bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comportamiento espacial y temporal de Thrips simplex Morison (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) en la región norte del Estado de México
Authors: Quiñones-Valdez Rosalba , Sánchez-Pale Jesús Ricardo , Castañeda-Vildozola Álvaro , Franco Mora Omar , Johansen-Naime Roberto , Mejorada-Gómez Elizabeth
Published: February 2020

El gladiolo es la ornamental de mayor superficie sembrada en México, su flor se comercializa durante todo el año, aunque en fechas específicas como el día del padre y el día de muertos presenta fuerte demanda. Sus principales problemas fitosanitarios son trips, mosquita blanca, roya y secamiento. Los trips son considerados la plaga más limitante por los fuertes daños que ocasionan a la calidad de la flor, generan pérdidas económicas aunadas a la fuerte inversión que implica su control. El objetivo del trabajo fue determinar el comportamiento espacial y temporal de Thrips simplex (Morison, 1930) en parcelas comerciales de gladiolo de la variedad roja borrega. Se evaluó su densidad en 121 trampas de color amarillo, durante tres etapas fenológicas, en cada una de las dos parcelas evaluadas durante los ciclos invierno-verano y verano-otoño de los años 2013-2014. Las trampas fueron georeferenciadas, se colocaron en forma de una malla de 10x10 m en cada parcela. Se realizó el análisis geoestadístico para obtener los semivariogramas a modelos ajustados y validados para elaborar mapas de densidad. Thrips simplex mostró un comportamiento espacial de tipo agregado, ajustándose a diferentes patrones espaciales y temporales. Las densidades presentaron poca variación entre las diferentes fechas de muestreo, aunque la ubicación y dispersión de los centros de agregación fue diferente en las tres etapas fenológicas para la misma parcela, visualizándose con los mapas generados en los dos ciclos de producción evaluados.
Perbuatan pidana kesusilaan dalam rancangan undang-undang KUHP
Authors: Hartini Sri
Published: February 2020

As an independent and sovereignty country, Indonesia should arrange KUHP (Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana) to avoid loss of criminalities that have been increasing. The renewal of KUHP is very needed because it's not proper with the values of social politic, social philosophy, and social cultural of Indonesia people. It is the basic for sosial, criminal policy, and law enforcement. The urgency of revising of KUHP, specially putting susila crime put in draft criminal code (RUU KUHP) and almost the requirement still be formed widely, not distinguishing between criminal and people who break the rule, but the words "susila Crime” and the newly "statutory rape" and "incest’. According to the renewal, it's needed to direct it into the law development that is democratic and responsive, so that the law's function-that protect the society, can give fairness and as a development instrument will raise suitable with the principle of law country.  Although the draft criminal code (RUU KUHP) still need to be discussed again, remembering the effort to have national KUHP is very urgent, so it's better that draft criminal code (RUU KUHP) is not need more time to be UU, in the other hand, technically we will face difficulties in law enforcement because the representatives and experts are more free to say their thoughts.
Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan persekolahan: standar isi dan pembelajarannya
Authors: Winarno Winarno
Published: February 2020

The content standard of civic education for the elementary level and junior high level consist of minimum materials and minimum competency, there are standard competency and basic compe­tency of civic education subject that should be studied by the students. The next definition of contain standard is to arrange Curriculum of Educational Level, syllabi, and Study Imple­mentation Planning. The Civic Education learning stand on the process standard that is the learning process that done interactively, inspirationally, fon, challenging, motivating the student to be actively participated; and also give enough spaces for the initiates, creatively, and indepen­dency based on the talent, enthusiasm, and the student physical and development: Substantially, the Civic Education contains, according to the contain standard are similar with the subject contain of the Civic Education based on the 2004 Curriculum. Thereby, the Civic Education teachers can use the 2004 Civic Education Curriculum guide in order to develop the materials and the school Civic Education Learning.
PEMILIHAN KEPALA DAERAH DALAM PERSPEKTIF PERAN PENDIDIKAN KEWARGANEGARAAN Pemilihan kepala daerah dalam perspektif Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan
Authors: Cholisin Cholisin
Published: February 2020

Civic Education is an important component ofeducation of democracy, because itfosters citizen's participation within public daily life, in fonn ofpolitical participation, e.g. in election of head oflocal (llgencylprovence) guvemment-abbreviated into Pilkada for indirect election and Pilkadal for direct election by people. This paper focuses on implementation ofrole of Civic Education in context of Pilkadal  Through Civic Education, citizen is preparated to be rational voter, learn on democracy through democratic institution, e.g. Pilkadal Effectivity of Civic Education well be influenced by whether candidates contribute to strengthen rational-calctdatiue voting behavior or precisely foster emotional one. Pilkadal will be meaningful when it plays a role in fonn of the first So that; candidates should learn and then peform behavior according to what is striven in Civic Education. Finally, they could become a good "teacher". ofa political education through Pilkadal
Transformasi kebudayaan Islam di Kotagede
Authors: Nasiwan Nasiwan
Published: February 2020

This paper aims to investigate the main question: Is theory of cultural transformation formulated by Mitsuo Nakamura still significant after that Indonesian people experience funda­mental changes in several aspect of their life? This paper is based on a qualitative research with case study approach. Data were collected by interview, observation, and document review. There are some main results of the research.l) Prediction of Mitsuo Nakamura which stated that subculture of santri in Kotagede has capability to lead changes, is still releant and valid due to their nowadays practices of life. While some part ofhis thoughts is notmore valid because some politictd configuration at national level occurs. 2) Cultural traniformation occurs in Kotagede; which is especially inspired and generatedby subculture of Modernist Islam. There is a phenomenon that value standard which was decidedby Majelis Tatjih Muhammadiyah is partially ignored.Approach of dakwah (religious proselytizing) got going to accommodate sym­bols and traditions ofsociety of Kotagede. "Undercover insubordination" against Tarjih Muhammadiyah has appeared as reflected in emergence of term "MUjA", abbreviated form Muhammadiyah jawa (Javanese Muhammadiyah),and of permissive culture.
Kekerasan terhadap perempuan dalam wacana tafsir keagamaan di Indonesia perspektif Islam
Authors: Marzuki Marzuki
Published: February 2020

