bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALYSIS OF TREND AND VARIABILITY OF SUMMER SEASON VISIBILITY AND TEMPERATURE IN SAHEL ZONE OF NIGERIA
Authors: Balarabe Mukhtar , Saadu Bello
Published: October 2020

The variation of climate in the past on different time scale in Nigeria has generated a lot of concern and is still posing a threat to life and properties. Meteorologist and climatologist in Nigeria are working hard to address this problem. This study assessed the recent trend and variability of summer season`s visibility and temperature for Sahel zone of Nigeria. The long-term (1988-2017) summer seasons meteorological data derived from National Oceanic Atmospheric Agency-National Climate Data Centre (NOAA-NCDC) were used. A significant decreasing trend in visibility and increasing trend in temperature were detected during the entire period of study. The overall averages were 14.71 ± 4.17 km and 24.54 ± 4.19  respectively. The trends were found more significance in the last ten years. The Decades` means are 19.38± 3.05, 13.76 ± 2.09, 10.98 ± 1.28 km  and 20.60 ± 4.72◦C, 25.78 ± 2.54 ◦C and 27.25 ± 0.79  ◦C for the first, second and third decades respectively. Standardize anomaly chart revealed that over the period of study, positive visibility anomaly correspond to negative temperature anomaly and vice visa. Their correlation at p< 0.05 significant level showed a negative relationship of 0.54 over the thirty years period. However, decade analysis showed a positive correlation of 0.47 and negative correlations of 0.61 and 0.74 for the first, second and third decades respectively. These suggest that summer season of the recent decades are dustier than the previous ones and that, summer season of the recent decades become hotter than the previous decades
ASSESSING THE EFFECTS OF THE 2019 FLOOD IN YOBE STATE COMMUNITIES AND POSSIBLE MITIGATION APPROACH
Authors: Gana A. H. , Salisu K.
Published: October 2020

Flood is one of the natural disasters that cause serious damage to property, environment and human livelihood. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reports over the years have indicated that climate related disasters will more than double between 2000 to 2050 in comparison to their occurrence in the 20th century. It is evident that many communities around the world are becoming vulnerable to flood. Vulnerability is shaped by internal factors which (e.g poverty, age, weakness) these increase the degree of human exposure, and the external factors include (e.g susceptibility to climate change and socio-economic factors). It also depends on the sensitivity and adaptive capacity of a system to natural disasters. This study assessed the impacts of the 2019 flood in Yobe State, where data were obtained through Yobe State Emergency Management Agency (YOSEMA). YOSEMA is among the governmental organisations in the state that provides support and relief to flood victims and affected households. Secondary data was collected from YOSEMA (2019 flood report) to assess affected households and communities in the state. The 2019 flood events have affected over 5,000 households and had caused 4 deaths in the state. In this study, Holistic Flood Mitigation Approach was proposed to improve flood mitigation measures. This approach advocates for shifts from reactive approach (relief) to proactive approach (reduce risk). This can be conducted using the vulnerability indicators for the holistic approach. Further studies will be conducted to assess the level of household vulnerability in order to understand the recovery pace of communities
RISING CASES OF ANTIBIOTICS SELF-MEDICATION AND ITS ASSOCIATED PREDICAMENT
Authors: Attah Friday , Angulu Caleb Ndako , Mamman Godiya , Udensi Esther , Anyebe Emmanuel Ogbole , Daniel Elijah Ngbede , Ajanya Benjamin Unekwuojo , Olaruwaju Gabriel Adewale
Published: October 2020

Antibiotics are medical products designed to cure or avoid bacterial infections that should be administered to patients based on a licensed health care professional's directive. Self-medication is defined as the usage of medication, whether orthodox or traditional, for self-cure. The practice of antibiotics self-treatment is a global phenomenal. Indulgence of antibiotics self-medication had crippled the lives of many people with increase antibiotics resistance bacterial and disruption of gut microbiota. The practice of antibiotics self-medication was sustained and reinforced by easy information access on antibiotics uses and the accessibility of antibiotics in the environments. The menace of this practice is abruptly stoppage of the treatment when symptoms disappeared because of inadequate idea of the ailment. The best way to discourage antibiotics self-medication is to take the campaign to all stakeholders in antibiotics dealings to reduce the inflow of antibiotics and as well as to educate patient on the inherent dangers.
LEGALIZAÇÃO E REPRESSÃO DAS DROGAS: PERCEPÇÃO DE USUÁRIOS DE UM CENTRO DE ATENÇÃO PSICOSSOCIAL
Authors: Teixeira Joze Karlem da Silva , Soccol Keity Laís Siepmann , Siqueira Daiana Foggiato de , Souto Valquíria Toledo , Vasconcelos Raíssa Ottes , Terra Marlene Gomes
Published: October 2020

Este estudo tem como objetivo compreender a percepção de usuários de drogas em tratamento em um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial Álcool e Drogas acerca da legalização e repressão das drogas. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, realizado com 13 usuários, no período de maio a junho de 2013. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevista individual, e analisados conforme Análise de Conteúdo Temática. Os resultados evidenciaram que os sujeitos são contrários à legalização por receio das consequências à saúde e sociais. Outros se mostram favoráveis por acreditarem em uma possível redução do consumo bem como, da criminalidade. Conclui-se que se faz necessário ampliar as discussões acerca da temática com diferentes atores e a discussão coletiva, em busca de estratégias de enfrentamento das consequências e perdas sociais que o uso ocasionou na vida dos usuários.
TRAJETÓRIA DA IMPLANTAÇÃO DE AURICULOTERAPIA NA REDE MUNICIPAL DE SAÚDE DE CRUZ ALTA – RIO GRANDE DO SUL
Authors: Freitag Vera Lucia , Krause Kelly de Moura Oliveira
Published: October 2020

