bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and characterization of some new heterocyclic compounds with two Heteroatom's (Nitrogen) in their cyclic
Authors: Kassium Yacoob Abdulla , Hussein Khlood Abdulla Ahmed
Published: September 2022

The Pyrimidines derivatives play an essential role in several biological processes and have considerable important compounds for pharmaceutical medicinal and industrial material applications. The work describes the synthesis and characterization of some new pyrimidines derivatives: 2- mercapto 3,4 di hydro -4-oxo -[6- (4- alkoxy phenyl)- 4H)] pyrimidine -5- carbonitriles and 2- mercapto 3,4 di hydro -4-oxo -[6-(-4- substituted benzene - 4-H] pyrimidines -5- carbonitriles (3a-d). These Compounds (3a-d) were prepared from the reaction between ethylcyano acetate (0.01mole) and numbers of substituted benzaldehydes compounds (0.01mole) as starting materials. The compounds (4a-d) were obtained from the reaction of (3a-d) with aryl halide or alkyl halide under reflux for 5hrs, while the compounds (5a-d) were formed from the reaction of (4a-d) with phosophorous oxy chlorid. The compounds (6a-d) were synthesized from the reaction of (5a-d) with thiourea under reflux for 6hrs and the compounds (8a-d) were obtained from the reaction between (6a-d) with chloro acetic acid (0.01mole) under refluxed for 3hrs. All the synthesized compounds of pyrimidines derivatives were identified by the physical properties by it's melting points and colors, and the yields were characterized by the elemental (CHN) analysis, IR, UV, and visible spectra data.
Extraction and immobilization of Proteolytic Enzyme from local Yemeni Bean Seeds (Dolichos Lablab L.)
Authors: Al-Maqtari Maher Ali , Naji Khalid Mohammed , Ali Lena Kassem
Published: September 2022

The aim of this study is to prepare immobilized protease with high hydrolytic activity forbiotechnological applications. Local Bean Seeds (Dolichos Lablab L.) were used for the extraction of acidprotease using tris-buffer, pH 4.5 as enzyme solvent. Free acidic protease was immobilized on entrapment in calcium alginate gel (in situ activated) by covalent binding method. Their activity and immobilization efficiency for hemoglobin hydrolysis was investigated. Temperature and pH maxima of the immobilized protease showed no changes before and after immobilization. The immobilized protease exhibited good thermal stability and re-usability.
Geochemical rorms and risk assessment of some heavy metals in Aden coasts sediments, Yemen
Authors: Saleh Shaif Mohamed Kasem , Nasr Samir M. , Okbah Mohamed A.
Published: September 2022

The objective of the present study is to investigate risk assessment and geochemical forms of Pb, Mn, Zn and Cu in Aden Coasts sediments as well as the content of sediment texture, organic carbon, and carbonates. Sequential extraction technique was applied to estimate the metals in five different fractions; exchangeable, bound to carbonate, bound to oxides, bound to organic matter and residual. The results indicated that the metals bound to non-residual fraction (anthropogenic input) represent 72.8 % of the total extractable fractions for Pb, 79.7 % for Mn, 87.4 % for Zn, and 87.3 % for Cu. The five fractions of the metals in the present study could be arranged in the following sequence: Residual > Exchangeable > Oxide form > Organic form > Carbonate for Pb; Residual > Oxides form > Organic form > Carbonate > Exchangeable for Mn or Zn; Organic form > Residual > Oxide form > Carbonate > Exchangeable for Cu. The risk assessment of the metals showed medium risk for Pb at all sampling sites except Sira zone which revealed very high risk to aquatic environment. Fractionation pattern of Zn and Cu showed low risk, while Mn showed low (most sites) to medium risk (Sira and Caltex) to aquatic environment. In general, the risk assessment of the metals in the study area decreased as follows: Pb >Mn>Zn> Cu.
The effect of information technology on seaports efficiency and improvement for the Gulf region
Authors: Al-Eraqi Ahmed Salem , Nasser Mohammed Salem , Abdulrazak Suhail Abdulaziz
Published: September 2022

The efficiency of a port depends critically on the management system and security, the services provided, and its location as well as the skill of labor in the process of loading and unloading in a record time, using modern equipment. It has been noted from the results obtained that use of modern technology (IT) in some countries led to Increasing productivity and, therefore, an important indicator in evaluating the efficiency of port production. This paper evaluates the efficiency, performance and management of the supplies in the Gulf region. The objective of the study is to apply the DEA, CCR and BCC models in the evaluation of production efficiency using a nonlinear linear programming method in packaging data analysis (DEA), using data collected for 6 years for the period (2000-2005).
New models for prediction of reservoir rock properties in Biyad formation of Kharir oil field, Hadramout Governorate
Authors: Aldambi Abdulla Ali , Al-Khudafi Abbas Mohamed
Published: September 2022

Reservoir description is a process of describing various reservoir characteristics using all the available data. The nature of the description of reservoir properties is related to the availability of sample data and geologic complexity of reservoir. Reservoir characterization is needed for effective reservoir management studies. Reservoir rock properties can be estimated by several methods. Rock properties are determined by performing laboratory analyses on cores extracted from the reservoir. However, obtaining the properties from core analysis or well logging is time consuming and an expensive operation. For that, in this work, new models for estimating rock properties (porosity, permeability) are developed by adapting Artificial Neural network model (ANN). Models were successfully demonstrated for predicting reservoir rock properties (porosity and permeability) forBiyad formation of Kharir oil field. The models were tested against properties yielded from core laboratories using statistical error analysis. Result showed a great potential in predicting reservoir properties using artificial intelligence models.
Role of sonographic features in predicting the malignant potential of thyroid nodules
Authors: Alawi Al-Ass Abdulmajed , Salem Mohamed Hasson , Hudeel Awadh
Published: September 2022

