bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multiple Myeloma-Associated Light Chain Amyloidosis and a Proposed Approach to Monoclonal Immunoglobulin-Associated Renal Disease
Authors: Chang Zi Yun , Thamboo Thomas Paulraj , Choong Clarice Shi Hui , Wong Weng Kin , Ngoh Clara Lee Ying
Published: September 2020

Many challenges remain in diagnosing monoclonal immunoglobulin-associated renal disease, despite widespread application of immunofluorescence (IF) and immunohistochemistry. Here, we report a newly diagnosed case of multiple myeloma with clinical suspicion of renal amyloidosis, which had negative IF staining for kappa and lambda light chains in the glomeruli. Although laser microdissection and mass spectrometry-based proteomic analysis have emerged as important tools for amyloid typing in the literature, such facilities are still not widely available in Asia. We propose that a clinicopathological algorithm for the evaluation of organized monoclonal renal deposits, together with a combined nephrological-haematological approach, will still be adequate to generate an unequivocal diagnosis in the majority of cases.
Effects of a Psychoeducational Program on Caregivers of Patients with Dementia
Authors: Damien Charlotte , Elands Sophie , Van Den Berge Delphine , Bier Jean-Christophe
Published: September 2020

Background: The number of demented patients has increased significantly in recent years. The many challenges that dementia causes increase the stress of their caregivers and lead to shortening the time to institutionalization compared to the general population. A psychoeducational program for these accompanying persons was set up in Brussels. This type of program resulted in a 557-day delay in institutionalization in New York City. The objective of our study was to check whether our program also has such an impact, but also to see its potential effect on the psychobehavioral disorders of patients and the burden of caregivers. Methods: We recruited two groups without randomization: psychoeducated caregivers and caregivers interested in the program and contacted regularly (every 6 months) without having participated. They were all contacted by telephone and responded to the NCPI and Zarit Burden Scale (ZBS) questionnaires. Results: We could not demonstrate any significant impact, either on the institutionalization delay (p = 0.960), on the frequency of psychobehavioral disorders in demented patients (p > 0.05), or on the burden of caregivers (p = 0.403). However, the survival rate among the demented patients with psychoeducated caregivers was significantly higher than that among the demented patients with nonpsychoeducated caregivers (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Our small-sample, nonrandomized study did not reveal any differences in institutionalization delay, caregiver burden, or perception of psychobehavioral disorders related to our psychoeducational program. A new study should be carried out on the impact of psychoeducation on the survival of demented patients, in view of our preliminary analyses.
Decision-Making Analysis for Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy in Ovarian Cancer: A Survey by the Executive Committee of the Peritoneal Surface Oncology Group International (PSOGI)
Authors: Steffen Thomas , Häller Lukas , Bijelic Lana , Glatzer Markus , Glehen Olivier , Goéré Diane , de Hingh Ignace , Li Yan , Moran Brendan J. , Morris David L. , Piso Pompiliu , Quadros Claudio A. , Rau Beate , Sugarbaker Paul , Yonemura Yutaka , Putora Paul M.
Published: September 2020

Objectives: To assess the individual treatment strategies among international experts in peritoneal carcinosis, specifically their decision-making in the process of patient selection for hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) in women suffering from ovarian cancer, to identify relevant decision-making criteria, and to quantify the level of consensus for or against HIPEC. Methods: The members of the executive committee of the Peritoneal Surface Oncology Group International (PSOGI) were asked to describe the clinical conditions under which they would recommend HIPEC in patients with ovarian cancer and to describe any disease or patient characteristics relevant to their decision. All answers were then merged and converted into decision trees. The decision trees were then analyzed by applying the objective consensus methodology. Results: Nine experts in surgical oncology provided information on their multidisciplinary treatment strategy including HIPEC for patients with advanced ovarian cancer. Three of the total of 12 experts did not perform HIPEC. Five criteria relevant to the decision on whether HIPEC is performed were applied. In patients with resectable disease, a peritoneal cancer index (PCI) <21, and epithelial ovarian cancer without distant metastasis, consent was received by 75% to perform HIPEC for women suffering from recurrent disease. Furthermore, in the primary disease setting, consent was received by 67% to perform HIPEC according to the same criteria. Discussion and Conclusion: Among surgical oncology experts in peritoneal surface malignancy and HIPEC, HIPEC plays an important role in primary and recurrent ovarian cancer, and the PCI is the most important criterion in this decision.
High Bone Mineral Density Osteogenesis Imperfecta in a Family with a Novel Pathogenic Variant in COL1A2
Authors: Graves Lara E. , Wall Christie-Lee , Briody Julie N. , Bennetts Bruce , Wong Karen , Onikul Ella , Biggin Andrew , Munns Craig F.
Published: September 2020

Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a heterogenous group of heritable bone dysplasias characterized by bone fragility, typically low bone mass, joint laxity, easy bruising, and variable short stature. Classical OI is caused by autosomal dominant pathogenic variants in COL1A1 or COL1A2 that result in either reduced production of normal type 1 collagen or structurally abnormal collagen molecules. Pathogenic variants in these genes generally result in low bone mass. Here, we report a family that had 2 affected individuals who presented with minimal trauma fractures and were found to have elevated bone mineral density (BMD) and a previously unreported variant in COL1A2 c.3356C>T p.(Ala1119Val). We report the change in BMD using dual-energy X-ray and peripheral quantitative computed tomography over a 2.3-year period in the proband. This case report highlights the importance of BMD studies and genetic testing in the diagnostic process for brittle bone disorders.
Uso de estratégias cognitivas diante de queixas subjetivas de memória em idosos saudáveis
Authors: Firmino Rafael Gomes , Lins Isabela Lemos Arteiro Ribeiro , Calvo Bernardino Fernandes
Published: September 2020

