bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of the Electrochemical Impedance Immunosensor
Authors: Li Yiming
Published: December 2023

Colloidal gold has been extensively studied for its unique properties in various fields, including diagnostics and therapeutics. The colloidal gold electrochemical impedance immunosensor is a promising tool in antigen detection. It has high sensitivity, specificity, and rapid results. However, it also faces certain challenges, such as the stability of colloidal gold particles and optimization of assay conditions. To address these challenges, this paper suggests several recommendations. First, advancements in colloidal gold synthesis and surface modification techniques can enhance the stability and reproducibility of the particles. Second, optimizing assay conditions, including sample pre-treatment and antigen binding conditions, can improve the overall performance of the electrochemical impedance immunosensor. Furthermore, research is needed to develop the full potential of this technique in different fields and expand its practical applications. In conclusion, the colloidal gold electrochemical impedance immunosensor shows great promise in antigen detection. By comparing it with other methods and proposing solutions to its limitations, this review paper aims to contribute to the advancement of this technique and its applications in various industries. Continued research and development in this field will undoubtedly lead to further improvements and broaden the scope of this powerful tool.
Application of algae in wastewater treatment
Authors: Zhang Zhouyan
Published: December 2023

Nowadays, water contamination has become one of the most significant environmental issues.  The creation and use of algal biotechnology with less investment, good effect and low operating cost has garnered a lot of attention. With the ongoing development of numerous new water treatment technologies, low-cost and effective ecological governance systems have been created quickly. Its purpose is to improve the sewage purification process by improving the inorganic process of organic matter, accelerating the expansion and multiplication of microorganisms, enhancing the metabolic function of microorganisms, and promoting the proliferation of microorganisms. In this article, the removal of nitrogen, phosphorus, heavy metals, antibiotics, pathogens and pesticides by algae was introduced. Additionally, typical algae systems including immobilized algae systems, algal-bacterial symbiotic systems and combination high-rate algae pond systems used in sewage treatment and the limitations and prospects of algae technology were discussed. Algal wastewater treatment is more effective in removing nitrogen and phosphorus than conventional activated sludge processes. Aquaculture wastewater, industrial drainage, municipal sewage, and other distinct forms of water treatment processes can all benefit from the simultaneous transformation and removal of nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur, refractory organic matter, and heavy metals in sewage that is made possible by algae technology. Engineering techniques and technological advancement will be used to create high-efficiency microalgae wastewater treatment reactors, optimize conditions, increase the utilization efficiency of microalgae biological resources, and apply microalgae to wastewater treatment, which will have a significant impact on water quality and economy.
SPR Biosensor Sensor principle and application progress
Authors: Guo Ziyi
Published: December 2023

SPR Biosensor, full name Surface Plasmon Resonance Biosensor, is an instrument used to detect biomolecular interactions. It has the advantages of high sensitivity, high selectivity and real-time to monitor the interaction between substances in real time by optical principle. The working principle of SPR biosensor is based on surface plasmon resonance effect. When there is a certain refractive index difference between the metal surface and the medium, the incident light will be reflected and transmitted. When a biological molecule or chemical molecule binds to a metal surface, it changes the refractive index of the surface, which causes the Angle and intensity of the reflected light to change. By monitoring the changes in reflected light, the binding process and properties of substances can be obtained. SPR biosensors can be widely used in biomedical fields, such as drug screening, disease diagnosis, protein interaction research and so on. Its simple principle, high sensitivity and strong real-time performance make it one of the indispensable tools in modern biological science research. The development direction of SPR biosensor mainly includes improving sensitivity and selectivity, expanding application field, reducing cost and so on. At present, many improved technologies and methods have emerged, such as the introduction of nanomaterials, microfluidic technology, etc., to improve the performance and practicality of sensors. In conclusion, SPR biosensor is an important bioanalytical instrument with broad application prospects and plays an important role in biomedical research and clinical diagnosis.
Analysis on the application of biosensor in forensic detection
Authors: Yang Hanqin
Published: December 2023

This essay simple analysis the advantages and disadvantages of three various biosensor technologies: Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS), Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS), and Immunoassays. The rapid advancements in biosensing technology have revolutionized for the last few years, these biosensors have revolutionized forensic science by enabling analysis of various compounds, aiding in crime scene investigations, drug testing, and toxicological analysis. Firstly, GC-MS offers outstanding sensitivity and specificity. It allows for the detection of complex mixtures, providing valuable information for identifying substances such as drugs and explosives. However, GC-MS requires time-consuming sample preparation methods, limited applicability to volatile analytes. As well as advanced technical expertise, which can pose challenges for forensic laboratories. Second, LC-MS has shown advantages in analyzing a wide range of non-volatile and polar compounds, making it invaluable in forensic toxicology. LC-MS provides excellent sensitivity and selectivity. Promoting the detection and quantification of pharmaceuticals, illicit drugs, and their metabolites. Lastly, immunoassays provide a simpler and faster substitute for forensic analysis. These assays rely on specific antigen-antibody interactions and are capable of detecting a variety of analytes, such as drugs, hormones and toxins. They offer fast turnaround times, cost effectiveness, and compatibility with point-of-care diagnostics.
Mainstream testing methods and non-enzyme electrochemical biosensors for glucose detection
Authors: Xiao Zhang
Published: December 2023

