bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Neurobiología del estrés agudo y crónico: su efecto en el eje hipotálamohipófisis- adrenal y la memoria
Authors: Rodríguez-Fernández Jorge Mario , García-Acero Mary , Franco Pamela
Published: February 2020

Actualmente existe gran cantidad de información relacionada con el estrés y sus efectos. Por eso, este artículo se enfoca en el efecto de las hormonas del estrés en diversas áreas cerebrales, como lo son estructuras límbicas y en el eje hipotálamo-hipófisis-adrenal. Así mismo, se discutirá cómo el estrés repetitivo lleva a modificaciones en dichas áreas por el efecto de los glucocorticoides, pues dichas hormonas alteran la actividad basal de la amígdala, del hipocampo y de la corteza prefrontal medial, la función del eje hipotálamo-hipófisis-adrenal y funciones cognitivas como la memoria. Sin embargo, el mecanismo mediante el cual se producen dichos cambios es poco comprendido. Por eso, un reto a futuro es ligar los cambios celulares con sus efectos comportamentales, con el fin de entender su relación con el organismo in vivo.
Tumor de Wilms bilateral y cirugía ahorradora de nefronas: reporte de un caso
Authors: Correa Catalina , Luengas Juan Pablo , Peralta John Alexander
Published: February 2020

En este artículo se reporta el caso de una niña de cuatro años de edad, sin antecedentes perinatales o patológicos de importancia, procedente de área rural, en la región nororiental de Colombia, quien ingresó al Hospital Militar Central de Bogotá, Colombia, remitida por un cuadro de cinco meses de evolución que inició con tinte ictérico, pérdida de peso e hiporexia. Posteriormente, distensión abdominal y masa palpable abdominal de un mes de evolución. Por imágenes diagnósticas se documenta tumor de Wilms bilateral, el cual se trata con quimioterapia preoperatoria y nefrectomía parcial bilateral.
Ausencia congénita de la vena cava inferior en el segmento hepático: reporte de caso
Authors: Duarte Vallejo Alejandra , Londoño Arévalo María Antonieta , Rodríguez González Andrés Felipe , Acosta Izquierdo Laura
Published: February 2020

Las malformaciones de la vena cava inferior son raras y la ausencia de la vena cava inferior intrahepática corresponde a un pequeño porcentaje de estas. En algunos casos, se puede asociar con otras anomalías, pero su mayor importancia es la asociación con malformaciones cardiacas. Generalmente es asintomática y su diagnóstico se hace usualmente de manera incidental. El diagnóstico por imágenes se realiza con escanografía, angiografía o por resonancia magnética. El caso que reportamos es una ausencia de la vena cava inferior en el segmento hepático con continuación de la ácigos.
Concordancia entre la resonancia magnética post mortem y la autopsia clínica en la detección de malformaciones mayores en cadáveres de fetos y neonatos
Authors: Montes Loaiza Guillermo Andrés , Escalante Abril Paola Andrea , Uriza Carrasco Luis Felipe , Olaya Contreras Mercedes , Rivera Mariño Diego Miguel , De Castro Asís Alfredo Fernández , Gil Laverde Fabián Armando
Published: February 2020

Introducción: La utilización de imágenes diagnósticas en autopsias clínicas y médicolegales es una práctica que viene llevándose a cabo en países diferentes al nuestro, en especial en autopsias de particular dificultad como las de fetos y neonatos. Es importante conocer la concordancia entre la resonancia magnética post mortem y la autopsia clínica para recomendar su uso rutinario en nuestro medio.Materiales y métodos: Se realizó autopsia a 20 fetos y neonatos y se tomó resonancia magnética corporal total, comparando los hallazgos por imágenes con los hallazgos de la autopsia. Se tabuló la información obtenida y se calculó el valor kappa nominal para determinar la concordancia entre los dos métodos diagnósticos. Resultados:Se calculó la concordancia entre la resonancia magnética y la autopsia clínica en la detección de malformaciones mayores por sistema, calculando un índice de kappa para malformaciones mayores en sistema nervioso central de 0,273, para cabeza y cuello de 0,459, para sistema respiratorio de 0, para sistema cardiovascular de 0,459, para tubo digestivo y abdomen de 0 y para sistema urinario de 0,643.Conclusiones: A pesar de la mala concordancia entre la resonancia magnética post mortem y la autopsia clínica en la detección de malformaciones mayores, se considera en este caso la autopsia clínica como un patrón de referencia imperfecto y se recomienda el uso de la resonancia como modalidad de estudio que puede servir de apoyo a la autopsia clínica en la detección de malformaciones mayores en casos difíciles en fetos y neonatos.
Diagnóstico semiológico del síndrome de disfunción de la articulación sacroiliaca
Authors: Acevedo González Juan Carlos
Published: February 2020

El dolor en la región lumbar es una de las causas más frecuentes de incapacidad laboral. Su causa etiológica se determina solo en un 30 % de los casos, por limitaciones en el análisis clínico y en el conocimiento de otras causas diferentes de dolor, distintas a la hernia discal lumbar. La articulación sacroiliaca es una estructura determinante en el mantenimiento del equilibrio biomecánico axial. Es una estructura expuesta a múltiples alteraciones tanto estructurales como funcionales que modifican sus componentes y generan dolor en la región lumbar. Es una estructura de transición entre la columna vertebral y la pelvis, así como entre la pelvis y las extremidades inferiores. Esta revisión busca aclarar conceptos básicos y clínicos relacionados con la alteración de la articulación sacroiliaca. Igualmente, plantea la creación de una tabla de criterios diagnósticos básicos para su utilización rápida en la práctica médica. Posteriores estudios prospectivos permitirán evaluar su utilidad estadística.
Lo que las placentas dicen pero nadie quiere escuchar
Authors: Olaya Contreras Mercedes
Published: February 2020

