bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Puissance et enjeu de l'interprétation judiciaire de la loi. Approche pratique à partir d'un cas de responsabilité médicale
Authors: Canivet Guy
Published: December 2020

Dans tous les systèmes juridiques, en droit civil comme en Common Law, la littérature théorique relative à l'interprétation de la loi par le juge est considérable. Entre ceux qui estiment que ce pouvoir de dire le droit est inhérent à la fonction de juger et ceux qui le dénoncent comme une manifestation du « gouvernement des juges » contraire à la souveraineté du législateur comme au principe de séparation des pouvoirs, entre ceux qui définissent l'interprétation comme un acte de connaissance et ceux qui en font un acte de volonté, ceux qui défendent une conception littérale et ceux qui militent pour une vision contextuelle de la juris dictio, toutes les opinions ont été - et sont encore - soutenues. Toutefois, pour bien comprendre la puissance et les enjeux de l'interprétation juridictionnelle de la norme écrite, il est utile de l'aborder d'un point de vue pratique, à partir d'un cas significatif. Dans une telle perspective, plus qu'une illustration, le contentieux fortement médiatisé de la responsabilité du médecin en cas de faute dans le dépistage prénatal du handicap génétique grave, qui a donné lieu au début des années 2000, à une série d'arrêts de l'assemblée plénière de la Cour de cassation dans un contexte paroxystique, est tout particulièrement révélateur des diverses forces, politiques, académiques, économiques et sociales pesant sur la fonction normative du juge sans pour autant en réduire l'effectivité. Avec un recul de vingt ans, la chronique de cette crise impose une réflexion sur la responsabilité sociale du juge et sur son incidence sur l'autorité de sa juridiction.
L'office du juge : un éclairage via la modélisation mathématique
Authors: Lévy Véhe Jacques
Published: December 2020

En analysant finement la jurisprudence dans un domaine donné du droit à la lumière de critères précisément définis, il est possible de construire des modèles mathématiques du processus de décision judiciaire. De tels modèles sont probabilistes, ce qui signifie qu'ils sont capables de rendre compte de l'ensemble des issues possibles d'une procédure, reflétant ainsi l'aléa inhérent à toute action contentieuse. Disposer d'un modèle permet de procéder à des « expériences numériques » et ainsi de répondre à diverses questions sur la façon dont les éléments d'un dossier sont pris en considération par les juges pour rendre leurs décisions.
Variations sur un dispositif sociopsychanalytique d’expression collective en milieu éducatif
Authors: Inizan-Vrinat Françoise
Published: December 2020

Le dispositif d’expression collective des élèves ( dece ), méthode sociopsychanalytique appliquée aux établissements scolaires, existe depuis le début des années 1980. Il vise l’expression collective et la socialisation des élèves. Il a été expérimenté dans des centaines de classes et a traversé les épreuves de changements sociétaux. Cet article met en lumière, à partir de la description d’interventions récentes à l’école et dans une association de parents d’enfants autistes, quelques questions que cette traversée pose et les aménagements de la méthode que ces changements ont imposés. Toutes ces années ont montré que le cadre du dispositif sociopsychanalytique, aussi structuré soit-il, et sans que sa logique d’ensemble et son paradigme en soient modifiés, change – comme changent la société et les êtres qui viennent à sa rencontre.
L’empan liminal, un analyseur d’une institution intermittente
Authors: de Saint Martin Claire
Published: December 2020

La socioclinique institutionnelle constitue une modalité d’intervention qui poursuit les travaux de l’analyse institutionnelle. Inscrite dans un processus de recherche avec, elle peut placer l’institution ainsi créée en situation liminale. L’empan liminal, désignant différentes situations plaçant les acteurs de l’institution aux marges de celle-ci, met en exergue les contradictions des institutions traversées. Une intervention socioclinique institutionnelle menée sur le processus inclusif par une formation théâtrale permet d’en analyser les effets : la déstabilisation produite, les enjeux institutionnels, le renouvellement de l’intervention institutionnelle. Elle montre ainsi le dynamisme du concept d’institution.
La consultation de santé au travail : un espace transitionnel au sein de l’institution aux prises avec les injonctions du nouveau management public
Authors: Froment Myriam , Garcia Frédéric , Ferret-Bosch Célye
Published: December 2020

Notre société fait face à des mouvements contradictoires : les institutions sont plébiscitées et rejetées, entre attente abyssale d’aide, nécessaire affiliation pour les solliciter et défiance. Après avoir mentionné certains fondements théoriques des dispositifs d’accompagnement, l’objectif des auteurs est d’éclaircir le positionnement de la consultation de santé au travail au sein de l’institution en tant que gage de neutralité, de sérieux et d’authenticité. Les psychologues sont intriqués dans des mouvements paradoxaux dont ils tentent de se dégager afin de gagner en neutralité tout en s’affiliant à la fois à l’institution et aux bénéficiaires de leurs dispositifs. La consultation en santé au travail doit garantir la sécurité psychique des personnels. Quelles sont les collusions ou antagonismes auxquels font face les psychologues ? Quelle préemption est à l’œuvre entre les valeurs de l’institution, du service public, du psychologue et les attentes des agents ?
Les marchés publics resteront-ils le domaine privilégié de la corruption politico-administrative ?
Authors: Prébissy-Schnall Catherine
Published: December 2020

