bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Metabolomics of a cell line-derived xenograft model reveals circulating metabolic signatures for malignant mesothelioma
Authors: Gao Yun , Dai Ziyi , Yang Chenxi , Wang Ding , Guo Zhenying , Mao Weimin , Chen Zhongjian
Published: January 2022

Background

Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is a rare and highly aggressive cancer. Despite advances in multidisciplinary treatments for cancer, the prognosis for MM remains poor with no effective diagnostic biomarkers currently available. The aim of this study was to identify plasma metabolic biomarkers for better MM diagnosis and prognosis by use of a MM cell line-derived xenograft (CDX) model.

Methods

The MM CDX model was confirmed by hematoxylin and eosin staining and immunohistochemistry. Twenty female nude mice were randomly divided into two groups, 10 for the MM CDX model and 10 controls. Plasma samples were collected two weeks after tumor cell implantation. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis was conducted. Both univariate and multivariate statistics were used to select potential metabolic biomarkers. Hierarchical clustering analysis, metabolic pathway analysis, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis were performed. Additionally, bioinformatics analysis was used to investigate differential genes between tumor and normal tissues, and survival-associated genes.

Results

The MM CDX model was successfully established. With VIP > 1.0 and P-value < 0.05, a total of 23 differential metabolites were annotated, in which isoleucine, 5-dihydrocortisol, and indole-3-acetamide had the highest diagnostic values based on ROC analysis. These were mainly enriched in pathways for starch and sucrose metabolism, pentose and glucuronate interconversions, galactose metabolism, steroid hormone biosynthesis, as well as phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis. Further, down-regulation was observed for amino acids, especially isoleucine, which is consistent with up-regulation of amino acid transporter genes SLC7A5 and SLC1A3 in MM. Overall survival was also negatively associated with SLC1A5, SLC7A5, and SLC1A3.

Conclusion

We found several altered plasma metabolites in the MM CDX model. The importance of specific metabolic pathways, for example amino acid metabolism, is herein highlighted, although further investigation is warranted.
Reasons for Cancellation of Elective Surgical Operations: A Cross-sectional Study from a Tertiary Care Centre in North-East India
Authors: Sailo Laltanpuii , Sailo Stephen Lalfakzuala , Lyngdoh Nari Mary , Thabah Rajani , Borah Tridip Jyoti , Bhattacharyya Prithwis
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Cancellation of elective surgical operations is defined as an elective operation which is not performed on the scheduled date. The rates and the reasons for cancellation vary in different parts of the world. Cancellation causes increased cost of treatment, loss of daily wage and mental trauma. It also causes under utilisation of hospital resources and loss of training opportunities to surgical trainees. Aim: To estimate the rate of cancellation of elective surgical operations in a tertiary care centre in North-East India and determine the reasons for cancellation. Materials and Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted at a 500 bedded, North-Eastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of Health and Medical Sciences, Shillong, Meghalaya, India, from January 2018 to September 2018. All consecutive elective surgical cases scheduled during this period were included in the study. The rate and the reasons for cancellation were noted. Descriptive statistics was used for analysis of the results. Results: Out of 1812 elective surgical operations scheduled during the study period, 491 operations (27.10%) were cancelled. The most common reasons for cancellation were shortage of time (78.62%), medical causes (10.79%) and administrative problems (4.48%). Cancellation rate was highest in the Department of Surgical Oncology (40.23%), followed by Departments of Orthopaedics (34.51%) and Obstetrics and Gynaecology (OG) (31.02%). Conclusion: The rate of cancellation of elective surgical operation was high (27.10%) and the most common reason was shortage of time and Surgical Oncology Department had highest rate of cancellation.
COVID-19 Associated Rhino-orbito-cerebral Mucormycosis: Clinical Profile and Imaging Spectrum
Authors: Mangal Ritema , Gehlot Prateek Singh , Bang Anuj , Kaushal Arushi , Kolare Rishikesh
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis is a fatal disease caused by saprophytic fungi seen almost exclusively in diabetic and immunocompromised patients. Aim: To describe various imaging findings of mucormycosis, and to emphasise the importance of imaging in its diagnosis and management. Materials and Methods: A retrospective, observational, single centre study was done including patients with clinical and microbiological evidence of rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis, who had a history of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection and had undergone Computed Tomography (CT) and/ or Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scan of the head, orbit, and paranasal sinuses during the period of one month from 1st-31st May 2021. The clinical and imaging data of 67 such cases were interpreted and analysed by two radiologists. Results: The study included 67 patients out of which 44 were male and 23 were female, and the average age of patients was 49±13 years. During their treatment for COVID-19, 55 (82.08%) patients had a history of hospitalisation and administration of supplemental oxygen, all 67 (100%) patients had taken broad spectrum antibiotics, 56 (83.58%) patients had taken steroids, 20 (29.85%) patients previously had a history of diabetes with worsening of glycaemic control during COVID-19 infection, and 47 (70.15%) patients were diagnosed with new onset hyperglycaemia. On imaging i.e., on CT and/or MRI with or without contrast, the infection was found to primarily affect the sino-nasal region. There was unilateral or bilateral involvement of single or multiple paranasal sinuses in all 67 patients with involvement of nasal cavity in 42 patients. Maxillary sinus was the most common and consistently involved sinus seen in all 67 patients, followed by ethmoid sinus seen in 54 patients. Additionally, 56 patients had extra-sinus disease with spread along vessels, nerves, or via bone erosion. CT showed soft tissue thickening, oedema, and fat stranding with or without bone erosion as the predominant finding in involved areas, while MRI showed Short Tau Inversion Recovery (STIR) hyperintense soft tissue thickening and postcontrast enhancement as the main finding. Conclusion: There is a complex interplay of various COVID-19 infection and treatment related factors that are responsible for increased susceptibility to mucormycosis infection. Imaging plays an important role in aiding the diagnosis, determining the extent and spread of infection, guiding the extent of the surgical intervention, and determining the prognosis of these patients. The contrast enhanced MRI along with plain CT should be the preferred choice of imaging.
Morphological, Physical and Biochemical Characteristics of the three Main Varieties of Mango (Mangifera indica L.) Cultivated in the Poro Region (North of Côte d'Ivoire)
Authors: Serge Guédé Séri , Mélanie Adombi Caroline , Abdoulaye Touré
Published: January 2022

