bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A nested randomised trial of the effect of tranexamic acid on intracranial haemorrhage and infarction in traumatic brain injury (CRASH-3 trial intracranial bleeding mechanistic study): Statistical analysis plan
Authors: Mahmood Abda , Roberts Ian , Shakur-Still Haleema
Published: August 2018

Background: The CRASH-3 trial is a randomised trial on the effect of tranexamic acid (TXA) on death and disability in traumatic brain injury (TBI). The CRASH-3 intracranial bleeding mechanistic study (IBMS) is a randomised trial nested within the CRASH-3 trial to examine the effect of TXA on intracranial bleeding and infarction.

Methods: Patients eligible for the CRASH-3 trial, with a GCS of 12 or less or intracranial bleeding on a pre-randomisation CT scan are eligible for the IBMS. The occurrence of intracranial bleeding, infarction, haemorrhagic oedematous lesions, mass effect and haemorrhage evacuation is examined within 28 days of randomisation using routinely collected brain scans. The primary outcome is the volume of intracranial bleeding in patients randomised within three hours of injury (adjusted for prognostic covariates). Secondary outcomes include progressive and new intracranial bleeding, intracranial bleeding after neurosurgery and new cerebral infarcts up to 28 days post-randomisation. All outcomes will be compared between treatment groups.

Statistical analyses: The primary outcome will be analysed using absolute measures (ANCOVA) and relative measures (ratios). The same analysis will be done separately for patients who undergo haemorrhage evacuation post-randomisation. We will express the effect of TXA on new and progressive bleeding using relative risks and 95% CIs, and on cerebral infarcts using hazard ratios and 95% CIs. If any missing post-randomisation scans appear to be missing not at random, we will conduct sensitivity analyses to explore the implications.

Conclusion: The IBMS will provide information on the mechanism of action of TXA in TBI. This pre-specified statistical analysis plan is a technical extension of the published protocol.

Trial registration: The CRASH-3 trial was prospectively registered at the International Standard Randomised Controlled Trials registry (19 July 2011) and ClinicalTrials.gov (25 July 2011). The registries were updated with details for the IBMS on 20 December 2016.
The Problem of Factors that Determine the Economic Development of Modern Russia
Authors: Басовская Елена , Basovskaya Elena , Басовский Леонид , Basovskiy Leonid
Published: August 2018

In the economy of Russia after the crisis of 2008–2009 systemic changes were occurred. In the period before this crisis, Russia experienced economic growth, which was faster than the growth rate of the world economy, then after the crisis, economic growth rates do not exceed the growth rates of the world economy. To identify the reasons and factors for changing the model of economic development of the country, a project for researching the economy before and after the crisis of 2008–2009 is proposed. It is proposed to receive quantitative assessments of the impact of economic, socio-economic, political factors and other significant factors that determine productivity, differing by region of the country, by building econometric models of productivity in the form of expanded production functions.
Cost Operational Analysis of an Broadcasting Company
Authors: Маляревская Л. , Malyarevskaya L.
Published: August 2018

Operational costs of a broadcasting company derive from its business processes. Operational analysis of costs is aimed at their management, setting subdivision targets, identifying goals for development and profitability management of a broadcasting company. Cost of sales represents a significant portion of operating costs. However, selling, general and administrative expenses shall also be considered. Operational analysis of costs provides costs classification and allows to set standard norms for costs in order to manage costs, identify risk of losses in case of significant deviation from norms.
Approximate Estimation of the Knowledge Quantity, Transferred by Teacher in Various Classes of the General Education School
Authors: Майер Роберт , Mayer Robert
Published: August 2018

The problem of an estimation of information quantity transferred to pupil in 1-11grades is discussed. It is shown, that the educational material is characterized by the information amount (quantity of the used words) and its complexity (degree of the knowledge folding). The information is transferred from teacher to pupil through the communication channel; the amount of received knowledge is equal to product of the transfer speed on time. As a result of the analysis of the educational process are determined: the numbers of lessons in various classes; the average durations of an explanation on a lesson; the general times of the new material explanation in every year; the speed of the material presentation (words/min.); the shares of the new information. The annual increase of the pupil’s knowledge and the total amounts of knowledge, which received from a beginning of training at school are calculated; the diagrams are presented.
Clinical outcomes and cost analysis of frontalis sling suspension for congenital ptosis
Authors: Rufai Sohaib R , Zukhurova Khushnuda , Menon Dipen K , Menon V Jayshree
Published: August 2018

Purpose:

Frontalis sling suspension is the treatment of choice for drooping eyelids (congenital ptosis) which are associated with poor levator function. The materials used include autologous fascia lata (muscle grafts), palmaris longus (a small muscle visible as a tendon) and artificial materials. However, harvesting autologous material is often not possible in young children. A retrospective case series analysis to elucidate the clinical outcomes using 3-0 Ethilon, autologous fascia lata and palmaris longus tendon was performed. Additionally, a cost analysis of the various methods was performed.

Methods:

A consecutive case series of patients who underwent frontalis sling procedures for congenital ptosis between October 2010 and May 2017 was retrospectively analysed. The cost analysis was conducted using NHS Tariffs.

