors: Sharma Avdhesh Kumar
Published: May 2021

Mechanical drying of farming items is a vitality expending activity in the post-gathering innovation. More prominent accentuation is given to utilizing sun powered vitality sources in this procedure because of the significant expenses and deficiencies of non-renewable energy sources. Therefore, an appropriate technology for drying of agricultural products has been developed and its performance of drying of tomatoes and green chilies was evaluated. A new solar dryer working on natural convection was developed. The point of this investigation is to assess dryer execution under natural convection methods of drying. In natural convection, air mass stream pace of 0.04849 kg/s was acquired. Heated sir stream reached on average drying temperature of 50.5°C in characteristic convection. The outcome acquired from natural convection methods of drying were likewise contrasted with open sun drying. The shading, flavor and time required for drying is good in solar drying when contrasted with sun drying.
Engineering Workshop generate waste: A plan for its management
Authors: Mahmood Moazzam , Dwivedi Vijay Kumar , Anas Islam
Published: May 2021

-Engineering workshops are an integral part of every technical Institute. All engineering graduates of all streams are supposed to go through engineering workshops in their first year of study. The workshops required to focus on the issues pertaining the management of wastes generated while the students are learning (working) and to develop consensus that waste management is a problem. Workshop waste material is a key factor when assessing the sustainability of a manufacturing process. The cost of the raw material assigned to the institutional workshops is very high because of its high utilization by all the engineering graduates, so it is very important to manage the raw material as well as the finished product of every shop to convert into useful household product. This paper attempts to suggest the finished product of one shop to be utilized as a raw material for another shop in order to reduce the running cost of engineering workshops and the objective of this paper is to promote the awareness to the engineering graduates towards the reuse of the used material of the generated mechanical wastes in the institutions.
Process Parameters Optimization Through Taguchi and ANOVA Analysis - A Review
Authors: Raman Ravi Shankar , Kukreja Nitin , Singh Nidhi
Published: May 2021

In the present scenario the period of rivalry and financial disturbance, a wide range of organizations are using the various optimization techniques or strategies that are helpful for keeping up and enhance the quality and efficiency. In this paper the outline on, the improvement of various boundaries in milling and drilling operation is discussed through some research survey. The ANOVA technique was used to found the significance control factors which help to measure the required surface roughness parameter. The response surface methodology and DOE methods are generally utilized in the various research study on milling and drilling operation. The quality of machining process are depends on various machining parameters like cutting speed, feed rate, tool diameter and structure, cutting depth, work piece material etc. The all above parameters are the key factors for machining optimization process and discussed through this review paper surface roughness has been analyzed Taguchi strategy.
Performance Enhancement and Analysis of Shell and Tube Type Heat Exchanger
Authors: Sengar Trivendra , Kumar Agrawal Manoj , Grover Tarun
Published: May 2021

Nano-fluids are playing a very important role in thermal stream due to its physical and thermal properties. Now a day it was observed that there are lots of papers which have explained the deep study on nanofluids. There are so many areas in which nanofluids are used to increase the thermal efficiency and coefficient of heat transfer. In this review comprehension, many research works which are related to nanofluids used as a working fluid in shell and tube heat exchanger will be summarized in efficient way. And theoretical as well as experimental study is to be performed for shell and tube heat exchanger to determine what the effects on various parameters of graphene nanofluid, silver nanofluid, Al2O3 nanofluid and copper nanofluid. Graphite is the cheapest form of producing flanks of graphene and these samples of produced graphene were optimized with help of different type of methods. To increase the performance of heat transfer of shell & tube heat exchanger, the graphene nanofluid is used as a working fluid rather than any different type of ordinary fluid. The thermal efficiency and the coefficient of heat transfer depend upon the inlet temperature, flow rate, concentration of working fluid. The general outcomes show that by increasing in concentration of nanoparticle and flow rate of working fluids, there will be the increment in heat transfer rate, thermal conductivity and efficiency of heat exchanger.
Mass Optimization of Automotive Radial Arm Using FEA for Modal and Static structural Analysis
Authors: Billur Santosh , Raju G U
Published: May 2021

The radial arm is an important part of an automobile suspension system. A vehicle suspension system having radial arms that are connected to axle brackets through vertically arranged bushings. The radial arms are fabricated using sheet metal members that are assembled in a clam-shell arrangement. An important consideration in the design of radial arm is the natural frequencies and mode shapes for dynamic loading conditions along with stiffness. The present work is focused on mass optimization of radial arm for modal and static structural analysis. The work includes investigation of natural frequencies and mode shapes of the optimized design of radial arm and comparing with the static structural analysis results using Finite element analysis tool. The radial arm was modeled in Catia V5, finite element modeling was done in Altair Hypermesh and analysis was done using Optistruct solver. From the static stiffness analysis, it was observed that the mass of the assembly can be reduced for given loading and boundary conditions by carrying out design modifications to the assembly without changing the manufacturing process. It was found that mass has been reduced to 13% of baseline model and stiffness also increased in all the directions. Modal analysis results indicate that all the natural frequencies are well within the range of baseline model.
Design and implementation of AI Based Robotic Car for Surveillance and transportation
Authors: Kumar Ajitesh , Kumari Mona
Published: May 2021

