bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Тhe phenomenon of higher education quality in modern scientific discourse
Authors: Iliichuk Liubomyra
Published: November 2022

The article emphasizes the relevance of the problem of ensuring the quality of higher education in Ukraine, which today is in the center of attention of politicians, state managers, educational and scientific communities, the public, as well as representatives of higher education institutions, higher education seekers, and employers. The author carried out a thorough analysis of the concepts «quality», «quality of education», «quality of higher education». The essence and content of the studied phenomenon is clarified, the need for theoretical and methodological justification of the identified problem for further use in the subject field of pedagogical science and practice is emphasized. It was found that the quality of higher education is a complex multifaceted and diverse category, the interpretation of which depends on the socio-economic development of society and its dominant values. In the course of the study, methods of retrospective, system-logical, structural-functional analysis were used, which allowed to reveal the content and essence of the phenomenon. The results of the conducted research became a comprehensive justification of the concept of the quality of higher education through the prism of modern scientific discourse. Based on a number of scientific works, the author considers the category of higher education quality in the context of all possible directions of its manifestation, in particular at the level of the result, process and educational system. The practical significance of the study lies in the use of its theoretical and methodological provisions and conclusions in the process of developing progressive models and effective mechanisms for the development of systems of external and internal quality assurance of higher education in modern universities.
Рsychological and pedagogical conditions for the development of STEM education
Authors: Zavalevskyi Yurii , Gorbenko Svitlana , Lozova Oksana
Published: November 2022

The article presents the relevance of the study and organization of psychological and pedagogical conditions for the development of STEM education. The authors assume that the study of this problem will contribute to the improvement of the effectiveness of educational and educational tasks of educational institutions.

The authors stated that the psychological and pedagogical conditions for the development of STEM education in educational institutions are the purposeful organization of the educational STEM environment in the educational institution; educational and methodical support of educational institutions; improving the professional skills of scientific and pedagogical workers; psychological readiness of teachers for innovative activities; motivation of students for research, design, invention activities etc.

STEM education is a tool for implementing the key provisions of the Concept of the New Ukrainian School regarding the renewal of didactic methods, means, forms and principles of education. Strengthening the role of STEM education will increase the motivation of students to study natural and mathematical subjects, as well as engineering, technology, and informatics. STEM education unites the efforts of the participants of the educational process in the formation of the competencies of the students, which will give the opportunity to propose innovative solutions for the economic development of the state and other spheres of society.
Protection of students’ personal data on the websites of general secondary education institutions: research results
Authors: Melnyk Oksana
Published: November 2022

The article provides an analysis of the results of an all-Ukrainian study on the problems of sharing students’ personal data on general secondary education institutions’ websites and pages in social networks. A survey of 31,478 parents/persons who replace them and 11,415 teachers and representatives/representatives of the administration of general secondary education institutions was conducted, the results of which were compared with those obtained during the pilot study of 2018. The effectiveness of the approbation of methodological recommendations regarding the organization of an educational institution’s website (with a focus on respect for human rights in the online space), based on the results of the pilot study was verified. It was found that 22.13% more parents/persons who replace them sign permission to take photos and videos of their child, the number of educational institutions’ websites, which publish warnings and contact information for deleting personal data, photos, videos with the child, has increased. It was determined that the number of general secondary education institutions that have a common vision, understanding, instructions and rules for publishing/distributing photos and videos with children on social networks and messengers has increased. This was indicated by 47.12% more parents/persons who replace them, and by 56.48% more teaching staff. The survey showed that 62.71% of the interviewed teachers apply the methodological recommendations and, more often, the rules for filling the educational institution’s website approved by the internal instructions of the educational institution. On the other hand, certain problems related to the research topic were identified and ways of solving them were proposed.
The Role and Place of Moral-Willed Qualities in the General System of Training of Future Military Officers
Authors: Kytrar Vitalii
Published: November 2022

The article investigates the peculiarities of the training for military personnel in higher education institutions in Ukraine. The formation of moral and volitional qualities of future military personnel takes place both in the process of gaining professional qualifications in higher military educational institutions and military educational units of higher education institutions and during physical and tactical training.

Study of the scientific literature shows that the term "moral-willed qualities" is studied as a relationship between the concepts of "moral qualities" and "willed qualities".

Based on the analysis of scientific literature, the concept of "moral and volitional qualities of future military personnel" has been clarified, which we understand as stable personality characteristics that affect the ability to manage one's behaviour and activities in all situations based on compliance with moral standards.

