bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
P.A. Oyunsky’s Linguistic Concept as the Language Construction Fundamental Basis in Yakutia
Authors: Данилова Н.И. , Попова Н.И.
Published: July 2024

Статья посвящена анализу лингвистической концепции П.А. Ойунского через призму ее истоков, основных принципов и положений, не утративших актуальности и в современных условиях. Материалом статьи послужили тексты выступлений П.А. Ойунского в средствах массовой информации, посвященные вопросам развития языка, а также текст его кандидатской диссертации, опубликованной в третьем томе избранных сочинений в 1993 г. Проанализированы его идеи по важнейшим вопросам языкового строительства ‒ графике, орфографии, терминологии. Лингвистическая концепция П.А. Ойунского и в наше время имеет действенную силу и требует осмысления применительно к решению важнейших задач языковой политики в республике.

The scientific novelty of the study lies in an integrated approach using elements of historical review and methods of linguistic analysis in the study of P.A. Oyunsky’s conceptual ideas on the most important issues of language construction, proclaimed at the beginning of the 20th century. The goal of the authors of the article is an analytical understanding of these ideas in relation to the peculiarities of the functioning of the Yakut language as the state language in modern conditions. To achieve the goal, the following tasks are solved: a review of the socio-political situation in the republic in the 20-30s of the 20th century; analysis of the main ideas of P.A. Oyunsky on issues of national writing, spelling and terminology at the beginning of the 20th century; assessment of the linguistic concept of P.A. Oyunsky in the context of language policy in modern Yakutia. Methods of linguistic description and elements of historical analysis were used: a review of documents, archival materials, historical facts, a narrative method, with the help of which a description of the facts of the activities of the politician and scientist is given. The result of the study: Linguistic concept of P.A. Oyunsky has effective force in relation to solving the most important problems of language policy in the republic today. His conscious spelling and terminological activities in the Yakut language made it possible to develop principles that have become firmly established in both orthographic and terminological practice. He substantiated the expediency of including special letters such as zh, z, f, v into the Yakut alphabet to designate specific sounds of a foreign language and proclaim the phonetic-morphological principle of their spelling; the use of affixes, ezafe, neologisms, the use of archaisms and dialectisms, etc. to create terms. P.A. Oyunsky’s merit also lies in the fact that he put humanities in Yakutia on a scientific basis, implementing the idea of creating the Center for Scientific Research represented by the Institute of Language and Culture at the Council of People’s Commissars of the YASSR.
Representation of Languages in Visual Texts of Yakutsk
Authors: Манчурина Л.Е.
Published: July 2024

Новизна исследования заключается в комплексном анализе текстов визуальной информации центральных улиц столицы Республики Саха (Якутия) г. Якутска – проспекта Ленина и улицы Дзержинского, собранных методом сплошной фиксации материала. Результаты исследования показали, что в визуальных текстах указанных улиц используются в основном русский, английский и якутский языки, причем русский доминирует. Это позволяет сделать вывод о том, что в Республике Саха (Якутия) в полной мере реализуются государственный и функциональный статусы русского языка как государственного языка Российской Федерации. Вместе с тем наблюдается очевидный дисбаланс в использовании языков в лингвистическом ландшафте города по отношению к другим коренным языкам республики.

The novelty of the research lies in a comprehensive analysis of the texts of visual information of the central streets of the capital of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), Yakutsk – Lenin Avenue and Dzerzhinsky Street. The purpose of the study is to characterize the linguistic situation in the visual space of Yakutsk from the point of view of the representation of the state and official languages of Yakutia in it (using the example of the linguistic landscape of the central streets). The method of continuous fixation of material, a sociological method of collecting and analyzing texts of the linguistic landscape. Russian, English and Yakut languages are mainly used in the visual texts of the specified streets of Yakutsk, with Russian dominating. This allows us to conclude that the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) fully implements the state and functional statuses of the Russian language as the official language of the Russian Federation. At the same time, there is an obvious imbalance in the use of languages in the linguistic landscape of the city in relation to other indigenous languages of the republic.
Architectonics of Textual Unity of the Russian Religious Symbolists Works
Authors: Борисова Л.М. , Курьянов С.О.
Published: July 2024

Наследие русских религиозных символистов А. Блока, А. Белого, В. Иванова рассматривается в статье с точки зрения современной теории сверхтекста. Символистское текстовое единство объединяет в себе признаки как ассоциативно-смыслового (наличие концептуального ядра, мифопоэтических констант), так и циклического (цикл как жанр и композиционный принцип) типов сверхтекста. Ядром у теургов является программа, возлагающая на искусство религиозные функции. В художественном творчестве она реализуется системой устойчивых символов (солнце, заря, музыка, роза, крест, Дионис, золото, лазурь и др.) Показаны своеобразие каждого из авторских сверхтекстов и их взаимодействие между собой. После кризиса символизма в 1910-е годы в коллективно-авторской форме символистский сверхтекст перестает существовать, но в авторских сохраняются все его изначальные черты. Впоследствии художественное творчество В. Иванова и А. Белого определяется новыми программами: единения церквей у первого, антропософской у второго. Осознанность и системность творческих установок символистов позволяет определять их сверхтекст как направленческий или программный.

