bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MEMBANGUN PERTAHANAN DAN KEAMANAN SIBER NASIONAL INDONESIA GUNA MENGHADAPI ANCAMAN SIBER GLOBAL MELALUI INDONESIA SECURITY INCIDENT RESPONSE TEAM ON INTERNET INFRASTRUCTURE (ID-SIRTII)
Authors: Arianto Adi Rio , Anggraini Gesti
Published: August 2020

Terbentuknya “Indonesia Security Incident Response Team on Internet Infrastructure (ID-SIRTII)” merupakan langkah taktis dari Kementerian Komunikasi dan Informatika Republik Indonesia guna mewujudkan stabilitas informasi, perlindungan siber, dan segala bentuk ancamannya. Studi ini mendalami pentingnya ID-SIRTII dalam mencegah ancaman siber global. Hasil studi menemukan bahwa ancaman siber di Indonesia sangat kompleks, melihat variasi dari aktor, motif, dan targetnya. Kompleksitas ini dapat dijelaskan melalui empat aspek berikut, yaitu: (1) berangkat dari studi Geometripolitika, fungsionalisme siber berada dalam dua domain, yaitu “fungsionalisme siber untuk tujuan politik tingkat tinggi (geometrik militer)” berupa formulasi dan aktivasi kekuasaan Siber guna menghadapi Perang Siber Global (PSG), Perang Geometri Antarbangsa (PGA), dan kompleksitas terbentuknya Negara Maya atau Pemerintahan Siber; dan “fungsionalisme siber untuk tujuan politik tingkat normal (geometrik sipil)” berupa perlindungan aktivitas sipil di dunia maya; (2) guna mencegah kejahatan siber, implementasi kebijakan ID-SIRTII terintegrasi dengan peran strategis institusi siber nasional; (3) guna menghadapi Ancaman Siber Global, implementasi kebijakan ID-SIRTII perlu terintegrasi dengan institusi siber regional dan global; dan (4) berangkat dari “fungsionalisme siber” dan untuk menciptakan suatu strukturalisme Pertahanan dan Keamanan Siber Nasional Indonesia, sudah saatnya Indonesia membentuk Angkatan Siber sebagai pelengkap dari Angkatan Darat, Agkatan Laut, dan Angkatan Udara.

Kata Kunci: pertahanan, keamanan, siber, ID-SIRTII, angkatan siber
ANALISIS DIPLOMASI PERTAHANAN INDONESIA DALAM MENGHADAPI KRISIS SEMENANJUNG KOREA GUNA MENJAGA STABILITAS KAWASAN ASIA TENGGARA
Authors: Nanda Chayu Amrita , Swastanto Yoedhi , Octavian Amarulla
Published: August 2020

Dalam perspektif keamanan, wilayah Indonesia dan kawasan Asia Tenggara secara keseluruhan merupakan kawasan yang strategis baik dalam aspek ekonomi, politik, maupun militer. Kondisi ini juga memiliki potensi dan tantangan yang kompleks dan berisiko menimbulkan ketegangan antar negara. Pasca Perang Korea dan Perang Dunia ke II perkembangan krisis di Semenanjung Korea masih terus berlanjut. Kemudian Korea Utara memilih untuk membangun kapabilitas militer yang semakin meningkat. Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara yang berdekatan dengan wilayah Semenanjung Korea dan kondisi ini dapat memberikan dampak terhadap kedaulatan dan keamanan negara Indonesia, khususnya kegiatan uji coba nuklir yang telah dilakukan oleh Korea Utara. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bentuk Diplomasi Pertahanan Indonesia dan bagaimana peran para aktor yang terlibat dalam menanggapi isu tersebut. Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif, penelitian ini membahas isu tersebut dengan teori konstruktifis dan konsep diplomasi pertahanan dalam proses analisisnya. Hasil pembahasan penelitian ini adalah bentuk diplomasi pertahanan Indonesia dalam menanggapi krisis di Semenanjung Korea.

Kata Kunci : ASEAN, diplomasi pertahanan, denuklirisasi, strategi pertahanan, keamanan kawasan
PANCASILA SEBAGAI PENGAWAL SOLIDARITAS KEBANGSAAN
Authors: Siswanto Siswanto
Published: August 2020

Lingkungan strategis bangsa Indonesia telah mendorong merosotnya solidaritas kebangsaan. Lingkungan strategis di tingkat global meliputi terjangan arus globalisasi yang telah memengaruhi pola berpikir bangsa Indonesia, khususnya generasi muda. Lingkungan di strategis tingkat regional berupa persaingan politik global negara-negara besar yang mendorong kepada konflik di Laut Cina Selatan dan Semenanjung Korea. Lingkungan strategis di tingkat nasional yakni munculnya politik identitas dan politisasi suku, agama, ras, dan aliran (SARA) untuk kepentingan politik praktis. Berbagai tantangan terhadap solidaritas tersebut mendorong gagasan untuk menjadikan Pancasila kembali sebagai pandangan hidup masyarakat dan bangsa Indonesia. Hal itu didasarkan pada pertimbangan bahwa Pancasila sebagai ideologi memiliki tiga dimensi yaitu dimensi realita, dimensi ideal, dan dimensi fleksibel. Selama ini Pancasila sebagai pandangan hidup mulai ditinggalkan. Oleh karena itu, Pancasila perlu re-interpretasi dengan semangat reformasi agar bisa diterima sebagai pandangan hidup bangsa Indonesia. Penulisan karya tulis ilmiah ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan teknis kajian pustaka. Studi ini menyimpulkan bahwa menurunnya solidaritas kebangsaan dapat diselesaikan dengan mengembalikan Pancasila sebagai pandangan hidup bangsa Indonesia.