It has been proven that for successful professional activities, future military personnel need to develop such moral and volitional qualities as purposefulness; courage and determination; independence and resourcefulness; perseverance and tenacity; endurance and self-control; discipline and organization.
The Role of Teachers’ Teaching Strategies on Peer Acceptance: Study in Inclusive Madrasas in Indonesia
Authors: Kurniawati Farida , Siti Mariyam Ade
Published: November 2022

"Madrasa is an educational institution in Indonesia that has unique in implementing inclusive education because it combines inclusive values in the Quran and Hadith, inclusive values proclaimed by UNESCO 1994 and inclusive values according to national education policies. One of the goals of inclusive education in madrasas is to foster peer acceptance. This study attempted to examine factors that foster peer acceptance in Inclusive Madrasa Ibtidaiyah. The participants of this study involved 930 students and 42 teachers of Inclusive Madrasa Ibtidaiyah in Indonesia. The study used the Peer Acceptance Scale (PAS) to measure peer acceptance and a social interaction teaching strategy measurement tool to measure teaching strategies. The results of the analysis found that teaching strategies significantly increase regular student peer acceptance of students with special needs. R2 = 0.029, F (1,928) = 28.107, p<0.001."
LARVICIDAL EFFICACY OF THE SYNERGISTIC COMBINATION OF Allium sativum AND Cymbopogon citratus AGAINST Aedes SPECIES LARVAE
Authors: Ozege F.I , Omoregie A.O.
Published: November 2022

The Aedes mosquitoes are important vectors of Zika, chikungunya, yellow fever, and Ross River arboviral diseases. The challenges caused by the over-reliance on chemical insecticides in managing the vectors and as well the diseases they transmit have led to increased emphasis on developing more effective and environmentally friendly alternatives. This study investigated the phytochemicals present in Allium sativum and Cymbopogon citratus mixed together in a ratio of 1:1 and the larvicidal efficacy of their synergistic combination against Aedes mosquito larvae. The phytochemistry of the extracts were determined qualitatively. The test was conducted using different concentrations of 500ppm, 750ppm and 1000ppm, of the larvicidal mixture and mortalities recorded at 24, 48 and 72 hour exposure time. Data were analysed using Analysis of variance and probit analysis. Carbohydrates, tannin, flavonoid, alkaloid, and steroid phytochemicals were present in the mixture. Larval mortality was greater than 80% in all test concentrations at the 24, 48 and 72 hour exposure time. Larval mortality at the different concentrations, did not vary significantly. There was no significant variation (p>0.05) in the mortality of the larvae at different concentrations of the extracts; 500ppm, 750ppm, and 1000ppm as well as the different exposure time (p>0.05). However, a highly significant variation (p<0.01) was observed in the mortality of the larvae exposed at different concentrations throughout the 72 hour period. The calculated LC¬¬50 and LC90 at 72 hours were 123.79ppm and 459.09ppm respectively. The combined extracts of both plant materials showed very high larval potency against the Aedes mosquitoes. This mixture should be considered as possible supplementary or substitute for the control of Aedes sp. larvae.
Smart Finance, Taxation & Economic Development
Authors: Singh Dr. Preeti
Published: November 2022

By Dr. Preeti Singh
Doxa och den nya retorikens kunskapssyn
Authors: Rosengren Mats
Published: November 2022

I denna artikel gör Mats Rosengren ett försök att bestämma det för retoriken helt centrala begreppet doxa – alltså de försanthållanden, trosföreställningar, fördomar, åsikter etc. som är de rådande inom en större eller mindre grupp människor. Utgångspunkten är retorikfilosofen Chaïm Perelman som mer än någon annan har visat hur retoriken också är en filosofi – men en filosofi som i motsats till den ­traditionella, rationalistiska filosofin är baserad på common sense. En filosofi som varken är evig eller absolut – men bunden till vår tid och värderingar
On doxa – the epistemology of the New Rhetoric
Authors: Rosengren Mats
Published: November 2022

I denna artikel gör Mats Rosengren ett försök att bestämma det för retoriken helt centrala begreppet doxa – alltså de försanthållanden, trosföreställningar, fördomar, åsikter etc. som är de rådande inom en större eller mindre grupp människor. Utgångspunkten är retorikfilosofen Chaïm Perelman som mer än någon annan har visat hur retoriken också är en filosofi – men en filosofi som i motsats till den ­traditionella, rationalistiska filosofin är baserad på common sense. En filosofi som varken är evig eller absolut – men bunden till vår tid och värderingar
Translation and Indigenous Language Preservation in Indonesia
Authors: Patrianto Hero
Published: November 2022

Translation practices have existed since the 19th century involving several major Indonesian-type languages. However, those practices cannot be considered as related to indigenous language preservation. Before the Indonesian independence, different tribes in Indonesia were still independent and considered themselves as different nations. Therefore, a native language in those days was considered as a national language for a certain tribe or nation. The situation changed since the independence. Indonesia as a nation has many different tribes. Other than the national language (bahasa Indonesia), Indonesia has hundreds indigenous languages. In addition, since the Independence Day, bahasa Indonesia has become the dominant target language in the translation practices. In this talk, I will discuss some latest translation practices involving indigenous languages in Indonesia. I would like to argue in this presentation that translation can be one of the most potential solutions to preserve indigenous languages. In 2021, Indonesian government initiated a massive translation project; the Covid19 protocol guidance originally written in bahasa Indonesia was translated into 77 indigenous languages. In this presentation, I will present data from East Javanese for micro-discussion on the translation process. In addition, I will also talk about translation practices into indigenous languages that target younger generation. Efforts to translate children’s literature into indigenous languages have been initiated. Hopefully, this project can be developed and attract more translators to translate texts into their indigenous languages.