Mango processing in Côte d'Ivoire is limited by data failure on characteristics of mango varieties. The purpose of this work is to contribute to the valorization of the main varieties of mango (Amelie, Kent and Keitt) cultivated in Côte d'Ivoire through the evaluation of their morphological, physical and biochemical parameters.

Between May and June 2020, ten ripe fruits of each variety were randomly selected from ten batches of mangoes from different producers in the Poro region. After sampling, morphological, physical and biochemical parameters were determined at the biochemistry - microbiological laboratory of Peleforo Gon Coulibaly University in the month of June 2020.

This study showed that the mangoes Kent and Amelie were bigger than those of Keitt. However, when ripe, the three mango varieties studied had each a specific gravity close to 1 g/cm3; they could therefore float on water. They were elongated in shape and corresponded to the caliber group B of mangoes exportable to the European market. The high values of pulp proportions (82.70 to 83.62%), pulp/stone ratios (12.71 to 13.33) and waste indices (4.69 to 5.20) gave them interesting aptitudes for industrial processing. With high moisture contents (77.80 to 84.80%), low fiber contents (0.53 to 0.84%) and acidity values (0.20 to 0.50%), interesting ascorbic acid contents (45.02 to 46.25 mg/100g ), TSS contents (15.51 to 18.50 °Brix) conforming to standard for fruit juices and nectars, the mango varieties studied would be suitable for making puree, juice or ice cream. However, with a higher sugars/acidity ratio (73.46), mango variety Kent would be more suitable for drying and making frozen or canned mango pieces; while those of Amelie and Keitt would be suitable for the manufacture of purees, concentrates and drinks.

The results of this study could guide processors in the choice of varieties according to the types of derived products. They are interesting and should be deepened by including other varieties (improved and local) cultivated in Côte d'Ivoire.
Protective Role of Different Local Spices on Lambda Cyhalothrin Induced Nephrotoxicity in Male Mice
Authors: Orlu Eme Efioanwan , Obulor Adetutu Olubunmi
Published: January 2022

Aim: This study was aimed at evaluating the protective role of different local spices on lambda cyhalothrin induced nephrotoxicity in male mice

Experimental Design: A completely randomized experimental design using standard methods for analysis.

Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out in the Animal house, Department of Animal and Environmental Biology of Rivers State University, Nkpolu-Oroworukwo Port Harcourt, Nigeria. GPS 4o47'50''N 6o58'49''E. This study lasted for 35days.

Methodology: The experimental animals were separated into 6 groups (A-F) of seven mice each. Group A served as the control and Group B – F served as the test groups. At the end of the 35 day treatment period, feed was withdrawn from the mice 24 hours before termination of the experiment. Blood samples for analysis of kidney function test were collected from each mouse by ocular puncture into plain tubes. The blood was allowed to clot and centrifuged at 2500g to separate the serum from the cells. Total protein was analyzed using the spectrophotometric method of biuret, Bradford and erythrosine – b, albumin was estimated, creatinine and urea was done using enzymatic method. Vital organs were removed and weighed for organosomatic indices. Histological sections of the kidney were mounted on slides, stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E). Photomicrographs were generated.

Results: There is no significant difference (P=0.05) between the organ weight and bodyweight in group A compared with the treatment groups. The values of Albumin, total protein, urea, creatinine and total bilirubin increased significantly in group B administered lambda cyhalothrin alone but decreased in groups administered the local spices. Histopathological analysis of the kidney shows the regular structure of the kidney architecture in group A, tubular degeneration and several vacuolations were observed in group B. However, less degeneration of the epithelial cells, regeneration of renal tubular epithelium were observed in groups C- F.

