bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ikonopisanie i jego modele (liturgiczny, artystyczny, duchowy, mistyczny) w świetle teo-antropologii ontologicznej
Authors: Macheta Lidia
Published: July 2024

The article discusses iconography as a phenomenon of theo-anthropology. The general aim of these analyses is to explain the essence of iconography from the perspective of ontological anthropology – by relating it to the human existence in terms of the possibility and duty of being oneself. In this article, we consider the hypothesis according to which icon-writing has four main complementary formulations: liturgical (icon-writing as a liturgical process), artistic (icon-writing as God’s art), spiritual (icon-writing as spirituality), mystical (icon-writing as prayer). Confirming the truth of the hypothesis constitutes our main goal. We are heading towards it through the implementation of two main research tasks. In the first of them, we demonstrate that each of the assumed models of iconography contains four components (liturgical, artistic, spiritual, mystical), but in each model only one of them dominates, and it is from its perspective that the others are understood. In the second task, we show that each of these models is based on a different onto-anthropological principle – one of the four main ones (community, reflexivity, ethics, religiosity) – corresponding to one of the dimensions of the human existence in ontological terms, the concept of which we adopt for the purposes of this article. A given anthropological principle determines which of the elements of iconography dominates, i.e. what it is above all.
Peculiarities of the ‘Body – Soul’ Dichotomy in the Collection of Short Stories by Ludmila Ulitskaya The Body of the Soul.
Authors: Kuca Zoja , Kucy Aleksy
Published: July 2024

The article analyses the works of Lyudmila Ulitskaya from the point of view of a dichotomous description of anthropological reality in her new collection of stories The Body of the Soul. The authors come to original conclusions connected with the author’s mythologism, especially with the two-variant narrative line developed by the author in the previous periods of her creative work. We were able to prove that in the case of one of the variants, in the collection The Body of the Soul, the author actually revealed the nature of her religious and theosophical views. At the same time, we have shown that Ulitskaya’s literary imagination is not confined to the existing schemes of the metaphysical world, but, on the contrary, it helps Ulitskaya to present this world more colourfully and vividly. Sometimes, for the sake of plot integrity, the writer deliberately changes the elements in the mosaic of the conceptosphere employed.
O pantałyku raz jeszcze
Authors: Fałowski Adam
Published: July 2024

To some extend this paper should be regarded as a polemic with two papers devoted to the lexem pantałyk and the phrasal verb zbić z pantałyku, recently published in “Slavia Orientalis”: Е. Николаева, С. Николаев, О сложности взаимовлияния близкородственных языков (на примере выражения сбить с панталыку), “Slavia Orientalis” 2019, no. 4, pp. 741-750; Л. Даниленко, Український пантелик та його рецепція у слов’янських мовах (до походження фразеологізму збити з пантелику), “Slavia Orientalis” 2020, no. 2, pp. 319-334. The article consists of two parts. The first presents the views revealed in the above mentioned texts. The author generally agrees with them, attempting to introduce some supplementary information and corrections concerning the chronology of the word and phrase in Ukrainian, Polish, Russian and Belorusian. In the second part, of an etymological character, both proposals have been subjected to criticism. A new approach to the issue of the origin of the lexeme and phrasal verb both has been presented. The author’s approach is restricted to the Greek etymology: special attention is paid to the original meaning of the above-mentioned lexeme and phrasal verb. Taking into account the broader context of “zbić z pantałyku” referred to in Ivan Kotlyarevsky’s poem we can come to the conclusion that in meaning the point is “to dispel somebody’s sense, reason” and such being the case – “to deprive of self-confidence, courage, cunning, craftiness, the ability to overcome any difficulties, to cause somebody confusion and disorientation, to reduce somebody to madness”.
New Solitary Waves for Thin-Film Ferroelectric Material Equation Arising in Dielectric Materials
Authors: Manafian Jalil , Juadih Walla Rahim , Rao Amitha Manmohan , Eslami Baharak , Allahverdiyeva Natavan , Mustafayeva Parvin
Published: July 2024

In this paper, the thin-film ferroelectric material equation (TFFME), which enables the propagation of solitary polarisation in thin-film ferroelectric materials is investigated, will be expressed through the non-linear evolution models. Ferroelectrics are dielectric materials that explain wave propagation non-linear demeanors. The non-linear wave propagation form is administrated by TFFME. To investigate the characterisations of new waves and solitonic properties of the TFFME, the modified exponential Jacobi technique and rational exp(−ϕ(η))-expansion technique are used. Plenty of alternative responses may be achieved by employing individual formulas; each of these solutions is offered by some plain graphs. The validity of such schemes and solutions may be exhibited by assessing how well the relevant schemes and solutions match up. The effect of the free variables on the manner of acting of reached plots to a few solutions in the exact forms was also explored depending upon the nature of non-linearities. The descriptive characteristics of the reached results are presented and analysed by some density, two- and three-dimensional figures. We believe that our results would pave the way for future research generating optical memories based on non-linear solitons.
Tribological Behaviour of Cross-Shaped Dimples on Sliding Surfaces Under Hydrodynamic Lubrication
Authors: Gangadia Hardik , Sheth Saurin
Published: July 2024

