bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Comparative Evaluation of Corneal Endothelium between Diabetic & Non-Diabetic Patients Undergoing Phacoemulsification in a Tertiary Hospital
Authors: Shaheed Mohammad Mahmoodus , Khan Mahfuza Rahman , Tasrif Samir , Farah Samira
Published: August 2023

Objective: To compare changes of corneal endothelium after phacoemulsification in diabetic patient comparison to non-diabetic patient.
Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted over 100 patients in a tertiary hospital from 01st January to 30th July 2020. Patients were selected purposively based on specific selection criteria. Patients were allocated into two groups: Group-I: cataract patient without diabetes mellitus and Group-II: cataract patient with diabetes mellitus. Selected patients underwent detailed ophthalmic and systemic examination as well as relevant laboratory investigation. Phacoemulsification was done in every patient by a single experienced surgeon under local anesthesia. Patients were evaluated pre-operatively, 7th POD and after one month post-operatively. In each visit, visual acuity, endothelial cell count, endothelial hexagonality, cell variability and central corneal thickness were recorded. All the relevant data were recorded in a pre-designed data collection sheet.
Results: The mean age of patients in group I and II were 54.40+3.22(SD) and 54.86+3.07(SD) years respectively. In group I, 29 (58%) were male and 21(42%) were female whereas in group II, 33 (66%) were male and 17(34%) were female. In Group-I, visual acuity in preoperative period, 7th POD and after one month were 0.734, 0.232 and 0.148 respectively and in Group-II, preoperatively, 7th POD and after one month were - 0.730, 0.260 and 0.148 respectively. In group I, Endothelial cell count per square millimeter in preoperative, 7th POD and after one month were- 2681.76, 2543.62 and 2518.68 respectively and in Group-II, preoperative, 7th POD and after one month were - 2596.62, 2378.84 and 2270.46 respectively. Hexagonality of endothelial cell count in group-I, pre-operative, 7th POD and after one month value were 64.34, 61.08 and 59.12; in group-II, pre-operative, 7th POD and after one month value were 63.80, 56.04 and 53.10 respectively. Cell size variability in group-I, pre-operative, 7th POD and after one month value were 30.76, 33.96 and 35.42; in group-II, pre-operative, 7th POD and after one month value were 29.58, 33.90 and 35.98 respectively. Central corneal thickness in group-I, pre-operative, 7th POD and after one month value were 534.04, 589.12 and 560.68; in group-II, pre-operative, 7th POD and after one month value were 530.12, 630.24 and 569.94 respectively.
Conclusion: By analyzing the results and findings, it may be concluded that corneal endothelium was greatly changed after phacoemulsification in diabetic patient in compare to non-diabetic patient.
J. Natl. Inst. Ophthalmol. 2022; 5(2):9-15
Consequences of Sclera-fixated Intraocular Lens (SFIOL) Implantation after 1 Year Follow Up
Authors: Sultana Zakia , Islam Shahidul , Sarker Sujit , Hossain Kabir , Sababa Masmum , Rahman Subarna
Published: August 2023

Purpose: To evaluate the consequences of sclera-fixated intraocular lens (SFIOL) after one year of implantation surgery.

Methods: This observational study was conducted among 50 patients at the National Institute of Ophthalmology and Hospital (NIOH), Dhaka, from June 2021 to December 2021. The study population was taken among patients whose SFIOL surgeries were performed in the Department of vitreo retina. The sampling method was purposive sampling. Variables were age, gender, best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), lens status, etiological factor, history of pars plana vitrectomy, and post-operative complications. All examinations were done accordingly, and collected data were correctly recorded. Ethical principles were followed.

Results: The mean age was 54±18.3 years where 72% of cases were male. Aphakia was present in 64% of patients, 14% of patients had pseudophakia, and 22% were phakic. Among the patients, 78% had a history of complications due to cataract surgery and 18% suffered from trauma. Both anterior and pars plana vitrectomy were done to 46% of patients, and 54% had been treated only with anterior vitrectomy. In this study, mean BCVA was 1.4±0.5 during admission, 0.8±0.3 during discharge, 0.5±0.3 after one month and 0.3±0.2 after one year. After one year, BCVA significantly decreased from admission (p=0.001). Post-operative complications were found in 6% of cases.

Conclusion: After SFIOL implantation, significant visual improvement appeared. It's a sight-saving process that gives patients better visual acuity.

J. Natl. Inst. Ophthalmol. 2022; 5(2):16-20
Efficacy of Topical Difluprednate in Control of Inflammation after Phacoemulsification
Authors: Rashid Md Abdur , Rahman Farhana , Khanam Mohosana , Shimu Farjana Sharmeen , Rahman KM Mizanur , Hossain Farzana
Published: August 2023

Objective: To study the efficacy of topical Difluprednate 0.05% ophthalmic emulsions in control of post-operative inflammation following phacoemulsification.

Methods: This randomized control study included hundred diagnosed cases of age-related cataract who visited at the National institute of Ophthalmology and Hospital in Bangladesh over one year period. The patients were divided into two groups –Difluprednate group and Prednisolone group. The post-operative grades of inflammation following phacoemulsification were assessed by slit-lamp examination.

