bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The CM SAF ATOVS data record: overview of methodology and evaluation of total column water and profiles of tropospheric humidity
Authors: Courcoux N. , Schröder M.
Published: December 2015

Abstract. Recently, the reprocessed Advanced Television Infrared Observation Satellite (TIROS)-N Operational Vertical Sounder (ATOVS) tropospheric water vapour and temperature data record was released by the EUMETSAT Satellite Application Facility on Climate Monitoring (CM~SAF). ATOVS observations from infrared and microwave sounders onboard the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Agency (NOAA)-15–19 satellites and EUMETSAT's Meteorological Operational (Metop-A) satellite have been consistently reprocessed to generate 13 years (1999–2011) of global water vapour and temperature daily and monthly means with a spatial resolution of 90 km × 90 km. The data set is referenced under the following digital object identifier (DOI): doi:10.5676/EUM_SAF_CM/WVT_ATOVS/V001. After preprocessing, a maximum likelihood solution scheme was applied to the observations to simultaneously infer temperature and water vapour profiles. In a post-processing step, an objective interpolation method (Kriging) was applied to allow for gap filling. The product suite includes total precipitable water vapour (TPW), layer-integrated precipitable water vapour (LPW) and layer mean temperature for five tropospheric layers between the surface and 200 hPa, as well as specific humidity and temperature at six tropospheric levels between 1000 and 200 hPa. To our knowledge, this is the first time that the ATOVS record (1998–now) has been consistently reprocessed (1999–2011) to retrieve water vapour. TPW and LPW products were compared to corresponding products from the Global Climate Observing System (GCOS) Upper-Air Network (GUAN) radiosonde observations and from the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) version 5 satellite data record. TPW shows a good agreement with the GUAN radiosonde data: average bias and root mean square error (RMSE) are −0.2 and 3.3 kg m−2, respectively. For LPW, the maximum absolute (relative) bias and RMSE values decrease (increase) strongly with height. The maximum bias and RMSE are found at the lowest layer and are −0.7 and 2.5 kg m−2, respectively. While the RMSE relative to AIRS is generally smaller, the TPW bias relative to AIRS is larger, with dominant contributions from precipitating areas. The consistently reprocessed ATOVS data record exhibits improved quality and stability relative to the operational CM SAF products when compared to the TPW from GUAN radiosonde data over the period 2004–2011. Finally, it became evident that the change in the number of satellites used for the retrieval combined with the use of the Kriging leads to breakpoints in the ATOVS data record; therefore, a variability analysis of the data record is not recommended for the time period from January 1999 to January 2001.
A factorial snowpack model (FSM 1.0)
Authors: Essery R.
Published: December 2015

Abstract. A model for the coupled mass and energy balances of snow on the ground requires representations of absorption of solar radiation by snow, heat conduction in snow, compaction of snow, transfer of heat to snow from the air and retention and refreezing of meltwater in snow. Many such models exist, but it has proven hard to relate their relative performances to the complexity of their process representations. This paper describes the systematic development of an open-source snowpack model with two levels of representation for each of the five processes mentioned above, allowing factorial experimental designs with 32 different model configurations. The model is demonstrated using driving and evaluation data recorded over one winter at an alpine site.
Oblique collision and deformation partitioning in the SW Iberian Variscides
Authors: Pérez-Cáceres I. , Simancas J. F. , Martínez Poyatos D. , Azor A. , González Lodeiro F.
Published: December 2015

Abstract. Different transpressional scenarios have been proposed to relate kinematics and complex deformation patterns. We apply the most suitable of them to the Variscan orogeny in SW Iberia, which is characterized by a number of successive left-lateral transpressional structures developed at Devonian to Carboniferous times. These structures resulted from the oblique convergence between three continental terranes (Central Iberian Zone, Ossa-Morena Zone and South Portuguese Zone), whose amalgamation gave way to both intense shearing at the suture-like contacts and transpressional deformation of the continental pieces in-between, thus showing strain partitioning in space and time. We have quantified the kinematics of the collisional convergence by using the available data on folding, shearing and faulting patterns, as well as tectonic fabrics and finite strain measurements. Given the uncertainties regarding the data and the boundary conditions modeled, our results must be considered as a semi-quantitative approximation to the issue, though very significant from a regional point of view. The total collisional convergence surpasses 1000 km, most of them corresponding to left-lateral displacement parallel to terrane boundaries. The average vector of convergence is oriented E–W (present-day coordinates), thus reasserting the left-lateral oblique collision in SW Iberia, in contrast with the dextral component that prevailed elsewhere in the Variscan orogen. This particular kinematics of SW Iberia is understood in the context of an Avalonian plate promontory currently represented by the South Portuguese Zone.
EFFECT OF ELASTOMER NANOPARTICLES ON IMPROVING THE WET SKID RESISTANCE OF SBR/NR COMPOSITES
Authors: Wang Qingguo , Liu Jingrui , Cui Quande , Xiao Xiao
Published: December 2015

