bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dual pathways of tRNA hydroxylation ensure efficient translation by expanding decoding capability
Authors: Sakai Yusuke , Kimura Satoshi , Suzuki Tsutomu
Published: June 2019

In bacterial tRNAs, 5-carboxymethoxyuridine (cmo5U) and its derivatives at the first position of the anticodon facilitate non-Watson–Crick base pairing with guanosine and pyrimidines at the third positions of codons, thereby expanding decoding capabilities. However, their biogenesis and physiological roles remained to be investigated. Using reverse genetics and comparative genomics, we identify two factors responsible for 5-hydroxyuridine (ho5U) formation, which is the first step of the cmo5U synthesis: TrhP (formerly known as YegQ), a peptidase U32 family protein, is involved in prephenate-dependent ho5U formation; and TrhO (formerly known as YceA), a rhodanese family protein, catalyzes oxygen-dependent ho5U formation and bypasses cmo5U biogenesis in a subset of tRNAs under aerobic conditions. E. coli strains lacking both trhP and trhO exhibit a temperature-sensitive phenotype, and decode codons ending in G (GCG and UCG) less efficiently than the wild-type strain. These findings confirm that tRNA hydroxylation ensures efficient decoding during protein synthesis.
Crystal structure of an adenovirus virus-associated RNA
Authors: Hood Iris V. , Gordon Jackson M. , Bou-Nader Charles , Henderson Frances E. , Bahmanjah Soheila , Zhang Jinwei
Published: June 2019

Adenovirus Virus-Associated (VA) RNAs are the first discovered viral noncoding RNAs. By mimicking double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs), the exceptionally abundant, multifunctional VA RNAs sabotage host machineries that sense, transport, process, or edit dsRNAs. How VA-I suppresses PKR activation despite its strong dsRNA character, and inhibits the crucial antiviral kinase to promote viral translation, remains largely unknown. Here, we report a 2.7 Å crystal structure of VA-I RNA. The acutely bent VA-I features an unusually structured apical loop, a wobble-enriched, coaxially stacked apical and tetra-stems necessary and sufficient for PKR inhibition, and a central domain pseudoknot that resembles codon-anticodon interactions and prevents PKR activation by VA-I. These global and local structural features collectively define VA-I as an archetypal PKR inhibitor made of RNA. The study provides molecular insights into how viruses circumnavigate cellular rules of self vs non-self RNAs to not only escape, but further compromise host innate immunity.
Unusual 4H-phase twinned noble metal nanokites
Authors: Niu Wenxin , Liu Jiawei , Huang Jingtao , Chen Bo , He Qiyuan , Wang An-Liang , Lu Qipeng , Chen Ye , Yun Qinbai , Wang Jie , Li Cuiling , Huang Ying , Lai Zhuangchai , Fan Zhanxi , Wu Xue-Jun , Zhang Hua
Published: June 2019

Twinning commonly exists in noble metals. In recent years, it has attracted increasing interest as it is powerful to tune the physicochemical properties of metallic nanomaterials. To the best of our knowledge, all the reported twinned noble metal structures exclusively possess the close-packed {111} twinning plane. Here, we report the discovery of non-close-packed twinning planes in our synthesized Au nanokites. By using the bent Au nanoribbons with unique 4H/face-centered cubic)/4H crystal-phase heterostructures as templates, Au nanokites with unusual twinned 4H-phase structures have been synthesized, which possess the non-close-packed {10$$\bar 1$$

1

¯

2} or {10$$\bar 1$$

1

¯

6} twinning plane. By using the Au nanokites as templates, twinned 4H-phase Au@Ag and Au@PdAg core-shell nanostructures have been synthesized. The discovery of 4H-phase twinned noble metal nanostructures may pave a way for the preparation of metal nanomaterials with unique twinned structures for various promising applications.
Transcription factor YcjW controls the emergency H2S production in E. coli
Authors: Luhachack Lyly , Rasouly Aviram , Shamovsky Ilya , Nudler Evgeny
Published: June 2019

Prokaryotes and eukaryotes alike endogenously generate the gaseous molecule hydrogen sulfide (H2S). Bacterial H2S acts as a cytoprotectant against antibiotics-induced stress and promotes redox homeostasis. In E. coli, endogenous H2S production is primarily dependent on 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (3MST), encoded by mstA. Here, we show that cells lacking 3MST acquire a phenotypic suppressor mutation resulting in compensatory H2S production and tolerance to antibiotics and oxidative stress. Using whole genome sequencing, we identified a non-synonymous mutation within an uncharacterized LacI-type transcription factor, ycjW. We then mapped regulatory targets of YcjW and discovered it controls the expression of carbohydrate metabolic genes and thiosulfate sulfurtransferase PspE. Induction of pspE expression in the suppressor strain provides an alternative mechanism for H2S biosynthesis. Our results reveal a complex interaction between carbohydrate metabolism and H2S production in bacteria and the role, a hitherto uncharacterized transcription factor, YcjW, plays in linking the two.
Site-specific cleavage of bacterial MucD by secreted proteases mediates antibacterial resistance in Arabidopsis
Authors: Wang Yiming , Garrido-Oter Ruben , Wu Jingni , Winkelmüller Thomas M. , Agler Matthew , Colby Thomas , Nobori Tatsuya , Kemen Eric , Tsuda Kenichi
Published: June 2019

