bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Methodological Approaches in Assessing the Possibility of Using Waste Electrocorundum Materials in Concrete Compositions
Authors: Tukhareli V.D. , Pushkarskaya O.Y. , Tukhareli A.V.
Published: October 2018

Heat-resistant concretes have been successfully used in many heat units and building structures. Making concrete heat-resistant is possible through the development of a heat-resistant phosphate matrix, aluminophosphate binder. The compositions of high-refractory concretes on aluminophosphate binder with electrocorundum and chrome-aluminous slag have relatively high strength up to 70 MPa after heat treatment. Wastes generated as a result of technological activities of enterprises have several technical and economic advantages as industrial raw materials. After passing the production possibility frontier, the material not only has not lost its properties, but became more prepared with the position of the grain composition and growth of specific surface area, heat treatment for use in the technology of concrete and refractory concrete, in particular, as heat-resistant fillers. The methodological approach in the study of defective ceramic-bond abrasive wheels has been proposed herein. The chemical, grain and mineralogical analyses of the material after mechanical grinding allowed us to define it as an aggregate for concrete in order to give it heat-resistant properties. The obtained concrete composition has a tensile strength 2.5 times higher than conventional cement composition of concrete and thermal resistance (water, 800°C) of the composition with heat-resistant filler has increased in 5 times.
Portland Cement with Mineral Fillers and Polymer Additives
Authors: Domanskaya Irina K. , Gerasimova Ekaterina S.
Published: October 2018

This paper is devoted to the study of the hardening process and the mechanical properties of composite cements. There were three mineral additions and two polymer ones, namely fly ash, limestone meal and marble powder, polymer dispersion and redispersible polymer powder used. The principal possibility of combining mineral fillers in the design of composite cements is shown. It has been established that the samples of cement stone based on binders modified with redispersible polymer powder have higher compressive and flexural strength, regardless of the type of filler.
Producing Improved Masonry and Protective Paints by Means of Modifying and Introducing Additives in Liquid Glass
Authors: Vyboishchik A.V. , Kostiunina I.L.
Published: October 2018

Environmental issues are among the most challenging problems affecting living conditions of urban population in nowadays’ Russia, and, therefore, are the most crucial questions needed solution under current industrial conditions. One of the main weaknesses of the contemporary Russian cities’ aesthetical appearance is the insufficient protection of buildings from atmospheric phenomena, viz. temperature, humidity, precipitations, etc. In addition, industrial emissions are the second main cause impeding the durability of urban buildings’ coatings. The given article describes new techniques in producing masonry and protective paints’ production in Chelyabinsk Region. The traditional technique of paints coatings’, e.g. liquid glass’, manufacture, is researched, with its weak points described, and new techniques proposed. The influence the composition of the raw material on basic properties of masonry paints under different condition is studied. The application of new techniques utilizing industrial emissions in urban areas can solve the above-listed problems, which also, in addition with the basic physical and chemical properties’ improvement, will obtain masonry paints having reduced cost and increased hardness.
Research of Thermophysical Properties of the Ultrathin Liquid Heat-Insulation
Authors: Burlachenko Oleg V. , Chesnokova Oksana G. , Cherednichenko Tatiana F.
Published: October 2018

The article highlights the results of the study of thermophysical properties of ultrathin liquid insulation when used to protect steel elements embedded in a multilayer outer wall. Conducted graphical analysis of the problem being solved. The results of temperature calculations with linear thermal properties showed that the unprotected insulation of steel embedded elements may freeze, and the formation of mold on the inner surface of the wall. The use of superfine heat insulation for thermal protection of mortgages of steel elements inside the construction of multilayer exterior walls gives a positive result. As a result of constructive solutions with the use of superfine thermal insulation can increase the average temperature of the inner bearing part of a wall of concrete. In addition, there is also a possibility to increase the temperature on the contact line between steel element with a load-bearing wall of concrete.
The Through-Dyed Autoclaved Silicate Concretes with the Use of Thermally Activated Iron Ore Raw Materials Refinement Tailings
Authors: Starostina Irina V.
Published: October 2018

The iron ore raw materials refinement waste is not virtually used after the wet magnetic separation and is accumulated in special hydraulic constructions – tailing dumps. This work considers the opportunity of using the heat-treated tailings as loading pigments for through-dyed autoclaved silicate concretes production. The heat-treated tailings were added to the raw mix instead of quartz sand. The concrete samples of light-pink shades of color were obtained. It has been demonstrated that the activation processes, taking place at heat treatment of tailings, as well as the influence of iron oxides acting as a mineralizer at high temperatures, create the increased imperfection of the quartz component’s structure. This increases the synthesis rate of new formations – the low-basic calcium silicate hydrates – and increases the strength properties of the samples with optimal compositions by 70-75% as compared to the control sample.
Development of Sulfur and Silicon Dioxide Activation Method in the Sulfur Concrete Technology
Authors: Yusupova Alsu , Bobryshev Aleksandr A. , Treschev A.A.
Published: October 2018

