bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Familial Mediterranean Fever Disease on The Cornea
Authors: ELBEYLİ Ahmet
Published: December 2021

Objective: To investigate corneal structural in patients with Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF).

Methods: This case-control study included 64 patients with FMF and, 49 age and gender similar healthy subjects without any eye disease. Endothelial cell density (ECD), the coefficient of variation in cell size (CV) and percentage of hexagonality were measured by non-contact specular microscopy, central corneal thickness (CCT) was measured by ultrasonic pachymetry.

Results: The mean CCT value was 516.89± 32.23 μm in the study group and 545.12±24.56 μm in the control group. The mean ECD, CV, and percentage of hexagonality values were 3402.51±383.84 cells/mm², 26.72±4.55%, and 68.60±8.63%in the study group, respectively and 3339.46±322.60 cells/mm², 27.59± 5.23%, and 67.34± 9.38% in the control group, respectively. Of these parameters, the CCT values were statistically significantly different between the study and control groups (p = 0.011).

Conclusion: Compared to healthy individuals, patients with FMF may have significant morphological changes in the structure of the cornea.
The Triumph of the Second Leaders: Ahmad Khatib and Rashīd Riḍā in Islamic Reform in Indonesia
Authors: Burhanudin Jajat
Published: December 2021

The advent of Islamic reform in Indonesia at the turn of the 20th century is to be attributed to two scholars or called the second Muslim leaders. They were Ahmad Khatib in Mecca and Rashīd Riḍā in Cairo. Ahmad Khatib was an intellectual leader of mainly Malay-Indonesian section of Jawa (Southeast Asians Muslims) in Mecca when the Islamic reform began to be voiced by Cairo ‘ulama, Muḥammad ‘Abduh and Rashīd Riḍā. One crucial point to discuss in this article is that the two scholars shared similar religious thoughts, which hold a determining role in the development of Islamic reform, much more than the role of Muḥammad ‘Abduh, the first leader of the movement. As can be gleaned from Ahmad Khatib’s works and his intellectual orientation, as well as from the fatwas of Rashīd Riḍā in al-Manār, both scholars emphasized the primacy of pristine Islam (salāf), different from the thought of ‘Abduh. In fact, it was in the hands of Ahmad Khatib’s students that the Islamic reform reached wider audiences in Indonesia and Southeast Asia. At the same time, the early 20th century also witnessed the mounting request for fatwas to Rashīd Riḍā in al-Manār, which greatly contributed to the transmission of reform ideas from Cairo to the region.
Implementation of The Mui’s Fatwa No.14/2020 Concerning Worship During Pandemic: Study on Muslim Society in Ternate
Authors: Basya Muhammad Hilali
Published: December 2021

This article describes how Muslims deal with fatwa through examining the extent to which Muslims in Ternate (North Maluku) respond to MUI’ fatwa concerning the application of ibadah (worship) during the Covid-19 (Coronavirus) pandemic. In order to control and prevent the infection of the virus widely, people are required to stay at home and to keep their distance from crowds, including attending congregational worship (shalat jamaah) in mosques as issued in the MUI’s fatwa. The fieldwork was conducted in Ternate between March-May 2021, using qualitative research methods through participatory observation and interview. This article shows that the obedience of Muslim society in Ternate to the MUI’s fatwa is not only determined by aspects of the religious authority of the MUI, but also by local government, local religious leaders, and pragmatic considerations of the society as well as their perception about the dangerous impact of the Covid-19.
Diabetes mellitus patients’ fasting blood sugar levels and quality of life following brief pharmacist counseling with reminders and motivational messages
Authors: Sari Okta Muthia , Saputri Ginanjar Zukhruf , . Akrom
Published: December 2021

Background:  For chronic disease patients, pharmacist counselling with motivating reminder messages has been developed throughout time to promote the success of patient treatment. Diabetes mellitus is a long-term condition. Blood sugar control and an improved quality of life are therapeutic goals in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. The objective of this study was to determine whether changes in fasting blood sugar and quality of life occurred in individuals with diabetes mellitus who received pharmacist counselling coupled by motivating reminder messages.Methods: This quasi-experimental study used a pre-test-post-test design with control and intervention groups. Data on patients with type 2 diabetes were obtained prospectively at Jetis 1 primary health care in Bantul, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Seventy-two respondents who met the inclusion criteria were separated into two groups: the control group (36 participants) and the intervention group (36 participants). The patients’ quality of life was assessed using the 36-item Short Form (SF-36) questionnaire.Results: Following pharmacist counselling coupled by motivating reminder messages, patients’ mean fasting blood sugar reduced significantly (∆ 34.85±63.36), while their mean quality of life score increased considerably (∆ 13.73±9.22).Conclusions: Pharmacist counselling combined with motivating reminder messages can help patients with type 2 diabetes lower their fasting blood sugar and enhance their quality of life. The provision of pharmacist counselling followed by brief reminders and motivational messages may be considered to improve type 2 diabetes patient management.
Effect of amitriptyline and pregabalin on heart rate variability and electrolytes in neurotrophic pain in diabetic patients
Authors: Srivastava Rohan , Kantharia N. D.
Published: December 2021

