bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nitrogen-neighboured single cobalt sites enable heterogeneous oxidase-type catalysis
Authors: Cao Yong , zhang Qi , Peng Mi , Gao Zirui , Guo Wendi , Sun Zehui , Zhao Yi , Zhou Wu , Wang Meng , Mei Bingbao , Du Xianlong , Jiang Zheng , Sun Wei , Liu Chao , Zhu Yifeng , Liu Yongmei , He Heyong , Li Zhen , Ma Ding
Published: January 2022

Development of biomimetic catalytic systems that can imitate or even surpass natural enzymes remains an ongoing challenge 1–3. This is particularly true in the context of accessing non-natural reactions by bioinspired approaches, which offer intriguing possibilities for benign and affordable chemical synthesis 4. Exploiting the untapped potential of inorganic solids by translating complex knowledge in (bio)molecular-based systems may constitute a potentially useful strategy for such purpose 5, but efforts to capitalize on the minimum catalytic unit of a versatile solid matrix have been largely unsuccessful. Here, we show how an all-inorganic biomimetic system bearing robust nitrogen-neighboured single cobalt site/pyridinic-N site (Co-N4/Py-N) pairs can act cooperatively as an oxidase mimic, which renders an engaged coupling of oxygen (O2) reduction with synthetically beneficial chemical transformations. By developing this broadly applicable platform, the scalable synthesis of greater than 100 industrially and pharmaceutically appealing O-silylated compounds via the unprecedented aerobic oxidation of hydrosilane under ambient conditions is demonstrated. Moreover, this heterogeneous oxidase mimic also offers potential for expanding the catalytic scope of enzymatic synthesis. We anticipate that the strategy demonstrated here will pave a new avenue for understanding the underlying nature of redox enzymes and open up a new class of material systems for artificial biomimetics.
Purification and Enzymatic Properties of a New Thermostable Endoglucanase From Aspergillus Oryzae HML366
Authors: Qin Yongling , Qin Baoshan , Fu Yue , Li Qiqian , Luo Fengfeng , Huang Qiqi , Huang Zhixian , Luo Yanmei , He Haiyan
Published: January 2022

Aspergillus oryzae HML366 is a newly screened cellulase-producing strain. The endoglucanase HML ED1 from A. oryzae HML366 was quickly purified by two-step method ammonium sulfate precipitation and strong anion exchange column. SDS-PAGE electrophoresis indicated that the molecular weight of the enzyme was 68 kDa. The optimum temperature of the purified endoglucanase was 60 ℃ and the enzyme activity was stable below 70 ℃. The optimum pH was 6.5, and the enzyme activity was stable at pH between 4.5 to 9.0. The analysis indicated that additional Na+, K+, Ca2+, and Zn2+ reduced the catalytic ability of enzyme to the substrate, but Mn2+ enhanced its catalytic ability to the substrate.The Km and Vmax of the purified endoglucanase was 8.75 mg/mL and 60.24 μg/min·mL, respectively. Our study demonstrated that A. oryzae HML366 can produce a heat-resistant and wide pH tolerance endoglucanase HML ED1, which has potential industrial application value in bioethanol, paper, food, textile, detergent and pharmaceutical industries.
Stopping molecular rotation using coherent ultra-low-energy magnetic manipulations.
Authors: Chadwick Helen , Somers Mark , Stewart Aisling , Alkoby Yosef , Carter Thomas , Butkovicova Dagmar , Alexandrowicz Gil
Published: January 2022

Rotational motion lies at the heart of intermolecular, molecule-surface chemistry and cold molecule science, motivating the development of methods to excite and de-excite rotations. Existing schemes involve perturbing the molecules with photons or electrons which supply or remove energy comparable to the rotational level spacing. Here, we study the possibility of de-exciting the molecular rotation of a D2 molecule, from a J=2 to the non-rotating J=0 state, without using an energy-matched perturbation. We show that a magnetic field which splits the rotational projection states by only pico eV, can change the probability that a molecule-surface collision will stop a molecule from rotating and lose rotational energy which is 9 orders larger than that of the magnetic manipulation. Calculations confirm the origin of the control scheme, but also underestimate rotational flips (Δm_J≠0), highlighting the importance of the results as a sensitive benchmark for further developing theoretical models of molecule-surface interactions.
A Bi-level Decomposition Algorithm for Multi-factory Scheduling With Batch Delivery Problem
Authors: Marandi Fateme , Ghomi S.M.T. Fatemi
Published: January 2022

This paper introduces a multi-factory scheduling with batch delivery problem. A novel mixed-integer programming model is proposed to minimize the sum of total tardiness, holding and batching costs. A bi-level decomposition algorithm (BLDA) is developed involving two sub-problems: scheduling problem in the upper level and batching problem in the lower level. Four versions of the BLDA are created by combinations of CPLEX and simulated annealing in both levels, which interactively collaborate until the algorithm converges to a solution. The BLDAs are examined on several random and real-life test instances. A statistical analysis is performed by comparing the BLDAs’ solutions with the exact minimum and lower bound values of the total cost. The results indicate that about all versions of the developed BLDA provide high quality solutions for real-world zinc industry problems as well as generated instances in a reasonably short time. Finally, some managerial insights are derived based on sensitivity analysis.
Does the El Niño-Southern Oscillation Impact on the Indian Summer Monsoon 1-Dimensional? Quantifying the Role of Antecedent Southwestern Indian Ocean Capacitance on the Variability of Summer Monsoon Rainfall over Homogeneous Regions of India
Authors: Thandlam Venugopal , Rahaman Hasibur , Rutgersson Anna , Sahlee Erik , Muthulagu Ravichandran , SSVS Ramakrishna
Published: January 2022

