bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
GESTÃO AMBIENTAL E MUDANÇA ORGANIZACIONAL: UM ESTUDO LONGITUDINAL (1971-2009) EM UMA COMPANHIA DE SANEAMENTO BRASILEIRA DOI: 10.5773/rgsa.v7i2.619
Authors: Gomes Carvalho Rocha de Matos Tatiana , Chies Schommer Paula
Published: April 2017

em meio às constantes influências advindas do ambiente interno e externo, organizações vivenciam mudanças que podem alterar processos, valores, políticas e estruturas. A atual preocupação com preservação ambiental e desenvolvimento sustentável tende a influenciar mudanças organizacionais, especialmente em certos setores como o de saneamento básico. Empresas de abastecimento de água e coleta e tratamento do esgoto são potencialmente sensíveis à necessidade de adotar premissas e instrumentos de gestão ambiental, dada a relação direta entre sua atuação e a qualidade do meio ambiente. Este estudo busca compreender as mudanças organizacionais em gestão ambiental ocorridas na Água Azul, principal empresa de saneamento de um estado brasileiro, entre os anos de 1971 e 2009, considerando as dimensões de contexto - em que condições do contexto interno e externo as mudanças ocorreram; conteúdo - quais mudanças ocorreram e; processo - como as mudanças ocorreram. A pesquisa, de natureza qualitativa, estuda um caso único, investigado de modo longitudinal, exploratório e descritivo, examinando as mudanças organizacionais ocorridas em quatro períodos. Orientada pelas dimensões de contexto, conteúdo e processo, do modelo contextualista de Pettigrew (1987), e categorizações de gestão ambiental elaboradas por Barbieri (2007), Jabbour e Santos (2006) e Donaire (1995), os dados foram coletados e tratados por meio da abordagem da direct research. Conclui-se que, embora as mudanças em gestão ambiental nos períodos analisados sejam visíveis em iniciativas e áreas específicas da empresa, as mesmas correspondem a estágios iniciais ou intermediários, não sendo algo disseminado e incorporado às práticas da organização.
ATUAÇÃO DE COOPERATIVAS DE CATADORES DE MATERIAIS RECICLÁVEIS NA LOGÍSTICA REVERSA EMPRESARIAL PARA RECICLAGEM POR MEIO DE COMERCIALIZAÇÃO DIRETA
Authors: De Jesus Fernanda Santos Mota , Barbieri José Carlos
Published: April 2017

A pesquisa objetivou compreender a inserção de organizações de catadores, em programas empresariais de logística reversa, para reciclagem de embalagens pós-consumo. O estudo multicasos englobou programas empresariais nos quais as cooperativas atuam como fornecedoras de primeira camada dos seguintes setores: vidro, papelão, embalagem longa vida e plástico PET. O respectivo estudo envolveu quatro empresas e quatro cooperativas de catadores, sendo uma delas analisada como explanação rival. De maneira geral, observou-se que as características dos programas decorrem das motivações para a estruturação da logística reversa, seja pela responsabilidade socioambiental, recuperação de materiais, competitividade da embalagem, imagem corporativa ou pelas compras de materiais secundários. Além da obtenção de escala e regularização, o avanço das cooperativas de catadores nessas cadeias de suprimentos foi viabilizado através da aprendizagem prática quanto à correta identificação e seleção de materiais recicláveis e desenvolvimento de processos de pré-processamento para garantia de qualidade, conforme exigências das empresas. Em dois dos casos analisados, constatou-se a atuação de empresas de bens de consumo na gestão de fluxos de informações, permitindo uma gestão eficiente das operações de logística reversa. Para as cooperativas de catadores a comercialização direta tem proporcionado melhores preços dos materiais recicláveis e perspectivas de vendas em longo prazo.
A INFLUÊNCIA DOS VALORES SUSTENTÁVEIS NA ESCOLHA DE UMA ORGANIZAÇÃO PARA SE TRABALHAR
Authors: Nascimento Fernando , Barros Filippe Delarissa , Pinsky Vanessa Cuzziol , Marinho Bernadete de Lourdes
Published: April 2017

Com base na proposição de que os indivíduos valorizam organizações que apresentam um bom desempenho socioambiental, o presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a influência dos valores pessoais na escolha de uma organização para se trabalhar. Trata-se de uma pesquisa quantitativa e descritiva, utilizando-se o método survey analítico e considerando uma amostra não probabilística, por conveniência. A coleta dos dados deu-se por meio de questionário estruturado em três partes, considerando cenários de empresas, que foram avaliadas pelos respondentes em função da disposição ou não de se trabalhar nelas, estrutura universal de valores da Teoria de Schwartz (1992) e perguntas sobre o perfil dos respondentes. Por meio da análise dos dados foi possível identificar que há indícios de que quanto maior a presença da dimensão autotranscedência – que compreende os valores universalismo e benevolência do indivíduo, segundo Teoria de Schwartz (1992) – maior a importância dada ao desempenho socioambiental da empresa, e, portanto, à sustentabilidade, uma vez que o desempenho econômico das empresas é avaliado independentemente da presença ou ausência de qualquer grupo de valores. Também foi observada que indivíduos com baixa presença valores autotranscendentes dão menos importância à remuneração.. Os principais limites do estudo foram a amostra homogênea e não estatisticamente representativa, bem como algumas limitações intrínsecas ao instrumento de coleta de dados utilizado.
ESTUDO BIBLIOMÉTRICO SOBRE AS CARACTERÍSTICAS DA CONTABILIDADE AMBIENTAL EM PERIÓDICOS NACIONAIS E INTERNACIONAIS
Authors: Teixeira Lucelma Maria dos Santos , Ribeiro Maísa de Souza
Published: April 2017

