bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Heredabilidades para características de crecimiento a través de los años en la raza Blanco Orejinegro
Authors: Fernández N. Juan Carlos , Herrera Pérez Natalia , Pérez G. Juan , Doria R. Matiluz , Mestra V. Lorena , Lucero C. Carlos
Published: November 2021

El objetivo del estudio fue estimar los valores de heredabilidad directa, materna y las varianzas debidas al ambiente permanente desde año 1990 hasta 2012 en la raza criolla colombiana Blanco Orejinegro. Se analizaron 10 698 datos sobre las variables de crecimiento para peso al nacimiento (PN), peso ajustado a los 240 días (PAJ240) y peso ajustado a los 480 días (PAJ480). Se utilizó la metodología de máxima verosimilitud restringida libre de derivadas (DFREML), ajustando un modelo animal que incluyó efectos genéticos directos, maternos y variaciones debidas al ambiente permanente, asumiendo como efectos fijos el año, época de nacimiento, el sexo del ternero y como covariable la edad de la madre al parto. Las heredabilidades para PN fueron de h²d = 0.31, h²m = 0.03 y σ²c = 0.07. los valores de heredabilidad para PAJ240 fueron moderados y bajos (h²d = 0.18, h²m = 0.05, σ²c = 0.04) en tanto que para PAJ480 fueron de h²d = 0.17, h²m = 0.04, σ²c = 0.06, sin presentar valores significativos, y la proporción de las varianzas presentaron valores negativos y decreciente en la recta. Las tendencias genéticas fueron creciente y decreciente, indicando que la varianza ambiental afecta negativamente el componente materno y del ambiente permanente para el peso a los 240 y 480 días respectivamente.
Efecto del hongo entomopatógeno Beauveria bassiana en el control de garrapatosis en ganado bovino
Authors: Yari Briones Danitza I. , Paredes-Valderrama Juan R. , Milla Pino Manuel Emilio , Murga Valderrama Nilton L.
Published: November 2021

La investigación fue realizada para determinar el efecto del hongo entomopatógeno Beauveria bassiana en el control de garrapatas en ganado bovino. Se trabajó con 20 bovinos hembra de raza Fleckvieh distribuidos en cinco tratamientos: T1= grupo control, T2= excipientes (agua + 0.6 ml de surfactante), T3= 1.2x107 conidias (80 g de hongo + 0.2 ml surfactante), T4= 2.4x107 conidias (160 g de hongo + 0.4 ml de surfactante), T5 = 3.6x107 conidias (240 g de hongo + 0.6 ml de surfactante). El hongo fue lavado con agua y surfactante, con el fin de desprenderlas del sustrato para luego ser aplicado a los bovinos por medio de aspersión por gota gruesa. El conteo de garrapatas se realizó en seis zonas (tabla del cuello, entrepierna, axila) los días 0 (antes del tratamiento), 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11 y 14. La disminución significativa en el número de garrapatas se observó a partir del día 7 en T3, T4, T5. La disminución de garrapatas en el día 14 fue de 99% en T5, mientras que en T3 y T4 fue de 91 y 82%, respectivamente.
Caracterización y frecuencia de cataratas en perros en Medellín, Colombia (2019-2020)
Authors: Correa Johanna , Álvarez Laura Carolina , Acevedo Sandra Patricia , Correa-Valencia Nathalia María
Published: November 2021

El objetivo del presente estudio fue reportar la frecuencia y caracterización de cataratas diagnosticadas en perros que asistieron a consulta a la Unidad Oftalmológica Ocularvet, en la ciudad de Medellín (Antioquia, Colombia) entre agosto de 2019 y agosto de 2020. Se realizó un muestreo a conveniencia, con la inclusión de perros de todas las edades con diagnóstico de catarata y la exclusión de aquellos con tratamientos previos a la misma o con patologías que dificultaran la evaluación del cristalino. Se caracterizó demográficamente la población (raza, sexo, edad, enfermedades previas/concomitantes), además de la información relacionada con la catarata (ojo afectado, ubicación de la catarata, grado de desarrollo). Se realizó una evaluación oftalmológica a 442 perros durante el año de estudio, de los cuales el 36% fue diagnosticado con cataratas, representando 203 ojos afectados. Perros machos (54.1%), de raza Poodle (11.9%), Schnauzer (10.1%) y mestizos (8.2%), fueron los principalmente afectados. La frecuencia de casos entre los grupos etarios antes de los 3 años de edad fue similar y se incrementó a partir de los 7 años. Diez de los 159 pacientes (6.3%) presentaron enfermedades previas o concomitantes al momento del diagnóstico de catarata, siendo la más frecuente la diabetes mellitus tipo I (2.5%). La ubicación nuclear (23.2%) fue la más frecuente. Así mismo, el grado de desarrollo incipiente (44.3%) y la catarata madura (30.5%) fueron las de mayor frecuencia. Se concluye que el grado de desarrollo incipiente fue la forma más común de catarata, sin una distribución definida por raza, sexo o edad.
Crecimiento y producción de cocones de la Eisenia foetida (lombriz roja) en cuatro sustratos
Authors: Canales-Gutiérrez Angel , Mestas-Gutierrez Nataly Irene , Chambi-Alarcon Marisol Sheyla
Published: November 2021

El estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar el crecimiento y número de cocones generados por Eisenia foetida (lombriz roja) en cuatro sustratos. Los tratamientos (sustratos) fueron: choclo (T1), zapallo (T2), camote (T3) y papa (T4) en 1.5 kg de tierra agrícola, 150 g de estiércol de alpaca y 25 unidades de rocas medianas. Se utilizaron 15 lombrices rojas adultas por tratamiento, colocadas en cajas de madera y se hizo el seguimiento durante 40 días. Se midió el tamaño y número de lombrices, así como el conteo de cocones. La longitud de las lombrices fue similar para los tratamientos con choclo (5.5 cm), papa (5.5 cm) y zapallo (5.2 cm), pero menor en el tratamiento con camote (4.0 cm; p=0.0045). Por otro lado, no hubo diferencia significativa en el número de cocones entre tratamientos.
Evaluación de factores de virulencia en cepas de Salmonella Typhimurium aisladas de cuyes (Cavia porcellus) enfermos y sanos
Authors: Duran Gonzalez Carla , Luna Espinoza Luis , Carhuaricra Huamán Dennis , Salvatierra Rodríguez Guillermo , Rosadio Alcántara Raúl , Maturrano Hernández Lenin
Published: November 2021

El presente estudio evaluó la presencia de 10 genes codificantes de diversos factores de virulencia de importancia biológica en un total de 100 aislados de Salmonella Typhimurium, donde 90 aislados procedían de cuyes enfermos y 10 de cuyes aparentemente sanos. El ADN fue extraído de todos los aislados y se analizaron mediante la técnica de PCR múltiple para evaluar la presencia de los genes spvB, spiA, cdtB, sipB, tolC, sitC, lpfC, sifA, sopB y pefA. Se obtuvo un patrón genético similar, con frecuencias de detección variables mayores al 60%, tanto en aislados de cuyes sanos como enfermos, excepto el gen cdtB, el cual no fue detectado. No hubo diferencias significativas entre la presencia de factores de virulencia de Salmonella Typhimurium aisladas de cuyes enfermos y de cuyes aparentemente sanos.
Descripción morfológica de la musculatura del miembro pélvico de un ejemplar de lechuza común (Tyto alba)
Authors: Morales M. Pamela , Novoa G. Mariela
Published: November 2021

El objetivo de este estudio fue describir la musculatura de los miembros pélvicos de un ejemplar de lechuza común (Tyto alba). El espécimen cuenta con músculos potentes, con predominio en el desarrollo de los músculos flexores sobre los extensores. De manera general, existe similitud con la musculatura descrita en otras aves, especialmente rapaces; sin embargo, es importante destacar algunas diferencias, como por ejemplo, el m. iliofibular se encuentra bien desarrollado y se ubica caudal y superficial al m. iliotibial lateral; el m. femorotibial posee solo dos cabezas; los ms. ambiens y fibular largo no se observaron en el ejemplar estudiado, pero se observó el m. flexor lateral del muslo. El m. flexor digital largo posee solo una cabeza; los ms. perforantes y perforados se encuentran altamente fusionados y el m. extensor largo del dedo I presenta una pequeña cabeza muscular.
Antibiotic Use and Resistance at Intensive Care Unit of a Regional Public Hospital in Bali: A 3-Year Ecological Study
Authors: Meriyani, Herleeyana , Sanjaya Dwi A. , Sutariani Ni Wayan , Juanita RR. Asih , Siada Nyoman B.
Published: November 2021

Antibiotic resistance at Intensive Care Unit (ICU) has been impacted by several factors, including high utilization and selectivity. The consumption rate and its selective pressure appear very extensive, with regular opportunities for cross-transmissions. In addition, ICU patients are susceptible to carriage acquisition and subsequent infections with high resistant bacteria. Therefore, this study investigates the relationship between the use and resistance of antibiotics in the ICU of a regional public hospital. The results potentially serve as confirmations for planning programs necessary to control ICU-related antibiotic consumption levels. This ecological analysis was also based on inpatient retrospective data from a regional public hospital in Bali from 2017–2019. Subsequently, the amount of intake expressed as daily doses (DDDs) per 100 patient days, and percentage of resistant bacterial isolates were examined using Spearman rank correlation. The largest segment of the antibiotics was determined by drug utilization 90% (DU90%) and the phenotypic class was defined by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Similarly, the most predominantly applied antibiotics were levofloxcacin, ceftriaxone, ampicillin, cefotaxime, ciprofloxacin, ampicillin-sulbactam and gentamycin. Meanwhile, the major gram-negative bacteria were Acinetobacter baumannii, Enterobacter cloacae, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Furthermore, 5 multi drug resistant (MDR) bacteria were observed, including A. baumannii, E. cloacae, E. coli, K. pneumonia and P. aeruginosa, while A. baumannii and E. cloacae occurred as carbapenem resistant (CR) and extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant (ESCR), respectively. However, only E. coli showed a negative significant correlation between antibiotic utilization and the percentage of ICU bacterial sensitivity (r=–0,543; p=0,024). Therefore, higher consumption of antibiotics decreases its percentage susceptibility.
Therapeutic Response of Community Acquired Pneumonia in Geriatrics: A Case Series from Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Widyati, Widyati , Suryajaya I Wayan , Dilaga Arroyani A. , Hasanah Nidaul , Simorangkir Renni , Hidayaturahmah Rizky
Published: November 2021

