bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Researching of the Structure and Properties of Wear-resistant Coatings Obtained by Surfacing With Powder Electrodes Based on the Fe-Ti-B-C System
Authors:   Ivano-Frankivsk National Technical University of Oil and Gas, Ivanov Olexandr
Published: January 2021

In this study the main purpose was to provide “in situ” synthesis while flux cored arc welding (FCAW) for obtaining hardfacing with fine structure with uniformly distributed titanium borides and carbides in the Fe-Ti-B-C system. Also, Fe-Ti-Mo-B-C with equimolar content of Me/B4C was researched. Powders electrodes was manufactured with using of pure metal powders to provide “in situ” synthesis. Initial components were powders of Ti, Mo and B4C. It was investigated that the offered harfacings are characterized by high hardness and fine-grained structure. Addition of Ti to Fe-Mo-B-C system leads to elimination of the ferrite-boride eutectics, that exist in Fe-Mo-B-C. Also, the structure of hardfacing of Fe-Ti-Mo-B-C is characterized with absence of defects and pores that exist in case of using Fe-Ti-B-C hardfacing. Analysis was carried out using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electron backscatter diffraction (BSD). Hardness was measured by Rockwell method. According to the analysis of literature and experimental researches, a systems of powder electrode materials was manufactured by FCAW method with high content of hard borides and carbides. The obtained value of the hardness of Fe-Ti-B-C system is 67 HRC and for Fe-Ti-Mo-B-C system is 69 HRC.
Amelioration of Prenatal Lead-Induced Learning and Memory Impairments by Methanolic Extract of Zataria Multiflora in Male Rats
Authors:   Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran., Taheri Farahnaz , Sepehri Gholamreza ,   Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran., Sheibani Vahid ,   Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran., Sharififar Fariba ,   Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
Published: January 2021

Introduction: The current study aimed at evaluating the effects of Zataria Multiflora (ZM) on learning and memory of adult male offspring rats with prenatal lead-exposure. Methods: Pregnant rats in the case group received tap water containing 0.2% lead acetate throughout the gestation period. Control rats had free access to lead-free tap water. Two male offspring (two-month-old, weighing 180-200 g) from each mother were randomly selected and treated with either Z. Multiflora (50, 200, 400, and 800 mg/kg/ Intraperitoneally (I.P) /20 day) or saline. Spatial memory of the control, saline, and ZM-treated rats was evaluated by a training trial and probe test using Morris water maze (6-8 rat/group). Results: The obtained results showed memory deficits including increased escape latency, and a greater traveled distance, as well as decrements in the frequency of crossings into target quadrants in prenatally lead-exposed male offspring compared with the controls. ZM treatment (200 mg/kg/i.p) ameliorated the memory deficits in male offspring by increasing the time spent and traveled distance in the trigger zone (P<0.01 vs. saline).There was no significant difference in swimming speed between the groups. Conclusion: The results showed memory deficits in prenatally lead-exposed male offspring. ZM treatment (especially 200 mg/kg) had beneficial effects on cognitive behavior and was indicated as the improvement of lead-induced memory deficits in prenatally lead-exposed male rats. The exact mechanism(s) is not determined yet, but it could be mediated through the anticholinesterase and antioxidant effects and also alterations in Central Nervous System (CNS) and neurotransmission in the central nervous system.
The Relationship Between Acoustic Characteristics and Personality Dimensions in Patients With Dysphonia
Authors:   Department of Speech and Language Pathology, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Kasefy Somayeh , Torabinezhad Farhad ,   Department of Speech and Language Pathology, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Rasouli Mahboobeh ,   Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Zareifaskhodi Bentolhoda ,   Department of General Psychology, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran., Saffarian Arezoo ,   Department of Speech and Language Pathology, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Published: January 2021

Objectives: Voice is influenced by personality. However, it is still questionable which acoustic features are influenced by personality traits. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between acoustic characteristics and personality dimensions. Methods: Thirty-three participants with dysphonia and 33 participants without dysphonia were recruited to take part in this cross-sectional study. Personality dimensions were evaluated by the revised NEO personality inventory, and acoustic characteristics by using the Praat software. The tasks included prolongation of the vowel /a/, expression of declarative and interrogative sentences, reading, and connected speech. The acoustic features included fundamental frequency range, jitter, shimmer, harmonic-to-noise ratio, intensity, and duration. SPSS V. 23 was used for statistical analysis. For correlation analysis, the Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficients were employed. Results: In individuals with dysphonia, a significant relationship was observed between personality dimensions and the following acoustic features: A. extraversion and intensity in connected speech (P=0.045) and the reading task (P=0.036); B. openness and shimmer in /a/ vowel prolongation (P=0.003); C. openness and the harmonic-to-noise ratio in /a/ the vowel prolongation task (P=0.017); and D. agreeableness and duration in expressing interrogative sentences (P=0.019). Discussion: In Persian-speaking participants with and without dysphonia, some acoustic characteristics were significantly correlated with the mean score of the personality test (revised NEO personality inventory). It seems that each voice feature is influenced by personality dimensions. This finding indicates that changes in acoustic characteristics of voice due to personality can be evaluated in laboratory and hearing examinations.
Diagnostic Accuracy of the Photographic Expressive Persian Grammar Test to Identify 4-6 Years Old Children With Developmental Language Disorder
Authors:   Department of Speech Therapy, School of Paramedical Sciences, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran., Maleki ShahMahmood Toktam , Ghayoumi-Anaraki Zahra ,   Department of Speech Therapy, School of Paramedical Sciences, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran., Ebadi Abbas ,   Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Life Style Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Haresabadi Fatemeh ,   Department of Speech Therapy, School of Paramedical Sciences, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Published: January 2021

