bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of ZnFe2O4 Filler Loading on the Morphology and Mechanical Properties of Epoxidised Natural Rubber 25 (ENR 25)
Authors: Sukri Suziey Syamimi , Sharifuddin Syifa’ Muhamad , Mat Nor Mohd Shukri , Mohd Pabl Fathin Asila , Mohamed Julie Juliewatty , Chueangchayaphan Wannarat , Sulaiman Muhammad Azwadi
Published: December 2020

In this study, the effect of ZnFe2O4 loading on the morphology and mechanical properties of epoxidised natural rubber 25 (ENR 25) was intensively investigated. The composite densities were measured using a density meter. The morphological analyses were characterised by scanning electron microscopy. The mechanical properties, including hardness, stress-strain behaviour, tensile strength, elongation at break, and tensile modulus were also investigated. The present rubber ferrite composite showed a particulate dispersion of ZnFe2O3 on its morphological surface. The composite also presented characteristic of high density (1.592 g/cm3), hardness (44.63 Shore A at 120 phr), high tensile strength (14.09 MPa at 80 phr), high elongation at break (648.79 %.at 120 phr), and high tensile modulus (100% modulus: 1.05% at 120 phr, 300% modulus: 1.93 MPa at 80 phr) compared to the ENR 25 without filler which is 1.006 g/cm3, 28.13 Shore A, 8.49 MPa, 615.18%, 0.65 (100% modulus) and 1.38 (300% modulus) respectively.
PALEONTOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF MALAWA FORMATION, PADANGLAMPE, BARRU REGENCY, SOUTH SULAWESI
Authors: Husainy Siti Nurkhalidah , Sulaiman Nursufiah , Ismail Roniza , Sulaiman Noorzamzarina , Langkoke Rohaya , Farida Meutia
Published: December 2020

The study area is located at Padanglampe, Barru Regency, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The objectives of this study are to identify the fossils occurrence and interpret the depositional environment together with age identification based on the fossils occurrence. There are four lithology units found in this study area; volcanic breccias, limestone, sandstone, and intrusion of andesite and trachyte unit. Most of the fossils are found in sandstones unit within the interbedded of limestone, coal, and claystone. The fossils had been soaked with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) for a night to disaggregate fossils from rocks. Seven species found from the phylum mollusks, which are Cerithium salebrosum Sowerby, Cerithium tuberculatum, Cerithium zonatum, Oliva junghuhni, Vicarya sp., Septifer sp. and Ostrea sp., while two species from Cnidaria phylum; Cycloseris sp. and Discocyathus sp. Based on these fossils identification, the age of the study area was ranged from early Triassic to Middle Neogene, and the depositional environment of the study area was interpreted as a shallow subtidal environment with a restricted area of lacustrine or lagoon.
Determination of Microplastics in Sediment of Kelantan and Pattani Bay
Authors: Bitlus Mimi Lovianna Anak , Ismail Nur Arifah , Hajisamae Sukree , Subki Noor Syuhadah
Published: December 2020

This study was conducted to determine the presence of microplastics in sediment of Kelantan and Pattani Bay. Sediment samples were collected from Sri Tujuh Beach, Tumpat and Talo Kapo Beach, Pattani Bay in between May and July 2019. Microplastics were isolated from sediment samples using wet peroxide oxidation (WPO) followed by density separation. Microplastics were sorted visually according to their shapes and colors after being examined under photographed microscope. A total of 52 pieces of microplastics were identified and the most abundant particle found in this study was threadlike shape. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy has been used to identify functional groups in the composition of microplastics. This study shows that degraded of large plastic materials to microplastics due to some factors such as weathering can impact abundance of microplastics in both places, as these locations are well known for fishing activities, industrial areas and also as tourism area.
Kelantan Big Yellow Flood 2014: Statistical Analysis on Relationship between Rainfall Intensity and Water Level
Authors: Muhammad Marinah , Achmad Bahar Arham Muchtar , Ali Khan Mohammad Muqtada , Naim Jemali Noor Janatun
Published: December 2020

This paper interpreted statistically the relationship between event of weather activities and flooding in the affected area of Kelantan State in Malaysia during the Big Yellow flood event in December 2014. This is an extreme flood event in Kelantan since 1927 with the return period approximately 1 in 1000 years. The rainfall intensity and river discharge dataset from Department of Irrigation and Drainage (DID) Malaysia in four selected study areas were descriptively analysed and interpreted using hyetograph and hydrograph. Furthermore, this descriptive results have been validated inferentially using Chi-Square statistical test that are applied into the primary data gathered from observation and distribution of a questionnaire to flood victim during a field visit at the same selected study area used in analyzing secondary data from DID. The results from descriptive analysis using hyetograph and hydrograph showed two phases of extreme rainfall in the Kelantan river basin. The first phase from 15 to 19 December 2020 pointed out that the heavy rainfalls contribute to the increase of water levels in Galas, Lebir, and Kelantan rivers. Areas of affected flooded are Kota Bharu, Tualang, Kursial, and Kuala Krai from 17 to 19 December 2014. The second phase from 20 to 24 December shows higher intensities of rainfall, especially at the upstream of the River basin in Gunung Gagau and the flooded situation become more severe due to the full capacity of soils, river, and drainage. This study also shows that the flood depth that occurred in the flood-prone area has a significant association with rainfall intensity but not with the distance of the area from the river. The findings can significantly conclude that the Kelantan big yellow flood 2014 is totally influenced by heavy rainfall.
AgNPs-Azolla Pinnata Extract As Larvicidal Against Aedes Aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae)
Authors: Ravi R. , Ishak I. H. , Amin M.F. Mohd , Hamzah Z , Rasat M. S. M. , Salam M.A.
Published: December 2020

