bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Spatiotemporal variation of water balance components in Mashhad catchment, Iran: Investigating the impact of changes in climatic data and land use
Authors: Zarei Mahdi , Ghazavi Reza , Abdollahi Khodayar , Ranzi Roberto , Teegavarapu Ramesh S. V. , Barontini Stefano
Published: February 2024

The research aims to investigate the spatiotemporal changes of water balance components and distinguish the relative impacts of climatic data and land-use on groundwater level in northeastern Iran. This investigation employs the WetSpass-M model to estimate water balance and the Mann-Kendall test alongside Sen's slope estimator to evaluate trend. The study also assesses mean annual water balance components, considering diverse combinations of land-use and soil. The findings offer a hydrological insight, revealing that 14% of precipitation results in runoff, 29% of that recharging the aquifer; the remaining portion is lost through evapotranspiration. The trends in precipitation and simulated water components are not significant but a significant downward trend in groundwater is observed beyond a specific point in time. Based on this outcome, as well as the analysis of land-use changes, it was speculated that human activities in this fast-developing region might be implicated in the decline in groundwater levels. Analysis of water balance components in various soil and land-use combinations indicates that evapotranspiration exhibits greater variability within the land-cover class, while recharge is more influenced by soil texture. These findings enhance our understanding for identifying potential sites for artificial recharge and determining sustainable groundwater withdrawals based on spatiotemporal recharge patterns.
Study of MicroRNA-124 in Patients with Lupus Nephritis
Authors: Abdelsalam Mostafa , Zaki Maysaa El Sayed , Abo El-Kheir Nermin Youssef , Foda Salama Mona , Osman Asmaa Osama Bakr Seddik
Published: February 2024

Background:

Lupus nephritis is associated with a six-fold increase in mortality compared
with the general population. MicroRNAs studies revealed that increased MicroRNA -21
and MicroRNA -155 levels represent risk factors for active LN patients. MicroRNAs can be
used as biomarkers in the diagnosis of clinical stages of LN.

Objectives:

The present study aimed to determine the level of miR-124 in patients with lupus
nephritis by reverse transcriptase real-time polymerase chain reaction compared to healthy control
and correlate its levels with biochemical findings in those patients.

Methods:

The study was a case-control study that included fifty patients with lupus nephritis in
addition to fifty healthy controls. Blood samples from the participants were subjected to the determination
of serological markers of SLE. Moreover, real-time PCR was used for the determination
of miR-124.

Results:

The comparison of Micro-RNA124 between patients and control subjects revealed a
statistically significant decrease in Micro-RNA124 in patients (1.193 ± 0.56) compared to the
control (3.36 ± 0.50, p < 0.001); the comparison of the level of MicroRNA 124 in the patients
with different clinical and serological findings of SLE revealed a significant decrease in the level
of MicroRNA 124 in patients with muscular findings (1.02 ± 0.5) compared to the patients
with negative manifestations (1.47 ± 0.5, p =0.005)

Conclusion:

In the present study, a comparison of MicroRNA-124 in LN patients with different
stages compared to normal control showed a statistically significant decrease in Micro-RNA124
in patients with lupus nephritis p < 0.001 with significant correlation to the patients’ different
clinical and serological findings of SLE. Therefore, it may be used as a new noninvasive therapeutic
approach to monitor response to therapy, predict relapses, and identify the degree of the
activity of the disease or the progression to the chronic stage.
Comorbidity, Eating Behaviors and Smartphone Addiction in Italian
Nurses’ Characteristics
Authors: Vitale Elsa , Mea Rocco
Published: February 2024

Background:

Evidence suggested how nurses experienced worse lifestyles than the
general population by recording deterioration rates in healthy conditions.

Aim:

To assess differences between comorbidity, eating behavior, and smartphone addiction
according to sex, Body Mass Index (BMI), age, work experience, shift, alcohol assumption, and
physical activity in Italian nurses.

Methods:

An online questionnaire was spread through some professional internet pages. Data included
demographic characteristics, the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), the Italian Version of
the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire, and the Smartphone Addiction Scale (SAS-SV).

Results:

A total of 456 nurses were recruited. Significant differences were registered in the
smartphone addiction score (p=0.030) and BMI scores and work experience (p=0.001), as underweight
participants reported higher scores in the smartphone addiction attitude (2.4714 ±
1.25812) than the other subjects and also participants with the highest number of years in work
experience also reported higher smartphone addiction scores (2.8074 ± 1.2022). Significant difference
was reported in the CCI scores according to age (p<0.001): subjects aged over 61 years
recorded higher scores in the CCI (1.67 ± 1.528) and also according to work experience and
CCI scores (p<0.001), as participants employed between 21 and 30 years reported higher scores
in the CCI (1.27 ± 1.382) and also to night shift (p=0.037), as participants who worked during
the night shift also reported higher scores in the CCI. A significant difference was reported only
for restrained eating attitude (p=0.034), as participants who declared to assume alcohol 2-3
times per month recorded higher levels in this eating attitude aspect (32.32 ± 7.181).

