bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Prospective Study of Concussions and Health Outcomes in High School Football Players
Authors: McGuine Timothy A. , Pfaller Adam , Hetzel Scott , Broglio Steven P. , Hammer Erin
Published: September 2020

Context

Football is the most popular sport among US high school students and among the highest for sport-related concussion (SRC) incidence. Limited data detail how SRCs affect high school football players' psychosocial and health status beyond short-term injury recovery.

Objective

To longitudinally assess how SRCs affected symptoms, depression, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in high school football players up to 12 months after SRC.

Design

Prospective cohort study.

Setting

Thirty-one Wisconsin high schools.

Patients or Other Participants

A total of 1176 interscholastic football players (age = 16.0 ± 1.2 years).

Main Outcome Measure(s)

Participants completed the Post-concussion Symptom Scale (PCSS) from the Sport Concussion Assessment Tool 3 (SCAT3), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) for depression, and Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 4.0 (PedsQL) for HRQoL at enrollment. Participants who sustained an SRC repeated each measure within 72 hours of their injury (onset) and at 7 days (D7), return to play (RTP), and 3 months (M3), 6 months (M6), and 12 months (M12) after SRC. Scores at each time point were compared with each participant's baseline using linear mixed models for repeated measures while controlling for age and previous SRC with participant as a random effect.

Results

Sixty-two participants sustained an SRC. Participants reported a higher number of PCSS symptoms, greater symptom severity, and lower PedsQL physical summary scores at onset and D7. From RTP through M12, PCSS symptoms, PCSS severity scores, PedsQL total scores, physical summary, and psychosocial summary were unchanged or improved relative to baseline. The PHQ-9 scores were not higher than baseline at any post-SRC interval.

Conclusions

High school football players in this study who sustained an SRC described no sustained adverse health outcomes (increased PCSS symptoms or symptom severity, increased depression symptoms, or lower HRQoL) after their RTP through M12 after injury.
Замечание к интерполяционному неравенству между пространствами Соболева и Морри
Authors: Tran Minh-Phuong , Nguyen Thanh-Nhan
Published: September 2020

Интерполяционные неравенства играют важную роль в изучении дифференциальных уравнений в частных производных и их приложениях. Здесь все еще имеются интересные открытые вопросы, связанные с интегральными оценками или регулярностью решений
эллиптических и параболических уравнений. Основной результат нашей работы - наблюдение об ограниченности $L^p$-нормы в контексте интерполяционного неравенства между пространствами Соболева и Морри, которое может оказаться полезным в исследованиях. В этой связи мы также строим нетривиальный контрпример, который показывает в определенном смысле оптимальность интервала для допустимых показателей $p$. Наши доказательства опираются на интегральные представления и свойства максимальных
функций Харди-Литтлвуда и Феффермана-Стейна.
О заменах переменной, сохраняющих сходимость
и абсолютную сходимость рядов Фурье по системе всплесков Хаара
Authors: Бицадзе Каха Ростомович , Bitsadze Kakha Rostomovich
Published: September 2020

Устанавливается, что среди всех непрерывно дифференцируемых
гомеоморфных замен переменной абсолютную сходимость
ряда Фурье по системе всплесков Хаара сохраняют только те,
для которых $\varphi^{-1}(0)$ двоично-рационально
и $\varphi'(x)=\pm 2^m$, где $m$ - некоторое целое число
и $x\in\mathbb R$. Также устанавливается, что приведенное
условие необходимо для того, чтобы непрерывно дифференцируемая
гомеоморфная замена переменной сохраняла сходимость ряда Фурье
по системе всплесков Хаара.
Библиография: 11 названий.
Оценки усреднения недивергентных эллиптических
операторов второго порядка
Authors: Сиражудинов Магомед Магомедалиевич , Sirazhudinov Magomed Magomedalievich
Published: September 2020

В работе изучаются вопросы, связанные с усреднением задачи
Дирихле для недивергентного эллиптического уравнения второго
порядка с быстро колеблющими $\varepsilon$-периодическими
коэффициентами. Получены оценки погрешности усреднения
в пространствах Соболева порядка $\sqrt\varepsilon$.
Применяются асимптотические методы усреднения.
Библиография: 19 названий.
Уравнения Дирака, Максвелла как результат объединения
пространства Минковского и пространства ориентаций в семимерное
пространство-время
Authors: Sventkovsky Roman Anatolevich
Published: September 2020

Многокомпонентная волновая функция спиновых и векторный полей
представлена как однокомпонентная в зависимости от положения
и ориентации подвижного, поворачивающегося наблюдателя нулевого
размера. Показано, что уравнения Дирака и Максвелла, постоянная
тонкой структуры являются результатом связи двух пространств:
пространства Минковского и пространства ориентаций (наблюдателя)
и эта связь носит не математический, а физический характер.
Библиография: 11 названий.
Семантические пределы плотных комбинаторных объектов
Authors: Coregliano Leonardo Nagami , Razborov Alexander Alexandrovich
Published: September 2020