The relevance of the article is due to modern interest in the essence and varieties of supertexts and constant attention to the work of Russian religious symbolists. The purpose of the study is to outline the range of artistic techniques and extra-artistic tasks of representatives of Russian religious symbolism, which contribute to the perception of their heritage as a super-textual formation. The tendency towards cyclization is due to the programmatic nature of the work of Russian symbolists and forms the core of textual unity. The symbolist text is connected by cross-cutting motifs, symbols, lyrical plots, and the compositional core of the super-text in many cases becomes individual cycles (lyrical and dramatic cycles of A. Blok and Vyach. Ivanov, lyrical and novel cycles of A. Blok and Vyach. Ivanov, A. Bely). Symbolist supertext is a complex formation that contains signs of both an associative-semantic supertext (conceptual core, a system of mythopoetic constants) and cyclical (at the genre and compositional, intra- and inter-genre levels) textual unity. This synthetic type determines the specificity of the supertext of each of the theurgists even after the collapse of the symbolism school, subsequently being transformed by Ivanov and Bely under the influence of their new religious and philosophical programs. Actually, the entire complex of texts connected by the idea of transformation of the world can be considered a symbolist supertext. Artistic textual unity is mediated in Russian religious symbolism by its life-creative model. The awareness and systematic nature of the theurgists’ creative attitudes makes it possible to define their supertext as directional or programmatic.
The Role of Impressions in the Interpersonal Relationships of Characters in the Novel “The Idiot” by F.M. Dostoevsky
Authors: Макаричева Н.А.
Published: July 2024

Предлагается новый подход к дифференциации героев Ф.М. Достоевского с учетом особенностей их душевной жизни. Основой для дифференциации становятся эмоции, впечатления и воображение как составляющие душевной жизни персонажей, а также их соотношение в каждом индивидуальном случае. На примере образа князя Мышкина рассматривается, как первые впечатления определяют дальнейшие межличностные отношения героев и (в отдельных случаях) являются провиденциальными для их судеб. Предложенный подход расширяет представления о специфике художественных образов русского писателя и может быть распространен на других героев Ф.М. Достоевского.

The scientific novelty is determined by the fact that the article proposes a new approach to assessing the F.M. Dostoevsky’s heroes. Along with existing typologies and characterologies, differentiation is proposed taking into account the characteristics of the mental life of the heroes and the identification of dominants in their inner world: emotions, impressions or imagination. The identification of emotional, impressionable or imaginative heroes is to a certain extent arbitrary, but it helps to better understand the peculiarity of the writer’s images. The purpose of the article is to show, using the example of the novel “The Idiot,” how first impressions determine the further interpersonal relationships of the characters. Research methods. The main one is the problem-thematic method of studying literary text. Research results. In the novel “The Idiot,” the main character (Prince Myshkin) is endowed with a unique ability to make emotional contact with other people, to influence with his unique charm. He is spiritually sensitive and therefore insightful in his first impressions of the faces of the people around him. His impressions not only help to understand the personality of another in a non-rational way, but are also often providential for the future fate of the character.
CATALYTIC INTENSIFICATION OF AEROBIC DEGRADATION PROCESSES OF NITROCELLULOSE IN LIQUID-PHASE AND SOLID-PHASE CONDITIONS
Authors: ГЛАДЧЕНКО М А. , ГАЙДАМАКА С Н. , КОРНИЛОВ И В. , КОРНИЛОВА А А.
Published: July 2024

Исследовано влияние целлюлолитического катализатора на интенсификацию аэробных процессов деградации нитроцеллюлозы (НЦ), в процессе жидкофазной и твердофазной ферментации. Целлюлолитический катализатор вносился в концентрациях 2 %, 3 %, 4 %, 5 % от массы НЦ на 1 кг сухого осадка. Двукратное применение целлюлолитического катализатора в концентрациях 2 %, 3 % и 4 % при жидкофазной ферментации донного осадка с НЦ показало деградацию до 59 % за 18 дней. Однократное внесение целлюлолитического фермента в тех же концентрациях в массу осадков с НЦ при твердофазном компостировании привело к средней степени разложения НЦ до 25 % за 7 суток. Максимальное разложение НЦ достигается при последовательном проведении процессов жидкофазной и твердофазной ферментаций осадка с НЦ с каталитической интенсификацией процесса на второй стадии компостирования при 65 °С. После внесения катализатора на второй стадии в концентрации 5 % в массу донных осадков с НЦ было достигнуто дополнительное сокращение содержания НЦ на 41 % в течение 5 дней в процессе твердофазного компостирования. В результате применения двухстадийной технологии было достигнуто высокое освобождение осадков от НЦ, не менее чем на 65 % от начального содержания.

