bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
What terminally ill patients value in the support provided by GPs, district and Macmillan nurses
Authors: Grande Gunn E , Todd Chris J , Barclay Stephen IG , Doyle Janet H
Published: January 2018

The aim of this project was to investigate how patients view the care and support provided by their doctors and nurses. Forty-three patients with a life expectancy of 1 year or less who were being looked after in their own homes were asked to give their views of the support given by general practitioners, district nurses and Macmillan nurses. Patients had predominantly positive views of the support received. The content of their positive statements suggested that psychosocial aspects of support, including communication and kindness and consideration shown, were valued most. Actions in the form of helpfulness, organization of support and being accessible were also important, while clinical aspects received less emphasis. Clinical aspects of care were emphasized more when patients expressed negative views of support. Patients' statements suggested that emotional support and information were provided predominantly by Macmillan nurses.
Patient compliance with medication regimen after discharge from palliative care
Authors: Kingsnorth Denise , Wilkinson Susie
Published: January 2018

Patient compliance with prescribed medication has been well researched and there is a consensus in the literature that noncompliance exists on a large scale. In the studies reviewed the level of non-compliance ranged from 38.5% to 60%, but very little of this research related specifically to palliative care patients. The present study was undertaken to ascertain the level of compliance in a group of patients who had been discharged home from a palliative care centre, and to obtain their views on taking their medication in order to identify ways in which services could be improved.
Book reviews
Authors: Howard Valerie , Scott Mary , Green Samantha
Published: January 2018

Caring for the Dying Patient and the Family. 3rd edn.

The Theory and Practice of Therapeutic Touch

Working with Bereaved People
International perspectives: current enthusiasm and future potential
Authors: Webber Jeanette
Published: January 2018

This summer has had a distinctly international flavour from my point of view. With the 9th International Conference on Cancer Nursing based in England, nurses from around the world began converging on London weeks, and even months ahead of time, in order to combine a holiday with visits to cancer and palliative care services in the United Kingdom (UK).
Improving psychosocial care: a professional development programme
Authors: Yates Patsy , Clinton Michael , Hart Gail
Published: January 2018

Despite the numerous reports of difficulties experienced by health care providers in providing psychosocial care to terminally ill patients and their families, few studies have yet been undertaken to examine the effectiveness of different educational approaches to addressing these issues. The aim of this paper is to describe a programme of professional development for palliative care nurses, which is currently being offered to 181 registered nurses in Queensland, Australia. The programme is based on an action learning model and is designed to facilitate processes of reflection and peer consultation. In Part One of this paper, a review of this literature is presented to provide the background and rationale for the programme design. Details of the research programme developed to evaluate the programme will be presented in Part Two of this paper, which is to be published in the next issue of this Journal.
Building the pyramids: palliative care patients' perceptions of making art
Authors: Shaw Rebecca , Wilkinson Susie
Published: January 2018

Throughout history artists have spoken of the inherent value of art to humanity. This paper describes a study which was undertaken to ascertain the value of making sculpture, as opposed to diversional activity, for people with advanced cancer. Day-patients at a palliative care centre were invited to participate in the making of a sculpture and their reactions were gathered via semi-structured interviews.

From the qualitative data generated it is apparent that the activity was valuable to the participants for a variety of reasons. The metaphor of ‘building the pyramids’, supplied by a patient, to describe the art-making, provided a useful framework in which to explore the patients' reasons for valuing the activity. Notions of scale, ambition, achievement, longevity and transcendence were also recorded.
Launch of RCN Cancer Nursing Society Reports
Authors: Dicks Barbara
Published: January 2018

Unquestionably, people affected by cancer should have access to nurses with appropriate experience and expertise if they are to receive the best possible care. This message, which became a recurring theme during the 9th International Conference on Cancer Nursing is central to two timely RCN Cancer Nursing society reports, which were formally launched at the society's reception held during the week of the conference.
Book Reviews
Authors: Daniels Lilian , Cooley Catherine
Published: January 2018

Cancer Care in the Community

Cancer Care in the Hospital
Caring for dying Buddhists
Authors: Sibley Dennis
Published: January 2018

This paper provides information on how to offer help and support to Buddhists who are seriously ill or dying at home, in hospitals, hospices or nursing homes. It begins with an outline of Buddhism, indicating its main teachings and practices. This provides the background for a number of practical suggestions that will help non-Buddhist carers to understand and, where possible, to meet the spiritual needs of their Buddhist patients as death approaches. In the final part of the paper, the work of The Buddhist Hospice Trust is outlined.
New challenges for palliative nursing
Authors: Aranda Sanchia
Published: January 2018

Editorials by Jeanette Webber and Libby White (IJPN 2(3)) explored threats to both the nursing profession and palliative nursing as the health system faces the reality of limited resources and expanding client needs. I wish to pick up on these issues in the light of changes proposed for palliative care in one Australian state, Victoria. My central argument is that to secure the future of palliative nursing, efforts must focus on demonstrating clearly the value and contribution of nurses to client and family outcomes. Why do I think we are challenged to do this?
Beyond Hippocrates: ethics in palliative care
Authors: Grealish Laurie
Published: January 2018

Doctors and nurses work together in the care of patients but the practice of nursing has a different emphasis from that of medicine. Because of the close working relationship, nursing has historically adopted a traditional biomedical view to understand practice and assist in decision making.

