bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Utility of the GerdQ questionnaire in detecting gastroesophageal symptoms with RA patients
Authors: Nozaki Yuji , Kishimoto Kazuya , Tomita Daisuke , Itami Tetsu , Ashida Chisato , Kinoshita Koji , Matsumura Itaru
Published: December 2024

Objective

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) affects multiple organ systems, including the esophagus. Moreover, one of the major side effects of methotrexate (MTX) is gastrointestinal disorders, which are said to affect medication adherence. We investigated the rate of MTX use, dosage, and the use of glucocorticoids (GCs) and oral non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in relation to gastroesophageal (GE) symptoms, and whether they influence RA disease activity.

Methods

This study utilized the GerdQ questionnaire to analyze the influence of GE symptoms on RA disease activity and medication adherence. A total of 558 RA patients participated. On the day of the GerdQ questionnaire, data on age, gender, disease duration, RA disease activity, lab results, and lifestyle factors such as smoking history and alcohol consumption were recorded. Detailed drug information on conventional synthetic DMARDs (csDMARDs), biologic/targeted synthetic DMARDs (b/tsDMARDs), glucocorticoids, and NSAIDs were extracted from medical records. Propensity score matching adjusted patient background characteristics.

Results

Before matching, patients with moderate to high disease activity had higher GE symptoms (12.7% vs. 25.6%). After matching, higher GerdQ scores were correlated with increased tender joint counts 28 (TJC28) and worse visual analog scale (VAS) scores. Oral MTX usage was similar, but the dosage was significantly lower in the group with higher GerdQ scores (51.4% vs. 50.8% and 7.7 ± 2.4 mg/wks vs. 6.5 ± 2.6 mg/wks, p < 0.05*).

Conclusions

GE symptoms significantly impact MTX treatment and patient-reported outcomes such as TJC28 and VAS in RA disease activity, highlighting their importance in RA treatment strategies. For clinicians, the study’s results will emphasize the importance of monitoring and managing GE symptoms in RA patients, particularly those on MTX therapy. Furthermore, the data could provide a basis for future studies that explore targeted interventions to mitigate GE symptoms and enhance medication adherence, potentially improving RA outcomes.
A comprehensive analysis of the expression and prognostic significance of signal transducers and activators of transcription family in gastric cancer patients
Authors: Fu Denggang , Zhang Biyu , Sun Jinghui , Feng Jueping
Published: December 2024

Background

Understanding the role of the STAT family in gastric cancer (GC) is essential for developing targeted therapies and improving patient outcomes. However, comprehensive analysis of STAT expression and its prognostic significance in GC is limited. This study aims to address this gap by examining STAT expression in normal and GC tissues and evaluating its prognostic value across clinical subgroups.

Methods

STAT mRNA expression levels were compared between tumor and normal tissues using fold change analysis. Kaplan–Meier curves assessed the correlation between STAT expression and clinical outcomes, with statistical significance determined by the Log-rank test and hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals. Subset analyses evaluated STAT expression across GC subtypes and its prognostic value, including in patients with oncogenic mutations.

Results

Most STAT family members, except STAT4, showed increased expression in GC tissues compared to normal tissues, consistent across various clinical subgroups, suggesting a role in GC pathogenesis. Kaplan–Meier analysis revealed the prognostic significance of STATs in GC. High STAT1 expression was associated with improved overall survival (OS), first progression (FP), and post-progression survival (PPS), indicating a favorable prognosis. In contrast, elevated STAT5A, STAT5B, and STAT6 expression correlated with poor prognosis. Subgroup analysis highlighted the consistent prognostic value of STATs across different histological subtypes, particularly in intestinal-type GC. Additionally, STAT expression had differential prognostic implications based on HER2 status. HER2-positive GC patients with high STAT expression had worse OS and FP rates, while HER2-negative patients with high STAT1 expression had better survival outcomes.

Conclusions

This study provides valuable insights into STAT expression patterns and their prognostic significance in GC. The upregulation of STATs, except STAT4, suggests their involvement in GC oncogenesis. Notably, high STAT1 expression is a favorable prognostic marker, while increased STAT5A, STAT5B, and STAT6 expression correlates with poor prognosis. These findings underscore the potential of STATs as prognostic markers in GC, guiding personalized treatment strategies and improving patient outcomes.
The effects of vaginal bromocriptine and dienogest on women with adenomyosis: a clinical study
Authors: Bahoorzahi Parvane , Aminimoghaddam Soheila , Derakhshan Roya , Hashemi Neda , Rokhgireh Samaneh
Published: December 2024

Objective

Adenomyosis occurs when endometrial glands and stroma develop in the myometrium, leading to symptoms such as pelvic pain and heavy menstrual bleeding.

Method

This randomized, double-blinded, controlled trial study was conducted on patients with adenomyosis referred to the Rasul-e-Akram Hospital. Group A received vaginal bromocriptine, and group B received dienogest. Transvaginal ultrasonography (TVS), visual analog scale (VAS), and pictorial blood loss assessment chart (PBLAC) evaluation were performed at the beginning and after 3, 6, and 9 months of the study.

Result

The mean blood visual chart 3 and 6 months after intervention in the bromocriptine group was significantly lower than the dienogest group (P < 0.001). The mean intensity of menstrual pain 3 months after intervention was significantly lower in the dienogest group compared to the bromocriptine group (P < 0.001). There was a significant improvement in TVS appearance in both groups at the 6-month follow-up.

