bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The lichens and allied fungi of the Smorodinka River Valley (Leningrad Region)
Authors: Stepanchikova I. S. , Tagirdzhanova G. M. , Himelbrant D. E.
Published: January 2020

Altogether 244 species of lichen-forming, lichenicolous and non-lichenized fungi are reported from the Smorodinka River Valley, a projected protected natural area (Leningrad Region). Arthonia biatoricola Ihlen et Owe-Larss. and Gyalideopsis alnicola W. J. Noble et Vězda are reported for the first time for Russia, Fellhaneropsis myrtillicola (Erichsen) Serus. et Coppins and Phaeocalicium flabelliforme Tibell — for European Russia, Aspilidea myrinii (Fr.) Hafellner and Lepraria borealis Lohtander et Tonsberg are new to the Leningrad Region, Gregorella humida (Kullh.) Lumbsch, Mycoblastus alpinus (Fr.) Th. Fr. ex Hellb., Phaeocalicium populneum (Brond. ex Duby) Alb. Schmidt and P. praecedens (Nyl.) Alb. Schmidt are new to the Western Leningrad Region. The nearest to St. Petersburg locality of Lobaria pulmonaria (L.) Hoffm. on Karelian Isthmus has been found in the Smorodinka River Valley.
Addition to the lichen flora of Russia. II. Bacidia pycnidiata
Authors: Urbanavichus G. P. , Urbanavichene I. N.
Published: January 2020

Bacidia pycnidiata Czarnota et Coppins is recorded for the first time for Russia from the North Caucasus. Descriptions of the species, its ecology, and general distribution are provided.
Nonmotile green microalgae (Chlorophyta) in soils of Molodyozhnaya station (Antarctic)
Authors: Andreyeva V. M.
Published: January 2020

The first data about nonmotile green microalgae (13 genera and 14 species) found in soils of the station Molodyozhnaya (Antarctic) are reported.
The lichens of manor parks in the central part of Minsk Region (Belarus)
Authors: Yatsyna A. P.
Published: January 2020

As a result of the survey of lichen biota in 11 manor parks situated in the central part of the Minsk Region, 115 species were identified. Lecania erysibe (Ach.) Mudd, L. sylvestris (Arnold) Arnold and Xanthoria ulophyllodes Rasanen were recorded for the first time for Belarus. Altogether 19 species of rare in Belarus were found in the parks.
Centric diatoms (Bacillariophyta) from the Antarctic Ocean
Authors: Gogorev R. M.
Published: January 2020

New data on morphology of 32 species of the orders Thalassiosirales, Melosirales, Coscinodiscales and Asterolamprales, including 18 Thalassiosira species, from the East Antarctic waters are presented. The species of the genus Thalassiosira mainly dominate in nearice and plankton assemblages.
A new species of Tomentella (Thelephorales, Basidiomycota) from European Russia
Authors: Kotokova V. M.
Published: January 2020

A new species, Tomentella rostrata Kotkova sp. nov., from Pskov Region (North-Western European Russia), is characterized by isodiametric hyphae without clamps and angular or ellipsoid spores (7)8–10 × 5–6 μm, with bifurcate echinuli and prominent apiculus.
Early Oshii. From Patlabor to Ghost in the Shell : a scientist jumped, and became a woman.
Authors: Akmut Camille
Published: January 2020

Before Mamoru Oshii gained international acclaim with the 1995Ghost in the Shell movie, he had already developed many of its themes in thetwo Patlabor movies (1989 and 1993, respectively). Here we introduce the firstof these with a thesis (the fall of the programmer mirrors the birth of the gender-ambiguous cyborg) as well as notes from the history of computer science andtechnology. ”Patlabor for me was a major film in many ways, and I think itbecame my turning point. I know I am what I am today because of Patlabor.” –he declared himself.
Penerapan Pendekatan Saintifik dalam Pembelajaran Biologi sebagai Upaya Melatih Literasi Saintifik
Authors: Setiawan Adib Rifqi
Published: January 2020

Tujuan dari penelitian ini ialah untuk mendapatkan peningkatan kompetensi literasi saintifik siswa setelah diterapkan pendekatan saintifik dalam pembelajaran biologi topik plantae dan animalia di sekolah menengah. Metode penelitian yang dipilih ialah quasi-experimental dengan desain time series. Sampel sebanyak 120 siswa dari sekolah menengah di Kabupaten Kudus diambil menggunakan teknik convenience sampling. Desain penelitian berupa 16 kali pengamatan, yakni 8 kali sebelum diberikan tindakan berupa hasil pretest dan 8 kali setelah diberikan tindakan berupa hasil posttest serta tindakan berupa penerapan pendekatan saintifik ke dalam pembelajaran. Instrumen yang dipakai berupa tes tipe uraian topik plantae dan animalia yang disusun berdasarkan indikator kompetensi literasi saintifik PISA. Hasil yang diperoleh ialah peningkatan kompetensi literasi di kategori sedang dengan nilai sebesar 0,663. Melalui penelitian ini terungkap bahwa pembelajaran menggunakan pendekatan saintifik memungkinkan untuk dipakai melatih literasi saintifik siswa.
PERAN TEKNOLOGI DALAM MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS PENDIDIKAN DI SEKOLAH TINGGI AGAMA ISLAM SWASTA
Authors: januaripin muhamad
Published: January 2020

