bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Marvin C. Alkin’in Program Değerlendirme Alanına Katkıları ve Değerlendirme Araştırmaları Merkezi Modeli
Authors: AYDIN Mehmet Kemal
Published: January 2022

Program değerlendirme alanı bir disiplin olarak son elli yılda önemli gelişim kaydetmiştir. Değerlendirme alanının gelişmesinde, özellikle değerlendirme teorilerinin ve modellerinin sınıflandırılması büyük önem taşımaktadır. Bu anlamda değerlendirme alanında Daniel Stufflebeam, Marvin C. Alkin, Jody L. Fitzpatrick, James R. Sanders ve Blaine R. Worthen gibi değerlendirmeciler mevcut değerlendirme modellerinin sınıflandırılmasına yönelik ortaya koydukları öncü eserlerle, program değerlendirmenin bir disiplin olarak gelişmesinde önemli rol oynamışlardır. Diğer değerlendirme kuramcılarıyla karşılaştırıldığında, her ne kadar Alkin’in değerlendirme modelleri sınıflandırması ve geliştirdiği değerlendirme modeli yeterince tanınmasa da Alkin değerlendirme alanının öncülerindendir. Kariyeri boyunca Alkin, değerlendirme kuramcısı, değerlendirme uzmanı ve aynı zamanda değerlendirme profesörü gibi çeşitli roller üstlenmiş ve böylelikle değerlendirme disiplininin gelişmesine hem teorik hem de pratik açıdan önemli katkılar sağlamıştır. Teorik açıdan ele alındığında, Alkin öne sürdüğü ‘Değerlendirme Teorileri Ağacı’ metaforu ile değerlendirme kuramları ve modellerini yöntem, değer ve kullanım temellerinde sınıflandırarak değerlendirme teorilerinin öğretiminde oldukça faydalı bir sınıflandırma yapmıştır. Pratik açıdan ise, değerlendirmede alınacak kararların önem arz ettiği bağlamlarda kullanılabilecek faydalı bir model olan Değerlendirme Araştırmaları Merkezi (CSE) Modelini geliştirmiştir. Bu itibarla, mevcut çalışmada Alkin’in değerlendirme modelini tanıtmak ve değerlendirme alanına yaptığı katkıları detaylı olarak ele almak amaçlanmıştır. Böylelikle bu çalışmanın, değerlendirme alanına ilgi duyan akademisyenler, araştırmacılar ve uzmanlara katkı sağlaması beklenmektedir. Özellikle, yükseköğretim kurumlarının akademik değerlendirme ve kalite kurulları gibi değerlendirmeye bağlı alınacak kararların önem arz ettiği bağlamlarda görev yapan ve dolayısıyla karar vericilerle yakın ilişkiler kurmak durumunda olan değerlendirmeciler için bu çalışma ışık tutucu niteliktedir.
Comparison of efficacy of 600 and 800 micrograms vaginal misoprostol in early pregnancy failure in SMGS: a tertiary health care hospital in Jammu, India
Authors: Khajuria Reema , Suri Arushi , Jaggi Rohini
Published: January 2022

Background: Misoprostol use in early pregnancy failure is varied and dose is not well established. Aim of this study was to compare efficacy and side effects of 600 versus 800 micrograms vaginal misoprostol in early pregnancy failure.Methods: A randomized prospective observational study was conducted in the postgraduate department of obstetrics and gynaecology, SMGS hospital Jammu from November 2018 to October 2019 after getting approval from the ethical committee. Hundred patients (50 in group A and 50 in group B) admitted in labour room before 12 weeks of gestation with an ultrasound diagnosis of early fetal demise (missed abortion or brightened ovum) were treated medically with different doses of vaginal misoprostol.Results: The success rate in patients in group A is 72% and group B is 88%, p=0.045 (difference is statistically significant). Patients who required suction and evacuation were 28% in group A and 12% in group B.Conclusions: Use of misoprostol for medical management of 1st trimester missed/anembryonic is an effective, cheap, safe and convenient alternative to surgical evacuation. It was concluded that 800 micrograms vaginal misoprostol is more effective than 600 micrograms vaginal misoprostol. But 800 micrograms misoprostol has more side effects than 600 micrograms vaginal misoprostol.
Nanoparticles: tech trends in healthcare
Authors: Chandran Anu , Raghavan Varun , Chalil Bhaskaran , . Kamalasanan , Velayudhan C. C. , Zulfiker Mirvaz , M. Midhun , Rajappan Sanju , Sreedharan Sily , . Deeshma , K. Remash , Binub Kanniyan
Published: January 2022

Nanotechnology is the use of matter on an atomic, molecular, and supramolecular scale for various purposes. Nanotechnology field of application is very much diverse which includes surface science, organic chemistry, molecular biology, semiconductor physics, energy storage, engineering, microfabrication, and molecular engineering. Its medical application ranges from biological devices, nano-electronic biosensors, and to future biological machines. The main issue nowadays for nanomedicine involve understanding the issues related to toxicity and environmental impact of nanoscale materials. Lot more functionalities can be added to nanomaterials by interfacing them with biological structures. The size of nanomaterials is similar most biological molecules and so useful for both in vivo and in vitro biomedical research and applications. The integration of nanomaterials with biology had paved path to the development of diagnostic devices, contrast agents, analytical tools, physical therapy applications and drug delivery vehicles.
Modelling and FE Simulation of HVC Using Multi Objective Response Surface Optimization Techniques
Authors: Agarwal Abhishek , Mthembu Linda
Published: January 2022