Keywords: indigenous language, preservation, translation
Culture and Identity in Contemporary Indian English Poetry
Authors: Anamika Kumari
Published: November 2022

Indian English poetry with a view to achieving modernity, tries to do different kinds of experiments. Rhyme and Stanzaic forms had replaced free verse. Verbal melody came to be evoked through the use of alliterative words. The tone was one of the intellectualized irony and sarcasm. The stance of the poets was one of the complete detachment and objectivity. The other innovation of the modern Indian poets is the use of symbolism. The poets use modern techniques used by the film industry and advertising industry besides the stream of consciousness and free association of ideas. There is much “word hunting” and “image hunting” which reflects the medium of consciousness on the part of the poet. The Indian, poets therefore borrows words from their regional languages. To be Indian, poets have to be rooted in Indian-geographically, historically, socially or psychologically. Poetry is the expression of human life from times eternal. India, in fact has a long tradition of arts and poetry from ages. Colonialism gave a new language, English for the expression of Indians. The poetry written by the Indians in English in the last 150 years may be said to have three phrases: the imitative, the assimilative and the experiment.
Representation of Racism, Oppression and Marginalization of Black Women in Tony Morrison’s The Bluest Eye
Authors: Rohini Harsh
Published: November 2022

The concept of racism is developed and constructed by our society which further creates disparities among people. This term is based on belief system and very much relevant in the modern contemporary society, therefore, internalize by great number of masses. Racism is a cooperative force of actions by large number of people that maintain and persist with each other, where some communities enjoy the benefits and other groups suffers difficulties. Thereby racism is responsible for prejudice and discrimination between people all around the world. This omnipresent and multi-faceted nature of racism is particularly poignant in Toni Morrison’s novel The Bluest Eye. The article critically analyzes the novel, and scrutinizes how Morrison defies Western standards of beauty which further reveals that the idea of beauty is socially constructed. Morrison identifies that large section of black women is severely marginalized and oppressed by men and by western culture. In exhibiting pride in being dark, this author does not just depict optimistic pictures of blackness but also she focus on the damage that the black women characters experiences through the development of femininity in a racialized world. This article try to investigate the issues associated with the subjugation of African American women and non American African women, the class differences, the idea of beauty and materialism linked with the growing class versatility, patriarchal society, the ill-treatment of women and the notion of beauty as a way to have a "superior life". The article shows how the prejudice that exists within the African American people can be viewed as an impact of the discrimination and bigotry that its people have been subjected by the Whites. The Bluest Eye is a remarkable articulation of Toni Morrison's ethnic social women's liberation, a critic of black poverty, vulnerability and loss of optimistic self-image signified by Pecola who believe that blackness has condemned her to cruelty and ignorance. The idea of race and the idiocy of fair skin are depicted through the incidents and stories told by the characters, particularly the three young women Claudia, Pecola and Frieda in the novel. Thus, Morrison proves us the damaging impact of pre-conceived notion of white beauty on individual and on society through the struggle of those people who have suffered. It also scrutinizes the marginalization and oppression of black women by not only whites but also by their native people.
Crime, Vulnerability, and Compassion in Kishwar Desai’s Witness the Night
Authors: Souparnika M C  , Dr. Aananthi Ballamurugan
Published: November 2022

Women in India today don’t feel protected or safe either within the four walls of family or in public spaces. Women have served in various senior positions but this progress doesn’t reach the common society. Many women in India still exposed to such difficulties within their families and in society. Violence against women, especially the number of rapes is increasing in India. Despite all the efforts taken for the progress of our nation, women still suffer from such social exploitation. The reason surprisingly lies in the unit of an Indian family. In Indian society, families are the centre of everything. The efforts should be started from there for the real progress of Indian women. Education, jobs and such exposure bring women to the forefront. Such efforts will give them the courage to stand up for themselves and others who are in crisis. This paper discusses crime against women, vulnerability of women and the necessity of compassion towards women discussed by Desai in her novel, Witness the night.
Educazione digitale familiare dalla nascita
Authors: Grollo Marco , Gui Marco , Pellai Alberto , Oretti Chiara
Published: November 2022

The paper presents a project concerning the digital education for families. The paediatrician is the central figure in this project and leads parents towards a conscious management of digital media, giving them and their children specific indications for all age groups, starting from birth. The project, developed with the direct involvement of paediatricians in multidisciplinary groups, is based on scientific evidence and has been the subject of extensive experimentation in the field. Parents are offered not only limits but also alternative and complementary activities, useful for the development of their children and the improvement of the quality of their personal relationships. The continuous training of paediatricians, the annual updating of materials and research for impact assessment are the basis for the implementation of the project. The territorial educational alliance is a fundamental step in the digital education for the family, which is a subject that poses several open challenges in which the family paediatrician is called to play a central role.
Le carriere lavorative dei percettori del Reddito d’inclusione prima dell’accesso alla policy
Authors: De Angelis Marina , De Filippi Michelangelo
Published: November 2022