However, while thyroid nodules are common, thyroid malignancy is relatively rare, constituting about 1% of all malignancies. The main point of the approach of the thyroid nodule is the detection of the malignant nodules and deciding for the surgical treatment. Ultrasonography (US) plays a crucial role in the diagnostic management of thyroid nodules. The aim was to assess the reliability of using hypoechoic, solid and ill-defined margin as independent predictors for the identification of malignant thyroid nodules on US. We retrospectively analysed the three suspicious US features of malignancy for 145 patients with 255 thyroid nodules who underwent thyroid resection. We used histological results as gold standard reference test. Of the 255 surgical resected nodules; hypoechoic nodules had a sensitivity of 66.7%, and positive predictive value (PPV) of 8.7%. Solid nodules had a sensitivity of 33.3% and PPV of 3.7%. Ill-defined margins nodules had a sensitivity of 66.7% and PPV of 6.9% in predicting malignancy. The present study adds further evidence on the poor PPV in our results, indicated, that individual US features are not reliable used as independent predictors for the identification of malignant potential thyroid nodules on US.
Characteristic of costal cartilages calcification in relation to sex and age: A forensic review in Aden population
Authors: Abdullah Naji Abdul-Wahab , Mohsen Abdulsalam Abdullah Hadi
Published: September 2022

In recent years, there has been renewed interest in forensic sciences about forensic age and sex estimation in living subjects by means of radiology. Costal cartilage bridges, the sternum and the ribs play a key role in the biomechanics of the chest, and is known to be calcified in local regions with age. This study aims at finding out the patterns of costal cartilage calcification in relation to sex and age, and was conducted on digital thorax X-rays to test the usefulness of some radiological changes in the costal cartilage. A descriptive cross sectional study of 1371 radiographs of chest plates were collected from a Diagnostic Medical Center (DMC) in Aden city / Yemen, during the period January 2017 to December 2018, all data were analyzed for their calcification patterns according to the methods of McCormick et al. The incidence of calcification increased with the advancement of age and the earliest appearance of calcification in costal cartilage was seen at 18-19 years in both sexes but more significantly in females. The tendency of central calcification of cartilage was displayed in females, while the peripheral calcification preferred in males, and the mixed calcification seen in both sexes but more in males. It is safe to conclude that different patterns of calcification at rib cartilage observed in digital radiographs are sex specific, that is to say male subjects predominantly show peripheral pattern and female subjects predominantly show central pattern. Calcification of costal cartilage starts at the age of 18-19 years in both sexes and increases with age.
A study on importance-performance Analysis(IPA) consumers' on the visit of the restaurants in COVID 19 situation
Authors:   The Foodservice Management Society Of Korea, Yun Hyun-Ju , Lee Jee-Hye
Published: September 2022

The purpose of this study was to compare and analyze the difference between consumers' importance and performance ratings for service quality when visiting restaurants after COVID-19. In addition, the comparison according to the difference by perceived risk level and the difference by collectivism tendency was analyzed. A survey of 59 male and 91 female college students in Kyungnam region were collected and IPA, descriptive statistics, independent samples t-test, factor analysis, reliability analysis, and pairesd t-test were performed using the SPSS program. The results of the study were as follows. First, all study subjects thought that quarantine, food, and cleanliness were important, and performance with the restaurants they visited was also high. Second, quarantine was perceived as more important in the group with the high perceived risk for coronavirus than the group with the low level. Third, the higher the collectivism tendency, the higher the interest in quarantine. Finally, quarantine was confirmed as an important attribute for consumers after Corona, whereas aesthetics were both low in importance and performance. The results of this study can be usefully used in establishing a marketing strategy emphasizing reinforcement of quarantine when operating a restaurant. And it differs from previous studies in that the difference was compared and analyzed by classifying the research subjects by their perceived risk level and collectivism tendency.
Analisis Daya Serap Tanah Dengan Metode Uji Perkolasi Di Politeknik Negeri Manado
Authors: Takaendengan Teddy , Abbas Ahmad Yani
Published: September 2022

Perkolasi didefinisikan sebagai  proses masuk atau menembusnya air pada lapisan permukaan tanah secara gravitasi hingga mencapai lapisan tanah yang dalam keadaan jenuh air. Tes perkolasi ini dimaksudkan  untuk menentukan seberapa besar  luas area meresapnya air untuk jenis tanah tertentu. Salah satu fungsi dilaksanakannya Uji Perkolasi ini adalah untuk menentukan panjang pipa resapan pada septick tank, agar air dapat terserap oleh tanah disekitarnya dan tidak akan mempengaruhi muka air tanah. Untuk itu peneliti melakukan penelitian Uji Perkolasi di Kampus Politeknik Negeri Manado khususnya di kompleks perkuliahan untuk menentukan panjang pipa resapan pada septick tank yang ada.

