bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Piano Curriculum Education and Cultivation of Creative Thinking Ability
Authors: Li Jing
Published: March 2020

Under the background of the new curriculum reform, combining the cultivation of creative thinking ability with piano curriculum education will help the school to cultivate more high-quality and innovative talents. At the same time, the cultivation of students' creative thinking ability in piano course education conforms to the demand of high-quality talents in the new era, and better implements the requirements of quality-oriented education on students' comprehensive quality and ability. Based on the significance of piano curriculum education to the cultivation of students' creative thinking ability, this paper puts forward the problems existing in piano curriculum education at the present stage, and puts forward effective countermeasures on this basis.
An Application of the Portfolio Investment Choices with Multi-Purpose Decision Making Methods in Emerging Countries
Authors: FETTAHOĞLU Sibel , ÖZCAN Burcu , KOCAMAN Havva
Published: March 2020

In this study, it is aimed to guide in foreign investors' decisions on portfolio investment decisions by using multi-purpose decision making techniques. To this end, G7 countries were identified as investors. As countries to be invested, selected countries in the Balkans were included in the analysis. Criteria used during the analysis are economic and locally defined as two main factors and their sub-factors. AHP method was used as multi-purpose decision making techniques to determine the weight of the criteria and MOORA was used to determine the Balkan country to be invested. As a result, findings show that for making investment decision to a country, country’s GNP amounts, commercial climate and investment freedom about the country are the most effective factors but geographic distance and information cost factors are the least effective factors.
Kurumsal Yetkinlik ile Satın Alma Niyeti Arasındaki İlişkide Müşteri Kurum Özdeşlemesi ve Algılanan Olumsuz Duyurumun Etkisine Yönelik Bir Araştırma
Authors: KUŞÇU Aslı , KOÇOĞLU SAZKAYA Merve , VATANSEVER DURMAZ Burçak
Published: March 2020

Bu çalışmada, bir işletmenin çok çeşitli özelliklerini özetleyen soyut boyutlar toplamı olan kurumsal yetkinlik ile müşterilerin satın alma niyeti arasındaki ilişkide müşteri kurum özdeşleşmesinin ve algılanan olumsuz duyurumun rolleri üzerinde durulmuştur. Bahsi geçen kavramlar arasındaki ilişkiyi tespit etmek amacıyla araştırma, bir vakıf üniversitesinde yüksek lisans eğitimi alan ve çalışma hayatında olan kişiler üzerinde gerçekleştirilmiş ve veri toplamada Türk tüketicileri tarafından bu kavramlar ile ilişkilendirilebileceği düşünülen ve kısa bir süre önce olumsuz bir duyurum yapılmış olan bilinirliği yüksek bir otomotiv işletmesi kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen verinin incelenmesinde yapısal eşitlik modeli kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçları, kurumsal yetkinlik ile satın alma niyeti arasındaki ilişkide müşteri kurum özdeşleşmesinin tam aracılık etkisi olduğunu göstermekte ve müşteri kurum özdeşleşmenin önemine dikkat çekmektedir. Aynı zamanda, bu çalışmada, algılanan olumsuz duyurumun satın alma niyetini olumsuz yönde etkilediği ve buna bağlı olarak da kurumsal yetkinlik ve satın alma niyeti arasındaki ilişkiyi azalttığı, dolayısıyla olumsuz duyurumun kurumsal yetkinlik ile satın alma niyeti arasındaki ilişkide düzenleyici etkisi olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Genel olarak çalışmanın sonuçları müşteriler tarafından yetkin bulunan bir kurumda dahi gerek müşterilerde oluşan olumlu algının sonucunda gerçekleşen müşteri kurum özdeşleşmesinin olumlu etkisini, gerekse olumsuz duyurumların algısının satın alma niyetine olan olumsuz etkisini göstermektedir. Çalışmanın sonunda sonuçlar doğrultusunda kurumlara müşteri kurum özdeşleşmesini ve olumsuz duyurumları yönetmeleri doğrultusunda öneriler verilmiştir.
Engelli Kadın Olmak
Authors: ORHAN Serdar , ÖZKAN Elifnaz
Published: March 2020

Engelli bireyler toplumun dezavantajlı gruplarından birini oluşturmaktadır. Engelli olma halinin yanında bir de kadın olmak, bu bireyleri toplumda çifte dezavantajlı konuma getirebilmektedir. Engelli kadınlar, hayatı diğer engelli bireylere, engelli/engelli olmayan erkeklere ve engelli olmayan kadınlara göre farklı biçimde deneyimlemektedir. Engelli kadınlar, bu deneyimlemeler sırasında aile içinde, eğitimde, sağlıkta ve çalışma hayatında birçok sorunla karşılaşabilmektedir. Bu sorunlar, engelli kadının yaşam alanını ev içi yani özel alanla sınırlayabilmektedir. Hayatı özel alanla sınırlanan engelli kadın, toplumda kendine yer edinememektedir. Bu bağlamda, çalışmanın amacı engelli kadınların toplumda karşılaştığı sorunları ortaya koyabilmektir. Engelli kadınların toplumda yaşadığı sorunlar teorik çerçevede ele alınmış ve diğer araştırma sonuçlarıyla desteklenmiştir. Teorik çerçeve ve araştırma sonuçlarına göre, engelli kadınların, engelli olmayan kadınlara ve engelli/engelli olmayan erkeklere göre daha fazla sorunla karşılaştığı ve sosyal hayatın dışında kaldığı görülmüştür. Sosyal hayat, eğitim hayatı ve çalışma hayatının dışında kalan ve özel alanda yaşamını sürdüren engelli kadınlar toplumda kendilerine yer edinememektedir. Bu durum engelli kadınların üretken bireyler olmasını engelleyici niteliktedir.
Sosyal Bilgiler Öğretim Programlarının Karşılaştırmalı Analizi (2005-2017-2018)
Authors: KALAYCI Nurdan , BAYSAL Sefa Burak
Published: March 2020

