bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Last held Military Rank and Wellbeing (Psychological Distress) of Army Ex-Servicemen (Non-Commissioned Officers)
Authors: Rajesh Verma  , Prof Rajbir Singh
Published: May 2021

The soldiers in civil life after separation from military service are more or less designated as Ex-servicemen. The uniqueness of their service requirements and job profile they regularly faces life altering events in their daily life. Their behavior is likely to have significant footprints of these events for longer time. To assess the remains of impact of military service on the behavioural platform of these semi soldiers a sample of 70 Ex-servicemen (non-commissioned ranks) were purposely selected and assigned into two groups as per their rank. GHQ 12 was used to assess the wellbeing (psychological distress). The findings suggested that there is significant effect of rank on the measured variable which might be attributed to several factors couple of them are demands of unyielding orders & commands and regular exposure to intense violence. However, it is pertinent to mention here that the result of the study is required to be tested across the country with larger samples drawn from the population of interest prior to generalization and ascertaining its’ validity and reliability. Constructive suggestions and criticism will be highly appreciated and in fact solicited.
Optimism as Predictor of Psychological Well Being among Adolescents
Authors: Farzana Parveen  , Prof Shahina Maqbool  , Dr. Shah Mohd Khan
Published: May 2021

Optimism is associated with positive outcomes in relationships in general, possibly as a result of processes that promote and maintain Psychological Well-being. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between Optimism and Psychological Well being. It also investigated the difference between Hindu and Muslim, male and female Adolescents on Psychological Well-Being and Optimism. For this study 120 Adolescents were selected from Aligarh Muslim University, comprises 60 Hindu male & female and 60 Muslim male & female through random sampling. Pearson product moment correlation was also used for measuring the relationship between Optimism and Psychological Well-being, t-test was used to know the difference between male and female & Hindu and Muslim adolescents. Result shows that there is significant positive correlation between optimism and psychological well-being and there was insignificant difference between male and female adolescents on optimism and psychological well-being.
Level of Aspiration among Secondary School Teachers
Authors: Ms. Manisha
Published: May 2021

The present investigation was to find the level of aspiration among secondary school teachers. Survey method of investigation was employed. The findings of the study showed that there is a significant difference between male and female secondary school teachers in relation to their level of aspiration. Significant difference was obtained between rural and urban secondary school teachers in relation to their level of aspiration. Significant difference was also found between govt. and non-govt secondary school teachers in relation to their level of aspiration.
Work Commitment of Secondary School Teachers
Authors: S. Sunitha Swarnalatha
Published: May 2021

Teacher commitment is closely connected to teachers’ work performance and their ability to innovate and to integrate new ideas into their own practice, absenteeism, staff turnover, as well as having an important influence on students’ achievement in, and attitudes toward school. The present study reveals that majority of teachers had average work commitment levels. The study also reveals that females had better commitment than males. The commitment of experienced teachers was more. The math and science teachers had more commitment than other teachers.
The Study of Mental Health and Marital Adjustment of Single and Dual Employee Married Couples
Authors: Gaikwad Santosh Bhikaji  , Dr. Khalane Shashikant Hari
Published: May 2021

Aim: According to the world health organization, health means the person is not only free from any physical and psychological illness but (s)he should be fit socially too as well as no health without mental health. The present study aimed to investigate the level and difference of mental health and marital adjustment among single and dual employee married couples. Methods: This study was done on 300 married couples (150 single and 150 dual employees) through random sampling technique. Mithila Mental Health Status Inventory and Marriage Adjustment Inventory were used to collect data. Data were analyzed by using Mean, S.D, t-test and Pearson Correlation. Results: Result proves it no significant difference on mental health’s areas of egocentrism, alienation, and emotional un-stability but a significant difference in expression and social nonconformity, among single and dual employee married couples. Single employee married couple would have better marital adjustment than dual employee married couple. High-level positive correlation between mental health and marital adjustment among single and double employee married couples.
Change in Family Structure in the Modern Times
Authors: Himani Bhasin
Published: May 2021

In India, the land of culture and unity, culture and unity are well manifested in the structure of society, indeed in the smaller unit of a society i.e. family.

A family is a set of human beings related to each other in a non-professional manner, giving rise to a concrete cohesion within the family. Love, care, and affection are the most prominent human values, which are responsible for maintaining these bonds of relationships within a family.