A inserção das Práticas Integrativas e Complementares (PICS) no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) configura uma ação de ampliação de acesso, qualificação dos serviços por meio das novas estratégias de cuidado natural, com o princípio da integralidade da atenção à saúde. O objetivo deste artigo foi descrever a trajetória da implantação de auriculoterapia na rede municipal de saúde do município de Cruz Alta/Rio Grande do Sul. Trata-se de um relato de experiência que aborda a trajetória de implantação das PICS no cuidado a saúde dos usuários do município de Cruz Alta/RS, no atendimento de auriculoterapia. Diante dos avanços científicos e tecnológicos e do modelo biomédico muito presente nos dias atuais, faz-se necessário considerar a implantação da Política das Práticas Integrativas e Complementares (PICS), especialmente no Sistema Único de Saúde (RS), propiciando estratégias de cuidado que considere a integralidade, a subjetividade e a singularidade dos usuários, com vistas a promoção, proteção e prevenção à saúde.
Optimal Design of Passive and Active Control Systems in Seismic-excited Structures Using a New Modified TLBO
Authors: Hosseinaei Saeed , Ghasemi Mohammad Reza , Etedali Sadegh
Published: October 2020

Vibration control devices have recently been used in structures subjected to wind and earthquake excitations. The optimal design problems of the passive control device and the feedback gain matrix of the controller for the seismic-excited structures are some attractive problems for researches to develop optimization algorithms with the advancement in terms of simplicity, accuracy, speed, and efficacy. In this paper, a new modified teaching–learning-based optimization (TLBO) algorithm, known as MTLBO, is proposed for the problems. For some benchmark optimization functions and constrained engineering problems, the validity, efficacy, and reliability of the MTLBO are firstly assessed and compared to other optimization algorithms in the literature. The undertaken statistical indicate that the MTLBO performs better and reliable than some other algorithms studied here. The performance of the MTLBO will then be explored for two passive and active structural control problems. It is concluded that the MTLBO algorithm is capable of giving better results than conventional TLBO. Hence, its utilization as a simple, fast, and powerful optimization tool to solve particular engineering optimization problems is recommended.
终身教育价值的研究
Authors: 袁 梦
Published: October 2020

自从终身教育理论建立以来，它得到了各国的广泛关注。当前，许多国家的政府将终身教育作为自己教育改革的总体目标，并努力将终身教育纳入标准化渠道。它还根据终身教育的原则重组和设计了自己的国民教育体系，试图建立一种终身教育体系，以全面实施从幼儿园到高等学校，从家庭教育到企业教育的终身教育。甚至许多国家都通过了立法，依法将终身教育理论作为国家当前和未来教育发展与改革的基本指导思想。
“5G+”形势下学生心理健康教育工作的有效科普路径
Authors: 陈 鹏
Published: October 2020

随着5G的现代化普及应用，实现"5G+教育"成为当下热门话题。文章通过对"5G+智慧教育"的模式论述，探讨"5G+"形势下学生心理健康教育工作的有效科普路径。通过5G的现代化数据传播技术，实现"技术+教育"的完美结合，优化学生教育机制，保护学生身心健康，实现学生心理健康教育科普路径探索。
Causal Reasoning Application in Smart Farming and Ethics: A Systematic Review
Authors: Luma-Osmani Shkurte , Ismaili Florije , Raufi Bujar , Zenuni Xhemal
Published: October 2020

In the last decade, there has been paradigm shift on causal reasoning, the discovery of causal relationships between variables and its potential to help understand and solve different complex real-life problems. The aim of this paper is to present a systematic review of relevant studies related to causal reasoning, with emphasis on smart agriculture and ethics. The paper considers the literature review as an answer to several research questions that intend to broadly recapitulate and scrutinise the causal reasoning problem in smart agriculture as well as research ethics, viewed from diverse lookouts.
Are local and traditional ecological knowledge suitable tools for informing the conservation of threatened amphibians in biodiversity hotspots?
Authors: Kanagavel Arun
Published: October 2020

Globally, amphibians are declining more rapidly than any other vertebrate group. A general shortage of funding for the support of focused scientific studies led us to investigate local and traditional ecological knowledge as an alternative data source for amphibian conservation. In this context, we undertook a questionnaire-based interview survey with forest-dwelling indigenous and non-indigenous communities across the Anamalai Hills, within the southern Western Ghats of India, to gather ecological knowledge on three cryptic and threatened frog species. Our results suggest that local communities possess ecological knowledge of frogs and that the magnitude of this knowledge is influenced by gender, community type, education, and age. Accuracy of local knowledge was primarily influenced by the morphological distinctiveness of the focal species, but cultural association and utilisation were also important factors especially for the enigmatic purple frog Nasikabatrachus sahyadrensis, which has uses in medicine and amulets.
Molecular phylogeny and taxonomic evaluation of the genus Asaccus Dixon and Anderson, 1973 (Reptilia: Phyllodactylidae) in Iran
Authors: Fattahi Akbar
Published: October 2020

The Iranian species of the phyllodactylid geckos of the genus Asaccus are found only in the valleys of the Zagros Mountains, a region which represents an important area of endemism in western Iran. Recently, many relict species have been described from the central and southern parts of the Zagros Mountains, which were previously known as A. elisae. The recent descriptions of species within this complex suggest that diversity within the genus may be higher than expected and that its taxonomy and systematics should be revised. In the present study, phylogenetic relationships within the genus Asaccus were evaluated using two mitochondrial and one nuclear gene. Genetically, the genus shows high levels of variability. The molecular phylogeny of the genus suggests the presence of three main clades along the Zagros Mountains with the southern population (from the Hormozgan province) and one clade (A. sp8 and A. sp9) being sister taxon to A. montanus from UAE. The remaining samples are separated into two reciprocally monophyletic groups: the northern (Kurdistan, Kermanshah and Ilam provinces) and the central (Lorestan, Khuzestan, Kohgilouye-Bouyer Ahmad and Fars provinces) Zagros groups. The results of the present study suggest that populations attributed to A. elisae in Iran correspond to distinct lineages with high genetic distances. In brief, our results suggest that the genus needs a major taxonomical revision The Arabian origin of the genus has not been confirmed, because two populations from Zagros were located within the A. montanus, A. gallagheri and A. platyrhynchus clade. Further morphological analyses are needed to systematically define each genetic lineage as a new taxon.
Responses of crocodilians to construction of a hydroelectric dam on the Madeira River in the Brazilian Amazon
Authors: Campos Zilca
Published: October 2020

