bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Does religiosity inhibit the proclivity to self-forgive?
Authors: Palmer Catherine
Published: February 2020

This study explored inhibitors of self-forgiveness within a population of religious individuals. The study focused specifically on three inhibiting factors; religious commitment, perceptions of one’s transgressions and divine forgiveness. A convenience sample of 102 participants (35 males, 67 females; 72% Christian) was recruited using a combination of advertisements within religious buildings and social media appeals. A mixed method design was utilised in which participants responded to a succession of self-report scales comprising the Heartland Forgiveness Scale, Religious Commitment Inventory, Divine Forgiveness Scale and the Perceptions of Forgiveness Scale. Additionally, participants completed four further open questions pertaining to their own implicit, experiential interpretations of the phenomenon of forgiveness. Data were analysed using multiple hierarchical regression analysis for quantitative data, and thematic analysis for qualitative data. The results of the regression analysis found that the model accounts for 46.5% of variance with an adjusted R square of .448 and was therefore a significant predictor of self-forgiveness. Each predictor variable contributed significantly to the model; divine forgiveness was a positive predictor of self-forgiveness, whilst Religious commitment and perceived transgressions were negative predictors. Thematic analysis identified three significant themes; cognitive dissonance; which identified inconsistencies between self-identity and one’s behaviour; conciliatory behaviour; which explored actions taken to earn forgiveness, and God image; as either compassionate or punitive. The research findings suggest that subjective interpretations of one’s religion may have an inhibiting role on an individuals’ propensity to self-forgive. Homogeneity does not exist across religious groups; self-forgiveness appears dependent upon other inhibiting factors including God image, adherence to doctrines of implicitly held virtues, and one’s understanding of what it means to forgive - not least one’s belief that they are entitled or deserving of it.
Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Pemilihan Sepeda Motor Bebek Dengan Metode Simple Additive Weighting
Authors: Ramadhan Sandi , Mazia Lia , Pujiastuti Endang
Published: February 2020

Abstract - Motorcycle is a transportation with the most fans. Various types of motorcycle is used more, one of the motorcycle cub/moped. The underbone is one that is a favorite of the riders, especially men's riders. Some motor manufacturers such as Yamaha and Honda produces underbone, with a range of offerings and offered advantages from each manufacturer. It turned out to be one more attention from consumers, they started trouble choosing which underbone that best fits their criteria. In this case, the criteria taken into consideration, including the price, the use of fuel efficient, design body, and the dimensions of the motor frame. This needs to of a Decision Support System that could helped give any information and recommendations on underbone in accordance with criteria consumers. In the development of a decision support system there is one of the models that are commonly used, namely Fuzzy MADM (Multiple Attribute Decision Making). In this research will use one method problem solving of the model , that is simple additive weighting. This method was chosen because it can determine the best alternative of some alternatives so that in accordance with the criteria referred to. In this research will be carried out the calculation of the weighted alternative that will produce the best alternative, namely the underbone elected that could be a recommendation.

Keywords: Motorcycle Duck, Decision Support System, FMADM, SAW
Rancang bangun Sistem Informasi Pelayanan Masyarakat Berbasis Web Pada Desa Sambeng Kulon Kabupaten Banyumas
Authors: Supriatiningsih Supriatiningsih , Safudin Mahmud , Yulianto Eko
Published: February 2020

Abstract: In the current era of globalization, information technology advancing rapidly. Developments in information technology have led to a new revolution in the form of a conventional shift working system into the digital era. This change has also changed the perspective of each person in doing various activities one of which is on the activities of government agencies. The number of managed data and the need for rapid delivery of information in the public service activities at the Village Office Sambeng Kulon, Banyumas District. Public services such as the pcopulation census should be carried out continuously, continuous, timely and accurate. Because every day people must have come to the village office for various purposes such as making a written request KTP, KK, cover letters moving, death certificates, birth certificates and a letter was not able to take a long time and every resident who apply for the required letter is not uncommon back to the house to complete the necessary requirements for at least information about the documents needed to make the required letter. It is of course not efficient. To solve the above problem, a computerized system should be applied over existing systems to ensure the accuracy of the data. With so all processes can be fully realized public services effectively and efficiently because it does not have to require a longer time. The system development method used in designing this information system is the systemwaterfall method.

Keywords: Information Systems, Website Services System, Waterfall
Poor Glycemic Control: Prevalence and Risk Factors Among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Northeast State of Peninsular Malaysia
Authors: Awang Hafizuddin , Ja’afar Siti Mariam , Wan Ishak Nurul Adhiyah , YusofZainal Muhamad , Mohamed Aminuddin Abdul Mukmin , Dollah Zawiyah
Published: February 2020

