bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Scientific potential of the region as a key factor of socio-economic development (by the example of the Republic of Bashkortostan)
Authors:   Institute for Strategic Studies of the State Budgetary Scientific Institution «Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Bashkortostan», Mamleeva E. R. , Trofimova N. V. ,   Institute for Strategic Studies of the State Budgetary Scientific Institution «Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Bashkortostan», Bolotova L. V. ,   Institute for Strategic Studies of the State Budgetary Scientific Institution «Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Bashkortostan»
Published: August 2024

Introduction. In the modern world, science plays an important role in all spheres of human life. The development of the scientific sphere contributes to economic growth, and, as a result, improves the quality of life and increases the well-being of the population. Goal. Identification of the main trends in the functioning of the scientific sphere in the Republic of Bashkortostan. Materials and methods. The methodological basis of the research incorporates the following methods: induction, deduction, analysis, synthesis, comparison, systematization, generalization, graphic method. Each of the methods was used based on their functionality, which ensured the reliability of the conclusions and scientific statements. The methodological basis of the study was the use of various scientific and practical techniques and methods, which made it possible to conduct a detailed analysis of the main indicators of the scientific sphere of the Republic of Bashkortostan. Results and discussion. In the course of the work, the main characteristics of the functioning of the scientific sphere in the Republic of Bashkortostan were considered, and its problems were identified. Conclusion. The analysis made it possible to identify both positive and negative factors in the functioning of the scientific sphere in the Republic of Bashkortostan. The results obtained have practical significance and can be used by regional authorities in the development of state programs for scientific and technological development.
Pengaruh Proyek Trans Asean Gas Pipeline Terhadap Keamanan Serta Ketahanan Energi Indonesia
Authors: Rafif Hisyam
Published: August 2024

Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) adalah kawasan dengan pertumbuhan ekonomi yang dinamis dan peningkatan konsumsi energi yang signifikan. Untuk mengatasi kekhawatiran mengenai keamanan dan ketahanan energi, ASEAN membentuk Trans ASEAN Gas Pipeline (TAGP) yang bertujuan meningkatkan stabilitas dan kerjasama dalam penggunaan sumber daya energi gas alam. Proyek ini mencakup pembangunan jaringan pipa gas alam lintas negara sepanjang 4.400 kilometer. Hingga saat ini, 13 koneksi bilateral telah terealisasi dengan panjang total 3.673 kilometer. Artikel ini membahas dampak proyek TAGP terhadap ketahanan energi Indonesia, yang dianalisis melalui aspek ketersediaan, keterjangkauan, efisiensi energi, dan pengelolaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keterlibatan Indonesia dalam TAGP belum signifikan dalam meningkatkan ketersediaan dan pemanfaatan gas alam, serta tidak memenuhi kriteria keamanan energi yang optimal menurut Sovacool, kecuali pada aspek pengelolaan yang menunjukkan adanya penurunan emisi gas rumah kaca. Secara keseluruhan, proyek TAGP belum efektif dalam memperkuat ketahanan energi nasional Indonesia.
HARMONY OF WORDS AND IMAGES IN THE NOVEL
Authors:   Tashkent State University of Uzbek Language and Literature named after Alisher Navoi, 3rd year Foundation PhD student, majoring in Uzbek literature 10.00.02, Uzbekistan, kizi Ismonova Yorqinoy Abdumutalib
Published: August 2024

This article gives information about the artistic language of Abdulla Qodiri’s novel “Mehrobdan Chayon”, the skill of using words effectively and attractively in a unique way, and the combination of words and images in the novel.
WAR PRACTICES AND EXPERIENCES: ANALYSING THEIR EFFECTS ON THE ENVIRONMENT IN THE GULF COOPERATION COUNCIL (GCC) REGION
Authors:   Department of Finance, College of Business Administration Hotat Bani Tamim, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Aldawsari Salem Hamad
Published: August 2024

This study examines the extensive environmental impacts of war practices within the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) region, focusing on land degradation, water contamination, air pollution, and marine biodiversity loss. The analysis highlights the severe and lasting consequences of military conflicts on the region's ecosystems, natural resources, and public health. In particular, the study underscores the critical role of International Humanitarian Law (IHL) in mitigating these impacts by emphasizing the protection of the environment during armed conflicts. The findings reveal that significant land degradation in Iraq and Kuwait has led to reduced agricultural productivity, while water contamination in the Arabic Gulf and other key water bodies poses serious risks to human health and economic stability. Air pollution resulting from the burning of oil wells and other war-related activities has had profound health impacts, and marine pollution has resulted in substantial biodiversity loss, particularly in species such as the Green Turtle and coral reefs. The study also identifies several limitations, including variability in data availability and the need for enhanced long-term environmental monitoring. The implications for environmental governance are profound, as the study calls for stronger regional cooperation and the integration of environmental considerations into both military planning and post-conflict recovery efforts, in line with the principles of IHL. By prioritizing environmental sustainability in conflict prevention and resolution, the GCC region can mitigate future environmental impacts and ensure the long-term health of its ecosystems.
Dose Painting With the Gamma Knife Lightning Dose Optimizer: Technical Description and Validation of Dose Delivery
Authors: Barbour Andrew B. , Gates Evan , Ford Eric , Phillips Mark , Halasz Lia M.
Published: August 2024

Objective:

The recently introduced Gamma Knife (GK) Lightning (Elekta) fast inverse planning dose optimizer allows concurrent optimization of multiple targets, but the optimizer’s use for generating a simultaneous integrated boost (SIB) plan has not been described and validated for accuracy of dose delivery. Here, we describe a method for creating an SIB using the GK Lightning optimizer and conduct validation of dose delivery.