Queixas Subjetivas de Memória (QSM) tem sido alvo de pesquisas, sendo apontadas como corriqueiras no cotidiano de pessoas idosas. O presente estudo teve por objetivo verificar se há correlação entre as Queixas Subjetivas de Memória evidenciadas pelo Questionário de Memória Prospectiva e Retrospectiva (QMPR) e as variáveis: Escolaridade (E), Reserva Cognitiva (RC), Funcionalidade (FAQ) e o uso de Estratégias (MMQ). Trata-se de um estudo correlacional, de abordagem quantitativa com delineamento “ex post facto”. A amostra foi composta por 64 idosos, tendo idade média de 69 anos (DP= 6,45), sendo estes recrutados em espaços de convivência situados nas cidades de João Pessoa e Guarabira, por meio da divulgação de folders e via redes sociais. As coletas foram realizadas nos seguintes locais: Centro de Convivência da Pessoa Idosa (CCI), no bairro Castelo Branco-JP; Centro de Vivência da Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB); Grupo dehidroginástica para terceira idade, salas de aula do departamento de Terapia Ocupacional da UFPB; e no domicílio dos entrevistados, a partir do interesse e dificuldades de deslocamento. Aplicou-se o uso de instrumentos padronizados para avaliação das funções cognitivas, da funcionalidade, das queixas de memória e do uso de estratégias, além do perfil sociodemográfico. Os resultados indicaram correlação positiva entre as variáveis: Escolaridade (E), Reserva cognitiva (RC), Funcionalidade (FAQ) e Queixas de Memória Prospectiva e Retrospectiva (QMPR) com o uso de estratégias de memória (MMQ). Contudo, faz-se necessário destacar a presença evidente de QSM nos idosos, bem como a significativa correlação entre estas e o uso de estratégias cognitivas, sendo as queixas de memória prospectivas mais predominantes que as queixas retrospectivas. Concluímos que idosos que apresentam maior uso de estratégias na vida diária tendem a melhor perceber os relatos de suas queixas. Sugere-se que maiores pesquisas sobre a temática invistam em intervenções para o treino do uso de estratégias de memória em idosos cognitivamente saudáveis que relatem QSM na vida diária, para um melhor bem-estar e qualidade de vida.
Confiabilidade e Validade do World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule para Pessoas com Obesidade Mórbida
Authors: Borges Kátia Ariana , Andrade Luana Foroni , Chagas Leidiane Mota de Oliveira , Borges Maria De Fátima , Castro Shamyr Sulyvan de
Published: September 2020

Objetivo: Realizar o estudo da confiabilidade e validade do World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS 2.0) para aferição da funcionalidade em pessoas com obesidade mórbida. Procedimentos metodológicos: Estudo metodológico, com 60 adultos entre 18 e 59 anos de idade, diagnosticados com obesidade mórbida. Os instrumentos utilizados foram: Entrevista Inicial, versão de 36 itens do WHODAS 2.0, Escala Curta de Qualidade de Vida (WHOQOL – BREF), Teste de Caminhada de Seis Minutos (TC6’) e a Lista de identificação de Papéis Ocupacionais. Resultados: A idade média foi de 41,25 anos. Os testes psicométricos mostraram consistência interna com alfa de Cronbach total de 0,93. O teste re-teste apresentou boa e excelente confiabilidade com Coeficiente de Correlação Intraclasse variando de 0,67 a 0,81. Já a validade de critério convergente e divergente, obteve correlação moderada com a maioria dos domínios do WHOQOL–BREF, relação divergente entre o WHODAS 2.0 e o TC6’ e correlação forte entre o domínio Atividades Escolares e de Trabalho do WHODAS 2.0 com o papel de Trabalhador da Lista de identificação de Papéis Ocupacionais. Conclusão: O Estudo evidenciou que o WHODAS 2.0 apresenta propriedades psicométricas adequadas para o uso em pessoas com obesidade mórbida.
Permanent His Bundle Pacing Implantation Facilitated by Visualization of the Tricuspid Valve Annulus
Authors: Gu Min , Niu Hongxia , Hu Yiran , Liu Xi , Zhang Nixiao , Cai Minsi , Chen Xuhua , Zhou Xiaohong , Gold Michael R. , Hua Wei , Zhang Shu
Published: September 2020

Background:

His bundle pacing (HBP) is the most physiological pacing modality. However, HBP has longer procedure times with frequent high capture thresholds, which likely contributes to the low adoption of this approach. The aim of this study is to compare HBP implantation with a novel imaging technique versus the standard implantation technique.

Methods:

This study included 50 patients with standard pacing indications randomized to HBP with visualization of the tricuspid valve annulus (N=25, the visualization group) or with the standard method (N=25, the control group). In the visualization group, the tricuspid valve annulus was imaged by contrast injection in the right ventricle during fluoroscopy. The site for HBP was identified in relationship to the tricuspid septal leaflet and interventricular septum.