Este estudo foi executado para investigar contribuições que fossem plausíveis ao enriquecimento da literatura, à evolução de pensamentos, digressões sobre o assunto apontando para possíveis áreas dignas de pesquisa e desenvolvimento de acadêmicos e profissionais contábil. Com o objetivo de identificar e analisar as características das pesquisas sobre a contabilidade ambiental, o presente estudo realizou uma análise bibliométrica, com foco exploratório, de cunho qualitativo, por meio da análise conteúdo e bibliográfica de 44 artigos, relacionados à contabilidade ambiental, que foram publicados de janeiro de 2010 a junho de 2013, em 8 periódicos nacionais e 8 internacionais. O tema mais explorado na amostra foi a evidenciação ambiental, juntamente com questões relacionadas a impactos ambientais, performance ambiental, desempenho econômico em relação ao meio ambiente; a Teoria da Legitimidade foi a mais utilizada para embasar os estudos investigados; dentre os países pesquisados pelos trabalhos estudados, o Brasil foi o mais explorado. Dos que mais publicaram nos periódicos analisados há destaque para a Universidade de São Paulo, Revista Universo Contábil e para a pesquisadora Elisete Dahmer Pfitscher. A analise documental e os testes paramétricos e não paramétricos foram os métodos mais utilizados para coleta e análise dos dados. Os trabalhos empíricos foram maioria na amostra levantada, bem como as abordagens relacionadas à pesquisa financeira (direcionada ao usuário externo), em detrimento da gerencial (foco no usuário interno) e metodológica, com predominância da exploração de dados secundários de empresas, setores e países.
Palavras chaves: meio ambiente; contabilidade; análise de conteúdo; pesquisa bibliométrica.
Editorial
Authors: Demajorovic Jacques
Published: April 2017

Editorial
Principios éticos
Authors: GAPP Revista
Published: April 2017

Principios éticos. Gestión y Análisis de Políticas Públicas. Nueva Época. Número 10
Autores
Authors: GAPP Revista
Published: April 2017

Autores. Gestión y Análisis de Políticas Públicas. Nueva Época. Número 10
Del pensamiento a la acción…, creando valor público. Herramientas de la gestión estratégica para la integración de las competencias en el Sistema Educativo
Authors: Martín Seco Paulino , Martín Pérez Sonia
Published: April 2017

La evolución de los sistemas educativos en las últimas décadas, han llevado implícitos cambios en los espacios, en los medios, en los objetivos, pero sobre todo en los procesos. Esta evolución del proceso está ligada al desarrollo de la educación basada en competencias, que implica el desarrollo del aprendizaje por la vía de la experimentación, y que posibilita a las personas ser lo que puedan y quieran llegar a ser. Esta “novedosa” visión del aprendizaje, fue descrita por Confucio, quinientos años antes de nuestra era, “…me lo contaron y lo olvidé, lo vi y lo entendí, lo hice y lo aprendí…”. Pero, evidentemente, en la actualidad las competencias necesarias para integrarse y desarrollarse en la sociedad, han cambiado, al igual que lo han hecho los objetivos, los medios y las necesidades. En este artículo, proponemos la utilización de herramientas y modelos de gestión de la calidad para conseguir integrar la educación por competencias en todo el sistema educativo, desde la perspectiva de la gestión estratégica, alineando los objetivos de las políticas educativas actuales, de mejora de la calidad del sistema, de desarrollo económico y de cohesión social, con una metodología de gestión de dichas políticas, de forma que la mejora de las competencias básicas, profesionales e interpersonales sean el camino para alcanzar dichos objetivos, a través de políticas públicas que garanticen la eficacia, la eficiencia y la efectividad en la gestión de los recursos disponibles en la administración, para la generación de valor público en los ciudadanos y en la sociedad en su conjunto.
Ante la polisemia del término absentismo, un intento de concreción de las condiciones necesarias del concepto
Authors: Martínez Rafael , Jané Pep
Published: April 2017

Las distintas aproximaciones al absentismo que se han realizado desde diferentes ramas del conocimiento: económico, legal, médico y psicosocial, no sólo no han ayudado a definir el concepto sino que han aportado una considerable confusión. Las múltiples invocaciones al término se mueven en una escala de generalidad en la que la mayor intensión correlaciona negativamente con la extensión. Porque cuando se asimila cualquier ausencia del puesto de trabajo con el absentismo, casi todo cabe; pero el concepto se vuelve vago y se pierde en una mezcolanza de adjetivos que no permiten avanzar en su comprensión. Si por el contrario, sólo denominamos absentismo a las conductas que tengan los atributos básicos, muchas de las definiciones que hemos analizado no versarán sobre absentismo. Pero como contrapartida, tendremos una referencia conceptual desde la que estudiar y afrontar el fenómeno. Para nosotros son tres las condiciones necesarias, aunque no suficientes por sí mismas, que permiten afrontar el absentismo como un fenómeno de interés politológico: la ausencia, la inexistencia de causa habilitante y la improductividad.
Criterios para la presentación y publicación de originales
Authors: GAPP Revista
Published: April 2017