The effect of a cellulolytic catalyst on the intensification of aerobic degradation processes of nitrocellulose (NC) in the process of liquid-phase and solid-phase fermentation has been studied. The cellulolytic catalyst was introduced in concentrations 2 %, 3 %, 4 %, 5 % of the mass of the NC per 1 kg of dry sediment. The double application of a cellulolytic catalyst in concentrations of 2 %, 3 % and 4 % during liquid-phase fermentation of bottom sediment with NC showed degradation to 59% in 18 days. A single introduction of a cellulolytic enzyme in the same concentrations into the mass ofprecipitation from HC during solid-phase composting led to an average degree of decomposition of HC up to 25 % in 7 days. The maximum decomposition of NC is achieved by sequentially carrying out the processes of liquid-phase and solid-phase fermentation of sludge with NC with catalytic intensification of the process at the second stage of composting at 65 °C. After applying the catalyst in the second stage at a concentration of 5 % to the mass of bottom sediments from NC, an additional reduction in the content of NC by 41 % was achieved within 5 days during solid-phase composting. As a result of the application of two-stage technology, a high precipitation release from the NC was achieved, at least 65 % of the initial content.
INFLUENCE OF BIOPLASTICIZER ON THE HEAT STABILITY OF POLYVINYL CHLORIDE
Authors: МАЗИНА Л А. , АМИНОВА А Ф. , СУПРОНЕНКО Д А. , ДИДЕНКО М С.
Published: July 2024

Поливинилхлорид - универсальный полимер, ему нет равных по способности к модификации свойств, поэтому на основе ПВХ производят огромное количество материалов и изделий с широким диапазоном характеристик. Существенным недостатком ПВХ является низкая стабильность, поэтому для решения практических задач, которые неминуемо возникают при переработке и эксплуатации ПВХ-материалов и изделий, применяется широкий ассортимент добавок различного назначения - стабилизаторы, пластификаторы, наполнители и др. Однако в современных условиях возрастают требования к экологической безопасности полимерных материалов, выявлению потенциальных угроз здоровью человека со стороны используемых добавок В данной работе исследовано влияние концентрации ЭМЭРМ на твердость по Шору и температуру хрупкости ПВХ пластиката; изучена зависимость содержания летучих веществ в смеси пластификаторов. Исследовано влияние пластификатора на биологической основе - эпоксидированного метилового эфира растительного масла (ЭМЭРМ) на термостойкость поливинилхлорида. Установлено, что полная замена диоктилфталата на ЭМЭРМ позволяет повысить термостойкость ПВХ-пластификата. Отмечено также повышение устойчивости к изменению цвета при высокотемпературном нагреве.

Polyvinyl chloride is a universal polymer and has no equal in its ability to modify properties. Therefore, PVC is used to produce a huge number of materials and products with a wide range of characteristics. However, a significant disadvantage of PVC is its low stability, therefore, to solve practical problems that inevitably arise during the processing and operation of PVC materials and products, a wide range of additives for various purposes is used - stabilizers, plasticizers, fillers, etc. However, in modern conditions, requirements for the environmental safety of polymer materials are increasing. Identifying potential threats to human health from additives used. In this work, the effect of EMERM concentration on the Shore hardness and brittleness temperature of PVC plastic compound was studied; the dependence of the content of volatile substances in a mixture of plasticizers was studied. The effect of a biologically based plasticizer, vegetable oil epoxidized methyl ester (VEME), on the heat resistance of polyvinyl chloride was investigated. It has been established that complete replacement of dioctyl phthalate with EMERM makes it possible to increase the heat resistance of PVC plasticizer. An increase in resistance to color changes during high-temperature heating was also noted.
LAMINAR THERMAL CONCENTRATION CONVECTION OF LIQUEFIED GASES IN A CYLINDER DURING LONG-TERM STORAGE
Authors: СУМИН В А. , РЯЖСКИХ В И. , ГРОМОВ Ю Ю.
Published: July 2024

В статье представлен теоретический анализ гидротермической обстановки в криогенном резервуаре при хранении сжиженных газов в условиях растворяющегося осадка высококипящих примесей на смоченной поверхности с учетом теплового потока через стенки из-за неидеальности тепловой изоляции. Выписана несопряженная математическая модель, основанная на физической линеаризации уравнений Обербека-Буссинеска относительно полей скоростей, температур и концентраций. Задача разбита на три части тепловую, концентрационную и термоконцентрационную, каждая из которых решена аналитически с помощью применения преобразования Лапласа по безразмерному времени , конечного интегрального косинус-преобразования Фурье по пространственной координате и преобразования Ханкеля. Получено, что при незначительных концентрационных числах Грасгофа, наблюдается отсутствие течения жидкости и, как следствие, уменьшение испаряемости, что говорит о том, что линии тока концентрационные и тепловые подавляют друг друга.

The article presents a theoretical analysis of the hydrothermal situation in a cryogenic tank during storage of lique ed gases under conditions of a dissolving sediment of high-boiling impurities on a wetted surface, taking into account the heat ow through the walls due to imperfect thermal insulation. A non-conjugate mathematical model is written, based on the physical linearization of the Oberbeck-Boussinesq equations with respect to the elds of velocities, temperatures and concentrations. The problem is divided into three parts: thermal, concentration and thermoconcentration, each of which is solved analytically using the Laplace transform in dimensionless time, the nite integral cosine Fourier transform in the spatial coordinate and the Hankel transform. It was found that at low concentration Grashof numbers, there is a lack of liquid ow and, as a consequence, a decrease in evaporation, which indicates that the concentration and thermal current lines suppress each other.
HISTORY OF STUDYING THE BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER: ACHIEVEMENTS AND MISTAKES
Authors: ШУВАЛОВА М Л.
Published: July 2024

