bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characterizing clouds with the CCClim dataset, a machine learning cloud class climatology
Authors: Kaps Arndt , Lauer Axel , Kazeroni Rémi , Stengel Martin , Eyring Veronika
Published: June 2024

Abstract. We present the new Cloud Class Climatology (CCClim) dataset, quantifying the global distribution of established morphological cloud types over 35 years. CCClim combines active and passive sensor data with machine learning (ML) and provides a new opportunity for improving the understanding of clouds and their related processes. CCClim is based on cloud property retrievals from the European Space Agency's (ESA) Cloud_cci dataset, adding relative occurrences of eight major cloud types, designed to be similar to those defined by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) at 1° resolution. The ML framework used to obtain the cloud types is trained on data from multiple satellites in the afternoon constellation (A-Train). Using multiple spaceborne sensors reduces the impact of single-sensor problems like the difficulty of passive sensors to detect thin cirrus or the small footprint of active sensors. We leverage this to generate sufficient labeled data to train supervised ML models. CCClim's global coverage being almost gapless from 1982 to 2016 allows for performing process-oriented analyses of clouds on a climatological timescale. Similarly, the moderate spatial and temporal resolutions make it a lightweight dataset while enabling straightforward comparison to climate models. CCClim creates multiple opportunities to study clouds, of which we sketch out a few examples. Along with the cloud-type frequencies, CCClim contains the cloud properties used as inputs to the ML framework, such that all cloud types can be associated with relevant physical quantities. CCClim can also be combined with other datasets such as reanalysis data to assess the dynamical regime favoring the occurrence of a specific cloud type in association with its properties. Additionally, we show an example of how to evaluate a global climate model by comparing CCClim with cloud types obtained by applying the same ML method used to create CCClim to output from the icosahedral nonhydrostatic atmosphere model (ICON-A). CCClim can be accessed via the following digital object identifier: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8369202 (Kaps et al., 2023b).
Effects of subsurface water infiltration systems on land movement dynamics in Dutch peat meadows
Authors: van Asselen Sanneke , Erkens Gilles , Fritz Christian , Hessel Rudi , van den Akker Jan J. H.
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Large-scale drainage and cultivation of peat soils over the last centuries, occurring worldwide, has resulted in substantial CO2 emission and land subsidence caused by peat decomposition by microbial activity, shrinkage and soil compaction. In addition, seasonal reversible vertical soil movement is caused by shrink and swell in the unsaturated zone and by poroelastic deformation in the saturated zone. To reduce CO2 emission and land subsidence in drained peat soils, subsurface water infiltration systems (WIS) are expected to be a suitable measure. In this study, effects of WIS on seasonal vertical soil movements are evaluated, based on field measurements from five locations in Dutch peat meadows, for the years 2021 and 2022. For one of these locations, a 4-years timeseries was available, allowing to make a first estimate of the rate of multi-year land subsidence. At each study location, vertical soil movement has been measured using spirit levelling and extensometers, both in a parcel with a WIS and in a nearby reference parcel without any measure. Phreatic groundwater level fluctuations are found to induce soil volume decreases and increases in both the saturated and the unsaturated zone, which cause vertical land movement dynamics of up to 10 cm in the dry summer of 2022 at a location with a relatively thick (6 m) peat layer. Poroelastic deformation processes in the deeper saturated soil contribute substantially to surface level movement. In peat meadows, subsurface water infiltration systems, if correctly applied, reduce seasonal vertical soil movements while (potentially) reducing soils’ resilience to drought-induced volume losses. Seasonal vertical soil surface dynamics are about an order of magnitude higher than longer term (years to decades) land subsidence rates, which are commonly in the order of mm yr-1 in the Dutch drained peat areas. Therefore, multi-year data series are needed to filter out variations in seasonal dynamics, which are mainly introduced by annual variations in weather conditions, and more accurately estimate land subsidence.
To bucket or not to bucket? Analyzing the performance and interpretability of hybrid hydrological models with dynamic parameterization
Authors: Acuña Espinoza Eduardo , Loritz Ralf , Álvarez Chaves Manuel , Bäuerle Nicole , Ehret Uwe
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Hydrological hybrid models have been proposed as an option to combine the enhanced performance of deep learning methods with the interpretability of process-based models. Among the various hybrid methods available, the dynamic parameterization of conceptual models using long short-term memory (LSTM) networks has shown high potential. We explored this method further to evaluate specifically if the flexibility given by the dynamic parameterization overwrites the physical interpretability of the process-based part. We conducted our study using a subset of the CAMELS-GB dataset. First, we show that the hybrid model can reach state-of-the-art performance, comparable with LSTM, and surpassing the performance of conceptual models in the same area. We then modified the conceptual model structure to assess if the dynamic parameterization can compensate for structural deficiencies of the model. Our results demonstrated that the deep learning method can effectively compensate for these deficiencies. A model selection technique based purely on the performance to predict streamflow, for this type of hybrid model, is hence not advisable. In a second experiment, we demonstrated that if a well-tested model architecture is combined with an LSTM, the deep learning model can learn to operate the process-based model in a consistent manner, and untrained variables can be recovered. In conclusion, for our case study, we show that hybrid models cannot surpass the performance of data-driven methods, and the remaining advantage of such models is the access to untrained variables.
YAPAY TATLANDIRICILARIN SAĞLIKLI BESLENME VE HELAL GIDA AÇISINDAN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: Mızrak Ömer Faruk
Published: June 2024

