bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Joint emission reduction dynamic optimization and coordination in the supply chain considering fairness concern and reference low-carbon effect
Authors: Zhang Ziyuan , Yu Liying
Published: September 2021

In the context of low-carbon economy, in order to explore the impact of the fairness concern and reference low-carbon effect on supply chain members' balanced emission reduction decisions and profits, supply chain joint emission reduction dynamic optimization models under four different scenarios are built, in which the manufacturer's optimal emission reduction strategy, the retailer's optimal low-carbon promotion strategy and other equilibrium solutions are solved by differential game theory. On the basis of analysis, a contract is designed to achieve the coordination of the supply chain when members are fairness concern. Some findings are as follows. First, when consumers' purchasing behavior is significantly affected by the reference low-carbon effect, and they have higher expectations for the product's emission reduction level, consumers' reference low-carbon effect will discourage the manufacturer's enthusiasm to reduce emissions, and do harm to the profits of the manufacturer and the retailer. Second, the fairness concern behavior of both parties will aggravate the adverse effects of reference low-carbon effect, bring a detrimental effect on the performance of the supply chain, aggravate the double marginal effect of the supply chain, and cause continuous negative social influence. Third, the bilateral cost-sharing contract can encourage the manufacturer to increase emission reduction investment, the retailer to increase low-carbon promotion investment, and can achieve a Pareto improvement of both parties' profits and utilities. In addition, the two cost-sharing ratios are only proportional to the marginal revenue and fairness concern intensity of both parties. Finally, when the two cost-sharing ratios and the revenue-sharing coefficient meet a certain relationship and are within a reasonable range, the bilateral cost sharing-revenue sharing hybrid contract can reduce the double marginal effect and achieve supply chain coordination.
Relativistic BGK model for massless particles in the FLRW spacetime
Authors: Hwang Byung-Hoon , Lee Ho , Yun Seok-Bae
Published: September 2021

In this paper, we address the Cauchy problem for the relativistic BGK model proposed by Anderson and Witting for massless particles in the Friedmann-Lemaȋtre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) spacetime. We first derive the explicit form of the Jüttner distribution in the FLRW spacetime, together with a set of nonlinear relations that leads to the conservation laws of particle number, momentum, and energy for both Maxwell-Boltzmann particles and Bose-Einstein particles. Then, we find sufficient conditions that guarantee the existence of equilibrium coefficients satisfying the nonlinear relations and we show that the condition is satisfied through all the induction steps once it is verified for the initial step. Using this observation, we construct explicit solutions of the relativistic BGK model of Anderson-Witting type for massless particles in the FLRW spacetime.
The onset of Marangoni bio-thermal convection in a layer of fluid containing gyrotactic microorganisms
Authors: Khayyat Latifa I. ,   Department of Biology, College of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia, Abdullah Abdullah A. ,   Department of Mathematical Sciences, College of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
Published: September 2021

The problem of the onset of Marangoni bio-thermal convection is investigated for a horizontal layer of fluid containing motile gyrotactic microorganisms. The fluid layer is assumed to rest on a rigid surface with fixed temperature and the top boundary of the layer is assumed to be a free non deformable surface. The resulting equations of the problem constitute an eigenvalue problem which is solved using the Chebyshev tau numerical method. The critical values of the thermal Marangoni number are calculated for several values of the bioconvection Péclet number, bioconvection Marangoni number, bioconvection Lewis number and gyrotaxis number. The results of this study showed that the existence of gyrotactic microorganisms increases the critical thermal Marangoni numbers. Moreover, the critical eigenvalues obtained were real-valued indicating that the mode of instability is via a stationary mode, however oscillatory mode is possible for some ranges of the parameters values.
A new class of Appell-type Changhee-Euler polynomials and related properties
Authors: Nahid Tabinda ,   Department of Mathematics, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, Uttar Pradesh, India, Saif Mohd , Araci Serkan ,   Department of Applied Mathematics, Zakir Hussain College of Engineering and Technology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, Uttar Pradesh, India,   Department of Economics, Faculty of Economics, Administrative and Social Sciences, Hasan Kalyoncu University, Gaziantep TR-27410, Turkey
Published: September 2021

A remarkably large number of polynomials and their extensions have been presented and studied. In the present paper, we introduce the new type of generating function of Appell-type Changhee-Euler polynomials by combining the Appell-type Changhee polynomials and Euler polynomials and the numbers corresponding to these polynomials are also investigated. Certain relations and identities involving these polynomials are established. Further, the differential equations arising from the generating function of the Appell-type Changhee-Euler polynomials are derived. Also, the graphical representations of the zeros of these polynomials are explored for different values of indices.
A general class of estimators on estimating population mean using the auxiliary proportions under simple and two phase sampling
Authors: Liu Xuechen ,   Faculty of Economics, Taiyuan Normal University, Taiyuan, China, Arslan Muhammad ,   Shanxi University of Finance and Economics, Taiyuan, China
Published: September 2021

