bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efficiency of Water Quality Index Approach as an Evaluation Tool
Authors: Boyacioğlu Hülya , Gündoğdu Vildan
Published: June 2013

This study aimed to demonstrate efficiency of documented index method “universal water quality index-UWQI” to evaluate surface water quality and investigate seasonal and temporal changes, in the case of Gediz River Basin Turkey. UWQI expressed results relative to levels according to criteria specified in European legislation (75-440 EEC). The method produced a unitless number ranging from 1 to 100 and a higher number was indicator of better water quality. Water quality is classified into five classes and index scores between 95-100 represent excellent and lower than 24 represent poor quality. In the study, dissolved oxygen-DO, pH, mercury-Hg, cadmium-Cd, total phosphorus-TP, biochemical oxygen demand- BOD and nitrate nitrogen-NO3-N have been chosen as index determinants. Samples analyzed for these variables were collected from five stations on monthly basis along two years. Based on UWQI classification scheme, water quality at sampling stations had scores below 40 and assigned to “marginal” which is between fair and poor quality class. On the other hand sub-indices of water quality determinants showed seasonal differences for some parameters. Cd concentrations were higher in “high flow” and lower values were observed in “low flow” periods. This was explained by negative impact of urban runoff on water quality. On the other hand DO concentrations were higher in “high flow” period. Under “low flow” conditions water quality at upstream stations (where the industrial density is low) was comparably better than downstream part. The study showed that index approach can be efficient tool to: a) evaluate water quality, b) investigate spatial and seasonal variations and finally, c) extract required information from complex data sets that is understandable by non-technical people.
Assessment of Intrinsic Biodegradation Potentials in an Aquifer Contaminated with Chlorinated Ethenes in the Vicinity of Nowa Deba
Authors: Kiecak Aleksandra , Kret Ewa , Cichostępska Monika , Malina Grzegorz
Published: June 2013

Natural Attenuation (NA) in the case of groundwater contaminated with organic compounds relies mainly on intrinsic biodegradation processes. The aim of reliance on natural processes is to achieve site-specific cleanup objectives within reasonable time frames and costs. Such approach may be considered as a risk reduction/remedial option for groundwater contaminated with trichloroethene (TCE) and tetrachloroethene (PCE). This case study presents implementation of the US EPA’s guideline „Technical protocol for evaluating natural attenuation of chlorinated solvents in groundwater” to asses intrinsic biodegradation potentials in TCE and PCE contaminated groundwater in the vicinity of Nowa Deba waterworks (south-east Poland). Literature and field data collected from wells and piezometers were used to develop a conceptual model of contaminants’ fate and transport from a source to a receptor. The intrinsic biodegradation was investigated basing on available analytical parameters (eg concentrations of oxygen, nitrates, chlorides, and pH, TOC and temperature) that are considered as indicators of TCE and PCE transformation. Preliminary screening was done by giving certain points for these parameters, and interpreted in order to asses intrinsic biodegradation potentials. The results indicate inadequate evidence for intrinsic biodegradation (reductive dehalogention) of TCE and PCE, thus a limited potential for NA as a remedial/risk reduction option in the studied case, unless some measures for enhancement of TCE and PCE intrinsic biodegradation are applied.
Groundwater Formation Below Chernozem Soils - Effect of Mineral Fertilization, Rainy and Dry Periods
Authors: Sager Manfred
Published: June 2013

Chernozem soil samples from the east of Austria have been packed into columns in order to investigate the effects of mineral fertilization on the composition of water, released to deeper layers. A solution imitating NPK fertilization was added on top of water-saturated columns, and washed down with 150 cm3 portions (about 0.1 pore volumes) every day except weekends, for 2 months. The eluates were collected and analyzed by ICP and AAS methods. After about one pore volume, a strong peak in alkali, alkaline earths, and sulfate occurred in the eluates, due to ion exchange with the fertilizer solution. After this, most concentrations in the eluates approached a steady state again, but lower than the levels met before. After a period of drying, the release of K and S, as well as P in 2 of 3 cases, increased, whereas the release of Fe and Mn decreased. Before the eluates entered the sample collection vessels, ochre precipitation scavenged many solutes (Cr > Al > Pb > P > V > Fe), but left Mo-Sr-Mg-K-Se-B rather untouched.
Effect of Varied NPK Fertilization on Catalase Activity of Amaranth (Amaranthus Cruentus L.)
Authors: Skwaryło-Bednarz Barbara , Krzepiłko Anna
Published: June 2013

A study was carried out on the effect of varied NPK fertilization on catalase activity per gram fresh weight of the leaves of two varieties of amaranth, Rawa and Aztek, at different developmental stages (seedling, five-leaf, flowering and mature seed), as well as in the seeds. Amaranth was grown in a field experiment in southeast Poland, at wide-row spacing on good wheat complex soil. The following combinations of macronutrient levels were applied: I - 50 kg N ・ ha-1, 40 kg P ・ ha-1, 40 kg K ・ ha-1, II - 70 kg N ・ ha-1, 50 kg P ・ ha-1, 50 kg K ・ ha-1, III - 90 kg N ・ ha-1, 60 kg P ・ ha-1, 60 kg K ・ ha-1 and IV - 130 kg N ・ ha-1, 70 kg P ・ ha-1, 70 kg K ・ ha-1. The study showed that catalase activity exhibited a downward trend during the vegetation period of amaranth. The highest catalase activity was noted in the leaves during the first stage, ie the seedling stage. Increasing levels of NPK led to an increase in catalase activity. Leaves of the Rawa variety had higher catalase activity than those of the Aztek variety at every stage of development. The level of catalase activity in the amaranth seeds was also significantly affected by fertilization and the variety of amaranth. Higher levels of the fertilizers caused an increase in catalase activity in the seeds.
Determination of Surfactants in Environmental Samples. Part II. Anionic Compounds
Authors: Olkowska Ewa , Ruman Marek , Kowalska Anna , Polkowska Żaneta
Published: June 2013

