bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Humanism, Illness, and Elective Death
Authors: Metzger James
Published: September 2016

The author offers a defense for elective death on utilitarian grounds, but one that is presented specifically from the perspective of someone who: 1) faces a potentially terminal illness and diminishing quality of life; 2) views death as nothing more than a return to prenatal nonbeing; and 3) maintains common humanist ethical commitments. The argument, then, is uniquely situated and limited in scope, rooted both in the particulars of his recent experience with a rheumatic autoimmune illness and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma as well as in a worldview shaped largely by emerging narratives in the sciences. Drawing upon the work of J.S. Mill and P. Singer, the author begins by assuming that one is generally free to act on a preference for nonbeing so long as others are not unduly harmed or thwarted in pursuing their own aims as a result. But a humanist, he suggests, ideally ought to press beyond this minimum criterion and do one’s best to maximize eudaimonia by carefully weighing how elective death would likely affect others to whom one is currently obligated in significant ways. The focus of one’s ethical reasoning, then, should remain on maximizing well-being and minimizing harm, not on creating a logical flawless and internally coherent defense that may satisfy a set of abstract or universally applicable criteria drawn up by others in an effort to define precisely what might render a given suicide “rational” or “morally permissible.”
Defecography by digital radiography: experience in clinical practice
Authors: Gonçalves Amanda Nogueira de Sá , Sala Marco Aurélio Sousa , Bruno Rodrigo Ciotola , Xavier José Alberto Cunha , Indiani João Mauricio Canavezi , Martin Marcelo Fontalvo , Bruno Paulo Maurício Chagas , Nacif Marcelo Souto
Published: September 2016

