bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
T cell responses at diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis predict disease progression
Authors: Yazdani Solmaz , Seitz Christina , Cui Can , Lovik Anikó , Pan Lu , Piehl Fredrik , Pawitan Yudi , Kläppe Ulf , Press Rayomand , Samuelsson Kristin , Yin Li , Vu Trung Nghia , Joly Anne-Laure , Westerberg Lisa S. , Evertsson Björn , Ingre Caroline , Andersson John , Fang Fang
Published: November 2022

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease, involving neuroinflammation and T cell infiltration in the central nervous system. However, the contribution of T cell responses to the pathology of the disease is not fully understood. Here we show, by flow cytometric analysis of blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples of a cohort of 89 newly diagnosed ALS patients in Stockholm, Sweden, that T cell phenotypes at the time of diagnosis are good predictors of disease outcome. High frequency of CD4+FOXP3− effector T cells in blood and CSF is associated with poor survival, whereas high frequency of activated regulatory T (Treg) cells and high ratio between activated and resting Treg cells in blood are associated with better survival. Besides survival, phenotypic profiling of T cells could also predict disease progression rate. Single cell transcriptomics analysis of CSF samples shows clonally expanded CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in CSF, with characteristic gene expression patterns. In summary, T cell responses associate with and likely contribute to disease progression in ALS, supporting modulation of adaptive immunity as a viable therapeutic option.
Deep autoencoder for interpretable tissue-adaptive deconvolution and cell-type-specific gene analysis
Authors: Chen Yanshuo , Wang Yixuan , Chen Yuelong , Cheng Yuqi , Wei Yumeng , Li Yunxiang , Wang Jiuming , Wei Yingying , Chan Ting-Fung , Li Yu
Published: November 2022

Single-cell RNA-sequencing has become a powerful tool to study biologically significant characteristics at explicitly high resolution. However, its application on emerging data is currently limited by its intrinsic techniques. Here, we introduce Tissue-AdaPtive autoEncoder (TAPE), a deep learning method connecting bulk RNA-seq and single-cell RNA-seq to achieve precise deconvolution in a short time. By constructing an interpretable decoder and training under a unique scheme, TAPE can predict cell-type fractions and cell-type-specific gene expression tissue-adaptively. Compared with popular methods on several datasets, TAPE has a better overall performance and comparable accuracy at cell type level. Additionally, it is more robust among different cell types, faster, and sensitive to provide biologically meaningful predictions. Moreover, through the analysis of clinical data, TAPE shows its ability to predict cell-type-specific gene expression profiles with biological significance. We believe that TAPE will enable and accelerate the precise analysis of high-throughput clinical data in a wide range.
Deep learning for fully-automated nuclear pleomorphism scoring in breast cancer
Authors: Mercan Caner , Balkenhol Maschenka , Salgado Roberto , Sherman Mark , Vielh Philippe , Vreuls Willem , Polónia António , Horlings Hugo M. , Weichert Wilko , Carter Jodi M. , Bult Peter , Christgen Matthias , Denkert Carsten , van de Vijver Koen , Bokhorst John-Melle , van der Laak Jeroen , Ciompi Francesco
Published: November 2022

To guide the choice of treatment, every new breast cancer is assessed for aggressiveness (i.e., graded) by an experienced histopathologist. Typically, this tumor grade consists of three components, one of which is the nuclear pleomorphism score (the extent of abnormalities in the overall appearance of tumor nuclei). The degree of nuclear pleomorphism is subjectively classified from 1 to 3, where a score of 1 most closely resembles epithelial cells of normal breast epithelium and 3 shows the greatest abnormalities. Establishing numerical criteria for grading nuclear pleomorphism is challenging, and inter-observer agreement is poor. Therefore, we studied the use of deep learning to develop fully automated nuclear pleomorphism scoring in breast cancer. The reference standard used for training the algorithm consisted of the collective knowledge of an international panel of 10 pathologists on a curated set of regions of interest covering the entire spectrum of tumor morphology in breast cancer. To fully exploit the information provided by the pathologists, a first-of-its-kind deep regression model was trained to yield a continuous scoring rather than limiting the pleomorphism scoring to the standard three-tiered system. Our approach preserves the continuum of nuclear pleomorphism without necessitating a large data set with explicit annotations of tumor nuclei. Once translated to the traditional system, our approach achieves top pathologist-level performance in multiple experiments on regions of interest and whole-slide images, compared to a panel of 10 and 4 pathologists, respectively.
RadonPy: automated physical property calculation using all-atom classical molecular dynamics simulations for polymer informatics
Authors: Hayashi Yoshihiro , Shiomi Junichiro , Morikawa Junko , Yoshida Ryo
Published: November 2022

The spread of data-driven materials research has increased the need for systematically designed materials property databases. However, the development of polymer databases has lagged far behind other material systems. We present RadonPy, an open-source library that can automate the complete process of all-atom classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulations applicable to a wide variety of polymeric materials. Herein, 15 different properties were calculated for more than 1000 amorphous polymers. The MD-calculated properties were systematically compared with experimental data to validate the calculation conditions; the bias and variance in the MD-calculated properties were successfully calibrated by a machine learning technique. During the high-throughput data production, we identified eight amorphous polymers with extremely high thermal conductivity (>0.4 W ∙ m–1 ∙ K–1) and their underlying mechanisms. Similar to the advancement of materials informatics since the advent of computational property databases for inorganic crystals, database construction using RadonPy will promote the development of polymer informatics.
Achieving the ultimate end-to-end rates of lossy quantum communication networks
Authors: Winnel Matthew S. , Guanzon Joshua J. , Hosseinidehaj Nedasadat , Ralph Timothy C.
Published: November 2022

