bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Functional results of modified Mason–Allen suture versus horizontal mattress suture in the arthroscopic Broström–Gould procedure for chronic ankle instability
Authors: Liu Jinlang , Chen Mingliang , Xu Tao , Tian Zhipeng , Xu Liuhai , Zhou You
Published: October 2022

Background

The arthroscopic Broström–Gould procedure (ABG) gained particular attention among clinicians and researchers due to its high rate of satisfactory results. There is a lack of evidence regarding the differences in clinical outcomes for the various suture techniques. The purpose of this study was to compare the differences in clinical effect in patients treated with one-anchor modified Mason–Allen suture or two-anchor horizontal mattress suture for chronic ankle instability (CAI).

Methods

This retrospective cohort study examined CAI patients who underwent either one-anchor modified Mason–Allen suture or two-anchor horizontal mattress suture ABG between January 2018 and January 2020. Patients were divided into two groups based on the suture knot type used and the associated number of anchors. The operative time, surgical cost, Visual Analog Scale (VAS), American Orthopedic Foot & Ankle Society (AOFAS) Score, Karlsson Ankle Functional Score (KAFS), the rate of return to sports, complications, and measured biomechanical strength using standardized equipment were compared between groups.

Results

Sixty-four CAI patients were included (one-anchor modified Mason–Allen suture group n = 30, two-anchor horizontal mattress suture group n = 34). Compared to the two-anchor horizontal mattress suture group, the one-anchor modified Mason–Allen suture group had significantly shorter operative time (p < .001) and lower surgical cost (p < .001). There were no postoperative complications in the two groups, and no significant differences in the VAS, AOFAS, KAFS, and rate of return to sports in postoperative follow-up between the two groups at 1 and 2 years after surgery. There was no statistically significant difference in biomechanical strength anterior drawer test displacement (p > .05) between the one-anchor modified Mason–Allen suture and two-anchor horizontal mattress suture at 2 years after surgery.

Conclusion

ABG using a one-anchor modified Mason–Allen suture showed comparable clinical results to a two-anchor horizontal mattress suture in the treatment of CAI at intermediate-term follow-up time. However, one-anchor modified Mason–Allen suture may be a faster, simpler, cost-effective substitute technology.

Level of evidence

Level III, comparative study.
CircLRFN5 inhibits the progression of glioblastoma via PRRX2/GCH1 mediated ferroptosis
Authors: Jiang Yang , Zhao Junshuang , Li Rongqing , Liu Yingliang , Zhou Lin , Wang Chengbin , Lv Caihong , Gao Liang , Cui Daming
Published: October 2022

Background

Ferroptosis is a novel form of iron-dependent cell death and participates in the malignant progression of glioblastoma (GBM). Although circular RNAs (circRNAs) are found to play key roles in ferroptosis via several mechanisms, including regulating iron metabolism, glutathione metabolism, lipid peroxidation and mitochondrial-related proteins, there are many novel circRNAs regulating ferroptosis need to be found, and they may become a new molecular treatment target in GBM.

Methods

The expression levels of circLRFN5, PRRX2 and GCH1 were detected by qPCR, western blotting, and immunohistochemistry. Lentiviral-based infections were used to overexpress or knockdown these molecules in glioma stem cells (GSCs). The biological functions of these molecules on GSCs were detected by MTS (3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H tetrazolium), the 5-ethynyl-20-deoxyuridine (EdU) incorporation assay, transwell, neurosphere formation assays, Extreme Limiting Dilution Analysis (ELDA) and xenograft experiments. The content of ferroptosis levels in GSCs was detected by BODIPY 581/591 C11 assay, glutathione (GSH) assay and malondialdehyde (MDA) assay. The regulating mechanisms among these molecules were studied by RNA immunoprecipitation assay, RNA pull-down assay, ubiquitination assay, dual-luciferase reporter assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay.

Results

We found a novel circRNA circLRFN5 is downregulated in GBM and associated with GBM patients’ poor prognosis. CircLRFN5 overexpression inhibits the cell viabilities, proliferation, neurospheres formation, stemness and tumorigenesis of GSCs via inducing ferroptosis. Mechanistically, circLRFN5 binds to PRRX2 protein and promotes its degradation via a ubiquitin-mediated proteasomal pathway. PRRX2 can transcriptionally upregulate GCH1 expression in GSCs, which is a ferroptosis suppressor via generating the antioxidant tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4).

Conclusions

Our study found circLRFN5 as a tumor-suppressive circRNA and identified its role in the progression of ferroptosis and GBM. CircLRFN5 can be used as a potential GBM biomarker and become a target for molecular therapies or ferroptosis-dependent therapy in GBM.
Activities Performed by ASCO-Sponsored Oncology Student Interest Groups in Latin America: Assessing Members' Preferences and Leaders' Challenges
Authors: Núñez-Peña Emilia , Siller-Garcia Paloma , Vaca-Cartagena Bryan F. , Lucio-Lozada Jose , Villafuerte-Manrique Silvia , Barrera López Mirelle , Mesa-Chavez Fernanda , Villarreal-Garza Cynthia
Published: October 2022

PURPOSE

In response to the worldwide shortage of oncologists, ASCO established Oncology Student Interest Groups (OSIGs) to increase oncology exposure at medical schools. However, there is limited guidance on the activities they should undergo. The main purposes of this study were (1) to assess the preferences and perceptions of OSIG members about their group events and (2) to describe the difficulties faced by leaders to carry out OSIGs' tasks.

METHODS

In this multicenter, cross-sectional study, group members and leaders from five active Latin American OSIGs were invited to answer anonymous web-based surveys exploring members' attitudes toward group activities and leaders' challenges when carrying them out. Data collection was conducted from March to June 2021.