Surface active agents (SAA) with negative charge of polar group are named as anionic compounds. They are the main constituent of most products containing synthetic surfactants. The linear alkylbenzene sulfonates (LAS), alkyl ethoxysulfates (AES) and alkyl sulfates (AS) are typically applied from this class of compounds. Those surfactants are ingredients of household detergents and cleaners, laundry detergents, cosmetic etc. Moreover they can be applied in the paper, textile and tanning industry as optical brighteners, dispersant, wetting and suspending agents. They can be substrates in the formulation of different products like dyes, pigments, pesticides, exchange resins, plasticizers and pharmaceuticals. Anionic surfactants after use are passed into sewage-treatment plants, where they are partially degraded and adsorbed to sewage sludge (applied in agriculture fields). Finally, the anionic SAA or their degradation products are discharged into surface waters and onto bottom sediments, soils or living organisms. Therefore, it is important (widely application, bioaccumulation, toxicity for living organisms) to investigate the environmental fate of those class of compounds in more details. This research involves determination the concentration of anionic surfactants with use appropriated analytical techniques in environmental samples The official methodology for determination of anionic SAA in liquid samples is based on the ion-pair reaction of these analytes compounds with methylene blue (MB) and an extraction with toxic solvent chloroform. During isolation step of anionic compounds from solid samples are employed Soxhlet and ultrasonic-assisted extraction techniques with use of methanol or mixture of other organic solvents as extraction medium. To overcome disadvantages of those traditional techniques were applied following techniques at sample preparation step from liquid and solid matrices: solid-phase extraction (SPE) and solid-phases microextraction (SPME); accelerated solvent extraction (ASE), microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), respectively. For estimate total concentration of anionic analytes in extracts the spectrophotometric technique is used (as official regulation). For determination concentration of individual analytes were applied gas (derivatization step requires) and liquid chromatography mainly with mass spectrometry technique. The presence of anionic surface active agents was confirmed in various ecosystems (liquid and solid environmental samples).
Impact of Alkalization of Surplus Activated Sludge on Biogas Production
Authors: Grűbel Klaudiusz , Machnicka Alicja , Wacławek Stanisław
Published: June 2013

Large amounts of sludge are produced in biological wastewater treatment plants. Since the sludge is highly contaminated, it has to undergo proper stabilization before it is disposed or utilized in an environmentally safe way. On the whole, the aim of bacterial cell disintegration is the release of cell contents in the form of an aqueous extract. Chemical disintegration of surplus activated sludge by alkalization results in destruction and disruption of the flocs and microorganisms as well as increase concentration of organic matter in supernatant. The mesophilic anaerobic sewage sludge digestion is an established process, most often applied at medium and large municipal sewage treatment plants. Four major steps of anaerobic digestion are distinguished. The first hydrolysis step leads to solubilization of insoluble particulate matter and biological decomposition of organic polymers to monomers or dimers. The hydrolysis step is recognized as the rate-limiting step of the following second and third steps, the processes of acidogenesis and acetogenesis. Chemical disintegration activates biological hydrolysis and, therefore, it can significantly increase the stabilization rate of the secondary sludge. It has been shown that when the activated sludge was subjected to alkalization to pH 9.0 value, the COD concentration increased from 101 to 530 mg/dm3 in sludge supernatant. The paper presents a potential application of chemical disintegration for sewage sludge (mainly activated sludge) to upgrading biogas production.
Evaluation of Effectiveness of Bisphenol a Removal on Domestic and Foreign Activated Carbons
Authors: Bohdziewicz Jolanta , Liszczyk Gabriela
Published: June 2013

Wide use of bisphenol A (BPA) in production of polycarbonates and plastic food packaging cause increase of concentration of BPA in the environment. Both in surface water, underground water and seawater BPA was frequently detected in different concentrations. Emerging problem is adsorption of BPA on sewage, because it could be considered as an additional source of pollution, if it is used as a fertilizer in agricultural sectors. Absorbed BPA on sewage sludge stays persistent in the environment and generates adverse biological effects in endocrine system. Because of ecological safety, exploration of potential techniques to remove BPA to the level, which does not give adverse effect on natural environment is necessary. In this study the adsorption of BPA from simulated water onto commercial activated carbons was investigated. On the basis of experimental data the kinetics and type of sorption were determined.
An Ecosystem Valuation Method for Small Water Bodies
Authors: Świerk Dariusz , Szpakowska Barbara
Published: June 2013

