bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Adipose-derived stem cells in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis: from extraction methods to the preparation of the transplant
Authors: Schweich-Adami Laynna de Carvalho , Hermeto Larissa Corrêa , Caramalac Silvana Marques , Antoniolli-Silva Andréia Conceição Milan Brochado , Oliveira Rodrigo Juliano
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Recent studies have investigated the use of adipose tissue as source of mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis in humans. However, there are still several protocols being performed. Objective: Analyze the protocols published in the literature in the last ten years and to investigate how they are being carried out and if they are following the criteria adopted by the International Federation for Adipose Therapeutics and Science (IFATS) and the International Society for Cellular Therapy (ISCT). Methodology: Articles from the PubMed, ScienceDirect and Lilacs database published in January / 2010 until the present time, which were evaluated in order to investigate the use of adipose-derived stem cells in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis. Results: Thirty four articles were evaluated in its entiraty. The abdominal area was the most choosen to do the liposuction, however the quantities of adipose tissue removed and the number of cells transplanted was variable.  It is hightlited the enzimatic digestion of adipose tissue with collagenase as extraction method. Only 14 articles complied all the 3 criteria required to prove the real presence of mesenchymal stem cells in the samples that was transplanted. However, all the articles showed improvement of function and pain. Final considerations: Thus, even the results found are promising, the evidence is still limited in humans and the variability of the methodology makes it difficult to standardize the technique, also its implementation as a reference in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis.
Relato de caso: Síndrome de Ramsay Hunt
Authors: Borges Mariana Queiroz , Caldeira Daniel Mansur , Rodrigues Ellen Camila , Sousa Neto Zeno Augusto de , Guedes Mariana Resende , Prado Ábner Pereira , Barros Silveira Murilo , Moura Aldenira Matias de , Carneiro Marcos Alexandre Diniz
Published: January 2022

O presente estudo tem como objetivo relatar um caso de uma mulher com Síndrome de Ramsay Hunt (SRH). Paciente do gênero feminino, 39 anos, apresentou lesão vascular em pavilhão auditivo externo direito, paralisia facial periférica ipsilateral, posteriormente apresentou perda auditiva parcial em audiometria, apresentando um caso quadro clássico de SRH. Dentre os exames laboratoriais apresentou-se sorologia reagente para Herpes Simplex tipo I e II, IgG reagente e Varícela Zoster, IgM e IgG reagentes. O tratamento utilizado foi aciclovir, tenofovir e predinisona, o que levou a uma melhora parcial da paralisia facial periférica associado ao desaparecimento das lesões. O quadro apresentado demonstra a importância de um diagnóstico precoce e o tratamento feito no período correto é imprescindível para um bom prognóstico, evitando a possível presença de sequelas nervosas motoras mutiladoras.
Situação epidemiológica da tuberculose na cidade de Santos-SP no período de 2006 - 2016
Authors: Jardine Matheus Budahazi , Carneiro João Guilherme Saenz , Lopes Lucca Moreira , Fortunato Hugo Garcia , Caseiro Marcos Montani
Published: January 2022

Análise estatística e da situação epidemiológica observada no município de Santos – SP entre 2006 e 2016. Avaliar a distribuição espacial dos casos de tuberculose ao longo dos anos e correlacionar a Tuberculose com demais variáveis epidemiológicas. Estudo de delineamento ecológico e tendencia temporal que visa avaliar estatisticamente os 4533 casos de Tuberculose. A análise dos resultados foi centralizada nas variáveis: Sexo, Encerramento, Drogadição e Municípios. Houve uma redução de 3% no número de casos entre 2006-2016. Com relação ao desfecho dos pacientes diagnosticados com Tuberculose, 72,7% dos casos foram curados na década avaliada, 4,75% faleceram devido a Tuberculose e 3,2% faleceram de demais causas. A taxa de abandono de tratamento foi de 15,2%. Os bairros que apresentaram maior número de casos ao longo dos dez anos foram: Rádio Club (354), Vila Matias (257), Vila Nova (220). O município de Santos apresentou uma variação no número de casos anuais ao longo do período estudado, com momentos de aumento e de redução no número de casos, mas com estabilização nos últimos anos avaliados.
Construction of European identity by the Pro-European Parties
Authors: ÖZOFLU Melek Aylin
Published: January 2022

The political scene of the European Union (EU) presents a discursive field where identity construction becomes
a vital tool for political parties to claim political credit and legitimize themselves. While pro-European parties
utilize the narratives of an in-group of European identity, Eurosceptic parties problematize the gap between
‘us’ and ‘them’ by employing narratives of intergroup differentiation as an instrument to re/shape the political
reality. The scholarly literature mostly focuses on Eurosceptic populist discourse and right-wing rhetoric relying
on discursive socio-political exclusion to form in-group identification of national identities. By adopting a
different stance, this article seeks to address the discursive strategies of the pro-European parties employed and
mobilized during the 2019 European Parliament election campaigns through the discourse historical approach.
It argues that it is of critical importance to reveal the pro-European discourse to reflect the pro-European stance
over the debates on the existing identity cleavage within the turbulent European political scene.
PEMANFAATAN MOBILE HEALTH GUNA MENDUKUNG EDUKASI KESEHATAN REPRODUKSI KELUARGA DI DUSUN MEJING LOR, AMBARKETAWANG, GAMPING, SLEMAN
Authors: Rahmatul Ilmi Laili
Published: January 2022