Теория пределов дискретных комбинаторных объектов успешно развивается в течение последнего десятилетия. Синтаксический, алгебраический подход к предмету широко известен как "алгебры флагов", тогда как семантический, геометрический подход часто именуется "пределами графов". Язык теории пределов графов в целом более наглядный и выразительный, но той ценой, что он лучше подходит для простых графов, чем для более общих комбинаторных объектов. Сообразно этому, из литературы известны несколько попыток (разной степени общности) определить предельные объекты для более сложных комбинаторных структур.
Настоящая статья - еще одна попытка получить рабочую общую теорию плотных предельных объектов. В отличие от предыдущих усилий в этом направлении (за важным исключением работы А. Ароскара и Дж. Каммингса 2014 г.), наши построения основаны
на тех же понятиях логики первого порядка и теории моделей, что используются в теории алгебр флагов.
Показано, что наши определения естественным образом охватывают многие ранее рассматривавшиеся случаи (такие как графоны, гиперграфоны,
направленные графоны, пермутоны, посетоны, раскрашенные графы и пр.),
а фундаментальные свойства существования и единственности распространяются
на этот более общий случай. Также приведено наглядное общее доказательство
непрерывного варианта индуцированной леммы об удалении,
основанное на теореме компактности для логики высказываний.
Особо выделяется понятие открытой интерпретации, часто позволяющее переносить
методы и результаты с одной ситуации на другую. И в этом случае показано,
что некоторые ранее известные рассуждения можно довольно естественно выразить
на таком языке.
Библиография: 68 названий.
Стабильная разложимость матриц над рациональным замыканием групповой алгебры упорядоченной группы
Authors: Dubrovin Nicolai Ivanovich
Published: September 2020

В предположении, что рациональное замыкание групповой алгебры левоупорядоченной группы в кольце операторов модуля формальных рядов Мальцева будет телом, приводится каноническая форма невырожденных матриц этого тела.
Библиография: 10 названий.
The Effect of Foreign Language Education on Preschoolers’ Native Language Development
Authors: Uslu Banu , Ersan Ceyhun
Published: September 2020

The present study is conducted to examine how foreign language education may affect preschool children's native language development. The study was carried out with 70 children who were 48-60 months-old and attending a public preschool in Alanya, a district of Antalya, in Turkey. The Solomon Four-Group Design was used. Children’s native language skills were assessed via the Turkish Early Language Development Test (Tedil-3) and the experimental process took 8 weeks. Mann Whitney U and Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Tests were used in the analysis of the data as the data did not show normal distribution. After determining the effect of the experimental procedure, the children included in the control groups were subjected to the same experimental procedure for 8 weeks under the “right to benefit from the experiment process” which has never been applied before in any studies in Turkey. The findings were discussed within the framework of the literature and various suggestions were presented.
Participation Patterns and Effectiveness of Out-of-School Time Mathematics Classes
Authors: Yin Ming
Published: September 2020

Although shadowed by the institutionalization of contemporary schooling, out-of-school time and space encompass a variety of learning possibilities and are socially organized to enable and maintain educational privileges for some students but not for others. Out-of-school time (OST) curricular instructions have been expanding globally and more visible in East Asia. Relying on multilevel ordered logistic regression and generalized propensity score analysis; this study investigated the participation patterns and effectiveness of OST mathematics education in Shanghai, China. Family socioeconomic background and opportunity-to-learn indices of mainstream schooling were found to strongly link to participation in OST mathematics education. Higher socioeconomic status and more household resources were associated with higher likelihood of participating in OST mathematics education. Negative school-level opportunity-to-learn indices, such as problematic classroom disciplinary climate and insufficient mathematics instructional time, correlated with greater odds of OST mathematics participation. In addition, this study found a significant relationship between OST mathematics learning and mathematics study behaviors, with higher intensity of OST mathematics instruction triggering more positive study ethics and habits. Yet, no significant association between OST mathematics education and PISA mathematics achievement was identified. These findings profoundly illuminated the multi-layered interconnections between formal schooling and OST education and contributed to the discussions about structures of educational equality during out-of-school time.
The recurrence relations of order statistics moments for power Lomax distribution
Authors: KUMAR DEVENDRA , DEY SANKU , NASSAR MAZEN , YADAV PREETI
Published: September 2020

The power Lomax distribution due to Rady et al. (2016) is an alternative to and provides better fits for bladder cancer data (Lee and Wang, 2003) than the Lomax, exponential Lo- max, Weibull Lomax, extended Poisson Lomax and beta Lomax distributions. Exact explicit expressions as well as recurrence relations for the single and double (product) moments have been derived from the power Lomax distribution. These recurrence relations enable computation of the mean, variance, skewness and kurtosis of all order statistics for all sample sizes in a simple and efficient manner. By using these relation, the mean, variance, skewness and kurtosis of order statistics for sample sizes up to 5 for various values of shape and scale parameters are tabulated. Finally, remission times (in months) of bladder cancer patients have been analyzed to show how the proposed relations work in practice.
Financial Re-Engineering and Financial Performance of Saccos
Authors: Esokomi Emily , Otuya Willys
Published: September 2020

Purpose: The current study sought to establish the trends in financial re-engineering and financial performance of SACCOs and present existing knowledge gaps that need to be filled based on studies done in other contexts.

