bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A deontic possibility modal in Latvian: Personal vs. impersonal uses in a corpus
Authors: Daugavet Anna
Published: July 2021

A corpus-based study of a dedicated deontic possibility modal in Latvian focuses on its impersonal variety with a non-canonical subject in the dative. Normally, drīkstēt ‘may’ and other possibility modals have nominative subjects, while dative subjects are found with expressions of necessity. As distinct from other constructions where non-canonical dative subjects are experiencers, the modals are also used with inanimate subjects.A frequent ellipsis of lexical verbs in the impersonal uses of drīkstēt not only reflects the informal style of the construction but also points to the Russian možno / nel’zja as a possible source, especially when combined with an object in the accusative referring to food. The Russian construction has a meaning of deontic possibility, but its use is restricted to animate subjects. The article claims that the animacy restriction was lifted in Latvian under the influence of the necessity modals in contexts of prohibition.
Importancia del lenguaje cartográfico: análisis de tramo en mapas de ruta, Bogotá-Medellín: 1997, 2006 y 2010
Authors: Córdoba Pinzón Andrea Antonia
Published: July 2021

La gestión de la información para representar distancias y altimetrías encontradas en los mapas de ruta permite visibilizar datos por medio de tablas, gráficas, fotografías, perfiles e imágenes. A partir de lo anterior surge el siguiente interrogante: ¿Es clara la información de distancias y altimetría en los mapas de ruta para un grupo de usuarios de varios niveles? Para dar respuesta en este artículo se propone un ejercicio investigativo de tipo mixto, en el que se utilizó material cartográfico en formato análogo de cuadros de distancias y perfiles de altimetría de los mapas de ruta Bogotá-Medellín y una encuesta semiestructurada. El objetivo de la investigación fue analizar la lectura en los mapas de ruta de la vía Bogotá-Medellín de 1997, 2006 y 2010 realizada por un grupo de usuarios e indagar la claridad, dificultad y formas de
lectura de los cuadros de distancias y perfiles de altimetría.
“No vendemos la tierra”: Oposiciones y contestaciones de una zona rural frente al conflicto de expansión urbana de Bogotá
Authors: Camacho Bonilla Aureliano
Published: July 2021

La puesta en marcha de diversos proyectos de expansión de la ciudad en sus periferias, ha suscitado una serie de conflictos y tensiones entre diversos actores. La zona de transición rural urbana de Usme-Bogotá ha sido el escenario durante más de dos décadas,  de profundas transformaciones territoriales, sociales y económicas, originando la conformación de un movimiento de contestación y oposición campesino en contra del proceso de urbanización. El presente artículo es parte de los resultados de la tesis doctoral titulada “No vendemos la tierra”, una zona rural frente a los proyectos de expansión de Bogotá: contestaciones, resistencias y negociaciones”. El objetivo es comprender  la estructuración y organización  de la comunidad rural en Usme, la definición de sus reivindicaciones, sus modos de acción y legitimación, y  finalmente la apropiación y construcción  del territorio por parte de los actores locales.
Cross-Disciplinary Lessons in an Elementary Public Institution
Authors: Quintero Josefina , Álvarez Diana Yurany , Arcila Andrea
Published: July 2021

This article reports the results of an action-research study, carried out in the fourth grade of a Colombian public elementary school, which sought the integration of the teaching of English and the natural sciences through cross-disciplinary lessons that followed the principles of content-based instruction. Observation, action plan, and evaluation were the ongoing research stages. Interviews, workshops, and the students’ portfolio were the main instruments used to collect data. Results revealed that the cross-disciplinary lessons were appropriate and useful to connect the foreign language learning with other school subjects. Beginner students of English demonstrated an enhancement in the communicative skills and developed contextualized learning strategies, which proved the importance of integrating English with scientific contents as a contribution to curriculum innovations.
English for Academic Purposes Related to Dentistry: Analyzing the Reading Comprehension Process
Authors: Carabelli Patricia
Published: July 2021

The Universidad de la República, in Uruguay, offers reading comprehension in English courses within the career of dentistry for students to access information in this language. The study sought to analyze the fulfilment of the course’s aims and to test the hypothesis that the greater the vocabulary that dentistry students possess, the better they will be able to understand written dentistry texts. A mixed approach, based on interviews and a class survey, was used. Data showed that the course’s objectives were achieved. Participants stated that the course is highly meaningful, and they believed that the previously mentioned correlation exists. However, this could not be statistically verified, which indicates that multiple reading comprehension skills are involved when trying to understand academic texts.
The Socio-Emotional Influence of Past Teachers on Novice English Teachers’ Beliefs
Authors: Rosas-Maldonado Maritza , Durán-Castro Macarena , Martin Annjeanette
Published: July 2021

