bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research into Reconciliation and Forgiveness at the South African Truth and Reconciliation Commission and Homi Bhabha’s “Architecture of the New”
Authors: Krog Antjie
Published: June 2015

The central argument of this article is that within the discourse around the South African Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC), many scholars have insufficiently applied the concept of an indigenous African worldview in their analysis of the TRC’s work, leading them at times to describe the process as coerced, contradictory, and politically manipulated. Using the different stages of my research as well as the different texts that “lit up” every phase, I argue that through a focus on language and translation, the pervasiveness of a particular worldview of interconnectedness can be traced that enabled the commission to execute its mandate creatively and without incidences of revenge. The acknowledgement of an indigenous interconnectedness has wide implications for the concept of transitional justice as it rejuvenates the main concepts of healing, amnesty, and reconciliation. As a journalist who reported on the daily activities of the commission, I move in this piece between the different epistemic communities of journalism, writing, and academia in order to understand the way in which language and its underlying epistemology provides an important access route to understanding the workings of the TRC and the testimonies provided by witnesses.
Opposition Parties and the Timing of Successful No-Confidence Motions
Authors: Williams Laron K.
Published: June 2015

The power to remove the government via no-confidence motion is a powerful tool afforded to the opposition. By triggering the government’s downfall, opposition parties can substantially influence policy direction in parliamentary democracies. Yet, we know surprisingly little about how government and opposition parties interact to determine the occurrence of no-confidence motions and their chance of success. In this project, I develop a simple formal model that identifies the factors influencing when opposition parties propose no-confidence motions and their outcomes. I find support for these expectations by estimating an empirical model that is explicitly derived from the underlying theoretical model. Unlike previous empirical studies of government stability, this project honors the strategic interactions that occur between government and opposition parties. In addition to the possibility of the motion passing, opposition parties are motivated by electoral considerations, which induce different behaviors at various stages of the electoral cycle. This project offers a number of implications for the study of parliamentary politics, including theories of opposition behavior, democratic accountability, and government duration and termination.
Epistemic Deontologism and Strong Doxastic Voluntarism: A Defense
Authors: BONDY PATRICK
Published: June 2015

The following claims are independently plausible but jointly inconsistent: (1) epistemic deontologism is correct (i.e., there are some beliefs we ought to have, and some beliefs we ought not to have); (2) we have no voluntary control over our beliefs; (3) S’s lack of control over whether she φs implies that S has no obligation to φ or to not φ (i.e., ought-implies-can). The point of this paper is to argue that there are active and passive aspects of belief, which can come apart, and to argue that deontological epistemic evaluations apply to the active aspect of belief.
Self-organized braiding in solar coronal loops
Authors: Berger M. A. , Asgari-Targhi M. , DeLuca E. E.
Published: June 2015

In this paper, we investigate the evolution of braided solar coronal loops. We assume that coronal loops consist of several internal strands which twist and braid about each other. Reconnection between the strands leads to small flares and heating of the loop to x-ray temperatures. Using a method of generating and releasing braid structure similar to a forest fire model, we show that the reconnected field lines evolve to a self-organised critical state. In this state, the frequency distributions of coherent braid sequences as well as flare energies follow power law distributions. We demonstrate how the presence of net helicity in the loop alters the distribution laws.
‘Forcing a sparse minor’ — CORRIGENDUM
Authors: REED BRUCE , WOOD DAVID R.
Published: June 2015

The authors would like to rectify a mistake made on the second page, line 50 of their article. The text below explains the changes required.

The constant 0.628 on line 50 of page 2 should be 0.638.
Alternative strategies in newborns and infants with major co-morbidities to improve congenital heart surgery outcomes at an emerging programme
Authors: Dodge-Khatami Jannika , Dodge-Khatami Ali , Knudson Jarrod D. , Seals Samantha R. , Aggarwal Avichal , Taylor Mary B. , Salazar Jorge D.
Published: June 2015

Introduction

Debilitating patient-related non-cardiac co-morbidity cumulatively increases risk for congenital heart surgery. At our emerging programme, flexible surgical strategies were used in high-risk neonates and infants generally considered in-operable, in an attempt to make them surgical candidates and achieve excellent outcomes.

Materials and methods

Between April, 2010 and November, 2013, all referred neonates (142) and infants (300) (average scores: RACHS 2.8 and STAT 3.0) underwent 442 primary cardiac operations: patients with bi-ventricular lesions underwent standard (n=294) or alternative (n=19) repair/staging strategies, such as pulmonary artery banding(s), ductal stenting, right outflow patching, etc. Patients with uni-ventricular hearts followed standard (n=96) or alternative hybrid (n=34) staging. The impact of major pre-operative risk factors (37%), standard or alternative surgical strategy, prematurity (50%), gestational age, low birth weight, genetic syndromes (23%), and major non-cardiac co-morbidity requiring same admission surgery (27%) was analysed on the need for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, mortality, length of intubation, as well as ICU and hospital length of stays.

Results

The need for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (8%) and hospital survival (94%) varied significantly between surgical strategy groups (p=0.0083 and 0.028, respectively). In high-risk patients, alternative bi- and uni-ventricular strategies minimised mortality, but were associated with prolonged intubation and ICU stay. Major pre-operative risk factors and lower weight at surgery significantly correlated with prolonged intubation, hospital length of stay, and mortality.

Discussion

In our emerging programme, flexible surgical strategies were offered to 53/442 high-risk neonates and infants with complex CHDs and significant non-cardiac co-morbidity, in order to buffer risk and achieve patient survival, although at the cost of increased resource utilisation.
Risk for prolonged QT interval and associated outcomes in children with early restrictive eating patterns
Authors: Guerrier Karine , Mitan Laurie , Wang Yu , Czosek Richard J.
Published: June 2015

Aim

This study aimed to describe the frequency of QTc prolongation in children with restrictive eating disorders early in the course of disease admitted for inpatient therapy, to determine the frequency of associated ventricular arrhythmia, and to evaluate the relationship between QTc interval and concomitant electrolyte abnormalities and rate of weight loss.