Results: In the present study, majority of the patients were in age group of 55 to 65 years. Male: female ratio in Dfluprednate group was 29:21 and in Prednisolone group was 35:15. Anterior chamber flare and cells was seen in 52% of patients in Prednisolone group and in 56% of patients in the Difluprednate group by day 07, which regressed to mild (1-3) in both the groups by day 28. On day 42, the cells and flair were reduced to 4% in Difluprednate group and 8% at Prednisolon group. When the total scoring of all these parameters were compared, in Prednisolone group 34% of the patients persisted with mild (Grade1-3) inflammation on Day 28 as compared with 26% of the patients in Difluprednate group.

Conclusion: Both Difluprednate Ophthalmic Emulsion 0.05% eye drops and Prednisolone Acetate 1% eye drops were equally effective in reducing the inflammation following uncomplicated phacoemulsification. With proven efficacy of Difluprednate, we now have a new standard for potency in a topical corticosteroid, with excellent anti-inflammatory properties and an ideal formulation for our patients.

J. Natl. Inst. Ophthalmol. 2022; 5(2):37-41
Orbital lymphatic-venous malformation: A Review on the Management Strategies
Authors: Ul Kadir Syeed Mehbub , Sultana Sadia , Parveen Nishat , Rashid Riffat , Maurya Rajendra Prakash , Haider Golam
Published: August 2023

Still, there is no ideal guideline for managing orbital lymphatic-venous malformations. Significant advances have been made in the treatment of lymphatic-venous malformation. Here, we attempt to review the current and recent evidence on management strategies, including sclerotherapy agents, systemic medications, and techniques. The orbital lymphatic-venous malformation is notorious for being very difficult to treat due to risks of morbidity, loss of vision and periocular disfigurement. Management depends on lymphangioma size, cyst type, and location. One option is carefully watching patients without doing any treatment (Observation). The option of surgery has typically been delayed until necessary because of the high recurrence rate, a high risk of morbidity because of injury to the globe, extraocular muscles, vessels, and optic nerve, and it is difficult to remove the entire lesion. Sclerotherapy is famous for reducing the size of orbital lymphangioma. Systemic medication can reduce the size and improve the clinical symptoms where the lesions are difficult to access surgically or with injections. These treatment modalities aim to reduce the size of the lesions, and cosmetic disfigurement and free from pain caused by these lesions, also avoid vision_threatening complications.

J. Natl. Inst. Ophthalmol. 2022; 5(2):45-51
Effect of Social Factors on Female Teachers’ Professional Preparation at the University of Dhaka: Exploring the Challenges
Authors: Dey Aparna Rani
Published: August 2023

Professional preparation is the dynamic and core element that prepares and develops teachers’ professional practices. In Bangladesh, female integration into the high-status profession (like teaching at Dhaka University) has been seen as female empowerment and freedom of choice. Female teachers are a significant and indispensable part of education at the University of Dhaka; currently, thirty-two percent (32%) of its teachers are female. Literature shows that female professionals are not necessarily free from gender prejudice. This research explores by using the development of a qualitative case study how social factors can affect female teachers’ professional preparation and the dynamics of the challenges. Data were collected from one (1) gender specialist and six (6) female faculty members of the University of Dhaka using semi-structured in-depth interviews. The analysis suggested that social factors have substantial effects on female teachers’ professional preparation that limits their professional credibility and competency. The study also identified the challenges that influence social factors. The paper presents a critical observation about the emerging contemporary issues and will contribute to ameliorating cognition about female teachers’ professional development at the University of Dhaka.
Vol. 48 (University of Dhaka Centennial Special Issue), June 2022 p.71-82
‘On the ship, you can do anything’: the impact of international cruiseship employment for i-Kiribati women
Authors: Kagan Sophia
Published: August 2023

Kiribati is a remote, small island country with a long history of male temporary migration as a mechanism for relieving unemployment and facilitating remittances. This article looks at a unique case study of female i-Kiribati migration and is based on interviews with a small sample of i-Kiribati women who worked on international cruiseships between 2009-2012, thus providing interesting insight into first-time migration experiences of women from a remote island country. The findings suggest that while the experience did not generally lead to observable changes in their ability to manage remittances, nor in gender relations between husband and wife, employment on the ship did nonetheless have strong reported benefits in terms of independence, skills development and confidence of the women interviewed. These findings corroborate existing literature showing while entrenched gender norms rarely shift directly due to women’s migration experiences, migration does contribute to the women’s empowerment through increased agency and ability to make decisions, both during and after their migration.
Internal Migration in the Pacific Islands: a regional overview
Authors: Naidu Vijay , Vaike Linda
Published: August 2023

Internal migration in the Pacific islands, especially in Melanesia has become more widespread and intense over the last 50 years. However, this movement of people from smaller ‘outer’ islands and interior regions of the larger islands to ‘main’ islands and coastal towns and cities is less documented, and studied when compared to international migration from Pacific Island Countries PICs). This paper seeks to provide an overview of internal migration in PICs using the apparently contradictory standpoints of urban bias theory, and new economic geography as well as by using historical and contemporary information to provide the context of current internal migration trends. It is shown that there are significant gaps in the provision of statistics relating to both inter-provincial migration and urbanization, particularly with regards to gendered information. The paper maintains that with modernization there has been on-going improvement in girls and women’s access to education, and opportunities of employment in the formal sector. As both higher educational and employment opportunities are primarily found in urban areas, the previously male dominated migration patterns are being replaced by movements that exhibit greater gender parity.
Prediksi Landaan Bencana Tsunami Ketinggian 5 dan 12 Meter di Kota Padang, Sumatera Barat
Authors: Rahmadhani Z Suci Fitria , Teuku Yan W.N  , Cipta Endayana
Published: August 2023