Results:

Permanent HBP was successful in 92% in the visualization group and 88% in the control group. The fluoroscopic time for HBP lead placement was significantly shorter in the visualization group (7.1±3.3 minutes) compared with the control group (10.1±5.6 minutes,
P
=0.03). Total procedural and fluoroscopic times were also significantly shorter in the visualization group (91.0±15.7 and 9.6±3.8 minutes) than the control group (104.4±17.8 and 12.7±6.2 minutes,
P
=0.01 and 0.04, respectively). There was no significant difference in capture threshold between groups. In the visualization group, there was a quantitative association between the HBP site and the tricuspid valve annulus.

Conclusions:

The visualization technique shortens the procedural and fluoroscopic times for HBP implantation. Moreover, anatomic localization of HBP sites is strongly associated with physiological characteristics of pacing, which can help guide optimal lead placement.

Registration:

URL:
https://www.chictr.org.cn/index.aspx
. Unique identifier: ChiCTR2000029834.
Long-Lasting Ventricular Fibrillation in Humans ECG Characteristics and Effect of Radiofrequency Ablation
Authors: Maury Philippe , Duchateau Josselin , Rollin Anne , Hocini Meleze , Voglimacci-Stephanopoli Quentin , Monteil Benjamin , Sacher Frederic , Jaïs Pierre , Bernus Olivier , Mondoly Pierre , Delmas Clément , Haïssaguerre Michel , Dubois Rémi
Published: September 2020

Background:

Studies of ventricular fibrillation (VF) in humans are limited because of the short available duration. We sought to study surface ECG waveforms and effect of ablation in long-lasting VF in patients with left assist devices.

Methods:

Continuous 12-lead ECG of 5 episodes of long-lasting VF occurring in 3 patients with left ventricular assist device were analyzed. Spectral analysis (dominant frequency) and quantification of waveform amplitude, regularity (Unbiased Regularity Index), and complexity (Nondipolar Index) were performed over a median of 24 minutes of VF. Radiofrequency ablation was performed during VF in 2 patients.

Results:

There was a significant increase in dominant frequency between VF onset and termination but none of the other parameters significantly changed. Some VF parameters varied from patient to patient and from lead to lead. Dominant frequency decreased after radiofrequency ablation in both cases and VF terminated spontaneously shortly after ablation in one case. The previously incessant VFs in these 2 patients did not recur afterward.

Conclusions:

VF rate increases over time in patients with left ventricular assist devices and is lowered by ablation. Long-lasting VF may be modified or even terminated by ablation.
Long‐Term Clinical Outcomes of Nonhyperemic Pressure Ratios: Resting Full‐Cycle Ratio, Diastolic Pressure Ratio, and Instantaneous Wave‐Free Ratio
Authors: Lee Joo Myung , Lee Seung Hun , Hwang Doyeon , Rhee Tae-Min , Choi Ki Hong , Kim Jinseob , Park Jinhyoung , Kim Hyung Yoon , Jung Hae Won , Cho Yun-Kyeong , Yoon Hyuck-Jun , Song Young Bin , Hahn Joo-Yong , Nam Chang-Wook , Shin Eun-Seok , Doh Joon-Hyung , Hur Seung-Ho , Koo Bon-Kwon
Published: September 2020

Background

Nonhyperemic pressure ratios (NHPRs) such as instantaneous wave‐free ratio, resting full‐cycle ratio, or diastolic pressure ratio have emerged as invasive physiologic indices precluding the need for hyperemic agents. The current study sought to evaluate the long‐term prognostic implications of NHPRs compared with fractional flow reserve (FFR).

Methods and Results

NHPRs were calculated from resting pressure tracings by an independent core laboratory in 1024 vessels (435 patients). The association between NHPRs and the risk of 5‐year vessel‐oriented composite outcomes (VOCO, a composite of cardiac death, vessel‐related myocardial infarction, and ischemia‐driven revascularization) were analyzed among 864 deferred vessels. Lesions with positive NHPRs (instantaneous wave free ratio, resting full‐cycle ratio, and diastolic pressure ratio ≤0.89) or FFR (≤0.80) showed significantly higher risk of VOCO at 5 years than those with negative NHPRs or FFR, respectively. Discriminant ability for 5‐year VOCO was not different among NHPRs and FFR (C‐index: 0.623–0.641,
P
for comparison=0.215). In comparison of VOCO among the groups with deferred concordant negative (NHPRs−/FFR−), deferred discordant (NHPRs+/FFR− or NHPRs−/FFR+), and revascularized vessels, the cumulative incidence of VOCO were 7.5%, 14.4%, and 14.8% (log‐rank
P
<0.001), respectively. The deferred discordant group showed similar risk of VOCO with the revascularized vessel group (hazard ratio, 0.981; 95% CI 0.434–2.217,
P
=0.964).

Conclusions

Currently available invasive pressure‐derived indices showed similar prognostic implications for vessel‐related events at 5 years. Deferred lesions with discordant results between NHPRs and FFR did not show higher risk of vessel‐related events at 5 years than revascularized vessels.

Registration

URL:
https://www.clini​caltr​ials.gov
; Unique identifiers: NCT01621438, NCT01621438.
Sex and Genetic Background Effects on the Outcome of Experimental Intracranial Aneurysms
Authors: Yanagisawa Takeshi , Zhang Hua , Suzuki Tomoaki , Kamio Yoshinobu , Takizawa Tsubasa , Morais Andreia , Chung David Y. , Qin Tao , Murayama Yuichi , Faber James E. , Patel Aman B. , Ayata Cenk
Published: September 2020

Background and Purpose:

Intracranial aneurysm formation and rupture risk are, in part, determined by genetic factors and sex. To examine their role, we compared 3 mouse strains commonly used in cerebrovascular studies in a model of intracranial aneurysm formation and rupture.