Introducción: La placenta tiene la misma información genética que el feto; dentro del útero hace la labor de varios de sus órganos y guarda información sobre la vasculatura de la madre y la del hijo, reacciona contra infecciones y es afectada por las enfermedades maternas y también tiene manifestaciones de las enfermedades fetales.Objetivo: complementar su estudio con la información necesaria sobre ambos en el posparto, pues ahora, sorprendentemente, puede ayudar a entender trastornos transgeneracionales.Conclusión: Su rápida revisión y selección en la sala de partos define la ruta de las placentas y determina si se requiere estudio anatomopatológico. Este artículo explica cómo hacer la selección de manera efectiva.
Análisis de un modelo de clases latentes en las escalas de clasificación diagnóstica del síndrome coronario agudo
Authors: Sprockel Díaz John Jaime , Fontalvo María Teresa , Araque Carolina
Published: February 2020

Introducción: El dolor torácico representa una de las principales causas de consulta al servicio de urgencias; por ello la identificación de situaciones que ponen en riesgo la vida, en especial los síndromes coronarios agudos (SCA), se convierte en la prioridad. Las escalas de Braunwald y TIMI son dos de las aproximaciones usadas en la clasificación inicial de los pacientes.Metodología: A partir de una base de datos obtenida de un estudio de la aplicación de rutas críticas en el diagnóstico de los SCA, integrada por pacientes con dolor torácico, se realizó un estudio exploratorio en el que, a partir de un análisis de clases latentes, se evaluaron los componentes de dichas escalas. Resultados: Se encuentra que el mejor modelo consta de dos clases latentes para el caso de la escala de Braunwald y de tres para el TIMI. Se sugiere que podríamos disminuir la dimensionalidad de la escala de Braunwald excluyendo las variables de edema pulmonar y la inversión aislada de la onda T en una derivación. La escala de TIMI no se ajusta lo suficiente para lograr la clasificación diagnóstica de los SCA.Conclusión: El análisis de clases latentes podría ser usado para clasificar los grupos de clasificación del dolor torácico para los SCA o disminuir su dimensionalidad.
Diagnóstico diferencial en lesiones congénitas de la pared toracoabdominal fetal y neonatal
Authors: Olaya Contreras Mercedes , Rodríguez José Luis , Giraldo Gustavo , Pineda Tatiana , Salazar Ana Janeth , Franco Jorge Andrés
Published: February 2020

Introducción: Los defectos congénitos de la pared toracoabdominal del feto o del recién nacido presentan un reto diagnóstico en medicina perinatal. Algunas de las entidades se sobreponen, comparten segmentos alterados y pueden tener etiología semejante o no.Métodos: Se revisaron bases de datos en busca de criterios diagnósticos de entidades que involucran defectos congénitos en la pared toracoabdominal. Se ilustran con casos recibidos en el Hospital Universitario San Ignacio. Resultados: De la revisión seconstruyó una guía diagnóstica.Conclusiones: Dada la complejidad diagnóstica de los defectos de la pared toracoabdominal en fetos y recién nacidos por su tamaño, por los cambios por maceración o por las malformaciones asociadas, es indispensable conocer los criterios para el correcto dictamen.
Historia de la cirugía laparoscópica: particularidades de su introducción y desarrollo en Cuba
Authors: Pérez Martínez Caridad De Jesús
Published: February 2020

La cirugía de mínimo acceso ha devenido una verdadera revolución en la cirugía, especialmente en el campo de la cirugía general, con el advenimiento de la cirugía laparoscópica. Para el presente artículo se llevó a cabo una revisión bibliográfica con el objetivo de describir los antecedentes, los orígenes y el desarrollo de la cirugía de mínimo acceso y de la cirugía laparoscópica en el mundo y en Cuba. Se revisaron artículos de reciente actualización, aunque finalmente se contó con treinta referencias bibliográficas. Se concluyó que las bases más importantes para el desarrollo de la cirugía laparoscópica se erigieron sobre los avances tecnológicos de finales del siglo XIX y principios del XX, y que la aplicación de la cirugía robótica y la cirugía sin huellas son la expresión del desarrollo ilimitado de la mínima invasividad. En Cuba se ha producido un desarrollo proporcional y en correspondencia con el reportado internacionalmente.
Sangrado oscuro y anemia crónica severa: discusión sobre dos causas gastrointestinales subvaloradas en Colombia
Authors: Mosquera Klinger Gabriel , Correa Néstor Fabián , Concha Mejía Alejandro
Published: February 2020

El sangrado digestivo oscuro es una causa frecuente de anemia crónica por pérdidas gastrointestinales. La gravedad de la anemia depende de la causa, por ello se presenta el caso de un paciente con dos causas subvaloradas en nuestro medio. En este paciente sin antecedentes previos de enfermedad, con cuadro de fatiga fácil, palidez cutáneomucosa marcada, se documenta anemia ferropénica severa, con requerimiento de soporte transfusional. Al buscar activamente su causa, se encontró una hernia hiatal grande y lesiones de Cameron como causa de anemia crónica.
Progressive and Compound Forming for Producing Plunger-Typed Microparts by Using Sheet Metal
Authors: Zheng Jun-Yuan , Fu Ming-Wang
Published: February 2020

