bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Maternal COVID-19 infection, clinical characteristics, pregnancy and neonatal outcome: a prospective cohort study at a tertiary care center in Central India
Authors: Tadas Moushmi S. Parpillewar , S. Prashanthi , Tankhiwale Mrunmayi , Singh Monika
Published: May 2021

Background: COVID-19 caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 is a global public health emergency as declared by WHO. Currently how it affects pregnancy very little is known. To identify maternal and neonatal risks associated with COVID-19 in pregnancy and to describe outcome a prospective cohort study was done. Associations were evaluated for all COVID-19 patients and for disease classified as mild versus moderate/severe disease.Methods: In this study COVID RT-PCR positive women who were admitted from 1 May to 31 August were included. Cases were classified according to their severity, investigations done and treated according to MOHFW (ministry of health and family welfare), India guidelines. Data was collected, analysed in terms of maternal and neonatal outcome.Results: Total 221 COVID-19 cases were admitted and 181 delivered during study period. There were 215 (97.28%) mild, 5 (2.71%) moderate and 1 (0.45%) severe cases. 210 (95.02%) were diagnosed in third trimester. Mean gestational age was 36.79±5.24 weeks and 3 out of 4 in moderate/severe category delivered preterm. 132 (59.73%) were asymptomatic. There was 1 ICU admission and 1 maternal death. Mean birth weight was 2.7±0.59 kg. There were 7 stillbirths, 14 NICU admission and 1 neonatal death.Conclusions: Majority of the covid infected women are asymptomatic are in mild category and there is no adverse maternal and neonatal outcome due to disease. Adversity of maternal and neonatal outcome depends on severity of disease and severity of disease is dependent on presence of co-morbidities.
Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in primary hypertension and ischemic heart disease-evaluation by doppler echocardiography
Authors: Kumar Rahul , Diwakar Sanjeev , . Srinivas
Published: May 2021

Background: Congestive heart failure caused by a predominant abnormality in diastolic function is both common and causes significant morbidity and mortality. The objective of the study was to evaluate application of doppler echocardiography in determining left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in ischemic heart disease and essential hypertension.Methods: Present study is based on analysis of 75 patients of hypertension and 60 patients of IHD (UA, AMI, IMI) admitted to Bapuji and Chigateri general hospital during December 2019 to November 2020. Detailed history and physical examination were done. Every patient was subjected to ECG, CXR, routine investigations and Doppler Echo cardiography.Results: A total of 75 patients of primary hypertension were studied. 37 patients showed diastolic dysfunction with E/A ratio <1, with increased atrial filling fraction. Out of 37 patients, 24 showed LVH and 13 cases did not have LVH. A total of 60 patients of ischemic heart disease were studied. 23 patients showed diastolic dysfunction with E/A ratio <1, with increased atrial filling fraction and prolonged isovolumetric relaxation time.Conclusions: Our findings suggest that myocardial damage in patients with HTN and IHD affects diastolic dysfunction before systolic dysfunction. Doppler echocardiography is a valuable non-invasive method to detect left ventricular diastolic impairment and the intentional assessment of diastolic function is advisable for early detection of LV dysfunction before clinical symptoms appear.
Assessment of prognostic value of FT3, FT4 and TSH among critically ill patients
Authors: Giri Richa , Yadav Pravin Kumar , Agarwal Saurabh , Kumar Lalit
Published: May 2021

Background: Thyroid dysfunction is found to be associated with increased morbidity and mortality rates in intensive care unit (ICU) admitted patients. Critically ill patients who were admitted to ICU showed free triiodothyronine (FT3) levels to be an independent and important predictor of mortality. Decreased levels of free thyroxine (T4) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) showed an indication of worsening of disease and poor prognosis. The most common thyroid hormonal change reported in critically ill patients is reduced serum T3 level. The aim of this study was assessment and prognostic value of thyroid function values among critically ill patients.Methods: The prospective observational study was conducted at department of medicine, at tertiary care hospital of Kanpur, India on 100 critically ill patients admitted who were more than 18 years of age. Patients with history s/o previous thyroid illness and documented thyroid disease, and clinically evident thyroid enlargement were excluded from the study.Results: 50 (50.0%) of 100 patients were males and 50 (50.0%) were females. A total 44.0% mortality was reported with 57±11.96 years of mean age of non-survivors. Only FT3 of thyroid functions have shown statistically highly significant differences (p<0.01). Conclusions: In our study patient admitted in ICU, FT3 was the strongest predictor of ICU mortality in comparison to all other important parameters included in our study.
A study on the prevalence of hypoalbuminemia in the hospitalized type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with acute hyperglycemia and its correlation with the risk to ketosis in these patients
Authors: Pandiyan Sindhu , Veerappan Saravanan Thanjavur Kathiresan , Mohan Medhun Kumar
Published: May 2021

