bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Edirne Bâdi Efendi Nüshasının ‘İlk Anonim Kronik’ Olduğu İddiası ile Neşri Üzerine Bazı Mülahazalar
Authors: Öztürk Necdet
Published: June 2023

Osmanlı tarihini anlatan kütüphane kaynaklarını ve özelliklerini, bir asır öncesine göre bugün çok daha iyi biliyoruz. Bu bilgilerimizi, I. Dünya Savaşı yıllarından itibaren Batılı ve Türk tarihçilerin kaynak eser neşirleri ile ilmî değeri yüksek makalelerine borçluyuz. Bu öncü çalışmalar olmasaydı, ilk iki asır Osman- lı tarihçiliğinde bugünkü düzeye ulaşılamazdı. Osmanlı tarihinin problemli bu asırlarının yeni bilgi ve belgelerle aydınlatılmasına, parlak fikir ve nazariyeleriyle birbirinden değerli katkılarda bulunan yerli ve yabancı tarihçilerin çalışmalarından derlediğimiz literatür denemesini daha önce vermiştik.1 Gerek Anonim Tevârihlere gerek diğer kroniklere kaynaklık eden eserin, Sultan II. Murad döneminin (1421-
1451) ilk yıllarında yazıldığını, “şeyhülmüverrihîn” merhum Halil İnalcık’ın çalış- malarından biliyoruz. Osmanlıların bu asırlarına dair pek çok bilginin Sultan II. Bayezid döneminde (1481-1512) yazılan kroniklerde aynı veya benzer ifadelerle geçtiğini; bunlardan, Âşıkpaşazâde-Neşrî tarihleri ile Oruç Bey-Anonim Tevârihler arasındaki sıkı kaynak ilişkisine dair bugün daha çok bilgi sahibiyiz. Ancak bu me- sele henüz tam olarak halledilmiş değildir. Mesela Rûhî-Neşrî tarihleri arasındaki kaynak ilişkisine dair, kimin kimden yararlandığı veya iki kaynak arasındaki benzer yerlerin hangi ortak kaynaktan geldiği gibi soruların henüz kesin bir cevabı yoktur.
Suna Çağaptay, The First Capital of the Ottoman Empire: The Religious, Architectural, and Social History of Bursa
Authors: Özlü Nilay
Published: June 2023

Çağaptay’ın kitabı [Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nun İlk Başkenti: Bursa’nın Dini, Mimari ve Sosyal Tarihi] Bursa’yı ele alan önemli bir çalışma. Çağaptay’ın yıllar sürenkatmanlıaraştırmalarınınürünüolanve“VisualizingtheCulturalTransition in Bithynia (1300–1402): Architecture, Landscape and Urbanism” başlıklı doktora araştırması üzerine inşa edilen kitap, Bizans’ın Bitinya bölgesindeki önemli ticaret ve kaplıca/spa merkezi Prousa’nın, 14. yüzyıl zarfındaki dönüşümünü ve Bursa’nın bir Osmanlı ve İslâm kenti olarak ortaya çıkışını ele alıyor. Erken Osmanlı dönemi
olarak bilinen 1326–1402 yılları arasına yoğunlaşan kitap, Bizans sosyal, kültü- rel ve mimari dünyasının Osmanlı egemenliği altında nasıl yeniden şekillendiğini, özellikle mimari ve kent bağlamında ne gibi çapraz etkileşimlerin ortaya çıktığını farklı ölçeklerde eserler ve farklı dönemlerden örnekler üzerinden tartışıyor.
Mehmet Kuru, Osmanlı’nın Para ile İmtihanı: XVI.-XVII. Yüzyıllarda Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nda Para Krizi,
Authors: Bilgiç Erdal
Published: June 2023

Baki Tezcan’dan yaptığı alıntıyla Kuru’ya göre Osmanlı “Krizler İmparator- luğu” olarak tanımlanabildiği gibi aynı zamanda krizleri aşma becerisi de gösterebilen bir imparatorluktur. 16. yüzyılın sonu 17. yüzyılın başlangıcında ekonomik ve siyasi yapısını değiştiren kriz dönemlerinden biri yaşanırken aslında ‘‘İkinci İmparatorluğun’’da temeli atılmıştı. 1580’lerden itibaren başlayan enflasyonun arkasından tağşişler geldi. 17. yüzyılın ortasında fiyat artış hızları ancak yavaşladı. Bu yıllarda Osmanlı akçesi %50’den fazla değer kaybetti. Piyasalarda dolaşan para istikrarının olduğu bu yeni dönemden 18. yüzyılın ikinci yarısına kadar enflasyonda önemli bir düşüş görülürken aslında piyasalara giren gümüş miktarında bir azalma yoktu. Avrupalı tüccarlar Osmanlı pazarlarından bu yıllarda yüksek miktarlarda ham madde ithal etmeye başladılar. Yanlarında getirdikleri paraların daha fazla gümüş içermesinden dolayı yerli zanaatçılara göre ham madde alımlarında rekabet avantajına sahip olan Avrupalılar ülke içinde üretimin düşmesine sebep oldular. Yerli üretim ancak 17. yüzyılda para istikrarı sağlanınca toparlanabildi. Kuru eserinde Osmanlıların bahsi geçen dönemde yaşadığı ekonomik krizin genelde iki alan üzerinden çalışıldığını belirtir. Birincisi para krizi ve enflasyon, ikincisi ise Avrupalı tüccarların Osmanlı pazarlarında rekabetteki üstünlüğüdür. Ancak Kuru’nun iddiasına göre Osmanlı coğrafyasında enflasyon ve dış ticaretin genişlemesi arasındaki bağlantı akademisyenler tarafından yeterince incelenmemiştir.
Biological activity and therapeutic potential of Curcuma longa (review)
Authors: Zaporozhchenko A. A. , Subotyalov M. A.
Published: June 2023

