bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multiple regression model of the consumers’ price sensitivity
Authors:   College of Polytechnics Jihlava, Slaba Marie
Published: January 2021

All marketing decisions have to take into account the customer’s attitude to the price and consumers’ price sensitivity. Consumers’ price sensitivity depends on various factors: perceived quality and benefits, service quality, and of course, demographic characteristics. The main aim of this paper is to explore the influence of socio-demographic characteristics on the customers’ price sensitivity. Potential influencing factors and sample size were identified based on the literature search. The questionnaires were disseminated on-line in 2019. The majority of respondents were at the age group 25-54 years old (63%) which corresponds to the composition of the Czech population. Most of the respondents live in the family with two children (29%) or only with a partner (28%), 61% of the respondents have a master or bachelor’s degree. The variable Age shows high significance, which means, no surprisingly, that older customers are more price-sensitive than the younger ones. Talking about gender, females are slightly more price-sensitive than males. Then, we can state that the more family members has got the household, the more price-sensitive the customer is. In comparison with other independent variables, Income and Education show a negative correlation with customer price sensitivity, which means that the higher level of Income or Education is, the lower is the customer’s price sensitivity. Based on the multiple regression analysis, the author’s research proves that the most significant impact on the consumers’ price sensitivity have two independent variables - age (positive correlation) and income (negative correlation).
Fundamental analysis: the essence and necessity of application in portfolio investment (on the example of the Russian companies)
Authors:   Moscow State Institute of International Relations (MGIMO University), Puchkova Svetlana , Brovkin Alexander ,   Moscow State Institute of International Relations (MGIMO University), Potanina Yulia ,   Moscow State Institute of International Relations (MGIMO University)
Published: January 2021

Fundamental analysis is the interpretation, assessment and forecast of analytical indicators at the macro- and micro-levels and expectations of market participants which can directly or indirectly affect the price dynamics of financial assets. To develop a mathematical apparatus for solving the problem of classifying sets, it is necessary to consider the formal solution of the problem. This statement immediately shows the main issue - the lack of solutions for constructing classifiers for the problem of classifying sets. The solution to the problem of investment analysis is expressed in the search for the overall best structure for all objects specified as sets available in the database. The main purpose of using the additional investment Toolkit is to try to reconcile the results of comparative analysis by applying NPV and IRR Methods, more precisely, to link the latter to the former, since this approach gives priority to the net reported income of the project. The economic value of this research method lies in the ability to predict the ratio of NPV and IRR in the future with high accuracy, based on the data entered into the model.
Спектральные биооптические показатели вод Атлантического сектора Антарктики
Authors: Моисеева Н. А. , Чурилова Т. Я. , Ефимова Т. В. , Артемьев В. А. , Скороход Е. Ю.
Published: January 2021

Исследования изменчивости спектральных биооптических показателей вод Атлантического сектора Антарктики проводили в 79-м рейсе НИС «Академик Мстислав Келдыш» в период с 11.01.2020 по 04.02.2020. Получено, что концентрация хлорофилла a в сумме с феопигментами изменялась в исследованном слое на большинстве станций от 0,1 до 1,8 мг·м−3, за исключением двух станций, где достигала 2,2 и 4,4 мг·м−3. Установлена связь показателей поглощения света пигментами фитопланктона с концентрацией хлорофилла a на длинах волн, соответствующих основным максимумам спектра: aph(438) = 0,044 × Ca1,2, r2 = 0,84 (n = 117); aph(678) = 0,021 × Ca1,1, r2 = 0,89 (n = 117). Спектры показателей поглощения света неживым взвешенным веществом и окрашенным растворённым органическим веществом описаны экспоненциальной зависимостью. Подобраны коэффициенты параметризации: (1) показатели поглощения света неживым взвешенным (0,001–0,027 м−1) и растворённым органическим веществом (0,016–0,19 м−1) на длине волны 438 нм; (2) коэффициенты наклона экспоненты спектров этих компонент (0,005–0,016 и 0,009–0,022 нм−1 соответственно).
EVALUASI KANDUNGAN BRIX PADA BATANG TANAMAN PLASMA NUTFAH SORGUM (Sorghum bicolor L. (Moench)) Brix Content Evaluation of Sorghum Stem Germplasm (Sorghum bicolor L. (Moench))
Authors: Dwiatmini Kristina , Risliawati Andari , Koswanudin Dodin , Sutoro Sutoro
Published: January 2021

Biji sorgum dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber pangan, pakan dan bahan industri. Batang tanaman sorgum umumnya mengandung senyawa gula, sehingga dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai minuman sirup dan bahan baku bioethanol. Untuk mengetahui kandungan senyawa gula pada batang tanaman sorgum dapat dilakukan dengan mengukur kadar brix dengan alat refraktometer. Untuk menghasilkan varietas sorgum yang dapat menghasilkan brix tinggi diperlukan sumber genetik untuk pemuliaan tanaman sorgum. Penelitian telah dilaksanakan terhadap 219 aksesi plasma nutfah sorgum koleksi Bank Gen Balitbangtan di BB Biogen. Bahan batang tanaman diperoleh dari pertanaman sorgum yang ditanam pada tahun 2017. Sampel batang tanaman sorgum dipotong menjadi 3 bagian yang sama panjangnya dan diukur kandungan brix dengan refraktometer. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan aksesi plasma nutfah sorgum dari batang bagian bawah, tengah dan atas memiliki kandungan brix bervariasi yaitu berkisar antara 0.2 – 15.1 %. Aksesi sorgum introduksi ICSV 93051, ICSV 93032, ICSV 93047, ICSR 91026, ICSV 8906, dan ICSV 93007 memiliki kandungan brix lebih dari 14% yang dapat dipergunakan sebagai bahan pemuliaan sorgum manis. Genotipe yang memiliki sifat ganda yang mampu menghasilkan hasil biji dan kandungan brix baik pada tanaman induk maupun ratun perlu mendapat perhatian.