How to improve the wet skid resistance of rubber composites for tire tread while decreasing the rolling resistance is very important for both rubber researchers and industry. The irradiation-vulcanized elastomer particles, ultrafine fully-vulcanized powder nitrile butadiene rubber (UFPNBR), having the diameter of about 80 nm, were studied on modifying the dynamic mechanical properties of styrene butadiene rubber/natural rubber (SBR/NR) composites for tire tread. It is notable that the UFPNBR particles can improve the tanδ values of SBR/NR composites in a temperature range from −10 to 20 °C and decrease the tanδ values in the temperature range from 50 to 70 °C simultaneously, which indicates that the UFPNBR particles not only can improve the wet skid resistance but also can reduce the rolling resistance of the SBR/NR composites. On the other hand, the UFPNBR-modified SBR/NR composites also have good dynamic properties for safety operation of tires at high temperature and good tensile strength, tear strength, and fatigue properties in the range of 8 phr UFPNBR loadings.
Algorithmic Case Pedagogy, Learning and Gender
Authors: Bromley Robert , Huang Zhenyu
Published: December 2015

Great investment has been made in developing algorithmically-based cases within online homework management systems. This has been done because publishers are convinced that textbook adoption decisions are influenced by the incorporation of these systems within their products. These algorithmic assignments are thought to promote learning while discouraging the practice of shirking student responsibility via the sharing of a common correct answer. Our paper describes the first testing of this method’s effectiveness. The results indicate marked differences of the case’s effects on male and female students. Significant improvements in learning were found for male students but not for female students.
Cultivating Differences: Genoese Trade Identity in the Constantinople of Sultan Mehmed II, 1453–81
Authors: Dauverd Céline
Published: December 2015

The Fall of Constantinople in 1453 marks a historical turning point in Mediterranean history and for many scholars the end of commercial relations between East and West. The Genoese community, however, asserted itself as an economic go-between. The Genoese thrived in a Muslim environment even, and perhaps especially, during times of war. Their economic success was due to their willingness to acculturate while attempting to maintain strong cultural ties with their identity. Examining various strategies, such as their immersion into the urban topography, their treatment in migration policies, and their negotiation of commercial privileges, this article concludes that the Genoese insertion into the Ottoman economy was a product not merely of their economic dexterity but of their cultural aptitude for innovation.
Mortalidad hospitalaria y años de vida potencialmente perdidos en el Hospital San Felipe, año 2014
Authors: Romero-A María Guadalupe , Garay-R Ingrid Carolina
Published: December 2015

Honduras es un país de ingreso medio que se encuentra en el proceso de transición epidemiológica y una de las formas de constatarlo es a través de los datos de mortalidad hospitalaria basados en el registro de las causas de muerte en los certificados de defunción. Una de las metodologías de medición de la mortalidad hospitalaria es a través de los años de vida potencialmente perdidos propuesto desde 1978 como indicador de salud del estado de una población este indicador cuantifica las muertes prematuras y puede ser utilizado para determinar las prioridades en salud pública. El estudio es retros­pectivo, transversal realizado en el Hospital San Felipe de la ciudad de Tegucigalpa, Honduras, centro nacional de referencia y centro nacional de cáncer del país, cuyos datos demuestran que a partir de la causa básica de muerte. El sexo femenino es el que cuantifica el mayor número de años de vida potencialmente perdidos ocasionados por tumores, las septicemias, las afecciones perinatales y las enfermedades del sistema circulatorio. En el caso de los hombres, la cuantificación de los años de vida potencialmente perdidos están relacionados con la diabetes no insulinodependientes, las enfermedades del sistema respiratorio y del aparato digestivo.Revista Población y Desarrollo: Argonautas y Caminantes, Vol. 11, 2015: 39-47
Relaciones de desigualdad de la mujer en Honduras
Authors: Macías Miguel Alonzo
Published: December 2015

Cuando se habla de desigualdad social, sobran las miradas y perspectivas desde las cuáles se puede abordar el tema. Este artículo hace una aproximación al tema, desde dos perspectivas: a) Desde las condiciones de desigualdad a la que se enfrenta la mujer en términos de acceso a medios de vida, y b) En términos formales, en lo relativo al nivel político y jurídico, que en cierto modo, no es más que la resonancia de las raíces androcéntricas sobre las que se constituye el Estado, desde y para los hombres. Para evitar caer en falsas concepciones, el artículo brinda un sucinto encuadre, sobre los elementos que están a la base de la desigualdad social en la que la mujer se constituye en una de las principales víctimas dentro del sistema patriarcal. El planteamiento de autoras como Rita Segato y Alda Facio contribuye a ese propósito.Revista Población y Desarrollo: Argonautas y Caminantes, Vol. 11, 2015: 77-82
Caracterización de Pacientes con Atresia Esofágica
Authors: Padilla Meza Luis Gerardo , Ríos Juan Craniotis , Guerra Juan José
Published: December 2015

