bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Berbasis Manajemen Lingkungan Melalui Program Hidroponik Dan Bank Sampah Di Kelurahan Jati Luhur, Kecamatan Jati Asih Kota Bekasi
Authors: Setyawati Novita Wahyu , Woelandari PG Dewi Sri
Published: March 2022

Kegiatan Pengabdian pada Masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk membangun kepedulian masyarakat agar dapat ‘berkawan’ dengan lingkungan sekitarnya dan membangun kemandirian masyarakatnya terutama pada program hidroponik dan bank sampah untuk mendapatkan manfaat secara langsung.Metode kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini menggunakan metode ceramah atau penyuluhan dan pembelajaran yang dipraktekkan oleh peserta dan nara sumber. Metode ceramah  digunakan untuk menyampaikan pengetahuan secara umum tentang hidroponik dan bank sampah disertai dengan sesi tanya jawab. Metode pembelajaran digunakan untuk alih pengetahuan  atau ketrampilan dan system nilai yang dimiliki oleh nara sumber kepada anggota masyarakat.Pelatihan ini melibatkan dosen Universitas Bhayangkara Jakarta Raya Bekasi dan mahasiswa/i KKN yang bekerja sama dengan warga masyarakat Kel. Jati Luhur, Kec. Jati Asih Kota Bekasi sebagai subyek sasaran. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat dijadwalkan pada bulan Juli – Agustus 2019.
Penggunaan Software Statistika untuk Pengolahan Data Penelitian Guru-Guru SMA dan SMK Kota Kendari
Authors: Yahya Irma , Wibawa Gusti Ngurah Adhi , Makkulau Makkulau , Agusrawati Agusrawati , Said Baharuddin
Published: March 2022

Sebagai seorang pendidik profesional guru dituntut untuk mengembangkan diri secara berkelanjutan sesuai dengan amanah Undang-Undang Nomor 14 Tahun 2005 tentang Guru dan Dosen. Salah satu upaya berkelanjutan ini adalah melalui penelitian tindakan kelas. Penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) sedikit tidaknya akan melibatkan data. Pemahaman tentang data dan analisisnya akan membantu guru dalam memahami apa yang terjadi pada siswa secara kuantitatif. Pengabdian ini akan membahas bagaimana menggunakan metode statistika sederhana  dalam  penelitian  tindakan  kelas  dengan  penekanan pada konsep. Pembahasan diawali dengan menjelaskan jenis-jenis data, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan bagaimana menampilkan dan meringkas data kuantitatif dan kualitatif dengan menggunakan software statistika.. Panduan pelatihan diakhiri dengan bagian rekomendasi yang memuat hal-hal yang perlu diperhatikan dalam menggunakan sofware-software statistika dalam pengolahan data PTK. Target luaran kegiatan  PKMI  ini adalah peningkatan kemampuan guru dalam menggunakan software statistika untuk mengolah data hasil penelitian, artikel ilmiah yang dipublikasikan pada jurnal Lokal UHO (JPMIT).
Pembuatan Mesin Pemarut Sagu Bagi Pengolah Sagu Di Desa Puasana Kecamatan Moramo Utara Kabupaten Konawe Selatan
Authors: Kadir Abd , Balaka R , Samhuddin Samhuddin , Aksar P , Yusnidarsyah C
Published: March 2022

Tujuan diselenggarakannya Program Kemitraan Masyaakat Intenal UHO tentang Pembuatan Mesin Pemaut Sagu Bagi Pengolah Sagu ialah sebagai media untuk memberikan solusi sekaligus edukasi kepada masyarakat tentang Mesin Pemaut Sagu. Sagu merupakan salah satu bahan makanan pokok penduduk Sulawesi Tenggara, dimana dalam alat atau teknologi yang digunakan dalam pengolahan sagu tersebut sangat mempengaruhi kualitas maupun kuantitas poduksi yang dihasilkan. Desa Puasana Kecamatan Moramo Utara Kabupaten Konawe Selatan yang merupakan salah satu daerah di Sulawesi Tenggara yang menjadi sentral dalam pengolahan sagu. Metode pendekatan yang direncanakan untuk merealisasikan program ini adalah Sosialisasi dan Pembuatan Mesin Pemarut Sagu serta uji coba mesin pemarut sagu di lokasi pengolahan sagu, sehingga dalam pengolahan sagu yang dilakukan oleh petani sagu dapat berjalan secara efektif dan efisien dan hasil produksi yang diharapkan dapat tercapai.
Biomechanical Analysis of a Novel Double-Point Fixation Method for Displaced Intra-Articular Calcaneal Fractures
Authors: Lv Miko Lin , Ni Ming , Sun Wanju , Wong Duo Wai-Chi , Zhou Shuren , Jia Yongwei , Zhang Ming
Published: March 2022

