bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of the Administration of Justice in Nigeria Under the Development of Digital Technologies
Authors: Aidonojie P. A. , Wakili S. A. , Ayuba D.
Published: December 2023

Objective: the traditional Nigerian judicial system has long been associated with a conservative approach and traditional methodologies of justice administration. As a developing country, Nigeria has benefited immensely from the advancement of digital technology, especially in the legal field. This is due to the fact that modern digital technologies are being rapidly adopted in Nigeria's judicial processes for effective justice administration. However, despite the promise of digital technology, there are legal and socioeconomic challenges in Nigeria that may affect its successful utilization in legal proceedings. This justifies the focus of the study - to identify the legal and socio-economic challenges of digitalization of court proceedings in Nigeria.

Methods: the study combines doctrinal and non-doctrinal approaches. The former ensures theoretical understanding of the conceptual issues and prospects of court proceedings virtualization. It also allows exploring, based on primary and secondary sources (laws, monographs, research articles and internet resources), the legal and socio-economic challenges of the use of digital technologies in court proceedings. The non-doctrinal approach consists in polling, describing and analyzing the results of a sociological survey. The survey was conducted among Nigeria residents to reveal their attitudes towards innovations in digitalization and virtualization of court proceedings as well as the challenges posed by these processes.

Results: the study revealed that the use of digital technologies in court proceedings in Nigeria has several prospects of ensuring effective justice administration and accurate recording and storage of information. Along with the benefits, challenges are shown that may reduce the effectiveness of court proceedings digitalization.

Scientific novelty: consists in investigating the use of digital technology in Nigerian court proceedings and identifying the prospects of improving the efficiency of justice administration in Nigeria under digitalization, as well as the challenges arising from this trend.

Practical significance: the study will enable stakeholders in the Nigerian legal sector to identify legal and socio-economic challenges that may adversely affect and render ineffective the use of digital technologies in legal proceedings. In addition, the article offers practical recommendations to address these challenges.
WITHDRAWN: Risk assessment of cigarette butts and microplastic pollution in a drinking and irrigation water basin of West Anatolia, Türkiye
Authors: ERTAŞ Alperen , GÖKÇE Burak , KIZILKAYA İnci TÜNEY
Published: December 2023

Cigarette butts (CBs) and Microplastics (MPs) have serious harmful effects on the environment and living organisms despite their small size. This research aims to investigate the abundance and pollution status of CBs and MPs in Tahtalı Dam Basin (West Anatolia, Türkiye). Main tributaries of the basin are Balaban Lake and Balaban Stream, which are the most important drinking and irrigation water resources of the basin. CBs and MPs sampling were made from the coastal sediment of Balaban Lake and riverbank of Balaban Stream. Clean Environment Index (CEI) and Cigarette Butt Pollution Index (CBPI) were used to determine pollution degree of the basin. MP particles were examined both visually and spectrophotometrically. While the total number of CBs were 1.478 items, the total number of MPs were 477 items/m2 in the basin. As a result of this study, MP particles weren’t found in Balaban Stream. Highest number of MP particles observed in 100–250 µm (45%) size class. The most abundant MP type and colour were, fragment (54%) and white (42%), respectively. Polyethylene terephthalate (50%) was the most abundant type of polymer according to the ATR- FTIR analysis. As a result of the CEI and CBPI, the upstream stations of the stream were classified as “clean” status, while downstream sampling points of the stream and Balaban Lake coasts were classified as “extremely dirty” status.
CUPiD: A cfDNA methylation-based tissue-of-origin classifier for Cancers of Unknown Primary
Authors: Rothwell Dominic , Conway Alicia-Marie , Pearce Simon , Clipson Alexandra , Hill Steven , Chemi Francesca , Slane-Tan Daniel , Ferdous Saba , Hoss A S Md Mukarram , Kamieniecka Katarzyna , White Daniel , Mitchell Claire , Kerr Alastair , Krebs Matthew , Brady Ged , Dive Caroline , Cook Natalie
Published: December 2023

Cancers of Unknown Primary (CUP) remains a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge due to biological heterogeneity and poor responses to standard chemotherapy. Predicting tissue-of-origin (TOO) molecularly could help refine this diagnosis, with tissue acquisition barriers mitigated via liquid biopsies. However, TOO liquid biopsies have yet to be explored in CUP cohorts. Using publicly available DNA methylation data, we developed a machine learning classifier termed CUPiD with accurate TOO predictions across 29 tumour classes. We tested CUPiD on 143 cfDNA samples from patients with 13 cancer types alongside 27 non-cancer controls, with overall sensitivity of 84.6% and TOO accuracy of 96.8%. In an additional cohort of 41 patients with CUP CUPiD predictions were made in 32/41 (78.0%) cases, with 88.5% of the predictions clinically consistent with a subsequent or suspected primary tumour diagnosis, when available (23/26 patients). Combining CUPiD with cfDNA mutation data demonstrated potential diagnosis re-classification and/or treatment change in this hard-to-treat cancer group.
All-suture anchor size and drill angle influence load to failure in a porcine model of subpectoral biceps tenodesis, a biomechanical study
Authors: Alt Prisca S. , Marx Christian , Braun Sepp
Published: December 2023

