bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of A-PRF Application on Palatal Wound Healing after Free Gingival Graft Harvesting: A Prospective Randomized Study
Authors: Sousa Filipa , Machado Vanessa , Botelho João , Proença Luís , João Mendes José , Alves Ricardo
Published: February 2019

This study aimed to investigate the healing effect of advanced platelet-rich fibrin (A-PRF) clot membranes in the reduction of palatal wounds resulting from free gingival graft (FGG) harvesting, in the re-epithelization rate and in the pain experience after surgery. Twenty-five patients requiring soft tissue augmentation (gingival recession coverage or keratinized gingiva augmentation) participated in this prospective randomized clinical study. After FGG harvesting, the test group (n=14) received A-PRF clot membranes at the palatal wound and the control group (n=11) a gelatin sponge. Epithelialization rate of the palatal wound, wound healing area, correspondent percentage of reduction and post-surgical pain experience were assessed. The follow-up period was 90 days. There was a significantly higher reduction of the palatal wound area in the A-PRF group vs. the control group, at 7 (p<0.001), 14 (p=0.009) and 30 days (p<0.001) follow-up. The maximum difference between groups was attained at 30 days (91.5% for A-PRF vs. 59.0% for the control group). At 14 days a significant difference in the proportion of patients showing total epithelization was found: 64.3% for A-PRF vs. 9.1% for the control group (p=0.012). At 90 days, both groups showed total recovery. Overall, the control group experienced a higher level of pain and discomfort until the 14th day, being significantly higher on the second day (p=0.013). The results suggest that A-PRF membranes haste the healing process by promoting a greater reduction along the recovery period and an apparent less painful postoperative period.
Impact of Polypharmacy on Candidate Biomarker miRNomes for the Diagnosis of Fibromyalgia and Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: Striking back on Treatments
Authors: Almenar-Pérez Eloy , Sánchez-Fito Teresa , Ovejero Tamara , Nathanson Lubov , Oltra Elisa
Published: February 2019

Fibromyalgia (FM) and Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) are diseases of unknown etiology presenting complex and often overlapping symptomatology. Despite promising advances on the study of miRNomes of these diseases, no validated molecular diagnostic biomarker yet exists. Since FM and ME/CFS patient treatments commonly include polypharmacy it is of concern that biomarker miRNAs are masked by drug interactions. Aiming at discriminating between drug-effects and true disease-associated differential miRNA expression, we evaluated the potential impact of commonly prescribed drugs on disease miRNomes, as reported by the literature. By using the web search tools SM2miR, Pharmaco-miR and repoDB, we found a list of commonly prescribed drugs that impact on FM and ME/CFS miRNomes and therefore could be interfering in the process of biomarker discovery. On another end, disease-associated miRNomes may incline patient´s response to treatment and toxicity. Here, we explored treatments for diseases in general that could be affected by FM and ME/CFS miRNomes finding a long list of them, including treatments for lymphoma, a type of cancer affecting ME/CFS patients at a higher rate than healthy population. We conclude that FM and ME/CFS miRNomes could help refine pharmacogenomic/pharmacoepigenomic analysis to elevate future personalized medicine and precision medicine programs in the clinic.
Fine-Tuning Multilevel Modeling of Risk Factors Associated with Nonsurgical Periodontal Treatment Outcome
Authors: Botelho João , Machado Vanessa , Mascarenhas Paulo , Alves Ricardo , Alzira Cavacas Maria , João Mendes José
Published: February 2019

This retrospective study aimed to investigate the effect of known risk factors on nonsurgical periodontal treatment (NSPT) response using a pocket depth fine-tuning multilevel linear model (MLM). Thirty-seven patients (24 males and 13 females) with moderate to severe chronic periodontitis were treated with nonsurgical periodontal therapy. Follow-up visits at 3, 6, and 12 months included measurement of several clinical periodontal parameters. Data were extracted from a database system. Probing depth (PD) and Clinical Attachment Loss (CAL) reductions after NSPT in an overall of 1416 initially affected sites (baseline PD ≥ 4 mm), distributed on 536 teeth, were analyzed against known risk factors at three hierarchical levels (patient, tooth and site). The variance component models fitted to assess the three-level variance of PD and CAL decrease for each post-treatment follow-up showed that all levels contributed significantly to the overall variance (P < 0.001). Patients that underwent NSPT and were continually monitored had very curative results. All three hierarchical levels included risk factors who had impact on the to influence the magnitude of PD and CAL reduction. Specifically, the tooth’s type, surfaces involved and teeth mobility site-level risk factors showed the highest influence on these reductions, being highly relevant factors for the NSPT success.
Commercially Available Essential Oils Formulas as a Repellents of Common Stored Products Pest Alphitobius diaperinus
Authors: Francikowski Jacek , Baran Bartosz , Cup Mikołaj , Janiec Jakub , Krzyżowski Michał
Published: February 2019

The main scope of the presented paper is an assessment of the potential repellent effect of selected essential oils (EOs) against Alphitobius diaperinus, which can cause economic losses in storages and poultry industry. Due to development of pesticide resistance in A. diaperinus populations, as well as an attempt to limit extensive usage of potentially harmful pesticides in food-related industries, there is a strong need for development of alternative methods of management of A. diaperinus infestations. Because of cost-effectiveness, availability and low vertebrate toxicity EOs are promising agents in pest management. In presented paper four of-the-shelf EOs: mint, vanilla, lemon and citronella (and their mixtures) were tested as a potential repellents. Moreover, novel preference assay providing an extended analysis of preference and the locomotor response was used. The most effective EOs were, respectively: citronella and lemon. EOs mixtures were generally more repellent than single EOs, with lemon and vanilla 1:1 mixture acting as the strongest repellent. Few of tested EOs caused significant alterations in locomotor activity, although direct relation wasn’t observed. In conclusion, EOs can be potentially used as a repellent agents in A. diaperinus management. Additionally, data on locomotor activity may lead to better design of pull-push strategies in pest management.
Mitochondrial Impairment Induced by Sub-Chronic Exposure to Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Visalli Giuseppa , Facciolà Alessio , Currò Monica , Laganà Pasqualina , La Fauci Vincenza , Iannazzo Daniela , Pistone Alessandro , Di Pietro Angela
Published: February 2019

