bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
BÜYÜK ÖLÇEKLİ BİR ÜRETİM İŞLETMESİNİN OFİSLERİNDE RİSK DEĞERLENDİRMESİ
Authors: KAHYA Emin , ADA Gizem , ÇETİNKAYA Özge
Published: April 2021

İş kazaları ile meslek hastalıklarını önlemek amacıyla 20 Haziran 2012 tarihinde 6331 sayılı İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği Kanunu yürürlüğe girmiştir. Kanun, kamu ve özel sektör olmak üzere tüm faaliyet alanlarını ve tüm çalışanları kapsayan, proaktif yaklaşımı esas alarak hazırlanmıştır. Gerek bu yasa ve gerekse bu konuna dayanılarak çıkarılan “İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği Risk Değerlendirmesi Yönetmeliği”, işverenlerin tüm işyerlerinde risk değerlendirmesi yapmak veya yaptırmakla yükümlü kılmıştır. Bu çalışmada, büyük ölçekli bir üretim işletmesinin idari binalarında Fine-Kinney yöntemi ile risk değerlendirmesi ele alınmıştır. Binalarda ofis, koridor, tuvalet, çay ocağı, toplantı salonu, eğitim salonu ve asansör olmak üzere 7 mekan türünün her biri için kontrol listesi (tehlikeler) geliştirmiştir. Toplam 110 tehlike 311 mekan için analiz edilmiş, olumsuz olan tehlike için Fine-Kinney yöntemi kullanılarak 1.199 risk değerlemesi yapılmıştır. Risk analizlerinin %34,36’sı ofislerde ve %12,43’ü koridorlarda yüksek risk kategorisinde olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Identidades profesionales de extensionistas rurales en diferentes países de África, América Latina y Oceanía: un estudio comparativo
Authors: Landini Fernando , Hoffman-Martins Sandra , Martinez Manuela , Tarantini Eduardo , Nische Carlos , Rodríguez-Chávez Haydelín
Published: April 2021

La extensión rural es una profesión altamente compleja. Es claro que las prácticas más efectivas, se deben adaptar de manera flexible a los contextos y no se pueden pensar en términos de la aplicación tecnocrática de procedimientos. Las identidades profesionales organizan el modo en que los integrantes de diferentes profesiones comprenden su rol y dan forma a sus prácticas laborales. En este trabajo, se estudian las identidades profesionales de los extensionistas, a fin de contribuir a la comprensión de sus prácticas. A partir de un cuestionario, se analizan las identidades profesionales de extensionistas rurales de Argentina, Australia, Brasil, Chile, México, Nueva Zelanda, Nigeria, Paraguay y Sudáfrica. Los datos fueron procesados con el apoyo del software SPSS. Partiendo de una tipología teórica, se observa que la identidad más frecuente es la de un profesional orientado al apoyo productivo-empresarial, seguida por la de aquellos que piensan su rol en términos de mejora de la calidad de vida de los productores. Son pocos los que conciben su profesión en términos de impulsar procesos de cambio social y superación de situaciones de injusticia. Se diferencian dos tipos de países, aquellos donde predomina la identidad de profesionales que apoyan a los agricultores, a nivel productivo-empresarial y aquellos donde esta identidad posee un porcentaje similar a la centrada en la mejora de la calidad de vida. En Nigeria y Sudáfrica es más frecuente la presencia de extensionistas, que se conciben como impulsores de procesos de cambio social.
Corona und Mobilität
Authors: Haas Tobias , Schütt Mariana
Published: April 2021

Das Verkehrsaufkommen ging in der Corona-Krise drastisch zurück, gleiches gilt für die Automobilproduktion und die Zahl der Neuzulassungen. Die Verkehrsbranche wird entsprechend stark adressiert im Konjunkturprogramm der Bundesregierung. Das gilt für die Bahn und den öffentlichen Personennahverkehr wie auch den Luftverkehr. Das Ausbleiben einer generellen Kaufprämie für Autos, wie sie die Autoindustrie im Einklang mit der IG Metall gefordert hatte, bildet einen partiellen Machtverlust der Autohersteller ab. Gleichwohl gibt es eine große Kontinuität in der Subventionierung des Automobils, die nun weiter auf E-Autos ausgerichtet wird. Insofern ist das Konjunkturpaket primär eine Stabilisierung und Fortschreibung des Status quo.
KORELASI PENGETAHUAN MATERI VIRUS DENGAN PERILAKU SISWA SMA MENCEGAH PENULARAN VIRUS CORONA DI KABUPATEN BANGGAI
Authors: HARUNA MOH. FAHRI , NURLIA NURLIA , ASTUTI SRI
Published: April 2021

Memahami dan menjelaskan perilaku seseorang terhadap suatu materi dapat menggunakan pendekatan teori psikologi  tentang hubungan antara pengetahuan,  sikap  dan  perilaku.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara pengetahuan siswa tentang materi virus dengan perilaku siswa SMA dalam mencegah penuaran virus Corona di Kabupaten Banggai.  Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif yang bersifat korelasional. Teknik pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik simple random sampling sehingga diperoleh sampel sebanyak 106 siswa SMA kelas X. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan angket sebagai instrument yang di berikan secara online. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan teknik statistik deskriptif dan inferensial. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antar pengetahuan siswa tentang materi virus (X) dengan perilaku siswa dalam mencegah penularan virus Corona (Y). Kesimpulannya bahwa  terdapat  hubungan  positif antara pengetahuan siswa tentang materi virus dengan  perilaku  siswa  SMA dalam  mencegah penuaran virus Corona di Kabupaten Banggai. Hubungan antara kedua variabel tersebut berada pada kategori Rendah.
EVALUATION OF ANTI ULCER ACTIVITY OF HYDROALCOHOLIC LEAVES EXTRACT OF LEUCAS ASPERA
Authors: Kumar Surjeet , Patel Narendra , Budholiya Prabhakar
Published: April 2021

