bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Use of verbal de-escalation in reducing need for mechanical restraint in patients with psychotic disorders during non-voluntary transfers from home to the psychiatric emergency department
Authors: Miranda Ruiz E. , Gonzalez A. , Samos P. , Bellsola M. , Sabate A. , Leon J. , Jerónimo M.A. , Pérez-Solà V. , Martin L.M. , Corcoles D.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Little is known about the need for mechanical restraint during non-voluntary transfers from patient’s homes to the psychiatric emergency department in patients diagnosed with Paranoid Schizophrenia. Although there is no evidence of its efficacy, one of the main tools used for the reduction of mechanical restraints is verbal de-escalation training.

Objectives

The aim is to describe which symptoms predispose to mechanical restrain in patients with Paranoid Schizophrenia transferred in a non-voluntary manner from home to the psychiatric emergency department, and the effect on reducing mechanical restraints after receiving verbal de-escalation training.

Methods

All patients with Paranoid Schizophrenia who, after being visited by a home psychiatry team, have required non-voluntary transfer from their homes to the psychiatric emergency department were selected (N = 442).

Results

Young age, being male, having a poor adherence to treatment, higher scores for de following variables; Excitement, Grandiosity, Suspiciousness, Hostility, Abstract thinking, Motor tension, Uncooperativeness, Poor attention, Lack of insight and Poor impulse control as well as lower scores in motor retardation on the PANSS, are related to a higher frequency of mechanical restrain (P<0,005). Before the verbal de-escalation training, 43.9% of the transferred patients required mechanical restraint, after the training, the need for restraints was reduced to 25.5% (P<0.001).

Conclusions

Training in verbal de-escalation has allowed an important reduction in mechanical restraints in patients with schizophrenia who have required non-voluntary transfers from home to the psychiatric emergency department.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Ekbom’s syndrome in an HIV man: a case report
Authors: Paiva Pajares D. , Hernández Peláez C. , Martínez Muelas A. , López Isern M. , Castelló Pons T.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Ekbom’s syndrome, also known as delusional parasitosis, is a neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by the delusional belief that the body is infested by parasites, small organisms or materials. Multiple etiologies have been described such as psychiatric and neurological disorders, substance intoxication or other medical conditions. We present a case of Ekbom’s syndrome in an individual infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

Objectives

To report a case of a patient with Ekbom’s syndrome and HIV.

Methods

A 33-years-old man assists to the emergency unit in order to excessive drowsiness. During the evaluation an antihistamin overdose is confirmed. The patient justifies taking it by claiming to have parasites all over the skin, a fact that is ruled out. Medical history is reviewed presenting multiple visits to GP for thinking that he has parasites, performing medical examinations without alterations. Toxicological, hemogram, biochemistry, hormonal and vitamin study did not show alterations.

Results

Due to the symptoms presented, it was decided to start antipsychotic therapy. At the beginning, the patient is not aware of needing treatment other than antiparasitic. After optimizing the olanzapine dose to reach 20 mg / day, the patient denied experiencing tactile and visual hallucinations.

Conclusions

Ekbom’s syndrome is a multifactorial neuropsychiatric disorder, individuals infected with HIV are at increased risk of psychotic disorders. The patient was diagnosed of psychotic disorder due to another medical condition because the history of HIV preceded the history of delusional content.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Analysis of mortality from suicide in the Altai Republic, Russia, for the period of 1990-2019
Authors: Semenova N.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

The Altai Republic (AR) is a national republic of the Russian Federation (RF), where the indigenous people – Altaians live, and where a high death rate from suicide is recorded.

Objectives

To analyze the dynamics of mortality from suicide in the AR for the period from 1990 to 2019.

Methods

Data on mortality of the population were obtained from the Russian databases of demographic indicators. The data were analyzed in terms of indicators standardized per 100,000 population.

Results

In the AR, as well as in the RF as a whole, there has been an increase in the level of suicide since 1990, but in Altai it lasted for a longer period of time – for 13 years. Throughout the entire period, the suicide rates in the AR have consistently exceeded the all-Russian indicators by 1.5-3 times, and by 2019 the gap in indicators has doubled compared to 1990. The curve of mortality from suicide in the AR has a fluctuating character with spontaneous peaks, in contrast to the curve in the RF that has the form of a “plateau”.

Conclusions

In the AR, the mortality rate from suicide consistently exceeds the all-Russian indicators, by 2019 the gap in indicators has doubled. The mortality curve is fluctuating, which we associate with clustering of suicides. This phenomenon requires further study.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
The epidemiology of distress: prevalence and associated factors of symptoms of depression, anxiety, and loneliness at the end of the first wave of COVID-19 in Qatar
Authors: Khaled S. , Haddad P. , Woodruff P.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

There is paucity of epidemiological studies from the Arab world and most of the focus of available international data is on the early months of the pandemic.

