bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Design and commissioning of a high-temperature electrochemical cell for hard x-ray in-operando studies
Authors: Calderon Oliver , Birss Viola , Trudel Simon
Published: February 2025

Solid oxide cells are a promising technology that can both utilize fuel efficiently in fuel cell mode (SOFC) and store energy as fuel in electrolysis mode (SOEC). Of particular interest is the ability to use clean and renewable energy to both electrolyze water to make hydro- gen fuel, and break down CO2 combustion products into valuable products such as syngas (H2 + CO). As a potential cornerstone of a closed-loop sustainable energy system, we must advance our understanding of the electrocatalysts incorporated in solid-oxide cells to accelerate the energy transition. Operando x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) is a proven tool for the element-specific characterization of low temperature electrochemical cells, since it provides local structural and chemical information on the catalyst. However, operando techniques are challenging to apply to SOC studies because their real-world operating conditions are more demanding. Here we present an experimental apparatus designed to perform XAS on working electrochemical cells under realistic operating conditions. This cell design is adaptable to any beamline, and can be configured to probe both fuel and air electrodes in oxidizing and reducing atmospheres. We present data from commissioning at the SXRMB beamline, demonstrating the ability to obtain XAS and electrochemical measurements from cells at high temperatures. This apparatus has the potential to reveal new insights about SOC mechanism, leading to more directed design of efficient catalysts.
The up’s and down’s of internal conversion
Authors: Manian Anjay , Chen Zifei , Sullivan Hugh , Russo Salvy
Published: February 2025

Internal conversion is a vital vibronic loss mechanism which competes with all other photophysical mechanisms, and available in the literature is a plethora of information on the subject. However, this data is often difficult to penetrate due to its complexity. As well, due to the sheer number of methods, it is often difficult to understand which method is better for certain systems. This comprehensive review on the state of the art explores the history of internal conversion and provides context to its evolution up to modern quantum chemistry. We highlight the most prevalent methods used to study atomic systems, where they rise, and where they fall. Crucially, we note each methods and the corresponding results in a simplified manner, and thread everything together to elucidate how everything is related. This tapestry illustrating the up’s and down’s of internal conversion will aid researchers in their study of new and innovative materials, and provides a vital comparison of methods not easily gained.
Defluorinative Coupling of (NH)-Heteroarenes and Unactivated Vinyl Fluorides Enabled by Metal–Organic Frameworks
Authors: Keasler Kaitlyn , Kim Jaehwan , Pitolaj Julia , Milner Phillip
Published: February 2025

N-vinyl azoles are prevalent moieties in pharmaceuticals, and fluorovinyl groups are widely recognized as carbonyl bi-oisosteres in drug design. Thus, N-fluorovinylated heteroarenes represent highly desirable functional groups in medicinal chemistry. To streamline the development of novel N-fluorovinylation and N-pentafluoropropenylation reactions, herein we safely handle fluorinated gases, such as vinylidene fluoride (VDF) and hexafluoropropene (HFP), as solid reagents using a metal–organic framework (MOF), Mg2(dobdc) (dobdc4− = 2,5-dioxidobenzene-1,4-dicarboxylate). Free (NH)-heteroarenes react directly with VDF via a defluorinative pathway under mild conditions, yielding terminal N-fluorovinylated products. Various complex, biologically active molecules smoothly undergo N-fluorovinylation under these conditions in much higher yields than with the gas alone. Mechanistic investigations, including deuterium incorpo-ration experiments and density functional theory calculations, suggest that this transformation represents a rare example of a concerted nucleophilic vinylic substitution (SNV) process. This protocol can be performed on gram scale, and the resulting N-fluorovinyl moieties can be further diversified to yield valuable motifs, such as N-fluorocyclopropyl groups. Finally, this defluorinative coupling can be generalized to other fluorinated alkene gases, such as HFP. Overall, this robust defluorinative coupling offers a straightforward strategy for synthesizing diverse fluorinated heteroarenes from readily available starting materials, providing broad access to these valuable motifs for the first time.
A Novel Nucleic Acid Analogue (eTNA) Enhances Oligonucleotide Exonuclease Resistance Through End Capping
Authors: Mei Hui , Wen Junlin , Zhang Chunlei , Chen Xue , Dai Ziwen , Li Mengting , Ma Wenjian , Huang Xiaoluo , Xiong Chenghe
Published: February 2025

End capping of oligonucleotides by modified nucleotides is essential for boosting resistance to 3’ exonuclease degradation, thereby enhancing their stability and therapeutic efficacy in vivo. However, the rationale behind these modifications remains unclear. In this study, we designed a novel nucleic acid analog, eTNA, by replacing deoxyribose with the α-D-erythrofuranosyl moiety. As an epimer of TNA (threose nucleic acid), it combines structural features from inverted-dT and TNA, both known for enhancing resistance against 3’-exonucleases. On top of this, we systematically investigated the stability of a series of oligonucleotides capped with inverted-dT, TNA and eTNA at the 5’-, 3’-, or both ends. The structural differences between eTNA and natural dT help to understand how the sugar ring's conformation and rigidity affect duplex stability and exonuclease resistance. Our experimental and theoretical results show that the modified furanose affects the binding positions of terminal nucleotides in the phosphodiesterase active site, preventing phosphodiester hydrolysis. Our mechanic study should benefit future therapeutic oligonucleotide design with end capping.
Hexadehydro Diels–Alder/Alkynyliodanation Cascade: A Highly Regioselective and Expedient Entry to Polycyclic Aromatics
Authors: Yoshikai Naohiko , Morohashi Shunya , Zhou Liejin , Kanemoto Kazuya , Kwon Eunsang
Published: February 2025

