bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of Heat Loss and Gas Radiation on Turbulent Natural Convection in an Enclosure
Authors: Moghaddam Hadi Ahmadi , Tkachenko Svetlana , Yeoh Guan Heng , Timchenko Victoria
Published: February 2025

The natural convection flow of air within a differentially heated cubic cavity (DHCC) has received considerable attention as a benchmark problem, owing to its relevance across various applications such as natural convection in solar chimneys or the natural ventilation of buildings. In this study, the Large Eddy Simulation (LES) technique was employed to scrutinize turbulent natural convection of both humid and dry air within a DHCC at a Rayleigh number of 1.58×109. The choice of the WALE sub-grid scale model over the Dynamic Smagorinsky-Lilly model stems from turbulence modelling results, indicating it necessitates up to 11% fewer computational resources. This is particularly noteworthy considering the inherently time-consuming nature of LES computations. After turbulence modelling, the role of small contents of water vapor in the thermal-fluid characteristics of the buoyant flow has been appraised. It was observed that the radiative properties of water vapor affect the flow features. It intensifies the buoyancy, and especially near the hot wall, increases the velocity peak and boundary layer thickness, but decreases the turbulent activities near the cold wall. Finally, the role of boundary conditions applied on the horizontal passive walls is explored. The LES results suggest that the type of boundary condition has noticeable impacts on the mean flow features and turbulence statistics with pronounced effects in the near-wall region. Applying highly conducting walls causes heat exchanges with the external ambient which in turn intensifies the buoyancy effects, increases turbulent activities, and brings unsteadiness to the flow downstream of the passive walls. The present findings indicate that precise modelling of both the BCs and air humidity is required to accurately assess fluid flow and heat transfer, and turbulent statistics, for natural convection flows in enclosed cavities.
Demographic characteristics of local populations of Linum flavum l. (Linaceae) in Penza region
Authors:   Secondary School No.71 of Penza, E. Surkova Oksana , A. Novikova Lyubov ,   Penza State University, N. Artemova Serafima ,   Penza State University
Published: February 2025

Background. Comparison of demographic indicators of local populations of theyellow flax plant Linum flavum L., rare for the Penza region, was aimed at assessing their current state as the basis for further monitoring and development of measures to protect the species to preserve the biodiversity of the Penza region. Materials and methods. Under the conditions of the protection regime (the natural monument “Urochische Cherdak”) and in the conditions of the restoration of steppe communities on fallow land (the Ukhtinsky steppes tract), the density, numbers, and ontogenetic structure of local populations of yellow flax were studied, as well as the phytocenotic location of the species and its contribution to the structure of communities at different stages restorative succession. Results. In the studied communities of true and meadow steppes, steppe and true meadows, Linum flavum forms a caudex facultative-root-sprouting biomorph. Shows traits of explerence. When the vegetation cover is highly dense, it acts as an assectator with a projective cover of 2–4 %; populations have a low density (2.5 pcs/m2). In disturbed communities it dominates and co-dominates (projective cover 20–25%), increasing the density by an order of magnitude dueto individuals of the pregenerative period. Ontogenetic spectra in both cases are two-peaked – with a maximum in juvenile and generative individuals; in weakly disturbed communities, the main contribution to the structure is made by mature and old generative individuals, and in fallows – by juvenile individuals (populations according to the “Δ – ω” classification are transitional and young, respectively). Conclusions. The current state of both local populations is stable. To preserve the population of Linum flavum and other rare species (Salvia verticillata, Senecio schvetzovii, Aster amellus, Gypsophila altissima) in the vicinity of the village. In Ukhtinka village it is rational to limit economic activity by organizing the natural monument “Ukhtinskiye stepi”.
The features of cyanobacterial-algal flora distribution within the mountain catena
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University, F. Pivovarova Zhanna , Z. Bagautdinova Zulfira ,   Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branchof the Russian Academy of Sciences, G. Blagodatnova Anastasiya ,   Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University
Published: February 2025

Background. The cyanobacterial-algal flora of the mountain systems in Siberia is still relatively poorly studied. Furthermore, there is a lack of research on the characteristics of its formation within mountain catena. The purpose of this study is to research the peculiarities of the formation of cyanobacterial-algal flora within mountain catena. Materials and methods. The research was conducted during the period of 2011–2013 in the vicinity of the village of Karam in the Kazachinsko-Lensky district of Irkutsk region, located within the North Baikal and Patom Highlands. In this area, a catena, approximately 600 meters long, has been identified. In the transeluvial part of the catena, there are outcrops of the parent rock as well as stony deposits. In the accumulative section, the micro-relief is almost not expressed, with well-defined two sinuosity – windward and lee. Sample collection was carried out according to the standard algological methodology. The flora analysis was conducted considering species and infraspecific taxa, using the Czekanowski-Sorensen coefficient and inclusion measures. Results. In total of 61 species (69 species and infraspecific taxa) of algae and cyanobacteria belonging to 6 divisions, 12 orders, 21 families, and 33 genera were found in the soils of the studied profile. A high percentage of the number of species within the top ten leading families indicates the boreal nature of the flora. The analysis of the flora indicated the allochthonous nature of the flora in the accumulated section of the catena and the autoch thony of the flora in the transeluvial part. Conclusions.The catena, as a geochemical drainage basin, with varying ecological conditions in its individual sections, significantly influences the formation of cyanobacterial-algal flora.
Changes in chlorophyll content in wheat leaves when changing the water regime
Authors:   Dagestan State Agrarian University named after M.M. Dzhambulatov, I. Arnautova Galina , S. Taimazova Narisat ,   Dagestan State Agrarian University named after M.M. Dzhambulatov, P. Tsakhuyeva Feruza ,   Dagestan State Agrarian University named after M.M. Dzhambulatov
Published: February 2025