Bu araştırmada 2005, 2017 ve 2018 sosyal bilgiler öğretim programlarının karşılaştırmalı analizinin yapılması amaçlanmıştır. Bu öğretim programları; programların genel yapısı, kazanımlar, içerik, eğitim durumları ve değerlendirme boyutları açısından karşılaştırılmıştır. Araştırmanın modeli betimseldir ve doküman inceleme tekniği kullanıldığından nitel araştırma özelliği taşımaktadır. Araştırmanın veri kaynağını 2005-2017-2018 yıllarında MEB Talim ve Terbiye Kurulu Başkanlığı tarafından yayımlanan sosyal bilgiler öğretim programları oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın verileri, doküman inceleme tekniğinin aşamalarına göre analiz edilmiştir. Veri toplama sürecinde Öğretim Programları Analiz Formu ve Karşılaştırmalı Doküman Analiz Formu olmak üzere iki farklı form kullanılmıştır. Araştırmadan elde edilen bulgulara göre programların genel yapısı incelendiğinde 2005 programında yer alan komisyon listesi, Türk Milli Eğitiminin amaçları, vizyon ve temel yaklaşım gibi bölümlerin 2017 ve 2018 programlarında yer almadığı saptanmıştır. Kazanım boyutunda 2005 programında tüm sınıf düzeyleri için toplam 174 kazanım yer alırken; 2017 programında 134; 2018 programında ise 131 kazanım yer aldığı saptanmıştır. Beceri ve değerler incelendiğinde ise 2005 programında yer alan yaratıcı düşünme becerisinin yenilikçi düşünme becerisi olarak değiştirildiği, değerlerde ise 2005 programında yer alan hoşgörü, misafirperverlik değerlerinin 2017 ve 2018 programlarından çıkarıldığı; 2005 programında yer almayan eşitlik ve tasarruf değerlerinin 2017 ve 2018 programına eklendiği belirlenmiştir. İçerik boyutunda 2005 programında yer alan dokuz öğrenme alanının 2017 ve 2018 programında yediye düşürüldüğü saptanmıştır. Eğitim durumları boyutu incelendiğinde 2005 programında her bir kazanımla ilgili etkinlik örneklerine yer verilirken; 2017 ve 2018 programlarında herhangi bir etkinlik örneğine yer verilmediği saptanmıştır. Değerlendirme boyutu incelendiğinde 2005 programında ölçme araçları ayrıntılı bir biçimde açıklanmış ve örneklere yer verildiği belirlenmiştir.
Aksaray Vilayet Gazetesi’nde Türk Dış Politikası (1929-1930)
Authors: ÇAVUŞ Selahattin , ÇİFÇİ Muhammet Emin
Published: March 2020

2 Kasım 1864 tarihli Vilayet Nizamnamesi’nin bir sonucu olarak yayımlanmaya başlanan vilayet gazeteleri, uzun yıllar taşrada yayın faaliyetlerini sürdürmüştür. Bu gazetelerden bir kısmı Cumhuriyet sonrası yayım hayatına devam etmiş, yine Cumhuriyet sonrası vilayet gazetelerine yenileri eklenmiştir. Tepeden modernleşmenin bir aracı olarak kullanılan vilayet gazeteleri, Cumhuriyet’in kültür taşıyıcılığı görevini de icra etmiştir. 1926 yılında Aksaray ilinde yayımlanmaya başlayan yarı resmî Aksaray Vilayet Gazetesi, 1933 yılına kadar çıkmaya devam etmiş, bu süre zarfında öncülleri gibi taşrada resmî söylemin taşıyıcılığını üstlenmiştir. Bu çalışmada, Aksaray Vilayet Gazetesi’nin Türk dış politikasına ilişkin gelişmeleri sunuş biçimine odaklanılmıştır. Çalışmada öncelikle, dönemin Türk dış politikası Sovyet Sosyalist Cumhuriyetler Birliği, Amerika Birleşik Devletleri, Avrupa ülkeleri ve komşu ülkelerle geliştirilen ilişkiler üzerinden ele alınmıştır. Daha sonra, tarihsel araştırma tasarımı uygulanarak gazetenin 1929-1930 yılları arasındaki 97 sayısı ele alınmış, Türk dış politikasıyla alakalı çoğunluğunu haberlerin oluşturduğu 38 metinsel içerik, betimsel analize tabi tutulmuştur. Buna göre Aksaray Vilayet Gazetesi, dış politika içeriklerinde, “Yurtta Sulh Cihanda Sulh” ilkesiyle şekillenen dönemin Türk dış politikasının ruhunu yansıtır biçimde dengeli bir üslup kullanmış, haberlerinde ve köşe yazılarında çoğunlukla dostluk ve müttefiklik temalarını ön plana çıkarmıştır. Bununla birlikte gazete, yabancı basının Türk modernleşmesi ve yeni Cumhuriyet’le ilgili takdir dolu mesajlarını “Yabancı Matbuat Hülasaları” başlığı altında sayfalarına taşımıştır. Bu bağlamda gazete, resmî niteliğiyle uyumlu bir şekilde taşradaki okura ideoloji aktarımında bulunmuştur.
A PROVA HISTÓRICA NA CONCEPÇÃO RETÓRICA DE ARISTÓTELES
Authors: Alves Daniel Vecchio
Published: March 2020

O objetivo deste estudo é compreender como Aristóteles opera sua síntese teóricaentre história e poética a partir da Retórica, captando elementos opostos e contraditórios,e propondo soluções que os harmonizem, de modo a dar conta de explicara maior gama possível de fatos passados. Desse modo, adentraremos num pensarfilosófico aristotélico sobre o passado com posições próprias e diversificadas, reunidoem espécies distintas de saber: epistêmico, prático e poético. Paralelamente aessa diversidade, queremos corrigir uma imagem de Aristóteles como apenas analítico-lógico ou empirista, superando equívocos interpretativos referentes ao cunhofilosófico de sua obra científica.Palavras-chave: Retórica, Poética, história, prova
A HISTÓRIA DA LITERATURA É UM ROMANCE? A CONSTRUÇÃO DO ENREDO E DAS PERSONAGENS DOS MOVIMENTOS PARNASIANO E SIMBOLISTA EM DUAS HISTÓRIAS DA POESIA BRASILEIRA
Authors: Pereira Gabriela Simões
Published: March 2020

