bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
مشكلات العاملين في الفضائيات العراقية وانعكاسه على مستوى تعرض الجمهور للفضائيات دراسة ميدانية للقائم بالاتصال والجمهور في بغداد 2014
Authors: الكعبي رعد
Published: August 2023

تبقى الأجواء التي يعمل بها الصحفيون مدعاة لتطوير عملهم وبالتأكيد ينعكس ذلك على أداء الوسيلة ومستوى تعرض الجمهور لها .

تقوم مشكلة البحث الذي نحن بصدده على غموض العلاقة بين المشكلات التي يعاني منها العاملون في الفضائيات ومستوى تعرض الجمهور للفضائيات ولعل أهم الأهداف التي وضعها الباحث أثبات العلاقة بين مشكلات العاملين في الفضائيات ومستوى تعرض الجمهور للفضائيات وإثبات اتجاه هذه العلاقة ولذلك استخدم الباحث أداتان واحدة استمارة استبيان للقائمين بالاتصال من العاملين في الفضائيات والثانية استمارة استبيان للجمهور بشرط أن يتعرض الجمهور لذات القضايا التي يعمل عليها العاملين في الفضائيات واختار الباحث عينة قصدية من (176) وفق جدول حجم العينات الذي اعتمده ثم اختار عينة من (200) فرد من الجمهور كعينه قصدية بشرط متابعتهم لذات القنوات التي يعمل بها الإعلاميون واستخدم نظرية الاعتماد على وسائل الإعلام.. وباستخدام وسائل التحقق من الفروض تبين للباحث ان 61% من العاملين في الفضائيات لديهم مشكلات يعانون منها في حين أن لنا عن علاقة بين متابعة وسائل الأعلام ومضامين التغطيات تبقى الأجواء التي يعمل بها الصحفيون
إسهامات رشيد الدين الصوري (573- 639هـ/1177-1241م) في تطور الحضارة العربية الاسلامية (علم النبات إنموذجاً)
Authors: دلي حمدية
Published: August 2023

من خلال ما تقدم يتضح لنا أن هذا العالم العربي قدم الكثير من العلاجات في الأمور الطبية، تمكن من استخلاصها من النباتات، الأمر الذي جعله يتفوق على اقرانه بشفاء المرضى، بدليل تكليفه بعلاج السلاطين والأمراء، وإشرافه على الأطباء، ومن خلال الاطلاع على إسهاماته العلمية في علاج المرضى نباتياً.

إذ توصلنا من خلال هذه الدراسة إلى نتائج عدة كان أبرزها:

1. حاز علم النبات على عناية العرب المسلمين إلى الدرجة التي فاقوا بها الغرب، لاسيما في العصور الوسطى وتوصلوا إلىالعديد من الاكتشافات العلاجية.

2. يعتبر رشيد الدين الصوري من العلماء الموسوعيين، فهو الطبيب والكيميائي والصيدلي والعشاب في آنٍ واحد.

3. حظي علم النبات على العناية الفائقة من قبل الصوري، وبرع به إلى الدرجة التي فاق بها أقرانه من العلماء.

4. أقدم على استخدام المنهج التجريبي، وهو من المناهج العلمية الحديثة التي يعتمد عليها علماء النبات في عالمنا المعاصر.

5. حظي بإعجاب معاصريه، لاسيما من السلاطين والأمراء الأيوبيين الذين أرسلوا في طلبه حتى أصبح أحد أعضاء حاشية البلاط، ورئيساً للأطباء في عهد السلطان الناصر الايوبي.

6. كانت له مكانة مرموقة عند المؤرخين، مما دفعهم إلى تسميته بعميد أطباء دمشق.

7. كوّن مدرسة علمية متنقلة اشتملت على جملة من أفاضل العلماء، إذ أختصت بمعالجة المرضى، وتخصيص العقاقير النباتية المناسبة لهم.

8. كان له الفضل الكبير في اكتشاف بعض العقاقير، مثل الترياق الذي يمنع من امتصاص السم في جسم الانسان، وهو من الأكتشافات الرائدة في عصره.

9.يعود اليه الفضل في اكتشاف العديد من الأدوية النباتية التي أفادت منها البشرية حتى وقت قريب من العصور الحديثة.
قنوات التفاعل الفكري والديني المكانية في شبه الجزيرة العربية قبل الاسلام
Authors: أبراهيم أمل
Published: August 2023

سادت في شبه الجزيرة العربية قبل الاسلام منظومات عقائدية وفكرية متنوعة شكلت بمجموعها محيطا اجتماعيا متجانسا وجدت فيه قنوات فكرية ودينية ساهمت في اغناء تلك المنظومات ،وفي تطوير العقلية العربية من خلال تفاعل افرادها بعضهم مع البعض الآخر ،وارتبطت تلك القنوات بأماكن محددة واوقات معلومة ،كالحج والاسواق ومجالس القبيلة والاديرة والكنائس النصرانية ،وتجلت اهمية تلك القنوات على صعيد البحث والتفكر في العقيدة الصحيحة ونبذ الوثنية السائدة كما تمثلت بوجود الرغبة في توحّد العرب وانصهارهم في دولة مركزية واحدة ،وتفاوتت اهمية تلك القنوات من ناحية درجة تأثيرها على مجتمع عرب قبل الاسلام فأمتد تأثير بعضها الى عموم الناس كالحج والاسواق ومجالس القبيلة ،واقتصر تأثير البعض الآخر منها على على فئة معينة منهم كانت قد امتلكت صفات ومواهب خاصة كتوفر الوعي الفكري والمعرفة بالقراءة والكتابة والرغبة في البحث والاستقصاء ،نحو الاديرة والكنائس المسيحية
الحشد الشـعبي وأثره في تحقيق الانتصارات العراقية على (داعـش دراسة تاريخية)
Authors: ابراهيم علياء
Published: August 2023