Methods

This was a retrospective cohort study of patients aged 11–25 years with early restrictive eating disorders.

Results

In all, 82 patients met the inclusion criteria (84% female). In total, 9.8% had prolonged QTc interval during hospitalisation. Patients with prolonged QTc had significantly higher resting heart rates (p=0.006), but there was no association with hypokalaemia (p=0.31), hypomagnesaemia (p=0.43), hypophosphataemia (p=1), or rate of weight loss (p=1).

Conclusion

Mild QTc prolongation in patients with restrictive eating disorders is not related to electrolyte abnormalities or rate of weight loss in this population, suggesting that investigation about other potential risk factors of prolonged QTc interval may be warranted.
The Polish and Wider Central European Enlightenment – was there a Radical Tendency?
Authors: Israel Jonathan
Published: June 2015

Whereas during the first half of the eighteenth century the expression ‘oświecony’ in Polish was nearly always a religious metaphor, between the 1760s and the early nineteenth century the noun ‘oświeconie’ became secularized, broadened and given a quite revolutionary new meaning, denoting an intellectually grounded, rational and true understanding of things in contrast to how traditional religious authority understood things. This is well known to scholars and students alike. But the question now arises, with the rise over the last 20 to 30 years of ‘Radical Enlightenment’ as a fundamental new category in the humanities, how much has this category applicability in the Central European context? Studying book history and print culture, I shall argue, helps us to determine that in fact it does.
Mitochondrial E3 ligase March5 maintains stemness of mouse ES cells via suppression of ERK signalling
Authors: Gu Hao , Li Qidong , Huang Shan , Lu Weiguang , Cheng Fangyuan , Gao Ping , Wang Chen , Miao Lin , Mei Yide , Wu Mian
Published: June 2015

Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) possess pluripotency, which is the capacity of cells to differentiate into all lineages of the mature organism. Increasing evidence suggests that the pluripotent state of ESCs is regulated by a combination of extrinsic and intrinsic factors. The underlying mechanisms, however, are not completely understood. Here, we show that March5, an E3 ubiquitin ligase, is involved in maintaining mouse-ESC (mESC) pluripotency. Knockdown of March5 in mESCs led to differentiation from naive pluripotency. Mechanistically, as a transcriptional target of Klf4, March5 catalyses K63-linked polyubiquitination of Prkar1a, a negative regulatory subunit of PKA, to activate PKA, thereby inhibiting the Raf/MEK/ERK pathway. Moreover, March5 is able to replace a MEK/ERK inhibitor to maintain mESC pluripotency under serum-free culture conditions. In addition, March5 can partially replace the use of Klf4 for somatic cell reprogramming. Collectively, our study uncovers a role for the Klf4–March5–PKA–ERK pathway in maintaining the stemness properties of mESCs.
Optogenetic control of contractile function in skeletal muscle
Authors: Bruegmann Tobias , van Bremen Tobias , Vogt Christoph C. , Send Thorsten , Fleischmann Bernd K. , Sasse Philipp
Published: June 2015

Optogenetic stimulation allows activation of cells with high spatial and temporal precision. Here we show direct optogenetic stimulation of skeletal muscle from transgenic mice expressing the light-sensitive channel Channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2). Largest tetanic contractions are observed with 5-ms light pulses at 30 Hz, resulting in 84% of the maximal force induced by electrical stimulation. We demonstrate the utility of this approach by selectively stimulating with a light guide individual intralaryngeal muscles in explanted larynges from ChR2-transgenic mice, which enables selective opening and closing of the vocal cords. Furthermore, systemic injection of adeno-associated virus into wild-type mice provides sufficient ChR2 expression for optogenetic opening of the vocal cords. Thus, direct optogenetic stimulation of skeletal muscle generates large force and provides the distinct advantage of localized and cell-type-specific activation. This technology could be useful for therapeutic purposes, such as restoring the mobility of the vocal cords in patients suffering from laryngeal paralysis.
Vimentin filament organization and stress sensing depend on its single cysteine residue and zinc binding
Authors: Pérez-Sala Dolores , Oeste Clara L. , Martínez Alma E. , Carrasco M. Jesús , Garzón Beatriz , Cañada F. Javier
Published: June 2015

The vimentin filament network plays a key role in cell architecture and signalling, as well as in epithelial–mesenchymal transition. Vimentin C328 is targeted by various oxidative modifications, but its role in vimentin organization is not known. Here we show that C328 is essential for vimentin network reorganization in response to oxidants and electrophiles, and is required for optimal vimentin performance in network expansion, lysosomal distribution and aggresome formation. C328 may fulfil these roles through interaction with zinc. In vitro, micromolar zinc protects vimentin from iodoacetamide modification and elicits vimentin polymerization into optically detectable structures; in cells, zinc closely associates with vimentin and its depletion causes reversible filament disassembly. Finally, zinc transport-deficient human fibroblasts show increased vimentin solubility and susceptibility to disruption, which are restored by zinc supplementation. These results unveil a critical role of C328 in vimentin organization and open new perspectives for the regulation of intermediate filaments by zinc.
Pushing the limits of radiofrequency (RF) neuronal telemetry
Authors: Yousefi Tara , Diaz Rodolfo E.
Published: June 2015

