bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INNOVATIVE RESOURCES OF MODERN SCIENCE
Authors:   Borys Grinchenko Kyiv University, Ukraine, ТABACHNIKOV Stanislav ,   State Institution "Research Institute of Psychiatry of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine"
Published: February 2023

The collective monograph is a scientific and practical publication that contains scientific articles by doctors and candidates of sciences, doctors of philosophy and art, graduate students, students, researchers and practitioners from European and other countries. The articles contain research that reflects current processes and trends in world science.
Measurement report: Diurnal variations of brown carbon during two distinct seasons in a megacity in Northeast China
Authors: Cheng Yuan , Cao Xu-bing , Liu Jiu-meng , Zhong Ying-jie , Yu Qin-qin , Zhang Qiang , He Ke-bin
Published: February 2023

Abstract. Brown carbon (BrC) represents an important target for the “win-win” strategy of mitigating climate change and improving air quality. However, estimating co-benefits of BrC control remains difficult for China, partially because current measurement results are insufficient to represent the highly variable emission sources and meteorological conditions across different regions. In this study, we investigated, for the first time, the diurnal variations of BrC during two distinct seasons in a largely unexplored megacity in Northeast China. The winter campaign conducted in January of 2021 was characterized by low temperatures rarely seen in other Chinese megacities (down to about −20 °C). The mass absorption efficiencies of BrC at 365 nm (MAE365) were found to be ~10 % higher at night. The variations of MAE365 could not be explained by the influence of residential biomass burning emissions or secondary aerosol formation, but were strongly associated with the changes of a diagnostic ratio for the relative importance of coal combustion and vehicle emissions (RS/N). Given that most coal combustion activities were uninterruptible, the higher nighttime MAE365 in winter were attributed primarily to increased emissions from heavy-duty diesel trucks. The spring campaign conducted in April of 2021 was characterized by frequent occurrences of agricultural fires, as supported by the intensive fire hotspots detected around Harbin and the more-than-doubled levoglucosan to organic carbon ratios (LG/OC) compared to winter campaign. In spring, MAE365 depended little on RS/N but exhibited a strong positive correlation with LG/OC, suggesting open burning emissions as the dominant influencing factor for BrC’s light absorption capacity. MAE365 were ~70 % higher at night for the spring campaign, pointing to the prevalence of nighttime agricultural fires, which were presumably in response to local bans on open burning. It is noteworthy that the agricultural fire emissions resulted in distinct peak at ~365 nm for the light absorption spectra of BrC, and a candidate for the compounds at play was inferred to be C7H7NO4. Due to the presence of the ~365 nm peak, the absorption Ångström exponents could not be properly determined for the agricultural fire-impacted samples. In addition, the ~365 nm peak became much less significant during the day, likely due to photo-bleaching of the relevant chromophores.
Dense water formation in the Eastern Mediterranean under global warming scenario
Authors: Parras-Berrocal Iván M. , Vazquez Ruben , Cabos William , Sein Dmitry V. , Álvarez Oscar , Bruno Miguel , Izquierdo Alfredo
Published: February 2023

Abstract. Dense water formation in the Eastern Mediterranean (EMed) is essential in sustaining the Mediterranean overturning circulation. Changes in the sources of dense water in the EMed point to changes in the circulation and the water properties of the Mediterranean Sea. Here we examine with a regional climate system model the changes in the dense water formation in the EMed through the twenty-first century under the RCP8.5 emission scenario. Our results show a shift in the dominant source of Eastern Mediterranean Deep Water (EMDW) from the Adriatic Sea to the Aegean Sea at the first half of twenty-first century. The projected dense water formation reduces by 75 % for the Adriatic Sea, 84 % for the Aegean Sea and 83 % for the Levantine Sea by the end of the century. The reduction in the intensity of deep water formation is related to hydrographic changes of surface and intermediate water, that strengthen the vertical stratification hampering the vertical mixing and thus the convection. Those changes have an impact on the water that flows through the Sicilian Strait to the Western Mediterranean and therefore on the whole Mediterranean system.
The biogeophysical effects of idealized land cover and land management changes in Earth System Models
Authors: De Hertog Steven Johan , Havermann Felix , Vanderkelen Inne , Guo Suqi , Luo Fei , Manola Iris , Coumou Dim , Davin Edouard Léopold , Duveiller Gregory , Lejeune Quentin , Pongratz Julia , Schleussner Carl-Friedrich , Seneviratne Sonia Isabelle , Thiery Wim
Published: February 2023

Abstract. Land cover and land management change (LCLMC) has been highlighted for its critical role in mitigation scenarios, both in terms of global mitigation and local adaptation. Yet, the climate effect of individual LCLMC options, their dependence on the background climate and the local vs. non-local responses are still poorly understood across different Earth System Models (ESMs). Here we simulate the climatic effects of LCLMC using three state-of-the-art ESMs, including the Community Earth System Model (CESM), the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology Earth System Model (MPI-ESM) and the European Consortium Earth System Model (EC-EARTH). We assess the LCLMC effects using four idealized experiments: (i) a fully afforested world, (ii) a world fully covered by cropland, (ii) a fully afforested world with extensive wood harvesting, and (iv) a full cropland world with extensive irrigation. In these idealized sensitivity experiments, performed under present-day climate conditions, the effects of the different LCLMC strategies represent an upper bound for the potential of global mitigation and local adaptation. To disentangle the local and non-local effects from the LCLMC, a checkerboard-like LCLMC perturbation, i.e., alternating grid boxes with and without LCLMC, is applied. The local effects of deforestation on surface temperature are largely consistent across the ESMs and the observations, with a cooling in boreal latitudes and a warming in the tropics. However, the energy balance components driving the change in surface temperature show less consistency across the ESMs and the observations. Additionally, some biases exist in specific ESMs, such as a strong albedo response in CESM mid-latitudes and a soil thawing driven warming in boreal latitudes in EC-EARTH. The non-local effects on surface temperature are broadly consistent across ESMs for afforestation, though larger model uncertainty exists for cropland expansion. Irrigation clearly induces a cooling effect, however; the ESMs disagree whether these are mainly local or non-local effects. Wood harvesting is found to have no discernible biogeophysical effects on climate. Our results overall underline the potential of ensemble simulations to inform decision making regarding future climate consequences of land-based mitigation and adaptation strategies.
Paramagnetic relaxivity of delocalized long-lived states of protons in chains of CH2 groups
Authors: Razanahoera Aiky , Sonnefeld Anna , Bodenhausen Geoffrey , Sheberstov Kirill
Published: February 2023

