bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lenguaje, coraje y utopía: comentario y discusión de las lecturas contemporáneas de Plato und die Dichter de Gadamer
Authors: Bey Facundo Norberto
Published: October 2020

En 1934 Gadamer pronunció la conferencia Plato und die Dichter,cuyo tema central era la relación entre poesía, filosofía y política en el pensamiento platónico. Allí desarrolló una original investigación fenomenológica sobre la filosofía ético-política de Platón y el lugar que el arte ocupaba en ella, en la que la dimensión del lenguaje y el significado de la utopía son estructurales para sus argumentaciones. El presente artículo se propone, en primer lugar, elucidar algunos aspectos de la dimensión política de Plato und die Dichter. Para ello, se realizará una revisión crítica de las lecturas contemporáneas de estos aspectos por parte de Donatella Di Cesare y Dennis Schmidt. En las conclusiones, tras analizar brevemente en el tercer apartado la relación entre phrónēsis, aretḗ y andreía en los diálogos platónicos, intentaré demostrar cómo estas nociones alumbran la cuestión de la seducción del poder (descuidada por Schmidt en su lectura del Platón gadameriano), así como la inseparabilidad de este problema con respecto a la concepción dialéctica de la utopía. A partir de esto último se sugerirá que es posible, a partir y más allá de la lectura gadameriana de Platón, repensar la idea de “desobediencia civil” y el valor político del mito desde el punto de vista de la utopía.
La aserción dialógica como unidad mínima de conocimiento
Authors: López-Orellana Rodrigo , Redmond Juan
Published: October 2020

El objetivo del presente artículo es proponer la noción deCaserción dialógica como unidad mínima de conocimiento dentro del enfoque del pragmatismo dialógico. Defendemos que esta unidad mínima es el diálogo para la tesis p, acompañada de su juego interactivo y dinámico de dar y pedir razones (nivel dialógico de partida) para una estrategia ganadora del proponente. Exploramos entonces el problema a partir del marco semántico propuesto por Shahid Rahman para presentar una definición dialógica del concepto. Además, con ello mostramos cómo la noción de proposición deja de ser el concepto lógico primordial y es reemplazado por la noción de aserción como acto dentro del proceso del juego de un diálogo y siguiendo las ideas principales de Brandom (1994, 2000) y Martin-Löf (1984). Este enfoque pragmático de la lógica abandona la idea de que la proposición es la unidad lógica mínima de conocimiento verdadero.
Tiempo y libertad. Sobre la interpretación heideggeriana de la noción kantiana de “fin en sí”
Authors: López López Alberto
Published: October 2020

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo general mostrar cómo ciertas estructuras fundamentales descritas en SuZ resultan de una reformulación de conceptos presentes en la filosofía práctica de Kant. Para el cumplimiento de este objetivo se toma como hilo conductor la interpretación heideggeriana de la noción kantiana de fin en sí y se expone en qué sentido Heidegger realiza una apropiación de ésta en su planteamiento. Finalmente, en las conclusiones exponemos cómo podrían ser leídos desde la filosofía práctica de Kant los rasgos estructurales del ser del Dasein que la argumentación anterior circunscribe en relación con la apropiación heideggeriana de la noción kantiana mencionada.
IMIDAZOL E CATÁLISE: UM PAR PERFEITO
Authors: Silva Valmir , Orth Elisa
Published: October 2020

IMIDAZOLE AND CATALYSIS: A PERFFECT MATCH. The imidazole (IMZ) ring presents several chemical properties that turns it into a versatile acid-basic/nucleophilic catalyst. The discovery of the biological properties of histidine (amino acid with IMZ ring) instigates the study of this class of compounds. It is found in nature in several enzymes such as chymotrypsin and RNAses due to these properties. This review is focused on the catalytic role of IMZ towards the cleavage of acyl and phosphate esters and is structured in the following topics: chemical properties, biological catalysis (RNAses, phosphohistidines, chymotrypsin), intermolecular and intramolecular catalytic models and polymer and nanomaterials-based catalysts. Besides we discuss some properties such as tautomerism, stability, basicity and spectroscopic behavior, correlating with its reactivity in deacylation and dephosphorylation reactions. The main reaction mechanisms and kinetics promoted by IMZ as an acid, basic and nucleophilic catalysts are explored showing some examples. In addition, the importance of IMZ in enzymatic sites and their mechanisms and further combining properties of IMZ with some materials such as (bio)polymers, graphene, and cyclodextrines are covered. In this sense, with the wide IMZ data presented here, we are evidencing the perfect match between IMZ and catalysis.
Efectos ambientales de las plantaciones de eucaliptos en Euskadi y la península ibérica
Authors: Elosegi Arturo , Cabido Carlos , Larrañaga Aitor , Arizaga Juan
Published: October 2020