We report here a cascade process that integrates the hexadehydro Diels–Alder (HDDA) reaction with alkynyliodanation of the resulting aryne, enabling the efficient synthesis of highly substituted aryl-λ3-iodanes. By simply heating a mixture of a tetrayne, consisting of tethered 1,3-diynes, and an alkynylbenziodoxole, the tetrayne-derived aryne undergoes highly regioselective insertion into the alkynyl–iodine(III) bond, producing a 1,4-dialkynyl-2-iodanyl-3-arylbenzene derivative in good yield. Notably, the observed regioselectivity contrasts with the typical regioselectivity patterns reported in related HDDA/aryne trapping reactions, likely due to steric factors influencing the four-centered transition states. The unique regiochemical arrangement of the iodanyl, alkynyl, and aryl substituents offers a versatile platform for subsequent π-extension reactions. These downstream transformations enable the divergent construction of polyaromatic frameworks, such as helicenes and cyclopenta[cd]pyrenes, underscoring the utility of aryne carboiodanation in complex aromatic synthesis.
Postfeminism at play: Pretend play with Disney princess transmedia in the early childhood education classroom
Authors: Valade Tifanie
Published: February 2025

This article examines how young children take up gender and sexuality discourses embedded in Disney Princess transmedia narratives and merchandise. A feminist ethnographic study conducted in two Canadian early childhood education and care (ECEC) classrooms found that young children often take up stereotypically gendered, heteronormative roles from princess transmedia during pretend play. The author contends that princess play includes problematic postfeminist themes, yet also offers agentic, pleasurable roles for children to embody. Disney’s hyperfeminine princess aesthetic is sometimes utilized by girls to subvert inequitable gender hierarchies and claim powerful positions within play scenarios. However, femmephobia can result in reinforcement of hegemonic gender discourses via gender policing. Implications for gender equity in ECEC environments are discussed.
The neurolinguistic approach (NLA) to second or foreign language acquisition: An attempt to adapt this method to DELF exam preparation
Authors: Sgueglia Valeria Emi
Published: February 2025

The neurolinguistic approach (NLA), a teaching method for French in particular, and for second or foreign language acquisition in general, transforms the conception of language learning processes and, therefore, teaching strategies. This note from the field provides an appraisal of the implementation of this method within a group of learners who, at the time, were demonstrating signs of lower self-confidence and engagement in their studies. It also provides an account of the author’s attempt to adapt the strategies of the NLA to the exam context and requirements of the Diplôme d’études en langue française (DELF), which corresponds to the first four levels of the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages.
Determination of papaverine hydrochloride and dibazole in the combined presence by derivative spectrophotometry
Authors: Shestopalova N. B.
Published: February 2025

UV-visible spectrophotometry is one of the methods widely used in pharmaceutical analysis. Difficulties that arise when analyzing systems containing components with overlapping absorption spectra can be overcome by differentiating the spectral data. In accordance with the principles of «green» analytical chemistry, the use of derivative spectrophotometry (DSP) in routine analysis is environmentally safer and more cost-effective than chromatography. The paper presents the results of assessing the possibility of determining papaverine hydrochloride (PPH) and dibazole (bendazole hydrochloride, BDH) without preliminary separation by the first-order DSP method at «zero-crossing». The zero-order absorption spectra of hydrochloric acid solutions of PPH and BDH and their first derivatives were studied, obtained using spectrophotometer software when scanning through 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, and 1.0 nm and differentiation (Δλ) from 1 to 80 nm. The influence of Δλ on the shape, dA/dλ values, position of extrema and «zero-crossing» with the wavelength axis of the derivative spectra has been established. The optimal differentiation parameters were determined for analysis of binary mixture: scanning the absorption spectrum through 0.2 nm, Δλ = 2 nm, scaling factor — 100. Analytical wavelengths at which the concentrations of components are directly proportional to the dA/dλ value were 247.2 and 212.6 nm for PPH and BDH respectively. The method was tested on model solutions; the accuracy of determination varied for BDH — from 97 to 105%, for PPH — from 96 to 103%. A simple and easily implemented method for determining PPH and BDH in one unit of dosage form has been developed, with the help of which «Papazol» tablets from two domestic manufacturers were analyzed. The relative standard deviation of the analysis results does not exceed 0.04. Checking the correctness of the methodology, carried out using the Vierordt method, confirmed the absence of systematic error.
Low coverage of hepatitis D virus testing in individuals with hepatitis B virus and HIV, the Netherlands, 2000 to 2022
Authors: Boyd Anders , Smit Colette , van der Eijk Annemiek A , Zaaijer Hans , Rijnders Bart JA , van Welzen Berend , Claassen Mark AA , Pogány Katalin , de Vries-Sluijs Theodora EMS , de Coul Eline Op , van der Valk Marc ,   on behalf of the ATHENA observational cohort
Published: February 2025

Background

Since 2009, European guidelines recommend individuals with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and HIV be tested for hepatitis D virus (HDV).

Aim

To analyse HDV testing in individuals with HBV/HIV during routine practice in the Netherlands.

Methods

We assessed data from the ATHENA cohort of people with HIV who were ever HBV surface antigen-positive, aged ≥ 18 years and attended one of 24 HIV treatment centres in the Netherlands during 2000–22. Using longitudinal analysis, we estimated the percentage of individuals ever tested for HDV (antibody or RNA test) over time. In cross-sectional analysis, determinants for ever being tested by end of follow-up were assessed using relative risk regression.

