bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In Other Journals
Authors: Lopez Bianca , McCartney Melissa , Szuromi Phil , Nusinovich Yevgeniya , Hurtley Stella M. , Suleymanov Yury , Scanlon Seth Thomas
Published: April 2022

Editors’ selections from the current scientific literature
A Pharmacokinetic Analysis of Tobramycin in Patients Less than Five Years of Age with Cystic Fibrosis: Assessment of Target Attainment with Extended-Interval Dosing through Simulation
Authors: Downes Kevin J. , Grim Austyn , Shanley Laura , Rubenstein Ronald C. , Zuppa Athena F. , Gastonguay Marc R.
Published: April 2022

Extended interval dosing of tobramycin is recommended for treatment of pulmonary exacerbations in adults and older children with cystic fibrosis (CF), but data are limited in patients less than 5 years of age. We performed a retrospective population pharmacokinetic (PK) analysis of hospitalized children with CF <5 years of age prescribed intravenous tobramycin for a pulmonary exacerbation from March 2011 to September 2018 at our hospital.
Generation of Mature DENVs via Genetic Modification and Directed Evolution
Authors: Tse Longping V. , Meganck Rita M. , Dong Stephanie , Adams Lily E. , White Laura J. , Mallory Michael L. , Jadi Ramesh , de Silva Aravinda M. , Baric Ralph S.
Published: April 2022

Mature DENVs represent the dominant form
in vivo
and are the target for vaccine development. Here, we used multiple strategies, including protein engineering and natural and directed evolution to generate DENV1, -2, -3, and -4 variants that are highly mature without compromising replication efficiency compared to the parental strains.
Alinity m, a Random-Access System, for Hepatitis B Virus DNA Quantification in Plasma and Whole Blood Collected on Dried Blood Spots
Authors: Ortonne Valérie , Lucas Quentin , Garrigou Olivia , Soulier Alexandre , Challine Dominique , Pawlotsky Jean-Michel , Leroy Vincent , Chevaliez Stéphane
Published: April 2022

Hepatitis B virus is one of the most prevalent blood-borne viruses affecting the liver and causing acute and chronic hepatitis. Only a small proportion of people with HBV infection are diagnosed.
Compositionally Aware Phylogenetic Beta-Diversity Measures Better Resolve Microbiomes Associated with Phenotype
Authors: Martino Cameron , McDonald Daniel , Cantrell Kalen , Dilmore Amanda Hazel , Vázquez-Baeza Yoshiki , Shenhav Liat , Shaffer Justin P. , Rahman Gibraan , Armstrong George , Allaband Celeste , Song Se Jin , Knight Rob
Published: April 2022

Microbiome data analysis can be difficult because of particular data features, some unavoidable and some due to technical limitations of DNA sequencing instruments. The first step in many analyses that ultimately reveals patterns of similarities and differences among sets of samples (e.g., separating samples from sick and healthy people or samples from seawater versus soil) is calculating the difference between each pair of samples.
Gut Microbiota Mediates the Protective Effects of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula Qiong-Yu-Gao against Cisplatin-Induced Acute Kidney Injury
Authors: Zou Ye-Ting , Zhou Jing , Zhu Jin-Hao , Wu Cheng-Ying , Shen Hong , Zhang Wei , Zhou Shan-Shan , Xu Jin-Di , Mao Qian , Zhang Ye-Qing , Long Fang , Li Song-Lin
Published: April 2022

Cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury is the main limiting factor restricting cisplatin’s clinical application. Accumulating evidence indicated the important role of gut microbiota in pathogenesis of acute kidney injury.
Supplemental Material: Oligocene onset of uplift and inversion of the Cascadia forearc basin, southern Oregon Coast Range, USA
Authors: Darin Michael H. , al. et
Published: April 2022

Expanded methods, Figures S1–S6, sample information, and detrital zircon U-Pb analytical data.
Let there be light! The meteoric rise of cardiac imaging
Authors: Reid Anna , Dweck Marc Richard
Published: April 2022

Imaging plays a central role in modern cardiovascular practice. It is a field characterised by exciting technological advances that have shaped our understanding of pathology and led to major improvements in patient diagnosis and care. The UK has played a key international role in the development of this subspecialty and is the current home to many of the leading global centres in multimodality cardiovascular imaging. In this short review, we will outline some of the key contributions of the British Cardiovascular Society and its members to this rapidly evolving field and look at how this relationship may continue to shape future cardiovascular practice.
Cardiac surgery and congenital heart disease: reflections on a modern revolution
Authors: Lim Joanna Catherine Ee-Sien , Elliott Martin John , Wallwork John , Keogh Bruce
Published: April 2022

The success of cardiac surgery has transformed the prospects of children with congenital heart disease with over 90% now surviving to adulthood. The early pioneering surgeons took on significant risk, whilst current surgical practice emphasises safety and consistency. In this article we review important British contributions to the field and consider challenges for the future, specifically how to better manage and reduce the adverse sequelae of congenital cardiac surgery by continuing to innovate safely.
JAK inhibitors and COVID-19
Authors: Levy Gabriel , Guglielmelli Paola , Langmuir Peter , Constantinescu Stefan N
Published: April 2022

