bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Incisor display during speech and smile: Age and gender correlations
Authors: Drummond Stephanie , Capelli Jonas
Published: November 2015

Objectives: 

To evaluate age- and gender-related changes in the soft tissues, incisors, and gingival display during rest, speech, and posed smile.

Materials and Methods: 

A total of 265 participants (122 men, 143 women) ranging in age from 19 years to 60 years were recruited for this study. Participants were divided into one of the following four age groups: 19 to 24 years, 25 to 34 years, 35 to 44 years, and 45 to 60 years. Image capture was performed using standardized videographic methods. Each video produced pictures where measurements were performed: rest, speech, and smile positions.

Results: 

A statistically significant gender dimorphism was apparent in most of the variables. There was a significant increase in the upper lip length and lip commissures height with aging and more markedly in men. A greater exposure of mandibular incisor with increasing age was a feature in both genders. With increasing age there was a significant decrease in maxillary incisor display, especially for men.

Conclusions: 

After 25 years of age there is significant difference in the aging process between men and women. Gingival and maxillary incisor display during speech and smile is a youthful and feminine characteristic.
Transmission patterns of human enterovirus 71 to, from and among European countries, 2003 to 2013
Authors: Hassel Chervin , Mirand Audrey , Lukashev Alexander , TerletskaiaLadwig Elena , Farkas Agnes , Schuffenecker Isabelle , Diedrich Sabine , Huemer Hartwig P , Archimbaud Christine , Peigue-Lafeuille Hélène , Henquell Cécile , Bailly Jean-Luc
Published: November 2015

Enterovirus 71 (EV-71) is involved in epidemics of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) and has been reported to occur with severe neurological complications in eastern and south-east Asia. In other geographical areas, the transmission of this virus is poorly understood. We used large sequence datasets (of the gene encoding the viral protein 1, VP1) and a Bayesian phylogenetic approach to compare the molecular epidemiology and geographical spread patterns of EV-71 subgenogroups B4, B5, C1, C2, and C4 in Europe relative to other parts of the world. For the study, European countries considered were European Union (EU) Member States and Iceland, Norway and Switzerland. Viruses of the B4, B5, and C4 subgenogroups circulate mainly in eastern and south-east Asia. In Europe sporadic introductions of these subgenogroups are observed, however C1 and C2 viruses predominate. The phylogenies showed evidence of multiple events of spread involving C1 and C2 viruses within Europe since the mid-1990s. Two waves of sporadic C2 infections also occurred in 2010 and 2013. The 2007 Dutch outbreak caused by C2 and the occurrence of B5 and C4 infections in the EU between 2004 and 2013 arose while the circulation of C1 viruses was low. A transmission chain involving a C4 virus was traced from Japan to the EU and then further to Canada between 2001 and 2006. Recent events whereby spread of viruses have occurred from, to, and within Europe appear to be involved in the long term survival of EV-71, highlighting the need for enhanced surveillance of this virus.
Effectiveness of seasonal influenza vaccine in preventing laboratory-confirmed influenza in primary care in the United Kingdom: 2014/15 end of season results
Authors: Pebody Richard , Warburton Fiona , Andrews Nick , Ellis Joanna , von Wissmann Beatrix , Robertson Chris , Yonova Ivelina , Cottrell Simon , Gallagher Naomh , Green Helen , Thompson Catherine , Galiano Monica , Marques Diogo , Gunson Rory , Reynolds Arlene , Moore Catherine , Mullett David , Pathirannehelage Sameera , Donati Matthew , Johnston Jillian , de Lusignan Simon , McMenamin Jim , Zambon Maria
Published: November 2015

The 2014/15 influenza season in the United Kingdom (UK) was characterised by circulation of predominantly antigenically and genetically drifted influenza A(H3N2) and B viruses. A universal paediatric influenza vaccination programme using a quadrivalent live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) has recently been introduced in the UK. This study aims to measure the end-of-season influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE), including for LAIV, using the test negative case–control design. The overall adjusted VE against all influenza was 34.3% (95% confidence interval (CI) 17.8 to 47.5); for A(H3N2) 29.3% (95% CI: 8.6 to 45.3) and for B 46.3% (95% CI: 13.9 to 66.5). For those aged under 18 years, influenza A(H3N2) LAIV VE was 35% (95% CI: −29.9 to 67.5), whereas for influenza B the LAIV VE was 100% (95% CI:17.0 to 100.0). Although the VE against influenza A(H3N2) infection was low, there was still evidence of significant protection, together with moderate, significant protection against drifted circulating influenza B viruses. LAIV provided non-significant positive protection against influenza A, with significant protection against B. Further work to assess the population impact of the vaccine programme across the UK is underway.
Ongoing increasing temporal and geographical trends of the incidence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae infections in France, 2009 to 2013
Authors: Arnaud Isabelle , Maugat Sylvie , Jarlier Vincent , Astagneau Pascal ,   for the National Early Warning,   Investigation and Surveillance of Healthcare-Associated Infections Network (RAISIN)/multidrug resistance study group
Published: November 2015

Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-E) are a major focus of multidrug-resistant organisms (MRO) surveillance programmes in France. To describe the temporal and geographical trends of these pathogens, we conducted an epidemiological study based on data extracted from the nationwide MRO surveillance network from 2009 to 2013. During this time, the incidence of ESBL-E infections in French hospitals increased by 73%, from 0.35 to 0.60 per 1,000 patient days (PD) (p < 0.001) and ESBL-E bacteraemia by 77%, from 0.03 to 0.05 per 1,000 PD (p < 0.001). The incidence of ESBL-E infections was higher in intensive-care units (1.62 to 2.44 per 1,000 PD (p < 0.001)) than in recovery and long-term care facilities (0.20 to 0.31 per 1,000 PD (p < 0.001)). Escherichia coli was the most frequent extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing (ESBL) pathogen, representing 59% (26,238/44,425) of all ESBL isolates, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (20%; 8,856/44,425) in 2013. The most frequent infection was urinary tract infection, for all species. The incidence of ESBL-E varied by region but showed an upward trend overall. Reinforcement of control measures for halting the spread of such MRO is crucial.
Surveillance of endemic foci of tick-borne encephalitis in Finland 1995–2013: evidence of emergence of new foci
Authors: Tonteri Elina , Kurkela Satu , Timonen Suvi , Manni Tytti , Vuorinen Tytti , Kuusi Markku , Vapalahti Olli
Published: November 2015

The geographical risk areas for tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) in Finland remained the same until the beginning of the 21st century, but a considerable geographical expansion has been observed in the past 10 years. In order to support public health measures, the present study describes the number of laboratory-confirmed TBE cases and laboratory tests conducted and the associated trends by hospital district, with a particular emphasis on the suspected geographical risk areas. An additional investigation was conducted on 1,957 clinical serum samples throughout the country taken from patients with neurological symptoms to screen for undiagnosed TBE cases. This study identified new TBE foci in Finland, reflecting the spread of the disease into new areas. Even in the most endemic municipalities, transmission of TBE to humans occurred in very specific and often small foci. The number of antibody tests for TBE virus more than doubled (an increase by 105%) between 2007 and 2013. Analysis of the number of tests also revealed areas in which the awareness of clinicians may be suboptimal at present. However, it appears that underdiagnosis of neuroinvasive TBE is not common.
Human case of West Nile neuroinvasive disease in Portugal, summer 2015
Authors: Zé-Zé Líbia , Proença Paula , Osório Hugo C , Gomes Salomé , Luz Teresa , Parreira Paulo , Fevereiro Miguel , Alves Maria João
Published: November 2015

A case of West Nile virus (WNV) infection was reported in the Algarve region, Portugal, in the first week of September 2015. WNV is known to circulate in Portugal, with occasional reports in horses and birds (2004 to 2011) and very sporadically human cases (in 2004 and in 2010). Here we present the clinical and laboratory aspects related to the first human case of West Nile neuroinvasive disease reported in Portugal.
Phylogenetic and epidemiological analysis of measles outbreaks in Denmark, 2013 to 2014
Authors: Rasmussen Lasse Dam , Fonager Jannik , Knudsen Lisbet Krause , Andersen Peter Henrik Senten , Rønn Jesper , Poulsen Mille Weismann , Franck Kristina Træholt , Fischer Thea Kølsen
Published: November 2015

Despite the introduction of safe, effective vaccines decades ago and joint global public health efforts to eliminate measles, this vaccine-preventable disease continues to pose threats to children’s health worldwide. During 2013 and 2014, measles virus was introduced into Denmark through several independent importations. This resulted in a number of secondary cases (n = 7), with two clusters in 2013 and one in 2014. In total, there were 44 cases of measles. Most cases (n = 41) were laboratory confirmed by detection of measles virus genome by real-time reverse transcription (RT)-PCR and IgM antibodies. The viruses from confirmed cases were genotyped by sequencing. Only one genotype circulated each year, i.e. D8 and B3, respectively. Sequencing of measles virus from different clinical specimens from the same patients revealed that sequence variants of measles viruses might co-exist and co-transmit during an outbreak. The majority of the cases were unvaccinated (n = 27) or recipients of one dose of measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine (n = 7). In addition, two fully vaccinated adult cases were reported in 2014. We demonstrate the transmission of measles virus in a population in which the two-dose MMR vaccination coverage rate was 80% and how even vaccinated individuals may be at risk of contracting measles once transmission has been established.
Giraya and the Gothic Space: Nationalism and the Novel in Sri Lanka
Authors: Mohan Anupama
Published: November 2015

The essay turns to Punyekante Wijenaike's 1971 novella, Giraya, to study the ways in which the Gothic features as a framing device for the exploration of the gendered and ideological domain of home in twentieth-century Sri Lankan writing. The walauwe or feudal manor is transformed, in Wijenaike's novella, into a spectral space that challenges the prevailing nationalist discourses and literatures which fashioned the Sri Lankan nation as a rural utopia. Nostalgia and visions of national utopias give way to terror and dislocation as the fragmentary narrative of Giraya calls into question, from the very heart of the idealized nation – its home – the representational powers of the ordered social realist novel, Sri Lanka's most dominant literary genre in the post-Independence era.
Simplified Modeling of Convection and Radiation Heat Transfer during Infrared Heating of PET Sheets and Preforms
Authors: Luo Y. M. , Chevalier L. , Utheza F. , Nicolas X.
Published: November 2015

Initial heating conditions and temperature effects have an important influence during the injection stretch blow molding process of PET preforms. The paper provides a simplified modeling of the infrared (IR) flux provided by the IR lamps and the convection heat transfer with air, for the finite element simulation of the heating of PET samples. This modeling enables fast thermal simulations in industrial context.