This article deals with estimation of finite population mean using the auxiliary proportion under simple and two phase sampling scheme utilizing two auxiliary variables. Mathematical expressions for the mean squared errors of the proposed estimators are derived under first order of approximation. We compare the proposed class of estimators "theoretically and numerically" with the usual mean estimator of Naik and Gupta [1]. The theoretical as well as numerical findings support the superiority of our proposed class of estimator as compared to estimators available in literature.
Bohr-type inequalities for bounded analytic functions of Schwarz functions
Authors: Hu Xiaojun ,   School of Mathematical Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China, Wang Qihan , Long Boyong
Published: September 2021

In this paper, some new versions of Bohr-type inequalities for bounded analytic functions of Schwarz functions are established. Most of these inequalities are sharp. Some previous inequalities are generalized.
PREDICTED FUEL-SAVINGS FOR A FLETTNER ROTOR ASSISTED TANKER USING
COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS
Authors: Jones L , Prince M , Hudson D , Cocks J
Published: September 2021

This paper presents a case study of the effectiveness of Flettner rotors as a wind-assist system for tanker hull forms with particular focus on the aerodynamic modelling of the devices. It summarises a series of computation fluid dynamics simulations carried out to evaluate the impact of parametric changes in Flettner rotor design, including the impact of multiple rotors operating in combination, and the influence of the ship induced flow field. The results of these simulations have been applied within a velocity performance prediction approach to estimate reductions in thrust required from the propeller, and hence changes in engine power and fuel consumption in realistic operations. The analysis highlights Flettner rotors as a means of providing significant levels of power assistance dependent upon true wind speed, heading and ship speed.
Risk Factors of Crashes Involving Motorcycles in Sri Lanka
Authors: Amarasingha N.
Published: September 2021

Motorcycle is among the most popular and important modes of land transportation in tropical developing countries like Sri Lanka. Yet, research on the effect of motorcycles on traffic safety in Sri Lanka is limited. Investigation of the risk factors and contributory causes of motorcycle crashes using data sourced from Police records was the objective of this research. Police-reported crash data in Sri Lanka contain details of crashes at all severity levels that got reported, together with their corresponding different conditions, including environment, roadway, rider, and vehicle characteristics, throughout the country. Investigating the odds-ratios, the risk factors for motorcycle crashes could be identified in developing the potential counter-measures to improve traffic safety. In Sri Lanka, during 2009-2013, more than 200,000 of motorcycle crashes have been reported. The predominant crash conditions associated with motorcycles were driving on rural roadways, during weekdays, and riding newer motorcycles. The odds-ratios indicated that riding a motorcycle on dry surface conditions, on urban roads, and using safety helmets would be much safer. The results of the study add new insights to the traffic safety literature in regard to improving road safety in Sri Lanka.
Transport Logistics: Redefining Logistics in Transport
Authors: Kumarage A. S.
Published: September 2021

The terms Transport and Logistics have historically been used independently of one another. While the meaning of transport relates to the critical function of providing mobility, the understanding of logistics varies sharply between its different application contexts, from Military Logistics in early stages to its current application in Supply Chains referred to as Business Logistics. Logistics is generally understood as the processes associated with handling goods within a supply chain from its raw material supply to production to consumption, including its Transport during the multiple segments of the journey. Transport research also treats Logistics as those activities that support consuming transport itself as a means of satisfying mobility requirements but again mainly confined to the movement of goods. The recent emergence of 'Transport & Logistics' in academia and research further confuses the scientific study of mobility issues. However, this understanding is less obfuscating in industry, as each employs it in its specific context and understands it differently. This paper proposes the term Transport Logistics to identify the logistics associated with the different forms of transport provision. The etymology of terms Transport and Logistics have been consulted in its deduction. The paper concludes that passenger transport and goods transport have similar logistics activities to understand them as a single field of study. Moreover, the paper asserts that Logistics is a well-defined rational and logical process that can solve a difficult or complex transport problem.
An archive for the history of limnology at Verbania Pallanza in the Italian Lake District
Authors: Mosello Rosario
Published: September 2021

Since 2010, work has been underway to curate and catalogue the historical documentation archive of the Verbania Pallanza section of the CNR Institute for Research on Waters, located on the shores of Lake Maggiore in the Italian Lake District. This laboratory was established during the first decade of the 1900s with the work of Marco De Marchi, and research activities intensified from 1938 onwards with the foundation of the Italian Institute of Hydrobiology. The curation of the archives dating from these earliest times to the present has been done with professional archivist technicians from the Archival Superintendence and in collaboration with researchers from the Institute. The archived documents include those from the first phase of the organization of the Institute, as well as those derived from scientific and administrative activities and exchanges with the Ministry of Education. The documents also cover activities at a second section of the Institute, located in an ancient historical residence in Varenna, on the shores of Lake Como. The archive has a photographic section, which includes a series of photographic glass plates, digitized to allow for current use, containing photos of the Institute's environments and laboratories at different times through its history. A third section of the archive consists of around 50 interviews with aquatic scientists on topics relating to research projects carried out in the past. A further section concerns the recording of about 150 seminars on environmental research carried out in the institute between 2015 and 2020. The main research topics considered concern physical, chemical and biological limnology, with particular attention to Lake Maggiore, Lake Orta (severely polluted due to industrial waste), and high-altitude lakes in the Alps. The Institute also houses a library dedicated to environmental issues and some miscellaneous papers by the most important scholars of freshwater science in Italy, with publications starting from the second half of the nineteenth century. Other collections of archival interest are a museum of field and laboratory instruments, and a collection of biological samples, mainly plankton, collected in various Italian lakes.
Natural teeth and implant-retained prosthesis in treated periodontitis subjects
Authors: Durrani Farhan , Pandey Samidha , Nahid Rakhshinda , Pandey Aishwarya , Singh Preeti
Published: September 2021

