bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EVIDÊNCIAS DE BOLHAS DE PREÇOS NO MERCADO ACIONÁRIO BRASILEIRO
Authors: Ramos Fernandes Bruno Vinícius , De Medeiros Otávio Ribeiro
Published: July 2018

O presente estudo buscou encontrar evidências sobre ocorrência de bolhas de preços no mercado acionário brasileiro no período de 1994 a 2007. Foram feitos testes no mercado de forma geral e em 17 setores. Para testar a evidência de bolhas no mercado como um todo, foi utilizado o Ibovespa como proxy do preço médio das ações, e como indicador médio da distribuição de dividendos, foi construído um índice, de dividendos distribuídos, baseado nas próprias carteiras do Ibovespa no período. Foram feitos os testes de cointegração Engle-Granger e Johansen, com o objetivo de verificar se os citados índices mantiveram uma relação de equilíbrio de longo prazo. O resultado encontrado demonstra que não há cointegração entre o Ibovespa e o Idividendos, ou seja, as duas séries não mantiveram equilíbrio de longo prazo indicando a possibilidade de terem ocorrido uma ou mais bolhas na formação dos preços das ações. Os testes setoriais demonstram o mesmo resultado do teste geral, havendo fortes indícios da possibilidade de bolhas de preços nos 17 setores pesquisados. Os testes de causalidade Granger indicam que os dividendos não “Causam Granger” o Ibovespa e nos 17 setores, ao nível de significância de 1%, 82% dos setores não apresentaram nenhuma causalidade na direção dividendos – preços das ações.
FUNDAMENTAÇÕES TEÓRICAS SOBRE O ESTADO CAPITALISTA
Authors: Carvalho André Cutrim , Carvalho Maryan Jansen Cutrim , Carvalho David Ferreira
Published: July 2018

RESUMO: O objetivo do presente artigo é discutir os fundamentos teóricos sobre o Estado capitalista numa perspectiva de análise através do materialismo histórico-dialético. Para isso, retomaremos o debate se fazendo valer do legado de autores como: Karl Heinrich Marx, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, Friedrich Engels, Vladimir Ilitch Lenin, Antônio Gramsci, que contribuíram com a discussão teórica sobre a Teoria do Estado capitalista nas suas mais variadas facetas, e que muitas vezes foram incompreendidos e exorcizados da academia nos dias de hoje. Com vistas a balizar a importância do Estado no desenvolvimento capitalista contemporâneo, procurou-se discutir as contribuições mais recentes como a do autor, Claus Offe, sobre a Teoria do Estado capitalista.
ESTRUTURA E MODELO DO ACESSO A MEDICAMENTOS NO BRASIL: UMA ANÁLISE DO PROGRAMA FARMÁCIA POPULAR DO BRASIL
Authors: Carraro Wendy Beatriz Witt Haddad
Published: July 2018

Este artigo analisa a estrutura do Programa Farmácia Popular do Brasil (PFPB), tendo por base as dimensões propostas no modelo da Organização Mundial da Saúde em conjunto com a Management Sciences for Health. Discute conceitos e abordagens do papel do Estado na perspectiva do desenvolvimento econômico, modelos de acesso a medicamentos e indicadores do setor saúde no contexto do desenvolvimento econômico no Brasil. Ao caracterizar o PFPB, identificaram-se elementos alinhados às dimensões disponibilidade, aceitabilidade, acessibilidade geográfica e poder de compra. A estratégia do Programa Aqui tem Farmácia Popular (PAFP) mostrou-se ser econômica, justificando manter-se como estratégia prioritária do Estado. Entretanto, há limitações a serem consideradas para que tenha melhor desempenho no que se propõe, em especial, em relação à dimensão do poder de compra da farmácia privada.
Estudo da desvalorização automobilística aplicada a manutenção do ativo de uma microempresa
Authors: Denardi Luana
Published: July 2018

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo o estudo da depreciação de ativos através da limitação da vida útil, ou financeiramente falando, através de meios contábeis como parte dos custos de produção, levando em consideração a importância do conhecimento, neste caso econômico, perante a sociedade e suas influências no meio financeiro. A principal finalidade é analisar os custos de uma empresa hipotética para manter um bem em um determinado período, levando em consideração a interferência da depreciação real, fiscal e custo crescente de manutenção. Utiliza-se o método de pesquisa bibliográfica e descritiva, buscando referências acerca do assunto com o intuito de comparar opiniões e estabelecer convergências e coincidências com a teoria e realidade. Entre diversas equações para encontrar a depreciação contábil, como resultados tivemos que a equação linear foi a que melhor enquadrou-se na satisfação de resultados.
A PERCEPÇÃO DA MELHORIA NA GESTÃO POR PARTE DOS EMPREENDEDORES EM FUNÇÃO DE TREINAMENTO EMPRESARIAL
Authors: Mansano Fernanda Helen , Pereira Marcelo Farid
Published: July 2018