In a previous report it was shown that the channel capacity of an in vivo communication link using microscopic antennas at radiofrequency is severely limited by the requirement not to damage the tissue surrounding the antennas. For dipole-like antennas the strong electric field dissipates too much power into body tissues. Loop-type antennas have a strong magnetic near field and so dissipate much less power into the surrounding tissues but they require such a large current that the antenna temperature is raised to the thermal damage threshold of the tissue. The only solution was increasing the antenna size into hundreds of microns, which makes reporting on an individual neuron impossible. However, recently demonstrated true magnetic antennas offer an alternative not covered in the previous report. The near field of these antennas is dominated by the magnetic field yet they don’t require large currents. Thus they combine the best characteristics of dipoles and loops. By calculating the coupling between identical magnetic antennas inside a model of the body medium we show an increase in the power transfer of up to 8 orders of magnitude higher than could be realized with the loops and dipoles, making the microscopic RF in-vivo transmitting antenna possible.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Tumor-specific Th2 responses inhibit growth of CT26 colon-cancer cells in mice via converting intratumor regulatory T cells to Th9 cells
Authors: Liu Jiang-Qi , Li Xing-Yong , Yu Hai-Qiong , Yang Gui , Liu Zhi-Qiang , Geng Xiao-Rui , Wang Shuai , Mo Li-Hua , Zeng Lu , Zhao Miao , Fu Yun-Ting , Sun Hong-Zhi , Liu Zhi-Gang , Yang Ping-Chang
Published: June 2015

The abnormality of immune regulation plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of cancer; the underlying mechanism has not been fully understood yet. This study aims to investigate the role of cancer specific T helper (Th)2 response in the inhibition of colon cancer (Cca) cell growth. The results showed that with Cca cell (CT26 cell) extracts as an antigen, the Cca-extract specific Th2 response was induced in the Cca-bearing mice. The Cca mass size was significantly reduced, or radically disappeared (5 out of 10; or 50%); the survival rate was markedly improved in mice immunized with Cca-extract, but not in those immunized with another tumor cell (U87 cell) extracts or to bovine serum albumin. The immunization with Cca-extract also induced Cca cell apoptosis and converted the intra-Cca Tregs to T helper (Th) 9 cells. In conclusion, Cca-specific Th2 responses inhibit Cca growth in a mouse model via inducing Cca cell apoptosis and converting intra-Cca Tregs to Th9 cells.
Toward Smart Implant Synthesis: Bonding Bioceramics of Different Resorbability to Match Bone Growth Rates
Authors: Comesaña Rafael , Lusquiños Fernando , del Val Jesús , Quintero Félix , Riveiro Antonio , Boutinguiza Mohamed , Jones Julian R. , Hill Robert G. , Pou Juan
Published: June 2015

Craniofacial reconstructive surgery requires a bioactive bone implant capable to provide a gradual resorbability and to adjust to the kinetics of new bone formation during healing. Biomaterials made of calcium phosphate or bioactive glasses are currently available, mainly as bone defect fillers, but it is still required a versatile processing technique to fabricate composition-gradient bioceramics for application as controlled resorption implants. Here it is reported the application of rapid prototyping based on laser cladding to produce three-dimensional bioceramic implants comprising of a calcium phosphate inner core, with moderate in vitro degradation at physiological pH, surrounded by a bioactive glass outer layer of higher degradability. Each component of the implant is validated in terms of chemical and physical properties and absence of toxicity. Pre–osteoblastic cell adhesion and proliferation assays reveal the adherence and growth of new bone cells on the material. This technique affords implants with gradual-resorbability for restoration of low-load-bearing bone.
Subcellular Localization of the Sigma-1 Receptor in Retinal Neurons — an Electron Microscopy Study
Authors: Mavlyutov Timur A. , Epstein Miles , Guo Lian-Wang
Published: June 2015

The Sigma-1 receptor (S1R) is known to play a protective role in the central nervous system including the retina. A major barrier for understanding the underlying mechanism is an ambiguity of S1R subcellular localizations. We thus conducted the first electron microscopy (EM) study of S1R subcellular distribution in the mouse retina. Immuno-EM imaging showed previously under-appreciated S1R presence in photoreceptor cells. Unlike in other cell types in previous reports, in photoreceptor cells S1R was found in the nuclear envelope but not localized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), raising a possibility of S1R-mediated modulatory mechanisms different than conventionally thought. While in bipolar cells S1R was detected only in the nuclear envelope, in ganglion cells S1R was identified predominantly in the nuclear envelope and found in the ER as well. A predominant localization of S1R in the nuclear envelope in all three retinal neurons implicates a potential role of S1R in modulating nuclear activities. Moreover, its absence in the plasma membrane and presence in the subsurface ER cisternae that are juxtaposed to the plasma membrane in ganglion cells may lend mechanistic insights generally important for frequently reported S1R modulations of ion channels in neurons.
Suppressing the Neurospora crassa circadian clock while maintaining light responsiveness in continuous stirred tank reactors
Authors: Cockrell Allison L. , Pirlo Russell K. , Babson David M. , Cusick Kathleen D. , Soto Carissa M. , Petersen Emily R. , Davis Miah J. , Hong Christian I. , Lee Kwangwon , Fitzgerald Lisa A. , Biffinger Justin C.
Published: June 2015

Neurospora crassahas been utilized as a model organism for studying biological, regulatory and circadian rhythms for over 50 years. These circadian cycles are driven at the molecular level by gene transcription events to prepare for environmental changes.N. crassais typically found on woody biomass and is commonly studied on agar-containing medium which mimics its natural environment. We report a novel method for disrupting circadian gene transcription while maintaining light responsiveness inN. crassawhen held in a steady metabolic state using bioreactors. The arrhythmic transcription of core circadian genes and downstream clock-controlled genes was observed in constant darkness (DD) as determined by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). Nearly all core circadian clock genes were up-regulated upon exposure to light during 11hr light/dark cycle experiments under identical conditions. Our results demonstrate that the natural timing of the robust circadian clock inN. crassacan be disrupted in the dark when maintained in a consistent metabolic state. Thus, these data lead to a path for the production of industrial scale enzymes in the model system,N. crassa, by removing the endogenous negative feedback regulation by the circadian oscillator.
Temperature Dependence of Electrical and Thermal Conduction in Single Silver Nanowire
Authors: Cheng Zhe , Liu Longju , Xu Shen , Lu Meng , Wang Xinwei
Published: June 2015