Typically, a nuclear family may be conceived as a unit consisting of a couple, children, and grandparents, and pets. In India however, there exists a special kind of family structure that really is quite vivid in the way it manages to handle and keep intact the human relations. This special kind of family structure is Joint Family System. A joint family is a collection of more than one, nuclear families that are interconnected by blood relations or marital relations. All the members, regardless of which particular nuclear family (within that joint family) they belong to, live together and share happiness, grief, and virtually every kind of problem and joy together. The joint family in itself simulates a typical view of our multi-cultural, multi-lingual, yet tightly intertwined Indian society. Indian president replies to a question related to spiritual strengths of India as:
Academic Achievement of Secondary School Students In Relation To Their Problem Solving Ability and Examination Anxiety
Authors: Ms. Preeti Bala  , Ms. Kausar Quraish Shaafiu
Published: May 2021

With special reference to Maldives the secondary school student’s academic achievement is studied in the present study in relation to their problem solving ability and examination anxiety. In the present study descriptive survey method was used to obtain pertinent and precise information. The objectives of the study were to explore the relationship between academic achievement and examination anxiety and the relationship between academic achievement and problem solving ability. Study also evaluated the difference of female and male student’s academic achievement, problem solving ability and examination anxiety. The sample of the study consists of 200 secondary school students of Maldives. 100 males and 100 females were randomly selected to participate in the study. Two standardized questionnaire and previous years mark sheet of the participants collected as data for the research. Examination Anxiety scale and Problem Solving Ability scale were administered on 10 different secondary schools of Maldives. The study concluded that there exists no significant difference between male and female students in academic achievement, problem solving ability and examination anxiety. The study also revealed that there exists a positive correlation between academic achievement and problem solving ability and also showed that there exists a negative correlation between examination anxiety and academic achievement.
Building Socio-Moral Behaviour in Romanian Middle-School Education
Authors: Lupu Costică
Published: May 2021

Moral and civic education is complex and achieved in time. Students are active subjects of society involved in community life by means of their families, groups of friends but also specific relationships they have with various institutions. Moral development theories are elements that support the illustration and translation of the educational space into the form of skills, moral habits, positive character traits expressed at the level of the school population. Our research demonstrates the importance of using moral and civic education strategies consistent with the curriculum objectives and content, to contribute to the formation of character traits and socio-moral behaviour of students.  The theme was researched during the 2015-2016 school year at “G. M. Cancicov” Middle School Bacău and involved the support of 4 headmasters of 6th-grade classes, together with 2 teachers of Civic Culture and Religion teaching at these classes. The research group consisted of 90 students, aged 12-13, of whom 45 are girls and 45 boys. There were applied initial evaluation, formative evaluation and final evaluation tests. Comparing the results from the initial and final evaluations it was found that the students’ situation has improved, most students have translated into practice the theoretical elements accumulated,  they built a sense of will and character, as well as moral feelings (friendship, comradeship, respect, etc). From the observations made in various situations it was found that all students have acquired certain moral norms, theoretical aspects were put into practice to a higher degree, students showed more respect towards older, vulnerable people and others, became more polite, with attitudes of openness towards others, regarding punctuality, sincerity and other features as compulsory character traits.
A Study of Emotional Intelligence, Experienced Bullying and Psychological Well-Being among Secondary School Students from Boarding Schools
Authors: Neha Kulkarni  , Dr Sairaj Patki
Published: May 2021

The research was conducted to study the differences between male and female Secondary school students on the aspects of emotional intelligence, psychological Well-being and experienced bullying from boarding schools. The sample was collected from two boarding schools. The sample size was 84, with 47 male students and 37 female students .The students selected had studied in the particular school for a minimum period of three years. The tools selected for data collection were Emotional Intelligence Test by Ekta Sharma, Psychological well-being index by Harold Dupuy and Multidimensional peer victimization scale by Stephen Joseph. The scores for central tendency were obtained by calculating mean, SD, skewness and kurtosis. The scores were not normally distributed. No significant gender differences were observed. Emotional intelligence was found to be positively correlated with psychological well-being and Experienced Bullying was found to be negatively correlated with well-being.
Depression, Anxiety, Stress among College Students in Bagalkot: A College Based Study
Authors: Narayan R Mutalik  , Shankar Moni  , S B Choudhari  , Govind S Bhogale
Published: May 2021

Background: Psychological distress such as stress, anxiety and depression are frequent among students which can affect their academic performance, physical health and psychosocial well-being. Objective: Aim was to assess the symptoms of depression, anxiety, stress among undergraduate students studying in a govt. degree college, Bagalkot. A total of 133 undergraduate students from Govt. First Grade Colloge, Bagalkot, were included based on universal sampling method. Questionnaires based study was conducted using the Depression Anxiety, Stress Scale (DASS-21) and General health questionnaire (GHQ-28) for assessing the severity of Depression, Anxiety, Stress and emotional distress among students  respectively. Result: Level of anxiety was more than depression followed by stress based on DASS 21. It has a high internal consistency and a useful instrument to measure the psychological wellbeing of degree students in Bagalkot. Based on GHQ, females had significant emotional distress as compared to males. Conclusion: Results indicate high grade of depression, anxiety and stress among undergraduate students. This indicates the amount of burden students have to bear in current scenario. Early interventions are needed to improve the quality of life and reduce the stress among student.
Psychological Well-being among Doctors and Nurses: A Comparative Study
Authors: Madhuchandra, M. K.  , Srimathi, N. L
Published: May 2021