The development of minimally invasive procedures and implant materials has improved the fixation strength of implants and is less traumatic in surgery. The purpose of this study was to propose a novel “double-point fixation” for calcaneal fractures and compare its biomechanical stability with the traditional “three-point fixation.” A three-dimensional finite element foot model with a Sanders type IIIAB calcaneal fracture was developed based on clinical images comprising bones, plantar fascia, ligaments, and encapsulated soft tissue. Double-point and three-point fixation resembled the surgical procedure with a volar distal radius plate and calcaneal locking plate, respectively. The stress distribution, fracture displacement, and change of the Böhler angle and Gissane’s angle were estimated by a walking simulation using the model, and the predictions between the double-point and three-point fixation were compared at heel-strike, midstance, and push-off instants. Double-point fixation demonstrated lower bone stress (103.3 vs. 199.4 MPa), but higher implant stress (1,084.0 vs. 577.9 MPa). The model displacement of double-point fixation was higher than that of three-point fixation (3.68 vs. 2.53 mm). The displacement of the posterior joint facet (0.127 vs. 0.150 mm) and the changes of the Böhler angle (0.9° vs. 1.4°) and Gissane’s angle (0.7° vs. 0.9°) in double-point fixation were comparably lower. Double-point fixation by volar distal radius plates demonstrated sufficient and favorable fixation stability and a lower risk of postoperative stress fracture, which may potentially serve as a new fixation modality for the treatment of displaced intra-articular calcaneal fractures.
Novel Decellularization Method for Tissue Slices
Authors: Narciso Maria , Ulldemolins Anna , Júnior Constança , Otero Jorge , Navajas Daniel , Farré Ramon , Gavara Núria , Almendros Isaac
Published: March 2022

Decellularization procedures have been developed and optimized for the entire organ or tissue blocks, by either perfusion of decellularizing agents through the tissue’s vasculature or submerging large sections in decellularizing solutions. However, some research aims require the analysis of native as well as decellularized tissue slices side by side, but an optimal protocol has not yet been established to address this need. Thus, the main goal of this work was to develop a fast and efficient decellularization method for tissue slices—with an emphasis on lung—while attached to a glass slide. To this end, different decellularizing agents were compared for their effectiveness in cellular removal while preserving the extracellular matrix. The intensity of DNA staining was taken as an indicator of remaining cells and compared to untreated sections. The presence of collagen, elastin and laminin were quantified using immunostaining and signal quantification. Scaffolds resulting from the optimized protocol were mechanically characterized using atomic force microscopy. Lung scaffolds were recellularized with mesenchymal stromal cells to assess their biocompatibility. Some decellularization agents (CHAPS, triton, and ammonia hydroxide) did not achieve sufficient cell removal. Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) was effective in cell removal (1% remaining DNA signal), but its sharp reduction of elastin signal (only 6% remained) plus lower attachment ratio (32%) singled out sodium deoxycholate (SD) as the optimal treatment for this application (6.5% remaining DNA signal), due to its higher elastin retention (34%) and higher attachment ratio (60%). Laminin and collagen were fully preserved in all treatments. The SD decellularization protocol was also successful for porcine and murine (mice and rat) lungs as well as for other tissues such as the heart, kidney, and bladder. No significant mechanical differences were found before and after sample decellularization. The resulting acellular lung scaffolds were shown to be biocompatible (98% cell survival after 72 h of culture). This novel method to decellularize tissue slices opens up new methodological possibilities to better understand the role of the extracellular matrix in the context of several diseases as well as tissue engineering research and can be easily adapted for scarce samples like clinical biopsies.
GMP-Compliant Production of Autologous Adipose-Derived Stromal Cells in the NANT 001 Closed Automated Bioreactor
Authors: Fitzgerald Joan C. , Duffy Niamh , Cattaruzzi Giacomo , Vitrani Francesco , Paulitti Alice , Mazzarol Flavia , Mauro Prisca , Sfiligoj Antonio , Curcio Francesco , Jones Deirdre M. , McInerney Veronica , Krawczyk Janusz , Kelly Jack , Finnerty Andrew , McDonagh Katya , McCabe Una , Duggan Matthew , Connolly Lauren , Shaw Georgina , Murphy Mary , Barry Frank
Published: March 2022

In recent years mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have received a great deal of interest for the treatment of major diseases, but clinical translation and market authorization have been slow. This has been due in part to a lack of standardization in cell manufacturing protocols, as well as a lack of biologically meaningful cell characterization tools and release assays. Cell production strategies to date have involved complex manual processing in an open environment which is costly, inefficient and poses risks of contamination. The NANT 001 bioreactor has been developed for the automated production of small to medium cell batches for autologous use. This is a closed, benchtop system which automatically performs several processes including cell seeding, media change, real-time monitoring of temperature, pH, cell confluence and cell detachment. Here we describe a validation of the bioreactor in an environment compliant with current good manufacturing practice (cGMP) to confirm its utility in replacing standardized manual processing. Stromal vascular fraction (SVF) was isolated from lipoaspirate material obtained from healthy donors. SVF cells were seeded in the bioreactor. Cell processing was performed automatically and cell harvesting was triggered by computerized analysis of images captured by a travelling microscope positioned beneath the cell culture flask. For comparison, the same protocol was performed in parallel using manual methods. Critical quality attributes (CQA) assessed for cells from each process included cell yield, viability, surface immunophenotype, differentiation propensity, microbial sterility and endotoxin contamination. Cell yields from the bioreactor cultures were comparable in the manual and automated cultures and viability was >90% for both. Expression of surface markers were consistent with standards for adipose-derived stromal cell (ASC) phenotype. ASCs expanded in both automated and manual processes were capable of adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation. Supernatants from all cultures tested negative for microbial and endotoxin contamination. Analysis of labor commitment indicated considerable economic advantage in the automated system in terms of operator, quality control, product release and management personnel. These data demonstrate that the NANT 001 bioreactor represents an effective option for small to medium scale, automated, closed expansion of ASCs from SVF and produces cell products with CQA equivalent to manual processes.
Advances in Multimodality Cardiovascular Imaging in the Diagnosis of Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction
Authors: Del Torto Alberico , Guaricci Andrea Igoren , Pomarico Francesca , Guglielmo Marco , Fusini Laura , Monitillo Francesco , Santoro Daniela , Vannini Monica , Rossi Alexia , Muscogiuri Giuseppe , Baggiano Andrea , Pontone Gianluca
Published: March 2022

