bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prototipo de satélite CanSat: Un Enfoque Interdisciplinario en Educación STEM
Authors: León-Paredes Raúl , Sanchez-Cornejo Irvyn , Cárdenas-Valdez José Ricardo , Calvillo-Téllez Ándres
Published: November 2024

Se aborda la solución a una problemática, auxiliada por la educación interdisciplinaria de establecer las comunicaciones de un satélite con una estación terrena, se requiere de habilidades tanto duras como blandas. Estas habilidades permiten brindar soluciones enmarcadas en la ciencia espacial y la ingeniería de comunicaciones, apoyadas por la tecnología de sistemas embebidos. Logrando dar certidumbre al enlace satelital, mediante la estimando matemáticamente la viabilidad de la cobertura de comunicaciones. El análisis de la educación interdisciplinaria integra conocimientos obtenidos de la práctica para resolver problemas complejos, tales como las comunicaciones satelitales. Se evaluaron las tecnologías LoRa y ZigBee para la comunicación de un CanSat, un prototipo de satélite en miniatura utilizado en misiones científicas y tecnológicas. En el campo de la ciencia y la ingeniería aeroespacial. Como resultado, LoRa (Long Range) logra un mayor rango de transmisión en comparación con ZigBee, siendo ideal para aplicaciones que requieren comunicación a larga distancia, mientras que ZigBee es adecuado para distancias cortas en entornos interiores.
Plataforma experimental que emula la dinámica de orientación de nanosatélites
Authors: Castrellón-López Alan Naresh , Ramirez-Rodriguez Matias , Gama-Moctezuma Emmanuel , Maya-Gress Kristian Freyri , Villafuerte-Segura Raúl
Published: November 2024

Desde sus orígenes, la humanidad ha deseado conocer y explorar la inmensidad del espacio exterior. Comenzando con relatos literarios como El sueño o Astronomía de la Luna de Johannes Kepler, considerada por Isaac Asimov y Carl Sagan como la primera novela de ciencia ficción de la historia. Hasta impulsos discordantes como la Carrera Espacial, comenzada el 29 de julio de 1955 por el presidente Dwight Eisenhower de EEUU, cuando declaró que lanzarían un satélites para contribuir al Año Geofísico Internacional (1957-58). Aunque este tipo de desarrollos tecnológicos y científicos son propios de países de altos ingresos o “primermundistas”, países de bajos recursos, como México, deben de buscar alternativas costeables para poder contribuir a estos quehaceres. Razón por la cuál, en el presente manuscrito se propone el diseño, la puesta en marcha y el control de una plataforma experimental inspirada en un CubeSat, satélite diseñado para orbitar alrededor de la Tierra, cuya estructura es escalable en cubos de 0.1 m3 de arista y masa inferior a 1.33[k]. Así como un análisis matemático para garantizar el control y la manipulación de la velocidad y el sentido de giro de una rueda de reacción inercial para orientar el posicionamiento de dicha plataforma. Como consigna, la plataforma pueda realizar seguimiento a una fuente de luz, a fin de demostrar una aplicación industrial ampliamente utilizada en el sector aeroespacial.
Optimización del comportamiento de flujo en un impulsor centrífugo radial mediante el rediseño del borde de ataque
Authors: Juárez-Navarro Carlos Alfonso , Rivera-López Jesús Eduardo , Arciniega-Martínez José Luis , López-Aguado-Montes José Luis
Published: November 2024

Este estudio investiga la mejora del comportamiento del flujo en un impulsor centrífugo radial mediante el rediseño del borde de ataque del álabe. Utilizando técnicas avanzadas de Dinámica de Fluidos Computacional (CFD), se analizaron tres configuraciones distintas de borde de ataque para evaluar su impacto en la eficiencia y el rendimiento del impulsor. El diseño del impulsor fue llevado a cabo en la Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Mecánica y Eléctrica Unidad Azcapotzalco. El análisis reveló que el borde de ataque original no alcanzó la altura de presión proyectada, debido a una recirculación que afectó negativamente la transferencia de momento y la elevación de presión. En contraste, la implementación de un borde de ataque redondeado mejoró significativamente la distribución de la presión y la eficiencia del flujo, reduciendo la recirculación indeseada. Los resultados indican que el diseño geométrico del borde de ataque es un factor crucial para optimizar el rendimiento del impulsor, y la configuración redondeada demostró ser la más eficiente en términos de estabilidad operativa y aumento de presión. Este estudio proporciona una base para el diseño de impulsores más eficientes.
FORENSIC ANALYSIS OF WEB PHISHING AND SOCIAL ENGINEERING USING THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY METHOD CASE STUDY OF FACEBOOK ACCOUNT DATA THEFT
Authors: Hidayat Rahmat , Anwar Nuril
Published: November 2024