Human exposure to carbon nanotubes (CNTs) can cause health issues due to their chemical–physical features and biological interactions. These nanostructures cause oxidative stress, also due to endogenous ROS production, which increases following mitochondrial impairment. The aim of this in vitro study was to assess the health effects, due to mitochondrial dysfunction, caused by a sub-chronic exposure to a non-acutely toxic dose of multi walled CNTs (raw and functionalised). The A549 cells were exposed to MWCNTs (2 µg mL-1) for 36 days. Periodically, cellular dehydrogenases, pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1 (PDK1), cytochrome c release, permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening, transmembrane potential (Δψ m), apoptotic cells, and intracellular ROS were measured. The results, compared to untreated cells and to positive control formed by cells treated with MWCNTs (20 µg mL-1), highlighted the efficiency of homeostasis to counteract ROS overproduction, but a restitutio ad integrum of mitochondrial functionality was not observed. Despite the tendency to restore, the mitochondrial impairment persisted. Overall, the results underlined the tissue damage that can arise following sub-chronic exposure to MWCNTs.
Frequency of CYP3A5 Genetic Polymorphisms and Tacrolimus Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Liver Transplantation
Authors: Buendía Jefferson Antonio , Halac Esteban , Bosaleh Andrea , Garcia de Davila María Teresa , Invertasa Oscar , Bramuglia Guillermo
Published: February 2019

The body of evidence available in paediatrics population is limited for making clinical decisions regarding pharmacotherapy optimization of tacrolimus. The objective of this study was to estimate the frequency of CYP3A5 genetic polymorphisms and their relationship with tacrolimus requirements in paediatric population. This was a longitudinal cohort study, with two-year follow-up of 77 patients under 18 who had liver transplant over the period 2009-2012 at the Paediatric Hospital J. P Garrahan. Tacrolimus levels from day 5 to 2-year post-transplant were obtained from hospital records of routine therapeutic drug monitoring. The genotyping of CYP3A5 (CYP3A5*1/*3 or *3/*3) were performed in liver biopsies of both the donor and the recipient. Recipients frequency of CYP3A5 *1 expression was 37.1% and 32.2% for Donors. Patient who received an organ expresser showed lower Co/dose especially after 90 days post-surgery. The role of each polymorphism is different according to days after transplantation proceeds and it must be taken into account to optimize the benefits of TAC therapy during the post-transplant induction and maintenance phase.
Allocating Exclusive and Intermittent Bus Lanes in Dynamic Traffic Networks
Authors: Liu Haiyang , Wang Jian , Ma Xiaolong
Published: February 2019

The urban transportation network design problem involving exclusive bus lanes (XBLs) has been widely discussed and analyzed in recent years. An improved and more flexible transit lane management strategy—intermittent bus lanes (IBLs)—prove to be potentially more efficient and car-friendly than XBLs. The common benefit of XBLs and IBLs arises from the fact that they separate the bus and car traffic and hence can eliminate the impacts of slowly moving buses on the car traffic. This paper proposes a cell transmission model for separate car and bus traffic (CTM-SCB) in a network with some dedicated roadway segments reserved for buses. By encapsulating the CTM-SCB model, an XBL-based network design problem and an IBL-based network design problem are then formulated and solved, respectively, where the former model statically sets bus lanes while the later one allows a dynamic allocation of bus lanes. A synthetic freeway-arterial network and a real-world urban street network (where the latter was extracted from the Harbin South New Industrial City) are used as test networks for evaluating the proposed models and methods. The numerical results show that both XBLs and IBLs enjoy significant operational efficiency benefits compared to the situation of no protected bus lanes. However, we believe that the expected improvement from XBLs to IBLs need further tests and validations.
Deforestation, Climate Change and Food Security Nexus in Sub-Sahara Africa: Content Analysis
Authors: Bamwesigye Dastan , Hlavackova Petra , Darkwah Samuel Antwi , Verter Nahanga
Published: February 2019

Like the rest of the globe, Forests in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) continue to play a vital role when it comes to food security from the perspective of forest function of climate regulation, water provision, and soil protection. Nevertheless, most of the recent deforestation practices in various countries indicate that the region could face severe food insecurity in the near future since there are already signs of shortage in food production. This study, therefore, examines deforestation, climate change, and food security nexus in SSA while exploring a wide range of examples of food insecurity in the region. Content analysis and a synthetic literature study were conducted using data from scientific data banks. The study links deforestation, climate change to food security while citing examples from various SSA countries such as Cameroon, Nigeria, Kenya to mention but a few. More so, the study investigates how deforestation contributes to climate change, and how such change directly affects agricultural output and hence food security. Lastly, the study discusses the various implication of deforestation in relation to food security.
Climate Variability and Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever in Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Tang Sandra Choi Ning , Rusli Musofa , Lestari Pudji
Published: February 2019