The paper discusses the development of a valuation method for small water bodies in a landscape park of agricultural character, since for such an area small water bodies are of considerable importance, primarily hydrological and natural. Analyses were conducted in the Dezydery Chlapowski Landscape Park. The object of the study comprised 13 water bodies differing in terms of landscape, morphological parameters (depth, shape, surface area, shoreline development) as well as aquatic and marsh vegetation. Some of these water bodies are typical in-field hollows, some are located in built-up areas, while two are located in a forest complex. The aim of the presented investigations was to develop a valuation method for small water bodies based on inventoried aquatic and marsh vegetation and including modifications of nature analysis methods such as the phytosociological method by Braun-Blanquet and ecological indexes according to Zarzycki. Using environmental variables statistical models were developed, describing dependencies between individual species and analysed variables. Investigations were conducted in the years 2008-2009, in which phytosociological relevés were prepared during the vegetation season. Analyses concerned vegetation of the littoral zone and the limnetic (open water) zone. The ecological status of water bodies was calculated on the basis of data concerning aquatic and marsh vegetation and the measured surface area of a given water body. Results indicate the advisability of having small water bodies covered with legal protection measures. In turn, the water bodies which underwent severe degradation should be remediated using available measures (dredging, creation of biogeochemical barriers).
The combined use of wavelet transform and black box models in reservoir inflow modeling
Authors: Okkan Umut , Ali Serbes Zafer
Published: June 2013

In the study presented, different hybrid model approaches are proposed for reservoir inflow modeling from the meteorological data (monthly precipitation, one-month-ahead precipitation and monthly mean temperature data) by the combined use of discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and different black box techniques. Multiple linear regression (MLR), feed forward neural networks (FFNN) and least square support vector machines (LSSVM) were considered as the black box methods. In the modeling strategy, meteorological input data were decomposed into wavelet sub-time series at three resolution levels and ineffective sub-time series were eliminated by Mallows’ Cp based all possible regression method. As a result of all possible regression analyses, 2-months mode of time series of monthly temperature (D1_Tt), 8-months mode of time series (D3_Tt) of monthly temperature and approximation mode of time series (A3_Tt) of monthly temperature were eliminated. Remained effective sub-time series were used as the inputs of MLR, FFNN and LSSVM. When the performances of the training and testing periods were compared, it was observed that the DWTFFNN conjunction model has better results in terms of mean square errors (MSE) and determination coefficients (R2) statistics. The discrete wavelet transform approach also increased the accuracy of multiple linear regression and least squares support vector machines.
The assemblages of transparent heavy minerals in Quaternary sediments of the Kielce-Łagów Valley (Holy Cross Mountains, Poland)
Authors: Ludwikowska-Kędzia Małgorzata
Published: June 2013

The composition of the transparent heavy-mineral assemblages (0.25-0.1 mm) in Quaternary slope, karst, glacial, fluvioglacial and fluvial deposits with different parent material was investigated in the Kielce-Łagów Valley (the central part of the Palaeozoic core of the Holy Cross Mountains). For the purpose, 93 samples of mostly sandy sediments were examined. Some marker and some supporting minerals can be distinguished. Slope and karst deposits are dominated by the abrasion-resistant minerals zircon, tourmaline, staurolite and rutile. This assemblage points at a source consisting of strongly weathered pre-Quaternary bedrock. Glacial and fluvioglacial deposits are dominated by medium-resistant and non-resistant minerals (garnet, amphibole, pyroxene and biotite). The two types of parent material of the heavy minerals are typical of the Quaternary deposits in the Polish uplands. The two sources are most clear in the younger (Vistulian and Holocene), mostly fluvial sediments. The results of the analysis imply that the impact of Pleistocene glaciers on the central part of the Holy Cross Mountains was neither large enough to hide the local mineralogical background, nor sufficient to dominate over the main processes transforming the mineral composition under the variable climatic conditions of the Quaternary, including aeolian processes and chemical weathering.
Possibilities and restrictions of heavy-mineral analysis for the reconstruction of sedimentary environments and source areas
Authors: Derkachev A.N. , Nikolaeva N.A.
Published: June 2013

The possible reconstruction of ancient sedimentary environments on the basis of heavy-minerals assemblages is presented by means of discriminant lithogeodynamic diagrams that compare modern and ancient sedimentary environments. This is exemplified by Mesozoic-Cenozoic deposits recovered from ODP cores obtained from the Philippine and Japan Seas, the Japan Trench and the North Atlantic, as well as by deposits from folded areas onshore. On the basis of the comparative analysis, it can be deduced that the main tendencies in mineral assemblages of modern deposits that depend on the structural-tectonic conditions, are fairly well preserved in Cenozoic deposits (including the deposits recovered by ODP drilling). On the other hand, the environmental reconstruction of folded and faulted pre-Cenozoic continental areas on the basis of their heavy-mineral assemblages, by comparing them with supposed modern analogs, is not always possible with much certainty. The main reasons may be either a considerable change in the composition of the initial (primary) mineral assemblages as a result of intralayer solution or the absence, at the time of deposition, of geodynamic environments that closely resembled modern ones.
Characters of Innovation Management in the Primary Health Care Centers
Authors: Aslani Alireza , Naaranoja Marja
Published: June 2013

