bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessing Climatic Drivers of Spring Mean and Annual Maximum Flows in Western Canadian River Basins
Authors: Dibike Yonas B. , Shrestha Rajesh R. , Johnson Colin , Bonsal Barrie , Coulibaly Paulin
Published: June 2021

Flows originating from cold and mountainous watersheds are highly dependent on temperature and precipitation patterns, and the resulting snow accumulation and melt conditions, affecting the magnitude and timing of annual peak flows. This study applied a multiple linear regression (MLR) modelling framework to investigate spatial variations and relative importance of hydroclimatic drivers of annual maximum flows (AMF) and mean spring flows (MAMJflow) in 25 river basins across western Canada. The results show that basin average maximum snow water equivalent (SWEmax), April 1st SWE and spring precipitation (MAMJprc) are the most important predictors of both AMF and MAMJflow, with the proportion of explained variance averaging 51.7%, 44.0% and 33.5%, respectively. The MLR models’ abilities to project future changes in AMF and MAMJflow in response to changes to the hydroclimatic controls are also examined using the Canadian Regional Climate Model (CanRCM4) output for RCP 4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios. The results show considerable spatial variations depending on individual watershed characteristics with projected changes in AMF ranging from −69% to +126% and those of MAMJflow ranging from −48% to +81% by the end of this century. In general, the study demonstrates that the MLR framework is a useful approach for assessing the spatial variation in hydroclimatic controls of annual maximum and mean spring flows in the western Canadian river basins. However, there is a need to exercise caution in applying MLR models for projecting changes in future flows, especially for regulated basins.
Temporal and Spatial Distribution of Microplastics in a Coastal Region of the Pearl River Estuary, China
Authors: Li Siyang , Wang Yilin , Liu Lihong , Lai Houwei , Zeng Xiancan , Chen Jianyu , Liu Chang , Luo Qijin
Published: June 2021

This study conducted an analysis of microplastics (MPs) pollution in a coastal region of the Pearl River Estuary (PRE) in the South China Sea. The results show that the abundance of MPs during the rainy season reached 545.5 particles m−3, which was 1.85-fold higher than during the dry season. The spatial distribution of MPs also varied offshore in the following order: the river > estuary > sea. The average abundance of MPs in the river was 1.17-fold higher than that of the estuary and 4.65-fold higher than that of the marine environment. There were large amounts of gray, white, and green MPs, and about 53.5–73.9% of the MPs were less than 0.5 mm. The main forms of MPs were fibers, granules, fragments, and films. MPs composed of polyethylene accounted for 35.7–38.8%. PCA analysis showed that MPs carried by the river were an important source of MP pollution in the coastal waters.
Enhancing the Resilience of the Management of Water Resources in the Agricultural Supply Chain
Authors: Xu Wenping , Zhong Zhi , Proverbs David , Xiong Shu , Zhang Yuan
Published: June 2021

Due to population growth and human activities, water shortages have become an increasingly serious concern in recent years. The agri-food industry is the largest water-consuming industry among all industries, and various efforts have been made to reduce the loss of water in the agricultural supply chain. Improving the resilience of water resource management is a key measure to reduce the risks in the agricultural supply chain. This study aims to identify the factors affecting the resilience of water management in the agricultural supply chain and to help manage the risks related to water resources use. A total of 14 factors are selected from five dimensions of society, economy, environment, institution, and crop characteristics, and an index institution is constructed. This was used to determine the level and importance of each factor. Data were collected through a questionnaire survey involving 28 experts from the agricultural industry in Northwest China, as well as a thorough literature analysis and interactions with experts. Using a combination of an interpretative structural model (ISM) and an analytical network process (ANP), a hierarchical structure model was developed, composed of direct factors, indirect factors, and basic factors. The results show that the selection of agricultural products, the establishment of a water audit control institution, the recycling of wastewater, and the investment in water-saving technologies are the main factors affecting the resilience of water resources management in the agricultural supply chain. These findings provide useful guidance for practitioners involved in the management of water resources in agricultural supply chains. These results are expected to contribute to the sustainable management and strategic deployment of water by agricultural supply chain stakeholders.
A Review of River Oil Spill Modeling
Authors: Kvočka Davor , Žagar Dušan , Banovec Primož
Published: June 2021

River oil spills are generally more frequent and pose greater environmental and public health risk than coastal and offshore oil spills. However, the river oil spill research has received a negligible amount of academic attention in the past three decades, while at the same time the coastal and offshore oil spill research has expanded and evolved tremendously. This paper provides the state-of-the-art review of river oil spill modeling and summarizes the developments in the field from 1994 to present. The review has revealed that the majority of the gaps in knowledge still remain. Thus, there is a need for (i) experimental studies in order to develop and validate new models and better understand the main physicochemical processes, (ii) studies on inter-linking of the governing processes, such as hydrodynamics, advection–dispersion, and weathering processes, (iii) adaptation and validation of coastal and offshore oil spill models for applications in riverine environments, and (iv) development of river oil spill remote sensing systems and detection techniques. Finally, there is a need to more actively promote the importance of river oil spill research and modeling in the context of environmental and public health protection, which would form the basis for obtaining more research funding and thus more academic attention.
Milk productivity and reproductive traits of cows of Holstein breed when different genealogical lines combinations
Authors: Solovyova O. I. , Krestyaninova E. I. , Belyaev O. V. , Bochaev D. F.
Published: June 2021