Methods:

Intracranial aneurysms were induced in male CD1 (Crl:CD1[ICR]), male and female C57 (C57BL/6NCrl), and male 129Sv (129S2/SvPasCrl or 129S1/SvImJ) mice by stereotaxic injection of elastase at the skull base, combined with systemic deoxycorticosterone acetate–salt hypertension. Neurological deficits and mortality were recorded. Aneurysms and subarachnoid hemorrhage grades were quantified postmortem, either after spontaneous mortality or at 7 to 21 days if the animals survived. In separate cohorts, we examined proinflammatory mediators by quantitative reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction, arterial blood pressure via the femoral artery, and the circle of Willis by intravascular latex casting.

Results:

We found striking differences in aneurysm formation, rupture, and postrupture survival rates among the groups. 129Sv mice showed the highest rates of aneurysm rupture (80%), followed by C57 female (36%), C57 male (27%), and CD1 (21%). The risk of aneurysm rupture and the presence of unruptured aneurysms significantly differed among all 3 strains, as well as between male and female C57. The same hierarchy was observed upon Kaplan-Meier analysis of both overall survival and deficit-free survival. Subarachnoid hemorrhage grades were also more severe in 129Sv. CD1 mice showed the highest resistance to aneurysm rupture and the mildest outcomes. Higher mean blood pressures and the major phenotypic difference in the circle of Willis anatomy in 129Sv provided an explanation for the higher incidence of and more severe aneurysm ruptures. TNFα (tumor necrosis factor-alpha), IL-1β (interleukin-1-beta), and CCL2 (chemokine C-C motif ligand 2) expressions did not differ among the groups.

Conclusions:

The outcome of elastase-induced intracranial aneurysm formation and rupture in mice depends on genetic background and shows sexual dimorphism.
Cardiovascular Health and Stroke in Older British Men
Authors: Ahmed Ayesha , Pinto Pereira Snehal M. , Lennon Lucy , Papacosta Olia , Whincup Peter , Wannamethee Goya
Published: September 2020

Background and Purpose:

Research exploring the utility of cardiovascular health (CVH) and its Life’s Simple 7 (LS7) components (body mass index, blood pressure [BP], glucose, cholesterol, physical activity, smoking, and diet) for prevention of stroke in older adults is limited. In the British Regional Heart Study, we explored (1) prospective associations of LS7 metrics and composite CVH scores with, and their impact on, stroke in middle and older age; and (2) if change in CVH was associated with subsequent stroke.

Methods:

Men without cardiovascular disease were followed from baseline recruitment (1978–1980), and again from re-examination 20 years later, for stroke over a median period of 20 years and 16 years, respectively. LS7 were measured at each time point except baseline diet. Cox models estimated hazard ratios (95% CI) of stroke for (1) ideal and intermediate versus poor levels of LS7; (2) composite CVH scores; and (3) 4 CVH trajectory groups (low-low, low-high, high-low, high-high) derived by dichotomising CVH scores from each time point across the median value. Population attributable fractions measured impact of LS7.

Results:

At baseline (n=7274, mean age 50 years), healthier levels of BP, physical activity, and smoking were associated with reduced stroke risk. At 20-year follow-up (n=3798, mean age 69 years) only BP displayed an association. Hazard ratios for intermediate and ideal (versus poor) levels of BP 0.65 (0.52–0.81) and 0.40 (0.24–0.65) at baseline; and 0.84 (0.67–1.05) and 0.57 (0.36–0.90) at 20-year follow-up. With reference to low-low trajectory, the low-high trajectory was associated with 40% reduced risk, hazard ratio 0.60 (0.44–0.83). Associations of CVH scores weakened, and population attributable fractions of LS7 reduced, from middle to old age; population attributable fraction of nonideal BP from 53% to 39%.

Conclusions:

Except for BP, CVH is weakly associated with stroke at older ages. Prevention strategies for older adults should prioritize BP control but also enhance focus beyond traditional risk factors.
Does the All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce Align Private Firms with the Goals of the People's Republic of China's Belt and Road Initiative?
Authors: Nugent Jeffrey B. , Lu Jiaxuan
Published: September 2020

This paper demonstrates that the largest business association of private firms in the People's Republic of China (PRC), the All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce (ACFIC), has induced its members to help achieve the goals of the PRC's extremely ambitious but risky Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) since its inauguration in 2013. Through its newspaper, the ACFIC has drawn the attention of its member firms to countries participating in the BRI, which has led to increased trade between provinces in the PRC and BRI-participating countries emphasized by the ACFIC's newspaper. The results show that the PRC's exports have been encouraged substantially more than its imports, which could be a cause for concern for the sustainability of the BRI. The results were obtained through various specially designed versions of the gravity model and have shown to be robust to the use of various methods for mitigating possible estimation biases.
Analyzing the Sources of Misallocation in Indian Manufacturing: A Gross-Output Approach
Authors: Kabiraj Sujana
Published: September 2020

It is well established that misallocation of factor resources lowers productivity. In this paper, I use data from both formal and informal firms to study distortions in input and output markets as sources of misallocation in the Indian manufacturing sector. My work extends the seminal work of Hsieh and Klenow (2009). I consider output, capital, raw material, energy, and service sector distortions in a monopolistically competitive framework to measure the aggregate dispersion in total factor revenue productivity (TFPR). I also decompose the variance in TFPR and show that raw material and output distortions play a major role in defining aggregate misallocation.
Trade Volatility in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations Plus Three: Impacts and Determinants
Authors: Nguyen Thi Nguyet Anh , Pham Thi Hong Hanh , Vallée Thomas
Published: September 2020