The purpose of an automotive chassis is to maintain the shape of the vehicle and bear the various loads that are applied to the vehicle. The structure typically accounts for a large portion of the development and production costs of the new vehicle program, and the designer has many different structural concepts available. Choosing the best is important to ensure acceptable structural performance under other design constraints, such as cost, volume and method of production, product application, and more. The material selection for chassis depends upon various factors like lightness, economy, safety, recyclability, and circulation of life. The current study aims to perform optimization of the design of a heavy vehicle chassis using central composite design & optimal space fill design scheme (s) with the material tested is Al6092/SiC/17.5p MMC. Different design points are generated using design of experiments. The equivalent stress, deformation and mass are evaluated for each design points. The CAD modelling and FE simulation of heavy motor vehicle chassis is conducted using ANSYS software. From the optimization conducted on chassis design, response surface plots of equivalent stress, deformation and mass are generated which enabled to determine the range of dimensions for which these parameters are maximum or minimum. The use of Discontinuously Reinforced Aluminium-Matrix Composites Al6092/SiC/17.5p MMC aided to reduce weight of chassis by 66.25% and 66.68% by using CCD and Optimal space fill design scheme respectively, without much reduction in strength of chassis.
Lattice Parameters, Electronic, and Magnetic Properties of Cubic Perovskite Oxides ARuO3 (A=Sr, Rb): A First‑Principles Study
Authors: Younsi Ahmed Memdouh , Gacem Lakhdar , Soltani Mohamed Toufik
Published: January 2022

Trioxides of rubidium, strontium, and ruthenium belong to the family of alkali and alkaline earth ruthenates. SrRuO3 crystallizes in various symmetry classes—orthorhombic, tetragonal, or cubic—whereas RbRuO3 is perovskite (cubic) structured and crystallizes only in the cubic space group Pm3¯¯¯m(No. 221). In this study, we investigated the structural stability as well as the electronic and magnetic properties of two cubic perovskites SrRuO3 and RbRuO3. We established the corresponding lattice parameters, magnetic moments, density of states (DOS), and band structures using ab‑initio density‑functional theory (DFT). Both compounds exhibited a metallic ferromagnetic ground state with lattice parameter values between 3.83 and 3.96 Å; RbRuO3 had magnetic moments between 0.29 and 0.34 µBwhereas SrRuO3 had magnetic moments between 1.33 and 1.66 µB. This study paves way for further RbRuO3 research.
A Comparison Between a Solid Block Made of Concrete and Others Made of Different Composite Materials
Authors: Karash Emad Toma , Sediqer Tymor Abed Alsttar , Kassim Mohammad Takey Elias
Published: January 2022

In this research, three mathematical models were designed, the first consisting of concrete, the second from carbon fiber, and the third from s-glass fiber, in order to compare the strength of composite materials to different stresses and deformations, because composite materials are better than concrete in terms of weight and shape and do not need to be applied to painting operations in addition to the fact that their thermal insulation is higher than Concrete in high proportions. From the results of the comparison, it was found that the second model was the best model in terms of bearing deformations, as the deformation percentage in it did not exceed the deformation of concrete a lot, reaching (17%), which is a very small percentage, and the stresses towards pregnancy for the second and third models were much better than the bearing of the first model, but the results indicate that the Von Mises Stress in the second model is higher than the first model by a percentage (57%), while the comparison of the third model with the first was the rate of increase percentage (47%).
Cadenas de valor agrícola en El Salvador: un estudio a nivel de municipio para el maíz
Authors: Ayala Durán Carlos
Published: January 2022

Ante la escasez de estudios socioagrarios municipales en El Salvador, el presente artículo tiene como objetivo identificar y analizar la cadena de valor del maíz blanco en el municipio de Ciudad Arce. Para ello, se utiliza como herramienta teórica el mapa de mercado, resaltando el entorno promotor, los actores de la cadena y los proveedores de servicios. Así, en este texto se evidencian tendencias diferentes a las presentadas en la cadena de valor a nivel nacional. Adicionalmente, se destaca un nutrido número de actores y prácticas de cooperación multinivel. Se finaliza identificando dos líneas de investigación poco exploradas y relacionadas con las cadenas de valor.
Los ODS y el transporte marítimo en México: el marco legal internacional para alcanzar las metas del ODS 3 buena salud y del ODS 13 acción por el clima
Authors: Elizalde Monteagudo Pedro Alfonso
Published: January 2022

No existe un Objetivo de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS) enfocado en el transporte marítimo, sin embargo, el transporte marítimo está relacionado con varias metas de los ODS; particularmente, el transporte marítimo está íntimamente relacionado con las metas del ODS 3: Salud y Bienestar y del ODS 13: Acción por el Clima. La comunidad internacional ha generado varios instrumentos legales internacionales para coadyuvar con el éxito de las metas de los dos ODS antes mencionados. El logro de las metas generaría beneficios globales. A pesar de lo anterior, algunos países ratificantes no han podido implementar las disposiciones de tales instrumentos legales por cuestiones técnicas o económicas.
¿Qué es un movimiento social? y su importancia en el estudio de la ciencia política
Authors: Contreras Hernández José Gregorio
Published: January 2022