Materials and Methods:

Radiochromic film was positioned in an anthropomorphic phantom. A 15.7-cm3 irregular contour was drawn to represent a brain metastasis resection cavity, a uniform 2-mm radial-expansion contour created, and a 1.6-cm3 contour drawn representing a nodule of residual disease within the cavity. Targets were prescribed 3 Gy (2-mm expansion), 4 Gy (cavity), and 5 Gy (residual disease) in 1 fraction. Within the GammaPlan Lightning optimizer, “beam-on time” and “low-dose” settings were iteratively adjusted to create a clinically acceptable plan. Treatment was delivered using the GK Icon system. The film was scanned and calibrated for absolute dosimetry. Global gamma index analyses were performed at various dose and distance tolerances.

Results:

An 18-minute treatment plan with 40 shots was delivered. Prescription isodose lines were 3 Gy at 55% (2-mm expansion), 4 Gy at 69% (resection cavity), and 5 Gy at 75% (residual disease). All target volumes had greater than or equal to 99% prescription dose coverage and the maximum dose was 6.9 Gy. Paddick conformality indices were 0.79 (2-mm expansion), 0.74 (resection cavity), and 0.15 (residual disease). Gamma index pass rate, mean, and median values were 77%, 0.68, and 0.54 at 1%/1-mm tolerance, 85%, 0.58, and 0.49 at 2%/1-mm tolerance, and 97%, 0.34, and 0.28 at 2%/2-mm tolerance.

Conclusion:

We successfully created an SIB plan with the GK Lightning optimizer, verifying dose delivery within clinically acceptable tolerances. Future work is needed to determine optimal dose levels for use in clinical practice and determine what disease entities may benefit from an SIB.
DAMPAK PENGGUNAAN GADGET TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN ANAK USIA DINI
Authors: Nisaa Rofi'ud Darojatin
Published: August 2024

AbstrakTeknologi terus berkembang secara pesat dan sangat memberikan pengaruh terhadap kehidupan manusia. Perkembangan teknologi ini tidak hanya dirasakan dan dimanfaatkan oleh orang dewasa saja melainkan juga pada anak usia dini. Tidak jarang anak usia dini sudah mampu menggunakan gadget dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Anak usia dini yang sudah terbiasa menggunakan gadget cenderung kecanduan dan tidak bisa lepas dari gadgetnya. Gadget dapat menjadi media pembelajaran yang efektif dan praktis untuk meningkatkan kreativitas pada anak. Akan tetapi, mudahnya mengkases segala informasi dari berbagai penjuru dunia tidak hanya memiliki dampak positif melainkan juga dampak negatif bagi anak usia dini. Hal tersebut menimbulkan kekhawatiran pada orang tua. Oleh karena itu diperlukan pemahaman yang baik terhadap penggunaan gadget untuk mengantisipasi dampak negatif penggunaan gadget terhadap perkembangan anak usia dini.Kata Kunci : Dampak Gadget, Perkembangan Anak Usia Dini.
PERAN AYAH (FATHERING) DALAM PENGASUHAN
Authors: Wedhayanti Gitta Citra
Published: August 2024

AbstrakIndonesia merupakan salah satu negara yang dinobatkan sebagai fatherless country, negara tanpa keberadaan ayah secara psikologis karena minimnya peran ayah terhadap pendidikan keluarga. Hal ini dikarenakan banyak penduduknya masih menganut budaya patriarki, dimana peran laki-laki atau ayah adalah seorang pencari nafkah dan hanya bertanggung hawab untuk memenuhi kebutuhan ekonomi rumah tangga saja, sementara perempuan pada aspek domestik dan perkembangan anak sepenuhnya adalah tugas ibu. Selain itu, masih minimnya laki-laki mengetahui tentang peran dan manfaat keterlibatan seorang ayah dalam perkembangan seorang anak. Keterlibatan pengasuhan ayah bagi seorang anak memiliki manfaat yang sangat besar yaitu dari aspek perkembangan kognitif, perkembangan sosial emosi, perkembangan nilai agama dan moral. Keterlibatan ayah dalam pengasuhan juga memiliki manfaat bagi sang ayah itu sendiri, seperti ayah yang lebih matang secara sosial, merasa lebih puas dengan kehidupan mereka hingga memberikan pengaruh pada kestabilan perkawinan yang akan memunculkan perasaan bahagia meski perkawinan telah dijalani hingga puluhan tahun.Kata Kunci : Peran Ayah, Pengasuhan Anak
TAJEN DAN PELESTARIAN AYAM KAMPUNG
Authors: Kharisma Firdaus Tegar , Puger I Gusti Ngurah
Published: August 2024

