bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kesejahteraan Psikologis pada Penderita Kusta di Sumberglagah Kec. Pacet. Kab. Mojokerto
Authors: Jainudin Jainudin , Astuti Fidia
Published: February 2022

Lepra atau kusta adalah penyakit infeksi yang kronis yang dampaknya adalah kecacatan dan keterbatasan. Dengan kondisi tersebut memunculkan berbagai masalah pada diri penderita secara psikologis, penderita akan mendaptkan diskriminasi dan stigma dari masyrakat, namun penderita tetap merasa berbesar hati dan menerima keadaan diri sebagai manusia dihadapan Tuhan adalah sama.  Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran psychological well-being pada penderita Kusta di Sumber Glagah Mojokerto. Subjek penelitian ini adalah sebanyak 3 informan penderita kusta, informan yang digunakan sebagai subjek dalam penelitian ditentukan berdasarkan karakteristik yang ditetapkan oleh peneliti. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Instrumen dalam penelitian ini adalah pedoman observasi dan pedoman wawancara. Dimensi yang diteliti meliputi penerimaan diri, hubungan posotif dengan orang lain, kemandirian, penguasaan lingkungan, tujuan hidup dan pertumbuhan personal. Data yang didapatkan selanjutnya dianalisis melewati beberapa tahap reduksi, penyajian data dan dilanjutkan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa diawal terjadinya secara klinis dari penyakit kusta ini adalah terlihat pada kulit penderita kusta diantaranya makula berwarna keputihan, rambut alis rontok, kelumpuhan pada kulit muka, terjadi penebalan dikulit muka dan hidup seperti pelana. Masalah yang muncul lainnya adalah setelah subjek didiagnosa kusta maka akan mengalami penurunan kepercayaan diri, merasa malu, kehilangan harapan, dan memiliki harga diri rendah. Diungkap juga semua subjek sebagai anteseden menurunnya kesejahteraan psikologi mereka. Sedangkan peningkatan kesejahteraan psikologis yang menarik di sini adalah terungkap bahwa dimensi penerimaan diri sebagai dimensi pertama yang membantu subjek dalam mencapai dimensi – dimensi kesejahteraan psikologi yang lainnya, yaitu huhungan positif dengan orang lain, kemadirian, penguasaan lingkungan, tujuan hidup dan pertumbuhan personal. Keenam dimensi ini muncul secara tidak bersama – sama, tetapi temuanya sesuai dengan gambaran dimensi.
Análisis relacional del perfil de egreso del bachillerato general unificado y la oferta académica de la carrera de Pedagogía en Ciencias Experimentales Informática
Authors: Cabascango-Trávez Gladys , Pérez-Narváez Omar , Guaña-Moya Javier , Salgado-Reyes Nelson
Published: February 2022

En el transcurso de la secundaria los estudiantes ecuatorianos se presentan al examen Ser Bachiller, componente que permite el acceso a la educación superior, es por ello que la presente investigación se enfocó en conocer los factores que inciden en la relación del perfil de egreso de los estudiantes de Bachillerato General Unificado (BGU) para el ingreso a la Carrera de Pedagogía en Ciencias Experimentales de la Informática de la Facultad de Filosofía Letras y Ciencias de la Educación en la Universidad Central del Ecuador. Se ejecutó una investigación no experimental, con enfoque de campo, de nivel descriptivo mediante la metodología cuantitativa se tomó datos; además se realizó un test, mismo que trabajó con los estudiantes que ingresan a la carrera como informantes esenciales y se procesó datos mediante el software estadístico SPSS 23. Entre los principales hallazgos se evidenció que los estudiantes graduados bajo el programa de estudio del BGU evidencia ciertas falencias ante las exigencias del perfil de ingreso que requiere la Universidad Central del Ecuador, además que las habilidades y destrezas adquiridas por los estudiantes del BGU son elementales, y las expectativas que los estudiantes alcancen el nivel de logro excelente es escaso; disminuyendo las posibilidades de ingreso a la educación superior.
Factores de riesgos y severidad de sus consecuencias en la operación y mantenimiento de equipos de industrias manufactureras ecuatorianas
Authors: Redrobán Cristian , Tenicota-GarcÍa Alex , Calderón-Freire Edisson Fernando
Published: February 2022

En el funcionamiento de los equipos industriales se ve inmersa la manifestación de factores de riesgos desde su diseño hasta la etapa de finalización de la vida útil con consecuencias diversas. El objetivo de la investigación persigue el estudio de los factores de riesgos y severidad de sus consecuencias en la operación y mantenimiento de equipos de industrias manufactureras ecuatorianas. Para el detalle de los factores de riesgo del sector manufacturero del país vs. la severidad de sus consecuencias, se recopilaron datos de matrices de riesgo. Los casos de estudio específicos fueron asociados con las causas de fallas más comunes registradas en equipos giratorios, mecánicos, eléctricos, de seguridad y control según ISO 14224:2016. El análisis de las causas básicas o inmediatas asociaron consecuencias significativas mediante la aplicación del árbol de causas y la agrupación de acciones preventivas. Como resultado del estudio se identificaron los métodos de detección acorde con las muestras de factores de riesgo y mecanismos de fallas registradas con mayor número de casos con consecuencias en la producción, seguridad y operacionales, mientras que las capacitaciones y actividades de mejora del entorno para consecuencias en la seguridad y protección medioambiental. La relación de las muestras provenientes de historiales de operación y mantenimiento de equipos con factores de riesgo en común, responden a un estadístico con 2 grados de libertad, alfa 0,05 y referencia de 5,99, que según la prueba Ji cuadrado se notan acciones de prevención suficientes para evitar o minimizar fallas con consecuencias significativas.
ANÁLISE DA EVOLUÇÃO TECNOLÓGICA DA TAIPA DE PILÃO CONTEMPORÂNEA
Authors: Mendes Ludmila Cardoso Fagundes , Bessa Sofia Araújo Lima
Published: February 2022

