bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reconstruction of Historical Memory In The Midst Of the Armed Conflict in Colombia
Authors: Garzón María Angélica , Rey Paula A. Timcke
Published: December 2015

This chapter aims to reflect upon the construction of historical memory in Colombia from an institutional framework and in the midst of an armed conflict that does not cease. The objective is to discuss the difficulties that emerge in this type of research when conducted under the political, conceptual and methodological parameters of a public entity. Therefore, three contexts that influenced the development of the research are analysed (institutional, social-political and scientific) and then the limits and difficulties that these implicate are exposed. Finally, a series of recommendations are presented as well as the learned lessons that should represent a contribution for future work related with the reconstruction of historical memory in contexts of violence and armed conflict.
Different Paths to Peace Building
Authors: Cardenas Javier , Pérez Nadia Stefania , Triana Sergio
Published: December 2015

Since the first implementation of a modern DDR program, implemented in Namibia in 1989, more than 60 programs became the initial stage of a stabilization process in countries, in which national governments and irregular forces have ended hostilities, reached a ceasefire or signed a peace agreement. This document aims to provide a comparative analysis between two of them: the reintegration policy led by Colombia and Indonesia, from a description of these DDR processes and the general experiences that have been accumulated through the DDR processes in both countries. This paper makes a brief analysis of the political contexts that were conductive to the implementation of the reintegration process in both cases, describes the challenges faced and currently being faced by these processes, pointing out the strategies to address them and the role of international cooperation. The analysis will be framed during the peace process and DDR program in Aceh, Indonesia, and the Republic of Colombia, since 2003 until nowadays.
On K3 Surface Quotients of K3 or Abelian Surfaces
Authors: Garbagnati Alice
Published: December 2015

The aim of this paper is to prove that a K3 surface is the minimal model of
the quotient of an Abelian surface by a group G
(respectively of a K3 surface by an Abelian group G) if
and only if a certain lattice is primitively embedded in its Néron-Severi group.
This allows one to describe the coarse moduli space of the K3 surfaces that are
(rationally) G-covered by Abelian or K3 surfaces (in
the latter case G is an Abelian group). When
G has order 2 or G is
cyclic and acts on an Abelian surface, this result is already known; we extend it
to the other cases.

Moreover, we prove that a K3 surface XG
is the minimal model of the quotient of an Abelian surface by a
group G if and only if a certain configuration of
rational curves is present on XG
. Again, this result was known only in some special cases, in
particular, if G has order 2 or 3.
A Note on Algebras that are Sums of Two Subalgebras
Authors: Kępczyk Marek
Published: December 2015

We study an associative algebra A over an arbitrary field that is a sum of two subalgebras B and C (i.e., A = B+C). We show that if B is a right or left Artinian PI algebra and C is a PI algebra, then A is a PI algebra. Additionally, we generalize this result for semiprime algebras A. Consider the class of all semisimple finite dimensional algebras A = B + C for some subalgebras B and C that satisfy given polynomial identities f = 0 and g = 0, respectively. We prove that all algebras in this class satisfy a common polynomial identity.
Cibermedios de proximidad en España y Portugal en las redes sociales: vías para estrechar vínculos en comunidades locales
Authors: López García Xosé , Toural-Bran Carlos , Rodríguez Vázquez Ana Isabel , Silva-Rodríguez Alba
Published: December 2015

La evolución del nuevo ecosistema mediático durante los últimos diez años muestra una explosión de cibermedios de proximidad, tanto nativos digitales como matriciales. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar las características de las nuevas formas de establecer vínculos y asentarse de los cibermedios de proximidad, prestando atención a la diferencia entre los nativos digitales y los matriciales. El análisis incluye vías de participación de los ciudadanos en el producto, estrategias en las redes sociales e índices de seguimiento, e iniciativas socioculturales con asociaciones o entidades de la comunidad. El procedimiento seguido es el estudio de caso y análisis de contenido de tres medios nativos digitales españoles que sobresalen como nuevas fórmulas de ciberperiodismo de proximidad (somosmalasaña.com, granadaimedia.com y elporvenirclm.com) y uno portugués (setubalnarede.com). También hemos realizado un repaso de los medios locales del grupo portugués Adriano Lucas, uno de los referentes en el país vecino y con más influencia por difusión en el sector del ciberperiodismo de proximidad. Este estudio revelará cómo son pocos los casos de medios que aprovechan las potencialidades del contexto de la web 2.0 para dinamizar sus comunidades digitales y propiciar o gestionar el feedback aportado por sus usuarios/lectores
Community Attitudes Toward Mass Drug Administration for Control and Elimination of Neglected Tropical Diseases After the 2014 Outbreak of Ebola Virus Disease in Lofa County, Liberia
Authors: Bogus Joshua , Gankpala Lincoln , Fischer Kerstin , Krentel Alison , Weil Gary J. , Fischer Peter U. , Kollie Karsor , Bolay Fatorma K.
Published: December 2015