Modern society heavily relies on digital technology and the internet, particularly on social media platforms like Facebook, which, despite their benefits, also pose security risks. In Q4 2023, a total of 8,161 phishing URLs were detected across 53 different domains, including id, my.id, biz.id, ac.id, and web.id. Criminals employ phishing techniques and social engineering to steal personal information by creating fake websites that resemble Facebook. This research adopts the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) methodology involving the stages of collection, examination, analysis, and reporting to uncover Facebook account data theft. Using Wireshark, the study successfully captured the activities of both phishing perpetrators and victims, revealing evidence such as email messages containing social engineering tactics, victim account data, and information stored in the phishing perpetrators' databases. These findings underscore the importance of public education and awareness enhancement to mitigate increasingly sophisticated phishing attacks.
ENHANCING AUTHENTICATION EFFICIENCY IN COMPUTER-BASED EXAMINATIONS THROUGH ADVANCED FACE RECOGNITION SYSTEMS
Authors: Olayemi Sulaimon Olawunmi , Olatunde Olabiyisi Stephen , Oladimeji Ismaila Wasiu , Folasade Ismaila
Published: November 2024

Compared to more conventional techniques such as fingerprint recognition, the use of biometric authentication systems in computer-based examinations offers several advantages. To overcome the disadvantages of fingerprint biometrics, such as high administrative costs, long authentication times, and accuracy issues, this paper proposes an innovative solution that leverages state-of-the- art facial recognition technology. Although biometric fingerprint systems are reliable to a certain extent, they present significant challenges in the context of computer-assisted examinations. The authentication process can be time-consuming and can result in delays and logistical problems. These systems can also be prone to errors, including false positives and false negatives, compromising the integrity of the investigation process. These limitations require research into more efficient and accurate biometric solutions. The developed system uses FaceNet and Multi- Task Cascaded Convolutional Neural Network (MTCNN) algorithms in achieving superior accuracy, efficiency, as well as security in verifying candidates' identities during exams. FaceNet excels at facial recognition by mapping faces in a compact Euclidean space, ensuring high accuracy even with slight variations in facial expressions, angles or lighting conditions. MTCNN increases the robustness of the system through precise face detection and alignment, which are critical for reliable performance. The results show that the facial recognition system outperforms traditional fingerprint-based methods. Accuracy is significantly improved, reducing misidentifications, while streamlining the authentication process, minimizing delays, and improving overall efficiency. The robustness of the system ensures consistent performance despite environmental fluctuations.
KNOWLEDGE AND SKILLS REQUIRED TO PERFORM FORENSIC AUDITING SERVICES TOWARDS DETECTING ILLEGAL FISCAL RECEIPTS: A CASE STUDY OF INVESTIGATION DEPARTMENT AT TANZANIA REVENUE AUTHORITY
Authors: Chindengwike James Daniel
Published: November 2024

Knowledge and skills are very important to perform forensic auditing services. The goal of this research is to examine the skills and knowledge needed to perform forensic auditing services towards detecting illegal fiscal receipts. A case study of the Investigation Department at Tanzania Revenue Authority (TRA). The study used Tanzania Revenue Authority as a case study where the study opted qualitative research approach. The study used 5 investigation officers and 5 tax management officers. Sample size calculated from Yamane formula. Surveys used as research tool to collect the data. The study found that interviewing skills, detail-oriented approach, communication skills, analytical skills, creative thinking and problem-solving skills are the knowledge and skills required to perform forensic auditing services towards detecting illegal fiscal receipts to the investigation department at Tanzania Revenue Authority. The study recommends that forensic auditing skills and knowledge help an auditor to collect facts of financial crimes and fraud, frequently in an operation. Forensic auditors must essentially be knowledgeable in both national laws and auditing in purpose to control fraud when happened.
‘VĪRABHADRĀṢṬOTTARAM’ RECENT TRENDS IN REVIVALISM OF THE HINDU SCRIPTURES
Authors: Rajarajan Jeyapriya
Published: November 2024

“The customary duty is to get up from bed early in the morning, read and learn the scriptures that are the heritage of the prodigious writings of seers of the antiquarian generation. What all we read and meditate pertain to the glories of the Lord’s feet. He is the holder of the great Disc.” Poykai Āḻvār’s Tiruvantāti I, 66, Rajarajan et al. (2017).Very few scholars working on South and Southeast Asian scriptures, temple architecture, and sculpture have employed the nāmāvaḷīs of the Hindu gods and goddesses from the art historical point of view, e.g., professors Ratan Parimoo, Hans Bakar and Raju Kalidos. I have followed their footsteps to work on a neo-piece of work, i.e. ‘Vīrabhadrāṣṭottaram’, whose author is unknowni.
RELATIONSHIP HEALING USING YOGA PRANA VIDYA (YPV) HEALING PROTOCOLS: AN IN-DEPTH CASE STUDY
Authors: Kumar Utkarsh , Singh Ruby , Satyanarayana Nanduri Venkata
Published: November 2024

