bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nghiên cứu giải pháp thiết kế các cấu kiện hố trồng cây bằng bê tông cốt thép có khả năng thu thoát nước mưa cho đường phố đô thị
Authors: Tân Nguyễn Ngọc , Phương Nguyễn Việt , Đức Ngô Việt , Minh Phan Quang
Published: October 2020

Nghiên cứu này giới thiệu giải pháp thiết kế hố trồng cây bằng kết cấu bê tông cốt thép có khả năng thu thoát nước mưa cho đường phố đô thị. Ba loại cấu kiện hố trồng cây đã được đề xuất, đó là: (i) hố trồng cây dạng đơn không đáy, (ii) hố trồng cây kết hợp hố ga thu nước đặt trên vỉa hè, (iii) hố trồng cây kết hợp hố ga thu nước đặt dưới đường. Hố trồng cây được thiết kế với các kích thước điển hình (chiều dài × chiều rộng × chiều cao) lần lượt là 1200 × 1200 × 900 mm, 1400 × 1400 × 1100 mm và 1600 × 1600 × 1200 mm. Một cấu kiện hố trồng cây dạng đơn không đáy đã được chế tạo bằng bê tông có cấp độ bền B30 và lưới thép Φ6a80 để ứng dụng thử nghiệm vào thực tế. Trên đường phố đô thị, các kết cấu hố trồng cây được kết nối với hệ thống thoát nước, cho phép cải thiện khả năng thoát nước mưa và hoạt động như một bể thấm lọc sinh học.

Từ khóa:

hố trồng cây; bê tông cốt thép; hệ thống thoát nước bền vững; đường phố đô thị.
Chẩn đoán hư hỏng trong kết cấu tấm sử dụng phương pháp năng lượng biến dạng kết hợp với thuật toán di truyền
Authors: Cao Lê Thanh , Sỹ Bạch Văn , Duy Hồ Đức
Published: October 2020

Bài báo này đề xuất một phương pháp chẩn đoán hư hỏng về cả vị trí và mức độ của hư hỏng cho kết cấu tấm thông qua quy trình chẩn đoán hai bước. Trong bước thứ nhất, chỉ tiêu dựa vào sự thay đổi của năng lượng biến dạng “Modal Strain Energy Damage Index – MSEDI” được sử dụng để chẩn đoán vị trí của hư hỏng. Giá trị năng lượng biến dạng được xác định từ kết quả phân tích dao động của kết cấu tấm ở hai trạng thái trước và sau khi xuất hiện hư hỏng. Trong bước thứ hai, thuật toán di truyền được sử dụng để cực tiểu hóa hàm mục tiêu với biến số là véc-tơ mức độ suy giảm chiều dày của các phần tử có khả năng xảy ra hư hỏng đã được cảnh báo từ bước thứ nhất. Hàm mục tiêu được sử dụng cũng dựa trên giá trị năng lượng biến dạng. Tính hiệu quả của phương pháp đề xuất được khảo sát và đánh giá thông qua bài toán tấm với các kịch bản hư hỏng khác nhau. Kết quả phân tích cho thấy, phương pháp đề xuất có khả năng chẩn đoán chính xác sự xuất hiện, vị trí và độ lớn của hư hỏng trong kết cấu tấm.

Từ khóa:

chẩn đoán hư hỏng; dao động; kết cấu tấm; năng lượng biến dạng; thuật toán di truyền.
Frühkindliche Wahrnehmung von Geschlechterdarstellungen beim gemeinsamen Lesen eines Bilderbuchs
Authors: Burghardt Lars , Hemmerich Fabian , Mues Anna
Published: October 2020

Bilderbücher sind ein fester Bestandteil in der frühen Kindheit und leisten einen Beitrag dazu, Heranwachsende mit Normen und Werten der Gesellschaft vertraut zu machen. (Un-)bewusst werden so auch Vorstellungen von Geschlecht vermittelt. Insbesondere im Kindergartenalter entwickeln Kinder Annahmen darüber, was einen „Jungen“ und ein „Mädchen“ ausmacht. Untersuchungen zu Geschlechterdarstellungen in Bilderbüchern zeigen, dass diese meist traditionellen Klischees entsprechen. Über die kindliche Wahrnehmung von Geschlecht liegt vergleichsweise wenig aktuelles Forschungswissen vor. Der vorliegende Beitrag geht dieser Frage nach und untersucht die kindliche Wahrnehmung von Geschlechterdarstellungen beim gemeinsamen Lesen eines „untypischen“ Bilderbuchs bei 43 Kindern im Kindergartenalter. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass viele der Kinder flexible Vorstellungen von männlichen und weiblichen Verhaltensweisen haben und es beispielsweise als selbstverständlich ansehen, dass auch Männer nähen oder Kinder trösten können. Andere Faktoren, wie das „Erwachsen sein“ oder Kompetent sein“ von Figuren, spielen für die kindliche Wahrnehmung teils eine größere Rolle als deren Geschlecht. Die Ergebnisse werden diskutiert und in den Forschungsstand eingebettet.
Mentalisieren als Voraussetzung für feinfühliges Verhalten von pädagogischen Fachkräften: Methodenentwicklung und Ergebnisse einer Pilotstudie
Authors: Mayer Daniela , Berkic Julia , Beckh Kathrin
Published: October 2020

