bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A direct relationship between the sensitivity of the sensors and the intensity of IR CO2 peak in in situ FTIR-LCR meter chemi-impedance SnO2–carbon nanoparticles polymer-based sensors in the detection of organic compounds vapor
Authors: Okechukwu Viola O. , Mavumengwana Vuyo , Mamo Messai A.
Published: October 2021

Three sensors were prepared with SnO2, carbon nanoparticles (CNPs), and cellulose acetate (CA) composites, and each sensor containing different amounts of SnO2 powder were prepared for the detection of n-dodecane, 2-hexanone, and 3-methylcyclopentanone vapor at room temperature. Sensors with a combination of CNP:CA, SnO2:CA, SnO2:CNPs, and SnO2 composites were used as control, and their performance was compared with that of the sensor based on SnO2:CNPs:CA toward a wide range of 2-hexanone and 3-methylcyclopentanone vapor concentrations. Sensors based on CNPs:CA and SnO2:CNPs:CA selectively responded very well to 3-methylcyclopentanone and 2-hexanone, respectively. The in situ FTIR study revealed that both sensors undergo a deep oxidation process during sensing and the sensitivity of the sensors directly relates to the IR intensity of the CO2 peak at 668 cm−1, and for highly sensitive sensors, the CO2 peak at 668 cm−1 is found to be very intense. The gradient area under the curve of the IR CO2 band at 668 cm−1 against time for more sensitive sensors toward the analyte is larger than that for less sensitive ones. The effect of the amount of SnO2 in the composites indicated that the sensors based on three sensing materials combined at a mass ratio of 1:1:3 were highly selective toward 3-methylcyclopentanone and less selective toward the other two analytes. Sensors based on the composition of SnO2:CNPs:CA at a mass ratio of 1.5:1:3 and those based on the composition of SnO2:CNPs:CA at a mass ratio of 2:1:3 were selective toward 2-hexanone and n-dodecane, respectively. All the fabricated sensors were found to have their sensing ability regenerated after the analytes were removed from the system without losing their sensing and recovery abilities.
Structural, electronic, mechanical, thermal, and optical properties of UIr3 under pressure: A comprehensive DFT study
Authors: Dujana Wasif Abu , Podder Arpon , Das Ovijit , Solayman Md. , Nasir M. T. , Rashid M. A. , Saiduzzaman Md , Hadi M. A.
Published: October 2021

First-principles density functional theory calculations were performed to assess the pressure effect on structural, electronic, mechanical, thermal, and optical properties of cubic intermetallic UIr3. The calculated lattice parameter deviates from the experimental value by 0.40%, indicating the reliability of the present study. The obtained lattice constant decreases at a constant rate with pressure over the entire pressure range. The band structure and Fermi surface disclose the metallic nature of UIr3. The external pressure suppresses the overlapping between the valence and conduction bands and reduces the total density of state at the Fermi level. The pseudogap moves to the left from the Fermi level with increasing pressure, which indicates a decrease in the structural stability of UIr3. Peaks in the valence band move toward deeper energy positions when the external pressure is increased from 0 to 25 GPa, indicating the increase in the covalency of UIr3. Contour maps of charge density and Mulliken population analysis imply that UIr3 has also partial ionic and covalent nature in chemical bonding. In the considered pressure range, UIr3 maintains its mechanical and dynamical stability as well as ductility and machinability. The elastic anisotropic level of UIr3 increases slightly with fluctuations above the pressure of 5 GPa. Shape change in UIr3 will be more difficult due to the increase in shear modulus and microhardness under the external pressure. Thermal properties of UIr3 are favorable for being a promising thermal barrier coating material, and optical reflectivity makes it a potential candidate material for coating to diminish solar heating.
On the Schrödinger operator with a periodic PT-symmetric matrix potential
Authors: Veliev O. A.
Published: October 2021

In this article, we obtain asymptotic formulas for the Bloch eigenvalues of the operator L generated by a system of Schrödinger equations with periodic PT-symmetric complex-valued coefficients. Then, using these formulas, we classify the spectrum σ(L) of L and find a condition on the coefficients for which σ(L) contains all half line [H, ∞) for some H.
Efficient quantum dynamics simulations of complex molecular systems: A unified treatment of dynamic and static disorder
Authors: Gelin Maxim F. , Velardo Amalia , Borrelli Raffaele
Published: October 2021

We present a unified and highly numerically efficient formalism for the simulation of quantum dynamics of complex molecular systems, which takes into account both temperature effects and static disorder. The methodology is based on the thermo-field dynamics formalism, and Gaussian static disorder is included into simulations via auxiliary bosonic operators. This approach, combined with the tensor-train/matrix-product state representation of the thermalized stochastic wave function, is applied to study the effect of dynamic and static disorders in charge-transfer processes in model organic semiconductor chains employing the Su–Schrieffer–Heeger (Holstein–Peierls) model Hamiltonian.
Lessons from 35 years in industry
Authors: Tamor Mike
Published: October 2021