Results:

The outcomes of 23 procedures from 15 patients were also analysed. Median age at first frontalis sling surgery was 9.2 years (interquartile range: 14.8). Median follow-up before discharge was 26.6 months (interquartile range: 25.5). Materials included Ethilon (n=19 procedures), autologous fascia lata (n=1) and palmaris longus (n=3). Satisfactory cosmetic correction was achieved in all patients at 12-month review after initial surgery. Five frontalis sling suspension slips occurred in Ethilon cases following trauma, each requiring frontalis sling redo, one of which slipped again following trauma. Cost analysis revealed that operations using synthetic materials cost less as a single operation but more overall if one or more repeat operation is required.

Conclusions:

Ethilon, autologous fascia lata, and palmaris longus are safe and effective materials for use in frontalis sling suspension in the correction of congenital ptosis. Synthetic material costs less as a single operation but cost effectiveness suffers when repeat operations are required. Treatment should be individually tailored to the patient.
Using the arts: learning from a community consultation on health and wellbeing
Authors: Hemingway Ann , Crossen-White Holly , Norton Elizabeth
Published: August 2018

Local service commissioners require information about a community's needs in order to make spending decisions with limited funds. Gaining the knowledge required can be problematic. This article presents the findings from an innovative project which harnessed visual arts in order to facilitate expression of a community's health and wellbeing needs. The arts-based community consultation, was developed in partnership with a range of agencies and organisations who were engaged with a particular community. A qualitative evaluation study was devised to capture the process of delivering the community consultation to aid service commissioners' funding decisions. The findings demonstrated that an effectively managed arts-based creative consultation process can be a powerful mechanism for establishing a community's perspective on their health and wellbeing.
Preparing for transition to school
Authors: Neville Sarah
Published: August 2018

We hear a great deal about children being ‘school ready’, which sounds like something both very definitive and well documented, but what does this mean for childminders?
Mathematics: C for circles…
Authors: Hammond Paula , Lillie Stephen
Published: August 2018

This month, we continue our series based on the maths area of learning in the foundation stage, providing an A-Z of activities that will help children progress while having fun.
Plants: living in and around water
Authors: Garner Lynne
Published: August 2018

This is the fourth in a new four-part series that will explore the sometimes mysterious but always wonderful world of plants, opening up a once hidden world of knowledge.
Listening and paying attention
Authors: Sargent Marianne
Published: August 2018

This is the third in a series of extracts from the book, Developing Early Literacy Skills Outdoors, which explores ideas for providing children with opportunities to learn outside.
Evaluation of the Bio-Rad BioPlex 2200 Toxoplasma gondii IgM Multiplex Flow Immunoassay
Authors: Theel Elitza S , Yarbrough Melanie L , Hilgart Heather , Gronowski Ann M
Published: August 2018

Background

Toxoplasmosis is routinely diagnosed through detection of Toxoplasma gondii–specific antibodies. However, the imperfect specificity of T. gondii serologic assays is a well-recognized limitation. The new BioPlex 2200 (Bio-Rad Laboratories) T. gondii, rubella, and cytomegalovirus (ToRC) IgM multiplex flow immunoassay (MFI) received FDA clearance in May 2017. We evaluated the clinical performance of the new T. gondii IgM and existing IgG portion of this MFI.

Methods

Three hundred prospectively collected consecutive, residual sera, submitted for T. gondii serologic testing as part of routine clinical care, and an archived set of 52 residual sera previously positive for anti–T. gondii IgM and IgG with the predicate ADVIA Centaur Toxoplasma IgM and IgG assays (Siemens) were evaluated. Performance of the BioPlex 2200 T. gondii IgM and IgG MFIs was assessed by calculating positive (PPA) and negative percent agreement (NPA) compared to the Centaur tests.

Results

Among prospective specimens, the BioPlex 2200 T. gondii IgM and IgG MFIs demonstrated a PPA of 0% (0/7) and 82.3% (28/34) and NPA of 99.3% (288/290) and 95.8% (251/262), respectively, with the Centaur assays. Chart review of the 7 Centaur T. gondii IgM-positive samples revealed that these were likely falsely positive. Among archived samples, the BioPlex 2200 T. gondii IgM and IgG MFIs showed PPAs of 90.4% (47/52) and 100% (52/52), respectively.

Conclusions

The BioPlex 2200 T. gondii IgM and IgG MFIs demonstrated excellent concordance with the Centaur assays. The T. gondii IgM MFI may provide higher specificity in low-prevalence populations.
Variações na composição das águas subterrâneas do Sistema Aquífero Serra Geral em território brasileiro e sua relação com anomalias hidrogeoquímicas
Authors: Quaggio Carolina Stager , Gastmans Didier , Kirchheim Roberto , Batista Ludmila Vianna
Published: August 2018