Criterios para la presentación y publicación de originales
Primeras y Sumario
Authors: GAPP Revista
Published: April 2017

Índice de la revista GAPP n.º 13
La selección de los directivos públicos en atención al mérito profesional. Algunas enseñanzas de Portugal
Authors: Baz Vicente Rubén
Published: April 2017

El objetivo principal de este trabajo es poner de manifiesto la situación actual de la función pública directiva en el ámbito concreto de la Administración General del Estado. Básicamente, la figura del directivo público profesional se caracteriza por la carencia de régimen jurídico específico, lo que determina la falta de criterios para definir con precisión qué es, cómo se selecciona y cuáles son sus peculiaridades en relación con el resto de empleados públicos. En este artículo se efectúan una serie de reflexiones sobre la selección de los directivos públicos y, en concreto, sobre la importancia de que la misma se lleve a cabo atendiendo, como elemento esencial, al mérito. Sobre la base del mismo, se toma como referencia un ejemplo de derecho comparado que está poniendo de manifiesto las bondades que para la mejora de la calidad de los servicios supone que la selección de los directivos se lleve a cabo por un órgano independiente (la CReSAP de Portugal), como vía esencial para lograr profesionalizar la función pública directiva.
Planeación metropolitana, políticas públicas y gobernanza territorial: Orígenes y fundamentos conceptuales en México
Authors: Rosas Ferrusca Francisco Javier , Rogel Fajardo Isidro , Colín Plata Karla Cecilia
Published: April 2017

Los actuales problemas derivados del acelerado crecimiento urbano y demográfico que han experimentado las principales ciudades de México, conducen a la necesidad de explorar la estrecha relación que debe existir entre la planeación metropolitana, las políticas públicas y la gobernanza territorial. En el caso particular de México, la escasa colaboración gubernamental a nivel inter e intrainstitucional para atender los retos de la metropolización, obligan a diseñar esquemas de coordinación horizontal y vertical que involucren la participación de los agentes sociales. Por tal motivo, el presente artículo contextualiza los orígenes y fundamentos conceptuales de estas dimensiones, cuyas aportaciones permiten perfeccionar los instrumentos que la Administración Pública en sus diferentes ámbitos puede aplicar para responder con eficiencia y eficacia a las complejas demandas de la población.
Sítio Santo Antonio da Bica
Authors: Siqueira Vera Beatriz
Published: April 2017

O artigo procura desdobrar uma afirmação do paisagista brasileiro Roberto Burle Marx, que costumava dizer que justo ele, criador de tantos jardins públicos e privados, jamais criara um para si próprio. A reflexão sobre as razões pelas quais a sua propriedade em Barra de Guaratiba, no Rio de Janeiro, o Sítio Santo Antônio da Bica, não poderia ser qualificada como um jardim conduz à investigação da relação entre coleções botânicas e artísticas, e do uso da coleção como um modelo formal para o paisagista.
Taking Liberties: The Influence of the Architectural and Ideological Space of the Hope Theatre on Jonson's Bartholomew Fair
Authors: Harrison Tom
Published: April 2017

The performance of Bartholomew Fair at the Hope Theatre in 1614 was the play's first and only recorded public performance in Jonson's lifetime, and the playtext still bears the stamp of this theatrical debut. Using the spatial theories of Foucault, de Certeau, and Lefebvre, I suggest that Jonson takes advantage of the liminal spaces of his performance venue, the ideologically ambiguous space of the Liberty that contained it, as well as his play's fictive setting (the Fair itself), to pass comment on the more ideologically solid and austere environment of the City of London. I also argue that in some ways this first performance can be read as ‘proto-site-specific,’ inasmuch as the play relies on the particularities of its environment to achieve Jonson's aim—to exhort his audience into a more sophisticated ‘understanding’ of the play's action—an understanding that he hoped would, in turn, affect their reading of the real urban space outside the playhouse.

The Jonsonian ‘third way’ between represented and representational spaces takes advantage of the heterogeneous environment of the playhouse and elides together the heterotopian environments of Fair and Liberty to invite a correspondingly unstable interpretive response from its audience. This experiential division is enforced in the space of the stage and auditorium, with Jonson's use of inductive techniques, staging, and direct address—which frequently privileges some groups of spectators, to the detriment of others—helping to enforce divisions within the audience. The interpretive openness of Jonson's spatial practice becomes in effect a microcosm for the vast number of spatial practices performed by the inhabitants of the real city beyond the Hope's walls. However, in his emphasis on ‘understanding’ spectators Jonson provides his audience with the cognitive tools to be the actors rather than the acted-upon in the dog-eat-dog environment of London's urban space, and it is within the triangulation between text, playhouse and suburban environment of the play's first performance that this effect is most pronounced.
Extreme Value Theory and the New Sunspot Number Series
Authors: Acero F. J. , Carrasco V. M. S. , Gallego M. C. , García J. A. , Vaquero J. M.
Published: April 2017