L’objectif de cet article est de montrer d’une part les insuffisances de la réponse pénale dans la lutte contre la corruption dans les marchés publics et d’autre part la nécessité de mettre en place une nouvelle stratégie globale d’intégrité qui se fonde sur des dispositifs complémentaires de vigilance déontologique et de transparence suscitée par les procédures électroniques de passation des marchés.
La coordination au sein des gouvernements du Canada et du Québec : à la recherche de l’équilibre entre contrôle et efficacité
Authors: Bourgault Jacques , Smits Pernelle
Published: December 2020

Dans le cadre d’un besoin renouvelé de coordination pour les administrations, cet article passe en revue aussi bien les instruments et les pratiques que les tensions et les défis de la coordination dans les administrations du Canada et du Québec. Une partie considère le niveau pangouvernemental, notamment sous l’angle des structures. Une seconde partie aborde les procédures de coordination tandis qu’une troisième traite de la culture comme instrument de coordination. Une dernière partie scrute les pratiques et défis de la coordination au sein même des ministères et dans le cadre particulier d’un État fédéral comme le Canada.
Coexistent Retinoblastoma and Retinopathy of Prematurity in a Preterm Infant
Authors: Das Abhishek , Ranjan Ratnesh , Shah Parag K.
Published: December 2020

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2020;51:732.]
On ideal $ t $-tuple distribution of orthogonal functions in filtering de bruijn generators
Authors: Mandal Kalikinkar , Gong Guang
Published: December 2020

Uniformity in binary tuples of various lengths in a pseudorandom sequence is an important randomness property. We consider ideal \begin{document}$ t $\end{document}-tuple distribution of a filtering de Bruijn generator consisting of a de Bruijn sequence of period \begin{document}$ 2^n $\end{document} and a filtering function in \begin{document}$ m $\end{document} variables. We restrict ourselves to the family of orthogonal functions, that correspond to binary sequences with ideal 2-level autocorrelation, used as filtering functions. After the twenty years of discovery of Welch-Gong (WG) transformations, there are no much significant results on randomness of WG transformation sequences. In this article, we present new results on uniformity of the WG transform of orthogonal functions on de Bruijn sequences. First, we introduce a new property, called invariant under the WG transform, of Boolean functions. We have found that there are only two classes of orthogonal functions whose WG transformations preserve \begin{document}$ t $\end{document}-tuple uniformity in output sequences, up to \begin{document}$ t = (n-m+1) $\end{document}. The conjecture of Mandal et al. in [29] about the ideal tuple distribution on the WG transformation is proved. It is also shown that the Gold functions and quadratic functions can guarantee \begin{document}$ (n-m+1) $\end{document}-tuple distributions. A connection between the ideal tuple distribution and the invariance under WG transform property is established.
Filter with its applications in fuzzy soft topological spaces
Authors: Gao Rui ,   College of Mathematics Science, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215009, P. R. China, Wu Jianrong
Published: December 2020

In this paper, we introduce the convergence of a fuzzy soft filter with the help of the Q-neighborhoods and study the relations between fuzzy soft nets and fuzzy soft filters. In addition, we use fuzzy soft filters to characterize some basic concepts of a fuzzy soft topological space, such as open sets, closure, T2 separation and continuity.
Stability of N-D transmission problem in viscoelasticity with localized Kelvin-Voigt damping under different types of geometric conditions
Authors: Wehbe Ali , Nasser Rayan , Noun Nahla
Published: December 2020

We investigate a multidimensional transmission problem between viscoelastic system with localized Kelvin-Voigt damping and purely elastic system under different types of geometric conditions. The Kelvin-Voigt damping is localized via non smooth coefficient in a suitable subdomain. It was shown that the discontinuity of the material coefficient along the interface elastic/viscoelastic can't assure an exponential stability of the total system. So, it is natural to hope for a polynomial stability result under certain geometric conditions on the damping region. For this aim, using frequency domain approach combined with a new multiplier technic, we will establish a polynomial energy decay estimate of type \begin{document}$ t^{-1} $\end{document} for smooth initial data. This result is obtained if either one of the geometric assumptions (A1) or (A2) holds (see below). Also, we establish a general polynomial energy decay estimate on a bounded domain where the geometric conditions on the localized viscoelastic damping are violated and we apply it on a square domain where the damping is localized in a vertical strip. However, the energy of our system decays polynomially of type \begin{document}$ t^{-2/5} $\end{document} if the strip is localized near the boundary. Else, it's of type \begin{document}$ t^{-1/3} $\end{document}. The main novelty in this paper is that the geometric situations covered here are richer and less restrictive than those considered in [31], [28], [19] and include in particular an example where the damping region is localized faraway from the boundary. Note that part of the results of this paper was announced in [22].
Claudio Guillén en Harvard, génesis del comparatismo español
Authors: Martín Ezpeleta Antonio
Published: December 2020

En el presente trabajo se reconstruye el paso de Claudio Guillén por la Universidad de Harvard, donde se formó como comparatista junto a varios de los mejores estudiosos del momento, y donde ejerció como profesor durante sus últimos años en Estados Unidos. Esta revisión de la trayectoria profesional y personal de Claudio Guillén ayuda a entender la evolución de la disciplina de la Literatura Comparada en la Universidad de Harvard dentro del marco del comparatismo norteamericano de postguerra, los estudios literarios del propio Claudio Guillén y su esfuerzo por impulsar la disciplina de la Literatura Comparada en España, así como la particular circunstancia social de los intelectuales españoles y sus familias en el exilio. Para todos estos asuntos, la documentación administrativa y personal custodiada en los Archivos de Harvard resulta fundamental.
Horapolo y Alciato en Toledo: lectura en clave emblemática de un poema heroico (Sagrario de Toledo, 1616)
Authors: Azanza López José Javier
Published: December 2020