Recent rapid changes in the global climate and warming temperatures increase the demand for local and regional weather forecasting and analysis to improve the accuracy of seasonal forecasting of extreme events such as droughts and floods. On the other hand, the role of ocean variability is at a focal point in improving the forecasting at different time scales. Here we study the effect of Indian Ocean mean sea level anomaly (MSLA) and sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTA) on Indian summer monsoon rainfall during 1993-2019. While SSTA and MSLA have been increasing in the southwestern Indian Ocean (SWIO), these parameters' large-scale variability and pre-monsoon winds could impact the inter-annual Indian monsoon rainfall variability over homogeneous regions. Similarly, antecedent heat capacitance over SWIO on an inter-annual time scale has been the key to the extreme monsoon rainfall variability from an oceanic perspective. Though both SSTA and MSLA over SWIO have been influenced by El Niño-southern oscillation (ENSO), the impact of SWIO variability was low on rainfall variability over several homogeneous regions. However, rainfall over northeast (NE) and North India (NI) has been moulded by ENSO, thus changing the annual rainfall magnitude. Nevertheless, the impact of ENSO on monsoon rainfall through SWIO variability during the antecedent months is moderate. Thus, the ENSO influence on the atmosphere could be dominating the ocean part in modulating the inter-annual variability of the summer monsoon. Analysis shows that the cooler (warmer) anomaly over the western Indian Ocean affects rainfall variability adversely (favourably) due to the reversal of the wind pattern during the pre-monsoon period.
Psychiatric Comorbidities and Dehydration are More Common in Children Admitted to the Emergency Department for Eating Disorders in the COVID-19 Era.
Authors: Spina Giulia , Roversi Marco , Marchili Maria Rosaria , Raucci Umberto , Fini Francesca , Mirra Gianluca , Testa Giulia , Guarnieri Benedetta , Clemente Anna , Diamanti Antonella , Zanna Valeria , Castiglioni Maria , Vicari Stefano , Reale Antonino , Villani Alberto
Published: January 2022

Purpose Since the beginning of COVID-19 pandemic, social distancing and home-confinement had a significant impact on children, especially on those with eating disorders (ED). The primary objective of this retrospective study was to describe and analyze the demographic and clinical profiles of children presenting with ED during the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods We conducted a retrospective review of clinical charts of patients with ED younger than 18 years who accessed the emergency department of the Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, between March 2019 and March 2021. Of these, we reported and compared the demographic, clinical and laboratory data before and after the COVID-19 pandemic and looked for predictors of ED severity.Results A total of 211 admissions for ED were recorded. The patients, mostly females (86.3%) were on average 14.1 years old. The mean weight loss on admission was 11 kg. Bradycardia was observed in 31.3% of the study sample. 16.6% of patients had an associate psychiatric disorder and 60.2% required psychotropic drugs. 68.7% of the patients required hospitalization. Respectively, 96 and 115 patients were admitted before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. The latter were hospitalized more (78.3 vs 57.3%; p=0.001), yet for less time (19 vs 26 days; p=0.004), had a higher mean serum creatinine (0.68 vs 0.47; p<0.001) and were more frequently diagnosed with an associated psychiatric disorder (23.5 vs 8.3%; p=0.003).Conclusion Our study shows a significant increase of hospitalizations of children with ED during the COVID-19 pandemic, along with a shorter length of stay, more psychiatric comorbidities, and some distinctive features at the laboratory workup, such as an increase of serum creatinine and/or a reduction of serum albumin.Level of evidence III, evidence obtained from well-designed cohort or case-control analytic studies
Extreme wind speed prediction in mountainous area with mixed wind climates
Authors: Ma Teng , Cui Wei , Zhao Lin , Ding Yejun , Fang Genshen , Ge Yaojun
Published: January 2022

In addition to common synoptic wind system, the mountainous terrain forms a local thermally driven wind system, which makes the mountain wind system have strong terrain dependence. Therefore, in order to estimate the reliable design wind speeds for structural safety, the samples for extreme wind speeds for certain return periods at mountainous areas can only come from field measurements at construction site. However, wind speeds measuring duration is usually short in real practice. This work proposes a novel method for calculating extreme wind speeds in mountainous areas by using short-term field measurement data and long-term nearby meteorological observatory data. Extreme wind speeds in mountainous area are affected by mixed climates composed by local-scale wind and large scale synoptic wind. The local winds can be recorded at construction site with short observatory time, while the extreme wind speeds samples from synoptic wind climate from nearby meteorological station with long observatory time is extracted for data augmentation. The bridge construction site at Hengduan Mountains in southwestern China is taken as an example in this study. A 10-month dataset of field measurement wind speeds is recorded at this location. This study firstly provides a new method to extract wind speed time series of windstorms. Based on the different windstorm features, the local and synoptic winds are separated. Next, the synoptic wind speeds from nearby meteorological stations are converted and combined with local winds to derive the extreme wind speeds probability distribution function. The calculation results shows that the extreme wind speed in the short return period is controlled by the local wind system, and the long-period extreme wind speed is determined by the synoptic wind system in the mountain area.
Analysis of the Negative Impacts of Coffee Husk on the Local Environment
Authors: Tolessa Berhanu , Amena Berhanu Tolessa , Altenbach Holm , Tibba Getachew Shunki , Lemu Hirpa G.
Published: January 2022

