bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Наследственные дистрофии сетчатки: амавроз Лебера 2 типа и пигментный ретинит 20 типа
Authors: Кадышев В.В.
Published: February 2023

В учебно-методическом пособии изложены современные аспекты этиологии, патогенеза, диагностики и лечения амавроза Лебера и пигментного ретинита, связанных с мутациями в гене RPE65. Описаны этапы молекулярно-генетической диагностики, необходимые методы междисциплинарной диагностики и возможности применения генной терапии.Настоящее учебно-методическое пособие составлено в соответствии с требованиями ФГОС ВО по специальностям 31.08.30 «генетика», 31.08.59 «офтальмология», 31.05.02 «педиатрия», 31.08.54 «общая врачебная практика (семейная медицина)» и рабочими программами кафедры офтальмогенетики ИВиДПО ФГБНУ «МГНЦ».Пособие предназначено для ординаторов по указанным выше специальностям, аспирантов по научным специальностям 3.5.1. «глазные болезни», 1.5.7. «генетика», 3.3.8. «клиническая лабораторная диагностика», а также для врачей-офтальмологов, врачей-генетиков, врачей-педиатров, врачей общей практики при обучении их по программам повышения квалификации, посвященным наследственной офтальмопатологии. Печатается по решению учебно-методической комиссии Института высшего и дополнительного профессионального образования ФГБНУ «Медико-генетический научный центр имени академика Н.П. Бочкова» от 30 сентября 2022 года.
Publikációs lehetőségek Scopus által indexált folyóiratokba állam- és jogtudomány esetén
Authors: Péter Sasvári , Zsuzsanna Fejes
Published: February 2023

A felsőoktatási modellváltás eredményeképpen az addig állami fenntartású egyetemek a hatékonyabb működés reményében vagyonkezelő alapítványok fenntartásába kerültek át. Ebből következően a fejlesztési források elosztása is átalakult, háromcsatornás finanszírozás logikájára építve, a hallgatói létszám (1), kutatási tevékenység (2) és intézményi infrastruktúra (3) figyelembevételével. Vizsgálataink a kutatási tevékenység finanszírozására fókuszálnak, amelynek indikátorai egymás részhalmazainak tekinthetők, az MTMT-re alapuló publikációs teljesítményre épülnek, és az indikátorok között minden esetben szerepel a WoS vagy a Scopus azonosítóval rendelkező közlemények írásának a követelménye. Miközben az állam- és jogtudománnyal foglalkozó oktatók és kutatók tudományos közleményei 96% és 99% között nem WoS vagy Scopus indexáltságú közlemény.Az állam- és jogtudományt a Scimagojr-ben három folyóiratlista – a Law, a Public Administration és a Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law – fedi le, amelyekben 1999 és 2022 között magyar szerzőséggel 1098 állam- és jogtudományi cikk jelent meg, amelyből a legtöbbet az Eötvös Loránd Tudományegyetem Állam- és Jogtudományi Karának oktatói és kutatói írták. A folyóiratcikkek 8%-a D1-es, 15%-a Q1-es, 20%-a Q2-es, 26%-a Q3-as és 31%-a Q4-es kvartilisú volt. A használt folyóiratok száma 228 volt az 1243-ból.
The Securitization of Energy Issues from The Perspective of Security Studies
Authors: Ramadhan Iqbal
Published: February 2023

Security studies debated the phenomenon of "high politics," such as politics and the military, at the outset of their development. As the study's object, it discusses the arms race, nuclear war, and political coups. Following the end of the Cold War, the economic, social, and environmental sectors became subjects of study in security studies. Not only that, but security studies also address issues that are frequently overlooked, such as energy issues. This is undeniably one of the most pressing issues in security studies today. The energy issue discusses how the country's foreign policy efforts will be carried out in order to avoid the threat of domestic energy scarcity. The inclusion of energy issues in security studies does not happen overnight. Through this scientific article, the author intends to examine how energy issues can become part of security issues. The author employs the concept of securitization to examine the securitization of energy issues from the standpoint of a security study. The author used a qualitative method in this study, with secondary data collection (journals and archive documents) as part of the data collection technique. The discussion of this scientific article has resulted in the securitization of energy issues being divided into three stages. Non-securitization, politicization, and securitization are the stages. Energy issues are not considered security issues during the non-securitization stage. When the energy issue becomes politicized, it poses a real threat that the government must address. Meanwhile, security issues have defined threats in the securitization stage. However, this securitization process will only take place if the audience accepts the threat and the state takes responsibility for mitigation efforts. The author comes to the conclusion that the securitization of energy issues is mutual between the state and the audience (society).
Scenario Insight of Energy Transition
Authors: Soemanto Ariana , Koestoer Raldi Hendro T.
Published: February 2023

