bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Risk Factors
Authors: Golmirzaei Javad , Namazi Shole , Amiri Shahrokh , Zare Shahram , Rastikerdar Najme , Hesam Ali Akbar , Rahami Zahra , Ghasemian Fatemeh , Namazi Seyyed Shojaeddin , Paknahad Abbas , Mahmudi Forugh , Mahboobi Hamidreza , Khorgoei Tahereh , Niknejad Bahareh , Dehghani Fatemeh , Asadi Shima
Published: November 2013

Background. Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common psychiatric disorders among children. The aim of this study was to evaluate risk factors for ADHD in children.Method. In this case-control study, 404 children between 4 and 11 years old were selected by cluster sampling method from preschool children (208 patients as cases and 196 controls). All the participants were interviewed by a child and adolescent psychiatrist to survey risk factors of ADHD.Results. Among cases, 59.3% of children were boys and 38.4% were girls, which is different to that in control group with 40.7% boys and 61.6% girls. The chi-square showed statistically significance (Pvalue < 0.0001). The other significant factors by chi-square were fathers' somatic or psychiatric disease (Pvalue < 0.0001), history of trauma and accident during pregnancy (Pvalue = 0.039), abortion proceeds (Pvalue < 0.0001), unintended pregnancy (Pvalue < 0.0001), and history of head trauma (Pvalue < 0.0001).Conclusions. Findings of our study suggest that maternal and paternal adverse events were associated with ADHD symptoms, but breast feeding is a protective factor.
Statistical Optimization of Process Parameters for Lipase‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Triethanolamine‐Based Esterquats Using Response Surface Methodology in 2‐Liter Bioreactor
Authors: Fard Masoumi Hamid Reza , Basri Mahiran , Kassim Anuar , Kuang Abdullah Dzulkefly , Abdollahi Yadollah , Abd Gani Siti Salwa , Rezaee Malahat
Published: November 2013

Lipase‐catalyzed production of triethanolamine‐based esterquat by esterification of oleic acid (OA) with triethanolamine (TEA) in n‐hexane was performed in 2 L stirred‐tank reactor. A set of experiments was designed by central composite design to process modeling and statistically evaluate the findings. Five independent process variables, including enzyme amount, reaction time, reaction temperature, substrates molar ratio of OA to TEA, and agitation speed, were studied under the given conditions designed by Design Expert software. Experimental data were examined for normality test before data processing stage and skewness and kurtosis indices were determined. The mathematical model developed was found to be adequate and statistically accurate to predict the optimum conversion of product. Response surface methodology with central composite design gave the best performance in this study, and the methodology as a whole has been proven to be adequate for the design and optimization of the enzymatic process.
Existence of Periodic Solutions to Multidelay Functional Differential Equations of Second Order
Authors: Tunç Cemil , Yazgan Ramazan
Published: November 2013

Using Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional approach, we establish a new result to guarantee the existence of periodic solutions of a certain multidelay nonlinear functional differential equation of second order. By this work, we extend and improve some earlier result in the literature.
Robust and NonfragileH∞Kalman-Type Filter Design for Parameter-Uncertain Time-Delay Systems: PLMI Approach
Authors: Yang Seung Hyeop , Park Hong Bae
Published: November 2013

This paper describes the synthesis of a robust and nonfragileH∞Kalman-type filter design for a class of time-delay systems with polytopic uncertainties, filter-gain variations, and disturbances. We present the sufficient condition for filter existence and the method for designing a robust nonfragileH∞filter by using LMIs (Linear Matrix Inequalities) technique. Because the obtained sufficient condition can be represented as PLMIs (Parameterized Linear Matrix Inequalities), which can generate infinite LMIs, we use a relaxation technique to find finite solutions for a robust nonfragileH∞filter. We show that the proposed filter can minimize estimation error in terms of parameter uncertainties, filter-fragility, and disturbances.
A SA-Based Wireless Seismic Stress Monitoring System for Concrete Structures
Authors: Hou S. , Yu Y. , Zhang H. B. , Mao X. Q. , Ou J. P.
Published: November 2013

A PZT-based smart aggregate (SA) is capable of full process stress monitoring during earthquakes. A wired seismic monitoring system is prone to failure during earthquakes. Therefore, it is extremely necessary to use the wireless monitoring technique in the SA-based monitoring system. In this paper, the SA is integrated with the ZigBee wireless network which consists of a charge-to-voltage converter, a microprocessing unit, a wireless transmission unit, a base station, and a host computer. The dynamic loading scheme is applied on the SA and the output signal is measured by the wireless system and the wired system in parallel. The performance of the proposed wireless monitoring system is validated by comparing the wired and wireless signals. It is anticipated that this research will demonstrate the potential of using wireless monitoring systems for full damage process monitoring of concrete structures.
Carotid Atherosclerosis as a Surrogate Maker of Cardiovascular Disease in Diabetic Patients
Authors: Kawamoto Ryuichi , Katoh Tateaki , Kusunoki Tomo , Ohtsuka Nobuyuki
Published: November 2013