Ziel des vorliegenden Projektes ist es, ein Interview zu entwickeln, das die mentalisierenden Fähigkeiten von pädagogischen Fachkräften im Hinblick auf ihre Beziehung zum Kind erfasst. Der vorliegende Beitrag stellt die Instrumentenentwicklung und die Ergebnisse der Pilotstudie dar. Den inhaltlichen Schwerpunkt des Interviews bildet die Nähe-Distanz-Regulation in der Beziehung zum Kind (Bindungs- Explorations-Balance). Der auf Grundlage des Parent Development Interviews (PDI) entwickelte halbstrukturierte Interviewleitfaden des ErzieherIn-Entwicklungs-Interviews (EEI) sowie die für den Kontext der Kindertagesbetreuung adaptierten Auswertungsmanuale nach der Reflective Functioning Scale (RF) und des Assessments of Representational Risk (ARR; z.B. Feindseligkeit, Hilflosigkeit, unterstützende Präsenz) wurden anhand von N=12 pädagogischen Fachkräften pilotiert. Die Ergebnisse der Pilotierung deuten darauf hin, dass das entwickelte Interview dafür geeignet ist, eine breite Varianz an Fähigkeiten zum Mentalisieren (RF) und Beziehungsrepräsentationen (ARR) von pädagogischen Fachkräften erfassen zu können. Erste Ergebnisse zu Zusammenhängen zwischen den Fähigkeiten zum Mentalisieren von pädagogischen Fachkräften und verschiedenen Aspekten der Beziehungsrepräsentation geben Hinweise auf die Konstruktvalidität des Instrumentes. Abschließend wird der neue methodische Zugang auf der Ebene der Repräsentationen für den Bereich der Frühpädagogik diskutiert und ein Ausblick auf die weiteren Forschungsfragen des Projektes gegeben, die im Rahmen der Hauptstudie untersuchten werden.
Computer Chess and Chess Computers in East Germany
Authors: Althöfer Ingo
Published: October 2020

After World War II, Germany was split into four occupation zones, from which two states arose in 1949: West Germany (officially called FRG) and East Germany (officially GDR). East Germany was under Soviet control until 1989. In both states, computer chess and chess computers followed interesting, but rather different paths. We give an overview of East German developments: on commercial chess computers, problem chess programs, the book of 1987, the Serfling tournaments, and correspondence chess pioneer Heinrich Burger. There exist important interrelations between topics. The starting point is a short description of the Cold War situation with its harsh economic consequences for the socialist states, including East Germany.
Interaction Between BDNF Val66Met and APOE4 on Biomarkers of Alzheimer’s Disease and Cognitive Decline
Authors: Stonnington Cynthia M. , Velgos Stefanie N. , Chen Yinghua , Syed Sameena , Huentelman Matt , Thiyyagura Pradeep , Lee Wendy , Richholt Ryan , Caselli Richard J. , Locke Dona E.C. , Lu Bai , Reiman Eric M. , Su Yi , Chen Kewei
Published: October 2020

Background: Whether brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) Met carriage impacts the risk or progression of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is unknown. Objective: To evaluate the interaction of BDNF Met and APOE4 carriage on cerebral metabolic rate for glucose (CMRgl), amyloid burden, hippocampus volume, and cognitive decline among cognitively unimpaired (CU) adults enrolled in the Arizona APOE cohort study. Methods: 114 CU adults (mean age 56.85 years, 38% male) with longitudinal FDG PET, magnetic resonance imaging, and cognitive measures were BDNF and APOE genotyped. A subgroup of 58 individuals also had Pittsburgh B (PiB) PET imaging. We examined baseline CMRgl, PiB PET amyloid burden, CMRgl, and hippocampus volume change over time, and rate of change in cognition over an average of 15 years. Results: Among APOE4 carriers, BDNF Met carriers had significantly increased amyloid deposition and accelerated CMRgl decline in regions typically affected by AD, but without accompanying acceleration of cognitive decline or hippocampal volume changes and with higher baseline frontal CMRgl and slower frontal decline relative to the Val/Val group. The BDNF effects were not found among APOE4 non-carriers. Conclusion: Our preliminary studies suggest that there is a weak interaction between BDNF Met and APOE4 on amyloid-β plaque burden and longitudinal PET measurements of AD-related CMRgl decline in cognitively unimpaired late-middle-aged and older adults, but with no apparent effect upon rate of cognitive decline. We suggest that cognitive effects of BDNF variants may be mitigated by compensatory increases in frontal brain activity—findings that would need to be confirmed in larger studies.
The effect of permanent magnet position on axial and radial load capability in axial hybrid magnetic bearing
Authors: Zhang Yunpeng , Wang Houfu , Gao Shuning , Liu Shuqin
Published: October 2020

The axial and radial load capacity of axial hybrid magnetic bearing (HMB) is critical for the magnetic levitation system. In this paper, the effect of permanent magnet (PM) position on axial and radial magnetic force and stiffness in axial HMB is investigated. Six different configurations are considered and the equivalent magnetic circuits of HMBs for each configuration is built and studied based on the distribution of magnetic field and magnetic leakage. The dependence of axial and radial magnetic force and stiffness on the axial displacement, radial displacement and control current is calculated and investigated for different configurations. To validate the calculated results, the axial and radial magnetic forces for each configuration are simulated by finite element method. A good agreement between the calculated and simulated results validated the proposed magnetic circuit models.
Design and development of wireless power transfer system for implantable cardioverter defibrillator
Authors: Aditya Kuragayala , Bobba Phaneendra Babu , Satyavani Yadlapalli
Published: October 2020

Wireless power transfer system is playing an important role in biomedical applications by transferring power wirelessly to the implants present in the body. In this paper, magnetic coupling resonance wireless power transfer system is used to recharge battery of implantable cardioverter defibrillator. The proposed system operates at 300 KHz frequency. The LCC-C compensation topology is used to tune the coils for operating the system at stable resonant frequency and to obtain higher efficiency. In this paper, we have investigated the performance of different coil structures in multiple layer configurations and we offer recommendations on the best suitable configuration for effective transfer of power.
Lie group analysis method for the transverse shift of electromagnetic wave on interface of media
Authors: Mingliang Zheng
Published: October 2020