This is a content analysis research that examines the contents of the books of fiqh that have the potential existence of gender violence; especially a book entitled Vqud al-Lujjain fi al­Bayani Huquq al-Zaujain; a work of Muhammad ibn Umar al-Nawawi al-Banteni; in gender equality and justice perspective. This study shows that gender violence among the Muslim community,particularly in Indonesia, was much influenced by the circulation of the books of fiqh that have the potential gender bias and have an impact on religious thought and behavior. Among of causalfactors is the influence cfinterpretations of the scholars whose interpretations are characterized by a partial, not comprehensive, literal (textual), not contextual, and heavily itifluenced by local culture. As a result, the understanding is less consistent with the principles of al-Qurran that stressed equality,justice, and .freedom. The eJfortneed to be done is reconstruction and reformulation of the books offiqh.
Masa depan civil society di Indonesia: prospek dan tantangan
Authors: Halili Halili
Published: February 2020

This paper aims to discuss on civil society, its prospects and challenges. It is urgent because civil society is a determining factor of lndonesia democratization. Civil society is a society within state which containing social association which has ability to fill public spaces between state and citizen, and interactwith state independt1y, wether indivual or collective. Prospect qf civil societyfarming is determined by establishment ofsome components: 1) existence cf societal autonomy, 2) access ofpublic to state agencies, 3) independent public arena; 4) arena publik yang mandiri, dan keempat arena publik yang terbuka. Prospect of ciuil society deuelopmentis influenced by optimalization ofsome factors: 1) establishment of, demo­cratic families, 2) growth of roles of non government organization toward both state and citizen, 3) increase of intellectual middle class, especially students, and 4) implementation of political education formally (e.g. civic or citizenship education) and informally. The challenges of future of civil society are: 1) high of social fragmentation among people, 2) limited distribution of development results infold ofeconomy, social, and education, and also 4) paternalistic culture which is stiO strong among society.
Karakteristik kewarganegaraan yang demokratis dalam perspektif demokrasi Pancasila
Authors: Cholisin Cholisin
Published: February 2020

Pancasila democracy is a constitutional democracy. Characteristics of Pancasila democracy are: (1) the scope is not limited in the sense of political democracy, but also covering the economic and social democracy, (2) in the spirit it contains the religious, humanist, collectivism (kekelurgaan­patterns of village life), (3) although modern democratic institutions that are used but in decision­making mechanisms of soao-cultural institution that is native consultation system. Pancasila democracy has these' characteristics, a characteristic of democratic citizen in the Homeland, for . example: relegious, humanist, nationalist, democratic and socialjustice. Suchh characteristics will distinguish the state with citizens of non-Pancasila democracy
Korban penyalahgunaan rezim orde baru
Authors: Hartini Sri
Published: February 2020

Abuse of power committed by the New Order regime covered all aspects of life, including legal aspects, economic and political. As a result in legal field, the abuse caused the victim of individuals, groups and citizens who suffered physicaIIY, mentallY, and economicallY. People (''grassroots'') and the country became a victim of abuse of power committed by the rulers of the New Order in the economicfield Further consequences of abuse of power committed by the New Order regime in the political casualties of individuals, groups, communities and social structures that stiffered phisicallY, mentallY and economicallY. Victims of abuse of power of the New Order regime that includes a new victim (new victimology) is positive in the criminal law was not identified by authorities as a victim, as victims of conventional crime which is the target of criminal law in Indonesia. Victims of abuse of power, including victims of crimes, are unconventional. Viewed from the paradigm of victimization, the victims of abuse of power includes politzcal.
Kajian tentang teori-teori gender
Authors: Marzuki Marzuki
Published: February 2020

Gender is a characteristic used as the basis for identifying the differences between men and women in terms of social and cultural conditions, values and behavior, mentality, emotions, and other non biological factors. To understand and resolve the issue of gender, we can stucfy various theories of gender. Gender theories adopted many of the theories of sociology and prychology;e.g. the stntcturalfunctional theory, social-corflict theory, theory of libera!feminism, theory of Marxist­socialist feminism, theory of radical feminism, ecofeminism theory, and theory of psychoanalysis.
Peran partai politik dalam meningkatkan partisipasi politik kader perempuan melalui pendidikan politik
Authors: Hariyanti Hariyanti , Darmawan Cecep , Masyitoh Iim Siti
Published: February 2020