During SARS-CoV-2 infection, the innate immune response can be inhibited or delayed, and the subsequent persistent viral replication can induce emergency signals that may culminate in a cytokine storm contributing to the severe evolution of COVID-19. Cytokines are key regulators of the immune response and virus clearance, and, as such, are linked to the—possibly altered—response to the SARS-CoV-2. They act via a family of more than 40 transmembrane receptors that are coupled to one or several of the 4 Janus kinases (JAKs) coded by the human genome, namely JAK1, JAK2, JAK3, and TYK2. Once activated, JAKs act on pathways for either survival, proliferation, differentiation, immune regulation or, in the case of type I interferons, antiviral and antiproliferative effects. Studies of graft-versus-host and systemic rheumatic diseases indicated that JAK inhibitors (JAKi) exert immunosuppressive effects that are non-redundant with those of corticotherapy. Therefore, they hold the potential to cut-off pathological reactions in COVID-19. Significant clinical experience already exists with several JAKi in COVID-19, such as baricitinib, ruxolitinib, tofacitinib, and nezulcitinib, which were suggested by a meta-analysis (Patouliaset al.) to exert a benefit in terms of risk reduction concerning major outcomes when added to standard of care in patients with COVID-19. Yet, only baricitinib is recommended in first line for severe COVID-19 treatment by the WHO, as it is the only JAKi that has proven efficient to reduce mortality in individual randomized clinical trials (RCT), especially the Adaptive COVID-19 Treatment Trial (ACTT-2) and COV-BARRIER phase 3 trials. As for secondary effects of JAKi treatment, the main caution with baricitinib consists in the induced immunosuppression as long-term side effects should not be an issue in patients treated for COVID-19.

We discuss whether a class effect of JAKi may be emerging in COVID-19 treatment, although at the moment the convincing data are for baricitinib only. Given the key role of JAK1 in both type I IFN action and signaling by cytokines involved in pathogenic effects, establishing the precise timing of treatment will be very important in future trials, along with the control of viral replication by associating antiviral molecules.
Comparing treatment outcomes of various intracranial bifurcation aneurysms locations using the Woven EndoBridge (WEB) device
Authors: Adeeb Nimer , Dibas Mahmoud , Diestro Jose Danilo Bengzon , Phan Kevin , Cuellar-Saenz Hugo H , Sweid Ahmad , Lay Sovann V , Guenego Adrien , Aslan Assala , Renieri Leonardo , Sundararajan Sri Hari , Saliou Guillaume , Möhlenbruch Markus , Regenhardt Robert W , Vranic Justin E , Lylyk Ivan , Foreman Paul M , Vachhani Jay A , Župančić Vedran , Hafeez Muhammad U , Rutledge Caleb , Waqas Muhammad , Tutino Vincent M , Rabinov James D , Ren Yifan , Schirmer Clemens M , Piano Mariangela , Kuhn Anna L , Michelozzi Caterina , Elens Stephanie , Starke Robert M , Hassan Ameer , Salehani Arsalaan , Brehm Alex , MohammedAli MajdEddin , Jones Jesse , Psychogios Marios , Spears Julian , Lubicz Boris , Panni Pietro , Puri Ajit S , Pero Guglielmo , Griessenauer Christoph J , Asadi Hamed , Siddiqui Adnan , Ducruet Andrew , Albuquerque Felipe C , Du Rose , Kan Peter , Kalousek Vladimir , Lylyk Pedro , Stapleton Christopher J , Boddu Srikanth , Knopman Jared , Aziz-Sultan Mohammad A , Limbucci Nicola , Jabbour Pascal , Cognard Christophe , Patel Aman B , Dmytriw Adam A
Published: April 2022

Background

The Woven EndoBridge (WEB) device has Food and Drug Administration approval for treatment of wide-necked intracranial bifurcation aneurysms. The WEB device has been shown to result in adequate occlusion in bifurcation aneurysms overall, but its usefulness in the individual bifurcation locations has been evaluated separately only in few case series, which were limited by small sample sizes.

Objective

To compare angiographic and clinical outcomes after treatment of bifurcation aneurysms at various locations, including anterior communicating artery (AComA), anterior cerebral artery (ACA) bifurcation distal to AComA, basilar tip, internal carotid artery (ICA) bifurcation, and middle cerebral artery (MCA) bifurcation aneurysms using the WEB device.

Methods

A retrospective cohort analysis was conducted at 22 academic institutions worldwide to compare treatment outcomes of patients with intracranial bifurcation aneurysms using the WEB device. Data include patient and aneurysm characteristics, procedural details, angiographic and functional outcomes, and complications.

Results

A total of 572 aneurysms were included. MCA (36%), AComA (35.7%), and basilar tip (18.9%) aneurysms were most common. The rate of adequate aneurysm occlusion was significantly higher for basilar tip (91.6%) and ICA bifurcation (96.7%) aneurysms and lower for ACA bifurcation (71.4%) and AComA (80.6%) aneurysms (p=0.04).