The spillways of the Santo Antônio Hydro-electric Dam on the Madeira River in Brazilian Amazonia were closed in November 2011, inundating more than 100 km of river and reducing the annual fluctuations in water level. We surveyed the crocodilians in the affected area for two years before and for eight years after dam filling in order to evaluate the effects of the dam on the size structure of the population, the distribution of each species, and the detectability of individuals to interpret changes in apparent density. Our methodology was probably not appropriate to evaluate trends in population characteristics of Paleosuchus palpebrosus or P. trigonatus, but there was little evidence of an effect of the dam on the numbers of Caiman crocodilus and Melanosuchus niger in the area, and the distributions of all caiman species along the river changed only slightly after the dam was constructed. However, the proportions of small C. crocodilus and large M. niger detected in surveys increased eight years after dam filling. Despite having detectable effects on some population characteristics, the dam does not appear to represent a threat to the persistence of the species in the area if deforestation along the banks of the reservoir can be avoided.
Taxonomic status of the Guyanese endemic caecilian Caecilia pressula Taylor, 1968 (Amphibia: Gymnophiona: Caeciliidae)
Authors: Wilkinson Mark
Published: October 2020

The taxonomic status of the poorly known Neotropical caecilian species Caecilia pressula Taylor, 1968 is reconsidered based on examination of the type series. The single reported diagnostic feature, a laterally compressed
body, that purportedly distinguishes C. pressula from Caecilia tentaculata Linnaeus, 1758 is not consistent across the seven specimens that constitute the type series and the only reported specimens, is variable in the Holotype depending on how it is held, and is considered to be artefactual. Caecilia pressula is considered to be a junior synonym of Caecilia tentaculata. Dentitional features of the smallest and presumed youngest specimens in the type series provide evidence that C. tentaculata practices maternal dermatophagy.
Contributions to Lycodon zawi, a little-known colubrid snake (Reptilia: Serpentes: Colubridae)
Authors: Biakzuala Lal
Published: October 2020

Since the original description of Lycodon zawi almost two decades ago from Myanmar and Northeast India, little is known on the systematics, distributional range as well as the natural history of the species. Hence, this paper attempts to contribute updated information to enhance the genetic data, morphology, distributional records, and natural history on its feeding and the hitherto unknown breeding habit of this species from Mizoram State, Northeast India.
One-Step Urethroplasty in Recurrent Chordee on Scrotal Hipospadia
Authors: Jailani Muhammad
Published: October 2020

Hypospadia is genitalia externa congenital anomaly in male. Recurrent chordee is one of most complication often happen in hypospadias correction. One-step urethroplasty in recurrent chordee is very challenging due to formed massive fibrosis. Correction surgery goals is to release chordee and moving meatus urethra externa to glans tip, and could be done by one-step or two-step. We report patient, 13 years old boy came with chief complain urinate from scrotal region. Patient was diagnose with scrotal hypospadia. Patient done chordee excision previously, but penis still not straight. Then, we perform one-step urethroplasty rechordee excision with local flap. Patient was follow-up one week postoperative, wound in good condition, and dehiscent wasn’t found. Urinary catheter released after three weeks. Evaluation also done in one month postoperative, and found no fistel. One-step urethroplasty rechordee excision was perform in scrotal hypospadi with local urethroplasty flap technique. Evaluation from beginning until two months postoperative found no fistel and urinate in straight line.
Effect of Sr-substitution on the structural and magnetoelectric properties of Ni-Zn ferrites
Authors: Mazumdar SC , Trina AT , Alam F , Miah MJ , Khan MNI
Published: October 2020

Spinel type polycrystalline Ni0.6-xZn0.4SrxFe2O4 (x = 0.0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15 and 0.20) ferrites are synthesized by solid state reaction method. X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern reveals the formation of spinel structure with two secondary phases Sr2FeO4 and SrFe12O19 for higher concentration of Sr (0.15 and 0.20). An increase in lattice constant is observed with the increase of Sr content in the lattice. The density of the samples is found to decrease whereas porosity increases with the substitution of Sr2+ ions. Microstructural investigation shows that the grain size increases with the increase of Sr content. Magnetic hysteresis is investigated at room temperature. All the samples exhibit lower coercivity values indicating that the materials belong to the class of soft ferrites. The saturation magnetization is found to decrease with Sr content which is attributed to Néel’s two sub-lattice model of ferrites. The real permeability of the samples remains almost constant up to a certain frequency and then falls rapidly. Improved dielectric constant is observed in the Sr2+ substituted samples. The electrical conduction in these ferrites is explained on the basis of hopping mechanism between the Fe2+ and Fe3+ ions.

Bangladesh Journal of Physics, 26(2), 1-20, December 2019
Investigation on the quality of silicon extracted from the Padma river sand using magnesio-aluminothermic process
Authors: Kuddus Abdul , Mahabubuzzaman SM , Md Ismail Abu Bakar
Published: October 2020

Investigation on the quality of the extracted Silicon (Si) from the sand of the Padma river of Bangladesh using the Magnesio-Aluminothermic process has been presented in this work. Magnesio-Aluminothermic process, which is low-energy, low-cost and CO2 free compared to conventional carbothermic process, was used for the extraction of Si from the sand. By performing the thermite process, Si was extracted as a eutectic mixture of Aluminium and Si, following that, several cycles of acid leaching were used to obtain highly pure polycrystalline silicon. After grinding the cleaned sand and making a homogeneous mixture with associated chemicals and ignition materials, modified Aluminothermic reaction was performed to produce a eutectic mixture of Si and Al. Grinded eutectic mixture of Si and Al was then purified with acid leaching and finally above 97% pure crystalline Si was extracted. XRD (X-ray diffraction) and Raman Spectroscopy confirmed the polycrystalline nature of Si where XRF (X-ray fluorescence) and EDX (Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy) corroborated the high purity of extracted Si describing the chemical composition.