Las plantaciones de eucalipto (género Eucalyptus) tienen una amplia distribución a escala global y causan preocupación por los efectos que pueden ocasionar sobre el medio ambiente. En este trabajo revisamos la evolución de la superficie cubierta por los eucaliptos en Euskadi y evaluamos sus efectos ambientales a partir de la bibliografía científica existente sobre esta región y sobre la península ibérica. Entre 1986 y 2019, la superficie de plantaciones de eucaliptos se ha cuadruplicado, pasando de 4.866 a 19.643 ha, proceso este que está acelerándose a causa de la plaga de la banda marrón del pino. Los estudios publicados muestran de manera sistemática que las plantaciones de eucaliptos en Euskadi y el resto de la Península tienen un efecto medioambiental negativo si se compara con las plantaciones de pino y, especialmente, con los bosques nativos. Las plantaciones de eucalipto modifican las características del suelo y disminuyen la biodiversidad. Entre los organismos más afectados se encuentran los hongos, líquenes, plantas herbáceas, anfibios, aves e invertebrados acuáticos. También se detectan alteraciones en el funcionamiento del ecosistema, en procesos como la descomposición de hojarasca. Aunque algunas afecciones parecen ser consecuencia de la intensidad con la que se explotan estas plantaciones y podrían reducirse mediante medidas correctoras, otros efectos parecen guardar relación con las características intrínsecas del eucalipto que, en consecuencia, no pueden modificarse.Es previsible que la magnitud de los impactos se agrave conforme se incremente la superficie cubierta por eucaliptales así como el número de rotaciones en sus explotaciones.
University centers of human geography research in Russia: scientometric analysis
Authors:   Kursk State University, Popkova Lyudmila I. , Kazakov Stanislav G. ,   Kursk State University, Stepanov Maxim A. ,   Kursk State University
Published: October 2020

The paper analyzes the publication activity of the teaching staff of the geographical departments of Russian universities which specialize in economic, social, political and recreational geography over the past decade. The aim of this work was to find out the peculiarities of territorial differentiation of publication activity of Russian universities’ staff. We analyzed more than 25 thousand scientific publications indexed by scientometric databases RSCI and Scopus. The authors of these publications were full-time employees of 46 Russian universities. It was determined that significant differences in the publication activity between universities are connected with the presence of traditional scientific schools and are weakly dependent on both the number of the department employees and the status and material base of the university. The hypothesis that the correlation between the "specialization" of scientists in physical or human geography depends on the level of development and natural features of the region was not confirmed. Of all the areas of human geography, the least developed and popular was political geography. A fairly low publication activity of human geographers working at universities was noted. On average, each staff member of the studied universities wrote only 7 articles on human geography for the period from 2010 to 2019 (less than 1 paper per year).
Soil salinization processes in the impact zone of mineralized water discharge by the case study in the Yaroslavl Volga region, Russia
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Simonova Yulia V. , Rusakov Alexey V. ,   St. Petersburg State University, Korkina Elena A. ,   Nizhnevartovsk State University
Published: October 2020

Humid conditions do not encourage the formation of salt-affected soils enhancing leaching salts out of soil profiles. Nevertheless, the occurrence of salt-affected soils under humid climate is evident as a result from another factors but not the climatic one. Soil salinity in these landscapes is caused by anthropogenic salinization. The objective of this study was to identify types of chemical composition and salinity level of soils forming within the impact zone of artesian water discharge. This paper also provides determining the degree of contrast to adjacent non-saline soils and salt contamination boundaries. Soil and water samples were collected from three sites located in the Yaroslavl’ region, the Upper Volga. Sampling was released in June 2017. In the Upper Volga region high-mineralized water rises from saline aquifers via abandoned exploration wells drilled in the 1960s. These soils are found under an average annual rainfall of about 500-700 mm in taiga zone. This type of climate and vegetation cover normally should lead to the formation of Albic Retisols. Saline waters affecting soils are dominantly Na-Cl or Ca-Na-Cl-SO4 brines. Total dissolved solids in the saline waters range from 10000 to 259500 mg·L-1. Salt-affected soils have from low to high salinity (0,1-0,8%) but salt content does not exceed 1%. In the study areas maximum of salinity in the soils investigated was fixed near the water table or was associated with lithic discontinuity or abrupt textural change. Salt leaching from the upper horizons prevails in the course of annual cycle and that is what differs them from hydromorphic saline soils formed in arid climate. Field electrical surveys of salinity indicated the local zones of salinization. The salinization phenomenon in humid climate is not of the main pedogenic processes but the additional process. The upper horizons of salt-affected soils tend to have similar morphological features to zonal and intrazonal soils. The salt-affected soils studied were classified according to WRB as Orthofluvic Fluvisol (Humic, Loamic, Endosalic, Technic), Orthofluvic Gleyic Fluvisol (Humic, Siltic, Endosalic, Raptic), Amphistagnic Albic Retisol (Siltic, Anoaric, Cutanic, Endosalic), Albic Retisol (Siltic, Anoaric, Cutanic, Endosalic, Raptic).
Strong Ulakhan-Chistay earthquake (Ms=5.7) January 20, 2013 in the zone of influence Ulakhan fault system in North East Russia
Authors:   Institute of the Earth's Crust SB RAS, Imaev Valery S. , Imaeva Lyudmila P. ,   Institute of the Earth's Crust SB RAS, Koz'min Boris M. ,   Institute of Geology of Diamond and Precious Metals SB RAS
Published: October 2020