The spin Hall effect of electromagnetic wave has important application prospects in the fields of Optical-electromechanical conversion, condensed matter and high energy physics. Based on the Euler–Lagrange equations of electromagnetic field by four-dimensional covariation, a deflection model of electromagnetic wave reflecting and refracting on interface of media is established in this paper. By using Lie group analysis method, the allowable infinitesimal symmetries, conserved quantities of partial differential equations and motion equation of energy center are derived. More importantly, their detailed analytical expressions and properties are given. The content of this paper can reveal the mechanism and influencing factors for transverse shift of the electromagnetic wave energy center, and provide a powerful theoretical basis for the numerical simulation of nonlinear photoelectric wave equation and spin regulation.
Role of 5G network technology and artificial intelligence for research and reform of english situational teaching in higher vocational colleges
Authors: Gao Xiaoru
Published: October 2020

In order to study the role of English situational teaching in higher vocational colleges, based on information technology and artificial intelligence, this research combines with the needs of English teaching to construct a English situation teaching in higher vocational colleges with the support of 5G network technology and artificial intelligence. Moreover, this research builds a data processing model based on the system architecture diagram of cache placement, uses storage space and computing resources to save more backhaul link bandwidth, and adopts the “many to many” algorithm extended by the “one to many” algorithm, and uses the on-demand method to obtain scenario teaching data from the cloud. In addition, this research constructs the intermediate link of data processing, and uses 5G network transmission to solve the problem of data transmission speed. Finally, this study uses a controlled experiment to evaluate the effectiveness of the artificial intelligence teaching model constructed in this study. The research shows that the English situation teaching method based on 5G network technology and artificial intelligence in vocational colleges has a certain effect and can effectively improve the English scores of vocational college students.
Intravenous ranitidine injection and risk of cardiac arrest: Medication errors
Authors: Russom Mulugeta , Tesfai Dawit , Solomon Ghebrenegus Amon , Debesai Merhawi , Kifle Habtom , Bahta Iyassu
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND: Ranitidine injection is not well-known to cause cardiac arrest except in few published case reports. The Eritrean Pharmacovigilance Centre received four cases of cardiac arrest associated with ranitidine injection. OBJECTIVE: To assess the causal relationship between cardiac arrest and ranitidine, and to identify possible risk factors. METHODS: This is a descriptive case series assessment of cardiac arrest associated with ranitidine and data was mined to supplement the cases from the WHO global database of individual case safety reports. RESULTS: In all cases, ranitidine injection was administered fast IV bolus without proper dilution and the outcome was fatal in three. All patients encountered cardiac arrest within 20 minutes of intravenous use. Causality was found to be probable in two cases and possible in the other two. Cardiac arrest could have been prevented in all cases. On top of this, from the WHO global database, 185 cases of cardiac arrest and cardio-pulmonary arrest associated with ranitidine were retrieved and 49.7% were fatal. In 40% of the cases, ranitidine was reported as a single suspect. In 36 cases, cardiac arrest resolved following withdrawal of ranitidine and reaction recurred in one case after re-introduction of the product. CONCLUSION: There appears a causal link between ranitidine and cardiac arrest, possibly related to medication errors that warrants immediate attention from healthcare professionals.
Numerical Simulation on Stress Measurement with Eddy Current Thermography
Authors: Deng Shuwen , Yang Suixian , Yao Yong
Published: October 2020

Stress in components will lead to the change of material properties and even failure. Therefore, the assessment for the stress state of components is play an important role in testing industry. As a non-contact and multi-physical field nondestructive testing method, eddy current thermography (ECT) can be applied to detect non-homogeneous electromagnetic characteristics parameter distribution in conductive materials. Internal stress and its distribution in a material will affect the value of electromagnetic characteristic parameters. If induction current applied on conductive material, the Joule’s heat, which generate in the sample will lead to the temperature rise on the surface of the specimen by induction heating process. The temperature distribution on the specimen surface can be recorded by infra camera and stored as IR images or videos. The feature of the temperature distribution and its variation can be used to express the stress state in the specimen. It is concluded that there is an approximate linear relationship between the surface temperature appreciation and the loading force when the excitation source condition remains unchanged.
Tensor Based Finite Element Model for the Calculation of Leakage Field in Magnetic Flux Leakage Testing
Authors: Alimey Fred John , Bai Libing , Cheng Yuhua
Published: October 2020

Magnetic flux leakage (MFL) testing is a widely used electromagnetic nondestructive testing (ENDT) method, which has the ability to detect both surface and sub-surface defects in conductive materials. One of its best features is its ability to mathematically model field leakage from the defect area in a magnetized material. In this paper, we propose an optimized FEM model using geometrical weighted tensor (TBFEM), for the calculation of leakage field in MFL. This model using the Einstein’s convention eliminates the bulky nature of traditional FEM based on its matrix algebra formation allowing for easy implementation and fast calculations. The proposed model achieves this by reducing the set of matrix equations into a single equation using suffixes which can then be solved with regular mathematical operations.
Study on the Mechanism and Application of Applying Magnetic Barkhausen Noise to Evaluate Dislocation Density and Plastic Deformation
Authors: Kang Xueliang , Dong Shiyun , Wang Hongbin , Liu Xiaoting , Yan Shixing
Published: October 2020