Conclusion::

Female nurses, overweight and obese nurses with low physical activity practice,
seemed to spend more time with their smartphones. Healthcare organizations should consider
findings to prevent unhealthy lifestyles among nurses, which could negatively influence the
whole healthcare system.
Pancreas as an Unusual Metastatic Site of Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma:
A Case of Very Long-term Follow-up Under Prolonged Treatment with
Somatostatin Analogues
Authors: Raia Salvatore , Chiloiro Sabrina , Giampietro Antonella , Maratta Maria Grazia , Attili Fabia , Brizi Maria Gabriella , Rufini Vittoria , De Marinis Laura , Pontecorvi Alfredo , Rindi Guido , Schinzari Giovanni , Bianchi Antonio
Published: February 2024

Background:

Pancreatic metastases from medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) are
exceptional. Imaging and treatment based on somatostatin receptors may play a role, though the
evidence is unconvincing.

Case Presentation:

We have, herein, documented a unique case of metastatic MTC, where pancreatic
metastasis was identified by 68Ga-PET/CT, with the disease showing very slow progression
during treatment with lanreotide autogel. A 51-year-old woman underwent total thyroidectomy
for goiter in 2000, with a postoperative diagnosis of MTC. Due to persistent disease, somatostatin
analogues (SSA) treatment commenced in 2005, following a positive acute octreotide
test. In 2012, a pathology-confirmed pancreatic metastasis was diagnosed via
68Gallium-positron emission tomography (68Ga-PET/CT). The disease progressed very slowly
over 17 years of SSA treatment.

Conclusion:

This uncommon case of pancreatic metastasis from MTC indicates that nuclear
medicine techniques might offer valuable additional information. Extended treatment with
lanreotide autogel appears to correlate with very slow disease progression in selected patients.
Sulphur Amino Acids: How Important is it to Set Reference Ranges for
Each Population?
Authors: Araújo Helena Caldeira , Florindo Cristina , Gomes Alexandra , Caio João , Castro Rita , Rivera Isabel
Published: February 2024

Introduction:

Metabolism of sulfur amino acids requires an optimal interplay between nutritional demand, enzymes, transporters, and adequate dietary intake of B vitamins.
Insufficient intake and excess are detrimental, and concentrations depend on health status.
However, plasma aminothiol concentrations, previously reported in healthy subjects using highly sensitive methods, vary considerably, and age- and gender differences were observed. Therefore, defining age- and gender-specific ranges for each population is crucial to evaluate the
meaning of plasma thiol redox state in health and disease

Methods:

A healthy Portuguese pediatric population (n=90), aged 9- (n=38) and 17-year-old
(n=52), was evaluated. Plasma aminothiols, total homocysteine (tHcy), cysteine (tCys), glutathione (tGSH) and γ-glutamylcysteine (tγ-Glu-Cys), were analysed as SBD-F derivatives by
HPLC with fluorescence detection.

Results/Case Report:

Mean plasma concentrations (SD) for the 9- and the 17-year-old groups,
were as following: tHcy = 4.58 (0.98); 8.13 (3.27) µM, p < 0.001; tCys = 207.34 (32.07); 198.59
(21.24) µM, p = 0.274; tGSH = 4.54 (1.08); 5.20 (1.84) µM, p = 0.123 and tγ-Glu-Cys = 1.47
(0.30); 1.06 (0.28) µM, p < 0.001, respectively. No statistically significant differences were
found between males and females in the 9-year-old group. However, in the 17-year-old group,
significant differences between genders were observed for tHcys (p < 0.001) and tγ-Glu-Cys (p
= 0.039), with males presenting the highest concentrations. When correlating the four thiols’
plasma concentrations, only the precursors of glutathione, tγ-Glu-Cys and tCys, were positively
correlated (r = 0.450, p < 0.001).

Conclusion:

Our results showed significant differences in tHcy and tγ-Glu-Cys levels across
both age groups, which increased and decreased with age, respectively. It is interesting to highlight that in the 17-year-old group, tHcy and tγ-Glu-Cys levels were higher in males than in females. These observations showed that age and gender influence plasma levels of thiols, which
may impact cellular oxidative status. In conclusion, setting age and gender distinct ranges for
each specific population is of utmost importance for understanding disease mechanisms and the
effectiveness of therapeutic interventions.
STOPP-START Criteria Used to Identify the Elderly Population Prone to
Potentially Inadequate Prescribing in a Colombian Cohort
Authors: Zambrano Loren , Bustos Rosa-Helena , Beltran Edgar , Gomez Daniel , Arias Sara , Briceño Wilson
Published: February 2024

Background:

Elderly people have multiple comorbidities that often require treatment
with multiple medications. Having strategies to lessen the risks associated with pharmacological
interactions and potentially inadequate prescribing (PIP) is of major importance. The STOPP–
START criteria are useful in identifying PIP along with other tools, such as LASA (look
alike/sound alike) drugs and high-risk medications (HRM).

Objective:

We aimed to clinically and sociodemographically characterize the population with
PIP according to the STOPP–START criteria in hospitalized elderly patients over 6 months in a
third-level hospital in Colombia, South America. We also aimed to calculate the prevalence of
PIP, LASA drugs and HRM and to identify other problems related with medication. Finally, we
proposed an algorithm for the identification of PIP in this population.

Methods and Materials:

This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study in hospitalized patients
older than 60 years during the first semester of 2021 to identify PIP according to STOPP–
START criteria. An analysis of clinical and sociodemographic variables was conducted, as well
as the construction of an algorithm to identify PIP in the elderly in a semiautomated way. Data
were collected and analyzed using the software SPSS 2021, using descriptive statistics and
measures of central tendency.