Penelitian yang diusulkan ini diharapkan menjadi salah satu solusi terbaik dalam menata masalah panjang pipa resapan yang ada di kampus Politeknik Negeri Manado. Nilai penting dari penelitian ini adalah: Menghasilkan analisis yang akurat mengenai nilai perkolasi di kompleks perkuliahan Politeknik Negeri Manado, Menghasilkan analisis yang akurat mengenai dimensi septick tank yang ideal di kompleks perkuliahan Politeknik Negeri Manado, Dari hasil penelitian, didapat bahwa rata-rata laju perkolasi adalah 22 menit, daya resap tanah adalah 877 L/m2/hari, panjang bidang resapan adalah 2,7 m. Merujuk hasi yang diperoleh, maka perlu ditinjau kembali dimensi dari semua tangki septik yang ada dan membuat sistem peresapan yang terpisah sesuai SNI 2398:2017.
Analisis Faktor Konfirmatori untuk Menentukan faktor-faktor penentu Keberhasilan Kerjasama Pemerintah Badan Usaha Jalan Tol Manado-Bitung
Authors: Kandiyoh Geertje Efraty , Sengkey Sandri , Runtunuwu Sherley , Tenda Julius
Published: September 2022

Kerjasama Pemerintah dan Badan Usaha (KPBU) dalam proyek jalan tol telah berlangsung di banyak negara termasuk Indonesia. Jalan Tol Manado-Bitung merupakan proyek pembangunan infrastruktur jalan tol pertama yang dilaksanakan di Sulawesi Utara, dan dilaksanakan dengan skema KPBU. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor apa saja yang menjadi pertimbangan Badan Usaha yang terlibat langsung dalam proyek tersebut dalam menentukan keberhasilan KPBU jalan tol Manado-Bitung. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis faktor konfirmatori (CFA). Hasil penelitlian menunjukkan dari 68 indikator yang dianalisis, dapat terbentuk 8 faktor baru, yakni faktor ekonomi politik, faktor sosial dan kecakapan teknis, faktor risiko, faktor bisnis dan social, faktor budaya masyarakat, faktor budaya organisasi, faktor pajak dan kesempatan kerja, dan faktor system organisasi.
Smoking Prevalence and Difficulties to Quitting Among National Heart Institute Patients, Visitors, and Workers (Egypt)
Authors: Safwat Wael , Mahrous Mary Rabea , Zarif Bassem
Published: September 2022

Purpose: The study aims to overview the smoking habits, their prevalence, and their correlation with socio-cultural determinants by screening smoking in the national heart institute population.

Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the form of a face-to-face survey. The interviews were carried out by a well-trained team of interviewers, using a survey according to a stratified random sampling approach. The study design was mainly about meeting up to about 300 health care workers and 300 patients visiting the clinics in the national heart institute. Then, start to gather information from them if they smoke and learn more about the type of smoking, they do and their smoking habits. The survey included questions for smokers about quitting trials and their reasons for sticking to smoking. After that, the interviewers tried to raise awareness about the negative impact of tobacco. The next step was to try to advise these smokers to quit.

Findings: The study cohort was 160 visitors (36%), 82 employee (19%), 76 nurses (17%), 64 patients (14%), 41 physician (9%) and 20 technician (5%). Regarding the education level, 63% had primary school education, 17% had a university level, and 15% were illiterate. Smoking prevalence was 60% of the patients, 45% of the visitors, and 30% of the health care workers. In the study sample, smokers were more likely to have diabetes (P0.071), to be hypertensive (P0.034), and to have a history of heart disease (P 0.004). They were more likely to be males (P<0.001). There was no significant difference between smokers and non-smokers regarding geographical residence or educational level. Smokers are more likely to be aware of smoking hazards, including heart problems, COPD, cancer, and E.D (P<0.001).

Recommendations: This cross-sectional survey study showed only the association, therefore, the cause, pathogenesis, and effect were not evaluated. The study recommend further research with pre specified outcomes.
Intradialysis Cardiac Arrest in a 40 year old Woman with Diabetic Nephropathy Precipitated by Hyperkalemia Induced by Type 4 Renal Tubular Acidosis.
Authors: Uduagbamen PK , Nwinne CM , Adedeji AJ
Published: September 2022

Purpose: We present a rare case of intra-dialytic cardiac arrest secondary to renal tubular acidosis precipitated by severe hyperkalemia. Renal tubular acidosis (RTA) type 4 results from defective distal tubular (DT) response to aldosterone and could lead to hyperkalemia and metabolic acidosis, conditions which in their severe forms, can precipitate cardiac arrest.

Methodology: Here, we present the management of intra-dialysis cardiac arrest precipitated by severe hyperkalemia.

Results: Patient was an 18 year old female, diabetic who had 3 episodes of intra-dialysis cardiac arrest requiring cardiac defibrillation. She was dyspneic, drowsy, pale, had flapping tremor and a tunneled internal jugular catheter insitu. Her pulse was 124/min, blood pressure was 166/98 mmHg and the third heart sounds was heard. Urinalysis showed 3 (+++) of protein. Arterial blood gases (ABGs) revealed hyperkalemia (7.0mmol/l), hypobicarbonatemia (12mmol/l), blood PH (7.2) and blood glucose (249mmol). Serum creatinine was 947umol/l and tall tented T waves were seen on electrocardiogram.  

Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: With a carefully prescribed dialysis, meal and drug regimen, intra-dialysis cardiac arrest can be prevented, and well managed when it occurs.
Relationship of Diabetes Mellitus Among The Patients Reporting With Fascial Space Infection
Authors: Shar Mor khan , Ali Sana , Farooq Muhammad Umar , Sadiq Hanum , Junaid Muhammad Junaid , Rana Zahoor Ahmed
Published: September 2022

Objective: To determine the frequency of diabetic patients having Odontogenic Maxillofacial space infections in local population.
Methodology: This cross sectional study was carried out from 1-3-2020 to August 2020 in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad, to assess the frequency and association of diabetics with facial space infection.Â  A total of 70 patients of both genders with Odontogenic maxillofacial infection were included in the study. Patients were stratified into three age groups; Age group 1 was from 18-30, Age group 2 from 31-45 years and Age group 3 from 46-60 years. This form includes demographic data (age, gender, contact information, address), medical history (diabetic or non-diabetic) along with sign and symptoms were noted in the Performa. The SPSS version 20.0 was used to analyze the data. Mean and standard deviation was calculated for age. Frequency and percentages were used for the gender and diabetes mellitus.
Results: A total of 70 patients having Odontogenic maxillofacial space infection. Of these 70 study cases, 42 (60%) were females and 28 (40%) were males with mean age of 40.97Â±10.32 years. Out of 70 patients, 55 (78.57%) were diabetic and 15 (21.43%) patients were non-diabetic patients.
Conclusion: Diabetic patients are more prone to Odontogenic maxillofacial space infections and due to poor diabetic control multispace infection along with severe complications may occur.
Os Kaiowá e Guarani e o Estado Brasileiro: fronteiras, territórios e identidades no sul de Mato Grosso do Sul
Authors: Rani Epifânio Soares Pâmella , Ribeiro Mara Aline , Aguilera Urquiza Antônio Hilário
Published: September 2022

No artigo são discutidas como as práticas do Estado brasileiro atuam na luta pela garantia dos direitos indígenas dos Guarani e Kaiowá no sul de Mato Grosso do Sul. A metodologia compreende exercícios de reflexão sobre os elementos da vida Guarani e Kaiowá, o modo de ser e caminhar no território tradicional e da fragmentação dos Guarani em diferentes territórios nacionais. O objetivo geral é: “demonstrar como a articulação das práticas que constituíram os limites fronteiriços no estado de Mato Grosso do Sul negaram a luta indígena dos Kaiowá e Guarani”
Profissões generificadas: papéis sexuais estereotipados no filme “Suprema”
Authors: Ferreira Edimara Maria , Pereira Farias Rita de Cássia , Lopes Miranda Edna
Published: September 2022

O filme “Suprema” conta a história da advogada norte-americana Ruth Ginsburg, iniciante na faculdade de Direito de Harvard em 1956, e sua luta contra a desigualdade de gênero vigente à época. Observa-se que, nas relações sociais e vivência cotidiana, a sociedade internaliza práticas e discursos socializadores e condicionantes do que compete ao homem e à mulher. Os discursos estereotipados sobre o papel da mulher na família transcendem o âmbito privado, determinando a dinâmica e as práticas da esfera pública. Neste sentido, percebe-se que o Direito foi legitimado como um instrumento normativo masculino que pode contribuir para ampliar a dominação masculina sobre a mulher e/ou para a construção e perpetuação de papéis e práticas sociais estereotipadas.
Seguindo os passos de Karl von den Steinen: uma visita aos Bakairí (Mato Grosso, Brasil)
Authors: Schefold Bertram , Camarinha Lopes Tiago
Published: September 2022

O etnólogo alemão Karl von den Steinen (1855 - 1929) realizou duas expedições na região do Xingu nos anos 1880, tendo publicado seus relatos sobre a região e seus povos na Alemanha em fins do século 19. Em 1999 o neto de Karl von den Steinen, professor de economia política e história do pensamento econômico na Universidade de Frankfurt a. M., Bertram Schefold, veio ao Brasil para proferir uma série de palestras sobre teoria do capital que proferiu no Rio de Janeiro e visitou os Bakairí no Mato Grosso. Lá ele conheceu Vilinta, neta de Antônio, o indígena Bakairí que guiou Karl von den Steinen em sua primeira expedição até as nascentes do Xingu em 1884. O reencontro entre os descendentes do europeu e de seu guia Bakairí ensejou a elaboração de quatro projetos, que foram anunciados pelo filho de Vilinta, Estevan, no sentido de valorização cultural e aproximação. Entre eles, propunha-se a realização da visita de uma delegação Bakairí ao Museu Etnológico em Berlim. Esse é o relato de Bertram Schefold acerca de sua viagem, traduzido do alemão para o português, de modo a torná-lo acessível aos leitores de língua portuguesa e para contribuir com a disseminação da ideia da viagem dos Bakairí a Berlim, que ainda não foi realizada.
Da harpa cristã ao hip-hop gospel: como a música marca a identidade das Assembleias de Deus no Brasil
Authors: Rodrigues da Costa Otávio Barduzzi
Published: September 2022

Esse trabalho  pretende fazer um comparativo das mudanças culturais que perpassaram a igreja Assembleia de Deus, maior igreja pentecostal da América Latina, com 22 milhões de membros no Brasil junto a sua cultura musical, que mudou da harpa cristã, hinário tradicional com músicas centenárias, cujas letras remetem a sofrimento, consolo e preocupações espirituais, passa pela novas músicas de mercado gospel da indústria cultural, onde a mensagem é de vitória financeira e chega até o hip-hop gospel, donde dentro de uma minoria da igreja denuncia as desigualdades sociais. com isso mostraremos que a musicalidade inerente da Assembleia de Deus reflete as mudanças culturais que estão passando. palavras-chave: pentecostalismo, musicalidade, mudança cultural, antropologia
Salgueiro: a arte de cantar, dançar, batucar e brincar sambas-enredo afro-brasileiros
Authors: Pimenta Vítor Gonçalves
Published: September 2022

