bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Council Regulation (EU) 2019/1111 and its scope of application on the protection of unaccompanied asylum-seeking children
Authors: Bilousov M.S.
Published: October 2024

This article is dedicated to the legal analysis of the specifics of Council Regulation (EU) 2019/1111 in the context of its application to the protection of unaccompanied asylum seeker children. The article emphasizes that European Union law stipulates that unaccompanied children migrating from third countries to the EU must be protected, regardless of whether they fall under the general European asylum system. The European Regulation (EU) 2019/1111 plays a significant role in this context, as it guarantees the protection of unaccompanied children migrating to the EU by establishing parental responsibility. Although maintaining family unity aligns with the best interests of the child, the right to family reunification is not always straightforward or feasible for unaccompanied migrant children, who often lack documentation. Moreover, the exercise of the right to reunification does not always align with the principle of the best interests of these children. Therefore, it is crucial to promptly appoint a guardian for such children upon their arrival to advocate for their interests and ensure their protection. To expedite the appointment process and facilitate the effective implementation of other protective measures, Regulation 2019/1111 provides for the possibility of adopting provisional and protective measures. Consequently, the courts of any Member State have the right to adopt provisional and protective national measures if such measures are provided for in the national legislation of that Member State. To date, the case law of the CJEU has established three cumulative requirements for provisional and protective measures: the measure must be temporary, urgent, and must be taken in relation to a child present in the Member State handling the case. Jurisdiction should be determined by the Member State of the child’s habitual residence, except in certain situations, such as when the child’s residence changes or according to an agreement between those with parental responsibility. If no proceedings regarding parental responsibility have been concluded and the child’s habitual residence changes following lawful relocation, jurisdiction should be retained with the child to maintain proximity.
Main aspects of the historical and legal impact of public international law on the national legal order
Authors: Havrylenko V.V.
Published: October 2024

The national legal order is a broad, multifaceted, multi-level and complex formation that is formed and maintained by two counter interests generated by both civil society and the state. At the same time, the interests should not be antagonistic, since both society and the state are objectively striving for order, which creates the necessary conditions for orderly existence, safe existence of all elements of the state mechanism and each individual, organization to solve urgent problems, predictability of the future, and sustainable functioning with the help of social and legal norms.
Among the features of the national legal order, the most important is strict civil discipline, which, among other things, is ensured by all means of the state, up to the use of coercion. The national legal order is closely related to the international legal order, but there should be a reasonable balance between them, which is achieved through creative thinking, perception of foreign experience and establishment of the process of effective implementation of international law into the national legal system.
Under the national legal order as a whole, the author analyzes a reliable state of legal orderliness in all spheres of society’s life, which implies the establishment of a reasonable and fair legal order based on international standards and legal norms of the existing branches of law in the State.
On this basis, the article examines the key points of interaction between public international law and the national legal order throughout history. By focusing on the changes that have occurred in this regard during different historical periods, the article aims to determine the impact of public international law on the structure and functioning of national legal systems.
This article provides an insight into the relationship between public international law and the national legal order, taking into account historical contexts and contemporary realities. The author reveals key aspects that help to understand the evolution of this important area of international legal development.
Constitutional Transit: Specific Issues of Theory
Authors: Byelov D.M. , Bielova M.V.
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the phenomenon of constitutional transit and its features in the context of modern development of Ukraine. The author considers constitutional transit as a complex, multidimensional process that encompasses a wide range of legal, political, and social changes. The paper analyzes the theoretical foundations of constitutional transit, its individual stages, and key factors influencing the success of democratic transformations.
Particular attention is paid to the specifics of constitutional transit in Ukraine, especially in the context of the Russian-Ukrainian war and the post-bellum period. The author identifies the main problems faced by Ukraine in the process of constitutional transformations, including the instability of democratic institutions, limited economic potential, and crisis phenomena in the cultural environment.
The article offers an analysis of possible stages of constitutional transformation in Ukraine after the end of the war, including urgent changes to ensure national security, development of a comprehensive reform strategy, public discussion of changes, legislative process, and implementation of adopted decisions.
The author emphasizes the need to take into account national characteristics, historical traditions, and social mentality when conducting constitutional reforms. The importance of creating an institutional constitutional system that would effectively coordinate the activities of all social subsystems and regulate the behavior of participants in transformational processes is emphasized.
The study demonstrates that constitutional transit in Ukraine is part of the global process of democratization, but has its unique features due to historical experience and modern challenges. The article also touches upon the understanding of the complexity and multifaceted nature of constitutional transformation processes in transitional societies.
Radbruch’s formula: conceptual analysis and practical importance
Authors: Serediuk V.V. , Dudar S.K.
Published: October 2024