Background: Tenodesis of the long head of the biceps tendon is frequently performed in shoulder surgery, and all-suture anchors have become more popular as fixation methods. However, uncertainty still exists regarding the ultimate load to failure of all-suture anchors and the best insertion angle at a cortical humeral insertion point.
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the biomechanical characteristics of three types of all-suture anchors frequently used for biceps tenodesis. In addition, the influence of two different insertion angles was observed in a porcine humeri model.
Methods:The ultimate load to failure and failure mode of three types of all-suture anchors applicable for subpectoral biceps tenodesis were evaluated at 90° and 45° insertion angles in 12 fresh-frozen porcine humeri. The anchors were inserted equally alternated in a randomized manner at three different insertion sites along the bicipital groove, and the suture tapes were knotted around a rod for pullout testing. In total, 36 anchors were evaluated in a universal testing machine (Zwick & Roell).
Results: The 2.6 FiberTak shows higher ultimate loads to failure with a 90° insertion angle (944.0 N ± 169.7 N; 537.0 N ± 308.8 N) compared to the 1.9 FiberTak (677.8 N ± 57.7 N; 426.3 N ± 167.0 N, p-value: 0.0080) and 1.6 FiberTak (733.0 N ± 67.6 N; 450.0 N ± 155.8 N, p-value: 0.0018). All anchor types show significantly higher ultimate loads to failure and smaller standard deviations at the 90° insertion angle than at the 45° insertion angle. The major failure mode was anchor pullout. Only the 2.6 FiberTak anchors showed suture breakage as the major failure mode when placed with a 90° insertion angle.
Conclusions: All three all-suture anchors are suitable fixation methods for subpectoral biceps tenodesis. Regarding our data, we recommend 90° as the optimum insertion angle.
Clinical relevance: The influence of anchor size and insertion angle of an all-suture anchor should be known by the surgeon for optimizing ultimate loads to failure and for achieving a secure fixation.
Multiomic characterization, immunological and prognostic potential of SMAD3 in pan-cancer and validation in LIHC
Authors: Zhou Tao , Zhang Dandan , jin Jiejing , Xie Jinyang , Zhu Chao , Wan Rong
Published: December 2023

Background：SMAD3, a protein-coding gene, assumes a pivotal role within the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) signaling pathway. Notably, aberrant SMAD3 expression has been linked to various malignancies. Nevertheless, an extensive examination of the comprehensive pan-cancer impact on SMAD3's diagnostic, prognostic, and immunological predictive utility has yet to be undertaken.
Methods： Bioinformatics methods were employed to systematically investigate the potential carcinogenic impact of SMAD3. We extensively harnessed data from authoritative sources, including The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx), cBioPortal, Human Protein Atlas (HPA), UALCAN, and various other databases. Our study encompassed a comprehensive analysis of the following aspects: differential SMAD3 expression and its association with prognosis across diverse cancer types, gene mutations, immune cell infiltration, single-cell sequencing analysis, DNA methylation patterns, and drug sensitivity profiles. In vitro experiments were conducted with the primary objective of appraising both the expression profile and the precise functional attributes of SMAD3 within the milieu of Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma (LIHC).
Results：Our findings revealed significant variations in SMAD3 expression between cancerous and adjacent normal tissues. High levels of SMAD3 expression were consistently associated with unfavorable prognoses across multiple cancer types,. Additionally, our analysis of SMAD3 methylation patterns in human cancers unveiled a favorable prognosis linked to elevated DNA methylation levels in pan-cancer. Furthermore, we identified positive associations between SMAD3 expression and RNAm6A methylation-related genes in the majority of cancers. Moreover, SMAD3 expression displayed substantial correlations with immune cell infiltration. Notably, immune checkpoint genes exhibited significant associations with SMAD3 expression across diverse cancers. Single-cell sequencing results elucidated the pan-cancer single-cell expression landscape of SMAD3. Within specific cancer subtypes, SMAD3 expression exhibited a noteworthy positive association with distinctive facets of malignancy. Finally, in our comprehensive analysis of drug sensitivity, we discerned a catalog of prospective therapeutic agents.
Conclusions：In our comprehensive analysis across multiple cancer types, we observed a significant disparity in SMAD3 expression compared to normal tissues, and this These findings suggest that SMAD3 holds promise as both a prognostic biomarker and a therapeutic target against various cancers. Difference displayed a noteworthy association with patient prognosis.
Enhancement of Oxidation of Dimethyl Ether Through Utilization of SnO2 for Immobilization of Pt Catalytic Nanoparticles
Authors: Meng Fan-Xu Meng , Xing Le-Hong , Hao Yun Gui , Shi Xin Ting , Wang Yi Xin , Zhu Zi Rui
Published: December 2023