Este ensaio tem por objetivo analisar as perspectivas narrativas e historiográficasadotadas nas obras Do Barroco ao Modernismo – estudos de poesia brasileira(1967), de Péricles Eugênio da Silva Ramos, e Uma história da poesia brasileira(2007), de Alexei Bueno. Especificamente, a partir das considerações de David Perkins,em História da literatura e narração, e daquelas esboçadas por Carlos Reis, emHistória Literária e personagens da história: os mártires da literatura, este trabalhodiscorrerá sobre como ambas histórias da literatura constroem seus enredos e suaspersonagens para tratar de dois movimentos poéticos, historicamente simultâneos:o Simbolismo e Parnasianismo.Palavras-chave: História da Literatura; Parnasianismo; Simbolismo.
DIALÉTICA DA CEGUEIRA
Authors: Chauvin Jean Pierre
Published: March 2020

Neste trabalho, discutem-se aspectos relacionados ao gênero, ao tema e à fatura de Ensaio sobre a Cegueira (1995), propondo-se que o romance possa ser enfeixado como exemplar da ficção distópica, em diálogo com A Peste (1947), de AlbertCamus (1913-1960). Para José Saramago (1922-2010), a literatura também era pretexto para revisar a historiografia, estimular a reflexão e lutar contra o senso ordinário das palavras.Palavras-Chave: Romance distópico; Albert Camus; José Saramago
HISTÓRIA, CULTURA E INTOLERÂNCIA ACERCA DAS RELIGIÕES DE MATRIZES AFRICANAS NO BRASIL
Authors: Santos Wéllia Pimentel
Published: March 2020

As religiões de matrizes africanas são parte da diversidade religiosa do Brasil. Dentre algumas dessas manifestações, que tem como referência a cultura trazida pelos africanos durante mais de 300 anos de escravidão estão o cabula, o catimbó, a quimbanda e, principalmente, a umbanda e o candomblé, que se propagaram com mais intensidade pelo Brasil. Desde sua chegada ao país estes praticantes foram alvos de perseguições por manifestarem a sua fé, mas, ainda hoje, os episódios de intolerância religiosa fazem parte do cotidiano dessas pessoas. Nesse contexto, este artigo destaca essas manifestações brasileiras e sua forte ligação com a África, convergindo-se para as causas dessa intolerância. Para tanto, a metodologia aplicada ao trabalho se ateve a um estudo descritivo do tipo revisão bibliográfica, que se respaldou em literaturas científicas, trabalhos acadêmicos referenciados que tentam responder a tais reflexões, sendo que os resultados obtidos respondem satisfatoriamente à proposta da pesquisa em foco.Palavras-chave: Intolerância; Religião; Brasil.
DIREITO DA MÚSICA
Authors: Barros Carla Eugenia Caldas
Published: March 2020

Trata o presente artigo de obra resenhada que é de encantamentos e revelações em que se contrapõem a história da música e a do direito, elaborada sensibilidade Se diferentes são seus caminhos,( direito e música) o rumo é um só, em que mãos mágicas se misturam com o imaginário, colocando em paralelo, de um lado, o dó, ré, mi, fá, sol, lá, si, de outro, as elaborações do conhecimento e das doutrinas jurídicas ao longo do tempo. Em ambos, os emaranhados de ruídos e sussurros de vida instrumentalizados pelo existir culturalizado humano, de seus primórdios aos tempos atuais. E veio a internet para tudo revolucionar.Palavras-chave:. Contratos. Direito. Interpretação. Metáfora. Música na internet. Direito
CONFLITOS À LA CARTE
Authors: Oliveira Carlos Böes de
Published: March 2020

Este artigo pretende problematizar a construção de uma identidade desviante na personagem Raimundo Nonato, protagonista do filme Estômago, enquanto ele lida com situações onde os conflitos sociais permeiam as ações de todos que o cercam. Raimundo Nonato se mostra como um personagem desviante na narrativa desde a sua origem como um migrante nordestino na cidade grande até tornar-se um indivíduo de grande respeito e poder no ambiente carcerário. A metodologia aplicada será destinada à pesquisa bibliográfica e entre os cruzamentos interdisciplinares dos saberes antropológicos e a teoria do cinema. Os referenciais teóricos utilizados estão focados em textos que problematizam o sujeito como um sujeito desviante, em textos que salientam o papel do conflito como instrumento de sociação, e, em trabalhos que elaboram conceitos sobre a posição do receptor acerca da própria narrativa e da construção cinematográfica.Palavras-chave: Estômago. Desviante. Conflito.
A CONCORDÂNCIA VERBAL COM A PRIMEIRA PESSOA DO PLURAL NO CONTINUUM SOCIOLINGUÍSTICO DA BAHIA
Authors: Araújo Silvana Silva de Farias , Carmo Siméia Daniele Silva do
Published: March 2020

Este artigo investiga a concordância verbal com P4, a partir de dados linguísticos de diferentes perfis, a fim de verificar se é possível analisar a distribuição da variável levando em conta a influência de fatores socioculturais e estruturais nessa variação no continuum sociolinguístico brasileiro. Os resultados demonstram padrões de variação no PB no que concerne à concordância verbal com a primeira pessoa do plural, apresentando frequências altas de ausência de concordância verbal na fala popular e, por sua vez, inexistindo variação na fala culta. Nesse sentido, o apagamento das marcas de número nas formas verbais é recorrente na fala de indivíduos com pouca escolarização e ligados à cultura popular/rural.Palavras-chave: Concordância verbal; Português brasileiro; sociolinguística
REFERENCIAÇÃO, ARGUMENTAÇÃO E PRÁTICAS SOCIOPOLÍTICAS
Authors: Matos Samuel de Souza , Lima Geralda de Oliveira Santos
Published: March 2020

