bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INVESTIGATION OF OSCILLATIONS IN A SYSTEM WITH NONLINEAR ELASTIC CHARACTERISTICS
Authors:   Department of Robotics and Integrated Mechanical Engineering Technologies, Lviv Polytechnic National University, Kuzio Ihor , Sholoviy Yurii ,   Department of Robotics and Integrated Mechanical Engineering Technologies, Lviv Polytechnic National University, Maherus Nadiia ,   Department of Robotics and Integrated Mechanical Engineering Technologies, Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: December 2024

Goal of the work is to apply periodic Ateb-functions to investigate dynamic processes of strongly nonlinear systems with a finite number of degrees of freedom. Significance. Practically all problems in mechanics and engineering related to system oscillations, when strictly formulated, are nonlinear, as they are mathematically described by nonlinear differential equations. This often poses significant challenges in studying their behaviour, as finding a solution in exact form can be difficult. One way to overcome this complexity is utilizing special functions, such as Ateb-functions. Therefore, the application of periodic Ateb-functions for investigating the dynamic processes of highly nonlinear systems with a finite number of degrees of freedom is a relevant task, as it allows for increased accuracy and efficiency of estimations. Method. The methodology is based on finding partial solutions of the "normal" oscillations form, which do not correspond to linearized systems. The normal modes of oscillation of highly nonlinear conservative systems, whose potential energy is a homogeneous function of degree ν+1, are described using periodic Ateb-functions. In cases where linearization of the original system is not possible, such an approach to studying the oscillatory processes of highly nonlinear systems with multiple degrees of freedom is the most feasible. Results. The presented methodology for investigating normal modes of oscillations can be generalized to highly nonlinear systems with small perturbations of autonomous and non-autonomous types. Scientific novelty. Mathematical relations have been established to determine the normal modes of oscillations in highly nonlinear mechanical systems. Practical significance. The application of periodic Ateb-functions for investigating dynamic processes in highly nonlinear systems will enhance the accuracy and efficiency of estimations.
SIMULATION OF THE GEARS STRESS-STRAIN STATE OF ELBOW ORTHOSIS PLANETARY GEARBOX
Authors:   Department of Dynamics and Strength of Machine and Strength of Materials, National Technical University of Ukraine Ihor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute, Lavrenko Iaroslav , Sushchenko Maksym ,   Department of Dynamics and Strength of Machine and Strength of Materials, National Technical University of Ukraine Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute, Chaikovska Olena ,   Department of Theory, Practice and Translation of German, National Technical University of Ukraine Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute
Published: December 2024

Gear transmissions of various sizes are used in various fields of mechanical engineering, automotive, marine, and aerospace industries according to the needs. This paper presents the modeling and analysis of the modal and harmonic characteristics of a planetary gear transmission for an elbow orthosis. Orthoses are used during the rehabilitation of patients in the postoperative period or during the restoration of lost limb functions. When modeling the planetary gear, the connection elements are made of 45 steel and PLA polylactide. Using ANSYS Workbench, the planetary gear of the gearbox was analyzed for modal and harmonic characteristics at three different torque values: 1732 N-mm, 3464 N-mm, 5196 N-mm. The modal and harmonic analysis of the stress-strain state of the planetary gear is carried out, a comparative analysis is performed, and the vibration characteristics, including natural frequencies, mode shapes, and harmonic response, are discussed. Also, the stress-strain state of the sun-satellite contact problem made of steel 45 and PLA polylactide is calculated and the corresponding analytical calculation of equivalent contact stresses is performed according to Hertz's theory.
INCREASE PRODUCTIVITY OF HARD-TO-MACHINE MATERIALS BY PREVENTIVE HEATING OF THE WORKPIECE
Authors:   Department of Robotics and Integrated Mechanical Engineering Technologies, Lviv Polytechnic National University, Stupnytskyy Vadym , Pasternak Serhij ,   Department of Robotics and Integrated Mechanical Engineering Technologies, Lviv Polytechnic National University, Prodanchuk Oleh ,   Department of Robotics and Integrated Mechanical Engineering Technologies, Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: December 2024

The possibility of increasing productivity by increasing the cutting parameters of difficult-to-machine materials, using expensive tool materials, etc. is an extensive trend of innovative improvement and is accompanied by high costs of operations and the need to provide expensive equipment. The article argues that a more effective method of improving machining operations is the use of the workpiece Turning with Preventive Heating (TPH) method. An analysis of existing methods, advantages and disadvantages of heating the cutting zone of the workpiece for machining certain difficult-to-machine materials is presented. The stages of studying the power, thermodynamic, and stress-strain state of the workpiece resulting from the complex action of mechanical loads associated with shearing of the processed material during cutting and thermal loads created by TPH technology are recommended. Modern programs for simulation analysis of innovative cutting processes are analyzed. Arguments for the effective use of AdvantEdge software in comparison with similar alternative programs for simulating the processes of machining difficult-to-machine materials are presented. The results of studies of changes in cutting forces for different cases of preventive heating of the cutting zone of parts made of the chromium-nickel alloy Inconel 718 are presented
Selection of the Process of Arc Welding of Sealing Surfaces of Power Valves with a Consumable Electrode in the Shielding Gas
Authors: Rogozin D. V. , Lenivkin V. A.
Published: December 2024