This study reports on the tribological behaviour of sliding surfaces having cross-shaped micro-dimples on a surface. One wall is smooth and moving at a constant speed against the other fixed wall with dimples. The laser machine helps to create the desired dimples on the surface of the fixed wall. For the purpose of generating hydrodynamic pressure and tribological behaviour, the effects of cross-shaped dimples and oriented cross-shaped dimples have been compared with circular-shaped dimples. Additionally, the impact of sliding speed, dimple area density and depth on tribological behaviour was examined. The findings show that compared with a circular-shaped dimple, an unconventional cross-shaped and orientated cross-shaped dimple generates a higher net hydrodynamic pressure in the fluid domain and offers superior stability between the sliding surfaces. It has been demonstrated that geometrical factors like dimple depth and area density as well as operational factors like sliding speed have a substantial impact on the hydrodynamic average pressure and tribological behaviour of sliding surfaces. The experimental findings indicate that, for the same geometric and operating parameters, cross- and orientated cross-shaped dimples have a 20%–25% lower friction coefficient between the sliding surfaces than circular dimples. The results of the experiment support those of the analysis and CFD.
Effect of Pore Architecture of 3D Printed Open Porosity Cellular Structures on Their Resistance to Mechanical Loading: Part I – Experimental Studies
Authors: Bernacka Monika , Aladag Mehmet , Dubicki Adrian , Zgłobicka Izabela
Published: July 2024

The development of additive manufacturing (AM) techniques has sparked interest in porous structures that can be customized in terms of size, shape, and arrangement of pores. Porous lattice structure (LS, called also lattice struct) offer superior specific stiffness and strength, making them ideal components for lightweight products with energy absorption and heat transfer capabilities. They find applications in industries such as aerospace, aeronautics, automotive, and bone ingrowth applications. One of the main advantages of additive manufacturing is the freedom of design, control over geometry and architecture, cost and time savings, waste reduction, and product customization. However, the designation of appropriate struct/pore geometry to achieve the desired properties and structure remains a challenge. In this part of the study, five lattice structs with various pore sizes, with two volume fractions for each, and shapes (ellipsoidal, helical, X-shape, trapezoidal, and triangular) were designed and manufactured using selective laser sintering (SLS) additive manufacturing technology. Mechanical properties were tested through uniaxial compression, and the apparent stress-strain curves were analyzed. The results showed that the compression tests revealed both monotonic and non-monotonic stress-strain curves, indicating different compression behaviors among the structures. The helical structure exhibited the highest resistance to compression, while other structures showed similarities in their mechanical properties. In Part II of this study provides a comprehensive analysis of these findings, emphasizing the potential of purpose-designed porous structures for various engineering applications.
Discrepancy index, treatment complexity index and objective Grading system: correlation between parameters, indices and implications for treatment
Authors: Syed Mohamed Alizae Marny Fadzlin , Yusop Nurul Naziha , Rasidi Nurul Sabryna , Ashari Asma , Cheen Amy Liew Kia
Published: July 2024

Objectives

An assessment of orthodontic treatment duration and results allows for measurable outcomes, goal-setting, and the establishment of patient management standards. It is important information that can be utilised for educational purposes in an orthodontic postgraduate program. The aim of this study was to determine correlations of the parameters within and between the Objective Grading System (OGS), Discrepancy Index (DI) and Treatment Complexity Index (TCI) and identify those factors associated with treatment outcomes and duration.

Materials and methods

This retrospective cohort study involved a consecutive sampling of 242 pre- and post-treatment patient records from the postgraduate orthodontic clinic between 2013 and 2017. The cases were assessed using the DI, OGS, and TCI pre-treatment. Treatment outcomes were assessed using the OGS. Spearman’s Rank Correlation Coefficients were computed within and between the indices. Multiple and logistic regressions were used to evaluate associations between treatment outcomes and duration, respectively.

Results

Within DI, significant correlations (p < 0.05) were observed between overjet-overbite, overjet-occlusal relationship, overjet-crowding, overbite-anterior open bite, overbite-crowding, anterior open bite-lateral open bite, anterior open bite-crowding, lingual posterior cross bite-crowding. Within pre-OGS, significant correlations (p < 0.05) were observed between alignment-marginal ridge, alignment-occlusal relationship, alignment-root angulation, overjet-interproximal contact, marginal ridge-buccolingual inclination, marginal ridge-overjet, marginal ridge-occlusal contact, marginal ridge-occlusal relationship, overjet-occlusal contact, overjet-occlusal relationship, overjet-root angulation, occlusal relationship-root angulation, interproximal contact-root angulation. Within TCI, functional appliance correlated with orthognathic surgery (p < 0.001), rapid palatal expansion (RPE) (p = 0.005) and multidisciplinary collaboration (p = 0.001). Pre-OGS correlated with DI (p < 0.001) and TCI (p = 0.026). Cephalometric (p = 0.002) and other conditions (p = 0.031) were associated with treatment outcomes. RPE was associated with extended treatment duration (p = 0.014).