Na sociedade contemporânea, o crescente debate sobre direitos humanos LGBT, diversidade sexual e de gênero e combate à LGBTfobia levanta questões importantes sobre o papel e o funcionamento da linguagem nas práticas sociopolíticas de ativistas sociais. Discutimos, neste artigo*, sobre a construção do ethos do ativista LGBT da cidade de Aracaju/SE no que tange ao diálogo entre estudos da Referenciação (Mondada; Dubois, 2003) e da argumentação retórica (Perelman; Olbrechts-Tyteca, 1996). Constatamos, assim, que no texto analisado os resultados apontam para uma articulação entre processos referenciais (introdução referencial, anáforas e dêixis) e lugares retóricos, estratégias essas atreladas aos contextos situacional e sócio-histórico amplo das lutas de ativistas LGBT.Palavras-chave: Referenciação. Argumentação. Ativista LGBT
ORALIDADE, DIREITOS HUMANOS E COGNIÇÃO
Authors: Faria André Luiz
Published: March 2020

Este artigo objetiva criar uma ponte entre Linguística Cognitiva (FILMORE, 1977; LANGACKER, 1987; LAKOFF, 1987) e ensino de oralidade (MARCUSCHI, 2000) na perspectiva dos direitos humanos (DIAS, 2007). Minha finalidade é defender a ideia de que a conscientização de estruturas de conhecimento armazenadas na memória pode desenvolver nos alunos, por intermédio de atividades com gêneros textuais orais, competências discursivas altamente determinantes na formação discente, de modo a dialogar com as demandas educacionais do século XXI, sobretudo com aquelas diretamente vinculadas à cidadania e aos direitos humanos. Não se trata, pois, de um manual de etiqueta, receita ou “to-do list”; são ideias que, se bem desenvolvidas, abrirão agendas para trabalhos futuros.Palavras-chave: Linguística Cognitiva; Oralidade; Direitos Humanos; Ensino de Língua Portuguesa.
ENSINO DE FÍSICA INTERDISCIPLINAR PARA ALUNOS COM DEFICIÊNCIA VISUAL: A RELAÇÃO COM O SABER POR MEIO DA PRÁTICA DO GOALBALL
Authors: Nascimento Willdson Robson Silva do , Camargo Eder Pires de , Correia Eanes dos Santos , Silva Veleida Anahi da
Published: March 2020

Abordamos o processo de construção de um ambiente pedagógico que potencializou o ensinode física para alunos com deficiênciavisual.Apresentamosa interdisciplinaridade entre o Ensino de Física e o Goalball, esporte criado para cegos, como fenômeno social no processo de mobilização da aprendizagem dos alunos de uma escola estadual de Aracaju/SE sobre conceitos básicos da mecânica. A questão central é: como construir uma aula de física interdisciplinar para alunos com deficiência visual de forma a mediar a mobilização dos conhecimentos e representações desses estudantes? Os participantes da pesquisa foram dois alunos cegos e sete professores. Para alcançar o que foi proposto, pautamos na Relação com o Saber de Bernard Charlot e na concepção de interdisciplinaridade discutida por Ivani Fazenda e Hilton Japiassu. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa do tipo participativa. A análise dos dados foi realizada segundo os critérios da análise descritiva explorátoria. Os resultados demonstram a importância de ações planejadaseoreconhecimento dosestudantesenquanto sujeitos sociais e singulares.Palavras-Chave: Relação com o Saber. Goalball. Ensino de Física Interdisciplinar
Tipo acromial de brasileiros: Estudo em escápulas humanas
Authors: Cardinot Themis Moura , Mediano Mauro Felippe Felix , Almeida Jamille Santos de , Costa Bruno Ferreira Alves Castello da , Azevedo Paula de Abreu , Brito Rodrigo Paiva Martins de , Borges Juliana Pereira , vasconcellos Fabrício Vieira do Amaral , Régis Márcio Trindade Duque Estrada , Silva Michelle Gomes Moreira da , Verdoorn Karine Silva , Lucas Isabela Henriques , Carvalho Juliana Rangel de Oliveira , Moniz-De-Aragão Afonso Henriques Bandeira de
Published: March 2020

O estudo do acrômio tem sido motivo de interesse devido ao seu papel na patogênese, diagnóstico e tratamento conservador ou cirúrgico da dor no ombro. A maioria dos estudos que avaliou o tipo acromial foi realizada na América do Norte, Europa e Ásia e, por isso, pouco se sabe sobre o perfil acromial em brasileiros. O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar o tipo acromial de brasileiros. Um total de 112 escápulas secas, em bom estado de conservação, foram analisadas para esse estudo. As escápulas de ambos os lados foram avaliadas por dois observadores que utilizaram a classificação de Bigliani (tipo I – plano, tipo II – curvo, tipo III – gancho) refinada por Epstein. Os dados coletados por cada observador foram registrados em planilhas individuais e um consenso sobre o tipo acromial foi estabelecido para cada um dos acrômios avaliados. Das 112 escápulas analisadas foram encontradas 54 (48,2%) do tipo I (plano), 53 (47,3%) do tipo II (curvo) e 5 (4,5%) do tipo III (gancho). A análise de 112 escápulas humanas secas mostrou que o tipo acromial de maior incidência em brasileiros são os tipos I e II. O tipo III apresentou uma ocorrência muito pequena na amostra estudada.

Palavras-chave: Acrômio, ombro, dor, espaço subacromial, síndrome do impacto.
ПРОМОЦІЯ ОСВІТНЬОГО ПРОЄКТУ ІНСТРУМЕНТАМИ ВІЗУАЛЬНОЇ КОМУНІКАЦІЇ (НА ПРИКЛАДІ ПРОЄКТУ «ПОЧАТКОВА ШКОЛА: ОСВІТА ДЛЯ ЖИТТЯ»)
Authors: Netreba M.
Published: March 2020

In this very article a step-by-step algorithm of developing visual animation content for popularization of the project ‘’Primary school: Education for life’’, which was developed by a group of experts from Grinchenko University, has been analyzed in order to attract large number of people to its implementation and development. The main segments of the target audience of the project have been highlighted. Channels of dissemination of animated videos were defined and the effectiveness of advancing educational project was assessed with the help of KPI and web analytics as well.

High rates of public awareness through visual communication prove that the animation video is an effective tool to popularize different scientific projects. 13 animation videos were created, where one of them was made for parents of first graders, the second one was given to teachers, who are going to use this innovative program, which was specially created for primary schools and another 11 videos were developed to present exercise books according to the following topics: «I am a schoolboy, I am a schoolgirl», «A school bag», «A life of the book», «A way to school», «A school yard», «School is our house», «Rules and laws of school counrty», «School of polite children», «Grow healthy!», «Beautiful and useful»,  «A year in a school».