Dengue hemorrhagic fever is an arboviral infectious disease that has occurred frequently as an extraordinary event due to its fast spread and lethal potential in Indonesia. The vector Aedes aegypti is sensitive to climate variability. This study determines the relationship between climate variability and dengue hemorrhagic fever in Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia from 2009 to 2017. This study used the monthly dengue hemorrhagic fever incidence obtained from the Surabaya Health Office and the monthly climate variability parameters (average temperature, rainfall, humidity) obtained from the Indonesian Agency for Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics and website www.worldweatheronline.com. Data analysis was done using One-Sample Kolmogorov Smirnov Test and Spearman non-parametric correlation test. The results showed a correlation between all three climate variability parameters with dengue hemorrhagic fever incidence (average temperature p<0.05, r=-0.603; rainfall p<0.05, r=0.407; humidity p<0.05, r=0.7). Average temperature is negatively correlated to dengue hemorrhagic fever incidence, while rainfall and humidity are positively correlated to dengue hemorrhagic fever incidence. This study shows preliminary evidence on the correlation of climate variability and dengue hemorrhagic fever in Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia.
Transit verus Nature. Value Depreciation of Road Alleys. Case study: Gamerki-Jonkowo, Poland
Authors: Suchocka Marzena , Błaszczyk Magdalena , Juźwiak Adam , Duriasz Joanna , Bohdan Adam , Stolarczyk Jerzy
Published: February 2019

Road alleys, especially on areas of Warmia (north-east Poland), are multifunctional features in open landscapes. They serve as ecological corridors connecting habitats and play an important role in sustaining ecological stability. However, multiple road authorities claim that tree-lined routes are a threat for traffic safety and therefore should be removed. The aspect of safety seems to be crucial to them, significantly overwhelming alley benefits. The vitality problems of the trees (which are mainly mature and aging) deliver arguments to cutting them down. The aim of this paper is examination of environmental and natural value of the road alleys (based on a 14 km long-distance of the Gamerki – Jonkowo road), and verification of the degree of hazard posed by trees designated for cutting because of safety reasons. The six-examination framework for the research was developed. Tree risk assessment and vitality evaluation, pulling tests, examination of protected beetle species - hermit beetle, the lichens species, and examination of bat fauna were performed. The results revealed no trees in the resignation phase and confirmed that the alley is a unique natural and landscape habitat with protected species of lichens, a few bats species and valuable insect species, among others hermit beetle (Osmoderma barnabita) existing there. The environmental value of the alley is, therefore, hard to overestimate and cannot be perceived only as a component of the road infrastructure. The maintenance of the trees seems to be essential when taking into account environmental stability of the region.
PENGARUH GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN TRANSAKSIONAL DAN TRANSFORMASIONAL, MOTIVASI SERTA KOMPETENSI TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN PT. SANJAYATAMA LESTARI
Authors: Oktora Jublina , Rizan Mohamad , Situngkir Sihol
Published: February 2019

Abstrak: Dalam penelitian ini tujuannya adalah untuk melakukan pengujian secara sistematis Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan Transaksional Dan Transformasional, Motivasi Serta Kompetensi Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan PT. Sanjayatama Lestari. Sampel yang digunakan adalah karyawan PT. Sanjayatama Lestari dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 95 orang. Analisis yang digunakan adalah regresi linear berganda. Penelitian ini menguji 5 variabel yaitu Gaya Kepemimpinan Transaksional (X1), Gaya Kepemimpinan Transformasional (X2), Motivasi (X3) dan Kompetensi (X4) sebagai variabel bebas dan kinerja (Y) sebagai variabel terikat. Pengujian secara parsial menunjukkan bahwa gaya kepemimpinan transaksional berpengaruh sebesar 3,876 (positif dan signifikan) terhadap kinerja. Gaya kepemimpinan transformasional juga berpengaruh secara signifikan sebesar 3,128. Selanjutnya, motivasi juga mempunyai pengaruh secara signifikan sebesar 4,210 dan yang terakhir yaitu kompetensi berpengaruh secara signifikan sebesar 6,283.

 

Kata Kunci: Gaya kepemimpinan transaksional, gaya kepemimpinan transformasional, motivasi, kompetensi, kinerja dan regresi linear berganda.
PENGARUH FAKTOR EKONOMI MAKRO, STRATEGI PERLUASAN MARKET SHARE DAN KARAKTERISTIK BANK TERHADAP PROFITABILITAS PT. BANK PEMBANGUNAN DAERAH JAWA BARAT DAN BANTEN, TBK
Authors: Andriansyah Novi , Rizan Mohamad , Wiralaga Harya Kuncara
Published: February 2019

Abstrak : Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menguji pengaruh faktor ekonomi makro yang diproksi dengan tingkat inflasi dan pertumbuhan GDP, strategi perluasan market share yang diukur dengan penambahan jaringan kantor untuk meningkatkan penghimpunan Dana Pihak Ketiga (DPK) dan penyaluran kredit serta karakteristik bank yang diukur dengan LDR, CAR, NPL, BOPO, SIZE terhadap Profitabilitas yang diproksi dengan Return On Asset (ROA) Bank BJB. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini diperoleh dari Laporan Keuangan publikasi Bank BJB selama periode triwulan I tahun 2005 sampai dengan triwulan IV tahun 2013, serta laporan publikasi Statistik Perbankan Indonesia melalui website. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis regresi linier berganda dimana sebelumnya data telah diuji dengan pengujian asumsi klasik yang meliputi uji normalitas, uji heteroskedastisitas, uji autokorelasi dan uji multikolinieritas. Selama periode penelitian menunjukan bahwa data penelitian berdistribusi normal. Kemudian berdasarkan hasil uji normalitas, uji heteroskedastisitas, uji autokorelasi dan uji multikolinieritas tidak ditemukan variabel yang menyimpang dari asumsi klasik. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa data yang tersedia telah memenuhi syarat untuk menggunakan model persamaan regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa variabel tingkat inflasi dan pertumbuhan GDP tidak menunjukkan pengaruh signifikan terhadap profitabilitas (ROA) Bank BJB. Begitu juga dengan variabel market share, LDR, CAR, NPL, maupun Size tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap profitabilitas (ROA) Bank BJB. Sedangkan variabel BOPO berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap profitabilitas (ROA) Bank BJB. Nilai koefisien determinasi (R2 adjusted) sebesar 0.6798 artinya bahwa variasi variabel-variabel eksogen/ independen mampu menjelaskan profitabilitas (ROA) sebesar 67.98 persen, sisanya oleh variabel lain di luar model.