Conclusion

Dienogest and bromocriptine both effectively reduced pain intensity, menstrual bleeding, and sonographic characteristics in patients with adenomyosis.
Quality of life of elderly cardiac patients with multimorbidity and burnout among their caregivers
Authors: Hussein Ahmed , Ahmed Shimaa Harris , El-Fetoh Nagah M. , Mohamed Eman R.
Published: December 2024

Background

Changes in cardiovascular anatomy, physiology, and biology associated with aging increase vulnerability to cardiovascular diseases (CVD), and more people are living into old age with chronic CVD. As a result, a significant number of elderly people have CVD, whereas CVD is more likely to emerge as part of a cluster of chronic conditions in younger patients that have an impact on their QOL (quality of life). Burnout syndrome (BO) is an increasingly serious problem among caregivers.

Results

A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate the quality of life of elderly cardiac patients with multimorbidity and BO syndrome among their caregivers on 265 patients and their caregivers; data was collected using sociodemographic, World Health Organization Quality of Life-Brief (WHOQOL-BREF), and Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) questionnaires.

We found that 46.8% of elderly cardiac patients with multimorbidity showed poor overall QOL and health, and 16.6% of caregivers showed a high degree of total burnout score. According to age-adjusted Charlson Comorbidity Index, the 10-year survival of our patients was 21%, 2%, and 0% in 56.2%, 26.4% and 17.4% of patients respectively.

Conclusion

Our study concluded that physical, psychological, and environmental QOL domains are poor among elderly cardiac patients with multimorbidity, and more than half of their care caregivers showed a low degree of personal accomplishment. Therefore, it is critical to carry out additional clinical trials aimed at developing novel rehabilitation programs and therapy avenues that will improve the QOL for elderly cardiac patients and their caregivers.
Distress and health-related quality of life in post-treatment nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients: a two-centre cross-sectional study
Authors: Sultan Abdul Kader Mohamed Iliyas , Ramanna Vijayaprakas Rao , Ahmad Abd Razak , Kumarasuriar Gayathri , Guan Lum Sai , Yunus Mohd Razif Mohamad
Published: December 2024

Background

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients often face significant physical and psychological challenges. While disease control remains a clinical priority, the impact on distress and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) is often overlooked. This study will assess distress and the HRQOL prevalence, severity, and relationship among post-treatment nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients and investigate its associated factors.

Method

A cross-sectional study at Hospital Melaka (HM) and Hospital Canselor Tuanku Muhriz (HCTM) involved post-treatment NPC patients with at least six months of follow-up. Distress was assessed using the Distress Thermometer (DT). Quality of life (QoL) and symptomatology were assessed with the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Quality of Life Questionnaire (QLQ-C30) and EORTC Head and Neck Module (QLQ-H&N 35). We conducted statistical analyses using Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney U tests for comparisons and Spearman Correlation for analyzing relationships.

Results

One hundred forty-four patients with a median age of 60.5 years (range 18–92) were recruited and completed the questionnaires. The median NPC surveillance follow-up time was seven years (6 months to 36 years). 84% of the patients received concurrent chemoradiotherapy. The majority of the patients were in late stage 57.6% (Stage III, n = 51[35.4%]; Stage IV, n = 32 [22.2%]). The median distress score is 4 (range, 1–8), and the median HRQOL score is 75 (range of 50–100). A significant negative correlation was found between distress and the HRQOL score. (r = -0.53, p < 0.01). Factors influencing distress and HRQOL scores were sticky saliva, dry mouth, fatigue, and less sexuality, with a significance of P < 0.01.

Conclusion

Overall distress and HRQOL scores among post-treatment NPC patients were good. Factors such as sticky saliva, dry mouth, fatigue, and decreased sexuality substantially impacted distress and HRQOL. Addressing these factors alongside cancer treatment may enhance HRQOL outcomes.
Machine Learning to Predict the Individual Risk of Treatment-Relevant Toxicity for Patients With Breast Cancer Undergoing Neoadjuvant Systemic Treatment
Authors: Cai Lie , Deutsch Thomas M. , Sidey-Gibbons Chris , Kobel Michelle , Riedel Fabian , Smetanay Katharina , Fremd Carlo , Michel Laura , Golatta Michael , Heil Joerg , Schneeweiss Andreas , Pfob André
Published: December 2024

PURPOSE

Toxicity to systemic cancer treatment represents a major anxiety for patients and a challenge to treatment plans. We aimed to develop machine learning algorithms for the upfront prediction of an individual's risk of experiencing treatment-relevant toxicity during the course of treatment.

METHODS

Clinical records were retrieved from a single-center, consecutive cohort of patients who underwent neoadjuvant treatment for early breast cancer. We developed and validated machine learning algorithms to predict grade 3 or 4 toxicity (anemia, neutropenia, deviation of liver enzymes, nephrotoxicity, thrombopenia, electrolyte disturbance, or neuropathy). We used 10-fold cross-validation to develop two algorithms (logistic regression with elastic net penalty [GLM] and support vector machines [SVMs]). Algorithm predictions were compared with documented toxicity events and diagnostic performance was evaluated via area under the curve (AUROC).

RESULTS

A total of 590 patients were identified, 432 in the development set and 158 in the validation set. The median age was 51 years, and 55.8% (329 of 590) experienced grade 3 or 4 toxicity. The performance improved significantly when adding referenced treatment information (referenced regimen, referenced summation dose intensity product) in addition to patient and tumor variables: GLM AUROC 0.59 versus 0.75,
P
= .02; SVM AUROC 0.64 versus 0.75,
P
= .01.