The article provides an analysis of the key theses of Gustav Radbruch, known as the Radbruch Formula, which reflect the position of the prominent German legal philosopher of the first half of the 20th century regarding the judge’s duty not to apply «intolerably unjust laws». This preference is given to the principle of justice over the principle of legal certainty in certain categories of «hard cases». The article analyzes Radbruch’s formula regarding the nature of law itself and the evaluation of statutes as either having or lacking legal character, as well as their validity.
The authors’ foundational approach in analyzing the Radbruch Formula is based on considering the dynamics of Radbruch’s philosophical-legal system, as a representative of Southwest (German) School of neo-Kantianism, in relation to the balance between the principles of legal certainty and justice as components of the idea of law. Radbruch’s views on the nature of law, which from the second half of the 20th century have formed the foundation of modern non-positivist legal theory in its «inclusive version», are also examined.
The main characteristic of the Radbruch Formula is highlighted through three key theses of Radbruch concerning the relationship between the principles of legal certainty and justice, and their combination into two formulas. This epistemological approach enables a more detailed analysis of the ideas embedded in the Radbruch’s Formula.
Under normal conditions of law and order, the first thesis indicates the need to give priority to the legal certainty of the law in law enforcement.
The first formula, or the «intolerability thesis», describes the condition under which a law, as «incorrect law» or unjust law, is not recognized as legally binding from the moment of its creation. Intolerable injustice serves as the criterion for determining that the law is not law. Only intolerably unjust laws, among those that are to some extent unjust in content, lack legal force and cannot be applied by judges in the process of adjudication.
The second formula, or the «rejection thesis», describes the criterion by which to distinguish between existing laws as «incorrect law» and laws that are, by their nature, non-legal and should be denied recognition as law. This criterion for a law is its «service» to justice, whose core is the equality of all people, thereby precluding racial, religious, and other forms of discrimination.
The authors view Radbruch’s theses as an integral construct of the Radbruch Formula, as taking into account their essential connections, which refer to the concept and idea of law, provides a comprehensive understanding of the nature and purpose of legal certainty, the value of justice, the degree of permissible injustice, and the purpose and nature of law itself.
International standards for the application of coercive measures by police authorities
Authors: Gurevichov O.
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to issues of international standards for the use of coercive measures by police authorities. It is noted that the main goal of reforming law enforcement agencies in our country, which has chosen the path of European and Euro-Atlantic integration, is to improve their activities by ensuring proper protection of the rights and legitimate interests of citizens, as well as an emphasis on the prevention and prevention of offenses. To achieve this goal, it is important to introduce international standards and practical experience of foreign police bodies into the national legislation of Ukraine, as well as their effective implementation in the practice of law enforcement agencies. This will not only contribute to the development of the rule of law, but will also improve the international image of our country.
Attention is focused on the fact that when analyzing international legal documents, it is important to note that in accordance with the provisions of the Charter of the United Nations, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the Declaration on the Protection of All Persons from Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment and Punishment , adopted by the UN General Assembly, as well as the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment and Punishment, recognition of the equal and inalienable rights of all members of the human community is the basis of freedom, justice and universal peace. Since the use of coercive measures by the police affects the protection of human rights and freedoms, police activities should be organized in accordance with the main international standards developed in this direction.
It noted that in most of the disputed use-of-force incidents, the officers could not be blamed because their actions were consistent with the specific training they had received. Thus, in the training of US police officers, special attention is paid to training through realistic exercises that reflect the different types of situations that police officers may encounter.
It was concluded that the police in the democratic countries of the world focus their activities on ensuring human rights and freedoms through crime prevention, crime prevention and crime fighting, introducing new methods and modern technological means.
The problematic aspects of excessive interference in property rights as a result of temporary seizure of property in criminal proceedings
Authors: Kychko R.
Published: October 2024

The article examines the key issues associated with the temporary seizure of property within the framework of fundamental principles of criminal proceedings. It explores the relationship between such seizures and procedural requirements, focusing on the inviolability of property rights and the reasonableness of time limits. The procedural nuances of temporary property seizure are discussed, with particular attention to legislative provisions governing the consequences of such actions. The article also addresses the problematic practice of seizing property without a court order, despite legal norms that mandate deprivation or restriction of property rights during criminal proceedings to be based solely on a substantiated court decision in line with the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine.
Further, the article explores the challenges related to excessive interference with property rights due to the prolonged retention of seized property by pre-trial investigative bodies. Special attention is given to judicial practices concerning compliance with reasonable time limits after the temporary seizure of computer systems, their components, and mobile communication terminals. Examples are provided where investigative judges have imposed specific deadlines to ensure that pre-trial investigations adhere to reasonable time constraints during extended interference with property rights.
The article identifies key procedural and legal strategies available to the defense for preventing or mitigating excessive interference with property rights following temporary seizure as a criminal proceeding measure. These strategies are outlined in Article 114 of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine. In instances where the pre-trial investigation body fails to comply with an investigative judge’s order to lift a property seizure and return the property to its owner, the defense may petition the judge to establish procedural time limits for the investigation.
It is emphasized that if temporarily seized property is not returned after the seizure is lifted, the court possesses the authority to establish judicial oversight and set procedural deadlines for the pre-trial investigation body to perform all necessary actions for property return, as mandated by the investigative judge’s order.
Pembelajaran Siswa Sekolah Dasar dengan Bumbu Dapur Sebagai Obat Tradisional yang Manjur
Authors: Dwiatmaka Yohanes , Wulandari Erna Tri , Setiawati Agustina , Hartinni Yustina Sri , Permatasari Olga Sancaya Dyah , Widiyanto Yohanes Baptista Cahya
Published: October 2024