Glucose is an indispensable substance in human’s body. A normal and stable blood glucose rate plays a significant role in leading a healthy living condition. Thus, an effective method to monitor glucose is what scientists are continuously studying to find. This work introduces the currently mainstream testing methods of glucose and a cutting-edge detecting equipment in this field. The mainstream methods include chromatography and biosensor methods. The biosensors are divided into two branches, optical and electrochemical biosensors. Colorimetric, fluorescence and chemiluminescence are three main principle of optical biosensor which already have a long-term development and are mutual for application. While for the electrochemical biosensor, enzyme-based biosensors are widely known and have already been introduced to the public. The non-enzyme, however, is the brand-new field of electrochemical biosensors, which have an ultra-high sensitivity and selectivity for glucose in blood. Carbon-based composites, noble metal-based composites, copper-based composites, and other metal-based materials can be the main function material of electrochemical non-enzyme biosensors. Here, carbon-based composites, noble metal-based composites, copper-based composites, and other metal-based materials biosensors are presented as the example to discuss the advanced aspects compared to other methods and the significance and feasibility of researching and applying this approach.
Nano-enzyme colorimetric biosensor and its application
Authors: Cheng Zhendong
Published: December 2023

Nano-enzymatic colorimetric biosensors have emerged as a promising technology for identifying and measuring analytes. These biosensors utilize nano-enzymes, which are nanomaterials with enzyme-like properties, to catalyze reactions that cause color changes. The simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and ability to visually interpret results without complex instrumentation make this colorimetric sensing technique advantageous. The interaction between the analyte and nanomaterial is crucial in the mechanism of these biosensors, where binding of the analyte to the nano-enzyme's surface triggers a catalytic process resulting in a noticeable color change. Gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) and transition metal nanoparticles are explored for their unique characteristics and potential applications in colorimetric biosensors. Graphene, a carbon substance, is also discussed for its potential in biosensing applications. The use of nano-enzyme colorimetric biosensors in medical diagnosis, environmental protection, and antibacterial applications is expanding rapidly. The article highlights the development of biosensors for identifying oxidase enzyme substrates in food and biological samples, utilizing immobilized enzymes on magnetic nanoparticles and the CUPRAC colorimetric method for detection. The potential of nano-enzyme colorimetric biosensors in medical diagnosis is emphasized, offering a quick, accurate, and practical method for identifying biomolecules and disorders, with the potential for improving patient outcomes and advancing healthcare through further research and development.
Detection Methods of Mercury and Lead Ions
Authors: Xiao Yixuan
Published: December 2023

Heavy metals ions are substances that can cause irreversible damage to the human body. These elements are often contained in raw materials and equipment in industrial production. These heavy metal ions, especially lead and mercury ions, can cause serious diseases when they enter the human body. Therefore, in order to avoid the excessive accumulation of mercury and lead ions in human body, it is very important to detect the heavy metal ions in products. The inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) for detecting mercury ions has been discussed in this work. In addition, electrochemical sensor which used to detect mercury ions was also introduced in this work. As for detection of lead ions, flame atomic absorption spectrometery (FAAS) and anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV) were discussed respectively. This work will promote the understanding of lead and mercury ions detection. At the same time, more research on portable and inexpensive detection methods has become a focus of future research.
Applications of CRISPR-based Lateral Flow Assays in Medicine
Authors: Lin Yueru
Published: December 2023

Due to the constant development of medicine, CRISPR-based lateral flow assays (LFAs) have become a promising technique for detecting various diseases and pathogens. A lot of researches concerning with CRISPR-Cas have been done. Its performance would be enhanced when it was combined with LFAs. In this way, a simple, rapid, and cost-effective diagnostic test could be achieved. This work points out the applications of CRISPR-based LFAs in medicine, specifically in virus detection and bacterial detection. In terms of virus detection, this review focuses on detecting SARS-CoV-2, HBV, and EBV. In terms of bacterial detection, this review highlights the detection of Salmonella, Leptospira, and Staphylococcus aureus. These assays are all rapid, accurate, simple, time-saving, and cost-effective. Despite the advantages of CRISPR-based LFAs, there are also limitations and challenges that need to be addressed, which are mainly centered on the sensitivity and target range of current assays. To overcome those limitations, future directions should focus on areas such as multiplexing, integration with digital technologies, point-of-care testing in situations with limited resources, and the potential for CRISPR-based therapeutics.
Pulse oximetry
Authors: Wang Yuting
Published: December 2023

