bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Subsweep: Extensions to the sweep method for radiative transfer
Authors: Peter Toni , Lewis Joseph S. W. , Klessen Ralf S. , Glover Simon C. O. , Kanschat Guido
Published: November 2024

We introduce the radiative transfer postprocessing code SUBSWEEP. The code is based on the method of transport sweeps, in which the exact solution to the scattering-less radiative transfer equation is computed in a single pass through the entire computational grid. The radiative transfer module is coupled to radiation chemistry, and chemical compositions as well as temperatures of the cells are evolved according to photon fluxes computed during radiative transfer. SUBSWEEP extends the method of transport sweeps by incorporating sub-timesteps in a hierarchy of partial sweeps of the grid. This alleviates the need for a low, global timestep and as a result SUBSWEEP is able to drastically reduce the amount of computation required for accurate integration of the coupled radiation chemistry equations. We succesfully apply the code to a number of physical tests such as the expansion of HII regions, the formation of shadows behind dense objects, and its behavior in the presence of periodic boundary conditions.
First comparative exoplanetology within a transiting multi-planet system: Comparing the atmospheres of V1298 Tau b and c
Authors: Barat Saugata , Désert Jean-Michel , Goyal Jayesh M. , Vazan Allona , Kawashima Yui , Fortney Jonathan J. , Bean Jacob L. , Line Michael R. , Panwar Vatsal , Jacobs Bob , Shivkumar Hinna , Sikora James , Baeyens Robin , Oklopčić Antonija , David Trevor J. , Livingston John H.
Published: November 2024

The V1298 Tau system is a multi-planet system that provides the opportunity to perform comparative exoplanetology between planets orbiting the same star. Because of its young age (20–30 Myr), this system also provides the opportunity to compare the planet’s early evolutionary properties, right after their formation. We present the first atmospheric comparison between two transiting exoplanets within the same multiple planet system: V1298 Tau b and V1298 Tau c. We observed one primary transit for each planet with the Hubble Space Telescope (HST), using Grism 141 (G141) of Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3). We fit the spectroscopic light curves using state-of-the-art techniques to derive the transmission spectrum for planet c and adopted the transmission spectrum of planet b obtained with the same observing configuration and data analysis methods from previous studies. We measured the mass of planet b and c (8−2+4, 17−6+13 M⊕ ; respectively) from the transmission spectrum and found the two planets to have masses in the Neptune or sub-Neptune regime. Using atmospheric retrievals, we measured and compared the atmospheric metallicities of planet b and c (logZ/Z⊙=−2.04−0.590.69, logZ/Z⊙ = −0.16−0.941.15, respectively), and found them to be consistent with the solar or sub-solar, which is low (at least one order of magnitude) compared to known mature Neptune and sub-Neptune planets. This discrepancy could be explained by ongoing early evolutionary mechanisms, which are expected to enrich the atmospheres of such young planets as they mature. Alternatively, the observed spectrum of planet c can be explained by atmospheric hazes, which is in contrast to planet b, where efficient haze formation can be ruled out. Higher haze formation efficiency in planet c could be due to differences in atmospheric composition, temperature and/or higher UV flux compared to planet b. In addition, planet c is likely to experience a higher fraction of mass loss compared to planet b, given its proximity to the host star.
Gender equality and Young Minds
Authors: Brackenhoff Stefanie , Vecchi Manuela , Martín Valderrama Carmen
Published: November 2024

Since the beginning of history, women have been part of science and technology and their contribution has been key to the progress of these disciplines. However, in most cases, their achievements and discoveries have been systematically ignored and they have rarely received the recognition they deserve.
Nobel Prize 2024: Neural networks
Authors: Mézard Marc
Published: November 2024

The year 2024 will be remembered as a landmark: for the first time, the Nobel Prizes in Physics and in Chemistry were awarded to neural networks used for modern machine learning.
The hot universe revealed by eROSITA
Authors: Reiprich Thomas H. , Merloni Andrea
Published: November 2024

eROSITA onboard the Spectrum-Roentgen-Gamma (SRG) orbital observatory is the most powerful X-ray survey telescope ever built, thanks to its unique combination of large effective area and degree-wide field of view. Its survey has already led to several discoveries and groundbreaking results covering essentially all fields of astrophysics. Here, we review a few of them.
Krank, weil der Körper (sich) beschwert: von somatoformen Störungen der ICD-10 zur
somatischen Belastungsstörung der ICD-11
Authors: Hausteiner-Wiehle Constanze
Published: November 2024

Körperbeschwerden gehören zum menschlichen Alltag 1, 2. Sie können körperliche Erkrankungen anzeigen, korrelieren aber
nur zum Teil mit deren Ausmaß und treten auch auf, wenn man als „körperlich gesund“ gilt. Sind sie
besonders anhaltend und belastend, werden sie zu eigenständigen Krankheiten. In der ICD-10 wurden
diese zuletzt als „somatoforme Störungen“ bezeichnet. Die ICD-11 wählt nun einen grundlegend anderen
Zugang.
Somatische Belastungsstörungen systemisch verstehen und behandeln
Authors: Eder Lothar
Published: November 2024

