bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Addressing the Discrepancies Between Animal Models and Human Alzheimer’s Disease Pathology: Implications for Translational Research
Authors: Polis Baruh , Samson Abraham O.
Published: March 2024

Animal models, particularly transgenic mice, are extensively used in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) research to emulate key disease hallmarks, such as amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles formation. Although these models have contributed to our understanding of AD pathogenesis and can be helpful in testing potential therapeutic interventions, their reliability is dubious. While preclinical studies have shown promise, clinical trials often yield disappointing results, highlighting a notable gap and disparity between animal models and human AD pathology. Existing models frequently overlook early-stage human pathologies and other key AD characteristics, thereby limiting their application in identifying optimal therapeutic interventions. Enhancing model reliability necessitates rigorous study design, comprehensive behavioral evaluations, and biomarker utilization. Overall, a nuanced understanding of each model’s neuropathology, its fidelity to human AD, and its limitations is essential for accurate interpretation and successful translation of findings. This article analyzes the discrepancies between animal models and human AD pathology that complicate the translation of findings from preclinical studies to clinical applications. We also delve into AD pathogenesis and attributes to propose a new perspective on this pathology and deliberate over the primary limitations of key experimental models. Additionally, we discuss several fundamental problems that may explain the translational failures and suggest some possible directions for more effective preclinical studies.
Numerical simulation of aircraft lightning attachment zone using the enclosing ball method
Authors: Ding Linglong , Zhang Yunfeng , Jiang Minmin
Published: March 2024

The initial stage in aircraft lightning protection design and safety certification involves delineating the lightning attachment zone. The lightning leader’s development is inherently random, favoring the shortest path to the aircraft fuselage. In response, we employ the enclosing ball method to establish the lightning attachment zone. First, define the center point of the aircraft as the coordinate position for the sphere’s center, creating a sphere with a specified radius. The leader’s initial position is then selected from any point on the sphere. Second, by calculating distances between the leader’s position and various areas on the aircraft surface, we determine the shortest path. The corresponding aircraft surface area along this path is identified as the lightning attachment zone for the leader. Subsequently, choose a new leading position on the sphere and iterate through the calculation process until all sphere positions are considered. Finally, tally the occurrence frequencies for all calculated attachment areas, representing the attachment probability of each area based on its frequency of occurrence. This paper not only compares our method with the electrostatic field simulation method but also contrasts it with the probability distribution of lightning attachment points obtained from aircraft flight experiments. The comparison results are highly favorable, providing robust verification for the correctness of our approach.
Differential analysis of transcriptome of psychrophilic bacteria under different culture temperatures
Authors: Xu Chun-Guang , Yang Li-Xia , Zhu Rui , Zhang Jie , Li Yan , Chao Chun-Fang
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND: Psychrophilic bacteria can survive in a unique living environment. OBJECTIVE: To explore the mechanism of low temperature adaptation and the physiological function of thermophilic metabolic genes. METHOD: Serratia marcescens strain F13 stored in microbial laboratory was cultured at 5∘C, 10∘C and 25∘C respectively, and the obtained strains were sequenced by high-throughput transcriptome. Serratia marcescens strain CAV1761 was used as the reference strain. The data produced by transcriptome sequencing were statistically analyzed by biostatistics software such as soapnuke, soap and edger. The differentially expressed genes were found based on the gene expression, and analyzed by Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis. RESULTS: The results showed that there were 718 differential genes in F13-10 vs F13-5 comparison group, 1614 differential genes in F13-25 vs F13-5 comparison group and 1636 differential genes in F13-25 vs F13-10 comparison group. GO function enrichment analysis showed that the GO term mainly enriched by different genes in the three comparison groups was mostly related to the migration and transport of cellular or subcellular components, cell localization and transmembrane transporter activity, as well as cilia or flagella dependent cell movement. In the enrichment analysis of KEGG pathway, the three comparison groups all enriched the largest number of differential genes in the branch pathway of KEGG metabolism, followed by the branch pathway of environmental information processing. CONCLUSION: In F13-10 vs F13-5, the differential genes were mainly concentrated in 20 pathways such as ATP-binding cassette transport (ABC) transporters, thiamine metabolism and flagella assembly; In F13-25 vs F13-5, the differential genes are mainly concentrated in 20 pathways, such as (ABC) transporters, arginine and proline metabolism, two-component system and so on; In F13-25 vs F13-10, the differential genes are mainly concentrated in 20 pathways such as various types of glycan synthesis, two-component system and arginine metabolism.
Reducing musculoskeletal disorders in iron ore mine operators: A fuzzy-based intervention approach
Authors: Upadhyay Rahul , Kumar Ashish , Bhattacherjee Ashis , Patra Aditya Kumar , Chau Nearkasen
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND: This study focuses on evaluating the exposure to whole-body vibration (WBV) and association of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) with various risk factors among dumper operators in the mining industry. Despite the issue’s significance, prior research has been limited. OBJECTIVE: The study introduces a novel fuzzy-based approach for identifying, selecting, and prioritizing safety measures to mitigate MSD risks. METHODS: Data collection comprised face-to-face interviews, anthropometric measurements, Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) scoring for posture assessment, and the Nordic Musculoskeletal questionnaire for assessment of MSD prevalence. Multiple linear and logistic regression models were used to analyse the contributing risk factors to MSDs and WBV exposure. These risk factors formed the basis for a practical approach to select appropriate safety measures based on fuzzy based aggregation method of expert’s judgment aimed at mitigating the risk of MSDs. RESULTS: The results revealed that the risk factors such as poor work posture, WBV exposure and poor seat design were significantly associated with neck (adjusted odds ratio aOR = 4.81), upper limb and shoulder (aOR = 3.28), upper back (aOR = 5.09), and lower back pain (aOR = 3.67) at p < 0.05. Using these factors to formulate safety measures to reduce MSD risk, the minimization of sharp turns and abrupt changes in elevation in designing the haul roads, scheduled maintenance practices, and ergonomic seat design were found as important safety measures in this study. CONCLUSION: Our unique methodological approach in occupational health research could be highly beneficial for tailoring safety measures at the unit level with minimal effort.
Engaging Consumer Senses: The Role of Interactive Brand Experiences in Brand Building
Authors: Ligaraba Neo
Published: March 2024