Kota Padang menjadi salah satu kota di Indonesia yang berada dan berkembang di pesisir barat Pulau Sumatra. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran tsunami dan dampak yang akan ditimbulkan oleh bencana tsunami jika melanda wilayah yang ada di Kota Padang dengan menggunakan parameter garis pantai Kota Padang, administrasi, slope dan tutupan lahan yang akan diolah dengan memanfaatkan Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG) pada software Arcgis. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu Tsunami Inundation dan cost-distance. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat enam kecamatan di Kota Padang yang terkena dampak dari bencana tsunami dengan ketinggian air 5 dan 12 meter diantaranya yaitu Kecamatan Padang Selatan, Padang Timur, Padang Barat, Padang Utara, Nanggalo, Koto Tangah dengan jarak landaan tsunami sekitar 1,5 hingga 3 kilometer ke arah daratan Kota Padang.
Katakunci : Sumtra. Mitigasi, Tsunami Inundation, Padang, Sistem Informasi Geografis
MILITARY EDUCATION OF UKRAINIAN YOUTH OF GALICIA IN PLASTUN CIRCLES BEFORE THE FIRST WORLD WAR
Authors: KONDRACH Yaroslav
Published: August 2023

The article examines the military education of Ukrainian youth in Galicia before the First World War. The main emphasis in the study was given to Ukrainian plastun organizations. The first national military formations were created on the example of these paramilitary groups, which organized and trained Ukrainian youth to fight for national interests during the First World War. Members of the societies became the basis of the first armed Ukrainian formation of the 20th century – the Legion of Ukrainian Sich Riflemen. It should be noted that the idea of military training of young people was not positively received by the entire Galician society, part of which was against military methods of struggle.

So, since its inception, the first important period in the history of Plast fell on the three pre-war years. It was testified that the Scout idea found fertile ground on Ukrainian soil. It was emphasized that due to the peculiarities of historical development, Plast took deeper roots only in Galicia. It was determined that from the time of its creation and the closer the time was to the war, the more stages of militarization of Plast there were. It is highlighted that before the war, Plast movement was mainly viewed as a military preparatory factor. At the same time, its essence was determined by the fact that the nation could win victory for statehood only by force of arms. Continuing the topic of the place and role of Plast in Ukrainian society, we note that, according to its ideological and worldview guidelines, the formation of not only people of a new generation, but also people's leaders, the national elite was foreseen. For this, Plast had to raise an energetic person with a willful character and a deep sense of national dignity. It was emphasized that one of the tasks of Plast was to reach the consciousness of the entire Ukrainian nation through educated youth and to awaken its own identity in it, and it was concluded that the deep intention of Plast was to subordinate all the activities of its members to the needs of the Ukrainian nation. So, let's summarize that the ultimate goal of the Plastun circles was the only one – the acquisition of their own state.

The examination of the topic in the context of military-historical and memoir literature was traced, in which scientific materials were found on the role of Plast members in ideological, organizational and military education.

Keywords: Plast, Galicia, military school, the Legion of Ukrainian Sich Riflemen, youth organizations.
Perfil epidemiológico da mortalidade por câncer de mama no estado de Mato de Grosso, Brasil, de 2011 a 2021
Authors: Siqueira Gustavo Bruno Martins de , Garcia Rayane Manoel , Raia Vanessa de Almeida , Alessio Junior Luiz Eduardo , Alessio Aline Morandi
Published: August 2023

Objetivo: Analisar e descrever o perfil epidemiológico da mortalidade por câncer de mama no Estado de Mato Grosso (MT), Brasil, no período de 2011 a 2021. Metodologia: Estudo epidemiológico descritivo, com dados coletados do Portal Secretaria de Estado de Saúde de Mato Grosso e analisados no software Microsoft Excel 2016 e SPSS. Resultado: Aumento significativo de 60% no número de mortes por câncer de mama em MT durante o período do estudo. Em 2021, houve a maior frequência de abolição (11,2%), sendo o sexo feminino o mais afetado (98,3%). As faixas etárias de 50 a 59 anos, 60 a 69 anos e 40 a 49 anos juntas representam 66,6% dos óbitos. A raça parda representou 49,8% dos óbitos, sendo os indivíduos com 8 a 11 anos de estudo a maior taxa de mortalidade (25,9%). A causa básica de classificação não especificada da mama (50,9) representou (85%) dos óbitos, e 75% das vítimas receberam assistência médica. Notadamente, 96,1% dos óbitos por câncer de mama não tiveram investigação ambulatorial. A macrorregião Centro-Norte, que inclui o município de Cuiabá, foi responsável por 51,8% dos óbitos. As ocupações dos grupos 4 e 5 foram responsáveis por 72,9% dos óbitos. Conclusão: a mortalidade por câncer de mama em MT apresenta peculiaridades em relação à realidade nacional, principalmente nas variáveis raça/cor e tempo de escolaridade, devido às singularidades socioeconômicas e à história natural da doença. No entanto, a maioria das variáveis analisadas apresentou tendência de mortalidade semelhante à epidemiologia do câncer de mama no Brasil.
Contribuições da equipe multiprofissional de saúde no cuidado aos adolescentes em conflito com a lei: Revisão integrativa
Authors: Depret Davi , Passos Juliana Pereira , Bagni Ursula Viana , Lima Renan Santos , Navegantes Filipi Muniz Silva , Silva Jonatas José Luiz Soares da
Published: August 2023