The plunger part in temporary electronic connectors is traditionally fabricated by micromachining. Progressive forming of microparts by directly using sheet metals is developed and proven to be an efficient microforming process to overcome some intrinsic drawback in realization of mass production of microparts. By employing this unique micromanufacturing process, an efficient approach with progressive microforming is developed to fabricate plunger-shaped microparts. In this endeavor, a progressive forming system for making microplungers using extrusion and blanking operations is developed, and the grain size effect affected deformation behaviors and of surface qualities of the microformed parts are studied. The knowledge for fabrication of plunger-shaped microparts via progressive microforming is developed, and the in-depth understanding and insight into the deformation behaviors and tailoring the product quality and properties will facilitate the design and development of the forming process by using this unique microforming approach.
Dual Regime Spray Deposition Based Laser Direct Writing of Metal Patterns on Polymer Substrates
Authors: Akin Semih , Gabor Ted , Jo Seunghwan , Joe Hangeun , Tsai Jung-Ting , Park Yeonsoo , Lee Chi Hwan , Park Min Soo , Jun Martin Byung-Guk
Published: February 2020

In recent years, the metallization of polymers has been intensely studied as it takes advantage of both plastics and metals. Laser direct writing (LDW) is one of the most widely used technologies to obtain metal patterns on polymer substrates. In LDW technology, different methods including injection-molding, drop-casting, dip coating, and spin coating are utilized for surface preparation of polymer materials prior to the laser activation process. In this study, an atomization based dual regime spray coating system is introduced as a novel method to prepare the surface of the materials for LDW of metal patterns. Copper micropatterns on the polymer surface were achieved with a minimum feature size of 30 μm, having a strong adhesion and excellent conductivity. The results show that the dual regime spray deposition system can be potentially used to obtain uniform thin film coating with relatively less material consumption on the substrates for surface preparation of laser direct metallization of polymers.
Surface Morphology and Wall Angle Comparison of Microchannels Fabricated in Titanium Alloy Using Laser-Based Processes
Authors: Bhandari Suman , Martinez-Prieto Nicolas , Cao Jian , Ehmann Kornel
Published: February 2020

The increase in the usage of titanium alloys for micro-engineering applications has driven the demand for improved micromanufacturing processes. Laser-based microfabrication processes such as direct laser ablation (DLA), laser-induced plasma micromachining (LIPMM), and magnetically controlled laser-induced plasma micromachining (MC-LIPMM) are promising technologies to fill this technological gap. In this paper, we evaluate microchannels fabricated in Ti6Al4V substrates using laser ablation, LIPMM, and MC-LIPMM. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images and 3D scans of the channels were used to compare the surface morphology and channel geometry for different feed rates and number of laser passes. Wall angle measurements show that the LIPMM processes yield channels with steeper walls and smoother walls in comparison with the channels fabricated using direct ablation. The clear morphological differences on the surface finish of the walls made by direct ablation and using laser-induced plasmas hint at the differences in material removal mechanisms between these manufacturing methods.
GB Apprentice Jockeys Do Not Have the Body Composition to Make Current Minimum Race Weights: Is It Time to Change the Weights or Change the Jockeys?
Authors: Wilson George , Hill Jerry , Martin Daniel , Morton James P. , Close Graeme L.
Published: February 2020

Flat jockeys in Great Britain (GB) are classified as apprentices if they are aged less than 26 years and/or have ridden less than 95 winners. To gain experience, apprentices are allocated a weight allowance of up to 7 lb (3.2 kg). Given that there is no off-season in GB flat horseracing, jockeys are required to maintain their racing weight all year round. In light of recent work determining that current apprentices are considerably heavier than previous generations and that smaller increases have been made in the minimum weight, the aim of this study was to assess if the minimum weight in GB was achievable. To make the minimum weight (50.8 kg) with the maximal weight allowance requires a body mass of ∼46.6 kg while maintaining a fat mass >2.5 kg (the lowest fat mass previously reported in weight-restricted males). Thirty-two male apprentice jockeys were assessed for body composition using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. The mean (SD) total mass and fat mass were 56 (2.9) kg and 7.2 (1.8) kg, respectively. Given that the lowest theoretical body mass for this group was 51.2 (2.3) kg, only one of 32 jockeys was deemed feasible to achieve the minimum weight with their current weight allowance and maintaining fat mass >2.5 kg. Furthermore, urine osmolality of 780 (260) mOsmol/L was seen, with 22 (out of 32) jockeys classed as dehydrated (>700 mOsmols/L), indicating that body mass would be higher when euhydrated. Additionally, we observed that within new apprentice jockeys licensed during this study (N = 41), only one jockey was able to achieve the minimum weight. To facilitate the goal of achieving race weight with minimal disruptions to well-being, the authors’ data suggest that the minimum weight for GB apprentices should be raised.
Physical Activity Intervention Effects on Sedentary Time in Spanish-Speaking Latinas
Authors: Hartman Sheri J. , Pekmezi Dori , Dunsiger Shira I. , Marcus Bess H.
Published: February 2020