Presente em diferentes culturas, a taipa de pilão é uma técnica milenar. Com a industrialização e o descobrimento de novas tecnologias e materiais, a taipa de pilão caiu em decadência. Porém, as preocupações com a escassez de recursos naturais, levaram à necessidade de investimento em construções sustentáveis, o que resgatou práticas construtivas antigas. O objetivo deste artigo é analisar, nas publicações dos últimos 10 anos, a evolução tecnológica da taipa de pilão, enquanto material e sistema construtivo. Os estudos recentes sobre taipa buscam a obtenção de misturas que garantam melhorias nas propriedades físico-mecânicas. Observa-se, também, uma busca por técnicas que aumentem a produtividade da taipa e a qualidade das edificações. Apesar das mudanças tecnológicas, com adição do cimento (como estabilizante) em larga escala e pelo uso de mecanização na compactação, a taipa de pilão ainda pode ser considerada uma alternativa de baixo impacto ambiental quando comparada com as tecnologias convencionais.
ANALYSIS OF CD80- AND CD86-EXPRESSING B-LYMPHOCYTE LEVELS IN THE BLOOD OF WOMEN WITH LOCALLY ADVANCED TRIPLENEGATIVE BREAST CANCER
Authors: Salgado Amanda Forte Mendes Tejo , Kerstenetzky Maria Eduarda Borges , Melquiades Vitoria Ferreira David , Salgado Marcelo Ramos Tejo , Torres Leuridan Cavalcante
Published: February 2022

Objective: To assess the levels of CD80 and CD86-expressing B lymphocytes in the blood of women with locally advanced triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Methods: This is a prospective and exploratory cohort study involving 30 women with TNBC and 30 healthy controls, conducted in 2018–2019. Peripheral blood collection was performed prior to chemotherapy. Immunophenotyping of B lymphocytes and CD80 and CD86 molecules was performed by flow cytometry. Women were evaluated for the degree of pathological response to chemotherapy and divided into groups with full (RC) or partial (RP) pathological response. Nonparametric Mann–Whitney U-test was used for comparison between two groups. Values of p<0.05 were considered statistically significant. Analyses were performed using Graphpad v7.0 software. Results: We analyzed 30 patients with locally advanced TNBC. The age of the patients ranged from 27 to 59 years, and median age was 44.5 years (35.5–51.7). Regarding menopausal status, 62.1% were premenopausal and 37.9% postmenopausal. Regarding the nuclear grade, 63% of the tumors were grade 3, followed by 27% grade 2. In relation to the clinical stage, 30% were in stage IIIA, 63.4% stage IIIB, and 6.6% stage IIIC. In the evaluation of response to neoadjuvant treatment, 56.7% of patients had complete pathological response, and 43.3% had partial response. TNBC patients had high levels of CD86 + B lymphocytes when compared with controls (p <0.0001). Regarding total B and CD80 + B levels—no significant differences were observed between the groups. In the analysis of CD86 and CD80 expression and total B cell levels, no significant differences were observed between the RC and RP groups. Conclusion: This study showed that the immune system of patients with TNBC can regulate costimulatory molecules in circulating B cells, probably in response to the disease.
IZRUČENJE SLOBODANA MILOŠEVIĆA HAŠKOM TRIBUNALU 28. JUNA 2001. I VOJSKA JUGOSLAVIJE
Authors: Dimitrijević Bojan
Published: February 2022

Slobodan Milošević, bivši predsednik Savezne Republike Jugoslavije i Republike Srbije, predat je organima Haškog tribunala 28. juna 2001. godine. On je helikopterom Resora državne bezbednosti prebačen iz Beograda do Tuzle, gde je u pratnji predstavnika tribunala produžio za Hag. U članku se opisuju aktivnosti Vojske Jugoslavije, odnosno Ratnog vazduhoplovstva i protivvazdušne odbrane tokom popodneva tog dana, koje su mogle da imaju svrhu da spreče Miloševićevo izručenje. Osnovu članka čini neobjavljena originalna dokumentacija Vojske Jugoslavije i drugih institucija, u koju je autor po službenoj dužnosti imao uvid, kao i objavljena sećanja aktera tog događaja.
SUSRET SA KRALJEM – POSETA KRALJA PETRA II KARAĐORĐEVIĆA SEVERNOJ AMERICI I JUGOSLOVENSKI ISELJENICI
Authors: Đikanović Vesna
Published: February 2022