In this article, the author argues that the traditional biomedical perspective does not provide a framework to explain the unique relationships that develop between nurses and their patients.

In particular, the wholehearted adoption of bioethics creates a foundation for collaboration with doctors but does not allow nurses to articulate their unique ethical practice. An argument is presented for the nursing discipline to explore the ethic of care as a framework for the ethical analysis of clinical nursing practice. Palliative care nurses are well placed to promote and research the ethic of care.
Leadership and management in specialist palliative care
Authors: Dicks Barbara
Published: January 2018

Since the publication in the UK of the White Paper ‘Working for patients’ (1989) which set out the Government's strategy for a better health service for patients, nursing management has undergone a metamorphosis. Senior nurse managers in newly established National Health Service Trusts have, in many cases, had to rise to the challenge of making the shift from a predominantly operational to a corporate role while maintaining their function as head of the profession of nursing without necessarily having management responsibility for nurses.
Cultural issues in palliative care
Authors: Nyatanga Brian
Published: January 2018

The understanding of different cultural needs is important in the field of palliative care. An individual's cultural background influences their way of behaviour and view of the world they live in. In Britain today, 5.5 per cent of the population comes from minority cultural groups. This paper argues that cultures in a plural society like Britain's are not static but continually changing. The nature of this change is discussed by looking at the processes of enculturation and acculturation. It is also argued that although some cultural change may take place, some basic rituals at death and dying remain unaffected. This then raises the need for health care professionals to be aware of the original (purist) value and belief system of each individual patient's culture, i.e. before acculturation, and keep that as a broad framework while assessing the current values and beliefs of that individual patient. The difference between culture and religion is briefly discussed, then a few cultural groups are selected to describe beliefs and practices during dying and at death. This is important because the basic tenet of palliative care is to view and treat the patient holistically. To do so, a clear understanding of the patient's values and belief system must be foremost.
Spiritual chaos: an alternative conceptualisation of grief
Authors: Haberecht John , Prior Deborah
Published: January 2018

Grief is examined in this article as spiritual chaos, rather than stages to be worked through. Major characteristics of grief and spirituality are identified as well as ways in which chaos theory can help us understand grief. Indigenous approaches to death, dying and grief are explored, and the role of the ritual elder, particularly in terms of creating a safe space in which grief can be safely sampled. Guidance from experienced helpers such as ritual elders assists persons experiencing grief to deal with issues in a more conscious way. It is argued that holistic health care teams require spiritual carers as full members, and that the role of spiritual carer may at times need to be undertaken by various members of the health care team.
Active palliative anti-cancer therapy
Authors: Oliver Gill , Mclllmurray Malcolm , Aston Val , Harding Sandra , Donovan Gill
Published: January 2018

Palliative care has a high profile in the delivery of cancer care services and is of growing interest to all health care practitioners. This reflects a marked change in attitudes to the management of cancer: not too long ago, nurses were forbidden to discuss treatment with patients, who were often ignorant of their diagnosis. Now, the focus has shifted to optimising quality of life in a comprehensive package of total care involving the patient and the family.
Stabilisation in colorectal cancer
Authors: Petrou Stavros , Campbell Nikki
Published: January 2018

Stabilisation of disease (as well as objective response) is an important outcome in the treatment of cancer. To test the hypothesis that chemotherapy brings positive Quality of Life (QoL) benefits when disease stabilisation is achieved, a utility study involving 30 UK nurses experienced in oncology care has been carried out. Acting as proxies for cancer patients, the nurses were asked to assess the values of various health states associated with the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer. The nurses rated the QoL benefits of stabilisation almost as highly as those of partial response (Utility score of 0.95 vs. 1). Side-effects associated with chemotherapy, however, mean that active management of toxicity is needed to preserve QoL benefits. More than 50% of metastatic colorectal cancer patients have a partial response or have their disease stabilised with the new topoisomerase I inhibitor (irinotecan, CAMPTO®). It is indicated for use when treatment with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) has failed. Major side-effects are short-lived compared with treatment benefits, so it appears that, for patients who respond or who are stabilised, the QoL improvements will outweigh any short-term costs of toxicity.
The role and need of the children's hospice in the United Kingdom
Authors: Gold Elizabeth-Anne
Published: January 2018

Despite the growth of the children's hospice movement the public and many health professionals do not appear to understand its true role. It provides relief and terminal care with practical and emotional support for children with life-limiting and life-threatening conditions, and their families. It should, however, not be seen as the only option open to these families. It is not a substitute for good hospital or community care. Paediatric palliative care is a very specialised area which requires expert and individualised care. Children's hospices could be seen as local centres of clinical research, education and audit rather than just a provision of care.
Staying ahead by moving forward
Authors: Webber Jeanette
Published: January 2018

The International Journal of Palliative Nursing was established in 1995. It is a peer reviewed Journal and has a strong international Editorial Board.

The primary aims of the Journal are to disseminate research findings through the publication of academic papers, to explore the relationship between theory and practice and to stimulate the cross fertilisation of ideas between nurses involved in palliative care worldwide.

The scope of the Journal reflects the development and expansion of the speciality of palliative care in general, and palliative nursing in particular. Consequently it carries papers which address the needs of people who are facing any life threatening illness, at any stage of the disease continuum, and who are cared for and supported in any care setting.