Background. The pigment composition of plants is an indicator that determines the work of the photosynthetic apparatus of plants. The quantitative content of photosynthetic pigments during the growing season is a dynamically changing indicator. The purpose of the research was to study the content of chlorophyll and the strength of its bond with the protein lipid complex in the leaves of various varieties of winter wheat under various moisture con ditions. Materials and methods. The varieties of winter soft wheat zoned in the Republic of Dagestan were studied: Grom, Vassa, Bezostaya 1 (control). The experiments were carried out in two variants: I – cultivation of varieties with soil moisture of 80% PV; II–cultivation of varieties with soil moisture of 30% PV. Results. The content of total chlorophyll varied under conditions of insufficient moisture (30% PV) in the tube exit phase from 10.18 (Thun der) to 11.44 (Wassa) mg/g of dry matter. The increase in the total chlorophyll content in the developmental phase in the experiment of 30% humidification compared with the control (Non-stop 1) was 3.6% and 4.1% (Vassa). The level of strongly bound chlorophyll in the leaves of varieties in the experiment of 30% PV ranged from 3.78 (Thunder) to 10.67 (Wassa) mg/g of dry matter, and in the 80% PV variant, respectively, from 1,73 (Non-stop 1) to 10.35 (Wassa) mg/g of dry matter. The residual water deficiency of the leaves of the varieties varied under conditions of insufficient moisture (30 %) in the earing-flowering phase from 68.8% (Thunder) to 76.8% (Vassa), and under conditions of optimal moisture (80%) from 69.3% (Thunder) to 75.7% (Vassa). The leaves of the Vassa variety were the most resistant to mois ture loss in all phases of plant development. The leaves of the Grom variety are the least sta ble.The increase in the water retention capacity of leaves in the experience of insufficient moisture (30%) compared with the control (Non-stop 1) was 17.4% (Vassa) in the grain filling phase. The increase in the content of strongly bound chlorophyll compared with the control (Non stop 1) in all phases was shown by the Vassa variety. The largest increase in the content of the degree of ordered water in the experiment by 30% compared with the control (Non-stop 1) was shown by the Grom variety in the grain filling phase (16.1%), followed by the Vassa variety (13.8%). Conclusions. The Vassa variety shows the greatest resistance to lack of moisture. The leaves of plants of this variety, grown at 30% soil moisture, are characterized by a high water retention capacity, a high content of an ordered fraction of water, a good ability to resist dehydration compared with the control (Bezostaya 1) and the Grom variety.
Comparative In Silico and In Vitro Studies of Novel Zinc/Tin Metal Coordinates Bearing BRCA-1 Mimetics on Wtp53 and Mtp53 Proteins
Authors: Negi Preeya , Swaroop Akey Krishna , Singh Anuj Kumar , Saranya R. , Esakkimuthukumar M. , Raj P. Vasanth , Jawahar N. , Jubie S.
Published: February 2025

Purpose:

This study compares the activity of BRCA-1 mimetics on WTp53 (wild-type
p53 protein) and MTp53 (mutated-type p53 protein) proteins, examining the impact of TP53
mutations in breast cancer. p53 activators can be a new insight and synthesis of effective
compounds for the treatment of cancer. The project contributes to the growing body of research on
p53 activators and provides new insights into the design and synthesis of effective compounds for
the treatment of cancer.

Methods:

Molecular docking predicted binding affinity values for WTp53 and MTp53. The MMGBSA
of top compounds was run to get binding-free energies. The MD simulations were
calculated, and six metal coordinates were synthesized. In vitro MTT-assays were performed with
WTp53 (MCF-7) and R273H-MTp53 (MDA-MB-468) cell lines, comparing results with known
p53 activator PRIMA-1 (p53-reactivation and induction of massive apoptosis-1).

Results:

The p53 activators established a three-featured (2RA, 1HBA) pharmacophore. The
designed compounds had better Glide gscore compared to p53 activators PRIMA-1, PRIMA-1-
MET (methylated PRIMA-1), and Tamoxifen with p53 protein (WTp53, R175H and R273H
MTp53). The MM-GBSA results of top compounds showed binding free energies with R175HMTp53
(-22.24 to -75.45 kcal/mol), R273H-MTp53 (-22.8 to -36.36 kcal/mol), and WTp53 (-26.45
to -50.3 kcal/mol) compared to the p53 activator. The MD simulation of TSCO5/3KMD-MT in 100
ns indicated a stable complex when compared to TSCO5/3KMD-WT. The six metal coordinates
(TSCO5-Zn, TSCO6-Zn, TSCO6-Sn, TSCO13-Zn, TSCO13-Sn, TSCO9-Sn) were synthesised.
Based on in vitro results, IC50 for TSCO5-Zn (WTp53: 0.089μM, MTp53: 0.074μM) and TSCO5-
Sn (WTp53: 0.092μM, MTp53: 0.073μM) have shown significant cytotoxicity.

Conclusion:

As compared to PRIMA-1, the designed compound TSCO5 metal coordinates have
shown good in silico and in vitro activity on mutated p53 cell lines and are more potent than the
p53 activator PRIMA-1.
Single Cell RNA Sequencing in Colorectal Cancer Immunology: Recent Updates, Application, and Emerging Challenges
Authors: George Sabrina , Johdi Nor Adzimah
Published: February 2025

Colorectal cancer poses a major global health issue, profoundly affecting
both mortality and morbidity rates across the world. A key obstacle in understanding
the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer lies in its high inter-patient and spatial
heterogeneity, making standard treatments ineffective. Commonly, the study on
colorectal cancer relies on bulk RNA sequencing, offering an average gene expression
profile for a heterogenous cell population. However, this approach obscures the
heterogeneous characteristics of the cancer cells and hinders a comprehensive
understanding of the complex interplay among different cell populations. Recently, the
advent of single-cell RNA sequencing has been revolutionary, enabling researchers to
analyze individual immune cells and overcome the limitations of bulk RNA sequencing.
Through single-cell RNA sequencing, researchers have gained insights into the
dynamic nature of the immune response to cancer and potential targets for
immunotherapy. In this review, we discuss the technical aspects of single-cell RNA
sequencing, the application of single-cell RNA sequencing in cancer immunology, and
the potential of single-cell RNA in clinical settings. We believe that harnessing singlecell
RNA sequencing in cancer research holds immense potential to drive the
development of personalized immunotherapies, aiming to improve patient outcomes in
colorectal cancer.
Facile CeO2 Nanoparticles Catalysed the Synthesis of a Series of 2,4,5- Trisubstituted Imidazole Derivatives and their DFT Studies for NLO Application
Authors: Y. Surendranaik , Venkatesh Talavara , E. Jayachandu M.
Published: February 2025

aims:

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background:

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objective:

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method:

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result:

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conclusion:

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other:

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Parental Knowledge and Attitudes Towards Antibiotic Resistance in Children: A Review Article
Authors: Masadeh Majd , Harun Sabariah Noor , Mukattash Tareq , Alrabadi Nasr
Published: February 2025

Antibiotic misuse among children continues to be one of the major critical public
health issues worldwide, particularly in developing countries such as Jordan. Incorrect antibiotic
use is hugely influenced by parents' knowledge and attitudes on the subject at hand. This review,
therefore, seeks to establish the current state of parental knowledge and attitudes toward antibiotics
in Jordanian children, with particular emphasis on those gaps in awareness and knowledge
that underpin the inappropriate use of antibiotics. Despite prescription regulations, many still depend
on over-the-counter purchases, usually due to misconceptions about the efficiency of antibiotics
in viral infections or a lack of insight into the risks of misuse. The results strongly suggest
that focused educational programs are needed to improve parents’ knowledge of prudent antibiotic
use. It integrated an analysis of the socio-cultural factors affecting parental decisions and recommended
improvising the public health strategies in their fight against antibiotic resistance. The
study concluded that emphasis must be laid on both regulatory enforcement and public awareness
about appropriate antibiotic use in pediatric care to bring about better health outcomes in Jordanian
children.
Li Qi Huo Xue Di Wan Attenuates Cardiac and Lung Injury in Mice Exposed to Hypoxia Through Suppression of Apoptosis
Authors: Zhang Yi-Yue , Zhuang Chang-Long , Tang Can , Dou Qi-Ling , Luo Xiu-Ju , Peng Jun
Published: February 2025

Background:

Li Qi Huo Xue Di Wan (LQHXDW), a traditional Chinese medicine, is
used to treat patients with the symptoms of palpitations, chest tightness, chest pain, and shortness
of breath. It is not known, however, whether LQHXDW can reduce high-altitude hypoxia-induced
cardiopulmonary injury, what are the specific active ingredients, and what is the exact mechanism
behind its cardiopulmonary protection.

Objectives:

This study intends to investigate the effect of LQHXDW on hypoxia-induced cardiopulmonary
injury and the underlying mechanisms.

Methods:

The components of LQHXDW were identified by UPLC-QTOF-MS. The potential targets
of LQHXDW against high-altitude hypoxia were screened via network pharmacology. Mice
were subjected to an animal hypoxic chamber for 5 days to establish a high-altitude hypoxia animal
model. Rat heart-derived H9c2 cells and human pulmonary artery endothelial cells (HPAECs)
were cultured in glucose-free medium under hypoxic conditions (O2/N2/CO2, 3/92/5) for 72 h to
mimic the high-altitude hypoxia in vivo.

Results:

Compounds detected in LQHXDW were mainly categorized into ten major groups, and
143 targets of LQHXDW were overlapped with the targets of high-altitude hypoxia. These common
targets were closely related to apoptosis and inflammation pathways. In mice exposed to hypoxia,
LQHXDW reduced cardiac and lung injury, decreased inflammatory responses, and improved
cardiac function. For instance, the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was improved
by 20% (p<0.05), and left ventricular fractional shortening (LVFS) was increased by 10%
(p<0.05) in LQHXDW-treated mice. in vitro, LQHXDW elevated cell viability by 25% (p<0.01)
and reduced cell apoptosis by 10% (p<0.01) in cultured cardiomyocytes and pulmonary artery endothelial
cells exposed to hypoxia. Mechanistically, LQHXDW inhibited the activities of caspase-
8 and caspase-3 by 40% (p<0.01), thereby preventing cardiopulmonary apoptosis in cardiomyocytes
and pulmonary artery endothelial cells exposed to hypoxia.

Conclusion:

LQHXDW can be used as a potential inhibitor of apoptosis for treating high-altitude
hypoxia. This study provided a clue for future studies to identify the exact active components of
LQHXDW for targeting the pathways of apoptosis.
Concentración de nitratos y fosfatos en el río Cesar entre Zambrano (La Guajira) y las Pitillas (Cesar)
Authors: Ospino Jiménez Jean Carlos , Téllez Luna María Isabel , Perdomo Useche Yessica Lorena , Plata Alfaro Néstor Feliciano , Gómez Gómez Javier Alexander
Published: February 2025

Contextualización: las actividades antropogénicas influyen en el ciclo de nitrógeno y fósforo en aguas superficiales, siendo un problema ambiental significativo.
Vacío de conocimiento: en la actualidad, no existen investigaciones que aborden el estudio de los iones de NO3- (Nitratos) y PO43- (Fosfatos) mediante métodos espectrofotométricos en la cuenca del río Cesar.
Propósito: esta investigación, estudió las concentraciones de NO3- y PO43- en el río Cesar, entre Zambrano (La Guajira) y Las Pitillas (Cesar), durante estaciones lluviosas y secas.
Metodología: se utilizaron métodos espectrofotométricos para detección de NO3- y PO43-
Resultados y conclusiones: la concentración de NO3- osciló entre 0.460 ± 044 mg.L-1 en San Juan y 1.182 ±  0.032 mg.L-1 en Salguero en la estación lluviosa, mientras que la estación seca fluctuaron entre 0.936± 0.151 mg.L-1 en Zambrano y 1.865 ± 0.150 mg.L-1 en Las Pitillas. En cuanto a PO43-, los valores oscilaron entre 1.514 ± 0.022 mg.L-1 en San Juan y 2.739 ± 0.022 mg.L-1 en Salguero en la estación lluviosa, mientras que la estación seca variaron entre 2.405 ± 0.156 mg.L-1 en San Juan y 5.553 ± 0.143 mg.L-1 en Salguero. Comparando con los límites establecidos por la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS, 2004), solo en Salguero (5.553 ± 0.143 mg.L-1) superó el valor permisible para PO43- durante la estación seca. El Índice de Contaminación por Nutrientes (NPI) indicó una contaminación moderada en Salguero en la estación seca. Finalmente, la cuenca del río Cesar estudiada no presenta riesgo de eutrofización atribuible a las actividades antropogénicas en la zona.
FROM HAE CHAN TO HAIKAL: LOCALIZATION OF K-POP IDOL NAMES IN TWITTERATURE
Authors: Naura Mukti Larasati  , Amala Nadhifa  , Amanda Putri Vebya  , Pyeonggang Choi
Published: February 2025

