bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Theoretical Study on the Aggregation of Copper Clusters on a Liquid Surface
Authors: Mao Hong-Ying , Li Bao-Xing , Ding Wang-Feng , Zhu Yu-Hong , Yang Xu-Xin , Li Chao-Yang , Ye Gao-Xiang
Published: November 2019

The ground state structures of copper clusters with different sizes along with their aggregation have been systematic investigated using Amsterdam Density Functional (ADF) and Atomistix ToolKit (ATK) programs. On the basis of geometry optimization, some Cu clusters with more stable structures which were not reported previously have been revealed. In most cases, these Cu clusters prefer to adopt icosahedral structures which originate from the 13-atom icosahedron. It has also been demonstrated that the interaction between two Cu clusters is anisotropic, which is attributed to their charge distribution, especially the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) of Cu clusters. Moreover, we have carried out the simulation of Cu clusters aggregation on the silicone oil substrate by means of Monte Carlo (MC) method, which shows good consistence with our previous experimental studies.
Influence of PLLA/PCL/HA Scaffold Fiber Orientation on Mechanical Properties and Osteoblast Behavior
Authors: de Siqueira Lilian , Ribeiro Nilza , Paredes Maria B. A. , Grenho Liliana , Cunha-Reis Cassilda , Trichês Eliandra S. , Fernandes Maria H. , Sousa Susana R. , Monteiro Fernando J.
Published: November 2019

Scaffolds based on aligned and non-aligned poly (L-lactic acid) (PLLA)/polycaprolactone (PCL) fibers obtained by electrospinning, associated to electrosprayed hydroxyapatite (HA) for tissue engineering applications were developed and their performance was compared in terms of their morphology and biological and mechanical behaviors. The morphological results assessed by scanning electron microscopy showed a mesh of PLLA/PCL fibers (random and perfectly aligned) associated with aggregates of nanophased HA. Fourier transform infrared spectrometry confirmed the homogeneity in the blends and the presence of nanoHA in the scaffold. As a result of fiber alignment a 15-fold increase in Young’s Modulus and an 8-fold increase in tensile strength were observed when compared to non-aligned fibers. In PLLA/PCL/HA scaffolds, the introduction of nanoHA caused a remarkable improvement of the mechanical strength of this material acting as a reinforcement, enhancing the response of these constructs to tensile stress. In vitro testing was evaluated using osteoblast (MC3T3-E1) cells. The results showed that both fibrous scaffolds were able to support osteoblast cell adhesion and proliferation and that fiber alignment induced increased cellular metabolic activity. In addition, the adhesion and proliferation of Staphylococcus aureus were evaluated and a lower number of colony forming units (CFUs) was obtained in the scaffolds with aligned fibers.
The Effect of Inner Friction on Concrete Fracture Behavior under Biaxial Compression: A 3D Mesostructure Study
Authors: Huang Yi-Qun , Hu Shao-Wei , Sun Yue-Yang
Published: November 2019

The mechanical behavior of concrete under biaxial loading condition (especially biaxial compression) is one of the most important indexes to evaluate the quality of concrete. To study the mechanical behavior of concrete under biaxial compression at mesoscale, we adopted our recently developed 3D numerical model based on Voronoi tessellation and cohesive elements. A constitutive model considering the friction effect is used in the model to characterize the fracture behavior of all potential fracture surfaces inside the concrete. A series of numerical experiments with different biaxial compression stress ratios were carried out. It was found that with the increase of the biaxial compression ratio, the proportion of energy increment caused by friction stress increases. The effect of inner friction coefficient on the biaxial relative strength was also investigated, and this kind of study is hard to be carried out through laboratory experiments. The results show that the inner friction coefficient has a great influence on the biaxial relative strength of concrete, and there is a positive correlation between these two parameters. Based on the above rules, a conservative biaxial relative compression strength envelope is obtained by setting the inner friction coefficient as zero.
CoS2/TiO2 Nanocomposites for Hydrogen Production under UV Irradiation
Authors: Shanmugaratnam Sivagowri , Velauthapillai Dhayalan , Ravirajan Punniamoorthy , Christy Alfred , Shivatharsiny Yohi
Published: November 2019

Transition metal chalcogenides have intensively focused on photocatalytic hydrogen production for a decade due to their stronger edge and the quantum confinement effect. This work mainly focuses on synthesis and hydrogen production efficiencies of cobalt disulfide (CoS2)-embedded TiO2 nanocomposites. Materials are synthesized by using a hydrothermal approach and the hydrogen production efficiencies of pristine CoS2, TiO2 nanoparticles and CoS2/TiO2 nanocomposites are compared under UV irradiation. A higher amount of hydrogen production (2.55 mmol g−1) is obtained with 10 wt.% CoS2/TiO2 nanocomposite than pristineTiO2 nanoparticles, whereas no hydrogen production was observed with pristine CoS2 nanoparticles. This result unveils that the metal dichalcogenide–CoS2 acts as an effective co-catalyst and nanocrystalline TiO2 serves as an active site by effectively separating the photogenerated electron–hole pair. This study lays down a new approach for developing transition metal dichalcogenide materials with significant bandgaps that can effectively harness solar energy for hydrogen production.
Building Better Batteries in the Solid State: A Review
Authors: Mauger Alain , Julien Christian M. , Paolella Andrea , Armand Michel , Zaghib Karim
Published: November 2019