AbstrakSampai saat ini, pada masyarakat Hindu di Bali dikenal konsep tajen. Tajen merupakan perang satha antara dua ayam jago yang memakai taji sampai salah satu dari ayam tersebut dinyatakan kalah atau sapih. Biasanya dalam tajen disertai dengan taruhan (toh) yang tidak ada batasannya. Tajen bila dikaji dari konsep rwa bhineda, yakni hal yang mengandung dua makna yang saling bertentangan, yakni makna negatif dan makna positif. Makna negatif dari tajen adalah dapat menyengsarakan keluarga yang menjadi pelaku tajen (kerap dikenal dengan bebotoh) dan termasuk perilaku himsa karma terhadap ayam jago yang sedang melakukan perang satha. Hal ini disebabkan oleh ayam yang kalah pasti akan mati, demikian juga ayam yang menang kadang-kadang karena terlalu banyak luka pada tubuhnya dapat mengalami kematian. Sedangkan makna positif dari tajen adalah para bebotoh akan mengabadikan karakter ayam jago yang memiliki sifat-sifat baik melalui proses perkawinan dengan ayam betina yang memiliki sifat-sifat yang baik juga. Bahkan dalam pemeliharaan keturunan ayam jago yang memiliki karakter yang baik menerapkan sistem pemeliharaan secara semi intensif atau intensif. Berpijak dari makna positif dari tajen inilah ayam kampung di Bali tidak mengalami kepunahan saat flu burung dan penyakit ND sedang mewabah.Kata kunci: Tajen, ayam kampung, dan rwa bhineda.
Tinjauan Yuridis Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 51 Tahun 2023 Tentang Pengupahan Ditinjau dari Asas Pembentukan Peraturan Perundang-Undangan yang Baik
Authors: Damiri Damiri
Published: August 2024

Peraturan pemerintah merupakan pelaksana peraturan hukum yang dibentuk oleh instansi pemerintah berdasarkan peralihan kewenangan pengaturan dari suatu undang-undang atau tatanan hukum yang lebih tinggi kepada tatanan yang sesuai untuk menjamin keteraturan yang lebih tinggi terhadap ketentuan undang-undang atau tatanan hukum tersebut. itu bisa tersirat. Oleh karena itu, dalam menyusun peraturan pemerintah harus dicantumkan tujuan undang-undang  dengan mewujudkan masyarakat Indonesia yang sejahtera, adil, dan makmur yang berdasarkan Pancasila dan UUD 1945. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui standar yang mengikat semua lembaga yang berwenang membentuk lembaga hukum dan untuk mengetahui konstitusi negara yang tidak berdasarkan asas hukum yang baik dan kesatuan spesies dan hierarki, untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normative. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa perubahan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 51 Tahun 2023 menjadi Peraturan Gaji Pemerintah Nomor 36 Tahun 2021 dibuat tidak dengan asas hukum yang baik sehingga menimbulkan kontroversi di masyarakat, sehingga  dibuat Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 51 dibuat pada tahun 2023 untuk membatalkan pengaturan terkait Pengupahan dalam Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 36 Tahun 2021.
Clasificación de Plantas Medicinales en Tiempo Real Mediante la Utilización de Inteligencia Artificial en Huertos del Cantón Camilo Ponce Enríquez
Authors: Salinas Matamoros Galo Fabian , Coronel Reyes Jose Julian , Rivera Intriago Leonor Margarita
Published: August 2024

Las plantas son esenciales para la vida humana. Ayudan a respirar, proporcionan alimentos, ropa, medicinas y combustible, y también protegen el medio ambiente. Este estudio, pretende clasificar plantas medicinales a partir de un banco de imágenes, haciendo uso del aprendizaje automático. Se dispuso de una base de datos de 1.513 plantas de 7 especies entre ellas Llantén (230), Toronjil (250), Stevia (222), Violeta (218), Dulcamara (245), Geranio (198) y Sábila (150) que contienen 7 variables morfológicas de forma. Para el análisis de estas variables, se crearon modelos de clasificación de Regresión Logística (RL), Máquina de Vectores de Apoyo (SVM), Árbol de decisión (AD) y k Vecino Más Cercano (k-NN) con validación cruzada de 5 veces y se compararon métricas de rendimiento. Se determinaron tasas generales de clasificación correcta en 95,55%; 93,12 %; 91,39% y 89,12% para RL, MSV, AD, y k-NN, respectivamente. El modelo de clasificación RL, que tiene los resultados de precisión más altos, ha clasificado de las plantas medicinales de llantén, toronjil, Stevia, Violeta, dulcamara, geranio y sábila con 96,63%; 93,85%; 91,14% y 88,36%, respectivamente. Con base en los valores de medición del rendimiento obtenido, es posible decir que el estudio logró el éxito en la clasificación de especies de plantas medicinales.
Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Ketepatan Identifikasi Pasien oleh Perawat di Rumah Sakit Umum Handayani Kota Bumi Lampung Utara
Authors: Marlita Afia , Karyus Aila , Setiaji Bambang , Pramudho Kodrat
Published: August 2024