Results

We identified 1,715 individuals with HBV/HIV; 1,460 (85.1%) and 255 (14.9%) were male and female at birth, respectively (median age: 52 years; IQR: 42–59). Only 249 (14.5%) had an HDV test. The percentage tested increased from 5.0% (95% CI: 3.4–7.3) in 2000 to 17.0% (95% CI: 14.9–19.3) in 2022. In 2022, 16.2% (95% CI: 13.7–19.1) of men who have sex with men, 25.0% (95% CI: 9.7–50.9) of persons who inject(ed) drugs and 18.1% (95% CI: 14.6–22.3) of heterosexual/others were tested. In multivariable analysis, ever having an HDV test was associated with detectable HBV DNA viral load (p < 0.001), ever presenting with elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels (p = 0.023), advanced fibrosis/cirrhosis (p = 0.001) and being overweight/obese (p = 0.043).

Conclusions

HDV testing coverage in the Netherlands is low for individuals with HBV/HIV. Although testing was more common in those with advanced liver disease, a considerable proportion at risk of HDV still need testing.
Adenovirus type 7d outbreak associated with severe clinical presentation, Finland, February to June 2024
Authors: Heinonen Santtu , Erra Elina , Lundell Richard , Nyqvist Aino , Hepo-oja Pilvi , Mannonen Laura , Jarva Hanna , Loginov Raisa , Lindh Erika , Lakoma Leif , Kangaspunta Petri , Laaksi Ilkka , Pitkäpaasi Marjaana , Savolainen-Kopra Carita , Nikkari Simo , Nohynek Hanna , Helve Otto , Ruotsalainen Eeva , Ikonen Niina
Published: February 2025

We report an adenovirus outbreak with unusually severe clinical presentation, particularly in military conscripts and their close contacts. During 1 February–30 June 2024, 129 patients with adenovirus infection were hospitalised, 30 were admitted to ICU, 10 required ECMO treatment and six died. Cases consisted of 75 conscripts (58.1%) and 54 civilians (41.9%). Most samples were type 7 (97/108; 89.8%); all 24 sequenced samples were subtype 7d. During 1 August–30 November 2024, 274 additional hospitalised cases were identified from registries.
Influenza vaccine effectiveness against detected infection in the community, France, October 2024 to February 2025
Authors: Blanquart François , Vieillefond Vincent , Visseaux Benoit , Abou Chakra Claire Nour , Nunes Marta C , Jacques Alexandra , Haim-Boukobza Stephanie , Josset Laurence , Wehrle Valentin , Deleglise Guillaume , Duret Thomas , Rameix-Welti Marie Anne , Lina Bruno , Enouf Vincent ,   on behalf of the RELAB study group, Bal Antonin
Published: February 2025

Influenza circulates at high levels in Europe since November 2024. Using a test-negative study based on data from French community laboratories between October 2024 and February 2025, we estimated vaccine effectiveness (VE) against PCR-detected influenza infection (44,420/15,052; positive/negative individuals). For all age groups, the overall VE was 42% (95% CI: 37–46%), with 26% (95% CI: 18–34%) against influenza A and 75% (95% CI: 66–82%) against influenza B. Among individuals ≥ 65-year-olds VE was 22% (95% CI: 13–30%) and among 0–64-year-olds, 60% (95% CI: 56–65%).
Peer review of the pesticide risk assessment of the active substance daminozide
Authors:   European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), Álvarez Fernando , Arena Maria , Auteri Domenica , Leite Sofia Batista , Binaglia Marco , Castoldi Anna Federica , Chiusolo Arianna , Colagiorgi Angelo , Colas Mathilde , Crivellente Federica , De Lentdecker Chloe , De Magistris Isabella , Egsmose Mark , Fait Gabriella , Ferilli Franco , Broussarad Monica Fittipaldi , Santonja German Giner , Gouliarmou Varvara , Halling Katrin , Ippolito Alessio , Istace Frederique , Jarrah Samira , Kardassi Dimitra , Kienzler Aude , Lanzoni Anna , Lava Roberto , Leuschner Renata , Linguadoca Alberto , Louisse Jochem , Lythgo Christopher , Magrans Oriol , Mangas Iris , Mioč Andrea , Miron Ileana , Molnar Tunde , Padovani Laura , Padricello Vincenzo , Panzarea Martina , Parra Morte Juan Manuel , Piti Alexandra , Rizzuto Simone , Romac Anamarija , Rortais Agnès , Santos Miguel , Serafimova Rositsa , Sharp Rachel , Szentes Csaba , Terron Andrea , Theobald Anne , Tiramani Manuela , Vianello Giorgia , Villamar‐Bouza Laura
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The conclusions of the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) following the peer review of the initial risk assessments carried out by the competent authorities of the rapporteur Member State Czech Republic and co‐rapporteur Member State Hungary for the pesticide active substance daminozide are reported. The context of the peer review was that required by Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No 844/2012, as amended by Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No 2018/1659. The conclusions were reached on the basis of the evaluation of the representative uses of daminozide as a plant growth regulator in ornamentals (field and greenhouse). The reliable end points, appropriate for use in regulatory risk assessment, are presented. Missing information identified as being required by the regulatory framework is listed. Concerns are identified.
CHAOS THEORY AND ITS IMPLICATIONS IN PHYSICAL SYSTEMS
Authors: Gurikar Shivaraj G
Published: February 2025