An oximeter is a piece of medical equipment that is employed for the sole purpose of measuring the amount of oxygen that is present in the blood and can also be used to keep track of one's overall health. The optical principle serves as the primary foundation for the oximeter's detecting method, which allows it to determine the presence of oxygen in the blood. By using a method that is known as absorption, a particular color of light is shone on the blood. Next, spectral analysis is used to measure the absorption rate of oxygen in the blood after being exposed to various wavelengths of light. This allows one to calculate the concentration of oxygen in the blood and, ultimately, the blooding oxygen saturation. Pulse oximetry can be thought of as an example of a non-invasive biosensor because its operating principle is distinct from that of invasive biosensors. The measurement of pulse oximetry, as well as its development trend and the manner in which this gadget interfaces with a smartphone, will be the primary subject of this article.
Risk of Brominated Flame Retardants for Aquatic Organisms
Authors: Li Xiangyi
Published: December 2023

Nowadays, many experiments have detected the residues of halogenated flame retardants in organisms and even human bodies, among which the amount and type of brominated flame retardants (BFRs) are the most. Therefore, research on biological toxicity and possible harms of BFRs need to be studied to adjust the use and disposal of these chemicals to prevent irreversible consequences on the human body. This article mainly introduced the harm of BFRs to aquatic organisms and the solutions to reduce the concentration of BFRs in water. The harm of BFRs to aquatic organisms is mainly reflected in reproductive toxicity and thyroid hormone toxicity. BFRs, as toxic substances, are bio enriched and can enter the human body along the food chain, causing hormonal disorders and other problems. There are three main ways to reduce the concentration of BFRs in the environment including by using simple and easily degradable BFRs at the source, adjusting the light source conditions to enhance the photochemical degradation rate, and developing new adsorption materials.
Progress on Mercury-containing Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Zou Binger
Published: December 2023

With the development of industry and economy in the world, a large amount of heavy metal industrial wastewater is difficult to decompose in nature and is discharged without treatment to form water pollution. It poses a major threat to the environment, ecology, and human health. Mercury is one of the highly toxic heavy metal elements in the environment. Mercury and mercury compounds are widely present in nature. This article introduces three methods for treating mercury wastewater including chemical precipitation, adsorption, and photocatalysis. Adsorbents such as activated carbon, iron oxide, and nanoparticles can remove mercury ions by adsorbing them. Precipitating agents such as sulfides and hydroxides can bind mercury ions to form precipitates, thereby achieving removal. Photocatalysis uses photocatalysts such as titanium dioxide to generate active oxygen species under light to oxidize and decompose inorganic mercury in wastewater, thereby achieving the purpose of mercury removal. Factors such as treatment efficiency, cost, sustainability, and environmental impact need to be comprehensively considered to select an appropriate method for treatment. Future research needs to further explore efficient and environmentally friendly methods for treating mercury in water.
Water and Hydroelectric Power Sharing
Authors: Ye Chengxin , Ning Zhaopeng , Liu Jinshi , Yu Chuxun , Su Yaying
Published: December 2023

A rational, defensible water allocation plan for current and future water supply conditions is critically important. According to the request and suggestion of State natural resources negotiators, our team developed a water allocation plan for five states (AZ, CA, WY, NM, and CO) Since general industrial water and power generation water are very important, we comprehensively analyze and establish a multi-objective optimal allocation model, which involves social benefits, economic benefits and water environmental benefits. Using the foal attain function in MATLAB to solve the model, we get Satisfaction of water demand for electricity generation and general industry in each state.
Prediction of Carbon Tax Levied in China and Its Effects Based on BP Neural Network
Authors: Jin Jiahe , Liu Zhaohe , Li Peiyuan
Published: December 2023

Historical data of crude oil, coal and natural gas in China are used to calculate the carbon emission and carbon tax in recent years. It is proved that the nonlinear model, BP Neural Network, is more suitable for the calculation of carbon tax under the influence of various energy factors. Then BP Neural Network and GM (1, 1) have a good learning ability to forecast the carbon tax revenue from 2020 to 2030. BP Neural Network, however, has less error and shows that Per capita disposable income, GDP and Per capita GDP play a decisive role in the development of carbon tax and environmental protection. Based on the assumption that the carbon tax will be imposed and increased, the carbon emission intensity of each province and the carbon tax acceptance of urban residents will be within the ideal range in the next decade. All evaluation indicators of models and data analysis show that the carbon tax has a good policy guidance for energy saving and emission reduction. This study about carbon tax provides a new solution for domestic environmental protection.
Research on Current and Future Aspects of Direct Air Capture of CO2
Authors: Lin Aodi
Published: December 2023