En 1616 vio la luz el poema heroico Sagrario de Toledo, de José de Valdivielso, escrito por encargo del arzobispo Bernardo de Sandoval con motivo de la inauguración de su capilla catedralicia. Con una doble finalidad devocional y propagandística, en sus octavas reales distribuidas en 25 libros el poeta vuelca toda su erudición. Entre las fuentes que maneja se encuentra la literatura emblemática, con citas explícitas a los Hieroglyphica de Horapolo y al Emblematum liber de Alciato que integra en el argumento del poema para desarrollar conceptos en relación con la dignidad episcopal de san Ildefonso, el combate contra la herejía en defensa de la virginidad de María, la exaltación de la fiesta de la O, y los amores deshonestos de don Rodrigo y La Cava a orillas del Tajo. Poesía y emblemática se enriquecen mutuamente, convirtiéndose en un excepcional ejemplo de la confluencia de géneros en el marco de la cultura visual del Siglo de Oro español.
La sonoridad de la culpa, malos presagios y escenas de horror: a propósito de la asonancia calderoniana en u-a
Authors: Kroll Simon
Published: December 2020

Este artículo trata de analizar las posibles semantizaciones de una determinada asonancia de Pedro Calderón de la Barca. Basándose en una base de datos de las asonancias del dramaturgo, se señala en qué momentos aparece la asonancia u-a y cómo crea, junto a las palabras rimadas, un significado propio. Para este fin se analizan recurrencias de esta asonancia en diferentes géneros de teatro. El artículo defiende la tesis que la asonancia en u-a sirve para la ambientación de escenas de miedo y horror, así como para la creación de efectos sonoros sutiles en los que la estructura fónica de la rima produce efectos de desengaño frente al engaño de la superficie del texto.
Information Support for Travel Agency Performance
Authors: Tarasova Anna , Polukhina Anna , Arnaberdiyev Avdykerim
Published: December 2020

Internet technologies create new platforms for the sale of goods and services, however, their emergence arise new issues of how to attract and retain users. Modern Internet users enjoy freedom of choice, they can easily find travel services, or skip them just by closing the browser tab. That is how Customer Relationship Management (CRM) systems were introduced to build and manage efficiently good user relationships. This article discusses the main functions of CRM, according to the classification of The Center for Research on Information Technology and Organizations (the University of California, Irvine, USA) and considers the potentials of CRM systems on the market for large and small companies.

 

The objective of the paper is to research information technologies that help to attract, retain and work with clients in travel agencies, as well as technologies that open up new platforms for the sale of tourism products, namely online sales. The article also investigates the impact the Internet technologies have on various industries, in particular on the tourism industry.
Discurso sobre las mujeres, a las mujeres y de mujeres en el semanario anarquista El Corsario. A Coruña, 1890-1896
Authors: Brey Gérard
Published: December 2020

Hebdomadaire anarchiste publié à La Corogne à partir de mai 1890, El Corsario est un des rares porte-paroles de l’anarchisme espagnol de la dernière décennie du xixe siècle. Une cinquantaine d’articles, écrits par des femmes ou non, expriment des points de vue sur la place de celles-ci, les relations interpersonnelles, la prostitution, l’exploitation de la travailleuse et la nécessité pour elle de s’organiser collectivement pour y mettre fin ; ou tentent de la mobiliser contre l’envoi de soldats à la guerre de Cuba. Quelques contributions expriment des points de vue nettement féministes, tandis que d’autres, envoyées par des militantes anarchistes, abordent des sujets non strictement féminins, comme la répression.
Sindicalismo y lucha obrera en el textil andaluz a finales del siglo xix
Authors: Morales Muñoz Manuel
Published: December 2020

Afin de faire face aux baisses de salaires imposées par les entrepreneurs de l’industrie textile du coton, les tisserandes et les ouvriers de la Industria Malagueña, le plus grand centre manufacturier d’Andalousie, furent les protagonistes des conflits sociaux les plus graves survenus au cours de la dernière décennie du XIXe siècle. Regroupés au sein des organisations socialistes, ils tentèrent de s’opposer à la pression patronale en recourant à la grève et en prenant des initiatives au cours desquelles ils durent faire face, également, aux pressions et aux menaces des autorités.
Retour sur Manuel Núñez de Arenas (1886-1951). Notes pour une biographie
Authors: Guereña Jean-Louis
Published: December 2020

Nous nous proposons de rappeler, en premier lieu, la contribution décisive de l’hispanisme français et de Manuel Tuñón de Lara en particulier à la connaissance de la biographie de Manuel Núñez de Arenas et de son œuvre, en soulignant son rôle dans la création de l’« École Nouvelle ». Nous signalons ensuite sommairement quelques-unes des sources documentaires dont nous pouvons disposer sur notre personnage, ses archives, sa bibliothèque et sa correspondance, ainsi que quelques indications sur ses propres publications, en particulier ses nombreuses collaborations dans la presse périodique. Nous conclurons ces pages en insistant sur les caractéristiques principales de sa personnalité d’intellectuel engagé dans un combat constant pour l’éducation et la culture populaires.
Solidaridad antifascista francesa y Octubre de 1934
Authors: Ceamanos Llorens Roberto
Published: December 2020