Many studies have shown that carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) is associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD). Although it remains inconclusive whether assessment of carotid IMT is useful as a screening test for CVD in Japanese diabetic patients, a total of 271 patients (151 men aged 66 ± 10 (standard deviation) years and 220 women aged 71 ± 8 years) were divided into two groups based on the presence of CVD. We cross-sectionally assessed the ability of carotid IMT to identify CVD corresponding to treatment that was examined by receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses. Among the 271 diabetic patients, 199 non-CVD and 72 CVD patients were examined. Multiple linear regression analysis using the presence of CVD as an objective variable showed that carotid IMT (β=0.259, P<0.001) as well as other confounding factors was a significant independent contributing factor. The ROC curve analysis showed that the best marker of CVD was carotid IMT, with an area under the ROC curve of 0.718 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.650–0.785). The greatest sensitivity and specificity were obtained when the cut-off value of mean carotid IMT was set at 0.95 mm (sensitivity = 0.71, specificity = 0.60, and accuracy = 0.627). Our study suggests that carotid IMT may be useful for screening diabetic patients with CVD.
Unusual Metastatic Patterns of Invasive Lobular Carcinoma of the Breast
Authors: Sobinsky Justin D. , Willson Thomas D. , Podbielski Francis J. , Connolly Mark M.
Published: November 2013

Invasive lobular carcinoma of the breast has similar patterns of metastatic disease when compared to invasive ductal carcinoma; however, lobular carcinoma metastasizes to unusual sites more frequently. We present a 65-year-old female with a history of invasive lobular breast carcinoma (T3N3M0) treated with modified radical mastectomy and aromatase-inhibitor therapy who underwent a surveillance PET scan, which showed possible sigmoid cancer. Colonoscopy with biopsy revealed a 3 cm sigmoid adenocarcinoma. The patient underwent a lower anterior resection. Pathology showed an ulcerated, invasive moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma extending into but not through the muscularis propria. However, six of seventeen paracolonic lymph nodes were positive for metastatic breast carcinoma (ER+/PR+), consistent with her lobular primary breast carcinoma; there was no evidence of metastatic colon cancer. This case highlights the unusual metastatic patterns of lobular carcinoma.
Present Practice of Thrombosis Prophylaxis of Radical Prostatectomy in a European Country: A Hungarian Multicenter Study
Authors: Benyo Matyas , Harsfalvi Jolan , Pfliegler Gyorgy , Molnar Zsuzsanna , Muranyi Mihaly , Jozsa Tamas , Flasko Tibor
Published: November 2013

Venous thromboembolism is a possible fatal complication after pelvic surgery. There is a lack of trials assessing the effect of prophylactic measures in urology. The aim of the study was to evaluate the practice of thrombosis prophylaxis in a Central European country. A questionnaire of performed radical prostatectomies, way of thrombosis prophylaxis and number of experienced thrombotic events was posted to all departments of urology in Hungary. With a response rate of 59%, 506 radical prostatectomies were reported. Low molecular weight heparin was administered by 100% of the departments. Graduated support stockings were applied by 37% of the patients. Early mobilization was the most common form of mechanic prophylaxis (57%). Thrombotic events were experienced in 1.4%, 0.2% were fatal. The thrombosis prophylaxis of patients undergoing radical prostatectomy is not unified. Due to the potential mortality of thrombotic complications it should be evaluated and prophylaxis should be recommended in urological guidelines.
Mitochondrial Function in Pluripotent Stem Cells and Cellular Reprogramming
Authors: Bukowiecki Raul , Adjaye James , Prigione Alessandro
Published: November 2013

Mitochondria are organelles playing pivotal roles in a range of diverse cellular functions, from energy generation to redox homeostasis and apoptosis regulation. Their loss of functionality may indeed contribute to the development of aging and age-related neurodegenerative disorders. Recently, mitochondria have been shown to exhibit peculiar features in pluripotent stem cells (PSCs). Moreover, an extensive restructuring of mitochondria has been observed during the process of cellular reprogramming, i.e. the conversion of somatic cells into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). These transformation events impact mitochondrial number, morphology, activity, cellular metabolism, and mtDNA integrity. PSCs retain the capability to self-renew indefinitely and to give rise to virtually any cell type of the body and thus hold great promise in medical research. Understanding the mitochondrial properties of PSCs, and how to modulate them, may thus help to shed light on the features of stemness and possibly increase our knowledge on cellular identity and differentiation pathways. Here, we review these recent findings and discuss their implications in the context of stem cell biology, aging research, and regenerative medicine.
Exclusion of Influences of ARMS2 Polymorphisms on the Central Visual Field in Retinitis Pigmentosa
Authors: Masahara Hidetaka , Nakazawa Mitsuru , Kawamura Eiji , Eguchi Shuichiro
Published: November 2013

Purpose: To investigate the effects of polymorphisms of the age-related maculopathy susceptibility 2 (ARMS2) gene on the central visual field defects in retinitis pigmentosa (RP). Subjects and Methods: The visual field was evaluated using the 10-2 Swedish Interactive Threshold Algorithm Fast Program and mean deviation (MD) slope, and regression coefficients of average sensitivity of the central 4 points (Cent4) were compared between each genetic subgroup. Results: The MD slope (right/left) was as follows: GG, -1.37 ± 2.18/ -0.89 ± 1.15; GT, -0.56 ± 1.40/-0.77 ± 1.04; TT, -0.75 ± 0.64/ -0.38 ± 0.92 dB/year. The Cent4 was as follows: GG, -1.34 ± 2.37/-1.60 ± 3.21; GT, -1.15 ± 2.08/1.07 ± 1.80; TT, -1.20 ± 0.91/-0.65 ± 1.37 dB/year. No significant differences in the degree of progression were observed when comparing groups. Conclusions: These data suggest that polymorphisms of the ARMS2 do not modify the progression of the central field of vision in RP patients.
Estimating Mortality in Survivors of the Acute Coronary Syndrome by the 4-Drug Score
Authors: Kopel Eran , Klempfner Robert , Goldenberg Ilan , Schwammenthal Ehud
Published: November 2013