Chaos theory is a transformative field of mathematics and science that examines the behavior of dynamic systems highly sensitive to initial conditions. Often described as the "butterfly effect," this sensitivity implies that even minuscule changes in a system's starting state can result in vastly different outcomes, making long-term predictions challenging despite deterministic governing laws. Originating from studies of non-linear dynamics, chaos theory has redefined our understanding of predictability and randomness, offering profound insights into physical systems and beyond. In physical systems, chaos theory reveals the unpredictable yet structured nature of phenomena such as fluid turbulence, climate variability, and mechanical motion. Turbulent flows in fluids, governed by the Navier-Stokes equations, exhibit deterministic chaos, where small perturbations cascade into large-scale changes. Similarly, the Earth's climate system, influenced by countless interconnected processes, demonstrates chaotic dynamics that limit precise forecasting while enabling probabilistic modeling. In mechanical and electrical systems, simple setups like double pendulums or Chua circuits exemplify chaotic oscillations, with applications ranging from secure communication to random number generation.Beyond classical physics, chaos theory intersects with quantum mechanics, cosmology, and emerging fields such as artificial intelligence and biomedical science. It aids in understanding quantum-classical transitions, the stability of planetary systems, and even human physiological rhythms like heartbeats and neural activity. This paper explores chaos theory's foundational principles, its manifestation in physical systems, and its interdisciplinary applications. By highlighting the balance between deterministic laws and unpredictable outcomes, chaos theory underscores the complexity and interconnectedness of the natural world. Its insights not only deepen our comprehension of physical systems but also pave the way for innovative approaches in science, technology, and engineering.
Identificación de bacterias asociadas a síntomas en follaje de ajo en dos localidades de Guanajuato
Authors: Navarro-León Martha Juana , Raya-Pérez Juan Carlos , Aguirre-Mancilla César Leobardo , Covarrubias-Prieto Jorge , Pérez-Moreno Luis , Ramírez-Pimentel Juan Gabriel
Published: February 2025

Las bacterias patógenas son responsables de grandes afectaciones en los principales cultivos, causan desde daños moderados hasta pérdida total. En plantas de ajo cultivadas durante el ciclo otoño-invierno 2016-2017 en dos localidades, Celaya e Irapuato (estado de Guanajuato, México), se detectaron síntomas de estrías amarillas en el margen de la hoja desde los dos meses después de la siembra. El objetivo de este trabajo fue aislar e identificar los agentes causales asociados a estos síntomas. A partir de 62 muestras de follaje con manifestaciones características de la enfermedad en tres materiales de ajo, se obtuvieron 74 aislados bacterianos puros y se seleccionaron los 13 más representativos, según su morfología colonial, que fueron identificados molecularmente por amplificación y secuenciación del gen ribosomal 16S. Para la localidad de Celaya se identificaron las especies Pantoea agglomerans, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Erwinia persicina, Bacillus megaterium y Bacillus mojavensis y para Irapuato Bacillus aryabbattai, B. amyloliquefaciens, B. megaterium, Erwinia persicina. Estas bacterias resultaron ser de importancia fitosanitaria en la fase de desarrollo vegetativo y formación de bulbo, pues se lograron recuperar a partir de tejido dañado obtenido de plantas previamente inoculadas. Hasta donde se sabe, este es el primer reporte de la presencia de dichas bacterias relacionadas con los síntomas descritos en cultivos de ajo y con el deterioro de los bulbos durante su almacenamiento poscosecha.
AVANÇOS E RETROCESSOS NA POLÍTICA DO PROGRAMA NACIONAL DO LIVRO DIDÁTICO: UMA ANÁLISE DOS GOVERNOS ENTRE OS ANOS DE 1996 A 2022
Authors: Alves José Luiz , Magalhães Nadja Regina Sousa , Viecheneski Juliana Pinto , Nascimento Franc-Lane Sousa Carvalho do
Published: February 2025

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo discutir a respeito dos avanços e retrocessos em relação ao Programa Nacional de Distribuição de Livros e Materiais Didáticos – PNLD, uma vez que, os livros didáticos constituem-se em recursos de apoio para a prática educativa, assim como suporte para o estudante e para o fomento da prática da leitura, entendida como base para a formação social e para o desenvolvimento de um novo modelo cultural, capaz de atender todas as demandas da sociedade e proporcionar a instrução de cidadãos críticos e questionadores, que busquem um modo de vida voltado para a sustentabilidade. Esta pesquisa qualitativa, de caráter documental, analisou os Programas do PNLD que foram realizados entre os anos de bases governamentais entre 1996 a 2022. Observa-se que o PNLD desempenha um importante papel como parte da política pública educacional do Estado. Passou por inúmeras modificações ao longo dos anos, assim como seu modo de funcionamento também sofreu alterações no decorrer da sua história. Embora o processo avaliativo dos materiais didáticos tenha propiciado avanços no que tange ao conteúdo, abordagens pedagógicas e aspectos gráficos, as coleções ainda apresentam limitações e dada a sua importância como produto cultural e tecnológico, necessitam ser constantemente avaliadas, mediante critérios rigorosos que colaborem para que alcancem sintonia em relação aos avanços das pesquisas no campo da educação, bem como das diretrizes e orientações curriculares contemporâneas.
O DESIGN INSTRUCIONAL E A CRIAÇÃO DE EXPERIÊNCIAS DE APRENDIZAGEM SIGNIFICATIVAS POR INTERMÉDIO DA TECNOLOGIA
Authors: Marques Marilda Aldiliana
Published: February 2025