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder that diminishes the quality and life expectancy of the patients by impacting a significant morbidity and mortality due to its associated complications. Diabetic ketoacidosis is considered as one such acute life-threatening complication of diabetes that is considered a medical emergency.Methods: The study was conducted as a retrospective analysis of 65 patients diagnosed as Type 2 diabetes mellitus as per the criteria of American Diabetes Association 2019 were included in the study. After the ethical clearance, the study was conducted at the Employment State Insurance Corporation Hospital and Post Graduate Institute of Medical Science and Research, Chennai over a period of 6 months from October 2019 to March 2020. A statistical analysis was done and all the calculations were based on two-sided hypothesis with p<0.05 interpreted as significant.Results: The analysis of the study showed there was a significant prevalence of hypoalbuminemia (37%) among the patients with diabetes admitted with acute hyperglycemia. The occurrence of ketonuria among those patients with hypoalbuminemia were 62.5% [odds ratio (OR): 3.15, p value: 0.02].Conclusions: From the study, serum albumin levels has an inverse correlation in patients with acute hyperglycemia. Furthermore, low serum albumin harbingers the risk to ketosis in patients admitted with acute hyperglycemia thereby mirroring the relative insulin deficiency in these patients. Serum albumin can be used by the treating physician as a cost-effective tool and a marker for insulin reserve of the beta cell in an individual admitted with acute hyperglycemia, it can be used as a reliable indicator to identify those at risk to ketosis thereby to prevent and treat the dreaded diabetes related complications.
Inter-American Development Bank Annual Report 1988
Authors:   Inter American Development Bank
Published: May 2021

The Annual Report contains a review of the Bank's operations in 1988.
Inter-American Development Bank Annual Report 1990
Authors:   Inter-American Development Bank
Published: May 2021

The Annual Report contains a review of the Bank's operations in 1990.
Inter-American Development Bank Annual Report 1996
Authors:   Inter-American Development Bank
Published: May 2021

The Annual Report contains a review of the Bank's operations in 1996.
Preparation of the Law on the Representation of the Scottish People in the 20-30 Years of the 19th Century and Its Influence on the Formation of the Political Needs of the Middle Class
Authors: Maximenko Marina A.
Published: May 2021

Recently, issues related to the history of the middle class have become popular. On the other hand, the processes associated with the formation of this class are no less interesting: the emergence of new values and guidelines, the formation of identity, as well as the development of their own political ambitions. It is difficult to overestimate the significance of the 1832 act, since many historians associate it with the granting of political freedom to the middle class. Indeed, thanks to the Scottish Representation Act, Scotland's electorate has been greatly increased; but, in addition to civil liberties, in the struggle for political rights, the middle class was able to understand their own political needs, which had a significant impact on identity formation. The article examined the preparation of the bill itself, the process of its discussion, as well as the impact the adoption of this law had on representatives of the Scottish middle class. Moreover, the text gives various historiographic concepts for the act of 1832, which were systematized according to a problematic principle.
Short-Term Accretional and Erosional Patterns in a Virginia Salt Marsh
Authors: Reidenbaugh Thomas , Banta William , Varricchio Michele , Strieter Robert , Mendoza Santoria
Published: May 2021

We estimated 3-year average rates of accretion and erosion in different vegetation zones of a juvenile Spartina alterniflora salt marsh at Wallops Island, Virginia, by precise releveling of a fixed grid. Seaward of the marsh there was extremely variable accretion and erosion in tidal flat, as a result of winter ice scouring and transport. At the lower limit of the marsh, tall Spartina edge marsh accreted at about 6.2 mm yr-1 , well in excess of relative sea level rise, supplied by mineral sediments. At the upper limit, levee Spartina and high marsh accreted at about 1.6 mm yr-1, in equilibrium with sea level rise. Accretion there was supplemented by organic sediments from tidal wrack. At mid-elevations, medium Spartina middle marsh eroded slightly at about -0.6 mm yr-1, and low-density Spartina and bare soil eroded rapidly at about -5.3 mm yr-1. These zones may be relatively sediment-starved. The most severe erosion resulted from vegetation diebacks beneath tidal wrack. Patterns of accretion and erosion show that this site is maturing topographically from a juvenile foreshore marsh to a creek-drained marsh.
Understanding the Dynamics of Pathogenic Infection in a Population
Authors: Banerjee Sangam
Published: May 2021

In this article we have presented a new perception of herd immunity threshold (HIT) which considers that only a “band of population” are susceptible to any pathogenic infection. This is termed as the “effective herd immunity threshold” (EHIT) and the progression of the disease (caused by this pathogenic infection) is mainly determined by this EHIT value. We have argued here that this EHIT value (considering the immunity band picture in the population) will be substantially lower than the estimated canonical HIT values obtained from various existing models. We propose that the actual prediction of the disease progression should now be calculated using the EHIT values.
Distress, anxiety, depression and unmet needs in thyroid cancer survivors: a longitudinal study
Authors: Dionisi-Vici Margherita , Fantoni Marta , Botto Rossana , Nervo Alice , Felicetti Francesco , Rossetto Ruth , Gallo Marco , Arvat Emanuela , Torta Riccardo , Leombruni Paolo
Published: May 2021