Most of the current commercialized lithium batteries employ liquid electrolytes, despite their vulnerability to battery fire hazards, because they avoid the formation of dendrites on the anode side, which is commonly encountered in solid-state batteries. In a review two years ago, we focused on the challenges and issues facing lithium metal for solid-state rechargeable batteries, pointed to the progress made in addressing this drawback, and concluded that a situation could be envisioned where solid-state batteries would again win over liquid batteries for different applications in the near future. However, an additional drawback of solid-state batteries is the lower ionic conductivity of the electrolyte. Therefore, extensive research efforts have been invested in the last few years to overcome this problem, the reward of which has been significant progress. It is the purpose of this review to report these recent works and the state of the art on solid electrolytes. In addition to solid electrolytes stricto sensu, there are other electrolytes that are mainly solids, but with some added liquid. In some cases, the amount of liquid added is only on the microliter scale; the addition of liquid is aimed at only improving the contact between a solid-state electrolyte and an electrode, for instance. In some other cases, the amount of liquid is larger, as in the case of gel polymers. It is also an acceptable solution if the amount of liquid is small enough to maintain the safety of the cell; such cases are also considered in this review. Different chemistries are examined, including not only Li-air, Li–O2, and Li–S, but also sodium-ion batteries, which are also subject to intensive research. The challenges toward commercialization are also considered.
Evaluation of Thermally Treated Calotropis Procera Fiber for the Removal of Crude Oil on the Water Surface
Authors: Sobral Hilário Larissa , Batista dos Anjos Raoni , Borges de Moraes Juviniano Henrique , Ribeiro da Silva Djalma
Published: November 2019

Biosorbents have been highlighted as an alternative method for the removal of contaminants from spills or leaks of oil and its derivatives, since they are biodegradable, are highly available, low-cost, and have a good sorption capacity. This research investigated the sorption capacity of Calotropis procera fiber in natura (CP) and thermally treated (150 °C and 200 °C) for crude oil removal and recovery. The oil sorption tests were carried out in a dry and water (layer) static systems. The assays revealed that CP fiber has excellent hydrophobic-oil properties and good crude oil sorption capacity, about 75 times its own weight (76.32 g/g). The results of the treated fibers, CPT150 and CPT200, showed oil sorption capacities (in 24 h) higher than CP, between 94.31–103.37 g/g and 124.60–180.95 g/g, respectively. The results from sample CPT200 showed that it can be an excellent biosorbent for the removal of crude oil and other derivatives due to its high hydrophobicity, great reuse/resorption capacity, and ability to retain oil within the fiber lumens. Thus, it can be applied in the recovery, cleaning, and removal of petroleum products and its derivatives from spills and leaks in the future.
The Role of the Central Limit Theorem in the Heterogeneous Ensemble of Brownian Particles Approach
Authors: Vitali Silvia , Budimir Iva , Runfola Claudio , Castellani Gastone
Published: November 2019

The central limit theorem (CLT) and its generalization to stable distributions have been widely described in literature. However, many variations of the theorem have been defined and often their applicability in practical situations is not straightforward. In particular, the applicability of the CLT is essential for a derivation of heterogeneous ensemble of Brownian particles (HEBP). Here, we analyze the role of the CLT within the HEBP approach in more detail and derive the conditions under which the existing theorems are valid.
A Natural Quinazoline Derivative from Marine Sponge Hyrtios erectus Induces Apoptosis of Breast Cancer Cells via ROS Production and Intrinsic or Extrinsic Apoptosis Pathways
Authors: De Arun Kumar , Muthiyan Ramachandran , Mondal Samiran , Mahanta Nilkamal , Bhattacharya Debasis , Ponraj Perumal , Muniswamy Kangayan , Kundu Anandamoy , Kundu Madhu Sudhan , Sunder Jai , Karunakaran Dhanasekar , Bera Asit Kumar , Roy Sibnarayan Dam , Malakar Dhruba
Published: November 2019

Here, we report the therapeutic potential of a natural quinazoline derivative (2-chloro-6-phenyl-8H-quinazolino[4,3-b]quinazolin-8-one) isolated from marine sponge Hyrtios erectus against human breast cancer. The cytotoxicity of the compound was investigated on a human breast carcinoma cell line (MCF-7). Antiproliferative activity of the compound was estimated by 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. MTT assay showed significant inhibition of MCF-7 cells viability with the IC50 value of 13.04 ± 1.03 µg/mL after 48 h. The compound induced down-regulation of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein and increase in the pro-apoptotic Bax/Bcl-2 ratio in MCF-7 cells. The compound activated the expression of Caspases-9 and stimulated downstream signal transducer Caspase-7. In addition, Caspase-8 showed remarkable up-regulation in MCF-7 cells treated with the compound. Moreover, the compound was found to promote oxidative stress in MCF-7 cells that led to cell death. In conclusion, the compound could induce apoptosis of breast carcinoma cells via a mechanism that involves ROS production and either extrinsic or intrinsic apoptosis pathways. The systemic toxic potential of the compound was evaluated in an in vivo mouse model, and it was found non-toxic to the major organs.
Physical Properties of Composite Films from Tilapia Skin Collagen with Pachyrhizus Starch and Rambutan Peel Phenolics
Authors: Zhuang Yongliang , Ruan Shiyan , Yao Hanghang , Sun Yun
Published: November 2019