Bangladesh Journal of Physics, 26(2), 33-40, December 2019
Oppimisen opit käyttöön myös upseerikoulutuksessa
Authors: Ojala Ilmari
Published: October 2020

Oppimisen ohjaus ja evaluaatio upseerin koulutuksessa, Jukka Sorvari, Helsinki (1994)
Opistojen perimmäiset kysymykset vailla ratkaisua
Authors: Silvennoinen Pentti
Published: October 2020

Onko vapaat sivistystyöt tehty? Tutkimus kansalaisopistojen sopeutumisesta yhteiskunnallisiin muutoksiin, Juha Sihvonen, Tampere (1993)
Yhteishankintakoulutuksen idea ja todellisuus
Authors: Räisänen Heikki
Published: October 2020

Kommentti Heikki Silvennoisen ja Kirsi Kuitusen lehden tässä numerossa olevan artikkelin johdosta
Oppiminen ja koulutus
Authors: Rauste-von Wright Maijaliisa , Wright Johan von
Published: October 2020

Artikkeli on vastine Aikuiskasvatus-lehden numerossa 4/95 julkaistuihin arviointeihin kirjoittajien Oppiminen ja koulutus -teoksesta
Tutkimuksen keskiössä oppiva aikuinen
Authors: Vehviläinen Sanna
Published: October 2020

Adult learning in a cultural context. Adult and continuing education research in Finland, toim. Antti Kauppi, Seppo Kontiainen, Kari E. Nurmi, Jukka Tuomisto ja Tapio Vaherva, Helsinki (1995)
Ihmiset oppivat elämällä
Authors: Suoranta Juha
Published: October 2020

Oppiminen ja elämänhistoria, toim. Ari Antikainen & Hannu Huotelin (1996)
Aikuiskoulutuksen tutkimusverkostojen toimintaa ESREA:ssa
Authors: Järvinen Annikki
Published: October 2020

ESREA = European Society for Research on the Education of Adults
Huippuyksiköiden palkitsemiskriteerit alttiita suhdanteille?
Authors: Liuhanen Anna-Maija
Published: October 2020

Palkitsemisen politiikka, Kimmo Ketonen ja Kari Nyyssölä, Turku (1996)
Hopsista
Authors: Torvinen Liisa
Published: October 2020

Opsista hops : käsikirja ja juonnettu kirjallisuusluettelo oppimisen ohjaajalle / J. Jalava & E. Lehtinen & T. Palonen. Turku : Turun yliopiston täydennyskoulutuskeskus, 1997.
Tietokoneperustaisesta opetuksesta verkostopohjaiseen oppimiseen
Authors: Tella Seppo
Published: October 2020

Parinkymmenen viime vuoden aikana on tapahtunut valtava muutos siirtymisessä tietokoneperustaisesta opetuksesta (computer-based education) verkostopohjaiseen oppimiseen (network-based learning) samoin kuin opettamisen ja oppimisen painotuksissa. Tässä artikkelissa tarkastellaan joitain kehitysvaiheita kuvaavia siirtymiä ja pohditaan samalla niiden vaikutusta opetus-oppimisprosessiin.
Kokemuksia vieraskielisen yrityspelin käytöstä
Authors: Luukas Anneli
Published: October 2020

Varsinaista pääainetta voi opiskella myös vieraskielisten simulaatiopelien avulla. Näin saadaan kaksi kärpästä yhdellä iskulla: opitaan sisältöjä ja vierasta kieltä. Helsingin Liiketalouden Ammattikorkeakoulussa on usean vuoden kokemus Strategy!-yrityspelistä, jossa pyritään kilpaillen tekemään oikeaa liiketaloudellista ”tulosta”.
Tieto- ja viestintätekniikka opetuksessa; näkökulmia opettajankoulutukseen ja opettajan työhön
Authors: Sinko Matti
Published: October 2020

Tarkastelen tieto- ja viestintätekniikan käyttöönottoa kouluissa siltä näköalapaikalta, minkä Koulun tietotekniikkakeskus on tarjonnut lähes vuosikymmenen ajan. Näkökulmani on siten täydennyskoulutuksen järjestäjän. Samanaikaisesti tietotekniikan tulon kanssa monet muut asiat ovat vaikuttaneet kouluyhteisöjen työn ehtoihin ja työhön. Siksi tekniikan osuutta ei ole helppoa eikä ehkä tarkoituksenmukaistakaan tarkastella erikseen, erillisenä ilmiönä.
Mezirowin itseohjautuvuuskäsityksiä ymmärrettävästi
Authors: Manninen Jyri
Published: October 2020

Artikkelissa arvioidaan Leena Ahteenmäki-Pelkosen väitöskirjatutkimusta "Kriittinen näkemys itseohjautuvuudesta. Systemaattinen analyysi Jack Mezirowin itseohjautuvuuskäsityksistä"
Oppimisstrategiat keskeisiä oppimisen ymmärtämisessä
Authors: Juuti Pauli
Published: October 2020

Artikkelissa arvioidaan Kirsti Longan väitöskirjatutkimusta "Exploration of constructive processes in student learning"
Koulutuspolitiikka ja aineenopettajakoulutus
Authors: Autio Tero , Nikander Esko , Ropo Eero , Silfverberg Harry
Published: October 2020

Tarkastelemme artikkelissamme opettajankoulutuspolitiikassa tapahtuneita muutoksia taustanamme lähinnä viime ja tällä vuosikymmenellä globaalia ideologista näyttämöä vahvasti hallinnut uusliberalismi. Teemme nopein hyppäyksin ekskursion suomalaisen opettajankoulutuksen vaiheisiin ja tarkastelemme sen jälkeen erityisesti aineenopettajakoulutuksen rakenteellista ja sisällöllistä tilaa kehittämisnäkymiä ideoiden.
Star Trek tietoyhteiskunnan syövereihin
Authors: Huotari Vesa
Published: October 2020

Osaaminen tietoyhteiskunnassa / Reijo Raivola & Matti Vuorensyrjä. (Sitra ; 180) Helsinki : Sitra, 1998.
Liikkeenjohdon konsultointiin liittyvän tutkimustiedon hyödyntäminen
Authors: Alén Heli
Published: October 2020