Background: The data regarding effects of amitriptyline and pregabalin on heart rate variability in patients with neuropathic pain in diabetic patients are poorly understood in India. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of amitriptyline and pregabalin on heart rate variability in diabetic patients with neuropathic pain and their effect on serum electrolyte (sodium and potassium).Methods: The patients include 60 diabetic patients of either sex aged 18-65 years diagnosed with neuropathic pain and divided into two groups. The study was prospective open label and observational study. Group 1 was treated with amitriptyline 10 mg once a day while group 2 with pregabalin 75 mg once a day and HRV, serum sodium and serum potassium levels and pain score were recorded; and data of post-treatment at 2 and 4 weeks were compared with pretreatment values (control). All the statistical analysis was performed by using SPSS 20.0 software.Results: Both the drugs have increased HRV and reduced neuropathic pain intensity after 2 and 4 weeks treatment. The sodium and potassium level were not altered by these drugs. No correlation was observed between HRV and neuropathic pain.Conclusions: In conclusion, both the amitriptyline and pregabalin have significantly increased HRV and reduced the neuropathic pain intensity; but no correlation was observed between increased HRV and reduced neuropathic pain intensity.
Management of COVID-19 patients, with emphasis on limited resource setting: is less optimum?
Authors: Samant Prafulla , Ghodge Siddhi , Sankhe Ajay , Ali Heena , Gawali Vijaykumar , Bhadre Manoj Kisanrao , Mhatre Swati Suyog , Bhagat Pradnya Anil , Pawar Santosh Sudhakar , Madhavi Rajendra , Patil Sushil Shashikant
Published: December 2021

Background: There is scarcity of essential medications, medical talent and health care facilities to treat covid-19, at remote places. This study explores various modalities in resource-limited settings for the management of COVID-19 patients.Methods: We retrospectively analysed data of 266 consecutive discharged and death Covid-19 patients from 26December 2020 to 29May 2021. All patients were admitted and received appropriate supportive care, regular clinical and laboratory monitoring.Results: Of total 266 patients the mean age of patients was 49.19 (SD 14.1) years and 185 (69.54%) of them were males. 99 (37%) cases were moderate, 83(31%)were severe cases remaining 84 (32%) were mild cases. 16 (6.01%) patients expired and remaining 250 patients were subsequently discharged. Median duration of stay in the hospital was 9 (37) days. Of total 266 admitted patients’ mortality rate was only 6.01%.Conclusions: We emphasize that even in healthcare facilities with limited resource, poor infrastructure and lack of ICU facilities, clinical observation-based managementt can help to reduce mortality considerably. Unique features of our study include; use of progesterone as an immunomodulator, use of dual antiviral agents, use of age-related lower limit of oxygen saturation.
Intestinal ischemia in the COVID-19 era: case series from peripheral healthcare centre
Authors: Dubey Neha , Sharma Dhawal , Sharma Anil
Published: December 2021

Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) has caused global health crisis. Initially considered a respiratory tract pathogen, it can cause multiple organ dysfunction. It has also been described to predispose to venous and arterial thromboembolism; however, limited published data is available regarding mesenteric thrombosis COVID-19. We report 6 cases of COVID-19 positive patients with mesenteric/intestinal ischemia. These patients were examined with variables including demographics, laboratory blood tests including coagulation panels, medical and surgical history, comorbidities, and postoperative follow-up period.
Application of otoacoustic emissions and brainstem evoked response audiometry in newborn hearing screening
Authors: S. Gangadhara K. , Bhat Amrutha V. , S. Sridhara
Published: December 2021

Background: Newborn hearing screening was conducted in a tertiary care hospital in a step by step manner using otoacoustic emissions (OAE) and brainstem evoked response audiometry (BERA) and details were recorded.

Methods: A prospective institutional based study was conducted. All the newborns born in the hospital over a period of 18 months from December 2018 to May 2020 were considered in the study. Healthy newborns were screened bedside within 24 hours of delivery and NICU (Neonatal Intensive Care Unit) babies were screened in the NICU. Handheld OAE apparatus was used as the initial screening tool. A total of 3 OAEs were done for babies with a “refer” result in the OAEs, which were done 1 month apart. Babies with a “refer” in the third OAE were subjected for BERA.

Results: A total of 14226 babies were screened at 24-48 hours of birth. Among them, 13,069 babies passed the first OAE screening in both ears. Remaining babies were referred for further follow-up. After subsequent follow-ups and successive testing, 11 babies were found to have hearing loss, which was diagnosed within 4-5 months of the child’s birth.

Conclusions: Universal newborn hearing screening is the need of the day. OAE is an effective screening tool for newborn hearing loss. When complemented by BERA, majority of congenitally deaf babies can be diagnosed at a very early age. This helps in early intervention.
Central nervous system manifestations of mucormycosis
Authors: Shah Ishita A. , Modi Niral R.
Published: December 2021

Background: There has been an unprecedented increase in the number of mucormycosis cases post the second wave of COVID-19 in India, with a variety of clinical manifestations. The central nervous system manifestations have proven to be especially fatal, hence these require special attention. Aims and objectives of current investigation was to study the epidemiology, clinical features, risk factors, diagnostic modalities, management and complications of CNS manifestations of mucormycosis.

Methods: This is a retrospective study, conducted on the mucormycosis patients admitted in G.G. hospital Jamnagar. Patients with clinically and radiologically evident central nervous system involvement were included in the study. The records of the patients were followed for 3 months post the diagnosis. 47 patients were included in the study.