Partai politik mempunyai kewajiban yuridis dan moral untuk melaksanakan pendidikan politik khususnya memberdayakan kader perempuan di tengah minimnya partisipasi politik perempuan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif. Penentuan informan penelitian melalui teknik non probability sampling dengan teknik purposive sampling. Teknik pengujian keabsahan data menggunakan triangulasi sumber data. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kendala-kendala pendidikan politik kader perempuan, yakni (1) kendala internal, yang berasal dalam diri kader perempuan; (2) kendala eksternal, stereotip dalam konstruksi sosial budaya masyarakat; (3) keseriusan partai dalam memberdayakan kader perempuan; (4) kelemahan regulasi peraturan perundang-undangan. Partai politik melakukan beberapa upaya untuk mengatasi kendala tersebut melalui pendekatan personal, menggagas konsep tanpa mahar politik; membentuk regulasi internal partai politik yang akomodatif terhadap kebutuhan perempuan.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Political parties have moral as well as juridical obligation to conduct political education especially for women cadres in the low level of political participation among women. It was a qualitative research with descriptive method of explanation. The informant involved was selected with non-probability sampling, purposive sampling. The results reveal the obstacles faced by women cadres are (1) internal obstacles, coming from the cadres themselves; (2) external obstacles, coming from stereotype upholding by among cultural and society members; (3) the seriousness of political party to empower their own women cadres; (4) the weakness of the law concerning this issue. To overcome the problems, political parties is doing effort such as personal approach, politic without political ‘bride price’ (mahar politik), issuing internal regulation accommodative to the needs of women.
Accuracy of Vital Signs Measurements by a Smartwatch and a Portable Health Device: Validation Study
Authors: Hahnen Christina , Freeman Cecilia G , Haldar Nilanjan , Hamati Jacquelyn N , Bard Dylan M , Murali Vignesh , Merli Geno J , Joseph Jeffrey I , van Helmond Noud
Published: February 2020

Background

New consumer health devices are being developed to easily monitor multiple physiological parameters on a regular basis. Many of these vital sign measurement devices have yet to be formally studied in a clinical setting but have already spread widely throughout the consumer market.

Objective

The aim of this study was to investigate the accuracy and precision of heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and oxygen saturation (SpO2) measurements of 2 novel all-in-one monitoring devices, the BodiMetrics Performance Monitor and the Everlast smartwatch.

Methods

We enrolled 127 patients (>18 years) from the Thomas Jefferson University Hospital Preadmission Testing Center. SBP and HR were measured by both investigational devices. In addition, the Everlast watch was utilized to measure DBP, and the BodiMetrics Performance Monitor was utilized to measure SpO2. After 5 min of quiet sitting, four hospital-grade standard and three investigational vital sign measurements were taken, with 60 seconds in between each measurement. The reference vital sign measurements were calculated by determining the average of the two standard measurements that bounded each investigational measurement. Using this method, we determined three comparison pairs for each investigational device in each subject. After excluding data from 42 individuals because of excessive variation in sequential standard measurements per prespecified dropping rules, data from 85 subjects were used for final analysis.

Results

Of 85 participants, 36 (42%) were women, and the mean age was 53 (SD 21) years. The accuracy guidelines were only met for the HR measurements in both devices. SBP measurements deviated 16.9 (SD 13.5) mm Hg and 5.3 (SD 4.7) mm Hg from the reference values for the Everlast and BodiMetrics devices, respectively. The mean absolute difference in DBP measurements for the Everlast smartwatch was 8.3 (SD 6.1) mm Hg. The mean absolute difference between BodiMetrics and reference SpO2 measurements was 3.02%.

Conclusions

Both devices we investigated met accuracy guidelines for HR measurements, but they failed to meet the predefined accuracy guidelines for other vital sign measurements. Continued sale of consumer physiological monitors without prior validation and approval procedures is a public health concern.
An Update of the Diagnosis for Diabetic Kidney Disease (Preprint)
Authors: Xu Gaosi , Wang Qi
Published: February 2020

UNSTRUCTURED

Diabetes mellitus is a growing burden on global healthcare. Although the definition of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is that the kidney disease due to type 1 or 2 diabetes, the clinical diagnosis of DKD remains controversial. The diagnosis of DKD is highly subjective, depending on the doctor’s judgment and experience. It is necessary to distinguish the non-diabetic kidney disease from DKD at an early time, however, it is also seems difficult and inefficient. Up to date, there is lack of the diagnostic flow diagram for the disease. In this mini-review, we for the first time focused to create a diagnostic workflow for the disease.
Особливості взаємозв’язків між вмістом тиреотропного гормону і деякими маркерами серцево-судинного ризику при субклінічному гіпотиреозі
Authors: Pasiechko N.V. , Yevstratieva Yu.V.
Published: February 2020

Вступ. Гіпотиреоз, у тому числі субклінічний, асоціюється з підвищенням ризику розвитку хронічної серцевої недостатності. Згідно з даними дослідження Cardiovascular Health Study, підвищений рівень тиреотропного гормона (ТТГ) можна розглядати як фактор ризику розвитку серцевої недостатності. Мета дослідження — вивчення взаємозв’язків між рівнем ТТГ і наявністю серцево-судинних порушень у пацієнток із субклінічним гіпотиреозом. Матеріали та методи. В одномоментне поперечне дослідження були включені 26 жінок репродуктивного віку (від 32 до 47 років) із субклінічним гіпотиреозом (група 1) і 25 жінок без порушення функціонального стану щитоподібної залози (ЩЗ) і кардіальної патології в анамнезі (група 2). У всіх жінок оцінювали наявність факторів і маркерів серцево-судинного ризику, ранніх ознак ураження міокарда. Для порівняння груп пацієнток із нормальною функцією ЩЗ та із субклінічним гіпотиреозом (групи 1 і 2) був застосований ROC-аналіз для ідентифікації рівнів ТТГ, асоційованих із найбільшою ймовірністю виявлення досліджуваних порушень. Результати. За даними ROC-аналізу, рівень ТТГ ≥ 4,67 мМО/л прогнозував розвиток діастолічної дисфункції лівого та/або правого шлуночків із чутливістю 70,6 (49,8; 89,1) % і специфічністю 69,3 (53,2; 80,6) % (AUC 0,672 (0,561; 0,787), p = 0,032). Аналогічно значення ТТГ ≥ 4,8 мМО/л вказувало на можливість виявлення сегментарних порушень релаксації з чутливістю 61,9 (46,2; 77,7) % і специфічністю 73,1 (42,9; 91,0) % (AUC 0,680 (0,543; 0,831), p = 0,042). Висновки. Початкові прояви серцево-судинних порушень частіше виникають при значеннях ТТГ у діапазоні 4,6–5,9 мМО/л. Рівень ТТГ понад 5,45 мМО/л може розглядатися як предиктор розвитку асоційованих із субклінічним гіпотиреозом кардіоваскулярних розладів.
Роль дисліпідемії в розвитку нефропатії у хворих на цукровий діабет 2-го типу (огляд літератури)
Authors: Ismailov S.I. , Muminova S.U.
Published: February 2020