The Journal is concerned with all aspects of palliative nursing practice, education, management and research. It endorses and values interprofessional working and welcomes papers and correspondence from all professional groups.
Patient autonomy and cancer treatment decisions
Authors: Thomas Annette J
Published: January 2018

Informing cancer patients about their diagnosis, prognosis and treatment options continues to create controversy, conflict and confusion amongst health care professionals. In suggesting that autonomous patients choose to be involved in treatment decisions, and share the ultimate responsibility for the out-come, Randall and Downie (1996) over simplify a complex ethical dilemma. The fragility of ‘autonomy’ as a concept, renders it vulnerable to individual circumstances, willingness to share responsibility and the ability of clinicians to release control. Ethical decision making models are systematic arrangements of standards designed to motivate and guide actions. Seedhouse and Lovett (1992) presented an ethical grid as a means by which a clinician might be guided through complex ethical dilemmas. The ethical grid has been utilised in an attempt to examine the issue of patient autonomy and cancer treatment decisions.
What the practice nurse needs to know about safeguarding against female genital mutilation
Authors: Bourne Jennifer
Published: January 2018

Practice nurses are well placed to protect those at risk of FGM and support those who have undergone the practice. Jennifer Bourne explains.

Nurses in general practice play an essential role in the health of the practice population, seeing family members at different stages of their lives and at major health events. They therefore have an important role to play in identifying and supporting women who have undergone female genital mutilation and protecting girls at potential risk of the practice.
A world without barriers to healthcare
Authors: Murwill Phil
Published: January 2018

Phil Murwill of Doctors of the World UK reveals the problems people without status experience when trying to access healthcare – and how not asking a patient for proof of address could save their life
Capital allowances on surgery improvements
Authors: Rees David
Published: January 2018

David Rees explains the tax advantages that can be gained from capital allowances during premises upgrades
Introducing Nuka in general practice
Authors: Jones Maxine
Published: January 2018

Humanising healthcare through supporting patients and care workers to thrive as well as survive, as per the Nuka model, could eventually lead to reduced demand and improved health and wellbeing for patients and workforce, writes Maxine Jones
What's wrong with hospitals?
Authors: Ainsworth Steve
Published: January 2018

Why is it that our hospitals more inefficient than our GP surgeries? Steve Ainsworth looks at the issues of size, communication and management oversight in health organisations in the UK
Phishing: Before the hackers attack
Authors: Rhodes Matt
Published: January 2018

The latest and damaging ransomware attacks on organisations around the world will again re-focus attention on cyber-crime, says Matt Rhodes
Understanding your team's strengths
Authors: Dempsey Mark
Published: January 2018

Mark Dempsey explains how to get the most out of your team, emphasising the need to understand each member and what they do best to create a productive and collaborative working environment
The NHS in 2018: Now we are 70
Authors: Moffat Polly
Published: January 2018

With the NHS celebrating its 70th birthday this year, what is in store over the next 12 months?
Performance Analysis of Heterogenous WSN for application in IoT
Authors: Behera T M. , Mohapatra S K , Acharya O P
Published: January 2018

Extending the Internet to connect any physical device with smart technology can be called as the Internet of Things (IoT).It is a proposed development of the Internet in which everything can be connected to the internet enabling them to send and receive data. Selection of energy efficient routing protocols has become an essential step in designing any IoT network. Moreover, the protocol should also be selected to enhance the lifetime of the network. In this article, we evaluate the performance analysis of DEEC (Distributed Energy Efﬁcient Clustering), DDEEC (Developed DEEC), EDEEC (Enhanced DEEC) and TDEEC (Threshold DEEC) for the application in IoT. From MATLAB simulation, it was observed that TDEEC outperforms other routing protocols and is well suited for IoT application.
Methods and Algorithms of Speech Signals Processing and Compression and Their Implementation in Computer Systems
Authors: Alkalani Fadi , Sahawneh Raed
Published: January 2018

The review and comparative analysis of the methods of compression and recognition of speech signals is carried out. The result of the carried out analysis of the existing recognition methods indicates, that all of them are based on the use of “inflexible” algorithms, which are badly adapted to the characteristic features of speech signals, thus degrading the efficiency of the operation of the whole recognition system. The necessity of the use of algorithms for determination of recognition features along with the use of the wavelet packet analysis as one of the advanced directions of the creation of the effective methods and principles of the development of the speech signals recognition systems is substantiated.

Analysis of the compression methods with the use of the orthogonal transformations at the complete exception of minimal decomposition factors is conducted; a maximal possible compression degree is defined. In this compression method the orthogonal transformation of the signal segment with the subsequent exception of the set of the smallest modulo decomposition factors, irrespective of the order of their distribution, is conducted. Therefore the additional transfer of the information on the factors distribution is required.

As a result, two information streams appear, the first one corresponds to the information stream on the decomposition factors, and the second stream transfers information on the distribution of these factors.

Method of the determination of the speech signals recognition features and the algorithm for nonlinear time normalization is proposed and proved.

Wavelet-packet transformation is adaptive, i.e. it allows adapting to the signal features more accurately by means of the choice of the proper tree of the optimal decomposition form, which provides the minimal number of wavelet factors at the prescribed accuracy of signal reconstruction, thus eliminating the information-surplus and unnecessary details of the signals.

Estimation of the informativeness of the set of wavelet factors is accomplished by the entropy. In order to obtain the recognition factors, the spectral analysis operation is used. In order to carry out the temporary normalization, the deforming function is found, the use of which minimizes the discrepancy between the standard and new words realization.