Almost all countries committed to tackling climate change as agreed in the Paris Agreement in 2015. In developed countries, the European Union (EU) issued the European Green Deal (EGD) with a target of 55% emissions reductions by 2030 and net zero emissions by 2050. Among developing countries, Indonesia has similar targets, which are 29% to 41% emission reductions by 2030 and net zero emissions by 2060 or sooner. EU countries and Indonesia also aim to implement energy transitions by increasing renewable energy shares, especially in the electricity sector, to reduce their emissions. Nevertheless, the EU countries have state-of-art research related to technologies and clean energy policies, allowing the EU as the first continent to commit to net-zero emissions by 2050. Our study aims to take lessons from recommendations in EGD and analyze their fitness for implementation in Indonesia. The research was conducted through a qualitative approach using secondary information and relevant references. We found that almost all recommendations for the energy transition in the EU electricity sector are relevant to Indonesia, except nuclear power plants and electricity tariff policies.
Immigration Protocols and Extralegal Demands: A Comparison Between the U.S.-Mexican Borderlands and South Africa
Authors: Alfaro-Velcamp Theresa , Gómez Teresa Garza , Brogneri Gahlia , Moyana Watson
Published: February 2023

This paper presents a comparative case analysis arguing that undocumented immigrants in the U.S.-Mexican borderlands and in South Africa become criminalised by navigating host and recipient country legal protocols and norms. The immigrants (often bonafide asylum seekers and refugees) live in host countries without the necessary legal immigrant papers and therefore lack legal status. Illegality attaches to this status and creates economic demands satisfied by those who produce unauthorised (or authorised) immigrant papers. At times, government functionaries participate in these extralegal economies, adding to the robustness of the illicit economies and further harming this vulnerable population of immigrants, refugees, asylum seekers, and undocumented migrants. (For this paper, the term immigrants is an umbrella term for all the migrants.) The criminalisation of immigrants is rooted in the actions or inactions of government actors in the Global North and Global South who deny immigrants legal standing in the host country or in transit. These government functionaries and their smuggler counterparts, in turn, create an extralegal demand for papers and profit from restrictive immigration protocols.
SCIENCE AND THE ARTIFICIAL LIFE FORM (ALF)
Authors: Aberšek Boris
Published: February 2023

According to these two assertions, one may ask the ultimate, though simplified, question: From whom will this artificial intelligence (AI) or artificial life form (ALF) learn, from whom will it receive human knowledge (or knowledge in general), and, in terms of simplified ethical norms – whom will the ALF believe if it has two possibilities, Asimov, or Tilden (Aberšek, et al., 2023)?
EVALUATING THE APPROPRIATENESS OF TASKS AND THE ELABORATION OF MULTIPLE SOLUTIONS TO OCCASION FOURTH-GRADERS’ MATHEMATICAL CREATIVE THINKING
Authors: Gan Huo-Hua
Published: February 2023

Creativity is not only for gifted students, but also for regular ones. This case study was aimed to analyze the appropriateness of tasks and the elaboration of multiple solutions to occasion fourth-graders’ mathematical creative thinking through a documentary multiple-solution counting task in a figurative setting. The data came from the written report of 48 fourth graders in two classes in Taiwan, China. The appropriateness of creativity was reflected in the appropriateness of tasks and solutions, particularly suitable for complex problem solving. Elaboration was detail-dependent, and visualization was beneficial to the analysis of elaboration. The regular students who had just entered the fourth grade could show their creative thinking through different angles (horizontally or vertically) and starting points (holistic or partial), but with slightly more partial and horizontal than holistic and longitudinal, more adaptation than transformation. These fourth-grade students have had the basic mathematical creative thinking capability of adaptation, combination, change, rearrangement, extension or going back by using counting, combining, adding and reducing, overlapping, moving, and diagonal division strategies.
Keywords: creative thinking, mathematical creativity, multiple-solution task, primary school students
PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT AND PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT SYSTEM FOCUSED ON STRENGTHENING TEACHERS’ COLLABORATION: THE CASE OF GEORGIA
Authors: Kirvalidze Marika , Lobzhanidze Sofiko
Published: February 2023

Studies confirm that professional development at the school base through the teachers’ collaboration is the most result-oriented outcome among the alternative ways of teachers’ professional development. One of the declared goals of the centralized system of teachers’ professional development and performance assessment operating in Georgia is to facilitate teachers’ collaboration. However, the contribution of the mentioned system in strengthening the teachers’ collaboration has not been studied so far. The purpose of the present research was to study the impact of the centralized system of teachers’ professional development and performance assessment on teachers’ collaboration at general educational institutions.
The issue was studied using the qualitative methods - focus group, interview, and content analysis of documents. Eight schools were selected for the study. Two focus groups were conducted with teachers and one interview was recorded with a school leader at each school. Furthermore, Interviews with six experts in the field were recorded. It was demonstrated that the centralized system of professional development and assessment focused on developmental assessment helps to strengthen the teachers’ professional relations. Activities closely related to the teacher's work, the correct attitude of the school leaders, teachers’ involvement in making decisions, the existence of preset goals, working schedule and space are important for collaborative relations. Existence of unified mechanisms for professional development, mistrust among colleagues, changes being constantly introduced to the education system, shortage of time were revealed as hindering factors for teacher collaboration.
Keywords: qualitative research, school-based teachers’ professional development, teachers’ assessment, teachers’ collaboration
Propiedades psicométricas de la escala de evaluación sobre los conocimientos de la demencia: revisión sistemática
Authors: Calle Neira Rosa Cecilia , Ramírez Coronel Andrés Alexis
Published: February 2023