Abstract. Long-lived states (LLSs) have lifetimes TLLS that can
be much longer than longitudinal relaxation times T1. In molecules
containing several geminal pairs of protons in neighboring CH2 groups,
it has been shown that delocalized LLSs can be excited by converting magnetization into
imbalances between the populations of singlet and triplet states of each
pair. Since the empirical yield of the conversion and reconversion of
observable magnetization into LLSs and back is on the order of 10 % if one
uses spin-lock induced crossing (SLIC), it would be desirable to boost the
sensitivity by dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization (d-DNP). To enhance
the magnetization of nuclear spins by d-DNP, the analytes must be mixed with
radicals such as 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-oxyl (TEMPOL).
After dissolution, these radicals lead to an undesirable paramagnetic
relaxation enhancement (PRE) which shortens not only the longitudinal
relaxation times T1 but also the lifetimes TLLS of LLSs. It is
shown in this work that PRE by TEMPOL is less deleterious for LLSs than for
longitudinal magnetization for four different molecules:
2,2-dimethyl-2-silapentane-5-sulfonate (DSS), homotaurine, taurine, and
acetylcholine. The relaxivities rLLS (i.e., the slopes of the relaxation
rate constants RLLS as a function of the radical concentration) are 3 to
5 times smaller than the relaxivities r1 of longitudinal
magnetization. Partial delocalization of the LLSs across neighboring
CH2 groups may decrease this advantage, but in practice, this effect
was observed to be small, for example, when comparing taurine containing two
CH2 groups and homotaurine with three CH2 groups. Regardless of
whether the LLSs are delocalized or not, it is shown that PRE should not be a
major problem for experiments combining d-DNP and LLSs, provided the
concentration of paramagnetic species after dissolution does not exceed 1 mM, a condition that is readily fulfilled in typical d-DNP experiments. In
bullet d-DNP experiments however, it may be necessary to decrease the
concentration of TEMPOL or to add ascorbate for chemical reduction.
التناص الديني في شعر يونس البو سعيدي
Authors: معتز ناطق نايف
Published: February 2023

يعد الاقتباس من القرآن والسنة النبوية من ابرز مفاهيم التناص في الدراسات الادبية، فالشاعر يعمد إلى ما يشكل منه تفاعلاً خلاقاً ينقل عبره المعاناة والاحاسيس؛ وجسده الشاعر بوصف الادارة الفنية الكبرى في بناءه الشعري لإرتباطه بالتجارب الشعرية ولقد اكثر يونس البو سعيدي هذا الشاعر العماني من الاقتباس وما هذا إلا دليل على تأثره بهذا الجانب وانعكاس واضح لذاته وشاعريته فكانت عودة الشاعر إلى التراث القرآني عودة فنية لا تقوم على اساس التقليد والمتابعة ولا تدعو إلى المقاطعة والاهمال، وإنما تستلهم ذلك التراث في نتاجات ادبية متميزة جمعت بين الاصالة والمعاصرة.
مقادير الأجور وأثرها في الأسعار وتلبية متطلبات المعيشة في الدولة الإسلامية حتى نهاية القرن الثالث للهجرة
Authors: عادل عباس جسام  , هاشم صائب محمد
Published: February 2023

كنا قد استعرضنا في بحثنا هذا مقادير الأجور واثرها في الأسعار وتلبية متطلبات المعيشة حتى نهاية القرن (3 ه)، وقد توصلنا الى نتائج مهمة وليست قاطعة في هذا الاطار بناءاً على ما ورد من نصوص تاريخية تعضد هذه النتائج ومنها: انه لم تنهض مقادير الاجور التي يتقاضاها العاملون في القطاع الخاص في تلبية متطلبات العيش الجيد، وكان الكثير من اصحاب الحرف لا يحسدون على اوضاعهم المعاشية، وبخاصة في القرن الثالث الهجري / التاسع الميلادي، وهم من اكثر الفئات المتضررة لحالات صعود الاسعار لأي سبب كان لذا عدّهم البعض ضمن الفئات الدنيا في السلم الاجتماعي المعيشي، كما ان اهم ما جاء به الاسلام في الاطار الاقتصادي هو ضمان حد الكفاية للإنسان وتأمين العيش الكريم واللائق من خلال التشريعات التي لا تسمح بالتفريط بهذا الحد والانحدار الى حالة الفقر والعوز فيما سُمي بحد الكفاف وهو ملامسة الفقر الّا فيما يتصل بالحالات الاستثنائية كالحروب والمجاعات.
اسرة لوزجنان ودورها في الحروب الصليبية 573 هـ - 602 هـ / 1177 م – 1205 م
Authors: فضيلة حسن خلف
Published: February 2023

شهدت فترة الحروب الصليبية مساهمة العديد من الاسر الاوربية المعروفة بعراقتها وذات شهرة واسعة لاسيما تلك التي لديها سلطة حكم على بعض المدن والمقاطعات في مختلف دول اوربا الغربية او تلك التي ترتبط بصلات قربى او نسب بملوك اوربا، وكانت اسرة لوزجنان احدى هذه الاسر التي سجل لها التاريخ مساهمة في تلك الحروب بدءا من الجد الاعلى لهذه الاسرة وهو هيوغ السادس ثم عميد اسرة لوزجنان هيوغ الثامن لكنهما لم يحققا الشهرة كما حققها ابناءهم من الجيل الثاني وهم جاي لوزجنان واملريك وجودفري ابناء هيوغ الثامن. وكانت هذه الاسرة من الاسر النبيلة وقد حكمت مقاطعة بواتيه غرب فرنسا، وارتبطت هذه الاسرة برابطة القربى بملوك بريطانيا من ال بلانتجنت وهي اسرة الملك ريتشارد قلب الاسد، وبرز من هذه الاسرة أصغر ابنائها وهو جاي لوزيجنان بعد ان تزوج من الاميرة سيبيلا ابنة الملك عموري الاول ملك بيت المقدس.
THE EXTERNAL FACTORS' INFLUENCE ON THE TRANSPORT ENTERPRISE'S MANAGEMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND ECONOMIC SAFETY
Authors: Bakulich Olena , Holodenko Viktoriia
Published: February 2023