In general, the total amount of views of animation videos reached up to 15 thousands of watching and it also got nearly 100 publications in different mass medias about this project as well. So, thanks to the posting videos in social networks, in particular on the page of the project on Facebook and You Tube the target groups were interested in this very project. Teachers and representatives of educational institutions were highly interested and they were discussing animation videos quite active on Facebook. In the end I can say that the target audience has increased, so a lot of supporters has also appeared who will participate in implementation of this project.

Key words: visual communication, animated video, promotion, educational project, video content.
Alexandra Délano Alonso, From Here and There: Diaspora Policies, Integration, and Social Rights beyond Borders (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2018)
Authors: Hoffmann Lara Wilhelmine
Published: March 2020

A review of the book: Alexandra Délano Alonso, From Here and There: Diaspora Policies, Integration, and Social Rights beyond Borders (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2018)
Cardiometabolic Diseases: Biochemistry, Pathophysiology and Medical Innovations
Authors: Rao Gundu
Published: March 2020

It gives us great pleasure, to write this invited overview on, Biochemistry, pathophysiology and Medical Innovations, to the Journal of Biochemistry and Modern Applications. In an earlier article on a similar topic, we described a biochemistry course, that is offered at the Cambridge University UK, called The Molecules in Medical Science, which focuses on diseases, that are familiar by name and of high relevance like diabetes and cancer. Harvard Medical School, on the other hand, says, preparation of medical school in the 21st century, should reflect contemporary developments in medical knowledge, the pace of discovery and the permeation of biochemistry, cell biology, and genetics into most areas of medicine. Oxford Royale Academy looks at biomedicine the following way; -Biochemistry, as the name suggests, is where Biology meets Chemistry: it is the study of the living things, at a molecular level- or, to put it another way, the study of the very foundations of life. On the other hand, pathophysiology deals with a variety of altered metabolism, which drives the normal physiology out of gear, and promotes the development of risks, for various metabolic diseases. The Cardiometabolic Syndrome represents a constellation of metabolic abnormalities that are risk factors for the development of metabolic diseases, which in turn promote vascular diseases. Major metabolic diseases include hypertension, excess weight, obesity, and type-2 diabetes. Vascular diseases remain the number one killer worldwide and have retained this status for over a century. There is considerable debate, about whether the treatment of the disease itself is superior, or just the management of observed risks is enough? In view of such debates, there is a great need for the development of technologies that will facilitate early diagnosis and better management of progression, or regression of diseases. Furthermore, advances in research in the fields of genetics, cellular biology,
molecular biology, and emerging diagnostic tools, will improve our ability to manage chronic cardiometabolic diseases. In this overview, we have discussed advances in the various fields, the disconnect that exists between the researchers and clinicians, as well as between technologists and the end-users.
The Online Sale of Antibiotics for Veterinary Use
Authors: Garcia Juan F. , Diez M. Jose , Sahagun Ana M. , Diez Raquel , Sierra Matilde , Garcia Juan J. , Fernandez M. Nelida
Published: March 2020

Antibiotics are essential medicines against infectious diseases in both humans and animals. An inappropriate use of antibiotics can impair animal health and enhance the risk of bacterial resistance, as well as its transfer from animals to humans. The objective of this study was to assess the possibility of purchasing antibiotics for veterinary use on the internet, to evaluate if a prescription is required, and to determine the availability of drugs classified as the highest priority critically important antimicrobials (HP-CIA). The Google and Bing search engines and both simple and complex search strings in Spanish and in English were used. The simple search string was “buy veterinary antibiotics”. Complex searches used wildcards and specific syntax. The searches carried out in Spanish revealed that 50% of websites operated in South America, and 65% of websites did not require a valid prescription. Fluoroquinolones were offered in 84% of these websites (45% without prescription), macrolides were offered in 63% of these websites (43% without prescription), and 3rd– and 4th–generation cephalosporins in 54% of these websites (38% without prescription). For the searches in English, 57% of these websites operated in the United States of America (USA), and 55% of them did not require a prescription. Fluoroquinolones were offered in 79% of these websites (49% without prescription), macrolides were offered in 72% of these websites (45% without prescription), and 3rd– and 4th–generation cephalosporins were offered in 49% of these websites (27% without prescription). Therefore, it is easy to illegally access antibiotics via the internet.
Pronounced Inter-Individual Variation in Plasma Cortisol Response to Fluoxetine Hydrochloride in the Pig
Authors: Marsh Laura E. , Terry Robyn , Whittaker Alexandra L. , Hiendleder Stefan , Ralph Cameron R.
Published: March 2020

Animal welfare assessment requires measures for positive affective state. Pharmacological agents that manipulate affective state can be used to evaluate novel biomarkers for affective state assessment. However, to validate that an agent has modified brain function, a reliable indicator is required. Circulating cortisol has been used as a reporter for effective delivery of the antidepressant selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) fluoxetine hydrochloride to the brain in humans and sheep. Here, we tested cortisol as a reporter for effective delivery of fluoxetine hydrochloride to the pig brain. We hypothesized that following administration of SSRI, innervation of the serotonergic reward pathway would result in activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, leading to increased circulating cortisol levels. Large White-Landrace gilts received either a single intravenous dose of 100 mg fluoxetine hydrochloride suspended in 10 mL saline (n = 4), or 10 mL saline alone (n = 4). Blood samples were collected every 15 min for one hour prior to, and six hours post-treatment. The interaction of treatment x time on mean plasma cortisol levels between 15–165 min post-treatment was significant (p = 0.048) with highest cortisol concentrations of SSRI treated pigs versus controls (+ 98%) at 135 min post-treatment. However, individual cortisol profiles after SSRI treatment revealed high inter-individual variation in response. We conclude that, while combined data imply that plasma cortisol may be a readout for SSRI efficacy, inter-individual variation in SSRI response may preclude application of this approach in the pig. Given the current limited sample size, further research to confirm these findings is needed.
Live Feeds Used in the Larval Culture of Red Cusk Eel, Genypterus chilensis, Carry High Levels of Antimicrobial-Resistant Bacteria and Antibiotic-Resistance Genes (ARGs)
Authors: Hurtado Luz , Miranda Claudio D. , Rojas Rodrigo , Godoy Félix A. , Añazco Mark A. , Romero Jaime
Published: March 2020