Era digitalisasi 4.0 menuntut masyarakat melek teknologi salah satunya dibidang kesehatan. Pemanfaatan aplikasi bidang kesehatan tidak hanya memberikan informasi kesehatan namun menstimulasi kesadaran masyarakat untuk hidup sehat. Banyak berkembang aplikasi kesehatan yang diakses secara gratis melalui mobile. Tujuan pengabdian masyarakat mengedukasi pemanfaatan aplikasi mobile health (M-health) yang tersedia di Android atau IOS mendukung kesadaran masyarakat untuk bisa mengikuti pola hidup sehat dan memiliki kemudahan akses informasi kesehatan. Aplikasi m-health tentang kesehatan reproduksi untuk remaja ataupun keluarga, masyarakat tidak perlu malu dan ragu untuk mendapatkan informasi perihal kesehatan organ vital reproduksi, edukasi perawatan dan informasi pra-post pernikahan dan lain halnya. Sasarannya adalah ibu PKK Dawis Kenikir, remaja di dusun Mejing Lor, RT 04, kel. Ambarketawang, Kec. Gamping, Kabupaten Sleman. Kegiatan ini diselenggarakan secara langsung atau luring dengan tetap mematuhi protokol kesehatan dimasa Pandemi Covid-19. Pelaksanaan kegiatan ini pada tahap pertama melakukan koordinasi dengan RT 04 Mejing Lor, Ambarketawang, Gamping, Sleman, tahap kedua penyampaian materi secara daring dan luring. bagi peserta yang tidak hadir dan luring bagi yang berkenan dengan batasan peserta 10 orang dan wajib disesuaikan dengan protocol kesehatan ketat.  Pemateri pertama membahas pentingnya kesehatan reprodoksi dan pemateri kedua tentang pemanfaatan aplikasi mhealth, dilanjutkan diskusi dengan peserta.
Unfit Assessments of Class 1 Medical Certificate Holders
Authors: Cairns Mark K.
Published: January 2022