The main aim of the study was to determine the phytoconstituents present in Leaves of Leucas aspera. The present study was therefore carried out to evaluate the anti-ulcer activity of Hydroalcoholic (70% methanol) leaf extract of Leucas aspera in rats. The effect of Leucas aspera extract on gastric ulcer in rats in indomethacin induced gastric ulcers model and ethanol-induced models was studied using single dosing (100, 200 mg/kg) and repeated dosing (200 mg/kg for 5 days) approaches. Ranitidine (50 mg/kg) and cimetidine (100 mg/kg) were used as the standard drugs. Depending on the model, outcome measures were volume ulcer index. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and P<0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Leucas aspera significantly (P<0.001) reduced gastric ulcer, respectively, in indomethacin induced gastric ulcers model and ethanol-induced models at the 200 mg/kg dose, which is comparable to the standard drugs. 5 days pre-treatment with Leucas aspera 200 mg/kg exhibited significant (P<0.001) ulcer inhibition. Leucas aspera  possesses both dose-dependent and time-dependent anti-ulcer effect in the two models. The oral median lethal dose (LD50) is estimated to be higher than 2000 mg/kg for the crude hydroalcoholic extract, and secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, tannins, and saponins were present. The findings of this study confirmed that Leucas aspera has anti-ulcer pharmacologic activity due to one or more of the secondary metabolites present in it. Therefore, this study validates its anti-ulcer use in Ethiopian folk medicine. Further investigations on isolation of specific phytochemicals and elucidating mechanisms of action are needed.
ПІДВИЩЕННЯ КВАЛІФІКАЦІЇ ПЕРСОНАЛУ В СУЧАСНИХ УМОВАХ ТА РОЗВИТОК ТЕНДЕНЦІЙ КОРПОРАТИВНИХ ОСВІТНІХ ПРОЦЕСІВ
Authors: Панкратова Олена
Published: April 2021

У цій статті розглядається необхідність та доцільність впровадження новацій в освітній корпоративний процес підприємств під час підвищення кваліфікації персоналу. Визначено, що планування розвитку персоналу, яке передбачає проведення інтегрування систем управління ефективністю є важливою складовою управління ефективністю. Наведені причини чому наймані працівники недостатньо зацікавлені вкладати особисті кошти у свою підготовку, перепідготовку чи підвищення кваліфікації через відсутність для цього достатніх матеріальних і моральних стимулів, сприймаючи навчання як марнування часу. Визначений зміст корпоративного навчання з допомогою використання навчальних курсів з масовою інтерактивною участю із застосуванням технологій електронного навчання і відкритим доступом через Інтернет, використання ідей краудсорсингу, що має за мету залучення до вирішення тих чи інших проблем інноваційної виробничої діяльності широкого кола осіб для використання їх творчих здібностей, знань і досвіду по типу субпідрядної роботи на добровільних засадах із застосуванням інформаційно-комунікаційних технологій.
Особенности ортопедического лечения пациента с поражением подъязычного нерва
Authors: Рубникович С.П. , Мулик П.П.
Published: April 2021

Цель исследования. Продемонстрировать на примере клинического случая особенности ортопедического лечения пациентов с поражением подъязычного нерва.
Объекты и методы исследования. В ходе лечения пациента использовались стандартные материалы, необходимые при протезировании полной вторичной адентии съемными протезами с опорой на дентальные имплантаты, анализ высоты нижней трети лица проводился с применением телерентгенографии, изложены особенности лечения пациента, у которого в результате перенесенного в
детском возрасте полиомиелита были поражены ядра подъязычного нерва, в результате чего развилось поражение 12-й пары черепных нервов с двухсторонним параличом мышц языка, параличом круговой мышцы рта и парезом части мимических мышц.
Результаты исследования и их обсуждение. На примере клинического случая были рассмотрены особенности ортопедического лечения пациентов с поражением подъязычного нерва и последствиями операционных вмешательств на мягких тканях: невозможностью проведения речевых проб, особенностями оформления краев при снятии оттиска, сложностью введения и извлечения протезов вследствие послеоперационных рубцовых изменений в области преддверия полости рта.
Заключение. В сравнении с традиционными методами протезирования полной вторичной адентии применение протезов с опорой на дентальные имплантаты позволяет значительно улучшить жевательную функцию и повысить качество жизни пациентов, снизить показатели депрессии, уровень тревожности после проведенного лечения. В некоторых особенно сложных случаях, таких как поражение 12-й пары черепных нервов и послеоперационные рубцовые изменения, реабилитация пациентов съемными протезами с опорой на дентальные имплантаты является минимально возможным вариантом восстановления функции жевания.
The potential of 5G in commercial shipping
Authors: Agarwala Nitin , Guduru Surya SK
Published: April 2021

The buzz about the 5G technology has been going on for a few years now. The technology even before its inception has had its fair share of controversy with concerns over its influence on the environment and national security. Recently, some conspiracy theories branded 5G as the primary cause of COVID-19. As the technology develops, one realises that 5G has many positives and potential in the field of mobile communication. To tap this potential, 5G is being simultaneously developed by many companies globally. Unlike earlier generations of mobile communication, 5G offers numerous benefits when adopted in the maritime domain. Hence, technologically advanced nations are experimenting with the use of 5G in shipping, ports and shipbuilding. While the understanding of the 5G technology is still at the nascent stage for most of us, this article aims to discuss the potential of 5G in commercial shipping by discussing the pros and cons associated with this technology. The article overall aims to provide a start point for future work and studies on the use of this technology in the maritime industry and by no means is considered a ‘one-stop’ solution to the problems of commercial shipping.
Haber Edinme Amaçlı Sosyal Medya Kullanım Sıklığının Haber Paylaşma Davranışı Üzerindeki Rolü: Bir Saha Çalışması
Authors: YAŞAR İbrahim Halil , UĞURHAN Yusuf Zafer Can
Published: April 2021