First, a complete 2D simulation of the air convection around a PET sheet sample is conducted using ANSYS/FLUENT to compute the local convection heat transfer coefficient. The distribution of this coefficient along the PET wall is then interpolated by a best linear fit function of the wall position to provide the boundary condition of the convection heat transfer thereafter. This boundary condition, coupled with the calculation of the infrared flux absorbed by the PET sheet sample, allows a 3D calculation of the time evolution of the sample temperature. This calculation is validated by comparing the experimental temperature distribution of the PET sheet obtained from an IR camera with the numerical results of the simulation. Second, we focus on the modeling of the heating of a cylindrical PET preforms by IR lamps. In our approach, the IR heating flux is calculated using the spectral and surfaceto-surface radiation laws adapted to the sample geometry. The air convection effect around the preform is modeled using the heat transfer coefficient identified from the 2D plane sheet case. It is applied on the boundaries of a simpler model in Comsol where only the preform is meshed. The temperature distribution on the outer surface of the preform is compared to experimental measurements by thermal imaging. A good agreement is observed which validates the whole approach used.
Study on the effect of aquaculture-drugs and chemicals on health and production of prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) in Narail, Bangladesh
Authors: Hasan Md Tawhid , Ahmed Gias Uddin , Rahman Md Mamunur , Alam Mohammad Nurul
Published: November 2015

The present study was carried out to evaluate the effect of aquaculture-drugs and chemicals on health and production of prawn in Narail district. Data were collected through questionnaire interview, market survey and focus group discussion from June to December 2014. Six categories and 28 types of chemicals were found in the chemical shops as well as used by the farmers. Chemicals used in pond preparation, equipments disinfection, oxygen supplementation, growth promotion, antibiotics and disease treatment. Eco-solution, malachite green and melathion were used in the treatment of viral diseases having 85%, 70% and 65% recovery respectively. Potassium permanganate, oxytetracycline and renamycine had 86%, 80% and 75% recovery respectively against protozoan and bacterial diseases. Clinically prawn appeared normal greenish in control ponds, whereas, in chemical treated prawn appeared yellowish brown and grayish color. Histology of muscle of control prawn were almost normal except some vacuums, however, chemical treated prawn muscle had remarkable pathological changes like necrosis, vacuums and pyknotic cells. Prawn production was 85 kg/acre in control ponds, 150 kg/ acre in lime-urea treated ponds and 450 kg/ acre in chemical treated ponds.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. June 2015, 1(1): 89-94
Waste generation and management in Bangladesh: An overview
Authors: Abedin Md Anwarul , Jahiruddin M
Published: November 2015

This paper focuses on the status of solid waste generation, waste management system and waste management problems in Bangladesh. Solid waste generation is in increasing trend with the growth of urban population. The country is generating about 8000 tons of solid waste each day from the six major cities (Dhaka, Chittagong, Khulna, Rajshahi, Barisal and Sylhet), of which Dhaka city alone is contributing about 70%. Waste management system is not well organized. Efforts are underway to improve the system of waste collection, transportation, recycling, incineration and land filling. Lack of regulations/standard for waste disposal, landfill & use, lack of awareness, improper choice of technology and inadequate financial support are the major constraints for waste management in Bangladesh.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. June 2015, 1(1): 114-120
Transfection optimisation in HEK-293 cell line
Authors: Sah Jay Prakash , Salahuddin M , Sayed M Abu , Salauddin Abu Saim Al , Sayfullah Md , Rashid Mahjabin , Saclain Saidin , Washim Mizanur Rahman , Zeb Muhammad Aurang , Hossain Deluwer , Chowdhury Md Rayhan , Momin MA
Published: November 2015

Transfection is the most popular experiments among biological scientist to study the gene expression. But it is really tedious to find out the optimum conditions for protein expression for transfection while working with plasmid DNA. In our present study, the main objective was to setup suitable conditions to study the protein expression. From different conditions, protein expression was observed for 2?g of DNA. We tried different cell number and time frame and got 6.25×105cell/ well of 6 well and 24 hour incubation were the best condition for maximum expression of protein. In our experiment 1:3 ratio of DNA: Lipfectamine was the best for optimum expression of protein in mammalian cell line.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. June 2015, 1(1): 121-129
GENETIC DIVERSITY OF ASH GOURD (Benincasa hispida) GENOTYPES
Authors: Rabbani M. G. , Naher U. A. , Pramanik S. , Quais M. K.
Published: November 2015

An experiment was conducted to study the field performance, variability and genetic divergence for yield and yield contributing characters of 46 ash gourd genotypes at the Horticulture Farm, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. Wide range of variations were found among the ash gourd genotypes in respect of different parameters such as vine length at harvest, fruit length, fruit diameter, sex ratio, number of fruits plant-1, average weight fruit-1 and yield plant-1. The genotype BH21 showed the highest performance in number of fruits plant-1 and yield plant-1. In respect of average weight fruit-1, the genotype BH16 produced the heaviest (1.86 kg) fruit and the genotype BHl7 produced the lightest (0.67 kg) fruit. The genotype BH18 had the highest sex ratio (8.16) and the genotype BH14 had the lowest sex ratio (3.44). In case of number of fruits plant-1, the genotype BH46 and BH53 had the minimum number of fruits (1.33) and the genotype BH21 had the maximum number of fruits (16.16) per plant which was statistically similar with the genotype BH12 (15.00). The genotypes were also tested for genetic divergence utilizing the multivariate analysis. The genotypes were grouped into eight clusters. However, there was no relationship found between genetic divergence and geographic distribution of the genotypes.
Association of GRACE Risk Score with Angiographic Severity of Coronary Artery Disease in patients with ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Saha Tapash , Khalequzzaman Md , Akanda Md Abdul Kader , Saha Simu , Tushar Asif Zaman , Ahmed Rashid , Saha Gouranga Kumar , Ullah Mohammad
Published: November 2015