The recent outbreak of Ebola virus disease (EVD) interrupted mass drug administration (MDA) programs to control and eliminate neglected tropical diseases in Liberia. MDA programs treat entire communities with medication regardless of infection status to interrupt transmission and eliminate lymphatic filariasis and onchocerciasis. Following reports of hostilities toward health workers and fear that they might be spreading EVD, it was important to determine whether attitudes toward MDA might have changed after the outbreak. We surveyed 140 community leaders from 32 villages in Lofa County, Liberia, that had previously participated in MDA and are located in an area that was an early epicenter of the EVD outbreak. Survey respondents reported a high degree of community trust in the MDA program, and 97% thought their communities were ready to resume MDA. However, respondents predicted that fewer people would comply with MDA after the EVD epidemic than before. The survey also uncovered fears in the community that EVD and MDA might be linked. Respondents suggested that MDA programs emphasize to people that the medications are identical to those previously distributed and that MDA programs have nothing to do with EVD.
Calidad de la educación superior: percepciones de los estudiantes universitarios argentinos
Authors: Andreasen María Paz , Colombo María de la Paz , Brisco Gabriela Fernanda Mollo , Gilli Juan José , Armengol Martín López
Published: December 2015

La universidad pública es un agente educativo, social y económico de primer orden en la sociedad del conocimiento. Las universidades son probablemente las instituciones que mayor impacto y valor añadido aportan a su territorio, ya sea por la vía de la formación y el capital humano, la investigación científica, el desarrollo social y cultural o la innovación y el progreso económico. Bajo estas premisas es que las universidades se posicionan como pilares fundamentales donde se sustenta el nuevo modelo de sociedad y, por ello, asegurar la calidad de la educación superior es, o debería ser, una temática ineludible en la agenda de todos los sectores involucrados en la gestión universitaria. Sin embargo, aún hoy existen dificultades para arribar a una conceptualización del término “calidad” que incluya la opinión de todos los estamentos involucrados en el proceso educativo y para lograr consenso sobre cuáles son los determinantes que más influyen sobre la misma en el ámbito universitario. Ante esta realidad, y cerrando una serie de investigaciones en el marco de la RED ECUALE , este artículo pretende ser un aporte empírico para el estudio de la calidad educativa universitaria indagando acerca de las percepciones que priman entre los/as estudiantes de la Universidad Nacional de La Plata sobre la definición de calidad y los factores que mayor impacto poseen sobre ella. Entre los resultados más importantes ha surgido que los estudiantes asocian el concepto de calidad con la capacidad de la educación superior de generarles un espíritu crítico, de dotarlos de capacidades para el aprendizaje autónomo y de hacerlos asumir un fuerte compromiso social. En cuanto a sus factores determinantes, se ha evidenciado que para los estudiantes las cuestiones más relevantes que afectan a la calidad se encuentran asociadas a  sus propias características y condiciones por sobre los aspectos asociados al profesorado y a las cuestiones institucionales.
Indicadores de gestão em conflito com indicadores de qualidade? Lições econômicas para a gestão universitária
Authors: Boynard Katia Maria Silva , Nogueira Jorge Madeira
Published: December 2015

Os indicadores são instrumentos de gestão essenciais nas atividades de monitoramento e avaliação das instituições. Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar a eficácia dos indicadores de gestão de uma universidade em relação aos indicadores de qualidade acadêmica, evidenciando suas correlações positivas e negativas. Numa abordagem quantitativa, utilizou-se da pesquisa documental para analisar a evolução dos indicadores. Para identificar a relação entre os dois grupos, utilizou-se o teste de Coeficiente de Correlação de Pearson. Os resultados mostraram que o REUNI influenciou o desempenho dos indicadores de gestão, desempenho positivo foi verificado nos indicadores: AIPE, Conceito CAPES e IQCD. Destacou-se o expressivo aumento do CCAE e a redução da TSG. No que se refere aos indicadores de qualidade acadêmica, constatou-se que as variáveis organização didático-pedagógica e infraestrutura devem ser aprimoradas. Outro aspecto importante é a promoção efetiva da participação dos alunos no ENADE. Os testes de correlação verificaram que existe relação entre os indicadores de gestão e o Índice Geral de Cursos (IGC). Uma forte correlação foi identificada nos indicadores IQCD e Conceito CAPES.
Ensino superior: instrumento de mobilidade econômica? Lições da experiência de alternativas de acesso da UNB
Authors: Costa Cláudia Rosana de Araújo , Nogueira Jorge Madeira
Published: December 2015

Este trabalho se dedicou a analisar se as características de origem dos candidatos ao Ensino Superior impactam a sua aprovação e opção por um determinado curso, repercutindo sobre seus ganhos futuros e consequentemente sobre a mobilidade ocupacional e distributiva do sistema econômico. Realizou-se, para tanto, uma análise do perfil socioeconômico dos estudantes aprovados na Universidade de Brasília, entre 2009 e 2013 em duas formas de ingresso: O Vestibular (Sistema Universal e Políticas de Cotas para Negros e para Estudantes de Escolas Públicas) e o Programa de Avaliação Seriada (PAS). Os resultados contradizem a Teoria do Capital Humano e reforçam as Teorias Estruturalistas, na medida em que, demonstram que existem barreiras à mobilidade econômica decorrentes de variáveis relacionadas à origem de cada indivíduo. Concluiu-se, assim, que o Ensino Superior Brasileiro tem sido um instrumento de confirmação das origens dos estudantes e, nesse contexto, a intervenção estatal, especialmente, por meio de legislações, tem um papel importante na correção das distorções na oferta desse bem, modificando os níveis de regressividade na alocação dos recursos públicos e melhorando a distribuição da renda.
Statistical modelling of wildfire size and intensity: a step toward meteorological forecasting of summer extreme fire risk
Authors: Hernandez C. , Keribin C. , Drobinski P. , Turquety S.
Published: December 2015