Seven specimens of 45 steel with different residual strains were prepared by homogeneous plastic tensile test. The microstructure of the specimens was observed by scanning electron microscopy and the texture characteristics of the specimens were studied by X-ray diffraction. The results showed that plastic deformation mainly leads to dislocation increment in the microstructure rather than obvious deformed grain morphology, texture and residual stress. Then the dislocation density of each sample was calculated by X-ray diffraction method. The MBN signals of the samples were tested by magnetic Barkhausen noise method and the corresponding RMS (root mean square) values were calculated. The results showed that the dislocation density increases and the RMS value decreases with the increase of plastic deformation magnitude, the phenomenon was explained deeply. By establishing the correlation between dislocation density and RMS value, it was found that there was a good linear relationship between dislocation density and RMS value. According to the formula provided by the fitting curve, the dislocation density can be predicted by measuring the RMS value of any degree of plastic deformation.
Application of Compressed Sensing in NB-IoT-Based Structural Health Monitoring of Rail Tracks
Authors: Li Xin , Yan Yan , Hua Pan , Zhang Qing , Wang Haitao , Wang Chao , Chen Yifan , Tian Guiyun
Published: October 2020

Ultrasonic guided-wave testing is one of the most widely used technology for Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) of rail tracks. Currently, cable is the main tool of signal transmission for guided wave-based track monitoring systems. The installation of cables can significantly increase the system cost and restrict the flexibility of system deployment. In recent years, the NB-IoT technology has been gradually appï£¡ied to the field of SHM, it offers long-range wireless communication among a large-scale sensor networks at the cost of minimum construction and maintenance. One primary obstacle hindering the integration of NB-IoT and guided wave-based track monitoring system is that the limited channel bandwidth of NB-IoT leads to significant transmission delay when transmitting the ultrasonic guided-wave signal sampled at Nyquist rate. In this paper, a Compressed Sensing (CS) framework for NB-IoT based rail-track monitoring system is proposed. The proposed CS framework utilizes the sparsity feature of the ultrasonic lamb-wave signal to enable sub-Nyquist sampling and maintain the feature of the measured signal at a low compression rate. To validate the proposed CS framework, the propagation time of lamb-wave is selected as the performance metrics. The experimental results show that compared with the traditional sampling method, the propagation time of lamb wave in rail track can be accurately extracted when the sampling rate is set to 100kHz, therefore, the channel bandwidth of NB-IoT can meet the delay-free data transmission of a single ultrasonic sensor.
Low-dose CT reconstruction method based on prior information of normal-dose image
Authors: Chen Zixiang , Zhang Qiyang , Zhou Chao , Zhang Mengxi , Yang Yongfeng , Liu Xin , Zheng Hairong , Liang Dong , Hu Zhanli
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND:

Radiation risk from computed tomography (CT) is always an issue for patients, especially those in clinical conditions in which repeated CT scanning is required. For patients undergoing repeated CT scanning, a low-dose protocol, such as sparse scanning, is often used, and consequently, an advanced reconstruction algorithm is also needed.

OBJECTIVE:

To develop a novel algorithm used for sparse-view CT reconstruction associated with the prior image.

METHODS:

A low-dose CT reconstruction method based on prior information of normal-dose image (PI-NDI) involving a transformed model for attenuation coefficients of the object to be reconstructed and prior information application in the forward-projection process was used to reconstruct CT images from sparse-view projection data. A digital extended cardiac-torso (XCAT) ventral phantom and a diagnostic head phantom were employed to evaluate the performance of the proposed PI-NDI method. The root-mean-square error (RMSE), peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) and mean percent absolute error (MPAE) of the reconstructed images were measured for quantitative evaluation of the proposed PI-NDI method.

RESULTS:

The reconstructed images with sparse-view projection data via the proposed PI-NDI method have higher quality by visual inspection than that via the compared methods. In terms of quantitative evaluations, the RMSE measured on the images reconstructed by the PI-NDI method with sparse projection data is comparable to that by MLEM-TV, PWLS-TV and PWLS-PICCS with fully sampled projection data. When the projection data are very sparse, images reconstructed by the PI-NDI method have higher PSNR values and lower MPAE values than those from the compared algorithms.

CONCLUSIONS:

This study presents a new low-dose CT reconstruction method based on prior information of normal-dose image (PI-NDI) for sparse-view CT image reconstruction. The experimental results validate that the new method has superior performance over other state-of-art methods.
PRAKSIS HUKUM PIDANA DALAM PERLINDUNGAN KONSUMEN
Authors: Arisandy Danil Putra
Published: October 2020

This paper discusses the issue of consumer protection in criminal law, where in the applicable laws and regulations, the inclusion of standard clauses in motor vehicle loan agreements through leasing institutions whose contents are detrimental to consumers has been explicitly prohibited, even in the Consumer Protection Act there is a criminal threat for business actors who violate these provisions. But in practice, motor vehicle financing agreements through leasing still include standard clauses that provide flexibility to act for creditors when there is a problem in installment payments. With law enforcement against violating business actors, it is expected to provide a deterrent effect for business actors.
HUKUMAN CAMBUK TERHADAP KONTROL SOSIAL
Authors: Ferizal Indis
Published: October 2020

Caning applied in Aceh is one of the social controls and the form of punishment is expected to fulfill the philosophical, juridical and sociological tendencies of legal awareness. Caning is one form of punishment that is also expected to foster a lawful attitude and the creation of an orderly society. According to Islamic law that punishment is for the benefit of the Ummah and educate the person of the perpetrator of the crime. Basically It is not easy to do efforts to increase legal awareness and the development of a legal culture in the community without encouragement from individual communities themselves. This should be of particular concern by the government to be more serious in conducting socialization so that legal awareness can be understood and implemented by the public properly.
HUKUMAN HAD BAGI SESEORANG YANG MENYETUBUHI WANITA AJNABIAH MELALUI DUBUR PERSPEKTIF SYAFI’IAH
Authors: Alwin Muhammad
Published: October 2020