Neste artigo, investigo o samba-enredo como artefato incorporado pelo corpo da comunidade da escola de samba Acadêmicos do Salgueiro na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. A comunidade configura-se como um grande grupo de corpos, que se subdivide nas diversas alas que compõem a agremiação. A comunidade é formada pela ala das baianas, a ala da Velha Guarda, os três casais de mestre-sala e porta-bandeira, a ala dos/as passistas, a ala da bateria, ala dos compositores, as alas que contam o enredo da escola, os/as componentes das alegorias, e a equipe do carro de som, composta por instrumentistas, intérpretes e os/as diretores/as de harmonia. Assim, partindo de uma observação participante e dançante, e da utilização de entrevista semiestruturada, foco na reverberação de sambas-enredo afro-brasileiros pelo corpo comunitário. O objetivo é evocar o movimento do samba-enredo que é feito para ser cantado, dançado, batucado e brincado na avenida.
Abordagem etnográfica em avaliação de programas nos tribunais de contas brasileiros
Authors: Ferraz Serafim Firmo de Souza , Castro Priscila Lima de , Paiva Luis Eduardo Brandão
Published: September 2022

Esta pesquisa teve por objetivo investigar a percepção dos auditores de controle externo sobre a utilização do método etnográfico nas avaliações de programas e políticas públicas realizadas em tribunais de contas estaduais. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, adotando-se categorias de análise dos métodos dominantes e a abordagem etnográfica, além da escolha de unidades de análise. Definiu-se como unidades de análise quatro Tribunais de Contas, em que foram entrevistados oito auditores. Os resultados sugerem o potencial da abordagem etnográfica em avalição de programas e políticas públicas para aprimorar a compreensão do contexto avaliado e a melhor requalificação analítica das conclusões numéricas das avaliações operacionais e, sobretudo, o estímulo à participação social e à apropriação da matéria pelas comunidades e pelos cidadãos em geral. Em contrapartida, ressaltam a possível elevação dos custos imediatos associados à abordagem tradicional e a necessidade de capacitação dos auditores em técnicas do método etnográfico.
A fronteira do oeste: o desconhecido território lusitano
Authors: Lopes Ana Paula de Oliveira
Published: September 2022

Este trabalho é uma introdução ao estudo sobre Mato Grosso na sua condição de fronteira expandida e colonizada pelos portugueses no século XVIII, especialmente no governo de Luiz de Albuquerque de Mello Pereira e Cáceres (1772-1790), através da consolidação da primeira capital da antiga província, Villa Bella da Santíssima Trindade, enquanto um território conquistado a partir dos códigos culturais europeus.
Índice de confianza empresarial para pequeñas y medianas empresas en el Ecuador: análisis e implicaciones para el sector de las PYME
Authors: Oñate-Paredes Carlos , Araque Wilson , Arguello Andrés , Verdugo Nathaly
Published: September 2022

Resumen
La presente investigación analiza, de manera empírica, las percepciones de confianza empresarial de una muestra de pequeñas y medianas empresas (PYME) en el Ecuador, y su relación con el desarrollo de la economía del país. A partir de la metodología del Índice de Confianza del Empresario Industrial, elaborado por la Confederación Nacional de la Industria de Brasil, se propone, para el caso ecuatoriano, el Índice de Confianza Empresarial para PYME -ICE-PYME-, cuya información proviene de las Encuestas Cuatrimestrales de Coyuntura de la PYME, levantadas por la Universidad Andina Simón Bolívar, Sede Ecuador. Los principales resultados mostraron una correlación positiva entre las percepciones económicas actuales de las PYME y el comportamiento de la economía ecuatoriana a nivel macro; no obstante, las expectativas futuras de las PYME presentan una tendencia optimista frente a la realidad económica del país, indicando que, si bien los empresarios de este sector comprenden la delicada situación socioeconómica local, aún tienen expectativas de mejora para el futuro funcionamiento de sus organizaciones. El ICE-PYME, al ser una herramienta inédita en el Ecuador, gana relevancia por mostrar las percepciones económicas de su grupo objetivo, y además por ser un instrumento que complementa a otras mediciones del entorno socioeconómico del país.

Palabras clave: Índice de Confianza Empresarial, PYME, Ecuador.
The Circle and the Poets of Petrashevsky
Authors: ILICA Sevgi
Published: September 2022

The circle of Petrashevsky, getting into the act in 1840s in Petersburg, makes a notable contribution to Russian literature and philosophy. The members of the circle, composed of different professional fields like student, officer, poet, writer, philosopher, merchant and soldier, vociferously condemn the system of tsardom and serfdom. The members of Petrashevsky develop their utopian-socialist views majorly on the theories of the French philosopher François Marie Charles Fourier and the Russian philosopher Vissarion Grigorevich Belinsky. Meeting up every Friday night at the home of the circle leader Mihail Vasilevich Butashevich-Petrashevsky in Petersburg, the members discuss current, social, political, literary, religious and philosophical issues. The members of Petrashevsky circle plan to overthrow the existing regime. One of the most important propaganda organs of the circle of Petrashevsky is poetry. The poets of Petrashevsky aim to infuse their modern and liberal thoughts into the public. However, Tsar Nicholas I’s authoritarian government restricts poets’ actions and discourse. The Petrashevsky poets Aleksei Nikolaevich Pleshcheyev' and Dmitry Dmitrievich Achsharumov dream a free, independent, fair, equal and happy future in their poems. In Sergei Fedorovich Durov’s poems come into prominence dissatisfaction towards his period, disappointment, pessimism, desperation and hopelessness.
Nueva multiactividad y diversidad de trabajos de las mujeres rurales del Bajío guanajuatense, México, durante el periodo 1985-2015
Authors: Rodríguez Herrera Jorge , Ruiz Rueda Héctor
Published: September 2022