Innovation management in the primary health care centers is one of the important debates among the governments and academic forums. Although the number of studies in the field of innovation in health care sectors has increased over the last 10 years, little is known about the conditions for the successful implementation of innovations in the health care centers. In this paper, we review and assess the situation of Finnish health care centers from innovation management viewpoint. We try to answer one of the important questions designed by policy makers: “How can Finnish health care centers move toward systems that continuously improve their innovation and creativity?” The presented framework describes the main characters and dimensions of diffusion of ideation and innovation in the health care centers.
Individual Differences and Quality Of Translation: A Personality-Based Perspective
Authors: Karimnia Amin , Mahjubi Mahsa
Published: June 2013

The current study was targeted at investigating the relationship between translation students’ personality types and the quality of their English-to-Persian translations with respect to different text types. To this aim, 35 undergraduate senior students of translation were randomly sampled. To obtain some demographic information about the participants, the researchers used a background questionnaire. The participants were given three different text types for the translation task. An advertisement, a scientific text and a narrative text were chosen to serve Reiss’ text typology (1971) including operative, informative and expressive texts, respectively. The students were also provided with retrospective questionnaires to shed light on their performance in the act of translating. Subsequently, once the participants’ personality types were determined via the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) anchored in Jung’s psychological theory, their dominant mental functions involving intuition, sensation, feeling and thinking were identified. To analyze the data, the One-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) procedure and post-hoc analysis were employed. The results of the study indicated that the only dichotomy showing a significant difference was that of intuition versus sensation. Simply put, the intuitors outperformed their sensor counterparts in the translation of the expressive text. Taking into account the findings of the current study, the researchers suggest some pedagogical guidelines too.
Grammatical and Semantic Acceptability of Utterance Texts of Patients Diagnosed with Paranoid Schizophrenia. A Research Report
Authors: Obrębska Monika
Published: June 2013

The present study compared utterance texts of healthy individuals and individuals suffering from paranoid schizophrenia, by using a purpose-built Grammatico-Semantic Acceptability Quotient which examined the degree of linguistic acceptability of analyzed sentences. The study involved 130 hospitalized psychiatric patients diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia and 130 healthy individuals. The study yielded the biggest so far corpus of marked utterance texts of schizophrenic patients in the Polish language. A total of 11,414 sentences were isolated, 7,180 of which were produced by individuals suffering from schizophrenia. The level of their acceptability was found to be considerably lower, especially in the case of sentences produced by patients with positive type schizophrenia.
First record of catacrinid crinoid from the Lower Permian of Spitsbergen
Authors: Gorzelak Przemysław , Błażejowski Błażej , Uchman Alfred , Hanken Nils−Martin
Published: June 2013

An early Permian (late Artinskian-Roadian) cladid crinoid (Catacrinidae gen. et sp. indet.) is reported for the first time from the Vøringen Member of the Kapp Starostin Formation of Spitsbergen. The specimen is partly articulated and preserves a considerable part of its stalk and a complete cup, but only the proximal portions of its arms. Thus, it can− not be identified with any degree of certainty at the generic level. Despite this, our finding is important as it constitutes one of the youngest records of catacrinid crinoids to date and con− siderably extends the palaeogeographic distribution of this group.
Indo-European *Gu̯h in Germanic
Authors: Witczak Krzysztof Tomasz
Published: June 2013

Krzysztof Tomasz Witczak. Indo-European *gÁh in Germanic. Lingua Posnaniensis, vol. LIV (2)/2012. The Poznań Society for the Advancement of the Arts and Sciences. PL ISSN 0079-4740, ISBN 978-83-7654-252-2, pp. 83-90. Purpose and method: In my paper I discuss the development of IE. *gÁh in the Germanic languages, using the historical-comparative method. Results: Two regular reflexes of IE. *gÁh in Proto-Germanic (*g and *w) can be explained by the place of the Indo-European accent, e.g. Gmc. *garmaz m. ‘fire dog’ (< IE. *gÁhórmos) vs. Gmc. *warmaz adj. ‘warm, hot’ (< IE. *gÁhormós); Gmc. *dagaz m. ‘day’ (< IE. *dhogÁhós) vs. Gmc. *snaiwaz m. ‘snow’ (< *snóigÁhos m. ‘snow’). Conclusion: The double distribution of IE. *gÁh in Proto-Germanic, which is motivated by the primitive accent, can be described as a rule similar to das Vernersche Gesetz.
Maternal and Paternal Effect on the Characters of Durian (Durio Zibethinus Murr.) Fruit from Cross-Pollination
Authors: Indriyani Ni Luh Putu , Hadiati Sri , Nasution Fitriana , Sudjijo Edison , Irawati Yulia
Published: June 2013