Liikkeenjohdon konsultoinnin merkitys on yhteiskunnallisesti suuri, koska alan rakenne, laatu ja kehittyminen vaikuttavat voimakkaasti koko sen toimintaympäristöön. Yrityksillä on yhä voimakkaampi tarve keskittyä ydinosaamiseensa ja ulkoistaa muita toimintoja. Tämä näkyy myös kasvavana kiinnostuksena käyttää ulkopuolisia liikkeenjohdon asiantuntijoita. Alan kehittymisen keskeisinä tekijöinä ovat sitä koskeva tutkimustieto ja sen hyödyntäminen käytännössä.
Sosiodraama ja luovat ryhmämenetelmät konsultoinnissa
Authors: Lindqvist Martti
Published: October 2020

Nykyaikaisessa konsultaatiossa, työnohjauksessa ja työn kehittämisessä on yhä enemmän pantu painoa luoville, intuitiivisuutta korostaville työmenetelmille ja ryhmäprosessin tietoiselle hyväksikäytölle. Oikein ja tehokkaasti käytettyinä nämä menetelmät tuottavat intensiivistä kokemuksellista oppimista sekä lisäävät roolien ja ryhmädynamiikan ymmärtämistä. – Artikkelissa kerrotaan konsultaatiossa, työnohjauksessa ja työn kehittämisessä käytetyistä luovista, intuitiivisuutta korostavista työmenetelmistä ja ryhmäprosessin tietoisesta käytöstä.
Terveyskasvatuksen harharetket
Authors: Heikkinen Riitta-Liisa
Published: October 2020

Terveyskasvatuksen oikeutus perustuu lääketieteeseen ja sen avulla saavutettuihin tutkimustuloksiin. Se on ollut luonteeltaan paternistista, ihmisiä holhoavaa ja heidän ajatteluja harkintakykyään aliarvioivaa. Siinä on myös suostuttelun ja manipuloinnin piirteitä. Terveyskasvatuksen tulisi kuitenkin pystyä ottamaan huomioon ihmisen oman toiminnan logiikka ja sisäiset preferenssit. Siihen nykyisellä terveyskasvatuksella ei ole riittäviä tiedollisia ja taidollisia edellytyksiä. Analysoidessaan terveyskasvatuksen harharetkiä artikkeli painottaa myös ihmisen psyykkisen ja fyysisen hyvinvoinnin kesken vallitsevaa kiinteää yhteyttä.
Ollako vai omistaa?
Authors: Jarvis Peter
Published: October 2020

Kirjoittajan asettama kysymys koskee kasvatuksen perimmäistä luonnetta ja sitä tarkastellaan eksistentialistisista lähtökohdista. Perusväitteenä on, että kasvatuksessa on kysymys ihmisistä ja heidän kehityksestään, kun taas tälle aikakaudelle on luonteenomaista omistaminen. Eritellessään olemisen ja omistamisen käsitteitä kirjoittaja käyttää Erich Frommin analyysia näiden kahden olemassaolon muodosta. Kirjoittajan mukaan kasvatus on ratkaisemattomien ongelmien edessä mukautuessaan nyky-yhteiskunnan tunnuspiirteisiin ja palkitsemalla tiedon omistamista olemisen, korkeampien oppimistasojen ja ihmisen kehittymisen kustannuksella.
Henkilöstön kehittämisen kohteet ja tulosalueet
Authors: Varila Juha
Published: October 2020

Artikkelissa nähdään henkilöstön kehittämisen kohteina toisaalta taitotieto, toisaalta tahto. Monesti kehitystä ehkäisevät asenteet ja vakiintuneet toimintamallit kuin taitotiedon puute sinänsä. Tärkeimpinä henkilöstön kehittämisen tulosalueina kirjoittaja pitää tehokkaampaa työtehtävien suorittamista, organisaation oppimista sekä henkilöstön markkinakelpoisuuden parantamista. Artikkelissa esitetään kriittisiä arvioita henkilöstön kehittämisen teorian ja käytännön vastaavuudesta.
Työelämän aikuiskoulutusta arvioimassa
Authors: Vaherva Tapio
Published: October 2020

Artikkelissa arvioidaan eräitä viime vuosien laajojen työelämän kehittämis- ja koulutushankkeita. Kokemusten ja empiiristen tutkimushankkeiden tulosten erittelyn lisäksi artikkelissa pohdiskellaan yleisemminkin työelämän aikuiskoulutuksen laatukysymyksiä suunnittelun, toteutuksen ja arvioinnin näkökulmista. Näyttää siltä, että huolimatta parin vuosikymmenen ajan tarjolla olleista henkilöstökoulutuksen suunnittelu malleista, oppikirjoista ja kouluttajakoulutuksesta työelämän alkuiskoulutuksen toimintamallit ovat hyvin perinteiset, jopa koulumaiset. Varsinkin pienet ja keskisuuret yritykset turvautuvat edelleen varsin paljon ulkopuoliseen kurssi- ja konsulttipalveluun, vaikka kouluttajapotentiaalia löytyisi omasta talostakin.
Voks frem – mitä se meille kuuluu?
Authors: Alkio Olavi
Published: October 2020

Pohjoismaisessa yhteistyössä on usein korvikkeen maku: Se on köyhän miehen kansainvälistymistä. Rahkeet eivät pitemmälle riitä, vaikka tosiasiassa mieli palaisi perehtymään anglosaksien aikuiskasvatukseen tai Havaijin henkilöstökoulutukseen. Kuitenkin, kun aikansa on yrittänyt saada selvää ranskankielisen maailman animateur- tai anglosaksien subject matter -käsitteiden todellisesta sisällöstä, huomaa, että antavinta yhteistyö on sittenkin Skandinavian kanssa.
Antaako kansanopisto kuohita itsensä?
Authors: Tiensuu Kyllikki
Published: October 2020

Monet kansanopistot ovat olleet innolla piilottamassa ”kansanopiston” jo omasta nimestään. Sanaa on pidetty rasitteena. Nurmeksen evankelisen opiston rehtori Kyllikki Tiensuu tunnustautuu yhdeksi nimenmuuttajaksi. Nyt hän antaa kunniamaininnan kaikille niille kansanopistoille, jotka ovat säilyttäneet nimessään ”kansanopisto”. Mikä on kansanopistoille ominta omaa? Ovatko kansanopistot menettämässä omimman identiteettinsä? Antavatko kansanopistot kuohita itsensä? Kyllikki Tiensuu etsii kirjoituksessaan nykypäivän kansanopistoliikkeen onnenavaimia.
Nousukaudesta lamaan, määrästä laatuun
Authors: Saarinen Taina
Published: October 2020