Abstract Objective: The objective of this study was to profile patients who undergo defecography, by age and gender, as well as to describe the main imaging and diagnostic findings in this population. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective, descriptive study of 39 patients, conducted between January 2012 and February 2014. The patients were evaluated in terms of age, gender, and diagnosis. They were stratified by age, and continuous variables are expressed as mean ± standard deviation. All possible quantitative defecography variables were evaluated, including rectal evacuation, perineal descent, and measures of the anal canal. Results: The majority (95%) of the patients were female. Patient ages ranged from 18 to 82 years (mean age, 52 ± 13 years): 10 patients were under 40 years of age; 18 were between 40 and 60 years of age; and 11 were over 60 years of age. All 39 of the patients evaluated had abnormal radiological findings. The most prevalent diagnoses were rectocele (in 77%) and enterocele (in 38%). Less prevalent diagnoses were vaginal prolapse, uterine prolapse, and Meckel's diverticulum (in 2%, for all). Conclusion: Although defecography is performed more often in women, both genders can benefit from the test. Defecography can be performed in order to detect complex disorders such as uterine and rectal prolapse, as well as to detect basic clinical conditions such as rectocele or enterocele.
Assessment of antibiotic prophylaxis in surgical patients at the Gaffrée e Guinle University Hospital.
Authors: GOUVÊA MARISE , NOVAES CRISTIANE DE OLIVEIRA , IGLESIAS ANTONIO CARLOS
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT Objective : to evaluate the antibiotic prophylaxis in surgical patients at the Gaffrée e Guinle University Hospital - HUGG. Methods : we conducted a rospective study of a cohort of 256 patients undergoing elective operations between January and September 2014. We collected data on demographics, use or not of prophylactic antibiotic and the antibiotic prophylaxis following characteristics: type of antibiotic used, moment of administration and duration of postoperative use. The analyzed outcomes were "justified use or non-use of antibiotic prophylaxis", "correct antibiotic choice," "administration of the antibiotic at the right time" and "discontinuation of the antibiotic at the right time." Results : antibiotic prophylaxis was used in 91.8% of cases. The use or non-use of antibiotic prophylaxis was justified in 78.9% of patients, the choice of the administered antibiotic was considered correct in 97.9%, antibiotic administration was made at the right time in only 27.2% of patients and discontinuation of the antibiotic was performed at the correct time in 95.7% of cases. Conclusion : the surgical antibiotic prophylaxis was not fully adequately performed in the sample.
Mirizzi syndrome grades III and IV: surgical treatment
Authors: REVERDITO RONALD , MORICZ ANDRÉ DE , CAMPOS TÉRCIO DE , PACHECO JÚNIOR ADHEMAR MONTEIRO , SILVA RODRIGO ALTENFELDER
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT Objective : to evaluate the epidemiology and outcomes of surgical treatment of patients with Mirizzi Syndrome (MS) grades III and IV, the most advanced according to Csendes classification. Methods : we conducted a retrospective, cross-sectional study by reviewing records of thirteen patients with grades III and IV MS operated from December 2001 to September 2013, among the 3,691 cholecystectomies performed in the period. Results : the incidence of MS was 0.6% (23 cases) and grades III and IV amounted to 0.35% of this number. There was a predominance of type IV (12 cases). The preoperative diagnosis was possible in 53.8% of cases. The preferred approach was biliary-digestive derivation (10 cases), and "T" tube drainage with suture of the bile duct was the choice in three special occasions. Three patients had biliary fistula resolved with clinical management, and one coliperitoneum case required reoperation. In the outpatient follow-up of patients who underwent biliodigestive anastomosis (eight), 50% are asymptomatic, 25% had anastomotic stricture and 25% lost follow-up. The mean follow-up was 41.8 months. Conclusion : MS in advanced degrees has low incidence, preoperative diagnosis in only half of cases, and has the biliodigestive anastomosis as the best conduct, but not without morbidity.
Clinical-epidemiological profile of acute appendicitis: retrospective analysis of 638 cases
Authors: LIMA AMANDA PEREIRA , VIEIRA FELIPE JOSÉ , OLIVEIRA GABRIELA PROCÓPIO DE MORAES , RAMOS PLÍNIO DOS SANTOS , AVELINO MARIELLE ELISA , PRADO FELIPE GARCIA , JÚNIOR GILSON SALOMÃO , SILVA FRANCISCO CAMPOS , RODRIGUES JOÃO VICENTE LINHARES
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT Objective: to describe the clinical and epidemiological profile of acute appendicitis (AA) of the patients treated at a referral center in the Juiz de Fora macro-region, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Methods: we conducted a retrospective, observational study in the Dr. Mozart Geraldo TeixeiraEmergency Hospital. We selected 638 patients diagnosed with AA, and analyzed the variables gender, age, evolutionary phase, length of hospital stay, pathological diagnosis, use of antibiotics, use of drains, complications and mortality. Results: AA was more prevalent in young adults (19-44 years) and males (65.20%). The mean hospital stay was seven days and phase II was the most prevalent. We found the histopathological diagnosis of primary tumor of the appendix in six patients (0.94%), adenocarcinoma being the most common histologic type (66.7%). Regarding the use of antibiotics, 196 patients underwent antibiotic prophylaxis and 306 received antibiotic therapy. Eighty-one patients used some kind of drain, for an average of 4.8 days. Seventeen patients died (2.67%), predominantly males (70.59%), with mean age of 38.47 years. Conclusion: AA has a higher prevalence in males and young adults. The length of stay is directly associated with the evolutionary phase. The most common complication is infection of the surgical site. Mortality in our service is still high when compared with developed centers.
Robotic-assisted modified retroauricular cervical approach: initial experience in Latin America
Authors: CHULAM THIAGO CELESTINO , LIRA RENAN BEZERRA , KOWALSKI LUIZ PAULO
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT Objective: to evaluate the thickness of the gastric wall at the time of intra gastric balloon (IGB) placement, at the time of its withdrawal and one month after withdrawal. Methods: fifteen morbidly obese patients underwent the introduction of IGB under general anesthesia. In all patients, there was infusion of 500ml of distilled water in the balloon for the test. Measurements of the thickness of the gastric wall were made in the antrum, body and proximal body, using a radial echoendoscope with a frequency of 12MHz and maximum zoom, and its own balloon inflated with 5ml of distilled water. Results: the presence of IGB led to increased wall thickness of the gastric body by expanding the muscle layer. These changes were apparently transient, since 30 days after the balloon withdrawal there was a tendency to return of the wall thickness values observed before the balloon insertion. Conclusion: the use of intragastric balloon for the treatment of obesity determines transient increase in the wall thickness of the gastric body caused by expanded muscle layer.
IMPROVEMENT IN OXIDATIVE STRESS AFTER DUODENOJEJUNOSTOMY IN AN EXPERIMENTAL MODEL OF TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors: WIETZYCOSKI Cacio Ricardo , MARCHESINI João Caetano Dallegrave , AL-THEMYAT Sultan , MEYER Fabiola Shons , TRINDADE Manoel Roberto Maciel
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT Background: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is a multifactorial syndrome with severe complications. Oxidative stress is accepted as a causal factor of chronic complications Aim: To demonstrate alterations in oxidative stress after metabolic surgery. Methods: Twenty-four 2-day-old Wistar rats were used. In 16, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus was induced by 100 mg/kg streptozotocin injection. The development of diabetes was confirmed after 10 weeks using an oral glucose tolerance test. Eight diabetic rats composed the diabetic surgical group; the remaining eight composed the diabetic group. Eight animals in which diabetes was not induced formed the clinical control group. The Marchesini technique was used in the diabetic surgical group. After 90 days, the rats were sacrificed, and the oxidative stress markers were measured. Results: Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, superoxide dismutase and catalase were significantly reduced in the diabetic surgical group compared to the diabetic group. Conclusion: The duodenojejunostomy was effective in controlling the exacerbated oxidative stress present in diabetic rats.
COMPLICATIONS RELATED TO GASTRIC BYPASS PERFORMED WITH DIFFERENT GASTROJEJUNAL DIAMETERS
Authors: SAMPAIO-NETO José , BRANCO-FILHO Alcides José , NASSIF Luis Sérgio , BROSKA Anne Caroline , KAMEI Douglas Jun , NASSIF André Thá
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT Background: Among the options for surgical treatment of obesity, the most widely used has been the Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. The gastrojejunal anastomosis can be accomplished in two ways: handsewn or using circular and linear stapled. The complications can be divided in early and late. Aim: To compare the incidence of early complications related with the handsewn gastrojejunal anastomosis in gastric bypass using Fouchet catheter with different diameters. Method: The records of 732 consecutive patients who had undergone the bypass were retrospectively analyzed and divided in two groups, group 1 with 12 mm anastomosis (n=374), and group 2 with 15 mm (n=358). Results: The groups showed anastomotic stenosis with rates of 11% and 3.1% respectively, with p=0.05. Other variables related to the anastomosis were also analyzed, but without statistical significance (p>0.05). Conclusion: The diameter of the anastomosis of 15 mm was related with lower incidence of stenosis. It was found that these patients had major bleeding postoperatively and lower surgical site infection, and in none was observed presence of anastomotic leak.
EVALUATION OF THE THORACOABDOMINAL MOBILITY OF OBESE SUBJECTS IN PRE-BARIATRIC SURGERY
Authors: VELOSO Ana Paula Limongi Richardelli , CUSMANICH Karla Garcez
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT Background: Obesity can affect the thorax, diaphragm, and alterations in respiratory function even if the lungs are within normality. The respiratory compliance is very reduced by the increase in fat mass. Aim: To evaluate the effect of the physical therapeutic respiratory exercises on the thoracoabdominal mobility of obese individuals in pre-bariatric surgery Methods: Cross-sectional and descriptive study, which used the cirtometry (axillary, xiphoid and abdominal) to evaluate the mobility of 74 individuals, 27 men and 47 women, in pre-bariatric surgery, assisted by the team EMAD, after eight weeks of physiotherapy, following a protocol of exercises, reevaluating and compared the measures pre and post intervention. Results: Had positive correlation abdominal mobility in the total volume of all participants (p=0.010) and also for all the measures in the measurement of residual volume in three levels (p=0.000). Comparing genders, in total volume, cirtometry abdominal greater for women (p=0.015) when compared to men and residual volume, significance for either men or women in all measurements (p=0.000). Conclusion: Obese patients that underwent the physiotherapeutic treatment during the preoperative period, had pré respiratory dynamics improved by the increase in the mobility of the chest cavity and by the improvement of respiratory conscience.
EARLY POSTOPERATIVE COMPLICATIONS IN ROUX-EN-Y GASTRIC BYPASS
Authors: STOLL Aluisio , ROSIN Leandro , DIAS Mariana Fernandes , MARQUIOTTI Bruna , GUGELMIN Giovana , STOLL Gabriela Fanezzi
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT Background: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass is one of the most common bariatric surgery and leads to considerable weight loss in the first months. Aim: To quantify the main early postoperative complications in patients submitted to the gastric bypass. Method: Observational retrospective cohort. Data of 1051 patients with class II obesity associated with comorbidities or class III obesity submitted to the gastric bypass with 30 days of follow-up starting from the date of the surgery. Results: The age average was 36 years with a predominance of females (81.1%). The mean preoperative body mass index was 43 kg/m². The major complication was fistula (2.3%), followed by intestinal obstruction (0.5%) and pulmonary embolism (0.5%). Death occurred in 0.6% of the cases. Conclusion: In the period of 30 days after surgery the overall complication rate was 3.8%; reoperation was necessary in 2.6% and death occurred in 0.6%. Fistula was the main complication and the leading cause of hospitalization in intensive care unit, reoperation and death.
PROPOSAL OF A REVISIONAL SURGERY TO TREAT SEVERE NUTRITIONAL DEFICIENCY POST-GASTRIC BYPASS
Authors: SAMPAIO-NETO José , BRANCO-FILHO Alcides José , NASSIF Luis Sérgio , NASSIF André Thá , MASI Flávia David João De , GASPERIN Graciany
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT Background The gastric bypass has nutritional and electrolyte disturbances rate of approximately 17%. The most common deficits are protein malnutrition, ferric and zinc, in addition to the vitamin. Although rare, some malnutrition stages reach such severity that ends up being necessary hospitalization and sometimes revisional or reversal surgical procedures. Aim: To present a proposal of surgical revision for treatment of severe malnutrition after bariatric surgery. Methods: The procedure is to reconstitute the food transit through the duodenum and proximal jejunum, keeping the gastric bypass restrictive component. As an additional strategy, the gastric fundus resection is performed, aiming to intensify the suppression of the greline and avoiding excessive weight regain. Results: After initial stabilization, nutritional and electrolytic support, the procedure was performed in two patients as definitive treatment of malnutrition status. Good results were observed at one year follow up. Conclusion: As improvement option and/or resolution of the nutritional alterations, surgical therapy is one of the alternatives. There is still no consensus on the surgical technique to be performed. This procedure is based on pathophysiological factors for the treatment of this condition, with good initial results, without significant clinical alterations. Longer follow-up will determine its effectiveness.
THE ROLE OF METABOLIC SURGERY FOR PATIENTS WITH OBESITY GRADE I AND TYPE 2 DIABETES NOT CONTROLLED CLINICALLY
Authors: CAMPOS Josemberg , RAMOS Almino , SZEGO Thomaz , ZILBERSTEIN Bruno , FEITOSA Heládio , COHEN Ricardo
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT Introduction Even considering the advance of the medical treatment in the last 20 years with new and more effective drugs, the outcomes are still disappointing as the control of obesity and type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) with a large number of patients under the medical treatment still not reaching the desired outcomes. Objective: To present a Metabolic Risk Score to better guide the surgical indication for T2DM patients with body mass index (BMI) where surgery for obesity is still controversial. Method: Research was conducted in Pubmed, Medline, Pubmed Central, Scielo and Lilacs between 2003-2015 correlating headings: metabolic surgery, obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. In addition, representatives of the societies involved, as an expert panel, issued opinions. Results: Forty-five related articles were analyzed by evidence-based medicine criteria. Grouped opinions sought to answer the following questions: Why metabolic and not bariatric surgery?; Mechanisms involved in glycemic control; BMI as a single criterion for surgical indication for uncontrolled T2DM; Results of metabolic surgery studies in BMI<35 kg/m2; Safety of metabolic surgery in patients with BMI<35 kg/m2; Long-term effects of surgery in patients with baseline BMI<35 kg/m2 and Proposal for a Metabolic Risk Score. Conclusion: Metabolic surgery has well-defined mechanisms of action both in experimental and human studies. Gastrointestinal interventions in T2DM patients with IMC≤35 kg/m2 has similar safety and efficacy when compared to groups with greater BMIs, leading to the improvement of diabetes in a superior manner than clinical treatment and lifestyle changes, in part through weight loss independent mechanisms . There is no correlation between baseline BMI and weight loss in the long term with the success rate after any surgical treatment. Gastrointestinal surgery treatment may be an option for patients with T2DM without adequate clinical control, with a BMI between 30 and 35, after thorough evaluation following the parameters detailed in Metabolic Risk Score defined by the surgical societies. Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), because of its well known safety and efficacy and longer follow-up studies, is the main surgical technique indicated for patients eligible for surgery through the Metabolic Risk Score. The vertical sleeve gastrectomy may be considered if there is an absolute contraindication for the RYGB. T2DM patients should be evaluated by the multiprofessional team that will assess surgical eligibility, preoperative work up, follow up and long term monitoring for micro and macrovascular complications.
THE ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION IS AMENDED AFTER BARIATRIC SURGERY? AN INTEGRATIVE REVIEW
Authors: GREGORIO Valeria Duarte , LUCCHESE Roselma , VERA Ivânia , SILVA Graciele C. , SILVA Andrecia , MORAES Rayrane Clarah Chaveiro
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT Background Bariatric surgery has been an alternative when conservative methods of weight loss fail. Patients undergoing bariatric surgery have an increased risk of up to 6.5% of problems related to alcohol Objective: Integrative review out to analyze the change of alcohol consumption in this public Method: Database was accessed from June of 2015 to January of 2016 by searching "bariatric surgery" AND "alcoholism", and their Portuguese equivalents. ScienceDirect, PubMed, Lilacs and Medline, besides manual search, were searched. To be included, the paper should have been published between 2005-2016 and related to bariatric surgery and alcoholism. Theses, dissertations, unpublished papers, case reports and theoretical studies were excluded, and a database was subsequently composed Results: In 2005 there was only a review of change in alcohol metabolism in patients undergoing bariatric surgery. There were no publications in 2006. In 2007, only one study was published, and it did not meet the inclusion criteria. In 2010, there was an increase of 13% in publications and of 20% in 2012, reaching 40% in 2013 Conclusion: The prevalence and incidence of alcohol consumption in relation to the postoperative time was six months to three years with higher incidence for follow-up treatment by men. Roux-en-Y gastric bypass showed greater association with increased consumption of alcohol during the postoperative period. Alcohol consumption proved to be essential to be faced in bariatric surgery.
SLEEVE GASTRECTOMY IN PATIENTS WITH MORBID OBESITY AND HIV
Authors: PINTO José Máximo Costa , LIMA Marianna Gomes Cavalcanti Leite de , ALMEIDA Ana Luiza Melo Cavalcanti de , SOUSA Marcelo Gonçalves
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT Introduction: It is estimated that there are nearly 40 million people with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) worldwide. Due to the advent of antiretroviral drugs, it has been observed increasing in obesity and metabolic rates among patients undergoing treatment. Thus, numerous surgical therapies for weight loss are proposed for continuous improvement in health of patients with HIV, being the vertical gastrectomy an option for intact intestinal transit. Objective: To evaluate the applicability of the vertical gastrectomy in patients with morbid obesity and HIV. Methods: Was conducted a systematic review of the literature, in the electronic databases Scopus, Pubmed, Cinahl, Scielo, Cochrane and Lilacs, from 1998 to 2015. MeSH headings used in data collection were "Gastrectomy" and "Morbid obesity" being combined with the descriptor "HIV". Were found 2148 articles in Scopus, 1234 in PubMed and 784 in Cinahl. The articles were analyzed by the Jadad Quality Scale, being reduced to 40 articles, subsequently reassessed using an elaborated form by the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP), reaching 12 articles in the end. Conclusion: It was found that vertical gastrectomy constitutes a safe and effective method, with low mortality and low rate of postoperative complications, being recommended as surgical technique in patients with obesity, HIV and comorbidities.
Preparação de compósitos alumina-mulita de baixo custo via sinterização reativa entre uma argila caulinítica da Paraíba e hidróxido de alumínio
Authors: Medeiros S. G. , Dutra R. P. S. , Grilo J. P. F. , Martinelli A. E. , Paskocimas C. A. , Macedo D. A.
Published: September 2016