Teachers’ past learning experiences, also referred to as “apprenticeship of observation,” can affect their beliefs and, in turn, their teaching practices. This study focused on the apprenticeships of observation of Chilean novice English teachers and sought to identify the possible influence of their past English teachers on their teaching and learning views in an English as a foreign language context. The qualitative multiple case study design gathered the narratives of 18 teachers using an open-ended survey and in-depth interviews. Results showed that the teachers’ apprenticeship of observation influenced their socio-emotional and affective views on teaching with a main concern on teacher-student relationships. From a sociocultural perspective, it was found that feelings associated with these experiences helped them understand their own practice.
Relationship between workloads and presenteeism among nursing workers
Authors: Carvalho Deciane Pintanela de , Rocha Laurelize Pereira , Brum Aline Neutzling , Brum Raissa Garcia , Bordignon Simoní Saraiva , Barlem Edison Luiz Devos , Tomaschewski-Barlem Jamila Geri
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the relationship between exposure to workloads and presenteeism among nursing workers in the socio-environmental context of university hospitals. Method: this is a quantitative, cross-sectional and analytical study with 355 nursing workers from two university hospitals in southern Brazil. Data were collected from November 2019 to February 2020. The Workload Scale in Nursing Activities and the Work Limitations Questionnaire were used. Descriptive statistics, variance analysis and Pearson’s correlation test were used. Results: there was a significant correlation between chemical loads and time management; biological loads and time management, physical demand and productivity loss; physiological loads and mental and interpersonal demand, production demand and loss of productivity; psychological loads and production demand. Conclusions: there is a relationship between workloads and nursing presenteeism, verified by limitations and loss of productivity.
Factors associated with unprotected sex in people who consume sexually explicit media
Authors: Araújo Telma Maria Evangelista de , Almeida Priscilla Dantas , Chaves André Felipe de Castro Pereira , Sousa Ellen Cristina da Costa Leite , Nunes Rômulo Veloso , Sousa Álvaro Francisco Lopes de , Fronteira Inês
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the factors associated with sex without the use of condoms in consumers of sexually explicit media (SEM). Methods: Cross-sectional study, with a sample of 172 participants selected and collected through social media. To assess the predictors of unprotected sexual practices, the Poisson regression model was used. Values were expressed as a robust prevalence ratio (PR) with their respective confidence intervals. Results: There was a statistically significant association between, the use of condoms and the type of scenes that the participants prefer (p = 0.03), the preference for films with scenes involving unprotected sex or even those that do not care about protection (p = 0.02), the type of pornography watched influencing sexual relations (p = 0.017), and the number of scenes seen per week (p = 0.05). Conclusions: The lack of condom use was associated with the access to erotic scenes.
The effect of deproteinization methods on the properties of glucosamine hydrochloride from shells of white leg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) and black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon)
Authors: Minh Thuy Le Thi , Truc Tran Thanh , Osako Kazufumi
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT: The effect of methods to remove protein content on the properties of glucosamine hydrochloride from the shells of white leg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) and black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) was investigated. Chitin from shrimp shells was obtained by demineralization in 6% HCl for 12h, deproteinization by two different methods (first group soaked in 8% NaOH for 36h and second group treated in Alcalase enzyme at the concentration of 0.2% for 36h). Two group samples were converted to glucosamine hydrochloride by soaking in 36.76% HCl solution for 5h at 85 °C. The results of fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), solubility and recovery yield analysis showed that deproteinization methods did not significantly affect the properties of glucosamine hydrochloride. However, glucosamine hydrochloride from white leg shrimp shells contained higher recovery yield and solubility than black tiger shrimp shells.
Alternatives for obtaining a continuous cell line from Apis mellifera
Authors: Frühauf Matheus Iuri , Barcelos Lariane da Silva , Botton Nadálin Yandra , Peter Cristina Mendes , Hübner Silvia de Oliveira , Lima Marcelo de , Vargas Gilberto D´Ávila , Fischer Geferson
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT: In worldwide there are reports of a significant decrease in colonies of the species Apis mellifera, caused by several factors, including viral infections. In order to study and diagnose illnesses caused by viruses, in vitro cell culture is used as a valuable tool. Yet, there are still no immortalized cell lines of honey bee Apis mellifera. Primary cell cultures are promising for this purpose and can supply the lack of continuous strains, but their establishment is difficult and laborious, which often makes them unfeasible for many research centers. Through the use of cell immortalization techniques, it is possible to develop continuous cell lines and thus benefit, in different ways, research related to different species of bees. The choice of technique is challenging, since in addition to the ability to remain viable for countless passages, cells must keep the genotype and phenotype similar or identical to the original tissue. This review intends to present methodologies that can be used to immortalize Apis mellifera cells, aiming to establish a cell line. The genotypic and phenotypic implications of each technique are evaluated, and the purpose of the cell line to be developed.
DEMENTIA IN INSTITUTIONALIZED ELDERLY: A NURSING TEAM’S EXPERIENCES AND PERCEPTIONS
Authors: Siewert Josiane Steil , Alvarez Angela Maria , Brito Fabiana Almeida , Santos Silvia Maria Azevedo dos , Santana Rosimere Ferreira , Freitas Maria Alice de
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: to understand nursing workers' experiences with the nursing care provided to elderly individuals with dementia living in a long-term care facility. Method: comprehensive qualitative study conducted in a long-term care facility located in Joinville, Santa Catarina, Brazil, from July to September 2018. Thirteen nursing technicians and one nurse participated. Data were collected using questionnaires, field diaries, individual interviews, and participatory observation. Thematic content analysis was used to interpret content. Results: three themes emerged from data analysis: "Knowledge acquired with practice and gap existing in the care provided to institutionalized elderly individuals with dementia"; "Individualized care provided to elderly individuals and bonding"; and "Conflicts the nursing staff faces when reconciling care needs, the time available, and the facility's routines". These themes originated the central theme: Meanings assigned to the nursing care provided to institutionalized elderly individuals with dementia. By sharing information regarding care actions that obtained positive results, the staff perceived the importance of an individualized approach and of establishing bonds as a therapeutic process. Gaps were identified in the professionals' knowledge regarding how to provide hygiene care when individuals become aggressive, agitated, or resist care. Conclusion: health workers' experience is a source of evidence for evidence-based practice and is also essential to fill in existing gaps between knowledge and care delivery.
‘Nada É Igual’. Variações sobre a Relação Afroindígena
Authors: Goldman Marcio
Published: July 2021