Alternate Universe (AU) on Twitter employs public figures such as K-pop idols as characters and localized their names. K-pop idols already possess global appeal, but localization helps integrate these figures into regional or cultural contexts, making stories resonate deeply with local audiences. Name localization in this context is about adapting names to fit different languages and cultures. This research aims to investigate the localization of a K-pop idol’s names in the context AU based Twiterrature in X platform, formerly Twitter. The focus is to see how localization of K-pop idol names is applied in Twitterature, addresses a significant gap in existing studies by exploring the intersection of localization strategies. To analyze it we used localization based on Lyons (1977), the idea that spatial expressions are more essential, grammatically and semantically than non-spatial expressions. In this context, spatial expressions are the different strategies used to localize each K-pop generation. In order to localize, name translation could be expressed through aleatory and intentional techniques. To analyze the data we used Spradley 4 step technique; domain analysis, taxonomy analysis, componential analysis, and cultural theme analysis. The primary findings in this research indicate that the author's choice of names was frequently influenced by random or arbitrary factors rather than a systematic or thematic rationale. This study aims to enhance understanding of how localization strategies function in Twitterature, specifically in adapting global cultural figures like K-pop idols into localized and culturally relevant stories.
In vivo evaluations of the antidiabetic and antioxidant effects of Olea europaea L. (Chemlali variety) leaves
Authors: Tlili Mohammed , Alia Fatma , Bahri Embarka , Beyat Teber , Redouan Karima , Lanez Elhafnaoui
Published: February 2025

This study is conducted to evaluate the antidiabetic and antioxidant
activities of an aqueous extract of olive leaves (Olea europaea L.)
cultivated in the El-Oued region (South-eastern Algeria). Quantitative
analysis of polyphenol and flavonoid contents, as well as assessments of
antioxidant activity using DPPH?, FRAP, and total antioxidant capacity
methods, in addition to the antidiabetic activity were performed. The total
contents of polyphenols and flavonoids were found to be 13.7?0.14 mg GAE g
of extract and 3.51?0.14 mg QuE g of extract, respectively. In terms of
antioxidant activity, the extract demonstrated significant inhibitory
effects, with an IC50 value of 23.08?0.12 ?g/mL for DPPH?, an EC0.5 value of
37.7?0.05 ?g/mL for FRAP, and a total antioxidant capacity of 36.7?0.45 ?g
AAE/g extract. Diabetes was induced in Wistar albino rats through
intraperitoneal injections of alloxan, resulting hyperglycemia,
hypercholesterolemia, elevated urea levels, and a depletion in total
cholesterol. Administration of an aqueous extract of olive leaves (Olea
europaea L.) at a dosage of 200 mg/kg body weight per day over a period of
three weeks led to significant reductions in serum glucose and cholesterol
levels, and urea concentrations. This study demonstrates that the aqueous
extract of Olea europaea L. from the El-Oued region exhibits notable
antidiabetic and antioxidant properties.
Investigation of the Origanum majorana L. extract and bacillus pulimus probiotics in modulating cortisol and alleviating anxiety in rat model
Authors: Benine Chaima , Laiche Touhami , Mansouri Amira , Zoubeidi Djihad
Published: February 2025

This study investigates a natural remedy for anxiety and depression using
Origanum majorana L. plant extract and Bacillus pumilus probiotic bacteria
in a preclinical rat model. The ingredients were sourced from the El-Oued
region. A hydroethanolic extract was prepared from the aerial parts of O.
majorana, yielding 24.05%. Phytochemical analysis revealed high levels of
polyphenols (98.97 ? 0.007 mg GAE/gE) and flavonoids (55.61 ? 0.004 mg
QE/gE). Antioxidant activity was assessed using the FRAP and DPPH assays,
demonstrating significant activity with IC50 DPPH and EC50 FRAP values of
4.256 ? 1.416 ?g/mL and 1.234 ? 0.389 mg/g, respectively. This antioxidant
potential strongly correlated with the polyphenol and flavonoid content.
Behavioral tests, including the forced swimming test and the elevated plus
maze test, showed improved stress and anxiety responses in mice treated with
both O. majorana extract and probiotics. Additionally, cortisol level
measurements indicated reduced stress in the treated groups. These
preclinical findings suggest that this natural preparation may serve as a
promi-sing future treatment for anxiety and depression.
The impact of a one-year physical and health education program on the psychophysical development of students
Authors: Milenkovic Dejan , Zubic Ivana , Nikic Natasa , Radonjic Jasmina
Published: February 2025