Kata Kunci : solidaritas, kebangsaan, Pancasila
Faktor VO2 max Atlet Softball Putri di Pemusatan Latihan Nasional (Pelatnas) Asian Games 2018
Authors: Pramono Okta Diana , Kuswari Mury , Swamilaksita Prita Dhyani , Sa’pang Mertien , Gifari Nazhif , Nuzrina Rachmanida
Published: August 2020

VO2 max berperan penting dalam mendukung performa terbaik atlet. Gizi berperan besar untuk mendukung atlet agar mencapai performa maksimal saat latihan maupun saat bertanding. Pemenuhan asupan gizi yang tepat dan sesuai dengan kebutuhan akan membuat komposisi tubuh atlet berada pada kondisi terbaik. Softball merupakan salah satu cabang olahraga yang membutuhkan VO2 max yang baik untuk mendukung performa atlet. Softball putri Indonesia merupakan salah satu tim dalam Asian Games 2018. Desain penelitian ini cross sectional dengan metode total sampling. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh atlet softball putri di Pemusatan Latihan Nasional sebanyak 17 orang. Data yang dikumpulkan yaitu asupan zat gizi makro, status gizi, status hidrasi dan kebugaran. Analisa data penelitian ini menggunakan korelasi Pearson. Terdapat hubungan IMT (p=0,034) dan persen lemak tubuh (p=0,010) dengan VO2 max. Tidak terdapat hubungan energi (p=0,542), karbohidrat (p=0,663), protein (p=0,445), dan lemak (p=0,141) dengan VO2 max.  Indeks Massa Tubuh dan persen lemak tubuh merupakan faktor yang berhubungan dengan VO2 max pada atlet softball putri di Pelatnas Asian Games 2018. Atlet perlu memperhatikan indeks massa tubuh (IMT) dan persen lemak tubuh agar VO2 max tidak mengalami penurunan.
Suspension Training dan Weight Training Menurunkan Berat Badan, Visceral Fat dan Subcutaneous
Authors: Asmara Yoga , Pitriani Pipit , Mulyana Mulyana
Published: August 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh model latihan suspension training terhadap perubahan berat badan, visceral  fat dan subcutaneous. Metode yang digunakan adalah experimen dengan desain The Randomized Post-Test Only Control Group  design. 17 pria sehat dibagi menjadi dua kelompok yakni kelompok experimen menggunakan suspension training dan kontrol menggunakan weight training menyelesaikan 18 kali pertemuan latihan. Hasil analisis dan perhitungan data mengungkapkan bahwa kelompok eksperimen menunjukan hasil yang signifikan pada penurunan berat badan (1.87±0.39), visceral fat (1.36±0.48), subcutaneous (1.94±0.46) di bandingkan kelompok kontrol. Kesimpulan  dari penelitian  ini adalah suspension training dapat  dijadikan sebagai salah satu latihan yang relevan untuk memperbaiki komposisi tubuh dan meningkatkan kebugaran fisik terkait kualitas hidup.
Erratum: Kejadian Cedera Pada Pemain Sepak Takraw
Authors: Khairunnisa Astry , Pitriani Pipit
Published: August 2020

Correction to: JUARA: Jurnal Olahraga

 

This corrects the article DOI: https://doi.org/10.33222/juara.v5i1.624

 

This article was originally published using English metadata in the article title and this is our fault. but now the article metadata has been changed in Indonesian and appears correctly in the current article.
Erratum : Meningkatkan Kepemimpinan dan Kerja Sama melalui Outdoor Education Camping Program
Authors: Bakhri Rafdlal Saeful , Listiandi Arfin Deri , Kusuma Moh. Nanang Himawan , Budi Didik Rilastiyo , Suhartoyo Topo , Hidayat Rohman
Published: August 2020

Correction to: JUARA: Jurnal Olahraga

 

This corrects the article DOI:  https://doi.org/10.33222/juara.v5i1.704

 

This article was originally published using English metadata in the article title and this is our fault. but now the article metadata has been changed in Indonesian and appears correctly in the current article.
Erratum: Korelasi Antara Kelincahan Dengan Topspin Tenis Meja Atlet Kota Kendari
Authors: Suwo Rahedin
Published: August 2020

Correction to: JUARA: Jurnal Olahraga

 

This corrects the article DOI: https://doi.org/10.33222/juara.v5i1.770

 

This article was originally published using English metadata in the article title and this is our fault. but now the article metadata has been changed in Indonesian and appears correctly in the current article
Erratum: Analisis Kebutuhan Software Pengelola Hasil Tes Fisik Pencak Silat Remaja Kategori Tanding
Authors: Saputro Deny Pradana , Wijaya Muhammad Riski Adi , Dongoran Muhammad Fadli
Published: August 2020

Correction to: JUARA: Jurnal Olahraga

 

