bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Experimental Study of Selected Properties of Heavyweight Concrete Based on Analysis of Chemical Composition and Radioactive Elements of its Components
Authors: Dragomirová Janette , Palou Martin , Gméling Katalin , Szilágyi Veronika , Harsányi Ildikó , Szentmiklósi László
Published: July 2021

Heavyweight concrete is mostly used for its shielding properties in the nuclear power plants. These properties can already be influenced by the selection of the input materials. In the present study, concrete samples comprised of four-component binders based on CEM I 42.5 R, blast furnace slag, metakaolin and limestone and a mixture of barite and magnetite aggregate, were investigated. Based on Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence, Neutron Activation, and Prompt-Gamma Activation analyses, three concrete designs were prepared and tested. Mechanical, physical (namely cubic compressive strength, bulk density, longitudinal deformation, and dynamic modulus of elasticity) and thermal properties (thermal conductivity coefficient, specific heat capacity, and thermal diffusivity), which should be influenced by the long-term exposure to irradiation were investigated. Presented results confirmed that the prepared samples are heavyweight concrete with bulk density higher than 3400 kg.m-3 with a low level of longitudinal deformation (between 0.265 ‰ and 0.352 ‰). All the prepared samples belong to the C 35/45 concrete strength class.
Utilization of Fly Ash in the Synthesis of Refractory Forsterite-Spinel Ceramics
Authors: Nguyen Martin , Sokolař Radomír
Published: July 2021

Forsterite refractory ceramics is utilized in the metallurgical and cement industries as a lining of metallurgical furnaces and rotary kilns for its high refractoriness up to 1850°C and refractoriness under load above 1600°C. Another significant property of forsterite is its coefficient of linear thermal expansion utilized in the electrotechnical industry for ceramic-metal joints. Addition of aluminium oxide into the raw material mixture results in creation of magnesium-alumina spinel (MgO·Al2O3) which improves sintering, thermal shock resistance and mechanical properties in comparison with pure forsterite ceramics. Inexpensive source of aluminium oxide is fly ash. Utilization of fly ash, secondary energetic product of coal-burning power plants, is important for the environment and sustainable development. This paper evaluated properties of fly ash-based forsterite-spinel ceramics in comparison with alumina-based forsterite-spinel ceramics. Forsterite-spinel ceramics was synthesized from olivine, calcined magnesite and fly ash/alumina powders. XRD analysis was used to determine mineralogical composition, thermal analyses were used to determine the behaviour during firing and scanning electron microscopy to determine the morphology of crystal phases. Refractoriness of pyrometric cones, refractoriness under load, thermal shock resistance, coefficient of linear thermal expansion, water absorption, porosity and modulus of rupture were also determined on fired test samples.
The Effect of Class C Fly Ash on the Water Impermeability of Brick Body
Authors: Sokolař Radomír , Nguyen Martin , Pavelka Oldřich
Published: July 2021

The effect of fluidized fly ash (Tisová, ČEZ Group Czech Republic, class C according to ASTM C618) on the porosity (water absorption, bulk density, capillarity) and water impermeability of brick body used for the production of clay roofing tiles (Wienerberger, Czech Republic). The properties of plastic body (mixing water, drying shrinkage) are discussed too. The addition (10 %wt) of fluidized fly ash in the raw materials mixture for the production of clay roofing tiles generally reduces the sensitivity to the formation of reducing cores during firing thanks to higher porosity of dried green body (higher mixing water) - this is also related to the higher water absorption and capillarity of the fired body and hence to the impaired water impermeability when the fly ash is used.
Factors Influencing Mullite Formation in Refractory Grog
Authors: Nevřivová Lenka , Zemánek David
Published: July 2021

The mineral mullite has many outstanding refractory properties. The content of aluminum oxide in the raw material is the basic factor influencing the content of mullite in the final product. Depending on Al2O3 content, silica-alumina materials can be divided into fireclay and high-alumina with the Al2O3 content of 45 % and more. The study describes the influence of raw material, the influence of homogenization of raw material and influence of firing temperature on the mullite formation in fireclay refractory material. Three kinds of refractory clay with different chemical composition were used as raw material for fireclay grog production. Three kinds of homogenization and three different temperatures were studied as factors influencing mullite formation. Powder X-ray diffraction was used to determine mullite content in material. Quantitative phase analysis was conducted by the Rietveld method. Mullite crystals morphology was observed by scanning electron microscopy.
Influence of Cement Type on Stability of Concrete Mixture
Authors: Ťažký Martin , Hela Rudolf
Published: July 2021

The continuous tightening of emission limits for the production of harmful substances into the air and the rising price of emission allowances gradually force construction material producers to limit the use of binders with a high content of Portland clinker. In the production of concrete, this is achieved by using admixtures, which make it possible to reduce Portland cement doses. However, the single European market uses a method that maximises the use of blened cements, making it easier for cement plants to meet emission limits while not reducing cement production. The performed experiment focused on the possibility of using CEM II and CEM III cements and their comparison with CEM I cement not only in terms of the physical–mechanical parameters of concrete but also in terms of the stability of concrete mixtures made from these cements. The stability of concrete mixtures was monitored using the water separation value in the pressure method. In the experiment, the relationship between water separation and physical parameters of cement was explored.
Possibilities of Utilization of Waste Materials in Production of Electrically Conductive Composites on Silicate Basis
Authors: Majerová Jana , Drochytka Rostislav
Published: July 2021