تعرض العراق للعديد من المحاولات الاستعمارية للسيطرة على ارضه والاستفادة من خيراته ونهب ثرواته على مر العصور , ولاسيما بعد عام 2003 والتغييرات التي حدثت في العراق ومنها دخول القوات الامريكية الى ارض العراق ومنذ اليوم الاول لدخول القوات أعلن المرجع الديني الاعلى في العراق السيد السيستاني (دام ظله) بعدم التعاون مع المحتل وحث العراقيين على التكاتف والتعاضد والتعاون من أجل المحافظة على ارض العراق ووحدته  , ولكن على الرغم من الإمور التي حث عليها المرجع الاعلى السيستاني أدى الى ظهور جماعات إرهابية والتي تسعى الى تمزيق العراق ووحدته , ومنها ظهور(داعش) عام 2014 ما يسمى ب(تنظيم الدولة الاسلامية) والتي استولت على  الموصل في العام نفسه وكانت في سعيها للسيطرة على المناطق العراقية كافة لولا تدخل المرجعية الدينية العليا . لذلك تم اختيار هذا الموضوع لمحاولة التعرف على اهم  الامور والاحداث التي حصلت   .
دور قوات الحشد الشعبي في عودة النازحين الى اراضيهم
Authors: الطائي نهى
Published: August 2023

تعد عملية " التهجير والنزوح " في العالم بصورة عامة ، والعراق بصورة خاصة ، من اخطر وابشع المشكلات اليوم التي تهدد الانسانية ، اذ انه من يلتقي بالمهجرين والنازحين ويستمع الى قصص نزوحهم عن اراضيهم ، لا شك انه سيصاب بالذهول والدهشة ، لعظيم معاناتهم ومأساتهم ، فلنا ان نتصور : كيف ان الناس خرجوا من مناطقهم وكثيرا منهم لا يعلم عن حال باقي افراد عائلته واين هم ، وما هي وجهتهم ؟ ، والبعض الاخر من لهم معاق او مريض او مسن في اسرتهم ، فاضطروا الهروب وتركه في الدار، او تركه على طريق الهروب بعد ان داهمهم الخطر ، بل ان البعض تركوا في الدار بعض افراد اسرتهم حينما اعياهم التعب والجوع والعطش ، ولم يكن لهم وسيلة لحملهم ، فالعديد من الناس قد نزحوا هاربين سيرا على اقدامهم ، ومنهم من لم يستطع دفن ذويهم حينما قتلوا امامهم .

ان مثل هؤلاء الناس من المهجرين والنازحين يحتاجون الى استعادة اوطانهم واستعادة كرامتهم ممن حاول تدميرهم واهانتهم وغزوهم وسرقتهم. فكان ذلك من خلال قوات الحشد الشعبي.

وتعد قوات الحشد الشعبي، مجموعة من البشر الذين كان لهم مواقف انسانية عدة، عبرت بصورة مباشرة عن حبهم وانتمائهم للوطن، اذ هب ابناءنا واخواننا من الحشد الشعبي بمختلف أعمارهم شيباً وشباباً ويافعين بحمل السلاح والانخراط في الحشد والمشاركة في تحرير المناطق المغتصبة من الدواعش المجرمين وأعطوا ثمن ذلك انهاراً جارية من دماء الشهداء المضحين من اجل عزة وكرامة وشرف جميع العراقيين ملبيين نداء المرجعية الرشيدة دفاعاً عن الأرض والعرض.

ومن اجل التعرف على دور الحشد الشعبي في استرجاع الاراضي المحتلة للنازحين، قامت الباحثة ببناء مقياس للتعرف على ذلك الدور، والذي تالف من (16) فقرة، تم الاجابة عليها من قبل عينة البحث البالغة (200) من النازحين من كلا الجنسين (ذكور – اناث) من منطقة جبل المنصورة في محافظة ديالى.

وبعد تطبيق فقرات الاداة على عينة البحث، اظهرت النتائج بان هناك دور كبير لقوات الحشد الشعبي في استرجاع عدد من المناطق للنازحين العراقيين في محافظة ديالى، وهذا يعني الانتصارات الهائلة التي حققها مقاتلينا من قوات الحشد الشعبي في تلك المناطق المحتلة على ايدي عناصر داعش الارهابية.
اسماء نقشت بماء العزة والكرامة ( تراجم سيرة المجاهد ابو تراب الهلالي معاون قائد عمليات نينوى )
Authors: عويز هيثم
Published: August 2023

شهد تاريخ العراق الكثير من المعارك على مدى العصور التاريخية , والشي المميز في ( العراق ) , أن كل يمر فيه من حروب يدون لنا التاريخ هناك صناع للشهادة وابطال يأخذون على عاتقهم الدفاع عن الوطن والتضحية بالغالي والنفيس من اجل ارض هذا الوطن.

في عام 2003  انتقل نظام الحكم في العراق من نظام جمهوري الى نظام برلماني ينتخب من قبل الشعب, شهدت الساحة السياسية بعد سقوط النظام الجمهوري صراعات وحروباً طائفية , حتى عام 2014  عندما تعرض العراق الى هجمة أرهابية وحشية تعرف بتنظيم الدولة الاسلامية ( داعش ) وهو عبارة عن تنظيم مسلح يتبع فكر جماعات سلفية تعتقد بإعادة الخلافة الاسلامية , وتطبيق الشريعة , بقيادة ابي بكر البغدادي 0 وأستطاع هذا التنظيم أن يبسط نفوده وسيطر على قسم من المحافظات الشمالية والمحافظات الغربية , وصولاً الى اطراف العاصمة بغداد 0

ما هي أيام معدودة حتى دوى صوت يتهدج بحب الوطن ويستنهض الضمير بعبارة ( الجهاد الكفائي )  التي صدرت بتاريخ 13 حزيران 2014 من محافظة النجف الاشرف من مرجع الاعلى اية الله العظمى السيد الحسيني السيستاني( دام ظله ), وأعلنها ممثله عبد المهدي الكربلائي في خطبة الجمعة بالحرم الحسيني داعياً لمحاربة تنظيم داعش الذي أحتل معظم مساحات شمال وغربي العراق وعلى أثرها تشكل ما يعرف بالحشد الشعبي, وقد مثلت هذه الفتوى نقطة تحول مهمه في مسار الاحداث العراقية.

