bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the chemical composition of aquatic environments with leaf litter decomposition of Eucalyptus urophylla S.T. Blake (Myrtaceae) and their toxicity in Allium cepa L. (Amaryllidaceae)
Authors: Guerino Ritielly Maria Guimarães , Silva Junilson Augusto , Pires Débora de Jesus , Souza Rafael Aparecido Carvalho , Sousa Raquel Maria Ferreira , Oliveira Alberto , Morais Isa Lucia
Published: November 2021

Allelochemicals from eucalyptus released into the environment, mainly by leaves, can have a toxic effect on local biota, including in aquatic environments. Therefore, the present study evaluates the toxic activity of the water containing leaves of Eucalyptus urophylla S.T. Blake (Myrtaceae) in decomposition using Allium cepa L. (Amaryllidaceae) as a test organism. The toxicity and the cytotoxicity evaluation were performed using onion bulbs (A. cepa). The toxicity was assessed by inhibiting root growth. The cytotoxicity was evaluated by using a comparison of the mitotic index (MI) and the negative control. The extraction of eucalyptus metabolites from water of the decomposition tests and creek water was performed by solid-phase microextraction (SPME). The chemical characterization was done by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). There was inhibition of the root growth of A. cepa, indicating toxicity of the compounds released in the water during the decomposition. The cytotoxicity tests did not indicate a toxic effect. However, there were identified some mutations, cell death, and morphological changes in the roots. 26 compounds were identified on samples of water acquired from decomposition tests.Fenchone, 2-ethyl-1-hexanol, cis-dihydrocarvone, and trans-dihydrocarvone were identified in all samples. The results highlight the importance of studies and monitoring of aquatic environments near eucalyptus.
Highly sensitive HBsAg, anti-HBc and anti HBsAg titres in Early Diagnosis of HBV Reactivation in Anti-HBc-Positive onco-haematological Patients.
Authors: Cerva Carlotta , Salpini Romina , Alkhatib Mohammad , Malagnino Vincenzo , Piermatteo Lorenzo , Battisti Arianna , Bertoli Ada , Gersch Jeff , Holzmayer Vera , Kuhns Mary , Cloherty Gavin , Ferrari Ludovica , Laura Campogiani , Teti Elisabetta , Cantonetti Maria , Arcese William , Ceccherini-Silberstein Francesca , Perno Carlo-Federico , Andreoni Massimo , Svicher Valentina , Sarmati Loredana
Published: November 2021

The role of novel HBV markers in predicting Hepatitis B virus reactivation (HBV-R) in HBsAg-negative/anti-HBc-positive oncohaematological patients was examined. One hundred and seven HBsAg-negative/anti-HBc-positive oncohaematological patients, receiving anti-HBV prophylaxis for > 18 months were included. At baseline, all patients had undetectable HBV DNA, and 67.3% were anti-HBs positive. HBV-R occurred in 17 (15.9%) patients: 6 during and 11 after the prophylaxis period. At HBV-R, the median (IQR) HBV-DNA was 44 (27–40509) IU/ml, and the alanine aminotransferase upper limit of normal (ULN) was 44% (median [IQR]: 81[49–541] U/L). An anti-HBc>3 cut-off index (COI) plus anti-HBs persistently/declining to <50 mIU/ml was predictive for HBV-R (OR [95% CI]: 9.1 [2.7–30.2]; 63% of patients with vs. 15% without this combination experienced HBV-R, P<0.001). The detection of highly sensitive (HS) HBsAg and/or HBV-DNA confirmed at > 2 time points, also predicts HBV-R (OR [95% CI ]: 13.8 [3.6–52.6]; 50% of positive vs. 7% of negative patients to these markers experienced HBV-R, P=0.001).HS-HBs and anti-HBc titration proved useful early markers of HBV-R.The use of these markers demonstrated that HBV-R frequently occurs in oncohaematological patients with signs of resolved HBV infection, raising issues of proper HBV-R monitoring.
Characterizing the Phytotoxic Effects of Hydrogen Peroxide Root Dips on Hybrid Phalaenopsis Orchid Plants
Authors: Goossen Renata , Williams Kimberly A.
Published: November 2021

Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a well-known oxidizing agent often used as a remedy by consumers to treat algae and root decay from presumed root disease on interior plants, as well as to encourage root growth and health. To characterize the phytotoxic effects and define the safe concentration threshold for H2O2 use on ‘Vivaldi’ hybrid phalaenopsis orchid (hybrid Phalaenopsis), root systems were dipped for 3 minutes in 0%, 3%, 6%, or 12% H2O2 one time and observed in greenhouse conditions for the following 27 days. Root systems of each plant were assessed over time for percent visible root damage; ratings of root health on a scale of 1 to 5 points, with 5 points indicating “very healthy”; and final fresh and dry weights. To determine when symptoms manifested above the root zone, foliage and flower damage was evaluated over time by assessing percent visible foliage damage, ratings of foliage health, percent foliar wilt, flower/bud count, and final foliage and flower fresh and dry weights. Over the evaluation period, the root health rating of the ‘Vivaldi’ hybrid phalaenopsis orchids treated with 12% H2O2 decreased from 5 to 1.13, whereas those treated with 3% H2O2 only decreased from 5 to 4.13. H2O2 concentrations of 6% and 12% damaged root health permanently, whereas the 3% H2O2 concentration only caused minor damage to overall root health. However, algae were not killed at the 3% rate. Neither foliage nor flowers were seriously affected during the 3 weeks after application, but foliage wilt did result in the 6% and 12% treatments by week 4. As H2O2 concentration increased, fresh weights decreased in roots and leaves. Although a single 3% H2O2 root dip did not result in severe symptoms of phytotoxicity, the treatment’s long-term plant health effects are unknown. Because the 3% H2O2 root dip caused minor plant health setbacks and failed to subdue algae populations in the root zone, consumers should be wary of using H2O2 to improve orchid (Orchidaceae) root health and should instead focus on altering care and watering practices.
Transcriptome-wide Identification and Characterization of microRNAs and Their Targets in a Highly Adaptable Conifer Platycladus orientalis
Authors: Yang Ying , Hu Xian-Ge , Zheng Bingsong , Li Yue , Wang Tongli , Sharma Anket , Yuan Huwei , Mao Jian-Feng
Published: November 2021