The present study examines the level of psychological well being among doctors and nurses. A total of 600 (doctors-300, nurses-300) samples were selected randomly from Bangalore City. Information was collected from using an instrument developed by Carol, D, Ryff’s Medium Form of Psychological Well Being Scale (PWBS). Results of the study revealed that doctors and nurses working in Bangalore City did not show significance differences in overall psychological wellbeing. However they showed significance differences in the domains of autonomy and environmental mastery. Whereas nurses score higher on autonomy and environmental mastery compare to doctors. Gender wise comparisons on over all psychological wellbeing did not show significance differences. However male and female differ only in the domain of personal growth, male respondents scored higher on Personal growth has compare to female respondent.
A qualidade da sistematização da assistênca em enfemagem em um hospital público de Teresina
Authors: Bezerra Leila Mariane Machado Torres , Lima Lorena Gomes de Abreu , Lemos Nájila Aguiar Freitas , Cruz Francisca Maria Pereira da , Brito Sara Ferreira Lobato de , Gouveia Guilherme Pertinni de Morais , Carvalho Gabriela Dantas , Carvalho Rayssa Maria de Araujo , Santiago Renata Fortes , Santiago Roberta Fortes
Published: May 2021

Objetivo: Analisar a aplicabilidade da SAE em um hospital de grande porte de Teresina. Métodos: Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória, quantitativo, realizado em um hospital público de Teresina-PI. Foram aplicados questionários estruturados aos enfermeiros, seguido da análise dos prontuários, sob aprovação do Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa com Seres Humanos do Centro Universitário UNIFACID (2.271.299). Todos os participantes assinaram o Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido (TCLE) e para a análise dos prontuários foi assinado o Termo de Consentimento do Uso dos Dados (TCUD). Os dados analisados pelo programa SPSS, e empregado o teste de tendência linear. Foram considerados significantes valores de p<0,05. Resultados: Houve predominância de profissionais do gênero feminino (76,7%, n=23), especializadas (80%, n=24), com menos de 5 anos de experiência profissional (36,7%, n=11). Estes profissionais mostraram ter conhecimento sobre a SAE (73%, n=22), no entanto, quando analisados o preenchimento das mesmas nos prontuários das clínicas médica, ortopédica e cirúrgica obtiveram avaliação ruim, mostrando não preencherem completamente (63,3%, n=19) com ênfase nas clínicas ortopédica e cirúrgica, respectivamente. Conclusão: Constatou-se que a SAE ainda se encontra em fase de implantação no hospital pesquisado e ocorre de forma bastante fragmentada em todos setores investigados.
Neuroangiography patterns and anomalies of middle cerebral artery: A systematic review
Authors: Fauzi Asra Al , Aji Yunus Kuntawi , Gunawan Rudy , Suroto Nur Setiawan
Published: May 2021

Background:

As the largest and most complex cerebral artery, the middle cerebral artery (MCA) patterns and anomalies are not fully reported. At present, there is confusion about the criteria for the different subtypes. The study of MCA patterns and anomalies is important because variants such as accessories or duplicates represent a high risk of failure during endovascular embolization or navigation during treatment for ischemic stroke. This study conducted a systematic review of studies on the neuroangiography patterns and anomalies of MCA.

Methods:

We conducted a systematic review of four articles online databases and included English articles from PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Directory of Open Access Journals, and EBSCOhost.

Results:

The proportion of the MCA branching pattern was 1.9% (range from 0% to 6.3%) for monofurcation, 1.0% (range from 0% to 1.4%) for tetrafurcation, 69.9% (range from 58.1% to 92.7%) for bifurcation, and 27% (ranging from 7.3% to 40.4%) for trifurcation. The proportion of MCA anomalies for accessory is 0.03% (range from 0% to 1%), duplication is 0.17% (range from 0% to 3%), and fenestration is 0.15% (range from 0% to 2%).

Conclusion:

The proportions of the branching pattern and anomalies of MCA based on the systematic review are described in this study. This study is the first to systematically review the neuroangiography pattern of MCA and neuroangiography variations/anomalies of MCA in the literature.
Realistic Painting of the 20th Century China in the Context of Cultural Visualization
Authors: Gultyaeva Galina S.
Published: May 2021

This article examines the phenomenon of Chinese realism, as well as the prerequisites and factors that influenced the processes of reception in modern Chinese art. At the beginning of the 20th century, under the influence of Western academic realism and the artistic system of social realism, a new direction and artistic method was formed — realism, which became mainstream in the art of China of the mid-20th century. According to its aesthetic and ideological motifs, Chinese realism is an object of social realism reception, which was determined by cultural and historical factors, and the development of political, economic and cultural ties with the USSR. Studying the realistic painting, which reflects the atmosphere of the era, the worldview, and the dialogue of cultures, is relevant for both Chinese and Russian contemporary art studies. The article examines the role of realism in the development of Chinese art culture of the 20th century, including its socio-political components, as well as the dynamics of artistic and expressive means and the iconographic system in the context of the historical and cultural situation. In the 1980s and 1990s, as a result of the liberalization of economic and political life, the artistic consciousness formed new concepts of realistic painting — neorealism and cynical realism, associated with a critical rethinking of the historical heritage. The neorealism and cynical realism, which would significantly enrich realistic painting with new forms and content, adopted Western postmodern concepts of pop art, and debunked, in a grotesque and satirical form, the political stereotypes of the past. The analysis of realistic painting of the 1990s demonstrates how the transformation of past painting canons reflects the desire of society to free itself from the pressure of totalitarian ideology and to rethink the value orientations of the previous era.