CONCLUSION

The individual risk of treatment-relevant toxicity can be predicted using machine learning algorithms. We demonstrate a promising way to improve efficacy and facilitate proactive toxicity management of systemic cancer treatment.
Targeted-Agent Continual Reassessment Method: A Novel Bayesian Enrichment Design for Phase I Trials of Molecularly Targeted Therapies
Authors: Ma Clement , Shulman David S. , Al-Sayegh Hasan , DuBois Steven G. , London Wendy B.
Published: December 2024

PURPOSE

Novel therapies targeting specific genomic alterations are a promising treatment approach for relapsed/refractory cancer. Patients with specific alterations may be more likely to respond. Trial designs should maximize opportunities for such patients to enroll on these trials. Existing designs do not enrich for patients with specific alterations. We developed the adaptive Targeted Agent-Continual Reassessment Method (TARGET-CRM) to optimize dose finding and enrich for patients with specific alterations, and applied it in a pediatric phase I trial.

METHODS

Patients were stratified to cohort A (unspecified tumors) or cohort B (rare genomic alterations). The TARGET-CRM design permits cohort B patients to immediately enroll at one dose level below the currently evaluated dose level instead of waiting for an open slot at the current dose level. Using simulations, we compared the operating characteristics (accuracy—the proportion of trials in which the true maximum tolerated dose [MTD] was identified/recommended; safety—the dose-limiting toxicity [DLT] rate; the proportion of cohort B patients enrolled) of the TARGET-CRM, standard CRM, and 3 + 3 designs across various scenarios.

RESULTS

The proportion of enrolled patients who were cohort B was higher for TARGET-CRM (90%-100%) compared with CRM (approximately 85%) and 3 + 3 (approximately 79%). The DLT rate and rate the true MTD was recommended were similar for TARGET-CRM and CRM, differing by only 0%-4% and 0%-4%, respectively. Results were similar regardless of trial sample size and proportion of cohort B patients in the population.

CONCLUSION

In phase I dose-finding trials of targeted agents, the Bayesian adaptive TARGET-CRM design maximizes enrollment of patients hypothesized as most likely to benefit from the targeted agent, while maintaining similar or superior accuracy and safety as the CRM and 3 + 3 designs.
Postprandial Hypoglycemia in a Patient With Clinical Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome
Authors: London Bella , Corker Lisa Chiu , Deng Lily , Mani Bhavapriya , Murray Alison , Krishnamurthy Mansa
Published: December 2024

A male neonate exhibited hallmark features of Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS) including large for gestational age, macroglossia, multiple ear pits, and umbilical hernia. He had neonatal hypoglycemia, requiring a glucose infusion rate of 9.7 mg/kg/min. Over time, he demonstrated persistent hypoglycemia with point-of-care glucose <60 mg/dL (<3.3 mmol/L) (70-140 mg/dL, 3.9-7.8 mmol/L) prompting a critical sample. A diagnostic fast of 13 hours revealed no hypoglycemia <50 mg/dL. However, he was found to have postprandial hypoglycemia after 2 hours to 58 mg/dL (3.2 mmol/L) (70-140 mg/dL, 3.9-7.8 mmol/L) with low β-hydroxybutyrate of <1.8 mg/dL (<0.17 mmol/L) (>3.6 mg/dL, >1.8 mmol/L) and increased insulin 3.9 μIU/mL (27 pmol/L) (2-13 μIU/mL; 14-90 pmol/L). Low-dose diazoxide (6 mg/kg/day) and chlorothiazide (10 mg/kg/day) were initiated. After 48 hours on diazoxide, all episodes of postprandial hypoglycemia resolved. A safety fast on diazoxide sustained blood glucose >70 mg/dL with a rise in serum β-hydroxybutyrate at 13 and 19 hours. Our case highlights the heterogeneity of hypoglycemia in BWS, either fasting or postprandial. This emphasizes the importance of appropriate screening for both forms of hypoglycemia in patients with BWS and that diazoxide is an effective treatment.
Association between Pre-pregnancy BMI and Pregnancy Outcomes in Women with Gestational Diabetes: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Zheng Lianghui , Liao Qiuping , Liu Jiaoxia , Shi Jun , Chen Zihua , Lin Lin
Published: December 2024

Background & Objective: The specific influence of the pre-pregnancy body mass index (PPBMI) on women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is unclear. Our objective was to investigate how PPBMI categories affect pregnancy and neonatal outcomes in women with GDM.
Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using data from patients attending the Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital (Fuzhou, China) from 2021 to 2023. The participant records were stratified into four groups according to their BMI values: underweight, normal-weight, overweight, and obese. The pregnancy and neonatal outcomes for these BMI categories were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression.
Results: The study included data from 2,909 pregnant women diagnosed with GDM. Underweight women with GDM showed significantly lower risks of pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) (adjusted OR, 0.26) and cesarean sections (adjusted OR, 0.55) but higher risks of low body weight (LBW) infants (adjusted OR, 3.40). Overweight and obese women experienced higher risks of PIH (adjusted OR, 2.96), cesarean sections (adjusted OR, 1.62), and macrosomia (adjusted OR, 1.43).
Conclusion: PPBMIs significantly impact pregnancy outcomes in women with GDM. Both underweight and overweight/obese categories are associated with adverse outcomes, highlighting the need for pre-pregnancy counseling and interventions to achieve and maintain a healthy BMI.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.41.1.10920
How to cite this: Zheng L, Liao Q, Liu J, Shi J, Chen Z, Lin L. Association between Pre-pregnancy BMI and Pregnancy Outcomes in Women with Gestational Diabetes: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Pak J Med Sci. 2025;41(1):37-43. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.41.1.10920
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Artificial intelligence in radiology: Radiologist’s adversary or comrade?
Authors: Mansoor Ali
Published: December 2024