Objectives: Accurate diagnosis of Persian children with Developmental Language Disorder (DLD) is regarded as a challenge for Speech and Language Pathologists (SLPs) in Iran because of the lack of formal linguistic tests that can reliably distinguish language-impaired children from Typically-Developing (TD) children. This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of the photographic expressive Persian Grammar Test (PEGT). Methods: The participants were forty 4-6 years old monolingual Persian speakers who were categorized into two groups of DLD (n=20) and TD (n=20) children based on the MLU (mean length of utterance) scores as the reference standard and clinical judgment of an experienced speech-language pathologist. PEGT was administered to all participants, and the results were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test and Rock Chart (ROC) to estimate the ability of the PEGT to differentiate between children with DLD and TD and to determine its sensitivity, specificity, and the optimal cutoff point. Results: The results revealed that children with DLD performed significantly lower than their TD peers in the PEGT (P<0.05). Both sensitivity and specificity measures of PEGT were estimated as 100% at the optimal cut-off point of 12.5. Discussion: The data provide empirical support for the use of the PEGT for accurate diagnosis of preschool children with DLD from their TD peers.
Reliability, Validity, and Factor Structure of Religious Coping Scal
Authors:   Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India., Gull Mubashir , Husain Akbar ,   Department of Psychology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India.
Published: January 2021

Objectives: Parenting is a difficult task. Factors like social support, sense of coherence, self-esteem, hardiness, optimism, internal locus of control, and religious coping play a vital role in this area. This study aimed to develop a religious coping measure for parents of differently-abled children. It also aimed to explore the factor structure and reliability of a religious coping scale. Methods: Two hundred parents of differently-abled children completed the research measure. The mean age and standard deviation of the parents were 40.04 and 5.31 years, respectively. Exploratory factor analysis was employed to identify the potential factor structure of the religious coping scale. Results: The findings of this study demonstrated that the religious coping scale had 5 factors comprising “divinely seeking”, “coping attitude”, “religious faith”, “sense of possibility”, and “spiritual and social support”. Discussion: The study showed that the scale had good internal consistency, factorial, and content validity. Furthermore, a significant positive association was found between the dimensions of the religious coping scale. The results suggest that this scale is a reliable and valid tool for measuring religious coping among parents of differently-abled children.
Mulheres com Diagnóstico de Câncer de Mama em Tratamento com Tamoxifeno: Perfil Sociodemográfico e Clínico
Authors: Leite Franciéle Marabotti Costa , Bubach Susana , Amorim Maria Helena Costa , Castro Denise Silveira de , Primo Candida Caniçali
Published: January 2021

Introdução: No Brasil, além do índice elevado entre as mulheres, a neoplasia mamária constitui a primeira causa de óbito por câncer nessa população. No tratamento hormonal do carcinoma mamário, o tamoxifeno tem sido amplamente prescrito para todos os estágios da doença. Objetivo: Esta pesquisa tem por objetivo identificar o perfil sociodemográfico e clínico de mulheres com diagnóstico de câncer de mama submetidas à hormonioterapia com tamoxifeno. Método: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, transversal e quantitativo realizado no Hospital Santa Rita de Cássia, Vitória/Espírito Santo. A população do estudo foi constituída por 270 mulheres com diagnóstico de câncer de mama em hormonioterapia com tamoxifeno. Resultados: Observou-se que a maioria das mulheres encontrava-se na faixa etária de 41 a 60 anos, é casada ou vive como casada, possui o ensino fundamental incompleto, refere ser católica, pertence à classe econômica D. Essas mulheres fazem uso de tamoxifeno há menos de um ano e apresentaram efeitos colaterais, dos quais os mais frequentes foram os fogachos. Foram submetidas aos três tipos de tratamento (cirurgia do tipo conservadora, radioterapia e quimioterapia) e diagnosticadas nos estádios I e II. Conclusão: Verificou-se que a maioria das mulheres em uso de tamoxifeno apresentou efeitos colaterais ao utilizar a droga.
Detecção do Câncer de Mama: Conhecimento, Atitude e Prática dos Médicos e Enfermeiros da Estratégia Saúde da Família de Mossoró, RN, Brasil
Authors: Jácome Epaminondas de Medeiros , Silva Raimunda Magalhães da , Gonçalves Marcelo Luiz Carvalho , Collares Patrícia Moreira Costa , Barbosa Isabella Lima
Published: January 2021