This corrects the article DOI: https://doi.org/10.33222/juara.v5i1.842

  

This article was originally published using English metadata in the article title and this is our fault. but now the article metadata has been changed in Indonesian and appears correctly in the current article.
Meningkatkan Volume Oksigen Maksimal (VO2Max) Melalui Latihan Circuit Training Ekstensif
Authors: Bahtra Ridho , Fahrozi Untung , Putra Aldo Naza
Published: August 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat efektifitas latihan circuit training ekstensif terhadap peningkatan VO2Max pemain sepakbola. Metode yang digunakan adalah eksperimen eksperimen semu (quasi exsperimental) dengan desain one group pre test-post test design. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah pemain sepakbola SMAN 1 Mukomuko yang berjumlah 18 orang yang dipilih dengan teknik total sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara melakukan tes dengan menggunakan instrumen Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test (Yo-Yo IR Test). Analisa data dan pengujian hipotesis menggunakan teknik analisis komparasi dengan menggunakan rumus uji beda mean (uji t). Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa thitung (10,70) > ttabel (1,730), artinya latihan circuit training ekstensif dapat meningkatkan VO2Max, dimana peningkatan VO2Max pemain rata-rata 3,32. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah latihan circuit training ekstensif efektif meningkatkan VO2Max pemain sepakbola.
Translanguaging Used By English Teacher at Vocational Schools Medan
Authors: Siregar Masitowarni
Published: August 2020

The objective of this endeavor was   to examine the utilization of translanguaging by vocational English teachers in Medan. The emphasis of the study was to identify the English instructor of vocational schools in Medan translated instruction in classroom. This endeavor was implemented by utilizing descriptive qualitative technique. The data of the research were the talk of English teacher instructions of vocational schools in Medan. The data were taken and collected from recorded and videos of the English teacher of vocational schools in Medan. The data were analyzed by applying the inductive model proposed by Miles, Huberman & Saldana (2014) such as data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing or verification. The results of the study showed that teacher used English first and continued in using Indonesian language to make the students comprehend  about the conversation in the classroom. Thus, the students are not bored and interest to study English.
Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Municipal Solid Waste Management of the Chittagong City Corporation
Authors: Miah Md Danesh , Siddik M Abubokor
Published: August 2020

Municipal solid waste (MSW) management has an impact on climate generating greenhouse gases (GHG). To quantify GHG emission from MSW management activities (transportation, composting, recycling and landfill), this study was conducted in the Chittagong City Corporation (CCC). Data were collected about detail MSW management activities of the CCC through conducting a structured questionnaire survey on related personnel with MSW management. To collect data about recycling, another questionnaire survey was conducted on all junkshops near to both dumping sites (Anandabazar and Arefin Nogor) of the CCC. The study found that, composting and recycling of MSW have a positive contribution in reducing GHG emission. Transportation and land-filling of MSW have a contribution in GHG emission. The amount of GHG emission from the existing MSW management system of the CCC is 31,904.68 tons of CO2-eq per month. The life cycle assessment (LCA) study on composting shows that, the reduction of GHG emission is 3.66 tons of CO2-eq per ton of produced compost. The study finding is expected to contribute to the field of climate change mitigation in Bangladesh.

The Chittagong Univ. J. Sci. 40(1) : 21-46, 2018
Semiotic Approach to the Truth of the Reliability Results of Socio-Economic Research
Authors: Tarasova Natalia A.
Published: August 2020

The semiotic approach is still unreasonably rarely used in research in the field of Economics; more precisely, even the actual inclusion of its or its elements in the development of materials of any research is still not accompanied by awareness of this and an indication of their semiotic nature. The article analyzes the results of our long-term experience of semiotic analysis and control of dozens of heterogeneous (mainly conducted with our active participation) socio-economic and other studies. The analysis begins with a theoretical consideration of the process of achieving not only the reliability, but also the truth of the results of research (on the basis of philosophical theories of truth). The semiotic control of the correctness of the epistemological, socio-economic and mathematical propositions used is illustrated by the material of various studies. They were analyzed and implemented using the proposed semiotic methodology to ensure the reliability of indicators. It has no analogues known to us so far and includes a general semiotic methodology and its important variant – a comparative methodology for determining the indicators of state statistics. This allowed us to solve some problems of general economic nature (starting with the most important language the correctness of the use of formally rigorous mathematical apparatus in research in the natural), and a number of serious problems to determine the practical effectiveness (or inefficiency) of the parameters of social policy.
A System Approach to Harmonization of the Country Model of Innovative Development
Authors: Rybachuk Maxim A.
Published: August 2020