Kata kunci : Faktor Ekonomi Makro, Market Share, Karakteristik Bank, Profitabilitas, Regresi Linier Berganda.
Pengaruh Mekanisme Good Corporate Governance, Debt to Equity Ratio, Asset Growth terhadap Kinerja Perusahaan
Authors: Mirawati Kartika Mirawati Tika , Wulansari Meina
Published: February 2019

This study aims to determine the effect of the mechanism of Good Corporate Governance, DER, Asset Growth on company performance (empirical studies on mining companies listed on the Indonesia, Thailand, Malaysia Stock Exchange period 2010-2017). This research is a quantitative research which aims to systematically explained about the facts and properties in an object in the study then merged between variables related to it by presenting secondary data from financial reports from mining companies in the countries of Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand. The population used in this study were mining companies listed on the Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand Stock Exchanges in the period 2013 to 2017. The samples used in this study were 15 mining companies in the countries of Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand by using the Purpose Method. Sampling the objectives for obtaining a representative sample that matches the criteria that have been confirmed. In this study, the data analysis method used is the data panel (pooled data) which is a combination of time series data and data between individuals or cross sections in mining companies in Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand. Research Results for mining companies in Indonesia The R square value of this model is 0.732 percent, meaning that the variation of the profit company's performance can be explained by the independent variables analyzed, namely the mechanism of Good Corporate Governance, DER, the remaining Asset Growth percent of 73.20 the remaining 26.80 percent is explained by other factors not included in this study. Furthermore, the R square value of this model of 0.731 percent means that the variation of the company's profit performance can be explained by the independent variables analyzed, namely the mechanism of Good Corporate Governance, DER, the remaining percent Asset Growth of 73.10 the remaining 26.90 percent is explained by other factors not included in this research .. and thailand country The R square value of this model is 0.849 percent which means that the variation of profit that can be explained by the independent variables analyzed are NIM, BOPO, CAR and NPL of 84.90 percent of the remaining 15.10 percent is explained by other factors that do not included in this study.
DEFANSİF TIP UYGULAMALARINA YÖNELİK BİR DERLEME
Authors: YEŞİLTAŞ Aysun , ERDEM Ramazan
Published: February 2019

Defansif uygulamalar, hekimlerin kendilerini korumak için gösterdikleri kaçınma davranışlarıdır. Bu uygulamaların dünyada olduğu gibi Türkiye’de de hekimler tarafından yaygın olarak uygulandığı görülmektedir Bu çalışmada defansif tıp uygulamalarının nedenleri ve yaygınlığına ilişkin değerlendirme yapmak amaçlanmıştır. Defansif uygulamalar kaçınma davranışı olarak değerlendirilen negatif defansif tıp ve daha çok girişime yönlenilen pozitif defansif tıp olma üzere iki başlık altında toplanmaktadır. Her iki uygulamada da hekimleri defansif tıbba yönlendiren nedenler bulunmaktadır. Bunlar hasta-hekim iletişimi, medyanın etkisi, şiddet, hekimlerin iş yükünün artması,  malpraktis davaları, sağlık sistemi, mesleki deneyimin az olması, şikâyet edilme korkusu olarak sıralanmaktır. Sonuç olarak defansif uygulamalar, hekimler ve hastalar açısından olumsuz durumlara sebep olmaktadır. Zira sağlık hizmetlerinin etkili sunumunun sağlanması için hekimleri bu uygulamalara yönelten sebeplerin irdelenmesi, sorunların çözümlenmesi gerekmektedir. Dolayısıyla defansif tıbbı önlemek için başta yöneticiler olmak üzere sağlık çalışanları ile birlikte çözümler aranmalıdır.
DEFANSİF TIBBIN NEDENLERİNİN HEKİM GÖZÜYLE DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: TORAMAN Aynur , ÇARIKÇI İlker Hüseyin
Published: February 2019

Son zamanlarda sağlık sektöründe karşımızı çıkan en önemli problemlerden biri olan defansif tıp, hekimlerin malpraktis davalarından kendilerini korumak ve riskli işlemlerden kaçınmak olarak sergilemiş olduğu davranışları ifade etmektedir. Defansif tıp uygulamaları, hekimleri, hasta ve yakınlarını olumsuz etkilemekle kalmamakta aynı zamanda sistemleri de olumsuz yönde etkilemektedir. Bu bağlamda araştırmanın amacı doğrultusunda hekimleri defansif tıbba iten nedenler hakkında bilgi edinmek üzere 23 öğretim üyesi hekim ile görüşülmüştür. Nitel bir araştırma olan bu çalışma fenomenoloji deseni ile dizayn edilmiş ve amaçlı örneklem yönteminden ölçüt örnekleme tipi kullanılarak tasarlanmıştır. Araştırmada elde edilen veriler betimsel ve içerik analiz yöntemleriyle analiz edilmiştir. Verilerin analizinde, nitel veri analiz programı NVivo 11 Pro kullanılmıştır.  Hekimlerin malpraktis davaları başta olmak üzere hasta şikayetleri, sağlık politikaları, performans sistemi ve hekime karşı şiddet gibi birçok sebepten dolayı defans yaptıkları belirlenmiştir.
TURİST REHBERLİĞİ MESLEĞİNDE ROBOT REHBERLERİN YÜKSELİŞİ
Authors: YILDIZ Savaş
Published: February 2019