One of the modern tasks of the agricultural complex in the light of the provisions of the country’s Food Security Doctrine is to accelerate the selection progress to breed animals of the desired type. A comparative evaluation of the milk productivity and reproductive traits of cows of Holstein breed with different selection methods (intra-line breeding and genealogical line crosses) during the first lactation in the breeding farm “Barybino” – “Koalko-Agro” in the Moscow region has been presented in the article. It has been found that the highest indicators of milk productivity have been obtained when the genealogical lines were crossbred. Thus, when using sires of Pabst Governer 882933 line on cows of Montwick Chieftain 95679 line the milk yield was 8419 kg with fat content of 4,20 % and protein of 3,15 %, the open days period duration was 95 days. High productivity indicators have been characterized by cows from the combination of sires of line Wes Back Ideal 10134115 and cows of line Montwick Chieftain 95679 when milk yield was 8074 kg with fat content of 4,20 and protein of 3,10 %, the duration of the open days period was 117 days. The productivity of cows from the combination of sires of line Pabst Governor 882933 and cows of line Reflection Sovering 198998 was also characterized by high milk yield 8054 kg with fat content of 4,10 and protein of 3,0 %, the duration of the open days period was 107 days. Thus, the combination of genealogical lines has influence on the indicators of milk productivity and reproductive traits of highly productive cows, which must be taken into account when conducting breeding work.
The influence of enzyme therapy with adaptogens when candidiasis on blood parameters, increase the livability and meat productivity of geese
Authors: Mannapova R. T. , Shaikhulov R. R. , Mannapov A. G.
Published: June 2021

It has been established that in propolis, which is a biologically active product of beekeeping contains several dozen compounds, trace elements and vitamins. It contains most of the compounds of flavonoid and terpenoid nature, phytoncides, unsaturated aromatic acids, trace elements: copper, cobalt, potassium, sodium, manganese, zinc, calcium, barium, titanium, nickel, chromium, vanadium, tin, vitamins (A, B, C, E, PP), glucose, fructose, cinnamon alcohol. This composition provides a favorable complex effect of propolis on the body: bactericidal and virusocidal (kills bacteria and viruses), bacteriostatic (slows their growth), regenerative (restoring tissues, heals wounds) and fungicidal (kills fungi). The main therapeutic effect in this biologically active beekeeping product is provided by ferulic, caffeic and benzoic acids, galantine, chrysin, isalpine, pinocebrin. They are combined with trace elements and vitamins, as well as probiotics and prebiotics, which provide the greatest therapeutic effect. This circumstance is important for fungal diseases of poultry and especially for candidiasis. Geese candidiasis has been causing great economic damage to poultry farming all over the world in recent decades. The search for effective prevention measures and therapies remains an unsolved problem to date. The data on the development of reactions basophils, pseudoeosinophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes, monocytes on the background of candidiasis and their enzyme adaptogens: probiotic and propolis for traditional microbiotheria is not effective and does not contribute to the restoration of cytological reactions and meat production of poultry have been presented in the article. At the same time as shown by our studies in farms affected by candidiasis geese timely application of enzyme therapy on a background of immune propolis and propitiatory not only contributes to the full restoration of all biological indicators, but more intense live weight gain of poultry and improve the livability of their livestock. This underlines the importance of taking measures to prevent candidiasis in goose farms, together with good conditions for feeding and housing poultry.
Choice of a vacuum evaporation unit for increasing the concentration of humic gel
Authors: Fominykh A. V. , Chyumakov V. G. , Kovshova N. A. , Ezdin D. P. , Kostomakhin M. N.
Published: June 2021

Humic drugs have a wide range of biological activity, affecting the metabolic processes in the body of animals and humans. Humins play a vital role in protecting the intestine from infections and favorably affect its functions, have the potential to suppress mold and bacterial growth, and reduce the level of toxins. When goats received humic substances they had higher milk yields, while significantly reducing total blood cholesterol. Sodium humate administered to broiler chickens increases the live weight by an average of 5–7 % and the livability of poultry by 3–5 %. The influence of humic acid on the quality of laying and egg quality in Japanese quails has been studied. The implementation of socio-economic and environmental programs of the agro-industrial complex provides for the improvement of technologies and technical means for the production of compound feed and protein-mineral vitamin additives for farm animals and poultry. The purpose of the research was to select a vacuum evaporation plant to increase the concentration of humic gel. It has been found that to increase the concentration of humic gel, it is advisable to use a vacuum evaporation plant with an ejector and a steam condenser. Methods for calculating the parameters of the ejector and the pressure reduction process in a vacuum evaporation unit have been developed. The dependences obtained to study the correlation between the area and the diameter of the nozzle water-air ejector, mass flow inject air, water pressure before the working nozzle, pressure inject air, density of the working water, pressure after the ejector, pressure of saturated steam, working temperature of water, temperature inject air, pressure reduction time.
Establishment of a chart of accounts for management accounting for interorganizational cooperation among agribusiness enterprises
Authors: Khoruzhy Lyudmila Ivanovna , Katkov Yury Nikolaevich , Gupalova Tatiana Nikolaevna , Romanova Anastasiya Alekseevna
Published: June 2021