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.41.1.11391
How to cite this: Mansoor A. Artificial intelligence in radiology: Radiologist’s adversary or comrade? Pak J Med Sci. 2025;41(1):1-2.  doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.41.1.11391
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Study protocol for a randomized control trial investigating the effectiveness of a multifaceted mHealth approach on adherence to antihypertensive treatment among patients in Pakistan
Authors: Arshed Muhammad , Binti Mahmud Aidalina , Umer Muhammad Farooq , Mashhadi Fawad , Babar Kawish Ayesha
Published: December 2024

Background & Objectives: Poor medication adherence is an essential contributor to Pakistan’s high prevalence of uncontrolled hypertension. This study will be aimed to assess the efficacy of a one-of-a-kind developed intervention in improving medication adherence and treatment outcomes in hypertension patients.
Methods: Twleve months duration long randomized controlled trial from January to December 2021 will be carried out at Shaikh Zayed Medical Complex (SZMC), Lahore. A total of 440 patients aged 18 years and older diagnosed with hypertension in the last month with non- adherence to antihypertensive therapy <80% of pills used in the last 30 days and have access to a smartphone will be randomized into either the intervention group (n=220) or the control group (n=220). For the intervention arm, a comprehensive intervention, the “Multi-Aid-Package,” consisting of seven items: written, voice, and graphics messages, animated video, educational material, and a 24/7 help service, has been designed. Standard care will be provided to the control group. The primary outcome will be improved adherence to antihypertensive medication, while the secondary outcome will be an alteration in systolic blood pressure (SBP). The analysis will be intention to treat.
Conclusion: According to this study, if the multifunctional Multi-Aid-Package proves to be a useful mobile health tool for improving hypertension patients’ medication adherence, it will also significantly affect systolic blood pressure. In Pakistan and other comparable low- and middle-income countries LMICs, the Multi-Aid-Package ought to be taken into consideration as a means of enhancing adherence to medications among hypertension patients.
Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04577157.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.41.1.9272
How to cite this: Arshed M, Mahmud AB, Umer MF, Mashhadi F, Kawish AB. Study protocol for a randomized control trial investigating the effectiveness of a multifaceted mHealth approach on adherence to antihypertensive treatment among patients in Pakistan. Pak J Med Sci. 2025;41(1):22-28. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.41.1.9272
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
MATHEMATICS, MUSIC AND POETRY IN NATURE MAGAZINE AND IN THE CORRESPONDENCE OF SOFYA KOVALEVSKAYA AND J.J. SYLVESTER
Authors: Trofimova V. S. , Trofimova T. N.
Published: December 2024

The article examines the relationship between music, poetry and mathematics in the sonnet of mathematician J.J. Sylvester, dedicated to woman mathematician S.V. Kovalevskaya. The poetic theory of J.J. Sylvester and its reflection in the sonnet are considered. In addition, the history of acquaintance of S.V. Kovalevskaya and J.J. Sylvester is traced.
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES IN EDUCATION: ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF MOODLE
Authors: Kudinova O. A. , Kudinova V. I.
Published: December 2024

Currently, information technology is increasingly being used in all spheres of life, including education. These technologies have become an important tool for teaching foreign languages. To motivate students to learn English, many foreign language teachers use various online learning platforms to achieve their goals, one of which is Moodle. It provides teachers with various tools to support effective student learning and communication. The purpose of this research is to study the general attitude of students towards learning English using Moodle.
TEACHING FOREIGN LANGUAGES VIA COMPUTER TECHNOLOGIES
Authors: Kudinova O. A. , Kudinova V. I.
Published: December 2024

The article discusses the main stages of the development of innovative foreign language teaching. The use of multimedia and e-learning, which serve as the basis of CALL, is analyzed in detail.
RESEARCH ON THE KEY CONSTITUENT COMPOSITION OF ART WORKS - CONTEMPORARY TREND
Authors: Lu Lingzhi
Published: December 2024

From the perspective of art research and culture, this article analyzes the key significance of the composition of composition in contemporary art works, and carefully explores the innovation trends shown in form, functions and aesthetics in contemporary art situation. Through the in -depth interpretation of various contemporary art phenomena and works, it reveals how composition breaks through the traditional model with the influence of science and technology, the influence of social and cultural ideas, and the guidance of audience needs. Understand the essence of contemporary art creation and grasp its development direction to provide strong support.
CONTEMPORARY FREEHAND PAINTING: PHILOSOPHICAL AND CULTURAL ANALYSIS
Authors: Zhao Shaolu
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this paper is to explore the philosophical and cultural connotations of Chinese freehand painting, and to analyze its status and role in contemporary art. Chinese freehand painting is not only a painting technique, but also a cultural attitude and spiritual pursuit, which is deeply influenced by Taoist thought, emphasizing the natural expression of emotions and far-reaching artistic conception in the style of painting. This paper traces the historical background of freehand painting, analyzes the influence of its cultural factors on contemporary art, and discusses the main philosophical ideas that influenced modern Chinese freehand painting. In addition, this paper discusses the influence of subjectivity and individuality in the artist’s creation, as well as the relationship between art and philosophy in the context of freehand painting. Through the philosophical and cultural analysis of freehand painting, the importance of freehand painting in modern art is revealed, and its evolution and development in the context of globalization are discussed.
RESEARCH ON FONT DESIGN AND PATTERN DESIGN BASED ON CULTURAL HERITAGE
Authors: Wu Qiong
Published: December 2024