One of the most common models of national innovation systems as of today is the triple helix model. Four- and five-tier constructions also exist and present an option for adapting the triple helix model to the economic conditions of different countries. In this paper, we are based on the system economic theory and propose to consider the national innovation system (NIS) of Russia as a complex of four socio-economic macro-subsystems: science, government, education, and business. In this case, science acts as a system of the object type: the government – as the environment type, education – as the process type, and business – as the project type. The interaction order and role functions of these subsystems are determined. A quantitative evaluation of the quadruple helix subsystem parity was carried out; namely, the system balance indices of the NIS of Russia for 2015–2019 were calculated. The world countries’ data used to calculate the global innovation index according to the methodology of the WIPO constitute the statistical basis for the calculation. The place of the NIS of Russia among the national innovation systems of other countries for 2019, according to two parameters: the NIS subsystems balance and the effectiveness of NIS activities, was determined. For comparison, 16 countries, divided into four groups, were selected: innovative leaders, catching-up countries, lagging countries, and outsiders. It is established that Russia belongs to the countries of the second group. It is shown that to harmonize the NIS of Russia, to increase its efficiency and move Russia to the group of leaders, it is necessary to revise the economic policy and add to it, along with increasing the efficiency of innovative activity, another goal such as improving the balance of the quadruple helix subsystems.
Analysis of demand for commercial real estate of the Moscow Region
Authors: Katkova Yana I.
Published: August 2020

The commercial real estate market is a specific and rapidly changing subject for research. Commercial real estate market is connected with the real sector of the economy through consumer demand, and it is connected with the financial market through alternative investment returns. Therefore, this market is actively studied by the Russian and foreign researchers. The most poorly studied issue in this market is its demand side. But the analysis of demand is difficult due to the fact that the buying cycle in the market is very long, and potential buyers are not registered anywhere until the transaction is completed. But the execution of the transaction is not a reflection of demand, as it is the result of negotiations between the seller and the buyer, which may not succeed, as the potential buyer can choose an alternative way of owning property (rent, sublease, co-working) or generating income (bonds, stocks, shares). In this paper, we analyze the demand for commercial real estate in the Moscow region, compare supply and demand in this market, and present a study of the demand for retail, office and industrial-warehouse real estate. We propose a model for pricing commercial real estate. We found a significant discrepancy between supply and demand in the market according in line with their structure, inequality of demand for retail, office and industrial-warehouse premises, the dependence of the price per square meter of real estate to its area (in square footage) and location. The results obtained are consistent with Russian and foreign studies on the analysis of the commercial real estate market. The results of the study may be useful to such players in the commercial real estate market as developers, investors, buyers.
Knowledge and Attitude Regarding Pubertal Health among Adolescent Girls
Authors: Dhakal Binita
Published: August 2020

Background: Adolescence is a critical period and is associated with physical and psycho-social changes induced by puberty, which builds personality, behaviour, and future health of the adolescents. Thus, the aim of the study was to find out the knowledge and attitude regarding pubertal health of adolescence girls.Methods: A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted in Bharatpur Metropolitan City’s secondary level schools. A total of 183 adolescent girls were selected using probability simple random sampling from 5 schools out of total 43 schools which were also selected by simple random sampling technique. Data was collected by using structured self-administered questionnaire for knowledge and likert’s scale was used for attitude regarding pubertal health. Results: Study findings revealed that 61.4% of the students belonged to early adolescence (11-14) age group with the mean age 14.27±1.33 years. Majority (80.3%) had moderate level of knowledge and around half (48.6%) had positive attitude. Knowledge and attitude varied with the respondents’ level of education (p=0.001), relation to sibling (p=0.013) and source of information by elder sister (p=0.022), teachers/school (p=0.001).Moderately positive correlation was found between knowledge and attitude which was highly significant (r=0.395, p<0.001).Conclusions: Majority of respondents had moderate level of knowledge and half of the respondent had positive attitude regarding pubertal health. Findings of the study emphasizes on improvement in education of adolescent girls which can help uplift health status and minimize vulnerability to health issues of pubertal health. Keywords: Adolescents; attitude; knowledge; pubertal health; puberty.
Development and Performance Analysis of a Cost-Effective Integrated Light Controller
Authors: Sahana Sangita , Roy Biswanath
Published: August 2020

An integrated sensor based daylight responsive light controller has been designed and developed. The developed cost-effective light controller performs on logical decision derived from output of integrated sensor circuit comprising of daylight sensor and occupancy sensor. The performance analysis has also been carried out to understand the actual operating condition of the system using different sensors to control lamp circuits in small indoor lighting applications. The sensitivity levels of the photo sensor (i.e. a Light Dependent Resistor or LDR) and the occupancy sensor (i.e. a Passive Infrared Sensor or PIR) circuits can be adjusted through in-built tuning facility in developed circuit after experimental measurement of the response characteristics of the both sensors. By monitoring the indoor lighting system with the developed controller, it is possible to reduce the usage of electrical energy during the absence of occupant in any room. It is also possible to vary lamp output according to the seasonal variation in daylight level by selecting different reference voltage level and to use minimum electrical energy by utilizing the available daylight. It is a low cost solution due to the advantage of components and the sensors in the market at low cost.
A Simple Technique to Determine Snow Properties Using Light Reflectance Measurements
Authors: Kokhanovsky Alexander A.
Published: August 2020

In this paper we review theoretical foundations of reflectance spectroscopy of snow. Simple approximate equations are presented, which can be used to calculate snow absorption/extinction coefficients and also snow reflectance. The equations derived could also be used to solve the inverse radiation transfer problem. The technique can be applied to other types of turbid media with large weakly absorbing particles. It has potential for the interpretation both: ground­based and airborne, or satellite, measurements of light reflected from cryosphere of our planet, and also has potential for applications to planetary imaging spectroscopy in general.
Features Choice of Light Sources for Bio-Technical Life Support Systems for Space Applications
Authors: Tikhomirov Alexander A. , Ushakova Sophia A. , Shikhov Valentin N.
Published: August 2020