Günümüzde, kalori alımını azaltmak ve kilo vermek amacıyla gıdalarda yapay tatlandırıcılar yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Yiyeceklerde bulunan yapay tatlandırıcılar, tatlı tat içeriği ile hormonların uyarılmasını sağlar, bazıları sindirilmeden mikrobiyotaya ulaşır ve bağırsak bakterilerinin substratı olarak da işlev görür. Bu etkisi bağırsak bakterileri tarafından kullanılarak kısa zincirli yağ asidi (KZYA) üretimi artırılabildiği gibi bağırsak bakteri oranlarını değiştirerek KZYA üretiminin azalmasına da yol açabilmektedir. Son çalışmalar, yapay tatlandırıcı tüketiminin intestinal mikrobiyota disbiyozunu (bağırsak ekosistemini bozan sağlıksız bağırsak florası oluşumu) indükleyebileceğini ve sağlıklı bireylerde tip 2 diyabetes mellitus (T2DM) gelişimine ve glukoz intoleransına neden olabileceğini göstermektedir. Yapay tatlandırıcı tüketimi ve güvenliğini destekleyen araştırmaların henüz yeterli düzeyde olmadığı ve mevcut çalışmaların da birbirinden farklı sonuçlar verdiği göz önüne alınarak konunun sağlık ve helallik boyutunun yeniden değerlendirilmesi gerektiği açıktır. Sonuç olarak bu çalışmada, çeşitli gıdalarda kullanılan yapay tatlandırıcılar ve bunların sağlıklı beslenme açısından önemi ve helallik durumunun değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Investigating the Adsorption Mechanism of Expired Esomeprazole as a Corrosion Inhibitor on Carbon Steel in Desalination Water
Authors: Bakari Ibrahim , Al Madani Mohammed , Abdullah Taha , Gebril Abdussalam
Published: June 2024

The impact of expired esomeprazole (C₁₇H₁₉N₃O₃S) as an inhibitor on the corrosion behaviour of carbon steel in desalination water was investigated using the weight loss technique. It was discovered that the corrosion rate of the carbon steel specimens decreased with increasing inhibitor concentrations. Based on the results obtained in the Jepril & Bakari (2022) study, isotherm models were utilized to investigate the adsorption mechanism of expired esomeprazole on the surface of carbon steel in the current work. Thermodynamic parameters were also considered. With a correlation coefficient (R²) better than 0.9, the results showed that the inhibitor's adsorption on the surface followed the Langmuir, Freundlich, Adejo-Ekwenchi, and El-Awady adsorption isotherms. Physisorption was identified as the mechanism of adsorption.
ON TRENDS IN HEALTH RISKS FROM AIR POLLUTION AND CHANGES IN WEATHER AND CLIMATE COMFORT ON THE TERRITORY OF RUSSIA UNTIL 2050
Authors:   Russian Academy of SciencesRussian University of Transport, MAKOSKO A.A. ,   Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences,   Russian University of Transport, MATESHEVA A.V. ,   Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences,   Russian University of Transport, EMELINA S.V. ,   Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences,   Hydrometeorological Research Center of the Russian Federation
Published: June 2024

The authors explore the trends in the human health risks caused by air pollution and changing levels of weather and climate comfort on the territory of Russia in 2020-2050 under two climate change scenarios. Generally, the dynamics of risks is expected to be moderate. It will presumably be characterized by inter-scenario variability and dispersion by the country’s climate zones. In certain areas, primarily in Siberia, very noticeable trends have been revealed. The paper shows a need for additional attention when planning the measures of adaptation to climate change in southern and central regions of European Russia, most of Western Siberia, the Magadan oblast and Kamchatka.
ANALYSIS OF CLIMATIC (ACCORDING TO OBSERVATIONS IN 1993-2023) AND MICROBIOCLIMATIC HEALTH-IMPROVING POTENTIAL OF KISLOVODSK
Authors:   North Caucasian Federal Scientific and Clinical Center, Federal Medical and Biological Agency, KORYAGINA YU.V. , DONETS E.V. ,   North Caucasian Federal Scientific and Clinical Center, Federal Medical and Biological Agency, EFIMENKO N.V. ,   North Caucasian Federal Scientific and Clinical Center, Federal Medical and Biological Agency, TER-AKOPOV G.N. ,   North Caucasian Federal Scientific and Clinical Center, Federal Medical and Biological Agency, TYCHININA A.P. ,   North Caucasian Federal Scientific and Clinical Center, Federal Medical and Biological Agency, NOPIN S.V. ,   North Caucasian Federal Scientific and Clinical Center, Federal Medical and Biological Agency, POPOV A.N. ,   North Caucasian Federal Scientific and Clinical Center, Federal Medical and Biological Agency, KIRILENKO A.A. ,   North Caucasian Federal Scientific and Clinical Center, Federal Medical and Biological Agency
Published: June 2024

