bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fim da contribuição sindical obrigatória: liberdade cínica
Authors: Brasileiro Ana Clara Matias , Brasileiro Carol Matias
Published: December 2021

Resumo Em 2017, a Lei da Reforma Trabalhista determinou, dentre mais de 200 alterações normativas, o fim da obrigatoriedade da contribuição sindical. O objetivo desta pesquisa é descrever de que forma essa mudança impacta os sindicatos de categoria profissional com base em Belo Horizonte. Elencamos, ainda, como objetivos específicos, analisar criticamente as justificativas apresentadas para a Reforma Trabalhista e discutir o sistema de custeio da atividade sindical. A metodologia utilizada, com abordagem qualitativa, foi construída pela conjugação de fontes bibliográficas, pesquisa documental e pesquisa de campo. Foi utilizado o instrumento entrevista semiestruturada, aplicada a quatorze dirigentes sindicais vinculados a sindicatos de oito categorias profissionais com base em Belo Horizonte. Os resultados mostram que o fim da obrigatoriedade da contribuição atinge fortemente o orçamento desses sindicatos profissionais, empobrecendo e enfraquecendo a luta e a representação coletivas e possibilitando o agravamento de condutas antissindicais.
O estudo de caso na sociologia dos tribunais: o HC 126.292 e as ADCs 43 e 44
Authors: Santos Caio Santiago F.
Published: December 2021

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar reflexões teóricas e metodológicas sobre o estudo de caso na sociologia dos tribunais. Como referência principal, adotam-se os trabalhos de Boaventura de Sousa Santos sobre os tribunais. A sociologia dos tribunais propõe-se a analisar os tribunais em sociedade, e não de forma apartada ou isolada. Para isso, o estudo de caso é um método de pesquisa privilegiado, pois articula diversas técnicas para compor um quadro empírico amplo sobre a atuação dos tribunais em sociedade. Com base em estudo de caso sobre o HC 126.292 e as ADCs 43 e 44 realizado em pesquisa de doutorado, demonstra-se a utilidade de alguns conceitos – as pressões na tomada de decisão, a heterogeneidade dos tribunais e suas diferentes funções exercidas em sociedade – e da articulação de distintas técnicas de pesquisa para analisar a atuação do Supremo Tribunal Federal.
“Respeitem a forma de a gente ser”: Protocolo de Consulta Munduruku e pluralismo jurídico
Authors: Oliveira Rodrigo Magalhães de
Published: December 2021

Resumo O artigo analisa o conflito entre o povo indígena Munduruku e o governo federal em torno do licenciamento de uma usina hidrelétrica no Estado do Pará. Por meio de etnografia documental, identifica que os agentes em conflito possuem sensibilidades jurídicas distintas acerca do direito à consulta e conclui que os Protocolos de Consulta Prévia são dotados de juridicidade, conforme previsão legal específica reconhecendo o pluralismo jurídico.
A complexa concepção de direitos humanos no pensamento de Paulo Freire – Paz, mundo e socialismo no processo de libertação do sujeito ético-político
Authors: Góes Junior José Humberto de
Published: December 2021

Resumo O presente trabalho, em comemoração aos 100 anos de nascimento de Paulo Freire, aborda, sob uma Teoria de Direitos Humanos, o pensamento sintetizado nos livros “Educação como prática da liberdade”, “Pedagogia do oprimido”, “Pedagogia da esperança” e “Pedagogia da autonomia”. Seu objetivo é entender e apresentar uma concepção de direitos humanos associada às ideias de paz, meio ambiente e socialismo, segundo o pensador brasileiro.
“Nós não compreendemos exatamente o que ela quis dizer com ‘vômito negro’”: Fundação Rockefeller, ciência e a epidemia de febre amarela de 1926
Authors: Batista Ricardo dos Santos
Published: December 2021

RESUMO Este artigo analisa a incidência da febre amarela no Nordeste brasileiro no ano de 1926 e os seus desdobramentos científicos. Após a epidemia, foram realizadas inspeções em cidades nas quais ocorreram surtos, no intuito de refutar a existência da amarílica. Além disso, com o redirecionamento das atividades da Fundação Rockefeller, foi criado o laboratório da febre amarela, em Salvador, em 1928. Utilizam-se como fontes correspondências, relatórios e diários da Fundação Rockefeller e jornais brasileiros para compreender as especificidades da epidemia. O evento de 1926 foi de grande importância para o desenvolvimento da saúde internacional e influenciou estratégias e ações no controle da amarílica.
De la radicalización política a la defensa de derechos humanos en París. Dos trayectorias conectadas de reconversión militante (Envar El Kadri y François Gèze, 1968-1983)
Authors: Cristiá Moira
Published: December 2021

RESUMEN El artículo analiza las trayectorias militantes del argentino Envar El Kadri y del francés François Gèze como casos testigo de las conexiones que confluyeron desde la radicalización de amplios sectores de la izquierda internacional en torno a 1968 a la férrea defensa de los derechos humanos a principios de los ochenta. Si aún en 1975 ambos actores compartían un discurso antimperialista y apoyaban procesos revolucionarios, en pocos años, tanto El Kadri como Gèze se posicionaron claramente en la defensa de los derechos humanos, repudiando a la dictadura argentina. Desde una perspectiva de historias conectadas, el trabajo demuestra que el pasaje del apoyo de la violencia revolucionaria a la estricta denuncia humanitaria internacional no fue un fenómeno exclusivamente latinoamericano. Por el contrario, encarnó un proceso de transformación del clima político global que se manifestó con sus particularidades en distintas latitudes.
Por uma “consciência sanitária” revolucionária: a participação do médico Belisário Penna em outubro de 1930
Authors: Carvalho Leonardo Dallacqua de
Published: December 2021