Conclusion

To our knowledge, this is the most extensive study to date that compares the treatment of different intracranial bifurcation aneurysms using the WEB device. Basilar tip and ICA bifurcation aneurysms showed significantly higher rates of aneurysm occlusion than other locations.
'Balloon pressure technique' for endovascular treatment of spinal cord arteriovenous fistulas: preliminary results in 10 cases
Authors: Clarençon Frédéric , Parat Damien , Shotar Eimad , Premat Kévin , Lenck Stéphanie , Drir Mehdi , Maillart Elisabeth , Boch Anne-Laure , Sourour Nader
Published: April 2022

Background

Spinal arteriovenous fistulas (SAVFs) are challenging lesions to treat by endovascular means. Our purpose was to report our early experience with dual lumen balloons (DLBs) for embolization of SAVFs using ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH) (the so-called 'balloon pressure technique' (BPT)).

Materials and methods

During the inclusion period, 10 consecutive patients (nine men, mean age 61.6 years) underwent endovascular treatment of a SAVF (seven dural SAVFs and three epidural SAVFs) at a single institution using the BPT. DLBs were used in all cases. In seven cases (70%), a regular DLB was used, while in three cases (30%), low profile DLBs were used. EVOH was used as the liquid embolic agent in all cases. Technical and clinical complications were systematically recorded. Clinical and angiographic outcomes were systematically evaluated more than 3 months after the procedure.

Results

Complete cure of the SAVF by endovascular means alone was obtained in 80% of cases (8/10). For the two patients with incomplete SAVF occlusion, surgery was successfully performed secondarily. No recurrence was found at the 3 month follow-up in the eight patients for whom complete occlusion was obtained at the end of the embolization procedure. No permanent clinical complication was recorded using the BPT. Clinical improvement was observed in 6/10 (60%) cases.

Conclusion

BPT was a feasible technique, with regular or low profile DLBs, for embolization of SAVFs. Our preliminary results suggest the safety and effectiveness of this technique.
Using a smartphone application maintains physical activity following pulmonary rehabilitation in patients with COPD: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Spielmanns Marc , Gloeckl Rainer , Jarosch Inga , Leitl Daniela , Schneeberger Tessa , Boeselt Tobias , Huber Stephan , Kaur-Bollinger Pawandeep , Ulm Bernhard , Mueller Claudia , Bjoerklund Jonas , Spielmanns Sabine , Windisch Wolfram , Pekacka-Egli Anna-Maria , Koczulla Andreas Rembert
Published: April 2022

Background

Evidence suggests that patients with COPD struggle to maintain improved physical activity (PA) after completing pulmonary rehabilitation (PR). Smartphone applications (apps) providing a comprehensive training programme have conferred healthy benefits. This study was conducted to determine whether regular usage of an app maintains PA following PR.

Methods

Patients with stage II–IV COPD were enrolled in a 6-month trial following PR. After the screening period, participants were randomised into the Kaia COPD app group (intervention group (IG)) or the control group (CG). The primary outcome was PA (daily steps), measured using an activity tracker. Secondary outcomes included the COPD Assessment Test (CAT), the Chronic Respiratory Disease Questionnaire (CRQ) and the 1 min Sit-to-Stand Test (STST).

Results

Sixty participants completed the study. The median steps from baseline to 6 months were significantly different between the groups, in favour of the IG (−105.3, IQR −1970.1 to 2105.8, vs CG −1173.0, IQR −3813.1 to –93.8; p=0.007). CAT was significantly decreased in the IG (15.1±8.6 vs 19.7±6.4, p=0.02), whereas the CRQ subdomains for dyspnoea (4.5±1.7 vs 3.7±1.3, p=0.033) and fatigue (4.5±1.4 vs 3.5±1.3, p=0.028) improved significantly in the IG. The STST at 6 months was not significant. Sleep duration and sleep efficiency showed no significant differences between the two groups at any time.

Conclusions

A comprehensive program by using the Kaia app following PR maintained PA and improved symptoms in patients with COPD at 6 months. The app might be an important accessory tool for enhanced COPD care.

Trial registration number

DRKS00017275.
Optimized maintenance plan for oil and gas pipelines
Authors: El-Abbasy Mohammed S. , Zayed Tarek , Mirahadi Farid , Parvizsedghy Laya , Senouci Ahmed
Published: April 2022

Oil and gas pipelines transport millions of dollars of products every day making the optimization of their long-term maintenance strategies an essential target for practitioners. Thus, this paper aims to optimize the maintenance plan of such pipelines by maximizing their lifetime average condition with the minimum possible cost. This is achieved in three steps: (1) developing a life-cycle cost model for such pipelines to determine their net present value (NPV) based on the different rehabilitation actions applied throughout their lifetime; (2) establishing a strategy to determine the condition index of such pipelines before and after any rehabilitation action applied throughout their lifetime; and (3) formulating the optimization model and applying the elitist non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) to determine the optimum maintenance plans for such pipelines. The optimization model is applied to a real-life case study to demonstrate its applicability.
A species- and site-specific stand density index based on growth and mortality
Authors: Wade R.K.
Published: April 2022