وتعد فتوى بحجم الحياة وشباب تشابكت اياديهم وقلوبهم , غير مبالين الا باستجابة نداء المرجعية لحماية الوطن, وقد وصفت فتوى الجهاد الكفائي بالفتوى الربانية الذي انقذت العراقيين والعرب والمسلمين والناس اجمعين من  اخطر وباء في تاريخ البشرية  اسمه الارهاب, لقد خابت وفشلت كل الخطط والحسابات من أقوى دول العالم وأكثرها تفردا وتقدما في الجانب التكنلوجي بفعل الفتوى الربانية والتي استقبلتها الجموع بالترحيب , والتنفيذ فتسابقت الرجال ومن كل الأعمار وفي بعض الأحيان عوائل ضمت الجد والأبن والحفيد للتطوع في الدفاع عن الوطن ونتيجة للأيمان الذي يمتلكه المقاتل أخذ يسطر أروع الملاحم الجهادية حتى أصبح عنوانه مخيف للأعداء.

 ومن نتائج فتوى الجهاد الكفائي هي وحدة العراق والعراقيين بكل اطيافهم واعراقهم ومحفظاتهم وتأسيس الحشد الشعبي المقدس الذي انتمى اليه كل عراقي صادق مخلص محب للحياة ومعتز بالإنسانية وقيمها السامية النبيلة  بغض النظر عن لونه عرقه , وهكذا توحد الشعب العراقي بجميع أطيافه السني والشيعي والعربي والتركماني والكردي والمسلم والمسيحي والايزيدي والصابئي في صرخة واحدة انا عراقي انساني  هيهات منا الذلة, فكانت هذه الفتوى قوة لا يمكن وصفها حيث منحت من  لبى هذه الفتوى وانتمى الى الحشد الشعبي المقدس قوة روحية وجسدية نعجز عن تحديدها قد لا تصدق شخص في الثمانين من العمر يتسابق مع ابن العشرين في ميدان الحرب في مواجهة الكلاب الوهابية والصدامية صارخا بوجوههم هيهات منا الذلة داعيا الى حياة حرة كريمة  قائلا  مهمة الانسان الحر  في الحياة اقامة العدل وازالة الظلم نشر النور وتبديد الظلام والا ليس حرا هكذا علمنا الامام على والامام الحسين عليهما السلام.

 وقد خلدت لنا حكاية يعجز وصفها ابرع الادباء, وقد اثمرت لنا لحمة وطنية جمعت ابناء الوطن  من الشمال الى الجنوب ووحدت كلمتهم لتبدأ عمليات تحرير العراق , بسواعد ابطال  نقشت اسماؤهم بماء العزة والكرامة , ومن كوكبة هذه الاسماء المجاهد ابو تراب الهلالي 0
جهاد العلماء وعلماء الجهاد
Authors: الظالمي حسن
Published: August 2023

(من هوان الدنيا على الله ان يتسلط الطغاة على العالم ، وتكون لهم الجولة و الحكم على العلماء ، ويكون للكفر ذراع طويل على بلاد المسلمين وأرضهم الطاهرة ) ."الشيخ بشير النجفي"

هذه مقولة قصيرة لاحد مراجع المسلمين في النجف الاشرف نطل من خلالها على ما قام به العلماء والمجتهدون في البلدان الإسلامية من بذل الدماء والأموال والجهود من اجل حفظ بيضة الإسلام وتحصين بلاد المسلمين من ان يدنسها الكافر والمحتل على مّر التاريخ .

إنها صفات ناصعة تفخر بها الإنسانية ، إذ لم تذل ولم تركع هام المسلم المجاهد من اتباع اهل البيت (ع) وعلى طول تاريخهم لظالم أو متسلط أو كافر معتدٍ ، وما ذلك إلا بوحي من سيرة أئمتهم العظام وجهادهم البطولي عبر تاريخهم الطويل وهم يقارعون الطغاة والجبابرة ويقدمون أنفسهم رخيصة في سبيل المبدأ والعقيدة ، وقد سار العلماء المجاهدون ومراجع الدين على طريق أئمتهم في مقارعة الظالم وعدم الاستكانة للكافر حين هادنه الكثير أو قبعوا في بيوتهم خوفاً على حياتهم وأسرهم وهم صاغرون ، وما أردت ان اكتب في هذه الوريقات القليلة يرمز الى تاريخ مشرق وجهاد طويل وفي عرض البلاد الإسلامية وطولها قام به علماء ومراجع الإسلام من ثورات عظيمة وما بذلوه من جهود مضنية كلفتهم حياتهم وأعداداً كبيرة من شيعتهم في سبيل نصرة الحق والدفاع عن الدين وحياطه الوطن الإسلامي الكبير .

إن القلم ليقف عاجزاً عن تمجيد تلك المواقف لعظم البطولة اولاً ولكثرة الاحداث والمواقف ، وما قامت به ما هو الا إشارات بسيطة وأسطر قليلة لذكر تلك المواقف وهي توضح مواقفهم وجهادهم بالقلم والمال والسلاح والأرواح .

رحِمَ الله علماءنا الماضين وحرس الباقين والرحمة والرضوان على اتباعهم المجاهدين الذي سالت دماؤهم رخيصة عملاً بفتاوى مراجعهم الصائبة .
Ethics and Regulation in Bionanotechnology: A Step Further in Ethical Rules and its Applications
Authors: Ukochovwera Oghenetejiri , Ologan Eloho Ukochovwera
Published: August 2023

Nanobiotechnology can be defined as the interconnection between technology and nanoscale. Many questions have been raised on ethical and regulatory issues. This has to do with the safety of humans and the environment. In nano biotechnology their a lot of risks and benefits in nanobiology. The EU Commission intends to place nanobiotechnology in the structure. The development of bionanotechnology is fast-growing including the ethical issue. This write-up shows the importance of ethical issues in bionanotechnology, these ethical issues cut across all other fields in biotechnology. In nanotechnology, there is a lot of implication that affects society and human. There is a difference in great impact but many needs to know more about nanotechnology. Some researchers are researching ethical and societal problems.
Cervical Epidural Blood Patch for Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension-A Case Report
Authors: Bae Jangho , Kim Gihyang , Daehun Goh , Shin Kiyoung , Kang Seongsik
Published: August 2023

Spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH) is an uncommon disorder caused by cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks in the spine. Treatment is directed at sealing the site of leak, which is often difficult to localize. We present a case of near fatal SIH that was treated with cervical epidural blood patch (EBP) and burr hole drainage of the hematoma. A 41-year old male presented with severe headache after drinking alcohol over several weeks. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed features typical of SIH. But, further imaging with MR myelography and radionuclide cisternography failed to identify a precise site of leak. Despite lumbar EBP, the patient’s orthostatic headache recurred and developed acute subdural hematoma(SDH) to require burr hole drainage for hematoma evacuation. After surgery, the patient’s mental state improved, and the amount of SDH decreased, but he still complained of severe orthostatic headache. We performed EBP at cervico-thoracic junction level. The headache was rapidly relieved and the SDH was completely absorbed. In this case, we aim to remind clinicians that cervical EBP should be considered management for SIH as an alternative to the repeated lumbar blood patch.
A Systemic Approach to the Evaluation of Tourism Marketing Strategies Shaped by the Pandemic
Authors: Archontaki Antonia , Papakitsou Koralia , Papakitsos Evangelos
Published: August 2023

This study considers the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and the global health crisis caused on tourism marketing strategies internationally. The marketing strategies proposed and implemented by international tourism business community are described, in order to deal with the health crisis and to recover the global tourism movement. The general concepts of the research and the methodological tools are listed, with which the present study was conducted and which focused on the application of systems science in information management. Finally, the above strategies are evaluated from the perspective of systems science.
A Legal Critique of the Offence of Murder Arising from the Doctrine of Last Seen
Authors: Adetifa Emmanuel K , Ogunkorode Oluwayemi O.
Published: August 2023

Man is a social animal that interacts and associates with other people in his environment. But there are situations where his human relationship may be negatively impacted. One of such instances is a situation where the person who was last seen with the accused dies and the accused is presumed to be liable for the death of the person. The doctrine of last seen is often relied upon by the prosecution in such circumstance. The doctrine of last seen is a principle in the offence of homicide particularly murder. It is one of the concept or principles that points to the accused person as the culprit responsible for the death of the deceased/victim. For an accused person to be held liable and convicted for the death of the deceased, the evidence of the prosecution must be compelling, irresistible and point to the accused person. This study examined and carried out a critique of the doctrine of last seen as one of the principles of murder with particular reference to an examination of the concept of murder, the doctrine of last seen, the exceptions thereto and the consideration of the doctrine of last seen in India. This study adopted doctrinal research methodology and also placed reliance on both primary and secondary sources. This study concluded that this doctrine should be painstakingly applied to avoid a hasty and erroneous or fatal conclusion as to the cause of death of a person who was last seen with the accused person.
MACHINE LEARNING FOR DEFECT DETECTION IN PRODUCT MANUFACTURING
Authors:   Doctor of Technical Science, Docent, Moscow state institute of international relations (university), Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia, Erokhin Viktor V. , Koryakin Arkady R. ,   Graduate Student, Moscow State Technical University named after N.E. Bauman, Moscow, Russia
Published: August 2023

In the production of products, the detection of defects in the process of their manufacture ensures a reduction in the cost of manufacturing a product and an increase in labor productivity. Modern product defect detection methods often rely on simple defect detection methods and manual validation of data from sensors that monitor the quality of the product and the manufacturing process. To improve the quality of a product manufacturing line, it is necessary to develop machine learning tools for more reliable and accurate detection of product defects. The use of machine learning to detect product defects in the construction of reference cycles, the use of clustering and time series forecasts to detect product defects is presented. A method for automated detection of product defects has been developed by combining the methods of cluster analysis and time series forecasting. The study of the detection of marriage is carried out on a production line for the manufacture of products of the construction industry of mass use from composite materials.
CLASSIFICATION OF FACTORS AFFECTING THE DEVELOPMENT OF NEURAL NETWORKS
Authors:   Student, Yaroslavl State Technical University, Yaroslavl, Russia, Lamova Ekaterina V. , Voevodina Elena I. ,   Senior Lecturer, Yaroslavl State Technical University, Yaroslavl, Russia, Kvasha Vladimir A. ,   Director, Yaroslavl Branch of the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Yaroslavl, Russia, Burykin Alexey D. ,   Professor, Academy of Labor and Social Relations, Moscow, Russia
Published: August 2023

The article discusses the history of the creation and development of artificial neural networks. The relevance and necessity of classification of factors affecting the development of a neural network is revealed. The authors analyzed the history of neural networks. Based on the analysis, the key factors that influenced the rapid periods of development and sharp periods of falling interest in artificial neural networks were identified.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE SYSTEMS AND CYBERSECURITY ISSUES
Authors:   PhD, associate Professor of the Department «System analysis in economics», Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia, Zvyagin Leonid S.
Published: August 2023

With the development of modern technologies and various programs, as well as due to the increase in the number of cyber attacks, issues related to cybersecurity and the use of artificial intelligence systems are particularly acute. Technologies for improving artificial intelligence do not stand still, but continue to develop rapidly, thanks to which the use of artificial intelligence is an integral part in solving problems and issues in cybersecurity. Thus, artificial intelligence is expanding its scope of application every year and is actively used in information systems to solve many problems, but its use in protecting against cyber attacks serves as one of the key areas in information security. Many users and organizations have changed their approach to providing a high level of protection, using artificial intelligence and using it to organize database protection. Thus, it is necessary to continue to actively work on the creation of more effective artificial intelligence systems, as it is necessary to stop the spread of malicious viruses of various kinds, various programs and try to minimize the number of cyber attacks.
CLUSTER ANALYSIS OF DISTRIBUTION LAWS LOGARITHMIC STOCK RETURNS RUSSIAN COMPANIES
Authors:   Candidate of Physicomathematical Science, Associate Professor. Associate Professor of the Department of Mathematics Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia, Krivolapov Sergei Ya.
Published: August 2023