Direct Air Capture (DAC) technology is a revolutionary method that employs sorbents and a capturing mechanism to extract carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmospheric air. This approach presents a highly adaptable and scalable solution for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. Once the CO2 is captured, its potential uses are virtually limitless, spanning from industrial applications to secure underground storage for long-term sustainability. This research paper delves into the current status and future prospects of DAC technology, which holds immense promise for directly reducing atmospheric CO2 levels. The exploration encompasses the core principles of DAC, its diverse applications, the advantages it offers, the evolving landscape of this transformative technology, and the keen interest of major corporations in expanding the utilization of DAC. With its potential to reshape the way this generation combats climate change, DAC technology emerges as a pivotal tool in our efforts to address the global carbon challenge.
Design and Thermodynamic Analysis of Waste Heat Recovery System of Sludge Hydrothermal Carbonization
Authors: Yang Qining
Published: December 2023

This paper proposes a new type of sludge hydrothermal carbonization waste heat recovery system, which transfers the heat in the sludge hydrothermal carbonization to the combustion air of the boiler through total heat exchange to achieve waste heat recovery. The waste heat recovery system makes full use of the heat in the steam and improves the calorific value of the sludge entering the incinerator. With the increase of combustible matter content in sludge, the exergy efficiency of waste heat recovery system increases. Due to the improved steam quality and the use of small turbines to do work, the operating economy is improved.
Seismic Performance of Building Structures Using Structural Integral Mechanics Model under the Guidance of Fluid Mechanics
Authors: Liu Jing , Wang Gaochao
Published: December 2023

The purpose is to study the core causes of serious collapse of buildings damaged in the earthquake and improve the seismic performance of buildings to reduce casualties. First, the theoretical overview of seismic engineering and related form and requirements of the building structure are deeply studied. Next, the building node structure is deeply analyzed according to the knowledge of fluid mechanics and the basic idea of the finite element method of integral structure. The seismic performance of building structures and the principles and requirements of seismic engineering are analyzed and summarized. It is found that the concrete analysis and description of seismic performance in the research method of fluid mechanics is a steel structure’s bending resistance, deformation and displacement degree, and the bearing degree of external impact force. Further, the model design of the integral structure is carried out through the finite element idea of fluid mechanics. Then, the model simulation experiment is conducted to obtain the curve of the impact force on the building structure, the ultimate bearing capacity of the steel beam joint and the skeleton displacement under the impact. Meanwhile, the degradation of stiffness and strength of node structure during an earthquake is analyzed. Finally, through the simulation results, it is concluded that the maximum displacement between node members under the action of impact force is no more than 300mm, so the model has high impact bearing capacity and strong seismic capacity, and can meet the requirements of seismic fortification. This exploration will be of great significance to the development of building seismic engineering under the guidance of fluid mechanics.
Parallel EM algorithm on Hadoop for large-scale hidden Markov model parameter estimation
Authors: Li Xi , Wang Lizhi , Zhang Liyong
Published: December 2023

This paper aims to propose a parallel EM algorithm based on Hadoop for parameter estimation of large-scale hidden Markov models (HMM). HMM is a commonly used statistical model. However, since the parameter estimation of HMM involves the storage and processing of large-scale data sets, traditional serial algorithms have certain limitations in efficiency. This paper introduces the Hadoop parallel computing framework, divides the task into multiple subtasks through the MapReduce programming model and assigns them to different machines for parallel computing, which improves the efficiency and scalability of parameter estimation. The results show that using parallel EM algorithm for large-scale hidden Markov model parameter estimation on Hadoop is feasible and effective.
A framework of credibility assessment for CFD software
Authors: Xiao Wei , Zhao Jiao , Lv Luogeng , Chen Jiangtao , Zhang Peihong
Published: December 2023

This article presents a framework of credibility assessment for Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software. In order to quantify the credibility of the computational results of CFD software, this work carried out the theoretical research on credibility assessment methodology, and built a framework which consists of two parts: indicator system and algorithm for quantitative assessment. The framework specified the general elements and processes of CFD software credibility assessment, proposed the principles for the design of assessment indicator system, and developed effective quantitative algorithm, which solved the key problems such as what to assessment and how to quantify the agreement between computational results and referenced data.
Fast prediction method of propeller hydrodynamic performance based on SPF-LSTM
Authors: Wu Pengxing , Liu Shengyan , Liu Xianlong , Ling Zhengcheng , Zhang Xi
Published: December 2023

In order to realize fast and accurate prediction of hydrodynamic performance of UUV propeller, a hydrodynamic performance prediction model based on SPF-LSTM neural network was proposed in this paper, which combined with real propeller flow test and CFD numerical simulation technology. The model comprehensively considered the test data of real paddle and the simulation data based on CFD numerical simulation, and adopted the Sample penalty factor (SPF) to optimize the initial weight of the model, adjust the sensitivity of the model to different samples, and further improve the prediction accuracy. The experimental results show that the prediction results of this model are in good agreement with the test data of real propeller, and the calculation period is very short and the efficiency is high, which meets the requirement of real-time and accurate prediction of the open water performance of propeller.
A heterogeneous parallel model of unstructured mesh finite element method based on CPU+GPU
Authors: Lei Yu , Peng Guoliang , Gao Yinjun , Han Feng , Wang Dong
Published: December 2023