The results of the interpretation of seismological, geologic–structural, seismotectonic and macroseismic data obtained for the focal zone of the strong Ulakhan-Chistay earthquake (Ms=5.7), which occurred January 20, 2013 in the Chersky seismotectonic zone , on the Eurasia-North America lithospheric plates boundary, are presented. The shock occurred in the zone of a large Ulakhan fault, which is visible in satellite images and can be seen in the topography between the Indigirka and Kolyma Rivers at a distance of 1,500 km. Statistics of seismic observations in the last century and at the beginning of this century show that in the zone of influence of the Ulakhan fault within the crust (~ 35 km thick) at a depth of 7-30 km, more than 14 thousand local events were noted. The epicentral intensity of more than ten of them reached 6–8 on the Russian scale (MSK-64). In addition to high seismicity, additional geodynamic indicators of the reactivation of the Ulakhan fault in modern time were identified, in particular, high heat flux, icing processes, paleo-and modern seismic dislocations, etc.The macro effects of this event on an area of 300 thousand square kilometers were studied in three Arctic regions of Yakutia and in the south of the Magadan region and its epicenter is located by the proximity to the well-preserved paleoseismodislocation Uryun – Takh – Takh, which arose more than a thousand years ago and is clearly visible in the search sistem of Google. As a result, a structural-dynamic model of the Ulakhan fault zone is proposed, explaining the occurrence of the Ulakhan – Chistay earthquake on the basis of the kinematic scheme of the Omulevsky block, which is undergoing extrusion by a collision between the Eurasian and North American lithospheric plates in Northeast Asia.
Contextualism and closure
Authors:   Lewis and Clark College, Smith Nicholas D.
Published: October 2020

Skepticism confronts us with a paradox (sometimes known as “the skeptical trilemma”), a version of which follows: (1) I know that I am working on a computer right now; (2) I know that knowing that I am working on a computer right now logically implies that I am not being deceived or manipulated in the way that skeptical hypotheses imagine. (This implication is called “closure under known logical implication”); (3) I do not or cannot know that I am not being deceived or manipulated in the way skeptical hypotheses imagine. The paradox of skepticism is that these three statements are logically incompatible. A relatively new movement in epistemology called contextualism proposes that we can accept all three of the claims in the trilemma, by recognizing that they are not all true within the same epistemic context. Briefly, contextualists claim that we can know in ordinary contexts, but cannot know that we are not being deceived or manipulated in a skeptical scenario, but the latter fact is true in a different epistemic context than the ordinary knowledge that we might have. Closure under known logical implication will remain true, but only insofar as the implications involved are alternatives that belong to the same epistemic context as the original knowledge claim. In this paper, I claim that contextualism’s account of how epistemological contexts change, together with its acceptance of closure, is implausible.
Risk of power — power of risk
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Strebkov Alexander I. , Musaev Abdurashid I. ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: October 2020

The article is dedicated to the risk of power and power of risk analysis, definitions of risk and substantiation of its objective nature, which is determined by the system of ruling social relations. Criticism is presented of Luhmann’s and Beck’s views, which ignore the objective nature of risk and its definitions. The risk of power and power of risk are concepts that reflect the different summation of connections and relations, where risk acts as a means for maintaining a dominant relationship. Objectivity of risk stems from the fact that the prevailing relationship is not a product of independent initiatives by people, but it is a result of relations mediated by items and things in which the mediator transforms itself from an ordinary “panderer” into absolute power of influence over an individual. The mediator becomes objective power, in other words, subjectless power which eventually submits to human will and substantiates power-wielding actions and power-wielding decisions, which aspire to the subjectless power’s pole and is at risk for losing power. While rotating between subjectless power and the individual, the repulsion force from individuals’ interests surpasses the force of attraction towards them. Risk, being woven into dominant relations, separates into independent being as a means of preserving these relations, in the form of negating the positive prospects of individual being, shifting social risks onto the shoulders of individuals, and turning them into subjective risks whereby the individual bears fully responsibility when making wrong decisions. Metamorphoses of the reduction of objective risks, inherent in society, into subjective and individual risks and the reduction of individual risks into objective and public risks, through a complex system of relations and interdependencies, end in conflict. Within conflict, risk is objectified in actions, which demolish the opposition of negative prospects. Conflict asserts a relations’ system in which risk weakens and fades.
Efficient solar heterogeneous photocatalytic degradation of metronidazole using heterojunction semiconductors hybrid nanocomposite, layered double hydroxides
Authors: Aoudjit Farid , Touahra Fouzia , Aoudjit Lamine , Cherifi Ouiza , Halliche Djamilla
Published: October 2020

This study focuses on the synthesis of various nanocomposites with heterojunction structures, MgAl-LDH (LDH = layered double hydroxides) hybrid with semiconductor such as MoO3 and CuO. These solids were synthesized by co-precipitation method at constant pH and have been characterized extensively using atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and transmission electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray (TEM-EDX) methods. The catalytic activity of nanocomposites was tested in the photocatalytic degradation under solar irradiation of emerging pollutants as the pharmaceutical metronidazole (MNZ). The experimental parameters, including initial MNZ concentration, the nature of oxide incorporate in the photocatalyst, catalyst loading were explored. All the synthesized samples showed high photocatalytic performances; the highest photocatalysis efficiency was achieved with the photocatalyst dose 1.5 g/L and initial MNZ concentration of 10 mg/L at neutral pH. The photocatalytic experimental results were fitted very well to the Langmuir-Hinshelwood model. From the obtained results the calcined LDH/semiconductors could be efficient for the photocatalytic process under solar irradiation of pharmaceuticals and may contribute in environmental remediation.
Meme İçinde Meme” mi? Meme Hamartomlarının Radyolojik Özellikleri
Authors: DENİZ Muhammed Akif , TAŞ DENİZ Zelal , ASLAN Aydın , TURMAK Mehmet , ÇAKIR Çağlayan
Published: October 2020

Amaç: Bu çalışmada benign lezyonlar olan meme hamartomlarının (MH) radyolojik görüntüleme özelliklerini ele almak ve hamartom lezyonlarının tanınabilirliğini vurgulayarak gereksiz tetkik ve biyopsilerin azaltılmasına katkıda bulunmak amaçlanmıştır.