Introduction. One of the main requirements to the methods of weld overlay of sealing surfaces of power valve trim parts is to obtain a high-quality wear-resistant pad with minimal penetration and optimal process performance. Currently, arc, electroslag, plasma, beam, induction and other surfacing techniques have been developed and introduced into production. However, the influence of various arc welding processes with a consumable electrode in shielding gas on the geometric parameters of weld beads and metal hardness of sealing surfaces is understudied. The presented research is intended to fill this gap. The objective of its authors is to select such a process of arc welding of beads on parts of the power valve trim with a consumable electrode in shielding gases, which would provide the best workability of the deposited metal.Materials and Methods. Arc surfacing with a consumable electrode in a mixture of gases was performed on steel plates. The welding torch was moved in a straight line, without transverse oscillations, using the FRC-9 mechanism (Fronius). A microprocessor-controlled inverter-type digital current source TransPulsSynergic 3200 CMT (Fronius) was used as the power supply. The following welding processes were analyzed: MIG/MAG process with self-regulation (Standard mode), synergic process of MIG/MAG method (Synergic mode), short arc process with mechanical separation of electrode metal droplets (CMT-ColdMetalTransfer), and synergic pulse-arc process (PulseSynergic). The short-cut process of bead surfacing was evaluated by the stability of the values of the energy parameters of the bead surfacing mode in time at the same electrode wire feed rates, which were recorded by oscilloscopes, as well as by comparing the geometric characteristics of the deposited beads and the hardness of the deposited metal.Results. The analysis of experimental data of the geometrics of the weld beads and their complex dimensional characteristics made it possible to establish that the welding engineering requirements for the welded beads are most fully met by long-arc surfacing by the PulseSynergic pulse-arc process.Discussion and Conclusion. The study and the resulting data make a certain contribution to solving the problem of the influence of arc welding processes on the parameters of weld beads and on the hardness of the metal of sealing surfaces. A detailed analysis of the modes of arc surfacing of beads with a consumable electrode in shielding gases on the trim parts of power valves can be used in further research on this topic. The conclusions of the authors will not only provide considerable theoretical assistance to scientists, but will also make adjustments to the activities of practitioners.
Algorithm for Constructing the Hazard Function of the Extended Cox Model and its Application to the Prostate Cancer Patient Database
Authors: Mikulik I. I. , Zharinov G. M. , Kneev A. Yu.
Published: December 2024

Introduction. In medicine and related industries, bioinspired approaches are used for the survival analysis, among which the Cox regression model holds a specific place. The practice of its application is described in the theoretical and applied literature. However, a significant drawback of this method requires careful study. The fact is that the features correlate with the hazard function linearly, and the model does not use more complex dependences. This causes some difficulties in studying survival analysis. The presented work is aimed at solving this problem. The object of study is the extended Cox model, in which the hazard function includes a nonlinear combination of features.Materials and Methods. A database of prostate cancer patients was used, since this is a common diagnosis in global oncology. A class of extended Cox models with an additive/multiplicative hazard function was defined. To solve the problem using the optimization method, a fitness function was constructed that evaluated the results of prognosis, the number of features, and the degree of overtraining of the model — the complexity and load of the compiled hazard function. An algorithm of pollinating ants has been developed to optimize the fitness function. It simulates the reproduction of flowering plants using pollinating insects and consists of three parts: an ant colony algorithm, a genetic algorithm, and an ant pollinator algorithm. The quality of training of the Cox model was assessed by C-index.Results. A metaheuristic algorithm for ant pollinator optimizing was proposed, providing for the construction of hazard functions of the extended Cox model. The set of parameters for training the standard Cox model was the entire set of features used: TNM, prostate-specific antigen doubling time (PSADT), Gleason score, serum PSA concentration at diagnosis, patient age and education, Rh factor. C-index value of the trained model was 0.853691. The extended Cox model with the found additive/multiplicative hazard function had a higher C-index value — 0.856241 with a smaller number of features used (TNM, PSADT, and Gleason score). In terms of quality, this approach is not inferior to or superior to the classical Cox model. Reducing the number of features involved should improve the efficiency of medical decisions and speed up the start of treatment.Discussion and Conclusion. The presented algorithm for constructing survival analysis models increased the accuracy of predicting the occurrence of a terminal event, and reduced the number of features used for this purpose. The difference in accuracy for the studied data set seemed insignificant — C-index increased from 0.853691 to 0.856241 (by 0.3%). At this, the number of features taken into account was reduced from 7 to 3 (by 57.1%). Consequently, the proposed method effectively solves the problem of feature selection, and can be applied to improve the quality of prognostication.
Исследование энергоэффективности автомобилей
Authors: Филиппов Артур
Published: December 2024