Background: Latinas have high rates of sedentary behavior and related health disparities, but it is unknown if interventions to increase physical activity will also reduce sedentary time. The current study examined changes in objectively measured sedentary time among Latinas in a randomized controlled trial of a physical activity intervention. Methods: Spanish-speaking Latinas (N = 202) were randomized to an exercise or wellness group and wore an accelerometer at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months. Results: Participants were sedentary on an average of 8.86 hours per day (SD = 2.60) at baseline. The intervention group had significantly greater increases in sedentary time compared with the control group, with the intervention group engaging in 146 more minutes per week of sedentary time at 6 months and 254 minutes per week of sedentary time at 12 months than the control group (P = .02). The intervention effect on sedentary behavior remained after controlling for moderate to vigorous physical activity. Additionally, time spent in moderate to vigorous physical activity was positively associated with more sedentary time (P = .04). Conclusion: An intervention to increase moderate to vigorous physical activity resulted in greater sedentary time, raising concerns regarding compensation and highlighting the need for interventions to address both physical activity and sedentary behavior to improve public health.
Examining the Relationship Between Neuroplasticity and Learned Helplessness After ACLR: Early Versus Late Recovery
Authors: Burland Julie P. , Lepley Adam S. , Cormier Marc , DiStefano Lindsay J. , Lepley Lindsey K.
Published: February 2020

Context: Altered neural signaling is known to have a direct impact on psychological wellness. Therefore, disruptions in neural signaling after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction may influence psychological dysfunction, in some cases manifesting as learned helplessness. Helplessness is a psychological paradigm that presents as altered neuromuscular control, reduced motivation, and psychological deficits. Objectives: The authors sought to evaluate the relationship between helplessness, neural activity, and quadriceps function at different time points after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Evidence Acquisition: Twenty-nine individuals with unilateral anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction were categorized into early group (<2 y, age: 19.13 [2.18] y; height: 1.77 [0.11] m; mass: 76.903 [11.87] kg) or late group (>2 y, age: 22 [23] y; height: 1.67 [0.07] m; mass: 65.66 [11.33] kg). Quadriceps function (activation and strength), spinal-reflexive and corticospinal excitability (active motor thresholds and motor evoked potentials), and helplessness were obtained. A principal component analysis was performed by group (early and late) to identify which factors of helplessness were most associated with neural activity and quadriceps function. Pearson product moment correlation analyses were performed by group to determine associations between individual components and main outcomes. Evidence Synthesis: In the early group, cognitive readiness was associated with quadriceps strength of the injured limb (r2 = .513, P = .004), and self-awareness/management was associated with motor threshold of the injured limb (r2 = .238, P = .05). In the late group, intrinsic helplessness was associated with motor output of injured limb (r2 = .653, P = .01). Conclusion: Helplessness is made up of several attributional constructs, which are altered at different phases of recovery. Helplessness constructs interact differently with neural activity and quadriceps function across time. These findings are preliminary and do not establish a causal link between neural alterations and learned helplessness. Future studies should serially evaluate both changes in neural activity and learned helplessness attributes throughout recovery.
New Perspectives on Risk Factors for Exertional Heat Stroke
Authors: Morrissey Margaret C. , Szymanski Michael R. , Grundstein Andrew J. , Casa Douglas J.
Published: February 2020

Intense exercise in extreme heat can increase the risk of developing exertional heat stroke (EHS). EHS is 100% survivable with appropriate care, and it is imperative that health care professionals recognize predisposing factors that may increase susceptibility to EHS. Understanding risk factors for EHS will enable clinicians to create effective prevention strategies to improve exercise heat tolerance and mitigate EHS risk. This review addresses new perspectives on risk factors for EHS that focus on hydration, heat acclimatization, medical conditions, climate change and policies, medications, and strength and conditioning sessions.
Chemokine receptor 4 targeted protein MRI contrast agent for early detection of liver metastases
Authors: Tan Shanshan , Yang Hua , Xue Shenghui , Qiao Jingjuan , Salarian Mani , Hekmatyar Khan , Meng Yuguang , Mukkavilli Rao , Pu Fan , Odubade Oluwatosin Y. , Harris Wayne , Hai Yan , Yushak Melinda L. , Morales-Tirado Vanessa M. , Mittal Pardeep , Sun Phillip Z. , Lawson David , Grossniklaus Hans E. , Yang Jenny J.
Published: February 2020

Design a protein-based contrast agent for detecting liver metastases with magnetic resonance imaging.
Continuous fiberizing by laser melting (Cofiblas): Production of highly flexible glass nanofibers with effectively unlimited length
Authors: Quintero F. , Penide J. , Riveiro A. , del Val J. , Comesaña R. , Lusquiños F. , Pou J.
Published: February 2020

Laser melting and supersonic dragging together demonstrate their unique ability to continuously produce glass nanofibers.
Direct imaging of an inhomogeneous electric current distribution using the trajectory of magnetic half-skyrmions
Authors: Zhang Senfu , Zhang Xichao , Zhang Junwei , Ganguly Arnab , Xia Jing , Wen Yan , Zhang Qiang , Yu Guoqiang , Hou Zhipeng , Wang Wenhong , Peng Yong , Xiao Gang , Manchon Aurelien , Kosel Jürgen , Zhou Yan , Zhang Xi-Xiang
Published: February 2020

The direct imaging of inhomogeneous current distribution was demonstrated by using the polar magneto-optical Kerr microscopy.
Imaging through noise with quantum illumination
Authors: Gregory T. , Moreau P.-A. , Toninelli E. , Padgett M. J.
Published: February 2020