Огляд літератури присвячений встановленню ролі дисліпідемії в розвитку нефропатії у хворих на цукровий діабет (ЦД) 2-го типу. Хронічна гіперліпідемія при ЦД супроводжується ураженням і дисфункцією різних органів і тканин, зумовленими специфічними генералізованими змінами судин або мікроангіопатією. Мікро- та макроангіопатії призводять до підвищеної серцево-судинної летальності у хворих на ЦД 2-го типу. У пацієнтів із ЦД і хронічною хворобою нирок дисліпідемія може посилюватися гіперглікемією й інсулінорезистентністю. Контроль дисліпідемії є важливою терапевтичною мішенню, нормалізація ліпідного обміну і глікемічного статусу знижує ризик ниркових ускладнень при ЦД 2-го типу.
Особливості діагностики та лікування вторинного гіпотиреозу
Authors: Maslyanko V.A.
Published: February 2020

Огляд літератури присвячений вторинному гіпотиреозу — рідкісній патології, при діагностиці та лікуванні якої виникає низка питань і труднощів. Основними причинами вторинного гіпотиреозу у дорослих є пухлини гіпоталамо-гіпофізарної ділянки, а також стан після оперативного і променевого впливу на цю ділянку. Гормонально активні та неактивні макроаденоми гіпофіза є причиною розвитку набутого вторинного гіпотиреозу в більше ніж 50 % випадків. При променевій терапії пухлин головного мозку розвиток вторинного гіпотиреозу можливий через декілька років після проведеного лікування. Як і при первинному гіпотиреозі, клінічні прояви вторинного гіпотиреозу неспецифічні. Діагностика та лікування цього захворювання найчастіше ускладнюються його поєднанням з недостатністю інших тропних гормонів. Основу діагностики вторинного гіпотиреозу становлять анамнестичні дані і лабораторні показники — одночасне визначення концентрації тиреотропного гормона і вільного тироксину. Вміст вільного тироксину також використовують як основний маркер адекватності дози левотироксину при лікуванні вторинного гіпотиреозу. Результати нещодавно опублікованих праць дозволяють оптимізувати замісну терапію при вторинному гіпотиреозі, однак дотепер залишається невивченим питання використання додаткових біохімічних маркерів для оцінки адекватності замісної терапії.
Profesi Kearsipan : Antara Pengakuan dan Integritas (Studi Kasus Pada Kementerian Energi dan Sumber Daya Mineral)
Authors: Sugito Wisudowati Ayu
Published: February 2020

Kementerian Energi dan Sumber Daya Mineral (KESDM) sebagai instansi yang bertanggung jawab terhadap keamanan pasokan energi dalam negeri, dimana dalam pelaksanaan tugas dan fungsi akan mempengaruhi ketahanan ekonomi nasional dan ketahanan energi nasional sehingga arsip yang tercipta memiliki nilai sejarah tapak tilas bangsa Indonesia dalam sektor energi dan sumber daya mineral. Sudah selayaknya arsip dimaksud dikelola oleh sumber daya manusia kearsipan profesional. Namun, meskipun kebutuhan akan jabatan fungsional arsiparis sangat besar, pandangan dan minat pemilihan karir profesi kearsipan tergolong rendah.Penelitian ini mencoba mengkaji motivasi pilihan karir profesi kearsipan lebih dipengaruhi oleh pengakuan profesi kearsipan dari pihak eksternal atau integritas kearsipan dalam diri pejabat fungsional arsiparis dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Penelitian dilakukan dengan melaksanakan wawancara dengan para fungsional arsiparis dengan penyesuaian/inpassing serta pejabat struktural yang menangani ketatausahaan dan kearsipan dengan wawancara sistem terbuka, melakukan pengamatan terhadap kondisi kerja serta melakukan kajian terhadap dokumen yang relevan.Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa motivasi aparatur negeri sipil terhadap pilihan karir sebagai fungsional arsiparis sebagian besar karena kepangkatan yang stagnan serta prosedur inpassing yang relative mudah. Integritas kearsipan sendiri menjadi sangat tidak berarti dalam pilihan karir profesi kearsipan.
Perpustakaan, Lembaga Kearsipan dan Museum: Dahulu, Sekarang dan Esok
Authors: Maslahah Khoirul , Rahmawati Nushrotul Hasanah
Published: February 2020