The widely used synthetic insecticide in the operation of mosquito control could result in unfavourable impacts to the environment, human health and non-target organism. Considering these issues, environmentally friendly insecticides from plant extract have been used as green alternatives by recent researchers. Unfortunately, the method of using plant extract as insecticide requires a large amount of raw plants. In relation to this problem, the use of nanoparticles that possesses unique characteristics including small size and potential in changing physical, chemical and biological properties of organisms were studied. Nano-synthesized silver particles (AgNPs) from Azolla pinnata extract were thus investigated in this study in order to determine its efficacy as Aedes aegypti larvicide. The present work focuses on extraction of the compounds in Azolla pinnata using soxhlet extraction method. The plant extract was mixed with 1 mM silver nitrate solution and the biosynthesized silver nanoparticles were then being characterized using UV-Vis spectrophotometer. AgNPs particles from Azolla pinnata extract were prepared in six different concentrations and set in plastic cups. Late third instar larvae of Aedes aegypti were being used in all tests. Based on the findings of the experiment, there was no mortality of larvae recorded in control groups after 24 hours of exposure. The lowest mortality recorded was at 10 ppm with only 7.5% mortality, while 95% mortality was recorded for the highest concentration which was 250 ppm. Meanwhile, the LC50 and LC95 obtained at 95% confidence interval after 24 hours of exposure were 121.570 ppm and 369.438 ppm respectively. Further studies should be done to determine the mechanisms of AgNPs in aiding Azolla pinnata as an effective larvicide in the future.
Wood-based industry in Kelantan
Authors: Jemali Noor , Muhammad Marinah , Yahya Juliana
Published: December 2020

Forest in Kelantan contributes a significant commitment to economy earnings through the wood-based industry sector. Desktop and field survey was carried out to investigate the current status of the wood-based industry in this state. Surveys and secondary data analysis was done in term of the number of licenced wood-based factories that actively operated in the study area. There are 136 wood factories involved in wood-based industry production that distributed throughout ten main districts in Kelantan. Kuala Krai is the utmost and active area for wood-based sector. The wood-based industry includes sawmills, plywood and veneer mills. The sawmills cover of 45.1% from the overall wood-based factories in Kelantan which commonly produce a product from sawn timber for heavy-duty purposes as well as light application decking, step boards and door frames. The wood-based industry in Kelantan had offered vast job opportunities and increase Malaysia’s export earnings. Therefore, strategic management aims to conserve and sustain the natural resources are required to ensure the adequate source for future production.
Performance of TiO2/Al2O3/carbon nanotube nanocomposite on the photocatalytic degradation of metamifop
Authors: Yusoff NR Nik , Wen LP , Yusoff M , Balqis NA , Ghazi R Mohd , Jani M
Published: December 2020

The photocatalyst of TiO2/Al2O3/CNT nanocomposite was prepared by hydrothermal process. Its performance was evaluated based on the efficiency in degrading metamifop, an active ingredient in the commercial formulation herbicide. The effect of initial concentration metamifop, the dosage of photocatalyst used during photocatalytic degradation of metamifop and the effect of air flow rate were investigated for the evaluation of its performance. The highest percentage degradation of 10 mg/l metamifop obtained from this study was 95.0% using 20 mg of TiO2/Al2O3/CNT nanocomposite photocatalyst with the air flow rate of 2 l/min. The prepared photocatalyst can be potentially used in environmental application.
Model Selection for Machine Learning Algorithm on Decision Making in Oil and Gas Upstream Project Malaysia
Authors: Abd Rahman Mohd Shahrizan , Akmal Jamaludin Nor Azliana
Published: December 2020

Model selection is a crucial element in data analysis to get reliable and reproducible statistical inferences or predictions. It is a long history of model selection method arising from research in statistics, information theory, and signal processing. The purpose of this study is to address the problems related to big data in contributing the strategies to make decisions on new investments for upstream Oil and Gas projects in Malaysia. It also discusses the use of machine learning methods for big data processing and highlights current scenarios in a model selection perspective. Machine learning algorithms have proven to work well for statistics used to make decisions. The selection of the machine learning algorithm model does not make drastic assumptions about data, and it can help optimise the exploration process and allow the computer to analyse large amounts of data quickly and accurately. The results show that k-fold cross-validation of the developed model options intended to make subsequent decisions because it is an integral portion of big data processing to gather unexpected new insights, discover new knowledge and improve efficiency.
Demetallisation of Heavy Metals from Indian Mackerel (R. kanagurta) Fish
Authors: Shukri N Mohd , Shahrom AM , Salleh NF Muhamad , Abdullah WN Wan , Muslim NZ Md , Shohaimi NSA Mohd , Abdullah NH , Halim AZ Abd
Published: December 2020