The field of quantum communications promises the faithful distribution of quantum information, quantum entanglement, and absolutely secret keys, however, the highest rates of these tasks are fundamentally limited by the transmission distance between quantum repeaters. The ultimate end-to-end rates of quantum communication networks are known to be achievable by an optimal entanglement distillation protocol followed by teleportation. In this work, we give a practical design for this achievability. Our ultimate design is an iterative approach, where each purification step operates on shared entangled states and detects loss errors at the highest rates allowed by physics. As a simpler design, we show that the first round of iterations can purify completely at high rates. We propose an experimental implementation using linear optics and photon-number measurements which is robust to inefficient operations and measurements, showcasing its near-term potential for real-world practical applications.
Switchable edge-line coupler based on parity time-reversal duality symmetry
Authors: Nadeem Iram , Verri Valentina , Martini Enrica , Morgia Fabio , Mattivi Maurizio , Toccafondi Alberto , Maci Stefano
Published: November 2022

A compact broadband Edge-Line Coupler (ELC) based on Parity Time-reversal Duality (PTD) symmetry has been conceived, designed, constructed and measured. The coupler connects four PTD bifilar edge lines (BELs), recently introduced by the authors. The PTD-BELs are constituted by a parallel plate waveguide whose walls are formed by a junction between Perfect Electric Conductor (PEC) and Perfect Magnetic Conductor (PMC) boundary conditions. Reversing the axis orthogonal to the plates interchanges the position of PEC and PMC. Such a waveguide supports unimodal transverse electromagnetic (TEM) propagation, extremely confined along the top and bottom junction edges; its propagation is protected against backscattering from any discontinuity that preserves the PTD symmetry. The ELC presented here is constituted by a 4-port junction in which each port is intrinsically matched due to the PTD symmetry, strongly coupled with a second port, strongly decoupled with a third port, and weakly coupled with a fourth port. The ELC is designed by using a mushroom metasurface for the PMC portion of the device; the connection is based on a switch circuit which imposes open and short conditions on the two opposite sides of the structure. Switching simultaneously the open and short circuits reroutes the signal in a different port, while maintaining the same level of coupling with the other ports. A static prototype has been built and its measurements have confirmed the matching performance and the good directionality of the coupler in a broadband frequency range between 24 and 30 GHz.
Finite element modeling of effects of tissue property variation on human optic nerve tethering during adduction
Authors: Park Joseph , Shin Andrew , Demer Joseph L.
Published: November 2022

Tractional tethering by the optic nerve (ON) on the eye as it rotates towards the midline in adduction is a significant ocular mechanical load and has been suggested as a cause of ON damage induced by repetitive eye movements. We designed an ocular finite element model (FEM) simulating 6° incremental adduction beyond the initial configuration of 26° adduction that is the observed threshold for ON tethering. This FEM permitted sensitivity analysis of ON tethering using observed material property variations in measured hyperelasticity of the anterior, equatorial, posterior, and peripapillary sclera; and the ON and its sheath. The FEM predicted that adduction beyond the initiation of ON tethering concentrates stress and strain on the temporal side of the optic disc and peripapillary sclera, the ON sheath junction with the sclera, and retrolaminar ON neural tissue. However, some unfavorable combinations of tissue properties within the published ranges imposed higher stresses in these regions. With the least favorable combinations of tissue properties, adduction tethering was predicted to stress the ON junction and peripapillary sclera more than extreme conditions of intraocular and intracranial pressure. These simulations support the concept that ON tethering in adduction could induce mechanical stresses that might contribute to ON damage.
Fixation free laparoscopic obliteration of inguinal hernia defects with the 3D dynamic responsive scaffold ProFlor
Authors: Amato Giuseppe , Agrusa Antonino , Calò Pietro Giorgio , Di Buono Giuseppe , Buscemi Salvatore , Cordova Adriana , Zanghì Guido , Romano Giorgio
Published: November 2022

Laparoscopic TAPP/TEP approaches are well-established options for the cure of inguinal hernias. As in the open approach, mesh fixation and poor-quality biologic response represent controversial questions and are a source of concerns. Furthermore, hernia defect patency represents another problem which seems not well acknowledged among surgeons. These problems are considered the cause of frequent intra and postoperative complications. To overcome these concerns, recently a different concept of cure has emerged. Based on a newly developed dynamic responsive 3D scaffold named ProFlor, a permanent hernia defect obliteration has been finalized. Following its inherent centrifugal expansion due to its dynamic responsivity, this hernia device is positioned fixation free within the defect and induces a probiotic biological response allowing for the re-establishment of the degenerated inguinal barrier. A laparoscopic approach with the 3D scaffold has been tested on 71 patients to demonstrate its effectiveness in reducing intra and postoperative complications. The operated patients presented with bilateral and/or recurrent inguinal hernia. Overall, 122 hernia defects were obliterated with 119 dynamic responsive scaffolds. The procedures were carried out from January 2018 to January 2022 with a defined protocol and detailed procedural steps. The laparoscopic technique with the 3D hernia scaffold allowed for fixation free placement, permanent defect obliteration and dynamically induced regenerative effects. The technique proved effective in reducing intra and postoperative complications. In particular, early postoperative pain and discomfort significantly decreased. No chronic pain and no recurrences were reported during follow up. The results achieved with the described laparoscopic technique seem to embody an innovative concept for inguinal hernia repair. Fixation free, dynamic responsive, permanent defect obliteration, histologically proven regenerative effects are the distinctive features of this 3D scaffold. It seems to embody a more physiological and pathogenetically coherent concept of cure, thus improving treatment results of this widespread disease.
Cellulose nanofibrils and silver nanoparticles enhances the mechanical and antimicrobial properties of polyvinyl alcohol nanocomposite film
Authors: Madivoli Edwin Shigwenya , Kareru Patrick Gachoki , Gichuki Joyline , Elbagoury Mostafa M.
Published: November 2022