The article, based on theoretical analysis, gives definitions of inter-organizational cooperation, inter-organizational management accounting, inter-organizational management reporting. The composition of management reporting of agricultural organizations within the framework of business partnership was proposed, the advantages of using this type of reporting were identified, possible difficulties of implementing such a system of reporting forms were identified. The example of agricultural enterprises reveals the structure and content of management reporting for use in inter-organizational cooperation.
Analysis of the mechanisms for providing subsidies in agriculture
Authors: Khoruzhy Lyudmila Ivanovna , Tryastsina Nina Yuiryevna , Dzhikiya Konstantin Akakievich
Published: June 2021

The article analyzes changes in approaches to the provision of subsidies in agriculture, discusses the issues of improving the mechanisms of state support for the agro-industrial complex. The results obtained can be used in the development of a strategy for sustainable development of agricultural enterprises, in the development of a regulatory framework for the provision of subsidies to support agriculture.
Imaging Diagnosis of Perianal Leiomyoma: A Case Report
Authors: González-Díaz Enrique , Cengotitabengoa Blanca García , Carbajo Ana Belen Dominguez , Fernández Camino Fernández , Corona A. Fernández
Published: June 2021

A leiomyoma is a benign mesenchymal neoplasm that usually develops where smooth muscle is present. In this report, we present the case of a 75-year-old woman who sought medical attention due to pelvic organ prolapse and urinary incontinence, and without defecatory symptoms. Both pelvic floor ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination showed a well-defined mass in the ischioanal fossa, eventually diagnosed as a perianal leiomyoma. It is considered a rare entity because of its location involving the anal sphincter and clinical features. We describe the ultrasonographic and MRI findings of this perianal leiomyoma, together with differential diagnoses and immunohistochemical characterization.
Effect of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Strain ZK Biofilm on the Mechanical and Corrosion Behavior of 316L Stainless Steel and α-brass
Authors: Farooq A. , Zubair M. , Wadood H. Z. , Deen K. M.
Published: June 2021

This research work aims to investigate the effect of the aerobic bacterium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa on the mechanical and electrochemical properties of the 316L stainless steel and α-brass. These properties of both the alloys were determined after 7 days of exposure to the controlled and inoculated media at 37°C. The microstructural and electrochemical test results revealed the deleterious effects of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. After exposure to the inoculated medium, the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results showed the larger pitting and formation of relatively dense biofilm on α-brass compared to 316L stainless steel. The tensile strength and hardness of 316L stainless steel were slightly affected after exposure to the controlled and inoculated media. After exposure to the controlled medium and inoculated media, the tensile strength of the α-brass was least affected but a significant decrease in the hardness (from 165 HV to 124 HV) was observed due to the severe attack induced by the Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Similarly, the open-circuit potential of the 316L stainless steel in the inoculated medium was measured to be less active (−410 mV vs Ag/AgCl) than α-brass (−550 mV vs Ag/AgCl). In the inoculated medium, potentiodynamic polarization curves confirmed the severe attack of Pseudomonas aeruginosa on α-brass (7.15 × 10−2 mm/year) compared to 316L stainless steel which registered a corrosion rate of 5.14 × 10−4 mm/year.
SURGA KULINER PEDAS ! (STUDI KASUS PERANCANGAN BUKU KULINER NEGERI LOMBOK)
Authors: Putra Sandi Justitia , Ramadhan Ihsan
Published: June 2021

ABSTRAK. Nusa Tenggara Barat adalah salah satu provinsi di Negara Kesatuan RepublikIndonesia yang memiliki dua kepulauan besar yaitu Pulau Lombok dan Pulau Sumbawadengan pusat pemerintahan yang berada di Kota Mataram. Pulau Lombok memiliki kulinertradisional yang beranekaragam dan memiliki keunikan tersendiri, contohnya adalah Aresyang berbahan dasar pelepah atau kedebong pisang yang masih muda. Namun, terdapatpermasalahan lain dibalik keanekaragaman kuliner tradisional di Pulau Lombok yaknikurangnya pengetahuan generasi muda mengenai kuliner tradisional di Pulau Lombok.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk membuat sebuah buku kuliner tradisional yangmembahas tentang kuliner tradisional di Pulau Lombok. Metode penelitian yang digunakandalam penelitian ini adalah metode desain (Desain Komunikasi Visual) melalui tahapananalisis, sintesis dan evaluasi. Buku kuliner tradisional “Negeri Lombok” disusun denganbegitu banyak memuat penanda visual seperti motif songket keker dan ragam fotografiyang menampilkan kuliner tradisional Lombok sehingga pembaca lebih cepat mengenaldan memahami konten yang disampaikan.Dengan perancangan buku visual kulinertradisional ini diharapkan dapat menarik minat generasi muda untuk mau mempelajari danmelestarikan kuliner tradisional daerahnya.
Formação de professores e experiências em tempos de pandemia
Authors: Vasconcelos Carlos Alberto
Published: June 2021