This paper investigates trade volatility in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations Plus Three (ASEAN+3) and its links with output volatility, export diversification, and free trade agreements. To achieve this research objective, we apply several econometric estimators to data from all ASEAN+3 member states over the period 1990–2016. We first find evidence of a positive relationship between output volatility and trade volatility. Second, we reveal that the way export diversification is measured can influence its impacts on bilateral export volatility. Moreover, the relationship between income volatility, trade volatility, and export diversification seems to depend on country size and the level of economic development.
A new species of the genus Coulteria (Leguminosae) in the Tehuacan-Cuicatlan Valley, Mexico

Authors: TORRES-COLÍN RAFAEL , SAYNES-VÁSQUEZ ALFREDO
Published: September 2020

A taxonomic review of Coulteria (Leguminosae) species present in the flora of Tehuacan-Cuicatlan Valley was carried out as part of the treatment of the subfamily Caesalpinioideae of this area. Coulteria rosalindamedinae is described and illustrated as a new species, it is endemic from the study area, and morphologically related to C. pumila. A comparative table, photographs of C. rosalindamedinae and C. pumila, are presented as well as key for their taxonomic identification.
Begonia sibthorpioides subsp. machinchangensis (Begoniaceae): a new subspecies from Gunung Machinchang, Langkawi Island, Malaysia

Authors: TAN J.P.C. , FATHMATH S.F. , TAM S.M.
Published: September 2020

Begonia sibthorpioides subsp. machinchangensis is a newly described taxon restricted to Gunung Machinchang, Langkawi Island, Malaysia. Based on recent collections of this new subspecies and B. sibthorpioides from its type locality of Gunung Jerai, Kedah, detailed morphological comparison has revealed distinguishing characters between these two sandstone-restricted taxa such as indumentum, stipules, bracts, scale-like hairs on tubers, leaf thickness and impressed venation. Descriptions and illustrations for the new subspecies and the type subspecies are provided, and they are also compared to other species, i.e. B. hymenophylla, B. sinuata and B. thaipingensis. Genetic distance based on analysis of chloroplast ndhF-rpl32 sequences supports the delimitation of B. sibthorpioides into two subspecies, and Bayesian phylogenetic analysis showed monophyly of these three species where B. sinuata and B. thaipingensis formed a clade which is sister to B. sibthorpioides. Provisional conservation status assessment using IUCN Red List Criteria indicates B. sibthorpioides subsp. machinchangensis is Critically Endangered (CR) due to its restriction to particular microhabitat of single locality and the population being threatened by new infrastructure development for tourism.
Tetraploa aquatica (Tetraplosphaeriaceae), a new freshwater fungal species from Yunnan Province, China

Authors: LI WEN-LI , BAO DAN-FENG , BHAT D. JAYARAMA , SU HONG-YAN
Published: September 2020

Asexual morph members of Tetraplosphaeriaceae (Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes) are generally hyphomycetes and usually found as saprobes occurring on various hosts in lentic habitats. Two isolates of a novel species, Tetraploa aquatica sp. nov., was collected from submerged decaying wood in Dulong river and a stream of Gaoligongshan mountain in Yunnan Province, China. The new species is characterized by short-cylindrical conidia, composed of 4-euseptate, short-cylindrical vertical columns which are verrucose at the base and with 4-setose vertical septate appendages. Tetraploa aquatica can be easily distinguished from other Tetraploa species by their columns which are 2–3-septate, aguttulate, vertical, setose appendaged which tend to remain parallel to one another apically. Phylogenetic analyses of combined LSU, ITS and SSU sequence data support its natural placement in Tetraploa. Detailed description and illustrations of this species and comparisons with other morphologically similar taxa in Tetraploa are provided.
A revision of the Anthaxia (Haplanthaxia) dispar Kerremans species-group (Coleoptera: Buprestidae: Anthaxiini)
Authors: BÍLÝ SVATOPLUK
Published: September 2020

The taxonomic revision of the Anthaxia (Haplanthaxia) dispar Kerremans, 1898 species-group. Definition of the species-group and descriptions of three new species: Anthaxia (Haplanthaxia) aethiopica sp. nov. (Ethiopia), A. (H.) caerulea sp. nov. (Democratic Republic of the Congo) and A. (H.) occidentalis sp. nov. (Benin, Burkina Faso, Ivory Coast, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Togo). New species are described, illustrated and compared with other species of the species-group. Anthaxia (H.) komareki Obenberger, 1931 is removed from the synonymy of A. (H.) pilifrons Kerremans, 1898 and it is treated as a separate species. New synonymy is suggested: A. (H.) dispar Kerremans, 1898 = A. (H.) hyperlasia Obenberger, 1928, syn. nov. All species are keyed and the questionable taxonomic position of A. (H.) vulpes Théry, 1930 is briefly discussed.
Molecular phylogeny of Asian pipesnakes, genus Cylindrophis Wagler, 1828 (Squamata: Cylindrophiidae), with the description of a new species from Myanmar
Authors: BERNSTEIN JUSTIN M. , BAUER AARON M. , MCGUIRE JIMMY A. , ARIDA EVY , KAISER HINRICH , KIECKBUSCH MAX , MECKE SVEN
Published: September 2020

