bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Changes in microbial community composition affect bioactivities of mucus isolated from coral acropora millepora
Authors: Manh Cuong Dao , Thu Hien Phan Thi , Van Ngoc Bui
Published: June 2022

Antibiotic resistance is increasingly popular together with emerging diseases presents an urgent requirement for more and more discovery of novel marine bioactive compounds. Paired-end reads of 16S rRNA sequence of bacteria living in the coral Acropora millepora obtained by the Illumina next-generation sequencing technology to be processed by DADA2 pipeline, phyloseq and ggplot2 packages showed that bleached coral mucus had an alpha diversity to be higher than healthy coral mucus. The coral surface mucus layer (SML) of healthy coral exhibited higher growth inhibition activity to Vibrio parahaemolyticus test strain than that of bleached coral in any amount (10 – 30 µL). The cytotoxicity against the colon cancer cell line HCT 116 was also clearly observed when treated with healthy SML and was 1.5 times higher than mucus was taken from bleached coral. The composition of the microbial community was shifted when corals changed from a healthy state to a bleached one, resulting in the reduction of antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity.
The State of the Budget of the Joseph-Volokolamsk Monastery at the End of the 16 th – Beginning of the 17 th Century
Authors:   Volgograd State University, Tseluykina Evgeniya
Published: June 2022

Introduction. The article examines the state of the budget of the Joseph-Volokolamsk Monastery at the end of the 16th – beginning of the 17th century during the reign of Fyodor Ivanovich, Boris Godunov, Vasily Shuisky, and the beginning of the reign of Mikhail Romanov. The aim is to trace the impact of the crisis on the level of economic development and the ability of the monastery to provide financial support to the state. The economic structure of the monastery has been well studied in relation to the 16th century, but the beginning of the 17th century was only touched upon by researchers. Methods and materials. We have at our disposal the economic books of the Joseph-Volokolamsk Monastery of the late 16th – early 17th century. The method of continuous systematization of income and expenses was used for study the economic development of the patrimony. Analysis. The analysis of the budget structure made it possible to identify categories of income and expenses, measure and compare indicators for different years of the late 16th – early 17th century, identify external factors that influenced the economic development of the patrimony. Results. In the 1580s the position of church patrimony in the Russian state ceased to be privileged, which provoked the economic reform of Misail Beznin in the Joseph-Volokolamsk Monastery in 1591 and the subsequent peasant unrest in the winter of 1594/95. The monastery’s income in the category of deposits began to fall, but receipts from fees (dues, state duties, “na vere”, “na moleben”) increased. Of particular importance was the sale of investment property. In general, at the end of the 16th – beginning of the 17th century, there was a gradual decline in income until 1609. Unplanned payments affected the monastery budget the most: funds requested by Vasily Shuisky; maintenance of “pososhnye lyudi” and children of boyar “tuleny”. The siege of the monastery by the Poles in 1608–1609 and its capture provoked a sharp economic downturn. Despite the fact that in 1612/13 (after the liberation of the monastery in 1610) the first signs of economic recovery appeared, the monastery subsequently could not return to the previous level of economic development.
African Union and Regional Economic Communities: Problems, Benefits and Prospects of Collaborations for Integration
Authors:   Rufus Giwa Polytechnic, Haruna Mustapha
Published: June 2022

Introduction. African Union’s regional economic communities are stronghold for the African continent towards economic integration in various sub-regions and sectors of the African people. Their efforts have further deepen both trade and political interests among them which have equally boosted the integration drive of the African Union for the overall benefits of the Africans. Their moves have articulated many incentive, for more investments and attraction of Foreign Direct Investment that have brought continental reforms like stabilization, market policy, liberalization and privatisation methods adopted for regional arrangements to increase both private and public investments. Methods and materials. The paper adopts secondary source of data to elicit information while it makes use of integration theory to Midwife the import for the study towards economic, monetary market development and political union in African. Analysis and Results. The paper posits to examine their areas of dimensions, problems and prospects for collaboration to maximize economic goals and objectives which include security governance, economic growth, etc. The paper identifies problems like over concentration with the regional economic communities and their attendant peculiarities, while it notes the prospects of joint activities between the African Union and the regional economic Communities to build their capacities, harmonize and coordinate their institutions towards collaborations.
Elucidating the role of melatonin or sugar beet pulp pellet in physiological improvement characteristics and promoting the growth of Moringa oleifera under lead stress
Authors: EL-SAKAAN Marwa F. , YOUNIS Mahmoud E. , SHUKRY Wafaa M.
Published: June 2022

Pot experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of root and foliar uptake of Pb on Moringa oleifera plants. The levels of Pb used in the experiments were 100 and 400 ppm Pb. The lead application affected the growth, photosynthetic pigment, carbohydrates, proline, oxidative stress biomarkers, mineral contents, and Pb accumulation in Moringa plants. The growth parameters, chlorophyll, Na, K, and Ca content declined in the case of soil or foliar Pb application. The foliar lead application revealed a more negative effect on the growth of moringa plants than the soil application. However, Pb-stressed moringa plants increased carbohydrates, proline, H2O2, MDA, electrolyte leakage, Pb, and Mg content. In addition, the possible role of melatonin (MEL) and sugar beet pulp pellets (SBP) in ameliorating lead toxicity and enhancement of phytoremediation was investigated. It was found that supplemental addition of MEL or SBP increases the growth parameters, photosynthetic pigments, carbohydrates, proline, and minerals compared to stressed moringa plants. Moreover, a decrease in hydrogen peroxide, lipid peroxidation, and electrolyte leakage was observed under MEL and SBP treatments. The ameliorating effect of SBP was more pronounced than that of MEL. Furthermore, MEL application enhanced the phytoremediation capacity of moringa plants.
Studies on the induction of basal stem cluster buds and nodes propagation of Amomum villosum Lour.
Authors: GAO Jin-Rong , REN Yan , MAI Xiang , XU Fu-Rong , HUANG Heng-Yu
Published: June 2022