Este artículo es producto de la revisión bibliográfica y de reflexiones surgidas acerca de esta con nuestros alumnos en la Cátedra de Historia de las Ideas y Movimientos Sociales Contemporáneos, dictada en la Escuela de Estudios Políticos y Administrativos de la Universidad Central de Venezuela: al comprobar en las lecturas que no hay una precisión conceptual que permita definir qué realmente se entiende por movimiento social, ante las diferentes interpretaciones que del concepto se observan, así como del exagerado uso de la idea para calificar las diferentes manifestaciones sociales que han tenido lugar en Venezuela, España y otras partes del mundo en estos últimos tiempos, lo que genera confusión para identificar claramente qué es un “movimiento social”.
Cuando la política no toma las cosas en serio La efervescencia de la criminalidad y sus causas
Authors: Ríos Patio Gino
Published: January 2022

El autor analiza la realidad de la cuestión criminal y expone su convencimiento de que hay un proceso relacional en la génesis de la criminalidad causado por el efecto de las estructuras y el funcionamiento del poder económico en la interacción humana, que estimula los factores personales para accionar negativamente; situación que no encara el Estado ausente y empequeñecido por el neoliberalismo, lo que impide a ambos -individuo y sociedad- ver la cuestión criminal a través del conocimiento científico y construir una política criminológica eficaz, asumiendo por el contrario una política penal, puramente represiva, que constituye una criminal política de seguridad integral, de enfrentamiento, no de encuentro y cooperación.
El Nuevo Proceso Constitucional de la Acción de Tutela en Modalidad Virtual para la Protección del Derecho Fundamental a la Salud en Tiempos del COVID–19
Authors: Pérez Fuentes Carlos Alfredo , Álvarez Maestre Annie Julieth , Aguilar-Barreto Andrea Johana , Rodríguez Montoya Daniel Felipe
Published: January 2022

El presente artículo de investigación es producto de la investigación titulada “Eficacia del derecho fundamental a la salud en el contexto del proceso constitucional virtual en tiempo del COVID-19 en Colombia”, la cual tiene primer objetivo reconocer el nuevo proceso constitucional de la acción de tutela bajo la modalidad virtual para la protección del derecho fundamental a la salud. De esta forma, en este artículo se presentarán los avances de esta investigación los cuales pretenden reconocer las características propias de este nuevo proceso constitucional para la protección del derecho fundamental a la salud, creado por los Acuerdos expedidos por el Consejo Superior de la Judicatura. Esta investigación se desarrolló bajo un enfoque cualitativo y un método hermenéutico que pretendió comprender holísticamente el significado de los escritos relacionados con la temática conservando la singularidad de estos, a través de matrices de análisis que permiten descomponer los textos para comprenderlos como un todo integrado. Como resultados parciales se puede observar que el nuevo “proceso constitucional de tutela virtual” representa la flexibilización en un contexto de ductilidad en donde la adaptación mediada por las TIC ha permitido la garantía de los derechos fundamentales a través de la no suspensión de términos en materia de tutelas, presentación de la acción por correo electrónico, prevalencia del derecho fundamental a la vida, la salud y la libertad, entre otras.
Psicopolítica, Big data y Nudge. Acerca del dominio sin resistencia
Authors: Barrero Arbeláez Juan Manuel
Published: January 2022

Con este escrito se pretende ofrecer razones para sospechar que el nudge es una herramienta del regulador para intervenir en el comportamiento de las personas, llevándolas a actuar de forma predecible para evitar el error y mejorar su bienestar, sin prohibir la libertad de elección y sin cambiar sus incentivos económicos (Sunstein y Thaler, 2008). Al ser combinada con los Big Data, un instrumento psicopolítico usado en la sociedad de la comunicación que permite un conocimiento de múltiples aspectos de la vida de los individuos esencialmente, a partir de la información personal que estos aportan a la red, da origen a una nueva herramienta psicopolítica que anula o limita, en cierto grado, la posibilidad de los individuos de resistirse al uso que de ella haga el regulador.
Physico-chemical and Sensory Evaluation of Biscuits Developed from Blends of Jowar (Sorghum), Organic Jaggery and Whole Wheat Flours
Authors: Rao P.V.K. Jagannadha , Sreedevi P. , Navaneetha Y. , Kiranmayi K. , Bharathalakshmi M.
Published: January 2022

Background: Jowar (Sorghum) is one of the most popular millet grown in tropical and semi-arid regions. The present study was aimed to design and develop the process technology for the preparation of biscuits from blends of jowar and jaggery by replacing wheat flour. Methods: The biscuits were analysed for physico-chemical and sensory properties. The proportions taken were 30:70:60, 40:60:60, 50:50:60, 60:40:60, 70:30:60 and 100:0:60 of jowar flour, whole wheat flour and jaggery respectively. Sensory evaluation was performed by using composite scoring test and means were evaluated by Krushkal Walli H-Test. Result: Sensory evaluation revealed that the ratio of 100:0:60 (SWJ 6) jowar, whole wheat flour and jaggery has highest acceptability and was considered for further studies. The physical parameters of biscuits such as mass (20 g), thickness (7 mm), spread factor (64.28), diameter (45 mm) and color values were determined. The texture analysis revealed that the biscuits held hardness (32.5 g), fracturability (8.60 mm) and cutting strength (3.390 kg). Proximate analysis was estimated as energy (583 kcal), carbohydrate (92.6 g), protein (10.8 g), fat (4.8 g), crude fibre (8.6 g), calcium (46 mg), zinc (58.3 mg), iron (16.1 mg) and potassium (420 mg) per 100 g for SWJ 6 proportion.
ECOS DA PEDAGOGIA CRÍTICA FREIREANA NAS PERSPECTIVAS CRÍTICAS EM EDUCAÇÃO LINGUÍSTICA DE LÍNGUA INGLESA
Authors: Regis de Almeida Ricardo , Sabota Barbra
Published: January 2022