History of periodontal disease is a risk factor for the development of peri-implantitis. Implant treatment in susceptible patients should be followed by adequate periodontal treatment and stringent supportive programs. The assessment of the patient needs to be carefully evaluated before the procedure for implants. The risk associated with the sites to be treated requires evaluation with regular visits. The completion of treatment will still require committed follow-up visits with checks for pockets, bone loss, and plaque scores around implant-retained prosthesis as well as complete dentition. In our report, we describe in detail the reconstruction of lost dentition with implants in treated periodontitis subjects. The patients are still being followed with regular recall programs.
Accuracy of computer-assisted surgery in immediate implant placement
Authors: Báez-Marrero Nicole , Rafel José Luis , Rodríguez-Cárdenas Yalil Augusto , Aliaga-Del Castillo Aron , Dias-Da Silveira Heraldo Luis , Arriola-Guillén Luis Ernesto
Published: September 2021

Purpose:

Computer-guided surgery has been increased in recent years. Nonetheless, few data are available on the validation of this technique for immediate implant placement. The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the accuracy of computer-guided surgery in immediate implant placement.

Materials and Methods:

Cone-beam computed tomography scans (CBCTs) and virtual models were obtained of eight fresh pigs hemi-mandibles to perform the digital planning of implants placement. Fifteen implants were simulated, and surgical guides were designed to transfer the digital planning to the surgical procedure. Postsurgical CBCTs were performed to compare the position of the planned implants versus the real implant position. Paired t-test and the intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) were used to assess the mean differences and correlations in each outcome variable evaluated twice by one experienced researcher. Furthermore, variations were compared with the results reported in the scientific literature using a one-sample t-test P < 0.05.

Results:

The measurements of the outcome variables (implants position at the neck and apex level and the angular deviation) showed significant reproducibility (mean difference-0.01 mm, 0.07 mm, and 0.30°, respectively, P > 0.05). The ICC values ranged from 0.888 to 0.949. Furthermore, the mean deviation was 1.43 mm at the implant neck, 2.19 mm at the apex, and 6.81° for the angular deviation. Similarly, significant differences (P < 0.05) were found at the neck and angular deviation when comparing the results with values reported in the literature.

Conclusions:

Although some variations were observed, they did not have a clinically significant impact. Therefore, computer-guided surgery could be satisfactorily used in immediate implants placement.
Scanning electron microscope analysis of working ends of standard and modified Gracey curettes
Authors: Nimmanon Vanida , Phetphan Warapa , Buranachad Naiyana , Nimmanon Thirayost
Published: September 2021

Context:

Gracey curettes are the most frequently used manual instruments in periodontal treatments.

Aim:

This study aimed to evaluate morphology of working ends of standard and modified Gracey curettes no. 1–2.

Materials and Methods:

Using scanning electron microscopy, four batches of unused standard curettes from seven manufacturers and modified curettes from 6 manufacturers were investigated for blade length, blade width, blade thickness, toe morphology, surface roughness, and cutting-edge morphology.

Results:

Working ends of the standard Gracey curettes were longer than the modified ones, with mean lengths of 5.65 ± 0.68 and 4.42 ± 0.82 mm, respectively. However, both standard and modified Gracey curettes had comparable widths and thicknesses, with the mean width of 0.86 mm and the mean thickness of 0.71 mm. Most samples had acceptably symmetrical toes, except those from three manufacturers which had unacceptable toes with angulations. Moreover, only two manufacturers produced curettes with smooth blades on all their surfaces. In addition, sharp or functional wire edges were seen in cutting edges of curettes from three manufacturers.

Conclusions:

Working ends of standard and modified Gracey curettes could have different morphological features if they were from different manufacturers or different batches. It is suggested that dentists or dental hygienists make a purchase decision based on their knowledge on morphology of a good curette in relation to its intended use in dental practice, rather than their familiarity or the curette's price. Furthermore, the curette needs to be examined using a widely available magnifying device when possible.
Chromatic zeros on hierarchical lattices and equidistribution on parameter space
Authors: Chio Ivan , Roeder Roland K.W.
Published: September 2021

Associated to any finite simple graph

\Gamma

is the
chromatic polynomial

\mathcal{P}_\Gamma(q)

whose complex zeros are called the
chromatic zeros
of

\Gamma

. A hierarchical lattice is a sequence of finite simple graphs

\{\Gamma_n\}_{n=0}^\infty

built recursively using a substitution rule expressed in terms of a generating graph. For each

n

, let

\mu_n

denote the probability measure that assigns a Dirac measure to each chromatic zero of

\Gamma_n

. Under a mild hypothesis on the generating graph, we prove that the sequence

\mu_n

converges to some measure

\mu

as

n

tends to infinity. We call

\mu

the
limiting measure of chromatic zeros
associated to

\{\Gamma_n\}_{n=0}^\infty

. In the case of the diamond hierarchical lattice we prove that the support of

\mu

has Hausdorff dimension two.