Community acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a common major growing challenge to elderly populations. Several aging factors, including comorbidities, nutritional status and digestive dysfunctions have been associated with increasing CAP among older persons. Furthermore, Streptococcus pneumoniae remains the most predominant pathogen in geriatrics, although multiple drug resistance (MDR) species regularly occur, particularly in severe pneumonia. Broad-spectrum antibiotics or a combination of β-lactam and fluorokuinolones, or β-lactams and macrolides serve as a promising therapy mainly in critical CAP patients. This study describes two geriatric CAP cases representing two separate treatments with widely varied results. The combination of cefoperazone sulbactam-azithromycin did not generate suitable clinical response until 7 days. As a consequence, the macrolides were replaced with amikacin and continued for 3 days. Meanwhile, the cefoperazone sulbactam-levofloxacin samples significantly improved the clinical conditions under 9 days. The selection of antibiotics with sufficient lung penetration is important in providing the effective therapy. Conversely, azithromycin resistance potentially instigates ineffectiveness, but is also recommended due to its pleiotropic effects. The benefit of this case study shows that CAP treatment among older population requires a blend of antibiotics with either a fluorokuinolone or an aminoglycoside. In both instances, azitromisin is believed to demonstrate high resistance, therefore, it is incapable in functioning as a second antibiotic component.
The Aqaba Khans and the Origins of Khans in Jordan. An Archaeological Approach, by Reem Samed Al Shqour.
Authors: Ranieri Raffaele
Published: November 2021

The Aqaba Khans and the Origins of Khans in Jordan. An Archaeological Approach, by Reem Samed Al Shqour. Piscataway, NJ: Gorgias Press, 2019. 558 pp., $208.00 (hardback). ISBN-13: 9781463206512.
«Guard Everything Appropriately and All Will be Well»
Authors: Wendl Nora
Published: November 2021

The exhibition Edith Farnsworth, Reconsidered, on view from March 2020 to December 2021, presents the Farnsworth House (Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, Plano, Illinois, 1951) as it was inhabited by the client and reveals the lived history of the house to the public for the first time. Focusing on the period from 1951 to 1954, shortly after Dr. Farnsworth took ownership and just before a flood destroyed the interior furnishings from this time, the exhibition also traces a timeline of uncertainty: in 1951, Mies van der Rohe initiated the lawsuit van der Rohe vs. Farnsworth (1951–1955), suing his former client for unpaid bills and for ownership of the structure. This essay follows the chronology of that trial and its outcome, taking the temporary exhibition and heavily guarded trial transcript into consideration as twin artifacts: both of which occupy nearly the same period of time, and both institutionally “redacted” in order to protect the patriarchal legacy of the architect. Redaction, here, is seen as temporary: foreshadowing the future liberation of histories from the institutions that bind them.
Authorship and the Archive: The Reception of the Fun Palace Project
Authors: Bonet-Miró Ana
Published: November 2021

El Fun Palace, el emblemático complejo cultural iniciado en Londres en 1961 por Joan Littlewood y Cedric Price y cuya agenda iría progresivamente ganando en contingencia e inestabilidad hasta 1975, circula sin cesar en la investigación académica de la arquitectura en la actualidad. Sin embargo, el programa cultural del proyecto que emana del archivo y el papel de Littlewood en él aparecen en cierto modo neutralizados en estos discursos. Este artículo reconstruye los casi sesenta años de historia de la recepción del Fun Palace para investigar críticamente las condiciones que influyeron en la construcción de sus distintivas imágenes. La compleja topología del archivo del Fun Palace se vislumbra como un actor principal en la constitución de los modos de recepción del proyecto en la actualidad: la investigación académica y el activismo.
Impact of chemotherapy on antioxidant micronutrient levels in patients with mature lymphoid malignancies
Authors:   Department of Haematology and Blood Transfusion, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria, Akunwata Chima Uzoma , Olaniyi John Ayodele ,   Department of Haematology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
Published: November 2021

Introduction. Cancer treatments are now intense and are associated with nutritional deficiencies. The nutritional status of a patient may influence the tolerability of chemotherapy. Aim. We investigated the effects of chemotherapy on serum levels of trace elements (copper, iron, manganese, selenium, and zinc) and vitamins (A, C, and E) in patients with mature lymphoid malignancies (MLMs) at diagnosis and after 3 months. Material and methods. A case-control study of adults diagnosed with and treated for various MLMs. Thirty-nine cases and 39 age and sex-matched controls were recruited into this study. Venous blood samples were collected from the controls, cases at baseline and after 3 months of chemotherapy. Trace elements were determined by AAS while vitamins were determined by HPLC. Results. The levels of trace elements and antioxidant vitamins A and E were significantly higher (p<0.001) in cases than in controls while vitamin C was lower in cases compared to controls (p=0.005). After 3 months of treatment, 28 patients were available for analysis. There was a significant decline (p<0.001) in all the levels of trace elements and vitamins after chemotherapy. Conclusion. Chemotherapy is associated with a significant reduction in antioxidants levels in patients with MLMs.
Embolization as a method of treating aneurysms intracranial – a case study
Authors:   Faculty of Administration and Management in Rzeszow, Humanitas University in Sosnowiec, Poland, Kołodziej Wojciech ,   St. Queen Jadwiga Clinical District Hospital, No 2, Rzeszow, Poland, Kołodziej-Lackorzyńska Gabriela ,   Institute of Health Science, Medical College of Rzeszow University, Rzeszow, Poland,   St. Queen Jadwiga Clinical District Hospital, No 2, Rzeszow, Poland, Bodusz Dawid ,   Faculty of Administration and Management in Rzeszow, Humanitas University in Sosnowiec, Poland, Kołodziej Krzysztof ,   Institute of Health Science, Medical College of Rzeszow University, Rzeszow, Poland,   St. Queen Jadwiga Clinical District Hospital, No 2, Rzeszow, Poland
Published: November 2021