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a syndrome defined by the presence of heart failure symptoms and increased levels of circulating natriuretic peptide (NP) in patients with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction and various degrees of diastolic dysfunction (DD). HFpEF is a complex condition that encompasses a wide range of different etiologies. Cardiovascular imaging plays a pivotal role in diagnosing HFpEF, in identifying specific underlying etiologies, in prognostic stratification, and in therapeutic individualization. Echocardiography is the first line imaging modality with its wide availability; it has high spatial and temporal resolution and can reliably assess systolic and diastolic function. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) is the gold standard for cardiac morphology and function assessment, and has superior contrast resolution to look in depth into tissue changes and help to identify specific HFpEF etiologies. Differently, the most important role of nuclear imaging [i.e., planar scintigraphy and/or single photon emission CT (SPECT)] consists in the screening and diagnosis of cardiac transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTR) in patients with HFpEF. Cardiac CT can accurately evaluate coronary artery disease both from an anatomical and functional point of view, but tissue characterization methods have also been developed. The aim of this review is to critically summarize the current uses and future perspectives of echocardiography, nuclear imaging, CT, and CMR in patients with HFpEF.
Uncoupling the Vicious Cycle of Mechanical Stress and Inflammation in Calcific Aortic Valve Disease
Authors: Dayawansa Nalin H. , Baratchi Sara , Peter Karlheinz
Published: March 2022

Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is a common acquired valvulopathy, which carries a high burden of mortality. Chronic inflammation has been postulated as the predominant pathophysiological process underlying CAVD. So far, no effective medical therapies exist to halt the progression of CAVD. This review aims to outline the known pathways of inflammation and calcification in CAVD, focussing on the critical roles of mechanical stress and mechanosensing in the perpetuation of valvular inflammation. Following initiation of valvular inflammation, dysregulation of proinflammatory and osteoregulatory signalling pathways stimulates endothelial-mesenchymal transition of valvular endothelial cells (VECs) and differentiation of valvular interstitial cells (VICs) into active myofibroblastic and osteoblastic phenotypes, which in turn mediate valvular extracellular matrix remodelling and calcification. Mechanosensitive signalling pathways convert mechanical forces experienced by valve leaflets and circulating cells into biochemical signals and may provide the positive feedback loop that promotes acceleration of disease progression in the advanced stages of CAVD. Mechanosensing is implicated in multiple aspects of CAVD pathophysiology. The mechanosensitive RhoA/ROCK and YAP/TAZ systems are implicated in aortic valve leaflet mineralisation in response to increased substrate stiffness. Exposure of aortic valve leaflets, endothelial cells and platelets to high shear stress results in increased expression of mediators of VIC differentiation. Upregulation of the Piezo1 mechanoreceptor has been demonstrated to promote inflammation in CAVD, which normalises following transcatheter valve replacement. Genetic variants and inhibition of Notch signalling accentuate VIC responses to altered mechanical stresses. The study of mechanosensing pathways has revealed promising insights into the mechanisms that perpetuate inflammation and calcification in CAVD. Mechanotransduction of altered mechanical stresses may provide the sought-after coupling link that drives a vicious cycle of chronic inflammation in CAVD. Mechanosensing pathways may yield promising targets for therapeutic interventions and prognostic biomarkers with the potential to improve the management of CAVD.
Rare Cases of Bronchial Aneurysm and Comparison of Interventional Embolization in the Treatment of True Bronchial Aneurysm and Pseudobronchial Aneurysm
Authors: Lin Jia-Li , Ji Yuan-Yuan , Zhang Ming-Zhe , Tang Yi , Wang Ruo-Li , Ruan Dan-Dan , Zhou Yan-Feng , Wu Shao-Jie , Cai Sen-Lin , Zhang Jian-Hui , Meng Xiao-Rong , Luo Jie-Wei , Fang Zhu-Ting
Published: March 2022

Background

Bronchial artery aneurysm (BAA) is a rare disease. Rupture of BAA can lead to life-threatening hemoptysis, and once diagnosed, treatment is needed regardless of symptoms. Transcatheter artery embolization is the first choice of treatment because it is minimally invasive and effective. This study aimed to retrospectively compare the embolization treatment of a case of true BAA and that of a pseudobranchial aneurysm and explore the choice of embolization method for BAA with short neck or no neck.

Materials and Methods

Embolization treatment and imaging characteristics of one case of true BAA and one case of pseudobronchial aneurysm admitted to our hospital were analyzed retrospectively. Embolization methods and therapeutic effects of two cases of BAAs were compared.

