bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aptamer recognition-trigged label-free homogeneous electrochemical strategy for an ultrasensitive cancer-derived exosome assay
Authors: Yin Xuehan , Hou Ting , Huang Bingzheng , Yang Limin , Li Feng
Published: October 2019

An aptamer recognition-trigged label-free homogeneous electrochemical strategy was developed for highly selective and ultrasensitive detection of cancer-derived exosomes.
Structural basis for the heme transfer reaction in heme uptake machinery from Corynebacteria
Authors: Muraki Norifumi , Kitatsuji Chihiro , Okamoto Yasunori , Uchida Takeshi , Ishimori Koichiro , Aono Shigetoshi
Published: October 2019

The CR domains in HtaA and HtaB are responsible for heme binding/transport in the heme-uptake machinery in Corynebacteria.
Asymmetric synthesis of cyclopentanones through dual Lewis acid-catalysed [3+2]-cycloaddition of donor–acceptor cyclopropanes with ketenes
Authors: Mondal Mukulesh , Panda Manashi , Davis Nicholas W. , McKee Vickie , Kerrigan Nessan J.
Published: October 2019

A dual Lewis acid system promotes the formal [3+2]-cycloaddition of enantioenriched donor–acceptor cyclopropanes with ketenes to afford cyclopentanones.
Liquid water-induced growth of the 1D morphology of CH3NH3PbI3 hybrid perovskites
Authors: Bonadio A. , de Oliveira L. S. , Polo A. S. , Souza J. A.
Published: October 2019

Liquid water induces the formation of 1D morphology. 1D assembly of [PbI6]4− octahedra intercalated with (CH3NH3·H2O)+ cations is formed. When the water molecules are removed the 1D assembly change to 3D perovskite but keeping its wire morphology.
Switching the charge transfer characteristics of quaterthiophene from p-type to n-type via interactions with carbon nanotubes
Authors: Joshi Ankita , Ramachandran C. N.
Published: October 2019

Using density functional methods, charge transport and optoelectronic properties of the complexes of quaterthiophene with CNT are investigated. Complexation changed the charge transfer characteristics of quaterthiophene from p-type to n-type.
Simultaneous enhancement of transition dipole strength and vibrational lifetime of an alkyne IR probe via π-d backbonding and vibrational decoupling
Authors: Kossowska Dorota , Lee Giseong , Han Hogyu , Kwak Kyungwon , Cho Minhaeng
Published: October 2019

Alkyne IR probes 1–6 with Si and S (or Se) atoms incorporated into the CC bond were synthesized, and the vibrational properties of their CC stretch mode were studied using FTIR and femtosecond IR PP spectroscopies and quantum chemical calculations.
The doping and oxidation of 2D black and blue phosphorene: a new photocatalyst for nitrogen reduction driven by visible light
Authors: Cheng Yuwen , Song Yan , Zhang Yumin
Published: October 2019

Boron doping and the oxidation of black and blue phosphorene can achieve improved N2 reduction reaction performances using sunlight.
A novel ring-shaped reaction pathway with interconvertible intermediates in chitinase A as revealed by QM/MM simulation combined with a one-dimensional projection technique
Authors: Iino Tsubasa , Sakurai Minoru , Furuta Tadaomi
Published: October 2019

Efficient sampling achieved by the use of a one-dimensional projection technique reveals the catalytic mechanism of chitinase A from Serratia marcescens.
Selectively creating oxygen vacancies on PrCe/SiO2 catalysts for the transformation of a furfural–acetone adduct into a functionalized 1,3-diene
Authors: Qi Yanlong , Liu Shijun , Liu Zaizhi , Cui Long , Huang Lingyun , Yang Yinxin , Wu Ruiyao , Dai Quanquan , He Jianyun , Dong Wei , Bai Chenxi
Published: October 2019

Oxygen vacancies were selectively created on PrCe/SiO2 for efficient transformation of a furfural–acetone adduct into a functionalized 1,3-diene.
Band gap tuning to improve the photoanodic activity of ZnInxSy for photoelectrochemical water oxidation
Authors: Sharma Mamta Devi , Mahala Chavi , Basu Mrinmoyee
Published: October 2019

Elemental doping and band gap tuning of ZnInxSy result in enhanced photoelectrochemical water splitting activity.
The health and climate impacts of carbon capture and direct air capture
Authors: Jacobson Mark Z.
Published: October 2019

Data from a coal with carbon capture and use (CCU) plant and a synthetic direct air carbon capture and use (SDACCU) plant are analyzed for the equipment's ability, alone, to reduce CO2.
Bifunctional nest-like self-floating microreactor for enhanced photothermal catalysis and biocatalysis
Authors: Chi Dechao , Sun Dandan , Yang Zekang , Xing Zipeng , Li Zhenzi , Zhu Qi , Zhou Wei
Published: October 2019

A bifunctional nest-like self-floating microreactor is fabricated and exhibits excellent photocatalytic and biocatalytic performance, which is ascribed to the synergy of photocatalysis on the outer surface and biocatalysis in the inner surface of the microreactor.
Bile amount affects both the degree of micellarization and the hydrolysis extent of carotenoid esters duringin vitrodigestion
Authors: Petry Fabiane Cristina , Mercadante Adriana Zerlotti
Published: October 2019

Our study provides a simple and inexpensive option forin vitrodigestion protocols, which is able to improve carotenoid ester hydrolysis.
Catalyst-free synthesis of biodiesel precursors from biomass-based furfuryl alcohols in the presence of H2O and air
Authors: Qin Shengxiang , Li Teng , Zhang Man , Liu Hongyu , Yang Xin , Rong Nianxin , Jiang Jun , Wang Yalin , Zhang Hua , Yang Weiran
Published: October 2019

Dimerization of biomass-based furfuryl alcohols to biodiesel precursors was realized by using only H2O and air without adding any other catalysts.
High color rendering index single phase white light emitting phosphors based on Tb3+/Sm3+ co-doped CePO4 nanocrystals: the role of Tb3+ as a bridge between Ce3+ and Sm3+
Authors: S. Sisira , Jacob Linju Ann , Mani Kamal P. , P. R. Biju , Unnikrishnan N. V. , Joseph Cyriac
Published: October 2019