Salah satu indikasi ketertinggalan lembaga pendidikan tinggi islam swasta adalah minimnya pelayanan dan sarana prasarana yang memadai baik dari tata kelola administrasinya maupun dalam proses pembelajarannya. Situasi seperti ini jika dibiarkan akan memperburuk citra lembaga pendidikan tinggi itu sendiri dan lambat laun akan ditinggalkan. Adanya pemamfaatan teknologi pendidikan seperti pembuatan sistem informasi akademik, e-learning, digital library, e-mail, website dan pengadaan serta pemberdayaan sumber daya manusia yang menguasai teknologi bukan tidak mungkin lembaga pendidikan islam swasta menjadi lembaga pendidikan yang berkualitas dan berdaya saing.
Pelaksanaan Denda Keterlambatan Pengembalian Buku Di Perpustakaan IAIN Padangsidimpuan Ditinjau Dari Fiqih Muamalah
Authors: SIREGAR SITI HARTINA
Published: January 2020

Perpustakaan IAIN Padangsidimpuan adalah salah satu perpustakaan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan pemakai, dengan memiliki jenis-jenis layanan pengguna dan dalam layanan sirkulasinya telah menggunakan tata tertib peminjaman, pengembalian, dan perpanjangan koleksi. Di dalam peraturan tata tertib peminjaman setiap pemustaka yang terlambat mengembalikan buku akan dikenakan sanksi berupa denda.Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana Pelaksanaan Denda Keterlambatan Pengembalian Buku di Perpustakaan IAIN Padangsidimpuan dan Bagaimana Tinjauan Fiqih Muamalah terhadap Pelaksanaan Denda Keterlambatan Pengembalian Buku di Perpustakaan IAIN Padangsimpuan.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Pelaksanaaan Denda Keterlambatan Pengembalian Buku di Perpustakaan IAIN Padangsidimpuan dan untuk mengetahui apakah Pelaksanaan Denda Keterlambatan Pengembalian Buku di Perpustakaan IAIN Padangsidimpuan sesuai dengan Fiqih Muamalah.Metode penelitian yang penulis gunakan adalah dengan menggunakan analisis kualitatif dengan menggunakan deskriptif yaitu menggambarkan fenomena-fenomena atau kejadian yang terjadi dilapangan apa adanya secara ilmiah. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan terdiri dari wawancara langsung dan studi dokumentasi. Sedangkan untuk mengelola data dan menganalisis data dilakukan dengan editing data, verifikasi dan penarikan kesimpulan.Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini adalah Pelaksanaan Denda Keterlambatan Pengembalian Buku di Perpustakaan IAIN Padangsidimpuan sudah sesuai dengan Fiqih Muamalah. Dalam pelaksanaannya denda diberlakukan atas dasar melanggar peraturan atau tata tertib yang berlaku.
Faces and Fingers: Authentication
Authors: Reitinger Nathan
Published: January 2020

One of the most shocking outcomes of the pre-digital law versus post-digital world is the currently unconfirmed holding that although law enforcement may not compel the production of a password to unlock a mobile device, a finger, and likely a face, is fair game. You may be forced to “look” at your iPhone or “press” your finger against its fingerprint reader, but recitation of your password is off the table. Both logically and legally this result is quizzical. Merging these divergent outcomes, which both end in the same result—access— is the aim of this Essay, using as fodder a technical understanding of “authentication,” the organic statute behind device unlock. Because the sine qua non of authentication is identification and verification, unlocking a device necessarily imparts a truth telling: an expression of exclusivity, ownership, and control. These qualities are inherently testimonial; therefore, compelled device unlock based on a fingerprint or facial scan should be deemed to infringe upon the Fifth Amendment’s protection against self-incrimination.
The timing mega-study: comparing a range of experiment generators, both lab-based and online
Authors: Bridges David , Pitiot Alain , MacAskill Michael R. , Peirce Jonathan
Published: January 2020

Many researchers in the behavioral sciences depend on research software that presents stimuli, and records response times, with sub-millisecond precision. There are a large number of software packages with which to conduct these behavioural experiments and measure response times and performance of participants. Very little information is available, however, on what timing performance they achieve in practice. Here we report a wide-ranging study looking at the precision and accuracy of visual and auditory stimulus timing and response times, measured with a Black Box Toolkit. We compared a range of popular packages: PsychoPy, E-Prime®, NBS Presentation®, Psychophysics Toolbox, OpenSesame, Expyriment, Gorilla, jsPsych, Lab.js and Testable. Where possible, the packages were tested on Windows, MacOS, and Ubuntu, and in a range of browsers for the online studies, to try to identify common patterns in performance. Among the lab-based experiments, Psychtoolbox, PsychoPy, Presentation and E-Prime provided the best timing, all with mean precision under 1 millisecond across the visual, audio and response measures. OpenSesame had slightly less precision across the board, but most notably in audio stimuli and Expyriment had rather poor precision. Across operating systems, the pattern was that precision was generally very slightly better under Ubuntu than Windows, and that Mac OS was the worst, at least for visual stimuli, for all packages. Online studies did not deliver the same level of precision as lab-based systems, with slightly more variability in all measurements. That said, PsychoPy and Gorilla, broadly the best performers, were achieving very close to millisecond precision on a number of browser configurations. For response times (using a high-performance button box), most of the packages achieved precision at least under 10 ms in all browsers, with PsychoPy achieving a precision under 3.5 ms in all. There was considerable variability between operating systems and browsers, especially in audio-visual synchrony which is the least precise aspect of the browser-based experiments. Nonetheless, the data indicate that online methods can be suitable for a wide range of studies, with due thought about the sources of variability that result.The results, from over 110,000 trials, highlight the wide range of timing qualities that can occur even in these dedicated software packages for the task. We stress the importance of scientists making their own timing validation measurements for their own stimuli and computer configuration.
Taking the Bait: Interrogation questions about hypothetical evidence may inflate perceptions of guilt
Authors: Crozier William Edward , Luke Timothy John , Strange Deryn
Published: January 2020