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short noncoding RNAs (20–25 nucleotides) that regulate gene expression posttranscriptionally. However, identification and characterization of miRNAs remain limited for conifer species. In this study, we applied transcriptome-wide miRNAs sequencing to a conifer species Platycladus orientalis, which is highly adaptable to a wide range of environmental adversities, including drought, barren soil, and mild salinity. A total of 17,181,542 raw reads were obtained from the Illumina sequencing platform; 31 conserved and 91 novel miRNAs were identified, and their unique characteristics were further analyzed. Ten randomly selected miRNAs were validated by quantificational real-time polymerase chain reaction. Through miRNA target predictions based on psRNATarget, 2331 unique mRNAs were predicted to be targets of P. orientalis miRNAs that involved in 187 metabolic pathways in KEGG database. These targets included not only important transcription factors (e.g., class III homeodomain leucine zipper targeted by por-miR166d) but also indispensable nontranscriptional factor proteins (i.e., por-miR482a-3p regulated nucleotide-binding site leucine-rich repeat protein). Interestingly, six miRNAs (por-miR16, -miR44, -miR60-5p, -miR69–3p, -miR166b-5p, and -miR395c) were found in adaptation-related pathways (e.g., drought), indicating their possible involved in this species’ stress-tolerance characteristics. The present study provided essential information for understanding the regulatory role of miRNAs in P. orientalis and sheds light on their possible use in tree improvement for stress tolerance.
Análisis del proceso de la compra impulsiva de paquetes de viajes turísticos en México
Authors: Cavazos-Arroyo Judith
Published: November 2021

Introducción: México cuenta con una fuerte vocación turística. La compra de paquetes de viajes turísticos entre los mexicanos se ha incrementado debido a su acceso, variedad de precios y posibilidad de adquisición. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar algunos antecedentes y efectos asociados al comportamiento de la compra impulsiva de paquetes de viajes en México, durante un evento especial denominado El Buen Fin, el cual se lleva a cabo anualmente, y que funciona a través de incentivos promocionales, con el objeto de estimular el consumo.
Método: se realizó una investigación cuantitativa, explicativa y transversal. Se aplicó una encuesta electrónica y un muestreo por conveniencia en 256 compradores de paquetes de viajes turísticos durante el Buen Fin 2019. Para el análisis se utilizó la técnica de modelación de ecuaciones estructurales con PLS.
Resultados: se encontró que la tendencia a la compra impulsiva influye positivamente en el comportamiento de la compra de impulso, aunque negativamente en la satisfacción con la compra; también, la percepción del evento influye positivamente en el comportamiento de compra impulsiva y es la variable que más afecta positivamente a la satisfacción postcompra del cliente; sin embargo, el comportamiento de compra impulsiva no demostró un efecto sobre la satisfacción.
Discusión o conclusión: la presencia de tendencia a la compra impulsiva en los consumidores influye negativamente en la satisfacción postcompra y, el comportamiento de compra impulsiva de paquetes de viaje durante en BF no influye sobre la satisfacción. Sin embargo, la percepción del BF afecta el comportamiento de compra impulsiva y la satisfacción postcompra. Dado que la satisfacción es un elemento clave para obtener la lealtad y la intención de recompra; estimular las compras impulsivas durante el BF podría no ser una herramienta significativa de comercialización.
Hacia el envejecimiento activo y saludable: una experiencia de cine-debate en jubilados
Authors: Aguilera-Velasco María de los Ángeles , Acosta-Fernández Martín , Pozos-Radillo Blanca Elizabeth , Franco-Chávez Sergio Adalberto
Published: November 2021

Introducción: Ante el potencial del cine para formar hacia el envejecimiento activo y saludable, sumado a las amplias recomendaciones fílmicas existentes donde los protagonistas son precisamente adultos mayores en proceso de jubilación y vejez, se trazaron los objetivos de analizar la experiencia de cine-debate sobre el envejecimiento saludable y el envejecimiento activo y sus determinantes, en personas jubiladas agremiadas, y determinar las aportaciones de cada filme durante el proceso de visualización.