Methodology: The study adopted a desktop literature review method (desk study). This involved an in-depth review of studies related to financial re-engineering and its effects on financial performance of SACCOs. Three sorting stages were implemented on the subject under study that is financial reengineering and financial performance of SACCOs, in order to determine the viability of the subject for research. After an in-depth search into the top key words (financial strategies, financial innovation, financial reengineering and financial performance of SACCOs), the researcher arrived at 15 articles that were suitable for analysis.

Results: The study noted that from the survey, majority of the studies were based and cited most between the year 2012 and 2018, implying the relevance of the subject in the current decade. From the analysis, most of the publications on financial reengineering and financial performance of SACCOs, were from the renowned Journal published under various journal platforms. This is an indication of the credibility of the subject under review by many scholars. In addition, the survey provides evidence as to why the subject under review is of importance in the African context since majority of the studies under review were from the European and Asian regions.  A trend analysis was conducted indicating that over the period the studies were researched. Financial reengineering and performance subject have been receiving the concerns by various authors. This was drawn from the upwards increasing trend in the subject of the study since 2012 to 2019. The survey likewise found that descriptive research design was the trending technique to survey studies on financial reengineering and performance. Majority of the studies from the analysis revealed a positive relationship between financial reengineering and financial performance of SACCOs.

Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: Based on the survey findings, the study recommended that financial reengineering effect on financial performance in SACCOs is a maiden study that other authors from other parts can use to base future studies on. Findings from this study may be used to shape policy in the area of managing financial performance in SACCOs. Currently, the existing financial strategies are weak, not standard and not competitive since the competition from other related financial institutions is stiff. The findings would help to further develop an adaptive strategy for to step up in the competition in the financial sector.
EFFECTS OF QUALITY OF BANK PRODUCTS AND SERVICES ON THE PERFORMANCE OF COMMERCIAL BANKS IN MAKUENI COUNTY
Authors: Mutunga Michael Nzuma , Wamitu Susan Njeri
Published: September 2020

Purpose: The main purpose of this study was to determine the effect of enhanced quality of bank products and services on the performance of commercial banks in Makueni County.

Methodology: This study adopted a descriptive research design. The target population was all the 219 employees from the commercial bank branches in Makueni County from which 130 study participants were sampled; 65 bank managers and 65 assistant managers. A questionnaire was designed, piloted and used to collect data from the study participants. All necessary ethical issues were considered during and after data collection process. Statistical Package for Social Scientists Version 21 was used in data analysis to generate both descriptive and inferential statistics.

Findings: There was a positive relationship between the quality of services and products and performance of commercial banks in Makueni County. The regression results also revealed that quality of products and services had a significant influence on the performance of commercial banks at p = 0.015. 

Unique contributions to theory, practice and policy: The quality of bank services and products is a major determinant of the performance of commercial banks in the area of study. The findings were similar to those of another study carried out by Odeny (2016).  Since contingency theory argues that there is no single best approach in the management of institutions, the study recommends that continuous research is necessary in commercial banks to establish areas of service and product improvement for their continued high performance.
Arquitetura para integração de bibliotecas digitais geográficas por meio de mecanismos de geoprocessamento no contexto da ciência da informação
Authors: Silva Marcel Santos , Borsetti Gregorio Vidotti Silvana Aparecida
Published: September 2020

Objetivo: Construir uma arquitetura conceitual, com elementos para a criação de uma Biblioteca Digital Geográfica, utilizando os padrões e os conceitos da Ciência da Informação em conjunto com o Geoprocessamento.Método: Por meio de um estudo teórico, exploratório e bibliográfico nas áreas de Ciência da Informação e Geoprocessamento, foi possível desenvolver um modelo conceitual de arquitetura para a Biblioteca Digital Geográfica.  A proposta foi estruturada em três camadas: a Cliente, responsável pelo processo de visualização; a Aplicação, que possui os processos de gerenciamento e análise; e a camada de dados, que contempla os serviços Web de dados, com foco na recuperação de metadados, via protocolo PMH (Protocol Metadata Harvesting).Resultado: A arquitetura conceitual criada atendeu os requisitos de representação da informação, as formas de comunicação com o protocolo de coleta de metadados e objetos digitais, possibilitando assim, o compartilhamento dos acervos informacionais geográficos distribuídos em diferentes Bibliotecas Digitais Geográficas ao redor do mundo. Os elementos informacionais enfocados no Geoprocessamento e as formas de representação temática e descritiva, de organização e recuperação de informação da Ciência da Informação confirmou-se o potencial de utilização recíproca e compartilhada de conceitos e ferramentas destas duas áreas.Conclusões: Os principais aspectos da pesquisa foram: com a implantação das três camadas e quatro processos, é possível a utilização de sistema de informações geográficas e aplicativos de interface ao usuário para facilitar o processo de compartilhamento e recuperação da informação. A utilização do gerenciador e do padrão de metadados proporciona a recuperação de informação precisa, juntamente com o editor de geo-ontologia único para todas as bibliotecas participantes.
Evaluation of the Performance of ASTA MicroIDSys, a Novel Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization-Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry System, in Identification of Bacterial Clinical Isolates
Authors: Liu Changseung , Lee Eunjung , Kim Dokyun , Jeong Seok Hoon
Published: September 2020