This paper discusses the punishment for someone who has intercourse with an ajnabiah woman through the anal perspective of Shafi'iah. Imam Shafi'I himself did not give a direct opinion related to this issue. However, Shafi'i clerics address the problem, where the majority of Shafi'i clerics equate the intercourse done from the rectum with the intercourse done through the rectal female Ajnabiah. The method they use is the qiyas method, which according to them; both (adultery through qubul or rectum) produce lust and both are parts of the body that must be covered and guarded by a woman. Likewise, mandatory bathing for men who put their genitals in one of them (qubul and rectum).
ANALISIS PENGARUH DEPOSITO MUDHARABAH, DAN TABUNGAN MUDHARABAH, TERHADAP PEMBERIAN PEMBIAYAAN UMKM DI BANK SYARIAH INDONESIA
Authors: Husin Bara
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Deposito Mudharabah, dan Tabungan Mudharabah terhadap pemberian pembiayaan UMKM. Sampel yang digunakan adalah Deposito Mudharabah, Tabungan Mudharabah, dan pembiayaan UMKM, dari bulan Januari 2012 sampai Desember 2016. Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan analisis regresi berganda, dengan menggunakan SPSS. Dari hasil penelitian yang dilakukan pada alpha 5%, penulis menyimpulkan bahwa hasil analisis pengaruh Deposito Mudharabah, dan Deposito Mudharabah, terhadap pemberian Pembiayaan UMKM di Bank Syariah, secara bersamaan berepengaruh dengan tingkat alpha 5% dan nilai palue nya adalah 0,00. Sedangkan secara tunggal, variabel Deposito Mudharabah sebesar 0,372 atau 3,72%. Dan variabel Tabungan Mudharabah berpengaruh sebesar 0,528 atau 5,28%. Artinya, Tabungan Mudharabah berpengaruh dominan terhadap pembiayaan UMKM di bank syariah.
ETIKA PERDAGANGAN DALAM AL-QUR’AN
Authors: Mawe Taufik
Published: October 2020

Al-Qur‘an yang merupakan pedoman hidup umat Islam memiliki konsep yang sangat konprehensif (kamil dan syumul). Menetapkan nilai-nilai yang bukan hanya berhubungan dengan hablumminallah, juga hablumminanna,. salah satunya bidang perdagangan. Al-Quran menyebutkan kata perdagangan dalam beberapa kosa kata, tijarah, bai‟ dan syira‟. Beragam derivasi ditemukan dalam al-Qura‘an yang diturunkan dari kosa kata tersebut. Penyebutan ketiga bentuk kata tersebut dalam al-Qur‘an mengandung beragam kandungan makna. Yang salah satunya berhubungan dengan etika dalam melakukan perdagangan. Etika yang ditetapkan dalam al-Quran bertujuan terciptanya keridhaan yang hakiki dalam proses pemenuhan kebutuhan keinginan dalam bentuk perdagangan. Sehingga terhindar dari perdagangan yang ribawi dan zalim. Nilai-nilai yang berdimensi etika dalam al-Qur‘an harus dijadikan prinsip dalam membangun prinsip perdagangan yang berorientasi pada falah.
Kajian Teoritik Terhadap Urgensi Asas Dalam Akad (Kontrak) Syariah
Authors: FILA SITI ZAFILAH FIRDAUSIAH
Published: October 2020

The concept of or in sharia transactions is an important element that regulates and determines the relationship between the economic actors (among others) in a transaction that is related to the contract. Sharia sees the validity of the Akad can be said to be fulfilled if it meets the conditions and pillars of contract. Then, there is a basic principle that can stimulate the contract which is the basis of a foundation, basic, point of decline and footing that serves as a corridor in the creation of the contract as well as a corridor to interpret in resolving treaty disputes. Therefore, the principle becomes very important to be further examined in order to understand the various kinds of akad to make the development of contemporary business Akad and become a reference in making contract. This type of research uses library research. There are principles underlying the creation, enforcement and implementation of sharia contracts that include the principle of ibahah, the principle of freedom of law, the principle of consensualism, the principle of promise binding, the principle of balance, the principle of benefit, the principle of trust, the principle of justice, the principle of personnel, and the written principle.
Pendayagunaan Zakat Untuk Penanggulangan Pandemi Covid-19 Perpektif Filsafat Hukum Islam
Authors: EZ Irfandi , Maisyal Nurul
Published: October 2020

The global pandemic Covid-19 that occurred in Indonesia made people experience a difficult situation that requires assistance in terms of support, material and financial. Zakat as a source of social funds in Islam has a strategic role to meet these needs. This study examines the importance of zakat for tackling the Covid-19 pandemic. This research is a library research and data collection technique carried out through library studies, using Islamic legal philosophy approach, and results in the conclusion that zakat may be given to Covid-19 affected parties, both for medical teams, corona patients and one of citizens who family has confirmed positive corona, people affected by PHK due to phsycal or social distancing implemented by the government to minimize the transmission of Covid-19, etc
O papel das Residências em Saúde na área de Controle do Câncer
Authors: Sobreira da Silva Mario Jorge , Francisco de Souza e Mello Gustavo
Published: October 2020

O presente número temático objetivou dar destaque a contribuição científica sobre ou produzida durante os programas de residência, fortalecendo o debate sobre o ensino como propulsor de conhecimento para atuação competente na área da prevenção e controle do câncer.
A Cultura de Segurança no Cuidado Paliativo Oncológico durante a Pandemia de Covid-19
Authors: Cavalcanti de Mendonça Bittencourt Nair Caroline , Gazel de Souza Maria das Graças , Bokehi Nigri Regina , Gomes da Silva Vanessa
Published: October 2020