Introduction: The idea of relationship maintenance strategies, which encompasses a variety of acts and behaviours people take to preserve and strengthen their connections with partners, is a major focus of research on beginning, sustaining, and ending relationships. In this paper, the authors have examined and provided strategic applications of Yoga Prana Vidya (YPV) healing practice protocols in a comprehensive case study of a 45-year-old woman who met her obstacles and brought about a total transformation and turnaround in her marriage and family structure.Method: An in-depth case evaluation method is used in this study, with relevant data collected from the Healers who attended to the subject, and a semi-structured interview with the subject. Results: After healing of one week, the improvements started. The subject woman started feeling calm. Earlier she used to feel angry about her husband all the time and she was stressed. After one month of healing, she was feeling calmer. After 3 months of regular practice, she experienced positive changes in her husband. After 6 months she began to realise her weaknesses and shortcomings. Through open communications with her husband, divorce cases were dropped, her relationships all around improved.Conclusions: Learners and practitioners of Yoga Prana Vidya (YPV) have reported profound changes in their lives because of regular healing (self and others), YPV Psychotherapy protocols, Forgiveness Sadhana, and Planetary Peace meditation (PPM), among many other protocols that are available for study and practice. Restoring relationships brings about long-lasting improvements in social harmony and domestic peace. It is advised to do more research with suitable samples and techniques.
THE	INFLUENCE OF VEHICLE MILEAGE ON BRAKE FLUID TURBIDITY AND WATER CONTENT
Authors: Tseng Wen-Kung , Lin Jian-Liang
Published: November 2024

Brake fluid is the indispensable "blood" in the brake system. The brake fluid is a water-soluble liquid that easily absorbs water. When the water content in the brake fluid is too high, the brake fluid boiling point becomes lowered, causing vaporization, resulting in slow brake response or even brake system failure. Also the particles produced from brake system wear accumulate in the brake fluid is called "Sludge". When there is too much sludge, the color of the brake fluid will become dark. In severe cases the brake system fluid passage will be blocked. The brake system will then partially or completely fail. Therefore this study investigated the effect of the mileage on the brake fluid turbidity and water content. An infrared turbidity sensor was used in this study to measure the brake fluid turbidity. The relationship between mileages (0, 30,000, 60,000, 90,000, 120,000 Km) and brake fluid turbidity was investigated in this study. It is found that when the mileage exceeds 30,000 kilometers, the turbidity of the brake fluid would increase rapidly. Also the water content in the brake fluid would also exceed the dangerous value.
USING PLATFORMS AND TOOLS TO CREATE BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE
Authors: Pažin Leo
Published: November 2024

In today's modern times, the labor market is overloaded with the amount of information and data arriving at the organization. In order to save, formulate and edit data, business intelligence is needed within the organization. When we talk about business intelligence, we can freely say that there are different types of applications that facilitate business. By facilitating business, itself, business intelligence greatly serves the development and growth of the organization in a business sense. In order to create high-quality business intelligence, i.e. for it to function as such and help us generate and use various information, it is necessary to keep the components for creating business intelligence. Business intelligence is divided into five stages. The stages of business intelligence are, data analysis, data sourcing, decision support, risk assessment and situational awareness. In order to implement business intelligence in the organization's system, it is necessary to download and work with certain business intelligence tools.
CUTTING-EDGE CNN APPROACHES FOR BREAST HISTOPATHOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION: THE IMPACT OF SPATIAL ATTENTION MECHANISMS
Authors: Abdulaal Alaa Hussein , Yassin Riyam Ali , Valizadeh Morteza , Abdulwahhab Ali H. , Jasim Ali M. , Mohammed Ali Jasim , Jabir Hussein Jumma , Albaker Baraa M. , Dheyaa Nooruldeen Haider , Amirani Mehdi Chehel
Published: November 2024

This paper investigates advanced techniques for breast Histopathological Classification using two robust convolutional neural network (CNN) architectures: Inception V3 and VGG19. Spatial attention mechanisms are integrated to enhance the models' capability to focus on crucial regions within histology images. These enhancements improve diagnostic accuracy by allowing the models to concentrate on critical features for accurate detection. The research leverages two prominent datasets, BACH for multiclass classification and BreaKHis for binary classification, which provides extensive collections of breast cancer histology images, enabling thorough training and evaluation of the proposed models. InceptionV3 with spatial attention mechanism achieved an accuracy of 99.73% for binary classification and 99.06% for multiclass classification. Integrating spatial attention mechanisms is anticipated to significantly advance the development of automated breast cancer detection systems, offering potential improvements in early diagnosis and treatment planning. This study demonstrates how combining state-of-the-art CNN architectures with attention mechanisms can significantly improve medical image analysis, ultimately contributing to better patient outcomes.
DEVELOPMENT OF AN ACCIDENT PREDICTOR INTERFACE FOR PREDICTING ACCIDENT POTENTIALS OF TRANSPORT VEHICLES IN NIGERIA
Authors: Nwogu Chukwunonso Nweze , Anya Ama Agwu , Nwankwojike Bethrand Nduka
Published: November 2024

In this work, an accident prediction model was developed for determining the accident potential of a vehicle while on transit. The developed model identifies Human factors (HF), Mechanical factors (MF) and Environmental factors (EF) as the main factors responsible for vehicle crashes. The accident data used for this research was obtained from the Nigerian Federal Road Safety Corps (FRSC). Analysis of the accident data showed that HF contributes 0.846 accident probability, MF contributes 0.138 accident probability while EF contributes 0.016 accident probability. Also, driver’s age, distance of travel and maintenance frequency of the vehicle were considered in the development of the model, since they also play significant roles in determining accident probabilities. The model gives results ranging from 0-1. When the value is close to 0, it signifies low accident probability while values close to 1 signify high accident probability. An accident predictor interface was developed by combining all the possible accident cause factors. The accident predictor interface gave the least accident probability value of 0.2892 for the following combination: driver age of 60+ years, regular maintenance frequency and travel distance of C ≤ 250 Km. Application of the results of this model will significantly reduce the rate of road accident occurrences. Finally, transport companies and fleet owners are encouraged to embrace and use this innovation for safer operations.
CLOUD COMPUTING INFRASTRUCTURE DATA SECURITY: AN OPTIMIZED VIRTUALIZATION MODEL
Authors: Michael Nseobong Archibong , Onuodu Friday E. , Ogheneovo E. E.
Published: November 2024