Plant innate immunity restricts growth of bacterial pathogens that threaten global food security. However, the mechanisms by which plant immunity suppresses bacterial growth remain enigmatic. Here we show that Arabidopsis thaliana secreted aspartic protease 1 and 2 (SAP1 and SAP2) cleave the evolutionarily conserved bacterial protein MucD to redundantly inhibit the growth of the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae. Antibacterial activity of SAP1 requires its protease activity in planta and in vitro. Plants overexpressing SAP1 exhibit enhanced MucD cleavage and resistance but incur no penalties in growth and reproduction, while sap1 sap2 double mutant plants exhibit compromised MucD cleavage and resistance against P. syringae. P. syringae lacking mucD shows compromised growth in planta and in vitro. Notably, growth of ΔmucD complemented with the non-cleavable MucDF106Y is not affected by SAP activity in planta and in vitro. Our findings identify the genetic factors and biochemical process underlying an antibacterial mechanism in plants.
Arbitrary waveform AC line filtering applicable to hundreds of volts based on aqueous electrochemical capacitors
Authors: Wu Mingmao , Chi Fengyao , Geng Hongya , Ma Hongyun , Zhang Miao , Gao Tiantian , Li Chun , Qu Liangti
Published: June 2019

Filtering capacitor is a necessary component in the modern electronic circuit. Traditional filtering capacitor is often limited by its bulky and rigid configuration and narrow workable scope of applications. Here, an aqueous hybrid electrochemical capacitor is developed for alternating current line filtering with an applicable wide frequency range from 1 to 10,000 Hz. This capacitor possesses an areal specific energy density of 438 μF V2 cm−2 at 120 Hz, which to the best of our knowledge is record high among aqueous electrochemical capacitors reported so far. It can convert arbitrary alternating current waveforms and even noises to straight signals. After integration of capacitor units, a workable voltage up to hundreds of volts (e.g., 200 V) could be achieved without sacrificing its filtering capability. The integrated features of wide frequency range and high workable voltage for this capacitor present promise for multi-scenario and applicable filtering capacitors of practical importance.
Creating fluorescent quantum defects in carbon nanotubes using hypochlorite and light
Authors: Lin Ching-Wei , Bachilo Sergei M. , Zheng Yu , Tsedev Uyanga , Huang Shengnan , Weisman R. Bruce , Belcher Angela M.
Published: June 2019

Covalent doping of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) can modify their optical properties, enabling applications as single-photon emitters and bio-imaging agents. We report here a simple, quick, and controllable method for preparing oxygen-doped SWCNTs with desirable emission spectra. Aqueous nanotube dispersions are treated at room temperature with NaClO (bleach) and then UV-irradiated for less than one minute to achieve optimized O-doping. The doping efficiency is controlled by varying surfactant concentration and type, NaClO concentration, and irradiation dose. Photochemical action spectra indicate that doping involves reaction of SWCNT sidewalls with oxygen atoms formed by photolysis of ClO− ions. Variance spectroscopy of products reveals that most individual nanotubes in optimally treated samples show both pristine and doped emission. A continuous flow reactor is described that allows efficient preparation of milligram quantities of O-doped SWCNTs. Finally, we demonstrate a bio-imaging application that gives high contrast short-wavelength infrared fluorescence images of vasculature and lymphatic structures in mice injected with only ~100 ng of the doped nanotubes.
Author Correction: Coral carbon isotope sensitivity to growth rate and water depth with paleo-sea level implications
Authors: Linsley Braddock K. , Dunbar Robert B. , Dassié Emilie P. , Tangri Neil , Wu Henry C. , Brenner Logan D. , Wellington Gerard M.
Published: June 2019

The original version of the Source Data associated with this Article included an error, in which the ‘Fiji AB d13C-Suess’ data point and the ‘TNI2 d13C-Suess Effect’ data point for the year ‘1950.5’ where incorrectly omitted from the Figure 3 tab. The missing values are ‘−0.24’ and ‘−0.64’, respectively. The HTML has been updated to include a corrected version of Source Data.
Mathematical Analysis of a Modified Closed-Form Formula for Design a Uniform Leaky-Wave Antenna With Ultra-Low SLL
Authors: Kiani A. , Geran F. , Hashemi S. M. , Forooraghi K.
Published: June 2019

Straight long slots have high side-lobes in the far-field amplitude patterns, which reduces their use as high-performance antennas. To reduce these side-lobes, a long slot may be tapered to produce the desired radiation patterns. The theory of control of the aperture distribution to reduce side-lobes has been already reported in some works and well known for already some decades. It is, however, shown in this paper that it may not be good enough to achieve ultra-low side lobes. The theory to analyze and design tapered leaky-wave antennas is described in this paper. Since it is very challenging to achieve a mathematical equation in this regard, some parameters will be calculated using simulation in the first step and the shape of the antenna field is obtained based on these parameters. In the next step, a differential equation is derived for the first step parameters. The solution of this differential equation which is the main motivation of this paper will be expressed in three ways where each part is more accurate than the previous one. According to the measurement results, the structure has a side-lobe level more than −45 dB.
Principles and development of collagen-mediated tissue fusion induced by laser irradiation
Authors: Sasaki Shun , Ikeda Tetsuo , Okihara Shin-ichiro , Nishimura Shotaro , Nakadate Ryu , Saeki Hiroshi , Oki Eiji , Mori Masaki , Hashizume Makoto , Maehara Yoshihiko
Published: June 2019

The mechanism underlying tissue fusion mediated by laser irradiation remains unclear. We clarify the mechanisms underlying laser-mediated tissue fusion using a novel model. Microscopic examinations of morphological changes within the adventitia of a bovine carotid artery and a collagen sheet prepared from bovine dermis showed collagen fibril bundle loosening and collagen fibre swelling following heating at 46 °C. An incised bovine carotid artery covered with a collagen sheet to which pressure and laser heat of 40 °C–52 °C were applied created a structure that was pressure resistant to >300 mmHg. Microscopic analyses of the irradiation site showed collagen fibril interdigitation. Hence, low-temperature laser-mediated tissue fusion causes collagen fibril bundles to loosen and swell, and crimping causes the fibres to intertwine. As the temperature declines, the loosened and swollen fibrils and fibres tighten, and collagen fibre interdigitation is completed. This technology could be applied to fuse tissues during surgery.
Distribution of body mass index in children with different parental risk: Findings of a family-based cohort study in a West-Asian population
Authors: Cheraghi Leila , Amiri Parisa , Karimi Mehrdad , Mehrabi Yadollah , Azizi Fereidoun
Published: June 2019