The problem of systematization of the laws of distribution of the logarithmic profitability of shares according to the data on stock quotes of 216 companies on the Moscow Exchange is considered. For each company, the "distance" (used in Kolmogorov's fit test) is calculated from its sample to 12 symmetrical distribution laws. According to the results of cluster analysis of the obtained data array, 5 relatively homogeneous clusters were identified. Python language tools are used to fit the distribution law and perform cluster analysis.
Application of Punishment to Criminals for Persons with Mental Disorders
Authors: Iqfal Mohamad , Ajie Bintang Wicaksono , Dewanto Wishnu
Published: August 2023

There are many aspects that must be reviewed in responding to criminal acts, one of which is related to the psychology of criminals. Hence, the problem arises which can be explained by the formulation of the concept or form of punishment according to criminal theory against people with mental disorders and how legal arrangements are related to crime with perpetrators who have mental disorders. In the interest of law enforcement, a person suspected of having mental disorders due to an illness or more commonly called ODGJ who commits a crime must first get a mental health examination, if referring to several court decisions on existing discussions and regulations, then of course criminal renspobility by the perpetrator with mentally disturbed due to illness still implemented. However, first a psychiatric and psychological examination must be carried out to determine whether the person has a mental disorder or not. After it is definitely diagnosed that there is a disturbance in the perpetrators soul which causes him to be unable to take rensposiblity for his actions, treatment related to his illness will be carried out first.
Çocukların Otizme İlişkin Tutumları Ölçeği’nin Türkçeye Uyarlanması
Authors: GİRGİN İrem , ILGAZ Gökhan , SELVİ Esra
Published: August 2023

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Derguy, Aubé, Rohmer, Maro ve Loyal’ın (2021) geliştirdiği “Çocukların Otizme İlişkin Tutumları Ölçeği”ni Türkçeye uyarlamaktır. Yapılan çalışmalar otizmin artık günümüzde sıklıkla karşılaşılan bir engel grubu haline geldiğini göstermektedir. Toplumun her kademesinde karşılaşılabilecek bireylerin ötekileştirilmeden kaynaştırılması önem taşımaktadır. Sınıf ortamındaki negatif düşünceler kaynaştırmanın önündeki engellerden birisi olarak belirtilmiştir. Öğrencilerin otizmli bireylere ilişkin düşüncelerinin ve tutumlarının önemi bu noktada ortaya çıkmaktadır. Dolayısıyla bu çalışmanın temel amacı çocukların otizmli bireylere ilişkin tutumlarını belirleyerek alanyazındaki boşluğun doldurulmasıdır. Bu çalışma, 3. sınıf ve 4. sınıf kademelerinde eğitim görmek olan 224 öğrenci ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ölçeğin orijinal yapısı doğrulayıcı faktör analizinde kabul edilebilir değerler üretmediği için önce açımlayıcı faktör analizi yapılmıştır. AFA sonunda orijinal boyutlardaki bazı maddelerin çıkarak aynı boyutların korunduğu gözlemlenmiştir. Yapılan ikinci DFA sonucunda kabul edilebilir değerler üretilmiştir. Türk kültürüne göre elde edilen yeni ölçekle elde edilen puanlara göre, cinsiyet ve sınıf düzeyleri ortalamaları karşılaştırılmış ve anlamlı bir fark bulunamamıştır.
Özel Eğitim Öğretmenlerinin Öğretmenlik Uygulaması Eğitimi Sertifika Programı’na İlişkin Görüşleri
Authors: DAYI Eylem , DÖNMEZ Duygu , DURGUN Mesut
Published: August 2023

Bu çalışmanın amacı, özel eğitim öğretmenlerinin Öğretmenlik Uygulaması Eğitimi Sertifika Programı’na ilişkin görüşlerinin belirlenmesidir. Bu amaçla araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden durum (vaka) deseni kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın katılımcılarını Ankara ilindeki özel eğitim uygulama okul ve sınıflarında özel eğitim öğretmeni olarak görev yapmakta olan 17 öğretmen oluşturmaktadır. Katılımcılar, amaçlı örnekleme türlerinden ölçüt ve kartopu örnekleme birlikte kullanılarak belirlenmiştir. Çalışmada araştırmacıların geliştirdiği yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu veri toplamak amacıyla kullanılmıştır. Toplanan veriler betimsel olarak analiz edilmiştir. Bu çerçevede araştırmada birbirine benzeyen veriler temalar ve alt temalar kapsamında bir araya getirilmiş araştırma sorularına uygun şekilde sunulmuştur. Araştırmanın sonucunda özel eğitim öğretmenlerinin görüşlerinden, öğretmenlik uygulaması sertifika programının yürütülme sürecine ilişkin dokuz, programın uygulama öğrencileriyle çalışmalarına katkılarına ilişkin olarak bir ve programın geliştirilmesine ilişkin beş tema ve bu temalara ilişkin alt temalar elde edilmiştir. Sonuçlar öğretmenlik uygulaması sertifika programının hizmet içi eğitimin yapılmasında kullanılan geleneksel yöntemlerin yetersizliği ve uygunsuzluğu nedeniyle öğretmenlerin uygulama öğrencileri ile çalışmalarına katkı sağlamadığını ortaya çıkarmıştır.
Immanuel Kant's Critique of the Ontological Argument: Challenging the Existence of God
Authors: Dina Dina , Himam Mohammad Muafi
Published: August 2023

This study described Immanuel Kant’s critique of the ontological argument, which he considered weak and flawed in proving the existence of God. Kant had been criticized by many philosophers -the philosophers who defended the ontological argument- as soon as he put forward the critique of the ontological argument. Immanuel Kant argued against the analyticity of "exists" and its status as a real predicate. He criticized ontological arguments, highlighting the distinction between logical and ontological necessity. Kant rejected attempts to derive the existence of a supreme being from concepts, stating that existence transcended conceptual boundaries. While sensory objects could be known through our senses, the existence of pure reason or thought remained unknowable without a priori knowledge. Our awareness of existence pertained to the unity of experience, and any existence beyond it was an unjustifiable illusion. In this study, someone would not disclose the critique of Kant’s critique of ontological argument.
Clonidine as an Adjuvant for Caudal Analgesia in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Infraumbilical Surgery: A Case Report
Authors: Ahmad Khalid Walid , Tjokorda Gde Agung Senapathi
Published: August 2023

Background: Caudal block is a popular regional anesthetic procedure used in pediatric patients because it is easy and provides a significant analgesic effect, especially infraumbilical surgeries. Clonidine, an alpha 2 agonist, was previously used for antihypertensives but has recently been found to have analgesic properties, which have been demonstrated in several studies. A number of mechanisms have described how clonidine can exert an adjuvant effect on local anesthetic drugs.

