bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of Virtual and Augmented Reality for Training and Mentoring of Higher Education Instructors
Authors: Lim Doo Hun , Han Soo Jeoung , Oh Jihye , Jang Chang Sung
Published: June 2018

The purpose of this chapter is to specify various notions of virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) including the historical development and illustrate how they are applied to train and mentor instructors in higher education settings. This study also presents various industry-wide examples of utilizing VR and AR for training and education. Benefits and limitations of using VR and AR in academic settings are discussed as well. Additionally, this study provides up to date VR and AR applications that can be adopted in training and mentoring instructors of higher education. Based on a comparative analysis of available technologies, the authors suggest possible future research to improve existing practices in the use of AR and VR in training and mentoring instructors in higher education settings.
Technology Meets Affect
Authors: Iyengar Kalpana Mukunda , Smith Howard L.
Published: June 2018

This chapter describes a variety of multimedia incorporated into a course to respond to students' emotional and psychological needs. The course was designed for online, hybrid, as well as traditional face-to-face formats. The multimedia incorporated into the course were tools readily available for collegiate use (e.g., email, Google Drive, Wikispace). This research, based on Maslow's hierarchy of needs, asserts that many of the experiences and technological devices integrated into twenty-first century instruction, respond to critical emotional elements of learning. While technological advancements provide convenience, the authors argue that the learner's affective needs are equally supported. Instructors, irrespective of their level of technological proficiency or their access to digital devices, may use these insights to incorporate technology for instruction in more thoughtful ways.
Components of Student Support in Blended and Online Learning
Authors: Rangara-Omol Tabitha
Published: June 2018

For every student cohort that registers for an online program, some will persist through to graduation while a good number will drop out. Studies continue to investigate the phenomena of persistence and dropout without consensus to the solution. However, student support has been shown to impact positively on a student's decision to stay for the duration of the program. Students of online/blended learning formats lack the advantage of socio-physical motivation. Therefore, they require support that constantly reassures them of peers, teachers, and university presence throughout the duration of the program. At every stage in the life of the program, the student will require specific support which are herein referred to as components of student support. They include student support during recruitment, registration procedures, registration requirements, orientation, study skills training, technology, learning materials, counselling and mentorship, communication and interactions, feedback, regional centers, library, students' association, and representation.
Automatic Approach to Evaluate Collaborative Interaction in Virtual Environments
Authors: Casillas Luis , Peña Adriana , Gutierrez Alfredo
Published: June 2018

Virtual environments for multi-users, collaborative virtual environments (CVE), support geographical distant people to experience collaborative learning and team training. In this context, monitoring collaboration provides valuable, and in time, information regarding individual and group indicators, helpful for human instructors or intelligent tutor systems. CVE enable people to share a virtual space, interacting with an avatar, generating nonverbal behavior such as gaze-direction or deictic gestures, a potential means to understand collaboration. This chapter presents an automated model and its inference mechanisms to evaluate collaboration in CVE based on expert human rules of nonverbal participants' activity. The model is a multi-layer analysis that includes data filtering, fuzzy classification, and rule-based inference producing a high-level assessment of group collaboration. This approach was applied to a task-oriented session, where two participants assembled cubes in a CVE to create a figure.
Domestic vs. International E-Shopping
Authors: Saprikis Vaggelis
Published: June 2018

Contemporary commerce is completely different as regards features some years ago. Nowadays, a considerable number of individuals and firms take advantage of the information and communication technologies and conduct transactions online. In particular, the mobile industry along with the broad use of social networks and improvements in the internet bandwidth worldwide has created a completely different business environment. Consequently, the technology incited many consumers to cross-border e-shopping, allowing access to a wider variety of products and services, and in numerous circumstances, access to cheaper goods. The purpose of this chapter is to investigate the perceptions internet users have towards e-shops focusing on Greece. More precisely, it aims to find out whether there are contingent differences on customers' perceptions regarding domestic vs. international e-shops, since a gradually augmented number of people have been expressing their preference on non-domestic e-stores for their purchases. Additionally, the chapter intends to shed light on the difficulty in understanding vital aspects of e-consumer behaviour.
Challenges Facing E-Publishing Over Cloud Computing on Scientists' Social Network Service
Authors: Abu-Taieh Evon , Alfaries Auhood , Al-Otaibi Shaha
Published: June 2018

This chapter illustrates the difficulties facing e-publishing over cloud computing pertaining to scientifically-oriented social network services from three axioms: the life cycle of the research document, an explanation of what a researcher juggles to conduct proper research, and the researcher knowledge pertaining to both scholarly search engines and citation indices. The chapter discusses the essential role of the researcher in teaching, being a beacon of hope, and explains the steps towards research conducting, when an original idea is deduced, as well as the step of writing research addressing the financial support for researchers: from submitting proposals, follow up proposals, grant management if funding is secured, whilst conducting the research, and publishing the results in accredited journals approved by the researcher's institute and financing partner, while publishing the research in accordance with the laws and regulations of the institute.
An Empirical Study of the Factors Influencing ICT Adoption in SMEs
Authors: Lawrence Japhet E.
Published: June 2018