Background: We evaluated the performance of ASTA MicroIDSys (ASTA, Korea) and Bruker Biotyper (Bruker Daltonics, Germany) systems in the identification of bacterial isolates from clinical microbiology laboratory specimens during the study period. In addition, species for which the identification accuracy using MALDI-TOF MS systems was previously reported to be poor were also identified by comparing the MS results with those obtained using molecular identification. Methods: A total of 889 non-duplicated clinical isolates were included in this study. The results of ASTA MicroIDSys were compared with those of Bruker Biotyper; 16S rRNA sequencing was performed for the species for which results obtained using the two systems did not match. The sequences of rpoB, hisA, and/or recA for the clinical isolates of Acinetobacter species, Klebsiella species, and Burkholderia cepacia complex were analyzed and used as reference identifications. Results: The concordance rates for bacterial identification using ASTA MicroIDSys and Bruker Biotyper were 100% at the genus level and 98.3% at the species level for isolates belonging to the order Enterobacterales. Similarly, the concordance rates at the genus and species levels were 98.8% and 91.0% for glucose non-fermenting bacilli, 100% and 100% for gram-positive cocci, and 98.9% and 98.9% for other isolates, respectively. ASTA MicroIDSys was expected to correctly identify 97.9% of the 108,251 isolates identified in our clinical microbiology laboratory over the past 5 years. Conclusion: ASTA MicroIDSys showed excellent performance in bacterial identification for most of the clinically relevant species. Further extension of the database could improve the identification accuracy of ASTA MicroIDSys.
Isolation of Carnobacterium divergens from Blood Culture in Korea : A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Jeong In Hwa , Ahn Gyu Dae , Kim Namhee , Kim Kyung Hee , Shin Sang Dong , Han Jin Yeong , Woo Gwang Sook
Published: September 2020

Carnobacterium is a genus of gram-positive bacilli belonging to the family Lactobacillaceae. Generally, Carnobacterium species are considered nonpathogenic to humans and are mostly found in the natural environment, food, and food packaging. Furthermore, some Carnobacterium species play a bioprotective role in the food industry. Isolation of Carnobacterium from human blood or other sites, such as skin or abscess, has rarely been reported—there are only four published case reports worldwide, and none of them is from Korea. In all the reported cases, the patients reported contact with an aqueous environment or were administered nutrition via a parenteral route. Herein, we report the detection of Carnobacterium divergens bacteremia in an immunocompromised patient by using mass spectrometry in Korea.
A Case Report of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Fungemia in a Premature Infant Following Probiotic Treatment
Authors: Lee Jaewoong , Kim Hyunjung , Lee Hae Kyung , Park Yeon-Joon
Published: September 2020

Probiotics are used to restore and maintain the healthy intestinal microflora. Although Saccharomyces cerevisiae (SC) is considered as a non-pathogenic yeast, administration of SC as a probiotic is associated with a rare cause of fungemia in immunocompromised patients with central venous catheter insertion. We encountered a case of SC fungemia in a premature infant who presented with respiratory distress syndrome and had undergone central venous catheterization.
Translation and Publication of the Book, “One Health: People, Animals, and the Environment”
Authors: Kim Young Ah , Kim Hyunsoo , Chang Chulhun L.
Published: September 2020

The Coronavirus Disease 19 (COVID-19), which emerged as pneumonia from an unknown agent for the first time at the end of 2019, has dramatically transformed our world into one that is highly unrecognizable today. Newly emerging infectious diseases have been occurring more frequently than ever. Opportunities of such deadly microorganisms to adapt to humans—as well as spread between people on a massive scale—are growing because of active human mobility. We have translated and published the book, “One Health: People, Animals, and the Environment.” The original book, published in 2014 by ASM Press, shows the concept and applications of One Health. The current book comprises five parts: definition and importance of One Health, zoonotic and environmental drivers of emerging infectious diseases, One Health and antibiotic resistance, disease surveillance, and realizing the One Health Initiative’s objectives. This translation and publication was the first science book publishing project performed under the name of the Korean Society of Clinical Microbiology. We are actively working toward providing academic information and advancing our identity in other scientific fields as well as to the public.
Convective self–aggregation in a mean flow
Authors: Jung Hyunju , Naumann Ann Kristin , Stevens Bjorn
Published: September 2020

Abstract. Convective self-aggregation is an atmospheric phenomenon found in numerical simulations in a radiative convective equilibrium framework of which configuration captures the main characteristics of the real-world convection in the deep tropics. As tropical deep convection is typically embedded in a large-scale flow, we impose a background mean wind flow on convection-permitting simulations through the surface flux calculation. The simulations show that with imposing mean flow, the organized convective system propagates in the direction of the flow but slows down compared to what pure advection would suggest, and eventually becomes stationary relative to the surface after 15 simulation days. The termination of the propagation arises from momentum flux, which acts as a drag on the near-surface horizontal wind. In contrast, the thermodynamic response through the wind-induced surface heat exchange feedback is a relatively small effect, which slightly retards (by about 15 %) the convection relative to the mean wind.
Response of biological productivity to North Atlantic marine front migration during the Holocene
Authors: Harning David J. , Jennings Anne E. , Köseoğlu Denizcan , Belt Simon T. , Geirsdóttir Áslaug , Sepúlveda Julio
Published: September 2020