The electrical conductivity of concrete can be achieved by adding steel wires or functional fillers. Commonly used fillers are nanotubes, carbon black, nickel powder and so on. These fillers are expensive, but there is a possibility to use waste materials. This is the subject of this experiment. The conductive properties of conductive sand, sludge from the wire drawing process, iron grinding dust waste and waste carbon were verified. From these fillers, waste carbon showed the best electrical properties (impedance). The impedance of the waste carbon was 0.31 Ω and the impedance of the cement composite containing 70% of the weight of waste carbon was less than 670 Ω.
Changes in Crystallite Size of Tricalcium Silicate during the Laboratory Grinding
Authors: Ravaszová Simona , Dvořák Karel
Published: July 2021

The paper is focused on one of the most important component of Portland clinker-on the tricalcium silicate. The study reported in this article is focuses on the changes in crystallite size of synthetic tricalcium silicate obtained using solid state reaction method. Crystallite size changes are monitored during the grinding in three types of laboratory mills in two different conditions. Changing in crystallite size at various grinding time up to 120 minutes are studied with the aid of X-ray diffraction and using the Scherrer equation. It has been found that the most efficient laboratory mill in terms of speed and fineness of the material was the planetary mill.
Study of Development of Hydrating Temperatures and Reduction of Volume Changes in Concretes
Authors: Pikna Ondřej , Ťažký Martin , Hela Rudolf , Křížová Klára
Published: July 2021

One of the main characteristics in the concreting of massive waterproof structures and dam bodies is the prediction of crack formation. This prediction is associated with an understanding of the mechanics of development of hydration temperatures that affect in particular the selected binder parts of concrete. A suitable combination of cement with mineral admixtures, as well as the use of so-called shrinkage-reducing admixtures, seems to be an effective tool for influencing the dynamics of development and maximum values of hydration temperatures. Appropriate selection of the formula itself can significantly extend the lifetime of the mentioned structures. The paper is focused on monitoring the influence of different types of mineral admixtures on the effect of volume changes of cement pastes. The association of these volume changes with the development of hydration temperatures of these pastes was also observed. In order to minimize both of these phenomena, the possibility of using a shrinkage-reducing admixture was verified.
The Development of New Chemically Resistant Material for the Invert Grouting
Authors: Figala Petr , Drochytka Rostislav , Černý Vit
Published: July 2021

This work deals with the basic research and development of new technologies of cement-based invert grouting, in the recipe of which the appropriately selected secondary raw materials will be used as much as possible. This new grout will be part of a new comprehensive system for the remediation of chemically exposed building structures, such as sewers, silage pits and wastewater treatment plants. The aim of this work is to monitor the influence of the method and the degree of homogenization of the developed recipes on selected physical-mechanical properties of the injection material. For the needs of this work, several basic recipes were proposed, as well as the methodology of production of test specimens, their storage and testing. At the same time, three homogenization methods were chosen, differing in the manner and degree of implementation. The basic characteristics of grouting materials, which were monitored in this work, include the viscosity and processability of fresh material. Due to the requirement for increased resistance of the new material, the compressive strength and absorbency of the hardened test specimens 40 × 40 × 160 mm were monitored depending on the maturation time. The research results so far show that thorough homogenization has a fundamental effect on achieving the required physical-mechanical properties. The final methodology of homogenization of dry components will be used in the pre-preparation of all materials of the new chemically resistant remediation system, including the sprayed mixture.
Effect of Limestone Origin on the CaCO3 Decomposition Process and Subsequent Crystallization Process of CaO
Authors: Sklenářová Dorothea , Dvořák Karel , Koporcová Diana Mária
Published: July 2021

In this study, the process of decomposition of CaCO3 and crystallization of CaO has been analyzed. The aim of this work is to compare behavior and changes in microstructure between different limestone samples (as geological age and origin, total porosity, hardness category). Studied samples were analyzed in high temperature chamber during the firing process by XRD analysis. With the increasing temperature, the growth of crystallites was measured and computed. In multiple samples a different behavior in these properties was observed. Further analysis studied different temperatures of the end of decomposition of CaCO3 and the beginning of formation of CaO in soft-porous and hard-recrystallized limestones.
Conductive Metakaolin Geopolymer with Steel Microfibres​
Authors: Mizerová Cecílie , Kusák Ivo , Rovnaník Pavel , Bayer Patrik
Published: July 2021

Research of alkali-activated materials and geopolymers suggests their increased ability to transfer the electric charge thus indicating their suitability for self-sensing and other multifunctional composites. In this paper, the electrical properties of metakaolin geopolymer are enhanced by the incorporated steel microfibres that also improve the mechanical and fractural properties of the composite. Selected electrical properties of metakaolin geopolymer mortars with steel microfibres (up to 30 % of metakaolin wt.) were assessed via impedance spectroscopy analysis and followed by testing their compressive and flexural strength. Mercury intrusion porosimetry and SEM imaging enabled to characterize the binder microstructure and quality of fibre-matrix bonding.
Non-Destructive Methods of Measuring Modulus of Elasticity of Building Materials and Reproducibility and Interpretation of their Results
Authors: Bujdoš David
Published: July 2021