Conclusions

DI, OGS, and TCI exhibited weak correlations within and between indices. Cephalometric values, clinical conditions, and RPE use should be carefully considered during treatment planning.
Chemical composition and storage temperature influence on textural characteristics of bakery fats derived from plant sources
Authors: Pădureţ Sergiu
Published: July 2024

Edible fats obtained from plant sources, characterized by their higher proportion of saturated fatty acids, typically exist in solid or semi-solid states and present different physical properties. The quality of solid or semi-solid vegetable edible fats plays a crucial role in the food production sector and for consumers alike. Attributes such as fat hardness and spreadability are significant factors for both industry and consumers, as these textural properties are directly influenced by the constituents of the fats. The chemical composition and fatty acid content of fats derived from plant sources correlated with textural characteristics such as hardness, plasticity, adhesiveness, viscosity, and also spreadability properties were investigated. The total color differences of fat samples varied from 7.06 to 45.50. Among the saturated fatty acids, palmitic acid occurred as the predominant one across palm oil, and margarine samples, while the most abundant monounsaturated fatty acid was oleic acid with an average of 36.41% for palm oil and 26.46% for margarine samples. The puncture test performed with three different penetrometers, and the spreadability test, conducted at two different temperatures, showed a differentiation of the analyzed fat samples.
The usefulness of mathematics in agriculture, for the environment and in contrasting diseases: insights from a wide range of simple models
Authors: Venturino Ezio
Published: July 2024

Mathematics has been applied to physics and engineering in the last few centuries, substantially contributing to the various phases of the industrial revolution. Its application to biology is instead relatively more recent. In this paper we provide an overview of some problems in a few fields mainly related to ecology. The models discussed help in fighting pests in agriculture to improve crop harvesting and to combat the phenomenon of alien species invasions, that due to worldwide trading and climate changes is affecting the temperate regions, threatening the survival of the native species. A pair of examples related to primary oxygen production and fallacies of our linear way of thinking are also presented, to stress the fact that raising temperatures entail huge unforeseen problems. Finally we delve briefly in the vaste field of epidemiology, that would deserve a review on its own, to discuss models for diseases in the environment and one instance related epidemics affecting humans, prompted by the important role of asymptomatics played in them.
RUSSIAN CHAMPIONSHIP MOVEMENT OF PROFESSIONAL SKILLS «PROFESSIONALS» AND THE INTERNATIONAL WORLDSKILLS MOVEMENT: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS (BASED ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE COMPETENCY «HOTEL RECEPTION»)
Authors: Samsonova S. I. ,   Bunin Yelets State University
Published: July 2024

The article is devoted to the problem of developing a new championship movement in Russia. Currently, championships of professional excellence play an important role in the development of the secondary vocational education system. Russia has been a participant in the championship movement since 2012. A comparative description of the international movement WorldSkills and the All-Russian movement “Professionals” helps to identify the similarities and main differences between them. The «Professionals» movement is also considered from the point of view of its relationship with the Federal Project «Professionalism» and as an instrument for realizing its main goal. The author studies the organization and conduct of competitions, having practical experience of participating in the regional stage as the main expert. In the issue of Russian Championship Movement, it is important to take into account the opinions of political leaders, experts, representatives of the education sector and leading enterprises of the country. In modern conditions, the participation of industrial partners in the championship movement is multidirectional. The scientific work is based on the «Hotel Reception» competency. During present research it was identified its features and Russia’s achievements at different levels. Competition tasks are of great importance for the formation of professional skills of future hotel service specialists. Special attention in the article is paid to the issue of training hotel service specialists at the request of employers. The issue of foreign language training within the framework of participation in the «Hotel Reception» competency was studied. The article examines the concept of intercultural communication in the sphere of hospitality. Competition tasks and competency assessment criteria are considered from the point of view of international standards. In conclusion, the author says about the effectiveness of the implementation of activities within the framework of the «Professionals» movement. It believes that the creation of domestic competitions contributed to the modernization of the mechanism for their organization and conduct, as well as the improvement of the system of training and evaluation of participants in the «Hotel Reception» competency.
THE ROLE OF VESTIBULAR HEARING IN SPEECH PERCEPTION (REVIEW OF FOREIGN RESEARCH)
Authors: Efimova V. L. ,   Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia
Published: July 2024

The article presents a review of foreign studies on the participation of the vestibular system in speech perception. Although for a long time it was believed that the vestibular system is involved only in the management of balance and motor skills, there is increasing evidence that it is involved in cognitive processes such as memory, attention, and speech. There is no doubt that auditory perception is necessary for speech perception. The peripheral parts of the vestibular and auditory analyzers are anatomically closely related. But there is not enough research on how vestibular organs affect auditory perception. Evolutionarily, the vestibular apparatus appeared in animals much earlier than the peripheral hearing organs. The human vestibular apparatus consists of five paired sections: three semicircular canals and two otolith organs – the utriculus and sacculus. In the process of evolution, the semicircular canals of humans and other mammals underwent maximum changes. The ability to register auditory information was preserved only in one of the parts of the vestibular apparatus – sacculus. Vestibular (saccular) hearing allows us to register low-frequency sounds in the range from 100 to 1000 Hz. This helps speech perception, as this frequency range is associated with the perception of intonation and other prosodic components of the utterance. Saccular hearing also helps speech perception in noise. Data on the role of the vestibular apparatus in speech perception are useful for all speech and language specialists. The ability of the sacculus to respond to sound is used for instrumental diagnostics of the vestibular system – cervical vestibular myogenic evoked potentials (cVEMP).
The peculiarities of setting goals in geriatric rehabilitation
Authors: Zhabotynska N. V. , Shtrygol’ S. Yu. , Kireyev I. V. , Tamozhanska G. V. , Myatyha O.M. , Safronov D. V.
Published: July 2024