Resumo Este estudo aborda os efeitos do processamento na microestrutura e nas propriedades de compósitos alumina-mulita via sinterização reativa de uma mistura argila caulinítica e hidróxido de alumínio. Amostras prensadas a 40 MPa foram sinterizadas entre 1300 e 1600 °C. As propriedades tecnológicas foram determinadas em função da temperatura de sinterização. A avaliação das fases cristalinas e da microestrutura foi realizada por difração de raios X e microscopia eletrônica. Os resultados indicaram a obtenção de mulita e alumina a partir de 1300 °C. Para sinterizações acima de 1450 °C foram obtidos valores de porosidade aparente inferiores a 0,8% e tensão de ruptura à flexão superior a 40 MPa. Amostras com morfologia bimodal (grãos equiaxiais e alongados) e resistência mecânica de 70 MPa foram obtidas após sinterização a 1600 °C. Este estudo demonstra a possibilidade de preparar compósitos alumina-mulita de baixo custo e com propriedades tecnológicas compatíveis com as de cerâmicas produzidas por companhias com grande atuação no mercado internacional de produtos refratários.
Síntese do cerato de bário pelo método de complexação combinando EDTA-citrato e avaliação catalítica na oxidação do monóxido de carbono testada em reator de leito fixo
Authors: Lobato M. F. , Santos A. G. dos , Vital A. B. , Souza C. P. de
Published: September 2016