Background: Poor glycemic control remains an on-going public health concern worldwide. With the increasing prevalence of diabetes mellitus in Malaysia, good control of blood glucose level is paramount to avert life-long complications of diabetes mellitus. Hence, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of poor glycemic control and its associated factors to assist clinicians in achieving good glycemic control among diabetic patients.Materials and Methods: A comparative cross-sectional study between groups of good glycemic control and poor glycemic control patients was conducted among type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients who fulfilled study criteria in Pasir Puteh district, Kelantan, a northeast state of Peninsular Malaysia. Eligible samples registered in the National Diabetes Registry from 1st January 2019 until 31st December 2019 were recruited into the study. Descriptive statistics, simple and multiple logistic regressions were used for data analysis.Results: The prevalence of patients with poor glycemic control in Pasir Puteh district was 79.6%% (95% CI: 0.78, 0.81). Multivariable analysis using multiple logistic regression revealed age, duration of diabetes, cigarette smoking, presence of hypertension and presence of dyslipidaemia were the significant factors associated with poor glycemic control among T2DM patients in Pasir Puteh district with an adjusted odds ratio (AOR) of 0.93 (95%CI:0.91, 0.94); p<0.001), AOR 1.19 (95%CI:1.14, 1.25; p<0.001), AOR 2.75 (95%CI:1.52, 4.97; p=0.001), AOR 2.19 (95%CI:1.32, 3.62; p=0.002) and AOR 2.16 (95%CI:1.45, 3.21; p<0.001) respectively.Conclusion: This study provided important criteria for clinicians to improve management of diabetes mellitus and optimize glycemic control based on the pinpointed significant risk factors.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 04 No. 03 July’20 Page : 206-214
Defining appropriate antibiotic prescribing in primary care: A modified Delphi panel approach
Authors: Wu Julie Hui-Chih , Langford Bradley , Ha Rita , Garber Gary , Daneman Nick , Johnstone Jennie , McIsaac Warren , Sharpe Sally , Tu Karen , Schwartz Kevin L
Published: February 2020

Background: Antimicrobial overuse contributes to antimicrobial resistance. In the ambulatory setting, where more than 90% of antibiotics are dispensed, there are no Canadian benchmarks for appropriate use. This study aims to define the expected appropriate outpatient antibiotic prescribing rates for three age groups (<2, 2–18, >18 years) using a modified Delphi method. Methods: We developed an online questionnaire to solicit from a multidisciplinary panel (community–academic family physicians, adult–paediatric infectious disease physicians, and antimicrobial stewardship pharmacists) what percentage of 23 common clinical conditions would appropriately be treated with systemic antibiotics followed with in-person meetings to achieve 100% consensus. Results: The panelists reached consensus for one condition online and 22 conditions face-to-face, which took an average of 2.6 rounds of discussion per condition (range, min–max 1–5). The consensus for appropriate systemic antibiotic prescribing rates were, for pneumonia, pyelonephritis, non-purulent skin and soft tissue infections (SSTI), other bacterial infections, and reproductive tract infections, 100%; urinary tract infections, 95%–100%; prostatitis, 95%; epididymo-orchitis, 85%–88%; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 50%; purulent SSTI, 35%–50%; otitis media, 30%–40%; pharyngitis, 18%–40%; acute sinusitis, 18%–20%; chronic sinusitis, 14%; bronchitis, 5%–8%; gastroenteritis, 4%–5%; dental infections, 4%; eye infections, 1%; otitis externa, 0%–1%; and asthma, common cold, influenza, and other non-bacterial infections (0%). (Note that some differed by age group.) Conclusions: This study resulted in expert consensus for defined levels of appropriate antibiotic prescribing across a broad set of outpatient conditions. These results can be applied to community antimicrobial stewardship initiatives to investigate the level of inappropriate use and set targets to optimize antibiotic use.
Isolation and Enumeration of Escherichia coli from Soil and Water
Authors: Bhowmik Anindita , Ahsan Sunjukta
Published: February 2020

Majority of the population of Bangladesh depend on tap or surface water as their source of water supply. This study was carried out to examine the microbial quality of both water and soil collected from different places using the multiple tube fermentation technique to determine coliform count by the most probable number (MPN) method in brilliant green lactose broth (BGLB) media.Inoculum from positive tubes of the presumptive test were further transferred on eosinemethylene blue (EMB) and MacConkey agar.The organisms isolated were further characterized using biochemical tests. Out of 93 water samples, 30 (32.26%) indicated the presence of lactose fermenter and gas producer in all 3 tubes of dilution series using inoculum quantities of 1.0, 0.1 and 0.01 ml, whereas out of 85 soil samples, 45 (52.94%) showed acid and gas production in all 3 tubes of dilution series.Among 85 soil samples, 40 samples that contained at least one positive in each dilution series and among 93 water samples, 31 samples that contained at least one positive in each dilution series were further re-identified with biochemical tests.This study showed 30.59% soil isolates and 26.88% water isolates were Escherichia coli which highlighted the fact that both water and soil act as a major reservoir of E.coli, which indicates possible fecal contamination as well as presence of potentially pathogenic E. coli.

Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 36 Number 2 December 2019, pp 75-77
Isolation and Identification of Gram-Negative Bacteria from Oral Cancer Site Infections and Study of Their Antibiotic Resistance Pattern
Authors: Ashreen Samiha , Ahmed Akash , Hasan Nadimul , Akhtar Waheed , Hossain M Mahboob
Published: February 2020