A stand density index (SDI) was derived from three hypotheses, of which two concern mortality and growth up to the age at which there is an inflection point in growth, and the third relates mean tree volume and dbh (quadratic mean diameter at breast height) up to that age. The equations are [Formula: see text] or [Formula: see text], reference dbh = 25.4 cm or 10 inches. The parameters λ and β relate mean tree volume to dbh and stand volume to number of trees. Either equation provides a simple alternative to determining the self-thinning line and finding its slope, and also provides a direct comparison to the Reineke equation. Comparison of SDI values and exponents from the above equations to others’ results indicates the equations tend to produce smaller exponents, and larger SDI values, for dbh less than 25.4 cm. Values of [Formula: see text] varied with species and site quality, generally with smaller values than 1.605 for conifers, and larger values for angiosperms, when these were determined from yield tables, while values from experimental plots were always smaller than those from yield tables. Parameters must be estimated from data that are not significantly beyond the inflection age, and β and the ratio of growth to mortality parameters must be comparable.
Introducing the Strategy for Patient Oriented Research (SPOR) Evidence Alliance: a partnership between researchers, patients and health system decision-makers to support rapid-learning and responsive health systems in Canada and beyond
Authors: Tricco Andrea C. , Zarin Wasifa , Clement Fiona , Abou-Setta Ahmed M. , Curran Janet A. , LeBlanc Annie , Li Linda C , Godfrey Christina , Moffitt Pertice , Moher David , Colquhoun Heather , Graham Ian D. , Florez Ivan D. , Wilhelm Linda , Isaranuwatchaia Wanrudee , Mann Jackie , Hamilton Marina , Srinivasan Vasanthi , Bornstein Stephen , Straus Sharon E.
Published: April 2022

This is the introductory paper in a collection of four papers on the Strategy for Patient-Oriented Research (SPOR) Evidence Alliance, a pan-Canadian research initiative that was funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research in September of 2017. Here, we introduce the SPOR enterprise in Canada, provide a rationale for the creation of the SPOR Evidence Alliance, provide information on the mandate and approach, and describe how the SPOR Evidence Alliance adds to the health research ecosystem in Canada and beyond.
Toric G-Fano threefolds
Authors: Sarikyan Arman
Published: April 2022

We classify toric Fano threefolds having at worst terminal singularities such that the rank of the [Formula: see text]-invariant part of the class group equals one, where [Formula: see text] is a finite group acting on the variety by automorphisms.
An extended 3rd-order B-spline strategy to solve linear BVPs rising in stability analysis of electrically conducting fluid in a magnetic field
Authors: Khalid Aasma , Rehan Akmal , Osman M. S.
Published: April 2022

In this paper, an extended cubic B Spline scheme (CBS) is utilized to solve linear 10th-order boundary value problems (BVPs). Such types of BVPs occur in stability analysis of electrically conducting fluid in a magnetic field. The key concept is that we switched the BVPs to recreate a system that consists of all linear equations. We will alter our problem into such a form that converts the system of 10th-order BVPs and we are struck on a new system of 2nd-order BVPs. The appropriate outcome given by using CBS is contrasted with the accurate root to each problem. For each and every iteration, absolute error is also premeditated. The rule originated here aside from the estimation of the 10th-order BVPs also evaluates derivative from 1st-order to 10th-order of the accurate root. Couple of examples are demonstrated to evidence the adequacy and aptitude of the proffered strategy.
A delayed perturbation method for reducing dynamical degradation and its application in PRBG
Authors: Zhu Ziwen , Wang Jie , Liu Lingfeng
Published: April 2022

Dynamical degradation is inevitable when chaotic map is implemented on a device with limited precision. To mitigate the insecurity caused by dynamic degradation, an effective method based on linear feedback and parameter perturbation with previous variables is proposed in this paper. We apply this method on the basis of the most widely used one-dimensional logistic map. Through the numerical experiments, this model is proved to have good chaotic characteristics and strong competitiveness. In addition, in order to verify the practicability of this method, we design a simple process pseudo-random bit generator (PRBG), whose security completely depends on the improved logistic map. The results of NIST experiment show that the generated pseudo-random sequence has ideal randomness.
Dynamics of node cascading model with source-sink edges
Authors: Li Wei , Wang Dawei , Liu Xiaoqiang , Gao Qiang , Wang Jianwei
Published: April 2022

The load is a very important physical quantity for cascading failures in critical infrastructure networks. However, in previous studies, regardless of the node cascading failure model or the edge cascading failure model, all load in the network is born on the nodes ignoring the possibility of load pouring into the network from edges. For example, almost all vehicles from communities, units, parking lots, etc. are flooding into the transportation network from roads. To this end, considering that the starting point and the destination of the transferred load are located on the “edge”, we give a new method to calculate the initial load on the node and construct a node cascading model with source-sink edges. According to the information about the degree of two nodes connecting the edge, we define the edge weight and give the preferential mechanism of load destination selection. In addition, different from previous models, the load transmitted between two edges will be evenly distributed on all nodes of the shortest paths. By removing the node with the highest load in some artificial networks and two real networks, we study the cascading dynamics. We find the interesting phenomenon of the capacity paradox that the higher capacities of all nodes do not mean that the network has the higher robustness. By two metrics to quantify the network robustness, we further evaluate the robust mode of the network under different parameters, and study the optimal cost to suppress cascading failures in some networks.
Thermal control of IC chips using phase change material: A CFD investigation
Authors: Kurhade Anant Sidhappa , Murali G.
Published: April 2022