RESUMO Analiso a participação do médico Belisário Penna no golpe de Estado de 1930. Investigo a trajetória de Penna como médico e homem público nos anos finais da década de 1920. Discuto sua aproximação com Getúlio Vargas, a repercussão da tomada de poder em impressos periódicos, as correspondências recebidas e de que modo ocorreu a sua entrada no cargo de diretor do Departamento Nacional de Saúde Pública, no Governo Provisório. Em particular, apresento um sanitarista que propunha por meio de uma “consciência sanitária” um Brasil integrado regionalmente, centralizado politicamente e administrativamente e capaz de viabilizar uma reforma nacional na saúde pública.
SYNERGISTIC IMMUNOMODULATORY ACTIVITY OF PROBIOTICS BIFIDOBACTERIUM ANIMALIS AND LACTOBACILLUS CASEI IN ENTEROAGGREGATIVE ESCHERICHIA COLI (EAEC)-INFECTED CACO-2 CELLS
Authors: FERREIRA Andréa Fonseca , BRAGA Ricardo Luís Lopes , ANDRADE Maysa Ferreira , ROSA Ana Claudia de Paula , PEREIRA-MANFRO Wânia Ferraz
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) is an E. coli pathotype that presents aggregative adhesion patterns on in vitro cultivated cells, mainly related to persistent diarrhea cases in children. EAEC virulence factors are important for host colonization and pathogenicity. Intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and initiate an immune response. Several studies using in vivo and in vitro models emphasize the probiotic activity and immunomodulatory capacity of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium species. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the modulation of cytokine production by probiotics Bifidobacterium animalis and Lactobacillus casei in human intestinal Caco-2 cells exposed to different strains of EAEC. METHODS: Caco-2 cells were incubated with EAEC strains in the presence or absence of probiotics. The production of cytokines IL-8, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-10 was evaluated in the supernatants by a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS: Cytokine production did not change when uninfected and EAEC-infected Caco-2 cells were exposed to probiotics separately. All EAEC induced a significant increase in IL-8 production by Caco-2 cells, but the probiotics, even together, could not reduce its production. On the other hand, the synergic activity of probiotic strains significantly increased TNF-α production but decreased the basal production of IL-1ß. Also, probiotics induced a significant increase in the production of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 during EAEC infection. CONCLUSION: Our results reinforce the synergistic immunomodulatory activity of probiotics during EAEC infection.
ENERGY AND NUTRIENT INTAKE IN OSTOMY PATIENTS AND CORRELATIONS WITH ANTHROPOMETRIC VARIABLES: RESULTS FROM A REFERENCE HOSPITAL IN THE STATE OF PERNAMBUCO, BRAZIL
Authors: DOMINGOS JÚNIOR Ivanildo Ribeiro , ANDRADE Maria Izabel Siqueira de , SANTIAGO Emerson Rogério Costa , BARBOSA Laís Sousa , DOURADO Keila Fernandes
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Studies that assess the food intake and nutritional status of ostomy patients are scarce in the literature. However, such individuals have symptoms in the postoperative period that determine changes in the intake of calories and nutrients as well as anthropometric variables. OBJECTIVE: Estimate the energy and nutrient intake of ostomy patients and determine correlations with anthropometric variables. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted with ostomy individuals in outpatient follow-up at a reference hospital for postoperative ostomy surgery in the city of Recife, Brazil. Demographic, socioeconomic, clinical, anthropometric, and dietary data were collected through interviews and from patient charts. Statistical analyses were performed with the aid of the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, version 13.0 for Windows, with the level of significance set at 5% (P≤0.05). RESULTS: The sample was composed of 100 individuals (54% males) with a mean age of 55.1±15.4 years. Colostomy patients predominated (82%) and had a greater frequency of excess weight compared to ileostomy patients (86.36% versus 13.64%). Median intake was below the Estimated Average Requirements, especially for vitamins A, C, and E. Significant inverse correlations were found between carbohydrate intake and both arm circumference and triceps skinfold (P=0.0302 for each) and a positive correlation was found between protein intake and arm muscle circumference (P=0.0158) in male patients. CONCLUSION: The present study found significant correlations between macronutrient intake and anthropometric variables indicative of reserves of lean and adipose mass. Moreover, intake was below the recommended values according to sex and age group, especially with regards to vitamins.
THE IMPACT OF COLORECTAL CHROMENDOSCOPY WITH ENHANCED MUCOSAL IMAGING ON ADENOMA MISS RATE IN SCREENING COLONOSCOPY
Authors: LUZ Bruna Suelen Raymundo , CANTERAS Juliana Carneiro Cabral Dourado , GON Karen de Carvalho , BATISTA Maria Luisa de Deus , AHN Thomy Jun , MALUF-FILHO Fauze
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Colonoscopy is the gold standard for the diagnosis and treatment of adenomas. It is related with decreased colorectal cancer incidence and mortality. However, an important problem is missed colorectal adenoma. All efforts should be undertaken to reduce this rate. Enhancing imaging technologies including electronic chromoendoscopy and magnification has been increasingly adopted for improving the colorectal neoplasia detection rate and the detailed study of its surface, as well. I-scan images (Pentax, Tokyo, Japan) provides virtual chromoendoscopy in real-time during the examination to view the surface pattern, highlighting the microvasculature of the neoplastic lesion. The evidence on the impact of the use of I-scan on the colorectal adenoma detection rate is scarce. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether the use of I-scan has impact on the adenoma miss rate (AMR) of screening colonoscopy exams. METHODS: Observational and prospective study conducted by monitoring patients over 50 years undergoing colonoscopy. There were two groups: Group 1 - first inspection with standard high-definition white-light (HDWL) followed by a second inspection with I-scan 1; Group 2 - first inspection with I-scan 1 followed by a second inspection with standard HDWL. The primary outcome was the AMR from the first exam, calculated with the number of adenomas detected in the second exam, divided by the total number of adenomas detected in both exams. RESULTS: A total of 85 patients participated in the study. 14 were excluded, with a final sample of 71 patients, in the Group 1, 34 patients, and the Group 2, 37. A total of 58 adenomas were detected, 40 in the first inspection (20 in each group) and 18 in the second inspection in group 1. The overall AMR was higher for the Group 1 than the Group 2 (47.4% vs 0% P=0.0002). CONCLUSION: The use of I-scan 1 during colonoscopy exam reduces the AMR.
ROBOTIC LIVER RESECTION. REPORT OF THE FIRST 50 CASES
Authors: MACHADO Marcel Autran C , LOBO-FILHO Murillo M , MATTOS Bruno H , ARDENGH André O , MAKDISSI Fábio F
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Robotic surgery has gained growing acceptance in recent years, expanding to liver resection. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this paper is to report the experience with our first fifty robotic liver resections. METHODS: This was a single-cohort, retrospective study. From May 2018 to December 2020, 50 consecutive patients underwent robotic liver resection in a single center. All patients with indication for minimally invasive liver resection underwent robotic hepatectomy. The indication for the use of minimally invasive technique followed practical guidelines based on the second international laparoscopic liver consensus conference. RESULTS: The proportion of robotic liver resection was 58.8% of all liver resections. Thirty women and 20 men with median age of 61 years underwent robotic liver resection. Forty-two patients were operated on for malignant diseases. Major liver resection was performed in 16 (32%) patients. Intrahepatic Glissonian approach was used in 28 patients for anatomical resection. In sixteen patients, the robotic liver resection was a redo hepatectomy. In 10 patients, previous liver resection was an open resection and in six it was minimally invasive resection. Simultaneous colon resection was done in three patients. One patient was converted to open resection. Two patients received blood transfusion. Four (8%) patients presented postoperative complications. No 90-day mortality was observed. CONCLUSION: The use of the robot for liver surgery allowed to perform increasingly difficult procedures with similar outcomes of less difficult liver resections.
EFFICACY OF ENDOSCOPIC BALLOON DILATION IN IRANIAN PEDIATRIC PATIENTS WITH ESOPHAGEAL STRICTURE
Authors: AHMADI Mitra , MANZARI-TAVAKOLI Mohammad , JAVAHERIZADEH Hazhir , HAKIMZADEH Mehran , MIRKARIMI Mohammadreza , SHARHANI Asaad
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Esophageal stenosis (ES) in children is a fixed intrinsic narrowing of the esophagus due to numerous aetiologies. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the clinical and nutritional impacts of endoscopic balloon dilation (EBD) in Iranian children with an esophageal stricture. METHODS: This retrospective study, pediatric patients (aged <18 years) who underwent EBD for esophageal stricture from April 2015 until March 2020 in Abuzar Children’s Hospital (Ahvaz, Iran) were enrolled in the study. Outcome parameters were the frequency of dilations, nutritional status, complications, and clinical success rates. EBD was used in children with radiologic evidence of esophageal stenosis. The nutritional status was evaluated by weight-for-age (z-score). Clinical success was considered as no necessity of EBD for a minimum of one year and/or increasing interval among dilation and the frequency of EBD was less than four times per year. RESULTS: A total of 53 cases (mean age, 4.72±3.38 years) were enrolled. There were 25 (47.2%) females and 28 (52.8%) males. During follow-up, a total of 331 EBD sessions were performed, with an average of 6.24 sessions per patient. There was one case of perforation and one case of mediastinitis, while there was no other complication or mortality. The clinical success rate of EBD therapy was 62.3% (33/53). The mean standard deviation z-score weight-for-age of patients before and after endoscopic dilation was 2.78 (2.41) and 1.18 (1.87), respectively. The t-test showed a significant difference between the weights-for-age (z-score) before and after endoscopic dilation. The majority of the patients had raised weight-for-age (z-score) after EBD treatment. CONCLUSION: EBD attained a good clinical success rate and nutritional improvement in children with an esophageal stricture.
Dimensiones epistemológicas en los sistemas de accountability de la calidad educativa: elementos para una interrogación crítica
Authors: Galioto-Allegra Carmelo , Flores-Gonzalez Luís Manuel
Published: December 2021

