bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enhanced ultrafine multimode fiber imaging based on mode modulation through singular value decomposition
Authors: Zhan Ning , Yu Zhenming , Cheng Liming , Ma Jingyue , Di Jiayu , Lan Yueheng , Xu Kun
Published: July 2024

The utilization of multimode fibers (MMFs) displays significant potential for advancing the miniaturization of optical endoscopes. However, the imaging quality is constrained by the physical conditions of MMF, which is particularly serious in small-core MMFs because of the limited mode quantity. To break this limitation and enhance the imaging ability of MMF to the maximum, we propose a mode modulation method based on the singular value decomposition (SVD) of MMF’s transmission matrix (TM). Before injection into the MMF, a light beam is modulated by the singular vectors obtained by SVD. Because the singular vectors couple the light field into eigenchannels during transmission and selectively excite the modes of different orders, the optimal distribution of the excited modes in MMF can be achieved, thereby improving the imaging quality of the MMF imaging system to the greatest extent. We conducted experiments on the MMF system with 40 μm and 105 μm cores to verify this method. Deep learning is utilized for image reconstruction. The experimental results demonstrate that the properties of the output speckle pattern were customized through the selective excitation of optical modes in the MMF. By applying singular vectors for mode modulation, the imaging quality can be effectively improved across four different types of scenes. Especially in the ultrafine 40 μm core MMF, the peak signal-to-noise ratio can be increased by up to 7.32 dB, and the structural similarity can be increased by up to 0.103, indicating a qualitative performance improvement of MMF imaging in minimally invasive medicine.
People and sites as community resources for preventing and managing chronic health conditions: A conceptual analysis
Authors: Agrawal Prachee , Abimbola Seye
Published: July 2024

The prevention and management of chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs) require community-based efforts–especially as their burden grows, and recognition of the need for engaging diverse stakeholders in care grows. The aim of this conceptual analysis was to categorise existing community resources (people and sites) used to support such efforts, the mechanisms by which they work, and the conditions that constrain their effectiveness. We developed an initial framework for categorising community resources. We then used a sample of the literature– 24 studies from 12 countries–to refine and enrich the framework. We identified seven categories of sites (’where’: House, Meeting place, Community health centre, Primary health care centre, Mobile clinic, Pharmacy, and Hospital) and ten categories of people (‘who’: Community Health Worker, Nurse/Midwife, Health educator, Physician, Primary Health Care Worker, Peer Group, Navigator, Pharmacist, Cultural Advisor, Family caregiver). We identified eight mechanisms through which those resources improve NCD prevention and management: Context specific engagement, Personalised and integrated care, Community health worker led knowledge dissemination, Social support through family and/or friends, Extending the reach of the health system, Social support through peer groups, Task shifting, and Training of health workforce. We identified two broad categories of constraints on these mechanisms: (i) health system barriers such as inadequate workforce, training, coordination and engagement; and (ii) socio-economic, political, and cultural barriers to care. The conceptual categories (of people and sites as resources, the mechanisms through which they work and the contextual constraints on their effectiveness) identified in this analysis may be useful in further analysing current approaches in NCD efforts using community resources, in informing the development of community-based efforts, and in exploring the commonalities and transferable insights between different locations or settings around the world and between different efforts to prevent and manage NCDs within communities.
Workplace gender-based violence among female staff in public higher education institutions in eastern Ethiopia: Institution-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Ali Mowlid Abdi , Semahegn Agumasie , Ashenafi Wondimye , Legesse Henok
Published: July 2024

Despite the global and local efforts, gender-based violence at workplaces has remained a major public health challenge and pervasive human rights violation worldwide. Nevertheless, there is a paucity of research evidence on gender-based violence in higher educational institutions (HEIs). The main aim of this study was to assess workplace gender-based violence and its associated factors among female staff in public HEIs in eastern Ethiopia. An institution-based cross-sectional study design was conducted among female staff in public HEIs in eastern Ethiopia. Female staff (n = 391) were recruited using systematic sampling techniques from three HEIs. Data were collected by trained female data collectors using a structured pre-tested, self-administered questionnaire. Collected data were entered into EpiData and exported to SPSS for analysis. Descriptive and logistic regression statistical analysis were carried out to compute frequencies and odds ratio at 95% confidence interval (CI). The adjusted odds ratio (AOR) at 95% CI was used to declare a significant association. Workplace gender-based violence among female staff at HEIs was 63.1% (95% CI: 58–68%). Being within the age group of 18–34 years (AOR: 1.71, 95% CI: 1.02–2.85), being single (AOR: 2.24, 95% CI: 1.32–3.80), divorced (AOR: 2.27, 95% CI: 1.03–5.03), working the night shifts (AOR:5.73, 95% CI: 1.87–17.58), Being aware of the reporting procedures of violent incidents (AOR: 1.55, 95% CI: 1.01–2.49) and worried for being a victim of violence (AOR: 1.71, 95% CI: 1.02–2.86) were the factors associated with workplace gender-based violence against female staff in the public HEIs. Workplace gender-based violence among female staff working in the selected public HEIs was found to be unacceptably high. Awareness-raising campaigns against gender-based violence and reporting procedures in case of violent incidents, enforcing existing policies, orientation to employees, safeguarding the night shift female workers, and survivor support services should be implemented by key stakeholders.
Recognising and evaluating the effectiveness of extortion in the Iterated Prisoner’s Dilemma
Authors: Knight Vincent , Harper Marc , Glynatsi Nikoleta E. , Gillard Jonathan
Published: July 2024

