bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengabdian Terhadap Masyarakat Pada Balita Menderita ISPA Menggunakan Terapi Komplementer Fisiotrapi Dada
Authors: Novikasari Linawati , Safaat Imam , Furqoni Prima Dian
Published: April 2021

ABSTRAK Infeksi pernafasan merupakan penyakit akut yang paling banyak terjadi pada anak-anak. Tujuan Deskripsi hasil Asuhan Keperawatan Komprehenshif Pada Balita Dengan Masalah Keperawatan Gangguan Bersih Jalan Nafas (Ispa) MenggunakanTerapi Komplementer menggunakan fisiotrapydadadidesabanjitkecamatanbanjitkabupatenwaykananTahun 2020 Metode yang di lakukan dengan Intervensi Fisioterapi dada yang di lakukan adalah Mengatur posisi pasien (tengkurap di pangkuan) dengan wajah menghadap ke baskom yang berisi air panas. Menutup kepala pasien dengan handuk kecil agar aroma minya kayu putih dapat terhidup dengan benar. Lakukan clapping dengan cara tangan perawat menepuk punggung secarabergantian.Lakukanperkusiselama1-2menit.Lakukanvibrasipada punggung pasien saat dahak keluar, Pada anak -anak, cukup 3 sampai 5 menit.Lakukansekitar4-5kali.kemudianbersihkanareamulutdanhidung pasien dengan tissue. Berikan minyak kayu putih pada punggung dan telapakkakipasien.HasilFisioterapidadayangdilakukanpadakeduaanak di dapatkan hasil yang dapat mengurangi lendir dijalan nafas. Sehingga keduaanakmerasakanlebihlegasertadapattidurlebihtenang.Dari3hari pelaksanaankeduaanakdalamintervensididapatkanhasilyangsamayakni pengeluaran dan perubahan membaik pada hari pertama, hal ini di karenakan usia anak tidak jauh berbeda, kemudian pelaksanaan diikuti anak denganbaik. Kata Kunci: Balita, ISPA, Terapi  ABSTRACT Respiratory infections are the most common acute illness in children. Objective Description of the results of comprehensive nursing care in toddlers with nursing problems Clean Airway Disorders (Ispa) Using Complementary Therapy using chest physiotherapy in the banjit village banjit sub-district of Waykanan in 2020 Methods to be performed with the Intervention of Chest Physiotherapy that is done is to regulate the position of the patient (prone in the chest) in the banjit village lap) with face facing the basin filled with hot water. Cover the patient's head with a small towel so that the scent of eucalyptus can be alive properly. Clapping the nurse's hands alternately patting her back. Perform percussion for 1-2 minutes. Perform vibrations on the patient's back when sputum is out, in children, just 3 to 5 minutes. Do it about 4- 5 times. then clean the patient's mouth and nose area with tissue. Apply eucalyptus oil to the patient's back and feet. Results Chest physiotherapy done on the two children get results that can reduce mucus on the way of breath. So that both children feel more relievedandcansleepmorequietly.From3daystheimplementationofthe two children in the intervention obtained the same results namely expenditure and changes improved on the first day, this is because the age of the child was not much different, then the implementation was followed by the child well. Keywords: Toddlers, ISPA, Therapy
Penyuluhan Tentang Peran Kader Dalam Meningkatkan Kualitas Pelayanan Di Masa Pandemi
Authors: Lestari Sri Maria Puji , Pratama Ading Yogi , Zulfian Zulfian , Arania Resti , Sudiadnyani Ni Putu , Purwaningrum Ratna
Published: April 2021

ABSTRAK Berdasarkan keterangan, kecamatan Langkapura merupakan satu dari empat belas Kecamatan yang termasuk dalam kategori zona merah di Bandar Lampung. Pada 14 maret 2020, ditemukan pasien positif COVID-19 pertama di Lampung yaitu warga salah satu kelurahan di wilayah administratif Kecamatan Langkapura. Oleh karena itu peran kader sangat di perlukan dalam pelayanan. Salah satu upaya yang dapat dilakukan dengan memberikan pengetahuan. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah untuk meniningkatkan pengetahuan mengenai covid. Pelaksanaan kegiatan dibantu oleh FK malahayati pada bulan Desember 2020. Hasil dari kegiatan ini adalah meningkatnya pengetahuan kader sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa penyuluhan pada kader sangat efektif. Kata Kunci: Penyuluhan, kader, covid. ABSTRACT Based on information, Langkapura sub-district is one of fourteen sub-districts included in the red zone category in Bandar Lampung. On March 14, 2020, the first positive COVID- 19 patient was found in Lampung, a resident of a sub-district in the administrative area of Langkapura District. Therefore, the role of cadres is needed in service. One of the efforts that can be done by providing knowledge. The purpose of this activity is to increase knowledge about Covid. The implementation of activities assisted by FK malahayati in December 2020. The result of this activity is the knowledge of cadres so it can be ignored    that counseling to cadres is very effective. Keywords: Counseling, cadres, covid
解析体育场塑胶跑道沥青结合层施工技术
Authors: 雷 晓斌
Published: April 2021

随着基础建设类项目的增多，人们对工程项目的要求也逐渐提高，为改善体育场塑胶跑道的整体施工水准，项目管理人员采用了沥青结合层施工技术，该技术带有施工工序简单、技术造价低等优势，在推出后受到了项目建设团队的欢迎。文章将详细介绍体育场塑胶跑道施工项目概况，通过专业的研究与调查，找出沥青结合层施工技术的应用过程，如施工测量、控制基层质量、科学管理施工过程及施工质量检测等，借助多项环节的优化，有效提升体育场塑胶跑道的建设质量。
概预算编制质量对工程造价的影响分析
Authors: 潘 凯
Published: April 2021