Godine Drugog svetskog rata stavile su odnos jugoslovenske države i iseljenika u Americi u novi kontekst. Nasleđene suprotnosti, novi izazovi nastali kao posledica vesti koje su stizale iz okupirane Jugoslavije, delovanje jugoslovenskih političara u emigraciji, ispunjavali su i uticali na odnose unutar iseljeničke zajednice, kao i na odnos različitih iseljeničkih grupa prema jugoslovenskoj vladi i jugoslovenskoj državi. Poseta kralja Petra II Karađorđevića Severnoj Americi 1942. godine, prevashodno organizovana u pravcu jačanja savezništva sa SAD i otvaranja prostora za nove oblike saradnje, uključivala je i susrete sa iseljeničkom zajednicom u cilju prevazilaženja ovih podela ali i obezbeđivanja njihove podrške ratnim naporima stare domovine. Postavljeni ciljevi, tok kao i konačni ishodi i rezultati posete kralja Petra II u kontekstu odnosa sa iseljeničkom zajednicom u Severnoj Americi predmet su analize ovog rada.
História da Escola SEI - Serviço de Educação Integral em Dourados–MS: A voz da comunidade escolar
Authors: Alexandre Braz Luana Tainah , Pires Suzana Santos , Sarat Magda
Published: February 2022

O presente artigo propõe compreender a instituição escolar como um espaço capaz de proporcionar múltiplas experiências, e também refletir sobre o modo como a estrutura da escola está relacionada ao desenvolvimento social, político e pessoal dos indivíduos em sociedade. Assim, consideramos a história e a memória de uma instituição escolar, desde sua infraestrutura até os espaços educativos mais subjetivos, e as relações estabelecidas com seus participadores. Para tanto, elegemos a Escola Serviço de Educação Integral - SEI, fundada em 1980 e até o presente continua atuante na História da Educação do município de Dourados e região. Metodologicamente realizamos leituras de referências desta temática, coleta e análise documental nos arquivos da escola, tal como o uso da técnica de entrevistas por meio da história oral, com indivíduos que atuaram/atua ou estabelecem algum tipo de relação com a trajetória da instituição, no intuito de mapear a trajetória da referida escola como lugar físico, social e também compreender, o que ela representa para o campo da educação nestes quase 40 anos de formação. Compreendemos que o conceito de instituição, a partir do cotidiano da Escola SEI e dos relatos obtidos, abarca uma escola responsável e preocupada com uma formação de qualidade para as gerações e vem construindo um legado histórico, familiar e social pois na percepção da escola o que educa não é só o lado instrucional, mas também o progresso pessoal e social de cada indivíduo que por ali passa.
Democracy and participation: changes and challenges in Bolsonaro’s government— analyzing brazilian federal decree 9.759/2019
Authors: Farranha Ana Claudia , Bataglia Murilo Borsio Bataglia Borsio , De Paula Ana Paula Paes
Published: February 2022

Este trabalho busca analisar os impactos do Decreto 9.759/2019 na participação em órgãos deliberativos governamentais. O decreto foi editado pelo governo Bolsonaro no Brasil, extinguindo estruturas participativas. Posteriormente, outros órgãos foram recriados, reduzindo a participação de representantes da sociedade civil. Diante disso, questiona-se: quais impactos essa mudança gera para democracia brasileira? É possível identificar um novo papel para as instituições na participação política sem o debate democrático? Quais seriam as motivações deste decreto? Para isso, este artigo apresenta principais pontos sobre essa norma - órgãos extintos e recriados, as críticas dos movimentos sociais sobre esse contexto, e a ação judicial que questionou essa alteração. Utilizou-se de revisão bibliográfica, análise documental, e coleta de dados sobre os órgãos participativos. O artigo conclui que o processo engendrado pelo decreto gera prejuízos para a democracia participativa no Brasil.
Методические рекомендации по проведению судебно-автороведческих экспертиз
Authors: Изотова Т. , Крюк Е. , Кузнецов В. , Плотникова А. , Бердникова Т. , Заварыкина А. , Крюк Е. , Михалева Н.
Published: February 2022

В настоящем издании изложены организационно-правовые, теоретические основы судебно-автороведческой экспертизы, а также методические рекомендации по проведению данного рода судебных экспертиз.
El Lope de Aguirre de Torrente Ballester. Una representación falangista de la revolución española
Authors: Prendes Guardiola Manuel
Published: February 2022

Analiza la biografía y el drama dedicados por el escritor español Gonzalo Torrente Ballester al conquistador rebelde Lope de Aguirre. Pese a la ruptura del autor con el drama histórico conservador y a la complejidad con que retrata a su héroe, se considera poco importante su carga crítica con el franquismo, defendida por algunos estudiosos. Destaca en cambio cómo ambas obras se atienen a la visión franquista de las fuerzas republicanas y socialistas derrotadas en la reciente guerra civil. Sostiene esta interpretación en la estructura y varios fragmentos clave de las obras, y en la comparación con otros textos críticos y literarios de Torrente en aquella época, además de con dos importantes novelas falangistas de esa época: Eugenio o la proclamación de la primavera de Rafael García Serrano y Madrid de corte a checa de Agustín de Foxá.
"En ningún lugar lengua materna”: Sylvia Molloy y el (latinoamericano) vivir entre lenguas
Authors: Gasparini Pablo
Published: February 2022