Pt/C+SnO2 nanoparticles catalysts with SnO2 and Vulcan XC-72 carbon black as the mixed support were synthesized by facile and effective ethylene glycol reduction methods, the effect of SnO2 with different contents on the performance of Pt/C+SnO2 catalysts in dimethyl ether electrooxidation and stability were investigated. The catalysts were physically characterized by energy dispersive analysis of X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray (EDAX), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) and transmission electron microscopy(TEM). The results showed that Pt nanoparticles had a small size distribution. Moreover, Pt nanoparticles and SnO2 units were dispersed uniformly on the surface of carbon support. The results of cyclic voltammetry(CV), chronoamperometry(CP), accelerated potential cycling tests (APCT) and electrochemical impedance spectra (EIS) exhibited that Pt/C+SnO2 catalysts have higher electrooxidation activity and stability than Pt/C catalyst. SnO2 can adsorb OHads species, the addition of SnO2 could be benefit to improve the adsorption of DME on Pt/C+SnO2 surface and reduce the Pt poisoning effect. When the SnO2 content in the catalyst attained as high as 20 wt.%, the catalyst shows the greatest activity and stability towards DME oxidation. The excess amount of SnO2 might give rise to the cover of the active sites of Pt surface, which obstructed the further dimethyl ether electrooxidation.
An evaluation of the Race Equality in public INVolvemENT for research (Reinvent) project
Authors: Moult Alice , Knight Natalie , Medina Nathan , Babatunde Opeyemi , Kingstone Tom , Duffy Helen , Fryer Kate , Canvin Krysia , Swaithes Laura , Brading Lucy , Bray Lucy , Russell Wanda , Dziedzic Krysia
Published: December 2023

Background
Young people from Black African, Asian and Caribbean heritage communities are less likely to be involved in Public Involvement (PI) activities than their Caucasian counterparts. The involvement of young people in PI is important as it allows them to contribute to decisions that could influence research and the healthcare provided to them. The Reinvent project aimed for academics to work with a community group, the Eloquent Praise & Empowerment Dance Company, to develop a community partnership with young people from Black African, Asian and Caribbean heritage communities. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the Reinvent project for key learnings on how to engage with young people from Black African, Asian and Caribbean heritage communities.
Methods
Reinvent developed a steering group which consisted of five young people, one academic, a Race Equality Ambassador and the Director of Eloquent. The steering group co-produced an agenda for two workshops and the evaluation tools used. The content of the workshops included drama exercises, discussions on physical and mental health, nutrition and school-life, short introductions to the concepts of research and PI, and group work to critique and improve a video currently used to promote PI in health research to young people. The evaluation tools included using the ‘Cube’ evaluation framework, video-blogging and collecting anonymous feedback.
Findings
Whilst the workshops were co-designed by the steering group, some of the planned activities changed on the day of each workshop in response to the young peoples’ agendas and preferences, highlighting the need for academics to remain flexible during such engagement activities. A recurring observation from the collective evaluation methods was the value of the workshops in increasing young peoples’ confidence in sharing their thoughts and opinions about health and PI.
Conclusion
Whilst Reinvent forms the basis of a new partnership, more work is needed to now build upon this so that young people can feel confident and supported to get involved in PI activities relating to research, and so researchers can continue to develop their skills in creative engagement activities.
Deaths in Children and Young People in England following SARS-CoV-2 infection during the first two years of the pandemic: a national study using linked mandatory child death reporting data
Authors: Luyt Karen , Odd David , Stoianova Sylvia , Williams Tom , Thursby-Pelham Anna , Ladhani Shamez , Oligbu Godwin , Fleming Peter
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND Identifying Children and Young People (CYP) at highest risk of death after COVID-19 remains critical in order to learn from the COVID-19 pandemic.OBJECTIVE The aim of this analysis was to describe the epidemiology, demographics and characteristics of CYP who died of SARS-CoV-2 infection in England during the first two years of the pandemic.METHODS The cohort investigated in this study is all CYP resident in England, born alive at, or after, 22 weeks of gestation, who died before their 18th birthday between Feb 2020 and Mar 2022. Population profile was obtained from the Office for National Statistics (ONS) 2021 census data. Deaths were linked to COVID-19 results, vaccination status and previous hospital attendances. All cases were reviewed to identify if SARS-CoV-2 likely, or possibly, contributed to death. Mortality rates with 95% confidence intervals were calculated, assuming a Poisson distribution, for the whole population, and split by demographics and patient characteristics.RESULTS 88 of the 6389 deaths of CYP were identified as deaths likely due to COVID-19. Of all the 6389 CYP who died, none of the 84 who had been fully vaccinated died of COVID-19. Overall mortality rate due to COVID-19 in CYP was estimated to be 3.59 (2.88–4.42) per 1,000,000 person years, being higher in the youngest (< 5 years; 4.68 (3.16–6.68) and oldest (16/17 years; 4.83 (2.57–8.26)) CYP. Asian and Black CYP had higher mortality than those from white backgrounds (p < 0.001), and mortality rate increased with increasing deprivation. The majority (72/88, 81.8%) of CYP who died of COVID had a documented Life Limiting Condition.CONCLUSIONS COVID-19 was responsible for 1.4% of all deaths of CYP between 2020 and 2022. However mortality rates were highest in the youngest children. Despite social changes, and shielding of vulnerable CYP, children with underlying, and life limiting (but not necessarily life-threatening) conditions, appeared to have the highest mortality rates, similar to that seen in adults with comparable underlying conditions. The risk of death in England’s more deprived neighbourhoods, and in those from Asian and Black ethnic backgrounds appears substantially higher than their peers and was not explained by their other demographic characteristics.
DIDACTIC POTENTIAL OF AUDIOVISUAL MATERIALS IN TRANSLATORS’ TRAINING
Authors: Yehorova Olesia , Prokopenko Antonina , Martynenko Serhii
Published: December 2023