Different composite films composed of tilapia skin collagen (TSC) with Pachyrhizus starch (PS) or rambutan peel phenolics (RPP) were prepared, and the physical properties of these films were determined. The effects of PS and RPP on TSC films were investigated, and our results indicated that PS and RPP could improve the physical properties of TSC films. Opacity and film thickness showed an enhanced trend with increasing PS and RPP contents in TSC films, whereas solubility in water, elongation-at-break (EAB), and water vapor permeability (WVP) showed declining trends. TSC film with 10% PS and 0.5% RPP had the highest tensile strength, and the tensile strength dropped drastically when the content of PS and RPP increased. The light transmittances of the films could decrease with the incorporation of PS and RPP. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) demonstrated that the addition of PS and RPP improved the thermal stability of TSC films. In addition, X-ray diffraction indicated that the crystallinity of the films decreased and the amorphous structure of the films tended to become more complex with the addition of PS and RPP. As shown by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis, PS and RPP can strongly interact with TSC, resulting in a modification of its structure. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis showed that there was a good compatibility between TSC, PS, and RPP. The results indicated that TSC film incorporated with 10% PS and 0.5% RPP was an effective method for improve the physical properties of the film. TSC–PS–RPP composite films can be used not only in biomedical applications, but also as active food packaging materials.
Commercial Postural Devices: A Review
Authors: Yoong Nicole Kah Mun , Perring Jordan , Mobbs Ralph Jasper
Published: November 2019

Wearables are devices worn on the human body and are able to measure various health parameters, such as physical activity, energy expenditure and gait. With the advancement of technology, the general population are now spending more hours craning our necks and slouching over smartphones, tablets and computers, et cetera. Bodily posture is representative of physical and mental health. Poor posture can lead to spinal complications and the same can be said vice versa. As the standard of living increases, there is an increase in consumerism and the expectation to maintain such a lifestyle even in the aging population. Therefore, many are able to afford small luxuries in life, such as a piece of technology that could potentially improve their health in the long run. Wearable technology is a promising alternative to laboratory systems for movement and posture analysis. This article reviews commercial wearable devices with a focus on postural analysis. The clinical applicability of posture wearables, particularly in preventing, monitoring and treating spinal and musculoskeletal conditions, along with other purposes in healthcare, will be discussed.
Single-Pixel Imaging with Origami Pattern Construction
Authors: Yu Wen-Kai , Liu Yi-Ming
Published: November 2019

Single-pixel compressive imaging can recover images from fewer measurements, offering many benefits especially for the imaging modalities where array detection is unavailable. However, the widely used random projections fail to explore internal relations between coding patterns and image reconstruction. Here, we propose a single-pixel imaging method based on a deterministic origami pattern construction that can lead to a more accurate pattern ordering sequence and better imaging quality. It can decrease the sampling ratio, closer to the upper bounds. The experimental realization of this approach is a big step forward towards practical applications.
Spatio-Temporal Attention Model for Foreground Detection in Cross-Scene Surveillance Videos
Authors: Liang Dong , Pan Jiaxing , Sun Han , Zhou Huiyu
Published: November 2019

Foreground detection is an important theme in video surveillance. Conventional background modeling approaches build sophisticated temporal statistical model to detect foreground based on low-level features, while modern semantic/instance segmentation approaches generate high-level foreground annotation, but ignore the temporal relevance among consecutive frames. In this paper, we propose a Spatio-Temporal Attention Model (STAM) for cross-scene foreground detection. To fill the semantic gap between low and high level features, appearance and optical flow features are synthesized by attention modules via the feature learning procedure. Experimental results on CDnet 2014 benchmarks validate it and outperformed many state-of-the-art methods in seven evaluation metrics. With the attention modules and optical flow, its F-measure increased 9 % and 6 % respectively. The model without any tuning showed its cross-scene generalization on Wallflower and PETS datasets. The processing speed was 10.8 fps with the frame size 256 by 256.
Effects of Environmental Conditions and Composition on the Electrical Properties of Textile Fabrics
Authors: Torreblanca González José , García Ovejero Raúl , Lozano Murciego Álvaro , Villarrubia González Gabriel , De Paz Juan F.
Published: November 2019

In our day to day life, the environmental conditions, and especially the temperature and humidity of the air that surrounds us, go unnoticed. However, in many cases, these parameters play an important role in the use of materials since they modify their electrical properties. It is necessary to predict what this behaviour will be as these environmental conditions can introduce or improve desirable properties in the material, especially of textiles. The nature of these is to be dielectric, and therefore have a minimal DC electrical conductivity that is currently impossible to measure directly, so a methodology has been proposed to obtain the DC electrical resistivity through the method of discharging a condenser. For this purpose, a system was developed based on a static voltmeter, a climatic chamber and a control and data capture units. In order to validate the proposed system and methodology a study using both is described in this work. The study made it possible to verify that the most influential factor in establishing the values of the electrical parameters of a textile material is the nature of the fibres of which it is composed, although the influence of environmental conditions in fibres is also significant.
A Robust Cubature Kalman Filter with Abnormal Observations Identification Using the Mahalanobis Distance Criterion for Vehicular INS/GNSS Integration
Authors: Gao Bingbing , Hu Gaoge , Zhu Xinhe , Zhong Yongmin
Published: November 2019

