bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mutation S249C of FGFR3b Promotes Bladder Cancer through Downstream
Signaling Proteins FRS2 and FRS3: A Computational Approach
Authors: Ali Aisha , Lateef Alwisha , Waheed Zuha , Waseem Mishal , Zaheer Tahreem , Gomez Miriam K , Blaheta Roman , Justin Saira
Published: August 2023

Background:

Bladder cancer is the 9th most prevalent malignancy worldwide. Fibroblast
Growth Factor Receptor 3b (FGFR3b), involved in cell proliferation, differentiation, and migration,
is a mutations hotspot for bladder cancer with the most prevalent aberration being S249C.

Objective:

Impact of S249C of FGFR3b on bladder tumorigenesis via immediate downstream adapter
proteins, Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor Substrate (FRS2 and FRS3) is analyzed computationally.

Methods:

Wildtype FGFR3b monomer was modeled using I-TASSER and Phyre2. Whereas,
S249C mutation was introduced via DynaMut. Wildtype FGFR3b homodimer and mutant heterodimer
were structured and docked with downstream proteins using HADDOCK. PDBSum was
used to study the amino acid residues involved in intermolecular and intramolecular interactions.

Results:

Parameters of molecular flexibility and interatomic interactions predicted S249C heterodimer
mutation of FGFR3b to be stable. Furthermore, docking with FRS2 protein revealed greater
stability and higher binding affinity for S249C heterodimer mutant compared to wildtype homodimer.
However, FRS3 docking showed a negligible decline in binding affinity for the S249C mutation
but based on Van der Waal’s energy and insights into the interacting residues, it was revealed
that these interactions might be stronger and for longer duration in comparison to the wildtype homodimer.

Conclusion:

S249C heterodimer mutation of FGFR3b is predicted to be stable with a tumorigenic
potential where FRS2 and FRS3 might be among the key players of altered downstream signaling.
Further investigations are required for a detailed picture.
The Cytotoxic and Anti-tumor Potential of Methanolic Extracts of Indian Marine
Isolates in HCT116 Colorectal Cancer Cells
Authors: A Shahjahan , Sekar Sruthi , Kasinathan Kumaran , KN ArulJothi
Published: August 2023

Introduction:

The marine environment is a rich source of biodiversity, with several of its inhabitants producing
unique and physiologically active substances. The use of marine bacterial-derived chemicals over traditional
pharmaceuticals is gaining traction due to their larger variety of targets and modes of action. To circumvent the drawbacks
of current therapy options, researchers have looked to marine microbes for novel and effective anti-cancer compounds.
In this study, we examine one of India's least-examined coastal areas in search of novel bacterial sources of
anti-cancer chemicals.

Methods:

Soil sediments from the Indian south coast region were collected and microbes were isolated using standard
methods. The microorganisms were identified using 16s rRNA sequencing, and cytotoxic extracts were further examined
using GC-MS. MTT, clonogenic, and spheroid tests assessed the extract's cytotoxicity and anti-tumor efficacy.

Results:

Our results indicated that the bacterial isolates with potent cytotoxic activity were Bacillus drentensis and
Bacillus haikouensis and had 10 and 12 potent anti-cancer and other bioactive compounds. The extracts had an IC50 of
30.08 and 109.4 μg/ml in the HCT116 cell line, respectively, and strongly inhibited colony formation. The cell cycle
analysis indicated that the extract induced cell death as indicated by the subG0 peak. We also showed that these methanolic
extracts induced toxicity in a 3D spheroid model indicating a strong anti-tumor activity. Furthermore, we performed
molecular docking for the compounds present in the extracts to VEGFR and nucleolin and found that ergostane
had favorable binding energy only to VEGFR.

Conclusion:

The results indicate that the ME of B. drentensis and B. haikouensis contains potent anti-cancer compounds
to exhibit cytotoxic and anti-tumor activity in colorectal cancer cells.
Formulation and Development of Clove and Coriander Combination
Herbal Dental Anticaries Gel and Evaluation of its Antimicrobial Activity
Authors: Paramita Ganguly , Julekha Kazi , Kumar Mandal Sudip
Published: August 2023

Background::

Dental caries is one of the Periodontal diseases that has been recognized
as a major public health problem for decades throughout the world. It occurs in all groups, ethnicities,
races, and genders at all socioeconomic levels. Natural remedies are more acceptable in the belief
that they are safer with fewer side effects than synthetic ones. Clove and coriander oil are established
herbal drugs for periodontal diseases.

Objective::

This research work was intended to formulate a dental gel containing clove and Coriander
as the major constituents and evaluate it for dental caries treatment. Both of the herbal oils have
a vast range of antimicrobial activity against a great number of periodontal pathogens; therefore,
they are used for periodontitis treatment.

Methods::

The combination gel was prepared using carbopol 934 as a gelling agent, clove oil and
coriander oil as therapeutic constituents, polyethylene glycol as a co-solvent, methyl paraben and
propyl paraben as a preservative and a required quantity of distilled water as vehicle.

Results::

The gel was analyzed for various properties like antimicrobial activity, pH, spreadability,
extrudability, drug content etc., and it was shown that the combination gel is a satisfactory dosage
form that is used in periodontitis treatment. The combination gel revealed the ZI (zone of inhibition)
of about 22.05±0.04 mm.