In this work, the thermal and electrical transport in an individual silver nanowire is characterized down to 35 K for in-depth understanding of the strong structural defect induced electron scattering. The results indicate that, at room temperature, the electrical resistivity increases by around 4 folds from that of bulk silver. The Debye temperature (151 K) of the silver nanowire is found 36% lower than that (235 K) of bulk silver, confirming strong phonon softening. At room temperature, the thermal conductivity is reduced by 55% from that of bulk silver. This reduction becomes larger as the temperature goes down. To explain the opposite trends of thermal conductivity (κ) ~ temperature (T) of silver nanowire and bulk silver, a unified thermal resistivity ("Equation missing") is used to elucidate the electron scattering mechanism. A large residual Θ is observed for silver nanowire while that of the bulk silver is almost zero. The same "Equation missing"~T trend proposes that the silver nanowire and bulk silver share the similar phonon-electron scattering mechanism for thermal transport. Due to phonon-assisted electron energy transfer across grain boundaries, the Lorenz number of the silver nanowire is found much larger than that of bulk silver and decreases with decreasing temperature.
Decoupling the role of stiffness from other hydroxyapatite signalling cues in periosteal derived stem cell differentiation
Authors: Mattei Giorgio , Ferretti Concetta , Tirella Annalisa , Ahluwalia Arti , Mattioli-Belmonte Monica
Published: June 2015

Bone extracellular matrix (ECM) is a natural composite made of collagen and mineral hydroxyapatite (HA). Dynamic cell-ECM interactions play a critical role in regulating cell differentiation and function. Understanding the principal ECM cues promoting osteogenic differentiation would be pivotal for both bone tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Altering the mineral content generally modifies the stiffness as well as other physicochemical cues provided by composite materials, complicating the “cause-effect” analysis of resultant cell behaviour. To isolate the contribution of mechanical cues from other HA-derived signals, we developed and characterised composite HA/gelatin scaffolds with different mineral contents along with a set of stiffness-matched HA-free gelatin scaffolds. Samples were seeded with human periosteal derived progenitor cells (PDPCs) and cultured over 7 days, analysing their resultant morphology and gene expression. Our results show that both stiffness and HA contribute to directing PDPC osteogenic differentiation, highlighting the role of stiffness in triggering the expression of osteogenic genes and of HA in accelerating the process, particularly at high concentrations.
Adaptive sampling dual terahertz comb spectroscopy using dual free-running femtosecond lasers
Authors: Yasui Takeshi , Ichikawa Ryuji , Hsieh Yi-Da , Hayashi Kenta , Cahyadi Harsono , Hindle Francis , Sakaguchi Yoshiyuki , Iwata Tetsuo , Mizutani Yasuhiro , Yamamoto Hirotsugu , Minoshima Kaoru , Inaba Hajime
Published: June 2015

Terahertz (THz) dual comb spectroscopy (DCS) is a promising method for high-accuracy, high-resolution, broadband THz spectroscopy because the mode-resolved THz comb spectrum includes both broadband THz radiation and narrow-line CW-THz radiation characteristics. In addition, all frequency modes of a THz comb can be phase-locked to a microwave frequency standard, providing excellent traceability. However, the need for stabilization of dual femtosecond lasers has often hindered its wide use. To overcome this limitation, here we have demonstrated adaptive-sampling THz-DCS, allowing the use of free-running femtosecond lasers. To correct the fluctuation of the time and frequency scales caused by the laser timing jitter, an adaptive sampling clock is generated by dual THz-comb-referenced spectrum analysers and is used for a timing clock signal in a data acquisition board. The results not only indicated the successful implementation of THz-DCS with free-running lasers but also showed that this configuration outperforms standard THz-DCS with stabilized lasers due to the slight jitter remained in the stabilized lasers.
Chronic administration of anticonvulsants but not antidepressants impairs bone strength: clinical implications
Authors: Gold P W , Pavlatou M G , Michelson D , Mouro C M , Kling M A , Wong M-L , Licinio J , Goldstein S A
Published: June 2015

Major depression and bipolar disorder are associated with decreased bone mineral density (BMD). Antidepressants such as imipramine (IMIP) and specific serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) have been implicated in reduced BMD and/or fracture in older depressed patients. Moreover, anticonvulsants such as valproate (VAL) and carbamazepine (CBZ) are also known to increase fracture rates. Although BMD is a predictor of susceptibility to fracture, bone strength is a more sensitive predictor. We measured mechanical and geometrical properties of bone in 68 male Sprague Dawley rats on IMIP, fluoxetine (FLX), VAL, CBZ, CBZ vehicle and saline (SAL), given intraperitoneally daily for 8 weeks. Distinct regions were tested to failure by four-point bending, whereas load displacement was used to determine stiffness. The left femurs were scanned in a MicroCT system to calculate mid-diaphyseal moments of inertia. None of these parameters were affected by antidepressants. However, VAL resulted in a significant decrease in stiffness and a reduction in yield, and CBZ induced a decrease in stiffness. Only CBZ induced alterations in mechanical properties that were accompanied by significant geometrical changes. These data reveal that chronic antidepressant treatment does not reduce bone strength, in contrast to chronic anticonvulsant treatment. Thus, decreased BMD and increased fracture rates in older patients on antidepressants are more likely to represent factors intrinsic to depression that weaken bone rather than antidepressants per se. Patients with affective illness on anticonvulsants may be at particularly high risk for fracture, especially as they grow older, as bone strength falls progressively with age.
Altered functional connectivity of the cingulate subregions in schizophrenia
Authors: Wang D , Zhou Y , Zhuo C , Qin W , Zhu J , Liu H , Xu L , Yu C
Published: June 2015