INS/GNSS (inertial navigation system/global navigation satellite system) integration is a promising solution of vehicle navigation for intelligent transportation systems. However, the observation of GNSS inevitably involves uncertainty due to the vulnerability to signal blockage in many urban/suburban areas, leading to the degraded navigation performance for INS/GNSS integration. This paper develops a novel robust CKF with scaling factor by combining the emerging cubature Kalman filter (CKF) with the concept of Mahalanobis distance criterion to address the above problem involved in nonlinear INS/GNSS integration. It establishes a theory of abnormal observations identification using the Mahalanobis distance criterion. Subsequently, a robust factor (scaling factor), which is calculated via the Mahalanobis distance criterion, is introduced into the standard CKF to inflate the observation noise covariance, resulting in a decreased filtering gain in the presence of abnormal observations. The proposed robust CKF can effectively resist the influence of abnormal observations on navigation solution and thus improves the robustness of CKF for vehicular INS/GNSS integration. Simulation and experimental results have demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed robust CKF for vehicular navigation with INS/GNSS integration.
Incremental Learning to Personalize Human Activity Recognition Models: The Importance of Human AI Collaboration
Authors: Siirtola Pekka , Röning Juha
Published: November 2019

This study presents incremental learning based methods to personalize human activity recognition models. Initially, a user-independent model is used in the recognition process. When a new user starts to use the human activity recognition application, personal streaming data can be gathered. Of course, this data does not have labels. However, there are three different ways to obtain this data: non-supervised, semi-supervised, and supervised. The non-supervised approach relies purely on predicted labels, the supervised approach uses only human intelligence to label the data, and the proposed method for semi-supervised learning is a combination of these two: It uses artificial intelligence (AI) in most cases to label the data but in uncertain cases it relies on human intelligence. After labels are obtained, the personalization process continues by using the streaming data and these labels to update the incremental learning based model, which in this case is Learn++. Learn++ is an ensemble method that can use any classifier as a base classifier, and this study compares three base classifiers: linear discriminant analysis (LDA), quadratic discriminant analysis (QDA), and classification and regression tree (CART). Moreover, three datasets are used in the experiment to show how well the presented method generalizes on different datasets. The results show that personalized models are much more accurate than user-independent models. On average, the recognition rates are: 87.0% using the user-independent model, 89.1% using the non-supervised personalization approach, 94.0% using the semi-supervised personalization approach, and 96.5% using the supervised personalization approach. This means that by relying on predicted labels with high confidence, and asking the user to label only uncertain observations (6.6% of the observations when using LDA, 7.7% when using QDA, and 18.3% using CART), almost as low error rates can be achieved as by using the supervised approach, in which labeling is fully based on human intelligence.
Sensitivity Enhancement of Pb(II) Ion Detection in Rivers Using SPR-Based Ag Metallic Layer Coated with Chitosan–Graphene Oxide Nanocomposite
Authors: Lokman Nurul Fariha , Azeman Nur Hidayah , Suja Fatihah , Arsad Norhana , Bakar Ahmad Ashrif A
Published: November 2019

The detection of Pb(II) ions in a river using the surface plasmon resonance (SPR)-based silver (Ag) thin film technique was successfully developed. Chitosan–graphene oxide (CS-GO) was coated on top of the Ag thin film surface and acted as the active sensing layer for Pb(II) ion detection. CS-GO was synthesized and characterized, and the physicochemical properties of this material were studied prior to integration with the SPR. In X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), the appearance of the C=O, C–O, and O–H functional groups at 531.2 eV and 532.5 eV, respectively, confirms the success of CS-GO nanocomposite synthesis. A higher surface roughness of 31.04 nm was observed under atomic force microscopy (AFM) analysis for Ag/CS-GO thin film. The enhancement in thin film roughness indicates that more adsorption sites are available for Pb(II) ion binding. The SPR performance shows a good sensor sensitivity for Ag/CS-GO with 1.38° ppm−1 ranging from 0.01 to 5.00 ppm of standard Pb(II) solutions. At lower concentrations, a better detection accuracy was shown by SPR using Ag/CS-GO thin film compared to Ag/CS thin film. The SPR performance using Ag/CS-GO thin film was further evaluated with real water samples collected from rivers. The results are in agreement with those of standard Pb(II) ion solution, which were obtained at incidence angles of 80.00° and 81.11° for local and foreign rivers, respectively.
Multimodal Speaker Diarization Using a Pre-Trained Audio-Visual Synchronization Model
Authors: Ahmad Rehan , Zubair Syed , Alquhayz Hani , Ditta Allah
Published: November 2019

Speaker diarization systems aim to find ‘who spoke when?’ in multi-speaker recordings. The dataset usually consists of meetings, TV/talk shows, telephone and multi-party interaction recordings. In this paper, we propose a novel multimodal speaker diarization technique, which finds the active speaker through audio-visual synchronization model for diarization. A pre-trained audio-visual synchronization model is used to find the synchronization between a visible person and the respective audio. For that purpose, short video segments comprised of face-only regions are acquired using a face detection technique and are then fed to the pre-trained model. This model is a two streamed network which matches audio frames with their respective visual input segments. On the basis of high confidence video segments inferred by the model, the respective audio frames are used to train Gaussian mixture model (GMM)-based clusters. This method helps in generating speaker specific clusters with high probability. We tested our approach on a popular subset of AMI meeting corpus consisting of 5.4 h of recordings for audio and 5.8 h of different set of multimodal recordings. A significant improvement is noticed with the proposed method in term of DER when compared to conventional and fully supervised audio based speaker diarization. The results of the proposed technique are very close to the complex state-of-the art multimodal diarization which shows significance of such simple yet effective technique.
REVOLUSI MEMBANGUN KESEJAHTERAAN UMAT MELALUI WAQAF
Authors: Zubaidi Ahmad
Published: November 2019