Objetivo: Realizar uma revisão integrativa da literatura acerca do trabalho da equipe multiprofissional de saúde nas unidades socioeducativas brasileiras. Metodologia: Trata-se de revisão integrativa da literatura realizada entre junho e julho de 2023 nas bases de dados SciELO e Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde através do cruzamento dos descritores “Adolescente Institucionalizado”, “Saúde do Adolescente Institucionalizado”, “Serviços de Saúde do Adolescente” e “Equipe de Assistência ao Paciente”. Como critérios de inclusão foram aceitas pesquisas na íntegra, nos idiomas português, inglês e espanhol e foram excluídos trabalhos duplicados e que não atendessem à temática proposta. Resultados: Após a aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão, foram selecionadas seis pesquisas para a revisão que geraram duas ilhas temáticas de discussão: (1) a equipe multiprofissional enquanto ferramenta do cuidado no sistema socioeducativo e (2) a saúde mental enquanto cenário de atuação da equipe multiprofissional. Conclusão: O trabalho da equipe multiprofissional de saúde é fundamental para o cotidiano de cuidado destes adolescentes, devendo ser estimuladas publicações que reflitam o trabalho realizado nas unidades socioeducativas, sobretudo com ênfase na práxis destas equipes.
Cyst in the fetal pelvis: An integrative review
Authors: Faustino Luana Santos , Castro Izabella Andrade , Requeijo Márcio José Rosa
Published: August 2023

Introduction: The cyst in the fetal pelvis is a condition that can cause concern and anxiety in parents, since it can be identified during ultrasound examinations performed during pregnancy. This anomalous finding in the pelvic region of the fetus may raise questions about the impact on the baby's health and potential complications during intrauterine development. Objective: To provide a comprehensive and up-to-date analysis of the cyst in the fetal pelvis, addressing its definition, causes, diagnosis and possible clinical consequences. Methodology: This study follows the guidelines of an integrative review, adopting a descriptive and qualitative approach. Results and Discussion: The evidence selection process prioritized the most comprehensive and up-to-date materials on the subject of fetal pelvic cyst. It is important to emphasize that, although complications are possible, not all cases of cyst in the fetal pelvis will result in serious clinical consequences. Most ovarian cysts in fetuses tend to regress spontaneously, and adequate medical follow-up is essential to monitor the development and evolution of the cysts. Conclusion: In short, the importance of up-to-date knowledge about fetal pelvic cysts is evident, including its definition, causes, diagnosis and possible clinical consequences. The in-depth understanding of this condition allows for an appropriate approach, offering peace of mind to parents and ensuring the health and well-being of the fetus. As fetal medicine advances, it is expected that new studies and technological advances will continue to improve our knowledge and clinical management of these cysts, providing better patient outcomes.
OPTIMASI NAIVE BAYES BERBASIS PSO UNTUK ANALISA SENTIMEN PERKEMBANGAN ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE DI TWITTER
Authors: Indrayuni Elly , Nurhadi Acmad
Published: August 2023

At present the development of Artificial Intelligence technology is progressing rapidly. There are many new artificial intelligence technologies available in various fields. Artificial Intelligence is an artificial intelligence program that can study data, perform processes of thinking and acting like humans. The presence of Artificial Intelligence technology has many positive impacts, especially in increasing work effectiveness and efficiency. However, AI is also a threat to human resources because slowly human work is being replaced by Artificial Intelligence. Various opinions about the development of Artificial Intelligence are widely discussed on social media such as Twitter. Sentiment analysis is a computational study to automatically categorize opinions into positive or negative categories. In this study, the Naive Bayes algorithm was used to analyze sentiment or public opinion regarding the development of Artificial Intelligence for Twitter users. The data collection method used is crawling data on Twitter. The results of the sentiment classification test for the development of Artificial Intelligence using Naive Bayes yield an accuracy value of 86.42%. Meanwhile, the results of the sentiment classification test using Naive Bayes based on Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) increased with an accuracy value of 87.55%. Based on the results of this study, the use of PSO as an optimization technique for the Naive Bayes algorithm is proven to be the best algorithm model in sentiment analysis for the development of Artificial Intelligence for English text.
RAINFALL PREDICTION USING SEASONAL AUTOREGRESSIVE INTEGRATED MOVING AVERAGE AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM APPROACH
Authors: Munir Agus Qomaruddin , Ismanto Heru
Published: August 2023