Objective: Four drug classes, platelet inhibitors, β-blockers, statins, and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (or angiotensin receptor blockers), have been shown to reduce mortality in clinical trials. We sought to evaluate whether the simple number of secondary prevention drugs at discharge is independently associated with 1-year mortality in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients. Methods: We analyzed a prospective cohort study using data of all 5 Acute Coronary Syndrome Israeli Surveys (ACSIS) conducted between 2002 and 2010 in all Israeli cardiology departments. All 9,107 hospital survivors of ACS participated. Results: A score from 1 to 4 discharge drugs was significantly associated with gradual decreasing rates of 1-year mortality (14.4, 9.0, 5.1, and 3.6%, respectively; p for trend <0.001). Only when the number of discharge drugs increased to 3-4 as a result of the intervention during hospitalization in patients initially admitted with 0-2 drugs, a significant multivariate-adjusted decrease in the hazard ratio (HR), independent of multiple baseline, admission presentation, and in-hospital course characteristics, was measured (HR, 0.66; 95% confidence interval, 0.50-0.87). Conclusion: The use of a higher number of secondary prevention drugs at discharge following ACS was associated with significantly lower mortality rates, particularly in patients with mono- or dual-baseline therapy.
Association of Linear IgA Bullous Disease with Ulcerative Colitis: A Case of Successful Treatment with Infliximab
Authors: Yamada S. , Makino T. , Jinnin M. , Sakai K. , Fukushima S. , Inoue Y. , Ihn H.
Published: November 2013

Linear IgA bullous disease (LABD) has been reported in association with inflammatory bowel disease, in particular ulcerative colitis (UC). We reporting a 34-year-old female who developed LABD during a flare-up of UC. We administered infliximab, which has been approved for the treatment of UC; infliximab dramatically improved the cutaneous lesions and bowel symptoms. This is the first report showing a marked effect of infliximab on LABD. First, we hypothesize that infliximab works for UC and then calms down excessive production of inflammatory cytokines and autoantibodies, and so stricter control of UC by infliximab is beneficial against the skin condition of LABD. Second, we suggest that TNF-α production in the lesion of LABD is increased, so TNF-α plays an important role in developing cutaneous lesions. This case suggests that infliximab, a monoclonal antibody against TNF-α, is efficacious in the cutaneous symptoms of LABD.
Prenatal Diagnosis of Umbilical Artery Thrombosis
Authors: Tanaka Kei , Tanigaki Shinji , Matsushima Miho , Miyazaki Noriko , Hashimoto Reiko , Izawa Tomoko , Sakai Keiji , Yazawa Takuya , Iwashita Mitsutoshi
Published: November 2013

Umbilical artery thrombosis (UAT) is rare and few prenatally diagnosed cases have been reported. We describe 2 cases of fetal growth restriction prenatally diagnosed as UAT by ultrasound examination. In each case the cross section of the umbilical cord showed one normal artery and a small echogenic area which was suspected as an occluded thrombotic artery and they were surrounded by a highly curving ‘C-shaped' vein. UAT was confirmed by histological examinations after deliveries in both cases. The characteristic ultrasound finding of the umbilical vessel, which is the so-called ‘orange grabbed sign', enables the prenatal diagnosis of UAT and it is valuable with respect to perinatal fetal management because UAT is associated with increased perinatal morbidity and mortality.
Altered Small Airways in Aged Mice following Neonatal Exposure to Hyperoxic Gas
Authors: O'Reilly Megan , Harding Richard , Sozo Foula
Published: November 2013

Background: Supplemental oxygen is necessary in the respiratory support of very preterm infants, but it may contribute to bronchopulmonary dysplasia and an increased risk of poor lung function in later life. It is well established that hyperoxia can inhibit alveolarization, but effects on the developing conducting airways, which are important determinants of lung function, are poorly understood. It is possible that prolonged exposure of the immature lung to hyperoxic gas alters the development of small conducting airways (bronchioles), and that these effects may persist throughout life. Objectives: To examine the effects of neonatal inhalation of hyperoxic gas on the bronchiolar walls in adulthood. Methods: Neonatal mice (C57BL/6J) born at term inhaled 65% O2 from birth until postnatal day 7; thereafter, they were raised in room air until 10 months postnatal age (P10mo), which is advanced adulthood. Age-matched controls inhaled room air from birth. We investigated small conducting airways with a diameter between 105-310 µm. Results: At P10mo, bronchiolar walls of hyperoxia-exposed mice contained ∼18% more smooth muscle than controls (p < 0.05), although there was no effect on bronchiolar epithelium or collagen. Neonatal hyperoxia resulted in significantly fewer bronchiolar-alveolar attachments at P10mo (p < 0.05); this was accompanied by persistent simplification of the lung parenchyma, as indicated by greater mean linear intercept and less parenchymal tissue (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Neonatal exposure to hyperoxia induces remodeling of the bronchiolar walls and loss of bronchiolar-alveolar attachments in adulthood, both of which could contribute to impaired lung function and airway hyper-reactivity.
Mdm2 SNP309 G-Variant Is Associated with Invasive Growth of Human Urinary Bladder Cancer
Authors: Hitzenbichler Florian , Stoehr Christine G. , Rogenhofer Michael , Wieland Wolf F. , Ruemmele Petra , Hartmann Arndt , Stoehr Robert
Published: November 2013