Conclusion::

The present study concluded that the combination gel preparations of clove oil and coriander
oil reported satisfactory physicochemical properties along with good drug content compared
to the single gel preparation.
Pharmacognostical, Physicochemical Evaluation, and In Vitro Anti-obesity Investigation of Citrullus colocynthis Linn. Fruits from Western Haryana
Authors: Dahiya Vinesh , Vasudeva Neeru , Sharma Sunil , Kumar Ashok
Published: August 2023

Background:

Cucurbitaceae family plants have been widely used as traditional medicines for the prevention and treatment of many ailments. Citrullus colocynthis Linnaeus also known as Colocynth, is a bitter plant commonly found growing in sandy deserts around the world, and it grows naturally in the Western Haryana region. Fruits of this plant have been utilized traditionally for various medicinal purposes, like as an appetite suppressant, hypoglycemic, diuretic, laxative, anthelmintic, and for treating renal stones.

Objective:

The objective of this study is to carry out the in vitro anti-obesity investigation, pharmacognostical studies, heavy metal and pesticide residue analysis, microbial contamination, and mycotoxins evaluation of the Citrullus colocynthis fruits for establishing their quality, safety, efficacy, and purity standards.

Methods:

Fresh fruits were collected and taxonomically authenticated. The pharmacognostical characteristics of the intact and powdered fruits were identified and qualitative and quantitative phytochemical evaluation was performed. Physicochemical evaluation, heavy metal and pesticide residue detection, microbial contamination, and mycotoxins analysis were performed as per WHO guidelines 2011. In vitro inhibition activities for pancreatic lipase and α-amylase enzymes were carried out as per standard procedures and IC50 values were recorded.

Results:

The pharmacognostical standards viz. macroscopy, microscopy and physicochemical parameters were laid, and the drug was declared free from microbial contamination and mycotoxins. Heavy metal analysis and pesticide residue detection revealed that their presence was below toxic levels. The Powder microscopy, microbial contamination, mycotoxin evaluation, and pesticide residue of the Colocynth fruits are novel findings. The IC50 values (µg/ml) for pancreatic lipase inhibition for aqueous and ethanolic extracts were found to be 21.27±1.25 and 34.35±1.86, and for α-glucosidase, the values were 271.12±2.64 and 283.21±3.06, and for α-glucosidase, the values were 295.67±2.92 and 306.15±3.44 respectively. Thus, the fruit extracts showed significant in vitro anti-obesity potential.

Conclusion:

Pharmacognostical and physicochemical studies prove to be useful in reducing commercial adulteration of the crude drug by assuring their purity and identity and this could further help in improving the quality of formulations incorporating it. The results of various standardization parameters could be used for designing the monograph of the crude drug. The fruits were found to be fit for therapeutic consumption and their extracts have shown good pancreatic lipase inhibition. The in vitro anti-obesity investigation findings of the fruit extracts can further be explored in-vivo for evaluating their therapeutic efficacy.
Identification of Blood Protozoa Infestation Transmitted by Vector Tikes among Awassi Sheep Herds in Kifri City, Kurdistan Region of Iraq
Authors: Hossein Mahmood Ahmad
Published: August 2023

Blood protozoan disease is a common disease among animals in the Kifri city, Kurdistan region of Iraq that this disease is mostly transmitted by ticks. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the level of blood protozoan and to identify vector ticks in the native breed sheep (Awassi sheep) in Kifri city. For this purpose, blood samples were taken from 150 sheep suspected suffering from protozoan infection according to their clinical symptoms. In the present study, we prepared blood slides from suspected sheep and stained with Giemsa staining, and then at the same time, hard ticks were collected from the sheep’s body. Then, the protozoan type was diagnosed and the vector tick species were identified by microscopically. The obtained results were statistically analyzed by the chi-square test. The results showed that 35 (23.33%) of that samples were infected with Babesia protozoa as 25 samples (16.66%) were infected with Babesia ovis, seven samples (4.66%) with Babesia mutasi, and three samples (2%) with B. ovis and B. mutasi. No infestation with Theileria and Anaplasma species was found. Rhipicephalus, Hyalomma, Dermacentor, and Haemaphysalis ticks were isolated and identified from the studied sheep. The results showed that the presence of the Rhipicephalus bursa tick is significantly (P < 0.05) related to the existence of Babesiosis disease in sheep. This study concluded that most of the studied sheep in Kifri city are infected with Babesia protozoa, especially B. ovis.
A Review of Computer Vision–Based Traffic Controlling and Monitoring
Authors: Manguri Kamaran Hussein Khdir , Mohammed Aree Ali
Published: August 2023

Due to the rapid increase of the population in the world, traffic signal controlling and monitoring has become an important issue to be solved with regard to the direct relation between the number of populations and the cars’ usage. In this regard, an intelligent traffic signaling with a rapid urbanization is required to prevent the traffic congestions, cost reduction, minimization in travel time, and CO2 emissions to atmosphere. This paper provides a comprehensive review of computer vision techniques for autonomic traffic control and monitoring. Moreover, recent published articles in four related topics including density estimation investigation, traffic sign detection and recognition, accident detection, and emergency vehicle detection are investigated. The conducted survey shows that there is no fair comparison and performance evaluation due to the large number of involved parameters in the abovementioned four topics which can control the traffic signal controlling system such as (computation time, dataset availability, and an accuracy).
Identifying the Most Effective Recruitment Strategy Using Financial Reimbursements for a Web-Based Peer Network Study With Young People Aged 16-18 Years: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Raggatt Michelle , Wright Cassandra J C , Sacks-Davis Rachel , Dietze Paul M , Hellard Margaret E , Hocking Jane S , Lim Megan S C
Published: August 2023

Background

Peers are an important determinant of health and well-being during late adolescence; however, there is limited quantitative research examining peer influence. Previous peer network research with adolescents faced methodological limitations and difficulties recruiting young people.