Günümüzde sosyal medya bireysel ve toplumsal yaşamın merkezinde yer alan önemli bir iletişim aracıdır. Sosyal medya sıradan bireyleri birer kitle yayıncısına dönüştürebilme potansiyeline sahiptir. Bireyler sosyal medyanın sunmuş olduğu altyapı ve imkânlar sayesinde, güncel konu ve olaylardan haberdar olurken, aynı zamanda çevrelerinde olup biten ve haber değeri taşıdığını düşündükleri olaylarla ilgili içerik üretip paylaşarak birer kitle yayıncısına dönüşebilmektedir. Dolayısıyla geldiğimiz noktada günümüz bireyi hem haberin alıcısı, hem de onun kaynağı ve dağıtıcısı durumundadır. Bu çalışmada nicel araştırma yöntemi ve kesitsel tarama modeli kullanılarak, bireyin sosyal medyayı haber edinme ve paylaşma amaçlı kullanımı incelenmiştir. Yapılan inceleme çerçevesinde sosyal medyayı haber edinme amaçlı kullanan bireylerin, bu amaçla hangi sosyal medya platformundan ne sıklıkta kullandıkları belirlenmiştir. Sonrasında kümeleme analizi yapılarak bu sıklıklara göre üç gruplu bir sınıflandırma ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Elde edilen kümeler aracılığıyla da günümüz bireyinin haber edinme ve paylaşma davranışı anlaşılmaya çalışılmıştır. Sonuç olarak WhatsApp platformu haber edinme amaçlı kullanım açısından görece daha öne çıkarken, haber edinme amaçlı sosyal medya kullanım sıklığı arttığında haber paylaşma eğilimi de yükselmektedir. Demografik özellikler ile haber edinme sıklığı arasında anlamlı ilişkiler söz konusuyken, demografik özelliklerin haber paylaşma davranışı üzerinde anlamlı bir rolü yoktur.
PERT Simülasyon Yöntemiyle Denizyolu Lojistiği İhracat Süreç Analizi
Authors: BAYAR Sibel , AKAN Ercan
Published: April 2021

Uluslararası ticaretin en yoğun olarak taşındığı mod olan denizyolu taşımacılığındaki lojistik süreçlerin etkin ve verimli bir biçimde koordine edilmesi, karmaşık bir yapıyı barındırdığından önemli olmaktadır. Bu sürecin iyi yönetilmesi ile aksaksız bir biçimde sürecin işlemesi mümkündür. Bu kapsamda çalışmada ülkelerin ekonomisinde önemli bir rol oynayan ihracat yüklerinin denizyolu taşıma süreci ele alınmıştır. FOB teslim şekli kapsamında ihracatçının sorumluluğu göz önüne alınarak, geminin bordasına kadar olan sürecin analizi yapılmıştır. Bu kapsamda ihracat yükleri için geminin bordasına kadar olan tüm süreçler ortaya konmuş, her bir sürecin olası süreleri belirlenmiş ve PERT Simülasyon kullanılarak toplam süre, kritik faaliyetler ve bolluklar ele alınmıştır. Çalışma FOB teslim şekline uygun olarak tüm denizyolu ihracat süreçlerini ele alması bakımından literatüre katkı sağlamaktadır.
Bir Depo Tesisine Alınacak Paketleme Makinesi Seçim Kararının Analitik Ağ Süreci Tabanlı Gri İlişkisel Analiz Yöntemiyle Belirlenmesi
Authors: TÜMTÜRK Ayça , GÜLÇİÇEK TOLUN Beran
Published: April 2021

Günümüzde, işletmelerin başarılı olmaları sadece kendi performanslarına bağlı değildir. Tedarik zinciri üyelerinin performansı da işletmelerin başarısını doğrudan etkilemektedir. Depo yönetimi lojistik faaliyetlerinin ayrılmaz bir parçasıdır. Depoların en önemli işlevlerinden biri de paketlemedir. Depolarda kullanılan paketleme makineleri işletmelere önemli faydalar sağlamaktadır. Paketleme için en uygun makinenin seçimi işletmelerin birçok değişkeni göz önünde bulundurarak vermesi gereken kararlardan biridir. Bu çalışmada da bir işletmenin depolarında kullanacağı en uygun paketleme makinesine ilişkin karar verme problemi incelenmiştir. Analitik ağ süreci yardımı ile makine alım kararında etkili olan kriterler ağırlıklandırılmış, Gri İlişkisel Analiz Yöntemi ile de kriter ağırlıkları göz önünde bulundurularak üç alternatif makinenin performansı değerlendirilmiştir. Ağırlıklandırmalara göre hız ve duruş süresi gibi kriterler yatırım maliyetinden daha önemli bulunmuştur. Değerlendirme neticesinde A makinesi seçilirken, eşit ağırlıklandırma yapılsaydı B makinesinin en yüksek değeri aldığı görülmüştür.
Olumsuz Değerlendirilme Korkusu ile Sosyal Medya Reklamlarına Yönelik Tutum İlişkisi
Authors: ÜLKER Yelda
Published: April 2021

İnsanların yaşamlarını devam ettirebilmeleri için çevresiyle iletişim içinde olması önemlidir. Fakat bazen insanlar diğerleriyle iletişim kurarken, kabul görememe veya olumsuz değerlendirilme korkusu yaşamaktadırlar. Bu durum da insanların yalnız kalmayı tercih etmesine sebep olmaktadır. Bu bağlamda olumsuz değerlendirilme korkusuna sahip insanların, diğer insanlarla zaman geçirmek yerine sosyal medyaya yöneldikleri söylenebilir. Böylece kendilerini gizleyebilmekte ama varlıklarını da sürdürebilmektedir. Bu araştırmanın amacını da olumsuz değerlendirilme korkusuna sahip bireylerin, sosyal medya reklamlarına karşı genel tutumlarını incelemek oluşturmaktadır. Ayrıca araştırmada olumsuz değerlendirilme korkusu ile sosyal medya reklamlarına karşı tutumun alt boyutları olan sosyal medya reklamlarının tercih edilme nedenleri ve sosyal medya reklamlarına yönelik tüketici kanaati de irdelenmektedir. Bunlara ek olarak araştırmada katılımcıların demografik özellikleri ile olumsuz değerlendirilme korkuları arasında anlamlı bir farkın olup olmadığı da incelenmektedir. Elde edilen bulgulara göre katılımcıların olumsuz değerlendirilme korkusu ile sosyal medya reklamlarına yönelik tutumları arasında herhangi bir ilişki yokken, olumsuz değerlendirilme korkusuyla katılımcıların demografik özelliklerinden bazıları arasında fark bulunmaktadır.
Diyalojik Halkla İlişkiler Boyutuyla Kamu Kurumlarında Sosyal Medya Kullanımı: T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı Örneği
Authors: ILGIN Hicran Özlem
Published: April 2021