Perpustakaan, lembaga arsip dan museum adalah tiga tempat yang berbeda, namun sebenarnya ketiganya mempunyai fungsi sama yaitu mengelola dan menyebarkan informasi. Perbedaan utama dari ketiganya adalah media yang dikelola, di mana perpustakaan dengan media buku,  arsip dengan surat penting,  dan museum dengan benda-benda pentingnya. Sebagai pengelola dan penyebar informasi masing-masing lembaga tersebut mempunyai sejarah masa lalu,  masa kini dan masa yang akan datang.  Perpustakaan pada zaman dahulu hanya menghimpun koleksi tercetak, kini perpustakaan sudah menggoleksi bahan perpustakaan dalam berbagai media dan sudah tersambung dengan jaringan internet. Perpustakaan masa depan adalah tempat yang bisa diakses oleh pemakainya sepanjang waktu dan tempat yang menyenangkan.  Lembaga kearsipan dahulu adalah tempat menyimpan arsip dalam bentuk kertas dan akan dimusnahkan sesuai dengan jadwal retensinya. Lembaga kearsipan saat ini sudah dikelola dengan menggunakan teknologi informasi dikenal dengan arsip elektronik yang disimpan dalam pangkalan data sehingga dapat menghemat tempat. Image museum pada masyarakat pada zamand ahulu adalah tempat menyimpan artefak dan benda peninggalan zaman kuno, sehingga terkesan 5K (kaku, kusam, kotor, klenik dan kasihan).Museum saat ini sudah berbenah dengan mengimplementasikan teknologi informasi untuk menarik pengunjung. Saat ini banyak perguruan tinggi yang menggabungkan tigains lembaga ini dalam satu gedung namun untuk konsep layanannya tetap sesuai dengan kaidah masing-masing lembaga (perpustakaan, lembaga arsip dan musem).
Pengelolaan Arsip Keluarga: Antara Kebutuhan dan Kesadaran
Authors: Suliyati Titiek
Published: February 2020

Artikel ini membahas tentang arsip keluarga yang selama ini kurang diperhatikan, baik oleh keluarga maupun publik. Arsip keluarga menjadi bukti dan penanda aktivitas yang dilakukan oleh seluruh anggota keluarga. Pada masa sekarang arsip keluarga sangat penting dalam aktivitas keseharian keluarga. Kegiatan pendidikan, bisnis, kesehatan, hukum, sosial, kemasyarakatan, kebudayaan, kesenian, olah raga dan masih banyak lainnya, memerlukan arsip keluarga. Untuk kelancaran tugas dan aktivitas keseharian keluarga, setiap keluarga diharapkan memiliki kesadaran untuk mengelola arsip keluarga dengan baik. Penyimpanan arsip keluarga secara efisien menjadi kebutuhan, karena sumber-sumber informasi yang terekam dalam arsip keluarga ketika dibutuhkan, tersedia dalam waktu yang cepat. Metode yang digunakan dalam penulisan artikel ini dimulai dari penelusuran data melalui observasi dan wawancara pada sejumlah keluarga di lingkungan tempat tinggal, lingkungan kerja dan lingkungan keluarga penulis. Selain itu data dan informasi diperoleh dari  literatur-literatur, dokumen, perundang-undangan dan peraturan tentang pengelolaan arsip keluarga. Analisa yang dipakai adalah analisa diskriptif.    Permasalahan dalam artikel ini adalah bagaimana menumbuhkan kesadaran pada keluarga untuk mengelola arsip keluarga secara efisien dan efektif agar mereka dapat memenuhi kebutuhan terhadap ketersediaan arsip yang tepat dan cepat. Hasil pembahasan menunjukkan, bahwa sebagian besar keluarga sudah menyimpan arip-arsip keluarga yang terkait dengan pekerjaan, pendidikan, kepemilikan, kesehatan, data diri, perbankan, walaupun belum secara sistematis. Keluarga-keluarga masih kesulitan mencari arsip ketika ada keperluan di berbagai bidang yang mensyaratkan  satu atau beberapa arsip keluarga untuk dilampirkan.
ESLICARBAZEPINE AND MEMORY IMPAIRMENT IN TEMPORAL LOBE EPILEPSY: A STUDY ON THE ATTENUATING EFFECT OF NEFIRACETAM
Authors: RAY BIPUL , LINGANNA KRISHNA KAMSAGARA
Published: February 2020

Objectives: The objectives of the present investigation were to evaluate the memory impairment (MI) activity of eslicarbazepine (ESL) in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) at a normal and reduced dose, to evaluate the possible protective effect of nefiracetam (NEF) on MI induced by ESL at a normal and reduced dose, and to evaluate the antiepileptic activity of ESL on TLE in the presence and absence of NEF.

Methods: MI activity was evaluated by Barnes maze (BM) on lithium-pilocarpine-induced TLE in Wistar albino rats. Rats were trained by releasing from the portable start-up box after keeping sometimes inside, to find the fixed dark escape hole of BM. Mild aversive light overhead was used to motivate the finding. Animals failed to do so were guided manually. Trained animals were taken for the study and checked the escape latency time (ELT) and the error scores (error entry). The treatment was given for 1 month and MI activity was measured on every 7th day and antiepileptic activity on every 8th day. Phenytoin was used as standard antiepileptic drug (AED) to compare the MI extent of ESL.

Results: ESL-treated group animals had shown increased ELT and error scores, on comparison with control group, implying the MI as a result treatment of the AED ESL. MI was dose dependent and shown decreased MI in animals treated with half dose of ESL. When NEF was administered with the ESL significantly decreased the MI as well as showed potent anticonvulsant activity when compared to control and ESL alone treated group. The levels of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in ESL group were observed to be increased against control group. Cotreatment of NEF results in decreased levels of AChE on comparison with control and the group treated with ESL.

Conclusion: The reduced dose of ESL and NEF combination was found to have synergized the protecting effect against MI compared to normal ESL and NEF group without altering anticonvulsant activity. However, further studies are required to elicit detailed protective activity of NEF on MI induced by ESL.
ANALYSIS OF ILLICIT DRUGS AND NICOTINE IN A BUCCAL TOBACCO BRAND MARKETED IN YEMEN
Authors: AM THABIT ANES , AL-GHANI AHMED MS
Published: February 2020

Objectives: The objective of the present study was to check the potential presence of illicit drugs and to quantify the amount of nicotine in a buccal tobacco brand that had been observed to be increasingly used by Yemeni youths, since 2014, causing narcosis resembling states among them.