The study suggests using an improved and robust virtualization model to apply an intelligent-based design to data security monitoring in a cloud computing infrastructure. The primary problem with cloud computing, the concurrently concerning malicious activity, makes this technology notable. When we discuss an architecture that allows for easy, on-demand network access to a shared pool of reconfigurable computing resources—such as servers, networks, storage, apps, and services—we are referring to cloud computing. This requires little administration work or communication between the service provider and customer to quickly deploy and discharge. A virtualized approach was created in this work to improve the monitoring of data security. Adopting the Structured System Analysis and Design Methodology, dataflow diagrams, use-case diagrams, sequence diagrams, and diagrams created with the Unified Modelling Language (UML) were utilized to accomplish the desired design. Robust repositories provided five hundred (500) datasets, of which thirty percent were used for training and seventy percent were used for testing. The number of adopted technologies, the number of adopted design tools, the number of adopted algorithms, and the number of tested records were all used as parameters to analyze and assess the performance of both systems. According to the performance review, the new system performed better than the old one, achieving an accuracy rate of 1.07% as opposed to the old system's 0.48% accuracy rate. The recently created model focused specifically on financial fraud and was intended to detect fake data in cloud computing infrastructure. Because financial frauds against property involve the illegal transfer of property ownership for an individual's personal use and benefit, this study could be helpful to corporate organizations, anti-corruption agencies, and researchers who have a keen interest in the subject matter. Additionally, the new system was further optimized with the use of deep neural networks and logistic regression techniques.
THE IMPACT OF FINANCIAL INCLUSION ON POVERTY ALLEVIATION: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
Authors: Indoria Devadutta , K. Devi
Published: November 2024

Financial inclusion consists of the different efforts and the initiatives which are considered for the improvement of the lives of the poverty-stricken population. The production of the products and services which improves the ease of accessing the products, and helps to expand upon the businesses also falls under financial integration. The study processed 64 responses from the primary quantitative data gathered from the survey conduction. With the help of survey analysis through SPSS, the identification of the views and opinions of the general public regarding such a concept can be known.
A STUDY OF FINANCIAL BEHAVIOR BASED ON THEORY OF PLANNED BEHAVIOR
Authors: Patel Priyanka , Nayak Keyur
Published: November 2024

The objective of this research is to investigate the applicability of the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) in assessing the behavioural intention to invest among a specific group of individuals. This construct is an expansion of the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) model that considers the significance of risk tolerance as a key factor influencing the investment intentions of individuals in the community. The study also examines the role of financial literacy in moderating the association between TPB and investment aspirations. This paper employs a cross-sectional research technique. The research model was validated using the approach of structural equation modelling (SEM). This research used a survey questionnaire to collect data from 114 individuals living in Ahmedabad, the metropolitan centre with the highest population in the state of Gujarat. Further analysis of the data was conducted using Smart PLS software. The results emphasise the importance of risk tolerance and financial literacy in conjunction with the decisions that investors plan to make about their investments. The current study provides evidence that investing decision-making is significantly impacted by variables including attitude, subjective standards, perceived behavioural control, and risk tolerance. The aforementioned research demonstrate that enhancing one's financial literacy may result in a heightened inclination to invest in financial assets. Nevertheless, the study indicates that possessing a more comprehensive knowledge of money does not mitigate the dangers linked to investing. This study extends the well- established TPB model by include risk tolerance and financial knowledge as moderators when examining behavioural intentions. Furthermore, it expands the range of TPB's effectiveness in the domain of investment decision-making to include additional categories of financial assets.
A STUDY ON RURAL CUSTOMER ATTTITUDE ON DIGITAL MARKETING
Authors: J. Swopna , K Uma
Published: November 2024

Right now, the world is moving more and more towards the digital world. The internet is a universal resource. We currently live in a digital age. One of the newest technologies in the IT and marketing fields is digital marketing. Businesses from all over the world are now aware of the importance of marketing and need to change the way they approach people. The reach of marketing has increased with the introduction of Digital marketing. The field of digital marketing has seen tremendous change in recent years, and rural customers are now a crucial market for companies. Traditionally, rural communities were thought to be less involved with digital technologies than metropolitan ones. Businesses looking to create successful strategies must comprehend how rural customers feel about digital marketing. With this knowledge, marketers may take advantage of the special opportunities found in rural markets while overcoming obstacles like low digital literacy and connectivity problems. Examining rural customer attitude of digital marketing in kaniyakumari district, in this context helps marketers looking to reach Indian rural people and understand the potential, difficulties, and trends of the future.
IMPORTANCE OF BRAND IN CLOTHING(WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO SRI GANGANAGAR)
Authors: Singh Swarnlata , Kaur Veerpal
Published: November 2024