Tendo como principal objetivo problematizar os conceitos de diálogo, colaboração e empoderamento – todos caros à pedagogia crítica difundida por Freire na década de 1970 – e apontar possibilidades outras de atuação crítica, o presente artigo se trata de uma pesquisa bibliográfica (LIMA, MIOTO, 2007), organizada a partir das discussões teóricas mobilizadas na dissertação de Mestrado do primeiro autor (AUTOR1, 2017), revisitadas à luz do cenário atual. O texto está organizado da seguinte maneira: iniciamos a conversa apresentando algumas limitações nos conceitos de diálogo, colaboração e empoderamento empenhados pela pedagogia crítica. Revisitamos esses conceitos partindo das discussões de Ellsworth (1989), Urzêda-Freitas (2012) e Contreras (2012). Trazemos, em seguida, as perspectivas críticas (pedagogia crítica, ensino crítico de línguas e letramento crítico) como possibilidades de atuação na educação linguística crítica em língua inglesa. Por fim, tecemos algumas considerações transitórias a respeito da multiplicidade de teorizações sobre as perspectivas críticas no bojo da Linguística Aplicada Crítica (LAC).
MENINO
Authors: Casella Cesar
Published: January 2022

Menino é um poema, em versos livres, que tem como tema poético a perda da inocência amorosa.
O GÊNERO PUBLICITÁRIO E O EMPODERAMENTO FEMININO NA PERSPECTIVA DO DIALOGISMO BAKHTINIANO
Authors: Domingos José , Sousa Negreiros Cellyane
Published: January 2022

Este artigo apresenta como objetivo analisar o discurso produzido por propagandas de cunho feministas na mídia brasileira. Partindo do conceito de dialogismo em Bakhtin (2006), a pesquisa procurou estabelecer, por meio de propagandas destinadas ao público feminino, como se materializa a discussão do empoderamento feminino. Para tanto, partimos dos discursos que aparecem nas Revistas Vogue Brasileira e Avon, considerando o modo como a construção discursiva sobre o empoderamento feminino é apresentada nessas revistas. Trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, com abordagem qualitativa. Os resultados mostraram que a Vogue enuncia a partir dos estereótipos de beleza internalizados na sociedade, e, assim, a relação dialógica se estabelece através de uma discursividade que procura reproduzir os padrões vigentes no meio social sobre a mulher. Já a Avon apresenta outras possibilidades, que podem ser percebidas no reconhecimento de novas identidades, beleza, corpo e o que de fato se pode se considerar enquanto ser mulher e o próprio ato de empoderamento. Constatamos a necessidade de se repensar o modo como essas mídias discursivizam a figura da mulher, seja por via de uma construção discursiva que reproduz um padrão de beleza estereotipado seja na circulação de dizeres sobre o empoderamento, quando abrem espaços para discutir outras possibilidades de existência de corpos e identidades.
LETRAMENTO CRÍTICO PARA DESMISTIFICAR CRENÇAS ACERCA DO ENSINO DE INGLÊS COMO LÍNGUA ADICIONAL
Authors: Machado Fátima , Rodrigues Cassandra
Published: January 2022

Crenças podem ser sociais e individuais, paradoxais, contextuais e dinâmicas. No que tange o ensino de língua inglesa como língua adicional, ainda é flagrante a permanência de crenças impregnadas de preconceito linguístico e de ideologias epistemológicas colonialistas. Além de visões formalistas do que é língua que influenciam a expectativa sobre o que determina saber uma língua (por exemplo, domínio de formas e estruturas gramaticais negligenciando os aspectos sociocomunicativos), há também uma  supervalorização de um modelo idealizado de falante “nativo” com um viés neocolonial que foca em variantes de prestígio (como o inglês americano ou britânico). Combater o preconceito linguístico, questionar as crenças do senso comum e fomentar o pensamento crítico ajuda a promover a autoestima e segurança linguística tanto de alunos quanto de professores. Este estudo, então, propõe uma desmistificação dessas crenças a partir dos multiletramentos e do letramento crítico como um caminho para uma formação linguística integral, consciente e crítica. 

 

Palavras-chave: crenças; ensino de inglês; letramento crítico; multiletramentos.
The cognitive structure of the word-formation system and methodological issues of teaching of the Kazakh language
Authors: Abitova Zhanar , Suleimenova Zharkynbike , Turgunov Yerkinbek
Published: January 2022

Human beings understand and interpret what is happening around them in their mother tongue. It is a fact that in recent years, language teaching has been given importance as a communication tool. Each language carries out the processes of understanding and explaining, consisting of its own specific structures and rules. In terms of the basic language skills involved in these two processes, the behaviours and methods of language learners and teachers who will ensure that they can use their mother tongue correctly are very important. The historical development of multilingualism in Kazakhstan consists of several stages. Multilingualism has brought with it problems in Kazakh teaching in Kazakhstan. For this purpose, it is important to determine the opinions of classroom teachers about teaching the Kazakh language in terms of word structure, the suitability of the contents of the textbooks, and the qualifications of teachers in language teaching. For this purpose, interviews were conducted with 19 classroom teachers working in Kazakhstan. In this study, the findings obtained using the qualitative research method were analysed in detail. It has been concluded that there are points where the contents of the textbooks are not suitable for the classroom teachers, the methods and techniques they use in language teaching are insufficient and these inadequacies cause problems.