Conclusion: Based on the results from liver biomarkers and histological micrographs from this study, pronounced degeneration was observed in the kidney cells exposed to lambda-cyhalothrin only. Moreover, all spices used had a regenerating ability on the kidney tubules. It is advocated therefore that consumption of this spices either singly or in combination should be encouraged especially for those exposed to insecticides poisoning
Thyroid Disorders and Diabetes Mellitus: Prevalence and Assosciation
Authors: Hafez Ahmed Mai Hassan , Elmageed Mohammed Rasha Mohammed Abd
Published: January 2022

Background: Diabetes mellitus and thyroid dysfunction are closely related. Numerous studies have reported an increased prevalence of thyroid disorders in diabetic patients, especially in type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Objectives: Therefore, the purpose of this review is to discuss the numerous underlying mechanisms behind the relationship between diabetes mellitus and thyroid dysfunction in order to demonstrate that the correlation between these two prevalent conditions is unlikely to be a coincidental finding.

Review: Diabetes and Thyroid disorders are characterized by endocrine system dysfunction. Thyroid hormones influence glucose metabolism in different ways, for example, they increase absorption of glucose from the gut, increase GLUT-2 level, regulate energy balance, and cause increased lipolysis which ultimately raises glucose levels in the body. Furthermore, thyroid hormones interact with adiponectin, leptin, ghrelin, to affect glucose metabolism. Additionally, studies suggest that hyperthyroidism impairs diabetic glycemic control, whereas hypothyroidism increases the risk of hypoglycemia, further complicating diabetes management.

Conclusion: This paper emphasizes thyroid abnormalities, if left untreated, can raise the risk of several diabetes complications including retinopathy, neuropathy, and nephropathy, and can worsen diabetic symptoms. As a result, treating subclinical hypothyroidism or hypothyroidism in diabetic individuals can be advantageous. Therefore, a systematic method for early thyroid testing in diabetic patients to avoid severe complications is highly recommended.
Livelihood Challenges and Mitigation Strategies Adopted During COVID-19 Lockdown Period
Authors: Daniel Lelith , Gupte Rajani , Gore Manisha , Barve Samir , Shikalgar Shirin , Pathak Revathi , Saraf Abhay
Published: January 2022

Over the past century, apart from COVID-19, human civilization has seen five other significant pandemics such as the H1N1 outbreak in 2009, Ebola outbreak in West Africa in 2014, and subsequent outbreak in Congo in 2019, Zika outbreak in 2016, etc. However, of all these outbreaks, perhaps the COVID-19 pandemic is unparalleled due to the global proportions that it has assumed. The severity of the epidemic can be seen in terms of the number of lives lost and the multi-dimensional impact that COVID-19 has had upon the economies of nations and lives of people. Beyond the physical sphere of human life, COVID-19 has also impacted human life's social, mental, and economic aspects.

This study was conducted to understand the livelihood challenges faced by the residents of 5 villages in Mulshi taluka during the lockdown period. In-depth interviews were conducted with three respondents from each village (15 respondents). The study drew upon the insights given by key opinion leaders in the towns such as Sarpanch and elected members of the gram panchayat, ASHA workers, ration shop owners etc. Identify the livelihood challenges faced by the people during the lockdown imposed due to COVID-19. Describe the strategies adopted by the people to overcome the challenges to livelihood faced by the people.

The residents of the village's studies faced various challenges related to agriculture such as lack of manpower to harvest produce, lack of transportation facilities to transport produce to markets, lack of storage facilities to store agricultural produce etc, loss of employment faced by daily wage laborers due to non-operational status of small businesses during the lockdown period and challenges due to reverse migration.
Prediction of Accuracy in Emergency Health Records using Hybrid Machine Learning Model
Authors: Raghavendra G. S. , Mahesh Shanthi , Rao M. V. P. Chandra Sekhara
Published: January 2022

The quantity of digital information contained in electronic health records(EHR) has increased dramatically during the last ten years. Numerous researchers have discovered that these records may be used for a variety of other purposes as well, including applications in clinical informatics. Additionally, within the same time period, significant advancements in the area of deep learning have been made by the machine learning community. Using EHR data, we examine the existing research on applying deep learning to clinical activities. In this article we will discuss various deep learning techniques used for the classification of electronic health records along with proposing of Hybrid model for finding classification accuracy of various models.
Level of Awareness and Knowledge of Folic Acid Intake among Women in the Reproductive Age in ARAR Region, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alanazi Abdulrahman Mazki , Alanazi Abdullah Juayf , Alanazi Yasir Wadi , Alanazi Muhammad Sari , Rezk Ghada , Hammad Sabry Mohamed
Published: January 2022

Background: Folic acid reduces the risk of neural tube defects. As approximately 50% of pregnancies are unintended, women of reproductive age should be aware of the importance of folic acid. This study aims to assess the level of awareness and knowledge among childbearing female on the importance of preconception folic acid supplementation in preventing neural tube defects (NTDs) in Arar city.

Methodology: A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Arar city, Norther Saudi Arabia on included Saudi women in reproductive age. A pre-designed online questionnaire was used for data collection. Data was entered and analyzed using statistical package for Social Sciences Program, version 20 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, Illinois, USA). The results were displayed as counts, percentages. Appropriate statistical tests will be used for comparisons. P ≤ 0.05 is considered significant.

Results: The sample consisted of 428 women in reproductive age, 60.1% aged between 30 to 40 years, 39% aged between 20 to 30 years and only 0.9% aged between 18 to 20 years old. 91.8% were married. 85% of participants reported that their doctor prescribed folic pills for them before. 95.1% think that women should take folic acid pills in pregnancy while 75.2% think that it is necessary to take folic pills pre-pregnancy. 85.3% had taken folic acid pills in previous pregnancy. 31.3% think that it should be stopped after pregnancy. 84.6% think that folate deficiency causes fetal abnormalities. Only 8.4% of studied women reported attending seminar or lecture on folic acid importance.