Single phase white light emitting CePO4 nanocrystals doped with Tb3+ and Sm3+ were synthesized. The quality of white light is characterized by CIE chromaticity coordinates, color temperature, color rendering index and quantum yield.
Recyclable sulfone-containing polymersviaring-opening polymerization of macroheterocyclic siloxane monomers: synthesis, properties and recyclability
Authors: Guo Mengdong , Huang Yue , Cao Jinfeng , Sun Guibao , Zhao Xia , Zhang Jie , Feng Shengyu
Published: October 2019

The first recyclable sulfone-containing polysiloxanes were synthesizedviaan anionic ring-opening polymerization of macroheterocyclic siloxane monomers.
Recent progress of electrowetting for droplet manipulation: from wetting to superwetting systems
Authors: Teng Peicheng , Tian Dongliang , Fu Haiyan , Wang Shutao
Published: October 2019

EWOD was investigated from wetting to superwetting with six basic fluid systems. Each fluid system has developed special technologies for functional applications owing to the different interactions among solid, liquid and gas phases.
N-Heterocyclic carbene catalysed umpolung reactions of imines approaching enantioselective synthesis
Authors: Chauhan Pankaj
Published: October 2019

N-Heterocyclic Carbene (NHC)-catalyzed umpolung reactions of aldimines are highlighted in this article, with a special emphasis on the corresponding enantioselective transformations developed by the research groups of Lupton and Biju.
Preparation of an electrospun tubular PU/GE nanofiber membrane for high flux oil/water separation
Authors: Wu Yan-jie , Xiao Chang-fa , Zhao Jian
Published: October 2019

A simple, tubular structure polyurethane/graphene (PU/GE) nanofiber membrane for continuous oil/water separation has been prepared.
Electrodeposited Pd/graphene/ZnO/nickel foam electrode for the hydrogen evolution reaction
Authors: Wang Na , Tao Bairui , Miao Fengjuan , Zang Yu
Published: October 2019

Efficient electrocatalysts are crucial to water splitting for renewable energy generation.
Synthesis, human topoisomerase IIα inhibitory properties and molecular modeling studies of anti-proliferative curcumin mimics
Authors: Fawzy Nehmedo G. , Panda Siva S. , Fayad Walid , Shalaby ElSayed M. , Srour Aladdin M. , Girgis Adel S.
Published: October 2019

Piperidinecarboxamides (curcumin mimics) show promising anti-proliferative properties against HCT116 (colon), MCF7 (breast) and A431 (squamous skin) carcinoma cell lines with potency higher than that of 5-fluorouracil.
Phosphotungstic acid as a novel acidic catalyst for carbohydrate protection and glycosylation
Authors: Chen Jyun-Siao , Sankar Arumugam , Lin Yi-Jyun , Huang Po-Hsun , Liao Chih-Hsiang , Wu Shen-Shen , Wu Hsin-Ru , Luo Shun-Yuan
Published: October 2019

This work demonstrates the utilization of PTA as an acidic catalyst in primary reactions of carbohydrate. PTA can be widely used as a catalyst for carbohydrate chemistry. The reactions are executed at 0 °C or room temperature in good yields.
Retracted Article: Long non-coding RNA PCAT1 facilitates cell growth in multiple myeloma through an MTDH-mediated AKT/β-catenin signaling pathway by sponging miR-363-3p
Authors: Chen Ying , Hao Jinxia , Zhao Jing , Liu Ye , Li Yuan , Ren Juan , Wang Wei
Published: October 2019

Multiple Myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell myeloma.
The synthesis of CoxNi1−xFe2O4/multi-walled carbon nanotube nanocomposites and their photocatalytic performance
Authors: Lu Min , Chang Yanwei , Guan Xiao-Hui , Wang Guang-Sheng
Published: October 2019

A series of CoxNi1−xFe2O4/multi-walled carbon nanotube (CoxNi1−xFe2O4/MWCNTs) nanocomposites as photocatalysts were successfully synthesized. The results implied that this composites can be effectively applied for the removal of organic pollutant as novel photocatalysts.
Synthesis and biological evaluation of 3-nitro-4-chromanone derivatives as potential antiproliferative agents for castration-resistant prostate cancer
Authors: Chen Huiqing , Xing Yajing , Xie Jia , Xie Jiuqing , Xing Dong , Tang Jie , Yang Fan , Yi Zhengfang , Qiu Wen-Wei
Published: October 2019

A series of novel 3-nitro-4-chromanones were synthesized and their in vitro cytotoxicity was evaluated on castration-resistant prostate cancer cell lines.
A reservoir-damage-free encapsulated acid dually controlled by hydrogen ion concentration and temperature
Authors: Luo Zhifeng , Zhang Nanlin , Zhao Liqiang , Wu Lin , Liu Pingli , Ren Dengfeng , Qing Chun
Published: October 2019

Oil and gas exploration and development extends from medium-low temperatures to high and ultra-high temperatures with the development of the oil and gas industry.
Effect of salts formed by neutralization for the enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose and acetone–butanol–ethanol fermentation
Authors: Yang Ming , Wang Jia , Nan Yufei , Zhang Junhua , Li Liyun , Liu Guozhen , Vepsäläinen Jouko , Kuittinen Suvi , Pappinen Ari
Published: October 2019

The salts formed by neutralization after sulfuric, acetic, and citric acid pretreatments affected enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosic materials and acetone–butanol–ethanol (ABE) fermentation to various degrees.
TiO2/graphene/CuSbS2 mixed-dimensional array with high-performance photoelectrochemical properties
Authors: Chen Qianyuan , Wang Zhongchi , Chen Keqiang , Fu Qiang , Liu Yueli , Zhang Yupeng , Li Delong , Pan Chunxu
Published: October 2019

The growing demands for reproducible and clean sources of power has prompted the exploitation of novel materials for solar-energy conversion; in any case, the improvement of their conversion efficiency remains a big challenge.
The introduction of benzimidazole and ether moieties into poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide): effects on its microstructure, interactions and properties
Authors: Xing Fei , Zhang Mengying , Wang Ziqi , Sun Guohua , Niu Hongqing , Wu Dezhen
Published: October 2019