During suspect interviews, police will sometimes ask about hypothetical incriminating evidence to evoke a cue to deception – a technique known as a bait question. Previousresearch has demonstrated such questions can distort peoples’ memory for what evidence exists in a case. Here, we investigate whether such memory distortion can also cause people to see the suspect as more likely to be guilty. Across three experiments, we find exposure to bait questions led to participants hold inflated views of a suspect’s guilt. Further, we demonstrate bait questions cause reliable, robust memory distortion, leading participants to believe non-existent, incriminating evidence exists. However, we found no evidence to support the speculated mechanisms for this inflation – namely, (1) that source monitoring errors could lead people to misremember false evidence as real evidence and (2) that bait questions provide “key evidence” to fill in the gaps of anincomplete theory of a case. In sum, bait questions have the problematic potential to shift jurors towards guilty verdicts. We suggest future research directions on bait questions, including the need for different designs to clarify why bait questions inflate guilt, and recommend practitioners avoid the use of bait questions.
Changing the Future: An Initial Test of Future Specificity Training (FeST)
Authors: Hallford David John , Yeow Joseph , Fountas Grace , Herrick Caitlyn , Raes Filip , D'Argembeau Arnaud
Published: January 2020

A range of psychiatric disorders are characterised by impairments in episodic future thinking (EFT), and particularly simulating specific, spatiotemporally-located future events. To date, no study has examined whether training can lead to sustained improvement in the specificity of EFT. In this study, participants (N=60; M age=31, SD=13.2) were randomized to a two-session, group-based program on future thinking (Future Specificity Training; FeST) or wait-list. At follow-up the training group, relative to the wait-list group, showed large, statistically-significant improvements in the ability to mentally simulate specific EFT (d=.82), as well as increases in detail (d=1.32), use of mental imagery (d=1.32), anticipated (d=1.78) and anticipatory pleasure (d=1.07), perceived control (d=1.20), and likelihood of occurrence (d=1.09). Some effects were also observed on positive, generalised future self-states. This study provides the first evidence that EFT specificity can be enhanced, and the effects of FeST on other variables indicate a possible avenue to disrupt psychopathological processes.
Sensitivity of Radiocarbon Sum Calibration
Authors: Hinz Martin
Published: January 2020

Sum calibration has become a standard tool for demographic studies, even though the methodology itself is far from uncontroversial. In addition to fundamental methodological criticism, questions are frequently raised about the sample size and data density required to detect large-scale changes in past populations. This article uses a simulation approach to determine the detection probabilities for events of varying intensity and with varying data density. At the same time, the effectiveness of Monte Carlo-based confidence envelopes as a countermeasure against false-positive results is tested. The results show that the detection of such events is not unlikely and that the Monte Carlo method is well suited to separate signal and noise. However, the nature of the events already observed in this way demands further assessment.
Pesan Dakwah dalam buku “Harmoni Semesta” karya Meyda Sefira dan Lutfiah Hayati
Authors: Setiawan Adib Rifqi
Published: January 2020

Dakwah pada saat ini banyak dipahami bukan sekadar proses penyampaian ajaran Islam melalui ceramah dan khutbah di podium atau mimbar yang banyak dilakukan oleh penceramah atau mubaligh. Namun, saat ini dakwah akan lebih terarah apabila dalam materi dakwah tersebut mengandung sentuhan psikologis dan sosiologis dengan realitas yang ada. Banyak da’i yang menjadi panutan ketika materi dakwah yang disampaikan sesuai dengan kondisi masyarakat. Salah satu dakwah yang mengandung sentuhan tersebut biasanya disampaikan melalui karya tulis. Berdasarkan latar belakang tersebut, riset ini bertujuan untuk mengelaborasi pesan dalam buku “Harmoni Semesta” karya Meyda Sefira dan Lutfiah Hayati dari sisi akidah, syariah, dan akhlak. Data yang digunakan dalam riset ini berupa tuturan yang disajikan dalam buku tersebut, kemudian dielaborasi menggunakan kerangka teori analisis isi pengembangan dari Harold Laswell. Kerangka ini dipilih karena dapat membantu untuk memperoleh keterangan dari komunikasi yang disampaikan dalam buku. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa buku “Harmoni Semesta” karya Meyda Sefira dan Lutfiah Hayati memuat pesan dakwah yang disampaikan secara sederhana melalui beberapa bab terkait pengalaman pribadi setiap penulis. Penyampaian ini memudahkan para pembaca untuk mencerna pesan yang disampaikan kedua penulis. Lebih lanjut, kami mendapatkan pesan dakwah kategori akhlak lebih banyak di bandingkan dengan kategori aqidah dan syariah. Dengan demikian, dapat dikatakan bahwa melalui buku “Harmoni Semesta”, kedua penulis menyampaikan pesan agar pembaca meneladani akhlak yang dialami oleh setiap penulis, yang secara tersirat memberi teladan kepada pembaca supaya bisa dan biasa mengambil hikmah dari pengalaman diri sendiri.
Effect of Temperature, Time and Amount of Alkaline Treated Cotton Seaweed (ATS) Products Dried in a Dryer Oven on Product Quality
Authors: Masud Mochammad , Effendi Mohammad , Huda Miftachul
Published: January 2020