В настоящем исследовании анализируются перспективные технологии улучшения энергоэффективности современных автомобилей, включая электрические силовые установки, использование альтернативных видов топлива и внедрение систем рекуперации энергии. Исследование подчеркивает ключевые вызовы и преимущества различных подходов, а также их влияние на экологическую устойчивость.
Structural Integrity of AA7075-T651 UWFSW Joints
Authors: Kosturek Robert , Ślęzak Tomasz , Torzewski Janusz
Published: December 2024

This investigation is focused on the comparison of selected low-cycle fatigue properties of AA7075-T651 friction stir welded and underwater friction stir welded joints together with the evaluation of their lifetime prediction by the Manson-Coffin-Basquin formula. Additionally, the analysis of the fractured surface was involved to describe the character of joints decohesion. The analysis of the obtained hysteresis loops revealed that FSW joint exhibits cyclic hardening, with a stable maximum stress and a decreasing minimum stress, leading to an increased contribution of compressive stresses and a lower mean stress during stabilized fatigue. In comparison, the UWFSW joint also shows cyclic hardening but with a greater contribution of tensile stresses, a higher mean stress, and a reduced participation of plastic deformation. The Manson-Coffin-Basquin equation effectively predicts the fatigue life of AA7075-T651 alloy joints, with UWFSW joints showing significantly lower standard deviation (0.0035 vs. 0.0135) and narrower dispersion bands (1.61 vs. 1.93) compared to conventional FSW joints.
The Brand Image Influence on the Relationship Between Social Media Advertising and Sustainable Tourism Practices in Petra (Jordan)
Authors: Alfdool Sabri Mahmoud , Teruel-Serrano María Dolores , Alonso-Monasterio Pau
Published: December 2024

This study aims to establish the mediating role of brand image, including advertising and promotion content distributed on social media platforms, which can improve positive brand image in the relationship between social media advertising and sustainable tourism practices at Petra in Jordan. This study survey contained 332 of the participant’s respondents who visited Petra from different countries. | A structured questionnaire was also embraced to gather primary data. The data were analyzed utilizing Smart-PLS, which was used to classify the measurement and structural models. The mediating influence of together social media advertising and sustainable tourism practices was tested too. The outcomes showed that brand image positively mediates the link between social media advertising and sustainable tourism practices at Petra. For that reason, it can be supposed that brand image among tourists who visit Petra plays a crucial role in promoting social media advertising for improved sustainable tourism practices at Petra. Finally, this study delivers an empirical indication of a phenomenon not studied at Petra in Jordan where the tourists who visited Petra concreted in norms and customs for sustainable tourism practices. The outcomes underline the significance of brand image in mediating the link between social media advertising and sustainable tourism practices at Petra.
Exploring the Influence of ESG and Prosperity Disclosure Score on Financial Performance
Authors: Aryati Titik , Susilawati Susi
Published: December 2024

Almost all companies are starting to pay attention to the impact of environment, social, and governance (ESG) & and prosperity disclosure. This research aims to analyze empirical evidence of the Exploring the Financial Performance from ESG And Prosperity Disclosure Score. The research was conducted using causality design, while the samples of 84 companies listed on the IDX-IC (Indonesian Stock Exchange) for the 2019 – 2021 period were selected using certain criteria. Data analysis was carried out with balanced panel data regression. The results show that aggregate ESG & prosperity disclosure impaired the increasing returns on company assets. Individually, environmental and prosperity disclosure did not affect financial performance, while social and governance disclosures affect financial performance. The ESG and prosperity disclosures can undermine financial performance, in part because a focus on ESG initiatives can divert management’s attention from short-term financial goals to long- term sustainability goals. This causes management to prioritize goals aligned with sustainability and social responsibility over short-term financial gains. In this study, financial performance is measured using ROA. This ratio has a weakness in its use, namely that it does not take into account differences in the company’s capital structure, and depreciated fixed assets can affect ROA, providing a less accurate picture of actual financial performance.
The Сommon Man in the Focus of Modern European Values (Based on the Works of F. Backman)
Authors: Radaeva E. A.
Published: December 2024