Abstract. In this article we investigate the use of statistical methods for wildfire risk assessment in the Mediterranean Basin using three meteorological covariates, the 2 m temperature anomaly, the 10 m wind speed and the January–June rainfall occurrence anomaly. We focus on two remotely sensed characteristic fire variables, the burnt area (BA) and the fire radiative power (FRP), which are good proxies for fire size and intensity respectively. Using the fire data we determine an adequate parametric distribution function which fits best the logarithm of BA and FRP. We reconstruct the conditional density function of both variables with respect to the chosen meteorological covariates. These conditional density functions for the size and intensity of a single event give information on fire risk and can be used for the estimation of conditional probabilities of exceeding certain thresholds. By analysing these probabilities we find two fire risk regimes different from each other at the 90 % confidence level: a "background" summer fire risk regime and an "extreme" additional fire risk regime, which corresponds to higher probability of occurrence of larger fire size or intensity associated with specific weather conditions. Such a statistical approach may be the ground for a future fire risk alert system.
Changes In Care Management After “Fast Track” Protocol Introduction For Hip Fracture Patients
Authors: Dobožinskas Paulius , Valavičienė Rasa , Hommel Ami
Published: December 2015

Background and objective. The introduction of fast track schemes for patients with hip fracture usually results in reductions in length of stay and mortality, and reduces the numbers of complications. The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in proce�- dure performance, time from admission to surgery and length of stay after introduction of the fast track protocol (FTP). Materials and methods. 235 patients with hip fracture treated before FTP introduction and after the introduction were prospectively investigated. We studied the use of fracture immobilization, analgesics, infusion therapy, blood test sampling and ECG registration during these two periods. Information about the mean/median time period from admission to surgery and length of stay in the hospital (LOS) in the orthopaedic department was recorded. Results. Significant improvements in the use of im�- mobilization, infusion therapy, blood test sampling and ECG recording were observed after FTP introduction. Also significant reductions were observed in both waiting time for surgery and for LOS. Conclusion. Introduction of a FTP improved the use of procedures necessary for hip fracture patient care, while reducing wait to surgery time and LOS.
Madrid, 1912. El reto del turismo
Authors: Moreno Garrido Ana
Published: December 2015

El otoño de 1912 se inauguró el Hotel Palace en Madrid consolidando así la oferta de lujo en la capital. Al mismo tiempo, la ciudad, a través de la Asociación de Propaganda, organizaba un importante congreso de turismo que reunió durante una semana a todos los sindicatos del país. Ese mismo otoño, el director del Hotel Ritz hizo un interesante viaje internacional por Europa y América para promocionar su hotel y la ciudad. La coincidencia de factores no es casual y revela la importancia creciente que el turismo empezaba a tener para Madrid. Este artículo pretende, además, relacionar estos primeros pasos del Madrid turístico con otros aspectos del desarrollo del turismo nacional.
Los orígenes de la industria española de los forasteros
Authors: González Morales Juan Carlos
Published: December 2015

La llegada de forasteros a nuestro país no era una empresa fácil de acometer en una España en crisis después de 1898, dividida políticamente entre conservadores y liberales, y con serias carencias en sus infraestructuras y transportes. La actividad comercial española necesitaba nuevos frentes y el turismo podría convertirse en un importante factor y motor mercantil.La búsqueda y la construcción en torno a ese objetivo comenzó a partir de 1905, cuando la iniciativa pública y privada realizaron las primeras gestiones encaminadas a este fin, y se constituyen se constituyeron sociedades-sindicatos, según el modelo francés, para fomentar la afición por los viajes y la recepción de viajeros.
"Google News" y el impacto de la Ley de Propiedad Intelectual en la prensa: un nuevo amanecer para la información
Authors: Marcos Recio Juan Carlos , Sánchez Vigil Juan Miguel , Olivera Zaldua María
Published: December 2015

2015 se recordará como el gran año del cambio en los medios de comunicación, especialmente para la prensa. A lo largo del mismo se ha llevado a cabo una enconada lucha entre los editores y Google News, a la que se han sumado Yahoo News, Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter, etc., para determinar quién debe pagar por los contenidos, quién los creará, quién los distribuirá y quién y cómo los leerá. Nuevos pactos para nuevos lectores. Nuevos acuerdos para reflotar económicamente la prensa. Y todo ello bajo el paraguas de la Ley de Propiedad Intelectual en España y otras similares que se irán publicando o adaptando en Europa. Se ofrece un estudio y análisis de la situación previa al establecimiento de dicha ley y las consecuencias de su aplicación.
Leopoldo María Panero e Lois Pereiro: poéticas da transgresió
Authors: Piñeiro Pais Laura
Published: December 2015

En este artículo nos aproximaremos a dos poéticas que comparten trazos muy similares entre sí: la de Leopoldo María Panero y la del escritor gallego Lois Pereiro, dos figuras que renuevan la lírica del último cuarto del siglo XX. Este estudio no se centrará exclusivamente en las similitudes entre las poéticas, sino que abordará también la biografía de los dos autores, muy presente en sus creaciones literarias.
Anfeh Unveiled: Historical Background, Ongoing Research, and Future Prospects
Authors: Panayot Haroun Nadine
Published: December 2015

This article describes how the site of Anfeh, Lebanon, which played an important role in the economy of the northern Levant from the Late Bronze Age to the Ottoman period and is currently on the World Monuments Watch List, was researched, surveyed, and excavated. The international rescue excavation and survey of Anfeh is directed toward reconstructing its entire history using recent archaeological data obtained from surveys and excavations, oral histories, and written sources. The ultimate objective of the project is to advance and implement a sustainable development program for both Anfeh and its hinterlands.
Europe’s Treasure Hunters. The Founding of a Network of European Diary Archives and Collections
Authors: Lejeune Philippe
Published: December 2015