In a locality wherever intense low process is completed while not appropriate waste management measures, low effluents area unit the principal reason behind organic pollution. Low husk contains caffeine, tannins, and chlorogenic acid, creating it a dangerous exposed husk. The low method has been delivery environmental issues to the environment thanks to the discharge of pollution with a large quantity of organic waste. the target of this work is to research the negative impacts of low husk on the atmosphere to scale back environmental pollution in step with the planet Health Organization, one among the foremost vital problems that enterprises confront as they look for ways to limit their use of the artifact by changing it into value-add products/applications is that the harmful impact of low husk on the atmosphere (WHO).The significance of the experiment is to form low husk as an alternate resource to switch fiber. Methylene chloride liquid-liquid extraction was developed to avoid caffeine, tannin, and CGA spectral overlapping within the three hundred -700 nm wavelength vary. The results indicated increment deadly materials that have an effect on the atmosphere. From the experiment performed low husk are often used as an alternate resource for getting composites for might applications and solve the environmental issues.
Influence of A Public Health Emergency On Care For Patients With Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: An Online, Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: Zhang Shu , Wang Shaoxia , Dong Yuru , Chen Xinyu , Hu Miao , Kou Sen , Zhang Chunyan , Wu Shiwen , Tian Yaping
Published: January 2022

Background: The public health emergency has created challenges for the care of patients, particularly those with chronic diseases such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy. To elucidate the challenges faced by Chinese patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy during the public health emergency coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, we conducted an online cross-sectional survey, the responses of which were collected between March 27 and June 30, 2021. Results: In total, valid questionnaire responses were obtained from 2,105 patients, of whom 49 lived in pandemic lockdown areas. Of the 2,056 responders from non-lockdown areas, 42.8% reduced their outside daily activities, 49.4% reduced their use of rehabilitation services, 39.7% postponed regular follow-up appointments, and 40.8% complained of accelerated declines in motor function over the previous year. The corresponding figures for the 49 participants from lockdown areas were almost all higher, with 67.3% reducing outside daily activities, 44.9% reducing their use of rehabilitation services, 79.6% postponing regular follow-up appointments, and 55.1% complaining of accelerated declines in motor function. When asked whether they expected more assistance from society than they had received before the pandemic, 60.8% of patients in non-lockdown areas and 87.8% of those in lockdown areas responded affirmatively. When asked whether they felt more anxious than they had before the pandemic and needed psychological counseling, 11.5% of respondents in non-lockdown areas and 18.4% of respondents in lockdown areas responded affirmatively. In non-lockdown areas, 76% of respondents had at least one telemedicine visit, and 71% of them thought that telemedicine was helpful. In lockdown areas, 91.8% had used telemedicine at least once, and 66.7% of them found it helpful.Conclusions: These public health emergency control measures have affected the care of patients with chronic diseases worldwide, particularly pronounced in lockdown areas. It is imperative that healthcare workers assist patients and establish more robust chronic disease management systems. Telemedicine is an effective model for providing healthcare to such patients.
Economic Impact and Cost Benefit of the Inpatient Clinical Pharmacist Interventions in Cancer Care Units
Authors: Abushanab Dina , Gulied Amaal , Hamad Anas , Rouf Palli Valappila Abdul , Hail Moza Al , Kassem Wessam El , Hajj Maguy El , Al-Badriyeh Daoud
Published: January 2022

Background: Clinical pharmacists play a key role in ensuring the optimum use of cancer medicines. Yet, the economic benefit of this role has never been assessed in Qatar. Aim: To evaluate the overall economic impact of clinical pharmacist interventions in the main cancer care setting in Qatar. Methods: From the public healthcare perspective, this was an analysis of the total economic benefit and a cost-benefit analysis of the clinical pharmacy interventions. As a study sample size, patient records in March 2018, July/August 2018, and January 2019 were retrospectively reviewed at the National Center for Cancer Care & Research (NCCCR), Qatar. The total benefit from interventions was the total of the cost avoidance due to preventable adverse drug events (ADEs) plus the cost savings associated with therapeutic interventions. The interventions cost was based on salary and increased cost due to therapeutic interventions. The cost-benefit analysis results were presented via net benefit and benefit‐to‐cost ratio measures. Results : Total of 1,352 interventions occurred during the 3-month follow-up period. The total benefit was QAR 196,010,360 (USD53,834,206), constituting cost avoidance of QAR 194,764,534 (USD 53,492,040) and cost savings of QAR 1,245,826 (USD 342,166), mostly due to recommending additional medications and the medication dose reduction. The benefit-to-cost ratio was 174:1 and the annual net benefit was QAR 779,539,440 (USD 214,100,351). Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of results. Conclusion: The clinical pharmacist intervention is a cost-beneficial practice in the NCCCR setting, associated with ADEs prevention and substantial economic benefits, including relative to the interventions cost.
‘Others Will Even Call us Terminators’: Barriers and Facilitators to Provision of Comprehensive Abortion Care (Cac) in Zambia – A Qualitative Study
Authors: PHIRI CHRISTABEL CHIGWE , JACOBS CHOOLWE , SICHONE VICTOR , KAONGA PATRICK , MAKASA MUSONDA , VWALIKA BELLINGTON , KUMWENDA ANDREW , MUKOSHA MOSES , NKOLE THERESA , MUMBA JANE , MUNAKAMPE MARGARATE NZALA , MANGALA BENEDICTUS , MWILA MEEK , LUBEYA MWANSA KETTY
Published: January 2022