The relevance of this study is due to the fact that modern democratic values, entrenched in Western countries, including at the legislative level, are widely discussed in Russian society today: how much the freedoms and restrictions introduced in the 21st century correspond to the needs of the average citizen, that is, in this case, the average European. The material for studying this issue was the works of the world-famous Swedish writer Frederik Backman — the novels A Man Called Ove (2012) and Things My Son Needs to Know About the World (2012), as well as the film adaptations of the first novel (Swedish in 2015 and American in 2022). The aim of the study is to determine the ideological attitudes conveyed by the artistic worlds of the works under study. To achieve this goal, the theoretical and methodological frameworks were analyzed, opening up the possibility of studying values through the prism of cultural research of fiction and cinematography. Other tasks included: identifying the key features of the literary and film versions of the novel A Man Called Ove, to establish the specifics of their value framework, and describing the key moments of the novel Things My Son Needs to Know About the World so as to determine the values conveyed by this work. Based on the axiological and anthropological prisms within the framework of the cultural studies approach, intertextual, intermedial and narrative analysis of the texts of each of the books and the two film adaptations of A Man Called Ove is applied. The biographical method and the method of reconstructing the views of the hero of the work of art were also used. As a result of the undertaken reconstruction, a cultural model of analysis of European values of the common man was created thanks to their reflection in literature and cinema. The possibilities and limits of using the cultural method in the analysis of complex and multi-level artistic material were determined. The contradictions that permeate various versions of the film adaptation of the novel A Man Called Ove were highlighted and the characteristic discrepancies between the two novels by F. Backman are described. If the first describes the path of gaining tolerance for everything new by a person of the old school, then the second develops the theme of the absurdity of the modern world, its lack of rootedness in traditions, and discusses the helplessness and defenselessness of man in new realities, such as when, alongside the maximum of democratic freedoms, there arises a paradoxical maximum of unfreedom for the individual. It is also indicative in the axiological context that the directors were only interested in the first book, which was more convenient not only in terms of the script, but also in terms of the ideology, as a locomotive of loyalty to representatives of minorities, and therefore offering more chances to receive international awards.
Sacred Violence in Religious Terrorism: the Case of Central Asia
Authors: Gergilev D. N. , Izluchenko T. V.
Published: December 2024

Religious terrorism currently poses a major threat in many regions. Studying the problems associated with religious terrorism not only adds to theoretical development of the issue, but also addresses how to combat this threat. This article approaches religious terrorism through the concept of sacred violence as exemplified by the actions of proscribed terrorist organizations in the Central Asia, which have been on the rise since the late 20th century. The purpose of the study is to define the specific interpretation of sacred violence by terrorist groups using the example of the Central Asian region. To achieve this goal the authors aim 1) to systematize existing ideas about those aspects of culture on which terrorist organizations parasitize; 2) to highlight the reasons for the adherents of these organizations to turn to the concept of sacred violence; 3) using the example of the Central Asian region to establish the specifics of its interpretation in the context of Islamic terrorism; 4) to compare the neutral context of the interpretation of the concept of sacred violence with specific interpretations in Islamic religious terrorism. Since the article examines the ideological justification of Islamism and the use of religion to destabilize the political situation and legitimize violence against political opponents, the research materials were drawn from two types of sources: direct statements by the leaders of the movements under study, which are pseudo-theological constructs, and analytical materials, which are studies of such statements. The methodological basis of the study was the theory of social constructivism and approaches of comparative religious studies; the hermeneutic method and content analysis were used. The methods and approaches used helped clarify the specifics of successive political, institutional and regional changes in Central Asia that contributed to the spread of radical Islamist ideologies and their temporary popularity among some parts of the population. As a result, the study identified regional features of the interpretation of sacred violence that may contribute to its use as an integrator of group solidarity by the leaders of terrorist religious organizations. The paper shows that external influence from transnational terrorist organizations, infiltrating into the domestic political conflict, incited or directly provoked by ethno-religious terrorists, uses the ideological construction of sacred violence to attract followers, which seriously distorts traditional ideas of Islam. At the same time, it is the specific interpretation of the sacred by terrorist ideologists that can be used as a marker for distinguishing between terrorist organizations and other religious associations. The results obtained can contribute to further study of religious terrorism as a scientific problem and can also be used by competent authorities to optimize and develop appropriate anti-terrorist measures.
Визиты президента России в КНДР и Вьетнам: новые коннотации российской политики «поворота на Восток»
Authors: Лю Цзинюань
Published: December 2024

In the context of Russia’s Special Military Operation in Ukraine, Russian President Vladimir Putin’s visits to the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK) and Vietnam have attracted a lot of attention from the international community, especially the West led by the United States. The article analyzes the strategic considerations of President Putin’s visits to the DPRK and Vietnam, as well as the key areas of cooperation between the two sides and its impact on the Asian order. It examines the prospects and strategic role of the DPRK and Vietnam in policy of Russia’s “turn to the East”.
Сувенир в этнографическом туризме: материальный мем памяти
Authors: БАННИКОВ Константин Леонардович
Published: December 2024

The article is devoted to the souvenir as a semantic phenomenon, its role in synchronous and diachronic interpersonal and cross-cultural communications. The author focuses on the functions of retransmitting and mobilizing individual memory performed by souvenirs and examines their role in the system of signs and symbols in ethnographic tourism.
Буряты-проводники географических экспедиций как историко-культурный феномен
Authors: МИХАЛЕВ Максим Сергеевич
Published: December 2024