Der Artikel zeigt am Fallbeispiel einer multiplen Störung des körperlichen Wohlbefindens ohne
organische Ursachen, wie somatische Belastungsstörungen systemisch verstanden werden können und wie
therapeutisch mit derartigen Störungen gearbeitet werden kann. Das Vorgehen orientiert sich am Begriff
der Selbstregulation, wie ihn Helm Stierlin beschrieben hat. Störung wird somit verstanden als Störung
der gesunden Selbstregulation.
Meditative Bewegungsverfahren und Achtsamkeit bei somatoformen
Störungen
Authors: Schwinn Petra
Published: November 2024

Hauptsymptomebene bei Menschen mit somatoformer Störung ist der Körper, besonders häufig der
Bewegungsapparat. Eine geeignete Bewegungstherapie kann die indizierte Psychotherapie sinnvoll
unterstützen. Doch welche meditative Bewegungstherapie ist für welchen Patienten geeignet und was muss
bei achtsamkeitsbasierten Übungen besonders beachtet werden?
Integrierte Versorgung von Menschen mit somatischer Belastungsstörung über ein
spezialisiertes Angebot in der Hausarztpraxis
Authors: von Eickels Deborah , Haun Markus W.
Published: November 2024

Die somatische Belastungsstörung (SSD) ist durch anhaltendes Auftreten von einem oder mehrerer
somatischer Symptome sowie exzessive Gedanke und Ängste in Bezug auf die Symptome charakterisiert.
Neben psychosomatisch-psychotherapeutischer Behandlungsoptionen soll im Folgenden ein Beispiel für die
integrierte Versorgung über ein telemedizinisch gestütztes spezialisiertes Angebot in der
Hausarztpraxis vorgestellt werden.
Psychotherapie bei Somatischer Belastungsstörung
Authors: Kleinstäuber Maria
Published: November 2024

Die Somatische Belastungsstörung (SBS) wird als ein biopsychosoziales Phänomen im
Überschneidungsbereich verschiedener Disziplinen, einschließlich Psychologie und Medizin, angesehen.
Eine Behandlung kann nur erfolgreich sein, wenn die Störung aus verschiedenen – u. a. medizinischen
und psychologischen – Perspektiven betrachtet wird. Als Teil eines interdisziplinären
Behandlungsansatzes spielen psychotherapeutische Verfahren eine führende Rolle.
Exposition bei chronischen Rückenschmerzen – Effektivität und praktische Umsetzung
Authors: Vogt Rabea , Schemer Lea , Glombiewski Julia
Published: November 2024

In der Behandlung chronischer Rückenschmerzen gilt die psychologische Schmerztherapie als wichtiger Baustein. Neben bewältigungsorientierten Elementen der kognitiven Verhaltenstherapie könnte die Expositionstherapie eine weitere Behandlungsstrategie sein, die Bewegungsangst und Vermeidungsverhalten fokussiert. Der Beitrag gibt einen Überblick über den Behandlungsansatz, der in der Praxis sicher und effizient umgesetzt werden kann.
Ultrasound of Postoperative Ankle Instability: How to Manage with Arthroscopic Reparation or Anatomical Reconstruction of Lateral Ankle Ligaments
Authors: Dallaudière Benjamin , Dalmau-Pastor Miki , Pesquer Lionel , Boudahmane Sofiane , Cordier Guillaume
Published: November 2024

Surgical repair or reconstruction of lateral ankle ligaments is indicated in patients with persistent ankle instability, with arthroscopic/endoscopic treatment becoming more frequent. Although presurgical imaging of the ankle is always standard procedure, more is needed to understand the evolution of the repaired ligament or the tendinous graft to help improve length of postoperative time and functional results. This review describes the normal ultrasound aspects and possible complications of repaired/reconstructed ankle ligaments after an all-inside endoscopic repair/reconstruction of the anterior talofibular ligament and the calcaneofibular ligament.
Surveying the future of wearable sensor technology
Authors: Ikenson Ben
Published: November 2024

Advancements and potential research directions in multimodal skin-like sensors
The 4EHP-mediated translational repression of cGAS impedes the host immune response against DNA viruses
Authors: Ladak Reese Jalal , Choi Jung-Hyun , Luo Jun , Chen Owen J. , Mahmood Niaz , He Alexander J. , Naeli Parisa , Snell Patric Harris , Bayani Esha , Hoang Huy-Dung , Alain Tommy , Teodoro Jose G. , Wang Jianwei , Zhang Xu , Jafarnejad Seyed Mehdi , Sonenberg Nahum
Published: November 2024