Método: Estudio con enfoque cualitativo y diseño preexperimental descriptivo transversal exploratorio, a través de una intervención socioeducativa de cine-debate, durante un periodo de siete meses previos a la pandemia por Covid-19. Participaron 19 personas. Para la recolección de los datos se utilizó la técnica de grupo focal grabado en audio. Los datos obtenidos se analizaron bajo el fundamento de la fenomenología. Las sesiones de cine-debate se realizaron en la casa de día para jubilados. El programa de intervención se conformó con 25 películas.

Resultados: Dentro del envejecimiento saludable, los participantes analizaron el fomento y el mantenimiento de su capacidad funcional y su interacción consigo mismos, con su pareja, con sus hijos, con la sociedad y con sus entornos. Sobre el envejecimiento activo, lograron visualizar sus oportunidades de salud, de participación y seguridad. Expresaron su sabiduría de vida, para enfrentar su jubilación y para vivir con amor. Debatieron sobre sus lazos familiares y comunitarios, así como el empoderamiento, la independencia, la autonomía, la dignidad y el autodesarrollo. Identificaron los determinantes físicos, sociales, económicos, personales (psicológicos y biológicos) y del estilo de vida que influyen en el envejecimiento activo. Se hallaron también las aportaciones particulares de todas las películas para cada parte del proceso educativo.

Conclusión: Todos los filmes del ciclo de cine-debate fueron indispensables para lograr la experiencia compartida sobre el envejecimiento saludable y el envejecimiento activo y sus determinantes. Se propone hacer nuevas investigaciones con películas cuyos protagonistas sean igualmente que en este estudio adultos mayores, pero que los filmes sean de reciente producción.
Studying the effect of design parameters on riverbank filtration performance for drinking water supply in Egypt: a case study
Authors: Mamdouh Heba , Abdel Wahaab Rifaat , Khalifa Abdelkawi , Elalfy Ezzat
Published: November 2021

Riverbank filtration (RBF) is an affordable technique to provide drinking water with adequate quality. The ultimate objective of this study is to facilitate the transferability and application of this sustainable technique in Egypt. In this work, a numerical model was constructed using Groundwater Modeling System (GMS) to study the effect of four design parameters on the RBF performance parameters (i.e., river filtrate portion and travel time) with the aid of MODPATH and ZONEBUDGET. The design parameters were: (1) the pumping rates of the RBF wells, (2) number of operating wells, (3) distance between wells and the river, and (4) the spacing between wells. This study was focused on the hydraulic aspects of the technique. The results demonstrated that: (1) the river filtrate portion exceeds 75% regardless of the design conditions, and (2) the hydraulic performance of the RBF technique is highly controlled by the production capacity of the wells and their positions relative to the surface water systems; the spacing between wells has a minimum effect. Two equations were developed to estimate the river filtrate portion and minimum travel time as functions of pumping rate and distance between the pumping well and the river.
ELABORACIÓN DE SNACK EXTRUIDO A PARTIR DE CEREALES Y CONCENTRADO DE PROTEÍNA DE POTA (Dosidicus gigas) Y DETERMINACIÓN DE SU VIDA ÚTIL
Authors: Espinoza C. Karina , Roldan A. David , Martínez O. Nancy
Published: November 2021

El objetivo fue obtener un snack extruido a partir de una mezcla de cereales (maíz, arroz, kiwicha) y concentrado de proteínas de pota (CPCG), que cumpla con los requerimientos de proteínas y aminoácidos para niños de 5 a 12 años. El flujo de proceso utilizado fue: recepción de la materia prima, molido, pesado y mezclado, acondicionado de la mezcla, extruido, enfriado, envasado en bolsa de polipropileno biorientado, sellado y almacenado. La mezcla base incluyó: 60,0% de maíz, 18,5% de arroz, 15,0% de kiwicha y 4,0% de CPCG. Asimismo, los parámetros adecuados para el proceso de extrusión fueron: humedad de la mezcla mínima de 12,6% y velocidad de tornillo de la extrusora de 150 RPM. El snack extruido presentó forma redonda con un diámetro promedio de 1,3 cm, color crema y ausencia de olor y sabor al recurso pota. El índice de expansión fue de 3,3 y la densidad aparente de 66,76 g/L. Su composición química fue: proteína 16,8%, humedad 5,35%, grasa 1,89%, fibra 1,05%, ceniza 2,01% y carbohidratos 72.91%. El snack extruido presentó valores microbiológicos conformes a lo exigido por la RM N°591-2008/MINSA. Se determinó que la vida útil, según pruebas aceleradas, fue de 15 semanas. Nutricionalmente el snack extruido puede ser destinado a la población infantil.
Abstraction of Minahasan folklore in food tradition
Authors: Pamantung Rina Palisuan , Mantau Mercy , Sahetapy Johan F. , Manangkot Verra E.
Published: November 2021