RESULTS

Responses from 142 medical students and four OSIGs leaders were analyzed. In total, 83% of student members considered that lectures with an oncology-related expert was very useful for increasing their overall interest in oncology. For increasing interest in cancer research, 87% deemed that participating in oncology research projects was very useful. Shadowing oncology professionals was very useful for at least 70% of members to increase their oncology knowledge and their interest in following an oncology-related career. Moreover, leaders' main challenges were having a high academic load, little response from members, lack of interesting ideas and protected time for OSIGs' events, and limited support from their school.

CONCLUSION

OSIGs' leaders, medical schools, and international oncology organizations should work together to design activities that increase medical students' exposure to oncology-related professionals and encourage their participation in international oncological events. These schools and organizations should actively support OSIG leaders when facing difficulties to prevent members' disengagement and groups' discontinuation.
Risk Factors, Hyaluronidase Expression, and Clinical Immunogenicity of Recombinant Human Hyaluronidase PH20, an Enzyme Enabling Subcutaneous Drug Administration
Authors: Printz Marie A. , Sugarman Barry J. , Paladini Rudolph D. , Jorge Michael C. , Wang Yan , Kang David W. , Maneval Daniel C. , LaBarre Michael J.
Published: October 2022

Multiple FDA-approved and clinical-development stage therapeutics include recombinant human hyaluronidase PH20 (rHuPH20) to facilitate subcutaneous administration. As rHuPH20-reactive antibodies potentially interact with endogenous PH20, we investigated rHuPH20 immunogenicity risk through hyaluronidase tissue expression, predicted B cell epitopes, CD4+ T cell stimulation indices and related these to observed clinical immunogenicity profiles from 18 clinical studies. Endogenous hyaluronidase PH20 expression in humans/mice was assessed by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), quantitative RT-PCR, and deep RNA-Seq. rHuPH20 potential T cell epitopes were evaluatedin silicoand confirmedin vitro. Potential B cell epitopes were predicted for rHuPH20 sequencein silico, and binding of polyclonal antibodies from various species tested on a rHuPH20 peptide microarray. Clinical immunogenicity data were collected from 2643 subjects. From 57 human adult and fetal tissues previously screened by RT-PCR, 22 tissue types were analyzed by deep RNA-Seq. Hyaluronidase PH20 messenger RNA expression was detected in adult human testes.In silicoanalyses of the rHuPH20 sequence revealed nine T cell epitope clusters with immunogenic potential, one cluster was homologous to human leukocyte antigen. rHuPH20 induced T cell activation in 6–10% of peripheral blood mononuclear cell donors. Fifteen epitopes in the rHuPH20 sequence had the potential to cross-react with B cells. The cumulative treatment-induced incidence of anti-rHuPH20 antibodies across clinical studies was 8.8%. Hyaluronidase PH20 expression occurs primarily in adult testes. Low CD4+ T cell activation and B cell cross-reactivity by rHuPH20 suggest weak rHuPH20 immunogenicity potential. Restricted expression patterns of endogenous PH20 indicate low immunogenicity risk of subcutaneous rHuPH20.

Graphical abstract
TERF or Transfeminist Avant la Lettre?
Authors: Provitola Blase A.
Published: October 2022

French lesbian author and theorist Monique Wittig's early contestations of woman as the subject of feminism have played an important role in gender studies in both anglophone and francophone spaces. Since the mid-1990s, French lesbian studies scholars and queer theorists alike have looked to her to anchor their contestations of normative sexuality within a French tradition and counter some of the universalizing aspects of Anglocentric queer theory. As a result, polarizing debates have sprung up over interpretations of Wittigian political lesbianism, typically focusing on divergent readings of her theorization of sex and gender between radical lesbians on the one hand and queer theorists on the other. However, far less attention has been paid to the implications of such debates for transgender studies. Since she has been claimed by trans-exclusionary radical feminists as well as by queer and materialist transfeminists in France, her legacy serves as a rich site through which to understand how the ideological conflicts between those groups relate to feminist history. Taking as a point of departure the appropriation of her name by the anti-trans group Résistance Lesbienne (Lesbian Resistance) that took over the 2021 Paris Pride March, this article fleshes out the implications of her work concerning the place of transgender people, and especially transgender women, in feminist spaces. Ultimately, it is her complexity that makes her a crucial figure for transgender studies insofar as she elucidates French “gender-critical” feminism and its transfeminist critics.
The Characteristics of Thermal Runaway and Its Propagation in Large-Format LiFePO4 Batteries under Overcharging and Overheating Conditions
Authors: Zhang Tao , Qiu Xiangyun , Wei Tao
Published: October 2022

LFP batteries are widely used in energy storage stations and electric vehicles, but their related fire incidents have not been remediated. In this paper, the TR/TRP characteristics of LFP batteries/modules under different heat dissipation conditions are investigated through experiments and simulations. In addition, the TRP behaviour of large-capacity prismatic LFP modules under different SOCs and TR trigger modes is investigated in detail. It is found that the heat dissipation significantly affects the maximum TR temperature of the LFP single battery under overheating and whether TR occurs under overcharging. Besides, whether improving the convection coefficient can prolong the TRP time of the LFP module under overheating is influenced by the thermal resistance value between adjacent batteries. Furthermore, the TRP behaviour of the LFP module is significantly influenced by the SOC and TR trigger mode. 100% SOC LFP modules have the most intense TRP behaviour under overheating, with the TRP time increasing from 140 s to 644 s as the battery SOC drops from 100% to 80%, and TRP being blocked as the battery SOC drops to 50%. The LFP module however does not undergo TRP under overcharging even in an open environment at 80 °C.
Η ιδέα της ίδρυσης των Μουσικών Σχολείων στην Ελλάδα και ο εμπνευστής της Στέφανος Βασιλειάδης (1933-2004)
Authors: Πουλοπούλου Τρισεύγενη
Published: October 2022