The aim of this paper is to provide an implicit transient numerical formulation of novel minichannel-coupled passive thermal arrangement to cool down unidentical IC chips on substrate board. In the proposed design, PCM is integrated in the minichannel which is kept at the periphery of IC chips. Through means of direct conduction from substrate board, phase change material absorbs latent heat and allows it to change its phase from solid to liquid by providing effective thermal cooling performance in system. A comparative study is developed between without PCM, with minichannel-coupled PCM and optimized single minichannel near the heat source. Results show that between paraffin wax, N-Eicosane and ATP 78 PCM, N-Eicosane can provide effective cooling performance. With the N-Eicosane temperature in the system controlled from 53.234∘C of the generic model to 51.520∘C and a significant 1.74∘C of temperature drop compared with the generic model, an additional 0.5∘C of temperature reduction occurs as compared with the case of paraffin wax PCM and 1.35∘C when compared with ATP 78 PCM.
Important nodes mining based on a novel personalized temporal motif pagerank algorithm in temporal networks
Authors: Zhao Xiuming , Yu Hongtao , Zhang Jianpeng , Wu Zheng , Wu Yiteng
Published: April 2022

In temporal networks, PageRank-based methods are usually used to calculate the importance of nodes. However, almost all the methods focus on the first-order relationships between nodes while ignore higher-order interactions between nodes in the graph. Considering that temporal motifs are recurring, higher-order and significant network connectivity patterns, which can capture both temporal and higher-order structural features in dynamic networks, this paper proposes a novel Personalized Temporal Motif PageRank (PTMP) algorithm to measure the importance of nodes in temporal networks. Specifically, to capture temporal information and higher-order features, we develop a method extracting temporal motif instances from temporal networks, and design an algorithm to compute the weighted motif adjacency matrix and the diagonal motif out-degree matrix, then define a motif transition matrix, which contains the personalized feature and can be used to compute the importance score of nodes. Finally, we make the steady-state analysis for the PTMP algorithm and compare it with other state-of-the-art baselines on multiple real-world datasets. The experimental results demonstrate that the PTMP algorithm is capable of mining much richer important nodes information accurately and effectively.
SINGAPORE’S HIGH WAGE POLICY REVISITED
Authors: LIM CHONG YAH
Published: April 2022

The author, now aged 90, reflects on the then highly iconoclastic National Wages Council (NWC) recommendation of a 20% yearly gross wage increase guideline for three years, 1979–1981. He emphasizes the important differences between the negotiable and the non-negotiable recommended wage increases. He also emphasizes the important difference between a pure percentage wage increase and a quantum plus percentage wage increase formula particularly in the integral economic restructuring program. The compulsory payments consisting of the important Central Provident Fund (CPF) increases and the new Restructuring Skills Development Fund (SDF) Levy. The increase in the compulsory CPF led to the formation of the Sovereign Wealth Fund — the Government Investment Corporation (GIC). The restructuring led to the creation of the SDF. The SDF was used to promote labor productivity through the then equally iconoclastic substitution of capital for labor programs. The end result of the restructuring policy was to minimize demand-pull inflationary pressures, increase the gross wages of low-wage and medium-wage workers and increase real Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth rates, accompanied by an important fall in the Gini Coefficient of income inequality. The anti-cyclical preparedness of the high-wage economic restructuring program is also emphasized and the idea of discussing the high-wage policy in isolation is debunked.
Darboux transformations and reality conditions for stationary Dirac and Klein—Gordon equations in one dimension
Authors: Schulze-Halberg Axel
Published: April 2022

We construct new Darboux transformations for one-dimensional stationary Dirac and Klein–Gordon equations. The transformed solutions and potentials are expressed in closed form through generalized Wronskians. A reality condition for the transformed potentials is derived.
Actor-Critic for Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning with Self-Attention
Authors: Zhao Juan , Zhu Tong , Xiao Shuo , Gao Zongqian , Sun Hao
Published: April 2022

The rapid development of deep reinforcement learning makes it widely used in multi-agent environments to solve the multi-agent cooperation problem. However, due to the instability of multi-agent environments, the performance is insufficient when using deep reinforcement learning algorithms to train each agent independently. In this work, we use the framework of centralized training with decentralized execution to extend the maximum entropy deep reinforcement learning algorithm Soft Actor-Critic (SAC) and proposes the multi-agent deep reinforcement learning algorithm MASAC based on the maximum entropy framework. Proposed model treats all the agents as part of the environment, it can effectively solve the problem of poor convergence of algorithms due to environmental instability. At the same time, we have noticed the shortcoming of centralized training, using all the information of the agents as input of critics, and it is easy to lose the information related to the current agent. Inspired by the application of self-attention mechanism in machine translation, we use the self-attention mechanism to improve the critic and propose the ATT-MASAC algorithm. Each agent can discover their relationship with other agents through encoder operation and attention calculation as part of the critic networks. Compared with the recent multi-agent deep reinforcement learning algorithms, ATT-MASAC has better convergence effect. Also, it has better stability when the number of agents in the environment increases.
Regional Self-Attention Convolutional Neural Network for Facial Expression Recognition
Authors: Zhou Lifang , Wang Yi , Lei Bangjun , Yang Weibin
Published: April 2022