Amsterdam, June 5, 2015. About fifteen people from autobiographical archives throughout Europe have come together at the Meertens Institute, which houses the Nederlands Dagboekarchief, founded in 2010 by Mirjam Nieboer and Monica Soeting.  We are in Amsterdam to found a network of European diary archives and collections. At first introductions are made. What the seven archives represented here share is not merely that they possess autobiographical documents (that would be commonplace). Their collections are solely dedicated to autobiographical writings by ordinary people, from past and present. This article was submitted to the European Journal of Life Writing in August 2015 and published in October 2015.
Synthesis, Biological Evaluation and 2D-QSAR Studies of Novel 6-Oxo-Pyridine-3-Carboxamide Derivatives as Antimicrobial and Antifungal Agents
Authors: El-Sehrawi Hend M. , Soliman Dalia H. , Khalifa Maha M. , El-Bakry Omneya M.
Published: December 2015

In this study twenty six novel derivatives of 6-oxo-pyridine-3-carboxamide were synthesized and evaluated as antibacterial and antifungal agents. Synthesis of the
 2-amino-4-methyl-6-oxo-N,1-diphenyl-1,6-dihydropyridine-3-carboxamide 1 was carried out by reacting equimolar quantities of acetoacetanilide and cyanoacetanilide in ethanol using triethylamine as a catalyst. The results of the in vitro antimicrobial evaluation showed that, the
 6-oxo-N,1-diphenyl-5-(p-tolyldiazenyl)-1,6-dihydropyridine-3-carboxamide, 5c displayed broad-spectrum antibacterial activity which was equipotent to both Ampicillin and Gentamicin against the tested bacteria. Moreover, compounds 3a, 5c and 9b were equipotent to the reference drug, Amphotericin B, against Aspergillus fumigatus (MIC = 1.95µg/ml). 2D QSAR studies were carried out in order to correlate the observed activity to the binding mode of these compounds, in addition to their molecular properties that might be controlling their activities.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for International Journal of Economics and Finance, Vol. 7, No. 12
Authors: Zhang Michael
Published: December 2015

Reviewer Acknowledgements for International Journal of Economics and Finance, Vol. 7, No. 12
Unravelling Methodologies for a Rational Lignin Valorisation Using Heterogeneously Catalysed Protocols
Authors: Luque Rafael
Published: December 2015

Lignin depolymerisation has recently a great deal of attention from scientists and companies worldwide due to the extensive possibilities of this recalcitrant material for the production of chemicals, fuels and materials. The natural complexity and stability of lignin bonds makes lignin depolymerization a highly challenging task. Several efforts have been directed towards a more profound understanding of the structure and composition of lignin in order to devise pathways and selectively cleave bridging bonds to break down the biopolymer into useful compounds. The present contribution aims to provide a series of key points in the field of lignin depolymerisation to provide an overview to the field for starting researchers.
Expérience de recherche participative dans le bassin du Madon (Lorraine, France)
Authors: Assaad Aziz , Benoit Marc , Cablé Eliane , Cussenot Michelle , Pons Marie-Noëlle
Published: December 2015

La recherche participative (ou recherche citoyenne) permet d’établir un partenariat entre le milieu académique (laboratoire universitaire et ses chercheurs) et le milieu associatif ou scolaire pour réaliser des études à visée scientifique. Elles permettent à la fois de mieux faire apprécier la démarche scientifique au grand public (qu’il s’agisse d’enfants ou d’adultes) et d’obtenir des données, sur le long terme ou sur un grand secteur géographique, utiles au chercheur. C’est dans ce cadre que deux actions se sont déroulées entre 2012 et 2014 sur le bassin du Madon, l’un des affluents de la Moselle, dans le sud de la Lorraine. Une première action a été réalisée dans le cadre d’une manifestation socioculturelle (les Chemins de l’Eau) organisée par la Fédération Départementale des Foyers Ruraux en juin 2013 : afin de sensibiliser les visiteurs aux ressources en eau dans leur environnement immédiat, une hydrothèque a été créée. La seconde action s’est adressée à des classes de primaire (CE2-CM1-CM2 et CM2) de trois localités rurales le long du Madon (Lerrain, Mattaincourt et Haroué). Tous les échantillons ont ensuite fait l’objet d’analyses au laboratoire : pH, conductivité, carbone organique dissous, azote total dissous, azote ammoniacal, ions majeurs, propriétés optiques (spectroscopie UV-visible, fluorescence). Ces expériences ont permis d’avoir un suivi temporel de trois stations le long du Madon et de participer à une cartographie des ressources en eau des Vosges en fonction des caractéristiques du bassin versant et de l’usage des sols. Dans les deux cas, le public visé a montré un vif intérêt.
Exposition hydrique au bisphénol A et à ses dérivés chlorés et liens avec le cancer du sein : étude de faisabilité BREDI I (Breast and Endocrine Disrupter Investigation Part 1)
Authors: Rouillon Steeve , Grignon Claire , Venisse Nicolas , Nadeau Cédric , Albouy-Llaty Marion , Migeot Virginie , Dupuis Antoine , Brunet Bertrand
Published: December 2015