More effort and attention is required in the care and maintenance of clothes made of natural and pure fibres and threads. For example, after washing cotton clothes, you cannot wear them without ironing or pressing them, because they get wrinkled and such clothes do not look attractive and the person's self-confidence also starts to decrease. Similarly, pure silk clothes have to be kept very carefully. The fibre is very delicate and when it gets wet, it becomes very weak. It is also not able to keep its size and shape stable. Therefore, it has to be taken care of more carefully. Similarly, woolen clothes also have to be taken care of carefully, otherwise woolen clothes lose their original shape and look shapeless. It is also not comfortable to wear. In old times, so many chemicals were not used and people also took care of their precious clothes, but as people moved towards development, people did not have time to take care of their clothes. Humans wanted such clothes which can be easily taken care of and maintained. As a result, branded clothes made of man-made and artificial fibres started becoming available in the market.
IMPACT OF MACROECONOMIC FACTORS ON BUSINESS FAILURE: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY OF INDIAN COMPANIES
Authors: D’Souza Ashley , R Chandrashekhar
Published: November 2024

This study mainly aimed to analyze the impact of macroeconomic variables on business failures. The study considered inflation, GDP, foreign direct investment, government debt, and listed company data as dependent variables, and Return on Equity as an independent variable. For the study, data from 10 Indian listed companies were considered for the period from 2014 to 2020. The study uses a panel data regression method employing fixed-effect and random-effect models. The regression analysis provides a detailed examination of the relationship between Return on Equity (ROE) and several key economic indicators, shedding light on the intricate dynamics that shape profitability within the studied context. These findings suggest that the current model may not adequately capture the full range of determinants affecting profitability, thus showing that macroeconomic variables are notable in predicting business failures. Further research with more macroeconomic variables and modifications of the model is required to improve its prediction accuracy and explanatory depth, resulting in a more robust framework for understanding and analyzing ROE in the context of the study.
GENDER AND LINGUISTIC REPRESENTATION IN ROHINTON MISTRY'S NOVELS
Authors: Singh K D , Bhadoo Neha , Dubey Neeraj
Published: November 2024

This article delves into the nuanced portrayal of gender and linguistic representation in Rohinton Mistry's acclaimed novels, particularly "Such a Long Journey" and "A Fine Balance." Mistry, a prominent figure in contemporary literature, is known for his intricate exploration of the Parsi community in India, a focus that allows him to engage deeply with issues of identity, culture, and societal norms. This study examines how Mistry constructs gender identities and employs linguistic diversity as tools for both narrative development and social critique.The analysis highlights Mistry's depiction of gender roles, revealing a complex interplay between traditional expectations and individual agency. Female characters in Mistry's works, such as Dilnavaz and Dina Dalal, are portrayed within the confines of conventional gender roles but also exhibit significant resilience and strength, challenging patriarchal structures in subtle yet profound ways. These characters' experiences underscore the broader societal constraints faced by women and their strategies for navigating and sometimes subverting these limitations.Linguistically, Mistry's novels are characterized by a rich tapestry of languages, including Gujarati, Hindi, Marathi, and English. This multilingual approach reflects the diverse linguistic landscape of India and serves as a critical commentary on social stratification and cultural identity. The use of English, in particular, is often associated with social status and colonial legacy, highlighting issues of power and privilege. Mistry's nuanced use of language not only enhances the authenticity of his characters and settings but also deepens the thematic exploration of identity and resistance.By focusing on these elements, the article contributes to a broader understanding of how literature can reflect and critique societal norms, particularly in postcolonial contexts. Mistry’s work, with its emphasis on marginalized voices and cultural diversity, offers a valuable lens through which to examine the complexities of gender and language in shaping individual and collective identities. This study underscores the significance of Mistry's novels in the ongoing discourse on cultural identity, social justice, and literary expression.
MODELING THE FACTORS DETERMINING THE STATUS OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN GANGA AND YAMUNA VALLEY OF UTTARKASHI DISTRICT, UTTARAKHAND: A TISM APPROACH
Authors: Gautam Shyamlal , Singh Virendra
Published: November 2024

This paper presents a comprehensive model for analyzing the factors determining the status of economic development in the Ganga and Yamuna valleys of Uttarkashi district, Uttarakhand, using the Total Interpretive Structural Modeling (TISM) approach. The region is characterized by a diverse economic landscape shaped by its geographical, cultural, and environmental context. Through extensive literature review and stakeholder consultations, this study identifies key factors influencing economic development, including agricultural productivity, tourism potential, infrastructure development, environmental sustainability, education and skill development, water resource management, government policies, migration trends, hydropower potential, and cultural heritage.Employing TISM, the paper systematically maps the relationships and hierarchies among these factors, revealing their interdependencies and identifying primary drivers of economic development. The findings highlight the importance of a holistic approach to policy formulation, emphasizing the need for integrated strategies that address the complexities of the local socio-economic environment. By providing a structured framework for understanding the dynamics of economic development in Uttarkashi, this research contributes valuable insights for policymakers, practitioners, and researchers dedicated to fostering sustainable growth in the region. The model not only aids in visualizing the interconnections between various factors but also serves as a decision-making tool for prioritizing interventions and resource allocation.
Using High-Density Polyethylene and Novolac Polymers to Improve the Properties of Gypseous Soil
Authors: Khazaal Maher M. , Mohammed Shafiqu Qassun S.
Published: November 2024