Full-field imaging using quantum illumination distinguishes the true image from a structured thermal background.
Phosphoregulation of Rad51/Rad52 by CDK1 functions as a molecular switch for cell cycle–specific activation of homologous recombination
Authors: Lim Gyubum , Chang Yeonji , Huh Won-Ki
Published: February 2020

Phosphorylation of Rad51/Rad52 by CDK1 regulates cell cycle–specific activation of homologous recombination.
Bright magnetic dipole radiation from two-dimensional lead-halide perovskites
Authors: DeCrescent Ryan A. , Venkatesan Naveen R. , Dahlman Clayton J. , Kennard Rhys M. , Zhang Xie , Li Wenhao , Du Xinhong , Chabinyc Michael L. , Zia Rashid , Schuller Jon A.
Published: February 2020

Unique radiation patterns reveal “forbidden” light-matter interactions in hybrid organic-inorganic ionic crystals.
Expansion of known ssRNA phage genomes: From tens to over a thousand
Authors: Callanan J. , Stockdale S. R. , Shkoporov A. , Draper L. A. , Ross R. P. , Hill C.
Published: February 2020

We report a massive expansion in RNA-encoded bacterial viral genomes, which have been overlooked within environments.
Attoliter protein nanogels from droplet nanofluidics for intracellular delivery
Authors: Toprakcioglu Zenon , Challa Pavan Kumar , Morse David B. , Knowles Tuomas
Published: February 2020

Protein nanogels formed using nanofluidics have the ability to penetrate mammalian cell membranes and deliver intracellular cargo.
Rapid transport of germ-mimetic nanoparticles with dual conformational polyethylene glycol chains in biological tissues
Authors: Yang Yiwei , Tian Falin , Nie Di , Liu Yuan , Qian Kun , Yu Miaorong , Wang Aohua , Zhang Yaqi , Shi Xinghua , Gan Yong
Published: February 2020

Germ-mimetic nanoparticles with extended and packed polymer chains can overcome multiple barriers more efficiently.
Specialization of mucosal immunoglobulins in pathogen control and microbiota homeostasis occurred early in vertebrate evolution
Authors: Xu Zhen , Takizawa Fumio , Casadei Elisa , Shibasaki Yasuhiro , Ding Yang , Sauters Thomas J. C. , Yu Yongyao , Salinas Irene , Sunyer J. Oriol
Published: February 2020

Mucosal immunoglobulins of primitive and modern vertebrates evolved to control pathogens and preserve microbiota homeostasis.
Noncoding RNA transcription alters chromosomal topology to promote isotype-specific class switch recombination
Authors: Rothschild Gerson , Zhang Wanwei , Lim Junghyun , Giri Pankaj Kumar , Laffleur Brice , Chen Yiyun , Fang Mingyan , Chen Yuling , Nair Lekha , Liu Zhi-Ping , Deng Haiteng , Hammarström Lennart , Wang Jiguang , Basu Uttiya
Published: February 2020

A noncoding RNA–expressing element drives IgA class switch recombination.
Beyond $$M_{t\bar{t}}$$: learning to search for a broad $$t\bar{t}$$ resonance at the LHC
Authors: Jung Sunghoon , Lee Dongsub , Xie Ke-Pan
Published: February 2020

A resonance peak in the invariant mass spectrum has been the main feature of a particle at collider experiments. However, broad resonances not exhibiting such a sharp peak are generically predicted in new physics models beyond the Standard Model. Without a peak, how do we discover a broad resonance at colliders? We use machine learning technique to explore answers beyond common knowledge. We learn that, by applying deep neural network to the case of a$$t\bar{t}$$tt¯resonance, the invariant mass$$M_{t\bar{t}}$$Mtt¯is still useful, but additional information from off-resonance region, angular correlations,$$p_T$$pT, and top jet mass are also significantly important. As a result, the improved LHC sensitivities do not depend strongly on the width. The results may also imply that the additional information can be used to improve narrow-resonance searches too. Further, we also detail how we assess machine-learned information.
Efficient Enumeration Algorithms for Regular Document Spanners
Authors: Florenzano Fernando , Riveros Cristian , Ugarte Martín , Vansummeren Stijn , Vrgoč Domagoj
Published: February 2020

Regular expressions and automata models with capture variables are core tools in rule-based information extraction. These formalisms, also called
regular document spanners
, use regular languages to locate the data that a user wants to extract from a text document and then store this data into variables. Since document spanners can easily generate large outputs, it is important to have efficient evaluation algorithms that can generate the extracted data in a quick succession, and with relatively little precomputation time. Toward this goal, we present a practical evaluation algorithm that allows output-linear delay enumeration of a spanner’s result after a precomputation phase that is linear in the document. Although the algorithm assumes that the spanner is specified in a syntactic variant of variable-set automata, we also study how it can be applied when the spanner is specified by general variable-set automata, regex formulas, or spanner algebras. Finally, we study the related problem of counting the number of outputs of a document spanner and provide a fine-grained analysis of the classes of document spanners that support efficient enumeration of their results.
ϵ
KTELO
Authors: Zhang Dan , McKenna Ryan , Kotsogiannis Ios , Bissias George , Hay Michael , Machanavajjhala Ashwin , Miklau Gerome
Published: February 2020

The adoption of differential privacy is growing, but the complexity of designing private, efficient, and accurate algorithms is still high. We propose a novel programming framework and system, ϵ
KTELO
for implementing both existing and new privacy algorithms. For the task of answering linear counting queries, we show that nearly all existing algorithms can be composed from operators, each conforming to one of a small number of operator classes. While past programming frameworks have helped to ensure the privacy of programs, the novelty of our framework is its significant support for authoring accurate and efficient (as well as private) programs.