Nell’articolo si descrivono le carriere lavorative dei percettori della prima misura di sostegno al reddito in Italia, il Reddito d’inclusione (ReI). Obiettivo dell’analisi è comprendere quali siano le condizioni del mercato del lavoro, nello specifico la tipologia contrattuale e il regime orario oltre alla professione, che espongono a un maggiore rischio di povertà (pur lavorando) e si definiscono inoltre le caratteristiche socio-economiche dei soggetti maggiormente esposti. Concentrandosi sui tre anni precedenti all’ingresso nella policy, quello che emerge per i beneficiari del ReI è una prevalenza di contratti a tempo determinato e part-time, principalmente per le donne. Dunque, il mercato del lavoro non protegge dalla povertà e anche chi riesce ad entrarci, ovvero il 70% dei casi di beneficiari ReI nel 2018, resta comunque povero e ha bisogno e diritto al sussidio di povertà.
La sentenza della Consulta sul Reddito di cittadinanza
Authors: Rizzo Alfredo
Published: November 2022

In una sentenza degli inizi del 2022, la Corte costituzionale italiana, chiamata dal Tribunale di Bergamo a valutare se il Reddito di cittadinanza si applichi a cittadini non-UE “residenti di lunga durata” nell’Unione, ha respinto la possibilità che questo strumento persegua obiettivi di politica sociale in senso più ampio. Inoltre, sia il giudice ordinario che la Consulta non hanno sottoposto le questioni interpretative alla Corte di Giustizia dell’Unione europea, ponendo così diversi dubbi alla luce delle numerose fonti del diritto dell’Unione pertinenti per la soluzione delle medesime questioni controverse.
Social work education e valutazione delle politiche pubbliche
Authors: Decataldo Alessandra , Grimaldi Anna , Luisi Daniela , Tognetti Bordogna Mara
Published: November 2022

Il contributo si propone di analizzare gli usi della ricerca e della valutazione per qualificare il fare professionale degli/delle assistenti sociali e migliorare gli strumenti del welfare locale. Buone programmazioni territoriali necessitano di migliorare le scelte di policy e definire i contenuti del lavoro sociale come policy practice. La social work education, come ambito formativo e di ricerca, può veicolare temi rilevanti quali la partecipazione, l’advocacy, la co-produzione (co-progettare e co-programmare) e la ricerca valutativa applicata alle politiche di welfare locale.
“A vigilant hand”: Reading The Age of Innocence from Below
Authors: Cain William E.
Published: November 2022

This article, keyed to The Age of Innocence, takes as its point of departure the resistance from students that many teachers encounter when they assign the novels that Edith Wharton centered in wealthy, privileged New York society. There is indeed, in each of these novels, a central story that dominates and occupies nearly all the surface, dealing with the personal and familial problems of rich people. But there is a second story, about servants and workers and providers of the comforts that the wealthy deem essential. It is important to respond to and understand the first story through a keen awareness of the second, which can be done by reading The Age of Innocence “from below.” When teaching this novel and others like it in subject and setting, it is thus helpful and illuminating to bring the second story forward. Reading from below enables readers to appreciate Wharton’s style and vision more deeply and makes her work more accessible to and rewarding for students.
“At the very moment of attainment”: Self-Deception in La Princesse de Clèves and The House of Mirth
Authors: Kudish Adele
Published: November 2022

This article interprets the central erotic triangle between Lily Bart, Lawrence Selden, and Simon Rosedale in The House of Mirth (1905) as a modernized restaging of the love triangle in Madame de Lafayette’s La Princesse de Clèves (1678). Through the lens of the seventeenth-century French novel, which Wharton characterized as inaugurating the debut of “modern fiction” in The Writing of Fiction, readers can see how Wharton condemns, in The House of Mirth, the stated motivations of its characters as fundamentally unreliable and their attempts at self-knowledge as futile. In this way, both novels highlight epistemological failures—whether about love, friendship, or status—when characters falter just on the brink of attaining their desires. The last part of this study examines Rosedale’s love for Lily, his active care for her, and his jealousy, which have not received adequate scholarly attention, as well as proposes a new reading of Lily’s rejection of Rosedale’s last marriage proposal.
Impact of Physical Activity on Weight Loss during Intermittent Fasting in Adults
Authors: Tahir Hafsa , Waqar Wajeeha , Ali Khadija , Fatima Kaynat , Maqbool Sania , Umar Hassaan , Bacha Umar
Published: November 2022