A critical host response against viral infections entails the activation of innate immune signaling that culminates in the production of antiviral proteins. DNA viruses are sensed by the cytosolic pattern recognition receptor cyclic GMP–AMP synthase (cGAS), which initiates a signaling pathway that results in production of proinflammatory cytokines such as Interferon-β (IFN-β) and activation of the antiviral response. Precise regulation of the antiviral innate immune response is required to avoid deleterious effects of its overactivation. We previously reported that the 4EHP/GIGYF2 translational repressor complex reduces the translation of
Ifnb1
mRNA, which encodes IFN-β, upon RNA viral infections. Here, we report a distinct regulatory mechanism by which 4EHP controls replication of DNA viruses by translational repression of the
Cgas
mRNA, which encodes the DNA viral sensor cGAS. We show that 4EHP is required for effective translational repression of
Cgas
mRNA triggered by miR-23a. Upon infection, 4EHP deficiency bolsters the elicited innate immune response against the diverse DNA viruses Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) and Vaccinia Virus (VacV) and concomitantly reduces their rate of replication in vitro and in vivo. This study elucidates an intrinsic regulatory mechanism of the host response to DNA viruses which may provide unique opportunities for countering viral infections.
1.1.4. The nineteenth century
Authors: Perry Seamus
Published: November 2024

Classical textual theory based itself on the idea of an authorial manuscript which was almost always missing; but textual studies of the modern period, as theorised by McGann, face a different problem: not an insufficiency of data but a surfeit of it. In fact, not all nineteenth-century authors thought to preserve their manuscripts, but many did, and the abundance of material produced by this change in literary culture creates a whole new set of challenges for the textual scholar. Where does textual authority lie in a complex field of multiple texts, both in draft and in successive print editions?
1.2.1. Nordic traditions
Authors: Katajamäki Sakari
Published: November 2024

In the continental Nordic countries, the relatedness of the Scandinavian languages Danish, Norwegian and Swedish, and the status of Swedish as an official language of Finland have contributed to the transnational interaction in textual scholarship and edition philology. Historically, especially the Romantic, nation-oriented thought has influenced the way in which literary archives have been assembled and organised. In the twentieth century, many extensive Scandinavian and Finnish editorial projects of canonised nineteenth-century writers have had an important impact on the availability and usability of archival sources, and have enabled academic training in the use of literary manuscripts. Thus, even the most recent trends in the study of literary drafts are historically based on the infrastructures, practices and scholarly traditions derived from Romanticism.
1.2.5. German traditions
Authors: Henzel Katrin
Published: November 2024

In German-speaking countries, scientific, poetological as well as political criteria have shaped literary archives, especially during the nineteenth century – with impact on their selection of manuscripts regarding authors, epochs and genres to the present day. The historical-critical edition and the genetic edition as one of its subtypes can be seen as a product of these circumstances and will be considered in this chapter to point out the varying role of literary drafts on the perception and reception of literary works. This must also include a critical examination of the German editorial tradition that – although a gradual change is emerging – still predominantly concentrates on canonical works.
1.3.2. Revision
Authors: Sullivan Hannah
Published: November 2024

Understood in its broadest sense, as the amelioration or improvement of an earlier textual state, revision is a universal compositional practice. At the same time, authors’ ideas about revision, their capacity for making changes, and the changes themselves are strongly influenced by both the material circumstances of writing and by broader cultural ideas about originality and the ontology of artworks. In addition, the study of revision informs very different intellectual disciplines and methodologies: creative writing pedagogy; editorial practice; traditional biographical criticism; and genetic criticism. This chapter provides a basic typology of different types of revision and comments on the complex types of evidence with which critics have to contend.
1.5.3. Orthography. rogue glyphics
Authors: Sutherland Kathryn
Published: November 2024

When it comes to orthography, there is no straightforward triumph of type technology over manuscript. If printing brought greater regularisation, it did so over centuries. Until at least 1900, spelling variation signified the flexibility available within public printed and private handwritten text. Examples in verse and prose from c.1600–1900 suggest how spelling is bound up with issues of readership and standard usage, on the one hand, and, on the other, of recording those forms that lie beyond print: dialect, slang, archaisms, phonetic rendering of speech forms, and more. Orthographic irregularity represents the world as multi-voiced, providing a rhythm for both eye and ear. Authors, publishers, and printers have all used spelling to censor or enable communication.
2.1.2. Born-digital documents
Authors: Van Ongeval Isabelle
Published: November 2024

These are exciting times for literary archivists. Nowadays, a writer’s legacy presents itself as large chunks of hybrid and disrupted data, partly analogue and partly digital. This chapter reflects on the challenges faced by literary archivists in acquiring, managing, and unlocking born-digital archives of writers, publishers, and literary organisations. There is a real threat of gaps emerging in collections of literary archives, because of the hybrid way a writer writes in the twenty-first century, as well as the unpreparedness of archival institutions. Literary archives are in need of technical skills for dealing with born-digital content in many forms, from obsolete carriers to online content. Finally, they need to work on the writers’ awareness of the fragility of their digital content. Overall, there is a strong need for more and structural collaboration with IT professionals, academics, and the makers of literary archives in order to secure, manage, and unlock born-digital literary archives.
2.3.1. Film
Authors: Paulus Tom
Published: November 2024

This chapter aims to test the saliency of textual or genetic criticism for film studies. My suggestions take two directions: on the one hand, I propose that the philological task of the genetic critic to compare different versions of a literary text, finds an equivalent in the job of the film preservationist. In a second move, I look at the problematic of creative control in an art rooted from the beginning in an industrial model. Considering the American “auteur” cinema of the 1970s, I argue that the filmmaker’s newly-won right of “final cut” led to endless revisions and the “modernist” sense that the “text” can never be finished.
2.3.3. Architecture
Authors: Schreurs Eireen , Schrijver Lara
Published: November 2024