En Vivir entre lenguas, Sylvia Molloy (2016) compone una serie de escenas autobiográficas signadas por su relación con las lenguas de su entorno familiar “argentino” (el castellano, el inglés y el francés) resignificadas luego en sus escrituras e investigaciones literarias desarrolladas en ámbitos académicos fuertemente internacionalizados. Este trabajo propone leer esta travesía territorial y lingüística en un espectro mayor, el de la alteridad lingüística constitutiva de América Latina. En este sentido, destacamos tanto las condiciones contextuales glotopolíticas subyacentes a la forma en que la autora dice relacionarse con sus lenguas, como las dinámicas territorializantes del “shibboleth”, figura utilizada por Molloy en su ensayo/narración para representar las coerciones políticas y lingüísticas que suelen acompañar los procesos migratorios y fronterizos. Por último, se analiza la manera en que la escritura ensayística permitiría hacer de la experiencia translingüística una posibilidad de escribir y pensar sobre la propia vida.
Agradecimientos: textos-umbral entre Argentina y Brasil
Authors: Vidal Paloma
Published: February 2022

Con el objetivo de pensar los tránsitos lingüísticos y generacionales entre las literaturas argentina y brasileña contemporáneas, el trabajo aborda los agradecimientos de mis tres novelas –Algum lugar (2009), Mar azul (2012) y Pré-história (2020)– como "textos-umbral", textos fronterizos que ligan el afuera y el adentro de un libro, su textualidad y su circulación, en una trama que es a la vez simbólica, retórica, biográfica y cultural.
Sobre El fetiche de la carta y los polémicos tiempos modernos. El epistolario de César Moro a Emilio Adolfo Westphalen (1939-1955)
Authors: Morales Pino Luz Ainai
Published: February 2022

Reseña del libro de Yolanda Westphalen Rodríguez analiza la correspondencia de Cesar Moro a Emilio Adolfo Westphlen durante su estadía en México. El texto da claves fundamentales para una teorización del género epistolar y las escrituras del yo desde una perspectiva latinoamericana y latinoamericanista, en tanto plantea la ausencia de estudios sobre dichos géneros en la región; al tiempo que crea las condiciones de posibilidad para otras reflexiones sobre la modernidad latinoamericana a partir de una figura liminal como la de Moro. El valor del libro radica tanto en el aporte que representa en términos metodológicos, como en la forma en que acerca la obra de Moro al lector latinoamericano y favorece su incorporación dentro de las historizaciones de nuestras literaturas, la cual había sido ambivalente debido a la elección del francés como idioma. Asimismo, el texto da claves para una mirada compleja sobre el campo intelectual latinoamericano del periodo.
Analisis Pengaruh Religiositas, Pendapatan, dan Sikap Terhadap Minat Membayar Zakat Masyarakat Muslim Kabupaten Semarang Dengan Pengetahuan Sebagai Variabel Moderating
Authors: Nugraheni Nio Okta , Muthohar Ahmad Mifdlol
Published: February 2022

 

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh religiositas, pendapatan, dan sikap, dengan pengetahuan sebagai variabel moderating, berpengaruh baik secara simultan ataupun parsial terhadap minat membayar zakat masyarakat muslim kabupaten semarang. Penelitian ini termasuk ke dalam jenis penelitian kuantitatif. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan populasi masyarakat muslim Kabupaten Semarang. Dengan teknik pengambilan sampel purposive sampling, dan diambil sampel sejumlah 100 responden. Sedangkan dalam teknik analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah dengan teknik deskriptif, serta teknik pengujian hipotesis dengan menggunakan analisis regresi linierberganda. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: religiositas (X1) tidak berpengaruh terhadap minat masyarakat muslim Kabupaten Semarang untuk membayar zakat. Pendapatan (X2) berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap minat masyarakat muslim Kabupaten Semarang untuk membayar zakat. Sikap (X3) tidak berpengaruh terhadap minat masyarakat muslim Kabupaten Semarang untuk membayar zakat. Religiositas di moderasi oleh pengetahuan (X1xZ) dan pengetahuan mempengaruhi religiositas terhadap minat membayar zakat masyarakat muslim Kabupaten Semarang. Pendapatan di moderasi oleh pengetahuan (X2xZ) serta pengetahuan mempengaruhi pendapatan terhadap minat membayar zakat masyarakat muslim Kabupaten Semarang. Sikap di moderasi oleh pengetahuan (X3xZ) dan pengetahuan mempengaruhi sikap terhadap minat membayar zakat masyarakat muslim Kabupaten Semarang.

Kata kunci: Pengetahuan, Pendapatan, Sikap, Religiositas, Minat Membayar Zakat.
Analisis Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Keputusan Pembelian Melalui Online Shop di Kota Medan
Authors: Syah Nurul Hasanah
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh langsung dan tidak langsung variabel periklanan, kualitas produk, harga dan tingkat kepercayaan terhadap keputusan pembelian melalui online shop di kota Medan. Metode dalam penelitian ini digunakan yaitu pendekatan kuantitatif dengan menggunakan analisis jalur dengan model regresi linier berganda didukung dengan uji model dan uji statistik dengan menggunakan bantuan program SPSS versi 17. Temuan hasil penelitian menunjukkan pada model struktural 1 secara serempak bahwa sekitar 72,1% variabel periklanan, kualitas produk, tingkat kepercayaan dan harga mempengaruhi keputusan pembelian melalui online shop di kota Medan, sedangkan 27,9% dijelaskan oleh faktor-faktor lain. Pada model struktural 2 secara serempak bahwa sekitar 56,6% variabel periklanan, kualitas produk dan harga mempengaruhi tingkat kepercayaan sedangkan 43,4% dijelaskan oleh faktor-faktor lain. Hasil uji signifikansi pengaruh tidak langsung menunjukkan adanya pengaruh tidak langsung dari variabel kualitas produk terhadap keputusan pembelian online melalui tingkat kepercayaan secara signifikan.