Wakaf merupakan salah satu instrumen yang sangat penting untuk membangun kesejahteraan umat Islam. Apalagi, kini pemahaman harta benda yang dapat diwakafkan tidak hanya harta benda yang tidak bergerak saja, melainkan juga harta-harta bergerak lainnya sejauh memiliki manfaat, seperti uang. Didukung fatwa MUI yang membolehkan wakaf uang, diharapkan umat akan lebih mudah memberikan kontribusi dalam wakaf tanpa harus menunggu kapital dalam jumlah yang sangat besar. Mereka tidak harus menunggu menjadi ‘tuan tanah’ untuk menjadi waqif. Selain itu, tingkat kedermawanan masyarakat Indonesia cukup tinggi, sehingga kita dapat optimis mengharapkan partisipasi masyarakat dalam gerakan wakaf uang. Juga dengan adanya perubahan paradigma tatakelola harta benda wakaf, dari pengelolaan harta benda wakaf secara tradisional, seperti diperuntukkan untuk pembangunan makam, masjid, madrasah, dan bangunan lain yang tidak bernilai ekonomi, ke pengelolaan secara modern; yaitu pengelolaan wakaf produktif, membuka peluang besar manfaatwakaf dapat meningkatkan kesejahteraan umat. Yang terpenting adalah adanya pengelolaan yang benar, yaitu dengan menggunakan managemen modern yang profesional. Di mulai dari nazhir profesional sampai dengan managemen yang profesional pula. Jika hal itu dilakukan, maka kemiskinan yang masih mendera sekitar 13% umat Islam di Indonesia akan dapat diatasi.
Ensino médio integrado
Authors: Silva Eliscleia Alves , Leite Raimundo Laerton de Lima , Cavalcante Rivadavia Porto , Maldaner Jair José
Published: November 2019

Este texto trata das possibilidades, importância e desafios da formação humana integral no Ensino Médio Integrado à Educação Profissional e Tecnológica (EPT). Trata-se de pesqui- sa bibliográfica que em um primeiro momento buscou refletir sobre as conquistas legais, contradições e retrocessos em torno da articulação entre formação básica e formação profissional no Brasil. Elaborou-se também uma análise dos principais dispositivos legais que ora sinalizam avanços rumo à uma formação humana integral, ora legitima a oferta de uma formação conformadora e instrumental. Foi realizado ainda uma análise das primeiras ações do atual governo brasileiro (2019-2022) em busca de desvendar as perspectivas para o projeto de ensino médio integrado no Brasil. Conclui-se que as ameaças à proposta de formação ampla feitas no passado tornam-se a repetir no presente e por essa razão a resistência deve ser constante e a essência que compõe essa perspectiva formativa deve ser constantemente reafirmada.
L 'épistémologie néothomiste en URSS
Authors: Tiébey Simon
Published: November 2019

La gnoséologie néothomiste constitue un des thèmes principaux de la critique de la philosophie bourgeoise dans la philosophie soviétique contemporaine. Selon les philosophes soviétiques, les épistémologues néothomistes falcifient et déforment l'essence de la connaissance humaine ; ils subordonnent science et philosophie à la religion. La philosophie néothomiste, d'après leur opinion, est la continuité de la philosophie scolastique de Thomas d'Aquin au XXe siècle.
Studi Penelusuran Aliran Pada Sungai Krueng Meureubo Kecamatan Meurebo Kabupaten Aceh Barat
Authors: Ikhsan Muhammad , Refiyanni Meidia , Nazimi Dewita
Published: November 2019

Flood routing can be called a procedure for estimating / predicting the time and magnitude of the flood that will occur at a point based on known data. The purpose of this research is to know the flow of river flow in Krueng Meureubo watershed and to know characteristic of hydrograph in the upstream and downstream by using Muskingum method. The data used in this research is secondary data that is daily rainfall data and topographic map. The highest intensity of rainfall occurred in the 10th return period and the lowest occurred in the second return period. Coefficient value (k) 3400 s and value x 0.462. The results of this study indicate that the peak inflow discharge at 36,543 m3 / s, while the peak discharge outflow 35.934 m3 / s. The flow hydrograph with the Muskingum method shows that the difference in the initial value of the outflow input does not have a large effect on the resulting discharge, the resulting debit value is almost equal to the end of the hydrograph. From the results of this study is expected to be a reference for related parties to take preventive action or reduce the impact of flood disaster, and build an early warning system so that people can have a preparedness system. Keywords—Flood, Flow Routing, Krueng Meureubo River, Muskingum
Fundamentos prepolíticos del Estado
Authors: Peñaloza Palacios Raúl Tomás
Published: November 2019

El presente trabajo está basado en el análisis del debate que tuvieron en el año 2004 el entonces cardenal de la Iglesia Católica Joseph Ratzinger y el renombrado filósofo alemán Jürgen Habermas. Este debate es inédito toda vez que estos exponentes de posturas filosóficas diferentes sintetizan sus pensamientos de manera extraordinaria. El principal resultado de este trabajo es el hallazgo de cómo autores representantes de pensamientos diversos, religioso y secular respectivamente, teniendo en principio diferentes perspectivas de los fundamentos de un Estado constitucional moderno, llegan a concordar que en la práctica el Estado necesita de fundamentos prepolíticos que incluso lo preceden para que se pueda dar un Estado de derecho real. Finalmente, para enlazar y reforzar los resultados previos, se analizan ciertas temáticas que forman parte de la mencionada tesis, pero a partir de una perspectiva global del Siglo XXI de ciertos pre-supuestos del Estado democrático contemporáneo.
PREDICTIVE MODEL OF CANCER MORBIDITY OF POPULATION UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF CHEMICAL CARCINOGEN ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Borshchuk E.L. , Boev V.M. , Barkhatova L.A. , Karpenko I.L. , Kudusova L.Kh.
Published: November 2019