RESUMEN El artículo interroga críticamente las premisas epistemológicas que fundamentan los sistemas de accountability de la calidad educativa. El foco de este ejercicio teórico es la concepción del conocimiento que subyace en los indicadores de la calidad educativa, con la finalidad de discutir sus principios y límites fundamentales. En la primera parte, y tomando como referencia el caso chileno, desarrollamos una descripción general de la accountability, y de los supuestos epistemológicos que justifican su coherencia interna, así como de una supuesta objetividad, referida a estándares de medición y de rendimiento. En la segunda sección, problematizamos los límites de la noción de objetividad desde enfoques epistemológicos de la física contemporánea y de la fenomenología. En conclusión, planteamos algunas implicancias y lineamientos para las políticas de aseguramiento de la calidad educativa.
High genetic diversity of Anaplasma marginale infecting dairy cattle in northeastern Brazil
Authors: Pereira José Gomes , Garcia Amanda Barbosa , Gonçalves Luiz Ricardo , Ramos Inalda Angélica de Souza , Braga Maria do Socorro Costa Oliveira , Santos Larissa Sarmento dos , Melo Ferdinan Almeida , Santos Hamilton Pereira , Carvalho Neta Alcina Vieira de , Rosário Carla Janaina Rebouças Marques do , Lima Cristian Alex Aquino , de Carvalho Robert Ferreira Barroso , Silva Lucas Diniz , Lima Maurício Sousa , André Marcos Rogério , Machado Rosangela Zacarias
Published: December 2021