Cet article étudie la solidarité déployée par les antifascistes français en faveur des révolutionnaires d’Octobre 1934. Il s’intéresse aux organisations créées pour coordonner le mouvement, analyse la rivalité entre communistes et socialistes pour le diriger, décrit le large éventail des protestations organisées, ainsi que le réponse des autorités françaises face à la pression espagnole. Tout cela à partir de différentes sources primaires, spécialement celles conservées dans les archives des départements frontaliers, pour la valeur de leurs informations, et vu que, avec la région parisienne, c’est dans ces territoires que la présence espagnole était la plus nombreuse, que c’est là surtout que transitèrent et séjournèrent temporairement les réfugiés et que se déploya la plus grande activité des organisations de solidarité envers les révolutionnaires espagnols.
Propagande catholique et littérature populaire : l’Église face aux défis de la question sociale (1876-1902)
Authors: Hibbs Solange
Published: December 2020

À la fin du xixe siècle et dans les premières décennies du xxe, l’Eglise catholique espagnole, sous l’impulsion des encycliques de Léon xiii et des six Congrès Catholiques Nationaux célébrés de 1889 à 1903, met en œuvre une stratégie offensive de reconquête catholique de la société civile. Pour ce faire, elle tire profit des libertés d’expression et d’association obtenues au lendemain du sexenio et, avec l’appui des laïques et du clergé, elle déploie tous ses efforts pour intensifier une propagande catholique multiforme.
Douglas-fir beetle (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) response to single-point-source 3-methylcyclohex-2-en-1-one (MCH) releasers
Authors: Ross Darrell W. , Sullivan Brian T.
Published: December 2020

The Douglas-fir beetle (Dendroctonus pseudotsugaeHopkins) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) antiaggregation pheromone, 3-methylcyclohex-2-en-1-one (MCH), has been used since 2000 to protect high-value trees and stands throughout western North America. Operational treatments involve placing individual releasers on a 12 m × 12 m grid throughout the area to be protected. In this study, six widely spaced trap lines were established with aggregation attractant–baited traps located 1, 3, 9, 27, and 81 m from a location where an operational MCH release device was alternately either present or absent, and changes in catches caused by the MCH device were assessed at all distances. Trap catches were suppressed by about 70% at one and three metres, by 50% at nine metres, by 30% at 27 m, and not at all at 81 m. Inhibition by the MCH device varied with distance (m) from the source according to the function 0.79 − 0.092x0.51(R2= 0.986). Decline of attractant inhibition with distance from the MCH device was much less steep than would have been expected if catch inhibition had varied directly with the average airborne concentration of MCH.
Urological emergency activities during COVID-19 pandemic: Our experience
Authors: Cicerello Elisa , Mangano Mario S. , Cova Giandavide , Zordani Alessio
Published: December 2020

Background: The Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) is causing a significant health emergency which is overturning dramatically routine activities in hospitals. The outbreak is generating the need to provide assistance to infected patients and in parallel to treat all nondeferrable oncological and urgent benign diseases. A panel of Italian urologists agreed on possible strategies for the reorganization of urological routine practices and on a set of recommendations that should facilitate a further planning of both inpatient visits and surgical activities during the COVID- 19 pandemic. According to this only urgent benign and nondeferrable oncological activities have been kept. Materials and methods: We have considered urgent outpatient visits requested by Emergency Department (ED) or by General Practitioner (GP) and emergency surgical procedures performed in our Urology Unit from March 9th to April 14th 2020, during COVID-19 pandemic. These figures have been compared to those observed last year from March 9th to April 14th 2019. Results: Our data show that urgent care visits decreased during COCID-19 pandemic (from 293 to 179). Urgent care visits of patients who accessed directly to the ED decreased (from 219 to 107) whereas the number of urgent care visits referred by GP remained unchanged (74 vs 72). Consequently, the rate of visits from ED decreased from 75% to 60% and the rate of visit requested by GP increased from 25% to 40% (p = 0.001). Particularly, the rate of visits for renal colic, LUTS and other not precisely defined disorders from ED decreased and the corresponding rates of visits of patients referred by GPs increased significantly (p = 0.0001, p = 0.0180 and p = 0.0185, respectively). The rate of visits for acute urinary retention, hematuria, sepsis, acute scrotum, cystitis, prostatitis and genito-urinary trauma from ED and GP remained unchanged. Finally, urgency endourology and surgical activities have been stable in relation to the same period last year. Conclusions: Urological emergency activities during COVID- 19 pandemic are more appropriate since urgent outpatients’ visits required by ED are decreased and emergency surgical and endourological procedures are stable.
Penile prosthesis and complications: Results from 577 implants
Authors: Pozza Diego , Marcantonio Andrea , Mosca Augusto , Pozza Carlotta
Published: December 2020

