bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Use of Electrical Impedance to Identify Intraneural Needle Placement in Human Peripheral Nerves: A Study on Amputated Human Limbs
Authors: Vydyanathan Amaresh , Kosharskyy Boleslav , Nair Singh , Gritsenko Karina , Kim Ryung S. , Wang Dan , Shaparin Naum
Published: June 2016

BACKGROUND:

Even as the use of peripheral nerve blockade in the perioperative setting is increasing, neural injury secondary to accidental intraneural injection remains a significant patient safety concern. Current modalities, including electrical stimulation and ultrasound imaging, still lack consistency and absolute reliability in both the detection and prevention of this complication. The measurement of electrical impedance (EI) could be an easy and valuable additional tool to detect intraneural needle placement. Our objectives in this study were to measure the change in EI with intraneural needle advancement in recently amputated human limbs.

METHODS:

The study was conducted within 45 minutes of amputation. The nerves that were studied were the sciatic nerve in the popliteal fossa in above-knee amputations or the tibial nerve below the calf in below-knee amputations. The amputated limb was placed on a tray and under ultrasound imaging guidance, an insulated peripheral block needle connected to a nerve stimulator was placed extraneurally and subsequently advanced intraneurally. The experiment was repeated on the same nerve after exposure by surgical dissection. The differences in impedance measurements between intraneural and extraneural needle placement were compared.

RESULTS:

In the below-knee amputated extremity (tibial nerve, n = 6) specimens based on the ultrasound methods, mean ± SD for ultrasound-guided intraneural impedance was 10 ± 2 kΩ compared with an extraneural impedance of 6 ± 1.6 kΩ (P = 0.005). The difference between intraneural and extraneural impedance after open dissection was also significant when we repeated the analysis based on the same specimens (P = 0.005). Similarly, in the above-the-knee amputated extremity (sciatic nerve, n = 5) specimens, mean intraneural impedance was 35.2 ± 7.9 kΩ compared with an extraneural impedance of 25.2 ± 5.3 kΩ (P = 0.037). The difference between intraneural and extraneural impedance obtained after open dissection was also significant when we repeated the analysis based on the same specimens (P = 0.0002). The impedance values were consistent and similar to those obtained after open dissection.

CONCLUSIONS:

There is no reliable “gold standard” to predict or prevent intraneural needle placement during peripheral nerve blockade. This small sample-sized study demonstrated that there is a change in EI with intraneural needle advancement. In clinical practice, measurement of the EI in conjunction with nerve stimulation may serve as another tool to use for identifying intraneural needle placement during peripheral nerve blockade.
A transcription factor network controls cell migration and fate decisions in the developing zebrafish pineal complex
Authors: Khuansuwan Sataree , Clanton Joshua A. , Dean Benjamin J. , Patton James G. , Gamse Joshua T.
Published: June 2016

The zebrafish pineal complex consists of four cell types (rod and cone photoreceptors, projection neurons, and parapineal neurons) that are derived from a single pineal complex anlage. After specification, parapineal neurons migrate unilaterally away from the rest of the pineal complex while rods, cones, and projection neurons are non-migratory. The transcription factor Tbx2b is important for both the correct number and migration of parapineal neurons. We find that two additional transcription factors, Flh and Nr2e3, negatively regulate parapineal formation. Flh induces non-migratory neuron fates and limits the extent of parapineal specification, in part by activation of Nr2e3 expression. Tbx2b is positively regulated by Flh, but opposes Flh action during specification of parapineal neurons. Loss of parapineal neuron specification in Tbx2b-deficient embryos can be partially rescued via loss of Nr2e3 or Flh function; however, parapineal migration absolutely requires Tbx2b activity. We conclude that cell specification and migration in the pineal complex are regulated by a network of at least three transcription factors.
Molecular organization of the desmosome as revealed by direct stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy
Authors: Stahley Sara N. , Bartle Emily I. , Atkinson Claire E. , Kowalczyk Andrew P. , Mattheyses Alexa L.
Published: June 2016