Results: The mean age of the patients was 51 years. 72.34% of patients were males, and 27.65%, were females. The most common clinical feature was headache 100% followed by fever 55%. Most of the patients (97.87%) had history of COVID 19 or had active infection. 63.96% had diabetes Mellitus. The most common radiological finding was cavernous sinus thrombosis (32.60%), 72.34% underwent surgical debridement, and all the patients were administered Amphotericin B. The outcome improved significantly with surgical debridement, with recovery seen in 51.06% patients.

Conclusions: There has been a steep rise in the cases of mucormycosis following the COVID-19 pandemic. It is an extremely virulent infection which spreads rapidly, often causing the involvement of the central nervous system. However, early diagnosis and intervention have been found to alter the prognosis significantly.
Comparative study of fine needle aspiration cytology and histopathology of thyroid swellings in tertiary health centre
Authors: S. Gangadhara K. , Vadva Chaitanya , S. Sridhara
Published: December 2021

Background: Thyroid swelling being the most common presentation in ENT clinical practice, a prospective study was done to assess the role of Fine needle aspiration cytology in diagnosing the nature of thyroid swellings and comparing its results with histopathological examination findings.

Methods: This is a prospective institutional based study comparing cytology and corresponding histopathology findings reported in 60 cases of thyroid swelling. The statistical analysis included sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy in thyroid swelling.

Results: Out of 60 cases, FNAC showed 93.3% and 6.6% of benign and malignant cases respectively whereas HPE showed 86.7% and 13.3% of benign and malignant cases respectively. On FNAC-HPE correlation using HPE as standard reference the diagnostic accuracy of present study is 91.66%.

Conclusions: It was observed that FNAC is a reliable tool, safe and accurate method in evaluating thyroid swelling thus having great influences in treatment decision. Thus FNAC is the investigation of choice in thyroid swellings with excellent patient compliance, simple, safe and cost effective.
A study to evaluate bone and cartilage ossiculoplasty in patients of ossicular disruption due to chronic suppurative otitis media
Authors: Mehra Hema , Mahich Sushma , Mathur Navneet , Singh Mahima
Published: December 2021

Background: Ossiculoplasty for ossicualar disruption in patients of chronic otitis media (COM) can be done by using either bone or cartilage. The present study was planned to compare bone and cartilage ossiculoplasty in patients of ossicular disruption due to COM.

Methods: The prospective observational study was carried out in patients, who were admitted in the department of otorhinolaryngology of a tertiary care teaching hospital of Rajasthan during two years from November 2017 to November 2019. All patients with ossicular disruption due to COM and conductive hearing loss more than 40db were included in the study. Patients with sensorineural hearing loss were excluded from the study. Pure tone audiometry (PTA) was done before surgery. Hearing improvement was assessed 3, 6 and 12 months after surgery.  

Results: In the present study 20 patients underwent bone ossiculoplasty using autologous incus and autologous cartilage was used in 80 patients for ossiculoplasty. Post-operative hearing gain was significantly more in autologous incus patients (22.7±4.2 db) compared to autologous cartilage (19.5±3.4 db) (p=0.002).

Conclusions: The present study concluded that post-operative hearing gain was significantly better with autologous incus compared to autologous cartilage although both showed good results in terms of hearing gain. 
Dermatoses due to Personal Protective Equipment and other protective/preventive measures in COVID-19 pandemic- A study on frontline Health care workers
Authors: Solanki Avanita D. , Patel Neela M. , Saxena Sonali , Banker Kartavya , Shah Tithi
Published: December 2021

Background: The use of personal protective equipment (PPE) around the world in view of COVID-19 pandemic has led to high incidence of occupational dermatoses amongst healthcare workers (HCWs). Amongst all staff members visiting dermatology services, irritant dermatitis (body, hand) and acne form eruption remained the most common concerns. Apart from improving staff morale and quality of life, prevention and management of these conditions will also minimize the risk of breaching stringent PPE protocol. Preventive strategies including frequent breaks from PPE and less than 6 hours of continuous PPE usage can make the working environment more conducive for HCWs.

Methods: A quantitative descriptive research-based study is utilized, in which participants who fulfilled the required criteria were selected and were asked to fill the questionnaire. Results were analysed.

Results: Redness and itching are the commonest complaints encountered followed by skin rash and acne. Facial occupational dermatoses due to PPE revealed that allergic and irritant contact dermatitis are most common, followed by acne form eruptions and contact urticaria.

Conclusions: With adequate hydration, workplace modifications, taking regular breaks from wearing PPE gear may help in alleviation of dermatoses and motivate HCWs in their fight against pandemic.

 
Expert opinion on current and emerging treatment options in androgenetic alopecia and telogen effluvium: an Indian perspective
Authors: Lalwala Bharat , Das Siddhartha , Murthy Srinivasa , Saraswat Abir , Dhanalakshmi U. R. , Girdhar Mukesh , Dhawan Sachin , Jhamnani Kamal , Kanchankoti Deepa , Pande Sushil
Published: December 2021

The diagnosis and management of hair loss needs an organized and systematic approach for recognizing pattern of hair loss and identification of hair loss etiology. Early and specific diagnosis is essential to initiate appropriate treatment in the early phases of hair loss. Topical minoxidil and oral finasteride are the only approved drugs for androgenetic alopecia (AGA). Various other treatment options are widely used but have limited clinical evidence. Similarly, there are no specific treatments recommended for telogen effluvium (TE). However, the treatment may become challenging with increasing availability of new formulations and drugs with no substantial evidence to support them. Multiple focused group discussions were conducted among Indian dermatologists to gain expert opinion on appropriate management of AGA and TE in the current scenario. This article summarizes the consensus clinical viewpoints for topical and oral medications, role of nutritional supplements, and other adjunctive therapies in managing AGA and TE. The panel highlighted that the choice of treatment for AGA and TE depends on the individual hair loss pattern and response to medications. A brief discussion on the use of shampoos and procedures has also been highlighted.  
Expert consensus on the use of sunscreen agents: Indian perspective
Authors: Ghalla Mansukh , Dixit Rasya , Murthy K. Srinivasa , Katta Tina Priscilla
Published: December 2021