Гематоэнцефалический барьер (ГЭБ) - структура, которая регулирует обмен веществ между кровью и головным мозгом. Внимательный анализ литературы показывает, что многие концепции, касающиеся ГЭБ, неверны. Введение концепции кровеносного барьера мозга часто приписывается Эрлиху, однако он не признавал, что проницаемость сосудов мозга отличается от других органов. Термин «кровеносный барьер мозга» часто приписывается Левандовски, но он не встречается в его работах. Первой использовала этот термин Штерн в начале 1920-х годов. Также встречается убеждение, что у эмбрионов и новорожденных ГЭБ более проницаем, чем у взрослых животных. Это имеет слабые экспериментальные подтверждения, которые часто неправильно интерпретируют и цитируют. Неправильное понимание природы ГЭБ негативно влияет на его изучение, тормозит исследования связанных с ним заболеваний и затрудняет поиск лекарств для лечения его нарушений. В данной работе приведен исторический обзор исследований, посвященных ГЭБ - от XVII века до наших дней, рассмотрены случаи ошибок и неверного толкования экспериментов, а также описано современное понимание того, чем ГЭБ (не) является.

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a structure that regulates the exchange of substances between the blood and the brain. A careful analysis of the literature shows that many concepts regarding the BBB are incorrect. The introduction of the concept of the brain's vascular barrier is often attributed to Ehrlich, but he did not acknowledge that the permeability of brain vessels differs from that of other organs. The term "blood-brain barrier" is often attributed to Lewandowsky, but it does not appear in his works. The first to use this term was Stern in the early 1920s. There is also a belief that in embryos and newborns, the BBB is more permeable than in adult animals. This has weak experimental evidence, which is often misinterpreted and cited. Misunderstanding the nature of the BBB negatively affects its study, hinders research on related diseases, and complicates the search for drugs to treat its disorders. This paper provides a historical overview of BBB research from the 17th century to the present day, examines cases of errors and misinterpretation of experiments, and describes the modern understanding of what the BBB is (not).
ALGORITHMS FOR SEARCHING TARGETS ON ROUTES WITH RISK
Authors: НАРТОВ Б К. , ПОЛУЯНОВ А Н.
Published: July 2024

В работе сформулированы основные стратегии оптимального управления поиском неподвижных целей с заданными распределениями координат на маршрутах с заданными распределениями риска потери поисковых единиц (ПЕ). Соответствующие задачи исследованы при максимизируемых критериях качества: «вероятность обнаружения цели» и «разность вероятности обнаружения цели и вероятности потери ПЕ». Получены расчётные формулы исходов неопти-мизируемого просмотра маршрута, формализованы задачи оптимального прерывания поиска в вариантах планирования и управления поиском в реальном масштабе времени. Обсуждаются задачи поиска с коррекцией исходных распределений координат целей и распределений рисков в реальном масштабе времени. Описаны имитационные эксперименты, верифицирующие аналитические результаты работы. Разработанные прикладные программы имитации поиска позволяют вычислять эффективности основных стратегий просмотра маршрутов при любых заданных аналитически или таблично распределениях риска и координат целей.

The paper formulates the basic strategies for optimal control of the search for fixed targets with given distributions of coordinates on routes with given distributions of the risk of losing search units. The corresponding tasks have been studied under maximized quality criteria: "probability of target detection" and "difference between the probability of target detection and the probability of losing a search unit." Calculation formulas for the outcomes of non-optimized route scanning have been obtained, and the problems of optimal search interruption have been formalized in options for planning and managing the search in real time. Search problems with correction of the initial distributions of target coordinates and risk distributions in real time are discussed. Simulation experiments that verify the analytical results of the work are described. The developed search simulation application programs make it possible to calculate the effectiveness of the main route scanning strategies for any given analytically or tabular distributions of risk and target coordinates.
RESEARCH OF VVIDEO NAVIGATION METHODS FOR AIRCRAFTS
Authors: САЗОНОВА Т.В. , ШЕЛАГУРОВА М.С.
Published: July 2024

В статье представлены результаты сравнительной оценки точности двух методов видеонавигации летательных аппаратов. Метод одометрической видеонавигнации основан на сравнении двух последовательно полученных во времени видеоизображений с камеры. Метод «по привязке изображений к местности» основан на сравнении полученного видеоизображения с камеры и синтезированного изображения, сформированного по фотоснимкам местности, карте рельефа, текущим навигационным параметрам (широта, долгота, высота, курс, крен, тангаж летательного аппарата) и углам установки камеры. В статье приведены результаты экспериментальных исследований по оценке точностных характеристик данных методов, реализованных в бортовом вычислителе.

The paper presents the results of a comparative assessment of the accuracy of two methods of video navigation for aircraft. The method of odometric video navigation is based on the comparison of two sequentially received in time video images from the camera. The method of "by georeferencing" is based on the comparison of the received video image from the camera and the synthesized image formed by the terrain photos, relief map, current navigation parameters (latitude, longitude, altitude, heading, roll, pitch of the aircraft) and camera installation angles. The paper presents the results of experimental studies to evaluate the accuracy characteristics of these methods implemented in the on-board computer.
AGRONOMISTS IN FRANCE AND THE USSR IN THE INTERWAR PERIOD: NETWORKING AND POLITICS
Authors: ХАБЛОВА Е С.
Published: July 2024

Настоящая статья посвящена влиянию политических отношений между Францией и СССР на развитие научных контактов в области агрономии. На примерах научной деятельности агрономов - Леона Руэ, А. Демолона и Д.Н. Прянишникова - показано становление прочного союза между французскими и советскими учеными, а также взаимовлияние их идей на развитие научного знания.