The paper investigates the recovery problem of waste sulfur from metallurgical, oil and gas plants. The method was developed to synthesize inorganic sulfides and sulfur concretes from them using the activating agent – titanium chloride and different silica-containing raw materials. The chemical interaction between sulfur, titanium tetrachloride and silicon dioxide encourages the formation of a strong and compact structure in the material. The physical chemical and quantum chemical calculations confirmed the formation of titanium silicate sulfide and made it possible to suggest the concept of sulfur concrete synthesis. It was found how the amorphous component in the filler influenced the properties of sulfur concrete. The physical mechanical tests were performed on the specimens of sulfur concrete, based on opal crystobalite rock from the different fields. The optimum sulfur concrete formulation was determined. The specimens with the optimum composition have high coefficient of resistance to HCl, H2SO4, CaCl2, NaCl, MgSO4 solutions, high impact resistance, freeze resistance and density to meet GOST concrete standard. The resulting materials can be used for production of some construction materials: paving slabs and blocks, road building materials.
Anticorrosion Protection of Welded Joints of Oil Pipelines
Authors: Ivanov M.A. , Danilkin P.A. , Kvashnin V.D.
Published: October 2018

Currently, a problem of destruction of field and interfiled pipelines is topical. One of effective ways to increase an operational reliability of pipes is to protect them with different coatings. To protect the inner surface of oil pipelines the polymer coatings are used which cover the full length except the end sections – zones of mounted welded joints. Oil companies are interested in development of a technology of metal coating applying to the end sections, which provides both reliability of protection system of inner surfaces of pipes, and workability and high speed of mounting of pipelines. This paper shows the analysis of protection methods of pipeline end sections. The tests of metallized coatings are held. We identified the significant shortcomings of metallized coatings. There is a held experiment on applying of corrosion resistant coating by surfacing. There are the calculated heating zones while the surfacing operation. We defined the minimum necessary length of section for applying the protection coating. A chemical analysis showed that the expected structure in a surfaced coating is an austenite with inclusions of ferrite and martensite. Metallographic research showed that the protection layer is fully melted with a base metal of a pipe and represents a homogeneous structure without pores and slag inclusions. Mechanical tests confirmed the compliance of pipe metal properties to the requirements of normative and technical standards.
Method for Synthesis of Retro-Reflective Coatings with Specified Optical Properties
Authors: Galimov E.R. , Vagizov T.N. , Belyaev A.V.
Published: October 2018

One of the main trends shaping the industry today is the development of application methods for various special coatings. Among a large number of coatings, retro-reflective coatings stand out: they are used in a variety of applications throughout the industry. The processes of retro-reflective surface forming have been studied rather thoroughly. The retro-reflective performance depends mainly on structural and optical properties, as well as properties of the radiation source itself. A method was developed to synthesize retro-reflective coatings with specified optical properties using the reflectors in the form of glass microspheres. Retro-reflective performance of the coatings was studied. The paper uses different approaches to microsphere packaging in the bonding layer. It was demonstrated that the half-widths of the scattering patterns of retro-reflective coatings with different structures were quite close, and the reflection maximum of the designed coatings approached the reflection maximum of the commercial “3M” film at the same allowable viewing angles.
Modeling of the Structure of Heat-Insulating Semi-Transparent Materials and Coatings for Industrial and Transport Power Plants
Authors: Merzlikin V.G. , Zhubreva T.V. , Kostukov A.V.
Published: October 2018

The influence of optical characteristics of semitransparent thermal barrier coatings (TBC) on thermal regulation of heat-stressed elements of power plants is studied. There was used the developed by the authors methodology of physical and mathematical simulation of thermoradiational (in the range 1-2 μm) and conductive heat transmission in ceramic thermal insulation of chamber combustion inner walls of a diesel engine. The paper discusses temporal temperature regimes in model two-layer TBC-coatings in the form of a selectively scattering and absorbing (in the near infrared range) ceramic heat-insulating layer, deposited on the bonding sublayer (with boundary reflection) of the internal surface of the combustion chamber of Low Heat Rejection diesel. Spectrophotometric measurements of the optical parameters have ensured estimates of optical and thermal fields of the investigated ceramics, the structural composition of which was determined on the basis of ZrO2+8%Y2O3. For typical values of radiant-convective flux up to 1-2 MW/m2 (effecting on heat-stressed elements of heat-insulated combustion chamber of a diesel engine in pulse-periodic regime) optical and structural parameters TBC-coatings that ensure control and superintendence of the ceramic layer surface temperature and its temperature gradient were proposed.
Structure and Thermophysical Properties of Coatings Formed by the Method of Microarc Oxidation on an Aluminum Alloy AK4-1
Authors: Dudareva N.Yu. , Kruglov A.B. , Gallyamova Rida
Published: October 2018