Purpose: Despite a good prognosis, thyroid cancer (TC) survivors often report psychological distress and decreased quality of life. This longitudinal study aims to evaluate TC survivors’ levels of distress, anxiety, depression and unmet needs, checking potential life events. Methods: Distress Thermometer, Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale, Supportive Care Need Survey (short form) and Interview for Recent Life Events were administered to 73 TC survivors (T0) and 44 of them were re-tested one year later (T1). Participants were at 0-5, 5-10 or >10 years from the end of their cancer-related treatments. Results: At T0, distress, anxiety and depression mean scores were 6.4, 6.8 and 5.3, while at T1 they were 5.5, 4.8 and 5.1. Only anxiety scores decreased significantly between T0 and T1. 50.7% of patients had unmet psychological needs at T0 and 31.8% at T1. Most participants were satisfied in the communicative/ informative (T0:79.5%; T1: 77.3%) and social/health care areas (T0:74%; T1:75%). The most experienced stressful events detected concerned their working areas.Conclusions: Results confirmed that patients reported distress, anxiety and depression concerns even many years after the end of treatments. Both medical and psychological surveillance are relevant to improving TC survivors’ wellbeing.
Human-efficient labeling of a solar flux emergence video dataset by a deep learning model
Authors: Chatterjee Subhamoy , Munoz-Jaramillo Andres , Lamb Derek
Published: May 2021

Machine learning is becoming a critical tool for interrogation of large complex data. However, labeling large datasets is time-consuming. Here we show that convolutional neural networks (CNNs), trained on crudely labeled astronomical videos, can be leveraged to improve the quality of data labeling and reduce the need for human intervention. We use videos of the solar photospheric magnetic field, crudely labeled into two classes: emergence or non-emergence of large bipolar magnetic regions (BMRs). We train the CNN using crude labeling, manually verify, correct labeling vs. CNN disagreements, and repeat this process until convergence. This results in a high-quality labeled dataset requiring the manual verification of only ~50% of all videos. Furthermore, by gradually masking the videos and looking for maximum change in CNN inference, we locate BMR emergence time without retraining the CNN. This demonstrates the versatility of CNNs for simplifying the challenging task of labeling complex dynamic events.
Estimating TBM Specific Energy by Employing the Rock Mass Strain Energy, A Case Study: Karaj – Tehran Water Conveyance Tunnel located in Iran
Authors: Mirahmadi Majid
Published: May 2021

Recently energy costs are increasing so it is critical to master the challenge of energy efficiency. Energy consumption for drilling in tunnel Boring Machines (TBMs) is mainly determined by the specific energy. Specific energy is the amount of energy needed to excavate a unit volume of rock mass and is considered one of the important parameters used for performance prediction of TBMs. This study tries to apply the strain energy of a rock mass to develop a new method for foretelling specific energy for TBM. The area under complete stress–strain curve is known as strain energy which is pertinent to the rock mass behavior, pre and post failure properties, peak strain and post peak strain. In this study statistical analysis performed through collected actual data from Karaj Tehran Water Conveyance Tunnel revealed a new relationship between the specific energy used by TBM (SE) and the strain energy. For more detailed study the rock mass classification is performed with respect to the geological strength index and all geological units are then classified in three classes and the specific energy of TBM is predicted based on the strain energy of rock mass for each three classes. The results reveals that two parameters of the specific energy and the strain energy are in a direct relation whose correlation is increased with considering the rock mass classification based on the post peak behavior of rock mass.
Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis of Clinical Effectiveness of Self-Management Interventions In Parkinson’s
Authors: Pigott Jennifer , Kane Edward J , Ambler Gareth , Walters Kate , Schrag Anette
Published: May 2021

IntroductionParkinson’s is a complex neurodegenerative condition with significant impact on quality of life (QoL), wellbeing and function. This review evaluates the clinical effectiveness of self-management interventions for people with Parkinson’s, taking a broad view of self-management and considering effects on QoL, wellbeing and function.MethodsSystematic database searches were conducted for studies evaluating self-management interventions for people with Parkinson’s. Articles were independently reviewed by two reviewers, data extracted and synthesised through a narrative approach and meta-analysis for sufficiently similar studies. Interventions were broken down into self-management components using the PRISMS Taxonomy.Results36 studies were included, encompassing a range of study designs and evaluating a diverse array of interventions. Risk of bias was moderate to high for the majority of studies, mostly due to lack of participant blinding, which is not often practical for interventions of this nature. Four studies report significant improvements in QoL, wellbeing or functional outcomes for the intervention compared to controls. These interventions were group-based self-management education and training programmes, either alone, combined with multi-disciplinary rehabilitation, or combined with Cognitive Behaviour Therapy; and a self-guided community-based exercise programme. A meta-analysis could be conducted on four RCTs of self-management education and training programmes evaluating QoL, demonstrating no significant difference between the self-management and the control groups (p=0.38). Components more common in the RCTs with effective interventions and in those showing pre-post intervention improvement were: information about resources; training or rehearsing psychological strategies; social support; and lifestyle advice and support.ConclusionApproaches and outcomes to self-management interventions in Parkinson’s are heterogenous. There are insufficient high quality RCTs in this field to show effectiveness of self-management interventions in Parkinson’s. Whilst it is not possible to draw conclusions on specific intervention components that convey effectiveness, there are promising findings from some studies, which could be targeted in future evaluations.
Risk Factors of Falls in Hospitalized Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Wang Fei , Yu Jingwen , Wang Fen , Ji Qun , Gao Lan , Quan Huibiao , Chen Kaining , Jin Wei
Published: May 2021