Establishing and maintaining mutual cooperation in agent-to-agent interactions can be viewed as a question of direct reciprocity and readily applied to the Iterated Prisoner’s Dilemma. Agents cooperate, at a small cost to themselves, in the hope of obtaining a future benefit. Zero-determinant strategies, introduced in 2012, have a subclass of strategies that are provably extortionate. In the established literature, most of the studies of the effectiveness or lack thereof, of zero-determinant strategies is done by placing some zero-determinant strategy in a specific scenario (collection of agents) and evaluating its performance either numerically or theoretically. Extortionate strategies are algebraically rigid and memory-one by definition, and requires complete knowledge of a strategy (the memory-one cooperation probabilities). The contribution of this work is a method to detect extortionate behaviour from the history of play of an arbitrary strategy. This inverts the paradigm of most studies: instead of observing the effectiveness of some theoretically extortionate strategies, the largest known collection of strategies will be observed and their intensity of extortion quantified empirically. Moreover, we show that the lack of adaptability of extortionate strategies extends via this broader definition.
Trifurcated lined ducts: A comprehensive study on noise reduction strategies
Authors: Nawaz Touqeer , Afzal Muhammad
Published: July 2024

The present research is centered on analyzing and modeling the scattering characteristics of a trifurcated waveguide that includes impedance discontinuities. A mode-matching method, grounded in projecting the solution onto orthogonal basis functions, is devised for the investigation. The impedance disparities at the interfaces are represented in normal velocity modes, which, when combined with pressure modes, result in a linear algebraic system. This system is subsequently truncated and inverted for numerical experimentation. The convergence of scattering amplitudes is assured by reconstructing matching conditions and adhering to conservation laws. The computational results indicate that optimizing attenuation behavior is achievable through manipulating variation bounding properties and impedance discontinuities.
Comprehensive integrated single-cell RNA sequencing analysis of brain metastasis and glioma microenvironment: Contrasting heterogeneity landscapes
Authors: Sajjadi Seyedeh Fatemeh , Salehi Najmeh , Sadeghi Mehdi
Published: July 2024

Understanding the specific type of brain malignancy, source of brain metastasis, and underlying transformation mechanisms can help provide better treatment and less harm to patients. The tumor microenvironment plays a fundamental role in cancer progression and affects both primary and metastatic cancers. The use of single-cell RNA sequencing to gain insights into the heterogeneity profiles in the microenvironment of brain malignancies is useful for guiding treatment decisions. To comprehensively investigate the heterogeneity in gliomas and brain metastasis originating from different sources (lung and breast), we integrated data from three groups of single-cell RNA-sequencing datasets obtained from GEO. We gathered and processed single-cell RNA sequencing data from 90,168 cells obtained from 17 patients. We then employed the R package Seurat for dataset integration. Next, we clustered the data within the UMAP space and acquired differentially expressed genes for cell categorization. Our results underscore the significance of macrophages as abundant and pivotal constituents of gliomas. In contrast, lung-to-brain metastases exhibit elevated numbers of AT2, cytotoxic CD4+ T, and exhausted CD8+ T cells. Conversely, breast-to-brain metastases are characterized by an abundance of epithelial and myCAF cells. Our study not only illuminates the variation in the TME between brain metastasis with different origins but also opens the door to utilizing established markers for these cell types to differentiate primary brain metastatic cancers.
Experimental changes in food and ectoparasites affect dispersal timing in juvenile burrowing owls
Authors: Garcia Victoria , Conway Courtney J. , Nadeau Christopher P.
Published: July 2024

Natal dispersal is a key demographic trait that affects population dynamics, and intraspecific variation in dispersal affects gene flow among populations and source-sink dynamics. However, relatively little is known about the selective pressures and trade-offs that animals face when departing their natal area due to the logistical difficulties associated with monitoring animals during this critical life stage. We used a randomized block design to examine the selective pressure that influence dispersal timing in juvenile burrowing owls (Athene cunicularia) by experimentally altering both food and ectoparasites at 135 nests. We also examined the effects of local food abundance, ectoparasite loads, and parental departure on natal dispersal timing. Juvenile burrowing owls varied widely in natal dispersal timing, and phenotypic plasticity in dispersal timing was evident in juvenile owls’ response to our experimental treatments, local conditions, and their parents’ departure from the natal area. Moreover, juveniles responded differently than their parents to experimental manipulation of food and ectoparasite loads. Juveniles typically dispersed shortly after their parents departed the natal area, but delayed dispersing more than 2 weeks after parental departure if they did not receive experimental food supplements during a low-food year. In contrast, the experimental food supplements did not affect the migratory departure decisions of adult owls in either year. Juveniles at nests treated for ectoparasites initiated dispersal at a younger age (and prior to adults in the high-food year) compared to juveniles at control nests. In contrast, parents at nests treated for ectoparasites departed later than parents at control nests. Our results suggest that unfavorable conditions (low food or high ectoparasite loads) caused juveniles to delay dispersal, but prompted adults to depart sooner. Our results highlight the extent of intraspecific variation in natal dispersal timing, and demonstrate that ecological conditions affect dispersal decisions of parents and offspring differently, which can create important trade-offs that likely affect life history strategies and responses to climatic changes.
Deep learning-based respiratory muscle segmentation as a potential imaging biomarker for respiratory function assessment
Authors: Choi Insung , Choi Juwhan , Yong Hwan Seok , Yang Zepa
Published: July 2024

