bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of Machine Learning in the Optimization of Firewall Parameters Based on Attack Detection
Authors: Jeftić Dragan , Čisar Petar , Kuk Kristijan , Vladica
Published: February 2025

This paper explores the optimization of
firewall parameters for attack detection using
machine learning techniques, focusing on
improving network security in dynamic
environments. Traditional firewall systems often
face limitations in detecting malicious traffic due to
static rule sets and high false positive rates,
particularly in real-world scenarios with evolving
attack patterns. To overcome these challenges, this
study applies neural networks with the rectified
linear unit activation function (ReLU), which
enables precise attack detection and real-time
firewall policy adjustments. The proposed 5-5-4
neural network model, tested using real-world
datasets, achieved an accuracy of 96.3%,
outperforming alternative configurations. The
analysis evaluated three scenarios: normal
conditions, active attacks, and post-policy
adjustment, confirming the effectiveness in
enhancing detection and mitigation capabilities.
The results highlight the potential of machine
learning, particularly neural networks, as a robust
tool to improve network security. This approach
enables future integration of IoT and real-time threat
monitoring.
The Use of Audio-Visual Media to Improve Learning Outcomes of Fourth-Grade Students in Pancasila Education
Authors: Juwita Selvy Ayu , Apriani Ria , Hotnida Denny
Published: February 2025

This study aims to improve the learning outcomes of fourth-grade students in Pancasila Education through the use of Audio-Visual media at SD Negeri 37 Bengkulu. This research is a Classroom Action Research (CAR), conducted in four stages: planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. The research subjects were 28 fourth-grade students. Three data collection techniques were employed: observation, documentation, and tests. The results showed an improvement in student learning outcomes and positive student responses. Student learning outcomes increased significantly. In the pre-cycle stage, the student mastery percentage was 42.86%, with 12 students achieving mastery. In the first cycle, the percentage of student mastery increased to 71.43%, with 20 students achieving mastery, and in the second cycle, the percentage of student mastery nearly reached perfection, at 92.86%, with 26 out of 28 students achieving mastery. This indicates that the application of audio-visual media can enhance student learning outcomes in Pancasila education.
Vietnam's Coffee Supply Activities to the EU Market
Authors:   Thang Long University, Van Nga Nguyen Thi
Published: February 2025

The article examines Vietnam's ability to supply coffee to the EU market based on data from 2019 to 2023 in the context of digital transformation being applied in many components in the supply chain. The relevant data are obtained from the Trade map, International Trade Center and the General Statistics Office of Vietnam. The article analyzes Vietnam's coffee supply capacity to the EU market, through a survey to examine the factors affecting coffee exports to this region. Research shows that Vietnam's market share in the EU market is gradually decreasing, while the market share of Brazil, Germany and Italy is trending up. Some solutions have been proposed, such as Vietnamese coffee producers needing to focus their resources on production, deep processing, and building a Vietnamese coffee brand to promote regaining their position and increase market share in Vietnam. EU market.
Competencias lingüísticas y comunicación inclusiva a través de la mediación en inglés para fines específicos
Authors: Bausells Espín Adriana , Giner Alonso Diana
Published: February 2025

Este artículo presenta los resultados de una intervención pedagógica realizada en la asignatura de Inglés Científico para el Grado en Enfermería en la Universidad San Jorge (Zaragoza, España). La intervención integra actividades de mediación lingüística, un enfoque promovido por el Marco Común Europeo de Referencia para las Lenguas, para mejorar las habilidades comunicativas inclusivas en el alumnado. Esta intervención se abordó a través de ejercicios prácticos diseñados para fomentar la accesibilidad en contextos sanitarios. Los estudiantes participaron en interacciones simuladas con pacientes que presentaban diferentes necesidades comunicativas, adaptando su discurso y estrategias comunicativas en función de los perfiles. Los resultados del estudio demuestran una mejora significativa en la conciencia y habilidades comunicativas del alumnado, además de resaltar la viabilidad y efectividad de incorporar la mediación lingüística en la enseñanza de lenguas para fines específicos. Esta intervención subraya la importancia de la mediación para promover una comunicación equitativa en ámbitos sanitarios.
Effect of the Education Management Organizations Program on Student Enrolment and Teacher Availability in Public Schools of Sindh
Authors: Muhammad Roshan  , Dr. Rukshanda Jabeen
Published: February 2025