O Sistema Aquífero Serra Geral (SASG), que se estende pelos territórios brasileiro, argentino, paraguaio e uruguaio, representa um importante reservatório de águas subterrâneas, utilizado para o abastecimento público e o desenvolvimento de atividades agroindustriais nesta região. No entanto, apesar de sua qualidade, várias anomalias hidrogeoquímicas vêm sendo reportadas. Este trabalho analisou laudos hidrogeoquímicos de águas subterrâneas do SASG no território brasileiro com ênfase especial a alguns parâmetros constantes da Resolução CONAMA 396/2008 e da Portaria de Consolidação nº5/2017 do Ministério da Saúde (pH, sólidos totais dissolvidos, cloreto, nitrato, sulfato, fluoreto e sódio), buscando identificar variações na composição dessas águas e suas relações com anomalias hidrogeoquímicas e aspectos hidrogeológicos regionais. No total foram analisados 3007 laudos hidrogeoquímicos de poços tubulares que captam águas do SASG. Deste total, 96,3% indicam condições adequadas ao consumo, em relação aos parâmetros analisados. Os elementos, em ordem de importância, que apontam para restrição ao consumo foram: Flúor, Cloreto, Sódio, Sulfato, Sólidos Totais Dissolvidos, Nitrato e pH. A partir da distribuição espacial dos parâmetros, identificaram-se zonas anômalas, situadas na divisa entre SC e RS, sudeste de RS e centro de SP. A ocorrência de tais zonas está associada à interação água/rocha nesses locais, ao uso e ocupação do solo e à ascensão de águas do aquífero sotoposto ao SASG, o Sistema Aquífero Guarani (SAG).
Mapeamento e avaliação da potabilidade de água provenien-te de fontes alternativas de captação na cidade de Astolfo Dutra
Authors: Souza Waltencir Balbino de , Melo Lidervan De Paula , Lima Luana Catarina Sales , Souza Débora Castro de , Texeira Tatiana Tavares
Published: August 2018

A água é um bem comum de extrema importância para a manutenção da vida e para o desenvolvimento sócio econômico de um país. A falta de chuvas, somadas as ações humanas, põem em risco a qualidade e a quantidade de água disponível para o consumo humano, deixando várias localidades sem abastecimento. Por esta razão, várias medidas são tomadas para o uso racional da água, como o reaproveitamento de águas cinzas e a captação de águas proveniente das chuvas. As águas subterrâneas são responsáveis pelo abastecimento de cerca de 39% dos municípios brasileiros, sendo que a prática do uso de fontes alternativas de água de poços e nascentes é comum em várias localidades. Neste trabalho foi realizado um mapeamento das fontes alternativas (poços, minas e cisternas) de captação de água no perímetro urbano da cidade de Astolfo Dutra-MG a qual pertence à Bacia do Rio Pomba seguido das coletas e análises físico-químicas e microbiológicas. Segundo os resultados obtidos das entrevistas e coleta de dados, foram identificadas 90 pontos de captação de água na cidade de Astolfo Dutra, sendo eles 49 cisternas, 18 minas e 23 poços semi artesianos. Do total de fontes mapeadas, 25% destas foram selecionados para coletas e análises. Dentre as amostras de água coletadas e analisadas 13 tiveram presença de coliformes totais e uma apresentou contaminação por coliformes termotolerantes. Para as análises de ferro, 7 amostras apresentaram concentrações acima do permitido. Apenas 5 do total das amostras analisadas atenderam aos parâmetros de potabilidade de água.
Transformation of the energy state of the molecular structure of coal in the process of metamorphism
Authors: Bezruchko K. A. , Pymonenko L. I. , Burchak A. V. , Suvorov D. A.
Published: August 2018

This article discusses processes of rock-mass geothermal and geomechanical energy transfer on the nanolevel and describes different mechanisms of potential energy absorption, distribution and usage by the molecular structure of the coal substance. We show that mechanical and thermal energies in the molecular structure of the coal substance are transformed into quantum-mechanical energy which feeds the structural transformations and generation processes in the substance. At the nanolevel, the energy inflow transforms the atomic-molecular structure, changes the physical and chemical properties of the coal and may cause fluid (including methane) emission. The availability of a general solution for energetic problems of different hierarchical levels is evidence of the possibility of using a fractal approach for researching the energy re-distribution in the system.
Cross-Border Ukrainian-Hungarian Cooperation in the Sphere of Tourism
Authors: Bozhuk T. I. , Buchko Z. I.
Published: August 2018

The work deals with specificities of Ukrainian/Hungarian cross-border cooperation. To begin with, legislative and regulatory frameworks that permitted functioning of Ukraine, Poland, Slovakia, Hungary, Romania and Moldova within the Carpathian EuroRegion have been described, and key literature sources related to topicality and efficiency of cross-border tourism development were analyzed. Major focus was thus given to disclosure of trends in Ukrainian -Hungarian cross-border tourism, which presupposed the analysis of statistical data related to tourism flows. The figures of the last-decade Ukrainian and Hungarian outbound and inbound tourism are presented and discussed. As was established, tourism flows from Ukraine to Hungary underwent significant changes in the last 10 years showing a 62% growth from 2006 to 2016 (from 1 790 008 to 2 893 370 people). The greatest departure intensity was observed since 2013 with average annual gain by 200-300 thousand people. Instead, the Hungary-to-Ukraine direction is specific for instability throughout the whole period of observations. It was 1–1,2 million Hungarians who annually visited Ukraine in 2006–2008. In particular, organized tourism shared 8% out of the wholeflow in 2006. Beginning from 2007, this share declined to 1% and stayed unchanged through the next five years. Insignificant decrease in tourist arrivals to Ukraine was in 2009-2014. The last 3 years witness some growth of tourist flows at a rate of 200 thousand people annually on the average. Since all present-day trends observed in the market of cross-border tourism services are connected with realization of programs for cross-border cooperation, the effect of such programs (in particular, those to support implementation and development of recreation/tourism infrastructure in Zakarpattia Oblast in Ukraine and the Megye of Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg in Hungary) was assessed. It was established that both regions possess considerable natural, historic-cultural and architectural potentials that are well worth the efforts to develop tourism infrastructure and realize cross-border routes. Perspective directions of cross-bordertourism development were outlined to be as follows: sports/rehabilitative and adventure tourism; green rural tourism; ecotourism; treatment/health-improving tourism; enogastronomy; religious tourism; educational tourism with accentuation on monuments of history, archaeology, culture and ethnography; and event tourism.
REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY OF THE RED BIGEYE (Priacanthus macracanthus Cuvier, 1829) IN PALABUHANRATU BAY, INDONESIA
Authors: Jabbar Meuthia Aula , Kamal Mohammad Mukhlis , Boer Mennofatria , Suman Ali , Suyasa I Nyoman
Published: August 2018