Cancer is one of the non-communicable lethal diseases which affects millions of people worldwide and is responsible for the majority of global deaths. Among the types of cancers occurring in humans, oral cancer has a higher incident rate which is significantly alarming. Oral cancer sites are associated with increased risk of metastasis, along with making the cancer site susceptible to infection by a vast number of opportunistic pathogens. Gram-negative opportunistic bacilli can dwell in these cancer ulcer sites since the patient becomes immune compressed due to radiotherapy and chemotherapy treatments, which prolong the infection. The present study was undertaken to find the most prevalent gram-negative bacilli in oral cavity cancer sites. Swab samples from 50 oral cancer patients were taken to check the presence of the opportunistic organisms. While the control group was set with people with no cancer, only 4 bacteria were isolated from 40 healthy volunteers. Among the isolates from both test group and control group, the most prevalent organism was Klebsiella species 37(45%), followed by Pseudomonas species 29 (34.5%) and Proteus species 8(9.5%). The least prevalent was Escherichia coli 5(6%). The isolates were all taken for antibiotic sensitivity testing (AST) against 15 antibiotics from 11 different groups used in hospitals. Results of the AST were as follows: 100% of the isolates from cancer patients were resistant to vancomycin, clindamycin, amoxicillin, penicillin G, and metronidazole. It was followed by azithromycin, where 86.25% of the isolates were resistant to it. The least resistance was seen against aminoglycoside antibiotic group, amikacin (6.25%), then gentamicin having a resistance percentage of 7.5. A substantial amount of qualitative data on medical history, clinical examination, and treatment, etc. was documented and presented in this study.

Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 36 Number 2 December 2019, pp 85-90
Studies on Roman coin finds from the Central European Barbaricum in the Institute of Archaeology of the Jagiellonian University – an overview
Authors: Bodzek Jarosław , Kopij Kamil , Jellonek Szymon , Zając Barbara
Published: February 2020

A direct successor of the oldest tradition of academic archaeology in Poland, the Institute of Archaeology of the Jagiellonian University ranks among the leading research centres with respect to studies on the influx of Roman coins into European Barbaricum. The interest in Roman coinage at the Jagiellonian University pre-dates archaeology and can be traced back to the 16th century and the professors of the Kraków Academy (the name of the university at that time) Maciej of Miechów (1457–1523) and Stanisław Grzebski (1524–1570). In the 19th century, Roman coins discovered in the vicinity of Kraków attracted the interest of Jerzy Samuel Bandtke (1768–1835). However, the time when this area of research enjoyed particular development falls to the last years before WWII and the post-war period. A significant role in this respect was played by researchers either representing the JU Institute of Archaeology, like Professors Rudolf Jamka (1906–1972), Kazimierz Godłowski (1934–1995), and Piotr Kaczanowski (1944–2015), or those cooperating with the Institute like Professor Stefan Skowronek (1928–2019). Their activity laid the foundations for today’s research on the finds of Roman coins and their inflow into the territories of the Roman Period Barbaricum. Currently, this area of studies is within the focus of two of the departments of the Institute of Archaeology: the Department of Iron Age Archaeology and the Department of Classical Archaeology. The intensification of research on the inflow of Roman coins owes much to the Finds of Roman coins in Poland and connected with PL project, carried out in 2014–2018 under the leadership of Professor Aleksander Burshe, with important contributions provided by a group of scholars from the JU Institute of Archaeology. Despite the conclusion of the project, studies on the inflow of Roman coins will continue.12345
New Technologies of Motor Control and Rehabilitation
Authors: Skurvydas Albertas
Published: February 2020

Modern paradigms of motor control and rehabilitation are analyzed in the paper. Two main paradigms, i. e. computational approach and dynamical system approach are engaged in rivalry in motor control and learning research at present. From the standpoint of computational paradigm the principal mechanism of motor control and learning consists in the ability of the brain “to calculate” (acting as some kind of biological computer). According to the paradigm of dynamical systems the mechanism of motor control is time dependent. In other words, it can be different each time. The main principles of motor control and properties of movements are given considerable attention in the paper. Besides, modern methods of motor rehabilitation after stroke are emphasized in the paper. Fitting of neuroprosthesis and restoration of damaged neural cells are significant maiden steps in modern science. The scientists are engaged in search for: a) constraining such mechanism prosthesis that would submit to the efforts of human will and b) restoring neural cells damaged because of the brain stroke suffered.Keywords: motor control, rehabilitation, stroke.
Introduction
Authors: Krutulytė Gražina , Skurvydas Albertas , Žulkus Vladas
Published: February 2020

Introduction
Diet Composition of Bluefish Pomatomus saltatrix (Linnaeus, 1766) in the Sea of Marmara
Authors: BAL Habib , YANIK Telat , TÜRKER Dilek
Published: February 2020

In this study, diet composition of bluefish Pomatomus saltatrix (Linnaeus, 1766) was investigated. A total of 512 bluefish samples were monthly collected from commercial fishing boats operating in the Sea of Marmara between January and December 2014. It was determined that the total length distribution of the samples varied between 12.3-47.3 cm. 367 of them (71.67%) were found to be the full of the stomach. The nutritional composition of stomach contents only two main prey groups (teleostei and crustacean) were identified. In evaluation, relative importance indexes (IRI) food groups were calculated. According to the relative importance index (IRI=91.8%) anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus) has been found to be the most preferred food group. The number of individuals whose stomachs were found to be full was low in the winter months; it started to rise with spring and reached the highest level in the autumn months. It was determined that the increase in the total number of stomachs occurred between August and October in relation to the reproductive period. It was found that stomach fullness rates significantly relationship between sex and seasons (p<0.01).
Two-Way and Multiple-Way Shape Memory Polymers for Soft Robotics: An Overview
Authors: Scalet Giulia
Published: February 2020