Resumo Este texto visa retomar alguns pontos da chamada relação afroindígena a fim de situar a questão e dissipar malentendidos. Para isso, procede por uma explicitação dos pontos fundamentais que constituem a noção para, em seguida, examinar alguns casos etnográficos - tratados como teorias situadas - que a noção pode iluminar ao mesmo tempo em que é por eles iluminada. A partir desses casos, o foco se volta para a complexidade e potencial da noção de “virar”, tal qual pensada e formulada nas religiões de matriz africana no Brasil. Noção que permite discutir o lugar e a importância das imagens neste e em outros contextos, assim como conectar essa noção com os recentes debates em torno de uma possível “virada ontológica” na antropologia.
LINKING WORKER SAFETY TO PATIENT SAFETY: RECOMMENDATIONS AND BIOETHICAL ISSUES FOR THE CARE OF PATIENTS IN THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Prado Patricia Rezende do , Ventura Carla Aparecida Arena , Rigotti Ariane Ranzani , Reis Renata Karina , Zamarioli Cristina Mara , Souza Fabiana Bolela de , Gimenes Fernanda Raphael Escobar
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: the aim of this article is to discuss the implications of the connection between safety and bioethical issues for evidence-based care during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: reflective analysis with the guiding question: “How can professional and patient safety be linked to bioethical issues during the COVID-19 pandemic?” Results: the COVID-19 pandemic has challenged countries around the world, mainly due to the collapse of the health system that could threaten the safety of patients and healthcare providers. Connecting worker safety to patient safety is imperative for safe care during the COVID-19 pandemic. Aspects related to professional qualification and the provision and proper use of personal protective equipment permeate an environment of economic and political crisis that accentuates tensions and can interfere in decision-making, greatly affecting the results of the care provided. This article presents reflections and recommendations to support healthcare providers in making decisions that involve bioethical issues during the care process in times of scarce resources generated by the COVID-19 pandemic.
Abordagens de aprendizado e sua correlação com ambiente educacional e características individuais em escola médica
Authors: Rossi Giulia Zanata , Fischer João Marcos da Silva , Rocha Sheyla Ribeiro , Casalecchi Gabriel Avila , Avó Lucimar da Silva Retto de , Germano Carla Maria Ramos
Published: July 2021

Resumo: Introdução: A qualidade de aprendizado de estudantes de escolas médicas tem sido tema recorrente da literatura mundial nas últimas décadas, mas há escassez de estudos nacionais acerca do assunto. O ambiente de ensino deve favorecer o aprendizado profundo, por estar intimamente relacionado com uma aprendizagem significativa. Metodologias ativas de aprendizagem são vinculadas a maior qualidade de aprendizado, por propiciarem ambiente favorável ao aprendizado profundo. Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivos avaliar a qualidade do aprendizado de estudantes de Medicina de um curso que adota metodologias ativas de aprendizagem e correlacioná-la com as percepções dos alunos acerca do ambiente educacional e com dados sociodemográficos. Método: Trata-se de estudo descritivo transversal realizado com estudantes do curso de Medicina da Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), do primeiro ao sexto ano. Foram utilizados os instrumentos R-SPQ-2F, DREEM e questionário sociodemográfico. Realizou-se análise descritiva, e compararam-se as frequências por meio do teste do qui-quadrado ou teste exato de Fisher. As diferenças entre médias foram avaliadas por meio de teste t de Student ou teste de Mann-Whitney, quando se compararam somente dois grupos, ou por meio de análise de variância (ANOVA) ou teste de Kruskal-Wallis, quando comparados mais de dois grupos. As associações entre as variáveis quantitativas foram verificadas por meio do coeficiente de correlação de Pearson ou de Spearman. A análise estatística foi realizada com auxílio do programa IBM SPSS Statistics versão 25.0, e adotou-se como parâmetro de significância um valor de p < 0,05. Resultado: Entrevistaram-se 226 alunos. A pontuação média para abordagem profunda foi de 33,52 e, para a abordagem superficial, 17,42. Em relação à percepção do ambiente educacional, a média foi de 129,77 pontos. As variáveis objetivas que demonstraram influência sobre o aprendizado foram: sexo, idade de início do curso, contato prévio com metodologias ativas, prática de idiomas, ter graduação ou pós-graduação prévia, receber auxílio financeiro de familiares e ano da graduação. Conclusão: As metodologias ativas de aprendizagem podem estimular a adoção de estratégias de aprendizado profundo. O estudo dos fatores que influenciam na abordagem de aprendizado é complexo e envolve questões individuais subjetivas.
“De todos os lados, eu me sentia culpada”: o sofrimento mental de estudantes de medicina
Authors: Lourenço Thaís Silva , Bertoldo Angela , Santos Deivisson Vianna Dantas dos , Stefanello Sabrina
Published: July 2021