Improving the production capacity of modern transport enterprises requires increased attention to the environmental component of their activities. The close connection between the transport enterprises’ environmental and economic activities contributed to the formation and popularization of the concept of ecological and economic safety management. The conducted research allows us to identify the directions and features of the environmental factors’ influence on the ecological and economic safety management of transport enterprises. As part of the research, the legal framework in the field of environmental and economic safety management of a transport enterprise was studied, and the peculiarities of the influence of external environmental factors on the environmental and economic safety management of enterprises were analysed.

The purpose of the study is to explore the environmental factors that affect the management of environmental and economic safety of the enterprise. As part of achieving the goal, the following tasks were solved: groups of environmental factors affecting the ecological and economic safety management of the transport enterprise were identified; the primary importance of factors was determined; the legal framework in the field of environmental and economic safety of transport enterprises has been studied; the intricacies of the influence of environmental factors on the ecological and economic safety of transport enterprises were analysed. The conducted analysis of the environmental factors’ influence on the management of ecological and economic safety of transport enterprises can be used to form a system of indicators for assessing the level of ecological and economic safety of a transport enterprise, direct assessment and development of a mechanism for increasing the level of ecological and economic safety of a transport enterprise.
FINANCIAL GLOBALIZATION, ECONOMIC GROWTH AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN EMERGING ECONOMY
Authors: Olunuga Adeshola
Published: February 2023

This research analysed the impact of globalisation on Nigeria's economic growth and sustainable development. Financial globalisation has paved the opportunity for corporations and governments to get access to competitive sources of foreign funds. Rather than depending on investors in the domestic financial markets corporate entities and governments can take advantage of international investors in the global financial markets for essential money. The research utilised time series data. Data pertaining to economic growth and development were analysed utilising pertinent statistical data analysis methodologies. According to the research completed, it can be stated that financial globalisation influences economic growth and sustainable development in Nigeria. Due to access to external sources of capital, the study concluded that stringent regulation and strong policies on the part of regulators are required to sustain the benefits of financial globalisation.
Individualitás és személyesség
Authors:   Pázmány Péter Katolikus Egyetem, Gájer László
Published: February 2023

In this study, I am in search of the limits of the Christian definition of the human person. I could have drawn on the ideas of countless authors, but I have drawn intuitively on the ideas of Emmanuel Mounier, Jacques Maritain, Béla Hamvas, Simone Weil, and János Pilinszky. The person is a dynamic being open to the infinite and ultimately to God, who is man’s widest horizon of existence. Being a person inevitably implies the potential possession of the infinite in man.
Az erdélyi katolikus oktatás kérdése a két világháború között a Szentszék és Románia közötti kapcsolatokban
Authors:   Universitatea Babeş-Bolyai, András Szabolcs
Published: February 2023

In this article, I present the development of the Hungarian-language Catholic education in Transylvania in the context of the diplomatic relations between the Romanian Kingdom and the Holy See. My conclusion is that this period consists of two parts: Until the signing of the Concordat in 1927, the Holy See favored Romanian expectations in the hope that that Greek Catholic influence would grow in the country. However, the Concordat had no such effect, so in the second part, from 1932, the Holy See was more open to the problems of Hungarian speaking Roman Catholics. This turning point made it possible to preserve most of the denominational schools in this region.
Peran Penting Manajemen Rantai Pasokan Dalam Meningkatkan Kualitas Produksi pada Pabrik Mie di Palangka Raya
Authors: Tunjang Hansly
Published: February 2023

Tujuan, - Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat pengaruh praktik-praktik supply chain management terhadap kualitas produksi pada Industri mie di Palangka Raya.

Desain/Methodologi/Pendekatan – Penelitian kuantitatif dengan populasi pada pasar kameluh/satu lokasi dengan sampel/responden berjumlah 35 responden yang tidak lain merupakan pemilik atau manajer dari industri tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik analisis statistic, metode deskriptif dan regresi linear berganda. Penyebaran kuesioner dengan sampel dari satu populasi dan menggunakan kuesioner sebagai alat pengumpulan data utama melalui program SPSS 21.

Temuan penelitian – Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan pengaruh yang signifikan secara parsial antara Variabel Strategic Supplier Partnership terhadap kualitas produksi. Kebaruan dalam penelitian adalah kualitas produksi dalam meningkatkan keunggulan bersaing produk dalam tingkat produksi.
On Intractability in G-Class of Lifetime Probability Distributions: Properties and Applications
Authors: J.E. Okoh , V.E. Udochukwu , K.G. Emwinloghosa , J.N. Akpome , R.M. Ugochukwu
Published: February 2023

This research seeks to project the relevance of incorporating intractability in G-Class probability model development. Juchez distribution represents intractability among the conventional tractable distributions, as comparatively studied in their different G-Class dimensions. Some properties were derived; although nonintegrable properties really were a confirmation note to the intractable nature of the distribution. The L-shape hazard function as a special feature across the G-Class derived distributions suggests that the distribution is fit to model outcomes that do not wear out as time or cycle elapses. Finally, the performance comparison reveals that intractability could be embraced in the development of probability models, as the derived distributions showed to be a better fit than the existing G-class baseline-tractable distributions.
Microwave Induced Synthesis of 1,2,4-triazole derivatives and Study of their Anthelmintic and Anti-microbial Activities
Authors: Chandra Panda Krishna , Ravi Kumar B.V.V , Mohan Sahoo Biswa
Published: February 2023