Physicists working at private-sector companies must learn quickly and adapt as needs evolve.
The road from academia to entrepreneurship
Authors: Middleton Christine
Published: October 2021

Developing laboratory innovations into commercial products takes more than a great idea. It requires financial investment and a team with diverse expertise.
Earth history events shaped the evolution of uneven biodiversity across tropical moist forests
Authors: Hagen Oskar , Skeels Alexander , Onstein Renske E. , Jetz Walter , Pellissier Loïc
Published: October 2021

Significance

Tropical moist forests harbor much of the world’s biodiversity, but this diversity is not evenly distributed globally, with tropical moist forests in the Neotropics and Indomalaya generally exhibiting much greater diversity than in the Afrotropics. Here, we assess the ubiquity of this “pantropical diversity disparity” (PDD) using the present-day distributions of over 150,000 species of plants and animals, and we compare these distributions with a spatial model of diversification combined with reconstructions of plate tectonics, temperature, and aridity. Our study demonstrates that differences in paleoenvironmental dynamics between continents, including mountain building, aridification, and global temperature fluxes, can explain the PDD by shaping spatial and temporal patterns of species origination and extinction, providing a close match to observed distributions of plants and animals.
Direct visualization of bottlebrush polymer conformations in the solid state
Authors: Chan Jonathan M. , Kordon Avram C. , Zhang Ruimeng , Wang Muzhou
Published: October 2021

Significance

This work provides a clear and convincing picture of a polymer chain surrounded by other polymers in the solid state over 100 y after the molecular definition of polymers was first proposed. We achieve this feat using super-resolution optical microscopy, which provides resolution sufficient for the nanoscale detail and provides contrast of individual chains from the surrounding background through fluorescent labeling. We measure the conformation of these polymers directly from their images and show that their rigidity is significantly different from that in solution. Further analysis investigates the dependence of conformation on various parameters, such as polymer branching and the features of the surrounding polymers.
Structural origins of
Escherichia coli
RNA polymerase open promoter complex stability
Authors: Saecker Ruth M. , Chen James , Chiu Courtney E. , Malone Brandon , Sotiris Johanna , Ebrahim Mark , Yen Laura Y. , Eng Edward T. , Darst Seth A.
Published: October 2021

Significance

The modulation of the rate of formation and of the lifetime of transcription initiation complexes is a critical point in gene expression control. In
Escherichia coli
, single-nucleotide changes can change the half-life of an RNA polymerase (RNAP)–promoter DNA complex by more than an order of magnitude. The origins of these effects are poorly understood. Using cryoelectron microscopy, we find that small alterations in the sequence or size of the transcription bubble trigger global changes in RNAP–DNA interactions and in DNA base stacking. Our results reveal that nonadditive structural changes allow a few crucial DNA positions to tune the transcription initiation complex lifetime from seconds to hours, influencing the rate and efficiency of the initial steps of RNA synthesis.
Mixing properties of Al2O3(0001)-supported M
2O3 and MM′O3 monolayers (M, M′ = Ti, V, Cr, Fe)
Authors: Noguera C , Goniakowski J
Published: October 2021

Considering the importance of sub-monolayer transition metal oxides supported on another oxide in many industrial processes, with the help of a DFT + U approach, we provide information on the structural and electronic properties of pure M
2O3 and mixed MM′O3 oxide monolayers (M, M′ = Ti, V, Cr, Fe) supported on an α-Al2O3(0001) support. With their structure in the prolongation of the alumina corundum lattice, the monolayers have non-equivalent surface and interface cations, which leads to two different cation configurations in the mixed oxides. In all cases, the interfacial charge transfer is weak, but strong cation–cation electron redistributions may take place as in TiVO3, TiFeO3, VFeO3, and TiCrO3 in which actual redox processes lead to cation oxidation states different from the expected +3 value. We show that the tendency to mixing relies on the interplay between two very different driving forces. Cation–cation redox reactions, in most cases, strongly stabilise mixed configurations, but preference for a given cation position in the monolayer, because of surface energy reasons, may strengthen, weaken or even block the mixing tendency. By comparison with results obtained in bulk ilmenite, in free-standing monolayers and in MLs deposited on transition metal substrates, we evidence the flexibility of their electronic structure as a function of size, dimensionality and nature of support, as a lever to tune their properties for specific applications.
Persistence of periodic and homoclinic orbits, first integrals and commutative vector fields in dynamical systems
Authors: Motonaga Shoya , Yagasaki Kazuyuki
Published: October 2021