Aim. To determine the peculiarities of setting SMART goals in geriatric rehabilitation.
Materials and methods. Materials of scientific publications and international guidelines on the organization of rehabilitation; methods of data analysis, systematization and generalization were used.
Results. Age-related physiological changes in the body of older people combined with their own life experience and individual personality qualities require special approaches to setting goals in geriatric rehabilitation. When setting goals in geriatric rehabilitation, certain problems may arise: patients may feel that their opinion is not sufficiently taken into account, and difficulties in understanding what exactly they expect from the rehabilitation process; specialists may have doubts about the ability of older patients to formulate realistic goals; not all patients seek an active role in the goal-setting process. To solve these problems, members of the multidisciplinary team can use certain tools: the use of language that is understandable for the patient in discussions; determination of the patient’s role in setting goals; achievement of a balance between the patient’s wishes and capabilities; demarcation of goals to better achieve them. Directly, the process of setting goals can be presented as a process consisting of three stages: introduction, goal setting, summary and clarification of goals. The authors consider in detail the actions that must be performed by members of the multidisciplinary team at each stage. The use of a three-step algorithm for forming goals can help specialists better interact with the patient and better form the goals of the rehabilitation cycle.
Conclusions. The article highlights the problems that arise when setting goals in geriatric rehabilitation; tools for solving these problems and a three-stage goal formation algorithm, which allows increasing the efficiency of interaction with the patient to achieve the SMART goals set have been proposed.
Exciton Mott Transition in Photoexcited Semiconductor Revealed in Terahertz Absorption Spectra
Authors: Yen Le Thi Hai
Published: July 2024

We theoretically investigate the Terahertz (THz) absorption spectra in optically excited semiconductors. By applying Bardeen-Cooper-Schriffer (BCS)-like mean field approximation, we have reproduced the spectral position of component originating from the 1s to 2p intraband transition in various density regimes. We have investigated the THz absorption spectra in various density regimes, and in a range of temperature above the critical temperature of BCS-BEC crossover. And by analysing THz absorption spectra, we have shown that the exciton Mott transition can be studied.
Prototype of Monitoring System for Power Absorption and Solar Panel Maintenance on Website-Based Solar Power Plant
Authors: Ananda Melly Wasilah , Yolanda Desta , Anandika Arrya
Published: July 2024

Solar power plants (PLTS) are a source of electrical energy that will never run out and will not damage the environment. PLTS is an alternative energy source when an electricity supply has not reached an area or has no commonly used power generation source, such as gas or water. In PLTS, solar panels are devices that need to be considered to maintain the performance of solar panels on PLTS. Several things must be considered, as solar panels must be protected from dust and dirt that can block sunlight. Solar panels should also not dry themselves after being wet with water because there will be traces of water left behind. Moisture on the surface of solar cells significantly reduces cell performance due to the disruption of the absorption and refraction of sunlight. To overcome this problem, the author proposes to design a system that can monitor the absorption of power carried out by solar panels and perform maintenance on solar panels in the form of cleaning from dust and dirt automatically and helping to dry after the rain subsides on the surface of solar panels. This system is integrated with the website so that officers can monitor through the monitoring website interface. This designed system can optimize power absorption on solar panels and help officers know the results of power absorption by solar panels.
Sistem Kontrol Kadar Amonia Dan Tinggi Air Pada Kolam Penangkaran Tukik Penyu
Authors: Pitos Hababil Riego , Rahmadya Budi
Published: July 2024

Turtles are also one of the animals whose population is decreasing day by daydue to several factors ranging from climate change, disease, environmentaldamage and inadequate processing of conservation techniques and so on. Withthe status of turtles being endangered, special attention is needed for turtles inthe form of cultivating turtles, especially when the turtles are still 0-2 years oldor known as hatchlings. One of the important indicators in hatchling cultivationrequires good seawater quality management. One of the parameters of goodseawater quality is ammonia levels. This ammonia level can be formed naturallyby metabolic wastes and also food waste that decomposes in the water whichresults in the formation of ammonia levels. In turtle hatchling ponds it is alsonecessary to adjust the water level in the pond with a height of 5cm - 10cmbecause newborn hatchlings cannot dive. The importance of regular waterquality control such as ammonia levels and water level in ponds is veryimportant for the success of hatchling cultivation. Therefore, a research onmonitoring and controlling systems for ammonia levels and water levels usingthe TCS3200 color sensor is carried out to read the change in water color afteradministration of an ammonia test solution which will show the value ofammonia levels in water. Previously, water sampling was carried out by DCpumps and ultrasonic sensors to detect water level. Where this system canmonitor and control ammonia levels and height automatically and the resultscan be viewed using a smartphone through the Blynk application
ZAŠTITA PROCESNIH PRAVA DJETETA U UPRAVNIM POSTUPCIMA S POSEBNIM OSVRTOM NA POSTUPANJA U VEZI S OSOBNIM STANJIMA GRAĐANA
Authors: Guštin Matko
Published: July 2024