O cenário atual, marcado pela pandemia do coronavírus (Covid-19) e principalmente pela crise na saúde, coloca-nos diante de temas cruciais da vida, entre os quais a educação. Os profissionais da educação, em especial os professores, dispõem de uma variedade de interfaces tecnológicas e pedagógicas para auxiliar no processo de ensino-aprendizagem e disponibilizar um ambiente de aprendizagem colaborativo. Estamos todos (re)aprendendo a conhecer, a comunicarmo-nos, a ensinar e a aprender, a integrar o humano e o tecnológico. Ressaltamos, especificamente neste período pandêmico, que as tecnologias são extensões inerentes ao ser humano dentro do ciberespaço e cada vez mais exercem primazia como recursos para a educação. Assim, os capítulos que compõem esta obra proporcionam espaços e reflexões para a (re)construção do saber, ao ensinar e aprender, a fim de que os sujeitos envolvidos possam construir conceitos científicos e produzir significados em suas práticas e áreas do conhecimento, buscando ressaltar os valores e atitudes de um profissional que busca atualização contínua, a partir da formação.
Los embajadores del Consell de Cent en la corte de España. Aproximación a la actividad diplomática de la ciudad de Barcelona en la época moderna
Authors: Ledroit Mathias
Published: June 2021

Las legaciones de la ciudad de Barcelona a la Corte de España en Madrid son un mecanismo institucional conocido para los historiadores de la época moderna que, sin embargo, no se ha beneficiado de ningún estudio. En el presente artículo, se tratará de exponer los primeros resultados de una investigación sobre la práctica diplomática de la ciudad de Barcelona entre finales del siglo XV y finales del XVII. Proponemos una primera definición y descripción del mecanismo y exponemos algunas reflexiones sobre la documentación de los embajadores.
Técnicas básicas en un laboratorio de química orgánica: cromatografía en columna de gel de sílice.
Authors: Ortega Caballero Fernando , Vázquez Cabello Juan , Carmona Asenjo Ana Teresa , García Moreno María Isabel , Monge Fernández David , Díez Martín Elena , Retamosa Hernández María de Gracia , Iglesias Sigüenza Francisco Javier , Jiménez Blanco José Luis , Moreno Vargas Antonio José
Published: June 2021

La función de estos videos didácticos consiste en proporcionar el apoyo necesario para la adquisición de habilidades prácticas dentro del laboratorio de cara al desarrollo profesional del alumnado. La producción de los mismos está dirigida al estudiantado que cursa asignaturas del área de química orgánica en diferentes grados universitarios.

Cromatografía en Columna de Gel de Sílice: es el método más general para la separación y purificación de compuestos orgánicos, sólidos o líquidos, a escala preparativa.

La visualización de material didáctico en forma de videos explicativos que incluye las técnicas/operaciones básicas empleadas en un laboratorio de Química Orgánica, contribuirá a una mejor comprensión/asimilación de las mismas, resultando de gran apoyo para la correcta realización de las diferentes prácticas de laboratorio.
The Salamanca Declaration in Practice: Inclusion in Europe 2008-2012
Authors: Williams Timothy Ivor , Vidmar Gaj
Published: June 2021

Educating all children in local schools (inclusive schooling) was agreed by the Salamanca declaration in 1994. Progress has been uneven with evidence from the USA that rural areas achieve higher rates of inclusion possibly due to socio-economic factors. This paper considers whether individual jurisdictions in Europe are making progress, and which socio-economic factors may be relevant. A novel statistical analysis to identify outliers and economic and Social Progress Index data were used to determine likely sources of variation. There are significant differences across Europe both in the level of inclusion and in the progress towards inclusion. No economic or social indices predicted levels of inclusion. The most likely explanation for the one consistent outlier was a legislative one. The results are discussed with reference to data from the USA, and proposals are made for further analyses that might elucidate the reasons for differing levels of inclusion in education.
80 Years on Guard of Biological Safety at the Eastern Borders of Russia
Authors: Zaporozhets TS , Besednova NN , Kalinin AV , Shchelkanov MYu
Published: June 2021