Koulutuksen korkea laatu on tavoite, jonka tärkeydestä kaikki tuntuvat olevan yhtä mieltä. Yhteinen sanasto ei kuitenkaan vielä tarkoita sitä, että koulutuspoliittisen laatukeskustelun kävijät puhuisivat samasta aiheesta. Laatu on käsitteenä moniselitteinen ja saa merkityksensä sen mukaan, mitä eri intressiryhmät koulutukselta haluavat. Nykyään koulutuksen laatua näyttää kuvaavan pienenevien resurssien ja kasvavien tavoitteiden epäsuhta: halvemmalla pitäisi saada parempaa. Artikkelissa käsitellään laadun eri merkityksiä. Laatua voi tutkimuksen kyky herättää mielenkiintoa ja uusia kysymyksiä, opiskelijoiden nopea valmistuminen, riittävien ja tarkoituksenmukaisten ammattitaitojen tuottaminen, resurssien tehokas käyttö, tai opiskelijan oppimisen määrä. Erilaiset käsitykset laadusta johtavat myös erilaisiin laadun arviointimenetelmiin. Viime aikoina on esitetty työelämään sijoittumista yhdeksi koulutuksen tuloksellisuuden, tai jopa laadun, osoittimeksi. Erikoistapauksena artikkelissa käsitellään työllistymistä korkeakoulutuksen laadun kriteerinä.
Korkeakouluarviointia Suomessa
Authors: Stenqvist Pekka
Published: October 2020

Korkeakoulujen toimintaan on perinteisesti sisältynyt yksilön, siis opiskelijan, suorituksen arviointi. Korkeakouluarviointi laajemmin perustuu vaatimukseen opetuksen ja tutkimuksen tuloksellisuudesta suhteessa julkisten varojen käyttöön ja tästä seuraavaan kysymykseen tuloksellisuuden ja laadun suhteesta. Artikkelissa käydään läpi suomalaisen korkeakoulun laadunarvioinnin taustat alkaen vuodesta 1984. Kirjoittaja käsittelee kolmea keskeistä käsitettä, laadun arviointia, laadun varmistamista ja laadun valvontaa korkeakouluissa tapahtuvan laadun säätelyn osatehtävinä. Eri arviointimenetelmät käydään läpi: itsearviointi, vertaisarviointi, kokonaisarviointi sekä koulutusalan ja koulutusohjelman arviointi sekä tarkastellaan, mitä ja miten niitä on sovellettu suomalaisen korkeakouluarviointiin kuluvalla vuosikymmenellä. Lopuksi kirjoittaja tarkastelee saatuja kokemuksia arviointityöstä.
Ajankohtaista
Authors: Toimituskunta
Published: October 2020

Kenestä Vuoden aikuiskasvattaja? ; Aikuiskoulutus Suomessa ilmestyy valtakielillä ; Tutkimusseurassa vaihtui esimies ; Työministeriö tutkii työvoima-koulutuksen vaikuttavuutta ; Suomalainen aikuiskoulutus yhtenäiseksi selvitykseksi
Asiantuntijaorganisaation täytyy selvittää suhteensa tietotekniikkaan
Authors: Stachon Kari
Published: October 2020

Tietotekniikan käyttöönotto on merkinnyt murrosta työpaikoilla. Tämä merkitsee koulutusvaatimuksia sekä yksittäisille työntekijöille että organisaation johdolle. Tietotekniikan käyttö voi olla sekä hallittua että hallitsematonta, yksi apuneuvo hallittuun muutokseen on koulutus. Koulutusta ei voi järjestää tiedostamatta organisaation päämääriä ja sisäistä rakennetta. Tavoitteena tulee olla reflektiivinen, asiantuntijanomainen organisaatio, jossa organisaation tosiasiallinen tehokkuus ylittäisi muodolliset toimintatavat.
Ajankohtaista
Authors: Toimituskunta
Published: October 2020

Tekstiilitöitä taidolla ja sydämellä ; FINTRA tutkii yritysten kielitaitoa ja -tarvetta ; Yhteispelillä sujuvaan ryhmätyöhön
VOKS UT -kokemukset monentuvat luovasti
Authors: Kajanto Anneli
Published: October 2020

Pohjoismaiden aikuiskoulutusverkosto VOKS UT kehitti toimintansa aikana yleisen ja ammatillisen aikuiskoulutuksen välisiä suhteita. Verkoston (1991–1993) kohderyhmiksi asetettiin työttömät, lyhyen koulutuksen saaneet, naiset ja maahanmuuttajat.
Kokeilu toimi siten, että kustakin pohjoismaasta verkostoon liittyi 1–2 kokeiluhanketta ja kokemuksia eriteltiin yhteisissä pohjoismaisissa seminaareissa. Vaikka VOKS UT on päättynyt, se poikii kaiken aikaa ideoiden vaihtoa, bilateraalista yhteistyötä ja yhteisiä projekteja. Organisaatioiden ja henkilöiden väliset yhteydet elävät.
Eri pohjoismaiden ammatillisen aikuiskoulutuksen kehittämiskokeilut on esitelty Dialogi-lehden erityisnumerossa ”VOKS UT – pohjoismainen aikuiskoulutuksen kehittämisverkosto, loppuraportti” 2/1994. Raporttia saa maksutta Kansanvalistusseurasta. Tässä Aikuiskasvatuksen verkostonumerossa kerrotaan tarkemmin ainoastaan suomalaisista projekteista.
Eurooppalainen verkottuminen etäopetuksessa
Authors: Auvinen Ari-Matti , Larjomaa Ilkka
Published: October 2020