Dedicated to the determination of admissible compression factors on the basis of the orthogonal transformations use at the incomplete elimination of the set of minimal decomposition factors, to the creation of the block diagram of the method of the recognition features formation, to the practical testing of the software- methods. In order to elevate the compression factor, the adaptive uniform quantization is used, where the adaptation is conducted for all the decomposition factors. The program testing of the recognition methods is carried out by means of determination of the classification error probability using Mahalanobis (Gonzales) distance.
Dimensional Modeling Using Star Schema for Data Warehouse Creation
Authors: M Kirmani Mudasir
Published: January 2018

Data Warehouse design requires a radical rebuilding of tremendous measures of information, frequently of questionable or conflicting quality, drawn from various heterogeneous sources. Data Warehouse configuration assimilates business learning and innovation know-how. The outline of theData Warehouse requires a profound comprehension of the business forms in detail. The principle point of this exploration paper is to contemplate and investigate the transformation model to change over the E-R outlines to Star Schema for developing Data Warehouses. The Dimensional modelling is a logical design technique used for data warehouses. This research paper addresses various potential differences between the two techniques and highlights the advantages of using dimensional modelling along with disadvantages as well. Dimensional Modelling is one of the popular techniques for databases that are designed keeping in mind the queries from end-user in a data warehouse. In this paper the focus has been on Star Schema, which basically comprises of Fact table and Dimension tables. Each fact table further comprises of foreign keys of various dimensions and measures and degenerate dimensions if any. We also discuss the possibilities of deployment and acceptance of Conversion Model (CM) to provide the details of fact table and dimension tables according to the local needs. It will also highlight to why dimensional modelling is preferred over E-R modelling when creating data warehouse.
Comparision Between Accuracy and MSE,RMSE by Using Proposed Method with Imputation Technique
Authors: Kamble V.B. , Deshmukh S.N.
Published: January 2018

Presence of missing values in the dataset leads to difficult for data analysis in data mining task. In this research work, student dataset is taken contains marks of four different subjects in engineering college. Mean, Mode, Median Imputation were used to deal with challenges of incomplete data. By using MSE and RMSE on dataset using with proposed Method and imputation methods like Mean, Mode, and Median Imputation on the dataset and found out to be values of Mean Squared Error and Root Mean Squared Error for the dataset. Accuracy also found out to be using Proposed Method with Imputation Technique. Experimental observation it was found that, MSE and RMSE gradually decreases when size of the databases is gradually increases by using proposed Method. Also MSE and RMSE gradually increase when size of the databases is gradually increases by using simple imputation technique. Accuracy is also increases with increases size of the databases.
Analyzing Varieties of Agricultural Data Using Big Data Tools Pig
Authors: Radadiya Bankim L. , Shukla Parag
Published: January 2018

Day by day, data is growing rapidly. Analysis of the data is necessity. As per recent survey data generated in last 2 years is more than the data created in entire previous history of human. Data created in different form and in diversified manner. It can be structured, it can be semi-structured, or it can be unstructured. To analyze diversified by agricultural data we can use the tools of Big Data like Pig. Using Pig, we can analyze varieties of data. Pig is a platform for analysis of data. Biggest advantage of Pig is it can process any diversified data very quickly and allows us to use user defined functions. Use Case of Pig is ETL. It is used to extract the data from sources then after applying transformation we can load it into the data warehouse. We will do analysis of state wise proportion circulation of Numeral of operative properties for all societal collections in 2005-06 and 2010-11 using Pig.
SOBRE ALGUNOS CONJUNTOS EPIGRÁFICOS RURALES DEL INTERIOR DE LA GALLAECIA ROMANA: UNA PROPUESTA DE INTERPRETACIÓN
Authors: Lozano David Serrano
Published: January 2018

A través de un análisis de carácter integral del registro epigráfico, se plantea un estudio de varios conjuntos de epígrafes romanos localizados en la mitad septentrional de Galicia, conjuntos definidos tanto por criterios epigráficos, externos e internos, como por su relación con el paisaje físico y epigráfico del entorno. Estos conjuntos apuntarían a la presencia bien de horizontes epigráficos, bien de regiones del territorio galaico-provincial con elementos culturales comunes, y cuya interacción con el hábito epigráfico habría dado lugar a producciones con características propias. Se pone en evidencia, en suma, la posibilidad de identificar sectores rurales que habrían desarrollado modelos epigráficos con elementos característicos, reflejo de las diversas dinámicas internas de toma de contacto y desarrollo de un elemento material aculturizante tan crucial como fue la epigrafía latina.
MIMUS ZELOTIPI NUMTI. À PROPOS DE LA MOSAÏQUE DE NOHEDA (VILLAR DE DOMINGO GARCÍA, CUENCA)
Authors: Lancha Janine , Roux Patrick Le
Published: January 2018

Nova interpretação da inscrição da cena de mimo no painel B, parte direita, a distinguir do espectáculo de pantomima que ocupa os restantes três quartos da parte esquerda do mesmo painel.
SOSTOYaNIE KAL'TsIY-FOSFORNOGO OBMENA U BOL'NYKh SAKhARNYM DIABETOM 1 TIPA
Authors: Belykh O A , Kochetkova E A , Gel'tser B I
Published: January 2018