Η παρούσα διατριβή πραγματεύεται τον θεσμό των Μουσικών Σχολείων σε συνάρτηση με τη συγγραφή της προσωπικότητας και του έργου του Στέφανου Βασιλειάδη. Οι εργώδεις προσπάθειες ίδρυσης και λειτουργίας των Μουσικών Σχολείων, ο σταδιακός σχεδιασμός και η υλοποίηση των προγραμμάτων σπουδών, η εξέλιξή τους στην πορεία των τριαντατεσσάρων ετών, οι κίνδυνοι και οι υφιστάμενες δυσκολίες, η συμβολή τους στην καλλιτεχνική-πολιτιστική-κοινωνική παιδεία του τόπου συναποτελούν τις καίριες παραμέτρους που συγκροτούν την ταυτότητα του θεσμού. Μάλιστα το παράδειγμα του Μουσικού Σχολείου Καλαμάτας «Μαρία Κάλλας» καταδεικνύει την εφαρμογή του θεσμού στην πράξη ως κορυφαίου σημείου αναφοράς.
Βιοχημικές μελέτες στην GSK3β-like κινάση LjSK1 από το Lotus japonicus
Authors: Σολοβού Θεοδώρα
Published: October 2022

Η οικογένεια των κινασών συνθάσης του γλυκογόνου 3, παραμένει συντηρημένη σε όλη την ευκαρυωτική εξέλιξη, από τις ζύμες στα φυτά και τα θηλαστικά. Μελετήσαμε την κινάση LjSK1 του φυτό Lotus japonicus που ομοιάζει με τις GSK3 των θηλαστικών και είχε προηγουμένως αποδειχτεί η συμμετοχή της στην ανάπτυξη φυματίων. Ο καθαρισμός και η απομόνωση του ενζύμου βασίστηκε σε κλασικές μεθόδους υγρής χρωματογραφίας πρωτεϊνών και με σκοπό να συγκριθεί η LjSK1 με τις ομόλογες κινάσες των θηλαστικών, πραγματοποιήθηκαν μελέτες ενζυμικής κινητικής και μεταλλαξιογέννεσης. Χρησιμοποιώντας ως υπόστρωμα ένα προ-φωσφορυλιωμένο πεπτίδιο, η LjSK1 επέδειξε βέλτιστη δραστικότητα κινάσης σε τιμή pH 8.0 στους 20 ˚C, ακολουθώντας κινητική Michaelis-Menten και με κινητικές παραμέτρους Km και Vmax ως προς ATP, 8.2 μM και 111.6 nmol/min/mg αντίστοιχα. Επιλέχθηκαν να πραγματοποιηθούν στοχευμένες μεταλλάξεις στα αμινοξικά κατάλοιπα Ser9, Tyr298, Arg178, Lys287 και Lys167 τα οποία αντικαταστάθηκαν από Ala. Μέσω κινητικών μελετών, αποδείχθηκε ο συντηρημένος ρόλος του καταλοίπου Lys167 ως κύριο αμινοξύ της καταλυτικής τριάδας του ενζύμου, ενώ παράλληλα αποσαφηνίστηκε πως τα αντίστοιχα κατάλοιπα που σχετίζονται με την εξειδίκευση του υποστρώματος στο ανθρώπινο ένζυμο, δεν έχουν τον αντίστοιχο σημαντικό ρόλο στη ρύθμιση της εξειδίκευσης της LjSK1. Επιπρόσθετες μελέτες που πραγματοποιήθηκαν σε φορέα που εκφράζει την περικεκομμένη LjSK190-467 υπέδειξαν ένα διαφορετικό μηχανισμό ρύθμισης της LjSK1, μέσω της πρωτεόλυσης τμήματος του Ν-τελικού άκρου της αρχικής πρωτεΐνης καθώς η απομάκρυνση 89 αμινοξέων αύξησε την καταλυτική ικανότητα σχεδόν δύο φορές. Ταυτόχρονα μελετήθηκε και η επίδραση των τριτερπενίων Lupeol, Betulinic acid και Hederacoside C στη δραστικότητα της LjSK1 αποκαλύπτοντας ισχυρή αναστολή.Επιλύθηκε η τρισδιάστατη δομή της LjSK190-467 σε ευκρίνεια 2.90 Å, παρέχοντας για πρώτη φορά πληροφορίες και δεδομένα που αφορούν μία κινάση που προέρχεται από τα φυτά και ομοιάζει με τις GSK3 των θηλαστικών. Οι σημαντικότερες διαφορές με την ανθρώπινη ομόλογη GSK3β παρατηρήθηκαν στο Ν- και C-λοβό της LjSK190-467, υποδεικνύοντας την πιθανότητα ύπαρξης ενός διαφορετικού μηχανισμού ρύθμισης των φυτικών GSK3. Παράλληλα, οι ομοιότητες στην αρχιτεκτονική σημαντικών λειτουργικών περιοχών, όπως το καταλυτικό κέντρο και η θέση πρόσδεσης της ATP εξηγούν τις κοινές λειτουργίες που εμφανίζουν οι δύο πρωτεΐνες. Επιπροσθέτως, αξιολογήθηκε ο βιολογικός ρόλος των μεταλλαγμένων μορφών της LjSK1, K167A και Y298A, καθώς και της περικεκομμένης LjSK190-467 στο ίδιο το φυτό και αποκαλύφθηκε ο φαινότυπος τους στην ανάπτυξη των φυματίων και των πλευρικών ριζών. Τέλος, μέσω τεχνικών συνθετικής βιολογίας παράχθηκε μία νέα συνθετική ασβεστοεξαρτώμενη πρωτεϊνική κινάση, η CALM-LjSK190-467, η οποία φέρει στοιχεία της LjSK1 και της ανθρώπινης καλμοδουλίνης. Σκοπός ήταν η νέα πρωτεΐνη να εμφανίζει προστατευτική δράση έναντι προσβολής φυτών από έντομα. ‘Έλεγχος μέσω κινητικών μελετών απέδειξε αύξηση της δραστικότητας της CALM-LjSK190-467 παρουσία Ca2+.
Αντίληψεις και πρακτικές εκπαιδευτικών πρωτοβάθμιας εκπαίδευσης σχετικά με τη διαχείριση της ψυχικής υγείας παιδιών προσφύγων που φοιτούν στις Δομές Υποδοχής και Εκπαίδευσης Προσφύγων στην Ελλάδα
Authors: Γαλάνη Μαρία , Σταυρινίδης Παναγιώτης
Published: October 2022