Respiratory diseases significantly affect respiratory function, making them a considerable contributor to global mortality. The respiratory muscles play an important role in disease prognosis; as such, quantitative analysis of the respiratory muscles is crucial to assess the status of the respiratory system and the quality of life in patients. In this study, we aimed to develop an automated approach for the segmentation and classification of three types of respiratory muscles from computed tomography (CT) images using artificial intelligence. With a dataset of approximately 600,000 thoracic CT images from 3,200 individuals, we trained the model using the Attention U-Net architecture, optimized for detailed and focused segmentation. Subsequently, we calculated the volumes and densities from the muscle masks segmented by our model and performed correlation analysis with pulmonary function test (PFT) parameters. The segmentation models for muscle tissue and respiratory muscles obtained dice scores of 0.9823 and 0.9688, respectively. The classification model, achieving a generalized dice score of 0.9900, also demonstrated high accuracy in classifying thoracic region muscle types, as evidenced by its F1 scores: 0.9793 for the pectoralis muscle, 0.9975 for the erector spinae muscle, and 0.9839 for the intercostal muscle. In the correlation analysis, the volume of the respiratory muscles showed a strong correlation with PFT parameters, suggesting that respiratory muscle volume may serve as a potential novel biomarker for respiratory function. Although muscle density showed a weaker correlation with the PFT parameters, it has a potential significance in medical research.
Evaluation of ex vivo drug combination optimization platform in recurrent high grade astrocytic glioma: An interventional, non-randomized, open-label trial protocol
Authors: Toh Tan Boon , Thng Dexter Kai Hao , Bolem Nagarjun , Vellayappan Balamurugan A. , Tan Bryce Wei Quan , Shen Yating , Soon Sou Yen , Ang Yvonne Li En , Dinesh Nivedh , Teo Kejia , Nga Vincent Diong Weng , Low Shiong Wen , Khong Pek Lan , Chow Edward Kai-Hua , Ho Dean , Yeo Tseng Tsai , Wong Andrea Li Ann
Published: July 2024

Introduction

High grade astrocytic glioma (HGG) is a lethal solid malignancy with high recurrence rates and limited survival. While several cytotoxic agents have demonstrated efficacy against HGG, drug sensitivity testing platforms to aid in therapy selection are lacking. Patient-derived organoids (PDOs) have been shown to faithfully preserve the biological characteristics of several cancer types including HGG, and coupled with the experimental-analytical hybrid platform Quadratic Phenotypic Optimization Platform (QPOP) which evaluates therapeutic sensitivity at a patient-specific level, may aid as a tool for personalized medical decisions to improve treatment outcomes for HGG patients.

Methods

This is an interventional, non-randomized, open-label study, which aims to enroll 10 patients who will receive QPOP-guided chemotherapy at the time of first HGG recurrence following progression on standard first-line therapy. At the initial presentation of HGG, tumor will be harvested for primary PDO generation during the first biopsy/surgery. At the point of tumor recurrence, patients will be enrolled onto the main study to receive systemic therapy as second-line treatment. Subjects who undergo surgery at the time of recurrence will have a second harvest of tissue for PDO generation. Established PDOs will be subject to QPOP analyses to determine their therapeutic sensitivities to specific panels of drugs. A QPOP-guided treatment selection algorithm will then be used to select the most appropriate drug combination. The primary endpoint of the study is six-month progression-free survival. The secondary endpoints include twelve-month overall survival, RANO criteria and toxicities. In our radiological biomarker sub-study, we plan to evaluate novel radiopharmaceutical-based neuroimaging in determining blood-brain barrier permeability and to assess in vivo drug effects on tumor vasculature over time.

Trial registration

This trial was registered on 8th September 2022 with ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05532397.
Evaluation of dental manifestations in X-linked hypophosphatemia using orthopantomography
Authors: Okawa Rena , Takagi Misato , Nakamoto Takashi , Kakimoto Naoya , Nakano Kazuhiko
Published: July 2024

Background

X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH) is the most common inherited form of rickets. The presence of sequence variations in the phosphate regulating endopeptidase homolog X-linked (PHEX) gene is associated with increased production of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23). This results in renal phosphate wasting and impaired skeletal mineralization. Spontaneous dental abscesses, caused by endodontic infections resulting from hypomineralization of dentin, are a known dental complication of XLH. There is no objective method to evaluate the severity of dentin dysplasia. The purpose of this study was to develop a quantitative method to evaluate dentin dysplasia using orthopantomography that would allow the values in patients with XLH to be compared with the values in healthy participants of the same age.

Methods

The severity of dentin dysplasia was analyzed by measuring the pulp cavity area of the tooth using orthopantomographic images. The teeth analyzed were mandibular second primary molars and mandibular first permanent molars with complete root formation. Teeth with dental caries, restorations, or root resorption were excluded.

Results

This retrospective observational study included a total of 200 images of healthy participants (aged 2–15 years) divided into five age groups and 42 images of 17 patients with XLH. There was a significant tendency for the pulp cavity area to decrease with increasing age in primary and permanent teeth. The pulp chambers of patients with XLH were larger than those of healthy participants in primary and permanent teeth.