Objective: Human mouse double minute 2 (Mdm2) is essential in degrading p53 by acting as an ubiquitin ligase and therefore plays a vital role in cell cycle and survival. The G-variant of the Mdm2 SNP309, which is located within the promoter of the Mdm2 gene, increases expression of Mdm2 and thereby inhibits the p53 pathway. Several studies have investigated the influence of this SNP on disease risk and onset of various malignancies. The impact of Mdm2 SNP309 on bladder cancer is still to be established due to inconsistent data. Methods: In a case-control study we determined the distribution of Mdm2 SNP309 genotypes in 111 patients with an early-onset bladder cancer (diagnosis <45 years of age), in 113 consecutive bladder cancer patients and in a control group consisting of 140 patients without any malignancy. Results: There was no significant association between the allelic distribution of the Mdm2 SNP309 and tumor risk, early onset, gender or grade of the tumor. According to tumor stage we found a significant difference in the distribution of the Mdm2 SNP309 between patients with noninvasive and invasive (≥pT1) tumor growth (p = 0.016). In patients with invasive tumors a significant increase of the G allele was found (T/T vs. T/G + G/G; p = 0.023; OR 2.203, 95% CI 1.111-4.369). Conclusion: These data indicate that the G-variant of the Mdm2 SNP309 might influence the development of a more aggressive tumor phenotype in patients with bladder cancer without affecting the overall tumor risk.
The Germline BIM Deletion Polymorphism Is Not Associated with the Treatment Efficacy of Sorafenib in Patients with Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Shao Yu-Yun , Chang Yung-Lin , Huang Chung-Yi , Hsu Chih-Hung , Cheng Ann-Lii
Published: November 2013

Objectives: A germline BIM deletion polymorphism has been proposed to predict a poor treatment efficacy of certain kinase inhibitors. The current study aimed to explore whether the BIM deletion polymorphism predicts the treatment efficacy of sorafenib for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods: All patients who were enrolled in clinical trials to receive sorafenib-containing regimens as first-line therapy for advanced HCC and consented to providing peripheral blood samples were included. Polymerase chain reaction followed by gel electrophoresis was used to detect the germline BIM deletion polymorphism. Results: A total of 89 patients were enrolled; 69 (77%) patients had chronic hepatitis B infection, and 18 (20%) had chronic hepatitis C infection. The heterozygous BIM deletion polymorphism was identified in 9 (10%) patients. Patients with and without the BIM deletion polymorphism had similar response rates (11 vs. 6%) and disease control rates (56 vs. 61%). The time to progression, progression-free survival, and overall survival were similar between patients with and without the BIM deletion polymorphism. After adjusting for basic clinicopathologic variables and treatment regimens, the BIM polymorphism still could not predict treatment outcomes. Conclusions: The BIM deletion polymorphism was not associated with the treatment efficacy of sorafenib for advanced HCC.
Phenetic analysis of the complex Senna fabrisii—S. trichosepala (Leguminosae, Caesalpiniodeae, Aphyllae) based on morphological characters and seed protein electrophoretic profiles
Authors: Robbiati Federico O. , Lamarque Alícia , Anton Ana M. , Fortunato Renée H.
Published: November 2013

Multivariate and univariate analyses based on morphological characters and seed soluble protein electrophoretic profiles were carried out in order to understand the taxonomic status within the complex S. fabrisii-S. trichosepala. Twenty morphological characters from herbarium specimens were recorded and analyzed by ANOVA, principal component and cluster analysis. The seed protein electrophoretic analysis including cluster analysis was based on three populations: one of S. fabrisii and two of S. trichosepala. The results showed that both taxa differed only by three morphological features; in parallel, the CPA and CA demonstrate that no clearly separated group can be recognized. The seed protein electrophoretic profiles show a high degree of similarity. Based on these results, and due to the variability observed, the inclusion of S. fabrisii in the synonymy of S. trichosepala is proposed.
Revised circumscription of Nothofagus and recognition of the segregate genera Fuscospora, Lophozonia, and Trisyngyne (Nothofagaceae)
Authors: HEENAN PETER B. , SMISSEN ROB D.
Published: November 2013

The generic taxonomy of the Nothofagaceae is revised. We present a new phylogenetic analysis of morphological characters and map these characters onto a recently published phylogenetic tree obtained from DNA sequence data. Results of these and previous analyses strongly support the monophyly of four clades of Nothofagaceae that are currently treated as subgenera of Nothofagus. The four clades of Nothofagaceae are robust and well-supported, with deep stem divergences, have evolutionary equivalence with other genera of Fagales, and can be circumscribed with morphological characters. We argue that these morphological and molecular differences are sufficient for the four clades of Nothofagaceae to be recognised at the primary rank of genus, and that this classification will be more informative and efficient than the currently circumscribed Nothofagus with four subgenera.        Nothofagus is recircumscribed to include five species from southern South America, Lophozonia and Trisyngyne are reinstated, and the new genus Fuscospora is described. Fuscospora and Lophozonia, with six and seven species respectively, occur in New Zealand, southern South America and Australia. Trisyngyne comprises 25 species from New Caledonia, Papua New Guinea and Indonesia. New combinations are provided where necessary in each of these genera.
Review of the hymenopteran fauna of New Caledonia with a checklist of species
Authors: JENNINGS JOHN T. , KROGMANN LARS , BURWELL CHRIS
Published: November 2013