The historical aspects and prospects of the use of artificial light sources in the biological and technical systems of life support for space applications are considered. According to the given data, the most promising for such systems are LED light sources. Based on the results of photobiological studies it is shown that radiation, perceived by a man as white, in his spectral efficiency unreliable differs from radiation, a spectral curve similar to the average action spectrum of photosynthesis the green sheet (“Phyto”). In accordance with this, the possibility of choosing either a phyto spectrum or a spectrum close to the equal energy for the cultivation of plants in life support systems is justified.
Irradiating Set with UV Diodes and Microprocessor System of Automatic Dose Control
Authors: Bolshin Roman G. , Kondratieva Nadezhda P. , Krasnolutskaya Maria G.
Published: August 2020

The article describes the development and testing of an irradiating set with UV diodes for presowing treatment of conifer seeds equipped with an original microprocessor system of automatic dose adjustment for maintenance of the required dose of UV irradiation.
Electrodeless UV Lamp on the Basis of Low-Pressure Mercury Discharge in a Closed Non-Ferrite Tube
Authors: Starshinov Pavel V. , Popov Oleg A. , Irkhin Igor V. , Levchenko Vladimir A. , Vasina Victoriya N.
Published: August 2020

Experimental study of characteristics of a nonferrite electrode-less UV lamp with a length of 500 mm and width of 130 mm in the form of a closed quartz discharge tube with an inner diameter of 25 mm was conducted. The induction discharge was excited at a frequency of 1.7 MHz within the discharge lamp power Ppl ranging between 52 and 112 W in a mixture of mercury (~10-2 mm Hg) and argon (1.0 mm Hg) vapours by means of a 3-coil inductance located along the inner perimeter of the closed tube. With Ppl increasing: a) loss power in the inductance wire first decreased from 37 down to 22 W (Ppl = 84 W) and then increased up to 44 W; 2) the UV radiant flux of the lamp in a mercury light-band of 54 nm increased from 28 to 72 W; 3) radiant efficiency of the lamp at the light-band of 254 nm first increased from 31 to 48.5 % (Ppl = 84 W) and then slightly decreased down to 46 %; 4) radiant efficiency of the discharge plasma at the wavelength of 254 nm increased from 53 % to 65 %.
Legal Regulation of Public-Private Partnership Supporting the Development of Energy-Efficient Lighting Industry
Authors: Beresin Maksim Yu. , Dakhnenko Svetlana S. , Kuvshinova Ekaterina E.
Published: August 2020

The paper is devoted to certain forms of public and private partnership in the sphere of light technologies, special investment contracts, regional investment contracts, industrial parks, and industrial clusters. It studies the prospects of the development of general and special lighting considering the rise of population and its needs in high­quality social, medical and educational services. Authors analyze specific conditions of granting tax preferences to innovative companies that help to stimulate the production of high­tech goods. The authors explain why legal definitions of regional investment projects and special investment contracts need clarification. The paper specifies the conditions for setting up new productions in the territories of advanced economic development. The options of unification of legal mechanism, which regulates the creation and support of industrial parks and industrial clusters, are offered.
Lighting and Control Design of Large-Scale Stadium Skating Competition
Authors: ZOU Qi
Published: August 2020

In order to further improve the synchronicity of stadium lighting, this paper puts forward a design and analysis model of lighting and control for large­scale stadium skating competition. In this paper, the development and mode analysis of lighting system based on micro­grid control are introduced. Then, in the process of analysis, the research model of circuit automatic control for micro­grid control is designed, and the algorithm is used to assist it. Finally, the simulation system is used to test the synchronization of the micro­grid controlled lighting system. The results show that virtual synchronous machine technology can significantly improve the coordination and synchronization of lighting system, and further reduce circuit failures, ensure the smooth lighting of stadiums, and have a good development prospects.
Pensamiento creativo y relaciones interpersonales en estudiantes universitarios
Authors: Gamarra-Moscoso Manuel A. , Flores-Mamani E.
Published: August 2020

El estudio se enfoca en establecer la relación del pensamiento creativo con las relaciones interpersonales de los estudiantes de la Facultad de Educación y Ciencias de la Comunicación. La metodología presenta un enfoque cuantitativo de tipo correlacional y transversal; la técnica fue el cuestionario de respuesta múltiple en escala Likert; el tratamiento de los datos y análisis de los resultados fue un análisis bivariado mediante Correlación de Pearson. Los resultados del estudio determinaron la correlación significativa, según los resultados del coeficiente de correlación de Pearson, cuyo valor R=0,731 con un p-valor menor al grado de significancia del 5%, lo cual indica que el grado de innovación y adaptación que desarrollen los estudiantes, directamente incidirá en la capacidad de relacionarse con sus compañeros. Se concluye que el grado de pensamiento creativo es alto en la mayoría de los estudiantes, lo cual contribuye a la mejora de las relaciones humanas e interpersonales en las distintas actividades personales y académicas.
A Further Study on Knoop Indentation Plastic Deformation for Evaluating Residual Stress
Authors: Kim Woojoo , Lee Kyungyul , Kim Jong-hyoung , Kim Young-Cheon , Kwon Dongil
Published: August 2020