一项工程在开展过程中会涉及到很多内容，而概预算工作就是其中非常重要的一个环节，不仅会在很大程度上会影响到工程的总体造价水平，还会对建设单位经济效益的获得产生很大的影响。因此在工程开展过程中，管理人员必须要注重概预算编制的重要性，科学有效的开展概预算编制工作的效率和质量，为工程造价控制提供可靠的保证。因此在文章中我们主要对概预算编制质量对工程造价的影响进行了详细的分析与探讨，以供参考。
装配式建筑工程施工技术在建筑工程施工管理中的应用
Authors: 丛 丙玺
Published: April 2021

在社会快速发展的推动下，我国建筑工程行业得到了显著的发展，与此同时大量新型建筑施工技术和施工方法被人们研发出来，并在实践运用中取得了良好的成绩。装配式建筑是建筑工程行业发展的必然结果，因为其具有效率高、成本低的优越性所以受到了人们的广泛青睐。装配式建筑其实质就是在工厂内将各个配件进行统一的生产制造，随后运送到施工现场进行安装最终形成完整的建筑工程结构的一种工程施工模式，与传统施工工作相对比来说，装配式建筑在施工过程中通常不会受到外界环境因素的影响，施工效率和质量相对较高，所以适合大范围的加以运用。
RNPLS&T's e-library in ecology: Tasks, principles, possibilities for ecological education
Authors: Bychkova E. F.
Published: April 2021

Ecological issues make the significant stream in RNPLS&T’s activities. In 2009, the Ecological E-library was established. At present, the E-library comprises 22 collections of over 800 books, journals and serials in the rare publications collections of RNPLS&T and partner organizations. The collections are being published on DVDs and are also available on open access on the Library’s ecological webpage. The project goal is to acquire an accessible full-text resource in the RF nature management built on science literature of the 18th-early 20th centuries. The resource is being enriched with new special collections. For this purpose, Ecology and Sustainable Development Projects Group has implemented the algorithm for special collection development encompassing content selection and assessment, digitization of publications and publishing the digital periodical registered by Informregistr Sci-tech Center. After the collection is loaded online, the Group is to promote it through issuing methodological guide on how to use the collection in ecological education.

The article is prepared within the framework of the State Order № 075-01300-20-00.
Utilização de uma boneca terapêutica como estratégia educativa para cuidados e prevenção do pé diabético
Authors: Ferro Thaís Valdeci da Rocha , Silva Núbia Ivo da , Bezerra Myllena Tavares , Cordeiro João Paulo do Nascimento , Miranda Renata da Silva , Silva Daniele Cristina de Oliveira Lima da
Published: April 2021

Esta pesquisa tem por objetivo demonstrar a relevância da utilização da boneca terapêutica como estratégia educativa para cuidados e prevenção do pé diabético. Trata-se de uma pesquisa-ação qualitativa de natureza observacional, com analise dos artigos publicados nas bases de dados disponíveis na BVS: BDENF; LILACS e SciELO. Desenvolvemos as oficinas proporcionando a sensibilização e conscientização da população sobre prevenção e cuidados com pé diabético e com muita satisfação conseguimos difundir os resultados para a comunidade, entre outros acadêmicos e até mesmo profissionais que conheciam essa abordagem de metodologia ativa de ensino. Por fim, fazemos coro afirmando que a realização de atividades lúdicas com idosos é um importante aliado para o fortalecimento da autonomia destes indivíduos. Ressalta-se a importância do desenvolvimento de atividades grupais pelos enfermeiros voltadas para os idosos na atenção primária, principalmente para a prevenção de incapacidades e complicações relacionadas às doenças crônicas, em particular, o DM.
Protagonismo dos adolescentes e jovens na prevenção da sua saúde sexual
Authors: Maia Aíka Barros Barbosa , Monte Liana Maria Ibiapina do , Sousa Ranieri Flávio Viana de , Silva Alexandro do Vale , Cardoso Darwin Renne Florêncio , Nascimento Elaine Ferreira do , Mallet Jacenir Reis dos Santos
Published: April 2021

Objetivou-se descrever evidências cientificas sobre o comportamento e o conhecimento dos adolescentes e jovens sobre a sua sexualidade e as formas de prevenção das infecções sexualmente transmissíveis (IST). Revisão integrativa, com abordagem qualitativa, tendo como questão norteadora: qual o comportamento e o conhecimento dos jovens escolares sobre a sua sexualidade e as formas de prevenção das IST?. A coleta de dados ocorreu no mês de agosto de 2020, a busca foi realizada nas bases de dados da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde entre elas: Medline, Lilacs e BDENF, utilizando os descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DeCS): Adolescente, Infecção Sexualmente Transmissíveis, Conhecimento e Saúde Sexual. Foram detectados 206 artigos, sendo que 25 atendiam aos critérios de inclusão, após a análise e leitura minuciosa dos escritos. Os comportamentos de risco mais presentes nos estudos da literatura foi a iniciação sexual precoce com o sexo masculino mais vulnerável, acompanhada de práticas sexuais desprotegida, sem adesão neste público ao uso frequente do preservativo, aumentando assim o risco das infecções sexualmente transmissíveis. Observou-se, ainda, um conhecimento limitado dos adolescentes sobre a anatomia e a fisiologia dos órgãos sexuais externos, em especial do feminino.
Özgün Bir Sünnî Literatür: Türkçe Maktel-i Hüseyinler
Authors: ÖZTÜRK Yunus
Published: April 2021