Conclusion

We have established a method of using orthopantomography for quantitative assessment of dentin dysplasia in XLH from the primary dentition to the permanent dentition. Evaluating the severity of dentin hypomineralization by this method is useful in the diagnosis of the dental manifestations of XLH. Early diagnosis of XLH enables oral management and leads to prevention of dental abscesses.
Delineating maternal influence in regulation of variance in major economic traits of White Leghorns: Bayesian insights
Authors: Kour Aneet , Chatterjee R. N. , Rajaravindra K. S. , Prince L. Leslie Leo , Haunshi Santosh , Niranjan M. , Reddy B. L. N. , Rajkumar U.
Published: July 2024

Proper variance partitioning and estimation of genetic parameters at appropriate time interval is crucial for understanding the dynamics of trait variance and genetic correlations and for deciding the future breeding strategy of the population. This study was conducted on the same premise to estimate genetic parameters of major economic traits in a White Leghorn strain IWH using Bayesian approach and to identify the role of maternal effects in the regulation of trait variance. Three different models incorporating the direct additive effect (Model 1), direct additive and maternal genetic effect (Model 2) and direct additive, maternal genetic and maternal permanent environmental effects (Model 3) were tried to estimate the genetic parameters for body weight traits (birth weight, body weight at 16, 20, 40 and 52 weeks), Age at sexual maturity (ASM), egg production traits (egg production up to 24, 28, 40, 52, 64 and 72 weeks) and egg weight traits (egg weight at 28, 40 and 52 weeks). Model 2 and Model 3 with maternal effects were found to be the best having the highest accuracy for almost all the traits. The direct additive genetic heritability was moderate for ASM, moderate to high for body weight traits and egg weight traits and low to moderate for egg production traits. Though the maternal heritability (h2mat) and permanent environmental effect (c2mpe) was low (<0.1) for most of the traits, they formed an important component of trait variance. Traits like egg weight at 28 weeks (0.14±0.06) and egg production at 72 weeks (0.13±0.07) reported comparatively higher values for c2mpe and h2mat respectively. Additive genetic correlation was high and positive between body weight traits, between egg weight traits, between consecutive egg production traits and between body weight and egg weight traits. However, a negative genetic correlation existed between egg production and egg weight traits, egg production and body weight traits, ASM and early egg production traits. Overall, a moderate positive genetic correlation was estimated between ASM and body weight traits and ASM and egg weight traits. Based on our findings, we can deduce that maternal effects constitute an important source of variation for all the major economic traits in White Leghorn and should be necessarily considered in genetic evaluation programs.
Physiological effects of alfaxalone anesthesia on rhesus monkeys during intravenous glucose tolerance testing
Authors: Vaughan Kelli L. , Toepfer Kielee , Mattison Julie A.
Published: July 2024

Laboratory animal research with nonhuman primates (NHPs) requires anesthesia for most procedures to ensure safety and consistency in sample collection. However, anesthesia drugs can have adverse effects on the physiological measures of interest. Alfaxalone, most notably used in dogs and cats, offers rapid onset, short duration of action, and has a high safety margin. Here, we compared our current anesthesia protocol using Telazol, to three different doses of alfaxalone during a one-hour intravenous glucose tolerance test, the standard evaluation of glucose metabolism in NHPs. Results indicate there are no differences in the rate of glucose metabolism, anesthesia depth measurements, or total duration of sedation, but induction, number of supplemental doses required, and recovery time to eating were affected by the different doses of alfaxalone. Cardiovascular measures showed variability between the four protocols in respiratory rate and systolic blood pressure rates only. These results indicate that alfaxalone can produce a reliable state of anesthesia, similar to our current protocol, and confers minimal cardiovascular or metabolic disturbance, as well as enhanced recovery characteristics. As such, alfaxalone is a promising anesthetic for use in laboratory animals and further investigation is warranted.
Termomechanical Treatment of Recycled Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) Refuse: A Way to Avoid its Waste
Authors: Scari Alexandre , Cipriano Júnior Giovane
Published: July 2024

During the recycling process of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), particles with low granulometry (refuse) may stick to the screw of the extruder and be discarded. In order to avoid its disposal, this research carries out a hot pressing of this refuse to allow its use. First, the ideal duration of hot pressing for this case was determined. Next, the resulting material was evaluated by drilling and manual sawing processes, and its mechanical properties were obtained by compression tests. The medium elastic modulus obtained by experimental tests was 1.13 GPa and, its medium strength, 68.5 MPa. Yet, the resulting material presented satisfactory performance by drilling and manual sawing processes.
Using Diet to Treat Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review
Authors: Gleave Alexandra , Shah Aryan , Tahir Umair , Blom Jedid-Jah , Dong Ethan , Patel Ayush , Marshall John K. , Narula Neeraj
Published: July 2024

INTRODUCTION:

To review the efficacy of various dietary interventions for induction of clinical remission in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and provide healthcare providers with a practical reference for recommending suitable diets for managing patients with IBD.

METHODS:

PubMed, Medline(R), and Cochrane were searched from inception up to February 17, 2023, to identify all studies reporting information on using diet to treat IBD. Studies investigating the role of dietary interventions in adult patients with a confirmed diagnosis of active IBD for improvement or remission of IBD symptoms were rigorously considered. Sample meal plans, with a list of included and excluded foods, were also generated to provide clinicians with practical tools for advising patients on dietary intake.