Sunscreens have been widely known to play an integral part in photoprotection. Both physical and chemical sunscreens have been extensively used for prevention and management of several conditions induced by ultraviolet rays such as sunburn, photoaging, skin cancer, and phototoxic reactions. Currently, sunscreens are available in different formulations like creams, lotions, gels, sticks, and sprays. Forty experts in the field of clinical dermatology participated in the expert group meetings organized via teleconference webinar to discuss definitions, diagnoses, and management. Current evidence on the use of sunscreen agents along with clinical experience of experts was discussed. The application of an adequate amount of sunscreen with an appropriate sun protection factor is imperative, and must be in accordance to skin type and exposure pattern of an individual. As part of a complete sun protection regimen, the judicious use of sunscreens must be combined with avoidance of midday sun exposure and protective clothing. There is an undeniable need to improve public education and awareness regarding use of sunscreens. This review article provides a consensus clinical viewpoint of expert dermatologists on effective use of sunscreens to assist in clinical decision-making for healthcare professionals.
Subcutanaeous emphysema: An extremely rare manifestation of supraglottic squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Chande Abhishek Subhash , Bawankule Shilpa , Yelne Pallavi , Verma Vinay , Patel Sujal
Published: December 2021

We present the case report of a 60 years old man who presented to the emergency department with complaints of breathlessness for 2 weeks. After all common causes were ruled out, the patient was subjected to CT scan of neck in which he showed laryngeal mass growth which was perforating through the cartilage. There were a few surrounding lymph nodes and after an FNAC, it was found to be squamous cell carcinoma. The patient was referred for chemotherapy and radiotherapy at higher centre. To our knowledge, this is a very rare presentation of local extension of tumour. The patient presenting with carcinoma at a very late stage, succumbed to it 2 months later.
Twenty-four hours intraocular pressure in keratoconic eyes assessed by applanation tonometry and Tono-Pen AVIA
Authors:   Nassim Calixto Glaucoma Service of São Geraldo Eye Hospital, Clinic Hospital, Federal University of Minas Gerais- Belo Horizonte, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, State of Minas Gerais, Brazil, Merola Rafael Vidal , Veloso Artur William ,   Nassim Calixto Glaucoma Service of São Geraldo Eye Hospital, Clinic Hospital, Federal University of Minas Gerais- Belo Horizonte, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, State of Minas Gerais, Brazil, Diniz-Filho Alberto ,   Nassim Calixto Glaucoma Service of São Geraldo Eye Hospital, Clinic Hospital, Federal University of Minas Gerais- Belo Horizonte, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, State of Minas Gerais, Brazil
Published: December 2021

AIM: To assess intraocular pressure (IOP) during the daily curve of intraocular pressure (DCPo) in keratoconic eyes and compare Goldmann applanation tonometer (GAT), without and with astigmatism correction (nGAT and cGAT) and Tono-Pen AVIA (TPA) assessment methods.
METHODS: Thirty-nine keratoconic eyes of 24 patients were assessed. DCPo was evaluated with five IOP measurements; four were performed with a GAT (nGAT and cGAT), and a Tono-Pen AVIA (TPA) at various times throughout the day.
RESULTS: Mean IOP DCPo values (mm Hg) were: nGAT, 9.9±2.6; cGAT, 11.3±2.6; TPA 12.3±3.1. Mean IOP DCPo differences (mm Hg) and Spearman's correlation coefficients were as follows: cGATc-nGAT, 1.32±1.31, rs=0.879 (P<0.01); cGAT-TPA, -1.02±2.08, rs=0.723 (P<0.01); and nGAT-TPA, -2.35±2.23, rs=0.730 (P<0.01). Bland-Altman analysis for agreement between cGAT-TPA and nGAT-TPA mean IOP DCPo measurements revealed a mean difference of 1.02 (95%CI, 0.35-1.70) and 2.35 (95%CI, 1.62-3.07) mm Hg, respectively. Regression analysis yielded the following equation: TPA IOP=5.49+0.775×cGAT-0.015×ACD-0.299×corneal astig matism, which allowed us to infer TPA IOP values from other parameters.
CONCLUSION: In keratoconic eyes, IOP peaks of DCPo measurements are identified at 6 a.m., independent of the tonometer. The mean DCPo values are: TPA>cGAT>nGAT. IOP TPA measures are predictive of cGAT values, adjusted according to anterior chamber depth and corneal astigmatism.
Observation seasonal variation of intraocular pressure in young healthy volunteers
Authors:   The Eye Hospital, School of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang Province, China, Liao Na , Mao Guang-Yun ,   The Eye Hospital, School of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang Province, China, Bao Fan-Jun ,   The Eye Hospital, School of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang Province, China, Lin Zhong ,   The Eye Hospital, School of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang Province, China, Jiang Hui-Lyu ,   The Eye Hospital, School of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang Province, China, Liang Yuan-Bo ,   The Eye Hospital, School of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang Province, China; Glaucoma Institute, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang Province, China
Published: December 2021