Background Falls of T2DM inpatients with multiple comorbidities not only lead to musculoskeletal injury but also prolonged duration of hospital stay due to delayed healing, original diseases aggravation and increased risk of nosocomial infection.Objective To determine the risk factors of falling in T2DM patients during hospitalization.Methods Clinical data are selected from the patients administered in the department of endocrinology in Hainan General Hospital from the year of 2015 to 2020 with 38 patients in the fall group and 38 patients in the non-fall group. Clinical features and diagnosis-treatment differences are analyzed between the two groups and the correlations of falls and variables are as well evaluated. Results Levels of FBG, LDL-C, ALP, Morse Fall Scale (MFS), treatment of insulin or secretagogue, frequency of hypoglycemic events, diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DN), diabetic retinopathy (DR), chronic kidney disease (CKD), coexistence of cerebral infarction (CI) and osteoporosis (OP) rates in fall group were higher than those in non-fall group (P<0.05), the serum albumin (ALB), HDL-C and ADL scores were lower in fall group than those in non-fall group; MFS score, frequency of hypoglycemic events, DN, DR, CKD, OP, CI, FBG, LDL-C and ALP levels were positively correlated with fall (P<0.05);on the other hand, 25 (OH) D, serum calcium, ALB, and HDL-C levels were negatively correlated with falls (P<0.05);Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that low level of HDL-C and cerebral infarction were the main risk factors of falls in T2DM inpatients, and the higher the HDL-C, the lower the risk of falls (OR=0.021,P=0.002).Besides, the risk of falling was higher in patients with concurrent cerebral infarction (OR=21.738,P=0.029).Conclusion Patients with chronic diabetic complications, cerebral infarction or osteoporosis, insulin or insulin secretagogue adminstration, high frequency of hypoglycemic events and low HDL-C level are at a higher risk of falling during hospitalization. Therefore, it is necessary to identify the occurrence of falling intensely, prescribe drugs with lower risk of hypoglycemia , and reinforce fall prevention education.
High Throughput Screening of Differentially Expressed Cytokines of Cerebrospinal Fluid to Predict the Progression of Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease
Authors: Chen Junjie , Xiao Zijing , Li Peiqing , Yang Xiaoqi , Wang Jing , Wei Ru , Yang Sida , Qi Fangfang , Hu Dandan
Published: May 2021

Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) usually has a good prognosis, but in a small number of serious neurological complications can also occur especially to those younger than 3 years old children. Therefore, early diagnosis of hand, foot and mouth disease is very important to improve the cure rate of children with severe HFMD. In this study, we determined to find new potential disease-related indicators in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) to predict the progression and prognosis of HFMD. We collected CSF samples from mild or severe HFMD in the acute phage. The 1000 cytokines in CSF samples were analyzed using the Raybiotec Cytokine array, then Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis were carried out to evaluate the related biological process and potential signaling pathways. We successfully screened 9 DEPs, including CCL5, IL17c, EDAR, TACI, Nectin1, VCAM1, SIGLEC1, CD69 and ROBO4 in the CSF, which may be potential biomarkers for predicting disease progression and prognosis. CD69 and ROBO4 might be a specific indicator suggesting severe HFMD, while elevated expression of NECTIN1 might suggest disease improve, highlighting the potential to predict remission.
Synchronous Use of Hindakia Sp. For Electricity Generation and Dairy Wastewater Treatment
Authors: WasimRaja Sikkandhar , Thanuja Kalyanasundaram Geetha , Karthikeyan Subburamu , Marimuthu Subramanian
Published: May 2021

This paper illustrates the potential of microalgae in electricity production in concurrence with wastewater treatment. In order to explore the potential biogenic algal strains, our study focused on the isolation of microalgal strains from various aquatic sources. Cyclic voltammetry was performed to detect the electrogenic activity and out of 18 algal isolates, six algal strains were screened. The cyclic voltammograms of Hindakia sp from the culture collection revealed the well-defined redox peak in contrast to the other algal strains. The electrogenic Hindakia sp. was also analyzed for their potential to remove nutrients in wastewater treatment. A fifteen days trial under lab scale race way pond was conducted to evaluate the performance of electrogenic algae. A significant decrease in N, P, BOD, COD, and TOC was observed. The removal efficiency of NH4-N, NO3-N, P, BOD, COD and TOC were 90.38, 90.24, 66.75, 67.15, 69.44, and 83.51 respectively. Hindakia sp was able to produce 13.79 mg/ml of EPS which paves way to a hydrated biofilm matrix that aids in better electrogenicity. To the best of our knowledge, EPS production, electrogenic activity and their utility in waste water treatment are reported for the first time in Hindakia sp. The results of our study demonstrated the combined beneficial traits of microalgae towards electricity production and waste water treatment.
Study on the Hydrothermal Coupling Characteristics of Polyurethane Insulation Boards Slope Protection Structure Incorporating Phase Change Effect
Authors: Liu Hailiang , Ma Donghe , Wang Changming , Liu Xiaoyang , Wu Di , Li Bailong , Khan Kaleem Ullah Jan
Published: May 2021