Recent findings of microplastics in marine food such as fish, crabs and shrimps necessitate the need to develop biodegradable packaging materials. This study reports on the development of a biodegradable packing material from cellulose nanofibril-polyvinyl alcohol nanocomposite embedded with silver nanoparticles. Microcrystalline cellulose was isolated from sugarcane bagasse via the kraft process followed by conversion of cellulose I to cellulose II using NaOH/urea/water solution. The nanofibrils were then isolated using (2,2,6,6-Tetramethylpiperidin-1-yl) oxyl (TEMPO) and used as a reinforcing element in polyvinyl alcohol composite prepared through solvent casting. The tensile strength, water solubility, optical properties, water vapor permeability and wettability of the prepared films were then evaluated. The antimicrobial potency of the films was evaluated using the disc diffusion antimicrobial assay against selected microorganisms.
Cold-atom sources for the Matter-wave laser Interferometric Gravitation Antenna (MIGA)
Authors: Beaufils Quentin , Sidorenkov Leonid A. , Lebegue Pierre , Venon Bertrand , Holleville David , Volodimer Laurent , Lours Michel , Junca Joseph , Zou Xinhao , Bertoldi Andrea , Prevedelli Marco , Sabulsky Dylan O. , Bouyer Philippe , Landragin Arnaud , Canuel Benjamin , Geiger Remi
Published: November 2022

The Matter-wave laser Interferometric Gravitation Antenna (MIGA) is an underground instrument using cold-atom interferometry to perform precision measurements of gravity gradients and strains. Following its installation at the low noise underground laboratory LSBB in the South-East of France, it will serve as a prototype for gravitational wave detectors with a horizontal baseline of 150 meters. Three spatially separated cold-atom interferometers will be driven by two common counter-propagating lasers to perform a measurement of the gravity gradient along this baseline. This article presents the cold-atom sources of MIGA, focusing on the design choices, the realization of the systems, the performances and the integration within the MIGA instrument.
Stable, reproducible, and binder-free gold/copper core–shell nanostructures for high-sensitive non-enzymatic glucose detection
Authors: Siampour Hossein , Abbasian Sara , Moshaii Ahmad , Amirsoleimani Amir R.
Published: November 2022

The core–shell non-enzymatic glucose sensors are generally fabricated by chemical synthesis approaches followed by a binder-based immobilization process. Here, we have introduced a new approach to directly synthesis the core–shell of Au@Cu and its Au@CuxO oxides on an FTO electrode for non-enzymatic glucose detection. Physical vapor deposition of Au thin film followed by thermal annealing has been used to fabricate Au nanocores on the electrode. The Cu shells have been deposited selectively on the Au cores using an electrodeposition method. Additionally, Au@Cu2O and Au@CuO have been synthesized via post thermal annealing of the Au@Cu electrode. This binder-free and selective-growing approach has the merit of high electrooxidation activity owing to improving electron transfer ability and providing more active sites on the surface. Electrochemical measurements indicate the superior activity of the Au@Cu2O electrode for glucose oxidation. The high sensitivity of 1601 μAcm−2 mM−1 and a low detection limit of 0.6 μM are achieved for the superior electrode. Additionally, the sensor indicates remarkable reproducibility and supplies accurate results for glucose detection in human serums. Moreover, this synthesis approach can be used for fast, highly controllable and precise fabrication of many core–shell structures by adjusting the electrochemical deposition and thermal treatment parameters.
Effects of the on-site energy on the electronic response of Sr3(Ir1−xMnx)2O7
Authors: Kim Dongwook , Ahn G. , Schmehr J. , Wilson S. D. , Moon S. J.
Published: November 2022

We investigated the doping and temperature evolutions of the optical response of Sr3(Ir1−xMnx)2O7 single crystals with 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.36 by utilizing infrared spectroscopy. Substitution of 3d transition metal Mn ions into Sr3Ir2O7 is expected to induce an insulator-to-metal transition via the decrease in the magnitude of the spin–orbit coupling and the hole doping. In sharp contrast, our data reveal the resilience of the spin–orbit coupling and the incoherent character of the charge transport. Upon Mn substitution, an incoherent in-gap excitation at about 0.25 eV appeared with the decrease in the strength of the optical transitions between the effective total angular momentum Jeff bands of the Ir ions. The resonance energies of the optical transitions between the Jeff bands which are directly proportional to the magnitude of the spin–orbit coupling hardly varied. In addition to these evolutions of the low-energy response, Mn substitution led to the emergence of a distinct high-energy optical excitation at about 1.2 eV which is larger than the resonance energies of the optical transitions between the Jeff bands. This observation indicates that the Mn 3d states are located away from the Ir 5d states in energy and that the large difference in the on-site energies of the transition metal ions is responsible for the incoherent charge transport and the robustness of the spin–orbit coupling. The effect of Mn substitution was also registered in the temperature dependence of the electronic response. The anomaly in the optical response of the parent compound observed at the antiferromagnetic transition temperature is notably suppressed in the Mn-doped compounds despite the persistence of the long-range antiferromagnetic ordering. The suppression of the spin-charge coupling could be related to charge disproportionation of the Ir ions.
Multilevel analysis of factors associated with perinatal intimate partner violence among postpartum population in Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Abota Tafesse Lamaro , Gashe Fikre Enqueselassie , Deyessa Negussie
Published: November 2022