Antecedentes: La atresia de esófago (AE) es la anomalía congénita del esófago más importante, tiene una incidencia mundial de 1:3500 nacidos vivos. A nivel mundial la mortalidad es de 10% pero en países cercanos como Costa Rica es del 16%.Objetivo: Identificar las características de los pacientes con AE atendidos en el Hospital Mario Catarino Rivas.Pacientes y métodos: Se realizó un estudio de tipo descriptivo, transversal en el Hospital Nacional Dr. Mario Catarino Rivas (HNMCR). Se obtuvo la información del expediente clínico. Se incluyeron en el estudio los 23 recién nacidos con diagnóstico de AE que se atendieron en el área de Emergencia de Pediatría y sala de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatales del período de enero del 2013 a agosto del 2014.Resultados: El 78% de los niños con AE fueron varones (n=18). El 70% (n=16) de las madres realizó adecuado control prenatal y el 35% (n=8) se realizó ultrasonido (USG). Se realizó el diagnóstico entre las 24-48 horas en el 57% de los pacientes (n=13). 74% (n=17) nacieron a término. El tipo de atresia más frecuente fue el tipo III en 15 niños (65%). Fallecieron 19 de los niños (82%).Conclusiones: En nuestro sistema de salud la tasa de supervivencia a una AE es baja, y el control prenatal no aporta relevancia para el diagnóstico de esta patología.Acta Pediátrica Hondureña, Vol. 5, No. 1 y 2 / Abril 2014 a Marzo 2015: 349-354
Tricuriasis: Causa de diarrea crónica y sangrado digestivo
Authors: Pineda Santos Misael Alonso , Jovel Banegas Luis Enrique
Published: December 2015

La tricuriasis es una enfermedad que se estima que afecta a 800 millones de personas y que su mayor prevalencia ocurre entre las personas de 5 a 15 años. La mayoría de las infecciones son asintomáticas, pero las infecciones masivas pueden causar síntomas gastrointestinales. Como los demás helmintos transmitidos por la tierra, el trichuris se distribuye globalmente en el trópico y sub trópico y es muy común en personas con nivel socioeconómico bajo.En Honduras, país en vías de desarrollo, se pueden observar casos en los que la tricuriasis puede llegar a dar sus complicaciones más graves, como ser sangrado digestivo, diarrea prolongada y prolapso rectal.Acta Pediátrica Hondureña, Vol. 5, No. 1 y 2 / Abril 2014 a Marzo 2015: 361-364
Leishmaniasis cutánea
Authors: Ponce Barahona Oscar Armando , Caballero Castro Héctor Rubén
Published: December 2015

La leishmaniasis es una enfermedad parasitaria causada por protozoarios intracelulares del género Leishmania. Es transmitida al humano mediante la picadura de flebótomos. Las leishmaniasis está clasificada en diferentes variantes clínicas: cutánea localizada o difusa, mucocutánea y visceral. Es una parasitosis común en Latinoamérica y sobre todo en los países en vías de desarrollo, donde el estilo de vida de la población aumenta el riesgo de enfermarse, al vivir en zonas de concentración parasitaria natural, con poco acceso a los servicios de salud. Por esa razón, esta afección constituye un serio problema de salud, cuyo conocimiento es de gran importancia para los médicos que se desempeñan en estas áreas dentro de países endémicos.Se presenta caso clínico de niño de siete meses de edad con úlcera no pruriginosa de forma circular de 5mm de diámetro en pómulo derecho, de cinco meses de evolución. El paciente es residente permanente de La Puerta, Merendón, San Pedro Sula, un área montañosa con abundante vegetación. Detectado en el Instituto Hondureño de Seguridad Social Regional del Norte en el cual el estudio histopatológico evidenció macrófagos con amastigotes de leishmania. Se administró tratamiento con glucantime por veinte días, citándole a la mitad del tratamiento y al concluirlo obteniendo resultados cicatriciales favorables, sin recidivas.Este es uno de muchos casos de leishmaniasis cutánea localizada en San Pedro Sula, con lo que se confirma el incremento en la propagación de este parásito protozoario en este municipio.Acta Pediátrica Hondureña, Vol. 5, No. 1 y 2 / Abril 2014 a Marzo 2015: 365-369
Just-In-Time Teaching Techniques through Web Technologies for Vocational Students’ Reading and Writing Abilities
Authors: Chantoem Rewadee , Rattanavich Saowalak
Published: December 2015

This research compares the English language achievements of vocational students, their reading and writing abilities, and their attitudes towards learning English taught with just-in-time teaching techniques through web technologies and conventional methods. The experimental and control groups were formed, a randomized true control group pre-test-post-test design was used, and the data were analyzed by t-tests for dependent and independent samples. The study’s results showed significant differences in English writing ability and attitudes toward learning English between both groups at a .01 confidence level, and in reading ability at a .05 confidence level.
Nutrient Uptake and Fruit Quality of Pummelo as Influenced by Ammonium, Potassium, Magnesium, Zinc Application
Authors: Nguyen Hien Huu , Maneepong Somsak , Suranilpong Potjamarn
Published: December 2015

Pummelo-growing soils in southern Thailand are usually low concentrations of potassium, calcium, magnesium and zinc; therefore, the roles of these elements are essential and their effects on nutrient uptake and fruit quality that should be considered in this area in current and future pummelo orchard. The study was carried out during 2013 to 2014 production year on a 17 year pummelo (Citrus maxima Merr.). The objective of the study was to examine the effects of ammonium (NH4), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg) and zinc (Zn) fertilization over the farmer practice on nutrient uptake and fruit quality. The experiment comprised of 5 treatments; apply all, not apply NH4, not apply K, not apply Mg and farmer practice. Application of fertilizer increased N, Ca and Mg concentrations in the leaves, but K and Zn concentrations in leaves decreased after application. However, their concentrations were in optimum ranges. High K/Ca, K/Mg mole ratios and low exchangeable Mg in soil positively affected on K uptake. Low Ca/Mg mole ratio and low exchangeable Ca in soil negatively affected on Ca uptake. The TSS and TSS/TA tended to decline when the treatments were not applied K-fertilizer. The fruit qualities were greater in the treatments with K/Ca, K/Mg and Ca/Mg mole ratios in soil were 0.23 to 0.27, 0.63 to 0.71 and 2.35 to 3.08, respectively. This study showed that K and Zn still required for pummelo growing in this soil.
Tilmicosin Reduces PRRSV Loads in Pigs in vivo
Authors: Lin Chao-Nan , Yang Yu-Jian , Lin Wei-Hao , Wu Hsien-Ching , Xiong Zhixuan , Depondt Wouter , Kanora Alain , Cui Min , Su Danping , He Dongsheng , Chiou Ming-Tang
Published: December 2015

Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus (PRRSV) is an important pathogen having a significant economic impact on the swine industry worldwide. Tilmicosin is a new semi-synthetic macrolide antibiotic developed from tylosin B. Tilmicosin can enter pulmonary alveolar macrophages (PAMs) and inhibit the replication of PRRSV in PAMs in vitro. This study was conducted to evaluate the impact of tilmicosin in controlling the replication of PRRSV in vivo. Forty and 635 weaned piglets were randomly chosen from PRRSV-contaminated farrow-to-finish herds in Taiwan and China, respectively. The piglets were equally divided into two groups and housed in the same pen but separated into individual spaces. Tilmicosin (Tilmovet® 20% premix, 400 mg/kg) was administered after weaning for 21 days (treated group). The untreated group of piglets did not receive tilmicosin. Blood samples were collected at 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 weeks of age to detect of the PRRSV load. At 8 and 10 weeks of age, the tilmicosin-treated piglets had a significantly lower PRRSV load than the untreated piglets (P < 0.05) in Taiwan. At 6, 8, 10, and 12 weeks of age, the tilmicosin-treated piglets had a significantly lower PRRSV load than the untreated piglets (P < 0.05) in China. These data indicates that animals treated with tilmicosin exhibited not only reduced PRRSV loads but also improved average daily weight gain during the study period.
Evaluation of Some Technologies Developed by the Food Technology Laboratory of the Institute of Agricultural Research for Development: Case of Cocoa, Coffee and Rice
Authors: Irène Guemche Sillag Jeanne , Andoseh Patience Bongse Kari , Joël Tchamba , Mounjouenpou Pauline
Published: December 2015

The cultivation of plant such as cocoa, coffee and rice is practised by a large number of rural Cameroonian populations. Unfortunately, they are the most suffering of malnutrition, food insecurity and poverty. To improve their livelihoods, the Food Technology Laboratory (FTL) has developed some simple and innovative techniques to transform cocoa, coffee and rice and transferred them to producers. This study aims to evaluate the adoption of those innovations by producers. The survey was conducted in five most important markets in Yaoundé and in one pilot village named Bialanguéna. Data were analysed based on a comparison of the state before and after the acquisition of innovative technologies by producers. Changes observed in the food and economic habits were evaluated. The results show that cocoa products are the most adopted ones. Bialanguena women and Yaounde cocoa producers convert some cocoa beans to cocoa powder and cocoa butter for their therapeutic and nutritive needs. Yaounde cocoa producers go further to commercialize them and generate incomes. This is now their main source of financial income. Therefore, they can afford for food and housing of quality. These innovative technologies could be considered as an alternative to ensure food security in rural area. But the vulgarisation of technologies must continue to reach a large number of producers.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Journal of Agricultural Science, Vol. 8, No. 1
Authors: Brown Anne
Published: December 2015

Reviewer acknowledgements for Journal of Agricultural Science, Vol. 8, No. 1, 2016.
Cork Oak Seedling Growth under Different Soil Conditions from Fertilisation, Mycorrhizal Fungi and Amino Acid Application
Authors: Dinis Cati , Surovy Peter , Ribeiro Nuno A. , Machado Rui , Oliveira Maria R. G.
Published: December 2015

Regeneration process deals with some constrains related with the livestock management, pasture rotations, and dependence of a sequence of favourable climatic years, among others, which can lead to a continuous delay in the initiation of the regeneration process. The purpose of this study is to promote an increase of cork oak seedling growth in order to decrease the time required for regeneration and also to contribute to avoid the effect of post-transplant stress on cork oak. With this objective, a study was carried out on a greenhouse, where the effect of fertilisation, mycorrhizal fungi inoculation, and amino acid supply were tested. Results showed that cork oak seedling capability to growth, expressed as total seedling dry weight, was positively affected by treatments, except when only fertilisation was applied. We verified that cork oak seedlings inoculated with mycorrhizal fungi presented better results in terms of aerial structures growth. Any of the treatments was suitable to contribute positively for tap root and total belowground dry weight accumulation. Only fine roots structures were sensitive to treatments effects; it was verified that both inoculated and non-inoculated seedlings subjected to fertilisation were capable to invest largely on the production of these structures (33 and 30%, respectively). To reinforce the cork oak seedling growth, the equilibrium between fertilisers and mycorrhizal fungi inoculation would probably be the better option to enhance the cork oak regeneration process. Thus, the balance between shoot and root systems growth would be guaranteed, fertilisation mainly for root system and mycorrhizal fungi inoculation for shoot growth.
Effects of 1-MCP on External Postharvest Qualities and Shelf Life of ‘Maha Chanok’ Mango Fruit
Authors: Chutichudet B. , Chutichudet Prasit , Trainoak Usana
Published: December 2015