Resumo A perovskita de cerato de bário foi sintetizada com base no método de complexação combinando EDTA-citrato e suas propriedades catalíticas testadas na reação de oxidação do monóxido de carbono em um reator de leito fixo variando a vazão de alimentação (50 e 100 mL.min-1) e a temperatura (100 a 550 °C). A fase cristalina de interesse foi obtida com tamanho de cristalito de 133 nm, junto com uma pequena quantidade de BaCO3 (3%). Quando sintetizado pelo método de complexação combinando EDTA-citrato, o cerato de bário apresenta um formato esférico irregular com aglomerados de diferentes tamanhos e com a presença de poros de diferentes tamanhos distribuídos aleatoriamente, sendo sua área superficial específica igual a 2,61 m2.g-1. Na vazão de 50 mL.min-1 ocorreu maior conversão quando comparado com a de 100 mL.min-1, sendo mais evidente entre 300 e 400 °C. Além disso, na vazão de 50 mL.min-1 ocorreu conversão total de CO em CO2 a 400 °C, enquanto que em 100 mL.min-1 a conversão foi de aproximadamente 60%. Com o uso da perovskita como catalisador o processo de oxidação é completo a 400 °C, enquanto que na reação sem catalisador a conversão completa é alcançada somente a 550 °C. Apesar da sua pequena área superficial, o BaCeO3 é altamente reativo na oxidação do monóxido de carbono.
Elaboration of porous gehlenite and anorthite based ceramics using low price raw materials
Authors: Zenikheri F. , Harabi A. , Boudaira B. , Bouzerara F. , Guechi A. , Barama S.-E. , Foughali L. , Karboua N.
Published: September 2016