Background:It is estimated that one in every five pregnancies globally ends up as abortion, with about 40% being unsafe. Abortions account for approximately 5.9% of all maternal mortalities and 50% of gynaecological admissions in Zambia. Despite implementing Comprehensive Abortion Care (CAC), which aims to provide high quality, safe and affordable services to women, unsafe abortions rates remain high. In this study, we explored the barriers and facilitators to CAC provision in selected health facilities of Lusaka and Copperbelt provinces in Zambia.Materials and methods: A qualitative case study using in-depth interviews with health care providers was conducted between July – August, 2021 in nine selected public health facilities of Zambia. A total of 17 interviews were conducted with participants purposively sampled. The interviews were digitally recorded and transcribed verbatim. Data analysis was done using content analysis. Results: The study revealed a number of barriers and facilitators most of which are health system related. The health system related barriers included inadequate CAC providers, healthcare provider perception that provision of CAC was optional, lack of CAC dedicated space and privacy, frequent shortages of medical supplies and lack of incentives, while individual related barriers included stigma surrounding CAC provision, religious and moral dilemmas. Facilitators to CAC provision included having providers trained and mentored in CAC, availability of a liberal legal framework, accessible services, task shifting and external financial support. Conclusions: The findings of this study on the several barriers of CAC reinforces the idea that despite having appropriate legal provisions to CAC provision in Zambia, challenges in the implementation of the law and related service provision continue to persist. The identified barrriers suggests to consider incorporating CAC services into the pre-service training to ensure more trained and skilled providers are available in the public facilities.
Neoadjuvant Therapy with Doxorubicin-Cyclophosphamide Followed by Weekly Paclitaxel in Early Breast Cancer: A Retrospective Analysis of 200 Consecutive Patients Treated in A Single Center with A Median Follow-Up of 9.5 Years.
Authors: Dredze Lisi M. , Friger Michael , Ariad Samuel , Koretz Michael , Delgato Bertha , Shaco-Levy Ruthy , Tokar Margarita , Bayme Michael , Agassi Ravit , Rosenthal Maia , Dyomin Victor , Beluchitski Olga , Libson Shai , Mizrahi Tamar , Geffen David B.
Published: January 2022

Purpose
We analyzed outcomes of doxorubicin-cyclophosphamide(AC) followed by weekly paclitaxel as neoadjuvant chemotherapy(NAC) for breast cancer(BC), in an everyday practice with long-term follow-up of patients.
Methods
All patients (n=200) who received the AC-paclitaxel combination as NAC for BC at the Soroka University Medical Center from 2003 to 2012 were included in this retrospective cohort study. AC was administered on an every 3-week schedule (standard dose) until May, 2007(n=99); and subsequently every 2 weeks (dose dense)(dd)(n=101). Clinical pathologic features, treatment course and outcome information were recorded. Complete pathologic response(pCR) was analyzed according to BC subtype, dose regimen and stage.
Results
Median age was 49 years; 55.5% and 44.5% of patients were clinically stage 2 and 3, respectively. Standard dose patients had more T3 tumors. Subtypes were human-epidermal-growth-factor receptor(HER 2)-positive 32.5% (of whom 82% received trastuzumab), hormone-receptor positive/HER2 negative 53%, triple negative 14.5%. Breast conserving surgery(BCS) was performed in 48.5% of patients; only 9.5% were deemed suitable for BCS prior to NAC. Toxicity was acceptable. The overall pCR rate was 26.0% and was significantly higher in the dd group and HER2-positive patients. With a median follow-up of 9.51 years median event-free survival(EFS), and overall survival(OS) is 10.85 years and 12.61 years, respectively. Patients achieving pCR had significantly longer EFS and OS.
Conclusions-
NAC for BC with AC-paclitaxel can be safely administered in the “real-world’ setting with high efficacy. Current efforts are aimed at Increasing rates of pCR and identifying patients who may benefit from additional therapy or conversely, de-escalated treatment.
Sow Vaccination Against Virulent Glaesserella Parasuis Shapes the Nasal Microbiota of Their Offspring
Authors: Blanco-Fuertes Miguel , Correa-Fiz Florencia , Lopez-Serrano Sergi , Sibila Marina , Aragon Virginia
Published: January 2022