We study persistence of periodic and homoclinic orbits, first integrals and commutative vector fields in dynamical systems depending on a small parameter ɛ > 0 and give several necessary conditions for their persistence. Here we treat homoclinic orbits not only to equilibria but also to periodic orbits. We also discuss some relationships of these results with the standard subharmonic and homoclinic Melnikov methods for time-periodic perturbations of single-degree-of-freedom Hamiltonian systems, and with another version of the homoclinic Melnikov method for autonomous perturbations of multi-degree-of-freedom Hamiltonian systems. In particular, we show that a first integral which converges to the Hamiltonian or another first integral as the perturbation tends to zero does not exist near the unperturbed periodic or homoclinic orbits in the perturbed systems if the subharmonic or homoclinic Melnikov functions are not identically zero on connected open sets. We illustrate our theory for four examples: the periodically forced Duffing oscillator, two identical pendula coupled with a harmonic oscillator, a periodically forced rigid body and a three-mode truncation of a buckled beam.
Quantification of the effect of uncertainty on impurity migration in PISCES-A simulated with GITR
Authors: Younkin T.R. , Sargsyan K. , Casey T. , Najm H.N. , Canik J.M. , Green D.L. , Doerner R.P. , Nishijima D. , Baldwin M. , Drobny J. , Curreli D. , Wirth B.D.
Published: October 2021

A Bayesian inference strategy has been used to estimate uncertain inputs to global impurity transport code (GITR) modeling predictions of tungsten erosion and migration in the linear plasma device, PISCES-A. This allows quantification of GITR output uncertainty based on the uncertainties in measured PISCES-A plasma electron density and temperature profiles (n
e, T
e) used as inputs to GITR. The technique has been applied for comparison to dedicated experiments performed for high (4 × 1022 m−2 s−1) and low (5 × 1021 m−2 s−1) flux 250 eV He–plasma exposed tungsten (W) targets designed to assess the net and gross erosion of tungsten, and corresponding W impurity transport. The W target design and orientation, impurity collector, and diagnostics, have been designed to eliminate complexities associated with tokamak divertor plasma exposures (inclined target, mixed plasma species, re-erosion, etc) to benchmark results against the trace impurity transport model simulated by GITR. The simulated results of the erosion, migration, and re-deposition of W during the experiment from the GITR code coupled to materials response models are presented. Specifically, the modeled and experimental W I emission spectroscopy data for a 429.4 nm line and net erosion through the target and collector mass difference measurements are compared. The methodology provides predictions of observable quantities of interest with quantified uncertainty, allowing estimation of moments, together with the sensitivities to plasma temperature and density.
Productive qualities of nanny-goats of the Orenburg downy breed depending on various types of diets
Authors: Ivanov P A , Ryazanov A B , Komarova N K , Zavyalov O A
Published: October 2021

The article shows the positive effect of different types of diets on the milk and downy productivity of Orenburg nanny-goats. In order to increase production and improve its quality, it is proved that it is necessary to use hay concentrate (43.6% coarse, 33.4% concentrates, 23.0% juicy) and hay (53.6% coarse, 23.4% concentrates and 23.0% juicy) type. This type of feeding allows you to increase the fleece of down, respectively by 6.63 and 12.80%, while reducing the cost of feed (feed units) by 1 kg of gain - 7.37%, by 1 kg of down - by 6.61 and 18.43%, the cost of 1 kg of down, respectively - by 6.53 and 16.55%.
Application of preferential leasing at enterprises of the agro-industrial complex
Authors: Chaika N K , Mazhayskiy Yu A , Surkova E V
Published: October 2021

The article deals with leasing operations for small enterprises of the agro-industrial complex. The following basic conditions of leasing transactions are considered: requirements for the lessee, minimum interest rate, minimum / maximum lease term, type of the financed property in the current market situation, industries and regions that are allowed for cooperation in the current market situation. The risk factors of the lessor and the lessee are analyzed. It is noted that when considering the segment of small and medium-sized enterprises of the agro-industrial complex, the main factor that determines the risk of the transaction is the uncertainty of the future profit of the lessee. A scheme for determining the risk of a leasing transaction is proposed. The risks of the lessee’s and lessor’s segments are considered. The conclusion is made about the high riskiness of leasing transactions for enterprises of the agro-industrial complex.
Kinetics of sea buckthorn juice concentration by freezing
Authors: Ovsyannikov V Yu , Klyuchnikov A I , Lobacheva N N , Toroptsev V V , Klyuchnikova D V
Published: October 2021

Concentration of sea buckthorn juice by freezing on a batch crystallizer with plate-fin heat exchange elements having the area of 0.08 m2 per cycle equal to 3600 s was studied in the work. An increase in the initial content of soluble substances in the concentrated juice with freezing reduces the specific amount of ice formed on the heat exchange surface. Increased release of frozen ice was observed at the refrigerant lower boiling point. An increase in the initial content of soluble substances in sea buckthorn juice reduces the value of the ratio of soluble substances in the concentrated juice in relation to the initial value. An increase in the refrigerant boiling point causes a decrease in the concentration level. The degree of sea buckthorn juice concentration also decreases with an increase in the content of soluble substances in the initial juice supplied for concentration by freezing.
Employment management of the rural population in the system of labor rehabilitation support in the Yemelyanovsky district of the Krasnoyarsk territory
Authors: Frolova O Ya , Shmeleva Zh N
Published: October 2021