This paper deals with the comparison of non-destructive methods of measuring modulus of elasticity by ultrasonic pulse velocity method and impact resonance method. Main research is focused on scattering of measured data, where by different volunteers were used the methods mentioned above on same test sample. This paper does not deal with the conversion relationships between individual methods, but it outlines the suitability of the chosen method in participation with the nature of samples, the difficulty of measurement and the expected reproducibility and interpretability of the measured data.
An Emergence of Dental Tissues in the Forensic Medicine for the Postmortem Interval Estimation
Authors: Ugrappa Sridevi , Jain Ajay
Published: July 2021

It is observed that there is not enough literature to support the usefulness of dental tissue in forensic medicine for the estimation of postmortem interval (PMI). Therefore, the authors of this article have systematically reviewed the available literature to understand the most used dental tissues, the methods employed to evaluate these tissues, and their reliability in PMI estimation. A MEDLINE–PubMed search engine was used to review the literature using the keywords “teeth,” “dental tissues,” “post-mortem interval,” and “forensic dentistry” from 2001 until 2020. The most used tissue was dental pulp, but other cellular- and molecular-level dental tissues such as enamel, dentin, cementum, periodontal ligament, odontoblast, and mitochondrial and nuclear DNA and RNA were also used. Based on this observation, the authors have provided the categorical classification to evaluate these dental tissues into morphological, histopathological, and molecular-level examination to understand the reliability of these dental tissues. The molecular examinations to evaluate these tissues were widely employed and emerging in the estimation of PMI as this method could provide a reliable outcome when compared with others. Since the literature reviewed was not enough to answer our questions, however, to conclude, the dental pulp is the widely used tissue so far. Further, more studies are required to authenticate the role of other dental tissues to predict the PMI at an early stage with cost-effective and most convenient techniques.
Analysis of Finger and Toe Prints and their Corresponding Correlations in the Anioma People of Nigeria
Authors: Ominde Beryl Shitandi , Jaiyeoba-Ojigho Efe Jennifer , Igbigbi Patrick Sunday
Published: July 2021

Background:

A comparison of the finger and toe ridge patterns can reveal their genetic interdependence. This cross-sectional study aimed at analyzing and correlating the corresponding finger and toe ridge counts.

Materials and Methods:

The hands and feet of 100 subjects (50 males and 50 females) from the Anioma tribe of Nigeria were scanned with Hewlett placard G4010 photo scanner following ethical approval. Evaluation of the finger and toe prints was carried out using AutoCAD version 2010. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package of the Social Sciences version 23 and presented using descriptive statistics. Chi-square test was used to test for association between nonparametric variables while Pearson's correlation was used to assess for the relationship between corresponding finger and toe ridge counts. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:

The predominant finger and toe ridge patterns were loops (73%, 79.7%) followed by arches (18.4%, 15.1%) and finally whorls (8.6%, 5.2%). There was a significant association between gender and the combined print patterns of all the five digits on a limb (P ≤ 0.05). A significant positive correlation existed between the mean ridge counts of some of the corresponding fingers and toes in females. This correlation was weak in the corresponding 1st right and 1st and 3rd left digits (0 < r < 0.5) (P ≤ 0.05) and strong in the corresponding 3rd to 5th right digits and 2nd, 4th, and 5th left digits (0.5 ≤ r < 1) (P ≤ 0.05).

Conclusion:

The study has clearly shown that sexual dimorphism is displayed only by a combination of the print patterns in all digits of a limb as against individual digits. Using correlation of digital mean ridge counts, the right 3rd to 5th and the left 2nd, 4th, and 5th digits from either the hand or the foot in females can be used to predict the corresponding digit among the Anioma people of Nigeria, hence their importance in forensic sciences.
Serum Tumor Markers
Authors: Singh Amandeep , Bhatia Kapil , Misra Pratibha , Ambade Vivek N. , Mukherjee Bhasker , Negi Rakhi
Published: July 2021

Background:

Cancer is among the leading noncommunicable diseases and its screening, diagnosis, management, monitoring, and relapse involve the use of tumor markers. Tumor marker requisition adds to a major financial burden if not used rationally.

Aim and Objectives:

The aim was to study the rational use of tumor markers in various cancers with objectives to do requisition analysis of tumor markers with the existing national guidelines by the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) and to assess its financial impact.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 355 cases were screened and 221 were included in the study. The patient's laboratory requisition form raised by the ordering physician as a part of the screening, diagnosis, management, monitoring, and relapse for different conditions including cancers were studied retrospectively over a period of 5 months, and data were analyzed.

Results:

Two hundred and twenty-one requisitions for various tumor markers were ordered for screening, diagnosis, management, monitoring, and relapse of various cancers and other conditions. Only 10%–30% of requisitions were found as per the laid down guidelines of the ICMR for different cancers. Carcinoembryonic antigen was ordered in only 20% requisitions as per the ICMR guidelines but has affected maximally in terms of test cost by adding up 88% to the budget of the test.