Abstract Porous ceramics of good quality cost a lot in the world market, which has limited their use in developing countries. This is why this work was mainly devoted to prepare low-cost and good quality ceramics, using kaolin (DD2 type) and calcite (CaCO3) available in abundance in Algeria. Based on previous results, 28 wt% CaCO3 ceramic was selected. The presence of CaCO3 favors to achieve porous samples characterized by a high percentage of porosity due to the CO2 release and CaO formation during its calcination at about 700 °C. The choice of these raw materials is based on their natural abundance (low price). It has been found that the samples had interesting characteristics: average pore size between 2.87 and 6.50 μm and porosity between 53 and 57%. It has also been found that the manufactured membrane supports are mainly constituted of gehlenite and anorthite phases. Moreover, the pore size distribution was mono-modal type. The surface and cross-section morphologies observed through a scanning electron microscope were also homogeneous and do not present any possible macro-defects (cracks, etc.).
Estudo da sorção de tensoativos orgânicos em argilas bentoníticas
Authors: Silva D. L. da , Silva A. V. da , Ferreira H. S.
Published: September 2016

Resumo Técnicas que envolvem a obtenção de argilas organofílicas vêm sendo estudadas por diversos pesquisadores, com o intuito de otimizar o processo de obtenção e garantir um produto de melhor qualidade. Todo estudo está embasado no fato dessas argilas apresentarem uma vasta gama de aplicações na engenharia. Porém, trabalhos que enfatizam o estudo químico desses processos atualmente são pouco frequentes. Desta forma, o principal objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar a sorção de tensoativos iônicos e não iônicos em argilas bentoníticas. No processo de organofilização utilizou-se a argila Brasgel, sendo organofilizada com dois tensoativos, o TA 50 (com 100% de matéria ativa) e o WB (com 81,26% de matéria ativa). Nas dispersões foram utilizadas cinco concentrações porcentuais em massa de diferentes argilas variando de 3,16% a 7,16%. Cada concentração de argila foi organofilizada com quatro concentrações de tensoativo. As isotermas de sorção foram construídas através dos dados de termogravimetria e ajustadas ao modelo linear e de Freundlich. A partir das isotermas inferiu-se que os mecanismos envolvidos na sorção são a adsorção em multicamada (para os dois tensoativos utilizados) e a adsorção cooperativa (apenas para o WB), sendo o teor de argila com maior capacidade de sorção o de 3,16%.
Pilares cerâmicos na implantodontia: revisão de literatura
Authors: Sallenave R. F. , Vicari C. B. , Borba M.
Published: September 2016