This chapter addresses architecture as a cultural and visual medium, in which the design process is typically hidden in office archives and the multiple media of design genesis. In modernist architecture, the architect was seen as a visionary genius and a semblance of “purity” was integral to understanding a building’s design. This stands in contrast to how buildings have historically come to be: it neglects the many actors and elements that “construct” the final project, from materials available to local building habits and from contractors to codes and regulations. Revisiting the design process from the perspective of genetic criticism allows a review of the multiple paths that are brought together in a final, working drawing from which the contractor can begin to build. This chapter addresses the pre-construction design phase from initial sketch to final plans in order to reveal how different media intervene in the thought process, and how building cultures express themselves in the result.
Genomic surveillance for tackling emerging plant diseases, with special reference to wheat blast
Authors: Islam Tofazzal
Published: November 2024

Plant diseases are responsible for 20–40% of global crop yield losses, posing a significant threat to food security in the face of an ever-growing population. Genomic surveillance emerges as a powerful tool for diagnosing, early warning, and mitigating emerging plant diseases. This approach provides molecular insights into plant-pathogen interactions, essential for developing durable management strategies. Various omics techniques, including metagenomics, are employed in genomic surveillance to systematically monitor and analyze pathogen genomes. These analyses enable early detection of emerging threats, characterization of pathogen populations, tracking of pathogen movement, and accurate prediction of disease outbreaks. Genomic data serve as the foundation for point-of-care disease management using genome-specific primers and CRISPR technology. Despite its significant advantages, genomic surveillance faces challenges such as data analysis complexity, protocol standardization, ethical considerations, and technology accessibility. Key strategies to address these challenges include open data sharing, open science, and international collaboration. Recent advancements in sequencing technologies, bioinformatics tools, and collaborative networks offer promising solutions to these challenges, enhancing the potential of genomic surveillance in plant pathology. This comprehensive review updates the current progress and future prospects of genomic surveillance in disease detection and sustainable plant health management. It critically discusses the challenges of large-scale application and explores mitigation strategies through open data sharing, open science, and international collaboration.
Thermal pressure on ultrarelativistic bubbles from a semiclassical formalism
Authors: Long Andrew J. , Turner Jessica
Published: November 2024

We study a planar bubble wall that is traveling at an ultrarelativistic speed through a thermal plasma. This situation may arise during a first-order electroweak phase transition in the early universe. As particles cross the wall, it is assumed that their mass grows frommatomb, and they are decelerated causing them to emit massless radiation (mc= 0). We are interested in the momentum transfer to the wall, the thermal pressure felt by the wall, and the resultant terminal velocity of the wall. We employ the semiclassical current radiation (SCR) formalism to perform these calculations. An incident-charged particle is treated as a point-like classical electromagnetic current, and the spectrum of quantum electromagnetic radiation (photons) is derived by calculating appropriate matrix elements. To understand how the spectrum depends on the thickness of the wall, we explore simplified models for the current corresponding to an abrupt and a gradual deceleration. For the model of abrupt deceleration, we find that the SCR formalism can reproduce thePtherm∝γ0wscaling found in earlier work by assuming that the emission is soft, but if the emission is not soft the SCR formalism can be used to obtainPtherm∝γ2winstead. For the model of gradual deceleration, we find that the wall thicknessLwenters to cutoff the otherwise log-flat radiation spectrum above a momentum of ∼γ2w/Lw, and we discuss the connections with classical electromagnetic bremsstrahlung.
Axion signals from neutron star populations
Authors: Bhura U. , Battye R.A. , McDonald J.I. , Srinivasan S.
Published: November 2024

Neutron stars provide a powerful probe of axion dark matter, especially in higher
frequency ranges where there remain fewer laboratory constraints. Populations of neutron stars
near the Galactic Centre have been proposed as a means to place strong constraints on axion dark
matter. One downside of this approach is that there are very few direct observations of neutron
stars in this region, introducing uncertainties in the total number of neutron stars in this
“invisible” population at the Galactic Centre, whose size must be inferred through birth rate
modelling. We suggest this number could also be reduced due to stellar dynamics carrying stars
away from the Galactic Centre via large kick velocities at birth. We attempt to circumvent the
uncertainty on the Galactic Centre population size by modelling the axion signal from better
understood populations outside the Galactic Centre using PsrPopPy which is normalised
against pulsar observations. We consider lower-frequency, wider-angle searches for this signal via
a range of instruments including MeerKAT and SKA-low but find that the sensitivity is not
competitive with existing constraints. Finally, returning to the Galactic Centre, we compare
populations to single objects as targets for axion detection. Using the latest modelling of
axion-photon conversion in the Galactic Centre magnetar, we conclude that within astrophysical
uncertainties, the Galactic Centre population and the magnetar could give comparable sensitivities
to axion dark matter, suggesting one should continue to search for both signals in
future surveys.
Non-uniform electron density estimation based on electromagnetic wave attenuation in plasma
Authors: Wang 王 Zhaoying 召迎 , Guo 郭 Lixin 立新 , Fu 付 Maixia 麦霞 , Guo 郭 Shaoshuai 韶帅 , Li 李 Yinsheng 寅生
Published: November 2024