Streszczenie

Badano wpływ form rodzicielskich na cechy owoców duriana z zapyleń krzyżowych. Odmianami rodzicielskimi użytymi w krzyżowaniach były ‘Matahari’, ‘Kani’, ‘Otong’, ‘Sitokong’, ‘Lai’, ‘Kim’, ‘Sunan’, ‘Bokor’, ‘Hortimart’ i ‘Tangkue’. Badania wykazały, że odsetek zawiązywania owoców wynosił od 0% do 20% w różnych kombinacjach krzyżowań. Wpływ odmiany jako formy matecznej był istotny na takie cechy, jak zawiązywanie owoców, masę owoców, obwód owocu, długość owocu, grubość skórki owocu, grubość miąższu, udział części jadalnej, długość kolców, liczba komór bez miąższu, całkowita masa i liczba nasion w pełni wykształconych oraz procentowy udział nasion niewypełnionych. Odmiana Matahari użyta jako forma mateczna wytwarzała największe owoce z najgrubszym miąższem podskórnym, w najwyższym procencie części jadalnych i wszystkimi komorami wypełnionymi. Formy ojcowskie miały wpływ na zawiązywanie owoców, długość owocu, grubość skórki, liczbę nasion, całkowitą wagę nasion oraz udział nasion niewypełnionych. Odmiana Sitokong użyta jako forma ojcowska miała najniższą całkowitą masę nasion i najmniejszą liczbę nasion oraz najwyższy udział nasion niewypełnionych
Effects of Shoot Heading on Three Canopy Vase Forms of Apricot Trees (Armeniaca vulgaris Lam.)
Authors: Szklarz Michał , Radajewska Bożena , Kluczyńska Monika , Głowacka Ewa
Published: June 2013

The study was carried out in the Przybroda experimental orchard near Poznań, Poland, using the three apricot cultivars: Goldrich, Hargrand and Sirena. The trees were trained to three canopy vase forms. Every year, in spring, shortly after the blooming period, apricot tree shoots were shortened by one half, or by one third of their length. The control trees were not shortened. The influence of the shortening of the shoots on tree growth, morphology of fruit bearing zone, flower bud setting, and tree yielding was studied. Trees with shoots shortened by one half of their length developed a greater number of branched shoots than the control trees, but, at the same time, they developed less spurs. The best yielding results were obtained from the ‘Sirena’ trees, while the lowest yielding results were obtained from ‘Goldrich’. Trees with a vase canopy form, with 7-9 limbs and branches, and with shoots shortened by one third of their length, yielded better than the trees of the two other canopy forms
Assessment of the Pesticide Residue Occurrence in Fruit from the South-Eastern Region of Poland During 2010-2011 Seasons
Authors: Słowik-Borowiec Magdalena , Szpyrka Ewa , Kurdziel Anna , Grzegorzak Magdalena , Matyaszek Aneta
Published: June 2013

During the 2010-2011 seasons, analyses of 171 samples of fresh fruit from the south-eastern region of Poland were performed. The research program included the determination of 137 (in 2010) to 152 (in 2011) active substances, together with their metabolites and decomposition products. The analytical methods used in the research were gas chromatography (GC/ECD/NPD) and spectrophotometry (to determine residues of dithiocarbamates). The results were compared with Poland’s allowed maximum residue levels (MRLs).

Residues of active plant protection product substances were detected in 85 samples (50%), while 7 (4%) samples had exceeded the MRLs.

Violations of MRLs were mainly concerned with the following group of insecticides: cypermethrin (in black currant), esfenwalerate (in raspberry), and the fungicides: propiconazole, and difenoconazole (in gooseberries).
Entre chien et loup, les personnalités Borderland
Authors: Bernstein Jerome S. , Lacour Laurence , Le Hénand Françoise
Published: June 2013

Toute culture possède un mythe fondateur sur lequel elle est édifiée. Pour la culture occidentale, il s’agit de la Bible hébraïque. L’auteur analyse les conséquences archétypiques du récit du jardin d’Éden de la Genèse sur l’évolution de la civilisation occidentale. Il montre comment la construction du moi dans la culture euro-américaine a fait de celui-ci un partenaire de la co-évolution du psychisme – pour le meilleur et pour le pire. L’homme acculturé est psychiquement séparé et apparemment définitivement coupé de toute connexion psychique vivante d’avec la Nature. Partant de là, la psyché occidentale évolue vers une perte progressive de l’esprit et du lien au sacré. Ceci est symbolisé de manière flagrante par l’attitude occidentale à l’égard de la planète mettant en péril la survie de notre espèce. Cet article explore les deux pôles du trauma, positif et négatif. Il s’attache à montrer comment la conscience Borderland naît d’un passage, via le portail du trauma, vers une dimension du sacré qui lui procure enfin un sentiment d’apaisement. Une vignette clinique est présentée qui illustre la dynamique décrite ci-dessus et propose une approche thérapeutique des personnalités Borderland .
L'agencement de soi dans la relation – une vision interpersonnelle du self
Authors: Knox Jean , Lacour Laurence
Published: June 2013

Dans cet article, j’envisage une conception du self comme coconstruit dans la relation. Je m’appuie sur les observations mère-nourrisson qui ont prouvé le rôle central de l’intériorisation des expériences interpersonnelles dans le développement du sens du self et de l’autoagencement. L’une des caractéristiques de l’action et de l’interaction humaines qui sous-tend la coconstruction d’un self est l’alternance interactionnelle. Les recherches montrent qu’une absence de coordination caractérise souvent la relation adulte-nourrisson et que l’essentiel de leurs interactions consiste à réaliser un accordage à partir d’un état de désaccordage initial. Il s’agit là d’un processus de réparation mutuellement régulé. C’est la capacité du tout-petit à réparer l’interruption qui lui permet de faire l’expérience d’un sentiment d’agencement en jouant un rôle dans la cocréation d’une interaction plus harmonieuse. Le rôle central de cette alternance interactionnelle dans le développement de l’agencement de soi signifie aussi que ce processus est extrêmement tributaire des effets catastrophiques d’un désaccordage maternel grave sur le développement psychologique et affectif de son bébé, y compris sur le développement de son autoagencement. J’analyse certaines des implications de ces recherches pour notre pratique clinique de psychothérapeutes.
Les ménages et les technologies de l'information et de la communication (tic) en France et en Europe en 2012
Authors: Deroin Valérie
Published: June 2013