The necessity of social partnership in the management of the rural population employment on the basis of the programs “Support of labor rehabilitation and subsequent employment of disabled people” on the platform of the “Territorial Agreement” is shown. In the conditions of the employment policy activation it reduces the unemployment rate in the municipal districts. It is important not only to analyze the causes of rural unemployment, but also to study the structure of labor resources for the development of the rural population employment trajectories. In rural areas, employment management is considered from the perspective of increasing the labor potential of municipalities. The process of employment management is formed on the basis of the development dynamics of both industrial and social processes, the pace of scientific and technological progress and the need to increase the innovative sensitivity of labor collectives in agricultural organizations. The processes of society humanization outline the trajectory of social adaptation and support in solving issues related to the life of disabled people, as the most vulnerable category of citizens. We associate the management of the rural population employment with the procedural elements of the organizational mechanism functioning: the conclusion of the “Territorial Agreement on the promotion of employment of disabled people” (draft) and the implementation of the Program “Support of labor rehabilitation and subsequent employment of disabled people”. The mechanism for managing the rural population employment at the municipal level ensures the functioning of a social partnership between the Agency for Labor and Employment of the Population of the Krasnoyarsk Territory, the executive bodies of the Yemelyanovsky district municipality and the business systems of the district, which facilitate disabled people’s social adaptation; expand their professional and labor activities; create conditions for employment.
Architectural insight to complex information systems of management of agricultural enterprises dealing with innovative cultivation of plants
Authors: Vartanyan Arevshad , Vartanyan Artur , Tokmajyan H , Tokmajyan V
Published: October 2021

The cost price and viability of plants grown by agricultural enterprises depend not only on their biological characteristics, but also on the environment, which provides them with water, air and nutrients in addition to light and heat. Moreover, water is the most important factor in the yield of cultivated crops, which determines all vital and technological processes in plants, the quantity and quality of the crop etc. The increase of the viability and quality of plants can be ensured by monitoring and controlling both the growing process of a plant and the environment, fertilizers and irrigation water applied into the soil. Designing an informative solution for an agricultural enterprise within the framework of an architectural approach is based on the architectures of databases, applications and communications subordinate to the architecture of the business and is supported by modern IT: data processing centers, transmission channels and application systems. Such solutions will allow monitoring the acidity, temperature and moisture content of the soil, which, for example, can be increased with the help of technological innovation - polymer-mineral material (PMM) introduced into the soil. PMM accumulates water, improves productivity and plant vitality and saves resources.
Risk management in the export activities of agricultural enterprises
Authors: Dalisova N A , Yamshchikov A S
Published: October 2021

The success of any enterprise, including agricultural in modern conditions, is achieved only by conducting a competitive struggle. That is why enterprises are forced to take actions to improve the efficiency of their work. Increasing efficiency allows you to increase the competitiveness of enterprises. In turn, a competent increase in competitiveness increases profits and strengthens the company’s position in the market. In this article, as a result of the analysis, a project for the development of the organization has been developed, on the basis of which a production program will be formed that contributes to improving the efficiency of activities.
Soil cultivation efficiency in pasture management of the arid zone of Central Asia and Kazakhstan
Authors: Mukhambetov B , Abdinov R , Kadasheva Zh , Alzhanova R , Doskaliyeva S , Kabiyev Y
Published: October 2021

Research work on the radical improvement of pastures with the sowing of prostrate rods (Kochia prostrate) against the background of plowing the soil to the depth of 20-22 cm has been carried out in the CIS countries since 1936 to this day. Despite the long-term study, in modern conditions, there are no industrial sowing of prostrate rods in Kazakhstan. The repeated attempts to introduce rods into production have failed. The long-term experiments (more than 50 years) have shown that Kochia prostrate does not sprout every year (approximately, two years out of five years, and then in places and sporadically). In one place full-fledged seedlings are provided, and in another place they are absent. That is, tillage does not provide the required efficiency. In this review, on the basis of original studies, the development of soil conditions for the growth of Kochia prostrate during soil cultivation is detailed. As known, when plowing, the upper fertile soil horizon is thrown down and it is buried by the less fertile, more structureless soil of the lower horizons. This, firstly, leads to the development of a hard crust impenetrable by Kochia prostrate sprouts and, secondly, when dry, solid soil blocks are formed under the seeds, impermeable by hypocatilny roots of Kochia prostrate. Therefore, sprouts of either die during dump plowing, or full-fledged shoots are not formed on it. The current dead-end situation with soil cultivation can be corrected by developing a new theoretical concept and, on its basis, developing a technology for soil cultivation and Kochia prostrate cultivation.
Varietal wheat responsiveness to the use of pesticides and fertilizers
Authors: Keler V V , Martynova O V , Demeneva A A
Published: October 2021