This study explores the impact of adding high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and Novolac polymers to gypseous soil from Tikrit City, Iraq, to enhance its geotechnical properties. The soil contained 38% gypsum, and the polymers were added in varying proportions (1%, 3%, 6%). Both polymers improved maximum dry density, optimum moisture content, and reduced collapse potential (Ic). The collapse potential was reduced by 64%, 77.7%, and 83.2% at 1%, 3%, and 6% HDPE content, respectively. The collapse potential was reduced by 82.3%, 74.8%, and 51.9% at 1%, 3%, and 6% Novolac polymer content, respectively. In the dry conditions, the internal friction angle increased by about 22.9% and 5.7% as the HDPE content was increased by 3% and 6% respectively. Adding Novolac polymer also increased the internal friction angle by about 5.7% by the addition of 3% Novolac polymer. In soaked conditions, the best increase in internal friction angle (?) was 30% with the addition of 3% HDPE polymer. the internal friction angle increased by about 26.7% by adding 1% and 3% of Novolac polymer. The study concludes that adding HDPE and Novolac polymers can improve geotechnical properties, but their effect on CBR is complex and depends on the polymer percentage added and soil moisture state.
Review of The Super Resolution Microsphere Optical Imaging Technique
Authors: Hrata Zainab Abdali , Rajab Fatema H. , Stanescu Sorin L.
Published: November 2024

In this work we performed a review regarding the improvement of microscopical optical imaging assisted by using microspheres, focusing on the most recent technologies. We have been reviewed the utilizing of the superlens and nanojet concepts in order to understand the working principles of microspheres in terms of magnification and resolution improvement. Some researches about the parameters effecting on microsphere imaging technique have been presented including the effect of microsphere’s material and size, the effect of immersion medium, and the plasmonic layer effect. Additionally, some applications that serve from this technique have been illustrated.
Enhancing Facial Identification Systems with YOLOv8: A Cutting-Edge Approach
Authors: Mithkhal Huda S. , Al-Noori Ahmed H Y , Al-Shiekhly Emad Tariq
Published: November 2024

Face recognition and identification have recently become the most widely employed biometric authentication technologies, especially for access to persons and other security purposes. It represents one of the most significant pattern recognition technologies that uses characteristics included in facial images or videos to detect the identity of individuals. However, most of the traditional facial algorithms have faced limitations in identification and verification accuracy.
As a result, this paper presents a sophisticated system for face identification adopting a novel algorithm of deep learning, namely, You Only Look Once version 8 (YOLOv8). This system can detect the face identity of different individuals with different positions with high accuracy. The YOLOv8 model has been trained for several target face images classified as training and validation images of 1190 and 255, respectively. The experimental results show a significant improvement in face identification accuracy of 99% of mean average precision, which outperforms many state-of-the-art face identification techniques.
Kinetic specifics of electrochemical deposition of copper on in citrate-ammonia copper plating electrolyte
Authors: Yaskelchyk V. V. , Zharsky I. M. , Chernik A. A.
Published: November 2024

The practice of electrochemical research is inevitably associated with the need to study the kinetic features of the metal electrocrystallization process on a foreign or its own surface. The process of copper electrolytic deposition on a steel substrate (steel 3) from a citrate-ammonia copper plating electrolyte was studied, which includes (g / l): CuSOO – 100; (NH4)2SO4 – 120; citric acid (C6H8O7) – 53, NaOH – up to pH = 8.0. The uniqueness of the above electrolyte is that electrolytic copper plating of steel can be carried out without applying a preliminary sublayer (for example, nickel, 3 μm), since this composition excludes contact deposition of copper on the steel surface. Studies of the electrochemical characteristics of the citrate-ammonia copper plating electrolyte were carried out using an Autolab PGSTAT 302N potentiostat-galvanostat. The effective activation energy of copper deposition was calculated using the Arrhenius equation as a function of the electrode overvoltage. Photocolorimetric analysis of the citrate-ammonium copper plating electrolyte was performed at wavelengths of 422 and 482 nm, since such conditions correspond to the maximum light absorption by citrate and ammine complexes. It was found that the concentration of citrate complex ions of copper (II) in the citrate-ammonium copper plating electrolyte is 0.276 mol/l, and that of ammine ions is 0.124 mol/l. The coefficients of the Tafel equation showed that stirring promoted the intensification of the copper electrodeposition process up to a cathode potential of –150 mV. At cathode potentials of –150 mV, the rate of the electrochemical process increased with an increase in the stirring speed to 1 500 rpm. The maximum deposition activation energy value for the citrate-ammonium copper plating electrolyte was 37.4 kJ/mol.
Preparation, morphology, antiradical and biological activity of quercetin-containing nanoparticles of zein and their submicron aggregates
Authors: Shutava T. G. , Potapovich A. I. , Kostyuk T. V. , Livanovich K S. , Kostyuk V. A.
Published: November 2024