Objective: Penile Prosthetic Surgery is already well characterized but the problems connected with possible complications still need to be evaluated and discussed. Material and Methods: The Authors revaluated their experience in Penile Prosthetic Surgery involving 577 patients (18 - 86 years, mean age 51.3 years) operated by the same surgeon since 1984. We implanted 199 silicone-semi-rigid (Small Carrion, Implantal, Eurogest, Subrini, SSDA GS), 200 malleable (Jonas, Omniphase, Duraphase, AMS600, MentorColoplast Genesis, Vedise) and 178 inflatable (Mentor: Mark II, Alpha I, Titan OTR; AMS: mono-component Hydroflex, Dynaflex; bi-component Ambicor; multicomponent: 700 Ultrex, 700 CX, 700 LGX) prostheses. Operative, postoperative, infectious and malfunctioning complications have been recorded. A total of 156 patients drop out at follow-up and we may not exclude possible late complications treated at different hospitals. Results: The recorded complications and the therapeutic modalities utilized to treat them are examined. Operative complications were recorded in 2 malleable prostheses (MPP) and in one inflatable prosthesis (IPP). Postoperative complications have been recorded in three cases of MPP (1.5%) and in 9 IPP (5.0%) and were strictly connected to general medical co-morbidities as diabetes mellitus (DM), coronary artery dysfunction (CAD), and Peyronie’s disease (PD). In three cases of IPP implantation, hematomas were related to the blunt surgical maneuvers utilized to insert the reservoir or the scrotal pumps. Infectious complications were mostly observed in patients with DM: 4 patients with MPP (1.0%) and 15 patients with IPP (8.4%). Malfunction rate of the prostheses in our series was really disappointing considering that 13/17 cases (77%) of mono-component IPP broke while in patients with multicomponent IPP the percentage of malfunction has been of 13/161 (8%) and malfunction was observed in only one case of MPP. We were forced to explant the prostheses in 2 patients with MPP (0.5%) and 40 with IPP (22%). However, after excluding 17 mono-component IPPs, the percentage of explants of multicomponent IPP (23 patients, 4.2%) is in line with other significative experiences. Conclusion: The number of complications of PPS are similar to those reported by well qualified urological institutions. In our experience a scrupulous antibiotic therapeutic schedule, avoiding direct contact between the prostheses and the patient’s skin, reduced time of surgery with surgeon’s experience positively influenced the results.In a limited number of patients medical treatment or minimal surgical acts allowed to solve the complications preserving the prostheses and avoiding the prosthetic explant
Mini invasive approaches in the treatment of small renal masses: TC-guided renal cryoablation in elderly
Authors: Selvaggio Oscar , Silecchia Giovanni , Gravina Matteo , Falagario Ugo Giovanni , Stallone Giovanni , Macarini Luca , Carrieri Giuseppe , Cormio Luigi
Published: December 2020

Background: Today, the goal of surgery is to achieve oncological efficacy with the lowest complication rate. Computed Tomography (CT)-guided cryoablation is proposed as a safe and effective technique. We report, our series of small renal masses treated with cryoablation in elderly (> 70 years). Methods: From May 2014 to April 2019, 32 patients with median (IQR) age of 75.5 years (range 71-80) with small renal masses (< T1a) diagnosis, clinical anesthesia contraindications to nephron-sparing surgery or patient’s will previous informed consent have been selected at our Urology Department. All patients underwent CT-guided cryoablation, preceded by needle biopsy. The cryoablation consisted in a procedure with an argon/helium gas-based system under local anesthesia. The follow-up included CT abdomen at 3, 6 and 12 months. The definition of incomplete treatment was the persistence of the lesion contrast enhancement (CE) at the end of the scan; the definition of relapse was the appearance of the CE to the 6-month control CT.Results: The median follow-up was 30 months (IQR 1-59). The median size of the tumor was 3.85 cm (IQR 1.6-4.5). All patients underwent lesion biopsy resulting in diagnosis of Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) in 29 patients (90.7%) and oncocytoma in 3 patients (9.3%). A median of 2 cryoprobes (IQR 1- 3) was used and 2/3 cycles of freeze-thaw of the duration of 10 minutes or 5 minutes were performed. Complications were: 3 asymptomatic transitional perirenal effusion, 2 lumbar pain well-controlled by analgesic drug. Hospital stay was 2 days (range 1-3). No case showed incomplete treatment and local relapse or metastates at the CT abdomen-pelvis with contrast medium at 12 months. Conclusions: This study shows the efficacy and safety of percutaneous cryoablation of small renal masses in elderly population. The procedure is easy to perform, with low complication rates and well tolerated by the elderly patients.
Congenital Mitral Aortic Intervalvular Fibrosa Aneurysm with Submitral Aneurysm
Authors: Shah Rajesh Krishnachandra
Published: December 2020

Congenital aneurysm of the mitral aortic intervalvular fibrosa (MAIVF) is a relatively rare condition. It was initially described in the African population and subsequently reported in other racial groups. Many of the subaortic aneurysms arise from the MAIVF; association with submitral aneurysm (SMA) is even rare. They more commonly occur as a pseudoaneurysm of the MAIVF-P, which is usually due to a complication of endocarditis or aortic valve surgery. Diagnosis is usually with echocardiography, and complete confirmation and anatomical assessment are done by computerised tomography and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, which are useful for surgical evaluation. Surgery is the only treatment when it is large or symptomatic or has related complications, such as rupture, compression of adjacent structures, embolic events, mitral regurgitation, or heart failure. Here, case is presented of a congenital variety of MAIVF aneurysm with congenital SMA, in a 31-year-old female. She presented with breathlessness. She had mitral regurgitation, and had to undergo surgical repair and mitral valve replacement. This may be the first case reported of a congenital MAIVF aneurysm with a congenital SMA.
Double Outlet Ventricle: Echocardiographic Evaluation
Authors: Singhi Anil Kumar , Sivakumar Kothandam
Published: December 2020