The present research study aimed to evaluate the effect of the Education Management Organizations (EMOs) Program on students’ Enrolment and teachers’ availability in the public schools of Khairpur and Sukkur districts of Sindh province, managed by the EMOs under the Public Private Partnership (PPP) modality. The study used quantitative research method and used quasi-experimental design to find out the effect of the EMOs Program on students’ Enrolment and teachers’ availability in the schools. The researchers employed a purposive sampling technique to select nine schools in the districts of Khairpur and Sukkur that had completed five years under the EMOs Program. Students’ Enrolment and teachers’ availability data of pre and post EMOs Program were analyzed using the paired sample t-test. The results indicate that the mean of students’ Enrolment in the schools before the EMOs Program was 615.33 whereas five years after the program the average Enrolment rose to 976.33 causing 59% increase in students’ Enrolment in the schools. The findings also show that the average number of teachers in the schools before the EMOs Program was 20.55 which increased to 31.22 teachers causing 52% increase in the availability of teachers in the schools. Based on the study's findings, it can be concluded that EMOs Program has statistically significant effect on students’ Enrolment and availability of teachers in the public schools of Khairpur and Sukkur districts of Sindh managed under the EMOs Program of Public Private Partnership (PPP). Since the study was quantitative in nature and conducted on a small sample size, the findings of the study may not be generalized to another context.
Gratitude, Life Satisfaction, and Well-Being: Unpacking the Power of Positive Emotions and Optimism in Young Adults
Authors: Ayesha Rashid  , Palwasha Nasir Abbasi
Published: February 2025

The current study investigates the connection between gratitude and life satisfaction, focusing on the role of positive emotions as a mediator and optimism as a moderator. Based on established theories, including Fredrickson's broaden-and-build theory, the results suggest that gratitude is strongly associated with life satisfaction, largely by fostering positive emotions such as joy, contentment, and hope. Satisfaction with life scale, Positive and Negative Affect schedule, Life Orientation Test revised and gratitude questionnaire was utlilized in the present study. Additionally, the study reveals that optimism enhances the impact of gratitude, further boosting life satisfaction. These findings contribute to the expanding field of positive psychology, highlighting how gratitude, positive emotions, and optimism interact to improve well-being. While the study has some limitations, such as the use of self-reported data and a cross-sectional design, it offers valuable insights and sets the stage for future research. Future studies could delve deeper into these relationships across diverse cultural settings and explore ways to cultivate gratitude and optimism through interventions to enhance life satisfaction.
Pragmatics and Sentiment Analysis: Using AI to Document Cultural Variations in Pakistani Languages
Authors: Sumaira Saleem  , Dr. Zafar Iqbal Bhatti  , Noor ul Ain
Published: February 2025

This research article explores the intersection of pragmatics and sentiment analysis, focusing on the application of artificial intelligence (AI) to document cultural variations in Pakistani languages. With over 70 languages spoken across Pakistan, each embodying unique cultural nuances, understanding sentiment requires more than traditional linguistic analysis. This paper examines how AI-driven models can be tailored to capture the pragmatic subtleties of Pakistani languages, thus providing insights into cultural diversity and communication patterns.
Exploring the Challenges in Aligning Biometric Attendance with Cluster-Based CPD Activities: Perspective of Teachers, and Administration in Sindh
Authors: Nadia Qasim  , Dr. Najmonnisa Khan
Published: February 2025

This qualitative study explores the challenges faced by the teachers in Sindh regarding aligning the biometric attendance system with cluster-based Continuing Professional Development (CPD) activities. Despite the widespread adoption of a biometric attendance system to track teachers' attendance in schools, the alignment of this system with cluster-based CPD activities has become a significant challenge, particularly when teachers are marked absent. At the same time, they attend the CPD cycles in cluster hub schools. The previous research provided insight into the effectiveness of the cluster-based CPD model and biometric monitoring system in regulating teachers' attendance. However, there is a need to identify the issues teachers face in compliance with biometric attendance and their regular and active participation in CPD activities, as currently, both are not aligned. According to Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory, misalignment of the current biometric system with the CPD activities acts as a hygiene factor, marking them absent despite participation and creating dissatisfaction among teachers. This hampers teachers' engagement in CPD sessions and affects their professional development and classroom practices. This research aimed to understand teachers' experiences, perceptions, and challenges regarding attendance compliance during the CPD cycle. The data was collected through semi-structured interviews with 10 participants, including mentee teachers, guide teachers and subject coordinators. The data was analyzed thematically using NVivo software to identify patterns and insights.  The findings indicated that the current biometric system demotivates teachers from attending CPD sessions due to fear of being marked absent and logistical challenges such as distant venues, frustration, tiredness, and disinterest, hindering learning outcomes and their smooth transfer to classroom practices. The research suggested that integrating manual attendance into biometric systems, modifying current biometric software, providing administrative support and modifications at CPD, and using a biometric attendance monitoring system at the policy level can ensure active and regular participation of teachers in the CPD activities. Future studies could investigate integrated biometric-CPD systems, policy reforms, and the impact of administrative support on teacher participation in CPD classroom practices and students' outcomes.
Urdu Translation and Validation of Acceptance of Change Scale in Pakistan
Authors: Rida Aslam  , Dr. Aafia Rasool  , Dr. Muhammad Luqman Khan
Published: February 2025