Resumo Os pilares protéticos, usados como intermediários entre a prótese e o implante, são feitos de titânio e outros metais, que possuem estrutura confiável. A cor acinzentada desses metais, acrescidos a recessão gengival e a camadas finas de tecidos adjacentes, acaba exposta, o que compromete a estética. Com isso, foram introduzidos os pilares cerâmicos (zircônia, alumina ou zircônia/alumina) que fornecem boas propriedades ópticas, assim como biocompatibilidade e estética duradoura. O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar, através de uma revisão sistemática da literatura, as taxas de sobrevivência dos pilares metálicos e cerâmicos, bem como seus principais tipos de falha. Foi realizada uma pesquisa nas bases de dados Pubmed de 1999 a 2015 utilizando as palavras-chave: cerâmicas (ceramics), pilar (abutment), implantes dentários (dental implants) e prótese parcial fixa (partial fixed denture). Foram selecionados 16 artigos de pesquisa clínica e estudos de coorte. Segundo os estudos, não houve diferença significativa nos índices biológicos e radiográficos entre os pilares cerâmicos e metálicos, quando comparados uns com os outros e com os dentes naturais, em estudos de até 11 anos. Também não foi observada perda significativa de osso marginal entre a avaliação inicial e a última avaliação para ambos tipos de pilares (titânio e cerâmicos). Pilares de alumina têm taxa de sobrevivência de 94,7% a 100% em estudo de acompanhamento clínico de até 7 anos. Pilares de zircônia têm taxa de sobrevivência semelhante aos pilares de titânio (100%) em estudos de acompanhamento clínico de até 11 anos. Apenas em um estudo de 7 anos, a taxa de sobrevivência caiu para 97,6%, para os pilares de zircônia. Os modos de falha encontrados para os pilares foram fratura e afrouxamento do parafuso. A semelhança no comportamento mecânico e biológico entre os materiais torna os pilares cerâmicos uma boa alternativa na Implantodontia.
Ammonia volatilization from blends with stabilized and controlled-released urea in the coffee system
Authors: Chagas Wantuir Filipe Teixeira , Guelfi Douglas Ramos , Caputo André Luiz Carvalho , Souza Taylor Lima de , Andrade André Baldansi , Faquin Valdemar
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT Application of stabilized and controlled-release urea blends can reduce the losses of N-NH3 as compared to conventional urea. The aim of this study was to quantify ammonia volatilization from conventional nitrogen fertilizers and blends of urea + (urea + NBPT) + controlled release urea applied in drip irrigated coffee system. The experiment was conducted under field conditions in in a Red Latosol located in Lavras-MG, Brazil. The randomized complete block design with six treatments: Urea = 450 kg ha-1 yr-1 N (100% of the recommended dose) divided in three splittings equal to 150 kg ha-1 N with an interval of 50 days; ammonium nitrate = 450 kg ha-1 yr-1 N (100% of the recommended dose) in three splittings equal to 150 kg ha-1 N with an interval of 50 days; Polyblen Extend(r)-100%= 450 kg ha-1 yr-1 (100% of the recommended dose) applied in two splittings, 315 kg ha-1 N in the 1º split and 135 kg ha-1 N in the 2º split; Polyblen Extend(r)-70% = 315 kg ha-1 yr-1 N (70% of the recommended dose) in two splittings, 220.5 kg ha-1 N in the 1º split and 94.5 kg ha-1 N in the 2º split; Polyblen Montanha(r)-100% = 450 kg ha-1 yr-1 (100% of the recommended dose) in an unique application in the 1º split and Polyblen Montanha(r)-70% = 315 kg ha-1 yr-1 N (70% of the recommended dose) at an unique application in the 1º split, with three repetitions. Total accumulated N-NH3 losses followed the decreasing order: Urea (83.2 kg ha-1 N) > Polyblen Extend(r) - 100% (60.3 kg ha-1 N) > Polyblen Montanha(r) - 100% (46.8 kg ha-1 N) > Polyblen Extend(r) - 70% (35.1 kg ha-1 N) > Polyblen Montanha(r) - 70% (24.2 kg ha-1 N) > nitrate ammonium (2.0 kg ha-1 N ). The use of Polyblen Montanha(r) decreases two splittings compared to conventional sources such as urea and ammonium nitrate, by applying only 70% of the recommended dose without affecting yield and coffee crop nutrition.
Characterization of powder from the permeate of yacon extract by ultrafiltration and dehydrated by spray drying
Authors: Brites Marcela Lazzare , Meira Stela Meister , Brandelli Adriano , Noreña Caciano Zapata
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT Yacon root is a functional food which contains antioxidants and prebiotics compounds. This study aimed to evaluate the physical, chemical and prebiotic characteristics of a yacon extract powder obtained by ultrafiltration (UF) with membranes of 10 and 30 kDa and encapsulation of the resulting permeate by spray drying. Drying air temperatures of 140 and 160 ºC and concentrations of gum arabic of 10 and 15% were tested. The samples had solubility values greater than 90% while the hygroscopicity decreased with increasing gum concentration and drying temperature. Electron microscopy showed a strong tendency to agglomeration of smaller particles around the larger ones, mainly at a temperature of 140 ºC. Regarding color, the parameter L* showed that drying at 160 ºC produced darker samples and the parameters a* and b* indicated that all samples were greenish yellow. The concentration of inulin decreased during drying, whereas the levels of glucose and fructose increased due to the thermolysis reaction, which led to degradation of inulin chains at drying temperature. The permeates and retentates from the UF membranes had prebiotic activity, while only the encapsulated product from UF-30 membrane, metabolized by Lactobacillus acidophilus LA-5(r), presented activity scores without significant difference to that of glucose.
Multiple resistance to atrazine and imazethapyr in hairy beggarticks (Bidens pilosa )
Authors: Takano Hudson Kagueyama , Oliveira Junior Rubem Silvério de , Constantin Jamil , Braz Guilherme Braga Pereira , Franchini Luiz Henrique Morais , Burgos Nilda Roma
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT Resistance to herbicides is a serious threat to crop production worldwide, especially in agronomic crops and cereals. This research evaluated the possible occurrence of Bidens pilosa resistant to imazethapyr and atrazine in Brazil. The resistant biotype was collected from an area with a history of repeated application of photosystem II (PSII) and ALS inhibitor herbicides. The susceptible biotype was collected from an area with no history of herbicide application. Resistance verification experiments were carried out in the greenhouse. The treatments were arranged in a 3 x 8 factorial scheme, where the first factor was populations [susceptible (S), parent resistant (PR), and resistant F1 (RF1)]; and the second factor was herbicide dose (0, 375, 750, 1500, 3000, 6000, 12000 and 24000 g ha-1 for atrazine; or 0, 12.5, 25, 50, 100, 200, 400 and 800 g ha-1 for imazethapyr). The resistance factor to atrazine was 2.83 for PR and 5.55 for RF1. This population was more resistant to imazethapyr (>21-fold) than it was to atrazine. The recommended maximum dose of the herbicides did not control this B. pilosa population adequately. The data support the claim that B. pilosa population from this field in Quarto Centenário, Parana is resistant to two herbicide modes of action - PSII inhibitor (i.e. atrazine) and ALS inhibitor (i.e. imazethapyr). This is the first report of such case for this species, globally. Cross-resistance to other ALS inhibitors and other PS II inhibitors as well as the respective mechanisms of resistance to each herbicide are being investigated.
Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Nursing Student Satisfaction Scale for use with Brazilian nursing students
Authors: Hirsch Carolina Domingues , Barlem Edison Luiz Devos , Barlem Jamila Geri Tomaschewski , Dalmolin Graziele de Lima , Pereira Liliane Alves , Ferreira Amanda Guimarães
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT Objective: to cross-culturally adapt and validate the Nursing Student Satisfaction Scale (NSSS) for use with nursing students in the Brazilian context. Method: this was a quantitative exploratory and descriptive study using a cross-sectional design conducted with 123 undergraduate nursing students studying at a public university in the south of Brazil. The cross-cultural adaptation was performed according to international guidelines. Validation for use in a Brazilian context was performed using factor analysis and Cronbach's alpha. Results: based on the expert committee assessment and pre-test, face and content validity were considered satisfactory. Factor analysis resulted in three constructs: curriculum and teaching; professional social interaction, and learning environment. The internal consistency of the instrument was satisfactory: the value of Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.93 for the instrument as a whole, and between 0.88 and 0.89 for the constructs. Conclusion: the Brazilian version of the Nursing Student Satisfaction Scale was shown to be reliable and validated for the evaluation of student satisfaction with undergraduate nursing programs, considering the aspects teaching activities, curriculum, professional social interaction, and learning environment.
Fatigue in children and adolescents with cancer from the perspective of health professionals
Authors: Silva Michele Cristina Miyauti da , Lopes Júnior Luís Carlos , Nascimento Lucila Castanheira , Lima Regina Aparecida Garcia de
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT Objective: to investigate health professionals' knowledge about the concept, assessment and intervention in fatigue in children and adolescents with cancer. Method: exploratory study with qualitative approach, with 53 health professionals (10 nurses, 33 assistant nurses, 3 physicians, 3 nutritionists, 2 psychologists and 2 physical therapists). Semi structured interviews were held, which were recorded and analyzed by means of inductive thematic content analysis. Results: the data were organized around three themes: knowledge of health professionals about fatigue; identification of fatigue and interventions to relieve fatigue. Conclusion: the results indicate the health professionals' limited knowledge about fatigue, as well as the lack of investment in their training and continuing education. Most of all, the lack of research on the theme in the Brazilian context remains a barrier to support improvements in care for this symptom in children and adolescents with cancer.
Crescimento e produtividade do milho-verde sobre diferentes coberturas de solo no sistema plantio direto orgânico
Authors: Favarato Luiz Fernando , Souza Jacimar Luis , Galvão João Carlos Cardoso , Souza Caetano Marciano de , Guarconi Rogério Carvalho , Balbino José Mauro de Souza
Published: September 2016