In the context of today’s accelerated globalization process, cultural inheritance and innovation have become a topic of concern to all social strata, and font design and pattern design based on cultural heritage are very important. In terms of importance, font design and template design, as a key element of visual communication, have rich cultural connotations. Due to the excavation and use of traditional fonts and patterns, ancient cultural genes can be presented to modern audiences in an intuitive visual form, strengthen national cultural identity and sense of belonging, and contribute to the continuation and inheritance of culture. From the perspective of methods, on the one hand, it is necessary to study traditional culture in depth, including the evolution of words and the symbolic significance of patterns; on the other hand, it is necessary to combine modern design concepts and use digital and other technical means to innovate, such as simplification and deformation of traditional patterns, as well as integration. In practical applications, cultural heritage-based font design. The merger of the two can be achieved by integrating template elements into font strokes or using fonts as part of the template, which not only enriches the shape and content of the design, but also better conveys cultural connotation and provides new ideas and methods of cultural heritage.
INFLUENCE OF PLANTING DATES ON GROWTH, DEVELOPMENT AND PRODUCTIVITY OF POTATOES
Authors: Egorov Leonid , Gayfullin Il'nur , Egorova Olga
Published: December 2024

The aim of our research was to study the influence of potato planting dates on growth, development and productivity of promising early-ripening varieties Riviera and Reggi. Field experiments in 2024 were conducted at LLC Agrobiotechnopark at Kazan State Agrarian University. The scheme of the stationary field experiment provided for the study of potato varieties Reggi and Riviera at the following planting dates: May 15 (control), May 20 and May 25. The soil of experimental plot was gray forest soil. The initial humus content according to I.V. Tyurin was 3.5-3.7%, mobile phosphorus - 250 mg/kg and exchangeable potassium according to A.T. Kirsanov - 145 mg/kg of soil, pH (according to salt extract) - 6.3. The experiment was repeated three times, the placement of plots was randomized, the area of each plot was 60 m2. The system of primary and pre-planting soil preparation included autumn winter plowing to a depth of 21 cm, by PLN-5-35 plow in conjunction with MTZ-1221 tractor, the day before planting, loosening was carried out by KSN-3.4 aggregate to a depth of 17 cm and pre-planting milling of the soil was carried out. When planting potatoes, mineral fertilizers were applied at a dose of N40P40K40. Planting was carried out on May 15, 20 and 25 by KSM-4N potato planter. The tuber planting rate was 2.9 t/ha (according to 75x30 cm scheme, the average weight of planting material was 65 g), the average planting density was 44 000 pieces of planting tubers/ha. Under the conditions of 2024, planting potatoes at an earlier date (May 15) allowed for the studied early-ripening varieties Riviera and Reggi to form the maximum height of potato plants (42.7 and 49.5 cm, respectively), and also to preserve the maximum number of stems of the studied crop (4.8 and 5.1 pieces/bush). With later potato plantings (May 25), there was a maximum breakage and injury of potato sprouts after vernalization. Planting the studied potato varieties at earlier dates contributed to the maximum accumulation of the aboveground mass of the tops, which in Reggi variety reached 326.5 g/bush, and the leaf area was 24 650 thousand m2/ha. The maximum accumulation of tuber mass - 591.3 g/bush in Reggi variety was formed when planting potatoes on May 15. The highest productivity of Reggi potatoes 23.65 t/ha was obtained when planting on May 15, and later planting (May 20 and 25) led to a decrease in the productivity of the potato crop and amounted to 22.38 and 21.87 t/ha, respectively.
ECOLOGICAL VARIETAL TESTING OF SOYBEAN IN THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN
Authors: Shurhaeva Kseniya , Husnutdinova Alsu , Abrosimova Tamara , Shayahmetova Liliya
Published: December 2024

The study of the formation of yield potential and protein content in soybeans of various ecological and geographical origin and the selection of varieties adapted to the conditions of the Republic of Tatarstan are relevant for the spread of crops in the cultivation areas.
The work was carried out in the Kama region of the Republic of Tatarstan in 2022-2023, located at 55°7'44.9" north latitude and 49°16'37.48" east longitude. The scheme of the stationary field experiment provided for ecological variety testing of soybean varieties in years contrasting with meteorological conditions. The object of the study was five soybean varieties belonging to different geographical zones (Krasnodar Territory, Samara Region, Republic of Belarus, Chuvash Republic), with coordinates 45°2'41.3", 38°58'33.6", 53°12'0.4", 50°9'60", 54°22'59", 30°24'21", 56°7'55.9", 47°15'6.8".
Milyausha soybeans were used as the standard. The soil of the experimental site is gray forest. The initial humus content was
THE INFLUENCE OF AGRONOMIC AND AGROCHEMICAL FACTORS ON THE PRODUCTIVITY OF IRRIGATED HYBRID CORN ROSS 140 SV IN THE SOIL AND CLIMATIC CONDITIONS OF THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN
Authors: Yakhin Ildar
Published: December 2024