Using quantile regression analysis, the current study, conducted within the framework of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS) aimed to assess the effects of parental risk clusters on different percentiles of Body Mass Index (BMI) distribution in children. Participants included 2296 school-aged children who had participated in the baseline assessment of the TLGS and were followed for an approximate duration of fifteen years. Parental socio-demographic, behavioral and clinical characteristics were considered to determine risk clusters. Comparing of the high- to the low-risk parental clusters showed that after adjusting for age in boys, BMI was significantly higher at the 75th (1.82, p = 03), 85th (1.78, p = 0.007) and 95th (1.66, p = 0.03) percentiles; and in girls it was significantly higher at the 25th (1.45, p = 0.003), 50th (1.05, p = 0.015), 95th (2.31, p = 0.018) and 97th (2.44, p = 0.006) percentiles in the high risk cluster. Our data indicate that during a long-term follow up, children with a high-risk family are more likely to have higher BMI, compared to their counterparts in low-risk families, a difference observed mainly at the upper percentiles of BMI distribution for both genders and at all ages, findings that should be considered for strategies aimed at preventing childhood obesity and its consequences.
Varroa destructor parasitism has a greater effect on proteome changes than the deformed wing virus and activates TGF-β signaling pathways
Authors: Erban Tomas , Sopko Bruno , Kadlikova Klara , Talacko Pavel , Harant Karel
Published: June 2019

Honeybee workers undergo metamorphosis in capped cells for approximately 13 days before adult emergence. During the same period,Varroamites prick the defenseless host many times. We sought to identify proteome differences between emergingVarroa-parasitized and parasite-free honeybees showing the presence or absence of clinical signs of deformed wing virus (DWV) in the capped cells. A label-free proteomic analysis utilizing nanoLC coupled with an Orbitrap Fusion Tribrid mass spectrometer provided a quantitative comparison of 2316 protein hits. Redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that the combination ofVarroaparasitism andDWVclinical signs caused proteome changes that occurred in the same direction as those ofVarroaalone and were approximately two-fold higher. Furthermore, proteome changes associated withDWVsigns alone were positioned aboveVarroain the RDA. Multiple markers indicate thatVarroaactivates TGF-β-induced pathways to suppress wound healing and the immune response and that the collective action of stressors intensifies these effects. Furthermore, we indicate JAK/STAT hyperactivation, p53-BCL-6 feedback loop disruption, Wnt pathway activation, Wnt/Hippo crosstalk disruption, and NF-κB and JAK/STAT signaling conflict in theVarroa–honeybee–DWVinteraction. These results illustrate the higher effect ofVarroathan ofDWVat the time of emergence. Markers for future research are provided.
Identification of cytotoxic markers in methamphetamine treated rat C6 astroglia-like cells
Authors: Badisa Ramesh B. , Wiley Chantel , Randell Kesa , Darling-Reed Selina F. , Latinwo Lekan M. , Agharahimi Maryam , Soliman Karam F. A. , Goodman Carl B.
Published: June 2019

Methamphetamine (METH) is a powerfully addictive psychostimulant that has a pronounced effect on the central nervous system (CNS). The present study aimed to assess METH toxicity in differentiated C6 astroglia-like cells through biochemical and toxicity markers with acute (1 h) and chronic (48 h) treatments. In the absence of external stimulants, cellular differentiation of neuronal morphology was achieved through reduced serum (2.5%) in the medium. The cells displayed branched neurite-like processes with extensive intercellular connections. Results indicated that acute METH treatment neither altered the cell morphology nor killed the cells, which echoed with lack of consequence on reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO) or inhibition of any cell cycle phases except induction of cytoplasmic vacuoles. On the other hand, chronic treatment at 1 mM or above destroyed the neurite-like processors and decreased the cell viability that paralleled with increased levels of ROS, lipid peroxidation and lactate, depletion in glutathione (GSH) level and inhibition at G0/G1 phase of cell cycle, leading to apoptosis. Pre-treatment of cells with N-acetyl cysteine (NAC, 2.5 mM for 1 h) followed by METH co-treatment for 48 h rescued the cells completely from toxicity by decreasing ROS through increased GSH. Our results provide evidence that increased ROS and GSH depletion underlie the cytotoxic effects of METH in the cells. Since loss in neurite connections and intracellular changes can lead to psychiatric illnesses in drug users, the evidence that we show in our study suggests that these are also contributing factors for psychiatric-illnesses in METH addicts.
Manassantin B shows antiviral activity against coxsackievirus B3 infection by activation of the STING/TBK-1/IRF3 signalling pathway
Authors: Song Jae-Hyoung , Ahn Jae-Hee , Kim Seong-Ryeol , Cho Sungchan , Hong Eun-Hye , Kwon Bo-Eun , Kim Dong-eun , Choi Miri , Choi Hwa-Jung , Cha Younggil , Chang Sun-Young , Ko Hyun-Jeong
Published: June 2019

Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) is an important human pathogen associated with the development of acute pancreatitis, myocarditis, and type 1 diabetes. Currently, no vaccines or antiviral therapeutics are approved for the prevention and treatment of CVB3 infection. We found that Saururus chinensis Baill extract showed critical antiviral activity against CVB3 infection in vitro. Further, manassantin B inhibited replication of CVB3 and suppressed CVB3 VP1 protein expression in vitro. Additionally, oral administration of manassantin B in mice attenuated CVB3 infection-associated symptoms by reducing systemic production of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines including TNF-α, IL-6, IFN-γ, CCL2, and CXCL-1. We found that the antiviral activity of manassantin B is associated with increased levels of mitochondrial ROS (mROS). Inhibition of mROS generation attenuated the antiviral activity of manassantin B in vitro. Interestingly, we found that manassantin B also induced cytosolic release of mitochondrial DNA based on cytochrome C oxidase DNA levels. We further confirmed that STING and IRF-3 expression and STING and TBK-1 phosphorylation were increased by manassantin B treatment in CVB3-infected cells. Collectively, these results suggest that manassantin B exerts antiviral activity against CVB3 through activation of the STING/TKB-1/IRF3 antiviral pathway and increased production of mROS.
Large-scale turbulence structures in a laboratory-scale boundary layer under steady and gusty wind inflows
Authors: Li W. J. , Zhang Y. , Yang B. , Su J. W. , Zhang Y. W. , Lu W. Z. , Shui Q. X. , Wu X. Y. , He Y. P. , Gu Z. L.
Published: June 2019

Experiments on turbulence structures and features of a wind field under steady inflow and gusty wind inflows were implemented in a straight-through wind tunnel. Streamwise and wall-normal velocity components were measured using a streamline constant temperature anemometer (streamline CTA). Power spectra analyses revealed the existence of very large-scale motions (VLSMs) under both steady and gusty wind inflows; but new gusty scale motions (GSMs) were revealed under only gusty wind inflows. The GSMs might originate from an ordered external driving force that forces hairpin packets to align coherently in groups with a length scale related to the gust inflow condition. The streamwise wavelength of VLSMs is independent of inflow conditions, while the turbulent energy of VLSMs is associated with the wall-normal height and local mean streamwise velocity. In particular, the streamwise wavelength of GSMs increases linearly with the average value and period of sinusoidal gusty wind inflows, and the turbulent energy of GSMs is sensitive to the wall-normal height and all characteristic parameters of gusty wind inflows, including the average value, amplitude and period. Considerable wall-normal airflows induced by gusty wind inflows were detected and these are negatively correlated with the variation in gusty streamwise velocity, and root mean square (RMS) values of the gusty wall-normal velocity tended to increase linearly with the average value and amplitude of gusty wind inflows.
Colorimetric detection of Ba2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ based on a multifunctionalized Au NP sensor
Authors: Qiu Jiaoyan , Li Zihou , Miao Lijing , Wang Hongsen , Zhang Yuenan , Wu Shasha , Zhang Yujie , Li Xing , Wu Aiguo
Published: June 2019

A colorimetric method for the detection of three kinds of ions in water with one kind of detection reagent was developed.
Colorimetric sensor assay for discrimination of proteins based on exonuclease I-triggered aggregation of DNA-functionalized gold nanoparticles
Authors: Jia Fangfang , Liu Qingyun , Wei Wei , Chen Zhengbo
Published: June 2019

A colorimetric sensor assay for discrimination of proteins based on exonuclease I-triggered aggregation of DNA-functionalized gold nanoparticles.
Enhanced drug internalization and therapeutic efficacy of PEGylated nanoparticles by one-step formulation with anti-mPEG bispecific antibody in intrinsic drug-resistant breast cancer
Authors: Cheng Yi-An , Chen I-Ju , Su Yu-Cheng , Cheng Kai-Wen , Lu Yun-Chi , Lin Wen-Wei , Hsieh Yuan-Chin , Kao Chien-Han , Chen Fang-Ming , Roffler Steve R. , Cheng Tian-Lu
Published: June 2019

One-step formulation of BsAb with PLD is a simple method to enhance tumor specificity, internalization and the anti-cancer activity.
A new insight into the reversal of multidrug resistance in cancer by nanodrugs
Authors: Jiang Huangyong , Guo Dongbo , Chen Dong , Wu Yan , Jin Xin , Zhu Xinyuan
Published: June 2019

This work offers novel mechanistic insights into MDR reversal by nanodrugs, and this process involves reducing the P-gp distribution ratio in the cell membrane through cellular internalization behavior rather than merely evading P-gp recognition.
Construction of a reconfigurable DNA nanocage for encapsulating a TMV disk
Authors: Zhang Tianran , Zeng Xiangzhi , Guan Shuwen , Li Xiumei , Qu Zhiyu , Qin Luyao , Hou Chunxi , Liu Junqiu
Published: June 2019

A new reconfigurable DNA nanocage based on a DNA origami method has been constructed to capture a tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) disk.
Transition-metal- and oxidant-free directed anodic C–H sulfonylation of N,N-disubstituted anilines with sulfinates
Authors: Wu Yan-Chen , Jiang Shuai-Shuai , Luo Shu-Zheng , Song Ren-Jie , Li Jin-Heng
Published: June 2019

A new, practical directed anodic C–H sulfonylation of N,N-disubstituted anilines with sodium sulfinates for producing o- or p-amino arylsulfones and diarylsulfones is described.
A FRET probe for the detection of alkylating agents
Authors: Tuo Wei , Bouquet Jaufret , Taran Frédéric , Le Gall Thierry
Published: June 2019

A fluorogenic FRET probe allows efficient detection of toxic alkylating agents through a self-immolative reaction.
Coordination compounds built up from MIICl2 and 3-cyanopyridine: double chains, single chains and isolated complexes
Authors: Heine Miriam , Fink Lothar , Schmidt Martin U.
Published: June 2019

Crystal structures of [MIICl2(3-CNpy)x], with M = Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn and x = 1, 2, were determined by X-ray powder diffraction. Surprisingly, 3-cyanopyridine coordinates monodentately only.
Lyophobic slippery surfaces on smooth/hierarchical structured substrates and investigations of their dynamic liquid repellency
Authors: Wang Nan , Tang Lingling , Cai Yingfeng , Xiong Dangsheng
Published: June 2019

First principle of preparing slippery lyophobicity was the low surface-free energy, and the dynamic wettability was related to the kinematic viscosity.
Optical band gap of cross-linked, curved, and radical polyaromatic hydrocarbons
Authors: Menon Angiras , Dreyer Jochen A. H. , Martin Jacob W. , Akroyd Jethro , Robertson John , Kraft Markus
Published: June 2019