Eucheuma cottonii seaweed contains carrageenan, which is used as an ingredient for the food and beverage industry. This must be processed first by an alkaline process and then dried to become chips known as alkaline treated cotton chips (ATC) products. The process of drying seaweed was done using an oven dryer using heat energy that can be adjusted to the drying time, temperature and number of products so that the quality of the dried products of seaweed products that have been processed into Alkaline Treated Cotton Seaweed (ATS) to be used as an advanced product becomes ATC (Alkali Treated Cotton Chips). The results of this study aim to find out the optimal value of temperature, drying time and the amount of ATS to get output from ATC in accordance with SNI 8170: 2015 standard and received by the customer. Based on the results of the study, it was found that the minimum significant drying process for moisture content was 12.10% at level 2, 1 kg weight, level 2 temperature 70 oC with level 3 drying time 400 minutes. Whereas the maximum gel strength is 910 gram / cm2 at level 1, weight 0.5 kg, level 2 temperature 70 oC with level 2 drying time 320 minutes.
Governance Innovations and Population Data Recording in Southeast Aceh Regency
Authors: Maruapey Muhamad Husein
Published: January 2020

Population data management involves many complex activities of different types of organizations, stakeholders, and knowledge. Innovation is essential in improving the efficiency of the public sector. Governance innovations will give the consequences of the success of innovation itself.  Good governance is a reflection of the innovation strategy of a government administration process. The focus of this research is to investigate the phenomenon of innovation in the management of population data and documents in Southeast Aceh regency. The qualitative method with phenomenological analysis is used to explain and identify how the phenomenon occurs.  The data collection is done inductively by having interviews, discussions, and participatory observation. The triangulation approach is used to explain empirical and secondary data. The results of this study found that the management of innovation should be supported by various supporting policies and the leadership capacity of policy maker. Community participation and cross-border cooperation also contributed to the management of innovation. Innovation is also an immediate need today to deliver excellent public services by the government. JEL Classification:  H70, O32, R58
Marketing Communication Strategy to Reopen A Business Venture
Authors: Fahreza Mohammad
Published: January 2020

The research aims to find the best marketing communication strategy for reopening the new business venture that engages in washing services in specialized products such as bags and shoes. This research used a descriptive approach. The research was conducted through FGD and market surveys. The observed variable was the perception of cleaning service in terms of the interests, activities, behavior, needs and desires of consumers. The result of the research shows that the approach of restarting the business is looking at a business venture as a startup. The business branding of the new venture is in a disadvantaged position compared to its competitors because it has just opened; therefore marketing strategy is to build and enhance business branding by communicating information about business services to potential customers through social media, key persons, and word of mouth. It is expected to be able to communicate the service features and a variety of information about service, price and discount, location, and other profiles of new ventures. The marketing communication strategy is based on the stages of a customer's journey to decide on a purchase, ranging from awareness, education, consideration, purchase, loyalty, to advocacy.   JEL Classification:  L21, L84, M30
Analysis of Deprivations Suffered by Children Under Five in Benin
Authors: Aminou Fawaz A. Adéchinan , Zahonogo Pam
Published: January 2020

Children are seriously affected by poverty and suffer particular deprivations. In addition, their situation is most of the time ignored in the strategies devoted to tackling poverty. This study examined the multidimensional poverty of children under five in Benin by identifying its determinants. It used the data from the demographic and health surveys in Benin from 2011-2012 and adopted the approach by Alkire & Foster (2011) to generate multidimensional poverty profiles of children. The weightings of the dimensions were generated by multiple correspondence analysis. The GLM and Logit models were used to identify the driving factors of child deprivation. Findings indicate that 54 percent of children were multidimensionally poor when the poverty line k = 1 against 32 percent of poor children when k = 3.  Nutrition and sanitation dimensions had the highest relative contributions of 41.12 and 28.77 percent respectively to the global multidimensional poverty index. JEL Classification:  D63, I32, O10
Generations, Perspectives, Differences, and Communal Discourse: The Youth/Elders Project
Authors: Kandil Yasmine , Parry Evalyn
Published: January 2020

In this interview Yasmine Kandil sits with Evalyn Parry to discuss the process of workshopping, devising, and staging the Youth/Elder Project. In the course of their conversation, they find intersections between applied theatre, queer theatre, and intergenerational theatre processes.
Radical Mentorship and More: Community Arts as a Pathway to Equity
Authors: Shaffeeullah Nikki
Published: January 2020

In what ways is the evolving sector of community arts facilitating equity in the greater arts sector and in society at large, and in what ways is it simply reproducing existing systems of power? This article reflects on the growing institutionalization and professionalization of community-engaged arts and asks how we can (or if it is even possible to) manifest the radical social, environmental, and economic justice that the world needs through the state-regulated channels of funded non-profits, registered charities, and educational institutions. I draw on my background as a community-arts facilitator and arts equity activist to identify the ways in which Western colonial values are minimizing the potential transformative power of community arts and discuss practices and value systems we use at The Artists Mentoring Youth Project to centre equity in our community arts work.
Finding What’s Real in Research and Theatre
Authors: Kandil Yasmine , Freeman Barry , Gallagher Kathleen
Published: January 2020