Eski çağlardan bu yana gerçekleştirilmiş olan keşif ve icatlar bugün sahip olduğumuz teknolojiye kaynaklık ederken, bugün sahip olduğumuz teknoloji ise gelecekte yaşanacak olan teknolojik gelişmelere kaynaklık edecektir. Yapay zekâ, robot teknolojileri ve yazılım alanındaki gelişmeler imalat, ticaret ve hizmet sektöründeki birçok meslekte etkisini göstermekte ve özellikle hizmet sektöründe robot öğretmen, dijital hemşire, robot resepsiyon görevlisi gibi yeni kavramların ortaya çıkmasına zemin hazırlamaktadır. İnsan ilişkilerinin ön planda olduğu bir hizmet sektörlerinden bir de turizm sektörüdür. Turizmin sektörünün alt meslek dallarından olan turist rehberliği mesleği de teknoloji alanında yaşanan gelişmelerden payına düşeni almaktadır. Teknoloji alanında yaşanan gelişmeler neticesinde günümüzde robot turist rehberleri dünyanın çeşitli ülkelerinde müze ve sergi salonlarında rehberlik hizmeti vermektedir. Geniş kapsamlı literatür taramasına dayanan bu çalışmada, insan ilişkilerinin ön planda olduğu turist rehberliği mesleğinde robot turist rehberlerinin bugünkü ve gelecekteki muhtemel rolü belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Robot turist rehberlerinin zaman içindeki gelişiminin yanı sıra robot teknolojilerinde yaşanan gelişmeler dikkate alındığında orta veya uzun vadede robot rehberlerin açık alanlarda da rehberlik hizmeti veremeye başlayacakları öngörülmüştür.
YÖNETİM LİTERATÜRÜNDE STEREOTİP (KALIPYARGI) KAVRAMI: ULUSAL VE ULUSLARARASI ALANDAKİ YÖNETİM ARAŞTIRMALARI ÜZERİNE BİR İNCELEME
Authors: LİMON Selda , ORAL KARA Nurdan , ANTALYALI Ömer Lütfi
Published: February 2019

Araştırma, sosyal psikoloji alanında uzun zamandır tartışılan stereotip kavramının yönetim alanında yapılan araştırmalardaki yerini açıklamayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, stereotip kavramının tanımı yapıldıktan sonra, kavramın tarihsel gelişim sürecinden, kuramsal alt yapısından, kavramı ölçme yöntemlerinden bahsedilerek yönetim literatüründeki yeriyle ilgili genel bir değerlendirme yapılacaktır. Stereotiplerin karmaşık dünyanın mantıklı bir şekilde okunmasına olanak tanıyan aygıtlar olarak görülmesi, insan ilişkilerinde temel bir vazifesinin olması konunun yönetim alanında da tartışılmaya başlanmasının haklı gerekçesi olduğu savunulabilir. İnsan ilişkilerinin yoğun bir şekilde yaşandığı işletmelerde, yönetim araştırmalarında sıklıkla vurgu yapılan kavramların (memnuniyet, güven, bağlılık, tükenmişlik, çatışma vb.) temelinde stereotiplerin yer aldığı ve işletmelerde sosyal etkileşimin pürüzsüz ve kolay bir şekilde ilerlemesine yardımcı olarak sosyal açıdan pragmatik bir işleve sahip oldukları düşünülmektedir. Araştırma sonucunda, stereotip kavramına dikkat çekilerek yönetim literatüründe yeni tartışmalar yapılabilmesi için farkındalık oluşturulması beklenmektedir. İşletme yöneticileri için çalışanlarının bilişsel yapılarını anlamalarına ve bu bilişsel yapıların davranışlara ve dolayısıyla iş ilişkilerine nasıl yansıdığını görmelerine olanak sağlayacaktır.
ÖRGÜTSEL BAĞLILIK VE PERSONEL GÜÇLENDİRME İLİŞKİSİ: KARAMAN İLİ MERKEZİNDE BİR KAMU SEKTÖRÜNDE ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: OKTAY Ercan , ÇELEBİ Muhammet Ali
Published: February 2019