Background: Obesity is increasing rapidly in our country leading to many chronic diseases and health related issues. Intermittent fasting proves to be beneficial in treating obesity in other countries but have not been much researched in Pakistan. If proves valuable IF can prevent adults from falling prey to crash diets and unhealthy diet practices which promotes bad health. Aims: To evaluate the impact of IF on weight loss in adults, to evaluate impact of physical activity on weight loss during IF and to check weather calorie restriction is necessary or not for weight loss. Methods: We did an experimental study on a sample of 30 adults, which followed IF for 1 month. They were provided with online counseling and guidelines to follow. Moreover, they were divided into two groups A and B one with physical activity of 20 min walk and one without it to see the impact of physical activity on IF. Plus an online survey was created after 1 month to know how much weight they lose and how they feel about this regimen. SPSS V21 was the tool used to analyze the data Results: IF is a beneficial practice to treat obesity. However Physical activity increases the impact of weight loss however people also reduced weight without any activity. There were no major side effects. People find it unique and easy to follow. They were prone to follow it in future too for weight loss purposes. Practical implication: By the help of this study we will get to evaluate the impact of IF on health parameters in Adults. IF will be easy to follow and will show long term effects without showing any rebound effects. Moreover, we need more data in this particular field for appropriate use and application of this regimen in Asian households and cultural aspects. It can promote public health in Pakistan. Conclusion: The research concludes that intermittent fasting is helpful in reducing weight but it is more effective in males as compared to females. Two groups were made A group was doing IF with exercise while the B group only do Intermittent fasting, more weight loss has been seen in A group as compared to group B. Keywords: Intermittent fasting (IF), physical activity, weight loss, adults.
Suprathel Dressing at Split Thickness Skin Graft Donor Site for Pain Control and Wound Healing
Authors: Cheema Lubna , Manzoor Sobia , Khalid Usman , Shamim Romaisa , . Hashaam, , Tayyab Zahid , Bashir Mustehsan
Published: November 2022

Back ground: Split thickness grafting is a routinely done procedure in treatment of burn and coverage of other wounds. These patients require management of both donor site and grafted area. Donor site wound may be more painful and distressing as compared to the patient´s skin grafted area and there may be additional scarring. Different types of dressing are used for healing of SSG donor area. Aim: To compare conventional dressing and Suprathel dressing at SSG donor site in terms of total consumption of analgesic medication and duration of wound healing. Methods: Randomized control trial was conducted in the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery/ Burn unit of Mayo Hospital over a period of 1 year (Dec 20 – Dec 21). A total of 64 patients of skin grafting were included. They were divided into 2 groups, Group A (32) treated with conventional paraffin medicated gauze and in Group B (32) Suprathel dressing was used on graft donor site. Patients pain score was calculated using NVAS (Numeric visual analogue score) and healing time was recorded in both groups. Results: Total of 64 patients were included in study with 32 in each group. There were 35(54.7%) males and 29(45.3%) females. Pain score in Group A was: ≤ 5 in 11 patients (34.4%) and ≥ 5 in 21(65.5%). In Group B≤ 5 in 22 patients (68.85%) and ≥5 in 10(31.2%). Healing time in Group A was: ≤ 14 days in 17 patients (53.15%) and ≥14 days in 15(46.8%). In Group B ≤14days in 25(78.1%)and ≥ days 14 in 7( 21.9%). There was significant difference between patient pain score (.005) and healing time (p.0.03) in comparison of suprathel dressing and paraffin medicated treated donor site Conclusion: Suprathel represents a reliable epidermal skin substitute having an impact on wound healing and wound pain on donor site for graft. It enhances wound healing and decreases dose of analgesia. Keywodrs: Graft Donor site, Suprathel, Pain score, wound healing.
Prevalence of Upper Trapezius Tightness Due to Chronic Neck Pain and Poor Posture in University going Students
Authors: Najeeb Momina , Habib Sumbal , Mahmood Noor , Kamal Maryam , Awajid Mubashr , Aslam Hijab , Hussain Imran
Published: November 2022

Aim: This study aimed to find out the prevalence of upper trapezius tightness due to chronic neck pain and poor posture in university students. Methods: An observational study design was opted for this research and a sample size of 360 participants were enrolled using non probability convenient sampling technique. Participants were selected on the basis of inclusion criteria which was undergraduate students of both gender above age 18 years. Data was collected using upper trapezius muscle length test to assess muscle tightness and Neck Pain Index Disability (NDI) questionnaire. For statistical analysis, SPSS version.24 was used and prevalence was interpreted using frequency tables and graphs. Association with chronic neck pain and poor posture was determined using chi square. P<0.05 was considered to be significant. Results: Upper trapezius tightness was found quite prevalent among university students. Results showed that 53.9% students could not lift heavy objects. 68.1% students could not read properly, 74.2% students had headache, 60% of students could not concentrate properly, 60.3% students had issues regarding sleep and 51.4% students could not be able to perform their recreational activities because of chronic pain in neck and poor postures while 52% students can drive easily with normal pain intensity due to upper trapezius tightness. Practical implication: This observational study would add and authenticate an evidence to the literature among the certain study population. This study would educate the university students and general population about posture related muscle pain and tightness which would help them identify the association between posture and muscular imbalance. Conclusion: This study concluded that upper trapezius tightness is highly prevalent among university student and it is strongly associated with chronic neck pain and poor posture. Keywords: Trapezius Muscle, Muscle Tightness, Neck Pain, Poor Posture, University Student.
Prevalence of Class II and III Obesity with Diabetes Type II and Associated Factors
Authors: Shah Saleh , Memon Aamir Gul , Hussain M. Imran , . Maryam , Gul Shamshad , Memon Mawra Urooj , Inam Kashaf , Chaudhary Fatima
Published: November 2022