The purpose of the research is to determine the degree of influence of agronomic and agrochemical factors on the productivity of irrigated hybrid corn Ross 140 SV in the soil and climatic conditions of the Republic of Tatarstan. A stationary field experiment was carried out on irrigated fields of land use of LLC “Kyrlay” in Arsk municipal district in 2022. This experiment was aimed at studying the influence of various factors on the yield and quality of the irrigated crop. After the commissioning of the irrigated site in 2023, the research was continued on the basis of LLC “Agrobiotechnopark” of Kazan State Agrarian University. The design of a stationary field experiment is aimed at determining the effect of different fertilizer doses on the yield of an irrigated agricultural crop. In this case, five options are considered: control (without fertilizers). This option serves as a base for comparing results with other options. It shows how the crop will develop without fertilizers. N74P40K74 for 30 t/ha of biomass, involves applying fertilizers in the amount of 74 kg of nitrogen (N), 40 kg of phosphorus (P) and 74 kg of potassium (K) per 30 tons of biomass. N98P53K97 for 40 t/ha of biomass, in this option the fertilizer doses increase: 98 kg of nitrogen, 53 kg of phosphorus and 97 kg of potassium per 40 tons of biomass. N123P66K121 for 50 t/ha of biomass, this option studies the effect of high fertilizer doses on yield. N148P80K148 for 60 t/ha of biomass: In this variant, the fertilizer doses are maximum: 148 kg of nitrogen, 80 kg of phosphorus and 148 kg of potassium per 60 tons of biomass. The object of the study is the hybrid corn variety Ross 140 SV. The agrochemical parameters of two typical gray-forest soils were as follows: the humus content according to Tyurin was from 3.2 to 3.6%, mobile phosphorus – from 148 to 150 and exchangeable potassium – from 162 to 165 mg/kg of soil according to Kirsanov. The reaction of the soil environment in the salt extract was close to neutral (pH. 6.1 - 6.5). The experiment was repeated three times, the plots were placed systematically, the area of each plot was 126 m2 (4.2 by 30 meters). The system of primary and pre-sowing soil preparation was carried out (in autumn) with stubble disking to 6-8 cm and plowing to 25-27 cm. Pre-sowing cultivation consisted of harrowing in 1-2 tracks. Corn was sown in the second ten-day period of May with a row spacing of 70 cm. Seeds at a seeding rate of 70 thousand pcs./ha were embedded to a depth of 6-8 cm with rolling. Mineral fertilizers were applied in doses calculated for the planned yield of 30 t/ha, 40 t/ha, 50 t/ha, 60 t/ha of biomass. The optimal dose of fertilizers to achieve maximum productivity of hybrid corn Ross 140 SV is N123P66K121 calculated for the planned yield of 50 t/ha of biomass, at which the yield of green mass is 50.7 t/ha, and the payback of mineral fertilizers reaches 81.2 kg of green mass per 1 kg of NPK.
Physical activity in atopic dermatitis: a narrative review
Authors: Leszyńska Agnieszka , Bałoniak Julia , Bałoniak Zuzanna , Jonkisz Aleksandra , Doligalska Michalina , Stremel Aleksandra , Bachoń Emilia , Skurzyńska Gabriela , Kozłowska Dominika
Published: December 2024

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common chronic skin disease that impacts various aspects of a patient’s life. Among numerous triggers, there is a specific group of factors that may arise during physical activity. Due to skin-related issues, which can be both a significant obstacle and a source of fear regarding symptom exacerbation, the habits and behaviors of patients with AD differ from those of the general population. Understanding these changes can provide valuable insights into which types of sports or physical activities should be recommended by physicians, physiotherapists, or other professionals involved in sports and health.  
In this review, we analyze studies conducted on this topic and aim to draw conclusions on how to best promote physical activity in patients with AD while minimizing its negative impact on their skin. We emphasize the lack of essential studies that involve engaging patients with AD in various forms of physical activity and subsequently assessing their skin condition and symptom severity after exercise.
The Impact of Diet and Lifestyle on the Course of Autoimmune Diseases
Authors: Sobek Karolina Łucja , Mazur Michał , Waz Dorota , Szarłowicz Jakub , Goliszek Zofia , Tabin-Barczak Wiktoria , Sokołowska Aldona , Fikas Klaudia , Chwaliszewski Kamil , Samuła Sebastian
Published: December 2024

Introduction and Purpose: Autoimmune diseases represent a diverse group of disorders caused by immune dysregulation, resulting in attacks on the body’s own tissues. These conditions are increasingly common and significantly impact patients' quality of life. Environmental factors, including diet and lifestyle, are key contributors to this increase. This review explores the impact of diet and lifestyle on the progression and management of autoimmune diseases.
Materials and Methods: This review is based on articles obtained from scientific databases like PubMed, selected for their importance to the subject.
Results: Anti-inflammatory diets, such as the Mediterranean diet, omega-3 fatty acids, vitamin D, and selenium, reduce disease activity and modulate immune responses. Dysbiosis in the gut and oral microbiomes is a significant factor in disease progression, while probiotics and prebiotics may have a promising impact.Lifestyle factors complement dietary strategies by reducing systemic inflammation and improving physical and mental health. Gender-specific differences further highlight the need for personalized management approaches.
Conclusion: Diet and lifestyle modifications significantly influence autoimmune disease outcomes by reducing inflammation, supporting immune regulation, and addressing comorbidities. Future research should focus on precision nutrition and microbiome-based therapies to further enhance treatment outcomes and patient well-being.
Diecezje, biskupi i kapituły na południowym pobrzeżu Bałtyku, czyli jeszcze raz o dwunastowiecznych dziejach biskupstwa na Kujawach
Authors: Pauk Marcin Rafał
Published: December 2024