Methods: Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) described by the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) was used to screen illicit drugs in the tested brand. The illicit drugs investigated included opiates, heroin, amphetamines, and cocaine. The TLC results were confirmed as recommended by the UNODC using color chemical tests. Identification and quantification of nicotine in the brand was carried out using an appropriate high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) system.

Results: No illicit drug was found in the tested tobacco brand. On the other hand, it was found that the amount of nicotine in just a single dose (sachet) of the buccal brand was 17.67±0.901 mg, which was 3.53-fold greater than usual buccal dose of nicotine (5 mg).

Conclusion: With the exception of cannabis, opioids, and hallucinogens that were not investigated in this study due to technical obstacles, other major illicit narcotic drugs are not found in the brand. The brand contains high amount of nicotine/sachet. However, knowing that the user may use more than one sachet of the brands a day, there is a great potential of nicotine overdosing due to intake of the brand. This may cause a narcosis resembling state called “Nesbitt’s paradox,” characterized by reducing neuronal activity of the user.
PHYTOCHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF YELLOW VELVETLEAF FRUIT (LIMNOCHARIS FLAVA) EXTRACT
Authors: BAEHAKI ACE , LESTARI SHANTI DWITA , SIREGAR NORYATI
Published: February 2020

Objective: The purpose of this research was to observe the content of phytochemical compound and antioxidant activity of yellow velvetleaf fruit (Limnocharis flava) extract.

Methods: Research consisted of several stages, including sampling, sample preparation, sample extraction, calculation of yield extract, phytochemical analysis (flavonoids, steroids, alkaloids, saponins, and triterpenoids), and antioxidant activity assessment using 2’,2’-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and iron-reducing power method.

Results: The n-hexane and methanol extract contained flavonoids, saponins, and triterpenoids, while flavonoids and triterpenoids were detected on ethyl acetate extract. The IC50 of yellow velvetleaf extract with n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol was 3321.67 ppm, 1439.24 ppm, and 96.0 ppm, respectively. The methanol extract had the highest iron-reducing power with the average absorbance of 0.588 followed by the ethyl acetate extract with the average absorbance of 0.195 and n-hexane extract had lowest with the average absorbance of 0.171.

Conclusion: The best solvent to extract the yellow velvetleaf and have highest antioxidant activity was methanol solvent.
ANTIULCER ACTIVITY OF ELECTROHOMEOPATHIC DRUG (SPAGYRIC ESSENCE) CANCEROUS 15 - 3rd DILUTION AGAINST INDOMETHACIN-INDUCED GASTRIC ULCER IN RATS
Authors: SABAT PRASANT KUMAR
Published: February 2020

Objective: To evaluate the curative protects activity of electrohomeopathic drug Cancerous15 (C15) against Indomethacin (IND)-induced gastric ulcer in albino rats. None of the data have been reported on antiulcer activity of C15 drug. Hence, the present study focuses on the scientific investigation of antiulcer activity of C15 against Indomethacin-induced peptic ulceration of rat models.

Methods: A total number of 35 albino rats were divided into five groups equally. Pure water was given to Group 1 (normal). IND was given orally to Group 2 (ulcerated control). Cancerous15 third dilution was given to Group 3. IND was given to Group 4 and Group 5 animals, thereafter pretreatment with Esomeprazole (ESM) and C15-third dilution, respectively. The pretreatments were treated in each day’s interval for 21 days before IND administration. There was provision of food and water throughout the experimental period. On the 23rd day, the stomachs of the sacrificed rats were removed, and (1) ulcer index, (2) percentage of ulcer inhibition, (3) gastric volume, (4) pH, (5) pepsin activity, (6) mucin content, (7) malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration, and (8) stearidonic acid activity were studied.

Results: The pre-treated animals with ESM and C15 shown as significantly decreases in ulcer index, gastric volume, pepsin activity and MDA concentration, and significant increase in the percentage ulcer inhibition, pH value, mucin content, and superoxide dismutase activity concentration in comparison to ulcer-induced rats.

Conclusion: The study shows the significant ulcer protective activity of the C15 drug against IND-induced peptic ulceration in rats.
PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY ON ANTIBIOTIC-PRESCRIBING PATTERN AND MEDICATION ERRORS IN SURGICAL PROPHYLAXIS IN A SPECIALTY HOSPITAL
Authors: KUMAR N SENTHIL , K SIVASAKTHI , JOSEPH JISA ELIZABETH , VA VISHNUKUMAR , RP GEOLIN
Published: February 2020

Objective: The objective was to study the antibiotic-prescribing patterns, identify the medication errors and impact of surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis (SAP) in preventing surgical site infection (SSI), and to understand the prescribers’ adherence to surgical prophylaxis guidelines.

Methods: The study was conducted for a period of 6 months in all surgical departments of a specialty hospital. Data were collected from inpatients records. Australian guideline for SAP was used to assess the appropriateness in prescribing pattern. The sample size was calculated using Raosoft sample size calculator.

Results: A prospective observational study was carried out among 178 patients. Of which, 100 were male and 78 were female. Four hundred and thirty-three antimicrobials were prescribed as pre- and post-operative surgical prophylaxis, among that 87% prescribed by brand name and 13% by generic. Seventy-one percent received single antimicrobial agent preoperatively, of which 99.5% prescribed as parenteral and 0.5% as oral formulation. Most often prescribed antibiotic was cefoperazone (28%) of cephalosporin group. Only 5.6% of cases had compliance with SAP guidelines. In this study, 11 patients affected with SSI due to inappropriate antibiotic selection and non-adherence to prophylactic antibiotic guidelines.