Este artigo examina a importância do design instrucional como abordagem que conecta tecnologia e educação para criar experiências de aprendizagem eficazes e envolventes. A pesquisa aborda a problemática da resistência à adoção de tecnologias digitais de informação e comunicação (TDIC), especialmente em ambientes educacionais públicos, e questiona como o design instrucional pode mediar essa integração. Parte-se da hipótese de que o uso sistemático das TDIC, por meio do design instrucional, pode transformar práticas pedagógicas, tornando-as mais acessíveis, colaborativas e adaptadas às demandas contemporâneas. O estudo fundamenta-se em pesquisa bibliográfica, abrangendo contribuições de diferentes autores sobre o tema. Os resultados indicam que o design instrucional desempenha papel central no planejamento educacional, ao alinhar intencionalidade pedagógica e tecnologia para atender às necessidades de aprendizagem de maneira inovadora. Conclui-se que sua implementação é essencial para superar barreiras na educação formal e para promover uma pedagogia mais inclusiva e dinâmica.
FUNDAMENTOS E ATUAÇÃO DO DESIGN INSTRUCIONAL: O Impacto Da Tecnologia No Design Instrucional E Na Educação
Authors: Damasceno Valdirene Aparecida Pereira
Published: February 2025

Este paper teve como objetivo abordar os conceitos básicos da área do Design Instrucional (DI) na Educação e apresentar alguns dos seus desafios presentes na sua atuação, principalmente por ser uma área que vem crescendo a cada dia, através da Educação a Distância (EaD). A modalidade do EaD vem aumentando sua procura principalmente devido ao avanço das tecnologias digitais e aos inúmeros benefícios que esse ensino proporciona aos educandos, assim cabe ao DI decidir qual recurso é mais adequado e produtivo. A metodologia abordada foi através de pesquisas abrangentes em artigos e obras literárias cujo tema aborda a temática e sua atuação nos contextos educacionais, se enquadrando em uma pesquisa bibliográfica. Os estudos selecionados nesta pesquisa, indicam que esse profissional tem a habilidade de deixar o ambiente virtual mais atrativo para todos os envolvidos, ressaltando a importância dele no processo educacional, já que o DI desempenha um papel crucial na concepção de implementações de materiais educacionais, pois o seu foco de trabalho deve ser de facilitador do processo ensino-aprendizagem, tanto para os alunos como dos demais profissionais. Para o sucesso profissional desse Design é importantíssimo o aprimoramento da ética profissional, pois essa quando bem desenvolvida desempenha a característica de não reproduzir estigmas e preconceitos da sociedade nos projetos educacionais, resultando assim, no impacto positivo no processo pedagógico.
SINAPSES E INOVAÇÕES: A CONEXÃO ENTRE NEUROCIÊNCIA, TECNOLOGIA E EDUCAÇÃO
Authors: Nunes Cleonice Lucimar Ribeiro
Published: February 2025

O artigo teve como objetivo investigar a integração entre neurociência e tecnologia no contexto educacional, com ênfase na aprendizagem colaborativa e no impacto dessas áreas no ensino presencial e na educação a distância (EAD). A pesquisa abordou a relevância da neurociência como campo interdisciplinar, destacando sua contribuição para a compreensão dos processos cognitivos e comportamentais que influenciam o aprendizado. Paralelamente, analisou-se como a tecnologia pode ser utilizada para criar metodologias pedagógicas mais dinâmicas e eficazes, promovendo maior engajamento e personalização. Para fundamentar o estudo, realizou-se uma pesquisa bibliográfica, conforme descrita por Eco (2010), que consistiu na organização e análise de dados provenientes de obras acadêmicas de referência, sem a pretensão de esgotar a literatura existente, mas com o propósito de explorar conceitos relevantes e aplicações práticas. Entre os resultados, destacou-se que a neurociência e a tecnologia, quando integradas, podem potencializar o ensino por meio de estratégias que respeitam os limites cognitivos do cérebro humano, promovendo maior interação, retenção do conhecimento e inclusão educacional. O estudo também ressaltou a importância de criar experiências pedagógicas que combinem práticas colaborativas e o uso de recursos tecnológicos inovadores, tanto no ensino presencial quanto no EAD. Concluiu-se que essa convergência representa uma abordagem promissora para a educação contemporânea, além de abrir caminhos para futuras pesquisas que aprofundem as relações entre essas áreas.
Intercultural Competence in English Language Teaching: Navigating Cultural Taboos in the Arab Gulf
Authors: Spathopoulou Filomachi , Pitychoutis Konstantinos M.
Published: February 2025

This study explores the influence of cultural taboos on English Language Teaching (ELT) within the Arab Gulf region, where societal norms and Islamic traditions significantly shape pedagogical approaches. It identifies educators’ primary challenges, such as navigating culturally sensitive topics like religion, gender roles, and family dynamics, which impact curriculum design, classroom interactions, and material selection. A recent literature review and thematic analysis reveal strategies for addressing these challenges, including contextualised materials, role-playing, and reflective exercises. These methods indirectly enable teachers to engage with cultural taboos, fostering student participation while respecting local sensitivities. The study emphasises the importance of intercultural competence as a critical skill for educators, equipping them to mediate cultural dynamics and create inclusive learning environments. Findings indicate that culturally responsive teaching facilitates language acquisition and promotes empathy and understanding among students from diverse cultural backgrounds. Implications include the need for ongoing professional development for ELT practitioners, focusing on strategies to balance cultural respect with pedagogical objectives. Addressing these issues, the research contributes to advancing culturally competent language education, offering practical solutions for integrating cultural sensitivity into ELT practices in the Gulf region and beyond.
A review of the most important extraction methods from medicinal plants
Authors: Mohamed Baqer Hussine AlMOSAWI
Published: February 2025