Conclusion:

Rational use of tumor markers in different cancers can cut down the cost factor directly. It prevents the physician in overdiagnosing due to multiple requisitions in diagnosed cancers and hence avoiding undue medical procedures thus further reducing the financial burden on the patients and their family.
Prevalence of Risk Factors for Noncommunicable Diseases among Adult Population in an Urban Slum of Pune, India
Authors: Ghildiyal Anshuman , Joshi Rajneesh Kumar , Dutt Sanjay Kumar , Mopagar Vishwavijet , Naik Ananta Kumar
Published: July 2021

Introduction:

India is experiencing health transition with a rising burden of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). There is a need to study risk factors of NCDs among poor and underprivileged section of the society.

Methodology:

A cross-sectional study was done among adults in an urban slum in Pune using the World Health Organization's STEP wise approach to surveillance (STEPS). Two hundred individuals selected by simple random sampling participated in this study. Information regarding dietary habits, physical activity, and tobacco and alcohol consumption was obtained. Physical measurements of height, weight, waist and hip circumference, and blood pressure were also done. Nominal and numerical variables in different groups were compared by Fisher's exact test and Student's t-test, respectively. Logistic regression was used to determine the association of various factors with high blood pressure.

Results:

Tobacco and alcohol consumption was observed in 22.5% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 16.9%–28.9%) and 11.5% (95% CI: 7.4%–16.8%) of individuals, which was significantly higher among males. 40.0% (95% CI: 33.2%–47.1%) of participants were doing less than recommended physical activity. 47% (95% CI: 40.0%–54.2%) of individuals were overweight or obese. The prevalence of high blood pressure was found to be 43.9% (95% CI: 36.6%–51.3%). Significant positive correlation was observed among different anthropometric variables. Multivariable logistic regression showed that there was significant positive association of high blood pressure with age (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.05 [95% CI: 1.02–1.08]) and waist hip ratio (aOR = 1.45 [95% CI: 1.01–2.09]).

Conclusions:

There is a high prevalence of risk factors for NCDs among residents of urban slum. Behavior change communication is required for adoption of healthy lifestyle and prevents NCDs in urban slums.
Sharp Foreign Bodies in Laryngotracheobronchial Airway of Children
Authors: Swain Santosh Kumar , Shajahan Nibi
Published: July 2021

Background:

Sharp foreign bodies (FBs) are rarely found in the laryngotracheobronchial (LTB) tree which may cause threatening to the life.

Objective:

The aim of this study is to evaluate or study the clinical details of the inhaled sharp FBs and its management in children.

Methods:

This is a retrospective descriptive study done in between April 2015 and May 2020. There were 22 children with inhaled sharp FB in the airway enrolled in this study. The diagnosis was done from proper history taking, clinical examination, and the X-ray of the neck, chest, and abdomen of the children. All of them underwent rigid bronchoscopy with grasping forceps for the removal of these sharp FBs.

Results:

Out of the 22 children, 13 were boys (59.09%) and 9 were girls (40.90%). Out of 22 cases, 4 FBs were found in the proximal part of the airway and 18 were seen in distal airways. The most common clinical presentation was chocking sensation with cough.

Conclusion:

Early diagnosis and prompt rigid bronchoscopy are required for preventing inhalation of the sharp FB in the LTB. Proper education to the caregivers or parents is very helpful to prevent this critical clinical entity.
Supportive Systems Needed for the Functioning of People with Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Sarku Emmanuel , Adjaottor Emma Sethina , Addo Frimpong-Manso , Ahorsu Daniel Kwasi
Published: July 2021

Introduction:

People with traumatic brain injury (TBI) have been found to have significant cognitive challenges which negatively impact their psychosocial life. This calls for efficient supportive systems and coping mechanisms to enable them to function in the society. This study, therefore, examined the (1) supportive systems that affect people with TBI and (2) essential coping mechanisms for psychosocial activities among people with TBI.

Methods:

A total of forty participants with a mean age of 35.30 (standard deviation = 11.90) years, mostly males (70%) and married (55%) were recruited for this cross-sectional study. They completed measures on TBI severity, coping strategies, social support, religious coping activities, and psychosocial activities.

Results:

There were significant interrelationships between coping strategies, social support, religious coping activities, psychosocial activities, and severity of TBI. Coping strategies, religious coping, and psychosocial activities were the supportive systems that affect people with TBI. Coping strategies was the only factor that affects the psychosocial activities of people with TBI.

Conclusion:

Based on these findings, different supportive systems may be needed for different functional abilities of people with TBI. Hence, clinicians may have to individualize assessment in order to offer bespoke support systems needed for improvement.
Cholestatic liver disease
Authors: Mawardi Mohammad , Alalwan Abduljaleel , Fallatah Hind , Abaalkhail Faisal , Hasosah Mohammed , Shagrani Mohammad , Alghamdi Mohammed Y , Alghamdi Abdullah S
Published: July 2021