En América Latina el estudio de la demencia con escalas validadas endógenamente es un desafío, siendo recurrente estudiar los parámetros necesarios para una posible adaptación y validación para Ecuador. Introducción.  En América Latina, específicamente en Ecuador, el estudio de la demencia con escalas endógenamente validadas es un desafío, siendo necesario incluir la pobreza, las barreras culturales, las vulnerabilidades socioeconómicas; como indicadores a considerar para el desarrollo de una escala para medir la demencia en la región, situación que ayuda a superar los desafíos existentes para el tratamiento clínico de manera más efectiva.  Objetivo.  General Revisar la evidencia científica sobre las propiedades psicométricas de la escala de evaluación sobre el conocimiento de la demencia. Específico.  SO1. Describir la validación o adaptación de la escala de evaluación del conocimiento de la demencia a nivel internacional. SO2. Verificar los índices de ajuste de la escala de evaluación sobre el conocimiento de la demencia. Metodología.  Se realizó una revisión sistemática de la literatura científica relacionada con el estudio. Para el desarrollo de este proceso se utilizó el procedimiento PRISMA. Estrategias de búsqueda. Resultados.  El primer paso fue formular el tema y los objetivos de la investigación, y luego establecer los criterios de inclusión y exclusión; la información se buscó en bases de datos científicas para su selección y análisis para proporcionar respuestas a los objetivos.  Conclusión.  La investigación planteada en la discusión, muestra la necesidad de validar las escalas sobre demencia al contexto de un país, ya que esto ayuda a promover una mayor confiabilidad en la recolección de datos, siendo también considerable, implementar un análisis estadístico para verificar la confiabilidad interna de los ítems, teniendo en cuenta la revisión lingüística porque están en orden con la semántica de una cultura,  demostrando la necesidad en Ecuador, de adaptar la balanza a la realidad de la sociedad ecuatoriana.
Complicaciones asociadas sobre efectos neurodesarrollo en bebés prematuros hasta la edad a término: revisión sistemática
Authors: Tomalá Perero Johanna Daniela , Peña Cordero Susana Janeth , Ortega Barco María Alejandra
Published: February 2023

Introducción: Las complicaciones de la prematuridad son las principales causas de sufrir algún tipo de discapacidad hasta la muerte, esta se presenta con un alto riesgo de salud a nivel neurológico a largo plazo. Objetivo general: Analizar el impacto sobre las complicaciones asociadas sobre neurodesarrollo en prematuros hasta alcanzar el equivalente a término. Metodología: En cuanto al proceso, se efectuará siguiendo las recomendaciones establecidas en la declaración PRISMA, también se trabajará con bases de datos Scopus, Pubmed y Web of Science, el periodo de las publicaciones serán desde el año 2016 al 2021, obteniendo 13 artículos para su respectivo análisis. Resultados principales: En definitiva, esta metodología nos accederá a obtener una idea sobre el impacto en relación con las complicaciones en la prematuridad a nivel neurodesarrollo, no obstante, el desafío de este artículo es obtener hallazgos recientes relacionados con los cambios neurológico-asociados a la prematuridad y su impacto en las posibles discapacidades. Conclusión: Claramente se evidencia que esta es un área que merece un enfoque de investigación más fuerte para identificar los factores modificables que dan forma al desarrollo de estos recién nacidos prematuros muy vulnerables.
Propiedades psicométricas del índice de Barthel: revisión sistemática
Authors: Sagbay Coronel Gladys Esperanza , Ortega Campoverde Libia
Published: February 2023

Introducción: Se tomó índice de Barthel como eje central de investigación, con la intención de conocer sus aportes al cuidado de pacientes, las adaptaciones en sus propiedades psicométricas realizadas, debilidades en la medición, con la intención de clarificar la ruta teórica y metodológica para una posible adaptación y validación a la realidad del Ecuador, donde al día no existe una investigación directa sobre lo descrito. Objetivo: El objetivo que se planteó fue revisar la evidencia científica sobre las propiedades psicométricas del índice de Barthel. Metodología: Se basó en una revisión sistemática de la literatura científica basada en el procedimiento PRISMA, tomando las contribuciones más significativas, basada en 11 artículos publicados en PubMed, WOS, Scopus. Resultados: Los diferentes artículos utilizados validan al índice de Barthel como un método para evaluar la capacidad física de los pacientes que han sufrido accidentes cerebrovasculares. Conclusión: El índice de Barthel se muestra como un instrumento confiable en las investigaciones revisadas, incluyendo las adaptaciones que se han realizado, siendo importante tener en cuenta por el personal de enfermería con la intención de promover la gestión de los cuidados de acuerdo con la prestación de un servicio diligente y de calidad al paciente y su familia.
Síndrome de túnel del carpo, manejo con plasma rico en plaquetas: revisión sistemática
Authors: Godoy Durán Elvia Narcisa , Salas Contreras Francy Hollminn
Published: February 2023