AIM: To investigate fluctuation of intraocular pressure (IOP) and seasonal variation of 24-hour IOP during one year in healthy participants
METHODS: Totally 13 young healthy volunteers participated in this study. IOP was measured with Canon TX-20 at about 8:00-9:00 a.m. from Monday to Friday every week for a whole year. They also underwent 24-hour IOP examination every three months. Blood pressure, heart rate, temperature, humidity, atmosphere pressure, sunshine duration and other environment parameters were recorded.
RESULTS: The yearly fluctuation curve showed IOP in the summer months were lower than other seasons. In the multivariable generalized estimating equation analysis, IOP had a negative correlation with both temperature and sunshine duration (P<0.05). There also was a seasonal effect on 24-hour IOP. However, all intraclass correlation coefficients values of minimum, maximum and average of the 24-hour IOP and each individual IOP were less than 0.30.
CONCLUSION: IOP is trend to be higher in cold days than warm days. IOP have negative association with both environmental temperature and duration of sunshine. On a season-to-season basis, 24-hour IOP is not highly reproducible in healthy volunteers.
Impact of systemic steroids combined with immunosuppressive treatment on glaucomatous features in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors:   First Department of Ophthalmology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin 70-111, Poland; Institute of Physics, University of Szczecin, Szczecin 70-451, Poland, Wiacek Marta P. , Brzosko Marek ,   Department of Rheumatology, Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin 71-252, Poland, Lubiński Wojciech ,   Second Department of Ophthalmology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin 70-111, Poland, Modrzejewska Monika ,   Second Department of Ophthalmology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin 70-111, Poland
Published: December 2021

AIM: To evaluate the incidence of increased intraocular pressure (IOP) and glaucomatous changes in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients in comparison with systemic steroids and immunosuppressive treatment.
METHODS: Sixty-two women with SLE were divided into two groups: treated (n=47, 94 eyes) and not treated (n=15, 30 eyes) with systemic glucocorticosteroids (GC; GC-free). Twenty-one individuals in GC group were treated with immunosuppressive agents (immunomodulating and biologic). The visual acuity and IOP with ocular pulsatile amplitude (OPA) measurements, as well as scanning laser polarimetry (GDx) with nerve fiber index (NFI) measurement, spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) of the optic disk with retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) analysis and the macular region with ganglion cell analysis (GCA) were performed. 
RESULTS: Mean IOP values in group with combined GC and immunosuppressive therapy was 15.8±2.56 mm Hg and was significantly lower than in individuals with exclusive GC treatment (17.63±4.38 mm Hg, P=0.043). Contrary, no differences in mean IOP values between GC-free group and individuals treated with combined GC and immunosuppressive therapy were detected (P=0.563). Similarly, mean IOP in GC was 17.14±3.94 mm Hg and in GC-free patients was equal to 16.67±3.45 mm Hg (P=0.671). According to treatment regimen no statistical differences in optic disk SD-OCT for RNFL thickness, RNFL symmetry, cupping volume and the C/D ratio were observed. Similarly, no statistical differences for the mean and minimal ganglion cell layer (GCL) thickness measured in macular SD-OCT or NFI in GDx were detected.
CONCLUSION: Combined immunosuppressive and systemic GC therapy in SLE patients may lower the risk of iatrogenic ocular hypertension. No relationship between treatment regimen and glaucomatous damage of optic nerve fibers in analyzed groups with SLE is detected.
Efficacy of long-term orthokeratology treatment in children with anisometropic myopia
Authors:   Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; College of Optometry, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing100191, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Restoration of Damaged Ocular Nerve, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China, Zhang Kai-Yun , Yang Jia-Rui ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Restoration of Damaged Ocular Nerve, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China, Qiu Wei-Qiang ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Restoration of Damaged Ocular Nerve, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
Published: December 2021

AIM: To explore the efficacy of the orthokeratology lens for anisometropic myopia progression.
METHODS: A retrospective study was performed. Cycloplegic refraction and axial length (AL) were collected from 50 children (10.52±1.72y) who visited Peking University Third Hospital from July 2015 to August 2020. These children's one eyes (Group A) received monocular orthokeratology lenses at first, after different durations (12.20±6.94mo), their contralateral eyes (Group B) developed myopia and receive orthokeratology as well. The data in 1-year of binocular period were recorded. AL growth rate (difference of follow-up and baseline per month) were compared between two groups by paired t test. Interocular differences of AL were compared by Wilcoxon test.
RESULTS: During monocular period, the AL growth rate of the Group A (0.008±0.022 mm/mo) was significantly slower than that of the Group B (0.038±0.018 mm/mo; P<0.0001). However, during binocular period, the AL growth rate of the Group A (0.026±0.014 mm/mo) was significantly faster than that of the Group B (0.016±0.015 mm/mo; P<0.0001). The AL difference between both eyes was 0.6 (0.46) mm, then significantly decreased to 0.22 (0.39) mm when started binocular treatment (P<0.0001). However, it was significantly increased to 0.30 (0.32) mm after a year (P<0.0001), but still significantly lower than baseline (P<0.0001).
CONCLUSION: The orthokeratology lens is efficient for control the AL elongation of monocular myopia eyes and reduce anisometropia. For the condition that the contralateral eyes develop myopia and receive orthokeratology lens later, there is no efficiency observed on control interocular difference of AL during binocular treatment.
Detection of Black Hole Attack Using Honeypot Agent-Based Scheme with Deep Learning Technique on MANET
Authors: Srinivasan Venkatasubramanian
Published: December 2021

Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks (MANETs) due to their reconfigurable nature are being integrated into new and futuristic knowledge such as Internet of Things (IoT), cloud, reconfigurable networks, etc. To attain such credibility of integration, the routing protocols associated with these mobile nodes have to connect, perform and facilitate routing that offers a high level of security and resistance to all possible threats and security issues that may emanate in the network. One of the solutions used to maintain network security is intrusion detection systems (IDSs). This article primarily emphasis on the network's susceptibility to a suction assault known as a black hole attack. The investigations about the employment of intelligent agents called Honeypot Agent-based detection scheme (HPAS) with Long-Short Term Memory (LSTM) in identifying such assaults. Hence, the proposed method is named HPAS-LSTM, where honeypots are roaming virtual software managers that create Route Request (RREQ) packets to attract and entrap black hole attackers. Extensive model results utilizing the ns-2 simulator are used to demonstrate the presence of the suggested detection technique. The simulation outcomes demonstrate that the suggested technique outperforms current black hole detection methods in terms of throughput (TH), packet loss rate (PLR), packet delivery ratio (PDR), and total network delay (TND).
A Modified Jellyfish Search Optimizer with Opposition Based Learning and Biased Passive Swarm Motion
Authors: Rajpurohit Jitendra
Published: December 2021

Jellyfish Search Optimizer (JSO) is one of the latest nature inspired optimization algorithms. This paper aims to improve the convergence speed of the algorithm. For the purpose, it identifies two modifications to form a proposed variant. First, it proposes improvement of initial population using Opposition based Learning (OBL). Then it introduces a probability-based replacement of passive swarm motion into moves biased towards the global best. OBL enables the algorithm to start with an improved set of population. Biased moves towards global best improve the exploitation capability of the algorithm. The proposed variant has been tested over 30 benchmark functions and the real world problem of 10-bar truss structure design optimization. The proposed variant has also been compared with other algorithms from the literature for the 10-bar truss structure design. The results show that the proposed variant provides fast convergence for benchmark functions and accuracy better than many algorithms for truss structure design.
Towards the Construction of Reed-Muller Code Based Symmetric Key FHE
Authors: Challa Ratnakumari , Gunta VijayaKumari
Published: December 2021

Homomorphic encryption (HE) schemes became popular cryptographic primitives and very useful in variety of security applications. Homomorphic encryption based on coding theory have the advantages of faster computations due to the structural properties of the codes used. Several schemes are supporting unlimited Mod2 addition operations in literature. The present paper introduces Reed-Muller (RM) code based Mod2 multiplication operation thereby making RM code based HE scheme fully homomorphic. The representation of the codeword with necessary adaption to support unlimited number of Mod2​ multiplication operations is presented along with the scheme first. The correctness proof of the homomorphic operations along with experimental evaluation is also presented to demonstrate the practical aspects of the proposal.
Integration of Libraries into the Digital Information Space in Educational Institutions: Trends and Problems in the Period of COVID-19
Authors: Otamas Inna
Published: December 2021

As the world responds to the COVID-19 pandemic, most governments have temporarily closed all schools. Thus, there is a transition to distance learning on a large scale. Educational institutions try to organize training using Internet technologies, students use e-books while taking e-learning courses, researchers mostly use e-journals. Academic libraries around the world are digitizing library collections, creating powerful digital libraries that help readers get information. UNESCO and the Library of Congress have developed the World Digital Library, thus making an innovative attempt to develop intercultural understanding by providing access to digital heritage from 200 countries. As in many industries, the librarian branch must undergo radical changes due to the development of digitalization and artificial intelligence. The report of the Association of Research Libraries states that there are three categories of urgent changes: changes in relationship of a research library and its institutional partners; changes in the organization of research libraries; changes in the skills of librarian staff and users of library electronic funds.
Quo vadis? Few remarks on identity of archives and archivists within the context of the year of archives
Authors: Dručkus Gintaras , Stanišauskė Kristina
Published: December 2021

The year 2021 in Lithuaniais declared the Year of Archives. The centennial is a good opportunity to reflecton the century-long journey of state archives, to assess what was good аnd what could have been done better.
University information profile: innovative information and communication technologies
Authors: Fedushko Solomiia
Published: December 2021

Complex processes are taking place in Ukraine, which contribute to the active transformation of our society into an information one. During the rapid transition of society to distance work, which was caused by the worldwide quarantine, the insufficient level of university popularization in the qualitatively new conditions of virtual space became obvious. The study analyzes the virtual representation of universities during the rapid development of information and communication technologies and the active implementation of distance learning. It is proved that large public universities have significant information potential. When effectively used, this potential can give a fundamental advantage over competitors, form a long-term public effect and consolidate the leadership position in certain areas of the university and provide an opportunity to develop anti-crisis technologies.
Digital tools for information visualization in teaching the discipline “International Information аnd Business”
Authors: Khaletska Lesia
Published: December 2021