 

 

Abstract

 

       Sorghum seeds are used as a source for food, feed, and industrial materials. Stems of sorghum plants generally contain sugar compounds, so it can be used as a beverage of syrup and raw materials of bioethanol. The content of sugar compounds on the stem of the sorghum plant could be done by measuring brix by using refractometer. Genetic resources are needed to develop sorghum varieties that can produce high brix content in its plant breeding program. A study has been conducted on 219 germplasm accessions of IAARD Gene Bank collection at BB BIOGEN. The plant stem material is derived from the planting of sorghum grown in 2017. The stem of the sorghum plant is cut into 3 equal lengths and brix content measured by refractometer. The results showed that the accession of the sorghum germplasm from the lower, middle, and upper stems reveal that brix content varied from 0.2 to 15.1%. Introduction accession of sorghum i.e. ICSV 93051, ICSV 93032, ICSV 93047, ICSR 91026, ICSV 8906, and ICSV 93007 had a brix content of more than 14% and can be used as parent materials for sweet sorghum breeding. Multiple traits of genotipe which are capable producing seed yield and brix content in both primary plants and ratoon need further attention.

 
Cobalt Effect on the Growth of Cadmium Oxide Nanostructure Prepared by Spray Pyrolysis Technique
Authors: Rzaij Jamal M. , Ibraheam A. S. , Abass Amina M.
Published: January 2021

Spray pyrolysis technique (SPT) is employed to synthesize cadmium oxide nanostructure with 3% and 5% Cobalt concentrations. Films are deposited on a glass substrate at 350 ᵒC with 150 nm thickness. The XRD analysis revealed a polycrystalline nature with cubic structure and (111) preferred orientation. Structural parameters represent lattice spacing, crystallite size, lattice parameter and dislocation density. Homogeneous surfaces and regular distribution of atoms were showed by atomic force microscope (AFM) with 1.03 nm average roughness and 1.22 nm root mean square roughness. Optical properties illustrated a high transmittance more than 85% in the range of visible spectrum and decreased with Co concentration increasing. The absorption coefficient values decreased with increasing wavelength and the prepared films had absorption coefficient values greater than 104 cm-1. The optical energy gap values for allowing direct transition (ADT) varied from 2.78 to 2.63 eV with increasing   Co concentration, while the energy gap for allowing indirect transition (AIDT) varied from 1.85 to 1.6 eV with Co concentration.
Acute leptin response after high intensity interval and moderate intensity continuous runs
Authors: Rodrigues Alesson , De Lucca Leonardo
Published: January 2021

The possible direct role of exercise intensity and duration on leptin concentrations is conflicting. The aim of this study was to evaluate the acute effects of high intensity interval (HIIE) and moderate intensity continuous (MICE) exercise on plasma leptin response. Seven young volunteers underwent three tests: 1) a treadmill graded exercise test to identify running peak velocity (PV); 2) HIIE: 5 × 2 min work bouts at 90% of PV, interspersed by 2 min of passive recovery and; 3) MICE: 30 min at 70 % of PV. Blood samples were drawn for the assays of leptin before and 30 minutes after HIIE and MICE. A 2-way repeated measures ANOVA showed a significant main effect of time [F(1,6) =17,52; p=0,006], no significant effect of condition (type of exercise) (F(1,6) = 0,16; p = 0,68) and no significant interaction (condition × time) (F(1,6)= 0,48, p=0,51). Leptin decreased 30 min after HIIE (t= 2,95, p=0,025) and MICE (t=4,18; p=0,005). There was no difference between the HIIE and MICE conditions immediately after exercise (t=0,90; p=0,40). After HIIE and MICE, leptin decreased in the same magnitude. It appears that both exercise modalities result in physical stress which is sufficient to improve short-term leptin sensibility.
Does the length used in the 30-15 International Fitness Test (40- vs 28-m) influence the maximal running speed achieved by under-18 players from different sports?
Authors: Hernández-Davó Jose Luis
Published: January 2021