Abstract. Marine fronts delineate the boundary between distinct water masses and, through the advection of nutrients, are important facilitators of regional productivity and biodiversity. As the modern climate continues to change the migration frontal zones is evident, but a lack of information about their status prior to instrumental records hinders future projections. Here, we combine data from lipid biomarkers (archaeal isoprenoid glycerol dibiphytanyl glycerol tetraethers and algal highly branched isoprenoids) with planktic and benthic foraminifera assemblage to detail the biological response of the marine Arctic and Polar Front migrations on the North Iceland Shelf (NIS) over the last 8 ka. This multi-proxy approach enables us to quantify the thermal structure relating to Arctic and Polar Front migration, and test how this influences the corresponding changes in local pelagic productivity. Our data show that following an interval of Atlantic Water influence, the Arctic Front and its associated high pelagic productivity stabilized on the NIS at ~ 6.1 ka BP. Following a subsequent trend of regional cooling, Polar Water from the East Greenland Current and the associated Polar Front spread onto the NIS by ~ 3.8 ka BP, greatly diminishing local algal productivity. Within the last century, the Arctic and Polar Fronts have moved back to their current positions relative to the NIS and helped stimulate the productivity that partially supports Iceland's economy. Our Holocene records from the NIS provide important analogues for how the current frontal configuration and the productivity that it supports may change as global temperatures continue to rise.
Intra-annual variability of the Western Mediterranean Oscillation (WeMO) and occurrence of extreme torrential precipitation in Catalonia (NE Iberia)
Authors: Lopez-Bustins Joan Albert , Arbiol-Roca Laia , Martin-Vide Javier , Barrera-Escoda Antoni , Prohom Marc
Published: September 2020

Abstract. In previous studies the Western Mediterranean Oscillation index (WeMOi) at
daily resolution has proven to constitute an effective tool for analysing
the occurrence of episodes of torrential precipitation over eastern Spain.
The western Mediterranean region is a very sensitive area, since
climate change can enhance these weather extremes. In the present study we
created a catalogue of the extreme torrential episodes (≥200 mm in 24 h) that took place in Catalonia (NE Iberia) during the 1951–2016 study
period (66 years). We computed daily WeMOi values and constructed WeMOi
calendars. Our principal result reveals the occurrence of 50 episodes (0.8 cases per year), mainly concentrated in the autumn. We confirmed a threshold of WeMOi ≤ −2 to define an extreme negative WeMO phase at daily resolution. Most of the 50 episodes (60 %) in the study area occurred on days presenting an extreme negative WeMOi value. Specifically, the most negative WeMOi values are detected in autumn, from 11 to 20 October, coinciding with the highest frequency of extreme torrential events. On comparing the subperiods, we observed a statistically significant decrease in WeMOi values in all months, particularly in late October and in November and December. No changes in the frequency of these extreme torrential episodes were observed between both subperiods. In contrast, a displacement of the extreme torrential episodes is detected from early to late autumn; this can be related to a statistically significant warming of sea temperature.
The Ekman spiral for piecewise-uniform viscosity
Authors: Dritschel David G. , Paldor Nathan , Constantin Adrian
Published: September 2020

Abstract. We re-visit Ekman's (1905) classic problem of wind-stress-induced
ocean currents to help interpret observed deviations from Ekman's
theory, in particular from the predicted surface current deflection
of 45∘. While previous studies have shown that such
deviations can be explained by a vertical eddy viscosity varying
with depth, as opposed to the constant profile taken by Ekman,
analytical progress has been impeded by the difficulty in solving
Ekman's equation. Herein, we present a solution for
piecewise-constant eddy viscosity which enables a comprehensive
understanding of how the surface deflection angle depends on the
vertical profile of eddy viscosity. For two layers, the
dimensionless problem depends only on the depth of the upper layer
and the ratio of layer viscosities. A single diagram then allows
one to understand the dependence of the deflection angle on these
two parameters.
Transient Megaesophagus Following Coral Snake Envenomation in Three Dogs (2013–2018)
Authors: Heinz Justin Andrew , Mankin Joseph , Pashmakova Medora
Published: September 2020

A 12 yr old dachshund, a 7 yr old English springer spaniel, and a 1.5 yr old French bulldog presented following envenomation by a coral snake. Each patient displayed evidence of varying degrees of lower motor neuron dysfunction, but all three developed transient megaesophagus. Two patients developed secondary aspiration pneumonia, with one requiring mechanical ventilation, which the owners declined, resulting in euthanasia. The third developed hypoventilation without aspiration pneumonia, was mechanically ventilated, and was successfully weaned. In the two surviving patients, the megaesophagus resolved by time of discharge. Coral snake envenomation is an uncommon occurrence, and these are the first documented cases of transient megaesophagus secondary to a North American species.
استخدام الروبوتات الذكية في المكتبات الجامعية: التجارب العالمية، والواقع الراهن في بلدان المغرب العربي
Authors: سردوك علي
Published: September 2020