Resumo: Introdução: O curso de Medicina é conhecido pela alta prevalência de estudantes diagnosticados com algum tipo de transtorno mental. O ingresso e a formação no curso são marcados por inúmeras modificações no estilo de vida que podem influenciar a saúde mental do indivíduo. Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivos compreender como se sentem os alunos de Medicina que relatam fazer acompanhamento psiquiátrico por transtorno mental e também identificar aspectos que influenciam o problema mental deles. Método: Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa desenvolvida por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas, guiadas por um roteiro de perguntas abertas que abordaram temáticas preestabelecidas de acordo com o objetivo da pesquisa. A seleção dos sujeitos se deu por meio da técnica bola de neve, em que o primeiro participante foi convidado a indicar outro aluno e assim sucessivamente, formando uma cadeia de referência. Os critérios de inclusão foram os seguintes: ser estudante de Medicina, estar em acompanhamento psiquiátrico e concordar em participar espontaneamente da pesquisa. As entrevistas foram audiogravadas, transcritas na íntegra e convertidas em narrativas para posterior categorização e análise do conteúdo. Resultado: Analisaram-se sete entrevistas, nas quais as experiências relatadas apontaram para sofrimentos mentais potencializados ao longo do curso. O recebimento do diagnóstico de transtorno mental e a realização de acompanhamento psiquiátrico e psicológico foram descritos como momentos de alívio e de maior compreensão individual. Contudo, o preconceito dos próprios estudantes quanto aos problemas mentais e a constatação desse estigma em seu entorno foram percebidos como causa para se postergar a busca por ajuda. Conclusão: Percebeu-se, por meio das experiências dos alunos de Medicina diante do sofrimento mental, o quanto o estigma é presente mesmo em um curso em que se esperam maior conhecimento e abertura sobre o tema, sendo esse um desafio a ser superado.
A cidadania europeia na escola: complementando o currículo
Authors: Piedade Filipe , Ribeiro Norberto , Malafaia Carla , Loff Manuel , Menezes Isabel , Neves Tiago
Published: July 2021

Resumo O projeto de criação de uma cidadania europeia comum pede aos sistemas educativos dos vários estados-membros da União Europeia (UE) que contribuam para a formação de cidadãos europeus críticos/as e ativos/as relativamente ao objetivo de prossecução e aperfeiçoamento do projeto europeu. Em Portugal, estudos anteriores ao nível do ensino secundário identificaram sérias lacunas, tanto nos currículos como nos manuais escolares de algumas disciplinas, nas abordagens pedagógicas sugeridas para o processo de ensino/aprendizagem acerca dessa dimensão europeia. Neste artigo, procurou perceber-se que tipos de atividades extra e co-curriculares as escolas têm vindo a dinamizar no sentido de complementar essas lacunas. Para tal, foram entrevistados/as 16 professores/as de 4 escolas do ensino secundário português. Os seus discursos permitiram identificar vários tipos de atividades extra e co-curriculares que têm vindo a ser dinamizadas pelas escolas para aumentarem o conhecimento e o nível de reflexividade dos/as estudantes sobre a UE. A análise desses relatos permitiu ainda identificar potencialidades e limitações inerentes ao desenvolvimento destas atividades, assim como produzir algumas recomendações para que as escolas possam dar uma contribuição mais eficaz ao projeto de consolidação de uma cidadania europeia ativa e crítica.
Investigation of the hydraulic conductivity of an unsaturated compacted bentonite/claystone mixture
Authors: Zeng Zhixiong , Cui Yu-Jun , Talandier Jean
Published: July 2021

A pre-compacted MX80 bentonite/Callovo-Oxfordian (COx) claystone mixture has been proposed as a candidate sealing material in a French deep geological repository for high-level radioactive waste. An in-depth understanding of the hydraulic property of this material is essential for accessing the over-pack corrosion and nuclide migration along the gallery. In this study, water flow in the compacted bentonite/claystone mixture was investigated by carrying out infiltration and water retention tests under constant-volume conditions alongside detailed microstructure observation. The evolution of total water hydraulic conductivity with suction was experimentally determined based on the instantaneous profile method. It was observed that the measured total hydraulic conductivity increased slowly at high suctions, then quickly at low suctions and finally approached the saturated value. A new method was developed based on the evolving pore structure, accounting for both vapour and liquid-water hydraulic conductivities. The total hydraulic conductivity predicted by the proposed method agreed well with the measured value, indicating the reliability of the predictive method. The vapour hydraulic conductivity was larger than the liquid-water one at a suction larger than 15·2 MPa, while liquid-water hydraulic conductivity became dominant at a suction lower than 15·2 MPa. In addition, based on the predicted vapour and liquid-water hydraulic conductivities, a numerical model was set up to simulate the water infiltration process. Comparison between the simulation and the measurement showed close agreement, validating the two-phase water flow mechanism in the bentonite/claystone mixture.
Los medios y las redes en México durante la gestación de Cien años de soledad (1961-1967), de García Márquez
Authors: Pineda Buitrago Sebastian
Published: July 2021