Microwave-assisted chemical reactions are utilized as an emerging tool in drug synthesis as this technique is simple, economic, and efficient. So, a new series of 1,2,4-triazole derivatives are obtained via multi-component reactions under microwave irradiation. First of all, benzohydrazide was obtained by esterification of benzoyl chloride with methanol in presence of concentrated sulphuric acid followed by reaction with hydrazine hydrate. So, carbon disulfide was added dropwise to benzohydrazide in ethanolic potassium hydroxide solution to yield potassium dithiocarbazinate which was cyclized by reacting with hydrazine hydrate to afford 1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol. Further, various Schiff’s bases were prepared by reacting 1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol with different substituted benzaldehydes under microwave irradiations. The characterization of the newly synthesized triazole derivatives were carried out by spectral studies including FT-IR, 1H-NMR, and LC-MS. The tested compounds exhibited significant in-vitro anthelmintic and antimicrobial activities as compared to the standard drugs.
Identification and Quantification of six natural compounds from Picrorhiza kurroa leaf extract and their Antibacterial and Antioxidant activity
Authors: Singh Gajender , Bisht Dheeraj , Kamal Kant Arya Rajeshwar , Kumar Sunil , Kumar Deepak , K. Dash Ashutosh
Published: February 2023

Picrorhiza kurroa (kutki) is a hairy herb belonging to Plantaginaceae/ Scropulariacea family and found in some parts of India (Kashmir to Sikkim), Nepal, and China.They found application in various ailments such as inflammation, antioxidant activity, asthmatic activity, hepatic activity, etc. The compound constituents using HPLC retrieved the presence of eighteen compounds. HPTLC analysis confirmed and quantified the presence of six major compounds. The quantity of diosgenin was found to be (2.80%) maximum followed by chlorogenic acid (2.70% w/w of extract) in the DCM/Methanol leaf extract. Antibacterial activity was performed using the zone of inhibition method for eight different leaf extracts of Picrorhiza kurroa. Among the extracts, ethyl acetate extract showed good potency in terms of zone of inhibition (13.33±1.52) against S. aureus whereas n-butanol extract showed good potency (12.01±1.00) against S. mutans, acetone extracts showed good potency (16.66±.47) against E. coli, acetone extracts showed good potency (11.33±1.52) against K. pneumoniae and acetone extracts showed good potency (11.00±1.00) against P. aeruginosa. Methanol extract showed good antioxidant activity (41.3±3.1µg/ml) whereas n-hexane showed the least (389.5±1.3µg/ml). Chlormphenicol and Ascorbic acid were taken as standard in the antibacterial and antioxidant study. IC50 values were calculated from the known protocol.
Utilization of Hydrotropic Solubilisation Technique for Quantitative Studies of Dexamethasone in Pharmaceutical preparations
Authors: Karajgi Santosh , Hajeri Sameersing , Potadar Shripad
Published: February 2023

Solubility is a crucial characteristic for achieving the appropriate drug concentration in the systemic circulation and demonstrating pharmacological response. Poor water solubility can severely limit drug efficacy, and some medications can even cause negative effects as a result of their poor solubility. Enhancing water solubility can be done through several of methods. Increased water solubility can thus be a beneficial technique for enhancing therapeutic effectiveness and/or reducing side effects. This is true for solutions that are given intravenously, topically, or orally. Increasing the aqueous solubility of drugs that are weakly water soluble can be done in a variety of techniques. Hydrotropy is a solubility enhancement technique that uses hydrotropes such as sodium benzoate, sodium salicylate, sodium citrate, urea, ibuprofen sodium, and niacin amide to improve the solubility of poorly water-soluble drugs. Hydrotropic solubilization was employed in this study to solubilize weakly water-soluble drug like Dexamethasone utilizing hydrotropic agents like sodium benzoate (2M) and sodium salicylate (2M). Dexamethasone has maximum absorbance at 272.05nm, when sodium benzoate is used as a hydrotropic agent. In the 5-25 µg/ml concentration range, this substance follows the beers law. Dexamethasone shows maximum absorbance at 317.10nm, when sodium salicylate is used as a hydrotropic agent. In the concentrations ranging from 5 to 25µg/ml, this substance follows the beers law. The findings of studies have been statistically confirmed, as well as by re-examination studies. According to the ICH guidelines, validation parameters such as linearity, range, and assay were investigated.
Challenges with Management of Autoimmune Polyendocrinopathy-Candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy in Group of Iraqi patients
Authors: Fadhil Ridha Muneera , Al zubaidi Munib Ahmed
Published: February 2023

Background: Autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasisectodermal dystrophy is a rare disease with heterogenous presentation, its diagnosis and management make a challenge in our medical practice.
Aim: To describe the variability of autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy (APECED) presentation and management in a group of pediatric Iraqi patients and define some measures for promoting recognition and adequate management of patients. Patients and Methods: We included 27 patients (24 families) with APECED (median age at diagnosis was 7 years; range 2 years – 12 years) 11 males and 16 Females, their medical records were reviewed and then followed up for a period from 2001 and 2021. The diagnosis of the disease was made by the presence of at least two major clinical features, prospectively Patients were scheduled for followed up visits every 6–12 months in our hospital. Full evaluation including monitoring for the presence of the new disease manifestations and treatment of every component was conducted semiannually. Results: The percentages of females more than the male. More patients have a negative family history and positive consanguinity. Patients with hypocalcemic fits and Addison crisis are the largest percentage of patients (59.3%, 18.5% consequently). The difference in median age and interquartile range between the three main features of disease was compared and were significant, p-value = 0.02. The mortality rate was 11.1% and 57% of patients reported difficulty in compliance with the follow-up program. Conclusion: The disease although it is rare and had very important major and minor autoimmune manifestations that can be life-threatening if it is not well promptly diagnosed and treated. Evidently many measures can be taken in order to improve its diagnosis and management.
Novel Approaches of Polyherbal Matrix Tablet and its Evaluation Parameters
Authors: Quadri Neha , Akhtar Md. Semimul
Published: February 2023