ICT has the potential to radically change the way business is conducted, offering a competitive edge and a gateway to the global marketplace. The explosive growth of ICT has opened a vast arena providing opportunities for businesses, particularly SMEs to sell their products and service to a global audience than they would have been able to afford to reach using the traditional methods. This chapter reports on the empirical study of ICT adoption in small to medium-sized enterprises. The intention of the study is to present evidence on the factors that influence SMEs' decision to adopt ICT in business. The study is chosen because of the strategic importance of SMEs to the economy and their contribution in creating jobs cannot be over emphasized. The study uses in-depth case studies, conceptualized within the grounded theory method to generate thick description to explain the phenomenon. The study uses diffusion theory and the technology acceptance model as a basis for the theoretical framework.
Web-Based PHR (Personal Health Records) Systems Adoption
Authors: Sohn Changsoo , Yeo Younsook
Published: June 2018

The purpose of this study is to find factors which explain patients' intention to use web-based personal health records (PHR). It is hypothesized that patients' perceived value of information, perceived worthwhileness of searching, concerns about privacy issues, trust in information, and perceived security on web-based PHR systems are related to patients' intention to use PHRs. Using data from health information national trends survey (HINTS), direct and indirect effects of these factors on patients' intention to use PHRs were analyzed. The results show that perceived value of information, privacy, information trust, and security have significant and direct associations to intention to use PHRs. Meanwhile, perceived value of information is a strong antecedent of perceived worthwhileness of searching; however, it has no direct association to intention to use PHRs. The findings suggest that the efforts should be targeted to increase perceived value of the information and trust in privacy and security as well as the information to increase patients' intention to use PHRs.
Assessing groundwater vulnerability to unconventional resources development in southern New Brunswick
Authors: Rivard C
Published: June 2018

Collected information during 2017-2018 provided interesting and unexpected results. For instance: 1) borehole logging in wells drilled with two different techniques provided different results. Thus, two additional wells will be drilled next year to provide more
info. This represents a great opportunity to reconcile data, as hammer-drilled wells are much less expensive than diamonddrilled wells, but validity of data from the former wells needs to be ascertained; 2) results from barometric and water-level monitoring provided new information for the
interpretation of the confinement conditions (unconfined, semi-confined or confined) of each well; 3) Regular groundwater monitoring revealed that, contrary to what the traditional indicators such as gas dryness ratio and delta-13C(CH4) seemed to indicate, only one well would in fact contain
thermogenic gas, while the other thermogenic?like samples would rather correspond to microbial methane affected by oxidation, based on calculations using documented isotopic fractionation factors; 4) The study of the re-processed seismic lines led to the re?intepretation of the deformation of
evaporite deposits of the Windsor Group and its impact on sedimentary packages.
О структуре медиальных делимых $n$-арных группоидов
Authors: Davidov Sergey Stepanovich
Published: June 2018

В работе доказывается, что конечно порожденный медиальный
делимый $n$-арный группоид является $n$-арной медиальной
квазигруппой и каждый медиальный делимый $n$-арный группоид
является гомоморфным образом медиальной $n$-арной квазигруппы.
Библиография: 35 названий.
Теоремы единственности для обобщенной системы Хаара
Authors: Gevorkyan Gegham Grigor'evich , Navasardyan Karen Arshaluicobich
Published: June 2018

В работе доказываются теоремы единственности и
восстановления коэффициентов рядов по обощенным системам Хаара.
При этом от ряда требуется сходимость по мере и выполнение
одного необходимого условия на функцию распределения
мажоранты частичных сумм.
Библиография: 9 названий.
Вектор-функции Ляпунова и ограниченность в пределе по Пуассону
решений систем дифференциальных уравнений
Authors: Lapin Kirill Sergeevich
Published: June 2018

Введены понятия различных видов равномерной ограниченности
в пределе решений по Пуассону и различных видов эквиограниченности
в пределе решений по Пуассону.
На основе метода вектор-функций Ляпунова получены
достаточные признаки различных видов равномерной ограниченности
в пределе решений по Пуассону и различных видов эквиограниченности
в пределе решений по Пуассону.
Библиография: 12 названий.
Решение систем линейных уравнений с нормальными матрицами
коэффициентов и степень минимального полианалитического многочлена
Authors: Ikramov Saidhakim Dododzhanovich
Published: June 2018

Обобщенный процесс Ланцоша, примененный к нормальной матрице $A$,
строит ее компактную форму, которую можно описать как ленточную
матрицу с медленно растущей шириной ленты. Для некоторых классов
нормальных матриц ширина ленты оказывается постоянной. Показано,
что в таких случаях она определяется степенью минимального
полианалитического многочлена матрицы $A$. Понятие минимального
полианалитического многочлена нормальной матрицы было введено
М. Хутаненом как раз в связи с обобщенным процессом Ланцоша.
Библиография: 3 названия.
The Relation between Pre-planning, Commissioning and Enhanced Project Performance
Authors: Larsen Jesper Kranker , Lindhard Søren Munch , Brunoe Thomas Ditlev , Jensen Kim Noergaard
Published: June 2018