After describing the design and architecture of the ϵ
KTELO
system, we show that ϵ
KTELO
is expressive, allows for safer implementations through code reuse, and allows both privacy novices and experts to easily design algorithms. We provide a number of novel implementation techniques to support the generality and scalability of ϵ
KTELO
operators. These include methods to automatically compute lossless reductions of the data representation, implicit matrices that avoid materialized state but still support computations, and iterative inference implementations that generalize techniques from the privacy literature.

We demonstrate the utility of ϵ
KTELO
by designing several new state-of-the-art algorithms, most of which result from simple re-combinations of operators defined in the framework. We study the accuracy and scalability of ϵ
KTELO
plans in a thorough empirical evaluation.
A Mixed-Methods Approach to Understanding Funder Trust and Due Diligence Processes in Online Crowdfunding Investment
Authors: Jones Helen S. , Moncur Wendy
Published: February 2020

We report on two studies undertaken to establish the factors that affect funders’ trust and likelihood to invest in crowdfunding campaigns online. Findings from an initial small-scale qualitative study are reported and subsequently triangulated in a larger quantitative survey. Across these studies, we demonstrate the importance of social information within the peer economy, with a strong reliance on other users across the course of the investment decision-making process. Decision making on whether to invest is informed not only by the content of the crowdfunding campaign page but also by social influence factors that are present (e.g., liking of the campaigner, reciprocity). It is further shaped by due diligence checks focused on the progression of the prototype for which funding is sought, and by assurances from outside the campaign page—namely on social media. Such assurances center around the importance of social proof, garnered through opinions of previous customers or other funders. The risk here is that much of this information is content that can be faked, and as such a reliance on this may leave potential funders vulnerable. Meanwhile, a genuine lack of prior experience and customer base means that some legitimate campaigners struggle to gain trust from potential investors who are reliant on such social information. Our findings present an empirical grounding to develop future security solutions that (1) protect existing funders and (2) increase potential funders’ level of trust, to encourage their engagement with legitimate crowdfunding campaigns.
Acute Rheumatic Fever: A Disease of the Past?
Authors: Myette Robert L.
Published: February 2020

Introduction. Acute rheumatic fever (ARF) is a manifestation of the nonsuppurative sequelae of Streptococcus pyogenes infection. Herein, two cases of ARF are presented to highlight that this disease is present in urban cities, can be diagnosed in otherwise healthy children, and that its diagnosis may be challenging, or marred with confounders, leading to delays in diagnosis. Case Report. Two unrelated children, age 7 and 9, presented to an urban hospital in Canada with unique manifestations of ARF. Diagnosis of ARF in the first patient was interrupted by a course of steroids which masked symptoms leading to therapeutic delays. The second patient presented with facial droop and symptoms thought to be viral, thus leading to misdiagnosis as Bell’s palsy. Discussion/Conclusion. ARF is more common in underserviced and marginalized populations, which may lead clinicians in urban centers to overlook signs or symptoms suggestive of ARF because they no longer see this condition routinely, or they believe it is a disease of the past.
Epigenetic Therapy as a Putative Molecular Target to Modulate B Cell Biology and Behavior in the Context of Immunological Disorders
Authors: da Costa Thayse Pinheiro , El-Cheikh Marcia Cury , Carneiro Katia
Published: February 2020

Histone Deacetylase- (HDAC-) dependent epigenetic mechanisms have been widely explored in the last decade in different types of malignancies in preclinical studies. This effort led to the discovery and development of a range of new HDAC inhibitors (iHDAC) with different chemical properties and selective abilities. In fact, hematological malignancies were the first ones to have new iHDACs approved for clinical use, such as Vorinostat and Romidepsin for cutaneous T cell lymphoma and panobinostat for multiple myeloma. Besides these promising already approved iHDACs, we highlight a range of studies focusing on the HDAC-dependent epigenetic control of B cell development, behavior, and/or function. Here, we highlight 21 iHDACs which have been studied in the literature in the context of B cell development and/or dysfunction mostly focused on B cell lymphomagenesis. Regardless, we have identified 55 clinical trials using 6 out of 21 iHDACs to approach their putative roles on B cell malignancies; none of them focuses on peritoneal B cell populations. Since cells belonging to this peculiar body compartment, named B1 cells, may contribute to the development of autoimmune pathologies, such as lupus, a better understanding of the HDAC-dependent epigenetic mechanisms that control its biology and behavior might shed light on iHDAC use to manage these immunological dysfunctions. In this sense, iHDACs might emerge as a promising new approach for translational studies in this field. In this review, we discuss a putative role of iHDACs in the modulation of peritoneal B cell subpopulation’s balance as well as their role as therapeutic agents in the context of chronic diseases mediated by peritoneal B cells.
Fatal Idiopathic Hyperammonemia after Induction Chemotherapy for Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Angelo Christophe , Vincent Marie-Françoise , Komuta Mina , Hantson Philippe , Straetmans Nicole , Boulet Edwige
Published: February 2020