The access to digital equipment and technologies by households has strongly evolved over the last ten years: two households on ten in France had access to the internet in 2002 and eight on ten in 2012, which is a little higher than the average of the European Union. The digital penetration of the territory is linked to technological developments but also to social and economic strategies, both at national and European levels. However, disparities remain in digital uses, regarding age group, type of household and level of education. The internet is going mobile, in particular among the youngest. Internet uses for communication and search for information are always widely spread in France as well as in the whole EU27. Yet, national specificities may be observed: the internet users living in France practise fewer on-line cultural activities and order more rarely cultural goods or services on the internet than the internet users living in other EU Member States.
Théâtre des émotions
Authors: Toffin Gérard
Published: June 2013

Tous les ans, les anciens bûcherons Balâmi vivant à la périphérie de la vallée de Katmandou (Népal) donnent des représentations théâtrales très ritualisées à l’intention des habitants des agglomérations voisines, dont la petite ville de Pharping. Ces performances mettent en scène de vieilles histoires royales dont l’intrigue varie légèrement d’années en années. Elles sont ponctuées d’épisodes comiques. Les émotions qu’expriment les acteurs constituent un ressort essentiel du drame, notamment les larmes des princesses qui voient périr leur mari. Le jeu reste extrêmement codifié et entouré de croyances religieuses. Ces pièces se terminent par des sacrifices d’animaux offerts aux divinités patronnes de la troupe. Issues du théâtre néwar classique de l’époque Malla ( xvii e - xviii e siècle particulièrement), elles témoignent de puissantes interactions entre traditions populaires et littérature plus savante.
Quand la presse défie les États. Les ambitions internationales du Matin (1897-1944)
Authors: Pinsolle Dominique
Published: June 2013

L’instrumentalisation des journaux par les gouvernements en matière de relations internationales a déjà été largement étudiée. L’historiographie a cependant tendance à cantonner la presse à un rôle d’intermédiaire passif et à la réduire à des feuilles d’influence ne disposant d’aucune initiative propre. Pourtant, l’étude du Matin , un des quotidiens français les plus importants de la première moitié du xx e siècle, prouve qu’un journal national peut exercer une réelle influence à l’échelle internationale, même si cette influence demeure fragile et très limitée. Maurice Bunau-Varilla, patron légendaire du Matin de 1903 à 1944, n’hésite pas à défier certains gouvernants étrangers dans les décennies précédant le premier conflit mondial et devient l’interlocuteur de certains d’entre eux après 1918. Cependant, son influence reste dépendante de l’attitude des autres journaux ou des puissances qui cherchent à l’instrumentaliser.
Les correspondants étrangers de l'Agence France Presse sous une double contrainte étatique
Authors: Laville Camille
Published: June 2013

L’Agence France Presse entretient avec l’État français des liens étroits qui s’expliquent par les conditions de sa création au lendemain de la Seconde Guerre mondiale mais également par son statut juridique. Bien que l’État et l’agence de presse entretiennent des relations d’influence depuis 1944, celles-ci ont connu des variations historiques considérables. Les correspondants étrangers de l’Agence France Presse sont aux prises avec une double contrainte étatique, celle exercée par l’État français mais également celle exercée par le pouvoir étatique du pays qu’ils couvrent, notamment dans le cadre des régimes autoritaires. C’est donc à une renégociation permanente qu’ils doivent procéder pour exercer leur activité en respectant les règles éthiques du métier d’agencier.
A Remote Engineering Lab based on Augmented Reality for Teaching Electronics
Authors: Odeh Salaheddin , Abu Shanab Shatha , Anabtawi Mahasen , Hodrob Rami
Published: June 2013

Many engineering students graduate with insufficient practical experience in many fields although their theoretical knowledge might be deep. One main reason is the lack of available labs. Unfortunately, other solutions such as virtual and remote labs presented by pure graphical visualization for assisting the students to develop their practical skills, cannot completely replace hand-on labs, because they lack reality and try to visualize instruments and experiments graphically. Our research is aimed at checking and proofing the appropriateness of augmented reality (AR) to be used in representing client user-interfaces in remote labs. Students can carry out an engineering experiment represented by real and virtual elements, components and equipment overlaid with virtual objects.
Remote Triggered Analog Communication Laboratory for e-Learning
Authors: Markan CM , Kumar Goutam , Mittal Sajal , Gupta Priti , Gupta Satendra , Satsangi Anshul , Gupta Ashima , Kapur Garima
Published: June 2013

