bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A ferromagnetic Eu–Pt surface compound grown below hexagonal boron nitride
Authors: Mohammed Idris Bakhit Alaa , Ali Khadiza , Makarova Anna A. , Píš Igor , Bondino Federica , Sant Roberto , Dash Saroj P. , Castrillo-Bodero Rodrigo , Hasegawa Yuri , Ortega J. Enrique , Fernandez Laura , Schiller Frederik
Published: June 2023

A ferromagnetic EuPt2 surface alloy is formed by Eu intercalation below a hBN/Pt interface. The hBN layer partially protects EuPt2 from air at the flat (111) plane in a curved crystal substrate, while protection is less effective in vicinal surfaces.
A reusable polymer anchored pyridine mediated formal [4 + 1] annulation reaction for the diastereoselective synthesis of 2,3-dihydrobenzofurans
Authors: Kumari Akanksha , Jain Anshul , Shukla Khyati , Patra Ranjan , Rana Nirmal K.
Published: June 2023

Merrifield resin supported pyridine is used to generate N-ylide in-situ and is applied as a C1 synthon for the cascade synthesis of trans-2,3-disubstituted dihydrobenzofurans.
Enhancing the nitrogen reduction activity of iron with inactive group-IVA elements at optimized stoichiometry
Authors: Yin Hanqing , Bell Stuart , Golberg Dmitri , Du Aijun
Published: June 2023

Inert group-IVA elements can surprisingly enhance the e-N2RR capability of iron with an appropriate extent of alloying.
Sensitive dipstick assays for lectin detection, based on glycan–BSA conjugate immobilisation on gold nanoparticles
Authors: Hernando Pedro J. , Ivanova Irina M. , Chessa Simona , Marín María J. , Dedola Simone , Field Robert A.
Published: June 2023

Gold nanoparticles and gold nanoshells functionalised with a selection of carbohydrates: glyco-nanoparticles towards lectin detection in a dipstick assay.
Frustrated-radical-pair-initiated atom transfer radical addition of perfluoroalkyl halides to alkenes
Authors: Xie Fuyu , He Jianghua , Zhang Yuetao
Published: June 2023

We employed a frustrated radical pair to catalyze the atom-transfer radical addition of perfluoroalkyl halides to alkenes, which furnished a series of fluoroalkylated compounds in high regioselectivity and high-to-excellent product yields.
Sr doped TiO2 photocatalyst for the removal of Janus Green B dye under visible light
Authors: Keerthana SP. , Yuvakkumar R. , Ravi G. , Thambidurai M. , Nguyen Hung D. , Velauthapillai Dhayalan
Published: June 2023

Hydrothermal synthesis of pristine and Sr doped TiO2 is proposed.
Nanostructured TiAlCuN and TiAlCuCN coatings for spacecraft: effects of reactive magnetron deposition regimes and compositions
Authors: Komarov Fadei F. , Konstantinov Stanislav V. , Chizhov Igor V. , Zaikov Valery A. , Zubar Tatiana I. , Trukhanov Alex V.
Published: June 2023

Cu addition to the coating has effects on crystallite and growth column size refinement in comparison with the TiAlN and TiAlCN analogues due to its segregation along crystalline boundaries, and thus, imparts better mechanical characteristics.
De novo amyloid peptides with subtle sequence variations differ in their self-assembly and nanomechanical properties
Authors: Abernathy Hannah G. , Saha Jhinuk , Kemp Lisa K. , Wadhwani Parvesh , Clemons Tristan D. , Morgan Sarah E. , Rangachari Vijayaraghavan
Published: June 2023

Proteinaceous amyloids are well known for their widespread pathological roles but lately have emerged also as key components in several biological functions.
Identifying key factors of peroxymonosulfate activation on single-atom M–N–C catalysts: a combined density functional theory and machine learning study
Authors: Sun Yun , Cao Jiachun , Li Qianyu , Li Didi , Ao Zhimin
Published: June 2023

Through a combination of density functional theory and machine learning, the intrinsic factors underlying the activation of peroxymonosulfate on a range of single-atom catalysts were revealed.
Multiple organelle-targeted 1,8-naphthyridine derivatives for detecting the polarity of organelles
Authors: Hao Hao-Chi , Zhang Gang , Sun Ru , Xu Yu-Jie , Ge Jian-Feng
Published: June 2023

Four polarity-sensitive 1,8-naphthyridine derivatives with diverse organelle targeting abilities were obtained. These dyes could monitor the polarity fluctuation of the corresponding organelles.
A nucleotide–copper(ii) complex possessing a monooxygenase-like catalytic function
Authors: Wu Haifeng , Xu Shichao , Du Peidong , Liu Yuanxi , Li Hui , Yang Haijun , Wang Ting , Wang Zhen-Gang
Published: June 2023

We present a Cu2+-nucleotide catalyst that enables ortho-hydroxylation reactions of phenols. The results provide evidence for the generation of HO2• radicals facilitated by a hydrogen bonding network. Notably, this system demonstrates improved thermostability.
Modulation of charge transfer exciton dynamics in organic semiconductors using different structural arrangements
Authors: Soncini Cristian , Kumar Abhishek , Bondino Federica , Magnano Elena , Stupar Matija , Ressel Barbara , De Ninno Giovanni , Papadopoulos Antonis , Serpetzoglou Efthymis , Stratakis Emmanuel , Pedio Maddalena
Published: June 2023