As an important hydraulic infrastructure, the canals are essential for agricultural irrigation, shipping and industry. In the seasonal freeze regions, the water conveyance canals are damaged due to the effects of freeze-thaw cycles. The freeze depth of soil in the water transfer canal varies considerably due to changes in temperature and water content. The paper compares the relationship of the freeze depth, temperature and water content by field tests and numerical calculation methods Incorporating phase change. The results show that the decrease in temperature causes the water in the soil to freeze, the ice front migrate downwards, and the water in soil below ice front gradually migrate towards the ice front, resulting a large difference in water content of the soil before and after freezing. An insulation slope structure, Polyurethane insulation board + Concrete board slope structure (PC), is proposed in this paper to mitigate the effect of freezing and thawing on the water conveyance canals. Under the protective effect, the freeze depth decreases significantly. In addition, this paper compares the anti-frost effect of different thicknesses polyurethane insulation boards, and the results can provide a reference for the anti-frost design of water conveyance canals.
Characteristics of Argininemia and Effect of Liver Transplantation-the Largest Experience in China
Authors: Cui Bin , Wei Lin , Zhu Zhi-Jun , Sun Li-Ying , Qu Wei , Zeng Zhi-Gui , Liu Ying
Published: May 2021

Background: Argininemia is a rare urea cycle disorder due to arginase-1 deficiency, characterized by progressive spastic paraplegia. Coagulation dysfunction has been reported in few researches, and the pathophysiology is still unclear. Advances in diagnosis and treatment have increased the number of patients receiving effective management; however, not all symptoms are prevented under traditional treatments, and there is no consensus on liver transplantation (LT) for the treatment of patients with argininemia. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of patients who had been done LT in our center between January 2015 and November 2019. Eleven patients with argininemia were included for their poor response to protein restriction dietary and alternative therapy of nitrogen scavengers. The details on coagulation, liver function, histopathological and morphological examination of liver samples, and other clinical presentations were extracted. The Grading Scale for evaluating neurological status and classification of physical growth and quality of life was used to assess the effect of LT. Results: All patients demonstrated hyperarginine, progressive neurological impairments, among whom nine patients presented coagulation dysfunction pre-oparation. After LT, the coagulation index and plasma arginine returned to normal in all patients, and neurological symptoms, growth deficit, and quality of life improved significantly without any severe complications. All patients survive to date. Conclusions: Our findings indicated that coagulation abnormality was a typical presentation of argininemia. LT can prevent progressive neurological impairment and restore metabolic disorders entirely.
Host Phylogeny Determines the Gut Microbial Landscape of Cephalopods
Authors: Kang Woorim , Kim Pil Soo , Tak Euon Jung , Sung Hojun , Shin Na-Ri , Hyun Dong-Wook , Whon Tae Woong , Kim Hyun Sik , Lee June-Young , Yun Ji-Hyun , Jung Mi-Ja , Bae Jin-Woo
Published: May 2021

Background: Compared to vertebrate gut microbiomes, little is known about the factors shaping the gut microbiomes in invertebrates, especially in non-insect invertebrates. Class Cephalopoda is the only group in the phylum Mollusca characterized by a closed circulatory system and a well-differentiated digestive system to process their carnivorous diet. Despite their key phylogenetic position for comparative studies as well as their ecological and commercial importances, analyses of the cephalopod gut microbiome are limited. In this study, we characterized the gut microbiota of six species of wild cephalopods by Illumina MiSeq sequencing of 16S rRNA gene amplicons.Results: Each cephalopod gut consisted of a distinct consortium of microbes. Photobacterium and Mycoplasma were prevalent in all cephalopod hosts and were identified as core taxa. The gut microbial composition reflected host phylogeny. The importance of host phylogeny was supported by a detailed oligotype-level analysis of operational taxonomic units assigned to Photobacterium and Mycoplasma, although Photobacterium typically inhabited multiple hosts, whereas Mycoplasma tended to show host-specific colonization. Further, we showed that class Cephalopoda has a distinct gut microbial community from those of other molluscan groups. The gut microbiota of the phylum Mollusca was determined by host phylogeny, diet, and environment (aquatic vs. terrestrial).Conclusion: We provide the first comparative analysis of cephalopod and mollusk gut microbial communities. The gut microbial community of cephalopods is composed of the distinctive microbes and strongly associated with their phylogeny. The genera Photobacterium and Mycoplasma are core taxa in the cephalopod gut microbiota. Collectively, our findings of this study provide evidence that cephalopod and mollusk gut microbiomes reflect phylogeny, environment, and the diet of the host and these data can be suggested to establish future directions for invertebrate gut microbiome research.
Mechanisms Of Impact And Contextual Aspects of A Care Concept From A Dementia Special Care Unit In Long-Term Care: Process Evaluation As Part of A Theory-Driven Evaluation
Authors: Adlbrecht Laura , Bartholomeyczik Sabine , Mayer Hanna
Published: May 2021