The culture of red cusk eel Genypterus chilensis is currently considered a priority for Chilean aquaculture but low larval survival rates have prompted the need for the continuous use of antibacterials. The main aim of this study was to evaluate the role of live feed as a source of antibacterial-resistant bacteria in a commercial culture of G. chilensis. Samples of rotifer and Artemia cultures used as live feed were collected during the larval growth period and culturable bacterial counts were performed using a spread plate method. Rotifer and Artemia cultures exhibited high levels of resistant bacteria (8.03 × 104 to 1.79 × 107 CFU/g and 1.47 × 106 to 3.50 × 108 CFU/g, respectively). Sixty-five florfenicol-resistant isolates were identified as Vibrio (81.5%) and Pseudoalteromonas (15.4%) using 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. A high incidence of resistance to streptomycin (93.8%), oxytetracycline (89.2%), co-trimoxazole (84.6%), and kanamycin (73.8%) was exhibited by resistant isolates. A high proportion of isolates (76.9%) carried the florfenicol-resistance encoding genes floR and fexA, as well as plasmid DNA (75.0%). The high prevalence of multiresistant bacteria in live feed increases the incidence of the resistant microbiota in reared fish larvae, thus proper monitoring and management strategies for live feed cultures appear to be a priority for preventing future therapy failures in fish larval cultures.
A Building-Block Urban Meteorological Observation Experiment (BBMEX) Campaign in Central Commercial Area in Seoul
Authors: Park Moon-Soo , Byon Jae-Young , Kim Baek-Jo , Choi Woosuk , Myung Kwang-Min , Lee Sang-Hyun , Cho Tae-Il , Chae Jung-Hoon , Min Jae-Sik , Kang Minsoo , Jee Joon-Bum , Kim Sang-Heon , Cho Chang-Rae
Published: March 2020

High-resolution meteorological information is essential for attaining sustainable and resilient cities. To elucidate high-resolution features of surface and air temperatures in high-rise building blocks (BBs), a 3-dimensional BB meteorological observation experiment (BBMEX) campaign was designed. The campaign was carried out in a central commercial area in Seoul during a heat-wave event period (5−6 August) in 2019. Several types of fixed instrument were deployed, a mobile meteorological observation cart (MOCA) and a vehicle were operated periodically. The surface temperature was determined to be strongly dependent on the facial direction of a building, and sunlit or shade by surrounding obstacles. Considerable increases in surface temperature on the eastern facades of buildings before noon, on horizontal surfaces near noon, and on the western facades in the afternoon could provide more energy in BBs than over a flat surface. The air temperatures in the BB were higher than those at the Seoul station by 0.1−2.2 °C (1.1−1.9 °C) in daytime (night-time). The MOCA revealed that the surface and air temperatures in a BB could be affected by many complex factors, such as the structure of the BBs, shades, as well as the existence of facilities that mitigate heat stresses, such as ground fountains and waterways.
Alcoholic-Hepatitis, Links to Brain and Microbiome: Mechanisms, Clinical and Experimental Research
Authors: Neuman Manuela G. , Seitz Helmut Karl , French Samuel W. , Malnick Stephen , Tsukamoto Heidekazu , Cohen Lawrence B. , Hoffman Paula , Tabakoff Boris , Fasullo Michael , Nagy Laura E. , Tuma Pamela L. , Schnabl Bernd , Mueller Sebastian , Groebner Jennifer L. , Barbara French A. , Yue Jia , Nikko Afifiyan , Alejandro Mendoza , Brittany Tillman , Edward Vitocruz , Harrall Kylie , Saba Laura , Mihai Opris
Published: March 2020

The following review article presents clinical and experimental features of alcohol-induced liver disease (ALD). Basic aspects of alcohol metabolism leading to the development of liver hepatotoxicity are discussed. ALD includes fatty liver, acute alcoholic hepatitis with or without liver failure, alcoholic steatohepatitis (ASH) leading to fibrosis and cirrhosis, and hepatocellular cancer (HCC). ALD is fully attributable to alcohol consumption. However, only 10–20% of heavy drinkers (persons consuming more than 40 g of ethanol/day) develop clinical ALD. Moreover, there is a link between behaviour and environmental factors that determine the amount of alcohol misuse and their liver disease. The range of clinical presentation varies from reversible alcoholic hepatic steatosis to cirrhosis, hepatic failure, and hepatocellular carcinoma. We aimed to (1) describe the clinico-pathology of ALD, (2) examine the role of immune responses in the development of alcoholic hepatitis (ASH), (3) propose diagnostic markers of ASH, (4) analyze the experimental models of ALD, (5) study the role of alcohol in changing the microbiota, and (6) articulate how findings in the liver and/or intestine influence the brain (and/or vice versa) on ASH; (7) identify pathways in alcohol-induced organ damage and (8) to target new innovative experimental concepts modeling the experimental approaches. The present review includes evidence recognizing the key toxic role of alcohol in ALD severity. Cytochrome p450 CYP2E1 activation may change the severity of ASH. The microbiota is a key element in immune responses, being an inducer of proinflammatory T helper 17 cells and regulatory T cells in the intestine. Alcohol consumption changes the intestinal microbiota and influences liver steatosis and liver inflammation. Knowing how to exploit the microbiome to modulate the immune system might lead to a new form of personalized medicine in ALF and ASH.
Identification of Aberrantly-Expressed Long Non-Coding RNAs in Osteoblastic Cells from Osteoporotic Patients
Authors: Centofanti Federica , Santoro Massimo , Marini Mario , Visconti Virginia Veronica , Rinaldi Anna Maria , Celi Monica , D’Arcangelo Giovanna , Novelli Giuseppe , Orlandi Augusto , Tancredi Virginia , Tarantino Umberto , Botta Annalisa
Published: March 2020