Introdução: O câncer de mama é uma doença heterogênea e complexa, observada pelas múltiplas formas de apresentação clínica e morfológica, pelos graus de agressividade tumoral e potencial metastático. Neste sentido, para atender aos princípios do Sistema Único de Saúde, o Ministério da Saúde priorizou a família como elemento básico para a assistência. Objetivo: Investigar o conhecimento, atitude e práticas dos médicos e enfermeiros da Estratégia Saúde da Família de Mossoró (RN) com relação à detecção precoce do câncer de mama. Metodologia: Estudo transversal e inferencial. A coleta dos dados realizou-se em março de 2008 com a utilização de questionário autoaplicável. Participaram 33 médicos e 47 enfermeiros com idade média de 42 anos. Resultados: O tempo de atuação na atenção básica e a grande rotatividade entre os profissionais de saúde no serviço dificultam sua capacitação. Há uma valorização do exame clínico das mamas, em detrimento à solicitação da mamografia na busca do diagnóstico precoce do câncer de mama. A insuficiência de profissionais de saúde habilitados e o desconhecimento da população são fatores limitadores ao rastreamento do câncer de mama. Ocorre solicitação reduzida da mamografia em mulheres jovens de alto risco. Conclusão: Observou-se a necessidade de qualificação dos profissionais para consolidar o Programa Nacional de Educação Permanente em Saúde, aumentar a oferta de exames mamográfico e promover educação em saúde para a população.
A ética do discurso na construção de um agir ético na manipulação da espécie
Authors: Santos Miguel da Silva , Ferriz José Luis Sepúlveda
Published: January 2021

Este artigo apresenta os argumentos que Habermas utiliza para estabelecer mecanismos éticos com vistas às questões da manipulação genética, mais especificamente o problema da eugenia. A razão comunicativa na filosofia da linguagem é a base para o estudo bem como o discurso e consenso mediados pela argumentação de proposições morais válidas entre sujeitos capazes de agir e falar. A auto-compreensão da existência e autocompreensão ética se situam como elementos de intersubjetividade, liberdade e dignidade humana da pessoa, que estão presentes mesmo desde a sua concepção. Os conceitos kierkegaardianos da existência aliam-se à perspectiva pós-metafísica da filosofa analítica, tendo como centro a capacidade de tornar-se indivíduo diante de uma autocompreensão ética da espécie. Apresenta a questão da dignidade humana do embrião, tendo como suporte o começo da vida humana e sua inclusão no mundo da vida. Além disso, apresenta conceitos e noções sobre biologia genética com o objetivo de esclarecer a terminologia técnica apresentada durante o desenvolvimento do trabalho. A metodologia a ser utilizada é a estrutural, a qual é apresentada, em geral, nas obras de Habermas. A pesquisa bibliográfica de referenciais teóricos será utilizada como material complementar.
Penerapan Teknologi Tepat Guna Berbasis Energi Terbarukan di desa Kiama Kabupaten Kepulauan Talaud
Authors: Rumbayan Meita , Sompie Sherwin , Rumbayan Rilya
Published: January 2021

Fokus kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat di desa Kiama ini untuk memberikan solusi terhadap masalah keterbatasan energi listrik yang dialami oleh masyarakat di kepulauan Talaud. Tujuan pengabdian masyarakat sebagai hilirisasi hasil riset penulis tentang teknologi energi terbarukan untuk masyarakat kepulauan. Metode pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah (1) Penerapan teknologi tepat guna berbasis energi terbarukan berupa lampu jalan tenaga surya dan tenaga angin untuk peningkatan akses listrik; (2) Pelatihan dan bimbingan teknis oleh tim pelaksana kepada mitra mengenai pengoperasian dan perawatan sistem teknologi tepat guna yang diterapkan. Melalui transfer teknologi dalam kegiatan IbM ini diharapkan implementasi teknologi terjaga kelanjutannya; Hasil pengabdian masyarakat adalah instalasi penerapan teknologi tepat guna berupa tenaga surya dan tenaga angin dan meningkatnya pengetahuan masyarakat mengenai teknologi tepat guna yang dilakukan melalui pelatihan ke mitra masyarakat karang taruna di desa Kiama Kabupaten Kepulauan Talaud.
Pelatihan Keterampilan Mengajar Di Pondok Pesantren Bahrul Maghfiroh Kota Malang
Authors: Rachman Anita Kurnia , Sumarsilah Siti , Susandi Susandi
Published: January 2021

Keterampilan dasar mengajar merupakan keterampilan yang harus dimiliki guru untuk melaksanakan tugas mengajar secara profesional. Kegiatan pengabdian ini dilakukan oleh Dosen Prodi Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia IKIP Budi Utomo Malang bekerja sama dengan  Pondok Pesantren Bahrul Maghfiroh Malang. Kegiatan ini memberikan solusi bagi permasalahan yang dialami mitra. Solusi tersebut meliputi pelatihan keterampilan membuka pelajaran, keterampilan menutup pelajaran, keterampilan menjelaskan, keterampilan bertanya, keterampilan memberi penguatan, keterampilan mengadakan variasi, keterampilan membimbing diskusi kelompok, keterampilan mengajar kelompok kecil dan mengajar perseorangan, serta keterampilan mengelola kelas. Hasil kegiatan ini guru mampu menguasai sembilan keterampilan dasar mengajar. Kegiatan pelatihan keterampilan dasar mengajar dilaksanakan selama tiga hari dan memberikan pengalaman, pemahaman dan membantu para pengajar dalam mengoptimalkan peran di dalam kelas.
Auditor Switching, Financial Distress, and Financial Statement Fraud Practices with Audit Report Lag as Intervening Variable
Authors: Widharma Fandry , Susilowati Endah
Published: January 2021