Στόχος αυτής της έρευνας είναι η ανάδειξη εμπειριών των εκπαιδευτικών πρωτοβάθμιας εκπαίδευσης που έχουν εκτελέσει εκπαιδευτικό έργο σε Δομές Υποδοχής και Εκπαίδευσης Προσφύγων (ΔΥΕΠ) στην Ελλάδα. Ουσιαστικά, καταγράφονται οι απόψεις τους σχετικά με την ψυχική υγεία των παιδιών προσφύγων που συναντούν και μελετώνται οι πρακτικές που υιοθετούν στην προσπάθειά τους να υποστηρίξουν την ψυχοσυναισθηματική  κατάσταση των παιδιών που φοιτούν στις δομές. Στην έρευνα συμμετείχαν 15 εκπαιδευτικοί πρωτοβάθμιας εκπαίδευσης οι οποίοι τοποθετήθηκαν σε ΔΥΕΠ κατά τη διάρκεια των σχολικών ετών 2018 – 2019, 2019 – 2020 και 2021-2022. Πρόκειται για μια ποιοτική έρευνα, όπου χρησιμοποιήθηκε ως μέθοδος συλλογής των δεδομένων η ημι-δομημένη συνέντευξη. Τα ερευνητικά δεδομένα αναλύθηκαν μέσω της ερμηνευτικής φαινομενολογικής προσέγγισης. Από τα ευρήματα της έρευνας αναδεικνύονται ως κυριότεροι παράγοντες επικινδυνότητας για την ψυχική υγεία των παιδιών προσφύγων το σχολικό περιβάλλον, η κουλτούρα της οικογένειας και ο ρατσισμός από τη χώρα υποδοχής. Ακόμα, μέσα από τα βιώματα των εκπαιδευτικών παρουσιάζονται οι ψυχοσυναισθηματικές δυσκολίες των παιδιών προσφύγων όπως μετατραυματικό στρες, επιθετικότητα, παρορμητικότητα και ανασφάλεια δημιουργίας σχέσεων. Τέλος, εξετάζεται ο όρος της ψυχικής ανθεκτικότητας και προκύπτουν μαρτυρίες για ψυχικά ανθεκτικά παιδιά, που παρά τις αντιξοότητες και τις φρικαλεότητες που έχουν βιώσει παρουσιάζουν θετική προσαρμογή και ψυχολογική επάρκεια.
Methods of Improving IT Project Management Processes
Authors: Grigorian Ilia
Published: October 2022

The topic of the article as well as the issues concerning the ways to improve IT-project management processes are becoming more and more relevant, the need to respond effectively to the changing national and international challenges of external conditions is increasing. Therefore, a detailed structural study and elaboration of ways to improve IT project management processes are required.

This study focuses on ways to improve IT project management processes.

The research methods are theoretical methods: analysis of sources, systematization and generalization.

The author of the article gives an interpretation of the concept "IT-project", "IT-project management".

The article analyzes the problems of IT-project management in modern organizations.

It characterizes the existing methods of IT-project management, as well as proposes new ways of managing IT-projects: the use of a unified information system, the model of "7 K-questions", the map of competencies in selecting the team.
Motywacje twórcze autorów emigracyjnego dokumentu osobistego. Przykład Henryka Przyborowskiego
Authors: Lewandowski Wacław
Published: October 2022

Artykuł przynosi rewizję pojęcia „literatura dokumentu osobistego” w zastosowaniu do literatury Drugiej Emigracji, polegającą na zaliczeniu do literatury dokumentarnej także utworów genologicznie niejednorodnych, hybrydycznych. Na przykładzie Raportu karnego H. Przyborowskiego autor stara się ukazać motywacje twórcze nieprofesjonalnych twórców tego typu piśmiennictwa.
„W gościnie u maharadży”. O wspomnieniach z Indii Bogdana Czaykowskiego, Wiesława Stypuły i Franciszka Herzoga
Authors: Paliwoda Agata
Published: October 2022

W artykule została podjęta próba omówienia wspomnień Bogdana Czaykowskiego, Wiesława Stypuły i Franciszka Herzoga – kolegów z uchodźczego Osiedla dla polskich dzieci w Balachadi w Indiach – którzy ze znacznej perspektywy czasowej patrzą na ten etap swojego tułaczego dzieciństwa i go „interpretują”. Wyeksponowane zostały walory tych – odmiennych w sposobie opracowania „materiału pamięci” – tekstów, świadectw dokumentujących ważny fragment osobistych biografii i polskich dziejów.
„Emigrantka z emigracji”. 39 lat pobytu Alicji Iwańskiej w Stanach Zjednoczonych w świetle pamiętnika „Potyczki i przymierza”
Authors: Wal Anna
Published: October 2022