Öz Teolojik anlamda güçlü gelenekler, farklı alanlara belirgin tonlarını taşıyabilmektedir. Bu noktada Sünnîlik ve Şi‘îlik, İslâm Mezhepler tarihinin en güçlü geleneklerinin başında gelmektedir. Bu geleneklerin ayırt edici vasıfları, geleneği takip eden âlimlerin eserlerine ve edebî metinlerine sirayet etmiştir. Günümüz ilahiyat araştırmacıları, ihtisaslaşma gereği kelâm, tefsir, hadis, fıkıh ve mezhepler tarihi kaynakları üzerinden zihniyet ve gelenek analizine yoğunlaşmıştır. Buna karşın özellikle edebî kaynaklar ise böyle bir zihniyet analizi üzerinden tam olarak incelenmemiştir. Bu makale güçlü geleneklerin edebî anlamda da varlığını sürdürdüğü bir literatür olan maktel literatürünü konu edinmektedir. Makale Anadolu’daki maktellerin Sünnî kültürün bir literatürü olduğu varsayımından hareket etmektedir. Maktellerde Sünnî ve Hâricî kavramlarının kullanımları, klasik kelâm ve mezhepler tarihi tasnifinin taşındığı özgün bir literatürü temsil etmektedir. Bununla birlikte ilgili literatürün ve kullanımın doğrudan incelenmediği görünmektedir. Bu telif geleneği uzun bir dönemi kapsamaktadır. Bu sebeple 14-16. yüzyıllar arasında telif edilen makteller ile makale sınırlandırılmıştır. Makalede, Anadolu’da Türkçe telif edilen Maktel-i Hüseynler’deki Sünnî ve Hâricî kavramlarının içeriği incelenmektedir. Bu kullanımların muhataplarının hangi niteliklerle işlendiği araştırılmıştır. Tespit edilen nitelikler klasik kaynaklar ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Bu surette kavramsal, karşılaştırmalı ve tarihsel analizlerle maktellerdeki kullanımların geleneksel ve teolojik kökeni soruşturulmuştur. Böylece Sünnî kültürün, Anadolu’da telif edilen maktellerde özgün bir literatür olarak varlığını sürdürdüğü iddiası temellendirilmeye çalışılmıştır.
The Interaction Between Securitization of Migration and Asylum: The Political Considerations on the Rights of Asylum-Seekers in the Case of the EU-Turkish Joint Statement
Authors: APAN Ahmet
Published: April 2021

Nowadays, hundreds of thousands of people have been trying to migrate to another country including the EU member states, and live a stable life without security concerns. However, the EU has increasingly reduced their opportunity and ability to seek international protection via strict policies. Securitization of migration results in a decrease in the number of asylum applications. The EU has been politically realistic considering its own interests in implementing measures to combat irregular migration with regard to the reduction of asylum applications. In this context, the EU Commission suggested that Turkey and the Western Balkan countries should be adopted as a “safe country of origin” in September 2015. In fact, this move aimed at reducing the number of applications, many of which had already been rejected. Although the persons who were subject to the EU-Turkey Joint Statement dated March 18, 2016, used to flee from the conflict zones in the different corners of the World, the EU treated them like irregular migrants and sent them back to Turkey. The Statement, which is the basis for the return of these persons, presents itself with various difficulties in terms of procedure and implementation.
Ulusötesi Bir Mekânın Boşnak Kolektif Belleği ile Yaratım Süreci ve Kimliğin Mekânsal Sunumu: İstanbul-Yıldırım Mahallesi
Authors: ÇETİNKAYA Sibel Can , GÖKÖZKUT Burcu
Published: April 2021

Bu çalışmada, Boşnak kolektif belleğinin ulusötesi sosyal mekânların olu-şum sürecini nasıl etkilediği ve kimliğin mekânlarda nasıl temsil edildiği incelenmiştir. Bu süreçte, araştırma alanı olarak, göçlerle birlikte gelişen ve Boşnak kimliği ile özdeşleşen Yıldırım Mahallesi tercih edilmiştir. Çalış-mada, nitel araştırma yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Kartopu örnekleme tekniği kullanılarak; derinlemesine görüşmeler ve odak grup görüşmeleri yapılmış-tır. Elde edilen bulgular betimsel analiz yöntemi kullanılarak analiz edil-miştir. Çalışmada, Boşnak göçmenlerin Yıldırım Mahallesi’ni tarım arazi-sinden ulusaşırı sosyal bir mekâna dönüştürdüğü anlaşılmıştır. Bu alan, Boşnakların sosyo-kültürel pratikleri ile şekillenirken, kimliğinin sembolle-ri ile donatılarak adlandırılmış ve böylece bir şekilde kimliğin sürekliliği sağlanmıştır. Sonuç olarak, üretilen mekânlar bireylerin iki ülkeye aidiyet bağı geliştirmelerinde etkili olmuştur.
OMPdb: A Global Hub of Beta-Barrel Outer Membrane Proteins
Authors: Roumia Ahmed F. , Tsirigos Konstantinos D. , Theodoropoulou Margarita C. , Tamposis Ioannis A. , Hamodrakas Stavros J. , Bagos Pantelis G.
Published: April 2021

OMPdb (www.ompdb.org) was introduced as a database for β-barrel outer membrane proteins from Gram-negative bacteria in 2011 and then included 69,354 entries classified into 85 families. The database has been updated continuously using a collection of characteristic profile Hidden Markov Models able to discriminate between the different families of prokaryotic transmembrane β-barrels. The number of families has increased ultimately to a total of 129 families in the current, second major version of OMPdb. New additions have been made in parallel with efforts to update existing families and add novel families. Here, we present the upgrade of OMPdb, which from now on aims to become a global repository for all transmembrane β-barrel proteins, both eukaryotic and bacterial.
Non-linear Normalization for Non-UMI Single Cell RNA-Seq
Authors: Wu Zhijin , Su Kenong , Wu Hao
Published: April 2021