Most of the existing numerical simulation programs using the unstructured mesh finite element are based on the traditional multicore processor architecture. With the increase of the number of computing meshes, the computing time is increasing, which leads to the common multicore CPU cluster can’t meet the high computing demand of complex applications. In order to adapt to the trend of the heterogeneous development of high-performance computers, a heterogeneous parallel model of unstructured mesh finite element method is proposed in this paper. It can transplant the unstructured mesh finite element program framework to heterogeneous platform better and faster. The model realizes the efficient utilization of the multicore CPU by hierarchical parallelization, and realizes the efficient utilization of GPU by heterogeneous parallel rewriting for time-consuming computing hotspot. Finally, the model is applied to the parallel transplantation of CPU + GPU heterogeneous platform for the thermal radiation effect program. The results show that the model can reduce the programming difficulty and has good portability and extensibility.
Study on Instability Change Law of Surrounding Rock of Tunnel Crossing Fault Fracture Zone Based on Cusp Point Mutation Theory
Authors: Zhao Yihang , Qi Yuhang
Published: December 2023

The instability process of surrounding rock is a nonlinear mutation. To truly reflect the nonlinear mutation in the failure of surrounding rock and grasp the opportunity of instability of surrounding rock, it is necessary to study the stability of surrounding rock by combining the existing methods with nonlinear scientific theory. Based on the numerical simulation results of a tunnel project crossing the fault fracture zone, the mutation theory is introduced to study the instability law of surrounding rock during tunnel excavation. The dynamic excavation process of surrounding rock tunnel in fault fracture zone is simulated by the finite difference software FLAC3D. Based on the cusp point mutation theory, the deformation law of each excavation step to the working face under different dip angles, strike angles and thicknesses of fault fracture zone is studied. Combined with the dichotomy method, curve fitting is used to analyze the instability threshold of surrounding rock and predict the opportunity of surrounding rock instability. The results indicate that (1) As the dip angle and strike angle of the fault gradually increase, the settlement of the surrounding rock arch first decreases and then increases, while as the thickness of the fault increases, the vertical displacement of the surrounding rock gradually increases. (2) When the dip angle of the fault is less than 90°, the sudden instability of the surrounding rock is advanced, while when it is greater than 90°, the time for sudden instability is delayed. (3) As the strike angle and thickness of the fault gradually increase, the excavation step for the tunnel to undergo sudden instability is gradually advanced. The research conclusion can provide theoretical guidance and suggestions for similar engineering construction in the future.
Applications and Evaluation of AI Technologies in the Renovation of Old Buildings in Urban Centers
Authors: Zha Tiffany
Published: December 2023

Urban sprawl or expansion is a growing issue globally, and as technology continues to develop, the demand for residential areas continues to rise. Conflicts regarding the availability of resources for architecture also rise in rural areas; therefore, renovating old buildings in urban centers becomes an important concept. Since there are many challenges with renovating these buildings, the recent development of AI technologies will provide solutions to mitigate or reduce these challenges. This paper examines the application of AI technologies in architecture and how they contribute to redeveloping old buildings in urban areas. Technologies such as conditional Generative Adversarial Networks and deep neural networks can assist architects in standardizing floor plans and generating design modules. In addition, these technologies analyze data from existing buildings and, thus, can create the best possible plan for a building. While these technologies focus on simplifying the traditional process of architectural planning in areas such as generating programs and creating partitions, B-SMART reference architecture approaches architecture from the perspective of smart home building, therefore, implementing AI technologies into the lives of the residents. Furthermore, with AI technologies, future homes are created to be energy efficient and sustainable. Therefore, the application of AI will improve the sustainability of homes and overall benefit the environment.
A Study on the Differentiation of “Tatsuno Style” Architecture between China and Japan -- Taking Tokyo Railway Station and Shenyang Railway Station as Examples
Authors: Dai Yi , Liu Sibo , Sun Haoyue
Published: December 2023

Modern architecture in China developed late, through the stage of wholesale westernization and discovery of traditional architectural styles, and embarked on the road of returning to its own culture after a bumpy ride. Japan, which has gone through a similar process in the development of modern architecture. Japan developed its own architectural style first and absorbed other cultures while exporting its own culture to the Asian countries to complete the practice and refinement of the architectural style. The Fengtian Station and the Tokyo Railway Station were built during the same period of the Tatsuno style, and the similarities and differences in building materials and design details can reflect that the Japanese designers did not copy the Tatsuno style, but rather, combined the design of the site to design according to local conditions. Conducting research through literature review and comparative analysis of case studies. Exploring the development trajectories of architecture in China and Japan to provide a reference for the development of Chinese architecture.
The Analysis of Impact on Fire Resistance of Mortise-tenon Joint in Different Connection Mode
Authors: Wu Yue , Zhou Ming , Fan Xiaoyi , Li Zhi
Published: December 2023