There have been developed models of multiple regression predicting cancer morbidity under the influence of carcinogens of drinking water, atmospheric air and soil. The environment quality assessment during the period from 2001 to 2010 was carried out on the basis of the laboratory research results realized in the framework of social hygienic monitoring. The most significant pollutants were revealed: cadmium, xylol and benzene in atmospheric air, nickel in drinking water and soil, oil products in water. The complex environment quality assessment detected that concentration of xylol in the air had an impact on the oncological morbidity in all localizations under study. The cancer morbidity of the mammary gland was proved to be the most ecologically dependent.
HYGIENIC CHARACTERISTIC OF THE INTENSITY OF EDUCATIONAL PROCESS AND TYPOLOGY FOR PHYSIOLOGICAL REACTIONS OF THE BODY OF EACH OF STUDENTS WITH DIFFERENT LEVEL OF EFFICIENCY
Authors: Setko A.G. , Bulycheva E.V. , Setko N.P.
Published: November 2019

We conducted a study on the intensity of educational activities and determined the typology of the physiological reactions of the body of each of students with different levels of efficiency. The intensity of the educational process of students is given by the method of V.R. Kuchma, E.A. Tkachuk, N.V. Efimova, I.V. Mylnikova (2015) with a scoring of intellectual, sensory, emotional loads, mode and monotony of educational work. A survey of 295 students divided into three groups of 60 people was conducted at a time. There were students with a normal level of efficiency, with reduced efficiency and with significantly reduced efficiency. The functional state of the central nervous system, the autonomic nervous system was determined on the hardware-software complexes based on the methods of, respectively, variational chronoreflexometry and pulsometry. The leading factors of students’ educational activities were high intellectual, visual loads and irregular schedule of academic work, which were assigned to class 3 of 2nd degree on unsocial conditions. In conditions of intense learning activities, only every third student had a normal level of efficiency. We have established the fact of a decrease in the functional state of the central nervous system, stability of the nervous response, adaptive capacity due to the intra-system mismatch of the autonomic nervous system departments and its regulation levels in students with reduced and significantly reduced efficiency as compared with students with normal efficiency. Those can become a scientific basis for the formation of targeted preventive measures to improve the level of efficiency through the normalization of these physiological processes.
PERANAN GURU DALAM PEMBINAAN AKHLAK MULIA PESERTA DIDIK (STUDI KASUS DI MIS DARUL ULUM, MADIN SULAMUL ULUM DAN TPA AZ-ZAHRA DESA PAPUYUAN)
Authors: Jannah Miftahul
Published: November 2019

Guru agama bertingkah laku dengan baik, maka siswanya akan mencontoh prilaku tersebut. Akan tetapi sebaliknya, jika guru agama tidak memberikan contoh yang baik, maka siswanya juga akan meniru kelakuan tersebut. Bayangan tidak akan terlihat lurus apabila tongkat itu berdiri bengkok yang artinya bagaimana murid akan menjadi baik, apabila gurunya berkelakuan tidak baik. Pengaruh negatif dari sekitar akan memperburuk pemahaman siswa tentang akhlak, yang lingkungan semula sudah diajarkan dan dapat dipahami oleh siswa bisa saja rusak atau berubah akibat pergaulan buruk yang diterimanya. Walaupun orang tuanyalah yang berperan dalam pembinaan akhlak anak-anak mereka. Akan tetapi keberadaan guru dan peran guru cenderung dapat memberikan motifasi dalam menanamkan pemahaman Akhlak pada diri anak, sehingga pemahaman tersebut bukan hanya pemahaman saja, tetapi dapat juga di amalkan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah: Mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis (1)Peran guru dalam membina akhlak mulia peserta didik, (2) faktor-faktor apa saja yang menjadi pendukung dan penghambat upaya guru dalam membina akhlak mulia peserta di MIS Darul Ulum dan TPA Az-Zahra Desa Papuyuan, (3) media pembinaan siswa untuk membina akhlak mulia peserta didik di MIS Darul Ulum dan

TPA Az-Zahra Desa Papuyuan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian studi kasus (study case). Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Hasil Penelitian menunjukan (1) Peran guru Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Swasta Darul Ulum dan Taman Pendidikan Al Quran Az-Zahra sangat berperan aktif dalam pembinaan akhlak siswa baik dalam kegiatan keagamaan maupun non keagamaan. Kegiatan pembinaan akhlak yang dilakukan guru seperti mengajari bagaimana caranya hormat kepada guru, tata cara hidup berdisiplin yang baik, ramah pada lingkungan, shalat wajib dan sunnah berjamaah, tahfiz, habsyi, dan lain sebagainya. (2) faktor pendukung seperti keluarga, lingkungan masyarakat, lingkungan tempat tinggal, dan juga tata terbit sekolah.dan penghambat keterbatasan waktu, keterbatan pengawasan, perilaku siswa, pergaulan, teknologi, kesadaran diri, dan sarana prasarana yang tidak memadai dalam membina akhlak mulia peserta didik di MIS Darul Ulum dan TPA Az-Zahra Desa Papuyuan. (3) Media pembinaan siswa untuk membina akhlak mulia peserta didik di MIS Darul Ulum dan TPA Az-Zahra Desa Papuyuan ialah guru sebagai tenaga pendidik, orang tua, dan lingkungan sekolah.
REINFORCEMENT POSITIVEUNTUK MENINGKATKAN RAWAT DIRI ANAK DENGAN KETERBATASAN INTELEKTUAL
Authors: Rahmah Hardiyanti
Published: November 2019