Keywords: Kazakh, language teaching, method and technique, language, speaking
Al-Manhâj al-Fiqhî ‘Inda Jamâ’ah “Muassah al-Da’wah al-Islâmiyah al-Indûnîsiyah” (Lembaga Dakwah Islam Indonesia) wa Âtsâruhu Fî Istinbâth al-Ahkâm al-Syar’iyyah
Authors: Moh. Abdul Kholiq Hasan  , Iskandar Dzulkarnain  , Muh. Nashirudin
Published: January 2022

Indonesian Islamic Da’wa Institution or Lembaga Dakwah Islam Indonesia (LDII) tends to embrace exclusivity and takfiri ideology. This article attempts to reveal the fiqh manhaj (method) that LDII employs and its influences on the legal decisions LDII takes by employing the library research method in descriptive qualitative type. The content analysis in tandem with document triangulation and structured interviews were applied to investigate the textual references LDII uses. The findings indicate that LDII employs a fiqh manhaj called manqul. This influences the law istinbath of LDII. Mandatory to remain in the congregation (jamaah), taking the oath of allegiance to the leader of the jamaah, the claim by the jamaah leader of the right to construct sharia law, license to lie, and takfiri are some controversial products of the manqul. With takfiri as the most dangerous product of the manqul, it befalls the government of Indonesia to watch over this jamaah.

اشتهرت مؤسسة الدعوة الإسلامية الإندونيسية أو ما يسمى بـــ LDII بتكفيرها على جميع المسلمين سوى جماعتهم. وتهدف هذه الدراسة لمعرفة أصل المنهج الفقهي عند هذه الجماعة وآثاره في استنباط الأحكام الشرعية عندهم. واعتمدت الدراسة على منهج البحث الوصفي التحليلي، بطريقة تحليل المحتوي أو ما يسمى بــ (content analysis). وقد توصلت الدراسة إلى القول بأن أصل المنهج الفقهي عند هذه الجماعة هو ما يسمى بـ"المنقول". وإن لهذا المنهج الفقهي أثار كبير في استنباط الأحكام الشرعية عند هذه الجماعة. ومن بينها: لزوم الناس لجماعتهم، وجوب البيعة لإمامهم، وجوب الإنفاق، ادعاء إمامهم أن لهم حقّ في تشريع الأحكام، إباحة التقية أو الكذب على الآخرين. ومن أخطر هذه المخالفات تكفيرهم لجميع المسلمين ممن ليسوا من جماعتهم. لأن هذا الاستنباط له أثر سيئ لوحدة الشعب، ولذا على حكومة إندونيسيا أن تتنبه دائما تجاه هذه الجماعة المنحرفة.
Advances in Y-90 radioembolization for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Woerner Andrew J. , Johnson Guy E.
Published: January 2022

Hepatocellular carcinoma remains a prominent cause of cancer-related mortality globally. Transarterial yttrium-90 radioembolization is a versatile therapy and plays an important role in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. This review summarizes the establishment of radioembolization in the hepatocellular carcinoma treatment paradigm, treatment considerations across cancer stages, and recent advances in evidence.
Pharmacologic therapies for the low cardiac output syndrome in children after cardiac surgery: evidence of their efficacy and trends in their use
Authors: Sahulee Raj , McKinstry Jaclyn
Published: January 2022

The low cardiac output syndrome describes the phenomenon of the reduction of cardiac output that can occur following cardiac surgery requiring cardiopulmonary bypass. If unrecognized or untreated, this condition can result in significant morbidity and mortality. Along with non-pharmacologic therapies, pharmacologic agents used to help manage the low cardiac output syndrome include catecholamine inotropes, inodilators, systemic vasodilators, pulmonary vasodilators, and other classes of medications. We summarize the rationale and key evidence supporting the use of these therapies in children. In addition, utilizing provider surveys and registry reviews, we describe the current trends in the use of these medications and the variation demonstrated between providers and centers. Given the heterogeneous etiology of low cardiac output syndrome, successful management requires that pharmacologic therapies be tailored to the physiologic derangements of each patient.
A nationwide survey on the perceptions of general surgeons on artificial intelligence
Authors: Voskens Frank J. , Abbing Julian R. , Ruys Anthony T. , Ruurda Jelle P. , Broeders Ivo A. M. J.
Published: January 2022

Aim: Artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to improve perioperative diagnosis and decision making. Despite promising study results, the majority of AI platforms in surgery currently remain in the research setting. Understanding the current knowledge and general attitude of surgeons toward AI applications in their surgical practice is essential and can contribute to the future development and uptake of AI in surgery. Methods: In March 2021, a web-based survey was conducted among members of the Dutch Association of Surgery. The survey measured opinions on the existing knowledge, expectations, and concerns on AI among surgical residents and surgeons. Results: A total of 313 respondents completed the survey. Overall, 85% of the respondents agreed that AI could be of value in the surgical field and 61% expected AI to improve their diagnostic ability. The outpatient clinic (35.8%) and operating room (39.6%) were stated as area of interest for the use of AI. Statistically, surgeons working in an academic hospital were more likely to be aware of the possibilities of AI (P = 0.01). The surgeons in this survey were not worried about job replacement, however they raised the greatest concerns on accountability issues (50.5%), loss of autonomy (46.6%), and risk of bias (43.5%). Conclusion: This survey demonstrates that the majority of the surgeons show a positive and open attitude towards AI. Although various ethical issues and concerns arise, the expectations regarding the implementation of future surgical AI applications are high.
A statistics and physics-based tropical cyclone full track model for catastrophe risk modeling
Authors: Chen Yu , Fang Pingzhi , Yang Jian , Liu Chen , Zhang Anyu , Wu Tiantian , Gong Ting , Yin Jianming , Duan Zhongdong , Ou Jinping
Published: January 2022