The surface of a high-speed vehicle reentering the atmosphere is surrounded by plasma sheath. Due to the influence of the inhomogeneous flow field around the vehicle, understanding the electromagnetic properties of the plasma sheath can be challenging. Obtaining the electron density of the plasma sheath is crucial for understanding and achieving plasma stealth of vehicles. In this work, the relationship between electromagnetic wave attenuation and electron density is deduced theoretically. The attenuation distribution along the propagation path is found to be proportional to the integral of the plasma electron density. This result is used to predict the electron density profile. Furthermore, the average electron density is obtained using a back-propagation neural network algorithm. Finally, the spatial distribution of the electron density can be determined from the average electron density and the normalized derivative of attenuation with respect to the propagation depth. Compared to traditional probe measurement methods, the proposed approach not only improves efficiency but also preserves the integrity of the plasma environment.
Unique Existence of Solution for A Fifth-order Fractional-type Fuzzy Difference Equation
Authors: Teng Xu , Wang Changyou , Li Lian
Published: November 2024

Based on the fuzzy numbers’ g-division, a fifth-order fractional-type fuzzy difference equation is a focus of research in this article. Firstly, by means of the fuzzy set theory, the fuzzy difference equation is converted into a homogamous constant difference equation with parameters, where the parameter values range from 0 to 1. Secondly, the unique existence of solutions to ordinary differential equations was obtained through iterative methods, inequality techniques, and mathematical induction. Finally, the unique existence of a solution to the fuzzy difference equations was proved.
Development of Rapid Evaluation and Analysis Cloud System for Bearing Capacity of Highway Bridges
Authors: Song Jianyong , Wang Zhicheng , Zhao An
Published: November 2024

In order to address and optimize the issues in the current assessment of bridge bearing capacity, such as the heavy workload associated with processing bridge data, the tedious modeling process, the inability to automatically calculate sub-item correction coefficients, and the lack of automatic report output and key data analysis functions, this paper has developed a cloud-based rapid calculation and analysis system for highway bridge bearing capacity. Firstly, the system is capable of quickly establishing finite element models and conducting detailed finite element calculations and analyses. Subsequently, based on field test data, it automatically calculates checking coefficients for each item and compares and analyzes the bridge’s bearing capacity. Utilizing a cloud network platform enables more convenient and rapid creation of bridge tasks and projects, key data statistical analysis, automatic report output, among other functions. Examples demonstrate that the system achieves data fusion, statistics, result verification which shifts highway bridge bearing capacity evaluation towards networking and automation while enhancing efficiency and quality in carrying capacity evaluation work.
A Semi-supervised Protein Complex Identification Algorithm Based on Sparseness Constraint
Authors: Liu Guangming , Dang Fengqing , Wang Bin , Peng Yonghong , Wang Xiaofan , Tan Li
Published: November 2024

Recognising protein complexes in protein interaction networks is crucial, but poses a major challenge due to the frequency of noisy interactions. These networks typically involve numerous protein complexes, with each protein generally only participating in a few complexes. Current recognition models often ignore this aspect. To address this problem, we present a semi-supervised protein complex identification algorithm that extends non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) with sparsity constraints. In contrast to conventional approaches that apply a global sparsity constraint to the entire matrix, our method imposes individual sparsity constraints on protein membership indicator vectors. This targeted strategy controls the algorithm more effectively. Our experimental results with yeast and human protein interaction networks show that our algorithm achieves higher accuracy in identifying protein complexes than leading contemporary methods.
Modeling and Optimization Algorithm for Rotational Irrigation Group Based on Connectivity Weighted Index
Authors: Li Wei , Deng Hongtao , Lin ping , Ding lianjun , Cao bing
Published: November 2024

Manual calculations for rotational irrigation groups are inefficient, and a single objective cannot provide farmers with diverse options. Based on considering both engineering standards and practical needs, this study designs a connectivity index and proposes a new model with the optimization objectives of balanced flow and minimum connectivity. To address infeasible solutions and constraint issues, A hybrid genetic algorithm based on variable neighborhoods is adopted to enhance the search capability of the classical non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm. The effectiveness and universality of the model and algorithm are verified through multiple real-world cases. The research shows that the proposed multi-objective model is more practical than a single-objective model, and farmers can be provided with diverse Pareto solutions by adjusting the weight index ω. The variable neighborhood search algorithm enhances the search capability within the radius threshold, improves population diversity, and analyzes the radius threshold and branch pipe flow parameters to explore factors that affect algorithm performance and indicators.
Multi-Objective Reliable Optimization Dispatch of High-proportion Power System Based on Improved Particle Swarm Algorithm
Authors: Huang Linyun , Zhang Yong , Su Yujie , Bae Youngchul
Published: November 2024