Violence around pregnancy is critical in nature and major public health problem worldwide. Thus, the present study aims to determine the extent of perinatal partner violence and to identify its individual and community-level factors among postpartum women in Southern Ethiopia. A total of 1342 postpartum women nested in 38 ‘Kebles’ (clusters) were enumerated using multistage-clustered sampling techniques for multilevel analysis. Different parameters were computed for model comparison and model fitness. The overall prevalence of intimate partner violence before, during, and/or after pregnancy was estimated to be 39.9% [95% CI 36.9–44.5]. About 18% of women reported continuous abuse over the perinatal period. Postpartum women who live in rural areas [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 2.46; 95% CI 1.21–5.01], or in neighborhoods with high IPV favoring norms [AOR = 1.49; 95%CI 1.01–2.20], high female literacy [AOR = 2.84; 95%CI 1.62–5.01], high female autonomy [AOR = 2.06; 95%CI 1.36–3.12], or in neighborhoods with lower wealth status [AOR = 1.74; 95%CI 1.14–2.66] were more likely to encounter PIPV. The complex patterns of interplaying factors operating at different levels could put pregnant or postpartum women at higher risk of IPV victimization. Therefore, policies that prioritize the improvement of contextual factors, particularly norms toward IPV and women’s empowerment are likely to be the most effective interventions.
Comparison of the optical quality vision between real post-LASIK myopic laser surgery and the simulated implantation of a phakic IOL in low myopia
Authors: García Celia , Camps Vicente J. , Caballero María T. , Piñero David P. , Tañá Pedro , Tello Cristina , Miret Juan J.
Published: November 2022

A phakic intraocular lens (PIOL) of − 4.5 D was characterized from its wavefront aberration profile. A preclinical study was conducted using pre- and post-surgery data from four patients that had undergone myopic laser refractive surgery. All these patients would have needed a PIOL of − 4.5 D. Pre-surgery data were used to simulate the effect of a PIOL implantation. Post myopic refractive surgery data were used to calculate the post-LASIK eye model. Modulation transfer function (MTF), point spread function (PSF) and simulation of optotypes vision were obtained and compared. The PIOL did not worsen the optical quality of the eyes evaluated. High order Aberrations were always higher in the post-LASIK eye model. Optics quality trended to be better in PIOL implantation than post-LASIK surgery as pupil size increased.
Cell viability assessment associated with a contact of gas bubbles produced by femtosecond laser breakdown in cell culture media
Authors: Yasukuni Ryohei , Koyanagi Akari , Tanaka Yukihiro , Okano Kazunori , Hosokawa Yoichiroh
Published: November 2022

High intensity near infrared femtosecond laser is a promising tool for three-dimensional processing of biological materials. During the processing of cells and tissues, long lasting gas bubbles randomly appeared around the laser focal point, however physicochemical and mechanical effects of the gas bubbles has not been emphasized. This paper presents characteristic behaviors of the gas bubbles and their contact effects on cell viability. High-speed imaging of the gas bubble formation with various additives in physiological medium confirms that the gas bubble consists of dissolved air, and amphipathic proteins stabilize the bubble surface. This surface protective layer inhibits interactions of gas bubbles and cell membranes. Consequently, the gas bubble contact does not cause critical effects on cell viability. On the other hands, burst of gas bubbles stimulated by an impact of femtosecond laser induced cavitation can lead to liquid jet flow that might cause serious mechanical damages on cells. These results provide insights for the parameter of biological tissue processing with intense fs laser pulses.
Faint yet widespread glories reflect microphysics of marine clouds
Authors: Koren Ilan , Kostinski Alex , Wollner Uri , Dubrovin Daria
Published: November 2022

Glory is a beautiful optical phenomenon observed in an atmosphere as concentric colored rings reflected by clouds or fog around an antisolar point. Here we report that true color glories, although faint, are discernible in raw unpolarized satellite images by a naked eye on a daily basis, thus constituting a large and untapped reservoir of cloud data for which a simple diffraction-like approximation links cloud droplet diameter and variance to the glory’s structure.
Long-term recovery behavior of brain tissue in hydrocephalus patients after shunting
Authors: Gholampour Seifollah , Frim David , Yamini Bakhtiar
Published: November 2022

The unpredictable complexities in hydrocephalus shunt outcomes may be related to the recovery behavior of brain tissue after shunting. The simulated cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) velocity and intracranial pressure (ICP) over 15 months after shunting were validated by experimental data. The mean strain and creep of the brain had notable changes after shunting and their trends were monotonic. The highest stiffness of the hydrocephalic brain was in the first consolidation phase (between pre-shunting to 1 month after shunting). The viscous component overcame and damped the input load in the third consolidation phase (after the fifteenth month) and changes in brain volume were stopped. The long-intracranial elastance (long-IE) changed oscillatory after shunting and there was not a linear relationship between long-IE and ICP. We showed the long-term effect of the viscous component on brain recovery behavior of hydrocephalic brain. The results shed light on the brain recovery mechanism after shunting and the mechanisms for shunt failure.
Alveolar epithelial cells and microenvironmental stiffness synergistically drive fibroblast activation in three-dimensional hydrogel lung models
Authors: Caracena Thomas , Blomberg Rachel , Hewawasam Rukshika S. , Fry Zoe E. , Riches David W. H. , Magin Chelsea M.
Published: November 2022