Artykuł został poświęcony obrazowi emigracji, jaki w pamiętniku Potyczki i przymierza (1993), a ściślej w części zatytułowanej Ameryka (1946–1985), przedstawiła Alicja Iwańska, polska pisarka, socjolożka, przez wiele lat pracująca w amerykańskich uniwersytetach. Ukazany w pamiętniku pobyt na emigracji jego autorki omówiono jako doświadczenie egzystencjalne związane z opuszczeniem kraju urodzenia i próbą zakorzenienia się w nowym miejscu. Przedmiotem uwagi był przebieg adaptacji do nowych warunków w Stanach Zjednoczonych, jego poszczególne etapy oraz proces konstytuowania się emigracyjnej tożsamości narratorki Potyczek i przymierzy, reprezentującej powojenną emigrację inteligencką. Kolejnymi zagadnieniami, które objęto refleksją, był krytyczny stosunek Iwańskiej do Stanów Zjednoczonych, manifestujący się w sposobie opisu tego kraju w pamiętniku, a także dystans do instytucji i organizacji reprezentujących Polaków zamieszkujących Stany Zjednoczone. Do tego ostatniego wątku odnosi się tytuł artykułu – „emigrantka z emigracji”. Interpretacja pamiętnika Potyczki i przymierza prowadzi do wniosku, że jego powstawanie pozwoliło Iwańskiej dokonać uniwersalizacji nie tylko doświadczenia emigracyjnego, ale całego dotychczasowego (wówczas z perspektywy 67 lat) życia i spojrzeć na nie w kategorii losu, czemu dała wyraz w „Prologu”, gdzie swój los określiła jako „łazęgowanie”.
Absolwenci przedwojennej Szkoły im. Sułkowskich w Rydzynie – między patriotycznym obowiązkiem a emigracją
Authors: Tobolska Ewelina
Published: October 2022

W latach 1928–1939 istniało w Polsce męskie Gimnazjum i Liceum im. Sułkowskich w Rydzynie, którego główną ideą było wychowanie nowego pokolenia inteligencji polskiej. Eksperymentalny program Szkoły dążył do uformowania klasy społecznej o wysokich standardach moralnych, odpowiedzialnej za naród i zdolnej do bezinteresownej służby społecznej. Twórcą pedagogicznego programu był Tadeusz Łopuszański, minister oświaty w rządzie Władysław Grabskiego, reformator szkolnictwa polskiego, autor całościowego programu edukacyjno-wychowawczego dla szkół średnich. Wśród znanych absolwentów Szkoły w Rydzynie byli m.in.: prof. Józef Zwisłocki, Konstanty Jeleński, Aleksander Łempicki, Bolesław Biega, Franciszek Walicki, Zbigniew Ścibor-Rylski, prof. Władysław Górski, prof. Zbigniew Tadeusz Wierzbicki, Jan Sosnkowski. Artykuł przybliża sylwetki kilku absolwentów Szkoły, ich historie i emigracyjne zmagania, a także poddaje refleksji czynniki, które doprowadziły do wytworzenia ponadczasowej więzi między uczniami (Rydzyna-Szkoła jako ,,miejsce pamięci”). Opierając się na dostępnych listach, biografiach, wspomnieniach, przedstawiono niezwykłą grupę emigrantów, której spoiwem była Szkoła w Rydzynie. Analizie poddano sytuację wyboru między wpojonym w okresie szkolnym wzorem patriotycznego zachowania a emigracją i życiową realizacją odebranego w Szkole wychowania moralnego.
„O honor” (1950) Jakuba Herziga, (nie)znany dramat na temat powstania w getcie warszawskim
Authors: Gardocki Wiktor
Published: October 2022

W artykule przedstawiono dzieje dramatu pt. O honor…, a także losy jego autora, Jakuba Herziga (1887–1956). Przeżył on Holokaust na ziemiach polskich, bardzo często zmieniając miejsce zamieszkania. Był świadkiem wielu dramatycznych wydarzeń, z których relacje starał się zdać już po wojnie. Pozostawił po sobie kilka obszernych utworów literackich, w tym – prawdopodobnie nigdy niepublikowany w języku polskim – dramat O honor…, podejmujący temat powstania w getcie warszawskim z perspektywy żydowskich bojowców. Utwór jest wprawdzie niedoskonały literacko, jednak niezwykle cenny i interesujący jako świadectwo Zagłady. W artykule opisano także inne utwory Herziga, przekazane w postaci maszynopisów do Jad Waszem. Część z nich ukazała się później w Nowym Jorku i Tel Awiwie.
Na marginesie książki o nagrobku serca króla Jana Kazimierza w Paryżu
Authors: Skrodzka Agnieszka
Published: October 2022

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„Studium utraconej nadziei”. Stanowisko polskich uchodźców politycznych na forum Zgromadzenia Europejskich Narodów Ujarzmionych (ACEN) wobec wydarzeń w Polsce w 1956 roku
Authors: Mazurkiewicz Anna
Published: October 2022

Artykuł zawiera analizę wypowiedzi polskich uchodźców politycznych na forum Zgromadzenia Europejskich Narodów Ujarzmionych (ACEN) związanych z wydarzeniami w Polsce w 1956 roku. Zarówno wielonarodowy charakter ACEN, jak i specyficzne uwarunkowania działalności politycznej prowadzonej na obczyźnie w ramach współpracy z amerykańskim Komitetem Wolnej Europy (KWE) sprawiają, że analiza stanowiska Polaków na forum tej organizacji musi być przeprowadzona z uwzględnieniem kontekstu, na który składają się dwa elementy: ponadnarodowy (regionalna reprezentacja ujarzmionych) i międzynarodowy (zimnowojenna konfrontacja). Reakcja ACEN na represje wobec buntujących się robotników w Poznaniu, a następnie formułowana i konfrontowana na forum ACEN reakcja na polski Październik, stosunek do Gomułki, stanowią przedmiot zainteresowania autorki. Choć w dziejach ACEN, rok 1956 to przede wszystkim reakcja i działania związane z powstaniem węgierskim, kontynuowane aż do końca działalności Zgromadzenia, to właśnie sprawa udzielenia popaździernikowej Polsce pomocy gospodarczej stanowiła przedmiot pierwszych poważnych kontrowersji politycznych na forum ACEN, ale także w relacjach z finansującym jego działalność KWE.
„Czarodziej ludzkich dusz”. Zdzisław Ruszkowski (1907–1991)
Authors: Czeczot-Gawrak Jacek
Published: October 2022