A dependence of the CT exciton lifetime on the cobalt phthalocyanine molecular stacking is observed. We ascribe such behavior to the different π-conjugation along the stacking axis, favoring the CT exciton delocalization in the herringbone geometry.
Lattice matched GeSn/InAlAs heterostructure: role of Sn in energy band alignment, atomic layer diffusion and photoluminescence
Authors: Karthikeyan Sengunthar , Joshi Rutwik , Zhao Jing , Bodnar Robert J. , Magill Brenden A. , Pleimling Yannick , Khodaparast Giti A. , Hudait Mantu K.
Published: June 2023

Energy band alignment of lattice matched Ge0.94Sn0.06/In0.12Al0.88As heterostructure, showing type-I configuration.
A three-state label programmed using a three-color microsphere of structural, fluorescent and dye colors
Authors: Qu Chaofeng , Li Xiaolan , Zhao Na , Zhou Sijie , Wang Jiaming , Yao Lishuang , Liu Yongjun
Published: June 2023

We have, for the first time, utilized the selective reflection characteristics of CLCs and the photochromic properties of SP to fabricate advanced tristate inks. The tristate ink achieves three different states under simple light illumination.
Co‐simulation of integrated transmission and distribution systems (ITDS)
Authors: Selvaraj Ajitha , Krishnan Narayanan , Jadoun Vinay Kumar , Sharma Anurag , Sharma Gulshan
Published: June 2023

Co‐simulation is an approach where the simulation of both transmission and distribution system gets combined. This approach provides more accurate description of the results which can help the decision making of the operator. Due to increasing rate of decentralization, there is bidirectional energy flow. Thus, getting uninterrupted power supply even under any kind of stressed situation is possible with the help of renewable energy sources (RES), distributed generators (DG) and electric vehicles (EV) in the system. EVs can act as a source and load depending on the discharging or charging characteristics. The power in the EVs can be discharged during stressed hours to manage over loading of transmission lines by avoiding line limit violation. The IEEE 30 bus system is considered as transmission system in which IEEE 33 bus system and IEEE 69 bus system as Micro Grids (MGs) are being integrated at three different buses. Load flow analysis is performed for different cases using MATLAB software. The reduction of MVA flow in the transmission line is observed when it is managed using RES integrated in transmission system while DGs and EVs present within the microgrids.
Inference of the optical depth to reionization τ from Planck CMB maps with convolutional neural networks
Authors: Wolz Kevin , Krachmalnicoff Nicoletta , Pagano Luca
Published: June 2023

The optical depth to reionization, τ, is the least constrained parameter of the cosmological Λ cold dark matter (ΛCDM) model. To date, its most precise value is inferred from large-scale polarized cosmic microwave background (CMB) power spectra from the High Frequency Instrument (HFI) aboard the Planck satellite. These maps are known to contain significant contamination by residual non-Gaussian systematic effects, which are hard to model analytically. Therefore, robust constraints on τ are currently obtained through an empirical cross-spectrum likelihood built from simulations. In this paper, we present a likelihood-free inference of τ from polarized Planck HFI maps which, for the first time, is fully based on neural networks (NNs). NNs have the advantage of not requiring an analytical description of the data and can be trained on state-of-the-art simulations, combining the information from multiple channels. By using Gaussian sky simulations and Planck SRoll2 simulations, including CMB, noise, and residual instrumental systematic effects, we trained, tested, and validated NN models considering different setups. We inferred the value of τ directly from Stokes Q and U maps at ∼4° pixel resolution, without computing angular power spectra. On Planck data, we obtained τNN = 0.0579 ± 0.0082, which is compatible with current EE cross-spectrum results but with a ∼30% larger uncertainty, which can be assigned to the inherent nonoptimality of our estimator and to the retraining procedure applied to avoid biases. While this paper does not improve on current cosmological constraints on τ, our analysis represents a first robust application of NN-based inference on real data, and highlights its potential as a promising tool for complementary analysis of near-future CMB experiments, also in view of the ongoing challenge to achieve the first detection of primordial gravitational waves.
Large main-belt asteroids are generally not Maclaurin or Jacobi ellipsoids
Authors: Chambat F. , Vermersch J. , Rambaux N.
Published: June 2023

Aims.A recent major high-angular-resolution imaging survey of 42 large main-belt asteroids (D > 100 km) with VLT/SPHERE has provided shape models of these bodies with an unprecedented accuracy. We ask whether the shapes of these bodies correspond to Maclaurin or Jacobi hydrostatic equilibrium figures.

Methods.To address this question, we compared the aspect ratios and rotation rates of these asteroids with Maclaurin or Jacobi equilibrium figures.

Results.The rotation rates and polar flattenings of the 42 asteroids globally do not match those of Maclaurin or Jacobi ellipsoids. Moreover, the equatorial axes of the asteroids are not compatible with an axial symmetry as for Maclaurin figures. Only a very few of them could be compatible with a known hydrostatic figure such as Maclaurin, Jacobi, or Clairaut ellipsoids.
VICTORIA project: The LOFAR HBA Virgo Cluster Survey
Authors: Edler H. W. , de Gasperin F. , Shimwell T. W. , Hardcastle M. J. , Boselli A. , Heesen V. , McCall H. , Bomans D. J. , Brüggen M. , Bulbul E. , Chyży K. T. , Ignesti A. , Merloni A. , Pacaud F. , Reiprich T. H. , Roberts I. D. , Rottgering H. J. A. , van Weeren R. J.
Published: June 2023

Context. The Virgo cluster is the nearest (d = 16.5 Mpc) massive (M ≥ 1014 M⊙) galaxy cluster and is therefore a prime target for studying astrophysical processes in dense large-scale environments. In the radio band, we can probe the nonthermal components of the interstellar medium, the intracluster medium (ICM), and of active galactic nuclei (AGN). This allows an investigation of the impact of the environment on the evolution of galaxies and the contribution of AGN to ICM heating. With the ViCTORIA (VIrgo Cluster multi-Telescope Observations in Radio of Interacting galaxies and AGN) project, we are carrying out multiple wide-field surveys of the Virgo cluster at different frequencies.