Güçlendirme çalışanların işlerini anlamlandırmaları, yetenekleri ve yetkinliklerinin farkına varması ve diğer çalışanları etkileme süreci olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Örgütsel bağlılık, çalışanın örgüte duygusal olarak katılımını vurgulayan, örgütten ayrılma niyetini azaltan ve örgütte çalışmaya devam etmesini sağlayan tutum ve davranışları içermektedir. Bu çalışmada, çalışanların örgütsel bağlılık düzeylerinin tespitinde personel güçlendirmenin öneminin ortaya konması amaçlanmaktadır. Çalışmada, personel güçlendirme bileşenlerinin, örgütsel bağlılık bileşenleri üzerindeki etkisi yapılan araştırma ile desteklenmektedir. Çalışmanın örneklemini Karaman’da bir kamu kurumunda çalışan 100 kişi oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada katılımcılardan anket yöntemiyle veri toplanmış ve analiz edilmiştir. Verilerden elde edilen sonuca göre, katılımcıların personel güçlendirme algıları ile bağlılık düzeyleri yüksek çıkmıştır. Güçlendirme boyutlarından anlam, yetkinlik ve etki düzeyi ile duygusal bağlılık arasında anlamlı ilişkiler tespit edilirken yetenek düzeyinde ilişki tespit edilememiştir. Güçlendirme ile devamlılık bağlılığı arasında bir ilişki bulunamazken normatif bağlılık üzerinde sadece yetkinlik boyutunun ilişkisi olduğu, ortaya çıkarılmışt﻿ır. Katılımcıların bağlılık alt boyutlarına ilişkin görüşlerinin cinsiyete göre değişmediği ama medeni durum değişkenine göre duygusal ve normatif bağlılık düzeylerinin değiştiği görülmüştür.
The efficacy and safety of Sipjeondaebo-tang in Korean patients with cold hypersensitivity in the hands and feet: A protocol for a pilot, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group clinical trial
Authors: Ko Youme , Sun Seung-Ho , Han In-Sik , Go Ho-Yeon , Kim Tae-Hun , Lee Jin-Moo , Jang Jun-Bok , Park Kyoung Sun , Song Yun-Kyung , Lee Kyou-Young , Jeon Chan-Yong , Ko Seong-Gyu
Published: February 2019

Background

Cold hypersensitivity in the hands and feet (CHHF) is frequent in Asian countries including Korea. The quality of life can be degraded by the symptoms of CHHF. In particular, gynecological disorders such as menstrual pain, infertility, leucorrhea, and irregular bleeding may be related to CHHF. Sipjeondaebo-tang(SDT) is widely used in the treatment of various diseases including CHHF by balancing Yin and Yang, restoring the deterioration of physiological function, and improving immunity. However, the efficacy of SDT in the treatment of CHHF has not been assessed in clinical trials. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the feasibility of a full randomized clinical trial of SDT for the treatment of CHHF in Korean women through this trial.

Methods

This study will be a pilot, randomized, double-blind, two-arm, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, multicenter clinical trial. Women aged 19-59 years who present with CHHF will be recruited from five university hospitals. A total of 60 subjects will be randomly assigned to a treatment group (SDT) or a placebo group at a 1:1 ratio. The subjects will receive 3 g of either SDT or placebo three times daily for 8 weeks. The primary outcome measures will be the Visual Analogue Scale scores of CHHF. The secondary outcome measures will be changes in body temperature in both the hands and the feet as measured by using a thermometer and the Korean version of the World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale Abbreviated Version.

Discussion

This will be the first trial to investigate the efficacy and safety of SDT in the treatment of CHHF. This study will provide basic clinical information regarding Korean herbal medicine treatment of CHHF and a clinical basis for designing a full randomized clinical trial.
The role of inflammatory cytokines in dry eye in type 2 diabetic patients
Authors: Cui Hong , Li Zheng-ri , Ren Ning , Sun Li-xia , Li Ying-jun
Published: February 2019

Background

The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between the ocular surface characteristics and the levels of tear and conjunctiva inflammatory cytokines.

Methods

This study enrolled 102 diabetes patients with dry eye (DE) and 117 volunteers. All enrolled subjects were tested in the following sequence: Ocular surface disease index (OSDI) was self-answered and ocular surface characteristics including Schirmer I test (SIt), tear-film breakup time (BUT), and corneal fluorecein staining (CFS) were evaluated. Levels of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), and interleukin-17 (IL-17) were measured in the conjunctiva using a multiplex immunobead assay. Periodicacid-Schiff (PAS) staining, immunohistochemistry, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and flow cytometry were also performed. Spearman correlations between cytokines and ocular surface parameters were calculate.

Results

The ELISA results showed that the levels of IL-lβ and TNF-α in the DE patients with diabetes group were significantly higher than those in the normal group (P < 0.001 and P = 0.023). The immunohistochemical staining results and western-blot results showed that the expression levels of TGF-β1 and NF-κB in the conjunctiva in the diabetes mellitus group were significantly increased compared to those in the normal group. The flow cytometric results showed that the expression levels of CCR6 and IL-17 were significantly increased in diabetes mellitus group compared to the normal group (P < 0.001 and P < 0.001).

Conclusions

Inflammatory cytokines were highly expressed in the conjunctiva and tears of diabetic patients with dry eye. The mechanism for this might be related to hyperglycemia-induced activation of the NF-κB pathway, which increased the levels of inflammatory cytokines. In addition, chemokines might also play a role in the pathogenesis of dry eye in diabetes mellitus.
A classical density functional from machine learning and a convolutional neural network
Authors: Shang-Chun Lin , Oettel Martin
Published: February 2019

We use machine learning methods to approximate a classical density
functional. The functional ‘learns’ by comparing the density profile it
generates with that of simulations. As a study case, we choose the model
problem of a Lennard–Jones fluid in one dimension where there is no
exact solution available. After separating the excess free energy
functional into a “repulsive” and an “attractive” part, machine learning
finds a functional for the attractive part in weighted–density form. The
predictions of density profile at a hard wall shows good agreement when
subject to thermodynamic conditions beyond those in the training set.
This also holds for the equation of state if this is evaluated near the
training temperature. We discuss the applicability to problems in higher
dimensions.
The determinants of liquidity risk of commercial banks in Vietnam
Authors: T. T. Tran Tu , T. Nguyen Yen , T.H. Nguyen Thuy , Tran Long
Published: February 2019

This research identifies factors that explain the liquidity of commercial banks in the Vietnam banking system from 2010 to 2015. Using the OLS regression method for analysis, it was found that:

the interbank market helps commercial banks improve their liquidity;
the larger the loan size, the higher the liquidity risk;
good credit risk management has a positive impact on liquidity risk management; and
long-term interest rate is negatively related to the liquidity of commercial banks.