Energy storage technology is pivotal for managing high-proportion power system consumption and maintaining real-time power balance. The optimal configuration of energy storage is influenced by factors such as capacity, wind power loads, and output power. This paper utilizes dynamic programming to evaluate the operational efficiency of conventional units and wind turbines within the power system, followed by the application of an enhanced particle swarm optimization algorithm to tackle optimization challenges. A BP neural network is employed to predict the impact of different units on the power balance of the micro-grid, aiming to achieve maximum comprehensive benefits and minimize investment costs. A reliability model is proposed to balance power storage and load release, thereby improving system stability and reliability. Simulation results demonstrate that dynamic programming combined with enhanced particle swarm optimization can reduce the operating costs of the micro-grid, highlighting the practical advantages of power system energy storage technology.
Adaptive Prediction and Error Correction of Outlet Moisture Content in Rotary Drying Using Multivariate Linear Regression and Transfer Function Models
Authors: Gao Yulei , Qi Jun Xing Yu , Wu Yongxin , Yang Yaojing , Zhou Xiaolong , Han Jinjiang
Published: November 2024

To achieve adaptive prediction and error correction of tobacco moisture content after rotary drying in cigarette production, hierarchical cluster analysis was employed to prune the drying parameters of cut tobacco. Leveraging the data characteristics observed during the drying process, we constructed a multivariate linear regression model and a transfer function model based on principal component analysis. For seamless implementation in a computer program, both forecasting models were discretized. The prediction error was corrected online using the moving average method and the second-order exponential smoothing method to enhance the models’ adaptive capability and prediction accuracy. Results from the production environment indicate that while the multivariate linear regression model can generally capture the overall trend of data changes, it falls short in accurately predicting local and real-time moisture variations. In contrast, the transfer function model, enhanced with second-order exponential smoothing, improved the root mean square error (RMSE) and the coefficient of determination (R2) to 0.052 and 0.779, respectively. This adaptive approach effectively accommodates the dynamic characteristics of the rotary drying process, captures random fluctuations in moisture, and delivers precise moisture predictions.
Simulation and Field Measurement of Wind-Induced Vibration Response Characteristics of the Lightning Rod
Authors: Guo Wei , Ma Wenchang , Hu Mengqin , Meng Jiazheng , Liu Yanliang , Shang Yanjun , Liu Bo , Xu Jianxin , He Bo
Published: November 2024

Studying the wind-induced vibration model and response characteristics of lightning rods is crucial for achieving their rational design and wind stability. To address the current shortcomings in considering on-site wind load characteristics and the lack of differentiated considerations in the design phase of lightning rods, it is essential to establish an effective simulation model that accurately reproduces the wind induced vibration response of lightning rods and extracts key parameters for analysis. In this study, a 330kV independent lightning rod in Ningxia province, China, was identified as the subject of analysis. Building upon the structural vibration model, the response of the lightning rod to wind induced vibrations was calculated, and the simulation results were systematically validated through on-site measurements. The results indicate that the simulation model developed in this study can effectively replicate the vibration process of the lightning rod under wind load, providing comprehensive mechanical data. The research findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the wind induced characteristics of on-site lightning rods, facilitating the simulation analysis of lightning rod wind induced responses. Furthermore, the vibration law and characteristic parameters of the lightning rod structure hold great significance for the differentiated design and structural health monitoring of independent lightning rods.
Rolling over Simulation and Structure Optimization of Electric Automobile Charging Gun
Authors: Yuan Pengfei , Jiang Bingyun , Li Dayong , Liu Junlei , Wilfried Andre , Youani Tiako
Published: November 2024

The anti-rolling performance of the electric vehicle charging gun is critical in its daily work. Firstly, to improve the accuracy of the simulation, the tire FEA model is modeled in detail, including the tire airbag simulation tire pressure, the Beam unit simulation tire bead wire, etc. We also calibrate the FEA model of the charging gun. Secondly, through the rolling-over simulation and comparison with the test results, both the gun heads are broken and the damage positions of both are the same, which indicates the accuracy of the rolling-over simulation model. Finally, based on the results of the rolling-over simulation and test, the structure of the charging gun is optimized, the rolling-over simulation and test are carried out again, and the charging gun head and the gun shell are not damaged. The results show that the simulation model can guide the design of the anti-rolling performance of charging gun.
Synthesis and Analysis of 3-CPC Space Mobile Parallel Mechanism
Authors: Hu X Y , Mao F L , Hu K
Published: November 2024

The degree of freedom of 3-CPC space mobile parallel mechanism is calculated according to the screw theory, and the kinematics model of 3-CPC space mobile parallel mechanism is established by coordinate transformation method. By analyzing the forward and inverse kinematics, the Jacobian matrix 3-CPC space mobile parallel mechanism is derived. The workspace is obtained, and the kinematics performance is simulated. The results show that the forward and inverse kinematics of 3-CPC space mobile parallel mechanism is simple to solve, the workspace is large, and the mechanism has good kinematics performance and strong practical value. Finally, the 3-CPC space mobile mechanism is applied to the vibrating screen for material screening, and the motion trajectory of the moving platform is obtained. The kinematic performance analysis 3-CPC space mobile parallel mechanism provides the theoretical basis for the application of the mechanism.
Rebuilding Democracy, Mid 1930s to Mid 1950s
Authors: Bingham Adrian
Published: November 2024