Background: In long-term care, persons with dementia are often cared for in specialised facilities, which are rather heterogeneous in regard to their design and care concepts. Little information is available on how these facilities and care concepts bring about changes in the targeted outcomes. Such knowledge is needed to understand the effects of care concepts and to consciously shape further developments. This study aimed to explore the mechanisms of impact of a specific care concept from a dementia special care unit and the contextual aspects that influence its implementation or outcomes.Methods: Using a qualitative approach to process evaluation of complex interventions, we conducted participating observations and focus groups with nurses and single interviews with ward and nursing home managers. Data were collected from two identical dementia special care units to enhance the contrasts in the analysis of two non-specialised nursing homes. We analysed the data thematically. We conducted 16 observations, three group interviews and eleven individual interviews.Results: We identified seven themes in three domains related to mechanisms that lead to outcomes regarding residents’ and nurses’ behaviour and well-being. The development of nurses' skills and knowledge changes team-level competence and leads to an altered understanding of nursing. The promotion of a positive work climate reduces distress and promotes the long-term implementation of the care concept. Adjusted spatial structures and personnel strategies facilitate the implementation of interventions for residents and promote the fulfilment of their needs. Personalised psychosocial interventions promote residents' relaxation, engagement in activities and social interaction and thereby empower them to become part of the social community, to spend their time purposefully, to have positive experiences and to experience belonging and affection. The implementation and outcomes of the care concept are influenced by contextual aspects relating to the (target) population and cultural, organisational and financial features.Conclusions: The care concept of the dementia special care unit results in higher levels of relaxation, activities, and social interaction of residents. Its implementation highly depends on the shared understanding of nursing and the skills of the nursing team. Changes in residents’ characteristics result in altered effects of the concept.Trial registration: DRKS00011513
İstanbul’a Göç Etmiş Kadınların Sosyalleşmesinde Sporun Rolü -Beylikdüzü Örneği-
Authors: Güneş Çelik Ayten , Ay Serap
Published: May 2021

Günümüzde birçok nedenden dolayı göç eden kadınların sayısı giderek artmaktadır ve süregelen bu artış göç çalışmalarını cinsiyet çalışmalarına yönlendirmiştir. Kadınların göç ettikleri yerde sosyalleşmeleri araştırmalar arasında giderek önemli hale gelse de kadınların sosyalleşmek için sporu bir araç olarak kullanmaları üzerine yapılan çalışmalar yeterli olmamaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye’nin farklı bölgelerinden İstanbul’un en fazla göç alan ilçelerinden biri olan Beylikdüzü ilçesine farklı zamanlarda ve çeşitli sebeplerden dolayı göç etmiş kadınların spor yapma sıklıkları ile gelir durumları arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi ve gelir seviyelerine göre etrafındakilerle kurmuş oldukları iletişimin incelenmesidir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda Beylikdüzü Belediyesi Beylicium AVM ve Barış Mahallesi/ Semerkand Spor Merkezlerine üyeliği olan 155 kadının katılımı ile araştırma verileri anket yoluyla toplanmış ve verilerin analizinde SPSS 20.0 paket programı kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda; Beylikdüzü ilçesine göç etmiş kadınların gelir seviyeleri ile spor yapma sıklıkları arasında anlamlı bir farklılık olmadığı görülmüştür. Kadınların büyük bir kısmı spor yaparken etrafındaki kişilerle daha çabuk iletişim kurduğunu belirtmişlerdir. Bu iletişimin gelir durumu düşük olan kadınlarda daha fazla olduğu görülürken, gelir durumu yükseldikçe kadınların iletişim kurma oranlarında azalma görülmüştür. Araştırmanın sonucunda, kadınların göç ettikleri yerde sosyalleşmelerinde sporun olumlu bir etkiye sahip olduğu ve gelir durumu düşük olan kadınların spor yaparken etrafındakiler ile daha çabuk iletişime geçtikleri tespit edilmiştir.
The adversity on establishing places of worship: has religious freedom failed in Indonesia?
Authors: Arifin Ridwan , Helmi Hanif , Nte Ngaboawaji Daniel , Waspiah Waspiah , Latifiani Dian
Published: May 2021

Religious freedom has various interpretations in practice, although the rule of law regulates this right. In many cases, freedom of religion is closely related to human rights and security studies, however, not infrequently, the cases intersect with political policies. This paper aims to analyze various cases regarding religious freedom in Indonesia concerning human rights. This paper examines various phenomena related to difficulties and establishing places of worship, especially for certain groups in Indonesia in various policies and legal regulations in Indonesia. The method used for this research is non-empirical research. All data dan information analyzed come up from various previous research. This paper found and underlined that debates on the relativity of human rights often lead to different perceptions in human rights standards. Various laws relating to communities of places of worship, in many cases and considered by many experts to violate the basic principles of human rights. This paper also emphasized that the fulfillment of human rights in Indonesia concerning religious freedom cannot be separated from historical, sociological, and cultural factors of the Indonesian people themselves.
PENANDA ASPEK SECARA MORFOLOGIS DALAM BAHASA INDONESIA
Authors: I Nengah Mileh
Published: May 2021

The Indonesian language has particle category used to explain the meaning of aspectual verbal. The aspectual particle can support various aspects, such as (a) perspective, that is the aspect referring to an overview of events as a whole (complete situation), and (b) Imperfective, namely aspects that describe imperfect events (incomplete situations). This study aims to find markers of morphological aspects that determine the types of aspects in Indonesian. Observation methods and note taking techniques were used in data collection, synchronic descriptive methods were used to analyze data assisted by inductive or deductive techniques, while the presentation of analysis results used informal methods, namely methods of presenting the results of the analysis using the formulation of words. In this study, ten types of aspects were found, namely durative, frequentative, inkoative, perfective, futurative, iterative, habituative, momentant, spontaneity, and indeterminative aspects. Morphological aspect markers that determine the appearance of the types of aspects in Indonesian are affixation (affixation), repetition (reduplication), and compounding.