Background: Clinical guidelines recommend that optimal management of acute coronary syndrome should include patient risk stratification. Predicting the anatomical extension of coronary artery disease is also potentially useful for clinical decision. The objective of our study is to determine whether the GRACE risk score correlates with the angiographic extent and severity of coronary artery disease in patients with ST elevation myocardial infarction.Methodology: 50 patients diagnosed with Acute Myocardial Infarction were included as sample by purposive sampling method. GRACE risk score for each patient was calculated and the patients were divided into groups according to the GRACE risk score: low risk (<108); intermediate risk (109-140). The severity of the coronary artery disease was assessed by vessel score and Gensini score. Relation between Grace score and Gensini score was evaluated.Results: Mean GRACE score of study population was 128.3±22.7. Mean Gensini score was 23.88±17. Mean Gensini score were 15.47±10.4, 27.75±9.26 and 31.52±16.91 in low GRACE risk group, intermediate group and high risk group respectively and the difference of mean Gensini score was statistically significant (p=0.006). In our study correlation co-efficient between GRACE risk score and Gensini score was r=0.17 (p=0.04). Multiple regression analysis showed that age more than 50 years (p=0.02), ST segment deviation (p=0.01), smoking (p=0.02), hypertension (p=0.01) were able to independently predict patients with severe CAD.Conclusion: Our study demonstrates that the GRACE risk score carries a significant positive correlation with the coronary artery disease severity in patients with STEMI.Cardiovasc. j. 2015; 8(1): 30-34
In-Hospital Outcome of Older and Younger Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Kabir SM Eftar Jahan , Chowdhury Abdul Wadud , Amin Md Gaffar , Alam Mohammad Sarwar , Sabah Khandker Md Nurus , Abdullah Abu Sadique , Hossain Mofazzal , Zahid Abu , Faruk Chowdhury Omar , Khan Tunaggina Afrin
Published: November 2015

Background: Acute coronary syndrome is a cardiac emergency. It is increasingly common in younger peoples. Management of elderly peoples is difficult due to their associated comorbidity. This study tried to compare the in-hospital outcome of the younger and older patients with acute coronary syndrome.Methods: The study was a comparative cross sectional study. Clinical and biochemical evaluation was done in hospital settings. A total number of 120 patients were included in the study and divided into two groups according to distribution of age. In group I there were elderly groups of aged >60 yrs. and in group II there were patients within the age 40 to 60 yrs. All the data were collected systematically in a preformed data collection form.Results: Group I populations had more in hospital stay and more complications than group II.Conclusion: The study revealed significant association with age and outcome of Acute coronary syndrome patients. Complications of acute coronary syndrome increase as the age of the patients increases.Cardiovasc. j. 2015; 8(1): 49-52
Atrial Infarct: An Easily Missed Reality with Hidden Threat  A case report with Review of Literature
Authors: Saleh Mohammed Abaye Deen , Chowdhury Abdul Wadud , Hasan Pratyay , Kabir Syed Rezwan , Nahar Khyrun , Sabah KMN , Amin Mohammad Gaffar , Islam Kazi Nazrul
Published: November 2015

Atrial infarction is a very rare diagnosis. Though available literature suggests, the condition per se may have been not so rare. Over the past few decades, atrial infarction have been reported several times, even some case series have been reported, but there is no consensus on the diagnosis of this condition, and its true importance also has not been understood completely. Previous works have shown that this condition is associated with several serious complications; hence recognition of this condition in early period is important, which is at the same time not so easy due to subtlety of the known features and less availability of information. We report a case of 70 year old Muslim, Bengali, male suffering from acute coronary syndrome, in whom, right atrial infarction was recognized by electrographic features, which is very rarely diagnosed with confidence in ante-mortem patients. Since, in Bangladesh, post-mortem autopsy to find out causes behind cardiac death is not done routinely and in the light of possibility of serious life-threatening complications, ante-mortem diagnosis of atrial infarction is necessary. So, Cardiologists should be aware of this uncommon condition.Cardiovasc. j. 2015; 8(1): 65-68
Sudden Cardiac Death in Three Generations of the Same Family: A case report
Authors: Khan MM Zahurul Alam , Chowdhury Abdul Wadud , Khan Tunaggina Afrin , Amin Md Gaffar , Alam Md Nur , Sabah Khandaker Md Nurus , Saleh Mohammed Abaye Deen
Published: November 2015

Every one of us has heard about tragic and sudden death of a healthy young person and which is often stated as inexplicable. The current case report focuses on a 20 year old young man with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy facing premature death with history of similar sudden premature death of his grandmother, father and brother. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is the commonest cause of sudden cardiac death in young adults and is also an important substrate for heart failure disability at any age.Cardiovasc. j. 2015; 8(1): 73-77
Melioidosis in Bangladesh - A Disease Yet to be Explored!
Authors: Jilani Md Shariful Alam , Haq J Ashraful
Published: November 2015