The novelty of this study lies in the fact that it applies a systematic and holistic approach to the analysis of realism in Chinese painting, reveals the diversity of its forms and directions, and gives ground for the specifics of its evolution in the context of the artistic culture of the 20th century China. There are almost no comprehensive studies of this issue in modern art history, so this work is an attempt to create a scientific approach to the study of this artistic phenomenon and the formation of ideas about how the artistic consciousness of an entire epoch was changing.
Children’s Books of the Great Patriotic War Period Stored in the Book Museum of the Russian State Library
Authors: Vishnyakova Yulia I.
Published: May 2021

The article endeavors to reconstruct and present a collection of children’s books published during the Great Patriotic War, stored in the Rare Books Department (Book Museum) of the Russian State Library. The term “collection” in this case is conditional, since children’s books of that period were not acquired specifically and are not stored as a separate independent collection. They belong to the three collections — Illustrated Children’s Books, Serial Publications, and A.K. Tarasenkov’s Collection. Such storage of books of the same subject in different collections has its own specifics.

The conducted research considered books published strictly in 1941—1945. Both edge years — 1941 and 1945 — are presented in full, since the war, its premonition, beginning, end, and the features of life in the post-war months, had left their mark on the themes and design of both pre-war and post-war books.

On the occasion of the 70th and 75th anniversary of the Victory, in May 2015 and June 2020, the Book Museum of the Russian State Library held two mini-exhibitions dedicated to children’s books of the Great Patriotic War period. The exhibitions introduced visitors to the publications of 1941—1945, as well as to literary works that had been published in the post-war period but written during the war, hot on the traces of the heroic events. Still, the books presented at the mini-exhibitions do not exhaust the entire volume of publications of that period stored in the Book Museum.

The Rare Books Department has identified 204 items that can be combined in a thematic collection called “Children’s Books of the Great Patriotic War Period”. Due to some peculiarities inherent in this collection, we cannot draw any conclusions about the repertoire of children’s books of the war period in general, but we can picture the repertoire, geography and circulation in relation to fiction for children.
Polyphenols and terpenes in Mediterranean plants: an overview of their roles and possible applications
Authors: Pasquini Dalila , Detti Cassandra , Ferrini Francesco , Brunetti Cecilia , Gori Antonella
Published: May 2021

The Mediterranean basin represents one of the key hotspots in terms of biodiversity and endemic floristic richness in the world (i.e., a reservoir of plant biodiversity). With ongoing climate change, the Mediterranean vegetation is increasingly exposed to different sources of environmental stresses, such as drought, heat, and solar irradiance. To cope with these severe abiotic stresses, beside morpho-anatomical traits, Mediterranean endemic species enhance the production of secondary metabolites, especially terpenes and polyphenols. These compounds have different roles in plants. Terpene and polyphenol compounds play a key antioxidant function (quenching Reactive Oxygen Species) thus improving ozone and drought tolerance, while also acting as pollinator attractors and repellents for dangerous herbivorous insects (contributing to the taste and odour of different plant tissues). In addition to their roles in plants, these bioactive compounds provide multiple health-promoting benefits for humans. Indeed, they can be used in different types of industries, such as pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, green (as supplements to fossil fuel and insecticides) and cosmetic industries. In conclusion, these compounds may be considered as key innovative components in different technological domains
Cytokinin-like effects of chitosan on in vitro culture of Origanum vulgare L.
Authors: Premi Noor , Acemi Arda , Ozen Fazil
Published: May 2021

Oregano (Origanum vulgare L.) is a multi-purpose plant species with medicinal, culinary, and ornamental merit, which needs to be produced at an industrial scale. In the present research, effects of N-acetylated (10%) chitosan (CHT), 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), and kinetin (KIN) on in vitro seed germination and shoot development in O. vulgare were studied in a concentration-dependent manner. The seed germination and shoot induction rates were mostly enhanced after CHT and KIN treatments, while BAP treatments reduced the rates. The chitosan treatment significantly triggered leaf production and shoot elongation better than the cytokinin treatments. The maximum shoot length (4.38±0.17 cm) and leaf number (17.71±0.69 leaves per shoot) were reached after chitosan treatment at 0.75 mg L-1, while shoot numbers were reduced after all chitosan and cytokinin treatments at low levels. However, shoot production was significantly enhanced in the presence of 2.0 and 4.0 mg L-1 KIN in the medium. Adventitious rooting without using auxins also occurred during the incubation period. The cluster analysis showed that the effects of 0.50 and 0.75 mg L-1 CHT treatments were better than BAP and KIN in stimulating shoot growth and leaf development in oregano. This study suggested that CHT might be used as a substitute for synthetic cytokinins to produce longer shoots and a high number of leaves in oregano propagation. Therefore, CHT might play a cytokinin-like role in plant tissue cultures. However, the effects of chitosan treatment might differ among species and according to its chemical structure
Natural biostimulants as upscale substitutes to synthetic hormones for boosting tomato yield and fruits quality
Authors: Rouphael Yousseph , Formisano Luigi , Ciriello Michele , Cardarelli Maria Teresa , Luziatelli Francesca , Ruzzi Maurizio , Ficca Anna Grazia , Bonini Paolo , Colla Giuseppe
Published: May 2021