Rainfall is one indicator to determine the estimated adequacy of groundwater on agricultural land. The groundwater availability produced by rain can determine cropping patterns in an area. The availability of rainfall data depends on the accuracy of information on current climate conditions. This case causes the related parties to find difficulty determining the classification of cropping patterns in the future. Accurate rainfall prediction models are needed to overcome the problem of shifting rain patterns. Rainfall prediction models in determining cropping patterns are recommended by FAO, such as linear regression, which is still widely used today. This study aims to develop a new model of rainfall prediction by using the method SARIMA to determine cropping patterns to increase crop yields. Rainfall data was used from 2010 to 2020 from seven rainfall collection stations in Sleman Regency, and they are used as training data to predict future rainfall. The output of the data analysis is a prediction of rainfall in the range of January-April, which is predicted to be high, May-August, which is predicted to be low; and September-December, which is predicted to be moderate. In addition, based on the identified cropping patterns, recommendations can be given to farmers to set cropping schedules and strategies to increase the productivity of the farmland. The testing of accuracy forecasting used relative mean absolute error (RMAE) for 12 months. The results of the forecasting accuracy test for 12 months in Sleman Regency showed RMAE average of 1.46 was considered low, for it was still below 10%.
IMPLEMENTATION OF IMAGE PROCESSING IN THE RECOGNITION OF OFFICIAL VEHICLE LICENSE PLATES
Authors: Setiawan Santoso , Sulistyowati Daning Nur , Machmud Nurman
Published: August 2023

Vehicle license plates are identifiers used to uniquely identify vehicles. However, to identify vehicle license plates there are several problems encountered, namely the different formats of vehicle license plates that make license plate recognition more complicated, vehicle license plates often contain visually similar combinations of letters and numbers (for example the letter "O" and the number "0" or the letter "I" and the number "1"), . in poor lighting conditions license plates may not be clearly visible. To solve this problem, image recognition, image processing, and pattern recognition technologies can be used. The three technologies can be used to recognize characters on vehicle license plates, but cannot yet be used to recognize the colors contained on vehicle license plates. The purpose of this research is to identify and record vehicle license plate numbers quickly and accurately, monitor the presence of vehicles in a supervised area, assist in managing parking, reduce the need for human interaction in the vehicle identification process, The methods used to recognize motor vehicle plates are edge detection and character segmentation which involves image processing to detect the edges of the vehicle plate, followed by segmentation of individual characters in the plate. Another method used is optical character recognition which involves using an optical sensor to take an image of a vehicle plate, then using character recognition techniques to identify the numbers and letters on the plate. The result of this research is that the motor vehicle number recognition system can work in various lighting conditions and poor weather conditions and can monitor and control vehicles in the parking area. The finding obtained from this research is that no method has been used for color recognition on motor vehicle plates.
PREDICTION PERFORMANCE OF AIRPORT TRAFFIC USING BILSTM AND CNN-BI-LSTM MODELS
Authors: Riyadi Willy , Jasmir Jasmir
Published: August 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant and enduring impact on the aviation industry, necessitating the accurate prediction of airport traffic. This study compares the predictive accuracy of biLSTM (Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory) and CNN-biLSTM (Convolutional Neural Network-Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory) models using various optimization techniques such as RMSProp, Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD), Adam, Nadam, and Adamax. The evaluation is based on Mean Absolute Error (MAE) and Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) indices. In the United States, the biLSTM model utilizing the Nadam optimizer achieved an MAPE score of 9.76%. On the other hand, the CNN-biLSTM model utilizing the Nadam optimizer demonstrated a slightly improved MAPE score of 9.62%. For Australia, the biLSTM model using the Nadam optimizer obtained an MAPE score of 31.52%. However, the CNN-biLSTM model employing the RMSprop optimizer had a marginally higher MAPE score of 33.33%. In Chile, the biLSTM model using the Adam optimizer obtained an MAPE score of 44.04%. Conversely, the CNN-biLSTM model using the RMSprop optimizer had a slightly higher MAPE score of 44.09%. Lastly, in Canada, the biLSTM model using the Nadam optimizer achieved a comparatively low MAPE score of 14.99%. Similarly, the CNN-biLSTM model utilizing the Adam optimizer demonstrated a slightly better MAPE score of 14.75%. These results highlight that the choice of optimization technique, model architecture, and balanced dataset can significantly influence the prediction accuracy of airport traffic.
Management of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: a long-term perspective
Authors:   , Mahmoud Remi
Published: August 2023

Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis are inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), characterized by relapsing-remitting inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. IBD patients may experience abdominal pain, diarrhea, rectal bleeding, weight loss and severe fatigue. In the long term, inflammation irreversibly damages the gut and increases the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). Since approximately 2000, new drugs including anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha (anti-TNF) agents have improved the management of IBD. Simultaneously, advances have been made in endoscopic techniques for visualization of the intestinal mucosa and resection of (pre)malignant lesions.
This thesis focuses on the long-term management of IBD. In section 1, we discuss whether patients with longstanding disease remission during anti-TNF treatment could safely withdraw treatment. Our studies indicate that withdrawal of co-medication (thiopurines, methotrexate) is relatively safe, but withdrawal of anti-TNF agents is associated with a high relapse risk. Endoscopically confirmed remission of disease and measurement of serum drug levels may help to predict the relapse risk. Section 2 discusses prevention of colitis-associated CRC. Screening for CRC is performed with colonoscopies to identify and resect pre-malignant lesions (dysplasia). We assessed potential risk factors for CRC in patients with IBD, including post-inflammatory polyps. Knowledge of risk factors for CRC in patients with IBD may aid to determine the optimal surveillance interval. This would allow prevention and/or early identification of CRC in high-risk patients, and reduce the burden and health care costs for patients at low risk of CRC.
Does the treatment of primary hyperaldosteronism influence glucose tolerance?
Authors: Štrauch B , Widimsky J , Šindelka G , Škrha J
Published: August 2023