This article is devoted to the influence of political relations between France and the USSR on the development of scientific contacts in the field of agronomy. The examples of scientific activities of agronomists - Leon Rouet, A. Demolon and D.N. Pryanishnikov -show the formation of a strong alliance between French and Soviet scientists, as well as the mutual influence of their ideas on the development of scientific knowledge.
What makes a medical translator?
Authors: Chereji Raluca
Published: July 2024

Advancements in healthcare and the rise of patient-centredness have increased workloads for professional medical translators. In parallel, new and emerging technologies are impacting translators’ output and workflows, though investigations into the medical translation domain remain scarce. This article presents the results of an international survey on 165 professional medical translators to identify trends concerning their socio-demographic and professional profiles, the textual- and process-related challenges of translating medical texts aimed at patients as laypersons, and their use of technology, specifically Computer-Assisted Translation (CAT) tools and Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR). Results show that the medical translators surveyed have decades-long experience in translation and come primarily from a linguistic background. They find specialised terminology and delivery deadlines as most challenging when translating patient-facing medical texts. Finally, most medical translators in our survey use CAT tools when translating or post-editing, although a small minority also integrate ASR tools into their workflows.
Professional and novice audio describers: quality assessments and audio interactions
Authors: Nakajima Sawako , Mitobe Kazutaka
Published: July 2024

Empowering novice describers can reduce costs and expand access to high-quality audio descriptions (ADs). This study explored differences between novice and professional practices by analysing their ADs for a 3:42-minute scene from a Japanese fictional film. A film producer rated both the overall quality and volume quality of ADs. The perceived AD volume quality reflects the comprehensive volume experience within ADs beyond loudness. The assessment revealed that ADs created by ten novices using speech synthesis reached approximately 60% of both the overall quality and volume quality of published ADs with human voice. Kernel density estimation showed significantly lower mean loudness in published ADs than in novice ADs. Additionally, a significant negative correlation existed between perceived AD volume quality and mean film loudness during AD presentation across all AD sets. However, published ADs had longer durations compared to novice ADs. Contrasting cueing strategies were observed. Published ADs relied on film sounds, whereas novice ADs leaned on visual cues. Consequently, we developed a professional technique: carefully curating the film information to be heard and balancing AD placement to ensure the audio experience of both ADs and film sound without abrupt AD loudness increases. This sonic approach empowers novices to craft impactful ADs.
More than just non-professional translators: The public perception of Chinese fansubbers in an English as a Lingua Franca world
Authors: Gao Bin , Shen Zhourong
Published: July 2024

This study explores the public perception of Chinese fansubbers in an English as a Lingua Franca (ELF) world. The analysis draws from a survey gathering both quantitative and qualitative data from 327 respondents. In an ELF world, Chinese audiences have demonstrated increasing linguistic competence in their appreciation of fansubbing, which has in turn enhanced their language acquisition. While fansubbers are often seen as amateur translators when compared with their professional counterparts, this study suggests that this distinction, already somewhat blurred within academic discourse, is of little concern to the public. In addition to their role as translators, fansubbers are perceived as cultural brokers and language educators who not only teach but also inspire a new generation of viewers to engage with foreign languages, cultures and translation. The public perception of Chinese fansubbers extends beyond translation quality to include broader and more positive attributes. The findings lead to a new understanding of the social impact of fansubbers.
Activist subtitling narrates liminoid experiences countering ISIS post-Arab Spring—Daya alTaseh and The Bigh daddy Show
Authors: Mansi Mennatallah
Published: July 2024

This paper examines activist subtitling practices in light of the two sociological concepts of narrativity and liminality. With particular focus on online contemporary activist communities that counter extremism, subtitling is studied as part of the cultural liminoid practices that produce and disseminate alternative narratives challenging the rigid frames of global jihadism. Launched as reactions to the repercussions of the Arab Spring and the establishment of the so-called Islamic State in Iraq and Syria, ضايعة الطاسة Daya alTaseh and ذا بيج دادي شوو The Bigh daddy Show are two activist online media initiatives that spread counter-jihadist narratives in Arabic subtitled in English. The study attempts to investigate the narratives mediated in the subtitles and their reflections of liminality. The subtitling in both initiatives is scrutinised and compared using a two-fold theoretical framework combining the socio-narrative theory in translation studies and theories on activist translation. Guided by this framework, the paper applies a descriptive qualitative analysis to data collected from observations and interviews. The data analysis reveals the distinct liminoid stories of Daya alTasehand The Bigh daddy Show as narrated in the English subtitles, pinpointing the similarities and differences between them. User interaction with both initiatives is also highlighted as a contributor to the development of the subtitling process.
Effects of subtitles on vocabulary learning through videos: An exploration across different learner types
Authors: Chen Sijia
Published: July 2024