The hymenopteran fauna of New Caledonia is reviewed and compared with that of Australia and New Zealand, as well as other islands in the south-west Pacific. In conclusion, several different scenarios (e.g., recent dispersal events and radiations) can be used to explain the extant distribution of New Caledonian Hymenoptera. A detailed checklist of 409 species and subspecies of Hymenoptera of New Caledonia is provided, along with estimates of the undescribed fauna, and a summary of the general biology of the families represented in the region.
Description of Mitogoniella mucuri sp. nov. (Opiliones: Gonyleptidae) and considerations on polymorphic traits in the genus and Gonyleptidae
Authors: DE ÁZARA LUDSON NEVES , DASILVA MARCIO BERNARDINO , FERREIRA RODRIGO LOPES
Published: November 2013

Mitogoniella mucuri sp. nov. is described for some caves in Minas Gerais, Brazil. This species differs from other Mitogoniella species by large tubercles on the ocularium that have fused bases and free apices (or almost fully fused tubercles with bifurcated apices), and by a large dry-mark between tubercles on the longitudinal groove of area III. Mitogoniella species are hard to recognize: their males lack any armature on leg IV (normally an important diagnostic character among gonyleptid species), and they also present many polymorphisms in coloration (dry-mark), male secondary sex characters, the number of dorsal scutal granules, and the shapes of tubercles on the ocularium. The patterns of these polymorphisms are discussed for the genus and for the family. The present work also presents new occurrences for all the species of the genus, and their biogeography is discussed.
A new species of the genus Pethia from Mizoram, northeastern India (Teleostei: Cyprinidae)
Authors: DISHMA MAYANGLAMBAM , VISHWANATH WAIKHOM
Published: November 2013

The paper describes Pethia expletiforis, a new cyprinid species from the Ka-ao River, Kaladan drainage, Mizoram, India. It is distinguished from its congeners in the Chindwin-Irrawaddy and Ganga-Brahmaputra drainages by the combination of: a complete lateral line, nine predorsal scales, 12 circumpeduncular scales, ½4/1/3½ transverse scales, a black blotch on the caudal peduncle, and the absence of a humeral mark and barbels.
A new species of Hemiphyllodactylus (Reptilia: Gekkonidae) from northern Vietnam
Authors: NGUYEN TRUONG QUANG , LEHMANN TANJA , LE MINH DUC , DUONG HA THUY , BONKOWSKI MICHAEL , ZIEGLER THOMAS
Published: November 2013

We describe a new species of the genus Hemiphyllodactylus on the basis of four specimens from Cao Bang Province, northern Vietnam. Hemiphyllodactylus zugi sp. nov. is distinguished from the remaining congeners by a combination of the following characters: a bisexual taxon; average SVL of adult males 41 mm, of adult female 46.6 mm; chin scales bordering mental and first infralabial distinctly enlarged; digital lamellae formulae 3-4-4-4 (forefoot) and 4-5-5-5 (hindfoot); femoral and precloacal pore series continuous, 18–21 in total in males, absent in female; cloacal spur single in males; dorsal trunk pattern of dark brown irregular transverse bands; dark lateral head stripe indistinct; upper zone of flank with a series of large light spots, edged above and below in dark grey; caecum and gonadal ducts unpigmented.
Schillerosaurus gen. nov., a replacement name for the lizard genus Schilleria Evans and Chure, 1999 a junior homonym of Schilleria Dahl, 1907
Authors: NYDAM RANDALL L. , CHURE DANIEL J. , EVANS SUSAN E.
Published: November 2013

Schilleria utahensis Evans and Chure, 1999 was erected for an associated partial skeleton of an enigmatic fossil lizard recovered from the Late Jurassic Brushy Basin Member of the Morrison Formation at Dinosaur National Monument in northeastern Utah (Evans and Chure 1999). However, the genus name Schilleria is a junior homonym of the arachnid subgenus Schilleria Dahl, 1907. Under Article 23.1 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN 1999) Dahl’s 1907 name has priority. Another junior homonym is Schilleria Girault, 1932 (a genus of Australian chalcidoidean hymentopteran), which was replaced by Ghesquiere (1946) with Schilleriella because of the preoccupation by Dahl (1907).
Names and publication dates of the Brachyura in F.É. Guérin (Guérin-Méneville) (Crustacea: Decapoda)
Authors: LOW MARTYN E.Y. , NG PETER K.L. , EVENHUIS NEAL L.
Published: November 2013