The present study conduct on Urdu Translation and Validation of Acceptance of Change Scale in Pakistan. The study conducts to translate the Original version of Acceptance of Change Scale.  Acceptance of Change scale measures the tendency of a person to acceptance and move towards change. The Acceptance of Change Scale has five dimensions such as change seeking, cognitive flexibility, predisposition to change, positive reaction to change and support for change. The study conduct with convenient sampling. The Sample was university teachers. The results are significant and reliability of translated version of ACS was high. The result of present study also indicate that Urdu version of ACS has good psychometric properties that promote the development of client’s strength and growth of a sense of Self, and help them to choose their ways without losing any opportunities in their lives and their works.
Renewable Energy and Fiscal Resilience: Unlocking the Path to Sustainable Economic Stability
Authors: Qadeer khan  , Dr. Rehana Naheed  , Aiman Farooq  , Dr. Maria Sultana  , Muhammad Qasim Javaid
Published: February 2025

This study investigates the impact of renewable energy consumption and renewable electricity output on total debt stock in 30 countries from 1990 to 2022, providing valuable insights into how sustainable energy transitions influence economic stability. Using advanced panel data techniques, including the Generalized method of moments (GMM), the research explores both short-and long-term relationships between Renewable energy consumption, renewable electricity output, and total debt stock. The findings indicate a significant positive relationship between Renewable energy consumption, renewable electricity output, and total debt stock, suggesting that while renewable energy investments initially raise debt levels, they enhance fiscal resilience and economic stability in the long run by reducing reliance on fossil fuels and promoting sustainable development. Policymakers are encouraged to implement incentives, strengthen regulatory frameworks, and foster international cooperation to accelerate renewable energy adoption. Financial institutions should design innovative green financing mechanisms, while researchers are urged to explore the socioeconomic and geopolitical dynamics of renewable energy transitions. This study offers novel contributions to renewable energy economics, bridging the gap between energy transitions and fiscal sustainability, and provides actionable recommendations for aligning energy policies with economic and environmental objectives.
Resilience of the Polish labour market in regions bordering Ukraine in the context of the inflow of war refugees from Ukraine
Authors: Łaźniewska Ewa , Górecki Tomasz , Kurowska-Pysz Joanna , Prytula Khrystyna , Plac Klaudia
Published: February 2025

The escalation of the war following the Russian invasion of Ukraine on 24th February 2022 significantly intensified the outflow of the people from that country, especially across the Polish-Ukrainian border. This in many ways affected the regions bordering Ukraine, including their labour markets. The aim of the research presented in the article is to assess the resilience of the Polish labour market in regions bordering Ukraine to the effects of the war in Ukraine. It is assumed that the situation on the labour market would be illustrated by the unemployment rate and the impact of the war expressed by the influx of refugees. The research concerns NUTS 2 regions bordering Ukraine, i.e. Lubelskie and Podkarpackie voivodships. The authors hypothesise that the inflow of war refugees from Ukraine increased unemployment in the border regions. The study is based on data covering the period from 2014, namely the beginning of the Russian-Ukrainian armed conflict, to the end of 2022. The data were provided by the Local Data Bank of Statistics Poland. The counterfactual before-after comparison method was used. To assess the differences between the observed and the hypothetical unemployment rates, the Average Treatment Effect (ATE) index was used. The total average impact of the war on unemployment was defined as the difference between the mean values of the output variables (unemployment rate) in wartime and in a counterfactual situation.
The research results show that the Polish regions bordering Ukraine were affected by the war in the form of increased unemployment rates compared to other regions in Poland where the situation on the labour market was more stable. However, it should be noted that the difference was only minor; furthermore, the model did not take into account other factors that also had an influence on the studied situation.
Pengaruh Kepercayaan, Brand Image dan Cashback Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Konsumen Melalui Minat Beli Adidas pada Market Place Shopee
Authors: Alfatika Fienska Chufina
Published: February 2025

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji dan menganalisis pengaruh kepercayaan, brand image, dan cashback terhadap minat beli konsumen Adidas di marketplace Shopee, serta pengaruhnya terhadap keputusan pembelian. Populasi penelitian mencakup seluruh konsumen Adidas di Shopee di Kota Semarang, dengan sampel 105 responden yang diperoleh melalui purposive sampling. Analisis data menggunakan SEM PLS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kepercayaan memiliki pengaruh positif tetapi tidak signifikan terhadap minat beli. Sebaliknya, brand image dan cashback berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap minat beli konsumen. Untuk keputusan pembelian, kepercayaan juga menunjukkan pengaruh positif yang tidak signifikan, sementara brand image dan cashback berpengaruh positif dan signifikan. Namun, minat beli tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian dan tidak dapat memediasi pengaruh kepercayaan, brand image, atau cashback terhadap keputusan pembelian. Penelitian ini menekankan pentingnya brand image dan cashback dalam meningkatkan minat beli dan keputusan pembelian konsumen Adidas di Shopee, sementara peran kepercayaan tampak kurang signifikan.
Model of Improving Employee Performance Through Self Efficacy and Work Motivation with Organisational Citizenship Behaviour (OCB) as an Intervening Variable at the Demak Regency Transportation Office
Authors: Putri Ayu Hestiningtyas Agustya
Published: February 2025