Results

Case 1 was that of an intact true BAA inside the mediastinum located at the opening of the bronchial artery. The distal end of the aneurysm was embolized, and tumor cavity was occluded. No recurrence of BAA was found after the operation. Case 2 was that of a ruptured and hemorrhagic pseudobronchial aneurysm of the mediastinum. Coil embolization combined with covered stent graft exclusion of the thoracic aorta were performed, and the left bronchial artery and BAA were almost occluded. Nine months postoperatively, the mediastinal hematoma was almost completely absorbed.

Conclusion

Endovascular embolization has become the most commonly used for the treatment of BAA. Different methods should be selected according to the location and nature of the aneurysm.
Clinical Imaging of the Penumbra in Ischemic Stroke: From the Concept to the Era of Mechanical Thrombectomy
Authors: Chalet Lucie , Boutelier Timothé , Christen Thomas , Raguenes Dorian , Debatisse Justine , Eker Omer Faruk , Becker Guillaume , Nighoghossian Norbert , Cho Tae-Hee , Canet-Soulas Emmanuelle , Mechtouff Laura
Published: March 2022

The ischemic penumbra is defined as the severely hypoperfused, functionally impaired, at-risk but not yet infarcted tissue that will be progressively recruited into the infarct core. Early reperfusion aims to save the ischemic penumbra by preventing infarct core expansion and is the mainstay of acute ischemic stroke therapy. Intravenous thrombolysis and mechanical thrombectomy for selected patients with large vessel occlusion has been shown to improve functional outcome. Given the varying speed of infarct core progression among individuals, a therapeutic window tailored to each patient has recently been proposed. Recent studies have demonstrated that reperfusion therapies are beneficial in patients with a persistent ischemic penumbra, beyond conventional time windows. As a result, mapping the penumbra has become crucial in emergency settings for guiding personalized therapy. The penumbra was first characterized as an area with a reduced cerebral blood flow, increased oxygen extraction fraction and preserved cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen using positron emission tomography (PET) with radiolabeled O2. Because this imaging method is not feasible in an acute clinical setting, the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) mismatch between perfusion-weighted imaging and diffusion-weighted imaging, as well as computed tomography perfusion have been proposed as surrogate markers to identify the penumbra in acute ischemic stroke patients. Transversal studies comparing PET and MRI or using longitudinal assessment of a limited sample of patients have been used to define perfusion thresholds. However, in the era of mechanical thrombectomy, these thresholds are debatable. Using various MRI methods, the original penumbra definition has recently gained a significant interest. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the evolution of the ischemic penumbra imaging methods, including their respective strengths and limitations, as well as to map the current intellectual structure of the field using bibliometric analysis and explore future directions.
Farmers or Nomads: Isotopic Evidence of Human–Animal Interactions (770BCE to 221BCE) in Northern Shaanxi, China
Authors: Mengjie Cui , Xue Shang , Yaowu Hu , Yan Ding , Yanfeng Li , Songmei Hu
Published: March 2022

Chinese history is composed of the contest, war, and admixture between the nomads in the north plateau and the farmers in central China. During the Eastern Zhou Period (770–221 BCE), nomadic groups, such as Rong (戎) and Di (狄), occupied the Eurasian Steppes and had frequent contact with the farmer group in Central China according historic records. This created a geographic boundary between the two groups named the agro-pastoral interweaving belt. To explore the impact of ethnic integration and human–animal interaction during the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analysis of humans and animals at the Chongpingyuan site, Shaanxi, was undertaken. The δ13C (mean: -7.9 ± 0.5‰, n = 17) and δ15N values (mean: 8.8 ± 0.6‰, n = 17) for human and pigs (mean δ13C: −8.1 ± 0.5‰; mean δ15N:7.5 ± 0.5‰, n = 2) revealed that they consumed C4-based foods mainly while the δ13C and δ15N values of cattle (−17.6‰, 4.3‰, n = 1), horse (−17.1‰, 4.1‰, n = 1), and sheep (mean: −17.4 ± 1.5‰, 6.0 ± 0.8‰, n = 7) suggest that they relied on C3 plants supplemented with minor C4 plants. Based on the archaeological and historic contexts, we infer that humans at Chongpingyuan survived on an agro-pastoral economy with millet agriculture as the economic foundation. Given the isotopic spacing between humans and animals, we found that pigs contributed to the main sources of animal protein, whereas other animals might have been provisioned for other purposes, such as rituals or properties. In general, no significantly dietary differences between genders and funeral customs are found, but people with abundant burial objects seem to have consumed more animal protein, possibly related to social heterogeneity.
Dynamics of the Subducted Izanagi-Pacific Plates Since the Mesozoic and Its Implications for the Formation of Big Mantle Wedge Beneath Eastern Asia
Authors: Wu Bingcheng , Wang Yongming , Huang Jinshui
Published: March 2022