Idiopathic hyperammonemia is a rare but potentially fatal complication occurring in patients with acute leukemia or bone marrow transplantation. The role of some specific anticancer drugs may be discussed, but the etiology of hyperammonemia is often multifactorial. We report the case of a 40-year-old woman who developed fatal idiopathic hyperammonemia two weeks after induction chemotherapy with idarubicin-aracytine for acute myeloid leukemia. Despite intensive care management and extrarenal epuration, the patient was declared brain dead two days after hyperammonemia onset.
Efficacy and Safety of Jiawei Suanzaoren Decoction Combined with Lorazepam for Chronic Insomnia: A Parallel‐Group Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Song Ming-Fen , Chen Li-Qiong , Shao Qiong-Yan , Hu Lin-Lin , Liu Wen-Juan , Zhang Yong-Hua
Published: February 2020

Background. Chronic insomnia is a major public health problem, but there are limited effective therapies. Jiawei Suanzaoren Decoction (JW‐SZRD) has been used as an alternative option for treating insomnia. This study aimed to investigate the long‐term efficacy and safety of JW‐SZRD in combination with lorazepam for chronic insomnia. Methods. A total of 207 participants were analyzed in this study. The treatment group (TG) received JW‐SZRD and lorazepam orally, and the control group (CG) received lorazepam alone. The Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), the Self‐Rating Depression Scale (SDS), the Self‐Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), and the Somatic Self‐rating Scale (SSS) were evaluated at baseline, weeks 4, 8, and 12. The MOS 36‐item Short Form Health Survey (SF‐36) was assessed at baseline and week 12. Adverse effects (AEs) were evaluated by the Treatment Emergent Symptom Scale (TESS). Results. Both TG and CG showed obvious improvements in the sleep onset latency (SOL) (P = 0.001 and 0.005) and total sleep time (TST) (P = 0.0001 and 0.001). However, TG was more effective than CG at weeks 8 (P = 0.02 for SOL, P = 0.008 for TST) and 12 (P = 0.03 for SOL, P = 0.04 for TST), especially in shortening SOL (Cohen’s d = 1.28). The ISI reduction rate in TG was higher than that in CG at weeks 4, 8, and 12 (P = 0.008, 0.001 and 0.001). After treatment, TG had lower SAS scores (P = 0.0001, 0.007), less somatic symptoms (P < 0.05 or 0.01), higher SF‐36 scores (P < 0.05 or 0.01), better compliance (P = 0.0001), and less adverse effects (P < 0.05 or 0.01) than those in CG. Conclusion. The combination of JW‐SZRD with lorazepam can significantly improve sleep quality with fewer AEs. It is an effective treatment and superior to lorazepam alone for chronic insomnia.
TET1 is a Tumor Suppressor That Inhibits Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Cell Migration and Invasion
Authors: Yu Shuang , Yin Yali , Hong Shubin , Cao Siting , Huang Yanrui , Chen Shuwei , Liu Yujie , Guan Hongyu , Zhang Quan , Li Yanbing , Xiao Haipeng
Published: February 2020

Background. Ten-eleven translocation (TET) enzymes catalyze the oxidation of 5-methylcytosine (5mC) to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) promoting demethylation in cells. However, the expression pattern and biologic significance of TET in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) remain unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the biological functions of TET1 and the miRNA and mRNA expression levels in PTC cells with downregulated TET1. Methods. The expression of the TET family in 49 PTC tissues and corresponding tumor-adjacent tissues, as well as PTC cell lines (BCPAP, K1, and TPC-1) and the normal thyroid epithelial cell line (Nthy-ori 3-1), were detected using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The 5hmC level was detected in PTC tissues and cell lines using immunohistochemistry and dot blot assay, respectively. After silencing the TET1 gene with siRNAs in BCPAP and TPC-1 cells, cell proliferation was detected using EdU assay. Transwell assay was used to investigate cell migration and invasion. miRNA and mRNA expression arrays were conducted in TET1-depleted BCPAP cells. Results. The expression level of TET1 decreased in PTC tissues and cell lines and was consistent with the reduction in the 5hmC level. The knockdown of the TET1 gene promoted cell migration and invasion in BCPAP cells. The expression of miR-7, miR-15/16 cluster, and let-7 family was downregulated, while the expression of let-7e was upregulated after siRNA-TET1 treatment in BCPAP cells. The expression of WNT4, FZD4, CDK6, MCF2L, and EDN1 was upregulated as potential target genes of dysregulated miRNAs. Conclusion. The study showed that TET1 dysfunction inhibited the migration and invasion of BCPAP cells and might have a potential role in the pathogenesis of PTC.
New Partial Symmetries from Group Algebras for Lepton Mixing
Authors: Rong Shu-Jun
Published: February 2020

Recent stringent experiment data of neutrino oscillations induces partial symmetries such as Z2 and Z2×CP to derive lepton mixing patterns. New partial symmetries expressed with elements of group algebras are studied. A specific lepton mixing pattern could correspond to a set of equivalent elements of a group algebra. The transformation which interchanges the elements could express a residual CP symmetry. Lepton mixing matrices from S3 group algebras are of the trimaximal form with the μ−τ reflection symmetry. Accordingly, elements of S3 group algebras are equivalent to Z2×CP. Comments on S4 group algebras are given. The predictions of Z2×CP broken from the group S4 with the generalized CP symmetry are also obtained from elements of S4 group algebras.
Evaluating Sustainable Liveable City via Multi-MCDM and Hopfield Neural Network
Authors: Chen Zhanbo
Published: February 2020