Gereç ve Yöntemler: Ocak 2014—Temmuz 2019 döneminde Dicle Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi radyoloji kliniğimizde MH tanısı almış olan toplam 33 (32 kadın, 1 erkek) hastanın mamografi (MG), ultrason (US) ve manyetik rezonans görüntüleme (MRG) görüntüleri retrospektif olarak incelendi. Altı hastanın MG, US ve MRG, 21 hastanın MG ve US, 6 hastanın ise sadece MRG görüntüleri mevcuttu. Erkek hasta için MG ve US görüntüleri mevcuttu.

Bulgular: Ortalama hasta yaşı 48,5 (28–74) yıldı. Ortalama kitle boyutu 3,4 (1,5–12) cm idi. En büyük kitle jinekomasti ön tanısı ile kabul edilen erkek hastada olup sol memeyi tamamen kaplamıştı. Lezyonlar 20 hastada sağ, diğer 13 hastada sol meme yerleşimliydi. MRG görüntüleri incelendiğinde postkontrast görüntülerde lezyonların tamamında periferal ağırlıklı heterojen kontrastlanma mevcutken kontrastlı serilerde 10 hastada tip 1, 2 hastada tip 2 kinetik eğri mevcuttu. Hiçbir hastada tip 3 kinetik eğri saptanmadı. Normal meme dokusu görünür difüzyon katsayısı (GDK) değeri ile hamartom GDK değeri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulunmadı (p>0,5).

Tartışma ve Sonuç: Benign lezyonlar olan MH’ler radyolojik incelemelerde memeye benzer özellikte küçük nodüler lezyonlar şeklinde izlenirler ve bu özellikleriyle “meme içinde meme” görünümü verdiklerinden kolaylıkla tanınabilirler.
Unprecedented Role of the N73-F124 Pair in the Staphylococcus equorum MnSOD Activity
Authors: Retnoningrum Debbie S. , Yoshida Hiromi , Razani Muthia D. , Meidianto Vincencius F. , Hartanto Andrian , Artarini Anita , Ismaya Wangsa T.
Published: October 2020

Background::

Bacterial manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) occurs as a dimer,
which is responsible for its activity and stability. Therefore, increasing the dimeric strength would increase
the stability of the enzyme while maintaining its activity.

Objective::

An N73F substitution was introduced to strengthen interactions between the monomers at
the dimer interface. This substitution would introduce a π-stacking interaction between F73 of one
monomer to F124 from the other monomers.

Methods:

Site-directed mutagenesis was carried out to substitute N73 with phenylalanine. The activity
of the mutant was qualitative- and quantitatively checked while the stability was evaluated with a fluorescence-
based thermal-shift assay. Finally, the structure of the mutant was elucidated by means of Xray
crystallography.

Results::

The N73F mutant activity was only ~40% of the wild type. The N73F mutant showed one TM
at 60+1°C while the wild type has two (at 52-55°C and 63-67°C). The crystal structure of the mutant
showed the interactions between F73 from one monomer to F124 from the other monomer. The N73F
structure presents an enigma because of no change in the enzyme structure including the active site.
Furthermore, N73 and F124 position and interaction are conserved in human MnSOD but with a different
location in the amino acid sequence. N73 has a role in the enzyme activity, likely related to its interaction
with F124, which resides in the active site region but has not been considered to participate in
the reaction.

Conclusion::

The N73F substitution has revealed the unprecedented role of the N73-F124 pair in the
enzyme activity.
Enhanced Oral Absorption of All-trans Retinoic Acid upon Encapsulation in Solid Lipid Nanoparticles
Authors: Kumar Manoj , Sharma Garima , Singla Dinesh , Singh Sukhjeet , Kakkar Vandita , Gulati Jaspreet S. , Kaur Indu P.
Published: October 2020

Background::

All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) is widely employed in the treatment of
various proliferative and inflammatory diseases. However, its therapeutic efficacy is imperiled
due to its poor solubility and stability. Latter was surmounted by its incorporation into a solid
matrix of lipidic nanoparticles (SLNs).

Methods::

ATRA loaded SLNs (ATRA-SLNs) were prepared using a novel microemulsification
technique (USPTO 9907758) and an optimal composition and were characterized in terms of
morphology, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and powder X-ray diffraction studies
(PXRD). In vitro release, oral plasma pharmacokinetics (in rats) and stability studies were also
done.