Cylindrophis is a genus of secretive, semi-fossorial, non-venomous snakes comprising 14 species, characterized by a generally cylindrical body, uniform scales (with barely enlarged ventrals), and vestiges of pelvic and limb bones, the latter terminating in a claw lateral to the vent. We reconstructed a concatenated molecular phylogeny of seven taxa of Cylindrophis taxa based on one nuclear (R35) and two mitochondrial (16S, ND2) genes. Analyses recovered the Sri Lankan endemic C. maculatus as sister to all other sampled Cylindrophis. The mainland Southeast Asian species C. burmanus and C. jodiae form successive sister lineages to a monophyletic Wallacean island group containing C. boulengeri, C. isolepis, and C. yamdena. We also describe a new species of Cylindrophis, morphologically similar to C. burmanus, from Kachin State in northern Myanmar. Cylindrophis slowinskii sp. nov. is distinguished from all congeners by the following combination of characters: 19 dorsal scale rows at midbody, 216–220 ventrals, eight subcaudals, a dark venter with > 60 very narrow diffuse pale blotches, and a pale bar running along the posterior border of the prefrontals. In our phylogeny, the new species is strongly supported as the sister species of C. burmanus. It is the 15th currently recognised species in the genus, and the fourth from mainland Southeast Asia.
A black sheep in Eresus (Araneae: Eresidae): taxonomic notes on the ladybird spiders of Iran and Turkey, with a new species
Authors: ZAMANI ALIREZA , ALTIN ÇAĞATAY , SZŰTS TAMÁS
Published: September 2020

New taxonomic data are provided on the ladybird spider genus Eresus Walckenaer, 1805 in Turkey and Iran. Eresus adaleari Zamani & Szűts, sp. n. is described as a new species, on the basis of a single male specimen collected in Semnan Province, northeastern Iran, and Eresus lavrosiae Mcheidze, 1997, previously known solely from the original description of the male holotype from Georgia, is re-described on the basis of one newly collected male specimen from Kars Province, eastern Turkey. Both of these species are generally dark-colored, which contrasts with the usual coloration of males of this genus. Finally, a few methods and suggestions that might accelerate and improve taxonomic procedures for studying this group are discussed.
Studies on the genus Ripersiella Tinsley (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Rhizoecidae) in the Neotropical region, with description of a new species
Authors: SZITA ÉVA , BENEDICTY ZSUZSANNA KONCZNÉ , KONDO TAKUMASA , RAMOS-PORTILLA ANDREA AMALIA , KAYDAN MEHMET BORA
Published: September 2020

The Neotropical scale insect genus Ripersiella Tinsley (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Rhizoecidae) was investigated, based on soil samples deposited at the Hungarian Natural History Museum. Description and illustration of a new species, Ripersiella incarum Kaydan & Szita sp. n., and an identification key and new additional locality records for the currently known Ripersiella species in the Neotropical region, are provided and discussed.
Synonymies, transferences and redescriptions in Neotropical Acanthocinini (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae)
Authors: MONNÉ MIGUEL A.
Published: September 2020

A new synonymy is proposed for Anisopodesthes Melzer, 1931 (junior synonym of Lathroeus Thomson, 1864), with the consequent new combination for Lathroeus zikani (Melzer, 1931). The following species are transferred from Nealcidion Monné, 1977 to Lathroeus: L. decoratus (Melzer, 1932), comb. nov. (= Alcidion decoratum); L. interrogationis (Bates, 1863), comb. nov. (= Alcidion interrogationis); and L. simillimus (Melzer, 1932), comb. nov. (= Alcidion simillimum). Moreover, a key for the species of Lathroeus is provided and the unknown female of L. zikani is described for the first time.
Trends in the Surgical Management and Outcomes of Complicated Peptic Ulcer Disease
Authors: Olufajo Olubode A. , Wilson Amanda , Yehayes Bruke , Zeineddin Ahmad , Cornwell Edward E. , Williams Mallory
Published: September 2020

Background

Older data indicate that less patients undergo surgery for complicated peptic ulcer disease (PUD). We evaluated contemporary trends in the surgical management and outcomes of patients with complicated PUD.

Methods

The National Inpatient Sample (2005-2014) was queried for patients with complicated PUD (hemorrhage, perforation, or obstruction). Trend analyses were used to evaluate changes in management and outcomes.

Results

There were 1 570 696 admissions for complicated PUD during the study period. Majority (87.0%) presented with hemorrhage, 10.6% presented with perforation, and 2.4% had an obstruction. The average age was 67 years. Overall, admissions with complicated PUD decreased from 180 054 in 2005 to 150 335 in 2014. The proportion of patients managed operatively decreased from 2.5% to 1.9% in the hemorrhage group, 75.0% to 67.4% in the perforation group, and 26.0% to 20.2% in the obstruction group (all P-trend < .05). Overall, among patients managed operatively, the use of acid-reducing procedures decreased from 25.9% to 13.9%, mortality decreased from 11.9% to 9.4% (both P-trend < .001), while complications remained stable (10.4% to 10.3%, P-trend = .830).