Cholestatic liver diseases (CLDs) are a group of diseases characterized by jaundice and cholestasis as the main presentation with different complications, which have considerable impact on the liver and can lead to end-stage liver disease, cirrhosis, and liver-related complications. In the last few years, tremendous progress has been made in understanding the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of patients with these conditions. However, several aspects related to the management of CLDs remain deficient and unclear. Due to the lack of recommendations that can help in the management, treatment of those conditions, the Saudi Association for the Study of Liver diseases and Transplantation (SASLT) has created a task force group to develop guidelines related to CLDs management in order to provide a standard of care for patients in need. These guidelines provide general guidance for health care professionals to optimize medical care for patients with CLDs for both adult and pediatric populations, in association with clinical judgments to be considered on a case-by-case basis. These guidelines describe common CLDs in Saudi Arabia, with recommendations on the best approach for diagnosis and management of different diseases based on the Grading of Recommendation Assessment (GRADE), combined with a level of evidence available in the literature.
Análise epidemiológica das internações hospitalares por doença isquêmica do coração no Piauí entre 2017 e 2020
Authors: Freire Milena Viana , Carvalho Mariana de Sousa Meneses , De Oliveira Aureliano Machado
Published: July 2021

RESUMO

As doenças isquêmicas do coração (DIC) estão entre as principais causas de internações hospitalares no Piauí. Os índices são mais expressivos quanto maior a exposição aos fatores de risco cardiovasculares, o que ressalta a importância da adoção de hábitos mais saudáveis.

 

 

ABSTRACT

Ischemic heart diseases (IHD) are among the main causes of hospital admissions in Piauí. The higher the exposure to cardiovascular risk factors, the more expressive the indices are, which highlights the importance of adopting healthier habits.
Survey on Identify the Agricultural Diseases Using Image Processing and Soft Computing Techniques
Authors: ja Athira , Geetha Prof.K. , Arulraj S. , Megala N. , na Prasa
Published: July 2021

The agricultural land mass is more than just being a feeding sourcing in today’s world. Agriculture productivity defines the economy of India in a great manner. So, in plants, disease detection plays a vital role in agriculture field. Automatic disease detection approaches are used for detecting plant diseases during the initial stages. To identify the agricultural diseases using digital image based on various features like color, textures and shape. Research firm currently doing a research to detect and diagnosis agricultural diseases based on digital image. This survey provides a better understanding of the soft computing techniques and image processing used for researcher and farmers to identify the agricultural diseases. This survey highlights several diseases of agricultural plants like rice, apple, cucumber, graphs, banana, cherry, wheat and sugarcane. And also this analysis work provides the comparison analysis of different research techniques in terms of their merits and demerits along with numerical analysis.
Physicochemical and Characterization of Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria from Soil Samples Within the Vicinity of Telecommunication Mast (Site No: 000148) Located at Karfi Town Kura Local Government, Kano State
Authors: Lawal, I.  , Yusuf, I
Published: July 2021

The telecommunication mast associated-radiation is one of the primary factors influencing the way in which microorganisms interact with ecosystem. This study aims to assess the physicochemical and non-symbiotic nitrogen fixing bacteria (NNFB) from soil samples within the vicinity of telecommunication mast located at Karfi town Kura local government Kano state. Soil samples A, B, and C were collected within the vicinity of the mast at an interval of 10 meters, 20 meters and 30 meters from the mast respectively and control sample (D) was collected from location *(outside the vicinity of the mast)*. Physicochemical parameters of the soil samples were analyzed, isolation and identification of non-symbiotic nitrogen fixing bacteria were carried out using standard procedures. Samples B showed higher values of pH (8.02), phosphorus (23.95mg/kg), organic carbon (1.45%), nitrogen (0.28%) and organic matter content (2.50%) while control sample (D) showed lower values with 6.24, 2.77mg/kg, 0.41%, 0.07% and 0.71% of pH, phosphorus, organic carbon, nitrogen and organic matter content respectively. However, the moisture content(0.21%) of control sample is higher than that of sample A and B with 0.12% and 0.11% respectively The mean count of NNFB of the soil samples were 3.20 ± 0.06, 1.80± 0.12, 1.40±0.23, 1.20±0.20 for sample B, C, A and D respectively. Total of 14 isolates of the species Azomonas agilis 1(7.14%), Azotomonas insolita 1(7.14%), Bacillus megaterium 2(14.28 %), Bacillus azotoformans 1(7.14%), Bacillus mycoides 3(21.42%), Enterobacter cloacae 3(21.42%), and Klebsiella pneumonia 3(21.42%) were obtained. This indicates that the electromagnetic radiation from the mast has no effect on soil physicochemical parameters as well as non symbiotic nitrogen fixing bacteria proliferation.
Thyroid health in big city realities
Authors: Kamynina Liudmila L.
Published: July 2021