Introduction. Cerebrovascular accidents are the third leading cause of death in developed countries. It is a very debilitating disease of the brain structures in which aneurysms are located. For a long time, the only method of treating intracranial aneurysms was surgery. However, mainly due to the difficult placement of the aneurysms, surgical treatment was very difficult. Therefore, in 1953, the method of percutaneous arterial catheterization was developed, which became the basis for the improvement of the field of interventional radiology. Aim. The aim of the research is to describe the method of embolization of intracranial aneurysms and to illustrate it in selected clinical cases. Description of the case. Surgical management of a 60-year-old woman with intracranial aneurysm of the anterior communicating artery after performing computed tomography with contrast. Conclusion. The method of embolization of intracranial aneurysms is a reliable and accurate surgical method that significantly improves the health condition, quality of life of patients and reduces the mortality rate of cerebrovascular events.
The relationship between mindful eating, body mass index and physical activity in nursing students – a cross-sectional study
Authors:   Department of Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Zonguldak Bulent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Turkey, Topan Aysel , Ayyıldız Tülay Kuzlu ,   Department of Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Zonguldak Bulent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Turkey, Seval Müge ,   Department of Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Zonguldak Bulent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Turkey, Kurt Aylin ,   Department of Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Bartin Üniversity, Bartin, Turkey, Top Fadime Üstüner ,   Department of Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Giresun University, Giresun, Turkey
Published: November 2021

Introduction. One of the reasons of obesity in university students might be mindful eating. Aim. This study was performed to evaluate the relationship between mindful eating, body mass index (BMI) and physical activity in nursing students. Material and methods. This cross-sectional study was conducted with 718 nursing students in a university in Turkey. “Personal Information Form” and “Mindful Eating Questionnaire (MEQ)” were used as data collection tools. Results. Statistically significant differences were found between some mean subscale and total scores of MEQ based on sex of the students, their state of exercising regularly, number of their meals, their state of having snacks, the type of bread they often consumed and the frequency of eating fast foods (p<0.05). A significant relationship was found between age and BMI of the students and their mean subscale and total scores of MEQ (p<0.05). Conclusion. The older the nursing students grew, the higher their level of mindful eating became. Sociodemographic characteristics such as sex and presence of a person with obesity within the family affected subscales of their mindful eating. Mindful eating decreased as body mass index increased; and besides, mindful eating increased as physical activity increased.
Experience of autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases in a Turkish pediatric cohort with primary immunodeficiencies
Authors: Özcan Dilek , Serbes Mahir , Kışla Ekinci Rabia Miray , Balcı Sibel , Şaşihüseyinoğlu Ayşe Şenay , Bişgin Atıl , Altıntaş Derya Ufuk
Published: November 2021

Background: Primary immunodeficiency diseases (PID) are the diseases characterized by a dys-function of the immune system. Affected patients share a different phenotype such as chronic infections, allergy, autoimmunity, and autoinflammation.
Methods: In all, 433 children with PID were enrolled in this study. Clinical, laboratory, and demographic data of patients were reviewed retrospectively to investigate autoimmune and autoinflammatory complications. Autoinflammation in all patients with inflammation was con-firmed by genetic analysis after excluding infectious etiology.
Results: Clinical features of 433 PID patients were evaluated retrospectively with long-term fol-low-up. Autoimmune disorders were identified in 69 (15.9%) patients with PID; 31 (45%) patients had a history of autoimmune disease before diagnosis of PID. The frequency of autoimmunity in immune dysregulation subgroup (76.6%) was higher than other forms of PID. The most common autoimmune manifestations were reported to be Addison’s disease, hypoparathyroidism, and autoimmune hemolytic anemia. Autoinflammation were identified in 22 of the 433 (5.1%) patients with PID, including hyper immunoglobulin D syndrome (n = 9), Aicardi–Goutieres syn-drome 1 (n = 6), adenosine deaminase 2 deficiency (n = 3), Blau syndrome (n = 2), tumor necro-sis factor (TNF) receptor-associated periodic syndrome (n = 1), and auto-inflammation and phospholipase Cγ2-associated antibody deficiency and immune dysregulation syndrome (n = 1).
Conclusions: It is important to recognize association between autoimmunity, autoinflammation, and PID, which in the future could be useful for increased awareness and early diagnosis for these diseases.
Practical protocol of the food allergy committee of the SEICAP on open oral food challenges to nuts
Authors: Blasco-Valero Cristina , Claver-Monzón Ángela , Molini-Menchón Natalia , Martorell-Aragonés Antonio , García-Magán Carlos , Pereiro-Fernández Sara , Pinto-Fernández Celia , Piquer-Gibert Mónica , Prieto-del Prado Ana , Valdesoiro-Navarrete Laura , Vázquez-Ortiz Marta , Echeverria Luis
Published: November 2021