Fish especially Indian Mackerel (R. kanagurta) provides protein, essential fatty acids and essential metals that are needed in the human diet, however high concentration of essential metals will cause adverse health effect towards human. Thus, the removal of heavy metals such as lead (Pb) and copper (Cu) from R. kanagurta (Indian mackerel) by using different types of natural waste adsorbents was implemented in this study. Initial concentration of heavy metals (Pb, Cu) in Indian mackerel (R. kanagurta) fish were above the permissible limit set by World Health Organization and Malaysia Food Regulation 1985. Thus, in this study, corncob and eggshell were applied as natural waste adsorbents to enhance the demetallisation process. The result showed only the corncob able to efficiently remove all the heavy metals in Indian Mackerel (R. kanagurta) up to 78.31% compared to the eggshell, which yielded about 71.34%. Besides, this study proved that using corncob; the Cd metal found to be wholly removed from (R. kanagurta) which met the permissible limit set by WHO and MFR.
Feed Formulation of Improved Egg Custard formulation using Response Surface Methodology (RSM)
Authors: Mohmad Noor Balqis Nur A’rasyi Binti , Abdul Rojab Nurul Najihah Binti , Bin Wahab Muhammad Amiruddin , Mat Khairiyah Binti , Binti Rusli Nor Dini , Rusli Binti , Al-Amsyar Syed M. , Mahmud Mohd , Harun Hasnita Che
Published: December 2020

Macrobrachium rosenbergii or also known as Giant Freshwater Prawn is crustacean species that can naturally be found in Malaysia. Previous studies were carried out on developing alternative feed for M. rosenbergii larvae in order to lower the feed cost and improve growth rate. This project proposed to analyze the nutrition value of M. rosenbergii larvae formulated feed using 40% of egg custard, 3% of eggshells, 1% of Curcuma longa (Turmeric) and 17.5% of Moringa oleifera. There were 13 different feed formulations by using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) in Design Expert Software version 10 which M. oleifera and C. longa were the variables coded while egg custard and eggshells were the based feed of the formulation. Proximate analysis has been conducted to observe the nutrition composition of the formulated feed and compared with the nutrient requirement of M. rosenbergii larvae which were protein, lipid, mineral and carbohydrates requirement. The result by Design Expert Software version 10 revealed that M. oleifera and C. longa gave the significant effect to protein and mineral requirement but not to lipid and carbohydrate requirement. The software also suggested the optimize formulation that near to the nutrient requirement of M. rosenbergii was Formulation 9, suggested percentage of 17.10%M. oleifera and 1% C. longa with 0.738 desirability.
Physicochemical Analysis of Medicated Ointment Enriched with Ginger (Zingiber officinale) Oil
Authors: Mohammad Azmin Siti Nuurul Huda , Abd Razak Aisha Amira , Mat Nor Mohd Shukri
Published: December 2020

Zingiber officinale rhizome has been revered as a culinary and medicinal spice in many traditional cultures. The essential oil from this plant has been proven to cure diseases of fighting infections by decreasing cholesterol and enhancing weight loss. Therefore, the benefits of this plant must be fully utilised either using raw or ginger based-products. Thus, this study aims to formulate herbal ointments with different concentration of ginger oil as well as to investigate the effect of varying concentration of oil on the ointment properties. In this work, five different ointment formulations were evaluated with various ratios of ginger to virgin coconut oil. All formulated semi-solid ointments were tested for physicochemical properties including hardness, viscosity, pH and turbidity. In this study, the properties of the developed ointment were compared with the commercial product as a benchmark. The developed ointment showed a good result of pH values where all ointments are ranging from 6.03 to 6.19. The ratio of 5:95 of ginger to virgin coconut oil was the best formulation where the tested properties were almost similar to the commercial ointment. Accordingly, the developed ointment in this study can be considered as suitable to be used to the external human body such as chest and nose to heal and protect the respiratory problems.
Mosquito Repellency Effects of The Essential Oils from Cinnamomum iners Leaves and Barks
Authors: Wahab I R Abdul , Jaliuddin A F , Anuar N A
Published: December 2020

Synthetic mosquito repellents containing DEET (N, N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide), DEPA (N, N-diethyl phenylacetamide), permethrin and deltamethrin as active components are known to be the most effective repellents. However, these types of repellents have contributed to numerous toxic effects on not only the environment, but also non-target organisms. The use of natural products such as essential oils is reported as a safe alternative. To date, the study on repellency activities against mosquitoes using Malaysian plants is rare. In the present study, essential oils from leaves and barks of Cinnamomum iners have been reported to show repellency activity, and the whole plant have been used by the local communities to repel mosquitoes and other blood-sucking insects. Repellency assay of the oils against Aedes aegypti was conducted using the percentage repellency bioassay method at three different concentrations: 1%, 5% and 10%. The results showed that the essential oils from barks had a significant percentage repellency (p<0.05) when compared to essential oils from leaves. Two main compounds were identified using the GC-MS: 1-isopropenyl-4-methyl-1,2-cyclohexanediol and 2-octen-1-ol,3,7-dimethyl (geraniol) from the bark and leaf essential oils, respectively. The essential oils demonstrated promising insect repellency activity which has the potential for further development into formulations that may serve as alternatives to DEET or be used as natural bioinsecticides to kill mosquitoes.
The evaluation of Antibacterial Activity of Fungal Endophyte Ceratobasidium ramicola IBRLCM127 Colonizing in Rhizomes of Medicinal Plant, Curcuma mangga Valeton & Zijp
Authors: Muazzam K.A.A.R. , Darah I.
Published: December 2020