The article considers the reaction of the variety «Novosibirskaya 15» to the use of insecticides, fungicides, herbicides, as well as nitrogen fertilizers. Maximum yield of modern spring wheat varieties can be expected only when they are cultivated with elements of intensive technology in crop production. These are the improvement of soil fertility, the system of fertilizers and crop rotations, the use of zoned varieties, the integrated system of plant protection, the improvement of the tillage system, complex mechanization, etc. The fulfillment of these conditions makes a huge contribution to obtaining a high grain yield of excellent quality. In this regard we have studied individual elements of intensive technology and their contribution to the yield of one of the most popular varieties in the Krasnoyarsk Territory. The influence degree of pesticides and fertilizers usage on the elements of the crop structure and its quantity in the spring soft wheat variety «Novosibirskaya 15» was determined by the methods of mathematical statistics. It was established that in order to obtain the maximum productivity of this variety in the Krasnoyarsk Territory it is recommended to use both previous fallow and grain with maximum intensification and fertilization.
Fisheries as a factor of strengthening food security in Russia
Authors: Bogachev A I , Dorofeeva L N
Published: October 2021

The study provides a comprehensive assessment of the role of the fishery complex in ensuring food security. The health and life expectancy of the population largely depend on the amount of fish consumed. The main source of fish intake in the diet of Russians is the industrial catch of aquatic organisms. The catch volumes have been relatively stable in recent years. Aquaculture production in Russia is insignificant, but continues to grow. The analysis revealed a low dependence of food supply on imports and a high degree of self-sufficiency in fish products in Russia. Due to the decrease in the purchasing power of the population’s income and price inflation, the physical and economic accessibility of fish and fish products for a significant part of consumers is decreasing. The structure of consumption is dominated by cheap fish products and products with a low processing depth. A tendency towards a decrease in the quality of fish products in the consumer market has been revealed. These factors indirectly threaten the food security of Russia.
The problem of state support measures in the agro-industrial complex of the Russian Federation
Authors: Fastovich G G , Kapsargina S A
Published: October 2021

The article presents the author’s view on the state regulation of the agro-industrial complex in the Russian Federation. The authors made an attempt to analyze the measures of support of domestic farmers from the public sector, identified the positive aspects of the current norms of federal legislation that contribute to the development of farming. It is shown present development of the agro-industrial complex, the support of domestic agricultural producers is one of the most effective tools that allows modern Russia to occupy a leading position.
The effect of herbicides on the infestation of winter wheat crops
Authors: Glazunova N N , Bezgina J A , Shipulya A N , Volosova E V , Pashkova E V
Published: October 2021

Weed vegetation is a serious competitor to cultivated plants. Weed vegetation spends important elements and moisture on its vital activity, thereby reducing the yield. Weed control is an important element of the cultivation technology of any agricultural crop. Winter wheat is the main important crop in the South of Russia, the yield of which affects the quality of life of the population. The use of herbicides is the basis of protective measures against weeds. Modern trends in the development of the agro-industrial complex recommend a reduction in pesticide treatments, however, there is no other alternative for weed control. Our research is aimed at studying the biological effectiveness of herbicidal treatments and their effect on the development of weeds.
The effect of feeding the cavitating sunflower oil sludge on the hematological parameters of steers
Authors: Kurilkina M Ya , Muslyumova D M , Zavyalov O A , Duskaev G K
Published: October 2021

The article studied the effect of cavitation-treated sunflower oil sludge on the morphological and biochemical blood parameters of Kazakh white-headed steers (n=3) at the age of 13 months. During the preparatory period, the steers were transferred to experimental rations. In the diet of the steers of the I experimental group, 10% of the sunflower oil sludge from the concentrated part was additionally introduced, and the second-10% of the sunflower oil sludge, subjected to cavitation treatment, from the concentrated part. The results of the study showed that the animals of the II experimental group were superior to their peers of the I experimental and control groups in terms of hemoglobin by 3.2-6.8 %, red blood cells by 1.1-3.7 %, total protein content by 3.1-5.1 %, albumin-by 1.9-6.3 %. Based on the results obtained during the study, it was noted that when cavitated sunflower oil sludge is introduced into the diet of steers, a change in the hematological parameters of their blood is observed, which is expressed in the stimulation of protein metabolism in the body – increased levels of total protein and albumin in the blood serum. This may indicate a more intensive growth processes of steers of this group of animals.
Research of trends in the market of secondary use of agricultural machinery in the agro-industrial complex of the Russian Federation
Authors: Dorokhov A S , Kataev Yu V , Chepurina E L , Malykha E F , Chepurin A V
Published: October 2021