Distinguished Professor Kathleen Gallagher spent years collaborating with Toronto-based playwright Andrew Kushnir on a project exploring the lives of young people in multiple global sites through the lens of drama experiences. In this interview, the co-editors ask Gallagher about the origins and nature of this unique collaboration, as well as about one of its special outcomes: Kushnir’s play Towards Youth: A Play on Radical Hope, staged at Streetcar Crowsnest in Toronto in 2019.
Shifting Perspectives and Practices: Mirror Theatre’s Stop/Start/Continue Evolution
Authors: Norris Joe
Published: January 2020

Mirror Theatre has a long history of applied theatre practice, primarily in the provinces of Alberta and Ontario. This article documents some of its over seventy performances/workshops addressing health, social, and educational issues. Employing a stop, start, continue lens, it outlines some of the changes the company has gone through based on theoretical and pragmatic considerations. Issues of the ethics and safety of audience participation, establishment of appropriate assessment criteria, the nature and size of audiences, and the pros and cons of including videos in their repertoire are discussed.
Between the Flag and the Hungry Ghosts
Authors: Knowles Ric
Published: January 2020

“Between the Flag and the Hungry Ghosts” reviews the 2018 edition of the George Town Festival in Penang, Malaysia, probing the tension between the festival’s ideological role of promoting a governing vision of “one Malaysia” and the unruly and ungovernable nature of festivity.
The Impact of Pensions and Private Transfers on Rural Poverty in Brazil
Authors: Guedes Gilvan Ramalho , Noronha Kenya , Moro Sueli , Antigo Mariângela
Published: January 2020

Combining different data sources to create a balanced panel of rural state units of analysis, we estimate the impact of pensions (public) and inter-household (private) monetary transfers on the dynamics of rural poverty in Brazil between 1996 and 2015. We combine data from the Brazilian National Household Survey and administrative data from State Statistics Bureaus, in order to estimate a Generalized Method of Moments-System dynamic panel model for poverty. Controlling for demographic composition, GSP (Gross State Product) agricultural share, GSP share to GNP (Gross National Product), educational attainment, unemployment rate, and land concentration, we focus on how pensions and inter-household transfers, as well as their interaction, affected the dynamics of poverty in the rural contemporary Brazil through an increase in the investment capacity of households. Our results show a significant and positive impact of both transfers on poverty dynamics, with scale dominance for the retirement income. Despite controls used, poverty persistence is still significant in contemporary rural Brazil, suggesting that both transfers, even when combined, are limited to fight the structural component of poverty.
Diffusion of Cd(II), Pb(II) and Zn(II) on calcium alginate beads
Authors: Kwiatkowska-Marks Sylwia , Miłek Justyna , Trawczyńska Ilona
Published: January 2020

Effective diffusion coefficients (De) for different heavy-metal salts: Cd, Pb, Zn in calcium alginate beads were determined. Their values depend on the metal type, anion from the metal salt, and the alginate content in the beads. The results of calculations indicate a decrease in the values of De, caused by an increase in the alginate content in the alginate sorbent beads. This is in agreement with the mechanism of the diffusion process taking place in porous carriers. Experimental data were found to be in good agreement with the mathematical model, as indicated by high values of the correlation coefficient.
Modification of activated carbons for application in adsorption cooling systems
Authors: Wolak Eliza , Vogt Elżbieta , Szczurowski Jakub
Published: January 2020

In this paper commercially available activated WD-extra carbon (Gryfskand) which is applied for water treatment was used. Activated carbon was modified by the following chemical agents: H2O2, HNO3 and HCl. Chemical modifications significantly affect the chemical, structural and surface properties of activated carbons. Hydrophobization with ethereal stearic acid was performed on the raw material and samples after chemical modification. Hydrophobic properties of the samples were specified. The relationship of the chemical modification agents with hydrophobization degree was indicated. The thermal effects of wetting by methanol was measured. The heat of wetting was calculated. The purpose of the work was to modify the WD carbon properties to obtain an adsorbent for cooling systems characterized by both good thermal capacity and moisture resistance. The modifying chemical substances applied accounted for an increase in the concentration of the acid functional groups. The hydrophobized and HCl-modified WD(HCl) carbon has the best hydrophobized properties. The results of studies describing such modifications allow to conclude that the use of hydrophobic materials may lead to the production of sorbents with new functions facilitating their storage and use.
Efficacity of Ventilator strategy in A.R.D.S (Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome).
Authors: Cani Alma , Gradica Fadil , Kokiçi Fahri , Agolli Loreta
Published: January 2020

Background: ARDS is defined as pulmonary inflammatory process characterized by increased capillary permeability associated with acute severe hypoxemia and bilateral  infiltrates on the chest radiograph. Chlinical manifestations of ARDS is associated with a reduction of  functional residual capacity and  static compliance of the respiratory system.Recently,after experimental models and physiological studies have just established the principles to understand  the potential beneficial effects  of PEEP and reduction in mortality to 22%. The benefit of PEEP has been demonstrated in terms of preventing cyclic opening and collapsing alveoli in acute respiratory distress syndrome patients (ARDS).

Aim of study: To determine  the appropriate PEEP level in-patients with ARDS.

Objective: By using optimal PEEP:to realize the maximal alveolar recruitment.To avoid the decrease of oxygen delivery (DO2) as result of an unfavourable reduction in cardiac output.