Results::

Rod-shaped ATRA-SLNs could successfully incorporate 3.7 mg/mL of ATRA, increasing
its solubility (from 4.7 μg/mL) by 787 times, having an average particle size of
131.30 ± 5.0 nm and polydispersibility of 0.283. PXRD, DSC, and FTIR studies confirmed the
formation of SLNs. Assay/total drug content and entrapment efficiency of ATRA-SLNs was
92.50 ± 2.10% and 84.60 ± 3.20% (n=6), respectively, which was maintained even on storage
for one year under refrigerated conditions as an aqueous dispersion. In vitro release in 0.01 M
phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) with 3% tween 80 was extended 12 times from 2h for free ATRA to
24 h for ATRA-SLNs depicting Korsmeyer Peppas release. Oral administration in rats showed
35.03 times enhanced bioavailability for ATRA-SLNs.

Conclusion::

Present work reports preparation and evaluation of bioenhanced ATRA-SLNs containing
a high concentration of ATRA (>15 times than that reported by others). Latter is attributed
to the novel preparation process and intelligent selection of components.

Lay Summary:

All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) shows an array of pharmacological activities
but its efficacy is limited due to poor solubility, stability and side effects. In present study its
solubility and efficacy is improved by 787 and 35.5 times, respectively upon incorporation into
solid lipid nanoparticles (ATRA-SLNs). Latter extended its release by 12 times and provided
stability for at least a year under refrigeration. A controlled and sustained release will reduce
dose related side effects. ATRA-SLNs reported presently can thus be used in treatment
/prophylaxis of disorders like cancers, tuberculosis, age related macular degeneration and acne
and as an immune-booster.
Tacit Knowledge Taxonomy and Transfer: Case-Based Research
Authors: Dinur Adva
Published: October 2020

Tacit organizational knowledge is intangible, implicit, and profoundly attached to people (Spender, 2003). While highly complex, it is also a driving force of organizational performance, and its transfer crucial in capitalizing on existing resources (Cross & Baird, 2000). Spender (1998) suggested that tacit knowledge may represent an alternative system of organizational knowledge, and this author investigated this notion. This research is built upon empirical evidence from six knowledge transfer case studies so as to examine tacit knowledge and provide insight into what makes it tacit. Nine distinct, however not mutually exclusive types of tacit knowledge were identified through this research: Skill, Cause-effect, Cognitive, Composite, Cultural, Unlearning, Taboo, Human, and Emotional. Each type can be discerned with its unique set of elements that is essentially responsible for it being tacit, or subjective. In addition, the relationship between the problematic nature of knowledge and its transferability is explored. Various knowledge transfer channels are examined for their richness. Results indicated that no transfer channel was rich independently of the knowledge it transfers, and that all effective channels involved an active ‘pull’ of the knowledge by its recipient.
DO DIFFERENT DISCUSSION ACTIVITIES IN DEVELOPING SCIENTIFIC ARGUMENTATION AFFECT STUDENTS’ MOTIVATION IN CHEMISTRY?
Authors: Rahayu Sri , Bambut Klaudia E.N , Fajaroh Fauziatul
Published: October 2020

Argumentation has an influence on students’ cognitive skills as well as learning motivation through the increase in confidence, science, and social activities. Argumentation skills can be trained through different patterns of discussion — cooperative and collaborative. This study aimed to reveal the learning motivation of students who enacted their argumentation skills using Argument-Driven Inquiry (ADI) with cooperative and collaborative discussions. The research design was a case study that engaged 95 Grade 11 students who were learning the chemical equilibrium topic. The research instrument employed was the ARCS motivation questionnaire that consisted of four aspects, namely attention, confidence, relevance, and satisfaction. The quantitative data were collected from the ARCS questionnaire and the qualitative data were collected from classroom observation, interview, and students’ discussion process. The data were analyzed using designed criteria and percentages, and were described qualitatively. The study found that students who learn chemistry through cooperative-ADI gain a high average motivation. For each aspect of motivation, the majority of students in the cooperative-ADI discussion show a higher level of motivation compared to students’ level in the collaborative-ADI discussion. The study has implications on how to design a discussion group in terms of motivation.
The effectiveness of family welfare movement program in slums
Authors: Kuswardinah Asih
Published: October 2020

This ex-post-facto research aims to: ¹⁾ describe the implementation of Family Welfare Movement Program (PKK) in slums, as well as responses to the assessment of PKK members regarding the effectiveness of 10 PKK programs implementation; ²⁾ identify skills PKK members are interested in as additional capital to improve income. The research took location at Deliksari Village, a new developing area in Semarang. The total respondents are 58 people determined by purposive sampling. The data collection tool is questions with multiple answers corroborated by the results of in-depth interviews with management, some members and field observations. The study found: ¹⁾ the achievement of program implementation percentage included:  ͣ⁾ the average achievement of workgroup I is 16.58 in high category; ᵇ⁾ the average achievement of workgroup II is 15.03 in medium category; ᶜ⁾ the average achievement of workgroup III is 22.12 in medium category, ᵈ⁾ the average achievement of workgroup IV is 29.96 in medium category; ᵉ⁾ the average achievement of workgroup I to IV is 84.48 in medium category; ²⁾ the highest percentage is from residents choosing “baking cookies” skill (63.79 percent). The research conclusion stipulates: ¹⁾ the members routine implementing programs of each workgroup should be routinely monitored by the management of relevant workgroups, then the management strives for facilities and infrastructure for cake making activities; ²⁾ the management encourages members to develop "communication" intensely to implement messages; ³⁾ PKK chairman periodically, formally and informally, motivates the workroup leaders to focus on monitoring and reminding members to implement program messages.
Mantle Xenoliths from Ibal-Oku (Oku massif, North-west Region, Cameroon): Imprints of Superimposed Carbonatitic and Silicic Metasomatisms
Authors: Tedonkenfack Sylvin S. T. , Tamen Jules , Nkouathio David G. , Aziwo Bertrand T. , Mulimbi Kagarabi P. , Kimoun Yangouo F. , Ziada Tabengo M. , Djukem Sylvie N. F.
Published: October 2020