This community service target were class VI students at Kanisius Duwet Elementary School (SDK Duwet), Sleman, Yogyakarta. The team consists of lecturers from the Department of Pharmacy and Psychology at Sanata Dharma University (SDU), assisted by several students. Implementation of Phase-1 for the introduction of spices and herbal plants: garlic, shallots, ginger, turmeric, and galangal. Phase-1 was carried out with a direct visit to the Medicinal Plant Garden Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, SDU. Stage-2 activities were carried out at SDK Duwet, carried out in the form of practical training in making and using several traditional medicines (TM) from kitchen spices that had been introduced in stage-1. Student understanding was measured through pretest and posttest. The result of the phase-1 pretest was very good (mean 90.53). Only a few students (23.68%) did not know galangal and turmeric. In phase-2 the mean pretest score was 60.53, lower than in phase-1. This showed that students knew the names of spices, but did not know their benefits as TM. Phase-2 posttest results with a mean of 89.71. According to the t-test between posttest and pretest in phase-2, students' understanding significantly increased by 148% (P0.01). This service program was successful in improving students' understanding and skills. The activity was closed with a group presentation. During the group presentation, students were enthusiastic in their delivery and stated that they were very impressed and amazed by this new knowledge about traditional medicines.
Analisis Resiko Penggeseran Pilar Jembatan Pada Jalan Tol Surabaya-Gempol
Authors: Ghewa Gabriel Jose Posenti , Tahalele Marcio , Hermawan Hermawan , Francesco Atmaja , Gavriel Basca
Published: October 2024

Penelitian ini mengevaluasi desain penggeseran pilar jembatan pada jalan tol Surabaya-Gempol jalur A B melalui pekerjaan jasa konsultansi. Analisis difokuskan pada kuat tekan beton dan potensi settlement pilar. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa kuat tekan beton pada pilar mengalami penurunan dari nilai rencana awal. Meskipun demikian, penurunan ini masih berada dalam batas aman yang diizinkan oleh standar teknis yang berlaku. Selain itu, pemantauan jangka panjang tidak mengidentifikasi adanya settlement pada pilar. Berdasarkan hasil ini, tidak terdapat indikasi pergeseran yang berpotensi mengganggu stabilitas struktur jembatan. Kesimpulan dari studi ini menyatakan bahwa meskipun terdapat penurunan kuat tekan beton, kondisi keseluruhan pilar tetap stabil dan aman untuk digunakan. Temuan ini memberikan jaminan bahwa struktur jembatan tetap memenuhi standar keselamatan dan fungsionalitas yang diperlukan.
PERSONAL POLITICAL BRANDING FOR ELECTABILITY BOOST: THE EVIDENCE FROM MILLENNIAL LOCAL LEADERS IN WEST SUMATERA
Authors: Athahirah Astika Ummy
Published: October 2024

Today, creating a personal political brand is essential for regional heads to increase electability ahead of regional elections. This research explores how elected millennial regional heads create, develop, and communicate their political brands to increase their electability in West Sumatera, Indonesia. The authors used an exploratory approach and data collection through primary data obtained from semi-structured interviews and surveys using questionnaires. Secondary data includes journals, online newspapers, the official website of the General Elections Commission (KPU), the Central Statistics Agency (BPS), and social media. This research also used a quasi-qualitative design that goes through several stages, starting with exploring the research problem to confirm a new theory. Here, we show that they created personal political brands through the legacy and experiences of families and regional leaders. They also take several stages in building a personal political brand, namely conducting introspective investigations and evaluations through brand mantras offline and online traces. Later, their involvement in several organizations also became a determinant of political branding. The final stage in building this personal political brand is to evaluate the existing brand. Therefore, this research can be a reference for candidates for regional heads and legislators who are building their political brands. Given the limitations of this study, the authors suggest conducting follow-up research from another point of view of the political brand and its political marketing strategy.
DEVELOPING THE LOCAL POLITICAL SPACE FOR INCLUSIVE NAGARI PASIA LAWEH INSTITUTIONS IN WEST SUMATERA
Authors: Valentina Tengku Rika , Putera Roni Ekha
Published: October 2024