A competição no mundo empresarial tem aumentado o que requer um conhecimento maior dos empreendedores para conseguirem lidar com o atual ambiente de mudanças. Para aumentar a competitividade das empresas, no Paraná, foi implantado um programa que tem como objetivo o treinamento em diversas áreas, como a comercial, a empresarial, a jurídica e a financeira, chamado Bom Negócio Paraná. Esse artigo tem como objetivo analisar se o treinamento empresarial esta atendendo as perspectivas dos empreendedores que estão realizando o curso. Para que se chegasse ao objetivo proposto, foram aplicados questionários para as turmas que recebem o treinamento com duração de cinco semanas. Os questionários foram aplicados em nove cidades do noroeste do Estado do Paraná, para turmas desde setembro de2012 ajunho de 2014. Os principais quesitos avaliados foram sobre os módulos aplicados no dia-a-dia empresarial, a avaliação sobre o material de apoio, a avaliação dos consultores e o grau de satisfação dos empreendedores em relação ao treinamento. Os resultados obtidos foram que todos os módulos tiveram aplicação no dia-a-dia empresarial, o material de apoio foi classificado como bom pelos empreendedores e quanto a avaliação consultores, esses tiveram uma classificação muito boa em relação a quesitos depontualidade, disponibilidade para tirar dúvidas entre outros. Por fim, o grau de satisfação dos empreendedores que participaram do curso foi de 96%, sendo como esperado por eles.
AS POLÍTICAS MACROECONÔMICAS PÓS-PLANO REAL E AS SUAS CONTRIBUIÇÕES PARA A DESINDUSTRIALIZAÇÃO BRASILEIRA
Authors: Abrão Rafael Almeida Ferreira
Published: July 2018

O artigo apresenta indícios que as políticas macroeconômicas adotadas como base para o Plano Real contribuíram para agravar o atual quadro de desindustrialização da economia brasileira. O texto indaga sobre as consequências de uma base macroeconômica direcionada ao controle inflacionário, em detrimento de fundamentos econômicos que estimulem o aumento de investimentos, da produção industrial e da geração de emprego e renda.
A ECONOMIA CAFEEIRA NO BRASIL E A IMPORTÂNCIA DAS INOVAÇÕES PARA ESSA CADEIA
Authors: Medeiros Rodrigo De Vasconcellos Viana , Rodrigues Patricia Mattos Amato
Published: July 2018

Contar a história econômica brasileira passa por conhecer cada um dos grandes ciclos econômicos que a integraram, relacionando-os ao contexto político e social para bem compreendê-los e avaliá-los. O presente artigo tem como objetivo evidenciar a importância econômica que a cafeicultura possui para a economia brasileira, destacando a importância das inovações nessa cadeia agroalimentar. Considerando a importância dos processos de inovação para redução de custos e ganhos de produtividade, busca-se identificar práticas de inovação na produção do café brasileiro investigando quais os seus benefícios econômicos. Os resultados apontam que as inovações ocorreram principalmente no processo e sob o tipo incremental, percebendo-se um ganho de produtividade sobretudo a partir da década 90, quando se intensificou a busca por inovações que gerassem competitividade.
O impacto da Legislação e das Instituições Judiciárias no desenvolvimento econômico e social do Brasil
Authors: Lodi Graziela
Published: July 2018

Resumo O presente estudo analisa o impacto da Legislação e das Instituições Judiciárias no desenvolvimento econômico e social do Brasil, uma vez que a crescente integração da economia mundial exige que os países sejam eficientes a fim de manterem-se competitivos. Como o comércio internacional é cada vez mais regulamentado e dependente de contratos para que ocorra, a qualidade das normas jurídicas e a atuação do judiciário influenciam no custo para se transacionar no mercado, bem como no risco-país. Variáveis estas que são analisadas na tomada de decisão acerca dos investimentos produtivos na economia. Assim, o Estado, por meio de seus poderes, exerce papel relevante na correção das falhas de mercado, na regulação da economia e na implementação de políticas que assegurem o desenvolvimento nacional para que as diferenças regionais e sociais possam ser minimizadas. Palavras-chave: Desenvolvimento. Economia. Estado. Instituições Judiciárias. Legislação.
Effect of Water Depth on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of SS400 Steel in Underwater Welding
Authors: Yohanes Peringeten , Nurul Muhayat , Triyono
Published: July 2018

The application of underwater welding is for repairing the damage underwater structures and oil pipelines to extend the lifetime of the facilities. Generally, underwater welding studies were performed in shallow depth water. It is important to investigate the properties of the underwater welding joint based on the depth of water in meter scale. In this work, the shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) was used to conduct the welding process of SS400 low carbon steel. The water depth of 2.5 m, 5.0 m, and 10.0 m were evaluated, while the welding electric current were varied in the range from 80 A to 110 A. Underwater welding processes were carried out using the E7016 electrode. Non-destructive and destructive tests were conducted including the X-ray analysis, microstructure investigation, tensile, and hardness tests. The X-ray analysis showed that there were many defects for all underwater welding specimens. The water depth of 2.5 m joint specimens provided the highest tensile strength. It decreased as increasing of water depth level. Stability of welding arc due to the water pressure was the main reason. Tensile strength increased slightly as the welding current increasing due to deeper penetration. For all specimens, the highest hardness was found in the HAZ which was adjacent to the fusion zone.
Simulation and Validation of an Anisotropic Magnetorheological Elastomers Mold with Various Alignment Angles
Authors: Wiranto Ilham Bagus , Ubaidillah  , Ariawan Dody , Harish Faishal , Mazlan Saiful Amri , Purnomo Endra Dwi
Published: July 2018