This research aims to examine Auditor Switching and Financial Distress's effect on the possibility of Financial Statement Fraud occurrence, which is proxied by using the F-Score formula, and Audit Report Lag Intervening variable. This study's subjects are companies engaged in manufacturing and listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) with a research period in 2014-2018. The sample in this study used a non-probabilistic purposive sampling technique with a total of 27 manufacturing companies. The analysis technique in this study uses Partial Least Square (PLS) with smart PLS 3.0 tools. Results indicate that financial distress and audit report lag directly affect Financial Statement fraud. Auditor report lag as an intervening variable does not influence the relationship between auditor switching, financial distress, and Financial Statement fraud. These results imply that investors must be more careful in investing in the company with a lag in their audit reports. It is also suggested that management mustcontinue to be cautious with the opportunity to do fraud in the financial statement.
Does Managerial Ownership Moderate the Relationship between Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure and Tax Aggressiveness?
Authors: Anggraeni Devi Putri , Hastuti Sri
Published: January 2021

Companies' disclosure is an important thing to do because it is one of the corporate governance concepts. The purpose of this study is first to investigate the influence of corporate social responsibility disclosure on corporate tax aggressiveness. Also, to prove the influence of managerial ownership as a moderating variable in the relationship between corporate social responsibility and tax aggressiveness. This study uses secondary data, namely financial statements and annual reports that have been published by companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange and the company's website. This study's population are mining companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the 2014-2018 period. Using the purposive sampling method, the total sample of this study is 30 data from 39 companies. Data were analyzed by descriptive analysis and multiple regression analysis. The results of this study indicate that Corporate social responsibility disclosure affects tax aggressiveness. And managerial ownership as a moderating variable affects the relationship between corporate social responsibility disclosure and tax aggressiveness. It is suggested that companies must pay attention to the CSR disclosure and ownership structure and their relationship with tax aggressiveness.
What Most Influence on Non-Performing Loan in Indonesia? Bank Accounting Perspective with MARS Analysis
Authors: Shonhadji Nanang
Published: January 2021

The research objective is to examine factors that affect non-performing loans at conventional private banks in Indonesia. These factors include growth in gross domestic product, interest rates, currency exchange rates, exports, credit growth, inflation, return on asset, operating costs to operating income, and the capital adequacy ratio. The sample used in this study was conventional private banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange 2014-2019. Data analysis techniques using Multivariate adaptive regression spline (MARS). The study results inform that there is an influence between the predictor variables and the response variables based on functions in the model. The variables that affect non-performing loans are credit growth, exchange rates, inflation, capital adequacy ratio, return on asset, operating costs to operating income, and interest rates. In contrast, gross domestic product growth and export growth in this study do not affect non-performing loans in conventional private banks. The MARS model has informed that the most influential variable on non-performing loans is credit growth. Banking authorities need to control lending through the application of credit risk management and regulating the quality of credit loans to contribute to the results in this study.
The Role of Prudence in Moderating the Effect of Bonus Mechanism, Intangible Assets, and Inventory Intensity Ratio on Transfer Pricing
Authors: Khasanah Uswatun , Suryarini Trisni
Published: January 2021

This study aims to examine prudence's role in moderating the effect of bonus mechanism, intangible asset, and inventory intensity ratio on transfer pricing decisions. This research population is all property, real estate & construction companies, and manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2018. The sampling technique uses a purposive sampling method to obtain 109 units of analysis. This study uses moderated regression analysis (MRA), which is processed using IBM SPSS 21. This study proves that the bonus mechanism does not affect, while intangible assets and inventory intensity ratio significantly affect transfer pricing decisions. Prudence is proven to moderate the intangible assets' influence but does not moderate the impact of the bonus mechanism and inventory intensity ratio on transfer pricing decisions. This study concludes that the bonus mechanism does not affect the transfer pricing decision. Prudence is proven to moderate the effect of intangible assets but does not moderate the impact of the bonus mechanism and inventory intensity ratio on transfer pricing decisions.
BIOLOGICAL TOOLS FOR CONTROLLING THE MAIN PESTS OF SWEET CHERRY
Authors: Sumedrea Mihaela , Marin Florin Cristian , Calinescu Mirela , Chivu Mihai
Published: January 2021

The paper presents the data collected from an ecological plot of sweet cherries with an area of 0.5 ha, where different methods of monitoring and combating the main pests were tested: European cherry fruit fly - Rhagoletis cerasi L. and black cherry aphid - Myzus cerasi F. The study took place during the years 2019-2020. European cherry fruit fly monitoring - Rhagoletis cerasi L. was performed with both atraCERAS optical panels and Decis Trap devices, with both a warning and control role, the results obtained highlighting a similar flight dynamics. The control of the European cherry fruit fly, carried out by direct control with the help of Decis Trap devices, the dose of 100 traps / ha, proved to be effective, the Abbott effectiveness indicator registering values between 83.4 - 90.5% in 2019, respectively 81.6 - 87.8% in 2020, depending on the studied variety. To control the black cherry aphid - Myzus cerasi F., the product Prev-Am was mainly used, based on orange oil, which was used with good results for the first attacks observed.
THE EFFECT OF ECOLOGICAL FERTILIZATION ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF ARONIA MELANOCARPA (Michx.) Elliot, 'MELROM' ROMANIAN CULTIVAR
Authors: Calinescu Mirela , Enescu Mazilu Ivona Cristina , Chitu Emil , Butac Mădălina , Sumedrea Mihaela , Bălăuță Liviu
Published: January 2021