Amomum villosum Lour. as Chinese herbal medicine and seasoning, which has a huge potential economic value. This plant is increasing shortage of resources by the slow sexual reproduction and the low artificial reproduction rate. The plants with strong stress resistance and high yield were selected as the female parent, on the basis of single factor and complete combination, the orthogonal test of L9 (34) and L16 (45) was further conducted. 6-BA induced basal stem cluster bud formation was obviously better than that of KT or ZT. 2, 4-D significantly induced callus occurrence and node enlargement, while NAA was more beneficial to adventitious root formation The combination of 6-BA and NAA was more beneficial to induce the formation of cluster buds from basal stem, but the proliferation effect was not ideal. Thus, KT or 2, 4-D was introduced for two orthogonal tests of L9 (34), and the highest proliferation coefficient was only 4.56. Then it was found that adding 0.5 mg·L-1 2, 4-D to the above combination, appeared a unique phenomenon of node propagation. Next, L16 (45) orthogonal test was conducted using 4 plant growth regulators combinations of 6-BA, 2, 4-D, KT and NAA. The optimal medium for proliferation culture was the MS medium with 7.5 mg·L-1 6-BA, 5.0 mg·L-1 NAA, 1.5 mg·L-1 KT, 0.5 mg·L-1 2, 4-D, and the proliferation coefficient reached above 10.00. The optimal rooting medium was the 1/2 MS medium with 2.0 mg·L-1 NAA. With the node propagation, a rapid propagation system of A. villosum was established which provided a possible solution for improve the efficiency of artificial planting, solve the market demand and quality problems.
CRISPR/Cas9 applications for improvement of soybeans, current scenarios, and future perspectives
Authors: JIANING Guan , ZHIMING Xie , RASHEED Adnan , TIANCONG Wang , QIAN Zhao , ZHUO Zhang , ZHUO Zhao , GARDINER John J. , AHMAD Ishtiaq , XIAOXUE Wang , JIAN Wei , YUHONG Gai
Published: June 2022

The soybean is one of the most widely grown legume crops which serves as a source of protein and oil. Soybean production has increased in recent years due to several breeding techniques. The use of conventional breeding approaches does not fulfil the rapidly growing demand of the world population.  Newly developed genomic approaches opened the windows of opportunities to bring more genetic variation in soybean germplasm. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) has emerged as a renowned gene-editing tool that has broadened soybean research. CRISPR/Cas9 has been extensively applied to improve several essential traits in soybeans. Soybean yield, quality, and other agronomic traits have been enhanced, and research is being conducted to revolutionize the genomic area of soybeans. The development of specific soybean mutants has shown better yield and quality. In this review, we have enlisted the potential use of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) in soybean improvement and highlighted the significant future prospective. Research of applied sciences revealed that CRISPR/Cas9 could improve the traits of the commercially essential soybean crop, including yield, quality, and resistance to certain biotic and abiotic factors. The use of this tool has lifted the scope of genome editing and laid a foundation for the bright future of human beings. This updated review will be helpful for future research studies focusing on the successful use of CRISPR/Cas9 in soybeans.
Responses of wheat and barley to Acacia saligna leaf and stem extracts: influence on growth and ascorbate-glutathione cycle
Authors: ALHAITHLOUL Haifa Abdulaziz Sakit , SOLIMAN Mona H.
Published: June 2022

The present study aimed to study the effect of dry leaf and stem leachates of Acacia saligna on wheat’s growth and enzyme functioning (Triticum aestivum) and barley (Hordeum vulgare). Leaf leachates (LL) and stem leachates (SL) of A. saligna were applied through root and nutrient solution in different concentrations i.e., 5, 10, and 15%. Treatment of LL and SL declined the growth in terms of height and dry weight in both tested plants in concentration-dependent manner with the maximal decline due to 15% LL. In addition, content of relative water, total chlorophylls, and carotenoids decreased in both wheat as well as barley. The activity of ascorbate peroxidase, monodehydro ascorbate reductase, dehydroascorbate reductase, and glutathione reductase increased considerably due to the treatment of LL and SL. The indigenous tolerance mechanisms in wheat and barley seedlings were further strengthened in wheat and barley by increased accumulation of glycine betaine, glutathione, and ascorbate in response to LL and SL treatment. Additionally, the activity of lipoxygenase and protease were increased significantly due to LL and SL treatment with a maximal increase at higher concentrations. From the present study it can be concluded that extracts of leaf and stem of A. saligna inhibit the growth of wheat and barley significantly with a concomitant increase in the functioning of the ascorbate-glutathione (AsA-GSH) cycle. Further, both crop species showed comparable responses to A. saligna leachates.
The pivotal role of biochar in enhancement soil properties, morphophysiological and yield characters of barley plants under drought stress
Authors: ABDELAAL Khaled , ALAMREY Salman , ATTIA Kotb A. , ELROBH Mohamed , ELNAHHAS Nihal , ABOU EL-YAZIED Ahmed , IBRAHIM Mervat A.R.
Published: June 2022