Modern climate change and variability of the natural environment have a significant impact on the quality of life and health of the population, as well as on the development of the recreational and touristic industry in resort cities. Based on the long-term observations (1993-2023), the changes in the following climatic characteristics have been analyzed: surface air temperature, total precipitation, and current microbioclimatic parameters of the resort city of Kislovodsk. It has been found for the past 30 years that the average annual temperature in Kislovodsk according to the scale of balneological significance can be identified as favorable, and the average annual minimum and maximum temperatures can be characterized as the most favorable. The statistical parameters of the analyzed characteristics and their extremes are presented. The microbioclimatic potential of the central part of the city is characterized by an increased level of natural air ionization and high purity of the surface atmosphere in the areas that do not experience high anthropogenic load.
ON THE INFLUENCE OF AIR PRESSURE FLUCTUATIONS ON HOSPITALIZATION OF PATIENTS WITH CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES
Authors:   Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, KULICHKOV S.N. , BUSH G.A. ,   Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, ALEKHIN A.I. ,   Petrovskii Russian Research Center for Surgery, Russian Academy of Sciences, PEREPELKIN V.G. ,   Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, GINZBURG A.S. ,   Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, AGEEV F.T. ,   Chazov National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, SMIRNOVA M.D. ,   Chazov National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
Published: June 2024

The paper deals with studying the influence of air pressure fluctuations on the health of patients. Since August 2008, the Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics of Russian Academy of Sciences and the Central Clinical Hospital of the Russian Academy of Sciences (CCH RAS) observed air pressure fluctuations with a simultaneous registration of patients who were urgently hospitalized to the CCH RAS and classified as weather-sensitive. Weather-sensitive patients included patients diagnosed with myocardial infarction, angina, hypertension, extrasystole, stroke, and cerebrovascular disease. The data on 6078 patients over a four-year period (January 1, 2009-November 31, 2012) were processed. The results have shown an increase in the cases of patients' hospitalization with an enhancement of the external effects of air pressure.
OZONE CONTENT OVER THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION IN 2023
Authors:   Central Aerological Observatory, IVANOVA N.S. , KUZNETSOVA I.N. ,   Hydrometeorological Research Center of the Russian Federation, LEZINA E.A. ,   Mosekomonitoring
Published: June 2024

The review is compiled on the basis of the results of using the total ozone (TO) monitoring system for Russia and neighboring territories, which functions in operational mode at the Central Aerological Observatory. The monitoring system uses the data from the national network equipped with the M-124 filter ozonometers and operating under the methodological supervision of the Main Geophysical Observatory. The quality of functioning of the entire system is operationally controlled using the OMI satellite equipment observations (NASA, USA). Basic TO observation data are generalized for every month of the fourth quarter of 2023, for the fourth quarter, and for the whole year. The data of the routine observation of surface ozone in the Moscow region are also presented.
EVALUATION OF REPRODUCIBILITY OF OCEANOGRAPHIC FIELDS IN RETROSPECTIVE FORECASTS USING THE INM-CM5 EARTH SYSTEM MODE
Authors:   Hydrometeorological Research Center of the Russian Federation, RESNYANSKII YU.D. , ZELEN'KO A.A. ,   Hydrometeorological Research Center of the Russian Federation, STRUKOV B.S. ,   Hydrometeorological Research Center of the Russian Federation, STEPANOV V.N. ,   Hydrometeorological Research Center of the Russian Federation, KHAN V.M. ,   Hydrometeorological Research Center of the Russian Federation,   Marchuk Institute of Numerical Mathematics, Russian Academy of Sciences, VOROBYEVA V.V. ,   Hydrometeorological Research Center of the Russian Federation,   Marchuk Institute of Numerical Mathematics, Russian Academy of Sciences,   Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, TARASEVICH M.A. ,   Hydrometeorological Research Center of the Russian Federation,   Marchuk Institute of Numerical Mathematics, Russian Academy of Sciences,   Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, GRITSUN A.S. ,   Marchuk Institute of Numerical Mathematics, Russian Academy of Sciences, VOLODIN E.M. ,   Marchuk Institute of Numerical Mathematics, Russian Academy of Sciences,   Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: June 2024

Skill scores of the reproducibility of oceanographic fields in applying the INM-CM5 climate model to long-term forecasting for several months are presented. It is shown that disagreements between the model forecasts and the control data in terms of their absolute values are mainly due to the model climate bias. A degree of consistency with the control data significantly increases when comparing anomalies counted from the individual normals of each of the compared data types. In particular, the forecasts of SST anomalies for the Niño-3.4 region with a lead time up to six months appear to be quite successful.
A METHOD FOR PREDICTING FOG AND IDENTIFYING ITS TYPE BASED ON NEURAL NETWORKS FOR THE ST. PETERSBURG (PULKOVO) AIRFIELD
Authors:   Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute, KULIZHSKAYA P. V.
Published: June 2024

Fogs have a serious impact on human activity, in particular, on aviation, since they significantly impair visibility and therefore make aircraft landing difficult. In most cases, fogs cause irregularity of flights and sometimes lead to disasters, so timely and accurate forecasting of the onset of fog and its type is very important. At present, numerical methods greatly facilitate the forecasters’ work, but the problem of predicting visibility and fog remains relevant. Artificial intelligence technologies, in particular, deep learning algorithms using various kinds of neural networks are currently becoming more widespread in hydrometeorological activities. In the present study, the main objective is to develop a method for predicting the appearance of fog and to identify its type based on neural networks. The results of testing the method have showed its practical usefulness.
USING THE NEURAL NETWORK TECHNIQUE FOR LEAD DETECTION IN RADAR IMAGES OF THE ARCTIC SEA ICE COVER
Authors:   Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute, ZAKHVATKINA N. YU. ,   Nansen International Environmental and Remote Sensing Center, BYCHKOVA I. A. ,   Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute, SMIRNOV V. G. ,   Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute
Published: June 2024