The paper presents the features of solving the most important practical problem for the agro-industrial complex: the development of a system of criteria and indicators for the formation and development of the secondary market of used agricultural machinery in order to optimize the machine and tractor fleet. An assessment of the possibility of using restored (modernized) agricultural machinery has been carried out. Convincing scientific reasoning for the development of this most important area in the activities of the agro-industrial complex makes it possible to constantly improve work to extend the service life of expensive agricultural equipment and the efficiency of its use, including used ones.
Effectiveness of state support for crop production in the Altai Territory
Authors: Bugai Yu , Minenko A , Khorunzhin M , Kharlova E , Korennov S
Published: October 2021

The profitability of agribusiness depends on the forms of state support. The preservation and development of budget support in the Altai Territory is dictated by the acute need of agricultural producers for it. The study examines a number of areas of interaction between the state and agribusiness, analyzes the amount of funding, and reveals a low share per 1 hectare compared to other regions. The influence of state support on the indicators of economic activity and the increase in tax revenues is analyzed. The indicators of the effectiveness of state support in the Altai Territory are presented and the grouping of agricultural enterprises is carried out according to the size of budget funds allocated for 1 hectare of agricultural land. There are conditions for granting subsidies. Interdepartmental cooperation is being carried out, the quality, availability and efficiency are being improved, and the provision of state support funds in the Altai Territory is being provided. For the coordination of the parties, there is an electronic personal account of agricultural producers.
Conditions for smart specialization of regional innovation clusters
Authors: Belyakova G Y , Zabuga E V , Stepanova E V
Published: October 2021

The article considers the possibilities of implementing the concept of smart specialization in relation to regional innovation clusters in the Russian Federation. The geographical structure of the regions that meet the requirements of smart specialization is presented. Groups of leading regions for innovative development and levels of specialization development are identified. The article discusses the possibilities of implementing the strategy of smart specialization for regional innovation clusters. The sequence of steps for the development of innovative strategies of regional innovation clusters based on the principles of smart specialization is determined. Examples of successful implementation for the smart specialization concept of regional innovation clusters in the Russian Federation are given. The characteristics of smart specialization and the fundamental approaches to the implementation of the specialization concept are considered. The classification of broad specialization regions as multisectoral and regions of narrow specialization with a concentration on specific areas of activity and industries is presented. The necessity of implementing innovative strategies of regional innovation clusters based on the principles of smart specialization is justified.
Pork production method involving the use of new feed additive «Chlorelact»
Authors: Mosolov A A , Slozhenkina M I , Nikolaev D V , Miroshnik A S , Frolova M V , Gorlov I F
Published: October 2021

The article presents materials on the development of an effective pork production technology involving the use of biologically active additive complex of biocorrective action “Chlorelact”, made on the basis of lactulose and microalgae chlorella, aimed at obtaining high meat productivity, as well as physiological indicators of young pigs. The scientific research were carried out on farm-breeding plant named after Lenin of Surovikinsky District of Volgograd Region. The experiment involved 3 groups of animals, 25 heads each at the age of 2 months. The use of feed additive «Chlorelact» made it possible to stibilize tissue metabolism and thus significantly increase in live weight gain of animals from experimental groups in comparison with animals of control group. The best results were obtained from animals that received a complex biologically active additive «Chlorelact» as part of a compound feed.
Issues of implementation of control indicators of the food security doctrine of the Russian federation
Authors: Solodova S V , Sigidov Yu I , Ilyasov R H
Published: October 2021

The article considers individual issues of implementation of control indicators of the execution of the Doctrine of Food Security of the Russian Federation. The characteristic features of food security are defined. The variants of assessment of self-sufficiency in foodstuffs are offered. The formula for the level of self-sufficiency in foodstuffs, which allows to take into account the provision of rational norms of consumption in calculations, is offered. The possible measures aimed at achieving the indicators of national interests of the state declared in the Doctrine were defined. Two possible options for the authorities, aimed at achieving the indicators of self-sufficiency in food were considered. The advantages and disadvantages of each of the presented directions are presented.
Use of geoinformation technologies in the analysis of the dynamics of potato production in the Republic of Crimea for the period from 2015 to 2019
Authors: Tabunshchik V A , Zolkin A L , Suchkov D K , Kosnikov S N
Published: October 2021

The results of processing of dynamics of potato production in the territory of the Republic of Crimea for the period from 2015 to 2019 are presented in the article using the geographic information system ArcGIS 10.4, which allows to carry out the prompt collection and processing of large amounts of information in the information environment in order to solve the problems of monitoring and assessment of the state of land. It has been established that potato production is distributed extremely unevenly on the territory of the Republic of Crimea. The largest potato production is typical for the Dzhankoi, Simferopol and Belogorsk regions. In general, from 2015 to 2019. potato production at the territory of the Republic of Crimea has decreased by 34%. A cluster analysis has been performed using the STATISTICA 10 and ArcGIS 10.4 software packages and the administrative-territorial units of the Republic of Crimea have been grouped into 7 clusters of the same type.
Research of the soil plowing technology on slope lands with a circular profilograph
Authors: Vasilyev S A , Alekseev V V
Published: October 2021