ملخص

تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى تسليط الضوء على أهمية تقنية الذكاء الاصطناعي بصفة عامة والروبوتات الذكية على وجه التحديد في خدمة المكتبات، من خلال عرض أهم التجارب العالمية في استغلال هذه التكنولوجيا داخل المكتبة. ومن أجل التركيز على الواقع المغاربي، تم إجراء دراسة مسحية على عينة من المكتبات الجامعية المغاربية لمعرفة مدى استخدامها لتكنولوجيا الذكاء الاصطناعي وآفاق ذلك مستقبلًا. وقد خلصت الدراسة إلى أن بعض المكتبات الأوروبية والأمريكية والآسيوية قد خطت خطوة متميزة نحو استغلال الذكاء الاصطناعي في بعض أنشطة المكتبات، في حين أن المكتبات المغاربية لا تولي أهمية لتلك التكنولوجيا كأداة استراتيجية لتطوير سبل إدارة المعرفة، والوضع لا يبعث على التفاؤل في المستقبل القريب.
Multiple Intelligences and Success in School Studies
Authors: Yavich Roman , Rotnitsky Irina
Published: September 2020

The applications of multiple intelligence theory in education are wide. Students apply the learning in the classroom according to their own dominant intelligence and learning style, which is most effective for them. Combining learning styles with dominant intelligences enhances the students' learning processes.The purpose of this case study is to examine the relationship between dominant intelligences according to Gardner's multiple intelligence theory and middle school students' academic achievement. A case study was conducted in Israel, in a middle school, among seventh-graders and involved 158 students.Findings indicated that in excellent classes - 80.9% of students had logical intelligence, in at least one of the levels of dominance; in ordinary classes only 48.4% of students have logical intelligence, at least in one of the levels of dominance. We also examined the relationship between the amount of dominant intelligences among students in all classes, excellent and ordinary. Findings indicated that in excellent classes the percentage of students with two or three dominant intelligences was higher than the percentage in ordinary classes. It is important to note that these are not just the logical and verbal, but also all types of intelligences, such as spatial, musical, kinetic and others.In conclusion, the dominant intelligences that highly influence and measure achievement in the education system are not the logical-mathematical and the linguistic-verbal, but the only logical-mathematical. Moreover, the amount of intelligences at the dominant levels can predict and indicate student's success at school.
Instructional and Business Continuity Amid and Beyond COVID-19 Outbreak: A Case Study from the Higher Colleges of Technology
Authors: AlShamsi Abdullatif , Mohaidat Jihad , Al Hinai Noura , Samy Ahmed
Published: September 2020

With the announcement of COVID-19 as pandemic, and the call for social distancing, academic institutions reacted by shutting campuses and calling for the shift to virtual online delivery. In HCT, we conducted this study in an effort to sustain success in these global challenging times of crisis that is informed by strategic foresight.HCT called for an all-online delivery starting March 22, 2020 after a two-day pilot in the preceding week. HCT readiness is a result of orchestrating: an ecosystem perspective on digital transformation, a forth-looking institutional strategy that has technology utilization as a major pillar, an education technology strategy, and a comprehensive set of intelligent learning tools.Forward-looking scenarios were designed based on two critical uncertainties: (1) COVID-19 longevity and (2) socio-economic disruption. These scenarios are: Divine Mercy, Recovery Mode, New Norm, and Survival of the Fittest. Subsequently, the features of each scenario are assessed for implications on HCT’s business and support operations, and the proactive strategies are documented to cope with these implications.During the full online delivery mode period, HCT recorded 86% satisfaction amongst its faculty and 54% amongst its student body, delivered 234,000 hours through 61,000 online classes, and delivered over 21,000 hours of online professional development (PD). Over the same period, more than 1900 non-faculty employees have been running business as usual from home.Envisioning future scenarios and preparing the organization for them is a practice that should be deployed in parallel to emergency response efforts to ensure successful business continuity.
“Yes, the type of student supervision matters, but what about the placement structure?” - A critical realist review of block and integrated practice learning models within pre-registration nursing programmes
Authors: Coleman Phil
Published: September 2020

This paper highlights the importance of effective clinical experiences for pre-registration nursing students and the wealth of published work associated with practice learning, particularly regarding approaches to student supervision during a practicum. It draws attention to frequent calls within nursing literature for longer placements; many of which fail to either identify the perceived benefits of such change or state whether a longer practicum should involve increased practice learning hours or redistribute existing hours over an extended period; key omissions given the resource-intensive nature of providing these educational opportunities. It also highlights a paucity of research regarding the effect of placement duration and intensity on clinical learning and that practicum design is commonly shaped by custom, practice, operational and financial considerations rather than a sound educational rationale. A Critical Realist review of studies associated with two fundamental placement structures, the block, and integrated models, is offered to consider their strengths and limitations. Moreover, work that evaluates initiatives offering students paid employment in caring roles undertaken alongside a pre-registration programme and therefore displaying similarities to the integrated practice learning model are examined. The review concludes that, as yet, there is insufficient empirical evidence to recommend the targeted application of either a block or integrated placement model within any specific part of a pre-registration nursing programme, calls for greater consistency in the language of placement structure and outlines the author’s own current work contributing to the extremely limited body of knowledge available regarding this aspect of curriculum design within nurse education.
Postoperative depression in patients after coronary
artery bypass grafting (CABG) – a review of the
literature
Authors: Stanicki Paweł , Szarpak Julita , Wieteska Małgorzata , Kaczyńska Agnieszka , Milanowska Joanna
Published: September 2020