This study examines the effect of four subtitling conditions — no subtitle, intralingual subtitles, interlingual subtitles, and keyword subtitles — on vocabulary learning among diverse learner groups, as well as their perception of the effectiveness of subtitles. The study involved four participant types, all learning English as a foreign language: second-year primary school students (N = 147), fourth-year primary school students (N = 97), middle school students (year 8, N = 38), and high school students (year 10, N = 50). Participants watched videos under different subtitling conditions, followed by a vocabulary test. Our findings revealed that middle and high school students scored higher on vocabulary meaning recall when subtitles were provided. Meanwhile, second- and fourth-year primary school students did not benefit from the subtitles in terms of meaning recognition. Among the subtitle types, bilingual keyword subtitles were the most effective for middle school students, while interlingual subtitles proved to be the best for high school students. Generally, the students' perception of the effectiveness of the subtitles in the experiment aligned with their actual learning outcomes.
DAMPAK PENDAYAGUNAAN ZAKAT PRODUKTIF TERHADAP KESEJAHTERAAN MUSTAHIK PROGRAM EKONOMI OLEH BADAN AMIL ZAKAT NASIONAL KOTA PONTIANAK
Authors: Muslimah Hikmah Dina
Published: July 2024

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bagaimana dampak zakat produktif untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan mustahik pada badan Amil zakat nasional kota Pontianak. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif deskriptif. Jenis data yang digunakan adalah data primer dan data sekunder. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah dengan wawancara, koesinoner dan dokumentasi. Metode analisis dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan analisis persentase. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa program zakat produktif yang ada di baznas kota Pontianak cukup berdampak pada kesejahteraan mustahik, Hal ini dapat dilihat dari meningkatnya jumlah pendapatan mustahik setelah mendapatkan bantuan modal disertai dengan pengembangan usaha, sehingga cukup membantu dalam memenuhi kebutuhan hidupnya sehari-hari.Kata kunci : dampak zakat produktif untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan mustahik
A Custom 3D Printed Permeate Probe Device for Enhanced Membrane Monitoring and Characterization
Authors: Ouimet Jonathan , Al-Badani Faraj , Liu Xinhong , Lair Laurianne , Muetzel Zachary , Dowling Alexander , Phillip William
Published: July 2024

Self-driving laboratories and automated experiments can accelerate the design workflow and decrease errors associated with experiments that characterize membrane transport properties. Within this study, we use 3D printing to design a custom stirred cell that incorporates inline conductivity probes in the retentate and permeate streams. The probes provide a complete trajectory of the salt concentrations as they evolve over the course of an experiment. Here, automated diafiltration experiments are used to characterize the performance of commercial NF90 and NF270 polyamide membranes over a predetermined range of KCl concentrations from 1-100 mM. The measurements obtained by the inline conductivity probes are validated using offline post-experiment analyses. Compared to traditional filtration experiments, the probes decrease the amount of time required for an experimentalist to characterize membrane materials by more than 50× and increase the amount of information generated by 100×. Device design principles to address the physical constraints associated with making conductivity measurements in confined volumes are proposed. Overall, the device developed within this study provides a foundation to establish high-throughput, automated membrane characterization techniques.
A Versatile Silica Functionalization Strategy for Nanomaterials
Authors: Nagao Keisuke , Lei Katherine , Worthington Peyton , Kent Noah , Onoda Michika , Malkin Elian , Vargas Paniagua Emmanuel , Leomi Rebecca , J. Macfarlane Robert , Anikeeva Polina
Published: July 2024

Chemical interactions between nanoparticles and their surroundings are governed by their surface chemistry, and thus a versatile strategy for surface functionalization compatible with a variety of particle compositions would empower nanotechnology research. Although silica coating offers a promising approach, common protocols are often impeded by inconsistent reproducibility, non-uniform thicknesses, difficulty in producing thin coatings, and particle aggregation during functionalization. Here, we demonstrate that these challenges can be overcome by adding additional surface ligands to stabilize the particle cores during the silica growth process. The inclusion of excess ligands alters the nanoparticles’ surface chemistry such that particle aggregation is suppressed, even for thin silica coatings (<1 nm) and coatings on a wide range of nanoparticle compositions, sizes, and shapes. The versatility and reproducibility of this approach is illustrated through its application to isotropic magnetite nanoparticles with diameters between 20-28 nm, anisotropic magnetite nanodiscs >200 nm in diameter, and CdS/ZnS quantum dots. These silica-coated nanomaterials retain their functional properties, and the silica shell can be further modified with application-specific organic moieties. Being agnostic to the nanomaterials shape and composition, this approach is enabling to nanomaterials applications demanding precise control over their surface chemistry independent of their functional properties.
Glucose metabolism disorders and hypoglycemic therapy in patients hospitalized for elective lower limb arthroplasty: a prospective, single-center, real-world study
Authors: Okisheva Elena A. , Trushina Olga Yu. , Mamaeva Milana M. , Redyanova Elena A. , Zhazhieva Anna A. , Chasova Irina D. , Panferov Alexander S. , Bogdanov Maxim M. , Lychagin Alexey V. , Fomin Victor V.
Published: July 2024