In this study, anisotropic magnetorheological elastomers (MREs) mold design with capability of aligning the filler in several angles (0 ̊, 45 ̊, and 90 ̊) were developed. The mold was equipped with electromagnet coil to generate the magnetic flux. The distribution of magnetic flux density in the mold and inside the chamber was investigated by using finite element magnetic analysis. Magnetic flux density of 0.3 T was considered best value to form good particle alignment in the matrix. Moreover, the mold design was fabricated using same material as in the simulation. The magnetic flux density was taken at casing wall and measured by gauss-meter. The data was compared with simulation results. The differences between experimental and simulation is in the range of 6-40 mT. Since the difference is insignificant, it can be said that the data is valid. Finally, the model can be used for further magnetic flux density prediction inside the chamber. In the simulation, it was found that the current needed to generate at least 0.3 T inside the chamber for 0 ̊, 45 ̊, and 90 ̊ are 0.2A, 0.1A, and 3A, respectively.
Controlling the Surface Plasmon Absorption of Silver Nanoparticles via Green Synthesis Using Pennisetum purpureum Leaf Extract
Authors: Solidum Ruelson S. , Alguno Arnold C. , Capangpangan Rey
Published: July 2018

We report on the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles utilizing theP.purpureumleaf extract. Controlling the surface plasmon absorption of silver nanoparticles was achieved by regulating the amount of extract concentration and the molarity of silver nitrate solution. The surface plasmon absorption peak is found at around 430nm. The surface plasmon absorption peak have shifted to lower wavelength as the amount of extract is increased, while plasmon absorption peak shifts on a higher wavelength as the concentration of silver nitrate is increased before it stabilized at 430nm. This can be explained in terms of the available nucleation sites promoted by the plant extract as well as the available silver ions present in silver nitrate solution.
Ultrasound as a diagnostic tool in the investigation of patients with carpal tunnel syndrome
Authors: Kanafi Vahed Leila , Arianpur Afshin , Gharedaghi Mohammad , Rezaei Hosein
Published: July 2018

Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is reveled to be the most common peripheral nerve entrapment syndrome, estimating for 90% of all compressive. The diagnosis of CTS is based on the use of clinical criteria and imaging technique tests such as ultrasonography (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). US is a time-saving method in the diagnosis of CTS, which induces less discomfort to the patient and may be a more cost-effective approach to confirm clinical suspicion of this syndrome .The current study was aimed to evaluate the value of US and physical examinations in the diagnosis of CTS. This cross-sectional and cross-sectional prospective case study was conducted to evaluate the usefulness of wrist ultrasonography in diagnosing CTS. Twenty one patients (21 wrists) were invited to participate in the study along with an age- and sex-matched group of participant controls. Physical examination included Phalen, Tinel, Durkan, Tourniquet test. Anteroposterior and mediolateral dimension of carpal tunnel, and the median nerve area at the tunnel were also measured. All the patients underwent the open surgical release of the flexor retinaculum. There was a significant statistical relationship (p=0.05) between anteroposterior diameter of the carpal tunnel and clinical and electro physiologic nerve involvement. Furthermore, some qualitative findings was achieved such as median nerve splitting, hypo echogenicity of the involved nerve, thickening of flexor retinaculum and disappearance of median nerve areas (especially mediolateral direction). In conclusion, ultrasonographic examination of the wrists in the patients with suspected clinical symptoms can improve the diagnostic ability of CTS, especially by improving technology and experience. US can be applied for the median nerve area (MNA) measurement as a first line technique in patients with CTS.
Studying the expression rate and methylation of Reprimo gene in the blood of patients suffering from gastric cancer
Authors: Abbasi Amin , Heydari Sahar
Published: July 2018

As gastric cancer has no exclusive signals in its initial phases, it is usually diagnosed in advanced phases. Although many researches have been conducted on methylation and diagnosis of cancer’s markers, the methylation and expression of Reprimo gene and its correlation with gastric cancer has not been thoroughly studied. Methylation of Reprimo promoter is a repetitive procedure exclusive to cancer which nullifies its expression and performance. The present research seeks to study the expression and methylation of Reprimo among people suffering with gastric cancer so that it may be used as a biomarker for early diagnosis. Fifty blood samples taken from healthy people (normal samples) and 50 blood samples obtained from gastric cancer patients were analyzed using Real-Time PCR. The methylation status of the promoter of Reprimo was studied using Methylation Specific PCR technique in normal samples and in gastric cancer Iranian patients. We observed reduction in expression rate of Reprimo in the blood samples of patients suffering with gastric cancer in comparison to normal blood samples. A significant correlation was also observed between the expression rate of this gene, age and methylation of its promoter among patients suffering with gastric cancer and various analysis points to a correlation between reduced expressions of Reprimo gene in gastric cancer patients. In conclusion, reduced expression of Reprimo gene and greater levels of methylation of its promoter seems to be promising biomarkers for early diagnosis of gastric cancer.
Investigation of dyspnea using cardiopulmonary exercise test among patients resorting to the respiratory tests
Authors: Fotook Kiaee Seyedeh Zahra , Rahimi Besharat
Published: July 2018

Exertional dyspnea is a common complaint among patients which may be the final result of many diseases. Few researches have been conducted concerning the role of cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) in assessing unexplained dyspnea. Therefore, the aim of this study was a research on unexplained dyspnea using CPET among patients resorting to respiratory test unit of hospitals. This is a cross-sectional study that performed on 100 patients. With the direct supervision of experts, CPET was conducted using ergaspirometery device. The exercise data was interpreted by a pulmonologist and the results were classified into pulmonary diseases, cardiovascular diseases, obesity, deconditioning, and undetermined groups. 100 patients including 57 men and 43 women with an average age of 42 years and an average BMI of 28 and smoking frequency of 12% took part in this research. The following frequencies were reported for each complication: 24% for pulmonary diseases, 23% for cardiovascular diseases, 23% for deconditioning group, 15% for obesity, and 16% for the undetermined group. No significant difference was observed between these five groups in terms of gender distribution and smoking cigarette (P-value>0.05). In the age group older than 42 years, more patients were diagnosed with cardiac diseases and obesity. CPET may be really useful in determining the cause of unexplained dyspnea among most patients. Furthermore, the CPET can determine the presence or absence of disease, and if present, the nature of the limitation.
Chemotherapy-induced muscle wasting: association with NF-κB and cancer cachexia
Authors: Damrauer Jeffrey S. , Stadler Michael E. , Acharyya Swarnali , Baldwin Albert S. , Couch Marion E. , Guttridge Denis C.
Published: July 2018