DOI: 10.3329/imcj.v4i1.5925Ibrahim Med. Coll. J. 2010; 4(1): i-ii
Breast Cancer among Pakistani Women in Referral Hospitals: An Overview of Risk Factors
Authors: Saria Maria Shabbir , Mirza Masoom Raza , Habib Lubna , Zubair Muhammad
Published: November 2015

The aim of this study was to determine the significance of various reproductive risk factors amongstPakistani women suffering from breast carcinoma. This observational study was carried out fromMarch 2007 to February 2009 at three hospitals. The women who presented with breast swellingwith or without discharge from nipple were included in the study. The diagnosis of breast cancer wasconfirmed by histopathological examination. A questionnaire included history and various reproductiverisk factors. The study patients were divided into two groups by their menopausal history – premenopausaland post-menopausal as ‘group A’ and ‘group B’, respectively. A total of 70 patients hadthe diagnosis of breast cancer. Of them, 32 were in group A and 38 in group B. Regarding agedistribution, 49% were found in ≥51 years of age and 29% in the age group 30 – 40 years. The meanage at menarche was 13.3 years in group A and 12.4 years in group B. Nulliparity was seen in12.5% cases in group A and 5.26% in group B. History of first full term pregnancy (FFTP) belowthe age of 20 was present in majority of cases in both groups though higher in group B. Breast cancerin post-menopausal women was exclusively found among those who had early menarche (<=11years) and was more frequent among those who had FFTP below 20 years of age compared with thepre-menopausal group (88% vs. 66%). The study showed higher frequency of breast cancer in postmenopausalwomen having early menarche and also more frequent among those with early FFTP.Parity, breast feeding, oral contraceptive pill use were not related to breast cancer.Ibrahim Med. Coll. J. 2010; 4(1): 1-3Indexing Words: Breast carcinoma; risk factors; genetics.DOI: 10.3329/imcj.v4i1.5926
Religious and Spiritual Beliefs and Practices in Medicine: An Evaluation in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Malaysia
Authors: Yousuf RM , Fauzi ARM , Akter SFU , Azarisman SMS , Marzuki OA
Published: November 2015

In recent years there has been growing awareness regarding the role of religion and spirituality(R/S) in the practice of clinical medicine. Despite hundreds of articles in professional journals onthe subject, little is known about physician beliefs regarding the influence of religion on health.We aim to assess the beliefs and observations of physicians regarding the role of R/S and patient’shealth and whether they address such issues in their clinical practice. Concomitantly, we aim toassess the beliefs of our patients and whether they like to address such issues. Questionnaire wasbased on a cross sectional survey among hospitalized patients and their treating physicians. Nearlyall patients and physicians reported a high prevalence of religiosity. Patients also acknowledgedthat their R/S was respected by the staff, and that physicians inquired R/S about half of the time.R/S was described as beneficial as it enabled patients to cope better with their illness and gavethem a positive state of mind. Religion is important to many patients and physicians, but half of thephysicians ignore it in their clinical practice. Physicians need to be attentive to patients R/S issuesand address them in specific clinical situations.Ibrahim Med. Coll. J. 2010; 4(1): 4-8Key words: Religion; spirituality; medicine; health; beliefsDOI: 10.3329/imcj.v4i1.5927
Blood Pressure Levels among the Students of a Selected School
Authors: Mazumder Abdullah Al-Shafi , Flora Meerjady Sabrina , Sahidullah Md , Khanam Rokeya , Rashid Md Abdur , Iqbal Md Hasan
Published: November 2015

In Bangladesh, limited data are available on paediatric hypertension as well as their normal values.This study was done to assess the level of blood pressure in this population group. A total of 1118students from class I to X of a selected school were measured twice for systolic and diastolic BPwithin five minutes interval following a standard protocol. The phase V diastolic blood pressure wasrecorded. The average of two readings was taken. Age was obtained from the school records. Themean age was 10.53 (± 0.09) years and 46.9% of the recruited students were females. The mean(±SE) and median of systolic and diastolic blood pressure were 97.89 (±0.39) and 97.50 mm Hgand 57.58 (±0.39) and 60.00 mm Hg, respectively. Boys had a significantly higher systolic (99.34 ±0.56 mm Hg) and diastolic (62.59 ± 0.41 mm Hg) blood pressure than the girls (96.78 ± 0.50 mmHg systolic BP and 51.54 ± 0.55 mm Hg diastolic BP; P<0.001). Systolic blood pressure was foundto be positively correlated with age, height and weight and diastolic blood pressure was correlatedwith height and weight. Although this study gave us an insight into the paediatric BP situation in aparticular school, a community based study with representative sample is recommended to developa reference data on paediatric blood pressure for our country.Ibrahim Med. Coll. J. 2010; 4(1): 9-12DOI: 10.3329/imcj.v4i1.5928
Cutaneous Metastatic Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Khan Mazharul Huque , Islam Nurul , A-Alam Noor , Maitra Tapash Kumar , Hossain SM Zaved , Narmeen Tamanna
Published: November 2015

A 51 year old man presented with multiple painless skin nodules throughout his body for 3 weeks.He complained of cramping pain in his calf muscles and thighs for 3 months, occasional fever withchills for 2 months and lost about 10kgs in these 3 months. Initially he was diagnosed as a case ofviral myositis. His CPK and LDH were raised, febrile antigens and widal test were negative, CA19-9 was very high (5018 u/ml). Biopsy of skin nodules showed features of metastatic adenocarcinoma.Ibrahim Med. Coll. J. 2010; 4(1): 31-33Key word: Cutaneous metastasis; adenocarcinomaDOI: 10.3329/imcj.v4i1.5933
Neuropathies in Sepsis: a Difficult Situation to Wean from Ventilator
Authors: Hossain Md Mozaffer , Alim SMA , Begum Muslema , Ahmed Nasiruddin , Khatun UH Shahera
Published: November 2015