Employee performance plays a crucial role in the success of an organization, including the Demak Regency Transportation Agency. This study aims to examine the direct effects of self-efficacy and work motivation on performance, as well as their influence through OCB as an intervening variable. Using an explanatory research design with a quantitative approach, the study surveyed 85 employees from the Demak Regency Transportation Office using a census method. Data were collected via a Likert-scale questionnaire and analyzed with Partial Least Squares (PLS) through SmartPLS 3. The results revealed that both self-efficacy and work motivation have a positive and significant impact on employee performance. Furthermore, OCB was found to mediate the relationship between self-efficacy, work motivation, and performance. These findings confirm that increasing self-efficacy, work motivation, and OCB can encourage more optimal performance. In conclusion, effective management of self-efficacy, work motivation, and OCB variables can be an important strategy in improving the performance of Demak Regency Transportation Agency employees. This research provides a practical contribution to human resource management in the government sector.
Big Five Personalities and Auditors' Ability to Detect Fraud: The Application of Digital Forensics as A Moderation Variable
Authors: Oktafiana Dina Dwi , Chariri Anis
Published: February 2025

This study aims to obtain empirical evidence regarding the big five personality traits of each auditor and their ability to detect fraud, assisted by digital forensics. The study involves several auditors from the Central BPK RI. The Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) is used as the main theoretical foundation of this research because TPB is a behavioral theory that arises from the intention to behave and reflects the individual's traits and the abilities of a profession (auditor) to make decisions based on their work results, which is a form of behavioral attitude. Additionally, digital forensics is applied in this study as a moderating variable, expected to enhance the auditors' ability to detect fraud and weaken the relationship between certain Big Five personality traits of the auditors. This quantitative research uses the Structural Equation Modelling Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS) analysis method. The independent variables in this study are openess to experience, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism. The dependent variable is the auditors' ability to detect fraud, and the moderating variable is the application of digital forensics. The survey method was conducted by distributing Google Form questionnaires, and 172 respondents were obtained. Data processing was done using SmartPLS 3.2.9 software. The analysis results show that openness to experience, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism influence auditors' ability to detect fraud, and the application of digital forensics has an impact on strengthening auditors' personalities with high scores on the dimensions of openess to experience, extraversion, conscientiousness and neuroticism.
Contribution of Social Media in Presenting Academic History Content (Case Study on Instagram @historiadotid)
Authors: Haq Masyithoh Nurul , Ibrahim Nurzengky , Kurniawati Kurniawati
Published: February 2025

This research aims to investigate the contribution of social media, particularly Instagram @historiadotid, in presenting academic history content. Through a case study approach, we analyze how social media is used to introduce and communicate critical and credible historical information to audiences in an engaging and informative manner. Observation and content analysis methods are used to understand the various strategies used by the @historiadotid account in presenting reliable historical content and attracting public attention, especially millennials who are active on social media. The results of this study are expected to provide new insights into the potential of social media as an effective means of history education and help expand the use of social media, especially Instagram, to access historical knowledge for today's generation.
The historical development of surgical techniques with connective tissue graft in root coverage of gingival recessions: a narrative review.
Authors: Araujo Fonseca Micaele , Castro de Lima Gustavo , Augusto Rodrigues José
Published: February 2025

Aims: To address the historical development of surgical techniques for root coverage using connective tissue grafts. Materials and Methods: A descriptive narrative literature review was conducted to obtain a synthesis of classic and relevant surgical techniques for the scientific community in the fields of regenerative and aesthetic periodontics, focusing on root coverage. The review included the following types of publications: scientific articles published in peer-reviewed journals, literature reviews, systematic reviews and meta-analyses, controlled and randomized clinical studies. Results: The analysis of the evolution of surgical techniques in periodontics not only opens doors for innovations but also encourages prospective research and advances in the field, improving patients' quality of life. The combination of microsurgical principles and refined anatomical knowledge has propelled periodontal plastic surgeries, resulting in less invasive approaches and predictable outcomes regarding the level of root coverage. Conclusion: Although connective tissue grafting is a standard for root coverage, the pursuit of excellence requires incorporating techniques that minimize postoperative morbidity. This demonstrates the ongoing commitment to improving care and outcomes in the field.
Evaluation of facial aesthetics using anthropometric dimensions
Authors: Kumolu Abiodun Florence , Kolawole KIkelomo Adebanke , Ajao Ifeoluwa Elijah
Published: February 2025