Results:

The prevalence of PIP in the study population was 25%. Furthermore, 60% of patients
had one problem related to medication, and 27% used at least one LASA drug or HRM.

Conclusion:

This study allows one to characterize, for the first time, the Colombian population
prone to PIP, as well as the construction of an algorithm that identifies PIP in a semiautomated
way.
Development and In vitro Assessment of Topical Microemulsion Based
Pluronic-Lecithin Organogel for the Management of Arthritic Pain
Authors: Yadav Abhishek , Jhawat Vikas , Singh Rahul Pratap , Chauhan Sunita , Dutt Rohit , Goyal Rajesh , Singh Deependra
Published: February 2024

Background:

Topical delivery of NSAIDs through organogels might transport lornoxicam
to the site of action, minimizing gastrointestinal problems and adverse effects.

Methods:

In the current investigation, a lecithin organogel containing lornoxicam was made by
microemulsion method. For this purpose, a certain amount of pure soya lecithin was dispersed in
suitable isopropyl myristate as a dispersant and emulsifier at room temperature to form the oily
phase. The lecithin was completely dissolved in the combination by the next morning. Sorbic acid
was then added to the mixture as a preservative, Pluronic F-127 and potassium sorbate were
weighed out, and then they were mixed with cold water to create an aqueous phase, and menthol
was added. On the next morning, lornoxicam, the active component, became soluble in polyethylene
glycol-400 and combined with the lecithin isopropyl palmitate mixture. The oily portion
was agitated using a mechanical stirrer at 400 rpm while the aqueous phase was introduced
gradually.

Results:

The lornoxicam organogel preparation was it was assessed for its physical appearance,
organoleptic characteristics, consistency, gelation temperature, drug content, and in vitro release
studies. The active ingredient content of formulation F5 was the highest at 93.33. Formulations
F4 and F5 were selected for kinetic studies because they had all physical characteristics under
reasonable limits, the active ingredient level was the greatest, and the active ingredient release
was the fastest in eight hours.

Conclusion:

The transdermal organogel formulation of lornoxicam was found to be effective for
topical distribution of the drug and when administered topically, it has strong anti-inflammatory
and anti-rheumatic action.
Non-Canonical Targets of MicroRNAs: Role in Transcriptional Regulation,
Disease Pathogenesis and Potential for Therapeutic Targets
Authors: Ray Aishwarya , Sarkar Abhisek , Banerjee Sounak , Biswas Kaushik
Published: February 2024

MicroRNAs are a class of regulatory, non-coding small ribonucleic acid (RNA) molecules found in eukaryotes. Dysregulated expression of microRNAs can lead to downreg-ulation or upregulation of their target gene. In general, microRNAs bind with the Argonaute protein and its interacting partners to form a silencing complex. This silencing complex binds with fully or partial complementary sequences in the 3’-UTR of their cognate target mRNAs and leads to degradation of the transcripts or translational inhibition, respectively. However, recent developments point towards the ability of these microRNAs to bind to the promoters, enhancers or coding sequences, leading to upregulation of their target genes. This review briefly summarizes the various non-canonical binding sites of microRNAs and their regulatory roles in various diseased conditions
Crocin-loaded Niosomal Nanoparticles Reversing Cytotoxicity and Oxidative Stress in HEK293 Cell Line Exposed to Paraquat: An In vitro Study
Authors: Harsin Akram Oftadeh , Makhdoomi Sajjad , Soleimani Meysam , Firozian Farzin , Nili-Ahmadabadi Amir , Ranjbar Akram
Published: February 2024

Background:

Paraquat (PQ) is an effective herbicide which is widely used around the
world to remove weeds in agriculture. As a water-soluble carotenoid, crocin is a pharmacologically
active constituent of C. sativus L. (saffron).

Objectives:

In the present study, we investigated the effects of crocin-loaded niosomes (Cro-NIO)
compared to free crocin on PQ-induced toxicity in the eukaryotic human embryonic kidney
(HEK293) cell line.

Methods:

The Cro-NIO was synthesized and characterized. Cell viability was determined using the
MTT assay in PQ-exposed HEK293 cell lines. The activities of biochemical markers were quantitatively
determined to reveal the potential mechanism of PQ-induced oxidative stress in HEK293 cell
line.

Results:

The particle size, zeta potential, polydispersity index (PDI), DL, and EE of Cro-NIO were
145.4 ± 19.5 nm, -22.3 ± 3.11 mV, 0.3 ± 0.03, 1.74 ± 0.01%, and 55.3 ± 7.1%, respectively. PQtreated
HEK293 cell lines decreased cell viability. The results of oxidative status showed that PQ
significantly could increase ROS accumulation, accompanied by a decreasing antioxidant defense
system. However, treatment with Cro-NIO, compared to crocin, not only did dose-dependently improve
the cell viability but also significantly attenuated the ROS accumulation and increased antioxidant
markers.