Artykuł poświęcony jest początkom organizacji diecezjalnej na Kujawach w XII w. Początki te są od dawna dyskutowane w literaturze. Wciąż powraca kontrowersja, czy ok. 1124 r. istniały jedno czy dwa odrębne biskupstwa (Włocławek, Kruszwica). Autor dowodzi, że w grę wchodzi tylko jedno biskupstwo, ale analizuje specjalną rolę, jaką odgrywała kapituła w Kruszwicy. Problem przedstawiony został na szerokiej podstawie komparatystycznej.
DA NARRATIVA DE TRADICIÓN ORAL ÁS AULAS”: UNA PROPUESTA EDUCATIVA INTERGENERACIONAL PARA REVITALIZAR EL GALLEGO, MEJORAR LA COMPETENCIA COMUNICATIVA DEL PROFESORADO Y VALORAR LA LITERATURA DE TRADICIÓN ORAL
Authors: MOSQUERA CASTRO ESTEFANÍA , CARBALLAL MIÑÁN PATRICIA
Published: December 2024

Este trabajo versa sobre una experiencia práctica que fue llevada a cabo en el curso
2016/2017 en el Grado de Educación Primaria de la Universidad de A Coruña, en dos asignaturas:
“Lingua galega e a súa didáctica” y “Lingua castelá e a súa didáctica”, ambas del primer curso.
En dicha propuesta, el alumnado compiló textos de tradición oral a través de varias entrevistas
realizadas a personas de la tercera edad, en su mayoría usuarias de centros de día. Posteriormente,
esas piezas fueron clasifcadas en el aula y adaptadas por los estudiantes para ser narradas por
ellos mismos al público infantil de Educación Primaria de varios centros educativos. Los objetivos
fundamentales de nuestra propuesta han sido varios: por un lado, hemos querido contribuir, a través
del Tratamiento Integrado de Lenguas, a paliar las principales difcultades de la expresión oral de los dos idiomas que son objeto de estudio en las materias citadas, si bien se han priorizado las
del gallego, lengua minorizada y ahora también minoritaria. Pero también hemos incidido en la
revalorización de la literatura de tradición oral, insufcientemente tratada -bajo nuestro punto de
vista- tanto en los currículos educativos de Educación Primaria como en la enseñanza universitaria.
Para ello, y a través de la metodología del aprendizaje servicio (ApS) hemos favorecido la
proximidad y el acercamiento entre los jóvenes y las personas mayores, normalmente relegadas de
la esfera social y educativa y las hemos hecho protagonistas de nuestro proyecto.
La influencia de la cultura sobre las decisiones de las heroínas distópicas: defensa de su derecho a decidir.
Authors: Burgos-Mascarell Andrea
Published: December 2024

La popularidad de la fcción distópica juvenil, y en particular de las trilogías Los Juegos
del Hambre y Divergente, ha ocasionado un intenso debate sobre la idoneidad de las protagonistas
como modelos a seguir para la nueva generación y que considera tanto sus acciones como la crítica
o aceptación por parte de las heroínas de las expectativas heteronormativas y patriarcales. Mi teoría
es que se ha ignorado un factor clave: los valores culturales. Este estudio ofrece un análisis de las
sociedades descritas en las novelas utilizando dos dimensiones culturales de Hofstede, feminidad/
masculinidad y colectivismo/individualismo. Los resultados se debaten teniendo en cuenta el mito
del viaje de la heroína de Murdock para explorar la infuencia de la cultura sobre las decisiones de
las heroínas.
Propuesta para tratar temas tabúes y controvertidos en la clse de E/LE.
Authors: Toth Gergo
Published: December 2024

Las sociedades modernas cada vez se diversifcan más. Junto a los fenómenos
existentes aparecen otros nuevos que afrontar. Estos fenómenos pueden considerarse tabúes o
temas controvertidos según las características socioculturales de cada país. La normalización de la
diversidad y de nuevas realidades es fundamental para construir personalidades sanas. Los docentes
tienen gran responsabilidad sobre ello durante el proceso de la enseñanza. Con la Literatura
infantil como herramienta en las aulas de segundas lenguas se trabaja con material auténtico que
constituye un atractivo y contribuye en la sensibilización de los aprendientes, aumentando su nivel
de inteligencia emocional y por consiguiente la tolerancia y la empatía. Siguiendo las directrices
de los métodos comunicativos de aprendizaje de idiomas y centrándose en el enfoque por tareas
“Titiritesa” de Xerardo Quintiá se convierte en un material didáctico idóneo para el tratamiento de
la homosexualidad y el matrimonio entre personas del mismo sexo.
El «Lazarillo» a ojos de los niños: análisis de dos adaptaciones.
Authors: Calzón García José Antonio
Published: December 2024

El artículo, tras realizar una rápido repaso de las principales características, problemas
y aspectos estilísticos de las adaptaciones de clásicos destinadas al público infantil y juvenil, lleva
a cabo un estudio comparativo de dos versiones respecto al texto original del Lazarillo. El breve
análisis permite concluir que, al menos en los casos estudiados, las adaptaciones simplifcan,
desvirtúan o eliminan elementos estructurales e ideológicos fundamentales en la versión original,
lo que lleva a preguntarse por la licitud y fdelidad de adaptaciones de textos literarios que, en el
momento de su constitución, tenían un propósito altamente subversivo, crítico o innovador.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.12795/CAUCE.2020.i43.05 Cooperación literaria transatlántica al filo de los años 30. María Luz Morales y Gabriela Mistral en «El Sol».
Authors: González Gómez Sofía
Published: December 2024