 

 
Design And Analysis Performance of Liquid Petroleum Gases System in Residential Building; Review
Authors: Farouq Amna Amir , Al-Obaidi Basim H. K.
Published: February 2022

Liquefied petroleum gases (LPG) consist of hydrocarbons obtained by refining crude oil, either from propane or butane or a mixture of the two. There are often other components such as propylene, butylene or other hydrocarbons, but they are not the main component. The study aims to review previous studies dealing with designing an LPG system to deliver gas to residential campuses and buildings. LPG is extracted from natural gas NG by several processes, passing through fractionation towers and then pressuring into CNG storage tanks. Gas contains several problems, including gas leakage through the pipes and leads to fires or explosions in LPG storage and distribution tanks, so safety conditions were taken in the design and implementation. The major results are the gas leak detector showed that rapid response to gas leakage sense, so it is recommended to place the device at a distance of 0.6-2 meters from the gas source and at a distance of 0.2 to 1 meter above the ground, and the major conclusion is new techniques for using hardware and software components must be demonstrated again that can be applied to models to show fast and effective results.
Central venous oxygen saturation as the predictor of the outcome from mechanical ventilation
Authors: Bhat Imtiyaz Ahmad , Bashir Farhana , Javed Iqbal Naqeshbandi  , Malla Mohmmad Sadiq
Published: February 2022

Background: Central venous oxygen saturation is being currently studied and used to guide extubation in patients on ventilator for more than 48 h.
Aims and Objectives: The aim of our study was to compare chances of extubation failure after mechanical ventilation using conventional versus central venous oxygen saturation criteria for weaning from long-term mechanical ventilation.
Materials and Methods: This prospective clinical study was conducted in the Postgraduate Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, Government Medical College (GMC) Srinagar and was performed in the Surgical Intensive Care Unit at SMHS, an associated hospital of GMC Srinagar. In our study, fifty-two patients were studied out of which 25 patients were extubated by standard extubation criteria and 27 patients were extubated according to ScvO2 criteria and conventional criteria combined together.
Results: Using conventional criteria on 25 patients from 52 patients, 56% had successful weaning while 44% had failure in weaning. Here, 11% should be 44%. While adding ScvO2 criteria on 27 of 52 patients, successful weaning was in 81.48% and failure in 18.52%. With sensitivity of 95.4%, specificity of 100%, positive predictive value of 100%, negative predictive value of 83.3%, and accuracy of 96.3% with confidence interval of 95%.
Conclusion: ScvO2 criteria when added to conventional criteria help the clinician to estimate proper time for extubation and reduce the rates of reintubation.
Knowledge and practice of cervical cancer screening in general population and medical personnel: A gap to be bridged
Authors: Khatuja Ritu , Mittal Shweta , Asthana Unnati , Verma Menka , Kadian Mini
Published: February 2022

Background: Carcinoma cervix is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among women worldwide. Early diagnosis is quite beneficial as it has a long precancerous state. It is important to have a knowledge regarding the natural course of the disease and the screening methods.
Aims and Objectives: This study was conducted to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practice among women attending the outpatient department (OPD) and medical personnel.
Materials and Methods: The present cross-sectional study was carried out on 240 women, out of which 120 women were taken randomly from the OPD and 120 women were the medical personnel (doctors and nurses) of the hospital. After obtaining written informed consent from the women, a structured questionnaire was administered to collect the information.
Results: The knowledge and awareness of carcinoma cervix and its screening was 32.5% in the women of general population and 100% in the medical personnel, whereas the percentage of women undergoing the actual screening was 25% in general population and 17.5% in medical personnel. The hindrance of practice in general population was lack of knowledge, but in medical personnel, it was due to hesitation, embarrassment, lack of time, and lack of positive motivation.
Conclusion: There was a wide discrepancy in the knowledge of cervical cancer and the actual screening practices, not only in the general population but also among the medical personnel. To bridge this gap, effective information, education and communication strategies are required in both the groups to alleviate the morbidity and mortality of this grim disease.
Role of symposia to enhance active learning compared to conventional lectures among MBBS students
Authors: Usha KK  , Haseena KA  , Balakrishnan Santosh , Sathidevi VK
Published: February 2022

Background: Symposium as a large group teachinglearning method ensures active participation from students compared to conventional lectures. Competency-based curriculum lays emphasis on student-centered learning. The number of students who join medical colleges to pursue MBBS increase each year. At the same time, infrastructure and faculty strength do not change much. Though small group teaching is preferred student-centered method, other teachinglearning methods can be modified accordingly.
Aims and Objectives: To assess the effectiveness of symposium-based learning (SBL) in enhancing active learning compared to conventional lecture in Phase 1 MBBS students with a secondary assessment of student’s comparative perception of both teachinglearning methods in a teaching institution.
Materials and Methods: We selected six-core gross anatomy topics which were discussed in the dissection table prior to the sessions. Students were grouped into two by odd and even roll numbers. One group underwent SBL while the other had conventional didactic lectures (DL). The groups were crossed over after three topics. The students in both groups were assessed for knowledge retention at the end of each session by identical questionnaires. The perception of students was collected by feedback questionnaire in Likert scale. Assessment scores were compared using independent t-test.
Results: According to perception of students, active learning was improved by symposia (83.5%). Symposia also improved presentation skills (86.9%).
Conclusion: Although students believed that symposia improved active learning. Analysis of assessment scores showed no significant enhancement of active learning in students through symposia as teachinglearning method compared to DL.
Evaluation of central corneal thickness and corneal curvature in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Huda Rubina , Waris Syed Ali Nasar , Sankar Kumar T  , Panchapakesa Rajendran C
Published: February 2022