The work presents the results of investigation of the thermal conductivity of the coating formed by the method of microarc oxidation (MAO) on a deformable aluminum alloy AK4-1. The article describes the methodology of the research including the formation of the MAO layer, the study of the structure and composition of the coating and the determination of its coefficient of thermal conductivity. The methodological approach to determining the thermal conductivity is based on measuring the thermal diffusivity of the oxide layer by pulsed laser heating, as well as calculating the heat capacity and density of the coating based on the data of layer-by-layer X-ray phase analysis is proposed. During the calculations, the porosity of the coating was taken into account. In accordance with the proposed procedure, it is established that the MAO layer has a thermal conductivity coefficient of ~ 5 W/(mK). The value obtained is comparable with the known results, but is significantly lower than the values of the thermal conductivity of the single phases constituting the coating. It is assumed that this effect is related to the feature of the structure of the MAO layer.
Investigation of Protective Coatings for Carbon Fibers by the Sol-Gel Method
Authors: Gallyamova Rida , Galyshev S.N. , Musin Fanil F. , Badamshin A.G. , Dokichev V.A.
Published: October 2018

The article shows the possibility of applying a silicon dioxide coating on the carbon fiber by the sol-gel method. The evaluation of the protective properties of the obtained coatings at a temperature of 600 ° C is given; the changing of the a coated fiber surface morphology during the destruction process is shown for the first time. The destruction of the carbon fiber surface without coating begins at a soaking time of 120 min, which is accompanied by a significant decrease in the diameter of the fiber. The destruction of the coated carbon fiber surface begins at a soaking time of 360 minutes, the fiber diameter changes insignificantly. The paper shows that the sol-gel coatings slow down the oxidation of the carbon fiber more than 2 times.
Accelerated Tests of Protective Properties of Packaging Materials for Cold-Rolled Steel
Authors: Kolyada Lyudmila G. , Tarasyuk Elena V. , Medyanik N.L.
Published: October 2018

Metal products are exposed to atmospheric corrosion during transport, long-term storage and operation. An important trend in corrosion protection is development of cutting-edge packaging materials containing volatile corrosion inhibitors (VCI). The issue under study is relevant because metal products are mainly exported by sea through regions with a humid tropical climate. Package protective capabilities are in focus when selecting packaging materials containing volatile corrosion inhibitors. The paper contains the results of comparison testing corrosion protection capabilities of combined packaging papers with volatile corrosion inhibitors using a number of methods: as per GOST 9.054 (method 1), GOST 9.305, Germany VIA Test method and that of the USA Federal Standard. It is found that inhibitors protect cold-rolled steel provided the package is at least partly sealed. Tests with all accelerated methods show that the UNI inhibitor provides the best corrosion protection.
Improving Methods of Assessment of a Stress State of Structures According to the Results of Coercive Measurements
Authors: Zaytsev N.L.
Published: October 2018

At the present time the assessment of stress-strain state of steel structures uses the results of coercive measurements. However, the methods presented in various works are contradictory and not deprived of errors of a methodological nature, which may lead to erroneous conclusions. This article reveals the analysis of disadvantages of the known methods and proposes possible ways to eliminate these shortcomings.
The Analysis of the Work of Materials of Mouthguard Designs during Biomechanical Deformation
Authors: Kamenskikh A.
Published: October 2018

The biomechanical behavior of the protective constructions materials within the framework numerical modeling of the contact interaction problems is considered in the work. Assessment of the numerical solution convergence of problem from extent of the system discretization is performed within the framework of the study, the optimum size of the finite element in the contact region is chosen. Assessment of the contact zone parameters without and with friction on the interfaced surfaces is performed on the model problems of contact between the tooth-indenter and the half-space of EVA and with a half-space of EVA containing a layer of A-silicone. The investigation of the deformation behavior of the contact node consisting of a three-layered kappa and two tooth-indenters is performed: the distribution fields of the contact parameters depending on the indentation force were obtained and analyzed, zones of contact states change are revealed, stress-strain state of the structure as a whole is considered.
Automated Screwdown Mechanism of DUO-130 Rolling Mill
Authors: Radionova L.V. , Lisovskaya T.A. , Lisovskiy Roman A.
Published: October 2018

The article presents an automated control system for a screwdown mechanism of a laboratory rolling mill DUO-130 developed by NPI 'Practice Equipment and Technologies', SUSU (NRU). A specific feature of the system under consideration is its integrity into control system of the whole rolling mill. The article describes the operating principle of a screwdown mechanism regulated by a step motor and advantages of the chosen control method. It also gives the structure and operating principle of the control system of a servo drive that ensures regulating of a screwdown mechanism. It also presents the process of calculating the determination precision and positioning the upper roller of a roller plate.
On Modernization of Air Supply Systems for Improvement of Gas Distribution in Shaft Furnaces
Authors: Matiukhin Vladimir I. , Yaroshenko Y.G. , Bulatov K.V.
Published: October 2018