Conclusion:

According to these results, Cro-NIO, compared to crocin, was superior to ameliorating
PQ-induced cytotoxicity and oxidative damage in HEK293 cells.
Decoding Therapeutic Applications of Quercetin: Recent Advancements in
Nanotechnological Strategies
Authors: Grewal Sonam , Tiwary Neha , Malik Gaurav , Garg Madhukar , Deswal Geeta , Chopra Bhawna , Grewal Ajmer Singh , Dhingra Ashwani K. , Guarve Kumar
Published: February 2024

For centuries, people have used herbal medicine to treat a diversity of health complications
and as a natural substance, they have a favourable effect on our health. Herbal ingredients can be utilized
as lead molecules in the innovation and development of a new drug. Flavonoids are a class of
chemical compounds with diverse phenolic structures, and they are found in a wide variety of foods,
including fruits, vegetables, cereals, bark, roots, stems, flowers, tea, and wine. Quercetin is the most
prevalent polyphenolic bioflavonoid or flavonoid. Quercetin is found in many food products and has
demonstrated a wide range of pharmacological activities, including the treatment of allergies, ocular
diseases, metabolic ailments, inflammatory illnesses, cardiovascular ailments and arthritis. Quercetin
has attracted interest as an emerging pharmacophore with the potential to significantly advance research
and the development of novel therapeutic medicines for a variety of diseases. Despite having a
huge therapeutic potential, these flavonoids have unfavourable pharmacokinetic characteristics, low
bioavailability, and poor solubility, limiting their application in therapeutics. The objective of the current
study is to present a new update on the major therapeutic uses of quercetin and other types of
nanocarriers that contain quercetin to treat various ailments.
Characterizing Nanoparticle Isolated by Yam Bean (Pachyrhizus erosus) as a Potential Agent for Nanocosmetics: An in vitro and in vivo Approaches
Authors: Kusnandar Maesa Ranggawati , Wibowo Indra , Barlian Anggraini
Published: February 2024

Background:

This study investigated the potential of Plant-Derived Exosome-Like Nanoparticles
(PDENs) as cosmeceutical nanocarriers for treating skin problems, such as scar removal,
face rejuvenation, anti-aging, and anti-pigmentation.

Objective:

Researchers isolated PDENs from Yam Bean (Pachyrhizus erosus) using PEG-based precipitation,
gradual filtration, and various centrifugations at low temperatures. Followed by in vitro and
in vivo studies using HDF cells and Zebrafish.

Methods:

The morphology of the YB-PDENs was determined using TEM analysis, they had a spherical
shape with diameters of 236,83 ± 9,27 nm according to PSA. The study found that YB-PDENs
were stable in aquabidest at 4°C for one month of storage and had ~-26,5 mV of Zeta Potential. The
concentration of YB-PDENs was measured using the BCA Assay, and internalization of YB-PDENs
to HDF cells was observed using a Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope labelled with PKH67.

Results:

As for cytotoxicity, after 24 and 72 hours of incubation with YB-PDENs, the viability of
HDF cells remained more than 80%. The study also examined cell migration using the Scratch Assay
and found that at 2,5 μg/mL, YB-PDENs had better migration results than other concentrations. Immunocytochemistry
showed that collagen expression was higher after 14 days of incubation with YBPDENs,
and melanocytes in zebrafish decreased at each concentration compared with controls.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, this study is the first to extract and describe PDENs from Yam Bean
(Pachyrhizus erosus), with YB-PDENs having a promising anti-melanogenic effect in skin treatment.
This study highlights the potential of YB-PDENs as a promising alternative to depigmentation and
skin whitening treatments.
Green Chemistry and In silico Techniques for Synthesis of Novel
Pyranopyrazole and Pyrazolo-pyrano-pyrimidine Derivatives as
Promising Antifungal Agents
Authors: Asgaonkar Kalyani Dhirendra , Chitre Trupti Sameer , Patil Shital Manoj , Shevate Krishna Sambhajirao , Sagar Ashwini Kishan , Ghate Dipti Dattatray , Shah Parth Anil
Published: February 2024

Background:

Every year Invasive Fungal Infections (IFI) are globally affecting millions
of people. Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger have been reported as the most infectious
and mortality-inducing fungal strains among all pathogenic fungi.

Aim & Objective:

To tackle this problem in the current study Pyranopyrazoles and Pyrazolopyrano-
pyrimidine derivatives were developed using molecular hybridization, green chemistry
and one-pot multicomponent reaction.

Material and Method:

In the present work, New Chemical entities (NCE’s) were developed
on the basis of Structure activity relationship. All designed NCE’s were screened for ADMET
studies using the QikProp module of Schrodinger software. NCE’s with zero violations were
further docked on the crystal structure of 14α demethylase, cytochrome P450 and thymidine
synthase (PDB ID: 5V5Z, 7SHI, 1BID). Selected molecules were synthesized using green
chemistry techniques and evaluated for in vitro antifungal activity against Candida albicans and
Aspergillus niger.

Result and Discussion:

Designed NCE’s (B1-12 and C1-11) showed favorable results in ADMET
studies. In the docking study six compounds from series-B and five molecules from series-
C showed good dock score and binding interaction when compared with the standard drugs.
Compounds B-3 and C-4 showed the highest zone of inhibition activity against Candida albicans,
where as B-1 and C-3 had shown highest zone of inhibition activity against Aspergillus
niger.