‘Maha Chanok’ mango is an economic fruit crop widely cultivated commercially throughout Thailand. By nature, mango fruit has a rather limited storage life after harvest. 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) has been accepted as a commercial substance to improve several fruit qualities. The objective of this research was to study the effects of 1-MCP on the external postharvest qualities and storage life on the ‘Maha Chanok’ mango fruit. The experiment was laid out in a Completely Randomized Design with three replicates, ten fruits per replicate. Mango fruit was fumigated with 1-MCP at three concentrations (1000, 1250, or 1500 nl l-1) and three fumigation periods (12, 18, or 24 h), compared with the control fruit. After treating, all treatments were stored under ambient temperature (27 °C, 80%R.H.). The following determinations were made every two days for assessment of fruit weight loss, firmness, chlorophyll content, decay incidence, and storage life. The results showed that fruit treated with 1500 nl l-1 1-MCP for 24 h had the maximal fruit firmness. For chlorophyll content, the results showed that fruit-treated with 1500 nl l-1 1-MCP for 12 h could effectively retain the highest chlorophyll contents. Furthermore, both the lowest fruit decay and the longest storage life of 12 days were achieved from the fruit treated with 1000 nl l-1 1-MCP for 12 h.
The selection of transportation means for technological processes
Authors: Ambroziak Tomasz , Tkaczyk Sławomir
Published: December 2015

The article discusses the issue of selection of the technical measures and the means of transport to carry out the executive and transport operations transport infrastructure investment: the chains of suppliers on the example of transport task, in production - for example the building transport infrastructure investment and in the storage warehouse. The developed method allows to determine the construction schedule (determination of the order of operations performed optimal technical measures and optimal means of transport) with the optimal function criterion (cost / time). The simulations have shown that this method allows an unambiguous selection of the technical measures and means of transport (vehicles) to implement the particular technological operations at a given time/cost, taking into account the established constraints.
Za rudou oponou. Komunisté a jejich voliči po roce 1989
Authors: Hejtmánek Jan
Published: December 2015

Kunštát, Daniel (2013). Za rudou oponou. Komunisté a jejich voliči po roce 1989. Prague: Sociologické nakladatelství (SLON). 342 pages.
Ještě nejsme za vodou: Obrazy druhých a historická paměť v období postkomunistické transformace
Authors: Hanuš Karel
Published: December 2015

Holubec, Stanislav (2015). Ještě nejsme za vodou: Obrazy druhých a historická paměť v období postkomunistické transformace. Prague: Skriptorium. 312 pages.
The Foreign Policies of Post-Yugoslav States: From Yugoslavia to Europe
Authors: Vučković Vladimir
Published: December 2015

Keil, Soeren and Stahl, Bernhard (eds) (2014) The Foreign Policies of Post-Yugoslav States: From Yugoslavia to Europe. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmilian, 280 pages.
Editor's Note: One Lucky Weekend
Authors: Verbeten Sharon
Published: December 2015

Once upon an October, a children’s librarian in Wisconsin got lucky. Very, very lucky.When you live in Northeast Wisconsin, literary events are often few and far between. Sure, we have libraries and bookstores, but we’re not exactly a hotbed of literary activity. But in October, the planets aligned, giving me one whirlwind weekend of pure children’s librarian delight.
Lietuvos šauliai, Latvijos aizsargai ir Estijos kaitseliitai Holokausto akistatoje: lyginamoji analizė
Authors: Vitkus Hektoras
Published: December 2015

Straipsnio tikslas  –  išanalizuoti prielaidas, lėmusias dalies buvusių tarpukario paramilitarinių organizacijų  –  Lietuvos šaulių sąjungos, Latvijos Aizsargi ir Estijos Kaitseliit narių dalyvavimą pirmosiose masinėse žydų žudynėse nacių okupuotose Baltijos šalyse „Žydų klausimo teritorinio sprendimo“ (1941  m. birželis–gruodis) periodu. Tyrimo dėmesio centre (plačiąja objekto prasme) yra veiksniai, sąlygoję buvusių šaulių, aizsargų ir kaitseliitų į(si)traukimą į žydų genocido procesą ir turėję įtakos tolesnei Holokausto eigai Baltijos šalyse.
Šauliai, Birželio sukilimas ir partizaninis karas: Šiaurės rytų Lietuvos atvejis
Authors: Noreika Dainius
Published: December 2015

Straipsnyje nagrinėjama 1941 m. Birželio sukilimo ir 1944 m. prasidėjusio partizaninio karo dalyvių socialinės sudėties aspektai, jų pasipriešinimo identitetą formavusios ir kolektyvinį veiksmą mobilizavusios socialinės struktūros. Daugiausia dėmesio skiriama Šaulių sąjungos įtakos antisovietinio pasipriešinimo organizacinių vienetų kūrimuisi, sudėčiai ir raidai tyrimui. Analizės objektu pasirinktos Šiaurės rytų Lietuvos socialinės struktūros.
El patrimonio arqueológico iraquí y su destrucción a lo largo del tiempo
Authors: Espejel Arroyo Fernando
Published: December 2015

El moderno país de Iraq ocupa una zona en la que se asentaron las principales culturas del Antiguo Oriente. Un rico patrimonio arqueológico que durante años el país se encargó de estudiar. Su glorioso pasado era el orgullo de la nación. Cuando en el año 2003 se producía la invasión de Iraq, los medios de comunicación publicaron noticias sobre el saqueo del Museo Nacional, sin embargo este no era sino un hecho más, probablemente el más doloroso de los que ha sufrido el patrimonio de este país a lo largo del tiempo. En primer lugar el expolio de las potencias colonizadoras europeas, interesadas en aumentar los fondos de sus museos, pasando por la presencia de mafias internacionales sin escrúpulos, varias guerras desastrosas y un embargo internacional que se prolongó durante doce años, agravando la ya de por sí delicada situación del país, y que tuvo consecuencias importantes para el patrimonio arqueológico.