Objective

This study aims to determine whether a web-based peer network survey is effective at recruiting adolescent peer networks by comparing 2 strategies for reimbursement.

Methods

This study will use a 2-group randomized trial design to test the effectiveness of reimbursements for peer referral in a web-based cross-sectional peer network survey. Young people aged 16-18 years recruited through Instagram, Snapchat, and a survey panel will be randomized to receive either scaled group reimbursement (the experimental group) or fixed individual reimbursement (the control group). All participants will receive a reimbursement of Aus $5 (US $3.70) for their own survey completion. In the experimental group (scaled group reimbursement), all participants within a peer network will receive an additional Aus $5 (US $3.70) voucher for each referred participant who completes the study, up to a maximum total value of Aus $30 (US $22.20) per participant. In the control group (fixed individual reimbursement), participants will only be reimbursed for their own survey completion. Participants’ peer networks are assessed during the survey by asking about their close friends. A unique survey link will be generated to share with the participant’s nominated friends for the recruitment of secondary participants. Outcomes are the proportion of a participant’s peer network and the number of referred peers who complete the survey. The required sample size is 306 primary participants. Using a multilevel logistic regression model, we will assess the effect of the reimbursement intervention on the proportion of primary participants’ close friends who complete the survey. The secondary aim is to determine participant characteristics that are associated with successfully recruiting close friends. Young people aged 16-18 years were involved in the development of the study design through focus groups and interviews (n=26).

Results

Participant recruitment commenced in 2022.

Conclusions

A longitudinal web-based social network study could provide important data on how social networks and their influence change over time. This trial aims to determine whether scaled group reimbursement can increase the number of peers referred. The outcomes of this trial will improve the recruitment of young people to web-based network studies of sensitive health issues.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/44813
The Baseline/Elaboration Model for the Constructional Meaning of Chinese “V1OV2de” Construction
Authors: Xin Zhang
Published: August 2023

Chinese “V1OV2de” construction has its special syntactic features. The traditional grammar of formal linguistics finds it difficult to analyse this atypical and marginal construction, but the theory of baseline/elaboration in Cognitive Grammar can provide a solution for it. The paper studies the constructional meaning of “V1OV2de” construction based on the theory of baseline/elaboration model. It draws a conclusion that “V1OV2de” construction has two constructional meanings: “cause-effect relationship” and “non-cause-effect relationship”. In addition, it also discusses the reasons why the verb appears for the second time in “V1OV2de” construction. The constructional meanings of “V1OV2de” construction are generated because of the two same verbs.
La clasificación social del electorado: las elecciones de junio de 2021 en la Ciudad de México
Authors: Arteaga Botello Nelson
Published: August 2023

Se analiza la competencia por el control del sentido del comportamiento electoral en junio de 2021 en la ciudad de México. A través de la sociología cultural se explora, en las columnas políticas de cinco periódicos, cómo dicha competencia expresa las estructuras culturales profundas que califican o descalifican como civilmente puro o impuro al electorado en función de su comportamiento en las urnas. Se muestra cómo el presidente Andrés Manuel López Obrador calificó como civilmente puro a sus electores del oriente de la ciudad porque su pobreza y compromiso político los inmunizó del bombardeo mediático contra su gobierno; mientras los electores de la zona poniente fueron considerados impuros porque fueron manipulados por medios de comunicación conservadores. Los críticos a López Obrador acusaron que el voto opositor fue la expresión de un electorado autónomo cansado del discurso polarizador del presidente. No se explora la competencia en la radio, televisión y redes sociales. El trabajo es relevante porque analiza cómo se construyeron dos horizontes narrativos del sentido del comportamiento electoral: uno de carácter horizontal, que opuso al oriente vis-à-vis al poniente de la ciudad o clases populares vis-à-vis clases medias, y otro horizonte narrativo vertical, que opuso clases medias vis-à-vis el presidente.
Recepción y asimilación de un sistema de creencias: el caso de la 4T en México
Authors: Moreno Álvarez Alejandro , Salgado Meade María
Published: August 2023