The reference point of reproductive biology play an important roles in developing a baseline information for fishery management. Different waters will provide different overview of fisheries related to its biological aspects. The red bigeye (Priacanthus macracanthus) is one of economically important demersal fish species in Indonesia. To support the biological status of this species, a regular field observation were carried out during May 2016 to April 2017 in Palabuhanratu bay, south of West Java. The objective of this study is to estimate the spawning season and potential reproductive stages including to evaluate how the key management related to the species and its gear selectivity. Numbers of red bigeye (Priacanthus macracanthus) specimen was collected from bottom gillnetter and hand liner. Basic information related to length-weigth, bio-reproduction (maturity) were collected regularly to determine GSI, Fecundity and its impact of fishing (Lc, Lm) to evaluate the recent stock status. The result showed sex ratio no significant differences between males and females except in September to December. The growth pattern indicated negative allometric. The predicted of spawning seasons were around June-July and December-January. Mean of fecundity was estimated to be 230,000 ± 178,000 eggs. Management keys were obtained i.e. length at first maturity (Lm) value was to be 21.9 cm TL which is smaller than length at first capture (Lc) 22.4 cm TL for bottom gill netter and 23.1 cm TL for average fishes caught by hand liner. Therefore it is recommended to close the waters in the bay area during the spawning period. In the case of catch, it is important to apply the precautionary approach with emphasizes to the size of fish allowed to be captured more than the Lm value (above 21.9 cm TL).
FISHERIES SANCTUARY PLANNING IN PRACTICE: LESSON LEARNT FROM ECOSYSTEM APPROACH TO FISHERIES MANAGEMENT IN NORTH KALIMANTAN PROVINCE
Authors: Prasetyo Andhika Prima , Priatna Asep , Setiyawan Agus , Lasnihora Rodo , Yahya Fadli , Oktaviani Dian , Nugroho Duto , Purwoko Rudy Masuswo , Nurmayanti Nurmayanti , Dirgantara Ersant , Antoro Hendri , Burkiki Dahlan
Published: August 2018

Governor Decree of North Kalimantan No. 26 in 2014 concerning Management of Bombay Duck in the North Kalimantan Province Waters was established in order to address over-exploitation of bombay duck (Harpadon nehereus) population. Fisheries sanctuary is the feasible solution that was agreed by comprehensive stakeholder discussion. This research aims to extract and elaborate our experiences on establishing fisheries sanctuary in the Bangkudulis waters which focus on science communication and in the fisheries sanctuary planning. The acoustic and larva survey conducted to support the consensus and to proof the traditional ecological knowledge of the communities. The results showed that the proposed conservation area of the Bangkudulis waters has significant ecological function to ensure the sustainability of bombay duck population. The distribution and abundance of larva and juveniles were found higher in that area. The approach and challenges to deal with ecological and socio-economic aspects as well as recommendations were discussed in this paper.
FORMATION PECULIARITIES OF FINANCIAL RESOURCES OF PJSC «UKRAINIAN RAILWAY»
Authors: Lomtieva I. M. , Snachov M. P. , Toporkova O. A. , Shylo L. A.
Published: August 2018

Purpose. The need for technological modernization of the railway industry in Ukraine, creation of favorable conditions for investment and introduction of innovations in the industry require significant financial resources. The purpose of the article is investigation of possible sources of attracting financial resources necessary for development of Ukrainian railway transport, in particular, during further organizational arrangements and procedures for the railway industry corporatization to search for ways to optimize them. Methodology. During research the methods of comparison, scientific search, analysis and synthesis were used to study the existing sources of financing for corporations abroad and at Ukrainian enterprises. Findings. Analysis of the existing and search for more efficient sources of financial resources necessary for financing Ukrainian railway transport modernization in the process of the railway industry corporatization is carried out. The growth of the financial results share in the amount of internal own resources is achieved by taking measures to increase profits. A significant part of the economic activities financing can be provided by issuing corporate bonds with the presence of positive effect of the financial leverage. Accounting of the financial leverage effect is an efficient tool for optimizing the structure of the share capital and determining the expediency of loan resources. In the process of corporatization, PJSC «Ukrzaliznytsia» should create an efficient system of financial resources that fully takes into account the specifics of its activities, motivates to increase labor productivity with the ultimate purpose of ensuring the external competitiveness of the Ukrainian railway industry. Originality. Based on the study of scientific and methodological sources, as well as the analysis of sources for financing the economic activities of railway transport, the ways of their optimization are proposed. Practical value. Introduction of the proposed approaches will make it possible to justify the economic feasibility and proportionality of internal and external sources of the railway transport financing under the conditions of corporatization.
A empresa jornalística como ator político: Um estudo quanti-qualitativo sobre o impeachment de Dilma Rousseff nos editoriais de Folha e Estadão
Authors: Marques Francisco Paulo Jamil , Mont'Alverne Camila , Mitozo Isabele Batista
Published: August 2018