In order to analysis of impact on fire resistance of mortise-tenon joint in different connection mode, four types of mortise-tenon Joints models are made by Pinus yunnanensis. And the combustion phenomena and carbonization of mortise-tenon joint are studied. Results of experiment show that the sequence of fire resistance in descending order is: Mantou mortise-tenon Joint, dovetail Joint, Ban mortise-tenon joint, Shizigutou mortise-tenon joint. The results can provide the theoretical base for fire protection of classical wood construction.
Research on Dynamic Characteristics of Loess Homogeneous Dam under Seismic Waves
Authors: Pan Moyu , Huang Peng , Di ShengJie , Zhang Ying , Lu Xi
Published: December 2023

Based on the relevant provisions of the seismic design code, the three-dimensional nonlinear seismic response analysis of an actual loess homogeneous dam engineering is carried out. The seismic waves use the ground motion time history generated by the relevant design response spectrum of the set seismic site. The research results show that the homogeneous dam in the V-shaped valley has a significant amplification effect in the middle of the valley. The acceleration amplification area of the dam is above 4/5 of the dam height and within the range of 1/3 of the dam axis length. The regularity shows obvious "whiplash effect" and three-dimensional river valley effect.
cavalieri dalle insegne bianche. L’uso del colore nelle «Merveilles de Rigomer»
Authors: Lecco Margherita
Published: December 2023

La teoria di Berlin e Kay sull’uso del colore nelle società umane (che in verità concerne i termini linguistici con cui tali colori sono percepiti e definiti) e le ricerche di Michel Pastoureau sono importanti per lo studio del funzionamento delle culture nel tempo e nello spazio. L’articolo vuole soffermarsi sull’uso del colore - un colore particolare, il bianco - in un testo che appartiene al Medioevo europeo, il romanzo che si intitola alle Merveilles de Rigomer, composto verso la fine del XIII secolo in un’area della Francia nord-orientale, soffermandosi sul personaggio del cavaliere Lancelot, figura sulla quale è strutturato il romanzo e organizzato il suo significato.
MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF ROOT INHABITING ENDOPHYTIC BACTERIA
Authors: RASHEED R , MEHMOOD MA , HAMEED A , ANJUM S , SHER MA , AHMAD S , FAROOQ MA , ALAM MW , BINYAMIN R , ALI S
Published: December 2023

Endophytic bacteria (EBs) are beneficial to stimulating plant growth. However, little information about the EBs associated with soybean plant roots is available. This study examined the diversity of ten EBs isolated from soybean root tissues. Morphological and biochemical characterization methods revealed significant variation among the isolates. Most isolates displayed smooth colony surfaces, regular shapes, and rod-shaped cells. However, Bacterial Strain-5 and 10 exhibited rough surfaces and irregular shapes, while Bacterial Strain-4 displayed round cell shapes instead of the typical rod morphology. Moreover, the isolates demonstrated diverse pigmentation, with strains showing various shades of white, creamy, light yellow, pinkish red, Creamish, yellow, and red. In KOH test, three strains (2, 6, and 9) showed positive reactions to KOH, while the remaining seven strains (1, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, and 10) showed negative reactions. The catalase test confirmed that four strains (1, 2, 6, and 9) were gram-negative, and the six strains (3, 4, 5, 7, 8 and 10) were gram-positive. In the gram staining test, seven strains (1, 2, 3, 6, 8, 9, and 10) were gram-negative, while the remaining three strains (4, 5, and 7) were gram-positive. Finally, in the starch hydrolysis test, seven strains (1, 2, 3, 6, 8, 9, and 10) were gram-negative, whereas the three strains (4, 5 and 7) were gram-positive. This study will help us identify various EBs that could play a role in the nodule formation and adaptation of soybean plants in diverse soil conditions in Pakistan.
Seni Folklor Dantiang sebagai Etnopsikologi Kesadaran Lingkungan dan Pengembangan Identitas Anak
Authors: Rustiyanti Sri
Published: December 2023