Conclusion:

Bicyclic ring (series B) showed better activity as compare to fused tricyclic ring
(series C).
A modeling of repurchase intention in Sharia hotels: An integrated model of price, location, religiosity, trust, and satisfaction
Authors: Febriandika Nur Rizqi , Millatina Afifah Nur
Published: February 2024

In the tourism sector, there is a growing interest in Sharia Tourism or Halal Tourism, which appeals to Muslim travelers. The halal industry presents a promising business opportunity, especially in Indonesia, where the majority of the population is Muslim. As the country with the highest number of Muslims globally, Indonesia significantly contributes to halal tourism's growth. The prevalence of biased views toward hotels has encouraged industry stakeholders to innovate and adopt concepts that align with societal values and norms. This research focuses on identifying factors that influence customers' decisions to return to Sharia-compliant hotels. The study, which is quantitative in nature, involved distributing an online questionnaire to 247 participants who have stayed in Islamic hotels. It employs structural equation modeling (SEM) to analyze the data. Key variables include price, location, religiosity, and trust as independent factors, with satisfaction serving as a mediator. Findings indicate a positive correlation between the variables of price, location, religiosity, trust, and both satisfaction and the intention to repurchase. Satisfaction emerged as the most significant factor in encouraging customers to return, with trust playing a crucial role in enhancing satisfaction.
Impact of Virtual Reality–Based Group Activities on Activity Level and Well-Being Among Older Adults in Nursing Homes: Longitudinal Exploratory Study
Authors: Li Yijun , Wilke Carlotta , Shiyanov Irina , Muschalla Beate
Published: February 2024

Background

In addition to illness, inactivity is a risk factor for high mortality in nursing homes. Using innovative technology, such as virtual reality (VR), for meaningful group activities could provide new opportunities for solving this problem. VR interventions have already been approved as a promising method for enhancing the health of older adults.

Objective

In this study, we examined whether VR-based group activities can have a positive impact on activity level and group interaction among older adults living in nursing homes.

Methods

We conducted a longitudinal study and provided VR interventions as a group activity once a week for 4 consecutive weeks in nursing homes. Participants were recruited based on the experience of the nursing staff members and the natural decisions of the older adults. Within a virtual cottage, designed according to the needs of the target group, older adults were able to perform daily tasks that they were no longer able to do in real life, such as gardening and making pizza. Overall, 2 psychologists measured the psychosocial capacities, activities of daily life, and well-being before and after the interventions using standardized instruments.

Results

The results focus on a total of 84 older adults from 14 nursing homes who completed at least 3 VR interventions. The results indicate that several psychosocial capacities among the older adults improved, including adherence to regulations (P<.001; η²=0.122), flexibility (P<.001; η²=0.109), and group integration (P<.001; η²=0.141). Problems related to competence also showed a slight decrease (P=.04; η²=0.039). In addition, the VR intervention promoted their proactivity (P<.001; η²=0.104) and mobility (P=.04; η²=0.039). During the VR group intervention, older adults’ well-being could be maintained at a high level. The results highlight the beneficial effects of VR intervention as a meaningful activity in nursing homes, showcasing the potential of VR applications in this setting.

Conclusions

This study provides a novel and naturalistic perspective, offering new insights into the use of VR in nursing homes. The VR intervention was well accepted and fulfilled the aim of enhancing capacity and well-being. It could be a meaningful group activity in nursing homes to improve social group interaction. To provide stronger evidence, randomized controlled trials are necessary.
Cost, Usability, Credibility, Fairness, Accountability, Transparency, and Explainability Framework for Safe and Effective Large Language Models in Medical Education: Narrative Review and Qualitative Study
Authors: Quttainah Majdi , Mishra Vinaytosh , Madakam Somayya , Lurie Yotam , Mark Shlomo
Published: February 2024

Background

The world has witnessed increased adoption of large language models (LLMs) in the last year. Although the products developed using LLMs have the potential to solve accessibility and efficiency problems in health care, there is a lack of available guidelines for developing LLMs for health care, especially for medical education.

Objective

The aim of this study was to identify and prioritize the enablers for developing successful LLMs for medical education. We further evaluated the relationships among these identified enablers.

Methods

A narrative review of the extant literature was first performed to identify the key enablers for LLM development. We additionally gathered the opinions of LLM users to determine the relative importance of these enablers using an analytical hierarchy process (AHP), which is a multicriteria decision-making method. Further, total interpretive structural modeling (TISM) was used to analyze the perspectives of product developers and ascertain the relationships and hierarchy among these enablers. Finally, the cross-impact matrix-based multiplication applied to a classification (MICMAC) approach was used to determine the relative driving and dependence powers of these enablers. A nonprobabilistic purposive sampling approach was used for recruitment of focus groups.

Results

The AHP demonstrated that the most important enabler for LLMs was credibility, with a priority weight of 0.37, followed by accountability (0.27642) and fairness (0.10572). In contrast, usability, with a priority weight of 0.04, showed negligible importance. The results of TISM concurred with the findings of the AHP. The only striking difference between expert perspectives and user preference evaluation was that the product developers indicated that cost has the least importance as a potential enabler. The MICMAC analysis suggested that cost has a strong influence on other enablers. The inputs of the focus group were found to be reliable, with a consistency ratio less than 0.1 (0.084).