Co-poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) fibers containing 4,4′-oxidianiline and 2-(4-aminophenyl)-5-aminobenzimidazole in terephthaloyl chloride andp-phenylene diamine were preparedviaa wet spinning method, followed by water washing and drawing at high temperature.
Strategic tuning of excited-state properties of electroluminescent materials with enhanced hot exciton mixing
Authors: Jayabharathi Jayaraman , Thanikachalam Venugopal , Ramya Ramaiyan , Panimozhi Sekar
Published: October 2019

The CADPPI:Ir(ppy)3 device exhibits L – 90 12 cd m−2; ηex – 18.8%; ηc − 27.3 cd A−1; ηp – 29.8 lm W−1; CIE (0.30, 0.60).
A protocol for size separation of nanographenes
Authors: Matsumoto Ikuya , Sekiya Ryo , Haino Takeharu
Published: October 2019

Top-down methods are convenient preparative methods for nanographenes, although the products consist of graphene fragments with a broad size distribution. We developed a simple protocol for size separation of nanographenes.
DNA-based long-lived reaction–diffusion patterning in a host hydrogel
Authors: Urtel Georg , Estevez-Torres André , Galas Jean-Christophe
Published: October 2019

Hydrogels embedded with DNA/enzyme out-of-equilibrium solutions are autonomous, they sustain reaction–diffusion patterning and can interact with each other when brought into contact.
Cu–Fe–Ni nano alloy particles obtained by exsolution from Cu(Ni)Fe2O4 as active anode for SOFCs
Authors: Kang ByeongSu , Matsuda Junko , Ishihara Tatsumi
Published: October 2019

The metal exsolution of anodes was studied using spinel oxides of CuFe2O4 for enhancing the anodic activity of electrodes for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) at lower temperatures.
Graphene oxide membranes with an ultra-large interlayer distance through vertically grown covalent organic framework nanosheets
Authors: Liu Yanan , Guan Jingyuan , Su Yanlei , Zhang Runnan , Cao Jialin , He Mingrui , Yuan Jinqiu , Wang Fei , You Xinda , Jiang Zhongyi
Published: October 2019

A GO-based membrane with an ultra-large interlayer distance of 42.2 nm is fabricated via intercalating nanoheterojunction into adjacent GO nanosheets, which exhibits superior morphological stability, and can be used to separate oil-in-water emulsion.
On Ice: The impact of vitrification on the use of eggs in fertility treatment
Authors: Baldwin Kylie , Gray Douglas , Hudson Nicky
Published: October 2019

The possibility to freeze sperm and embryos has long been available to men and women facing infertility as a result of an illness or medical treatment. However, the ability to successfully cryopreserve human eggs is comparatively recent. The introduction and increasing use of egg vitrification from the mid-2000s onwards, alongside the use of intracytoplasmic sperm injection, has seen improved ongoing clinical pregnancy rates compared with slow freezing methods. Despite concerns, the technology has been widely embraced by the scientific community and in recent years has been applied in a greater variety of contexts. In this short perspective paper, we consider two specific applications for the vitrification of human eggs in routine assisted reproduction practice: social egg freezing and the use of frozen eggs in egg donation. We suggest that vitrification is transforming the reproductive landscape in novel and complex ways and that we must be alert to the challenges, complexities and ethics of such developments, especially for those who may be excluded or marginalised by these techniques.
De l’utilisation des technologies 3D numériques pour l’analyse, la planification et le rétrocontrôle d’un traitement orthodontique de troubles fonctionnels temporo-mandibulaires
Authors: Petitpas Laurent
Published: October 2019

Nous souhaitons présenter dans cet article, un cas clinique pédagogique d’une adolescente où les analyses numériques ont été utilisées tout au long de la gestion de sa reprise de traitement.

L’arrivée de la tomodensitométrie à faisceau conique (CBCT) et de logiciels informatiques 3D, permet aux orthodontistes de fournir des diagnostics, des simulations et des traitements plus précis.

D’un point de vue éthique, il n’est pas acceptable de soigner sans utiliser les méthodes les plus bénéfiques aux patients.

En effet, les fichiers DICOM de CBCT renferment une multitude d’informations que nous ne possédions pas auparavant. Des techniques de segmentation par des logiciels de sélection par seuillage nous permettent de visualiser précisément les rapports radiculaires et osseux en 3D. Une connaissance précise de la position des racines dentaires et des bases osseuses améliore la détermination du succès du traitement orthodontique par une surveillance accrue.

De nos jours, compte tenu de la rapidité du développement technologique, une combinaison de scanners intra-oraux, d’enregistrements numériques 3D, de multi-bagues individualisés, d’arcs personnalisés, de collage indirect numérique, et d’aligneurs de finition deviendra bientôt une obligation de moyens orthodontiques.
Begutachtung von Berufskrankheiten am Beispiel pneumologischer Erkrankungen
Authors: Wiesner Barbara , Grohé Christian
Published: October 2019

Orders for medical expertise reports of the accident insurance institutions and the social courts often have very difficult and complex issues and therefore require a high level of medical expertise as well as occupational health and accident insurance law knowledge. This applies in particular to the expert opinion as to whether a causal connection exists between occupational effects and the disease. Causality must be described on the basis of the current state of medical and scientific knowledge in such a way that it is comprehensible for an accident insurance institution or for a court. The insured person himself should also be able to comprehensively understand the content of the opinion and its consequences.
Wie beurteilen junge Frauen mit Ullrich-Turner-Syndrom nach dem Ende der Wachstumshormonbehandlung den Erfolg der Therapie?
Authors: Dörr Helmut G. , Bettendorf Markus , Binder Gerhard , Brämswig Jürgen , Hauffa Berthold P. , Holterhus Paul-Martin , Mohnike Klaus , Schmidt Heinrich , Stalla Günter K. , Wabitsch Martin , Wölfle Joachim ,   Turner-Syndrom-Vereinigung Deutschland e. V.
Published: October 2019

Hintergrund Eine Therapie mit Wachstumshormon bei Mädchen mit Ullrich-Turner-Syndrom (UTS) führt zu einer Verbesserung der Endgröße. Nach dem Ende der Therapie wurden die betroffenen Frauen bisher nicht zur Therapie befragt.