El propósito de este artículo es pensar la gestación de Cien años de soledad (1965-1967) como un desafío de la “ciudad letrada” a la “ciudad audiovisual”. Tal novela fue escrita bajo las condiciones materiales de la Guerra Fría en el contexto sociopolítico de México. Coincide con la emergencia de la televisión, pero también con el fin de la época dorada del cine mexicano. Si “los medios determinan nuestra situación” (Kittler, 1999, p. xxxix), este artículo se pregunta si el impacto de la tecnología audiovisual tuvo como respuesta los manuscritos de Melquiades: la milenaria hegemonía textual de la “memoria histórica”.
‘Literatura antioqueña’ en Ediciones Académicas de Rafael Montoya y Montoya: los procesos editoriales y sus agentes en la definición de una tradición literaria
Authors: Salazar Echavarría Alexander
Published: July 2021

Se propone una definición de “literatura antioqueña” a partir de la colección Ediciones Académicas. Para ello se analiza la manera en que los procesos editoriales (recolección bibliográfica, reedición de textos, diseño, críticas a la edición o a sus autores, entre otros) intervienen en la producción y circulación de una “literatura regional”, la cual será entendida como una tradición literaria que sobrevive en el tiempo, en cuanto idea, gracias a la aplicación de estrategias editoriales y al trabajo de diversos agentes, entre ellos el editor, que se encarga de producir una nueva obra a partir de textos ya publicados y dispersos.
El retorno a los ancestros en la palabra de Vito Apüshana
Authors: Nájera Nájera Mildred del Carmen
Published: July 2021

La poesía de Vito Apüshana recrea y celebra el mundo indígena del cual proviene. Allí, la vida se enlaza con la muerte y la conexión con los ancestros mantiene el orden de un universo compuesto de varias dimensiones simultáneas y fluctuantes. Partiendo de los principios de la cosmovisión wayuu, en el presente artículo se analiza cómo el autor, mediante el lenguaje poético, representa la vida como senda hacia la muerte, instancia donde se prolonga la existencia y se retorna a los ancestros.s ancestros.
Literatura tradicional en Colombia: entre el folclor y el olvido
Authors: Freja Adrian
Published: July 2021

El presente artículo analiza y reflexiona sobre el papel de la literatura tradicional en Colombia en el ámbito de los estudios literarios y en las regiones del país. Luego de presentar la carencia de estudios que valoren las expresiones tradicionales, se enuncian hipótesis para explicar el desinterés por parte de la crítica literaria nacional. Enseguida se muestra el creciente interés en términos de producción bibliográfica en las regiones del país y se analiza el papel de estas obras de la literatura tradicional en términos patrimoniales y en relación con la identidad cultural territorial.
El prestigio de la belleza y Donde nadie me espere de Piedad Bonnett: dos Bildungsroman colombianos
Authors: Rengifo Alejandra
Published: July 2021

Bonnett es conocida por su trayectoria poética a nivel nacional e internacional. En su novelística retrata la condición humana desde una perspectiva personal e íntima donde prima el aspecto psicológico. Dos de sus novelas, El prestigio de la belleza y Donde nadie me espere pueden ser consideradas como Bildungsroman gracias a la amplia categorización que da este género teórico, pues muestran cómo los protagonistas llevan a cabo una búsqueda de sí mismos a través de un proceso fenomenológico y psicológico que los modifica y los forma como individuos, logrando así una de las premisas de este tipo de novelas: su autodescubrimiento y autoformación.
Gloria Posada, una voz suave y constante
Authors: Vergara Aguirre Andrés
Published: July 2021

Entrevista con Gloria Posada
Numerical modelling of the oscillatory flow effect around submarine pipeliness
Authors: Yegres Marian , Blanco Álvarez Armando
Published: July 2021

This work describes the dynamics of an underwater pipeline subjected to an incident flow composed of a uniform flow and a sinusoidal component. The motion equations of the pipeline and the fluid flow around the pipeline are solved simultaneously with a numerical model that considers in-line oscillations (one degree of freedom) and a second numerical model that additionally includes cross flow (two degrees of freedom). The amplitude response and drag forces on the pipe are compared for both models considering parameters such as the difference between the excitation and natural frequencies of pipelines and the relative value between the sinusoidal and uniform components of the incident flow. Important differences in numerical predictions of both models are observed when the excitation frequency is greater than the natural frequency of the system and when the amplitude of the oscillatory component of the incident flow is greater than the amplitude of the uniform flow.
PRECLINICAL ATHEROSCLEROSIS AND MODERN METHODS OF ITS DIAGNOSIS
Authors: Rudchenko Ignat V , Tyrenko Vadim V , Kol'tsov Andrey V , Sinopal'nikov Dmitriy O , Kachnov Vasiliy A , Gridneva Anastasiya V , Koroleva Kseniya Yu
Published: July 2021