Conclusions

This study is the first to identify, prioritize, and analyze the relationships of enablers of effective LLMs for medical education. Based on the results of this study, we developed a comprehendible prescriptive framework, named CUC-FATE (Cost, Usability, Credibility, Fairness, Accountability, Transparency, and Explainability), for evaluating the enablers of LLMs in medical education. The study findings are useful for health care professionals, health technology experts, medical technology regulators, and policy makers.
Body Metaphor and Educational Strategy of Lingnan Hakka Female Dance
Authors: Wang Qing
Published: February 2024

This paper attempts to clarify the Hakka dance concept that “body” carries the change of social ideology and life experience of ethnic groups, symbolizes the female image that occupies the dominant position of social culture, and then promotes the connection between Hakka tradition and modern cultural memory in the process of promoting the historical narrative and cultural composition of Hakka ethnic groups through female body discourse. It also presents the cultural narration and historical reflection of Hakka ethnic group.
Green Building: Energy Efficiency Optimisation Strategies using MATLAB
Authors: Meena Pravesh
Published: February 2024

Abstract: This research paper explores the integration of optimization techniques in the realm of green building construction, aiming to minimize environmental impact while maximizing resource efficiency. With the pressing need to mitigate climate change and reduce the carbon footprint of the construction industry, the study investigates various methodologies for optimizing the design, materials, and processes involved in sustainable building practices. The paper delves into the core principles of green building, emphasizing the importance of energy efficiency, renewable resources, and innovative construction techniques. It analyzes the application of optimization models, such as life cycle assessment (LCA), Building Information Modeling (BIM), and parametric design, in streamlining decision- making processes throughout the building life cycle. Moreover, the research assesses case studies and real-world implementations of optimization strategies in green building projects across different geographical locations and scales. It examines the economic feasibility, environmental benefits, and social impacts of these strategies, emphasizing the need for a holistic approach to sustainable construction. By synthesizing existing knowledge and exploring novel approaches, this paper aims to provide insights into the role of optimization in advancing the goals of green building, ultimately contributing to the creation of more ecofriendly and resilient built environments
Interactive Human 3D Model with Conventional AI
Authors: Jayakar Kashmira , Sonawane Payal , Shirke Samruddhi , Garkar Shubham
Published: February 2024

Abstract: The convergence of interactive human 3D models with conventional artificial intelligence (AI) represents a groundbreaking fusion of computer graphics and intelligent systems. This interdisciplinary field combines advanced 3D modeling techniques with classical AI methodologies to create interactive virtual representations of humans. Rigorous studies in 3D modeling and animation form the basis for lifelike avatars, while conventional AI empowers these models with the ability to understand user inputs, make contextually relevant decisions, and engage in dynamic and responsive interactions. At the heart of this innovation is the emphasis on human-computer interaction (HCI), leveraging principles such as gesture recognition, voice commands, and user-friendly interfaces to enhance user experiences. The integration extends into virtual and augmented reality (VR/AR), providing users with immersive and engaging environments where interactive 3D human models come to life. Applications of this technology span a wide array of fields, including virtual companionship, education, healthcare simulations, entertainment, and training scenarios. The impact is transformative, offering new possibilities for human-machine interactions and redefining traditional approaches to AI applications. However, the burgeoning field is not without challenges. Privacy concerns, ethical considerations related to realistic human representation, and the societal impact of interactive 3D models necessitate careful examination. This abstract provides a glimpse into the technical intricacies of creating lifelike models, the intelligence driving their interactive capabilities, and the broader implications for diverse applications and industries. As research and development progress, the collaboration of computer graphics and AI not only opens new avenues but also prompts a thoughtful reevaluation of the evolving relationship between humans and intelligent, interactive 3D representations.
Review - Construction Safety Management using Deep Learning and Computer Vision
Authors: D Dr. Kalaivani
Published: February 2024

Abstract: SafeZone is a deep learning and computer vision model that is aimed at improving the safety of construction workers and reducing potential hazards at construction sites. Three aspects are taken into consideration while designing the model – whether workers are wearing safety gear, potential accident zones at the site, and check for the quality of materials given to the workers. This project is intended to automate the task of identifying lack of safety and potential hazards at construction sites and subsequent implementation of safety measures to eliminate the chance of accidents. A vast majority of industrial work-sites are often never automated - and instead, manually supervised with minor application of object-based sensor technology. The project will attempt to bridge this gap with the help of Convolutional Neural Networks - which allows for a streamlined, utilitarian and flexible suite of tools that help supervisors and on-site working personnel in keeping their heads on a swivel.
Future Challenges and Opportunities of Marine Algae in Cosmeceuticals
Authors: Jain Dr. Ankita
Published: February 2024

Abstract: Marine algae have garnered significant attention in the cosmeceutical industry due to their diverse array of bioactive compounds and unique properties. As the demand for sustainable and effective skincare solutions rises, marine algae offer a promising avenue for innovation. This study explores the future challenges and opportunities of utilizing marine algae in cosmeceuticals. One of the foremost challenges lies in the sustainable sourcing and cultivation of marine algae to meet the growing demand while preserving marine ecosystems. Overcoming this challenge requires advancements in biotechnology, including the development of efficient cultivation techniques and sustainable harvesting practice. Cosmetics are widely used by people around the world to protect the skin from external stimuli. Consumer preference towards natural cosmetic products has increased as the synthetic cosmetic products caused adverse side effects and resulted in low absorption rate due to the chemicals’ larger molecular size. The cosmetic industry uses the term “cosmeceutical”, referring to a cosmetic product that is claimed to have medicinal or drug-like benefits. Marine algae are rich in bioactive substances that have shown to exhibit strong benefits to the skin, particularly in overcoming rashes, pigmentation, aging, and cancer. The current review provides a detailed survey of the literature on cosmeceutical potentials and applications of algae as skin whitening, anti-aging, anticancer, antioxidant, antiinflammation, and antimicrobial agents. The biological functions of algae and the underlying mechanisms of all these activities are included in this review. In addition, the challenges of using algae in cosmeceutical applications, such as the effectiveness of different extraction methods and processing, quality assurance, and regulations concerning extracts of algae in this sector were also discussed.
The Integration of AI and Devops in the Field of Information Technology and Its Prospective Evolution in the United States
Authors: Srivastava Sarthak , Singh Manish
Published: February 2024