Increased microenvironmental stiffness and alveolar epithelial cells were both required to drive fibroblast activation in biomaterial-based 3D models of pulmonary fibrosis.
PEDOT/PVC-modified amperometric carbon electrodes for acetylcholine detection
Authors: Xu Peibo , Muhamad Rapidi Hazirah Ismah , Ahmed Sidrah , Abel Daniel Kenneth , Garcia Kiersten Jade , Chen Ran , Iwai Nicholas Toshio , Shen Mei
Published: November 2022

Selective detection of acetylcholine (ACh) with PEDOT/PVC-modified amperometric carbon electrodes.
Squaraines as near-infrared photocatalysts for organic reactions
Authors: Sellet Nicolas , Sebbat Malik , Elhabiri Mourad , Cormier Morgan , Goddard Jean-Philippe
Published: November 2022

Herein, unprecedented uses of squaraine derivatives as new organic near-infrared photocatalysts are reported.
Manipulation of C–C coupling pathways using different annealing procedures
Authors: Huang Chaoqin , Xie Lei , Wang Hongbing , Liang Zhaofeng , Jiang Zheng , Song Fei
Published: November 2022

Modulating the annealing procedures provides an efficient and facile method for controllable selection of reaction pathways and fabrication of different products.
Ionic metal–organic frameworks (iMOFs): progress and prospects as ionic functional materials
Authors: Dutta Subhajit , More Yogeshwar D. , Fajal Sahel , Mandal Writakshi , Dam Gourab K. , Ghosh Sujit K.
Published: November 2022

Summary of the design and synthesis of functional ionic metal–organic frameworks toward various energy and environmental applications.
A tetraphenylethene-based hexacationic molecular cage with an open cavity
Authors: Cao Fan , Duan Honghong , Li Qingfang , Cao Liping
Published: November 2022

A tetraphenylethene-based hexacationic molecular cage with an open cavity exhibited 1 : 2 or 1 : 1 host–guest recognition for nicotinamide adenine dinucleotides with dual responses of CD and fluorescence in water.
Proximity-driven bioorthogonal reactionsviaDNA circuits enable the accurate aptasensing of non-nucleic acid targets
Authors: Zhao Su-Jing , Guo Haiyu , Wu Zhenkun , Jiang Jian-Hui
Published: November 2022

Tetrazine-mediated bioorthogonal reactions were rationally coupled with DNA circuits to construct a fluorogenic aptasensor for sensing of non-nucleic acid targets.
Fortification of thermal and structural stability of hemoglobin using choline chloride-based deep eutectic solvents
Authors: Arora Harshita , Dhiman Diksha , Kumar Krishan , Venkatesu Pannuru
Published: November 2022

A huge increase in the thermal stability of Hb is seen in the presence of both DESs as compared to Hb in the buffer.
Effect of the green synthesis of CuO plate-like nanoparticles on their photodegradation and antibacterial activities
Authors: Vetrimani A. , Geetha K. , Angel Jemima E. , Arulnathan N. , Kim Hyun-Seok , Kathalingam A.
Published: November 2022

Green synthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles and its effects on photocatalytic dye degradation and antibacterial activities are reported.
Thermal and concentration effects on 1H NMR relaxation of Gd3+-aqua using MD simulations and measurements
Authors: Pinheiro dos Santos Thiago J. , Parambathu Arjun Valiya , Fraenza Carla C. , Walsh Casey , Greenbaum Steve G. , Chapman Walter G. , Asthagiri Dilip , Singer Philip M.
Published: November 2022

Gadolinium-based contrast agents are key in clinical MRI for enhancing the longitudinal NMR relativity (r1) of hydrogen nuclei (1H) in water and improving the contrast among different tissues.
Anion-exchange membrane water electrolyzers and fuel cells
Authors: Yang Yaxiong , Li Peng , Zheng Xiaobo , Sun Wenping , Dou Shi Xue , Ma Tianyi , Pan Hongge
Published: November 2022

The key components, working management, and operating techniques of anion-exchange membrane water electrolyzers and fuel cells are reviewed for the first time.
Enhanced ammonia synthesis performance of a ceria-supported bimetallic catalyst by changing Co and Mo segregation
Authors: Fang Biyun , Li Jiahui , Liu Fangming , Zhang Chuanfeng , Li Chunyan , Ni Jun , Lin Jianxin , Lin Bingyu , Jiang Lilong
Published: November 2022

Ammonia synthesis performance of ceria-supported Co–Mo bimetallic catalyst has been enhanced by changing the metal segregation.
Stack-dependent ion diffusion behavior in two-dimensional bilayer C3B
Authors: Guo Gencai , Peng Yan , Luo Siwei , Guo Gang , Lai Chen , You Manqi , Xue Xiongxiong , Huang Zongyu , Wei Xiaolin , Wang Ruzhi , Zhong Jianxin
Published: November 2022

In recent years, two-dimensional (2D) C-based materials have been intensively studied due to their excellent physicochemical properties.
Characterization and bioactivity of extracellular vesicles isolated from pomegranate
Authors: Sánchez-López Christian M. , Manzaneque-López Mari Cruz , Pérez-Bermúdez Pedro , Soler Carla , Marcilla Antonio
Published: November 2022

In the current study, extracellular vesicles from pomegranate juice (PgEVs) were isolated for the first time using size exclusion chromatography (SEC).
Soy isoflavone ameliorated the alterations in circulating adipokines and microRNAs of mice fed a high-fat diet
Authors: Lee Hyo Bin , Lee Ah Young , Jang Yumi , Kwon Young Hye
Published: November 2022