En el presente artículo abordamos el análisis de la diversidad de trabajos organizados y realizados cotidianamente por las madres de familia en comunidades rurales del Bajío guanajuatense en México. A partir de un acercamiento apoyado en la articulación de los enfoques cuantitativo y cualitativo ponemos atención en los cambios y persistencias en la multiactividad de las mujeres, en especial los acontecidos entre 1985-2015. Pese a que durante este periodo las mujeres han incrementado su participación en una diversidad de trabajos, persiste una intermitente o nula participación de los varones en las actividades reproductivas.
El auxilio del Estado o el pasado del presente agrario: SanCor y sus 80 años en la industria láctea argentina.
Authors: Girbal-Blacha Noemí
Published: September 2022

En síntesis: si en tiempos de prosperidad, como los de la Argentina de mediados del siglo XX, el crédito oficial continuaba auxiliando a las empresas agropecuarias, al cooperativismo y especialmente a las cooperativas tamberas, "SanCor" -que es el caso elegido para singularizar este ensayo de corte histórico-  no es la excepción a los alcances de esa política que se justificara en los inicios de esas cooperativas y emprendimientos, pero que habría de sostenerse en el tiempo. En sus 80 años de existencia "SanCor" ha recibido con fluída continuidad el respaldo financiero del crédito oficial barato, con largos plazos de reintegro y subsidios especiales, aun en períodos recientes en que está exenta -a nivel nacional- del pago de ganancias e ingresos brutos. Siempre estuvo cerca del poder político con sus efectos positivos y negativos, trascendiendo cambios y continuidades partidarias e institucionales. Hoy -y no es la única vez como se refiere en estas páginas-  recibe los costos de esta proximidad y alianza con el poder político de turno, aun sin guardar consonancia con los intereses de sus socios cooperativistas y de la propia empresa cooperativa. Recordar acontecimientos de esta breve historia, puede resultar un insumo interesante a la hora de proponer la formulación de políticas públicas, ejecutar decisiones y especialmente cuando se pretende enlazar los destinos públicos con los privados. El pasado del presente agrario es parte de esta historia que la actualidad refleja aunque no la explicite.
Fitosanitarios un alternativa segura y sustentable para aumentar la productividad
Authors: Ferrara Diego
Published: September 2022

Entrevista con Diego Ferraro.
"Puede haber productos cuyos principios activos sean peligrosos para la salud humana, pero bien usados su riesgo tiende a ser suficientemente bajo como para que valgan la pena ser usados".
Aspectos socio-espaciales de experiencias económicas alternativas. La economía social y solidaria en Mendoza de 2001 a 2017: un estudio desde los casos de El Arca y la Unión de Trabajadores Rurales sin Tierra
Authors: Jurado Emanuel
Published: September 2022

En esta tesis, se analiza el devenir socio-productivo de El Arca y la Unión de Trabajadores Rurales sin Tierra, organizaciones mendocinas que enmarcan su labor en el vasto espectro de la ESS; la primera, una asociación con fuerte raigambre barrial en las afueras del Gran Mendoza; la segunda, una organización campesina con presencia en una amplia porción del territorio mendocino e, inclusive, sanjuanino.
Design of Dual-Band Microstrip Antenna with U-Shaped Slot
Authors: Rahul Anil Nair
Published: September 2022

In some applications, it is required to have dual band characteristics instead of single band. This characteristic can be obtained by embedding a U-slot in the patch and hence the radiating patch includes a pair of step – slots. In this paper, we propose a dual band microstrip patch antenna with a U- shaped slot fed by coaxial feeding technique. The proposal antennas designed, simulated and optimized using Ansoft HFSS Vs 15. The simulation results are presented in terms of return loss, VSWR, input impedance, gain and radiation pattern. The dimensions are optimized to achieve the exact operating frequencies using resonating frequency control mechanisms. The results showed that the U-Shaped slot microstrip antennas efficiently operated at 2.4Ghz and 4.6Ghz.
Homens em tempos de umbra: Cruz e Sousa e Benjamin
Authors: Radünz Dennis
Published: September 2022

Nesse artigo, o poema em prosa "Umbra”, de João da Cruz e Sousa (2008 [1891]), é tomado como epítome do espaço urbano derruído, reportando-o a Charles Baudelaire e ao poema pós-simbolista “Sub-umbra”, de Artur de Sales (1987 [1950]), como enunciação do estranhamento saturnino (Giorgio Agamben) e da renúncia (Paul Valéry) em justaposição ao conceito de “fugacidade eterna” (BENJAMIN, 2006). Nessa dialética, a imagem do afloramento calcário descrito em Umbra encontra as relações entre memória e estratigrafia de Walter Benjamin e, tendo por objeto esse “quadro micrológico da cultura cotidiana” (BOLLE, (2006 [1994]), o poema em prosa do século XIX se desdobra em textos contemporâneos – devir-barro no romance de Itamar Vieira Júnior; geocrítica de José Miguel Wisnik; tugurização e contra-arquitetura de Antonio José Ponte e simbolismo experimental de Claudio Daniel – e no site-specific Testemunho, do artista Daniel de Paula, à procura de registrar a fugacidade urbana em seu devir-natureza. Nessa deriva de leituras, Cruz e Sousa e Benjamin se aproximam em outra “imagem do pensamento”.
Preventive Agent of Vitamin C Against PB-Induced Toxicity: A Review
Authors: Ahmad Khan Waqar
Published: September 2022