Shape memory polymers (SMPs) are smart materials capable of changing their shapes in a predefined manner under a proper applied stimulus and have gained considerable interest in several application fields. Particularly, two-way and multiple-way SMPs offer unique opportunities to realize untethered soft robots with programmable morphology and/or properties, repeatable actuation, and advanced multi-functionalities. This review presents the recent progress of soft robots based on two-way and multiple-way thermo-responsive SMPs. All the building blocks important for the design of such robots, i.e., the base materials, manufacturing processes, working mechanisms, and modeling and simulation tools, are covered. Moreover, examples of real-world applications of soft robots and related actuators, challenges, and future directions are discussed.
Rhodotorula toruloides Single Cell Oil Production Using Eucalyptus urograndis Hemicellulose Hydrolysate as a Carbon Source
Authors: Lopes Helberth Júnnior Santos , Bonturi Nemailla , Miranda Everson Alves
Published: February 2020

Microbial oil is a potential substitute for vegetable oils in the biodiesel industry. Efforts to obtain cheap carbon sources for the cultivation of lipid-producing microorganisms comprise an active research area. This work aimed to extract the hemicellulose fraction from Eucalyptus uograndis and to use its hydrolysate as a carbon source for Rhodotorula toruloides (an oleaginous yeast) cultivation for microbial oil production. Hemicellulose hydrothermal extractions were performed at different temperatures, times, and ratios of solid to liquid (S/L). Temperature and time showed a stronger effect on the solubilization of hemicellulose. Hemicellulose extraction at 155 °C, 195 min, and an S/L ratio of 1/2 resulted in a hydrolysate with a xylose content of 37.0 g/l. R. toruloides cultivation in this hydrolysate showed that initial pH had a strong influence on cell growth. At an initial pH of 6.2, cells grew to 6.0 g/l of biomass with a lipid content of 50%. Therefore, we believe that E. urograndis hemicellulose hydrolysate could be a potential substrate for R. toruloides for lipid production based on the biorefinery concept.
Effects of Temperature on the Flow and Heat Transfer in Gel Fuels: A Numerical Study
Authors: Cao Qin-Liu , Wu Wei-Tao , Liao Wen-He , Feng Feng , Massoudi Mehrdad
Published: February 2020

In general, rheological properties of gelled fuels change dramatically when temperature changes. In this work, we investigate flow and heat transfer of water-gel in a straight pipe and a tapered injector for non-isothermal conditions, which mimic the situations when gelled fuels are used in propulsion systems. The gel-fluid is modeled as a non-Newtonian fluid, where the viscosity depends on the shear rate and the temperature; a correlation fitted with experimental data is used. For the fully developed flow in a straight pipe with heating, the mean apparent viscosity at the cross section when the temperature is high is only 44% of the case with low temperature; this indicates that it is feasible to control the viscosity of gel fuel by proper thermal design of pipes. For the flow in the typical tapered injector, larger temperature gradients along the radial direction results in a more obvious plug flow; that is, when the fuel is heated the viscosity near the wall is significantly reduced, but the effect is not obvious in the area far away from the wall. Therefore, for the case of the tapered injector, as the temperature of the heating wall increases, the mean apparent viscosity at the outlet decreases first and increases then due to the high viscosity plug formed near the channel center, which encourages further proper design of the injector in future. Furthermore, the layer of low viscosity near the walls plays a role similar to lubrication, thus the supply pressure of the transport system is significantly reduced; the pressure drop for high temperature is only 62% of that of low temperature. It should be noticed that for a propellent system the heating source is almost free; therefore, by introducing a proper thermal design of the transport system, the viscosity of the gelled fuel can be greatly reduced, thus reducing the power input to the supply pressure at a lower cost.
Relation Between Mean Fluid Temperature and Outlet Temperature for Single U-Tube Boreholes
Authors: Jahanbin Aminhossein , Naldi Claudia , Zanchini Enzo
Published: February 2020

Ground-coupled heat pump (GCHP) systems usually utilize buried vertical heat exchangers, named borehole heat exchangers (BHEs). The accurate design or simulation of a GCHP system requires the calculation of the time-dependent outlet temperature from the BHEs, Tout. However, the most widely employed BHE simulation models yield the time evolution either of the mean temperature of the BHE-ground surface, Tsm, or of that of the fluid, Tfm. In transient regime, it is not easy to relate Tout to either Tsm or Tfm. In this paper we determine, through 3D finite element simulations, simple expressions of a dimensionless coefficient φ allowing the calculation of Tout by means of a simulation model that yields Tfm. These expressions hold for single U-tube BHEs, both in quasi-steady and in unsteady working conditions. We validate our 3D simulation code by comparison with an analytical BHE model. Then, we present applications of our expressions of φ to calculate the time-dependent values of Tout through a BHE model that yields those of Tfm. Finally, we show that the values of φ in quasi-steady working conditions can be used for a simple calculation of the effective borehole thermal resistance.
Energy Efficiency of a Solar Wall with Transparent Insulation in Polish Climatic Conditions
Authors: Świrska-Perkowska Jadwiga , Kucharczyk Andrzej , Wyrwał Jerzy
Published: February 2020