A method for evaluating residual stress using an instrumented indentation test was developed some decades ago. More recently, another method was developed, using a Knoop indenter. The conversion factor ratio, which is one of the key factors in the evaluation algorithm, has been taken to be 0.34, although this value comes from an experimental result and its physical meaning has not been examined. Here we examine the physical meaning of this conversion factor from the previous residual stress model, and calculate its ratio using analytical model of the stress field beneath the indenter. In this process, we assumed that the conversion factor ratio was the ratio of the projected area of the plastic zone generated during the Knoop indentation test. An analysis of the stress field beneath the indenter was performed by FE simulation. Actual nanoindentation was conducted after Knoop indentation testing, using the interface-bonding technique, to identify the plastic zone. In addition, the conversion factor ratio was also calculated for the case where residual stress was present, and the geometric ratio of the Knoop indenter was different. A comparison of our results with those from previous studies showed that the conversion factor ratio obtained using our assumption was in good agreement with previous studies.
Evaluation of Transition Temperature in Reactor Pressure Vessel Steels 6using the Fracture Energy Transition Curve from a Small Punch Test
Authors: Lee Tae-kyung , Hong Seokmin , Kim Jongmin , Kim Min-Chul , Jang Jae-il
Published: August 2020

The small punch (SP) test is one of the small specimen test techniques, and standardization of the SP test method for evaluating the mechanical properties of metallic materials is in progress. In this study, the impact transition temperature of reactor pressure vessel steels (RPV) in nuclear power plants was estimated using the draft standard SP test method. The SP fracture energy (ESP) and normalized SP fracture energy (ENSP) of the RPV steels were evaluated at various temperatures, and their transition curves were derived and compared to the transition curve in the Charpy V notch (CVN) test. The SP transition region appeared at a much lower temperature range than that of the CVN owing to the size and notch effect. Ductile brittle transition temperature (DBTT) in the SP transition curve showed a linear relationship with DBTT and T41J in the CVN transition curve. The ductile to brittle transition behaviors of SP specimens were analyzed using fractographs and compared with the transition curves in ESP and ENSP. ENSP started to decrease at the temperature at which the SP ductile to brittle transition behavior occurred, and this means that the ENSP transition curves were in good agreement with transition behavior in the SP test. However, the ESP transition curves did not match transition behavior. Using DBTT in the ENSP transition curve is appropriate to estimate the CVNDBTT and T41J.
The Crime of Unconstitutional Change of Government and Popular Uprisings in Africa: Issues and Challenges
Authors: Ssenyonjo Manisuli
Published: August 2020

Several African states have experienced military coups as a form of government change, undermining the constitutional change of governments, human rights and threats to regional peace and security in Africa. This article examines the crime of unconstitutional change of government in Africa. It considers the jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court (ICC) and the International Criminal Law section of the African Court of Justice and Human and Peoples’ Rights over the crime of unconstitutional change of government. It then examines the scope of the crime of unconstitutional change of government and whether there is a right to peaceful rebellion against undemocratic governments in Africa. It also considers the impact of immunity granted to African heads of state on the prosecution of the crime of unconstitutional change of government. It further explores whether the imposition of the death penalty by some domestic courts for the crime of unconstitutional change of government is compatible with African states’ international human rights obligations under the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights and other human rights instruments. This is followed by a consideration of the challenge of providing funds for the benefit of victims of crimes including unconstitutional changes of government.
De-genderisation of the Offence of Rape under the Violence against Persons (Prohibition) Act 2015: An Assessment of the Practical Challenges and the Slippery-Slope Effects
Authors: Ramos Bolaji S.
Published: August 2020

Dynamism is one of the certain features of law, and all around the world laws are being repealed, amended, re-enacted and reviewed regularly or on a ‘need’ to basis to meet the challenges or practical realities of the modern world. The provisions of the Nigerian Violence Against Persons (Prohibition) Act 2015 on the offence of rape has also toiled this path, by seeking to de-genderise the existing gender-specific nature of rape law in Nigeria. In achieving this objective through redefinition of what constitutes rape, the new definition comes with a lot of slippery-slope instances that may make enforcement of the provisions on rape in the VAPP Act practically challenging. The article highlights and analyses the practical challenges emanating from the redefinition of the offence of rape and advocates for a further redefinition that will do away with possible instances that may come under the present definition which the lawmakers may not have intended.
The Admissibility in Seychelles of Improperly Obtained Fingerprint Evidence: A Comment on Jean François Adrienne & Another v. R (Criminal Appeal SCA25 & 26/2015) [2017] SCCA 25 (11 AUGUST 2017)
Authors: Mujuzi Jamil Ddamulira
Published: August 2020

In Seychelles, the taking of fingerprints is governed by sections 30A, 30B and 30C of the Criminal Procedure Code. Section 30B provides, inter alia, that a police officer may take a sample from a person in custody after seeking his consent and informing him of the right to refuse to give the sample (fingerprint). In Jean François Adrienne & Another v. R the Seychellois Court of Appeal for the first time dealt with the question of the admissibility of fingerprint evidence obtained in violation of the Criminal Procedure Code. The purpose of this article is to assess this judgment and highlight ways in which it is likely to affect the manner in which courts will deal with fingerprint evidence in the future.
Food System and Water–Energy–Biodiversity Nexus in Nepal: A Review
Authors: Subedi Roshan , Karki Madhav , Panday Dinesh
Published: August 2020