Food allergy is rising rapidly among children, and allergy to nuts is one of the most prevalent allergies among them. The category “nuts and seeds” include several plant foods from different botanical families, very different from each other. It is not uncommon to detect co-sensitization to different nuts. However, true co-allergy is less frequent. Up to 80% of patients with positive skin prick tests or specific IgE without true history of reaction who avoid certain nuts, might tolerate them in an Oral Food Challenge (OFC). Although molecular diagnostic techniques help to improve nut allergy diagnosis, OFC still remains the gold standard. For this reason, after reviewing the current bibliography and the recommendations of different allergy societies on standardization of open OFC, the Food Allergy Committee of the Spanish Society of Pediatric Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology (SEICAP) food allergy working group proposed a unified protocol to undertake these OFC, which include preliminary recommendations, unification of total dose, number of doses and interval between doses. Additionally, this group offers an interactive table to facilitate calculation of doses specific to each nut under study.
Perturbation of monocyte subsets in iron-deficient children – a shift to a pro-inflammatory state?
Authors: Dhankar Nimisha , Gupta Richa , Jain Shyam Lata , Mandal Shramana , Sarkar Beauty
Published: November 2021

Background: Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is the most prevalent micronutrient deficiency in preschool children in developing countries including India. IDA is associated with immune perturbation, which is reflected in greater frequency of infections in these children. Recent research has shown three distinct monocyte subsets with distinct functions linked to infectious, inflammatory, and autoimmune diseases. These subsets have not been studied in chil-dren with IDA.
Objective: The aim of the study was to assess the percentage of monocyte population and the three subset populations in children with IDA and to compare the data with age-matched healthy controls.
Methods: Venous blood samples (5 mL) from 40 IDA children and 20 controls were collected after taking informed consent. Monocyte subpopulations were compared across the two groups. The outcome variables were calculated using Students Independent t-test or Mann– Whitney U test. P value of <0.05 was taken as significant.
Results: No significant difference was found in the absolute numbers as well as percentages of total monocytes between the control and case (study) group. Children in the IDA group showed a significant (p = 0.03) decrease in the nonclassical subset population when compared to the control group.
Conclusion: This is the first study done on monocyte subsets in iron-deficient children. Decrease in nonclassical monocytes observed may be associated with a pro-inflammatory state and increased risk of inflammatory and auto immune diseases. Follow-up studies are needed to confirm these findings.
AN IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF COVID-19 ON THE SOUTH AFRICAN AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY
Authors:   North-West University, South Africa, Redda Ephrem Habtemichael , Surujlal Jhalukpreya ,   North-West University, South Africa
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this article is to provide an impact assessment of Covid-19 on the South African automotive industry. The study is exploratory in nature and employs descriptive quantitative analyses. Monthly time series data (01/2000-01/2021) available from Statistics South Africa (StatsSA) were used for analysis and to achieve the objectives of the study. The results indicate that since the beginning of March 2020, all categories started to show significant contraction, and the worst negative growth was observed in April at the height of the Covid-19 pandemic regulations imposed by the government. Measured in nominal values at current prices and compared on a year-on-year (YOY) basis, the largest negative annual growth rate (contraction) was in used vehicle sales, followed by new vehicle sales, income from sales of accessories, workshop income, fuel sales, and convenient store sales. The overall YOY actual motor trade sales contracted by a massive 84%, and when seasonally adjusted, by 81%. Led by used vehicle sales, the automotive industry was able to recover rather quickly as the restrictions imposed by the government were eased from May 2020 onwards. However, the overall performance of the industry is still in a worse state when compared to the preceding year, 2019. Looking forward, the gradual increase in overall motor trade sales suggests a positive trend of growth.
SERVICE QUALITY AND CUSTOMER SATISFACTION EXPERIENCE AMONG SOUTH AFRICAN MOBILE TELECOMMUNICATIONS CONSUMERS
Authors:   Walter Sisulu University, South Africa, Shava Herring
Published: November 2021

Mobile networks have become the most utilized pathway of communication but very little information is available on customers’ experiences with respect to service quality and satisfaction. Through a survey, data was gathered from 1451 participants to examine customers’ experiences of service quality and satisfaction. The study investigated whether service quality and customer satisfaction experiences were different in respect of the mobile network operator used by the customer. This study is cross sectional by design and quantitative in nature. A self-administered questionnaire was used to gather primary data from mobile network users. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. For inferential statistics, the multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was used. The results revealed that the mobile network operator used by the customer, had a significant impact on service quality and customer satisfaction levels. This study contributes academically by indicating how South African consumers perceive mobile network service providers. Furthermore, the study identifies shortcomings and areas of strengths of South African mobile network operators with regards to service quality and customer satisfaction.
IMPACT OF THE FED’S UNCONVENTIONAL MONETARY POLICY ON THE US FINANCIAL MARKET
Authors:   University of National and World Economy, Bulgaria, Trifonova Silvia , Kolev Svilen ,   Association of Banks in Bulgaria, Bulgaria
Published: November 2021

This paper is devoted to the unconventional monetary policy measures implemented by the US Federal Reserve (Fed) after the global financial crisis. The objective is to conduct an empirical analysis and econometric study on the effects of the US Fed non-standard monetary policy measures on the US financial market, namely by observing the reaction on the US 10-year government bond yield, the US stock market via the S&P 500 index, and the exchange rate of the US dollar versus the euro (EUR/USD). The observed period spreads from January 2009 to March 2019, with the use of monthly data. It captures the Fed’s unconventional monetary policy measures, the first steps of the then planned gradual termination of quantitative easing (QE) and lifting of the interest rates, which was reverted in the course of 2019 and 2020. The results from the constructed vector error correction model suggest that Fed’s monetary policy stance continues to influence the changes in the bond yields, the S&P 500 index, and the value of the US dollar through the interest rate, the portfolio balance, and the exchange rate channels. The findings show that the process of normalization of the monetary policy regarding the future interest rates path in the US under the Fed’s monetary policy must be carefully guided. It must be consistent with the macroeconomic conditions and the state of the financial sector. The impact on the developed and emerging markets must be considered as well, with the main aim of avoiding potential serious risks.
THE CO-INTEGRATING RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FINANCIAL INCLUSION AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN THE SOUTHERN AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT COMMUNITY
Authors:   BA ISAGO University, Botswana, Chiwira Oscar
Published: November 2021