The article reveals the didactic potential of authentic audiovisual materials in the context of translators’ training based on the works of the bands Rammstein and Till Lindemann. The use of the biblio-semantic method made it possible to study and generalize theoretical experience on didactic issues, in particular, songwriting. Thus, the article analyses approaches to the definition of the concept of "didacticization", suggests the own one and determines the guiding principles of didacticization of audiovisual materials in the context of professional training of linguists and translators based on the formed corpus of illustrative research material. Attention is focused on the argumentation of the ways of using the songs of the bands Rammstein and Till Lindemann for the development of various types of speech activity. In particular, it was found that in the context of the professional training of linguists and translators, the relevant criteria should be the following: a clear potential for didactic training in order to develop key competencies, correlation with the curriculum (studied topics), compliance with the age expectations and language level of the recipients. Didacticization of audiovisual material involves training in basic types of speech activity, i.e., listening, reading, oral and written speech. The set of exercises presented in the survey performs an intensification or consolidation function and focuses on practising skills for a certain type of speech activity.
Symbolism as a Means of Creating Uncertainty in Salman Rushdi’s Novel «Midnight’s Children»
Authors: Chornokon Victoriia
Published: December 2023

The article deals with a role of symbolismin creation of the poetics of uncertainty as an important phenomenon of modern literature. It is noted that in a theoretical sense, symbol is a type of artistic image that is effectively used by writers for the purpose of forming a multi-meaningful content. In the proposed paper, the material for studying the specified effect is Salman Rushdi's novel «Midnight's Children», recognized as very representative of the postmodern paradigm. The purpose of the studio is to identify the means and methods of creating symbolic imagery in the novel, to establish itsartistic and aesthetic functions in the general context of the author's genre and poetic-style searches.The direct factor in expansion of complex symbolic imagery in the novel is an unreliable narration of the protagonist Saleem Sinai. His perception and interpretation of the historical reality is complicated by the physical and mental injuries he suffered and actual mental illness. The recent history of India in the novel has a grotesque-symbolic dimension, which is consistent with the multi-genre status of the work, in which signs of neo-mythological, post-colonial, post-modernist discourse are intertwined. The novel's protagonist conducts his story in such a way that the descriptions of historical events lose their one-dimensionality, acquire a symbolic meaning, become instable in their ambiguity and tend towards uncertainty.
The Concept of Death in British Worldview: Verbal and Textual Manifestations
Authors: Dzherikh Olena
Published: December 2023

Тhis article focuses on investigating DEATH as a concept in its verbal and textual manifestations to provide insights into its lexicographic and textual portrayals. The notion of death, being one of the fundamental aspects of human existence, belongs to the category of universal concepts that are of paramount importance in the linguistic domain of every society. The present study employs lexicographic sources and the British literature discourse of the 20th and 21st centuriesto analysethe definitions of the respective lexeme and its contextual usage.The results show that the core of DEATH is represented by the following semantic features:“end of all functions of life “,“a murder or killing,” “termination,” “destruction,”, “experience considered as terrible as death,” “a personification of death,” “a cause of death,” “loss or absence of spiritual life,” “massacre,” “a state of being dead”. The article explores how linguistic devices related to the concept of death are structured and employed in the British discourse. The concept of death is verbalized through a range of linguistic elements, including different parts of speech such as verbs, nouns, adjectives, as well as expressions and euphemisms.
Increasing Sustainable Performance Through Green Human Resource Management: The Role of Green Supply Chain Management and Corporate Social Responsibility
Authors: Nguyen Van It
Published: December 2023

In this research, the effect of green human resource management (green performance management and compensation, green hiring and training involvement, and green human health) on sustainable performance (economic performance, social performance, and environmental performance) is investigated, and the mediating effects of green supply chain management (external green supply chain management and internal green supply chain management) and corporate social responsibility (external corporate social responsibility and internal corporate social responsibility) are explored. The issue addressed in this study is that firms pay little attention to their products, which results in limited advantages for stakeholders. The study’s originality has revealed the factors and offered remedies and tested a model of the variables influencing food enterprises in Vietnam. A total of 01 representative leaders are selected using a straightforward random sampling procedure to perform the empirical testing study by gathering data from a sample in each firm. A total of 449 food enterprises around the country received online survey questionnaires, which allowed the inclusion of enterprises at various management levels. The data were analysed using structural equation modelling (SEM), the squared approach, and covariance-based structural equation modelling (CB-SEM; covariance-based SEM) via Amoss 22.0 software. According to the research findings, GHRM leads to long-lasting improvements in green supply chain management, corporate social responsibility, and products. When green human resource management positively affects products, green supply chain management positively affects goods, corporate social responsibility positively affects products, green supply chain management positively mediates the influence of green human resource management on products, and corporate social responsibility positively mediates the impact of green supply chain management on products’ sustainable performance effects. This study adds significant value to the current combination of green human resource management, green supply chain management, and corporate social responsibility since it is the first empirical study to examine the influence of green human resource management on goods through the mediating role of green supply chain management and the corporate social responsibility of food enterprises in Vietnam. This research responds to calls that have recently been made to look at the combined effect of both practices on triple bottom lines of sustainability performance. The limits of the current research, managerial implications, and potential future research areas were then reviewed.
The Interplay of Eco-Innovation and Market Uncertainty on Green Marketing Orientation and Business Performance
Authors: Shaukat Fatima , Zaman Hafiz Muhammad Fakhar , Nguyen Thi Thanh Nga , Souvanhxay Paovangsa
Published: December 2023