In mice fed a high-fat diet, soy isoflavone consumption regulated the circulating miRNA profiles, which were significantly associated with adiposity and serum levels of adipokines, including leptin and adiponectin.
Surface acoustic wave microfluidics for repetitive and reversible temporary immobilization of C. elegans
Authors: Sridhar Nakul , Fajrial Apresio Kefin , Doser Rachel L. , Hoerndli Frederic J. , Ding Xiaoyun
Published: November 2022

The SAW immobilization device facilitates multiplexed, longitudinal analysis of fluorescently tagged glutamatergic receptors and swimming behavior in C. elegans, enabling future studies on how aging affects neural circuits that control locomotion.
Influence of silver ion release on the inactivation of antibiotic resistant bacteria using light-activated silver nanoparticles
Authors: Sorinolu Adeola Julian , Godakhindi Varsha , Siano Paolo , Vivero-Escoto Juan L. , Munir Mariya
Published: November 2022

Light-activated silver nanoparticles demonstrate improved antimicrobial performance against a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strain (MRSA) and a wild-type multidrug resistant (MDR) E. coli.
Tuning of hole carrier density in p-type α-SnWO4 by exploiting oxygen defects
Authors: Minohara Makoto , Dobashi Yuka , Kikuchi Naoto , Samizo Akane , Honda Takashi , He Xinyi , Katase Takayoshi , Kamiya Toshio , Nishio Keishi , Aiura Yoshihiro
Published: November 2022

We demonstrate that hole carrier density of α-SnWO4 can be tuned by controlling the annealing process. Hole carrier density increased by two orders of magnitude and achieved a value close to 1019 cm−3 at an optimum O2 gas concentration.
Capacitive–piezoresistive hybrid flexible pressure sensor based on conductive micropillar arrays with high sensitivity over a wide dynamic range
Authors: Shen Zhiran , Yang Chengduan , Yao Chuanjie , Liu Ziqi , Huang Xinshuo , Liu Zhengjie , Mo Jingshan , Xu Huihua , He Gen , Tao Jun , Xie Xi , Hang Tian , Chen Hui-Jiuan , Liu Fanmao
Published: November 2022

A capacitive–piezoresistive hybrid micropillar-array-based pressure sensor (MAPS) was developed, utilizing a facile but highly adjustable fabrication approach and a hybrid sensing strategy. Almost full range of physiological signals can be detected.
When does a macromolecule transition from a polymer chain to a nanoparticle?
Authors: Fischer Jacob , Han Lu , Saito Tomonori , Dadmun Mark
Published: November 2022

Pseudo phase diagram of internally crosslinked polymer nanoparticles.
Preparation and redistribution mechanism of dimethyldichlorosilane catalyzed by the AlCl3/ZSM-5(5T)@MIL-53(Al) core–shell catalyst
Authors: Xu Wenyuan , Shen Mengsha , Huang Hongkun , Liu Siqi , Xu Yu , Fan Junjie , Wang Yan , Liao Mengyin , Chen Xi
Published: November 2022

Core–shell catalyst modeling process for a and b.
Konjac glucomannan hydrogel dressing and its combination with Chinese medicine for the wound treatment
Authors: Yang Li , Zhao Quan , Guo Zhaoyuan , Liu Yilin , Gao Wenxia , Pu Yuji , He Bin
Published: November 2022

A biocompatible konjac glucomannan hydrogel dressing is developed and its combination with arnebia root oil displays improved wound healing in acute and chronic wound models.
Facile and single step produced Ba:Sn-codoped PEDOT:PSS thin film electrode with improved optics and electrochemical properties for transparent and flexible supercapacitor applications
Authors: Yağci Özlem , Arvas Melih Beşir , Yazar Sibel
Published: November 2022

Figure shows preparation and characterization steps of different ratio (0–3 mg ml−1) Ba:Sn-codoped PEDOT:PSS thin films.
Biomineralization-inspired sandwich dentin desensitization strategy based on multifunctional nanocomposite with yolk–shell structure
Authors: Yi Luyao , Wu Hongling , Xu Yue , Yu Jian , Zhao Yaning , Yang Hongye , Huang Cui
Published: November 2022

A novel biomineralization-inspired sandwich dentin desensitization strategy combining immediate and long-term occluding effects was mediated using a multifunctional yolk–shell nanocomposite.
Construction of bi(hetero)aryls via dicyanopyrazine-mediated photochemical cross-coupling
Authors: Burešová Zuzana , Jandová Veronika , Klikar Milan , Grygarová Monika , Bureš Filip
Published: November 2022

A photochemical cross-coupling protocol towards bi(hetero)aryls has been developed.
Effect of regio- and stereoisomerism on antifouling 2,5-diketopiperazines
Authors: Grant Thomas M. , Rennison David , Arabshahi Homayon J. , Brimble Margaret A. , Cahill Patrick , Svenson Johan
Published: November 2022

Our study describes how regio- and stereochemistry influences the antifouling activity of naturally inspired 2,5-diketopiperazines.
Fast switching of spontaneous polarization in a microporous molecular rotor ferroelectric
Authors: Miao Le-Ping , Ding Ning , Wang Na , Ye Heng-Yun , Shi Chao , Dong Shuai
Published: November 2022

A microporous structural molecular rotor ferroelectric with fast polarization switching (25 kHz) originates from the unique mechanism of fast static–rotating–static motional process showing potential application in non-volatile memory devices.
Dual nickel/photoredox catalyzed carboxylation of C(sp2)-halides with formate
Authors: Fu Ming-Chen , Wang Jia-Xin , Ge Wei , Du Fang-Ming , Fu Yao
Published: November 2022