Successful brands are investing in creating exceptional interactive brand experiences and fostering emotional connections to build brand love. This dual approach contributes to long-term customer relationships and is an effective way for companies to create hedonic value thereby gaining a competitive advantage. The purpose of the study is to investigate how interactive brand experiences (i.e., sensory, emotional, behavioural, and intellectual) influence brand love in the energy drinks category amongst young adults in South Africa. Data were collected from energy drink young adults through physical surveys. The study applied partial least-square-based structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). The results revealed that the various interactive brand experiences dimensions influence brand love. Although the brand experience dimensions are supported, they don’t seem to equally influence brand love, as the sensory experience dimension (i.e., taste, smell, sight, touch, and sound), had the strongest influence on brand love. Consumers desire something that touches their heart and engages their senses. Marketers can therefore focus on building brand related stimuli in order to influence consumer behaviour. By focusing on these alternative marketing approaches to brand building, marketers can attract and retain young adults. This research contributes to understanding how brand experiences influence brand love in the energy drinks beverage category.
Comparing Algorithm-Based and Friend-Based Recommendations on Audio Streaming Platforms
Authors: Flaswinkel Anne Mareike , Decker Reinhold
Published: March 2024

With the rise of audio streaming platforms (ASPs), users face the challenge of navigating a large amount of audio content. Companies are increasingly employing algorithms to provide personalized recommendations to their customers; however, word-of-mouth research has demonstrated in numerous studies the crucial role of friend-based recommendations, particularly in the realm of experience goods. Considering the experiential factor in ASPs, existing insights into recommendations raise the question of which recommendation source holds a greater advantage in the realm of ASPs. This study deals with recommendation sources in the field of ASPs and examines in particular the effects of algorithm-based suggestions on users' listening intentions. Using a quantitative research approach, we investigate users' attitudes toward recommended content and compare the intentions to listen to suggested content in cases of algorithmic and friend-based recommendations. Our results provide valuable insights for companies planning to provide helpful recommendations to ASP users and increase their listening intentions for recommended content.
A High-Speed Floating Point Matrix Multiplier Implemented in Reconfigurable Architecture
Authors: Sanyal Atri , Jain Ashika , Dey Anwesha , Gupta Prakash Kumar
Published: March 2024

Matrix multiplication is a fundamental operation in computational applications across various domains. This paper introduces a novel reconfigurable co-processor that enhances the efficiency of matrix multiplication by concurrently executing addition and multiplication operations upon matrix elements of different sizes. The proposed design aims to reduce computation time and improve efficiency for matrix multiplication equations. Experimental evaluations were conducted on matrices of different sizes to demonstrate the effectiveness of the processor. The results reveal substantial improvements in both time and efficiency when compared to traditional approaches. The reconfigurable transformation processor harnesses parallel processing capabilities, enabling the simultaneous execution of addition and multiplication operations by partitioning input matrices into smaller submatrices and performing parallel computations, thus the processor achieves faster results. Additionally, the design incorporates configurable arithmetic units that dynamically adapt to matrix characteristics, further optimizing performance. The experimental evaluations provide evidence of reduction in computation time and improvement in efficiency. present significant benefits over traditional sequential methods. This makes this co-processor ideally fit for domains that require intensive linear algebra computations such as computer vision, machine learning, and signal processing.
Automatic text summarization of scientific articles using transformers—A brief review
Authors: Aswani Seema , Choudhary Kabita , Shetty Sujala , Nur Nasheen
Published: March 2024

Learning how to read research papers is a skill. The researcher must go through many published articles during the research. It is a challenging and tedious task to go through numerous published articles. The research process would sped up by automatic summarization of scientific publications, which would aid researchers in their investigation. However automatic text summarization of scientific research articles is difficult due to its distinct structure. Various text summarization approaches have been proposed for research article summarization in the past. After the invention of transformer architecture, it has created a big shift in Natural Language Processing. The models based on transformers are able to achieve state-of-the-art results in text summarization. This paper provides a brief review of transformer-based approaches used for text summarization of scientific research articles along with the available corpus and evaluation methods that can be used to assess the model generated summary. The paper also discusses the future direction and limitations in this field.
Beyond pixels and ciphers: Navigating the advancements and challenges in visual cryptography
Authors: Sahane Prema Bhushan , M. Gayathri , Bagal Snehal Akshay , Sambhare Praful , Billewar Satish , Borhade Kirti , Blesswin John , Mary Selva
Published: March 2024