Nine ecological fertilizer combinations effects on the field response of Aronia melanocarpa (Michx.) Elliot, 'Melrom' cultivar was studied. Plants vegetative growth, crop yield, and some fruit quality parameters during a two years experiment (2019 – 2020) performed at the Research Institute for Fruit Growing Pitesti, Arges County, Romania were assessed. The experimental factors studied were A, three different doses of the organic soil fertilizer, Biohumus, and B, the organic foliar treatments in three replication. On average, on the three graduations of factor B (no fertilizer, Algacifo, Macys foliar fertilizer), the application of 0.3 l of Biohumus fertilizer per plant, compared to the application of the same fertilizer, at a dose of 0.4 l per plant, determined a significant increase with 0.1085 m3 (11.88%) of the aerial part of the plant. Under the same conditions, the application of 0.2 l Biohumus per plant, compared to the application of 0.3 l Biohumus per plant, determined a distinctly significant increase, by 0.095 g (11.02%), of the average fruit weight, and at the application of 0.3 l per plant, compared to the application of 0.4 l per plant, from the same product, there was a significant decrease, by 0.090 g (10.97%), of the average fruit weight. Also, the application of higher doses of Biohumus fertilizer (0.3-0.4 l per plant), compared to the variant where only 0.2 l per plant was applied, resulted in a significant and distinctly significant reduction in fruit firmness and values of the fruit juice pH.
MINIMAL PROCESSING OF ORGANIC APPLES BY DRYING - CONSUMER ACCEPTANCE
Authors: Stan Andreea , Frîncu Mihai , Vintilă Marian , Bădulescu Liliana
Published: January 2021

Sensory attributes like colour, flavour and texture are makers in the consumer's purchasing decision of minimally processed organic apples. Drying using low temperatures represent a simple and easy way for minimally processing of organic fruits, moreover this procedure is accepted in organic agriculture. The aim of this study is to establish the consumer acceptance of organic apples dried using two different temperatures and how they characterize the final product. In order to accomplish the proposed purpose, three organic apples cultivars ‘Rubinola’, ‘Topaz’ and ‘Gemini’ were sliced and dried in a professional dryer with air distribution, using temperatures like 35°C and 50°C. Consumer general impression regarding obtained dried organic apples was based on a questionnaire, which contain several questions about colour, flavour, texture and size, in two sessions organized during two different scientific events. Dried organic apples were tasted and evaluated by consumers of both genders with ages between 22 and 66 years old. The slice size of organic dried apples was preferred by over 50% of consumers for all apple varieties. Consumers preferred more the taste of ‘Gemini’ cv. apples dried at 50°C compared to those dried at 35°C. The consumer’s acceptance of minimally processed organic apples was oriented towards those dried at 50°C. Obtained results suggest that sensory attributes are very important in consumer acceptance of a minimally processed product by drying technology and more studies are required.
Getting Them Back to Class: A Project to Engage Refugee Children in School Using Drama Pedagogy
Authors: Vitsou Magda , Papadopoulou Maria , Gana Εleni
Published: January 2021

The paper presents aspects of a drama based six months’ project with refugee children during their first period of schooling in Greece. The project1 aimed to investigate whether drama sessions could facilitate second language learning, strengthen children’s participation in classroom communication and enhance interaction among pupils and teachers with few shared language resources in an attempt to provide them with positive experiences.Drama strategies were used to provide a joyful and welcoming environment and boost children’s communication skills. In most cases, drawing and painting, music and art were also used to support the drama activities. According to the research results, the children made use of various linguistic and non-linguistic resources (mother tongue, English, Greek, gestures, facial expressions, body movements, eye contact etc.) for interaction and self-expression and they developed positive feelings towards their classmates, their tutors and schooling. The language, which was produced through drama, was employed within a social context and was appropriate to the specific participants, setting and topic. Thus, the students were engaged in purposeful and meaningful communication. The findings from this case study highlight the beneficial effect of drama pedagogy on refugee children’s second language learning and on their socialization in the school environment.
Características sociodemográficas e clínicas de uma coorte de puérperas em um hospital de Santa Catarina
Authors: Ongaratto Felipe , Bomfim Sofia Belfort , Rossetto Maíra
Published: January 2021

O estudo objetiva detalhar as características sociodemográficas e clínicas de acordo com o tipo de parto (vaginal ou cesárea) e o tipo de convênio (SUS ou privado) de uma coorte de puérperas em um hospital público da região Oeste de SC. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, transversal e retrospectivo, realizado a partir de dados de base de uma coorte de puérperas com partos vaginais ou cesáreas atendidas em um hospital da região oeste de Santa Catarina. A coleta dos dados ocorreu entre o período de novembro de 2019 e março de 2020 e foi feita a partir do registro dos partos vaginais e cesáreas realizados na instituição entre os meses de maio e julho de 2019. As variáveis analisadas nos prontuários foram: raça/cor/etnia e idade materna, estado civil, tipo de convênio (SUS ou privado), número de gestações, via do parto, episiotomia, laceração (primeiro ou segundo grau), comorbidades maternas, intercorrência no parto e antibioticoprofilaxia. Inferiu-se que o grupo de mulheres com faixa etária entre 26 e 30 anos foi predominante, além disso, quanto ao número de gestações, sobressaiu-se o grupo que estava na segunda gestação. A maioria das mulheres era branca, casada ou união estável, não possuía abortamento prévio, apresentou comorbidade na gestação, não teve intercorrência intraparto, utilizou o Sistema Único de Saúde, não foi submetida a episiotomia e apresentou laceração em decorrência do parto. Constatou-se uso excessivo de cesáreas, principalmente no setor privado; entretanto, o índice de realização de episiotomia converge com o que recomenda a Organização Mundial da Saúde.
Perfil de cesarianas de uma maternidade do interior do Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Barrios Tailini Vieira , Souza Lidiane Carvalho de , Diaz Claudia Maria Gabert , Marques Clandio Timm , Carrion Karen Ticyane da Silva , Zamberlan Cláudia , Menezes Francislene Lopes
Published: January 2021

Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo caracterizar o perfil de cesarianas de uma maternidade de risco habitual do interior do Rio Grande do Sul. Foi realizado por meio de uma pesquisa descritiva, retrospectiva, documental e quantitativa, que analisou 1062 prontuários de mulheres que tiveram o desfecho gestacional entre os meses de junho de 2018 a maio de 2019, em uma maternidade referência de risco habitual, no interior do estado do Rio Grande do Sul. A análise estatística foi realizada para conhecimento da frequência e média dos resultados. Algumas variáveis foram consideradas relevantes para a indicação de cesarianas, como: idade das pacientes, paridade, idade gestacional, ocorrência de indução do parto anteriormente à indicação de cesariana e o uso de tecnologias para alívio da dor durante o trabalho de parto. Conclui-se que, mesmo com todo aporte teórico, ainda há indicações de cesarianas desnecessárias, o que pode influenciar tanto nos desfechos maternos, como nos desfechos neonatais.
Projeto “Só o básico”: Ensinando operações básicas com frações em tempos de pandemia
Authors: Miranda Roberto da Rocha , Rocha Silviane da Silva , Pereira Ana Carolina Costa
Published: January 2021

Esse artigo tem o intuito de apresentar um projeto desenvolvido na escola EEEP Antônio Valmir da Silva, no qual busca contornar dificuldades dos estudantes dos terceiros anos do Ensino Médio pertinentes ao conteúdo de operações com frações, além de proporcionar maior interatividade entre os estudantes, o professor e conteúdo. O projeto Só o Básico desenvolve através de propostas de atividades, aliadas a tecnologias uma forma diferenciada que utiliza a metodologia de ensino por meio de quadrinhos. Os quadrinhos educativos visam superar as dificuldades dos alunos em operações básicas com frações. Essa metodologia aplicada com quadrinhos é necessária para que o aluno não só consiga passar nos exames vestibulares, como o Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio - ENEM, mas também progrida no aprendizado de conteúdos complexos por meio de seu caráter motivador, lúdico e interativo.  Além disso, o uso dos quadrinhos na aprendizagem promove a reinvenção de práticas didáticas dos docentes a usufruir das potencialidades que só os quadrinhos proporcionam. Utilizamos uma metodologia qualitativa de cunho descritivo que resultou na construção dessa proposta didática que inicialmente será trabalhada no projeto. O projeto “Só o Básico” vem exatamente para promover provocações iniciais para mobilização de conhecimentos prévios dos estudantes, colocando em prática uma proposta nova com a utilização dos quadrinhos. Assim nosso estudo propõe aos professores um guia prático para direcioná-los em suas práticas educativas em tempos de pandemia, a fim de familiarizá-los com o recurso dos quadrinhos, podendo adaptá-las para atender seus objetivos, tempo e público.
Sistemas de condução e poda em mini melancia ‘Sugar Baby’
Authors: Nakada-Freitas Pâmela Gomes , Postinguel Lucas Marega , Bernardo Murilo Postingue , Bonini Carolina dos Santos Batista , Santos Juliana Tamires dos , Rodrigues Cleyton da Silva , Hidalgo Gabriel Ferraresi , Heinrichs Reges , Lanna Natália de Brito Lima , Bonini Neto Alfredo , Santos Melissa Alexandre , Matos Aline Marchetti Silva
Published: January 2021

A qualidade da melancia é determinada pelo total de açúcares, coloração, aparência, dentre outras. Estas, assim como a produtividade, podem ser afetadas pela relação entre fonte e dreno, sendo necessário estudar novas técnicas de manejo para adequação dentro da cadeia produtiva, destacando-se a poda das hastes. O método de condução tutorado em mini melancia ainda é incipiente, entretanto, realiza-se adaptações do cultivo do melão. Portanto, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar a poda e condução das plantas de mini melancia para produção de frutos. Foi estudado a mini melancia cultivar Sugar Baby, e o experimento foi em parcela subdividida com tipo de condução (sistema rasteiro e na vertical tutorado) nas parcelas, e a poda nas subparcelas (1 ou 2 hastes), com delineamento experimental em blocos ao acaso com 10 repetições. Conclui-se que o sistema tutorado, rasteiro, com uma ou duas hastes, conferem frutos de qualidade da mini melancia ‘Sugar Baby’. Em futuros trabalhos sugere-se estudar em outras cultivares, pois diferentes genéticas respondem diferentemente, bem como também realizar a poda em nós diferente do presente estudo.
Os desafios da intervenção fonoaudiológica no aleitamento materno: revisão integrativa
Authors: Franklin Vanessa Karlla de Sousa , Ramos Priscila Figueiredo Cruz
Published: January 2021