Pre-planning of construction projects is important for the performance of cost, time, and quality. However, recent research finds that quality related to final testing, adjustment, and balancing of HVAC systems are often overlooked due to deadline pressure. Consequently, this results in poor energy performance and dissatisfied end-users. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between pre-planning, commissioning, and project performance. A publicly funded project with a compressed construction period was followed as a case study. During the case study, passive observation, semi-constructed interviews, and questionnaires were applied. This study showed that by implementing commissioning, project pre-planning and organizational support is increased. Moreover, the commissioning process creates awareness and fosters proactivity between the project participants, thus complications are discovered and handled earlier. By improved pre-planning and organizational support, and increasing proactivity, the project’s cost, time and quality performance is improved. This underlines the importance of prioritizing pre-planning. Moreover, increased energy and technical demands increase project complexity which makes project success even more dependent on the quality of the plans.
A Simulation-Based Scheduling Methodology for Construction Projects Considering the Potential Impacts of Delay Risks
Authors: Paz Juan Camilo , Rozenboim David , Cuadros Álvaro , Cano Sandra , Escobar John
Published: June 2018

This paper tackles the problem of scheduling construction projects considering the influence of delay risks. In the actual body of knowledge, several methods have been proposed to handle this problem, starting from the Project Evaluation and Review Technique to advanced simulation models. However, this investigation proposes a novel integration of one methodology with some approaches already existing in the literature related to Monte Carlo Simulation scheduling techniques as seen from the perspective of a practitioner. The research began with a literature review of both schedule risks and Monte Carlo based scheduling models for construction projects. Based on this, the methodology was designed with the constant participation of experts in the construction industry. As result of this, a comprehensive and practical methodology was constructed. Therefore, a new mathematical structure for the simulation model within the methodology was formulated in which a new concept for each risk defined as “potential impact” was used. Moreover, the simulation model is based on the judgment of experts and methods of the known literature such as the explicit model of the occurrence probability of the risks and the activity-risk factor matrix. Then, to validate the tool, the proposed methodology was applied using the information of an already constructed construction project of a public university of Colombia. The obtained results were a confidence-based forecast of the end date of the project and a quantitative importance measure of the modelled risks. These results were compared against the real history of the project since it was found an excellent performance of the proposed methodology. To sum up, the research process described above supports the validity of the proposed methodology.
Relational Contracting Conceptual Model for Public Sector Construction Organisations: An Indian Context
Authors: Tawalare Abhay Gopalrao , Laishram Boeing
Published: June 2018

Adoption of relational contracting in public sector construction organisations is more difficult than in private sector organisations due to the inherent rigidity of public sector. Therefore, implementation of the relational contracting processes should be treated as an organisational change management process in public sector organisations. The purpose of this paper is to develop a relational contracting conceptual model (RCMM) by integrating success factors for positive change management in public sector organisations. A qualitative research methodology comprising two rounds of expert interviews was used. The first round of interviews was conducted to gauge the present level of relational contracting in public sector construction organisations. The second round of interviews was conducted to validate the relational contracting conceptual model by integrating success factors of change management in public sector organisations. The relational contracting model highlighted the importance of a need to develop a vision for partnering, stakeholder analysis and consensus building among them, empowerment of operational level employees and their participation in plan execution, time bound review meetings of top management on site to show commitment, resolution of disputes and fast decision making along with publication of the performance reports. The paper presents a critical insight on relational processes of public sector construction organisations in India in the context of organisational change management model which has not been the focus in majority of the previous research studies.
Occupational Health and Safety Risk Levels of Building Construction Trades in Nigeria
Authors: Okoye Peter Uchenna
Published: June 2018

This study assessed the occupational health and safety risk-level of common building construction trades in Nigeria. It also identified the sources, frequency and magnitude of risks inherent in the activities of various building construction trades. Being site-based survey research, it made use of a structured questionnaire administered to the selected building construction workers of different trades in Anambra State, Nigeria. The collected data were subjected to quantitative risk analysis using mean value method and risk prioritisation number. The study found that masonry, carpentry (including formwork and roofing), and iron bending and steel fixing are common building trades associated with high risks; whereas electrical fitting and installation, painting, tiling, and plumbing are medium risk building trades. It also found that the rate of occurrence and magnitude of impact of different safety risk factors differ across the building trades, which could be attributed to the differences in activities and modes of operation in different building trades. On this premise, the study suggested a multi-risk management and control approach for construction managers on building construction sites since the frequency of risk occurrence and the magnitude of risk severity differ across trades. It further called for institutional and legislative re-strengthening of extant labour laws in Nigeria.
Transport, mixing, and feedback of dust, biomass burning and anthropogenic pollutants in eastern Asia: A case study
Authors: Zhou Derong , Ding Ke , Huang Xin , Liu Lixia , Liu Qiang , Xu Zhengning , Jiang Fei , Fu Congbin , Ding Aijun
Published: June 2018