This study aims to contribute to the literature by investigating the impact of eco-innovation on business performance within the institutional theory framework and from a resource-based perspective. Specifically, this paper explores the influence of eco-innovation on business performance by adopting a green marketing orientation. This study builds a complete framework that establishes a connection between environmental innovation, market uncertainty, green market orientation, and corporate performance. The current investigation uses the conceptual underpinnings of the resource-based view (RBV) to evaluate the potential mitigating impact that a company’s eco-innovation attempts may have in the setting of unpredictable market dynamics. It is widely held that to develop a positive correlation between corporate performance and eco-innovation, it is vital to possess a comprehensive understanding of the environment. In contrast to several other industries, the pharmaceutical sector has the capacity to address environmental concerns through the implementation of unique solutions tailored to its specific context, namely, its services. This article addresses the moderating influence of market uncertainty and analyses eco-innovations as a reaction to their green marketing-oriented holistic approach to achieving competitive advantages and business performance. It examines eco-innovations as a reaction to their green marketing orientation and holistic approach to achieving competitive advantages and business performance. The integration of institutional theory and green marketing theory is also included, as is an examination of the moderating effect of market uncertainty. According to a survey of Pakistan’s pharmaceutical business, the empirical findings reveal that a competitive environment strongly urges the industry to adopt a holistic green strategy. Eco-innovation serves as a mediator between green marketing orientation and business performance and directly impacts business performance. The findings will assist management and corporate leaders in their decision-making process on using eco-innovation to achieve sustainability objectives. This study addresses the existing theoretical and empirical knowledge gap by providing insights that can assist corporate leaders in effectively leveraging and attaining improved outcomes by implementing holistic green marketing strategies. This approach aims to enhance their understanding of the mediating and moderating elements. Furthermore, market uncertainty mitigates the effect of eco-innovation on business performance while amplifying its contribution to the link between green marketing orientation and performance. Future research directions, ramifications, and consequences for eco-innovation studies in the Pakistani context are considered.
KOMPARASI CAPITAL ADEQUACY RATIO BANK MUAMALAT INDONESIA DENGAN BANK ISLAM MALAYSIA BERHAD PADA SAAT PANDEMI
Authors: Islamiah Cahyani , Gazani Hawa
Published: December 2023

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa Capital Adequancy Ratio pada masa pandemi covid-19 Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis risiko likuiditas pada masa pandemi Covid-19 di Bank Muamalat Indonesia dan Bank Islam Malaysia Berhad. Pendekatan penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantiatif, dengan metode komparasi. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder yang diperoleh dari laporan keuangan triwulan milik Bank Muamalat dan Bank Islam Malaysia Berhad tahun 2018 sampai 2021. Teknik analisis data menggunakan uji Normalitas dan Uji Two sample t test and CI yang diolah menggunakan software Minitab 16. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan rata-rata rasio CAR pada Bank Muamalat Indonesia sebelum dan semasa pandemi Covid-19. Sedangkan pada Bank Islam Malaysia Berhad terdapat perbedaan signifikan rata-rata rasio CAR sebelum dan semasa pandemi Covid-19.

Kata Kunci: Capital Adequacy Ratio; Pandemi Covid-19; Bank Muamalat Indonesia; Bank Islam Malaysia Berhad

 

Abstract: This study aims to analyze the Capital Adequacy Ratio during the covid-19 pandemic. This study aims to analyze liquidity risk during the Covid-19 pandemic at Bank Muamalat Indonesia and Bank Islam Malaysia Berhad. This research approach uses a quantitative approach, with a comparative method. The data used is secondary data obtained from the quarterly financial statements of Bank Muamalat and Bank Islam Malaysia Berhad from 2018 to 2021. The data analysis technique uses the Normality test and the Two sample t test and CI which is processed using Minitab 16 software. The results of the analysis show that there is no significant difference in the average CAR ratio at Bank Muamalat Indonesia before and during the Covid-19 pandemic. Meanwhile, at Islamic Bank Syariah Berhad, there are significant differences in the average CAR ratio before and during the Covid-19 pandemic.

Keywords: Capital Adequacy Ratio; Covid-19 Pandemic
PENGARUH INDEKS PEMBANGUNAN MANUSIA DAN KEMISKINAN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI DI WILAYAH KABUPATEN/KOTA DI PROVINSI SUMATERA UTARA TAHUN 2018-2022
Authors: Rosya Pane Veny Cynthiana , Yarham M.
Published: December 2023

Abstrak: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah guna mengetahui pengaruh dari tingkat kemiskinan dan indeks pembangunan manusia terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi di wilayah Sumatera Utara. Penelitian ini adalah bersifat deskriptif dan induktif. Dengan menggunakan data penel dengan mengolah data menggunakan aplikasi Eviews 9. Melaui pemilihan model data panel yaitu Uji Chow dan Uji Hausman. Selanjutnya, melakukan uji hipotetis data panel. Model yang dipilih adalah Common Effect didapatkan dalam Uji Chow. Maka didapatkan hasil bahwa Indeks Pembangunan Manusia dan Kemiskinan memiliki pengaruh negatif terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi di Kabupaten dan Kota di Provinsi Sumatera Utara Tahun 2018-2022.