The review presents an analysis of publications devoted to the identification of biological activity, component composition, pharmacological properties and therapeutic potential of various components of the Curcuma longa plant. This publication was prepared using mostly articles in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. The analysis showed that Curcuma longa contains a wide range of biologically active substances, including curcuminoids, volatile oils, resins, alkaloids. Numerous in vivo and in vitro studies have demonstrated anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial, antitumor, neuroprotective, antiproliferative and a number of other effects. Thus, Curcuma longa has a high therapeutic potential and can be a promising type of raw material for the development of drugs effective in various diseases.
Morphological features of the human dura mater in elderly and senile age
Authors: Balandin A. A. , Pankratov M. K. , Balandina I. A.
Published: June 2023

A fairly common trauma in the population of developed and developing countries is traumatic brain injury, with a significant proportion of patients of the elderly and senile age due to objective reasons. However, anatomical and morphological features of the dura mater (DM) are extremely poorly covered in the scientific medical literature. The aim of the study was to investigate the age-related features of the structure and thickness of the dura mater of a person in the elderly and senile age.Material and methods. The work was based on the analysis of the results of a comprehensive morphological examination of the DM of 127 deceased (65 men and 62 women) of adolescent, elderly and senile age. Autopsy material was taken from the parietal bones in the projection of the sagittal suture. Hematoxylin and eosin and van Gieson staining was used. The thickness of the DM was determined.Results. The age morphometric features of DM consist in its statistically significant increase in its thickness in both sexes (p < 0.01). The most pronounced changes are in senile age compared to adolescent: men have 60.7 % more thickness (p < 0.01) and women 63.5 % (p < 0.01). There are no statistically significant differences in the thickness of the DM between men and women in each age period studied (p > 0.05).Conclusions. The results of the study can serve as a foundation for the future study of age-related changes in the human DM, as well as for use by physicians of such clinical specialties as forensic medicine, neurosurgery, trauma and rehabilitation, gerontology.
The prevalence of social risk factors for the development of male infertility: smoking, alcohol and narcotic use in men from infertile couples, the influence of the “northern type” of alcohol consumption on ejaculate indicators
Authors: Epanchintseva E. A. , Selyatitskaya V. G.
Published: June 2023

Introduction. Lifestyle factors, including smoking, alcohol (AU) and drug use (DU), can affect male fertility. The aim of the study was to investigate the frequency and characteristics of smoking, AU and DU in men from infertile couples, to identify the most significant associations of disorders of spermatogenesis and social risk factors.Material and methods. At the 1st stage of the study, the case histories of 1198 men from infertile couples were analyzed to determine the frequency of smoking, AU and DU, at the 2nd stage, a more detailed questionnaire of 239 patients from the general sample was conducted for detailed characteristics of smoking and/or AU and/or DU, at the 3rd stage, a comprehensive analysis of ejaculate from men who consumed strong alcohol, but did not smoke or use DU (n = 46) was performed in comparison with men without bad habits taken into account (n = 60).Results. In the general sample, the frequency of AU was 73 %, smoking – 41 %, DU –17 % (mostly in anamnesis). 47.9 % of AU men consumed beer (1.5 (1–2.5) liters per week, 25.6 % – strong alcohol (250 (100–500) ml per week), 7.6 % – champagne/wine (500 (250–725) ml per week); 92.7 % of smokers used cigarettes, 7.3 % – electronic cigarettes (smoking experience was 15 (10–20) years, the number of cigarettes per day was 15 (10–20) pieces); more than 90 % of DU men have a history of non-injection DU. Men who consumed only strong alcohol, but did not smoke and did not use drugs, increased sperm DNA fragmentation compared to men without bad habits taken into account: 16.0 (13.5–19.6) and 12.8 (8.8–19.4) %, respectively, p = 0.018.Conclusions. Among men from infertile couples, a high frequency of AU was revealed with the predominant use of beer or strong alcohol, the use of the latter increases sperm DNA fragmentation; smoking is characterized by a long experience; active DU is rare. Given the specifics of the requirements for the state of reproductive health of men applying to reproductive medicine centers, it is important to have knowledge about the frequency and severity of smoking, AU and DU among them, as well as about the relationship of risk factors of infertility with the parameters of ejaculate.
Formation of the new generation of the Federal State Educational Standard on an interdisciplinary basis as a necessary condition improving the quality of engineering personnel training
Authors:   Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University), Kushchev Nikolai P.
Published: June 2023