Fragestellung Wie beurteilen junge erwachsene Frauen mit UTS den Erfolg der Wachstumshormontherapie?

Patienten und Methoden Die Untersuchung wurde 2015 mit einem Fragebogen bei Frauen mit UTS im Alter von 25 Jahren (Median) durchgeführt. Der Fragebogen wurde von der Arbeitsgruppe von Prof. Carel entwickelt und mit deren Erlaubnis verwendet. Alle Frauen wurden im Kindesalter mit Wachstumshormon (GH) behandelt. Die Fragen zur Therapie waren ein Bestandteil von verschiedenen Fragenkomplexen. Insgesamt konnten die Daten von 130 Frauen ausgewertet werden.

Ergebnisse Die Frauen wurden im Mittel 7,3 ± 3,5 (SD) Jahre mit GH behandelt. Der Zugewinn an Körperhöhe lag nach der Einschätzung der Frauen im Mittel (± SD) bei 12,8 ± 8,7 cm (Median 10 cm). Folgende Angaben zum Zugewinn wurden gemacht: 1–4 cm (n = 12; 9,8 %), 5–9 cm (n = 26; 21,3 %), 10–19 cm (n = 64, 52,5 %), 20–29 cm (n = 9, 7,4 %) und > 30 cm (n = 11,9 %). Der Therapieerfolg, bei dem sich eine Behandlung mit Wachstumshormon lohnen würde, wurde von 115 Frauen (88,5 %) mit durchschnittlich 9,3 cm beurteilt. Die Frage nach dem Effekt der Wachstumshormontherapie wurde von 129 Frauen beantwortet. Eine Frau beurteilte die Therapie als „sehr negativ“. Fünf Frauen (3,9 %) beurteilten die Therapie als „überwiegend negativ“ und 18 Frauen (13,9 %) als „neutral“; 59 Frauen (45,7 %) als „überwiegend positiv“ und 46 Frauen (35,7 %) als „sehr positiv“.

Schlussfolgerungen Die wachstumsfördernde Therapie mit GH wird von den meisten Frauen mit UTS positiv beurteilt. Interessanterweise wird der Zugewinn an Körperhöhe im Vergleich mit den publizierten Daten von den Frauen deutlich höher bewertet.
Aktueller Standard der Blutdruckmessung – Stellungnahme der Deutschen Hochdruckliga e. V. DHL® – Deutsche Gesellschaft für Hypertonie und Prävention
Authors: Eckert Siegfried , Ott Christian , Büchner Nikolaus , Dechend Ralf , Lüders Stephan , Mengden Thomas , Sanner Bernd
Published: October 2019

Der erhöhte Blutdruck (arterielle Hypertonie) ist eine der häufigsten chronischen Erkrankungen und der Hauptrisikofaktor für die Entstehung von Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen. Die in der Praxis/Klinik gängige Blutdruckmessung hat unter standardisierten Bedingungen zu erfolgen. Ansonsten ist eine Fehleinschätzung der tatsächlichen Blutdruckhöhe mit konsekutiv sowohl schlechter Blutdruckkontrolle als auch Fehldiagnosen die Folge. Der Umsetzung/Einhaltung dieser Standards in der täglichen Routine durch einen geschulten Untersucher kommt hierbei die entscheidende Rolle für eine akkurate und zuverlässige Blutdruckmessung zu. Neben der rein technischen/standardisierten Durchführung ist jedoch auch zu beachten, dass viele im Handel erhältliche Blutdruckmessgeräte den Blutdruck nicht genau messen. Daher ist weiterhin auf die Verwendung von validierten Blutdruckmessgeräten (z. B. Prüfsiegel der DHL®) zu achten. Neben der Ruheblutdruckmessung in der Praxis und Klinik erlauben ambulante bzw. häusliche Blutdruckmessungen wichtige Informationen zur Einschätzung des kardiovaskulären Risikos.
Unspezifische Wirkfaktoren in der Therapie von Säuglingen und Kleinkindern
Authors: Deitermann Martina , Hammer Sabine , Jung Michael
Published: October 2019

Hintergrund Interventionsstudien nehmen auch im therapeutischen Bereich stetig zu. Der Einfluss unspezifischer Wirkfaktoren konnte in der Psychotherapie nachgewiesen und teilweise auf die Physiotherapie übertragen werden. Inwieweit diese aus der Perspektive der Eltern gestützt werden können, deren Kinder wegen Symmetriestörungen physiotherapeutisch oder osteopathisch behandelt werden, bleibt noch ungeklärt.

Ziel Ziel der qualitativen Studie ist das Ermitteln von unspezifischen Wirkfaktoren aus Elternperspektive bei der Behandlung ihrer Säuglinge bzw. Kleinkinder mit Symmetriestörungen. Die Ergebnisse werden in den wissenschaftlichen Kontext zu allgemeinen Wirkfaktoren einerseits und zum Therapieprozess andererseits gesetzt. Sie sollen den Blickwinkel der Therapeuten um die Elternperspektive erweitern.

Methode Sieben Probanden, deren Kinder wegen ärztlich diagnostizierter Symmetriestörung physiotherapeutisch/osteopathisch behandelt worden sind, wurden mittels halbstandardisierten Leitfadens interviewt. Die Daten wurden regelgeleitet transkribiert, analysiert und mittels der inhaltlich strukturierenden Inhaltsanalyse ausgewertet.

Ergebnisse Aus dem Datenmaterial konnten die Hauptkategorien „Person“ Mutter, „Person“ Kind, „Person“ Therapeut, Behandlungsmodalitäten, therapeutische Beziehung induktiv gebildet werden. Sie enthalten unspezifischen Wirkfaktoren, die den Therapieprozess aus Elternsicht beeinflussen. Hierbei nimmt die therapeutische Beziehung einen besonderen Stellenwert ein, während die fachlichen Kompetenzen weniger relevant erscheinen.