INTRODUCTION: An aviation safety management system should consider and mitigate against all potential risks to flight safety. In addition to in-flight incapacitation, pilots falling below regulatory standards who are assessed as unfit may have represented a risk prior to that
assessment. An analysis was undertaken of Class 1 certificate holders to determine factors correlated with unfit assessments.METHODS: Fitness assessments of pre-existing Class 1 certificate holders following medical examinations (to EASA Part-MED standards) or between medicals were
studied between 1 January 2016 and 31 December 2019. Assessments where the outcome was ‘fit’ (N= 99,406) were compared with those where the outcome was ‘unfit’ (N= 7925). Analyses for correlation between unfit assessments against age, declared coexisting
medical conditions, and the number of days since last assessed as fit were undertaken using SPSS.RESULTS: Unfit assessment likelihood and age were strongly correlated; there is, however, evidence for the ‘healthy worker effect’, with a fall in unfit assessments between
60–65 yr of age. There was no association between coexisting medical condition declaration and the likelihood of becoming unfit. The time interval between a fit and unfit assessment was significantly lower when comparing 20–60 and 61–63 yr old individuals.DISCUSSION:
The analysis of unfit assessments shows strong correlation with increasing age and the possible presence of the healthy worker effect among commercial pilots. The decreased time from a previous fit assessment to an unfit assessment supports the reduced certificate validity period of Class
1 applicants over 60 yr of age.Cairns MK. Unfit assessments of Class 1 Medical certificate holders. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2021; 92(12):945–949
Excessive Daytime Sleepiness and Associated Factors in Military Search and Rescue Personnel
Authors: Akter Rokshana , Larose Tricia L. , Sandvik Jannicke , Fonne Vivianne , Meland Anders , Wagstaff Anthony S.
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND: Abnormal excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) has been reported worldwide, but too little is known about EDS and its determinants in Search and Rescue (SAR) populations. We aimed to determine the prevalence of abnormal EDS and contributing factors among Royal Norwegian
Air Force (RNoAF) SAR helicopter personnel.METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, a total of N = 175 RNoAF SAR personnel completed an electronic survey including socio-demographic and lifestyle questions. The Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) was used as both a continuous and
categorical outcome variable to measure EDS.RESULTS: Abnormal EDS defined by ESS was found in 41% of the participants in this study. We observed no associations between socio-demographic and lifestyle factors and abnormal EDS in this study. DISCUSSION: There is a high
prevalence of abnormal EDS in the current RNoAF SAR population. Despite this elevated level of fatigue, we did not find that the socio-demographic and lifestyle factors assessed in this study were associated with abnormal EDS in RNoAF SAR helicopter personnel. Also unusually, the study cohort
did not demonstrate higher scores in factors found to change ESS scores in similar study populations (e.g., caffeine use, tobacco use, exercise level). Further research is required to investigate other factors (organizational, operational) that may be associated with abnormal EDS in this and
other SAR populations.Akter R, Larose TL, Sandvik J, Fonne V, Meland A, Wagstaff AS. Excessive daytime sleepiness and associated factors in military search and rescue personnel. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2021; 92(12):975–979.
SEJARAH PEMERINTAHAN ONDERDISTRIK PONDIDAHA: 1939-1964
Authors: Suciati Leni , Melamba Basrin , Fatma Fatma
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) Menjelaskan latar belakang terbentuknya Onderdistrik Pondidaha, (2) Mengetahui perkembangan pemerintahan Onderdistrik Pondidaha, (3) Mengetahui kebijakan-kebijakan apa saja yang diterapkan oleh kepala Distrik Pondidaha. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode sejarah yang terdiri dari lima tahapan penelitian, yaitu: 1) Pemilihan topik, 2) Heuristik Sumber, 3) Verifikasi sumber, 4) Interpretasi sumber yang dilakukan dengan cara analisis dan sintesis, 5) Historiografi. Hasil penelitian  menunjukkan bahwa (1) Onderdistrik Pondidaha terbentuk akibat ditaklukkannya Konawe oleh Belanda pada tahun 1911 sehingga kondisi pemerintahan di Konawe diambil alih oleh Belanda. Belanda kemudian membentuk sebuah kerajaan boneka yang bernama La Iwoi. Belanda juga membagi wilayah serta membentuk distrik dan onderdistrik. Pada tahun 1939 terbentuklah Onderdistrik Pondidaha yang merupakan bagian dari wilayah Distrik Wawotobi. (2) Dalam perkembangan pemerintahan Pondidaha terdapat tiga zaman atau masa yakni zaman Belanda, zaman Jepang dan awal kemerdekaan. (3) Selama menjabat menjadi kepala Distrik di Pondidaha, Turaako, Labulua, dan Bokori memiliki kebijakan-kebijakan yang diterapkan dalam wilayahnya di antaranya yakni pembagian wilayah untuk daerah Pondidaha.
KEHIDUPAN SOSIAL BUDAYA MASYARAKAT MUNA PADA MASA PENDUDUKAN JEPANG: 1942-1945
Authors: Wa Santi Wa Santi , Sarman Sarman , Burhan Faika , Hermina Sitti
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui latar belakang masuknya pendudukan Jepang di Muna dan untuk mengetahui kehidupan sosial budaya masyarakat Muna pada masa pendudukan Jepang: 1942-1945. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode sejarah menurut Kuntowijoyo yang terdiri atas lima tahapan sejarah yaitu: (1) Pemilihan Topik, (2) Heuristik (Pengumpulan Sumber), (3) Verifikasi (Kritik Sumber), (4) Interpretasi (Penafsiran Sumber), dan (5) Historiografi (Penulisan Sejarah). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: (1) latar belakang masuknya pendudukan Jepang di Muna yaitu karena ketertarikan Jepang terhadap Pulau Muna untuk dijadikan sebagai salah satu daerah pertahanan di Asia Tenggara karena letak Pulau Muna yang strategis. Jauh sebelum pendudukan Jepang, beberapa orang Jepang telah bertempat tinggal di Muna. Jumlah orang-orang Jepang yang berada di Pulau Muna tidak diketahui pasti. Orang-orang Jepang tersebut ditugaskan untuk melakukan propaganda-propaganda anti Belanda secara rahasia. Selain itu mereka juga ditugaskan untuk memberikan informasi yang dibutuhkan oleh militer Jepang. (2) Kehidupan sosial budaya masyarakat Muna pada masa pendudukan Jepang yaitu masyarakat dipaksa untuk tunduk kepada Jepang sehingga menunjukkan perbedaan strata sosial. Jepang bertindak sebagai penguasa dan masyarakat Muna adalah bawahannya. Seni budaya masyarakat Muna juga tidak mengalami perkembangan disebabkan jarangnya terjadi keramaian dan pesta yang merupakan tempat bagi masyarakat untuk memunculkan seni tradisional, seperti tari Linda, tari Modero, dan tari-tarian lainnya.
BIMBINGAN DAN PENYULUHAN TENTANG PENTINGNYA KEWIRAUSAHAAN BERBASIS MORAL ETIKA DAN MANAJEMEN KAS PADA JAMAAH MASJID ASY SYUHADA MALANG
Authors: Samboro Joko , Utomo Heru , Helmy Abdullah , - Maskur , Hadi Musthofa
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this service is to find the problems faced by the ASY SYUHADA congregation and congregation RT. 6 RW. 7 Sudimoro, Kel. Mojolangu, Kec. Lowokwaru Malang City and at the same time provide the right solution in order to achieve increased knowledge and capabilities in the operational field, especially in the field of entrepreneurship, namely starting before carrying out activities, with aspects of intention in entrepreneurship, then during activities, namely in terms of the importance of moral ethics in entrepreneurship and also given examples of the character of the Prophet Muhammad in trading, service quality and also selling techniques, which ended with an agreement or better known as a deal and marked by a handshake, so that work is not only profitable, but also gets blessings. Thus this activity can improve skills, both soft skills, especially in entrepreneurship and in cash managementThe methods used are: observation, to observe the activities carried out both in the economic and socio-religious fields, then interviews, explored to find problems and solutions that will be offered and simulations, to find the most suitable alternative in order to market goods more effectivelyThe findings are that guidance and training on: practical moral-ethical-based entrepreneurship and discussions about experience and how to manage cash well. well done
PEMBINAAN ROHANI DAN MOTIVASI BERWIRAUSAHA BAGI ANAK YATIM DAN DHUAFA PADA BULAN MUHARRAM BERSAMA LAZIS SABILILLAH MALANG
Authors: Liana Yuyuk , Puspita Dyah Aruning , Mauludin Hanif , Amin Aminul , Maria Evi , Bunyamin  , Siti Munfaqiroh
Published: January 2022