The current study was conducted to evaluate the antibacterial activity of fungal endophyte isolate, Ceratobasidium ramicola IBRLCM127 colonizing in rhizomes of a medicinal plant, Curcuma mangga Valeton & Zijp. Primary screening of its antibacterial potential was performed by employing agar plug assay, and the results revealed that the fungal isolate was capable to inhibit all the 11 test bacteria used in the study. All four Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis and Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 33591) showed the highest susceptibility degree to the fungal isolate with the size of inhibition zones of ≥21 mm. As for Gram-negative bacteria, 6 out of 7 tested bacteria (Proteus mirabilis, Yersinia enterocolitica, Escherichia coli IBRL 0157, Salmonella typhimurium, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 13883 and Acinetobacter antratus) were the most susceptible species with inhibition zone size of ≤21 mm, whilst only Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27844 less susceptible to fungal isolate with the size of inhibition zone of 11 to ≥ 20 mm. Secondary screening using disc diffusion assay revealed that fungal ethyl acetate extract derived from fermentative broth (extracellular) demonstrated better potential of antibacterial activity compared to the methanol extract derived from fungal biomass (intracellular). The results showed that 8 out of 11 test bacteria were susceptible to fungal ethyl acetate extract with the diameter of inhibition zone ranging from 8.0±0.0 mm to 13.0±0.0 mm and 8.3±0.6 mm to 11.7±0.6 mm in Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, respectively. Contradictorily, methanol extract only capable to inhibit S. aureus with inhibition zone of 8.3±0.6 mm in diameter. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values of ethyl acetate extract towards Gram-positive bacteria were both in the range of 125.00 to 500.00 μg/mL, whilst for Gram-negative bacteria were in the range of 125.00 to 250.00 and 250.00 to 500.00 μg/mL, respectively. On the other hand, the MIC and MBC values for methanol extract towards Gram-positive bacteria were 250.00 and 500.00 μg/mL, respectively. Both ethyl acetate and methanol extracts exerted bactericidal effects on test bacteria with the ratio of MBC/MIC ≥4. The detail of the ethyl acetate extract effects on the bacterial cells was observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), in which the micrographs obtained from SEM revealed that the severity of the cell damages caused by the extract were beyond repair, and the mode of action could possibly due to the disruption in the cell wall biosynthesis and cell membrane permeability.
Optimisation of Protease-Treated Black Soldier Fly Larvae (BSFL) using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) for Broiler Feed
Authors: Mohd Zuki Nurul Athirah , Mohamad Kamal Siti Sarah , Nik Qalbee Nik Kamaruzaman , Ibrahim Noor Azlina , Mat Khairiyah , Rusli Nor Dini , Harun Hasnita Che , Mahmud Mohd , Samat Noraini , Al-Amsyar Syed Muhammad
Published: December 2020

Hermetia illucens or black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) have recently been used as an alternative source of protein in the processing of feed for various types of animals. Monogastric animals such as broiler, however, unable to completely consume all nutrient sources upon ingestion of the meal. The protease was then developed and used to treat the BSFL so that protein can be converted into amino acids, thereby enhancing the absorption of nutrients from broiler. In this analysis, Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was used to investigate the optimum condition in obtaining the highest decrease in protein content (%) of the BSFL. A Central Composite Model (CCD) model with three variables: water volume (5-8 mL), protease volume (100-300 μL) and incubation time (30-90 min) was used to investigate the response variable, which was a decrease in the protein content (%). At the end of this experiment, optimum conditions were established as 5 mL of water, 100 μL of protease and 30 minutes of incubation time to treat BSFL to achieve a decrease in protein content of 10.5266%.
An Assessment of In Vitro Herbicidal Potential of Fungal Metabolites Against Parthenium Weed (Parthenium hysterophorus L.)
Authors: Halim Sheikh M A , Naher L , Rezaul Karim S M , Sannasi P , Norhafizah
Published: December 2020