Aims: To determine the anthropometric facial dimensions of a group of young Nigerian females, and investigate the relationship of derived proportions with ideal facial proportions, new golden ratio values and perceived facial aesthetics.
Materials and methods: Standardized frontal facial photographs were obtained from a sample of female Nigerian undergraduates from which anthropometric facial measurements and proportions were derived. Another sample of undergraduates evaluated the facial photographs on a Visual Analogue Scale for aesthetics. Data was analyzed with Independent sample t- test and One-way ANOVA on SPSS version 26. Statistical significance was set at p< 0.05.
Results: The mean horizontal middle third facial dimension (61.04 mm, SD =11.79) was significantly lower than upper (73.10 mm, SD =10.82) and lower third dimensions (75.49 mm, SD = 6.17) (p < 0.001). The most lateral vertical fifths, postaurale- exocanthus (r) [27.23 mm (SD = 4.45)] and exocanthus – postaurale (l) [29.87 mm (SD = 4.29)] were significantly lower than other vertical fifth dimensions (p < 0.001). Derived facial proportions did not conform with the ideal proportion of 1:1.618, upper lip to total lip ratio was 1: 3.1 and derived new golden ratios were 0.35 (vertical) and 0.24 (horizontal). Nose to chin and nose to forehead (Me-ln: ln-tr) dimensions of photographs judged as aesthetic and unaesthetic were significantly different (p = 0.033).
Conclusion: Horizontal third and vertical fifth facial dimensions of studied Nigerians were unequal, derived facial proportions did not conform to ideal facial proportions and new golden ratio values. Deviations from ideal proportions can exist with perceived pleasing facial aesthetics.
Optimization of tokenization and memory management for processing large textual corpora in multilingual applications
Authors: Dodić Dejan , Regodić Dušan , Milutinović Nikola
Published: February 2025

Optimization of tokenization and memory management in processing large datasets represents a key challenge in the contemporary development of language models. This paper focuses on enhancing the processing of large textual corpora in Serbian using the GPT-2 model, specifically adapted for transfer learning. Tokenization optimization was achieved by adding language-specific tokens for Serbian, while memory management was improved through advanced resource management methods during training. Key findings demonstrate significant memory consumption reduction and training process acceleration, enabling more efficient utilization of available computational resources. This research contributes to the development of language models tailored for the Serbian language and provides a foundation for further studies in the field of natural languag e processing (NLP). The implications of this work are multifaceted: it facilitates more efficient creation of NLP applications for Serbian-speaking regions, enhances the accuracy and performance of language models, and opens opportunities for applications across various domains, from automated translation to sentiment analysis. This study paves the way for future research focusing on additional optimization of language models, including adaptation for other languages with similar characteristics, as well as exploring new methods for even more efficient memory management during large-scale textual data processing.
Temporal changes in the flexural properties of 3D-printed ABS specimens
Authors: Danilov Ivan , Golubović Zorana , Milovanović Aleksa , Anđelković Boban , Živković Milovan , Bojović Božica
Published: February 2025

This study investigates the environmental aging effects on 3D-printed Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) produced using Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) and Digital Light Processing (DLP) techniques. The materials in filament (FDM) and resin (DLP) forms were exposed to UV light, humidity, and temperature fluctuations over two months. Mechanical testing via three-point bending and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) were employed to assess the impact of these environmental factors. Results showed notable mechanical strength and structural stability differences between the FDM-printed filament and DLP-printed resin ABS under aging conditions. The filament-based ABS exhibited superior mechanical properties, retaining its strength over time, while the resin-based ABS degraded significantly shortly after printing. Despite exposure to ambient environmental conditions, the chemical composition of both materials remained stable throughout the research period.
Types and methods of increase surplus value
Authors: Praća Nebojša , Krstić Snežana , Božić Nada
Published: February 2025

Basically, economic policy knows the theory of money fertilization, how capital is created, how surplus value is created. Also, it should be underlined again the fact that it is not possible to convert some amount of money into capital, namely, it is not possible to create surplus value if that amount is not invested in the production process in which hired labor functions as a specific commodity, as a creator of value, therefore as the only creator of surplus value. In this paper, we will show how and by what methods the production of surplus value can be increased. Precisely, according to the applied methods for increasing the mass of surplus value, we can say that there are three types of surplus value: absolute surplus value, relative surplus value and extra surplus value.
Research on the economic development level differences among economies under the RCEP framework
Authors: Ru Jiayu , Li Jiahui
Published: February 2025

Cross-border economic cooperation plays a vital role in helping China overcome challenges posed by national borders and address regional economic imbalances. Given the significant heterogeneity of borders and the localized spatial constraints of border effects, this study examines the spatial patterns of economic changes among economies in the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP). Using the Theil index, the study compares economic development disparities across RCEP member countries, while applying α-convergence and β-spatial convergence models to empirically explore economic development trends. The results reveal that the coefficient of variation in per capita GDP initially decreases and then increases, reaching its lowest point in 2019. This indicates a narrowing gap in per capita GDP, reflecting α-convergence and a more balanced distribution of economic development. Furthermore, absolute β-convergence is observed across 14 RCEP economies (excluding Myanmar), although spatial spillover effects are only significant at the aggregate level, with no spillover detected within subgroups. In conditional β-convergence, significant spatial effects are found in the overall and economically developed groups, while the economically underdeveloped group does not show such effects and is better explained by an ordinary panel model. Additionally, the study identifies that factors such as population growth rate, government public expenditure, fixed asset investment rate, and openness to trade have significant negative impacts on per capita GDP under the RCEP framework. These findings provide valuable insights into the dynamics of regional economic convergence within the RCEP and underscore both opportunities and challenges in achieving more balanced economic development.
The Renovation of the Former Zamość Academy Building in Zamość in the Context of Renovation and Research Challenges
Authors: janus krzysztof , Krupa Karol
Published: February 2025