Background: Obesity is related to Type II Diabetes (T2DM), affecting health-related quality of life. Body mass index (BMI) is a standardized screening tool used for Obesity. Gaining weight is highly associated with developing certain metabolic disorders, such as T2DM, which may worsen the quality of life. Among the general Pakistani population prevalence of overweight individuals is 25%, and obesity is 10.3%. Aim: To find out the prevalence of class II and III obesity with T2DM and associated factors Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out at different clinics of Sindh. The study duration was six months, from February 2022 to July. Through a purposive sampling technique, 200 overweight males and females were selected. BMI was calculated by weight (kg) and Height (inches). Self-structured questionnaire for demographic and related associate factors. Results: The most subjects were fall into the age range above 46 years (67%) majority were male, 143(71.2%), most subjects were lies in class III obesity (65.5%) and 121(60.5%) were chronic smokers. The prevalence of T2DM among people aged ≥46 years was 58.2%. Outcomes on the gender bases showed that T2DM was higher at 73(51.1%) among males than females at 25(43.86%). The incidence of Diabetes was comparatively high among obese class III 81(61.8%) than class II individuals. Practical Implications: The Overweight individuals with type 2 diabetes face a chronic, developing disease that leads to complications that profoundly affect both quality of life and longevity. Diet recommendations to prevent T2DM should focus more on the quality of fat and carbohydrate in the diet than quantity alone, in addition to balancing total energy intake with expenditure to avoid obesity. Conclusion: It is concluded that the high prevalence of T2DM with obesity class III and chronic smokers among participants. Keywords: Associated factors, BMI, Diabetes, Obesity, Prevalence Smokers
Obesity amongst Medical Students - A Cross-Sectional Comparative Study from Lahore, Pakistan, 2022
Authors: Khan Rozina Shahadat , Khan Sunair Siddique , Siddique Romaisa
Published: November 2022

Background: Doctors wellbeing not only affects them but also it has strong impact on their surroundings as they are considered as role models in community. Aim: To assess the magnitude and any overtime change of obesity among the medical students. Methods: This study was conducted at Ameer Ud Din Medical College Lahore from February to April 2022. Informed verbal consent was taken from 159 students selected through simple Random sampling that agreed and were not having any health ailments like ascites or edema artificially increasing body weight and hormonal disorders. Analysis was done using SPSS v 23. Result: Based on BMI cut-off for Asians 21.38% medical students had BMI ≥25.0 kg/m2, 8.18% were underweight and all females. Significantly greater numbers of males were obese (BMI ≥25) as compared to females 25% (11 of 44) vs. 20% (23 of 115) and as well as in severe obese category (BMI ≥30) 11.36% (5 of 44) for male vs. 3.5% (4 of 115) females. Conclusion: Medical students have comparatively lesser prevalence than general public and this has improved over the passage of time and in comparison of similar population of the other province but has shown both increase in Pre-obesity prevalence and under nutrition trend in female medical students demanding to search the possible factors for this double burden Malnutrition among female medical students. Keywords: Obesity, Prevalence, MBBS Students.
Comparing the Assessment Quality of Trained Versus Untrained Peer Examiners in Obstetrics and Gynaecology in OSCE
Authors: Riaz Beenish , Afridi Huma , Shadab Wajiha , Afridi Itaat Ullah Khan
Published: November 2022

Background: Assessment has been shown in studies to have a significant impact on the learning process. There has been a lot of interest in making assessment an important element of the learning process for students. Senior medical students may be able to assist teachers with peer evaluations. There is little evidence to support the idea that peer examiners should be officially trained before taking on the job. Aim: To find the difference in teaching faculty scores of untrained and trained peer examiners in Obstetrics & Gynecology OSCE. Study design: Cross-sectional (analytical) study Place and duration: The study was conducted at Sialkot Medical College Sialkot” affiliated with Imran Idrees Teaching Hospital in Obstetrics /Gynecology department over the period of 6 months from January 2022 to June 2022 Methodology: One hundred and five medical student of 4th year were enrolled for practice of OSCE examination. Forty final year medical students took part in the assessment program as peer examiners. One group of examiners were given 2-hour training session describing about the assigned OSCE stations, marking method, evaluation, and feedback methods. Other group was given only checklist to read with no prior training. Using the checklist and a global rating, senior faculty and peer student examiners (both trained and untrained groups) simultaneously assessed students in basic Obstetrics /Gynecology clinical skills at 4 OSCE stations. Every station ran for five minutes (3 minutes of evaluation while 2 minutes of feedback). A comparison between the check list and global rating scores of trained and untrained peer student examiners was made. SPSS version 21 was used to calculate intra-rater reliability was assessed to build the consensus of faculty examiners with the trained and untrained peer examiners according to checklist scores and global rating. Results: Student examiners found sitting at OSCE stations as a useful learning experience. Observing different performances at OSCE stations was so absorbing and it gave them awareness about examination procedure. Practical implication. Peer assessors in a formative OSCE could be successfully implemented in the curriculum of a large medical school with more than 100 students annually. They can be trained to conduct undergraduate assessments of their junior peers and can prove to be very reliable and effective assessors. Conclusion: Peer markers who underwent the formal training session showed the capacity to assess fourth-year students with suitable consistency and devotion. Hence training helped to improve peer marker consensus with faculty. Keywords: Peer examiners, OSCE, trained peer examiner, untrained peer examiner.
Comparative Study of the Efficiency of the Inactivated H9n2 Vaccine against Avian Influenza in Broiler Chickens
Authors: Allaoui Assia , Bachtarzi Karina , Belkacem Lilia , Beguiret Mohamedsalah
Published: November 2022