Drought is one of the most harmful abiotic stresses in arid and semiarid regions, so, field experiments were performed to examine biochar impact (15 or 20 t ha−1) on soil properties, physiological, morphological, and yield of barley under drought conditions. Our results displayed that drought caused a remarkable decrease in stem height and leaf area. Additionally, relative water contents (RWC%), chlorophyll a and b concentrations, as well as yield parameters were significantly reduced under drought. Conversely, lipid peroxidation (MDA), electrolyte leakage (EL%), and enzymatic activity were significantly augmented in the stressed plants during both seasons. Application of biochar led to improve leaves number (15.3), stem height (57%) and leaf area. Also, physiological characters like chlorophyll (72%) and RWC (33%), as well as yield, were increased considerably. Contrariwise, MDA and EL were reduced significantly (47 and 54%) under biochar application; furthermore, biochar led to regulate peroxidase and catalase activity in the stressed plants. It is concluded that biochar treatment can significantly improve soil properties, particularly soil EC (dSm-1), soil organic matter % and soil pH as well as increase yield characters via improving stress tolerance of barley under drought conditions; the best treatment was 20 t biochar ha−1 in the plants irrigated twice.
Antioxidant activity of mustard green and Thai rat-tailed radish grown from cold plasma treated seeds and their anticancer efficacy against A549 lung cancer cells
Authors: MATRA Khanit , SAENGHA Worachot , KARIRAT Thipphiya , NAKHOWONG Kannika , PATTANU Pimsupa , KITKAYUN Piyatida , BUBPAMALA Theerayut , BURANRAT Benjaporn , KATISART Teeraporn , LUANG-IN Vijitra
Published: June 2022

Lung cancer is Thailand's second-highest cause of mortality. Mustard green (MG) and rat-tailed radish (RTR) 7-day-old microgreens were previously shown to exhibit cytotoxicity against MCF-7 and HepG7 cells. However, both plants have yet to be tested on A549 lung cancer cells. This study evaluated the antioxidant activity of MG and RTR plants grown from cold plasma treated seeds at different early growth periods and their anticancer activities against A549 lung cancer cells. Plant seeds primed with cold plasma at 21 kV (for MG) and 19 kV (for RTR) for 5 min were grown on vermiculite for 14, 21 and 28 days. Results showed that RTR-P and MG-P (plasma-treated seeds) showed significantly higher ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and total antioxidant phosphomolybdate activity than RTR-C and MG-C (control seeds). Highest cytotoxicity (Emax) of 95.41% against A549 cells was found in MG-P of 14 days at 72 h exposure with IC50 value of 67.11 µg/mL. Lower IC50 of 30.93 µg/mL was found in RTR-P of 14 days at 72 h exposure and Emax of 93.38%. MG-P and RTR-P had significantly more pronounced effects on apoptosis and migration-related gene expressions (Bax, Bcl-2, caspase-3, p21, MMP-9 and cyclin D1) and also protein expressions (caspase-3, cytochrome c and p21). The RTR-P extract was more cytotoxic and antiproliferative than MG-P in human lung cancer cells. Cold plasma played a key role in enhancing cytotoxicity in these two plants with improved chemopreventive benefits for consumers.
Seed fixed oil content, oil yield, and fatty acids profile of Nigella sativa L. in response to fertilization and plant density
Authors: ROUSSIS Ioannis , KAKABOUKI Ioanna , MAVROEIDIS Antonios , TRIANTAFYLLIDIS Vassilios , ZOTOS Anastasios , KOSMA Chariklia , BILALIS Dimitrios
Published: June 2022

The current study aimed to assess the impacts of fertilization and plant density on fixed oil content, oil yield, and fatty acids profile of Nigella sativa L. under Mediterranean environment. The 3-year experiment was set up in a split-plot design with three replications, two main plots (plant densities: 200 and 300 plants m-2) and four sub-plots (fertilization treatments: control, seaweed compost, farmyard manure and inorganic fertilizer). The seed yield, fixed oil content, as well as the fixed oil yield were positively affected by the increase of available nitrogen and negatively by the increase of plant density, with their highest values recorded in the low-density and inorganic fertilization. Regarding the composition in fatty acids, it was found that with the increase of plant density there was a decrease in saturated (SAFA: myristic, palmitic and stearic acid) and polyunsaturated (PUFA: linoleic, α-linolenic and eicosadenoic acid) fatty acids, while there was an increase in oleic acid which was the only monounsaturated fatty acid detected in fixed oil. In terms of fertilization, the organic fertilizers were the ones that contributed positively to the content of the respective fatty acid. As a conclusion, plant densities greater than 200 plants m-2 result in lower seed yield, fixed oil content and yield, whereas the effect of inorganic fertilization was equally important in seed and fixed oil yield; however, when the seed and/or its fixed oil are utilized for their high medicinal and nutritional value, the application of compost is indicated, resulting in a significant increase in the content of PUFAs, characterized for their beneficial effects on human health.
Introduction pages
Authors: SESTRAS Radu E.
Published: June 2022

The papers published in Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca, Issue 2, Volume 50, 2022 represent new exciting research in different topics of life science, respectively in plant science, horticulture, agronomy, and crop science. Among the interesting articles we invite you to find news about: Regulation mechanism of long non-coding RNA in plant secondary metabolite biosynthesis; CRISPR/Cas9 applications for improvement of soybeans, current scenarios, and future perspectives; Antioxidant activity of mustard green and Thai rat-tailed radish grown from cold plasma treated seeds and their anticancer efficacy against A549 lung cancer cells; Chemical constituents, antioxidant, and anticancer activities of bee pollen from various floral sources in Taiwan; Antioxidant and cytoprotective properties of seeds and seed by-products from lotus (Nelumbo nucifera); Pot Aloe vera gel – a natural source of antioxidants; In vitro direct organogenesis of the Cretan dittany (Origanum dictamnus L.), an important threatened Greek endemic species; Microscopical characteristics, phytochemical investigation and biological activities of different Lysimachia species growing in Vietnam; Deciphering the stem variations in ginseng plant using RNA-Seq; Biofortification with nanoparticles and zinc nitrate plus chitosan in green beans – effects on yield and mineral content etc.
Unexpected Infective Endocarditis in Corrected Congenital Heart Disease: A Case Report
Authors: Cool Charlotte Johanna , Serulina Rachmi , Saboe Aninka
Published: June 2022