Conclusions

There are fewer admissions with complicated PUD and more patients are treated nonoperatively. Despite subtle improvements, significant proportions of patients still die from complicated PUD indicating the need for improved preoperative optimization and postoperative care among these patients.
Primary Closure Versus T-Tube Drainage Following Laparoscopic Common Bile Duct Exploration in Patients With Previous Biliary Surgery
Authors: Zhen Wan , Xu-Zhen Wang , Nan-Tao Fu , Yong Li , Wei-Dong Xiao , Dong-Hui Zheng
Published: September 2020

Laparoscopic common bile duct exploration (LCBDE) has been recently introduced for management of CBD stone in patients with previous biliary surgery history. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of primary closure in patients with previous biliary surgery history compared to T-tube drainage. Eighty patients with previous biliary surgery history including laparoscopic cholecystectomy, open cholecystectomy, or open common bile duct exploration were enrolled in the retrospective study. The patients were divided into 2 groups according to the methods of choledochotomy closure. Group A: patients with primary closure after LCBDE (n = 51); group B: patients with T-tube drainage after LCBDE (n = 29). Group A exhibited a shorter postoperative hospital stay and lower hospitalization expenses compared to group B. There was no significant difference in conversion rate to open surgery, operating time, intraoperative blood loss, bile leakage rate, overall complication rate, and stone recurrence rate between the 2 groups. Biliary stricture was not observed in the 2 groups during the follow-up period. Primary closure following LCBDE is safe and effective for the management of CBD stones in patients with previous biliary surgery history.
Effects of a High Dose of the Contrast Medium Iodixanol on Renal Function in Patients Following Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Zhao Ning , Chen Zaiyan , Zhou Yinpin , Xu Qiang , Xu Zhonglin , Tong Wuyang , Li Lufeng , Mao Qi , Song Yaoming , Jin Jun , Huang Lan , Azzalini Lorenzo , Zhao Xiaohui
Published: September 2020

Iodixanol is associated with lower rates of contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI). However, the effects of high volumes of iodixanol on renal function after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) have not been fully elucidated. This study evaluates the effects of high-dose (>300 mL) iodixanol on renal function within 72 hours of PCI. We retrospectively reviewed 676 consecutive patients who received high-dose (>300 mL) iodixanol during PCI between October 2015 and December 2017 in 4 centers. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify significant independent predictors for CI-AKI. The incidence of CI-AKI was 3.5% (23/651). In patients administered 300 to 500 mL and >500 mL iodixanol, the incidence of CI-AKI was 3.9% and 1.7%, respectively. In patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 mL/min/1.73 m2, the incidence of CI-AKI was 2.6%. In high-risk and very high-risk patients, stratified by the Mehran risk score, the incidence of CI-AKI was 3.3% and 4.3%, respectively. In patients received high-dose iodixanol (>300 mL), logistic regression analysis demonstrated that female sex, chronic kidney disease, and eGFR were independent risk factors for CI-AKI, but contrast volume was not. The administration of high (300-500 mL) and very high (>500 mL) dose of iodixanol is associated with low rates of CI-AKI.
Considerations in Management of Acute Otitis Media in the COVID-19 Era
Authors: Mohan Suresh , Workman Alan , Barshak Miriam , Welling D. Bradley , Abdul-Aziz Dunia
Published: September 2020

Objectives:

To present the otologic findings of a patient with COVID-19 and complicated acute otitis media, evaluate for the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in middle ear fluid, and assess whether suctioning of middle ear fluid may be aerosol- generating.

Methods:

The case of a man with SARS-CoV-2 infection and complicated acute otitis media with facial paralysis is presented to illustrate unique clinical decisions made in context of the COVID-19 pandemic. A cadaveric temporal bone was used to simulate droplet spread during suctioning of fluorescein-labelled middle ear fluid and visualized with a blue-light filter.

Results:

A 23-year-old male who presented with complicated acute otitis media with facial paralysis was found to have an acute infection with SARS-CoV-2, with positive viral PCR of nasopharyngeal swab, and a negative PCR of the middle ear fluid. He was placed on isolation precautions and treated with myringotomy, topical and systemic antibiotics, and antivirals. Consistent with observations during endonasal suctioning, suctioning of middle ear fluid was not found to be aerosol or droplet generating.

Conclusion:

The case of a patient with active COVID-19 presenting with complicated acute otitis media in whom middle ear fluid was sampled to evaluate the etiology of the infection and the potential middle ear predilection of SARS-CoV-2 is described. This study has implications for the clinical management of patients with both known and unknown SARS-CoV-2 infection who present with ear disease. While middle ear suctioning may not be aerosol-generating, the risk of coughing or prolonged close contact requires heightened precautions during otologic procedures in patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19.
Determinants of Accounts Receivables Financing: India and Other Asian Economies Perspectives
Authors: Marak Zericho R. , Ambarkhane Dilip
Published: September 2020

Globally, factoring services have shown steady growth in facilitating trade finance. The need for such kind of alternative financing became more important particularly after the financial crisis of 2008. Asia witnessed a very high growth in factoring, and it has emerged as the second largest market after Europe. However, factoring in India has not shown significant growth. This study investigates the causes for under-utilisation of factoring in India. Two-step generalised method of moments (GMM) was used to find out the significant variables influencing factoring services and then a comparative analysis of Asian economies was performed based on the significant variables. The results show that manufacturing and allied activities, credit information availability, legal rights for lenders and borrowers and sound enforcement mechanism are crucial in offering conducive environment for factoring. The comparative analysis reveals that China performs well on most of the parameters, whereas India needs to improve on all the parameters, especially the enforcement mechanism. In general, all the Asian countries require improvement in many parameters.
Monetary Policy Disturbance in India: The Relationships Among Money, Output and Prices
Authors: Sharma Apica , Nurudeen Ibrahim
Published: September 2020