The first and most important stage in creating plant compositions is extraction. The development of conventional herbal treatments can be effectively advanced by using contemporary extraction techniques. The creation of contemporary sample preparation methods for the extraction and analysis of medicinal plants that offer notable benefits over traditional approaches is probably going to be crucial to the overall endeavor to guarantee that consumers around the world can obtain high-quality herbal products. The development of analytical techniques for the examination of the components found in botanical and herbal remedies depends critically on sample preparation. The use of medicinal plants in traditional medicine to cure common ailments like colds and fevers, as well as other therapeutic claims, has recently attracted a lot of attention due to solid scientific evidence. The study of medicinal plants began with extraction techniques that are essential to the extraction results (such as yield and phytochemical content) and the ensuing assays carried out. These days, a vast array of technologies with various extraction techniques are accessible. Therefore, in order to assess the methods' applicability and economic viability, this review aims to characterize and contrast the most widely used approaches according to their principles, strengths, and limitations.
Creating a culture of care: Implementing the I-CORT Framework 2.0 in teacher preparation
Authors: Tracy Hudson
Published: February 2025

Creating a culture of care in educational spaces is essential for fostering inclusive and supportive learning environments. The I-CORT Framework 2.0 —Intentionality, Intersectionality, Care, Optimism, Respect, and Trust—provides a structured approach to cultivating this culture, ensuring that all students are seen as able, valuable, and responsible. Traditional teacher preparation programs often lack a comprehensive model for embedding care-centered pedagogies, particularly in physical education and broader classroom settings. The I-CORT Framework 2.0 addresses this gap by equipping preservice teachers with the necessary skills to create inviting educational climates that enhance student engagement and well-being. With the increasing demand for educational environments that support both social-emotional and academic growth, integrating the I-CORT Framework 2.0 into teacher preparation programs is a necessary step toward transforming schools into spaces where all students thrive. By doing so, institutions of higher education can align with K-12 efforts in fostering care-based pedagogies, ensuring a seamless transition in creating supportive learning communities.
Determination of ibuprofen by high performance liquid chromatography
Authors: Mohammed Nawfal Abdul Mageda  , Amal H. Mehmed  , Hussein Ali Al-Bahrania
Published: February 2025

Ibuprofen in its pure form and in pharmaceutical formulations (tablets and suspension-dose forms) was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The analysis was performed on a C18 column (3.9 mm × 150 mm, 5 μm) with a mobile phase consisting of methanol-water-phosphoric acid in ratios [75:24.7:0.3] respectively, and a flow rate of 0.8 mL/min. A UV detector with a wavelength of 214 nm was used. The results were linear in the range of 3,125-100,000 μg/mL for ibuprofen. Correlation coefficients were R = 0.999993 The relative standard deviations (n = 6) for the daytime assay and the inter-day assay were 0.152%, 0.382% This method was characterized by high precision and accuracy and is suitable for quality control in the pharmaceutical industries.
Prediction of GGBS based geopolymer concrete strength by using machine learning
Authors: Shruthi H C  , Harapanahalli Harsha  , Akkasali Neelakantachari
Published: February 2025

The aim of the present study is to develop a compressive strength machine learning model that matches the conventional laboratory technique by means of machine learning. The entire operation consists of casting cubes of the 150mm dimension of geopolymer concrete based on the mixture of various Molarities of Ground Granulated Oven Slag. Cube has been evaluated by various laboratory techniques under compression. Data were utilized in machine learning modelling. 80% of the actual data examined were utilized for training and 20% for testing. The modelling is performed in the Python language using linear regression and artificial neural network.
Editorial note
Authors: Valdés Villanueva Luis M. , García Rodríguez Ángel
Published: February 2025

Editorial note
THE INFLUENCE OF INSIDE WORK AND OUTSIDE WORK WELL-BEING FACTORS ON ACTUAL AND FUTURE TRAVEL DESTINATION CHOICE
Authors:   University of Debrecen, Institute of Public Health and Epidemiology, Debrecen, Hungary, KINCZEL Antonia , LENGYEL Attila ,   Debrecen University, Coordination and Research Centre for Social Sciences, Faculty of Economics and Business, Debrecen, Hungary, PÁLINKÁS Réka ,   University of Nyíregyháza, Institute of Physical Education and Sports Science, Hungary, BABA BÁCSNÉ Éva ,   University of Debrecen, Institute of Sports Economics and Management, Faculty of Economic Sciences, Debrecen, Hungary, MÜLLER Anetta ,   University of Debrecen, Institute of Sport Economics and Management, Debrecen, Hungary; Selye János University, Department of Pedagogy, Faculty of Education, Komarno, Slovakia
Published: February 2025