The article presents the challenges faced during the renovation works completed in 2024 on the building of the former Zamość Academy in Zamość. It focuses not only on the work conducted on this specific historic monument but also on the unexpected findings and discoveries made during the construction and renovation process. Among these discoveries were 18th-century illusionistic wall paintings in the chapel and the Jan Kanty Hall, floors from various periods, the foundations of older buildings on which the walls of the current academy were erected, as well as 18th-century recessed latrines preserved with wooden seating elements and risers. The article also discusses how, in the 19th century, attempts were made to deal with the effects of high wall moisture and the heating system used in the earliest periods of the building's history. Additionally, it explores the circumstances of the discoveries, their impact on the construction process, their significance for the history of the building, the city, and the region, and how the renovation work, which exceeded the scope of the original construction project, influenced the overall renovation process.
Inflation and the Demand for Healthcare in Nigeria: the implication of the coping strategies among fixed-income earners in Niger State
Authors:   Senior Lecturer, IBB University, Lapai, Niger State, Nigeria, Bala Muktar
Published: February 2025

Nigeria has witnessed a growing trend of inflation in recent times. The inflation was aggravated by the removal of fuel subsidy during the second quarter of 2023. Prices of goods and services including food and healthcare skyrocketed. Niger state, being one of the states in the country with high number of fixed-income earners, notably civil servants, might be worst hit by the trend. However, despite having poor health insurance schemes, there is little knowledge about the derivers of demand for healthcare among fixed-income earners in the state and how the coping strategies adopted by the fixe-income earners during inflation might affect the health of their children. This study uses a sample of 1140 fixed income earners across the state and applied descriptive statistics, logistic regression and ordered logit models to analyze the data. The study categorized the inflationary period into three webs. The descriptive result shows that during the first web, most of the fixed-income earners borrowed, solicited for assistance from friends and relatives, or sold their assets to meet up with their health needs. During the second web, most of the respondents reported neglecting health for food, by skipping medications, patronizing quack medical centers or resorting to traditional medical options. In the third web, the result indicated that health behaviors in the previous web persist and in addition, a proximate determinant of health, such as food was undermined. The result of the logistic regression shows that demand for healthcare among the study group is influenced by medical cost, income, low cost of alternative medication, insurance cover, episode of sickness and inflationary web. The result of the ordered logit regression revealed that opting for alternative medication and reducing food quality reduce the quality of health of the children under study, but older children and those without history of poor physical health are absolved. The study suggests that government should provide emergency support to the affected families, strengthen the insurance industry and review the salaries of civil servants to enable them cope with the new economic realities.
Green innovation and entrepreneurship in southwest Nigeria: driving sustainable development in a technological era
Authors:   Department of Office Technology and Management, School of Management Sciences, Federal Polytechnic Ayede, Oyo State, Nigeria, Aliu Zainul Abideen , Kowiat Titilayo Adeoye ,   Department of Office Technology and Management, School of Management Sciences, Federal Polytechnic Ayede, Oyo State, Nigeria, Tijani Saheed Abiodun ,   Department of Office Technology and Management, School of Communication and Information Science, Federal Polytechnic Ede, Osun State, Nigeria, Oyinloye Shakirat Abolaji ,   Department of Office Technology and Management, School of Communication and Information Science, Federal Polytechnic Ede, Osun State, Nigeria, Olubato Felicia Yemisi ,   Registry Department, Federal Polytechnic Ayede, Oyo State, Nigeria, Lawal Imran Babatunde ,   Department of Office Technology and Management, School of Management Sciences, Federal Polytechnic Ayede, Oyo State, Nigeria
Published: February 2025

Green innovation and entrepreneurship represent vital components for achieving sustainable growth within contemporary society, particularly in regions grappling with environmental challenges, such as Southwest Nigeria. This article examines the ways in which green innovation and entrepreneurship foster sustainable development in Southwest Nigeria—an area currently facing rising urbanization, industrial expansion and environmental degradation. The research investigates the current landscape of green innovation and entrepreneurship in Southwest Nigeria by analyzing existing literature and empirical data. It underscores significant factors such as economic incentives, environmental awareness and technological advancement. However, the study also identifies barriers, such as limited access to financing, legal constraints and infrastructural issues, which hinder the growth of eco-friendly enterprises in the region. Although these challenges exist, the research illustrates how green innovation and entrepreneurship have the potential to address environmental issues, stimulate economic growth and enhance social inclusion through successful case studies. This comprehensive approach reveals the multifaceted impact of green initiatives on the local community. The study suggests various methods to promote green innovation and entrepreneurship in Southwest Nigeria as it highlights the importance of governmental support, skill enhancement and collaboration among stakeholders.
Impact of earnings management on market values of listed quoted companies in Nigeria
Authors:   Department of Business Administration, Faculty of management sciences, Kaduna State University,, Aliyu Aminu Abbas
Published: February 2025