The Physical education of schoolchildren is necessary for strengthening their
psychophysical health, developing physical abilities, and gaining
appropriate knowledge in sports, i.e. achieving a high standard in the
processing of teaching content. The aim of the research was to determine the
impact of a one-year physical and health education program on the physical
abilities, sports skills, and quality of life of seventh and eighth grade
primary school students. The sample included 128 students aged 13-14 years.
Three tests were conducted, at the beginning, halfway through and at the end
of the school year. The Modified Agility ?T? test, Illinois Agility Run
Test, 10x5 Shuttle Test, Standing Balance Test, and 2-Minute Step in Place
Test were used to test physical abilities. Sports skills were assessed using
soccer, basketball, volleyball and handball polygons. The Pediatric Quality
of Life InventoryTM (PedsQL) was used to assess the level of quality of
life. Statistically significant changes were found in most physical ability
tests, in all team sports polygons, as well as in the level of quality of
life of students (p<0.05). It can be concluded that the physical and health
education program contributed to positive changes in the psychophysical
development of children. Given that the efficiency of organizing the
physical education process is associated with the diagnostics of the level
of psychophysical abilities, basic motor and sports skills, a constant
evaluation of the state of readiness and knowledge of students and their
satisfaction with the pedagogical process is required.
Vocalismo atono finale ed armonia vocalica nel dialetto di San Nicola da Crissa (VV): analisi sincronica e ipotesi di sviluppo diacronico
Authors: Teti Stefano
Published: February 2025

Die vorliegende Studie untersucht den auslautenden Vokalismus des kalabrischen Dialekts von San Nicola da Crissa, ein kleines Dorf in der Provinz Vibo Valentia. Dieses System unterscheidet sich vom sizilianischen Typ /ɪ a ʊ/, der für die extremen südlichen Dialekte charakteristisch ist. Das Sannicolesische hatte wie andere moderne Dialekte in dieser Zone vier Auslautvokale (/ɪ ε a ʊ/), entwickelte darauf aber eine progressive Vokalhöhenharmonie. Das Resultat ist ein komplexes System mit fünf phonetischen Vokalen [ɪ ε a ɔ ʊ]. Die hier präsentierten Daten stammen aus Interviews (freie Rede, gelenkte Interviews, Fragebogen, etc.), die mit elf Gewährspersonen durchgeführt worden sind. Der Artikel illustriert zunächst die elektroakustischen Daten sowie die phonologischen, morphologischen und lexikalischen Regeln der Vokalharmonie. Darauf wird auf den Kontakt zwischen zwei Dialektgebieten und das Ungleichgewicht zwischen den vorderen Vokalen /ɪ ε/ und dem einzigen hinteren Vokal /ʊ/ als mögliche Gründe für den Beginn der Innovation eingegangen. Abschliessend wird die Vokalharmonie des Sannicolesischen aus typologischer Perspektive analysiert.
On Ogier le Danois's legend and the document of Oulx
Authors: Barachini Giorgio
Published: February 2025

Questo articolo si occupa delle fonti della leggenda di Ogier le Danois, a partire dal documento di Oulx scoperto dal Prof. G. A. Beckmann nel 2004. Il primo scopo di questo saggio è quello di riesaminare il documento, nel quale tra i testimoni leggiamo il nome (o i nomi) di Otgerius spata. g. curta, e di fornirne un’analisi cronologica, storica e filologica al fine di valutarne l’affidabilità nella discussione sulle origini della leggenda di Ogier. Il secondo intento dell’articolo riguarda l’uso di tale documento (o più in generale, di documenti tardi) per dimostrare l’esistenza di una tradizione orale nella poesia epica romanza, in particolare nella leggenda di Ogier. In molti casi tali documenti sono dubbi intrinsecamente ed estrinsecamente. In questo modo, concentrandosi sul/sui racconto/i riguardanti Ogier, l’articolo riflette sulla tradizione epica romanza e sulle sue interpretazioni divergenti.
Tornare al testo per diradare il «fumo»: alcune note sul prologo del Chevalier de la charrette
Authors: Barbieri Luca
Published: February 2025

Cette contribution analyse le prologue du Chevalier de la charrette de Chrétien de Troyes à partir d’un nouvel examen philologique de la tradition manuscrite. Les nombreuses hypothèses interprétatives antérieures sont reprises et évaluées sur la base de leur conformité au texte résultant de l’analyse philologique et de la reconstruction du haut degré d’élaboration rhétorique.
Az agresszív, dühös és megtorló közúti magatartásmódok pszichológiai hátterének egyes aspektusai
Authors: Hőgye-Nagy Ágnes , Varró Gabriella , Bernáth Ágnes
Published: February 2025

A cikk a közúti viselkedések (agresszió, düh, megtorlás stb.) megjelenését és facilitáló tényezőit foglalja össze, és áttekinti a nemzetközi szakirodalomban legtöbbet kutatott egyéni jellemzőket. A személyiségvonások mellett a demográfiai jellemzők és társas hatások szerepét is bemutatják.
Influence of current harmonic on electromagnetic force and forced vibration in converter-fed Canned Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors
Authors: Zhou Shuhao , Li Ming , Wang Rong , Lun Shuxian
Published: February 2025

Canned Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors (CPMSMs) are essential components in vacuum pump systems. The stator can of CPMSMs is susceptible to deformation due to thermal stress and high-frequency harmonic electromagnetic force, leading to potential failure. When the CPMSMs are powered by an inverter power supply, it introduces time harmonic current, exacerbating the thermal stress and harmonic electromagnetic force of the system. Thus, this paper analyzes the effects of low-order current harmonics on the electromagnetic force and forced vibration of the stator can. The analytical formulation for the radial electromagnetic force of the CPMSM is obtained, taking into account the influence of harmonic current. Afterwards, the finite element model was established to investigate the space and time harmonic characteristics of the magnetic field and electromagnetic force of the stator can, and its validity was confirmed through testing on a motor test platform. Finally, modal analysis of the stator can under rated conditions and investigation of mechanical deformation induced by electromagnetic force are carried out through harmonic response analysis. This establishes a theoretical basis for improving the reliability and sealing performance of CPMSMs used in pumps.
Human Dignity as an Intrinsic Value of the Ius Gentium. Some Considerations on Individual Opinions to ICJ Decisions by Judge Antônio Augusto Cançado Trindade
Authors: Bureš Pavel
Published: February 2025