Mantle xenoliths have been discovered in Ibal-Oku basalts from Oku Massif, Cameroon Volcanic Line. These xenoliths analyzed in term of major elements by scanning electron microscope, atomic emission spectrometry, traces and rare earth elements by mass spectrometry are peridotites and pyroxenites. Peridotites comprise Fe-rich lherzolites, harzburgites and wehrlites. Pyroxenites comprise websterites, olivine-websterites, clinopyroxenites and olivine-clinopyroxenites. Mineralogically, olivine Fo% values and NiO content vary from 85 to 91 and 0.26 to 0.43 wt.%, respectively. Orthopyroxene is enstatite, Mg# values and Al content ranging from 0.83 to 0.92 and 0.12 to 0.27 atom per formula unit (apfu), respectively. Clinopyroxene is augite and diopside, Mg# values and Al content ranging from 0.83 to 0.93 and 0.23 to 0.37 apfu, respectively. Spinel is aluminous, Cr# and Mg# values ranging from 0.07 to 0.23 and 0.67 to 0.82, respectively. Micas are biotites (Fe#: 0.52-0.76). Feldspars, which are secondary are sanidine, andesine and labradorite. Geochemically, peridotite Mg# values vary from 82.7 to 89.9 and pyroxenites from 80.1 to 83.6. The major element variations and some compatible elements are described in terms of partial melting (14-15 vol.% in lherzolites and 17-18 vol.% in harzburgites), whereas the heterogeneities in trace elements are related to carbonatitic/silicic metasomatism.
EFEK MODERASI RELIGIUSITAS INTRINSIK, GENDER DAN USIA PADA PENGARUH LOVE OF MONEY TERHADAP TAX EVASION
Authors: Silmi Silmi , Tanno Aries , Firdaus Firdaus
Published: October 2020

This study aims to examine the effect moderation of intrinsic religiosity, gender and age on influence love of money to tax evasion. Source data of this study is the primary data from online questionnaire shared in electronic by google form. The sample of this study is taxpayers of individual non employee that do business and freelance that registered at the Tax Service Office (TSO) Pratama Bukittinggi city as much as 85 respondents. Data analysis techniques using SEM model with Warp Partial Least Square (PLS) computer program version 6.0. The result of this study show that love of money had a positive effect on the tax evasion. Besides that, intrinsic religiosity variable as moderation variable weaken the influence love of money to tax evasion, while the gender and age variable strengthen the influence love of money to tax evasion. Moderation of male gender is bigger than moderation of female gender in moderate the influence love of money to tax evasion and moderation of young age is bigger than moderation of old age  in moderate the influence love of money to tax evasion.
Analytical calculation of deformations of a truss for a long span covering
Authors: Kirsanov Mikhail N.
Published: October 2020

Introduction. The method of induction based on the number of panels is employed to derive formulas designated for deflection of a square in plan hinged rod structure, which has supports on its sides and which consists of individual pyramidal rod elements. The truss is statically determinable and symmetrical. Some features of the solution are identified on the curves constructed according to derived formulas.

Materials and methods. The analysis of forces arising in the rods of the covering is performed symbolically using the method of joint isolation and operators of the Maple symbolic math engine. The deflection in the centre of the covering is found by the Maxwell–Mohr’s formula. The rigidity of truss rods is assumed to be the same. The analysis of a sequence of analytical calculations of trusses, having different numbers of panels, is employed to identify coefficients, designated for deflection and reaction at the supports, in the final design formula. The induction method is employed for this purpose. Common members of sequences of coefficients are derived from the solution of linear recurrence equations made using Maple operators.

Results. Solutions, obtained for three types of loads, are polynomial in terms of the number of panels. To illustrate the solutions and their qualitative analysis, curves describing the dependence of deflection on the number of panels are made. The author identified the quadratic asymptotics of the solution with respect to the number of panels. The quadratic asymptotics is linear in height.

Conclusions. Formulas are obtained for calculating deflection and reactions of covering supports having an arbitrary number of panels and dimensions if exposed to three types of loads. The presence of extremum points on solution curves is shown. The dependences, identified by the author, are designated both for evaluating the accuracy of numerical solutions and for solving problems of structural optimization in terms of rigidity.
Technology of self-healing road pavements: current status and development prospects
Authors: Inozemtcev Sergei S. , Do Toan Trong
Published: October 2020

Introduction. Presently, there exists no unified methodology that could control self-healing properties of materials due to the lack of criteria characterizing the ability of materials to respond to impacts and to cope with adverse effects produced on their properties or structure. All assessment methods applied to self-healing properties of materials are reduced to the calculation of the ratio of relative changes in the value of parameters to be measured. A “self-healing” material is a material capable of initiating liquidation of structural defects, so that the rate of this process could exceed the one of spontaneous propagation of defects, while the resistance of the new structure to operating loads is not lower than the initial one. Development of solutions, capable of implementing this principle, will ensure longer service lives of materials.