Objective: To describe patients with corrected Congenital Heart Disease (CHD) who experienced Infective Endocarditis (IE). Methods: Two cases of IE were observed in 2019. The first case involved a 36-year-old woman with previous percutaneous transcatheter perimembranous ventricular septal defect (VSD) closure four months before admission. Echocardiography showed vegetation at noncoronary cusps of the aortic valve. Patient received antibiotics for six weeks and underwent surgery for evacuation of vegetation and device, along with VSD closure with a cardiovascular patch (Gore-tex). The second case involved a 43-year-old woman with a history of surgical closure in secundum atrial septal defect (ASD) by pericardial patch two months before admission. Echocardiography showed vegetation at the tricuspid valve. Patient received antibiotics for four weeks and planned for surgery to evacuate vegetation. Results: IE is one of the major complications in CHD, whether uncorrected, treated, or corrected. The risk of IE increased with an invasive procedure. Post closure IE is rare. Poor dental hygiene and immunocompromised also increased patient's risk to be exposed to IE as shown in the first patient who had dental caries and the second patient who was on methylprednisolone for post-surgical pericardial effusion treatment. Conclusion: The risk of IE increases with invasive procedures in CHD patients. Although the incidence of IE is quite rare, its possibility should become of a serious concern among physicians.
Differential Diagnosis of Fever of Unknown Origin in Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptom (DRESS)
Authors: Muhammad Kevin Fachri , Ferdian Ferdy , Rahmadi Andri Reza
Published: June 2022

Objective: To describe an unusual case of drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms presenting as fever of unknown origin (FUO) and the diagnostic hurdles that come with the presence of differential diagnosis of FUO, which is tuberculous lymphadenitis. Methods: A 34-year-old female with a chief complaint of fever that has lasted for 3 weeks accompanied with jaundice and skin rashes for 2 weeks was admitted with an indication of FUO. She had a history of carbamazepine consumption for trigerminal neuralgia 2 months prior. Cervical lymphadenopathy was palpable bilaterally and hepatomegaly, elevated liver enzyme, as well as hyperbilirubinemia were observed. After excluding differentials for many causes of prolonged fever, patient was treated for Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptom (DRESS) and was given intravenous steroid injections. Fine needle aspiration biopsy was performed for her cervical lymphadenopathy. Results: Biopsy presented a mix of sialadenitis and tuberculous lymphadenopathy. Clinical improvement was observed on the second day after steroid administration. Patient was discharged on the seventh day after steroid administration. Conclusion: FUO is one of the possible manifestations of DRESS; however, thorough investigation still needed to be done considering the possibility of more than one entity of disease that can cause FUO in patients, such as tuberculous lymphadenopathy seen in this case.
Depression, Anxiety, and Stress due to Changes in Employment Status during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Study in Badung Districts, Bali, Indonesia
Authors: Yani Made Violin Weda , Pratiwi Made Sindy Astri , Putra Agus Indra Yudhistira Diva , Diniari Ni Ketut Sri
Published: June 2022

Objective: To determine the relationship between depression, anxiety, and stress with the employment status of people in Bali during Covid-19 pandemic. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional analytical study conducted in Bali, Indonesia, in 2021. The instrument used was DASS-21 questionnaire, which was distributed to a total sample size of 96 people. The relationship between variables were analyzed with a p-value of <0.05 as the cut-off for a significant relationship. Results: Depression symptoms had a significant relationship with gender (p=0.024) while anxiety symptoms had a significant association with the employment status during the pandemic (p=0.027). Similarly, stress symptoms also had a significant relationship with gender (p=0.007) and employment status during COVID-19 pandemic (p=0.007). Conclusion: There is a relationship between depression, anxiety, and stress due to changes in employment status during the COVID-19 pandemic in Badung Districts, Bali.
Paraoxonase 1 Activities and Lipid Parameters in Hypertension and Their Association with Chronic Alcoholism
Authors: Kumar Sudeep , Batra Jyoti , Sah Sumesh Prasad , Kumar Dinesh , Iqbal Shahid , Arora Manisha , Sharma Shivani
Published: June 2022

Objective: To determine lipid profile, antioxidant vitamin (E and C), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, as well as superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels and paraoxonase 1 (PON 1) activities in alcoholic hypertensive patients. Methods: Five hundred subjects were selected for this study consisting of 250 normal healthy individuals and 250 alcoholic hypertensive subjects. Total cholesterol, triglyceride, and HDL levels were measured using the enzymatic method while the LDL and VLDL levels were calculated by Friedwald equation. The MDA level were measured using thiobarbiturate (TBA) and the Vitamin E and C were measured using the enzymatic method. The SOD and PON 1 activities were measured using phenyl acetate as the substrate. Results: Total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, VLDL, and MDA levels were found to be significantly high while the HDL and Vitamin E and C levels decreased among the alcoholic hypertensive subjects when compared to the control. Furthermore, significant decreases in SOD and PON 1 activities were also found among the alcoholic hypertensive subjects as compared to control. Conclusion: Alterations in lipid parameters, antioxidant vitamin levels, MDA level, SOD activities, and PON 1 activities are associated with hypertension that may be enhanced by alcohol intake, which may lead to the development cardiovascular disease.
Correlation between serum KL-6 level and severity of SARD-related ILD
Authors: Pranggono Emmy , Syukrie Alvy , Moenadri Valentine , Dewi Sumartini
Published: June 2022