Catastrophe (CAT) risk modeling of perils such as typhoon and earthquake has become a prevailing practice in the insurance and reinsurance industry. The event generation model is the key component of the CAT modeling. In this paper, a physics-based tropical cyclone (TC) full track model is introduced to model typhoons events in the western North Pacific basin. At the same time, a comprehensive test of the model is presented from the perspective of CAT risk modeling for insurance and reinsurance applications. The full track model includes the genesis, track, intensity, and landing models. Driven by the global environmental circulations, the model employs the advection and beta drift theory in atmospheric dynamics to model the track of typhoons. The proposed model is novel in the way of modeling the genesis of TCs with three-dimension kernel distributions in space and time. This enables the simulation of seasonal characteristics of TCs. By generating 10,000-year TC events, we comprehensively test the model from the standpoint of CAT insurance and reinsurance applications. The typhoon hazard model and the generated events can serve as the inputs for assessing the typhoon risk and insured loss caused by winds, rains, floods, and storm surges.
Associations between estimated and measured carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity in older Black and White adults: the atherosclerosis risk in communities (ARIC) study
Authors: Heffernan Kevin , Stoner Lee , Meyer Michelle L. , Keifer Adam , Bates Lauren , Lassalle Patricia Pagan , Hanson Erik D. , Horiuchi Masahiro , Michos Erin D. , Kucharska-Newton Anna , Matsushita Kunihiro , Hughes Timothy M. , Tanaka Hirofumi
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Aortic stiffness offers important insight into vascular aging and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. The referent measure of aortic stiffness is carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV). cfPWV can be estimated (ePWV) from age and mean arterial pressure. Few studies have directly compared the association of ePWV to measured cfPWV, particularly in non-White adults. Moreover, whether ePWV and cfPWV correlate similarly with CVD risk remains unexplored. Aim: (1) To estimate the strength of the agreement between ePWV and cfPWV in both Black and White older adults; and (2) to compare the associations of ePWV and cfPWV with CVD risk factors and determine whether these associations were consistent across races. Methods and Results: We evaluated 4478 [75.2 (SD 5.0) years] Black and White older adults in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study. cfPWV was measured using an automated pulse waveform analyzer. ePWV was derived from an equation based on age and mean arterial pressure. Association and agreement between the two measurements were determined using Pearson’s correlation coefficient (r), standard error of estimate (SEE), and Bland-Altman analysis. Associations between traditional risk factors with ePWV and cfPWV were evaluated using linear mixed regression models. We observed weak correlations between ePWV and cfPWV within White adults (r = 0.36) and Black adults (r = 0.31). The mean bias for Bland-Altman analysis was low at -0.17 m/s (95%CI: -0.25 to -0.09). However, the inspection of the Bland-Altman plots indicated systematic bias (P < 0.001), which was consistent across race strata. The SEE, or typical absolute error, was 2.8 m/s suggesting high variability across measures. In models adjusted for sex, prevalent diabetes, the number of prevalent cardiovascular diseases, and medication count, both cfPWV and ePWV were positively associated with heart rate, triglycerides, and fasting glucose, and negatively associated with body mass index (BMI) and smoking status in White adults (P < 0.05). cfPWV and ePWV were not associated with heart rate, triglycerides, and fasting glucose in Black adults, while both measures were negatively associated with BMI in Black adults. Conclusions: Findings suggest a weak association between ePWV and cfPWV in older White and Black adults from ARIC. There were similar weak associations between CVD risk factors with ePWV and cfPWV in White adults with subtle differences in associations in Black adults. One sentence summary: Estimated pulse wave velocity is weakly associated with measured carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity in older Black and White adults in ARIC.
The endocrine and epigenetic impact of persistent cow milk consumption on prostate carcinogenesis
Authors: Melnik Bodo C. , John Swen Malte , Weiskirchen Ralf , Schmitz Gerd
Published: January 2022

This review analyzes the potential impact of milk-induced signal transduction on the pathogenesis of prostate cancer (PCa). Articles in PubMed until November 2021 reporting on milk intake and PCa were reviewed. Epidemiological studies identified commercial cow milk consumption as a potential risk factor of PCa. The potential impact of cow milk consumption on the pathogenesis of PCa may already begin during fetal and pubertal prostate growth, critical windows with increased vulnerability. Milk is a promotor of growth and anabolism via activating insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1)/phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K)/AKT/mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling. Estrogens, major steroid hormone components of commercial milk of persistently pregnant dairy cows, activate IGF-1 and mTORC1. Milk-derived signaling synergizes with common driver mutations of the PI3K/AKT/mTORC1 signaling pathway that intersect with androgen receptor, MFG-E8, MAPK, RUNX2, MDM4, TP53, and WNT signaling, respectively. Potential exogenously induced drivers of PCa are milk-induced elevations of growth hormone, IGF-1, MFG-E8, estrogens, phytanic acid, and aflatoxins, as well as milk exosome-derived oncogenic microRNAs including miR-148a, miR-21, and miR-29b. Commercial cow milk intake, especially the consumption of pasteurized milk, which represents the closest replica of native milk, activates PI3K-AKT-mTORC1 signaling via cow milk’s endocrine and epigenetic modes of action. Vulnerable periods for adverse nutrigenomic impacts on prostate health appear to be the fetal and pubertal growth periods, potentially priming the initiation of PCa. Cow milk-mediated overactivation of PI3K-AKT-mTORC1 signaling synergizes with the most common genetic deviations in PCa, promoting PCa initiation, progression, and early recurrence.
Determining the Pension Benefit Obligation of a Defined Benefit Plan: Applying a Multivariate ARIMA Stochastic Model
Authors: Query Jeffrey Tim , Diz Evaristo
Published: January 2022