Pb poisoning has a wide range of clinical effects on practically all tissues, with the, liver, brain and renals being the main targets because of the abundance of mitochondria in these tissues. One of the most powerful components of water-soluble vitamin C long. The current study has recommended that vitamin C may have an anticancer mechanism in addition to being an anti-inflammatory agent and potent antioxidant in the treatment of neurological disorder, cardiac disease, kidney, and liver disorders. It will also examine the preventive agent of vitamin C combat Pb-induced toxicity in both animals and humans. Pb-induced toxicity in different organ-systems results from increased oxidative stress through the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS).
New Information on the Mechanisms Underlying the Neurotoxicity Caused by Methylmercury and Manganese
Authors: Ahmad Khan Waqar
Published: September 2022

Toxic elements are extensively distributed in the Earth’s crust and individuals may be exposed to several of them. Indeed, exposure to toxic elements such as mercury (Hg) can be a potential health risk factor of health, mainly by ingestion of fish containing methylmercury (MeHg). On the other hand, essential elements such as manganese (Mn) play an important role in physiological process in human body. In this regard, it is well known that MeHg and Manganese have neurotoxic effects on the developing brain. Therefore, we discuss the effects of Methylmercury and Manganese on cell signaling pathways in this review, as these effects may contribute to the molecular mechanisms underlying Methylmercury and Manganese -induced neurotoxicity.
IMPLEMENTASI SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN POSISI KERJA DENGAN METODE SAW PADA PT SALAM WADAH KARYA
Authors: Wahyu Saputro  , Saputra Fahrul Dimas
Published: September 2022

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian mengenai implementasi Sistem Pendukung Keputusan posisi kerja berdasarkan penilaian kemampuan dengan metode Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) pada PT. Salam Wadah Karya. Tujuannya yaitu menghasilkan penilaian kemampuan karyawan yang lebih baik, mudah dilakukan, dan penentuan posisi kerja sesuai dengan kemampuan yang dimiliki. Metode yang digunakan yaitu Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) dimana sistem akan menentukan hasil berdasarkan masukan yang diberikan peneliti. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan dokumentasi, observasi, dan wawancara dengan perusahaan. Pembuatan sistem dilakukan dengan tools Microsoft Excel. Hasil dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui posisi kerja yang sesuai untuk karyawan PT Salam Wadah Karya. Peneliti melakukan penghitungan kepada 34 data karyawan dan 7 kriteria dari perusahaan lalu akan dihitung menggunakan metode SAW dan dilakukan perangkingan. Hasil dari penghitungan yang dilakukan menghasilkan keakuratan metode SAW pada penentuan posisi kerja karyawan PT Salam Wadah Karya sebesar 85% dengan membandingkan hasil metode SAW dengan data yang ada di lapangan.
Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Management on Burn Injury: A Case Report
Authors: Ni Kadek Ayu Satya Dewanti  , Ni Kadek Rima Sulistyawati  , I Wayan Donny Iswara  , Ida Kurniawati
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Burns are incidents that cause damage to body tissues including the skin and surrounding tissues resulted from thermal exposures such as flames and extreme cold temperature (frostbite), or other causes. Physical therapy management play important roles in burn injury to improve functional status and reduce pain. In this article we will discuss the importance of physical therapy management in patient with burn injury

Case description: A 61-year-old female patient was struck by fire caused by a gas stove explosion while cooking, and trapped in a closed room for 9 minutes. The patient has received debridement and continued physical therapy rehabilitation. The rehabilitation program was including range of motion (ROM) exercise, pumping exercise, breathing exercise, chest physical therapy, and positioning.

Results: After undergoing physical therapy management for one week, the results showed a significant increase in the range of motion, muscle strength (shoulder, MMT= 4; elbow, MMT= 3; hip, MMT= 2; knee and ankle, MMT= 3), skin integrity (Braden Scale: 18, considered as low risk), and functional status (Barthel Index: 9, considered as moderate dependence). Conversely, the value of silent pain and tenderness were decreased (NPRS: 0/10 and 2/10, respectively). However, no change was observed in motion pain (NPRS: 3/10).

Conclusions: Physical therapy rehabilitation can increase ROM, muscle strength, and function in the extremities. In addition, this rehabilitation program positively impacts improving the patient's functional abilities.
Factors Contributing to Plantar Fasciitis in Women
Authors: I Gusti Ayu Dea Rarassanti  , Putu Ayu Sita Saraswati  , Anak Ayu Nyoman Trisna Narta Dewi
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Plantar fasciitis is a degenerative syndrome that causes inflammation of the plantar fascia due to repetitive trauma and excessive stretching, which can cause a tear in the plantar fascia. This study aimed to determine the possible risk factors that affect the incidence of plantar fasciitis.

Methods: This study design was the literature review. This study searched journals through Google Scholar and PubMed databases related to plantar fasciitis or the factors that influence plantar fasciitis.

Results: In general, the risk factors for plantar fasciitis are classified into intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Inherent factors can be age, gender, and body mass index (BMI), while outside factors are the use of shoes and duration or standing time.