Osteoporosis (OP) is a multifactorial disease influenced by genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. One of the main causes of the bone homeostasis alteration is inflammation resulting in excessive bone resorption. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), have a crucial role in regulating many important biological processes in bone, including inflammation. We designed our study to identify lncRNAs misregulated in osteoblast primary cultures derived from OP patients (n = 4), and controls (CTRs, n = 4) with the aim of predicting possible RNA and/or protein targets implicated in this multifactorial disease. We focused on 84 lncRNAs regulating the expression of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory genes and miRNAs. In silico analysis was utilized to predict the interaction of lncRNAs with miRNAs, mRNAs, and proteins targets. Six lncRNAs were significantly down-regulated in OP patients compared to controls: CEP83-AS1, RP11-84C13.1, CTC-487M23.5, GAS5, NCBP2-AS2, and SDCBP2-AS1. Bioinformatic analyses identified HDCA2, PTX3, and FGF2 proteins as downstream targets of CTC-487M23.5, GAS5, and RP11-84C13.1 lncRNAs mediated by the interaction with miRNAs implicated in OP pathogenesis, including miR-21-5p. Altogether, these data open a new regulatory mechanism of gene expression in bone homeostasis and could direct the development of future therapeutic approaches.
Aspirin Resistance Affects Medium-Term Recurrent Vascular Events after Cerebrovascular Incidents: A Three-Year Follow-up Study
Authors: Wiśniewski Adam , Filipska Karolina , Sikora Joanna , Kozera Grzegorz
Published: March 2020

Background: The aim of this prospective, a three-year follow-up study, was to establish the role of high on-treatment platelet reactivity (HTPR) in predicting the recurrence of vascular events in patients after cerebrovascular incidents, particularly in the aspect of stroke etiology. Methods: The study included 101 subjects with non-embolic cerebral ischemia (69 patients with ischemic stroke and 32 patients with transient ischemic attack) treated with 150 mg of acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) a day. The platelet reactivity was tested in the first 24 h after the onset of cerebral ischemia by impedance aggregometry. Recurrent vascular events, including recurrent ischemic stroke, transient ischemic attack, myocardial infarction, systemic embolism, or sudden death of vascular reason, were assessed 36 months after the onset of cerebral ischemia. Results: Recurrent vascular events occurred between 3 and 9 months after onset in 8.5% of all subjects; in the HTPR subgroup, recurrent vascular events occurred in 17.9%; in the normal on-treatment platelet reactivity (NTPR) subgroup, they occurred in 4.6%. We did not notice early or long-term recurrent events. Aspirin resistant subjects had a significantly higher risk of recurrent vascular events than did aspirin sensitive subjects (Odds ratio (OR) = 4.57, 95% Confidence interval (CI) 1.00–20.64; p = 0.0486). Cox proportional hazard models showed that large-vessel disease (Hazard ratio (HR) 12.04, 95% CI 2.43–59.72; p = 0.0023) and high on-treatment platelet reactivity (HR 4.28, 95% CI 1.02–17.93; p = 0.0465) were independent predictors of recurrent vascular events. Conclusion: Aspirin resistance in the acute phase of cerebral ischemia was associated with a higher risk of recurrent medium-term vascular events, coexisting with large-vessel etiology of stroke. Platelet function-guided personalized antiplatelet treatment should be considered for patients with recurrent strokes, especially when due to large-vessel disease.
The Cancer Stem Cell in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Schulte Lucas-Alexander , López-Gil Juan Carlos , Sainz Bruno , Hermann Patrick C.
Published: March 2020

The recognition of intra-tumoral cellular heterogeneity has given way to the concept of the cancer stem cell (CSC). According to this concept, CSCs are able to self-renew and differentiate into all of the cancer cell lineages present within the tumor, placing the CSC at the top of a hierarchical tree. The observation that these cells—in contrast to bulk tumor cells—are able to exclusively initiate new tumors, initiate metastatic spread and resist chemotherapy implies that CSCs are solely responsible for tumor recurrence and should be therapeutically targeted. Toward this end, dissecting and understanding the biology of CSCs should translate into new clinical therapeutic approaches. In this article, we review the CSC concept in cancer, with a special focus on hepatocellular carcinoma.
Cancer Genetics and Therapeutic Opportunities in Urologic Practice
Authors: Adashek Jacob J. , Leonard Alex , Roszik Jason , Menta Arjun K. , Genovese Giannicola , Subbiah Vivek , Msaouel Pavlos
Published: March 2020

This article aims to summarize the current literature on genetic alterations related to tumors of the genitourinary tract. Novel associations have recently been reported between specific DNA alterations and genitourinary malignancies. The most common cause of chromosome 3p loss in clear cell renal cell carcinoma is a chromothripsis event, which concurrently generates a chromosome 5q gain. Specific patterns of clear cell renal cell carcinoma metastatic evolution have been uncovered. The first therapy targeting a specific molecular alteration has now been approved for urothelial carcinoma. Germline mutations in DNA damage repair genes and the transcription factor HOXB13 are associated with prostate cancer and may be targeted therapeutically. The genetic associations noted across different genitourinary cancers can inform potential screening approaches and guide novel targeted treatment strategies.
Pharmacological Modulation of SAMHD1 Activity by CDK4/6 Inhibitors Improves Anticancer Therapy
Authors: Castellví Marc , Felip Eudald , Ezeonwumelu Ifeanyi , Badia Roger , Garcia-Vidal Edurne , Pujantell Maria , Gutiérrez-Chamorro Lucía , Teruel Iris , Martínez-Cardús Anna , Clotet Bonaventura , Riveira-Muñoz Eva , Margelí Mireia , Esté José , Ballana Ester
Published: March 2020