Schlussfolgerungen Die Ergebnisse der Studie stützen die Annahme, dass unspezifische Wirkfaktoren, wie insbesondere die therapeutische Beziehung, Einfluss auf den Therapieerfolg in der Physiotherapie/Osteopathie haben. Um ein umfassendes Modell der unspezifischen Wirkfaktoren in der Physiotherapie zu erstellen, erscheinen ähnlich konzipierte Studien in weiteren Fachbereichen der Therapie mit größeren Fallzahlen erstrebenswert. Die vorliegenden Ergebnisse können einen Beitrag zur Implementierung der unspezifischen Wirkfaktoren in Interventionsstudien leisten.
Visusverlust bei Myelin-Oligodendrozyten-Glykoprotein (MOG)-Antikörper-positiver Optikusneuritis (ON)
Authors: Rotering Victoria Maria , Huppke Peter , Rühe Lars , Haftel Lior , Endmann Matthias
Published: October 2019

Wir stellen den Fall einer 14-jährigen Patientin mit Sehverlust bei Optikusneuritis vor, bei welcher sich MOG-AK im Serum fanden. Diese Auto-AK werden seit einigen Jahren intensiv beforscht und führten zum Begriff der MOG-Enzephalomyelitiden (MOG-EM), die sich im Verlauf und den therapeutischen Optionen deutlich von der MS unterscheiden und zu den NMOSD gezählt werden. In diesem Fall ließ sich der entzündliche Schub durch eine zweimalige Steroid-Pulstherapie kupieren.
Transition bei ADHS
Authors: Alvarez Fischer Daniel , Zimmermann Carolin , Rudolph Frank Matthias , Bubenzer Rainer H. , Kis Bernhard
Published: October 2019

Der Übergang vom Kindesalter ins Erwachsenenalter stellt die Behandlung persistierender Erkrankungen wie die Aufmerksamkeitsdefizit-/Hyperaktivitätsstörung (ADHS) vor große Herausforderungen. Während noch 43 % aller Jugendlichen mit ADHS eine medikamentöse Behandlung erhalten, fällt dieser Anteil bei den Anfang zwanzigjährigen Patienten auf unter 20 % ab. Welche Faktoren eine Persistenz der ADHS vorhersagen ist nicht geklärt. Unter den Risikofaktoren finden sich aber neben einer erhöhten Krankheitsschwere auch komorbide Erkrankungen wie eine Depression. Der Artikel widmet sich der Frage nach Faktoren, die eine gelungene Transition begünstigen. Da in die Zeit der Transition die Berufswahl fällt, geht der Artikel der Frage nach, welche Voraussetzungen bei einer Tätigkeit gegeben sein sollten. Bis auf wenige Ausnahmen sind grundsätzlich jedoch alle Berufe für Menschen mit ADHS möglich. Abschließend geht der Artikel auf die Behandlungsmöglichkeiten und die Versorgungssituation für Patienten mit ADHS in Deutschland ein. Die Effektstärken einer medikamentösen Behandlung des ADHS sind hoch, ein Behandlungserfolg ist in den Zulassungsstudien > 60 % der Betroffenen zu erwarten. Eine Verhaltenstherapie (allein oder in Kombination mit Stimulanzien), Stimulanzien und Nichtstimulanzien sind in der Behandlung deutlich wirksamer als Placebo.
Immunglobulinkonzentration im equinen Kolostrum und im Blut neugeborener Fohlen sowie klinisch relevante IgG-Bestimmungsmethoden
Authors: Sievert Maren , Krohn Judith , Wehrend Axel
Published: October 2019

Durch den speziellen Aufbau der equinen Plazenta sind Fohlen post natum auf eine adäquate Aufnahme von Kolostrum guter Qualität angewiesen, um die Entwicklung einer passiven Immunität zu sichern. Die Qualität des Kolostrums hängt insbesondere von seinem IgG-Gehalt ab. Dieser lässt sich durch direkte und indirekte Methoden (Dichte und Brechungsindex) ermitteln. Die Dichte des Kolostrums wird durch ein Kolostrometer bestimmt und sollte mindestens 1060 g/l betragen. Zur Bestimmung der relativen Dichte bzw. des Brechungsindex eignet sich die Refraktometrie. Kolostrum ausreichender Qualität weist einen Brix-Wert von mindestens 20 % auf. Die Bestimmung der IgG-Konzentration im Blut des Fohlens kann ebenfalls über direkte und indirekte Verfahren erfolgen. Eine direkte semiquantitative Messmethode ist der SNAP®-Test, wobei Werte von > 800 mg/dl für eine adäquate Versorgung anzeigen. Als alternative direkte Messverfahren können ein auf radialer Immundiffusion basierender Test, der Latexagglutinationstest und die Immunturbimetrie angewendet werden. Zu den indirekten Verfahren zählen der Zinksulfattrübungstest, der Glutaraldehyd-Koagulationstest, die Bestimmung der Gesamtproteinkonzentration, der Globulinkonzentration und der Aktivität der γ-Glutamyltransferase.
Aufwand, Erfolg und Scheitern bei der Suche nach einem ambulanten Psychotherapieplatz – Ergebnisse einer prospektiven Studie
Authors: Wietersheim Jörn von , Seitz Birgit , Rottler Edit , Köppelmann Nikolai , Gündel Harald
Published: October 2019

Ziel der Studie Patienten und Hausärzte berichten oft, dass es sehr schwierig sei, einen Platz für eine ambulante Psychotherapie zu bekommen. Daher sollte in einer prospektiven Studie untersucht werden, wie viel Aufwand Patienten betreiben müssen und wie lange es dauert, bis sie ein Erstgespräch beim Psychotherapeuten bekommen.

Methodik 59 Patienten, die eine Empfehlung für Psychotherapie bekommen hatten, wurden über 3 Monate begleitet und telefonisch befragt, welche Schritte sie zur Kontaktaufnahme unternahmen und welche Antworten sie erhielten.

Ergebnisse Im Mittel führten die Patienten 9,3 (SD 11,8) Telefonate mit Therapeuten, Range 1–50. Nach 3 Monaten hatten 57,7% der Patienten einen Therapieplatz erhalten oder standen auf einer Warteliste, 15,3% suchten immer noch, 6,8% hatten die Suche aufgegeben, 20,3% hatten gar nicht mit der Suche begonnen.