Muharram month is the month for Muslims to maximize their practice by sharing with others. For this reason, the service team of STIE Malangkucecwara together with Lazis Sabilillah Malang carried out spiritual activities with the theme of the meaning of Muharram as well as providing entrepreneurial motivation for orphans and poor people in the Sabilillah mosque area of Malang. This activity is at the same time providing compensation as a give away for orphans and dhuahas. This activity is expected to make the month of Muharram more meaningful and meaningful by making them happy and encouraging them to rise.
PENINGKATAN PERAN SUKUK NEGARA DALAM PEMBIAYAAN INFRASTRUKTUR
Authors: Hariyanto Eri
Published: January 2022

Sukuk Negara is one of the sharia-based financing instruments issued by the government to meet the budget deficit. This study aims to identify priority issues in the development of Sukuk Negara to enhance the role of Sukuk Negara in supporting government infrastructure financing. From the results of data management using the Analytic Network Process (ANP) method, it is known that several priority problems include the issuance of Sukuk Negara financing limited to central government projects, the lack of quality and quantity of Islamic finance human resources compared to conventional finance, and the low interest in public investment in Islamic financial instruments. The priority of the solution is the need to make regulations that allow Sukuk Negara to finance PPP project financing schemes, increase innovation and quality of sukuk products so that they are able to achieve the set targets, and foster public investment interest. Thus, the strategy in supporting the government's infrastructure development is to increase the proportion of SBSN issuance, increase socialization and communication to the public, and diversify underlying assets.
THE IMPACT OF HEALTH SUBSIDY ON HEALTH CARE UTILIZATION IN INDONESIA
Authors: Zamaro Renosa Tosca
Published: January 2022

Equal opportunity and access to health care services regardless of one’s socio-economic background is important for health equity. To achieve this, the Indonesian government introduced a national health insurance program named Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional in 2014 and provided insurance premium subsidies for poor people. The current study evaluates the health subsidy policy’s impact on the utilization of different kinds of health care facilities, both public and private. Two waves of Indonesian socio-economic surveys, namely 2013 and 2018, and two analysis methods, namely logistic regression, and difference-in-differences, were applied in this study. The results show that in first-level health care facilities, the health subsidy improves the probability of outpatient visits in public health centers and polyclinics but decreases the probability of outpatient visits in medical practices. Then, in secondary-level health care facilities, the health subsidy was found to increase the likelihood of outpatient visits in public hospitals; however, it lowers the probability of outpatient visits in private hospitals.
Barriers to Prevention and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Among Outpatients in Belarus
Authors: Sachkouskaya Anastasiya , Sharshakova Tamara , Kovalevsky Dmitry , Rusalenko Maria , Savasteeva Irina , Goto Aya , Yokokawa Hirohide , Kumagai Atsushi , Takahashi Jumpei
Published: January 2022

Objectives

This study aimed to determine the main barriers and reasons for non-adherence to preventive measures and treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus among outpatients in Belarus.

Methods

An anonymous questionnaire survey was conducted with 814 adults aged 18 years and over who visited outpatient health care units and hospitals in Belarus. The questionnaire was developed to analyze the perceived barriers that limit adherence to preventive measures and treatment for type 2 diabetes.

Results

The proportion of respondents who reported doing daily physical activity was 53.2%, and 46.6% consumed at least 400 grams of fruit and vegetables per day. Among the 42.8% of respondents with a prescribed treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus, 50.1% sometimes forgot to take their medicine. The specific barriers to treatment most frequently identified by survey respondents were “Financial situation” (23.5% of respondents), and “Fear of side effects” (25.2%). Those for lifestyle instructions were “Insufficient knowledge” (29.3%), “Financial situation” (27.9%), and “Lack of motivation” (21.7%).

Conclusions

The study revealed that the main barriers to adherence were insufficient knowledge of diabetes and its treatment and an underestimation of the role of behavioral risk factors in health, combined with financial difficulties. We recommend that physicians should take a patient-centered approach to raising awareness of behavioral risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus, and suggest that the importance of adhering to preventative measures and treatment should be promoted in consultations in Belarus.
Induction and Aggravation of the Endoplasmic-Reticulum Stress by Membrane-Lipid Metabolic Intermediate Phosphatidyl-N-Monomethylethanolamine
Authors: Ishiwata-Kimata Yuki , Le Quynh Giang , Kimata Yukio
Published: January 2022

Phosphatidylcholine (PC) is produced via two distinct pathways in both hepatocytes and yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae. One of these pathways involves the sequential methylation of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE). In yeast cells, the methyltransferase, Cho2, converts PE to phosphatidylmonomethylethanolamine (PMME), which is further modified to PC by another methyltransferase, Opi3. On the other hand, free choline is utilized for PC production via the Kennedy pathway. The blockage of PC production is well known to cause endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and activate the ER-stress sensor, Ire1, to induce unfolded protein response (UPR). Here, we demonstrate that even when free choline is sufficiently supplied, the opi3Δ mutation, but not the cho2 Δ mutation, induces the UPR. The UPR was also found to be induced by CHO2 overexpression. Further, monomethylethanolamine, which is converted to PMME probably through the Kennedy pathway, caused or potentiated ER stress in both mammalian and yeast cells. We thus deduce that PMME per se is an ER-stressing molecule. Interestingly, spontaneously accumulated PMME seemed to aggravate ER stress in yeast cells. Collectively, our findings demonstrate the multiple detrimental effects of the low-abundance phospholipid species, PMME.
Use of Adipose Stem Cells Against Hypertrophic Scarring or Keloid
Authors: Chen Hongbo , Hou Kai , Wu Yiping , Liu Zeming
Published: January 2022