Abstract. Anthropogenic fossil fuel (FF) combustion, biomass burning (BB) and desert dust are main sources of air pollutants around the globe. The emission of the three sources in Asia are all very intensive and their influences on air quality is very important, especially in spring. In this study, we investigate the vertical distribution, transport characteristics, source contribution, and meteorological feedback of the dust, BB and FF aerosols in a unique pollution episode occurred in eastern Asia based on various measurement data and modelling methods. Ground-based observations indicated a persistent pollution episode dramatically changing from secondary fine particulate pollution to dust pollution in late March 2015 over the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) region, eastern China. The online-coupled meteorology–chemistry–aerosol modelling together with Lagrangian particle dispersion simulations were conducted to investigate the vertical structure, transport characteristics and mechanisms of the multi-scale, multi-source, and multi-day air pollution episode. The regional polluted continental aerosols mainly accumulated near surface by local anthropogenic emissions mixed with dust aerosols, downwash from the upper planetary boundary layer (PBL) and middle/lower troposphere (MLT), and further transported downwardly by large-scale cold fronts and warm conveyor belts. BB smoke from the Southeast Asia, mainly from forest burning in Indochina, were transported by westerlies around the altitude of 3 km from southern China to eastern China, further mixed with dust and FF aerosols in eastern China and experienced long-range transport over the subtropical Pacific Ocean. The three pollutant sources could all transport to eastern China, especially the YRD region around the latitude of 30° N, caused a structure of multi-layer pollutants and well mixed pollutants there. These solar absorption aerosols from FF, BB and dust could also cause significant feedback with MLT meteorology and then enhance local anthropogenic pollution. This study highlights the importance of intensive vertical measurement in the eastern China and the downwind Pacific Ocean with a focus of understanding the complex physical and chemical processes of various pollution sources, and also raises the needs of quantitative understanding of environmental and climate impacts of these pollution sources in regional even global scales.
The IAGOS NOx instrument – design, operation and first results from deployment aboard passenger aircraft
Authors: Berkes Florian , Houben Norbert , Bundke Ulrich , Franke Harald , Pätz Hans-Werner , Rohrer Franz , Wahner Andreas , Petzold Andreas
Published: June 2018

Abstract. We describe the nitrogen oxide instrument designed for the autonomous operation on board passenger aircraft in the framework of the European Research Infrastructure IAGOS (In-service Aircraft for a Global Observing System). We demonstrate the performance of the instrument using data from two deployment periods aboard an A340-300 aircraft of Deutsche Lufthansa. The well-established chemiluminescence detection method is used to measure nitrogen monoxide (NO) and nitrogen oxides (NOx). NOx is measured using a photolytic converter, and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is determined from the difference between NOx and NO. This technique allows measuring at high time resolution (4 s) and high precision in the low ppt range (NO: 2σ = 24 pptv; NOx: 2σ = 35 pptv) over different ambient temperature and ambient pressure altitude ranges (from surface pressure down to 190 hPa). The IAGOS NOx instrument is characterized for (1) calibration stability and total uncertainty, (2) humidity and chemical interferences (e.g., ozone; nitrous acid, HONO; peroxyacetyl nitrate, PAN) and (3) inter-instrumental precision. We demonstrate that the IAGOS NOx instrument is a robust, fully automated, and long-term stable instrument suitable for unattended operation on airborne platforms, which provides useful measurements for future air quality studies and emission estimates.
Riverine carbon export in the arid to semiarid Wuding River catchment on the Chinese Loess Plateau
Authors: Ran Lishan , Tian Mingyang , Fang Nufang , Wang Suiji , Lu Xixi , Yang Xiankun , Cho Frankie
Published: June 2018

Abstract. Riverine export of terrestrially derived carbon represents a key component of
the global carbon cycle. In this study we quantify the fate of riverine
carbon within the Wuding River catchment on the Chinese Loess Plateau. Export
of dissolved organic and inorganic carbon (DOC and DIC) exhibited pronounced
spatial and temporal variability. While DOC concentration first presented a
downward trend along the river course and then increased in the main-stem
river, it showed no significant seasonal differences and was not sensitive to
flow dynamics. This likely reflects the predominance of groundwater input
over the entire year and its highly stable DOC. DIC concentration in the
loess subcatchment is significantly higher than that in the sandy
subcatchment, due largely to dissolution of carbonates that are abundant in
loess. In addition, bulk particulate organic carbon content (POC%) showed
strong seasonal variability with low values in the wet season owing to input
of deeper soils by gully erosion. The downstream carbon flux was
(7.0 ± 1.9) × 1010 g C yr−1 and dominated by DIC
and POC. Total CO2 emissions from water surface were
(3.7 ± 0.6) × 1010 g C yr−1. Radiocarbon analysis
revealed that the degassed CO2 was 810–1890 years old, indicating
the release of old carbon previously stored in soil horizons. Riverine carbon
export in the Wuding River catchment has been greatly modified by check dams.
Our estimate shows that carbon burial through sediment storage was
(7.8 ± 4.1) × 1010 g C yr−1, representing
42 % of the total riverine carbon export from terrestrial ecosystems on
an annual basis ((18.5 ± 4.5) × 1010 g C yr−1).
Moreover, the riverine carbon export accounted for 16 % of the
catchment's net ecosystem production (NEP). It appears that a significant
fraction of terrestrial NEP in this arid to semiarid
catchment is laterally transported from the terrestrial biosphere to the
drainage network.
Immediate increase in isotopic enrichment in small mammals following the expansion of a great cormorant colony
Authors: Balčiauskas Linas , Skipitytė Raminta , Jasiulionis Marius , Balčiauskienė Laima , Remeikis Vidmantas
Published: June 2018