Aims. We aim to investigate the impact of the environment on the evolution of galaxies and the contribution of AGN to ICM heating – from the inner cluster regions out to beyond the virial radius.

Methods. We performed a survey of the cluster at 120–168 MHz using the LOw-Frequency ARray (LOFAR). We imaged a 132 deg2 region of the cluster, reaching an order-of-magnitude greater sensitivity than existing wide-field radio surveys of this field at three times higher spatial resolution compared to other low-frequency observations. We developed a tailored data processing strategy to subtract the bright central radio galaxy M 87 from the data. This allowed us to correct for systematic effects due to ionospheric variation as a function of time and direction.

Results. In the final mosaic, which has a resolution of 9″ × 5″, we reach a median noise level of 140 μJy beam−1 inside the virial radius and 280 μJy beam−1 for the full area. We detect 112 Virgo member galaxies and 114 background galaxies. In at least 18 cases, the radio morphology of the cluster member galaxies shows clear signs of ram-pressure stripping. This includes three previously unreported candidates. In addition, we reveal previously undiscovered tails of 150 kpc in length from a previous epoch of AGN activity for NGC 4472 (M 49). While no cluster-scale diffuse radio sources are discovered, we find the presence of an extended radio signature of the W′ group. This feature is coincident with an X-ray filament detected with SRG/eROSITA in the outskirts of the cluster. We speculate that this emission is synchrotron radiation, which could be related to shocks or turbulence from accretion processes.

Conclusions. The data published in this paper serve as a valuable resource for future studies. In the follow-up work of the ViCTORIA project, we will use these data for an analysis of environmental effects on the radio properties of star-forming galaxies in Virgo.
Advances in the Treatment of Diabetic Foot with MSC-derived Exosomes
Authors: He Qiaoya
Published: June 2023

Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease with a worldwide epidemic and its prevalence is increasing every year. Meanwhile, diabetes imposes serious economic burdens on the world. Commonly and seriously as a complication of type 2 diabetes, the diabetic foot is a multi-factorial chronic non-healing wound that not only poses serious threats to the patient's physical health but also comes along with huge financial and psychological burdens. In the long run, the risk of amputation is much higher inpatients who suffer from diabetic foot than in healthy people. [1] The prognosis for the diabetic foot is not encouraging in today's treatment paradigm, with the majority of patients having an unsatisfactory prognosis after conventional treatment, eventually leading to tissue necrosis, gangrene, and amputation. Numerous studies have suggested that mesenchymal stem cell exosomes (MSCs-Exos) have potential therapeutic value for patients with DFU and are increasingly being available in clinical practice. MSCs-Exos can accelerate DFU wound healing by promoting coagulation, inhibiting inflammatory responses, boosting cell proliferation and angiogenesis, and increasing collagen deposition. In addition, this article reviews the clinical application of MSC-derived exosomes in the treatment of diabetic foot and the advantages and limitations of MSC-derived exosomes as carriers, exploring the extraction process of exosomes. In the future, a unified and standardized guideline specification for purification and isolation techniques should also be established and enhanced, and a license for clinical application should be obtained. To verify the security and efficacy of exosomes in DFU treatment, large sample, and multi-centre clinical research should be designed.
La douleur chronique inflammatoire chez le chien et le chat : état des connaissances, recommandations et développements
Authors: Marotto Stéphanie , Verwaerde Patrick
Published: June 2023

La douleur inflammatoire chronique est fréquente chez le chien et le chat. La prévention de son développement est fondamentale et le rôle du vétérinaire dans l’éducation du propriétaire est crucial. La prise en charge adaptée de la douleur chronique est multimodale, basée sur l’évaluation systématique de la douleur et de la qualité de vie de l’animal avant et pendant les traitements. Afin d’être efficaces, ceux-ci doivent prendre en compte la pathogénie de cette douleur. Des approches non médicamenteuses efficaces, invasives ou non, devraient être considérées dans la prise en charge. De nouvelles techniques se développent et pourraient prochainement devenir des options thérapeutiques intéressantes.
Les polyarthrites du chien
Authors: Pichard Diane
Published: June 2023

Les polyarthrites du chien sont un ensemble de maladies inflammatoires affectant plusieurs articulations simultanément, à l’origine de répercussions systémiques peu spécifiques, telles qu’une hyperthermie, un abattement, une léthargie, mais aussi spécifiques telles que des troubles locomoteurs et une polyarthralgie plus ou moins sévère. Les polyarthrites canines revêtent de nombreuses causes différentes. L’examen complémentaire de choix permettant de confirmer le diagnostic d’inflammation articulaire est l’arthrocentèse et au moins 4 articulations doivent ainsi être prélevées. Des arguments paracliniques peuvent étayer l’orientation étiologique. La caractérisation de l’atteinte d’un point de vue cytologique et bactériologique permet de distinguer une origine inflammatoire stricte (par dépôts d’immuns complexes d’origine primaire ou secondaire à un foyer inflammatoire à distance des articulations) d’une origine infectieuse. La polyarthrite à médiation immune primaire est la principale affection au sein des polyarthrites du chien. Elle est considérée idiopathique et il s’agit d’un diagnostic d’exclusion. La recherche de la cause doit être systématique afin de mettre en place le traitement adapté. Une polyarthrite d’origine infectieuse est traitée par l’administration d’un anti-infectieux adapté. La gestion d’une polyarthrite à médiation immune primaire repose sur une corticothérapie souvent de longue durée et dont la dégression de dose doit être surveillée de façon rapprochée. La prise en charge d’une polyarthrite à médiation immune secondaire invite à la prise en charge de la cause sous-jacente quand cela est possible.
Les triades du chat
Authors: Dahan Julien
Published: June 2023