RESUMO O cultivo de diferentes espécies de plantas de cobertura possibilita a melhoria e a conservação do solo e da matéria orgânica, além de promover consideráveis aumentos de rendimento nas culturas subsequentes, com significativos ganhos econômicos. Objetivou-se avaliar o crescimento e produtividade de milho-verde sobre diferentes coberturas de solo no sistema plantio direto (SPD) orgânico. O trabalho foi disposto em delineamento de blocos casualizados, com 6 repetições e 5 sistemas de produção, constituídos por 3 coberturas de solo no SPD orgânico, com palha de aveia-preta, palha de tremoço-branco e palha do consórcio aveia-preta/tremoço-branco, assim como 2 sistemas sem palhada e com revolvimento do solo, um orgânico e outro convencional. Foram realizadas avaliações de diâmetro do colmo, de altura de planta e da inserção de espiga, nos estádios V5, V10 e R3, número total de espigas comerciais, produtividade total de espigas com palha e sem palha, peso médio de espigas com palha e sem palha, produtividade, peso médio e percentual de espigas comerciais, comprimento e diâmetro de espigas comerciais sem palha. O SPD orgânico sobre a palha de tremoço-branco em solteiro e em consórcio com aveia-preta proporcionou maior crescimento das plantas de milho nos estádios inicias da cultura. O uso de tremoço-branco solteiro ou em consórcio com aveia-preta apresentou-se como boa opção para formação de palha no SPD orgânico, garantindo crescimento e produtividade satisfatórios para a cultura do milho-verde.
Pedagogical introduction to equilibrium Green's functions: condensed-matter examples with numerical implementations
Authors: Odashima Mariana M. , Prado Beatriz G. , Vernek E.
Published: September 2016

The Green's function method has applications in several fields in Physics, from classical differential equations to quantum many-body problems. In the quantum context, Green's functions are correlation functions, from which it is possible to extract information from the system under study, such as the density of states, relaxation times and response functions. Despite its power and versatility, it is known as a laborious and sometimes cumbersome method. Here we introduce the equilibrium Green's functions and the equation-of-motion technique, exemplifying the method in discrete lattices of non-interacting electrons. We start with simple models, such as the two-site molecule, the infinite and semi-infinite one-dimensional chains, and the two-dimensional ladder. Numerical implementations are developed via the recursive Green's function, implemented in Julia, an open-source, efficient and easy-to-learn scientific language. We also present a new variation of the surface recursive Green's function method, which can be of interest when simulating simultaneously the properties of surface and bulk.
Effects of rapid maxillary expansion in cleft patients resulting from the use of two different expanders
Authors: Figueiredo Daniel Santos Fonseca , Cardinal Lucas , Bartolomeo Flávia Uchôa Costa , Palomo Juan Martin , Horta Martinho Campolina Rebello , Andrade Jr Ildeu , Oliveira Dauro Douglas
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the skeletal and dental effects of rapid maxillary expansion (RME) in cleft patients using two types of expanders. Methods: Twenty unilateral cleft lip and palate patients were randomly divided into two groups, according to the type of expander used: (I) modified Hyrax and (II) inverted Mini-Hyrax. A pretreatment cone-beam computed tomographic image (T0) was taken as part of the initial orthodontic records and three months after RME, for bone graft planning (T1). Results: In general, there was no significant difference among groups (p > 0.05). Both showed a significant transverse maxillary expansion (p < 0.05) and no significant forward and/or downward movement of the maxilla (p > 0.05). There was greater dental crown than apical expansion. Maxillary posterior expansion tended to be larger than anterior opening (p < 0.05). Cleft and non-cleft sides were symmetrically expanded and there was no difference in dental tipping between both sides (p > 0.05). Conclusions: The appliances tested are effective in the transverse expansion of the maxilla. However, these appliances should be better indicated to cleft cases also presenting posterior transverse discrepancy, since there was greater expansion in the posterior maxillary region than in the anterior one.
Si vis me flere. Emoções pelo espelho
Authors: Falletti Clelia
Published: September 2016