The article deals with modern methods of diagnosis of pre-clinical atherosclerosis, a new method of assessing arterial stiffness - definition of heart ankle vascular index. Practical value of this parameter for the study of the elastic properties of the vascular wall (bibliography: 35 refs).
RENDERING THE SURGICAL HELP BY THE SHIPS OF THE NAVY IN THE SEA
Authors: Soloviev Ivan A , Balura Oleg V
Published: July 2021

Experience and the increasing dynamics of application of endoscopic and endovideo surgical surgeries on surface ships of Navy is considered in the last decade. Modern low-invasive technologies considerably increase the level of rendering the surgical help in the sea, improve quality of treatment, promote bystreyshy recovery of seamen and their return to execution of the official duties. The case of performance of laparoscopic appendectomy by team of surgeons from Army medical college of S. M. Kirov is described during a fighting campaign in January, 2017. In the conditions of distant campaigns by the ships of Navy at urgent situations it is necessary to expand the volume of endovideosurgeries for improvement of result of treatment of the injured military personnel in the sea. Constant improvement of skills of regular doctors of the ship and the affiliated surgeons from military hospitals is necessary (1 figure, 1 table, bibliography: 7 refs).
PROBLEMS OF PREVENTION OF SUDDEN CARDIAC DEATH IN ARMED FORCES OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors: Tyrenko Vadim V , Ovchinnikov Yu V , Bologov Sergei G , Ignatev Sergey B , Kachnov Vasiliy A , Koltsov Andrey V
Published: July 2021

Currently, in connection with the development of methods for genetic studies, increased attention to the problem of sudden death and its prevention. The majority of stops cardiac activity occur without prior symptoms and is almost always fatal despite resuscitation. At a young age cause of sudden cardiac death often remains unclear even after autopsy, because some diseases, such as channelopathies, or drug-arrhythmia, not associated with any structural changes of the cardiovascular system and result in death in this age group. In recent years, technological progress in the field of genetics has facilitated the study of a large number of genes, which allowed to map several key genes with the reasons for the development of sudden cardiac death, which may allow the stratification of risk in young individuals based on the genetic data (2 figs, bibliography: 38 refs).
USING OF THE NEW TECHNOLOGIES FOR PRODUCING MEDICAL OXYGEN AND APPLICATIONS OF IT IN MILITARY MEDICAL ORGANIZATIONS
Authors: Enikeeva Rimma Airatovna
Published: July 2021

Currently known methods of producing medical oxygen are described. The characteristics, that create restrictions or decide if one method is promising or not in the medical service, have been listed. A retrospective evaluation for the results of the science research and technical testing works carried out in the period from 2004 to 2008 in this direction military and hospital echelons of the medical service of the Russian Federation armed forces has been given. The pressure swing adsorption technology has been described. Blocks and components required to create a mobile installation for the production storage and distribution of the 93% oxygen gas at the stages of medical evacuation in military medical organization has been specified. It has been shown that the technical characteristics of the installation and quality of the 93% medical oxygen gas, depends the most on the adsorbent chosen and components of the installation in general. The creation of a domestic installation based on pressure swing adsorption technology allowing 93% medical oxygen gas production, storage and distribution to the functional units in military medicine jrganisations has been established (bibliography: 9 refs).
New diagnostic criteria for assessing homeostasis in patients with respiratory tuberculosis
Authors: Brazhenko O N , Brazhenko N A , Loshakova A I , Tsygan N V , Zheleznyak S G
Published: July 2021

The search for available informative criteria for diagnosing the state and dynamics of the homeostatic equilibrium of the organism, which began at the end of the XIXth century, continues to the present. Scientific research establishes the priorities for the study of homeostasis in the clinic and its control over the supra-segmental regulatory centers of the autonomic nervous system. The proposed functional, instrumental, immunological, biochemical and hormonal methods for evaluating it in phthisiology for various reasons, including economic ones, cannot be used fully. The modern clinic needs accessible and informative criteria for homeostasis. The theoretical basis for their development was the doctrine of the general adaptation syndrome, which revealed the reaction of «stress» to extreme irritants. The subsequent discovery of changes in the body’s homeostasis to the effect of strong, medium strength, and weak stimuli has made it possible to identify three more types of adaptation reactions: the training reaction, the activation reaction, and the re-activation reaction. At the Department of Phthisiopulmonology of the FirstSt. PetersburgStateMedicalUniversity named after Acad. I.P. Pavlov proposed and tested new diagnostic criteria for homeostasis. They were developed on the basis of quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the formed elements of peripheral blood. Among them, in addition to these types of adaptive reactions of the body, leukocyte- lymphocyte index, indices of monocytogram, degree of disturbance of homeostasis and types of reactivity of the organism were introduced. These criteria allowed us to determine not only the state of homeostatic equilibrium of the organism, but also to assess the depth of its disturbance and the types of reactivity of the organism. Their use in daily clinical work provides an opportunity to monitor the course of the disease and carry out a personified correction by means of pathogenetic therapy.
Correlation between gamma-background of environment and indicators of electrolyte metabolism in patients with arterial hypertension depending on the variant of antihypertensive therapy
Authors: Usenko G A , Vasendin D V , Usenko A G , Shakirova N A , Stavskiy E A , Makarova L I , Mahmudyan D A
Published: July 2021