Glaesserella parasuis is the etiological agent of Glässer’s disease, a common pathology in the pork industry with higher prevalence in the postweaning period. Vaccination is one of the strategies to control this disease. Here, we investigated the effect that sow vaccination against virulent strains of G. parasuis had in the nasal microbiota of their offspring. Nasal swabs from fifteen days-old piglets from vaccinated (vs-P, N=11) and unvaccinated sows (cs-P, N=11) were obtained and DNA was extracted for 16S amplicon sequencing. Microbiota composition was different, with lower diversity in vs-P, and a strong clustering of the groups in beta diversity analysis. Among the 1,509 sequences associated to either study group, all the sequences classified as G. parasuis (N=10) had lower relative abundance in the vs-P group. A list of 32 inferred metabolic pathways were statistically different between groups. A distinctive structure of the two microbial networks was detected, with modules in the cs-P not conserved in the vs-P network. In conclusion, vaccination of the sows had a large effect in the microbiota composition of their offspring that went beyond the effect on the targeted pathogen. The mechanisms underneath these changes may include alteration of the microbiota network due to the elimination of the targeted pathogen and/or immunological changes.
An-Luo-Hua-Xian Pill Can Improve the Regression of Liver Fibrosis in Chronic Hepatitis B Patients Treated With Entecavir
Authors: Liu Yi-Qi , Zhang Chi , Li Jia-Wen , Cao Li-Hua , Zhang Zhan-Qing , Zhao Wei-Feng , Shang Qing-Hua , Zhang Da-Zhi , Ma An-Lin , Xie Qing , Gui Hong-Lian , Zhang Guo , Liu Ying-Xia , Shang Jia , Xie Shi-Bin , Li Jun , Zhang Xu-Qing , Zou Zhi-Qiang , Chen Yu-Ping , Zhang Zong , Zhang Ming-Xiang , Cheng Jun , Zhang Fu-Chun , Huang Li-Hua , Li Jia-Bin , Meng Qing-Hua , Yu Hai-Bin , Mi Yu-Qiang , Peng Yan-Zhong , Wang Zhi-Jin , Chen Li-Ming , Meng Fan-Ping , Ren Wan-Hua , Bai Lang , Zeng Yi-Lan , Fan Rong , Lou Xian-Zhi , Liang Wei-Feng , Liu Hui , Zhuang Hui , Zhao Hong , Wang Guiqiang
Published: January 2022

Background & Aims: Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) can cause liver fibrosis and lead to cirrhosis even cancer, antiviral therapy can reverse liver fibrosis with limited effect, thus we aimed to evaluate the effect of An-Luo-Hua-Xian pill (ALHX) on fibrosis regression in CHB patients treated with ETV.Methods: Treatment naïve patients with CHB from Oct 1st, 2013 to Dec 31st, 2020 were randomly treated with ETV alone or combined with ALHX (ETV+ALHX). Patients’ demographic, laboratory and liver histology data before and after 78 weeks of treatment were collected. Ishak fibrosis score (F) was used and fibrosis regression means F decreased ≥1 after treatment.Results: In total, 394 patients with a second liver biopsy after treatment were included in per-protocol population: 132 patients in ETV group and 262 patients in ETV+ALHX group. After 78 weeks of treatment, the fibrosis regression rate in the ETV+ALHX group were significantly higher than ETV group in baseline F≥3 patients: 124/211 (58.8%) verse 45/98 (45.9%), p=0.035. The degradation rate of liver stiffness measurement (LSM) is also consistent with it: 154/262 (73.0%) in ETV+ALHX group and 60/132 (61.2%) in ETV group, p=0.037. Logistic regression analysis showed that combined with ALHX was related to fibrosis regression (OR=1.94, p=0.018), and family history of hepatocellular carcinoma was on the contrary (OR=0.41, p=0.031).Conclusions: ETV combined with ALHX can significantly increase liver fibrosis regression in CHB patients.
Assessment of Anthelmintic Property and Insilico study of phytocompounds in roots of Dechaschistia crotonifolia Wight & Arn.
Authors: Peeriga Raveesha , Adarapu Keerthi Priyanka , Sanivar Kavya Sri , Kanumuri Jyothsna , Akunuri Rikith Swamy , Atmakuri Lakshmana Rao
Published: January 2022

Background:Worm infections in developing countries were reported high. Phytoconstituents have been a vital role for the treatment of many ailments. The current study was aimed assess for anthelmintic activity of different root extracts of Dechaschistia crotonifolia Wight & Arn. belongs to the family Ebanaceae against Pheretima posthuma. Further Insilico study was carried out for phytocompounds present in Dechaschistia. Results: The chloroform, ethylacetate and ethanol extract of Dechaschistia crotonifolia Wight & Arn. were considered for the study of anthelmintic property on earthworms at concentrations 20 mg/ml, 40 mg/ml and 60 mg/ml. During this study, the parameters paralysis time (Pt) and Death Time (Dt) of adult Indian earthworms was observed. As a standard and control Albendazole 10 mg/ml and 2% Tween 80 in distilled water were taken respectively. The study resulted that ethanolic extract was significant when compared with the Albendazole 10 mg/ml. Docking studies revealed the all phytocompounds in Dechaschistia shown binding affinity, however comparatively scopoletin and stigmasterol had shown a good binding affinitiy about -7.7 Kcal/mol and -7.6 Kcal/mol compared to standard drug Albendazole which was shown about -8.7 Kcal/mol. Conclusion: The study revealed that the ethanol extract of Dechaschistia crotonifolia Wight & Arn. at a concentration of 60mg/ml exhibited a stronger anthelmintic property compared to Albendazole 10mg/ml. A dose dependent anthelmintic activity is exerted by all the extracts in an ascending manner Chloroform<Ethyl acetate<Ethanol. These observations were made evidenced by docking studies of phytocompounds in Dechaschistia as the phytocompounds were shown excellent docking score when compared with standard Albendazole.
Education and Information Need for Emergency Physicians About Rare Diseases in China
Authors: Zhou Lingli , Xu Jun , yang jing
Published: January 2022