Conclusion: The present study revealed that there is a poor compliance to SAP guidelines in terms of inappropriateness in antibiotic drug selection, dose, duration, and omission of drugs. Inappropriateness and non-compliance are mainly due to unavailability of clinical pharmacist to assist the physicians in the selection and administration of correct choice of prophylactic drug and unavailability of proper national or local guidelines. Hence, there is dire need to make local SAP guidelines to improve SAP-prescribing pattern.
A GREEN VORTEX-ASSISTED IONIC LIQUID-BASED DISPERSIVE LIQUID–LIQUID MICROEXTRACTION METHOD FOR PRECONCENTRATION AND DETERMINATION OF TRACE CADMIUM IN FOOD SAMPLES
Authors: SHEIKH RAGAA EL , ATWA MOHAMMED ABDULLAH , ABDULLAH AMIRA ATEF , ELFETOUH GOUDA ANDAYMAN ABOU
Published: February 2020

Objective: Green, easy, and sensitive vortex-assisted ionic liquid-based dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction technique (VA-IL-DLLME) was developed to preconcentrate and determine trace quantities of cadmium (Cd2+) ions from real food samples, before detection by flame atomic absorption spectrometry.

Methods: The proposed technique base on the utilization of IL (1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium tris(pentafluoroethyl)trifluorophosphate) as an extraction solvent for Cd2+ ions after the complexation with 2-(2’-benzothiazolylazo) chromotropic acid at pH 8.0. The impact of different analytical parameters on microextraction efficiency was investigated. The validation of the proposed procedure was verified by the test of certified reference material (SRM spinach leaves 1570A) applying the standard addition method.

Results: In the range of 1.0–300 μg/L, the calibration graph was linear. Limit of detection, preconcentration factor and the relative standard deviation (RSD%, 25, 150, and 250 μg/L, n=5) were 0.2 μg/L, 100, and 2.0–3.2%, respectively.

Conclusion: Green, VA-IL-DLLME method was developed and applied to preconcentrate and determine of trace quantities of Cd2+ in real food samples with satisfactory results. The obtained recovery values showed good agreement with the certified values.
GLYCATED LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN IN DIABETIC AND NON-DIABETIC PATIENTS
Authors: AL-ANI OMAR ABDULWAHID , AL-BAZZAZ ABDURRAHMAN
Published: February 2020

Objective: The importance of measuring the blood level of modified low-density lipoprotein (LDL) molecules is an effective method of identifying people at risk of coronary atherosclerosis; this is because, in the early stages of atherosclerosis, lipolysis and oxidative modification have a role in promoting the uptake of these lipids through macrophages; therefore, this research aims to measure the level of glycated LDL (Gly-LDL) in the blood and its association with metabolic parameters of diabetic patients (diabetes mellitus) and non-diabetic (hyperlipidemia).

Methods: At a University Diabetes Center in Riyadh, we using routine automatic analysis methods, fasting serum samples were analyzed for 31 patients with Type-2 diabetes and 31 non-diabetic patients for LDL, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), total cholesterol, glycated hemoglobin, glucose, and triglycerides (TG), and using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to analyze Gly-LDL for the same sample.

Results: The level of serum Gly-LDL in non-diabetic was higher than in diabetic patients (p=0.037). Gly-LDL level correlated significantly with LDL in the diabetic group (p=0.035) and was insignificant with other parameters; moreover, it is significantly correlated with HDL (p=0.048), TG (p=0.035), and very LDL (p=0.03) in the non-diabetic group and insignificant with other parameters.

Conclusion: Measuring rates of Gly-LDL can be used in the early detection of cardiovascular disease, especially in people with diabetes, as they are more susceptible to modified and oxidized LDL.
EXAMINATION OF IN VITRO WOUND HEALING ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF EXTRACT OF SELECTED MEDICINAL PLANTS
Authors: T CHANDUKISHORE , D SAMSKRATHI , TL SRUJANA
Published: February 2020

Objective: The objective of this study was to discover and examine the in vitro wound healing activity of selected medicinal plants against common wound infecting microorganisms.

Methods: Ziziphus rugosa and Hemidesmus indicus plant parts were used for aqueous and solvent extract preparation, maceration technique was followed. In vitro antibiotic test has been done using disc diffusion method.

Results: Maximum yield for aqueous extract was observed in Z. rugosa bark sample (50.6%) and minimum yield was noted in H. indicus leaf extract in (45.7%) and maximum yield in solvent extract was observed in methanol extract of Z. rugosa (37.5%) whereas minimum yield was observed in of acetone extract of leaves of Z. rugosa (25%). For all sample extracts tested, leaf extract of acetone and methanol extract of Z. rugosa and H. indicus showed the highest antibiotic zone of inhibition of 15 mm and 12 mm, whereas lowest zone of inhibition was observed in aqueous bark extract of Z. rugosa (7 mm).

Conclusion: Crude aqueous and solvent extract of selected plant were showed that promising results have a wound healing aid, efficacy of which could be further improved by studying and practicing more advanced extraction procedure for future prospectus.
SYNTHESIS, MOLLUSCICIDALAND ANTIMICROBIAL POTENTIALITIES OF IRON TRIAD MONONUCLEAR METAL COMPLEXES INCORPORATING TRIDENTATE ASYMMETRICAL SCHIFF BASE LIGANDS CONTAINING SOFT SULFUR COORDINATING ATOM
Authors: M ALOSAIMI AMAL , EL MANNOUBI INES , A ZABIN SAMI
Published: February 2020

Objective: This work aimed at synthesizing tridentates asymmetrical Schiff base ligands containing sulfur atom and using them for preparing metal complexes with the iron triad metals. The prepared compounds were assayed in vitro for antimicrobial potential and in vivo molluscicidal activity.