Condition of bone tissue and calcium - phosphorus exchange in patients wish type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Aim: the estimation the calcium - phosphorus exchange and calcium - regulation hormones of absolute insulin insufficient on base measuring.
Materials and methods: were inspected 61 patients wish type 1 diabetes mellitus (age 20 - 50 years) and prolong of disease from 1 to 24 years. All patients got insulin in dose-depending regime. 38 patients were diagnostic decompensate type 1 diabetes mellitus, 18 - subcompensate diabetes mellitus and 5 patients had stage of compensation disease. Control group was consisted by 50 people. All patients were estimated calcium - phosphorus exchange and condition of calcium - regulation hormones.
Results. It is marked the level of calcium (Ca) increase and increase secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH) and calcitonine (CT) in depending of prolong and during type 1 diabetes mellitus. Increasing of urinasy exretion calcium and phosphor has positive correlation with the glycemia level in the blood in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Conclusion. It was marked the calcium - phosphorus exchange and increase calcium - regulation hormones levels.
OSTEOPENIChESKIY SINDROM PRI ENDOKRINNYKh ZABOLEVANIYaKh V ZAPADNOY SIBIRI
Authors: NEKRASOVA M R , SUPLOTOVA L A , DAVYDOVA L I , PRONYaKOVA O V , PLATITsYNA N G
Published: January 2018

West Siberia is the region, where annual sunlight days amount is very small because of geographical location in high latitudes. So, all inhabitants have high risk of vitamin D deficiency, what is proved OP fractures frequency studies.
To estimate bone mineral density (BMD) loss in endocrinological patients, we performed 528 persons with such diseases as diabetes mellitus type 1, hypothyroidism, toxic goiter and glucocorticoid-dependent bronchial asthma. BMD was measured by DEXA method in forearm distal parts. Atraumatic fractures were registered in 15,3 %.We demonstrated high frequency of osteopenic syndrome (62,6-80%) in endocrine patients, more expressive in postmenopausal women. The received data allowed to determinate OP risk factors for our territory.
IZMENENIYa KOSTNOY TKANI ChELOVEKAV KOSMIChESKOM POLETE: O VOZMOZhNYKh MEKhANIZMAKh OSTEOPENII
Authors: OGANOV V S , BAKULIN A V , NOVIKOV V E , MURAShKO L M , KABITsKAYa O E
Published: January 2018

Some results of possible participation of bone metabolism regulation different levels in the bone changes caused by microgravity are presented taking into account the body fluid redistribution which usually accompany the space flight. The primary starting changes associate with biomechanical factors and realize on the strictly bone level (osteocytic osteolysis, breach of «collagen-crystal» connection, slowing of osteoblastic histogenesis). There are calcium homeostasis distortion on the extrabone (tissue, organs) level: decrease of calcium intestinal absorption and renal reabsorption. Changes in the hierarchy of ion and fluid volume regulation systems may provoke the osteoclastic resorption, which intensify the bone loss.
VLIYaNIE ISSLEDOVANIYa MINERAL'NOY PLOTNOSTI KOSTI (MPK) V STANDARTNYKh LOKALIZATsIYaKh I DOPOLNITEL'NYKh IZMERENIY MPK NA USTANOVLENIE DIAGNOZA OSTEOPOROZA
Authors: RUBIN M P , ChEChURIN R E
Published: January 2018

The aim of the study was to improve the quality of densitometric evaluations of bone mineral density disorders. Dual-energy x-ray absorbtiometry data collected in 874 females were analyzed. All patients had got bone mineral density examination of the lumbar spine, proximal femur at the both sides; some of the patients also had been measured at the distal radius. We hypothesize that the judgment of diagnostic categories (osteoporosis stages) should include consideration of bone mineral density data both for L2-L4 and for any of two adjacent vertebra, as well as variations of the femur neck data between the two sides. Ultradistal forearm bone densitometry was carried out for osteopenic patients who had had a Colles'fracture -to estimate fracture risk for the opposite radius. The osteoporotic fracture threshold for such cases may be at T-Score of -.1.
VLIYaNIE STATINOV V SRAVNENII S KAL'TsIEM I VITAMINOM D NA POKAZATELI KOSTNOGO METABOLIZMA I MINERAL'NUYu PLOTNOST' KOSTNOY TKANI (MPK) U ZhENShchIN S OSTEOPENIEY V POSTMENOPAUZE
Authors: KRYZhOVA N S , ROZhINSKAYa L Ya , ERMAKOVA I P , IL'IN A V , SAZONOVA N I , MEL'NIChENKO G A
Published: January 2018

An open clinical trial evaluating effects of Pravastatin (P) 20 mg, Fluvastatin (F) 40 mg versus Calcium-D3 Nycomed Forte (1000 mg calcium and 800 ME cholecalciferol - CaD3 ) on bone metabolism, bone mineral density (BMD) and lipid metabolism have been conducted. We studied 80 osteopenic women from 60 to 80 years old, divided into three groups: 30 participants were treated by CaD3 during 12 months, at the same time 30 ones applied P, and 20 women were treated by L for the 6 months. All of the remedies showed similar influence on the spine BMD (the basal BMD remained intact). CaD3 and L were able to prevent proximal hip from BMD loss whereas patients treated P proceeded to lose bone mass (up to 1.3-1.5%). We have found that CaD3 provides an antiresorptive action (СТх became 27.2% lower and OC -4.1%), that P doesn't touch bone metabolism indices and dual action of L: it suppress a bone resorption (СТх was 14,1% reduce) and show an invigorative action on bone formation (ОК 25,5% raised). The CaD3 treatment was the less expensive, and the highest cost had P course. Our comparative study reveals that CaD3 is preferable in solitary osteoporosis prevention. However when osteopenia or validity OP risk factors coexist with dyslipidemia, type II particularly, use of L may be rational because of it's 6th month therapy had rather equal effect to one of year CaD3 consumption.
Vliyanie somatotipa na mineral'nuyu plotnost' kostey skeleta, massu myshechnoy, soedinitel'noy i zhirovoy tkaney
Authors: Sveshnikov A A , Parfenova I A
Published: January 2018