The study examines the relationships among money supply, output and prices. Quarterly data were sourced from the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, which spanned from 1996 Q2 to 2019 Q1. Four variables were included in the study: GDP, inflation (Consumer Price Index [CPI]) and two measures of money supply (M1 and M3). The findings of the study reveal that money supply is correlated with India’s output as well as inflation. Johansen’s test of co-integration reveals the existence of a long-term relationship among the variables. Another striking finding of this study is that neither M1 nor M3 could cause output (GDP) in the short run, but both Granger-cause inflation in the short run, which may be attributed to the output growth capacity limit of the country. The monetary policy disturbance in relation to other variables was examined through a structural vector autoregressive (SVAR) model that indicates that the two measures of money supply exert a positive impact on GDP. Similarly, the finding also shows that a monetary policy shock from the two measures of money supply causes a positive and continuous increase in inflation in India. Thus, money supply measure M3 is a potential indicator of movement in India’s output; hence the monetary authority should be mindful of inflation while targeting output expansion through money supply.
The role of ceramic particle loading and the influence of hot extrusion on the tribological behaviour of aluminium alloy-SiCp composites
Authors: Dhanalakshmi S , ShanmugaSundaram K , Tamilarasan TR , Rajendran R
Published: September 2020

Aluminium matrix composites (AMC) are gaining wide popularity in various sectors due to their excellent properties which are synergic. Apart from strength, wear resistance of a material is also an essential criterion for the number of applications. Extensive studies are being carried out on the secondary processing of these materials to enhance the suitability of the AMC for engineering applications. In this study, initially, Al 2014 base alloy and their composites with 5, 10, and 15 wt.% SiCp fabricated by stir casting route were subjected to wear test. Based on the encouraging wear performance, the Al-10 wt.% SiC composite was further subjected to extrusion. Pin-on-disc sliding wear tests on the as-cast & extruded base alloy and the composite samples were carried out at a constant load of 20 N for a total sliding distance of 1000 m with a velocity of 2 m/s. Microhardness and porosity measurements were carried out besides the study of wear performance, such as coefficient of friction and wear by weight loss. The worn surfaces were analyzed both by optical and scanning electron microscopes. The effect of particle addition, extrusion, porosity, and microhardness on the wear performance of the samples was discussed. Among the samples studied, the Al-10 wt.% SiC composite extruded at a ratio of 8:1 is found to have the highest wear resistance.
Introducing Transnational Terrorist Hostage Event (TTHE) Data Set, 1978 to 2018
Authors: Kim Wukki , George Justin , Sandler Todd
Published: September 2020

This paper introduces transnational terrorist hostage event (TTHE) data set from 1978 to 2018. TTHE includes up to 50 variables for each of its 1,974 incidents, based on information in media sources. Four types of hostage incidents—kidnappings, barricade missions, skyjackings, and non-aerial hijackings—are recorded for a global sample. Select key variables include the number of hostages, targets of abductors’ demands, terrorist behavior in negotiations, amount of money ransom demands, other kinds of demands, duration of incident, and the outcome of negotiations. Our hostage data set also indicates location start and end, attack force size, victim numbers, casualties, weapons used, and logistical outcome. TTHE is tied to the International Terrorism: Attributes of Terrorist Events (ITERATE). We display interesting features of hostage incidents over time and an application of TTHE to identify the determinants of logistical and negotiation successes for hostage missions.
Oral Manifestations in Patients with COVID-19: A Living Systematic Review
Authors: Amorim dos Santos J. , Normando A.G.C. , Carvalho da Silva R.L. , Acevedo A.C. , De Luca Canto G. , Sugaya N. , Santos-Silva A.R. , Guerra E.N.S.
Published: September 2020

This living systematic review aims to summarize evidence on the prevalence of oral signs and symptoms in patients with COVID-19. The review was reported per the PRISMA checklist, and the literature search was conducted in 6 databases and in gray literature. Studies published in any language mentioning oral symptoms and signs in patients with COVID-19 were included. The risk of bias was assessed by the Joanna Briggs Institute appraisal tools. The certainty of evidence was evaluated through GRADE assessment. After a 2-step selection, 40 studies were included: 33 cross-sectional and 7 case reports. Overall, 10,228 patients (4,288 males, 5,770 females, and 170 unknown) from 19 countries were assessed. Gustatory impairment was the most common oral manifestation, with a prevalence of 45% (95% CI, 34% to 55%; I2 = 99%). The pooled eligible data for different taste disorders were 38% for dysgeusia and 35% for hypogeusia, while ageusia had a prevalence of 24%. Taste disorders were associated with COVID-19 (odds ratio [OR], 12.68; 95% CI, 6.41 to 25.10; I2 = 63%; P < 0.00001), mild/moderate severity (OR, 2.09; 95% CI, 1.25 to 3.49; I2 = 66%; P = 0.005), and female patients (OR, 1.64; 95% CI, 1.23 to 2.17; I2 = 70%; P = 0.0007). Oral mucosal lesions presented multiple clinical aspects, including white and erythematous plaques, irregular ulcers, small blisters, petechiae, and desquamative gingivitis. Tongue, palate, lips, gingiva, and buccal mucosa were affected. In mild cases, oral mucosal lesions developed before or at the same time as the initial respiratory symptoms; however, in those who required medication and hospitalization, the lesions developed approximately 7 to 24 d after onset symptoms. Therefore, taste disorders may be common symptoms in patients with COVID-19 and should be considered in the scope of the disease’s onset and progression. Oral mucosal lesions are more likely to present as coinfections and secondary manifestations with multiple clinical aspects (PROSPERO CRD42020184468).