According to WHO, approximately 80 percent of people in developing countries still rely on traditional medicine, which is based primarily on plant and animal species, for primary health care. Because of the toxicity and side effects of allopathic drugs, herbal therapy is becoming more popular. Medicinal plants are crucial in the development of powerful therapeutic agents. Natural products derived from plants, animals, and minerals have long been used to treat human disease Plant medicines are frequently used in combination rather than alone to maximise the benefit of their combined strength. Because of synergism, polyherbalism provides a variety of benefits not found in single herbal formulations. Polymers are the building blocks of a pharmaceutical drug delivery system because they control drug release from the device. Polymers are used to protect drugs from the physiological environment and to extend their release time in order to improve their stability. This review focuses on matrix tablets, which are one of the most practical methods for developing sustained-release dosage forms, as well as the approaches used in their formulation and evaluation. The therapeutic efficacy of a sustained release matrix tablet with improved efficacy can be increased. It also emphasizes the significance of polyherbalism and matrix Tablet.
Phytochemical, Antioxidant and Antidiabetic properties of Senna alexandrina Leaf Extract
Authors: Rosmalena Rosmalena , Senlia Aldo O. , Muhammad Hanafi , Artanti Nina , Eldafira Eldafira , Handayani Supri I. , Lotulung Puspa D. , Hartati Sri , Elya Berna , Zulfa Astri , Prasasty Vivitri D.
Published: February 2023

Diabetes is a growing problem in modern times. Treating diabetes can be done using various ways, from traditional to modern methods. Herbal medicine is a traditional form of medication. Herbs can be used to treat diabetes, such as Senna alexandrina. The effects of herbal medicine are linked with the solvent used. In making a herbal drink on an industrial and private scale, the solvent used is ethanol and water. This study aimed to determine the best solvent to produce antioxidant and antidiabetic effects from S. alexandrina leaves. In vitro analysis using DPPH and α-glucosidase enzyme was done to find the antioxidant and antidiabetic properties. S. alexandrina leaves were macerated using ethanol and water. All extract was screened for phytochemical contents, and the bioactive compounds were profiled using LC-MS/MS. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were determined using gallic acid and quercetin as standard compounds. S. alexandrina leaves showed antioxidant and antidiabetic properties. Ethanol 50% extract showed the best antioxidant and antidiabetic properties, followed by ethanol and water extracts. The IC50 value of the antidiabetic activity of ethanol 50% was 33.151 µg/mL and the IC50 value of antioxidant power was 160.502 µg/mL. The bioactive compounds were profiled in this extract including torachrysone-8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, oroxin B, 3-O-[β-D-glucopyra-nosyl-(12)]-β-D-glucopyranosyl-kaempferol, 7-hydroxy-1-methoxy-2-methoxyxanthone, rhamnetin dan rubilactone.
Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh tăng trưởng kinh tế gắn với phát triển văn hóa trong thời kỳ đổi mới và hội nhập quốc tế
Authors: Nguyễn Thị Hồng Nhung
Published: February 2023

Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh là trung tâm kinh tế của cả nước. Bên cạnh sự phát triển mạnh mẽ về kinh tế, Thành phố còn chú trọng phát triển đồng thời các lĩnh vực khác, đặc biệt là văn hóa. Phát triển văn hóa và phát triển kinh tế là hai yếu tố có mối tương quan đặc biệt trong quá trình Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh xây dựng thành phố văn minh, hiện đại, nghĩa tình. Chủ trương phát triển văn hóa đồng bộ với phát triển kinh tế, chú trọng chăm lo đời sống nhân dân, nhất là người nghèo của Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh trong thời kì đổi mới được thực hiện có hiệu quả cao. Trên cơ sở nhìn nhận khái quát những hạn chế của quá trình tăng trưởng kinh tế gắn với phát triển văn hóa của Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh, bài viết đề xuất những giải pháp đảm bảo sự phát triển hài hòa về kinh tế và văn hóa trong tương lai.
Truyện ngắn Người cóc của Nguyễn Thị Diệp Mai từ góc nhìn hậu hiện đại
Authors: Bùi Ngọc Luyến
Published: February 2023

Chủ nghĩa hậu hiện đại là một hiện tượng văn hóa tinh thần khởi nguồn ở phương Tây từ nửa sau thế kỉ XX. Tuy xuất hiện khá lâu ở phương Tây nhưng tại Việt Nam nó chỉ mới được quan tâm tìm hiểu khoảng hơn chục năm trở lại đây. Trong văn học, chủ nghĩa hậu hiện đại gắn với sự khủng hoảng đức tin, sự thất vọng về thực tại và con người tha hóa, cùng sự “giải ảo tưởng”, “phản huyễn tưởng” và tính đa nguyên văn hóa; nó vừa phủ nhận, vừa tiếp nhận và biến đổi những nguyên tắc của chủ nghĩa hiện đại, đồng thời kết hợp được tính bình dân, dân chủ với tính tinh tuyển, “bác học” của văn chương. Việc vận dụng lý thuyết văn học hậu hiện đại vào trong sáng tác của các nhà văn Việt Nam ngày càng diễn ra sôi nổi. Tinh thần hậu hiện đại đã soi chiếu vào tư duy của nhiều nhà văn trong đó có Nguyễn Thị Diệp Mai. Truyện ngắn “Người cóc” của nhà văn Nguyễn Thị Diệp Mai là một trong những tác phẩm mang đậm dấu ấn hậu hiện đại, nó được thể hiện qua các phương diện như phi đại tự sự, liên văn bản, kết cấu lắp ghép, phân mảnh.
Thơ Khmer - Tình hình sáng tác và nghiên cứu hiện nay
Authors: Lê Thị Diễm Phúc
Published: February 2023

Thơ Khmer là một trong những thể loại văn học thành văn tiêu biểu của đồng bào dân tộc Khmer với số lượng tác phẩm khá phong phú, nội dung phản ánh đa dạng đời sống sinh hoạt, văn hóa của đồng bào Khmer Nam Bộ. Việc sáng tác và nghiên cứu các tác phẩm thơ Khmer đã và đang được giới học thuật quan tâm và tiến hành trong những năm gần đây. Trong bài viết này, chúng tôi điểm lại những thành tựu nổi bật trong công tác sáng tác và nghiên cứu khai thác các giá trị thơ Khmer trong thời gian qua. Từ cơ sở đó, bài viết cũng định hướng một số triển vọng nghiên cứu mới về thơ Khmer trong thời gian tới.
Nhu cầu học nghề của trẻ em lao động sớm tại tỉnh An Giang
Authors: Lê Thị Hồng Hạnh
Published: February 2023