3300 healthy habitants of Ural region were examined with dichromatic bone densitometer «GE/Lunar» (USA). Then they were divided according to somatic type: 1100 normosthenic, 1100 hypersthenic and 1100 asthenic persons. There were formed age groups in female from 16, in male adolescents from 18 to 20 years old with 1-year pace, over 20 up to 80 years old with 5-years pace. It was evaluated how somatic type affects the mineral density of a skeleton, the mass of muscular, connective and adipose tissues. The mineral density in hypersthenic female adolescents was formed at the age of 16, in male - at the age of 18. In normosthenic and asthenic persons of the same age the mineral density was 95% and 92%. In hypersthenic women 80 years of age the mineral density was reduced by 30% from peak bone mass, in normosthenic - by 36% and in asthenic - by 41%. In men these values were 11,17 and 20% pro tanto.
OSOBENNOSTI PSIKhOLOGIChESKOGO STATUSAZhenshchin s postmenopauzal'nym osteoporozom i osteopeniey
Authors: MENDUKShEVA Yu E , KIRPIKOVA M N , ShUTEMOVA E A
Published: January 2018

Psychological characteristics of 59 women with low parameters of bone mineral density (BMD) in comparison with 21 woman with normal BMD in postmenopausal period were investigated. Dual energy x-ray absorpiometry performed to all patients. Symptoms of anxiety were estimated by Spielberg and Khanin's method, a level of depression by CES-D questionnaire, subjective characteristics of state of health and level of pain by visual - analog scale.
Clinically significant symptoms of anxiety and depression took place at women with low BMD. The interrelation of level BMD with expressiveness of depression and anxiety was revealed at patients with osteoporosis.
SOSTOYaNIE KOSTNOY TKANI I RISK RAZVITIYa OSTEOPOROZA U ZhENShchIN V STADII POLNOY REMISSIIBOLEZNI ITsENKO-KUShINGA NA FONE FIZIOLOGIChESKOYMENOPAUZY
Authors: MARChENKOVA L A , DREVAL' A V , POLYaKOVA E Yu , TIShENINA R S , MYLOV N M , ERMAKOVA I P , PRONChENKO I A , BUZULINA V P , RUBIN M P
Published: January 2018

It is well known that clinical signs of endogenous hypercorticism including secondary osteoporosis rapidly reverse on the base of hormonal remission after radiosurgical treatment of Cushing's disease (CD). The aim of the study was to assess BMD and bone turnover biochemical markers in postmenopausal women with complete CD-remission.
We examined 43 women aged 38-67 years in physiological postmenopause who had a complete long-term hormonal CD-remission for at least 2 years (11±6,8 years in average) after combine treatment with hemiadrenalectomy and radiosurgery. Control group comprised 98 healthy postmenopausal women at the same age and postmenopausal age.
Our main findings were BMD in postmenopausal CD-patients was higher vs. controls in lumbar spine (1,233±0,17 vs. 1,146±0,20 g/cm2, p
IZUChENIE PERENOSIMOSTI ALENDRONATA 70 MG (FOSAMAKS 70 MG ODIN RAZ V NEDELYu) I PRIChINOTMENY LEChENIYa U BOL'NYKh POSTMENOPAUZAL'NYMOSTEOPOROZOM V USLOVIYaKh REAL'NOY KLINIChESKOYPRAKTIKI
Authors: LYaLINA V V , MYLOV N M , DMITRIEVA E G , KORVYaKOV E L
Published: January 2018

The aim of study was tolerability and causes of discontinuation to alendronate 70 mg OW therapy in nonresearch real world setting.
We prospectively analyzed 427 female patients (67+8,2years) newly prescribed with alendronate 70mg OW for postmenopausal osteoporosis and followed up during a year. The background of GI diseases was reported in 64% of patients, while 36% were receiving three or more concomitant medications.
30% of patients discontinued therapy throughout the year. The most frequent reasons for treatment discontinuation were unaffordable price of alendronate (20% of all patients; 68% of all discontinuation cases) and GI complaints (9%;29,6%), despite most cases were not assumed to be related to the drug. There were only 3 cases of intolerance to alendronate (0,7%;2,3%).
In persistent patients alendornate was overall well tolerated; in 22% of them minor or mild dyspepsia was reported. The incidence of dyspepsia was not associated with the presence of GI diseases (p=0,953).
The study suggests that a large proportion of GI adverse experiences seen on aledronate treatment may not have causal relationship to therapy. The high rate of GI diseases and concomitant drugs in osteoporosis patients are underestimated in clinical practice.
OTsENKA VLIYaNIYa PERENESENNYKh PERELOMOV LUChEVOYKOSTI NA KAChESTVO ZhIZNI ZhITEL'NITs EKATERINBURGA,STRADAYuShchIKh POSTMENOPAUZAL'NYM OSTEPOROZOM
Authors: POPOV A A , IZMOZhEROVA N V , GAVRILOVA E I , FOMINYKh M I
Published: January 2018