Natural biostimulants are one of the most promising and eco-sustainable technologies, which can improve the qualitative and productive attributes of horticultural crops. The positive effects of their application derive from their “signaling role” as elicitors of auxin- and gibberellin-like activity, thus constituting a valid alternative to synthetic hormones. Our research aimed to assess the efficacy of a plant extract (Heptamin®) and a bacterial culture filtrate (Capxium®), both rich in natural auxins, and of a synthetic auxin (Auxyger® LG) on the quantitative and qualitative performance, as well as on the economic returns of greenhouse table tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L. cv. Pitagora). The application of plant extract increased the marketable yield (+25.8%), firmness (+25.7%), and fruit lycopene content (+42.5%) compared to the untreated control. In particular, natural biostimulants outperformed synthetic auxin by inducing higher fruit weight (13.1%) and marketable yield (16.2%). On the other hand, no significant differences were recorded as a result of the treatments regarding total soluble solids, pH, and titratable acidity of the fruit juice. Our results suggest that plant biostimulants with auxin-like activity are an excellent tool for boosting tomato production and fruit quality in an eco-sustainable approach. Finally, economic analysis revealed that the application of natural biostimulants resulted in overall higher profitability
Câncer de mama e próstata no Brasil: análise epidemiológica / Breast cancer and prostate in Brazil: epidemiological analysis
Authors: Cesar Lindcy Maticolli , Faccin Lucas Boa Sorte , Martinez Maiana Gueretta , Dominato Angélica Augusta Grigoli
Published: May 2021

Introdução: O câncer está entre as principais doenças causadoras de morbimortalidade mundial relacionada com a idade, sendo mais comum entre pacientes com menos de 70 anos, e associado ao sexo com o câncer de mama feminino e de próstata para os homens. Objetivo: Traçar o perfil epidemiológicodos brasileiros acometidos pelo câncer próstata e de mama nas mulheres, comparar suas incidências e taxas de mortalidade nas macrorregiões do país. Metodologia: O estudo é descritivo do tipo ecológico com abordagem quantitativa dos dados da taxa de mortalidade, obtidos sobre o câncer de mama feminino e de próstata nas macrorregiões brasileiras, entre os anos de 2009 a 2018. Resultados: Os dados levantados mostraram que o total de óbitos entre mulheres nos anos do estudo foi de 5.315.155, sendo que 2,72% a foi causado pelo câncer de mama. Enquanto que, o número de óbitos entre os homens foi de 6.911.531, sendo 2,02% atribuídos ao câncer de próstata. Conclusão: Observou-se aumento da mortalidade de pacientes com câncer de mamae próstata no país ao longo do tempo do estudo, assim como aumento da taxa de mortalidade para ambos. Palavras chave: Câncer de mama, Câncer de próstata,Epidemiologia, Mortalidade, Incidência ABSTRACTIntroduction: Cancer is among the main diseases causing age-related morbidity and mortality worldwide, being more common among patients under 70 years, and associated with gender with breast cancer for women and prostatecancer for men. Objective: To trace the epidemiological profile of Brazilians affected by prostate and breast cancer in women, compare their incidence and mortality rates in the macro-regions of the country. Methodology: The study is descriptive of ecological type with quantitative approach of mortality rate data, obtained on female breast cancer and prostate cancer in Brazilian macro-regions, between the years 2009 to 2018. Results: The data surveyed showed that the total number of deaths among women in the years of the study was 5,315,155, 2.72% a was caused by breast cancer. Whereas, the number of deaths among men was 6,911,531, with 2.02% attributed to prostate cancer. Conclusion: We observed an increase in mortality of patients with breast and prostate cancer in the country over the time of the study, as well as an increase in the mortality rate for both.Keywords: Breast cancer, Prostate cancer, Epidemiology, Mortality, Incidence
Comparison of attitude towards Psychiatry as a speciality between undergraduate students and interns in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital
Authors: Venkatraman Natarajan  , Diwakar Thiagarajan  , Iniyan Selvamani  , Raman K
Published: May 2021

Nowadays, a declining interest in psychiatry as well in the professional arena is seen. This attitude is significant for Interns and an important study phase of medical UGs for extreme care of psychiatric patients. The aim was to study and compare the attitude of undergraduate students and medical interns towards psychiatry. It was a cross-sectional study done at Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Thandalam, Chennai, where a comparison between medical interns and undergraduate students weremade. The study sample consisted of about 100 interns and 200 medical undergraduates who gave their consent for this study. The Attitude towards psychiatry (ATP) questionnaire consisting of 30 questions was given and from the data collected, the mean scores were calculated and analyzed using the Student t-test by SPSS version20. The medical undergraduates exhibited a more positive attitude towards psychiatry than interns (P-value estimated was 0.001). However, only 15% of interns and 7% of medical undergraduates strongly agreed and wanted to pursue psychiatry as their profession. Interns showing negative attitude in psychiatry may be due to strange stereotypic remarks made by peers, existing stigma towards psychiatry, less clinical rotations and less hours of teaching during the undergraduate days.
Anthropogenic warming forces extreme annual glacier mass loss
Authors: Vargo Lauren , Anderson Brian , Dadić R , Horgan Huw , Mackintosh AN , King AD , Lorrey AM
Published: May 2021