The article discusses the issues of reorganization of the higher education system in order to improve the quality of training of engineering personnel for the Russian economy, including high-tech industries. At the same time, specialists must meet such a level of training that will allow them to ensure the formation of the technological sovereignty of the country. This will achieve not only the strategic objectives set for higher education by the state leadership, but also satisfy the public’s request to preserve the fundamental foundations of higher education. The achievement of this goal is possible through the reorganization of the higher education system by ensuring, first of all, the development and implementation of federal state educational standards of a new generation of higher education on an interdisciplinary basis. At the same time, the author shows that the problems of training specialists with higher education are connected not only with the need to introduce educational standards of a new generation, but also with the simultaneous adjustment of the organization of the educational process in universities, as well as taking into account new approaches and learning technologies based on the current requirements of science and industry. At the same time, the continuity of the current educational standards and the preservation of the unity of the educational space in the higher school system are emphasized.
Technical university educational process individualization
Authors:   Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University), Kozorez Dmitry A. , Sledkov Yuriy G. , Korneenkova Anna V. , Toporova Marya I. , Rumakina Alena V.
Published: June 2023

The problem of the implementation of individual educational trajectories of students developing basic educational programs of higher education in a technical university, whose feature is a holistic education in a certain area of professional activity, is considered. The authors define an individual educational trajectory as an individual plan for professional and personal development, which helps the student to discover his interest in a particular direction and develop his strongest qualities. The article proposes an approach to the implementation of individualization in the development of basic educational programs through the introduction of the model of higher education ‘2 + 2 + 2’, which allows the student to choose an enlarged group of areas and specialties, the direction of training and the educational program during training. The authors consider the problems of ensuring the choice of an educational program after the second year of undergraduate studies, which are regulated by the procedure for transferring a student to another educational program of higher education. The problems of choosing elective disciplines by students of different courses of study and areas of training are also considered. The authors propose an approach for obtaining additional microqualifications for students within the framework of one educational program without violating the systemic nature of education, which in turn allows the graduate to perform his professional functions in several jobs and increases his competitiveness in the labor market.
The concept of development of training simulators for training of civil aviation specialists in technical universities
Authors:   Reshetnev Siberian State University of Science and Technology, Kleptsov Ivan L. ,   Center for Virtual Aviation LLC “RANWAY29”, Kuznetsov Evgeny V. , Timohovich Alexander S.
Published: June 2023

The method of equipping with training simulators for civil aviation personnel training is considered. Since not all issues of practical training can be solved by implementing a part of the educational program in the form of practical training in the specialized organization, the use of training aviation simulators can significantly reduce the cost of specialist training. The simulators presented at the market are expensive for education institutions with limited functionality, that is why one of the options is their independent production. It is proposed to reduce the cost of training simulators by using small-size microcontrollers, which are built into the device itself, and data exchange with the central computer over a wireless communication line. To check this approach, a test setup in the form of a Tу-154М flight engineer panel consisting of more than five hundred elements was assembled. The operating time of the test setup was 1300 hours, during that period of time there was not a single failure in operation, all devices, lamps and controls worked out the set values without failures. The offered variant of a method of manufacturing flight simulators is less expensive both financially and labor-consuming, which enables educational organizations to purchase it and allows to form necessary competences on operation of modern aviation technique among the future aviation specialists. In case such aviation simulator is designed and manufactured by students within the framework of project training, course works (projects) and graduate qualification works, the main goal — the highest level of practical mastering of aircraft equipment and systems — is achieved.
Features of training specialists and masters in the direction of RST in the conditions of increasing needs for the formation of integrated competencies
Authors:   Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Kalugin Vladimir T. , Lutsenko Alexander Yu. , Romanova-Bolshakova Irina K.
Published: June 2023

Within the framework of the urgent tasks of the formation of integrated competencies, solutions are considered that are implemented at the Faculty of Special Engineering (SM) of the Moscow State Technical University n.a. N.E. Bauman. A review of the current state of the competence-based approach in education as a whole is given. The features of the interdisciplinary approach are noted as a practical implementation of the systematic approach in relation to complex training programs for specialists in the field of rocket and space technology (RST). The analysis of the implementation of the professional standard “Specialist in the design and construction of space vehicles and systems” is given on the example of the program “Space vehicles and launch vehicles”. The application of an integrated approach is shown on the example of the implementation of a balanced matrix of competencies. A comparative analysis of plans for the training of specialists and masters in the field of RKT is carried out, estimates are given of the degree of inter-departmental interaction in the process of mastering basic and optional courses, which appear in graduate theses. The results of a study of requests for the formation of integrated competencies from students and teachers in the field of RKT, including the data of a survey of masters, are shown. A list of basic requirements for levels 6 and 7 according to the professional standard 25.001 and its compliance with the requirements of the employer is given using the example of RSC “Energy” in the use of generalists. Conclusions are drawn about the directions for improving integrated training.
Forming a trajectory for preparing students for professional activities in the field of aircraft control systems in an interdisciplinary basis, taking into account the needs of industry
Authors:   Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University), Busurin Vladimir I. , Sledkov Yurij G. , Rumakina Alena V. , Makarenkova Nadezhda A.
Published: June 2023