The main techniques used come from holomorphic dynamics and more specifically the theories of activity/bifurcation currents and arithmetic dynamics. We prove a new equidistribution theorem that can be used to relate the chromatic zeros of a hierarchical lattice to the activity current of a particular marked point. We expect that this equidistribution theorem will have several other applications.
Extreme gaps between eigenvalues of Wigner matrices
Authors: Bourgade Paul
Published: September 2021

This paper proves universality of the distribution of the smallest and largest gaps between eigenvalues of generalized Wigner matrices, under some smoothness assumption for the density of the entries. The proof relies on the Erdős–Schlein–Yau dynamic approach. We exhibit a new observable that satisfies a stochastic advection equation and reduces local relaxation of the Dyson Brownian motion to a maximum principle. This observable also provides a simple and unified proof of gap universality in the bulk and the edge, which is quantitative. To illustrate this, we give the first explicit rate of convergence to the Tracy–Widom distribution for generalized Wigner matrices.
The role of vitamin D deficiency on COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies
Authors: Kaya Mehmet Onur , Pamukçu Esra , Yakar Burkay
Published: September 2021

OBJECTIVES: Although vaccination has started, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) poses a continuing threat to public health. Therefore, in addition to vaccination, the use of supplements to support the immune system may be important. The purpose of this study was to synthesize evidence on the possible effect of low serum vitamin D levels (25[OH]D<20 ng/mL or 50 nmol/L) on COVID-19 infection and outcomes.METHODS: We searched Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect without any language restrictions for articles published between January 1 and December 15, 2020. We performed 3 meta-analyses (called vitamin D and COVID-19 infection meta-analysis [D-CIMA], vitamin D and COVID-19 severity meta-analysis [D-CSMA], and vitamin D and COV ID-19 mortality meta-analysis [D-CMMA] for COVID-19 infection, severity, and mortality, respectively) to combine odds ratio values according to laboratory measurement units for vitamin D and the measured serum 25(OH)D level.RESULTS: Twenty-one eligible studies were found to be relevant to the relationship between vitamin D and COVID-19 infection/outcomes (n=205,869). The D-CIMA meta-analysis showed that individuals with low serum vitamin D levels were 1.64 times (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.32 to 2.04; p<0.001) more likely to contract COVID-19. The D-CSMA meta-analysis showed that people with serum 25(OH)D levels below 20 ng/mL or 50 nmol/L were 2.42 times (95% CI, 1.13 to 5.18; p=0.022) more likely to have severe COVID-19. The D-CMMA meta-analysis showed that low vitamin D levels had no effect on COVID-19 mortality (OR, 1.64; 95% CI, 0.53 to 5.06, p=0.390).CONCLUSIONS: According to our results, vitamin D deficiency may increase the risk of COVID-19 infection and the likelihood of severe disease. Therefore, we recommend vitamin D supplementation to prevent COVID-19 and its negative outcomes.
The European Central Bank: the time is ripe for a major revision of its strategy
Authors: Bofinger Peter
Published: September 2021

A revision of the European Central Bank's (ECB) strategy is urgently needed. For the new strategy, it is important to define the inflation target explicitly in symmetrical terms. Environmental policy objectives can in principle be reconciled with the ECB's mandate as long as they do not conflict with the objective of monetary stability. An essential element of any strategy is a heuristic that makes it relatively easy for the public to monitor whether monetary policy decisions are in line with the mandate. Among the possible heuristics, monetary targeting and the Taylor rule have to be ruled out while ‘inflation targeting’ offers a relatively simple navigation system for monetary policy discussions.
Additive inhibitory effects of heavy metals on phenol-utilizing microorganism
Authors: Batkhuyag Nyamsuren , Matyakubov Behzad , Mang Ngun Za Luai , Lee Tae-jin
Published: September 2021

Effects of heavy metals on phenol-utilizing microorganisms that could co-metabolically degrade naphthol were investigated. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) identified these phenol-utilizing microorganisms as Alicycliphilus denitrificans K601, Alicycliphilus sp. R-2461, uncultured Alicycliphilus sp., and Acidovorax aerodenitrificans. Inhibitory effects of Pb, Cu, Cd, and Zn on phenol biodegradation were in the order of Cu > Cd > Pb > Zn. Inhibitory effects of mixed heavy metals on phenol-utilizing microorganisms were in the order of (Cd + Pb) ≈ (Cd + Cu) > (Zn + Pb) > (Zn + Cd) > (Pb + Cu) > (Zn + Cu). The presence of mixed heavy metals synergistically inhibited microbial degradation of phenol. The relationship between reaction constants and inhibition concentrations that caused 50% of the degradation rate (IC50) for mixed heavy metals was derived as k2 = 0.69 ∙ IC50-1.007. In this study, heavy metals inhibited phenol biodegradation through synergistic interactions. However, other studies have reported antagonistic interactions depending on the microbial community and heavy metals, indicating that the inhibition type of heavy metal on microbial degradation depends on the microorganism and the type of heavy metal.
On the Pull-out Behavior of Hooked-End Shape Memory Alloys Fibers Embedded in Ultra-High Performance Concrete
Authors: Akbari Baghal Amir Ebrahim , Maleki Ahmad , Vafaei Ramin
Published: September 2021