Hypertrophic scars or keloid form as part of the wound healing reaction process, and its formation mechanism is complex and diverse, involving multi-stage synergistic action of multiple cells and factors. Adipose stem cells (ASCs) have become an emerging approach for the treatment of many diseases, including hypertrophic scarring or keloid, owing to their various advantages and potential. Herein, we analyzed the molecular mechanism of hypertrophic scar or keloid formation and explored the role and prospects of stem cell therapy, in the treatment of this condition.
Abusive Supervision: A Systematic Review and New Research Approaches
Authors: Gallegos Ivonne , Guàrdia-Olmos Joan , Berger Rita
Published: January 2022

Abusive leaders affect employees’ emotions and health and produce counterproductive behaviors that cause economic damage to organizations. The literature has focused predominantly on the antecedents of abusive supervision and its negative impact, providing knowledge on mechanisms that link abusive supervision to consequences for subordinates. There has been limited research on the supervisor perspective, on the group level, and on recovery. This review makes three contributions: first, we examine the theoretical approaches used by previous research studies to understand abusive supervision. Second, we analyze the types of mechanisms that explain how and when an abusive supervision process occurs. Third, we identify and discuss applied methodologies and limitations. Based on the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis guidelines, and transactional well-being process perspective, we analyzed 171 empirical manuscripts and 239 samples between 2010 and July 2020. We identified a growth in abusive supervision research between 2018 and 2020 and found 101 different theories. Most of these theories view abusive supervision from a social, relational, or affective perspective, but seldom from an emotional perspective. We classified four types of mechanisms: simple relations between abusive supervision and antecedent-consequences (12), moderators (47), mediators (26), and a combination of mediators and moderators (86). We found that research has mostly been performed at the employee level or on dyads; studies that analyze the team level are rarely found. We identified two methodological problems: cross-sectional designs, which do not allow the analysis of its causality, and the increased risk of common method variance that may influence the results obtained via single-source data. In conclusion, the theories used have focused on employee perceptions, which have not enabled the broadening of the abusive supervision concept to include the supervisor’s perspective and a recovery-related perspective. Research on how and when abusive supervision occurs analyzed with complex mechanisms using emotional variables and appropriate daily methodologies has been scarce. We propose a theoretical expansion including emotional theories to uncover emotional consequences of abusive supervision and the recovery concept to provide a deeper insight into abusive supervision process. We contend that longitudinal and diary designs that include teams and supervisor levels are necessary.
Co-transplantation of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes Improves Cardiac Function After Myocardial Damage
Authors: Neef Klaus , Drey Florian , Lepperhof Vera , Wahlers Thorsten , Hescheler Jürgen , Choi Yeong-Hoon , Šarić Tomo
Published: January 2022

Induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (iPS-CMs) represent an attractive resource for cardiac regeneration. However, survival and functional integration of transplanted iPS-CM is poor and remains a major challenge for the development of effective therapies. We hypothesized that paracrine effects of co-transplanted mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) augment the retention and therapeutic efficacy of iPS-CM in a mouse model of myocardial infarction (MI). To test this, either iPS-CM, MSC, or both cell types were transplanted into the cryoinfarction border zone of syngeneic mice immediately after injury. Bioluminescence imaging (BLI) of iPS-CM did not confirm enhanced retention by co-application of MSC during the 28-day follow-up period. However, histological analyses of hearts 28 days after cell transplantation showed that MSC increased the fraction of animals with detectable iPS-CM by 2-fold. Cardiac MRI analyses showed that from day 14 after transplantation on, the animals that have received cells had a significantly higher left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) compared to the placebo group. There was no statistically significant difference in LVEF between animals transplanted only with iPS-CM or only with MSC. However, combined iPS-CM and MSC transplantation resulted in higher LVEF compared to transplantation of single-cell populations during the whole observation period. Histological analyses revealed that MSC increased the capillarization in the myocardium when transplanted alone or with iPS-CM and decreased the infarct scar area only when transplanted in combination with iPS-CM. These results indicate that co-transplantation of iPS-CM and MSC improves cardiac regeneration after cardiac damage, demonstrating the potential of combining multiple cell types for increasing the efficacy of future cardiac cell therapies.
Gut Microbiota in Heart Failure Patients With Preserved Ejection Fraction (GUMPTION Study)
Authors: Huang Ziyin , Mei Xiaofei , Jiang Yufeng , Chen Tan , Zhou Yafeng
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is associated with disrupted intestinal epithelial function, resulting from intestinal congestion. Intestinal congestion changes the morphology and permeability of the intestinal wall, and it becomes easy for the gut microbiota to change and transfer. Intervention on gut microbiota may become a new target for HFpEF treatment. However, the characteristics of gut microbiota in patients with HFpEF remain unknown. This preliminary report aims to detect the structure of gut microbiota in HFpEF patients so as to explore their characteristic changes, thereby providing a theoretical basis for future research.