Aim: to assess quality of life (QOL) of postmenopausal women with osteoporosis (OP) complicated by distant forearm fracture (DFF) in comparison with QOL of women with normal bone mineral density (BMD) and non-complicated OP.
Methods: this case control study included 30 women with normal BMD, 30 persons with non-complicated OP and 30 patients with OP, complicated by DFF. SF-36 questionnaire was used to assess QOL..
Results: DFF was associated with restrictions in physical functioning in comparison to other groups (Р
REZUL'TATY RENTGENOMORFOMETRII POZVONOChNIKA U bol'nykh sakharnym diabetom2 tipa
Authors: VERBOVOY A. F. , KUChINA I. D.
Published: January 2018

In this study we analyzed degree, character, spreading and location of vertebral deformation in lateral radiograph of the thoracic and lumbar spine (by method of Felsenberg).We analyzed radiographs 55 patients with diabetes mellitus (25 men and 30 women). Index Saville was also estimated.
Deformation of anterior vertebral areas prevailed over deformations of vertebral bodies in this kind of patients. The conclusion is that diabetes mellitus doesn't go along with frequent development of vertebral osteoporosis.
MINERAL'NAYa PLOTNOST' KOSTII POKAZATELI KOSTNOGO METABOLIZMAU PATsIENTOV S IDIOPATIChESKIM VARIANTOM TsENTRAL'NOGO NESAKhARNOGO DIABETA (TsND)
Authors: PIGAROVA E A , ROZhINSKAYa L Ya , SAZONOVA N I , KOLESNIKOVA G S
Published: January 2018

Central diabetes insipidus is a rare pituitary disease due to impairment of synthesis or/and secretion of vasopressin (AVP), characterized by polyuria, polydipsia, low urine osmolality and hyperosmolality of plasma. Main therapy for CDI is substitutive therapy with desmopressin. Lately, it has been shown that AVP stimulates bone formation through the induction of PG synthesis in mesangial cells, contributing to prevent osteoporosis. Pivonello et al. (1998) found that patients with CDI even on nasal desmopessin therapy had a significant impairment in BMD and serum osteocalcin.
The aim of this study was to assess the biochemical parameters of bone metabolism and the bone mineral density (BMD) in patients with idiopathic variant of CDI, treated with oral desmopressin.
In 24 patients with idiopathic CDI, treated with oral desmopressin and 24 healthy controls we evaluated BMD (analyzer Prodigy, Lunar, DXA), serum osteocalcin (OK) and C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTx), (ECLIA, Roche Elecsys 1010/2010) as well as calcium total, ionized calcium and alkaline phosphatase (analyzer Hitachi 912, commercial kits Roche). Anterior pituitary dysfunction and concomitant conditions associated with osteoporosis were eliminated on clinical and laboratory basis.
The results showed no significant differences between study groups with the exception for ionized calcium which was higher in the group of CDI (p=0,02).
We were not able to confirm detrimental effects of idiopathic CDI on BMD and biochemical markers of bone metabolism.
DINAMIKA MINERAL'NOY PLOTNOSTI KOSTI U RETsIPIENTOV POSLE PERESADKI PEChENI
Authors: Ermakova I P , Moysyuk Ya G , Buzulina V P , Koliashvili T K , Yaroshenko E B , Kornilov M N , Pronchenko I A , Shmerko N P
Published: January 2018

Axial and periferal bone mineral density (BMD) was estimated by DXA twice within 1-47 months in 16 patients following orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). Osteoporosis and osteopenia of lumbar spine and hip were identified in the first examination of all 9 recipients (group 1) with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) and in 5 out of 7 (71%) patients with viral hepatitic cirrhosis (group 2). Recipients which were firstly examined within 1-7 months following OLT (subgroups 1A, 2A) through 9±2.8 months showed in 1A axial BMD elevation (on 20.7+13.2% ; P=0.024) and in 2A axial so as hip BMD elevation (on 10.5+2.7%;P=0.001 and 8.1+5.9%;P< 0.05). Recipients which were examined later 18 months after OLT demonstrated no increase in BMD (subgroups 1B and 2B). Moreover two of them with PBC showed decrease in BMD, probably, as a result of transplant dysfunction and immunosuppression with glucocorticoids.
PATOGENETIChESKAYa SVYaZ' SERDEChNO-SOSUDISTOY PATOLOGIII OSTEOPOROZA U PATsIENTOV STARShIKh VOZRASTNYKh GRUPP.OBZOR DANNYKh LITERATURY
Authors: Ershova O B , Nazarova A V , Belova K Yu
Published: January 2018