This study presents a three-dimensional non-linear finite element investigation on the pull-out behavior of straight and hooked-end Shape Memory Alloys (SMA) and steel fibers embedded in Ultra-High Performance Concrete (UHPC) using a single fiber pull-out model. A bilinear cohesive zone model is used to characterize the interfacial traction separation relationships. The Concrete Damage Plasticity (CDP) model is used to simulate UHPC, and the mechanical behavior is obtained through experimental tests. Parametric studies are conducted to evaluate the effects of fiber materials, fiber diameters, and hook angles on the load-displacement behavior. A good agreement between the numerical and experimental results is obtained. It is found that the hooked-end fibers with a smaller diameter and a hook angle of 40° can be a better choice for structural application. Furthermore, it is observed that the use of SMA fibers significantly improves the pull-out performance between fibers and UHPC.
A Review on Advances in Automated Plant Disease Detection
Authors: Bhagwat Radhika , Dandawate Yogesh
Published: September 2021

Plant diseases cause major yield and economic losses. To detect plant disease at early stages, selecting appropriate techniques is imperative as it affects the cost, diagnosis time, and accuracy. This research gives a comprehensive review of various plant disease detection methods based on the images used and processing algorithms applied. It systematically analyzes various traditional machine learning and deep learning algorithms used for processing visible and spectral range images, and comparatively evaluates the work done in literature in terms of datasets used, various image processing techniques employed, models utilized, and efficiency achieved. The study discusses the benefits and restrictions of each method along with the challenges to be addressed for rapid and accurate plant disease detection. Results show that for plant disease detection, deep learning outperforms traditional machine learning algorithms while visible range images are more widely used compared to spectral images.
MEDIA APLIKASI BERBASIS AUGMENTED REALITY “COVID CARE” SEBAGAI BENTUK CORONA VIRUS PREVENTIVE ACTION (CVPA) BAGI PT UNITED TRACTORS
Authors: Pratama Muhammad Kahfi Rizki , Prasetyo Agung Budi
Published: September 2021

Coronavirus jenis baru ini dikenal dengan istilah COVID-19 penyakit ini memiliki tingkat kematian yang terbilang rendah dari jenis Coronavirus lain nya yatu hanya berada di kisaran 2%, namun tingkat penyebaran COVID-19 di Dunia sendiri sampai saat ini sudah mencapai1 6,7 juta kasus sedangkan di Indonesia sendiri hingga saat ini di tanggal 29 Juli 2020 sudah mencapai jumlah kasus sebesar 104 ribu kasus. Dan PT United Tractors sendiri merupakan perusahaan yang bergerak dibidang distributor tunggal alat berat memiliki resiko tinggi untuk penyebaran virus ini sehingga dibutuhkan media informasi dan aplikasi untuk memberikan pengetahuan tentang Coronavirus. Menurut WHO dalam jurnal nya COVID-19 dapat menyebar melalui percikan dan juga dapat menempel pada permukaan benda yang lainnya yang biasa kita sentuh, orang dapat terinfeksi dengan menyentuh benda atau permukaan tersebut, kemudian menyentuh mata, hidung, atau mulut mereka. Inilah sebabnya penting untuk mencuci tangan secara teratur dengan sabun dan air bersih mengalir, atau membersihkannya dengan cairan antiseptik berbahan dasar alkohol. Dengan itu Aplikasi “Covidcare” dapat menjadi suatu media baru untuk memberikan informasi terkait covid pada PT United Tractors.
Pembuatan Game Edukasi Mengenai Materi Hafalan Doa Harian Sebagai Media Pembelajaran Berbasis Android
Authors: Septarini Dinda
Published: September 2021

Kemampuan membaca, menulis dan menghafal Al-Qur’an mutlak harus dimiliki oleh semua umat Islam untuk dapat memahami, menghayati, kemudian mengamalkan apa yang terkandung di dalamnya. Salah satunya menghafal doa-doa harian yang terdapat pada Mata Pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam. Oleh karena itu anak harus ditekankan untuk belajar membaca, menulis, dan menghafal Al-Qur’an sejak dini, sehingga mereka mampu membaca, menulis dan menghafal Al-Qur’an dengan baik dan benar. salah satu caranya adalah dengan menyekolahkan anak ke lembaga pendidikan berbasis islami seperti SDIT Mentari Ciangsana. Sekolahan ini menerapkan kurikulum 2013 yang terdapat beberapa doa-doa harian, namun doa-doa harian tersebut tidak semuanya tercantum dalam buku paket maupun lembar kerja siswa (LKS). Sekolahan ini juga belum memiliki metode pembelajaran yang interaktif untuk membantu hafalan murid. Game edukasi dapat mendorong siswa untuk belajar aktif dan kreatif, dan tidak merasa bosan saat belajar, serta dapat meningkatkan daya dan minat belajar anak. Game edukasi yang dibuat diberi nama "Menghafal Doa-Doa harian". Hasil keluaran game yang dibuat berupa game berbasis Android dengan materi soal-soal yang ditampilkan secara acak dan beberapa dari buku pelajaran PAI kelas 1 sampai 4, ada juga tambahan doa-doa yang belum tercantum di buku tersebut, yang digunakan SDIT Mentari Ciangsana.
Pembuatan Game Edukasi Pemadam Kebakaran
Authors: Abdussalam Muhammad Azmi
Published: September 2021