Glaciers are unique indicators of climate change. While recent global-scale glacier decline has been attributed to anthropogenic forcing, direct links between human-induced climate warming and extreme glacier mass-loss years have not been documented. Here we apply event attribution methods to document this at the regional scale, targeting the highest mass-loss years (2011 and 2018) across New Zealand’s Southern Alps. Glacier mass balance is simulated using temperature and precipitation from multiple climate model ensembles. We estimate extreme mass loss was at least six times (2011) and ten times (2018) (>90% confidence) more likely to occur with anthropogenic forcing than without. This increased likelihood is driven by present-day temperatures ~1.0 °C above the pre-industrial average, confirming a connection between anthropogenic emissions and high annual ice loss. These results suggest that as warming and extreme heat events continue and intensify, there will be an increasingly visible human fingerprint on extreme glacier mass-loss years in the coming decades.
Matemática na comunidade: um contexto educativo para a aprendizagem social
Authors: Giusti Neura Maria De Rossi , Groenwald Claudia Lisete Oliveira
Published: May 2021

Este artigo traz um recorte de uma pesquisa desenvolvida no município de Vacaria, no estado do Rio Grande do Sul, onde investigou-se a integração e divulgação de conhecimentos matemáticos na comunidade, a partir de um contexto educativo para a socialização de tais conhecimentos do currículo da Educação Básica, tendo em vista a aprendizagem social e o despertar do interesse dos jovens para uma carreira acadêmica relacionada as áreas de Ciências, Tecnologia, Engenharia e Matemática. A abordagem qualitativa de investigação-ação utilizou entrevistas dirigidas à comunidade participante, registros fotográficos com as resoluções das tarefas. As análises permeiam a Base Nacional Comum Curricular e as Demandas Cognitivas na escolha das tarefas. As diferentes formas de aprender a aprender Matemática, a mobilização, o interesse, o compartilhamento dos conhecimentos foi verificado; as diferentes formas de resoluções e de raciocínio matemático empregado perante as tarefas apresentadas. As evidências apontam que os conhecimentos que envolvem a Matemática Financeira estão muito presentes nas atividades sociais e profissionais da comunidade como um exercício de memória empregando algoritmos de Aritmética, porém, os conhecimentos relacionados ao desenvolvimento do pensamento algébrico ofereceram alguns empecilhos na compreensão da simbologia algébrica e, ainda, destacamos a importância da escola sobre o desenvolvimento de competências básicas.
Arrays of solid contact potentiometric sensors for separate determination of some cephalosporin antibiotics
Authors: Kulapina E. G. , Dubasova A. E. , Kulapina O. I. , Ankina V. D.
Published: May 2021

Arrays of potentiometric sensors including developed solid-contact unmodified and modified sensors based on tetradecylammonium associates with complex compounds of silver (1) and some β-lactam antibiotics (cefazoline, cefuroxime, cefotaxime (n = 3 – 6)) are proposed; polyaniline and copper oxide being modifiers. The main electroanalytic properties of the sensors are determined (the range of the determined concentrations in antibiotic solutions 1 × 10–4 – 0.1 M, 46.3 < S < 48, Cmin = n × 10–5 М, response time 4 – 10 sec, potential drift 4 – 6 mV/day, service life — 2 months). It is shown that modification of the membrane surfaces brings the steepness of the electrode functions to Nernst-values for single-charged ions of the antibiotics under study; reduces the response time and the detection limits, the linearity intervals of the electrode functions being the same. The potentiometric selectivity coefficients of unmodified and modified sensors based on different electrode active components (EAC) to the studied cephalosporins in the presence of interfering antibiotics are close to unity; cross sensitivity parameters for the considered sensors (the average slope of the electrode function of the sensor Sav, the unselectivity factor F, and the reproducibility factor K) are 46.3 < S (mV/pC) < 48; 0.85 < F < 0.90; 144 < K < 170, respectively. Application of sensors in the multisensory analysis of model mixtures of cephalosporin antibiotics is shown. Method of artificial neural networks (ANN) is used for processing of analytical signals. The correctness of the determination is carried out using «spike tests» on the reference model mixtures (the relative error of the determination does not exceed 12 %).
Numerical study of the crack growth variability under irregular loading
Authors: Gadolina I. V. , Voronkov R. V.
Published: May 2021