Identifikasi pasien merupakan proses verifikasi identitas individu yang sangat penting untuk memastikan bahwa perawatan yang diberikan sesuai dengan kebutuhan dan kondisi mereka. Hingga saat ini, masih ada perawat tidak melakukan identifikasi pasien, yang umumnya akan mengakibatkan kesalahan pengobatan, infeksi, kesalahan diagnostic yang merugikan pasien. Jenis penelitian kuantitatif, desain cross sectional, populasi penelitian seluruh perawat sebanyak 153 perawat dengan sampel 122 perawat. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling, pengumpulan data menggunakan lembar google form. Analisis data menggunakan aplikasi statistik. Uji korelasi menggunakan chi square test,analisis multivariate dengan regresi logistic. Hasil analisis, diketahui ada hubungan pengetahuan (p-value 0.038), sikap perawat (p-value 0.025), motivasi perawat (p-value 0.010), sosialisasi (p-value 0.016), edukasi (p-value 0.042), budaya keselamatan (p-value 0.003) dengan ketepatan identifikasi pasien. Budaya keselamatan merupakan variabel dominan yang berhubungan dengan ketepatan identifikasi pasien di Rumah Sakit Umum Handayani (p-value 0.006 dan OR 7.206). Rekomendasi, pimpinan menyusun kebijakan dengan penguatan kemitraan dengan stakeholder dalam menerapkan budaya keselamatan, menerapkan sanksi bagi tenaga yang tidak menerapkan budaya keselamatan.
Rancang Bangun Alat Ukur Digital untuk Suhu Tubuh, Berat Badan dan Tinggi Badan Dengan Tampilan LCD dan Output Suara Berbasis Arduino Uno
Authors: Raihan Farandy Muhammad , Marno Marno , Sena Boni
Published: August 2024

More and more manually operated equipment is being replaced by automatic equipment due to rapid technological advances. Many equipment, especially devices for measuring body temperature, weight and height, are still operated manually. This is why this concept led to the creation of computerized body measurement devices equipped with LCDs and sound output. Measuring height, weight and body temperature is simpler. The ultrasonic sensor is used to measure height, the load cell sensor is used to measure weight, and the MLX 9016 component is used to detect body temperature in this research. Sensor components are used in measurements. LCD and speakers are used to display information data. Information about weight, height, body temperature and BMI is displayed on the LCD. The sound output is in the form of a speaker, producing sound in the form of BMI result data. The Arduino Uno functions as the brain of the device, allowing it to communicate with other sensor components. The average level of accuracy/success in measuring height is 98.74%, the average percentage of success in measuring body weight is 99.2%, and the percentage of success in measuring body temperature is 99.74%, in accordance with the test results and data collection on the tool This. After considering everything, it was confirmed that the design of the tool was functioning as it should.
Identifikasi Penguasaan Konsep Matematika Dalam Penyelesaian Soal Kesetimbangan Kimia
Authors: Filzah Nasyanovariani Dinda , Sahputra Rachmad , Rustam Rustam
Published: August 2024

This study aims to identify students' mastery of mathematical concepts in solving chemical equilibrium problems. The type of research used is descriptive qualitative research. The research subjects were students of Class XI IPA 2 SMA Muhammadiyah 1 Pontianak who had taken high school chemistry subjects in Class XI. Data collection was done through written tests, interviews, and documentation. The results showed that students had not fully mastered the mathematical concepts needed in solving chemical equilibrium problems. Some mathematical concepts that have not been well mastered include algebraic operations, equations, and graphs. Students' biggest difficulty is in converting the information given in the problem into a mathematical model. This finding indicates the need to strengthen students' understanding of mathematical concepts, especially those related to the concepts needed in studying chemical equilibrium. In addition, better integration between mathematics learning and chemistry learning is needed so that students can apply mathematical concepts more effectively in solving chemical problems.
Phytochemical, Antioxidant, Anti-Nociceptive and Anti-Inflammatory Studies of the Water and Methanol Extracts Obtained from the Leaves of Fagaropsis Angolensis (Engl.) H.M. Gardner (Rutaceae)
Authors: Onyancha Jared , Menge Denis , Mandela Elias , Maloba Peter , Wanjiru Sydney , Kimoloi Sammy
Published: August 2024

Fagaropsis angolensis is widely used in African traditional medicine system to manage oxidative stress-associated diseases and lacks scientific evidence. The study investigated the phytochemical, antioxidant, anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory properties of F. angolensis leaf extracts. Extracts were prepared by maceration and standard qualitative methods were used for phytochemical screening. Total phenolic and total flavonoid contents were done by using Folin-Ciocalteu and aluminum chloride calorimetricmethods, respectively. Antioxidant activity was evaluated using 2, 2-Diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. Acetic acid-induced writhing and carrageenan-induced hind paw edema mouse models were used in anti-nociceptive and anti- inflammatory activities respectively. The presence of steroids, phenols, alkaloids, flavonoids, anthraquinones, glycoside and coumarins were observed. Total phenolic content for methanol extract was 55.52 ± 3.05 and the water extract was 48 ± 0.185 mgGAE/g (p<0.05). While, total flavonoid content for methanol extract was 172.53 ± 7.095 and that of water extracts was 42.23 ± 0.101 mgCE/g (p<0.05). IC50 values of less than 1 μg/ml were revealed in the DPPH assay. Percentage (%) writhing inhibition did not show any difference between the tested doses of plant extracts and standard aspirin at 150 mg/kg (p>0.05), indicative of potent anti-nociceptive activity. There was no significant difference in percentage paw edema inhibition between the plant extracts and the dexamethasone standard at 10 mg/kg (p>0.05), indicative of potent anti-inflammatory activity.This study adds to existing knowledge about the utilization of F. angolensis in traditional medicine for the management of related to oxidative stress including pain and inflammatory reactions.
GWSkyNet. II. A Refined Machine-learning Pipeline for Real-time Classification of Public Gravitational Wave Alerts
Authors: Chan Man Leong , McIver Jess , Mahabal Ashish , Messick Cody , Haggard Daryl , Raza Nayyer , Lecoeuche Yannick , Sutton Patrick J. , Ewing Becca , Di Renzo Francesco , Cabero Miriam , Ng Raymond , Coughlin Michael W. , Ghosh Shaon , Godwin Patrick
Published: August 2024