O artigo examina como Folha de S. Paulo e O Estado de S. Paulo se posicionaram politicamente em seus editoriais acerca do impeachment de Dilma Rousseff. O estudo comparativo abrange as dimensões quantitativa e qualitativa de 507 editoriais (FSP=156; OESP=351) publicados entre 2015 e 2016 que mencionam “impeachment” ou “impedimento”, analisados por meio de Análise de Conteúdo. Propõem-se três hipóteses: Os editoriais de FSP e OESP: H1) Constroem, de forma sincronizada com o desenvolvimento do processo de impeachment nas esferas institucionais, a ideia de legitimidade do afastamento de Dilma; H2) Apresentam pontos de vista semelhantes em relação ao impeachment; H3) Ancoram a legitimidade do afastamento de Dilma, essencialmente, em argumentos jurídicos. Os resultados apontam que: os editoriais pautam o impeachment antes mesmo de a ação se iniciar institucionalmente; ambos se preocupam em validar o afastamento, mas mobilizam argumentos distintos; OESP defende o impeachment como saída mais adequada, enquanto FSP prefere a renúncia de Dilma e Temer, seguida de novas eleições.
Are Income and Credit Scores Highly Correlated?
Authors: Beer Rachael , Ionescu Felicia , Li Geng
Published: August 2018

To the best of our knowledge, statistical analysis on the relationship between income and credit scores using proper data remains scant. Using a unique proprietary data set, this note attempts to fill the gap in our understanding of this relationship.
A Shadow Rate or a Quadratic Policy Rule? The Best Way to Enforce the Zero Lower Bound in the United States
Authors: Andreasen Martin M. , Meldrum Andrew
Published: August 2018

We study whether it is better to enforce the zero lower bound (ZLB) in models of U.S. Treasury yields using a shadow rate model or a quadratic term structure model. We show that the models achieve a similar in-sample fit and perform comparably in matching conditional expectations of future yields. However, when the recent ZLB period is included in the sample, the models ' ability to match conditional expectations away from the ZLB deteriorates because the time-series dynamics of the pricing factors change. In addition, neither model provides a reasonable description of conditional volatilities when yields are away from the ZLB.
Um estudo da temperatura e da irradiação solar em células fotovoltaicas
Authors: Souza Amaury De , Aristone Flavio
Published: August 2018

Esta pesquisa foi desenvolvida no Instituto de Física da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul. As medidas foram obtidas a partir de um sistema automatizado de coleta e monitoramento de dados para analisar o conjunto de módulos fotovoltaico, constituído por três painéis de 100 Wp conectados em paralelo. Os painéis foram instalados com suas faces voltadas para o norte geográfico e com um ângulo de inclinação de 33° (Latitude Local + 10°). O objetivo é a determinação da eficiência de um sistema fotovoltaico, efetuando medidas de grandezas elétricas e meteorológicas e, a partir desses valores, calcular o fator de forma e a potência máxima gerada. Com os valores calculados do fator de forma, constatou-se que o mesmo tem o seu valor influenciado pela irradiância no plano dos módulos fotovoltaicos e pela temperatura na célula fotovoltaica
Síntese hidrotermal assistida por microondas do óxido de zinco dopado com bismuto e sua caracterização
Authors: Erhardt Camila Stockey , Bergmann Carlos Pérez , Rodriguez Adriane De Assis Lawisch
Published: August 2018

O óxido de zinco devido à presença de defeitos intrínsecos possibilita a dopagem com outros materiais, como o bismuto. O BZO (óxido de zinco dopado com bismuto) preparado via síntese hidrotermal assistida por microondas (MAHS) foi estudado por sua concentração de dopante e caracterização morfológica. Os produtos foram caracterizados DRX, MEV e PL; Cálculos de banda gap por espectroscopia de transmissão. Os resultados indicam que as nanoestruturas de BZO foram obtidas com tamanhos de cristalitos variando de 5,82 a 8,37 nm. A mesma estrutura morfológica, tipo flor, foi formada com diferentes concentrações de dopantes. PL demonstra que os defeitos aumentam com a dopagem do bismuto. O intervalo de band gap encontrado foi de 2,79-3,3 eV e tem potencial uso em aplicações de fotodegradação.
STABILITY ASSESSMENT OF ADJACENT ROCK MASS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF COALBED OUTLETS
Authors: Bessimbaeva Olga G. , Khmyrova Elena N. , Nizametdinov Farit K. , Oleinikova Elena A.
Published: August 2018

The problems of stability assessment of the quarry’s southern side during the development of the coal seam D6 are considered. To  assess the stability of the quarry’s southern side in the development  of coalbed outlets, modern research methods are applied: study of  the geological structure and analysis of the adjacent rock mass  state, the creation of an observation station and the production of observations, calculation of stability of adjacent rock mass of the  quarry’s south side and the research results analysis. Quarry’s south  side consists of clayey sediments up to 5 m, then siltstones and  mudstones up to 10-20 m and a coal seam with a capacity of up to  5 m. The substantiation of the calculated strength characteristics of  rocks composing the slopes of the quarry ledges, which determine the stress state of the slopes arising under the influence  of internal and external forces, is done. Instrumental observations of the laid station and the survey of cracks on the quarry’s side allowed  to determine the contours of the deformation zone and the  landslide prism size. A geomechanical model of adjacent rock mass  was created and the stability assessment was carried out for the  geological section along the line of the maximum development  depth. After additional loading on the quarry’s southern side slopes,  the safety factor of stability is nу = 1.69−173, which means active  phase termination of quarry’s side deformation and sustainable condition.
USE OF ECONOMIC INDICATORS IN METHODOLOGY OF MEDIUM- TERM PLANNING OF MOUNTAIN WORKS IN THE MICROMINE MINING-GEOLOGICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM
Authors: Protsenko A. V. , Byyrov J. B. , Fedotov G. S. , Zartenova L. Z.
Published: August 2018