Objective: To understand the correlation between serum KL-6 level and severity of SARD-related ILD in Indonesia. Method: This was a cross-sectional study to evaluate the correlation between serum KL-6 level and Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD) severity based on Chest High-Resolution Computed Tomography (Chest HCRT) among patients with Systemic Autoimmune Rheumatic Disorders (SARD) who visited the Rheumatology Clinic of Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital during the period of January 2019 to February 2020. Secondary data were retrieved from a study on the Effects of Ciplukan Herbs on Organ Fibrosis. KL-6 serum concentration was measured from stored biological material and the correlation between the serum KL-6 level and ILD severity was analyzed by Rank Spearman's test. Results: Thirty-four patients participated in this study with a median age of 37 years-old. Most of the participants were female (94.1%), Sundanese (64.7%), and had systemic sclerosis as an underlying disease (48.5). The median serum KL-6 level was 57.1 U/ml (21.6-444.1). Most participants belonged to severe ILD group (58.8%) with a mean serum KL-6 level of 65.1±48.9 U/ml. The highest mean serum KL-6 level (111.6±121.8) was observed in the moderate ILD group comprising of 32.4% of the participants. The remaining 11.8% participants belonged to mild ILD group with a mean serum KL-6 level of 61.1±24.9 U/ml. Serum KL-6 level was demonstrated to have a weak correlation with ILD severity (r=-0.229, p=0.193). Conclusion. There is an insignificant weak correlation between serum KL-6 level and ILD severity based on chest HRCT in SARD patients.
Efektivitas Spray Lidokain pada Pipa Endotrakea terhadap Kejadian Nyeri Tenggorok Pascaoperasi yang Dihubungkan dengan Lama Anestesi/Intubasi
Authors: Salsabila Novie , Oktaliansah Ezra , Halimi Radian Ahmad
Published: June 2022

Postoperative sore throat (POST) merupakan salah satu komplikasi anestesi yang mengurangi kenyamanan pasien dengan angka kejadian yang cukup tinggi. Lidokain merupakan salah satu medika mentosa yang dapat digunakan untuk mencegah POST. Penelitian ini bertujuan menilai efektivitas spray lidokain pada endotracheal tube (ETT) yang dihubungkan dengan lama anestesi/intubasi pada periode Desember 2020–Februari 2021 di RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung. Uji klinis dilakukan terhadap 113 subjek yang terbagi menjadi 3 kelompok, yaitu dengan lama operasi <1 jam (kelompok 1), 1–2 jam (kelompok 2), dan >2 jam (kelompok 3). Penilaian dilakukan pada jam ke-0, 1, 6, dan 24 pascaoperasi. Analisis statistik nonparametrik menggunakan uji Kruskal Wallis dan analisis post-hoc menggunakan uji Mann Whitney. Terdapat perbedaan POST yang signifikan pada perbandingan kelompok 1 dengan 3, serta kelompok 2 dengan 3 (p<0,05). Tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan pada perbandingan kelompok 1 dengan 2 (p>0,05). Pemberian lidokain pada ETT untuk mencegah POST efektif pada lama anestesi/intubasi kurang dari 2 jam. Diperlukan modalitas lain untuk mencegah POST pada operasi dengan durasi lebih dari 2 jam.
Sensitivitas dan Spesifisitas Kuesioner COVID-19 untuk Skrining Pasien Praoperatif di RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung
Authors: Simamora Marrylin Tio , Pradian Erwin , Kestriani Nurita Dian
Published: June 2022

Pandemi Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) memberi dampak ke seluruh aspek, salah satunya dalam pelayanan kesehatan. Skrining praoperatif menjadi salah satu hal penting dalam persiapan dan pemilihan pasien yang akan menjalani operasi elektif di masa pandemi COVID-19. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui sensitivitas dan spesifisitas kuesioner COVID-19 yang digunakan untuk skrining pasien praoperatif di RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin. Penelitian dilakukan di Unit Rekam Medis RSUP dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung pada bulan Februari 2021 hingga Maret 2021. Penelitian ini merupakan studi deskriptif retrospektif dengan desain cross sectional (potong lintang) untuk membandingkan hasil kuesioner dengan hasil PCR COVID-19 yang diambil dari data pasien praoperatif bulan Juni 2020 hingga Agustus 2020. Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa sensitivitas kuesioner COVID-19 untuk skrining pasien praoperatif di RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin sangat lemah (36,4%), sedangkan spesifisitasnya sangat kuat (97,2%). Rasio kemungkinan positif sempurna (13), sedangkan rasio kemungkinan negatif cukup (0,65). Simpulan penelitian ini kuesioner COVID-19 kurang baik bila digunakan pada populasi dengan prevalensi yang rendah, tetapi cukup baik untuk menyaring pasien yang sehat, namun masih belum dapat dijadikan sebagai alat uji diagnostik, masih membutuhkan pemeriksaan penunjang lainnya untuk mendiagnosis COVID-19.
Perbandingan Efektivitas antara Ketamin Kumur dan Lidokain Spray untuk Mengurangi Nyeri Tenggorok, Batuk, dan Serak Pascaekstubasi
Authors: Purwoko Purwoko , Thamrin Muhammad Husni , Hananto Wahyu
Published: June 2022