RESULTS:

Eleven included studies provided data on 10 distinct diets: autoimmune protocol diet, high-fiber diet, 4-strategies-to-SUlfide-Reduction diet, highly restricted diet, McMaster elimination diet for Crohn's disease, specific carbohydrate diet, Mediterranean diet, Crohn's disease exclusion diet, individualized elimination diet, and the food-specific IgG4-guided exclusion diet. A total of 9 studies provided data on clinical remission. Many of these diets share common elements, such as an initial elimination phase with subsequent reintroduction of dietary components, inclusion of whole foods, and exclusion of highly or ultraprocessed foods.

DISCUSSION:

Currently, there is limited evidence to support the use of specific diets to treat adult patients with mildly to moderately active IBD. Larger, randomized studies with standardized methodologies and outcome measures, rigorous adherence assessment, and an emphasis on endoscopic assessment outcome measures are required to validate most diets that have been studied for IBD. The included sample diet plans and dietary recommendations may prove helpful in the interim as part of a holistic strategy to manage patients with IBD.
Desenvolvimento Profissional Docente na Educação Superior: constituição e contribuições de espaços formativos à docência universitária
Authors: Campos Vanessa T. Bueno , Morais Sarah Juvencino de Oliveira
Published: July 2024

Neste artigo, apresentamos dados de investigações realizadas entre 2016 a 2020 sobre a constituição de espaços de formação pedagógica e desenvolvimento profissional docente. As questões orientadoras deste estudo foram: em que espaços são desenvolvidas as ações de formação pedagógica de professores(as) universitários(as)? Quais as contribuições desses espaços na formação pedagógica e no desenvolvimento profissional docente? A pesquisa é exploratória de abordagem qualitativa. Os dados foram obtidos por análise documental e realização de entrevistas. Constatamos que, para compensar a ausência de políticas públicas voltadas à formação pedagógica de docentes universitários(as), a UFU tem instituído espaços de formação e desenvolvimento profissional. Contudo, não fazem parte de uma política institucional da UFU e desenvolvem ações pontuais e fragmentadas. Consideramos válidas as iniciativas da UFU, mas somente a implementação de políticas públicas de formação de docentes universitários(as) incidirá na qualidade das ações docentes e no desenvolvimento profissional.
A ambientalização curricular em um curso de licenciatura em ciências biológicas: experiências docentes sob a perspectiva ecofenomenológica
Authors: Aloisio Rafael Margatto , Iared Valéria Ghisloti
Published: July 2024

O objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar a ambientalização curricular sob o olhar das experiências vivenciadas por professores de um curso de Licenciatura em Ciências Biológicas. A investigação, pautada em referenciais ecofenomenológicos, foi desenvolvida na Universidade Federal do Paraná com o curso de Licenciatura em Ciências Biológicas. Após a análise do Projeto Pedagógico Curricular e das ementas das disciplinas do curso, percebeu-se que 21 disciplinas eram condizentes com a ambientalização curricular. Seis docentes responsáveis pelas disciplinas foram convidados a participar de uma entrevista por meio de um walking ethnography, que resultaram em seis narrativas.  Por meio da análise das seis narrativas, emergiram três categorias intituladas de: i) Postura cotidiana; ii) Memórias; e iii) Relação pessoal e profissional. As discussões demonstram a importância de abordar as temáticas ambientais na Educação Superior de forma que propiciem reflexões e vivências para além do antropocentrismo.
Um Bildungsroman fora do cânone? Rahel Varnhagen, A Vida De Uma Judia Alemã Na Época Do Romantismo, de Hannah Arendt
Authors: Eccel Daiane
Published: July 2024

Resumo: A principal biógrafa de Hannah Arendt, Elisabeth Young-Bruehl indaga se a obra de Arendt a respeito de Rahel Varnhagen não seria um tipo sui generis de Bildungsroman. Nossa proposta é investigar o livro de Arendt sob este questionamento: há elementos formativos neste trabalho de Arendt? Para enfrentar tal tema, nos propomos a discutir a relação entre o contexto histórico de Rahel, associado às suas experiências individuais segundo a leitura da própria Arendt. Nossa hipótese é que esta hibridez presente no texto de Arendt, ou seja, as instituições culturais em conflito com o sofrimento de Rahel, constituem sua própria formação. Neste sentido, a obra poderia ser lida como um Bildungsroman, ainda que a intenção de Arendt não fosse essa ao escrevê-la.
Palavras-chave: Hannah Arendt; Romance de Formação; Educação; Estética
A Bildungsroman outside the canon? Rahel Varnhagen, The Life Of Jewess Woman, by Hannah Arendt
Abstract: The main biographer of Hannah Arendt, Elisabeth Young-Bruehl, wonders if the work from Arendt about Rahel Varnhagen would not be a sui generis type of Bildungsroman. This article proposes to investigate the book of Arendt under this question: are there, in fact, formative elements in the work Rahel Varnhagen: the life of a Jewish woman? To this end, we propose to discuss the relationship between historical context of Rahel associated with her individual experiences according to Arendt. Our hypothesis is that this hybridity present in this text from Arendt, that is, the cultural institutions in conflict with the suffering of Rahel, constitute her own formation. In this sense, the work could be read as a Bildungsroman, even though this was not the first intention for Hannah Arendt.
Keywords: Hannah Arendt; Bildungsroman; Education; Aesthetics
Ein Bildungsroman außerhalb des kanons? Rahel Varnhagen, Lebensgeschichte Einer Deutschen Jüdin Aus Der Romantik, von Hannah Arendt
Zusamennfassung: Die Hauptbiografin von Hannah Arendt, Elisabeth Young-Bruehl, fragt sich, ob das Buch von Arendt über Rahel Varnhagen nicht eine Art Bildungsroman sui generis sei. In diesem Artikel soll das Buch von Arendt über Rahel auf diese Frage hin untersucht werden: Gibt es tatsächlich prägende Elemente in Rahel Varnhagen, Lebensgeschichte einer Deutschen Jüdin aus der Romantik? Zu diesem Zweck schlagen wir vor, die Beziehung zwischen dem historischen Kontext von Rahel und ihren individuellen Erfahrungen nach Arendt zu diskutieren. Unsere Hypothese ist, dass diese Hybridität in diesem Text von Arendt, das heißt, die kulturellen Institutionen im Konflikt mit dem Leiden von Rahel ihre eigene Bildung. In diesem Sinne könnte das Werk als Bildungsroman gelesen werden, auch wenn dies nicht die erste Absicht von Hannah Arendt war.
Mots-clés: Hannah Arendt; Bildungsroman; Erziehung; Ästhetik
 