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease. It is a chronic disease that causes symmetrical deforming type of polyarthritis. Rheumatoid arthritis most commonly involves the anterior segment of the eye. It causes keratoconjunctivitis sicca, episcleritis, scleritis, sclerosing keratitis, stromal keratitis, paracentral keratolysis, and peripheral ulcerative keratitis.
Aims and Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate central corneal thickness (CCT) and corneal curvature in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. We also evaluated the association between CCT, corneal curvature, and rheumatoid arthritis severity.
Materials and Methods: A total of 49 rheumatoid arthritis patients and 49 control subjects were enrolled in this study. The study was conducted in the ophthalmology department of SRM medical college, Chennai. A detailed ophthalmological examination was performed on each subject. Dry eye evaluation was done using Shirmers test, tear breakup time, and corneal fluorescein staining. The CCT and corneal curvature were measured by ultrasonic pachymetry and auto keratorefractometer, respectively. For statistical analysis, we used chi-square test, Fisher exact test, student t-test, and ANOVA test.
Results: Mean CCT in all rheumatoid arthritis patient group eyes was 532.78±14.03 micrometers. Mean CCT in rheumatoid arthritis with dry eye was 522.3±11.10 micrometer, in rheumatoid arthritis without dry eye was 536.90±11.60 micrometer and control patients’ group was 564.80±20 micrometer respectively. The difference of CCT was found to be statistically significant (P<0.05) between rheumatoid arthritis and control eyes. Mean corneal curvature was 42.71D±2.16 in all rheumatoid arthritis patients. Mean corneal curvature was 42.7D±1.6 in rheumatoid arthritis with dry eye, 42.8D±2.5 in rheumatoid arthritis without dry eye, and 42.5D±2.1 in control eye, respectively. Our result did not show statistically significant difference in corneal curvature between the rheumatoid arthritis patients and control patients. CCT and corneal curvature were not associated with rheumatoid arthritis activity and rheumatoid arthritis duration.
Conclusion: The CCT was thinner in rheumatoid arthritis patients than control patients. In order to improve the quality of vision of rheumatoid arthritis patients, we suggest including pachymetry as a routine ophthalmic examination in them. Pachymetry will be helpful in diagnosing and guiding clinical treatment in these patients.
Study on the polymorphism of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T gene as the genetic predisposition of congenital heart disease in North Indian population
Authors: Panja Amrita , Abhinay Abhishek , Pakhira Antim Akash
Published: February 2022

Background: The etiology of congenital heart disease (CHD) is still not known properly. The variant alleles in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T gene help in elevating the serum homocysteine level which is an independent predisposing factor for generating CHD.
Aims and Objectives: The aim of the present study was to analyze the role of polymorphism of MTHFR C677T gene polymorphisms in CHD patients of Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, North India.
Materials and Methods: The present study included 36 unrelated CHD patients along with their parents. At the same time, 40 healthy control samples were included in the study. MTHFR 677 C>T genotype was identified by polymerase chain reaction followed by restriction digestion restriction fragment length polymorphism mechanism.
Results: There was a significant difference observed in MTHFR C677T gene polymorphism between the cases and controls (P<0.001). Among the different etiological factors, increased maternal age, family history, and teratogens are the major ones. Maternal MTHFR C677T genotype and periconceptional folate intake have important ascription toward CHD formation.
Conclusion: The results designate that MTHFR C677T polymorphism has a substantial association with the development and progression of CHDs. Folate supplementation might be the probable management strategy for reducing the risk of CHDs as maternal MTHFR C677T polymorphism has an important contribution.
Health effects among COVID-19 frontline health care professionals using level III personal protective equipment: A hospital-based descriptive study
Authors: Bindu CM , Reena R , Shyam AC , Vivek G , Chandrakala C , Usha SMR
Published: February 2022

Background: Global outbreak of deadly Corona virus disease has forced health care professionals of various disciplines in Hospital and community setting to use personal protective equipment (PPE) which consists of completely encapsulated suit, led the frontline health care professionals to face not only the physical discomfort but also other health consequences.
Aims and Objectives: This study is conducted to assess the physical, physiological, and psychological health consequences faced by health care workers using Level III PPE when attending COVID-19 patients.
Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted in the month of December 2020 and January 2021 amongst Medicos, Paramedicals, Nurses and other health care professionals in a tertiary care hospital attending COVID-19 duty using an online questionnaire which included sociodemographic profile, frequency of the duty, physical, physiological, psychological difficulties faced while using PPE, and the responses was recorded according to three-point Likert’s scale. Data were analyzed using suitable statistical methods with the help of SPSS V.23.
Results: A total of227 front line warriors were included in the study with 157 (69%) males, 70 (31%) females among them 121 (53%) medicos, 68 (30%) nurses, 23 (10%) paramedicals, 15 (7%) others. Majority of them that is 186 were in 21–30 years age group, 31 in 31–40 years, 10 in >41 years. 124 (55%) used PPE for 4–6 h, 84 (37%) >6 h and 19 (8%) used for <4 h. Physical symptoms are most commonly faced health consequences followed by psychological and physiological symptoms. Medicos faced more difficulty and regularly in all three health consequences comparing with nurses and others.
Conclusion: This study provides insight into various health consequences and difficulties experienced by the health care professionals while on PPE. Surveillance of the physical, physiological and psychological health consequences enroute us to prepare efficiently for future outbreaks worldwide.
Prevalence of behavioral disorders in children and early adolescent: An Eastern Indian single center study
Authors: Biswas Rupa , Biswas Payel , Das Gargi , Saha Jinia , Banerjee Shyamal , Ghosh Srijit
Published: February 2022