Schizophrenia patients have shown altered resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) of the cingulate cortex; however, it is unknown whether rsFCs of the cingulate subregions are differentially affected in this disorder. We aimed to clarify the issue by comparing rsFCs of each cingulate subregion between healthy controls and schizophrenia patients. A total of 102 healthy controls and 94 schizophrenia patients underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging with a sensitivity-encoded spiral-in imaging sequence to reduce susceptibility-induced signal loss and distortion. The cingulate cortex was divided into nine subregions, including the subgenual anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), areas 24 and 32 of the pregenual ACC, areas 24 and 32 of the anterior mid-cingulate cortex (aMCC), posterior MCC (pMCC), dorsal (dPCC) and ventral (vPCC) posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) and retrosplenial cortex (RSC). The rsFCs of each cingulate subregion were compared between the two groups and the atrophy effect was considered. Results with and without global signal regression were reported. Most cingulate subregions exhibited decreased rsFCs in schizophrenia after global signal regression (GSR). Without GSR, only increased rsFC was found in schizophrenia, which primarily restricted to the aMCC, PCC and RSC. Some of these increased rsFCs were also significant after GSR. These findings suggest that GSR can greatly affect between-group differences in rsFCs and the consistently increased rsFCs may challenge the functional disconnection hypothesis of schizophrenia.
Luminescent zinc(ii) and copper(i) complexes for high-performance solution-processed monochromic and white organic light-emitting devices
Authors: Cheng Gang , So Gary Kwok-Ming , To Wai-Pong , Chen Yong , Kwok Chi-Chung , Ma Chensheng , Guan Xiangguo , Chang Xiaoyong , Kwok Wai-Ming , Che Chi-Ming
Published: June 2015

High performance orange (EQE up to 15.64%) and white (EQE up to 6.88%) solution processed OLEDs fabricated solely with emitters of non-platinum group metals were reported. The white device has CIE coordinates of (0.42, 0.44) and CRI of 81.
A palm-size μNMR relaxometer using a digital microfluidic device and a semiconductor transceiver for chemical/biological diagnosis
Authors: Lei Ka-Meng , Mak Pui-In , Law Man-Kay , Martins Rui P.
Published: June 2015

We describe the first electronic-automated multi-step multi-sample palm-size μNMR relaxometer exhibiting four key functionalities: (1) high-sensitivity μNMR screening; (2) inside-magnet sample management; (3) real-time multi-droplet positioning; and (4) multiplexed μNMR.
An overview of recent developments in the analytical detection of new psychoactive substances (NPSs)
Authors: Smith Jamie P. , Sutcliffe Oliver B. , Banks Craig E.
Published: June 2015

New psychoactive substances (NPSs) are a class of compounds that have been recently made available for abuse. Following an unprecedented increase in the number of NPSs in the last 5 years this mini-review overviews this recent emerging research area and the analytical approaches reported.
Pheomelanin-coated iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles: a promising candidate for negative T2 contrast enhancement in magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Zottis Alexandre D. A. , Beltrame Jeovandro M. , Lara Luciano R. S. , Costa Thiago G. , Feldhaus Mateus J. , Pedrosa Rozangela Curi , Ourique Fabiana , de Campos Carlos E. M. , Isoppo Eduardo de A. , da Silva Miranda Fabio , Szpoganicz Bruno
Published: June 2015

We describe herein a novel type of monodisperse water-soluble magnetite nanoparticle coated with pheomelanin using an environmentally-friendly approach in aqueous medium.
Organocatalytic enantioselective formal arylation of azlactones using quinones as the aromatic partner
Authors: Li Guofeng , Sun Wangsheng , Li Jingyi , Jia Fengjing , Hong Liang , Wang Rui
Published: June 2015

Catalytic enantioselective formal arylation of azlactones using quinones as the aromatic partner was developed.
An ON1–OFF–ON2 electrochemiluminescence response: combining the intermolecular specific binding with a radical scavenger
Authors: Du Xiaojiao , Jiang Ding , Hao Nan , Liu Qian , Qian Jing , Dai Liming , Mao Hanping , Wang Kun
Published: June 2015

The electrochemiluminescence (ECL) technique was combined with the “ON1–OFF–ON2” strategy based on the chemical reactions and specific binding among different small chemical compounds for the highly sensitive detection of nonelectroactive organophosphate pesticides.
Internal dynamics in the molecular complex of CF3CN and H2O
Authors: Lin Wei , Wu Anan , Lu Xin , Tang Xiao , Obenchain Daniel A. , Novick Stewart E.
Published: June 2015

The internal dynamics of the trifluoroacetonitrile–water complex characterized by high resolution microwave spectroscopy andab initiocalculations.
Photocatalytic reduction of triclosan on Au–Cu2O nanowire arrays as plasmonic photocatalysts under visible light irradiation
Authors: Niu Junfeng , Dai Yunrong , Yin Lifeng , Shang Jianying , Crittenden John C.
Published: June 2015

Au/Cu2O/Cu “sandwich” structure nanowire arrays showed reinforced photocatalytic activity for reductive degradation of triclosan under visible light irradiation.
Catalytic Conia-ene and related reactions
Authors: Hack Daniel , Blümel Marcus , Chauhan Pankaj , Philipps Arne R. , Enders Dieter
Published: June 2015

Since its initial inception, the Conia-ene reaction, known as the intramolecular addition of enols to alkynes or alkenes, has experienced a tremendous development and appealing catalytic protocols have emerged.
Tuning of exchange coupling by the Mn–O distance and phenoxido bridging angle: an experimental and theoretical study of the family of Mn(iii) dimers with salen type ligands
Authors: Seth Piya , Giri Sanjib , Ghosh Ashutosh
Published: June 2015