The maximal running speed (MRS) achieved in the 30-15 International Fitness Test (30-15IFT) is widely used to prescribe high-intensity interval training (HIIT). The 30-15IFT can be performed in either 40- (30-15IFT-40) or 28-meters (30-15IFT-28) length. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the MRS achieved in the 30-15IFT-40 and the 30-15IFT-28. Methods: Fifty U-18 players from different sports (handball: n=19, soccer: n=19, tennis n=12) attended two testing sessions. Results: MRS did not differ between the 30-15IFT-40 and the 30-15IFT-28 in either handball or soccer players. However, tennis players showed significantly greater MRS values in the 30-15IFT-28 than in the 30-15IFT-40 (20.80±1.87 vs 20.05±2.09 km·h-1; p = 0.030; ES = 0.38). In addition, tennis player showed significant greater MRS in the 30-15IFT-28 (20.80±1.87 km·h-1) than both handball (18.58±1.13 km·h-1; p < 0.001; ES = 1.53) and soccer players (18.74±0.93 km·h-1; p = 0.001; ES = 1.47). Conclusions: The different MRS values in the 30-15IFT-40 and the 30-15IFT-28, entail significant practical implications for HIIT prescription in tennis players.
The Observational Research Study with the Trends in Healthcare Training and Leadership Ethics in The United States
Authors: Probst Terrence D. , Kasztelnik Karina
Published: January 2021

This paper summarizes how healthcare training has an influence on the leadership ethics in the U.S. This article includes four primary sections. The first section is the background to the problem, which provides a historical overview of the research on the problem being studied and justifies the need for this study. The second section provides the theoretical foundation models and theories which frame the variables and the research questions. The third section provides an in-depth discussion of various factors related to the problem statement, ultimately providing the population, the variables, the methodology, and the design. The fourth section synthesizes the prior three sections justifying the ten strategic points that frame the study. The methodology is the systematization literature review within this context and approaches for underling current trends in healthcare training in the U.S. Little is known regarding the association between ongoing healthcare refresher training and the severity of among direct patient care staff. This calls for the evaluation of leadership within the healthcare industry and the various strategies employed in finding out how to fund and implement ongoing healthcare refresher trainings for staff members. There is a scarcity of literature focusing on the characteristics of the implementation of healthcare protocols that impact the effectiveness of the programs. The results of the critical review article with analysis both authors can be useful for any business around the World to support and the improvement management decisions.

Keywords: Healthcare, Health Care Leadership, Ethics, Training, Management.
METHODS FOR INCREASING THE CLASSIFICATION ACCURACY BASED ON MODIFICATIONS OF THE BASIC ARCHITECTURE OF CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORKS
Authors: Shapovalova Svitlana , Moskalenko Yurii
Published: January 2021

Object of research: basic architectures of deep learning neural networks. Investigated problem: insufficient accuracy of solving the classification problem based on the basic architectures of deep learning neural networks. An increase in accuracy requires a significant complication of the architecture, which, in turn, leads to an increase in the required computing resources, as well as the consumption of video memory and the cost of learning/output time. Therefore, the problem arises of determining such methods for modifying basic architectures that improve the classification accuracy and require insignificant additional computing resources. Main scientific results: based on the analysis of existing methods for improving the classification accuracy on the convolutional networks of basic architectures, it is determined what is most effective: scaling the ScanNet architecture, learning the ensemble of TreeNet models, integrating several CBNet backbone networks. For computational experiments, these modifications of the basic architectures are implemented, as well as their combinations: ScanNet + TreeNet, ScanNet + CBNet. The effectiveness of these methods in comparison with basic architectures has been proven when solving the problem of recognizing malignant tumors with diagnostic images – SIIM-ISIC Melanoma Classification, the train/test set of which is presented on the Kaggle platform. The accuracy value for the area under the ROC curve metric has increased from 0.94489 (basic architecture network) to 0.96317 (network with ScanNet + CBNet modifications). At the same time, the output compared to the basic architecture (EfficientNet-b5) increased from 440 to 490 seconds, and the consumption of video memory increased from 8 to 9.2 gigabytes, which is acceptable. Innovative technological product: methods for achieving high recognition accuracy from a diagnostic signal based on deep learning neural networks of basic architectures. Scope of application of the innovative technological product: automatic diagnostics systems in the following areas: medicine, seismology, astronomy (classification by images) onboard control systems and systems for monitoring transport and vehicle flows or visitors (recognition of scenes with camera frames).
DEVELOPMENT OF PROMISING SYNTHESIS - TECHNOLOGY AVENIR GAZ CONVERTING DIESELS TO GAS ENGINES WITH SPECIAL IGNITION
Authors: Kovalov Serhii
Published: January 2021