Atualmente, o mundo vive um cenário de pandemia causada pela síndrome respiratória aguda grave do coronavírus 2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 – Sars-CoV-2), com impacto na economia, saúde pública e saúde mental de toda a sociedade, cujos profissionais de saúde trabalham para o enfrentamento da doença pelo coronavírus 2019 (coronavirus disease 2019 – Covid-19), arriscando suas vidas e vivenciando situações que geram desgastes físicos e psicológicos. A segurança é o primeiro passo para melhorar a qualidade da assistência prestada; contudo, para tal, é necessária a motivação intrínseca dos profissionais, lembrando que “Errar é humano, mas os erros podem ser evitados”.
Managing pediatric otorhinolaryngology patients in coronavirus disease-19 pandemic – A real challenge to the clinicians
Authors: Swain Santosh Kumar , Behera Ishwar Chandra
Published: October 2020

The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic is posing unprecedented challenges among the otolaryngologists during managing the pediatric patients. COVID-19 infection is caused by novel coronavirus called severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2. This infection is transmitted primarily through human contact and by droplet route. The pediatric otolaryngologists have a critical role for managing nose, paranasal sinus, ears, oral cavity, pharynx, and larynx, which are important sites for generating aerosols and virus transmission. Asymptomatic pediatric patients have high risk for viral shedding. In COVID-19 pandemic, the surgical procedure by pediatric otolaryngologists should be limited to the emergency condition. The surgical interventions should limit the viral dissemination. This review article provides an overview of common methods to limit the viral transmission to the otolaryngologists and assisting health-care staffs from COVID-19 infections during the management of the pediatric patients.
Risk factors and outcome of Klebsiella sepsis in neonates
Authors: Kantharajanna Usha B , Niranjan Hunsanhalli Shivanna , Benakappa Naveen , Prathik Bandya
Published: October 2020

Background: Klebsiella is the most common organism isolated in early onset sepsis and causes outbreaks in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). No clear risk factors for Klebsiella sepsis have been documented. Objective: The objective of the study was to study the risk factors, clinical profile, and outcome of Klebsiella in neonatal sepsis. Materials and Methods: A retrospective observational study was done at an extramural tertiary care center from January to December 2017. After getting Institutional Ethics Committee approval, data were collected from hospital records of admitted neonates whose blood culture was positive for Klebsiella. Detailed antenatal and natal history including birth weight, Apgar score, sex, and age was taken. Data on ventilator support, continuous positive airway pressure, intravenous fluids, enteral and parenteral nutrition, central line, and surgical procedure were collected. Results: Of the total of 1852 blood cultures sent, 308 (16.63%) showed growth. Altogether, 63 (20.45%) cases with Klebsiella growth were included in the study, of which 40 were male and 23 were female (1.7:1). Klebsiella was isolated in 25 (62.5%) who died. Birth weight was 2.152±0.752 g for babies who died and 2.613±0.525 g among discharged. Mortality was high in males 18 (72%) as compared to females 7 (28%), in low birth weight babies 32 (63.69 %), with thrombocytopenia 18 (80%), and those on invasive mode of ventilation. By regression analysis, it was found that duration of days of NICU stay, shock, invasive ventilation, umbilical venous, and arterial catheterization were identified as the factors that influence outcome in Klebsiella sepsis. Conclusion: High index of suspicion, initiating early and appropriate antibiotic therapy, antibiotic stewardship, and environmental cleaning improve the outcome. With emerging drug resistance, prevention of sepsis by infection control measures is needed.
Incidence and factors associated with early neonatal near miss in a tertiary care hospital in Bengaluru
Authors: Sunny Sobin , Johnson Avita Rose , Thimmaiah Sulekha , Rao P N Suman
Published: October 2020

Background: Neonatal near miss is defined as, a neonate who has suffered a life-threatening condition but survived the first 28 days of life. As neonatal near miss is a predictor for early neonatal death, the lessons learned from near misses will be useful to help prevent early neonatal mortality. Objectives: The objectives of the study were to estimate the incidence of neonatal near miss and its associated factors in the early neonatal period in a tertiary hospital. Materials and Methods: This was a longitudinal study where all the cases of early neonatal near miss and early neonatal mortality were documented over a 1-year period. A face-validated structured questionnaire was used to collect information from mothers. The data were described using proportions, mean, and standard deviation. Regression analysis and adjusted odds ratio (aOR) were used to identify the determinants of early neonatal near miss. Results: The study was conducted among 210 neonates born to 197 mothers. The neonatal near miss rate in our study was found to be 75.43/1000 live births. The total live births during the study period were 2784. The most common cause of near miss was identified as birth weight of <1750 g. The absence of antenatal ultrasound scans (aOR 6.124), anemia (aOR 3.945), preterm premature rupture of the membranes (aOR 3.136), presence of oligohydramnios (aOR 3.624), and malpresentation (aOR 5.581) was independent determinants of early neonatal near miss. Conclusion: These findings demonstrate the importance of better antenatal care including prevention of anemia, screening and management of high-risk cases, and antenatal complications to avoid the incidence of near miss.
Evaluation of in vitro antileishmanial and antimycobacterial activities of Stifftia chrysantha J.C. Mikan extracts
Authors: Marques André , Machado Rachel , Valente Júnior Wilson , Coimbra Elaine , Duarte Rafael , Soares Geraldo Luiz , Kaplan Maria Auxiliadora
Published: October 2020