Estimation of the scatter of the durability at the second stage of fatigue, namely at the stage of crack propagation is a problem of scientific and obvious practical importance: machines operate according to their technical condition, which means monitoring of the actual crack length during their service life. The limits of the spread of the strength values at the stage of crack propagation in aluminum samples are studied using published data and a previously developed model. In view of the great importance of this problem, a special simulation model was used to generate the extrema of a random sequence based on target Markov matrices. On the one hand, this simulation method guarantees the characteristic traits of real sequence in exploitation (TWIST standard in this example). On the other hand, it contains reasonable randomness — these two parts together provide an opportunity to study the variability of the crack growth rate. For the simulation experiment, literature data on aluminum and steel samples were used along with popular fatigue crack growth models (Paris, Foreman and Willenborg models). In addition, the Miner’s summation rule was quantitatively tested to estimate the crack growth resistance coefficient under various loads. The agreement with the literature experimental data is shown. Preliminary data on the effect of the type of loading (random or block) on the durability are given on the basis of scientific literature data. The proposed simulation method can be useful for testing various models. It is also intended to develop an experimental design for laboratory testing in the future.
Interseccionalidad raza-género en las noticias digitales mexicanas sobre Kamala Harris
Authors: Álvarez-Monsiváis Edrei
Published: May 2021

El presente estudio tiene como objetivo analizar la información noticiosa que apareció en sitios web mexicanos sobre la campaña de Kamala Harris para obtener la vicepresidencia de Estados Unidos. Para ello, se realizó un análisis de contenido de a) actores que aparecieron en la información, b) temáticas cubiertas, c) identificación racial de la candidata y d) la presencia de encuadres políticos y personales. Se seleccionaron N=329 noticias provenientes de 10 sitios web de diarios tradicionales y 10 sitios web de medios nativos digitales. Se detectó que, en términos generales, las noticias se enfocaron en encuadres y temas políticos de la candidata, un comportamiento que resultó más contundente en las notas publicadas en medios nativos digitales que en las de los tradicionales. No obstante, el estudio concluye que la cobertura de Harris estuvo basada de manera importante en su interseccionalidad raza-género y en sus vínculos políticos con otros hombres.
Ecobrick Sebagai Solusi Penanggulangan Sampah Non-Organik Rumah Tangga di Lingkungan Sayo Baru
Authors: Nuruzzaman Wisnu Pratama , Marianti Marianti , Zain Agisniati , Putri Desi Rosmaya , Amara Mitha , Sukerta I Made , Heryanto Vira , Prihatini Putri Jauhar , Swiswidayati Rr. Devi Delima , Rokhmat Joni
Published: May 2021

Tujuan dari diadakannnya program kerja “Ecobrick” ini adalah untuk mengedukasi masyarakat bagaimana cara mengelola sampah di Lingkungan Sayo Baru. Permasalahan sampah (khususnya sampah anorganik) sampai saat ini menjadi masalah yang sangat krusial di masyarakat. Jika permasalahan terkait sampah di lingkungan tersebut tidak segera ditangani, maka banjir yang kerap kali terjadi di beberapa tempat di lingkungan Sayo Baru  tidak dapat teratasi, selain banjir sampah non organik yang berserakan juga mengurangi keindahan lingkungan Sayo Baru. Maka dari itu kami dari tim KKN Tematik Universitas Mataram mengajak masyarakat untuk lebih peduli lagi dalam hal bagaimana cara mengelola sampah non organik menjadi benda yang lebih bermanfaat. Dengan adanya program kerja ini, Mahasiswa KKN Tematik Universitas Mataram dapat membantu mengedukasi masyarakat tentang pentingnya mengelola sampah, mulai dari melakukan sosialisasi langsung di balai lingkungan dan pembagian brosur kepada masyarakat dan tentunya dapat mengurangi jumlah sampah harian di Lingkungan Sayo Baru, sehingga animo masyarakat untuk lebih peduli terhadap lingkungan dari sampah anorganik menjadi lebih tinggi. Adapun hasil dari kegiatan ini adalah terciptanya tempat sampah dari sampah non organik serta masyarakat sekitar merespon dengan baik karena mereka tidak bingung untuk membuang sampah rumahan yang ada.
DEVELOPMENT OF CASH WAQF BENEFITS SYNERGY FOUNDATION IN THE ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT OF THE UMMAT
Authors: Effendi Mamat Rachmat
Published: May 2021

This paper discusses the development of cash waqf benefits which is directed at empowering the community's economy carried out by the synergy foundation in West Java. Cash waqf as one of the shari'ah financial instruments should be able to provide added value usefulness and a multifier effect in reviving the community's economy. The aim is to map the quality of institutions in managing the benefits of cash waqf for the economic empowerment of the people. The approach used is case studies with qualitative methods, the data were analyzed descriptively with a phenomenological naturalistic paradigm which emphasizes the nature of social reality and studies what appears in society. The results obtained in the field Sinergi Foundation have carried out professional, transparent and accountable, financial management using the accounting standard for zakat PSAK 109. The financial reports are audited by an independent public accountant and the results are Unqualified (WTP).
An Overview of Knowledge Levels about Organ Topography and Structure among Grade IV Medical Students
Authors: Yuniarti Yuniarti , Perdana Rizki , Putra Ariko Rahmat , Yulianto Fajar Awalia , Wijaya Muhammad Agie Najibullah , Darmawan Wendy
Published: May 2021