Este trabajo tiene como fn encontrar y analizar las huellas de la relación entre la
periodista española María Luz Morales y la poeta chilena Gabriela Mistral que aparecen en el diario
El Sol, concretamente, en el suplemento La mujer, el niño y el hogar (1926-1931) durante la etapa en
la que estuvo dirigido por la propia Morales. Ligadas a sus estancias en España, las colaboraciones
de Mistral en El Sol abrieron la puerta a una mayor sensibilidad del periódico hacia la literatura
latinoamericana escrita por mujeres, como se pone de manifesto en las reseñas extractadas, y, al
mismo tiempo permiten abrir el círculo de la red de ambas, con personalidades de calado distinto
en cada una de ellas, como ocurrió con Concha Espina.
Las corresponsalías del catalán Arturo Cuyás: Información periodística desde Nueva York para Cuba y México (1871-1898).
Authors: de Santiago Gómez Arnulfo Uriel , Fernández Fernández Íñigo , Vieyra Sánchez Lilia , Vigil Batista Alejandra
Published: December 2024

Este artículo analiza la figura del corresponsal catalán Arturo Cuyás Armengol, quien redactó
artículos para El Diario de la Marina que fueron reproducidos por diversos periódicos mexicanos. Aquí se
establece una semblanza biográfica de Cuyás a partir de la información que proporcionan los periódicos
alojados en la Hemeroteca Nacional Digital de México. Esta herramienta de investigación también se utilizó
para identificar las corresponsalías de Cuyás que fueron adquiridas por redactores de periódicos mexicanos
para mantener informados a sus lectores sobre la situación que ocurría en la Unión Americana. Su mirada
crítica sobre la cotidianidad política, económica, social y cultural de los estadounidenses en la que se muestra
que veía a ese país como un enemigo para España ante su política expansionista.
Partecipazione e Progettazione nella costruzione della città Contemporanea. Un’esperienza africana: Togo (1976-78)
Authors: Barbera Lucio Valerio
Published: December 2024

Il testo rammenta e descrive, sotto forma di dialogo, l’esperienza progettuale integrata di studio e pianificazione in Togo di Lucio Barbera e della società di progettazione ProgReS, – da lui diretta – durante gli anni Settanta del Novecento. Il dialogo illustra le aspettative della committenza istituzionale locale nonché il metodo di ricerca e di progettazione adottato. Il testo testimonia anche la ricchezza dei rapporti umani e professionali cui occorre essere preparati per portare a termine un lavoro di tale impegno: il piano territoriale della Regione Marittima del Togo, il piano urbanistico della Capitale di Stato, Lomé, e quello delle sei capitali provinciali costituirono il tentativo di dotare il giovane Stato africano di un documento unitario di riorganizzazione territoriale per affrontare i problemi e le prospettive della modernità. Ciò che conta, si afferma infine, è che si riconosca nello studio degli insediamenti urbani dei continenti in via di sviluppo uno strumento indispensabile per comprendere e affrontare ovunque nel mondo, i problemi delle città e dei territori urbanizzati.
Function Design for Improved Competitive Ratio in Online Resource Allocation with Procurement Costs
Authors: Ray Mitas , Sadeghi Omid , Ratliff Lillian J. , Fazel Maryam
Published: December 2024

We study the problem of online resource allocation, where customers arrive sequentially, and the seller must irrevocably allocate resources to each incoming customer while also facing a prespecified procurement cost function over the total allocation. The objective is to maximize the reward obtained from fulfilling the customers’ requests sans the cumulative procurement cost. We analyze the competitive ratio of a primal-dual algorithm in this setting and develop an optimization framework for designing a surrogate function for the procurement cost to be used by the algorithm to improve the competitive ratio of the primal-dual algorithm. We use the optimal surrogate function for polynomial procurement cost functions to improve on previous bounds. For general procurement cost functions, our design method uses quasiconvex optimization to find optimal design parameters. We then implement the design techniques and show the improved performance of the algorithm in numerical examples. Finally, we extend the analysis by devising a posted pricing mechanism in which the algorithm does not require the customers’ preferences to be revealed.

Funding: M. Fazel’s work was supported in part by the National Science Foundation [Awards 2023166, 2007036, and 1740551].

Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/ijoo.2021.0012 .
Risk Budgeting Allocation for Dynamic Risk Measures
Authors: Pesenti Silvana M. , Jaimungal Sebastian , Saporito Yuri F. , Targino Rodrigo S.
Published: December 2024

Time-Consistent Diversified Portfolio Allocations

Portfolio allocation problems typically involve diversification of risks, which can be achieved by risk budgeting strategies. Of additional importance is being time consistent—that is, ensuring that decisions about what to do in the future under certain outcomes remain optimal when those future outcomes are realized. In “Risk Budgeting Allocation for Dynamic Risk Measures,” Pesenti, Jaimungal, Saporito, and Targino develop time-consistent portfolio strategies, termed dynamic risk budgeting strategies, where the diversification is on the level of risk contribution of assets. The authors formalize the dynamic setting of risk budgeting strategies, recast dynamic risk budgeting strategies as solutions of sequences of convex optimization problems, and develop an efficient actor-critic deep reinforcement learning algorithm for estimating dynamic risk budgeting strategies. The algorithm and the dynamic risk budgeting strategies are illustrated on a complex simulation case study involving five assets and 12 time steps.
Dementia, assisted dying, euthanasia
Authors: Hughes Julian C
Published: December 2024

This article discusses assisted suicide and euthanasia in relation to dementia. It presents some broad arguments against any form of ‘assisted dying’. But then focuses on advance euthanasia directives as used in the Netherlands and the case of ‘coffee euthanasia’. Decision-making capacity and the possibility of coercion are briefly discussed. Lord Walton's robust support of the prohibition of intentional killing concludes the article.