The paper describes an algorithm to differentiate leads from sea ice using the dual polarization synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data from the Sentinel-1 satellite in an extrawide swath mode. The algorithm uses the polarimetric features of the sea surface signal obtained in the SAR images: the ratio between co- and cross-polarization. A technique is proposed for classifying the SAR images to identify discontinuities (cracks, leads) in drifting sea ice using the ratio and difference of polarizations together with texture features and the neural network implementation. The method was tested using the satellite data obtained over the Arctic seas in the Russian Federation.
Analisis Manajemen Persediaan Obat Di Apotek Raga Farma Kota Dumai
Authors: Dahliana Dian , Yusrizal Yusrizal , Febrina Wetri
Published: June 2024

Apotek Raga Farma berada di Jalan Gatot Subroto Kota Dumai menjadi salah satu apotek yang banyak dituju oleh masyarakat sekitar. Berdasarkan pernyataan dari pengelola Apotek Raga Farma, selama ini pengendalian persediaan obat hanya dilakukan pantauan terhadap stok. Pemesanan hanya dilakukan jika stok obat menipis, yang mengakibatkan tidak terkontrolnya persediaan obat. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode Always Better Control (ABC) dan Vital, Essensial, Non Essensial (VEN) untuk menentukan pengendalian yang tepat pada masing-masing kelompok obat yang diprioritaskan. Obat yang diprioritaskan diramalkan dengan metode Forecasting. Selanjutnya obat yang harus diprioritaskan akan dihitung menggunakan metode Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) untuk mengetahui jumlah optimum pemesanan guna mengefisiensi biaya pemesanan. Hasil yang didapatkan berupa jumlah pemesanan yang ekonomis (EOQ) untuk obat Glucovel-2 adalah 577 tablet dengan total cost Rp 68.696, Amlodipine 10mg 315 tablet dengan total cost Rp 47.320, Amlodipine 5mg 288 tablet dengan total cost Rp 28.821, Metformin 425 tablet dengan total cost Rp 31.895 dan Glucovance 18 tablet dengan total cost Rp 24.411.
Usulan Strategi Penjualan Sepeda Motor Honda di Hondatama Mitra Cemerlang
Authors: Wiroto Noto , Risdiana Risdiana , Saputra Juni , Sirlyana Sirlyana
Published: June 2024

Peramalan penjualan dilakukan untuk memprediksi penjualan dimasa datang. Peramalan tidak wajib memberikan jawaban pasti tentang apa yang akan terjadi, setelah dilakukan peramalan penjualan untuk masa yang akan datang perusahaan dapat memutuskan strategi yang harus dilakukan. Peramalan dilakukan pada sepeda motor Honda PCX, Beat, dan Scoopy dengan menggunakan metode Artificial Neural Network (ANN) dan marketing mix untuk usulan strategi penjualan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah membentuk ANN yang terbaik untuk menghitung penjualan produk untuk 7 bulan kedepan dengan menggunakan data trend 5 tahun yang lalu. Hasil dari penelitian ini menyimpulkan metode ANN dengan momentum constant 0,9 ialah pola 12-20-1 untuk motor PCX dengan LR 0,2 dan iterasi 3000, sedangkan untuk motor Beat menggunakan pola 12-5-1 dengan LR 0,4 dan iterasi 3000. Sedangkan untuk motor Scoopy menggunakan pola 12-15-1 dengan fungsi pelatihan Trainlm, fungsi pendistribusian Tansig dengan nilai momentum absolut sebesar 0,001 pada iterasi 8. Usulan strategi pemasaran untuk PT Hondatama Mitra Cemerlang yang berfokus pada faktor produk ialah membangun function product brand, memberikan dan membuat pedoman yang jelas untuk melakukan perawatan produk dengan baik, membuat tutorial dan petunjuk dalam penggunaan produk yang benar terkait pengoperasian kendaraan. Pada harga dan tempat ialah membuat sistem online purchase dan online service, membuat program quarterly discount sales. Pada promosi ialah membuat suatu paduan informasi terkait produk yang bersifat absolut, menjadi sponsor dalam suatu kegiatan. dan meningkatkan frekuensi pengenalan produk di media sosial secara rutin dan terjadwal dengan menyediakan informasi yang menarik baik berupa visual dan non-visual.
Relevansi Konsep Pendidikan Ibnu Sina di SMKS TI Muhammadiyah 11 Sibuluan
Authors: Kiram Syaiful
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini mengkaji relevansi konsep pendidikan Ibnu Sina di SMKS TI Muhammadiyah 11 Sibuluan. Tujuannya untuk mengetahui relevansi pendidikan Ibnu Sina dan menganalisis penerapannya. Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan pendekatan kepustakaan (library research), fokus pada pendekatan Kualitatif untuk menghasilkan data deskriptif. Metode ini melibatkan analisis, sintesis, dan evaluasi terhadap literatur yang relevan seperti buku, jurnal, dan dokumen lainnya. Untuk meningkatkan keabsahan data, penelitian ini menggunakan triangulasi data dengan membandingkan berbagai sumber dan teknik pengumpulan data seperti observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Proses analisis dengan reduksi data untuk menyajikan temuan yang komprehensif, kemudian dianalisis untuk menghasilkan kesimpulan yang mendalam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: Ibnu Sina mengemukakan konsep pendidikan yang mencakup tujuan, kurikulum, metode, dan guru. Tujuan pendidikan diklasifikasikan meliputi jasmani, budi pekerti, dan keterampilan, serta membagi kurikulum berdasarkan jenjang usia. Metode pembelajarannya meliputi talqin, demonstrasi, keteladanan, diskusi, magang, penugasan, tarhib, dan targhib. Guru, menurutnya, harus menjadi teladan dengan sifat-sifat seperti akal sehat, agama yang kuat, berakhlakul karimah, pemahaman tentang peserta didik, berwibawa, kepribadian yang tangguh, wawasan luas, tutur kata yang sopan, pintar, terpelajar, berpenampilan yang baik dan rapi, dan hati yang tulus. Meskipun pemikirannya tidak dilahirkan di era modern, konsep pendidikan Ibnu Sina masih relevan dan selaras dengan nilai-nilai Islam dari Al-Qur’an dan Sunnah, sehingga dapat mengembangkan dan memudahkan dalam proses pencapaian tujuan pendidikan baik secara lembaga maupun nasional.
A Critical Examination of Ligamentous Pathogenesis of Bladder Pain/Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Using the UEDA Criteria
Authors: Quaghebeur Jörgen , Wyndaele Jean-Jacques , Petros Peter
Published: June 2024