Desde 2018, cuando fue electo a la presidencia, Andrés Manuel López Obrador y su gobierno han difundido un sistema de creencias entre la sociedad mexicana que refleja los principios de su movimiento político y articula los contenidos de la llamada Cuarta Transformación, también conocida como 4T. Con esos principios se ha buscado destacar una cosmovisión distinta a lo que el presidente se ha referido como el modelo neoliberal o conservador que, en su narrativa, rigió en México en las tres décadas y media previas a la llegada de Morena al gobierno. Las conferencias matutinas del mandatario han jugado un papel central y predominante en la definición y difusión del sistema de creencias obradorista. En este artículo analizamos el alcance y posible impacto que eso ha tenido en la opinión pública mexicana. Entre los hallazgos principales documentamos una notable varianza en la recepción y asimilación de mensajes de la 4T, mostrando que estos han permeado con mucha mayor claridad entre los simpatizantes del partido gobernante y entre los públicos afines al presidente y su movimiento, reflejando fenómenos de atención y asimilación selectivas. Dado que la narrativa del obradorismo suele etiquetarse dentro de la actual retórica populista en el mundo, también discutimos ese aspecto a la luz de nuestros resultados.
Entre el pueblo bueno y la élite corrupta. Narrativa populista y polarización afectiva en las redes sociales en México
Authors: Sarsfield Rodolfo
Published: August 2023

Según la definición ideacional del populismo, una narrativa es populista si se caracteriza por una cosmología maniquea que divide a la comunidad política entre un pueblo, concebido como una entidad homogéneamente virtuosa, y una élite, pensada como una entidad homogéneamente corrupta (Hawkins y Rovira Kaltwasser, 2019; Mudde, 2004). A partir de esta definición, el presidente de México, Andrés Manuel López Obrador (AMLO) parece haber exhibido una narrativa populista. Partiendo de aquella conceptualización y centrándose en un estudio de caso, este trabajo indaga sobre si tal narrativa produce polarización y, especialmente, cuál de aquellos dos atributos ejerce un mayor efecto causal sobre las actitudes polarizadas entre los ciudadanos, proponiendo la hipótesis de que los mensajes invocando a una élite corrupta son más propensos a generar polarización afectiva que los mensajes aludiendo a un pueblo bueno. Para poner a prueba esta hipótesis, este artículo realiza análisis textual tanto de los posteos de AMLO en Facebook como de los comentarios de los seguidores a tales publicaciones. Los resultados muestran que los comentarios a los posteos de López Obrador son significativamente más polarizados cuando sus publicaciones exhiben un mensaje negativo sobre la “élite” que cuando muestran un mensaje con una mención positiva al “pueblo”. Las alusiones a una “élite corrupta” parecen desencadenar una gran polarización afectiva en las redes sociales.
Diagnostic Agreement of SARS-CoV-2 Lateral Flow Antigen Assay with the Cycle Threshold Values of RT-PCR
Authors: Murthy Neetha S. , Sumana M.N. , Tejashree A. , Chitharagi Vidyavathi B. , Mahale Rashmi P. , Rao Murubagal Raghavendra , Sowmya G.S. , Gowda Ranjitha Shankare , Deepashree R. , Sujatha S.R.
Published: August 2023

COVID-19 detection via lateral flow antigen assays (LFA) are rapid and economically acquiescent to infrastructure facile healthcare settings. Early, prompt identification of cases to facilitate patient isolation and supportive management is the essence of rapid diagnostic tests. Given the backdrop of post COVID-19 pandemic-molecular testing still remains a costly affair. Additionally, molecular assays are incapable of distinguishing remnant RNA from replication competent viruses. In this scenario, we explore the diagnostic consonance of SARS-CoV-2 LFAs with RT-PCR cycle threshold, in a likelihood that it could be used as a surrogate marker for infection transmissibility. Rapid COVID-19 LFA results were compared with Real-time PCR for detection of SARS-CoV-2 in nasopharyngeal swabs. Two hundred rapid antigen positive nasopharyngeal swabs obtained from COVID-19 suspects/contacts/preoperative/screening patients were subjected to RT-PCR to study the correlation with cycle threshold (CT) values obtained for all the antigen positive cases. 200 Rapid COVID-19 LFA positive samples were analyzed in the present study. Amidst the LFA positive samples included in the study 187 (93.5%) were found to have concordant results when subjected to the gold standard Real-time PCR. Discordant results were documented in 13 (6.5%) COVID-19 LFA positive samples which were found to be negative by RT-PCR. The average Cycle threshold values were found to be 23.75 for E gene, 25.36 for N gene and 24.07 for RdRp gene. The average PCR Cycle threshold of LFA positive cases remained significantly undeterred (p<0.5) throughout the time period of the study stipulating the undaunted viral load across the different waves of the pandemic. Maximum association of LFA positivity with symptom-manifestation was seen during the 1st wave of COVID-19 (September-December 2020 in India). The association of symptoms with LFA test positivity reduced to a significant extent during the 3rd wave of the pandemic in January 2022 (p<0.5) indicating the reduced clinical severity but not infectivity of the SARS-CoV-2 infection during the 3rd wave of the pandemic. Lateral flow assay based diagnostic tests are technically & economically convenient modalities with significant interest concordance in comparison with RT-PCR. Definitive advantage in terms of achieving quick patient triage and thereby patient management can be achieved with the use of these tests.
Enhancing the Effective Performance of Critical Equipment’s In Sugar Industry
Authors: Khot Sandeep Nivas , Patil Dr. Prashant Jaysing
Published: August 2023