Weed control by herbicide is issued for environmental problems and the emergence of resistance herbicide; thus, researchers are looking for alternative methods including bioherbicide. Hence, this study aims to isolate the pathogenic fungi that associated with parthenium weed (a significant noxious weed as a threat to agriculture) and then extract the fungal mycelia for application on seed germination inhibition to be potential as bioherbicide to control parthenium. In this study, the fungus of Aspergillus sp. and Valsa mali were isolated from parthenium leaf and their mycelium were extracted to isolate secondary metabolites using ethyl acetate solvent from the culture of potato dextrose broth (PDB) and malt extract broth (MEB) mediums. In vitro, both fungal metabolites were applied on seeds in plate assay experiment. Original and diluted culture filtrates of Aspergillus sp. inhibited the seed germination by 51% and 20% in PDB and 48% and 39% in MEB respectively, over control. Similarly, Original and diluted culture filtrates of Valsa mali significantly suppressed the seed germination by 52% and 24% in PDB and 62% and 33% in MEB respectively, over control. Therefore, it indicated that fermented culture mycelia metabolites from these fungi able to inhibit seed germination efficiently and can be potentially used as bioherbicide to control parthenium weed.
Effect of Molasses Level on Hardness, Storage Durability and Chemical Composition of Densified Complete Feed
Authors: Rahman M M , Yi P M , Mat K B
Published: December 2020

Densified complete feed (DCF) is a formulated feed that produces through the blending of feedstuffs in the desired proportion to provide balanced nutrition for animals. The DCF gives a good impact on animal performance and reduce the feed cost for farmers. However, there is lacking of DCF production for goat consumption. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different levels of molasses as binder on hardness, durability and chemical composition of DCF. In preparation of DCF, the locally available feed ingredients such as oil palm frond were collected and the making process of complete feed blocks was referred. The DCF was made manually including 3% and 6% molasses level, and then prepared to fulfil the nutrient requirement of growing goats as recommended by National Research Council. The durability was carried out on days 0, 7, 14 and 28 by comparing the hardness, dry matter (DM), and colony forming unit (CFU) of each molasses rate of DCF. Both molasses of DCF had shown a decreasing trend on durability from days 0 to 28. Regardless of durability, the DCF with 3% molasses had greater hardness (2.1 kg/cm2), higher DM content (93.2%) and lower CFU count (1.3 ×104 CFU ml−1) than that of 6% molasses rate of DCF. Both different rates of molasses of DCF had no significant (p>0.05) effect on crude protein, crude fibre, ether extract and ash contents. The present study suggests that 3% molasses of DCF is preferable in terms of longer storage, while 6% molasses of DCF may be more palatable for the ruminants.
Efficacy of Arduino based low-cost Resistive Sensor in evaluating Soil Moisture from different Soil types collected in the Kelantan-Terengganu plain of Malaysia
Authors: Jusoh M , Zuhariman N , Muttalib M
Published: December 2020

This paper presents an experimental study on the effectiveness of using Arduino based low-cost resistive sensors to measure soil moisture content from five different soil types. In this experiment, the soil samples were filled in the vases and arranged in a completely randomized design with three replications. The soil samples from the vases were taken for soil moisture evaluation for 28 days. The experiment began with soil samples at fully saturation condition followed by field capacity condition and finished at the dry condition. The sensors used in this study were calibrated with a gravimetric method by using an oven. The results reveal that the Arduino based low-cost resistive sensor is highly capable of measuring suitable soil moisture content of fine sand, loamy soil, and sandy clay loam soil types. However, this type of sensor has poor performance for sandy loam and clay loam soil types due to the high content of organic matter and low bulk density. The performance of this sensor on peat and wetland soil can be further enhanced by using a distinctively developed empirical formula. The system developed in this work allows employing large-scale soil moisture measurement network for irrigation monitoring and controlling in future research due to its low-cost and great simplicity.
Economic evaluation of pumped storage power station based on multi-scenario stochastic Commitment Model
Authors: Wang Xiaohui , Lu Yanchao , Zhou Bo
Published: December 2020

Pumped storage power stations have excellent characteristics such as fast start and stop speed, rapid load increase and decrease speed, and low forced outage rate, which can effectively improve the safety and economy of the power grid. This paper proposes a method for economic analysis of pumped storage based on a multi-scenario random unit combination model. In this paper, we build a scenario tree model based on the statistical characteristics of wind power and load forecast errors, and use a scenario modeling method based on associated nodes to build a stochastic unit combination model; Based on the results of system analysis, the economic efficiency of pumped storage power station is calculated, and the feasibility of the model is verified by example analysis, and the difference between calculation results of different models is also analyzed.
Prediction of overhead transmission line ampacity based on extreme learning machine
Authors: Jin Xu , Cai Fudong , Wang Mengxia , Sun Yang
Published: December 2020

Caused by the fluctuation of weather conditions, the transmission line ampacity varies with time. For power system operators, the accurate forecast results of overhead transmission lines ampacity are very important and helpful in making planning and control decisions. To assist the system operators in making better use of the transfer capability of transmission lines, it is urgent to improve the ampacity forecast results. In this paper, a novel method based on the extreme learning machine (ELM) is proposed to predict the ampacity. Taking the historical weather and ampacity data as the input data, an ELM-based method can predict the ampacity rapidly and accurately. Numerical simulations based on the recorded actual weather data around a transmission line validate the efficiency of the ELM-based ampacity forecast method.
Numerical Simulation and Analysis of Arc Anode Erosion Process with Electrode Rotation
Authors: Deng Yunkun , Chen Yingping , Huang Jisheng , Wang Ke , Zhao Xianping , Gao Shizhen , liu Shuxin , Cheng Yong
Published: December 2020