Visual cryptography (VC) has emerged as a pivotal solution for secure information transmission, leveraging its unique capability to encrypt images in a user-friendly and accessible manner. This survey paper provides an in-depth analysis of various VC methods, highlighting their distinct encryption and decryption techniques, applicability, and security levels. The study delves into the technical specifications of each VC type, offering insights into secret image formats, the number of secret images used, types of shares, pixel expansion, and complexity. Significant attention is given to the practical applications of VC, ranging from secure document verification and anti-counterfeiting measures to digital watermarking and online data protection. The paper also identifies key challenges in the field, such as image quality retention post-decryption, computational efficiency, and scalability. Future prospects of VC are explored, particularly its potential integration with emerging technologies like AI and blockchain. This survey aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of VC’s current state, its diverse applications, and the future possibilities, making it a valuable resource for researchers and practitioners in the field of data security and cryptography.
The Influence of Perceived Usefulness , Price and Brand Trust on Consumer Satisfaction in the Indriver Application
Authors: Tiara Tri mutiara sakinah , Sakinah Tri Mutiara , Saragih Iharman
Published: March 2024

This research aims to determine the influence of perceived usefulness, price and brand trus on consumer satisfaction with the Indriver application (case study of marketing concentration management study program students at Simalungun Pematangsiantar University).This research was obtained from management study economics students who used the InDriver application that perceived usefulness, price and brand support increased consumer satisfaction in using the application. The sample used was 90 users who had used the Indriver service application who live in Pematangsiantar City. This research uses associative descriptive. Researchers use associative descriptive methods because in this research they will test the relationship model between variables and describe the research object, and test hypotheses using multiple linear regression analysis to explain phenomena in the form of relationships between two or more variables. The research results found that perceived usefulness, price and brand truts have a positive and significant influence on consumer satisfaction, perceived usefulness has a positive and significant influence on consumer satisfaction, price has a positive influence on consumer satisfaction, brand truts has a positive and significant influence on consumer satisfaction .
Peran Indonesia dalam Penyelesaian Konflik di Asia Tenggara Sebagai Pemegang Presidensi ASEAN 2023 (Studi Kasus Kudeta Myanmar)
Authors: Ningrum Diana Wulan , Raditya Muhammad Rafi
Published: March 2024

A coup is an act carried out by military officers in terms of obtaining power from a legitimate government. Then, the incident can be defined as a military coup, one of the countries that has experienced various military coups, namely Myanmar. The most recent case occurred in February 2021 when the military junta government overthrew Aung San Suu Kyi and her cabinet because it was considered that there had been fraud in the elections and could not carry out Postponement of elections due to COVID-19. The success of the overthrow of the civilian government, the military junta government was in power. During its reign the military government often committed various acts of human rights violations so that many parties, such as the United Nations through its Human Rights Council, ASEAN and Indonesia became countries that held the ASEAN presidency in 2023. However, each party must not intervene in Myanmar's national policies and must prioritize diplomatic efforts in resolving this case
Relationship between the Practise of Consuming Pork Lawar and the Prevalence of Taeniasis in Kerobokan Village, Badung Regency, Bali
Authors: Ayu Gayatri Ni Luh Putu , Yulfi Hemma
Published: March 2024

Abstract. Introduction: Taeniasis is an infection brought on by Taenia sp. Tapeworms, one of which is Taenia solium, whose intermediate host is swine. Adult tapeworms develop in the intestines of the host (human) after consuming infected pork that was not properly prepared. Lawar babi is one of the Balinese dishes that utilises cooked, undercooked, or even uncooked pork. Balinese, including residents of Kerobokan Village, are accustomed to eating pork lawar. Objective: To determine the relationship between the consumption of pork lawar and the incidence of taeniasis in the village of Kerobokan, Badung Regency, Bali. Methods: This is a correlative categorical research with a cross sectional design. The study population is people in Kerobokan Village, Bali Province. Using power of 0.8 strength of linear correlation of 0.25, and additional 10% for incomplete data, we obtain sample size of 128 people who meet inclusion criteria. Data was obtained by filling out a set of validated questionnaire. Results: Sixty-five out of 128 respondents (50.8%) were found to possess a positive inclination towards the consumption of pork lawar, and only 1 (one) respondent (0.08%) had a history of taeniasis. The significance value of the correlation (p) between the habit of eating pork lawar and a history of taeniasis was 0.312. Conclusion: There is a lack of correlation between the practise of consuming pork lawar and the prevalence of taeniasis among the population residing in Kerobokan Village, located in the Badung Regency of Bali.
Keywords: Pork lawar, Taenia solium, Taenia saginata, Taeniasis
The Exploitation of Women's Body and Sensuality: The Attraction of Newspaper Movie Advertisements in The Local Daily Newspapers (Waspada, Sinar Indonesia Baru, and Analisa) in Medan in the 1970s
Authors: Hati Lila Pelita , Ginting Lestari Dara Cinta Utami , Malik Rahman
Published: March 2024