Introducción. El síndrome del túnel carpiano es una neuropatía que se produce a nivel del nervio mediano situado en la muñeca, provocando una presión y, en consecuencia, una disminución de su función. Objetivo. Examinar una revisión sistemática sobre la aplicabilidad de la técnica del plasma rico en plaquetas en el síndrome del túnel carpiano. Metodología. Revisión sistemática de la literatura descriptiva y explicativa, siguiendo la declaración PRISMA y con la ayuda de los Descriptores en Ciencias de la Salud (DECS). Resultados: Los tratamientos para el síndrome del túnel carpiano pueden ser conservadores o quirúrgicos. El plasma rico en plaquetas es uno de los más utilizados por su contenido para la regeneración tisular, según la literatura revisada, tiene sus beneficios entre tres y seis meses después del tratamiento. Otro de los tratamientos conservadores más utilizados es la férula y la férula más PRP, donde se observó a través de las variables analógicas y la escala de Boston que esta sintomatología disminuyó significativamente en ambos grupos después de 10 semanas de tratamiento. Conclusiones. El plasma rico en plaquetas es un tratamiento menos invasivo que produce menos dolor en su aplicación, requiere menos tiempo, no requiere hospitalización y mejora las molestias del síndrome del túnel carpiano.
Reverse flotation process in double stage on the Algerian phosphate ore treatment
Authors: Merzeg F. Ait , Bezzi N , Bouzidi N , Narsis S , Bait N , Ladji R , Bachari K
Published: February 2023

Purpose. In this work, the influence of flotation reagents on the separation yield of the phosphate-carbonate system is studied. The investigation is conducted by the reverse flotation process in double stage of the phosphate ores from the Jebel Onk deposit-Algeria. Methodology. The experimental part can be divided into three aspects, a mechanical preparation of the samples, and flotation tests in the first stage followed by a double flotation and, finally, characterization of the flotation products by different physical-chemical analysis techniques. Findings. Reverse flotation double stage process was applied on two classes of phosphate ores (C1: 40–250 and C2: 250–500 m). The samples are constituted by phosphatic elements (apatite), cemented by a mixture of a great amount of dolomite with low amounts of quartz, clay and calcite. Flotation results showed that P2O5 recovery was higher for C2 compared to C1. Thus, oleic acid and double tartrate of sodium-potassium could be considered as the best reagent since the P2O5 recovery content corresponds to 29.27 and 31.25 % for C1 and C2, respectively. Compared to the oleic acid and pine oil reagent, the recoveries of P2O5 were 28.85 and 30.55 % for C1 and C2, respectively. However, when other reagents as (oleic acid  phosphoric acid) and (oleic acid + diesel fuel) were used, the recovered amount of P2O5 was found to be less important, 27.80 and 27.10 % for class C1, and 30.14 and 29.15 % for C2, respectively. Originality. During this study two main axes were discussed: the first one was the influence of flotation reagents on flotation of the first and second stages, the second one was to study the effect of grain size on the flotation yields. The flotation process has been shown to be effective both in terms of depressed phosphate elements in the phosphate concentrates and in gangue floated in the flotation tailings. It can be seen that the concentrate contents of around 32 % is achieved in P2O5 with superior recoveries of 99 %. Practical value. The results of analyses carried out on the flotation products showed, in most cases, that the streams are richer in phosphate elements (fluorapatite, carbonate hydroxylapatite, carbonate fluorapatite) and a low amount of carbonates (dolomite and calcite), unlike floating, mainly made up of dolomite with a small amount of phosphated elements.
Geometry variation of ballasted railway tracks due to weather conditions
Authors: Jóvér V , Sysyn M , Liu J , Fischer S
Published: February 2023

Purpose. Investigate and establish the relationship between track geometry measurements and weather conditions to determine the parameters that influence the lifetime of railway tracks’ superstructure system. The study of ballasted beds of railway tracks is very important for operation and maintenance in case of main lines, industrial sidings and mine transport. Methodology. Determination of the annual load of the selected section based on the regulations. Compari of the track parameters measurements made by TrackScan 4.01 instrument in different seasons and temperatures. Among the parameters measured by the instrument, the track gauge, alignment, longitudinal level, and superelevation parameters are considered and analyzed in this article.Since the main lines’ traffic are permanently loaded with passenger and freight transport and the industrial sidings and mine tracks are used in the production process, the examinations can only be done on tramway tracks during the standstills at night. The results of these measurement on tramway tracks can help to understand the identify of railway tracks’ lifetime and can be used in mainlines, industrial and mining railway tracks. Findings. The change in the average values of selected track geometrical parameters is analyzed, considering the typical weather conditions. Based on the measurement and results, there is an evident connection between the evaluated results of track geometry measurements and the change in weather conditions. Originality. Finding the relationship between changes in track geometry values and weather conditions on the basis of an evaluation of track geometry measurements taken on average every third month. Practical value. The results can then be used as input data for determining the service life of the track superstructure in the case of tramways, mainlines, industrial and mining railway tracks.
Mathematical model of the closed-loop system of excavator bucket positioning
Authors: Tytiuk V , Chornyi O , Mrachkovskyi D , Tryputen S , Tryputen M , Kuznetsov V
Published: February 2023