O presente estudo teve como objetivo principal descrever os principais fatores que interferem no aleitamento materno com foco nas disfunções orais e demonstrar como a intervenção fonoaudiológica é primordial nesse processo. A metodologia utilizada consistiu em uma revisão integrativa da literatura através da base de dados PubMed, onde foram incluídos artigos e estudos referentes aos últimos 5 anos de publicação (2015 a 2020), nos idiomas português e inglês que abordassem a temática referente ao estudo em questão. Os estudos corroboram que a atuação fonoaudiológica na amamentação proporciona a parceria que contribui para o desenvolvimento materno infantil. Contudo, existe a necessidade de detectar precocemente os fatores associados para intervenção e manejo adequado. Assim, conclui-se que o trabalho do fonoaudiólogo junto às mães e bebês na maternidade faz-se de fundamental importância, principalmente para detectar precocemente os desafios para o estabelecimento do aleitamento materno saudável, e cabe a esse profissional atender, ouvir e transmitir às mães informações relacionadas tanto ao aleitamento como para as implicações no bom desenvolvimento das estruturas orais dos recém-nascidos.
As contribuições da neurociência à pedagogia: um diálogo necessário
Authors: Damasceno Geanne Castro , Cabral Diego Arthur Castro , Campos Fernanda Myllena Sousa , Medeiros João Paulo do Vale , Cabral Leonardo Giovanni Castro , Cabral Kaique Matheus Castro
Published: January 2021

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo analisar as contribuições da neurociência à formação do pedagogo, assim como verificar de que forma a neurociência pode auxiliar na melhoria das práticas pedagógicas. Método: O presente estudo foi desenvolvido com base no método exploratório, considerando a pesquisa bibliográfica. Para a seleção do material bibliográfico foram utilizadas as seguintes bases de dados: Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System on-line (MEDLINE) disponibilizada pela PUBMED da U.S. National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS) e Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO). Através dessa pesquisa foi constatado que entender o cérebro e suas estruturas é fundamental para o desenvolvimento dos métodos educacionais através do diálogo entre a pedagogia e a neurociência. No cotidiano das práticas escolares os docentes enfrentam muitos desafios, dentre eles como lidar com alunos com transtornos de aprendizagem. A neurociência pode ajudar a identificar e superar essas dificuldades, bem como lançar as bases para uma reforma baseada em evidências no processo educacional.
Plagiarism in the age of massive Generative Pre-trained Transformers (GPT-3)
Authors: Dehouche N
Published: January 2021

As if 2020 was not a peculiar enough year, its fifth month saw the relatively quiet publication of a preprint describing the most powerful natural language processing (NLP) system to date—GPT-3 (Generative Pre-trained Transformer-3)—created by the Silicon Valley research firm OpenAI. Though the software implementation of GPT-3 is still in its initial beta release phase, and its full capabilities are still unknown as of the time of this writing, it has been shown that this artificial intelligence can comprehend prompts in natural language, on virtually any topic, and generate relevant original text content that is indistinguishable from human writing. Moreover, access to these capabilities, in a limited yet worrisome enough extent, is available to the general public. This paper presents examples of original content generated by the author using GPT-3. These examples illustrate some of the capabilities of GPT-3 in comprehending prompts in natural language and generating convincing content in response. I use these examples to raise specific fundamental questions pertaining to the intellectual property of this content and the potential use of GPT-3 to facilitate plagiarism. The goal is to instigate a sense of urgency, as well as a sense of present tardiness on the part of the academic community in addressing these questions.
Making ocean literacy inclusive and accessible
Authors: Worm B , Elliff C , Fonseca JG , Gell FR , Serra-Gonçalves C , Helder NK , Murray K , Peckham H , Prelovec L , Sink K
Published: January 2021

Engagement in marine science has historically been the privilege of a small number of people with access to higher education, specialised equipment and research funding. Such constraints have often limited public engagement and may have slowed the uptake of ocean science into environmental policy. Recognition of this disconnect has spurred a growing movement to promote ocean literacy, defined as one’s individual understanding of how the ocean affects people and how people affect the ocean. Over the last 2 decades, this concept has gained significant traction in marine biology and environmental education circles and now plays a prominent role in the UN’s Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development (2021-2030). Here, we argue that the ocean literacy agenda has largely been shaped and discussed by marine scientists and educators but needs to be expanded to a much larger constituency to be more effective, accessible and inclusive. We discuss diverse cultural settings from around the world and provide examples of indigenous, spiritual, art, ocean user and other groups that are already deeply engaged with the ocean and could provide a variety of perspectives to enrich the ocean literacy concept beyond an understanding of marine science. We suggest that such inclusiveness could remove the historic barriers that have surrounded the field, transform our collective awareness of and relationship with the ocean and help support ongoing efforts to restore marine biodiversity.
Communication between the Towns and the County Authority: The Free Royal Towns and Šariš County at the Beginning of the 16th Century
Authors: Kádas István
Published: January 2021