The current country of Iraq is located in an area where the main cultures of the Ancient East settled down. A priceless cultural heritage which was studied by the country for years. Its majestic past was the pride of the nation. When Iraq was overrun back in 2003, the press published the looting of the National Museum, though it was not just an isolated event, but the most painful one the country had suffered throughout time. In the first place, the pillage from the European colonizing countries interested in increasing the collections of their own museums. Followed by the presence of international unscrupulous mafias, several disastrous wars and an international embargo which lasted for twelve years. All the mentioned episodes worsened even more the difficult situation of the country, which resulted in serious consequences for the cultural heritage.
II Jornadas Internacionales de Didáctica de la Historia
Authors: Vidal Abellán Euebio Manuel
Published: December 2015

Durante los días 6, 7 y 8 de mayo del 2015 se desarrollaron en el salón de actos de la Facultad de Educación (Campus de Espinardo) de la Universidad de Murcia, las II Jornadas Internacionales de Didáctica de la Historia. En esta ocasión, las jornadas estuvieron centradas en el denominado pensamiento histórico o historical thinking y su aplicación en clase a través del patrimonio. El lema elegido para las mismas fue Cómo evaluar el pensamiento histórico mediante el uso del patrimonio y fueron organizadas por el grupo de investigación DICSO con la colaboración del Departamento de Didáctica de las Ciencias Matemáticas y Sociales de la Facultad de Educación de la Universidad de Murcia, el Vicerrectorado de Relaciones Internacionales Institucionales y Proyección social de la misma Facultad y el Centro de Profesores y Recursos (CPR) de la Región de Murcia.
Espartaco en la arqueología
Authors: Posadas Juan Luis
Published: December 2015

Desde 2011 estamos desarrollando una línea de investigación sobre las fuentes escritas para la rebelión de Espartaco. En este artículo vamos a repasar las pocas evidencias arqueológicas de dicha rebelión, sobre todo la pintura aparecida hace tiempo en Pompeya donde se representa a un jinete con una inscripción en osco referida a un Spartaks. La hipótesis es que dicha representación alude a un episodio concreto de dicha rebelión fechable en el año 73 a. C. (la derrota y muerte del pretor Cosinio a manos de Espartaco).

Since 2011 we are developing a research about the written sources on the rebellion of Spartacus. In this paper we are to review some archaeological evidences on that rebellion. The most important of these is the wall graffito discovered some decades ago in Pompey representing a horseman with an inscription in Oscan language referring to a Spartaks. Our hypothesis is that this painting represents a specific episode of this rebellion dated in 73 b. C. (the defeat and murder of Praetor Cosinius by Spartacus).
Las trabas para una formación arqueológica inclusiva.
Authors: Samaniego Espinosa Ana
Published: December 2015

La formación arqueológica se realiza en España, principalmente, en las universidades ya sea en sus aulas o en una excavación. Si añadimos la palabra inclusiva estamos hablando de formar a arqueólogos con algún tipo de discapacidad.Este artículo reflexiona sobre los factores que intervienen en la actualidad para la formación arqueológica a estudiantes con discapacidad. Se trata la legislación vigente sobre igualdad y el derecho a la formación. La figura de la Universidad como institución que une a la diversidad para detectar y potenciar los talentos diferentes que necesita la sociedad.Se consideran los factores que intervienen en la formación práctica arqueológica y su didáctica por parte del profesorado y finalmente se reflexiona sobre las posibles trabas que la propia tradición académica arqueológica introduce en dicha formación.

In Spain, the archaeological instruction is carried out, mainly, at universities, either in the classrooms or at excavations. If the word inclusive is added, we are talking about training archaeologists with some sort of disability.This article reflects on the elements which take part in the archaeological training of students with disabilities at present. It deals with the current legislation on equality, and the right to academic training. It also considers the university as the institution which connects the diversity, to detect and strengthen the different talents that society needs.The elements which take part in the practical archaeological training, and its teaching by the faculty are considered. Finally, the present paper reflects on the possible obstacles that the academic archaeological tradition itself introduces in the mentioned training.
El profesor como predicador, provocador y ermitaño. Un pre-texto para pensar las tareas de la didáctica de la historia
Authors: Ibáñez Rojo Enrique
Published: December 2015

La enseñanza de la historia está condenada a ser una cuestión controvertida, dado que trata esencialmente de la formación moral y política de los jóvenes en sociedades que son, y han sido siempre, culturalmente diversas. Este artículo defiende la utilidad del último escepticismo filosófico (o, si se prefiere, del relativismo “posmoderno”) para repensar las tareas de la didáctica de la disciplina y componer una figura ideal del profesor de historia capaz de transmitir enseñanzas auténticamente relevantes para el progreso de la comunidad democrática y la educación de sus futuros ciudadanos.