The paper presents a developed method for assessment of gas distribution over the cross section of a shaft furnace working in the countercurrent conditions. This method is scientifically based on the fundamental principles of the countercurrent heat exchange theory in shaft furnaces, i.e. dependences of the temperature field throughout the burden bed height on the ratio between heat capacities of gas and burden flows. The ratio between the gas flow heat capacity and burden flow heat capacity at the stock line level is determined by the averaged gas temperature at the burden bed output. By comparing these data, we estimated directions for improving the gas distributing system. Efficiency of this method was assessed when analyzing the system of air supply to the shaft furnace at one of the Ural plants. The analysis showed the main drawbacks of the existing gas distributing system and enabled to determine the main directions for reconstruction of this system. On the basis of the analysis results related to operation of the tuyeres and distribution manifold, we proposed more efficient options of their parameters, i.e. manifold cross-section area, tuyere number and diameter, angle of tuyere inclination to the horizontal. These changes provided a uniform distribution of gases across the furnace and improved conditions for melt flow in the furnace. Thus, we established virtually equal conditions for development of heat and mass transfer processes in the work space of the shaft furnace. The modernized system of air supply to MMSK’s shaft furnace increased the furnace performance by 14.14% in terms of burden, by 23.27% in terms of matte, by 15.15% in terms of slag and by 6.65% in terms of thermal efficiency. At the same time, the following parameters were reduced: specific fuel consumption (anthracite) by 17.46% and dust discharge by 40.5%. When supplying air to the furnace through the inclined tuyeres, it became possible to reduce formation of accretions and provide new working conditions for operating personnel due to a more uniform gas distribution across the horizontal section of the furnace. Within six months of furnace operation the personnel had no problems related to its operation.
The Development of Multi-Directional Spatially Reinforced Material Structural Theory
Authors: Magnitsky I.V. , Odinabekov F.R. , Sergeeva E.S.
Published: October 2018

Finite-element simulation of the spatially reinforced composite material elastic properties is performed. The simulation models are built in two steps: first, a 4DL-reinforced material model simulating a perfect matrix/rod contact is built; second, an improved simulation model is developed, taking into account the possibility of separation between the composite components. Comparison is made between the results obtained numerically and those based on the existing analytical models. With these finite-element simulation models, it is possible to estimate the required composite elastic properties to be used when designing structural components based on those materials.
Functional Characteristics of QD-InAs/GaAs Heterostructures with Potential Barriers AlGaAs and GaAs
Authors: Blokhin Eduard E. , Arustamyan D.A. , Goncharova L.M.
Published: October 2018

In this paper we present the results of investigation of heterostructures with an array of InAs quantum dots grown on GaAs substrates with GaAs and AlGaAs front barriers for high-speed near-IR photodetectors. The thickness of the barrier layers did not exceed 30 nm. It is shown that the ion-beam deposition method makes it possible to grow quantum dots with lateral dimensions up to 30 nm and 15 nm height. The spectral dependences of the external quantum efficiency and dark current-voltage characteristics are investigated.
A Study of the Structure and Properties of Austenitic Metastable Steels under Strain
Authors: Ozerets N. , Sharapova Valentina A. , Levina A. , Mal'tseva T. , Pavlov M.
Published: October 2018

The structure and mechanical properties of the corrosion-resistant metastable austenitic steels 03Kh14N11К5М2YuТ and 03Kh14N11КМ2YuТ have been investigated. The steels have been deformed by tagging them at room and negative temperatures. It has been established that the amount of martensite and the strength properties are higher at a negative temperature than at room temperature with an equal degree of strain. The investigated austenitic steels are strain-metastable. The higher the strain degree and the lower the deformation temperature, the greater the amount of strain-induced martensite and, correspondingly, the higher the strength properties. Martensite is not observed upon cooling to the temperature of liquid nitrogen.
Development and Research of the Method of Severe Alternating Deformation in the Process of Rolling of Thick Steel Sheets and Plates Made of Non-Ferrous Alloys
Authors: Bogatov Aleksandr , Nukhov Danis Sh.
Published: October 2018

Quality improvement of the structure of thick sheets and plates, increasing the level of mechanical properties, minimization of energy and labor costs in the process of manufacturing could be achieved by using new methods of die forging and rolling with the implementation of severe alternating deformation. In this work, new methods of rolling of thick steel sheets and die forging for plates made of titanium and aluminum alloys are proposed and studied.
Features of the Structure Formation at Laser and Laser-Arc Deposition from Aluminum Wire
Authors: Akhmetov A.D. , Gushchina M.O. , Korsmik R.S. , Tsibulskiy I.A.
Published: October 2018

The paper presents the results of an investigation of additive technology of direct growth from aluminum wire using various thermal sources-a laser and a combined laser arc. In the course of the work, the parameters of the regimes are selected, which ensure an even-dimensional formation of a thin wall during successive layering. The results are presented on the measurement of microhardness and chemical analysis.
Free-Cutting Cr–Ni–Mo Steel
Authors: Ryabov A.V. , Prokaeva T.V. , Amosova Yu.E.
Published: October 2018