Background: Mental health problems evolving from early childhood to adolescent period affect the processes of adaptation and capability in adulthood.
Aims and Objectives: The study aims to study the prevalence of different types of behavioral disorders among children and early adolescents (6–12 years) and detect association between socio-demographic parameters and behavioral disorders as well as detect the behavioral problems for early treatment regarding their child’s behavioral problem.
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional retrospective study was conducted in the pediatric OPD and Adolescent Clinic of Calcutta National Medical College from March 2019 to February 2020. 176 patients were included after proper sampling and consent. Semi-structured socio-demographic profile sheet was filled up by parents. Individual child was assessed for various behavioral disorders using the Child Symptom Inventory (CSI)-4 parent questionnaire where data were collected from parents by the investigator through a single time interview.
Results: Prevalence of Anxiety disorders was highest in our study, with increased incidence in females. Autism in children was found to be associated with their low birth weight. High incidence of disruptive, impulse control and conduct disorder was seen among boys and mainly in children living with single parent and mothers working.
Conclusion: The study is based on informants’ perceptions of the children’s behavior. The study enables understanding of the behavior of children and associated contexts which is essential to make an interventional plan tailored to the needs of the child in the long run.
Vaccine hesitancy in case of under-5 vaccination in slums of Burdwan Municipality, West Bengal: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Nayak Sayantani , Das Dilip Kumar , Thakur Rupali , Banerjee Niladri
Published: February 2022

Background: There are multiple reasons for which a considerable proportion of the population remains unvaccinated, including vaccine hesitancy. Identifying the reasons behind vaccine hesitancy, especially in marginalized population, is essential.
Aims and Objectives: The aims of the study were to estimate the magnitude and determinants of vaccine hesitancy related to under-5 vaccination in slums of Burdwan Municipality, West Bengal.
Materials and Methods: A community-based descriptive study with cross-sectional design was conducted between September 2020 and January 2021 among 135 study subjects (under-5 children) selected by multistage random sampling. Data were collected by interviewing the primary caregivers of selected children using a predesigned schedule including vaccine hesitancy survey questionnaire by Strategic Advisory Group of Experts. Data analysis was done using SPSS v.20.
Results: Vaccine hesitancy was found in case of 11.9% of the study subjects. Refusal was seen in 2.2%, only in case of birth doses, whereas hesitancy due to delay was seen in 9.7% in case of MR, JE, DPT, and OPV boosters. Stated reasons for hesitancy were – “vaccine was not needed” (47.4%), “fear of needles” (31.5%), and “not able to leave other work at home” (21.1%). Caregivers of 17% of the study subjects faced difficulty from getting their child immunized mainly due to timing of the clinic and lockdown. The presence of vaccine hesitancy was not associated with sociodemographic characteristics of the child or of the caregivers.
Conclusion: Vaccine hesitancy was found to be low in the study area, it was mainly to birth doses and mostly due to lack of awareness among caregivers.
A comparative study on regional cerebral oxygen saturation and central venous oxygen saturation as predictors of outcome in patients on off-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery
Authors: Kundu Shruti , Roy Sankar , Sur Debajyoti , Biswas Arunava
Published: February 2022

Background: Off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCABG) is a common and acceptable surgery.
Aims and Objectives: The study was conducted to compare central venous oxygen saturation (ScvO2) and regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rSO2) to see which of the two is better predictor for the prognosis of patients undergoing OPCABG. Heart rate (HR), invasive blood pressures, and partial pressure of oxygen (pO2) have also been recorded to see if they are independent predictors of prognosis in OPCABG patients.
Materials and Methods: A total of 56 patients undergoing OPCABG were included in the study. Baseline values and intraoperative values of ScvO2, rSO2, HR, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), pO2 at different time periods were recorded. Post-operatively the patient was shifted to intensivecare unit (ICU) in intubated condition, and time to extubation since shifting to ICU was noted.
Results: The ScvO2 values after sternal closure (correlation coefficient r=−0.4821, P=0.0002), and on shifting to ICU (correlation coefficient r=−0.4575, P=0.0004) showed good correlation with time to extubation. Similarly, the rSO2 values after sternal closure (correlation coefficient r=−0.5198, P<0.0001) and on shifting to ICU (correlation coefficient r=−0.5498, P<0.0001) showed good correlation with time to extubation. HR SBP, DBP, MAP, pO2 individually did not show any correlation with time to extubation (P>0.05).
Conclusion: ScvO2 and rSO2 both have strong correlation with time to extubation and are capable of predicting prognosis in OPCABG patients.
How COVID pandemic may end : Co-existence is the key
Authors: Dhar Ruby , Kumar Arun , Karmakar Subhradip
Published: February 2022