Extreme value theory was employed to study solar activity using the new sunspot number index. The block maxima approach was used at yearly (1700–2015), monthly (1749–2016), and daily (1818–2016) scales, selecting the maximum sunspot number value for each solar cycle, and the peaks-over-threshold (POT) technique was used after a declustering process only for the daily data. Both techniques led to negative values for the shape parameters. This implies that the extreme sunspot number value distribution has an upper bound. The return level (RL) values obtained from the POT approach were greater than when using the block maxima technique. Regarding the POT approach, the 110 year (550 and 1100 year) RLs were lower (higher) than the daily maximum observed sunspot number value of 528. Furthermore, according to the block maxima approach, the 10-cycle RL lay within the block maxima daily sunspot number range, as expected, but it was striking that the 50- and 100-cycle RLs were also within that range. Thus, it would seem that the RL is reaching a plateau, and, although one must be cautious, it would be difficult to attain sunspot number values greater than 550. The extreme value trends from the four series (yearly, monthly, and daily maxima per solar cycle, and POT after declustering the daily data) were analyzed with the Mann–Kendall test and Sen’s method. Only the negative trend of the daily data with the POT technique was statistically significant.
Estimates of Active Region Area Coverage through Simultaneous Measurements of the He i λλ 5876 and 10830 Lines
Authors: Andretta Vincenzo , Giampapa Mark S. , Covino Elvira , Reiners Ansgar , Beeck Benjamin
Published: April 2017

Simultaneous, high-quality measurements of the neutral helium triplet features at 5876 Å and 10830 Å in a sample of solar-type stars are presented. The observations were made with ESO telescopes at the La Silla Paranal Observatory under program ID 088.D-0028(A) and MPG Utility Run for Fiber Extended-range Optical Spectrograph 088.A-9029(A). The equivalent widths of these features combined with chromospheric models are utilized to infer the fractional area coverage, or filling factor, of magnetic regions outside of spots. We find that the majority of the sample is characterized by filling factors less than unity. However, discrepancies occur among the coolest K-type and the warmest and most rapidly rotating F-type dwarf stars. We discuss these apparently anomalous results and find that in the case of K-type stars, they are an artifact of the application of chromospheric models best suited to the Sun than to stars with significantly lower T
eff. The case of the F-type rapid rotators can be explained by the measurement uncertainties of the equivalent widths, but they may also be due to a non-magnetic heating component in their atmospheres. With the exceptions noted above, preliminary results suggest that the average heating rates in the active regions are the same from one star to the other, differing in the spatially integrated, observed level of activity due to the area coverage. Hence, differences in activity in this sample are mainly due to the filling factor of active regions.
Extending the Calibration of C iv-based Single-epoch Black Hole Mass Estimators for Active Galactic Nuclei*
Authors: Park 박대 Daeseong 성 , Barth Aaron J. , Woo 우종 Jong-Hak 학 , Malkan Matthew A. , Treu Tommaso , Bennert Vardha N. , Assef Roberto J. , Pancoast Anna
Published: April 2017

We provide an updated calibration of C iv

λ
1549

broad emission line–based single-epoch (SE) black hole (BH) mass estimators for active galactic nuclei (AGNs) using new data for six reverberation-mapped AGNs at redshift

z
=
0.005
–
0.028

with BH masses (bolometric luminosities) in the range

10

6.5

–

10

7.5

M

⊙

(

10

41.7

–

10

43.8

erg s−1). New rest-frame UV-to-optical spectra covering 1150–5700 Å for the six AGNs were obtained with the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). Multicomponent spectral decompositions of the HST spectra were used to measure SE emission-line widths for the C iv, Mg ii, and Hβ lines, as well as continuum luminosities in the spectral region around each line. We combine the new data with similar measurements for a previous archival sample of 25 AGNs to derive the most consistent and accurate calibrations of the C iv-based SE BH mass estimators against the Hβ reverberation-based masses, using three different measures of broad-line width: full width at half maximum (FWHM), line dispersion (

σ

line

), and mean absolute deviation (MAD). The newly expanded sample at redshift

z
=
0.005
–
0.234

covers a dynamic range in BH mass (bolometric luminosity) of

log

M

BH

/

M

☉

=
6.5
–
9.1

(

log

L

bol

/

erg s−1

=

41.7
–
46.9

), and we derive the new C iv-based mass estimators using a Bayesian linear regression analysis over this range. We generally recommend the use of

σ

line

or MAD rather than FWHM to obtain a less biased velocity measurement of the C iv emission line, because its narrow-line component contribution is difficult to decompose from the broad-line profile.
Rotation of Late-type Stars in Praesepe with K2
Authors: Rebull L. M. , Stauffer J. R. , Hillenbrand L. A. , Cody A. M. , Bouvier J. , Soderblom D. R. , Pinsonneault M. , Hebb L.
Published: April 2017

We have Fourier-analyzed 941 K2 light curves (LCs) of likely members of Praesepe, measuring periods for 86% and increasing the number of rotation periods (P) by nearly a factor of four. The distribution of P versus

, a mass proxy, has three different regimes:

 < 1.3, where the rotation rate rapidly slows as mass decreases; 1.3 < 

 < 4.5, where the rotation rate slows more gradually as mass decreases; and

 > 4.5, where the rotation rate rapidly increases as mass decreases. In this last regime, there is a bimodal distribution of periods, with few between ∼2 and ∼10 days. We interpret this to mean that once M stars start to slow down, they do so rapidly. The K2 period–color distribution in Praesepe (∼790 Myr) is much different than that in the Pleiades (∼125 Myr) for late F, G, K, and early-M stars; the overall distribution moves to longer periods and is better described by two line segments. For mid-M stars, the relationship has a similarly broad scatter and is steeper in Praesepe. The diversity of LCs and of periodogram types is similar in the two clusters; about a quarter of the periodic stars in both clusters have multiple significant periods. Multi-periodic stars dominate among the higher masses, starting at a bluer color in Praesepe (

 ∼ 1.5) than in the Pleiades (

 ∼ 2.6). In Praesepe, there are relatively more LCs that have two widely separated periods,

. Some of these could be examples of M star binaries where one star has spun down but the other has not.
Some effects of carbon dioxide on mortars and concrete
Authors: Leber I. , Blakey F. A.
Published: April 2017

Not available
Determinación rápida de silicio, aluminio, hierro, calcio y magnesio en la caliza, clinker y cemento
Authors: Largmyhr F. J. , Saether B.
Published: April 2017

Not available.
Alice Munro, voir l’invisible
Authors: Colin Claire
Published: April 2017

Cet article s’intéresse au regard dans les nouvelles d’Alice Munro : la description minutieuse du quotidien semble indiquer chez la nouvelliste canadienne une volonté de retranscrire fidèlement le réel. Toutefois l’étude attentive du regard montre rapidement combien ce qui semble s’offrir le plus facilement à la vue est en réalité masqué, entravé, obscurci, se dérobant de cette façon à toute connaissance claire et définitive. Les nouvelles d’Alice Munro nous donnent ainsi paradoxalement l’intuition, parfois de façon accentuée, en jouant par exemple avec la notion d’épiphanie, que nous ne pourrons jamais voir entièrement ce qui nous semblait le plus évident.
The Marketing of Information and Knowledge Management
Authors: Rascão José Poças
Published: April 2017

This chapter discusses the issues of customers´ satisfaction and needs, in terms of information, as a basis for the practice of marketing in information management. It underlines the arguments of the relationship between Marketing and information science. The main idea is that Marketing practice cannot occur without information about customers and to customers. This way, the relationship of marketing to information management, in information science, is emphasized. Likewise, the importance of the studies and research on Marketing of information, as philosophical approach of the information management process, is highlighted. The structure of the chapter synthesizes the existing academic work while seeking to generate new knowledge. Moreover, it presents the promotion and communication of information in organizations from the evolution of the concept of Marketing, in an integrated manner. Finally, the implications for future research are advanced.
Restorative Justice and Women's Experiences of Violence in Nigeria
Authors: Ayodele Johnson Oluwole
Published: April 2017

The principles of restorative justice (RJ) and traditional African mediatory practices share a similar vision about giving social healing to offenders, victims, and communities in the aftermath of victimization. Regrettably, colonialism drove Africa's traditional restoration-based justice initiative out by forcefully replacing it with its retribution-oriented alternative. The chapter theoretically examines RJ vis-à-vis women's experiences of violence in Nigeria. It obtained its data mainly from secondary sources. It argues that culture prevents numerous cases involving the interests of women, as wives or intimate partners of men, from public negotiation especially with or before strangers in Nigeria. This chapter concludes that RJ is an innovative means of returning to and modernizing Africa's history of social healing to ease access of Nigerians to justice, regardless of gender.
IL-20 Signaling in Activated Human Neutrophils Inhibits Neutrophil Migration and Function
Authors: Gough Portia , Ganesan Sundar , Datta Sandip K.
Published: April 2017

Neutrophils possess multiple antimicrobial mechanisms that are critical for protection of the host against infection with extracellular microbes, such as the bacterial pathogen Staphylococcus aureus. Recruitment and activation of neutrophils at sites of infection are driven by cytokine and chemokine signals that directly target neutrophils via specific cell surface receptors. The IL-20 subfamily of cytokines has been reported to act at epithelial sites and contribute to psoriasis, wound healing, and anti-inflammatory effects during S. aureus infection. However, the ability of these cytokines to directly affect neutrophil function remains incompletely understood. In this article, we show that human neutrophils altered their expression of IL-20R chains upon migration and activation in vivo and in vitro. Such activation of neutrophils under conditions mimicking infection with S. aureus conferred responsiveness to IL-20 that manifested as modification of actin polymerization and inhibition of a broad range of actin-dependent functions, including phagocytosis, granule exocytosis, and migration. Consistent with the previously described homeostatic and anti-inflammatory properties of IL-20 on epithelial cells, the current study provides evidence that IL-20 directly targets and inhibits key inflammatory functions of neutrophils during infection with S. aureus.
Construction of minimal skew products of amenable minimal dynamical systems
Authors: Suzuki Yuhei
Published: April 2017

For an amenable minimal topologically free dynamical system

\alpha

of a group on a compact metrizable space

Z

and for a compact metrizable space

Y

satisfying a mild condition, we construct a minimal skew product extension of

\alpha

on

Z \times Y

. This generalizes a result of Glasner and Weiss. We also study the pure infiniteness of the crossed products of minimal dynamical systems arising from this result. In particular, we give a generalization of a result of Rørdam and Sierakowski.
Decision problems, complexity, traces, and representations
Authors: Lawton Sean , Louder Larsen , McReynolds D.B.
Published: April 2017