The use of mining and geology information system is becoming more common in modern mining companies; therefore, the competent use of the functionality of software packages and development of  appropriated methodologies is a very important and urgent problem.  In this paper described method of middle-term planning in mining and geology information system Micromine for underground mining on an example of copper ore deposit with pillar- and-room system. Particular attention was paid to the consideration  of economic indicators in determining the sequence of mining. A list  of the necessary data for the implementation of this methodologies  in the scheduling of underground mining in the software product  Micromine is presented. Using of this method allow on planning stage to determine main technical and economic indicators,  as well as to estimate efficiency of selected direction of  mining. In this paper is provided example of reports and illustrations  of results of working of this method in mining and geology information system Micromine.
Age-related changes of malondialdehyde, body weight and organ weight in male mice
Authors: Ahsani Dwi Nur , Fidianingsih Ika
Published: August 2018

IntroductionAging is characterized by gradual impairment in all physiological functions. Increases in free radicals and changes in organ morphology occur with aging. The purpose of this study was to determine age-related changes in serum free radicals, body weight, organ weights, and relative organ weights in male mice. MethodsAn experimental animal study was performed on 25 male mice (Mus musculus), which were randomized into 5 groups according to age at termination, i.e. 12 (group K1), 24 (K2), 32 (K3), 40 (K4) and 48 weeks (K5), respectively. Retro-orbital venous blood was taken for examination of malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. After termination, liver, heart, kidneys, testes, brain, thymus and spleen were weighed using an analytical balance. ANOVA and Kruskal Wallis tests were used to analyze the data, with p<0.05 being considered significant. ResultsSignificant changes were found with age in serum MDA level (p=0.000), body weight (p=0.000), and weights of all organs except thymus (p>0.05) (liver p=0.023, heart p=0.000, kidneys p=0.002, testes p=0.000, brain p=0.012 and spleen p=0.006). Significant changes in relative weight of brain (p=0.001) and spleen (p=0.049) were also found with age. ConclusionThis study demonstrated increases in serum MDA levels, body weight, and weights of the liver, heart, kidneys, testes, brain and spleen with age. Peak increases in weights of kidneys and thymus were found earlier than those in MDA levels and weights of other organs.
Clinical profile, risk factors and outcome of ischemic heart disease patients at tertiary care centre
Authors: Vasava Jignesh F. , Patel Vaishali G.
Published: August 2018

Background: Coronary heart disease is responsible for more deaths and disability in developed world, now affecting developing countries. The present study aims to evaluate clinical course, identification of risk factors and outcome of unstable angina.Methods: An observational study of 30 days follow up of 100 patients of newly diagnosed UA was conducted. Sociodemographic, clinical, family h/o risk factors, dietary, other lifestyle characteristics, Standard 12 lead ECG and BP recorded. Blood was collected for routine investigations and cardiac enzymes (serum Trop-T Quantitative and CPK-MB levels). Blood was Collected in fasting state (glucose and lipid profile) and after4 hrs of routine lunch for Triglyceride measurement. Patients were observed for complications after hospital discharge on OPD basis.Results: Middle aged patients are more likely to be selected for study (mean age 51.2±6.4) being M:F ratio of 1.5:1. Amongst males 82%were smokers. 68 patients were having Postprandial triglyceride >160 mg% while 58 had low HDL levels(<40mg%).Amongst 100 patients, 68% and 62% found to be Diabetic and hypertensive respectively. Hospital outcome was good.81.2% patients remained free of cardiac events during 30 days follow up while 13.7% admitted with recurrent angina. No mortality during entire study period.Conclusions: Ischemic heart disease entails high socioeconomic burden due to increased morbidity and mortality. smoking, hypertension, diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia are important cardiovascular risk factors in present study. Postprandial hypertriglyceridemia was found to be strongly associated with Diabetes Mellitus. Postprandial hypertriglyceridemia despite normal fasting triglyceride may be independent risk factor for atherosclerosis subsequently ischemic heart disease. Early identification, treatment and prevention of cardiovascular risk factors can decline the incidence, complications and related mortality.
A Customized Transmucosal Titanium Implant for a Cleft Palate Patient Using Layered Fabrication. A Clinical Case Study
Authors: Shahrbaf Shirin
Published: August 2018

Purpose: New manufacturing technologies such as additivemanufacturing (AM) make it possible to produce complex-three-dimensional shapes in a wide variety of materials. The aim is to use AM to develop a transmucosal implant for a cleft-palate patient that can repair both the bony defect and resolve the problem of the gap in the dentition of the upper arch. Method: A patient with a unilateral-cleft-palate was selected. A CT-image of the patient was taken and 3D-model of patients jaw was reconstructed using Mimics software 10 (Materialise Co., Ltd). The haptic technology was employed to design the implant. The file of the implant was transferred to a selective laser melting machine to produce the implant in cp-Ti. The implant was cleaned and sterilized and fitted to the patient using standard surgical procedures. Three months after healing, a new crown was fitted to the transmucosal part of the implant to complete the dental arch. The patient was reviewed at 6 months, 1 year and finally eight years Results: The patient was provided with a customized implant, which healed uneventfully. Three months after surgery the patient had the crown fitted to the transmucosal aspect of her implants, thus restoring the dental arch. After eight years the patient had experienced no adverse reaction to the treatment. Conclusions: Additive manufacturing has been used in order to produce a close-fitting customized implant for a cleft palate patient. The implant was successful in both closing the defect and simultaneously providing a solution to the prosthetic problem.
Dignidade humana e direitos humanos: ontologia ou construtivismo dos direitos humanos
Authors: Kirste Stephan
Published: August 2018