Abstract: This study investigated the collaborative role of AI and DevOps within the field of information technology and its significance for the United States. The research revealed that DevOps systems can pose significant challenges without the integration of artificial intelligence. AI and DevOps synergize to enhance efficiency in managing diverse tasks within the information technology domain. The exponential growth in data volume presents difficulties for DevOps teams in swiftly assimilating and addressing consumer issues. The automation trend has positioned DevOps as a vital component of information technology, facilitating efficient software delivery and faster market entry, resulting in more stable products. Furthermore, AIpowered technologies hold great potential for addressing critical issues such as national security. The research recommends organizations adopt AI-driven deployments within their DevOps environments. Given the limitations of computer processing capacity, artificial intelligence serves as a solution for storing, processing, and analyzing vast datasets. To grasp AI's role in DevOps, it's essential to understand their interdependency and its impact on AI. While companies recognize the potential of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning, the lack of proper knowledge impedes their full utilization. In the realm of software development, DevOps faces inherent challenges that AI systems can effectively address, playing a pivotal role in advancing digital transformation.
Drug Discovery and the Role of Artificial Intelligence in Human Healthcare
Authors: Thakor Yashvi , Ansari Prof. Gufran Ahmad
Published: February 2024

Abstract: The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into healthcare and drug development has catalyzed an era of change in medical research and patient care. This research paper examines the evolving landscape of drug development and highlights the central role of artificial intelligence in advancing human healthcare. By combining data-driven approaches with advanced machine learning algorithms, AI can transform target identification, molecular screening, lead optimization and clinical trial design. In healthcare, AI applications include medical image analysis, disease diagnosis, personalized medicine, electronic health information management and more, promising better patient care, cost reduction and advances in medical research. However, these innovations come with challenges such as data protection, bias, regulatory barriers and ethical issues. The article highlights the potential of AI in drug development and healthcare and discusses similar AI-based solutions and methods. It also addresses issues related to data protection, interoperability, data quality, regulatory approval, ethical issues and resource constraints. Responsible development and implementation are critical to the safety and effectiveness of healthcare AI applications. Future work includes improving explainability, promoting knowledge sharing and collaboration, creating ethical frameworks, adapting regulatory processes, integrating AI into clinical practice, and addressing global health disparities. Through collaboration and continued research, AI holds the promise of revolutionizing healthcare, leading to better patient outcomes and a brighter future for medicine.
Walk, run, jump and learn: Interactive multimedia for teaching locomotor skills in primary schools
Authors: Ockta Yovhandra , Umar U. , Komaini Anton , Firdaus Kamal , Padli P. , Masrun M.
Published: February 2024

Technology drives the development of interactive and customizable learning media, catering to diverse learner needs. The learning media in locomotor motion educational game applications in PE learning is the result of this research. This research develops interactive learning media using Construct 2 software on locomotor motion material for third graders students. This research applies the Brog and Gall model of research and development (R&D), involving media experts, material experts, physical education (PE) teachers, and students. The practicality test engaged PE teachers from three distinct schools, yielding an impressive average score of 98.89%, indicative of excellent practicality. The development of Construct 2-based learning media has proven very feasible to be used as an interactive learning media to increase student interest and participation in locomotor motion learning, creating an attractive and relevant learning atmosphere with the demands of today's all-digital era.
Studi Formulasi dan Karakteristik Fisik Serum Spray Kombinasi Ceramide dan Tea Tree Oil serta Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Menggunakan Metode DPPH
Authors: Sasmitasari Diana , Pratiwi Elasari Dwi , Kumala Sari Diah Indah
Published: February 2024

Paparan sinar matahari menyebabkan kulit menjadi kusam karena mengandung radiasi sinar UV yang dapat merusak lapisan kulit. Penggunaan kosmetik yang mengandung senyawa antioksidan seperti ceramide dan tea tree oil dapat melindungi kulit dari paparan sinar matahari. Ceramide dapat memperkuat skin barrier dan mencegah hilangnya kelembapan kulit yang berfungsi sebagai antiaging dan memberikan efek perbaikan pada kulit dengan menghambat sebagian efek yang tidak diinginkan terkait penuaan. Tea tree oil merupakan agen antioksidan yang berfungsi untuk menangkap radikal bebas, bahan penangkap radikal bebas meliputi α-terpinene, α-terpinolene dan γ-terpinene. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk membandingkan karakteristik fisik dan  nilai aktivitas antioksidan serum spray yang mengandung kombinasi zat aktif ceramide dan tea tree oil. Metode penelitian secara eksperimental dengan membuat formula sediaan serum spray kombinasi ceramide dan tea tree oil dengan variasi konsentrasi 0,5%, 0,75%, dan 1% kemudian dilakukan pengujian karakteristik fisik dan aktivitas antioksidan. Hasil evaluasi karakteristik fisik berpengaruh terhadap parameter warna, aroma, pH, viskositas, dan daya sebar, tetapi tidak berpengaruh terhadap parameter konsistensi dan homogenitas sediaan. Hasil evaluasi nilai aktivitas antioksidan dari masing-masing formula didapatkan nilai IC50 terhadap kontrol (+) ceramide sebesar 33,9 ppm, kontrol (+) TTO 43,92 ppm, F1 sebesar 28,77 ppm, F2 sebesar 27,34 ppm, F3 sebesar 15,26 ppm yang termasuk dalam kategori sangat kuat. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini yaitu dengan adanya peningkatan konsentrasi ceramide dan tea tree oil memberikan pengaruh terhadap karakteristik fisik sediaan dan nilai Inhibition Concentration (IC50).
Karakteristik Nanoemulsi Isolat Brazilin dari Tanaman Kayu Secang (Caesalpinia sappan L.) Asli Indonesia
Authors: Rachmaniar Revika , Permata Sari Intan , Andareza Arie , Fadillah Sehan , Rizky Lestario Jonathan
Published: February 2024