A novel and practical strategy for the dehalocarboxylation of C(sp2)-halides with formate via visible-light photoredox nickel dual catalysis was disclosed.
Visible light metallaphotoredox catalysis in the late-stage functionalization of pharmaceutically potent compounds
Authors: Singh Praveen P. , Singh Pravin K. , Srivastava Vishal
Published: November 2022

The late stage functionalization (LSF) is a distinctive approach for accelerating the discovery of structure–activity relationships (SARs) and optimising ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion) profiles.
A flexible mesoporous Cu doped FeSn–G–SiO2composite based biosensor for microalbumin detection
Authors: Areerob Yonrapach , Chanthai Saksit , Oh Won-Chun
Published: November 2022

Microalbumin sensing mechanism with electrochemical performance system.
Catalytic properties of borophene/MoS2 heterojunctions for hydrogen evolution reaction under different stacking conditions
Authors: Yu Ende , Pan Yong
Published: November 2022

Borophene and MoS2 are promising two-dimensional functional materials because of their advantageous high specific surface areas.
Factors affecting real-world applications of HEPA purifiers in improving indoor air quality
Authors: Lowther Scott D. , Deng Wei , Fang Zheng , Booker Douglas , Whyatt J. Duncan , Wild Oliver , Wang Xinming , Jones Kevin C.
Published: November 2022

Increasing air change rate can reduce the performance of air purifiers by acting as a source of outdoor PM into the indoors. Use of multiple air purifiers in a residence reduces PM at a greater rate than use of a single more powerful air purifier.
Understanding and evaluating the mean photon energy and the external quantum efficiency of light‐emitting diodes
Authors: Choi Ilgyu , Min Sangjin , Shim Jong‐In , Shin Dong‐Soo
Published: November 2022

The mean photon energy of a light‐emitting diode (LED) as recently defined in the IEC standard is theoretically examined. It is pointed out that defining the mean photon energy as an arithmetic mean of photon energies in the emission spectrum is crucial in decomposing the power efficiency of an LED into the voltage efficiency and the external quantum efficiency (EQE). The mean photon energy thus defined and the photon energy calculated from the more convenient peak wavelength in the spectrum are then evaluated and compared for blue and red LED samples. The EQEs of the blue and red LEDs are subsequently obtained, demonstrating that the EQE values from the peak photon energy have small errors within 0.5%p of the true EQE values. The current work presents useful criteria in substituting the EQE value calculated from the peak wavelength for the true EQE value using the mean photon energy for both the blue and red LEDs.
A long life of excess: The interacting transient SN 2017hcc
Authors: Moran S. , Fraser M. , Kotak R. , Pastorello A. , Benetti S. , Brennan S. J. , Gutiérrez C. P. , Kankare E. , Kuncarayakti H. , Mattila S. , Reynolds T. M. , Anderson J. P. , Brown P. J. , Campana S. , Chambers K. C. , Chen T.-W. , Della Valle M. , Dennefeld M. , Elias-Rosa N. , Galbany L. , Galindo-Guil F. J. , Gromadzki M. , Hiramatsu D. , Inserra C. , Leloudas G. , Müller-Bravo T. E. , Nicholl M. , Reguitti A. , Shahbandeh M. , Smartt S. J. , Tartaglia L. , Young D. R.
Published: November 2022

In this study we present the results of a five-year follow-up campaign of the long-lived type IIn supernova SN 2017hcc, found in a spiral dwarf host of near-solar metallicity. The long rise time (57 ± 2 days, ATLAS o band) and high luminosity (peaking at −20.78 ± 0.01 mag in the ATLAS o band) point towards an interaction of massive ejecta with massive and dense circumstellar material (CSM). The evolution of SN 2017hcc is slow, both spectroscopically and photometrically, reminiscent of the long-lived type IIn, SN 2010jl. An infrared (IR) excess was apparent soon after the peak, and blueshifts were noticeable in the Balmer lines starting from a few hundred days, but appeared to be fading by around +1200 d. We posit that an IR light echo from pre-existing dust dominates at early times, with some possible condensation of new dust grains occurring at epochs ≳+800 d.
Short-period pulsating hot-subdwarf stars observed by TESS
Authors: Baran A. S. , Van Grootel V. , Østensen R. H. , Worters H. L. , Sahoo S. K. , Sanjayan S. , Charpinet S. , Nemeth P. , Telting J. H. , Kilkenny D.
Published: November 2022

We present results of a Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) search for short-period pulsations in compact stellar objects observed in years 1 and 3 of the TESS mission, during which the southern ecliptic hemisphere was targeted. We describe the TESS data used and the details of the search method. For many of the targets, we use unpublished spectroscopic observations to classify the objects. From the TESS photometry, we clearly identify 43 short-period hot-subdwarf pulsators, including 32 sdB stars, eight sdOB stars, two sdO stars, and, significantly, one He-sdOB star, which is the first of this kind to show short-period pulsations. Eight stars show signals at both low and high frequencies, and are therefore “hybrid” pulsators. We report the list of prewhitened frequencies and we show the amplitude spectra calculated from the TESS data. We make an attempt to identify possible multiplets caused by stellar rotation, and we select four candidates with rotation periods between 1 and 12.9 days. The most interesting targets discovered in this survey should be observed throughout the remainder of the TESS mission and from the ground. Asteroseismic investigations of these data sets will be invaluable in revealing the interior structure of these stars and will boost our understanding of their evolutionary history. We find three additional new variable stars but their spectral and variability types remain to be constrained.
Sucht und Persönlichkeitsstörungen
Authors: Moesgen Diana
Published: November 2022