Materials and methods. A set of general methods of logical research was applied. These methods are based on the theoretical analysis of process solutions presented in professional editions, information resources maintained by their developers and in mass media, patents, research articles and reports.

Results. The self-healing technology is applicable to asphalt concrete with regard for its structural features and thermoplastic properties. Self-healing means restoration of the structural integrity of physical and chemical bonds by moistening crack surfaces, diffusion of molecules between them, and arbitrary dissipation of molecules to ensure reinforcement. Self-healing process uniformity is attainable by applying the technology of functional agent encapsulation so that it could be added to the mix along with other components at the stage of the asphalt concrete mix preparation.

Conclusions. Existing technological solutions can generate capsules that contain the recovery agent in the amount of up to 90…94 % of the total volume. General requirements and quality standards that apply to self-healing materials, used in construction, must be developed to identify their efficiency depending on application conditions. Provisions of the adhesion theory can be applied to the self-healing technology in the course of its implementation.

The study was funded by the grant from the Russian Science Foundation (Project No. 19-79-00262).
A study of the dust content in the air of the urban environment
Authors: Phan Thi An  , Shukurov Ilkhomzhon S. , Pham Van Luong  , Shukurova Lola I.
Published: October 2020

Introduction. Hanoi is the capital of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. Hanoi grows according to the following pattern: its central district has several satellites (5 cities) that are accessible by transport systems such as railways, motorways, waterways, etc. Air quality gets worse due to the growing number of urban residents, their personal vehicles, industrial development and other sources of emissions, and each of these factors has a great impact on human health and the state of the environment.

Materials and methods. This study uses PM2.5 data generated by two automatic air monitoring stations located in the northern centre for environmental monitoring of the Environmental Protection Agency of Vietnam and the US Embassy in Vietnam. Methods of statistical assessment and analysis were applied to evaluate the difference in PM2.5 dust concentration at different stages of urban development.

Results. The problem of PM2.5 pollution in Vietnam is particularly relevant, because it threatens public health. In residential areas located in urban neighborhoods notorious for heavy traffic and industrial enterprises, pollution levels still exceed admissible QCVN limits. On the contrary, air pollution is lower in suburban residential areas.

Conclusions. The paper discusses the consequences of environmental pollution, caused by PM2.5 fine dust as a result of urbanization in Hanoi, and analyses urban planning solutions aimed at pollution reduction.
actitud de los agricultores hacia la conservación de los recursos naturales en González, Tamaulipas
Authors: Cruz Delgado Daniela
Published: October 2020

La agricultura, al usar insumos químicos, maquinaria y equipo tiene efectos adversos sobre el suelo, agua, aire, flora y fauna. Las problemáticas ambientales asociadas a la intensificación de la producción en diversos sectores, hace necesario el estudio de los impactos de la actividad humana sobre el planeta para instrumentar estrategias de solución. El objetivo fue evaluar el impacto de la actitud de los agricultores sobre la conservación de los recursos naturales. Los resultados permitirán a los diseñadores de políticas públicas medioambientales implementar acciones eficaces en el cuidado de los recursos naturales. Se encuestaron 134 agricultores del municipio de González en el estado de Tamaulipas. El instrumento de obtención de información fue un cuestionario de 22 preguntas en cinco bloques: identificación del encuestado, tres dimensiones de la actitud sobre la conservación de los recursos naturales (cognitiva, afectiva y conductual) y la conservación de recursos. Los resultados indican actitud general favorable acerca de la conservación de los recursos naturales. Las dimensiones cognitiva y afectiva son favorables, en contraste la dimensión conductual resultó indiferente. Un programa de capacitación sobre la aplicación de las buenas prácticas agrícolas para la conservación de los recursos sería una estrategia para mejorar el resultado de la dimensión conductual.
Comparación de las principales fuentes de alimentos entre Estados Unidos y México, 1961-2010
Authors: Mendoza Guerrero Juan Manuel , Restrepo Betancur Fernando , Bruno Fiscal Carlos
Published: October 2020

La disponibilidad de alimentos permite a la población contar con fuentes calóricas y energéticas de origen vegetal y animal idóneas para su bienestar. Por ello, es de vital interés conocer las estadísticas asociadas con ello, a fin de tener una planeación acorde con los requerimientos de la población. El objetivo del presente artículo es comparar tanto la disponibilidad de carne (cerdo, vaca, pescado y ave), huevo, leche, maíz, trigo, hortalizas, legumbres, frutas y frijol, así como las fuentes de energía, proteína y grasa en el periodo 1961-2010 entre Estados Unidos y México. Para ello se utilizó análisis multivariado de la varianza (MANOVA) con contraste canónico de tipo ortogonal, análisis de componentes principales y análisis descriptivo exploratorio de tipo unidimensional,  donde se tuvo en cuenta la información proveniente de la base de datos FAOSTAT. La principal conclusión es que existe una asimetría, cada vez menor, en la disponibilidad de alimentos a favor de los Estados Unidos; además de una diferencia en los tipos de alimentos disponibles ya que mientras en Estados Unidos apunta a una dieta basada en ave y leche, México basa su dieta en cerdo y leche.
“MAYA LEADERS ALLIANCE & OTHERS V. THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF BELIZE”: UM EXEMPLO DE DESCOLONIZAÇÃO DO DIREITO INTERNACIONAL DOS DIREITOS HUMANOS
Authors: Vieira Luciane Klein , Azambuja Marcelo Andrade de
Published: October 2020