Data de registro: 16/01/2023
Data de aceite: 18/10/2023
“Saí da minha zona de conforto pela primeira vez sem perceber” – subjetividade, verdade e cuidado de Si
Authors: Ferrari Anderson , Polato de Castro Roney
Published: July 2024

Resumo: Nas comemorações de 40 anos do curso “Hermenêutica do Sujeito”, somos provocados a pensar a potencialidade dessa obra para colocar sob investigação um problema que as atualiza constantemente: a relação entre a subjetividade, verdade e o cuidado de si. Pois foi respondendo a essa provocação que elegemos uma aula de Filosofia numa escola particular para problematizar essa relação. A aula se desdobrou num trabalho em que os alunos eram desafiados a saírem de suas “zonas de conforto” e, assim, entrarem contato consigo mesmos num trabalho de tomar-se como objetos de investigação e de produção de discursos verdadeiros sobre si mesmos. Um trabalho em especial nos chamou atenção e ele que vamos trazer para explorar essas relações do cuidado de si que se renovam na atualidade.
Palavras-chave: Subjetividade; Verdade; Cuidado de Si; Educação
“I left my comfort zone for the first time without realizing it” – subjectivity, truth and self-care
Abstract: In the celebrations of 40 years of the course “Hermeneutics of the Subject”, we are provoked to think about the potential of this work to put under investigation a problem that constantly updates them: the relationship between subjectivity, truth and self-care. Because it was in response to this provocation that we chose a Philosophy class in a private school to problematize this relationship. The class unfolded in a work in which students were challenged to leave their “comfort zones” and, thus, get in touch with themselves in a work of taking themselves as objects of investigation and production of true discourses about themselves. One work in particular caught our attention and we are going to bring it to explore these relationships of self-care that are renewed today.
Keywords: Subjectivity; Truth; Self-Care; Education
“Salí por la primera vez de mi zona de confort sin darme cuenta” – subjetividad, verdad y cuidado de sí
Resumen: En los festejos de los 40 años del curso “Hermenéutica del Sujeto”, nos incita a pensar en las potencialidades de este trabajo para poner en investigación un problema que los actualiza constantemente: la relación entre subjetividad, verdad y cuidado de sí. Porque fue en respuesta a esta provocación que elegimos una clase de Filosofía en una escuela privada para problematizar esta relación. La clase se desenvolvió en un trabajo en el que se desafió a los estudiantes a salir de sus “zonas de confort” y así entrar en contacto consigo mismos en un trabajo de tomarse a sí mismos como objetos de investigación y producción de verdaderos discursos sobre sí mismos. Una obra en particular nos llamó la atención y la vamos a traer para explorar estas relaciones de autocuidado que hoy se renuevan.
Palabra clave: Subjetividad; Verdad; Cuidado de Sí; Educación
Data de registro: 23/01/2023
Data de aceite: 20/03/2024
The Correlation between Understanding the Independent Learning – Kampus Merdeka (MBKM) Curriculum with the Fulfilment of PAI Student Learning Rights
Authors: Mohamad Agung Rokhimawan  , Muhammad Ghozil Aulia  , Ikhsan Rifai  , Azahro Suci Luthfiah Azahro
Published: July 2024