Abstract. Colonies of great cormorants (Phalacrocorax carbo) impact
terrestrial ecosystems through the transport of nutrients from aquatic to
terrestrial ecosystems. Deposited guano overload the ecosystem with N and P,
change soil pH and damage vegetation. The ways in which small mammals are
impacted, however, are little known. We aimed to evaluate the effects of an
expanding great cormorant colony, testing if the expansion immediately
increased the input of biogens into the forest ecosystem and, further, if the
growing influence of the colony was reflected in basal resources (plants and
invertebrates) and the hair of small mammals. δ15N and
δ13C signatures were analyzed in granivorous yellow-necked mice
(Apodemus flavicollis), omnivorous bank voles (Myodes glareolus) and basal resources of animal and plant origin from the territory
of a colony of great cormorants situated near the Baltic Sea in west
Lithuania. We found that biogens transferred by great cormorants to the
terrestrial ecosystem affected the potential foods of the small mammals and
led to highly elevated and variable δ15N values. An increase of the
size of the colony in 2015 resulted in isotopic enrichment of the small
mammals in the zone of expansion in comparison to levels in 2014. The
increase of δ15N in A. flavicollis was 7.5 %
(p < 0.05) in the ecotone and 5.7 % in the expansion zone. The
decrease in δ13C signatures in A. flavicollis was 4.5 % (p < 0.1)
in the expansion zone and 3.1 % (p < 0.001)
in the colony. In M. glareolus, the decrease in δ13C
signatures was 8.5 % in the expansion zone, 3.3 % (p < 0.1) in
the control zone and 2.6 % in the ecotone. Isotopic niches (central
ellipses) of A. flavicollis in the colony and between the control
and expansion zones were separated in 2014 and 2015, while they partially
overlapped in the ecotone. The isotopic niches of M. glareolus in
2014 and 2015 were separated in the ecotone and had a small overlap in the
colony. For most of the resources tested, the isotopic signatures in the
established colony area were significantly higher than in the rest of
cormorant-inhabited area. In the colony, the δ15N values in plants
(16.9 ± 1.1 ‰) were higher than in invertebrates
(13.6 ± 0.4 ‰). In the ecotone, the δ15N
values were 12.0 ± 1.4 in plants and 14.7 ± 0.04 ‰ in invertebrates, while in the expansion zone they
were 7.2 ± 3.0 and 9.9 ± 3.8 ‰, respectively. δ15N-rich resources led to
increased δ15N values in the hair of A. flavicollis and
M. glareolus. Thus, biogens from the great cormorant colony
immediately affected small mammals through their food sources.
Short communication: Rivers as lines within the landscape
Authors: Armitage John J.
Published: June 2018

Abstract. Landscape evolution models (LEMs) aim to capture an aggregation of the processes of erosion and deposition within the Earth's surface and predict the evolving topography. A key aspect of any LEM is the algorithm chosen to route water down the surface. In nature precipitation makes its way to rivers as a surface flow and as groundwater. Furthermore, at the scale of a mountain range, country, or even continent, the width of any given river is so small relative to the scale of the landscape that it is essentially a line. Taking this abstraction as a starting point, I explore the consequences of assuming that water flows over the surface of a LEM along lines rather than over the surface area. By making this assumption and distributing the flow along the edges of the mesh cells, node-to-node, I find that the resolution dependence of the evolution of LEM is significantly reduced. Furthermore, the flow paths of water predicted by this node-to-node distributed routing algorithm is significantly closer to that observed in nature. Therefore I suggest that rivers are lines within the landscape, and we must treat them as such within LEMs that operate on a scale larger than a reach.
Observations and modelling of algal growth on a snowpack in north-western Greenland
Authors: Onuma Yukihiko , Takeuchi Nozomu , Tanaka Sota , Nagatsuka Naoko , Niwano Masashi , Aoki Teruo
Published: June 2018

Abstract. Snow algal bloom is a common phenomenon on melting
snowpacks in polar and alpine regions and can substantially increase snow melt
rates due to the effect of albedo reduction on the snow surface.
In order to reproduce algal growth on the snow surface using a numerical
model, temporal changes in snow algal abundance were investigated on the
Qaanaaq Glacier in north-western Greenland from June to August 2014. Snow algae
first appeared at the study sites in late June, which was approximately 94 h
after air temperatures exceeded the melting point. Algal abundance increased
exponentially after this appearance, but the increasing rate became slow after
late July, and finally reached 3.5 × 107 cells m−2 in
early August. We applied a logistic model to the algal growth curve and found
that the algae could be reproduced with an initial cell concentration of
6.9 × 102 cells m−2, a growth rate of 0.42 d−1,
and a carrying capacity of 3.5 × 107 cells m−2 on this
glacier. This model has the potential to simulate algal blooms from
meteorological data sets and to evaluate their impact on the melting of
seasonal snowpacks and glaciers.
Sunlight, clouds, sea ice, albedo, and the radiative budget: the umbrella versus the blanket
Authors: Perovich Donald K.
Published: June 2018