The names of the Buryat interpreters and guides who accompanied geographical expeditions in Central Asia in the late XIXth and early XXth centuries and were nominated for Russian and foreign awards for their achievements are known only to a few specialists today. The article attempts to analyze the origins of the phenomenon of Buryat guides. The author concludes that its emergence became possible due to the development of cross-border trade between Russia and China in Kyakhta, which by the mid-XIXth century, thanks to investments in culture and education, became not only a commercial but also an intellectual center of Asian Russia. In turn, this paved the way for the galaxy of talented Buryat guides who managed to remain deeply rooted in their own traditional culture while getting an access to the latest scientific knowledge of their time.
Comparative analysis of gearbox fault detection using ensemble learning techniques with vibration sensor data
Authors:   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Lagos State University, Ojo (Main campus), Lagos State, Nigeria, A. Raji Nurudeen , O. Kuku Rafiu , O. Bakare Abdullateef , M. Ogunbiyi Medekannu , I. Morafa Tobiloba
Published: December 2024

Gearbox fault detection plays a crucial role in ensuring the reliable operation of machinery and preventing costly downtime. This research thesis aims to develop and evaluate ensemble learning techniques for accurate detection of gearbox broken tooth conditions using vibration data from SpectraQuest's Gearbox Fault Diagnostics Simulator. The dataset comprises vibration readings from sensors under both healthy and broken tooth conditions. A thorough analysis of the Gearbox Fault Diagnosis Dataset was conducted, integrating time and frequency domain analyses to inform feature engineering. A comprehensive comparative analysis of bagging, boosting, stacking, and voting approaches was conducted. The standout performer is the AdaBoostClassifierET, achieving an accuracy of 87.56%, precision of 88.36%, recall of 86.38%, and an F1 score of 87.36%. Bagging methods also exhibit commendable performance, with the BaggingClassifierET achieving an accuracy of 87.38%, precision of 87.17%, recall of 87.50%, and an F1 score of 87.34%. The research also highlights the significance of base model choices in ensemble techniques, as different base model choices yielded different results in all four techniques. The study surpasses previous work by incorporating a comprehensive set of ensemble techniques, advanced feature engineering informed by time and frequency domain analyses, and a nuanced evaluation of overfitting concerns.
Manufacturing design and static analysis of a gear shaft
Authors:   University of Debrecen: Faculty of Engineering, 4028 Debrecen, Ótemető u. 2-4., Hungary, Okonokhua Israel , Bodzás Sándor
Published: December 2024

This paper presents a gear shaft design that was constructed with the use of Solidworks, the manufacturing process of the design done by the use of the Edgecam software and also a Finite Element Analysis (FEA) which includes examining the part's displacement behavior with corresponding stress and deformation. The 3-dimensional finite element simulation and meshing of the model was done with the ANSYS Workbench. Boundary requirements including external loads were also utilized. The manufacturing design was done in two parts due to the high level of complexity associated with the gear shaft. The first part included the parametric configurations used for machining one end of the gear shaft and the second part included the parametric configurations used for machining the other end of the gear shaft. This means that when the machining process has to be done on the CNC machine, there will be two separate CNC codes to be utilized which can run successively. During the manufacturing design phase, important information was obtained, such as the overall time for machining of one or both ends of the gear shaft as well as the safety conditions that were utilized during the process.
Development of Artificial Neural Network models for vibration classification in machining process on Brownfield CNC machining center
Authors:   Lola Institute Ltd: Belgrade, RS, Stepanić Pavle , Dučić Nedeljko ,   Faculty of Technical Sciences Čačak, University of Kragujevac, Stanković Nebojša ,   Faculty of Technical Sciences Čačak, University of Kragujevac
Published: December 2024

This study presents the development of artificial neural network models capable of classifying the type of vibration during the step drilling process. Classification refers to recognizing the nature of vibrations during the machining process and categorizing them into two classes: safe and harmful. The data used in the study were obtained from Bosch and collected during the aforementioned machining process on a four-axis horizontal CNC machining center. Several different architectures of artificial neural networks have been developed, and their performance (with a classification success rate of around 96%) has shown that they can be applied as a highly useful tool in predictive maintenance.
Spatial Evaluation of Carp Production by Using Geography Information Systems (GIS) in the Anatolian Region of Türkiye
Authors: Uçak İlknur , Bağdatlı Muhammed Cüneyt , Afreen Maliha
Published: December 2024