The object of research is the multifunctional synthesis technology Avenir Gaz (of various levels of complexity), intended for converting transport diesel engines into spark-ignited gas internal combustion engines (ICE) for operation on liquefied petroleum gas (LPG). Investigated problem: the creation of an affordable synthesis technology in terms of complexity and price, which allows converting operating diesel engines into gas internal combustion engines operating on cheaper and environmentally friendly gas fuel - LPG. Main scientific results: Avenir Gaz synthesis technology (two levels of complexity, qualified as levels "A" and "B") for converting diesel engines into gas internal combustion engines is developed and created. It is shown that the conversion of diesel engines according to the Avenir Gaz synthesis technology is carried out on the basis of the developed electronic microprocessor control systems. And the basis of the control systems is the developed and manufactured two electronic microprocessor control units Avenir Gaz 37 (hereinafter – ECU Avenir Gaz 37). ECUs in accordance with the levels of complexity of synthesis technology are qualified as – ECUs Avenir Gaz 37 "A" and Avenir Gaz 37 "B". It is shown that Avenir Gaz synthesis technology of level "A" allows converting diesel engines into gas internal combustion engines with LPG supply through a gas-air mixer into the inlet pipeline. At the same time, the Avenir Gaz 37 "A" ECU, using the signal from the Hall sensor of the distributor, limits the maximum speed of the gas engine, thereby ensuring its safe operation. And the synthesis technology Avenir Gaz 37 of level "B" allows converting diesel engines into gas internal combustion engines providing group or sequential injection of LPG by electromagnetic gas nozzles (injection system of the Common Rail type) into the intake manifold in the area close to the intake valve. Area of practical use of the research results: converting diesel vehicles, including agricultural machinery (powerful wheeled and tracked tractors, combines, etc.) into spark-ignited gas combustion engines operating on LPG. An innovative technological product: Avenir Gaz synthesis technology, which allows converting the transport diesel engines in operation into gas internal combustion engines for operation on LPG. Scope of application of the innovative technological product: naturally aspirated and supercharged diesel engines with the number of cylinders from one to six, in-line and V-shaped, with a uniform alternation of working strokes.
PECULIARITIES OF CORONARY REVASCULARIZATIONS IN PATIENTS WITH DIAGNOSED LUNG CANCER AND CONCOMITANT ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE
Authors: Boyko Valery , Skibo Yuri , Pyetkov Aleksandr , Krasnoyaruzskiy Andrey
Published: January 2021

The object of the study: coronary revascularization in patients with malignant lung diseases and concomitant ischemic heart disease. The problem to be solved: selection of the optimal tactics for coronary bypass grafting simultaneously with lung resections. Main scientific results: an individual approach to the choice of tactics for carrying out simultaneous operations in patients with malignant lung diseases and concomitant ischemic heart disease is proposed. It has been shown that performing coronary artery bypass grafting simultaneously with lung resections, according to the proposed methods, allows minimizing surgical trauma and eliminating the influence of additional risk factors associated with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). The area of practical use of research results: surgical hospitals. An innovative technological product: methods for performing simultaneous coronary (artery) bypass grafting in patients with malignant lung diseases, based on the use of sternotomy, thoracotomy and mini-thoracotomy approaches. The area of application of an innovative technological product: clinical practice of performing simultaneous operations for combined pathology of the heart and lungs in medical institutions of a general surgical profile.
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN VITAMIN D-BINDING PROTEIN (VDBP) GENE POLYMORPHISM AND VITAMIN D STATUS IN YOUNG CHILDREN
Authors: Romanko Mariia , Rossokha Zoia , Maydan Iryna , Mamenko Maryna , Kvashnina Lyudmila
Published: January 2021

Object of the research: VDBP gene polymorphism. Problem being addressed: the effect of existing polymorphic variants of the VDBP gene on the absorption of vitamin D in young children. The main scientific results. At the beginning of the survey, vitamin D supplementation was performed in 50.0±9.1 % (15/30) of children. The concentration of 25 (OH) D in the serum of the subjects was 32.9 ng/ml (23.2–60.0). All patients with the GG rs 7041 genotype of the VDBP gene had a concentration of 25 (OH) D in the range of 20-100 ng/ml, which is statistically more common than in children with the AA rs 4588 genotype (p=0.015), GT rs 7041 genotype (p=0.047) and genotype TT rs 7041 (p=0.033). Patients with CA rs 4588 genotypes – 23.7 ng/ml (14.8-35.8) and GT rs 7041 – 28.1 ng/ml (17.1–49) had the lowest serum levels of 25 (OH) D, the highest levels of 25 (OH) D – children with genotype AA rs 4588 – 122.6 ng/ml (23.2–124.1) and genotype TT rs 7041 – 78.6 ng/ml (23.2 –124.1). Carriers of the AA rs 4588 genotype were more likely than patients with the GG rs 7041 genotype to show dangerously high levels of 25 (OH) D (p=0.069). Patients with the AA rs 4588 genotype had lower alkaline phosphatase levels compared to the GT rs 7041 and CC rs 4588 genotypes – 185.0 U/l (147.0–212.0) versus 259.5 U/l (207.0–334.5), p=0.021 and against 251.0 U/l (222.0–346.0), p=0.016. Area of practical application of research results: The results of the study can be used by working groups to make recommendations for the prevention and treatment of vitamin D deficiency and in the practice of health care facilities. Innovative technological product: association between allelic variants of the VDBP gene and vitamin D status in young children. Scope of application of innovative technological product: pediatrics, medical genetics. Conclusions. Genetic variants of VDBP may affect the absorption of vitamin D and cause variability in 25 (OH) D levels, which complicates the development of uniform recommendations for optimal prophylactic doses of vitamin D and necessitates additional research. The highest levels of 25 (OH) D were recorded in children with genotypes AA rs 4588 and TT rs 7041 of the VDBP gene, which showed high absorption when taking vitamin D supplements at a dose of 500 IU and even excessive concentrations of 25 (OH) D with long-term supplementation in higher dose.
COMPARISON OF THE CONDITION OF THE PERI-IMPLANT ORAL MUCOUS ACCORDING TO THE RESULTS OF DIGITAL MICROSCOPY
Authors: Korol Dmytro , Yefimenko Artem , Korol Mykhailo
Published: January 2021