Newspaper advertising experienced a significant increase in the 1970s. During that period, three local daily newspapers were established in Medan: Waspada, Sinar Indonesia Baru, and Analisa. These newspapers displayed various advertisements in their publications, one of which was the advertisement to promote the film that would be shown in theaters at that time. In promoting films through these advertisements, many producers use women as a means of promotion. Women have their magnet to attract the audience's interest. This journal explains how women’s representation in the local daily newspaper advertisements in Medan in the 1970s and how the exploitation of women’s bodies and sexual attractiveness in the advertisements for the film's promotion was related to global discourse, especially in terms of women's appearance. The four stages of historical methods are applied to conduct the research: heuristics, verification, interpretation, and historiography. The research results show that advertising producers often showcased pictures of beautiful and sexy women and even displayed vulgar words to attract the audience's interest which didn't represent the storyline of the film itself.
The Afixation in Karo Language
Authors: Sembiring Gunawan , Mentari Suci , Effendi Sultan Salman
Published: March 2024

This study aims to reveal the process of affixation and potential forms in the Karo language at the Pancur Batu Traditional Market. The theory used in this paper is the theory proposed by experts in the field of morphology. The approach used is a generative morphological theory [1][2]. The basic units of the lexicon are "morphemes," and according to the lexicalist, Aronoff argues that "words" are the basis of all derivations. The morphophonemic process analysis consists of four subcomponents: 1) morpheme list, 2) word formation rules, 3) filter, and 4) dictionary. The data found verb-forming affixations, noun-forming affixations, adjective-forming affixations, reduplication with affixes, and potential forms in the Karo language. This study focuses on collecting and presenting qualitative data on affixation processes closely related to morphology. Therefore, this research is also called descriptive-qualitative research. In the potential formation of the Karo language, there are three possible forms: phonological, lexical, and semantic.
Origin, history, and current situation of donkeys and mules in Mexico
Authors: Ortega Cerrilla Maria Esther , Vázquez Díaz Rigoberto , Muñoz Cuautle Adrián , Vera Herrera Itzel Yazmin
Published: March 2024

Objective: To review the economic and social importance of donkeys and mules and their current situation in Mexico.
Design/Methodology/Approach: Donkeys and mules have contributed to human development for thousands of years, mainly as pack animals, helping in the development of trade and the transportation of people. These strong, hardy, and long-lived animals can easily adapt to different environmental conditions, are resistant to diseases, and tolerate heavier loads than horses.
Study Limitations/Implications: These animals are mainly found in developing countries, where they are used for transportation, as beasts of burden, and for agricultural work. Unfortunately, their welfare is threatened as their basic needs (e.g., feeding, health, and housing) are not met, despite their undeniable usefulness, especially in rural conditions.
Findings/Conclusions: Donkeys and mules have played a major role and made an undeniable contribution to human civilizations. Currently, they mainly support people in developing countries, helping them carry out their daily chores and earn income.
Lychee (Lychee chinensis Sonn.), composition and possible applications
Authors: Torres-Becerril M. , ZALDÍVAR CRUZ JUAN MANUEL , Ojeda-Enciso L.A.
Published: March 2024

Objective: to mention the importance of the bioactive compounds and fatty acids (FA) present in lychee, in addition to their possible applications Lychee is a fruit originally from Asia, which has sweet pulp and juice, presents an attractive appearance and pleasant flavor, in addition to high nutritional value, so that it is quite accepted by consumers. Lychee is a great source of bioactive compounds such as tannins and vitamin B1. Because of its functionality, it has various uses as in the preparation of teas and medicinal remedies. Because of the functionality it has, it is important to research this fruit in detail and to find possible applications. Therefore, the objective of this study.
USO DE CHAYOTES MEXICANOS PARA TRATAMIENTO DE ENFERMEDADES DE INTERÉS PÚBLICO
Authors: Cadena-Iñiguez J.
Published: March 2024

De acuerdo con la IARC (Agencia Internacional para la Investigación sobre el Cáncer) para el año 2012, hubo 78,700 muertes por cáncer en México, ocupando el segundo lugar como causa de muerte, con la pérdida de 33.5 años potenciales de vida.
ACTIVIDAD ANTIMICROBIANA DEL ACEITE ESENCIAL DE TOMILLO (Thymus vulgaris L.)
Authors: Ruiz-Posadas L.M.
Published: March 2024