Purpose. Study on energy consumption of mechatronic systems of mining excavators during the full production cycle, development of energy efficiency criterium for the production cycle of mining excavators, which ensures an increase in the technical and economic indicators of the operation of powerful mining equipment. Methodology. Mathematical modeling of electro-mechanical system of “front shovel” excavator, determination indicators of the production cycle, development of the criterion of energy efficiency of the mining excavator’s operating cycle taking into account the theory of technical systems efficiency. Findings. A mathematical model of a complete electro-mechanical system of an excavator with “generator-engine” electric drive has been developed, which includes a model of the mechanical part of the excavator. The closed-loop bucket positioning system makes it possible to implement various movement trajectories during the operating cycle. Numerical characteristics of energy consumption and duration for various movement trajectories of the working bodies of the excavator are obtained. A new criterion of energy efficiency of mechatronic systems of mining excavators is proposed. Originality. For the first time, a mathematical model has been proposed of an integral electro-mechanical system of an excavator according to the “front shovel” scheme, which includes models of electric drives of all mechanisms and a synchronous drive motor, as well as a model of the mechanical part of the excavator; this makes it possible to increase the accuracy of determining the excavator’s energy consumption and the operating cycle time. A criterion of energy efficiency is proposed, which takes into account the amount of resource costs, the overall result and the duration of the excavator’s operating cycle. Practical value. A mathematical model of the electromechanical system of an excavator with an electric drive according to the “generator-motor” system has been developed, which, taking into account the solution of the direct and inverse problems of the kinematics of the mechanical system of the excavator, makes it possible to compare parameters of various trajectories of movement of the excavator. The implementation of a closed system for positioning the excavator bucket in three-dimensional space was proposed, which creates conditions for increasing the level of automation of mining excavators. A criterion of the energy efficiency of the excavator’s technological cycle is proposed, which takes into account resource costs and the technological cycle duration.
Old Drugs, New Indications (Review)
Authors: Miroshnichenko I. I. , Valdman E. A. , Kuz'min I. I.
Published: February 2023

Introduction. The drug can be used in the treatment of one disease and for the prevention and treatment of another pathological process. This is possible due to the repurposing of medicines. Creating drugs from scratch takes a long time to develop and implement, which leads to large financial costs, and also has a high dropout rate of candidate substances and requires significant financial costs. The main advantage of repurposing instead of creating new drug is relatively low financial costs and a significant reduction in the first two phases of clinical trials.

Text. Drug repurposing is based on pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, pharmaceuticals and clinical trials, where the first two phases are significantly reduced compared to the creation of a completely new. There are examples of successful repurposing and negative side effects with off-label drug use, which is unsafe but the best solution for orphan diseases. A targeted search for the possibility of repurposing drugs using an automatic procedure is being carried out, where a large number of chemical compounds are tested for activity or affinity for receptors and enzymes – high-throughput screening. Computer design has become widespread, which or repurposing "in silico", where information about the drug is used: targets, chemical structures, metabolic pathways, side effects, followed by the construction of appropriate models. Machine learning (ML) algorithms: Bayes classifier, logistic regression, support vector machine, decision tree, random forest and others are successfully used in biochemical pharmaceutical, toxicological research. But the most promising development of reprofiling is associated with the use of deep neural networks (DNN). Using deep learning, DNN were found to outperform other algorithms for drug development and toxicity prediction.

Conclusion. Currently, interest in drug repurposing has grown markedly. A search for the keywords «drug repurposing» showed 2,422 articles on the problem of new uses for drugs that already exist in medicine.
Evaluation of the Efficiency of a Soft Dosage Form for the Treatment of Osteoarthritis: Influence on the Level of Pro-inflammatory Cytokines
Authors: Nogaeva U. V. , Kovanskov V. E. , Ivkin D. Yu. , Flisyuk E. V. , Yakimov K. D. , Yeletskaya E. I. , Semivelichenko E. D. , Antonov V. G.
Published: February 2023

Introduction. Osteoarthritis is now considered to be a slowly progressive inflammatory disease that completely affects the joint. An important role in the development of this pathology is played by inflammation of the synovial membrane and ligaments (synovitis), supplemented by constant mechanical stress. Normally, a balance of anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory mediators is observed in cartilage, however, under the influence of risk factors, this balance shifts towards the latter.

Aim. Evaluation of the effect of a previously developed soft dosage form containing meloxicam, a purine derivative and an immunomodulator M on the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines: IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in osteoarthritis.

Materials and methods. The experiment included 25 animals, which were divided into 5 groups by simple randomization: 1 – test (gel 0.5 %), 2 –test (gel 1 %), 3 – reference (Amelotex®, gel 1 %), 4 – control (gel base); 5 – intact. Preclinical modeling of the pathology was carried out by combined injection of 0.1 ml of a mixture of complete Freund's adjuvant with a 10 % suspension of talc in isotonic sodium chloride solution in a ratio of 1 : 10 into the cavity of the hock (tarsal) joint of Brown Norvay Catholic Rats male rats. Enzyme immunoassay of animal blood serum on the 28th day of the experiment was performed using standard ELISA plate kits (Cloud-Clone Corp., USA). Statistical data processing was performed using GraphPad Prism 8.0.2 software (GraphPad Software Inc., USA), differences were considered statistically significant at p < 0.05.