It has been 2 years plus that the global pandemic has shadowed every aspect of human life. We have witnessed multiple waves of invasion by the different mutated versions of SARS-CoV-2, with each wave specific predominant symptoms and casualties. At present, we are witnessing the rage of Omicron, another mutated version of the virus, carrying 32 alterations in its spike proteins. What makes Omicron unique is its extremely high transmissibility, spreading like wildfire across the globe, with its footprints in over 90 countries infecting over several million. The high mutational burden of Omicron is perhaps the outcome of the selection pressure that this virus has been encountering while infecting its hosts. Added to that is also the effect of vaccination contributing to the emergence of different variants. What is spectacular is that Omicron is relatively less lethal than the previous variants though it contains many more alterations. This may be pointing toward a scenario of mutational exhaustion as well the status of an enhanced host immune surveillance. Under these conditions, it is conceivable that the virus will run out ofall its maximal capacity to mutate. We must accept the fact that the virus and its variants will keep on coming and time and often they might take an upper hand but over years, we will get used to this and learn ways to coexist.We must adjust our vaccine development pipelines and other risk mitigation tools to evade the risk. This has been the case with the influenza virus and it is likely that SARS-CoV-2 will follow the same. Let’s look at the other examples of this kind. How did other pandemics that affect humankind before has ended? The viruses did not go away completely, the modern H1N1, a descendent of the Spanish flu virus, circulates as H3N2 even today. Humans did not completely develop a herd immunity and knocked it off. That simply did not happen. Rather, the viruses became endemic and we will learn to live together. Both sides will develop safety nets so that none affects the other beyond a point of mutual coexistence. A better infectious agent evolves to ensure the survival of its host so that it can sustain itself without killing it. SARS-CoV-2 seems getting educated along these lines too. SARS-CoV-2 evolution to Omicron is perhaps a step in that direction.
Reflection of Socio-Economic and Cultural Turmoil of 1940s and 1950s in Short Stories of Manik Bandopadhyay : a renowned litterateur
Authors: Ghosh Sreyasi
Published: February 2022

The Progressive Movement or the Marxist Cultural Renaissance occurred in a blood- thirsty and horrible situation which was the outcome of The Second World war, Famine, Communal riots, Partition related refugee crisis and the Tebhaga Movement. Contemporary undivided Communist Party of India was the pioneer in this intellectual development. All – India Progressive Writers’ Association ( 1936), Anti- Fascist Writers and Artists related Organisation ( 1942) , Association of Friends of the Soviet Power ( 1941) and the famous I.P.T.A ( 1943) were established mainly for earnest endeavour of the Communist Party. Eminent author Manik Bandopadhyay was associated with the Anti- Fascist Cultural platform from 1943 and embraced the Marxist philosophy with heartfelt desire. He got membership of the Communist Party in 1944 and continued his creative works through a perfect amalgamation of identity of litterateur with identity of dedicated and devoted party – worker in different areas of Bengal. He created extraordinary short stories (1943/ 1944- 1956) in backdrop of food and clothing related severe crisis, famine – stricken terrible situation , hegemony of influential people of black market related trading system , moral degeneration , flesh trade / prostitution adopted by poor and helpless womenfolk, communal riots related bloodbath and aggressive peasant unrest etc.
A Study on Factors Influencing the Adoption of Internet Banking - A Gender Wise Analysis by Integrating TAM and TPB Model in Kerala
Authors: Athira V S
Published: February 2022

The marvelous kinds of innovation in technology and hard-line blend of it with information technology made a paradigm shift in the banking industry. The emergence of Information Technology and its use in the financial sector leads to transition from the brick and mortar structure to click and order model. Information technology developments in the banking sector have sped up communication and transactions for clients. Internet banking is one of the fastest growing banking practices nowadays especially in this pandemic scenario. It is vital to extend this banking feature to clients for maximizing the advantages for both clients and service providers. IB become an inevitable part of the life of customer to do their trans-actions conveniently at any time without visiting the branch. So, it is important to study the various factors with respect to IB usage in Kerala. The present study titled “A Study on Factors Influencing the Adoption of Internet Banking – A Gender wise analysis by Integrating TAM and TPB Model in Kerala” reveals that there are various factors that influence the adoption of internet banking. The study also deals with the gender wise difference in adoption of internet banking and the influence of various factors of adoption.
The Legend of Himalayan Motherlode-Historical, Cultural and Economic Significance of T he Padder Blue Sapphire
Authors: Parihar Jyoti , Chauhan Haqiqat
Published: February 2022

One of the purest forms of aluminium oxide, the Padder Sapphire, a blue gem variety of the mineral corundum, is considered to be the hidden wealth of Kishtwar region. Found in the upper reaches of the remote village of Padder, it is supposed to be of the best quality in the world, second to none. At once, unknown and unexploited, found in abundance with the locals, it came to be known as the wealth of Padder from the 19th century onwards, when it was gifted by General Zorawar Singh to Maharaja Ranbir Singh of Jammu and Kashmir. At present, the Padder sapphire is one of the most expensive gemstones in the world. However, it is known for more than its sheer and brilliance. It has, associated with it, deep historical, cultural, astrological and traditional legends and beliefs which lend to its significance. This paper, thus, makes an attempt to study the historical, cultural and economic significance of the Padder sapphire and bring to the fore the many facets of the Padder sapphire.