Halkla ilişkiler doğası gereği iki yönlü iletişimi gerekli kılmaktadır. Bu nedenle kurum ve kamuları arasında karşılıklı gerçekleşen diyalog, halkla ilişkileri “mükemmel” boyuta taşımayı hedeflemekte ve gerçekleştirilen etkinlikleri ya da uygulamaları daha verimli kıldığı öne sürülmektedir. Bu noktalardan hareketle bu çalışma kamu kurumlarından T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı’nın sosyal medya hesaplarını ne ölçüde diyalojik halkla ilişkiler boyutlarıyla kullandığını ortaya koymak amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın güncel olması nedeniyle araştırma önem taşımaktadır. Araştırmada içerik analizi yöntemi kullanılmış ve iki aşamalı olarak analiz gerçekleştirilmiştir. İlk aşamada hesapların takipçi, gönderi, beğeni, yorum ve yeniden paylaşma rakamları ve gönderi başına ortalama rakamlarının analiz edildiği ilk ölçek, ikinci aşamada ise diyalojik halkla ilişkiler ilkeleri ile oluşturulmuş 4 ana 44 alt kategoriden oluşan ölçektir. Çalışma kapsamında 1-30 Kasım 2020 tarihleri arasında kurumun Twitter, Facebook, Instagram hesaplarından paylaşılan toplam 453 gönderi analiz edilmiştir. Sonuçta hesapların bilginin kullanışlılığı boyutunda yüksek düzeyde, ziyaretin yeniden sağlanması boyutunda Twitter hesabının orta düzey, Facebook ve Instagram hesabının ise düşük düzeyde, ziyaretçilerin elde tutulması kategorisinin yüksek düzeyde ve diyaloga döngü kategorisinde orta düzeyde kendini gerçekleştirdiği verilerine ulaşılmıştır. Ayrıca çalışma sonunda takipçilerin özellikle Twitter hesabından gerçekleştirilen paylaşımlara beğeni, yorum ve tekrar paylaşım kategorilerinde daha fazla duyarlı olduğu da kayıt altına alınmıştır.
Автоматизація керування енергетичними системами на основі процесу інтерпретації метаправил бази знань інтелектуальної системи
Authors: Моркун В.С. , Котов І.А. , Сердюк О.Ю. , Гапоненко І.А.
Published: April 2021

У статті розглянута проблема побудови інтелектуальної програмної системи, реактивної по відношенню до подій зовнішнього середовища, для автоматизації управління режимами енергосистем. Модель реактивної тригерної системи підтримки рішень інтерактивно пов'язана як з станами компонентів енергосистеми, так і з діями користувача-оператора. Обґрунтоване, що теоретична розробка та впровадження програмного комплексу тригерної системи підтримки прийняття рішень в середу автоматизованої системи диспетчерського керування енергосистеми є актуальною науково-технічною проблемою. Методи дослідження полягають в застосуванні автоматної моделі станів функціонування автоматизованої програмної системи підтримки рішень. Для схеми станів реалізована автоматна модель функціонування з конкретизацією семантики станів, транзакцій і тригерів. У статті приведена схема трансляції програми тригерних транзакцій метаправил в байт-код інтерпретатора. Приведені результати інтерпретації метаправил бази знань інтелектуальної системи.
Створення технологічної схеми процесу отримання етилену з біоетанолу в умовах аерозольного нанокаталізу за допомогою програми ChemCad
Authors: Міщенко С.О. , Глікіна І.М. , Глікін М.А.
Published: April 2021

Дана робота дає можливість розглянути можливість теоретичних розрахунків на моделі хімічного перетворення етилового спирту в етилен за допомогою програмного комплексу ChemCad. Були розглянуті різні концентрації вихідної сировини з метою отримання цільового продукту від параметрів реакції: температура, тиск, концентрація.

Робота є розширенням можливості застосування нової перспективної технології аерозольного нанокаталізу. Технологія добре зарекомендувала себе як в процесах глибокого окислення, які знаходять застосування в екологічному напрямку при знешкодженні різних відходів, так і деяких процесах синтезу, наприклад синтез Фішера-Тропша (отримання вуглеводнів з синтез-газу).
Brief commentary on the impact of global climate change on fisheries and aquaculture with special reference to India
Authors: Dutta Joystu , Sen Tirthankar , Mitra Ankita , Zaman Sufia , Mitra Abhijit
Published: April 2021

Abstract not available

Bangladesh J. Zool. 48(2): 457-463, 2020
Serum Iron Profile in Chronic Renal Failure Patients
Authors: Miah Md Helal , Hossain Md Zakir , Das Bidhu Bhusun , Sarker Md Mokhlesur Rahman , Saha Sumanta Kumar , Haque Md Ashraful , Yusuf Md Ghulam
Published: April 2021

Background & objective: Chronic Renal Failure (CRF) is a serious condition with a worldwide impact. Anemia is a common complication of CRF leading to significant morbidity. Iron deficiency may be a contributing factor for developing anemia in CRF patients. It may be particularly problematic during erythropoietin therapy. This study was intended to find the serum iron status in CRF patients.