Desmosomes are macromolecular junctions responsible for providing strong cell–cell adhesion. Because of their size and molecular complexity, the precise ultrastructural organization of desmosomes is challenging to study. Here, we used direct stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (dSTORM) to resolve individual plaque pairs for inner and outer dense plaque proteins. Analysis methods based on desmosomal mirror symmetry were developed to measure plaque-to-plaque distances and create an integrated map. We quantified the organization of desmoglein 3, plakoglobin and desmoplakin (N-terminal, rod and C-terminal domains) in primary human keratinocytes. Longer desmosome lengths correlated with increasing plaque-to-plaque distance, suggesting that desmoplakin is arranged with its long axis at an angle within the plaque. We next examined whether plaque organization changed in different adhesive states. Plaque-to-plaque distance for the desmoplakin rod and C-terminal domains decreased in PKP-1-mediated hyperadhesive desmosomes, suggesting that protein reorganization correlates with function. Finally, in human epidermis we found a difference in plaque-to-plaque distance for the desmoplakin C-terminal domain, but not the desmoplakin rod domain or plakoglobin, between basal and suprabasal cells. Our data reveal the molecular organization of desmosomes in cultured keratinocytes and skin as defined by dSTORM.
Electrocatalytic Hydrogenation of Toluene Using a Proton Exchange Membrane Reactor
Authors: Takano Ken , Tateno Hiroyuki , Matsumura Yoshimasa , Fukazawa Atsushi , Kashiwagi Tsuneo , Nakabayashi Koji , Nagasawa Kensaku , Mitsushima Shigenori , Atobe Mahito
Published: June 2016

In order to develop an efficient and greener method for organic chemical hydride production in the energy carrier system, the electrocatalytic hydrogenation of toluene to methylcyclohexane was carried out using a proton exchange membrane (PEM) reactor, which generally applied a polymer electrolyte fuel cell and industrial electrolysis technologies. The electrochemical conversion proceeded in high current efficiencies (>90%) under sufficiently mild conditions with various metal-supported catalysts such as Pt/C, Rh/C, Ru/C, and PtRu/C. For example, methylcyclohexane was obtained in 94% current efficiency by the electrochemical hydrogenation of toluene with PtRu/C. Although the current efficiency of the hydrogenation with Pt/C, Rh/C, and Ru/C apparently decreased under high current density conditions due to the side reaction (hydrogen evolution), the hydrogenation with PtRu/C catalysts proceeded in excellent efficiencies even under high current density conditions.
Solid-State E-to-Z Photoisomerization of 4-Dimethylaminoazobenzene Examined by Higher-Order Derivative Spectra
Authors: Ichimura Kunihiro
Published: June 2016

E-to-Z photoisomerization of 4-dimethylaminoazo-benzene (DMAz) in solution and in aqueous dispersion of fine crystals was analyzed by means of higher-order derivatives. UV-induced changes in derivative spectra of DMAz in hexane led to the identification of vibration level transitions (VLTs) of both E- and Z-isomers and to the estimation of conversions of photoisomerization by tracing extrema of VLT sub-peaks of E-isomer. An aqueous dispersion of DMAz crystals prepared by bead-milling exhibits an extraordinarily broad n,π*-band, which is quite different from that in solution. The irradiation of the dispersion with 365 nm light resulted in the decrement of the absorption band due to the solid-state photoisomerization. The corresponding eighth-derivatives showed the distinctive decline of VLT bands assignable to E-isomer to confirm the photoisomerization. The UV-induced decrement of VLT bands was followed by plotting extremum values of the eighth-order derivatives as a function of exposure time. It was proposed that the solid-state photoisomerization of DMAz is comprised of the fast process at the surface layers and the subsequent slow one in the bulk, taking the observation into account that the melting depression of melting transition occurs by the nanodownsizing of the crystals.
Respiratory Symptoms and Infections in Children and Employees at a Water-Damaged Kindergarten
Authors: Rosengård-Bärlund M. , Mussalo-Rauhamaa H. , Isotalo L.
Published: June 2016

Objectives: Several studies have shown an increased risk of infections and respiratory symptoms among people exposed to molds. Here, we report the morbidity of children and staff exposed to several toxic molds at a kindergarten.
Methods: Prevalence of symptoms and the incidence of infections were followed up and compared between children and staff exposed in a day-care center affected by mold and those in a reference day-care center. At both day-care centers, parents (mostly mothers) filled out a questionnaire. Staff members with more severe symptoms were examined at the Clinic for Indoor Air Health Problems of the Skin and Allergy Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital.
Results: Children and staff exposed to mold had more frequent symptoms and illnesses such as hoarseness, bronchitis than the nonexposed reference group. Symptoms in the exposed group were reduced following remedial building work and the avoidance of exposure. In addition, the acute care visits of the children to the local health care center were less frequent after remediation. One of the employees of a water-damaged kindergarten was diagnosed with allergic alveolitis and asthma, one had epipharyngitis, and two had mixed cell inflammation of the eye.
Conclusions: Our study supports the results in which moisture and mold problems have been noted to increase disease rates of children and staff in day-care facilities. The study also suggest that detrimental health effects can be diminished by decreasing or stopping the exposure.
Vegetative and generative growth of groundnut genotypes under biotic environmental stress
Authors: RAHMIANNA AGUSTINA ASRI , YUSNAWAN ERIYANTO
Published: June 2016