This chapter argues that from the mid 1930s the increasing strength of the democratic ideal and the growing prominence of working-class and left-wing voices in the public domain allowed the significant popular anger at mass unemployment and social inequality to be heard. The outbreak of the Second World War, and the discrediting of the Conservative policy of appeasement, generated a strong feeling that the reward for the sacrifices and hardships of conflict needed to be genuine and far-reaching reconstruction, rather than the false promises of the post-1918 period. Labour benefitted from these feelings and, with its unprecedented mobilization of working-class support, it swept to a landslide victory in 1945 and established itself as a party of government on equal terms with the Conservatives.
Physical activity and sedentary behaviour interventions for people living with both frailty and multiple long-term conditions and their informal carers: a scoping review and stakeholder consultation
Authors: Young Hannah M L , Henson Joseph , Dempsey Paddy C , Willis Scott A , Billany Roseanne E , Curtis Ffion , Gray Laura , Greenwood Sharlene , Herring Louisa Y , Highton Patrick , Kelsey Ryan J , Lock Selina , March Daniel S , Patel Krishna , Sargeant Jack , Sathanapally Harini , Sayer Avan A , Thomas Martha , Vadaszy Noemi , Watson Emma , Yates Tom , Davies Melanie
Published: November 2024

Introduction

This scoping review mapped evidence on physical activity (including structured exercise) and sedentary behaviour interventions (interventions to reduce sedentary behaviour) in people living with both frailty and multiple long-term conditions (MLTCs) and their informal carers.

Methods

Ten databases and grey literature were searched from 2000 to October 2023. Two reviewers screened studies and one extracted data. Results were shared with three stakeholder groups (n = 21) in a consultation phase.

Results

After screening, 155 papers from 144 studies (1 ongoing) were retained. The majority were randomised controlled trials (86, 55%). Participants’ mean age was 73 ± 12 years, and 73% were of White ethnicity. MLTC and frailty measurement varied widely. Most participants were pre-to-moderately frail. Physical health conditions predominated over mental health conditions.

Interventions focused on structured exercise (83 studies, 60%) or combined interventions (55 studies, 39%). Two (1%) and one (0.7%) focused solely on habitual physical activity or sedentary behaviour. Adherence was 81% (interquartile range 62%–89%) with goal setting, monitoring and support important to adherence. Carers were only involved in 15 (11%) studies. Most interventions reported positive outcomes, primarily focusing on body functions and structures.

Conclusions

A modest volume of evidence exists on multicomponent structured exercise interventions, with less focus on habitual physical activity and sedentary behaviour. Interventions report largely positive effects, but an updated systematic review is required. The field could be advanced by more rigorous characterisation of MLTCs, socioeconomic status and ethnicity, increased informal carer involvement and further evaluation of habitual physical activity and sedentary behaviour interventions.
I remember you! Multicomponent warning signals and predator memory
Authors: Szabó Anita , Bělová Magdalena , Exnerová Alice
Published: November 2024

To avoid potentially noxious prey, predators need to discriminate between palatable and unpalatable prey species. Unpalatable prey often exhibits visual warning signals, which can consist of multiple components, such as color and pattern. Although the role of particular components of visual warning signals in predator discrimination learning has been intensively studied, the importance of different components for predator memory is considerably less understood. In this study, we tested adult wild-caught great tits (Parus major) to find out, which components of prey visual warning signals are important when the birds learn to discriminate between palatable and unpalatable prey, and when they remember their experience over a longer time period. Birds were trained to discriminate between palatable and unpalatable artificial prey items that differed in both color and pattern. After 4 wk, the birds were retested in 3 groups: the first group was presented with the same prey as in the training, the second group was tested with the two prey types differing only in color, and the third group could use only the pattern as a discrimination trait. The results suggest that the birds remember their experience with unpalatable prey even after the period of 4 wk. Although the color appears to be more important than the pattern, the combination of both signal components is more effective for prey recognition after several weeks than either the color or pattern alone.
STRPsearch: fast detection of structured tandem repeat proteins
Authors: Mozaffari Soroush , Arrías Paula Nazarena , Clementel Damiano , Piovesan Damiano , Ferrari Carlo , Tosatto Silvio C E , Monzon Alexander Miguel
Published: November 2024

Motivation

Structured Tandem Repeats Proteins (STRPs) constitute a subclass of tandem repeats characterized by repetitive structural motifs. These proteins exhibit distinct secondary structures that form repetitive tertiary arrangements, often resulting in large molecular assemblies. Despite highly variable sequences, STRPs can perform important and diverse biological functions, maintaining a consistent structure with a variable number of repeat units. With the advent of protein structure prediction methods, millions of 3D models of proteins are now publicly available. However, automatic detection of STRPs remains challenging with current state-of-the-art tools due to their lack of accuracy and long execution times, hindering their application on large datasets. In most cases, manual curation remains the most accurate method for detecting and classifying STRPs, making it impracticable to annotate millions of structures.