Research on liveable cities has received increased attention in recent years because of the complexity and diversity of liveability standards. Evaluating the liveable environment is a multiple criteria decision-making (MCDM) problem, and the results can be used to control environmental pollution and protect human health. However, different evaluation methods can lead to different results; hence, determining how to effectively to obtain the consistent results is a main consideration of this study. The objective of this work is to design an optimal method based on the difference ratio concept. A hopfield neural network is selected to validate the experimental results. Referring to the liveable city rankings established by the Economist Intelligence Unit, thirteen large cities in China are used to illustrate the application of the model, evaluate the liveable urban environment, and demonstrate the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed model. The results show that Hangzhou is the most liveable city and Beijing has the worst liveable urban environment. Therefore, a common policy should be strengthening environmental governance, with a special focus on the development of low-carbon cities, for which both the local and global environmental impacts could be mitigated.
An Entropy-Based Formulation for Assessing the Complexity Level of a Mass Customization Industry 4.0 Environment
Authors: Martínez-Olvera César
Published: February 2020

It has been stated that Industry 4.0’s goal is, among others, the sustainable success in a market characterized by exigent and informed consumers demanding personalized products and services, where the level of manufacturing complexity increases with level of product customization. Even though different manufacturing complexity measures have been developed, there seems to be a lack of a comprehensive metric that address both the mass customization variety-induced complexity, and the complexity derived from the adoption of the Industry 4.0 paradigm. The main original contribution of this paper is the development of an entropy-based (entropic) formulation to address this last issue. Its validity and usefulness is put to the test via a discrete-event simulation study of a mass customization production system operating within an Industry 4.0 context. Our findings show that the entropic formulation acts as a fairly good trend indicator of the system’s performance parameter increase/decrease, but not as an estimator of the final values. A discussion of the managerial implications of the obtained results is offered at the end of the paper.
Using Harmony Search Algorithm in Neural Networks to Improve Fraud Detection in Banking System
Authors: Daliri Sajjad
Published: February 2020

Financial fraud is among the main problems undermining the confidence of customers in addition to incurring economic losses to banks and financial institutions. In recent years, along with the proliferation of fraud, financial institutions began looking for ways to find a suitable solution in the fight against fraud. Given the advanced and varied changes in methods of fraud, extensive research has been conducted to detect fraud. In this paper, the Artificial Neural Network technique and Harmony Search Algorithm are used to detect fraud. In the proposed method, hidden patterns between normal and fraudulent customers’ information are searched. Given that fraudulent behavior could be detected and stopped before they take place, the results of the proposed system show that it has an acceptable capability in fraud detection.
Measles Virus Imported by International Traveler in Jiangsu Province of China, in 2018 and 2019
Authors: Hu Ying , Deng Xiuying , Lu Peishan , Guo Hongxiong
Published: February 2020

Measles remains a public health concern in many regions, and the imported measles cases continue to challenge the measles elimination program for most of the countries where measles was verified to be eliminated or approaching elimination. The imported measles cases have been reported since October, 2017, in Jiangsu province, China. In this study, we reported the first imported B3 genotype measles virus from Egypt and the second imported D8 genotype measles virus from Philippines through international traveling. No secondary measles cases were found after these imported cases. Our findings highlighted the importance of measles vaccination targeting international travelers in China.
Causes and Clinical Impact of Loss to Follow-Up in Patients with Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy
Authors: Abdelmotaal Hazem , Ibrahim Walid , Sharaf Mohamed , Abdelazeem Khaled
Published: February 2020

Purpose. This study determined the clinical impact and causes of loss to follow-up (LTFU) from the patients’ perspective in individuals with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) who received panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) and/or intravitreal injections (IVIs) of antivascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Methods. This prospective cohort study included 467 patients with PDR who received PRP and/or IVIs of anti-VEGF between May 2013 and June 2018. LTFU was defined as missing any follow-up visit for any interval exceeding 6 months, provided that patients eventually resumed care. Main outcome measures include rates and causes of LTFU. Results. A total of 391 patients (83.7%) were followed up, and 76 patients (16.3%) were LTFU over the study period. Rates of LTFU decreased with age (P=0.005). Questionnaire analysis conducted for patients’ LTFU showed a significant positive correlation between best corrected visual activity (BCVA) loss and patient’s lack of trust and satisfaction with treatment (rs = 0.458, P<0.001). There was also a significant positive correlation between treatment unaffordability and number of IVIs of anti-VEGF (rs = 0.55, P<0.001) and lack of social support and age (rs = 0.39, P<0.001). Conclusions. LTFU threatens vision in PDR patients receiving PRP and/or IVIs of anti-VEGF. Possibly, patient-specific LTFU causes should be addressed before treatment in order to minimize the risk of LTFU. The clinical trial is registered with NCT04018326 (trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04018326, 10th of July 2019 “Retrospectively registered”).
Synthesis of New Oxindoles and Determination of Their Antibacterial Properties
Authors: Romo Pablo E. , Insuasty Braulio , Abonia Rodrigo , Crespo María del Pilar , Quiroga Jairo
Published: February 2020

A versatile method for the synthesis of new oxindoles was developed by the reaction between substituted isatins and 5-aminopyrazoles. The reaction was carried out at room temperature in ethanol using p-toluenesulfonic acid as the catalyst. The products were obtained with acceptable to excellent yields (44–96%). Structures of the new compounds were unambiguously established by spectroscopic and analytical techniques. The antibacterial activity was determined by microdilution assays. Compounds 3b, 3e, and 3g showed antistaphylococcal activity, particularly compound 3e displayed a potent activity against the vancomycin intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (VISA). Compounds 3i, 3j, and 3o inhibited Neisseria gonorrhoeae growth.