Results and discussion. The developed compositions contributed to a decrease in the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1α, IL-6 and TNF-α) compared with the main and reference gel preparation. At the same time, differences were found between the effect observed from the use of the test agents (gel 0.5 %, gel 1 %) and the reference drug in terms of the effect on the level of IL-1α and TNF-α, which indicates a greater effectiveness of the selected combination of active substances, because, unlike the single-component gel Amelotex®, the compositions developed by us additionally included a purine derivative and an immunomodulator M. The data obtained are important from the point of view of understanding the mechanism of action of a soft dosage form.

Conclusion. Based on the results of previous and present studies, it is assumed that the combined composition of the soft dosage form with a half (0.5 %) concentration of meloxicam is of greatest interest for clinical practice, since its use at a high level of effectiveness additionally reduces the likelihood of adverse reactions from the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, which is important in the case of long-term therapy of osteoarthritis.
Análise ergonômica da pintura de fachadas com o uso do balancim individual elétrico
Authors: Caetano Matheus Schaun , Tessaro Alessandra Buss , Gomes Liliane Ferreira , Mattos Flávia Costa de , Nunes Jorge Luiz Oleinik , Bandeira Jorge Luiz Saes
Published: February 2023

A atividade escolhida para a análise ergonômica foi a pintura externa realizada em fachadas prediais, devido ao trabalho em altura. A prevenção e diminuição do risco ergonômico podem ser alcançada por meio da conscientização das empresas construtoras, mas também pela aplicação de medidas gerenciais e de diagnóstico de situações de risco nos postos de trabalho. O presente trabalho utilizou como método de análise ergonômica a visita in loco e entrevista com os trabalhadores. A coleta de dados ocorreu em um edifício vertical situado na cidade de Rio Grande/RS. Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo geral analisar os fatores de risco de sobrecarga biomecânica na atividade de pintura externa em fachadas prediais. A análise da demanda demonstrou os pontos que requerem atenção e medidas diferentes dos equipamentos. As propostas de melhorias e diminuição do risco possibilitarão melhor qualidade de vida ao trabalhador, assim como melhor entendimento da importância da Ergonomia para o setor da construção.
Virtual Laboratory Simulations in Biotechnology: A Systematic Review
Authors:   Natural Sciences and Mathematics Department, College of Arts and Science, Notre Dame of Marbel University, Koronadal City, South Cotabato, Philippines, Mercado Justine , Picardal Jay P. ,   Research Institute of Tropical Biology & Pharmacological Biotechnology, Cebu Normal University, Cebu City, Philippines
Published: February 2023

In biotechnology education practical laboratory courses are vital. In having these practical courses, a lot of time and monetary resources are needed, it also requires the presence of the teacher and students and all the necessary equipment, which is currently not allowed in the Philippines due to the pandemic restrictions. Biotech virtual labs are useful in this time but what are the different research studies that has been done regarding this tool and what elements are important in terms of instructional design and technology? In this review, different types of technology and instructional design were examined, and overview of the previous research were highlighted in this paper. The study revealed that virtual laboratory simulations can be equally effective or better than hands on activity and said to be more effective compared to traditional teaching method. It was also found out that when the traditional teaching methods and virtual simulation labs yields better results in terms of performance. The included studies in this review utilized 2D, 3D, and VR technologies in having the virtual lab for the past few years. The review paper also identified different designs for instructions such as scaffolding and IBL (inquiry-based learnings). Biotech Virtual labs can be used as an effective alternative or complementary tool to an actual or physical conduct of laboratory experiment.
Influence of prenatal cannabinoid exposure on early development and beyond
Authors: Mulligan Megan K. , Hamre Kristin M.
Published: February 2023

Public perception surrounding whether cannabis use is harmful during pregnancy often diverges greatly from the recommendations of doctors and healthcare providers. In contrast to the medical guidance of abstinence before, during, and after pregnancy, many women of reproductive age believe cannabis use during pregnancy is associated with little potential harm. Legalization and social cues support public perceptions that cannabis use during pregnancy is safe. Moreover, pregnant women may consider cannabis to be a safe alternative for treating pregnancy related ailments, including morning sickness. Compounding the problem is a lack of medical and federal guidance on safe, low, or high-risk levels of cannabis use. These issues mirror the continuing debate surrounding alcohol use and health, in particular, whether there are safe or lower risk levels of alcohol consumption during pregnancy. Clinical studies to date suffer from several limitations. First, most human studies are correlative in nature, meaning that causal associations cannot be made between in utero cannabis exposure and health and behavioral outcomes later in life. Due to obvious ethical constraints, it is not possible to randomly assign pregnant mothers to cannabis or other drug exposure conditions—a requirement needed to establish causality. In addition, clinical studies often lack quantitative information on maternal exposure (i.e., dose, frequency, and duration), include a small number of individuals, lack replication of outcome measures across cohorts, rely on self-report to establish maternal drug use, and suffer from unmeasured or residual confounding factors. Causal associations between maternal cannabis exposure and offspring outcomes are possible in preclinical cohorts but there is a large amount of heterogeneity across study designs and developmental differences between rodents and humans may limit translatability. In this review, we summarize research from human and preclinical models to provide insight into potential risks associated with prenatal cannabinoid exposure (PCE). Finally, we highlight gaps in knowledge likely to contribute to the growing divide between medical guidance and public attitudes regarding cannabis use during pregnancy.
Association between thyroid dysfunction, metabolic disturbances, and clinical symptoms in first-episode, untreated Chinese patients with major depressive disorder: Undirected and Bayesian network analyses
Authors: Peng Pu , Wang Qianjin , Lang Xiao E , Liu Tieqiao , Zhang Xiang-Yang
Published: February 2023