The main purpose of folklore is to convey present useful information and everyday life lessons in an easy way for the common people to understand. "The transmission process of folklore is still largely undocumented." Minahasan people still believe that Folklore become a philosophy in life. That philosophy never changes although time is changed until era 0.5. This research is entitled “Abstraction of Minahasan Folklore in Food”.   The problems are the form and meaning of abstraction of Minahasan folklore in food. The method used is a qualitative method through an ethnography at the level of descriptive synchronic linguistics. An ethnographic approach was applied in data collection so that the form and meaning of Minahasan traditional food are in line with the concept of people’s of Minahasa.  This research uses the Gastronomy linguistics approach and purposive sampling.  The theory of Syntax by Givon (1994) and theory of meaning by Leech (1981) are used to analyze the data.  The results showed that Minahasan Folklore consist of several titles are as follow:  I royor si koki’ ,Toar Lumimuut, Si Naa en Jaa,Tumideng (Tumileng), Lingkambene (padi yang melambai), Wuwun Sewe, Tjarema, Sisil an dumoro’ in tjinamualian in tama i Maesa tanu in  and Panagian.
Kapitan keling waqf land development
Authors: Ismail Che Zuina , Bakar Marina Abu , Ismail Sukriah , Ramli Noor Asyimah
Published: November 2021

Kapitan Keling waqf land, which was endowed in 1801, is located in the heart of Georgetown, Penang. The Kapitan Keling Mosque has been the focus of this development. At the initial stage, this waqf land was in the form of land assets then developed with several row units of shop houses that suited the concept and environment at the time. Furthermore, the management of this waqf land has been taken over by the Penang Islamic Religious Council (MAINPP) with its creation, a more planned development concept and strategy has been implemented. Throughout the development of Kapitan Keling waqf land, many challenges have been overcome. The permanence of Kapitan Keling waqf until today is a manifestation of his success in overcoming various challenges. However, current developments and development efforts undertaken at present lead to various new challenges. Therefore, this study aims to study and analyze the issues and challenges of Kapitan Keling waqf land development. This study uses a qualitative design. Data were collected through documents and interviews with informants at MAINPP. These data were then analyzed using a content analysis approach.
throwing modification sports game in improving mild mental disabled student gross motoric skills
Authors: Pelana Ramdan , Oktafiranda Nadya Dwi , Antoni Rizka , Yusmawati Yusmawati , Sujarwo Sujarwo
Published: November 2021

This study aims to improve gross motor skills by modifying the sport of throwing. Children of intellectual disability (ID) were given treatment with a modification of the game of throwing with the population of this study is mild mentally disabled students in special needs children school 01 South Jakarta, with sample selection using total sampling, where the sample was 14 boys of students and 6 girls of students. The method that is used in this research is quantitative descriptive with experiment and One Group Pretest–Posttest Design. The research was occurred by giving the preliminary test and continued with the treatment as the final test. The form of the initial test (pre-test) was a shooting test which was conducted with five times of shooting in 2 meters of distance expecting there is an increase of throwing from the pretest to the posttest. The data analysis technique used is by using the T-test. The data average result before the game modification or pretest is 2.35 and the results of the posttest obtained an average value of 3.30.
E-PAYMENT AT THE LOCAL GOVERNMENT LEVEL: A STUDY OF MAJLIS BANDARAYA SHAH ALAM AND MAJLIS DAERAH KAMPAR
Authors: Zahari Rustam Khairi , Raja Ariffin Raja Noriza , Zamin Nurhawani , Mohd Noor Noorzailawati
Published: November 2021

Information and Communication Technology (ICT) adoption through the implementation of electronic government (e-Government) helps improves local authorityâ€˜s service delivery for the benefit of the community. Many of the local authorities have adopted the online payment method for the assessment rate collection. Despite the notion that e-Government increased productivity and improved efficiency, citizenâ€˜s usage is still considered minimal and has been comparatively low especially in services involving transactional. This study investigates the factors influencing the usage of online payment method in local authorityâ€˜s assessment rate collection. Data for this study was collected through questionnaire, interview and document analysis. The findings showed that perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, perceived risk, payment receipt issuance and income level seem to influence userâ€˜s intention to adopt the online payment method.
CONCEPTUALISE TOURISM SUPPORT SYSTEM THROUGH WEB-BASED GIS FOR COLLABORATIVE TOURISM PLANNING
Authors: Masron Tarmiji , Marzuki Azizan , Mohamed Badaruddin , Mohd Ayob Norizawati
Published: November 2021

Web based GIS plays a bigrole in tourism, especially in public and management use. The popularity of Web based GIS is increasing dramatically as seen through the number of web GIS emerging over the years. Web based GIS allows professionals, organizations and the public to share and collaborate on information unhindered by geographic boundaries. The integration of GIS with the World Wide Web (WWW) brought a new paradigm of enhancing the collaborative planning effort among stakeholders. It also became a new medium of inviting public participation in planning and management processes by providing information in the form of maps and data for public access and paving the path for data sharing with agencies having the same interest. This paper aims to explore the concept of web based GIS and identify how it can be used towards enhancing collaborative planning and public participation among tourism stakeholders and communities. The Langkawi Island Web GIS is a website which provides tourism related information about Langkawi Island and allows for public participation as an information supplier.Â
ANALYSIS ON COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT IN CULTURAL ACTIVITIES: TRANSMISSION OF ETHNIC LANGUAGE
Authors: Abu Bakar Aisyah , Mohamed Osman Mariana , Bachok Syahriah , Ibrahim Mansor
Published: November 2021