The phenomenon of human dignity is very much present in differnt theoretical studies and scholar papers mostly devoted to human rights area. Similarly, the concept of human dignity is used as reference to value or principle by different adjudicative bodies on municipal or international level. This paper aims to present some tiny puzzle part theoretically constructed on individual opinions by Judge Antônio Augusto Cançado-Trindade, which were joint to judgments and decisions adopted by the International Court of Justice during his mandates from 2009 to 2022. Human dignity, or broadly perceived as the principle of humanity has been used by Judge Cançado-Trindade on many occasions and in a variety of areas of international law going form the law of treaties to the law of the protection of cultural heritage. Four distinct areas have been selected out of Cançado-Trindade’s individual opinions that shows how and to what extent human dignity revives specific concepts of international law: reparations, administration of justice, people-centred look on international law, inter-generational natural and cultural heritage.
Cross-layer DDoS attack detection in wireless mesh networks using deep learning algorithm
Authors: Gankotiya Anil Kumar , Kumar Vishal , Vaisla Kunwar Singh
Published: February 2025

Wireless mesh networks (WMNs), owing to its decentralized design and resource limitations, are susceptible to several security vulnerabilities, including distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks. Traditional DDoS detection techniques are usually unable to effectively mitigate such attacks in WMNs due to their dynamic and complex nature. In this work, we show the capability of a Deep Convolutional Neural Network (DCNN) algorithm at the cross-layer of the network protocol stack to accurately and robustly detect Distributed Denial-of-Service (DDoS) attacks in WMNs. DDoS attack assessment and recognition use a practical dataset varying standard actions such as end-to-end delay, energy consumption, packet delivery ratio, mean packet latency, detection ratio, and packet loss rate when using the CICDDoS2019 dataset. The result shows the proposed method’s strong performance compared to previous detection methods. The simulation results show DCNN-DDoS has a better detection ratio metric than D-ConCReCT, SVM-DoS, FSO-LSTM, HeltIoT-CNNIDS, and AIDS-HML, which grew by 78.12%, 38.54%, 22.8%, 16.33%, and 15.67% respectively. DCNN-DDoS has exhibited superior performance compared to other essential methods, which is evident from the empirical results, which have higher levels of accuracy.
Media in Power: Media Actors in Ukranian Legislative Body and Zelensky’s Phenomenon
Authors: Stoiko Olena
Published: February 2025

The role of the media and its representatives has grown significantly due to mediatisation, which is especially evident in periods of weakening political institutions. In Ukraine, the Orange Revolution (2004) and the Revolution of Dignity (2013) opened the way to politics for an increasing number of media actors, which made it possible to analyse their legislative activities in 2006–2019 to define domination media or political logic. The ascension of new political figures in 2019, led by V. Zelenskyy and his Servant of the People party, can only be partially attributed to mediatisation and populism.
Rancang Bangun Mesin Computer Numerical Control Plasma Arc Cutting 3 Sumbu Dengan Controller Mach 3
Authors: Putra I Kadek Dana , Chandra Dimas Surya Aldi , Nata Agus Surya Mahendra , Partha Cokorde Gede Indra , Agung I Gusti Agung Putu Raka
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini menyelidiki tentang perancangan mesin CNC dengan controller MACH 3 dan floating sumbu Z untuk meningkatkan efisiensi dan presisi dalam proses pemotongan plat besi, terutama untuk pembuatan badan mesin laundry di Adhi Teknik, sebuah UMKM di Bali. Metodologi penelitian meliputi observasi dan eksperimen yang dilakukan di Workshop Adhi Teknik dan Laboratorium Program Studi Teknik Elektro. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa mesin CNC yang dirancang mampu bekerja maksimal dengan akurasi pergerakan tinggi dengan nilai error sebesar 0.00315% hingga 0.0125%. Penggunaan energi listrik mesin CNC yang diuji pada benda kerja plat stainless 304 dengan ketebalan 1 mm memiliki rata-rata sebesar 104 hingga 718 Wh pada sistem kontrol plasma dan kompresor. Nilai error pemotongan plat berkisar antara 0% hingga 0,266% untuk pola dasar dan 0,66% hingga 0,518% untuk pola tambahan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, mesin CNC yang dirancang berhasil meningkatkan efisiensi dan presisi pemotongan. Pengembangan lebih lanjut dapat dilakukan dengan pembuatan rangka knockdown, penggunaan hard gear, inverter blowback, dan penambahan bak air.
Analisis Pengaruh Beban Lebih Terhadap Efisiensi Dan Torsi Pada Motor Induksi 3 Fasa
Authors: Sartika Linda , Saputro Muhamad bahrul Adi , Prasetia Abdul Muis
Published: February 2025

Motor induksi 3 fasa merupakan jenis motor yang banyak digunakan di industri karena memiliki keunggulan dari segi biaya, dimensi, dan daya tahan yang baik. Meskipun motor induksi 3 fasa memiliki banyak keunggulan dalam hal torsi, dan efisiensi yang tinggi, namun ada beberapa faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi kinerjanya, salah satunya adalah beban lebih pada motor induksi. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh beban terhadap nilai torsi dan efisiensi motor induksi 3 fasa. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah hasil pengujian motor induksi 3 fasa berdasarkan nilai variasi torsi beban. Hasil keseluruhan disajikan dalam bentuk perhitungan berbasis Matlab M-file. Berdasarkan hasil analisis peningkatan beban memberi pengaruh terhadap nilai torsi yang mengakibatkan daya output meningkat dan berdampak pada efisiensi motor. Pada beban 75% torsi motor bernilai 1,11 Nm, daya output 162,8 W, dan nilai efisiensi 41,91 %. Pada beban 100% torsi motor bernilai 1,22 Nm, daya output 177,7 W, dan nilai efisiensi 38,41%.  Pada beban 125% torsi motor bernilai 1,31 Nm, daya output 186,0 W, dan nilai efisiensi 35,94%. Penelitian ini mengonfirmasi bahwa kondisi beban optimal untuk motor induksi berada pada kisaran 75%.
Analisis Investasi PLTS 8 kWp On-Grid Pada Bangunan Apartemen Pariwisata di Bali
Authors: Murti Ananda Sri , Kumara I.N.S. , Ariastina W.G.
Published: February 2025