Aim. To assess the incidence of glucose metabolism disorders, administered hypoglycemic therapy and its effectiveness in a cohort of patients with previously diagnosed diabetes mellitus (DM) hospitalized for scheduled lower limb joint arthroplasty.
Materials and methods. The study included 502 patients. Medical history, information about previously diagnosed DM and prescribed hypoglycemic therapy were collected in all patients according to medical documentation, as well as according to the patients’ survey. Within the preoperative examination, the glucose level was measured, and in patients with previously diagnosed diabetes, measuremaent of the HbA1c level was recommended.
Results. The study population included 180 (35.9%) males and 322 females (64.1%). Among them, 99 (19.7%) patients had disorders of glucose metabolism [type 1 diabetes – 1 (0.2%) patient, type 2 diabetes – 90 (17.9%) patients, impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) – 8 (1.6%) patients]. In 8 patients, type 2 diabetes was newly diagnosed during the preoperative examination. HbA1c was measured before hospitalization in 26 patients with diabetes, the mean level was 7.0±1.4%. Regarding the analysis of hypoglycemic therapy, almost half of the patients with DM – 47 (47.5%) – received metformin monotherapy, 8 patients with IGT and 8 patients with newly diagnosed DM did not receive any drug therapy. Target glycemic levels during therapy were achieved in 36 (36.4%) patients, and target HbA1c levels were achieved in 21 patients.
Conclusion. The cohort of patients hospitalized for elective lower limb joint arthroplasty is characterized by a relatively high incidence of glucose metabolism disorders, and in some patients, DM was newly diagnosed during the preoperative examination. Metformin is most often used as hypoglycemic therapy, and the target values of glycemia during treatment were achieved in less than half of the patients. The monitoring of the level of glycated hemoglobin is low and requires additional population analysis in order to determine the causes and optimize the strategy of patient management.
Clinical case of generalized amyloidosis (ATTR-amyloidosis) with a progressive course of chronic heart failure. Case report
Authors: Golubovskaya Daria P. , Dren’ Elena V. , Yurkina Anastasia V. , Pecherina Tamara B. , Barbarash Olga L.
Published: July 2024

Despite the presence of various signs of cardiac amyloidosis ("red flags"), the introduction into routine practice of new non-invasive diagnostic methods (Speckle Tracking technology using echocardiography, myocardial scintigraphy with technetium pyrophosphate, genetic testing, screening for free light chains of immunoglobulins to exclude AL-amyloidosis), which have high specificity and sensitivity, transthyretinic (ATTR) cardiomyopathy is still a difficult to diagnose disease, especially in the early stages when treatment is most effective. The article presents a clinical case of ATTR-amyloidosis with predominant heart damage, manifested by severe diastolic heart failure resistant to treatment. The timing, from the moment of the first episode of decompensation of heart failure to death, is 4 months, which confirms the rapid progression of severe biventricular dysfunction of the heart. Despite the presence of cardiac and extracardial "red flags" of ATTR-amyloidosis in the patient, the diagnosis was established at autopsy. The paper analyzes possible errors of early diagnosis at the outpatient and inpatient stages of patient management.
Dyspnea in post-COVID-19 patients: A review
Authors: Podzolkov Valery I. , Vetluzhskaya Maria V. , Medvedev Ivan D. , Abramova Antonina A. , Kislenko Galina A.
Published: July 2024

New coronavirus infection may lead to long-term consequences, particularly to post-COVID syndrome, one of the most common manifestations of which is dyspnea. Post-COVID-19 shortness of breath may persist from one to several months and even years that results in low quality of life of patients. The review highlights possible risk factors and causes of dyspnea in post-COVID period such as lung damage, cardiovascular pathology, hyperventilation syndrome, dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system, detraining, anemia, etc. The authors present data about COVID-19-associated causes of dyspnea and severity of acute COVID-19. The review emphasizes the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to the diagnosis and treatment of patients with shortness of breath in post-COVID-19 period.
Efficacy and safety of levilimab in the treatment of patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Bolotova Elena V. , Yakovleva Evgeniya V. , Ilinykh Ekaterina K. , Rassovskaya Тatiana A.
Published: July 2024