Aims

Thyroid dysfunction and metabolic disturbances are common in major depressive disorder (MDD) patients. We aimed to assess the relationship between thyroid dysfunction, metabolic disturbances, and clinical symptoms in Chinese first-episode, drug-naïve (FEDN) MDD patients using undirected and Bayesian network methods.

Methods

1718 FEDN MDD patients were recruited. Serum levels of free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), anti-thyroglobulin (TgAb), thyroid peroxidases antibody (TPOAb), total cholesterol (TC), total triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C), and glucose were assessed. Blood pressure and body mass index were measured. Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD), Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety, and positive subscale of Positive And Negative Syndrome Scales were used to detect clinical symptoms. An undirected network with EBICglasso default and a directed acyclic graph (DAG) using the Bayesian network approach was conducted.

Results

The prevalence rates of clinical symptoms, thyroid dysfunction, and metabolic dysfunction were as follows: anxiety (n=894, 52%), psychotic symptoms (171, 10%), subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH, n=1041, 61%), abnormal TgAb (n=297, 17%), abnormal TPOAb (n=438, 25%), hyperthyroidism (n=5, 0.3%), hypothyroidism (n=3, 0.2%), hyperglycemia (n=241, 14%), hypertriglyceridemia (n=668, 39%), low HDL-C (n=429, 25%), hypercholesterolemia (421, 25%), abnormal TC (357, 21%), abnormal LDL-C (185, 11%). overweight or obesity (n=1026, 60%), and hypertension (n=92, 5.4%). Both networks demonstrated serum TSH and TC levels and the severity of depression played an important role in the pathophysiology of MDD.

Conclusions

MDD patients may have thyroid and metabolic dysfunction in the early stage. Targeting hypercholesterolemia, depressive symptoms, and SCH in MDD patients may hold promise in reducing clinical symptoms, metabolic disturbances, and thyroid dysfunction.
Are infrastructure development, economic complexity index, and oil cnsumption really matter for green economic recover? The role of institutions
Authors: Zhang Haiying , Zhou Wangxun
Published: February 2023

One of the most widely recognized tactics for ensuring long-term development at the national level, green economic growth approaches require the development of a nation to be implemented. The present study examines the effects of infrastructure development, oil consumption, and institution on carbon emission in the presence of economic complexity index, urbanization, infrastructure development, oil consumption, and institution quality in 30 provinces of China region from 2000 to 2020. This study employed second-generation panel cointegration methodologies. Similarly, the results of the CUP-FM and CUP-BC tests confirm the relationship between carbon emission and other variables used in this study. The estimation shows that the economic complexity index, urbanization, and oil consumption increase carbon emissions, whereas infrastructure development and institution have a significantly negative impact on carbon emissions. The robustness check findings obtained CUP-BC test validates the results. The study shows the moderate effect of institutions on the economic complexity index, urbanization, and infrastructure development has a negative impact on carbon emissions. In light of outcomes, the current study suggests decent policy implications to attain a green economic recovery.
A lightweight algorithm capable of accurately identifying forest fires from UAV remote sensing imagery
Authors: Zheng Hongtao , Dembélé Sounkalo , Wu Yongxin , Liu Yan , Chen Hongli , Zhang Qiujie
Published: February 2023