Abstract: The sugar industry has undergone significant changes in the past decade, with increased competition, rising costs and greater equipment complexity, while budgets, cane crushing days, operating margins, and maintenance staff have decreased. Any unexpected breakdowns of plant machineries can have a major effect on the availability and productivity of the whole plant. As a process industry, any failure in critical equipment can result in extended downtime, which directly affects the revenue generation of the entire plant. In this context, the maintenance department needs to demonstrate a positive impact on the sugar factories bottom line and necessitating the development or implementation of quality maintenance systems. A comprehensive condition-based maintenance program should incorporate a variety of technologies. While vibration monitoring is typically a key component of most condition-based maintenance programs, other monitoring and diagnostic techniques should also be included to provide a comprehensive approach in avoiding the unplanned sugar plant stoppages during crushing season.
Combating Dark Web Terrorism: Strategies for Disruption and Prevention
Authors: Mandela Ngaira , Mbinda Tumaini , Etyang Felix
Published: August 2023

Abstract: Dark web platforms have emerged as a significant concern in the context of global security, with the potential to facilitate and amplify terrorism activities. This paper presents an analysis of the evolving landscape of dark web terrorism and proposes strategies for combating this emerging threat. The study begins by examining the characteristics and functionalities of the dark web that make it attractive to terrorist organizations, including anonymity, encrypted communications, and illicit marketplaces. It further explores the methods employed by terrorists to exploit the dark web for recruitment, propaganda dissemination, and coordination of attacks. To counteract this growing menace, a comprehensive framework for combating dark web terrorism is introduced. The proposed strategies encompass various dimensions, such as technological advancements, international collaboration, legislative measures, and law enforcement efforts. Technological approaches focus on enhancing digital surveillance capabilities, developing advanced data analytics tools, and improving cybersecurity measures to disrupt terrorist networks operating in the dark web. International cooperation is emphasized to foster information sharing, intelligence coordination, and joint operations among nations to counter the cross-border nature of dark web terrorism. By implementing these multifaceted strategies, governments, law enforcement agencies, and technology providers can collectively mitigate the threats posed by dark web terrorism
THE USE OF ARTICULATION LEARNING MODELS IN PAI SUBJECTS AT SMPN 1 PONTANG, BANTEN
Authors: Wasehudin Wasehudin , Anshori Irfan , Marzuki Marzuki
Published: August 2023

This study aims to determine the application of the articulation learning model at SMP Negeri 1 Pontang, especially in the subject of Islamic Religious Education. The method used is a qualitative method using SWOT analysis. The approach in this study is presented descriptively. This research was conducted at SMP Negeri 1 Pontang, Pontang District, Serang Regency, Banten Province. This research explains in detail the flow of articulation learning and also presents about Strenght, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats. The results of this study show that the articulation learning model on the strength aspect can train students' absorption and train students' readiness. On the aspect of weakness, this learning model can only be used by certain subjects. The opportunity aspect of this learning model, students are trained in speaking, can speak loudly and clearly. Meanwhile, on the threat aspect, this learning model can not be completed if a teacher is not able to manage learning time, because the articulation learning model requires a lot of time. With the implementation of the articulation learning model in PAI subjects, there are no longer students who think that PAI subjects are boring subjects.
THE ROLE OF THE SCHOOL HEAD IN THE SELF-DEVELOPMENT OF STUDENTS THROUGH EXTRACULAR ACTIVITIES (CASE STUDY MIN 1 BENER MERIAH)
Authors: Mirela Tiarani , Na'imah Na'imah , Lailatussaadah Lailatussaadah
Published: August 2023

The purpose of this study was to describe why the role of the principal in self-development of students through extracurricular activities at MIN 1 Bener Meriah, and to describe the role of  the principal in self-development of students through extracurricular activities at MIN 1 Bener Meriah. This study is a qualitative type using observational, interviews and documentation, data analysis using triangulation theory. Based on the results of the research: the role of the principal is very important in the self-development of students at MIN 1 Bener Meriah. Among these roles are (1) educator: teaching with teacher intermediaries, (2) manager: managing with POAC even though the field is narrow, (3) administrators: take care of correspondence and funding for extracurricular activities, (4) supervise extracurricular activities through joint meetings and direct involvement, (5) leaders: mobilize involved teachers and students in extracurricular activities, (6) innovator: Principals make reforms such as creative guel dance (7) motivator: the principal provides encouragement in the form of words and gifts for students who excel, including in extracurricular activities. So that the role of the principal is done well, it will also have a good impact on the development of students in the extracurricular program.
Retos y soluciones para SISPRO en Colombia
Authors: Toloza Pérez Yesith Guillermo
Published: August 2023

Quisiera contribuir a la discusión sobre la utilización de las bases de datos disponibles en el Sistema Integrado de Información de la Protección Social (Sispro), en el caso específico de las variables costo neto a pagar, referidas en el artículo “Sispro: la base de datos administrativa del sistema de salud colombiano” (1), en el cual los autores señalan que “el costo total de las atenciones en salud del quinquenio de 2017 a 2021 fue de 8.377 billones de pesos (lo que equivaldría a 271 millones de pesos por persona atendida), cifra que supera el PIB de Colombia que para 2021 fue de 314,3 billones según el DANE”. Esto se debe a que el flujo de información de dichas variables, es reportado por los prestadores de servicios de salud con información de los registros individuales de prestación de servicios de salud (RIPS). Asimismo, los autores destacan que la remisión de la información de RIPS no tiene restricciones o validación por parte de Sispro; dicha información no está definida en la Resolución 3374 del 2000, por tanto, los prestadores pueden reportar sus atenciones en cualquier periodo, sin controlar valores máximos o mínimos, lo que puede ocasionar una supra o infravaloración del costo real,  por lo cual esta medida pierde validez.
Los RIPS proporcionan los datos mínimos y básicos necesarios para hacer seguimiento al Sistema de Prestaciones de Salud en el Sistema General de Seguridad Social en Salud (SGSSS), específicamente en relación con el paquete obligatorio de servicios (POS y POSS). Además, el objetivo del registro es facilitar las relaciones comerciales entre las entidades administradoras (pagadores) y las instituciones y los profesionales independientes (prestadores), mediante la presentación del detalle de la factura de venta de servicios en formato digital, con una estructura estándar que simplifica la comunicación y los procesos de transferencia y revisión de datos, con independencia del software utilizado por los prestadores.
A case of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children associated with coronavirus disease 2019, presenting as unremitting fever, vomiting, and rash
Authors: Koh Chan-Young
Published: August 2023