Background: The Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology named after G.P. Somov (1917–2009), D.M.Sc., Professor, Academician of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, an outstanding Soviet and Russian epidemiologist and microbiologist, was founded in May 1941. Over the past 80 years, the institute has played an important role in the socio-economic development of Primorye by ensuring biological safety in the south of the Far East known for its Russian largest foci of natural focal infections. The purpose of this review is to describe the milestones of the development and eighty years of activities of Somov Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Vladivostok, intertwining with the history of Russian health care and medical science. A new stage in the development of the institute began in September 2020 when, by Order of the Russian Government No. 2276-r of September 7, 2020, the Institute was included in the structure of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing (Rospotrebnadzor). Materials and methods: We have searched for appropriate data for 1928–2020 in the archives of the Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, State Archives of the Primorsky Krai and the city of Vladivostok, as well as Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, Elsevier, Springer, and Google Scholar databases. We have also made use of plans and reports of research work, minutes of the Academic Council, orders, and records of the Personnel Department. Results: The article describes the role of the Institute in the development of domestic epidemiology, its cooperation with the sanitary and epidemiological service of the Primorsky Krai, and the main achievements of fundamental and applied studies conducted in order to ensure sanitary and epidemiological welfare of the population in the Russian Federation. It also presents biographical information about leading scientists of the Institute, their participation in the development of theoretical and practical aspects of epidemiology, microbiology, and immunology. The article reflects the main short and long-term trends in the development of the Institute including its restructuring and appropriate adjustment of research plans. Conclusions: Entering a new phase of its development with a solid baggage of knowledge and experience, the Institute plans to develop promising research appropriate to the goals of the Concept of Scientific Support for Rospotrebnadzor Bodies and Organizations until 2025 within the framework of the new sectoral program “Scientific Support for Epidemiological Surveillance and Sanitary Protection of the Territory of the Russian Federation”. The tasks set by the Institute are aimed at strengthening its position as one of the key elements of scientific support for biological security in the south of the Russian Far East.
Molecular Genetic Methods and Computer Technologies in the System
of Epidemiological Surveillance of Salmonella Infection
Authors: Rakov AV , Kuznetsova NA , Mastriani E , Shubin FN
Published: June 2021

Introduction: Salmonella infection occupies a leading position in the structure of acute intestinal infections caused by bacterial pathogens. In recent years, with the development of molecular genetic methods and introduction of techniques of computerized data processing, the improvement of the epidemiological surveillance system in the light of the world scientific achievements has become of particular importance. This review is aimed at presenting the history of developing molecular genetic methods and computer technologies in the study of Salmonella infection, and the update on the issue in the Russian Federation based on recent findings of the Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology named after G.P. Somov, one of the leading Russian centers for the study of Salmonella. Materials and methods: We used databases of the Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology of Somov Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, and did a literature search in the Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, Elsevier, Springer, and Google Scholar. Results: Since the second half of the 1980s, the method of plasmid DNA analysis of bacteria of the Salmonella genus has been put into practice. Since 1990, this method has been the basis for microbiological molecular genetic monitoring of the pathogen. The geography of the studied strains, restricted to Primorsky Krai in the 1990s, already in the 2000s encompassed the Far Eastern and Siberian Federal Districts of the Russian Federation. The studies conducted by the Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology helped improve the system of epidemiological surveillance of the causative agent of salmonellosis in the Far East and revealed the structure of the Salmonella population based on the analysis of plasmids contained in Salmonella strains. Conclusion: Several issues related to microbiology, epidemiology, clinical picture, and prevention of Salmonella infection were resolved during the comprehensive research. We discuss prospects for the development of molecular genetic methods and computer technologies in the study of Salmonella infection in the epidemiological surveillance system in the Russian Federation and emphasize the importance of whole-genome sequencing as a new “gold standard” in molecular epidemiology.
Biologically Active Substances from Marine Hydrobionts of the Pacific Ocean as the Basis for Developing New Medicines
Authors: Besednova NN , Zaporozhets TS , Kuznetsova TA , Krylova NV , Makarenkova ID , Gazha AK , Smolina TP , Ivanushko LA , Persiyanova EV
Published: June 2021

Introduction: Since 1970s, a school of thought on management of innate and acquired immunity systems using biologically active substances of the Far East marine origin has been developed by the Immunology Laboratory of Somov Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology of the Russian Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing (Rospotrebnadzor). Biopolymers, which constitute the structural basis of live marine organisms and sustain numerous vital processes, draw special attention as potential candidates for pharmaceutical forms. The objective of our study was to summarize the results of long-term research on biologically active substances (BAS) from marine aquatic organisms (hydrobionts) of the Pacific Ocean as the basis for developing medicinal preparations for infectious disease prevention and treatment and dietary supplements for food and functional food products. Methods: We have selected and analyzed 46 principal published works of the researchers of the Institute found in electronic databases (Web of Science, PubMed, and eLibrary) using appropriate keywords. Results: We established that over 500 substances from various hydrobionts of the Pacific Ocean including invertebrates, fish, algae, marine bacteria (polycationic and polyanionic polysaccharides of brown and red algae), pectins (colloidal carbohydrates of high molecular weight and complex structure), lipopolysaccharides and polysaccharides from marine proteobacteria, glycoproteins, proteoglycans, glycolipids, low-molecular compounds of marine origin (sulfated polyoxysteroids, peptides, beta-glucans, nucleic acids, amino acid complexes, naphthoquinones and spinochromes of sea urchins) had been studied for their biological properties over the past almost half a century. The studies produced abundant new data on immunomodulatory, antibacterial, antiviral, antitumor, anti-adhesive, anti-endotoxic, pro-apoptotic, hepatoprotective, and hypolipidemic properties of biologically active substances, substantiated feasibility of designing innovative BAS-based medicines, and developed environmentally safe functional food products and dietary supplements. Conclusions: Biologically active substances from marine hydrobionts are a promising source for the development of novel domestic pharmaceuticals.
Dimensiones e indicadores de la competencia mediática en Educación Infantil
Authors: Melgarejo Moreno Irene
Published: June 2021