Les triades, atteinte inflammatoire concomitante de l’intestin (entérite chronique), des voies biliaires (cholangite neutrophilique et lymphocytaire) et du pancréas (pancréatite aiguë ou chronique), sont une particularité de l’espèce féline, à l’origine de troubles digestifs pouvant évoluer de manière aiguë ou chronique. L’origine (infectieuse vs dysimmunitaire), l’évolution (aiguë vs chronique) et la sévérité de ces différentes atteintes varient en fonction des cas. Il est souvent délicat de différencier les maladies qui composent les triades, sur la base de la clinique et des examens complémentaires. Le traitement idéal dépend du diagnostic histologique qui est apporté par la réalisation de biopsies, le plus souvent chirurgicales.
Rhinosinusite chronique idiopathique du chat : démarche diagnostique et options thérapeutiques
Authors: Canonne-Guibert Morgane
Published: June 2023

La rhinosinusite chronique idiopathique est l’une des principales affections nasales chez le chat. Malgré cette prévalence élevée, il s’agit d’une affection dont la prise en charge thérapeutique à long terme peut s’avérer frustrante. Le plus souvent, les chats concernés sont de jeunes adultes. Cette affection se caractérise essentiellement par des épisodes récurrents de jetage nasal, d’éternuements et de respiration bruyante (stertor).

Le diagnostic de confirmation repose sur l’exclusion des autres maladies des cavités nasales. Dans ce cadre, la réalisation d’examens complémentaire est déterminante et comprend un examen tomodensitométrique, une endoscopie et la réalisation de biopsies nasales. Les études comparant les images scanner de processus tumoraux et de rhinite chronique ont identifié que certains éléments permettent la distinction de ces deux entités.

Le traitement est peu consensuel et frustrant. Aucune option curative n’existe et la prise en charge proposée vise à limiter autant que possible l’expression clinique et à prévenir toute aggravation. Le traitement repose essentiellement sur une corticothérapie orale et/ou inhalée, souvent associée initialement à des antihistaminiques. Les lavages nasaux ou les nébulisations apportent souvent un bénéfice clinique.
Inflammation chronique : l’exploration par la biologie médicale
Authors: Chenal Théo , Trumel Catherine
Published: June 2023

L’inflammation est un phénomène de défense de l’organisme qui se déclenche à la suite d’une agression (infection, trauma…). Lorsque la réponse de l’organisme est efficace, l’inflammation s’arrête, mais lorsque le stimulus persiste, l’inflammation perdure et peut devenir chronique.

De nombreuses causes impliquant différents mécanismes peuvent être à l’origine d’une inflammation chronique systémique chez le chien et le chat et engendrer des modifications hémato-biochimiques identifiables par des examens de routine.

Le dosage des concentrations des protéines de la phase aiguë de l’inflammation permet de mettre en évidence la présence d’une inflammation systémique. L’augmentation de leur concentration plasmatique identifie alors un processus inflammatoire, mais ne renseigne en aucun cas sur la durée d’évolution ou sur sa cause.

L’hémogramme couplé à l’observation du frottis sanguin peut mettre en évidence la présence d’une anémie normocytaire normochrome non régénérative et de rouleaux d’hématies. Une lymphocytose associée à l’observation de lymphocytes réactionnels peut orienter également vers un processus inflammatoire chronique.

Enfin, l’observation d’un pic polyclonal en région β−γ sur un tracé d’électrophorèse des protéines sériques est un témoin relativement spécifique d’une inflammation chronique.
Correlation of Cervical Length, Anterior Uterocervical Angle, and Cervical Elastography with the Incidence of Preterm Labor
Authors: Natarajan Sumathi , Alavandar Ezhilmathi , Kashyap Ravindar , Rajan Saira , Muthusamy Dhivakar , Subramani Amuthavalli
Published: June 2023

Objectives The aim of this study is to find the correlation of cervical length, anterior uterocervical angle, and cervical elastography with the incidence of preterm labor through evaluation by transvaginal ultrasonography during routine anomaly scan and to analyze the correlation of the parameters with each other.

Methods Cross-sectional comparative study was undertaken on singleton pregnant women coming for anomaly scan between 18 and 24 weeks. Cervical length and anterior uterocervical angle were measured in the mid-sagittal section. Strain elastography was used for measuring cervical strain. Color map was obtained for the entire cervix and the color code for the degree of cervical stiffness was noted.

Results Though the mean value of cervical length was significantly lower in preterm group (3.2 cm) than in term group (3.6 cm), it was more than the cutoff value of 2.5 cm, below which it is routinely considered as short cervix indicative of preterm labor. Mean value of anterior uterocervical angle was significantly higher in women with preterm (112.3 degrees) delivery than those with term (82.2 degrees) delivery. Mean strain values of cervical elastography were significantly different in term (0.130) and preterm groups (0.179). Color code in elastography was independent of preterm labor. There was a significant positive correlation of cervical length with gestational age at delivery (GAD). A significant negative correlation was observed between acute anterior uterocervical angle with the GAD.