In this article, we study connections between representation theory and efficient solutions to the conjugacy problem on finitely generated groups. The main focus is on the conjugacy problem in conjugacy separable groups, where we measure efficiency in terms of the size of the quotients required to distinguish a distinct pair of conjugacy classes.
Biophysical effects on the interannual variation in carbon dioxide exchange of an alpine meadow on the Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Wang Lei , Liu Huizhi , Sun Jihua , Shao Yaping
Published: April 2017

Abstract. Eddy covariance measurements from 2012 to 2015 were used to investigate the interannual variation in carbon dioxide exchange and its control over an alpine meadow on the south-east margin of the Tibetan Plateau. The annual net ecosystem exchange (NEE) in the 4 years from 2012 to 2015 was −114.2, −158.5, −159.9 and −212.6 g C m−2 yr−1, and generally decreased with the mean annual air temperature (MAT). An exception occurred in 2014, which had the highest MAT. This was attributed to higher ecosystem respiration (RE) and similar gross primary production (GPP) in 2014 because the GPP increased with the MAT, but became saturated due to the limit in photosynthetic capacity. In the spring (March to May) of 2012, low air temperature (Ta) and drought events delayed grass germination and reduced GPP. In the late wet season (September to October) of 2012 and 2013, the low Ta in September and its negative effects on vegetation growth caused earlier grass senescence and significantly lower GPP. This indicates that the seasonal pattern of Ta has a substantial effect on the annual total GPP, which is consistent with results obtained using the homogeneity-of-slopes (HOS) model. The model results showed that the climatic seasonal variation explained 48.6 % of the GPP variability, while the percentages explained by climatic interannual variation and the ecosystem functional change were 9.7 and 10.6 %, respectively.
The Climatology of Australian Aerosol
Authors: Mitchell Ross M. , Forgan Bruce W. , Campbell Susan K.
Published: April 2017

Abstract. Airborne particles or aerosols have long been recognised for their major contribution to uncertainty in climate change. In addition, aerosol amounts must be known for accurate atmospheric correction of remotely sensed images, and are required to accurately gauge the available solar resource. However, despite great advances in surface networks and satellite retrievals over recent years, long-term continental-scale aerosol data sets are lacking. Here we present an aerosol assessment over Australia based on combined sun photometer measurements from the Bureau of Meteorology Radiation Network and CSIRO/AeroSpan. The measurements are continental in coverage, comprising 22 stations, and generally decadal in timescale, totalling 207 station-years. Monthly climatologies are given at all stations. Spectral decomposition shows that the time series can be represented as a weighted sum of sinusoids with periods of 12, 6 and 4 months, corresponding to the annual cycle and its second and third harmonics. Their relative amplitudes and phase relationships lead to sawtooth-like waveforms sharply rising to an austral spring peak, with a slower decline often including a secondary peak during the summer. The amplitude and phase of these periodic components show significant regional change across the continent. Fits based on this harmonic analysis are used to separate the periodic and episodic components of the aerosol time series. An exploratory classification of the aerosol types is undertaken based on (a) the relative periodic amplitudes of the Ångström exponent and aerosol optical depth, (b) the relative amplitudes of the 6- and 4-month harmonic components of the aerosol optical depth, and (c) the ratio of episodic to periodic variation in aerosol optical depth. It is shown that Australian aerosol can be broadly grouped into three classes: tropical, arid and temperate. Statistically significant decadal trends are found at 4 of the 22 stations. Despite the apparently small associated declining trends in mid-visible aerosol optical depth of between 0.001 and 0.002 per year, these trends are much larger than those projected to occur due to declining emissions of anthropogenic aerosols from the Northern Hemisphere. There is remarkable long-range coherence in the aerosol cycle across the continent, suggesting broadly similar source characteristics, including a possible role for intercontinental transport of biomass burning aerosol.
Direct molecular level characterization of different heterogeneous freezing modes on mica
Authors: Abdelmonem Ahmed
Published: April 2017

Abstract. The mechanisms behind heterogeneous ice nucleation are of fundamental importance to the prediction of the occurrence and properties of many cloud types, which influence climate and precipitation. Aerosol particles act as cloud condensation and freezing nuclei. The surface-water interaction of an ice nucleation particle plays a major, not well explored, role in its ice nucleation ability. This paper presents a real–time–molecular–level comparison of different freezing modes on the surface of an atmospherically relevant metal oxide surface (mica) under varying supersaturation conditions using second harmonic generation spectroscopy. Two sub-deposition nucleation modes were identified (one- and two-stage freezing). The nonlinear signal at water-mica interface was found to drop upon the formation of a thin film on the surface regardless of 1) the formed phase (liquid or ice) and 2) the freezing path (one- or two-step), indicating similar molecular structuring. The results also revealed a transient phase of ice at water-mica interfaces during freezing, which has a lifetime of around one minute. Such information will have a significant impact on climate change, weather modification, and tracing of water in hydrosphere studies.
De Long Trough: A newly discovered glacial trough on the East
Siberian Continental Margin
Authors: O'Regan Matt , Backman Jan , Barrientos Natalia , Cronin Thomas M. , Laura Gemery , Kirchner Nina , Mayer Larry A. , Nilsson Johan , Noormets Riko , Pearce Christof , Semilietov Igor , Stranne Christian , Jakobsson Martin
Published: April 2017