Electromagnetic follow-up observations of gravitational wave events offer critical insights and provide significant scientific gain from this new class of astrophysical transients. Accurate identification of gravitational wave candidates and rapid release of sky localization information are crucial for the success of these electromagnetic follow-up observations. However, searches for gravitational wave candidates in real time suffer from a nonnegligible false alarm rate. By leveraging the sky localization information and other metadata associated with gravitational wave candidates, GWSkyNet, a machine-learning classifier developed by Cabero et al., demonstrated promising accuracy for the identification of the origin of event candidates. We improve the performance of the classifier for LIGO–Virgo–KAGRA's (LVK) fourth observing run by reviewing and updating the architecture and features used as inputs by the algorithm. We also retrain and fine-tune the classifier with data from the third observing run. To improve the prospect of electromagnetic follow-up observations, we incorporate GWSkyNet into LVK's low-latency infrastructure as an automatic pipeline for the evaluation of gravitational wave alerts in real time. We test the readiness of the algorithm on an LVK mock data challenge campaign. The results show that by thresholding on the GWSkyNet score, noise masquerading as astrophysical sources can be rejected efficiently and the majority of true astrophysical signals can be correctly identified.
Molecular Hydrogen Formation via Vibrational Excitation of Partially Superhydrogenated Pyrenes
Authors: Simonsen Frederik Doktor S. , Jaganathan Rijutha , Palotás Julianna , Tang Zeyuan , Hammer Bjørk , Oomens Jos , Hornekær Liv
Published: August 2024

While polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are now accepted to be abundant in interstellar space, the abundance and influence of superhydrogenated PAHs (HPAHs) in the interstellar medium (ISM) are still under investigation. HPAHs may act as catalysts for or reactants in small-molecule formation via hydrogen abstraction reactions, H2 evaporation, and carbon skeleton fragmentation. Here, we present a gas-phase infrared (IR) action spectroscopy study of the HPAH 4, 5, 9, 10-tetrahydropyrene (THP; C16H14), performed at the Free Electron Lasers for Infrared eXperiments facility. IR action spectroscopy was performed on the THP cation, protonated THP, and their fragments produced by collision-induced dissociation in the range from 600 to 1800 cm−1. Calculated IR spectra, at the density functional theory level, agree with experimental IR spectra to a high degree and were utilized to determine molecular structures of the HPAH fragments. Molecular dynamics simulations compared with experimental mass spectra reveal favorable HPAH fragmentation pathways. Molecular hydrogen (H2) is observed to be a primary fragment of [THP+H]+ with superhydrogenated duo groups. This contrasts the notion that HPAHs typically undergo carbon skeleton fragmentation leading to C
x
H
y
formation. These observations show that lowered symmetry and duo or trio aliphatic groups on HPAHs uniquely change their IR spectra, stability, and fragmentation patterns. As a result, these species may contribute to H2 formation in the ISM.
The Dynamical State of the Didymos System before and after the DART Impact
Authors: Richardson Derek C. , Agrusa Harrison F. , Barbee Brent , Cueva Rachel H. , Ferrari Fabio , Jacobson Seth A. , Makadia Rahil , Meyer Alex J. , Michel Patrick , Nakano Ryota , Zhang Yun , Abell Paul , Merrill Colby C. , Campo Bagatin Adriano , Barnouin Olivier , Chabot Nancy L. , Cheng Andrew F. , Chesley Steven R. , Daly R. Terik , Eggl Siegfried , Ernst Carolyn M. , Fahnestock Eugene G. , Farnham Tony L. , Fuentes-Muñoz Oscar , Gramigna Edoardo , Hamilton Douglas P. , Hirabayashi Masatoshi , Jutzi Martin , Lyzhoft Josh , Lasagni Manghi Riccardo , McMahon Jay , Moreno Fernando , Murdoch Naomi , Naidu Shantanu P. , Palmer Eric E. , Panicucci Paolo , Pou Laurent , Pravec Petr , Raducan Sabina D. , Rivkin Andrew S. , Rossi Alessandro , Sánchez Paul , Scheeres Daniel J. , Scheirich Peter , Schwartz Stephen R. , Souami Damya , Tancredi Gonzalo , Tanga Paolo , Tortora Paolo , Trigo-Rodríguez Josep M. , Tsiganis Kleomenis , Wimarsson John , Zannoni Marco
Published: August 2024