The research also makes recommendations on liquidity risk management policies to banks and policy-makers from the Government and the State Bank of Vietnam.
An improved source apportionment mixing model combined with a Bayesian approach for nonpoint source pollution load estimation
Authors: Yan Zhongyue , Xu Jing , Ruan Xiaohong
Published: February 2019

A nonpoint source (NPS) loads evaluation method based on the Bayesian source apportionment mixing model was established in this research. The model assumed that (1) the pollutant concentration from each source mixed with the others in the monitoring section during transport, (2) transport only considered first-order attenuation, (3) point source pollution had relatively stable emissions, and (4) the measurement error was random, unrelated, and consistent with a normal distribution (mean of 0). All unknown parameters in the model were taken as random variables, and their posterior distributions were derived by Markov chain Monte Carlo procedures based on historical data, literature, and empirical information. The outflow system of the Huaihe River was adopted as a case study to verify the feasibility of the model. Gelman–Rubin, automatic frequency control statistics, and the determination coefficient (R2) verified the reliability. The results showed that the total loads of ammonia nitrogen (NH4+), chemical oxygen demand, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus from NPSs accounted for 16.35–27.58%, 18.78–25.69%, 21.68–29.71%, and 42.11–52.09%, respectively. The parameter sensitivity analysis showed that prior distribution of NPS concentration was the most sensitive one, which should be determined reasonably based on the empirical or historical information.
Radon assessment for selected sites in the Tigris River
Authors: Amin Sahar A. , Alani Rana R. , Jassim Ali A.
Published: February 2019

In the current research, water samples were collected from selected sites in the Tigris River. The water samples were collected monthly started from September 2017 to January 2018.The results demonstrate that the total average values of radon activity level for the 5 months for site 1, site 2, site 3 and site 4 were 36.6, 28.5, 46.2 and 37.2 Bq.m−3, respectively. The average radon concentration value of the four sites during the 5 months was 37.1 Bq.m−3. Dissolved radon concentrations for the study samples were also calculated and their average values were 1.242, 0.930, 1.510 and 0.930 Bq.L−1 for site 1, site 2, site 3 and site 4, respectively. The overall average calculated radon surface exhalation rate for the water samples was 0.363 Bq.m−2.h−1. Annual effective doses due to water consumption for adults, children and babies were also calculated. The obtained values of radon concentrations in the study water samples were found to be lower than the maximum permissible concentrations in water as recommended by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Also, the results reveal that the radon activity level has its lowest value during November but that there are no considerable variations with different times of the year.
Pulmonary Hypertension in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease: Noninvasive Strategies for Patient Phenotyping and Risk Assessment
Authors: Raina Amresh
Published: February 2019

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is relatively common among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). PH is most prevalent in patients undergoing hemodialysis, ranging from 32%-58%, depending on the definition of PH used. The reported incidence of PH is less frequent for patients receiving peritoneal dialysis (12%-42%), and renal transplant recipients are typically the least likely to have PH than either of these dialysis cohorts.1–6
Hemodynamic Evaluation of Pulmonary Hypertension in Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Tedford Ryan J. , Forfia Paul R.
Published: February 2019

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a common condition and its prevalence is increasing.12 Likewise, the number of patients reaching end-stage renal disease (ESRD) continues to rise. In the United States in 2010, there were 413,275 patients on dialysis and 179,361 patients with a functioning renal transplant, bringing the rate of prevalent ESRD cases to 1752 per million population.2 Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a commonly encountered comorbidity of patients with CKD and those who have progressed to ESRD. Although the true prevalence of PH in these populations is unknown, several small, single-center analyses using varied cutoffs for echocardiographically estimated pulmonary pressures have reported estimates as high as 56%.3–7
Implementation of the PHA Pulmonary Hypertension Care Center Accreditation Program
Authors: Wirth Joel A. , Poms Abby
Published: February 2019

In the previous issue of Advances in Pulmonary Hypertension, Dr Studer discussed the emerging evidence suggesting that patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH) managed by specialized centers have improved outcomes compared with those without access to comprehensive PH care. He also summarized some of the anticipated benefits of referral to and collaboration with specialized treatment centers for PH.1 In 2011, the Pulmonary Hypertension Association (PHA) Pulmonary Hypertension Care Center (PHCC) Committee began to explore a process for formal accreditation of PH programs in the United States.
New Oral Drugs for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Macitentan, Riociguat, and Treprostinil
Authors: Caccamo Marco A. , Lahm Tim
Published: February 2019

In 2013, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved 3 new oral drugs for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH; World Health Organization [WHO] Group 1 pulmonary hypertension [PH]). These include the endothelin receptor antagonist macitentan, the soluble guanylate cyclase stimulator riociguat, and the prostacyclin analogue treprostinil. In addition, riociguat was approved for the treatment of patients with inoperable or postsurgery recurrent or persistent chronic thromboembolic PH (CTEPH; WHO Group 4 PH). The approval of these drugs has several important clinical implications: first, in a disease where many of the currently available treatments are complicated by significant side effects and/or complex administration regimens, the availability of new oral drugs clearly represents a valuable addition to the armamentarium. Second, the macitentan study was the first long-term, event-driven trial to be published in the PAH field, making the results more robust and paving the way for improved clinical trial design in the future. Third, riociguat is the first FDA-approved medical treatment regimen for selected CTEPH patients, thus providing a critical treatment option for patients with inoperable or recurrent/persistent CTEPH. Lastly, the approval of oral treprostinil made this drug the first oral prostacyclin analogue to be available in the United States. In this article, the authors will discuss the mechanisms of action of macitentan, riociguat, and oral treprostinil; review the landmark trials that led to the FDA approval of these drugs, and discuss their clinical use.
Ambulatory Hemodynamic Monitoring in the Management of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Raina Amresh , Benza Raymond L.
Published: February 2019