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children, a hyper inflammation syndrome induced by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, may show a fatal progression. Thus, it is important to recognize its symptoms, and provide appropriate treatment at an early stage. We report a 7-year-old boy who presented with unremitted fever, vomiting, and whole-body polymorphic rash. Laboratory findings showed lymphopenia, and elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, d-dimer, ferritin, and triglyceride. The boy had negative findings of viruses-related to respiratory disease and meningitis, and positivity for immunoglobulin G against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. He was diagnosed as multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children, and received supportive care, intravenous immunoglobulin, and steroid. He was discharged without complication on day 12.
Predator-induced shape plasticity in D. pulex
Authors: Paplauskas Sam , Morton Oscar , Hunt Mollie , Courage Ashleigh , Swanney Stephanie , Dennis Stu , Becker Dörthe , Auld Stuart , Beckerman Andrew
Published: August 2023

All animals and plants respond to changes in the environment during
their life cycle. This flexibility is known as phenotypic plasticity and
allows organisms to cope with variable environments. A common source of
environmental variation is predation risk, which describes the
likelihood of being attacked and killed by a predator. Some species can
respond to the level of predation risk by producing morphological
defences against predation. A classic example is the production of
pedestals and head spikes in the water flea, Daphnia pulex, which defend
against predation from Chaoborus midge larvae. Previous studies of these
defences have focussed on changes in pedestal size and the number of
spikes along a gradient of predation risk. Although these studies have
provided a model for continuous plasticity, they do not capture the
whole-organism shape response to predation risk. In contrast, studies in
fish and amphibians focus on shape as a complex, multi-faceted trait
made up of different variables. In this study, we analyse how multiple
aspects of shape change in D. pulex along a gradient of predation risk
from C. flavicans. These changes are dominated by the inducible
morphological defence, but there are also changes in the size and shape
of the head and the body. We detected change in specific modules of the
body plan and a level of integration among modules. These results are
indicative of a complex, multi-faceted response to predation and provide
insight into how predation risk drives variation in shape and size at
the level of the whole organism.
The Effects of transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on the Iowa Gambling Task: A Scoping Review
Authors: Salice Silvia , Antonietti Alessandro , Colautti Laura
Published: August 2023

Among the tasks to investigate decisional processes, the Iowa Gambling
Task (IGT) appears to be the most effective since it offers the
opportunity to deepen the progressive learning process based on
feedbacks derived by previous choices. Recently, the study of decision
making through the IGT has been combined with the application of the
transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to further deepen the
cognitive mechanisms and the neural structures involved. This scoping
review wants to provide a comprehensive exploration of the effects of
tDCS in modulating decisional processes assessed through the IGT,
offering an analysis of the state of literature. Results highlighted a
pivotal role of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and the orbitofrontal
cortex in risky and ambiguous decisions. Overall, tDCS improved
decisional processes in healthy subjects and patients, confirming its
potential in enhancing decision making in everyday contexts. Suggestions
for further studies are provided to delve into decisional mechanisms and
how to better support them.
Comprehensive Analysis of Event-Related Potentials of Response Inhibition: The Role of Urgency and Compulsivity
Authors: Wuellhorst Verena , Dieterich Raoul , Overmeyer Rebecca , Endrass Tanja
Published: August 2023

Behavioral and neural correlates of response inhibition are assumed to
manifest in self-reported impulsivity and compulsivity, but findings are
inconsistent. Existing studies often examined only isolated components
of the complex underlying neural process and used sumscores of
impulsivity and compulsivity. Yet, there is evidence suggesting that
alterations in response inhibition may be linked to specific subfacets
of the multidimensional constructs. Therefore, our aim was twofold: to
investigate behavioral and neural correlates of response inhibition in a
comprehensive way, and to examine whether these effects are associated
with urgency, compulsivity, or the interaction of both. We examined 233
participants who performed a stop-signal task while
electroencephalography (EEG) was recorded. The analysis involved
single-trial regression and latency analyses, exploring the
relationships with self-reported urgency and compulsivity. Stop-signal
reaction time (SSRT) was not related to urgency or compulsivity. SSRT
and urgency scores were negatively associated with an attenuated
successful inhibition-P3 effect. Crucially, whereas long SSRT was
associated with a reduced attention-P1 effect and a later onset and peak
of the P3, we observed the opposite pattern for higher urgency with
higher P1 related activity and an earlier onset and peak of the
successful inhibition-P3. Associations with compulsivity were not
observed. The absence of a direct association between urgency and SSRT
can possibly be clarified by considering early attentional processes
reflected in P1 and latency effects during response inhibition. Urgency
appears to be related to increased recruitment of early attention and a
faster action cancellation process that may compensate the reduced P3
related activity.
An advanced approach to velocity sampling in actuator line models
Authors: Muscari Claudia , Schito Paolo , Vire Axelle , Zasso Alberto , Wingerden Jan-Willem van
Published: August 2023