Nanoparticles of corn prolamine protein zein (NPQ) containing 0.005–0.26 g/g quercetin (Q) were prepared by desolvation of a 25–30 mg/mL ethanol protein solution containing the encapsulated compound with an aqueous polystyrene sulfonate. The size of zein nanoparticles and their aggregates was characterized by dynamic light scattering and atomic force microscopy; the quercetin content – by the Folin-Ciocalteu assay. While the quercetin/zein ratio in solution is less than 0.08 g/g, the polyphenol is quantitatively included in the nanoparticles, and their hydrodynamic diameter is 60–75 nm. As the quercetin/zein ratio rises to 0.20 g/g, the average particle diameter increases to 150 nm. In concentrated dispersions, aggregates with a diameter of 500–600 nm are formed. The kinetics of quercetin release from NPQ with different mass fractions of Q in distilled water and solutions simulating the environment of the stomach and intestines at 37 °C were studied.

Zein nanoparticles exhibit weak activity in the reaction with ABTS cation-radicals. Quercetin encapsulated in the zein matrix generally retains the antiradical activity characteristic of the free flavonoid, however, the rate of decolorization of ABTS cation-radicals decreases due to the prolonged release of quercetin from NPQ. The cytoprotective properties of quercetin in zein nanoparticles are significantly reduced and manifest themselves only in partial preservation of the integrity of cell membranes and a decrease in the release of lactate dehydrogenase from UV-C irradiated HaCaT cells. In contrast to free quercetin, the introduction of Q in zein nanoparticles or their submicron aggregates increases the number of metabolically dead UV-C-irradiated HaCaT cells, enhancing the cytotoxic effect of UV radiation. Empty zein aggregates of submicron size have a similar effect.
Combined systems of polymerase chain reaction and a time-resolved fluorescence immunoassay or membrane immunochromatography for quantitative determination of Salmonella enterica bacterial DNA
Authors: Serchenya T. S. , Akhremchuk K. U. , Valentovich L. N. , Lapina V. S. , Sviridov O. V.
Published: November 2024

Four model bioanalytical systems specific for Salmonella enterica have been developed and studied, in which a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) produced a DNA amplicon containing biotin and fluorescein residues. This enabled to immobilize the amplicon on a functionalized solid phase and to label it biospecifically with europium chelate in microplates or gold nanoparticles on a chromatographic membrane. Quantitative detection of the modified DNA was carried out in immunoassay systems by measuring the Eu3+ time-resolved fluorescence (dissociation-enhanced lanthanide fluorescence immunoassay, DELFIA) or by photometry of the colored zone on the chromatographic strip (LFA). Three pairs of primers were developed and examined to obtain selected fragments of the invA gene, which is present in the genomes of all pathogenic Salmonella enterica. The fragments proved to be suitable for the test systems. In the microplate DELFIA system, the concentration range of DNA amplicon quantification was found to be 0.01–10.0 nM, and a detection limit was 2 pM. The limit of DNA visual detection in LFA was 0.05 nM. The possibility of testing the amplicons without additional isolation of pure DNA from the reaction mixture was demonstrated. The high specificity of the developed bioanalytical systems for the detection of various Salmonella enterica serotypes was demonstrated.
Features of electrolyte coagulation of modified polyamide resin and its effect on the properties of paper and cardboard
Authors: Borkina Ya. V. , Fleisher V. L.
Published: November 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the features of coagulation of a modified polyamide resin for paper and cardboard in the presence of aluminum polyoxychloride. It has been established that the resin under study, the component composition of which is represented by modified polyaminoamides, free resin acid, sodium resinates and maleopimarate, is resistant to water hardness salts, however, the sodium resinates present in its composition are subject to hydrolysis. The process of coagulation of the modified polyamide resin under the influence of aluminum polyoxychloride is multi-stage and ends with the complete deposition of adhesive particles at a system pH of 7.05, which corresponds to an electrolyte consumption of 0.051 g Al2O3/g of resin. The composition of the adhesive deposit formed under such conditions is as follows: aluminum-resin complexes (aluminum resinates and products of the interaction of aluminum ions with modified polyamino- amides) – 88.50 % wt.; free resin acids – 11.47 % wt. Further introduction of the electrolyte into the dispersed system leads to the protonation of the amino groups of modified polyaminoamides and aluminum-resin complexes, which provides with a positive charge. Due to its composition and the ongoing coagulation processes, the modified polyamide resin has a waterrepellent and strengthening effect on paper pulps in a wide pH range (5.8–7.5). Sequential introduction of resin into waste paper suspensions in an amount of 0.25 % of absolutely dry fiber and aluminum polyoxychloride until the paper pulps are achieved makes it possible to improve the hydrophobic and physical-mechanical properties of paper by 70.2–87.2 and 19.5–23.2 %, respectively.
Biocompatibility of boron-enriched pyrolitic carbon
Authors: Demidenko M. I. , Zhavoronok I. P. , Adamchuk D. V. , Kulahava T A. , Antipova O. A. , Basalai A. A. , Kuznetsova T. E. , Maksimenko S. A.
Published: November 2024

The Institute for Nuclear Problems of the Belarusian State University (INP BSU) has developed equipment  and optimized the technology for synthesizing boron-doped pyrocarbon, a material for application in heart valve endoprostheses.