 Keywords: aspect, language, morphology
Pemberian Karang Memadu Sebagai Sanksi Adat Untuk Mencegah Poligami di Desa Adat Panglipuran
Authors: Budiartha I Nyoman Putu , Wirawan I Wayan Suka , Srimurti I Nyoman
Published: May 2021

Pemberian lahan ”Tanah Karang Memadu” bagi mereka yang melakukan perkawinan poligami di Desa Adat Pengelipuran, Bangli adalah bentuk sanksi adat dari kearifan lokal setempat yang wajib dilestarikan. Sanksi adat ini telah terbukti mampu mencegah niat masyarakat untuk melakukan poligami. Dalam Undang-undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1974 yang sudah diubah dengan Undang-undang Nomor 16 Tahun 2019 tentang Perkawinan, ditegaskan bahwa perkawinan adalah ikatan lahir batin antara seorang laki-laki dengan seorang perempuan. Jadi asas yang dianut adalah asas monogami. Namun demikian tidak sedikit masyarakat karena alasan tertentu melakukan perkawinan poligami atau mempunyai lebih dari satu orang istri. Secara normatif, masyarakat adat Desa Penglipuran memandang berpoligami itu sebagai pelanggaran norma adat. Karena itulah bagi mereka yang berani melakukan poligami dikenakan sanksi keluar dari pekarangan desa, lalu diberikan tempat yang disebut sebagai “Karang Mamadu”. Penelitian ini menjawab permasalahan, bagaimanakah pelaksanaan sanksi adat Karang Memadu di Desa Penglipuran, dan apakah sanksi adat Karang Memadu terlaksana dengan efektif di Desa Adat Penglipuran. Jenis penelitian yang akan dipergunakan dalam jenis penelitian hukum emperis. Temuan hasil penelitian membrikan penegasan bahwa pemberian ”Karang Memadu” adalah salah satu bentuk sanksi adat yang mempunyai implikasi hukum sangat singinifian dalam rangka mencegah terjadinya perkawinan poligami atau “memadu”. Indikasinya adalah, sampai penelitian ini selesai dilakukan sama sekali “karang memadu” yang dimaksud belum pernah dimanfaatkan oleh mereka yang melakukan perkawinan poligami. Saran yang dapat direkomenasikan adalah, sanksi pemberian”Karang Memadu” ini agar dilestarikan untuk menjamin keteraturan sosial.
Pengaruh Perputaran Modal Kerja Perputaran Piutang, dan Perputaran Persediaan Terhadap Rentabilitas Ekonomi Perusahaan Sektor Perdagangan Eceran di Bursa Efek Indonesia
Authors: Wasundari Anak Agung Ayu Mas , Suriani Ni Nyoman
Published: May 2021

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perputaran modal kerja, perputaran piutang, dan perputaran persediaan secara simultan dan parsial terhadap rentabilitas ekonomi. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 12 perusahaan berdasarkan teknik pengambilan sampel teknik purposive sampling. Data diperoleh dari situs web www.idx.co.id. Analisis data yang digunakan regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: (1) Terdapat pengaruh signifikan antara perputaran modal kerja, perputaran piutang, dan perputaran persediaan secara simultan terhadap rentabilitas ekonomi Perusahaan sektor perdagangan eceran yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia tahun 2015-2018. (2) Terdapat pengaruh signifikan antara perputaran modal kerja terhadap rentabilitas ekonomi Perusahaan sektor perdagangan eceran yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia tahun 2015-2018. (3) Terdapat pengaruh signifikan antara perputaran piutang terhadap rentabilitas ekonomi Perusahaan sektor perdagangan eceran yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia tahun 2015-2018. (4) Tidak terdapat pengaruh signifikan antara perputaran persediaan terhadap rentabilitas ekonomi Perusahaan sektor perdagangan eceran yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia tahun 2015-2018.
Curvilinear relationship of entrepreneurial experience and entrepreneurial self-efficacy: Entrepreneurial passion as a moderator
Authors: Liu Yanbin , Wang Wei , Yuan Ping , Yuan Yanpeng
Published: May 2021

We combined experience curve theory and social learning theory and proposed that the relationship between entrepreneurs' prior experience and their entrepreneurial self-efficacy would be curvilinear, with the upward slope of the curve gradually decreasing. Participants were 266 entrepreneurs
in Southeast China who completed a survey. Our results show there was a nonlinear relationship between entrepreneurial experience and entrepreneurial self-efficacy, suggesting that as entrepreneurs gained more experience, the rate of entrepreneurial self-efficacy slowed down. Furthermore,
we found that entrepreneurial passion moderated this curvilinear relationship, such that when entrepreneurial passion was strong, nascent entrepreneurs with less experience exhibited greater entrepreneurial self-efficacy than did entrepreneurs with more experience. Theoretical contributions
and future research directions are discussed.
Peer abusive supervision and third-party employee creativity from a social exchange theory perspective
Authors: Tan Liang , Ma Zhuang , Huang Jun , Guo Gengxuan
Published: May 2021