Nghiên cứu nhằm xác định nhu cầu học nghề, và định hướng nghề nghiệp của trẻ em từ 14 đến dưới 18 tuổi có nguy cơ hoặc tham gia lao động sớm ở tỉnh An Giang. Dữ liệu của nghiên cứu được thu thập từ 136 trẻ em có nguy cơ hoặc tham gia lao động sớm ở huyện Châu Phú, huyện Chợ Mới, huyện An Phú và thành phố Châu Đốc thông qua cách tiếp cận điều tra xã hội học. Kết quả khảo sát cho thấy, đa số trẻ từ 14 đến dưới 18 tuổi có nguy cơ hoặc tham gia lao động trẻ em đều mong muốn được học nghề và định hướng nghề nghiệp của các em chủ yếu là các nhóm ngành nghề liên quan đến kỹ thuật. Các giải pháp nâng cao hiệu quả tham vấn hướng nghiệp và hỗ trợ đào tạo nghề phù hợp với nhu cầu học nghề của nhóm trẻ này được đề xuất nhằm mục đích tạo khả năng có việc làm bền vững cho các em khi đến tuổi lao động cũng như nâng cao hiệu quả đào tạo nghề, góp phần hạn chế di cư và giảm thiểu lao động trẻ em tại địa bàn nghiên cứu.
Rèn luyện kỹ năng hợp tác cho trẻ 5-6 tuổi thông qua hoạt động khám phá khoa học ở trường mầm non
Authors: Trần Nguyễn Thị Như Mai
Published: February 2023

Rèn luyện kỹ năng hợp tác cho trẻ là nhiệm vụ cần thiết và quan trọng trong quá trình thực hiện mục tiêu giáo dục mầm non, hướng đến việc phát triển năng lực giao tiếp xã hội cho trẻ, giúp trẻ có cơ hội rèn luyện và phát triển kỹ năng làm việc cùng nhau để có thể cùng thực hiện nhiệm vụ hiệu quả nhất. Bài viết đề cập tới các khái niệm về hợp tác, biểu hiện của kỹ năng hợp tác của trẻ 5-6 tuổi qua hoạt động khám phá khoa học, nêu ra một số thuận lợi  khó khăn khi rèn kỹ năng hợp tác cho trẻ 5-6 tuổi. Chúng tôi đã đề xuất các biện pháp rèn luyện kỹ năng hợp tác cho trẻ 5-6 tuổi qua hoạt động khám phá khoa học ở trường mầm non  như: lựa chọn các nội dung giáo dục phù hợp từ chương trình giáo dục mầm non đang hiện hành; xây dựng môi trường phong phú đa dạng; tạo điều kiện cho trẻ chia sẻ kinh nghiệm hợp tác; rèn kỹ năng hợp tác cho trẻ thông qua các tình huống. Các biện pháp này sẽ góp phần nâng cao hiệu quả giáo dục kỹ năng hợp tác cho trẻ.
Xây dựng phong cách diễn đạt Hồ Chí Minh cho đội ngũ cán bộ, đảng viên hiện nay
Authors: Lê Đức Thọ
Published: February 2023

Bài viết nghiên cứu về phong cách diễn đạt Hồ Chí Minh. Nội dung phong cách diễn đạt Hồ Chí Minh thể hiện ở ngôn ngữ diễn đạt và phi ngôn ngữ (hành động). Ngôn ngữ diễn đạt của Hồ Chí Minh là đúng đối tượng, hoàn cảnh, mục đích và phương pháp; giản dị, dễ hiểu, dễ nhớ; ngắn gọn, hàm súc; chân thực; sinh động, gần gũi. Diễn đạt phi ngôn ngữ (hành động) của Hồ Chí Minh là nói đi đôi với làm và nêu gương về đạo đức. Bài viết cũng đề xuất một số giải pháp nhằm xây dựng phong cách diễn đạt Hồ Chí Minh cho đội ngũ cán bộ, đảng viên ở nước ta hiện nay.
Transformation from Business to Personal Strategy with a Focus on Retirement
Authors: ZIF JEHIEL
Published: February 2023

The paper outlines a transformation of various concepts from business to personal strategy with a focus on retirement: type of strategy, multiple objectives, product life cycle and prediction, strategy development, direction and concentration of effort, strategy implementation and performance evaluation, change readiness and corrective action.We propose that conceiving together a personal strategy and change readiness is a logical way to combine deliberate planning with flexible tuning to unanticipated events. In similarity to business, multiple objectives are essential for achieving life satisfaction. Priority among these objectives needs to be modified according to retirement life stages, which are reviewed. The paper presents an approach to assessing the decision to concentrate on various life satisfaction objectives versus enjoyment in the here and now.Three stages of change readiness with adaptation to retirement situations are outlined: trigger identification, preparation for action, and mode of action. Even with high inertia at an advanced age, it is better to change before one has to, and the paper offers some insight about the way this can be accomplished.Recent research publications on longevity and happiness point to the value of planning and the role of relationships. These findings fit the strategic approach to retirement. In conclusion, we support the notion that life satisfaction, happiness, and longevity are determined more by plan than by luck.
The mental Image of Zain Sudan telecommunication Services company
Authors: Babiker Salih Dr. Abdlegadir Elnour
Published: February 2023

The researcher used descriptive analysis method and used random sampling method , findings discovered by chance during the investigation , which are the best methods in this kind of research. The research include that the company's failure to communicate with customers about their perceptions and trends and company's concepts, values and reputation., a lack of interest in research and opinion polls , long waiting time to connect to customer services , in addition to unusual increases pricing in internet packages and phone bills have led a large number of customers to announce partial boycott in response to those increases.