One of the competencies the students of the graduate medical education is to apply the basic principles of the science of biomedicine, epidemiology, clinical, and behavior in the practice of medicine. Anatomy is one of the biomedicine sciences learned in medical education, including learning about the body's structure and organ topography. This research aims to describe the organ's structure and topography knowledge among the faculty of medicine students. This survey with 88 students was conducted in a faculty of medicine in Bandung city from October to December 2018 using a random sampling method. Statistical analysis using frequency distribution, percentage proportions, and Wald's statistics in the 95% confidence interval. The instrument for validity analysis is Pearsons's correlation, and the instrument for reliability analysis is Kappa's percent agreement. The results showed the average level of knowledge on organ structure and topography. It shows anatomical teaching and learning about the organ's structure, and the topography still needs to be optimized. GAMBARAN TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN TENTANG STRUKTUR DAN TOPOGRAFI ORGAN PADA MAHASISWA TINGKAT IV KEDOKTERANSalah satu kompetensi lulusan mahasiswa pendidikan kedokteran adalah mampu mengaplikasikan prinsip ilmu dasar biomedik, epidemiologi, klinis, dan perilaku dalam praktik profesi kedokteran. Anatomi merupakan salah satu ilmu biomedik dalam pendidikan kedokteran yang mempelajari struktur dan topografi organ. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui tingkat pengetahuan mahasiswa tingkat IV fakultas kedokteran mengenai struktur dan topografi organ. Survei terhadap 88 mahasiswa ini dilaksanakan di sebuah fakultas kedokteran di Kota Bandung dari bulan Oktober hingga Desember 2018 menggunakan metode random sampling. Analisis statistik menggunakan distribusi frekuensi, persentase proporsi, dan Wald’s statistic dalam 95% interval kepercayaan. Analisis validitas menggunakan Pearson’s correlation, sedangkan analisis reliabilitas menggunakan Kappa’s percent agreement. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingkat pengetahuan rerata tentang struktur organ dan topografi dalam kategori cukup. Hal ini menunjukkan pembelajaran anatomi tentang struktur organ dan topografi masih perlu dioptimalkan.
Scoping Review: Efek Debu terhadap Fungsi Paru Pekerja
Authors: Maradjabessy Faldy Almatsir , Yuniarti Yuniarti , Adji Hidayat Wahyu
Published: May 2021

Debu merupakan partikel kecil dengan diameter berukuran <100 µm yang merupakan salah satu faktor risiko penyakit sistem pernapasan. Gangguan sistem pernapasan yang dipengaruhi oleh debu, seperti gangguan pernapasan akut dan pernapasan kronis yaitu gangguan fungsi paru baik obstruktif maupun restriktif. Gangguan fungsi paru terkait dengan pekerjaan adalah masalah kesehatan umum dan salah satu penyebab keterbatasan pada pekerja. Tujuan Scoping review ini adalah mengetahui efek debu terhadap penurunan fungsi paru dan jenis debu yang mempengaruhi penurunan fungsi paru berdasar atas artikel penelitian pada jurnal 10 tahun terakhir pada database Pubmed dan Springer Link. Metode penelitian dilakukan dengan mengumpulkan data penelitian 10 tahun terakhir mengenai efek debu terhadap fungsi paru pekerja, sebanyak 3.883 artikel telah disaring berdasar atas kriteria inklusi menjadi sebanyak 166 artikel, kemudian kriteria eksklusi yang memenuhi kriteria kelayakan melalui PICOS dan artikel duplikasi sebanyak 31 artikel disajikan dalam diagram PRISMA. Hasil Scoping review terdapat 26 jurnal yang menyebutkan debu mempengaruhi penurunan fungsi paru dan terdapat 5 artikel yang menyatakan tidak memengaruhi penurunan fungsi paru. Debu memengaruhi fungsi paru disebabkan oleh tingkat pajanan yang tinggi,  durasi pajanan yang kronis, dan ukuran partikel debu yang respirable. Scoping Review: Effect of Dust on Workers' Lung FunctionDust is a small particle is a small particle with a diameter <100 µm which is a risk factor for respiratory system diseases. One of the respiratory system diseases that affected by dust is pulmonary function disorders, both obstructive and restrictive. Work-related pulmonary dyfunction is a common health problem in the worker environment and one of the causes of worker limitation. The purpose of this scoping review is to determine the effect of dust on decreased lung function and the type of dust that affect lung function decline based in research articles from Pubmed and Springer link databases in the last 10 years. The research method was carried out by collecting data from the research data of the last 10 years regarding the effect of dust on worker’s lung function, 3,883 articles were filtered based on the inclusion criteria into 166 articles, then the exclusion criteria that met the eligibility criteria through PICOS and duplicated article were 31 articles, presented in the PRISMA diagram. The results of this scoping review contained 26 articles which stated that dust affected the decline in lung function and there were 5 articles that stated dust did not affect the decline in lung function. Dust affect lung function due to high exposure levels, duration of chronic exposure and the size of dust which is respirable dust.