The slab dynamics of the subducted Izanagi-Pacific plate is still a subject of controversy and its relationship with the tectonic evolution of Eastern Asia remains not well explored. Here, we perform 3-D global convection models to investigate the slab dynamics of the Izanagi-Pacific plate beneath Eastern Asia since the Mesozoic time. We introduce a tracking technique in numerical models to explicitly distinguish the Izanagi slab and the Pacific slab during their subduction processes. We find that all subducted Izanagi slabs have completely fallen into the lower mantle until the late Cenozoic and the stagnant slabs currently observed at the mantle transition zone depth beneath Eastern Asia are entirely from the Pacific plate. We also find that multiple slab stagnation events have occurred during the subduction of the Izanagi plate in the Mesozoic time (∼150–120 Ma, 90–70 Ma) with a timescale of tens of million years. The stagnation of the subducted slabs facilitates the formation of a big mantle wedge beneath the overriding lithosphere and the time periods of the mantle wedge are consistent with the episodes of magmatic activities in Eastern Asia.
Numerical Investigation on the Dynamic Evolution of Intra-Crustal Continental Delamination
Authors: Qi Rui , Liao Jie , Liu Xiaohui , Gao Rui
Published: March 2022

Delamination often occurs in continental regions, through which process the lithospheric mantle detaches from the continental crust and sinks into the underlying asthenospheric mantle. Various modes of continental delamination are proposed, including the typical mode of delamination along the Moho and the newly proposed delamination along the mid-lithospheric discontinuity. Geological and geophysical observations reveal the possibility of an alternative mode of delamination, i.e., intra-crustal continental delamination, which is rarely studied. Using the 2D thermo-mechanical coupled geodynamical models, we systemically study the dynamic evolution of the intra-crustal continental delamination. Model results suggest that the intra-crustal continental delamination develops along the base of the upper crust, promoted by the intra-crustal decoupling, i.e., the mechanical strength decoupling between the upper and lower crust. The three physical parameters, i.e., the upper crustal thickness, the lower crustal rheology, and the initial Moho temperature all affect intra-crustal strength decoupling, and thus influence continental delamination. Combining with geological and geophysical observations, we speculate that intra-crustal continental delamination taking place along the upper and lower crustal interface is a possible way of continental destruction.
Research on Roof Cutting Pressure Relief of the Gob-Side Entry Retaining With Roadside Backfilling
Authors: Zhang Kun , Liu Changyou , Zhang Hanrui , Yue Xin , Liu Huaidong
Published: March 2022

Based on the application of the retained gob-side entry in a fully mechanized face E2307 headgate, the stress distribution and deformation characteristics of the roadside backfill body for different types of roof cutting were investigated in this study by employing a combination method of theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, and field measurement. The study uses RocLab software to accurately modify the lithology of the simulation area, discuss the position of roof cutting and the pressure relief parameters of roof cutting, and select the optimal solution of the roof-cutting plan. The results show that the advanced pre-cracking effectively blocks the stress transmission in the high-level roof strata; the roadway is in the stress unloading zone, the stress environment of the surrounding rock in the roadway is significantly optimized, and the deformation of the surrounding rock in the roadway is significantly reduced. In the roof-cutting scheme, the deformation of the surrounding rock in the 90° main roof-cutting scheme is reduced by 78% compared with the uncut roof and by 39% compared with the 90° immediate roof cutting. The research results were successfully applied at the E2307 headgate of the Gaohe coal mine; the maximum roof subsidence and the maximum rib convergence were 121 and 74 mm, respectively. Field monitoring indicates that the deformation of the retained entry was controllable, and the final retaining effects were good.
Investigating the Plant Microremains on Ceramic Li Tripods to Ascertain Their Function and the Plant Resource Exploitation Strategies During the Lower Xiajiadian Culture Period in Chifeng, Northeast China
Authors: Liu Shu , Jia Xin , Sun Yonggang , Ma Zhikun
Published: March 2022

In undertaking a functional study of ceramic Li tripods, a common archaeological artifact in Northeast China during the Bronze Age, this study provides a crucial insight into both the function of these ceramics, plant resource strategies and human diets during this period. The precise function of the Li tripod has to date been controversial due to a lack of direct contextual evidence. Hence, this paper presents analyses of 10 Li tripods from six sites in the Chifeng area of Northeast China, all of which can be dated from their excavation contexts to the Lower Xiajiadian cultural period (3,900–3,400 cal a B.P.). The interior and exterior surfaces of the tripods were analyzed using starch grain analysis, phytolith analysis and microfossil charcoal analysis. A total of 133 starch grains were recovered, of which 111 (83.46%) were found on 80% of the interior surfaces examined. Further analysis found that these starch grains had damage features specifically gelatinised characteristics, which were consistent with the starch grains that had been boiled in our cooking simulations. In addition, there were obvious soot traces on the surfaces of the tripods, 2,835 microfossil charcoal grains not completely burned were identified, and 70% of the exterior surface samples had a higher frequency of contact with fire. These findings serve to confirm that Li tripods were used in the cooking of food. Of the 133 starch grains found, only 62 could be identified to species level. These were foxtail millet (Setaria italica) and broomcorn millet (Panicum milliaceum) and plants from Triticeae taxa, as well as roots and tubers. The 3,424 phytoliths recovered from the 10 tripods were found to belong to the Panicoideae and Pooideae genera, of which the husks from foxtail and broomcorn millets from the Panicoideae genus accounted for 6.19% of the total. These results indicate that millets, the Triticeae, roots, and tubers, in addition to plants from Panicoideae and Pooideae genera, were utilized in the Chifeng area of Northeast China during the Bronze Age. This study deepens our understanding of the local subsistence patterns and the social context of early Bronze age civilization in the region.
Facing Crises of Unsustainability: Creating and Holding Safe Enough Spaces for Transformative Learning in Higher Education for Sustainable Development
Authors: Singer-Brodowski Mandy , Förster Ruth , Eschenbacher Saskia , Biberhofer Petra , Getzin Sofia
Published: March 2022