Method: This cross sectional study was conducted on 100 consecutive patients of CRF in the Department of Medicine, Rangpur Medical College & Hospital, Rangpur and Hypertension & Research Centre, Rangpur between July 2010 to June 2012.

Result: 40% of the patients were 40-59 years old, 28% were 20 - 39 years and 32% >60 years old. Males were predominant (64%) than the females (36%). None of the biochemical variables (serum creatinine, haemoglobin and serum iron profile), except total iron binding capacity (TIBC) differ by sex. TIBC was significantly higher in females than that males (p = 0.029). Of the 100 patients 40% were iron deficient; of them 12(30%) had absolute iron deficiency and 28(70%) relative iron deficiency. Iron deficiency was not influenced by sex (p = 0.519). It was not even affected by the degree of renal insufficiency (p = 0.524). However, the incidence of severe anemia increases significantly with the degree of renal insufficiency (p = 0.037).

Conclusion: Serum iron profile remains normal in most of the cases of CRF patients. It should be investigated in every CRF patients before deciding for iron therapy.

Ibrahim Cardiac Med J 2012; 2(2): 8-13
Study on Serum Levels of Thyroid Hormones and Thyroid Stimulating Hormone in Different Trimester of Normal Pregnancy
Authors: Begum Zinat , Banu Rezina Akhtar , Moon TH Zahra Moon
Published: April 2021

Objective: The present study was conducted to study the changes in serum levels of thyroid hormones and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) in different trimesters of normal pregnancy.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Physiology, Rangpur Medical College Hospital over a period 1 year from July 2008 to June 2009. Apparently healthy pregnant women aged between 20 - 35 years were consecutively included in the study. Patients suffering from thyroid disorders or any other systemic diseases and lactating mothers were excluded from the study. A total of 100 subjects - 75 pregnant women (25 selected from each trimester of pregnancy) and 25 non-pregnant women were purposively selected as case and control groups respectively.

Result: The mean age was almost identically distributed between the two groups (23.8 ± 3.9 vs. 24.9 ±4.6, p = 0.343). Lower class patient was predominant in case and control group (68% vs. 64%, p =0.756). The mean serum T3 level was higher in case group compared to control group. The mean serum T3 level was identically distributed in 1st and 3rd trimester (p = 0.536 and p = 0.145 respectively) but significant difference was found in 2nd trimester (p = 0.001). The mean serum T4 level of control group did not experience any change throughout the whole observation period. The serum T4 level was 210 nmol/L at 1st trimester then it began to increase almost a plateau at 2nd   trimester and then gradually dropped 232.2 nmol/L at third trimester. The mean serum TSH level was 1.1 mIU/L at 1st trimester then it began to increase sharply assumed a mean score 1.3 mIU/L at 2nd trimester. From 2nd trimester onwards it began to decrease upto the end of observation when no change in the non-pregnant women in 1st, 2nd & 3rd trimester.

Conclusion: Thyroid hormones (T3, T4) increase in the 2nd trimester of pregnancy and fall again in the 3rdtrimester but TSH does not experience any significant change throughout the pregnancy.

Ibrahim Cardiac Med J 2012; 2(2): 19-23
Radial and Ulnar Artery Size in Bangladeshi Population Coming for Cardiac Catheterization
Authors: Chowdhury Mashhud Zia , Gomes Hemanta I , Nasrin Sahela , Kabir CM Shaheen , Md Taimur Syed Dawood , Md Salahuddin - , Hakim Md Enamul
Published: April 2021

Background: Transradial approach has now become a preferred route for cardiac catheterization. However, smaller size of the artery, being liable to sustain injury during the procedure, this approach may even lead to permanent occlusion. This study is intended to measure the diameter of radial and ulnar artery and to identify the factors influencing the size of the arteries.

Methods: Using two dimensional ultrasound and Doppler examination, the inner diameter of right radial and ulnar arteries were measured in 373 consecutive patients with normal Allen test who underwent coronary angiogram (CAG) and/or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) through trans-radial approach in Ibrahim Cardiac Hospital and Research Institute (ICHRI), Dhaka from August 2013 to September 2014.

Results: The mean sizes of the radial and ulnar arteries were 2.2 ± 0.3 mm and 2.1 ± 0.3 mm respectively. There was no significant correlations of age with size of radial and ulnar artery (r = 0.055, p = 0.290 and r = 0.010, p = 0.846 respectively). However, sex was found to be associated with size of the arteries with male having greater size compared to their female counterparts (2.1±0.3 vs. 2.0±0.2 mm, p = 0.001 and 2.0 ± 0.3 vs. 1.9 ± 0.3 mm, p = 0.006 respectively). BMI was found to bear significant correlation with size of radial and ulnar artery (r = 0.137, p = 0.008 and r = 0.121, p = 0.019 respectively). Likewise, smokers and dyslipidaemics had bigger size of radial and ulnar arteries compared to their non-smoker and non-dyslipidemic counterparts (p = 0.015 & p = 0.017 respectively and p < 0.001 & p =0.011 respectively). However, hypertension and diabetes did not influence the size of radial and ulnar arteries (p = 0.559 and p = 0.916; p = 0.778 and p = 0.931 respectively).

Conclusion: Diameter of radial and ulnar arteries of Bangladeshi population is a bit smaller but does not vary much with other population around the world. Male, smoker, obese and dyslipidaemic persons generally have bigger size of the radial and ulnar arteries, while age, hypertension and diabetes do not bear any relationship with size of the arteries.