Methods: This research recruited 30 patients diagnosed with HFpEF and 30 healthy individuals. Stool specimens of research subjects were collected separately, and the microarray analyses of gut microbiota were conducted by Illumina high-throughput DNA sequencing. The differences in gut microbiota composition, alpha diversity, and beta diversity between the two groups were finally obtained.

Results: The composition of gut microbiota was significantly different between the two groups. At the phylum classification level, the abundance of Synergistetes tended to be higher in the HFpEF group (P = 0.012). At genus classification level, the abundance of Butyricicoccus (P < 0.001), Sutterella (P = 0.004), Lachnospira (P = 0.003), and Ruminiclostridium (P = 0.009) in the HFpEF group were lower, while the abundance of Enterococcus (P < 0.001) and Lactobacillus (P = 0.005) were higher. According to the Chao index of alpha diversity analysis, HFpEF patients showed a nominally significant lower species richness when compared with controls (P = 0.046). However, there was no statistical difference in the Shannon index (P = 0.159) and Simpson index (P = 0.495), indicating that there was no difference in species diversity between the two groups. Beta diversity analysis revealed a highly significant separation of HFpEF patients and controls.

Conclusions: An imbalance in the gut microbiota of HFpEF patients was observed. Patients with HFpEF have an increased abundance of microbiota associated with inflammation and a decreased abundance of microbiota associated with anti-inflammatory effects in the gut environment. In line with that, the species richness of gut microbiota in HFpEF patients tended to be lower.
Case Report: Living on the Edge—Transcatheter Mitral Valve Repair Related Infective Endocarditis
Authors: Lewandowski Nicole , Berenjkoub Ehssan , Gorr Eduard , Horlitz Marc , Boekstegers Peter , Doss Mirko , Sirat Sami , Rottländer Dennis
Published: January 2022

Background: Infective endocarditis (IE) following mitral valve edge-to-edge repair is a rare complication with high mortality.

Case summary: A 91-year-old male patient was admitted to intensive care unit with sepsis due to urinary tract infection after insertion of a urinary catheter by the outpatient urologist. Two weeks ago, the patient was discharged from hospital after successful transcatheter edge-to-edge mitral valve repair (TEER) using a PASCAL Ace device. The initially withdrawn blood revealed repeatedly Proteus mirabilis bacteremia as causal for the sepsis due to urinary tract infection. An antibiotic regime with Ampicillin/Sulbactam was initiated and discontinued after 7 days. During the clinical course the patient again developed fever and blood cultures again revealed P. mirabilis. In transesophageal echocardiography (TOE), IE of the PASCAL Ace device was confirmed by a vegetation accompanied by a mild to moderate mitral regurgitation. While the patient was stable at this time and deemed not suitable for cardiac surgery, the endocarditis team made a decision toward a prolonged 6-week antibiotic regime with an antibiotic combination of Ampicillin 2 g qds and Ciprofloxacin 750 mg td. Due to posterior leaflet perforation severe mitral regurgitation developed while PASCAL Ace vegetations were significantly reduced by the antibiotic therapy. Therefore, the patient underwent successful endoscopic mitral valve replacement. Another 4 weeks of antibiotic treatment with Ampicillin 2 g qds followed before the patient was discharged.

Discussion:P. mirabilis is able to form biofilms, resulting in a high risk for endocarditis following transcatheter mitral valve repair especially when device endothelization is incomplete. Endoscopic mitral valve replacement could serve as a bailout strategy in refractory Clip-endocarditis.
Wind Power Prediction in View of Ramping Events Based on Classified Spatiotemporal Network
Authors: Xia Bingbing , Huang Qiyue , Wang Hao , Ying Liheng
Published: January 2022

Wind energy has been connected to the power system on a large scale with the advantage of little pollution and large reserves. While ramping events under the influence of extreme weather will cause damage to the safe and stable operation of power system. It is significant to promote the consumption of renewable energy by improving the power prediction accuracy of ramping events. This paper presents a wind power prediction model of ramping events based on classified spatiotemporal network. Firstly, the spinning door algorithm builds parallelograms to identify ramping events from historical data. Due to the rarity of ramping events, the serious shortage of samples restricts the accuracy of the prediction model. By using generative adversarial network for training, simulated ramping data are generated to expand the database. After obtaining sufficient data, classification and type prediction of ramping events are carried out, and the type probability is calculated. Combined with the probability weight, the spatiotemporal neural network considering numerical weather prediction data is used to realize power prediction. Finally, the effectiveness of the model is verified by the actual measurement data of a wind farm in Northeast China.
Evaluating Importation of Aquatic Ornamental Species for Biosecurity Purposes
Authors: Atalah Javier , Davidson Ian C. , Thoene Maike , Georgiades Eugene , Hutson Kate S.
Published: January 2022