Considering that administrative law regulations cover a significant number of areas important for citizens’ lives, administrative procedures are the most common procedures in which citizens, including children, exercise their rights and impose obligations on them. The UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, as well as General Comment No. 12 of the Committee on the Rights of the Child on the child’s right to be heard, determine the child as an active legal subject. This applies to all procedures in which the child participates, including administrative procedures. Due to legal and therefore procedural capacity, the child is represented by legal representatives in the administrative procedure, which does not reduce the active role of the child in the procedure, who has the right to be heard, that is, to express an opinion on issues related to him. Therefore, this paper aims to present the position of the child in the administrative procedure in the Republic of Croatia, that is, its procedural rights from the aspect of representation and the right to be heard. In the first part of the paper, the assumptions of the child’s party activity in the administrative procedure are analyzed, after which the representation of the child according to the Family Law Act and the General Administrative Procedure Act is presented. In the central part of the paper, de lege lata, the child’s right to be heard is analyzed in the context of international law and national regulations, in relation to administrative procedures. Taking into account the importance of the status law issues, the paper presents the position of the child in administrative procedures related to personal name, identity card, travel documents, Croatian citizenship, and residence, analyzing the legal arrangement of the child’s representation and its right to be heard, that is, to express its opinion.
(KAZNENO)PRAVNI POLOŽAJ DJETETA U SUKOBU SA ZAKONOM U REPUBLICI HRVATSKOJ: TEMELJNI OBRISI
Authors: Herceg Pakšić Barbara
Published: July 2024

The contemporary society has long recognized the child’s special position in the legal and judicial systems. Given that law is a reflection of societal understandings, such developments are the result of increased awareness of the need to adjust the law to the child at the normative and institutional levels, as well as the child’s unique protection within the legal (judicial) system. This is (must be) especially true in the repressive part of that system, i.e. criminal and misdemeanor law. The phrase “child in conflict with the law” appears in the more recent development of juvenile criminal law, so we will use it here as well. Therefore, in this paper, we provide an overview of the normative foundations and perspectives of the position of children in criminal and misdemeanor law, both at the supranational level (in terms of standards and impact on changes) and at the national level (in terms of the state and needs of Croatian society). The paper also discusses the position of the child as a victim of a criminal offense.
EBS Materials: Study of their Natural and Archeological Analogues
Authors: Sobolev D. A. ,   Nuclear Safety Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Boldyrev K. A. ,   Nuclear Safety Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: July 2024

Research data on natural, anthropogenic and historical analogues of materials used in engineered safety barrier (EBS) designs are viewed as sources of important information about their degradation, its conditions and dynamics supporting the safety assessments on the long-term stability of radioactive waste disposal facilities (RWDF). The article evaluates historical and natural analogues of safety barrier materials: bentonite, copper, iron, glass, concrete based on Portland cement. It establishes their reference degradation rates that can be recommended under the longterm safety assessments of RWDFs.
HLW Volume Calculation Algorithm
Authors: Rykunova A. A. ,   JSC “Advanced Research Institute of Inorganic Materials named after Academician A. A. Bochvar”, Schmidt O. V. , Kashcheev V. A. , Shadrin A. Yu. , Fayrushina L. R. , Makeeva I. R. ,   JSC “Advanced Research Institute of Inorganic Materials named after Academician A. A. Bochvar”,   JSC “Advanced Research Institute of Inorganic Materials named after Academician A. A. Bochvar”,   PI “Nauka i Innovatsii”,   FSUE Russian Federal Nuclear Center — All-Russian Scientific Research Institute Of Technical Physics,   FSUE Russian Federal Nuclear Center — All-Russian Scientific Research Institute Of Technical Physics
Published: July 2024

The paper presents the algorithms introduced to calculate the minimum allowable volume of vitrified high-level radioactive waste (HLW) in accordance with the current Russian regulations for glass-like matrix materials. This study presents the volumes of vitrified RW generated from the reprocessing of different spent nuclear fuel types (BR-1200, BREST-300, VVER-1000) calculated in the Vizart software package. The developed algorithm can be used to calculate the volume of immobilized waste forms assuming the use of different matrix materials such as borosilicate glass, aluminophosphate glass, cement and ceramics. If necessary, the algorithm can be adjusted with an account taken of the requirements for the matrix material quality.
CHANGES IN BLOOD BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS IN WISTAR RATS AFTER IMPLANTATION OF VASCULAR GRAFTS
Authors: Popel H. A. ,   Republican Scientific and Practical Center of Cardiology, Minsk, Belarus, Maiseyenka I. A. , Kopats A. A. , Zhavaranak I. P. ,   Republican Scientific and Practical Center of Cardiology, Minsk, Belarus,   City Clinical Hospital No. 4 named after N.Ye. Savchenko, Minsk, Belarus,   Institute of Physiology of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, Belarus
Published: July 2024