In this paper, I focus on the channels of communication between the free royal towns of Šariš and the county authority at the beginning of the 16th century. In this period, the towns of Bardejov and Prešov became feudal landowners in the county and, as a result, they had to develop a close relationship with the county nobility. Alongside the official documents of the county authority, the noble judges also often wrote letters to the towns, in which they often mixed official and private matters. There were also verbal lines of communication; the noble community of Šariš county frequently sent emissaries to the town, and these elected envoys were often chosen from the former or acting noble judges who lived in the villages neighbouring the towns. This had the added advantage, for the towns, that they could draw upon the legal experience of these former officeholders. Both Bardejov and Prešov employed former noble judges as town lawyers.
Effects of Anserine on the Renal Sympathetic Nerve Activity and
Blood Pressure in Urethane-Anesthetized Rats
Authors: Tanida M , Shen J , Kubomura D , Nagai K
Published: January 2021

Previous studies have demonstrated that central injection of
L-carnosine (β-alynyl-L-histidine), dipeptide synthesized in
mammalian muscles, affects renal sympathetic nerve activity
(RSNA) and blood pressure (BP) in anesthetized rats. In the
present study, using urethane-anesthetized rats, we examined
the dose-dependent effects of intravenous (IV) injection of
various doses of anserine, dipeptide of similar structure to
L-carnosine, on RSNA, BP and heart rate (HR). We found that
injection of a low dose of anserine (1 μg) significantly suppressed
RSNA, BP and HR. Conversely, a high dose (1000 μg) of anserine
significantly elevated RSNA, BP and HR. Pretreatment with lateral
cerebral ventricular (LCV) injection of thioperamide, a
histaminergic H3-receptor antagonist, eliminated the effects of a
low dose of anserine on RSNA, BP and HR. LCV injection of
diphenhydramine, a histaminergic H1-receptor antagonist,
abolished the effects of a high dose of anserine on RSNA, BP and
HR. These findings suggest that anserine affects RSNA, BP and
HR in a dose-dependent manner, and that the histaminergic
nerve may be involved in the dose-different effects of anserine in
rats.
Macrophages are Novel Sites of Expression and Regulation of Retinol
Binding Protein-4 (RBP4)
Authors: Broch M , Ramírez R , Auguet M T , Alcaide M J , Aguilar C , Garcia-España A , Richart C
Published: January 2021

Obesity is linked to a low-level chronic inflammatory state that
may contribute to the development of associated metabolic
complications. Retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) is an adipokine
associated with parameters of obesity including insulin resistance
indices, body mass index, waist circumference, lipid profile, and
recently, with circulating inflammatory factors. Due to the
infiltration of adipose tissue in obesity by macrophages derived
from circulating monocytes and, on the other hand, the existence
of a close genetic relationship between adipocytes and
macrophages, we decided to examine if RBP4 is expressed in
monocytes and/or primary human macrophages. While we did
not detect expression of RBP4 in undifferentiated monocytes,
RBP4 expression became evident during the differentiation of
monocytes into macrophages and was highest in differentiated
macrophages. Once we demonstrated the expression of RBP4 in
macrophages, we checked if RBP4 expression could be regulated
by inflammatory stimuli such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha
(TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), or the endotoxin lipopolysaccharide
(LPS). We observed that while RBP4 expression was strongly
inhibited by TNF-α and LPS, it was not affected by IL-6. Our
results highlight the complexity behind the regulation of this
adipokine and demonstrate that RBP4 expression in macrophages
could be modulated by inflammatory stimuli.
Quetiapine Ameliorates Anxiety-Like Behavior and Cognitive
Impairments in Stressed Rats: Implications for the Treatment of
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Authors: Wang H-N , Peng Y , Tan Q-R , Chen Y-C , Zhang R-G , Qiao Y-T , Wang H-H , Liu L , Kuang F , Wang B-R , Zhang Z-J
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine preventive and
protective effects of chronic orally administration with quetiapine
(QUE) against anxiety-like behavior and cognitive impairments in
rats exposed to the enhanced single prolonged stress (ESPS), an
animal model that is used to study post-traumatic stress disorder
(PTSD), and to detect changes in the expression of cortical
phosphorylated p44/42 extracellular-regulated protein kinase
(pERK1/2). Before or after exposure to ESPS paradigm,
consisting of 2-h constraint, 20-min forced swimming, etherinduced loss of consciousness, and an electric foot shock, rats
were given orally QUE (10 mg/kg daily) for 14 days. Animals
were then tested in the open field (OF), elevated plus-maze
(EPM), and Morris water maze (MWM). Brains were removed for
immunohistochemical staining of pERK1/2. ESPS exposure
resulted in pronounced anxiety-like behavior compared to
unexposed animals. ESPS-exposed animals also displayed marked
learning and spatial memory impairments. However, QUE
treatment (both before and after ESPS exposure) significantly
ameliorated anxiety-like behavior, learning and spatial memory
impairments. ESPS also markedly reduced the expression of
pERK1/2 in the prefrontal cortex, medial amygdala nucleus, and
cingulate gyrus. Both before and after ESPS exposure QUE
treatments significantly elevated the reduced pERK1/2 expression
in the three brain regions. QUE has preventive and protective
effects against stress-associated symptoms and the changes in
pERK1/2 functions may be associated with the pathophysiology
of traumatic stress and the therapeutic efficacy of anti-PTSD
therapy.