The aquatic ornamental species (AOS) trade is a significant pathway for the introduction and establishment of non-indigenous species into aquatic environments. The likelihood of such occurrences is expected to increase worldwide as industry growth continues and warmer conditions emerge under future climate scenarios. This study used recent (2015 – 2019) New Zealand importation data to determine the composition, diversity, abundance, and arrival frequency of AOS. Our analysis revealed that ca. 300,000 aquatic ornamental individuals are imported annually to New Zealand, with freshwater fish comprising 98% of import quantities. Despite the relatively small market size, the estimated AOS diversity of 865 taxa (89 and 9.5% identified to species and genus level, respectively) is comparable to larger markets with ∼60% of taxa being of marine origin. Species (n = 20) for further investigation were prioritized based on quantity and frequency of import. These prioritized AOS were exclusively tropical and subtropical freshwater fish and align with the most frequently imported AOS globally, including the top three: neon tetra (Paracheirodon innesi), guppy (Poecilia reticulata), and tiger barb (Puntigrus tetrazona). Species distribution modeling of the 20 prioritized AOS predicted that 13 species are suitable for New Zealand’s current climate conditions, most notably sucker-belly loach (Pseudogastromyzon myersi), white cloud mountain minnow (Tanichthys albonubes), and golden otocinclus (Macrotocinclus affinis). Potential changes in habitat suitability were predicted under future climate scenarios, with largest increases (29%) for Po. reticulata. The described approach provides an adaptable framework to assess establishment likelihood of imported AOS to inform regulatory decision making.
Evaluation of Epigenetic Age Based on DNA Methylation Analysis of Several CpG Sites in Ukrainian Population
Authors: Kuzub N. , Smialkovska V. , Momot V. , Moseiko V. , Lushchak O. , Koliada A.
Published: January 2022

Epigenetic clocks are the models, which use CpG methylation levels for the age prediction of an organism. Although there were several epigenetic clocks developed there is a demand for development and evaluation of the relatively accurate and sensitive epigenetic clocks that can be used for routine research purposes. In this study, we evaluated two epigenetic clock models based on the 4 CpG sites and 2 CpG sites in the human genome using the pyrosequencing method for their methylation level estimation. The study sample included 153 people from the Ukrainian population with the age from 0 to 101. Both models showed a high correlation with the chronological age in our study sample (R2 = 0.85 for the 2 CpG model and R2 = 0.92 for the 4 CpG model). We also estimated the accuracy metrics of the age prediction in our study sample. For the age group from 18 to 80 MAD was 5.1 years for the 2 CpG model and 4.1 years for the 4 CpG model. In this regard, we can conclude, that the models evaluated in the study have good age predictive accuracy, and can be used for the epigenetic age evaluation due to the relative simplicity and time-effectiveness.
Monitoring Needs for Gene Drive Mosquito Projects: Lessons From Vector Control Field Trials and Invasive Species
Authors: Rašić Gordana , Lobo Neil F. , Jeffrey Gutiérrez Eileen H. , Sánchez C. Héctor M. , Marshall John M.
Published: January 2022

As gene drive mosquito projects advance from contained laboratory testing to semi-field testing and small-scale field trials, there is a need to assess monitoring requirements to: i) assist with the effective introduction of the gene drive system at field sites, and ii) detect unintended spread of gene drive mosquitoes beyond trial sites, or resistance mechanisms and non-functional effector genes that spread within trial and intervention sites. This is of particular importance for non-localized gene drive projects, as the potential scale of intervention means that monitoring is expected to be more costly than research, development and deployment. Regarding monitoring needs for population replacement systems, lessons may be learned from experiences with Wolbachia-infected mosquitoes, and for population suppression systems, from experiences with releases of genetically sterile male mosquitoes. For population suppression systems, assessing monitoring requirements for tracking population size and detecting rare resistant alleles are priorities, while for population replacement systems, allele frequencies must be tracked, and pressing concerns include detection of gene drive alleles with non-functional effector genes, and resistance of pathogens to functional effector genes. For spread to unintended areas, open questions relate to the optimal density and placement of traps and frequency of sampling in order to detect gene drive alleles, drive-resistant alleles or non-functional effector genes while they can still be effectively managed. Invasive species management programs face similar questions, and lessons may be learned from these experiences. We explore these monitoring needs for gene drive mosquito projects progressing through the phases of pre-release, release and post-release.
Innate Phagocyte Polarization in the Oral Cavity
Authors: Metcalfe Sarah , Anselmi Natalie , Escobar Alejandro , Visser Michelle B. , Kay Jason G.
Published: January 2022

The oral cavity is a complex environment constantly exposed to antigens from food and the oral microbiota. Innate immune cells play an essential role in maintaining health and homeostasis in the oral environment. However, these cells also play a significant role in disease progression. This review will focus on two innate phagocytes in the oral cavity: macrophages and neutrophils, and examine their roles during homeostasis and disease development, with a focus on periodontal disease and cancer. Macrophages have a well-known ability to polarize and be activated towards a variety of phenotypes. Several studies have found that macrophages’ polarization changes can play an essential role in maintaining health in the oral cavity and contribute to disease. Recent data also finds that neutrophils display phenotypic heterogeneity in the oral cavity. In both cases, we focus on what is known about how these cellular changes alter these immune cells’ interactions with the oral microbiota, including how such changes can lead to worsening, rather than improving, disease states.
Lactylated Histone H3K18 as a Potential Biomarker for the Diagnosis and Predicting the Severity of Septic Shock
Authors: Chu Xin , Di Chenyi , Chang Panpan , Li Lina , Feng Zhe , Xiao Shirou , Yan Xiaoyu , Xu Xiaodong , Li Hexin , Qi Ruomei , Gong Huan , Zhao Yanyang , Xiao Fei , Chang Zhigang
Published: January 2022

Objective

To date, there are no studies regarding the lactylation profile and its role in critically ill patients. Thus, we aimed to examine expression of histone H3 lysine 18 (H3K18) lactylation and its role in patients with septic shock.