Kata Kunci: Indeks Pembangunan Manusia; Kemiskinan; Pertumbuhan Ekonomi.

 

Abstract: The aim of this research is to determine the effect of the poverty level and human development index on economic growth in the North Sumatra region. This research is descriptive and inductive. By using panel data by processing the data using the Eviews 9 application. Through selecting panel data models, namely the Chow Test and the Hausman Test. Next, carry out a hypothetical panel data test. The model chosen is the Common Effect obtained in the Chow Test. So the results obtained were that the Human Development and Poverty Index had a negative influence on Economic Growth in Districts and Cities in North Sumatra Province in 2018-2022.

Keywords: Human Development Index; Poverty; Economic Growth.
PENINGKATAN KESEJAHTERAAN MUSTAHIQ MELALUI DISTRIBUSI ZAKAT PRODUKTIF PADA BAZNAS PROVINSI BENGKULU
Authors: Harjulianti Hesti , Asnaini Asnaini , Friyanti Yunida Een , Afrianty Nonie
Published: December 2023

Abstrak: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh distribusi zakat produktif terhadap kesejahteraan mustahiq zakat produktif BAZNAS Provinsi Bengkulu dan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh distribusi zakat produktif terhadap kesejahtraan mustahiq zakat produktif BAZNAS Provinsi Bengkulu. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian lapangan dengan menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif asosiatif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara dan kuesioner. Teknik sampling menggunakan sampling jenuh dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 99 orang yang merupakan mustahiq zakat produktif BAZNAS Provinsi Bengkulu. Teknik analisis data dengan pengujia kualitas data, uji asumsi dasar dan uji hipotesis. Berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh dari pengolahan dan analisis data dengan menggunakan regresi linier sederhana dengan alat bantu software SPSS, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa : Ada pengaruh distribusi zakat produktif terhadap kesejahteraan mustahiq zakat produktif BAZNAS Provinsi Bengkulu dengan nilai signifikansi variabel adalah 0,001 < 0,05 dan thitung > ttabel (7,734>1,6667). Besar pengaruh distribusi zakat produktif terhadap kesejahtraan mustahiq zakat produktif BAZNAS Provinsi Bengkulu yaitu 79% dalam mempengaruhi variabel dependen. Hal ini berarti terjadi hubungan yang sangat erat, sedangkan sisanya dipengaruhi oleh variabel-variabel lain yang tidak diteliti

Kata Kunci : Zakat Produktif; Kesejahteraan; Mustahiq

  

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of the distribution of productive zakat on the welfare of productive zakat mustahiq of BAZNAS Bengkulu Province and to find out how much influence the distribution of productive zakat has on the welfare of productive zakat mustahiq of BAZNAS Bengkulu Province. This type of research is field research using an associative quantitative approach. Data collection techniques using interviews and questionnaires. Data analysis techniques by testing data quality, testing basic assumptions and testing hypotheses. Based on the results obtained from data processing and analysis using simple linear regression with SPSS software tools, it can be concluded that: There is an effect of the distribution of productive zakat on the welfare of mustahiq productive zakat BAZNAS Bengkulu Province with a variable significance value of 0.001 <0.05 and tcount > ttable (7.734>1.6667). The influence of the distribution of productive zakat on the welfare of productive zakat mustahiq BAZNAS Bengkulu Province is 79% in influencing the dependent variable. This means that there is a very close relationship, while the rest is influenced by other variables not examined.

Keyword: Productive Zakat; Welfare; Mustahiq
ANALISIS TEKNIKAL SEBAGAI DASAR PENGAMBILAN KEPUTUSAN DALAM JUAL BELI SAHAM PADA JII-30 PERIODE 2020 – 2021
Authors: Apriliani Ika , Hidayati Amalia Nuril
Published: December 2023

Abstrak: Analisis teknikal merupakan analisis yang digunakan untuk memprediksi trend suatu harga saham melalui pergerakan grafik. Dimana analisis ini lebih menekankan pada pergerakan harga saham untuk menentukan estimasi keuntungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui indikator analisis teknikal mana yang paling optimal dalam menghasilkan sinyal jual dan sinyal beli untuk memperoleh keuntungan bagi perusahaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian komparatif. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa indikator MACD, Stochastic, RSI dan Bollinger bands memiliki perbedaan yang signifikan dalam menghasilkan sinyal beli dan jual. Dimana indikator optimal yang dihasilkan terjadi pada indikator MACD.

Kata Kunci: Analisis Teknikal; MACD; Stochastic; RSI; Bollinger Bands; Saham.