The paper presents theoretical and practical study of formation of non-metallic inclusions in a medium-carbon free-cutting structural steel. FactSage software package was used for thermodynamic modelling of inclusion behaviour. Formation temperature and the amount of aluminium oxides, boron nitrides, manganese sulphides and aluminium nitrides were calculated. Inclusions in the steel form in the sequence Al2O3 > BN > MnS > AlN. The object of practical research was a cast billet of A38KhGMAR grade steel. It was melted in a laboratory induction furnace; boron and nitrogen were introduced after deoxidation of the melt with primary aluminium. Quality analysis included determination of chemical composition, macro-and microstructure, type and shape of non-metallic inclusions. Fine and uniformly distributed boron nitride inclusions were obtained throughout the metal matrix; their distribution was studied both qualitatively and quantitatively. Beside isolated particles, boron nitrides are also presented as a component of complex inclusions with manganese sulphides. Inclusion morphology is mostly spherical. The size of BN inclusions varies from 0.41 to 7.23 μm.
Geometrical Errors of Surfaces Milled with Convex and Concave Profile Tools
Authors: Fomin Anatoly A. , Gusev V.G. , Sattarova Zulfiya G.
Published: October 2018

The geometrical interpretation of the transformation of cylindrical milling of products into profile milling by shaping cutters with a convex and concave cutting profile is considered. A mathematical model of geometric errors of profile surfaces processed with tools with the specified cutting profiles is developed. On the basis of the model and the results of its analysis, scientifically based recommendations for designing a technological operation for profile milling of products have been developed. When processing a product with a contoured cutter with a concave profile, it is recommended to calculate the geometric errors formed in the transverse plane of the shaping cutter, and when machining with a shaping cutter with a convex cutting profile - in the planes of both its ends. The calculated values of the above geometric errors should be compared with the values limited by the work drawing of the product. The implementation of these recommendations will reduce the labor costs for experimental research and control operations associated with ensuring a given geometric accuracy of products.
Methodology of High-Carbon Wire Rod Perlite Grain Grade Identification
Authors: Shubin I.G. , Shubina Marianna V.
Published: October 2018

The quality of the high-carbon rod is determined by mechanical properties, which depend on microstructure characteristics, in particular the perlite grain grade. The existing technique for determining the perlite dispersion has the main drawback - the subjectivity of choosing the five worst view fields for evaluation, which reduces the accuracy of the determination results. The article presents the results of a study aimed at increasing the objectivity and accuracy of the evaluation of high-carbon wire rod perlite grain grade. An improved technique for determining the high-carbon wire rod perlite grain grade – Pgg with five view fields is proposed. The cross-section of the rod sample is considered as an inhomogeneous area from the perlite dispersion point of view, which is divided into three annular zones with different levels of perlite dispersion. Selection of five view fields is carried out as follows: one from the center of the central zone, two fields in the second - an intermediate zone and two fields in the outer zone. Statistical analysis of the experimental data showed that all view fields should be located on the same diagonal. The location of the view fields is fixed and is unchangeable for all samples under study. The technique described in the article is an effective tool for analyzing the structure of high-carbon steel wire rod.
Modification of Copper
Authors: Sulitsin Andrey V. , Mysik Raisa K. , Brusnitsyn Sergey V.
Published: October 2018

The requirement of modification of copper is proved in the article. As a modifier for copper the misch metal is proposed. The misch metal contains rare earth elements having greatest modifying ability. The results of experiments of the influence of misch metal in an amount from 0.0025 to 0.0125 wt. % on the formation of crystal structure of cast copper with different impurity content are presented. The metallographic analysis of macrostructure of copper is made and the average area of cross section of grains in the structure of copper is determined. The average area of cross section of grains in the structure of copper of brand M00 decreases from 5 to 0.9 mm2 with addition of 0.005 wt. % of misch metal. The average area of cross section of grains in the structure of copper of brand M1 decreases from 6 to 0.45 mm2 with addition of 0.005 wt. % of misch metal. An increase of quantity of added misch metal more than 0.005 wt. % dose does not lead to significant decrease of average area of cross section of grain in the structure of copper. The investigation of microstructure of samples of cast copper of brands of M00 and M1 is made. It is established that the addition of misch metal in the copper dose does not lead to increase in the thickness of the grain boundaries. The results of experiments are shown that addition of misch metal in the copper leads to increase of stregth and plastic properties of copper. Based on the results of experiments the mechanism of modification of copper is proposed.
Ni-Fe Alloys as Perspective Materials for Highly Efficient Magnetostatic Shielding
Authors: Solobai A.A. , Trukhanov A.V. , Grabchikov S.S.
Published: October 2018

Magnetostatic shields based on Ni-Fe alloys were obtained via electrochemistry method with different thickness of partial magnetic layers. The experimental researches of the magnetic properties and magnetostatic shielding effectiveness of the single-layer and malty-layer cylindrical sample of the shields based on the electrodeposited Ni80Fe20 and Ni50Fe50 alloy are carried out. It has been shown that shields of gradient type (200 μm Ni50Fe50+200 μm Ni80Fe20 and 100 μm Ni50Fe50+300 μm Ni80Fe20) containing layers with different values of saturation induction (Bs) have a higher shielding efficiency than shield of a symmetric type (400 μm Ni50Fe50 and 400 μm Ni80Fe20). Maximum efficiency of magnetostatic shielding has been noted for 200 μm Ni50Fe50+ 200 μm Ni80Fe20 sample. It opens wide prospects for practical application for protection of the microelectronics devices against permanent magnetic fields.
The Investigation of Microhardness of Grey Cast Iron Dendritic Structure
Authors: Baron Aleksandr A. , Palatkina Lyubov' V. , Gonik I.L.
Published: October 2018