Abstract. The surface radiation budget of the Arctic Ocean plays a central
role in summer ice melt and is governed by clouds and surface albedo. I
calculated the net radiation flux for a range of albedos under sunny and
cloudy skies and determined the break-even value, where the net radiation is
the same for cloudy and sunny skies. Break-even albedos range from 0.30 in
September to 0.58 in July. For snow-covered or bare ice, sunny skies always
result in less radiative heat input. In contrast, leads always have, and
ponds usually have, more radiative input under sunny skies than cloudy
skies. Snow-covered ice has a net radiation flux that is negative or near
zero under sunny skies, resulting in radiative cooling. Areally averaged
albedos for sea ice in July result in a smaller net radiation flux under
cloudy skies. For May, June, August, and September, the net radiation is
smaller under sunny skies.
Representar mulheres: produção visual e relações de gênero numa coleção Costumbrista Espanhola no final do século XIX
Authors: Ribeiro Edméia
Published: June 2018

A coleção Las mujeres españolas, portuguesas y americanas constitui-se numa coleção publicada nos anos 70 do século XIX, composta por textos e cromolitografias, representando espaços territoriais na Espanha, Portugal, Américas espanhola e portuguesa e Filipinas. Chama a atenção o fato de que se trata de uma produção arquitetada por homens, produzida por eles, mas que tematiza mulheres. Nela, percebe-se uma produção visual idealizada da figura da mulher, a partir das representações do cotidiano, atividades, costumes, práticas e espaços considerados como femininos. Nesta exposição pretende-se refletir sobre as relações de gênero perceptíveis na forma como foi concebida e organizada a coleção, assim como os aspectos que marcaram a produção visual da obra, ao representar as mulheres espanholas, portuguesas e americanas nos oitocentos.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for International Business Research, Vol. 11, No. 7
Authors: Duran Kevin
Published: June 2018

International Business Research wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal are greatly appreciated.International Business Research is recruiting reviewers for the journal. If you are interested in becoming a reviewer, we welcome you to join us. Please find the application form and details at http://recruitment.ccsenet.org and e-mail the completed application form to ibr@ccsenet.org.Reviewers for Volume 11, Number 7 Alireza Athari, Eastern Mediterranean University, IranBenjamin James Inyang, University of Calabar, NigeriaBruno Ferreira Frascaroli, Federal University of Paraiba, BrazilBrazil,Carlo Alberto Magni, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, ItalyChemah Tamby Chik, Universiti Teknologi Mara (Uitm), MalaysiaChokri Kooli, International Center for Basic Research applied, Paris, CanadaDonghun Yoon, Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Republic of KoreaEjindu Iwelu MacDonald Morah, University of Westminster, London, UKEunju Lee, University of Massachusetts Lowell, USAFevzi Esen, Istanbul Medeniyet University, TurkeyFoued Hamouda, Ecole Supérieure de Commerce, TunisiaGianluca Ginesti, University of Naples “FEDERICO II”, ItalyGuo Zi-Yi, Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., USAHsiao-Ching Kuo, Washington and Jefferson College, USAIonela-Corina Chersan, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University from Iași, RomaniaJoanna Katarzyna Blach, University of Economics in Katowice, PolandMaria Teresa Bianchi, University of Rome “LA SAPIENZA”, ItalyMaria-Madela Abrudan, University of ORADEA, RomaniaMichaela Maria Schaffhauser-Linzatti, University of Vienna, AustriaMiriam Jankalová, University of Zilina, SlovakiaMithat Turhan, Mersin University, TurkeyModar Abdullatif, Middle East University, JordanMuath Eleswed, American University of Kuwait, USAOzgur Demirtas, Turkish Air Force Academy, TurkeyPascal Stiefenhofer, University of Brighton, UKRafiuddin Ahmed, James Cook University, AustraliaRoberto Campos da Rocha Miranda, University Center Iesb, BrazilRomana Korez Vide, University of Maribor, SloveniaRoxanne Helm Stevens, Azusa Pacific University, USASerhii Kozlovskiy, Donetsk National University, UkraineSumathisri Bhoopalan, SASTRA Deemed to be University, IndiaVassili JOANNIDES de LAUTOUR, Grenoble École de Management (France) and Queensland University of Technology School of Accountancy (Australia), France
Extraction Optimization for Phenolic- and Withanolide-Rich Fractions from Withania somnifera Roots: Identification and Quantification of Withaferin A, 12-Deoxywithastromonolide, and Withanolide A in Plant Materials and Marketed Formulations Using a Reversed-Phase HPLC–Photodiode
Array Detection Method
Authors: Kumar Satyanshu , Singh Raghuraj , Gajbhiye Narendra , Dhanani Tushar
Published: June 2018