Aim: Our work is devoted to a serological study of avian influenza disease in broiler chickens, after five different vaccine protocols. Methods: a total of 500 broiler chicks (day-old) were equitably divided into 5 lots. in each batch a specific vaccination protocol was followed. The relative level of serum antibodies against H9N2 virus present in the samples is determined at days: 1, 10, 24, 33, and 51 of age. Results: for batches 1 and 2: the kinetics of the antibodies present a stable curve not associated with significant modifications (p> 0.05) during the entire experimental period, whereas for batches 3, 4 and 5: a peak is observed at D 33 for the first two batches and at D51 for the last Conclusion: the development of active immunity conferred by vaccinations has not been proven because in groups 3, 4 and 5 the titers of antibodies reach high values only in the case of response to the provoked infectious condition and not following immunization by vaccines. Keywords: antibodies, ELISA method, immunity, serotype H9N2, vaccine.
Current Practice Behaviors and Perceptions of Physiotherapist with Respect to Management of Individual with Osteoporosis
Authors: Tariq Komal , Waseem Iqra , Nauman Hussain Muhammad , Shahid Iqra , Tahir Ramesha , Ahmad Sohail M. Ammar
Published: November 2022

Objective: To determine the behaviors and perceptions of physiotherapist with respect to management of individual with osteoporosis. Study Design and Sampling Techniques: This was a cross sectional study with convenient sampling Study Settings & Participants: This study was conducted among physiotherapists working in University Institute of Physical therapy Clinics, Lahore, and Faisal hospital clinics, Faisalabad and Imran Idrees Institute of Rehabilitation Sciences, Sialkot. Data Collection Tools: A self-structured questionnaire focused on three aspects was used. First section was on physiotherapist concern for different types of treatment modes in osteoporotic patients, second section was on physiotherapist concern for manual therapy and third section was on physiotherapist concern about tissue injuries in response to manual therapy. Data Analysis: The data was analyzed using SPSS version 21. Results: The current study comprised of 100 physiotherapists 57(57 %) were female and 43(43 %) were male and 3% of respondents chosen the treatment modes such as ‘other’ as compared to others treatment modes. 75%of physiotherapists were using the strengthening exercises for treatment in osteoporotic patients. Forty one percent of physiotherapists were using the manual therapy 58% physiotherapists had showed up the concern with the use of manual therapy techniques as management for osteoporosis .This was more than half of the sample size taken for the study. Fifty one percent of physiotherapists had more concerned about muscle injuries and 71% were concerned about others injuries and fracture such as wrist fracture and hip fracture by using manual therapy. Conclusion: Use of slight progressive strengthening and exercise is better to overcome osteoporotic bone fractures due to manual force application during strength training in subjects with Osteoporosis Keywords: Behavior, Perception, Physiotherapist, Osteoporosis
Sleep Quality and Nocturnal Pain in Patients of Rotator Cuff Syndrome
Authors: Zahra Tazeen , Altaf Faiza , Akhtar Huma , Awan Somia Sabeeh , Sher Umais Ali , Waris Sadaf
Published: November 2022