Schlussfolgerungen Die Daten zeigen, wie aufwändig die Therapeutensuche ist, aber auch, dass es dem größeren Teil der Patienten gelingt, einen Therapieplatz zu finden. Hintergründe des Scheiterns der Therapeutensuche können Ambivalenzen bei den Patienten, aber auch die deutlichen Hürden im Versorgungssystem sein.
Dyspnoe-Ambulanz
Authors: Giannitsis Evangelos , Katus Hugo A.
Published: October 2019

Die akute Dyspnoe ist einer der häufigsten Gründe einer Vorstellung in einer Notaufnahme weltweit. Die lebensbedrohlichen Differenzialdiagnosen betreffen insbesondere kardiovaskuläre und seltener mechanische Ursachen. Die subakute und chronische Luftnot ist ebenfalls sehr prävalent und stellt ein diagnostisches Dilemma dar, da dem Symptom „Luftnot“ die Organspezifität fehlt und die Ursache der Luftnot häufig unklar oder nicht eindeutig ist, zumal Luftnot nicht selten multifaktorielle Ursachen hat.

Konzepte zur ambulanten und fächerübergreifenden Diagnostik und Therapie der Dyspnoe sind wenig verbreitet und unterscheiden sich inhaltlich je nach Leistungsanbieter bzw. adressierten Grunderkrankungen. Die Einrichtung einer spezialisierten interdisziplinären Ambulanz mit kardiopulmonalem Schwerpunkt und fächerübergreifender Anbindung anderer Fachdisziplinen ist bereits heute Gegenstand erfolgreicher ambulanter und stationärer Konzepte, die von der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Kardiologie (DGK) zertifiziert werden. Die Einrichtung einer Dyspnoe-Ambulanz, in der konzeptionellen Ausrichtung angelehnt an eine „Dyspnoe Clinic“, stellt eine interessante Einrichtung dar, Patienten mit subakuter oder chronischer Luftnot effektiv zu diagnostizieren und zu behandeln. Bislang ist die Einrichtung einer „Dyspnoe Clinic“ nur in wenigen Zentren der USA etabliert und Erfahrungen mit einer derartigen Einrichtung liegen in sehr begrenztem Umfang vor.
Internistische Onkologie
Authors: Zschäbitz Stefanie , Jäger Dirk
Published: October 2019

Nach den vielen praxisverändernden Studienergebnissen, die auf den letzten großen onkologischen Jahreskongressen vorgestellt wurden, wird sich nach der Jahrestagung der ASCO 2019 vorerst insgesamt eher wenig ändern. Präsentiert wurden jedoch einige vielversprechende Auswertungen, die in der Zukunft unsere Handlungsempfehlungen beeinflussen könnten. Im Folgenden möchten wir Ihnen einige interessante Kongressbeiträge zusammenfassen.
Efficient Extraction of Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids from Plants by Pressurised Liquid Extraction – A Preliminary Study
Authors: Kopp Thomas , Salzer Liesa , Abdel-Tawab Mona , Mizaikoff Boris
Published: October 2019

Pyrrolizidine alkaloids and their corresponding pyrrolizidine alkaloid-N-oxides are secondary plant constituents that became the subject of public concern due to their hepatotoxic, pneumotoxic, genotoxic, and cytotoxic effects. In contrast to the well-established analytical separation and detection methods, only a few studies have investigated the extraction of pyrrolizidine alkaloids/pyrrolizidine alkaloid-N-oxides from plant material. In this study, we have applied pressurized liquid extraction with the aim of evaluating the effect of various parameters on the recovery of pyrrolizidine alkaloids. The nature of the modifier (various acids, NH3) added to the aqueous extraction solvent, its concentration (1 or 5%), and the temperature (50 – 125 °C) were systematically varied. To analyse a wide range of structurally different pyrrolizidine alkaloids, Jacobaea vulgaris (syn. Senecio jacobaea), Tussilago farfara, and Symphytum officinale were included. Pyrrolizidine alkaloids were quantified by HPLC-MS/MS and the results obtained by pressurised liquid extraction were compared with the amount of pyrrolizidine alkaloids determined by an official reference method. Using this approach, increased rates of recovery were obtained for J. vulgaris (up to 174.4%), T. farfara (up to 156.5%), and S. officinale (up to 288.7%). Hence, pressurised liquid extraction was found to be a promising strategy for the complete and automated extraction of pyrrolizidine alkaloids, which could advantageously replace other time- and solvent-consuming extraction methods.
Metal-Free Oxidative Coupling of Tetrahydroisoquinolines and 3-Fluorooxindoles on Water
Authors: Ji Jian , Chen Ling-Yan , Qiu Zi-Bin , Ren Xinfeng , Li Ya
Published: October 2019

An efficient, metal-free oxidative coupling of tetrahydroisoquinolines and 3-fluorooxindoles on water has been developed. Using aqueous tert-butyl hydroperoxide as the oxidant, Et3N as the base, and water as the sole solvent, a variety of 3-fluorooxindoles fully substituted at the 3-position and containing a tetrahydroisoquinoline fragment has been successfully prepared in yields of up to 93% with an anti/syn stereo­selectivity of up to 99:1 under very mild and safe reaction conditions.
Recent Advances in Difluoromethylthiolation
Authors: Xiao Xuan , Zheng Zi-Tong , Li Ting , Zheng Jing-Lin , Tao Ting , Chen Li-Mei , Gu Jin-Ying , Yao Xu , Lin Jin-Hong , Xiao Ji-Chang
Published: October 2019

The difluoromethylthio group (HCF2S), which has been identified as a valuable functionality in drug and agrochemical discovery, has received increased attention recently. Two strategies, difluoromethylation and direct difluoromethylthiolation, have been well established for HCF2S incorporation. The former strategy suffers from the need to prepare sulfur-containing substrates. In contrast, direct difluoromethylthiolation is straightforward and step-economic. This short review covers the recent advances in direct difluoromethylthiolation, including electrophilic, radical, and transition-metal-catalyzed or -promoted reactions­.