Double outlet ventricle is a type of conoventricular anomaly. The great arteries arise predominantly (more than 50%) from one of the ventricle. The aortomitral discontinuity varies from minimum discontinuity to complete bilateral conal tissue. Both right and left ventricles can have double outlet though double outlet right ventricle (DORV) is the most common anomaly in this group of abnormalities. Double outlet left ventricle (DOLV) is relatively rare. There are multiple types of DORV based on the site of ventricular septal defect and great artery relationship and presence or absence of ventricular outflow obstruction. The correct anatomical diagnosis requires a detail segmental approach in echocardiography. The echocardiographic features of DORV reviewed in detail followed by a brief discussion on DOLV.
Echocardiography to Evaluate Pulmonary Stenosis
Authors: Mishra Smita , Lele Praneet
Published: December 2020

Congenital pulmonary stenosis (PS) is a common term for lesions causing right ventricular outflow obstruction. It can be further classified as the valvar, supravalvar, and infundibular PS. The PS may often present with other congenital heart diseases. In this article, echo imaging of isolated PS has been discussed. It is imperative to know that the guideline for intervention in isolated PS is totally based on echocardiography. Echocardiographic guidance is required for the selection of procedure, hardwares, evaluation of the outcome of the procedure, and long-term prognosis.
Coronary Artery Anomalies: Echocardiographic Evaluation
Authors: Gupta Aditi , Tomar Munesh
Published: December 2020

Congenital coronary artery anomalies occur either in isolation or in association with other congenital heart disease. With the advent of multimodality imaging, the number of incidentally detected anomalies of coronary origin has risen over the last decade. The clinical presentation of these anomalies can range from being asymptomatic to serious morbidity and mortality, including sudden cardiac death in children and adolescents. We review the most common coronary anomalies and various echocardiographic views used to image the coronary arteries origin, size, and flow.
Complex Congenital Heart Disease: Echocardiographic Evaluation
Authors: Lakshmivenkateshiah Srinivas , Singh Ashutosh , Bachhav Nilesh
Published: December 2020

Various combinations of congenital heart defects are included in complex congenital heart disease. Various pathologies of cardiac structures have varied embryological dysmorphology. Lesions described are single ventricle pathologies, hypoplastic left heart syndrome, tricuspid atresia, pulmonary atresia and intact ventricular septum, and crisscross atrioventricular connections. Irrespective of underlying structural abnormalities, most of these lesions will need a unified single ventricle pathway of palliative surgeries for continued survival. A few complex lesions are amenable to corrective surgery. Approach to diagnosis, echocardiography of different lesions, a unified approach toward treatment is discussed.
Assessment of Atrioventricular Septal Defect on Echocardiography
Authors: Tomar Munesh
Published: December 2020

Atrioventricular septal defect comprise of 1.4-2.9% of congenital cardiac defect and is most common congenital cardiac defect in Trisomy 21. This anomaly is characterized by a common atrioventricular junction coexisting with atrial and/or ventricular septal defect, cleft of left atrioventriocular valve along with left ventricular outflow tract abnormality. Due to cleft of left atrioventricular valve, valve regurgitation is almost invariably present leading to early onset of congestive cardiac failure in these patients. Other associated structural heart defects are pulmonary stenosis, ductal arteriosus, aortic arch anomalies, pulmonary and systemic venous anomalies and unbalaned atrioventricular valve connection leading to univentricular physiology. Echocardiography plays very crucial role in defning the anomaly and planning management In this article, I am going to focus on role of echocardiography in atrioventricular septal defect.
Sensitizing multi drug resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from surgical site infections to antimicrobials by efflux pump inhibitors
Authors: Amr A Baiomy , Ghada H Shaker , Hisham A Abbas
Published: December 2020

Background: Staphylococcus aureus is a common hospital acquired infections pathogen. Multidrug-resistant Methicillin-resist- ant Staphylococcus aureus represents a major problem in Egyptian hospitals. The over-expression of efflux pumps is a main cause of multidrug resistance. The discovery of efflux pump inhibitors may help fight multidrug resistance by sensitizing bacteria to antibiotics. This study aimed to investigate the role of efflux pumps in multidrug resistance.

Methods: Twenty multidrug resistant S. aureus isolates were selected. Efflux pumps were screened by ethidium bromide agar cartwheel method and polymerase chain reaction. The efflux pump inhibition by seven agents was tested by ethidium bromide agar cartwheel method and the effect on sensitivity to selected antimicrobials was investigated by broth microdilu- tion method.

Results: Seventy percent of isolates showed strong efflux activity, while 30% showed intermediate activity. The efflux genes mdeA, norB, norC, norA and sepA were found to play the major role in efflux, while genes mepA, smr and qacA/B had a minor role. Verapamil and metformin showed significant efflux inhibition and increased the sensitivity to tested antimicrobials, while vildagliptin, atorvastatin, domperidone, mebeverine and nifuroxazide showed no effect.

Conclusion: Efflux pumps are involved in multidrug resistance in Staphylococcus aureus. Efflux pump inhibitors could increase the sensitivity to antimicrobials.

Keywords: Staphylococcus aureus; multidrug resistance; efflux pump inhibitors.
Editor’s choice: this December 2020
Authors: K Tumwine James
Published: December 2020

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Relationship of left ventricular and atrial dimensions with moderate to severe left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (grade II and above)
Authors: Hamza Muhammad , Fatima Mishal , Masood Muhammad , Umar Masood Hafiz , Tasleem Ghazal , Ahmed Hassaan , Nadir Maha , Satti Zubair
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (DD) is an entity in which the ventricle fails to fill up properly due to impaired ventricular relaxation and/or decreased compliance. The diagnosis of diastolic dysfunction is based on a variety of parameters in doppler echocardiograpy. However, some parameters like interventricular septal thickness in diastole (IVSd), posterior wall thickness in diastole (PWd), left ventricular internal end diastolic and systolic diameters (LVIDD and LVISD) along with left atrial diameters (LAD) have yet to be evaluated for the diagnostic workup of DD.