Conclusion Anterior uterocervical angle has a definitive role in the prediction of preterm labor and so it can be combined with the conventional cervical length screening in identifying women with normal cervical length who are at high risk of preterm labor. Cervical elastography assesses the cervical consistency and also has the potential for identifying high-risk women.
A Rare Case of Dacryocystocele Diagnosed by Antenatal Ultrasonography at 26 Weeks of Gestation
Authors: Ganesan Parvathy , Balakrishnan Bijoy K. , Parasuram Meenu Batra
Published: June 2023

Dacryocystocele is a rare variant of obstruction of the nasolacrimal duct that results in a fluid-filled, closed sac. It often resolves by the spontaneous perforation of the distal membrane during the early neonatal period, resulting in drainage of the accumulated fluid. If persisting, this benign condition can be usually treated postnatally. If the cysts occur bilaterally, there can be an obstruction to the nasal passage due to their possible intranasal extension and might require surgical intervention postnatally to prevent or treat respiratory distress. Also, it may be a part of a few syndromes, which makes the early prenatal diagnosis very important. In this case report, we present a case of unilateral dacryocystocele reported as early as 26 weeks, 3 days of gestation detected by ultrasound that spontaneously resolved by 33 weeks. This is one of the earliest reported three-dimensional/four-dimensional ultrasound diagnosis of dacryocystocele.
Congenital Cataract and Narrow CSP: A Clue to Prenatal Diagnosis of RAB3GAP1-Associated Warburg Micro Syndrome
Authors: Lallar Meenakshi , Kaur Ladbans , Preet Meetan , Singh U. P.
Published: June 2023

Warburg Micro Syndrome (WMS) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by intellectual disability, bilateral congenital cataracts, microphthalmia, and brain anomalies. We report an 18-week fetus presenting with bilateral congenital cataract and narrow cavum septum pellucidum. Patient was counselled about the possible etiologies ranging from infectious to chromosomal and single gene etiologies. Invasive testing for genetic analysis was done to determine etiology and establish prognosis. A previously reported homozygous frameshift mutation was identified in RAB3GAP1 gene leading to diagnosis of WMS. This case highlights the role of detailed fetal sonography and genetic testing to prognosticate pregnancies. Also WMS should be suspected in fetuses presenting with bilateral congenital cataract with or without brain anomalies.
Recurrent Nonimmune Fetal Hydrops Due to a Novel Pathogenic Variant in PIEZO1 Gene: A Case Report from South India
Authors: Nair Lekshmi Sivaraman , Dubey Aditi , Mohan Nisha , Vikraman Seneesh Kumar , Desai Jay , Madadi Manasa
Published: June 2023

Nonimmune fetal hydrops (NIFH) has underlying diverse etiology with generalized lymphatic dysplasia being one such cause. Lymphatic malformation-6 is a type of lymphatic dysplasia that is due to homozygous or compound heterozygous variants in the PIEZO1 gene. The clinical features associated with this condition during fetal life are nonimmune fetal hydrops that manifests with widespread lymphatic edema, with other systemic manifestations like pericardial/pleural effusions, chylothorax along with lymphangiectasia seen primarily in lungs and intestines. We present a case of recurrent NIFH in a family due to a novel pathogenic mutation in PIEZO1 gene. This variant was identified in homozygous state in all the three affected fetuses and in heterozygous state in both the parents. The couple were counseled regarding recurrence of this condition and given reproductive options for future pregnancies.
Kinship analysis reveals low dispersal in a hog deer (Axis porcinus) population in Wilsons Promontory National Park, Australia
Authors: Hill Erin , Murphy Nicholas , Linacre Adrian , Toop Simon , Strugnell Jan M.
Published: June 2023

Context A wild population of non-native hog deer has established in the Gippsland region of Victoria, Australia, and there is particular concern about its impact on native vegetation in Wilsons Promontory National Park (WPNP). Since 2015, there has been annual culling of hog deer at WPNP to reduce deer abundances and impacts. Aims The aims of this study were to use a kinship approach based on genotyping to assess contemporary dispersal of hog deer across WPNP, by identifying close kin, to determine whether dispersal of deer into culled sites from unculled sites may affect the long-term success of management there. Differences in the dispersal of male and female hog deer were also investigated. Methods In total, 91 hog deer tissue samples were collected across WPNP and surrounding sites. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers were sequenced, and a final dataset comprising 8275 SNPs was used for analysis. First-order, second-order, and intermediate relative pairs were identified, and the geographic distance between these pairs was assessed to determine inter-pair distances to infer dispersal. Spatial autocorrelation between male and female samples was evaluated to measure the effects of sex-biased dispersal. Key results Only seven second-order relative pairs were found across different sites, with a 30 km distance between the furthest pair observed. However, most inter-pair distances across sites were ~5–10 km. Analyses of sex-biased dispersal showed that movement by deer was not strongly influenced by one sex. Conclusions Although hog deer in WPNP are genetically similar, most relatives that were sampled were not widely dispersed. This suggests that there is limited dispersal of hog deer across this park. Implications Recolonisation of hog deer at culled sites via dispersal is likely to be infrequent in WPNP. Kinship analysis provides an effective method of assessing contemporary dispersal and could be applied to other species to assess fine-scale movement across landscapes.
Speckle-correlation imaging through a kaleidoscopic multimode fiber
Authors: Bouchet Dorian , Caravaca-Aguirre Antonio Miguel , Godefroy Guillaume , Moreau Philippe , Wang Irène , Bossy Emmanuel
Published: June 2023