The purpose of this work was to evaluate the general and biochemical blood tests, mass coefficients of animal organs  and the dynamics of reactions of rat tissues to implantation of pyrocarbon material in the subcutaneous tissues of the interscapular region.

 Animals were monitored for 90 days. According to the morphometric data, the boron-doped pyrocarbon, synthesized  in INP BSU, was found to be non-irritating to the tissue in comparison with the control sample during all periods of observation. There was no significant effect of implantation of pyrolytic carbon on the parameters of the blood general and biochemical  analysis in rats compared with healthy animals. The results of necropsy showed that the mass of organs and mass coefficients  of animals did not deviate from the physiological norm during different periods of pyrocarbon sample implantation.

Thus, the boron-doped pyrocarbon material synthesized in INP BSU can be used for manufacturing heart valve endoprostheses.
Age-related features of the intestinal microbiota changes in Wistar rat pups after application of antibiotics and prebiotic 2′-fucosyllactose
Authors: Zhabinskaya A. A. , Melik-Kasumov T. B. , Pyzh H. E.
Published: November 2024

The gut microbiota plays an important role in the formation of the body’s regulatory systems (nervous, endocrine, immune), which is especially important at an early age. Hence, gut dysbiosis can lead to an impaired development of both the intestinal microbiota and these regulatory systems. Prebiotics can have a positive effect on the development of the intestinal microbiome, which can correct negative changes.

The aim of this study is to investigate the features of development of antibiotic-associated dysbiosis in the early postnatal period in rats and to evaluate the effect of 2′-fucosyllactose in health and during dysbiosis.

The study was conducted on Wistar rats aged 12–26 days. To develop dysbiosis at an early age, the following mixtures were used: a mixture of ampicillin trihydrate 75 mg/kg and metronidazole 50 mg/kg and a mixture of amoxicillin 30 mg/kg and cephalexin 20 mg/kg for three days, starting on the 12th day of life. As a prebiotic 2′-fucosyllactose at a dose of 1 g/kg was used, starting on the 12th day and to the last experiment day.

In healthy animals, there is a decrease in the gut content of Bifidobacterium spp. and Enterococcus spp. at the age  of 26 days. A mixture of ampicillin trihydrate 75 mg/kg and metronidazole 50 mg/kg leads to gut dysbiosis – growth suppression of bifidobacteria, lactobacilli and enterococci. After the end of antibiotics application and continued lactation,  the titer of the described bacteria is restored. 2′-fucosyllactose has an effect on the preservation of the titer of Bifidobacterium spp. and Enterococcus spp., both in healthy animals and after early dysbiosis.

Our results indicate that antibiotic-associated dysbiosis at an early age is characterized by a temporary but powerful effect. At the same time, the use of 2′-fucosyllactose leads to preserving important probiotic groups of intestinal bacteria, both in health and after dysbiosis.
Antihypoxic effect of a combination of bemethyl and thymoquinone under hypercapnic hypoxia
Authors: Rashkevich O. S. , Vauchok A. U.
Published: November 2024

The antihypoxic effect of a combination of bemethyl and thymoquinone after single intraperitoneal injection was studied in a model of hypercapnic hypoxia in a hermetic volume in mice. Thymoquinone had a dose-dependent protective effect by increasing the resistance of animals to hypoxia. At a dose of 10 mg/kg, it increased the life expectancy by 75.9 % compared with the control group, and at a dose of 30 mg/kg – by 90.2 %. The average effective dose of thymoquinone calculated by the regression analysis in this model was 14.1 mg/kg and the average effective dose of bemethyl was 148 mg/kg.  As part of a combination of bemethyl and thymoquinone in the ratio of 5 : 1, the activity of the compounds increases significantly, ED50 of bemethyl decreases to 39.0 mg/kg, the same indicator for thymoquinone becomes 7.8 mg/kg. Administration of a combination of 100 mg/kg of bemethyl and 20 mg/kg of thymoquinone to mice leads to increasing their lifespan under the standard hypoxic conditions up to 41.2 ± 5.7 minutes, which is 120.5 % more than in animals receiving placebo. The analysis of pharmacodynamics of a combination of drugs according to T. Chou showed an additive type  of interaction typical for compounds with different mechanisms of primary action. It was established that a combination  of bemethyl and thymoquinone in the weight ratio of 5 : 1 demonstrate synergism, which makes it possible to reduce 1.8–4.0 times the doses of components in their combined use.
Monitoring food prices in the context of improving the mechanism for supplying products for government needs
Authors: Makrak S. , Kokhnovich I. , Gridziushka D. , Sobalevskaya T.
Published: November 2024

The calculation of protection coefficients for producers of agricultural products supplied for republican needs, reflecting the price seizure of income of agrarians until 2022 has been carried out. Within the framework of the mechanism of formation of competitive prices for each type of food, the priority of monitoring of international trade data is justified, which implies the creation of a forecast model of price formation for agricultural raw materials or systemic adjustment taking into account the trends of external market conditions. A modular architecture of a digital platform for monitoring food prices for the subsequent calculation of the cost of products supplied for public needs is proposed.