The dependence of the dendritic crystals of primary austenite microhardness on indentation load within the range from 0,01 to 2 N is investigated. Tests are carried out on specimens with a volume fraction of a dendritic component of 15%, 30% and 60%. It is found that at any volume of dendritic fraction microhardness increases with an increase in load from 0,01 to 0,1 N and then, in the process of a further indentation load growth, decreases a little. Decrease in microhardness in the range of loadings from 0,1 N to 2 N can be accounted for by growth of an impression size and a spread of plastically deformed volume to a dendritic crystal surface.
Method for Determining the Optimum Counter-Flexing Force of Working Rolls during Sheet Rolling
Authors: Prysiazhnyi Andrii H. , Kukhar Volodymyr V. , Balalayeva E.Yu.
Published: October 2018

The method of determination of the force of counter flexure of the working rolls was designed, ensuring improvement of the degree of flatness of cold rolled strips with due regard to the influence of unevenness of distribution of inter-rolls linear load. On the basis of the analysis of numerical realization of this method an essential influence of the width of the rolled strips upon the optimal value of the force of counter flexure was found out. Also, it was suggested to approximate the connection between increments of the force of counter flexure with linear equations, the application of which is promote to improvement efficiency of systems of automatic adjustment of shape and profile at rolling of sheets. For the condition of 4-stand cold rolling mill the values of transmission coefficients depending on widths of rolled strips were determined.
Fatigue Testing Method of Test Coupon and Structurally Equivalent Samples of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer for Gas Turbine Engine Parts and Assemblies
Authors: Nikhamkin M.Sh. , Sazhenkov N.A. , Samodurov D.
Published: October 2018

The carbon fiber reinforced polymer composite are widely used in industry as major structural materials. They represent the greatest interest for the production of gas turbine engines parts because of their high specific strength. But before adaptation these materials into the structure, it is necessary to conduct a number of tests, both on test coupon and on structurally equivalent samples for determining physical, in particular, fatigue properties of these materials. However, the high cost of manufacturing coupons for such tests has a negative impact on the adaptation of carbon fiber reinforced polymer composite into the composition of final products. In this paper it is presented a method for fatigue tests of test coupon and structurally equivalent samples of carbon fiber reinforced polymer, aimed at reducing the consumption of coupons which are necessary for obtaining fatigue properties. Based on the developed method, a series of carbon fiber coupons was tested and the fatigue limit was obtained. At the same time, the use of coupons was minimized.
Statistical Analysis of Histograms of Grain Size Distribution in Nanostructured Materials Processed by Severe Plastic Deformation
Authors: Stolbovsky Alexey V. , Farafontova Elena P.
Published: October 2018

Analysis of histograms of grain size distribution of materials nanostructured by severe plastic deformation has been carried out using statistical analysis methods. It has been established that in materials with quite homogeneous nanostructure, the fitting of histograms of grain size distribution by using a logarithmic standard distribution is not accurate enough. It is proposed to compensate for the observed imprecision by including into the model the additional component – normal distribution. It is shown that this approach is applicable to nanostructured materials with both the deformation-origin nanostructure and the grain structure formed during annealing.
Structurization and Properties of Magnetoplastics Made of Mechanically Activated Amorphous-Crystalline Powder Alloys Based on the Nd-Fe-B System
Authors: Perederiy V.G. , Gasanov B.G. , Aganov Artem A.
Published: October 2018

The influence of the method of melt spinning on the basis of the Fe-Nd-B system on the amorphous-crystal structure of ribbons and flakes is shown. It is established that the magnetic properties of magnetoplasts depend on the powders particle size, the parameters of mechanic activation during flake milling, the kinetics of formation and growth of Fe2Nd14B phase nuclei at all stages of their preparation and processing, etc. Isotropic and anisotropic magnetoplasts and sintered magnets with magnetic properties: Br = 0.5-1.25 T, HcB = 180-700 kA/m; (BH)max = 50-280 kJ/m3.
The Investigation of the Influence of Friction and Roll Calibration on the Pipe Formation during Plug Rolling
Authors: Pavlov Dmitry , Bogatov Aleksandr , Pavlova E.A.
Published: October 2018

The influence of the friction coefficient and roll calibration on the pipe formation during longitudinal rolling on a short mandrel was investigated using the FEM simulation. The study was carried out for three different roll calibrations: hexagonal, dodecahedral, dioctahedral. Pipe formation was also studied using the Siebel index of friction in the range from 0.1 to 1. The effect of the friction coefficient ψ on the dimensionless parameter determining the shape change was determined, as well as the wall thickness deviation and the “guide mark” defect formation on the inner surface of the pipes. The values of a dimensionless parameter characterizing the appearance of a “guide mark” defect on the inner surface of pipes are determined.
The Investigation of Pipe Ends Formation under Reduction Mill Rolling
Authors: Pavlov Dmitry , Bogatov Aleksandr , Pavlova E.A.
Published: October 2018