El tomillo (Thymus vulgaris L.) se comercializa principalmente por sus hojas y por la extracción de su aceite esencial (AE), compuesto principalmente por monoterpenos (timol, carvacrol y linalol, y-terpineno, p-cimeno, a-Pineno y a-Tujueno). Se conocen diversas propiedades del AE, tales como su actividad antitumoral, antibacteriana, antifúngicas y antioxidante. Se evaluó el efecto que tiene la aplicación de un fitorregulador comercial, la inoculación con rizobacterias promotoras del crecimiento vegetal y hongos micorrízicos arbsculares en el rendimiento, composición y actividad antibacteriana del aceite esencial de tomillo, obteniendo que el mayor rendimiento lo registró el tratamiento P61 con 13.3 mg AE g-1 MS. Se observó que el número de componentes y el porcentaje presente en el AE son diferente en cada tratamiento. El tratamiento que presentó mayor concentración de timol fue el Testigo (52.55%), seguido por el tratamiento inoculado con P61 (51.05%) y Zac19+Cedro (50.66%). Para O-Cimeno el tratamiento inoculado con Zac19 (21.79) presenta la mayor concentración, seguido de Zac19+Cedro y Bioforte con 20.38% y 19.37% respectivamente. Respecto a la concentración de J-terpineno Cedro y P61 mostraron mejor respuesta, con 17.91 y 17.84% respectivamente. Los aceites de T. vulgaris, mostraron actividad antibacteriana contra E. coli., en concentración a 50%, correspondiendo a plantas inoculadas con P61 que demostró mayor diámetro de inhibición.
Cross-Cultural Analysis of Childrenâ€™s Moral Education: Perspectives on Deception in Korean and Western Folklores
Authors: Jeong Stella Se Young
Published: March 2024

Cross-cultural differences in childrenâ€™s judgment of lying have been documented in past research. In this qualitative study, collectivist and individualist perspectives on deception are compared. Using emergent and predetermined themes analysis, four Korean and Western folklores are analyzed. Framed by culturally sustaining pedagogy, folklores are interpreted as instruments in early learning to transmit local cultural values and bring attention to cultural diversity in moral education. Findings indicate non-binary perspectives on deception in both cultures, suggesting deception is used to impart lessons on morality and socialization. The research proposes that children encounter complex social and moral rules, but education under the neoliberal and settler colonial systems prohibit complex discussion. Recommendations are made for educators to engage in discussions on lying with children instead of avoiding uncomfortable topics through punishment. Introducing diverse perspectives on deception through different cultural resources online is suggested to propagate globalization instead of westernization in moral education.
Keterampilan Menulis Puisi Siswa dengan Menggunakan Media Video Kartun
Authors: Hidayatika Uliana , Aprilia Difa , Rifa Nisrina Najla , Fitriyah Mahmudah
Published: March 2024

This article discusses the poetry writing abilities of grade 4 students at Kedaung Elementary School, Depok. 4th-grade elementary school students' understanding of poetry is still very limited, even when writing poetry individually. Therefore, teaching poetry material in elementary school requires learning media. Cartoon videos are used as learning media for elementary school students because they are very popular. This research was conducted with the aims of finding out the extent of the poetry writing skills of grade 4 elementary school students and analyzing the effectiveness of video media in improving the poetry writing skills of grade 4 elementary school students. Descriptive qualitative methods and open interviews were used in this research. Poetry by 4th grade students at SDN Kedaung, Depok, was used as a data source. Based on this research, it was found that there was an increase in the poetry writing skills of grade 4 elementary school students by using cartoon video media. Of the 30 students, it was found that 24 students experienced an increase in their grades from the first poem to the second poem they wrote. This is proven by the average score for poetry 1 is 65.5 and for writing poetry 2 is 73.2. Based on the results of open interviews, it was found that 21 students felt they had no more difficulty writing poetry after watching cartoon videos. So it is concluded that the use of video media in the form of cartoons is very effective in improving poetry writing skills in students at the elementary school level.
A randomised crossover trial of tezacaftor-ivacaftor for gut dysfunction in cystic fibrosis with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) outcomes: a pilot study.
Authors: Ng Christabella , Dellschaft Neele S , Hoad Caroline , Marciani Luca , Spiller Robin , Crooks Colin , Hill Trevor , Menys Alex , Mainz Jochen G , Barr Helen , Gowland Penny A. , Major Giles , Smyth Alan R
Published: March 2024

Background People with cystic fibrosis (CF) can experience recurrent chest infections, pancreatic exocrine insufficiency and gastrointestinal symptoms. New cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) modulator drugs improve lung function but gastrointestinal effects are unclear. We aimed to see if a CFTR modulator (tezacaftor-ivacaftor,TEZ/IVA) improves gastrointestinal outcomes in CF. Methods We conducted a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, two-period crossover trial (2019-2020) at Nottingham University Hospitals. The effects of TEZ/IVA on gut physiology were measured using MRI. Participants were randomly assigned to treatment sequences AB or BA (A:TEZ/IVA, B:placebo, each 28 days), with a 28-day washout period. Participants had serial MRI scans at baseline and after 19-23 days of each treatment. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, a protocol amendment allowed for observer-blind comparisons prior to and during TEZ/IVA. In such cases, participants were not blind to the treatment but researchers remained blind. The primary outcome was oro-caecal transit time (OCTT). Secondary outcomes included MRI metrics, symptoms and stool biomarkers. Results We randomised 13 participants. Before the COVID-19 pandemic 8 participants completed the full protocol and 1 dropped out. The remaining 4 participants followed the amended protocol. There were no significant differences between placebo and TEZ/IVA for OCTT (TEZ/IVA >360minutes [225,>360] vs. placebo 330minutes [285,>360], p=0.8) or secondary outcomes. There were no adverse events. Conclusions Our data contribute to a research gap in the extra-pulmonary effects of CFTR modulators. We found no effect after TEZ/IVA on MRI metrics of gut function, GI symptoms or stool calprotectin. Effects might be detectable with larger studies, longer treatment or more effective CFTR modulators. ClinicalTrials.gov registration NCT04006873 (02/07/2019)
Potential of Steam Generating by The PMMA Fresnel Lens Concentrator for Indoor Solar Cooker Application
Authors: Asrori Asrori , Udianto Pondi , Faizal Elka , Rizza Muhammad Akhlis , Witono Kris , Perdana Dony
Published: March 2024