The multiple crises of unsustainability are provoking increasing stress and unpleasant emotions among students. If higher education is to fulfill its mission to support transformation processes toward sustainable development, it must adapt its pedagogical approaches to help students deepen their critical thinking and empower them to engage in these transformation processes. For this reason, emotions – which can also prevent critical thinking – should be carefully addressed within transformative learning journeys. However, these journeys are themselves challenging for learners and educators. They push them to abandon stable meaning perspectives, causing feelings of incoherence and tension. Learners need safe enough spaces to navigate these situations of uncertainty. The central questions of this manuscript are: What is meant by safe enough spaces? How can learners, educators, and higher education institutions create and hold such spaces? These questions are explored on three different levels: (1) the intrapersonal level, (2) the interpersonal level, and (3) the organizational and systemic level of discourses in higher education. For the intrapersonal level, perspectives inspired by neurobiology are used to discuss reaction patterns of our autonomous nervous system and present insights into stress development. Learners should feel bodily safe when engaging in transformative learning processes. This is supported by balancing the challenges learners face with the resources they have. For the interpersonal level, the manuscript argues that focusing solely on rational discourse is insufficient to support safe enough spaces for transformative learning. We call for a culture of edifying conversations supported by respectful relationships among learners, as they are more adequate for regaining self-direction. For the organizational and intertwined systemic level, the ambition is followed to make higher education institutions offer learning environments that feel safe enough for all involved. However, as these institutions are strongly influenced by dynamics of economization and competition, they do not necessarily empower learners to challenge and disrupt unsustainable and neoliberal discourses. The manuscript explores how learners and educators can cultivate engaged critique by acknowledging their own embeddedness in neoliberal dynamics and opening up so-called transformative spaces for institutional change. Finally, recommendations for educational practices in higher education for sustainable development are offered.
“It’s Something That We All Need to Know”: Australian Youth Perspectives of Mental Health Literacy and Action in Schools
Authors: Marinucci Alexandra , Grové Christine , Rozendorn Goldie
Published: March 2022

Young people expressed concern about their mental health before COVID-19, and these concerns have escalated in response to the pandemic. A lack of knowledge, stigma and unfamiliarity with how to seek help contribute to low self-efficacy in mental health care. There is a need for school settings to include mental health education, or mental health literacy (MHL), to address youth mental health needs. Evaluation of school-based MHL programs often occur without the consultation of key stakeholders, such as young people. This study aimed to understand young people’s experience of mental health education in their school and their perspectives of how future mental health education can be tailored to suit their needs. Four online group discussions were conducted with 13 participants aged 11 to 18 years old. Eight main themes were generated from these discussions: (1) limited mental health education and understanding in school, (2) struggle to help seek, (3) negative mental health attitudes, (4) desired content about mental health education, (5) understanding of mental health, (6) school as a place for support, (7) suggestions for mental health education, and (8) ways for schools to be responsive to youth needs. All the young people in this study expressed concerns around the lack of mental health education in their schools and indicated that this must change for the wellbeing of all youth.
The Impacts of Fears of COVID-19 on University Students’ Adaptability in Online Learning
Authors: Van Dao Thi Hong , Khang Nguyen Duy , Thi Ha Hoang Quoc
Published: March 2022

Fears of COVID-19 covered humans on earth quickly since the first appearance of Coronavirus in Wuhan in 2019. Consequently, online learning has been deployed widely to ensure the continuity of education in the context of the pandemic. The mixed-method study was conducted to examine the extent of fears Vietnamese students’ perceived as well as their learning adaptability, using the Fears of COVID-19 Pandemic (FCV19) scale and Adaptability scale as research instruments. Data was analyzed relied on Mean statistics from SPSS22, combined with Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to examine the influences of fears of COVID-19 on students’ online learning adaptability. The results triangulated with qualitative data from open-ended questions showed that students were moderately afraid of the COVID-19 pandemic but had a high level of adaptability in online learning. Additionally, fears of COVID-19 also had little impact on students’ online learning adaptability. Instead, students showed off some other fears preventing their virtual learning, including (1) fears of wasting time and money for a shoddy online education, (2) fears of loneliness and laziness, (3) fears of distracting factors when learning online, and (4) fears of lacking learning materials.
Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in HIV/HBV Patients – a Metabolic Imbalance Aggravated by Antiretroviral Therapy and Perpetuated by the Hepatokine/Adipokine Axis Breakdown
Authors: Iacob Simona Alexandra , Iacob Diana Gabriela
Published: March 2022