Anak dengan keterbatasan intelektual memiliki kemampuan kognitif yang rendah sehingga berakibat pada kemampuan rawat diri yang rendah pula. Kondisi psikologis berupa keterbatasan intelektual pada DSM-V dijelaskan dengan indikasi klasifikasi IQ dibawah rata-rata, terdapat defisit dalam fungsi intelektual dan bersifat adaptif yang terjadi pada periode pertumbuhan.Salah satu cara untuk meningkatkan kemampuan terutama pada rawat diri individu dengan keterbatasan intelektual, yaitu bisa mandiri dalam mandi dan berpakaian, maka diberikan intervensi berupa terapi perilaku dengan teknik reinforcement positive. Subjek pada penelitian ini adalah anak perempuan usia 9 tahun dan memiliki intelegensi dibawah rata-rata. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi, wawancara dan penggunaan tes psikologi. Desain penelitian ini berupa studi kasus untuk menguji efektivitas terapi yang digunakan. Hasilnya menunjukkan perubahan positif dari subjek, yaitu meningkatnya meningkatnya kemampuan rawat diri.
Discurso y cambio institucional en el VIII Plan de la Nación del Presidente Carlos Andrés Pérez 1989-1993
Authors: Palacios Euclides
Published: November 2019

Entre 1958 y 1988, fueron muy pocos los intentos sistemáticos y exitosos por diversificar las petro-rentas venezolanas, lo cual afectó considerablemente la democracia a finales de los años ochenta. Dada esta situación y en sintonía con los cambios globales de la época, el Presidente Carlos Andrés Pérez (1989-1993) decidió orientar a Venezuela bajo una perspectiva neoliberal como quedó plasmado en su VIII Plan de la Nación. En este sentido, el objetivo general de esta investigación es identificar las funciones estratégicas discursivas y las elecciones lingüísticas de este plan de gobierno en lo referente al rol que los partidos políticos y la sociedad civil habrían de asumir dentro del petro-estado venezolano, de forma que las relaciones de poder generen un sistema de conciliación de intereses favorable tanto a los gobernantes como a los gobernados. De hecho, el gobierno bajo estudio adelantó, en gran medida, las reformas económicas sin éxito por no haber realizado al mismo ritmo las correspondientes reformas políticas tales como la de los partidos políticos, descentralización y la reforma constitucional. El corpus de estudio está constituido por el texto del VIII Plan de la Nación, específicamente lo concerniente al cambio institucional por medio del cual se busca reformar el Estado para hacerlo más eficaz, representativo y democrático. En este sentido, se evalúa, sobre la base de la metodología de Paul Chilton y Christina Schäffner (2000), en qué medida las funciones estratégicas de interacción dentro de la vida política y sus elecciones lingüísticas presentes en el texto facilitan el cambio institucional.
“El pueblo” en campañas electorales venezolanas: palabra e imagen en 1998 y 2006
Authors: Courleander Hidalgo Vanessa
Published: November 2019

Este artículo resume los resultados de una investigación más extensa (Courleander, 2010) que tuvo como objetivo analizar la representación discursiva en torno al pueblo en los anuncios de campaña electoral de los principales candidatos para las elecciones presidenciales llevadas a cabo en los años 1998 y 2006 en Venezuela. El corpus estuvo integrado por 195 anuncios de campaña publicados en el medio impreso El Nacional y, dada la naturaleza multimodal de los anuncios, el análisis se llevó a cabo en los niveles de la descripción lingüística y de las imágenes visuales, de acuerdo con las categorías propuestas por la Gramática Sistémica Funcional de Halliday (1994). Los resultaros indicaron que el pueblo se representa como la entidad que respalda al candidato con su voto, como la víctima de los abusos de las élites y como un actor en procesos cognitivos. Se concluye que los textos producidos en el contexto electoral continúan perpetuando la actitud pasiva del pueblo ante sus propias realidades, para responsabilizar a los líderes políticos de la dirección del país.
Dinámicas de la voz y producción de legibilidad en los Documentos Finales de Medellín (1968). Un análisis genético-discursivo
Authors: Bonnin Juan Eduardo
Published: November 2019

En este trabajo analizamos los procesos de negociación discursiva entre sectores diversos del catolicismo latinoamericano a través del examen de los borradores de los Documentos finales de Medellín de la II Conferencia General del Episcopado Latinoamericano (1968). Para ello triangulamos los procedimientos analíticos del análisis del discurso con la mirada procesual y empírica de la crítica genética. Conceptualizamos los resultados obtenidos como una doble dinámica de producción de voces sectoriales y de legibilidad institucional. En términos empíricos, rastreamos este proceso en las variaciones observadas en la constitución de un canon intertextual legítimo y en el empleo de elementos léxicos provenientes del campo de las ciencias sociales de la época.
La práctica del análisis del discurso en contextos políticos polarizados. Una reflexión crítica
Authors: Bolivar Adriana , Erlich Frances D.
Published: November 2019