1 Introduction

2 Electrophilic Difluoromethylthiolation

3 Radical Difluoromethylthiolation

4 Transition-Metal-Catalyzed or -Promoted Difluoromethylthiolation

5 Conclusions and Perspectives
A Synthetic Triple Helical Collagen Peptide as a New Agonist for Flow Cytometric Measurement of GPVI-Specific Platelet Activation
Authors: Sang Yaqiu , Huskens Dana , Wichapong Kanin , de Laat Bas , Nicolaes Gerry A. F. , Roest Mark
Published: October 2019

Synthetic cross-linked collagen-related peptide (CRP-XL) is a glycoprotein VI (GPVI) receptor activator for platelet activation. This triple helical peptide, widely used in platelet function tests, is synthesized and cross-linked through cysteine residues at its N-terminus and C-terminus. Currently, there is only one laboratory, which is capable to produce this valuable peptide for clinical applications. In an attempt to provide a standardized alternative for CRP-XL, we developed a synthetic triple helical collagen peptide (STH-CP) with the same primary sequence as CRP-XL (GPC-(GPO)10-GPCG-amide)3, which was both on the C-terminus and on the N-terminus fixed on a scaffold with a binding side for each of the three peptides. The performance of STH-CP on platelet function was studied using flow cytometry and compared with CRP-XL. We found that platelet activation pattern in response to STH-CP and CRP-XL is similar, although the STH-CP requires sixfold higher concentrations to activate platelets to the same state. The intra-assay percent coefficient of variation of STH-CP and CRP-XL were both < 5% and the interindividual variation measured in 118 individuals for both peptides was around 23 and 21% for αIIbβ3 activation and P-selectin expression, respectively. The STH-CP in ready-to-use reaction mix has lower variation than CRP-XL over 1-year storage. In reference values and seasonal variation study, the platelet activation response showed a strong correlation between STH-CP and CRP-XL.

Our findings show that this new STH-CP is a stable and potent platelet GPVI agonist which can induce the same reproducible platelet activation as CRP-XL and that STH-CP can be considered as a good alternative for CRP-XL.
Clinical Observation: Effect of a Second Transpositioned Variant in a Family with Autosomal Dominant Ryanodine Receptor-1–Related Disease
Authors: Avnon Tomer , Svirsky Ran , Orr-Urtreger Avi , Sagie Liora , Fattal-Valevski Aviva , Fellig Yakov , Ben-Shachar Shay
Published: October 2019

Mutations in the ryanodine receptor-1 (RYR1) may cause disorders inherited in an autosomal dominant/recessive fashion. Sequencing of RYR1 in an infant of Ashkenazi Jewish descent with severe hypotonia, dislocation of hip, torticollis and scoliosis, and paternal family history of autosomal dominant mild disease. The child was compound heterozygote for a missense variant c.7042G > A inherited from her father associated with autosomal dominant disease, and a missense variant of unknown significance c.5309C > T inherited from an asymptomatic mother. This case raises the possibility of a dominant disease complicated by a second variant in the other allele serving as a modifier.
Efficiency of numerical schemes for two dimensional Gray Scott model
Authors: Hasnain Shahid , Bashir Shazia , Linker Patrick , Saqib Muhammad
Published: October 2019

In this article, efficient numerical schemes for the two dimensional Gray Scott model are presented. The Gray Scott model presents self-replicating patterns such as spots and strips. These pattern formulations are suitable interplay between diffusion and reactions in which the coupled partial differential system is solved by using three finite difference schemes to enhance accuracy while maintaining stability of the system. The stability analysis is performed on stationary points whereas the analytical solution is compared with the numerical schemes, such as Douglas implicit fourth and sixth order compact difference schemes. The later two schemes are implemented for first time on such a system for analyzing error residuals and system efficiency. It is predicted that the efficiency is upgraded by Thomas block tridiagonal solver, which leads to an excellent improvement in accuracy measured by L∞ norm.
Comprehensive insights into effect of van der Waals contact on carbon nanotube network field-effect transistors
Authors: Huang Hao , Liu Xingqiang , Liu Fang , Liu Chuansheng , Liang Xuelei , Zhang Zhihong , Liu Kaihui , Zhao Xingzhong , Liao Lei
Published: October 2019

The fermi-level pinning effect caused by low-order contact interface influences the performance of carbon nanotube (CNT) network field-effect transistors (FETs). In this paper, ambipolar CNT network FETs subjected to van der Waals (vdW) contact are demonstrated with the negligible Fermi-level pinning effect by using a physical transfer approach. The vdW contact method allows for the metal and CNT network to retain their intrinsic states without direct chemical bonding and interface interactions, leading to low injection barrier and contact resistance (Rc). Therefore, the field-effect mobilities of vdW metal-semiconductor (MS) contact devices in regions of dominance of the holes (μp) and electrons (μn) were 18.71 and 2.4 cm2 V−1 s−1 and yielded enhancements 2 and 10 times, respectively, beyond those of devices with typically evaporated electrodes. In addition, to develop ambipolar devices with balanced output capability, two-dimensional materials (h-BN and graphene) were inserted into the MS interface to tune the injection barrier. Because the metal work function was effectively reduced by inserting the h-BN layer, devices with h-BN inserted obtained values of μp and μn of 15.85 and 5.1 cm2 V−1 s−1, respectively. For devices with graphene, because of its field-modulated band alignment capability, μn improved to 8.38 cm2 V−1 s−1, while μp dropped slightly to 17.5 cm2 V−1 s−1. Therefore, the vdW contact method is a highly efficient integration strategy for high-performance CNT network FETs, and the different insertion layers can efficiently tune the ambipolar transportation of CNT network FETs rather than using different contact metals. This research provides an avenue for the design of future CNT network-based electronics.
Rayleigh-Brillouin light scattering spectra of CO2 from molecular dynamics
Authors: Jamali Seyed Hossein , de Groen Mariette , Moultos Othonas A. , Hartkamp Remco , Vlugt Thijs J. H. , Ubachs Wim , van de Water Willem
Published: October 2019