A three-dimensional geometric model of anode contact of vacuum circuit breaker is established. Considering the influence of electrode rotation on vacuum arc and anode thermal process, a physical model of phase transformation process is established for the melting and evaporation of anode surface. The solid-liquid mixing area is treated by the description method of porous media, and the numerical simulation of anode thermal process is carried out. The conclusion is that with the increase of time, the anode surface temperature increases, molten pool development, molten pool depth deepening, in addition, with the increase of electrode speed, the highest temperature on the surface of the contact and the size of the molten pool were reduced, the temperature distribution more uniform. It provides theoretical basis for evaluating the breaking capacity of vacuum circuit breaker.
Analysis of 110kV cable terminal abnormal partial discharge
Authors: Duan Xiaoli , Liu Sanwei , Duan Jianjia , Zeng Zeyu , Liu Yungen
Published: December 2020

Through the introduction of a partial discharge fault event at the end of 110kV cable, through on-site inspection and on-site acoustic-electrical test, it is determined that the partial discharge at the end of 110kV cable is abnormal, and there are defects of suspension discharge or insulation discharge; Based on the phase analysis of high-frequency current signal and UHF time series data, the fault location analysis is carried out. The analysis shows that the cable A and B have the same insulation discharge defects. According to the reason of the defect, it is suggested to carry out the overhaul of the air chamber of the interval cable immediately to prevent the cable accident caused by the defective operation. It also proposes to standardize the cable terminal installation process and strengthen the cable quality supervision, focusing on and checking the equipment of the same manufacturer and model to prevent similar defects. This study can be used to guide the operation and maintenance of partial discharge in cable terminal.
Research on Magnetic Flux Detection Technology for Shallow Sea Moving Targets
Authors: Huang Kui , Xu Chaoqun , Yi Zhong , Zhang Shaohua , Meng Lifei
Published: December 2020

The ocean moving target is covered by the vast ocean, and it is highly concealed. In order to effectively detect the moving target in the ocean, based on the theory of magnetic flux induction, the characteristics of the detected target are analysed, the equivalent magnetic model of the target is established, and the rectangular induction coil structure is designed. The coil structure was optimized by studying the effects of coil size parameters and moving target motion parameters on induced electromotive force. Finally, through field trials, using induction coils to collect and analyse the signals of wooden boats, speedboats and kayaks, the feasibility of the detection technology was verified, which provided a new way for the detection of shallow sea moving targets.
Functional safety evaluation of battery anagement system based on probability of failure per hour
Authors: Chen Mingsheng , Ming Zhimao , Liu Guixiong , Li Hongpei
Published: December 2020

In order to identify functional safety property of battery management system, safety integrity level of BMS research is performed by average frequency of a dangerous failure of the safety function. The result shows that: currently, functional safety has been research at home and abroad, through evaluation system of road vehicle and electrical, electronic, programmable electronic safety-related systems. So, safety integrity level could be analyzed quantitatively by a functional relation, which is established among tolerable hazard frequency, demand rate on safety-related protection system, dangerous failure of average frequency and safety integrity level. Based on tolerable hazard frequency and the demand rate on safety-related protection system, safety integrity level of a BMS is evaluated as level II.
Key technical parameters of a new distributed physical energy storage system
Authors: Zheng Xiaoming , Li Xuxia , Su Xiaoxue , Li Jia , Yu Yang , Song Xiaojun
Published: December 2020

The energy storage technology is one of the advanced technologies to solve the problems of modern power system, and also an indispensable key technology for the construction of smart city power grid. A mechanical elastic energy storage (MEES) technology is proposed in this context. As a new physical energy storage technology, the MEES is still in the principle verification stage compared with other physical energy storage technologies researched and developed for many years. In this paper, the MEES system is introduced from the composition, the principle of energy storage/power generation, and the key technical parameters of energy storage. The advantages and disadvantages of MEES system are pointed out, and the future development direction of the MEES technology is clear.
Innovation of Fresh Fruit Bunches (FFB) Harvesting Tools, Using Environmentally Friendly Electronic Mechanical System
Authors: Sabri M. , Fadillah Nasution Arif , Hasan Syafruddin
Published: December 2020

Today, oil palm becomes a prime commodity in Indonesia. The land area where oil palm trees are planted is rapidly developing; it is not only monopolized by state and private plantation companies but also by small holders. One of the main factors which influences its growth and productivity is harvesting factor. To fulfil the need for harvest, it is necessary to have a tool used for a supporting facility in harvesting fresh fruit bunches (FFB) so that it is easier to harvest them; besides that, it also helps solve the health problems and environmentally friendly work safety. Some innovations in tools for harvesting FFB have been carried out even though they have some weaknesses. One of them is the use of burning motor system as the its source of energy while many activists throughout the world are campaigning for the change in lifestyle toward more eco-friendly which teaches people to be aware of their environment in order to decrease the level of pollution and the garbage which is thrown away. Therefore, the researches were performing a renewal innovation to yield a tool of harvesting oil palms which are safer, lighter, easier, affordable, and environmentally friendly.
Application of the Total Ergonomics in Designing Functional Prosthetic Ankle with Low Cost in Indonesia
Authors: Herdiman L , Susmartini S , Priadythama I
Published: December 2020