To critically analyse the relationship of bladder pain syndrome (BPS/IC), as defined, to the posterior fornix syndrome, “PFS” predictably co-occurring bladder urgency, frequency, nocturia, chronic pelvic pain, emptying symptoms/retention, caused by uterosacral ligament (USL) laxity and cured by USL repair. The starting and end points of this paper are the questions, “Are there arguments that BPS/IC can, in some cases, be linked to PFS?” And if so, “To what extent?” We used the criteria required by Ueda for proper diagnosis: “understanding symptoms, detecting abnormal findings and verifying them as a cause of the symptoms.” Literature, diagnostic and surgical, indicate that chronic pelvic pain “of unknown origin” can be caused by unsupported visceral pelvic plexuses because of weak USLs; these cause fire of afferent impulses, which the brain mistakenly interprets as coming from the end-organ itself (i.e., genitourinary pain, lower urinary tract symptoms). The same lax USLs can also weaken the pelvic muscles which contract to stretch the vagina to support the urothelial stretch receptors from below: these may prematurely fire off afferent impulses to activate micturition at lower bladder volumes, interpreted as urgency. A speculum placed in the vagina can relieve pain and urgency by mechanically supporting the vaginal wall and USLs, thus predicting an eventual cure by USL repair. There is need to evaluate what percentage of women with known BPS/IC also pass the criteria for PFS. Identifying a significant percentage of BPS/IC women with the causative relation between PFS pathogenesis and BPS/ IC may open a new way of diagnosing and treating BPS/IC in some women.
Effect of Self-Training Using Virtual Reality Head-Mounted Display Simulator on the Acquisition of Holmium Laser Enucleation of the Prostate Surgical Skills
Authors: Jang Taesoo , Kong Hyoun-Joong , Baek Changhoon , Kim Junki , Choo Min Soo , Oh Seung-June
Published: June 2024

Purpose: We aimed to evaluate the effect of self-training using a virtual reality head-mounted display simulator on the acquisition of surgical skills for holmium laser enucleation surgery.Methods: Thirteen medical students without surgical skills for holmium laser enucleation of the prostate were trained using multimedia to learn the technique via simulator manipulation. Thereafter, participants performed the technique on a virtual benign prostatic hyperplasia model A (test A). After a 1-week wash-out period, they underwent self-training using a simulator and performed the technique on model B (test B). Subsequently, participants were asked to respond to Training Satisfaction Questions. Video footage of hand movements and endoscope view were recorded during tests A and B for later review by 2 expert surgeons. A 20-step Assessment Checklist, 6-domain Global Rating Scale, and a Pass Rating were used to compare performance on tests A and B.Results: Thirteen participants completed both tests A and B. The 20-step Assessment Checklist and 6-domain Global Rating Scale evaluation results showed significantly improved scores in test B than in test A (P<0.05). No evaluator rated participants as passed after test A, but 11 participants (84.6%) passed after test B. Ten participants (76.9%) indicated that the simulator was helpful in acquiring surgical skills for holmium laser enucleation of the prostate.Conclusions: The virtual reality head-mounted display holmium laser enucleation of the prostate simulator was effective for surgical skill training. This simulator may help to shorten the learning curve of this technique in real clinical practice in the future.
Risk Factors for Artificial Urinary Sphincter Explantation and Erosion in Male Nonneurological Patients
Authors: Pitout Alice , Lecoanet Pierre , Mazeaud Charles , Gaillard Victor , Poussot Baptiste , Tricard Thibault , Saussine Christian , Brierre Thibaut , Game Xavier , Beraud Florian , Biardeau Xavier , Bruyere Franck , Robin Damien , El-Akri Mehdi , Chevallier Daniel , Cousin Tiffany , Capon Grégoire , Cornu Jean-Nicolas , Dupuis Hugo , Monsaint Hervé , Hermieu Nicolas , Hermieu Jean-François , Léon Priscilla , Peyronnet Benoit , Bentellis Imad
Published: June 2024