Potensi Energi Baru terbarukan (EBT) di Indonesia tergolong sangat tinggi sehingga pemerintah berkomitmen untuk melakukan transisi energi menuju energi bersih dengan target bauran 23% pada tahun 2025 yang tertuang dalam RUEN. Salah satu EBT yang paling mudah untuk dikembangkan dan dibangun saat ini adalah Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Surya (PLTS). Namun sampai tahun 2022, porsi bauran EBT baru mencapai 12,3% dan khusus PLTS dengan potensi sebesar 200 GW yang tersebar di seluruh Indonesia namun pemanfaatannya masih kurang dari 300 MW. Menurut data siaran pers ESDM 2023 menunjukkan kapasitas terpasang untuk PLTS tahun 2022 baru mencapai 271,6 MWp. Kondisi ini juga diperparah oleh perubahan regulasi terkait pemasangan PLTS, khususnya PLTS Atap dimana beberapa poin insentif dihilangkan sehingga investasi yang dilakukan menjadi kurang menarik di mata masyarakat. Oleh sebab itu Penelitian ini penting dilakukan untuk mengetahui regulasi PLTS mana yang bisa memberikan solusi yang saling menguntungkan baik bagi pemerintah serta masyarakat dalam hal meningkatkan bauran energi terbarukan serta dampak investasi yang dirasakan. Penelitian ini menggunakan PLTS terpasang sebesar 8 kWp on-grid yang terletak di Desa Tumbak Bayuh, Badung sebagai studi kasus penelitian. Selanjutnya dilakukan pengumpulan data untuk melakukan kelayakan investasi dari pembangunan PLTS Atap tersebut menggunakan 3 skenario regulasi yaitu Permen ESDM No 48 tahun 2018, Permen ESDM No 26 Tahun 2021, dan Permen ESDM No 2 Tahun 2024. Metode yang dipakai dalam menilai kelayakan investasi adalah Net Present Value, Internal Rate of Return, Benefit Cost Ratio, dan Payback Period. Hasil akhir menunjukkan bahwa Permen ESDM No 26 Tahun 2021 memberikan kelayakan investasi yang paling menarik yaitu dengan PP tercepat selama 5,7 Tahun, IRR sebesar 16,18%, NPV sebesar Rp. 162.920.001, dan nilai BCR sebesar 1,63. Namun regulasi Permen ESDM No 48 tahun 2018 layak untuk dipertimbangkan karena memberikan hasil investasi yang mendekati sama untuk nilai BCR dan IRR pada Permen ESDM No 26 Tahun 2021 serta mampu memberikan solusi yang saling menguntungkan baik bagi pemerintah serta masyarakat.
Simulasi Jaringan 5G Broadcast Low Power Low Tower (LPLT) Menggunakan Metode K-Means Clustering Studi Kasus Provinsi Bali
Authors: Nussan Sadewa Putra , Zulkifli Fitri Yuli
Published: February 2025

Pertumbuhan jumlah total data yang ditransmisikan melalui jaringan seluler secara global naik secara sangat signifikan terutama untuk konten video dengan perkiraan akan mencapai 227 Exabyte (EB) per bulan pada tahun 2027. Data ini yang menjadi latar belakang teknologi penyiaran berbasis video terus dikembangkan agar bisa menangkap peluang pertumbuhan akan konsumsi konten video yang sangat pesat tersebut dan berfokus kepada sasaran audiens dengan mode penerimaan mobile seperti smartphone. Teknologi baru yang dianggap dapat memenuhi kebutuhan tersebut adalah 5G Broadcast. Pada penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang jaringan LTE Based - 5G Broadcast dengan jaringan pemancar Low Power Low Tower (LPLT) pada salah satu Wilayah Layanan TV Digital di Indonesia. Dilakukan perancangan serta simulasi LTE-Based 5G Broadcast di Provinsi Bali dengan menggunakan pendekatan jaringan LPLT dengan memanfaatkan menara BTS milik operator selular eksisting. Skenario-1, dipilih lokasi pemancar 5G Broadcast dengan ketentuan Inter Site Distance (ISD) lebih dari 3km sehingga didapatkan 292 pemancar terpilih. Skenario-2 dilakukan dengan menggunakan algoritma K-Means Clustering dan pemancar 5G Broadcast akan dipilih 1 pemancar dengan kriteria posisi antena tertinggi dari masing-masing klaster. Simulasi menggunakan perangkat lunak CHIRplus_BC yang dibuat berdasarkan dari rekomendasi, laporan, dan publikasi ITU-R terbaru. Dari hasil simulasi menggunakan CHIRplus_BC, Skenario-2 (K-Means Clustering) lebih baik dalam hal cakupan populasi pada semua Reception Mode dan Location Probability bila dibandingkan dengan hasil simulasi Skenario-1 (ISD > 3km) dengan menggunakan jumlah pemancar yang sama yaitu 292 pemancar LPLT. Namun dalam hal Coverage Area, Skenario-1 ISD > 3km cenderung mencakup luas area yang lebih besar bila dibandingkan dengan Skenario-2 (K-Means Clustering).
Development of Quality Identification of Granules based on Flow Time using Infrared Proximity Sensor and Arduino
Authors: Fadlil Abdul , Riadi Imam , Yusmianto Ferry
Published: February 2025

Abstract— The evaluation of granule quality before mixing into tablets includes testing moisture content, static angle, compressibility, and flow rate. Good flowability is essential for granules intended for tablet compression, as it facilitates smooth compression and ensures uniform mold filling, impacting the consistency of tablet weight and active ingredient content. Granule flow rate is measured based on the time required for a certain amount of granules to flow through a funnel, with a good flow time standard being under 10 seconds or 10 g/second. Traditional methods use a stopwatch to measure flow rate, but this study introduces an automated system based on an infrared proximity sensor and Arduino for more accurate and efficient results. Experiments were conducted with two types of granules, red and white, to test this tool’s performance. Based on measurement results, the Arduino-based tool showed a low error rate compared to the stopwatch, with an average of 1.28% for red granules and 1.03% for white granules. These findings demonstrate that this automated system can reliably measure granule flow rate, improve accuracy, and reduce the potential for manual error.
Sistem Mandiri Energi Pada Alat Deteksi Total Suspended Particulate
Authors: Gunawan Muhammad Rifki , Andang Asep , Aripin Aripin
Published: February 2025