Em 22 de abril de 2015, a Corte Caribenha de Justiça, órgão da Comunidade do Caribe (CARICOM), declarou o direito das comunidades indígenas maias sobre suas terras ancestrais, em Belize. A decisão abre espaço para questionamentos sobre um novo padrão de defesa e promoção dos direitos humanos no âmbito internacional. Neste artigo, o problema de pesquisa apresentado busca aferir se a consolidação da Corte Caribenha de Justiça representa uma alternativa para a descolonização da proteção internacional dos direitos humanos, em Belize. Para tanto, serão utilizados os métodos de análise histórico, descritivo e casuístico, numa perspectiva crítica e interdisciplinar, tendo como pano de fundo o caso “Maya Leaders Alliance & others v. The Attorney General of Belize”. Como resposta ao problema apresentado, verificamos que o Direito da Integração cria, efetivamente, novos foros para a análise da violação de direitos humanos no âmbito internacional que, por sua proximidade, tendem a ampliar o acesso à justiça aos cidadãos e a oferecer soluções mais adequadas ao conflito, com reflexos transnacionais.
Arte en la necrópolis prehispánica de Tierradentro
Authors: Sevilla Casas Elías
Published: October 2020

Apartir de una breve descripción de la obra arquitectónica, escultórica y pictórica de las tumbas del Parque Arqueológico Nacional de Tierradentro, Colombia, se discute qué significa “necrópolis”, “arte” y “prehispánico”; basado en literatura reciente sobre antropología del arte y arte prehispánico, desde una lectura que se aparta de categorías, conceptos y términos anglo y eurocentrados. Se presta atención al “tejido pétreo” y “la petridad abstracta” característicos del arte prehispánico de la necrópolis, para entender su funcionalidad reduplicativamente simbólica, es decir, como una elaboración en el campo simbólico general en que se mueven los seres humanos, porque apela a la capacidad de significación que ciertos artefactos tienen para los productores-receptores. Se habla desde la arqueología, sin especulaciones mitopoéticas, sobre las poblaciones prehispánicas que crearon y usaron la necrópolis. Luego se reflexiona sobre la experiencia estética que se puede generar en los visitantes que se mueven en el campo “arte y cultura”.
“Ciudadanos bonaerenses-bolivianos”: activismo político binacional en una organización de inmigrantes bolivianos residentes en Argentina
Authors: Pizarro Cynthia
Published: October 2020

En este artículo se analiza el activismo político en una organización de inmigrantes bolivianos residentes en Argentina, que instauró un espacio político binacional. Es decir, un escenario en el que ellos fueron reconocidos como ciudadanos por autoridades de diversos niveles estatales argentinos y bolivianos. El argumento se basa en una descripción etnográfica tanto de la estructura de oportunidades políticas que permitió la constitución de tal espacio, como de las características de la migración boliviana en el norte del Área Metropolitana de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, la trayectoria de la asociación estudiada en relación al escenario político local y la conformación de alianzas basadas en afinidades político-partidarias entre las autoridades de diferente nivel en Argentina. Cierra con una discusión sobre la importancia que la problemática migratoria ha adquirido en Argentina y Bolivia en los últimos años.
El cuerpo como unidad biológica y social: una premisa para la salud sexual y reproductiva
Authors: Reyes Sánchez Giovanna Liset
Published: October 2020

En este artículo se presenta una reflexión sobre la construcción del cuerpo humano en relación con la salud sexual y reproductiva. Plantea una discusión epistemológica acerca de la importancia que tiene para la medicina de hoy entender de una forma no reduccionista ni homogénea al cuerpo, con el objetivo de renovar, en el mediano plazo, las intervenciones en salud para que estén más acordes con los valores culturales y las características ambientales de los territorios que ocupan los grupos sociales que se pretenden beneficiar con las políticas de salud sexual y reproductiva. Hace referencia a la concepción y manejo del cuerpo entre los indígenas ticuna de la Amazonia colombiana.
Em diálogo. . . Resenha de Literatura Comparada e Literatura Brasileira: Circulações e Representações
Authors: Coutinho Eduardo
Published: October 2020

A preocupação com a circulação da obra literária na era atual da globalização, principalmente após as contribuições trazidas pela Estética da Recepção, que chamaram atenção para a figura do leitor e para a relação da obra com os seus contextos de produção e recepção, prestou valiosa contribuição para os estudos de Literatura Comparada, questionando o eurocentrismo presente nas fases iniciais da disciplina e dando margem a uma reflexão mais ampla sobre a avaliação da própria obra em seus diversos momentos e locais de transposição. Neste livro, Literatura Comparada e Literatura Brasileira: circulações e representações (Boa Vista: Editora UFRR, 2020), que dá continuidade a reflexões já tratadas em outro anterior, organizado em 2017, com a contribuição de diversos autores, José Luís Jobim estuda a questão da circulação literária e cultural, incluindo, como ele próprio afirma, “discussão sobre questões teóricas que envolvem a circulação e que se referem à sua temporalidade, aos seus modos de existir, aos seus lugares, bem como aos objetos materiais e aos conceitos envolvidos nela”.