Purpose – The lack of information on the Merdeka Belajar and Kampus Merdeka (MBKM) curriculum has made students not take the MBKM programs. The study aims to determine to what extent the relation between PAI students' understanding of the Merdeka Belajar – Kampus Merdeka (MBKM) curriculum policy implemented at Islamic Religious Universities (PTKI) and the fulfillment of PAI students' learning rights.
Design/methods/approach – The type of research used is quantitative research with a correlational survey design. Data collection was conducted using a questionnaire containing 49 questions, where all questions were validated and the results were reliable. From a population of 650 students from 15 PTKI, 152 Islamic religious education students were taken as respondents. The collected data was analyzed using simple linear regression analysis.
Findings – The analysis results obtained a value of r = 0.932 and a significance value of 0.00 (p < 0.05). The R Square (R2) result was 0.869, showing that 86.9% of PAI students can understand the concept of the MBKM curriculum at PTKI well so that there is a decision-making relation to take the learning rights of PAI students.
Research implications/limitations – This research is limited to understanding the concept of the MBKM curriculum. Therefore, further research is expected to reach the implementation stage of the MBKM curriculum. In addition, policymakers should consider expanding the implementation of Merdeka Curriculum programs to a broader scale.
Originality/value – The study results have proved the PAI students' ability to understand the concept of the MBKM curriculum related to the fulfillment of their learning rights. Most PAI students can understand the basic concepts of the MBKM curriculum. However, there are still some PAI students who do not understand holistically, requiring treatment to improve their understanding of the MBKM curriculum concept.
Rekonseptualisasi Model Citizen Lawsuit dan Pengoptimalan Society 5.0 Sebagai Upaya Reformasi Penegakan Hukum Acara Perdata di Indonesia
Authors: Ridlo Ahmad Rayhan Thoha , Alfandy Muhammad Daffa , Rahmadianingrum Azaria
Published: July 2024

Abstract: The presence of the citizen lawsuit model in civil procedural law enforcement is one example that the law is dynamic following the development of human direction and mindset. Citizen lawsuit is defined as a model lawsuit that was born and known in a country with a common law legal system where citizens on behalf of the public interest are given space to file a lawsuit against unlawful acts committed by state administrators. However, countries that adopt the civil law legal system also implement it, such as the Netherlands which is known as actio popularis and Indonesia. The problem is, the implementation of this lawsuit model has not been regulated at all by national law, causing the practice of citizen lawsuits that have not been uniform, but have a disparity pattern (not uniform). In this paper, the author reconceptualizes the citizen lawsuit model as an effort to create integrated and systematic civil procedural law enforcement. The reconceptualization of the citizen lawsuit model consists of 4 (four) stages, namely the petition system stage, the notification stage, the administrative stage, and the judicial stage.
 
Abstrak: Kehadiran model citizen lawsuit dalam penegakan hukum acara perdata merupakan salah satu contoh bahwasannya hukum bersifat dinamis mengikuti perkembangan arah serta pola pikir manusia. Citizen lawsuit didefinisikan sebagai suatu model gugatan yang lahir dan dikenal dalam negara dengan sistem hukum common law dimana warga negara atas nama kepentingan umum diberi ruang untuk mengajukan gugatan terhadap perbuatan melawan hukum yang dilakukan oleh penyelenggara negara. Namun, negara-negara yang menganut sistem hukum civil law pun turut melaksanakannya, seperti Belanda yang dikenal dengan istilah actio popularis dan Indonesia. Permasalahannya, pelaksanaan model gugatan ini belum diatur sama sekali oleh hukum nasional sehingga menimbulkan praktik citizen lawsuit yang belum bercorak uniformitas (seragam), melainkan bercorak disparitas (tidak seragam). Dalam tulisan ini, Penulis merekonseptualisasikan model citizen lawsuit sebagai upaya menciptakan penegakan hukum acara perdata yang terintegrasi dan sistematis. Rekonseptualisasi model citizen lawsuit terdiri atas 4 (empat) tahapan, yaitu tahap sistem petisi, tahap notifikasi, tahap administrasi, dan tahap yudisial.
Konstruksi Leniency Program Sebagai Penumpasan Politik Teritorial Pertambangan dalam Perwujudan Ecological Citizenship
Authors: Yustika Anindya , Abimanyu Mevlana El Rumi , Yhauma MuttamIimul
Published: July 2024

Abstract: Indonesia's abundant natural resources, particularly minerals and coal, prompted this study. Article 33(3) of the 1945 Constitution explicitly states that natural resources should benefit the people. However, illegal mining persists, profiting only a select few. Therefore, implementing the Leniency Program in Indonesia is crucial to fostering ecological citizenship. This legal research employs a normative juridical approach, incorporating conceptual and legislative perspectives. The findings indicate ongoing law enforcement issues in the mining sector, involving mining mafias. Consequently, the Leniency Program could serve as a novel strategy to eradicate mining mafias. Abstrak: Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh kekayaan sumber daya alam Indonesia, khususnya mineral dan batu bara. Sebagaimana yang diamanatkan dalam Pasal 33 Ayat 3 UUD 1945, sumber daya alam harus dimanfaatkan untuk sebesar-besarnya kemakmuran rakyat. Namun pada kenyataannya, praktik pertambangan ilegal masih marak terjadi dan hanya menguntungkan segelintir pihak. Oleh karena itu, penerapan Program Leniency menjadi penting untuk dikaji dalam rangka penegakan keadilan ekologi di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan konseptual dan perundang-undangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan masih adanya permasalahan penegakan hukum di sektor pertambangan, yang melibatkan mafia pertambangan. Dengan demikian, Program Leniency dapat menjadi strategi baru untuk memberantas mafia tambang.
CO2 monitor for measurement of ventilation in closed environments, COVID-19 prevention, and improvement of work performance
Authors: Vorobioff Juan , Boggio Norberto Gabriel , Checozzi Federico Ricardo , Pinto Garrón Tamara , Rinaldi Carlos
Published: July 2024