Conclusions: A high BMI is a more dominant intrinsic factor in causing plantar fasciitis. Meanwhile, the use of shoes and the duration of time of standing were the more dominant external factors for the incidence of plantar fasciitis.
Design and Analysis of an Automatic Power Changeover with Backup
Authors: Effraim Patrick , Addison Mr. Napoleon , Bayor Mr. Abayemah Alphonus
Published: September 2022

The stability of the power supply in Ghana and another part of Africa is a major concern to the community and shop owners. The need for alternative power supply support and switching of load between two power sources. The system will eliminate the need for manual intervention by sensing the main gridline supply and switching to a backup source. Automation charger over to the backup source will eliminate the delay and provide efficiency in production. The system will automatically switch back when main gridline power is restored back. the system uses a microcontroller as the main automatic changing over the process and other component consists of a power supply circuit consisting of a step-down transformer, rectifier, filter capacitor, voltage regulator, and sg3525 which perform the oscillation convention from DC to AC Renewable energy sources generating direct current will require inverters to produce the alternating current necessary for domestic and industrial use The design, construction, testing of this circuit, is satisfactorily in switching from mains supply to generator/renewable energy source(s) and vice versa.
Smart Systems: Theory and Advances
Authors: Fontgalland Glauco
Published: September 2022

This book aims to highlight the strength and state-of-art of some techniques and methods applied to intelligent systems. Rather to cover the variety of techniques and methods available in the literature, which is out of scope of this book, it focuses on those consolidated and applied and on those with high potential of implementation to smart systems. This book has fourteen chapters covering abroad range of topics in communications. The first three chapters are devoted to state-of-art and review papers on planar filters, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV), negative group delay, nanoclusters, and tunable lights, while the remain chapters cover specific topics such as smart monitoring, V2I, high-speed links, RF and Optical sensors, composite material, metamaterial, energy harvesting, radar, SWIPT, and electromagnetic sources.
40K INCORPORATION IN RESIDENTS OF LUNINETSKY DISTRICT OF BREST REGION
Authors:   Belarusian State Medical University, A. R. Avetisov , A. N. Stojarov ,   Belarusian State Medical University
Published: September 2022

The incorporation of 40K in the body of residents of the Luninets district of the Brest region was studied based on the results of 58809 measurements on a human radiation spectrometer for the period from 2016 to 2020. Significant differences were established in the specific content of potassium in body tissues according to such criteria as place of residence, residence at the time of the Chernobyl accident, age, gender. Of these, age and gender are recognized as the most significant and determining. Linear regression models have been created that describe the accumulation of 40K in the body of residents of the area, depending on age and gender. It was found that modeling the age­dependent content of 40 K shows the best results with a preliminary separation of the population by gender.
CHARACTERISTIC OF CONTINUITY OF THE EPIDEMIC PROCESS OF INFECTIOUS MONONUCLEOSIS IN MINSK
Authors:   Belarusian State Medical University, T. S. Vasyuk , G. N. Chistenko ,   Belarusian State Medical University
Published: September 2022

We have studied one of the characteristics of the epidemic process of infectious mononucleosis – the continuity of the epidemic process. When analyzing the data we found that in Minsk in the year 2012–2019 there were between 0 and 10 cases per day with intervals of varying duration. During the analysis period (according to the average multi­year data), days with 2 cases per day were more common (25,43 % ± 0,03 %), less often – days with 1 case (23,03 % ± 0,03 %) and with 3 cases (18,45 % ± 0,03 %) per day. Short intervals (from 0 to 3 days) were more common between days with a small number of cases. The proportion of 0 and 1 day intervals for 1 and 2 cases per day was 22,50 %, 21,16 % and 26,31 %, 19,06 % respectively. For days with a small number of cases their share decreased with an increase in the length of the intervals (for the interval of 16 days or more it was 0,94–4,08 % for days with 1–3 cases per day). With the increase in the number of cases per day (from 4 or more) there was an increase in the number of long intervals (for days with 4 and 5 cases per day, the frequency of 8–10 days, 11–15 days and 16 days or more was 10,95–13,91 % and 10,86–33,14 % respectively). At the same time, the low rate of hospitalization in the first days of the disease (15,58 % on the first or second day) contributed to the further spread of the infection and the formation of days with several (not one) cases of the disease. Thus, the current frequency of different intervals between days with different numbers of cases per day ensures the continuous spread of infectious mononucleosis in the territory of the city of Minsk.
SYNCOPAL STATE: A MULTIDISCIPLINARY VIEW ON A SYSTEM PROBLEM
Authors:   1134 military clinical medical center of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Belaru, A. I. Нamanovich , Zh. Z. Shved ,   Grodno State Medical University, A. G. Bajda ,   Belarusian State Medical University, D. G. Volchkevich ,   Grodno State Medical University, A. I. Cidik ,   1134 military clinical medical center of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Belarus, T. A. Kirkitskaya ,   1134 military clinical medical center of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Belarus
Published: September 2022

The results of the study of persons with syncope are presented. The aim of the study was to determine the frequency and cause of syncope in young people. Study of the relationship between syncope and diagnosed changes in laboratory, instrumental research methods and testing of psychoemotional status. In the course of the work, the method of social anonymous survey on the basis of Google Forms of medical university students was applied, the case histories of patients of the neurological department were analyzed. The reasons for syncope in the surveyed respondents in the study group were various mechanisms: neurogenic, reflex and orthostatic hypotension. According to the data of an in­depth examination of patients of the neurological department, the relationship between syncope and diagnosed nonspecific abnormalities in the results of laboratory and instrumental research methods was shown. An interdisciplinary approach has allowed us to expand our understanding of the mechanisms of syncope development and to prevent recurrent syncope.