Forest fires often have a devastating effect on the planet’s ecology. Accurate and rapid monitoring of forest fires has therefore become a major focus of current research. Considering that manual monitoring is often inefficient, UAV-based remote sensing fire monitoring algorithms based on deep learning are widely studied and used. In UAV monitoring, the size of the flames is very small and potentially heavily obscured by trees, so the algorithm is limited in the amount of valid information it can extract. If we were to increase the ability of the algorithm to extract valid information simply by increasing the complexity of the algorithm, then the algorithm would run much slower, ultimately reducing the value of the algorithm to the application. To achieve a breakthrough in both algorithm speed and accuracy, this manuscript proposes a two-stage recognition method that combines the novel YOLO algorithm (FireYOLO) with Real-ESRGAN. Firstly, as regards the structure of the FireYOLO algorithm, “the backbone part adopts GhostNet and introduces a dynamic convolutional structure, which im-proves the information extraction capability of the morphologically variable flame while greatly reducing the computational effort; the neck part introduces a novel cross-layer connected, two-branch Feature Pyramid Networks (FPN) structure, which greatly improves the information extraction capability of small targets and reduces the loss in the information transmission process; the head embeds the attention-guided module (ESNet) proposed in this paper, which enhances the attention capability of small targets”. Secondly, the flame region recognized by FireYOLO is input into Real-ESRGAN after a series of cropping and stitching operations to enhance the clarity, and then the enhanced image is recognized for the second time with FireYOLO, and, finally, the recognition result is overwritten back into the original image. Our experiments show that the algorithms in this paper run very well on both PC-based and embedded devices, adapting very well to situations where they are obscured by trees as well as changes in lighting. The overall recognition speed of Jeston Xavier NX is about 20.67 FPS (latency-free real-time inference), which is 21.09% higher than the AP of YOLOv5x, and are one of the best performance fire detection algorithm with excellent application prospects.
Age-related ceRNA networks in adult Drosophila ageing
Authors: Yang Deying , Xiao Feng , Li Jiamei , Wang Siqi , Fan Xiaolan , Ni Qingyong , Li Yan , Zhang Mingwang , Yan Taiming , Yang Mingyao , He Zhi
Published: February 2023

As Drosophila is an extensively used genetic model system, understanding of its regulatory networks has great significance in revealing the genetic mechanisms of ageing and human diseases. Competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA)-mediated regulation is an important mechanism by which circular RNAs (circRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulate ageing and age-related diseases. However, extensive analyses of the multiomics (circRNA/miRNA/mRNA and lncRNA/miRNA/mRNA) characteristics of adult Drosophila during ageing have not been reported. Here, differentially expressed circRNAs and microRNAs (miRNAs) between 7 and 42-day-old flies were screened and identified. Then, the differentially expressed mRNAs, circRNAs, miRNAs, and lncRNAs between the 7- and 42-day old flies were analysed to identify age-related circRNA/miRNA/mRNA and lncRNA/miRNA/mRNA networks in ageing Drosophila. Several key ceRNA networks were identified, such as the dme_circ_0009500/dme_miR-289-5p/CG31064, dme_circ_0009500/dme_miR-289-5p/frizzled, dme_circ_0009500/dme_miR-985-3p/Abl, and XLOC_027736/dme_miR-985-3p/Abl XLOC_189909/dme_miR-985-3p/Abl networks. Furthermore, real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) was used to verify the expression level of those genes. Those results suggest that the discovery of these ceRNA networks in ageing adult Drosophila provide new information for research on human ageing and age-related diseases.
Deciphering the potential roles of ferroptosis in regulating tumor immunity and tumor immunotherapy
Authors: Gu Xu , Liu Yu’e , Dai Xiangpeng , Yang Yong-Guang , Zhang Xiaoling
Published: February 2023

Cancer immunotherapies, including immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) and adoptive immune cells therapy, are promising therapeutic strategies. They reactivate the function of immune cells and induce immune responses to attack tumor cells. Although these novel therapies benefited a large amount of cancer patients, many cancer patients have shown fair responses even resistance to cancer immunotherapies, limiting their wide clinical application. Therefore, it is urgent to explore the underlying mechanisms of low response and resistance of cancer immunotherapy to enhance their treatment efficacy. The programmed cell death (PCD) including the ferroptosis, has been demonstrated to play essential roles in antitumor immunity and in regulating the immune response to ICIs. Ferroptosis, a phospholipid peroxidation-mediated, iron-dependent membrane damage, exhibite three critical hallmarks: the oxidation of phospholipids, the lack of lipid peroxide repair capability and the overloading of redox-active iron. Notably, ferroptosis was found to plays important roles in regulating tumor immunity and response to immunotherapy. Therefore, targeting ferroptosis alone or in combination with immunotherapy may provide novel options to promote their antitumor efficacy. However, the effect of ferroptosis on tumor immunity and immunotherapy is affected by the interaction of ferroptosis and cancer cells, immune cells, tumor microenvironment (TME) and others. In this review, we summarized and discussed the critical roles of ferroptosis in regulating antitumor immunity, TME and in the improvement of the therapeutic efficacy of immunotherapy in cancers.
Multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in healthcare settings in Africa
Authors: Agyepong Nicholas , Fordjour Francis , Owusu-Ofori Alex
Published: February 2023

The emergence of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii is a major concern to healthcare providers and facilities in many parts of the world. This bacterial pathogen is commonly implicated in hospital-acquired infections, particularly in critically ill patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). The extensive use of antibiotics, particularly in ICUs, and the lack of proper infection control interventions in many hospitals have led to an increased emergence of multidrug-resistant A. baumannii. Infections due to multidrug-resistant A. baumannii are associated with prolonged hospital stays and high morbidity and mortality, particularly among hospitalized ICU patients. The lack of antibiotic stewardship programmes in many healthcare facilities has exacerbated the burden of A. baumannii infections in many parts of Africa. This review discusses the prevalence and antibiotic-resistance pattern of the multidrug-resistant A. baumannii, and the possible ways to address or minimise its emergence in healthcare settings in Africa.