Last years a lot of researches in the world were devoted to the problem of relationship between cardiovascular diseases and osteoporosis at elderly patients. According to results of these researches were shown several uniforms pathogenetic mechanisms, and now it allows us to tell about them as about «calcium scarce illnesses». Now there are bases to recognize existence of the general pathologic mediators of the bone and cardiovascular systems which leads to develop of diseases of heart and vessels. Knowledge of the general laws of patho-genesis will allow developing more effective measures on preventive maintenance of their complications and decreasing the frequency of these diseases.
OSTEOPOROZ I SERDEChNO-SOSUDISTYE ZABOLEVANIYa (SSZ) OBUSLOVLENNYE ATEROSKLEROZOM (AS) U ZhENShchIN POSTMENOPAUZAL'NOGO PERIODA:OBShchNOST' POVEDENChESKIKh I SOTsIAL'NYKh FAKTOROV RISKA
Authors: Skripnikova I A , Oganov R G
Published: January 2018

It is spent prospective 15 years research on studying combined pathologies (the atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases and osteoporosis) and the general risk factors of these diseases in women at transition from reproductive in postmenopausal period. It has been shown, that the combination the atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases and osteoporosis at postmenopausal women meets in 8 % of cases. Behavioural risk factors the atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases, such as features ofa food, the body mass, an inactive way of life and smoking have integrated character, promoting development of both pathologies, however influence of these riskfactors on development the diseases a miscellaneous. The social status and reproductive function ofwomen make significant impact on formation of risk factors of cardiovascular diseases and osteoporosis. Timely revealing risk factors and influence on them can promote prevention both the atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases and osteoporosis, to constrain the further development of these diseases and to reduce the economic injury put to public health services and the patient.
THE CORES A SYMPTOM-MODIFYING PREPARATIONS OF THE SLOWEDDOWN ACTION IN THERAPY OF OSTEOARTROSIS
Authors: Badokin V V , Badokin V V
Published: January 2018

Osteoarthritis is the most common disorders of the locomotor system. This is multifaktor disorder and the inflammation in the bones and cartilage, synovial envelope and subhondral bone play the important role in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis. The main symptom-modified drugs are glikozamin sulfate and chondroitine sulfate, which have a high degree of evidence. These agents not only suppress pain and normalize function affected joints but also slowed progression of osteoarthritis, normalize and stabilize the structural changes in gyaline cartilage, warn changes in noninvolved joint. Theraflex is combined and includes both basic structural modifier cartilage. It has all the properties that are called chondroprotektive drugs.
Inhibition of activity of collagen degradation in cartilage of patients with osteoarthrosis byactivation of glycolysis
Authors: Chetina E. V. , Chetina E. V.
Published: January 2018

Aim. To study the effect of glycolysis activators deferrioxamine (DFO), CoCl2, V(SO4)2 and mimosine on
collagen cleavage activity by collagenase in osteoarthritic (OA) articular cartilage explants.
Materials and methods. 32 OA articular cartilages obtained after arthroplasty were examined in the study. Cartilages were cultured in the presence of 10-50μM DFO, CoCl2, V(SO4)2 or mimosine. Collagen cleavage activity was measured by ELISA. Inhibition of protein or DNA synthesis in the presence of [3H]-labeled proline or thymidine, respectively, was used for evaluation of examined agent toxicity.
Results. Glycolysis activators DFO, CoCl2, V(SO4)2 or mimosine were capable of inhibiting type II collagen cleavage activity in OA articular cartilage explants. The examined agents have shown no toxic effect in the concentrations used.
Conclusion. Glycolysis activation in articular chondrocytes may offer a means of inhibiting articular cartilage destruction in OA patients.
MOLEKULYaRNO-GENETIChESKIE MARKERY OSTEOPOROZA U ZhITELEY BLOKADNOGO LENINGRADA
Authors: Semenova O N , Kostik M M , Yagashkina S I , Bogdanova M A , Voytovich A N , Romashkina O S , Shcheplyagina L A , Larionova V I
Published: January 2018

The aim of our study is researching influence of vitamin D and osteocalcin polymorphic gene markers in people, who lived in Blockaded Leningrad in 1941-1944 and detecting “critical age” of peak bone mass formation in these people. We included in our study 48 peoples, 13 males and 35 females. Osteodensitometry of lumbar spine (L1-L4) and proximal hip was used by dualenergy X-ray absorptiometer GE Lunar Prodigy Vision 6. Molecular diagnostic researching are: detecting ApaI, TagI vitamin D receptor (VDR) and HindIII osteocalcin gene polymorphism by polymerase chain reaction with restriction assay. Women with osteopenia of hip neck had significantly higher age in the onset of Blockade, than women without osteopenia. Genotype ТТ and allele Т of TagI, aa genotype of ApaI VDR, genotype hh and allele h of HindIII osteocalcin gene polymorphism will be able as markers of genetic predisposing to osteoporosis in people, who lived in Blockaded Leningrad.
«POKAZATELI MINERAL'NOY PLOTNOSTI KOSTNOY TKANI I UROVEN' 25-GIDROKSIVITAMINA D SYVOROTKI KROVI U ZhENShchIN REPRODUKTIVNOGO VOZRASTA
Authors: KARONOVA T. L.
Published: January 2018

We evaluated the effect of serum Vitamin D level on bone mineral density in 270 women of reproductive age. Insufficiency and deficiency of vitamin D were found in 86.8% of women regardless of the season when the examination was performed. The DXA results showed that every 5th woman had a decreased BMD. Correlation analysis revealed a significant direct relationship between serum vitamin D level and BMD in women up to 40 years old (r=0,48, p=0,04), whereas in those over 40 years this relationship could not be seen. Additional studies are required for further assessment of vitamin D role in bone remodeling