The problem of providing the domestic aerospace industry with qualified personnel in the field of aircraft control systems, who will be able to successfully solve the tasks assigned to them after graduation and integrate into the working environment of enterprises, is considered. It shows the importance of taking into account the current and projected goals and needs of enterprises when forming the trajectory of students’ education, starting with junior courses, taking into account the interdisciplinary approach, as well as the need to control this process and ensure its consistency on the part of the graduating department. The main approaches that are being implemented at the Moscow Aviation Institute for the formation of trajectories of training students, which, after their graduation, employers will be interested in, are shown. The goals and objectives that are set for students in the learning process are indicated. Approaches are considered to ensure the individualization of the trajectories of training students in the field of aircraft control systems, which make it possible to maximize the potential of students, take into account their wishes for choosing a scientific field and the needs of industry. The preferred qualities of the graduate are given, as well as the necessary knowledge and skills that he should possess when applying for a job.
Professional competencies of Marine Radio specialists in the field of Global Maritime Distress and Safety System
Authors:   Admiral Makarov State University of Maritime and Inland Shipping, Lavrentieva Elena A.
Published: June 2023

The article discusses the peculiarities of the professional competencies of Marine Radio specialists in the field of the Global Maritime Distress and Safety System (GMDSS), which is distinguished by a high degree of automation of the transmission and reception of information for search and rescue operations with minimal time. This applies to operators and senior operators of the GMDSB facility, operators of a limited area of the GMDSS, operator of the GMDSS, first and second class radio electronics of the GMDSS, the main professional characteristics of which are summarized in the professional standard “Operator of the Global Maritime Distress and Safety System (ship, coastal).” The listed specialists carry out radio communication and information exchange between coastal and ship stations in the GMDSS in order to ensure uninterrupted communication in the event of a disaster, safety and urgency between ships and coastal services for the safety of navigation and the protection of human life at sea. It is emphasized that they must have higher or secondary vocational education. For each position, generalized labor functions are systematized, which are destructured into labor functions, labor actions, necessary knowledge and skills. It was concluded that the professional competencies of the marine radio specialists of the GMSSB are widely in demand, both on ships and on the shore, which is especially important given the development of the Arctic and the Northern Sea Route, as the main water route of the hard-to-reach northern regions. At the same time, the necessary level of professional training of specialists providing the Global Maritime Distress and Safety System in a disaster for the safety of navigation is decisive.
Forecasting the results of the session based on the analysis of the current academic performance of students using the data of the information management system “Electronic University”
Authors:   Bauman Moscow State Technical University (National Research Institute), Kalugin Vladimir T. , Ivanov Alexey G. , Lutsenko Alexander Yu. , Igritsky Vladimir A. , Ippolitova E.V. , Korolev Aleksandr N. , Nazarova Dinara K. , Novikov Andrey D. , Romanova-Bolshakova Irina K. , Filimonov Alexey S.
Published: June 2023

One of the actual tasks of the Dean’s office is regular monitoring and analysis of academic performance during the semester in order to predict the results of the session and identify lagging students, work with whom should be given priority. A large contingent of students on the course, which can be several hundred people, requires both direct communication with participants of the educational process and the use of special electronic information systems to organize effective monitoring of academic performance. The article provides brief information about the display of current academic performance in the information management system “Electronic University” (IMS “EU”) of Bauman Moscow State Technical University. The main methods of determining the level of a student’s current academic performance using the data of the IMS “EU” are presented. Comparison and analysis of the data of the IMS “EU” on the current academic performance of students of the “Special Mechanical Engineering” Faculty of Bauman Moscow State Technical University in November 2022 was carried out in comparison with the results of the winter session of the 2022–2023 academic year for the same students. Based on the analysis, a criterion for identifying lagging students is proposed based on the results of the analysis of current academic performance using the IMS “EU” and recommendations are given on ways to improve the effectiveness of such an analysis.
Methodological aspects of designing a subsystem for monitoring customer satisfaction in the university quality assessment system
Authors:   Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University), Monakhova Veronika P. , Erikova Anastasia M. , Chapurina Olesya N.
Published: June 2023