The world of control is an exciting field that has exploded with new technologies where the Internet of Things vision becomes a reality. Today, IoT with AI is used to make applications such as intelligent transportation, smart security, and smart home. The wireless communication technique is beneficial in IoT nowadays. In this paper, the author proposed a model for android control robot car using wireless technology. Obstacle detection is advantageous in terms of avoiding accidents; the author has been introduced in this paper. This robot car also detects the AQI index of the place. The data is shared on the BLYNK cloud app as well for further decisions.
Low Power Single-Bit Cache Memory Architecture
Authors: Agrawal Reeya , Faujdar Neetu , Saxena Aditi
Published: May 2021

A quantitative and yield analysis of single bit cache memory architecture has been analyzed. A single bit cache memory architecture is made up of a write driver circuit, SRAM cell, and sense amplifier. Apart from it, the power reduction technique has been applied over different blocks of single bit cache memory architecture such as sense amplifier and SRAM cell, to optimize the power consumption of the circuit. To check the robustness of the circuit monte Carlo simulation and process corner simulation also have been done. The conclusion arises that Single bit cache memory architecture having VMSA with forced stack technique over SRAM in an architecture consumes the lowest power (9.18 μW).
A modelling & Simulation via CloudSim for Live Migration in Virtual Machines
Authors: Gupta Ambika
Published: May 2021

In growing era of cloud computing, one major utility is better and improved performance. For which Cloud Computing is a model which provides various resources available in a pool from where the users can get available the same when required. In the overall process there can be an important issue that is Fault tolerance to provide the high availability for the process which is being required by the user. And simultaneously if any fault occurs then user might not found any server downtime and other kind of delay in getting the response. There are many compute nodes such as Virtual machines further controlled by the Hypervisor. For transferring the load among compute nodes can be done by Cold Migration earlier there was a technique Non-Live migration. But at the same time there were lot many issues and challenges with the same that user might get the server downtime for infinite delay. For overcoming that there is an on-going technique which is known as Hot Migration or Live migration. It allows system administrators to shuffle the load available on an operating system instance to other Guest Operating system instance without any intervention on hosted service. This approach benefits to provide and efficient online system where no downfall in server maintenance. It also cures the load balancing, reconfiguration of data centers. The simulation of above aforesaid concept has been done via Cloudsim a tool for modelling and simulation in Cloud computing environment for live migration of virtual machines without intervention of cloud services. This paper simulated the work and gives the efficient results in comparison to the existing techniques.
Examine the Mechanical Properties of Recycled Coarse Aggregate with MK GGBS
Authors: Sharma Prashant , Verma Mohit , Sharma Neha
Published: May 2021

This paper present the laboratory investigation on replacing of Natural Coarse Aggregate (NCA) with Recycled Coarse Aggregate (RCA) in concrete while Cement is replaced by Metakaolin (MK) and GGBS (Ground Granulated Blast-furnace Slag), as varying content of GGBS as 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25% with amount of MK was fixed at 10% by weight. In concrete mix specimens, NCA was replaced with RCA by 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50% by weight. To understand the fresh properties of concrete, slump test was performed and found satisfactory result. To analyse hardened properties of MK GGBS based recycled aggregate concrete mix, compressive strength at curing ages of 7, 28 and 56 days while flexural strength were performed at 28 curing days. Mix id 43 explored the optimum compressive strength. From the experiments study, it can be concluded that the 30% replacement of NCA carried good result with 10% MK and 20% GGBS.
Evaluating effects of various mineral admixtures when replaced with a part of cement in concrete
Authors: Sharma Ujjwal , Yadav Bhuvnesh , Gupta Nakul
Published: May 2021

With increase in the demand of concrete there is increase in demand of cement. Manufacturing cement leads to emission of harmful gases like carbon-di-oxide. This emission of harmful gases in environment led to global warming. On another hand increasing waste landfills of different materials such as brick-dust, ceramic-dust, husk-ash and many more leads to environmental pollution. Hence to save the environment from the harmful gases and also from increasing landfills we make use of various waste material termed as pozzolans. In the pre-requisite research we had taken three different pozzolans say china-clay, flue-ash and brick-kiln-powder. All the three pozzolans were replaced with the part of cement in concrete. The replacement was done to evaluate the pozzolans effect on concrete. The pozzolans are replaced in various set proportions. The replacement proportions were 3%, 6%, 9%, 12%, 15%, 18% and 21%. The concrete developed using various proportions of different pozzolans were tested for various test. The tests were done on fresh concrete and also after concrete get hardened. The tests conducted were C-S, S-T-T, and workability test. In total 189 cubes samples and 189 cylinder samples were casted. The investigation at last concluded that 12% of china clay, 21% of flue-ash and 18% of brick-kiln-powder separately when replaced with cement showed tremendous results as compared to normal concrete. Both C-S and S-T-S were seen to be increasing in same pattern. As the proportion of china-clay increases in concrete the value of slump tends to decrease. But in case of flue-ash it was increasing with increase in%replacement of flue-ash. The slump value in case of brick kiln powder assumed to be higher at 12% replacement. Hence, it was concluded that use of pozzolans in concrete in replacement to cement is good.
Influence of Diatomite on the properties of mortar and concrete: A Review
Authors: Sharma Neha , Sharma Prashant , Verma Sujit kr
Published: May 2021