High-fidelity numerical simulations of wind turbines are often performed
through a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model in which the wind
turbine is parametrized using an actuator line model, as fully
blade-resolved simulations are computationally expensive at the large
Reynolds numbers involved. When applying such an actuator line approach
to the modeling of wind turbines, the two main issues to consider are
the free-stream velocity sampling and the choice of the regularization
kernel used to project the computed body forces onto the domain. In this
work, a novel velocity sampling method - the so-called effective
velocity model (EVM) - is implemented in the CFD software SOWFA and
assessed against pre-existing approaches. Results show superior method
robustness with respect to the regularization kernel width choice while
preserving acceptable accuracy.
Lung and colon cancer detection from CT images using Deep Learning
Authors: Akinyemi Joseph D. , Akinola Akinkunle A. , Adekunle Olajumoke O. , Adetiloye Taiwo O. , Dansu Emmanuel J.
Published: August 2023

Cancer is a deadly disease that has gained a reputation as a global health concern. Further, lung cancer has been widely reported as the most deadly cancer type globally, while colon cancer comes second. Meanwhile, early detection is one of the primary ways to prevent lung and colon cancer fatalities. To aid the early detection of lung and colon cancer, we propose a computer-aided diagnostic approach that employs a Deep Learning (DL) architecture to enhance the detection of these cancer types from Computed Tomography (CT) images of suspected body parts. Our experimental dataset (LC25000) contains 25000 CT images of benign and malignant lung and colon cancer tissues. We used weights from a pre-trained DL architecture for computer vision, EfficientNet, to build and train a lung and colon cancer detection model. EfficientNet is a Convolutional Neural Network architecture that scales all input dimensions such as depth, width, and resolution at the same time. Our research findings showed detection accuracies of 99.63%, 99.50%, and 99.72% for training, validation, and test sets, respectively.
Sentiment Analysis on COVID-19 Vaccine using Naive Bayes Classifier, Support Vector Machine and K-Nearest Neighbors
Authors: Rani Monika , Prawira Dian , Mutiah Nurul
Published: August 2023

Procurement of the COVID-19 vaccination has led to diverse opinions among Indonesian people on Twitter. Sentiment analysis on Twitter can be carried out to find out public opinion, especially among Twitter users. The data was used in the form of tweets with the topic of the COVID-19 vaccine using the keywords covid 19 vaccine, covid vaccine, AstraZeneca, Sinovac, Moderna, Pfizer, Novavax and Sinopharm. analysis of the performance of the Naive Bayes Classifier, Support Vector Machine and K-Nearest Neighbors algorithms to determine the results of the accuracy level between the algorithms. The highest classification test is using the Support Vector Machine with an accuracy rate of 0.701. The results of the comparison of algorithms tested using tweet data on the topic of the COVID-19 vaccine found that the Support Vector Machine was better than the Naive Bayes Classifier and K-Nearest Neighbors. From the classification test carried out using COVID-19 vaccine tweet data with 2500 data. The amount of data after going through the data processing process is 1052 data. Neutral sentiment results in as many as 645 positive sentiments as many as 250 and negative sentiments as many as 157.
Forecasting COVID-19 Cases in Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, and Vietnam Using ARIMA and LSTM
Authors: Paedah Marina Wahyuni , Gunawan Fergyanto E.
Published: August 2023

COVID-19 has severely impacted the global economy, including ASEAN countries. Various plans and strategies are still needed during the pandemic-to-epidemic transition period to minimize the risk of COVID-19 transmission. The research focuses on the total number of confirmed cases of COVID-19 in Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, and Vietnam, which are among the ASEAN countries with the highest number of cases in Southeast Asia. Those countries have cultural similarities, where gathering with friends and family is an important part of social life. This research evaluates the ability of ARIMA and LSTM to predict COVID-19 cases in each country, using daily data from January 23, 2020 to October 22, 2022. Datasets published by Johns Hopkins University (JHU) and Our World in Data (OWID) are used, which are accessible through Github. Compared to ARIMA with  R2 of 0,8883 for Indonesia, 0,8353 for Malaysia, 0.97291 for the Philippines, and -3.105 for Vietnam, LSTM model can predict better in the four sampled ASEAN countries, with an R2 of 0.9996 for Indonesia, 0.9707 for Malaysia, 0.97291 for the Philippines, and 0.9200 for Vietnam.
Recommendations for the Best Contract Labor Handling Staff Using the Complex Proportional Assessment Method
Authors: Widarma Adi , Suryadijaya Dharyana , Lubis Bagus Rizki , Murni Ira
Published: August 2023