Background: Both the roots and leaves of Withania somnifera are products of commerce. They contain active compounds of therapeutic value and mostly different withanolides. Several pharmacological activities of W. somnifera have links to one or more withanolides. The presence of phenolic compounds in extracts could play a vital role in the reduction of blood glucose levels in diabetic subjects. Objective: The present study was carried out for the selection of a solvent to prepare extracts rich in phenolics, withaferin A (WA), 12-deoxywithastromonolide (12WD), and withanolide A (WDA). A simple, rapid HPLC method was also developed for the identification and quantification of WA, 12WD, and WDA. Methods: The extraction efficiency of aqueous alcoholic solvents including hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and methanol were compared for three selected withanolides and total phenolic content. The contents of WA, 12WD, and WDA and total phenolics were determined in the extracts. The quality of nine formulations containing W. sominfera were also compared in terms of the content of WA, 12WD, and WDA and total phenolics. Results: The maximum extract yield and the total withanolide and phenolic content were obtained from aqueous alcoholic compositions at 50:50 (v/v), 70:30 (v/v), and 100:0 (v/v), respectively. In the case of organic solvents, chloroform and ethyl acetate yielded the highest concentrations of phenolics and three withanolides, respectively. The total phenolic content in formulations was in the range of 1.84–3.13%, and total withanolide content showed wide variability. Conclusions: The outcome of the present investigation could be utilized for the selection of extraction solvents to prepare W. somnifera–enriched extracts and their quality monitoring by using the developed and validated HPLC-Photodiode array detection method. Highlights: A process for preparation of phenolics and withanolides (withaferin A, 12-deoxywithastramonolide and withanolide A) enriched extracts of Withania somnifera. Simple and rapid HPLC method was also developed and validated as per the ICH guidelines for identification and quantification of three major withanolides. The developed HPLC method was applied to analyze the quality of extracts and marketed herbal products (mono, as well as poly constituents). Optimized extraction process could be utilized for upscaling process development in preparation of enriched extracts from Withania somnifera, crop improvement, bio-prospection studies and quality control.
Rethinking Response Ethics
Authors: Oliver Kelly ,   DePaul University
Published: June 2018

Working against both Hegelian recognition and ethics based on vulnerability, I argue for response ethics or an ethics of ambivalence. While the ideal of mutual recognition is admirable, in practice, recognition is experienced as conferred by the very groups and institutions responsible for withholding it in the first place. In other words, recognition is distributed according to an axis of power that is part and parcel of systems of dominance and oppression. I both challenge the concept of vulnerability as exclusive to, or constitutive of, humanity, on the one hand, and criticize the concept for leveling differences in levels of vulnerability, on the other.
Recently Described and Clinically Important Entities in Testis Tumors: A Selective Review of Changes Incorporated Into the 2016 Classification of the World Health Organization
Authors: Ulbright Thomas M.
Published: June 2018

Context.—

In 2016 the World Health Organization published a revised classification of testicular neoplasms based upon advances in understanding their pathogenesis and molecular biology. The rationale for this revision and additional clinically relevant observations were the topics of a talk given to the Houston Society of Clinical Pathologists in April 2017. This paper summarizes that talk.

Objective.—

To summarize and explain the most important changes to the classification of testicular neoplasms in the World Health Organization 2016 revision.

Data Sources.—

Peer-reviewed published literature and contributions by individuals with expertise in this area that were also reviewed by genitourinary pathologists.

Conclusions.—

Most changes occurred in the germ cell tumor classification, including replacement of the terms intratubular germ cell neoplasia unclassified and carcinoma in situ by germ cell neoplasia in situ; subdivision of the tumors into 2 main categories, those derived from germ cell neoplasia in situ and those not derived from germ cell neoplasia in situ; distinction of germ cell neoplasia in situ from germ cells with delayed maturation and pre–germ cell neoplasia in situ; expansion of the trophoblastic tumor category to include epithelioid trophoblastic tumor and cystic trophoblastic tumor; and substitution of spermatocytic tumor for spermatocytic seminoma and its placement in the non–germ cell neoplasia in situ group. Other revisions included eliminating sclerosing Sertoli cell tumor as a distinct entity; the recognition of intratubular hyalinizing Sertoli cell tumor; and acceptance of the role of undifferentiated gonadal tissue in the pathogenesis of gonadoblastoma.
A interdisciplinaridade da profissão biólogo
Authors: Melo Larissa Leonilda Pereira , Carvalho Aluísio Vasconcelos , Guimarães Ana Paula Martins
Published: June 2018

Este trabalho tem como objetivo discutir e analisar a partir de trabalhos já publicados acerca da profissão de biólogo. Trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica baseada em artigos selecionados no Google Acadêmico. Os estudos encontrados sobre a profissão de biólogo constataram que devido à formação multidisciplinar do biólogo, este profissional tem encontrado cada vez mais espaço no mercado de trabalho, abrangendo várias áreas biológicas, que consequentemente concorrem com outros profissionais com formação mais específica, como biomédicos, bioquímicos e veterinários. Os biólogos constituem papel fundamental na sociedade em geral assumindo a responsabilidade de formadores de mentes críticas e no progresso da ciência desempenhando estudos e descobertas que auxiliem na manutenção da vida no ecossistema.
RÉFLEXION SUR LE « LIVING WILL » DE COMMON LAW DANS LE CONTEXTE DU DROIT CIVIL QUÉBÉCOIS
Authors: DUCHAINE Pierre
Published: June 2018