Abstract Anaplasma marginale is an obligate intracellular Gram-negative bacterium found in ruminants’ erythrocytes and is the etiological agent of bovine anaplasmosis. The bacterium’s genetic diversity has been characterized based on sequences of major surface proteins (MSPs), such as MSP1α. The aim of the present study was to investigate the genetic diversity of A. marginale in cattle in the state of Maranhão, northeastern Brazil. To this end, 343 blood samples were harvested and subjected to iELISA assays using the recombinant surface protein MSP5. Out of 343 blood samples, 235 (68.5%) were randomly chosen and submitted to DNA extraction, qPCR and conventional PCR targeting the msp1α gene to determine amino acid sequences and classify the genotypes. The iELISA results showed 81.34% seropositivity (279/343), whereas qPCR revealed 224 positive samples (95.32%). Among these qPCR-positive samples, 67.4% (151/224) were also positive in the cPCR. Among the 50 obtained sequences, 21 strains had not been previously reported. Regarding the genotypes, H (26/50) and E (18/50) were identified most often, while genotypes F and C were only identified twice each and B and G once each. In conclusion, high prevalence and genetic diversity for A. marginale were observed in dairy cattle herds in the state of Maranhão.
Size effect on compressive behaviour of stirrup-confined concrete columns
Authors: Jin Liu , Li Ping , Du Xiuli
Published: December 2021

Numerous studies have indicated the existence of a size effect on the axial compressive behaviour of stirrup-confined concrete columns. However, most of these studies have focused on nominal compressive strength. Investigations of the size effect on the axial strain (at peak load) and of the descending branch are limited. In this study, the size effect behaviour of square stirrup-confined concrete columns under axial compression was explored, using a three-dimensional mesoscale simulation method. Based on the numerical and available experimental results, the influence of specimen size on peak axial stress (i.e. compressive strength), corresponding strain and softening rate was explored. Moreover, quantitative relationships between specimen size and peak axial stress, corresponding strain and softening rate for circular and square stirrup-confined concrete columns were derived. Finally, considering the size effect on the peak axial stress, corresponding strain and softening rate, a novel stress–strain model describing the axial compression behaviour of stirrup-confined concrete was developed. The proposed model was verified by comparison with the available experimental results and existing models.
Simile in Joachim Lelewel’s Scientific Idiolect
Authors: Jaros Violetta
Published: December 2021

The subject-matter of this paper is the investigation of similes in Joachim Lelewel’s scientific idiolect, which were collected upon the basis of this scholar’s selected writings. The objective of the analyses is to determine the repertoire of the connection indicators introducing this figure of thought in the selected scientific texts of this historian, the grammatical structure of similes, and first and foremost, to indicate their functions and this scientist's idiolective properties within the scope of using the stylistic device in question.
Françoise Héritier
Authors: BARRY Laurent
Published: December 2021

Françoise Héritier succédera à Claude Lévi-Strauss au Collège de France. Ses travaux sur les substances corporelles, les systèmes semi-complexes et les terminologies de parenté crow-omaha, la conduiront a concevoir la valence différentielle des sexe et partant, à théoriser ce qu’elle nommera l’inceste du second type.
EFFECT OF THE N2/Ar FLOW RATIO ON THE MICROSTRUCTURE AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF TiSiCN COATINGS
Authors: Wang Jin , Wang Mengting , Wang Yongqiang , Ma Dayan , Li Hao
Published: December 2021

TiSiCN coatings were prepared with the multi-arc ion plating and magnetron sputtering technique. The effect of the N2/Ar flow ratio on the properties of TiSiCN coatings was studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and a friction and wear tester (UMT-3). With an increase in the N2/Ar flow ratio, the number of large particles on the surface first increases and then decreases. The intensity of the TiN (200) diffraction peak increases gradually, while the grain size first decreases and then increases. A TiSiCN coating consists of Ti (N, C) nanocrystallites, amorphous SiC, Si3N4 and carbon. When the N2/Ar flow ratio is 5 : 1, the coating exhibits the highest hardness and excellent wear resistance.
RESEARCH ON MATERIAL FLOW-STRESS BEHAVIOR AND THE DIE-FORGING PROCESS FOR FORGED-STEEL BRAKE DISCS FOR HIGH-SPEED TRAINS
Authors: Li Zhenhong , Zhang Chenxing , Wang Chenyu , Huang Yingna
Published: December 2021