Fish industry has significant importance all over the world because red meat is not enough to complete the protein requirements of growing population. Therefore, focus is now on those fish species production rate which are more suitable. In this study we focused on common carp which has important commercial value due to its size and tasty meat. Common carp is a fresh water fish and mostly found in rivers, ponds, dams and lakes. It is special due to its ability of adjustment in any aquatic habitat and sometimes beneficial also for other aquatic animals by releasing nutrients in habitat. Türkiye is a rich country in terms of rivers, dams and lakes. In this research, we described famous water reservoirs in Türkiye and in which regions higher amount of carp fish produced. It was focused on Central Anatolian Region of Türkiye which has large amount of water reservoirs. Geography Information System (GIS) based mapping and spatial analysis was used in this study to check the production rate of carp in Central Anatolian Region of Türkiye for long period from year 2000 to 2019. It was concluded from this study that highest average production rate of carp is obtained in Konya province (total: 11919,2 tons/2000-2019; average: 596 tons/20 year) which is west part of Anatolian region and lowest average production rate is found in the Niğde province (total: 163,5 tons/2000-2019; average: 8,2 tons/20 year) which is south part of the Central Anatolian Region.
Cost-Benefit Analysis of the Fattening of Morkaraman Lambs with Different Dietary Plant Protein Sources
Authors: Can Mazhar Burak , Varalan Alperen , İmik Halit
Published: December 2024

This study investigated the effects of different plant protein sources incorporated into feed concentrates on the live weight gain and feed conversion ratio of Morkaraman lambs by days 28, 42 and 56 of fattening, and presents a cost-benefit analysis. The study animals included 24 male Morkaraman lambs with a mean age of 9 months, which were assigned to 3 study groups. The dietary plant protein sources provided to the animals were soybean meal and safflower meal in Group I, wheat gluten in Group II, and corn gluten in Group III. The total feed intake values (kg) of Group I, Group II and Group III were 40.75±1.08, 39.18±0.88, and 37.67±0.62, respectively, during the period between days 0-28 of fattening; 62.77±1.67, 60.14±0.96, and 57.54±1.28, respectively, during the period between days 0-42 of fattening; and 83.31±1.89, 77.79±1.43, and 75.97±1.67, respectively, during the period between days 0-56 of fattening (p<0.05). The live weight gain values (kg) of Group I, Group II and Group III during the period between days 0-56 of fattening were 14.82±0.84, 11.97±0.51, and 13.71±0.91, respectively (p<0.05). The feed conversion ratio was observed not to have a statistically significant effect on production yields (p>0.05). In conclusion, while the highest income from live weight gain during the period between days 0-56 of fattening was achieved with the use of soybean meal and safflower meal as dietary plant protein sources, the lowest fattening cost was achieved with the use of corn gluten.
Farmland Challenges in the Haor Basin of Bangladesh: Nature and Solutions
Authors: Roy Shovon
Published: December 2024

Haor regions are inhabited by one of the most economically disadvantaged communities, which rely on agriculture and endure numerous challenges due to its vulnerability. This article analyzes the data obtained from Key Informant Interviews (KIIs) and Focus Group Discussions (FGDs), which were subsequently connected to prior publications to identify the nature of the agricultural land-related problems in the Netrokona Haor basin. Multiple concerns and their nature have been uncovered through the examination. Among those, difficulties in irrigation systems pose the greatest challenge for regional producers. Additional challenges encompass land fragmentation, pollution, erosion, fishing-related concerns, drainage infrastructure, and flood. This study discusses probable solutions with the directive to new research that claims collaborative venture through government and private agencies. Carefully designed research-based policy framework prioritizing strict implementation of existing laws is crucial to effectively mitigate the problem.
The Comparison of Weight and Shape-related Traits in Eggs from Different Chicken Genotypes
Authors: Uçar Ahmet , Kahya Yasin
Published: December 2024

Although there are intensively selected lines and non-selected standard breeds in terms of production characteristics in the chickens, there is limited information on the comparing their egg shape-related traits. This study aimed to compare using the parameters of weight, width, length, shape index-L/W (Length/Width), and shape index-W/L of egg in some meat-type (Anadolu-T, Ross 308, Dam Line and Sire Line), egg-type (Atak-S, Lohmann Brown and Lohmann Selected Leghorn), and standard breeds (Sultan and Ameraucana). The data from 2476 eggs from 9 genotypes obtained from 50-55 weeks hens and classified under 3 main types were analyzed with univariate and multivariate methods. The mean egg weights of Sire Line, Ross 308, Anadolu-T, Lohmann Brown, Atak-S, Dam Line, Lohmann Selected Leghorn, Sultan and Ameraucana genotypes were 69.89f, 69.10f, 62.84e, 59.59d, 59.58d, 59.51d, 56.81c, 45.87b and 43.03a g, respectively (P<0.05). In the same order, the mean egg width was determined as 44.72f, 45.61g, 43.41de, 43.32de, 43.62e, 43.17d, 42.46c, 39.90b and 39.17a mm (P<0.05). The mean egg length was found to be 61.97g, 58.80e, 59.72f, 56.12bc, 57.58d, 56.59c, 56.00b, 51.30a and 51.47a mm (P<0.05). The egg shape index-W/L and egg shape index-L/W was calculated to be 74.78a, 76.50b, 77.55c % and 138.67c, 128.99a, 137.59c, 129.45a, 132.16b, 131.12b, 131.93b, 128.68a, 131.47b %, respectively (P<0.05). The egg weights of meat-type, egg-type, and standard breeds were 64.61c, 58.36b, and 45.42a g, respectively (P<0.01). The egg width was found to be 44.06c, 42.97b and 39.78a mm (P<0.05). The egg length was 59.05c, 56.20b, and 51.35a mm (P<0.05). We also detected significant positive correlations (P<0.01) between the egg weight and the egg width (r=0.88), and the egg length (r=0.83). In the discriminant analyses, the success of assigning eggs to their groups was relatively low (52.4%) in terms of genotypes, but high (78.1%) in the type groups. The significant changes in the egg weight and shape-related traits were determined according to chicken genotypes and types. It was observed that intensive selection in chickens, especially in egg-type genotypes, had a strong effect on egg weight and shape-related traits.
Sustainable Agriculture and It’s Practices: A Review
Authors: Sharma Shikha , K.C. Bipana
Published: December 2024