This research reviews an analysis of Community Involvement in Cultural Activities specifically from the angle of transmission of Ethnic Language. Convention for the Safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritage (ICH) which has been adopted by UNESCO in October, 2003 has aimed to raise awareness at the local, national and international levels of the significance ICH, to ensure ICH is mutually respected by the communities concerned and to provide assistance for education and fund for the maintenance of this heritage. Survey Questionnaires have been recently conducted in one of the World Heritage Site, Melaka; to measure and determine the level of community involvement in cultural activities. The survey adopts five domains of ICH, Oral Tradition, Performing Arts, Knowledge, Social Practices and Traditional Craftsmanship in determining the involvement level of four cultured communities in their cultural enactments. These four communities are selected geographically. They are Morten Village Community, Portuguese Village Community, Heren and Jonker Streets Community and Gajah Berang Village Community. This paper acknowledges the significance, similarities and differences of the four cultured communities especially on transmission of ethnic languages with regards to community characters, specifically demographic and socioeconomic factors. Finally the analysis evaluates on the significance ethnic language transmission towards the overall cultural manifestations of the cultural communities.
THE ROLES OF URBAN HERITAGE IN DETERMINING THE IMAGE OF THE ROYAL TOWN OF SRI MENANTI, NEGERI SEMBILAN
Authors: Harun Nor Zalina , Fairuz Dg. Norhidayah , Nordin Nor Adilla
Published: November 2021

Malaysia has many towns of historic and cultural significance that are worthy of preservation for sustainable development. For instance, a royal town, which is a town where the old palaces and the royal administrative district are located. This paper aims to discover the significance of the urban heritage of a royal town so as to ensure its preservation. Special attention is paid to the identification of townscape elements in forming the image of the town and the roles of the townscape elements as built heritage of the royal town. A case study was carried out in Sri Menanti, Negeri Sembilan, which is one of the royal towns in Malaysia. The study methodology involves a historical map overlay, non-participant observation and semi-structured interviews. The findings reveal that Sri Menanti has played a significant role in the history and development of Negeri Sembilan. Additionally, the contribution of â€˜Adat Perpatihâ€™ to the nation's history as one of the unique administrative components helps to signify the importance of the townâ€™s local culture and urban heritage. The town also represents a number of townscape elements that are intertwined as urban heritage, with rich cultural and architectural significance. The paper concludes that diversity in the character of the town is unique and worthy of preservation.
COMMUNITY PERCEPTION OF MANAGEMENT GOALS IN MATOUSHAN NATIONAL NATURE RESERVE
Authors: Wu Chengzhao , Yang Tianren , Pei Pei , Chen Haisu
Published: November 2021

National nature reserve (NNR) is the important ecological baseline of the ecosystem security of the country. However, it is under the pressure of mass tourism, low participation of local community, and improper management. It is a matter of great urgency to determine strategies and tools in support of the balance between conservation and development of NNR. At present, the management system of NNR in China is a system where the country supervises and the local government manages. The perception of the NNRâ€™s management aim has direct influence on the management efficiency and protection effect. In this paper, the issue with Matoushan National Nature Reserve in Jiangxi Province has been analyzed as an example. Local residents and administratorsâ€™ attitudes and perceptions of the management goals of the NNR were measured from three aspects: (1) response to current policies practiced in the reserve; (2) degrees of perception of community co-management; (3) expectation for future development of the reserve. Based on the measurement of community attitude and intention toward four dimensions of ecotourism and assessment of the values and current threats to Matoushan NNR, five sustainable development strategies have been put forward which involve ecological conservation and recovery, local culture revitalization, industry and program planning, educational tourism planning, and periphery development and management. Seeing the resources inside the reserve areas as a natural, cultural, social and economic asset, ecotourism planning is holistic by integrating the goals of natural resources conservation and those of social and economic improvement in revitalizing and managing NNR.
THE RUKUN WARGA-BASED 3RS AND WASTE BANK AS SUSTAINABLE SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT STRATEGY
Authors: Towolioe Sherly , Permana Ariva Sugandi , A. Aziz Norsiah , Siong Ho Chin , Pampanga Dario G.
Published: November 2021

Communities store a potential power to support overall performance of urban solid waste management through various creative and innovative arrangements. In Indonesia, the Rukun Warga (RW) is the lowest hierarchy of community organizational system which can implement creative and innovative arrangements to support solid waste management activities with less financial requirement. This study observed RW-based activity on fifty RWs with 412 respondents in terms of 3Rs, household waste separation, waste recycling business and waste bank system undertaken by the community for the sake of cleanliness and income-earning. The result shows that the correlation between level of the activity of the RWs communities in undertaking 3Rs, recycling business and waste bank, and the perceived cleanliness by the community members was validated. It is also showed positive results such as improved urban environment and provided strong push-factor influencing the community members to join the movement and the activities towards sustainable solid waste management are not always cost-intensive activities but a socially bounded engagement would also workable.
MANGROVES DEGRADATION: A LOCAL PERSPECTIVE ON ITS AWARENESS
Authors: Abd Rahman Mazni Adibah , Asmawi M. Zainora
Published: November 2021