Objective: Humans produce and exhale CO2, thus the concentration of this gas increases in closed environments. The CO2 concentration of air is often used as a reference to measure the ventilation rate. The typical outdoor CO2 concentration is approximately 400 ppm, although it can be as high as 500 ppm. Concentrations greater than 20000 ppm result in deep breathing, higher than 100000 ppm cause visual disturbances and tremors with possible loss of consciousness and over 250000 ppm may cause death. In buildings with no change on their ventilation rate, high CO2 concentrations have negative effects on decision making and working performance. At 1000 ppm, performance is significantly reduced in six of nine decision-making metrics compared to 600 ppm. In this work, a CO2 flexible monitor is designed to measure ventilation in closed environments.
Methodology: Electrolytic and infrared CO2 sensors with a detection range of 350 to up to 10000 ppm were used. The used sensors have good sensitivity and selectivity to CO2. The gas monitor has a simple calibration system, whereby softwareautomatically adjusts the calibration curve parameters after circulating clean air. The design of a gas bench used to verify sensor calibration is also shown.
Results: A set of measurements were performed with electrochemical gas sensors and infrared (IR) gas sensors to test the functionality of the equipment. Experimental work has shown sensors have a satisfactory response for this application. The margins of error are +5 % of the reading value.
Conclusions: A low cost, flexible gas monitor for indoor environments like schools, offices, laboratories, and industries was designed in this work. Due to the flexible design, a network of gas monitors strategically distributed in the different spaces of the buildings is proposed.
Fundings: Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Buenos Aires, Argentina
Factors influencing University Technological Transfer in Colombia
Authors: Sarmiento Suárez Jaime Enrique , Galvis Ciro Juan Camilo
Published: July 2024

The formal university technology transfer (TTU) in Colombia can contribute significantly to the country’s economic development. Based on the Theory of Resources and Capacities, this paper investigates the determinants of transfer in Colombian public and private universities. For this, we used structural equations methodology from data collected through a survey of 20 Colombian universities. The results of the estimates empirically confirm the significance of the financial, commercial, cultural, and human dimensions in the technology transfer process. Among the main factors that positively influence the TTU are: 1. the importance of external financial resources, 2. having a technological portfolio, 3. the time that transfer activities have been carried out, and 4. the people in charge’s experience.: The study shows us that it is necessary to strengthen policies within universities and improve their articulation with firms to achieve more successful technology transfer processes.
Método constructivo para una arquitectura vernácula en La Yerbabuena, Jalisco, México
Authors: Robles-Ponce Alma Alicia , Martín del Campo-Saray Francisco José , Armendáriz-López José Francisco
Published: July 2024

En La Yerbabuena, Jalisco, México, destaca una tipología de construcción con base en materiales vernáculos. Las personas de esta comunidad han perdido la costumbre de utilizar este tipo de materiales por pensar que son de baja calidad y reducen el estatus social y económico, por consiguiente, el objetivo de investigación fue indagar sobre métodos constructivos que existen en esta comunidad, para proponer un método constructivo vernáculo que brinde información a los habitantes de este lugar e incitar a que exista el gusto por conservar y construir las viviendas con este método arquitectónico. La investigación que se realizó fue de tipo analítica y propositiva, en el contexto histórico de las viviendas edificadas en La Yerbabuena, de la región de la Sierra de Amula, Jalisco. Como conclusión, se señala que las casas vernáculas que prevalecen en La Yerbabuena tienen de 100 a 120 años de antigüedad y sus usuarios mencionan que brindan confort térmico, acústico, de iluminación y ventilación natural, lo que propicia que recomienden ampliamente este sistema constructivo con base en su experiencia habitable.
Bosques y desarrollo urbano sostenible en Guayaquil Metropolitano. Un análisis multiescalar y comparativo
Authors: Delgado-Bohórquez Alina , Ávila Beneras Carmen , Vasco Palacios Katya Lorena
Published: July 2024

En las actuales condiciones de cambio climático, las naciones alrededor del mundo y en la región de América Latina enfrentan el desafío de atender las demandas resultantes de un constante crecimiento urbano y al mismo tiempo tratar de reducir el daño ambiental. Ecuador, particularmente Guayaquil, no es una excepción a lo anterior. Es una ciudad que históricamente ha sufrido una continua degradación de sus dos principales ecosistemas naturales, el bosque seco tropical y el manglar, debido a un extendido desarrollo urbano. Los objetivos de este estudio fueron analizar la relación de los bosques o remanentes de bosques con unidades barriales seleccionadas y la influencia de la forma urbana de estas unidades en la sostenibilidad y bienestar de sus habitantes. Se realiza un análisis multiescalar y comparativo de diferentes patrones urbanos a nivel de barrio. Adicionalmente, la investigación propone el uso de los instrumentos de gestión del suelo con objetivos ambientales y sociales. Los resultados denotan la interacción o falta de ella, entre los bosques urbanos, la morfología de unidades barriales de los casos seleccionados y la relación con el bienestar de los residentes y el desarrollo urbano sostenible. Finalmente, el estudio analiza las potencialidades o restricciones de los enfoques seleccionados para incrementar los beneficios de la relación bosques urbanos-unidades barriales, y el uso de políticas integradoras para la protección de los bosques en el área metropolitana de Guayaquil.