The impact of cross-linking, curvature, and radical character on the optical band gap of polyaromatic hydrocarbons has been investigated.
The prediction of high-pressure volumetric properties of compressed liquids using the two states model
Authors: Jasiok Bernadeta , Postnikov Eugene B. , Chorążewski Mirosław
Published: June 2019

In this work, we argue that the volumetric properties of liquids require the consideration of two states associated with qualitatively different molecular packing properties when considering isothermal compression up to a GPa pressure region.
Aggregation enhancement of coronene molecules by seeding with alkali-metal ions
Authors: Bartolomei M. , Pirani F. , Marques J. M. C.
Published: June 2019

A global optimization study of alkali-metal ions surrounded by coronene molecules indicates that the resulting clusters may contribute to the enhancement of soot formation.
DFT and spatial confinement: a benchmark study on the structural and electrical properties of hydrogen bonded complexes
Authors: Kozłowska Justyna , Lipkowski Paweł , Roztoczyńska Agnieszka , Bartkowiak Wojciech
Published: June 2019

A set of 37 exchange correlation functionals, representing different DFT approximations, was evaluated on a difficult playground represented by the L&NLO properties as well as structural parameters of the spatially confined hydrogen bonded dimers.
Ultrafast probes at the interfaces of solar energy conversion materials
Authors: Chen Xihan , Wang Kang , Beard Matthew C.
Published: June 2019

Transient reflection, photoreflectance and attenuated total reflection spectroscopy are developed to understand the ultrafast interfacial dynamics of solar conversion materials.
fs–ps Exciton dynamics in a stretched tetraphenylsquaraine polymer
Authors: Schreck Maximilian H. , Breitschwerdt Lena , Marciniak Henning , Holzapfel Marco , Schmidt David , Würthner Frank , Lambert Christoph
Published: June 2019

A squaraine polymer shows surprisingly fast light induced energy transfer between two different structural sections on the ps/fs time scale.
S–H rotamerizationviatunneling in a thiol form of thioacetamide
Authors: Góbi Sándor , Nunes Cláudio M. , Reva Igor , Tarczay György , Fausto Rui
Published: June 2019

Rotamerization of the S–H groupviahydrogen tunneling is reported for the first time.
The central role of the d-block metals in the periodic table
Authors: Housecroft Catherine E. , Thomas Christine M. , Lim Mi Hee
Published: June 2019

Welcome to this themed issue of Dalton Transactions entitled “The central role of the d-block metals in the periodic table”
Long-term sediment exposure to ZnO nanoparticles induces oxidative stress in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Huang Chi-Wei , Li Shang-Wei , Liao Vivian Hsiu-Chuan
Published: June 2019

Long-term sediment exposure to ZnO-NPs induces oxidative stress in benthic organism C. elegans which is mediated by the transcription factor DAF-16/FOXO triggering stress-responsive gene activation.
Functionalization of chitosan with lignin to produce active materials by waste valorization
Authors: Crouvisier-Urion Kevin , Regina da Silva Farias Fernanda , Arunatat Sorawit , Griffin Donnchadh , Gerometta Massimiliano , Rocca-Smith Jeancarlo R. , Weber Guy , Sok Nicolas , Karbowiak Thomas
Published: June 2019

Active films are produced by a grafting reaction based on the reactivity between chitosan amino groups and lignin hydroxyl groups. This opens a new route for the valorization of lignin, with the possibility of tuning the anti-oxidant activity.
Isolation of molybdenum(vi) from simulated leachates of irradiated uranium-aluminum targets using diluted and undiluted sulfate ionic liquids
Authors: Raiguel Stijn , Dehaen Wim , Binnemans Koen
Published: June 2019

A method is presented to separate molybdenum from other elements commonly present in oxidative alkaline leachates of irradiated uranium-aluminum targets for the production of molybdenum-99.
Sensitivity enhancement in lateral flow assays: a systems perspective
Authors: Bishop Joshua D. , Hsieh Helen V. , Gasperino David J. , Weigl Bernhard H.
Published: June 2019

This critical review organizes and evaluates state-of-the-art approaches to LFA sensitivity enhancement from a system-level perspective.
A silk-based sealant with tough adhesion for instant hemostasis of bleeding tissues
Authors: Bai Shumeng , Zhang Xueliang , Cai Pingqiang , Huang Xiaowei , Huang Yuqing , Liu Rui , Zhang Mengya , Song Jibin , Chen Xiaodong , Yang Huanghao
Published: June 2019

Marine mussels harness catechol-rich foot proteins with hierarchically assembled nanostructures to achieve robust adhesion in the dynamic underwater environment.
Synthesis of 2-acetylpyridine-N-substituted thiosemicarbazonates of copper(ii) with high antimicrobial activity against methicillin resistant S. aureus, K. pneumoniae 1 and C. albicans
Authors: Kaushal Mani , Lobana Tarlok S. , Nim Lovedeep , Bala Ritu , Arora Daljit S. , Garcia-Santos Isabel , Duff Courtney E. , Jasinski Jerry P.
Published: June 2019

The basic interest in the present study pertains to developing metal based antimicrobial agents, as several microorganisms have built resistance to the conventional drugs.
A nitro-capped tetraaniline derivative with AIE features for BSA detection and the selective imaging of Gram-positive bacteria
Authors: Liu Beibei , Wang Kun , Lu Hao , Huang Mingming , Yang Jiping
Published: June 2019

A nitro-capped tetraaniline derivative (NO2-B3-Ani4-NO2) with AIE feature was synthesized and characterized, which presented an ultrasensitive turn-on response towards bovine serum albumin and selective imaging of Gram-positive bacteria based on AIE mechanism.
White light emission in water through admixtures of donor–π–acceptor siblings: experiment and simulation
Authors: Kumari Beena , Singh Amit , Jana Palash , Radhakrishna Mithun , Kanvah Sriram
Published: June 2019