The names and dates of the publications of Brachyura of Guérin (Guérin-Méneville from 1836) are reviewed, and previously unidentified or overlooked names are identified. Several identical new names used in multiple publications by Guérin (also under the name Guérin-Méneville), and others that appeared in the same year necessitated the accurate determination of publication dates to establish priority. The authorships of three names should be credited to Guérin (1832): Gecarcinus lateralis (Gecarcinidae), Halimus aries (Majidae), and Libinia spinosa (Epialtidae), the first previously attributed to Fréminville (1835), the last two to H. Milne Edwards (1834). The overlooked genus- and species-group names Cyclocarcinus pinnotheroides Guérin-Méneville, 1838, are determined to be senior subjective synonyms of the genus- and species-group names Hapalonotus reticulatus (De Man, 1879) (Pilumnidae). Applying Article 23.9.1 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, precedence is reversed between the genus-group names and the correct name is Hapalonotus pinnotheroides (Guérin-Méneville, 1838). Current and widespread use of the genus-group name Thalamita Latreille, 1829 (31 March) (Portunidae) is threatened by the overlooked Thalamites Guérin, 1829 (21 March), and the precedence of the names is also reversed to maintain usage of the former. The genus-group name Eurypodius Guérin (Inachidae) is shown to have been established in 1828, not 1825. Included is a complete bibliography of the publications in which Guérin (also under Guérin-Méneville) established new names for Brachyura, with their accurate publication dates.
Three new species of Macrelmis Motschulsky, 1859 (Coleoptera: Elmidae: Elminae) from the Brazilian Cerrado Biome with updated key for the Macrelmis of Brazil
Authors: BARBOSA FELIPE FRANCISCO , FERNANDES ANDRÉ SILVA , OLIVEIRA LEANDRO GONÇALVES
Published: November 2013

Three new species of Macrelmis Motschulsky, 1859 (Macrelmis bispo sp. nov., Macrelmis froehlichi sp. nov., and Macrelmis nessimiani sp. nov.) are herein described and illustrated. The species were collected from several streams in Goiás State, Brazil, a formerly unknown region concerning Elmidae fauna. We also provide an updated key for the Macrelmis species of Brazil.
Interannual Variability of East Asian Summer Monsoon Simulated by CMIP3 and CMIP5 AGCMs: Skill Dependence on Indian Ocean–Western Pacific Anticyclone Teleconnection
Authors: Song Fengfei , Zhou Tianjun
Published: November 2013

The climatology and interannual variability of East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) are investigated by using 13 atmospheric general circulation models (AGCMs) from phase 3 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP3) and 19 AGCMs from CMIP5. The mean low-level monsoon circulation is reasonably reproduced in the multimodel ensemble mean (MME) of CMIP3 and CMIP5 AGCMs, except for a northward shift of the western Pacific subtropical high. However, the monsoon rainband known as mei-yu/baiu/changma (28°–38°N, 105°–150°E) is poorly simulated, although a significant improvement is seen from CMIP3 to CMIP5. The interannual EASM pattern is obtained by regressing the precipitation and 850-hPa wind on the observed EASM index. The observed dipole rainfall pattern is partly reproduced in CMIP3 and CMIP5 MME but with two deficiencies: weaker magnitude and southward shift of the dipole rainfall pattern. These deficiencies are closely related to the weaker and southward shift of the western Pacific anticyclone (WPAC). The simulation skill of the interannual EASM pattern has been significantly improved from CMIP3 to CMIP5 MME accompanied by the enhanced dipole rainfall pattern and WPAC. Analyses demonstrate that the tropical eastern Indian Ocean (IO) rainfall response to local warm SST anomalies and the associated Kelvin wave response over the Indo–western Pacific region are important to maintain the WPAC. A successful reproduction of interannual EASM pattern depends highly on the IO–WPAC teleconnection. The significant improvement in the interannual EASM pattern from CMIP3 to CMIP5 MME is also due to a better reproduction of this teleconnection in CMIP5 models.
Time-Variable Refraction of the Internal Tide at the Hawaiian Ridge
Authors: Zaron Edward D. , Egbert Gary D.
Published: November 2013

The interaction of the dominant semidiurnal M2 internal tide with the large-scale subtidal flow is examined in an ocean model by propagating the tide through an ensemble of background fields in a domain centered on the Hawaiian Ridge. The background fields are taken from the Simple Ocean Data Assimilation (SODA) ocean analysis, at 2-month intervals from 1992 through 2001. Tides are computed with the Primitive Equation Z-coordinate Harmonic Analysis of Tides (PEZ-HAT) model by 14-day integrations using SODA initial conditions and M2 tidal forcing. Variability of the tide is found to occur primarily as the result of propagation through the nonstationary background fields, rather than via generation site variability. Generation of incoherent tidal variability is mapped and shown to occur mostly in association with waves generated at French Frigate Shoals scattering near the Musicians Seamounts to the north of the ridge. The phase-coherent internal tide loses energy at a domain-average rate of 2 mW m−2 by scattering into the nonstationary tide. Because of the interference of waves from multiple generation sites, variability of the internal tide is spatially inhomogeneous and values of the scattering rate 10 times larger occur in localized areas. It is estimated that 20% of the baroclinic tidal energy flux is lost by adiabatic scattering (refraction) within 250 km of the ridge, a value regarded as a lower bound because of the smoothed nature of the SODA fields used in this study.
Characteristics of Tropical Easterly Wave Pouches during Tropical Cyclone Formation
Authors: Wang Zhuo , Hankes Isaac
Published: November 2013