Three new Mn(iii) complexes of salen type Schiff base ligands have been synthesized in order to correlate their magnetic properties with structural parameters, theoretically and experimentally.
Magnetic studies of mesoporous nanostructured iron oxide materials synthesized by one-step soft-templating
Authors: Jin Jing , Hines William A. , Kuo Chung-Hao , Perry David M. , Poyraz Altug S. , Xia Yan , Zaidi Taha , Nieh Mu-Ping , Suib Steven L.
Published: June 2015

A combined magnetization and 57Fe spin-echo nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) study has been carried out on mesoporous nanostructured materials consisting of the magnetite (Fe3O4) and maghemite (γ-Fe2O3) phases.
Design, synthesis and extraction studies of a new class of conformationally constrained (N,N,N′,N′-tetraalkyl)7-oxabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane-2,3-dicarboxamides
Authors: Sharma Shikha , Panja Surajit , Bhattachariya Arunasis , Dhami Prem S. , Gandhi Preetam M. , Ghosh Sunil K.
Published: June 2015

Conformationally constrained oxa-diamides showed selective extraction of lanthanides/actinides with fast kinetics, high loading without a third phase and easy stripping.
Dodecanuclear [MnIII6LnIII6] species: synthesis, structures and characterization of magnetic relaxation phenomena
Authors: Tziotzi Thomais G. , Tzimopoulos Demetrios I. , Lis Tadeusz , Inglis Ross , Milios Constantinos J.
Published: June 2015

Two dodecametallic heteronuclear manganese–lanthanide [MnIII6LnIII6] (Ln = Gd, Dy) complexes were isolated and characterized by magnetic measurements.
Parameters influencing the photo-induced electron transfer from tryptophan-containing peptides to a RuII complex: a systematic study
Authors: Garnir Kevin , Estalayo-Adrián Sandra , Lartia Rémy , De Winter Julien , Defrancq Eric , Surin Mathieu , Lemaur Vincent , Gerbaux Pascal , Moucheron Cécile
Published: June 2015

Ruthenium(ii) polyazaaromatic complexes have gained interest in recent decades as biomolecular tools, especially in the development of new phototherapeutic agents. These light emissive Ru complexes based on π-deficient ligands were first designed to allow a photo-induced electron transfer (PET) with the guanine base in DNA since their 3MLCT state is highly photo-oxidizing. Later the field of research was extended to proteins with the highlighting of a PET process with the tryptophan residue. This paper reports the kinetics of the luminescence quenching of [Ru(TAP)2phen]2+ by several selected peptide sequences containing at least one tryptophan residue. By using a peptide library we highlight the important parameters influencing the kinetics of the photo-electron transfer process, such as the net electrostatic charge and the number of tryptophan residues. The best peptide candidates were selected to study the formation of photo-products by MALDI-ToF mass spectrometry. A high photoreactivity of the [Ru(TAP)2phen]2+ complex was observed and multiple photoadducts were characterized, among them inter-peptidic adducts as well as intra-peptidic adducts.
Efficient hydration of 2-amino-2,3-dimethylbutyronitrile to 2-amino-2,3-dimethylbutyramide in a biphasic system via an easily prepared whole-cell biocatalyst
Authors: Zhu Shujing , Ma Xiaoqiang , Su Erzheng , Wei Dongzhi
Published: June 2015

The nitrile hydratase catalyzed hydration of 2-amino-2,3-dimethylbutyronitrile to 2-amino-2,3-dimethylbutyramide in various green solvent–aqueous reaction systems was investigated in this study.
Friedel–Crafts alkylation catalysed by GaCl3-based liquid coordination complexes
Authors: Matuszek Karolina , Chrobok Anna , Hogg James M. , Coleman Fergal , Swadźba-Kwaśny Małgorzata
Published: June 2015

The high activity and selectivity of liquid coordination complexes as catalysts in Friedel–Crafts alkylation of aromatics at ambient temperature with alphaolefins is demonstrated.
pH control using polymer-supported phosphonic acids as reusable buffer agents
Authors: Li Yongsheng , Wang Yongguang , Gao Zhinan , Xu Jiayue , Liu Xiaorong
Published: June 2015

To reduce phosphorus effluents from phosphate buffers, we use polymer-supported phosphonic acids as heterogenous and reusable buffer agents for pH control of enzyme catalysis.
Alternative solvents can make preparative liquid chromatography greener
Authors: Shen Yao , Chen Bo , van Beek Teris A.
Published: June 2015

Greener ethanol, acetone and ethyl acetate provided better chromatographic resolution in preparative RP-HPLC than the traditional methanol, acetonitrile and tetrahydrofuran.
Selective terminal C–C scission of C5-carbohydrates
Authors: van der Klis Frits , Gootjes Linda , van Haveren Jacco , van Es Daan S. , Bitter Johannes H.
Published: June 2015

Selective terminal C–C scission of non-edible C5-carbohydrates over Ru/C to C4-polyol building blocks was achieved under mild reaction conditions (138 °C, 6 bar H2).
An ionic liquid–organics–water ternary biphasic system enhances the 5-hydroxymethylfurfural yield in catalytic conversion of glucose at high concentrations
Authors: Zhou Jinxia , Xia Zhi , Huang Tingyu , Yan Peifang , Xu Wenjuan , Xu Zhanwei , Wang Jianji , Zhang Z. Conrad
Published: June 2015

An ionic liquid–organics–water ternary biphasic system has high 5-HMF productivity and separation efficiency in the CrCl3 catalyzed conversion of glucose at high concentrations.
Towards personalized medicine: chemosensitivity assays of patient lung cancer cell spheroids in a perfused microfluidic platform
Authors: Ruppen Janine , Wildhaber Franziska D. , Strub Christoph , Hall Sean R. R. , Schmid Ralph A. , Geiser Thomas , Guenat Olivier T.
Published: June 2015