Conclusion: The results of the current study affirmed good knowledge of folic acid supplementation usage during pregnancy among women in Arar, KSA. There was a significant association between knowledge of folic acid taking importance during pregnancy with marital status, number of children, and educational level of participants.
Causes and Management of Recurrent Pregnancy Loss, a Review
Authors: Bishrah Mazen , Abdulhadi Alabdullah, Walaa , Omar M. Alserehi,  Fatimah , Alansari Alanood Khalid , Alhindi Ghada Abdulhai , Basheer Melebary, Talal , Yamani Amani Nabil , Abdulmohsin A. Almojel, Shaden , Abohasel Saad Aied Saeed , Ahmed H. Abutaleb, Atheer , Mahdi Banan Ali Ahmed , Sait Salam Atif , Alotaibi Lamya essa , Mustafa Tagwa hassan mabrouk
Published: January 2022

Recurrent Pregnancy Loss (RPL) is defined as two or more consecutive failed clinical pregnancies verified by ultrasound or histopathology. It is an important reproductive health issue, affecting 2%–5% of women. Up to one half of all cases of RPL have no identifiable cause. Etiology of the RPL is linked to several genetic, environmental, endocrinal, and anatomic factors which all will be discussed in this article. Treatment of RPL depends on the underlying cause behind it, and thus diagnosis and identifying of such factors plays major role into treating it. Lifestyle changes also is encouraged. Stress, smoking, drinking cessation, and weight loss can be all helpful. In this article we’ll be looking at RPL causes, and management.
To Impact of Vit-D in Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients Receiving DOTS
Authors: Bhadarge Gangaram , Hadke Saurabh , Bhatt Neha , Kaple Meghali
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Vitamin D, also known as calciferol, is a fat-soluble vitamin that helps regulate bone metabolism and calcium homeostasis in humans. Vitamin D from the skin and right is passed on by the liver to 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25 (OH) D, which is used to assess a patient's vitamin D status. The enzyme 25-hydroxyvitamin D-1hydroxylase converts 25 (OH) D into 1, 25-dihydroxy vitamin D (1,25 (OH) 2 D) in the kidneys. Vitamin D is essential for good health. Turning the immune system to the host (MTB). Cathelicidin, an anti-bacterial peptide that prevents mycobacterium from replicating macrophages, shown to be stimulated by vitamin D. In cases of tuberculosis, high levels of serum vitamin D and hypocalcaemia. Enhanced macrophages may be blamed for high calcitriol levels in granulomas. Low levels of vitamin D, on the other hand, linked and tuberculosis (PTB) in several studies conducted worldwide.

Aim: Study of Vit-D In Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients Receiving treatment.

Materials and Methods: This study included 40 newly diagnosed PTB patients of both sex with the age group of 18-60. The patients were comprised before and after the DOTS therapy. Time period of this study were from September 2020 to Арril 2021 а nоn-rаndоmised соntrоlled trial.

Results: The weight of patients before DOTS was decreased as compare to the weight after DOTS. The level of vitamin D significantly raised in newly diagnosed PTB patients while the vitamin D level was decreased after DOTS therapy.

Conclusion: Decreased level of vit-D in the blood can be linked to an increased risk of tuberculosis. As a result, serum Vit-D levels in TB patients can be necessary to control, as Vit-D deficiency may develop without symptoms and intensify once TB therapy starts.
Comparative Study of Combination of Oral Tranexamic Acid with Modified Kligman’s Formula Versus Oral Tranexamic Acid with Azelaic Acid 15% in the Treatment of Melasma
Authors: Singh Riddhima , Maheshwari Praveen
Published: January 2022

Background: Melasma refers to acquired hyper-pigmentary condition effecting skin. Owing to its multifactorial causation and chronicity, there is an increased need for new multimodality therapies to treat melasma more effectively and to prevent the side effects seen with the conventional modalities of treatment.

Objectives: Compare efficacy of combining oral Tranexamic Acid and Azelaic Acid 15% with that of Oral Tranexamic Acid (TA) and Modified Kligman’s Formula. Also, to record any adverse effects of combining these agents.

Methods: Patients having Melasma who will be coming to Dermatology OPD, AVBRH, Sawangi, Wardha, will be enrolled after considering the various inclusion and exclusion criteria. A detailed history will be asked, which will be followed by a cutaneous examination that includes the calculation of MASI (Melasma Area and Severity Index).

One Group (A) - participants will receive - Oral 500 mg Tranexamic acid OD plus Modified Kligman’s Formula (fluocinolone acetonide 0.01%, tretinoin 0.05%, and hydroquinone 2%) cream one time at night only.

Second Group (B)- participants will receive -  Oral 500 mg Tranexamic Acid OD plus Azelaic Acid 15% gel once daily at night only.

Both groups will also receive Broad-spectrum sunscreen SPF-30 daily (3 hourly).