A compounding feature of greater than 50% of all cancers is the high incidence of the cachexia syndrome, a complex metabolic disorder characterized by extreme weight loss due mainly to the gross depletion of skeletal muscle tissue. Although studies into the cause of cancer cachexia has spanned over multiple decades, little is known about the effects of various cancer treatments themselves on cachexia. For example, chemotherapy agents induce side effects such as nausea and anorexia, but these symptoms do not fully account for the changes seen with cancer cachexia. In this study we examine the effects of chemotherapeutic compounds, specifically, cisplatin in the colon-26 adenocarcinoma model of cancer cachexia. We find that although cisplatin is able to reduce tumor burden as expected, muscle wasting in mice nevertheless persists. Strikingly, cisplatin alone was seen to regulate muscle atrophy, which was independent of the commonly implicated ubiquitin proteasome system. Finally, we show that cisplatin is able to induce NF-κB activity in both mouse muscles and myotube cultures, suggesting that an additional side effect of cancer treatment is the regulation of muscle wasting that may be mediated through activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway.
Acquired hemophilia A developing cerebral infarction 36 days after the frequent administration of bypass hemostatic agents
Authors: Saito Makoto , Senjo Hajime , Kanaya Minoru , Izumiyama Koh , Mori Akio , Tanaka Masanori , Morioka Masanobu , Ieko Masahiro
Published: July 2018

A 74-years-old male who was a smoker and received treatment for hypertension, dyslipidemia, peripheral arterial disease and idiopathic interstitial pneumonia complained of subcutaneous hemorrhage of the right lower thigh. Marked anemia (hemoglobin 5.5 g/dL) and prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time (≥130 seconds) were noted. The factor VIII activity level was reduced to 1.2 %, and the factor VIII inhibitor titer was 285.3 BU/mL, a diagnosis of acquired hemophilia A (AHA) was made. Then, hematomas of 5 intra-muscles were recurred. Hemostasis became difficult despite frequent and high-dose administration of recombinant human coagulation factor VIIa (total: 18 days, 305 mg). Hemostasis was achieved by switching to activated prothrombin complex concentrate (for 3 days, 18,000 units), however, cerebral infarction occurred after 36 days. After the frequent administration of bypass hemostatic agents on elderly AHA patients with several risk factors for ischemic stroke, the risk of subsequent thrombotic events may persist for 1 month.
Food safety knowledge and microbiological hygiene of households in selected areas of Kwa-Zulu Natal, South Africa
Authors: Mkhungo Mveli Cyril , Oyedeji Ajibola Bamikole , Ijabadeniyi Oluwatosin Ademola
Published: July 2018

This study was conducted to determine the level of food safety knowledge and practices during food handling and preparation at household level in selected areas in KwaZulu-Natal province of South Africa. Fifty households were selected to participate based on their monthly income, age and educational level. Samples of raw foods were randomly collected from the participating households for microbial analyses. Swabs from food contact surfaces were also collected and analyzed for the presence of pathogens. Difference in demographic data regarding food safety knowledge was tested using chi-square and microbial counts were statistically analyzed (P<0.05). Knowledge of proper cold storage temperature was found to be inadequate as over 70% of respondents had no idea of their cold storage temperatures. High risk of cross contamination was observed due to improper thawing, packaging of meat with other ready to eat foods and poor food contact material handling. Microbial analyses of raw food samples showed the presence of aerobic spore formers (1.08-1.89 log cfu/mL), anaerobic spore formers (0.29- 1.83 log cfu/mL) and Staphylococcus aureus (3.31-3.96 log cfu/mL). Contact surfaces were also positive for Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella spp and Escherichia coli. Food safety knowledge and proper food handling practices were found to be inadequate in the areas studied and urgent intervention is required to prevent fatal incidences of food borne illnesses.
Continuity of care for patients with schizophrenia in communities with limited resources
Authors: Trang Andy
Published: July 2018

Not available
Globalisation of missions: An exegesis on the Great Commission (Mt 28:18–20)
Authors: Kgatle Mookgo S.
Published: July 2018

This article is an exegesis on the Great Commission in Matthew 28:18–20 by using a grammatical historical approach. A grammatical historical approach on Matthew 28:18–20 demonstrates that Jesus’ authority in heaven and on earth is a global authority. Furthermore, the commissioning of Jesus’ disciples to go and make disciples of all nations, baptise them in the name of the Father the Son and the Holy Spirit and teach them to observe all things that Jesus has commanded them, is a call to global mission. When Jesus promised the disciples that he would be always with them, he assured them of a global victory. This will be achieved by looking at the history of interpretation of Matthew 28:18–20. The exegesis of this passage is explored in detail. The conclusion is that the Great Commission in Matthew 28:18–20 is a call to global mission.
Легальные сообщения для некоторых функций имитозащиты блочных шифров
Authors: Gusev V V
Published: July 2018