Ibrahim Cardiac Med J 2013; 3(1&2): 21-26
Pathophysiologic features of Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy: A review of the literature
Authors: Mercedes Ana , Caza Tiffany , Ahsan Chowdhury H
Published: April 2021

Takotsubo cardiomyopathy is a newly recognized cause of chest pain mimicking a myocardial infarction in post-menopausal women. It is diagnosed based on clinical criteria established at the Mayo Clinic and imaging studies, including echocardiography, cardiac MRI, angiography, and left ventriculography. Several hypotheses have been postulated towards its etiology, with the dominant theory being cathecholamine toxicity to the myocardium in response to a stressful trigger. Pathologic investigations are limited, based mostly on autopsy findings, and represent inflammatory and fibrotic replacement of the myocardium. Here, we will address the current understanding of the disease entity of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy, its clinical mimics, and its pathophysiology.

Ibrahim Cardiac Med J 2013; 3(1&2): 39-48
Link between Environmental Pollutants and Breast Cancer
Authors: Amin Md Nurul
Published: April 2021

Abstract not available

Ibrahim Cardiac Med J 2013; 3(1&2): 5-9
Treatment of Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media: A Comparison between Topical, Systemic and Combined Topical-Systemic antibiotics
Authors: Al Masum Syed Hasan Imam , Arsalan Ali Jacob
Published: April 2021

Background and Objectives: The present study was undertaken to determine which of the three treatment modalities (topical, systemic and topical systemic combined) is the best in treating chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) in children.

Patients & Methods: This comparative clinical trial was conducted prospectively in Dhaka Shisu Hospital, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka over a period of 6 months. We enrolled 92 children with chronic CSOM, aged 5- 12 years, from patients attending at pediatric ENT OPD. The children were randomly assigned to three treatment groups. All parents were advised dry mopping of their children two times daily. The first group (n = 51) received topical ciprofloxacin 4 times daily, the second group received systemic ciprofloxacin only10 mg/kg body weight/day twice daily for 14 days and the third group received both systemic and topical ciprofloxacin. The primary outcome measures were resolution of otorrhoea by 2 - 3 weeks of intervention and healing of tympanic membranes on otoscopy by 8-12weeks of intervention. Hearing levels were assessed by audiometry.

Results: Of the three groups of children enrolled in the study, the topical-systemic group was significantly older than the topical and systemic groups (p = 0.003). However, the groups were not different in terms of sex and duration of illness (p = 0.125 and p = 0.191 respectively). The cardinal presentation was otorrhoea. Over half of the children in each group had marginal perforation (p=0.062). Most of the children in each group had mild hearing impairment (p = 0.212). Poor attention and poor academic performance were rarely found. After 2 weeks of treatment, majority of patients in Topical, Systemic and Topical Systemic Combined Group had a successful resolution (92.1%, 95.4% and 94.7%) with no significant difference among the groups (p = 0.641). Time taken for resolution was almost similar among the groups with mean resolution time being 2 weeks (p = 0.313). Difference among the groups regarding hearing impairment was evident with highest impairment being in the Topical and the lowest in the combined group (p = 0.048). Among groups, topical and systemic group had higher improvement of hearing threshold than topical, systemic combined group (p=0.024). The groups were no different with respect to treatment failure (p = 0.595)

Conclusions: The study concluded that there was no significant difference in outcome in three modalities of treatment - topical, systemic and topical-systemic combined. So only topical antibiotics will do suffice in the treatment of CSOM, unless there is no sign of complications (like fever and/or pain).

Ibrahim Cardiac Med J 2014; 4(1): 27-32
Number needed to treat for interleukin inhibitors approved for the treatment of moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis in Italy
Authors: Ravasio Roberto , Costanzo Antonio , Antonelli Silvia , Maiorino Alessia , Losi Serena
Published: April 2021

Background: Interleukin (IL) inhibitors achieve greater levels of efficacy than older systemic therapies. We calculated the number needed to treat (NNT) of ixekizumab compared with other IL inhibitors approved in Italy for the treatment of moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis.

Methods: The clinical efficacy was evaluated in terms of NNT, based on the results of a recent network meta-analysis (NMA) by the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. The NMA investigated many systemic and biological treatments, but this analysis compared only the efficacy of the following IL inhibitors – brodalumab, guselkumab, ixekizumab, risankizumab, secukinumab, tildrakizumab and ustekinumab – for patients with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis. Drugs were compared and ranked according to effectiveness considering the PASI (Psoriasis Area and Severity Index) 90 score.

Results: One-hundred and forty trials (51,749 patients) were included in the NMA. Considering the proportion of patients who achieve PASI90, ixekizumab showed the lowest NNT among all comparators (ixekizumab 2.01 [2.46-3.00]; risankizumab 2.05 [2.50-3-05]; guselkumab 2.16 [2.68-3.36]; secukinumab 2.40 [2.90-3.51]; brodalumab 2.61 [3.18-3.88]; ustekinumab 3.44 [4.12-4.95]; tildrakizumab 3.10 [4.15-5.59].

Conclusion: The findings show that ixekizumab is the most effective option (NNT) for the treatment of moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis.
Plantar fascia loading at different running speed: a dynamic finite element model prediction
Authors: Chen Tony Lin-Wei , Wong Duo Wai-Chi , Wang Yan , Zhang Ming
Published: April 2021

Loads on the plantar fascia could be influenced by running speed and relate to its pathology. This study calculated and compared plantar fascia strains under different running speed conditions using a dynamic finite element foot model and computational simulations. The model was previously validated featuring twenty bones, bulk soft tissue, muscles/ligaments, and a solid part of plantar fascia. A runner performed running trials under one preferred speed (PS), two lower (PS - 10% and PS - 20%) and two higher (PS + 10% and PS + 20%) speed conditions. The movement data were processed to drive musculoskeletal modelling and calculated boundary/loading conditions for the subsequent finite element analyses. The results show that peak strains of the plantar fascia increased with increasing running speed. From PS – 20% to PS + 20%, peak strain in the proximal and distal fascia regions increased by 96.78% and 58.89% respectively. Running speed could directly affect plantar fascia loading, which should be considered in running regimens and rehabilitation programmes. However, prescribing speed control for runners is worth pondering as it influences the trade-off between maximum single-step loads and loading frequency, which in coalescence determine the risk of plantar fascia injury and warranted further investigations.
Using market mechanism to stimulate sustainable use of the non-renewable environmental resource (groundwater) in Barind Tract of Bangladesh
Authors: Das Anutosh , Kashem Sumaia , Hasan Mahamudul
Published: April 2021