Patients will be called for regular follow up at 4 weeks and 8 weeks (for early results). Clinical photos will be clicked at every follow-up visit and MASI score shall be doocumented.

Expected Results: To analyze efficacy of combining Oral TA along with Azelaic Acid 15% and if it provides better results, we can avoid the undesirable side effects that are seen on prescribing the Modified Klingman’s Formula, in Melasma patients.

Conclusion: This study will help us in analyzing efficacy of combining Oral TA with Azelaic Acid 15%, therefore will provide a newer treatment modality with lesser side effects and maybe better results than the gold standard- Modified Klingman’s Formula.
A Case Report on Acute Necrotizing Pancreatitis and Nursing Management
Authors: Shiwarkar Vaishnavi , Raut Arati , Ankar Ruchira , Sakharkar Sheetal , Wawre Sonali
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Necrotizing pancreatitis (NP) is a health problem in which part of pancreas dies. This is because of inﬂammation or injury. If the dead tissue gets infected, it can cause serious issues. Pancreatitis is inﬂammation of the pancreas. During recurring attacks of pancreatitis, tissues within pancreas may die and later become infected. This condition is called as acute necrotizing pancreatitis.

Case Presentation: A 48 yr old male visited in AVBRH with the chief complaints of pain in epigastric region, recurrent vomiting, and abdominal distention since 7 days. Otherwise client was alright. After undergoing investigations such as complete blood count, liver function test, kidney function test, CT Scan (Computed tomography) and sonography etc. He was diagnosed with Acute Necrotizing Pancreatitis and was admitted to male medi- cine ward No.29. He had past medical history of pain in epigastric region, fever, abdominal distention, since 5days. For these complaints his family members referred him in “Get Life Hospital” at Amravati. He was treated with antibiotics, analgesic, After CT scan, Sonography it was found that there was Acute pan- creatitis. That’s why his family members admitted him at A.V.B.R Hospital for further treatment.

Conclusion: These results support nonsurgical management, including early antibiotic treatment, in patients with sterile pancreatic necrosis. Patients respond well to treatment.
Anthropometric Analysis of Human Knee Joint in Indian Population
Authors: Ambade Ratnakar , Jaiswal Ankit
Published: January 2022

Background: It is well understood that distal femoral and proximal tibia scale is lower in case of the Asian than that of their western counterparts. Because of the Asian population's comparatively smaller structure and stature, many surgeons claim that imported implants may not be well fitted for Asian origin patients, mainly based on Western morphometry. It is very likely that an overweight section will be used in many Asian centres in most operations, resulting in low results of the procedure of the implant. For joint substitution of distal femur, careful positioning of fitted implants as well as balancing of underlying soft tissues is important. It is also important to use incredibly complex surgical procedures. To retain its usual functional motion spectrum, use of a suitable femoral part dimension is necessary. Furthermore, owing to a discrepancy between the size of the prosthesis and the bone, there could be a host of serious issues.

Objectives: To calculate the anthropometric distal femur parameter and determine the distal femur variations on the right and left side of the morph metric measurement and to evaluate dimension of current TKA as related to Indian population.

Methodology: This study included visiting the out patients Department of Orthopedics, at AVBRH in the age group 30-50 year during the period of June-2020 to April-2023 with sample size of 50 patients.

Detailed history and clinical review will be taken, including age, sex, socio-economic background, type of employment. In all patients involved in the study in Orthopedic OPD, thorough radiological assessment of all the knee joints will be performed. The radiological test and various anthropometrics will include knee joint Simple X-ray and CT-Scan.

Expected Results: We expect that from our results, anthropometric measurements of Indian population may differ from other literatures.
Otorhinolaryngological Manifestations in COVID-19: Review of Recent Evidence
Authors: Alherabi Ameen Z. , Alharthi Bassam T. , Felemban Jeehad M. , Alharthi Hareth H. , Alrefai Mohammed T.
Published: January 2022

Objectives: In this review we provide an updated concise review about the most common Otorhinolaryngological symptoms in COVID-19 patients.

Methods: A searched strategy designed on published literature in different large medical databases and journals using various keywords to get the recent described manifestations.

Results: 25 included studies that focused on ENT symptoms and involved the confirmed cases only. 6276 patients were accounted for the results which showed that the most prevalent ENT manifestation were cough in 3498 (56%) patients, headache in 2013 (32%) patients, sore throat in 1966 (31%) patients, anosmia in 1340 (21%) patients, loss of taste in 914 (15%) patients, and rhinorrhea in 196 (3%) patients.

Conclusion: Cough was the commonest symptoms which should raise the suspicion to do COVID-19 swab especially if associated with smell and taste disorder.
Implication of Buteyko Breathing Technique in Asthmatic Population: A Literature Review
Authors: Patil Saloni , Rani P. Shilna , Kumar K. U. Dhanesh
Published: January 2022

Background: Complementary and experimental medicine is gaining interest in the treatment of asthma around the world. This study summarizes the literature on complementary and alternative medicine approaches that use breathing retraining, i.e Buteyko breathing technique (BBT) as a primary component.

Aim: The aim of this research is to provide background for BBT, analyse the available evidence for its efficacy and evaluate the physiological framework behind it.