Objectives

We conducted the first cross-sectional national phone survey of adults in Qatar during the end of the first wave of the pandemic (December 2020 -January 2021) to estimate the prevalence and determinants of depression and/or anxiety.

Methods

We used the Physician Health Questionnaire-9 and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 with cut-off scores of ≥10; the revised UCLA loneliness scale; and questions related to COVID-19 status, death of family or friend, quarantine, health and changes in living arrangements. Bivariate and logistic regression models estimated associations between thirteen variables and combined depression-anxiety (score of 20 or higher).

Results

The two-week prevalence of depression was 6.5% (95%CI: 5.1-8.4), of anxiety 5.1% (95%CI: 3.8-6.9), but only 2.5% sought mental health professional help since the pandemic started. When including loneliness (OR=1.57, p (<0.001) in the model, the following variables were statistically significantly associated with depression-anxiety: female gender (OR=1.90, p=0.037), Qatari nationality (OR=2.37, p=0.018), Arab ethnicity (OR=3.14, p=0.007), and COVID-19 death of family or friend (OR=3.06, p=0.003). Without adjusting for loneliness, younger age (18-29 versus 40+ years of age: OR=2.9, p=0.004) and chronic health conditions (OR=2.0, p=0.029) were significantly associated with depression-anxiety.

Conclusions

Prevalence of depression and/or anxiety during the end of the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic in Qatar was similar to pre-pandemic estimates. Mental health service should focus on young adults, women, the bereaved, lonely and those with chronic health problems.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Treatment of Insomnia in Multimorbid Elderly
Authors: Stoppe G.
Published: September 2022

The treatment of sleep disorders in older people requires knowledge of the changes in sleep in old age. In the case of multimorbid older people, pharmacological aspects such as interactions must also be taken into account. Sleep in old age is characterised by a lower depth of sleep and more frequent awakenings. The duration of sleep corresponds to that in middle adulthood. In multimorbid older people, sleep is often chronically impaired by pain and/or obstructive breathing disorders. Many medications can have a negative effect on sleep. This applies to cortisone, for example. Antipsychotics can also worsen sleep by worsening nocturnal myoclonia. Ideally, sleep disorders should first be addressed non-pharmacologically. For benzodiazepines, preparations with a short half-life should be chosen. An algorithm is presented. References:

Gulia KK, Kumar VM. Sleep disorders in the elderly: a growing challenge. Psychogeriatrics 2018;18(3):155-165. Samara MT, Huhn M, Chiocchia V, Schneider-Thoma
J, Wiegand M, Salanti G, Leucht S. Efficacy, acceptability, and tolerability of all available treatments for insomnia in the elderly: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. ActaPsychiatr Scand. 2020;142(1):6-17.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Safer communities; how the first forensic community mental health team helped improve mental health, battle stigma, and reduce offending
Authors: Siddiqui M.H. , Reagu S. , Al Abdulla M.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Qatar established its Forensic Community Mental Health Team (FCMHT) in 2019 as part of the region’s first comprehensive forensic psychiatry service. We present here the data on clinical and offending outcomes since its establishment and compare this with data from before the service was established

Objectives

To compare clinical and offending outcomes in mental health patients with criminal offending histories in Qatar before and after the establishment of Forensic Community Mental Health Team (FCMHT).

Methods

This is a retrospective study comparing the socio-demographical characteristics, clinical outcome and recidivism measures of forensic patients, under the FCMHT for the last two years with data from a similar period before the services were in place.

Results

Data for 170 patients in total was analyzed. 85 patients currently under the active care of forensic community team were matched with a comparable group before the establishment of the services. The re-admission and reoffending rates after the establishment of the service over 1 year of follow up was 15% and 20% respectively compared with 60% and 85% of the group before the service.

Conclusions

Since its inception, the FCMHT has made significant positive impact on quality of life, mental well-being and safety of patients under its care. Close working relationships with criminal justice system, families and carers has helped fight stigma and promote safer community.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Description of a clinical intervention among patients admitted to the medium secure forensic psychiatric services in Central Denmark Region
Authors: Jentz C. , Sandbæk A. , Andersen A. , Kennedy H. , Sørensen L.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Patients with schizophrenia suffer from increased mortality rates equivalent to 15-20 years shorter life expectancy. Up to 60% of this excess mortality can be explained by preventable, somatic conditions like cardiovascular, metabolic, and respiratory comorbidities. As forensic psychiatric (FP) patients often experience the triple stigmatization of mental illness, substance misuse and criminal conviction, the risk of suboptimal diagnosis and treatment may be high. Although benefits from the addition of general practitioner (GP) services to non-FP wards have been shown elsewhere, this cross-sectoral approach has never been attempted in a Danish FP ward.

Objectives

One purpose of this project is to evaluate the associations between self-reported quality of life and objective measures of somatic health.