Background: Shoulder pain during sleep leads to poor quality sleep. It is a common problem in patients with Rotator cuff syndrome. Rotator cuff syndrome is a condition where your rotator cuff tendons are intermittently trapped and pinched during shoulder movements Objective: To evaluate the relationship between sleep quality and nocturnal pain in patients of rotator cuff syndrome. Methods: Current study was conducted in orthopedic and physiotherapy department of Jinnah Hospital Lahore. Cross-sectional survey was used in this study. Subjects with age group 18-75 years, both genders, diagnosed with rotator cuff syndrome with positive shoulder impingement test and empty can test were included. Patients were requested to fill the comprehensive questionnaire about current medical history, shoulder pain, impact on daily life activities and quality of sleep. Patients with coexisting neck pain and radiculopathies (spleen, kidney, gallbladder) and also with other disabilities e.g., osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, back pain were excluded from current study. Thirty-six patients were enrolled and examined by using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Data was analyzed using SPSS 20.0. Results: The results showed that sleep quality was disturbed in patients of rotator cuff syndrome with a mean Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index score of 11.3333. The results showed that among 36 patients, 18 (50%) had moderate disturbance of sleep as calculated by PSQI scale and 11 (30.6%) had severe disturbance of sleep while 7 (19.4%) had mild disturbance of sleep due to rotator cuff syndrome. Conclusion: The current study concluded that subjective sleep disturbance connected to shoulder pain was obvious in patients with rotator cuff syndrome. Patients experienced low quality of sleep associated with rotator cuff syndrome and affected their activities of daily living causing severe pain and physical disability. Keywords: Shoulder pain, rotator cuff syndrome, Sleep quality.
Frequency of CSF Rhinorrhoea in Patients Undergoing Endoscopic Transsphenoidal Surgery (ETSS) for Pituitary Macroadenoma
Authors: Ali Sohaib , Ullah Tauseef , Afridi Muhammad Ibrahim , Shah Tabraiz Wali , Rehman Shafiq Ur , Rahman Hanif Ur , Khan Idris , Khan Muhammad Taimur , Sayyed Ehsan
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Pituitary adenoma resection via the transsphenoidal approach (TSS)is a safe and common neurosurgical procedure that can be done both through microscopic and endoscopic methods. Objectives: The main objective of the study is to find the frequency of CSF rhinorrhoea in patients undergoing endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery (ETSS) for pituitary macroadenoma. Material and methods: The study data was collected from 1st Oct to 1st Nov 2022, in the departments of Neurosurgery of Hayatabad Medical complex, Khyber Teaching Hospital, Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar. The data was collected through non-probability consecutive sampling technique. There were 315 patients which were included in the study. The surgical procedure is done under general anesthesia. All patient data was collected and a standardized form was filled by the attending surgeon caring for the patient. Importantly, the primary end points to be recorded were: (1) techniques of intraoperative cranium base reconstruction used, and (2) postoperative CSF rhinorrhoea biochemically confirmed and/or requiring intervention (CSF diversion and/or operative restoration). Results: Of the 315 consecutive patients diagnosed with pituitary adenomas, a total of 250 patients met the inclusion criteria and were included. The pathology included 187 (74.8%) non-functioning adenomas, 40 (16.0%) GH-secreting pituitary adenomas, 3 (1.2%) PRL-secreting pituitary adenomas, and 20 (8.0%) ACTH-secreting pituitary adenomas. There were 30 (12.0%) cases of microadenomas, 205 (82.0%) cases of macroadenomas, and 15 (6.0%) cases of giant adenomas. Intraoperative CSF leakages were determined throughout surgical procedure in eighty patients (32.0%). Postoperative CSF leaks occurred in 9 patients (3.6%), including seven patients with intraoperative CSF leaks. Practical implication: Practical implications of this study is: (1) easily find the CSF leakage (2) frequency of CSF rhinorrhoea in patients undergoing endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery Conclusion: It is concluded that macroadenoma ETSS surgery should be strictly monitored for post-operative CSF leakage and lumber drain is an effective prophylactic strategy. Keywords: Postoperative CSF Leakage, Pituitary Adenomas, ETSS, Surgery, Lumber
Prevalence of Depression and Anxiety in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients on Hemodialysis
Authors: Khan Aimal , Amin Sumayyah , Ahmad Shahzad , Khan Mohammad Sajjad Ali , Ahmed Waqar , , Bano Raheela
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Depression and anxiety disorders are common among hemodialysis (HD) dependent chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. This study determined the prevalence of depression and anxiety in HD-dependent CKD patients. Methods: 146 HD-dependent patients were selected from the dialysis unit, between 20 and 60 years of age. CKD patients not on hemodialysis were excluded from the study. Depression and anxiety were assessed using the hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS) questionnaire. Patients’ demographic data such as gender, age, and socioeconomic status were recorded. The socioeconomic status was defined as lower class; patients having a monthly income of 5000 to 12000 PKR, middle class; patients having a monthly income of 12000 to 30000 PKR, and upper middle class; patients having a monthly income of > 30000 PKR. Results: A total of 146 CKD patients were enrolled. The mean age was 39.67±12.42 years. There were 82 (56.2%) males and 64 (43.8%) females in our study. The frequency of depression and anxiety in CKD patients in our study was 32.2% and 19.2%, respectively.. The frequency of depression and anxiety in CKD patients in our study was 32.2% and 19.2%, respectively. Depression and anxiety were stratified among age, gender, and socioeconomic status, and the association was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Practical implications: After this research we can easily find the anxiety and depression factor among HD dependent CKD patients. Conclusion: Depression and anxiety are common disorders among HD-dependent CKD patients. Anxiety and depression were observed in 19.2% and 32.2 % of the CKD patients in our study. Keywords: Depression, Anxiety, Hemodialysis, Chronic Kidney Disease, Prevalence, Mortality.