Penciptaan karya seni berupa gagasan karya dapat terispirasi dari berbagai hal. Seorang seniman dapat memiliki inspirasi dari pengalaman empirik, realita yang terjadi pada masyarakat, naskah kuno, folklor, bahkan dari fenomena problematika lingkungan alam. Minangkabau sangat terkenal dengan filosofi ‘alam terkembang jadi guru’. Filosofi ini menggambarkan betapa luas dan kayanya alam itu sehingga dapat menjadi sumber inspirasi dalam ilmu pengetahuan, termasuk di dalamnya sebagai sumber inspirasi dalam penciptaan karya seni. Sumber inspirasi karya ‘Dantiang’ mengambil spirit dari folklor Naskah Kuno Gunung Galunggung yang berisikan tentang nasihat-nasihat untuk menjalani kehidupan bagi masyarakat Sunda, juga mengajarkan tata cara hidup tentang peringatan bila manusia melakukan hal-hal yang buruk. Seni folklore Dantiang juga menerapkan etnopsikologi dalam pengembangan kesadaran dan identitas anak sebagai penari dalam film tersebut. Konsep garap karya seni ‘Dantiang’ mengangkat Naskah Kuno Amanat Galunggung, sebagai salah satu bentuk folklor yang harus dijaga menjadi identitas bagi masyarakat Sunda. Hal ini penting untuk diangkat kembali ke masyarakat saat ini, karena berisikan nilai-nilai menjaga alam dari kerusakan. Penggunaan etnopsikologi adalah sebagai landasan teori untuk mempelajari perkembangan mental anak sebagai partisipan penari dan penonton pertunjukan seni folklor Dantiang. Penciptaan karya seni ‘Dantiang’, menunjukkan fenomena bagaimana hubungan antara manusia dengan alam sekitarnya sebagai reaksi adaptasi terhadap situasi aktual yang telah terjadi di lingkungannya. Hasil penelitian ini berupa karya seni folklore Dantiang sebagai salah satu upaya membangun kesadaran lingkungan dan identitas anak.
Colletotrichum Diversity within Different Species Complexes Associated with Fruit Anthracnose in South Korea and Their Fungicides In-Vitro Sensitivity
Authors: Chang Taehyun , Hassan Oliul , Jeon Jong Yeob , Kim Chi Hyun , Lee Dae Min , Kim Ju Sung , Kang Eun Chan , Kim Jaewon
Published: December 2023

Anthracnose, caused by the Colletotrichum genus, comprises a significant number of plant pathogens and poses a major threat to fruit production worldwide, including South Korea. Colletotrichum species were identified associated with anthracnose in fruits such as apple, persimmon, plum, peach, jujube, walnut, and grape. A polyphasic approach, including morphology, multigene phylogenetics, and pathogenicity testing, was used. Additionally, the in-vitro sensitivity of identified Colletotrichum species to common fungicides was also evaluated. A total of nine Colletotrichum species within two complexes, namely gloeosporioides and acutatum, have been identified as the causal agents of anthracnose in common fruits in South Korea. In the gloeosporioides complex, we found Colletotrichum aenigma, C. fructicola, C. gloeosporioides, C. horii, C. siamense, and C. viniferum. Meanwhile, in the acutatum complex, C. fioriniae, C. nymphaeae, and C. orientalis were identified. Notably, C. fructicola, C. siamense, C. fioriniae, and C. nymphaeae were reported for the first time from apple, C. siamense, C. fioriniae and C. nymphaeae from plum, C. siamense, C. fructicola, and C. fioriniae from peach, C. siamense and C. horii from persimmon, C. fioriniae from Omija (Schisandra), C. orientalis from walnut, C. nymphaeae from jujube, and C. aenigma, C. fructicola, and C. siamense from grape. Fungicide sensitivity tests revealed significant variation in the EC50 values among specific Colletotrichum species when exposed to different fungicides. Moreover, the same Colletotrichum species isolated from different host plants displayed varying sensitivity to the same fungicide.
Potato Soft Rot Caused by Psychrotolerant Pseudomonas sp. from Subarctic Tundra Soil
Authors: Woo Sungho , Lee Yung Mi , Kim Dockyu
Published: December 2023

Agricultural activities and the number of farms in the subarctic regions have been increasing annually after the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic to achieve food self-sufficiency. Potatoes are vulnerable to soft rot bacteria at all stages of production, storage, and transportation. A novel bacterium, Pseudomonas sp. N3-W, isolated from Alaska tundra soil, grows at 5–25°C and produces extracellular protease(s). N3-W caused necrotic spots (hypersensitivity) in hot pepper leaves and soft rot disease (pathogenicity) in potato tubers. The psychrotolerant N3-W caused significant soft rot symptoms on potatoes at a broad temperature range (5°C, 15°C, and 25°C). In contrast, mesophilic Pectobacterium carotovorum KACC 16999 induced severe rotting symptoms in potatoes at their optimal growth temperature of 15°C and 25°C. However, it barely produced symptoms at 5°C, which is the appropriate storage and transportation temperature for potatoes. The results of pathogenicity testing imply that psychrotolerant soft rot pathogens from polar regions may cause severe soft rot not only during the crop growing season but also during storage and transportation. Our study indicates the possibility of new plant pathogen emergence and transmission due to the expansion of crop cultivation areas caused by permafrost thawing in response to recent polar warming.
First Report of Bacterial Spot Disease Caused by Pseudomonas capsici on Castor Bean in Korea
Authors: Do Heeil , Lee Seung Yeup , Lee Bang Wool , Ham Hyeonheui , Lee Mi-Hyun , Lee Young Kee
Published: December 2023