This study examines the relationship between financial inclusion and economic growth in SADC. It uses panel data covering the period between 1995 to 2015 and employs the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) Bounds and the Toda and Yamamoto and Dolado and Lutkepohl (TYDL) models to examine the co-integrating relationship and the direction of causality respectively. The impact of financial inclusion on economic growth, when measured by the mobile penetration rate and the number of bank branches, diminishes in the long run to an extent of having a negative relationship with economic growth. This implies possible thresholds beyond which a negative impact on economic growth is realized. The long-run influence of financial inclusion on economic growth is hinged on financial technologies, measured by fixed broadband internet services, which have great potential to foster unique financial inclusion and shift the economic paradigm, leading to a digitalized economy. Only financial inclusion initiatives that result in increased bank deposit accounts promote economic growth. SADC is encouraged to liberalize its information and communications technology sector in order to fully benefit from financial inclusion initiatives. In addition, SADC should consider embracing international financial monitoring standards so that it does not fall behind the inevitable integration of the financial sectors.
FINANCIAL EDUCATION FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS: COMPARATIVE STUDY
Authors:   Lappeenranta-Lahti University of Technology, Finland, Mändmaa Sirli
Published: November 2021

The importance of financial literacy has rapidly increased in the last decades. The critical need for sustainable financial decisions is driven by changes in the economy. The goal of this study was to find out how the university students rate their acquired financial knowledge and knowledge providers, with the purpose to find solutions for promoting personal financial education to promote financial literacy. The study used Explanatory sequential mixed methods design, in which a quantitative part of study was conducted among 1110 participants, followed by a qualitative part with a sample of 22 students. Students at universities of technology from two neighboring countries, Estonia, and Finland, participated in the survey. The data were collected in a quantitative part through a questionnaire survey and in a qualitative part during three focus groups. Based on the results of the quantitative survey, questions and participants were purposefully selected for the qualitative phase in order to explain the content of the quantitative results. The results showed that students’ interest to improve their financial literacy was high. The assessments revealed that most important financial knowledge provider was the family, and the university came next. The obstacle that was most mentioned in the pursuit of pre-university education, was a lack of interest in obtaining financial knowledge, which was largely due to boring teachers and learning material. The article presents students' assessments, opinions, and suggestions, and contributes to the literature on Mixed Methods Research (MMR) by describing the procedure how the solutions to the research problem was found.
Wolność chrześcijańska w życiu i przepowiadaniu bł. Jerzego Popiełuszki
Authors: Zyzak Wojciech
Published: November 2021

Wolność należy do istotnych pojęć duchowości chrześcijańskiej. Wolność była też ważnym wymiarem życia i nauczania bł. ks. Jerzego Popiełuszki. Autor artykułu analizuje wolność w filozoficzno-teologicznym i kulturowym wymiarze, głównie jako wolność „do” czegoś i wolność „od” ograniczeń. Te wymiary są splecione z analizą wolności w sensie narodowym i politycznym.
Budowanie wspólnoty rodzinnej, kościelnej i ojczystej w nauczaniu i kulcie bł. ks. Jerzego Popiełuszki – męczennika
Authors: Swędrowski Jerzy
Published: November 2021

Życie, posługa i męczeństwo bł. ks. Jerzego Popiełuszki wpisują się w autentyczne świadectwo, które staje się inspiracją dla kolejnych pokoleń. W kontekście męczeństwa nabierają znaczenia fakty, które w ogólnym odbiorze są powszednie i bez wielkiego znaczenia. Świadectwo męczeństwa pozwala także uniknąć tworzenia apokryficznych opowieści i przesadnego skupiania się na nieistotnych detalach. Nauczanie bł. ks. Jerzego wypływało z jego doświadczenia wzrastania w środowisku rodzinnym i kościelnym, które cechowała miłość do Ojczyzny. Te doświadczenia budowały także wrażliwość na troskę o ludzi pracy i inne środowiska naznaczone opresją czy cierpieniem. W trzydzieści sześć lat od śmierci nie gaśnie, ale rozwija się kult ks. Jerzego. Jego nauczanie i postawa jest chętnie podejmowana jako wzorzec dla młodszych i starszych pokoleń. Świadectwo błogosławionego męczennika może dzisiaj być przyczynkiem do odnowy środowisk rodzinnych i parafialnych oraz ich głębszego osadzenia w dynamice słuchania słowa Bożego i w korzystaniu z sakramentów. Kult ks. Jerzego jest szansą na budowanie wspólnoty w szerokim wymiarze Ojczyzny. Ważnym elementem jest Sanktuarium na Żoliborzu, które jest żywą przestrzenią, przyciągającą ludzi ze wszystkich stron świata. Aktualność przesłania ks. Popiełuszki łączy się z wielkim zapotrzebowaniem na atrakcyjne postawy chrześcijańskie. Jest to szansa dla współczesnego duszpasterstwa, którego celem jest prowadzenie ludzi do osobistej relacji z Chrystusem i stawania się Jego autentycznym naśladowcą.
ORTHOPEDIC MANIFESTATIONS OF CONGENITAL VASCULAR MALFORMATIONS OF THE LOWER EXTREMITIES
Authors: Guk Yurii , Chernuha Larysa , Zyma Andrii , Cheverda Andrii , Kincha-Polischuk Tamara , Vyderko Roman
Published: November 2021