Methods

A clinical intervention in which a GP consults patients in all medium secure wards in the Central Denmark Region (N=72). The consultation includes a physical examination, medication review, and evaluation of blood samples. Data is collected from: electronic patient files and questionnaires regarding quality of life (SF-12), lifestyle, and attitude towards GP services.

Results

The population will be described in regards to socio-demographic, clinical, and forensic characteristics. Associations will be made between quality of life (SF-12), metabolic syndrome, blood markers, and heart-SCORE risk. Risk profiles for endocrinologic and coronary illness will be examined.

Conclusions

Results may guide future health interventions and will be used as a basis for adjustments to the current project.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Quality of Life, Risk and Recovery in a National Forensic Mental Health Service: A D-FOREST study from DUNDRUM Hospital
Authors: Amin H. , Edet I. , Basrak N. , Crudden G. , Kennedy H. , Davoren M.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Secure forensic mental health services have a dual role, to treat mental disorder and reduce violent recidivism. Quality of life is a method of assessing an individual patients’ perception of their own life and is linked to personal recovery. Placement in secure forensic hospital settings should not be a barrier to achieving meaningful quality of life. The WHO-QuOL measure is a self-rated tool, internationally validated used to measure patients own perception of their quality of life.

Objectives

This aim of this study was to assess self-reported quality of life in a complete National cohort of forensic in-patients, and ascertain the associations between quality of life and measures of violence risk, recovery and functioning.

Methods

This is a cross sectional study, set in Dundrum Hospital, the site of Ireland’s National Forensic Mental Health Service. It therefore includes a complete national cohort of forensic in-patients. The WHO-QuOL was offered to all 95 in-patients in Dundrum Hospital during December 2020 – January 2021, as was PANSS (Positive and Negative Symptoms for Schizophrenia Scale). During the study period the researchers collated the scores from HCR-20 (violence risk), therapeutic programme completion (DUNDRUM-3) and recovery (DUNDRUM-4). Data was gathered as part of the Dundrum Forensic Redevelopment Evaluation Study (D-FOREST).

Results

Lower scores on dynamic violence risk, better recovery and functioning scores were associated with higher self-rated quality of life.

Conclusions

The quality of life scale was meaningful in a secure forensic hospital setting. Further analysis will test relationships between symptoms, risk and protective factors and global function.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Sedentary Behaviour in the Secure Forensic Hospital Setting: A Study from Dundrum Hospital Ireland
Authors: Gibbons A. , Hoare T. , Kirrane K. , Kennedy H. , Davoren M.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Secure forensic mental health services offer care and treatment to mentally disordered offenders, with high rates of schizophrenia and major mental illness in these groups. Much of the excess morbidity and mortality seen among patients with schizophrenia is due to cardiovascular disease and obesity. Sedentary behaviour is associated with negative symptoms of schizophrenia and obesity.

Objectives

The aim of this study was to ascertain the level of sedentary behaviour among inpatients in a secure forensic psychiatric hospital, Dundrum, Ireland, using a structured self-report measure of sedentary behaviours, the SIT-Q
tool.

Methods

A cross sectional study of self-reported sedentary behaviour was completed amongst the secure forensic inpatient population of Dundrum Hospital (N=94). Demographic details, details pertaining to diagnoses, ward level of dependency and length of stay were collated.

Results

The majority of patients in the sample were male (89%) and the most common diagnosis was schizophrenia (71.7%). Mean age was 44.7 years (SD 11.42). 58.2% met criteria for obesity. We found high rates of self-reported sedentary behaviour across all wards of the service, with significantly high rates of sedentary behaviour being associated with screen time use in the hospital, including both personal screen time and therapeutic sessions based on screen time.

Conclusions

Sedentary behaviour among in-patients in secure forensic hospitals is a significant issue. Measuring sedentary behaviour in a systematic manner is possible and identifies a potentially modifiable target to reduce co-morbidity and pre-mature mortality independent of other risk factors in this vulnerable patient group.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Epidemiological and clinical aspects of psychiatric disorders in Tunisian prisons
Authors: Kacem M. , Bouali W. , Karkeni N. , Faouel N. , Zarrouk L.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

The estimation of the percentage of mentally ill among prisoners and of the most severe psychiatric disorders has been the subject of few studies in Tunisia.

Objectives

To study in a general way the extent of psychiatric disorders among prisoners. To describe the socio-demographic and judicial characteristics of prisoners. To describe the clinical, evolutionary and therapeutic characteristics of the main psychiatric disorders.

Methods

This is a cross-sectional and descriptive study, carried out over a period of 4 months (February 2021-May 2021) on one hundred and twelve inmates of the civil prison of Mahdia followed in psychiatry. Data were collected using a pre-established questionnaire. It is made up of 30 items.