Для некоторых способов имитозащиты блочных шифров показано, что сторонние лица, не имеющие секретного ключа, могут навязывать законным пользователям шифртексты, которые после расшифрования будут восприниматься как истинные.
The permutation group insight on the diffusion property of linear mappings
Authors: Burov Dmitry Alexandrovich , Pogorelov Boris Aleksandrovich
Published: July 2018

Исследуются свойства линейных преобразований, связанные со структурами группы, порожденной нелинейным слоем блочного алгоритма шифрования, и группы, порожденной слоем наложения ключа, т. е. группы трансляций векторного пространства. Вводятся новые параметры, которые характеризуют рассеивающие свойства линейного отображения. Приводится новая характеризация MDS-матриц. Показано, что максимально рассеивающие преобразования, которые возникли в связи с обеспечением стойкости относительно разностного и линейного методов, а также другие составляющие раундового преобразования могут быть синтезированы с точки зрения теории групп подстановок.
A new look at the coping strategies used by the partners of pathological gamblers
Authors: Côté Mélissa , Tremblay Joël , Brunelle Natacha
Published: July 2018

People living with pathological gamblers (PGs) have to endure the negative consequences of their problem gambling. It is known that the partners of PGs will develop adaptation strategies to cope with gambling behaviour. However, research conducted on the topic is still in its early stages. The goal of this study was to draw up a portrait of the strategies employed, their context, means, and main goals, and to examine the variation of these strategies over time and the viewpoints of the 2 members of the couple. Using 19 semi-structured interviews, we noted that the partners used some 30 strategies aiming primarily at modifying the gamblers’ pathological behaviour, and also at improving their own personal well-being. An analysis of the usage context illustrated the many possible interactions which occurred between individuals and their environment and which triggered a strategy’s use. Generally speaking, both members of the couple had a similar perception of the strategies used by the partners. When partners realized that they had not influenced the PGs’ habits, they sometimes changed adaptation strategies.RésuméLes partenaires de joueurs pathologiques (JP) vivent des conséquences négatives découlant des habitudes problématiques de jeux de hasard et d’argent (JHA) de leur conjoint.. Il est reconnu que les partenaires de JP mettront en place des stratégies d’adaptation pour faire face à ces comportements de JHA. Toutefois, les recherches effectuées sur le sujet en sont encore à leurs premiers balbutiements. L’objectif de cette étude vise à dresser un portrait des stratégies utilisées, leurs contextes d'utilisation, les moyens et les finalités recherchées, en plus de s’intéresser au point de vue des deux membres du couple et à la variation dans le temps de ces stratégies. À l'aide de dix-neuf entrevues semi-structurées, on remarque que les partenaires ont utilisé près d'une trentaine de stratégies visant principalement une modification des comportements de JHA du JP, mais aussi l'amélioration de leur bien-être personnel. L'analyse des contextes d’utilisation illustre les nombreuses interactions possibles entre l'individu et son environnement qui déclenchent l’utilisation d’une stratégie. De façon générale, les deux membres du couple ont une perception similaire des stratégies utilisées par l’autre partenaire. Enfin, lorsque les partenaires prennent conscience qu'elles n'ont pas influencé les habitudes de JHA du JP, elles changent parfois de stratégies d’adaptation.
Aula invertida baseada nos pilares da aula FAESA
Authors: da Silva Domingues Ferreira Edileuza Maria
Published: July 2018

This research aims to report the course and the results achieved at an initial diagnostic evaluation performed by a groupof undergraduate students at the second term of Pedagogy on the discipline Educational Sociology. The diagnosis focusedon the use of active learning methodologies guided by the institutional project FAESA Class. From this diagnosis, weoptedfortheflippedclassroommethodologyinordertoattendtodifferentcoursesandlearningprocesses,aimingtofosterinterest, commitment to their individual learning process, interaction and active engagement in face-to-face classes in allthe students. It was verified that the lack of a habit and an appropriate studying methodology at basic education interferedirectlyinthestudents’academicperformanceinthebeginningofhighereducation.Inrelationtotheactivemethodology,theflippedclassroomturnedouttobeaneffectivetooltoattendtothediversityfoundinthisgroup
Método de aprendizagem orientada por projeto aplicado na disciplina instalações elétricas
Authors: Vargas Loureiro Getúlio
Published: July 2018

Centeredontheprotagonismofthestudents,theactivemethodologieshavereceivedgreatacceptanceintheinstitutionsof higher education. Among the various methods for learning about subjects that involve project development, the ProjectOriented Learning (POL) method stands out. This article describes the personal experience of the author in the use of thismethodappliedinthedisciplineofElectricalInstallationsoftheCivilEngineeringcourseofCentroUniversitarioFAESA.In this article the stages of development of the activities are presented together with the characterization of the studentgroupsinvolvedandtheplanningofthediscipline.Theprocessofplanningandapplicationofthemethodisdescribedandthe results discussed, and it has been demonstrated that the Project Oriented Learningis suitable for its adoption as anactivemethodologytobeusedinthetopicofElectricalInstallationsProject.
O aprendizado da Teoria Geral do Processo através da solução de problemas: a revolução do PBL no Direito
Authors: Maia Junior Jairo
Published: July 2018