The company has made concrete and practical efforts to build a brand that ha affirm hold in the eyes of the public and realizes (zain is beautiful world) , it's doubtless paradoxical that the company sends text messages of an advertising nature to private companies and institutions that harass customers through a series of paid ads. The customer services staff of the company are patient and respectful towards the subscribers , which shows that they know the caller's psychology in advance and have taste when dealing with them. Social responsibility programs are listed as a top priority of the company .
社區老年族群中貧血與肌少症之相關性研究--以台北市為例
Authors: 張文寧 張文寧 , Wen-Ning Chang 陳美如
Published: February 2023

目的：已知罹患肌少症之風險會隨著年齡增長、老化而顯著提升，貧血在老年族群中也是常見之臨床問題，故本研究旨在探討社區老年人口貧血與肌少症之相關性。

方法：本橫斷性研究之樣本為自2014年3月至2015年6月期間、於台北市某區域醫院接受免費成人健檢、65歲以上之老年族群。肌少症之診斷依2019年亞洲肌少症診治共識訂定（合併低肌肉力量與質量），血液中血紅素濃度在男性小於13 g/dL、女性小於12 g/dL則為貧血。統計部分以二元羅吉斯迴歸檢定進行分析，並校正多種潛在風險因子如性別、年齡、BMI、吸菸、喝酒、運動習慣、慢性病史、憂鬱症及失智症之篩檢結果等，也再將受試者依性別分組後進行次群體分析。

結果：本研究共1,222名受試者中，742名(60.7%)為女性。於肌少症組別中，25.2%具貧血，無肌少症組則僅有8.9%有貧血，達統計上之顯著差異(p<0.001)。經校正之二元羅吉斯迴歸分析顯示，貧血之受試者較無貧血者有較高之肌少症風險(OR 1.99, 95% CI 1.30-3.05)。次群體分析中，女性組別內、具貧血之受試者與無貧血者相比，罹患肌少症的風險同樣較高(OR 2.10, 95% CI 1.18-3.73)，但於男性組卻無此發現。

結論：本研究顯示於65歲以上之社區老年族群中，貧血與肌少症具正相關性，女性尤為顯著。

 

Purpose: Sarcopenia has been known to be associated with older people. Since anemia was also prevalent in older adults, our study aimed to analyze the association between anemia and sarcopenia among community-dwelling older individuals.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study using data collected during a free annual health exam for older adults in Taipei between March 2014 and July 2015. Participants were diagnosed with sarcopenia, as defined by the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 consensus. Anemia was diagnosed when serum hemoglobin concentrations were less than 13 g/dL in men or 12 g/dL in women. Binary logistic regression analysis was conducted to investigate the relationship between anemia and sarcopenia, after adjustment for potential confounding variables including demographic characteristics (sex and age), lifestyle factors (status of smoking and alcohol drinking), physical activity, health conditions (body mass index [BMI] and comorbidities) and the results of screening tests for dementia and depression. Subgroup analyses, stratified by sex, were also performed.

Results: Among 1,222 older participants, 60.7% were women. Among patients with sarcopenia, 25.2% had anemia, whereas among those without sarcopenia, only 8.9% had anemia (p<0.001). Binary logistic regression analyses, adjusted for other covariates, demonstrated that participants with anemia had an increased risk of sarcopenia compared with those without anemia (odds ratio [OR] 1.99, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.30-3.05). In the subgroup analysis, a higher OR was observed for the anemia group compared with the non-anemia group in women (OR 2.10, 95% CI 1.18-3.73) but not men.

Conclusion: The study results showed a significant association between anemia and sarcopenia in individuals older than 65 years, especially women. These insights have implications for interventions to prevent sarcopenia development.

 
以間歇性非典型腰痛表現之攝護腺癌合併多處骨轉移--個案報告
Authors: 馬筱淇 馬筱淇 , Hsiao-Chi Ma 林文榮 , Wun-Rong Lin 陳冬英 , Tung-Ying Chen 鍾嫈嫈 , Jin-Jin Tjung 詹欣隆
Published: February 2023

一名有腎結石病史的55歲男性，約2週前開始出現騎摩托車時震動引起雙側間歇性腰痛而至家庭醫學科門診就診。尿液分析無異常，腹部X光(KUB)沿著泌尿系統的區域也沒有結石影像。但意外發現雙側髂骨以及側面腰薦椎X光多處腰椎椎體呈現成骨性病灶。因合併prostate-specific antigen)升高，在高度懷疑攝護腺癌合併多處骨轉移之下，個案轉診至泌尿科進一步檢查，經直腸超音波導引攝護腺切片和骨骼掃描確診為攝護腺癌合併多處骨轉移。

本文總結了有關腰痛鑑別診斷和攝護腺癌骨轉移表現的文獻。由於腰痛是基層醫業常見的主訴，本病例報告應有助於提醒基層醫師，非典型腰痛病人應考慮可能致命的攝護腺癌骨轉移，尤其是合併出現任何危險信號的中年男性。

 

We reported a 55-year-old man with a history of renal stone who experienced for two weeks intermittent bilateral flank pain, which was precipitated by vibration when riding a motorcycle. He later went to a family medicine department for further examination. Urinary analysis showed no specific finding, and the KUB disclosed no radiopaque along the supposed urinary territory. However, numerous osteoblastic lesions at bilateral iliac bone and multiple lumbar vertebral bodies were accidentally found on the X-ray of the lumbosacral spine lateral view. Due to an elevated prostate-specific antigen level, he was referred to the urological department. Prostate cancer with multiple bone metastases was first suspected and later diagnosed by transrectal ultrasound guided prostate biopsy and bone scan.

The literature on differential diagnosis of flank pain and presentation of prostate cancer with bone metastasis were reviewed herein. Because flank pain is a common complaint in primary care, this case report should help remind primary physicians to consider the potentially fatal prostate cancer with bone metastasis for patients with atypical flank pain, especially for middle-aged patients complicated with red flag signs.