The study aims to analyze the impact of workplace and non-workplace well-being factors, along with demographic
characteristics, on Hungarian employees' travel habits and preferences. This research investigates the interplay between wellbeing factors and travel preferences, emphasizing the potential implications for employee satisfaction and organizational
strategies. A quantitative approach was employed, utilizing a structured online questionnaire distributed to randomly selected
Hungarian employees from diverse industries. The collected data were analyzed using statistical techniques, including
correlation and regression analysis, to identify significant predictors and relationships. The findings underscore that
workplace well-being factors, particularly work-life balance, exert a profound influence on travel preferences, suggesting that
employees seek restorative travel experiences to counteract workplace demands. Furthermore, demographic factors such as
age and gender emerged as critical determinants of travel behaviors. Younger employees prioritized relaxation and wellnessoriented trips, while older age groups leaned towards health-related travel. Gender differences also shaped preferences, with
men and women displaying distinct patterns in travel motivations and destination choices. The study highlights the relevance of
integrating travel-related considerations into workplace well-being programs. Employer-supported initiatives, such as flexible
working arrangements, health benefits, and subsidized travel opportunities, can enhance employee satisfaction and
productivity. These measures are not only vital for stress management and burnout prevention but also for fostering loyalty
and engagement among employees. Additionally, the findings provide insights for the tourism industry, offering a deeper
understanding of the factors influencing travel decisions. Tailored marketing strategies t argeting specific employee
demographics and preferences can capitalize on these insights, leading to more effective engagement with potential travelers.
This research contributes to the broader discourse on the intersection of workplace well-being, quality of life, and travel behavior,
emphasizing the multidimensional nature of employee satisfaction and its implications for both employers and the tourism sector.
Finishing strong in May: Difficulties and Management Strategies at the End of the School Year
Authors: Koutsoukos Marios , Mavropoulou Eleni , Oikonomou Andreas
Published: February 2025

This article investigates the crucial period of May in schools and the difficulties emerging in the learning process towards the end of the school year while recording certain strategies for managing this period. By studying a sample of secondary school teachers, the research shows that the most important difficulties teachers face during May, are psychological and mental fatigue, distraction of students, increased organizational and administrative obligations, emotional stress, and anxiety about the next school year. These difficulties can be eliminated or reduced by specific management strategies such as playful teaching and experiential activities, educational visits and excursions, preparations for school events and end-of-school celebrations, sports activities, competitions, tournaments, and a review of the year with feedback and discussion. Successfully implementing the above strategies depends on many factors and the specificities of each learning process.
Fractal Riemann Hypothesis PART D: A Unified Proof of the Fractal Riemann Hypothesis Based on the Multidimensional Framework of Fractal Geometry, Quantum Field Theory, and Noncommutative Geometry
Authors: zhou changzheng , zhou ZIQING
Published: February 2025

This paper proposes a multidimensional theoretical framework that rigorouslyproves that the non-trivial zeros of the fractal Zeta function lie on the critical lineRe(s) = DH2(where DH is the fractal dimension) by integrating fractal geometry,quantum field theory, noncommutative geometry, and topological quantum fieldtheory. First, based on complex analysis and group theory, we analyze the analyticcontinuation and symmetry of the fractal Zeta function. Secondly, we introducesupersymmetry algebra and renormalization group equations to explore the effectsof quantum field theory on the distribution of zeros. Furthermore, by combiningnoncommutative geometry with the topological invariants of fractal manifolds, wereveal the deep connection between the self-similarity of fractal structures and thetopological phase transitions of quantum field theory. Numerical simulations (in?cluding Monte Carlo methods, supersymmetric Hamiltonian diagonalization, topo?logical quantum computing, and tensor network algorithms) verify the theoreticalpredictions: the non-trivial zeros of the fractal Zeta function are strictly locatedon the critical line Re(s) = DH2, and non-perturbative corrections from the renor?malization group flow further suppress deviations of the zeros. This study notonly provides multidimensional theoretical support for the proof of the Fractal Rie?mann Hypothesis but also lays the foundation for fractal quantum field theory andquantum gravity theories in fractal spacetime
从感知现实到想象现实：冥想如何调节认知中的现实错觉
Authors: Yu Xiaoyang
Published: February 2025

人类的认知系统不仅处理直接的感知输入，还不断构建各种“可能世界”。我们在头脑中模拟过去与未来，以捷思1、捷思2等方式构造“可能世界”，但这些构造往往被误认为与现实等同。本研究探讨了“感知现实”与“想象现实”之间的本质差异，指出我们通常将经过感知系统加工的现实表征误认为“最终现实”，并进一步误以为自己可以进入或离开不同的“可能世界”。这种认知错觉是人类心理体验的重要特征，而**冥想（Meditation）** 通过刻意训练注意力，使个体减少对“想象现实”的沉溺，并增强对“感知现实”的觉察。本文结合认知科学、哲学与神经科学的视角，分析冥想如何影响注意力分配，降低认知偏差，并在决定论框架下解释冥想的机制与作用。本研究的结论指出，冥想虽然无法改变现实本身，但可以影响我们体验现实的方式，从而减少因“想象现实”带来的焦虑、悔恨等情绪。
Exploring the Potential of Polyrhythmic Entrainment for Cognitive Enhancement and Neuroplasticity
Authors: Lewartowski Adam Bartłomiej , Finc Karolina
Published: February 2025

Polyrhythms—the simultaneous layering of multiple rhythmic patterns—are a defining feature of musical complexity across cultures. Yet, their significance extends far beyond music. By examining polyrhythms in neural oscillations, body physiology, and movement coordination, we highlight their role in cognitive flexibility, executive function, and sensorimotor adaptation. We further discuss how polyrhythmic engagement can enhance neuroplasticity, improve attention and memory, and support motor learning and rehabilitation. Finally, we propose future research directions to investigate the broader implications of entrainment to polyrhythms for cognitive and physiological optimization. By reframing polyrhythms as a cross-domain mechanism, this article opens new avenues for studying their impact on perception, action, and learning across multiple disciplines.
From Data to Discovery: Unsupervised Learning's Role in Social Cognition
Authors: Doriscar Jonathan , Mamakos Michalis , Perry Sylvia , Charlesworth Tessa
Published: February 2025