Thyroid gland (ThG) diseases lead at structure of the endocrine diseases. At the same time ThG-diseases frequency are age-associated and depend from influence of combination of negative external risk factors (Iodine deficiency, Selenium deficiency, technogenic stress rising, environmental pollution, high level of urbanization). Iodine prophylaxis is necessary at the all age groups and requires for pregnant woman. The legislative Iodine prophylaxis predetermines primarily the reduction of the frequency of occurrence of such ThG-diseases as diffuse euthyroid goiter and nodule goiter. The appearance and progression of diffuse euthyroid goiter are more typical for rural. The adequate (without overdosing) correction of Iodine deficiency is necessary in order to avoid the hypothyroidism, what is especially important for coastal urban and rural. It is noted the rising of the frequency of occurrence of autoimmune ThG-diseases and ThG antibodies carrying, including autoimmune polyendocrine syndromes. Selenium deficiency and Vitamin D deficiency must be adjusted along with Iodine deficiency. The natural and the technogenic strumogenes negatively effluenced to ThG are considered. It was proposed to consider the frequency of occurrence of ThG-cancer as the marker of ecological pollution. It was observed the connection of depression and ThG-function. The rural inhabitation affected to the severity of depression that is more actually for postmenopausal women. At the same time the correct formation of the urban landscape (in reorganization context) promotes the maintainance of ThG’s metabolic health.
Teens in megacity: growing up online
Authors: Khlomov Kirill D. , Bochaver Alexandra A. , Kulygina Maya A.
Published: July 2021

Bulletin about results of Applied Research Conference dedicated to development of socio-psychological assistance to adolescents and their social environment in modern megacities. It targets practitioners and specialists involved in topical research in adolescence: psychologists, teachers, doctors, anthropologists, culturologists and sociologists.
Effectiveness of Visual Merchandising on Consumer Buying Behaviour: A Study of Reliance Digital, Puttur, DK
Authors: Pai Shwetha , Mayya Sureshramana
Published: July 2021

Purpose: In this networked world, the buyer's purchase decisions are influenced by the arrangement and presentation of items in the store. Nowadays, the furniture and furnishing types have become more viable in the retail industry. Many new businesses are entering into the organized format of retail in this category. Hence the retailers need to differentiate themselves from each other. As the products are similar, it is necessary to differentiate themselves by presenting them with visual merchandising.
Objective: The core objective of this work is to study the influence of visual merchandising on consumer purchase patterns based on store attributes. Another objective of this study is to know the dimensions which influence the purchase behavior or decision of the consumers,
Design/Methodology/Approach: For this analysis, we have considered many online sources, namely websites and blogs, which guide and review display merchandising. Percentages, charts, diagrams are being used to present the tabular data.
Findings/Result: It is found that variables like store appearance, lighting, music, window display, mannequins, and price tags have an impact on the purchase choice of consumers, as per the changing need of consumer the retailer should always try to maximize the quantity of new merchandising relating to the trend. The store must adopt a congenial store atmosphere to attract a maximum number of customers and retain them in their business for long.
Originality/Value: Through the help of primary and secondary data, the study revealed that male youngster customers are more frequently visiting the store. The study reveals that the seating arrangement inside the store is not sufficient. The majority of the customer is visiting Reliance Digital to buy some specific product. Spot purchase activities are happening very rarely.
Paper Type: Visual Merchandising on Consumer buying behaviour at Reliance Digital is a case study analysis work.
Three species of butterflies new for the North Aegean Island of Lemnos (Greece)
Authors: Langourov Mario , Simov Nikolay , Abadjiev Stanislav
Published: July 2021

The paper presents results of a brief entomological surveys carried out in the southern parts of Lemnos Island in 2016, 2017 and 2019. It includes a list of 14 recorded species of butterflies, three of which are new for the island.
ПЕДАГОГИЧЕСКИЕ ФАКТОРЫ СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЯ УЧЕБНО-ВОСПИТАТЕЛЬНОГО ПРОЦЕССА ПО ФОРМИРОВАНИЮ СОЦИАЛЬНОЙ И ГРАЖДАНСКОЙ АКТИВНОСТИ ШКОЛЬНИКОВ
Authors: Гульнар Шингизовна Джумагулова  , Джамиля  Балгыбековна  Мунашова  , Жидекуль Бегалиевна Садирмекова  , Толеген Мамбеталиевич Мамбеталиев
Published: July 2021

"В процессе воспитания происходит становление, обогащение и совершенствование субъективно-личностного и духовного мира человека, которое складывается из целенаправленных влияний на поведение и деятельность человека воспитательных институтов общества, воздействия среды как необходимого условия становления и развития личности и активности самой личности как субъекта этого процесса. Воспитательные воздействия необходимо организовать в упорядоченную систему, т. е. определить и взаимно согласовать цели, задачи и основные направления системы формирования гражданской активности, включая средства массовой информации, литературу и искусство; обеспечить системность, непрерывность и преемственность формирования гражданской активности школьников-подростков; обеспечить единство содержания и формы, средств и методов этого процесса. Основными направлениями в деятельности классного руководителя по развитию активной социальной и гражданской позиции являются: индивидуальная работа с учащимися и родителями классного сообщества; организация эффективной коллективной деятельности; организация воспитывающей среды и оказание педагогической поддержки; взаимодействие со всеми субъектами воспитательной системы класса и школы. Своеобразие классной воспитательной системы во многом обусловлено индивидуальными особенностями, возрастом учащихся, влияющими на создание индивидуальной воспитательной системы класса. "
ПСИХОСОЦИАЛЬНЫЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ ДЕТЕЙ С ОГРАНИЧЕННЫМИ ВОЗМОЖНОСТЯМИ РАЗВИТИЯ
Authors: Ирина Юрьевна Мордвинцева  , Гаухар Ералиевна  Санай  , Люция Игалановна  Бекембетова
Published: July 2021