Abstract: Technical analysis is an analysis that has been developed rapidly and is widely used by investors and traders to determine the occurrence of sell signals and buy signals in obtaining future profits. Where this analysis places more emphasis on stock price movements to determine estimated profits. This study aims to determine which technical analysis indicators are the most optimal in generating sell signals and buy signals to gain profits for the company. This research uses a quantitative approach with a comparative research type. The results show that the indicators MACD, Stochastic, RSI and Bollinger bands have significant differences in generating buy and sell signals. Where is the optimal indicator generated on the MACD indicator.

Keywords: Technical Analysis; MACD;  Stochastic, RSI; Bollinger Bands; Stock.
Financing Moroccan SMES: Analysis of the influencing factors and the crucial role of the government guarantee scheme
Authors: Kamal Oussouadi , Kenza Cherkaoui
Published: December 2023

This study uses a quantitative approach to examine the determinants of SME financing in Morocco. The sample consists of 500 Moroccan SMEs that have submitted applications for bank finance, with their applications being assessed for a possible government credit guarantee. The sample includes companies that obtained state-guaranteed bank financing, those whose applications were rejected but that obtained other financing, and those that did not obtain financing, all evaluated in the year following the application. The analysis is based on nominal logistic regression to examine the interactions between different variables, including the amount of credit requested, profitability, debt level, repayment capacity, size, managerial shareholding, decision-making maturity, and the presence of a government credit guarantee. Following careful collection and analysis of the data, a number of results were drawn. In particular, it emerged that high profitability, solid repayment capacity, a minimum size requirement, an appropriate level of debt, high decision-making maturity and the presence of a government credit guarantee are significant factors that increase the likelihood of obtaining financing. On the other hand, the amount of credit requested and the manager’s shareholding did not show any significant impact on the probability of obtaining financing.
Breaking the Bias: Gender Fairness in LLMs Using Prompt Engineering and In-Context Learning
Authors:   HSS, IIT BHU, India, Dwivedi Satyam , Ghosh Sanjukta , Dwivedi Shivam
Published: December 2023

Large Language Models (LLMs) have been identified as carriers of societal biases, particularly in gender representation. This study introduces an innovative approach employing prompt engineering and in-context learning to rectify these biases in LLMs. Through our methodology, we effectively guide LLMs to generate more equitable content, emphasizing nuanced prompts and in-context feedback. Experimental results on openly available LLMs such as BARD, ChatGPT, and LLAMA2-Chat indicate a significant reduction in gender bias, particularly in traditionally problematic areas such as ‘Literature’. Our findings underscore the potential of prompt engineering and in-context learning as powerful tools in the quest for unbiased AI language models.
AI in the Higher Military Institutions: Challenges and Perspectives for Military Engineering Training
Authors:   Department of Engineering and Technical Support, Bohdan Khmelnytskyi National Academy of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine, Khmelnytskyi, Ukraine, Chmyr Viktor , Bhinder Nataliya ,   European Institute of Knowledge and Innovation, London, United Kingdom
Published: December 2023

Recognizing the peculiarities of the current system of military education and considering the necessity of rapid modernization of military engineering training, HMIs need to implement innovative technologies to enhance the educational process. The purpose was to present a detailed analysis of the implementation of AI technologies while training future military engineering officers, to outline the existing strategies, and to develop possible strategies to enhance the educational process through AI technologies. To achieve the research purpose, we conducted open and closed-ended surveys among 154 instructors through five questionnaires to address the research questions. The answers were studied using conventional content analysis and statistical data processing. The results revealed basic directions for using AI in military engineering training and possible AI applications for the formation of professional competencies among future military engineering officers. But, meanwhile, the findings indicate that the process of military engineering training is facing several challenges complicating the implementation of AI-driven transformations. To overcome the existing challenges of AI and elaborate the applicable recommendations for the implementation of AI in the HMIs, we outlined the strategies for the enhancement of military engineering training through AI technologies.
Modeling surface water potential using the SWAT model combined with principal component analysis in the ungauged Gelana watershed, Ethiopia
Authors: Daniel Habtamu
Published: December 2023

This study aims to model and assess surface water potential in an ungauged watershed using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT), principal component analysis (PCA), and regression-based regionalization techniques in the Gelana River, Ethiopia. The SWAT model was calibrated (and validated) for the 1989–2007 (2008–2015) period, and it showed a very good performance to model the river flow. The 18 physical catchment characteristics that affect the production of streamflow were selected for correlation, and to make an equation using 19 optimized SWAT model parameters. These characteristics were categorized as two climate descriptors, three soil descriptors, seven land use land cover descriptors, and six topographical descriptors. The regression equations for each SWAT parameter with a function of the physical characteristics and principal components were developed. Then, SWAT model-sensitive parameters were transferred and validated. Results reveal that the watershed has a greatest surface runoff volume of 162.14 MCM in May and a least runoff of 9.15 MCM in January. The contribution of the water balance during the spring season is highest with a total surface runoff of 103.72 mm. From the whole Gelana watershed area of 336,460 ha, 778.4 MCM of yearly surface runoff was produced. The maximum mean monthly river flow is 15.7 m3/s in May.
Severity scale of coronary microvascular obstruction (no-reflow) during percutaneous coronary interventions in myocardial infarction patients
Authors: Frolov A.A. , Pochinka I.G. , Frolov I.A. , Kuzmichev K.V. , Mukhin A.S. , Sharabrin E.G. , Sinyutin V.N.
Published: December 2023