O fundamento jurídico dos direitos humanos positivados é um princípio ideal ou uma construção? Eu gostaria de examinar essa questão a seguir. Isso deverá ocorrer por meio de duas teorias dos direitos humanos: a teoria de Hans Joas sobre a "sacralidade da pessoa" como base dos direitos humanos e a construção política da "ideia de direitos humanos" de Charles R. Beitz. Enquanto Joas considera a dignidade humana como fundamento "sagrado" dos direitos humanos (II.), ela não tem lugar no construtivismo de Beitz (III.). Em contrapartida, apresentarei então uma posição intermediária na forma da construção da dignidade humana como fundamento dos direitos humanos (IV.). Mas eu inicio apresentando brevemente a estrutura dos direitos humanos (I.). Isso é necessário para que não se perca o foco jurídico da investigação: ela deve ser uma reconstrução jusfilosófica e não ética geral ou teológica dos fundamentos dos direitos humanos. Assim, ela não indaga como os direitos humanos devem ser com relação à ética, à teologia ou à política – mesmo que sem dúvida essas sejam questões legítimas e importantes para filósofos, teólogos e cientistas políticos. O filósofo do direito antes analisa na ética jurídica valores e normas transformadas em direito e assim as oferece para a crítica ou justificação pelas referidas disciplinas vizinhas.
A música como forma expressão da realidade de adolescentes em vulnerabilidade social
Authors: Ruzzi-Pereira Andrea , Marques Larissa Nascimento , Parreira Mariana Melo
Published: August 2018

Este trabalho tem como objetivo descrever a experiência em estágio de terapia ocupacional com adolescentes do sexo feminino em tratamento para problemas relacionados ao uso de álcool e outras drogas, na construção coletiva de um rap. A metodologia foi pautada nos preceitos da clínica ampliada, saúde mental, atenção psicossocial, e projeto de vida. O grupo foi composto por seis usuárias, com 28 intervenções, entre março e julho de 2013 mediadas por uma docente, e duas estagiárias. A produção musical destacou a violência contra a mulher; o uso de drogas; a criminalidade; e, a necessidade de um fator de proteção, a espiritualidade/religiosidade. A atuação da terapia ocupacional com estas adolescentes propiciou um espaço de trocas afetivas e de experiências positivas.
KAMU BÜYÜKLÜĞÜ DIŞA AÇIKLIK İLİŞKİSİNİN ANALİZİ: TÜRKİYE ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: Yılmaz Şahin Burcu , Ceylan Servet
Published: August 2018

Dışa açıklığın makroekonomik
değişkenlere ve ekonomik büyümeye etkisi yıllardır tartışılmaktadır. Dışa
açıklık yeni ekonomik faaliyetlere ve uzun dönemde üretimin sektörel
bileşiminde değişikliğe neden olabilmektedir. Bunlar, üretim yapısında ve kamu
harcamalarının toplam harcamalar içindeki payında bir değişiklik olabilir.
Küreselleşme ve serbest ticaret, kamu harcamaları ve büyümesini etkilemekte
fakat bu etkinin yönü tartışılmaktadır. Kamu büyüklüğü ve dışa açıklık
arasındaki ilişkiye ilişkin literatürde üç temel hipotez vardır. Bu hipotezler
telafi hipotezi, etkinlik hipotezi ve sanayisizleşme (deindustrialization)
hipotezidir. Telafi hipotezine göre, kamu büyüklüğü ve dışa açıklık arasında
pozitif bir ilişki, etkinlik hipotezine göre negatif bir ilişki vardır.
Sanayisizleşme hipotezine göre ise kamu büyüklüğü ve dışa açıklık arasında
nedensellik ilişkisi yoktur.   Bu
çalışmada, kamu büyüklüğü ve dışa açıklık ilişkisi, 1998:1-2016:4 dönemini
kapsayan üç aylık verilerle Türkiye ekonomisi için tahmin edilmiştir.
Değişkenler arasındaki ilişkiler Engle-Granger Koentegrasyon ve Hata Düzeltme
Modeli kullanılarak araştırılmıştır. Ekonometrik analizler, Türkiye
ekonomisinde, kamu büyüklüğü ile dışa açıklık arasında uzun dönemli ilişki ve
kısa dönemde de çift yönlü bir nedensellik ilişkisi olduğunu göstermiştir.
Conserving and exploiting cocoa genetic resources: the key challenges
Authors:   Bioversity International, Italy, Laliberté Brigitte , End Michelle ,   INGENIC (The International Group for Genetic Improvement of Cocoa), UK, Cryer Nicholas ,   Mondelez International, UK, Daymond Andrew ,   University of Reading, UK, Engels Jan ,   Bioversity International, Italy, Eskes Albertus Bernardus ,   formerly CIRAD and Bioversity International, France, Gilmour Martin ,   MARS Global Chocolate, UK, Lachenaud Philippe ,   Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement, France, Phillips-Mora Wilbert ,   Center for Tropical Agriculture Research and Education, Costa Rica, Turnbull Chris ,   Cocoa Research Association Ltd., UK, Umaharan Pathmanathan ,   Cocoa Research Centre, The University of the West Indies, Trinidad and Tobago, Zhang Dapeng ,   USDA-ARS, USA, Weise Stephan ,   Bioversity International, Italy
Published: August 2018