"В данной статье авторы указывают, что инклюзивный процесс внедряется в образовательное пространство Казахстана и имеет свои достижения и проблемы. Они подчеркивают значимость психосоциализации детей с особыми образовательными потребностями в современное общество. Основной причиной по не успешной интеграции инклюзивных детей в систему традиционного образования является их изолированность от внешнего мира и отсутствие доступа к культурным ценностям. Что, по мнению авторов, затормаживает процесс успешной социализации детей с ограниченными возможностями в развитии. Проведенный литературный анализ по вопросам эффективной адаптации детей с ОВР указывает на имеющийся опыт по организации инклюзивного обучения и воспитания в мировой практике. Выделяется значимость взаимодействия основных субъектов педагогического процесса, таких как родители, педагоги и дети. В статье так же отмечается, что многие инновационные формы необходимо применять и в системе казахстанской системы образования. Особый интерес имеет и методы обучения и воспитания детей с ограниченными возможностями в условиях дистанционного образования. При этом подчеркивается, что основу развития инклюзивного обучения будет составлять успешная психосоциализация ребенка. "
BRAF V600E and Mismatch Repair Proteins Expression in Sporadic Young-onset Colorectal Cancer in Kelantan, Malaysia
Authors: Saizul Zubaidah , Siti-Azrin Ab Hamid , Zakaria Andee Dzulkarnaen , Hassan Aniza , Abdul Rahman Wan Faiziah Wan , Jalil Nur Asyilla Che
Published: July 2021

Objectives: We sought to determine the immunohistochemistry expression of mismatch repair (MMR) and BRAF V600E proteins in sporadic young-onset colorectal cancer (CRC) and their association with clinicopathological features in the Kelantan population. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of sporadic young-onset CRC over 11 years from 1 January 2006 to 31 December 2017 in Kelantan. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue blocks were immunohistochemically stained with antibodies for MMR (MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, and PMS2) and BRAF V600E. These expressions were correlated with clinicopathological parameters. Results: Our patient sample included 31 patients with a mean age of 31.5 years. More than half (61.3%) of the patients were women. The majority presented with abdominal pain (41.9%), and 71.0% had a tumor located on the right side of the colon, with 83.9% being moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma. The majority of patients presented at stage IV (54.8%). The most frequent pattern was all MMR protein expressions, which constituted patients in the microsatellite stable group (64.5%). Nine (29.0%) were microsatellite instability (MSIhigh), and two (6.5%) were MSI-low. Positive BRAF V600E expression was observed in 83.9% of patients. Only histopathological subtypes revealed a significant association with BRAF V600E positive expression (p = 0.015). Conclusions: The majority of sporadic young-onset CRC presented with abdominal pain and advanced cancer stage. Most weremicrosatellite stable, and most cases showed positive expressions in all MMR markers and BRAF V600E by immunohistochemistry method. This finding will pave the way forfurther research on this disease.
The light switch fallacy: Emergency management and recovery in an on-demand world
Authors: Schaffer, MHRM Daryl
Published: July 2021

Disasters typically do not abide by logical or standard rules and can be of any size or variety. But what is a disaster? How does time factor into dealing with the disaster? When will help arrive? How long will it take to recover? Why can everything not be fixed immediately? Television shows since the 1970s were instrumental in elevating public awareness of emergency service capabilities but also created a false expectation of expediency and un-implied over-exaggeration in capabilities. The speed of information from 21st century technology has created an immediacy of results expectation. People now expect the lights to come on when the switch is turned on and get impatient when that does not happen. This light switch fallacy is the expectation of what should occur in the rescue and recovery after a disaster. But the light switch cannot just be turned on, everything is solved, and life goes back to normal.
Assessment of post-operative opioid prescribing practices in a community hospital ambulatory surgical center
Authors: Bromberg, MD, FACS Warren D. , Emanuel, MSN, RN, FNP-BC Tracey , Zeller, MA, RN Valerie , Galloway, BSN, RN, CAPA Elizabeth , Mogan, DNP, ANP-BC, ACHPN, AP-PMN Susan , Diamond, BS Justin , Statler, RN III-C, BC Debra , Wright, PhD, RN, APRN-BC Fay
Published: July 2021