Methods: The analysis of literature is carried out by studying papers from electronic databases such as Cochrane, Medline, Embase, AMED, PEDro, Google Scholar, Elsevier, APTA, Campbell, Web of Science, and Research Gate.

Conclusion: Individual studies using BBT consistently showed a reduction in asthma medication use. In either of the BBT experiments, no significant difference in lung ability was found. BBT detractors argue that drug reduction can be due to the physicians' influence, which is difficult to determine. Longer follow-up is needed to show that the improvement in asthma treatment as measured by drug usage is sustained over a clinically appropriate time span.
COVID-19: Source, Symptoms, Screening, Prevention and Treatment
Authors: Suda Nikita , Jha Rakesh Kumar , Meshram Supriya
Published: January 2022

Background: COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by the newly acquired SARS-COV2 virus. The disease is rapidly changing, as well as our understanding of the emerging virus. Not knowing what it was at the beginning of the year 2020, scientists have been able to classify, track, classify, and establish diagnostic tests. Severe illness may strike the elderly and those with chronic illnesses, such as heart disease, diabetes, or cancer.

Conclusion: Over the past four decades, the emergence of new infectious, global threats has reshaped national and international thinking and the level of public health responses needed to combat these threats. All countries are at risk of new diseases, according to International Health Regulations.
A New Genetic Insight for Orphan Renal Disorder, Fabry: A Review
Authors: Karemore Pragati , Kumar Dinesh , Kumar Anil
Published: January 2022

Fabry is the rare X-linked genetic disorder caused due to mutation in Alpha –Galactosidase encoding GLA gene mutation in chromosome number 22. It has wide diversification in prevalence due to clinical heterozygosity. There are some potential biomarkers for the evaluation of normal or altered genes responsible for Fabry. Advances in the research of biomarkers over the years have made significant development for several clinical indicators, viz.  urine-derived cells, oxidative stress, DNA methylation, etc. At present days the recommended therapies for the disease are Enzyme Replacement Therapy (ERT), Chaperone therapy (CT), and mRNA-based therapy, besides, some second-generation therapies which are still under clinical trials.
Three Distomolar in Single Patient: A Unique Case Report
Authors: Rasheed M. Jaafari, Fatimah , Somili Alanood Mansour , Rubaydi Ghaliah Ahmed , Masmali Lujain Mahdi Hussin , Ali Fareedi Mukram
Published: January 2022

Supernumerary teeth are defined as those in addition to the normal series of deciduous or permanent dentition. Supernumerary teeth are more prevalent among males and in the permanent dentition. The exact etiology of supernumerary teeth is unknown, they may occur anywhere in the oral cavity. They may appear as a single tooth or multiple teeth, unilaterally or bilaterally, erupted or impacted in maxilla or both jaws.

Fourth molars, also called distomolars, are a variant in shape and number appearing as alterations during odontogenesis. They can be eumorphic or dismorphic, single or multiple, erupted or impacted, unilateral or bilateral, and can appear in both jaws. They are of unknown etiology, but there are several theories to justify these tooth alterations such as dental lamina duplication, its horizontal proliferation or its hyperactivity.

Hereby, we are presenting a unique case report of presence of three distomolars in a single patient at maxillary left side and mandibular right and left side.
A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Planned Teaching Programme on the Knowledge Regarding Management of Pre-Eclampsia among Antenatal Mothers
Authors: Chaudhari Mahesh K. , Dandade Shiwani P. , Borkar Saurabh D. , Borkar Shivani K. , Teltumbde Archana
Published: January 2022

Background of the Study: Pre-eclampsia is a multisystem disorder with an unknown aetiology that appears as hypertension of 140/90 mm hg or higher with proteinuria after the 20th week in a previously normotensive and non-proteinuric woman. Pre-eclampsia is unique among hypertension illnesses in terms of the effects it has on maternal and newborn health. It is a leading cause of maternal and neonatal mortality and morbidity around the world.

Objectives of the Study: 1. To assess the existing knowledge regarding pre-eclampsia among antenatal mothers. 2. To evaluate the effectiveness of planned teaching on knowledge regarding pre-eclampsia among antenatal mothers. 3. To find out the association between knowledge score with selected Demographic variables.

Materials and Methods: 100 samples were taken from selected Hospital Wardha by Non probability sampling technique. Research design descriptive survey was used. Statistical compare ANOVA and t-test formula used.

Results: In pre test Antenatal mothers have 65% fair knowledge regarding pre-eclampsia , and mean knowledge score was 2.02%. In post-test of Antenatal mothers have 52% Excellent knowledge and mean knowledge score was 0.97 % regarding management of pre-eclampsia.

Conclusion: It is concluded that In Pre – test level of knowledge score fair was 65 % and mean knowledge score was 2.02 % And In Post - test level of knowledge score excellent was 52 % andmean knowledge score was 0.97 %. Study conclude that their is lack of knowledge of Pre-eclampsia among antenatal mothers. After the completion of the study it is revealed that the planned teaching program was effective in gaining the knowledge regarding management of pre-eclampsia among antenatal mothers. It can improve their health status and prevent from sideeffect.
A Review on Myths and Facts about COVID-19
Authors: Sheikh Areeba Abid , Jain Pradip , Patel Praful
Published: January 2022

Background: Myth is widely held but false idea or a belief. It is usually backed by religious, traditional , customs and rituals which tries to manipulate public mindset. Since the spread of Covid-19 Pandemic, myths are being believed by people .In this review article I am providing information about Myths and its actual facts about COVID-19 which are essential to be known so as to stop the spread of Myths by some set of people for own gains or either due to lack of Scientific Information It takes too long to debunk a myth by presenting facts.