A numerical model of a solar wall (SW) with transparent insulation (TI) is proposed in this article. The model is based on the finite-difference method and thermal conductivity equation, with a heat source term for the absorber. Using this model, the energy efficiency of a solar wall with transparent insulation (SW-TI) with honeycomb insulation made of modified cellulose acetate was analyzed in the case of different climatic conditions prevailing in Poland, different orientations of the envelope, and different insulation thicknesses. Simulations were carried out throughout the whole heating period. Monthly energy balances and temperature distributions for the analyzed envelopes at individual moments of the heating period are the basic results of the simulations. It was found that the use of 108 and 88 mm thick insulation was the most recommended in the considered temperate climate. Placing transparent insulation on a wall with an eastern or western orientation caused the annual heat balance of the envelope to decrease by 24–31% in relation to the value of this balance in the case of a southern orientation. The monthly heat balances obtained using the proposed model give results consistent with the method of calculating heat gains for opaque building envelopes with transparent insulation included in the PN-EN ISO 13790:2008 standard.
A Multivariate Statistics-Based Approach for Detecting Diesel Engine Faults with Weak Signatures
Authors: Wang Jinxin , Zhang Chi , Ma Xiuzhen , Wang Zhongwei , Xu Yuandong , Cattley Robert
Published: February 2020

The problem of timely detecting the engine faults that make engine operating parameters exceed their control limits has been well-solved. However, in practice, a fault of a diesel engine can be present with weak signatures, with the parameters fluctuating within their control limits when the fault occurs. The weak signatures of engine faults bring considerable difficulties to the effective condition monitoring of diesel engines. In this paper, a multivariate statistics-based fault detection approach is proposed to monitor engine faults with weak signatures by taking the correlation of various parameters into consideration. This approach firstly uses principal component analysis (PCA) to project the engine observations into a principal component subspace (PCS) and a residual subspace (RS). Two statistics, i.e., Hotelling’s T 2 and Q statistics, are then introduced to detect deviations in the PCS and the RS, respectively. The Hotelling’s T 2 and Q statistics are constructed by taking the correlation of various parameters into consideration, so that faults with weak signatures can be effectively detected via these two statistics. In order to reasonably determine the control limits of the statistics, adaptive kernel density estimation (KDE) is utilized to estimate the probability density functions (PDFs) of Hotelling’s T 2 and Q statistics. The control limits are accordingly derived from the PDFs by giving a desired confidence level. The proposed approach is demonstrated by using a marine diesel engine. Experimental results show that the proposed approach can effectively detect engine faults with weak signatures.
Endurance Training vs. Circuit Resistance Training: Effects on Lipid Profile and Anthropometric/Body Composition Status in Healthy Young Adult Women
Authors: Beqa Ahmeti Gentiana , Idrizovic Kemal , Elezi Abdulla , Zenic Natasa , Ostojic Ljerka
Published: February 2020

Background: Endurance training (ET) and resistance training (RT) are known to be effective in improving anthropometric/body composition and lipid panel indicators, but there is an evident lack of studies on differential effects of these two forms of physical exercise (PE). This study aimed to evaluate the differential effects of 8-week ET and RT among young adult women. Methods: Participants were women (n = 57; age: 23 ± 3 years; initial body height: 165 ± 6 cm; body mass: 66.79 ± 7.23 kg; BMI: 24.37 ± 2.57 kg/m2) divided into the ET group (n = 20), RT group (n = 19), and non-exercising control group (n = 18). All participants were tested for cardiovascular risk factors (CRF), including total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL), triglycerides, glucose, and anthropometric/body composition (body mass, body mass index, skinfold measures, body fat %) at the beginning and at the end of the study. Over the 8 weeks, the ET group trained three times/week on a treadmill while the RT group participated in equal number of circuit weight training sessions. Both types of training were planned according to participants’ pre-study fitness status. Results: A two-factor analysis of variance for repeated measurements (“group” × “measurement”) revealed significant main effects for “measurement” in CRF. The “group × measurement” interaction was significant for CRF. The post-hoc analysis indicated significant improvements in CRF for RT and ET. No significant differential effects between RT and ET were evidenced. Conclusions: The results of this study evidence improvements of CRF in young adult women as a result of 8-week ET and RT. The lack of differential training-effects may be attributed to the fact that all participants underwent pre-study screening of their fitness status, which resulted in application of accurate training loads.
Immunological Pattern in IgA Nephropathy
Authors: Esteve Cols Clara , Graterol Torres Freddzia-Amanda , Quirant Sánchez Bibiana , Marco Rusiñol Helena , Navarro Díaz Maruja Isabel , Ara del Rey Jordi , Martínez Cáceres Eva Mª
Published: February 2020

The current gold-standard diagnostic technique for IgA nephropathy (IgAN), the leading form of primary glomerulonephritis, is renal biopsy. CD89 (the main IgA receptor) is expressed on the surface of monocytes and plays a role in disease pathogenesis. Immunocomplexes formed by sCD89 (soluble form) and Gd-IgA1 are related to disease prognosis. We hypothesize that reduced CD89 surface expression on monocytes may be a marker of disease severity. We aimed to analyze leukocyte subpopulations in peripheral blood and CD89 surface expression on monocytes in a prospective study of 22 patients and 12 healthy subjects (HS). Leukocyte subpopulations and CD89 expression were analyzed by flow cytometry. IgAN patients had a higher percentage of activated and effector memory CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes, a lower percentage of transitional B lymphocytes and plasmablasts, and a higher percentage of CD56dimCD16+ NK cells and myeloid dendritic cells compared with HS. Correlations between reduced CD89 expression levels on nonclassical monocytes, histological findings of a poor prognosis on renal biopsy and baseline renal function were observed. IgAN patients show a characteristic immunological pattern in peripheral blood. A reduced expression level of CD89 on nonclassical monocytes identifies patients with a worse renal prognosis.
ZnO Nanoflower-Based NanoPCR as an Efficient Diagnostic Tool for Quick Diagnosis of Canine Vector-Borne Pathogens
Authors: Upadhyay Archana , Yang Huan , Zaman Bilal , Zhang Lei , Wu Yundi , Wang Jinhua , Zhao Jianguo , Liao Chenghong , Han Qian
Published: February 2020