Due to the large size and complicated features, the brake discs of high-speed trains are difficult to forge, so a reasonable design of the process and the die parameter are prerequisites for successful forming. The flow stress of 23CrNiMoV, a forged-steel brake disc material for high-speed trains, was investigated by a uniaxial compression experiment on a Gleeble 1500 test machine. Based on the obtained flow-stress data, a series of numerical simulation analyses of the die forging of high-speed-train brake discs were carried out by using finite-element software. The effects of forging temperature, flash groove parameters and forming speed on the flow filling, forming load and temperature change of metal during die forging were studied. The simulation results were optimized and better process parameters were obtained. Based on the obtained process parameters, the simulation of the forming process was completed and a better forming quality was obtained.
SURFACE MODIFIED TITANIUM DIOXIDE/POLY (LACTIC ACID) NANOCOMPOSITE FILMS FOR TISSUE ENGINEERING
Authors: ESKİTOROS TOĞAY Şükran Melda , TOKGOZ Ulya
Published: December 2021

Objective
This study aims to synthesize and characterize the
nanocomposite films incorporating unmodified and
modified nanoparticles within the poly(lactic acid)
matrix, and to investigate their usage as an alternative
scaffold for tissue engineering.
Materials and Methods
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles were firstly
grafted by L-lactic acid oligomer (LA-g-TiO2) and the
mixture of propionic acid/hexylamine (AA-g-TiO2),
respectively. Then the unmodified and modified
nanoparticles were incorporated within the poly(lactic
acid) matrix via the solvent casting method to produce
the PLA/TiO2, PLA/LA-g-TiO2, and PLA/AA-g-TiO2
nanocomposite films. The chemical, thermal and
mechanical structures of these synthesized films were
subsequently characterized.
Results
The attenuated total reflectance (ATR) results
demonstrated that the surface modification of the
nanoparticles was accomplished. The results of
differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) analysis
showed that the crystallization of the PLA was
partly increased by the incorporation of modified
nanoparticles. The results of thermogravimetric
analysis (TGA) showed that the addition of LA-g-TiO2
into the polymer matrix improved the thermal stability
of PLA/LA-g-TiO2 nanocomposite film more than the
addition of AA-g-TiO2 into the polymer matrix. The
first and second decomposition temperatures of the
nanocomposites containing LA-g-TiO2 were 348.3 oC
and 392 oC, respectively, which were 6% greater than
those of the neat PLA. The micrograph of atomic force
microscopy (AFM) of the nanocomposites indicated
that LA-g-TiO2 and AA-g-TiO2 were homogeneously
dispersed in polymer matrices. The results of dynamic
mechanical analysis (DMA) demonstrated that the
most efficient bonding and compatibility were obtained
in PLA/LA-g-TiO2 nanocomposite compared to the
other nanocomposites.
Conclusion
These grafted nanoparticles, LA-g-TiO2 and AA-g-
TiO2, enhanced the thermal and mechanical properties
of the nanocomposites owing to their uniform
distribution in the matrix and good interactions with the
polymeric matrix. Therefore, these nanocomposites
can be utilized as alternative scaffolds in bone tissue
engineering.
The OEIS complex – clinical & radiological evaluation
Authors: HK Dutta , Dhaval D Dhingani , RK Gogoi , Deb K Boruah
Published: December 2021

The OEIS complex comprises a constellation of complex and severe malformations of the abdominal wall, gastrointestinal and genitourinary tracts, and spinal cord. The malformation results from improper closure of the ventral abdominal wall due to failure of convergence of cephalo-caudal and lateral folding of the embryo during early gestation. The rarity of the condition suggests etiologic heterogeneity and the possible role of environmental and genetic factors. We present clinical and imaging findings of the OEIS complex in a neonate.
Sexual coercion at first sexual debut and associated factors among young females in rural areas of Boset District, Eastern Ethiopia: A mixed-method study
Authors: Sileshi Garoma Abeya
Published: December 2021

Objectives: Assess the prevalence and associated factors of sexual coercion at first sexual debut among young females in rural areas of Boset district, Oromia Region, Ethiopia. Methods: Cross-sectional community-based study was conducted using qualitative and quantitative data collection methods. A sample of 632 young females aged 10-24 years was taken from six rural Kebeles by systematic random sampling for quantitative and data was collected using a pre-tested structured questionnaire. The collected data was analyzed using SPSS version 23. Principally Binary Logistic regression model was fitted. Moreover, eight focus group discussions targeting different groups were held and analyzed thematically. Results: Prevalence of sexual coercion at first sexual debut was 36.5% (95%CI: 34.6%-38.4%) among sexually active respondents. Married young female (AOR,0.71;95%CI: 0.42,0.81), living away from their parents (AOR,5.07;95%CI:1.07,24.01), age group of 15-19 (AOR,0.19; 95%CI:0.06,0.54), alcohol consumption (AOR,2.44;95%CI:1.17, 5.08) and Khat chewing (AOR, 8.30;95%CI:1.89, 36.38) were factors predicting the likelihood of having sexual coercion at sexual debut. Conclusion: Sexual coercion at fist sexual debut is a major public health problem among young females in the study community. The emerging program interventions need to take this problem into consideration.
Morphological characteristics and production of Xaraes and Zuri grass fertilized with combinations of sulfur and potassium
Authors: Mota L. G. , Lourenço P. E. C. , Motta L. J. M. , Motta A. M. , Mattos J. S. , Cabral C. H. A. , Cabral C. E. A.
Published: December 2021