White light emission through binary admixtures of push–pull stilbenes.
An amphiphilic manganese porphyrin-paired ionic copolymer: a highly efficient biphasic transfer catalyst for the selective oxidation of olefins with O2and TBHP
Authors: Mokary Yazdely Tahereh , Ghorbanloo Massomeh , Hosseini-Monfared Hassan
Published: June 2019

A novel amphiphilic manganese porphyrin-paired ionic copolymer, {ADA-INA-[Mn(TPPS)(OAc)]}n, was prepared by the self-assembly process of non-cross-linked amphiphilic polymeric ligands with inorganic species.
Controlling the formation of self-assembled Cu–Sn sulfide with a hoya-like structure for its electrochemical performance
Authors: Feng Xiaojuan , Hu Zhongai , Shi Yanlong , Zhao Guangyue , Zhou Yi , Wang Xiaotong , Hou Lijie
Published: June 2019

Self-assembled hoya-like micron-spheres (Cu–Sn–S) with honeycomb pores were fabricated via a facile gelation–solvothermal–annealing three-step method and exhibited enhanced electrochemical performance for supercapacitors and HER.
New methods for isolation and structure determination of natural products
Authors: Linington Roger G. , Kubanek Julia , Luesch Hendrik
Published: June 2019

The Natural Product Reports themed issue on New Methods for Isolation and Structure Determination of Natural Products is introduced by the Guest Editors, Roger Linington, Julia Kubanek and Hendrik Luesch.
Pattern-assisted stacking colloidal quantum dots for photonic integrated circuits
Authors: Rong Kexiu , Liu Hui , Shi Kebin , Chen Jianjun
Published: June 2019

The simple pattern-assisted stacking approach using the same material is proposed to construct on-chip photonic components for integrated circuits.
Optical resonances of hollow nanocubes controlled with sub-particle structural morphologies
Authors: Valdez Jesus , Besteiro Lucas V. , Mahfoud Zackaria , Guner Tugrul , Yurtsever Aycan
Published: June 2019

The structural details of nanoparticles at the sub-particle level are critical for our understanding of their functionalities and the basic mechanisms involved in their formation.
All-optical tunable plasmonic nano-aggregations for surface-enhanced Raman scattering
Authors: Chen Lei , Liu Wei , Shen Dongyi , Liu Yuehan , Zhou Zhihao , Liang Xiaogan , Wan Wenjie
Published: June 2019

Interparticle forces play a crucial role in nanoparticle-based nanoscience and nanoengineering for synthesizing new materials, manipulating nanoscale structures, understanding biological processes and ultrasensitive sensing.
Cell-penetrating peptide modified AIE polymeric nanoparticles by miniemulsion polymerization and application for cell fluorescence imaging
Authors: Hu Yaxin , Liang Xiaoqin , Zhuang Zeyan , Cao Zhihai , Qi Qi , Wang Yijia , Mi Yifang , Zhao Zujin , Cui Qinmin
Published: June 2019

AIE polymeric nanoparticles surface-modified with HIV Tat peptides for cell fluorescence imaging are efficiently prepared through miniemulsion polymerization, carbodiimide reaction, and thiol-maleimide click reaction in sequence.
Broadband terahertz recognizing conformational characteristics of a significant neurotransmitter γ-aminobutyric acid
Authors: Cheng Chao , Zhu Zhongjie , Li Shaoping , Ren Guanhua , Zhang Jianbing , Cong Haixia , Peng Yan , Han Jiaguang , Chang Chao , Zhao Hongwei
Published: June 2019

γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the chief inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, its conformational behavior is critical for selective biological functions and the process of signal transmission.
Correction: E. coli surface display of streptavidin for directed evolution of an allylic deallylase
Authors: Heinisch Tillmann , Schwizer Fabian , Garabedian Brett , Csibra Eszter , Jeschek Markus , Vallapurackal Jaicy , Pinheiro Vitor B. , Marlière Philippe , Panke Sven , Ward Thomas R.
Published: June 2019

Correction for ‘E. coli surface display of streptavidin for directed evolution of an allylic deallylase’ by Tillmann Heinisch et al., Chem. Sci., 2018, 9, 5383–5388.
Thermal behavior of hydrochar from co-hydrothermal carbonization of swine manure and sawdust: effect of process water recirculation
Authors: Lang Qianqian , Luo Hainan , Li Yi , Li Dong , Liu Zhengang , Yang Tianxue
Published: June 2019

Process water recirculation during co-HTC of swine manure and sawdust changed the combustion behavior of hydrochar.
Mechanics of shape distortion of DLP 3D printed structures during UV post-curing
Authors: Wu Dong , Zhao Zeang , Zhang Qiang , Qi H. Jerry , Fang Daining
Published: June 2019

Theoretical modeling and experiments were implemented to study the UV post-curing induced shape distortion of thin structures prepared by DLP 3D printing.
Fabrication of robust superhydrophobic surfaces via aerosol-assisted CVD and thermo-triggered healing of superhydrophobicity by recovery of roughness structures
Authors: Guo Xiao-Jing , Xue Chao-Hua , Sathasivam Sanjayan , Page Kristopher , He Guanjie , Guo Jian , Promdet Premrudee , Heale Frances L. , Carmalt Claire J. , Parkin Ivan P.
Published: June 2019

Robust superhydrophobic surfaces were fabricated via aerosol-assisted CVD of epoxy resins and PDMS polymer films. The as-obtained surfaces showed thermo-triggered healing of the superhydrophobicity by recovery of roughness structures.
Three-dimensional ordered mesoporous cobalt nitride for fast-kinetics and stable-cycling lithium storage
Authors: Jiang Guangshen , Han Haojie , Zhuang Wanqi , Xu Xiaosa , Kaskel Stefan , Xu Fei , Wang Hongqiang
Published: June 2019