This study focuses on the local political sphere by examining the policies and the spread of Nagari’s institutional structure in West Sumatra by following Law No. 6 of 2014 about Villages. We examine and reassess the new variations of the local political sphere, focusing on local elites (Penghulu-Alim Ulama) and local communities’ growth within Nagari institutions in West Sumatra. Data was gathered via a focus group discussion (FGD) including stakeholders, regency administration, the Nagari government, and the communities. The findings are Nagari Pasia Laweh envisions an advanced Nagari based on local wisdom and open dialogue. It possesses benefits that effectively empower all community members in the process of the policy cycle. Law No. 6 of 2014 provides the Nagari government with opportunities to participate in policy formation and decision-making processes. The Nagari government greatly benefits, including financial and material aid from the central government and contributing significantly to its overall advancement. Participation of local elites, such as ninik mamak, penghulu, and traditional stakeholders at every stage of the policy process enhances the effectiveness of accountability mechanisms, facilitating the collective implementation and evaluation of policies.
AN ANALYSIS OF THE PERFORMANCE AND EFFECTIVENESS OF POLITICAL STRATEGIC LEADERSHIP IN INDONESIA
Authors: Arman Arman , Patasaka Rini Indryati
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this study is to analyze the performance and effectiveness of political policy strategies in Indonesia using a quantitative research method with a snowball sampling technique with a sample size of 1,200 respondents from 38 provinces. margin of error of approximately 5 percent at a 95 percent confidence level with descriptive statistical data techniques where the data used to describe or summarize the main characteristics of the analysis of performance and effectiveness of political strategy leadership in Indonesia, the data tool uses SPSS statistics version 26, with a time of 2 years, with the results of the analysis of performance and effectiveness of political strategy leadership in Indonesia where scientific selection and training of workers, the role of civil society, political parties, the military, and do not know with an average of 86%.
Pruebas y desfasajes biográficos de ex residentes de comunidades terapéuticas religiosas
Authors: Güelman Martín
Published: October 2024

En este artículo, analizo las particularidades de las dinámicas de conformación de individualidad (socialización, subjetivación o individuación) y las modalidades de individuación (institucionalizada o singularista) en dos comunidades terapéuticas de fuerte impronta religiosa con sedes en el Área Metropolitana de Buenos Aires (Argentina). Para ello, recupero las experiencias de cuatro ex residentes. Quien abandona la comunidad afronta la compleja situación de volver a enfrentar un conjunto de pruebas que durante el tratamiento se encontraban suspendidas, o bien, de enfrentarlas sin un fuerte acompañamiento institucional. Esta transición suele acompañarse de desfasajes biográficos, es decir, sensaciones de ajenidad con el mundo y con los círculos de socialización y sociabilidad de los que formaba parte antes de su ingreso a la comunidad terapéutica.
Fairness Reactions to Personnel Selection Techniques in Morocco
Authors: Aouam Hamza , Belmouffeq Bouchra
Published: October 2024

Candidate reactions represent a pressing contemporary subject, with heightened expectations for favorable treatment from companies during recruitment. Negative encounters adversely affect employer branding and candidate attraction. Thus, meticulously cultivating the candidate experience is imperative. This research examines the responses of candidates to various hiring methods in Morocco. A total of 244 job seekers rated the favorability and fairness of selection methods, including interviews, resumes, work-sample tests, biographical information blanks, written ability tests, personal references, personality tests, honesty tests, graphology, and personal contacts. Moroccan job seekers completed an online questionnaire, and data were analyzed using IBM SPSS. The snowball sampling method was employed, with participants initially identified on LinkedIn. Our primary objective is to assess the prevalence of the ten selection procedures used in Morocco and examine candidates' favorability towards these approaches. Within-subjects analysis of variance (ANOVA) evaluated differences in candidates' responses to the selection methods. Applicants expressed the most positive responses towards résumés, work-sample tests, interviews, and personality tests, while graphology, references, and biographical information were the least favorable. Regarding procedural justice, applicants rated frequency of use, predictive validity, opportunity to perform, employer's rights, and face validity most positively, while interpersonal warmth and invasion of privacy were least valued. However, this study faced several limitations. The cross-sectional design hindered robust causal inferences, and reliance on single-item measures for procedural fairness and organizational outcomes limited our findings' depth. Generalizing results to the broader Moroccan population requires caution due to potential regional and sectoral variations. While snowball sampling increased the sample size, it precluded response rate calculation. Practical implications and future research perspectives are also highlighted.
The Sheltering Effect of A Cuddy During A Fire in an Underground Mine
Authors: Hansen Rickard
Published: October 2024