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a unique technique in molecular biology and biotechnology for amplifying target DNA strands, and is also considered as a gold standard for the diagnosis of many canine diseases as well as many other infectious diseases. However, PCR still faces many challenges and issues related to its sensitivity, specificity, efficiency, and turnaround time. To address these issues, we described the use of unique ZnO nanoflowers in PCR reaction and an efficient ZnO nanoflower-based PCR (nanoPCR) for the molecular diagnosis of canine vector-borne diseases (CVBDs). A total of 1 mM of an aqueous solution of ZnO nanoflowers incorporated in PCR showed a significant enhancement of the PCR assay with respect to its sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of two important CVBDs, Babesia canis vogeli and Hepatozoon canis. Interestingly, it drastically reduced the turnaround time of the PCR assay without compromising the yield of the amplified DNA, which can be of benefit for veterinary practitioners for the improved management of diseases. This can be attributed to the favorable adsorption of ZnO nanoflowers to the DNA and thermal conductivity of ZnO nanoflowers. The unique ZnO nanoflower-assisted nanoPCR greatly improved the yield, purity, and quality of the amplified products, but the mechanism behind these properties and the effects and changes due to the different concentrations of ZnO nanoflowers in the PCR system needs to be further studied.
Human Neutrophil Granule Exocytosis in Response to Mycobacterium smegmatis
Authors: Miralda Irina , Klaes Christopher K. , Graham James E. , Uriarte Silvia M.
Published: February 2020

Mycobacterium smegmatis rarely causes disease in the immunocompetent, but reported cases of soft tissue infection describe abscess formation requiring surgical debridement for resolution. Neutrophils are the first innate immune cells to accumulate at sites of bacterial infection, where reactive oxygen species and proteolytic enzymes are used to kill microbial invaders. As these phagocytic cells play central roles in protection from most bacteria, we assessed human neutrophil phagocytosis and granule exocytosis in response to serum opsonized or non-opsonized M. smegmatis mc2. Although phagocytosis was enhanced by serum opsonization, M. smegmatis did not induce exocytosis of secretory vesicles or azurophilic granules at any time point tested, with or without serum opsonization. At early time points, opsonized M. smegmatis induced significant gelatinase granule exocytosis compared to non-opsonized bacteria. Differences in granule release between opsonized and non-opsonized M. smegmatis decreased in magnitude over the time course examined, with bacteria also evoking specific granule exocytosis by six hours after addition to cultured primary single-donor human neutrophils. Supernatants from neutrophils challenged with opsonized M. smegmatis were able to digest gelatin, suggesting that complement and gelatinase granule exocytosis can contribute to neutrophil-mediated tissue damage seen in these rare soft tissue infections.
Evaluation of Biocontrol Activities of Streptomyces spp. against Rice Blast Disease Fungi
Authors: Chaiharn Mathurot , Theantana Teerayut , Pathom-aree Wasu
Published: February 2020

Rhizosphere bacteria can positively influence plant growth by direct and indirect mechanisms. A total of 112 bacterial strains were isolated from the rhizosphere of rice and tested for plant beneficial activities such as siderophore production, cell-wall-degrading enzyme production, hydrogen cyanide (HCN) production and antifungal activity against rice blast disease fungus. The actinomycetes count was 3.8 × 106 CFU/g soil. Streptomyces strains PC 12, D 4.1, D 4.3 and W1 showed strong growth inhibition of blast disease fungus, Pyricularia sp. (87.3%, 82.2%, 80.0% and 80.5%) in vitro. Greenhouse experiments revealed that rice plants treated with Streptomyces strain PC 12 recorded maximum plant height, root length and root dry weight compared to the control. Taxonomic characterization of this strain on the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence led to its identification as Streptomyces palmae PC 12. Streptomyces palmae PC 12 may be used as biofertilizer to enhance the growth and productivity of commercially important rice cultivar RD6 and the biocontrol of blast disease fungus.
Therapeutic Effects of Atranorin towards the Proliferation of Babesia and Theileria Parasites
Authors: Beshbishy Amany Magdy , Batiha Gaber El-Saber , Alkazmi Luay , Nadwa Eman , Rashwan Eman , Abdeen Ahmed , Yokoyama Naoaki , Igarashi Ikuo
Published: February 2020