In August 2021, water-soaking symptoms of bacterial spot disease were observed on castor bean in a field in Gangseo District, Busan. Bacteria isolated from the lesion when cultured on tryptic soy agar appeared to be nonmucoid and pale green. To confirm whether the isolates were the causative agent of the spot disease, they were inoculated onto healthy castor bean plants. The same symptoms were observed on the inoculated tissue, and the bacteria were reisolated from the lesion. Furthermore, the isolates were consistent with the biochemical and physiological features of Pseudomonas capsici. Sequencing analysis using 16S rRNA and housekeeping genes (gyrB, rpoD) showed that the isolates shared a high sequence similarity with P. capsici. These results confirmed that the strains belonged to P. capsici. To our knowledge, this is the first report of bacterial spot disease caused by P. capsici on castor bean in Korea.
Students Perceptions Regarding the Role of ICT in Learning English: A Case Study
Authors: Zehra Shan-e-
Published: December 2023

In recent years, as the internet and technology have grown in popularity, the diversity of learning programs has moved and changed to meet new societal expectations. The development of communicative skills, on the other hand, involves social interaction between the teacher and the students; the use of technology has long been considered as a supplement to specific skill areas. The main goal of this study was to look into what are the students perceptions of the impact of ICT in their English language classes. Non-native speakers require English and ICT to participate in today's highly information world. This study was based on 50 undergraduate learners at Shaheed Benazir Button University, Shaheed Benazirabad, where the aim was to shed light on students perceptions about the influence of ICT in English language learning, effectiveness of ICT, impacts of ICT and different uses of ICT in effective language learning. The quantitative results from the questionnaire, which contains 15 closed-ended questions, revealed that technology-based teaching and learning are more effective than traditional classroom teaching and learning. This is because utilizing ICT tools and equipment will create a more engaging effective and active learning environment. Students learn more efficiently with the use of ICT because lesson designs are more engaging and fascinating, according to the survey results, the participants agreed that incorporating ICT can help students learn better.
Investigating Reading Comprehension and Its Problems: The Perceptions Of 3rd Year English Students, Quest, Pakistan
Authors: Mansoor Emaan , Chandio Fiza , Jamali Iqra , Jamali Ruqia , Jamali Erum
Published: December 2023

This research study investigated reading comprehension and its problems. The perceptions of 3rd year English students were recorded. The main aim of this study was to find reading difficulties while reading. This study used survey questionnaire as quantitative method. On the whole 24 students of 3rd year participated in the research. The data was analyzed through Word Excel and presented in percentage. The study gave very valuable results. The findings indicated that students should read a lot and practice in classroom activities. Findings also suggested that students should get help from their teachers in classroom and they should apply reading strategies.
Application of montmorillonite powder in the treatment of acute small intestinal bleeding
Authors: Luo Yi , Li Jiaman
Published: December 2023

This paper discusses the application of montmorillonite powder in the treatment of acute small intestinal bleeding. This paper combines the research results at home and abroad to systematically discusses the mechanism, clinical effect, adverse effects and precautions of montmorillonite powder in the treatment of acute small intestinal bleeding. Combined with the domestic and foreign research methods, the domestic research emphasizes its deep research in pharmacology, clinical application and basic research, providing support for its wide application in the domestic medical field. Foreign studies have highlighted that montmorillonite powder not only has unique advantages in the treatment of acute small intestinal bleeding by regulating the balance of intestinal flora and enhancing immunity, but also provides a new therapeutic idea for its combined application with other drugs. Domestic and foreign research progress shows that montmorillonite powder has achieved some efficacy in the treatment of acute small intestinal bleeding, however, despite the significant progress, its mechanism of action and application method still need to be further studied. In the future, multidisciplinary cooperation should be strengthened to develop safer and more effective treatment options through in-depth research to provide more comprehensive medical services for patients with acute small bowel bleeding.
A perspective and reflection on Chinese food from the public management perspective
Authors: Du Chaofeng
Published: December 2023

In an era of rapid globalization and an increasingly modernized risk society, risk control faces more complex challenges. The transitional period in Chinese society itself has certain flaws that amplify the threat of risks to social security while weakening the effectiveness of risk control during the transitional phase. It can even be argued that the flaws inherent in transitional societies are significant sources of risk themselves. Risks in modern society exhibit characteristics such as suddenness, uncertainty, and structural fractures. With the continuous expansion of the public domain and increasing complexity of public affairs in China during the transitional period, the societal structure is gradually shifting from management to governance, driven by practical considerations for maintaining political stability. From the perspective of public management, facing the severe issue of food safety under the dual pressures of the impact of risk society and the instability of the transitional period, it is insufficient to rely solely on traditional risk control concepts and methods. Instead, there is a need to promote the democratization of professional knowledge through the improvement of legal mechanisms, communication mechanisms, and interest mechanisms. This ensures the democratization of professional knowledge, fosters the development of "citizen science," and guarantees the public's right to participate, including the rights to be informed about risks, freedom of choice, and the right to knowledge participation. Thus, it rebuilds public trust in the social system, genuinely safeguarding the "safety on the tip of the tongue."