The paper presents the results of the experimental study of the longitudinal and transverse wall thickness variation at the ends of a oil-well tubing during reduction procedure. It is established that the greatest "contribution" to wall thickness data spread is made by the pipe facets, which is caused by the influence of the reduction regimes and the rolls calibration due to the metal flow into the tapers of groove. In the course of work, recommendations were also made that, in order to reduce the wall thickness variation of pipes, it is necessary to develop the calibration ensuring the decreasing of the intensity of metal flow into the tapers of groove, as well as decrease the reduction at the mill stands, and increase the coefficient of kinematic tension between the stands of the stretch-reducing mill.
Interaction of Phosphorus with Impurity Atoms in BCC Iron
Authors: Verkhovykh A.V. , Mirzoev A.A. , Mirzaev D.A.
Published: October 2018

The paper presents the results of modelling of phosphorus interaction with substitutional (Cr, Mn, P) and interstitial (C) impurity atoms in bcc iron in the framework of density functional theory using WIEN2k software. It is found that a repulsion exists of a phosphorus atom in the three first spheres of coordination of carbon, chromium and phosphorus atoms, while for manganese such repulsion of phosphorus takes place only in the second sphere. This repulsion is a consequence of an abrupt change of magnetic moment of manganese atom, so the solution energy of phosphorus almost does not change. On the contrary, chromium decreases phosphorus solubility in iron, in agreement with other data.
Influence of Structure and Composition of the Fibrous Materials on the Performance Characteristics of Thermal Protection Structures with Combined Functions
Authors: Cherunova I.V. , Osipenko L. , Stenkina M.
Published: October 2018

In the article research results are presented, the aim of which is to provide high quality and reliability while using heat-protective structures for machines and people. Textile materials perform important function contacting moisture in the atmosphere. Results of moist environment textile structure and properties research are also presented here. It was established that multilayer structure with free elementary cells, including knitwear, for the purposes of barrier maintenance of moisture level is not sufficient. Based on the performed experimental research, new characteristics and properties pattern defining behavior of materials while contacting liquids (wetting, capillarity, moisture, hygroscopy) are established. Recommendations relating to groups and samples of textile materials are given. The research was made in Don State Technical University within the framework of State Assignment of the Ministry of education and science of Russia under the project 11.9194.2017/BCh.
Adsorption Activity of Thermally Modified Shell Hazelnut in Relation to Ions Ni2+
Authors: Lupandina N.S. , Kiryushina N.Yu. , Porozhnyuk E.V.
Published: October 2018

The aim of this work is to establish the specific features of the adsorption capacity of thermally modified hazelnut shells with respect to Ni2+ ions at different temperatures. Titrimetric, spectrophotometric, atomic-adsorption methods of investigation, optical microscopy, X-ray analysis were used in the work. It is established that the sorption process is endothermic; the time for achieving sorption equilibrium reaches 40 minutes. The article may be of interest to specialists in the field of obtaining new adsorbents using vegetable production waste. The article was prepared within development program of the Flagship Regional University on the basis of Belgorod State Technological University named after V.G. Shukhov, using equipment of High Technology Center at BSTU named after V.G. Shukhov.
Thermal Capacity of Enriched Fuel Briquets Produced from the Fine of Ekibastuz Coal
Authors: Abdrakhmanov Y.S. , Bykov Petr O. , Bogomolov Alexey V.
Published: October 2018

The object of the research work was coal fines and processes of enrichment of Ekibastuz coal to produce fuel briquettes with increased calorific value and less ash content. Research, scientific substantiation of technology for obtaining high-calorific coal briquettes from fines of Ekibastuz coal, using various binders and the possibility of further coking, designing and manufacturing equipment for the implementation of technology, was made. The standard methods of theoretical and experimental research widely used in metallurgy, machine building, computer systems, etc. were used in the work. The characteristics of briquettes on bio-binding and on petroleum pitch with enrichers in the form of rubber-technical soot and anode dust of electrolysis cell for aluminum production have been established. It is revealed that the calorific value of briquettes is higher than that of Ekibastuz coal (Pavlodar region) by 20-40%, and the heating value is the highest for briquettes with an enrichment agent in the form of anode dust and a binder in the form of petroleum pitch (-NH combustion = 6840.8 kcal / kg). Briquettes on petroleum pitch with an enrichment agent in the form of anodic dust of aluminum electrolysis can be used as industrial briquettes for further use in metallurgy.
Methods and Materials of Nanotechnologies for Improving the Boiler Fuel Properties
Authors: Zvereva E.R. , Makarova A.O. , Zueva O.S.
Published: October 2018