Thisarticleaimstoreportastrategyusedtocreateand/orincreasethestudent’sinterestinTheoryofProcedurediscipli-ne(TGP),withoutprejudicethefacilitatingstudent’sunderstandingwhentheteacherapproachesthesubjectinclass.Based mainly on the third principle of the FAESA class, that is, the use of methodology that allows the student’s activeparticipationintheconstructionanddevelopmentofskillsandknowledge,theLawSchoolcollegiatebodydecidedtousethePBL(definedbelow).Theteachingmethodthatmakesthestudentprotagonististhefutureofhighereducation.ThejointPBLof TGPandCriminalLawImadeamoreunitedandinterestedclassinthediscipline,withoutprejudi-ceabetterunderstandingofthecontentlaterapproachedbytherespectivedisciplinesteachers.
O trabalho em grupo na construção atitudes dos alunos
Authors: dos Santos Juliana
Published: July 2018

Thisarticleisconsolidatedfromanexperiencereportinaclassofthe2ndperiodoftheAdvertisingandPropagandaCou-rse, FAESA University Center, in the second half of 2017. The work took into account the active methodology of groupwork to reach the goals of the cognitive, affective and psychomotor domains of the popularly called Taxionomia de Bloom(1988),inordertoreachtheprinciples andpillarsoftheFAESAClass.The projectcarriedoutbythestudents providedawritten part, presented to the teacher in the construction of a critical essay, and another oral part, presented to the groupin the modality of debate. The results of the project were satisfactory, understanding that progress has been made in the twostrandsoftheProject,beyondthenotesortheconceptualcontents.
Transboundary ozone pollution across East Asia: daily evolution and photochemical production analysed by IASI + GOME2 multispectral satellite observations and models
Authors: Cuesta Juan , Kanaya Yugo , Takigawa Masayuki , Dufour Gaëlle , Eremenko Maxim , Foret Gilles , Miyazaki Kazuyuki , Beekmann Matthias
Published: July 2018

Abstract. We characterise a transboundary ozone pollution outbreak transported across East Asia in early May 2009 using new multispectral satellite observations of lowermost tropospheric ozone (located below 3 km altitude) in synergy with other satellite data and models. Our analysis is focused on the daily evolution of ozone pollution plumes initially formed over the North China Plain (NCP) and their transport pathways over northern China, Korea, Japan and the surrounding seas. A main aspect of the study is an estimation of the contribution of photochemical production of ozone during transport using the ratio of ozone to carbon monoxide enhancements with respect to background levels derived from satellite data and also from chemistry–transport models.A key contribution of the analysis is the use of new satellite data offering unprecedented skills to observe the horizontal distribution of lowermost tropospheric ozone over East Asia on a daily basis, with a multispectral approach called IASI + GOME2 (combining Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer observations in the IR and Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment-2 measurements in the UV). These satellite observations are in good agreement with ozonesondes, with low mean biases (3 %), a precision of about 16 %, a correlation coefficient of 0.85 and practically the same standard deviation for a comparison based on 2 years of data from 46 launching stations distributed worldwide, during all seasons. A similar agreement is also found over East Asia. Moreover, IASI + GOME2 offers a unique capacity for observing the evolution of near-surface ozone during pollution outbreaks (with 5 % bias and 0.69 correlation), according to a comparison with surface in situ measurements during two major ozone events over several Japanese islands. Single-band ozone retrievals, such as those from IASI in the thermal infrared, do not capture such variability.Using IASI + GOME2, we show that (i) ozone pollution plumes are transported by an anticyclonic circulation around the Yellow Sea from the NCP to northern China, Korea and Japan, collocated with carbon monoxide plumes; (ii) over northern China the plume splits into two pollution filaments with one mixing with freshly emitted pollutants; and (iii) ozone is produced every day of the event, accounting for an enhancement in concentration during transport across East Asia of up to  ∼ 84 % with respect to that produced over NCP. This estimation is done according to monotonically increasing values during 7 days of the ratio of ozone to carbon monoxide enhancements within the transported pollution plumes from about  ∼ 0.25 over the NCP to  ∼ 0.46 over the Pacific south of Japan.
Aerosol sources in the western Mediterranean during summertime: a model-based approach
Authors: Chrit Mounir , Sartelet Karine , Sciare Jean , Pey Jorge , Nicolas José B. , Marchand Nicolas , Freney Evelyn , Sellegri Karine , Beekmann Matthias , Dulac François
Published: July 2018

Abstract. In the framework of ChArMEx (the Chemistry-Aerosol Mediterranean
Experiment), the air quality model Polyphemus is used to understand the
sources of inorganic and organic particles in the western Mediterranean and evaluate the uncertainties linked to the model parameters (meteorological
fields, anthropogenic and sea-salt emissions and hypotheses related to the model
representation of condensation/evaporation). The model is evaluated by
comparisons to in situ aerosol measurements performed during three
consecutive summers (2012, 2013 and 2014). The model-to-measurement
comparisons concern the concentrations of PM10, PM1, organic matter
in PM1 (OM1) and inorganic aerosol concentrations monitored at a
remote site (Ersa) on Corsica Island, as well as airborne measurements
performed above the western Mediterranean Sea. Organic particles are mostly
from biogenic origin. The model parameterization of sea-salt emissions has
been shown to strongly influence the concentrations of all particulate species
(PM10, PM1, OM1 and inorganic concentrations). Although the
emission of organic matter by the sea has been shown to be low, organic
concentrations are influenced by sea-salt emissions; this is owing to the fact that they provide a
mass onto which gaseous hydrophilic organic compounds can condense. PM10,
PM1, OM1 are also very sensitive to meteorology, which affects
not only the transport of pollutants but also natural emissions (biogenic
and sea salt). To avoid large and unrealistic sea-salt concentrations, a
parameterization with an adequate wind speed power law is chosen. Sulfate is
shown to be strongly influenced by anthropogenic (ship) emissions. PM10,
PM1, OM1 and sulfate concentrations are better described using the
emission inventory with the best spatial description of ship emissions
(EDGAR-HTAP). However, this is not true for nitrate, ammonium and chloride
concentrations, which are very dependent on the hypotheses used in the model
regarding condensation/evaporation. Model simulations show that sea-salt aerosols
above the sea are not mixed with background transported aerosols. Taking
the mixing state of particles with a dynamic approach to condensation/evaporation into
account may be necessary to accurately represent inorganic
aerosol concentrations.
Building a cloud in the Southeast Atlantic: Understanding low-cloud controls based on satellite observations with machine learning
Authors: Fuchs Julia , Cermak Jan , Andersen Hendrik
Published: July 2018