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Dysphoric milk ejection reflex as a new diagnostic and therapeutic challenge in lactation care - literature review
Authors: Skowrońska Katarzyna , Chmura Anna , Baciur Patrycja , Środoń Agnieszka
Published: October 2022

Introduction and purpose of the work: Breastfeeding has many health benefits. The guidelines recommend breastfeeding up to 6 months of age. Many mothers stop breastfeeding early, one reason being the dysphoric ejection reflex (D-MER). It is a negative emotional reaction related to the ejection of milk.

State of knowledge : D-MER has been known to science for a short time. Breastfeeding depends on many psychological factors and is regulated by many hormones, including prolactin, oxytocin, and dopamine. A sudden drop in dopamine levels is believed to be the cause of this phenomenon. The main symptoms include dysphoria, sadness, irritability, anxiety and depression. There are no registered preparations for the treatment of D-MER, psychotherapy and lifestyle changes are helpful.

Summary: It is important to disseminate knowledge about D-MER to help mothers understand their breastfeeding processes. More research should be done into the safe treatment of this condition.
Removing Out-of-Condition Grain: An Exploration and Documentation of Existing Strategies
Authors: Issa Salah F. , Gaither Daniel , Raza Mian Muhammad Sajid , Lee John , Field William E.
Published: October 2022

Highlights

Different approaches used to handle out-of-condition grain can be split into three broad categories: outfitting, outside, and inside the bin.

A total of 21 strategies to handle out-of-condition grain are documented in this article.

Outside the bin strategies are split into four categories: grain handling solutions, rodding, force-based solutions, and alternate grain extraction methods.

Abstract. Grain entrapments remain a major concern in the grain storage and handling industry. Even with the adoption of safer technology, enhanced enforcement of OSHA regulations, and considerable investment in training and outreach efforts, grain entrapments continue to occur in significant numbers. The most significant contributing factor to grain entrapment is the presence of out-of-condition grain. A better understanding of existing strategies employed to remove out-of-condition grain from storage is important to provide evidence-based solutions to reduce the perceived need to enter grain storage structures and the grain entrapment associated with this activity. A review of existing strategies for handling out-of-condition grain used previously by farmers and workers with experience in grain storage facilities was conducted. Training programs, extension resources, and published research were reviewed to document existing strategies to remove out-of-condition grain. These strategies were split into three broad categories: outfitting the bin, outside of the bin, and inside the bin. A total of 21 strategies were documented. Each of the strategies was defined and, where possible, the risks and benefits were discussed. The study highlights the importance of researching the safety and effectiveness of each of these strategies in various out-of-condition grain situations and the lack of available knowledge of the effectiveness of each strategy. Keywords: Engulfment, Entrapment, Inside the bin strategies, Outfitting the bin strategies, Out-of-condition grains, Outside the bin strategies, Spoiled grains, Storage.
Extended Technology Acceptance Model (TAM2) to Understand Decision Making for Grain Bin Hazards Among Texas Farmers
Authors: London Cara , Moore Janie McClurkin
Published: October 2022

Highlights

Hazard exposure is not enough to catalyze adoption of grain bin temperature probes.

Perceived ease of use significantly influenced farm technology adoption among Texas farmers.

Demonstrated that low barriers to access and configuration into current farm operations will increase adoption of life-saving technologies.

ABSTRACT.This research aimed to understand the profile of temperature probe adopters as compared to non-adopters in the context of preventing grain bin deaths. Our analysis is based on a unique data set obtained from a survey of 54 farmers from Texas. The survey was built using the TAM2 model as a foundation. We employed standard regression models to identify factors that contributed to the adoption of temperature probes among other technologies. We found that hazard exposure was not a predictor for temperature probe adoption. Network relationships also did not significantly influence adoption. Technology adoption was predicted by six perceptions: subjective norms, image (status), quality of the technology, access to the technology, access to information about the technology, and compatibility. The findings of this study suggest that instead of the current safety advice used to convince farmers to use grain bin probes, stakeholders should inform them about the direct positive results of using the probes. Current campaigns against grain bin entrapment should emphasize through demonstration the benefits of grain bin probes on stored grain products. Although extension and private offices may not directly impact the final decision making, they should seriously consider expending the effort to lower the barrier to access to positively influence the adoption rate. Keywords: Adoption, Agricultural extension, Behavior model, Decision making factors, Grain entrapment, Grain quality, Safety, TAM2, Technology.
A Test of Social Cognitive Theory to Increase Hearing Protection Use in Swine Buildings
Authors: Rudolphi Josie , Campo Shelly , Janssen Brandi , Ramirez Marizen , Wang Kai , Rohlman Diane
Published: October 2022

Highlights

Almost 50% of participants reported engaging with the smartphone app Habitbull daily.

Access to high-quality hearing protection devices may be enough to change behaviors towards hearing protection device use among young adults.