The study of how cognition and society interact is a complex endeavor that demands multiple methods and tools. Yet research in social cognition has only begun to capitalize on unsupervised machine learning (UML) tools that can uncover hidden patterns in data. In this tutorial we introduce UML as a complementary approach to traditional statistical methods. We illustrate four methods (K-means clustering, DBSCAN, PCA, and Market Basket Analysis) applied to data from Project Implicit and the Implicit Association Test. In the process, we show how UML can identify patterns and relationships that conventional methods might overlook. Throughout, we provide clear (and openly available) code and highlight important researcher decision-points in implementing UML in social cognition work. By bringing the advances of UML into social cognition we will be better equipped to tackle larger, more diverse, or multi-level datasets that reveal the complexities of our social world.
Present Quantum Gravity
Authors: Capurso Alessandro
Published: February 2025

We introduce a novel non-perturbative discrete approach to quantum gravity starting from the assumption that only the present instant exists. The Present is interpreted through the lens of time-symmetric quantum mechanics and holography. It is described as an ontological memory, which evolves in atomic instants and encodes the information of non-locality and undefined causality in a fuzzy Euclidean space. In this contribution, extending previous works on the compatibility of such interpretation of time with Special Relativity, we provide further evidence for minimizing the ontological existence of the time dimension. We suggest a relation between the rest mass and an entanglement in time, and between curvature and a symmetry breaking of entanglement in the fuzzy space. We mathematically relate the Newtonian potential and the Schwarzschild metric with this information of entanglement, suggest a model of Black Holes, and draft an experiment that could provide evidence for our proposal. We conclude with a brief outlook.
Changes in life expectancy by household type: the case of Denmark between 2019 and 2021
Authors: Vigezzi Serena , Strozza Cosmo , Zarulli Virginia
Published: February 2025

Contrary to other countries, Denmark did not experience mortality declines in 2020, but did in 2021. At the same time, COVID-19 has been shown to unequally affect different population groups. Among other characteristics, living arrangements were hypothesised to influence infection and mortality risk. We use Danish data (from registries and Ministry of Health) to compute life expectancy at ages 30 and 60 by gender and household type. We compare the average yearly change between 2015 and 2019 with changes in life expectancy between 2019 and 2021 together and for each year, using bootstrapping to create 95% confidence intervals. Finally, we decompose changes in life expectancy by age and cause of death. In most subgroups, life expectancy did not decline in 2020, and even improved for nursing home residents, who suffered greatly in other countries. There were declines in 2021, but only men and women in complex households and women in nursing homes experienced overall losses between 2019 and 2021. These changes were partially driven by COVID-19 mortality, but mostly by mortality by other causes. In 2020, Denmark managed to protect its population from the mortality effects of the pandemic, even improving mortality by non-COVID-19 causes. In contrast, in 2021 there was a lagged effect on mortality due to non-COVID-19 causes of death, which considerably increased, and thereby reduced life expectancy across subgroups.
Mom is developing too: The reciprocal effects of infant sensory reactivity and maternal behavior
Authors: Sweiss Emily , Berardi Vincent , Davis Elysia Poggi , Sandman Curt A. , Glynn Laura
Published: February 2025

Caregiver sensitivity to infant cues is well-established as a predictor of child development. Infants also actively influence their social environment, especially their caregivers, even from their earliest days. Sensory reactivity, characterized as hypo- (under) and hyper- (over) responding to environmental stimuli, is one domain of development that is likely to influence caregiver-infant interaction, due to its role in regulating emotions and responses to both physical and social stimuli. Although sensory reactivity could be an important target for improving caregiver-child interaction, the longitudinal, reciprocal relations between infant sensory reactivity and caregiver behaviors are currently unknown. In the present study, we examined these associations in a community sample of mother-infant dyads (N = 252) at infant ages 6 and 12 months using a cross-lagged panel modeling approach. Results indicated that maternal sensitivity decreases infant hyperreactivity, and infant hyporeactivity was associated with increases in maternal sensitivity. Maternal intrusiveness exacerbated infant hyperreactivity over time and attenuated later infant hyporeactivity. The results of this study provide initial evidence for the mutually influential nature of infant sensory reactivity and maternal behavior over time.
The Representational Nature of Action-Effect Relations: A Memory Process Dissociation Approach
Authors: Schreiner Marcel Raphael , Kunde Wilfried
Published: February 2025

Learning how actions change the environment is crucial for goal-directed actions and skill acquisition. Here we investigated the contribution of explicit and implicit memory to the learning of action-effect relations across four experiments. Participants produced object images by pressing one of two keys, with each action-effect episode experienced three times. Learning was either incidental (Experiments 1-2) or intentional (Experiments 2-4) and occurred under full (Experiments 1-4) or divided (Experiments 3-4) attention. In a test phase, participants were re-presented the effect images and asked to either reproduce or alternate the action that had produced them. Results obtained through cognitive modeling revealed that action-effect relations are primarily represented in explicit memory, with minimal contributions of implicit memory. Intentional learning enhanced memory compared to incidental learning, while divided attention during encoding reduced it, with these factors mainly affecting explicit memory. These findings elucidate the mechanisms underlying skill acquisition and provide insights into the representational nature of action-effect relations.