Prosthetic foot is an amputee’s need to fulfil their functional activities. In Indonesia, prosthetics with functional ankle foot are still imported from developed countries. The purpose of this paper is how to apply the total ergonomics in designing prosthetic ankles for below-knee amputee as functional at a low-cost. The total ergonomics is applied to produce prosthetic ankle designs by integrating design needs through a systemic and holistic approach, and manufacturing needs through an interdisciplinary and participatory approach. The qualitative research method with Focus Group Discussion (FGD) to discuss the design of prosthetic ankles through several questions discussed. Participants in the discussion, according to their respective fields of expertise were 14 people, including 1 orthopaedics doctor, 2 experts in making prosthetics, and 7 people using below-knee prosthetic foot, 2 product designer experts, and 2 metal workshop experts. All participants were asked to provide input on the prosthetic ankle design requirements. This study produced a prosthetic ankle design in cases of below-knee amputee that has a multi-axis capability, energy store-return, according to local conditions, culture, economy, and available materials, allowing them to increase their mobility.
Application of Quality Function Deployment (QFD) Method in Meeting Customer Satisfaction in the Bookshelf Industry
Authors: Ginting Rosnani , Ishak Aulia , Pitaloka Dyah
Published: December 2020

Business competition requires companies to be able to implement strategic plans to meet consumer needs in product development by improving quality, performance, and reducing costs and production time. PT.X is a bookshelf manufacturing company that continues to strive to meet the needs of consumers with quality products. The problem that occurs in the company is the re-design of the bookcase product component design, causing a longer production time and high production costs. The purpose of this study is to understand the steps of Nigel Cross product design, identify the causes of waste of time and costs in the production process of bookshelves using the Quality Function Deployment (QFD) method. The QFD method is used to identify consumer needs associated with the technical characteristics of bookshelf products. The results of the approach with the QFD method show that in stages improving details consisting of the eliminate process and the reduce process show a decrease in the value of making products from prices IDR 145,325 be IDR 110,325.
Product Design of Massage Cap by Using Nigel Cross Approach
Authors: Ginting Rosnani , Ishak Aulia , Ricky Jhofandy
Published: December 2020

The Massage Cap is a device to massage the acupuncture points on the user’s head. This Massage Cap has the additional function of the eye patch as an additional. In the process of making the Massage Cap product using the Nigel Cross approach where the brainstorming technique is first used to determine the characteristics of the product to be made, then draw conclusions from the brainstorming that has been collected. Then the sampling technique is done by distributing open and closed questionnaires to determine the type of product. After the open and closed questionnaires are finished distributing, then a market survey is conducted using a sampling technique, as well as determining the validity and reliability of the main product and the competitors’. The problem steps to the sub problems are determined in order to classify the objectives that will be made in the design of massage caps. Sub problem steps to sub solutions are carried out to determine the Product Quality Function Deployment (QFD). The sub-solution step to the solution is determined to generate and evaluate alternatives by the sum of the paired matrix between attributes.
Design of a Parabolic Collector for Solar Adsorption Refrigerator
Authors: Hutasoit M B , Sitorus T B , Siahaan P B M , Sinurat N S , Putra M F
Published: December 2020

This study aims to design a parabolic type collector used in solar adsorption refrigerator. The solar collector is a device designed to collect heat by absorbing sunlight, which is then utilized as useful thermal energy, one of which is in the adsorption cycle refrigerator. The material used for solar collector is aluminum. In the design of a parabolic type, solar collectors must pay attention to the design of the collector design, how the solar collector works, and the materials and materials used to improve the collector’s performance. The influence of the heat intensity of solar radiation and the collector insulation box is very influential on the collector’s performance. From the results of the design of this tool, it can be seen that the type of parabolic collectors lifts the heat of solar radiation more focused and more efficiently. Overall, a parabolic type collector design with a cross-sectional area of 0.5 m2 results in a thermal collector efficiency of 64.60%.
Determination of Technical Requirements and Priority of The Critical Part In The Quality Function Deployment Phase I and Quality Function Deployment Phase II Methods In Product Development : A Literatur Review
Authors: Ginting Rosnani , Suwandira Bayu , Fauzi Malik Alfin
Published: December 2020

There are many benefits found in implementing QFD. This method sets the standards for planned design and quality, making the product competitive. This literature study aims to make an analysis and synthesis of existing knowledge related to the topic to be studied in order to find gaps for the research to be carried out. Deployment’s Quality Function is a structured approach to finding customers, understanding their needs and ensuring that their needs are met with product specifications. In QFD Phase I, it is used to translate customer needs into product design attributes which we will refer to as technical measures. QFD phase 1 (product planning) is also called The House of Quality. The output obtained in QFD Phase I is used as input for QFD Phase II, where this stage is used to translate important technical actions into part characteristics that are considered the most important to meet customer needs. This paper tries to see the extent to which the two methods are applied by analyzing several relevant journals. The author hopes that this paper can be used as a future reference for researchers in product design.
Implementation of Lean Services and Facility Layout to Improve Health Clinical Service Processes
Authors: Tarigan U , Ishak A , Hutauruk Y O , Siregar K , Sari R M , Tarigan U P P
Published: December 2020