Methods: A case control study was done in the cardiology department from patient records from 2016 to 2018. Patients were diagnosed as diastolic dysfunction grade II and above by doppler echocardiography. IVSd, PWd, LVIDD, LAD, LVISD were obtained through 2-D echocardiography.

Results: Patients with DD had greater LAD, IVSd and PWd and decreased LVIDD and LVISD as compared to control group. Overall, IVSD was the most significant predictor (OR 1.52 95%CI 1.35-1.71) of DD followed by PWd and LAD. Similarly, LAD, IVSd and PWd had higher sensitivity and specificity than LVIDD and LVIDS.

Conclusion: IVSd, LAD and PWd showed significant performance in the diagnosis of diastolic dysfunction and hence can be used as a screening and diagnostic tool in diastolic dysfunction of grade ll and above.

Keywords: Heart failure; diastolic; echocardiography; left ventricle.
Aerobic exercise affects sleep, psychological wellbeing and immune system parameters among subjects with chronic primary insomnia
Authors: M Abd El-Kader Shehab , H Al-Jiffri Osama
Published: December 2020

Background: Chronic primary insomnia is characterized by long-term difficulties in maintaining and initiating sleep, too early waking up, poor mood, fatigue, impaired concentration and poor quality of life. Exercise training is recommended to prevent and alleviate sleep disorders.

Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of aerobic exercise training on quality of sleep, psycho- logical wellbeing and immune system among subjects with chronic primary insomnia.

Material and methods: Eighty previously sedentary subjects with chronic primary insomnia subjects enrolled in this study, their age ranged from 35-56 years. All participants were randomly assigned to supervised aerobic exercise intervention group (group A, n=40) or control group (group B, n=40). Polysomnographic recordings for sleep quality assessment, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Profile of Mood States(POMS), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), number of CD3+,CD4+,CD8+ T cells count and CD4/CD8 ratio were measured before and at the end of the study after six months.

Results: There was a significant increase in the total sleep duration, sleep efficiency and sleep onset latency in group(A) after six months of aerobic exercise training, while, wake time after sleep onset and rapid eye movement (REM) latency significantly reduced after six months of aerobic training compared with values obtained prior to aerobic exercise training. Also, the mean values of BDI, POMS, CD3 count, CD4 count and CD8 count decreased significantly and the mean value of RSES significantly increased in group (A) after the aerobic exercise training, while the results of the control group were not significant. Moreover, there were significant differences between both groups at the end of the study.

Conclusion: Exercise training can be considered as a non-pharmacological modalty for modifying sleep quality, psycholog- ical wellbeing and immune system among subjects with chronic primary insomnia.

Keywords: Aerobic exercise; chronic primary insomnia; immune function; sleep quality; psychological wellbeing.
Bilateral paediatric cataract surgery - outcomes of 298 children from Kinshasa, the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Authors: Kilangalanga Ngoy Janvier , Stahnke Thomas , Dinkulu Serge , Makwanga Emile , Moanda Astrid , Ngweme Georgette , Mukwanseke Edith , Kundt Günther , Thiesen Frank , Hopkins Adrian , F Guthoff Rudolf
Published: December 2020

Introduction: The leading cause of childhood blindness globally is paediatric cataract. Bilateral cataract surgery can help to improve visual performance and to diminish the burden of childhood blindness.

Objective: To report in a retrospective observational cohort study the long-term outcomes of 298 children who had bilat- eral cataract surgery with IOL implantation from 2001-2016 in Kinshasa.

Methods: A standardized surgical treatment of paediatric cataract was practiced on 298 children. Patient’s follow-up, com- plications, and visual outcomes were recorded and analysed.

Results: The mean age was 5.7 ± 4.3 years and males were predominant (64.9%). Most of children were living mainly in urban poorest areas (96.3%). Strabismus, nystagmus and microcornea were encountered in 20.1%, 25.1% and 8.7% of children, respectively. Using WHO criteria most of patients were classified as blind preoperatively and 81.9% of them had improved visual outcomes after surgery. Main reasons for reduced vision during follow-up were secondary cataract (5.7%), IOL decentration (1.2%), retinal detachment (1.2%), and secondary glaucoma (1.5%).

Conclusion: In spite of the post conflict challenges, elimination of cataract blindness in children remains a priority. Children present at a late age for surgery and long term follow-up is poor. There is need for program strengthening in these areas.

Keywords: Paediatric cataract surgery; bilateral cataract; outcomes.
Comparison of breastfeeding self-efficacy and breastfeeding success of obese and normal-weight mothers in the early period
Authors: Ceylan Sinem , Şahin Sevil
Published: December 2020

Background: Body mass index (BMI) of overweight and obese women is a risk factor for breast milk secretion.

Aim: This study was conducted in a descriptive and comparative way in order to identify the relation between the breastfeed- ing success and self-efficacy of obese and non-obese mothers during postnatal period and to make a comparison between the obese and non-obese group.

Methods: The study sample consisted of 113 obese and 111 non-obese mothers that met the study criteria who were hos- pitalized at the postnatal service of Health Education and Research Hospital in Ankara, September 2014-February 2015.