Primary hyperaldosteronism (PH) is frequently considered to be a secondary form of diabetes mellitus (DM). In our previous study we attempted to evaluate the prevalence of DM among patients with PH compared to control subjects with essential hypertension (EH). We have noted a relatively high prevalence of DM and impaired glucose tolerance in PH, but the differences between the PH and EH groups did not reach statistical significance. We performed this study to assess whether the effective treatment of PH (surgical and conservative) would improve the glucose tolerance. We have studied 24 patients with PH of the following two subtypes: aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA) treated with adrenalectomy and idiopathic hyperaldosteronism (IHA) treated with spironolactone. No significant changes of glucose levels were found in the 60th and 120th min of the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in the APA group. On the other hand, fasting glucose levels were decreased significantly after adrenalectomy. Plasma glucose levels were significantly increased in the 60th min, but no differences were found in fasting values and in the 120th min in the IHA group. There was a significantly higher incidence of impaired glucose tolerance (36 % before, 45 % after treatment) and DM (9 %, 18 %) in the IHA group compared to the APA group (8 %, 32 %; DM 0 %, 0 %). In conclusion, the treatment of PH does not improve glucose tolerance. Mild worsening of glucose tolerance after treatment could be explained by an increase of the body mass index. These data, in accordance with our previous study, do not support the idea that PH is a secondary form of diabetes mellitus.
Time course of leukocyte response and free radical release in an early reperfusion injury of the superior mesenteric artery
Authors: Hamar J , Rácz I , Číž M , Lojek A , Pállinger É , Fűrész J
Published: August 2023

The sequence of changes in circulating immune cells and in free radical production was studied during the small intestine reperfusion. Rat small intestine ischemia/reperfusion was induced by a 45 min superior mesenteric artery occlusion followed by a 4-hour reperfusion. Samples of peripheral blood were collected every 20 min during reperfusion. While the number of polymorphonuclear leukocytes increased significantly both in the sham-operated controls and the experimental group (about 400 % at the end of reperfusion), a decrease in lymphocyte counts to 60 % was observed in the experimental group only. Although there were no changes in the counts of total T lymphocytes, a significant reduction in B cell counts was observed. Flow-cytometrical measurements showed no changes in the Tc subpopulation, while the Th subpopulation increased in the experimental group only. Free radical generation in blood (luminometric measurements) increased gradually and reached an eight-fold level by the end of reperfusion in both groups. Thus, it has been shown that the increase in free radical production is mainly due to the increased number of polymorphonuclear leukocytes mobilized already at the initial stages of reperfusion. The reduction in B lymphocyte population is probably due to homing mechanisms.
Microvascular reactivity in patients with hypercholesterolemia: the effect of lipid lowering treatment
Authors: Štulc T , Kasalová Z , Prázný M , Vrablík M , Škrha J , Češka R
Published: August 2023

Impaired NO-dependent vasodilation of resistance vessels is an early marker of an increased risk of atherosclerosis; utility of the examination of microcirculation, however, is far less established. We have therefore tested the hypothesis that hypercholesterolemia is associated with an impaired microvascular reactivity and that this defect is at least partially reversible by lipid-lowering treatment. Twenty-seven otherwise healthy patients with severe hypercholesterolemia (HLP) were examined at rest and then after 10 weeks of atorvastatin treatment (20 mg/day). Skin microvascular reactivity (MVR) was examined by laser-Doppler flowmetry. Baseline MVR values of the studied group were compared to healthy control subjects, HLP patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and diabetic patients with and without diabetic retinopathy. MVR was normal in HLP subjects without CAD. On the contrary, MVR was impaired in HLP patients with CAD. There was no effect of atorvastatin on MVR, despite the profound reduction of serum lipids. MVR values did not correlate with cholesterol levels. In diabetic subjects, the MVR was substantially impaired only in patients with retinopathy. In the subjects without retinopathy, MVR was either normal (type I diabetes) or moderately impaired (type II diabetes). MVR was thus normal in HLP patients without manifest vascular disease and was not influenced by lipid lowering therapy. Impairment in the MVR was only evident in subjects with HLP and severe CAD. These results suggest that microcirculation is not involved in the early vascular dysfunction induced by HLP and that MVR rather reflects changes which appear later in the course of the atherosclerotic disease.
Long release latencies are increased by acetylcholine at frog endplate
Authors: Samigullin D , Bukharaeva EA , Nikolsky E , Adámek S , Vyskočil F
Published: August 2023

Uni-quantal endplate currents (EPCs) were recorded extracellularly at the frog neuromuscular synapse and their latency dispersions expressed as P90 were estimated in the presence of acetylcholine. Stimulation-evoked EPCs with long release latencies increased in number when acetylcholine was applied. P90, which is designated as the interval between the minimal synaptic delay and the time at which 90 % of all measured uni-quantal EPCs had occurred, was significantly and reversibly increased by 66% from 0.51 ms to 0.85 ms in the presence of 5x10-4 M acetylcholine. This indicates that the evoked release pattern is less synchronous and the increased asynchrony leads to a substantial drop (by 28%) in the amplitude of reconstructed multi-quantal currents.
John Calvin tentang Kerja dan Relevansinya dengan Pekerja Kristen Kontemporer di Indonesia
Authors: Winarjo Hendra
Published: August 2023