Sulfur and potassium are essential elements for the development of forages as part of protein synthesis, nutrient transport, activation of photosynthesis enzymes and stomatal activity. Thus, this study aimed was to evaluate the production and morphology of Xaraes grass (Urochloa brizantha cv. Xaraes) and Zuri grass (Megathyrsus maximus cv. Zuri) fertilized with combinations of sulfur (S) and potassium (K) (only S, only K, with S and K, and without both), and identify which of these nutrients should be prioritized in maintenance fertilization. Two experiments were conducted in the greenhouse, in a completely randomized design. The first experiment was utilized the Xaraes grass and the second experiment the Zuri grass. Each experimental plot consisted of 5 dm3 pots with five plants per pot. All treatments were fertilized 200 mg/dm3 per pot with nitrogen. On treatments fertilized with sulfur it were applied ammonium sulfate (21% N and 24% S) as nitrogen supply, thus, it was applied 228 mg/dm3 of sulfur per plot. On treatments without sulfur, the nitrogen source was urea (46% N). The treatments with potassium were fertilized 100 mg/dm3 with potassium, utilizing potassium chloride (58% K2O). The harvest was performed when the plants reached the height of 35 and 75 cm, for xaraes and zuri respectively. For Xaraes grass, the fertilization with S and K in different combinations had a significant effect (P<0.05) on forage mass, leaves number and tillers per pot, individual tiller mass, leaf blade, stem + sheath, and dead material, as well as relative forage mass. For Zuri grass, the combinations of S and K showed statistical difference (P<0.05) just on leaf blade mass and dead material, and the number of leaves per pot, as well as on relative leaf blade mass. Based on the results obtained in the two experiments, the S and K combination in the maintenance fertilization of xaraes grass improves the forage development, however, S does not increase the productive indexes of zuri grass.
Valence Secession? Voting Shocks and Independence Support in Scotland
Authors: Liñeira Robert
Published: December 2021

National identifications, cues from political actors, and cost-benefit calculations have been pointed as the main determinants of secession preferences. However, a recent surge in independence support in Scotland suggests that abrupt political changes may also affect these preferences: Brexit and the differentiated management of the Covid-19 pandemic by the UK and the Scottish governments are named as causes of the first independence sustained majority registered by polling in Scotland. In this article, I discuss how voting shocks may affect the levels of support for independence, revise the evidence that sustains these claims, and analyse how they have changed the profile of the pro-independence voter. The effect of these questions has substantial implications for a possible second independence referendum in Scotland, as well as for the broader debate on the sources of secession support.
Current biomarkers of prostate cancer
Authors: Aboian I. A. , Fedotova E. N. , Shevchenko A. N. , Pakus S. M. , Maximov A. Yu. , Filatova E. V. , Khomutenko I. A. , Komarova Е. F. , Guskova N. K.
Published: December 2021

Prostate cancer is one of the most common malignancies in men. Early detection of prostate cancer is largely determined by the widely used prostate specific antigen (PSA) blood test. However, as a diagnostic and prognostic test of prostate cancer, PSA has limited specificity, sensitivity and leads to hyper or underdiagnosis, which, in turn, can lead to excessive treatment. There fore, it is very important to develop diagnostic markers that can be used to determine prostate cancer at an early stage of development, assess the possible progression of the disease and prescribe optimal therapy. Significant progress has been made in the discovery of biomarkers for prostate cancer. For example, biomarkers such as %-free PSA, Prostate Health Index (PHI) or 4K score can be used to increase specificity and reduce the number of unnecessary biopsies, while the PCA3 test can be used to reduce the number of repeated biopsies in men with previously negative biopsy. To determine aggressiveness and predict the outcome of the disease, tissue multigenic tests can be used, such as: T2-ERG, ExoDx, SelectMDx and ConfirmMDx, Prolaris, Oncoytype DX, Decipher. The development of such diagnostic tests opens up new opportunities for improving the diagnosis of prostate cancer, prognosis and decision-making on the appointment of therapy. And with the increase in their availability, finally, the possibility of an individual approach to the appointment of treatment for men with prostate cancer appears on the horizon. This review paper presents the data on the most advanced diagnostic biomarkers of prostate cancer.
Effect of diabetes mellitus on levels of insulin-like growth factors and their carrier proteins in Guerin’s carcinoma and it’s perifocal tissue in rats
Authors: Frantsiyants E. M. , Bandovkina V. A. , Kaplieva I. V. , Surikova E. I. , Neskubina I. V. , Pogorelova Yu. A. , Cheryarina N. D. , Kachesova P. S. , Nemashkalova L. A.
Published: December 2021

Purpose of the study. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is considered an independent risk factor for higher cancer incidence and death rates. The system of insulin-like growth factors and their carrier proteins (IGF and IGFBP) and hyperglycemia create favorable conditions for the proliferation and metastasis of cancer cells.

Materials and methods. Outbred male and female rats were divided into groups (n = 8 each): controls - with Guerin's carcinoma; main group - Guerin's carcinoma growing in presence of DM. Experimental DM was reproduces in animals by the single intraperitoneal alloxan injection (150 mg/kg body weight). After 10 days of the carcinoma growth, levels of IGF and IGFBP in the tumor and in it's perifocal area were measured using ELISA.

Results. DM in females upregulated levels of glucose both in the tumor and in perifocal tissues by 1.8 (p < 0.05) and 8.1 times, respectively, but caused opposite changes in IGF-I - it's increase by 6.3 times in the tumor and decrease by 3.2 times in the perifocal area; as a result, such tumors with small primary nodes were more "aggressive" and actively metastasized. In males, induced DM downregulated levels of glucose, IGF-II and IGFBP2 in the carcinoma by 8.4, 3.1 and 1.7 (p < 0.05) times, respectively, and increased levels of IGF-I and IGFBP2 by 1.4 and 1.3 times (p < 0.05) in the perifocal area without changing glucose levels; as a result, tumor volumes exceeded the values in the standard growth, without metastasizing into visceral organs.