Sterile alpha motif and histidine-aspartic acid domain-containing protein 1 (SAMHD1) is a dNTP triphosphohydrolase involved in the regulation of the intracellular dNTP pool, linked to viral restriction, cancer development and autoimmune disorders. SAMHD1 function is regulated by phosphorylation through a mechanism controlled by cyclin-dependent kinases and tightly linked to cell cycle progression. Recently, SAMHD1 has been shown to decrease the efficacy of nucleotide analogs used as chemotherapeutic drugs. Here, we demonstrate that SAMHD1 can enhance or decrease the efficacy of various classes of anticancer drug, including nucleotide analogues, but also anti-folate drugs and CDK inhibitors. Importantly, we show that selective CDK4/6 inhibitors are pharmacological activators of SAMHD1 that act by inhibiting its inactivation by phosphorylation. Combinations of a CDK4/6 inhibitor with nucleoside or folate antimetabolites potently enhanced drug efficacy, resulting in highly synergic drug combinations (CI < 0.04). Mechanistic analyses reveal that cell cycle-controlled modulation of SAMHD1 function is the central process explaining changes in anticancer drug efficacy, therefore providing functional proof of the potential of CDK4/6 inhibitors as a new class of adjuvants to boost chemotherapeutic regimens. The evaluation of SAMHD1 expression in cancer tissues allowed for the identification of cancer types that would benefit from the pharmacological modulation of SAMHD1 function. In conclusion, these results indicate that the modulation of SAMHD1 function may represent a promising strategy for the improvement of current antimetabolite-based treatments.
The NANOG Transcription Factor Induces Type 2 Deiodinase Expression and Regulates the Intracellular Activation of Thyroid Hormone in Keratinocyte Carcinomas
Authors: Nappi Annarita , Di Cicco Emery , Miro Caterina , Cicatiello Annunziata Gaetana , Sagliocchi Serena , Mancino Giuseppina , Ambrosio Raffaele , Luongo Cristina , Di Girolamo Daniela , De Stefano Maria Angela , Porcelli Tommaso , Stornaiuolo Mariano , Dentice Monica
Published: March 2020

Type 2 deiodinase (D2), the principal activator of thyroid hormone (TH) signaling in target tissues, is expressed in cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) during late tumorigenesis, and its repression attenuates the invasiveness and metastatic spread of SCC. Although D2 plays multiple roles in cancer progression, nothing is known about the mechanisms regulating D2 in cancer. To address this issue, we investigated putative upstream regulators of D2 in keratinocyte carcinomas. We found that the expression of D2 in SCC cells is positively regulated by the NANOG transcription factor, whose expression, besides being causally linked to embryonic stemness, is associated with many human cancers. We also found that NANOG binds to the D2 promoter and enhances D2 transcription. Notably, blockage of D2 activity reduced NANOG-induced cell migration as well as the expression of key genes involved in epithelial–mesenchymal transition in SCC cells. In conclusion, our study reveals a link among endogenous endocrine regulators of cancer, thyroid hormone and its activating enzyme, and the NANOG regulator of cancer biology. These findings could provide the basis for the development of TH inhibitors as context-dependent anti-tumor agents.
Overexpression of Murine Rnaset2 in a Colon Syngeneic Mouse Carcinoma Model Leads to Rebalance of Intra-Tumor M1/M2 Macrophage Ratio, Activation of T Cells, Delayed Tumor Growth, and Rejection
Authors: De Vito Annarosaria , Orecchia Paola , Balza Enrica , Reverberi Daniele , Scaldaferri Debora , Taramelli Roberto , Noonan Douglas M. , Acquati Francesco , Mortara Lorenzo
Published: March 2020

Human RNASET2 acts as a powerful oncosuppressor protein in in vivo xenograft-based murine models of human cancer. Secretion of RNASET2 in the tumor microenvironment seems involved in tumor suppression, following recruitment of M1-polarized macrophages. Here, we report a murine Rnaset2-based syngeneic in vivo assay. BALB/c mice were injected with parental, empty vector-transfected or murine Rnaset2-overexpressing mouse C51 or TS/A syngeneic cells and tumor growth pattern and immune cells distribution in tumor mass were investigated. Compared to control cells, mouse Rnaset2-expressing C51 cells showed strong delayed tumor growth. CD86+ M1 macrophages were massively recruited in Rnaset2-expressing C51-derived tumors, with concomitant inhibition of MDSCs and CD206+ M2 macrophages recruitment. At later times, a relevant expansion of intra-tumor CD8+ T cells was also observed. After re-challenge with C51 parental cells, most mice previously injected with Rnaset2-expressing C51 cells still rejected C51 tumor cells, suggesting a Rnaset2-mediated T cell adaptive immune memory response. These results point at T2 RNases as evolutionary conserved oncosuppressors endowed with the ability to inhibit cancer growth in vivo through rebalance of intra-tumor M1/M2 macrophage ratio and concomitant recruitment of adaptive anti-tumor CD8+ T cells.
Functional Blockade of E-Selectin in Tumor-Associated Vessels Enhances Anti-Tumor Effect of Doxorubicin in Breast Cancer
Authors: Morita Yoshihiro , Leslie Macall , Kameyama Hiroyasu , Lokesh Ganesh L. R. , Ichimura Norihisa , Davis Rachel , Hills Natalie , Hasan Nafis , Zhang Roy , Kondo Yuji , Gorenstein David G. , Volk David E. , Chervoneva Inna , Rui Hallgeir , Tanaka Takemi
Published: March 2020

Chemotherapy is a mainstay of treatment for solid tumors. However, little is known about how therapy-induced immune cell infiltration may affect therapy response. We found substantial CD45+ immune cell density adjacent to E-selectin expressing inflamed vessels in doxorubicin (DOX)-treated residual human breast tumors. While CD45 level was significantly elevated in DOX-treated wildtype mice, it remained unchanged in DOX-treated tumors from E-selectin null mice. Similarly, intravenous administration of anti-E-selectin aptamer (ESTA) resulted in a significant reduction in CD45+ immune cell density in DOX-treated residual tumors, which coincided with a delay in tumor growth and lung metastasis in MMTV-pyMT mice. Additionally, both tumor infiltrating T-lymphocytes and tumor associated-macrophages were skewed towards TH2 in DOX-treated residual breast tumors; however, ESTA suppressed these changes. This study suggests that DOX treatment instigates de novo intratumoral infiltration of immune cells through E-selectin, and functional blockade of E-selectin may reduce residual tumor burden as well as metastasis through suppression of TH2 shift.