Case presentation: A 6-month-old toddler girl with a planned operation posterior sagittal anorectoplasty. The patient underwent a caudal block with a regimen of 0.25% bupivacaine + 8 mcg clonidine in 10 ml of 0.9% NaCl. Postoperative patient care was carried out in the usual ward with the analgesic regimen of paracetamol syrup 80 mg every 6 hours and ibuprofen syrup 80 mg every 8 hours.

Conclusion: Clonidine, as an adjuvant for the caudal block, has greater benefits than its side effects in pediatric patients undergoing surgery, especially in areas infraumbilical.
LIFE IN SUFFICIENCY? MATERIAL SUPPORT OF THE GOVERNORS DURING THE PREPARATION OF THE GREAT REFORM (1856-1861)
Authors:   MGIMO University, Mogilevskiy N.A.
Published: August 2023

The article deals with the problem of material support of the governor’s corps of Russia on the eve of the abolition of serfdom (1856-1861). The author examines only official (legitimate) sources of money for governors: salaries, additional amounts, amounts for the rise and equipping, as well as pensions separately. The author traces the relationship between the attitude towards this or that governor on the part of the Minister of the Interior or (more rarely) the emperor and the amount of money paid to the official (additional amounts, amounts for moving and equipping, as well as an increase in pension). Besides the author’s thesis is confirmed that, in general, the material support of the governor’s corps on the eve of the abolition of serfdom could not be called sufficient. In this regard, many governors had to turn to the Minister of the Interior or directly to the tsar with a request to give them additional amounts. The author notes the discrepancies between the public perception of the financial situation of the “masters of the province” and the real state of affairs.
PENAL FORMATIONS OF THE RED ARMY DURING THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR: HISTORICAL TRUTH AND NON-HISTORICAL LIES. PART 1
Authors:   Povolzhskiy State University of Telecommunications and Informatics, Filatov T.V. , Ippolitov G.M. ,   Samara Federal Research Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences,   Povolzhskiy State University of Telecommunications and Informatics
Published: August 2023

Penal battalions, penal companies, barrage detachments: these phenomenal formations of the Red Army during the Great Patriotic War are one of those topics around which passionate discussions rage at the beginning of the 21st century. Moreover, these discussions affect not only historical science, but also journalism, as well as artistic creativity (for example, the infamous “Penal Battalion”, a Russian TV series that was released in 2004 and is regularly shown on various television channels to this day). The mentioned topic has also become one of the priorities among various kinds of falsifiers of the history of the Great Patriotic War (the so-called representatives of the ultra-liberal school of historians). They, of course, receive a worthy rebuff from historians of the Great Patriotic War, who truthfully and objectively cover this problem. Meanwhile, the danger of insinuations of falsifiers cannot be underestimated. The purpose of our article is to briefly highlight the key aspects of the history of the penal formations of the Red Army during the Great Patriotic War for the period from July 28, 1942 to May 1945, based on state-patriotic positions, a comparative approach, the principles of objectivity and historicism.
«WE WILL NEVER FORGET THOSE YEARS». THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR IN THE PERCEPTION OF FEMALE FRONT-LINE SOLDIERS OF BASHKIRIA
Authors:   Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Suleimanova R.N.
Published: August 2023

The article deals with one of the scientific problems of the history of the Great Patriotic War, which is of interest not only for historians, but also for researchers in other humanities: the war events, military campaigns, living conditions of military service in the perception of female front-line soldiers. The study is devoted to the experience of women from Bashkiria who participated in the war, and is based on the sources of personal origin and periodicals. In the course of the study, the author took into account the specifics of various sources, the time and conditions of their occurrence. The author explores the ways of mobilizing women from the republic to the front, their participating in various branches of the military, in military campaigns and military operations. She studies the organization of women’s military service, their accommodation and living conditions, reveals objective and subjective factors that influenced their moral and psychological state in combat reality. Particular attention is focused on the reactions of women to extraordinary events, their relations with commanders and comrades, the peculiarities of their manifestation at various stages of the war, as well as the difficulties they had to face.
«HUNGER IS NOT A NEIGHBOR – YOU WON'T GET AWAY FROM IT»: THE FIRST MEASURES OF THE AUTHORITIES IN THE FIGHT AGAINST HUNGER IN 1891-1892 (BY THE EXAMPLE OF THE KURSK PROVINCE)
Authors:   Kursk State Medical University, Kravtsova E.S.
Published: August 2023

The fight against crop failure and the famine that followed it in 1891-1892 was the first manifestation of a large-scale, well-coordinated, albeit somewhat belated, work of the entire vertical of power: central, regional, local; moreover, it revealed the beginnings of an emerging civil society. However, these events exposed the fundamental problems of peasant land use, which led to the emergence of such social catastrophes. Famine of 1891–1892 affected the densely populated, agrarian, black earth provinces, the struggle against hunger was first started by the zemstvo self-government bodies, then the central government and the public joined in, who jointly undertook a number of measures that prevented deaths from starvation. In this article, the author considers the causes and prerequisites for crop failures and crop shortages, the main directions of providing assistance to those in need on the example of a typical Great Russian, agrarian province of Kursk.
SAMARA LANDLORDS TOLSTOYS
Authors:   Central State Archive of Samara oblast, Zubova O.V.
Published: August 2023