Nyeri tenggorok adalah komplikasi yang sering dikeluhkan pasien setelah penggunaan pipa endotrakeal pada tindakan anestesi umum. Kejadian nyeri tenggorok dapat dikurangi dengan pemberian agen analgetik. Tujuan penelitian ini mengetahui perbedaan efektivitas antara ketamin kumur dan lidokain spray untuk mengurangi nyeri tenggorok pascaekstubasi. Penelitian dilakukan di Instalasi Bedah Pusat dan kamar rawat inap RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta, dimulai pada bulan Februari–Maret 2018. Penelitian ini bersifat eksperimental dengan double blind randomized control trial pada pasien yang dilakukan anestesi umum dan dipasang pipa endotrakea. Uji Mann Whitney U digunakan untuk mengolah data. Kelompok penelitian dibagi menjadi dua, yaitu kelompok ketamin kumur (I) dan lidokain spray (II). Ketamin kumur lebih efektif mengurangi nyeri tenggorokan, batuk, dan suara serak dibanding dengan lidokain spray mulai 1 jam pascaoperasi dan 6 jam pascaoperasi (p<0,05), sedangkan pada 24 jam pascaoperasi lidokain spray memiliki efektivitas yang hampir sama dengan ketamin kumur.
Perbedaan Kebutuhan Morfin PCA Pascalaparatomi antara Infiltrasi Ketamin dan Infiltrasi Levobupivakain
Authors: Purnomo Heri Dwi , Arianto Ardana Tri , Widayat Arif Wahyu
Published: June 2022

Penanganan nyeri akut yang tidak adekuat merupakan faktor risiko terjadin nyeri kronik dan komplikasi lainnya. Metode yang efektif dan efisien mengontrol nyeri akut yang berat adalah infiltrasi tepi luka operasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas infiltrasi ketamin dan levobupivakain dalam mengurangi kebutuhan morfin patient controlled analgesia (PCA) pascalaparatomi. Penelitian ini merupakan uji klinik acak tersamar tunggal yang dilakukan di RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta pada bulan Agustus 2018. Sampel terdiri atas 30 subjek yang dilakukan operasi laparatomi dengan anestesi umum yang dibagi menjadi 3 kelompok, yaitu kelompok infiltrasi levobupivakain, infiltrasi ketamin, dan infiltrasi saline. Semua pasien mendapatkan morfin PCA pascaoperasi. Setelah itu dinilai jumlah penggunaan morfin dan efek mual-muntah pascaoperasi, dan efek samping tindakan infiltrasi. Penggunaan morfin PCA pada kelompok ketamin rerata 2,20+1,32 mg, pada kelompok levobupivakain penggunaan morfin rerata 5,80+1,03 mg, dan pada kelompok NaCl penggunaan morfin rerata 10,00+1,76 mg. Uji statistik Kruskal Wallis didapatkan perbedaan yang signifikan penggunaan morfin PCA antara pasien kelompok ketamin, levobupivakain dan NaCl (p<0,05). Simpulan penelitian ini bahwa infiltrasi ketamin mengurangi nyeri pascalaparatomi lebih baik dibanding dengan infiltrasi levobupivakain dan saline.
Gelenekselden Moderne Din Okuryazarlığının Sosyolojisi: Popüler Dini Kitaplar Örneği
Authors: YILDIZ Halil , ÇAPCIOĞLU İhsan
Published: June 2022

Bu araştırmada Türkiye’de geniş kitlelerin beslendiği dini bilgi kaynaklarının başında gelen popüler dini kitaplardan hareketle nasıl bir din anlayışının gelişmekte olduğunun anlaşılması amaçlanmıştır. Bu anlama sürecinde geniş toplum katmanlarında ne türden dini bilgilerin dolaşımda olduğuna odaklanılmıştır. Bu amaçla Türkiye’de dini bilginin yayılım mecrası olarak kabul edilen ve dini kitapçılığın yıllardır devam edegeldiği birer merkez olarak Ankara Hacı Bayram Çarşısı ve İstanbul Yümni Pasajı kitapçıları ile derinlemesine görüşmeler yapılmıştır. Bu çerçevede uzun yıllar dini kitapçılık sektöründe toplumun okuryazarlık becerileri ile doğrudan muhatap olan kitapçıların görüşlerine başvurulmuştur. Bu yaklaşımın toplumsal gerçekliğin bir kesitine ulaşılması bakımından anlamlı olduğu düşünülmüştür. Elde edilen veriler betimsel analiz yöntemine tabi tutularak tematik kategoriler oluşturulmuştur. Bu şekilde geniş toplum kesimlerinin okuryazarlığı ve dini kitapla olan ilişkisi açığa çıkartılmaya çalışılmıştır. Çalışma ile Türk toplumunun geniş kesimlerinin dini bilgi düzeylerine dair sonuçlara ulaşılmıştır. Popüler dindarlık biçimleri, epistemolojik anlamda belirli bilgi kaynaklarını talep etmekte ve kendi dini gerçekliğine dâhil etmektedir. Bu anlamda toplumun geniş talebi uzun yıllar boyunca mistik ve menkıbevi anlatılar ile ibadet ve dua içerikli temel dini bilgi kitaplarını içermiştir. Toplumun okuryazarlık düzeyi arttıkça geleneksel dinî bilgi biçimlerine taleplerde de farklılaşma yaşanmış ve bu farklılaşma dini kitapların içerik ve form olarak değişimine neden olmuştur. Halen hem geleneksel hem de modern ve postmodern biçim ve söylemler içeren dini kitaplar geniş çaplı ilgi görmeye devam etmektedir. Klasik dini kitaplara son yıllarda ilgi azalırken popüler kültürün farklı kanallardan etki alanını genişletmesi ile geleneksel din anlayışlarını aşan yeni türler ülke çapında yaygınlaşma eğilimi göstermektedir. Bu ise dini bilginin popülerleşmesi ve söylemsel düzeyde yeniden üretiminin canlı bir örneği olarak dikkat çekmeye devam etmektedir.
Acordos de livre comércio na América do Sul: O caso UE-Mercosul
Authors: Gomes de Lima Lohayne
Published: June 2022