Solar power is an alternative energy source that can be used for cooking. It is a simple, secure, and useful way to cook food without using conventional fuels that pollute the air. Solar cookers offer various benefits to the user’s health, productivity, and income as well as to the environment. Solar energy is abundant in a tropical country like Indonesia, making it a dependable and sustainable of energy resource. The study’s goal is to analyze the potency of steam produced by a solar cooker that uses a Fresnel lens concentrator. The thermal performance of the Fresnel lens concentrator with a conical receiver on the solar cooker prototype is discussed in this research. In the construction of solar cookers, PMMA (Polymethyl-Methacrylate) Fresnel lenses, manual trackers, and conical receiver types are used. The research conducts an experimental analysis of the thermal performance of the prototype solar cooker using a Fresnel lens concentrator with a conical receiver. This empirical approach provides valuable data on the efficiency and effectiveness of the solar cooker design. The experiment result shows the cumulative average solar irradiation, the average collection of solar energy per time of Fresnel lens concentrator, and the heat utilized of steam from conical receiver are 709.09 W/m², 456.14 Watt, and 383.88 Watt, respectively. The results of this study suggest that Fresnel lens concentrators are a promising development for indoor solar cookers and therefore provide a pathway for increased utilization of solar cooking technology.
WindValue, End-of-Life Decisions for Wind Farms
Authors: Mikindani Dorcas
Published: March 2024

Wind farms have an estimated lifespan of twenty to twenty five years, and as they age, their value decreases, potentially becoming a liability. This article discusses a research project that aims to develop a decision support tool for wind farm owners. The tool will help estimate financial outcomes and assess risk profiles for different options such as repowering, life extension, or decommissioning. Additionally, the project will explore challenges and opportunities related to co-investment between local communities and wind farm owners.
Milking Cows Less Often Might Benefit Farmers (And Possibly Cheese)
Authors: Page Richard
Published: March 2024

Most dairy farms milk cows twice-a-day, but interest in once-a-day milking systems is increasing. This article discusses the background and benefits that are leading some farms to consider a change to a reduced milking frequency. Also, until recently, only limited work had been done to explore how dairy products are impacted by milking frequency. Some recent investigations completed at UCC and Teagasc on cheese now provides some reassuring evidence. Going further still, this research also suggests that reducing milking frequency might offer some unique opportunities for cheese production in the future.
AGROTÓXICOS, SEMENTES TRANSGÊNICAS E NOVAS BIOTECNOLOGIAS
Authors: Souza Murilo Mendonça Oliveira , Melgarejo Leonardo , Silva Neto Carlos de Melo e , Folgado Cleber Adriano Rodrigues
Published: March 2024

Os agrotóxicos e as sementes transgênicas têm representado um símbolo na consolidação do agronegócio como paradigma técnico, político e ideológico para o campo brasileiro. Podemos incluir nesse pacote, há alguns anos, as novas biotecnologias de manipulação genética. Tal pacote, embora apresentado como necessário ao desenvolvimento nacional, atua no sentido de ampliar os impactos socioambientais, afetando populações do campo e da cidade. Este texto objetiva contribuir para reflexões acerca das amarras históricas que levaram à consolidação do agronegócio, fortalecendo o mercado de agrotóxicos e sementes, agora renovado pela adoção acrítica das novas biotecnologias. O texto se apoia em revisão de literatura e interpretação de dados de fontes secundárias, bem como no acompanhamento do cotidiano político e produtivo conduzido por operadores do Grupo de Trabalho Agrotóxicos e Transgênicos, da Associação Brasileira de Agroecologia (ABA). Os resultados da análise realizada indicam o crescimento no uso de agrotóxicos e transgênicos desproporcional ao crescimento da produção e produtividade agrícola no país, o que nos leva a concluir que há um esgotamento deste modelo, desde que historicamente não apresentou as respostas prometidas.
Effectiveness of combination use of intralesional steroid with 5-fluorouracil in the treatment of keloid patients
Authors: Arpan Kumar Basak  , Joya Debnath  , Hossain Md Munjur , Hasanat Md Abul
Published: March 2024