Background: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by pulmonary vascular remodeling, rise in pulmonary arterial pressures, and if left untreated, right heart failure. Invasive hemodynamic assessment with right heart catheterization (RHC) has been the gold standard for the diagnosis and serial assessment of patients with PAH. However, RHC has important limitations and might be supplemented by newer technologies in the management of PAH patients.

Implications for Clinicians: Implantable hemodynamic monitors (IHM) hold the promise of being able to provide accurate pulmonary artery pressure measurements, with frequent or continuous remote monitoring in the home or ambulatory setting. As such, IHMs may provide a more complete understanding of a patient's hemodynamic profile and burden of disease. IHM data may also help to provide ongoing feedback in terms of a PAH patient's response to medical therapy and other interventions and might be valuable in specific subsets of patients with borderline or exercise-induced PAH.

Conclusions: Though clinical studies using IHMs in PAH patients have been limited to small series and case reports, these devices hold a great deal of promise to supplement RHC in the management of PAH patients and warrant further investigation and clinical experience.
Circulating Biomarkers in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Al-Naamani Nadine , Trammell Aaron W. , Safdar Zeenat
Published: February 2019

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive disease of the pulmonary vasculature that leads to exercise limitation, right heart failure, and death. There is a need for biomarkers that can aid in early detection, disease surveillance, and treatment monitoring in PAH. Several potential molecules have been investigated; however, only brain natriuretic peptide is currently recommended at diagnosis and for follow-up of PAH patients. This review will focus on potential biomarkers in PAH and will discuss their pathophysiology, prognostic significance, as well as their limitations.
Consensus or Controversy: Do Recent Advances Shift the Debate for the Use of Echocardiography Versus Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Right Ventricle in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension?
Authors: Raina Amresh , Freed Benjamin
Published: February 2019

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive, often lethal condition originating in the pulmonary arteriolar tree. It is typically manifested in stereotypical changes in the right ventricle (RV). RV dysfunction is an important mediator of patient symptoms in PAH, and RV failure is the most common cause of mortality in PAH patients. Because of the physiologic importance of the RV, RV imaging is critical in the initial diagnostic evaluation and serial assessment of PAH patients, and can provide indirect insight into the status of the disease at the level of the pulmonary vasculature. This article will focus on whether technological advances in imaging have shifted the debate toward which modality is optimal both for routine clinical practice and for a possible surrogate endpoint in PAH clinical trials.
The Right Ventricle: A Not-So-Innocent Bystander in Pulmonary Hypertension Due to Left Heart Disease
Authors: Houston Brian A. , Hsu Steven , Tampakakis Emmanouil , Tedford Ryan J.
Published: February 2019

The most common disease associated with high pulmonary vascular pressures and right ventricular (RV) afterload is left heart disease (LHD). In this review, we will discuss the role right heart disease (RHD) plays in LHD progression, prognosis, and treatment. We will first discuss the current definitions employed in RHD and its epidemiology in various left heart diseases. We will next explore the pathophysiology of RV dysfunction in LHD, including a discussion of the effects and components of RV afterload and RV/left ventricular contractile interactions. Finally, we will describe the recently observed clinical implications of RV dysfunction in LHD and pertinent therapeutic considerations.
Sodium Oleate Increases Ampicillin Sensitivity in Methylophilus quaylei Biofilms on Teflon and Polypropylene
Authors: Mohamed Abir M.H.A. , Vladimirovna Shevlyagina N. , Grigorievich Zhukhovitsky V. , Borisovna Pshenichnikova A. , Ivanovich Shvets V.
Published: February 2019

Background:

Drug combination is a new therapy to improve antibiotic deficiency treatment towards biofilm resistance.

Objective:

This study was conducted to determine the potential effect of sodium oleate to inhibit established biofilms of two strains, methylotrophic bacteria Methylophilus quaylei in combination with ampicillin. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ampicillin was determined and added in combination with sodium oleate and examined on planktonic and established biofilms of two strains M. quaylei were characterized by different properties of cell surface hydrophobicity.

Methods:

The effect on biofilms was evaluated by the number of colony forming units (CFUs), crystal violet assay, light and scanning electron microscopy.

Results:

The study demonstrates that sodium oleate has a promoting activity against planktonic growth of M. quaylei strains and has a slight inhibitory effect on biofilm. Addition of sodium oleate enhances the bactericidal effect of ampicillin against biofilm cells. Combination of ampicillin 0.1 mg/ml (MIC) and sodium oleate 0.03 mg/ml showed a remarkable destruction effect on established biofilms.

Discussion:

Combination of ampicillin 0.1 mg/ml (MIC) and sodium oleate 0.03 mg/ml showed a remarkable destruction effect on established biofilms. Overall, results indicated that sodium oleate in combination with ampicillin enhances the inhibition of M. quaylei biofilms and this combination can be utilized for combating bacterial biofilm resistance.

Conclusion:

Overall, results indicated that sodium oleate in combination with ampicillin enhances the inhibition of M. quaylei biofilms and this combination can be utilized for combating bacterial biofilm resistance.