The future of the world cocoa economy depends on the availability of genetic diversity and the sustainable use of this broad genetic base to breed improved varieties. Decreasing cacao genetic diversity (in situ, on-farm and conserved in collections) is a serious problem, and all its many causes need to be urgently addressed: the destruction of the Amazonian rainforests, changing patterns of land use, the spread of pests and diseases, sudden changes in climate and threats from natural disasters and extreme weather. These factors are resulting in an irreversible loss of the cacao genetic diversity so essential for farmers, breeders and consumers. A Global Strategy was published in 2012 to optimize the conservation and maximize the use of cacao genetic resources as the foundation of a sustainable cocoa economy. The chapter describes the key challenges, how they are being addressed and the priorities for further research and actions.
Safe handling and movement of cocoa germplasm for breeding
Authors:   University of Reading, UK, Daymond Andrew
Published: August 2018

Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) originated in South America, but is now cultivated in various parts of the tropics. Movement of cocoa germplasm is often required in breeding programmes to increase the genetic diversity pool or to test clones/progeny in the field. However, such movement brings with it the risks of spread of pests and diseases, many of which are confined to particular geographical locations. Thus, it is critical that movement of germplasm is conducted within a quarantine framework. This chapter reviews the risks associated with the movement of cocoa germplasm. It considers international governance of plant movement and discusses the International Cocoa Quarantine Centre at the University of Reading (ICQC,R) as a hub for safe handling and movement of cocoa germplasm.
Insect pests affecting cacao
Authors:   CIRAD, France, Bagny Beilhe Leïla , Babin Régis ,   CIRAD, France, ten Hoopen Martijn ,   CIRAD, France
Published: August 2018

Pests have a major impact on cacao production: estimates of losses due to pest and disease range from 30% to 40%. The use of chemical inputs, for example, pesticides and fertilizers, for pest and disease control and production enhancement, respectively, can have numerous negative impacts on the environment and human health. An integrated and holistic approach is therefore required to enhance and sustain crop production. This chapter presents the main insect pests attacking cacao in each of the three principal production regions: the Americas, Africa and Asia, and provides general information on control measures adopted for each of the main insect pests. The chapter also presents case studies that showcase how research can help to develop more sustainable and environmentally friendly control measures. Finally, the chapter discusses some of the non-traditional areas in which research should focus to overcome the challenges posed by insect pests.
BLOOD AND URINE ELECTROLYTES DYNAMIC PATTERN OBSERVED AT DIFFERENT MONITORING STAGES IN PATIENTS SUFFERING FROM TOXIC SHOCK SYNDROME AND UNDERGOING VARIOUS TYPES OF INFUSION THERAPY
Authors: Ivakhnenko E. V.
Published: August 2018

The need to study how the infusion therapy affects the electrolyte composition of blood is a topical issue nowadays. Such a study will provide the necessary answers and help us to introduce the most effective infusion therapy strategies for patients suffering from severe hemodynamic disorders accompanying toxic shock syndrome (TSS). The study analyzes and summarizes the examination and treatment results of 111 patients suffering from various forms of severe infectious disease complicated by TSS. As a result of the study, it was determined that infusion therapy using a combination of hypertensive and colloidal solutions significantly contributes to the rapid restoration of electrolyte composition and compensates for acidosis. Given these data, a combination of 10% sodium chloride solution with 6% colloidal solution can be considered a preferable solution for initial infusion therapy in patients suffering from TSS.
INFECTIOUS ENDOCARDITIS CAUSED BY A RARE AGENT BURKHOLDERIA CEPACIAN
Authors: Chipigina N. S. , Karpova N. Yu. , Leontieva N. P. , Evdokimov V. I. , Dubinin N. M. , Dubrovina A. S.
Published: August 2018

Introduction. Infectious endocarditis (IE) caused by microorganisms Burkholderia cepacia is a very rare and poorly characterized form of endocarditis.

Material and methods. We observed a case of late prosthetic mitral valve IE caused by Burkholderia cepacia in a 34-year-old patient.

Results. A patient with a congenital ventricular septum defect underwent surgery on the heart three times in past, including the resection of mitral valve vegetations due to IE at age 17 and mitral valve replacement plus ventricular septum defect plastic reconstruction at 33 years old. The last was complicated by postoperative purulent sterno-mediastenitis treated by thoracoplasty. 10 months later the fever with chills appeared again, a large vegetation on a mitral valve prosthesis was revealed, and Burkholderia cepacia bacteremia with multidrug resistance to antibiotics was find. After the start of treatment with trimethoprim / sulfamethoxazole, normal temperature was observed, but the course of IE was complicated by thromboembolism with a fatal outcome.

Conclusions. Multidrug resistance of the pathogen to antibiotics, including those empirically prescribed for IE, is the main risk factor for the adverse outcome of IE caused by Burkholderia cepacia. The lack of generally accepted recommendations determining the doses of antibiotics prescribed in accordance with the microorganism sensitivity is the problem still present in Burkholderia cepacia IE treatment.