Single cell RNA-seq data, like data from other sequencing technology, contain systematic technical noise. Such noise results from a combined effect of unequal efficiencies in the capturing and counting of mRNA molecules, such as extraction/amplification efficiency and sequencing depth. We show that such technical effects are not only cell-specific, but also affect genes differently, thus a simple cell-wise size factor adjustment may not be sufficient. We present a non-linear normalization approach that provides a cell- and gene-specific normalization factor for each gene in each cell. We show that the proposed normalization method (implemented in “SC2P" package) reduces more technical variation than competing methods, without reducing biological variation. When technical effects such as sequencing depths are not balanced between cell populations, SC2P normalization also removes the bias due to uneven technical noise. This method is applicable to scRNA-seq experiments that do not use unique molecular identifier (UMI) thus retain amplification biases.
Kynurenic Acid Analog Attenuates the Production of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α, Calgranulins (S100A 8/9 and S100A 12), and the Secretion of HNP1–3 and Stimulates the Production of Tumor Necrosis Factor-Stimulated Gene-6 in Whole Blood Cultures of Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Balog Attila , Varga Borisz , Fülöp Ferenc , Lantos Ildikó , Toldi Gergely , Vécsei László , Mándi Yvette
Published: April 2021

Objectives: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, inflammatory joint disease with complex pathogenesis involving a variety of immunological events. Recently, it has been suggested that kynurenic acid (KYNA) might be a potential regulator of inflammatory processes in arthritis. KYNA has a definitive anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive function. The aim of the present study is to investigate the complex effects of a newly synthesized KYNA analog—SZR72 on the in vitro production of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), tumor necrosis factor-stimulated gene-6 (TSG-6), calprotectin (SA1008/9), SA100 12 (EN-RAGE), and HNP1–3 (defensin-α) in the peripheral blood of patients with RA and the various effects of the disease.

Methods: Patients with RA (n = 93) were selected based on the DAS28 score, medication, and their rheumatoid factor (RF) status, respectively. Peripheral blood samples from 93 patients with RA and 50 controls were obtained, and activated by heat-inactivated S. aureus. Parallel samples were pretreated before the activation with the KYNA analog N-(2-N, N-dimethylaminoethyl)-4-oxo-1H-quinoline-2-carboxamide hydrochloride. Following the incubation period (18 h), the supernatants were tested for TNF-α, TSG-6, calprotectin, S100A12, and HNP1–3 content by ELISA.

Results: SZR72 inhibited the production of the following inflammatory mediators: TNF-α, calprotectin, S100A12, and HNP1–3 in whole blood cultures. This effect was observed in each group of patients in various phases of the disease. The basic (control) levels of these mediators were higher in the blood of patients than in healthy donors. In contrast, lower TSG-6 levels were detected in patients with RA compared to healthy controls. In addition, the KYNA analog exerted a stimulatory effect on the TSG-6 production ex vivo in human whole blood cultures of patients with RA in various phases of the disease.

Conclusion: These data further support the immunomodulatory role of KYNA in RA resulting in anti-inflammatory effects and draw the attention to the importance of the synthesis of the KYNA analog, which might have a future therapeutic potential.
Behçet‘s Syndrome Apart From the Triple Symptom Complex: Vascular, Neurologic, Gastrointestinal, and Musculoskeletal Manifestations. A Mini Review
Authors: Kötter Ina , Lötscher Fabian
Published: April 2021

Behçet‘s Syndrome (BS) is a variable vessel vasculitis according to the Chapel Hill Consensus Nomenclature (1) and may thus affect any organ, including major and minor arterial and venous vessels to a varying degree and with varying frequency. Although the main features of BS are recurrent oral and genital aphthous ulcers, cutaneous lesions, ocular inflammation and arthritis—major vessel and life—or organ threatening involvement of internal organs and the central and peripheral nervous system occur. In general, BS in Europe appears to form six phenotypes of clinical manifestations (2), which are (1) mucocutaneous only, (2) predominant arthritis/articular involvement, (3) vascular phenotype, (4) ocular manifestations, which are most likely associated with CNS manifestations and HLA-B51, (5) dominant parenchymal CNS manifestations (being associated with the ocular ones), and (6) gastrointestinal involvement. Mucocutaneous manifestations are present in almost all patients/all phenotypes. In the following review, we summarize the current knowledge concerning vascular, neurologic, gastrointestinal and musculoskeletal manifestations of the disease.
Structural Refinement of the Auditory Brainstem Neurons in Baboons During Perinatal Development
Authors: Kim Eun Jung , Nip Kaila , Blanco Cynthia , Kim Jun Hee
Published: April 2021

Children born prematurely suffer from learning disabilities and exhibit reading, speech, and cognitive difficulties, which are associated with an auditory processing disorder. However, it is unknown whether gestational age at delivery and the unnatural auditory environment in neonatal intensive care units (NICU) collectively affect proper auditory development and neuronal circuitry in premature newborns. We morphologically characterized fetal development of the medial superior olivary nucleus (MSO), an area important for binaural hearing and sound localization, in the auditory brainstem of baboon neonates at different gestational ages. Axonal and synaptic structures and the tonotopic differentiation of ion channels in the MSO underwent profound refinements after hearing onset in the uterus. These developmental refinements of the MSO were significantly altered in preterm baboon neonates in the NICU. Thus, the maternal environment in uterus is critical for auditory nervous system development during the last trimester of pregnancy and critically affects the anatomic and functional formation of synapses and neural circuitry in the preterm newborn brain.
Safety and Efficacy of Degradable Starch Microspheres Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization as a Bridging Therapy in Patients with Early Stage Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Child-Pugh Stage B Eligible for Liver Transplant
Authors: Minici Roberto , Ammendola Michele , Manti Francesco , Siciliano Maria Anna , Giglio Enrica , Minici Marco , Melina Marica , Currò Giuseppe , Laganà Domenico
Published: April 2021