Currently most universities have Online-learning environments ready to be remotely accessed through the internet. Remote labs have emerged as a viable alternative for developing skills and to learn how to deal with laboratory instruments in the absence of real labs. Remote labs can provide remote access to hardware and simulators, and can allow students to perform experiments without time and location restrictions. In addition, they provide the necessary guidance and also constrain user operation in order to avoid dangerous situations (both from set-up integrity and from the userâ??s point of view). In this paper, we describe a hierarchical model of a remote lab for analog communication that is focused for undergraduate and engineering students. The lab brings together a two level learning approach. i). A basic device level approach for new users and ii). An advanced block level approach for advanced users. Features like on-demand service, virtual breadboard, interactive instrument panels and supporting supplementary materials, makes our lab the right candidate to be used in e-learning. The lab is currently being used for e-learning at distance education centers of the university.
Why All States Should Adopt a State-Level Earned Income Tax Credit: A Policy Argument
Authors: Stokan Eric. J.
Published: June 2013

This article argues that states that do not currently have a state-level Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) would benefit by adopting such a program. Relying on extensive literature, the article concludes that a state-level ETIC can effectively reduce poverty, especially among children; enhance employment by attracting new entrants into the labor market; reduce the regressive nature of the tax system; and bolster the economies of areas with high concentrations of poverty. This article estimates the costs for each state without a current program for fiscal year 2013. Overall, it argues that this program, which is widely supported by many interests, can benefit states greatly in simultaneously achieving several social policies with relative administrative ease.
Heterarchy: An Interorganizational Approach to Securing the United States Against a Pandemic Threat
Authors: Mars Diane
Published: June 2013

United States public health and security capabilities are vulnerable to the magnitude and complexity of infectious diseases. Recently, human cases of a new H7N9 influenza in China have underscored the unpredictability of outbreaks. This article analyzes the federal government’s role in addressing an imminent pandemic threat from an organizational perspective, beginning with the Cabinet Departments of Homeland Security (DHS) and Health and Human Services (HHS), which jointly lead pandemic planning and response. This article recommends that these departments, their agencies, and international partners continue building and maintaining a heterarchy, the most optimal interorganizational structure for securing against and responding to a pandemic threat. This requires establishing clear, yet flexible responsibilities and shared systems, terminology, and tools. Given a hypothetical scenario in which a disease is introduced into the United States by a potentially infected foreign migrant entering through a maritime port of entry, current protocol and operations are promising. However, further heterarchical coordination is necessary to appropriately manage all plausible scenarios.
Hyperimmunoglobulin E Syndrome Presenting as Osteogenesis Imperfecta in a 3 Year Old Child
Authors: Gorgas Stephen , Abuhammour Walid , Blackwood R. Alexander
Published: June 2013

We present a case of hyperimmunoglobulin E (hyper-IgE) syndrome in a three year old boy. There are many pitfalls in diagnosing this disease in the very young population, mainly due to the ambiguity of some diagnostic criteria in this population. Recognizing this syndrome early in life can potentially be very beneficial to the patients involved and the medical system as a whole. Early diagnosis can lead to fewer diagnostic tests, fewer referrals, and more focused exams, thus potentially reducing medical cost while also reducing the number of serious infections later in life, including those which are potentially fatal. Additionally, a well-known association between lymphoma and hyper-IgE syndrome has been established; while no recommendations are currently in place for screening, early diagnosis could help medical providers have a higher threshold for diagnosis of this disease.
Endodermal Sinus Tumor of Vagina in Infants
Authors: Chauhan Smita , Nigam Jitendra Singh , Singh Pallavi , Misra Vatsala , Thakur Brijesh
Published: June 2013

Endodermal sinus tumor (or Yolk Sac tumor) of the vagina is a rare malignant germcell tumor which is seen exclusively in children younger than 3 years of age. We report two cases of endodermal sinus tumor of the vagina. In both cases no radiological investigation was done and serum alpha-fetoprotein was elevated. The histopathological examination of both the tumor masses revealed vaginal endodermal sinus tumor. Periodic-acid-Schiff stain with diastase showed diastase resistant hyaline globules. These findings confirmed the diagnosis of endodermal sinus tumor in both cases. Vaginal endodermal sinus tumor is both locally aggressive and capable of metastasis. The serum alpha-fetoprotein level is a useful marker for diagnosis and monitoring the recurrence of vaginal endodermal sinus tumor in infants. Early detection and therapy is important because of its aggressive nature and good response to chemotherapy.
The Bible and evolution: Opinions amongst southern African clergy and theologians from the Reformed church tradition
Authors: Van Dyk Peet J.
Published: June 2013

The main objectives of the present study were to determine the opinions of southern African clergy and theologians (from the Reformed church tradition) about evolution and faith and to assess their degree of knowledge regarding the biological theory of evolution. A total of 1720 structured electronic questionnaires were sent out via email to all clergy belonging to the �Nederduitse Gereformeerde� and �Hervormde� churches, of which 89 were received back. The SPSS 20 statistical program was used to conduct descriptive and inferential statistical analyses of these data. Most participants were positive about the theory of biological evolution, but expressed the belief that evolution should be seen as a process guided by God. However, most participants failed to appreciate the fact that this view was contrary to the non-teleological nature of the biological theory of evolution and failed to distinguish between what should be accepted in faith and what can be demonstrated or �proved� (e.g. as is common in intelligent design circles). Many participants were not clear about the finer aspects of evolutionary theory and therefore often believed common misconceptions about it. In conclusion, one could say that participants were positive about evolution and, at least nominally, agreed with non-fundamentalist views of the Bible.
On Optimal Cash Management under a Stochastic Volatility Model
Authors: Song Na , Ching Wai-Ki , Siu Tak-Kuen , Yiu Cedric Ka-Fai
Published: June 2013