The teaching of history is bound to be controversial, since it is essentially moral and political education of young people in societies that are, and have always been, culturally diverse. This article advocates the usefulness of the latest philosophical scepticism (or, if you prefer, the “postmodern” relativism) to reconsider the tasks of the didactics of this discipline and to frame an ideal image of the history teacher capable of transmitting lessons that could be truly relevant for the advance of the democratic community and the education of its future citizens.
Impact of a Quality Improvement Project on Deceased Organ Donor Management
Authors: Olmos Andrea , Feiner John , Hirose Ryutaro , Swain Sharon , Blasi Annabel , Roberts John P. , Niemann Claus U.
Published: December 2015

Context—

Donors showed poor glucose control in the period between declaration of brain death and organ recovery. The level of hyperglycemia in the donors was associated with a decline in terminal renal function.

Objective—

To determine whether implementation of a quality improvement project improved glucose control and preserved renal function in deceased organ donors.

Methods—

Data collected retrospectively included demographics, medical history, mechanism of death, laboratory values, and data from the United Network for Organ Sharing.

Results—

After implementation of the quality improvement project, deceased donors had significantly lower mean glucose concentrations (mean [SD], 162 [44] vs 212 [42] mg/dL; P < .001) and prerecovery glucose concentration (143 [66] vs 241 [69] mg/dL; P < .001). When the donor cohorts from before and after the quality improvement project were analyzed together, mean glucose concentration remained a significant predictor of terminal creatinine level ( P < .001). Multivariate analysis of delayed graft function in kidney recipients matched to donors indicated that higher terminal creatinine level was associated with delayed graft function in recipients ( P < .001).

Conclusion—

The quality improvement project improved donor glucose homeostasis, and the data confirm that poor glucose homeostasis is associated with worsening terminal renal function.
Organ Donation Video Messaging in Motor Vehicle Offices: Results of a Randomized Trial
Authors: Rodrigue James R. , Fleishman Aaron , Fitzpatrick Sean , Boger Matthew
Published: December 2015

Context—

Since nearly all registered organ donors in the United States signed up via a driver's license transaction, motor vehicle (MV) offices represent an important venue for organ donation education.

Objective—

To evaluate the impact of organ donation video messaging in MV offices.

Design—

A 2-group (usual care vs usual care + video messaging) randomized trial with baseline, intervention, and follow-up assessment phases.

Setting—

Twenty-eight MV offices in Massachusetts.

Intervention—

Usual care comprised education of MV clerks, display of organ donation print materials (ie, posters, brochures, signing mats), and a volunteer ambassador program. The intervention included video messaging with silent (subtitled) segments highlighting individuals affected by donation, playing on a recursive loop on monitors in MV waiting rooms.

Main Outcome Measures—

Aggregate monthly donor designation rates at MV offices (primary) and percentage of MV customers who registered as donors after viewing the video (secondary).

Results—

Controlling for baseline donor designation rate, analysis of covariance showed a significant group effect for intervention phase ( F= 7.3, P= .01). The usual-care group had a significantly higher aggregate monthly donor designation rate than the intervention group had. In the logistic regression model of customer surveys (n = 912), prior donor designation (β = −1.29, odds ratio [OR] = 0.27 [95% CI = 0.20–0.37], P < .001), white race (β = 0.57 OR = 1.77 [95% CI = 1.23–2.54], P = .002), and viewing the intervention video (β = 0.73, OR = 1.54 [95% CI = 1.24–2.60], P= .01) were statistically significant predictors of donor registration on the day of the survey.

Conclusion—

The relatively low uptake of the video intervention by customers most likely contributed to the negative trial finding.
Preparing for a Face Transplant: Development of a Comprehensive Nursing Educational Program
Authors: Sweeney Nicole , Calame-Mars Grace , Dojlidko Dorothy , Frank-Bader Margaret , Keller Ronald , Waterman Jasmin
Published: December 2015

To date, more than 30 face transplants have been performed worldwide. This innovative procedure has restored the functional and aesthetic aspects of the face in patients with cancer, congenital, and trauma-related deformities where the results of traditional reconstructive surgery have been deficient. The importance of nursing involvement in the care of these patients is undeniable; however, little has been published about how to properly prepare a nursing department to undertake such an important role. Although the care of patients undergoing face transplants has many similarities to the care of patients undergoing traditional head and neck flap procedures, patients undergoing face transplant provide unique challenges, including immunosuppression, allograft rejection, communication impairment, and psychosocial needs. Staff at New York University's Langone Medical Center have devised a specific plan of action to properly inform, educate, and prepare the nursing staff for this exciting endeavor.
How to make an oscillator
Authors: Rosier Bas JHM , de Greef Tom FA
Published: December 2015

A cell-free approach reveals how genetic circuits can produce robust oscillations of proteins and other components.
Simple method of improving harvest by nonthermal air plasma irradiation of seeds of Arabidopsis thaliana (L.)
Authors: Koga Kazunori , Thapanut Sarinont , Amano Takaaki , Seo Hyunwoong , Itagaki Naho , Hayashi Nobuya , Shiratani Masaharu
Published: December 2015