Material and methods:Retrospectiv study of 120 patients which only 63 of them are included in study with age 18-70 years old.(2012-2014 )  The entry criteria were clinically (severe dyspnoea, tachypnea, cyanosis); PaO2/FiO2 <200mmHG, the presence of bilateral chest infiltrates. The exclusion criteria were: aged < 18 yrs, COPD in history of diseases, heart attack; PEEP was set the level that provided the greatest improvement in oxygenation. The optimal PEEP came as a result of gradual increase of PEEP from 2-5 cmH2O every 6 hours, depended on gas analyses. The right PEEP level is the PEEP allowing the highest PaO2 value without causing hemodynamic compromise.

Results: During this study we conclude that the gradual increase of PEEP improves significantly arterial oxygen tension (PaO2). Per value of PEEP 9.6-15.8, CI 95% is 145.9-191.8. The  Pearson test  with a significant correlation coefficient of level 0.995 and significance level 0.000 shows also a very important result. It was considered significant statistically the value of P≤ 0.05.  Also  the value of Chi ² of PaO2 and of PEEP, has resulted significant in 0.950 with P < 0.001.

Conclusion: Mechanical ventilation using optimal PEEP increases the value of PaO2. As a matter of fact 88% of cases with PaO2 > 220 mmHg survive. The role of PEEP in clinical practice is still debated but, in selected categories of patients with a careful monitoring, it may play an important role in improving outcome.
Unconjugated Hyperbilirubinemia after Open Heart Surgery
Authors: Ibrahimi Alfred , Kuci Saimir , Bejko Ervin , Llazo Stavri , Neziraj Jehona , Zeitani Jacob , Prifti Edvin
Published: January 2020

The occurrence of hyperbilirubinaemia after heart surgery using cardiopulmonary bypass or post-operative heart failure is fairly common. Mechanism of hyperbilirubinemiais still not completely clarified, and there are so few specific therapies available for acute hepatobiliary injury. Post-operative mortality well correlates with increasing total bilirubin values, particularly for bilirubin-associate acute kidney tubular necrosis. The difficulty to reduce mortality is partially a consequence of not completely understood physiopathology. It is obvious that long-lasting CPB plays an important role, in association with hemodilution, hypotension, ischemia-reperfusion, and increasing hematic level of endogenous catecholamine with reduction of hepatic blood flow. Case report. A 68 years old man with severe mitral valve regurgitation and pulmonary hypertension and low EF 30%. Mitral valve replacement and tricuspid anuloplastic was performed. Due to low cardiac output syndrome severe hyperbilirubiemeia was seen (24 mg/dl. and unconjugated fraction 16mg/dl) days after. Phenobarbital (luminal) was started 15 mg/kg daily. Two days later the level decreased until 8 mg/dl with normalization of conjugation/unconjugation ratio.Postoperative hyperbilirubinemia is a multifactorial process caused by both impaired liver function of bilirubin transport. In case of elevated level of unconjugated fraction we suggest to use Luminal as alternative for decreasing unconjugated fraction.
Imaging Pregnant Patients in Different Acute Medical Non-Traumatic Emergencies. A Literature Review.
Authors: Tocilla Behar
Published: January 2020

Radiologists should suggest what kind of imaging is best suited for a pregnant patient presenting with an acute condition. The type of imaging study is planned in close consultation with the clinical team. Ultrasonography (US) should always be the initial modality for evaluation of a pregnant patient, especially in abdominal emergencies. In other conditions like suspected pulmonary embolism or neurological emergencies ultrasound doesn’t help, so using other diagnostic modalities like CT and MRI will be necessary. A recurring debate in many radiology practices is the concern of radiologists about performing an examination that exposes a fetus to radiation. This literature review aims to identify an optimal imaging strategy for the accurate detection of different acute medical non-traumatic emergencies in pregnant patients.
Some issues about smart cities and the application to Ho Chi Minh city
Authors: Van Sen Vo , Phuc Toan Vo
Published: January 2020

Nowadays, more than 55% of the world’s population lives in urban areas. In the time when humans are beings facing the pressure of population explosion and climate change, technology was a key to solve the problems of modern cities. Many models of cities have been chosen to develop cities in the world such as green cities, global cities, livable cities… Born from the 1990s and becoming more and more popular since 2010, smart cities have been the most chosen development model of cities in the world. And Barcelona, Seoul, Singapore were successful cases which transformed into smart cities. Similarly, as the largest economic hub of Viet Nam, Ho Chi Minh City encounters serious challenges of socio-economic transformations, climate change; thus, it needs a new growth model. In Nov. 2017, Ho Chi Minh City promulgated the plans for the transformation towards a smart city soon in the 2017-2020 period and with a vision to 2025. This paper aims to analyze issues about smart cities, lessons from prosperous cities in the process of building a smart city and of applying the lessons to the case of Ho Chi Minh City.
МАРКОВСЬКІ МОДЕЛІ ОЦІНЮВАННЯ ФУНКЦІОНАЛЬНОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ ПРОГРАМНО-ТЕХНІЧНИХ КОМПЛЕКСІВ НА САМОДІАГНОСТОВНИХ ПРОГРАМОВНИХ ПЛАТФОРМАХ З УРАХУВАННЯМ ПОМИЛОК ЗАСОБІВ КОНТРОЛЮ
Authors: Одарущенко Олег Миколайович , Одарущенко Олена Борисівна , Харченко Вячеслав Сергійович
Published: January 2020