Sustainable agriculture, a holistic approach to farming, offers a promising solution to the global challenge of balancing food production with environmental preservation. Sustainability is based on the idea that we should fulfill current needs without jeopardizing the ability of future generations to fulfill their requirements. It involves the farming practices that maintain the health of our land, water, and air while producing sufficient food necessary for the growing population. This comprehensive review explores diverse sustainable agricultural practices essential for balancing productivity, economic viability, and social equity. Key principles of sustainable agriculture, emphasizing environmental health, financial feasibility, and social justice, underpin a multifaceted approach. Permaculture, emphasizing biodiversity and ecosystem regeneration, aligns with nature’s principles. Crop rotation and diversification mitigate pests and diseases, and enhance soil health. Water management through techniques like drip irrigation and rainwater harvesting optimizes water usage. Innovative practices including aquaponics, hydroponics, vertical farming, and agroforestry ensure year-round, efficient food production. Climate-smart agriculture adapts to climate change, while precision agriculture enhances resource efficiency. Organic farming, relying on natural processes, offers a sustainable alternative to conventional methods. Challenges like excessive chemical usage, climate-related disruptions, and knowledge gaps persist despite promising outcomes. Overcoming these hurdles requires collaborative efforts, policy support, and education initiatives. Sustainable agriculture represents the path toward a resilient and food-secure future for our growing global population.
Presence of Microplastic in Bottom Sediments of the Bach Hac River in Phu Tho Province, Vietnam
Authors: Tuan Manh Duong , Xuan Thanh Thao Le , Duc Long Huynh , Thi Linh Thai , Van Manh Do
Published: December 2024

Microplastic pollution has been one of the alarming environmental problems globally due to its widespread distribution and potential health risks. Rivers are considered one of the main pathways for microplastics receiving and transporting from land to the oceans. Furthermore, sedimentary environments are considered the main reservoirs of microplastics in the aquatic environments. This study was conducted to evaluate the distribution of microplastics in bottom sediment samples collected at Bach Hac River, Phu Tho, Vietnam. Visual verification and chemical identification of microplastics were performed using a μFT-IR spectrometer using a Nicolet iN10 MX Infrared Imaging Microscope. The results found microplastics present in all sediment samples. The concentrations of microplastics detected were in the range of 798.08 – 1454.3 microplastics/kg of dry sediment. The most detected major polymer type was Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET), accounting for 60% of the total polymers found. The most common shape of detected microplastic was fragments (72.02%). Most of the detected microplastics were small in size (20- 150 µm), accounting for 81.80%. The findings from this research could contribute to the database about microplastic pollution in Vietnam and toward the assessment of the potential ecological impacts of microplastics.
Keywords: Microplastics, Polymers, Sediment, μFT-IR spectroscopy.
Semantic Structures of Vietnamese Perception Verbs: A Cognitive and Cultural Analysis
Authors: Ly Ngoc Toan
Published: December 2024

This study investigates how Vietnamese speakers employ perception verbs to understand and depict life experiences through their metaphorical extensions and explore the linguistic practices regarding Vietnamese socio-cognitive patterns. The study employs qualitative analysis of Vietnamese poems, proverbs, and idioms. This study analyzes linguistic aspects in the framework of conceptual metaphor theory (Lakoff & Johnson, 1980), examining language and thought in their embodied nature, both in relation to the mind (Sweetser, 1990) and as culturally oriented phenomena (Kovecses, 2005). The analysis emphasizes collating usage frequency statistics in varied contexts (poetry, proverbs, idioms) and documentation of semantic shifts across different forms of perception verbs. The results showed how Vietnamese perception verbs are used in conjunction with physical senses and have a solid relationship to abstract thoughts, which is explained by the theory of mind as a bodily metaphor while having universal and culture-specific features consistent with core Vietnamese culture. The findings contribute to linguistic theory and cultural studies by demonstrating how cultural factors influence metaphorical mappings in Vietnamese perception verbs while complementing empirical evidence of embodied cognition. The findings are relevant to cross-cultural communication, language teaching, linguistic and cultural studies of the relationships between language and culture and provide the methodological basis for the analysis of such phenomena in other languages and illustrate the interdependent nature between the structure of the language and culture.
Leveraging Non-formal Action Research to Enhance Teacher Research Activity at a Pedagogical University in Republic of Kazakhstan
Authors: Berikkhanov Aiman , Wilson Elaine , Sarsenbayeva Lyaziza , Sapargaliyeva Bayan , Assilbayeva Fatima , Iskakova Aigul
Published: December 2024