The object of the study there is a level of hyperemia of the mucous membrane around the installed intraosseous dental implants with different coating material according to the results of histogram analysis of digital microscopy. The problem to be solved – evaluation of the degree of hyperemia of the periimplant mucosa around intraosseous dental implants coated with rutile, in comparison with titanium implants of VT-6 alloy after prosthetics. Main scientific results: Analysis of digital images using histogram evaluation of the red component of the spectrum showed that 1 month after prosthetics in group 1, which included 20 patients who had intraosseous implants made of titanium alloy TiV6Al (VT-6), the above indicator increased to 191 (St.Err. 4.45). The difference was 4 conventional units. Similarly, in group 2 (16 people) who had intraosseous zirconium implants, there was an increase in the quantitative rate after prosthetics by 9 conventional units, and its value was 194 conventional units (St.Err. 3.64). Since increasing numerical values ​​and shifting the digital histogram to the right is an objective criterion for reducing the intensity of redness, it can be concluded that there is a reduction of mucosal irritation after orthopedic treatment with a predominance of this process in the group of patients who received intraosseous dental implants coated with rutile. The area of practical use of research results:     Since the authors first studied the reaction of the peri-implant mucosa in contact with various implant materials at the stages of orthopedic treatment, this is the basis for the introduction into general medical practice of intraosseous dental implants made in Ukraine using rutile application technology. The area of application of an innovative technological product - it is a dental implant practice. The obtained results will allow to use more widely Ukrainian implants of non-demountable construction with a high level of surface preparation, for the purpose of further orthopedic treatment with the use of non-removable metal-ceramic dentures.
BONE-CEREBRAL CHANNEL REAMING IN THE TREATMENT OF LIMBS BONE FRACTURES
Authors: Mansyrov Asif Baglar ogly , Lytovchenko Viktor , Garyachiy Yevgeniy , Lytovchenko Andriy
Published: January 2021

The object of the study: clinical effect of intramedullary blocking osteosynthesis of fractures of the bones of the extremities without reaming of the bone marrow canal. The problem to be solved: determination of the influence of surgical technology of intramedullary blocking osteosynthesis of bone fractures without reaming of the bone marrow canal on the qualitative and anatomical and functional results of treatment. Main scientific results. The term of fusion of bone fragments in complete groups (including all localizations) in the group of patients who underwent surgery with reaming of the bone marrow canal was 4.21±0.46 months, while in the group without reaming of the canal it was much shorter – 3.47±0.51 months Faster functional recovery of the limbs was also observed in cases that precluded bone marrow reaming – 96 % of good and 4 % satisfactory scores were obtained (80 % good and 20 % satisfactory in bone marrow reaming). The technology of closed intramedullary blocking osteosynthesis without reaming of the bone marrow can optimize the time of fusion of bone fragments and get 91 % good and 9 % satisfactory results. Its effectiveness is to reduce the number of satisfactory treatment results by 19 %, the absence of unsatisfactory and increase the share of good results by 23 %. The area of practical use of research results: clinics of traumatological profile of different levels, in which surgical treatment of fractures of the bones of the extremities are done. An innovative technological product: technology of closed intramedullary blocking osteosynthesis without reaming of the bone marrow canal. The area of application of an innovative technological product: clinical practice of using the technology of closed intramedullary blocking osteosynthesis without reaming of the bone marrow canal.
DETERMINATION OF RATIONAL OPERATING MODES OF OPERATION OF TRACTOR AGRICULTURAL TIRES
Authors: Mamontov Anatoliy , Pelypenko Yevhen , Rebrova Olena , Shevtsov Vadim
Published: January 2021

The efficiency of wheeled agricultural tractors when performing traction technological operations is characterized by two aspects. The first of these is traction efficiency, which mainly depends on the coupling weight of the tractor and the perfection of its running system. Another aspect is environmental friendliness, which is determined by the level of compaction impact on the soil. In general, these aspects are oppositely directed. That is, an increase in traction efficiency requires an increase in the grip weight and, as a consequence, an increase in the radial load on the tires and the internal pressure in them. This leads to an increase in tire pressure on the ground and deterioration in their environmental performance. As a result of excessive soil compaction, the yield of agricultural crops is significantly reduced. To solve this problem, it is necessary to reduce the tire pressure on the ground, which can be achieved by reducing the grip weight or developing and introducing new innovative tire designs. But, even new innovative tire designs have corresponding limitations due to the radial load interval, internal pressure, travel speed and the amount of torque on the wheel. These restrictions form the area of possible operating modes of tractor tires, individual sections of which differ significantly in terms of traction efficiency and environmental friendliness. Within the limits of possible modes of operation of the tire, operating modes must be implemented in areas of high efficiency and environmental friendliness. The materials of this article are basic in the study and substantiation of rational operating modes of tractor agricultural tires, and also provide prerequisites for the formation of recommendations for improving the traction efficiency and environmental friendliness of wheeled tractors
DEVELOPMENT OF A SYSTEM FOR ASSESSING PASSENGER TRAFFIC BASED ON FUZZY LOGIC
Authors: Pronina Olha
Published: January 2021