NASA’s Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) spacecraft impacted Dimorphos, the natural satellite of (65803) Didymos, on 2022 September 26, as a first successful test of kinetic impactor technology for deflecting a potentially hazardous object in space. The experiment resulted in a small change to the dynamical state of the Didymos system consistent with expectations and Level 1 mission requirements. In the preencounter paper, predictions were put forward regarding the pre- and postimpact dynamical state of the Didymos system. Here we assess these predictions, update preliminary findings published after the impact, report on new findings related to dynamics, and provide implications for ESA’s Hera mission to Didymos, scheduled for launch in 2024 October with arrival in 2026 December. Preencounter predictions tested to date are largely in line with observations, despite the unexpected, flattened appearance of Didymos compared to the radar model and the apparent preimpact oblate shape of Dimorphos (with implications for the origin of the system that remain under investigation). New findings include that Dimorphos likely became prolate due to the impact and may have entered a tumbling rotation state. A possible detection of a postimpact transient secular decrease in the binary orbital period suggests possible dynamical coupling with persistent ejecta. Timescales for damping of any tumbling and clearing of any debris are uncertain. The largest uncertainty in the momentum transfer enhancement factor of the DART impact remains the mass of Dimorphos, which will be resolved by the Hera mission.
The relationship between daylight hours and suicides seasonality in Russia
Authors: Korshunova Julia , Kucherov Ivan
Published: August 2024

Researchers from various countries across the globe have found suicidal behaviour to exhibit seasonality. In Russia and other countries located in the northern hemisphere it is observed that the number of suicides spikes during the spring to summer period and drops in winter. Researching the seasonal fluctuations of suicide mortality will allow us to better understand this phenomenon and, consequently, to develop effective measures of suicide prophylaxis, which help prevent future suicide cases.

In this article we research whether the seasonality of suicide levels in Russian countries is related to the daylight hours in different months. To achieve this, seasonality indices for suicides and daylight hours have been constructed for 8 Russian cities located across different latitudes. For these indices Pearson’s correlation coefficient has been computed. Granger causality test has been performed for the Russian suicide mortality data obtained for the years from 2000 to 2021. The authors have also attempted to estimate the real number of suicides by including some other causes of death, which were classified as events of undetermined intent.

The results of the study show significant high positive correlation between the seasonality indices of suicides and daylight hours (ranging between 0.74 and 0.9 depending on the city) as well as the presence of Granger causality for all researched cities when using 2 and 3 lags, which might imply a potential influence of the daylight hours on the suicidal behaviour in Russia.

This research contributes to academic literature on the seasonal patterns in suicides and their potential causes.
Archive-based Covert Channel in Sensor Streaming Data
Authors: Heßeling Carina , Litzinger Sebastian , Keller Jörg
Published: August 2024

With the advent of the Internet-of-Things, sensor data streams are widespread and thus a promising target for network steganography including covert channels. Therefore, we present an approach where the covert sender and receiver first build an archive of values that occur in the stream over a time interval, and then encode bits of the secret message via sensor stream values belonging to the class of seen values or not. If a sensor value’s category does not match the required bit value, it is adapted to switch its category. The chosen value minimizes the distance to the original sensor value to improve stealthiness. Furthermore, we present an application scenario and an analysis of the channel’s detectability, in particular how detectability and steganographic bandwidth can be traded against each other. We have tested the approach and the proposed detec-tion metrics via simulation experiments.
Diagnosis of Lung Cancer from Computed Tomography Scans with Deep Learning Methods
Authors: Seyrek Furkan Berk , Yiğit Halil
Published: August 2024

 In recent years, rapid advancements in technology, particularly in the realm of artificial intelligence, have significantly transformed the landscape of lung cancer diagnosis. Early detection of lung cancer is pivotal in enhancing patient outcomes; however, traditional diagnostic methods are laborious and time-consuming. Leveraging the power of deep learning techniques, specifically utilizing established neural network architectures, offers a promising solution. This study focuses on the classification of lung images from computed tomography (CT) scans into cancerous and non-cancerous categories. By employing prevalent deep learning models, transfer learning, and rigorous evaluation metrics, this study aims to assess the efficiency of these models in accurately diagnosing lung cancer. The study uses a publicly available dataset and employs preprocessing and segmentation techniques to prepare the images for analysis. The performance of the deep learning models is evaluated on the basis of parameters such as accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and F1 score. The results demonstrate remarkable accuracy rates, with specific architectures such as ResNet-152V2 and the proposed deep convolutional neural network architecture achieving a staggering 99.1% accuracy. These findings underscore the potential of deep learning techniques in revolutionizing lung cancer diagnosis, offering valuable support to healthcare professionals, and paving the way for more efficient and accurate diagnostic practices.
Uprooting is a promising tool to control invasive giant ragweed and recover native diversity
Authors: Byun Chaeho , Singh Kripal , Hong Sun Hee , Lee Jangho , Yoon Tae Kyung , Kang Hojeong
Published: August 2024