Result: The mean BMI of obese women prior to the pregnancy was 31.41±2.4 while it was 22.25±2.8 for the non-obese women. As the BSS scores increase among both the obese and non-obese mothers, the LATCH breastfeeding success score averages increase as well (p<0.05, r:0.613).

Conclusion: In the light of the data of, to increase the breastfeeding success among obese mothers, it is suggested that the perception of self-efficacy is enhanced, and additional consultation is provided on breastfeeding starting from the antena- tal period. The trainings given to mothers by the midwife and nurse are supported with home visits especially in the obese women in the postnatal period in order for them to breastfeeding.

Keywords: Breastfeeding success; self-efficacy; maternal obesity.
MEME KANSERİ HASTASI YOKSUL KADINLARDA BAŞ ETME SÜREÇLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: LOTFİ Sayra , KARATAŞ Kasım
Published: December 2020

Bu araştırmada, meme kanseri yoksul kadınların baş etme süreçlerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemi meme kanseri yoksul kadınlardan oluşmuştur. Araştırma, Ankara Onkoloji Hastanesinde tedavi gören, Mamak ve Keçiören Sosyal Yardımlaşma ve Dayanışma Vakfı’ndan hizmet alan meme kanseri 110 yoksul kadın üzerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak “Görüşme Formu” ve “Baş Etme Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Verilerin çözümlenmesi SPSS (versiyon 18.0) yardımıyla yapılmıştır. Verilerin analizi için T test, ki-kare ve korelasyon testleri kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın bulgularına göre meme kanseri hastası yoksul kadınlarda yaş artıkça kendini suçlama, davranışsal boş verme ve kabullenme azalmaktadır. Aylık geliri düşük olan hastalarda baş etme stili olarak dini öğeler daha yüksek düzeyde kullanılmaktadır. Okur yazar olmayan meme kanseri hastası yoksul kadınların kabullenme baş etme stili puanı diğerlerine göre daha yüksektir. Araştırmanın bulgularına göre, meme kanseri hastalarında aileden alınan sosyal destek, hastalıkla baş etmede önemlidir. Hastalar, karşılaştıkları güçlüklerle baş etme süreçlerinde, hastanenin tıbbi sosyal hizmet biriminde çalışan sosyal hizmet uzmanlarından ve psikologlardan, yeterli destek alamamaktadırlar. Buna karşılık hastaların bu desteği aileden aldıkları görülmüştür. Eğitimi düzeyi düşük olan ve mesleği olmayan kadınların baş etme pratiklerinin dini öğelere daha bağlı olduğu belirlenmiştir.
UNIVERSITY STUDENTS’ CRITICAL THINKING ABILITY IN LISTENING SKILL
Authors: Nainggolan Elsa Ernawati , Hanifah
Published: December 2020

The present study analysed university students’ critical thinking ability on their listening skills. With this purpose in mind, 25 students taking listening subject participated in the study were chosen as the sample of this study. To gather the data, the essay test of critical thinking skill developed by Facione were administered to the participants after they had listened to related audio of conversation and/or monologue. The obtained data were then analysed using holistic critical thinking scoring rubric. The results showed that the core critical thinking skill of interpretation possessed by the students is 61% categorized as low, analysis skill is 65% classified as medium, inference skill holds 68% ranked as medium, evaluation skill gets 56% categorized as low, explanation skill is 54% classified as low, and self-regulation is 68% classified as medium. To add, the total average of students skill related to critical thinking is 62% and is categorized as low. Considering that students in higher education is faced with complex problem and decision making, education practitioner are called to develop critical thinking in language teaching particularly listening skill. Thus, the development of critical thinking in listening would contribute to successful communication.
Modeling and Control of Grid Connected Photovoltaic System Using Sliding Mode Control
Authors: Belhachemi Abdelkader , Belarbi Ahmed Wahid
Published: December 2020

Solar PV systems are gaining attraction for energy generation in these days due to its reducing cost and efficiency. The proposed system consists of two main controllers: the DC/DC boost converter to track the maximum power from the PV panels using an application of sliding mode control because it is fast and unconditionally stable and the grid-tied threephase inverter to control the power active and reactive for achieved the unit power factor in connection point and synchronize a sinusoidal current output with a voltage grid with regulated DC bus voltage. Simulation results are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed design and robustness under different operating conditions such as changes in atmospheric conditions.
Transmission of Sound via a Perovskite Solar Cell
Authors: Slami Abdelhadi , Bouchaour Mama , Merad Laarej , Amor Yacine Ayachi
Published: December 2020

T Perovskite solar cells are becoming a dominant alternative for the traditional solar cells reaching an efficiency of 25.2% in a short span of twelve years (2008-2020). Here, we are going to describe a simple process to 'put a voice on a laser beam' and transmit it over a distance via a perovskite solar cell. This process considered as a fascinating example of amplitude modulation of light using sound vibrations. Therefore, the design and simulation of the perovskite solar cell will be described in details in this work. This design is concerned about the lead-free based perovskite solar cell model with the total proposed structure “Metal contact /PEDOT:PSS/ CH3NH3SnI3/ ZnO/ SnO2:F/ Metal contact”. To study the efficiency and the performances of a solar cell, the use of well-known software so-called SCAPS-1D is undertaken to perform the system simulation. The obtained results show also the influence of the doping level of the HTM layer and absorber layer thickness on the performance of the device. So far, only the simulation part has been validated. Despite the costeffect of the system prototype, however, it could be implemented here in the laboratory as perspective work.