Pozzolanic additives set off a fundamental part of high strength and most durable concrete mix design. Pozzolanic materials include natural products such as volcanic product (ashes and pumice) and by-product includes metakaolin, rice husk ash, silica fume, fly ash etc. Diatoms have been utilized as one of the pozzolanic additives in industrial sectors and construction industries to improve the rheological and mechanical properties of cement. Diatomite is sedimentary rocks comprised of amorphous or active silica as its main origin. It is being used very frequently as a pozzolanic additive in cement mortar and concrete. It has manifested appreciable effect in altering mechanical and chemical properties of cement. This paper gives an outlook of the work executed on application of diatomite as partial replacement for Portland cement in mortar and concrete. Different mechanical and rheological properties of cement and concrete containing raw diatomite have been widely discussed in the paper.
An Efficient Techniques for Fraudulent detection in Credit Card Dataset: A Comprehensive study
Authors: Bansal Akanksha , Garg Hitendra
Published: May 2021

Now a day, credit card transaction is one the famous mode for financial transaction. Increasing trends of financial transactions through credit cards also invite fraud activities that involve the loss of billions of dollars globally. It is also been observed that fraudulent transactions have increased by 35% from 2018. A huge amount of transaction data is available to analyze the fraud detection activities that require analysis of behavior/abnormalities in the transaction dataset to detect and ignore the undesirable action of the suspected person. The proposed paper lists a compressive summary of various techniques for the classification of fraud transactions from the various datasets to alert the user for such transactions.
Spatio - temporal landcover dynamics and environmental impact in coal mine area of Korba district (Chhattisgarh)
Authors: Singh Neeraj , Shandilya Akash , Tripathi R K , Sharma Keshav K
Published: May 2021

Detection of digital change is the approach that helps to assess the changes associated with land use and land cover resources. Detection of landuse/landcover change in the form of maps and statistical data is very useful for land spatial planning, management and utilisation. In order to research land use / land cover shifts, Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System (GIS) were used. The goal of this study is to detect changes in land use between 1929 and 2009 using satellite images of 1990, 1999 and 2009 TM map data and 2009 Google Earth Imagery and topographic map surveys of India. The study developed a five-year (1929,1970,1999,2005,2009) land use/land cover map of the Korba district of Chhattisgarh to detect changes in the residential area, mining area, water bodies, farm lands, and forest areas in particular. The objective of study is to prepare land use/land cover map for different time periods, analyse the land use changes and evaluate the socio – economic implications of predicted change. Landuse changes have been detected by image processing method in ArcGIS9.3. Monitoring of landuse/landcover changes help to study impact of increase in industrialization on environment and to plan development activities and frame development policies. During this period of 80 years the forest area decreased nearly by half of that in 1929 from 4622.82km2 in 1929 to 2241.66km2 in 2009. The agriculture area increased during the period 1929 -1970 showing that deforested land was converted into agriculture land during this period from 1970 onwards mines and barren area increased from nil to 527.72 km2 in 2009. Residential area showed a drastic increase during the period 1970 -1999 due to migration of people from nearby areas to coal fields in search of livelihood.
‘K-Bot’ Knowledge Enabled Personalized Healthcare Chatbot
Authors: Pradhan Rahul , Shukla Jaya , Bansal Mani
Published: May 2021

In the present scenario when most of the things are just a click away, people consider visiting hospitals as the most effective, reliable, and convenient way for their routine check-ups or disease diagnosis. In the past few years, Machine Learning has been playing a major role in the domain of healthcare. The proposed system or approach focuses on creating an alternate using Decision Tree Algorithm where people can interact with chatbot and it will identify other symptoms and predict the disease along with the confidence level and thus recommending a specialized doctor. Using the above framework can help people save their time and money as well.
Complexity Estimation for Distributed Software Development Using SRS
Authors: Apurva Agarwal
Published: May 2021

In recent years distributed software development has gathered pace. Many development programmes now require asynchronous coordination several time zones apart between geographically dispersed teams. Owing to considerations such as effort spent on team development and technology sharing, software complexity calculation for such projects is difficult to establish a software system infrastructure that can be efficiently spread and minimizes cross-site connectivity, enabling communication between remote teams working on interrelated sections of the architecture and their day-to-day interactions. A globally distributed software project faces, in addition to the technological complexity, an additional complexity contributed by the different supporting parameters. This paper defines these parameters and attempts to estimate all the complexities described above and incorporate these two measures to obtain the corresponding overall measure of complexity during the requirement analysis phase.