We have studied the effects of air nonthermal plasma irradiation of seeds of Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) on their growth from the beginning of cultivation to their harvest. Three minute plasma irradiation of dry seeds resulted in growth acceleration in all the growth stages. Compared with the control, the plasma irradiation led to an 11% shorter harvest period, a 56% increase in total seed weight, a 12% increase in each seed weight, and a 39% increase in seed number.
Cranial osteology of the ankylosaurian dinosaur formerly known asMinmisp. (Ornithischia: Thyreophora) from the Lower Cretaceous Allaru Mudstone of Richmond, Queensland, Australia
Authors: Leahey Lucy G. , Molnar Ralph E. , Carpenter Kenneth , Witmer Lawrence M. , Salisbury Steven W.
Published: December 2015

Minmiis the only known genus of ankylosaurian dinosaur from Australia. Seven specimens are known, all from the Lower Cretaceous of Queensland. Only two of these have been described in any detail: the holotype specimenMinmi paravertebrafrom the Bungil Formation near Roma, and a near complete skeleton from the Allaru Mudstone on Marathon Station near Richmond, preliminarily referred to a possible new species ofMinmi. The Marathon specimen represents one of the world’s most complete ankylosaurian skeletons and the best-preserved dinosaurian fossil from eastern Gondwana. Moreover, among ankylosaurians, its skull is one of only a few in which the majority of sutures have not been obliterated by dermal ossifications or surface remodelling. Recent preparation of the Marathon specimen has revealed new details of the palate and narial regions, permitting a comprehensive description and thus providing new insights cranial osteology of a basal ankylosaurian. The skull has also undergone computed tomography, digital segmentation and 3D computer visualisation enabling the reconstruction of its nasal cavity and endocranium. The airways of the Marathon specimen are more complicated than non-ankylosaurian dinosaurs but less so than derived ankylosaurians. The cranial (brain) endocast is superficially similar to those of other ankylosaurians but is strongly divergent in many important respects. The inner ear is extremely large and unlike that of any dinosaur yet known. Based on a high number of diagnostic differences between the skull of the Marathon specimen and other ankylosaurians, we consider it prudent to assign this specimen to a new genus and species of ankylosaurian.Kunbarrasaurus ieversigen. et sp. nov. represents the second genus of ankylosaurian from Australia and is characterised by an unusual melange of both primitive and derived characters, shedding new light on the evolution of the ankylosaurian skull.
Determinants of antiretroviral therapy coverage in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Furuoka Fumitaka , Hoque Mohammad Zahirul
Published: December 2015

Among 35 million people living with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in 2013, only 37% had access to antiretroviral therapy (ART). Despite global concerted efforts to provide the universal access to the ART treatment, the ART coverage varies among countries and regions. At present, there is a lack of systematic empirical analyses on factors that determine the ART coverage. Therefore, the current study aimed to identify the determinants of the ART coverage in 41 countries in Sub-Saharan Africa. It employed statistical analyses for this purpose. Four elements, namely, the HIV prevalence, the level of national income, the level of medical expenditure and the number of nurses, were hypothesised to determine the ART coverage. The findings revealed that among the four proposed determinants only the HIV prevalence had a statistically significant impact on the ART coverage. In other words, the HIV prevalence was the sole determinant of the ART coverage in Sub-Saharan Africa.
Turismo e a dinâmica sócio-espacial do litoral de Santa Catarina
Authors: Pereira Raquel Maria Fontes do Amaral
Published: December 2015

O artigo analisa as mudanças na dinâmica sócio-espacial do litoral de Santa Catarina nas últimas décadas, relacionando dialeticamente elementos naturais e humanos e considerando as determinações locais, regionais, nacionais e mundiais responsáveis por sua configuração atual, marcada pela intensa movimentação de veículos nas rodovias federais e estaduais, em razão do desenvolvimento do turismo e do permanente tráfego de cargas e pessoas. O método de abordagem apoia-se no materialismo histórico-dialético, recorrendo fundamentalmente ao paradigma de formação socioespacial que favorece a identificação das “múltiplas determinações” responsáveis pela caracterização de realidades concretas. A investigação demonstrou o dinamismo sócio- espacial do litoral catarinense, resultado uma intensa movimentação de pessoas e de mercadorias.
Análise da sustentabilidade do turismo: um estudo em comunidades indígenas no Estado de Roraima, Brasil
Authors: Brandao Cristiane do Nascimento , Barbieri José Carlos , Reyes Junior Edgar
Published: December 2015

A presente pesquisa foi realizada em três comunidades indígenas do estado de Roraima, que encontraram no turismo uma alternativa para o desenvolvimento local sustentável. Dado que esta atividade pode trazer consequências positivas e negativas, o objetivo deste trabalho é analisar, por meio de um estudo de casos, os impactos sociais, culturais, econômicos e ambientais do turismo em comunidades indígenas. Foi utilizado o método quantitativo com aplicação de questionários. As unidades de análise da pesquisa foram os indígenas moradores das comunidades pesquisadas. A amostra da pesquisa foi constituída de 210 respostas válidas. Para a análise dos dados utilizou-se estatística descritiva e análise multivariada. O estudo revelou que a atividade turística pode trazer benefícios (econômicos, sociais, culturais e ambientais) para as comunidades, bem como sugere que sejam priorizadas ações que visem transformar as iniciativas existentes em destinos de excelência em turismo indígena.