Objective: To evaluate the prescribing practices and opioid consumption in an ambulatory setting to inform the development of evidence-based guidelines.Design: A prospective study of adults undergoing outpatient open and laparoscopic surgeries over 3 months. One week after discharge, a telephonic interview quantified the number of opioids prescribed and consumed, degree of pain control and satisfaction, and whether additional pain medication was requested. Setting: Community hospital ambulatory surgery center in Westchester County, New York.Participants: This study included 304 adults undergoing a variety of procedures by surgeons from multiple specialties.Main outcome measures: Quantify surgeons’ postoperative opioid prescribing compared with patient opioid consumption.Results: Eighty-one percent (N = 245) responded to the survey, of which 64 percent were prescribed opioids. Males and females were equally represented with the mean age of 59.4 years. Of those prescribed opioids, 92 percent filled the prescription. The most commonly prescribed opioids reported by the patients that filled their prescription (N = 145) were oxycodone (36.5 percent), oxycodone/acetaminophen (28.9 percent), and tramadol (22.7 percent). The mean number of opioid pills prescribed was 20 and the mean consumption was 6.7 pills, resulting in an average of 13 retained pills. Only 3.8 percent of the patients prescribed opioids at discharge called their provider for additional analgesia. Despite the low opioid consumption patients reported high satisfaction (4.5 on scale of 0-5) with pain control. Only 10.4 percent reported that the surgeon recommended an over the counter (OTC) analgesic option. There was variability in the amount of opioids prescribed within each surgical category.Conclusions: One week after outpatient surgery, patients consumed one-third of physician-prescribed opioids, yet they reported high pain management satisfaction. Our study will inform the development of a patient-centered interdisciplinary perioperative education program to more effectively tailor multimodal pain management in ambulatory surgical patients and collaterally reduce the number of retained opioids.
PERFIL DAS VÍTIMAS DE HOMICÍDIO POR ARMA DE FOGO NO BRASIL DE 2015 A 2019
Authors: Santiago Marizângela Lissandra de Oliveira , Nunes Renata Adele De Lima , Macena Raimunda Hermelinda Maia
Published: July 2021

Introdução: Os homicídios por arma de fogo são bastante prevalentes no Brasil, apesar da existência de uma política nacional de controle de armas de fogo e munição no país desde 2003. Conhecer o perfil das vítimas é de suma importância para orientar a adoção de estratégias mais efetivas voltadas para a redução e controle desse tipo de violência. Objetivo: Traçar o perfil das vítimas de homicídio por arma de fogo no Brasil, no período de 2015 a 2019. Material e métodos: Consiste em estudo ecológico, do tipo exploratório-descritivo, de todos os casos de mortalidade decorrente de agressão por disparo de arma de fogo no Brasil (CID X93-X95), obtido por meio de dados secundários constantes no Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade do Ministério da Saúde – DATASUS/TABNET, notificados no período de 1º de janeiro de 2015 a 31 de dezembro de 2019 e coletados por local de residência. Resultados: Foram registrados 205.806 óbitos por disparo de arma de fogo, correspondendo a 72,5% de todos os óbitos por agressão do período. Dentre as vítimas, prenominou o sexo masculino (94,4%), faixa etária de 20 a 29 anos (40,4%) e solteiros (74,8%). Houve maior prevalência de pessoas pardas e pretas (75,5%) e de baixa escolaridade, visto que 56,4% possuíam de nenhum a sete anos de estudo. Conclusão: A população mais vulnerável aos óbitos decorrentes de agressão por disparo de arma de fogo são homens adultos jovens, solteiros, de pele morena a negra e de baixa escolaridade, sendo salutar a adoção de estratégias voltadas para controle dos homicídios nessa população. O tráfico de drogas e de armas de fogo, viabilizando a posse ilegal destas, pode estar relacionado à obtenção desse perfil de vítima. No entanto, são necessários mais estudos a respeito do tema no sentido de clarificar essa questão e identificar outros fatores relacionados a esse fenômeno.
O EFEITO PLACEBO E SUAS IMPLICAÇÕES NOS TRATAMENTOS MEDICAMENTOSOS
Authors: Júnior Edivan Lourenço da Silva , Gonzalez Luisa Fernanda Camacho
Published: July 2021

Introdução: O efeito placebo constitui uma resposta psicobiológica relacionada a processos neurofisiológicos, cujo mecanismo de ação ainda é desconhecido. Esta reação pode ser desencadeada por múltiplos fatores, atribuídos pelos pacientes em relação aos tratamentos medicamentosos, com efeitos tanto benéficos como prejudiciais à saúde (efeito nocebo). Objetivo: Analisar a interação entre os fatores que ensejam o surgimento do efeito placebo e suas consequências nos tratamentos medicamentosos. Metodologia: Foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica através de consultas nas bases de dados Scielo, PubMed, Lilacs e Google Acadêmico, tendo como critério de inclusão publicações dos últimos cinco anos. Resultados: Alguns estudos pontuam que o efeito placebo possui diversos efeitos no organismo humano, tendo sido evidenciado em diversas condições clínicas como: dor, depressão e doença de Parkinson. Tal fenômeno está relacionado com as expectativas dos pacientes em relação aos fármacos a eles administrados, tendo como consequências: respostas hormonais, efeitos analgésicos, aumento nos níveis de glicose e elevações no fluxo sanguíneo cerebral, com implicações na saúde física e mental. Ademais, outros estudos constataram que comandos internos e sugestões da mente decorrentes do estado emocional, humor, cognição e personalidade podem desencadear no organismo as respostas placebo e nocebo. Conclusões: Desta forma é importante, durante o tratamento medicamentoso, o acompanhamento dos valores, crenças, mitos e cultura dos pacientes que podem influenciar no surgimento de tais efeitos. Devido às suas diversas variáveis, que incluem fatores cognitivos, emocionais, sociais e fisiológicos, não existe um consenso metodológico que possibilite a elaboração de conclusões confiáveis e sólidas em relação aos fatores do efeito placebo. Contudo, devido aos efeitos consideráveis nos pacientes, tanto positivos como negativos, e sua grande aplicabilidade prática, são necessários estudos mais aprofundados em torno da neurobiologia de suas interações.