Conclusion. We revealed gender differences in changing levels of glucose and IGF both in the tumor and in it's perifocal tissue in rats with Guerin's carcinoma growing in presence of DM; these differences could determine different tumor growth dynamics in male and female rats.
Serum HIF-1α and TGF-β1 levels depending on the clinical and morphological characteristics of breast cancer and sensitivity of tumor to neoadjuvant chemotherapy
Authors: Zubareva E. Yu. , Senchukova M. A. , Virich E. V. , Zubarev M. R. , Goncharova M. A.
Published: December 2021

Purpose of the study. To assess the serum levels of HIF-1 α and TGF-β1 in patients with invasive breast cancer (BC) depending on the clinical and morphological characteristics, molecular biological subtypes and the degree of pathological response (PR) of the tumor and metastases in the regional lymph nodes.

Materials and methods. 65 patients with newly diagnosed invasive BC, of whom 32 received from 6 to 8 courses of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (neo-A-CT) were included in this pilot study. The levels of TGF-β1 and HIF-1α were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Statistical analysis was performed using the Statistica 12.0 software.

Results. It was found that a high level of TGF-β1 was significantly more often observed in HER2-positive and I-IIa stages of luminal A and triple-negative BC (p = 0.01). HIF-1a levels were significantly higher in the presence of distant metastases (p = 0.04) and slightly higher in the presence of microcalcifications on mammograms (p = 0.07).

The analysis showed that patients with grade III-IV of PR in tumor were significantly younger (p = 0.047). Grade III-IV of PR in tumor was significantly more often observed in G3 (p = 0.05), in Her2-positive and triple negative BC (p = 0.01), in the absence of perineural (p = 0.002) and lymphovascular invasion (LVI) (p = 0.045), in the presence of lymphoid infiltration (p = 0.011) and microcalcifications in the tumor (p = 0.043), and slightly higher in ductal BC (p = 0.08). No significant correlations were found between the levels of TGF-β1 and HIF-1a and tumor PR (p = 0.6 and p = 0.9, respectively). However, in patients with grade III-IV of PR in regional metastases, the level of TGF-β1 was significantly lower than in patients with grade I-II (p = 0.03).