Introduction: There is no scale that combines the traditional criteria of coronary microvascular obstruction (CMVO, no-reflow phenomenon) to effectively assess the severity and prognosis of this complication.Objective: To develop and evaluate the severity scale of CMVO during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for myocardial infarction (MI).Methods: The cohort study included 203 patients diagnosed with type 1 MI and CMVO during PCI. The CMVO criterion was TIMI flow grade (TFG) <3 points. Using the proposed "CMVO Severity Scale" (CMVO-SS), three groups of patients were identified. CMVO grade 1 (mild): TFG 2 points, Myocardial blush grade (MBG) 2–3 points, ST segment resolution after PCI (rST) >70%. CMVO grade 2 (moderate): TFG 2 points, MBG 0–1 points or rST <70%. CMVO grade 3 (severe): TFG 0-1 points.Results: Distribution of groups with CMVO of the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd grade is 65 (32%) / 88 (43%) / 50 (25%) patients, respectively. Outcomes by group: acute heart failure grade 3–4 — 2 (3%) / 11 (13%) / 14 (28%), P < .001; ejection fraction — 48 [44; 53] % / 46 [40; 50] % / 42 [39; 49] %, P = .004; in-hospital death — 1 (1.5%) / 12 (13.6%) / 16 (32.0%), P < .001; two-year death — 8 (12.3%) / 19 (21.6%) / 22 (44.0%), P < .001. The multivariate analysis revealed a two-year death odds ratio for the CMVO-SS of 2.40 [95% CI 1.23–5.17], P = .009. Two-year survival probability with CMVO-SS grade 1 was 87.7%, grade 2 — 78.4%, grade 3 — 56.0% (P < .001).Conclusion: The proposed CMVO severity scale is associated with adverse in-hospital outcomes and two-year mortality.
Received 15 May 2023. Revised 27 September 2023. Accepted 24 October 2023.
Funding: The study was supported by the "Priority 2030" program.
Conflict of interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Contribution of the authorsConception and study design: A.A. Frolov, E.G. Sharabrin, I.G. PochinkaData collection and analysis: A.A. Frolov, I.A. Frolov, K.V. KuzmichevStatistical analysis: A.A. Frolov, I.A. Frolov, K.V. KuzmichevDrafting the article: A.A. Frolov, I.G. Pochinka, I.A. FrolovCritical revision of the article: I.G. Pochinka, A.S. Mukhin, E.G. Sharabrin, V.N. SinyutinFinal approval of the version to be published: A.A. Frolov, I.G. Pochinka, I.A. Frolov, K.V. Kuzmichev, A.S. Mukhin, E.G. Sharabrin, V.N. Sinyutin
Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 in patients aged 1 month to 1 year with and without cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury in congenital heart disease surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass: a single-center retrospective study
Authors: Sergeev S.A. , Lomivorotov V.V. , Lomivorotov V.N. , Nepomniashchikh V.A.
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Acute kidney injury is a common complication of cardiac surgery after management of congenital heart defects. Cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury (CS-AKI) results in longer stays of patients in the intensive care unit and hospital. However, using an increase in postoperative creatinine as a means of detecting AKI has some limitations, since significant changes occur after the loss of more than 50% of renal function. In children, the creatinine level is influenced by various factors such as muscle mass, cardiac output, etc. These factors vary significantly among young children and complicate the early diagnosis of AKI. Recent studies have explored biomarkers as potential predictors for the early detection of CS-AKI after cardiac surgery for management of congenital heart disease in children.Objective: To evaluate the urinary tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP2) as a predictor of CS-AKI following management of congenital heart defects in children aged 1 month to 1 year who underwent cardiopulmonary bypass.Methods: A single-center retrospective study included patients aged 1 month to 1 year who underwent cardiopulmonary bypass for the correction of congenital heart defects. The groups were formed based on the presence of CS-AKI. The study group comprised of patients who had CS-AKI (group 1, n = 52), while those without CC-AKI constituted the control group (group 2, n = 98). To ensure minimal systematic errors and comparability between two groups, propensity score matching analysis was performed (52 patients in groups 1 and 2). Preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative parameters and characteristics were compared.Results: The results showed no differences in baseline or demographic characteristics between the patients. In the study group, 34.6% of patients were diagnosed with CS-AKI. Among them, 67.4% (n = 35) were stage 1, 28.8% (n = 15) were stage 2, and 3.8% (n = 2) were stage 3. The results of the regression analysis show a decrease by 24% and an increase by 9 and 16% in CS-AKI respectively, with an increase in creatinine levels by 1 µmol/l, at baseline and on days 3 and 4. Additionally, male patients have a 76% lower likelihood to develop CS-AKI. It was observed that there was no significant difference in the tissue inhibitor of metalloprotease-2 levels between the groups with and without CS-AKI.Conclusion: Urinary TIMP2 levels were found to be unable to predict the early onset of CS-AKI in congenital heart defect patients ages 1 month to 1 year who underwent cardiopulmonary bypass surgery.
Received 24 April 2023. Revised 27 November 2023. Accepted 28 November 2023.
Funding: The study did not have sponsorship.
Conflict of interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Contribution of the authors: The authors contributed equally to this article.