Euroopassa on perinteisesti ollut koulutuksen ja tutkimuksen alueella monia korkeatasoisia osaamisen keskuksia. Näiden yksiköiden ongelmana on kuitenkin usein ollut – kansainvälisesti tarkasteltuna – pienehkö koko ja etenkin yhteistyön puute muiden eurooppalaisten osaamiskeskusten kanssa. Toinen vallitseva piirre monissa Euroopan maissa on ollut yliopistojen ja tutkimuslaitosten satunnainen yhteistyö yritysten kanssa.
Monet Euroopan unionin piirissä 1980-luvulla käynnistetyt ohjelmat ovat pyrkineet lisäämään sekä eri maissa toimivien osaamiskeskusten keskinäistä yhteistyötä että yliopistojen ja tutkimuslaitosten yhteistyötä yritysten ja julkisen hallinnon kanssa.
Eräiden raporttien ja EU:n työohjelmien taustamuistiot korostavat määrätietoista panostamista avoimen opetuksen ja etäopetuksen kehittämiseen sekä uuden teknologian hyödyntämiseen koulutusmateriaalien tuottamisessa ja levittämisessä. Euroopan tasolla esteitä ovat mm. standardien puute, monimuoto-opetuksessa tuotteiden korkea yksikköhinta sekä eri etäopetuksen tuotteiden korkea käyttökynnys.
The Effectiveness Of The Let’s Exercise Fundamental Movement Skills Model On Children With Mild Intellectual Disabilitys In Special Need Education Of Palembang
Authors: Kesumawati Selvi Atesya Atesya , Fahritsani Husni , Asri Novri , Pratiwi Endang
Published: October 2020

This study aims to produce and test the effectiveness of the fundamental movement skills (FMS) learning model product, let's exercise on students with mild intellectual disability (ID) in primary special need education (SDLB) Palembang City. This research took place in 2018 before the pandemic Covid-19 era. The subjects of the small group trial were 10 students and 4 teachers, and the subjects for the large group trial were 23 students and 4 teachers for grade 1 in 3rd  SDLB serving children with ID in Palembang City. The data analysis technique used the z test effectiveness test (parameter) and the Wilcoxon test (non parameter). The results showed that the large group trial data for aspects of basic movement skills, cognitive abilities, pleasure (fun), and focus of attention obtained an average value of trial 2 greater than trial 1, as well as the z-count value of the lets exercise model of play activity is greater. from the z-table value (1.96), so the difference is significant. So it can be concluded that the game model lets exercise be effective for improving FMS, cognitive abilities, pleasure, and focus on attention of grade 1 students with mild ID in SDLB.
Cytochrome p-450 and VKORC1 genetic polymorphisms in nenets - an indigenous ethnic group in the Arctic
Authors: Vorobyeva N. A. , Vorobyeva A. I.
Published: October 2020

Resilience of indigenous ethnic groups to adverse climatic conditions of the Arctic is genetically determined. Moreover, genes determine the ability to metabolize environmental substances. This warrants research on ethnic variations in cytochrome P-450 and VKORC1 genetic polimorphisms with further going aim to develop personalized pharmacotherapy for the indigenous ethnic groups living in the Arctic. The aim was to study the prevalence of genotypes and allelic variants in CYP2C9, CYP2C19, VKORC1 genes in Nenets - an indigenous ethnic group in the Arctic. (n = 32) under conditions of permanent island living. Methods. A total population (n = 32) of the Vaygach island (70°01' N 59°33' E) participated in a cross-sectional study. Peripheral venous blood samples were taken. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral venous blood leukocytes using the express method. Results. SS genotype was the most common variant (90.63 %) of the CYP2C9*2 (rs1799853) gene. AA genotype of the CYP2C9*3 (rs1057910) gene was detected in 100 % cases. GG and GA genotypes of the VKORC1 G3730A (rs7294) gene were detected in 56.3 % and 43.7 % of cases, respectively, while no homozygous allelic polymorphism for the pathological allele was found. Conclusions. The study provides the evidence on the prevalence of genotypes and allelic variants in CYP2C9, CYP2C19, VKORC1 genes in Nenets of the Vaygach island. Replication of these results in other Nenets populations is warranted.
Spatio-temporal variation of sediment properties reveals missing trophic links for deposit-feeding crabs in sandy shore food webs
Authors: Hui TY , Williams GA
Published: October 2020

Quantifying trophic relationships among basal food sources and primary consumers is essential to our understanding of food web structure and dynamics, but is challenging in soft shore systems where the variety of potential food sources often masks the actual pathways of energy flow. To elucidate trophic relationships among basal food sources and primary consumers, we assessed the diet composition of a deposit-feeding crab,Scopimera intermedia, an abundant primary consumer inhabiting tropical shores, using direct enumeration and stable isotope techniques. Stable isotope analyses revealed that meiofauna accounted for the majority of the crab’s diet (nematodes reaching 43% in median proportion) compared to, at most, 11% contributed by microphytobenthos (MPB). Although the abundances of MPB and meiofauna varied, meiofauna dominated over MPB in the crab’s diet at different sites and seasons. Such an important role of meiofauna in consumer diets contrasts with previous studies on sediment food webs, where MPB has often been proposed as the most plausible primary food source. The relative roles of meiofauna and MPB as food sources are, however, likely to be mediated by local physical environments. Sediment particle size, for example, is more coarse higher on the shore, where the larger interstitial spaces enable colonization of meiofauna but will limit large, motile MPB due to increased photostress. The trophic importance of commonly assumed primary food sources may thus be modified by environmental physical stress and, as a result, the role of intermediate trophic links in modulating food web dynamics should not be neglected.
Reverse Endoventricular Artificial Obturator in Tricuspid Valve Position. Experimental Feasibility Research Study
Authors: SOCHMAN J. , PEREGRIN J. H. , PAVCNIK D. , UCHIDA B. T. , TIMMERMANS H. A. , SEDMERA D. , BENADA O. , KOFRONOVA O. , KELLER F. S. , ROSCH J.
Published: October 2020