Conclusions. Thus, these data indicate the presence of correlations between the levels of HIF-1 α and TGF-β1 in the blood serum and a number of clinical characteristics of BC. The highest levels of HIF-1α are observed in the presence of distant metastases, and the highest levels of TGF-β1 are noted in HER2-positive and I-IIa stages of luminal A and triple-negative breast cancer. Given the presence of significant correlations between the level of TGF-β1 and the degree of PR in regional lymph nodes, its determination may be useful for assessing the sensitivity of metastases to regional lymph nodes to the neo-A-CT.
Evaluation of changes in laser Doppler flowmetry indices in patients with a combined subtype of rosacea under the influence of a course of complex phototherapy
Authors: Novikov Kirill A. , Tamrazova Olga B. , Matushevskaya Yuliya I.
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND: The development of new methods for the treatment of rosacea, as well as a combination of various methods of physiotherapy, is of scientific and practical interest. In this work, the assessment of changes in microcirculation indices under complex phototherapy has been carried out.
AIMS: Тo assess changes in microcirculation indices in patients with a combination of rosacea subtypes according to laser Doppler flowmetry under a course of complex phototherapy.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: In 20172020 a randomized controlled study of 130 patients with a combination of rosacea subtypes. All patients were divided into 4 groups. In each separate group, laser therapy and 1% metronidazole cream were used (group I); phototherapy and 1% metronidazole cream (group II); complex photolaser therapy and 1% metronidazole cream (group III); in the comparison group (group IV), patients show only 1% metronidazole cream. The treatment, the duration of which was 3 months, included 6 sessions with an interval of 2 weeks. The effectiveness of therapy was assessed according to the data of laser Doppler flowmetry, reflecting changes in the hemodynamics of the microvasculature in the affected skin areas.
RESULTS: The developed complex method, including exposure to intense pulsed light (intense pulsed light, IPL) 5201100 nm in combination with submillisecond neodymium laser radiation 1064 nm (submilisecond Nd: YAG laser 1064 nm) and daily application of 1% metronidazole cream showed the most pronounced improvement in the state of microcirculation according to laser Doppler flowmetry in comparison with the rest groups. Against the background of the course of complex phototherapy for all patients with the combined subtype of rosacea, statistically significant changes were in the volume of blood flow, modulation coefficients, coefficient of variation. On the contrary, no statistically significant changes were found in the ranges corresponding to active regulatory factors endothelial, neurogenic, myogenic, and passive respiratory and cardiac, as well as in the T index.
CONCLUSION: After the course of complex phototherapy in the group of patients with a combination of rosacea subtypes, there was a decrease in the severity of clinical manifestations of diseases, as well as an improvement in the main indicators of microcirculation according to laser Doppler flowmetry.
Clinical efficiency of the combined application of physiotherapeutic technologies and drinking mineral waters in patients with curral skin changes under conditions of insulin resistance
Authors: Kazantseva Christina V. , Nagornev Sergey N. , Frolkov Valery K. , Gusakova Elena V. , Nagorneva Maria S.
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND: One of the effective and pathogenetically substantiated methods of therapeutic action on cicatricial changes in the skin are laser technologies in combination with collagenases. However, as previous studies have shown, the presence of metabolic syndrome in patients significantly reduces the clinical efficacy of the combined use of laser therapy and phonophoresis of Fermencol. The most reasonable solution in this situation can be scientific research and experience in the practical use of drinking mineral waters, which have a high corrective efficiency in relation to metabolic processes, the course of which is significantly impaired in type II diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome. AIMS: Assessment of clinical indicators of cicatricial changes in the skin of patients with metabolic syndrome in the combined application of the method of phonophoresis Fermenkol, fractional photothermolysis and drinking mineral waters. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included 60 patients (49 men and 11 women) with cicatricial changes in the skin aged 19 to 50 years, with a confirmed diagnosis of metabolic syndrome. All patients by the method of simple fixed randomization were divided into two groups: the control group (30 people) and the main group (30 people). Both groups received treatment, which included a course of phonophoresis of 0.01% Fermencol gel in combination with the technique of fractional laser therapy. Patients of the main group, in contrast to the control group, in addition to the specified physiotherapeutic treatment received bottled sodium bicarbonate-chloride water Essentuki No. 17 (mineralization 11.8 g/l) at room temperature, 200250 ml three times a day for 1520 minutes before meals for 3 weeks. RESULTS: The addition of physiotherapeutic combined anti-scar therapy with a course of drinking mineral water Essentuki No. 17 in patients with cicatricial changes in the skin in combination with metabolic syndrome was accompanied by a significantly more pronounced clinical effect, assessed by the Vancouver scale and the Dermatological Index of Quality of Life. CONCLUSION: Additional course use of drinking mineral water Essentuki No. 17 is accompanied by a more pronounced dynamics of clinical manifestations of cicatricial deformities of the skin and an indicator of the quality of life of patients, due to the sanogenetic mechanisms of the drinking balneofactor.
Аpplication of rehabilitation technologies to improve cognitive functions in patients with ischemic stroke
Authors: Mikhailova Anna A. , Korchazhkina Natalya B. , Koneva Elizaveta S. , Kotenko Konstantin V.
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND: Currently, the development and implementation of new effective comprehensive programs for medical rehabilitation of patients who have undergone acute cerebrovascular accident is an important and urgent medical problem. AIMS: To study the effect of combined methods of medical rehabilitation in patients with post-stroke spasticity on cognitive functions and psychoemotional status. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study involved 60 patients who underwent ischemic stroke with movement disorders in the form of hemiparesis with increased muscle tone in the form of spasticity in the long-term period. Patients of the control group (30 people) underwent standard drug therapy and medical rehabilitation, patients of the main group (30 people), against the background of standard drug therapy and medical rehabilitation, used combined physiotherapy methods from the Alpha LED Oxy Light Spa apparatus. Subjective indicators of cognitive impairment (Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale) and psychoemotional defects (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale) were assessed. RESULTS: Immediately after treatment on day 14, cognitive functions significantly improved and the degree of psychoemotional defect decreased, which was confirmed by the MOCA and HADS scales. CONCLUSION: The inclusion of combined physiotherapy methods in the standard complex of medical rehabilitation and treatment of patients after ischemic stroke with movement disorders in the form of hemiparesis contributes to a significant improvement in cognitive functions and a decrease in the degree of psychoemotional impairment.
Involutive changes in the vulvovaginal area
Authors: Surkichin Sergei I. , Kruglova Larisa S. , Apolikhina Inna A. , Mayorov Roman Yu. , Avin Marika
Published: December 2021

Involutional changes in the vulvovaginal area involve a series of transformations leading to vulvovaginal atrophy (VVA) during menopause. Signs and symptoms most often observed in this syndrome: vaginal dryness (54.4100%), dyspareunia (17.677.6%), burning (2.056.9%), itching (7.856.6%) and dysuria (5.936.1%). Other complaints include deformity of the vulva, irritation, and recurrent bacterial infections of the urinary tract or vagina, and yeast infection. Vaginal dryness, dyspareunia and irritation are the symptoms that most affect a woman's quality of life.
The article analyzes modern ideas about the genitourinary syndrome of menopause. The questions of the mechanisms of occurrence are considered, a description of the clinical picture is given. The issues of treatment of atrophy of the vulvovaginal region are discussed in detail, in particular, special attention is paid to physiotherapeutic methods of treatment.
Modern technologies of medical rehabilitation of children with chronic constipation
Authors: Khan Maya A. , Talkovsky Evgeny M. , Petrova Maria S.
Published: December 2021

Medical rehabilitation of children with chronic constipation is a complex system of measures, including: rational nutrition, drug therapy, physiotherapy, physical therapy, massage, et. The main tasks of medical rehabilitation are: normalization of the passage of fecal masses, tone of the sphincter apparatus of the rectum and pelvic floor muscles, restoration of the defecation reflex and reduction of astheno-vegetative disorders. The article describes the methods of physiotherapy used in the treatment of chronic constipation in combination with diet, daily routine, medication, physical therapy and massage: amplipulstherapy, interference therapy, percutaneous electroneurostimulation, high-intensity magnetic therapy, transcranial electrostimulation. Balneotherapy methods are widely used: internal and external application of mineral waters, as well as heat treatment and peloid therapy. Natural and artificial physical factors are assigned differentially, taking into account the type of intestinal motility disorders. One of the promising areas of modern physiotherapy is the study of the combined and combined use of two physical factors that increase the effectiveness of the program of medical rehabilitation of children with chronic constipation. Methods of medical and psychological correction are of great importance in the medical rehabilitation of children with chronic constipation.