Le droit des États-Unis d’Amérique assujettit le « living will » à un régime juridique fortement structuré. À l’inverse, le droit civil québécois ne fait qu’une timide allusion au « living will ». L’objectif visé du présent essai consiste à implanter, dans le droit civil du Québec, le concept de « living will » tel qu’il est actuellement en vigueur en droit américain.
Gadamer lecteur de Dilthey
Authors: Michel Johann
Published: June 2018

L’article examine la manière dont Gadamer lit, interprète et critique Dilthey dansVérité et méthode. L’auteur se propose de reconstruire cette lecture, en la replaçant dans les débats herméneutiques contemporains, en fonction de trois « coupes » transversales : une « coupe » relative à la position de Dilthey dans l’histoire de l’herméneutique ; une « coupe » dans la critique de l’herméneutique méthodologique ; une « coupe » dans l’apport proprement diltheyen à une philosophie de la vie. La thèse consiste à montrer que le rapport de Gadamer à Dilthey n’est pas d’un seul tenant, même s’il est tout à fait central pour apprécier la portée deVérité et méthode. C’est un problème d’inspiration diltheyenne qui anime le projet même de l’ouvrage — à travers une interrogation sur le fondement des sciences de l’esprit — mais en lui donnant une réponse d’inspiration heideggérienne.
Nature pure, similitude substantielle, sujet identique et sujet unique anti-régressifs chez Boèce dans son Second commentaire sur l’Isagoge de Porphyre
Authors: Lafleur Claude , Carrier Joanne
Published: June 2018

Thème majeur dans l’histoire de la philosophie, le problème des universaux a été transmis à l’Occident latin principalement par l’exégèse que, dans son Second commentaire sur l’Isagoge, Boèce a donnée du célèbre « Questionnaire de Porphyre sur les genres et les espèces ». Notre étude se penche sur la série de notions philosophiques clés, parfois difficiles à cerner, qui, dans ce commentaire séminal, forment la trame rédactionnelle, souvent mal saisie, de la Solution boécienne d’une Aporie qui prétend avoir démontré l’impossibilité de l’existence des genres et des espèces (entre autres par l’argument du regressus ad infinitum), ainsi que les vices rédhibitoires de leurs intellections (conformes ou non conformes). Chez Boèce, tout cela concerne fondamentalement le rapport entre la pensée et le réel.
La Unión Europea ante la gestión de la crisis de los refugiados || The European Union faces the refugee crisis
Authors: Payero López Lucía
Published: June 2018

RESUMEN: Este artículo analiza la gestión de la denominada crisis de los refugiados por parte de la UE y sus Estados miembros. Partiendo del estudio de la política migratoria europea, se intenta demostrar que la respuesta ofrecida a ambos fenómenos, migración y asilo, se articula en función de las necesidades del mercado capitalista. Ello hace que, en época de crisis económica, se restrinja de manera drástica el número de personas admitidas. No sólo eso, para mantener la cohesión social dentro la comunidad nacional se culpa a los extranjeros –inmigrantes y refugiados– de los efectos de la crisis. El resultado es el fin del derecho de asilo. Las consecuencias negativas de semejante política no sólo afectan a los refugiados e inmigrantes, sino también a los ciudadanos de los países de la Unión y, especialmente, al propio proyecto europeo.
 

ABSTRACT: This article analyses the way in which the EU and its member states are dealing with the so-called refugee crisis. First of all, EU migration policy is assessed in order to show that capitalism and market needs establish the guidelines to be followed when tackling these two issues, migration and asylum. As a result, and in the context of an economic crisis, the number of people admitted into the EU has been dramatically reduced. Even more, foreigners –migrants and refugees– are blamed on the detrimental effects of crisis, and this is used as a strategy to maintain social cohesion within the national community. This policy has a negative impact not only on refugees and migrants, but also on EU citizens and the EU project itself.
Derecho a la salud de mujeres en contexto de prostitución en Sevilla (Andalucía) || Health as a right in women who are in context of prostitution in Sevilla (Andalucía). Beyond sexual health.
Authors: Barroso Pavía Rafael , Cordero Ramos Nuria
Published: June 2018

RESUMEN: Con el presente trabajo intentaremos profundizar en cuál es la situación real del derecho a la salud en las mujeres que ejercen la prostitución en Sevilla (Andalucía). Para ello contextualizaremos la situación económico-social en la cual se encuentra nuestro país en este momento y la repercusión que ha tenido en el Derecho a la salud. A continuación, analizaremos la relevancia de la salud como instrumento de inclusión/exclusión social, para después hablar de la situación de salud y vulnerabilidad de las mujeres en contexto de prostitución en Sevilla. Finalmente, reflexionaremos sobre el camino a seguir.
 

ABSTRACT: This paper makes an approximation to the right to health in women who are practising prostitution in Sevilla (Andalucía). Firstly, we are going to contextualize the social and economic situation in Spain and how it has affected in the health right. Next, we are going to analyse the importance of this right as an instrument for social inclusion/exclusion and we will discuss the health situation and vulnerability of women in prostitution. Finally, we will present our opinion about the correct protection of this right for this group