Conclusion: Myths have been believed by common people at large whenever a new disease or virus is identified. These Myths have potential to spread more vigorously than the virus itself Myths can have detrimental effects on various aspects of physical, mental and social health. These myths should be curbed by providing evidence based information which can stop its spread. Therefore strict possible measures as discussed above should be taken by respective authorities.
Comparison of Efficacy of Preloading With 0.9% Normal Saline with Premptive Dose of Ephedrine for Attenuation of Hemodynamic Response during Propofol Induction
Authors: Ramanan R.
Published: January 2022

Two different regimes propofol-normal saline vs propofol -ephedrine in prevention of hypotension during induction of anaesthesia, significant decrease in Systolic blood pressure (P<0.001) in both groups (both fluid and non-fluid groups) after induction of anaesthesia with propofol was observed. The incidence of hypo-tension was significant in control and crystalloid group when compared with ephedrine group. Systolic blood pressure decreased in all three groups and decrease in Systolic blood pressure at 2min, 3min and 5min with P values. 0.010, 0.00, 0.000 respectively. Also decrease in Mean Arterial pressure in P group when compared with E-group at 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5min with P values 0.038, 0.02, 0.012 and 0.029 respectively.
Case Report on Rom Exercises Effective in Reducing Pain and Discomfort in Hodgkin’s Lymphoma
Authors: Nade Viwek , Tembhare Vaishali , Ankar Ruchira , Sakharkar Sheetal , Dhengare Archana , More Swapana , Sakharwade Prerana , Meshram Khushbu
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Hodgkin lymphoma, which also accounts up 11% of all lymphomas, is named Hodgkin's disease. This malignant disease is known as the Reed-Sternberg-cell, which is situated in lymph-nodes and is characterized by the proliferation of irregular gait. The disease occurs more often in those between 15-30 years and over 55 and is doubling prevalent in women, in men and women. The sickness is bimodal age specific. The frequency in India is around 1 in 25,000 inhabitants. However, for all stages, long-term survival is around 80%.

Clinical Findings: The onset of symptoms is usually insidious but usually used for frequent diagnosis are: Extension of lymph nodes in area of cervical, axillary or inguinal, extraordinary weight loss, Fatigue, Weakness, fever, chills, tachycardia, sweating or nocturnal sweat.

Diagnostic Evaluation: Peripheral analysis of the blood, Biopsy of Excision of lymph node, Examination of bone marrow, Radiological study

Therapeutic Management: Chemotherapy and radiation therapy or some may need immunotherapy or stem cell transplant.

Outcome: After treatment, the child showed great improvement.

Conclusion: A 11 year male child was admitted to pediatric ward no.22 in AVBRH on 25/05/2021 with a unique case of Hodgkin’s lymphoma with severe pain and discompfort. He was admitted in hospital and all investigation and treatment were started. After getting medical treatment and physiotherapy he shows great improvement and the treatment was still going on till my last date of care.
Development and Validation of Ultraviolet and Reverse Phase-high Performance Liquid Chromatographic Method for Estimation of Cilnidipine
Authors: Samantaray Biswajit , Panda Jagannath , Mahapatra Satyapriya , Ray Kajal , Kanhar Satish
Published: January 2022

Aim: The current experiment was to develop and validate a straight forward RP-HPLC methodology for the determination of Cilnidipine.

Methodology: UV spectroscopy was used to estimate Cilnidipine. Action separation of Cilnidipine was achieved by employing a C18 column. Mobile phase combination of methanol: water (90:10 v/v) was tense at the flow of 1 ml/min. Detection was performed at 241 nm. Validation parameters were evaluated in line with the International conference on harmonization (ICH) Q2R1 guidelines.

Results: The standardization curve was linear within the varying concentration of 2-10 mg/ml for Cilnidipine with parametric statistic (r2) equal to 0.999. The tactic was found to be accurate (101.66% recovery), precise (intraday, 1.65 and inter day, 1.38) and robust (% RSD was calculated to be 0.66, 0.58 and 0.81 for variation in mobile phase composition, wave length and flow velocity respectively) for the analysis of Cilnidipine.