Clinic X is one of the health clinics that located in Medan, which provides public health and social security facilities. Based on preliminary observations and generally applicable in some health clinics in Medan, there is a high arrival of inpatients at certain times, resulting in a large number of service queues. After being observed several times, the main cause is that there are many non-value added activities in the health service process. Therefore, it is necessary to minimize waste and improve the layout of facilities to speed up the service process and reduce patient waiting time. Lean service methods are used to identify wastes that affect servants processing time and improve processes. Systematic Layout Planning methods are used to redesign the proposed layout according to the repair process. The results show that the proposed layout is better than the actual layout in terms of processing time and total transfer moments. Total transfer moment of 64.49% reduces the proposed layout 1,935 meters/week to 687 meters/week. The processing time was reduced by 22.62% from 4271.8 seconds to 3304.67 seconds.
Performance evaluation of closed-loop supply chain in bottled water industry: a case study
Authors: Amrina Elita , Widya Utami Sri , Kamil Insannul , Ampuh Hadiguna Rika , Tri Putri Nilda
Published: December 2020

The closed-loop supply chain has been identified as an efficient and effective strategy for sustainable practices in manufacturing companies. An evaluation is essential to achieve a successful closed-loop supply chain. This study aims to evaluate the closed-loop supply chain performance in the bottled water industry using a fuzzy rule-based system. A case study is conducted to PT X, a bottled water company in West Sumatra. The results show the overall closed-loop supply chain performance of PT X is at a fair level. Nine measures in the forward chain are at a good level. In contrast, one measure (i.e., product characteristics) is classified into a poor level. Based on the results, the company needs to conduct improvements related to product characteristics. In terms of the reverse chain, two measures (i.e., material features and supplier commitment) are at a fair level, while four measures are at a good level. The company has to pay more attention to material features and supplier commitment. Improvements to those measures can increase the reverse chain’s performance, which indirectly increases the overall performance of the closed-loop supply chain.
Cross-Functional Alignment for Sales and Operations Planning in a Cement Company in Indonesia
Authors: Sulistyo A , Arvitrida NI
Published: December 2020

This paper aims to propose a conceptual framework of the Sales and Operations Planning (S&OP) process in a cement company in Indonesia. The company encountered several obstacles in their S&OP process, including asymmetric data information for planning purposes, conflicts between supply and demand planning, use of a manual spreadsheet to consolidate the supply planning, and integrating 2 (two) Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems. A literature study regarding S&OP and its several aspects are performed parallels with a case study method to explore S&OP implementation in the company. The research strategy performed using focus group discussion with S&OP actors, observation on the meeting activities, and interviews with the key person in the selected functional area. The authors propose a conceptual framework of the S&OP process to resolve the problems adapted to company conditions. This paper’s contribution is to provide an overview of S&OP implementation and its problem in the enterprise-level to provide a better understanding for practitioners in other industries and also academic performers.
An Evaluation of the Effectiveness and Reliability of the Machines Using the Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) and Reliability Analysis Methods at the Tea Leaf Processing Plant PT. Perkebunan Nusantara IV Unit Bah Butong
Authors: Napitupulu Humala L. , Rahmadsyah Manik Chairul
Published: December 2020

The Tea Leaf Processing Plant PT. Perkebunan Nusantara IV Unit Bah Butong is an industry that motion in the tea leaf processing. The process of production is supported by a number of interdependent machines and tools to achieve optimal productivity. The problem is that frequent machine failure is considered to be interfering with the production process resulting from maintenance’s un-maximum. Thus need evaluation of the effectiveness and reliability of machines in order to maximize maintenance in order to reduce machine failure. The purpose of this study is to know the value of the effectiveness production engine by calculating the value of the Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE), identifying the effectiveness of the engine by measuring six big losses, calculating the reliability of the engine by adding analysis and improving the maintenance schedule to improve engine efficiency, and predicting OEE’s values after maintenance repairs were made. The value of this journal is expected to be an input to companies to know the value of the effectiveness machines and the reliability of the entire machine system if maintenance is done according to the recommended MTTF maintenance program.
Cermet for Turning Hardened Steel
Authors: Sarjana S S , Ginting A , Arifin M , Suherman
Published: December 2020

This study deals with an effort to assess the performance of Cermet cutting tool as an alternative cutting tool for turning hardened steel. Some machinability aspects, including tool wear, cutting time, surface finish, and optimum cutting condition were assessed. The experiment was carried out by adopting Taguchi method (L8) and Taguchi signal-noise (S/N) ratios was utilised to determine the optimum cutting condition. Flank wear was observed as the main tool failure mode. Related to flank wear, the Cermet cutting tool used in this study had potential cutting time when assigned for hard turning. Surface finish measured under Ra parameter for all tested cutting conditions was at the quality of finish turning. The statistical analysis supported the engineering perspective to define surface finish as the main response variable to be used for the evaluation of optimum cutting condition. The result of Taguchi S/N analysis on the optimum cutting condition showed a good agreement with the experiment.