Media literacy is based on dimensions that include a series of indicators that address knowledge, skills and attitudes of the so-called media competence. The purpose of this study is to facilitate the promotion of media competence in the Second Cycle of Early Childhood Education, for which it is necessary to carry out a selection and adaptation of the dimensions and indicators in relation to the characteristics of the child, which facilitate its implementation in the classroom by teachers and the progressive acquisition of this competence in students. An exhaustive review of the literature on media literacy and in relation to the nature of childhood is carried out in order to adapt the indicators to the particularities of this educational stage.
La ciberconexión como cultura mediática. Redes sociales, competencia mediática, ciudadanía
Authors: Aguaded Ignacio , Delgado Ponce Águeda
Published: June 2021

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Tiktokers y objetivación sexual de género en retos musicales
Authors: Vizcaíno-Verdú Arantxa , Tirocchi Simona
Published: June 2021

The rise of social media such as TikTok, where short-content takes prominence, has generated a trend of online musical challenges. Songs from the music industry have made way for amateur choreography that is becoming viralized around the world, and replicated in a constant network algorithm. This study seeks to address gender differences and the sexual objectification of musical challenges on the platform. For this purpose, a descriptive and correlational content analysis was conducted for eight popular songs on the platform, in a sample of 400 tiktoks, 200 females and 200 males. Based on the analysis of the sexual objectification of music videos, we applied a codification that collected race and age demographics, followed by interpretative-choreographic factors such as body exposure, perpetration and gaze, decorative role, facial attractiveness, body shape, degree of global sexualization, provocative dress, and sexual dancing. The results revealed a significant statistical relationship between gender and sexual objectification in all cases, except in the choreography and sensual movements, sexual positions and seductive expressions. In the rest of the codes analyzed predominated the female gender. From this group, the exposure of body, facial attractiveness and provocative clothing differed. To sum up, the research introduces a new social phenomenon characterized by the sexualization of its young performers, where gender differences are accentuated perpetuating the media pattern of the music industry.
COMPARISON OF TREMOR RELATED ADVERSE DRUG REACTION BETWEEN INTRAVENOUS AMINOPHYLLINE AND NEBULIZED SALBUTAMOL FOR ASTHMA EXACERBATION TREATMENT
Authors:   Universitas Surabaya, Lorensia Amelia , Annisa Yuliana Nur
Published: June 2021

The Department of Health estimates that asthma including 10 major causes of morbidity and mortality in the hospital. Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease that is becoming a serious health problem in many countries around the world. Drugs used in the treatment of asthma exacerbations is salbutamol and aminophylline. Drugs such as salbutamol and aminophylline can cause ADR (Adverse Drug Reaction) in the form of tremor with a sign involuntary shaking part of the hand. This research was conducted at the RSAL Dr. Oepomo to sample Aminofilin and in hospitals Seowandi to sample Salbutamol. The method used was quasi experimental. This study was conducted to compare the incidence of tremor in both asthma drug that is often used for the treatment of asthma such as Salbutamol and Aminofilin. The results of this study indicate there are differences in the incidence rate of ADR-related tremor between salbutamol and Aminofilin. Knowing the difference in incidence rate of tremor between aminophylline and salbutamol can assist in the selection of treatment which safer to avoid the effects of tremors that can occur from the use of of drugs asthma exacerbations.
Making Silica Gel by Utilizing Candlenut and Palm Oil Shell Ash
Authors: Azhar Shiddiq Muhammad
Published: June 2021

Oil palm shell ash which is the result of boiler combustion inindustry has the potential to pollute the environment and have a badimpact in the long term so that special treatment is needed. Thisstudy aims to answer this problem by making silica gel fromhazelnut shell and oil palm shell ash with variations in the type ofacid and the ratio of ash to determine the effect of the type of acidand the ratio of the raw material in the form of ash to moisturecontent and water absorption of silica gel. Oil palm shell ash is usedas the main ingredient because it contains the most SiO2compounds compared to other compounds (reaching 39.78%).Candlenut shell is also used as a raw material for silica gel becauseit contains silica (12.58%). The stages in this research include thepretreatment process of the material by washing and drying thematerial, the combustion process of the main ingredient in thefurnace, the process of making sodium silicate and the synthesisprocess of silica gel. Then proceed with water content analysis,analysis of water absorption by silica gel and characterization byScanning Electron Microscope. The results of this study were thatthe type of acid, the concentration of the acid and the time ofmaturation of the gel had an influence on the moisture content ofthe silica gel and the absorption capacity of the silica gel. The silicagel produced using H2SO4 produced more mass than the silica gelusing HCl.
A review of the interactions of Clopidogrel drugs with Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs) in the treatment of cardiovascular events
Authors: Wijaya Diana
Published: June 2021