Results

The prevalence of mental disorders in prison was 9.03%. The descriptive study revealed an average age of 37.57 years, a majority having a single marital status (62.5%), the professional activity before imprisonment were workers in 61.6%, a history of imprisonment more than twice in 62.5% of cases and 50.89% declared having been victims of physical acts, psychological or sexual abuse during their childhood. Murder, armed robbery, drug trafficking and rape were the most frequent offenses with respective rates of 25.2; 17.07; 13.82 and 9.75%. Anxiety was noted in 53.57% of cases, of the respondents, depressive syndrome was in 28.57% of cases, schizophrenia was reported in 18, 75% of cases and substance-related disorders were noted in 21.42% of cases.

Conclusions

Longitudinal studies should, in the coming years, try to understand the impact of imprisonment on the onset and evolution of psychiatric disorders.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of the perpetrators of sexual assaults assessed at the psychiatric department of Mahdia
Authors: Kacem M. , Bouali W. , Charaa O. , Faouel N. , Zarrouk L.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Sexual assault constitutes a major problem in Tunisian society. There is no definitive typology of the characteristics of those who sexually assault. The great diversity of sexual assault behaviors and the different underlying motivations do not allow us to describe a typical profile of the sexual assailant. There may be cognitive, personality trait, lifestyle, and pathway distortions involved in the etiology and maintenance of deviant sexual behaviors.

Objectives

To establish the socio-demographic and clinical profile of the perpetrators of sexual assault appraised in the psychiatric service of Mahdia.

Methods

This is a descriptive retrospective file-based study on all subjects assessed at the Taher Sfar Mahdia psychiatric department for sexual assault during the period from January 01, 2010 to December 31, 2020.

Results

Our sample consisted of 18 interviewed subjects. The median age was 40 years with extremes of age of the accused ranging from 30 to 61 years. The entire population is male. He was essentially of average socio-economic level. A psychiatric diagnosis was retained in 50% of the perpetrators of sexual assault: bipolar disorder (27.7%), schizophrenia (11.1%), antisocial type personality disorders (5.5%) and mental retardation (5.5%). Indecent assault was the most common assault followed by rape. The minors were victims in 33.3% of the cases Among those arrested, 72% were considered responsible for their acts and only one is considered irresponsible.

Conclusions

The studies having focused on the characteristics of the sexual aggressors concluded with a profile of the young man, single and badly inserted which does not constitute in any case a typical profile.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Clinical and psychological features of the brain organization of mental activity in children with autistic disorders
Authors: Pustovaya A. , Gutkevich E. , Shushpanova O.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) – nosological continuum of genetically and clinically heterogeneous mental disorders united by complex violation of mental development, social interaction and behavior.

Objectives

Identify the features of brain functioning in children with ASD.

Methods

Neuropsychological diagnostics (Zh. Glozman), results acoustic brainstem evoked potentials (ABEP), mathematical methods. The study involved 48 children with diagnoses (ICD-10): F84. 0, F84. 1, F84.5, aged 3 to 8 years (average age 4.18 years).

Results

Neuropsychological examination revealed the main Indices of the functioning of brain blocks: the Index of activation and energy components of activity (I Index), the Index of the right-hemisphere holistic strategy of information processing (Index II-rights), the Index of the left-hemisphere analytical strategy of information processing (Index II-left), the Index of programming, regulation and control of activity (III Index). Then the children were divided into groups (p<0.001): 1 group – 10 children with high I Index (W = -6.03); 2 – 20 children with high Index II-rights (W = -5.74); 3 – 18 children with high III Index (W = -2.32). Correlation analysis showed: for group 1 difficulties in the perception of auditory information are characteristic; for group 2 – reduced level of control over the course of mental activity, difficulties in automating thinking and speech, coordination of movements; for group 3 – relationship is not manifested.

Conclusions

Phonemic perception causes the greatest difficulties in children of group 1. Children of group 2 are characterized by difficulties in the formation of motor speech skills, a decrease in voluntary activity and control over it.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Organising Joint Primary & Secondary Care (CPA) Reviews for severe mental health disorders hosted at GP practice in Walsall UK, an exemplar of collaborative working
Authors: Afghan S.S. , Shanker A.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Provision of holisitc, accessible and high quality mental health care to the patients requires sharing of responsibilities & resources, enhanced communication & collaboration at the interface (primary care systems and secondary care mental health services). An innovative model of single point of care for people with severe and enduring mental health problems hosted at a primary care (GP) setting has been developed and evaluated in Walsall, UK.

Objectives

To develop and evaluate an integrated (multidisciplinary) approach of managing health & social care needs of people with severe mental health disorders.

Methods

People with severe & enduring mental health problems were reviewed in primary care (N=65). A comprehensive physical, mental and psychosocial assessments were undertaken by the clinicians that included GP, Psychiatrist and Care-Coordinator.The reviews included: 1) A review of physical health indicators based on the Lester toolkit by practice pharmacist/nurse, including lifestyle, body weight, BMI and blood pressure. 2) Individualised interventions included physical / psychiatric prescribing, social prescribing and advise on lifestyle changes. Stable patients were recommended for stepping down from the secondary care. Outcomes included Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire (PSQ).