The spectrum of orthopedic manifestations of congenital vascular malformations of lower limbs remains insufficiently studied. Objective. To analyze the results of examination of patients with orthopedic manifestations of congenital vascular malformations. Methods. 24 patients with various forms of congenital vascular malformations of the lower extremities were examined. Distribution of patients according to the Hamburg classification of vascular malformations: arteriovenous type — 14 patients; venous — 6; capillary — 2; capillaryvenous — 1; lymphatic — 1 patient. The diagnosis of orthopedicpathology was performed on the basis of clinical examination, X-ray, ultrasound, X-ray densitometry. Results. All patients with congenital  vascular malformations were diagnosed with orthopedic pathology: leg length discrepancy (75 %), secondary scoliotic deformity (16 %), knee flexion contracture 40° (8 %), flatfoot (12 %), equinus deformity of the foot (8 %), osteoporosis of the affected limb (16 %), areas of pathological reconstruction of the affected bone (lytic areas) (4 %), hip osteoarthritis of the affected limb (grade 2) (4 %). Leg length discrepancy was observed due to the elongation of the affectedlimb — in 16 patients (67 %), shortening — in 2 (8 %). Leg length discrepancy was in the range of 0.5–6 cm. Elongation of the affected limb < 2 cm was noted in 5 patients (21 %), > 2 cm — in 11 patients (46 %); shortening of the affected limb < 2 cm was observed in one patient (4 %), > 2 cm — in one patient (4 %). Among the patients with  leg length discrepancy, 61 % had combinations of several orthopedic manifestations of the disease. Conclusions. Patients with congenital vascular malformations have a wide range of orthopedic pathology, among them the leading is leg length discrepancy (75 %) due to elongation(67 %) or shortening of the affected limb (8 %). Leg length discrepancy is most often observed in patients with arteriovenous type of vascular malformation (67 %), elongation of the lower limb > 2 cm (75 %) significantly predominating in this category. Among patients with a difference in the length of the lower limbs in 61 % of cases, there is a combination with other orthopedic manifestations of the disease. Systematization of orthopedic pathology and development lesions’ classification of the musculoskeletal system taking into account the forms of vascular malformation will improve the diagnosisof the disease and improve the tactics of its orthopedic treatment.
AGE-RELATED FEATURES OF BONE REGENERATION (LITERATURE REVIEW)
Authors: Korzh Mykola , Vorontsov Petro , Ashukina Nataliya , Maltseva Valentyna
Published: November 2021

The number of elderly people is constantly increasing all over the world. They are most often the patients who need orthopedic surgeries like arthroplasty, osteosynthesis and others. It is knownthat the process of bone regeneration depends on the patient’s age. However, certain characteristics of bone regeneration process depend on the age remain unclear, which is important for developingthe best strategies for treatment of elderly patients. Objective. Тo identify age-related features of bone regeneration and to establish possible ways of influencing them in order to optimize the boneregeneration in elderly patients. Methods. Literature search was performed in the PubMed database. Inclusion criteria were original experimental and clinical studies in English. The search depth is accepted for 20 years. Results. It has been experimentally and clinically shown that bone tissue regeneration slows down with age, which is more pronounced in women. According to scientific information, this involves two signaling pathways — Notch and Wnt/β-Catenin, the activity of which is suppressed with age. However, the regulation of regeneration is a cascade of signaling pathwaysand macromolecules. The expression of growth factors after fracture changes at older age compared to a younger one. In particular,a decrease in the expression of TGFβ-1 was clinically revealed. In addition, in older patients after fracture, an increase in macrophage colony-stimulating factor and VEGF was recorded. It has been experimentally established that a combination of a slowdownin bone tissue regeneration with a decrease in the content of Indian Hedgehog, Sonic Hedgehog, BMP-2, 4, -7 proteins and MMP-9 in bone callus has been established. Among the ways to overcome the delayed bone regeneration in elderly patients can be the use of modern technologies of cell and gene therapy, inhibitors of macrophages, biologically active factors at certain stages of bone regeneration. For cell therapy, it is important to take into account the age of the cell donor because of the high probability of functional disorders in cells from older donors.
Conformidade em Memória de Reconhecimento: Revisão Breve e Potenciais Direções de Pesquisa
Authors: Corrêa Flaviane , Araujo Ana Beatriz da Silva Mendes , Buratto Luciano Grüdtner
Published: November 2021

Resumo Conformidade de memória é o fenômeno em que relatos de memória de uma pessoa são modificados após exposição aos relatos de outra pessoa. Estudos sobre conformidade de memória são importantes tanto no âmbito puro quanto aplicado, especialmente quando os estímulos são carregados emocionalmente. No entanto, estudos de conformidade de memória com estímulos emocionais ainda são escassos. Além disso, os poucos estudos sobre o tema apresentam resultados contraditórios. Nesta revisão, apresentamos um breve resumo de pesquisas sobre conformidade de memória em tarefas de reconhecimento e avaliamos o papel moderador da emocionalidade na conformidade. Sugerimos como possível direção de pesquisas futuras a avaliação de duas variáveis, intervalo de retenção e distintividade dos estímulos, que podem ser cruciais para elucidar as inconsistências empíricas.
Paternity and Parenting in the Context of Eating Disorders: An Integrative Literature Review
Authors: Simões Michel da Matta , Santos Manoel Antônio dos
Published: November 2021