Purpose: This study was performed to assess the risk factors for artificial urinary sphincter (AUS) explantation in a large multicenter cohort.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records for all 1,233 implantations of the AMS-800 AUS device in male nonneurological patients from 2005 to 2020 across 13 French centers. Patients with neurological conditions were excluded from the study. To identify factors associated with explantation-free survival, survival analysis was performed. Explantation was defined as the complete removal of the device, whereas revision referred to the replacement of the device or its components.Results: The study included 1,107 patients, of whom 281 underwent AUS explantation. The median survival without explantation was 83 months. The leading causes of explantation were infection and erosion. Univariate analysis revealed several significant risk factors for explantation: age above 75 years (34.6% in the explanted group vs. 25.8% in the nonexplanted group, P=0.007), history of radiotherapy (43.5% vs. 31.3%, P=0.001), and anticoagulant use (15% vs. 8.6%, P<0.001). In logistic regression analysis, the only significant risk factor was previous radiotherapy (odds ratio [OR], 2.05; P<0.05). Cox proportional hazards analysis revealed 2 factors associated with earlier explantation: transcorporal cuff implantation (hazard ratio [HR], 2.67; P=0.01) and the annual caseload of the center (HR, 1.08; P=0.02). When specifically examining explantation due to erosion, radiotherapy was the sole factor significantly associated with the risk of erosion (OR, 2.47; P<0.05) as well as earlier erosion (HR, 1.90; P=0.039).Conclusions: In this series, conducted in a real-world setting across multiple centers with different volumes and levels of expertise, the median survival without AUS explantation was 83 months. This study confirms that radiotherapy represents the primary independent risk factor for AUS erosion in male nonneurological patients.
Chronic Mealtime Shift Disturbs Metabolic and Urinary Functions in Mice: Effects of Daily Antioxidant Supplementation
Authors: Park Jihyun , Nang Jun-Ho , Cho Sehyung , Chung Kyung Jin , Kim Khae Hawn
Published: June 2024

Purpose: Through their biological clocks, organisms on this rotating planet can coordinate physiological processes according to the time of the day. However, the prevalence of circadian rhythm disorders has increased in modern society with the growing number of shift workers, elevating the risk of various diseases. In this study, we employed a mouse model to investigate the effects of urinary rhythm disturbances resulting from dietary changes commonly experienced by night shift workers.Methods: We established 3 groups based on feeding time and the use of restricted feeding: ad libitum, daytime, and early nighttime feeding. We then examined the urinary rhythm in each group. In addition to the bladder rhythm, we investigated changes in mRNA patterns within the tissues constituting the bladder. Additionally, we assessed the urination rhythm in Per1 and Per2 double-knockout mice and evaluated whether the injection of antioxidants modified the impact of mealtime shift on urination rhythm in wild-type mice.Results: Our study revealed that a shift in mealtime significantly impacted the circadian patterns of water intake and urinary excretion. In Per2::Luc knock-in mouse bladders cultured ex vivo, this shift increased the amplitude of Per2 oscillation and delayed its acrophases by several hours. Daily supplementation with antioxidants did not influence the mealtime shift-induced changes in circadian patterns of water intake and urinary excretion, nor did it affect the modified Per2 oscillation patterns in the cultured bladder. However, in aged mice, antioxidants partially restored the urinary rhythm.Conclusions: A shift in mealtime meaningfully impacted the urination rhythm in mice, regardless of the presence of circadian clock genes.
Evaluation of Primary Reading Teaching in Multigrade Classes According to Teachers' Views
Authors: Yılmaz Soner , Kesgin Erdal , Canıberk Şerife
Published: June 2024

Multigrade classes which are at least two or more grade’s students are brought together in the same classroom and educational activities are carried out simultaneously by a single teacher. The main purpose of this study is how this practice, closely related to many teachers, students and parents, is evaluated by teachers. The aim of this study is to reveal how teachers explain this experience, its positive and negative aspects, and the difficulties experienced during sound-based sentence teaching. Semi-structured interviews were held with 7 teachers in order to evaluate primary reading instruction in multigrade classes according to teachers' opinions. The data regarding the participants selected by the criterion sampling method were transferred to the word environment on the computer and descriptive analysis was performed. The analyses were evaluated and interpreted. Teachers stated that teaching in multigrade classrooms is quite different from teaching in independent classrooms. They stated that this experience provides greater satisfaction at the teaching profession and increases the sense of belonging to the school. They also stated that it is important to step in the role of community leadership and to reside in the village. Among the positive aspects of teaching in multigrade classes; supporting students’ social and emotional development; supporting cognitive development by more effective usage of peer teaching, and the small class member number. Among the negative aspects, there are time constraints, emotional difficulties experienced by teachers, insufficient readiness of students, upper classes to make fun of lower classes, physical limitations and material deficiencies. It has been mentioned that some teachers changed the order of the letters during the teaching reading, that the region where the school is located is a place with intense dialect, making the process difficult, and the difficulties of performing some sound recognition activities. In order to allocate more resources to the relevant schools in order to overcome the difficulties experienced in the multigrade classrooms and to enable the teachers to start the process more ready, it is recommended that the education courses in the multi-grade classrooms conducted at the university should be more practice-based. The participants in this study are teachers. A study can be conducted that addresses the students' perspective.
The effect of immunosuppressive treatment during pregnancy on the activity of antioxidant enzymes in selected visceral organs among the offspring of wistar rats
Authors:   Department of Nephrology, Transplantology nad Internal Medicine PUM, Kabat-Koperska Joanna
Published: June 2024