A methodology has been developed for assessing public transport passenger traffic in the city. A mathematical model based on fuzzy logic is presented. The main criteria for assessing the attractiveness of passenger traffic are: the interval between vehicles, technical condition of the vehicle, route length, time of day. In the mathematical model, all input linguistic variables and output variable, their terms and membership functions are described. A fragment of a fuzzy knowledge base presented in the form of production rules is presented. At the exit, the dispatcher receives an output variable – the degree of confidence in the attractiveness of the route. Based on this assessment, the dispatcher can make a number of necessary changes to improve the functioning of the route. The software is implemented as a web service. This software will be convenient for dispatchers to use for planning public transport routes. Fifteen selected routes were taken for research, which are the most popular in the city. These routes were proposed for evaluation by three controllers. The results obtained from dispatchers were compared with the results of the fuzzy inference implemented in the software. The main advantage of using this software product is the ability to build a dynamic schedule based on the analysis of the dispatcher. This, in turn, will allow passengers to receive a better transportation service within the city
The Public Chamber as a Mediator between Government, Society, and Expert Community in the Kemerovo Region
Authors: Klimenkov Mihail
Published: January 2021

The Public Chamber is currently attracting a lot of scientific attention. The present research owes its relevance to the fact that the Public Chamber remains passive, despite claiming an important role in the development of civil society. The research objective was to identify the place and role of the Public Chamber in the regional socio-political life. The article focuses on its ability to act as a mediator between the government and civil society. The author sees the Public Chamber as a communication platform, which allows the scientific community to influence public policy by acting as experts. The empirical study lasted from February to June 2020 and involved former and current members of the Public Chamber of the Kemerovo region, as well as its researchers and experts. The analysis was based on the qualitative approach and the methods of informal expert interviews, comparative analysis, and content analysis. The author identified two main criteria: the model of regional power and the regional political regime. These criteria determine the final configuration, i.e. the influence and role of the Public Chamber in the regional public policy. The Public Chamber appeared to be more of an imitator than a real actor in the field of the local public policy. The paper also introduces a new classification of the development of the Public Chamber in the Kemerovo region.
Sustainable Development as a Concept to Improve the Quality of the Urban Environment of Single-Industry Towns
Authors: Antonova Irina , Belalov Timur , Zhdanova Anna
Published: January 2021

The research featured the urban environment quality index for single-industry towns and non-single-industry towns in 2018–2019. The research objective was to identify statistical differences between single-industry towns and other urban settlements in terms of the components and combined value of the urban environment quality index. The paper introduces several strategies for the development of the urban environment of single-industry towns based on the concept of sustainable development. The study employed statistical methods and Statistica 10 program. Based on parametric and nonparametric criteria, the author revealed statistical differences for such aspects as "green areas" and "public and business infrastructure" for 2018 and 2019, as well as calculated the combined value for 2019. The strategies described in the present paper can help to overcome the existing problems of single-industry towns and avoid repeating the mistakes made by government when implementing similar federal programs in the past. The study may be of interest for executive authorities, municipal authorities, and residents of single-industry urban settlements.
Implementation of Policy Papers in the Field of Scientific and Technological Development of Russia
Authors: Vasetskaya Natalia
Published: January 2021

The present research featured scientific and technical policy papers in Russia. The research objective was to study the normative legal acts that determine the strategic scientific and technological development of the country. The paper contains an analysis of the goals stated in these documents and defines the efficiency of the target indicators. The study was based on systematization methods, content analysis, and comparative analysis of the main strategic legal acts that form Russian scientific and technical policy. These documents are divided into two groups. The first one contains the goals and objectives of scientific and technological development, but no quantitative values of targets, or indicators, of scientific and technological development. The second group specifies these indicators. The study revealed that not all the goals outlined in the policy papers have been met, and there are targets for scientific and technological development that have not been achieved yet. Moreover, some of the measures provided in the policy papers were implemented with a noticeable delay or were not implemented at all. For instance, the list of end-to-end technologies still remains unapproved. All these issues hindered the development of Russian competitive high-tech sector of goods and services: the country failed to develop mechanisms that could stimulate its transition to innovative development of real sector enterprises and to improve the resource base for scientific and technological complex.
ЗНАЧИМОСТЬ НАУЧНЫХ ТРУДОВ В.Ф. ВОЙНО-ЯСЕНЕЦКОГО НА ПРИМЕРЕ ИЗДАНИЙ ИЗ ФОНДА БИБЛИОТЕКИ КУРСКОГО ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОГО МЕДИЦИНСКОГО УНИВЕРСИТЕТА
Authors:   Курский государственный медицинский университет, Данилова А.В. , Судакова Н.В.
Published: January 2021

The article provides a brief literary review of the publications of Valentin Feliksovich Voyno-Yasenetsky, preserved in the library fund of the Kursk State Medical University. In addition to describing the available publications, the authors express their opinion on the significance of the scientific achievements of V.F. Voyno-Yasenetsky and his contribution to medical science.
LEGAL BASIS OF THE NUREMBERG TRIAL: RULES AND SOURCES OF LAW
Authors:   Irkutsk Institute (Branch), All-Russian State University of Justice, Safonov М. А.
Published: January 2021