In patients with early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma, awaiting liver transplantation, current guidelines by AASLD and ESMO recommend a bridging therapy with a loco-regional treatment to prevent progression outside transplantation criteria. The standard of care in delaying disease progression has been recognized to be the transarterial chemoembolization. Permanent occlusion of tumor feeding vessels has effects on tumour stromal microenvironment by inducing intra- and intercellular signaling processes counteracting hypoxia, such as the release of vascular endothelial growth factor, a promoter of neoangiogenesis, tumour proliferation and metastatic growth. Among chemoembolization interventions, TACE with degradable starch microspheres represents an alternative to conventional cTACE and DEB-TACE and it minimizes detrimental effects on tumour stromal microenvironment, guaranteeing a transient occlusion of tumour feeding arteries and avoiding VEGF overexpression.Between January 2015 and September 2020, 54 consecutive patients with early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma and Child-Pugh stage B, who had undergone DSM-TACE as a bridging therapy while awaiting liver transplantation, were eligible for the study. A total of 154 DSM-TACE was performed, with a mean number of 2.85 procedures per patient. 18 patients (33.3%) succeeded in achieving liver transplantation, with a mean waiting time-to-transplantation of 11.7 months. The cumulative rates of patients still active on the WL at 6 months were about 91 and 93% when considering overall drop-out and tumour-specific drop-out respectively. Overall survival was about 96% at 6 months and 92% at 12 months. 17 patients experienced adverse events after the chemoembolizations. For patients with HCC in the transplant waiting list and within the Child-Pugh B stage, life expectancy may be dominated by the liver dysfunction, rather than by the tumour progression itself. In this population subset, the choice of LRT is critical because LRT itself could become a dangerous tool that is likely to precipitate liver dysfunction to an extent that survival is shortened rather than prolonged. Hence, the current study demonstrates that DSM-TACE is not far from being an ideal LRT, because it has an excellent safety profile, maintaining an efficacy that guarantees a clear advantage on the dropout rate with respect to the non-operative strategy, thus justifying its use.
Crowdsourced Identification of Potential Target Genes for CTV Induced Gene Silencing for Controlling the Citrus Greening Vector Diaphorina citri
Authors: Ramos John E. , Jain Ritesh G. , Powell Charles A. , Dawson William O. , Gowda Siddarame , Borovsky Dov , Shatters Robert G.
Published: April 2021

Citrus Greening or Huanglongbing (HLB) is a disease of citrus, causing high reduction in citrus production and is transmitted by the Asian citrus psyllidDiaphorina citriKuwayama vectoring a phloem-limited bacteriumCandidatus Liberibactersp. We report research results using crowdsourcing challenge strategy identifying potential gene targets inD. citrito control the insect using RNA interference (RNAi). From 63 submitted sequences, 43 were selected and tested by feeding them toD. citriusing artificial diet assays. After feeding on artificial diet, the three most effective dsRNAs causing 30% mortality above control silenced genes expressing iron-sulfur cluster subunit of the mitochondrial electron transport chain complex (Rieske), heme iron-binding terminal oxidase enzyme (Cytochrome P450) and tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) pathway enzyme (Pterin 4α-Carbinolamine Dehydratase). These sequences were cloned into a citrus phloem-limited virus (Citrus tristeza virus, CTV T36) expressing dsRNA against these target genes in citrus. The use of a viral mediated “para-transgenic” citrus plant system caused higher mortality to adultD. citrithan what was observed using artificial diet, reaching 100% when detached citrus leaves with the engineered CTV expressing dsRNA were fed to adultD. citri. Using this approach, a virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) can be used to test future transgenic cultivars before genetically engineering citrus. RNA Seq analysis after feedingD. citriCTV-RIE on infected leaves identified transcriptionally modified genes located upstream and downstream of the targeted RIE gene. These genes were annotated showing that many are associated with the primary function of the Rieske gene that was targeted by VIGS.
Short-Term Physical Inactivity Induces Endothelial Dysfunction
Authors: Bowden Davies Kelly A. , Norman Juliette A. , Thompson Andrew , Mitchell Katie L. , Harrold Joanne A. , Halford Jason C. G. , Wilding John P. H. , Kemp Graham J. , Cuthbertson Daniel J. , Sprung Victoria S.
Published: April 2021

Objective

This study examined the effects of a short-term reduction in physical activity, and subsequent resumption, on metabolic profiles, body composition and cardiovascular (endothelial) function.

Design

Twenty-eight habitually active (≥10,000 steps/day) participants (18 female, 10 male; age 32 ± 11 years; BMI 24.3 ± 2.5 kg/m2) were assessed at baseline, following 14 days of step-reduction and 14 days after resuming habitual activity.

Methods

Physical activity was monitored throughout (SenseWear Armband). Endothelial function (flow mediated dilation; FMD), cardiorespiratory fitness (V.⁢O2 peak) and body composition including liver fat (dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and magnetic resonance spectroscopy) were determined at each assessment. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way within subject’s ANOVA; data presented as mean (95% CI).

Results

Participants decreased their step count from baseline by 10,111 steps/day (8949, 11,274; P < 0.001), increasing sedentary time by 103 min/day (29, 177; P < 0.001). Following 14 days of step-reduction, endothelial function was reduced by a 1.8% (0.4, 3.3; P = 0.01) decrease in FMD. Following resumption of habitual activity, FMD increased by 1.4%, comparable to the baseline level 0.4% (–1.8, 2.6; P = 1.00). Total body fat, waist circumference, liver fat, whole body insulin sensitivity and cardiorespiratory fitness were all adversely affected by 14 days step-reduction (P < 0.05) but returned to baseline levels following resumption of activity.