This research investigates how manipulating earnings management affects the market value of quoted Nigerian Companies. The study analyzed 51 companies from various sectors, assessing earnings quality through four measures: the quality of accruals, the consistency of earnings, the predictability of earnings, and the smoothness of earnings. The analysis used a fixed-effect regression model with panel data from corporate financial reports. The findings indicate that better accrual quality is associated with lower market value. Conversely, consistent earnings positively impact valuation, signaling stable performance. Predictable earnings significantly increase market value, appealing to investors. Interestingly, smoother earnings seem to negatively affect valuation, suggesting that markets may view smoothing with suspicion. This research provides valuable insights for Nigerian capital market stakeholders, including regulators, investors, and corporate executives, especially in understanding the complexities of earnings manipulation in emerging economies.
Health insurance systems in Uganda: An analysis of public and private coverage
Authors:   Bachelor’s Degree Candidate, Department of Economics and Applied Statistics, College of Economics and Management, Kampala International University (Main Campus), Uganda, Nyonjo Jason , Nakibuule Sauda ,   Department of Economics and Applied Statistics, College of Economics and Management, Kampala International University (Main Campus), Uganda
Published: February 2025

This paper examines the development and current state of health insurance in Uganda, analyzing public and private systems, community-based insurance, and Health Maintenance Organizations (HMOs). The analysis includes theoretical perspectives on risk management, utility, and welfare economics, highlighting how these principles underpin health insurance frameworks. Findings indicate that while health insurance holds significant potential for improving healthcare accessibility, numerous hurdles remain, including political, infrastructural, and financial limitations
Social Media as a New Arena of Power in Indonesia: A Political Economy Perspective in the Digital Platform Era
Authors: Kartutu Stenus Jacub , Rusadi Udi
Published: February 2025

This research explores the impact of social media on Indonesian society, highlighting the challenges of global technology company dominance, algorithmic bias, and increasingly complex digital inequality. Social media has developed into a new arena of power that affects various aspects of people's lives, including the formation of public opinion, the distribution of information, and the strengthening of power structures. In the context of political economy, fundamental questions arise about how algorithms designed by digital platforms systematically reinforce social and economic inequalities, especially for marginalized groups who have limited access to technology. This study aims to analyze the dynamics of power in the era of digital platforms, by emphasizing the importance of digital literacy as a strategic step. Digital literacy is seen as able to increase user awareness of use ethics, information accuracy, and more responsible content management. Using a critical paradigm, this research utilizes the theory of media political economy and the concept of digital public space to explore the relationship between social media, economics, and politics. The methodology applied includes a qualitative approach through literature study and content analysis. This study analyzes how data-driven algorithms and business models affect public discourse, as well as their impact on the quality of democracy. The findings show that digital literacy can reduce hoaxes, disinformation, and algorithmic manipulation, while increasing public participation in more constructive discussions. In conclusion, inclusive, participatory, and transparent policies are needed to create a fair social media ecosystem. Social media has the potential to become a public space that strengthens democracy and community engagement equally if it is supported by regulations that prevent the exploitation of technology by dominant actors.
Memory-driven Foreign Policy
Authors: Schulze Wessel Martin
Published: February 2025

The German debate on whether and to what extent Germany should support Ukraine in its war against Russia with arms supplies is closely linked to Germany’s collective memory. For a long time, Germany's guilt for the crimes of occupation during the Second World War was largely associated with Russia – and not with Ukraine and Belarus. It is only since the Russian invasion in 2022 that the highest levels of the German government have begun to recognize the special responsibility Germany has towards Ukraine, a responsibility that also stems from the memory of the Second World War. Along with this change, it can be observed that the imperative of ‘never again’, closely tied to the German memory of the Second World War and especially of the Holocaust, is gradually being formulated in more abstract terms in historical-political debates, despite some resistance.
Legal “heartfelt thinking”
Authors: García Ruales Jenny , Eslava Luis , Morales Naranjo Viviana
Published: February 2025

Courts in Ecuador and in many other jurisdictions across the Global South, and increasingly in the Global North, have addressed this recognition of rights to nature in a pluralistic manner. Yet, it is exactly that cacophony of voices and actors that challenges traditional legal thinking. This requires leaving the beaten track and experimenting with new (legal) processes and methods. They can open up a space for experiments that can stimulate legal thinking and contribute to the further development of rights of nature, as illustrated in the following artistic-legal minga in Quito, organized in the framework of the Amazon of Rights project.
Elon Musk, the Systemic Risk
Authors: Uhlenbusch Julian
Published: February 2025