O presente estudo tem como objetivo central analisar os motivos para a assinatura do acordo de livre comércio entre MERCOSUL e União Europeia e as suas perspectivas na lógica de integração econômica.
El conflicto ruso-ucraniano: algunas cuestiones referentes a las sanciones en el Derecho Internacional y una nueva ¿tendencia?
Authors: Rivero Godoy Juan Manuel
Published: June 2022

El presente trabajo intenta convertirse en una reflexión sobre los recientes acontecimientos vinculados a la invasión o ataque armado de la Federación Rusa a Ucrania. En este sentido, la Carta de Naciones Unidas limita o llama a abstenerse del uso o amenaza de la fuerza a los Estados. Sin embargo, lo que resulta de interés es la reacción que ha suscitado este evento en la“comunidad internacional”, lo que ha generado una condena con llamativa vehemencia. Tan así que se han visto reacciones no solo contra el Estado y el gobierno ruso, sino contra los nacionales de ese país. Ejemplo de ello son las exclusiones de competencias deportivas internacionales (FIFA, COI, ATP, etc.) o de la banca internacional como el sistema SWIFT e incluso solicitudes de suspensión a estudiantes en eventos académicos internacionales como son los MOOT COURT. Estas medidas alteran la seguridad jurídica, el flujo comercial y financiero mundial; y afectan a personas no vinculadas al conflicto,provocando una reacción pocas veces vista, pero que no se ha presenciado en otras situaciones similares. En razón de ello, corresponde analizar la legalidad de estas medidas bajo el actual marco del Derecho Internacional.
Cydalima perspectalis (Walker, 1859) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae: Spilomelinae)’ten izole edilen cry1, cry3 ve cry4 genlerini içeren yerel Bacillus thuringiensis (Berliner, 1915) (Bacteria: Bacillaceae) bakterisine ait insektisidal aktivite
Authors: USTA Mehtap
Published: June 2022

Cydalima perspectalis (Walker, 1859) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae: Spilomelinae) is a primary pest on boxwood. The larvae of this pest cause damage by eating the leaves. They prevent the plant from performing photosynthesis, gnaw the bark of the shoots, damage the cambium layer and thus dry the boxwood shoots and branches. The boxwood moth, which is an exotic species in Türkiye, was first found in gardens and parks in Istanbul in 2011 and subsequently in Artvin and Düzce in 2015, and Bartın in 2016. The aim of this study is to develop a control method for this pest by considering the damage of the species. In this context, bacteria were isolated from the larvae collected from Artvin in May 2021 and bacteria screening was conducted to obtain an effective isolate. At the end of this isolation, Bacillus thuringiensis (Berliner, 1915) (Bacteria: Bacillaceae) was found. When cry gene analysis of this bacterium was performed, it was determined that it contained cry1, cry3 and cry4 genes. The insecticidal activity of this bacterium was tested on C. perspectalis and a mortality rate of 85% was obtained.
Life Cycle Assessment of Microbial Electrolysis Cells for Hydrogen Generation Using TRACI Methodology
Authors: TUTAR ÖKSÜZ Seçil
Published: June 2022

Bioelectrochemical systems (BESs) use electrochemically active microorganisms to convert the chemical energy of organic matter into electrical energy, hydrogen, or other useful products through redox reactions. Microbial electrolysis cell (MEC) is one of the most common BESs which are able to convert organic substrate into energy (such as hydrogen and methane) through the catalytic action of electrochemically active bacteria in the presence of electric current and absence of oxygen. In the past decades, BESs have gained growing attention because of their potential, but there is still a limited amount of research is done for the environmental effects of BESs. This study initially provides an update review for MECs including general historical advancement, design properties, and operation mechanisms. Later, a life cycle assessment (LCA) study was conducted using a midpoint approach, which is TRACI methodology with EIO-LCA model to identify the potential impacts to the environment whether adverse or beneficial using the MECs to produce hydrogen with domestic wastewater as a substrate. The results show that the cumulative negative impacts were substantially larger than the positive impacts by contrast with the expectations, and the cumulative output data show that human health non-cancer impact provides the highest environmental effects than others mainly because of the inorganic chemicals, pumping and wastewater recycling equipment step. In addition, global warming potential and smog creation potential are also elevated mainly due to electricity usage, inorganic chemical and glassware reactor production. Later we are externally normalized each impact category to compare the results at the normalization level, and we again found that human health (cancer or non-cancer) potential provides the most negative impact on the environment in the MEC system originates on human health indicators.
Economic and Technical Performance Assessment of a Thermal Energy Storage System for Ancillary Services
Authors: UMDU Emin Selahattin , BİLİR Levent
Published: June 2022