Speckle-correlation imaging techniques are widely used for noninvasive imaging through complex scattering media. While light propagation through multimode fibers and scattering media share many analogies, reconstructing images through multimode fibers from speckle correlations remains an unsolved challenge. Here, we exploit a kaleidoscopic memory effect emerging in square-core multimode fibers and demonstrate fluorescence imaging with no prior knowledge on the fiber. Experimentally, our approach simply requires to translate random speckle patterns at the input of a square-core fiber and to measure the resulting fluorescence intensity with a bucket detector. The image of the fluorescent object is then reconstructed from the autocorrelation of the measured signal by solving an inverse problem. This strategy does not require the knowledge of the fragile deterministic relation between input and output fields, which makes it promising for the development of flexible minimally invasive endoscopes.
The vision of ideological culture in contemporary Chinese education: preserving society and state (La perspectiva de la cultura ideológica en la educación china contemporánea: preservar la sociedad y el estado)
Authors: Liu Lijie , Li Fan
Published: June 2023

Research intends to identify: features of ideological culture within China’s education sector; the most effective theory of ideology, capable of developing the individuals’ worldviews and values, revealing their civic-minded self-awareness; the dominant personality traits that can most effectively influence the moulding of civic-minded attitudes and social responsibility among China’s residents. This research project included an experiment conducted to determine the effectiveness of various theories of ideology in China’s education sector. As the experiment’s findings suggest, traditional Confucianism was identified as the most productive ideology (51.2%). The research findings may be used in the study of various ideologies, such as liberalism and neoliberalism, socialism, feminism, communism and social democracy, applicable to existing systems of ideological culture education in the globalization settings (within the context of pedagogical and psychotherapeutic activities, as well as in order to improve methods of teaching general subjects and education levels among students).
Cancer cell plasticity and MHC-II–mediated immune tolerance promote breast cancer metastasis to lymph nodes
Authors: Lei Pin-Ji , Pereira Ethel R. , Andersson Patrik , Amoozgar Zohreh , Van Wijnbergen Jan Willem , O’Melia Meghan J. , Zhou Hengbo , Chatterjee Sampurna , Ho William W. , Posada Jessica M. , Kumar Ashwin S. , Morita Satoru , Menzel Lutz , Chung Charlie , Ergin Ilgin , Jones Dennis , Huang Peigen , Beyaz Semir , Padera Timothy P.
Published: June 2023

Tumor-draining lymph nodes (TDLNs) are important for tumor antigen–specific T cell generation and effective anticancer immune responses. However, TDLNs are often the primary site of metastasis, causing immune suppression and worse outcomes. Through cross-species single-cell RNA-Seq analysis, we identified features defining cancer cell heterogeneity, plasticity, and immune evasion during breast cancer progression and lymph node metastasis (LNM). A subset of cancer cells in the lymph nodes exhibited elevated MHC class II (MHC-II) gene expression in both mice and humans. MHC-II+ cancer cells lacked costimulatory molecule expression, leading to regulatory T cell (Treg) expansion and fewer CD4+ effector T cells in TDLNs. Genetic knockout of MHC-II reduced LNM and Treg expansion, while overexpression of the MHC-II transactivator, Ciita, worsened LNM and caused excessive Treg expansion. These findings demonstrate that cancer cell MHC-II expression promotes metastasis and immune evasion in TDLNs.
Coupling quintessence kinetics to electromagnetism
Authors: Barros Bruno J. , da Fonseca Vitor
Published: June 2023

We propose a general model where quintessence couples to electromagnetism via its kinetic
term. This novelty generalizes the linear dependence of the gauge kinetic function on ϕ,
commonly adopted in the literature. The interaction naturally induces a time variation of the
fine-structure constant that can be formulated within a disformally coupled framework, akin to a
Gordon metric. Through a suitable parametrization of the scalar field and the coupling function,
we test the model against observations sensitive to the variation of α. We undertake a
Bayesian analysis to infer the free parameters with data from Earth based, astrophysical and early
Universe experiments. We find that the evolution of α is specific to each cosmological era
and slows down at late times when dark energy accelerates the Universe. While the most stringent
bound on the interaction is obtained from atomic clocks measurements, the quasars provide a
constraint consistent with weak equivalence principle tests. This promising model is to be further
tested with upcoming and more precise astrophysical measurements, such as those of the
ESPRESSO spectrograph.
Implications of multi-axion dark matter on structure formation
Authors: Chen Chong-Bin , Soda Jiro
Published: June 2023

Axions are candidates for dark matter in the universe.We develop an accurate Boltzmann
code to calculate the linear growth of the plasma. As an interesting example, we investigate a
mixed dark matter model consisting of cold dark matter (CDM) and two-axion dark matter. We
analyze the growth of the structure numerically and analytically. We find that an effective single
axion with an effective mass and an effective abundance is useful to characterize the two-axion
cosmology. Moreover, we generalize the effective single axion description to multi-axion dark
matter cosmology. We also compare the results with those of warm dark matter (WDM) model.
Moreover, we calculate halo mass functions for the mixed model by using the Press-Schechter model
and linear perturbations and then determine the mass function as a function of masses and axion abundance.
Prospects of testing late-time cosmology with weak lensing of gravitational waves and galaxy surveys
Authors: Balaudo Anna , Garoffolo Alice , Martinelli Matteo , Mukherjee Suvodip , Silvestri Alessandra
Published: June 2023