Mangroves in Malaysia reside on the coastlines, and the largest areas of mangrove are in the Northern Sabah. Over the past decades, mangrove species have been reported to be disappearing from the globe. It is due to several natural processes that have been inserted to fill the needs of the increased population. These include illegal logging, agriculture activities and urbanisation. In this regards, awareness of the local residents about the problem of mangrove depletion is important to inhibit the problem to prolong further.Therefore, this research was conducted to determine the degree of awareness of local residents on the importance of mangroves in managing environmental quality. Consequently, a questionnaire survey was conducted on 103 respondents to examine their awareness on the subject of mangrove degradation.The respondents were selected randomly among local residents of Kuala Selangor district.It is found that only twenty percent of the total number of respondents are totallyaware of the issue and acted upon it; either taking part in the endeavours made by the government as well as those with the non-governmental bodies or practicing mangroves replanting at their backyard.
RESEARCH FOR A COMPREHENSIVE AND ACTIVE PLANNING METHOD IN AN INDUSTRIAL-RESIDENTIAL MIXED AREAFOCUSED ON OTA CREATIVE TOWN VISION IN OTA WARD, TOKYO
Authors: Nohara Taku , Okamura Yu , Kawabara Susuma
Published: November 2021

Recently in Japan, the urban environment in industrial cities has been changing due to changes in the industrial, economical, and social structure. Ota Ward in Tokyo has small industrial districts, some of which are mixed-use areas. In the 1980â€™s there were 9,000 factories, but currently that number has been decreasing and although the factories still possess sophisticated skill-sets, their working environment is inadequate as it issurrounded by too many residential dwellings. In addition, it is too difficult to pass technical knowledge onto succeeding generations. In this research, we focus on a comprehensive and active planning method, specifically, on how to integrate manufacturing, community development, and city promotion so as to solve this kind of problem in mixed residential-industrial cities. Firstly, we investigated the local resources, which consisted of a small industrial network of a â€œmixed-usedâ€ status in Ota Ward that had access to an international airport. Secondly, we created a visionÂ  encompassing these three points: (1) Stock (property) management, (2) Supporting Creative Industry, and (3) City Promotion via Industrial Tourism.Currently two projects are in progress: One is the industrial tourism event, â€œOta Open Factoryâ€, which is a one day program where many restricted access small factories are opened to the public in the mixed-used industrial area; and the other is â€œCreative Town Lab. Tamagawaâ€, which is an active community space (usable for education, workshops, meetings, exhibitions, events) that has been converted from a vacant factory.With these projects, we are trying to realize the areaâ€™s potential through activities, recreating a more creative and active city culture and identity.
MONITORING THE PERFORMANCE OF STATE STRUCTURE PLAN IN DELIVERING OUTPUT USING DYNAMIC MODEL
Authors: Abdullah Muhammad Faris , Abdullah Alias , Zahari Rustam Khairi , Jaafar Samsuddin
Published: November 2021

Plan outputs are the material objects that are tangible and provided as a result of the implementation of a development plan. They often act as precursor to achieving plan outcomes. Therefore, it is important to monitor the performance of plan in delivering its outputs so that the prospect of achieving its outcomes remains high. However, present state structure plan monitoring programmes focus mostly on monitoring land use change and not plan output delivery. The absence of output monitoring reduces the usefulness of the programmes and contributes to under-provision of outputs, especially public facilities and open spaces. This study proposes that state structure plan monitoring programmes must include mechanism to monitor the performance of the plan in delivering plan outputs. To this end, a dynamic model for monitoring performance of state structure plan in delivering open spaces was developed using STELLA software and applied on the Selangor State Structure Plan. The model simulation showed that the Selangor State Structure Plan has performed poorly in delivering the open spaces where their provision has not conform to the planâ€™s targets. The model simulations also show that this nonconformances will remain by the end of the planâ€™s planning period.
DESIGN PROBLEM-SOLVING: UNDERSTANDING THE SIGNIFICANCE OF ITERATIVE-BEHAVIOUR IN DESIGN
Authors: Babangida Id Danfulani , Mohamed Khaidzir Khairul Anwar
Published: November 2021

Different concepts and definitions associate iterative-behaviour with repetition. This study consider iterative-behaviour simply means as the act that involve repetition of activities to improve the evolving design. The research further investigate the significance of designer iterative behaviour in design using sketching as the media for design interaction. The retrospective protocol analysisof the video data have identified and measure designer iterative behaviour in design, through a sketching and scoring sessions by five (5) final year undergraduate students and five (5) design tutors, all from the Department of Architecture, University of Technology Malaysia. The design and score were qualitatively and quantitatively compared using close group discussion and the Pearson correlation coefficient analysis. The result shows that in design problemsolving, designer iterative-behaviours were not statistically significant in determining the quality of design.
CONTENT ANALYSIS OF THE EXISTENCE OF BIOMIMICRY LIFES PRINCIPLES IN GREEN BUILDING INDEX MALAYSIA
Authors: Mohd Ariffin Noor Aziah , Farag Gad Salwa
Published: November 2021

Concerns about climate change and global warming have led many countries to initiate energy rating systems in the planning and development of the built environment. Although useful and novel, this paper contends that these ratings are only remedying and alleviating whatever negative impacts that development creates. Energy ratings are seemingly lacking in attempts to integrate and enhance the physical development of the natural environment. Instead, biomimicry is adiscipline that explores nature and tries to understand its bio-integration for the establishment of sustainable products, processes and systems. This paper postulates that with the integration of Biomimicry â€“ Lifeâ€™s Principles (BLP) into the Green Building Index (GBI) Malaysia, a higher level of environmental sustainability could be achieved. This paper attempted to explore the presenceand the extent of the presence of BLP in the existing GBI utilizing the content analysis method. This article concludes that although the presence of BLP in the GBI is high, the extent of the presence is low. The paper also recommends the areas of concern that could be improved within the GBI for a more effective rating system.
PUBLIC BUS LEVEL OF SERVICE PERFORMANCE IN PENINSULAR MALAYSIA: CORRELATION ANALYSES ON LEVEL OF SERVICE (LOS) AND PASSENGERS SATISFACTION LEVEL
Authors: Ponrahono Zakiah , Bachok Syahriah , Mohamed Osman Mariana , Ibrahim Mansor , Abdullah Muhammad Faris
Published: November 2021