Background. This article deals with the use of biological vascular grafts made from bovine xenopericardium as a plastic material for reconstructive operations on the great vessels, which is one of the most important topics in modern vascular surgery. Aim. To compare changes in blood biochemical parameters in Wistar rats after implantation of fragments of biological and synthetic vascular grafts. Material and methods. The experimental study was performed on male laboratory Wistar rats (n = 50). The animals were divided into two groups: group 1 included 25 animals with implantation of a Dacron vascular graft; group 2 was composed of 25 animals with implantation of a vascular graft made from bovine xenopericardium. Blood samples from the laboratory rats were collected on days 3, 7, 14, 21 and 30 after the operation. Plasma urea, creatinine, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase levels were measured. Results. No clinically significant changes in concentrations of low molecular weight metabolites of nitrogen metabolism or liver enzymes activity, alkaline phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase activity were observed after implantation of a biological vascular graft from bovine xenopericardium compared to the animals with implanted synthetic vascular graft. Conclusion. The use of a biological vascular graft made from bovine xenopericardium does not cause clinically significant changes in blood biochemical parameters in laboratory rats.
SUICIDAL ACTIVITY: A STATISTICAL RETROSPECTIVE
Authors: Bukin S. I. ,   Grodno Regional Clinical Center “Psychiatry-Narcology”, Grodno, Belarus
Published: July 2024

Purpose. To determine the statistical features of the frequency of suicides in the Grodno region with regard to time intervals as well as medical and social risk factors for suicide. Material and methods. In the present study we used statistical data for the Grodno region for the period 2004-2023 concerning the population size and the number of suicides as well as the maps of analysis of the causes of suicides committed in 2010-2023 (n=1520). Results. The established statistical features of the frequency of suicides in the Grodno region indicate that suicidal activity, as a population feature, is independent of the population size; it is determined and has characteristic dynamics over annual intervals and extremes within the year, month, week and day. In the structure of pre-suicide, medical and social factors not related to health conditions and comorbid with alcohol abuse predominate. Сonclusions. The established in the study statistical patterns of suicidal activity of the population of the Grodno region, which are quantitatively associated with time intervals within the day, week, month and year and qualitatively with the dominant medical and social characteristics present in pre-suicide, indicate that suicide is a population feature and causes of suicides in particular cases are determined by the suicider’s inheriting of some features of a society as an element and a formal model of this society.
CLINICAL AND ECONOMIC EFFECTIVENESS OF PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY IN THE TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH PHLEGMON OF THE MAXILLOFACIAL AREA AND NECK
Authors: Cherniak L. A. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Surmach M. Yu. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus
Published: July 2024

Background. Treatment of patients with phlegmon of the maxillofacial area is an urgent problem in modern maxillofacial surgery. Objective. To conduct a clinical and economic evaluation of the local photodynamic therapy (PDT) effectiveness during the postoperative period in comparison with traditional treatment in patients with phlegmon of the maxillofacial area and neck. Material and methods. Clinical and economic features of treatment of patients with a confirmed diagnosis of “Phlegmon of the maxillofacial area and neck” (ICD-10: L03.2) with local use of PDT were studied and analyzed. Economic efficiency was evaluated based on the cost-effectiveness analysis. The economic effect of preventing direct damage (for inpatient treatment, payment of temporary disability benefits) as well as indirect damage (loss of gross domestic product) because of reduced hospital length of stay has been determined. Results. The advantage of a local application of PDT both from a clinical point of view (reducing the time for cleansing a wound from purulent-necrotic masses, relieving edema, resolving infiltrate, the appearance of granulations, reduced length of inpatient treatment) and from an economic point of view (the overall economic effect for the period of inpatient treatment of 1 patient with PDT was 3092.67 BYN) has been shown. Conclusion. The results demonstrate the clinical and economic feasibility of wider local use of PDT in the complex treatment of patients with phlegmon of the maxillofacial area and neck.
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF AMBULATORY BLOOD PRESSURE MONITORING AND CIRCADIAN SYNTHESIS OF MELATONIN IN PREDICTING OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA SYNDROME IN PATIENTS WITH GRADE 1-2 ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION
Authors: Shyshko V. I. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Zubel I. A. , Malevich G. V. , Klysheiko V. V. , Targonskaya A. A. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus,   Sanatorium «Ozerny», Ozery, Belarus,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus
Published: July 2024

Objective. To study the role of 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) and circadian melatonin (MT) synthesis in predicting obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) in patients with grade 1-2 arterial hypertension (AH) and to reveal the relationship between the study findings. Material and methods. 67 patients aged 50.0 (41.0; 56.0) having grade 1-2 AH were examined and divided into 2 groups in regard to the complex of clinical and instrumental research methods: Group 1 – 25 patients having AH and Group – 45 patients having AH associated with OSAS. 24-hour ABPM, anthropometric measurements, and respiratory monitoring were performed. MT levels were evaluated by the content of its metabolite 6-sulfatoxymelatonin (6-COMT) in the urine. Results It has been found that according to ABPM diastolic blood pressure variability during the day was ≥12 mm Hg and had high sensitivity (74.1%) and specificity (91.7%) for predicting the OSAS in patients with hypertension receiving standard antihypertensive therapy. The characteristic feature of the daily MT production in patients with AH in combination with OSAS is an increase in the level of 6-SOMT in daily urine (p=0.031) and its daily portion (p=0.037), correlating with the severity of OSAS (r=0.43; p=0.00065 and r=0.40; p=0.00079, respectively) and independent of the grade of AH (p>0.05). Conclusion. The obtained results allow us to recommend the use of ABPM as a screening, low-cost study to predict OSAS in patients with grade 1-2 AH. The identified changes in the daily rhythm of MT synthesis weakly correlate with the severity of OSAS and the degree of hypertension.
HISTORY OF AMPUTATION PRACTICE IN CONNECTION WITH WARFARE. PART 1. ART OF AMPUTATIONS FROM THE ANCIENT TIMES TO THE SECOND HALF OF XVIII CENTURY
Authors: Bakhta A. A. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Khilmonchyk N. E. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus
Published: July 2024