Aim. Evaluation in real clinical practice of the effectiveness and safety of levilimab therapy in patients with highly and moderately active rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
Materials and methods. A prospective observational study (6 months) involving 35 patients with RA (29 women and 6 men, mean age 53.17±13.2 years) who were treated at the Ochapovsky Regional Clinic Hospital of Krasnodar Region. All patients included in the study were prescribed the drug levilimab (Ilsira).
Results. After 1 month of observation, there was a decrease in the clinical and laboratory activity of the process in the form of a decrease in the number of painful joints – 17.0 (14.0; 20.0) vs 8.0 (6.0; 10.0); p=0.000001, number of swollen joints – 3.0 (2.0; 4.0) vs 0.0 (0.0; 0.0); p=0.000002, reduction in pain intensity according to visual analog scale – 60.0 (60.0; 70.0) mm vs 30.0 (20.0; 40.0) mm (p=0.000001). Also, by the end of the first month of therapy, there was a decrease in clinical activity indices DAS28-ESR by 43%, SDAI by 60%, CDAI by 55%. Positive dynamics of laboratory parameters were noted – a decrease in erythrocyte sedimentation rate by 76%, a decrease in C-reactive protein level by 98%. By the 6th month of therapy, a decrease in RF by 36% and ACCP by 11% was recorded, but the dynamics of these indicators did not reach statistical significance. By the end of 4 weeks of treatment, 24 (68.6%) patients showed an increase in the level of total blood cholesterol – 5.1 (3.91; 6.0) mmol/L vs 6.1 (4.99; 7.07) mmol/L (p=0.000006), while 11 (45.8%) patients from this group had initially elevated cholesterol levels (6.4±0.6 mmol/L). In 5 (14.3%) patients, an increase in alanine aminotransferase (ALT) was recorded in the 4th week – 17.0 (11.0; 25.0) U/L vs 32.0 (22.0; 43.0) U/L (p=0.000062) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) – 19.0 (14.0; 24.0) U/L vs 25.0 (18.0; 36.0) U/L (p=0.000171), in 1 (2.85%) of the patient, an increase in ALT and AST above normal was noted (ALT 144 U/L, AST 52 U/L), which required discontinuation of levilimab. In 2 (5.7%) patients, by the end of the 4th week a decrease in the absolute number of neutrophils was registered – 3.2 (2.6; 4.0)×10E9/L vs 2.3 (2.0; 2.5)×10E9/L (p=0.002), which did not require discontinuation of treatment, since the number of cells remained more than 1×10E9/L. During treatment with levilimab 162 mg subcutaneously once a week, the proportion of patients taking prednisolone decreased from 46% at the start of therapy to 11% at the end of 6 months of therapy.
Conclusion. Levilimab is a highly effective drug for the treatment of patients with highly and moderately active RA and has a favorable tolerability and safety profile.
pyRBDome: a comprehensive computational platform for enhancing RNA-binding proteome data
Authors: Chu Liang-Cui , Christopoulou Niki , McCaughan Hugh , Winterbourne Sophie , Cazzola Davide , Wang Shichao , Litvin Ulad , Brunon Salomé , Harker Patrick JB , McNae Iain , Granneman Sander
Published: July 2024

High-throughput proteomics approaches have revolutionised the identification of RNA-binding proteins (RBPome) and RNA-binding sequences (RBDome) across organisms. Yet, the extent of noise, including false positives, associated with these methodologies, is difficult to quantify as experimental approaches for validating the results are generally low throughput. To address this, we introduce pyRBDome, a pipeline for enhancing RNA-binding proteome data in silico. It aligns the experimental results with RNA-binding site (RBS) predictions from distinct machine-learning tools and integrates high-resolution structural data when available. Its statistical evaluation of RBDome data enables quick identification of likely genuine RNA-binders in experimental datasets. Furthermore, by leveraging the pyRBDome results, we have enhanced the sensitivity and specificity of RBS detection through training new ensemble machine-learning models. pyRBDome analysis of a human RBDome dataset, compared with known structural data, revealed that although UV–cross-linked amino acids were more likely to contain predicted RBSs, they infrequently bind RNA in high-resolution structures. This discrepancy underscores the limitations of structural data as benchmarks, positioning pyRBDome as a valuable alternative for increasing confidence in RBDome datasets.
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN ZEOLITE ALAM SEBAGAI PENGGANTI MINERAL FILLER PADA CAMPURAN LAPIS FONDASI AGREGAT KELAS A
Authors: Pasapan Richard Marcelenus , Suparma Latif Budi , Siswosukarto Suprapto
Published: July 2024

Abstract
 
Premature damage to road pavement can be caused by several factors, including the use of materials that do not meet specifications dan uneven density in the base layer. To overcome this problem, innovative solutions are needed. The use of natural zeolite powder as a substitute for filler in road structural layers is an interesting innovation in the construction industry. This study aims to evaluate the effect of natural zeolite powder on the mechanical dan technical properties of Grade A Aggregate Base Course. Through an experimental approach, standard mixtures of Grade A Aggregate Base Course were compared with mixtures using varying levels of natural zeolite powder, ranging from 0% to 100%. The testing procedures carried out follow the Indonesian National Standard procedures dan include examining the characteristics of the materials used dan testing the density of the mixture. This study shows that increasing the zeolite powder content leads to a decrease in the maximum dry density value, while the Optimum Moisture Content value increased.
 
Keywords: road pavement; Zeolite; base course; Optimum Moisture Content; maximum dry density
 
 
Abstrak
 
Kerusakan prematur pada perkerasan jalan dapat disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor, termasuk penggunaan bahan yang tidak memenuhi spesifikasi dan kepadatan yang tidak merata pada lapisan dasar. Untuk mengatasi masalah ini diperlukan solusi inovatif. Penggunaan bubuk zeolite alam sebagai pengganti filler pada lapisan struktur jalan merupakan salah satu inovasi yang menarik dalam industri konstruksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh bubuk zeolite alam terhadap sifat-sifat mekanik dan teknis Lapis Fondasi Agregat Kelas A. Melalui pendekatan eksperimental, campuran standar Lapis Fondasi Agregat Kelas A diban-dingkan dengan campuran menggunakan variasi kadar bubuk zeolite alam, mulai dari 0% hingga 100%. Prosedur pengujian yang dilakukan mengikuti prosedur Standar Nasional Indonesia serta meliputi pemeriksaan karakteristik material yang digunakan dan pengujian kepadatan campuran. Hasil yang didapat menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan kadar bubuk zeolite mengakibatkan penurunan nilai kepadatan kering maksimum, semen-tara nilai Kadar Air Optimum mengalami peningkatan.
 
Kata-kata kunci: perkerasan jalan; Zeolite; lapis fondasi; Kadar Air Optimum; kepadatan kering maksimum