Results

Satisfaction on the PSQ was rated from very good to excellent. Results highlighted multiple benefits including trust generation, improved communication among professionals, physical health screening and prompt clinical decision making (e.g. referral / prescribing). Other benefits included patient access & satisfaction, time and cost efficiency by reducing the number of reviews.

Conclusions

The integtrated CPA reviews offers efficient, holisitc & cost effective model of care with high satisfaction levels for patients and is replicable.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
The Use of Dietary Supplements for Mental Health Among the Saudi Population
Authors: Alateeq D. , Korayem G. , Alsubaie M. , Alsafi F. , Alsulaiman S.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Despite the limited evidence about the efficacy and safety of dietary supplement use for mental health, people tend to use them quite often. Generally the use of supplements among Saudi population shown to be prevalent, although limited studies that assessed their use for the improvement of mental health.

Objectives

Identify the prevalence of dietary supplements use for mental health among the population in Saudi Arabia and also determine the factors that affect the use of dietary health supplements for mental health.

Methods

A cross-sectional study of a convenience sample of 443 participants from various regions in Saudi Arabia. Questionnaire includes demographics, dietary use supplement assessment, and mental health assessment via the patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9), generalized anxiety disorder questionnaire (GAD-7), and insomnia severity index (ISI).

Results

The prevalence of DS among the Saudi population reached 44%. Vitamin D and Melatonin were the most commonly reported DS used for mental health among the study population. The use of DS was associated with three times higher odds in patients who had previous mental health disorder diagnoses (OR 2.972; 95%CI; 1.602-5.515). The chance of using DS almost doubled in patients with subthreshold and moderate-severe insomnia (OR 1.930;95% CI 1.191-3.126) and (OR 2.485; 95% CI 1.247- 4.954) respectively.

Conclusions

Despite the limited evidence about the efficacy and safety of dietary supplement use for mental health, people tend to use them quite often. Although the use of supplements among Saudi population shown to be prevalent, limited studies assessed their use for the improvement of mental health.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Healthcare professionals’ encountering Experience of the Youths with Non-suicidal Self-injury in Acute Psychiatric Ward
Authors: Pan A.-N. , Lin E.C.-L.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Non-suicidal Self-Injury (NSSI) refers to causing damage on body tissue without attending to death. It is mostly presented among the youths and not approved by the society. Studies nowadays have explored the perspectives, feelings or experience of the youths or healthcare professionals. However, negative feelings and misunderstandings toward each other remain from both sides.

Objectives

The aim was to explore the encountering experience of the youths with NSSI and the healthcare professionals during the same hospitalization in a psychiatric acute ward.

Methods

Qualitative study was employed by using narrative approach. In-depth interview was conducted for the youths with NSSI and their primary nurse and resident from a medical center in southern Taiwan.

Results

Narratives from the patients and healthcare professionals showed that the youths seemed to be comfortable as encountering with the healthcare professionals’ caring. In contrast, the healthcare professionals’ struggles had been hidden inside and remained uneasy and unsolved. Two extreme experiences have been reported by the youths with NSSI: felt satisfied and understood about being cared vs. felt numbness and not been understood. Four kinds of experience were identified as: struggling on caring them, feeling confused and helpless, keeping a safe distance, and having contradicted values.

Conclusions

This study found that the healthcare professionals suffer from varied aspects when encountering the youths with NSSI, which they often hid inside without expressing. Future improvement such as care guideline or staff’s support system should be built to decrease the negative effects inside the healthcare professionals’ mind.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Schizophrenia stigma in mental health professionals and associated factors: A systematic review
Authors: Valery K.-M. , Prouteau A.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

The consequences of schizophrenia stigma are numerous and highly damaging to individuals, their families, the health care system and society. Mental health professionals (MHP) are considered to be one of the main sources of stigmatization.

Objectives

To identify the characteristics of MHP stigma in schizophrenia in comparison with other psychiatric disorders, the specificities of MHP compared with other social groups, and associated factors.

Methods

Following PRISMA guidelines, we systematically searched multiple electronic databases for articles: (i) reporting original data published in English in peer-reviewed journals, (ii) reporting quantitative data with statistical analysis, (iii) assessing stigma in a broad sense, and (iv) including samples composed only of MHP.

Results

A total of 38 articles published from 1999 to 2019 and involving 10926 MHP fulfilled our inclusion criteria. Studies showed that schizophrenia is the most stigmatized mental illnesses in MHP, despite recent results suggesting that borderline personality disorder and substance abuse may be more stigmatized. In comparison with other social groups, MHP reported less dangerousness beliefs and more positive beliefs regarding pharmacological treatment. Nevertheless, results were less consistent regarding prognosis and desire for social distance. Age, education level, type of mental health profession, or length of practice were associated factors that showed inconsistent relations with stigma. Work setting and biological causal beliefs were more clearly associated with MHP stigma.