Abstract Family relationships seem to have relevant contribution to the etiopathogenesis of Eating Disorders (EDs). This study aimed to analyze the scientific production about the paternity and parenting experiences of fathers whose daughters developed EDs. The literature review was conducted through the databases LILACS, PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science and EMBASE, in the period from 1999 to 2019. From the 878 retrieved papers, 23 were selected for the analysis. The results show that paternity and parenting experiences are influenced by father’s personality traits. The dominant representation is of an affectionless and not empathetic father, as well as punitive and insensitive to the daughter’s emotional needs. Knowing the paternal experiences is central to subside sensible care to both, daughters’ and fathers’ demands.
Stakeholder participation in the formulation of Brazilian biofuel policy (RenovaBio)
Authors: Lazaro Lira Luz Benites , Thomaz Lais Forti
Published: November 2021

Abstract In this article, we examine the establishment of the Brazilian biofuels policy (RenovaBio). We identify whether there was participation of stakeholders, and efforts of interest groups (associations, sugar refineries, and fuel distributors) to send technical notes and comments in order to have their perspectives heard and demands met, mainly regarding the definition of individual targets for reducing greenhouse gases (GHG). Government documents and stakeholder comments were consulted. For this purpose, we used the social network analysis technique. We argue that the capacity for social participation in these hearings can increase the influence of specific groups on political decisions. The results of the study show the predominant participation of trade associations and companies linked to the energy and biofuels sector. RenovaBio reaffirms the argument in favor of decarbonization, energy security, and the contribution of biofuels to reducing GHG, as motivating and legitimizing factors for their establishment.
Law of Origin Integrator of Premodern - Modern Production Practices in Kankuamo Territory of Colombia
Authors: Leguizamón Yanine Rozo , Cortés Diego Armando Ospina , Rivera Adriana Tofiño , López Antonio José López
Published: November 2021

Abstract The Kankuamo people from Sierra Nevada of Santa Marta [SNSM], Colombia, are undergoing a process of recovering their local knowledge and self-determination as an indigenous people; however, exogenous information affects their decisions and contributes to their acculturation. In this contr nnovative ones recommended by the Colombian Agricultural Research Corporation [AGROSAVIA]. This study seeks to contribute to the construction of a Hybrid Methodology that integrates the two positions by identifying emerging points of intersection in social, cultural, agro-environmental, political, and economic activities in its territory. It concludes on the need to align technological innovation strategies with the “Law of Origin” that governs the life of its people in the search for “good living”, to adopt them without detriment to their autonomy and cosmogony.
Sustainability Assessment of Sanitation Indicators in the PCJ Watersheds 2020-2035 Plan
Authors: Bega João Miguel Merces , Borges André do Vale , Lago César Ambrogi Ferreira do , Mendes Jakeline Pertile , Azevedo Paulo de Tarso de , Santos Welington José Rocha dos , Mariosa Duarcides Ferreira
Published: November 2021

Abstract Understanding how variables that integrate sustainability indexes behave is essential due to the limitation of natural resources under a growing demand. Based on case study and exploratory research techniques, this paper aimed to analyze the levels of collected and treated wastewater in the PCJ Basins Water Resources Plan for the 2020-35 period. We sought to validate the indicators based on Gibson’s sustainability principles, relating them to the 6.2 and 6.3 targets of the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 6. It was concluded that the indicators are important to evaluate processes to achieve SDG 6. However, the indicators have flaws and can mask important information, preventing more assertive decision making. The target to achieve the 2035 reference scenario was found to be valid for four of Gibson’s sustainability principles.
O DESENHO, UMA DISCIPLINA DE PREPARAÇÃO PARA UMA PROFISSÃO
Authors: Rodrigues Alexandra , Matos José Manuel
Published: November 2021

RESUMO Pretende-se averiguar a importância que o ensino do desenho assume na educação técnico-profissional. Em primeiro lugar, buscaremos a evolução das intenções legislativas sobre o ensino dessa disciplina e o modo como seu âmbito foi sendo alterado. Em segundo lugar, analisa-se um manual prestigiado do princípio do século XX, que condensa o saber escolar sobre desenho, tal como era entendido nessa época.
Settlement mechanism and improvement of thick silty sand layer overlying mud foundation
Authors: Li Bingyi , Cheng Xiao , Fan Yanbo , Qian Bin , Chen Yonghui
Published: November 2021

Many highways have been built on the eastern coast of China in the past decades. Recently, some engineering problems have emerged after long-term operation. Due to the different properties between the underlying soil and bridge pile foundations, the problem of bumping at the bridge head is inevitable. To study the potential causes and provide insight for future improvement, the settlement of typical highways in the Hangzhou Bay area, which had been open to traffic for more than 10 years, was investigated. After an analytical calculation with the verification of the numerical method and field data, it was indicated that long-term deformation was mainly caused by the poor properties of the lower of the two layers that make up the underlying soil. The trend of the variation of the lower layer keeps increasing at a slow rate during the construction period, resulting in sustained and rapid changes during the following years. Different kinds of ground improvement such as lightweight materials and soil–cement columns generated by deep mixing or jet grouting methods are discussed. The improvement of the lower layer will be more effective. With the analytical method, it is convenient and efficient to calculate and analyse the settlement at different periods, which is significant for design.