Kidney transplantation remains the treatment of choice in end-stage kidney disease. The introduction of new immunosuppressive drugs has significantly extended survival time in individuals after KTx, together with improving their quality of life. As a consequence, the number of women planning motherhood after kidney transplantation is also increasing. Despite strict specialist control, such pregnancies are still considered high-risk, as the impact of immunosuppressive drugs on fetal development is very significant. This study evaluates the effect of most common immunosuppressive treatment schemes on the indicators of oxidative stress in in the intestines and spleen in an animal model, using Wistar rats. All drugs were administered to pregnant females by a gastric tube in weight- adjusted doses. Initially, a full dose was used, but this resulted in severe fetal damage in the majority of rats, grouped according to drug regimens. The experiment was then repeated with the doses reduced by half, finally obtaining a sufficient number of progeny animals for the study. The research demonstrated alterations in the activity of antioxidant enzymes and concentrations of reduced glutathione in all groups of offspring rats whose mothers received immunosuppressive treatment during pregnancy. Results varied depending on the regimen and drug doses 27 used. Within the group treated with the full dose of cyclosporine A, mycophenolate mofetil, and prednisone a significant increase in the activity of antioxidant enzymes in the spleen occured. In the tacrolimus and mycophenolate mofetil (reduced-dose) group, a variety of changes were observed in all tissues and organs examined. In the group receiving cyclosporine A, mycophenolate mofetil and prednisone at a reduced dose as well as in the group receiving cyclosporine A, everolimus and prednisone at a reduced dose, an increase in the activity of antioxidant enzymes was demonstrated, mainly in the small intestine
MODERNIZATION OF THE MECHATRONIC SYSTEM FOR POSITIONING THE WORK ROLLS OF THE PIERCING MILL
Authors: Цуканов А.В. , Лицин К.В. , Басков С.Н.
Published: June 2024

В результате анализа работы прошивного стана выявлена необходимость модернизации мехатронной системы позиционирования рабочих валков и внедрения интеллектуальной системы, позволяющей повысить качество проката. Основная проблема – образование дефектов на торцах гильз при их прокатке на прошивном стане. Излишки необходимо срезать и утилизировать, так как для прокатки одной заготовки используется больше сырья, чем требуется. Для устранения данной проблемы необходимо изменять степень поджатия заготовки в процессе прокатки, тем самым формируя профиль, позволяющий снизить объемы нежелательных изменений на торцах труб при прокате. В настоящее время в прошивном стане имеется оборудование зарубежного производства, трудности с закупкой которого могут привести к простоям. Агрегат, кроме того, работает только в ручном или полуавтоматическом режиме. В статье рассмотрена возможность замены оборудования отечественными аналогами и написана программа для управления им, в том числе в автоматическом режиме. Разработана программа визуализации и управления. Для определения положения заготовки в стане и изменения степени поджатия гильзы в автоматическом режиме внедрена система управления с нейронной сетью.

As a result of the analysis of the operation of the piercing mill, there was revealed the need to modernize the mechatronic system for positioning work rolls and the introduction of an intelligent system to improve the quality of rolled products. The main problem is the formation of defects at the ends of the sleeves during their rolling on a piercing mill. Surplus must be cut off and disposed of. As a result, it turns out that more raw materials are used for rolling one billet than required. To eliminate this problem, it is necessary to change the degree of preload of the workpiece during rolling, thereby forming a profile that makes it possible to reduce the volume of undesirable changes at the ends of the pipes during rolling. At the moment, the mill has foreign equipment, difficulties with the purchase of which can lead to downtime. Also, the unit works only in manual or semi-automatic mode. The article considers the possibility of replacing equipment with domestic analogues and a program has been written to manage it, incl. in automatic mode. There was developed visualization and control program. To determine the position of the workpiece in the mill and change the degree of compression of the sleeve in automatic mode are developed a neural network.
A NEW METHOD FOR ASSESSING THE RESISTANCE OF STEELS TO LOCAL CARBON DIOXIDE CORROSION AT GAS FACILITIES
Authors: Кантюков Р.Р. , Запевалов Д.Н. , Вагапов Р.К. , Ибатуллин К.А. , Ярковой В.В.
Published: June 2024

Предложен испытательный стенд, реализующий метод испытания с периодическим смачиванием образцов, имитирующий условия внутренней поверхности газопровода. Это новое научно-техническое решение для проведения коррозионных испытаний в условиях углекислотной коррозии, в том числе и для оценки стойкости сталей к локальной коррозии. Испытания с его использованием показали, что за достаточно короткий период стенд позволяет оценить скорости общей и локальной коррозии трубных сталей. Наличие большого числа испытательных ячеек (до 14) в коррозионном стенде и возможность варьирования коррозионных условий в них позволяет оперативно проводить исследования основных коррозионно-опасных факторов (минерального состава водной фазы, парциального давления и температуры). Данный метод коррозионных испытаний чувствителен и при невысоких содержаниях СО2.