In this study we examine the robustness of fit for a multivariate and an autoregressive integrated moving average model to a data sample time series type.  The sample is a recurrent actuarial data set for a 10-year horizon.  We utilize this methodology to contrast with stochastic models to make projections beyond the data horizon. Our key results suggest that both types of models are useful for making predictions of actuarial liability levels given by PBO Projected Benefit Obligations on and off the horizon of the sample time series.  As we have seen in prior research, the use of multivariate models for control and auditing purposes is widely recommended.  Fast and reliable statistical estimates are desirable in all cases, whether for audit purposes or to verify and validate miscellaneous actuarial results.
Sufi Modernis: Peran Transformatif Mursyid TQN Suryalaya dalam bidang Pendidikan, Ekonomi dan Lingkungan Hidup
Authors: Rohimat Asep Maulana
Published: January 2022

This study aims to reveal that the Tarekat in organizational review will develop rapidly if it is led by a Mursyid who has a transformative modernist role. This qualitative research was conducted using a phenomenological approach, participant observation approach and descriptive analysis. The results of the study reveal that TQN Suryalaya has modernist Sufi figures, namely the first Mursyid of TQN Suryalaya Abah Sepuh (Shaykh Abdullah Mubarok Bin Nur Muhammad) then followed by the second Murshid Abah Anom (Shaykh Ahmad Shohibul Wafa Tajul 'Airifn). Through these two Mursyids, it was found that the form of modernization typical of Sufis apart from in the field of ritual worship which is of course the main key, but furthermore has a role in transforming the quality of society towards a better direction in three fields: First, the field of education in the form of formal institutions in the field of basic education, secondary, and college. Second, in the field of Economics in the form of collaboration between Islamic boarding schools and SMEs in the surrounding community. The third is in the field of the environment in the form of nature conservation, irrigation technology, and plantations.
Pengalaman Spiritual dan Kebahagiaan menurut Nyai Hajah Masriyah Amva
Authors: Sulaiman Sulaiman
Published: January 2022

This study aims to describe spiritual experiences and happiness according to Nyai Hajah Masriyah Amva, a female cleric and caregiver at the Kebon Jambu Al-Islamy Islamic Boarding School in Ciwaringin, Cirebon, West Java. This research is included in library research using qualitative methods. The results of this study prove that the spiritual experience carried out by Nyai Hajah Masriyah Amva has led her to true happiness. The happiness that Masriyah Amva gets is an empirical process she goes through and then pushes her to do a 'hijrah' or self-transcendence that goes beyond the physical world or the real environment to the Supreme Reality, God. By making God the pinnacle of transcendence, Masriyah finds true happiness. With God, he feels that he is always near to Him and at the same time becomes his support so that he feels no longer alone anywhere and anytime.
Konsep Amar Ma’ruf Nahi Munkar al-Ghazali dan Relevansinya dengan Nilai-nilai Moderasi Beragama di Pondok Pesantren Sidogiri
Authors: Mun'im Zainul
Published: January 2022

Ihya’ ‘Ulum al-Din is one of the most studied books in the pesantren, especially in the pesantren of Sidogiri. The main reason is because the book has been considered as a book of sufism with high values of moderation. This study aims to identify the moderation values of da'wah in the Ihya’ and examine its effect on the da'wah paradigm of pesantren of Sidogiri. This study uses Gadamer's hermeneutic approach to connect the theory in the ihya' and the reality of da'wah at the pesantren of Sidogiri. Data obtained through documentation, interviews and observations. This study shows that the concept of da'wah in the Ihya’  is full of high values of religious moderation. This can be understood from the concept of amr ma'ruf nahi munkar which al-Ghazali explained in his work. This research also shows that the moderation value in the Ihya’ affects the da’wah paradigm of pesantren of Sidogiri which is moderate and full of persuasive approaches.
Description of the Learning Difficulties on Chapter Parabolic Motion and the Factors Affecting in Physics Pre-Service Teacher
Authors: Wanda Yunita Arifatul , Budiarti Indah Slamet , Panda Florentina Maria
Published: January 2022

The problem of student learning difficulties and the factors causing it are very important to know. The first step that can be taken is to use a diagnostic test as a reference indicator in identifying student learning difficulties. The purpose of this study was to determine the difficulties in learning parabolic motion and its causal factors experienced by students of the 2018 Physics Education Department. This type of research is descriptive. The subjects of this study were 19 students of the 2018 Cenderawasih University in the Physics Education Department. Data collection techniques used are test, interview, and documentation. The results of the overall assessment of the diagnostic test showed that 19 students had not yet completed achieving the learning objectives in understanding the parabolic motion sub-material because the highest score obtained by one of the students was 53, while the minimum completeness reached a score of 56. These difficulties are influenced by internal factors, namely body defects, fatigue, attention, readiness, habits, how to receive lessons, boredom; and external factors, namely the lecturer’s teaching methods, discipline, building conditions, forms of community life, and weather conditions.
Анализ динамики эпидемического процесса COVID-19 в мире за неделю с 01.01.2022 г. по 07.01.2022 г.
Authors: Зимирова Анастасия , Поспелов Михаил , Иванова Александра , Дмитриева Людмила , Чумачкова Елена , Карнаухов Игорь , Щербакова Светлана , Кутырев Владимир
Published: January 2022