Facial expression recognition (FER) has been a challenging task in the field of artificial intelligence. In this paper, we propose a novel model, named regional self-attention convolutional neural network (RSACNN), for FER. Different from the previous methods, RSACNN makes full use of the facial texture of expression salient region, so yields a robust feature representation for FER. The proposed model contains two novel parts: regional local multiple pattern (RLMP) based on the improved K-means algorithm and the regional self-attention module (RSAM). First, RLMP uses the improved K-means algorithm to dynamically cluster the pixels to ensure the robustness of texture features with expression salient variation. Besides, the texture description is enhanced by extending the binary pattern to the multiple patterns and integrating the information of gray difference between pixels in the region. Next, RSAM can adaptively form weights for each region through the self-attention mechanism, and use rank regularization loss (RRLoss) to constrain the weights of different regions. By jointly combining RLMP and RSAM, RSACNN can effectively enhance the feature representation of expression salient regions, so that the performance of expression recognition can be improved. Extensive experiments on public datasets, i.e. CK[Formula: see text], Oulu-CASIA, Fer2013 and SFEW, prove the superiority of our method over state-of-the-art approaches.
A Multi-Objective Current Compensation Strategy for Photovoltaic Grid-Connected Inverter
Authors: Li Shengqing , Wang Zhijian , Han Wang
Published: April 2022

This paper aims at resolving problems of harmonic, reactive power and current imbalance. In the process of photovoltaic grid connection, a multi-objective control strategy is proposed, in which the three-phase network controller simultaneously controls the harmonic and realizes the reactive power and current balance. The [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] current detection method, which is based on the current reactive power characteristic theory, can detect the compensation current. In order to reduce the measurement error of PLL, a software PLL based on decoupled double synchronous reference coordinate transformation is introduced, and the principle of multi-objective rule of three-stage network inverter is also given. The simulation and test results show that the harmonic distortion rate decreases from 2.57% to 1.10% with the proposed strategy, and the unbalance between reactive power and current is compensated, which verifies the correctness and feasibility of the strategy.
Designing a Compact Microstrip Dual-Band Filter with Two T-Shaped Resonators and Suitable Frequency Selectivity
Authors: Shiri F. , Dousti M. , Shama F.
Published: April 2022

A miniaturized microstrip dual-band bandpass filter (DBPF) with two T-shaped resonators is proposed. The two T-shaped resonators lead to multiple transmission zeros in the stopband and higher filter selectivity. The filter is analyzed using LC and even/odd mode analyses to determine the transmission zeros. The LC equivalent circuit and transfer function are presented. The proposed filter is symmetrical, so the electrical length and impedance values are used for odd/even mode analysis. The designed DBPF is centered at 1.9/5.54[Formula: see text]GHz and is suitable for WLAN applications. The insertion loss of the filter is less than 0.5[Formula: see text]dB and its return loss is more than [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]dB in each band. Five transmission zeros are created with an attenuation greater than [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]dB. The total area of the proposed filter is [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]mm2. To validate the proper performance of the proposed filter, it is fabricated and measured.
On the optimal control of propagation fronts
Authors: Bressan Alberto , Chiri Maria Teresa , Salehi Najmeh
Published: April 2022

We consider a controlled reaction–diffusion equation, motivated by a pest eradication problem. Our goal is to derive a simpler model, describing the controlled evolution of a contaminated set. In this direction, the first part of the paper studies the optimal control of 1-dimensional traveling wave profiles. Using Stokes’ formula, explicit solutions are obtained, which in some cases require measure-valued optimal controls. In the last section, we introduce a family of optimization problems for a moving set. We show how these can be derived from the original parabolic problems, by taking a sharp interface limit.
Existence and stability of symmetric and asymmetric patterns for the half-Laplacian Gierer–Meinhardt system in one-dimensional domain
Authors: de Medeiros Markus , Wei Jun-Cheng , Yang Wen
Published: April 2022

In this paper, we study the existence and stability of multiple spikes pattern to the fractional Gierer–Meinhardt model with periodic boundary conditions and the fractional power [Formula: see text]. Specifically, we rigorously establish the existence of symmetric multiple spikes and asymmetric two-spikes solutions by the classical Lyapunov–Schmidt reduction method. We also investigate the stability of the constructed solution by studying its associated large and small eigenvalue problems, where we need to consider two nonlocal eigenvalue problems in their fractional versions. In the study of the large eigenvalue problem, the quantity [Formula: see text] is the critical threshold which determines the stability of [Formula: see text]-peaked solutions. For the symmetric two-spikes pattern we obtain the asymptotic expansion for the critical threshold [Formula: see text] up to the second order. Moreover, we provide some elementary properties of the Green’s function, including the first and second derivatives, they are linked to the location of the spikes and the stability. Among these properties on the Green’s function, we find out that the polygamma function [Formula: see text] plays a crucial role.
Beltrami’s completeness for 𝕃p symmetric matrix fields
Authors: Aibeche Aissa , Amrouche Chérif , Bahouli Bassem
Published: April 2022