RESUMO Este texto aborda a questão do trabalho do ator por intermédio de elementos das neurociências e da filosofia. Apresenta-se textos de Horácio nos quais haveriam indicações aos atores e oradores. Trama-se tais pressupostos com textos de Diderot e Copeau para fazer emergir compreensões sobre as emoções e as tarefas mais racionais do trabalho do ator. Apresenta-se o conceito de mecanismo espelho para mostrar como os neurônios espelho do cérebro são responsáveis por ações em cadeia no sistema nervoso. Compara-se tais mecanismos ao trabalho do ator.
11 de Setembro, Arte de Vanguarda?
Authors: Schechner Richard
Published: September 2016

RESUMO Pode o ataque de 11 de Setembro ser considerado um evento artístico de vanguarda? O presente artigo propõe discutir, do ponto de vista da intencionalidade do ato e de sua recepção, o caráter performativo do fato histórico. Para levar a termo o intento, apresenta um panorama histórico da arte de vanguarda, assim como discorre sobre condições históricas e culturais que supostamente operariam como disparadores de tal acontecimento. O texto se debruça, ademais, sobre o caráter espetacular do evento e das condições de sua apreciação numa sociedade balizada sobremaneira pelos aparelhos midiáticos.
O Ator Estrangeiro ou o Outro no Teatro
Authors: Banu Georges
Published: September 2016

RESUMO Este artigo propõe uma reflexão sobre um fenômeno que, depois dos anos 1968, contamina progressivamente a cena europeia: o ator estrangeiro. Sintoma das mutações sociais - permeabilidade das fronteiras, maior liberdade linguística -, o ator vindo de longe acaba rompendo com o etnocentrismo que até então caracterizava o teatro. A partir dessa constatação, examina-se notadamente a formação dos grupos pluriétnicos, o plurilinguismo em cena e o uso que os encenadores fazem dele. Trata-se em seguida da questão do sotaque estrangeiro, dos efeitos produzidos na língua de acolhimento e da maneira como o público o percebe. Analisa-se isso levando em conta também a relação com o corpo estrangeiro, frequentemente utilizado como um elemento perturbador, ao trazer à cena uma nova corporeidade, uma presença e um engajamento diferentes. Por fim, aborda-se particularmente o percurso de dois atores vindos de longe: Sotigui Kouyate e Yoshi Oida.
O Entrelaçamento dos Estudos Modernos da Performance e as Correntes Atuais em Antropologia
Authors: Carlson Marvin
Published: September 2016

RESUMO Este texto propõe uma discussão da relação entre a Performance, o Teatro e a Antropologia. Apresentam-se as origens das relações entre performance e antropologia, elencando as principais ideias dos pioneiros norte-americanos e franceses. Comparam-se os relacionamentos entre artistas e antropólogos como Richard Schechner e Victor Turner, Eugenio Barba e Kirsten Hastrup. Por fim, problematiza-se os movimentos e as diferentes compreensões de performance e a forma produtiva como a relação entre performance e antropologia foi sendo construída nos últimos anos.
Presença e Processos de Subjetivação
Authors: Cabral Beatriz Ângela Vieira
Published: September 2016

RESUMO Este artigo apresenta uma reflexão sobre uma perspectiva pedagógica para intensificar a presença do aluno/ator em representações e práticas performativas. Para tanto, considera pressupostos de processos de subjetivação relacionados com a materialidade (suporte material) e imaterialidade (carga informacional e emocional) de trabalhos de criação. A abordagem é exemplificada através de procedimentos pedagógicos utilizados com a estratégia do estímulo composto no campo do process drama.
Justa Distância ou Justa Presença?
Authors: Runtz-Christan Edmée
Published: September 2016

RESUMO No momento em que os especialistas se confrontam a fim de determinar o que é o essencial do saber e da didática, da lógica da intenção ou da lógica da competência, é necessário lembrar que o professor só pode transmitir uma vontade de saber. Nenhum ensino, nenhuma didática permite àquele a quem se educa fazer economia da passagem ao ato. É apenas quando o aluno tiver decidido aprender que ele adquirirá os conhecimentos e as capacidades que lhe permitirão advir. Importa apenas incitar o aluno a agir lembrando- se que para ser viável, a relação pedagógica deve se inscrever dentro de um sistema ético, institucional e relacional, evitando a dependência ou a indiferença a um desses polos. Como então transmitir a vontade de aprender sem manipular o aluno por meio de estratégias didáticas, relacionais ou institucionais? Como fazer uso da presença do professor para melhorar a aprendizagem? Quais distâncias respeitar para manter o interesse?