The most severe risk during a fire in an underground mine is the smoke spread, forcing the personnel to evacuate and take shelter. This study investigates the sheltering effect of a cuddy during a fire in an adjacent mine drift or a decline. The aim of the paper is to perform a parametric study on the sheltering effect, accounting for parameters such as the length of cuddy and ventilation velocity. Data from fire experiments in a model-scale mine drift and results from CFD simulations were used during the study. It was found that for a fire in an adjacent mine drift, extending the cuddy length resulted in the best conditions and increasing the heat release rate resulted in the worst conditions. An extended cuddy length will result in increased heat losses of the smoke layer. For a fire in an adjacent downslope decline, extending the cuddy length or increasing the ventilation velocity resulted in the best conditions. The increased ventilation velocity will cause an increased cooling of the smoke volumes entering the cuddy. An increased heat release rate resulted in the worst conditions. For the upslope decline case, extending the cuddy length resulted in the best conditions and increasing the heat release rate or increasing the ventilation velocity resulted in the worst conditions. An increased ventilation velocity in an upslope decline case will lead to larger portions of hot gases entering the cuddy.
Implicit Juror Bias: Does Racial Priming Impact the Race-Crime Congruency Effect?
Authors: Marquez Evangelina T. , Sperry Kathryn , Griffiths Emilia , Stuart Jack
Published: October 2024

Defendants who commit racially stereotypical crimes are judged more harshly compared to defendants who commit counter-stereotypic crimes. This is termed the race-crime congruency effect (e.g., Gordon et al., 2001; Jones & Kaplan, 2003). The present study sought to replicate the race-crime congruency hypothesis, and test whether racial priming would attenuate this effect. Participants (N = 361 White participants; 193 MTurk workers and 168 undergraduate participants) viewed a police report in which the crime was either embezzlement or gang crime, and the defendant was either White or Black. Half the participants were primed to think about their own race prior to viewing the police report. We employed a 2 (race-crime congruence) x 2 (defendant race) x 2 (racial prime) x 2 (sample) between-subjects design. The Black defendant was judged more harshly on several dependent measures, and this effect was largely driven by the undergraduate participants. For most dependent measures, we replicated the race-crime congruency effect only for the White defendant. Embezzlement committed by the White defendant led to more confidence in a guilty verdict, more responsibility for the crime, and an internal locus of causality compared to the White defendant who committed gang crime. Priming participants to think about their own race may have increased racial biases. Among the undergraduate sample, the racial prime led participants to give harsher punishment to the Black defendant compared to the White defendant. Implications and future directions are discussed.
Differences in Condom Use Patterns Between Couples and Singles in College-Aged Individuals
Authors: Stokes Gabrielle O. , Gulotta Kylie R. , Blansfield Rachel E. , Flanders Mackenzie S. , Drais-Parrillo Alicia
Published: October 2024

Condoms are safe and effective at preventing the risk of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and pregnancy (Hatcher, 2007; Holmes et al., 2004). However, when an individual enters a committed relationship, their condom use decreases significantly (Copen, 2017; Lehmiller et al., 2014; Matser et al., 2014; Weitzman et al., 2019). We surveyed 219 heterosexual individuals in committed relationships and 87 in noncommitted sexual relationships to determine differences in their condom use patterns. We collected data on individual psychometric characteristics (condom use attitudes, sexual narcissism, perceived invulnerability, concern for sexual pleasure, condom use self-efficacy, and concern for pregnancy and STIs), individual sexual behaviors (birth control usage, type of sexual activity, number of partners, number of sexual encounters), and couple characteristics (commitment and exclusivity). We modeled the predictors using hierarchical regressions. Our model for coupled participants was significant, F(3, 150) = 10.12, p = .002, R2 = .36, and included birth control, pregnancy, and condom use attitudes as significant predictors. Our model for single individuals was also significant, F(3, 82) = 18.02, p < .001, R2 = .38, and included STI concern, pregnancy concern, and condom use attitudes as significant predictors. Understanding predictors of when college-aged individuals in committed and casual relationships chose to use condoms may allow researchers to be able to create better, targeted tactics to promote condom use in the future.
The Impact of Technologies On Quality in the Provision of Public Health Services
Authors: Silva Ricardo Ribamar da , Campos Jessica da Silva , Vieira Silvana Lima , Silva Joelma Veras da , Marques Deise Luce de Sousa , Conceição Leandro Ribeiro da , Sousa Gustavo Rodrigues , Souse Pedro Felipe Araújo Alves de , Callou Filho Cesario Rui , Goes Keny Lucas da Silva , Rocha José Nathan Fernandes , Santiago Francisco Alipio de Oliveira , Assunção Élida Lúcia Ferreira
Published: October 2024

Objectives: The research aimed to analyze the impacts of e-health technologies on the quality of public health services.
 
Methodology: Using a bibliographical approach, existing studies, articles and academic sources were reviewed to compile information and provide a consolidated view on the topic. The methodology included data surveys on platforms such as SciELO, Scopus, Google Academic and Brazilian repositories, as well as floating readings that allowed a non-linear exploration of the sources.
 
Data results and analysis: Critical data analysis revealed that technologies such as electronic health records (RES), telemedicine and mobile health applications have significantly contributed to improving the quality of public health services, facilitating care coordination, expanding the reach of services, especially in remote areas, and promoting continuous monitoring of health conditions. These technologies have also optimized administrative efficiency and resource allocation. However, challenges remain, such as data privacy protection and empowerment of healthcare professionals.
 