Abstract. Understanding the processes that determine low-cloud properties and aerosol–cloud interactions (ACI) is crucial for the estimation of their radiative effects. However, the covariation of meteorology and aerosols complicates the determination of cloud-relevant influences and the quantification of the aerosol–cloud relation. This study identifies and analyzes sensitivities of cloud fraction and cloud droplet effective radius to their meteorological and aerosol environment in the atmospherically stable Southeast Atlantic during the biomass-burning season. The effect of geophysical parameters on clouds is investigated based on a machine learning technique, gradient boosting regression trees (GBRTs), using a combination of satellite and reanalysis data as well as trajectory modeling of air-mass origins. A comprehensive, multivariate analysis of important drivers of cloud occurrence and properties is performed and evaluated. The statistical model reveals marked subregional differences of relevant drivers and processes determining low clouds in the Southeast Atlantic. Cloud fraction is sensitive to changes of lower tropospheric stability in the oceanic, southwestern subregion, while in the northeastern subregion it is governed mostly by surface winds. In the pristine, oceanic subregion large-scale dynamics and aerosols seem to be more important for changes of cloud droplet effective radius than in the polluted, near-shore subregion, where free tropospheric temperature is more relevant. This study suggests the necessity to consider distinct ACI regimes in cloud studies in the Southeast Atlantic.
HOVERCAT: a novel aerial system for evaluation of aerosol–cloud interactions
Authors: Creamean Jessie M. , Primm Katherine M. , Tolbert Margaret A. , Hall Emrys G. , Wendell Jim , Jordan Allen , Sheridan Patrick J. , Smith Jedediah , Schnell Russell C.
Published: July 2018

Abstract. Aerosols have a profound impact on cloud microphysics through their ability
to serve as ice nucleating particles (INPs). As a result, cloud radiative
properties and precipitation processes can be modulated by such
aerosol–cloud interactions. However, one of the largest uncertainties
associated with atmospheric processes is the indirect effect of aerosols on
clouds. The need for more advanced observations of INPs in the atmospheric
vertical profile is apparent, yet most ice nucleation measurements are
conducted on the ground or during infrequent and intensive airborne field
campaigns. Here, we describe a novel measurement platform that is less
expensive and smaller (< 5 kg) when compared to traditional
aircraft and tethered balloon platforms and that can be used for evaluating
two modes of ice nucleation (i.e., immersion and deposition). HOVERCAT
(Honing On VERtical Cloud and Aerosol properTies) flew during a pilot study
in Colorado, USA, up to 2.6 km above mean sea level (1.1 km above ground
level) and consists of an aerosol module that includes an optical particle
counter for size distributions (0.38–17 µm in diameter) and a new
sampler that collects up to 10 filter samples for offline ice nucleation and
aerosol analyses on a launched balloon platform. During the May 2017 test
flight, total particle concentrations were highest closest to the ground (up
to 50 cm−3 at < 50 m above ground level) and up to 2 in
102 particles were ice nucleation active in the immersion mode (at
−23 ∘C). The warmest temperature immersion and deposition mode
INPs (observed up to −6 and −40.4 ∘C, respectively) were
observed closest to the ground, but overall INP concentrations did not
exhibit an inverse correlation with increasing altitude. HOVERCAT is a
prototype that can be further modified for other airborne platforms,
including tethered balloon and unmanned aircraft systems. The versatility of
HOVERCAT affords future opportunities to profile the atmospheric column for
more comprehensive evaluations of aerosol–cloud interactions. Based on our
test flight experiences, we provide a set of recommendations for future
deployments of similar measurement systems and platforms.
Technical note: Manipulating interactions between plant stress responses and soil methane oxidation rates
Authors: Zhou Xiaoqi , Xu Cheng-Yuan , Bai Shahla H. , Xu Zhihong , Smaill Simeon J. , Clinton Peter W. , Chen Chengrong
Published: July 2018

Abstract. It has recently been hypothesised that ethylene, released into soil by stressed
plants, reduces the oxidation of methane by methanotroph. To test this, a
field trial was established in which maize plants were grown with and without
soil moisture stress, and the effects of addition aminoethoxyvinylglycine
(AVG; an ethylene biosynthesis inhibitor) and biochar (increases soil water
holding capacity and reduces plant stress) were determined following the
static incubation of soil samples. AVG increased methane oxidation rates by
50 % (P=0.039), but only in the absence of irrigation. No other
treatment effects were observed. This result provides evidence for a positive
feedback system between plant stress, ethylene production, and impacts on
methanotrophic activity.
The postmonsoon carbon biogeochemistry of estuaries under different levels of anthropogenic impacts
Authors: Dutta Manab Kumar , Kumar Sanjeev , Mukherjee Rupa , Sanyal Prasun , Mukhopadhyay Sandip
Published: July 2018