Water, energy, and biodiversity are essential components for building a sustainable food system in a developing country like Nepal. Green Revolution technologies and the package of practices largely ignored the role of ecosystem services, leaving a large population of small farmers’ food- and nutrition-insecure. Biodiversity, especially, agrobiodiversity is in decline and this vital cross-cutting element is less discussed and interlinked in nexus literature. The interlinking food system with water–energy–biodiversity nexus, therefore, is essential to achieve a resilient food system. It ensures the vital structures and functions of the ecosystem on which it is dependent are well protected in the face of increasing socio-economic and climatic stress. This paper reviews the food system of Nepal through the lens of the food–water–energy–biodiversity (FWEB) nexus to develop a more robust food system framework. From this approach, food system foresight can benefit from different nature-based solutions such as agro-ecosystem-based adaptation and mitigation and climate-resilient agro-ecological production system. We found that the FWEB nexus-based approach is more relevant in the context of Nepal where food and nutrition insecurity prevails among almost half of the population. Improvement in the food system requires the building of synergy and complementary among the components of FWEB nexus. Hence, we proposed a modified framework of food system foresight for developing resilience in a food system, which can be achieved with an integrated and resilient nexus that gives more emphasis to agro-ecological system-based solutions to make the food system more climate resilient. This framework can be useful in addressing the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) numbers 1, 2, 3, 6, 13, and 15 and can also be used as a tool for food system planning based on a broader nexus.
Comparison of the Effects of Different Crop Production Systems on Soil Physico-Chemical Properties and Microbial Activity under Winter Wheat
Authors: Gajda Anna Maria , Czyż Ewa Antonina , Ukalska-Jaruga Aleksandra
Published: August 2020

In many areas, organic crop production systems have been shown to contribute to maintaining good soil condition. The organic production system has been recommended as an alternative to conventional agriculture. However, in order to recommend this practice in new regions, it is necessary to obtain information about its effects and consequences in local environmental conditions. The research was completed during 2016–2018 in Osiny (Lublin region, Poland) on a field experiment established 26 years previously in a Haplic Luvisol soil. The research was aimed at comparing the effects of long-term use of tilled soil with organic (ORG) and conventional (CON) crop production systems with those in non-tilled soil under permanent grass (PRG) as a control. This comparison was done on the basis of changes in the values of soil properties as follows: Total porosity (TP), total organic matter (OM), particulate organic matter (POM), humic substances (HS), water-extractable carbon (WEC), microbial biomass carbon pool (MBC) and dehydrogenase activity (DH). Soil samples were collected from experimental fields (each treatment 1 ha) under winter wheat and permanent grass each year from 0–5, 5–10, 15–20 and 30–35 cm depths. Over the three year study period, it was found that permanent grass and the organic crop production system contributed to increased soil OM, POM, HS, WEC and MBC contents and DH activity compared to the CON system, especially in the top soil layer, 0–5 cm. To obtain a clearer picture of soil quality change our study examined for the first time the metabolic potential index (MPI) as a ratio of dehydrogenase activity to the soluble organic carbon content. The MPI values confirmed the increase of metabolism in ORG soil as a consequence of management practices compared with CON soil. The obtained correlations showed strong mutual relationships within properties of the heterogeneous soil complex. The results show the positive effects of the ORG management system causing soil condition improvement which is based on organic fertilization, enriching the soil with a large amount of plant residues in creating positive changes in the soil quality in contrast to the CON system.
Reduced Herbicide Antagonism of Grass Weed Control through Spray Application Technique
Authors: Merritt Luke H. , Ferguson Jason Connor , Brown-Johnson Ashli E. , Reynolds Daniel B. , Tseng Te-Ming , Lowe John Wesley
Published: August 2020

Dicamba and 2,4-D tolerance traits were introduced to soybean and cotton, allowing for over the top applications of these herbicides. Avoiding antagonism of glyphosate and clethodim by dicamba or 2,4-D is necessary to achieve optimum weed control. Three field studies were conducted in fallow fields with broadleaf signalgrass (Urochloa platyphylla) and Italian ryegrass (Lolium perenne ssp. multiflorum) pressure. A tractor-mounted dual boom sprayer was modified to spray one of three application methods: (1) two herbicides tanked-mixed (TMX); (2) two herbicides in separate tanks mixed in the boom line (MIL); and (3) two herbicides in separate tanks applied through separate booms simultaneously (SPB). One study compared the three application methods with sethoxydim applied with bentazon, the second compared clethodim applied with dicamba or 2,4-D, and the third compared glyphosate applied with dicamba or 2,4-D. In most cases over all three trials, there was a 7–15% increase in efficacy when using the SPB application method. Antagonism of all the herbicide combinations above was observed when applied using the TMX and MIL methods. In some cases, antagonism was avoided when using the SPB method. The separate boom application method increased efficacy, which allowed herbicides to be used more effectively, resulting in improved economic and environmental sustainability of herbicide applications.
Unravelling the Pathogenesis and Molecular Interactions of Liberibacter Phytopathogens with Their Psyllid Vectors
Authors: Sarkar Poulami , Ghanim Murad
Published: August 2020