Ambrosia trifida (giant ragweed) is an invasive species that causes habitat destruction and competitively excludes native plants in many parts of Europe and Asia. In this study, we evaluated the effects of selective cutting and uprooting on A. trifida and native plant diversity, as well as the effects of sowing the seeds of native annual, perennial and woody species after eradication. We hypothesised that: (i) selective uprooting will be more effective than cutting in controlling invasion by A. trifida because fewer propagules would be left behind, with no increase in the number of existing invasive propagules and (ii) sowing native seeds will increase invasion resistance and accelerate the recovery of native plant diversity. The eradication methods were applied in July 2022, seeds were sown in March 2023 and the response variables (i.e. importance values (%) of A. trifida and diversity index (H') of native species) were measured in September 2023. The importance values of A. trifida were lowest and diversity index of native species was highest in the uprooting treatment, supporting the first hypothesis. Sowing native seeds following invasion removal did not exert significant additional suppressive effects on invasion or increase native species diversity. These results reveal that selective uprooting is a promising tool to control A. trifida and to support the recovery of native diversity, while sowing native seeds does not improve the quality of restoration.
Use of latrines and territorial marking behaviors by Subulo gouazoubira in a remnant of the Atlantic Forest in southeastern Brazil
Authors: Srbek-Araujo Ana Carolina , Alzuguir Luiza de Carvalho
Published: August 2024

The chemical communication signals the presence of individuals and territorial occupation, providing information about identity, sex, and reproductive status. This study aimed to characterize the use of latrines by the gray brocket deer, Subulo gouazoubira, in a remnant of the Atlantic Forest located in southeastern Brazil, as well as to describe its territorial marking behaviors, contributing to a better understanding of the species’ social communication strategies. Four monitoring points were used, but latrine use was recorded at only two of them. Twenty-seven independent records of S. gouazoubira were obtained, totaling 29 specimens recorded, comprising 59% males, 28% females, and 14% deer with undetermined sex. Twenty-five interactions with latrines and five types of behavior were recorded: defecation, urination, front paw scratching against the ground, tail shaking, and sniffing the area near the latrine. Among the recorded behaviors, 56% were performed by females, 40% by males, and 4% by specimens with undetermined sex. There was variation in the types and frequency of behaviors recorded, indicating that territorial marking behavior might be variable between latrines. Latrine use also varied temporally concerning the time of day when behaviors were recorded and the interval between records of odoriferous marking at the same latrine. Differences in latrine use between males and females were also observed, suggesting intersexual variations in territorial marking strategy. The obtained results, although limited to a few sampling points, suggest complexity in territorial marking behavior and interaction with latrines in S. gouazoubira, highlighting spatial differences, distinct temporal dynamics, and variations between sexes.
A new species of the genus Serangium Blackburn (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae) from China, with description of the immature stages
Authors: Huang Chu-Yang , Zeng Li-Ling , Fan Wu-wei , Lin Ping , Dong Qi-Jin , Su Yu-Long , Wang Xing-Min
Published: August 2024

A new speciesSerangium xinpingensisHuang & Wang,sp. nov.is described from Yunnan Province, China, as a newly discovered predator onBemisia tabaciGennadius (Hemiptera, Sternorrhyncha, Aleyrodidae). The new species is a valuable addition to the 14 species of this genus in China known before. A diagnosis, detailed description, including the structure of its immature stages, illustrations, and the distribution of the new species are provided.
Using Contemplative Activities in Course Design to Impart Caring Values
Authors: Stanley Brandi B.
Published: August 2024

Background:

Nurse educators may find it difficult to teach crucial content while imparting the caring values and identity of the nurse that Jean Watson described. Engaging with caring in learning requires moving beyond traditional formats that do not engage emotional/affective contemplation in application.

Method:

A mini course was designed to expose undergraduates to the principles and personal application of the 10 Caritas Processes
®
using three interrelated contemplative activities.

Results:

Student comments and journals are presented as evidence of understanding the purpose of caring values and how to begin to apply them in practice.

Conclusion:

Contemplative activities aid in developing caring values necessary for practice. Caring is important for sustained practice and research is needed regarding the effectiveness of contemplative methods in imparting caring values, forming professional identity, and long-term effect on nursing practice.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2024;63(X):XXX–XXX.]
Innovative Exercise for Nursing PhD Students: Addressing Biases During Integrative Literature Reviews
Authors: Sagherian Knar , Malone Katy , Rose Karen
Published: August 2024

Background:

Nursing PhD students face the difficulty of conducting integrative literature reviews that may lead to bias and lack of rigor particularly in the literature search, data evaluation, and data analysis stages. This article describes the development and use of an arts-based learning exercise to identify potential biases and improve on the critical and writing skills of students during the integrative literature review process.

Method:

The exercise consisted of visits to the university's museum, moderated discussions with nursing faculty and the museum educator, visual analyses of artwork, building art portfolios, and writing assignments. The exercise was modified over 3 years based on student feedback.

Results:

Students reported the exercise helped in critical and writing skills, in identifying areas of potential bias, and in enhancing the methodological rigor of the review process.

