EFFICIENCY OF PHOTON CAPTURE BEAM TECHNOLOGY AND PHOTODYNAMIC IMPACT ON MALIGNANT AND NORMAL HUMAN CELLS IN VITRO
Authors:   State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», Talko V. V. , Lavrenchuk G. Y. ,   State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», Pochapinskyi O. D. ,   State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», Atamanuk N. P. ,   State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», Chernyshov A. V. ,   State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine»
Published: December 2022

Objective: to investigate the structural and morphofunctional changes in test systems of malignant (cell line A-549) and normal (stem fibroblasts) human cells exposed to X-rays in the presence of gadolinium-containing photon capture agent «Dotavist» and optical light (red spectrum) in combination with «Fotolon» photosensitizer. Methods. The continuous cell culture of normal human fibroblasts and malignant human cells technology, X-ray and red light exposure, cytological and statistical methods. Results. Effects of the two binary radiation technologies, namely the photon capture impact on malignant cells (human non-small cell lung cancer cells i.e. line A-549) and normal cells (human stem fibroblasts) when incubated with gadolinium-containing photon capture agent «Dotavist» and photodynamic effect in the presence of «Fotolon» photosensitizer applied separately and in combination were studied in a comparative mode. Proceeding from morphofunctional characteristics (growth kinetics, proliferative and mitotic activity) of the above-mentioned test systems, peculiarities of the effect on malignant and normal cells were established. Irradiation with X-rays to the 1.0, 5.0, and 10.0 Gy doses resulted in inactivation of respectively 10 %, 46 %, and 80% of the A-549 line malignant cells. Cellular irradiation to a 1.0 Gy dose in the presence of the photon capture agent «Dotavist» (10 μl/ml concentration) inhibited cell proliferation by 50 %, suppressing their mitotic activity. At a dose of 10.0 Gy in the presence of «Dotavist» the inhibition by 93 % of the growth and division of malignant cells occurred, indicating the high efficiency of binary radiation technology. The effect of two binary radiation technologies on malignant human cells (A-549 line), namely the combination of red light with «Fotolon» (0.05 mg/ml concentration) and X-ray exposure in the above doses with «Dotavist» (10 μl/ ml concentration) resulted in the death of respectively 64 %, 86 %, and 99 % malignant cells. The culture of normal fibroblasts was found being more sensitive to the influence of a complex of binary radiation impact, as exposure to a dose of 10.0 Gy in the presence of «Dotavist» and «Fotolon» inactivated 100 % of cells. Conclusion. The obtained results provide basis of preclinical evaluation of effectiveness of the combined impact of two binary technologies and drugs used in the photon capture technology and photodynamic therapy i.e. the photon capture agent «Dotavist» and «Fotolon» photosensitizer respectively. Key words: culture of human malignant cells, culture of human fibroblasts, proliferation, X-ray irradiation, photon capture agent, red light, photosensitizer.