Il existe une relation entre exposition aux perturbateurs endocriniens (PE) et carcinogenèse animale. Cependant, les données épidémiologiques sont insuffisantes. Le bisphénol A (BPA) est un PE ubiquitaire présent dans l’eau potable. Ses dérivés chlorés (Clx-BPA) sont suspectés d’avoir une action PE 100 fois supérieure. L’objectif de ce travail était d’évaluer la faisabilité d’une étude d’exposition hydrique au BPA et aux Clx-BPA dans une population de patientes opérées du sein. L’étude a été menée au CHU de Poitiers auprès de trois populations de femmes opérées du sein classées selon la gravité de leur lésion. Trois façons d’évaluer l’exposition hydrique ont été explorées : dosage dans des matrices biologiques, dans l’eau du robinet et administration d’un questionnaire sociodémographique validé. Le critère de jugement principal était la concentration en composés dans l’eau ou les matrices biologiques et les quantités d’eau apportées par voie orale et cutanée selon le questionnaire. Dans l’eau de boisson analysée, le BPA a été quantifié chez la totalité des patientes (116 ± 162 ng∙L‑1). Les concentrations en Clx-BPA étaient de 1,85 ± 0,70 ng∙L‑1. Les concentrations urinaires en BPA étaient de 2,6 ng∙mL‑1 en préopératoire et 3,8 ± 5,5 ng∙mL‑1 en postopératoire, les Clx-BPA n’ayant pas été quantifiés. Dans le tissu adipeux mammaire, le BPA a été retrouvé à 1,265 ± 0,058 ng∙g‑1, le BPA et le Clx-BPA n’ayant été détectés qu’à deux reprises. Cette étude a montré la faisabilité des dosages du BPA et des Clx-BPA dans les matrices biologiques et l’eau du robinet. La mise en place d’une cohorte multicentrique permettra d’étudier la relation entre exposition à ces PE et cancer du sein.
Spectral Analysis of Traffic Functions in Urban Areas
Authors: Nemtanu Florin , Costea Ilona Madalina , Dumitrescu Catalin
Published: December 2015

The paper is focused on the Fourier transform application in urban traffic analysis and the use of said transform in traffic decomposition. The traffic function is defined as traffic flow generated by different categories of traffic participants. A Fourier analysis was elaborated in terms of identifying the main traffic function components, called traffic sub-functions. This paper presents the results of the method being applied in a real case situation, that is, an intersection in the city of Bucharest where the effect of a bus line was analysed. The analysis was done using different time scales, while three different traffic functions were defined to demonstrate the theoretical effect of the proposed method of analysis. An extension of the method is proposed to be applied in urban areas, especially in the areas covered by predictive traffic control.
Evidence of macrophagous teleosaurid crocodylomorphs in the Corallian Group (Oxfordian, Late Jurassic) of the UK
Authors: Foffa Davide , Young Mark T. , Brusatte Stephen L.
Published: December 2015

Teleosaurids were a group of semi-aquatic crocodylomorphs with a fossil record that spanned the Jurassic Period. In the UK, abundant specimens are known from the Oxford Clay Formation (OCF, Callovian to lower Oxfordian), but are very rare in the Kimmeridge Clay Formation (KCF, Kimmeridgian to lower Tithonian), despite their abundance in some contemporaneous deposits in continental Europe. Unfortunately, due to the paucity of material from the intermediate ‘Corallian Gap’ (middle to upper Oxfordian), we lack an understanding of how and why teleosaurid taxic abundance and diversity declined from the OCF to the KCF. The recognition of an incomplete teleosaurid lower jaw from the Corallian of Weymouth (Dorset, UK) begins to rectify this. The vertically oriented dentition, blunt tooth apices, intense enamel ornamentation that shifts to an anastomosed pattern apically, and deep reception pits on the dentary unambiguously demonstrates the affinity of this specimen with an unnamed sub-clade of macrophagous/durophagous teleosaurids (‘Steneosaurus’obtusidens+Machimosaurus). The high symphyseal tooth count allows us to exclude the specimen fromM. hugiiandM. mosae, but in absence of more diagnostic material we cannot unambiguously assign DORCM G.3939 to a more specific level. Nevertheless, this specimen represents the first mandibular material referable to Teleosauridae from the poorly sampled middle-upper Oxfordian time-span in the UK.
The dentary ofAustralovenator wintonensis(Theropoda, Megaraptoridae); implications for megaraptorid dentition
Authors: White Matt A. , Bell Phil R. , Cook Alex G. , Poropat Stephen F. , Elliott David A.
Published: December 2015

Megaraptorid theropods were an enigmatic group of medium-sized predatory dinosaurs, infamous for the hypertrophied claw on the first manual digit. Megaraptorid dentition is largely restricted to isolated teeth found in association with skeletal parts; however, thein situmaxillary dentition ofMegaraptorwas recently described. A newly discovered right dentary pertaining to theAustralovenatorholotype preservesin situdentition, permitting unambiguous characterisation of the dentary tooth morphology. The new jaw is virtually complete, with an overall elongate, shallow profile, and fifteen visiblein situteeth at varying stages of eruption.In situteeth confirmAustralovenatorexhibited modest pseudoheterodonty, recurved lateral teeth with a serrate distal carina and reduced mesial carina, similar to other megaraptorids.Australovenatoralso combines of figure-of-eight basal cross-section with a lanceolate shape due to the presence of labial and lingual depressions and the lingual twist of the distal carina. Computed tomography and three-dimensional imagery provided superior characterisation of the dentary morphology and enabled an accurate reconstruction to a pre-fossilised state. The newly established dental morphology also afforded re-evaluation of isolated theropod teeth discovered at theAustralovenatorholotype locality and from several additional Winton Formation localities. The isolated Winton teeth are qualitatively and quantitatively similar to thein situdentary teeth ofAustralovenator, but are also morphometrically similar to Abelisauridae, Allosauridae, Coelophysoidea, Megalosauridae and basal Tyrannosauroidea. Qualitative characters, however, clearly distinguish the teeth ofAustralovenatorand the isolated Winton teeth from all other theropods. Evidence from teeth suggests megaraptorids were the dominant predators in the Winton Formation, which contrasts with other penecontemporaneous Gondwanan ecosystems.
Die erneute Kehrtwende des BFH
Authors: Laws Ralf
Published: December 2015