The study was conducted with the aim of identifying the possibilities for implementing the informal research method of Action Research into the educational process of a pedagogical university as a tool for enhancing the research activity of university teachers in Kazakhstan. The significance of mastering this method by pedagogical university faculty is grounded in their ability to disseminate their experience, involving students—future teachers—in a cyclical process of continuous research and transformation of their pedagogical practices. As a result of the literature review, the advantages of Action Research were highlighted, particularly in terms of activating personal, professional, and environmental resources that were previously underutilized in traditional formal research formats. The relevance of the study lies in the necessity to examine global experiences with informal research methods, focusing on the feasibility of their implementation with consideration of the specific context of Kazakhstan. The article describes the process of conceptualizing the informal method of Action Research, diagnosing awareness and demand for this method among young pedagogical university faculty, developing and testing a program for its implementation, evaluating its effectiveness, ensuring post-course support, and determining the prospects for integrating the method on a national scale. Methods such as surveys, pilot studies, formative experiments, and Action Research tools were applied. A pilot implementation of Action Research was conducted to develop the research activity of young faculty members at Abai University, considering their needs within the framework of a modular professional development program titled “Action Research – the Foundation for Developing a Pedagogue-Researcher Model.” Analysis of the results confirmed the effectiveness of implementing the method in enhancing the research activity of teachers and transforming them into researcher-teachers. Based on the review and feedback analysis, the prospects for the expanded integration of informal research methods into the practice of education in Kazakhstan were identified.
Verb-Verb Construction in Bugis Language: A Linguistic Typology Approach
Authors: Alien Kurnia Warya Selia  , Achmad Dicky Romadhan
Published: December 2024

This study examines the formation of serial verbs in the Bugis Bone language utilizing a qualitative descriptive approach and typological analysis. Data were collected by observation, including audio recordings of Bugis speakers’ direct talk, and supplemented by interviews for contextual comprehension. The assessment focused on language structures, and identifying patterns and distributions of lexemes and phrases. The results demonstrate that Bugis serial verbs align with the worldwide typology of serial verbs, consisting of four syntactic categories and six semantic categories: movement, directional, manner, cause-effect, comitative, modality, and aspect. This work is significant for its contribution to linguistic typology, providing insights into the universal elements of serial verb formations and the distinct qualities of the Bugis Bone language. The results have ramifications for the comprehensive understanding of Austronesian languages, establishing a basis for comparative analyses and contributing to the preservation of linguistic variety. Moreover, the study enhances understanding of the functioning of serial verb formulations within a particular linguistic and cultural framework, hence advancing theoretical knowledge in syntax and semantics. Future research may explore Bugis sentence forms through other theoretical frameworks to enhance the understanding of Bugis language typology.
Effect of differential oral dose administration of aqueous leaf extract of Senna occidentalis, Annona muricata and Aju Mbaise on serum electrolyte levels in Albino rats
Authors: Etu Esther Ifeyinwa , Umeano Chiagozie Chinyere , Wike Nyejirime Young , Chibueze O. Odeh , Richards Ndubuisi Nonso , Etu Kenneth Eze , Mmesomachi Uche Bethel , Maduka Chinedu Pascal , Jennifer Ekoh Adaorah , David Chukwu Chigozie , Chinedu Gabriel Silas , Esochaghi Chiamaka , Willie Eteng Komomor , Ugochukwu Achi Franklyn , Chinedu Maria , Ozioma Ezeobiora John
Published: December 2024

Electrolyte imbalances are frequent in medical practice, mostly seen in hospital populations, affecting a wide range of patients and linked to higher rates of morbidity and death. Herbal medicine has been the most accessible and economical form of treatment and it has demonstrated significant promise for the management of a variety of health issues. This study evaluated the effect of differential oral dose administration of aqueous leaf extract of Senna occidentalis, Annona muricata and Aju Mbaise on serum electrolyte levels in albino rats. Twenty Albino rats were used for this study. The rats were grouped into four with 4 rats each. Oral administration of S. occidentalis, A. muricata and Aju Mbaise were carried out at different doses (200, 400 and 500 mg kg-1 respectively) for 4 weeks. The rats were sacrificed by jugular decapitation 24 hours after the last administration of the extract and blood samples were collected for serum electrolyte analysis. The result revealed a significant increase p<0.05 for chloride, bicarbonate, sodium and potassium ions for the leaf extracts of S. occidentalis, A. muricata and Aju Mbaise. This implies that the leaves of these plants can be toxic and it is therefore advised that consumption of these leaves should be at therapeutic doses since it is associated with an increase in electrolyte levels.