Abstract. Farming ranks among the top occupations for which workers are at risk for noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL), an irreversible yet preventable condition. Hearing Protection Devices (HPDs) (i.e., earmuffs and ear plugs) are effective at preventing exposure to noise; however, few farmers report consistent use.The purpose of this study was to test an intervention based on Social Cognitive Theory with interactive smartphone technology to increase the use of HPDs among swine facility workers.A pilot, quasi-experimental study was implemented among 72 younger adult swine workers. Participants were randomly assigned to one of three groups. Group 1 received HPDs (e.g., earmuffs and ear plugs). Group 2 received the same HPDs as Group 1 and was also instructed to use a smartphone application to track their use of hearing protection for 60 days. Group 3 received the HPDs and instructions on using a smartphone app for tracking the use of hearing protection and setting daily goals for hearing protection use. Use of hearing protection was assessed via an online survey prior to the intervention (i.e., “baseline”), immediately after the post-intervention, and at a 3-month follow-up.

Compared to baseline use, all three groups reported increased use of hearing protection immediately post-intervention. However, this increase was not maintained at a 3-month follow-up for two of the study groups. Group 3 (HPD, tracking, and goal-setting app) showed the greatest increase in the use of HPDs from baseline to immediate post-intervention; however, Group 1 (HPD only) showed the greatest sustained increase from baseline to the 3-month follow-up. Modifying the environment by supplying HPDs was effective in increasing HPD use among swine facility workers. Improving access to hearing protection devices alone may lead to sustained changes in behavior. Keywords: Agricultural safety and health, Hearing protection, Noise-induced hearing loss, Young adult workers.
Devolved health system capacity in the provision of care for sick newborns and young infants in four counties serving vulnerable populations in Kenya
Authors: Gitaka Jesse , Mbugua Samuel , Mwaura Peter , Gatungu Daniel , Githanga David , Ndwiga Charity , Abuya Timothy , K’Oduol Kezia , Liambila Wilson , Were Fred
Published: October 2022

Possible severe bacterial infections (PSBI) is one of the three leading causes of newborn and young infant mortality globally that can be prevented by timely diagnosis and treatment using suitable antibiotics. High impact interventions such as use of out-patient injectable gentamicin and dispersible Amoxicillin with community-based follow up have been shown to reduce mortality in clinical trials. The objective of this study was to assess the health systems’ preparedness and organizational gaps that may impact execution in providing care for newborns and sick young infants. This formative research study was embedded within a three-year implementation research project in 4 Counties in Kenya. The indicators were based on facility audits for existing capacity to care for newborns and young infants as well as County organizational capacity assessment. The organizational capacity assessment domains were derived from the World Health Organization’s Health Systems Building blocks for health service delivery. The scores were computed by adding average scores in each domain and calculated against the total possible scores to generate a percentage outcome. Statistical analyses were descriptive with adjustment for clustering of data. Overall, the Counties have inadequate organizational capacity for management of sick young infants with Organizational Capacity Index scores of between 61–64%. Among the domains, the highest score was in Health Management Information System and service delivery. The lowest scores were in monitoring and evaluation (M&E). Counties scored relatively low scores in human resources for health and health products and commodities with one scoring poorly for both areas while the rest scored average performance. The four counties revealed varying levels of organizational capacity deficit to effectively manage sick young infants. The key underlying issues for the below par performance include poor coordination, low funding, inadequate supportive supervision, and M&E to enable data utilisation for quality improvement. It was evident that newborn and young infant health services suffer from inadequate infrastructure, equipment, staffing, and coordination. As Kenya, continuously rolls out the guidelines on management of sick young infants, there is need to focus attention to these challenges to enhance sustainable adoption and reduction of young infant morbidity and mortality.
Livestock and rodents within an endemic focus of Visceral Leishmaniasis are not reservoir hosts for Leishmania donovani
Authors: Kushwaha Anurag Kumar , Shukla Ashish , Scorza Breanna M. , Kumari Rai Tulika , Chaubey Rahul , Kumar Maurya Dharmendra , Srivastva Shweta , Upadhyay Shreya , Kumar Singh Abhishek , Malviya Paritosh , Singh Om Prakash , Kumar Scholar Vivek , Tiwary Puja , Singh Shakti Kumar , Lawyer Phillip , Rowton Edgar , Bernhardt Scott A. , Petersen Christine A. , Sundar Shyam
Published: October 2022

Leishmaniasis on the Indian subcontinent is thought to have an anthroponotic transmission cycle. There is no direct evidence that a mammalian host other than humans can be infected with Leishmania donovani and transmit infection to the sand fly vector. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact of sand fly feeding on other domestic species and provide clinical evidence regarding possible non-human reservoirs through experimental sand fly feeding on cows, water buffalo goats and rodents. We performed xenodiagnosis using colonized Phlebotomus argentipes sand flies to feed on animals residing in villages with active Leishmania transmission based on current human cases. Xenodiagnoses on mammals within the endemic area were performed and blood-fed flies were analyzed for the presence of Leishmania via qPCR 48hrs after feeding. Blood samples were also collected from these mammals for qPCR and serology. Although we found evidence of Leishmania infection within some domestic mammals, they were not infectious to vector sand flies. Monitoring infection in sand flies and non-human blood meal sources in endemic villages leads to scientific proof of exposure and parasitemia in resident mammals. Lack of infectiousness of these domestic mammals to vector sand flies indicates that they likely play no role, or a very limited role in Leishmania donovani transmission to people in Bihar. Therefore, a surveillance system in the peri-/post-elimination phase of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) must monitor absence of transmission. Continued surveillance of domestic mammals in outbreak villages is necessary to ensure that a non-human reservoir is not established, including domestic mammals not present in this study, specifically dogs.
Stable carbon isotopes of woods during carbonization and their correlation with climatic factors
Authors: Luo Fan , Sun Nan , Li Xiabo , Guo Junfeng , Xiao Liang , Lei Peng
Published: October 2022