Ensuring the safe operation of nuclear power plants remains one of the most important tasks. An important role in ensuring the safety of nuclear power plants is played by instrumentation and control systems (ICS). Extremely high demands are made on such systems, first of all, on their reliability and functional safety. The object of research and analysis in this work is the Nuclear Island I&C Instrumentation System and Reactor Protection System, which are developed based on programmable RadICS Platform with self-diagnostic. The failure trees of such platforms and ICS based on them were developed. In the next stage, several Markov models of redundant ICS are developed. The article aims to develop and analyze the results of research on Markov models for reliability and safety assessment of ICS based on self-checking programmable platforms. The models take into account errors of checking and diagnostic tools, namely errors associated with identifying failures and failures of the corresponding components of the hardware and software/FPGA and channels of redundant structures. Models have been developed for various options of redundant structures and taking into account the diversity principle for ISC structure and failure rate caused by design defects. Multiple-fragment Markov Models of ICS were also investigated. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that the proposed models take into account an expanded set of parameters of self-diagnosing programmable platforms, ICS, the processes of their use and maintenance. Recommendations on the selection of parameters and structural ICS are formulated.
Pemberdayaan Perangkat Desa Terampil Bermedia dalam Membangun Kesadaran dan Kepedulian Masyarakat terhadap Lingkungan di Desa Cikeruh Kecamatan Jatinangor Kabupaten Sumedang
Authors: Zubair Feliza , Bakti Iriana , Yustikasari Yustikasari
Published: January 2020

The Empowerment of Skilled-Media Village Officials in Building Public Awareness and Concern for the Environment in Cikeruh Village, Jatinangor District, Sumedang Regency

The village government staff is the spearhead of the village government duty whose job is to deliver and process various information relating to government programs, both central and regional government. In this digital era, almost all information flow is carried out through social media. For this reason, a skilled and capable village government staff is needed, especially in using and utilizing social media devices. Through social media, the village government able to socialize the government's relay program and other information to residents. The village service of Cikeruh village through media social has not run optimally. Therefore, training in managing social media, especially in the socialization of environmental hygiene issues, must be held. Universitas Padjadjaran is one of the higher education institutions holding the mandate of community service through education and research activities. This community service integrated with student work college was held in Cikeruh village, Jatinangor District, Sumedang Regency. The training method was lecture and discussion methods, as well as hands-on practice. Participants gained various knowledge related to message management and the use of social media, especially Facebook and Instagram. The results of the activity were the increasing of the knowing, attitudes, and behavior of participants in using Instagram and Facebook to increase effort in improving and restructuring the environment in Cikeruh Village.
Pelatihan Pencatatan Keuangan Sederhana untuk Menumbuhkan Kepedulian Menabung pada Anak-Anak Pesisir Dalam di Desa Bonde, Kecamatan Pamboang, Kabupaten Majene
Authors: Nurhidayah Nurhidayah , Dahlia Dahlia
Published: January 2020

Simple Financial Recording Training to Foster Savings Concern for Coastal Children in Bonde Village, Pamboang District, Majene Regency

This community service program was aimed to foster awareness and motivation to save early on and to understand the distinction between needs and desires through simple financial records. The training of the simple daily financial recording was carried out in the Meeting Room of Bonde Village Office. Mentoring was also carried out as a continuation of previous training through a simple financial recording module for daily transactions that are commonly carried out by children. The module was given when the training. The mentoring was carried out in one of the houses of Bonde Village residents in Tappa Banua Hamlet, which is a coastal area of ??Bonde Village. The results of the assessment from the training until the last day of mentoring showed that 70% of Bonde village children had understood the simple financial recording of daily transactions that are usually done by children, and they have started to save some of the allowance given by parents/guardians. Others have understood it but have not been motivated to save from an early age.
ANALISIS PERUMUSAN REKOMENDASI TIM ASSESMEN TERPADU DAN PENERIMAAN HAKIM BNN PROVINSI SUMATERA BARAT
Authors: WD Marryo Borry , Man Hardis , Susanti Rika
Published: January 2020

Penanganan tersangka penyalahguna narkotika masih menjadi permasalahan. Pemerintah mencoba membuat peraturan bersama yaitu membuat Tim Asesemen Terpadu dengan Badan Narkotika Nasional sebagai leading sector. Badan Narkotika Nasional Provinsi Sumatera Barat sejak tahun 2015 sampai dengan tahun 2018 telah  melaksanakan Asesmen terpadu. Dari 181 tersangka di berikan rekomendasi, 80 rekomendasi tidak di terima hakim. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengalisis faktor-faktor yang berperan dalam Penyebab Tidak di Terimanya Rekomendasi Tim Asesmen Terpadu Badan Narkotika Nasional Provinsi Sumatera Barat. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian kualitatif. Penelitian ini digunakan metode Framework Analysis. Objek dalam penelitian kualitatif adalah rekomendasi tim asesmen terpadu. Hasil penelitian ini pada sumber daya manusia didapatkan komposisi tim dokter belum terpenuhi, hakim kurang mengerti tentang proses asesmen terpadu. Pada sarana dan prasarana SOP yang masih belum terstruktur dan belum ada alat pemeriksaan tambahan. Pada proses pemeriksaan dilakukan kurang lengkap karena waktu pemeriksaan singkat, dan belum optimalnya monitoring
On the Logic of Being and Wigner's Astonishment Regarding the Applicability of Mathematics
Authors: Mullings Gordon E
Published: January 2020

The Nobel Prize winning Physicist, Eugene Wigner, famously posed a powerful challenge (1960) by asking why is mathematics so effective, especially in the physical sciences. It is possible that the reason for the effectiveness of mathematics is not because mathematics is in any way causative, but instead because mathematics studies the structure of logical possibility and constraint. When plugged into a possible world, mathematics gives us the tools to analyze the logically possible outcomes. Therefore, when a possible world that is expressed mathematically sufficiently aligns with reality, mathematics becomes effective at expressing relationships and outcomes.
How to Explain Behavior: Author Precis
Authors: Rakover Sam S
Published: January 2020