Agriculture, the main economic driver of Barind Tract, is highly dependent on groundwater for surface water paucity in the area. Notwithstanding, farmers use water capriciously due to its low price that makes a substantial drop in the water table. In this context, the research attempts to determine a market-based water pricing mechanism to encourage an optimal use of the scarce non-renewable resource. Required data was collected by questionnaire survey, Focus Group Discussion (FGD), Contingent Valuation Method, expert-opinion survey and subsequent literature works. The results reveal that depletion level has arrived at 20, 11, 7.5 feet in high, mid and low tract respectively over the last 22 years, which results in a number of economic-environmental externalities in the area. The research monetarily evaluated the cost of externalities and incorporated it with the marginal cost of extraction to increase efficiency of an existing pricing system. Regarding human reaction to price elasticity, the new price can be a reliable attempt to reduce an overconsumption pattern of water. Quantity of consumed water can be reduced to 14190.4 m3, 17759.59 m3 and 38510.6 m3 in a year in high, mid and low tract area respectively with its implementation. The research will serve as an initiative to conserve the valuable groundwater resource for future generations by managing consumer practice.
Uso de plantas como alternativa aos agrodefensivos sintéticos no cultivo de orgânicos em Goiás
Authors: Batista Vitória Pereira , Marques Mônica Lau da Silva , Jesus Jéssica Maria Israel de , Vale Luís Sergio Rodrigues , Rosa Eliane Vieira , Felix Marta Jubielle Dias , Marques Estelita , Santos Wanderson Moreira dos , Martins Adriana Lau da Silva , Marques Valter dos Santos
Published: April 2021

Um dos principais desafios da agricultura sustentável é o controle de doenças, pragas e plantas invasoras. Diante disso, o atual estudo teve como objetivo realizar uma revisão de literatura sobre o uso de plantas como alternativa aos agrodefensivos sintéticos no cultivo orgânico em Goiás. Os defensivos naturais como o uso de plantas foram gradualmente supridos pelos sintéticos, porém recentemente, há um interesse crescente em produtos naturais para controle de doenças. O mercado de alimentos orgânicos em Goiás ainda é introvertido, porém registra desenvolvimento na produção e procura nos últimos dez anos. O trabalhador rural possui interesse em produzir alimentos sem utilizar agrotóxicos. A metodologia trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica com delineamento exploratório-descritivo de caráter qualitativo. Constata-se que o uso de plantas como alternativas aos agrodefensivos são de suma importância para os agricultores, uma vez que as plantas dispõem de uma grande eficiência no confronto aos diferentes patógenos e aumenta a viabilidade do produtor. Sendo assim, considera-se que o seu uso é uma alternativa aos agrodefensivos sintéticos no desenvolvimento de produtos orgânicos na agricultura é uma estratégia ecologicamente apropriada.
Fechamento de capital e sua relação com as práticas de gerenciamento de resultados
Authors: Cordeiro Júnior Edson Carlos , Lopes Fernanda Cristina Costa , Rogers Pablo
Published: April 2021

Este estudo pretende explicar duas temáticas importantes e conexas para o mercado de capitais nacional: gerenciamento de resultado e deslistagem. Isto se deve a uma tentativa de encontrar padrões que expliquem a importância da qualidade da informação contábil e que auxiliem os gestores e stakeholders quanto às possíveis tomadas de decisões sobre o mercado. Este artigo pretende alcançar seu objetivo ao relacionar gerenciamento de resultados e deslistagem. Para isso, primeiramente foi feita uma regressão baseada no modelo de Kang e Sivaramakrishnan (1995), para se mensurar os accruals discricionários como proxy de gerenciamento de resultados. Em termos significativos, este artigo encontrou relação das variáveis de controle tamanho e endividamento com o gerenciamento de resultados e, consequentemente, com a qualidade da informação contábil, alinhando-se a literatura existente. Porém, não foi possível identificar na amostra estudada significância entre gerenciamento de resultados e deslistagem.
Amniotic membrane applied to burns healing: Pre-clinical study
Authors: Amorim Fernanda Cláudia Miranda , Arisawa Emilia Ângela Loschiavo , Sant’Anna Luciana Barros , Fonseca Khetyma Moreira , Costa Davidson Ribeiro , Rodrigues Ana Beatriz Mendes , Carvalho Jancineide Oliveira de
Published: April 2021

This preclinical study aimed to evaluate the tissue repair process of burns treated with human amniotic membrane (hAM) patches in rats. Twenty-four rats were subjected to superficial burns of partial thickness, and randomly allocated into two groups: Control and Treated Group, subdivided into two experimental periods of 7th and 14th days. The lesions were evaluated by digitalized images (macroscopy) and by the analysis of histological sections stained in H&E to quantify the number of inflammatory cells and fibroblasts present in the different experimental times (histomorphometry). The histomorphometric analyses were performed blindly. Statistical analysis employed Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Mann Whitney tests, with 95% confidence interval at 5% significance level (p <0.05). Macroscopically, the lesions of Treated group presented a crust formation before Control Group, and there were no signs of infection in both groups. Microscopically, the qualitative analysis showed a faster evolution in the healing process of the Treated groups compared to the Control, with reduction of the inflammatory infiltrate, intense fibroblasts proliferation and better organization of the collagen fibers. The quantitative analysis showed statistically significant results regarding the reduction of inflammatory cells (p<0.0001) at 7th and 14 th day and increased proliferation of fibroblasts at 14th day (p<0.0001) in lesions treated with hAM compared to Control group. The results of this preclinical study demonstrated that the application of hAM patches reduces the inflammatory process and accelerates the onset of the proliferative phase in burn injuries.
Políticas públicas, economicidade e judicialização da saúde
Authors: Oliveira Jordan Barnard Fernandes de , Tavares Everkley Magno Freire , Costa João Bosco Araújo da
Published: April 2021