Conclusions

These findings provide strong support for the need to conduct specific research on schizophrenia stigma in MHP and the importance of controlling for several variables to identify predictors of stigma.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Comprehensive rehabilitation and resocialization in mental health care after surgery of head and neck tumors
Authors: Magomed-Eminov M. , Orlova O. , Uklonskaya D. , Reshetov D. , Zborovskaya Y. , Matveeva S. , Romanova E. , Fedina M.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

There is increasing number of head and neck tumors. Modern medical technologies allow to save lives, but lead to cosmetic and functional defects. DSM-V clarifies that “life threatening illness or debilitating medical condition is not necessarily considered a traumatic event”. However, cancer diagnosis and treatment influence on mental health. Patients after surgery of head and neck tumors need special rehabilitation, because of loss or impairment of speech function. This significantly reduces communicative potential, changes social status, reduces rehabilitation potential.

Objectives

During 6 years we have conducted studies to improve methods of psychological and pedagogical diagnostics, optimize speech therapy and psychological support for increasing effectiveness of speech rehabilitation.

Methods

Speech rehabilitation was carried out with correctional-pedagogical technologies and psychological support. We used Achieving Tendency Scale, Questionnaire measures of Affiliative Tendency and Sensitivity to Rejection, narrative interview, Scale of speech utterance implementation, rehabilitation potential evaluation, general condition assessment by ECOG and Karnovsky, auditory assessment. Speech therapy included methods for eliminating dysphagia, normalizing speech breathing, improving utterance realization. Psychological support kept meaning-narrative approach.

Results

Number of patients without difficulties or with slight difficulties in speech utterance implementation increased by 57.1%. Number of patients with high rehabilitation potential increased by 48.8%.

Conclusions

Psychological and pedagogical rehabilitation and resocialization after surgery of head and neck tumors has positive effect on mental health of patients, forms special rehabilitation motivation, helps to avoid disability and to transform life in new conditions.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Stereotypes of incompetence in schizophrenia among mental health professionals
Authors: Valery K.-M. , Prouteau A. , Fournier T. , Violeau L. , Guionnet S.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Mental health professionals are one of the major sources of stigma for persons with schizophrenia and their families. The stereotype of incompetence is central in this stigmatization, whereas valuing skills is a fundamental aspect of mental health care and recovery.

Objectives

The aim of this study is to identify the domains of competence stigmatized in schizophrenia by mental health professionals and the factors associated with this stigmatization.

Methods

An online survey was conducted with a specific measure of the stereotype of incompetence and these associated factors. Participants were to be mental health professionals who work or have worked with persons with schizophrenia. These participants were recruited through professional social networks.

Results

Responses of 164 participants were analyzed. The results reported four highly stigmatized skill domains: ability to relate well socially, ability to be effective in their work, ability to make decisions about their health, and ability to control their emotions. Intelligence was found to be less stigmatized than the other dimensions. Recovery beliefs, categorical beliefs, and perceived similarities were factors associated with the stereotype of incompetence.

Conclusions

Responses of 164 participants were analyzed. The results reported four highly stigmatized skill domains: ability to relate well socially, ability to be effective in their work, ability to make decisions about their health, and ability to control their emotions. Intelligence was found to be less stigmatized than the other dimensions. Recovery beliefs, categorical beliefs, and perceived similarities were factors associated with the stereotype of incompetence.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Scientific evaluation of the High and Intensive Care (HIC) pilot projects in Belgian mental healthcare
Authors: Demunter H. , Jossa H. , Vandenhout K. , Claes S. , Bruffaerts R.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

The systematic monitoring and evaluation of innovative healthcare programs are essential to develop long-term sustainable solutions that respond to the health needs in the population (Porter & Teisberg, 2006). One such innovative healthcare program is the psychiatric High and Intensive Care (HIC) model, gradually implemented in 9 Belgian psychiatric hospitals since 2019. The HIC-model focuses on intensive patient-oriented care, in an attempt to exclude coercive measures and promote collaborative efforts between staff, patients, and relatives (Voskes et al., 2021).

Objectives

We discuss the following research questions: (1) which clinical profiles of patients are treated in HIC units in Belgium?; (2) Is the implementation of HIC units associated with decrease of coercive measures?; (3) What are self-reported aspects of HIC treatment approaches as experienced by patients, family and/or close friends, and professional staff (both working on the HIC units as well as in external healthcare facilities), and (4) what is the role of HIC units in the organization of mental healthcare on the societal level (e.g. The function of HIC in regional psychiatric networks or the health economic aspects)?

Methods

In order to develop a sustainable policy on HIC in Belgium, we use a scientist-practitioner perspective including a multimethod approach.

Results

The preliminary results of the first six months of data collection will be presented.