Atranorin (ATR), is a compound with multidirectional biological activity under different in vitro and in vivo conditions and it is effective as an antibacterial, antiviral, antiprotozoal and anti-inflammatory agent. In the current study, the in vitro as well as in vivo chemotherapeutic effect of ATR as well as its combined efficacy with the existing antibabesial drugs (diminazene aceturate (DA), atovaquone (AV) and clofazimine (CF)) were investigated on six species of piroplasm parasites. ATR suppressed B. bovis, B. bigemina, B. divergens, B. caballi and T. equi multiplication in vitro with IC50 values of 98.4 ± 4.2, 64.5 ± 3.9, 45.2 ± 5.9, 46.6 ± 2.5, and 71.3 ± 2.7 µM, respectively. The CCK test was used to examine ATR’s cytotoxicity and adverse effects on different animal and human cell lines, the main hosts of piroplasm parasites and it showed that ATR affected human foreskin fibroblasts (HFF), mouse embryonic fibroblast (NIH/3T3) and Madin-Darby Bovine Kidney (MDBK) cell viability in a dose-related effect with a moderate selective index. The combined efficacy of ATR with DA, CF, and AV exhibited a synergistic and additive efficacy toward all tested species. In the in vivo experiment, ATR prohibited B. microti multiplication in mice by 68.17%. The ATR-DA and ATR-AV combination chemotherapies were more potent than ATR monotherapy. These results indicate the prospects of ATR as a drug candidate for piroplasmosis treatment.
HPV Oncoproteins and the Ubiquitin Proteasome System: A Signature of Malignancy?
Authors: Đukić Anamaria , Lulić Lucija , Thomas Miranda , Skelin Josipa , Bennett Saidu Nathaniel Edward , Grce Magdalena , Banks Lawrence , Tomaić Vjekoslav
Published: February 2020

Human papillomavirus (HPV) E6 and E7 oncoproteins are critical for development and maintenance of the malignant phenotype in HPV-induced cancers. These two viral oncoproteins interfere with a plethora of cellular pathways, including the regulation of cell cycle and the control of apoptosis, which are critical in maintaining normal cellular functions. E6 and E7 bind directly with certain components of the Ubiquitin Proteasome System (UPS), enabling them to manipulate a number of important cellular pathways. These activities are the means by which HPV establishes an environment supporting the normal viral life cycle, however in some instances they can also lead to the development of malignancy. In this review, we have discussed how E6 and E7 oncoproteins from alpha and beta HPV types interact with the components of the UPS, and how this interplay contributes to the development of cancer.
Characteristics of Commuters’ Single-Bicycle Crashes in Insurance Data
Authors: Utriainen Roni
Published: February 2020

In order to maximize the public health benefits of cycling, the negative impacts of cycling, such as the number and types of crashes, should be identified. Single-bicycle crashes, in which other road users are not collided with, are one of the main safety concerns in cycling, but comprehensive knowledge on these crashes is not available due to poor data sources. This study aimed to identify characteristics of commuters’ single-bicycle crashes in Finland. Firstly, insurance data covering 9268 commuter bicycle crashes in 2016 and 2017 were analyzed to find single-bicycle crashes. The insurance data are based on self-reported crashes. In total, 3448 single-bicycle crashes were found with crash descriptions that were informative enough for investigation of their characteristics. According to the results, 62.9% (95% confidence interval +/− 1.6%) of the crashes were related to the infrastructure. In the majority of infrastructure-related crashes, the road surface was slippery. The slippery road surface was typically due to icy or snowy conditions. The lack of proper data complicates the recognition of single-bicycle crashes, and hence policy actions and research projects are needed to develop better data sources for proper investigation of cycling safety.
Measles Immunization Policies and Vaccination Coverage in EU/EEA Countries over the Last Decade
Authors: Montalti Marco , Kawalec Anna , Leoni Erica , Dallolio Laura
Published: February 2020

Background: Starting from 2016, a major measles epidemic affected EU/EEA countries, after the measles incidence rate had progressively decreased from 2011 to 2015. Methods: This study describes measles incidences (ECDC reports), the vaccination coverages (VCs) (WHO/UNICEF reports) and the vaccination strategies, whether mandatory or recommended (ECDC Vaccine Scheduler), in 30 European countries over the last decade. Results: VCs were higher in countries with historically mandatory vaccination. However, in these countries, VCs declined between 2010 and 2018, in two cases to levels below 90% at the second dose. Instead, 9 and 12 countries with recommended vaccination increased their VCs, respectively, for the first and the second dose. Overall, the countries with VC ≥ 95% decreased from 20 to 15 for the first dose and from 10 to 7 for the second dose. This trend led Italy, France and Germany to make vaccination mandatory. In Italy this provision was introduced in 2017, and together with the catch-up campaigns on children between 1 and 15 years at school entry, led immediately to a strong effect: the first dose VC passed from 87% in 2016 to 93% in 2018, and from 82% to 89% for the second dose. Conclusions: Mandatory vaccination is certainly a policy producing positive effects; however, it seems to require additional strategies in order to reach the WHO goal of 95% of VC. Measures such as catch-up action on susceptible populations and communication strategies aimed at increasing awareness and acceptance should be considered.
Targeted Delivery of Mannosylated Nanoparticles Improve Prophylactic Efficacy of Immersion Vaccine against Fish Viral Disease
Authors: Zhu Bin , Zhang Chen , Zhao Zhao , Wang Gao-Xue
Published: February 2020

Immersion vaccination is considered as the most effective method for juvenile fish in preventing viral disease, due to its convenience for mass vaccination and stress-free administration. However, immune responses following immersion vaccination are generally less robust and of shorter duration than those induced through intraperitoneal injection. Herein, to improve the efficacy of the immersion vaccine, we constructed a targeted single-walled carbon nanotubes-based immersion vaccine delivery system (CNTs-M-VP7), the surface of which are modified with mannose to allow antigen-presenting cells’ (APCs) targeting. The targeting ability of CNTs-M-VP7 was confirmed in vivo and in vitro. Critically, this immersion CNTs-M-VP7 vaccine could cross into the fish body through mucosal tissues (skin, gill, and intestine), and then present to immune-related tissues. Moreover, CNTs-M-VP7 could significantly induce the maturation and presenting process of APCs, which would then trigger robust immune responses. Altogether, this study demonstrates that the single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs)-based targeted nanovaccine delivery system shows the potential to be an effective prophylactic against fish viral disease.
BUSINESS DAN DATA UNDERSTANDING DALAM RANGKA PEMBENTUKAN MODEL TATA LETAK DAN TATA RUANG PASAR TRADISIONAL DALAM RANGKA MENINGKATKAN LABA PENJUALAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE ASSOCIATION RULE DAN DECISION TREE (STUDI KASUS DI KOTA BANDUNG
Authors: Sabariah Mira Kania
Published: February 2020