Background:  Keloids are a common problem with significant recurrence rates despite intralesional steroid treatment and 5-fluorouracil in combination with triamcinolone may be superior to triamcinolone alone. Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of the combination use of intralesional steroids with 5-fluorouracil in the treatment of keloid. Methods: The study was a descriptive cross-sectional study and was conducted at the Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Khwaja Yunus Ali Medical College (KYAMC), Enayetpur, Sirajganj, from July 2020 to June 2021. A total of 100 patients with keloid were included in this study. These patients were subjected to history, clinical examination, and investigations. In all cases, informed written consent was taken from the Participants and a separate case record form was used during data collection. Collected data were analyzed by the statistical software IBM SPSS 25. Results: This study shows that the majority (68%) of patients belonged to the age group of 21-30 years. The mean age was 26.43±7.77 years. Regarding sex, 56% were females and 44% were males with a male-female ratio of 1.3:1. 52% of patients had a duration of lesion up to 1 year, 22% of patients had 1-2 years and 26% of patients had >2 years. The most common site of keloid was the chest (38%), then face (32%), upper extremity (16%), shoulder (6%), back (4%). The most common presenting symptoms were pruritis (56%), then 38% were cosmetic disfigurement, 32% were skin discoloration, 28% were pain and 18% were restriction of movement.  Trauma was the commonest factor seen in 34% of the patients followed by ear piercing (22%) and infection (20%). Other causes were spontaneous (10%), acne (6%), burns (6%), and post-surgical keloid (2%). 16 had a positive family history of the keloid disease. The majority (70%) had good outcomes followed by excellent outcomes in 22% and 8% had average outcomes.  It was observed that most patients (88%) did not have any adverse effects. Only 12% had adverse effects seen as skin ulceration (6%), skin atrophy (4%) and telangiectasia (2%). Conclusion: This study revealed that the combination use of intralesional steroids with 5-fluorouracil in the treatment of keloid seems to offer the balanced benefit of faster and more efficacious response with fewer adverse effects. Treatment has to be individualized and can be combined with one or more modalities to aim for better efficacy and safety.
Mediscope 2024;11(1): 41-47
Pengenalan Moderasi Beragama melalui Metode Cerita pada Santri Taman Pendidikan Al-Qur’an Nagari Seulayat Ulakan
Authors: Rizki Agam Muhammad
Published: March 2024

Indonesia termasuk negara multikultural yang mempunyai keragaman agama, budaya, bahasa, maupun suku. Oleh karena itu, moderasi beragama penting dikenalkan kepada masyarakat mulai dari anak- anak. Moderasi beragama diartikan sebagai tahapan pemahaman dan pengamalan secara seimbang dan adil seluruh ajaran agama untuk menghindari perilaku ekstrem. TPA Nagari Seulakat belum mengajarkan materi moderasi beragama kepada santri, maka program ini perlu dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengenalkan moderasi beragama melalui metode bercerita bagi santri TPA Nagari Seulayat Ulakan agar nantinya bisa diterapkan dalam kehidupan sehari- hari.  Program kerja KKN ini dilakukan dengan metode Practical dan Theoritical. Hasil dari pengabdian ini  menunjukkan bahwa program berjalan dan diterima dengan baik oleh santri. Para santri senang mendengarkan setiap penyampaian cerita yang di sampaikan oleh TIM KKN, santri juga bertahap sudah mulai menerapkan sikap moderasi beragama dikehidupan sehari- hari. Saran untuk kedepannya pihak pengajar TPA bisa menambahkan materi tentang moderasi beragama menjadi salah satu materi di TPA tersebut.
Investigation of the Effect of Short-Term Karate Training on Walking Ability in Visually Impaired Children
Authors: Suveren Erdoğan Ceren , Arslan Yasin
Published: March 2024

This study aimed to investigate the effect of 6-week karate training on walking skills, a locomotor skill, in visually impaired individuals aged 10-14 years. A total of 20 visually impaired individuals participated in the study. To evaluate the walking skills of the visually impaired individuals, a 10-meter walking test was performed on a walking line that could be felt on the soles of the feet, and the participants' 10-meter walking time, step length, and step number values were recorded. SigmaPlot 11.0 program was used for data analysis. In the pre-and post-test comparisons, the Paired t-test was used for normally distributed data, and the Wilcoxon test was used for non-normally distributed data. In the comparison of two independent groups, a t-test was used for normally distributed data, and the Mann Whitney-U Test was used for non-normally distributed data. According to the findings, there was no statistically significant difference between the 10-meter walking pre-test results of the karate and control groups with and without glasses. When the post-test values were analyzed, a statistically significant difference (p<0.05) was found in all parameters of the karate group except the stride length parameter. In intra-group comparisons, while there was no significance in the pre-post test values of the control group, a statistically significant (p<0.05) difference was found in all parameters of the karate group. As a result, short-term karate training has a positive effect on the walking skills of visually impaired individuals aged 10-14 years.
Changes in frequency of benign convulsions with mild gastroenteritis and their viral causes before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: a single-center study
Authors: Na Hyejin , Lee Sanghoon , Kim Seo Hee , Kim Young Ok
Published: March 2024