We used social exchange theory to construct a theoretical framework of peer abusive supervision, third-party perception of organizational support, third-party employee creativity, and third-party perception of supervisory organizational embodiment. We then empirically tested the theoretical
model with 367 supervisor–employee paired dyads from five large real estate companies in China. The results show that peer abusive supervision had a negative impact on third-party employee creativity, and third-party perception of organizational support played a mediating role in this
relationship. Further, third-party perception of supervisory organizational embodiment positively moderated the impact of peer abusive supervision on third-party perception of organizational support. Our results, which show the spillover effect and boundary conditions of abusive supervision
on third-party employee creativity, are significant for the enhancement of employee creativity in corporate management practice.
Spectrally multimode integrated SU(1,1) interferometer
Authors: Ferreri Alessandro , Santandrea Matteo , Stefszky Michael , Luo Kai H. , Herrmann Harald , Silberhorn Christine , Sharapova Polina R.
Published: May 2021

Nonlinear SU(1,1) interferometers are fruitful and promising tools for spectral engineering and precise measurements with phase sensitivity below the classical bound. Such interferometers have been successfully realized in bulk and fiber-based configurations. However, rapidly developing integrated technologies provide higher efficiencies, smaller footprints, and pave the way to quantum-enhanced on-chip interferometry. In this work, we theoretically realised an integrated architecture of the multimode SU(1,1) interferometer which can be applied to various integrated platforms. The presented interferometer includes a polarization converter between two photon sources and utilizes a continuous-wave (CW) pump. Based on the potassium titanyl phosphate (KTP) platform, we show that this configuration results in almost perfect destructive interference at the output and supersensitivity regions below the classical limit. In addition, we discuss the fundamental difference between single-mode and highly multimode SU(1,1) interferometers in the properties of phase sensitivity and its limits. Finally, we explore how to improve the phase sensitivity by filtering the output radiation and using different seeding states in different modes with various detection strategies.
PERCEPÇÕES DE MEIO AMBIENTE EM ESTUDANTES DE INSTITUIÇÕES DE ENSINO GEOGRÁFICA E CULTURALMENTE DISTINTAS
Authors: Ferreira Farias Damon , Noelia Pucheta Flávia , Alves Pereira Cláudio
Published: May 2021

O estudo buscou investigar as apropriações de significados de conceitos de Meio Ambiente por parte de estudantes do ensino médio separados geográfica e culturalmente, sendo um dos grupos vinculado a uma instituição estadual do tipo Escola do Campo localizada em Campo Formoso, estado da Bahia e o segundo composto por estudantes do curso Técnico em Meio Ambiente, na modalidade de ensino técnico integrado ao médio, de um Instituto Federal com campus em Governador Valadares, estado de Minas Gerais. O estudo é do tipo exploratório-descritivo e utilizou formulário eletrônico para coletar as informações, devido ao distanciamento imposto pela pandemia da Covid-19. O resultado apontou a necessidade de se considerar a inclusão da Educação Ambiental de forma a permear todo o currículo do estudante do Ensino Médio, adotando-se o enfoque crítico e aplicada a questões do cotidiano desses sujeitos, potencializando aprendizados que se materializarão em transformação social e preservação ambiental.
IGU-YECG Special Issue: Geospatiality And Sustainable Development Goals
Authors: Sikka Gaurav , Yenneti Komali , Singh Ram Babu
Published: May 2021

The rapid human development and the conflicts between society, economy and environment has greatly hindered the implementation of sustainable development strategy. The ‘2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development’ and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) provides a universal framework for addressing the issues identified in previous development agendas and achieving policy goals in social, economic and environmental spheres. However, the governments and decision-makers across the world have been facing challenges related to monitoring and assessing the progress of SDGs. The use of geospatial science and spatial data architectures can address these challenges and support holistic monitoring and evaluation of SDGs. This editorial paper discusses the role of geospatial science in implementation of SDGs by drawing on the scholarly works published in the special issue titled ‘Geospatiality and Sustainable Development Goals’. The issue provided a platform for research publications by young and early career geographers from across the world. Several papers in the issue were drawn from different IGU conference sessions organised by the IGU-Task Force for Young and Early Career Geographers (IGU-YECG) since from its establishment (Beijing, 2016) to the upcoming 34th IGC at Istanbul (2021). By bringing the debates on SDGs to the forefront explicitly, this editorial paper reinstates interest in the topic.
Optimistic Changes in the Characters of Shashi Deshpande’s in A Matter of Time
Authors: Saraswathy M.
Published: May 2021

Shashi Deshpande focuses the need of human beings of present generation to be optimistic in the fast moving planetary as human life across the world is turning bleak time and again. In modern society, people fail to train their minds to be positive, they intentionally or unintentionally give space for emotions and thoughts to torture their thoughts perhaps and that leads to mental illness and carries malicious reflection in individuals, families and societies. Shashi Deshpande does a complete analysis on the rational thinking process of human beings to create happiness and to experience the power of one’s creation in this cosmic. Through her characters, Shashi Deshpande makes the readers understand that to enhance and empower their role in life, they must learn to unlearn negative thoughts and fill their minds with positive thoughts.
On triple sequence space of Bernstein Stancu Cheney and Sharma operator of rough I_lambda-convergence of weight g
Authors: Indumathi Arulmani , Esi Ayhan , Subramanian Nagarajan
Published: May 2021

We introduce and study some basic properties of rough I_lambda-convergence of weight g, where g is a function statisying certain conditions, of a triple sequence of Bernstein Stancu Cheney and Sharma operators and also investigate certain properties of rough I_lambda-convergence of weight g.