Introduction: Ischemic heart disease is the most common cause of death in the world. The lives of patients with vascular defects can be saved by coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). However, it is associated with an increased risk of developing depression after surgery.
Meterial and Methods: The aim of the study is to present the results of the latest research on postoperative depression after CABG, including studies describing the course of the disease, its consequences for the patient’s prognosis and treatment. The publications available on the PubMed platform published after 2011 were reviewed.
Results: Depression before and after CABG affects 30–40% of patients, mostly women. Established after surgery and untreated, it persists for many years. The level of anxiety in patients decreases systematically after surgery. Indicators that may correlate with the patient’s postoperative depression, including cortisol, high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and oxidative stress biomarkers, are being investigated. The occurrence of depression in patients after CABG has a number of negative consequences. Those include: weaker response to treatment, greater chance of relapse, and increased readmission frequency and mortality. Treatment of patients with this disorder involves the use of antidepressants (most often SSRIs – selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor) and/or various types of psychotherapy with cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) at the forefront.
Conclusions: Depression following CABG decreases the quality of life and worsens patient prognosis. It is necessary to detect this condition early after surgery and to apply treatment, taking into account the cardiological disorders of the patient.
The Law of Diminishing Returns
Authors: Murphet Julian , Murphet Julian
Published: September 2020

This chapter tracks Todd Solondz's canny cinematic homeopathy with the nation's overarching economic decline under several rubrics. The first is the built environment of his films, interested as they are in the aesthetically valueless architecture of “junkspace.” Next, the chapter examines his stylistic posture of “left classicism,” which borrows key aesthetic principles from the dominant industry, only to drain them of their usual affirmative functions. His several ontological gestures of “eternal recurrence,” offered with the twist of a general decline in standards, are then explored. Afterward, the chapter discusses his determined interest in the dynamic opposition between playful sequences of fantasy and escape and unendurable long takes of truly intolerable material. Finally, his thematic preoccupation with the excremental function of the “gift of shit,” which he analyzes in an exhaustive fashion, is studied.
The Japan Mission
Authors: McKay David O.
Published: September 2020

With morning sun gleaming on the hills of Yokohama, David O. McKay and Hugh J. Cannon took in their initial view of the Japanese mainland on December 23, 1920. McKay was the first LDS apostle to visit the Japan Mission since 1903; overwhelmed by scenery, customs, and languages so different from his native rural Utah, McKay records his personal observations of jinrikisha rides and site visits as they toured the mission with Joseph H. Stimpson, its president. The duo spent Christmas and New Year’s Day in Japan, visiting with church members, missionaries, and other locals. The church’s only Asian mission struggled mightily in its first two decades to maintain its missionary force and convert the natives. By 1920, there were only 127 baptized Japanese members.
Touring Korea and China
Authors: McKay David O.
Published: September 2020

On January 6, 1921, McKay and Cannon departed from Shimonoseki, Japan, on a steamer bound for Pusan, Korea. Over the next ten days, they traveled up the Korean peninsula towards Manchuria, eventually entering northern China. After arriving in Beijing (Peking), McKay dedicated the “Chinese realm” for the future preaching of Mormonism. McKay spent time observing the Asiatic customs of the day, frequently making comparisons between the Korean, Chinese, and Japanese peoples. McKay made clear his frustrations with local beggars and commented on the poverty-stricken state of the Asian countryside. Having completed their tour, the two men traveled south to Shanghai, where, on January 16, they departed on the steamer Tenyo Maruru for Yokohama to conclude their tour of the Japan Mission.
Return to Japan
Authors: McKay David O.
Published: September 2020

Returning to Japan, McKay and Cannon prepared for their final seventeen days in the Orient. They passed through Nagasaki, Kobe, Kyoto, and Sapporo before finally arriving in Yokohama. Amid their responsibilities of making recommendations for the improvement of the island’s missionary labors, navigating a change in mission leadership, and attending meetings, McKay took time to note some general observations from his inaugural foray into Asia. On January 26, McKay and Cannon again boarded the steamship Tenyo Maruru, this time bound for the Hawaiian Islands. After more than a week at sea, they arrived at Honolulu ready for the next leg of the tour.
The Hawaiian Mission
Authors: McKay David O.
Published: September 2020

McKay’s steamship docked at Honolulu, Hawaii, on February 4, 1921. The tropical beauty of the islands impressed McKay as he ventured throughout the islands. Mormon missionaries had enjoyed proselyting success in the Hawaiian Islands since their arrival in the 1850s. McKay spoke at well-attended conferences across the islands, visited church-owned plantations and schools, and were immersed in the local culture. McKay noted the multicultural composition of the local church membership, enjoyed homemade luaus prepared by local Latter-day Saints, offered guidance to young missionaries, and marveled at geographic landmarks, including volcanoes, coral reefs, and waterfalls. On February 26, 1921, McKay and Cannon boarded a steamer bound for San Francisco, California, where they planned to transfer steamers and travel to French Polynesia.
The Samoan Mission
Authors: McKay David O.
Published: September 2020