The article discusses the methodological principles of building a subsystem for monitoring the satisfaction of the main groups of consumers of educational services; features of the application of qualimetric methods in assessing the quality of educational activities. The structural scheme of the indicators of the quality of educational activity, the results of the approbation of the developed methodology for calculating the complex indicator of satisfaction of consumer groups with the quality of educational activity on the example of assessing the satisfaction of students of additional vocational education programs, their employers and university employees involved in the educational process are given. Based on the calculation of individual and complex quality indicators and their comparison with target indicators, the problems identified in the course of the study of the implementation of educational programs are analyzed. The determination of group (or complex) indicators was carried out using the weighted average method, which made it possible to calculate group complex (or complex) indicators by averaging the estimates of individual indicators, taking into account their weighting coefficients. To identify the situation according to the diagnosed level of satisfaction of students with the quality of educational activities, a developed diagnostic scale was used with a description of the characteristics of the identified situation. The value of the complex indicator of satisfaction of consumer groups with the quality of educational activity obtained in the work is 0.86, which makes it possible to diagnose a high level of satisfaction and characterize the situation at the university as prosperous.
Digital technologies of integrated information support of aviation products in Aerospace education
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Technical University (NSTU), Eichmann Tatiana P. , Salenko Sergey D. , Kurlaev Nikolay V.
Published: June 2023

The creation of new modifications of aviation equipment requires new design and production technologies based on information technology. Modern information technologies provide the possibility of computer-aided design and production of structures. Currently, there is also a requirement for aircraft operators to design products taking into account their subsequent maintenance. The competitiveness and reliability of aerospace equipment should be ensured by qualified specialists at all stages of the life cycle of aviation equipment. To implement this approach, systematic training of specialists is required for all stages of the product life cycle. Currently, most enterprises of the aviation and rocket and space industry, in order to ensure the competitiveness of their products, are intensively working on the introduction of modern information technologies based on the principles of corporate management of the life cycle of manufactured products. The successful development of these works is possible only on condition of the development of personnel training in the field of corporate product lifecycle support systems, personnel not only ready for the qualified use of advanced information and organizational technologies, but also for their development and improvement. It is necessary to provide training for graduates of aerospace universities who are ready to solve professional problems of design, preparation of production, manufacture and operation of products using applied information technologies. The methodological basis for solving these problems is the development of new curricula, including new disciplines on product lifecycle management. The authors show approaches in the practical training of personnel who possess digital technologies, focused on the requirements of the production of enterprises in terms of integrated information support for the life cycle of products in the aerospace industry.
Experience of Russian software FlowVision using in BMSTU
Authors:   “Tesis” LLC, Aksenov Andrey A. , Nazarova Dinara K. ,   Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Slobodyanyuk Dmitry M. , Kalugina Maria D. , Petukh Vadim P.
Published: June 2023

The paper considers examples of Russian software package FlowVision application for solving aircraft aerodynamics and flow control problems at Bauman Moscow State Technical University. Numerical modeling was carried out using various approaches, such as solving purely aerodynamic problems of flow around various bodies using Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations supplemented by a turbulence model, as well as coupled problems of aerodynamics and motion dynamics. Young scientists, postgraduate students and students of Bauman Moscow State Technical University were involved in the research. The problems of determining interference and rotation influence on the aerodynamics and dynamics of aircraft detachable structural elements, as well as aircraft flow control using perforated surfaces, are considered. The advantages and difficulties in working with the software package are revealed when solving the problems. The pluses of FlowVision are the ability to solve conjugate problems and problems on moving grids. The most important advantage of the FlowVision software product is the possibility of direct contact with developers, which allows not only to quickly resolve user issues, but also improve the convenience and functionality of the package.
ISTIKHDAAM TATHBIIQ MISK KAWASIITHAH LITA'LIIM AL-LUGHAH AL-ARABIYYAH FII SHOFFI ASSAABI' FII MADRASAH NAMIRA AL-MUTAWASSITHAH AL ISLAAMIYAH PROBOLINGGO
Authors: Mun'im Moh. Zaini , Ni'mah Mamluatun , Sofa Ainur Rofiq
Published: June 2023

Learning Arabic in the intermediate stage requires good planning so that the learning and assessment process is in line with the desired goals. This enables to improve efficiency and change students' perspectives on learning Arabic using Arabic games for Misk app. The use of educational materials for educational activities in Arabic must continue in the 5.0 era. Because this is a challenge and a need for technology. Therefore, it is necessary to develop Arabic language learning materials so that they can keep pace with scientific and technological progress, and so that learning Arabic does not become boring for students. For example, app-based learning materials are being taught, it fits perfectly with the lifestyle of millennial kids who like to watch photos, videos and even movies. The four-step method is used to make Arabic conversation easy and accessible. The first step is to listen to the Arabic language a lot, the second step is to memorize many sentences and paragraphs in the Arabic language, and the third step is to practice the Arabic language by dealing with friends or family. The fourth step is to express everything in Arabic
Constraints Faced by the IFS Adopted Farmers in the State of Telangana, India
Authors: Sandrala Gayathri , Singh O. P.
Published: June 2023