Conclusion: In conclusion, e-health technologies have the potential to positively transform public health services, but addressing these challenges is essential to ensure effective and sustainable implementation.
Biological Activities, Extractive Methods and Phytochemical Characterization of Alternanthera brasiliana: a Systematic Review
Authors: Dorigon Elisangela Bini , Pessetti Regiane Chiamente , Bones Ubiratan Alegransi , Rossato Gabriel , Griebler Letieri , Magro Jacir Dal
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Alternanthera brasiliana, commonly known as Penicillin, belongs to the Amaranthaceae family and is popularly used in the treatment of various pathologies due to its anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and analgesic properties and its inhibitory activity against the herpes simplex virus. Despite its empirical use, pharmaceutical industry investigations into the biological characteristics of this species have been limited.
 
 Objective: Carry out a systematic literature review on the biological activities, types of extraction and chemical composition of Alternanthera brasiliana, aiming to provide an update on the state of the art of knowledge regarding the species, contributing to the scientific prospection of new drugs. Contribute to the development of drugs and expand understanding of the pharmacological properties of Alternanthera brasiliana. 
 
Materials and methods: Therefore, the guiding question of this research was the following: Do the chemical components and biological properties identified in Alternanthera brasiliana have pharmacological actions? The adopted methodology comprises a systematic literature review, searching for articles in the PubMed, SciELO, Web of Science, EBSCO, SCOPUS and Science Direct databases, covering the period from 2003 to 2023. Studies that address the chemical composition and the biological properties of Alternanthera brasiliana, using analytical methods such as LC-MS and GC-MS.
 
Results: The main constituents identified were phenolic compounds, flavonoids, tannins, glycosides, saponins, alkaloids and terpenes. These compounds were mainly extracted from leaves using hydroalcoholic, aqueous, ethanolic and methanolic extracts. Its highlighted biological activities include anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antioxidant, wound healing and antimicrobial effects.
 
Conclusion: Alternanthera brasiliana shows promise as a source for the development of new medicines due to its chemical composition and biological properties.
 
Originality: This study offers perspectives for application in the development of pharmaceuticals and nutraceutical products.
Advanced Life Support in Pregnant Women and Newborns: Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Challenges in the Management of Cardiorespiratory Arrest
Authors: Silva Carine Vitória Lemes da , Oliveira Maria Emília Barbosa de , Oliveira Heluza Monteiro de , López Andrés Santiago Quizhpi , Lima Ana Beatriz Rodrigues de , Hillesheim Vinicius Reimer , Oliveira Matheus de , Santos Kateryne de Jesus , Cunha Felipe da , Campos Felipe Lima Barros Ourem , Saraiva Maria Eduarda Storto , Ferreira Danielle Costa , Gomes Maria José Tatiane dos Santos
Published: October 2024

Objective: This study aims to analyze the prevalence, risk factors, and main challenges associated with advanced life support in situations of cardiorespiratory arrest in pregnant women and newborns, highlighting the importance of specific strategies and guidelines to improve maternal and neonatal outcomes.
 
Method: An integrative literature review was conducted based on studies published between 2019 and 2024. The research followed the PICo (Population, Interest and Context) strategy, focusing on pregnant women and newborns on CPA and advanced life support. 10 relevant studies were selected after critical analysis of 205 initial articles, using the PRISMA guidelines to ensure data quality.
 
Results and Discussion: A low incidence of cardiorespiratory arrest was observed, but with serious consequences for mothers and babies. The importance of perimortem cesarean section and adaptations in resuscitation, such as manual displacement of the uterus, stood out as crucial. Hypoglycemia and premature rupture of membranes were identified as significant causes. The integration of advanced protocols and specific training emerged as essential for improving results. The need for protocols adapted to the physiological changes of pregnancy and the importance of a trained multidisciplinary team are emphasized. The application of current guidelines, such as perimortem cesarean section, and continuous monitoring are crucial to optimize the management of CRP in pregnant women and newborns.
 
Conclusion: Advanced life support in CPA for pregnant women and newborns is complex and requires an adapted and well-trained approach. The review underlines the importance of adequate team preparation and the implementation of updated protocols to improve survival and clinical outcomes.
Surgical tactics for esophageal cancer with complete pathomorphosis after chemoradiotherapy
Authors: Sigua B. V. , Kurkov A. A. , Belyaeva A. V. , Bryantseva Zh. V. , Arseniev A. I. , Latariya E. L. , Tcelykovskaia O. B. , Mavidi I. P. , Arutyunyan K. V. , Vinnichuk S. A. , Zemlyanoy V. P.
Published: October 2024

Esophageal cancer is an oncological disease with a poor prognosis due to late diagnosis and detection of the tumor at a late stage. At present, the combined method of treatment is generally accepted for this pathology, starting from stage IIA. Preoperative chemoradiation therapy in this approach helps to achieve not only partial but also complete regression of the tumor. The question of the necessity of surgical tactics in this group of patients, due to the lack of clear recommendations, remains controversial at present. The article presents a successful case of neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy, which made it possible to achieve not only clinical, but also complete pathomorphological regression of the tumor. This tumor response to chemoradiation therapy occurs in less than a third of all patients with esophageal cancer. Despite this, complete regression of the tumor does not mean recovery.
Current trends in early rehabilitation of patients after total hip and knee replacement
Authors: Tsed A. N. , Kozhevin A. A. , Mushtin N. E.
Published: October 2024

The OBJECTIVE of the study was to analyze specialized publications concerning the tactics of rehabilitation treatment of patients after total knee and hip replacement based on the Fast-track protocol.