Neuromuscular weakness in critically ill patients is diagnostic challenge. Septic Polyneuropathy is an important cause of failure to wean from artificial ventilation. We studied patient of septic polyneuropathy to highlight the importance of regular neurological examination in the early diagnosis of this conditions. Availability of facilities for bed side electrophysiological study & histopathology of muscle are important to diagnose these entity. A 56 years old lady was admitted in gastro-enterology unit with complains of abdominal pain & fever, subsequently she was diagnosed as a case of burst appendix with septicemia in Surgery Unit. Appendicectomy and surgical toileting was done under general anaesthesia. In the early post-operative period the patient developed respiratory failure and was transferred to ICU. She was on ventilator for a long time with all other investigation electrophysiological study of nerve conduction showed septic polyneuropathy. On 21st POD the patient could be withdrawn from ventilator and after T-piece trial extubation was done on the next day. Neuropathies in sepsis, an important cause of failure to wean from ventilator, a high index of suspicion and regular bed side neurological & electrophysiological examination is required to make an early diagnosis.   Journal of BSA, Vol. 21, No. 1, January 2008 53-55
Supraventricular Tachycardia during Regional Anaesthesia (Spinal Anaesthesia)
Authors: Banu Tahmina , Mahmood Wahiuddin
Published: November 2015

Supraventricular tachycardia, though not very common may develop in any patient under spinal anaesthesia. A 50 years old lady admitted at square hospital through the emergency unit with left loin pain and fever with chill. She was already diagnosed as a case of left ureteric stone and was scheduled for Ureteorenoscopic Intracorporeal Pneumatic Lithotripsy (URS-ICPL) under spinal anaesthesia. During anaesthesia, she developed supraventricular tachycardia of unknown origin. Ultrashort-acting (3-blocker was given slowly. As there was no improvement, intravenous propranolol was given slowly, which resulted in a conversion to sinus rhythm. This paper discussed methods of cardio version for patients with supraventricular tachycardia in such clinical settings. Key words: Spinal anaesthesia, SVT.   Journal of BSA, Vol. 21, No. 1, January 2008 56-58
Outbreak of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS): A Public Health Concern
Authors: Sharif Ahmed Raihan
Published: November 2015

No Abstract AvailableJournal of Current and Advance Medical Research, 2015;2(2):28-29
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: An Initial Clinical Experience at Faridpur District
Authors: Saha PK , Roy Ratna Rani , Sarkar Nukul , Alam Jahangir
Published: November 2015

Background: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy quickly emerged as an alternative to open cholecystectomy. However its safety, efficacy, and morbidity have yet to be fully evaluated.Objective: The purpose of the present study was to determine the efficacy and safety of laparoscopic cholecystectomy Procedure in the removal of gall bladder stones at Faridpur district-one of the remote district of Bangladesh.Methodology: A prospective, nonrandomized, open label Consecutive study was carried out at Faridpur district using laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) procedure for the symptomatic treatment of Gall bladder stones. For this purpose a total number of 145 patients having conclusively diagnosed as gall bladder stones were enrolled. LC procedure was performed by North American technique-a well established and standard procedure described earlier for the purpose. The key variables studied were average operating room time, condition of the gall bladder, the presence or absence of stones, the character of stones, post-operative complicates and duration of hospital stay.Result: The study revealed that among 145 patients 83.4% were female with an average age of 40.3 years. The average operating time required was 130 minutes. Gall bladder was thickened but was free from adhesion in 96.5% cases and stones' only 3.45% patients needed open method due to fibrosis and adhesion of the gall bladder with omentum and gut. The duration of hospital or clinic stay following LC was 3.5 days. Evidence of infection like fever, pain etc. was seen only in 2.75% cases. Bleeding was present in 2.06% cases. This was corrected after blood transfusion. No injury to the common bile duct or any of the bile duct or any of the blood vessels was observed. Similarly no evidence of malignancy was seen in any of the gall bladder removed.Conclusion: The present study concludes that laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a safe, minimal invasive, cost-effective and safe procedure for the symptomatic treatment of gall bladder stones.Journal of Current and Advance Medical Research, 2015;2(2):30-33
Socio-demographic Characteristics of Ovarian Tumor Patients attended at a tertiary Care Hospital in Dhaka city
Authors: Dhar Swapna Rani , Begum Shansun Nahar , Zabin Fahmida , Akter Saida
Published: November 2015