Mono- and co-culture spheroids from patient's cells are formed and tested under perfusion conditions for prospective personalized oncology applications.
Development of a platform for single cell genomics using convex lens-induced confinement
Authors: Mahshid Sara , Ahamed Mohammed Jalal , Berard Daniel , Amin Susan , Sladek Robert , Leslie Sabrina R. , Reisner Walter
Published: June 2015

We present a lab-on-a-chip for the next generation of single-cell genomics, performing full-cycle single-cell analysis by demonstrating mega-base pair genomic DNAs in nanochannels extracted in situ.
A highly sensitive and selective turn-on fluorescent probe for sulfite and its application in biological imaging
Authors: Song Jianhua , Zhang Di , Liu Yaqi , Zhao Yufen , Ye Yong
Published: June 2015

A new fluorescein-based probe (1) has been developed for the highly sensitive and selective detection of sulfite.
The effect of meta versus para substitution on the aggregation of bis-cholesteryl appended 2,6-disubstituted pyridine-based gelators
Authors: Rizkiana Meta Fitri , Balamurugan Rathinam , Liu Jui Hsiang
Published: June 2015

The self assembly of bent core isomers comprising pyridine-cholesteryl units connected through meta- and para-substituted benzene as linkers were studied and their gelation and aggregation phenomena were compared with respect to the substitution effect.
Facile synthesis of a conjugated microporous polymeric monolith via copper-free Sonogashira–Hagihara cross-coupling in water under aerobic conditions
Authors: Liu Jie , Tobin John M. , Xu Zhengtao , Vilela Filipe
Published: June 2015

Facile thiol–yne chemistry on a porous polymer monolith: the sulfur donors thus installed effectively take up Ag(i) ions, allowing for the catalysis of heterocyclization reaction in the solid phase.
Apigenin mediated gold nanoparticle synthesis and their anti-cancer effect on human epidermoid carcinoma (A431) cells
Authors: Rajendran Indra , Dhandapani Harini , Anantanarayanan Rajaram , Rajaram Rama
Published: June 2015

Apigenin reduces Au3+to Au0to form ap-AuNPs at RT. ap-AuNPs are biocompatible towards HaCat cells. They show anti-cancer activity towards A431 cells by inducing apoptosis.
Three-dimensionally ordered macroporous (3DOM) SiOC on a cordierite monolith inner wall and its properties for soot combustion
Authors: Ma Jia , Ning Yunlong , Gong Cairong , Xue Gang , Fan Guoliang
Published: June 2015

Three-dimensionally ordered macroporous (3DOM) SiOC was successfully fabricated on a cordierite monolith, and LaCoO3 was coated onto the 3DOM SiOC/cordierite. The 3DOM structure produced a positive effect on soot combustion.
Interactions between sodium polyacrylate and mixed surfactants of polyoxyethylene tert-octyl phenyl ether and dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide
Authors: Zheng Peizhu , Zhang Xianshuo , Shen Weiguo
Published: June 2015

Interactions between sodium polyacrylate and mixed surfactants of polyoxyethylene tert-octyl phenyl ether and dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide in 40 mM NaBr aqueous solutions were studied using isothermal titration calorimetry.
A novel EVA composite with simultaneous flame retardation and ceramifiable capacity
Authors: Di Hong-Wei , Deng Cong , Li Rui-Min , Dong Liang-Ping , Wang Yu-Zhong
Published: June 2015

Ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) filled with glass dust (GD), glass fiber (GF), OMMT, and melamine cyanurate (MCA) was developed as a ceramifiable flame-retardant polymer composite for cables and insulated wires.
Facile synthesis of P2-type Na0.4Mn0.54Co0.46O2as a high capacity cathode material for sodium-ion batteries
Authors: Xu Xijun , Ji Shaomin , Gao Ruibo , Liu Jun
Published: June 2015

P2-type Na0.4Mn0.54Co0.46O2nanosheets were facilely synthesizedviaa two-step annealing route, which showed a high second charge capacity of 194 mA h g−1and delivered as specific capacity of 125 mA h g−1at a current of 20 mA g−1after 60 cycles.
Preparation of SiCp/Al composite–bismuthate glass material and its application in mirror blanks
Authors: Qu Shengguan , Lou Huashan , Li Xiaoqiang , Kuang Tairong
Published: June 2015

A low melting point bismuthate glass was developed for bonding SiCp/Al composite, and the novel SiCp/Al composite–glass material was prepared.
Superior shape memory properties and microstructure evolution of poly(ether-b-amide12) elastomer enhanced by poly(ε-caprolactone)
Authors: Huang Miaoming , Dong Xia , Wang Lili , Gao Yunyun , Wang Dujin
Published: June 2015

While the recovery ratio of PEBA decreases marginally with PCL content, the maximum recovery stresses (σmax) increase greatly despite of the deformation temperature, indicating an enhancement of the recovery stress.
Oleogels as spreadable fat and butter alternatives: sensory description and consumer perception
Authors: Yılmaz Emin , Öğütcü Mustafa
Published: June 2015

Sensory and consumer tests showed that virgin olive oil- and hazelnut oil–beeswax oleogels could be spreadable margarine and butter alternatives.
Rapid synthesis of rGO–MoO3 hybrids and mechanism of enhancing sensing performance to H2S
Authors: Bai Shouli , Chen Chao , Cui Meng , Luo Ruixian , Chen Aifan , Li Dianqing
Published: June 2015