Rahmianna AA, Yusnawan E. 2016. Vegetative and generative growth of groundnut genotypes under biotic environmental stress. Biodiversitas 17: 503-509. The decrease in groundnut pod yield is mainly influenced by disease infestation, especially bacterial wilt and foliar diseases. The objectives of this experiment were to determine the response and tolerance of groundnut genotypes to bacterial wilt, leaf spot and rust diseases, and seed infection by Aspergillus flavus. The planting materials were 25 genotypes (11 Indonesian cultivars, 12 lines introduced from ICRISAT, 1 Indonesian promising line, and 1 local cultivar) with various superiorities on diseases resistance. This study was arranged in a randomized completely block design with triplicate. The results indicated that both genotypes from ICRISAT and Indonesia had similar response to leaf spot i.e. ranging from susceptible (score 6-7) to highly susceptible (8-9). The score for rust ranged from moderately resistant to susceptible. The average pod yield was 23.1 g/plant (from 11.9 g to 29.5 g), and 13 and 12 genotypes produced pods higher and lower than the average value, respectively. ICGV 86158 and ICGV 95322 had the highest and lowest seeds as well as pod productivity, respectively. The ICRISAT genotypes were susceptible to Ralstonia solanacearum infection, except for ICGV 86590. Among the Indonesian cultivars, those with Valencia type of growth, relatively had better resistance to bacterial infection. These cultivars were also resistant to rust and A. flavus infection.
The affect of the hashtag: #HandsUpDontShoot and the body in peril
Authors: Hoyt Kate Drazner
Published: June 2016

On 9 August 2014, Michael Brown, a young man of barely 18 years, was killed by Ferguson, Missouri police officer Darren Wilson, which renewed discourse surrounding the occurrences of racial violence in the United States enacted at the hands of police. Brown’s death led to the development of a hashtag movement called #HandsUpDontShoot on Twitter, Facebook and other social media sites, which critiqued the disparate treatment of racial minorities and the excessive use of (often deadly) force by police on black bodies. #HandsUpDontShoot offers an example how the convergence of subjectivities occurs affectively: the hashtag, while making a discursive appeal to consider Michael Brown’s rumoured stance of surrender when he was shot by Wilson, also featured photos of movement participants recreating his pose with their own bodies. Further, the embodied affect of the movement overlapped and entangled with that of offline spaces, where protesters on the ground in Ferguson and other communities began to raise their hands above their head in a desire to not only create an external spectacle of Brown’s victimhood, but to live within the subjectivity of his abject body. Through a media ecology analysis, I argue that the subjectivity of Brown’s body was kept alive through the movement, as the hashtag and associated imagery can be seen as material extensions of Michael Brown’s body and a desire to make sense of Brown’s death through an affective exchange with the body in peril. In this sense, the participants of #HandsUpDontShoot transformed the movement from a space for standing with the victim to a state of standing within the body in peril.
Biomass of karst evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest in central Guizhou province, southwestern China: a comprehensive inventory of a 2 ha plot
Authors: Liu Li-Bin , Wu Yang-Yang , Hu Gang , Zhang Zhong-Hua , Cheng An-Yun , Wang Shi-Jie , Ni Jian
Published: June 2016

The biomass of a secondary evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest was comprehensively inventoried in a permanent 2 ha plot in southwestern China. Biomass models, sub-sampling, soil pit method, and published data were utilized to determine the biomass of all components. Results showed that the total biomass of the forest was 158.1 Mg ha; the total biomass included the major aboveground (137.7 Mg ha) and belowground (20.3 Mg ha) biomass components of vascular plants as well as the minor biomass components of bryophytes (0.078Â Mg ha) and lichens (0.043Â Mg ha). The necromass was 17.6 Mg ha and included woody debris (9.0Â MgÂ ha) and litter (8.6 Mg ha). The spatial pattern of the aboveground biomass was determined by the spatial distribution of dominant trees with large diameter, tall height, and dense wood. The belowground biomass differed in terms of root diameter and decreased with increasing soil depth. The belowground biomass in each soil pit in local habitats was not related to the spatial distribution of woody plants and soil pit depth. The karst forest presented lower biomass compared than the nonkarst forests in the subtropical zone. Biomass carbon in the karst terrains would increase substantially if degraded karst vegetation could be successfully restored to the forest. Comprehensive site-based biomass inventory of karst vegetation will contribute not only to provide data for benchmarking global and regional vegetation and carbon models but also for regional carbon inventory and vegetation restoration.â1â1â1â1â1â1â1â1
An investigation of the effect of knowledge management aspects on organizational performance (case study: sepah bank in Ardebil province)
Authors: Sahebnazar Daryoush , Dadfar Ebrahim
Published: June 2016