Limb amputations are one of the oldest surgical operations that are known to the humankind. Over the millennia of medical practice, the technique of amputations has been constantly changing and improving, either under the influence of the inventions made by outstanding surgeons or new stages of technical progress. In the first part of the article on the ground of literary sources, the main stages of the development of the mastership of amputation from the Primitive era to the second half of the XVIII century in direct connection with the evolution of warfare as well as key inventions and outstanding personalities are reviewed. The further development of the art of amputations from the second half of the XVIII century to Modern times is reviewed in the second part of the article.
ВЛИЯНИЕ РЕЛЬЕФА НА ВЕРТИКАЛЬНОЕ РАСПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ ВОДОРОСЛЕЙ
Authors: Дубовик И.Е. , Шарипова М.Ю. , Габидуллина Г.Ф. , Ахмедьянов Д.И. , Тельцова Л.З. , Ямалеева А.А. , Григориади А.С. , Суюндуков И.В.
Published: July 2024

Рассмотрены цианобактериально-водорослевые ценозы склонов различной экспозиции на территории Гафурийского района Республики Башкортостан. Проанализирована таксономическая и экологическая структура сообществ в зависимости от экспозиции и расположения на рельефе склона, а также вертикального распределения в почве.
ИЗМЕРЕНИЕ КОНЦЕНТРАЦИИ РМ2,5 В АТМОСФЕРЕ КРАСНОЯРСКА В 2023 ГОДУ: СРАВНЕНИЕ ДАННЫХ ЧЕТЫРЕХ СЕТЕЙ МОНИТОРИНГА
Authors: Соколова О.В. , Заворуев В.В. , Заворуева Е.Н.
Published: July 2024

Концентрация РМ2,5 в атмосфере г. Красноярска измеряется с помощью приборов федеральной, краевой, научной и общественной сетей мониторинга. Загрязнение городской воздушной среды оценивали по результатам измерения каждой сетью. Для этого рассчитали среднемесячные и среднегодовые концентрации. Анализ полученных значений показал, что величины концентраций федеральной и общественной сетей в среднем в 1,6 раза больше, чем аналогичные концентрации краевой и научной сетей. В статье обсуждаются возможные причины различий результатов измерения и пути их устранения.
РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫХ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙ ВЛИЯНИЯ ИЗМЕНЕНИЙ ЦЕТАНОВОГО ЧИСЛА ТОПЛИВА НА КОЛИЧЕСТВО ВРЕДНЫХ ВЫБРОСОВ ДИЗЕЛЕЙ
Authors: Мельберт А.А. , Новоселов А.А. , Машенская Е.А. , Литвиненко И.С.
Published: July 2024

В статье рассмотрены возможности снижения токсичности отработавших газов дизеля 6Ч  15/18 (7Д6-150) путем изменения цетанового числа топлива (ЦЧ). Обнаружено, что при увеличении ЦЧ топлива по всей нагрузочной характеристике при 1500 мин-1 возрастали выбросы СО, СхНу, ТЧ. Выбросы NOx, СНОН практически оставались несущественными. Происходило незначительное снижение выбросов оксида серы. Неполнота сгорания топлива на режиме полной мощности возросла на 6,8%. Показатель техногенной нагрузки для дизеля 7Д6-150 сохранил свое значение НТЧ = 43,65 ут/г.
НОМОГЕНЕЗ КАК СТРАТЕГИЯ ЭВОЛЮЦИОННОГО СИНТЕЗА
Authors: Козлова М.С.
Published: July 2024

Номогенез как течение эволюционной мысли развивается с 1922 г. Его основоположник Л.С. Берг подходил к эволюции жизни как единой системы. Созданная Бергом теория номогенеза – эволюции на основе закономерностей – представляет собой оригинальный эволюционный синтез, следующий после дарвиновского. Номогенез и современный дарвинизм – синтетическая теория эволюции (СТЭ) – развиваются параллельно на протяжении почти ста лет. Достижения эволюционной биологии развития, подтверждающие некоторые положения теории номогенеза, заставляют задуматься о новом синтезе и смене модели эволюции. Эволюционная теория XXI века должна объяснять специфические закономерности эволюции всех уровней организации жизни, высшим из которых является биосферный. Однако номогенез не может стать стратегией современного эволюционного синтеза, поскольку не ориентирован на описание особенностей эволюции биосферы.
GASTRONOMIC TOURISM: FUSION OF TASTES AND CULTURES
Authors: Жунусова А.А. , Ярдякова И.В. , Нурмадиева Г.Д.
Published: July 2024