We discuss a mathematical model for optimal cash management. A firm wishes to manage cash to meet demands for daily operations, and to maximize terminal wealth via bank deposits and stock investments that pay dividends and have uncertain capital gains. A Stochastic Volatility (SV) model is adopted for the capital gains rate of a stock, providing a more realistic way to describe its price dynamics. The cash management problem is formulated as a stochastic optimal control problem, and solved numerically using dynamic programming. We analyze the implications of the heteroscedasticity described by the SV model for evaluating risk, by comparing the terminal wealth arising from the SV model to that obtained from a Constant Volatility (CV) model.
Tropospheric profiles of wet refractivity and humidity from the combination of remote sensing datasets and measurements on the ground
Authors: Hurter F. , Maier O.
Published: June 2013

Abstract. We reconstruct atmospheric wet refractivity profiles for the western part of Switzerland with a least-squares collocation approach from datasets of (a) zenith path delays that are a byproduct of the GPS (Global Positioning System) processing, (b) ground meteorological measurements, (c) wet refractivity profiles from radiooccultations whose tangent points lie within the study area, and (d) radiosonde measurements. Wet refractivity is a parameter partly describing the propagation of electromagnetic waves and depends on the atmospheric parameters temperature and water vapour pressure. In addition, we have measurements of a lower V-band microwave radiometer at Payerne. It delivers temperature profiles at high temporal resolution, especially in the range from ground to 3000 m a.g.l., though vertical information content decreases with height. The temperature profiles together with the collocated wet refractivity profiles provide near-continous dew point temperature or relative humidity profiles at Payerne for the study period from 2009 to 2011. In the validation of the humidity profiles, we adopt a two-step procedure. We first investigate the reconstruction quality of the wet refractivity profiles at the location of Payerne to wet refractivity profiles computed from radiosonde profiles available for that location. We also assess the individual contributions of the datasets to the reconstruction quality and demonstrate a clear benefit from the data combination. Secondly, the accuracy of the conversion from wet refractivity to dew point temperature and relative humidity profiles with the radiometer temperature profiles is examined, comparing them also to radiosonde profiles. For the least-squares collocation solution combining GPS and ground meteorological measurements, we achieve the following error figures with respect to the radiosonde reference: maximum median offset of relative refractivity error is −16% and quartiles are 5% to 40% for the lower troposphere. We further added 189 radiooccultations that met our requirements. They mostly improved the accuracy in the upper troposphere. Maximum median offsets have decreased from 120% relative error to 44% at 8 km height. Dew point temperature profiles after the conversion with radiometer temperatures compare to radiosonde profiles as to: absolute dew point temperature errors in the lower troposphere have a maximum median offset of −2 K and maximum quartiles of 4.5 K. For relative humidity, we get a maximum mean offset of 7.3%, with standard deviations of 12–20%. We demonstrate in this study that least-squares collocation is capable of combining humidity related datasets such that resulting humidity profiles gain from complementary strengths of the various measurement methods. Since the datasets are operational and in near-realtime available, we envisage collocation to be a possible tool for nowcasting of clouds and rain and to understand processes in the boundary layer and at its top.
Concentration and vertical flux of Fukushima-derived radiocesium in sinking particles from two sites in the Northwestern Pacific Ocean
Authors: Honda M. C. , Kawakami H. , Watanabe S. , Saino T.
Published: June 2013

Abstract. At two stations in the western North Pacific, K2 in the subarctic gyre and S1 in the subtropical gyre, time-series sediment traps were collecting sinking particles when the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FNPP1) accident occurred on 11 March 2011. Radiocesium (134Cs and 137Cs) derived from the FNPP1 accident was detected in sinking particles collected at 500 m in late March 2011 and at 4810 m in early April 2011 at both stations. The sinking velocity of 134Cs and 137Cs was estimated to be 22 to 71 m day−1 between the surface and 500 m and >180 m day−1 between 500 m and 4810 m. 137Cs concentrations varied from 0.14 to 0.25 Bq g−1 dry weight. These values are higher than those of surface seawater, suspended particles, and zooplankton collected in April 2011. Although the radiocesium may have been adsorbed onto or incorporated into clay minerals, correlations between 134Cs and lithogenic material were not always significant; therefore, the form of the cesium associated with the sinking particles is still an open question. The total 137Cs inventory by late June at K2 and by late July at S1 was 0.5 to 1.7 Bq m−2 at both depths. Compared with 137Cs input from both stations by April 2011, estimated from the surface 137Cs concentration and mixed-layer depth and by assuming that the observed 137Cs flux was constant throughout the year, the estimated removal rate of 137Cs from the upper layer (residence time in the upper layer) was 0.3 to 1.5% yr−1 (68 to 312 yr). The estimated removal rates and residence times are comparable to previously reported values after the Chernobyl accident (removal rate: 0.2–1%, residence time: 130–390 yr).