3D highly ordered mesoporous CoN is fabricated and its outstanding long-life cyclability and excellent rate capabilities in LIBs demonstrated.
Bifunctional aligned hexagonal/amorphous tungsten oxide core/shell nanorod arrays with enhanced electrochromic and pseudocapacitive performance
Authors: Huo Xiangtao , Zhang Huanyu , Shen Weiguo , Miao Xiwang , Zhang Mei , Guo Min
Published: June 2019

Bifunctional well-aligned hexagonal/amorphous tungsten oxide core/shell nanorod arrays (h@a-WNRAs) were synthesized on FTO substrates, which possess enhanced electrochromic and energy storage performances.
Enhancing the triiodide reduction activity of a perovskite-based electrocatalyst for dye-sensitized solar cells through exsolved silver nanoparticles
Authors: Xu Meigui , Wang Wei , Zhong Yijun , Xu Xiaomin , Wang Jun , Zhou Wei , Shao Zongping
Published: June 2019

A silver/perovskite nanocomposite cathode is designed by an exsolution strategy for dye-sensitized solar cells, showing a superior efficiency to Pt.
One-step synthesis of flower-like Bi2O3/Bi2Se3nanoarchitectures and NiCoSe2/Ni0.85Se nanoparticles with appealing rate capability for the construction of high-energy and long-cycle-life asymmetric aqueous batteries
Authors: Meng Alan , Yuan Xiangcheng , Shen Tong , Li Zhenjiang , Jiang Qingyan , Xue Hongyao , Lin Yusheng , Zhao Jian
Published: June 2019

The Bi2O3/Bi2Se3nanoflowers and NiCoSe2/Ni0.85Se nanoparticles are acted as negative and positive electrodes for constructing an asymmetric aqueous battery successfully, and the device present high energy density and outstanding cycling stability.
Layered metal vanadates with different interlayer cations for high-rate Na-ion storage
Authors: Huang Haijian , Tian Tian , Pan Long , Chen Xi , Tervoort Elena , Shih Chih-Jen , Niederberger Markus
Published: June 2019

The relationship between the interlayer metal ions and the Na-ion storage performance of layered metal vanadates is systematically explored.
Core@shell structured flower-like Co0.6Fe2.4O4@MoS2 nanocomposites: a strong absorption and broadband electromagnetic wave absorber
Authors: Long Lin , Yang Erqi , Qi Xiaosi , Xie Ren , Bai Zhongchen , Qin Shuijie , Zhong Wei
Published: June 2019

Core@shell structured flower-like Co0.6Fe2.4O4@MoS2 nanocomposites and the main possible pathways of microwave absorption, strong absorption ability and broad absorption bandwidth.
A novel cucurbit[6]uril-based supramolecular coordination assembly as a multi-responsive luminescent sensor for Fe3+, Cr2O72− and isoquinoline antibiotics in aqueous medium
Authors: Sun Jiupeng , Guo Pengpeng , Liu Mei , Li Hui
Published: June 2019

Multi-responsive cucurbit[6]uril-based coordination polymer, luminescent sensor for highly selective and sensitive detection of Fe3+, Cr2O72− and isoquinoline antibiotics in aqueous medium.
Structural basis for histone H3K4me3 recognition by the N-terminal domain of the PHD finger protein Spp1
Authors: He Chao , Liu Ning , Xie Dongya , Liu Yanhong , Xiao Yazhong , Li Fudong
Published: June 2019

Saccharomyces cerevisiae Spp1, a plant homeodomain (PHD) finger containing protein, is a critical subunit of the histone H3K4 methyltransferase complex of proteins associated with Set1 (COMPASS). The chromatin binding affinity of the PHD finger of Spp1 has been proposed to modulate COMPASS activity. During meiosis, Spp1 plays another role in promoting programmed double-strand break (DSB) formation by binding H3K4me3 via its PHD finger and interacting with a DSB protein, Mer2. However, how the Spp1 PHD finger performs site-specific readout of H3K4me3 is still not fully understood. In the present study, we determined the crystal structure of the highly conserved Spp1 N-terminal domain (Sc_Spp1NTD) in complex with the H3K4me3 peptide. The structure shows that Sc_Spp1NTD comprises a PHD finger responsible for methylated H3K4 recognition and a C3H-type zinc finger necessary to ensure the overall structural stability. Our isothermal titration calorimetry results show that binding of H3K4me3 to Sc_Spp1NTD is mildly inhibited by H3R2 methylation, weakened by H3T6 phosphorylation, and abrogated by H3T3 phosphorylation. This histone modification cross-talk, which is conserved in the Saccharomyces pombe and mammalian orthologs of Sc_Spp1 in vitro, can be rationalized structurally and might contribute to the roles of Spp1 in COMPASS activity regulation and meiotic recombination.
ECMO attenuates inflammation response and increases ATPase activity in brain of swine model with cardiac arrest compared with CCPR
Authors: Zhang Yun , Li Chun-Sheng , Yuan Xiao-Li , Ling Ji-Yang , Zhang Qiang , Liang Yong , Liu Bo , Zhao Lian-Xing
Published: June 2019