Population estimates for India range from 1370 million in 2030 to 1600 million in 2050. The average size of landholding in Telangana state has decreased slightly from 1.30 ha to 1.11 ha, from 2000 to 2016. Farming is unsustainable on such a small scale. There is a pressing need for an integrated farming system (IFS) approach in agriculture to produce not only human food (cereals, pulses, oilseeds, milk, fruit, fish, meat, etc.), but also animal feed, fodder, fuel, and fiber. The data was collected for the agriculture year 2021-22. Respondents were selected using a multi-stage random sampling method. The impact of integrated farming systems on livelihood security opined by adopted farmers showed increase in soil fertility, land productivity, waste recycling, net returns and decrease in cost of cultivation, incidence of pests and diseases etc., To examine the respondents' experiences with integrated farming systems, Garrett's ranking technique was used. First and foremost, the high price fluctuations (75) was the major constraint in crop production. To enhance the self-confidence and interest of farmers in rural areas, scientists should offer cluster-specific live demonstrations of the Integrated Farming System. This will help to attract and keep young people in agriculture to a larger extent.
Forest Fires: An Assessment of Terrestrial Ecosystems
Authors: Gupta A. , Singh S.
Published: June 2023

Forests are basis of life. They are called lungs of planet. They sustain biodiversity and provide endless products and important resources such as storage of carbon, flood & landslide control, clean supply of water and air, medicines, crops and other ecological services. India occupies just only 2.5% of the global geographical area, 1.8% of the overall forest area and it supports 16% of the total human population of world. In this backdrop forest fires have provided huge damage over the years ravaging ecosystems, communities, and economies. The impacts of forest fires on biodiversity, climate, forest species, and soil characteristics in India are described and various strategies adopted by the government of India in order to detect and control the forest fires are presented.
Effect of Soil and Foliar Application of Organic Nutrients on Physiological and Plant Analysis Characters of Bottle Gourd (Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl.)
Authors: Bhuvaneshwari S. , Anburani A. , Naik B. Pavan Kumar
Published: June 2023

An investigation on effect of soil and foliar application of organic nutrients on physiological and plant analysis characters of bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria) through organic nutrient management practices was carried out in the farmer’s field, Pattagapatti village, Dharmapuri District, Tamil Nadu during two seasons viz., season I (March – June 2020) and season II (January – April 2022). The experiment comprised of 15 treatments replicated thrice was executed following the principles of Randomized Block Design. The experimental results revealed that the physiological parameters viz., chlorophyll content and dry matter production of plants were observed to be the highest in the treatment which received the combined application of vermicompost 5 t ha-1, CBF 2 kg ha-1 and humi power (1 percent) as foliar application for both the season. Among the plant analysis the highest nutrient uptake was recorded in the treatment that received the combined application of vermicompost 5 t ha-1, CBF 2 kg ha-1 and humi power (1 percent) as foliar application.
Analysis of Plasmodium falciparum Resistance to Chloroquine in Côte d'Ivoire after 20 Years: High Prevalence of Wild Strains
Authors: Bouatini Angélo Kouman Kouamé , Aristide Bérenger Ako Ako , Noël David Trebissou Jonhson , Serge-Brice Assi , Dagnogo Oléfongo , Stephane Armand Koui Tosséa , Tiacoh Landry5 N’guessan , Eric Adji Gbessi , Stephane Yao Serge , Sylvain Beourou , Offianan André Toure
Published: June 2023

Malaria is a major public health problem worldwide, especially in Africa, where antimalarial drug-resistant strains are spreading. In Côte d'Ivoire, Dihydro-artemisinine Piperaquine (DHA-PPQ) has been included in the policy for simple malaria management, but key mutations of the pfcrt gene are being studied to determine the mutation points that modulate Plasmodium falciparum resistance to Piperaquine. Genomic DNA from 158 patients from the five study sites with P.falciparum malaria was extracted using Chelex 5% tween. Conventional PCR amplification of the pfcrt gene was followed by Sanger sequencing of the amplificates on the Sanger sequencing platform of the CRCHU of Quebec (Canada). Comparison of different proportions was carried out using Rstudio software version 4.1.3. Analysis of individual alleles showed a prevalence of wild strain alleles over mutant alleles at all study sites. The K76T mutation was found at relatively low prevalences at the sites: 4.5% (1/22) in Bouaké; 10% (2/20) in Yamoussoukro; 18.5% (4/20) in Ayame; 20% (5/27) in Man and 34.8% (24/69) in Anonkoua-koute. Analysis of the distribution of the wild strain haplotype (CVMNK) of the pfcrt gene showed a high proportion (55-80% prevalence) compared to mutant strain haplotypes (1-20% prevalence). The high prevalence of the CVMNK haplotype across all sentinel sites supports the potential for regained sensitivity to CQ in the treatment of simple malaria. Therefore, continued molecular surveillance and in vitro analysis of pfcrt gene polymorphism mutations is highly recommended.
A Review on Phytosynthesis of Nanoparticles and its Biomedical Applications: An Ecofriendly Approach
Authors: Sanjivkumar Muthusamy , Nagajothi Kasilingam , Silambarasan Tamilselvan , Merlin Sophia Sylvester Sayen , Parameswari Alagarsamy
Published: June 2023