McKay arrived in Samoa on May 10, 1921 and spent time on all three principal islands—Savai’i, Upolu, and Tutuila. During his visit, he toured plantations, humble meetinghouses, and two of the church’s schools in Misusage and Sauniatu. McKay and Cannon were repeatedly feted as honored guests by local tribal chiefs at cultural celebrations, concerts, and dances; received ornate handmade gifts; and were well fed by local church members. Bidding the Saints farewell to the islanders was never an easy task; one memorable experience unfolded at Sauniatu, when McKay felt impressed to turn back to a group of church members and give them his apostolic blessing. In memory of his act, the local saints erected a concrete obelisk. For decades thereafter, May 31 was referred to and celebrated as “McKay Day.”
The Tongan Mission
Authors: McKay David O.
Published: September 2020

After touring the Samoan Mission, McKay and Cannon briefly separated. While Cannon sailed to New Zealand to secure their future travel itinerary and steamship tickets, McKay headed to neighboring Tonga alone. Fearing a measles outbreak, McKay and his fellow passengers were forced to endure two weeks of quarantine on a remote islet near Nukualofa at the behest of the local government. McKay’s long, hot days were enlivened by exploring coral beds, reading Shakespeare, and holding religious services. When the confinement ended, McKay visited the islands of Tongatapu, Vavau, and Haapai to inspect church plantations, schools, and the mission home. His interisland voyages were often conducted on subpar boats, piloted by less-than-sober captains in perilous weather. At the end of his tour, McKay boarded a steamer for New Zealand.
New Zealand Revisited
Authors: McKay David O.
Published: September 2020

David O. McKay’s return to New Zealand was punctuated by several reunions, one with his travel companion Hugh J. Cannon, and others with members and missionaries he met on his earlier visit. McKay and Cannon visited Maori villages, the Maori Agricultural College at Korongata, and member congregations around the island. Impressed by certain church leaders and their families, the Maori people and their culture, and the enterprising missionaries he encountered on this leg of his journey, McKay noted several outstanding challenges facing the Maori Agricultural College. The two visitors remained in New Zealand from July 18 to August 2, 1921. From Auckland, the pair set sail aboard the SS Ulimaroa for Australia, their final stop on their tour of the church’s Pacific missions.
Hysteria or Tetanus?
Authors: Boddice Rob
Published: September 2020

This chapter details a mass outbreak of hysterical tetanus onboard an emigrant ship bound for Australia from London in the winter of 1874-75. Building a historical context of possibilities for the expression of emotional suffering, it argues that the ship served as an emotional refuge, allowing the female passengers a gestural expression that would be recognized by the medical staff as a diagnosable pathology. The epidemic nature of the outbreak, in which patients assumed the classic tetanic arch of Charcot's clinic, is evidence of a successful emotive process, and affords a novel way for historians to read for bodily signs of emotional pain.
Performing Compassion in Wartime
Authors: Arrizabalaga Jon
Published: September 2020

The civil wars of Spain in the 1870s were the true baptism of fire for the Spanish Red Cross (SRC) and the first major civil conflict that the Red Cross international movement had to confront in its early times. This article explores the humanitarian narratives during the Second Carlist War (1872-1876) by two major leaders of the early SRC: the medical officer and its first general inspector, Nicasio Landa (1830-1891), and the lawyer, social reformer, and first secretary of the SRC’s Central Section of Ladies, Concepción Arenal (1820-1893). By means of letters, reports, and articles addressed to rather different audiences, both of them aimed to perform civilian population’s compassion toward the victims of the civil war and to empower emergent humanitarian bodies such as the SRC.
Humanitarian Emotions through History
Authors: Hutchison Emma
Published: September 2020

This chapter explores how the emotional dimensions of witnessing human hardship play a key role in shaping humanitarian practices. While images of suffering have evoked a range of emotions, contemporary commentators lament that a “politics of pity” fuels Western humanitarian practices. Even if it could seem a recent phenomenon, these emotions have a history. This chapter examines the emergence of humanitarian emotions by linking early modern depictions of suffering with contemporary media images of crises. Furthermore, it analyses how representing distant suffering has led to a “politics of pity.” Exposing the contingency of such emotions, this chapter concludes by emphasizing how feelings hold immanent possibilities for political transformations.
The Anointing Makes the Difference
Authors: Butler Melvin L.
Published: September 2020

This chapter introduces the life and ministry of Pastor Hermine Bryan, whose explanations of ritual flow and spiritual anointing serve as critical "data” to support an analysis of Pentecostal conceptions of human and divine musical agency. An emphasis is placed on women’s roles in musical worship, which are presented as vital to the negotiations of social and spiritual power that occur within and beyond Pentecostal services. Based on fieldwork at Riversdale Pentecostal Church in the parish of St. Catherine, this chapter argues that the gendered processes of experiencing transcendence and “being anointed” by God are of paramount importance to those seeking divine approval and power. Reaching these goals requires practitioners to engage their bodies and minds in the act of worship, and music is shown to be critical to the perceived success of this endeavor.