Conclusions

The preliminary conclusions of the first six months of data collection will be presented.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Cardiac arrest survivors – Psychiatric comorbidity and cognitive impairment
Authors: Borg J.M. , Stenager E. , Wang Y. , Svendstrup Christensen L. , Goos R. , Lund Henriksen F.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

In 2019 there were 1,760 patients in Denmark’s hospitals who experienced cardiac arrest (IHCA patients = In Hospital Cardiac Arrest patients). Of these patients about 70% survived. There is only limited knowledge about the mental and cognitive state of cardiac arrest survivors. However, it seems, that cardiac arrest survivors, perform mentally and cognitively worse compared to the background population. The mental and cognitive difficulties can lead to reduced quality of life for both those affected and their relatives.

Objectives

Because the above-mentioned area has limited knowledge, further studies are needed to shed more light into the problem.

Methods

To find out if the patients can be included in the study, the patient journals will be studied. After that there will be performed an interview-survey-based study, in which IHCA patients’ possible symptoms of depression, anxiety, PTSD and suicide risk, the patients’ quality of life and any cognitive disorder, shortly after and three months after cardiac arrest, will be examined. The study will also, if possible, focus on the patients’ relatives and on the eventual difficulties they may experience in the aftermath of a relative surviving a cardiac arrest. The above-mentioned will be done using already existing relevant psychiatric and neuropsychological examination tools. In relation to the patients’ relatives, however, a separate survey tool, that has been developed, will be used.

Results

It is an ongoing study. Results are expected in 2023.

Conclusions

In the long run the study hopefully can contribute to establishing relevant help, counseling and rehabilitation for the patients and relatives affected.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Alcohol Use in Adolescence: Transition from Use to Abuse
Authors: Dom G.
Published: September 2022

Understanding the factors that play a role in the initiation of alcohol use and the subsequent transition to later alcohol abuse adolescence is of paramount importance from the context of developing better-targeted types of secondary (“pro-active”) prevention interventions (Hendriks VM, Dom G., 2021). Peer and family influences together with temperament traits have been suggested to be of cardinal importance regarding the initiation of alcohol use. In addition to these factors neurobiological and genetic factors play a major role in the risk of developing alcohol abuse upon initiation. The presentation will highlight the different psychological, neurobiological, and social factors underlying the risk of the transition to abuse and dependence in adolescence. In addition, examples of targeted prevention interventions will be highlighted.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
The Relationship between Friendship and Social Life of Patients With Type 2 Diabetes with Depression
Authors: Kourkoumpas V. , Dimou K. , Dragioti E. , Mantzoukas S. , Gouva M.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

INTRODUCTION: Several studies have shown that the relationship between Diabetes and Depression is significant, but few have evaluated the relationship between this depression and patients’ social life.

Objectives

OBJECTIVE: Exploring the friendships and social life of patients with type 2 diabetes with levels of depression.

Methods

METHODS: The sample consisted of 130 Greek patients with type 2 diabetes and a mean age of 63.28 (SD = 13.89), who completed the following questionnaires voluntarily and anonymously: a) Zung Depression Scale and b) socio-demographic and self-reported questionnaire for their past and present friendships.

Results

RESULTS: Patients who had friends in the past scored lower depression rates (44.63 ± 11.53) than patients who did not have friends in the past (60.50 ± 6.36), with a statistically significant difference between them (p = 0.045), while patients who currently have friends scored lower depression rates (42.91 ± 10.86) than patients who do not currently have friends (58.81 ± 6.07), with a statistically very significant difference between them ( p = 0.000). Patients with type 2 diabetes who are not currently friends have higher levels of depression by 3.8 points compared to patients with type 2 diabetes who are currently friends.

Conclusions

CONCLUSIONS: Patients with diabetes mellitus with low levels of social life show statistically higher rates of depression and further study of this relationship is considered necessary.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Mental regulation of students’ psychological states
Authors: Kartasheva M. , Prokhorov A. , Chernov A. , Yusupov M.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

The main scientific task of the study is at the intersection of two fundamental areas of psychology - self-regulation of human mental states and management of educational activities. In the context of these problems, we study the self-regulation of states in academic activities.

Objectives

The purpose of the study is to show the patterns of mental organization of the person that ensure the regulation of states.

Methods

The theoretical basis of the study is the system approach. The typical methods and techniques of self-regulation of states, as well as the influence of mental structures on students’ self-regulation have been studied. To solve the problems, standardized psychological tests have been used (23 methods, 303 indicators). The research involved 206 students.

Results

We have revealed the features of the relationship between the quality of students’ subject training, regulatory abilities and mental states. It indicates that the effectiveness of students’ mental states self-regulation significantly affects the productivity of the semester exam. It has been established the properties of the personality providing high efficiency of self-regulation (adequacy, awareness, independence and assertiveness). Students with high self-regulation efficiency use a wide range of regulatory means.