Geymonat extended Gurtin’s result on Beltrami’s completeness to [Formula: see text]-case. The first objective of this paper is to generalize Geymonat’s result to [Formula: see text]-case with tangential and normal boundary conditions. Maggiani et al. proposed an extension of Beltrami’s-type decomposition for symmetric matrix fields in [Formula: see text] when [Formula: see text] is simply connected domain and of class [Formula: see text]. The second objective of this paper is to present more extensions of the above decomposition when the domain [Formula: see text] is only of class [Formula: see text] and not necessarily simply connected. The third objective of this paper is to use the previous characterizations of matrix fields to solve some variants of the bi-Laplacian problem.
Investigation of implicit constitutive relations in which both the stress and strain appear linearly, adjacent to non-penetrating cracks
Authors: Itou Hiromichi , Kovtunenko Victor A. , Rajagopal Kumbakonam R.
Published: April 2022

A novel class of implicit constitutive relations is studied, wherein the stress and the linearized strain appear linearly, that describe material response in elastic porous bodies like rocks, ceramics, concrete, cement, bones and metals. The constitutive relation is applied to a body with a crack subjected to non-penetration conditions between the opposite crack faces. To treat well-posedness of a corresponding variational inequality, we rely on a new approximation by thresholding dilatation and apply the Lions existence theorem on pseudo-monotone variational inequalities. An analytical solution to a specific example (without crack) under uniform triaxial loading is constructed, wherein blow-up can take place at a finite load, and this difficulty is overcome within a thresholding approximation so that blow-up does not occur.
Goussarov–Polyak–Viro conjecture for degree three case
Authors: Ito Noboru , Kotorii Yuka , Takamura Masashi
Published: April 2022

Although it is known that the dimension of the Vassiliev invariants of degree three of long virtual knots is seven, the complete list of seven distinct Gauss diagram formulas has been unknown explicitly, where only one known formula was revised without proof. In this paper, we give seven Gauss diagram formulas to present the seven invariants of the degree three (Proposition 4). We further give [Formula: see text] Gauss diagram formulas of classical knots (Proposition 5). In particular, the Polyak–Viro Gauss diagram formula [M. Polyak and O. Viro, Gauss diagram formulas for Vassiliev invariants, Int. Math. Res. Not. 1994 (1994) 445–453] is not a long virtual knot invariant; however, it is included in the list of [Formula: see text] formulas. It has been unknown whether this formula would be available by arrow diagram calculus automatically. In consequence, as it relates to the conjecture of Goussarov-Polyak-Viro [Finite-type invariants of classical and virtual knots, Topology 39 (2000) 1045–1068, Conjecture 3.C], for all the degree three finite type long virtual knot invariants, each Gauss diagram formula is represented as those of Vassiliev invariants of classical knots (Theorem 1).
Virtual index cocycles and invariants of virtual links
Authors: Nikonov Igor
Published: April 2022

Virtual index cocycle is the 1-cochain that counts virtual crossings in the arcs of a virtual link diagram. We show how this cocycle can be used to reformulate and unify some known invariants of virtual links.
Capturing links in spatial complete graphs
Authors: Nikkuni R.
Published: April 2022

We say that a set of pairs of disjoint cycles [Formula: see text] of a graph [Formula: see text] is linked if for any spatial embedding [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] there exists an element [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] such that the [Formula: see text]-component link [Formula: see text] is nonsplittable, and also say minimally linked if none of its proper subsets are linked. In this paper, (1) we show that the set of all pairs of disjoint cycles of [Formula: see text] is minimally linked if and only if [Formula: see text] is essentially same as a graph in the Petersen family, and (2) for any two integers [Formula: see text], we exhibit a minimally linked set of Hamiltonian [Formula: see text]-pairs of cycles of the complete graph [Formula: see text] with at most 18 elements.
Conformable fractional Bohr Hamiltonian with a four inverse power terms potential for triaxial nuclei
Authors: Ahmadou K. , Likéné A. Atangana , Ema’a Ema’a J. M. , Takembo C. N. , Abiama P. Ele , Ben-Bolie G. H.
Published: April 2022

In this paper, we look for a novel analytical solution of the Conformable Fractional Bohr Hamiltonian in the presence of a four inverse power terms potential in [Formula: see text]-part of the collective nuclear potential. The new expression for the wave functions and energy spectra is obtained using the conformable fractional extended Nikiforov–Uvarov method. The effect of the conformable fractional formulation is studied on root mean square deviation, and normalized fractional eigen energies of ground state band, [Formula: see text]-band and [Formula: see text]-band of [Formula: see text]Pt, [Formula: see text]Pt and [Formula: see text]Pt atomic nuclei. The [Formula: see text] transition rates are calculated within the fractional domain. We compare our results with the experimental data, the classical Bohr Hamiltonian model with four inverse power terms potential, and other relevant theoretical works. We discuss on how the fractional parameter [Formula: see text] acts on the spectra of triaxial nuclei. The results provided by our new approach are found to be in good agreement with the experimental data and improved compared to previous works.
Preference of heavy fragments as competing modes for alpha decay of 294Og
Authors: Rajeswari N. S. , Vasanthi L.
Published: April 2022