Abstract. Ice sheets extending over parts of the East Siberian continental shelf have been proposed during the last glacial period, and during the larger Pleistocene glaciations. The sparse data available over this sector of the Arctic Ocean has left the timing, extent and even existence of these ice sheets largely unresolved. Here we present new geophysical mapping and sediment coring data from the East Siberian shelf and slope collected during the 2014 SWERUS-C3 expedition (SWERUS-C3: Swedish – Russian – US Arctic Ocean Investigation of Climate-Cryosphere-Carbon Interactions). The multibeam bathymetry and chirp sub-bottom profiles reveal a set of glacial landforms that include grounding zone formations along the outer continental shelf, seaward of which lies a >65 m thick sequence of glaciogenic debris flows. The glacial landforms are interpreted to lie at the seaward end of a glacial trough – the first to be reported on the East Siberian margin, here referred to as the De Long Trough because of its location due north of the De Long Islands. Stratigraphy and dating of sediment cores show that a drape of acoustically laminated sediments covering the glacial deposits is older than ~50 cal. kyr BP. This provides direct evidence for extensive glacial activity on the Siberian shelf that pre-dates the Last Glacial Maximum and most likely occurred during the Saalian (Marine Isotope Stage [MIS] 6).
Two-dimensional prognostic experiments for fast-flowing ice streams from the Academy of Sciences Ice Cap
Authors: Konovalov Yuri V. , Nagornov Oleg V.
Published: April 2017

Abstract. Prognostic experiments for fast-flowing ice streams on the southern side of the Academy of Sciences Ice Cap on Komsomolets Island, Severnaya Zemlya archipelago, were undertaken in this study. The experiments were based on inversions of basal friction coefficients using a two-dimensional flow-line thermocoupled model and Tikhonov's regularization method. The modeled ice temperature distributions in the cross sections were obtained using ice surface temperature histories that were inverted previously from borehole temperature profiles derived at the summit of the Academy of Sciences Ice Cap and the elevational gradient of ice surface temperature changes (about 6.5 °C km−1). Input data included interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) ice surface velocities, ice surface elevations, and ice thicknesses obtained from airborne measurements, while the surface mass balance was adopted from previous investigations for the implementation of both the forward and inverse problems. The prognostic experiments revealed that both ice mass and ice stream extent declined for the reference time-independent surface mass balance. Specifically, the grounding line retreated: (a) along the B–B′ flow line from  ∼  40 to  ∼  30 km (the distance from the summit), (b) along the C–C′ flow line from  ∼  43 to  ∼  37 km, and (c) along the D–D′ flow line from  ∼  41 to  ∼  32 km, when considering a time period of 500 years and assuming a time-independent surface mass balance. Ice flow velocities in the ice streams decreased with time and this trend resulted in the overall decline of the outgoing ice flux. Generally, the modeled glacial evolution was in agreement with observations of deglaciation of the Severnaya Zemlya archipelago.
The Landlab v1.0 OverlandFlow component: a Python tool for computing shallow-water flow across watersheds
Authors: Adams Jordan M. , Gasparini Nicole M. , Hobley Daniel E. J. , Tucker Gregory E. , Hutton Eric W. H. , Nudurupati Sai S. , Istanbulluoglu Erkan
Published: April 2017

Abstract. Representation of flowing water in landscape evolution models (LEMs) is often simplified compared to hydrodynamic models, as LEMs make assumptions reducing physical complexity in favor of computational efficiency. The Landlab modeling framework can be used to bridge the divide between complex runoff models and more traditional LEMs, creating a new type of framework not commonly used in the geomorphology or hydrology communities. Landlab is a Python-language library that includes tools and process components that can be used to create models of Earth-surface dynamics over a range of temporal and spatial scales. The Landlab OverlandFlow component is based on a simplified inertial approximation of the shallow water equations, following the solution of de Almeida et al.(2012). This explicit two-dimensional hydrodynamic algorithm simulates a flood wave across a model domain, where water discharge and flow depth are calculated at all locations within a structured (raster) grid. Here, we illustrate how the OverlandFlow component contained within Landlab can be applied as a simplified event-based runoff model and how to couple the runoff model with an incision model operating on decadal timescales. Examples of flow routing on both real and synthetic landscapes are shown. Hydrographs from a single storm at multiple locations in the Spring Creek watershed, Colorado, USA, are illustrated, along with a map of shear stress applied on the land surface by flowing water. The OverlandFlow component can also be coupled with the Landlab DetachmentLtdErosion component to illustrate how the non-steady flow routing regime impacts incision across a watershed. The hydrograph and incision results are compared to simulations driven by steady-state runoff. Results from the coupled runoff and incision model indicate that runoff dynamics can impact landscape relief and channel concavity, suggesting that, on landscape evolution timescales, the OverlandFlow model may lead to differences in simulated topography in comparison with traditional methods. The exploratory test cases described within demonstrate how the OverlandFlow component can be used in both hydrologic and geomorphic applications.
Investigating soil moisture–climate interactions with prescribed soil moisture experiments: an assessment with the Community Earth System Model (version 1.2)
Authors: Hauser Mathias , Orth René , Seneviratne Sonia I.
Published: April 2017