 
Incidence of Complication of Ectropion and Entropion in Transconjunctival and Subciliary Approach for Treatment of ZMC Fracture
Authors: Bhatti Muhammad Ahsan , Riaz Erum , Razi Afifa , Ahmed Sufyan , Ahsan Faiza , Nadeem Rutaba
Published: February 2023

Objectives: The purpose of the study was to assess the frequencies of problems associated with ectropion and entropion whether the subciliary or transconjunctival technique is employed to repair ZMC fractures. Methodology: 50 patients with ZMC fractures who underwent surgical treatment in Abbottabad's Ayub Medical College and Teaching Hospitals in 2021–2022 were included in this prospective hospital-based research. Pure ZMC Fractures were required for inclusion, while prior lid laxity, prevalence of trauma-related lid abnormalities, and pan face fractures were required for exclusion. Results: 50 patients in all were engaged over the study's time frame; 28 patients received surgery using the sub ciliary route, with a mean delay of 11.25 days amongst the trauma & the operation, & 22 patients’ used the trans conjunctival method, with a mean delay of 30.60 days. Twelve of the patients with ectropion were men and two were women. Men made up both of the entropion patients. Male patients made up more of the sub ciliary approach group (82%, 22/28) than female patients (18%, 6/28). 14% of patients (3/22) in the transconjunctival approach group were female, whereas 97% (19/22) were male. The gender distribution of the patients in the two clusters did not vary statistically significantly (p=0.12). Conclusion: In terms of postoperative issues like entropion and ectropion, the study's findings revealed that there is no discernible variance amongst the transconjunctival technique and the subciliary technique. It was challenging to draw any conclusions from this study's findings due to the time and patient constraints. Hence, it is advised to repeat the study with a bigger sample size in mandate to obtain more reliable results. Keywords: Transconjunctival approach, Subciliary approach, Road traffic accident (Rta)
EVALUATION OF THE MICROBIAL TOXICITIES OF 4, 5-DICHLOROIMIDAZOLE AND ITS MN (II), NI (II), AND ZN (II) COMPLEXES
Authors: Emwanta  , Ngochindo D. O., , Odokuma R. I., , C. O L. O.  Eruteya,
Published: February 2023

4, 5-Dichloroimidazole (4,5-DCI) was synthesized, recrystallized from water and characterized using spectroscopic methods. It was screened for its antimicrobial activities against five bacterial strains namely: Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus strain CF7, Bacillus thuringensis strain EB151, Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain 335K55, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain PG1. These microorganisms were very sensitive to the compound. Their sensitivities were increased appreciably by the Ni2+ and Mn2+ complexes of 4,5-dichloroimidazole and reduced by its Zn2+ complex. The sensitivities of these microorganisms towards these compounds were higher than their sensitivities towards Levofloxacin – a reference antibacterial.
SYNTHESES AND ANTIMICROBIAL EVALUATION OF BROMINATED IMIDAZOLE AND ITS CO (II), CU(II), MN(II), NI(II), AND ZN(II) COMPLEXES
Authors: D. O. Emwanta , R. I. Ngochindo , L. O. Odokuma, , O. C Eruteya,
Published: February 2023

2, 4, 5-tribromoimidazole (tbi) was synthesized and its structure was elucidated using spectroscopic methods. its co(ii), cu(ii), mn(ii), ni(ii), and zn(ii) complexes were synthesized and their antimicrobial activities were evaluated against escherichia coli, bacillus cereus strain cf7, bacillus thuringensis strain eb151, pseudomonas aeruginosa strain 335k55, pseudomonas aeruginosa strain pg1, and candida albicans. these compounds were all inactive to both strains of pseudomonas spp. antimicrobial activities of these compounds is found to be in the order tbi > cu[tbi] > cr[tbi] > ni[tbi] > mn[tbi] > zn[tbi] > co[tbi]. the activity of tbi was reduced upon complexation by all the metal ions used.
SYNTHESES AND EVALUATION OF THE ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES OF HALOGENATED IMIDAZOLES AND THEIR MN(II), NI(II), AND ZN(II) COMPLEXES
Authors: D. O. Emwanta,
Published: February 2023

4, 5-Dichloroimidazole (4, 5-DCI) and 2, 4,5-Tribromoimidazole were synthesized, recrystallized from the appropriate solvents and characterized using spectroscopic methods. They were screened for their antimicrobial activities against five bacterial strains namely: Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus strain CF7, Bacillus thuringensis strain EB151, Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain 335K55, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain PG1. These microorganisms were very sensitive to the compounds. Their sensitivities were increased appreciably by the Ni2+ and Mn2+ complexes of 4, 5-dichloroimidazole and reduced by its Zn2+ complex. Their sensitivities towards 2, 4, 5-tribromoimdazole were either greatly reduced or totally lost upon complexation. The differences in these sensitivities are attributed majorly to the halogens as the metal ions are common to both ligands.
PREVALENCE OF MALARIA USING TWO RAPID DIAGNOSTIC TEST KIT IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF MALARIA IN GOMBE STATE, NIGERIA.
Authors: A.A. Godwin , I.D Sunday
Published: February 2023

This study aims at evaluating the comparative diagnostic efficiencies of two commercially available kits in relation to microscopy in detecting Plasmodium falciparum HRP-2, a polyhistidine antigen in urine and blood of febrile patients for malaria diagnosis along with blood based RDTs. This was an observational study in which matched blood and urine from  symptomatic patients were tested for malaria using two rapid tests, with microscopy as gold standard in the outpatient clinic of Federal Teaching Hospital Gombe, Gombe state North Eastern Nigeria  were enrolled who presented with fever (≥37.5°C). Thick films were prepared, stained and examined for malaria parasite under the microscope using the oil immersion objective while urine samples as well as blood were taken and immediately tested using RDTs.

With the blood smear microscopy as standard, the disease prevalence was 68.4% and sensitivity for the UMT and SD Bio line (Blood RDT) was 70.1% respectively. The RDT had a specificity of 96.3% as well as the positive and negative predictive values were 97.6% and 59.7% respectively. The rapid diagnostic kits showed moderate level of sensitivity compared with blood smear microscopy as they show considerable acceptable levels in the diagnosis of malaria.