Artikel ini adalah sebuah studi teologi kerja di dalam pemikiran John Calvin. Dengan menimba dan menganalisis pemikiran Calvin tentang kerja sebagai vokasi dan juga pelayanan, penulis berpendapat bahwa terdapat ketegangan, tetapi juga keterkaitan erat antara kerja sebagai vokasi dan pelayanan dalam pemikiran Calvin. Bagi Calvin, selain sebagai vokasi, pekerjaan juga adalah sarana bagi manusia untuk melayani sesama dalam kasih dan keadilan, sebab kerja juga adalah untuk memenuhi kebutuhan satu sama lain demi kebaikan bersama. Hasil studi ini menunjukkan adanya keterkaitan erat antara vokasi dan pelayanan dalam bekerja yang tidak dapat mengabaikan yang satu dan menekankan yang lain lain, dalam hal ini mengabaikan pelayanan dan menekankan vokasi dalam kerja. Pada kenyataannya, dengan merangkul pekerjaan baik sebagai vokasi maupun pelayanan dalam pekerjaan mereka, para pekerja Kristen dapat benar-benar memuliakan Tuhan dengan memanusiakan manusia.
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING (PBL) MODEL TO IMPROVE THE FIFTH-GRADE ELEMENTARY STUDENTS’ INTEGRATED THEMATIC LEARNING OUTCOMES
Authors: Putri Salsabila Nadya , Lena Mai Sri
Published: August 2023

This paper reports students’ learning outcomes by applying the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model in class V at SDN 11 Kurao Pagang Padang in thematic learning. The research is CAR (Classroom Action Research) by applying qualitative and quantitative approaches. In order to obtain the expected learning outcomes by implementing the PBL model, four activities are applied, namely planning, implementing, observing, and reflecting. In Cycle I, the result indicates a percentage value of 81.25% and increased to 97.5% in Cycle II. In the implementation aspect, the learning outcome in Cycle 1 was 80.35 and increased to 96.42% in Cycle II. In another aspect, learning outcomes indicate an average score of 77.25 in Cycle I and increased to 87 in Cycle II. Therefore, it can be concluded that the model, Problem-based Learning model (PBL), can produce an increase in the acquisition of students’ learning outcomes.
APPLYING PROJECT-BASED LEARNING TO REINFORCE THE STUDENTS’ CHARACTER
Authors: Putri Astri Komara
Published: August 2023

21st-century skills become a concerning matter for all educators due to the challenges that the young generation will face in the future. And educators are on the essential duty to implement the proper teaching methods to support the students in achieving the competencies as well. The presence of "The 4Cs" (Communication, Collaboration, Critical Thinking, Problem-Solving, Creativity, and Innovation) as an indicator for learning outcomes are important components that cannot be separated in areas of life. These four skills are also included in the teaching and learning models named project-based learning. It is a teaching model that can lead students to experience an inquiry process. Students are expected to be able to develop knowledge, skills, and attitudes as the basic assessment for teachers in the context of character education The outline of this paper is that first the concept of Project-Based Learning, the overview of character education, and lastly reviewing a number of theories of 4Cs skills to strengthen character building for students.
The Effect of the Problem-Based Learning Model on Students’ Learning Motivation in Social Arithmetic Materials
Authors: Ulva Erpina , Murni Atma
Published: August 2023

This study aimed to determine the effect of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model on students' learning motivation on Social Arithmetic material. This study was conducted to see the effect of the application of the PBL model on students' learning motivation in terms of the overall high-level students in the research sample. This study uses an experimental method with a pretest-posttest control group design. The population in this study were seventh-grade students of State Junior High Schools in Kuantan Regency. The population comes from high-level schools. The sample in this study was SMP Negeri 1 Taluk Kuantan (high level). There was one experimental class and one control class in the schools that became the research sample. The results showed that it was significant 0.000 < 0.05, which means that there is an effect of the application of PBL on students' learning motivation in terms of all students in which students' learning motivation using the PBL model is better than students using conventional learning.
Development of animated videos in social science learning for fourth-grade elementary schools
Authors: Faber Faber , Erlisnawati Erlisnawati , Syahrilfuddin Syahrilfuddin , Marhadi Hendri , Noviana Eddy
Published: August 2023