This is an author precis of the book How to Explain Behavior: A Critical Review and a New Approach by Sam S. Rakover (2018, Lexington). The precis has two sections. The first, basic methodological origin-points, treats the fundamental ideas and premises concerning explanation and understanding. The second section outlines the book's arrangement, and summarizes the content of each chapter.
Metodología estadística para la selección de talentos deportivos en estudiantes de 9 a 12 años: Un estudio de caso.
Authors: Flores Mancheno Ana Carola , Parra Chávez Marco Vinicio
Published: January 2020

La identificación de talentos deportivos se vuelve sumamente compleja cuando no se cuenta con una metodología estadística que respalde la selección de los potenciales talentos sobre todo edades tempranas. Esta investigación establece una normativa de selección de talentos basada en las capacidades motrices innatas en estudiantes de 9 a 12 años que no han sido sometidos a una preparación específica. La normativa se generó a través de la aplicación de un test de control en una muestra de 1398 estudiantes de la ciudad de Riobamba. La evaluación a los estudiantes que poseen mayor potencial, permitió la identificación de 370 sujetos que se destacan con ciertas condiciones para ser iniciados en el entrenamiento deportivo, tomando en cuenta que por sus características pueden aplicar a más de una disciplina.
A novel formulation of Folic acid gel in the treatment of Desquamative Gingivitis
Authors: Khan Saif , Rahman Syed Ziaur
Published: January 2020

Abstract not available

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.19(2) 2020 p.187-188
Considerations for Rice (Oryzasativa) Fortification with Essential Micronutrients in Public Health Intervention
Authors: Giasuddin ASM , Jhuma Khadija Akther , Hossain Md Sabir , Haq AM Mujibul
Published: January 2020

Background and Rationale: Fortification of staple foods and commonly used condiments with vitamins and minerals has been considered one of the most cost-effective interventions to prevent and control micronutrient deficiencies. Because of its wide local consumption, acceptability, reach, and quantum of consumption, rice (Oryzasativa) far exceeds the requirements of a staple food vehicle that can be considered for fortification purposes at a population-level intervention. The World Health Organization (WHO) has the mandate to develop evidenceinformed guidelines for the fortification of staple foods as a public health intervention, including rice fortification with micronutrients. The WHO, in collaboration with the Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition (GAIN), convened a consultation on “Technical Considerations for Rice Fortification in Public Health” in Geneva, Switzerland in 2012 to provide technical inputs to the guideline development process, particularly with reference to feasibility and implementability.

Conclusion: The industrial and regulatory technical considerations in rice fortification, as well as the considerations for implementing it as a public health strategy and assuring equitable access and universal coverage and priority research areas for the forthcoming years were reviewed in this article based on WHO consultation

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.19(2) 2020 p.189-193
The Protective Effect of Azelnidipine for the Prevention of Heart Fibrosis Occurrence on Balb/c Mice with Iron Overload
Authors: Sarosa Hadi , Bahrudin Udin , Soemantri Ag , Muis Siti Fatimah , Arfian Nur , Hisatome Ichiro
Published: January 2020

Background: Iron overload can cause DNA oxidation which increase TGF β1, type 1 fibrilarprotein and myocardium fibrosis. Myocardium fibrosis is the main cause of death on the state of iron overload. The iron influx towards the cell during iron overload is still unknown, some research suggested LTCC acts as iron influx. This research aims to investigate the role of azelnidipine as type L calcium channel blocker, lowering TGF β1, collagen and myocardium fibrosis.

Method: The research subjects consisted of 25 male Balb-C mice(8 weeks, 30-40mg) divided into 5 groups. Group 1 (NaCl+S) 0,3 cc Na Cl 0,9% (I.P) and drug solvent (Aquabidest, CMC and Nipagin) orally. Group 2Fe+S) 0.3 cc 1,5 mg Fe+sucrose (Venofer®) (I.P) and drug solvent (Aquabidest, CMC and Nipagin) orally. Group 3 (Fe+Dfx) 1,5 mg Fe+sucrose (Venofer®) (I.P) and deferasirox 20 mg/kg body weight/day orally, group 4 (Fe+Azl) 1,5 mg Fe+sucrose (Venofer®) (I.P) and azelnidipine 14 mg/day orally and group 5 (Fe+Dfx-Azl) 1,5 mg Fe+sucrose (Venofer®) (I.P) and mixture of deferasirox 20 mg/kg body weight/day and azelnidipine 14 mg/day orally. Fe-sucorse was diluted with NaCl 0.9 %. Intraperitoneal injection were administered intermittently for 60 days of treatment.

Result: The highest Expression of TGF β, collagen I and fibrosis area fractions are in group Fe+S. The result of Post Hoc test between 2 treatment groups indicated that there were no difference in TGF β expression between groups NaCl+S with Fe+Dfx (P>0.05) , Fe+Dzl (P>0.05). There are no significant in collagen expression between groups NaCl+S with Fe+Dfx (P > 0.05) ,Fe+Dzl (P>0.05).

Conclusion: Azelnidipine, LTCC have roles on the influx of iron into the myocardium, lowering TGF β, collagen Iexpressionsand myocardium fibrosis.

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.19(2) 2020 p.223-228