Background: Ovarian tumour is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to observe the socio-economic conditions of the ovarian tumour patients. Methodology: This was a cross sectional observational study and was carried out in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) Hospital, Dhaka from July 2008 to December 2008. Patient admitted in the Obstetrics and Gynaecology ward in BSMMU hospital with diagnosis as ovarian tumour were selected as study population. Woman suffering from ovarian tumour who were diagnosed by history, clinical presentation, laboratory finding's and finally, confirmed by operative findings and histopathological report were included in this study. Result: Out of total 382 patients admitted with different gynaecological problem into BSMMU Hospital, 50 (13.09%) were diagnosed as ovarian tumour. Out of 50 patients maximum number of patients belonged to age group 21-30 years (32%). Mean age 38.2±7.31 years with a range 16 to 69. Among the 50 patients 4% of patents belonged to upper class, 56% middle class and 40% were to lower class. Out of total 50 cases 8% were unmarried and 92% were married, of whom 12% were nuliparous and 80% were parous. Conclusion: In conclusion the ovarian tumours are most commonly occurred in middle aged women in the middle income group. The parous women are most commonly suffering from ovarian tumour. Journal of Current and Advance Medical Research, 2015;2(2):39-41
Childhood mortality and Child nutritional status of Bangladesh: A review on Demographic and Health Survey
Authors: Das Akkur Chandra
Published: November 2015

Background: Childhood mortality and child nutritional status of the developing countries are very much concerning issues of the world. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the situation of childhood mortality and child nutritional status of Bangladesh with the comparative analysis and progress of childhood mortality and child nutritional status from 1993 to 2014. Methodology: In this regard this paper reviews the Bangladesh Demographic and Health Surveys (BDHS) conducted in 1993-94, 1996-97, 1999-2000, 2004, 2007, 2011 and 2014, which were analyzed on infant, child, under-five mortality and child nutritional status in detail. Result: The evidences reflected in BDHSs show that infant, child and under-five mortality in Bangladesh have declined steadily at least over the past years. However, differentials in trends and patterns of childhood mortality and even child nutritional status by the demographic determinants have not been explained elaborately. According to the 1993-1994 and the 2014 surveys found infant mortality two times, child mortality sex times and under-five mortality rates three times declined in 2014 than those were in 1993-94. On the contrary, stunning, wasting and underweight are also declined in 2014 comparatively than the last two decades but it is noted that wasting situation is not gradually declined. Conclusion: Bangladesh successfully declined the total number of childhood mortalities and nutrition related mortalities and complexities. Many non-government and government funded organizations should run some effective programs to overcome the situation completely in Bangladesh.Journal of Current and Advance Medical Research, 2015;2(2):42-46
A Study on the Performance of High Temperature Shift (HTS) Converter using Past Data and Novel Ideas
Authors: Quader AKMA
Published: November 2015

Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.ChE 23 1995-2005
Water Quality Assessment of Surma River in Sylhet City
Authors: Iqbal SA , Haque E , Iqbal Md , Chowdhury MAI
Published: November 2015

Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.ChE 23 1995-2005
A Numerical Model for Bubble Size Distribution in Turbulent Gas-Liquid Dispersion
Authors: Azad MAK , Syeda Sultana R
Published: November 2015

In present study a numerical model for bubble size distribution is developed that considers bothbreakage and coalescence in turbulent gas liquid dispersion. Two-step mechanisms are considered forboth breakage and coalescence of bubbles. The bubble breakage is structured as the product of thebubble-eddy collision frequency and breakage efficiency in gas-liquid dispersions. The coalescencefunction considers the product of bubble-bubble collision frequency and coalescence efficiency. Themodel overcomes several limitations observed in previous efforts such as empirical parameters,narrow range of operating conditions, and narrow range of geometries. Favorable agreement is foundbetween the predicted bubble size distribution and the experimental data reported in the literature. Thepercentage of error obtained for the average bubble size was found within ± 17%.Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.ChE 24 2006 25-34
Immediate Outcome of Neonate With Pneumothorax
Authors: Begum Marium , Haque Zabrul SM , Hassan Mahmuda , Mannan Abdul , Jahan Nasim
Published: November 2015

Objectives : To determine the outcome of pneumothorax in term and post term neonates.Study Design : Neonates presented with respiratory distress and diagnosed pneumothorax by X-ray at the time of admission or during the course of hospital stay were included in this study.Results: Total 49 cases were included for the study, among them 29(59.18%)were male and 20(40.82%) female, 42(85%)babies cured and 7(15%)expired. Thirty-five (71.46%) delivered by LUCS, 14(28.57%) by NVD. Pneumothorax associated with maternal risk factors like UTI 10(21.2%), PROM 5(10.2%), GDM 2(4.2%)cases, PIH 1(2.0%), PET 1(2%), were observed. No maternal risk factor has been identified in 25(51%)cases and 4(8.1%)cases due to other reason. Nineteen neonates (38.77%) with meconium aspiration syndrome, 14(28.57%) required PPV, 10(20.40%) with pneumonia 2(4.08%) with congenital heart disease, 2(4.08%) with TTN, pneumothorax 2(4.02%). Total 40(81.63%) cases were in patient, only 3(7.5%) of them died, 9(18.36%) babies were out patient among them 4(8.16%) died, (P value Â0.001). Significant death were seen among those who admitted after 24 hours of age, 3 out of 6 cases). Four (8.16) out of 36(73.4%)expired who admitted before 24 hours of age, (P value Â 0.001.) Pneumothorax were managed by nitrogen wash out 29(59.18%), 5(10.20%) needle aspiration with high flow oxygen, 5(10.20%)needed needle aspiration, chest tube with high flow oxygen. Ten (20.40%)babies needed needling, chest tube drainage with ventilator, among them 6(12.24%)expired and 4 survived. No death were observed among the neonates who were managed with high flow oxygen.Conclusions: High index of suspicion, prompt diagnosis by cold light and urgent portable X-ray and immediate intervention is needed for life saving and better outcomeJ. Paediatr. Surg. Bangladesh 5(1): 3-7, 2014 (January)
Comparative study between intralesional Dexamethasone and oral Prednisolone in the treatment of Infantile Hemangioma
Authors: Chowdhury Tahmina Akhter , Bhuiyan Akbar Husain , Hakim Mohammed Monjurul
Published: November 2015