Arterial hypertension and ischemic heart diseases continue to lead among cardiovascular diseases. In this regard, an importance of fixed-combination antihypertensive therapy is noted. There is an evidence that in years of high solar activity in a group of healthy persons and patients with arterial hypertension and ischemic heart disease reduces the quality of professional activity, cardiovascular diseases exacerbate so that some patients end up developing a heart attack or stroke. There was revealed the correlation between γ-background dynamics of the external environment (within the boundaries of the regional standards) and indicators of electrolyte metabolism in patients with arterial hypertension with different temperament and anxiety, which take an empirical variant of antihypertensive therapy or another variant targeted to the blockade of temperamental peculiarities of psychosomatic status, the most effective antihypertensive therapy was determined. When the power of γ-background in medium was increased, the concentration of potassium and magnesium in blood serum and erythrocytes decreased, but the concentration of sodium increased as the erythrocyte resistance decreased. These shifts are closely related to the increase in osmolar pressure of blood plasma, permeability of erythrocyte membranes for sodium ions, and hemolysis (low resistance of red blood cells, increased indirect bilirubin), and hepatocytes (increase of direct bilirubin). On the background of the targeted antihypertensive therapy the severity of the processes is low and nearly similar to those in healthy persons of corresponding temperament that is the evidence of high efficiency of targeted treatment option.
Features of changes in physiological and psychophysiological indices, as well as of the physical efficiency of the heart, depending on the degree of neurotism in hypoxic conditions
Authors: Blaginin A A , Sinelnikov S N , Dzankisov R A , Dergachev V B
Published: July 2021

Features of hypoxia tolerability by persons with different levels of neurotism are presented. It was found that changes on physiological parameters such as heart rate, arterial pressure and saturation of arterial blood in persons with a high level of neurotism are more pronounced in conditions of hypoxia. In particular, to the 25-30th min. when they stay in altitude chamber, heart rate is enlarged by 38% (p0,01) from initial. The persons with the low level of a neyrotizm, the augmentation of heart rate doesn’t exceed 28% (p0,01). This compensatory physiological reaction helps maintain arterial blood saturation in people with high neurotism by 5,3% (p0,05) more, at people with a low degree of neurotism. However, at the same time at examinees with a high level of neurotism, in comparison with persons with the low level of a neyrotizm more expressed decrease of working capacity of a myocardium on 23,4%. In addition, in persons with a high degree of neurotism, there is a more pronounced negative dynamics of an increase in the time of a complex sensomotorny reaction to 41,57 ms (p0,05) from background level, while in persons with low neurotism only by 26,19 ms (p0,05). Thus, at assessment of an acceptability of a hypoxia, it is necessary to take into account the dependence of changes physiological and psychophysiological indicators and also physical effeciency of heart from degree neyrotizm.
Experience in conducting aftercare for children with consequences of neuroinfections on the basis of the Science Research Institute of Сhildren Infections
Authors: Samoylova I G
Published: July 2021

The experience of medical rehabilitation for children who have undergone neuroinfections and other disorders of the central and peripheral nervous systems on the basis of the Children’s Scientific and Clinical Center of Infectious Diseases is presented. The importance of this problem is determined by the high degree of disability of children with lesions of the nervous system. Based on this center, a two-stage system of medical rehabilitation of children was developed and organized, which transferred the neuroinfections. The first stage is carried out directly in the profile department intended for the treatment of neuroinfections. In this department, children with diseases of the nervous system prevail, infectious and parasitic diseases accounting for 70.2 and 17.6%, respectively. The second stage of medical rehabilitation is conducted in the profile 55-bed rehabilitation department of day and night stay. The department is equipped with robotic medical diagnostic devices. In this department, not only those children who have undergone neuroinfections can be treated, but also with a number of complications arising from other diseases. A two-stage system of medical rehabilitation of children, created on the basis of the Children’s Scientific and Clinical Center for Infectious Diseases, is an exemplary model of providing medical rehabilitation for children. Nevertheless, there was a significant excess of the load on this department for such indicators as: the average length of stay of the patient on the bed, and also the average annual employment of the bed both at the first stage of medical rehabilitation and at the second stage. The data obtained during the study indicate the need to develop and expand the network of these institutions.
Dynamics of homeostasis and the outcome of sarcoidosis of the respiratory system in the treatment of corticosteroids
Authors: Loshakova A I , Brazhenko N A , Zheleznyak S G , Brazhenko O N , Tsygan N V , Kuzmin S G
Published: July 2021