Conclusion:

Conducting literature reviews is integral in doctoral nursing education and this innovative exercise can facilitate this process.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2024;63(X):XXX–XXX.]
Comparative analysis of practical identifiability methods for an SEIR model
Authors: Saucedo Omar , Laubmeier Amanda , Tang Tingting , Levy Benjamin , Asik Lale , Pollington Tim , Feldman Olivia Prosper
Published: August 2024

Identifiability of a mathematical model plays a crucial role in the parameterization of the model. In this study, we established the structural identifiability of a susceptible-exposed-infected-recovered (SEIR) model given different combinations of input data and investigated practical identifiability with respect to different observable data, data frequency, and noise distributions. The practical identifiability was explored by both Monte Carlo simulations and a correlation matrix approach. Our results showed that practical identifiability benefits from higher data frequency and data from the peak of an outbreak. The incidence data gave the best practical identifiability results compared to prevalence and cumulative data. In addition, we compared and distinguished the practical identifiability by Monte Carlo simulations and a correlation matrix approach, providing insights into when to use which method for other applications.
The diameter of the nil-clean graph of $ \mathbb{Z}_n $
Authors: Su Huadong , Liang Zhunti
Published: August 2024

Let $ R $ be a ring with identity. An element $ r $ was called to be nil-clean if $ r $ was a sum of an idempotent and a nilpotent element in $ R $. The nil-clean graph of $ R $ was a simple graph, denoted by $ G_{NC}(R) $, whose vertex set was $ R $, where two distinct vertices $ x $ and $ y $ were adjacent if, and only if, $ x+y $ was a nil-clean element of $ R $. In the absence of the condition that vertex $ x $ is not the same as $ y $, the graph defined in the same way was called the closed nil-clean graph of $ R $, which may contain loops, and was denoted by $ \overline{G_{NC}}(R) $. In this short note, we completely determine the diameter of $ G_{NC}(\mathbb{Z}_n) $.
How to Enhance EdTech Integration in Secondary Education
Authors: Horbačauskienė Jolita , Ratkevičienė Milda , Kasperė Ramune , Staniškienė Eglė , Simonaitienė Berita , Stankevičiūtė Živilė , Ramanauskaitė Joana
Published: August 2024

Integration of EdTech in education has been a priority issue on the education agenda. Research conducted prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic has revealed that remote learning and/or learning in virtual environments requires different didactic/pedagogical solutions and a differently organized education process. The chapter presents a study of the experiences of secondary school teachers and managers through a semi-structured interview and action research, which was aimed at revealing successful solutions of the integration of EdTech into the education process. To efficiently incorporate digital solutions into the education process, several prerequisites are needed. The research results reveal the need to ensure teachers' motivation, sufficient EdTech infrastructure and availability, adequate digital competences of teachers and their development, and effective use and evaluation of EdTech.
Cultivating Inclusive Leadership
Authors: Singha Surjit
Published: August 2024

This chapter examines how leadership and organizational culture, in the face of modern technology's rapid improvements, are essential to promoting gender parity in enterprises and organizations. To facilitate gender diversity and inclusion, this chapter explores the dynamics of inclusive leadership in the context of digital transformation. It looks forward to discussing how technology can promote inclusive leadership behaviours and foster an equal work environment. Leaders may foster inclusive environments where a range of viewpoints are valued by understanding and navigating the corporate culture of the digital age. Creating a culture that values inclusiveness and justice is essential since doing so will eventually lead to more creative and successful enterprises.
Impact of Technology in the Lives of Corporate Women
Authors: Mishra Deepanjali
Published: August 2024

Modernization has brought vital reformations in the lives of women. There was a time when women were confined to four walls of their homes. With the reformation measures followed by various broad-minded people, they supported women who fought for their rights. This movement gained worldwide momentum. It indeed serves as a tool to enhance the promotion to achieve gender equality by providing them education, employment, and other opportunities. It has also helped in breaking the gender barriers in their workplace which has specific norms for both genders. Women can now access new avenues for economic empowerment thanks to the digital shift. Therefore, the basic objective of this chapter is to introduce the readers about the role of technology in the lives of the women who are working in corporate organizations.
Intersections of Law and Computational Intelligence in Health Governance
Authors: Mujawar Nigar Kadar
Published: August 2024

Virtual assistants in health and medicine utilize AI and NLP to revolutionize patient care and healthcare services. They engage patients with personalized interactions, improve access to healthcare, and support healthcare professionals. They assess symptoms, provide personalized health education, assist with medication management, and streamline appointment scheduling. Integration with telemedicine expands access to care, while wearable device integration monitors health metrics. Virtual assistants ensure secure access to medical records, adhere to regulations like HIPAA, and continuously improve through user feedback. Overall, they optimize patient engagement, improve accessibility, and enhance efficiency in healthcare delivery.
Impact of Artificial Intelligence in the Health Sector
Authors: Lal Sahil , Raghav Anjali , Arora Manmeet Kaur , Mishra Sanskriti , Singh Bhupinder
Published: August 2024

In the contemporary era, artificial intelligence (AI) has made tremendous strides. The emergence of artificial intelligence had a significant impact on upgrading transformation in the medical field. However, there is enormous optimism that the application of artificial intelligence would significantly enhance pivotal aspects of health care. Furthermore, AI can also be useful for highly specific personal profiling, which plays a vital role in understanding and targeting behavioural patterns along with that it also has the potential to forecast healthcare. In addition, artificial intelligence systems are already increasing the precision and efficacy of diagnosis and treatment across a wide range of specialisations, especially when combined with the intense advancements in computer processing in the health sector. Nevertheless, there are many challenges with the application of artificial intelligence in medical practice which are often hindered by a series of problems, including problems of privacy, data security, lack of operational simplicity, the problem of medical ethics, and the risk of fraud in the health sector. However, recent developments in artificial intelligence and virtual health will be proven to have positive effects on the health sector. This chapter discusses the role of artificial intelligence in the medical field. It also discusses the potential and challenges of artificial intelligence applications in the health sector.