Methods: The unsymmetrical tridentate Schiff bases (SL1, SL2, and SL3) were prepared using 2-aminothiophenol as primary amine and condensed with 2-carboxybenzaldehyde, 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde, and 7-formyl-8-hydroxyquinoline. These ligands were used in preparing metal complexes with iron triad metals. The synthesized Schiff base ligands and their corresponding metal complexes were characterized and their proposed structures were confirmed using different physical and spectroscopic analytical techniques. All ligands and their corresponding metal complexes were assayed against different bacterial and fungal strains using the agar disk-diffusion technique. The molluscicidal activity was performed according to the standard reported methods as cited in the literature and by observing the toxicity and lethal dose according to the WHO guidelines.

Results: The synthesized ligands behave as tridentate (NOS) ligands and form mononuclear complexes with the general formula [M(SL)2] with an octahedral geometry around the central metal ion. Metal complexes were non-electrolytic in nature. The in vitro antibacterial and antifungal examination results showed weak activity of the ligands, and there was enhanced activity with the complexes. The in vivo molluscicidal activity of the tested compounds showed good activity.

Conclusion: The targeted compounds were prepared successfully, characterized, and showed some biological activity but lower than the standard reference drugs.
Analisis Nilai Tambah Melinjo pada Sentra Industri Emping di Desa Bandar Kecamatan Sukomoro Kabupaten Magetan
Authors: Adityaningrum Eka , Marwanti Sri , Rahayu Wiwit
Published: February 2020

Agricultural commodities are generally produced as raw materials and are easily damaged, so they need to be directly consumed or processed first. The processing can increase the added value of agricultural products. The purpose of this study was to determine the cost, revenue, profit, efficiency, and value added of melinjo chips industry in Industrial Center at  Bandar Village Sukomoro District Magetan Regency. The basic method of research used is descriptive analytical method. The determination of the sample area is purpossive which is Bandar Village Sukomoro District Magetan Regency because those village is the center of the melinjo chips industry in Magetan Regency. The respondents are found and gathered by using the proportional method and the respondents are found gathered simple random sampling method. The result of this research shows that total average cost spent by those industrialists in Bandar village is Rp5.816.109,00 per month. The average revenue for each of them is Rp7.826.667,00  per month and the profit is Rp2.010.492,00 per month. The running of melinjo chips industries is efficient. It can be known by efficiency value (R/C ratio) 1,42. The business of melinjo chips in Bandar Village, Sukomoro District, Magetan Regency provides added value of Rp. 8,645.00 / kg
A mídia como ator político: as manifestações brasileiras de 2013 e 2015 na folha de S.Paulo
Authors: Longhi Carla Reis , Lucarelli Talita
Published: February 2020

Neste artigo, pretende-se analisar as publicações realizadas pela Folha de S.Paulo a respeito das Manifestações de Junho de 2013 no período entre 06 e 07 de junho de 2013 e das Manifestações pró impeachment de 2015 entre os dias 15 e 16 de março de 2015. A Análise de Conteúdo categorial será utilizada como suporte metodológico, visando perceber as similitudes e afastamentos do enquadramento dado pelo veículo aos eventos.
Estudio de la Relación Entre el Liderazgo Organizacional y la Gestión de una Empresa Educativa Peruana
Authors: Valderrama Pérez Walter
Published: February 2020

El estudio responde a un diseño no experimental de tipo transversal. Se ha tomado en cuenta las opiniones de los maestrantes de los Programas de Maestría de una empresa educativa a través de dos cuestionarios. La muestra fue de 280 maestrantes de los diferentes programas que ofrece la empresa educativa. Se concluyó que el liderazgo organizacional se relaciona de manera directa y moderadamente significativa (R=0.419) con la gestión de la organización.
Estado del arte de las relaciones comunitarias. Una revisión teórica.
Authors: Díaz Zelada Yvan
Published: February 2020

La principal actividad en la economía peruana es la minería ya que esta genera valor agregado y aporta más del 10% al producto bruto interno, genera mayores divisas, aporta en gran medida al ingreso fiscal por la recaudación de impuestos, genera empleo directo e indirecto a miles de peruanos, mejora permanentemente el crecimiento del potencial de la actividad económica y sobre todo, atrae inversiones. Pero  antes  que  la  actividad  minera produzca  estos  beneficios  a  la  economía del país, los proyectos mineros deben cumplir un una serie de pre requisitos, o factibilidades, que les otorga el derecho de operar  y  dejar  de  ser  proyectos  y convertirse en obras. En este sentido, las comunidades donde operarán estos proyectos, deberán sentarse a dialogar con los inversionistas mineros y llegar a un acuerdo  mutuo  que  les  permita  coexistir con las operaciones mineras. Este proceso último ha traído consigo confrontaciones  entre  los  pobladores  de las comunidades, las fuerzas del orden y los representantes de las empresas mineras, llegando en muchas ocasiones a pérdidas de vidas humanas. En tal sentido, las relaciones comunitarias, son la base de las negociaciones entre las comunidades y empresariado que deben ser tratadas de manera estratégica, ética y pensada en el beneficio de ambas partes. El presente artículo de revisión analiza la bibliografía de los avances realizados por diferentes autores y hace una comparación con el objetivo de buscar una mejor alternativa  que  dé  solución  estratégica  a los conflictos mineros.