One of the most remarkable signs of the present in many spheres of activity, including education, is information overload. Its consequence is both complication of the information management process and complication of the learning process for all its subjects. Considering this fact, as well as peculiarities of thinking of modern generation of applicants for education, particularly higher education, it is necessary to introduce effective learning technologies in modern conditions. This includes the preparation of training material before it is presented to applicants for higher education. It is visualization that provides an opportunity to present information in an accessible, comprehensible form, in clear, logically structured forms. The purpose of the study is to reveal the role of information visualization in the educational process, to clarify the content of the concept of “information visualization” and related concepts, to provide a general description of visualization tools and techniques, digital visualization tools, to present opportunities and experiences of using digital information visualization tools when studying the discipline “International Information and Business”.
Archival information resources in a pandemic: on the issue of creating an information resource “Places of memory of Ukrainian diplomacy”
Authors: Matiash Iryna
Published: December 2021

The author demonstrates the challenges facing archives and researchers due to quarantine restrictions related to the threat to human health posed by the coronavirus pandemic due to the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The author points out the common problem for all institutes of memory (archives, libraries, museums) and analyzes the areas of work of the State Archival Service of Ukraine and state archives to expand access to archival information resources. The author considers the possibilities of integration of the public sector in the field of archives with the centers of civil society. The author outlines on the example of an information resource - a virtual historical project “Places of Memory of Ukrainian Diplomacy” – ways of effective cooperation between archivists, scholars and diplomats to ensure access to sources of institutional history of Ukrainian diplomacy.
Social networks as a local information resource for a territorial community library institution
Authors: Gorova Vitalina
Published: December 2021

The article explores the peculiarities of the use of social networks as an accessible tool and an important component of a territorial community’s information space (on the example of library institutions of the united territorial communities in Vinnytsia region). It attempts to structure its functions and capabilities for the local library. It focuses its attention on Facebook, being the most popular of social networks, and highlights its advantages. Based on a study of the official Facebook pages/groups of the library institutions of the administrative centers of urban united territorial communities in Vinnytsia region, the subject and quality of information content were clarified. The level of communication activity of subscribers/participants was also traced. After analyzing the level of audience involvement (number of subscribers relative to the population), posting activity (number of posts per day/month), user activity (set of reactions to the publication), feedback (quick access button), we obtained data indicating an average rate of the presence of posts on the page/in the group of the local library, which testifies to the irregularity of the publications. The assessment show that local libraries do not take full advantage of Facebook. First of all, the level of audience involvement and user activity (response to posts) needs to be increased. This can be achieved by expanding the topic and improving the quality of information content, as well as working to increase the post organic reach.
AHMEDÎLİK’TE HİLAFET EKSENLİ AYRIŞMALAR
Authors: KÜÇÜKÖNER Halide Rumeysa
Published: December 2021

Ahmedîlik, Mirza Gulam Ahmed’i merkeze alan bir dinî anlayış çerçevesinde, hilafette de onun soyu merkezli bir hilafet tasavvuru geliştirmiştir. Süreç içerisinde hilafet müessesesi bir nevi veraset sistemine dönüşmüştür. Bu tasavvur, mezhep içerisinde hem Mirza Gulam Ahmed figürünün güçlenmesine hem de onun soyundan gelen halifelerin yegâne otorite olarak değerlendirilmelerine neden olmuştur.
Mirza Gulam Ahmed’in soyunun güçlenmesi ise başka aile üyelerinin de hilafet talebinde bulunmasına neden olmuştur. “Sar-sabz-Ahmediyyet” adlı bir Ahmedî grubun ortaya çıkışı bu şekildedir.
Ahmedîliğin, bir nevi verasetle yönetilmesi, soy bağı bulunmayanların da hilafette hak talep etmelerine neden olmuştur. Bu kişiler, yönetim işinde başta kendileri olmak üzere, Gulâmî soy bağı bulunmayanların da hilafet haklarının olması gerektiğini savunarak yeni ayrılıkçı hareketler kurmuşlardır.
Hilafet içerisinden ilk ayrılıkçı hareketler ise 1935’lerde Nijerya’daki Ahmedîler arasından “Nijerya, İslam’da Ahmediye Hareketi” ve 1974’te bu yeni hareketin içerisinden çıkan “Nijerya’nın Envaru’l-İslam Hareketi” isimli hareketlerle söz konusu olmuştur.
Günümüz Ahmedîliğinde ise hilafet sistemine daha fazla eleştiri gelmeye ve ayrılıkçı hareketler daha fazla görünmeye başlamıştır. Bu hareketlerin ortak noktaları ise kendilerini “hakiki Ahmedîlik” olarak görmeleri, Mirza Gulam Ahmed merkezli bir din anlayışına sahip olmaları ve halife otoritesini reddetmeleridir. Bu hareketler, “Cemaatu’s-Sahihi’l-İslam”, “Cemaatü’l-Ahmadiyyeti’l-Müslimîn”, “Cemaatü’l-Ahmadiyyet’il-Islah Pasand”, “Cemaatü’l-Ahmadiyyeti’l-Hakikî” şeklindedir. Bu makalede, Ahmedîlik içerisinde yaşanan hilafet eksenli ayrışmalar konu edilecektir.
MAKÂLÂT GELENEĞİNDE MUHAMMED B. HEYSEM VE HEYSEMİYYE MEZHEBİ
Authors: DURGUTİ Abdylkader
Published: December 2021