The concept of vena contracta space reduction in tricuspid valve position was tested in an animal model. Feasibility of specific artificial obturator body (REMOT) fixed to the right ventricular apex and interacting with tricuspid valve leaflets was evaluated in three different animal studies. Catheter-based technique was used in three series of experiment in 7 sheep. First acute study was designed for evaluation if the screwing mode of guide wire anchoring to the right ventricular apex is feasible for the whole REMOT body fixing. Longer study was aimed to evaluate stability of the REMOT body in desired position when fixing the screwing wire on its both ends (to the right ventricular apex and to the skin in the neck area). X-ray methods and various morphological methods were used. The third acute study was intended to the REMOT body deployment without any fixing wire. In all of 7 sheep the REMOT was successfully inserted into the right heart cavities and then fixed to the right ventricular apex area. When the REMOT was left in situ more than 6 months it was stable, induced adhesion to the tricuspid valve leaflet and was associated with a specific cell invasion. Releasing of the REMOT from the guiding tools was also successfully verified. Deployment of the obturator body in the aim to reduce the tricuspid valve orifice is feasible and well tolerated in the short and longer term animal model. Specific cell colonization including neovascularization of the obturator body was observed.
Pharmacogenetic Analysis of Captopril Effects on Blood Pressure: Possible Role of the Ednrb (Endothelin Receptor Type B) Candidate Gene
Authors: ZICHA J. , DOBEŠOVÁ Z. , ZÍDEK V. , ŠILHAVÝ J. , ŠIMÁKOVÁ M. , MLEJNEK P. , VANĚČKOVÁ I. , KUNEŠ J. , PRAVENEC M.
Published: October 2020

The objective of the current study was to search for genetic determinants associated with antihypertensive effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor captopril. Linkage and correlation analyses of captopril-induced effects on blood pressure (BP) with renal transcriptome were performed in the BXH/HXB recombinant inbred (RI) strains derived from spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) and Brown Norway (BN-Lx) progenitors. Variability of blood pressure lowering effects of captopril among RI strains was continuous suggesting a polygenic mode of inheritance. Linkage analysis of captopril-induced BP effects revealed a significant quantitative trait locus (QTL) on chromosome 15. This QTL colocalized with cis regulated expression QTL (eQTL) for the Ednrb (endothelin receptor type B) gene in the kidney (SHR allele was associated with increased renal expression) and renal expression of Ednrb correlated with captopril-induced BP effects. These results suggest that blood pressure lowering effects of ACE inhibitor captopril may be modulated by the variants at the Ednrb locus.
An Assessment of Sleep Duration and Determinants of Health in a Cross-Sectional Sample of Gynecologic Cancer Survivors in Los Angeles County
Authors: Hembrick Ma’at , Conner Makala , Tarleton Heather
Published: October 2020

Cancer survivors have an increased risk of treatment-related deficits in physical health and low health-related quality of life. In this cross-sectional study, a health questionnaire was mailed to women from the Los Angeles County Cancer Surveillance Program aged 45-70 and diagnosed with cervical, endometrial, or ovarian cancer in 2005-2014. Of the 5,941 surveys with valid postal addresses, 586 (10%) were completed and returned. The average age of respondents was 66 years old, and 36% identified as non-white. Non-white respondents were less likely to have a college degree (p<0.001), more likely to sleep for less than seven hours each night (p<0.001), experience bodily pain (p<0.001), and have a diagnosis of cervical cancer (p=0.002), when compared to white respondents. Health behaviors and determinants were examined across cervical, endometrial, and ovarian cancer cases. Cervical cancer survivors reported sleeping less than 7 hours per night, on average (p=0.015). Race was associated with sleep duration among endometrial (p=0.002) and ovarian (p=0.003) cancer survivors. Menopausal status was associated with the relationship between race and sleep duration (p<0.001). Depression was inversely related to sleep duration (p = 0.022) but was not associated with race, menopausal status, time since treatment, physical activity, or cancer type. Postmenopausal cervical cancer survivors reported a moderate concern about fall risk compared to their premenopausal counterparts (p=0.048). Physical activity levels increased as time since treatment increased (p=0.003) regardless of cancer type. Race, menopausal status, depression, and cancer type impacted the sleep duration.
KEYWORDS: Health Disparities; Sleep Duration; Depression; Gynecologic Cancers; Survivorship Care
Microfibers in Mytilus species(Mollusca, Bivalvia)from Southern California Harbors, Beaches, and Supermarkets
Authors: Mankin Chloe , Huvard Andrea
Published: October 2020

Plastic microfibers are an emerging threat to terrestrial and aquatic habitats worldwide. They are equivalent in size to planktonic organisms, making them available to a range of invertebrates. Bivalve mollusks can ingest and accumulate plastics via digestion and adherence to soft tissue. We determined the frequency and characteristics of microfiber pollution from wild Mytilus californianus and farmed Mytilus edulis populations that were collected from southern California harbors, beaches, and supermarkets (n=4 per site). Mussel organic matter was dissected using 30% H2O2. After adding a saline solution to separate the fibers, the liquid was filtered by vacuum filtration. The remaining fibers were examined with a magnification of 1~8x. In this short-term survey, the abundance of microfibers by sample and by shell length showed a significant difference between the harbor and beach sites. However, there was not a significant difference between the wild and farmed mussels examined. This study revealed widespread microfiber pollution and uptake by mussels in these locations and reinforces how bivalves can be used as a bioindicator of microfiber pollution.
KEYWORDS: Microplastic; Microfiber; Mytilus; Biomonitoring; Bivalvia; Seafood; Human Health
A Brief History and Overview of Existential-Phenomenological Psychology
Authors: Zieske Christopher
Published: October 2020

This article surveys the background and theory of the existential-phenomenological approach to psychology, with a particular focus on its reception in the United States. The article begins with a discussion of what exactly existential-phenomenological psychology is, including the theories underlying this approach and its basic practices. The article then discusses how the approach developed, including its roots in the philosophies of existentialism and phenomenology, its first appearances in Europe, its globalization, and finally its arrival in the U.S. The article then discusses struggles that the existential-phenomenological movement in psychology is currently facing and the concerns of those involved in the movement for its future. Finally, the article closes on a summary of all the information presented as well as of the contributions to the field of psychology that it and the existential-phenomenological movement can make.
KEYWORDS: Existentialism; Phenomenology; Psychology; United States; Existential Psychology; Phenomenological Psychology; Existential Psychotherapy; Philosophy of Psychology