Background: Rare diseases are serious and chronic disease that affect no more than 1 person in 2000. The patients suffering from RD may come to emergency department for life-threatening symptoms, such as acute aortic dissection, intracranial hemorrhage, and severe respiratory distress. Diagnostic delay of rare disease patients is common and often caused by low rare disease awareness among physicians. The main aim of this study was to investigate the Chinese emergency physicians’ basic knowledge, information access and educational needs regarding rare diseases. An online questionnaire was completed by Chinese emergency physicians during January and March 2021. Methods and Results: A total of 539 emergency physicians responded to the questionnaire-based study, including 200 females and 339 males. More than half of respondents were from Tertiary A hospital and had engaged in medical clinical work more than 10 years. Only 4.27% of respondents correctly estimated the prevalence of rare diseases. A few respondents knew the exact number of RD in the first official list of rare diseases in 2018. 98.5% of respondents rated their knowledge about rare diseases as rare or insufficient. Most of emergency physicians preferred to getting information by search engine instead of specialized websites of rare diseases. Lack of practice guidelines or consensus and were considered as the most important reason for diagnostic delay of RD. Practice guidelines or consensus and professional websites on rare diseases were urgently needed for emergency physicians.Conclusion: The investigation shows poor knowledge of emergency physicians regarding rare diseases. Practice guidelines and professional websites on rare diseases were the prominently urgent needs for emergency physicians. Specialized RD courses should also be added in medical education.
Presentative deictics in Oromo
Authors: Hussien Ahmed Mahmud , Beyene Shimellis Mazengia
Published: January 2022

This study deals with the forms, meanings and functions of presentative deictics in Oromo. Basically, presentatives deictics are deictic expressions that are used in directing the attention of an addressee towards a referent mentioned by a speaker in the communication situation. They are expressed in the use of proximal and distal presentative deictic adverbs, adverbial phrases or determiners. This is a qualitative descriptive study and the data were collected through note-taking of free language use, elicitation, and introspection. The data thus collected were transcribed phonemically using IPA. The data were arranged in interlinear morpheme-by-morpheme basis in three lines following the Leipzig Glossing Rules. The results of the analyses contained lexicalizations of presentative expressions commonly used, (morpho)-syntactc properties of presentatives in different discourse contexts, the exophoric and referential functions of presentatives of which the exophoric function takes into account referents found in the environment where communication is taking place, and the referential functions were concerned with reference to linguistic items in the text. The offerative and the directive functions come under the exophoric use, whereas cataphoric, anaphoric and discourse signal functions come under referential functions. The meanings of the presentative deictics are based on the context in which they are used.
The Hydrogen Storage Nanomaterial MgH2 Improves Irradiation-induced Male Fertility Impairment by Suppressing Oxidative Stress
Authors: Ma Jing , Dong Suhe , Lu Hongtao , Chen Zhongmin , Yu Huijie , Sun Xuejun , Peng Renjun , Li Wei , Wang Sinian , Jiang Qisheng , Li Fengsheng , Ma Li
Published: January 2022

ObjectiveThis study aimed to reveal the protective effect of hydrogen storage nanomaterial MgH2 on radiation-induced male fertility impairment.MethodsThe characterization of MgH2 were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and particle size analyzer. The safety of MgH2 were evaluated in vivo and in vitro. The radioprotective effect of MgH2 on the reproductive system were analyzed in mice, including sperm quality, genetic effect, spermatogenesis, and hormone secretion. ESR, flow cytometry and western blotting assay were used to reveal the underlying mechanisms.ResultsMgH2 had an irregular spherical morphology and a particle size of approximately 463.2 nm, and the content of Mg reached 71.46%. MgH2 was safe and nontoxic in mice and cells. After irradiation, MgH2 treatment significantly protected testicular structure, increased sperm density, improved sperm motility, reduced deformity rates, and reduced the genetic toxicity. Particularly, the sperm motility were consistent with those in MH mice and human semen samples. Furthermore, MgH2 treatment could maintain hormone secretion and testicular spermatogenesis, especially the generation of Sertoli cells, spermatogonia and round sperm cells. In vitro, MgH2 eliminated the [·OH], suppressed the irradiation-induced increase in ROS production, and effectively alleviated the increase in MDA contents. Moreover, MgH2 significantly ameliorated apoptosis in testes and cells and reversed the G2/M phase cell cycle arrest induced by irradiation. In addition, MgH2 inhibited the activation of radiation-induced inflammation and pyroptosis.ConclusionMgH2 improved irradiation-induced male fertility impairment by eliminating hydroxyl free radicals.
Shake Table Tests of a Novel Low-rise Bolt-Assembled Precast Concrete Sandwich Wall Panel Structure
Authors: Xiong Feng , Chen Wen , Ge Qi , Chen Jiang , Lu Yang
Published: January 2022

A novel low-rise bolt - assembled precast concrete sandwich wall panel structure for rural residential houses was proposed, in which the connections between wall and wall, and wall and floor were connected by high strength bolts and steel plates. The bolt joints can be easily installed and disassembled. They are replaceable to make the precast structure demountable and reassembled. All the components are connected together by the novel bolted connectors. This paper presents the shake-table tests of a full-scale two-story bolt-assembled precast concrete sandwich wall building. The results indicated that the proposed structural system had good seismic performance and remained in the elastic stage with no damage after 9-degree rare earthquake excitation for the Model-1. The Model-2 exhibited excellent capacity and performed satisfactorily under the excitation up to 0.8 g. Cracks were observed at the wall openings and the base of walls and columns, which was similar to that of a cast-in-situ structure. The damage statuses were mainly light damage and moderate damage. The bolt connection joints were not anti-seismic weak places and had good seismic performance. Equivalent base shear method is suitable for estimating the seismic demand of the proposed precast concrete sandwich wall panel structure.
Intestinal Flora and Inflammation in Acute Coronary Syndromes
Authors: Ma Huiyan , Yang Libo , Yan Ning , Zhang Hua , Zhang Xiaoxia , Jia Shaobin , Wang Hao
Published: January 2022