Stifftia chrysantha J.C. Mikan é uma planta pertencente à família Asteraceae cujo principal uso pela população é o ornamental e atualmente se encontra sob risco moderado de extinção. É sabido que a planta foi utilizada no tratamento de afecções respiratórias por quilombolas. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar o potencial efeito antimicrobiano de diferentes extratos de S. chrysantha contra algumas espécies de micobactérias e formas promastigotas de duas espécies de Leishmania. Os testes foram realizados in vitro utilizando MTT ou Resazurina em métodos colorimétricos, de acordo com o microrganismo avaliado. Os resultados mostraram baixa atividade dos extratos contra as culturas de micobactérias. Por outro lado, um efeito inibidor do crescimento foi observado no extrato metanólico das folhas e no extrato hexânico da casca contra as culturas de promastigotas de L. amazonensis (CI50 = 55,16 mg/mL extrato metanólico and 38,61 mg/mL extrato hexânico) and L. chagasi (CI50 = 72,05 mg/mL extrato hexânico). Novos estudos são necessários para descobrir as substâncias responsáveis pela inibição do crescimento das formas promastigotas.
Aktivisme Sosial Mengenai Isu Lingkungan Hidup Di Instagram (Studi Kasus Pada Mahasiswa Komunitas Pecinta Alam Di Medan)
Authors: Nurbani  , Sabilla Tri Ananda
Published: October 2020

Media sosial menciptakan ruang baru bagi kaum muda untuk berbagi mengenai sebuah isu. Penelitian ini akan melihat bagaimana Instagram dimanfaatkan sebagai aktivisme online untuk melakukan sebuah diskusi maupun upaya penyadaran mengenai lingkungan hidup. Dengan pendekatan kualitatif, metode pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara mendalam. Teknik pemilihan infroman dilakukan dengan purposive sampling. Informan dalam penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa yang tergabung dalam komunitas pecinta alam KOMPAS USU, karena dianggap memiliki wawasan yang cukup mengenai isu-isu lingkungan hidup.
Hambatan Intrapersonal Perempuan yang Mengalami Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga di Kota Lhokseumawe
Authors: Moza Fauzia  , Nurbani
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hambatan intrapersonal perempuan yang mengalami KDRT dalam melakukan pengungkapan dirinya kepada orang lain di Kota Lhokseumawe. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif, dimana pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara mendalam. Informan penelitian berjumlah 6 (enam) orang perempuan yang pernah mengalami kekerasan dalam rumah tangga dan dengan status sudah bercerai dengan masa perceraian dibawah 5 tahun. Kesimpulan dari hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Perempuan korban KDRT dalam melakukan upaya pengungkapan dirinya sebagai korban kekerasan memiliki 3 hambatan. Pertama Citra Diri, Motif, dan Trauma Fisik. Informan mempertahankan citra dirinya dengan citra diri yang baik dan positif meskipun ia mengalami pengalaman yang buruk. Selanjutnya ada 3 Motif yang menghambat dalam diri informan yang mengalami KDRT yaitu motif biologis, cinta dan keagamaan, dan terakhir Trauma Fisik menjadikan informan menjadi tertutup dan tidak ingin mengingat dan mengulang kembali peristiwa-peristiwa kekerasan yang dialami dalam rumah tangganya.
Pola Komunikasi Orang Tua Dalam Membentuk Perilaku Anak
Authors: Austin Ernst Antariksa Tumengkol  , Suprapti Indah Putri  , Gita Audina Borneo
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini membahas tentang pola komunikasi orang tua dalam membentuk perilaku anak, di Kelas IPS 1 SMA Nurul Islam Indonesia Medan. Penelitian ini melihat bagaimana pola komunikasi orang tua dalam membentuk perilaku anak, yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui cara berkomunikasi orang tua, serta mengetahui faktor yang menyebabkan perubahan perilaku anak. Penelitian kualitatif ini menggunakan teori pertukaran kasih sayang atau Affection Exchange Theory (AET) yang menggambarkan tujuan asumsi-asumsi tentang pemahaman hubungan-hubungan pribadi. Selain itu peneliti juga menggunakan komunikasi keluarga yang mengkaji pertukaran pesan di mana di dalamnya melibatkan anggota keluarga yaitu ayah, ibu, dan anak. Komunikasi yang terjadi di dalam keluarga berfungsi untuk mengedukasi dan juga menjadi sarana untuk mengajari anak semenjak mereka lahir. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan pola komunikasi antara orang tua dan anak yang terjalin baik akan membentuk perilaku baik pada anak.
Peliputan Bencana Alam oleh Pewarta Foto di Sulawesi Tengah pada September 2018
Authors: Hermansyah  , Rahmanita Ginting  , Rudianto
Published: October 2020

Ketika bencana alam gempa bumi, tsunami dan likuifaksi terjadi di Sulawesi Tengah pada September 2018, kebutuhan kantor media (wire service) terhadap berita foto akan meningkat, menggerakkan pewarta foto melakukan peliputan melalui penugasan atau pengajuan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis proses persiapan, peliputan, pengolahan, pemberitaan dan hambatan pewarta foto saat menjalankan tugasya sesuai dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 40 Tahun 1999 tentang Pers pasal 4 ayat 1. Penelitian menggunakan deskriptif kualitatif (qualitative research). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, pewarta foto yang melakukan peliputan wajib memiliki persiapan, baik informasi, peralatan peliputan dan perlengkapan pribadi. Untuk memudahkan melakukan peliputan harus memanfaatkan jaringan relasi sekecil apapun dan pemandu lokal (pixer). Tema peliputan juga beragam, tidak selalu tentang kesedihan dan kehancuran. Pengolahan foto menggunakan beberapa software editing yang sesuai dengan kode etik foto jurnalistik dan mengisi teks kedalam file foto. Proses foto publish di kantor berita bagi staf dan stringer juga berbeda. Berita foto yang dikirim staf/pewarta foto tidak lagi melalui proses seleksi namun hanya melalui proses koreksi foto dan teks. Foto yang dikirim stringer melalui proses seleksi oleh editor.
Kemampuan Literasi Media pada Era Informasi Digital di Kalangan Mahasiswa Kota Medan
Authors: Rahmanita Ginting
Published: October 2020