Nanotechnology have remarkable significance in different fields, like pharmaceutical, biomedical, drug delivery, agricultural and energy applications, etc., which deals with the synthesis of different metal/metal oxide nanoparticles. Nanoparticles are solid colloidal in nature with the size ranging from 10 to 1000 nm. Nanoparticles have some excellent characteristics like non-toxicity, biocompatibility, chemical stability, high saturation magnetization and maximum magnetic susceptibility. They are being prepared by silver, gold, nickel, zinc, copper, titanium, magnesium, and alginate etc., by using various bio resources like plant and microorganisms. Nowadays, the biological approaches of green or plant mediated synthesis of nanoparticles expressed safe, cheapest, eco-friendly, more reliable and clean method to propose different biological properties. This review investigates the phytosynthetic mechanisms of nanoparticles and its bio-therapeutic applications such as antimicrobial, antioxidants, anticancer, hyperthermia, bio imaging and biosensors sensing of target molecules and drug delivery etc.
Evaluation of Bacillus strains for Plant Growth Promoting Properties Isolated from Different Regions of Kashmir Valley
Authors: Nazir Ulfat , Zargar M. Y.
Published: June 2023

Microbes that are beneficial to plants are used to enhance the crop yield and are alternatives to chemical fertilizers and pesticides. Bacillus species are the predominant plant growth-promoting bacteria. This study was aimed to isolate Bacillus species from soil of different regions of Kashmir and screen for their ability to promote plant growth directly or indirectly by testing their ability to produce plant growth hormone indole acetic acid, hydrogen cyanide, ammonia and phosphate solubilization. Fifty Bacillus strains were isolated from soil samples of different regions of Srinagar and Baramulla districts of Kashmir. These isolates were tested for plant growth promoting traits in vitro. Among the 50 isolates, 35 were indole acetic acid producer, 22 of the isolates showed the ability to solubilize the phosphate, 35 were able to produce ammonia and all the isolates had the ability to produce hydrogen cyanide. The isolated strains showed positive results to maximum PGPR traits and exhibited a potential to be used as alternatives to chemical fertilizers and pesticides and could be used as low-cost bio-based technology to promote plant growth in the agricultural sector.
Determination of Physical – Mechanical Properties of Freshly Harvested Areca Nut Fruit
Authors: R. Pawar Pooja , Pathak S. V. , Shahare P. U.
Published: June 2023

The physical properties of freshly harvested areca nut fruit were determined. Such properties are benefited to design and develop the areca nut harvesting, handling and processing machineries. Hence, the experiment was undertaken at 66.43 % (w.b.) moisture content of freshly harvested areca nut (ripe stage). The mean diameter, sphericity, volume, nut surface area, bulk density, true density, porosity, angle of repose. The mean values of length, breadth and thickness for areca nut were, 54.13 (± 3.87), 47.25 (± 2.53) and 41.73(±2.96) mm, respectively and geometric mean diameter, sphericity, bulk density, true density and porosity were 47.21 (± 2.40) mm, 0.87(± 0.043), 196.72 kg/m3, 1.06 g/cc and 81.61 per cent, respectively. While, surface area and volume of areca nut fruit were 22035.16 mm2 and 19488.3 mm3, respectively. Mechanical properties of areca nut fruit and tree were measured. Mean values of static coefficient of friction were obtained on steel, plywood and glass was 0.24, 0.18 and 0.15, respectively. While, average force required for breaking of freshly harvested areca nut was 3.7 kN.
Analysis of Physico-Chemical Parameters and Heavy Metals from Surface Water and Sediments of Ujani Backwaters
Authors: Chordiya Sandip Popatlal , Chandanshive N. E.
Published: June 2023

The concentration of four eco-toxic heavy metals such as Hg, Pb, Cu, and Zn have been analysed from two sampling sites of Ujani backwaters for three seasons by atomic absorption spectrometer. The concentrations of these heavy metals have been found to be 0.0025±0.005, 0.029±0.056, 1.58±0.313, 4.39±1.17 & 0.00240±0.005, 0.047±0.067, 2.043±0.309, 6.09±1.281 respectively. These values are found to be slightly above the permissible limit of drinking water quality standards. The data has been used for the calculation of Heavy-metal Pollution Index (HPI) and Metal Index (MI). The mean HPI values of ground water in Site-I and Site-II are 244.45 and 229.93 respectively. The results indicated that mean HPI values were found to be above the critical pollution index value of 100. The mean MI values of ground water at Site-I & Site-II are 6.047 and 6.147 respectively. These results of MI indicate the strong heavy metal pollution at both sites. Same metals were analysed from sediments of same sites. Average values found are 0.033±0.009, 0.17±0.077, 19.45±4.64, 17.48±2.8 & 0.036±0.005, 0.225±0.06, 20.77±4.82, 21.01±5.33 respectively. Physicochemical parameters like temperature, pH, total hardness, & dissolved oxygen were also evaluated for two years. Average values of these parameters for site-I & site-II were 26.7°C, 8.00, 318.71mg/L, 4.63mg/L & 26.59°C, 7.9, 357.7mg/L, 4.12mg/L respectively.
A Century of Funeral Change in Burial Practices: From Church Burial to Cremation Without a Ceremony
Authors: Nešporová Olga
Published: June 2023