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) merupakan salah satu penyebab kematian tertinggi di dunia dan anti-platelet memiliki peran yang signifikan sebagai terapi utama dalam kejadian kardiovaskular. Salah satu efeksamping penggunaan anti-platelet jangka panjang dapat menyebabkan terjadinya perdarahan saluran cerna. Hal ini menyebabkan terapi anti-platelet seperti clopidogrel diberikan bersamaan dengan protein pump inhibitors (PPI). Penggunaan PPI jenis inhibitor CYP2C19 yaitu omeprazole dan esomeprazole dapat mengurangi efikasi clopidogrel secara signifikan dan meningkatkan risiko terjadinya infark miokard. Mekanisme kerja PPI dapat menghambat kerja clopidogrel karena adanya reaksi kompetitif kedua obat dalam proses metabolism obat terutama enzim CYP2C19 karena Clopidogrel memerlukan aktivasi enzim CYP2C19 untuk diubah menjadi metabolit aktif. PPI yang dapat direkomendasikan bersamaan dengan clopidogrel adalah Pantoprazole, Rabeprazole, Lansoprazole dan Dexlansoprazole karena menginhibisi CYP2C19 lebih lemah dibanding omeprazole dan esomeprazole.
Bioefikasi Neurotoksin Ekstrak Campuran Daun Permot dan Daun Batang Sereh Bentuk Semprot terhadap Kecoa Jerman (Blattella germanica)
Authors: Rumiati Flora , Susilowati Rina Priastini , Banuang Sancia Nathania Legenie
Published: June 2021

Kecoa merupakan salah satu hama yang menjadi pembawa penyakit. Untuk mengatasi populasi kecoa diperlukan adanya insektisida yang efektif, aman dan tidak bersifat resistensi. Bahan kimia aktif di dalam ekstrak daun permot (Passiflora foetida) yang dapat digunakan sebagai insektisida antara lain ermanin, vitexin, harmalin, dan harmin pada permot. Bahan kimia aktif tersebut bersifat neurotoksin. Selain itu, digunakan kandungan minyak atsiri yang terdapat pada daun dan batang sereh (Cymbopogon nardus). Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui bioefikasi pemberian ekstrak daun permot dan daun batang sereh terhadap mortalitas kecoa Jerman (Blattella germanica). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimental. Sampling penelitian dihitung dengan rumus Federer. Kecoa Jerman ditempatkan pada 6 kandang sesuai kelompok perlakuan dengan 5 kali ulangan. Kelompok perlakuan adalah kontrol negatif (tanpa paparan), kontrol positif (disemprot dengan insektisida sintetik berbahan praletin 0,170%, d-alletrin 0,135 % dan sipermetrin 0,100 %), kelompok perlakuan campuran ekstrak daun permot dan daun batang sereh dengan dosis 0,05%, 0,10%, 0,20%, dan 0,40%. Pengamatan dilakukan setelah 10 menit pertama penyemprotan, dilanjutkan tiap jam selama 6 jam dan 24 jam. Kecoa dinyatakan mati jika badan terbalik dan tidak ada gerakan. Dari hasil penelitian ini diperoleh nilai LC50 sebesar 341 ppm, dan nilai LC90 sebesar 1175 ppm. Berdasarkan uji one way Anova diperoleh hasil adanya perbedaan bermakna antara kelompok kontrol dengan kelompok perlakuan insektisida berbahan campuran ekstrak daun permot dan daun batang sereh. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa campuran daun permot dan daun batang sereh memiliki efek neurotoksik yang mematikan pada kecoa Jerman dosis 1175 ppm.
Belajar dari Rumah selama Pandemi COVID-19: Risiko Peningkatan Ledakan Kasus Miopia pada Anak Usia Sekolah
Authors: Paramita Carennia , Leonard Elcha
Published: June 2021

Miopia adalah kelainan refraksi dengan prevalensi kasus tertinggi secara global terutama pada anak usia sekolah. Dalam jangka panjang, miopia dapat meningkatkan risiko gangguan visus permanen dan mempengaruhi kualitas hidup anak di masa dewasa sehingga perlu mendapat perhatian khusus. Selama pandemi COVID-19, pemerintah telah menetapkan pembatasan kegiatan masyarakat, salah satunya dengan memberlakukan kebijakan belajar dari rumah bagi anak usia sekolah. Kegiatan belajar dari rumah tentu akan meningkatkan penggunaan gawai pada anak serta mengurangi pajanan anak terhadap sinar matahari alami sehingga berkaitan erat dengan peningkatan kasus miopia. Padahal, lamanya anak melakukan aktivitas di luar rumah berperan dalam membatasi pertambahan elongasi aksial bola mata dan perubahan miopia dalam refraksi. Sebaliknya, aktivitas jarak dekat serta paparan terhadap gawai secara intens dapat meningkatkan kondisi asthenopia dan berisiko menimbulkan ledakan kasus miopia. Masalah ini dapat menambah beban peningkatan kasus miopia terutama di dalam masa pandemi COVID-19 yang belum dapat diketahui akhirnya. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan langkah pencegahan miopia selama masa pandemi yang tepat dan efektif. Hal tersebut menjadi fokus pembahasan telaah pustaka ini. Para orang tua, guru, tenaga kesehatan dan pemerintah harus bersama-sama mempromosikan gaya hidup sehat serta mewujudkan upaya pencegahan miopia pada anak usia sekolah.
Special methods and devices for performance evaluation of mechanized equipment systems for electric arc welding and surfacing
Authors: Lebedev V.A.
Published: June 2021