Methods

Thirteen healthy volunteers and 35 critically ill patients from the Department of Surgical Intensive Care Medicine, Beijing Hospital were enrolled in our study. Baseline information and clinical outcomes were obtained prospectively. Lactylation levels of all proteins and H3K18 from peripheral blood mononuclear (PBMC) were determined by western blotting and serum levels of inflammatory cytokines by flow cytometry. Arginase-1 (Arg1) and Krüppel-like factor-4 (Klf4) mRNA expression was evaluated by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR).

Results

Lactylation was found to be an all-protein post-translational modification and was detected in PBMCs from both healthy volunteers and critically ill patients, with a significantly higher relative density in shock patients (t=2.172, P=0.045). H3K18la was expressed in all subjects, including healthy volunteers, with the highest level in septic shock patients (compared with non-septic shock patients, critically ill without shock patients and healthy volunteers P=0.033, 0.000 and 0.000, respectively). Furthermore, H3K18la protein expression correlated positively with APACHE II scores, SOFA scores on day 1, ICU stay, mechanical ventilation time and serum lactate (ρ=0.42, 0.63, 0.39, 0.51 and 0.48, respectively, ρ=0.012, 0.000, 0.019, 0.003 and 0.003, respectively). When we matched patients with septic shock and with non-septic shock according to severity, we found higher H3K18la levels in the former group (t=-2.208, P =0.040). Moreover, H3K18la exhibited a close correlation with procalcitonin levels (ρ=0.71, P=0.010). Patients with high H3K18la expression showed higher IL-2, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-17, IFN-α levels (ρ=0.33, 0.37, 0.62, 0.55, 0.65, 0.49 and 0.374 respectively, P=0.024, 0.011, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000 and 0.000 respectively). H3K18la expression also displayed a positive correlation with the level of Arg1 mRNA (ρ=0.561, P=0.005).

Conclusions

Lactylation is an all-protein post-translational modification occurring in both healthy subjects and critically ill patients. H3K18la may reflect the severity of critical illness and the presence of infection. H3K18la might mediate inflammatory cytokine expression and Arg1 overexpression and stimulate the anti-inflammatory function of macrophages in sepsis.
Measurements and Spatial Distribution Simulation of Impact Pile Driving Underwater Noise Generated During the Construction of Offshore Wind Power Plant Off the Southwest Coast of Korea
Authors: Han Dong-Gyun , Choi Jee Woong
Published: January 2022

Offshore wind power plants are under construction worldwide, and concerns about the adverse effects of underwater noise generated during their construction on the marine environment are increasing. As part of an environmental impact assessment, underwater noise generated by impact pile driving was measured during the construction of an offshore wind farm off the southwest coast of Korea. The sound exposure levels of impact pile driving noise were estimated as a function of distance and compared with those predicted by a damped cylindrical spreading model and broadband parabolic equation simulation. Source level at 1 m was estimated to be in a range of 183–184 dB re 1μPa2s in the sound exposure level based on the model predictions and it tended to decrease by 21log⁡r as the distance increased. Finally, the spatial distribution of impact pile driving noise was predicted. This result, if combined with noise-induced damage thresholds for marine life, may be used to assess the effects of wind farm construction on marine ecosystems.
Impact of Flash Flood Events on the Coastal Waters Around Madeira Island: The “Land Mass Effect”
Authors: Rosa Alexandra , Cardoso Cláudio , Vieira Rui , Faria Ricardo , Oliveira Ana R. , Navarro Gabriel , Caldeira Rui M. A.
Published: January 2022

The Island Mass Effect has been primarily attributed to nutrient enhancement of waters surrounding oceanic islands due to physical processes, whereas the role of land runoff has seldom been considered. Land runoff can be particularly relevant in mountainous islands, highly susceptible to torrential rainfall that rapidly leads to flash floods. Madeira Island, located in the Northeast Atlantic Ocean, is historically known for its flash flood events, when steep streams transport high volumes of water and terrigenous material downstream. A 22-year analysis of satellite data revealed that a recent catastrophic flash flood (20 February 2010) was responsible for the most significant concentration of non-algal Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM) and Chlorophyll-a at the coast. In this context, our study aims to understand the impact of the February 2010 flash flood events on coastal waters, by assessing the impact of spatial and temporal variability of wind, precipitation, and river discharges. Two specific flash floods events are investigated in detail (2 and 20 February 2010), which coincided with northeasterly and southwesterly winds, respectively. Given the lack of in situ data documenting these events, a coupled air-sea-land numerical framework was used, including hydrological modeling. The dynamics of the modeled river plumes induced by flash floods were strongly influenced by the wind regimes subsequently affecting coastal circulation, which may help to explain the differences between observed SPM and Chlorophyll-a distributions. Model simulations showed that during northeasterly winds, coastal confinement of the buoyant river plume persisted on the island’s north coast, preventing offshore transport of SPM. This mechanism may have contributed to favorable conditions for phytoplankton growth, as captured by satellite-derived Chlorophyll-a in the northeastern coastal waters. On the island’s south coast, strong ocean currents generated in the eastern island flank promoted strong vertical shear, contributing to vertical mixing. During southwesterly winds, coastal confinement of the plume with strong vertical density gradient was observed on the south side. The switch to eastward winds spread the south river plume offshore, forming a filament of high Chlorophyll-a extending 70 km offshore. Our framework demonstrates a novel methodology to investigate ocean productivity around remote islands with sparse or absent field observations.