Staff or commonly referred to as employees are an important part of a company/institution, especially those who have the quality and enthusiasm to maintain the progress of the agency. The purpose of this research is to find out decision making or problem solving in determining the best contract staff recommendations at SERGAI DISPORAPARBUD so that later these staff can be more motivated in their performance. To conduct this research, observational research methods, interviews and literature studies were carried out and the calculation process was carried out using the COPRAS method. In addition to determining the best contract labor recommendations, several criteria must be met by each alternative, namely discipline, honesty, communication, cooperation, and responsibility. The results of this study indicate that 10 alternatives get the top ranking, one of which is a staff named Jaliya SE with a utility value of 100 getting the first rank in the recommendation to become the best contract worker at DISPORAPARBUD SERGAI.
Comparative Analysis of CPU Performance on FreeBSD 64-bit and RedHat 64-bit Operating System Against Denial of Service (DoS) Using Hping3
Authors: Tampati Ihsan Fadli , Setyawan Faizal Gani , Sejati Wiyar Wilujengning , Kardian Aqwam Rosadi
Published: August 2023

Denial of Services (Dos) attack is a type of attack against server traffic. DoS works by placing a heavy load on the server, so that the server cannot accommodate connections from other users and can cause system failure on the server. On the other hand, Denial of Services (DoS) attacks can be used to test server resilience. The servers to be tested are using RedHat Linux and FreeBSD operating systems. Testing is carried out by flooding the system with DoS attacks using the hping3 tool, then comparing the test results in the form of percentages of CPU consumption and memory consumption between operating systems to determine vulnerabilities in each operating system. Based on a comparison of test results between operating systems, the FreeBSD operating system has better CPU performance than the RedHat Linux operating system, but has a vulnerability in internal memory to DoS attacks. Meanwhile, the RedHat Linux operating system has better internal memory performance than the FreeBSD operating system, but has a vulnerability in CPU performance against DoS attacks.
Decision Support System for Determining Employee Movements Using the COPRAS Method
Authors: Irawan Muhammad Dedi , Situmorang Harold , Sitanggang Rianto , Sawitri Diah
Published: August 2023

Employee mutation is one aspect that greatly affects the performance of employees in a company. However, employee mutations at PT. PLN (Persero) UPDL Tuntungan is still done manually, so determining the employees to be transferred takes quite a long time and the results are not optimal. The research aims to facilitate PT. PLN (Persero) UPDL Benefits in determining employee mutations in order to obtain maximum results. The stages of the research were carried out by collecting data by means of interviews then the data was inputted into the system to be calculated using the COPRAS method which was then stored into the database so that it would produce decisions with the final result ranking by the system by sorting the smallest to the largest values. The results of this study are based on the COPRAS method, namely the alternative of Ahmad Fauzy Hamdani Rahmat being the first alternative with a value of 100%. This is because Ahmad Fauzy Hamdani Rahmat's alternative meets almost all criteria ranging from age, years of service, education, position and status.
Fever Classification Using the Neighbor Weighted K-Nearest Neighbor Method
Authors: Milania Surayya Safira , Suhery Cucu , Rismawan Tedy
Published: August 2023

Demam merupakan gejala atau reaksi tubuh terhadap suatu infeksi atau penyakit. Demam dapat disebabkan karena adanya infeksi virus, bakteri, dan parasit. Serta demam akibat gigitan nyamuk. Beberapa penyakit penyebab demam yang perlu diwaspadai antara lain Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD), Demam Tifoid, dan Malaria dikarenakan gejala klinis dari ketiga penyakit tersebut sangat mirip dan sulit untuk dibedakan. Akibat dari gejala yang mirip, seringkali menyebabkan kesulitan dalam mendapatkan diagnosis awal sehingga kurang tepat dalam penanganan. Oleh karena itu, pada penelitian ini dibangun sebuah sistem yang dapat mengklasifikasikan demam menggunakan metode Neighbor Weighted K-Nearest Neighbor. Data yang digunakan berjumlah 300 data dengan komposisi rasio data latih dan data uji sebesar 70%:30% sehingga data latih yang digunakan berjumlah 210 data dan data uji berjumlah 90 data. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan mengamati variasi nilai ketetanggaan (K) dan nilai exp (E) terhadap akurasi sistem klasifikasi demam. Hasil pelatihan menunjukkan bahwa nilai K dan E yang bervariasi tidak mempunyai pengaruh terhadap akurasi tersebut. Hasil pengujian yang dilakukan mendapatkan akurasi sebesar 100% pada setiap variasi nilai K dan E.Fever is a symptom of the body's reaction to an infection or disease. Fever can be caused by viral, bacterial, or parasitic infections. as well as fever due to mosquito bites. Several diseases that cause fever that need to be watched out for include dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF), typhoid fever, and malaria because the clinical symptoms of these three diseases are very similar and difficult to distinguish. As a result of similar symptoms, it often causes difficulties in getting an early diagnosis, so treatment is not appropriate. Therefore, in this study, a system was developed that could classify fever using the neighbor weighted K-nearest neighbor method. The data used totaled 300, with a composition ratio of 70% training data to 30% test data, for a total of 210 training data and 90 test data. This research was conducted by observing the variation in the value of neighborliness (K) and the value of exp (E) on the accuracy of the fever classification system. The results of the training show that the varying K and E values have no effect on accuracy. The results of the tests carried out obtained an accuracy of 100% for each variation in the values of K and E.