Liebe Leserinnen und Leser,

sind Sie neulich beim Zappen auch darüber gestolpert? Eine aus der deutschen
Boulevardpresse bekannte Dame stellte in einem TV-Magazin erleichtert fest, dass sie
nicht „das Sucht-Gen“ besäße und deswegen nie eine
Suchterkrankung entwickelt habe. Noch immer gehen einige Menschen davon aus, dass es
eine Art von einheitlicher, prämorbider
„Suchtpersönlichkeit“ gäbe, die unweigerlich dazu
führe, dass eine Person früher oder später irgendeine Art
von Sucht entwickeln würde. Glücklicherweise konnte diese These
widerlegt werden - niemand ist diesem Schicksal hilflos ausgeliefert. Nicht
falsifiziert werden kann allerdings der so häufig nachgewiesene Zusammenhang
zwischen Substanzgebrauchsstörungen und
Persönlichkeitsstörungen, welche als eine Art
Extrem-Ausprägung der „normalen“
Persönlichkeitsvariationen verstanden werden können.
Medizintechnikbranche: Die Gewinne brechen ein
Authors: Rößing Sabine
Published: November 2022

Inflation, knappe Ressourcen, Probleme in den Lieferketten und mit der Implementierung der EU-Medizinprodukteverordnung (MDR) überschatten den Ausblick der Medizintechnik-Industrie auf das kommende Jahr. Die Hersteller fordern vor allem eine Entschärfung der novellierten Zulassungsbestimmungen.
Intraoperative Verfahren: Präzise Bilder während der OP
Authors: König Romy
Published: November 2022

Ob MRT oder CT – bildgebende Verfahren erobern die OP-Säle. Intraoperativ eingesetzt können sie dem Chirurgenteam helfen, Tumore genauer zu erkennen. Den Patienten kann dadurch unter Umständen eine zweite Operation erspart werden.
Clinical Grade Wearables: Die smarten Textilien
Authors: Kucera Martin
Published: November 2022

Bei der Kontrolle bestimmter Vitalfunktionen ist eine möglichst engmaschige Überwachung unerlässlich. Daher entwickeln verschiedene Forschergruppen derzeit Kleidungsstücke, die in der Lage sind, Lungengeräusche oder Herzrhythmusstörungen zu erfassen. Die Ergebnisse sind vielversprechend.
OP-Technik: Navigation für den Gelenkersatz
Authors: Hollmig Luisa-Maria
Published: November 2022

In der Potsdamer Oberlinklinik kommt seit kurzem Augmented Reality zum Einsatz. Dank der Technologie sind orthopädische Eingriffe, etwa für den Kniegelenkersatz, noch genauer und weniger invasiv.
Clemens Jüttner: Sanas Mann für eine nachhaltige Strategie
Authors: Kohrs Jens
Published: November 2022

Welchen Wert hat Nachhaltigkeit? Für Dr. Clemens Jüttner ist das gerade die entscheidende Frage. Der neue Chief Sustainability Officer (CSO) der Sana Kliniken feilt an einer Nachhaltigkeitsstrategie für den Konzern. Ende des Jahres soll ein Entwurf dafür vorliegen. Der Zeitplan ist sportlich.
On the definition of noise
Authors: Liu Fangfang , Jiang Shan , Kang Jian , Wu Yue , Yang Da , Meng Qi , Wang Chaowei
Published: November 2022

Urbanization has exposed people to extreme sound levels. Although researchers have investigated the ability of people to listen, analyze, and distinguish sound, the concept of noise has not been clearly articulated from a human perspective. The lack of knowledge on how people perceive noise limits our capacity to control it in a targeted manner. This study aimed to interpret the definition of noise from the public perspective based on a grounded theory approach. Seventy-eight participants were interviewed about noise, and four categories of perceived understanding of noise were identified: challenges, definitions of noise, opportunities, and action. As one of the challenges, urbanization is associated with increased noise levels around the human environment. In terms of definition, perceiving sound as noise is considered to be a result of the complex and dynamic process that includes sound, the environment, and humans. Sound and humans interact with the environment. In terms of opportunities, noise may have positive roles on certain occasions, dispelling the misconception that noise is exclusively negative. In addition, we found that noise perception has gradually shifted from noise control to noise utilization. In terms of action, noise can be controlled at the sound sources, susceptible target groups, susceptible behaviors and states, locations, and times where noise is perceived with high frequency. In this study, we investigated several aspects of noise, ranging from noise control, soundscape definition, and ‘soundscape indices’ (SSID) integration and application. Our findings provide an additional basis for developing better definitions, control, and utilization strategies of noise in the future, thereby improving the quality of the sound environment.
Fluorescence microscopy provides contactless method for studying liquid/liquid interfaces
Authors: Liebendorfer Adam
Published: November 2022

Approach allows for measurements of lower interfacial viscosities than have previously been reported in double-wall ring geometry.
Accommodating neuromorphic computing in the modern age
Authors: Ikenson Ben
Published: November 2022

A survey of oxide-based three-terminal artificial synapses for physical neural network applications
Experimental study of plasma gun-assisted field-reversed configuration formation
Authors: Hu Chaoqi , Liao Hui , Li Yilin , Sun Xuan
Published: November 2022

The field-reversed configuration (FRC) is a compact toroidal plasma system related to the research of alternative fusion reactors. Improving the FRC formation, which is critical to the improvement of its overall quality, is reported in this paper by using a plasma gun to assist the pre-ionization process. For the single-translated FRC, the poloidal magnetic flux increases around 30%, accompanied by an increase in the separatrix radius and plasma density, while its translation speed is found to decrease slightly. The estimated increase in particle inventory is more than 60%. The improvement of these parameters also extends the lifetime of the FRC.