Conclusions

The study of the influence of the mental structures on self-regulation and regulatory abilities of students confirmed the hypothesis that characteristics of mental organization play the central role in the regulation of psychological states. The research has been carried out with the financial support of the RFBR, project No. 19-29-07072.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Cognitive and Social Cognitive Impairment and their Impact on Real-Life Functioning and Quality of life
Authors: Sachs G.
Published: September 2022

Cognitive and social cognitive impairments are a central feature of schizophrenia and are known to significantly affect real-life functioning [1]. These impairments include deficits in memory, language function and executive function, as well as in processing speed and attention. In the domains of social cognition, face perception [2], voice perception, mentalizing and emotion regulation have been described to be affected. All deficits, cognitive and social-cognitive, can persist during symptomatic remission. Social cognition is a partial mediator between neurocognition and functional outcome. Recent research has demonstrated that neurocognition affects functional capacity and that social cognition affects community functioning [3]. The impact of cognition on quality of life (QOL) was shown in a large meta-analytic study, in which a moderate correlation of verbal ability and processing speed with subjective quality of life was found [4]. A network analysis showed that functional capacity and everyday life skills were the most central and highly interconnected nodes in the network. Functional capacity bridged cognition with everyday life skills, the everyday life skills node was linked to disorganization and expressive deficits [5]. Deficits in neurocognition and social cognition play a pivotal role as enduring impairment after clinical remission and as a critical rate-limiting factor in functional recovery. [1] Green et al. Schizophr Bull. 2000; 26(1): 119-136 [2] Sachs et al. Schizophr Res. 2004; 68(1):27-35 [3] Bechi et al. Psychiatry Res. 2017; 251:118-124 [4] Tolman & Kurtz Schizophr Bull. 2012; 272:419-424 [5] Galderisi et al. JAMA Psychiatry. 2018; 75(4):396-404

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Creation of a brief group intervention to reduce caregivers burden in an intensive home treatment unit
Authors: Martín-Blanco A. , Casellas Pujol E. , Gawron Schuster L. , González Simarro S. , Vera Igual J. , Ramírez Guillén A. , Farré Martínez A. , Niubó Cuadras M. , Torres Andreu C.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Intensive home-treatment (IHT) for people experiencing a mental health crisis has been progressively established in many European countries as an alternative to in-ward treatment. However, the management of acute episodes at home can cause burden in the caregivers of these patients.

Objectives

To create a brief group intervention (BGI) to reduce burden in the caregivers of the patients admitted to an IHT unit.

Methods

A preliminary version of the BGI (BGI 1.0) was designed based on literature’s review. It consisted of 4 sessions of 90 minutes (one per week), on-line (COVID-19), focused on caregivers burden, stress and self-care, communication skills, and self-compassion. All the caregivers of the patients admitted for IHT from 10/01/2020 to 06/01/2021 were offered the BGI 1.0. At the end of the intervention, participants (caregivers and therapists) were asked about their opinion on its contents and usefulness.

Results

A total of 31 caregivers received the BGI 1.0. Most of them felt satisfied with the intervention. Opinions varied as to which contents should be expanded or included. The therapists thought that the number of sessions should be increased to take a closer look at some contents or to include new ones. They also believed that the on-line format hindered the adherence and the interaction between the participants.

Conclusions

The BGI 1.0 seems to be a good starting point to design the final version of the intervention. However, an exhaustive assessment of the construct of burden in a larger sample of caregivers should be performed prior to its design.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Psychosocial determinants of job satisfaction: the case of employees of a Tunisian electricity and gas company
Authors: Rmadi N. , Kammoun N. , Masmoudi R. , Kotti N. , Masmoudi J. , Hammami K. , Masmoudi M.L. , Hajjaji M.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Over the past decades, a growing body of evidence has demonstrated the impact of the psychosocial work environment on workers’ health, safety and wellbeing. These factors may also affect employees ’job satisfaction.

Objectives

To explore psychosocial determinants of job satisfaction among workers in a Tunisian electricity and gas company.

Methods

A cross-sectional survey was conducted among male workers in a Tunisian electricity and gas company. The Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ), the Job Content Questionnaire and the general health questionnaire (GHQ12) were used to assess psychosocial risk factors at work. A principal component analysis (PCA) was used to assess correlations between instruments ’scores. Multiple linear regression analysis was applied to explore the specific factors associated with job satisfaction. Data were analysed using R software.

Results

A total of 83 workers participated in the survey (the age range: 21-60 years). Job satisfaction score varied from 0 to 100% with a mean of 73.09 %. In the PCA, job satisfaction had a positive correlation with high social support and a negative one with work-family conflicts, a high psychological demand, stress, burnout and quantitative demands. In multivariate analysis, factors negatively associated with job satisfaction were: age, stress and low social support. In contrast, seniority was positively associated with job satisfaction.

Conclusions

Job satisfaction is deeply influenced by the psychosocial work environment. Therefore, it is necessary to provide supervision, communication, and social support for these workers to increase or maintain a high level of job satisfaction.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.