A test stand is proposed that implements a test method with periodic wetting of samples, simulating the conditions of the inner surface of a gas pipeline. This is a new scientific and technical solution for conducting corrosion tests under conditions of carbon dioxide corrosion, including for assessing the resistance of steels to local corrosion. Tests with its use have shown that in a fairly short period of time, the stand makes it possible to estimate the rates of general and local corrosion of pipe steels.The presence of a large number of test cells (up to 14) in the corrosion stand and the possibility of varying the corrosion conditions in them allows you to quickly study the main corrosion-hazardous factors (the mineral composition of the aqueous phase, partial pressure and temperature). This corrosion test method is also sensitive at low CO2 levels.
TECHNOLOGICAL SIMULATION OF THE PROCESS OF HOT FORGING OF TWO-LAYER FORGINGS WITH DEEP CAVITIES AND REVERSE CONE
Authors: Мышечкин А.А. , Кравченко И.Н. , Зуев В.В. , Преображенская Е.В. , Скрипник С.В. , Быкова А.Д.
Published: June 2024

Разработан технологический процесс горячей штамповки двуслойных поковок с глубокими полостями и обратным конусом. Рассмотрена схема технологического процесса горячей штамповки. Цифровым моделированием в программе QForm исследовано влияние технологических параметров на силовые параметры процесса формообразования, напряженно-деформированное состояние и температурные поля поковки и инструмента по переходам. Предложена новая конструкция штамповой оснастки.

A technological process for hot stamping of two-layer forgings with deep cavities and a reverse cone has been developed. The scheme of the technological process of hot stamping is considered. Digital modeling in the QForm program has been used to study the effect of technological parameters on the force parameters of the shaping process, the stress-strain state and temperature fields of the forging and tool along transitions. A new design of die tooling is proposed.
ELASTIC TENSION OF NON-PLANAR STRIPS WITH ASYMMETRIC NON-UNIFORMITY FOR THE BI-QUADRATIC LAW OF STRESS DISTRIBUTION OVER THE WIDTH
Authors: Закарлюка С.В. , Руденко Е.А. , Гончаров В.Е. , Пилипенко В.В.
Published: June 2024

Получены зависимости, устанавливающие связь между напряжениями натяжения, максимальными напряжениями и параметрами несимметричной неплоскостности полос при упругом растяжении для биквадратичного закона распределения напряжений по ширине. Выполнен сравнительный анализ полученных зависимостей с известными для квадратичного закона распределения напряжений. Полученные зависимости позволяют в случае частичного скрытия дефекта в натянутой полосе более точно рассчитать напряжения и параметры неплоскостности и, соответственно, более правильно выбрать режимы ее обработки (например, при дрессировке, горячем цинковании, непрерывном отжиге и др.). Более точный расчет максимальных напряжений по ширине с учетом несимметричности дефекта позволяет снизить вероятность обрывности полос и стабилизировать технологию их производства. Полученные зависимости могут быть применены в системах автоматического регулирования плоскостности при производстве холоднокатаных полос.

The dependencies establishing the relationship between the tension stresses, maximum stresses and parameters of asymmetric non-uniformity of strips during elastic tension for the bi-quadratic law of stress distribution over the width have been obtained. A comparative analysis of the obtained dependences with those known for the quadratic law of stress distribution is performed. The obtained dependencies allow to more accurately calculate the stresses and parameters of non-uniformity in case of partial concealment of a defect in the stretched strip and, accordingly, to more correctly adjust its treatment modes (for example, during dragging, hot-dip galvanizing, continuous annealing, etc.). A more accurate calculation of the maximum stresses along the width, taking into account the asymmetry of the defect, makes it possible to reduce the probability of strip breakage and stabilize the technology of their production. The obtained dependencies can be applied in automatic flatness control systems the production of coldrolled strips.
Mandibular Dentigerous Cyst Without Impacted Tooth: A Clinical Rarity
Authors: Waskle Rajesh , Sharma Bhavya , Newaskar Vilas
Published: June 2024

Dentigerous cysts (DC), typically associated with the crowns of unerupted or developing teeth, are rare occurrences in the absence of impacted teeth. This case report presents an unusual instance of a DC in the mandible of a 25-year-old female with no impacted teeth. This case underscores the necessity for thorough diagnostic evaluation in the presence of mandibular cystic lesions, even when conventional etiological factors, such as impacted teeth, are absent. The report aims to enhance the understanding of atypical presentations of DC and their management in clinical practice.

Keywords: Dentigerous cyst, odontogenic cysts, follicular cysts
Restoration of Degraded Land Can Be a Key Pathway to Achieve Food Security in India
Authors: Kumari Kalpana
Published: June 2024

Food security is a flexible concept and it refers to the food availability and one's access to it. A household is treated as invulnerable when its occupants do not live in hunger or fear of starvation. Food security assessment is divided into the self-sufficiency rate (S) and external dependency rate as this divides the largest set of risk factors. Although countries may desire a high self-sufficiency rate to avoid transport risks, this may be difficult to achieve especially for wealthy countries, generally due to higher regional production costs. The three aspects of food security are availability of food, access to food, and use of food. Food availability means having available sufficient quantities of food on a consistent basis. Access to food is having sufficient resources, to get foods for a nutritious diet. Food use is the proper use depending upon the knowledge of basic nutrition and care, with sufficient water and sanitation. A fourth facet is added by FAO to the stability of the first three aspects of food security over time.
Land degradation and desertification are serious problems in achieving food security. A large population in India still lies below the poverty line and is unable to have sufficient food because of unemployment and the degradation of land. People in developing countries are not concerned about their future meals. They ignore future food productivity, which leads to unsustainable natural resource management practices. The cost of food production is rising every year. Land deterioration occurred in the developing regions due to overgrazing, deforestation, land clearing, increased soil salinity, water logging, etc. Restoration of degraded land is a major concern in India. Rapid urbanization is also a major concern which causes decrease in the area of available land for cultivation in rural areas.

Keywords: Land degradation, Desertification, Food Security, Desertification, Agroforestry, Mycorrhizae, Microbes