A number of indicators estimates the quality of tillage during field operations. Thus the assessment takes time that is not always reasonable. To control the quality of tillage on slope agricultural landscapes we propose a newly developed technical means for profiling the day soil surface. A specific feature of the technical means is an automated circular scanning with a rangefinder. The scanning radius of the day soil surface can be variable or constant. Processing of the obtained data array is performed in a semi-automatic mode. Thus, we can get full information about the impact of agricultural machine on the soil, i.e. to assess the lumpiness, plowing, furrow depth, straightness of plowing and other measurements within a short time span. Simultaneously the assessment of slope is performed when the machine is moving along and across the slope. The way the machine impacts the soil, shows if soil conditions, adjustments, timing of work and other conditions have been specified correctly. Thus, due to the rapid comprehensive assessment of the impact on the soil, the proposed approach makes it possible to adapt the operating modes to the various soil properties on slope agricultural landscapes in the shortest time possible.
Smartphone-based plant leaf area meter
Authors: Aleynikov A F , Shadrin S M
Published: October 2021

A portable device is described for measuring an important plant trait – plant leaf area. The principle of operation of the device is based on digital processing of the obtained images by the method of technical vision. It is implemented on the basis of a free cross-platform framework for game development and visualization – the LibGDX software project. An algorithm and a program for the automated determination of the leaf area are presented. The device is autonomous and is based on a smartphone and a gadget for it. The results of his research tests are presented. The purpose of the device is to study the influence of the environment on ecological systems in the field.
The role of the Internet of Things as direction for the development of agriculture 4.0 for rural areas
Authors: Solodovnik A I , Savkin V I , Amelina A V
Published: October 2021

The article discusses trends and opportunities for the development of the digitalization of agriculture. The potential of the Internet of Things (IoT) for agriculture is innovative. The rationale for this is the creation of cloud platform solutions determines the grounds for this research. Particular attention is paid to quantitative and qualitative trends in the development of the Internet of Things in agricultural production. The article analyses the benefits of the Internet of Things for agriculture and rural development. The industrial Internet of Things helps to improve the competitiveness, efficiency and safety of agricultural production. IoT platforms and mobile apps allow to control and track production along the entire value chain. They also help to make decisions with a high level of risk in agricultural production. Significant amount of the information available in the agriculture is not fully utilized. Digitalization of agriculture improves efficiency and productivity in the industry. The Internet of Things in agriculture is a promising direction of technological breakthrough for a rational resource-saving agriculture 4.0.
Shot lot transportation by road transport
Authors: Egorov R N , Korotkikh Yu S , Vinogradov O V , Ryabchikova V G
Published: October 2021

In the cargo turn-over of our country, the most important place is taken by transportation of perishable products and shot lots. Specific peculiarities of perishable products transportation make them one of the most critical ones and impose higher requirements to technical means of mobile refrigeration. The main task for mobile refrigeration is improvement of quality of transportation of perishable goods, productivity of work, capital productivity, reduction of current material costs per unit of transported cargo, more effective use of available and more rapid development of new economically efficient engineering tools.
Background gamma radiation and plant photosynthesis
Authors: Nevolin Vladimir K
Published: October 2021

The idea of experiments is inspired by experimental data on the transmutation of isotopes in biological systems. Model particles, in our opinion, responsible for nuclear reactions can be hydrogen atoms in unusual states. Previously, we have experimentally shown that the formation of such hydrogen atoms is observed under hard ultraviolet radiation (they can be formed during photosynthesis in plants). In turn, these atoms, entering into nuclear reactions, can lead to gamma radiation. In this regard, it is possible to emit both ultraviolet and gamma radiation from plants. Two radiascan 701A dosimeters were used for experimental studies of gamma radiation from indoor plants in daylight and in the dark. The radiation from deciduous plants was observed in daylight and stopped in the dark. The relative value of the background gamma radiation of plants did not exceed 2% of the background level in the room. In the case of cactus, there is mainly absorption of background gamma radiation associated with a significant green mass of the plant and scattering and absorption of gamma quanta in the volume of the cactus. Cactus radiation can be observed if it exceeds the absorption of gamma quanta. The probability of such a situation depends on the extent to which the surface of the cactus is developed, intensive vegetation (flowering), and regular watering. For applied purposes, these radiations can be used for remote diagnosis of the state of plants.
The state of the antioxidant system of goby fish
Authors: Kuzina T V , Kuzin A V
Published: October 2021