Elon Musk seems to many in Europe to symbolize the dawn of a digital dystopia. I argue, however, that this view may be incorrect in several respects. With the Digital Services Act (DSA) and its new “systemic tools,” the EU has an opportunity to address the technological roots of Musk’s powerful position in the digital sphere. In this context, Musk (potentially) using his platform (or AI) to intentionally influence the access, distribution, and presentation of information is “merely” a manifestation of risks that are already inherent in the systemic position of certain digital services.
Especies cultivadas del Género Erythroxylum P. Browne. Revisión del tema desde la perspectiva forense
Authors: Galindo Bonilla A. , Fernández Alonso J. L.
Published: February 2025

El análisis taxonómico del material vegetal ha cobrado gran importancia en el apoyo a la administración de justicia a nivel mundial y también tiene una aplicación promisoria en Colombia. En este país, la principal demanda por servicios forenses hasta el año 2008 se relacionó con el estudio de las plantas procedentes de cultivos ilícitos, cuyo primer renglón desde el año 2006 son las especies cultivadas del género Erythroxylum P. Browne, comúnmente denominadas plantas de coca. En el país y en el mundo se presenta una revisión temática sobre el estado de estas especies.
Aspectos éticos de la investigación científica sobre material biológico humano
Authors: Suárez Obando Fernando
Published: February 2025

El uso de Material Biológico Humano en investigación científica tiene un gran potencial de desarrollo, debido al amplio grupo de repositorios existentes en el país, como por ejemplo las colecciones de los departamentos de patología de los hospitales, las clínicas de fertilidad y las instituciones que llevan cabo investigación en genética. El presente artículo destaca la importancia de los trabajos científicos con Material Biológico Humano y explora los principales dilemas éticos que este tipo de búsqueda genera; de igual forma, describe la normatividad vigente y las recomendaciones nacionales e internacionales relacionadas con el tema, concluyendo con una propuesta de trabajo que defina los principales lineamientos éticos que enmarquen la práctica de la investigación en este campo.
Gydytojų mobilumas bei jų integracijos darbo rinkoje tendencijų raida ekonomikos pakilimo / nuosmukio sąlygomis
Authors: Pocius Arūnas
Published: February 2025

Straipsniu siekiama įvertinti gydytojų integracijos darbo rinkoje būklę bei tendencijų raidą; pastarosios yra vertinamos ekonomikos pakilimo / nuosmukio sąlygų kontekste.  Vienas svarbesnių šios publikacijos prioritetų – gydytojų darbinis mobilumas (migracijos tendencijos) darbo rinkoje vykstančių pokyčių fone. Nemažai dėmesio šioje publikacijoje skiriama tyrimo autorių atliktos gydytojų kokybinės apklausos duomenųanalizei, kurią atliekant buvo panaudoti Lietuvos statistikos departamento kaupiami darbo jėgos (užimtumo) tyrimų ir darbo statistikos duomenys. Straipsnyje aptariamos šalies ūkio apsirūpinimo žmogiškaisiais ištekliais Lietuvos sveikatos priežiūros sektoriuje problemos, įvertinamos medikų karjeros galimybės. Atsižvelgiant į esamą padėtį ir stebimų pokyčių analizę, buvo suformuluotos aktualias mūsų šalies gydytojų integracijosį darbo rinką problemas atspindinčios išvados.
Gydytojų karjerą Lietuvoje stabilizuojantys veiksniai
Authors: Taljūnaitė Meilutė
Published: February 2025

Straipsniu siekiama atskleisti gydytojų integracijos darbo rinkoje vertinimus gydytojų požiūriu bei jų sėkmingos ir patrauklios karjeros Lietuvoje kūrimo bei valdymo perspektyvas. Straipsnyje remiamasi autorių atliktos gydytojų kokybinės apklausos 2011–2012 m. duomenimis, Lietuvos mokslo tarybos inicijuoto ir Lietuvos socialinių tyrimų centro vykdyto Nacionalinės mokslo programos projekto „Gydytojo profesijos pasirinkimo motyvacija ir karjeros projektavimas kintančios Lietuvos darbo rinkos sąlygomis“ (sutarties Nr. SIN-01/2011) medžiaga. Projekto tikslas atitinka nacionalinėje mokslo programoje „Socialiniai iššūkiai nacionaliniam saugumui“ numatytus šalies demografinės raidos (migracijos tendencijų ir pasekmių) bei šalies žmogiškųjų išteklių, darbo rinkos politikos ir užimtumo tyrimus. Projekto įgyvendinimo metu buvo ne tik sukaupta naujų aktualių žinių apie Lietuvos sveikatos priežiūros sektoriaus darbuotojų (gydytojų) karjerą, jos pasirinkimo motyvus, projektavimą, migraciją ir profesijos prestižą, bet ir siekta įvardyti tiek Lietuvos gydytojams, tiek visiems piliečiams aktualius gydytojų karjerą galimai stabilizuojančius veiksnius, kurių tik nedidelė dalis apžvelgiama šioje publikacijoje.