Game dapat dijadikan sebagai media edukasi untuk memberikan pengetahuan dan pemahaman terhadap suatu objek. Edukasi melalui media game diharapkan akan memberikan dampak menyenangkan bagi pemain yang dilakukan dalam suasana belajar. Salah satu objek yang dapat diedukasi ialah mengenai pemadam kebakaran. Pembuatan game ini dirumuskan dalam rumusan masalah bagaimana pembuatan game sebagai media edukasi pemadam kebakaran. Tujuan penulisan ialah untuk mengetahui pembuatan game sebagai media edukasi pemadam kebakaran. Pembuatan game ini terdiri dari tahap praproduksi, tahap produksi, dan tahap pascaproduksi. Melalui game mengenai pemadam kebakaran ini pemain dapat memiliki pengetahuan, pemahaman, dan gambaran keterampilan dalam menangani bencana kebakaran. Game ini juga menjadi media edukasi alternatif dalam pendidikan kebencanaan khususnya mengenai bencana kebakaran.
DGM 430 OFFSET WEB MACHINE PRINT QUALITY
Authors: Ibrahim Maulana , Hadiwibowo Anton , Djaiz Mukhyidin , Sukma Henra Nanang
Published: September 2021

The review control activity, especially the decrease in the quality of the printed output, is one of the quality control parameters carried out by each company. To get quality, of course, the company does not remain silent, there are several things that need to be done or provided by the company to be able to support quality, namely man (human), machine (machine), material (material), and methods (methods). In the development of technology in an increasingly advanced digital world, companies want to continue to compete with a digital world by making breakthroughs, this of course makes the products produced by the company have a good or good quality level. In this study, there is an identification of the problem aspects that arise from the causes of the print results and how to get solutions to overcome the problems and factors that affect the quality of the print on the printed contents of the Cultural Arts Service Book using the DGM 430 Web Offset machineKeywords— Quality, Parameters, Web Offsets
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF 5S MANAGEMENT AT OFFSET UNIT: CASE STUDY AT PT PURRA BARUTAMA, KUDUS
Authors: Simbolon Tamado , Djamara MT , Latif Antinah
Published: September 2021

Companies that have poor performance can be seen from the irregular work situation, the number of project items or reworks, the bad employee attendance scores and so on. How to implement the 5R, because the 5R is a management system in maintaining order, efficiency and discipline in the workplace, as well as increasing overall company performance. 5R is the first indicator to assess the good and bad performance of a company. However, it is unfortunate that not all companies understand the importance of (K3) and how to implement it in a corporate environment. The writing method used is descriptive method. The purpose of writing: To determine employee understanding of the 5R program in Occupational Safety and Health, to determine the implementation of the 5R program in Occupational Safety and Health which is run at PT. Pura Barutama Kudus Offset Unit, to find out the implementation of the 5R program in controlling Occupational Safety and Health which is carried out by PT Pura Barutama Kudus Offset Unit. Based on the observation that 5R management must always be improved.Keywords: 5S, OHS, Printing Industry
The construction of self and others: A study of the identity construction in I am Malala
Authors: Qasim Asifa , Graham Sage Lambert
Published: September 2021

Autobiographical memoirs incorporate personal experiences of an individual and the cultural structures for recognizing lives and identities. They mediate between actions and point of view of an author to display the identity of self and others. The language of autobiographical narratives situates characters in relation to one another to distinguish between self and other. This study examines the approach adopted by Malala for her identity construction in her autobiography, explicating the ways she maintains or challenges the social customs through these ideologies. It analyses linguistic features employed by Malala for identity construction and ideological distinctions between the victims and the perpetrators, stigmatized and non-stigmatized in her story. Malala appears in her tales as an author with authority, as well as a victim of intolerance and abuse, according to the findings; however, her identity is often fluid and changing through acquiring the roles of victim, figure, and author, and depicting her characters in parallel roles. She positioned characters in her story by making overt and covert contrasts within reported events. Her narrative shows a contentious case of discrimination in which both the victim and the perpetrator are Pashtun Muslims from Pakistan of the same race, religion, and ethnicity.
A force majeure esemény mint mentesülési lehetőség
Authors: Csekő Katalin
Published: September 2021