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) could increase survival rate and neurological outcomes of cardiac arrest (CA) patients compared with conventional cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CCPR). Currently, the underlying mechanisms how ECMO improves neurological outcomes of CA patients compared with CCPR have not been revealed. A pig model of CA was established by ventricular fibrillation induction and then underwent CCPR or ECMO. Survival and hemodynamics during the 6 h after return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) were compared. The levels of inflammatory cytokines and Ca2+-ATPase and NA+-K+-ATPase activities were detected. Brain tissues histology and ultra-microstructure in CCPR and ECMO groups were also examined. Results suggested that ECMO significantly improved the survival of pigs compared with CCPR. Heart rate (HR) decreased while cardiac output (CO) increased along with the time after ROSC in both ECMO and CCPR groups. At each time point, HR in ECMO groups was lower than that in CCPR group while CO and mean arterial pressure in ECMO group was higher than CCPR group. In ECMO group, lower levels of IL-1, IL-1β, IL-6, TNFα, and TGFβ, especially IL-1, IL-6, TNFα, and TGFβ, were found compared that in CCPR group while no difference of IL-10 between the two groups was observed. Similar with the results from enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, decreased expressions of IL-6 and TGFβ were also identified by Western blotting. And Ca2+-ATPase and NA+-K+-ATPase activities were increased by ECMO compared with CCPR. Hematoxylin and eosin staining and ultra-microstructure examination also revealed an improved inflammation situation in ECMO group compared with CCPR group.
A novel lncRNA NR4A1AS up-regulates orphan nuclear receptor NR4A1 expression by blocking UPF1-mediated mRNA destabilization in colorectal cancer
Authors: Xie Xina , Lin Jiatian , Liu Jianlan , Huang Meihui , Zhong Yuantang , Liang Bin , Song Xuhong , Gu Songgang , Chang Xiaolan , Huang Dongyang , Tang Aifa
Published: June 2019

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in tumorigenesis and cancer progression. The orphan nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 1 (NR4A1) acts as an oncogene, and is involved in colorectal cancer (CRC) development. However, the mechanism through which lncRNA regulates NR4A1 expression remains unknown. We aimed to identify lncRNAs that regulate NR4A1 and assess their underlying mechanisms in CRC. We first identified an antisense lncRNA of NR4A1 that was up-regulated in CRC tissues and cells with rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE), and designated it as NR4A1AS. Spearman correlation analysis showed that NR4A1AS was positively correlated with NR4A1 mRNA levels in 37 CRC tissues. Mechanistically, NR4A1AS stabilized NR4A1 mRNA by forming RNA–RNA complexes via partial base-pairing and up-regulated NR4A1 expression in CRC cells. RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays revealed that knockdown of NR4A1AS expression by siRNA enhanced up-frameshift 1 (UPF1) recruitment to NR4A1 mRNA, thereby decreasing NR4A1 mRNA stability. Moreover, depletion of NR4A1AS was found to mimic the effect of NR4A1 knockdown, specifically by suppressing cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. Accordingly, restoring NR4A1 expression ameliorated the effects of NR4A1AS knockdown on tumor growth and metastasis of CRC cells in vitro and in vivo. Thus, we conclude that NR4A1AS up-regulates NR4A1 expression by forming RNA–RNA complexes and blocking UPF1-mediated mRNA destabilization, and it functions in tumor growth and metastasis of CRC cells at least partly through regulating NR4A1, suggesting that NR4A1AS might be as a potential target for RNA-based anti-CRC drug studies.
Video-Implemented Script Training in a Bilingual Spanish–English Speaker With Aphasia
Authors: Grasso Stephanie M. , Cruz Diana F. , Benavidez Rosa , Peña Elizabeth D. , Henry Maya L.
Published: June 2019

Purpose

This study examines the utility of Video-Implemented Script Training for Aphasia (VISTA) for improving speech production and fluency in a Spanish–English bilingual speaker with aphasia.

Method

In this single-subject, multiple-baseline intervention study, VISTA was utilized to facilitate fluent and intelligible speech through training with an audiovisual speech model. Scripts were developed from personalized topics of interest, and training stimuli were tailored for speech rate and linguistic complexity. One trained script per language contained a high proportion of cognates in order to examine the potential for enhancing cross-linguistic transfer. Primary and secondary outcome measures for trained and untrained scripts were percent correct and intelligible scripted words, grammatical errors, speech rate, and total percent intelligibility.

Results

R
.
C
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showed significant improvement in accuracy, intelligibility, and grammaticality of trained scripts. Results revealed cross-linguistic transfer for both languages of treatment. A significantly greater magnitude of cross-language transfer was observed for scripts that were not cognate dense.

Conclusions

VISTA is a viable treatment method for bilingual individuals with aphasia. Cross-linguistic transfer was diminished when incorporating scripts with a high proportion of cognates; however, this may not be true for all bilingual individuals with aphasia and should be explored with additional participants.
Communicative Informativeness in Aphasia: Investigating the Relationship Between Linguistic and Perceptual Measures
Authors: Webster Janet , Morris Julie
Published: June 2019

Purpose

Informativeness refers to how successfully a person is able to convey their intended message. This study explores the relationship between perceptual ratings of informativeness and selected linguistic measures of lexical and structural content. It considers which linguistic measures have ecological validity in terms of what listeners view as important.

Method

Two complex picture description samples from 20 people with aphasia were analyzed. Linguistic measures included number of correct information units (NCIU), percentage of correct information units, number of propositions (NP), propositional idea density (PID), and mean length of utterance in words (MLU
-
w). Eleven naïve listeners produced direct magnitude estimation (DME) ratings of informativeness. A correlational design was used to investigate the relationship between mean DME informativeness ratings and each of the linguistic measures.

Results

The 2 picture description samples elicited similar informativeness ratings. Positive significant correlations were identified between mean DME informativeness ratings and NCIU, percentage of correct information units, NP, and MLU
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w; the strength of correlation differed across variables. No significant correlation was found between mean DME informativeness ratings and PID. Significant correlations were also seen between the linguistic variables, particularly between NP and PID as well as NP and MLU
-
w.

Conclusions

Overall, the linguistic measures corresponded to rated informativeness, highlighting their ecological validity. The strongest relationship was between NCIU and rated informativeness, emphasizing the importance of complete and accurate production of lexical information, particularly nouns. Less strong, but still significant, relationships were seen with variables looking at the efficiency of information giving and the connection of ideas within sentences. The importance of different types of informative measures is considered in relation to the elicitation stimuli.