Background: Benign convulsions with mild gastroenteritis (CwG) are prevalent in young children during the winter. Early in the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, viral gastroenteritis occurrence decreased and seasonal variation was lost, which can change CwG.Purpose: Here we investigated changes in frequency, seasonal variation, and causative viruses of CwG during the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods: We screened 1134 patients (3–36 months) with “other and unspecified convulsions” treated at Chonnam National University Hospital between March 2017 and February 2023; of them, we enrolled 41 (3.6%) with CwG. We compared their medical records from period I (March 2017 to February 2020) to those from period II (March 2020 to February 2023). Publicly available viral gastroenteritis surveillance data from the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency (KDCA) were reviewed as reference.Results: Of the 41 patients with CwG, 18 (2.9% of 613) were affected in period I versus 23 (4.4% of 512) in period II (P=0.184). In period I, CwG mainly occurred in winter and spring (55.6% and 22.2%, respectively). In period II, there were fewer CwG cases (39.1%) in winter and more cases in summer and autumn (26.1% and 17.4%, respectively): the cases of norovirus genogroup II (GII)-associated CwG increased significantly in the summer (38.5% vs. 0%, P= 0.046). Norovirus GII was the most common virus (56.1% of isolates). Enteric adenovirus was the second most common (19.5%), with one case in period I and 7 cases in period II (P=0.059). The clinical characteristics of enteric adenovirus-associated CwG were similar to those of norovirus. Seasonal changes in and viral causes of CwG were consistent with those observed in the KDCA stool surveillance data.Conclusion: During the COVID-19 pandemic, CwG frequency did not change, seasonal variation was unapparent, and enteric adenovirus-associated CwG frequency increased.
Erzincan Müzesi Bizans Sikkeleri (2009-2014)
Authors: ÖZKAN Muhammed Haluk , KINDIĞILI Muhammet Lütfü
Published: March 2024

Zengin tarihinin yanı sıra geride bıraktığı önemli eserler ile Roma İmparatorluğunun devamı olan Bizans İmparatorluğu, sanatın her alanında bıraktığı taşınabilir kültür varlıkları ve arkeolojik verileri ile dikkat çekmektedir. Dönemin kültürel belleğine ait derin izler barındıran bu mevcut veriler arasında oldukça önemli bir grubu meydana getiren sikkeler, dönemlerine ışık tutmaktadır. Bizans İmparatorluğunun kültür ve medeniyeti, inanç sistemi, tarihi süreci gibi kronolojik izlerini sürme hususunda mevcut sikke örnekleri önemli bir yere sahiptir. Çalışmamız kapsamında Erzincan Müzesinde 2009-2014 yıllarına ait 27 adet Bizans Dönemi sikkesi incelenmiştir. Bu sikkeler arasında en erken tarihli olanı I. Justinus (518-527), en geç tarihli olanı ise X. Konstantinus (1059-1067) Dönemine aittir. Bunların dışında 5 farklı anonim follis grubu da müze envanterinde kendisine yer bulmuştur. Erzincan Müzesinde yer alan bu sikkeler dönemsel özellikleri, imparatorları, üzerinde yer alan yazıları, monogramları, hükümdarlık yılı, değer işaretleri, darphane işaretleri ve okunabilir durumda olan lejantları ile tanıtılmıştır. Ayrıca sikke üzerinde tasvir edilen figür veya figürlerin kime ait olduğu ile birden fazla kişinin yer aldığı kompozisyonlardaki figürlerin konumları, duruş pozisyonları ile çevrelerinde yer alan ve kompozisyonu tamamlayıcı niteliğe sahip objelerle birlikte değerlendirilmiştir. Makale kapsamında Erzincan Müzesi Bizans sikkeleri, Kuzeydoğu Anadolu’da Bizans Dönemi sikke dolaşımını bilimsel olarak ortaya koyabilme adına Erzurum, Refahiye, Malatya, Mardin ve Giresun Müzeleri ile Harput İç Kale Kazısında ele geçirilen örneklerle karşılaştırılmıştır.
COST AND TIME ANALYSIS OF DRAINAGE WORKS USING CONVENTIONAL RIVERSTONE METHOD AND PRECAST U-DITCH METHOD
Authors: Yulianus Brechmans Dilianto  , Galuh Dimas Langga Chandra , Sutrisno Widarto
Published: March 2024

Road drainage is part of the infrastructure required for roads. This infrastructure is designed to drain water from the surface of the road to its final disposal. In general terms, drainage is a series of structures designed to reduce and remove excess water from an area or land to allow the land to function optimally. There are two types of road drainage systems, surface and subsurface. Surface drainage systems are generally open or closed channels.
The method used in this research is quantitative method, where this method explains a process of seeking knowledge using data in the form of numbers as a means of analysing information about the things is desired to know about a situation that becomes the object of study and then analysed with the help of Microsoft Excel 2013 and Microsoft Word 2013 software.
The comparative analysis results of the cost and time for implementation of drainage works using the conventional river stone method over a length of 192 metres requires 55 working days at a cost of Rp 123,617,000.0, while the precast U-ditch method over a length of 174 metres requires 48 working days at a cost of Rp 78,292,000.0. Where the implementation of the conventional method turns out to be 14% longer than using the precast method.
The results of the analysis of the cost per metre of drainage works using the conventional river stone method and the precast u-ditch method obtained the results, which are drainage works using the conventional river stone method amounting to Rp 6,438,385 while the work using the precast u-ditch method is Rp 4,449,540, with the difference between the two methods amounting to Rp 1,988,845. Where the use of the precast method is 30% lower than the conventional method.