Brazilin merupakan isolat yang berasal dari tanaman kayu secang (Caesalpinia sappan L.) dan termasuk golongan flavonoid yang berfungsi sebagai antioksidan. Kelarutan brazilin dalam air kurang baik sehingga menghambat penetrasi ke dalam membran. Oleh sebab itu, kelarutan brazilin dalam air perlu ditingkatkan dengan cara membentuk brazilin dalam ukuran nanometer. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah memformulasi dan mengkarakterisasi nanoemulsi brazilin. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan untuk membentuk nanoemulsi brazilin adalah metode self-nanoemulsifying. Nanoemulsi brazilin mengandung 0,005% isolat brazilin, 27,5% Tween 80, 24,5% PEG 400, dan isopropil miristat dengan berbagai variasi konsentrasi. Isopropil miristat pada formula 1 sebanyak 6%, formula 2 sebanyak 10%, dan formula 3 sebanyak 20%. Karakterisasi nanoemulsi brazilin meliputi uji organoleptis, pH, viskositas, tipe nanoemulsi, sentrifugasi, transmitan, ukuran partikel, indeks polidispersitas, dan zeta potensial. Dari ketiga formula nanoemulsi brazilin, formula 1 memenuhi persyaratan nanoemulsi. Nanoemulsi brazilin formula 1 menunjukkan tidak ada pemisahan fase, viskositas dalam rentang 10-100 cP, nilai pH yang baik untuk kulit, transmitan yang jernih, ukuran partikel 49,1 ± 32,2 nm, indeks polidispersitas 0,324, dan zeta potensial -8,9 mV. Berdasarkan penelitian ini, kesimpulan yang diperoleh adalah brazilin berhasil diformulasi menjadi nanoemulsi menggunakan 27,5% Tween 80, 24,5% PEG 400, dan 6% isopropil miristat. Karakteristik nanoemulsi brazilin telah memenuhi persyaratan nanoemulsi dengan ukuran partikel sebesar 49,1 ± 32,2 nm.
Pengaruh Perbedaan Konsentrasi Ekstrak Etanol Kulit Jeruk Siam (Citrus nobilis var. microcarpa) terhadap Uji Stabilitas Fisik dan Kelembaban Kulit pada Sediaan Lotion
Authors: Arantika Jane , Hidayati Hidayati
Published: February 2024

Kulit jeruk memiliki kandungan vitamin C dan antioksidan kuat lebih banyak daripadabuahnya yang dapat berfungsi sebagai pelembab alami kulit sehingga dapat mengatasikulit kering. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi konsentrasi ekstrak5%, 7,5%, dan 15% terhadap uji stabilitas fisik dan uji kelembaban kulit pada sediaanlotion ekstrak etanol kulit jeruk Siam. Metode penelitian adalah penelitianeksperimental. Prosedur kerja terdiri dari identifikasi tanaman, pembuatan ekstrak,pembuatan sediaan, uji stabilitas fisik sediaan (uji organoleptik, uji pH, uji daya sebar,uji daya lekat dan uji homogenitas), uji iritasi dan uji kelembaban kulit. Data yangdiperoleh dianalisis secara statistik dengan uji ANOVA menggunakan SPSS. Hasilstabilitas fisik sediaan pada uji organoleptis dari ketiga formulasi tersebut menunjukkanwarna kuning muda sampai cokelat, bau black opium essense, bentuk semi solid,homogen, memiliki nilai pH kisaran 7,5-8,0, nilai daya sebar 5,5-7cm, dan daya lekat ≥4detik. Hasil dari pengujian stabilitas fisik sediaan semua telah memenuhipersyaratan/standar yang telah ditentukan dengan nilai signifikan (P<0,05). Hasil ujiiritasi tidak menunjukkan adanya iritasi dan hasil uji kelembaban adanya peningkatankelembaban kulit setiap minggu pada setiap formula dengan nilai signifikan (P<0,05).Formulasi terbaik yang dapat memberikan efek melembabkan yang paling tinggi adalahpada konsentrasi 15% (F3). Semakin tinggi kosentrasi ekstrak maka semakin tinggi nilaikelembabannya. Dari penelitian ini disimpulkan bahwa variasi konsentrasi ekstraketanol kulit jeruk Siam berpengaruh pada uji stabilitas fisik sediaan dan uji kelembabankulit.