Abstract. The different aspects of carbon biogeochemistry were studied during the postmonsoon at the Hooghly-Sundarbans estuarine system, a part of the Ganga-Brahmaputra river system located in the northeastern India. The study focused on understanding the differences in carbon biogeochemistry of estuaries undergoing different levels of anthropogenic stress by investigating anthropogenically influenced Hooghly estuary and mangrove-dominated estuaries of the Sundarbans. The salinity of well oxygenated (%DO: 91–104 %) estuaries of the Sundarbans varied over a narrow range (12.74–16.69) during postmonsoon relative to the Hooghly (0.04–10.37). Phytoplankton productivity and carbonate precipitation and/or dissolution were dominant processes controlling DIC dynamics in different parts of the Hooghly, whereas signal for mangrove derived DIC removal was observed in the Sundarbans. Influence of groundwater on estuarine DIC biogeochemistry was also observed in both the estuaries with relatively higher influence at the Hooghly than Sundarbans. In both estuarine systems, DOC behaved non-conservatively with ~ 40 % higher DOC level in the Hooghly compared to the Sundarbans. No significant evidence of phytoplankton production on DOC level was found in these estuaries, however signal of DOC input through pore-water exchange at the Sundarbans was observed. Relatively lower δ13CPOC at the Hooghly compared to the Sundarbans suggest relatively higher terrestrial influence at the Hooghly with a possibility of in situ biogeochemical modifications of POC at the Sundarbans. The freshwater run-off coupled with in situ aerobic OC mineralization controlled estuarine pCO2 level at the Hooghly, whereas the same was principally exogenous for the Sundarbans. The entire Hooghly-Sundarbans system acted as source of CO2 to the regional atmosphere with ~ 17 times higher emission from the Hooghly compared to Sundarbans. The present study clearly establishes the dominance of anthropogenically influenced estuary over relatively pristine mangrove dominated one in the regional greenhouse gas budget and climate change perspective.
Pollen-based temperature and precipitation changes in the Ohrid Basin (western Balkans) between 160 and 70 ka
Authors: Sinopoli Gaia , Peyron Odile , Masi Alessia , Holtvoeth Jens , Francke Alexander , Wagner Bernd , Sadori Laura
Published: July 2018

Abstract. Our study aims to reconstruct climate changes that occurred at Lake Ohrid (south-western Balkan Peninsula), the oldest extant lake in Europe, between 160 and 70 ka (covering part of Marine Isotope Stage – "MIS" - 6 and all of MIS 5). A multi-method approach, including the "Modern Analogues Technique" and the "Weighted Averaging Partial Least-Squares Regression", is applied to the high-resolution pollen sequence of the DEEP site, collected from the central part of Lake Ohrid, to provide quantitative estimates of climate and bioclimate parameters. This allows us to document climatic change during the key periods of MIS 6 and MIS 5 in South Europe, a region where accurate climate reconstructions are still lacking for this time interval. Our results for the penultimate glacial show cold and dry conditions, while the onset of the Last Interglacial is characterized by wet and warm conditions, with temperatures higher than today (by ca. 2 °C). The Eemian in the Balkans was not a stable phase and a climatic tri-partition, with an initial phase of abrupt warming (128–121 ka), a central phase with decreasing temperatures associated to wet conditions (121–118 ka), followed by a phase of progressive change towards cold and dry conditions (118–112 ka), is evident. After the Eemian, an alternation of four warm/wet periods with cold/dry ones, likely related to the succession of Greenland stadials and cold events known from the North Atlantic, occurred. The observed pattern is also consistent with hydrological and isotopic data from the central Mediterranean. The Lake Ohrid climate reconstruction shows greater similarity with climate patterns inferred from northern European pollen records than with southern European ones, which is probably due to its intermediate position and the mountainous setting. However, this hypothesis needs further testing as very few climate reconstructions are available for southern Europe for this key time period.
Instability of Northeast Siberian ice sheet during glacials
Authors: Zhang Zhongshi , Yan Qing , Farmer Elizabeth J. , Li Camille , Ramstein Gilles , Hughes Terence , Jakobsson Martin , O'Regan Matt , Zhang Ran , Tan Ning , Contoux Camille , Dumas Christophe , Guo Chuncheng
Published: July 2018

Abstract. It has been widely believed that Northeast (NE) Siberia remained ice-free during most Pleistocene Northern Hemisphere (NH) glaciations, while ice sheets extended gradually across North America and Northwest (NW) Eurasia. However, recent fieldwork has provided robust evidence of ice sheets occupying the shallow continental shelf of the East Siberian Sea during several Pleistocene glaciations. The debate surrounding the existence and history of this enigmatic NE Siberian ice sheet highlights fundamental gaps in our current understanding of the mechanisms of glacial climate evolution. Here, we combine climate and ice sheet simulations to demonstrate how ice-vegetation-atmosphere-ocean dynamics can lead to two ice sheet configurations: the well-known Laurentide-Eurasian configuration with large ice sheets over North America and NW Eurasia, and a circum-Arctic configuration with large ice sheets over NE Siberia and the Canadian Rockies. Compared to the Laurentide-Eurasian configuration, formation of the circum-Arctic configuration can occur with an atmospheric stationary wave pattern similar to today's. Once the circum-Arctic configuration is established, it amplifies atmospheric stationary waves, leading to surface warming in the North Pacific, ablation of the NE Siberian ice sheet, and ultimately a swing to the Laurentide-Eurasian configuration. Our simulations highlight the complexity of glacial climates, and may hint towards potential mechanisms for interglacial-glacial transitions.