The 2.5 wt% rGO–MoO3 hybrid prepared by an in situ microwave hydrothermal method has excellent sensing properties to ppm-level H2S at 110 °C.
The effect of CO2 on the CVD synthesis of carbon nanomaterials using fly ash as a catalyst
Authors: Hintsho Nomso , Shaikjee Ahmed , Tripathi Pranav K. , Franklyn Paul , Durbach Shane
Published: June 2015

Carbon nanomaterials (CNMs) can be derived from waste materials such as: coal fly ash and CO2, with CO2 and C2H2 as carbon sources respectively.
Thermally robust core–shell material for automotive 3-way catalysis having oxygen storage capacity
Authors: Masias K. L. Stamm , Peck T. C. , Fanson P. T.
Published: June 2015

A thermally robust coating prevents sintering of platinum particles and adds functionality by exhibiting oxygen storage and release.
Isolation of stigmast-5,24-dien-3-ol from marine brown algae Sargassum tenerrimum and its antipredatory activity
Authors: Majik Mahesh S. , Adel Harshada , Shirodkar Dipika , Tilvi Supriya , Furtado Jennifer
Published: June 2015

In recent years many sterols with potent biological activity have been identified from marine sources. Here we report the isolation of stigmast-5,24-dien-3-ol (fucosterol) as a major metabolite from bioactive hexane-fraction ofSargassum tenerrimumand also investigated its ecological role.
Highly efficient and eco-friendly protocol to functionalized imidazoles via ring-opening of α-nitro epoxides
Authors: Guo Xiao , Shao Jiaan , Liu Huan , Chen Binhui , Chen Wenteng , Yu Yongping
Published: June 2015

A simple and direct synthesis of functionalized imidazoles from α-nitro-epoxides and amidines was developed.
Facile synthesis of 2,2′-dinitrosubstituted biaryls through Cu-catalyzed ligand-free decarboxylative homocoupling of ortho-nitrobenzoic acids
Authors: Fu Zhengjiang , Li Zhaojie , Xiong Qiheng , Cai Hu
Published: June 2015

A novel waste-free Cu-catalyzed decarboxylative homocoupling of ortho-nitrobenzoic acids with different substituents on the phenyl core has been developed.
Borneol-grafted cellulose for antifungal adhesion and fungal growth inhibition
Authors: Shi Bing , Luan Di , Wang Shihui , Zhao Lingyun , Tao Lei , Yuan Qipeng , Wang Xing
Published: June 2015

Borneol-grafted cellulose (BGC) exhibited a remarkable performance in antifungal adhesion and fungal growth inhibition based on biological surface recognition.
Enhanced photoelectrochemical and photocatalytic performance of iodine-doped titania nanotube arrays
Authors: Siuzdak Katarzyna , Szkoda Mariusz , Sawczak Mirosław , Lisowska-Oleksiak Anna , Karczewski Jakub , Ryl Jacek
Published: June 2015

The paper discusses the synthesis and performance of iodine doped titania nanotube arrays exhibited under irradiation.
A pyrene-based optical probe capable of molecular computation using chemical input strings
Authors: Chhatwal Megha , Kumar Anup , Gupta Rinkoo D. , Awasthi Satish K.
Published: June 2015

Elucidation of molecular computing by employing a pyrene-based chemosensor with Cu2+, Fe3+, CN− and H+ ions as input stimuli and subsequent quantum yields as output responses.
1,8-Naphthyridine-based molecular clips for off–on fluorescence sensing of Zn2+ in living cells
Authors: Wang De-Hui , Zhang Yuan , Gong Zhe , Sun Ran , Zhao De-Zhi , Sun Chang-Liang
Published: June 2015

New 1,8-naphthyridine-based clip-like receptor as “off–on” fluorescent probe was designed and synthesised for selectively sensing Zn2+ in living cells.
Beyond enzymatic promiscuity: asymmetric induction by l-proline on lipase catalyzed synthesis of polyfunctionalized 4H-pyrans
Authors: Bora Pranjal P. , Bihani Manisha , Bez Ghanashyam
Published: June 2015

We report herein the synthesis of polysubstituted 4H-pyrans catalysed by PPL via a three-component reaction of aldehyde, malononitrile and acetyl acetone. Addition of l-proline co-operatively induced stereoselective induction in the formation of polysubstituted 4H-pyrans.
‘On-water’ organic synthesis: a green, highly efficient, low cost and reusable catalyst system for biaryl synthesis under aerobic conditions at room temperature
Authors: Saikia Bishwajit , Boruah Preeti Rekha , Ali Abdul Aziz , Sarma Diganta
Published: June 2015

The PdCl2/sucrose/K2CO3/H2O system showed the superb catalytic activity towards the Suzuki reaction of a wide range of aryl/heteroaryl halides with diverse phenylboronic acids at room temperature with operational simplicity and shorter reaction time.
Controlled radical polymerization of styrene with magnetic iron oxides prepared through hydrothermal, bioinspired, and bacterial processes
Authors: Kanazawa Arihiro , Satoh Kotaro , Kanaoka Shokyoku , Kakihana Masato , Kobayashi Makoto , Sato Junki , Imai Hiroaki , Oaki Yuya , Arakaki Atsushi , Katagiri Kiyofumi , Kamigaito Masami , Aoshima Sadahito
Published: June 2015

Controlled/living radical polymerization of styrene proceeded with the use of magnetic iron oxide (Fe3O4) prepared through various processes.
Syntheses and catalytic application of hydrido iron(ii) complexes with [P,S]-chelating ligands in hydrosilylation of aldehydes and ketones
Authors: Xue Benjing , Sun Hongjian , Li Xiaoyan
Published: June 2015

Four hydrido iron(ii) complexes (1–4) with [P,S]-chelating ligands were synthesized by the reactions of (2-diphenylphosphanyl)thiophenols, C6H3(1-SH) (2-PPh2) (4-R1) (6-R2), abbreviated as (P^SH), with Fe(PMe3)4.