Pembentukan model atau pola dari sekumpulan data menggunakan teknik data mining merupakan salah satu usaha yang bisa dilakukan untuk mendapatkan kualitas informasi yang lebih baik. Kualitas informasi yang lebih baik tentunya akan berdampak pada kualitas keputusan yang diambil oleh para pengambil keputusan untuk menunjang proses bisnis yang berjalan di suatu instansi. Semakin berkualitas keputusan yang diambil maka akan semakin baik juga proses bisnis yang dijalankan di instansi tersebut. Hal ini juga berlaku pada pasar tradisional yang bergerak di perekonomian. Regulasi tentang tata letak pasar dan tata ruang pasar bisa menjadi salah satu penentu apakah pasar tersebut akan menjadi pasar yang memiliki tingkat pertumbuhan ekonomi yang tinggi atau tidak. Pola dari data mining bisa digunakan untuk membantu dalam pembuatan regulasi tersebut. Tentunya proses data mining yang akan dilakukan membutuhkan pemahaman terhadap kebutuhan bisnis dan data yang nantinya akan digunakan dalam proses data mining itu sendiri. Oleh karena itu, dalam penelitian kali ini akan dibahas masalah pemahaman tujuan bisnis dan data yang akan digunakan pada proses data mining untuk menentukan tata letak strategis dan tata ruang pasar tradisional dalam rangka menaikkan laba penjualan. Sebagai studi kasus akan digunakan data pasar tradisional yang ada di kota Bandung.
SISTEM INFORMASI STATUS LINGKUNGAN HIDUP DAERAH PADA PUSAT PENGELOLAAN EKOREGION SUMATERA DENGAN KONSEP OBJECT ORIENTED
Authors: Novita Rice , Agustin Veni
Published: February 2020

Pusat Pengelolaan Ekoregion Sumatera(PPE Sumatera) merupakan sebuah instansipemerintah (Government Organitation) yangbernaung dibawah Kementerian Lingkungan HidupRepublik Indonesia. Salah satu tugas PPE Sumaterayang paling penting adalah melakukan pelaporankepada kantor pusat tentang Status LingkunganHidup Daerah (SLHD) pada setiap Provinsi yangada di Sumatera. Adapun kendala yang dihadapiPPE Sumatera yaitu proses perekapan data yangterlalu banyak akibatnya laporan sering terlambatdiberikan kepada kantor pusat di Jakarta padahal halini sangat penting bagi kantor pusat untukmengambil sebuah keputusan daerah-daerah manayang perlu adanya perbaikan. Untuk mengurangikendala tersebut maka diberilah sebuah solusidengan menerapkan sistem informasi berbasis Web,yang bisa diakses melalui jarak yang jauh. Alatbantu yang digunakan dalam menganalisa danmerancang sistem ini yaitu dengan Object OrientedAnalyst Design (OOAD). Dengan adanya sisteminformasi status lingkungan hidup ini dapatmemberikan kemudahan terhadap sistem yang akandigunakan dalam proses penginputan data,penghapusan data, pengelolaan data, dan juga padaproses pelaporan SLHD menjadi lebih cepat danakurat
PEMBANGUNAN SISTEM PENDETEKSI PENYALAHGUNAAN NARKOBA MENGGUNAKAN ALGORITMA JARINGAN SYARAF TIRUAN METODE BACKPROPAGATION
Authors: Widiastuti Nelly Indriani , Pangrestu Dwi Putri
Published: February 2020

Badan Narkotika Nasional (BNN) mencatat hingga tahun 2013 jumlah penyalahguna narkoba di Indonesia mencapai empat juta jiwa. Penyalahgunaan narkoba memberikan banyak dampak negatif baik dari segi psikis, fisik maupun sosial. Salah satu cara menanggulangi masalah tersebut adalah memberikan rehabilitasi bagi para pecandu narkoba. Sebelum rehabilitasi, mereka akan menghadapi serangkaian tes untuk mengetahui jenis narkoba yang disalahgunakan. Tes yang sering digunakan adalah tes urin, darah, dan lain-lain. Namun kendala waktu, biaya serta fasilitas yang minim di beberapa daerah membuat pendeteksian seseorang menderita narkoba menjadi terhambat.Berdasarkan hal di atas, dibangunlah suatu sistem pendeteksi penyalahgunaan narkoba menggunakan algoritma jaringan syaraf tiruan (JST) metode backpropagation. Jaringan syaraf tiruan yang dibentuk terdiri atas lapisan masukan yang merupakan representasi dari gejala efek samping penyalahgunaan narkoba, lapisan tersembunyi adalah hasil proses konvergensi dengan epoch terkecil dan lapisan keluaran merupakan representasi dari output yang diharapkan yaitu Narkotika, Psikotropika, dan Zat Adiktif Lain.