METHODS AND MATERIALS. We presented a systematic review of current literature, including 80 publications with a search depth of up to 45 years.

RESULTS. Components of the enhanced recovery program for large joint replacement are as follows: Preoperative stage: patient education, extremity joint exercises with a rehabilitation specialist, breathing exercises, avoidance of premedication with opioid analgesics, oral multimodal analgesia, preoperative oral carbohydrate load, absence of fluids in the oral cavity 2–3 hours before surgery, avoidance of preoperative fasting. Intraoperative stage: spinal or combined anesthesia, the use of regional anesthesia, intravenous dexamethasone, the use of tranexamic acid, intraoperative avoidance of excessive intravenous administration of colloid and crystalloid solutions, active intraoperative warming. Postoperative stage: multimodal oral analgesia, early mobilization (6–12–24 hours after surgery), passive-active exercises for 12–24 hours after surgery, preparation for verticalization.

CONCLUSION. The most popular hardware methods are mechanotherapy, cryotherapy, laser therapy, magnetic therapy and electrical neuromyostimulation. The introduction of computer technology into the postoperative rehabilitation program after large joints replacement makes it possible to restore an individual gait stereotype. A potentially promising direction is the introduction of artificial intelligence into early rehabilitation methods.
The effectiveness of local anesthesia of the trocar wound area in the correction of postoperative pain syndrome in colorectal oncosurgery
Authors: Zakharenko A. A. , Ten O. A. , Zverev P. V. , Orlova A. A. , Polushin Yu. S.
Published: October 2024

INTRODUCTION. Severe pain syndrome is a significant complication of the postoperative period. Despite the prevalence of laparoscopic surgical interventions for colorectal cancer, there is still a lack of commonly agreed strategies to provide the most effective perioperative analgesia in such patients. Multimodal analgesia is a modern method of anesthesia that affects multiple components of the pathogenesis of pain syndrome. Proposed as a gold standard for open colorectal surgeries, thoracic epidural anesthesia as a component of multimodal analgesia does not show the same beneficial results in laparoscopic colorectal intervention.

The OBJECTIVE was to compare different techniques of local anesthesia and to identify the most perspective method of local anesthesia as a part of a multimodal analgesia in terms of effectiveness and affordability in daily practice.

METHODS AND MATERIALS. A review of the current scientific literature was conducted in order to search and assess the usability of different local anesthesia techniques.

CONCLUSION. Infiltration of a local anesthetic solution into the trocar wound area is the most uncomplicated and affordable method of anesthesia, comparable in efficacy with other methods of locoregional anesthesia, which can potentially be a promising component of multimodal analgesia in colorectal oncosurgery.
Can Urban Design Foster Greater Inclusivity for Women in Public Spaces?
Authors: Benny Nimmy , R Sharat Sunder , K Prajitha T , Kini Manoj Kumar
Published: October 2024

As urbanization accelerates globally, creating inclusive public spaces that accommodate women's rights and freedoms becomes increasingly vital. This study critically assesses the impact of urban environments on women in public spaces within the Indian context, focusing on Marine Drive in Kochi, Kerala. Employing field investigations, mapping, and both qualitative and quantitative analyses—including surveys of 100 women—the research explores elements affecting women's quality of life in urban settings. Key factors identified include safety concerns, inadequate accessibility, and insufficient infrastructure that hinder women's equitable participation in public spaces. Literature reviews and case studies highlighted parameters influencing women's experiences, such as land use, mobility, visibility, and safety. A theoretical framework addressing design, physical, environmental, cultural, and economic aspects was developed to create gender-sensitive urban spaces. Applying this framework to the design element of land led to specific guidelines enhancing accessibility, mobility, and permeability, which are crucial for women's comfort and security. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of women's interactions with urban environments and provide a foundation for urban planners and policymakers to develop women-friendly public spaces, thereby promoting inclusivity and enhancing the overall urban experience.
Predx-Tools
Authors: Falkenstein Brian , Quinn Shannon , Chennubhotla Chakra , Pullara Filippo , Yan Raymond
Published: October 2024