O fenômeno da judicialização da saúde fez crescer o número de demandas levadas à apreciação dos órgãos judiciais em todo o Brasil. No município de Mossoró/RN, a população busca o Poder Judiciário para ver garantido seu direito à realização de procedimentos cirúrgicos de toda natureza, como é o caso, por exemplo, das cirurgias eletivas. O presente trabalho objetivou compreender os fatores que levam à judicialização, mesmo nos casos em que o procedimento cirúrgico é oferecido através do Sistema Único de Saúde. Utilizando a metodologia quali-quantitativa, e a partir do estudo realizado em 45 processos judiciais em trâmite nas Varas da Fazenda Pública de Mossoró/RN, além de entrevistas com profissionais atuantes. A pesquisa verificou a ocorrência de má gestão do dinheiro público quando, podendo aplicar alternativas de economicidade, o ente público municipal deixa que os juízes bloqueiem verba pública para custeio de procedimentos sem baratear os serviços. O estudo minucioso em quarenta e cinco processos judiciais, através de pesquisa quali-quantitativa, revelou a judicialização por serviços já fornecidos, além de procedimentos não contemplados nas políticas públicas de saúde, concessão desenfreada e ausência de um padrão no procedimento adotado entre os juízes atuantes nos processos judiciais.
A Síndrome de Burnout e suas repercussões no cotidiano de trabalho do enfermeiro
Authors: Barcellos Ruy de Almeida , Lucena Maria Angélica Gazzana de , Vieira Juliana Langendorf da Costa
Published: April 2021

Objetivo: Identificar as principais manifestações da Síndrome de Burnout em Enfermeiros Intensivistas. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo realizado através da aplicação do Inventário de Burnout de Maslach (MBI). Realizou-se em três Unidades de Terapia Intensiva adulto e uma neonatal de uma instituição hospitalar filantrópica de grande porte. Participaram da pesquisa dezoito enfermeiros que desenvolvem atividades nas unidades participantes. Resultados: A população pesquisada se mostrou motivada e satisfeita com o trabalho, reconhecendo a importância do trabalho que realizam. Conclusão: Os resultados obtidos permitiram constatar que, apesar do trabalho ser considerado extenuante e existir indícios de esgotamento por parte dos profissionais, não houve uma grande carga de exaustão profissional.
Indicadores epidemiológicos da hanseníase em Sergipe: Um olhar direcionado para os Determinantes Sociais da Saúde
Authors: Siqueira Thayane Santos , Celestino Ariel Oliveira , Santos Alexrangel Henrique Cruz , Souza Mariana do Rosário , Santos Amanda Francielle , Barbosa Luciene , Silva José Rodrigo Santos
Published: April 2021

O este estudo visa analisar a tendência-temporal da hanseníase em Sergipe e sua correlação com os determinantes sociais da saúde. Trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico, do tipo ecológico de série temporal, com abordagens descritivas. No estudo serão utilizados os dados do Sistema Nacional de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN) do Ministério da Saúde, relativos ao período de 2007 a 2017.Foram selecionados trêsindicadores epidemiológicos: os coeficientes de casos novos de hanseníase na população geral, em menores de 15 anos e o os casos novos com grau II de incapacidade física, esses foram sujeitos a regressão polinomial. As variáveis independentes foram distribuídas em trêscategorias: Categoria socioeconômica; demográfica e de assistência à saúde, tais variáveis foram correlacionadas estatisticamente através da análise de correlação de Spearman (Significância de 5%). Para variáveis qualitativas procedeu-se com a categorização dos dados e obtenção das respectivas frequências e percentuais. Em relação à análise descritiva da hanseníase ocorreu um maior predomínio dos homens (51%), indivíduos com ensino médio incompleto (52,63%­), morando na zona urbana (74,36%), pertencentes a raça indígena, negra e parda (78%). Em relação as características clínicas (50%) dos indivíduos eram multibacilares. Observou-se uma tendência decrescente para os coeficientes de casos novos de hanseníase na população geral (APC -5,54 e p<0,000) e em menores de 15 anos (APC -5,57 e p< 0,004). Em relação aos indicadores socioeconômicos, a razão de renda, a renda per capita, o esgotamento sanitário e o índice de Gini apresentaram uma correlação positiva com os três indicadores de monitoramento da hanseníase.
Different environmental drivers influence the reproduction of a tropical sponge (Tedania ignis) along a latitudinal gradient
Authors: Lanna E , Santos D , Carvalho V , Vilela B , Santos GG , Skinner LF , Segal B , Carraro JL , Pinheiro U
Published: April 2021

The life history of marine invertebrates is intrinsically related to the environmental conditions of their habitats. However, the effect of environmental factors on life history traits, e.g. reproduction, is poorly understood due to difficulties in cultivating these animals in controlled conditions. Natural experiments, using latitudinal gradients, provide an alternative to better understand this relationship. We investigated the effect of environmental factors on some aspects of the reproduction of Tedania ignis (Porifera, Demospongiae) along a latitudinal gradient in the Western Atlantic Ocean (WAO). We assessed the predicted trade-off between size and fecundity and biogeographical patterns in some of the life history traits of this sponge species. Except for the southernmost population, all populations of T. ignis reproduced aperiodically, but their reproductive dynamics were modulated by different sets of environmental factors. Therefore, this trait seems to be a physiological adaptation to local conditions. Nonetheless, the species reproduced mainly when the temperature was above 21°C, which could be a factor limiting its distribution along the tropical WAO. We did not detect any trade-off between size and quantity of oocytes and larvae in this species. A possible explanation is that the species invests low energy in offspring in a given period, resulting in a low but continuous reproductive effort, independently of the environmental conditions. These findings will be important to support management plans, as this species is a potential target for obtaining biotechnological natural products.