Insect-borne bacterial pathogens pose a global economic threat to many agricultural crops. Candidatus liberibacter species, vectored by psyllids (Hemiptera: psylloidea), are an example of devastating pathogens related to important known diseases such as Huanglongbing or the citrus greening disease, Zebra chip disease, and carrot yellowing, along with vegetative disorders in umbellifers. Studies on liberibacter–plant interactions have gained more focus in disease control over the last few decades. However, successful and sustainable disease management depends on the early disruption of insect–pathogen interactions, thereby blocking transmission. Recent knowledge on the liberibacter genomes and various omics approaches have helped us understand this host–pathogen relationship, despite the complexity associated with the inability to culture these bacteria. Here, we discuss the cellular and molecular processes involved in the response of insect-host immunity, and the liberibacter-associated pathogenesis mechanisms that involve virulence traits and effectors released to manipulate the insect–host defense mechanism for successful transmission. Understanding such mechanisms is an important milestone for developing sustainable means for preventing liberibacter transmission by psyllids.
Occurrence of Resistance to ALS Inhibitors in European Cyperus esculentus L.: Characterisation and Implications for Management
Authors: Scarabel Laura , Farinati Silvia , Sattin Maurizio
Published: August 2020

Yellow nutsedge (C. esculentus) is a perennial geophyte and invasive weed which is very difficult to control in rice and other irrigated row crops. Acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitors are the most commonly used herbicides to control sedges in rice. Failure to control C. esculentus was recently reported in a rice field in north-western Italy. The resistance status of this C. esculentus population was determined through a whole-plant bioassay. The mechanism underlying the resistance was elucidated, and the available chemical and non-chemical control options were discussed. The population proved to be resistant to halosulfuron and azimsulfuron at the recommended field rate. The ALS trancripts amplified from resistant and susceptible plants revealed the presence of a Pro197-to-Arg amino acid substitution in resistant plants, indicating that the resistance mechanism is target-site mediated. This is the first confirmation of herbicide resistance in C. esculentus in Europe. Resistance management should be based on an integrated approach, through the combination of diversified cultural and agronomic practices that can limit its spread and propagation through tubers.
Lactobacillus Plantarum 108 Inhibits Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans Mixed-Species Biofilm Formation
Authors: Srivastava Neha , Ellepola Kassapa , Venkiteswaran Nityasri , Chai Louis Yi Ann , Ohshima Tomoko , Seneviratne Chaminda Jayampath
Published: August 2020

Streptococcus mutans is the principal biofilm forming oral pathogen associated with dental caries. Studies have shown that Candida albicans, a commensal oral fungus is capable of forming pathogenic mixed-species biofilms with S. mutans. The treatment of bacterial and fungal infections using conventional antimicrobial agents has become challenging due to the antimicrobial resistance of the biofilm mode of growth. The present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of secretory components of Lactobacillus plantarum 108, a potentially promising probiotic strain, against S. mutans and C. albicans single and mixed-species biofilms. L. plantarum 108 supernatant inhibited S. mutans and C. albicans single-species biofilms as shown by XTT reduction assay, crystal violet assay, and colony forming units counting. The probiotic supernatant significantly inhibited the S. mutans and C. albicans mixed-species biofilm formation. The pre-formed mixed-species biofilms were also successfully reduced. Confocal microscopy showed poorly developed biofilm architecture in the probiotic supernatant treated biofilms. Moreover, the expression of S. mutans genes associated with glucosyltransferase activity and C. albicans hyphal specific genes (HWP1, ALS1 and ALS3) were down-regulated in the presence of the probiotic supernatant. Altogether, the data demonstrated the capacity of L. plantarum 108 supernatant to inhibit the S. mutans and C. albicans mixed-species biofilms. Herein, we provide a new insight on the potential of probiotic-based strategies to prevent bacterial-fungal mixed-species biofilms associated with dental caries.
Analysing the Relationship between Nutrition and the Microbial Composition of the Oral Biofilm—Insights from the Analysis of Individual Variability
Authors: Vach Kirstin , Al-Ahmad Ali , Anderson Annette , Woelber Johan Peter , Karygianni Lamprini , Wittmer Annette , Hellwig Elmar
Published: August 2020

The influence of a change in nutrition on the oral microbiota are discussed in literature, but usually only changes of population mean values are reported. This paper introduces simple methods to also analyse and report the variability of patients’ reactions considering data from the culture analysis of oral biofilm. The framework was illustrated by an experimental study exposing eleven participants to different nutrition schemes in five consecutive phases. Substantial inter-individual variations in the individual reactions were observed. A new coherence index made it possible to identify 14 instances where the direction of individual changes tended to coincide with the direction of the mean change with more than 95% probability. The heterogeneity in variability across different bacteria species was limited. This allowed us to develop recommendations for sample sizes in future studies. For studies measuring the concentration change of bacteria as a reaction to nutrition change, the use of replications and analysis of the variability is recommended. In order to detect moderate effects of a change in nutrition on the concentration of single bacterial taxa, 30 participants with three repetitions are often adequate. Insights into the relationship between nutrition and the microbial composition can be helpful for the development of dietary habits that promote the establishment of a healthy microbial flora and can therefore prevent the initiation of oral diseases such as caries and periodontitis.