Hicrî III. asırdan VI. asra kadar Horasan coğrafyasında faaliyetlerini sürdüren en önemli mezheplerden biri Kerrâmiyye’dir. Üç asır boyunca Kerrâmiyye yaşam tarzıyla, mistik tavrıyla, eğitim kurumlarıyla İslam’ı temsil etmiş; halktan destek görmüş ve Horasan’ın önemli kentlerinden biri olan Nîşâbur’a hâkim olmuştur. Kerrâmîler, ilk dönemde sûfî ve mistik görüşleriyle tanınmış ve çok sayıda taraftar kazanmışlardır. Kerrâmîlerin lideri olan Muhammed b. Kerrâm (ö. 255/869) makâlât geleneğinde itikadî görüşlerinden dolayı eleştirilmiştir. İbn Kerrâm’dan sonra Kerrâmiyye mezhebinin yetiştirdiği en önemli kişi Muhammed b. Heysem’dir. İbn Heysem (ö. IV/X.-V/XI.) dönemi, Kerrâmîlerin altın çağı olmuştur. Çünkü o; ilk olarak toplumu Kerrâmiyye mezhebi altında toplamış, daha sonra Kerrâmîlere yöneltilen eleştirilere cevap vermeye çalışmıştır. Bu çalışmada İbn Heysem’in hayatı ve eserleri hakkında bilgi verildikten sonra onun, Heysemiyye’nin oluşumundaki rolü üzerinde durulacaktır. Ayrıca mezhebin ulûhiyyet; zât-sıfat ilişkisi, istivâ meselesi ve ru’yetullah hakkında görüşlerine yer verilecektir.
YUSUF ZİYA YÖRÜKÂN’IN KELAM İLMİNE DAİR BAZI GÖRÜŞLERİ
Authors: MEMİŞ Murat
Published: December 2021

Yusuf Ziya Yörükân, Osmanlı’nın son döneminden Cumhuriyetin kuruluş yıllarına geçişte Kelâm, Mezhepler Tarihi ve Din Eğitimi gibi disiplinler üzerinde yaptığı çalışmalarla tanınmış bir bilim insanıdır. Kelâm ilmi açısından bakıldığında onun eserlerinde söz konusu ilmin tanıtılması, klasik kaynaklarının modern bir bakışla tekrar değerlendirilmesi ve İslâm inançlarının aslî kaynaklara göre belirlenmesi konuları üzerinde durduğu görülmektedir. Yörükân, Kelâm ilminin tarihte izlediği seyri objektif bir yaklaşımla ortaya koymaya çalışmıştır. Böylece o, hem birtakım sosyal şartların Kelâm’ın gelişimini nasıl etkilediğini, hem de bu süreçlerin aslî kaynak olan Kur'an’la ilişkisini göstermeyi hedeflemiştir. Onun açısından bu gelişim sürecinde Ebû Hanife ve İmam Mâtüridî önde gelen aktörler arasında yer almaktadır. Bu yüzden Yörükân, çalışmalarının önemli bir kısmını, Hanefî-Mâtürîdî sisteminin tanıtılmasına ayırmıştır. Bir tarihçi ve eğitimci olarak o, çalışmalarında önceliği Kelâm ve Mezhepler Tarihine vermiş, Müslümanlar arasındaki ihtilafları geride bırakmaya yönelik olarak klasik Kelâm tartışmalarına ayrıntılı değinmemiş, onlardan kısaca bahsetmekle yetinmiştir. Yörükân, özellikle çağdaş sosyoloji ve felsefe birikimi sayesinde Türkiye’deki modern din öğretiminin gelişmesine önemli katkılar sağlamıştır.
Несущая способность покрытий аэродромов гражданской авиации
Authors: Фомин А.В. , Гладунова Ю.А.
Published: December 2021

В статье рассматривается влияние эквивалентного коэффициента постели на показатели классификационных чисел и показатели предельных состояний. Приведение отношений этих показателей в виде таблиц и графиков, и их сравнение. Определение действительного характерного значения группы B по прочности основания.
Определение перемещений объектов с абсолютным отсчетом результата измерения с помощью информационно-измерительных систем
Authors: Самохина К.С.
Published: December 2021

В статье показано, что оптическая схема с акустооптическим преобразованием частоты используется для определения перемещений объектов с абсолютным отсчетом результата измерения. Исследование данных оптических схем информационноизмерительных систем ведет к необходимости использования пространственных реперных точек, расположенных по трассе измерения. Предложенный метод позволяет измерять перемещения подвижных объектов в абсолютном режиме по имеющимся реперным точкам.
Вероятностный подход к моделированию эколого-экономических систем
Authors: Меншуткин В.В. , Минина Т.Р.
Published: December 2021

Оптимальное управление реальными эколого-экономическими системами предполагает построение моделей, свойства которых отражают только существенные свойства реальных систем. Рассмотрен вероятностный подход для выбора существенных свойств реальной эколого-экономической системы и включения их в модель.
Принципы финансового права: понятие и классификация
Authors: Сайгашкин Я.В. , Карев Д.А.
Published: December 2021

Данная статья посвящена определению понятия «принцип финансового права». Выработка понятия произведена в результате исследования наиболее важных свойств принципов. Кроме того, автором исследуются классификации принципов финансового права.
Международно-правовое регулирование права человека на достоверную информацию о состоянии окружающей среды
Authors: Сусликова К.С.
Published: December 2021

В данной статье автор анализирует международные документы, которые регулируют право человека на достоверную информацию о состоянии окружающей среды. Более подробно рассматривается Орхусская конвенция и причины, которые, по мнению автора, препятствуют российскому государству ратифицировать данный документ. В заключение приводятся авторские предложения, позволяющие привести российское законодательство, регулирующее право на достоверную информацию о состоянии окружающей среды, в соответствие с Орхусской конвенцией и другими международными документами.