The article is devoted to the issue of procedural and substantive rules of law, on the basis of which the International Military Tribunal was created and conducted its work over the main functionaries of the Nazi regime in Germany. The author explains the legal foundations of the Nuremberg tribunal's activities from the point of view of the law sources (forms) doctrine, and indicates the main sources and their role in the process of preparing the legal framework for the trial of war criminals. The author studied the main normative agreements drawn up by the countries of the anti-Hitler coalition for the organization of the trial of the fascist regime functionaries in Germanу, and examined the acts relating to the establishment of a military tribunal and determining the order of its work. As a special source underlying the conviction, the generally recognized principles of law are highlighted: humanism, moderation of repression, respect for human rights, etc. The author concludes that the procedural side of the legal support for the activities of the Nuremberg Tribunal had a solid basis in the form of a number of normative treaties concluded by authorized representatives of the winning countries, and the charges were based on an extensive layer of legal rules, denounced in the form of international treaties and recognized by the world community principles of law. At the same time, a distinctive feature of the sources underlying the charges was the lack of unified and universally recognized sanctions, which marked an obvious gap in international law, filled by the granting broad powers to the international military tribunal on the nature of possible defendants punishment. According to the author`s opinion, the importance of the Nuremberg tribunal, as a precedent that marked the beginning of the formation of institutions for bringing war criminals to justice, lies in the creation of a mechanism for the application of international criminal law sanctions.
Postmortem Combined Psychological and Psychiatric Forensic Expertise in Cases of Juvenile Suicide
Authors:   Irkutsk Institute (Branch), All-Russian State University of Justice, Bychkova A.M. , Vorsina O.P. ,   Irkutsk State Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education (Branch), Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation; Irkutsk Regional Neuropsychiatric Dispensary
Published: January 2021

The subject of the research is the postmortem combined psychological and psychiatric forensic expertise in cases of juvenile suicide. The authors reveal the legal basis for conducting examinations of this type; the content of complexity signs; the specifics of the subject of forensic psychological, forensic psychiatric and combined forensic psychological and psychiatric expert examinations. They point out that the expertise under consideration is a necessary stage of investigation of criminal cases on a number of articles of the Criminal code of the Russian Federation, and the quality of the examination is directly related to truth-seeking and that this statement fully applies to criminal cases on the facts of juvenile suicide. In order to study the practice of setting and carrying out the expertise of this type in cases of juvenile suicide, the authors studied 30 acts of postmortem examinations obtained by random sampling. The article presents the analysis of typical questions that were put to the experts, and the recommendations on the optimal formulation of these questions in order to fully identify the circumstances that are important for the cases. The authors note that the situation is unsatisfactory when the complexity of the postmortem forensic psychological and psychiatric expertise, in fact, is replaced by a set of two examinations: psychological and psychiatric.
Role of wastewater treatment in COVID-19 control
Authors: Chen Chao , Hayward Keith , Khan Stuart J. , Örmeci Banu , Pillay Sudhir , Rose Joan B. , Thanikal Joseph V. , Zhang Tong
Published: January 2021

The International Water Association (IWA) initiated a Task Force in April 2020 to serve as a leadership team within IWA whose role is to keep abreast and communicate the emerging science, technology, and applications for understanding the impact and the ability to respond to the COVID-19 pandemic and specifically designed for water professionals and industries. Expertise was nominated across the world with the purpose of collectively providing the water sector with knowledge products for the guidance on the control of COVID-19 and other viruses. This review paper developed by a working group of the IWA Task Force focuses on the control of COVID-19. The purpose of this review paper is to provide an understanding of existing knowledge with regards to COVID-19 and provide the necessary guidance of risk mitigation based on currently available knowledge of viruses in wastewater. This review paper considered various scenarios for both the developed world and the developing world and provided recommendations for managing risk. The review paper serves to pool the knowledge with regards to the pandemic and in relation to other viruses. The IWA Task Team envisage that this review paper provides the necessary guidance to the global response to the ongoing pandemic.
The Failing Heart in Pediatric Dilated Cardiomyopathy Caused by Excessive Water Drinking: A Case Report and Brief Review
Authors: Pradana Aditya Doni , Widodo Jarot
Published: January 2021

Background:

Acute heart failure in Dilated Cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a rare cardiac disease in the pediatric population. A 15-year-old boy was admitted to the
emergency department of Kendal Islamic Hospital, Kendal, Indonesia, on June 26th, 2020, with shortness of breath, tachycardia, and oxygen
desaturation.

Case Presentation:

The chest X-ray showed significant cardiomegaly with a cardiothoracic ratio of 70% and signs of pulmonary congestion. Transthoracic
echocardiography revealed dilation of the left atrium and Left Ventricle (LV), decreased global LV systolic function with reduced left ventricular
ejection fraction of 22%. Subsequently, he was diagnosed with acute heart failure in dilated cardiomyopathy and discharged on day six of
hospitalization.

Conclusion:

Focused initial assessment and time-to-therapy in acute heart failure settings need to be understood by all clinicians, especially emergency care
physicians.
Machine Learning Approaches in Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Landolfi Annamaria , Ricciardi Carlo , Donisi Leandro , Cesarelli Giuseppe , Troisi Jacopo , Vitale Carmine , Barone Paolo , Amboni Marianna
Published: January 2021

Background:

Parkinson’s disease is the second most frequent neurodegenerative
disorder. Its diagnosis is challenging and mainly relies on clinical aspects. At present,
no biomarker is available to obtain a diagnosis of certainty in vivo.