Background: Infantile Hemangioma (IH) is one of the most common childhood neoplasm. Current treatments for children with endangering Infantile Hemangioma are limited, and include primarily oral corticosteroid which has many systemic adverse effects. Furthermore, approximately one third of IH does not respond to oral steroids, prompting active investigations for new treatments.Objective: To compare the efficacy, side effects, and influencing factors of oral Prednisolone and intralesional Dexamethasone (IL) in treatment of IH and thus to find out an effective, cheap and safe modality of treatment for this anomaly.Materials and Methods: This study was carried out on 48 patients of IH with the age range from 1 day to 12 years. Group A (n1=26) patients were treated by oral Prednisolone and group B (n2=22) patients were treated by IL Dexamethasone .Periorbital Hemangioma and IH >54 cubic centimeter were excluded. Therapeutic response of Prednisolone and Dexamethasone was graded as excellent, good, poor and no response. We monitored volume of the lesion and its color change to evaluate the response to treatment.Results: Overall therapeutic responses were 69.2% in Group A and 68.2% in group B. Side effects were noted in 65.4% patient of group A and 36.4% patient of group B. In group A, the commonest (38.5%) side effect was excessive weight gain with cushingoid facies and in group B, commonest (27.3%) side effect was ulceration at injection site. Side effects were more in children of group A. Range of treatment was 4-20 weeks in group A and in group B, it was 4-24 weeks.Conclusion: IL Dexamethasone is effective as oral Prednisolone for treatment of IH .Unlike Prednisolone, IL Dexamethasone is devoid of systemic side effects.J. Paediatr. Surg. Bangladesh 5(1): 12-19, 2014 (January)
Tibidabo: a syntactically and semantically annotated corpus of Spanish
Authors: Marimon Montserrat
Published: November 2015

In this paper, I discuss the theoretical and practical issues raised in the development of Tibidabo, a syntactically and semantically annotated corpus of Spanish, which has been developed using the DELPH-IN corpus annotation environment and the HPSG-based grammar, SRG. I describe in detail the linguistic analysis that Tibidabo provides, focussing on various syntactic phenomena that are frequently discussed in the literature and consider alternative analyses proposed in the HPSG literature and in AnCora, another Spanish Treebank. 2 2 This work was funded by the Ramón y Cajal programme of the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación.
Success in the abstract: exploring linguistic and stylistic predictors of conference abstract ratings
Authors: Egbert Jesse , Plonsky Luke
Published: November 2015

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between features of conference abstracts and reviewer scores. Previous researchers have described the discourse structures of abstracts (e.g., Blanco, 2005 ) and have reported on the characteristics of successful abstracts ( Cutting, 2012 ; and Kaplan et al., 1994 ). We build on this research by considering both accepted and rejected abstracts, investigating the relationships between a wide range of linguistic and stylistic features and reviewer scores. The corpus used in this study consists of 287 abstracts submitted to the 2009 Second Language Research Forum. Each abstract was scored according to four criteria by three independent abstract reviewers. Additional coding was carried out by the researchers to measure ten stylistic features (e.g., word counts and number of citations). The Biber Tagger was used to annotate grammatical and lexico-grammatical features. A series of t-tests and Pearson's correlations revealed a number of significant relationships between linguistic and stylistic features and abstract ratings. The results of a stepwise multiple regression showed that 31 percent of the variance in abstract scores can be predicted by a combination of the following: more words, citations, the presence of a Results section, more nouns, no errors, and fewer first-person pronouns. In addition to presenting a comprehensive description of the stylistic and linguistic characteristics of conference abstracts, the findings from this study offer practical recommendations for successful abstract writing in applied linguistics.
Payment Schemes in Conditional Cash Transfer Programs: The Case of 4Ps in the Davao Region, Philippines
Authors: Catubig Ma , Villano Renato , Dollery Brian
Published: November 2015

This paper evaluates current payment schemes employed by the Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4Ps) in the Philippines using six assessment criteria: transaction cost, security/risks, speed and timeliness, acceptability, resilience and flexibility. Employing data collected at the regional level, we establish four main findings: (1) all 4Ps payment conduits present trade-offs; (2) a payment approach that uses mainstream financial infrastructure is beneficial if cost, speed and simplicity of the payment system are critical; (3) competition for 4Ps contracts for Payment Service Providers (PSPs) has improved the quality of payment services and minimized costs; and (4) the efficiency of the program is greatly influenced by the commitment of the PSP to deliver the cash benefits to the recipients in a timely manner rather than by maximizing conduit branches.
(Z)-3-Amino-5-(pyridin-2-ylmethylidene)-2-thioxo-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one
Authors: Hirsova Petra , Dolezel Jan , Kucerova-Chlupacova Marta , Kunes Jiri , Pilarova Veronika , Novakova Lucie , Opletalova Veronika
Published: November 2015

3-Aminorhodanine reacts with aldehydes to form either 5-[(aryl)alkylidene]-substituted products or Schiff bases or derivatives substituted at both the 3-amino group and the 5-methylene group, depending on the reaction conditions. In this note, synthesis and characterization of 3-amino-5-(pyridin-2-ylmethylidene)-2-thioxo-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one is reported.