We investigate the synergy of upcoming galaxy surveys and gravitational wave (GW) experiments in constraining late-time cosmology, examining the cross-correlations between the weak lensing of gravitational waves (GW-WL) and the galaxy fields. Without focusing on any specific GW detector configuration, we benchmark the requirements for the high precision measurement of cosmological parameters by considering several scenarios, varying the number of detected GW events and the uncertainty on the inference of the source luminosity distance and redshift.
We focus on ΛCDM and scalar-tensor cosmologies, using the Effective Field Theory formalism as a unifying language. We find that, in some of the explored setups, GW-WL contributes to the galaxy signal by doubling the accuracy on non-ΛCDM parameters, allowing in the most favourable scenarios to reach even percent and sub-percent level bounds. Though the most extreme cases presented here are likely beyond the observational capabilities of currently planned individual GW detectors, we show nonetheless that — provided that enough statistics of events can be accumulated — GW-WL offers the potential to become a cosmological probe complementary to LSS surveys, particularly for those parameters that cannot be constrained by other GW probes such as standard sirens.
Theoretical analyses on the one-dimensional charged particle transport in a decaying plasma under an electrostatic field
Authors: Wang Yao-Ting , Sun Xin-Li , Luo Lan-Yue , Zhang Zi-Ming , Li He-Ping , Jiang Dong-Jun , Zhou Ming-Sheng
Published: June 2023

The spatiotemporal evolutions of a one-dimensional collisionless decaying plasma bounded by two electrodes with an externally applied electrostatic field are studied by theoretical analyses and particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations with the ion extraction process in a laser-induced plasma as the major research background. Based on the theoretical analyses, the transport process of the charged particles including electrons and ions can be divided into three stages: electron oscillation and ion matrix sheath extraction stage, sheath expansion and ion rarefaction wave propagation stage and the plasma collapse stage, and the corresponding criterion for each stage is also presented. Consequently, a complete analytical model is established for describing the ion extraction flux at each stage during the decaying of the laser-induced plasmas under an electrostatic field, which is also validated by the PIC modeling results. Based on this analytical model, influences of the key physical parameters, including the initial electron temperature and number density, plasma width and the externally applied electric voltage, on the ratio of the extracted ions are predicted. The calculated results show that a higher applied electric potential, smaller initial plasma number density and plasma width lead to a higher ratio of the extracted ions during the first stage; while in this stage, the initial electron temperature shows little effect on it. Meanwhile, more ions will be extracted before the plasma collapse once a higher electric potential is applied. The theoretical model presented in this paper is helpful not only for a deep understanding to the charged particle transport mechanisms for a bounded decaying plasma under an applied electrostatic field, but also for an optimization of the ion extraction process in practical applications.
Investigation of degradation and recovery characteristics of NBTI in 28-nm high-k metal gate process
Authors: Gong 巩 Wei-Tai 伟泰 , Li 李 Yan 闫 , Sun 孙 Ya-Bin 亚宾 , Shi 石 Yan-Ling 艳玲 , Li 李 Xiao-Jin 小进
Published: June 2023

Degradation induced by the negative bias temperature instability (NBTI) can be attributed to three mutually uncoupled physical mechanisms, i.e., the generation of interface traps (ΔV
IT), hole trapping in pre-existing gate oxide defects (ΔV
HT), and the generation of gate oxide defects (ΔV
OT). In this work, the characteristic of NBTI for p-type MOSFET fabricated by using a 28-nm high-k metal gate (HKMG) process is thoroughly studied. The experimental results show that the degradation is enhanced at a larger stress bias and higher temperature. The effects of the three underlying subcomponents are evaluated by using the comprehensive models. It is found that the generation of interface traps dominates the NBTI degradation during long-time NBTI stress. Moreover, the NBTI parameters of the power-law time exponent and temperature activation energy as well as the gate oxide field acceleration are extracted. The dependence of operating lifetime on stress bias and temperature is also discussed. It is observed that NBTI lifetime significantly decreases as the stress increases. Furthermore, the decrease of charges related to interface traps and hole detrapping in pre-existing gate oxide defects are used to explain the recovery mechanism after stress.
Size effect on transverse free vibrations of ultrafine nanothreads
Authors: Zheng 郑 Zhuoqun 卓群 , Li 李 Han 晗 , Su 宿 Zhu 柱 , Ding 丁 Nan 楠 , Xu 徐 Xu 旭 , Zhan 占 Haifei 海飞 , Wang 王 Lifeng 立峰
Published: June 2023

Due to their unique properties and appealing applications, low dimensional sp3 carbon nanostructures have attracted increasing attention recently. Based on the beam theory and atomistic studies, this work carries out a comprehensive investigation on the vibrational properties of the ultrathin carbon nanothreads (NTH). Size effect is observed in transverse free vibrations of NTHs. To quantify such effects, the modified couple stress theory (MCST) is utilized to modify the Timoshenko beam theory. According to the first four order frequencies of NTHs from atomistic simulations, the critical length scale parameter of MCST is calibrated as 0.1 nm. It is shown that MCST has minor effect on the first four order modal shapes, except for the clamped boundary. MCST makes the modal shapes at the clamped boundary closer to those observed in atomistic simulations. This study suggests that to some extent the MCST-based Timoshenko beam theory can well describe the transverse vibration characteristics of the ultrafine NTHs, which are helpful for designing and fabricating the NTH-based nanoscale mechanical resonators.
Development of A High-temperature Piezoelectric Ultrasonic Transducer Based on a Glass Substrate
Authors: Liu Yue , Sun Changhe
Published: June 2023

The piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer is a key device in ultrasonic applications. In oil logging, the bottom-hole temperature increases with the drilling depth. With the rapid increase of deep and ultra-deep well exploration, the bottom-hole temperature can reach 175°C or even higher, so new requirements are made for the stability of piezoelectric ultrasonic transducers for logging to work in such high-temperature environments. In this paper, a high-temperature piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer (HT-PUT) based on the high-temperature glass substrate has been developed and characterized in detail. After HT-PUT device fabrication and electromechanical experimental tests, it is shown that both the resonant frequency curve and the effective electromechanical coupling coefficient can be regulated and optimized by changing the size of the through-hole cavity in the glass substrate. After designing an appropriate through-hole cavity, the effective electromechanical coupling coefficient of the HT-PUT in the thickness-extensional mode can be significantly improved by 64.9%. The HT-PUT was tested in the temperature range of 25 °C to 250 °C, and its resonant frequency was only shifted down by 3.2%. This work demonstrates a high-temperature glass-based piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer that can operate in harsh conditions above 250°C, such as oil and gas exploration applications.
Research on onboard multistage digital demultiplexer for satellite communication based on MF-TDMA system
Authors: Yang Ye , Wu Jiang , Wu Hao , Wang Yu
Published: June 2023

A new multicarrier multi-rate digital demultiplexer system structure based on MF-TDMA(Multi-Frequency Time Division Multiple Access) in a wideband satellite communication system is described. Compared with the traditional tree multicarrier demultiplexer method, the new structure uses a half-band filter instead of the quadrature mirror filter, which has three advantages: 1) It fully avoids the shortcomings of the traditional method, such as confusion distortion and amplitude distortion. 2) The computation to achieve filtering is reduced by nearly half. 3) It effectively improves the demodulation performance of the system. In this paper, the new structure performs the multistage digital demultiplexer and demodulation of the MF-TDMA signal. The results show no obvious signal distortion, which is demultiplexed by the new structure. The bit error rate of the demodulated signal is better than that of the traditional single carrier demodulator. The bit error rate is very close to the theoretical value of QPSK demodulation.
The Surface ligands of PbSe Colloidal Quantum Dots Towards the High-Performing Infrared Photodetection
Authors: Wen Zheng , Ke Guanlin , Yi Fangzhou , Sun Zhenhua
Published: June 2023

Lead selenide colloidal quantum dots (PbSe CQDs) have the characteristics of an adjustable band gap, low cost, and easy processing. It is one of the ideal materials for developing infrared photodetectors and has broad application prospects in optical fiber communication, biomedical imaging, national defense, and other fields. Indium gallium zinc oxide (IGZO) is an n-type semiconductor material with high mobility. In this paper, an infrared photodetector with IGZO-PbSe CQDs heterojunction is fabricated, with the PbSe CQDs capped by MPA, TBAI, or EDT. The photodetection performance of these photodetectors is studied and compared, to reveal the best choice of the surface ligand of the PbSe CQDs for the photodetection. This work provides useful and solid knowledge that shall enlighten the optoelectronic application of PbSe CQDs.
A Fast-Transient Responses Power-efficiency LDO Regulator with Transient-current Enhanced Buffer
Authors: Liao Pengfei , Lai Baichong , Pu Lin , Li Peng , Yang Feng , Du Songyang , Huang Xiaozong
Published: June 2023

In this paper, we introduce a Low-Dropout (LDO) Regulator that features a transient-current enhanced buffer, providing fast transient responses and high-power efficiency. The buffer, which incorporates an AC-coupled network and a high-gain stage, enhances the load transient response by boosting the charging or discharging current to the gate capacitor of the power transistor, without consuming extra power under varying load conditions. The LDO was designed using a standard 65 nm CMOS process and has a load capacitance of 100 pF and an on-chip compensation capacitance of only 2.7 pF. Simulation results reveal that the LDO has a low static current of 20 μA and a maximum load capacity of 200 mA. When the LDO output switches from a light load of 100 μA to a heavy load of 20 mA within 1 μs, the undershoot voltage is 53 mV and the transient response time is 1.34 μs. Conversely, when switching from heavy load to light load, the overshoot voltage is 51 mV and the transient response time is 0.50 μs.
Development of a 7T 1H/2H dual-tuned transceiver separation active decoupler MRI probe
Authors: Wang Wei , Liu Kewen , Liu Xinjie , Zhang Zhi , Cheng Xin , Bao Qingjia , Zhou Xin , Liu Chaoyang
Published: June 2023

Based on the current deuterium metabolism imaging (DMI) technology analysis, a design scheme of a dual-core imaging coil suitable for a 7T MRI system is proposed. The size and structure of the shield layer are optimized. Based on the single-layer shield structure, a double-layer shield structure is proposed to improve the stability of the probe. A detuning circuit is added to the 2H transmitting and receiving coils so that they can work in time for better decoupling. According to the design scheme, the 1H/2H dual-core imaging coil was fabricated and applied to the 7T magnetic resonance system. We performed imaging experiments on D2O samples and quantitatively compared the correlation performance (SNR) of a 1H/2H dual-tuned RF coil with the same size deuterium transceiving-receiving integrated surface coil. The results verified that deuterium metabolism imaging using 1H/2H dual-tuned transmit-receiving separation MRI probe can effectively improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the target region.