This study aims to develop an animated video media for fourth grade social studies learning about economic diversity in Riau. This research is research and development with the 4D model, namely define, design, development and dissemination. The instruments used to obtain data were questionnaires (validation questionnaires and response questionnaires) and interviews. While the data obtained came from 2 validators, namely material experts and media experts, as well as 1 practitioner (teacher) and 12 students from one of the public elementary schools in Pekanbaru. Data collection techniques used were validity questionnaires, teacher response questionnaires, student responses and interviews. The results showed that the animated video media developed received very valid criteria with a proportion of 96.4% from material experts in the very valid category and very valid criteria with a score of 84.5% from media experts. The results of the teacher's answers get a very good score with a score proportion of 89.2%, one-to-one test results get a very good score with a score proportion of 90% and small group test results get a very good score with a proportion of 83.8%. It can be interpreted that animated video media is feasible and valid for use in learning.
The influence of blended learning model assisted by YouTube application during the Covid-19 pandemic on fifth graders’ thematic learning outcomes
Authors: Fitriyana Kharisma Nur , Pranata Khavisa
Published: August 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has forced educational institutions worldwide to rapidly adapt to remote teaching and learning methods. Blended learning models that combine online and offline methods have emerged as a popular approach to facilitate effective teaching during the pandemic. This study examines the influence of a blended learning model assisted by YouTube application on the thematic learning outcomes of fifth-grade students during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study uses a quasi-experimental design with a pre-test and post-test control group. The results show that the blended learning model significantly improved students' thematic learning outcomes compared to the traditional classroom approach. The study also found that the YouTube application played a significant role in facilitating students' engagement and motivation in the learning process. Overall, this study provides valuable insights into the effectiveness of blended learning models and the potential of technology-assisted learning during the COVID-19 pandemic.
ANALYSIS OF TEACHING FACTORY IMPLEMENTATION IN VOCATIONAL SCHOOL CASE STUDY: PUBLIC VOCATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL 1 LABUAN BAJO
Authors: Berybe Gregorius Antariksa , Diamat Maksimus , Wadhi Yohanes Paulus Hanny
Published: August 2023

Teaching Factory is a learning model at Vocational School based on production/services that refer to standards and procedures applied in the industry. The implementation of the Teaching Factory requires industry involvement. Parameters to measure the achievement of the Teaching Factory implementation are management, facilities, learning patterns, marketing-promotions, products-service, human resources, and industrial relations. The purpose of the research in this paper is to find out the implementation of the Teaching Factory in the Hospitality Program at public Vocational High School 1 Labuan Bajo. The research uses the qualitative descriptive method. Data collection techniques were carried out through observation, interviews, and documentation. Data were analyzed by reducing, displaying, and verifying data. The results indicate that the achievement of the implementation of the Teaching Factory in the Hospitality Program at Public Vocational High School 1 Labuan Bajo, based on several achievement measurement parameters, there are still some shortcomings in terms of Management, Marketing-promotion, Human Resources, and learning patterns. The need for commitment to the implementation and evaluation of Teaching Factory must be applied to improve the quality of learning to produce graduates who are competent for industry needs.
THE EFFECT OF THE MIND MAPPING COOPERATIVE LEARNING MODEL TO IMPROVE THE FOURTH-GRADE ELEMENTARY STUDENTS’ LEARNING OUTCOMES IN THEME 8 AT UPT SD NEGERI 064025 MEDAN SELAYANG
Authors: Sitio Nova S.P , Silaban Patri Janson , Prima Sari Anna Stasya
Published: August 2023

This paper discusses the improvement of students’ learning outcomes and the process of learning implementation by applying the Mind Mapping learning model in order to find out whether there is an effect of the Mind Mapping learning model in the area where I live for students in class IV at UPT SD Negeri 064025 Medan Selayang in the academic year 2022/2023 or not. The research population is 105 students of class IV. The sample was taken by simple random sampling based on 30 students in Class IVC UPT SD Negeri 064025 in the academic year 2022/2023. The method was the experimental method. The experimental method was used to find out the effect of certain treatments on other treatments under controlled conditions. Based on the results of statistical processing, students’ learning outcomes by applying the Mind Mapping learning model are in a good category with an average score of 82.87. Meanwhile, students’ learning outcomes without applying the Mind Mapping learning model have not fulfilled the KKM that has been implemented with an average score of 47.4. By using the t-test, tcount is 8.602 while ttable is 2.042. Because tcount ≥ ttable,so Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted. It proves that there is a significant effect of the Mind Mapping learning model on the fourth-grade students’ learning outcomes at IV UPT SD Negeri 064025 Medan Selayang academic year 2022/2023.
THE EFFECT OF USING SONG ON THE FOURTH-GRADE STUDENTS’ LEARNING MOTIVATION IN NATURAL SCIENCE LEARNING SUBJECT AT FREE METHODIST 2 PRIVATE ELEMENTARY SCHOOL MEDAN
Authors: Simbolon Rosari Hotma J , Lumbanraja Bogor , Silaban Patri Janson , Abi Antonius Remigius , Anzelina Dewi
Published: August 2023

This paper refers to research about the effect of using song as media on fourth-grade students' learning motivation in natural science learning subjects at Free Methodist 2 Private Elementary School Medan in the academic year 2022/2023. The research method used is the experimental method. The research population was 84 fourth-grade students from 3 classes at Free Methodist 2 Private Elementary School Medan in the academic year 2022/2023. The sampling technique used a purposive sample and the sample used was class IV C, which consisted of 30 students. The research results indicate that students' learning motivation using song media is categorized in the high category with an average score of 79.23 with a correlation test result of 0.865, which means rcount (0.865) ≥ rtable (0.361), hence Ha is accepted. Furthermore, there is a significant effect between the use of song media and students' learning motivation in natural science learning subjects in class IV of Free Methodist 2 Elementary School Medan. It can be seen from the results of the T-test research where tcount 9,123 ≥ ttable 1,071 that Ha is accepted. It shows that there is a positive and significant effect from the use of song media on the fourth-grade students' learning motivation in natural science learning subjects at SD Free Methodist 2 Medan in the academic year 2022/2023.