En este artículo se presenta una reflexión crítica sobre una experiencia de dos expertas en análisis del discurso que, de forma separada en el año 2008, realizaron una experticia lingüística para un canal de televisión venezolano opositor al gobierno de Hugo Chávez. El estudio se concentra en el informe y en el interrogatorio al que fueron sometidas las expertas por una entidad gubernamental después de haber entregado el informe al canal. La reflexión se articula en distintos planos de análisis para explicar el evento en el contexto de la polarización política. La explicación se fundamenta en la noción de contexto como una construcción cognitiva intersubjetiva (van Dijk, 2001, 2008, 2009) y en la noción de macro-género que permite ver la “experticia” como una cadena de géneros construidos dialógicamente en la lucha discursiva (Bolívar y Erlich, 2007; Bolívar, en preparación). Los datos y materiales del estudio consisten de todos los textos producidos durante el evento de la experticia. El análisis llama la atención sobre los conflictos que se presentan al analista del discurso en contextos de polarización, y muestra cómo en una situación de intimidación institucional los analistas pueden recurrir a estrategias discursivas que les permiten defenderse y mantener el control.
Indígenas en la prensa mexicana en el contexto preelectoral de fines del foxismo
Authors: Salgado Andrade Eva
Published: November 2019

Este trabajo presenta los resultados de un análisis cuantitativo y cualitativo de un corpus conformado por 189 notas periodísticas referidas a población indígena, publicadas entre los meses de junio y julio de 2005, en quince diarios mexicanos. El objetivo inicial era detectar huellas de exclusión y de discriminación hacia los indígenas en el discurso periodístico, entendido como un discurso del poder que, como tal, desempeña un papel importante en la reproducción de estereotipos racistas. Conforme avanzó el análisis, otro elemento se hizo evidente: a la luz de un contexto marcado por la creciente efervescencia electoral (que detonaría en la campaña por la presidencia, en julio de 2006), la población indígena de México, sus demandas, sus reivindicaciones, sus necesidades, fue incorporada en la agenda pública como un elemento para crear una imagen favorable de los actores políticos involucrados en la contienda por la presidencia.
Paradigmas en disputa, presupuestos compartidos
Authors: Dvoskin Gabriel
Published: November 2019

En esta investigación analizamos las representaciones que circularon sobre la sexualidad en el debate parlamentario que tuvo lugar el día 16 de agosto de 2006, en la Argentina, en la Cámara de Diputados, a raíz del proyecto de Educación Sexual Integral. Para ello, seguimos la propuesta de análisis elaborada por la Lingüística Crítica (Hodge y Kress, 1979), según la cual cada dialecto provee a sus hablantes de modelos para clasificar e interpretar los eventos del mundo. El propósito de este estudio es averiguar de qué forma el proyecto de Educación Sexual Integral está sustentado en un discurso que cuestiona el eje de referencias impuesto por el discurso dominante (Raiter, 1999a), que califica el signo ideológico “sexualidad” con valores represivos, tanto a partir de la inmoralidad, ligada al pecado y la estigmatización de ciertas prácticas sexuales, como del miedo, a contraer enfermedades, a ser víctima de abusos o a concebir sin planificación previa. Específicamente, nos centramos en el análisis de las intervenciones de dos diputados, uno en favor de la sanción del proyecto y la otra, en contra, y, de este modo, procuramos establecer las concepciones sobre la sexualidad que subyacen a la aceptación y al rechazo de la educación sexual y en qué medida ambos paradigmas presuponen valoraciones diferentes sobre el signo ideológico “sexualidad”.
La ciudad y el campo como referentes de identidad en adolescentes mapuches de Temuco y Santiago
Authors: Pérez Arce Chery , Garrido Osses Sandra del Pilar , Llanquinao Llanquinao Gabriel , Turra Héctor , Merino Dickinson María Eugenia
Published: November 2019

Este artículo describe los espacios ciudad y campo y el rol que estos juegan en la construcción de identidad de adolescentes mapuches de las ciudades de Temuco y Santiago. El estudio es cualitativo descriptivo y los datos se abordan desde el análisis del discurso y el enfoque de identidades espaciales de Proshansky (1978). La muestra es representativa de jóvenes mapuches urbanos de las ciudades de Temuco y Santiago. Los datos se recogieron a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas. Los resultados indican que las construcciones discursivas de los espacios ‘ciudad’ y ‘campo’ se enmarcan principalmente en dos modalidades de identificación relevadas por Dixon y Durrheim (2000): pertenencia y apego. La noción campo evoca un modo particular de contexto en el cual se relevan aspectos sociales, culturales y lingüísticos. En el campo, a diferencia de la ciudad, se generan modos de apego vinculados a tipos de afectividad relacionadas con prácticas de socialización mapuche.
El ethos discursivo: valores, razones y emociones como efectos de discurso
Authors: Martínez Solís María Cristina
Published: November 2019

En este artículo nos ocuparemos, en el marco del modelo de la dinámica social enunciativa (Martínez 2013) de la construcción discursiva del sujeto en términos de dimensiones: ética, emotiva y racional. La reflexión teórica parte de las llamadas pruebas aristotélicas ethos, pathos y logos, para insistir, en su construcción como efectos de discurso. Comparamos Ethos de costumbre y Ethos discursivo y optamos por el discursivo, como propone Aristóteles. Además, cuestionamos el uso del Logos-razón como una de las pruebas discursivas, puesto que el logos no es sólo razón, el logos es el enunciado mismo, donde se construye de manera integral o preferencial la imagen del sujeto (el ETHOS) en términos de valores (ethos), emociones (pathos) y razones (ratio). La hipótesis subyacente es que el discurso y su unidad, el enunciado, tienen un papel central en el proceso de construcción de los sujetos.