В обзоре представлен анализ эпидемиологической ситуации в странах мира по COVID-19, за неделю с 01.01.2022 г. по 07.01.2022 г.
PREVALENCE OF ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE AND ITS CHALLENGES FOR HEALTH CARE PROVIDERS
Authors:   Saad bin Nawaz,
Published: January 2022

The load of antibiotic resistance has been prevailing worldwide which is deteriorating health and human development. Antibiotics also called antimicrobial are the wonder drugs used to act against the microbes.
NOVEL OLEUROPEIN NANOCAPSULAR FORMULATION: PREPARATION, CHARACTERIZATION AND ANTICOLON CANCER ACTIVITY
Authors:   Areeg Awadallah
Published: January 2022

Nanotechnology has provided substantial contribution in the field of nutraceuticals' delivery. In the current work, a novel nanocapsular system loading the nutraceutical oleuropein was prepared and characterized, then further tested for its efficacy against colon cancer cells.
Indonesia Regional Representative Council Authority After Constitutional Court Decision No. 92 / PUU-X / 2012
Authors: Bukhori Bukhori , Rohaya Nizla
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine the position, role and function of the DPD-RI in the Indonesian constitutional system before and after the Constitutional Court Decision No. 92 / PUU-X / 2012. The research method used is juridical normative and type of research is statutory approach, comparative approach, and conceptual approach. The results showed that a number of laws and regulations governing the DPD-RI were still less than the initial purpose of the formation of the DPD-RI. Certain articles relating to the position, function and role of the DPD-RI actually limit the authority of the DPD-RI so that it cannot function as a state institution that should have the same position as the DPR-RI. The decision of the Constitutional Court No. 92 / PUU-X / 2012 brings a new chapter in the implementation of democracy in Indonesia. The ruling of the Constitutional Court firmly provides a strategic role for the Regional Representative Council in Indonesian constitution.
E-Commerce Road Map as a Legal Protection for Consumers in The Digital Economic Era
Authors: Rizka Rizka
Published: January 2022

Digitalization of the economic field to welcome the era of industrial revolution 4.0 needs to be addressed intelligently so it is not harm the consumers and business actors through the transformation of consumer protection instruments into a more contemporary way. Currently, Indonesia has about 93.4 million Internet users and approximately 71 million users of smart phones which makes the internet and of course online transactions, as part of a lifestyle that is reflected through shopping behavior. The task of the State is to bring legal protection to consumers. Based on the consideration of actuality and urgency, to create the necessary level of certainty in business transactions and protect the consumer rights of e-commerce transactions the Government finally issued Presidential Regulation No. 74 of 2017. This regulation regulates the Electronic Road Based Electronic System Road Map (road map e-commerce). The Policy Package is intended to make Indonesia the largest digital economy in Southeast Asia by 2020. Legal umbrella is required in the form of law so that the state can provide a simultaneous and comprehensive legal protection of consumer rights in e-commerce transactions in the era of digital economy.
Hydrodynamics in the Morganza Floodway and Atchafalaya Basin, report 3 : phase 3; a report for the US Army Corps of Engineers, MRG&P
Authors: Bell Gary , Abraham David , Savant Gaurav , Emiren Anthony G.
Published: January 2022

The Morganza Floodway and the Atchafalaya Basin, located in Louisiana west of the Mississippi River, were evaluated using a two-dimensional Adaptive Hydraulics model. Prior to this study, Phase 1 and 2 model studies were performed that indicated that the existing floodway may not be able to pass the Project Design Flood discharge of 600,000 cubic feet per second due to levee overtopping. In this study, all elevations of exterior and interior levees were updated with current crest elevations. In addition, the Phase 3 effort evaluated the sensitivity of the floodway’s flow capacity to variations in tree/vegetation density conditions. These adjustments in roughness will improve the understanding of the role of land cover characteristics in the simulated water surfaces. This study also provides a number of inundation maps corresponding to certain flows through the Morganza Control Structure.
Physical and Mechanical Behaviors of Red Sandstones and Marbles after High-Temperature Treatment
Authors: Yang Hanqing , Wu Xuezhen , Jing Hongwen , Yu Liyuan , Liu Richeng
Published: January 2022

Deep geothermal energy is of great strategic importance for the development of the energy industry. In the process of geothermal energy extraction, temperature changes will significantly affect the physical and mechanical properties of the rock mass. To investigate the influence of temperature on the physical and mechanical properties of red sandstones and marbles, the uniaxial compression test, variable-angle shear test, mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) test, and SEM test were conducted on the red sandstone and marble specimens treated by 9 temperature levels (from 25°C to 800°C). The results show that the porosity is positively correlated with the temperature regardless of rock types. The peak strength of red sandstones during uniaxial compression increases first when temperature increases from 25°C to 400°C and then decreases when temperature increases from 400°C to 800°C, whereas the peak strength of marbles exhibits a first decreasing (from 25°C to 300°C), then increasing (from 300°C to 600°C) and finally decreasing (from 600°C to 800°C) trend. Similarly, the shear strength and cohesion of red sandstones increase first and then decrease as temperature rises from 25°C to 800°C, despite of the predesigned shearing angle, which is opposite to the variation in frictional angle. The variations in physical and mechanical behavior are closely related to the expansion of the constituent grains or groundmass which make up the rock composition and closure of pores. Additionally, the temperature in the range from 400°C to 600°C plays an important role to evaluate the variations in the physical and mechanical characteristics of red sandstones and marbles after high-temperature exposure, because of the stress, strain, and porosity change dramatically.