Sistem IoT banyak yang bergantung pada energi fosil. Oleh karena itu dengan penelitian ini di kembangkanlah Sistem Mandiri Energi pada Alat Deteksi TSP yaitu sistem IoT monitoring yang mampu memenuhi energinya sendiri tanpa energi PLN. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu membuat sistem monitoring TSP yang mampu memenuhi energinya sendiri selama 24 jam, Penelitian terdiri dari pengumpulan Alat dan bahan, pembuatan dan perakitan sistem pengujian unit, pengujian Mandiri energi pengujian pengiriman data partikulat secara nirkabel. Sistem terdiri dari node, Gateway, sensor DHT22, sensor SEN1077, sensor anemometer, sensor arah angin, baterai  dan mppt. Rata rata energi yang di hasilkan selama pengujian 65,3WH, energi yang dihasilkan tiap harinya. Cendrung berbeda karena fluktuasi iradiasi matahari yang tidak konstan. Dalam pengiriman data secara nirkabel ke aplikasi android, data yang diterima sama dengan data yang dikirim hanya saja ada keterlambatan dalam pengiriman data yaitu kurang dari satu detik. Berdasarkan pengujian mandiri energi, diperoleh terjadi selisih energi pada beberapa pengujian, sistem tetap mampu beroperasi secara mandiri tanpa energi PLN, dikarenakan adanya energi cadangan. Dalam penelitian, sistem berhasil memenuhi energinya sendiri tetapi sistem perlu manajemen pengiriman data sehingga sistem dapat berjalan secara jangka panjang.
Perancangan Deteksi Cacat Pada Layer Solar Cell Menggunakan Sensor Tegangan Static Permukaan Berbasis Bluetooth
Authors: Alfanz Rocky , Muttaqin Imamul , Carol Juan
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini menyoroti penggunaan panel surya sebagai sumber energi terbarukan yang menjanjikan karena ketersediaan energi matahari yang melimpah. Namun, sel surya sering menghadapi berbagai masalah dan kerusakan seperti retak, kerusakan saat pengiriman, dan cacat tidak terlihat yang sulit dideteksi. Untuk mengatasi masalah ini, penelitian ini mengembangkan alat pendeteksi cacat pada sel photovoltaic menggunakan sensor potensial permukaan yang terhubung dengan Bluetooth. Sensor ini bekerja dengan mendeteksi medan elektrostatis pada permukaan sel surya menggunakan pelat tembaga. Alat ini terdiri dari beberapa komponen, termasuk modul amplifier AD620 untuk memperkuat sinyal, Arduino UNO sebagai mikrokontroler, dan Bluetooth HC-05 untuk mengirimkan data ke ponsel Android melalui aplikasi Arduino Bluetooth Controller. Pada pengujian akurasi alat dengan input power supply menggunakan 3 jarak yang berbeda, yaitu 1 mm, 3 mm, dan 5 mm. Pada jarak 1 mm menghasilkan pengukuran yang lebih baik dan stabil, yaitu memiliki nilai voltage 3,45V s.d. 3,69V. Sedangkan pada jarak 3 mm menghasilkan tegangan 3,31V s.d. 3,54V dan pada jarak 5 mm menghasilkan tegangan 2,76V s.d. 2,99V. Pada pengujian alat di bawah sinar matahari dengan jarak 1 mm, nilai voltage sel normal rata-rata adalah 3,534 V, sedangkan nilai sel yang rusak adalah 3,685 V, menunjukkan perbedaan sebesar 0,151 V. Penelitian ini mengindikasikan bahwa semakin banyak retak pada sel surya, semakin besar medan elektrostatis yang terdeteksi. Data pengukuran ini kemudian dikirim ke ponsel Android melalui Bluetooth HC-05, memudahkan pengguna dalam melakukan perawatan panel surya.
Rancang Bangun Teaching Aid Data Communication Sebagai Perangkat Pembelajaran Praktikum Komunikasi Data IoT dan Mikrokontroler
Authors: Abadi Sarosa Castrena , Budiyarto Aris , Supriyanto Hadi , Suhada Muhammad Giri , Ramdani Cepi
Published: February 2025

Media pembelajaran merupakan alat pendukung yang dirancang untuk memfasilitasi proses belajar mengajar. Alat pendukung ini membantu pengajar dalam menyampaikan materi dengan lebih jelas dan menarik serta mempermudah peserta didik dalam memahami konsep atau materi yang diajarkan. Ketersediaan alat bantu pembelajaran yang masih minim dan belum memadai di laboratorium Jurusan Teknik Otomasi Manufaktur dan Mekatronika, Politeknik Manufaktur Bandung, menjadikan efektivitas proses pembelajaran terhambat terutama kegiatan praktikum yang memerlukan pemahaman dan keterampilan teknis yang mendalam terkait komunikasi data, mikrokontroler dan teknologi Internet of Things (IoT). Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan perangkat teaching aid yang terdiri dari berbagai modul komunikasi data berbasis IoT dan mikrokontroler STM32 dan ESP32. Metodologi penelitian mengadopsi metode 4D yakni Define, Design, Development, dan Dissemination. Hasil uji fungsionalitas menunjukkan setiap modul dapat berjalan dengan baik sesuai dengan spesifikasi yang ditentukan. Kemudian hasil uji usability memberikan nilai  55.3, hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa perangkat teaching aid masih memerlukan peningkatan lebih lanjut dari sisi kemudahan penggunaan. Diseminasi perangkat dilaksanakan melalui kegiatan sosialisasi kepada masyarakat luas dan pemanfaatan pada perkuliahan praktikum.