Vor dem Hintergrund einer aktuellen Änderung der BFH-Rechtsprechung (BFH, Urt. v. 18.6.2015 - VI R 17/14) befasst sich der Autor mit der steuerlichen Absetzbarkeit von Prozesskosten als außergewöhnliche Belastung nach § 33 EStG und deren Bedeutung für die außergerichtliche Streitbeilegung
Die Verhandlungsleinwand
Authors: Aschenbrenner Jo B.
Published: December 2015

Die Verhandlungsleinwand ist ein Werkzeug für bessere Verhandlungsführung. Sie basiert auf drei grundlegenden Prinzipien und der Gestaltung des Verhandlungsspielfeldes. So können Verhandlungsführer ihre Vorbereitungen strukturieren und während einer Verhandlung den Überblick behalten.
Der Wert als Ziel – Nachhaltige Konfliktklärung in Kooperationskonflikten Asitta Tabatabai M.A., lic.iur.
Authors: Tabatabai Asitta
Published: December 2015

Auf dem Konfliktklärungsmarkt finden sich unterschiedlichste Konfliktvermittlungsverfahren, welche nicht alle dasselbe Ziel verfolgen. Um Kooperationskonflikte erfolgreich und nachhaltig lösen zu können, sollte das Ziel der Konfliktvermittlung klar definiert und der Team-Kultur angepasst sein.

Der vorliegende Artikel geht einerseits der Frage nach, aufgrund welcher Kriterien sich der Erfolg einer Konfliktvermittlung messen lässt und stellt anderseits ein wertebasiertes, zielgerichtetes Konfliktklärungs- Modell vor.
iRegulon and i‐cisTarget: Reconstructing Regulatory Networks Using Motif and Track Enrichment
Authors: Verfaillie Annelien , Imrichova Hana , Janky Rekins , Aerts Stein
Published: December 2015

Gene expression profiling is often used to identify genes that are co‐expressed in a biological process or disease. Downstream analyses of co‐expressed gene sets using bioinformatics methods can reveal candidate transcription factors (TF) that co‐regulate these genes, based on the presence of shared TF binding sites. Drawing gene regulatory networks that connect TFs to their predicted target genes can uncover gene modules that implement a particular function. Here, we describe several protocols to analyze any set of co‐expressed genes using iRegulon and i‐cisTarget. These tools perform regulatory sequence analysis (motif discovery) and integrate and mine large collections of existing regulatory data, such as ChIP‐Seq, DHS‐seq, and FAIRE‐seq (track discovery). While iRegulon focuses on sets of co‐expressed genes, i‐cisTarget also analyses genomic regions as input. The following protocols describe how to install and use these tools, how to interpret the obtained results, and will thus help to create meaningful regulatory networks. © 2015 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Protein Structure and Function Prediction Using I‐TASSER
Authors: Yang Jianyi , Zhang Yang
Published: December 2015

I‐TASSER is a hierarchical protocol for automated protein structure prediction and structure‐based function annotation. Starting from the amino acid sequence of target proteins, I‐TASSER first generates full‐length atomic structural models from multiple threading alignments and iterative structural assembly simulations followed by atomic‐level structure refinement. The biological functions of the protein, including ligand‐binding sites, enzyme commission number, and gene ontology terms, are then inferred from known protein function databases based on sequence and structure profile comparisons. I‐TASSER is freely available as both an on‐line server and a stand‐alone package. This unit describes how to use the I‐TASSER protocol to generate structure and function prediction and how to interpret the prediction results, as well as alternative approaches for further improving the I‐TASSER modeling quality for distant‐homologous and multi‐domain protein targets. © 2015 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Dating the incision of the Yangtze River gorge at the First Bend using three‐nuclide burial ages
Authors: McPhillips Devin , Hoke Gregory D. , Liu‐Zeng Jing , Bierman Paul R. , Rood Dylan H. , Niedermann Samuel
Published: December 2015

Incision of the Yangtze River gorge is widely interpreted as evidence for lower crustal flow beneath the southeast margin of the Tibetan Plateau. Previous work focused on the onset of incision, but the duration of incision remains unknown. Here we present cosmogenic nuclide burial ages of sediments collected from caves on the walls of the gorge that show the gorge was incised ~1 km sometime between 18 and 9 Ma. Thereafter, incision slowed substantially. We resolve middle Miocene burial ages by using three nuclides and accounting for in situ muogenic production. This approach explains the absolute concentrations of 10Be, 26Al, and 21Ne, as well as 26Al/10Be and 21Ne/10Be ratios. A declining incision rate challenges existing geodynamic interpretations by suggesting that either (1) surface uplift has ceased immediately south of the plateau margin or (2) gorge incision is not a useful proxy for the timing of surface uplift.
MESSENGER observations of suprathermal electrons in Mercury's magnetosphere
Authors: Ho George C. , Starr Richard D. , Krimigis Stamatios M. , Vandegriff Jon D. , Baker Daniel N. , Gold Robert E. , Anderson Brian J. , Korth Haje , Schriver David , McNutt Ralph L. , Solomon Sean C.
Published: December 2015