Статья посвящена усиливающейся роли гастрономического туризма как одного из наиболее востребованных на сегодняшний день видов туристического продукта. Сложная политическая, эпидемиологическая, экономическая и социальная ситуация в мире в 20-х годах XXI века вызва- ла кризис в туристической отрасли. Падение доходов населения, высокая степень неопределенности на рынке труда и общее депрессивное состояние экономик различных стран мира, постепенно изменяют облик современного туризма. Главным предиктором туристического выбора становится оценка визуальной привлекательности тура, его эксклюзивности, возможность визуализировать и тиражировать собственный опыт путешествия. Коммер- циализация процесса потребления впечатлений предполагает эксплуатацию гедонистических потребностей (потребностей в наслаждении и удоволь- ствии), ценности эстетического удовлетворения, развитие интерактивных и коммуникативных практик, направленных на создание у туристов положи- тельных эмоций. В данной статье исследовано, как гастрономические туры становятся все более популярной формой внешнего и внутреннего туризма в результате растущего интереса людей к еде, кулинарии и кулинарной культу- ре. В заключении сделан вывод о том, что гастрономический туризм можно рассматривать как один из важнейших факторов формирования идентич- ности определенной территории, погружение в который приводит к обмену знаниями, традициями, обычаями различных народов мира, слиянию разноо- бразных вкусов и приобщению потребителя туристической услуги к самобыт- ной культуре других народностей.
INTEGRATION OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES INTO PRODUCTION PROCESSES
Authors: Гедыгушев Р.А.
Published: July 2024

Статья "Интеграция цифровых технологий в производствен- ные процессы" обсуждает вызовы и препятствия, с которыми сталкиваются компании при внедрении цифровых технологий в свои производственные операции. Рассматриваются ключевые аспекты цифровой трансформации, включая необходимость значительных инвестиций, сложности интеграции с существующими системами, обучение персонала и изменение корпора- тивной культуры. В статье выделяются важность стратегического подхода и партнерства с экспертами в области цифровой трансформации для успеш- ной реализации проектов. Кроме того, подчеркивается значение разработ- ки гибких и инновационных стратегий, а также создание благоприятного организационного окружения для принятия изменений. В заключение, статья подчеркивает, что, несмотря на сложности, интеграция цифровых технологий в производственные процессы представляет собой ключевую возможность для компаний повысить свою конкурентоспособность и эффективность в современной бизнес-среде.
INTRODUCTION TO QUALITY MANAGEMENT IN A MANUFACTURING ENTERPRISE
Authors: Аполонский А.О. , Боровик А.С. , Мясин Д.В.
Published: July 2024

Время все более заметным становится повышение важности качества в деятельности организации. Понятие качества и эффективности приобретает все большее значение и является важным элементом челове- ческого и организационного развития. Качество в стратегическом плане – это конкурентное преимущество, это результат правильного управления органи- зацией и объективная проверка эффективности и результативности деятель- ности. Система менеджмента качества должна приводить к повышению эффективности деятельности организации, служить для выявления слабых мест в системе менеджмента. Качество продукта, в частности, маркетинго- вое качество, является фактором, влияющим на восприятие потребителем как поставляемого продукта, так и компании. Поэтому управление качеством является такой важной концепцией. Данная статья представляет собой анализ ключевых вопросов, связанных с управлением качеством, начиная с определения качества, его форм и заканчивая этапами и элементами управ- ления качеством.
FEATURES AND METHODS OF ANALYZING THE DISTRIBUTION AND USE OF THE COMPANY'S PROFITS
Authors: Абдулхалимова А.Г. , Гасанов Н.Г. , Хамбулатова З.Р.
Published: July 2024

Настоящая статья посвящена освещению особенности, специ- фики и методов анализа распределения и использования прибыли предпри- ятия. В статье отмечено значение прибыли для деятельности коммерческих организаций, а также обоснована значимость проведения ее анализа. Цель статьи — выявление факторов, обусловивших изменение прибы- ли торгового предприятия и определение резервов ее увеличения. Анализ формирования прибыли характеризует эффективность механизма хозяй- ствования на предприятии. Анализ представляет собой особый инструмент управления прибылью по принципу: расходы — производство — прибыль. Эта формула предполагает наличие информации о расходах, нормативах, учёт результатов реализации товаров. В статье представлены и кратко описаны основные методы анализа, применение которых также продемонстрировано на практическом примере (проведен анализ распределения и использования прибыли на базе АО «Юг Руси».
SUSTAINABLE COMPETITIVENESS OF ENTERPRISES – A THEORETICAL APPROACH
Authors: Бажнин М.И.
Published: July 2024

Способность предприятия поддерживать себя в условиях конкурентного рынка сегодня обусловлена рядом факторов, как внутренне- го характера (например, человеческие ресурсы, время и затраты на произ- водство, технологии, цена, распределительная сеть), так и внешнего (напри- мер, потребительские предпочтения, предложение, замещающие товары). Со временем часть из них теряет, а часть приобретает все большее значе- ние. Одним из факторов, который в последние годы все чаще появляет- ся в группе, существенно влияющей на положение предприятия на рынке, является экологическая деятельность. Это связано не только с повышением экологической значимости, но и с повышением экологической осведомленно- сти общества и давления, оказываемого им. Целью данной статьи является обсуждение устойчивой деятельности предприятий как элемента построения конкурентного преимущества.