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is strongly associated with the metabolic syndrome and is one of the most prevalent comorbidities in HIV and HBV infected patients. HIV plays an early and direct role in the development of metabolic syndrome by disrupting the mechanism of adipogenesis and synthesis of adipokines. Adipokines, molecules that regulate the lipid metabolism, also contribute to the progression of NAFLD either directly orviahepatic organokines (hepatokines). Most hepatokines play a direct role in lipid homeostasis and liver inflammation but their role in the evolution of NAFLD is not well defined. The role of HBV in the pathogenesis of NAFLD is controversial. HBV has been previously associated with a decreased level of triglycerides and with a protective role against the development of steatosis and metabolic syndrome. At the same time HBV displays a high fibrogenetic and oncogenetic potential. In the HIV/HBV co-infection, the metabolic changes are initiated by mitochondrial dysfunction as well as by the fatty overload of the liver, two interconnected mechanisms. The evolution of NAFLD is further perpetuated by the inflammatory response to these viral agents and by the variable toxicity of the antiretroviral therapy. The current article discusses the pathogenic changes and the contribution of the hepatokine/adipokine axis in the development of NAFLD as well as the implications of HIV and HBV infection in the breakdown of the hepatokine/adipokine axis and NAFLD progression.
Diurnal Salivary Cortisol in Relation to Body Composition and Heart Rate Variability in Young Adults
Authors: Cvijetic Selma , Keser Irena , Jurasović Jasna , Orct Tatjana , Babić Željka , Boschiero Dario , Ilich Jasminka Z.
Published: March 2022

Objective

Chronic stress has been related to impaired body composition (bone, muscle, adipose tissue), and disturbed autonomic nervous system (ANS), the latter regulated by hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis. Our objective was to investigate the relationship between salivary cortisol, body composition and heart rate variability (HRV—highly influenced by ANS), in a young student population.

Methods

Body composition and HRV parameters were measured using two portable devices based on multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance and photoplethysmography. Body composition included measurement of bone, lean/muscle and adipose tissues. HRV included time domain and frequency domain indices. Salivary cortisol, immediately after awakening, 60 min post awakening and late night was collected and analyzed by ELISA.

Results

Participants included n = 43 healthy university students (39 women, 4 men); 21.1 ± 1.3 years, BMI = 21.8 ± 3.4 kg/m2. Skeletal muscle was reduced in most of the participants, bone mass was at the lower normal range, while the fat tissue parameters were normal with only 7% participants being overweight. Cortisol and HRV parameters of sympathetic predominance (low frequency—LF and low frequency/high frequency ratio—LF/HF) were significantly associated with higher fat tissue parameters (fat mass—FM% and intramuscular adipose tissue—IMAT%) (p <0.001 and p = 0.035, respectively) and with lower skeletal muscle (p = 0.002) and bone mass (p = 0.025).

Conclusions

The results point to a role of cortisol and ANS in the control of all three body composition compartments, suggesting that the stress can result in adverse effects on body composition, even in young, apparently healthy individuals.
Wind Farm Energy Storage System Based on Cat Swarm Optimization–Backpropagation Neural Network Wind Power Prediction
Authors: Liu Shu , Wang Lei , Jiang Hongliang , Liu Yan , You Hongyu
Published: March 2022

To solve the instability problem of wind turbine power output, the wind power was predicted, and a wind power prediction algorithm optimized by the backpropagation neural network based on the CSO (cat swarm optimization) algorithm was studied, and a wind farm energy storage system model was built on this basis. By collecting the wind power plant’s historical wind speed, power, and other parameters, the short-term wind farm output power was predicted, and the operation of the wind farm energy storage system was controlled to suppress the output power of the wind farm when the wind farm was connected to the grid so as to improve the stability of the output power of the wind farm. At the same time, typical wind farm data were taken as an example to verify the feasibility of the proposed method.
Market Competition, Financialization, and Green Innovation: Evidence From China’s Manufacturing Industries
Authors: Guo Yineng , Fan Lijun , Yuan Xiaohao
Published: March 2022

Green innovation has become a critical measure to address the sustainable development challenges of manufacturing industries, and research has largely neglected the important role of managers as decision-makers within firms. Using a sample of China’s listed manufacturing firms from 2009 to 2019, this study explores the impact of market competition and financialization on corporate green innovation and examines the moderating effect of market competition. The main findings are as follows. First, intense market competition may inhibit corporate green innovation in the context of the Chinese market. Second, managers are willing to sacrifice firms’ long-term interests in exchange for profits in the short run. Third, market competition alleviates the negative association between financialization and corporate green innovation, indicating that the interactions between manufacturing firms may alter managers’ preferences for financial investment. In addition, our study explores heterogeneous impacts of market competition and financialization on corporate green innovation, and the empirical results are consistent with our findings in most cases. Our findings provide support for rational resource allocation in green innovation and can be used to guide manufacturing firms to achieve their goals of sustainable development.
Climate Benefits of Cleaner Energy Transitions in East and South Asia Through Black Carbon Reduction
Authors: Ramachandran S. , Rupakheti Maheswar , Cherian R. , Lawrence Mark G.
Published: March 2022