It was shown that nanotechnology methods and materials can be used to create a composite fuel with improved performance characteristics. To reduce the viscosity of various types of hydrocarbon fuel, small amounts of nanoparticles can be added, leading to an additional structure formation, which may result in a change in the rheological properties due to the transition to layerwise shear flow. The possibilities of using carbon nanotubes and dehydrated carbonate sludge of water treatment were analyzed. The presence of a synergistic effect in the joint application of carbon nanotubes with carbonate sludge has been established. It has been shown that the choice of corresponding nanoparticles and their dispersion medium for a particular type of hydrocarbon fuel can significantly improve its performance characteristics.
Microcrystalline Cellulose Based on Cellulose Containing Raw Material Modified by Steam Explosion Treatment
Authors: Prosvirnikov Dmitry B. , Safin Rushan G. , Zakirov S.R.
Published: October 2018

Today’s methods for producing powdered celluloses, in particular microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), from various plant raw materials, while applying new highly efficient methods for the isolation of cellulose are of a great interest. One of these methods is the production of MCC from lignocellulosic material activated by steam explosion treatment. The material obtained by this method from wood has a high reactivity, low content of residual lignin, a high specific surface, which allows to subject it successfully and efficiently to accelerated delignification or hydrolytic breakdown (degradation). This ability of the lignocellulosic material, activated by steam explosion, is the basis of this study, which provides the results of an experimental evaluation of the component and dispersion analysis of MCC, obtained from this material.
Synthesis of Porous Heat-Insulating Material from Industrial Waste
Authors: Shtirc Liudmila , Vlasova Svetlana G. , Zemlyanoi K.
Published: October 2018

We chose two glass compositions suitable for the synthesis of foam glass. The influence of additive at the amorphous silica charge in the amount of 20% and 100%, a by-product in the leaching of serpentinite, was studied. By the method of stable temperature drop, the crystallization ability of the welded glass compositions was studied. The surface tension was measured by the sessile drop method.
Extraction of Metals from Wastes of Metallurgical Production
Authors: Tokach Yu.E. , Rubanov Yu.K. , Doroganova O.V.
Published: October 2018

Studies on the thermal reduction of iron oxide by using reducing agents have been carried out. Carbon-containing components and aluminum were used as reducing agent. The reduction conditions were determined.
Gold Electroextraction Fundamentals Using Zinc Three-Dimensional Cathode
Authors: Naumov Konstantin D. , Lobanov V.G.
Published: October 2018

In the present work, gold electroextraction technological features on three-dimensional cathode are studied. Zinc powders are used as cathode. Similar ones are used to gold cementation from cyanide solutions. The studies object was production of cyanide solution of following composition, mg/dm3: 7 Au. 123.65 Zn, 670 CN-; pH 10.3. Electroextraction laboratory studies were carried out in cylindrical electrolyzer with a horizontal arrangement of current-carrying electrode. It has been found that zinc powders polarization contributes to more complete gold deposition from cyanide solutions. Moreover, it allows to reduce zinc transition into spent solution, as a consequence, zinc consumption reduces. At the same time, under investigated conditions, significant cyanide oxidation does not occur.
Synthesis of Fe(III)-Based Inorganic Sorbent and its Application for Arsenic Sorption
Authors: Polshina T.D. , Makovskaya Olga Yu. , Egorov V.V.
Published: October 2018

The efficiency of application of various iron compounds for purification of aqueous media from arsenic has been studied. It is proposed to apply the active layer to a substrate of a coarser material to improve the filterability. Alumina, quartz, and crystalline sulfur are considered as carrier materials. The conditions of inorganic sorbent synthesis based on iron oxyhydrate (IOH) are determined. Effect on sorbent capacity for As (V) of the concentration of iron and sodium sulfate in the solution at the modification of alumina is determined. The results of X-ray phase analysis and scanning electron microscopy are presented. The data on the capacity of the obtained sorbent modifications for the sorption of As (V) ions under static conditions are presented. The dependence of the capacity of the sorbent for As (V) on the method of synthesis of IOH and the type of carrier is established. It is shown that the sorbent on the basis of SiO2 possesses maximum capacity.
A Study on Structure and Phase Composition of Cellular Ceramic Materials from Dispersed Silica-Rich Rocks
Authors: Stolboushkin Andrey Yu. , Ivanov A.I. , Fomina O.A.
Published: October 2018

Studies on structure, phase composition and properties of ceramic wall materials with a glass-crystalline framework from dispersed silica-rich rocks are described. The results of chemical, mineralogical and granulometric compositions of tripolite and granulated foam-glass crystalline material (GFGCM) are presented. The dependence of physical and mechanical properties of cellular ceramic materials on GFGCM content in the composition in the amount from 5 to 75% is determined. Test samples of cellular ceramic materials with dimensions 250 × 120 × 65 mm, having a compressive strength 16.2-20.8 MPa, water absorption 7.1-7.9 % and an average density 0.99-1.32 g/m3 were produced at the factory. At the macroscale level the cellular structure of the ceramic material consists of closed pores with a vitrified inner surface pore, glass-crystalline outer shell of the pores and solid phase of the framework walls. It was established that after firing in the temperature range 850-900 °C the walls of the framework are represented by quartz, feldspar and hematite, a pronounced halo is indicating a significant amount of glass phase.