To explore the applicability of the carbon isotope composition (δ13C) of fossil charcoal for the quantitative reconstruction of paleoclimates, we selected five points in Shaanxi province, from north to south, to collect modern Pinus species and Quercus species to sample covering areas with obvious climatic differences. In order to reveal the relationships between δ13C of charcoal and climate variables on the basis of carbonization experiments, we evaluated the fractionation mechanism of δ13C of charcoal, and compared the differences between δ13C of charcoal in wildfire experiments and indoor experiments regarding genera and species. The results showed significant differences in δ13C between genera but no significant differences among species. Additionally, the δ13C of charcoal was significantly negatively correlated with precipitation and positively correlated with evaporation, which could be determined from δ13C values in the study area to reconstruct ancient precipitation and evaporation in the future.
Identification of miRNA–mRNA–TFs regulatory network and crucial pathways involved in asthma through advanced systems biology approaches
Authors: Shaik Noor Ahmad , Nasser Khalidah , Mohammed Arif , Mujalli Abdulrahman , Obaid Ahmad A. , El‐Harouni Ashraf A. , Elango Ramu , Banaganapalli Babajan
Published: October 2022

Asthma is a life-threatening and chronic inflammatory lung disease that is posing a true global health challenge. The genetic basis of the disease is fairly well examined. However, the molecular crosstalk between microRNAs (miRNAs), target genes, and transcription factors (TFs) networks and their contribution to disease pathogenesis and progression is not well explored. Therefore, this study was aimed at dissecting the molecular network between mRNAs, miRNAs, and TFs using robust computational biology approaches. The transcriptomic data of bronchial epithelial cells of severe asthma patients and healthy controls was studied by different systems biology approaches like differentially expressed gene detection, functional enrichment, miRNA-target gene pairing, and mRNA-miRNA-TF molecular networking. We detected the differential expression of 1703 (673 up-and 1030 down-regulated) genes and 71 (41 up-and 30 down-regulated) miRNAs in the bronchial epithelial cells of asthma patients. The DEGs were found to be enriched in key pathways like IL-17 signaling (KEGG: 04657), Th1 and Th2 cell differentiation (KEGG: 04658), and the Th17 cell differentiation (KEGG: 04659) (p-values = 0.001). The results from miRNAs-target gene pairs-transcription factors (TFs) have detected the key roles of 3 miRs (miR-181a-2-3p; miR-203a-3p; miR-335-5p), 6 TFs (TFAM, FOXO1, GFI1, IRF2, SOX9, and HLF) and 32 miRNA target genes in eliciting autoimmune reactions in bronchial epithelial cells of the respiratory tract. Through systemic implementation of comprehensive system biology tools, this study has identified key miRNAs, TFs, and miRNA target gene pairs as potential tissue-based asthma biomarkers.
Determinants of incomplete childhood immunization among children aged 12–23 months in Dabat district, Northwest Ethiopia: Unmatched case- control study
Authors: Boke Moges Muluneh , Tenaw Getaw , Berhe Neamin M. , Tiruneh Woynhareg Kassa
Published: October 2022

Background

Despite the effort to increase access to routine immunization, majority of children in low-resource countries including Ethiopia are still either unvaccinated or under-vaccinated. In Ethiopia for the past four decades, the completion rate of routine childhood immunization remains low particularly in a rural area. In this study setting, evidence regarding the socio-economic, maternal continuum care, and caregiver characteristics effect on child immunization is limited. Hence, this study aimed to identify the determinants of incomplete vaccination among children aged 12–23 months in Dabat district, Northwest Ethiopia.

Methods

A community-based unmatched case-control study design was employed among 132 cases and 262 controls. Multi-stage sampling method was used to recruit eligible study participants. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the determinants to children’s incomplete vaccination.

Results

Caregivers’ attitude towards vaccine (AOR: 6.1, 95% CI 3.4 to 11.1), knowledge on the schedule of vaccination (AOR: 4, 95% CI 2.2 to 7.1), Place of delivery (AOR: 2.7, 95% CI 1.3 to 5.5), and marital status (AOR: 2.36, 95% CI 1.22 to 4.56) were statistically significant association with incomplete childhood vaccination.

Conclusion

Home delivery, caregivers’ poor knowledge on the schedule of vaccination, caregivers’ negative perception towards vaccine and unmarried marital status were predictors to incomplete vaccination. Therefore, to enhance full vaccination coverage, immunization health education program needs to address vaccine related safety enquiries in a meaningful method to caregivers, in order to improve the perception of caregivers towards vaccine. Moreover, improving maternal continuum care coverage is crucial.
Human knowledge models: Learning applied knowledge from the data
Authors: Dudyrev Egor , Semenkov Ilia , Kuznetsov Sergei O. , Gusev Gleb , Sharp Andrew , Pianykh Oleg S.
Published: October 2022

Artificial intelligence and machine learning have demonstrated remarkable results in science and applied work. However, present AI models, developed to be run on computers but used in human-driven applications, create a visible disconnect between AI forms of processing and human ways of discovering and using knowledge. In this work, we introduce a new concept of “Human Knowledge Models” (HKMs), designed to reproduce human computational abilities. Departing from a vast body of cognitive research, we formalized the definition of HKMs into a new form of machine learning. Then, by training the models with human processing capabilities, we learned human-like knowledge, that humans can not only understand, but also compute, modify, and apply. We used several datasets from different applied fields to demonstrate the advantages of HKMs, including their high predictive power and resistance to noise and overfitting. Our results proved that HKMs can efficiently mine knowledge directly from the data and can compete with complex AI models in explaining the main data patterns. As a result, our study reveals the great potential of HKMs, particularly in the decision-making applications where “black box” models cannot be accepted. Moreover, this improves our understanding of how well human decision-making, modeled by HKMs, can approach the ideal solutions in real-life problems.