Conclusion

This data shows for the first time that whilst a decline in endothelial function is observed following short-term physical inactivity, this is reversed on resumption of habitual activity. The findings highlight the need for public health interventions that focus on minimizing time spent in sedentary behavior.
Paternal Postpartum Bonding and Its Predictors in the Early Postpartum Period: Cross-Sectional Study in a Polish Cohort
Authors: Bieleninik Łucja , Lutkiewicz Karolina , Jurek Paweł , Bidzan Mariola
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Parental postpartum bonding has been studied by many researchers focusing on maternal bonding. The objective of this study was to examine the psychological and socio-demographic predictors of paternal postpartum bonding in the early postpartum period.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 131 couples (fathers median age of 32.37 years,SD= 4.59; mothers median age of 30.23 years,SD= 3.90) of newborns from full-term pregnancies were recruited from November 2019 until March 2020. The primary outcome was paternal postpartum bonding as measured by the Postpartum Bonding Questionnaire (PBQ). Secondary outcomes included: maternal and paternal anxiety [with the Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) Assessment]; maternal and paternal stress [with the Parental Stress Scale (PSS)]; maternal depressive symptoms [with the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS)]; and maternal and paternal socio-demographic variables as fathers’ presence at childbirth, education level, age, and parental experience.

Results: Paternal postpartum bonding was significantly correlated with paternal anxiety (moderate strength), maternal stress (strong correlation), and maternal postpartum bonding. No significant correlations between paternal postpartum bonding, maternal depression symptoms, and maternal anxiety were found. The mediating role of paternal stress in paternal postpartum bonding was proven. Paternal anxiety strengthens paternal stress (b= 0.98). Further, a high level of paternal stress disrupts paternal postpartum bonding (b= 0.41). Results of regression analyses have revelated that maternal infant bonding (p< 0.01) and paternal stress (p< 0.01) are the only predictors of parental postpartum bonding across all included variables. None of investigated socio-demographic variables were associated with paternal postpartum bonding.

Conclusion: Notwithstanding limitations, the current findings add to a growing body of literature on paternal postpartum bonding. The results have shown that paternal mental health is related to parental postpartum bonding directly after delivery.

Clinical Trial Registration:ClinicalTrials.govIdentifier: NCT04118751.
Expression, Prognosis and Gene Regulation Network of NFAT Transcription Factors in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Ma Jin , Du Rao , Huang Yan , Zhong Wen , Gui Huan , Mao Chenmei , Song Xiudao , Lu Jun
Published: April 2021

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. The nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) family is implicated in tumorigenesis and progression in various types of cancer. However, little is known about their expression patterns, distinct prognostic values, and potential regulatory networks in NSCLC. In this study, we comprehensively analyzed the distinct expression and prognostic value of NFATs in NSCLC through various large databases, including the Oncomine, UCSC Xena Browser, UALCAN databases, Kaplan–Meier Plotter, cBioPortal, and Enrichr. In lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC), NFAT1/2/4/5 mRNA expression levels were significantly decreased and NFAT3 mRNA expression level was significantly increased. The cBioPortal database analysis showed that the mRNA dysregulation was one of the single most important factors for NFAT alteration in LUAD and LUSC and that both LUAD and LUSC cases with the alterations in the mRNA expression of NFATs had significantly better overall survival (OS). High expression levels of NFAT1/2/4/5 were significantly associated with better OS in LUAD, whereas high NFAT3 expression led to a worse OS. Overexpression of NFAT1/2 predicted better OS in LUSC, whereas high NFAT5 expression led to a worse OS. The networks for NFATs and the 50 most frequently altered neighbor genes in LUAD and LUSC were also constructed. NFATs and genes significantly associated with NFAT mRNA expression in LUAD and LUSC were significantly enriched in the cGMP-dependent protein kinase and Wnt signaling pathways. These results showed that the NFAT family members displayed varying degrees of abnormal expressions, suggesting that NFATs may be therapeutic targets for patients with NSCLC. Aberrant expression of NFATs was found to be associated with OS in the patients with NSCLC; among NFATs, NFAT3/4 may be new biomarkers for the prognosis of LUAD. However, further studies are required to validate our findings.
Comparison of the Quality of Life of Patients with Breast or Colon Cancer with an Arm Vein Port (TIVAD) Versus a Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter (PICC)
Authors: Burbridge Brent , Lim Hyun , Dwernychuk Lynn , Le Ha , Asif Tehmina , Sami Amer , Ahmed Shahid
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Venous access is a crucial element in chemotherapy delivery. It remains unclear whether cancer patients prefer a port to a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC). Our study aimed to assess cancer patients’ satisfaction with their venous access device and to compare the quality of life (QoL) of subjects with a PICC to those with a port. Methods: In this prospective cohort study, EORTC QLQ-C30, and a locally developed quality of life survey (QLAVD), designed to assess satisfaction with venous access devices, were administered to breast or colorectal cancer patients over a one-year period following the device insertion. Mixed effects models were used to assess changes on mean scores at different time points. Results: A total of 101 patients were recruited over a three-year period, (PICC group, n = 50; port group, n = 51). Survey response rates for months one and three were 72% and 48%, respectively. Overall, no significant differences were noted between the two groups in relation to EORTC QOL. At three months, the mean pain scores were 3.5 ± 2.3 for the port and 1.3 ± 0.75 for PICC (<0.001). The mean score for a negative effect of the venous access device on psychosocial well-being was 6.0 ± 4.1 for PICC and 3.0 ± 2.7 for the port (p = 0.005). Complications related to PICCs occurred in 38% patients versus 41% with a port (p > 0.24). Conclusions: Although subjects with a port experienced more pain during the device insertion or access for chemotherapy, it had a smaller negative impact on psychosocial scores than the PICC. No significant differences in complications rates were observed between the two devices.
Erratum: Wang, J., et al. Microcanonical and Canonical Ensembles for fMRI Brain Networks in Alzheimer’s Disease. Entropy 2021, 23, 216
Authors: Wang Jianjia , Wu Xichen , Li Mingrui , Wu Hui , Hancock Edwin R.
Published: April 2021