Media, informasi dan teknologi komunikasi telah menjadi kebutuhan primer bagi publik untuk mengimplementasikan literasi media. Intensitas terpaan media dan informasi yang tinggi akan cukup menjadi alasan bahwa literasi media perlu menjadi isu penting bagi mahasiswa. Literasi media membutuhkan kemampuan spesifik yang kerap dinamakan dengan media literacy skills atau kemampuan literasi media. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan bagaimana kemampuan literasi media pada era informasi digital di kalangan mahasiswa Kota Medan. Teori yang digunakan adalah literasi media, media baru, era informasi digital. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif, yaitu mendeskripsikan pendapat objek yang diteliti berdasarkan fakta yang ada di lapangan mengenai literasi media pada era informasi digital di kalangan mahasiswa di Kota Medan. Data primer diperoleh melalui wawancara dan observasi. Simpulan penelitian ini memberikan gambaran kemampuan literasi media pada era informasi digital di kalangan mahasiswa Kota Medan. Kemampuan literasi media membantu mahasiswa agar memiliki pengetahuan dan pemahaman yang cukup tentang isi media, sehingga dapat mengendalikan pengaruh media dalam kehidupannya.
Saneamento e organização do processo sob a ótica do novo sistema processual civil – Lei Nº 13.105/15
Authors: Oliveira Adonis De Castro
Published: October 2020

Nesse estudo, conduzido pela pesquisa explicativa, que teve uma abordagem indutiva com observância à análise bibliográfica, tem-se por tema o saneamento e organização do processo sob a ótica do novo sistema processual civil – Lei nº 13.105/15. O objetivo é apresentar a fase de saneamento e organização do processo, começando pela sua história e a base normativa, analisar as atividades relativas à referida fase e sua importância no Direito Processual Civil brasileiro. Nesse sentido, buscou-se acompanhar e demonstrar a linha processual sistemática procedimentalmente, tecendo considerações sobre cada uma de suas etapas, até chegar às consequências jurídicas. Por fim, apresentou-se o planejamento e a técnica de ensinagem adequada para uma aula fundada neste conteúdo. Como resultado da pesquisa tem-se o aprofundamento do tema proposto com a exposição de estratégia para sua abordagem em sala de aula.
МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ ДИНАМІЧНИХ ПРОЦЕСІВ МЕТОДОМ ГІБРИДНОГО ІНТЕГРАЛЬНОГО ПЕРЕТВОРЕННЯ ТИПУ БЕССЕЛЯ-ЕЙЛЕРА-БЕССЕЛЯ НА ПОЛЯРНІЙ ОСІ
Authors: БЛАЖЕВСЬКИЙ С.Г. , ЛЕНЮК О.М. , НІКІТІНА О.М. , ШИНКАРИК М.І.
Published: October 2020

На сучасному етапі науково-технічного прогресу, особливо у зв’язку з широким використанням композитних матеріалів, існує нагальна потреба у вивченні фізико-технічних характеристик таких матеріалів, що знаходяться в різних умовах експлуатації, що математично призводить до задачі розв’язування сепаратної системи диференціальних рівнянь другого порядку на кусково-однорідному інтервалі з відповідними початковими та крайовими умовами, зокрема, задача динаміки математично призводить до побудови розв’язку сепаратної системи диференціальних рівнянь з частинними похідними гіперболічного типу. Одним із ефективних методів побудови інтегральних зображень аналітичних розв’язків алгоритмічного характеру задач математичної фізики є метод гібридних інтегральних перетворень. У цій роботі побудовано розв’язок задачі динаміки на трискладовій полярній осі Rr 0 >≥ 0 з двома точками спряження методом гібридного інтегрального перетворення Бесселя-Ейлера-Бесселя. Задача динаміки на трискладовій полярній осі математично призводить до побудови обмеженого розв’язку сепаратної системи трьох диференціальних рівнянь з частинними похідними гіперболічного типу з відповідними початковими умовами, умовами спряження та крайовими умовами. Застосувавши до цієї крайової задачі гібридне інтегральне перетворення Бесселя-Ейлера-Бесселя, отримаємо задачу Коші. Знайшовши розв’язок задачі Коші, ми застосовуємо до нього обернене гібридне інтегральне перетворення Бесселя-Ейлера-Бесселя. Пряме інтегральне перетворення Бесселя-Ейлера-Бесселя на полярній осі з двома точками спряження записується у вигляді матриці-рядка. Вихідна система та початкові умови записуються в матричній формі, і ми застосовуємо операторну матрицю-рядок до заданої задачі за правилом множення матриць. В результаті отримуємо задачу Коші для звичайного диференціального рівняння. Обернене перетворення Бесселя-Ейлера-Бесселя записується у вигляді операторної матриці-стовпця, і ми застосовуємо його до побудованого розв’язку задачі Коші. Після здійснення певних перетворень ми отримуємо єдиний розв’язок вихідної задачі. Побудовані розв’язки крайових задач мають алгоритмічний характер, що дозволяє використовувати їх як у теоретичних дослідженнях, так і в числових розрахунках.