A comparison of the functional state of goby fish caught at the ecological monitoring station in the locations of oil-producing wells is carried out. The results of the assessment of the antioxidant system and the processes of lipid peroxidation of aquatic organisms are presented. Biochemical markers are used in biomonitoring studies to analyze the toxicity of polluting factors in the aquatic environment. Low indices of malondialdehyde content in fish liver from 1.1 to 9.6 nmol were found at three studied stations. A significant increase in the content of the product of lipid peroxidation in the liver and muscle tissue of fish was revealed at certain stations in the Northern Caspian. In general, indicators that exceed the conditional norm for the accumulation of MDA in the liver and muscle tissue of aquatic organisms were noted at 5 out of 31 studied stations. The data obtained indicate the development of oxidative stress and the enhancement of the protective properties of the fish organism under conditions of high anthropogenic load.
Genetic sources of naked oat for selection in the climate of Central Siberia
Authors: Lipshin A , Surin N , Gerasimov S , Laptev A
Published: October 2021

The study of the genetic characteristics of plant response to changes in environmental conditions makes it possible to use the achievements of selection in more effective ways. In 2019-2020 in the conditions of the open forest-steppe of Krasnoyarsk region naked samples of spring oat have been studied to identify the parent material. Sources for important selection characteristics have been highlighted: early maturity of Gosha (k-15120, Belarus), which matured seven days earlier than the standard and the American sample MF9521-19 (k-15226, USA) which matured six days earlier than the standard; two early ripening samples of Gosha (k-15120, Belarus) and MF9521-19 (k-15226, USA) were assigned to the lodging resistant cultivar (8.5 points according to a 9-point system); the most coarse-grained cultivar with a mass of 1000 grains over 30 g are the following: the mass of MF9521-19 (k-15226, USA) is 38.4 g; the mass of Vladyka (k-15408, Belarus) is 37.7 g; the mass of Zhytomyr (k-15502, Ukraine) is 36.8 g; the mass of Local China (k-15149, China) is 34.0 g; the mass of Visit (k-15501, Ukraine) is 30.2 g; the mass of Progress (k-15339, Omsk region) is 29.7 g; the mass of Gosha (k-15120, Belarus) is 29.6 g.
Low molecular weight chitosan hydrolyzate inhibits the growth of some phytopathogenic Ascomycota fungi
Authors: Timofeeva T A , Zakurin A O , Nezhdanova A V , Shagdarova B Ts , Davlekamova A A , Gaydukova S E , Yakovleva I V , Kamionskaya A M
Published: October 2021

The work studied the effect of low molecular weight chitosan hydrolyzate on the growth and development of phytopathogens Botrytis cinerea, Fusarium solani, Alternaria solani. Chitosan hydrolyzate, when added to potato-glucose agar, inhibits the growth of mycelium in vitro of Botrytis cinerea, Fusarium solani, Alternaria solani. Treatment with chitosan hydrolyzate suppresses the development of fusarium on tomato leaves and the development of gray rot on fruits. Further studies of chitosan hydrolyzate effect mechanisms on plants can expand the scope of its application.
Extraction products from kind Lonicera vegetative parts usage possibility
Authors: Krotova I V , Demina L N , Zhdanova P A , Nikolaeva A U
Published: October 2021

At present time the need of biologically active substances and preservatives as natural extract usage is increasing. Local recourses’ applying, in particular, honeysuckle common growing in the Krasnoyarsk territory is a justified decision. The results of vitamin C keeping dynamics in the separate vegetative parts of wild-growing blue honeysuckle depending on storage conditions are presented. It was shown that ascorbic acid is in 1.4 times higher in freshly picked berries in comparison with leaves. However acid content in berries subjected to deep freezing is decreasing over time and six month later it is only 68% from the original. At the same time vitamin C keeping in the leaves dried to air-dry condition is rather higher and to the end of storage period (6 months) is decreased only to 5.2%. Herewith the total amount of ascorbic acid in the leaves is higher than that in the frozen berries of the investigated plant. Besides that the spectrophotometric research showed the presence in the blue honeysuckle leaves (Lonicera caerulea L.) such classes of biological active compounds as chlorophyll containing derivatives, bioflavonoid complex, carbohydrate components, anthocyans, tanning agents, organic matters and so on. This circumstance suggests great perspectives for the vegetable raw material practical applying.
Analysis of methods for processing oily mill scale and oily sludge for iron and steel production
Authors: Somova Yu V , Sviridova T V , Alekseeva PA , Nekerov E A , Schwabecher D
Published: October 2021

The paper considers the main methods of processing oily mill scale and oily sludge for iron and steel production. At present, the issue of processing such waste is highly relevant for iron and steel works. The iron content allows regards them as a valuable technogenic raw material. But direct processing is complicated by the high oil content. The authors describe thermal processing variants with and without regeneration of oil products, physicochemical methods and briquetting. A desludging method with the help of Rotor Impulse Machines (RIM) is described in sufficient detail; its main advantages are presented. A very promising direction in the development of new technologies for the processing of oily sludge is the combination of physicochemical, mechanical, magnetic and other methods of desludging with the regeneration of oils.