Objective:

The present review aims at describing machine learning algorithms as they
have been variably applied to different aspects of Parkinson’s disease diagnosis and characterization.

Methods:

A systematic search was conducted on PubMed in December 2019, resulting
in 230 publications obtained with the following search query: “Machine Learning”
“AND” “Parkinson Disease”.

Results:

The obtained publications were divided into 6 categories, based on different application
fields: “Gait Analysis - Motor Evaluation”, “Upper Limb Motor and Tremor
Evaluation”, “Handwriting and typing evaluation”, “Speech and Phonation evaluation”,
“Neuroimaging and Nuclear Medicine evaluation”, “Metabolomics application”, after excluding
the papers of general topic. As a result, a total of 166 articles were analyzed after
elimination of papers written in languages other than English or not directly related to the
selected topics.

Conclusion:

Machine learning algorithms are computer-based statistical approaches that
can be trained and are able to find common patterns from big amounts of data. The machine
learning approaches can help clinicians in classifying patients according to several
variables at the same time.
Prediction Models and Scores in Adult Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Arvanitaki Alexandra , Ntiloudi Despoina , Giannakoulas George , Dimopoulos Konstantinos
Published: January 2021

Nowadays, most patients with congenital heart disease survive to adulthood due to advances in pediatric
cardiac surgery but often present with various comorbidities and long-term complications, posing challenges
in their management. The development and clinical use of risk scores for the prediction of morbidity
and/or mortality in adults with congenital heart disease (ACHD) is fundamental in achieving optimal management
for these patients, including appropriate follow-up frequency, treatment escalation, and timely referral for
invasive procedures or heart transplantation. In comparison with other fields of cardiovascular medicine, there
are relatively few studies that report prediction models developed in the ACHD population, given the small
sample size, heterogeneity of the population, and relatively low event rate. Some studies report risk scores originally
developed in pediatric congenital or non-congenital population, externally validated in ACHD with variable
success. Available risk scores are designed to predict heart failure or arrhythmic events, all-cause mortality,
post-intervention outcomes, infective endocarditis, or atherosclerosis-related cardiovascular disease in
ACHD. A substantial number of these scores are derived from retrospective studies and are not internally or externally
validated. Adequately validated risk scores can be invaluable in clinical practice and an important step
towards personalized medicine. Multicenter collaboration, adequate study design, and the potential use of artificial
intelligence are important elements in the effort to develop reliable risk scores for the ACHD population.
Focus on the Multimodal Role of Biomarkers in Breast Cancer
Authors: Lang Damanpreet K. , Sood Ankita , Kaur Rajwinder , Arora Rashmi , Behl Tapan
Published: January 2021

Breast cancer is the most common type of malignancy affecting women worldwide and also stands
being the most diagnosed one. Mammography is considered as the golden standard for diagnosis but there are
high chances that it can give false- negative as well as false-positive test results. Finding cost-effective, readily
available diagnosis along with increased sensitivity as well as specificity is the need right now to decrease the
mortality as well as the morbidity rate. The application of biomarkers to clinical use has paved the way for a better
prognosis, diagnosis, detection, screening and better clinical results. The efficacy of the treatment is enhanced.
Biomarkers are known to cause an advancement in breast cancer study and are expected to improve the
quality of life in patients. Not only tissue biomarkers but serum and circulating biomarkers are also of significance
in patients. This review highlights the particulars about the current use and application of biomarkers in
an effective prognosis, detection, treatment of the breast cancer and also the ones which are currently being
studied under clinical trials and have the potential to be advantageous and more specific in the future.
The Double and Triple Role of L-(+)-tartaric Acid and Dimethyl Urea: A Prevailing Green Approach in Organic Synthesis
Authors: Ali Rashid , Chinnam Ajay Kumar , Aswar Vikas R.
Published: January 2021

The deep eutectic mixtures (DESs), introduced as a novel alternative to usual volatile
organic solvents for organic transformations, have attracted tremendous attention of the
research community because of their low cost, negligible vapour pressure, low toxicity, biodegradability,
recyclability, insensitivity towards moisture, and ready availability from bulk
renewable resources. Although the low melting mixture of dimethyl urea (DMU)/L-(+)-
tartaric acid (TA) is still in infancy, it is very effective as it plays multiple roles such as solvent,
catalyst and/or reagent in the same pot for many crucial organic transformations. These
unique properties of the DMU/TA mixture prompted us to provide a quick overview of where
the field stands presently and where it might be going in the near future. To our best knowledge,
no review dealing with the applications of a low melting mixture of DMU/TA appeared
in the literature except the one published in 2017, describing only the chemistry of indole systems. Therefore, we
intended to reveal the developments of this versatile, low melting mixture in the modern organic synthesis since its
first report in 2011 by Köenig’s team to date. Hopefully, the present review article will be useful to the researcher
working not only in the arena of synthetic organic chemistry but also to the scientists working in other branches of
science and technology.