We sincerely apologize for the inconvenience of updating the authorship [...]
A Hybrid Method Based on Extreme Learning Machine and Wavelet Transform Denoising for Stock Prediction
Authors: Wu Dingming , Wang Xiaolong , Wu Shaocong
Published: April 2021

The trend prediction of the stock is a main challenge. Accidental factors often lead to short-term sharp fluctuations in stock markets, deviating from the original normal trend. The short-term fluctuation of stock price has high noise, which is not conducive to the prediction of stock trends. Therefore, we used discrete wavelet transform (DWT)-based denoising to denoise stock data. Denoising the stock data assisted us to eliminate the influences of short-term random events on the continuous trend of the stock. The denoised data showed more stable trend characteristics and smoothness. Extreme learning machine (ELM) is one of the effective training algorithms for fully connected single-hidden-layer feedforward neural networks (SLFNs), which possesses the advantages of fast convergence, unique results, and it does not converge to a local minimum. Therefore, this paper proposed a combination of ELM- and DWT-based denoising to predict the trend of stocks. The proposed method was used to predict the trend of 400 stocks in China. The prediction results of the proposed method are a good proof of the efficacy of DWT-based denoising for stock trends, and showed an excellent performance compared to 12 machine learning algorithms (e.g., recurrent neural network (RNN) and long short-term memory (LSTM)).
Secure Polar Coding for the Primitive Relay Wiretap Channel
Authors: Athanasakos Manos , Karagiannidis George
Published: April 2021

With the emergence of wireless networks, cooperation for secrecy is recognized as an attractive way to establish secure communications. Departing from cryptographic techniques, secrecy can be provided by exploiting the wireless channel characteristics; that is, some error-correcting codes besides reliability have been shown to achieve information-theoretic security. In this paper, we propose a polar-coding-based technique for the primitive relay wiretap channel and show that this technique is suitable to provide information-theoretic security. Specifically, we integrate at the relay an additional functionality, which allows it to smartly decide whether it will cooperate or not based on the decoding detector result. In the case of cooperation, the relay operates in a decode-and-forward mode and assists the communication by transmitting a complementary message to the destination in order to correctly decode the initial source’s message. Otherwise, the communication is completed with direct transmission from source to the destination. Finally, we first prove that the proposed encoding scheme achieves weak secrecy, then, in order to overcome the obstacle of misaligned bits, we implement a double-chaining construction, which achieves strong secrecy.
Analysis of the Pyrolytic Behaviour of Birch, Maple, and Rowan Leaves
Authors: Zubkova Valentina , Strojwas Andrzej , Bielecki Marcin
Published: April 2021

A research study was conducted on the thermal behaviour of leaves of urban greenery (birch, maple, and rowan) and the products of their pyrolysis and extraction as assisted by microwaves. The obtained products of pyrolysis and extraction were investigated with the use of FT-IR and UV spectroscopies and XRD techniques. A contractive analysis of samples of chars, condensates, after-extraction residue, and extracts showed that the changes in structural-chemical parameters of leaves of different types of trees during pyrolysis and extraction take place in distinct ways. About 22% of material was removed from birch leaves during extraction, and more than 17% of material was extracted from maple and rowan leaves. It was determined that, during pyrolysis of after-extraction residue of leaves, many fewer PAH compounds with carbonyl groups along with alcohols and phenols are emitted than during pyrolysis of non-extracted leaves. Taking into account that pyrolysis is the first stage of combustion, a decrease in the amount of dangerous compounds in the volatile products of pyrolysis leads to a lower contribution of such compounds in combustion products. This indicates that leaves of urban greenery can be subjected to combustion after extraction, and the obtained extracts can be used as a source of phytochemicals and chemical reagents.
A GaN-HEMT Compact Model Including Dynamic RDSon Effect for Power Electronics Converters
Authors: Li Ke , Evans Paul Leonard , Johnson Christopher Mark , Videt Arnaud , Idir Nadir
Published: April 2021

In order to model GaN-HEMT switching transients and determine power losses, a compact model including dynamic RDSon effect is proposed herein. The model includes mathematical equations to represent device static and capacitance-voltage characteristics, and a behavioural voltage source, which includes multiple RC units to represent different time constants for trapping and detrapping effect from 100 ns to 100 s range. All the required parameters in the model can be obtained by fitting method using a datasheet or experimental characterisation results. The model is then implemented into our developed virtual prototyping software, where the device compact model is co-simulated with a parasitic inductance physical model to obtain the switching waveform. As model order reduction is applied in our software to resolve physical model, the device switching current and voltage waveform can be obtained in the range of minutes. By comparison with experimental measurements, the model is validated to accurately represent device switching transients as well as their spectrum in frequency domain until 100 MHz. In terms of dynamic RDSon value, the mismatch between the model and experimental results is within 10% under different power converter operation conditions in terms of switching frequencies and duty cycles, so designers can use this model to accurately obtain GaN-HEMT power losses due to trapping and detrapping effects for power electronics converters.
On Optimistic and Pessimistic Bilevel Optimization Models for Demand Response Management
Authors: Kis Tamás , Kovács András , Mészáros Csaba
Published: April 2021