This study explore the stage bus performance of 48 routes within selected urban and regional settlements in Peninsula Malaysia, using a quantitative traffic engineering measure known as Level of Service standards or LOS and validated through the evaluation of passengersâ€™ satisfaction level. The findings on the level of service (LOS) highlight the poor performance of the urban and rural bus service with the tolerable threshold below D. There are clear disparities on LOS and passenger satisfaction level between the urban and rural bus operation systems in terms of frequency, operation hour, bus speed, and passengersâ€™ load threshold.
TRANSLATION OF SOCIAL CITIZENSHIP TO ARCHITECTURE & BUILT ENVIRONMENT: A METHODOLOGICAL REVIEW
Authors: Ismail Mohd Noorizhar , Sapian Abdul Razak , Scriver Peter , Rashid Mizanur
Published: November 2021

Social Citizenship is a concept that is used to represent acceptance and identity by the local community. This is a manifestation expressed in the form of space, monument or buildings. Buildings such as mosques and other religious buildings are a form of manifestation to such expression left for other generations to see and study. This manifestation of citizenship through religious buildings can be an expression of struggle, establishment, sense of belonging and local acceptance towards achieving social citizenship. The understanding of this concept implicitly shows that these elements are the driving forces behind the architecture that is erected in order to find approval from the local population. This paper reviews the employed research designs, methods and procedures in the process of understanding the translation of social citizenship to architecture expressed by mosques. The methods adopted were aimed toward obtaining archival/historical evidence that can elicit proof of the concept. The methods also involved the process of inquiry that would be the basis for discussion and to draw a conclusion to the relationship between social citizenship and architecture. This paper also highlights the strengths and limitations of the methodological techniques besides spelling out the variables needed to prove the relationship.
HOUSING AFFORDABILITY IN THE STATE OF MELAKA
Authors: Mohamed Osman Mariana , Rabe Noor Suzilawati , Abdullah Muhammad Faris , Rosli Nur Farhanah , Zainudin Farah Eleena
Published: November 2021

Housing is a basic need to man. It provides shelter and comfort from the elements and improve quality of life of the residents. Hence, housing should be affordable to all. This paper assesses the housing affordability for the districts in Melaka. This was achieved by calculating the median multiple of the price income ratio and comparing the score to the housing affordability index. Secondary data were obtained from reports published by the governmental agencies. The results show that housing is mostly moderately unaffordable in the districts of Melaka. Additionally, housing affordability has improved from 2012 to 2014 in majority of the districts.
THE ESTABLISHMENT OF ISLAMIC DWELLING PRINCIPLES FOR THE MALAYSIAN COMMUNITIES
Authors: Wan Ismail Wan Norisma , Arabi Fadli , Mohd Husini Elina , Zolkifly Fatin Nur Sakinah , Md. Darus Zuhairuse , Abd. Jaafar Nor Haslina , Abd Manaf Azhani
Published: November 2021

Strong family ties built on the teachings of the Quran and Sunnah produce excellent foundation in forming a household which are constantly under the protection and blessing of Allah and in turn contribute to the overall health of a community. A dwelling filled with the remembrance of Allah will no doubt find an aura of peace and tranquillity. This is called a home, a place for a family to worship Allah, to relax body and mind, enjoy legitimate worldly delights, teach, learn and propagate the message of Islam. Therefore, provision and design of a dwelling should be considered important to make it a blessed home. This includes the provision of spaces for religious activities, daily basic chores of households, social production, reproduction hygiene needs, privacy and security. Cultural, religious and sustainable aspects of inhabitants should be considered in theplanning and design process of a dwelling in the Malaysian context. The Syariah sources have provided basis for its design to conform to Islamic criteria, thereby facilitating various ibadah activities for the inhabitants and users. A review of theory and philosophy of dwelling from Islamic perspective is analysed to justify the comprehensive living approach as promoted by Islam. This paper aims to review literature pertaining to housing principles in Islam and to present basic principles for developing housing criteria based on Islamic teachings.
MEASURING SOCIO-ECONOMIC INDICATORS FOR CLIMATIC ANALYSIS
Authors: Ibrahim Illyani
Published: November 2021

Socio-economic indicators are important indexes to measure the effect of human activities towards climate. This paper aims to study on the two main socioeconomic indicators for the urban area, namely population and GDP, to determine the relationship between these variables and climate condition. The State of Selangor, Malaysia was chosen as the study area as this state is among the highest GDP contributors to the country. Secondary data was used for this study by utilising datasets from Statistical Department and Department of Meteorology. The model derived shows that climate condition is moderately dependence of population and GDP. Further analysis can focus on more important socioeconomic variables which may contributed to the climate condition in the urban area.
RISE OF ECLECTICISM IN THE 21ST CENTURY MALAYSIAN MOSQUE ARCHITECTURE
Authors: Zekrgoo Amir Hossein
Published: November 2021