Conclusion: The developed method has passed all the validation tests and can be successfully applied to estimate the presence of Cilnidipine in bulk as well as in pharmaceutical formulations.
The Impact of Hyperthecosis on Sporting Performance of Female Players
Authors: Zara Syeda Maryam , Sattar Sumera , Tabassum Yasmeen , Akhtar Shagufta , Shafqat Mahnoor
Published: January 2022

Testosterone is an anabolic hormone that increases muscle mass and strength, stimulates erythropoiesis, promotes competitive behavior and enhances the sporting performance of female athletes. A comparative study was designed on forty female athletes who were selected from the three public and private sector universities of Lahore, they had been diagnosed with HTC by a qualified gynecologist based on clinical features and lab tests. At the same time, a healthy group of female athletes (n=40) was selected from participants of the same population and having regular menses and showed no clinical features of HTC. The main objectives of the study included: 1) to compare both the groups of female athletes on clinical features of HTC, and 2) to compare both the groups on self-perceived sports performance. Data collection was done using two different instruments involving the “Hyperthecosis Questionnaire (HTCQ)” and “Athlete’s Subjective Performance Scale (ASPS)”. Data analyses involved descriptive analysis followed by an “Independent Sample t test’ to compare the physical and psychological impact of HTC and ANOVA was applied to analyze the impact of HTC on sports performance. There were significant differences between female athletes with HTC and those with Non-HTC on physical and psychological conditions. It can be concluded that female athletes with HTC were more concerned about their physical and psychological conditions. Moreover, their sporting performance was statistically significantly higher than Non-HTC athletes, which is attributed to higher energy levels caused by HTC itself.
Comparitive Study of Glutathione-S-Transferase Isoenzyme and Vitamin D Levels in Smokers and Non-smokers
Authors: Ambad Ranjit S. , Nagtilak Suryakant , Hawale Dattu , Anjankar Ashish
Published: January 2022

Background: In developed countries, cigarette smoking is the leading preventable cause of morbidity and mortality. In the second half of this century, dramatic changes in the prevalence of cigarette smoking in the United States reduced current smoking levels to approximately one quarter of the adult population, reducing gender differences in smoking prevalence and smoking-attributable diseases. Cigarette smoking is a serious risk factor for lung cancer, which is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in both men and women in the United States and around the world.

Aim: Comparative Study of Glutathione-S-Transferase Isoenzyme mu and Vitamin-D Levels in Smokers and Non-Smokers.

Materials and Methods: A total of 100 people aged 20 to 55 years old who came to Shalinitai Meghe hospital in Nagpur for a health check-up were chosen for the research. Non-smokers make up the control group, while smokers make up the research group. There are 50 patients in each group. ELISA was used to determine vitamin D status. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect GST-µ in heparinized whole blood.

Results: GST-µ was found to be mostly positive in smokers, and it was also found to be raised in heavy smokers (6.39±3.2) than light smokers (4.56±0.78). GST-µ is positive in light smokers. GST-µ is nearly equal in smokers (5.24±0.95) and heavy smokers relative to others.

Conclusion: Quitting smoking for a longer period of time was related to higher vitamin D levels than current smoking. Furthermore, the GST-µ measure used in our research may be used to show differences in cytogenetic damage between smokers who have a genetically defined detoxification enzyme and those who do not.
Circulatory Glutathion S Transferases Estimation in Chronic Alcoholics Vising Urban and Rural Health Center
Authors: Ambad Ranjit S. , Nagtilak Suryakant , Bhadarge Gangaram , Kaple Meghali
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Excessive alcohol consumption is a global healthcare problem with enormous social, economic, and clinical consequences, accounting for 3.3 million deaths in 2012. Glutathione (GSH) is tri-peptide thiol with chemical name γ glutamyl-cysteinyl-glycine the properties of glutathione are conferred to it by highly reactive thiol present in one of its constituent amino acids- cysteine, hence they referred as GSH. Xenobiotics form thioether (-S) linkage with GSH. The reaction is catalysed by enzyme known as glutathione S Transferases (GSTs). The cytoplasmic GSTs are important in the xenobiotic metabolism and are present in higher concentration in liver.

Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted in the Dept. of Biochemistry in collaboration with Dept. of General Medicine at Datta Meghe Medical College, Nagpur. In present study includes 40 diagnosed alcoholic liver disease patients and 40 non-alcoholic healthy subjects as control group who are permanent nt of study area.

Results: The level of GST was raised in chronic alcoholic patients i.e. study group (43.25±15.94) as compare to control group (1.57±0.55). At the other hand the level of total thiol were decreased in study group (3.12±0.55) as compare to control group.

Conclusions: The strong negative association between glutathione-s-transferase (GST) and total thiol (T-SH) levels suggested that as the concentration of total thiol (T-SH) decreased, glutathione-s-transferase activity increased (GST). This may be attributed to an increase in alcohol-induced oxidative stress and increased T-SH utilization from thiols.
Hematological Parameters in Pregnant Women with Special Reference to Iron
Authors: Shekhar Shubhranshu
Published: January 2022

Several biological factors, particularly haematological, are physiologically altered during normal pregnancy. Biologists and doctors who are aware of these changes in the maternal body can screen for potential abnormalities. The aim of this research is to find healthy pregnant women's reference values. This was a cross-sectional research of pregnant women who attended an antenatal clinic at Sree Balaji Medical College, with anaemic and non-anemic pregnant women. Pregnant women were categorized into three groups -Group I - First Trimester (50 cases); Group II - Second Trimester (50 cases) and Group III - Third Trimester (72 cases) while non­ pregnant women formed the fourth group (30 cases). A statistically significant difference between the pregnant women and control group was noted (p < 0.05) for all the hematological parameters: red blood cells, hematocrit, hemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, leukocytes, neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, platelets and mean platelet volume. The present study provides additional baseline data for basic hematological parameters in healthy pregnant women and concluded that pregnancy in women has the tendency to alter some hematological indices.