This paper investigates bilevel optimization models for demand response management, and highlights the often overlooked consequences of a common modeling assumption in the field. That is, the overwhelming majority of existing research deals with the so-called optimistic variant of the problem where, in case of multiple optimal consumption schedules for a consumer (follower), the consumer chooses an optimal schedule that is the most favorable for the electricity retailer (leader). However, this assumption is usually illegitimate in practice; as a result, consumers may easily deviate from their expected behavior during realization, and the retailer suffers significant losses. One way out is to solve the pessimistic variant instead, where the retailer prepares for the least favorable optimal responses from the consumers. The main contribution of the paper is an exact procedure for solving the pessimistic variant of the problem. First, key properties of optimal solutions are formally proven and efficiently solvable special cases are identified. Then, a detailed investigation of the optimistic and pessimistic variants of the problem is presented. It is demonstrated that the set of optimal consumption schedules typically contains various responses that are equal for the follower, but bring radically different profits for the leader. The main procedure for solving the pessimistic variant reduces the problem to solving the optimistic variant with slightly perturbed problem data. A numerical case study shows that the optimistic solution may perform poorly in practice, while the pessimistic solution gives very close to the highest profit that can be achieved theoretically. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this paper is the first to propose an exact solution approach for the pessimistic variant of the problem.
Biocompatibility of a HA/β-TCP/C Scaffold as a Pulp-Capping Agent for Vital Pulp Treatment: An In Vivo Study in Rat Molars
Authors: Guerrero-Gironés Julia , Alcaina-Lorente Antonia , Ortiz-Ruiz Clara , Ortiz-Ruiz Eduardo , Pecci-Lloret María P. , Ortiz-Ruiz Antonio José , Rodríguez-Lozano Francisco Javier , Pecci-Lloret Miguel R.
Published: April 2021

Bioceramic materials possess desirable biological properties, highlighting their non-reactivity and osteoconductivity. Their use has been extended in vital pulp treatment. The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the effects of beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP), hydroxyapatite (HA), and collagen (C) scaffold with mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) on the vital pulp of rat molars. Thirty-two molars of Sprague–Dawley rats underwent direct pulp capping with β-TCP/HA/C (n = 16) and MTA (n = 16). After 30 days, the following parameters were evaluated in the tested samples: the degree of pulp inflammation and pulp vitality, the presence of reparative dentin, the homogeneity of the odontoblastic layer, and the presence of pulp fibrosis. No statistically significant differences were observed between HA/β-TCP/C and MTA in terms of the degree of inflammation (p = 0.124). Significant differences were found in reparative dentin formation between the treatment groups (p = 0.0005). Dentin bridge formation was observed in the MTA-treated group. The local action of HA/β-TCP/C is similar to that of MTA when used as an agent for pulp vital treatment in terms of absence of inflammation and maintenance of pulp vitality, although there are significant differences between both materials regarding the formation of dentin bridges.
Effectiveness of Group vs. Individual Therapy to Decrease Peer Problems and Increase Prosociality in Children
Authors: Melero Silvia , Morales Alexandra , Espada José P. , Méndez Xavier , Orgilés Mireia
Published: April 2021

Emotional difficulties in children are often shown to be associated with peer problems and low prosocial behaviors. Super Skills for Life (SSL) is a transdiagnostic protocol for the prevention of emotional problems in children and has also obtained improvements of other comorbid symptoms. This study aimed at comparing the effects of SSL in reducing peer problems and increasing prosocial behaviors in children aged 8 to 12 years between the group and the individual modalities. For this purpose, 140 children (35% girls) received the program, 70 in group format and 70 in individual format, and were evaluated at the baseline, posttest, and after one year. Both modalities were effective in enhancing social relationships in children, although the individual modality showed more promising results. Children belonging to the individual modality group presented fewer peer problems (less social isolation and rejection, greater social acceptance, more friends) and greater prosocial behaviors (helping, empathy, kindness, and sharing) compared to children receiving the therapy in group modality, both in the short and in the long term. In conclusion, this study provides evidence of SSL protocol efficacy for improving children’s peer relationships and prosocial behaviors and encourages the implementation of transdiagnostic interventions in both clinical and educational settings.
Impact of Meteorological Conditions on the Dynamics of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Poland
Authors: Bochenek Bogdan , Jankowski Mateusz , Gruszczynska Marta , Nykiel Grzegorz , Gruszczynski Maciej , Jaczewski Adam , Ziemianski Michal , Pyrc Robert , Figurski Mariusz , Pinkas Jarosław
Published: April 2021

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by the novel coronavirus. The role of environmental factors in COVID-19 transmission is unclear. This study aimed to analyze the correlation between meteorological conditions (temperature, relative humidity, sunshine duration, wind speed) and dynamics of the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland. Data on a daily number of laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases and the number of COVID-19-related deaths were gatheredfrom the official governmental website. Meteorological observations from 55 synoptic stations in Poland were used. Moreover, reports on the movement of people across different categories of places were collected. A cross-correlation function, principal component analysis and random forest were applied. Maximum temperature, sunshine duration, relative humidity and variability of mean daily temperature affected the dynamics of the COVID-19 pandemic. An increase intemperature and sunshine hours decreased the number of confirmed COVID-19 cases. The occurrence of high humidity caused an increase in the number of COVID-19 cases 14 days later. Decreased sunshine duration and increased air humidity had a negative impact on the number of COVID-19-related deaths. Our study provides information that may be used by policymakers to support the decision-making process in nonpharmaceutical interventions against COVID-19.