A stylistic survey of Malaysian mosque architecture shows four distinct trends: 1) Traditional style, which covers most of the mosques that were built before the countryâ€™s independence in 1957; 2) Colonial style that was influenced by Indian Mughal architecture, was followed partly after independence, and continued for a while after that; 3) Modern trend began with the National Mosque completed in 1965, and scattered mosques that were built after the National Mosque until the end of the 20th century; and 4) Mosques that were erected in the 21st century, which can be generally explained by the term â€˜eclecticâ€™ design. Eclecticism gained rapid momentum in the field of Malaysian mosque architecture since the dawn of the current century. Significant eclectic mosques that have transformed the scene and skylines of major Malaysian cities have often been heavily financed by the government â€“ an indication of conscious choice of direction. This paper aims at providing a categorisation of the process of evolution of contemporary mosque architecture in Malaysia, not based on independent stylistic tendencies, but under three major historical/thematic phases: 1) Independence and Departure from Tradition; 2) Middle Eastern Inspirations; and 3) Rise of eclecticism, with an emphasis on the last phase, i.e. rise of eclecticism in the 21st century. Masjid Wilayah, completed in August 2000, was chosen as a case study because it is the first major eclectic mosque born in the 21st century, incorporating some six established styles, and also the most comprehensive example.
ETHICS & VALUES IN CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY FROM ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Sami Fatma Al-Zahraa , Abdul Rahim Asiah
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this paper is to explore the principles of Islamic ethics to be applied in construction projects by establishing Islamic ethical practices to improve project performance. In an Islamic system, ethics and construction business are inextricably linked. This paper aims primarily to identify the ethics in general and from the Islamic perspective, and to identify the principles of Islamic ethics in construction projects. The methodology of was content analysis of peer-reviewed empirical studies published in academic journals. In addition, specialist texts to review the principles of Islamic ethics in construction projects in order to give an overview of main ethics theories. This paper will discuss the impact of Islamic ethics on performance jobs and project outcomes. Finally, this study also shows how construction companies could adapt the Islamic ethics and create Islamic ethical work climate in their projects and in society as well. In conclusion, implementation of the recommended solutions can minimize unethical acts in the construction projects.
PROMOTING SUSTAINABLE TRAVEL BEHAVIOR THROUGH TRANSPORT POLICY MEASURES
Authors: Nasrudin Na'asah , Abdullah Yusfida Ayu , Hoon Leh Oliver Ling
Published: November 2021

This paper examines how transport policy measures have influenced travel behaviour to promote sustainable transportation. Data were collected through a survey on 384 vehicle users to represent the 36 sections of Shah Alam, Selangor. This paper also studied the readiness of an urban population to reduce car usage. Maj ority of the respondents stated that the increase in petrol and toll prices would be the key factors to reduce car use, and more provision of public transport would encourage them to use public transport. However, Chi-square test showed that the willingness of the respondents to use public transport has a strong relationship with the frequency of driving a vehicle. The level of willingness to use public transport is lower when a car is used more frequently. Results also suggested that the majority of the respondents were not ready to consider cycling and walking as alternatives.
THE IMPACT OF GENTRIFICATION ON LOCAL URBAN HERITAGE IDENTITY IN OLD QUARTER, MELAKA HERITAGE CITY
Authors: Raja Othman Raja Norashekin
Published: November 2021

Gentrification represents a new trend of development towards the new forms of socio-spatial divisions of the city centre. It also restores the quality of urban development and life of the local community. However, there are various issues arising from this developmental process. These issues have been identified as the demand for physical development, economic worth and sociological evaluation of the community, which have an effect on the local identity of the study area. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to identify the impact of gentrification on the local urban heritage identity in the heritage city of Melaka. The study takes a quantitative research approach. This study also shows the positive and negative impacts to the local communities, and these effects may differ with other cities. The study evaluates the impact on the socio-culture and spatial structure in this area. Hence, recommendations of this paper place emphasis on the involvement of the local community in determining the direction of development. Apart from that, safeguarding the local intangible cultural heritage value in the urban development process should also be emphasised as it is intended to respect and protect the rights of the local community while creating a balanced development without compromising quality of cultural heritage assets of the historic city.
ASSESSMENT OF BUBBLES IN THE MALAYSIAN HOUSING MARKET
Authors: Ab. Majid Rohayu , Said Rosli , J.T.S Chong
Published: November 2021

Property cycle and housing bubble have been a noteworthy subject of discussion since decades ago. The economic and business cycles have been closely associated with the property cycle as the economic and business factors have certain definite effects on the property market. At some point of the property cycle, the housing bubble will occur. The housing bubble is a trend of unreasonable increase of house prices where the increase is supported by factors that are not economics related. It causes the house prices to be intolerable in terms of housing affordability and the bursting of this housing bubble would lead to the crash of the property market. This paper focuses on using the economic indicators to identify the phases of the residential property cycle in Malaysia from the year 2000 to 2012. Having done so, housing bubbles were analysed using ratio analysis for the year 2012. The results show that housing bubble is yet to become a significant threat to our national property market as it only affects certain areas and housing types.