The pregenesis evolution of wave pouches was examined for 164 named tropical cyclones that originated from zonally propagating tropical easterly waves over the Atlantic during July–October 1989–2010 using the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) Interim Re-Analysis (ERA-Interim) and the Climate Prediction Center (CPC) morphing technique (CMORPH) precipitation. East of 60°W, most wave pouches (~80%) form at 700 hPa first, often extending down to 850 or 925 hPa off the coast of West Africa. By contrast, the majority of the wave pouches (~68%) over the west Atlantic (west of 60°W) form at 850 or 925 hPa first. Wave pouches become more vertically aligned approaching genesis. It was also found that vorticity at 925 hPa intensifies faster than that at 600 hPa. A warm-core structure forms at the meso-β scale near the pouch center prior to genesis but is less well defined at the meso-α pouch scale. The evolution of precipitation and the low-level convergence suggests that convection begins to organize near the pouch center about 1 day prior to genesis, along with the rapid intensification of vorticity in the inner pouch region. The composites derived from ERA-Interim show that the inner pouch region has higher specific humidity and equivalent potential temperature, especially in the middle troposphere within 1 day prior to genesis.
“Because I Am Worth It”
Authors: De Witt Huberts Jessie C. , Evers Catharine , De Ridder Denise T. D.
Published: November 2013

Self-regulation failure is often explained as being overwhelmed by impulse. The present article proposes a novel pathway, presenting a theoretical framework and empirical review of a justification-based account of self-regulation failure. With justification we refer to making excuses for one’s discrepant behavior, so that when experiencing a self-regulation dilemma between immediate impulses and long-term intentions, people resolve the conflict by developing and employing justifications that allow violations of the goal they endorse. Accordingly, rather than inhibiting motivations from the impulsive system, the reflective system can also facilitate them, leading to self-regulation failure. We bring together empirical evidence from various domains demonstrating that justifications can instigate self-regulation failure and rule out alternative accounts. Having established that justification processes contribute to self-regulation failure, we then propose several mechanisms that may fuel the effect. Finally, routes for future research and the conceptual and practical implications of these novel insights for self-regulation are discussed.
Improving the Dependability of Research in Personality and Social Psychology
Authors: Funder David C. , Levine John M. , Mackie Diane M. , Morf Carolyn C. , Sansone Carol , Vazire Simine , West Stephen G.
Published: November 2013

In this article, the Society for Personality and Social Psychology (SPSP) Task Force on Publication and Research Practices offers a brief statistical primer and recommendations for improving the dependability of research. Recommendations for research practice include (a) describing and addressing the choice of N (sample size) and consequent issues of statistical power, (b) reporting effect sizes and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), (c) avoiding “questionable research practices” that can inflate the probability of Type I error, (d) making available research materials necessary to replicate reported results, (e) adhering to SPSP’s data sharing policy, (f) encouraging publication of high-quality replication studies, and (g) maintaining flexibility and openness to alternative standards and methods. Recommendations for educational practice include (a) encouraging a culture of “getting it right,” (b) teaching and encouraging transparency of data reporting, (c) improving methodological instruction, and (d) modeling sound science and supporting junior researchers who seek to “get it right.”
Telemedicine for clinical management of diabetes – a process analysis of video consultations
Authors: Fatehi Farhad , Gray Leonard C , Russell Anthony W
Published: November 2013

We analysed 56 video consultations provided in a 5-month period by two endocrinologists from the tele-endocrinology clinic of a tertiary teaching hospital in Brisbane. The patients were suffering from type 1 or type 2 diabetes, and 41% of them had at least one diabetic complication. Their mean age was 51 years and 45% were female. The consultations were provided to ten cities located 210–1800 km from Brisbane. A questionnaire was developed for analysing the video visits. It comprised 26 questions, arranged in six sections: (1) Patient characteristics, (2) Reason for referral, (3) Procedures and findings, (4) Recommendations, (5) Telehealth logistics, (6) Consultant’s opinion. In 66% of consultations a nurse accompanied the patient. The specialist requested the nurse to perform a physical examination in 18% of these cases. No change in medications was made in 36% of the consultations. The most frequent recommendations were requesting laboratory tests (75%), insulin dose adjustments (39%) and referrals to an allied health professional (13%). Out of 56 consultations, the specialists indicated the need to perform a physical examination for 12 patients that was not possible remotely. However, they requested an in-person (face-to-face) visit for three patients. Nevertheless they believed that in 34% of the cases they could have made a better decision if the consultation had been in-person. Video consultation can substitute for a large proportion of in-person specialist consultations for people with diabetes who are referred to endocrinology specialists.
Changes in paediatric hospital ENT service utilisation following the implementation of a mobile, indigenous health screening service
Authors: Smith Anthony C , Armfield Nigel R , Wu Wei-I , Brown Cecil A , Mickan Brooke , Perry Chris
Published: November 2013

In 2009, we established a mobile ear-screening service for children in a remote community approximately 350 km north-west of Brisbane. We compared pre-implementation health service utilisation data (2006-2008) with data for the following three years. The study included only children in schools that had participated in screening since the start of the screening programme and for which data for the 6-year study period were available. In the baseline period there were 329 ear, nose and throat (ENT) outpatient appointments at the Royal Children's Hospital (RCH) in Brisbane for children from the selected catchment area. Of these, 166 (51%) were failure-to-attends (FTAs). In the following three years, there were 105 appointments, of which 40 (38%) were FTAs. In the baseline period, 100 children received surgical procedures at the RCH; in the following three years there were 43. In the three years following implementation, 136 children were booked to receive surgical procedures locally at the Cherbourg hospital, and 117 (86%) were completed. Since no other major health service changes occurred in the region during the study period, we conclude that the telemedicine-enabled screening service improved access to specialist care in the community and resulted in fewer outpatient and surgical appointments at the tertiary centre in Brisbane.
The relationship between telehealth and information technology ranges from that of uneasy bedfellows to creative partnerships
Authors: Wade Victoria A , Hamlyn Jeremy S
Published: November 2013