Complete binary decay of [Formula: see text]Og formed in the heavy-ion fusion reaction is studied in the frame work of Yukawa-plus-exponential potential with a third-order polynomial potential for the overlapping region. Preformation probability, which is taken as the probability of penetration in the overlapping region, calculated for the use of reduced classical hydrodynamical mass, reveals the preference for near symmetric fission fragments [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], in competency with alpha decay. Influence of the parameter [Formula: see text] of classical hydrodynamical mass is studied in preformation values. Half-life calculated for alpha decay matches well with experimental value for the use of reduced mass. Half-lives calculated for symmetric, near symmetric fragments [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] are found to be low for the use of reduced hydrodynamical mass and promises preference of near symmetric fragments emission, as a competing decay mode to alpha decay and confirms the role of shell structure in deciding the most probable fragment.
Secondary emission in pre-equilibrium reaction effects on differential cross-section
Authors: Ali Akram Mohammed
Published: April 2022

The differential cross-sections of the pre-equilibrium reactions were calculated within the exciton model (EM) and Feshbach–Kerman–Konin (FKK) theory for some selected reactions targets ([Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] with [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] reactions at low and high energies 10, 14, 16, 25 and 57 MeV using PRECO-2006 to investigate the importance of secondary emission in the pre-equilibrium reactions. The results showed that the emission of secondary nucleons showed a behavior in the resulting spectra, the most prominent of which is its significant contribution to adding to the spectra obtained through practical experiments. As multistep direct (MSD) and multistep compound (MSC) are the main two components in the pre-equilibrium reaction, it was shown that the MSD dominated above 5[Formula: see text]MeV emission energy rather than MSC reaction.
Radioactivity of Dysprosium
Authors: Srinivas M. G. , Sowmya N. , Manjunatha H. C. , Damodara Gupta P. S. , Munirathnam R. , Manjunatha N.
Published: April 2022

The effective liquid drop model (ELDM) is used to explore the one proton radioactivity of all possible Dysprosium isotopes, and the molecular phase of the di-nuclear system is used to investigate the possible barriers limiting one proton emission. The mass excess values are obtained from [Chin. Phys. C 45 (2021) 030003]. The WKB integral is used to evaluate the penetration probability. The half-lives of proton decay are compared to those of other decay modes. The decay chains of [Formula: see text]Dy are predicted. The detailed investigations of [Formula: see text]Dy show proton radioactivity when [Formula: see text]Tb is converted to [Formula: see text]Gd with the half-life of order of nanoseconds. Further, these identified proton emitters may find to be useful in the field of diagnosis and radiotherapy.
Igusa–Todorov algebras over Morita rings
Authors: Ma Yajun , Ding Nanqing
Published: April 2022

Let [Formula: see text] be a Morita ring which is an Artin algebra and has zero bimodule homomorphisms. Assume that [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are projective modules. For any positive integer [Formula: see text], it is proved that [Formula: see text] is [Formula: see text]-Igusa–Todorov (respectively, [Formula: see text]-syzygy-finite) if and only if [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are [Formula: see text]-Igusa–Todorov (respectively, [Formula: see text]-syzygy-finite).
Characterizations of finite groups with σ-semiembedded subgroups
Authors: Cao Chenchen , Guo Wenbin
Published: April 2022

Let [Formula: see text] be a partition of the set of all primes [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] a finite group and [Formula: see text]. A set [Formula: see text] of subgroups of [Formula: see text] is said to be a complete Hall[Formula: see text]-set of [Formula: see text] if every non-identity member of [Formula: see text] is a Hall [Formula: see text]-subgroup of [Formula: see text] for some [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] contains exactly one Hall [Formula: see text]-subgroup of [Formula: see text] for every [Formula: see text]. A subgroup [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] is said to be: [Formula: see text]-permutable in [Formula: see text] if [Formula: see text] has a complete Hall [Formula: see text]-set [Formula: see text] such that [Formula: see text] for all [Formula: see text] and all [Formula: see text]; [Formula: see text]-semipermutable in [Formula: see text] if [Formula: see text] has a complete Hall [Formula: see text]-set [Formula: see text] such that [Formula: see text] for all [Formula: see text] and all [Formula: see text]-group [Formula: see text] with [Formula: see text]. We say that [Formula: see text] is [Formula: see text]-semiembedded in [Formula: see text] if there exists a [Formula: see text]-permutable subgroup [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] such that [Formula: see text] is a [Formula: see text]-permutable subgroup of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] denotes the subgroup of [Formula: see text] which is generated by all [Formula: see text]-semipermutable subgroups of [Formula: see text] contained in [Formula: see text]. In this paper, we study the influence of [Formula: see text]-semiembedded subgroups on the structure of finite groups. Some known results are generalized and unified.
Products of F∗(G)-subnormal subgroups of finite groups
Authors: Murashka Viachaslau I.
Published: April 2022

A subgroup [Formula: see text] of a group [Formula: see text] is called [Formula: see text]-subnormal if it is subnormal in the product with the generalized Fitting subgroup [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text]. All saturated formations [Formula: see text] that contain every group [Formula: see text] where [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are [Formula: see text]-subnormal [Formula: see text]-subgroups are described. Moreover, if such formation [Formula: see text] is also normally hereditary, then every group [Formula: see text] where [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are [Formula: see text]-subnormal quasi-[Formula: see text]-subgroups is a quasi-[Formula: see text]-group. The connection of above-mentioned formations to the lattice formations, GWP-formations and formations with the Kegel property is found.