The X‐Ray Spectrometer (XRS) on the MErcury Surface, Space ENvironment, GEochemistry, and Ranging spacecraft regularly detected fluorescent X‐rays near Mercury induced by low‐energy (1–10 keV) or suprathermal electrons. We devised an algorithm to select these events from XRS records between April 2011 and March 2015 on the basis of their duration, location, and spectral slope. We identified 3102 events during 3900 orbits around Mercury, sampling all Mercury longitudes multiple times over the 4 year period. These suprathermal electrons were present near the planet at all local times, but the majority were on the nightside of the planet, and a dawn‐dusk asymmetry is seen in the data. When the event locations are plotted in a coordinate system based on a simplified magnetic field model, several distinct clusters of events are evident. We infer that all are signatures of accelerated electrons that were injected from Mercury's tail region to form a quasi‐trapped electron population at Mercury.
Observations and modeling of the ionospheric gravity and diamagnetic current systems from CHAMP and Swarm measurements
Authors: Alken P.
Published: December 2015

The CHAMP and Swarm satellites, which provide high‐quality magnetic field measurements in low‐altitude polar orbits, are ideally suited for investigating ionospheric current systems. In this study, we focus on the F region low‐latitude gravity and diamagnetic currents which are prominent in the equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA) region in the North and South Hemisphere. During its 10 year mission, CHAMP has sampled nearly the entire altitude range of the EIA, offering the opportunity to study these currents from above, inside, and below their source region. The Swarm constellation offers the unique opportunity to study near‐simultaneous measurements of the current systems at different longitudinal separations. In this study, we present new observations of these current systems, investigate their seasonal and local time dependence, investigate the use of in situ electron density measurements as a proxy for the magnetic perturbations, and compute the longitudinal self correlation of these currents. We find that these currents are strongest during spring and fall, produce nighttime magnetic fields at satellite altitude of up to 5–7 nT during solar maximum, 2–3 nT during solar minimum, and are highly correlated with in situ electron density measurements. We also find these currents are self‐correlated above 70% up to 15° longitude in both hemispheres during the evening.
Infragravity waves and horizontal seafloor compliance
Authors: Doran Adrian K. , Laske Gabi
Published: December 2015

We report the first consistent observation of horizontal seafloor compliance induced by infragravity (IG) waves. Long‐period IG ocean waves manifest themselves as broad, dominant features in ocean bottom pressure and vertical deformation spectra, but signals are rarely (if ever) identified on the horizontal components of traditional ocean bottom seismometers (OBS) due to low signal level and high current‐induced tilt noise at long periods. We examine two OBS stations with shallow‐buried seismometers: the Monterey Ocean Bottom Broadband site offshore California and the Ocean Seismic Network (OSN) pilot site OSN1B near Hawaii. We use nearby weather buoys to investigate the relationship between the presence of infragravity waves and environmental conditions. We find strong evidence that infragravity wave generation is primarily confined to the near‐coastal environment. Additional IG source information is found by examining the directionality of passing IG waves as a function of frequency, which we analyze using the coherence between pressure and the two horizontal components. Finally, we evaluate the implications for a joint vertical and horizontal compliance inversion.
Intimate partner violence: Are the risk factors similar for men and women, and similar to other types of offending?
Authors: Thornton Abigail J.V. , Graham‐Kevan Nicola , Archer John
Published: December 2015

We studied intimate partner violence (IPV) within a framework of other violent and nonviolent offending, to explore whether the risk factors for offending were similar across the different offense categories, and also for men and women. A comprehensive measure of offending behavior was administered to 184 men and 171 women, together with measures of anger, self‐control, and psychopathic traits. The measure, the nonviolent and violent offending behavior scale (NVOBS), assesses IPV, general violence, and nonviolent offending behavior. Men perpetrated higher levels of general violence and nonviolent offenses than women, whereas women perpetrated significantly more IPV than men. Regression analyses showed that the predictors of offending behavior are generally similar for men and women, with the exception of IPV, where self‐control was a better predictor of IPV for men and anger was a better predictor of IPV for women. Limitations of the present sample and suggestions for future work are discussed. Aggr. Behav. 42:404–412, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Flexible Piezoresistive Sensor Patch Enabling Ultralow Power Cuffless Blood Pressure Measurement
Authors: Luo Ningqi , Dai Wenxuan , Li Chenglin , Zhou Zhiqiang , Lu Liyuan , Poon Carmen C. Y. , Chen Shih‐Chi , Zhang Yuanting , Zhao Ni
Published: December 2015

Noninvasive and real‐time cuffless blood pressure (BP) measurement realizes the idea of unobtrusive and continuous BP monitoring which is essential for diagnosis and prevention of cardiovascular diseases associated with hypertension. In this paper, a wearable sensor patch system that integrates flexible piezoresistive sensor (FPS) and epidermal electrocardiogram (ECG) sensors for cuffless BP measurement is presented. By developing parametric models on the FPS sensing mechanism and optimizing operational conditions, a highly stable epidermal pulse monitoring method is established and beat‐to‐beat BP measurement from the ECG and epidermal pulse signals is demonstrated. In particular, this study highlights the compromise between sensor sensitivity and signal stability. As compared with the current optical‐based cuffless BP measurement devices, the sensing patch requires much lower power consumption (3 nW) and is capable of detecting subtle physiological signal variations, e.g., pre and postexercises, thus providing a promising solution for low‐power, real‐time, and home‐based BP monitoring.
The Exosome ‐ A Naturally Secreted Nanoparticle and its Application to Wound Healing
Authors: Rani Sweta , Ritter Thomas
Published: December 2015