The changes in funeral practices in Czech society which occurred during the 20th century were more significant than those that took place during the whole of the second millennium. Traditional Roman Catholic Christian funerals which were performed at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries are described as a starting point from which the focus moves to a study of the major changes from the onwards. The first half of the 20th century was specific in the emergence of cremation. The Communist era was characterized by a huge expansion in the popularity of cremation as well as by a significant increase in the proportion of secular funerals. Contemporary Czech funeral practices can be seen as a direct continuation of those of previous generations and are noteworthy in terms both of having one of the highest cremation rates in Europe and, even more strikingly, the extraordinarily high rate of cases (around one quarter to one third) in which no funeral ceremony is held at all for the deceased.
Embryonic developmental stages, different doses of inducing hormones and effect of different larval feeds on growth and survival of spiny eel, Macrognathus aculeatus (Bloch, 1786) larvae
Authors: Gamango Bhumika , Mishra Raj Kamal , Banik Aditi , Kumar Shivendra , Ram Roshan Kumar , Srivast Prem Prakash , Kumar Pravesh
Published: June 2023

Induced breeding of Macrognathus aculeatus was carried out in order to determine the most appropriate dose of carp pituitary extract (CPE) and OVAFISH hormone. The best dose of CPE was 100 mg/kg body weight of female and 45mg/kg body weight of male with fertilization rate 81.34% and the best dose of OVAFISH was 1.5 ml/kg body weight of female and 0.75 ml/kg body weight of male with fertilization rate 91.96%. The fertilized eggs were round, sticky, demersal in nature and greenish in color. The perivitelline space of fertilized eggs was observed in 17 min. The First cleavage appeared at 56 min after fertilization (AF), producing two equal blastomeres. The cell division was completed in 4.17h. The fertilized egg took 6.47, 10.54, and 15.12 h to reach morula, blastula, and gastrula stage respectively. The eggs were hatched 34.17h AF at 27-28°C. Five days old post-hatchlings were reared for four weeks in a 160 L tanks using four different diets i.e., artificial feed, mix zooplankton, artemia nauplii and egg custard. The finding showed that hatchlings fed on mix zooplankton had a higher specific growth rate (SGR) (9.60±0.25). The significantly higher mean survival rate was also observed in larvae fed with mix zooplankton (47.67±11.25%) followed by artemia nauplii (38.5±5.4%) and artificial powdered feed (18.17±3.68%) for 28 days experiment. Our finding suggests CPE best dose @ 100mg/kg body weight for female and 45 mg/kg body weight for male and best dose of OVAFISH @1.5 ml/kg body weight of female and 0.75 ml/kg body weight of male for induced breeding. While in larval rearing experiment highest survival and growth rate was obtained in the larvae fed with mix zooplankton for 28 days trial.
Blood content of selenium and zinc of female alpacas and their offspring raised in the Andes.
Authors: Mendivil Sergio Antonio Vargas , Gomez Carlos , Rojas Mariano Gonzalo Echevarria
Published: June 2023

Minerals are important for animals in many biological functions, there is scarce information however about micromineral content in blood of South American camelids under their prevalent production system. This study aims to determine the content of selenium in whole blood and zinc in blood serum of grazing alpacas at three different physiological states in the Peruvian Andes. Fifteen female alpacas on native pastures of the Andes were included in this study. Blood samples were collected for measurement of selenium in whole blood and zinc in blood serum from female alpacas at pre-calving, ten days after calving, and late lactation, as well as their respective offspring. Selenium and zinc content of pastures consumed by alpacas also were determined. The content of Se and Zn of the diet selected by alpacas met the requirements for the physiological states they go through in comparison with literature references. The concentration of zinc in blood serum of female alpacas was higher ten days after calving (0.26 µg/ml), compared to pre-calving and late lactation. The same tendency was found in the case of their offspring at ten days after calving (0.23 µg/ml) higher than for late lactation. Unlike zinc, in the case of selenium, no differences were found between the physiological states studied for alpacas or their offspring. Apparently, the zinc serum concentration changes through productive cycle of alpacas but not the whole blood selenium concentration. Further investigation is needed to define alpaca adequacy of zinc and selenium in relation to blood content of both minerals.