Increasing renewables in energy mix results in lower emissions but also increased fluctuations in the electricity grid. Current thermal energy conversion-based systems will stay as main electricity generation in the grid, and they will support base loads of the system. Whether these systems are fossil or geothermal sourced they need adaptive technologies to harmonize with the changing network. This study aims to investigate feasibility and performance to satisfy response demands for a proposed thermal energy storage system connected to feed stream of thermal power generation to support ancillary services in a case study in Turkey. Tin is selected as the phase change material for its good inductive properties. It is demonstrated numerically that the evaluated heat storage tank, filled with tin, provides adequate time for thermal discharging within time limits to benefit from hourly ancillary power market. Using hourly pricing data for entire 2020, it is found that proposed system shows better economic performance than investment requirement of ROI over 11% as stated in various literature for renewable energy systems. Analysis of system economic performance shows a ROI of 16% and NPV is 17.8% higher than required investment.
Mecelle-i Ahkâm-ı Adliyye’nin Yazma Metni ile Düstur Metni’nin Karşılaştırılması
Authors: ŞEN Cemalettin
Published: June 2022

İslâm hukuku esas alınarak hazırlanan ilk kanunlardan biri olan Mecelle-i Ahkâm-ı Adliyye, ilga edildikten sonra da pek çok tartışmanın zeminini oluşturmuştur. Bu nedenle Mecelle’ye özellikle fıkıh ve hukuk alanında çok sayıda bilimsel çalışmanın konusu veya kaynağı olarak yer verilmiştir. Söz konusu çalışmaların temelinde Mecelle’ye ait iki önemli metin göze çarpar: Padişah tarafından onaylanan Yazma Metin ve bu metni esas almış olan resmî nitelikli Düstur Metni. Fakat Yazma Metin ve Düstur Metni arasında bazı ifadeler arasında farklılıklar bulunmaktadır. Bazen de kimi var olması gereken ifadelerin söz konusu metinlerde mevcut olmadığı gözlemlenmektedir. Kimi ifadelerde ise her iki metinde de bariz hatalar göze çarpmaktadır. Bu sorunları çözebilecek, doğruya en yakın Mecelle metnini oluşturmak için en önemli iki metin arasında mukayese yapmak zorunlu olmuştur. Bu makalede, Mecelle ile ilgili söz konusu iki metnin titizlikle karşılaştırılması sonucunda elde edilen bulgular bilim dünyasıyla paylaşılmıştır. Böylece Mecelle’ye ilişkin yapılacak çalışmalarda daha güvenilir ve daha doğru sonuçlara ulaşılmasına vesile olunması umulmaktadır.
Modified submental intubation techniques for maxillofacial surgery - A report of five cases -
Authors: Jeon Yeong-gwan , Lee Chunui , Hong Dongeui , Jin Younghyun , Lim Hyun Kyo
Published: June 2022

Background Submental intubation has been the recommended airway management procedure for maxillofacial surgery since proposed by Altemir in 1986. We adopted various submental intubation modifications based on modified intubation protocols and report on the effectiveness and problems of each modified method.Case Among a total of 13 submental intubation cases during the last five years, five representative methods are described. The proximal end of the endotracheal tube was protected by a nelaton catheter in case 1, by a suction connector in case 2, and by a dental needle cap in case 3. In case 4, a nasal speculum was used to expand a single route, and in case 5, a laparoscopic trocar was used to secure a single route.Conclusions Use of a laparoscopic trocar might be the most effective way to obtain a single submental route. However, considering cost, use of a nasal speculum is also an effective suboptimal solution.
Teaching the median with terms of absolute value, differentiability, and optimization
Authors: SATMAN Mehmet Hakan
Published: June 2022

The verbal definition of the sample median sounds a bit strange in the early Statistics courses in the context of being non-mathematical or non-functional. It is also interesting that estimators based on an analytical calculation such as the sample mean are equally strange, but not seen as strange by the students as the median estimator. In this study, we have expanded the studies on teaching the sample median with its optimization definitions. We have also shown that such definitions provide a natural way of understanding the sample median in multivariate case and regression analysis. Seeing that statistical estimators, from the simplest to the most complex, are obtained as a solution to an optimization problem can pave the way for other types of insights.
Can Automated Text Messaging Successfully Monitor Antibiotic Adherence for Urban Adolescents and Young Women Managed for Pelvic Inflammatory Disease in the Outpatient Setting
Authors:   Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona, USA, Rice Bria , Perin Jamie ,   Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA, Huettner Steven ,   Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA, Butz Arlene ,   Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA, Yusuf Hasiya E. ,   Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA, Trent Maria ,   Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
Published: June 2022

Objective This study evaluates patient responsiveness to an automated text messaging system for pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) self-care support, and measures the reliability of text-reported adherence. Design Patients aged 13-25-years with mild to moderate PID were recruited from urban, academic outpatient settings. Enrolled patients received antibiotics and were randomized into a standard of care or intervention group. During a 14-day treatment period, participants in the intervention arm received a community-based nursing visit and daily text message medication reminders with evening prompts to report the number of doses taken. Result Of the 97 participants randomized into the intervention arm, 91 (94%) were eligible for analysis. Most were African American and low income, with a mean age of 18.3 (SD=2.2) years. Participants responded to ~53% (SD=34%) of all dosage inquiry messages. Responsiveness attenuated at approximately 2.2% per day over the treatment period. Ninety-three percent (n=85) of the analyzed intervention arm returned for the two-week follow-up. Despite overall adherence and general responsiveness, text-reported and self-reported medication adherence were not well correlated (r=0.37, p<0.001). Conclusion Our findings show that text messaging is a feasible strategy for reaching urban adolescents being managed for complicated sexually transmitted infections in outpatient settings. However, patient responsiveness to self-care text messages do vary, limiting the adherence monitoring capacity of this technology. Given the number of unanswered text messages and incomplete text-reported adherence data, additional measures to assess adolescents’ adherence to PID medications are needed in clinical trials.