The relationship between the clinical and technical aspects of a telehealth operation is frequently problematic, and technically-driven projects often fail to achieve sustainability. Qualitative data from a study of 37 Australian telehealth services were analysed to understand how the relationship between telehealth providers and information technology (IT) departments helps or hinders the development of telehealth. The most frequent difficulties reported were between telehealth services and the internal IT departments of health services, rather than with external vendors. The difficulties included barriers to installing telehealth over IT networks, a lack of priority given to telehealth services, and IT departments insisting on standardised approach. Alternatively, when IT staff were assigned to supporting clinical staff and had a close working relationship with them, they were major enablers of telehealth services. Authorising dedicated IT support and encouraging joint problem solving should provide a strong foundation for a healthy relationship which contributes to the growth and sustainability of telehealth.
Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Ledderhose Disease
Authors: Motolese Alberico , Mola Federica , Cherubino Mario , Giaccone Micol , Pellegatta Igor , Valdatta Luigi
Published: November 2013

Ledderhose disease is disorder of the plantar aponeurosis. This disease is not so common and can be tackled with a surgical or conservative approach. A case of a 73-year-old man came to our attention who had a 26-year history of painless bilateral plantar nodules coalescing into an indurated mass. An ulcerative nodule had been noted in the last 16 months on the right foot, in the absence of trauma, not responsive to conservative treatment, so we decided to perform a biopsy. The histopatologic examination showed squamous cell carcinoma, with warty, well-differentiated, low-grade malignancy. Surgical treatment was suggested, so, in pneumoischemia, we made a surgical incision including the skin lesion. Then we proceeded to sculpture the anterolateral thigh fasciacutaneous flap to obtain adequate soft tissue coverage. The tumor was completely removed. Current reconstructive possibilities comprise a good anatomofunctional recovery even in the case of large demolition requests for the therapy of advanced cases of the disease described in this article. Correlation between Ledderhose disease and the formation of malignant tumors has not been made as yet, but perhaps an element that could unite these pathologies can be researched in the lively cell proliferation that characterizes both. It would be interesting to analyze the biological substrate, as well as the systemic and local levels, in patients where both diseases are manifested.
Association of Variant rs7903146 (C/T) Single Nucleotide Polymorphism of TCF7L2 Gene With Impairment in Wound Healing Among North Indian Type 2 Diabetes Population
Authors: Singh Kanhaiya , Agrawal Neeraj K. , Gupta Sanjeev K. , Singh Kiran
Published: November 2013

The variants of transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2) gene have been shown to be associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its several secondary complications. Here, we aimed to examine the possible role of one of the common variant of this gene, rs7903146 (C/T), with impairment of wound healing in cases with T2DM. A total of 750 individuals, including 322 patients with T2DM and 120 patients with diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) and 308 controls, were analyzed for rs7903146 variant of the TCF7L2 gene. Genotyping was done by polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism. For rs7903146 variant, TT genotype frequency in patients with DFU was 10.8% and in controls was 5.2%. Risk genotype (TT) frequencies showed statistically significant difference between the DFU patients versus non-DM control group (odds ratio = 2.44, P = .037, 95% confidence interval = 1.05-5.64) compared with nonrisk genotype (CC + CT). In the present study, a positive significant association between DFU and the TT genotype of rs7903146 (C/T) variant of TCF7L2 gene was found.
A Case of Fatal Necrotizing Fasciitis Arising From Chronic Lymphedema
Authors: Jun Young Joon , Kang In Sook , Lee Jung Ho , Kim Sue Min , Kim Young Jin
Published: November 2013

Chronic lymphedema and lymphangitis are common adverse effects following treatment for gynecological cancer. Because the early symptoms of necrotizing fasciitis are similar to those of lymphangitis, fatal outcome can occur if patients or physicians underestimate this condition. Here, we present a case of necrotizing fasciitis in a patient with chronic lymphedema.
Contralateral lower trapezius transfer for restoration of shoulder external rotation in traumatic brachial plexus palsy: a preliminary report and literature review
Authors: Satbhai N. G. , Doi K. , Hattori Y. , Sakamoto S.
Published: November 2013

The importance of external rotation of the shoulder is well accepted. Patients with inadequate recovery of shoulder function after nerve transfers for a brachial plexus injury have difficulty in using their reconstructed limb. The options for secondary procedures to improve shoulder function are often limited, especially if the spinal accessory nerve has been used earlier for nerve transfer or as a donor nerve for a free functioning muscle transfer. We have used the contralateral lower trapezius transfer to the infraspinatus in three cases, to restore shoulder external rotation. All patients had significant improvement in shoulder external rotation (mean 97°; range 80°–110°) and improved disability of the arm, shoulder and hand scores. The rotation occurred mainly at the glenohumeral joint, and was independent of the donor side. All patients were greatly satisfied with the outcome. Contralateral lower trapezius transfer appears to help in overall improvement of shoulder function by stabilizing the scapula. The results have remained stable after mean follow-up of 58 months (range 12–86). No donor site deficit was seen in any patient.