Histopathological images, which are digitized images of human or animal tissue, contain insights into disease state. Typically, a pathologist will look at a slide under a microscope to make decisions about prognosis and treatment. Due to the high complexity of the data, applying automatic image analysis is challenging. Often, human intervention in the form of manual annotation or quality control (QC) is required. Additionally, the data itself varies considerably in available features, size, and shape. Thus, a streamlined and interactive approach is a necessary part of any digital pathology pipeline. We present PredX-Tools, a suite of simple and easy to use python GUI applications which facilitate analysis of histopathological images and provide a no-code platform for data scientists and researchers to perform analysis on raw and transformed data.
Factors Influencing Student Learning in Geometric Optics Using Flipped Classroom Approach: A Cross-sectional Analysis of Four Cohorts
Authors: Dhamu Nesbert , Kriek Jeanne
Published: October 2024

The study has two aims: firstly, to establish what key factors influence tertiary student learning after four years of using a flipped classroom approach (FCA), and secondly, if teaching using FCA influenced conceptual understanding using the pedagogical link-making framework. Design-based research was used as methodology. Data were collected from 3rd year Bachelor of Education degree programme student cohorts (N = 476) for four years using the Student Assessment of Learning Gains (SALG) questionnaire. Data were analysed using factor analysis statistics for the quantitative part of the questionnaire, while a deductive-quantitative approach was employed in the qualitative part of the questionnaire. Findings indicate 11 key factors influencing students’ learning over four years, with assessment playing the most significant role, followed by videos, class discussions and instruction. The other key factors are the level of content, feedback provided, lecturer, after-class activities, other supporting learning materials, and guidance. These factors were interpreted using the three forms of the pedagogical link-making framework. The data indicated that each of the key factors was addressed in the three forms, showing that understanding was enhanced. The unique contribution is to establish the key factors to influence student learning using FCA and see if the key factors indicated facilitated conceptual understanding.
Salmonella Aortitis in a Kidney Transplant Patient
Authors: Harshe Pradnya , Lad Vidyadhar , Raut Abhijit , Kulkarni Niranjan
Published: October 2024

Aortitis due to salmonella is a rare complication in kidney transplant recipients. In the general population, mortality among those with salmonella aortitis stands at 60%. We report a case of a kidney transplant recipient diagnosed with Salmonella aortitis affecting the bifurcation of the abdominal aorta. He underwent successful excision of the affected aorta with aortoiliac bifurcation graft replacement along with long-term antibiotic therapy.
Nephrology Services in Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Prasad Narayan , Meyyappan Jeyakumar , Veeranki Vamsidhar
Published: October 2024

Uttar Pradesh comprises 16.5% of India’s population and is the most populated state of the country. Compared to the central government budget of 2.1% of GDP on health care, the state has promised an expenditure of 7.2% on health care. The hot, humid summer and dry winter predispose people to many vector-borne diseases, which increase the surge of acute kidney injury. The trained medical and non-paramedical personnel are insufficient to cater for the estimated population of 48,000 end-stage kidney disease patients in the UP. Each district has a dialysis unit; however, the number of dialysis machines is insufficient, and the kidney transplant facilities are limited mainly to the capital of the state. Peritoneal dialysis penetration is very low.
ЭВОЛЮЦИЯ СУБСТРУКТУРЫ ЦЕМЕНТИТА РЕЛЬСОВ ИЗ ЗАЭВТЕКТОИДНОЙ СТАЛИ ПРИ ЭКСПЛУАТАЦИИ
Authors: Громов В.Е. , Иванов Ю.Ф. , Порфирьев М.А. , Шлярова Ю.А.
Published: October 2024

Методами, просвечивающие электронный микроскопии выполнен анализ субструктуры цемента в головке длинномерных рельсов специального назначения категории ДТ400ИК из заэвтектоидной стали после длительной эксплуатации на экспериментально на кольце РЖД (пропущенный тоннаж 187 млн. тонн). Показано, что после эксплуатации пластины цементита искривляются и разделяются ферритными мостиками. В пластинах феррита и цементита формируется дислокационная субструктура: хаотически распределенного и сеченого типа в феррите и упорядоченная в цементе. Отмечена повышенная плотность дислокаций на межфазных границах феррит-цементит по сравнению с объемом ферритных пластин. Указаны два возможных механизма деформационного преобразования зерен пластинчатого перлита: разрушение пластин цементита и вытягивание углерода из решетки карбидной фазы. Указано, что вынос углерода из цементитных пластин происходит наиболее интенсивно вблизи дефектов феррите и цементите. Образованные наноразмерные частицы третичного цементита распределены в ферритных пластинах неравномерно, большая их часть наблюдается в местах расположения ферритных субзерен и межфазных границ. Это приводит к неоднородному дифракционному контрасту на темнопольных изображениях цементных пластин. Выявлена фрагментация пластин феррита и цементита и оценены азимутальные составляющие углов полной разориентации. По всем установленным закономерностям преобразования субструктуры цементита осуществлено сравнение с результатами для рельсов из доэвтектоидной стали.