Wound healing is a complex process and often delayed in patients with underlying chronic conditions. The cost of wound care is a significant burden to the society, warranting new techniques to prompt wound healing. Several studies have reported on the beneficial effects of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) function in recruiting host cells, releasing secretory factors and matrix proteins thereby increasing wound heal. These secrete bioactive trophic factors from MSCs also includes extracellular vesicles (EVs) or exosomes. Recent studies have shown that EVs are one of the key secretory products of MSCs mediating cell‐to‐cell communication to enhance wound healing. Current knowledge related to the potential use of EVs in wound healing is reviewed and the promising future for EVs ‐ a naturally secreted nanoparticle ‐ as an alternative to cell‐based therapy is discussed.
Selective Debromination and α‐Hydroxylation of α‐Bromo Ketones Using Hantzsch Esters as Photoreductants
Authors: Jung Jaehun , Kim Jun , Park Gyurim , You Youngmin , Cho Eun Jin
Published: December 2015

Two transformations initiated by photoinduced one‐electron transfer to α‐bromo ketones have been demonstrated. Hantzsch esters donate one electron to α‐bromo ketones under photoirradiation, promoting reductive debromination. Subsequent reactions of the resulting radical species of the ketones with molecular oxygen and Hantzsch esters lead to α‐hydroxylation or debromination, respectively. The relative dominance of the two pathways depends profoundly on the reaction conditions, including solvent, O2 levels, and the concentration of the Hantzsch esters. The synthetic protocols feature advantages because they require the environmentally benign sources, molecular oxygen and visible light.

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Breaking Down the Crystallinity: The Path for Advanced Lithium Batteries
Authors: Zu Chenxi , Dolocan Andrei , Xiao Penghao , Stauffer Shannon , Henkelman Graeme , Manthiram Arumugam
Published: December 2015

Lithium‐sulfur batteries offer high energy density, but their practical utility is plagued by the fast decay of lithium‐metal anode upon cycling. To date, a fundamental understanding of the degradation mechanisms of lithium‐metal anode is lacking. It is shown that (i) by employing a specifically designed electrolyte, the lithium‐metal anode degradation can be significantly reduced, resulting in a superior, high‐rate battery performance and (ii) by combining advanced, 3D chemical analysis with X‐ray diffraction, the properties of the lithium‐metal anode can be effectively monitored as a function of cycling, which is critical in understanding its degradation mechanisms. These findings suggest that the crystallinity of the impurity phases formed in the lithium‐metal anode via chemical reactions with the electrolyte is the dominant degradation factor. It is shown both experimentally and by computational modeling that by employing electrolyte additives containing metal ions that have lower reactivity with sulfur than lithium (e.g., copper, silver, and gold), the crystallinity of the impurity phases can be significantly reduced, resulting in a stable lithium‐metal anode. A pathway to develop a practical, affordable, environmentally compatible, rechargeable Li‐S battery system is offered, and insights to develop other high‐energy‐density battery systems based on the high‐capacity lithium‐metal anode are provided.
Long‐term outcomes in medial flap inferior turbinoplasty are superior to submucosal electrocautery and submucosal powered turbinate reduction
Authors: Barham Henry P. , Thornton Mona A. , Knisely Anna , Marcells George N. , Harvey Richard J. , Sacks Raymond
Published: December 2015

Background

Techniques for inferior turbinate reduction vary from complete turbinectomy to limited cauterization. Surgical methods differ on the degree of tissue reduction and reliance on surgical tissue removal vs tissue ablation. The outcome and morbidity from 3 different turbinate techniques are compared.

Methods

A randomized double‐blinded study was performed. Patient nasal cavities were randomized to different interventions on each side within the same patient. One group had a combination of submucosal powered turbinate reduction (designated “submucosal”) and submucosal electrocautery (designated “electrocautery”); and the second group had a combination of submucosal powered turbinate reduction (designated “submucosal”) and medial flap turbinoplasty (designated “turbinoplasty”). Patient‐scored nasal obstruction and rhinorrhoea (1 to 5) along with blindly assessed nasal airway patency ratings (1 to 4) was done at 12 and 60 months postoperatively. Pain requiring additional analgesia, crusting, bleeding (needing review), and revision were documented.

Results

A total of 100 patients were recruited (age 32.79 ± 13.58 years; 39% female). This represented 200 nasal airway surgeries with 100 submucosal procedures, 50 electrocautery and 50 medial flap turbinoplasties. No patients complained of worsening of their obstruction. At 60 months patients in the turbinoplasty group had greater outcomes, with 90.2% having occasional or no decongestant use (Kendall's tau B p < 0.001) compared to electrocautery (15.8%) and submucosal (37.8%). Fewer turbinoplasty patients had a revision procedure (12%, χ2 = 20.08, p < 0.001) compared to electrocautery (54%) and submucosal (40%). Crusting was more common in the electrocautery group (58% vs submucosal 2% and turbinoplasty 0%; χ2 = 92.04; p < 0.001).

Conclusion

The medial flap turbinoplasty provided consistent, robust results. Long‐term relief of obstructive symptoms without additional risk of complication was observed in the turbinoplasty group.
Why we need an electron‐ion collider
Authors: Venugopalan Raju
Published: December 2015

We present a brief argument making the science case for an electron‐ion collider.