The outcome of sarcoidosis of the respiratory system is closely linked to the state of homeostasis and reactivity. Monitoring their status is possible through immunological, biochemical and hormonal studies. Within common medical institutions re-executing these studies is not always possible for a number of reasons. Therefore, the research for the availability and informative criteria of homeostasis and reactivity state was initiated at the end of XIXth century and continues until now. At the Department of Phthisiopulmonology of the First St.-Petersburg state medical University Academy I. P. Pavlov. University, new accessible and informative diagnostic criteria for estimation the state of homeostatic balance of the organism are developed. They are based on research of the general adaptation syndrome and the discovery of antistress types of adaptive reactions of the organism. In this regard, based on the leukogram evaluation following diagnostic criteria were developed and tested: leukocyte-lymphocytic index, types of adaptive reactions, entropy and redundancy of formed elements of white blood cells, extent of disturbance of homeostasis, indices of proliferation and differentiation of monocytes and reactivity types. Unfortunately, in the pulmonology clinics, they are used today only in single cases. The monitoring of homeostasis and reactivity indicators in patients with respiratory system sarcoidosis had a high working performance. It is established that in sarcoidosis the best treatment effect with corticosteroids with minimal residual changes of respiratory system took place in patients with the appropriate type of reactivity and normal range of other indicators. Pathological reactivity of an organism, especially hyporeactive and areactive types, are always accompanied by formation of pronounced residual sarcoidosis changes in the respiratory tract, which is the basis for the subsequent exacerbation (recurrence) of sarcoidosis.
T2*-magnetic resonance relaxometry of the liver in the quantitative assessment of iron overload
Authors: Titova A M , Trufanov G E , Fokin V A
Published: July 2021

For objective quantitative assessment of iron overload in 60 patients with hemochromatosis of different genesis, T2*-magnetic resonance relaxometry of the liver was performed. The results of the latter were compared with the concentration of serum ferritin, which is by far the most common marker of iron overload. It has been established that T2*-magnetic-resonance relaxometry is a non-invasive, highly effective method of objective quantitative assessment of iron overload in patients of the hematological profile, in comparison with the serum ferritin concentration, which is not specific, since its change can be influenced by inflammatory and neoplastic processes in The organism, often found in patients with oncohematological profile. Thus, according to T2*-magnetic resonance relaxometry of the liver, all patients were divided into two groups: with iron overload and with no overload, the latter among the total number of subjects was 13,3%. The explanation of the increase in serum ferritin concentration in these patients was the presence of identified inflammatory foci in the body. In most patients (86,6%), iron overload was confirmed by T2*-magnetic resonance relaxometry measurements. However, at each degree of overload, there was no clear regularity in the proportional increase in serum ferritin concentration of the intensity of pathological changes revealed by T2*-magnetic resonance relaxometry. Thus, ferritin cannot remain a reliable marker for iron overload. In general, magnetic resonance T2 *-relaxometry provides the most accurate estimate of the degree of iron overload in the liver. T2*-magnetic resonance relaxometry should be included in the protocol of examination of patients with suspicion of the presence of iron overload.
Clinical and instrumental characteristics of traumatic lesions of peripheral nerves of limbs
Authors: Litvinenko I V , Odinak M M , Zhivolupov S A , Bulatov A R , Rashidov N A , Bardakov S N
Published: July 2021

Traumatic injuries of peripheral nerves are caused by domestic, iatrogenic, industrial or military injuries. The estimated frequency of traumatic neuropathies in peacetime in Europe is 1 per 1000, with the highest prevalence among young people of working age. In modern local armed conflicts, the frequency and severity of gunshot injuries increased significantly. In connection with the widespread use of personal protective equipment (helmet, body armor), there is a relative increase in injuries to the limbs. Damage to the peripheral nerve can significantly reduce the patient’s quality of life and lead to severe disability with significant social and personal consequences. A deep understanding of the pathophysiology and molecular basis of damage to the peripheral nerves, achievements in the field of damage topography contributed to the development of microsurgical techniques of treatment. At the same time, there are quite a lot of unresolved issues related to clarifying the mechanisms of degeneration and regeneration in traumatic injuries of peripheral nerves. To determine and select a further tactic for the treatment of traumatic neuropathy, it is necessary to clarify the level, nature and severity of nerve damage. In order to improve the treatment of peripheral nerve injuries, in addition to the clinical-neurological examination, a wide range of additional modern instrumental research techniques are used: electroneuromyography, ultrasound investigation, magnetic resonance tomography.
Lipid status and vascular bloodstream of servicemen with initial liver fibrosis
Authors: Gordienko A V , Zhirkov I I , Serdyukov D Yu
Published: July 2021

Frequency of violations of nutritional status, lipid metabolism, cardiovascular status and large vessels endothelium changes in servicemen with fatty liver dystrophy and early fibrosis are assessed. It is revealed that the prevalence of hepatic pathology with dysmetabolic aetiology in this category has vary from 41 to 67%, increasing in combination with subclinical atherosclerosis. According to the results of the study, it is found out that the fibrotic changes in the liver of servicemen associated with a higher frequency of abdominal obesity (higher body mass index and waist circumference), dyslipidemia and structural atherogenic changes of common carotid arteries intima-media complex by type of subclinical atherosclerosis. Have been determined that a violation of the liver elasticity revealed during conducting of transient elastography on servicemen with initial fibrosis meets I-II stage. In the same group with biochemical study increased hepatic biochemical parameters of cytolysis and cholestasis that may indicate activation of inflammatory reactions and transition from fatty hepatosis to more severe stage of steatohepatitis are revealed. A possible mechanism of relationship of obesity, liver fibrosis and atherosclerotic changes of endothelium is proposed. A primary role of fibrosis in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease as a risk factor for the progression of hepatic and cardiovascular pathology in young men was determined.