Results

We introduce STRPsearch, a novel tool for the rapid identification, classification, and mapping of STRPs. Leveraging manually curated entries from RepeatsDB as the known conformational space of STRPs, STRPsearch uses the latest advances in structural alignment for a fast and accurate detection of repeated structural motifs in proteins, followed by an innovative approach to map units and insertions through the generation of TM-score profiles. STRPsearch is highly scalable, efficiently processing large datasets, and can be applied to both experimental structures and predicted models. In addition, it demonstrates superior performance compared to existing tools, offering researchers a reliable and comprehensive solution for STRP analysis across diverse proteomes.

Availability and implementation

STRPsearch is coded in Python. All scripts and associated documentation are available from: https://github.com/BioComputingUP/STRPsearch.
Sensitivities in protein allocation models reveal distribution of metabolic capacity and flux control
Authors: van den Bogaard Samira , Saa Pedro A , Alter Tobias B
Published: November 2024

Motivation

Expanding on constraint-based metabolic models, protein allocation models (PAMs) enhance flux predictions by accounting for protein resource allocation in cellular metabolism. Yet, to this date, there are no dedicated methods for analyzing and understanding the growth-limiting factors in simulated phenotypes in PAMs.

Results

Here, we introduce a systematic framework for identifying the most sensitive enzyme concentrations (sEnz) in PAMs. The framework exploits the primal and dual formulations of these models to derive sensitivity coefficients based on relations between variables, constraints, and the objective function. This approach enhances our understanding of the growth-limiting factors of metabolic phenotypes under specific environmental or genetic conditions. Compared to other traditional methods for calculating sensitivities, sEnz requires substantially less computation time and facilitates more intuitive comparison and analysis of sensitivities. The sensitivities calculated by sEnz cover enzymes, reactions and protein sectors, enabling a holistic overview of the factors influencing metabolism. When applied to an Escherichia coli PAM, sEnz revealed major pathways and enzymes driving overflow metabolism. Overall, sEnz offers a computational efficient framework for understanding PAM predictions and unraveling the factors governing a particular metabolic phenotype.

Availability and implementation

sEnz is implemented in the modular toolbox for the generation and analysis of PAMs in Python (PAModelpy; v.0.0.3.3), available on Pypi (https://pypi.org/project/PAModelpy/). The source code together with all other python scripts and notebooks are available on GitHub (https://github.com/iAMB-RWTH-Aachen/PAModelpy).
Dynamic coloration switching of electrochemically synthesized silver nanoparticles on the ITO electrode using a polymer capping agent
Authors: Uji Shun , Nakamura Kazuki , Kobayashi Norihisa
Published: November 2024

Silver nanoparticles associated with polyvinylpyrrolidone were synthesized using an electrochemical method. When the polyvinylpyrrolidone-adsorbed silver nanoparticles were immersed in solvents with hydroxyl groups, the polyvinylpyrrolidone interacted with the solvent by hydrogen bonding. Hence, the dielectric environment around silver nanoparticles changed, leading to dynamic coloration switching with high sensitivity, reversibility, and bistability owing to the localized surface plasmon resonance bands. This achievement can be expected to contribute to the solvatochromic devices for a kind of sensors or switches.
Predicting Risk of Tuberculosis (TB) Disease in People Who Migrate to a Low-TB Incidence Country: Development and Validation of a Multivariable, Dynamic Risk-Prediction Model Using Health Administrative Data
Authors: Puyat Joseph H , Brode Sarah K , Shulha Hennady , Romanowski Kamila , Menzies Dick , Benedetti Andrea , Duchen Raquel , Huang Anjie , Fang Jiming , Macdonald Liane , Marras Ted K , Rea Elizabeth , Kwong Jeffrey C , Campitelli Michael A , Campbell Jonathon R , Schwartzman Kevin , Cook Victoria J , Johnston James C
Published: November 2024

Background

Tuberculosis (TB) incidence remains disproportionately high in people who migrate to Canada and other countries with low TB incidence, but systematic TB screening and prevention in migrants are often cost-prohibitive for TB programs. We aimed to develop and validate a TB risk-prediction model to inform TB screening decisions in foreign-born permanent residents of Canada.

Methods

We developed and validated a proportional baselines landmark supermodel for TB risk prediction using health administrative data from British Columbia and Ontario, 2 distinct provincial healthcare systems in Canada. Demographic (age, sex, refugee status, year of entry, TB incidence in country of origin), TB exposure, and medical (human immunodeficiency virus, kidney disease, diabetes, solid organ transplantation, cancer) covariates were used to derive and test models in British Columbia; 1 model was chosen for external validation in the Ontario cohort. The model's ability to predict 2- and 5-year TB risk in the Ontario cohort was assessed using discrimination and calibration statistics.

Results

The study included 715 423 individuals (including 1407 people with TB disease) in the British Columbia derivation cohort and 958 131 individuals (including 1361 people with TB disease) in the Ontario validation cohort. The 2- and 5-year concordance statistic in the validation cohort was 0.77 (95% confidence interval [CI]: .75 to .78) and 0.77 (95% CI: .76 to .78), respectively. Calibration-in-the-large values were 0.14 (95% CI: .08 to .21) and −0.05 (95% CI: −.12 to .02) in 2- and 5-year prediction windows.

Conclusions

This prediction model, available online at https://tb-migrate.com, may improve TB risk stratification in people who migrate to low-incidence countries and may help inform TB screening policy and guidelines.