Background: Acute coronary syndromes (ACS) is closely associated with chronic low-grade inflammation and gut microbiome composition. However, the composition and functional capacity of the gut microbiome in relation to ACS have not been systematically examined. Results: we perform a metagenome-wide association study on stools and plasma from 66 individuals with ACS and 46 healthy controls (HC). We then compared gut microbial composition using 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing in fecal samples to detect species with differential abundance between 2 groups. We reported that the altered composition of gut microbiota was associated with ACS and exacerbated inflammatory status. Moreover, parameters in ACS including body weights (BWs), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), C-reactive protein (CRP) and high homocysteine (HCY) were elevated; whereas high-density lipoprotein (HDL) was decreased. pro-inflammatory interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1(MCP-1) and lipopolysaccaride (LPS) in ACS were increased respectively. The results of 16S rRNA sequencing and analysis displayed that the overall community of gut microbiota in ACS was notably changed mainly through increasing the abundance of Bacteroidetes, Verrucomicrobia, Proteobacteria Parabacteroide, Unidentified_Enterobacteriaceae, Subdoligranulum, Akkermansia, Alistipes, Streptococcus, Paraprevotella as well as decreasing Subdoligranulum, Roseburia, Faecalibacterium, Blautia, Agathobacter, Anaerostipes, Bifidobacterium. Further analysis showed that there was a significant correlation between the above differences in gut microbiota and inflammatory factors. Conclusions: Our data represent a comprehensive resource for further investigations on the role of the gut microbiome in promoting or preventing ACS.
Appraisal of Anti-Arthritic Potential of Quercus Leucotrichophora Methanolic Extract in Complete Freund’s Adjuvant Induced Arthritic Rats; a Mechanistic Study
Authors: Saleem Ammara , Hameed Izza , Akhtar Muhammad Furqan , Rahman Md. Habibur , Ash Ghulam Md
Published: January 2022

This research work was conducted to validate the folkloric use and therapeutic potential of Quercus leucotrichophora (QL) leaf methanolic and aqueous extracts against inflammation and arthritis and to determine the chemical composition by HPLC. The in-vitro anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities were carried out along with in-vivo assays such as carrageenan induced paw edema, xylene induced ear edema and Complete Freund’s Adjuvant induced arthritis in Wistar rats. The CFA (0.1 ml) was inoculated to the left hind paw at day 1 to induce arthritis and oral dosing with QLME at 150, 300 and 600 mg/kg was begun at 8th day till the 28th day in all groups while methotrexate was given as standard treatment. There was a noteworthy (p<0.05-0.0001) restoration in body weight, paw edema, arthritic index, altered blood parameters and oxidative stress biomarkers in treated rats as compared to diseased group. Moreover, QLME considerably (p<0.0001) downregulated TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, COX-2, and NF-κB, while significantly (p<0.0001) upregulated IL-10, I-κB, IL-4 in relation to diseased group. The QLME exhibited no mortality in acute toxicity study. It was concluded that QLME possessed substantial anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic potential at all dosage levels, mainly at 600 mg/kg might be due to presence of quercetin, sinapic acid and ferulic acid.
Withdrawal of Life-Sustaining Therapy in Intensive Care Unit Patients Following Out-Of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: An Australian Metropolitan ICU Experience
Authors: Devanand Nilesh Anand , Ruknuddeen Mohammed Ishaq , Soar Natalie , Edwards Suzanne
Published: January 2022

Objective: To determine factors associated with withdrawal of life-sustaining therapy (WLST) in intensive care unit (ICU) patients following out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA).Methods: A retrospective review of ICU data from patient clinical records following OHCA was conducted from January 2010 to December 2015. Demographic features, cardiac arrest characteristics, clinical attributes and targeted temperature management were compared between patients with and without WLST. We dichotomised WLST into early (ICU length of stay <72 hours) and late (ICU length of stay ≥72 hours). Factors independently associated with WLST were determined by multivariable binary logistic regression using a backward elimination method, and results were depicted as odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI).Results: The study selection criteria resulted in a cohort of 260 ICU patients post-OHCA, with a mean age of 58 years and the majority were males (178, 68%); 151 patients (58%) died, of which 145 (96%) underwent WLST, with the majority undergoing early WLST (89, 61%). Status myoclonus was the strongest independent factor associated with early WLST (OR 38.90, 95% CI 4.55–332.57; p < 0.001). Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) motor response of <4 on day 3 post-OHCA was the strongest factor associated with delayed WLST (OR 91.59, 95% CI 11.66–719.18; p < 0.0001).Conclusion: The majority of deaths in ICU patients post-OHCA occurred following early WLST. Status myoclonus and a GCS motor response of <4 on day 3 post-OHCA are independently associated with WLST.
Quantum fidelity susceptibility in excited state quantum phase transitions: application to the bending spectra of nonrigid molecules
Authors: Khalouf-Rivera Jamil , Carvajal Miguel , Perez-Bernal Francisco
Published: January 2022

We characterize excited state quantum phase transitions in the two dimensional limit of the vibron model with the quantum fidelity susceptibility, comparing the obtained results with the information provided by the participation ratio. As an application, we locate the eigenstate closest to the barrier to linearity and determine the linear or bent character of the different overtones for particular bending modes of six molecular species. We perform a fit and use the optimized eigenvalues and eigenstates in three cases and make use of recently published results for the other three cases.
Expectations of individuals regarding the Ijara Forward contract: the case of healthcare financing
Authors: Ziky Mustapha , Tajeddine Elghabri Mohamed
Published: January 2022