Abstract. Land surface hydrology is an important control of surface weather and climate. A valuable technique to investigate this link is the prescription of soil moisture in land surface models, which leads to a decoupling of the atmosphere and land processes. Diverse approaches to prescribe soil moisture, as well as different prescribed soil moisture conditions have been used in previous studies. Here, we compare and assess four methodologies to prescribe soil moisture and investigate the impact of two different estimates of the climatological seasonal cycle used to prescribe soil moisture. Our analysis shows that, though in appearance similar, the different approaches require substantially different long-term moisture inputs and lead to different temperature signals. The smallest influence on temperature and the water balance is found when prescribing the median seasonal cycle of deep soil liquid water, whereas the strongest signal is found when prescribing soil liquid and soil ice using the mean seasonal cycle. These results indicate that induced net water-balance perturbations in experiments investigating soil moisture–climate coupling are important contributors to the climate response, in addition to the intended impact of the decoupling. These results help to guide the set-up of future experiments prescribing soil moisture, as for instance planned within the Land Surface, Snow and Soil Moisture Model Intercomparison Project (LS3MIP).
The impacts of data constraints on the predictive performance of a general process-based crop model (PeakN-crop v1.0)
Authors: Caldararu Silvia , Purves Drew W. , Smith Matthew J.
Published: April 2017

Abstract. Improving international food security under a changing climate and increasing human population will be greatly aided by improving our ability to modify, understand and predict crop growth. What we predominantly have at our disposal are either process-based models of crop physiology or statistical analyses of yield datasets, both of which suffer from various sources of error. In this paper, we present a generic process-based crop model (PeakN-crop v1.0) which we parametrise using a Bayesian model-fitting algorithm to three different sources: data–space-based vegetation indices, eddy covariance productivity measurements and regional crop yields. We show that the model parametrised without data, based on prior knowledge of the parameters, can largely capture the observed behaviour but the data-constrained model greatly improves both the model fit and reduces prediction uncertainty. We investigate the extent to which each dataset contributes to the model performance and show that while all data improve on the prior model fit, the satellite-based data and crop yield estimates are particularly important for reducing model error and uncertainty. Despite these improvements, we conclude that there are still significant knowledge gaps, in terms of available data for model parametrisation, but our study can help indicate the necessary data collection to improve our predictions of crop yields and crop responses to environmental changes.
Impact of climate change on hydrological conditions in a tropical West African catchment using an ensemble of climate simulations
Authors: Yira Yacouba , Diekkrüger Bernd , Steup Gero , Bossa Aymar Yaovi
Published: April 2017

Abstract. This study evaluates climate change impacts on water resources using an ensemble of six regional climate models (RCMs)–global climate models (GCMs) in the Dano catchment (Burkina Faso). The applied climate datasets were performed in the framework of the COordinated Regional climate Downscaling Experiment (CORDEX-Africa) project.After evaluation of the historical runs of the climate models' ensemble, a statistical bias correction (empirical quantile mapping) was applied to daily precipitation. Temperature and bias corrected precipitation data from the ensemble of RCMs–GCMs was then used as input for the Water flow and balance Simulation Model (WaSiM) to simulate water balance components.The mean hydrological and climate variables for two periods (1971–2000 and 2021–2050) were compared to assess the potential impact of climate change on water resources up to the middle of the 21st century under two greenhouse gas concentration scenarios, the Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) 4.5 and 8.5. The results indicate (i) a clear signal of temperature increase of about 0.1 to 2.6 °C for all members of the RCM–GCM ensemble; (ii) high uncertainty about how the catchment precipitation will evolve over the period 2021–2050; (iii) the applied bias correction method only affected the magnitude of the climate change signal; (iv) individual climate models results lead to opposite discharge change signals; and (v) the results for the RCM–GCM ensemble are too uncertain to give any clear direction for future hydrological development. Therefore, potential increase and decrease in future discharge have to be considered in climate change adaptation strategies in the catchment. The results further underline on the one hand the need for a larger ensemble of projections to properly estimate the impacts of climate change on water resources in the catchment and on the other hand the high uncertainty associated with climate projections for the West African region. A water-energy budget analysis provides further insight into the behavior of the catchment.
The contextual factors that influence the adoption of Electronic Theses and Dissertations (ETD) programme in the Arab Gulf universities
Authors: Al Salmi Jamal
Published: April 2017

The Electronic Theses and Dissertations (ETD) initiative came into being after the developmentof electronic publishing on the internet and the technological platforms and software that
support it (Reeves, Hagen & Jewell, 2006). The idea of ETD submission was first mentioned in 1987
by Universal Microfilms Inc (UMI) in the United States. Twenty years later, many institutions have
adopted this initiative. The Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (NDLTD) was
established in 1996 with a mission to coordinate ETD-related activities and support the adoption
and implementation of the ETD initiative (Allard, 2003; Suleman et al., 2001). In 2006, NDLTD had
more than 233 members from all over the world (Reeves et al., 2006). These included institutional,
consortial and individual members.

More and more academic institutions have started to adopt and develop ETD programmes
all over the world. The rapid adoption and development of these programmes is influenced by
many factors. This paper discusses the contextual factors that have been found to influence the
adoption of ETD programs in the Arab Gulf States.