As it is widely known, Leo Tolstoy had a family estate in the village of Yasnaya Polyana, Tula province, which became his world-famous memorial museum. But Tolstoy’s estates near Samara are known only to philologists and historians who specialize in studying the life and works of the great writer. The purpose of the article is to acquaint a wider circle of readers with the history of Tolstoy’s estates in the Samara province.
KOLA MERCHANT ANDREY GERASIMOV AND THE WHITE SEA COMPANY: FAILED COOPERATION AND THE CONFLICT (1804-1805)
Authors:   Murmansk Arctic University, Nikonov S.A. ,   Barents Centre of the Humanities, Separate subdivision of the Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science of the Federal Research Center «Kola Science Center»
Published: August 2023

The article is devoted to the one of the aspects of the history of the White Sea Company: the relationship between management and potential shareholders. Attracting shareholders was an important area of the company's activity, on which the success of the organization of fishing and hunting for sea animals depended. The Kola merchant A. I. Gerasimov since the 1770s was engaged in the organization of whaling and expeditions to Svalbard (Russian Grumant), maritime trade in Northern Norway and in St. Petersburg. Nevertheless, cooperation with such a profitable partner did not work out for the company. The author examines the reasons for this failure, reveals the opposite views of the merchant and the management of the company on the nature of commercial relationships. The research is based on the merchant's letters to the board of the White Sea company in St. Petersburg and to the prominent statesman Count N. P. Rumyantsev, dated 1804-1806.
AI Renaissance, artificial intelligence, information overload, human-computer interaction, decision-making
Authors: Goyal Ishita
Published: August 2023

Objective: This paper aims to explore the concept of AI as a modern-day Renaissance movement, triggered by the proliferation of the internet and advancements in artificial intelligence technologies. It delves into the transformative impact of AI on human-computer interactions and decision-making processes.

Results: O’Leary's (1997) early notion of a Renaissance movement sparked by the internet's ubiquity finds resonance in the emergence of the AI renaissance. AI technologies such as natural language processing, machine learning, heuristic language processing, and neural networks have integrated into intricate networked computing environments. These technologies facilitate the handling, retrieval, and analysis of vast amounts of data available on the World Wide Web. Given the overwhelming volume of data, direct human analysis has become impractical, necessitating AI-driven support for efficient data utilization. In today's competitive and tech-driven landscape, the time available for decision-making has diminished, prompting reliance on intelligent agents and delegating decision-making tasks to these digital surrogates.

Conclusions: The contemporary AI renaissance signifies a paradigm shift in human-computer dynamics. The convergence of AI technologies with the internet's vast information landscape has created a symbiotic relationship, redefining traditional computer roles. AI-enabled tools not only manage the deluge of data but also extend decision-making capabilities, optimizing efficiency in an increasingly fast-paced world. This transformative movement transcends conventional computing boundaries and has paved the way for a new era of human-machine interaction.
ESMira: A decentralized open-source application for collecting experience sampling data
Authors: Lewetz David , Stieger Stefan
Published: August 2023

This paper introduces ESMira, a server and mobile app (Android, iOS) developed for research projects using experience sampling method (ESM) designs. ESMira offers a very simple setup process and ease of use, while being free, decentralized, and open-source (source code is available on GitHub). The ongoing development of ESMira started in early 2019, with a focus on scientific requirements (e.g., informed consent, ethical considerations), data security (e.g., encryption), and data anonymity (e.g., completely anonymous data workflow). ESMira sets itself apart from other platforms by both being free of charge and providing study administrators with full control over study data without the need for specific technological skills (e.g., programming). This means that study administrators can have ESMira running on their own webspace without needing much technical knowledge, allowing them to remain independent from any third-party service. Furthermore, ESMira offers an extensive list of features (e.g., an anonymous built-in chat to contact participants; a reward system that allows participant incentivization without breaching anonymity; live graphical feedback for participants) and can deal with complex study designs (e.g., nested time-based sampling). In this paper, we illustrate the basic structure of ESMira, explain how to set up a new server and create studies, and introduce the platform’s basic functionalities.
Response of Broiler Chickens Fed Boiled Red Kidney Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) Seed Meal as Protein feedstuff on Haematology and Serum Biochemical indices
Authors: Yusuf H. B , Abdullahi A. I. , Maggawa D. D.
Published: August 2023

Eight week feeding trial was conducted to determine the effects of dietry levels of Boiled red kidney bean meal (BRKBSM) in potassium carbonate solution on haematology and serum biochemical indices of broiler chickens. A total of 200 day old chicks (Anak 2000) were randomly allotted to five treatment diets (T1-T5) in a completely randomized design. Each treatment group was replicated 4 times with ten birds per replicate. T 1 contained 0% Boiled Red Kidney Bean Seed Meal (BRKBSM) as the control diet, while T2-T5 contained 25,50 75 and 100% inclusion levels of BRKBSM respectively. Results of the haematology and serum biochemical indices at finisher phase showed that Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) and Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin Concentration (MCHC) were significantly (P<0.05) influenced by the treatment diets. However, serum biochemical values were not significantly (P>0.05) affected by the diets. Albumin values (3.19 g/dl) was highest on birds fed 50% BRKBSM, globulin values was also highest at 50% BRKBSM while cholesterol values decreased with increasing levels of inclusion of BRKBSM from 0% to 100%. It is therefore concluded based on this study that BRKBSM can be included in broiler chickens diet up to 50% level without any detrimental effects on blood profile of broiler chickens.
Modelo de enseñanza basado en sala de simulación clínica en la Carrera de Medicina
Authors: Crispín Flores Eleuterio
Published: August 2023