The problems that are associated with solving the problems for determining of the technical characteristics and the results of the use of mechanized and automatic equipment for arc welding and surfacing processes are considered. New methodological developments and technical (hardware) means are proposed that allow expanding the possibilities for developers, designers, manufacturers to determine the real characteristics of welding equipment systems to ensure their reliability and the electric arc processes themselves in terms of their stability. The conditions for the application of new developments in specific welding—surfacing processes with high levels of noise, current and voltage fluctuations and thermal effects during arc burning are considered. It is shown that the proposed designs of devices and techniques for analyzing of the characteristics of equipment and processes can be mastered by the industry.
About influence of deformation mechanisms on the structure and properties of metallic material
Authors: Galkin V.I. , Golovkin P.A.
Published: June 2021

Using various materials as an example, we analyze the influence of the predominant deformation mechanisms on the behavior of structural, phase, and other changes in a metallic material during its pressure treatment, and on the resulting properties of the material in terms of strength, corrosion, and other characteristics.
Flattening the Facebook Curve: Exploring Intersections of Critical Mathematics Education With the Real, the Surreal, and the Virtual During a Global Pandemic
Authors: Andersson Annica , Nolan Kathleen
Published: June 2021

In March 2020, near the onset of the COVID-19 related lockdowns, quarantine, and isolation measures being taken worldwide, we noticed an increasing number of graphs, diagrams, images, and mathematical models relating to the pandemic posted on our Facebook walls. For the purposes of this paper, we selected a number of these Facebook posts to discuss and analyze, through the lens of questions based in critical mathematics education research. Our analyses draw attention to public discourse(s) around mathematics, as well as how numbers, graphs, diagrams, and images are used on Facebook. In our analyses, we first identify the mathematics topic/concept being depicted through the image and, second, how that Facebook post might serve as an artefact of critical mathematics education. In doing so, we challenge the usual separation of mathematics classrooms from the real world and highlight how, in this time of pandemic, life is less real than it is surreal; it is less real than it is virtual.

Keywords: mathematical modelling; real-world problems; images, critical mathematics education; mathematics and social media; virtual reality; Facebook; mathematics in society; mathematics teaching; mathematics teacher education
Carvacrol Ameliorates Transforming Growth Factor-β1-Induced Extracellular Matrix Deposition and Reduces Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition by Regulating The Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase/Protein Kinase B Pathway In Hk-2 Cells
Authors: Gu Yunhe , Guo Peiyao , Xu Guangbiao
Published: June 2021

Transforming growth factor-β1 promotes excessive extracellular matrix deposition and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of tubular epithelial cells, thus stimulating the progression of renal fibrosis. Carvacrol has been shown to alleviate cardiac and liver fibrosis and attenuate renal injury. However, the role of carvacrol on renal fibrosis has not been examined. First, measurements using Cell Counting Kit-8 showed that carvacrol reduced cell viability of tubular epithelial cell line HK-2 in a dose-dependent fashion. Second, transforming growth factor-β1 induced excessive extracellular matrix deposition in HK-2 cells with enhanced collagen I, collagen IV, and fibronectin expression. However, carvacrol decreased the expression of collagen I, collagen IV in a dose-dependent manner and fibronectin to attenuate the extracellular matrix deposition in HK-2. Third, carvacrol attenuated TGF-β1-induced decrease of E-cadherin and increase of snail, vimentin, and alpha-smooth muscle actin in HK-2 cells. Transforming growth factor-β1-induced increase in PI3K and AKT phosphorylation in HK-2 were also reversed by carvacrol. Collectively, carvacrol ameliorates renal fibrosis through inhibition of transforming growth factor-β1-induced extracellular matrix deposition and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of HK-2 cells, providing potential therapy for the treatment of renal fibrosis.
Machine Learning for Price Prediction for Agricultural Products
Authors: Bayona-Oré Sussy , Cerna Rino , Hinojoza Eduardo Tirado
Published: June 2021

Family farms play a role in economic development. Limited in terms of land, water and capital resources, family farming is essentially characterized by its use of family labour. Family farms must choose which agricultural products to produce; however, they do not have the necessary tools for optimizing their decisions. Knowing which products will have the best prices at harvest is important to farmers. At this point, machine learning technology has been used to solve classification and prediction problems, such as price prediction. This work aims to review the literature in this area related to price prediction for agricultural products and seeks to identify the research paradigms employed, the type of research used, the most commonly used algorithms and techniques for evaluation, and the agricultural products used in these predictions. The results show that the mostly commonly used research paradigm is positivism, the research is quantitative and longitudinal in nature and neural networks are the most commonly used algorithms.