The health sector in Morocco is marked by many achievements, but also by large deficits, especially in terms of healthcare expenditures borne by individuals. With the introduction of Islamic banks (called participative banks) in Morocco, the study aims to determine the extent to which Ijara Forward, as an Islamic financial contract, is adapted to the expectations of Moroccans to finance their health expenditures.The study sample consisted of 200 individuals. The univariate and bivariate analyses are used to identify possible relationships between the study variables. In addition, this paper proposes a model that will predict the demand for Ijara Forward based on the logistic regression method. The results reveal that the financial characteristics of the Ijara Forward contract are in line with the financial expectations of Moroccan individuals. Furthermore, the cost of health services is the main factor that makes healthcare inaccessible. This factor influences the demand of Ijara Forward. In addition, this paper reveals that religious beliefs stimulate Ijara Forward’s demand and encourages people to pay a higher price for Ijara Forward.
Innovation in the Implementation of the Team Assisted Individualization Learning Model Based on Hands-On-Activity to Improve Students' Motivation and Concept Understanding
Authors: Prameswari Rizka Hayuning , Hakim Fachri
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine the application of the TAIbased Hands-on Activity learning model effectively to improve theunderstanding of chemical concepts and the learning motivation of learners ofhydrocarbon combustion material. This study uses a Quasi-ExperimentalDesign with the research subjects being Class XI students of SMA N 1 Kramat.The sample in this study was taken using the Random Sampling Clustertechnique. The instrument in this study was a test instrument in the form of apretest and posttest, while the non-test instrument was a questionnaire. Theresults of the t-test analysis showed that the application of the TAI basedHands-on Activity learning model was effective in increasing the ability tounderstand chemical concepts and learner motivation. The average ability tounderstand the concepts of chemistry in the experimental class and the controlclass was 78.06 and 67.86, respectively. The average learning motivation ofstudents in the experimental class and the successive control class is 75.83 and65.83. The N-gain test for understanding the concept of the experimental classand the control class were 0.467 (medium category) and 0.296 (low category),respectively. N-gain learning motivation of students in the experimental classand control class was 0.42 (medium category) and 0.25 (low category),respectively.
Development of an integrating coagulation and reverse osmosis system to treat highly turbid water using synthesized coagulants
Authors: Solanki Yogendra Singh , Agarwal Madhu , Gupta A. B.
Published: January 2022

In the present study a coagulation process was used as a pretreatment for a reverse osmosis (RO) membrane with turbid raw water collected from Bisalpur dam, Rajasthan, India. To optimize the coagulation performance, three kinds of coagulant, namely, alum (commercially available), synthesized inorganic polymeric coagulant-medium basicity (IPC-M), and inorganic polymeric coagulant-ultrahigh basicity (IPC-UH) were examined for turbidity removal with varying operating parameters. It was observed that in the optimum pH range of 6–7, the IPC-UH was the best performing coagulant with a 0.99 mg/L equivalent Al2O3 dose, revealing 2 NTU residual turbidity and residual aluminium of 0.001 mg/L. Moreover, the Langelier saturation index and Ryznar stability index values were evaluated at optimum conditions for all the three coagulants providing negligible scaling potential. Furthermore, the coagulant-treated water (100 L) was fed to the RO membrane, and the performance was noted in terms of flux, pressure, and total dissolved solids. It was observed that IPC-UH had the lowest reduction in permeate flux of 0.78 L/min/m2 compared with the commercially available coagulant alum (0.90 L/min/m2). Also, an increased feed pressure was observed for all the coagulant-treated waters with the lowest value of 2.3 kg/cm2 for IPC-UH, which was 2.5 kg/cm2 for alum (commercially available coagulant). Therefore, integration of coagulation before the RO system resulted in effective pretreatment of turbid water with very minute scaling.
Clima organizacional y satisfacción laboral de las enfermeras de un centro quirúrgico de EsSalud, Lima 2017
Authors: De la Cruz Pérez Lisset Ruth , Ramírez Miranda Edna
Published: January 2022

Objetivo: Determinar la relación entre el clima organizacional y la satisfacción laboral de las enfermeras en un centro quirúrgico de EsSalud, Lima 2017. Materiales y métodos:  Estudio con enfoque cuantitativo, diseño tipo descriptivo correlacional y transversal, nivel aplicativo. Se encuestó a 75 enfermeras que laboran en el Centro Quirúrgico, muestra no probabilística por conveniencia; Se empleó como técnica la entrevista y como instrumentos dos cuestionarios correspondientes a las variables involucradas, evaluados exitosamente en base los indicadores de confiabilidad y validez; aplicados con previo consentimiento informado. La correlación se determinó mediante la correlación de RHO DE SPEARMAN. Resultados: Se obtuvo un coeficiente de correlación de 0,708 entre ambas variables, lo cual indica una elevada correlación entre las variables, además, significativa al 99%; donde se observa en el clima organizacional que, un 25,3% (n=19) de participantes presentan un deterioro en la comunicación y en la satisfacción laboral un 21,3% (n=16) de los participantes están insatisfechos en el desempeño de tareas. Conclusión: Existe relación estadísticamente significativa entre el clima organizacional y la satisfacción laboral de las enfermeras. El centro quirúrgico de los hospitales deben ser espacios de trabajo donde el clima organizacional y la satisfacción laboral sean positivos para las enfermeras.