The state of air pollution has historically been tightly linked to how we produce and use energy. Air pollutant emissions over Asia are now changing rapidly due to cleaner energy transitions; however, magnitudes of benefits for climate and air quality remain poorly quantified. The associated risks involve adverse health impacts, reduced agricultural yields, reduced freshwater availability, contributions to climate change, and economic costs. We focus particularly on climate benefits of energy transitions by making first-time use of two decades of high quality observations of atmospheric loading of light-absorbing black carbon (BC) over Kanpur (South Asia) and Beijing (East Asia) and relating these observations to changing energy, emissions, and economic trends in India and China. Our analysis reveals that absorption aerosol optical depth (AAOD) due to BC has decreased substantially, by 40% over Kanpur and 60% over Beijing between 2001 and 2017, and thus became decoupled from regional economic growth. Furthermore, the resultant decrease in BC emissions and BC AAOD over Asia is regionally coherent and occurs primarily due to transitions into cleaner energies (both renewables and fossil fuels) and not due to the decrease in primary energy supply or decrease in use of fossil use and biofuels and waste. Model simulations show that BC aerosols alone contribute about half of the surface temperature change (warming) of the total forcing due to greenhouse gases, natural and internal variability, and aerosols, thus clearly revealing the climate benefits due to a reduction in BC emissions, which would significantly reduce global warming. However, this modeling study excludes responses from natural variability, circulation, and sea ice responses, which cause relatively strong temperature fluctuations that may mask signals from BC aerosols. Our findings show additional benefits for climate (beyond benefits of CO2 reduction) and for several other issues of sustainability over South and East Asia, provide motivation for ongoing cleaner energy production, and consumption transitions, especially when they are associated with reduced emissions of air pollutants. Such an analysis connecting the trends in energy transitions and aerosol absorption loading, unavailable so far, is crucial for simulating the aerosol climate impacts over Asia which is quite uncertain.
Coseismic Displacement and Slip Distribution of the 21 May 2021 Mw 6.1 Earthquake in Yangbi, China Derived From InSAR Observations
Authors: Li Yongsheng , Li Yujiang , Liang Kuan , Li Hao , Jiang Wenliang
Published: March 2022

On 21 May 2021, a Mw 6.1 earthquake struck Yangbi County, Yunnan Province, China. In this study, InSAR data from Sentinel-1 SAR images were processed to image the coseismic deformation fields of the Yangbi earthquake. Then, the optimal slip model was obtained by applying the particle swarm optimization method. The interferometry results revealed that the earthquake triggered obvious surface deformation near the epicenter, while the earthquake did not produce an obvious surface rupture zone from field investigation. The optimal slip model suggests that the strike of the seismogenic fault responsible for this event is 139°, the dip angle is 81°, and the average rake angle is -170°. Additionally, the slip was concentrated mainly at depths of 2–8 km, the maximum dip-slip amount was 0.5 m, and the cumulative seismic moment reached 1.43 × 1018 N⋅m, equivalent to a Mw 6.1 earthquake. The geodetic and geophysical inversion results demonstrate that the Yangbi earthquake was dominated by a steeply dipping dextral strike-slip rupture. The rupture fault generally strikes NNW-SSE, which is consistent with that of the Weixi-Qiaohou fault, and may be a relatively new fault formed by an E-W-oriented extension of the western boundary of the Sichuan-Yunnan block. Finally, based on the InSAR results in combination with the spatial distribution characteristics of ground fissures and the strong historical earthquakes, we analyzed the tectonic background preceding the Yangbi earthquake and analyzed the relationship between the Yangbi earthquake and strong historical earthquakes in the region, thereby providing empirical evidence for analyzing seismic risk and fault rupture parameters, interpreting seismic deformation characteristics, and better understanding the seismogenic background of the western boundary of the Sichuan-Yunnan block.
Integrating Ecosystems and Socioeconomic Systems to Identify Ecological Security Pattern and Restoration Strategy in a Rapidly Urbanizing Landscape
Authors: Tan Jieqi , Li Hui , Lin Wei
Published: March 2022

The rapid process of urbanization has been accompanied by a disordered expansion of construction land, which has resulted in the degradation of ecosystem services. The identification of ecological security patterns (ESPs) is an important means to coordinating human-land relationships and carrying out ecological restoration strategies, which are of great significance to protecting ecological sustainability. However, previous studies have ignored the mutual impact of urbanization and ecological protection, which leads to the contradiction between them and useless of ESPs. This paper takes a rapidly urbanizing metropolitan area as an example. Ecological sources were identified based on the integration of ecosystem services and socioeconomic indicators by the Ordered Weighted Averaging (OWA) method, which considers the trade-off between ecosystems and socioeconomic systems. The Linkage Mapper tool was used to extract ecological corridors, and thus ecological barrier points and pinch points were identified to implement ecological restoration. ESPs included 158 ecological sources according to the results. In more detail, the ecological sources and corridors were mainly distributed in the area dominated by ecosystem indicators, whereas the central urban area contributed less ecological sources, which indicates that the trade-off between ecosystems and socioeconomic systems has a significant impact on the construction of ESPs. Specifically, 406 ecological corridors were classified into different resistance levels to extract 433.26 km2 barrier points and 458.51 km2 pinch points. The study also proposed primary and secondary ecological restoration strategies for medium-, high- and low-resistance corridors based on the optimization of ESPs, which could not only improve ecosystem quality, but also fulfil the demands of human well-being. The integration of ecosystems and socioeconomic systems improves the existing methods for identifying ecological sources and restoration priority areas, and provides a scientific basis for balancing the development of urbanization and ecological protection in metropolitan regions.