La Simulación clínica en los últimos tiempos han tomado fuerza en la formación de profesionales del área salud, el objetivo es diseñar el modelo de enseñanza basado en sala de Simulación  Clínica, en las Asignaturas de Semiología, Cirugía y Ginecología y Obstetricia que articulen consistentemente teoría y práctica en los estudiantes de la  Carrera  de Medicina de la Universidad Amazónica de Pando, los métodos empleados en el estudio, es de tipo descriptivo,  de corte transversal, la población de estudio está conformado por 300 estudiantes programados, la muestra es de 150 estudiantes de los tres cursos, de las Asignaturas  de Semiología, Cirugía y Ginecología y Obstetricia, se aplicó la técnica de encuesta, los resultados obtenidos en el estudio,  el 45% los estudiantes mencionan que realizan prácticas desde 5to año, el 30% de tercer año y el 25% desde el cuarto año; la prácticas formativas, el 61% de los estudiantes realizan las prácticas en el hospital, el 28% realizan las prácticas en los centros de salud, en conclusión, las debilidades que tuvieron en su formación académica los estudiantes de la Carrera de Medicina, el 60% señala la deficiencia en la prácticas hospitalaria, el 27% indican docentes de especialidad en acompañamiento de prácticas.
Study of the factors that include the implementation of the EMS in a higher education institution in the State of Tabasco
Authors: Canabal Alcudia Marcela , León de los Santos Brissa Roxana , Martínez Izquierdo Carlos Mario , Eliseo Dantes Hortensia
Published: August 2023

Population increasing is happening day by day in addition spaces are being decreasing little by little for these reasons natural resources are being consumed through time to the present. “If you cannot measure it, you cannot improve it.” “When you can measure what you are speaking about, and express it in numbers, you know something about it; but when you cannot measure it, when you cannot express it in numbers, your knowledge is of a meagre and unsatisfactory kind.” William Thompson. Due to its dynamic population and not having implemented an EMS based on the ISO 14001:2015 Standard, a higher-level educational establishment would not be in a position to take advantage of natural resources, further compromising these for future generations. An Environmental Management System works under 3 ways, social, environmental, economic, therefore its incidence in higher education establishments determines its application under the premise of being sustainable buildings.
Necesidad del liderazgo y TIC en las instituciones etnoeducativas
Authors: Valdés Murillo Leisy
Published: August 2023

Al revisar estudios sobre el liderazgo en la etnoeducación se encuentra que hay un incremento en la capacidad de análisis crítico conservando los saberes propios de las comunidades. Los postulados de liderazgo transformacional mediados por TIC en el proceso de enseñanza dan como resultado que hay una oportunidad de mejora en el ámbito de la etnoeducación debido a la escasez de estudios durante la búsqueda. El presente artículo se propone identificar experiencias pedagógicas en el uso del liderazgo transformacional mediadas por las TIC en instituciones etnoeducativas. La metodología fue una revisión de publicaciones indexadas en Scopus, ProQuest, EBSCOhost y Google Scholar. Concretamente los cambios identificados en las instituciones etnoeducativas al aplicar los procesos de liderazgo transformacional, mediado las TIC son incremento en el trabajo colaborativo entre los docentes, mejoría de la interacción social de las comunidades educativas y trabajo autónomo. Las conclusiones más importantes encontradas son: lo digital puede ser uno de los grandes hitos que podría alcanzar el líder etnoeducativo para poder transformar su comunidad y siendo una influencia para los que están a su alrededor, y así posibilitar entrar en contacto con las herramientas tecnológicas. Las TIC como complemento intercultural puede favorecer a las comunidades étnicas a, por medio del liderazgo, esforzarse por el progreso y transformación de su cultura y su identidad.
PEMBERIAN PEMAHAMAN MENGENAI PENCEGAHAN STUNTING PADA ANAK DI DESA GENTAN BAKI SUKOHARJO
Authors: Indriati Ratna , Yankusuma Setiani Ditya , Warsini
Published: August 2023

Stunting adalah masalah gizi kronis yang disebabkan oleh asupan gizi yang kurang dalam waktu lama. Anak yang mengalami stunting  bukan hanya terganggu pertumbuhan fisiknya (bertubuh pendek/kerdil) saja, melainkan juga terganggu perkembangan otaknya, yang tentunya sangat mempengaruhi kemampuan dan prestasi di sekolah, produktivitas dan kreativitas di usia produktif. Untuk itu penting sekali orangtua/pengasuh mendapatkan penyuluhan mengenai pencegahan stunting. Tujuan dari program pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan perilaku masyarakat mengenai pencegahan stunting pada anak. Kegiatan pengabdian ini dilaksanakan di Desa Gentan Baki Sukoharjo. Hasil dari kegiatan ini adalah terdapat peningkatan pengetahuan warga masyarakat tentang pencegahan stunting pada anak sebelum dan sesudah penyuluhan.
 
Kata kunci: pencegahan stunting pada anak, penyuluhan kesehatan
 
Stunting is a chronic nutritional problem caused by a lack of nutrition for a long time. Children who experience stunting are not only disrupted by their physical growth (short / dwarf), but also are affected by brain development, which of course greatly affects the ability and achievement in school, productivity and creativity in the productive age. For this reason it is very important that parents / caregivers get counseling about stunting prevention. The purpose of this community service program is to increase community knowledge and behavior regarding stunting prevention in children. This activity was carried out in Gentan Baki Sukoharjo Village. The result of this activity is that there is an increase in community knowledge about preventing stunting in children before and after counseling. 
 
Key words : health education, prevention of stunting in children
EDUKASI UPAYA MEMPERTAHANKAN KUALITAS HIDUP PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID 19
Authors: Sriwiyati Lilik , Dwi Ningsih Endang , Warsini
Published: August 2023

The number of Covid-19 cases and/or the number of death have increased,

it has an impact on the political, economic, social, cultural, defense and security aspects,

and also the welfare of the people in Indonesia. Pandemic conditions will cause the

people feel worry and depressed. Various impacts experienced by the community will

cause problems both from an economic and psychological perspective that can affect

the quality of life. Quality of life is a person's quality of life based on a person's subjective

assessment of himself. During the Covid-19 pandemic, people's quality of life must be

maintained. People must be able to carry out various kinds of activities to achieve an

optimal quality of life. Efforts is needed to achieve an optimal quality of life, one of which

is through education about efforts to maintain the quality of life during the Covid 19

pandemic. This activity aims to increase community knowledge in Lawu Nguter

Sukoharjo about efforts to maintain quality of life during Covid-19 pandemic.

Keywords: Covid-19, education, quality of life