Az előre nem látható, elháríthatatlan, objektív külső körülmény, azaz az ún. force majeure mentesítheti a teljesítésben megakadályozott vállalatot szerződésszegésének jogkövetkezményei alól. A Covid–19-járvány globális kiterjedésű korlátozó intézkedései – mint például a légi szállítás leállítása, a határzárak, vagy a különleges engedélyeztetési eljárások bevezetése – jelentős veszteségeket okoztak a nemzetközi ellátási láncok működésében. A cikk a force majeure okokra hivatkozva törölt megrendelésekből vagy késedelmes szállításokból eredő felelősség kérdését gyakorlati szakemberek számára és az ő nézőpontjukból elemzi. A cikk célja, hogy a bemutatott pereset tanulságai, valamint a magyar vállalkozók körében végzett kérdőíves felmérés eredményei segítségével érzékeltesse a force majeure jogelv és szerződéses kikötés, valamint nemzeti szabályozás alkalmazásának lehetőségét és komplexitását.
Script Identification for Devanagari and Gurumukhi using OCR
Authors: Sharma Shubhankar , Arora﻿ Vatsala
Published: September 2021

The study of character research is an active area for research as it pertains a lot of challenges. Various pattern recognition techniques are being used every day. As there are so many writing styles available, development of OCR (Optical Character Recognition) for handwritten text is difficult. Therefore, several measures have to be taken to improve the recognition process so that the burden of computation can be decreased and the accuracy for pattern recognition can be increased. The main objective of this review was to recognize and analyze handwritten document images. In this paper, we present a scheme to identify different Indian scripts like Devanagari and Gurumukhi.
Window Median Filter (WMF) to Eliminate Salt and Pepper Noise from Digital Color Image﻿
Authors: Zaini﻿ Hatim
Published: September 2021

A color digital image is a very important type of digital data, and this image may be exposed to the effect of negative noise, which distorts it and changes some of its characteristics. Therefore, it is necessary to search for a way to get rid of this noise. In this research paper, we an easy and flexible way to deal with salt and pepper noise will be presented tested and implemented, this method will base on selecting a window to deal with the noisy pixels based on median filter, image padding will be used to select the window with a suitable size. The practical results of the proposed method will be matched and compared with other methods used to remove noise to prove the efficiency of the proposed method for removing noise from the digital color image.
Konstipasi Fungsional pada Anak
Authors: Kadim Muzal
Published: September 2021

Konstipasi pada anak merupakan masalah kesehatan yang sering diabaikan. Konstipasi fungsional pada anak berdampak negatif, baik untuk anak maupun keluarga mereka, karena dapat menurunkan kualitas hidup, serta berdampak pada biaya perawatan kesehatan. Diagnosis konstipasi fungsional ditegakkan berdasarkan kriteria Roma IV. Prevalens konstipasi fungsional berhubungan dengan geografis, kebiasaan dan jenis makanan, serta paparan peristiwa kehidupan yang membuat stres anak. Meskipun sebagian besar konstipasi pada anak adalah fungsional, namun harus disingkirkan  suatu kelainan organik dengan mencari adanya tanda bahaya.
Sindroma Sheehan dengan Hiponatremia Berulang, Miositis dan Amenorrhea Sekunder
Authors: Loe Luse , Soetedjo Nanny Natalia Mulyani , Permana Hikmat
Published: September 2021

Pendahuluan. Sindroma sheehan dapat timbul paska melahirkan disebabkan oleh gangguan perfusi kelenjar hipofisis akibat tekanan darah rendah selama atau setelah melahirkan. Gejala sindroma sheehan bervariasi dan tidak spesifik. Diagnosis dan terapi segera sangat penting untuk mencegah mortalitas. Laporan Kasus: Berikut ini adalah laporan kasus mengenai seorang wanita 39 tahun dengan kondisi hiponatremia berulang, disertai dengan myositis dan amenorrhea sekunder, yang konsisten dengan temuan pada sindroma sheehan. Diskusi: Pasien memiliki riwayat perdarahan berat paska melahirkan. Pada pasien ini didapatkan hiponatremia, hipokalemia, dan hipokalsemia. Gangguan elektrolit pada pasien ini dapat disebabkan oleh adanya defisit hormon hipofisis anterior, kemungkinan adanya defisit hormon hipofisis posterior, gangguan hormon adrenokortikal dan estrogen. Peningkatan kreatinin kinase pada pasien menandakan adanya miositis, yang dapat disebabkan oleh penggunaan obat herbal atau kondisi lain. Kesimpulan: Pada kasus ini, pasien mengalami perbaikan setelah mendapat terapi elektrolit dan substitusi hormon, tanpa penggunaan steroid.
The Impact of Kagan’s Cooperative Learning Structure (KCLS) on Grade 9 Students towards English Language Learning
Authors: Thinley  , Dorji Kezang , Ghalley Dil Maya , Tshering Dawa
Published: September 2021