Rayleigh-Brillouin light scattering spectra of CO2 at ultraviolet wavelengths are computed from molecular dynamics which depends on intermolecular potentials only. We find excellent agreement with state of the art experimental data. This agreement was reached in a minimal computational box with sides one scattering wavelength long and integrating the classical trajectories over 20 ns. We also find complete consistency with models based on kinetic theory, which take known values of the transport coefficients as input.
Dynamic Q-enhancement in aluminum nitride contour-mode resonators
Authors: Xu Changting , Kochhar Abhay , Piazza Gianluca
Published: October 2019

In this letter, we discuss a dynamic quality factor (Q)-enhancement technique for aluminum nitride (AlN) contour-mode resonators. This technique is implemented by applying an external voltage source that has a specific frequency-dependent phase relationship with respect to the driving voltage source. In this way, the effective spring, damping, and mass of the resonator become dependent on the frequency. With proper gain and phase delay between external and driving signals at resonance, 3-dB Q of the resonator's spectral admittance can be dramatically boosted beyond the fundamental limit of the AlN f-Q product. Meanwhile, the effective electromechanical coupling, kt2, is also improved regardless of the material piezoelectricity limit. These two enhancements correspond to the reduction of the effective damping and spring, respectively. Unlike other active Q-enhancement methods, which use complex electrical circuits to convert resonator displacement/output current into a feedback signal, in this approach, the external and driving signals are generated from the same source and split via a power splitter without resorting to any closed loop operation. The external signal is amplified and shifted by an amplifier and a delay line, respectively. Thus, the demonstrated dynamic Q-enhancement method is relatively simple to implement and intrinsically immune to self-oscillations.
Optimization of the squeezing factor by temperature-dependent phase shift compensation in a doubly resonant optical parametric oscillator
Authors: Zhang Wenhui , Wang Jinrong , Zheng Yaohui , Wang Yajun , Peng Kunchi
Published: October 2019

We report on a compensation characteristic of the phase shifts, originating from the cavity detuning and phase mismatching, in the process of squeezed state generation. In the experiment, the maximum level of squeezing was not generated under coresonance in a doubly resonant optical parametric oscillator (OPO), which was theoretically explained based on the motion equation of the OPO. Furthermore, the power dependence of the squeezing and antisqueezing was also measured at the coresonance and the optimum noise reduction status. The results revalidated the compensation mechanism. Finally, the amplitude quadrature (or vacuum) noise reduction was raised to 11.7 dB (or 12.3 dB) at 8 MHz by finely tuning the crystal temperature away from coresonance.
High power surface emitting InGaN superluminescent light-emitting diodes
Authors: Cahill R. , Maaskant P. P. , Akhter M. , Corbett B.
Published: October 2019

A high power InGaN superluminescent light-emitting diode emitting normal to the substrate is demonstrated. The device uses a structure in which a monolithically integrated turning mirror reflects the light at both ends of the in-plane waveguide to direct amplified spontaneous emission downward through the transparent GaN substrate. Record optical peak powers of >2 W (both outputs) are reported under pulsed operation at 1% duty cycle. A broad, smooth emission spectrum with a FWHM of 6 nm centered at 416 nm is measured at peak output and ascribed to very low feedback associated with the turning mirror and antireflection coating.
Effective viscoelasticity of non-Newtonian fluids modulated by large-spherical particles aligned under unsteady shear
Authors: Yoshida Taiki , Tasaka Yuji , Murai Yuichi
Published: October 2019

The effective viscoelasticity of non-Newtonian fluids with spherical particles has been examined by ultrasonic spinning rheometry [Yoshida et al., “Efficacy assessments in ultrasonic spinning rheometry: Linear viscoelastic analysis on non-Newtonian fluids,” J. Rheol. 63, 503 (2019)]. Under unsteady shear flows, the dispersed particles make alignments in the sheared direction if the relaxation time of the fluid media is sufficiently long. The alignments modulate the effective rheological properties, and the effective viscosity does not reach the value estimated by Einstein’s law; the effective elasticity increases significantly with increasing volume fraction in the bulk of the measurement volume. To establish further details of factors influencing the aligned particles under unsteady shear flows/deformations, numerical tests using a simple toy model assuming dispersed particles combined by spring forces considering yield stresses were conducted, and the model identified the importance of the relaxation process on the orientation of the particles. Finally, considering the experimental findings, local and macrorheological characteristics are strongly modulated by the particle alignment when the test fluid media have long relaxation times (or high Weissenberg numbers).
Confined Tamm optical states coupled to quantum dots in a photoconductive detector
Authors: Harbord Edmund , Cemlyn Ben , Parker Matthew , Clarke Edmund , Kennedy Kenneth , Henning Ian , Adams Mike , Oulton Ruth
Published: October 2019

By employing Tamm optical states—states localized between a thin metal microdisk and a semiconductor distributed Bragg reflector—we demonstrate near 1300 nm (O-band), narrow wavelength (20 nm FWHM), highly spatially localized photodetection. By varying the size of the microdisk, we show spectral tuning (7 nm) of the peak optical response. Furthermore, by reducing the symmetry of the microstructures, we lift the degeneracy of the polarization, producing a polarization sensitivity in our detector. These confined Tamm states are useful not only for sensing but also for photoconductive switch applications such as optical microwave switches and terahertz generation.
Modeling of dynamic elasto-plastic growth of a nano-void with surface energy, inertia and thermal softening effects
Authors: Zhao Fu-Qi , Ma Xin-Bing , Pan Hao , Liu Jin-Xing
Published: October 2019

Surface effect, inertia and thermal softening are important factors affecting the elasto-plastic evolution of voids. In this study, we theoretically examine the dynamic evolution of a nano-void in an elasto-plastic medium, particularly focusing on influences of surface energy, inertia and thermal softening. A two-stage strategy of analyzing surface effect is adopted, i.e. the first stage which is a quasi-static stage from a fictitious stress-free configuration to the actual initial configuration, and the second one which is the dynamic process of deformation under both surface stress and external dynamic loadings. The void will grow dynamically and quickly under high external loading, and the accelerations of material points in the neighborhood of the void are extremely high, resulting in a profound inertia effect. Under impact-like loading conditions, the plastic work done during the elasto-plastic growing process of the void is mainly transformed into heat, leading to thermal softening of material. Furthermore, heat transfer can be well neglected due to the transient characteristic of the problem studied. Tendencies related to all above influence factors are systematically analyzed.