English subject has become very important in the context of Bhutanese education system. Owing to its importance in the era of modernization, the education ministry of Bhutan is providing professional development program in a form of training and workshops for all the English teachers to grow oneself professionally. Therefore the purposes of this study were to examine the learning achievement and investigate opinions of grade 9 Bhutanese students towards English subject by incorporating Kagans Cooperative Learning Structure (KCLS). The study was an experimental research and consisted of two groups pre-test post-test design at Kamji Central School under Chhuka district, Bhutan. A cluster random sampling was used to select two sections out of three sections with 38 students each in the experimental and the control groups. The quantitative data was analyzed using a pre-test and post-test scores while students’ reflective journal was analyzed using a coding system.The findings of the study showed a remarkable difference in the post-test scores. The mean scores of the control group and of the experimental group were 9.5 and 11.5 respectively. In addition,the student’s reflective journals revealed that the Kagans Cooperative Learning structure (KCLS) was interesting, provided with equal opportunities,enhanced active participation, and the brain breaks and cheers helped them keep themselves alert and boost retention level of learning.
Wars and Rumours of War, 1918-1945: Japan, the West and Asia Pacific
Authors: Buckley Roger
Published: September 2021

Supported by an in-depth Introduction and contextual analysis, this six-volume set complements Series I (1918-1937 – From Armistice to North China), addressing the history between 1938 and1945. Despite the widespread operation of war-time censorship and surveillance, publishers in the West and, to a lesser degree in East Asia, put out a range of material that remains of considerable value to later generations. Some of the texts selected are undeniably partisan but the quantity of the published material (and to some extent its quality) left the general public with a vast and varied archive of printed matter that deserves to be consulted and debated by today's researchers and students. Greater attention is given to American and British literature rather than Chinese or Japanese simply by virtue of the practical realities.
A History of Discriminated Buraku Communities in Japan
Authors: Nobuaki Teraki , Midori Kurokawa
Published: September 2021

At the heart of modern Japan there remains an intractable and divisive social problem with its roots in pre-history, namely the ongoing social discrimination against the D?wa communities, otherwise known as Buraku. Their marginalization and isolation within society as a whole remains a veiled yet contested issue. Buraku studies, once largely ignored within Japan’s academia and by scholarly publishers, have developed considerably in the first decades of the twenty-first century, as the extensive bibliographies of both Japanese and English sources provided here clearly demonstrates. The authors of the present study published in Japanese in 2016 and translated here by the Oxford scholar Ian Neary, have been able to incorporate this most recent data. Because of its importance as the first Buraku history based on this new research, a wider readership was always the authors’ principal focus. Yet, it also provides a valuable source book for further study by those wishing to develop their knowledge about the subject from an informed base. This history of the Buraku communities and their antecedents is the first such study to be published in English.
Towards Japan
Authors: Stockwin Arthur
Published: September 2021

Distinguished author and former Professor of Modern Japanese Studies at Oxford, Arthur Stockwin here explores his personal journey from being the son of medical/dental parents in Birmingham, England, to becoming a specialist in the politics and modern history of Japan, while at the same time reflecting on his considerable personal experiences of Japan and assessing its current and possible future condition.
Postwar Industrial Media Culture in Sweden, 1945-1960
Authors: Björkin Mats
Published: September 2021

During the 1950s, companies aiming for international markets demanded new theories and methods of communication. Ideas regarding cybernetics, systems analysis, new accounting practices, and budgetary principles as well as theories of information, communication, marketing, public relations, and organization were discussed at conferences, seminars, and courses, and in articles and books. At the same time, new technologies changed corporate communication, from a loose-leaf accounting system to mechanical and electronic business machines, from written texts and oral presentations to slide shows, audio tapes, films, television, and flannelgraphs. By looking at a vast array of objects and relations related to uses of media technologies in Swedish industry from the end of World War II to the breakthrough of television, this book shows what happened in the glitches between mass communication and interaction, and how Swedish postwar industry worked to disrupt established understandings of communication.
Therapeutic applications of three-dimensional organoid models in lung cancer
Authors: Yeo Chang Dong , Yun Young-Pil , Ahn Dong Hyuck , Hwang Yongki , Yang Seung Hee , Won Hyobin , Cho Hyeong Jun , Park Chan Kwon , Kim Seung Joon , Park Jong Y.
Published: September 2021

Lung cancer, which remains a major cause of mortality worldwide, is a histologically diverse condition and demonstrates substantial phenotypic and genomic diversity among individual patients, manifesting as both intertumoral and intratumoral heterogeneity. This heterogeneity has made it difficult to develop lung cancer models. Two-dimensional (2D) cancer cell lines have been used to study genetic and molecular alterations in lung cancer. However, cancer cell lines have several disadvantages, including random genetic drift caused by long-term culture, a lack of annotated clinical data, and most importantly, the fact that only a subset of tumors shows 2D growth on plastic. Three-dimensional models of cancer have the potential to improve cancer research and drug development because they are more representative of cancer biology and its diverse pathophysiology. Herein, we present an integrated review of current information on preclinical lung cancer models and their limitations, including cancer cell line models, patient-derived xenografts, and lung cancer organoids, and discuss their possible therapeutic applications for drug discovery and screening to guide precision medicine in lung cancer research. Altogether, the success rate of generating lung cancer organoids must be improved, and a lung cancer organoid culture system is necessary to achieve the goal of designing an individualized therapeutic strategy for each lung cancer patient.