The purpose of this study is to investigate knowledge management aspects on organizational performance of Sepah Bank in Ardebil Province. Research population includes all the employees, deputies and managers of Sepah Bank branches in Ardebil Province, which according to the table of Morgan, includes a total number of 169 subjects. Standard questionnaires were used for data collection. Research results showed that knowledge management aspects (knowledge storage, sharing and using) had a positive and significant effect on organizational performance variable and in general 80 percent of variance determines the organizational performance of Sepah Bank in Ardebil.
Basic Income and Time Use Democratization
Authors: Enríquez Corina Rodríguez
Published: June 2016

Time has become a valuable asset within capitalism. “Time is money” is a well known and usually shared principle. As in regard to many other type of assets, the distribution of time is pretty unfair, as well as it is the value consideration of the time allocated for different people to different activities. The distribution of time, as well as what people can or cannot do with their time, is a key issue among feminist debates. The main argument is that time allocation to paid and unpaid work is very different and unfair between genders. Women allocate much more time to unpaid work, and men, on the contrary allocate much more time to paid work. This has a reasonable and direct consequence in terms of income generation. This unequal distribution of time (and work) represents the main obstacle to women’s economic autonomy and to overcome gender income gaps.
Depression and anxiety in people with epilepsy: Why should we identify?
Authors: Park Sung-Pa
Published: June 2016

Introduction. People with epilepsy (PWE) have a higher risk of developing depression and anxiety than people without epilepsy. However, understanding and management of that issue remain under-recognized.

Aim. To emphesize: a) the relationship between depression, anxiety, and epilepsy, and b) to suggest practical strategies for their identification by clinicians.

Methods. The current literatures was reviewed investigating the impact of depression and anxiety in PWE and those examining the validity of simple screening tools for the detection of depression and anxiety.

Review. Approximately one quarter of PWE have been known to be suffered from depression. The frequency of depression and anxiety was closely related to poor seizure control. Depression and anxiety have been reported to have a bidirectional relationship with epilepsy. The higher degree of depression and anxiety was more likely to elicit the suicidal ideation and attempt, adverse events and poor compliance of antiepileptic drugs, poor surgical outcome, and eventually, poor quality of life. Furthermore, depression and anxiety were closely associated with perceived stigma, obsessive-compulsive symptom, aggression, fatigue, and perceived stress.

Conclusions. Clinicians who take care of PWE in a busy clinical setting should identify their psychiatric problems by brief screening tools and treat them instantly to minimize their negative impacts.
Influence of the quality of fuel atomization on the emission of exhaust gases toxic components of combustion engines
Authors: Jankowski Antoni , Kowalski Mirosław
Published: June 2016

The paper contains analysis of the impact on the quality of the fuel spray of droplets on the number and the value of the surface area of the droplets that have a direct impact on the efficiency of the combustion process. It presents a change in the level of toxic exhaust emissions with an increase in the so-called. Sauter Mean Diameter (SMD) of fuel droplets. The presented figures show that the increase in the average droplet diameter SMD in particular causes an increase of toxic exhaust gases emissions, i.e. mainly nitrogen oxides NO, carbon monoxide CO, hydrocarbons HC and Particulate Matter (PM). This tendency is not constant, because it is changing according to changes of the coefficient of equivalence Φ. For example, emissions of nitrogen oxides for the lean mixtures (Φ <1), with an increase in average droplet diameter increases, while now for the rich mixtures (Φ> 1), this trend is significantly changed, i.e. the level of this emission decreases.
Methodological aspects of risk management in road transport
Authors: Szymanek Andrzej
Published: June 2016

Safe functioning of transport systems depends on the effective management of safety, which is “management by objectives”, i.e. the kind of management system. Its basic principle is: “we manage safety” by “risk management”. The need to describe this problem was the main motivation to write an article. A reminder of the central place of road transport on the “map of transport safety researches”- was second motivation to write this article.
The laboratory test rig with miniature jet engine to research aviation fuels combustion process
Authors: Gawron Bartosz , Białecki Tomasz
Published: June 2016

This article presents laboratory test rig with a miniature turbojet engine (MiniJETRig – Miniature Jet Engine Test Rig), that was built in the Air Force Institute of Technology. The test rig has been developed for research and development works aimed at modelling and investigating processes and phenomena occurring in full scale jet engines. In the article construction of a test rig is described, with a brief discussion on the functionality of each of its main components. Additionally examples of measurement results obtained during the realization of the initial tests have been included, presenting the capabilities of the test rig.
Proactive methods – new quality in aircraft flight safety management
Authors: Zieja Mariusz , Smoliński Henryk , Gołda Paweł
Published: June 2016

This article reviews methods that apply in data and information analysis on flight safety and also was made a review of the features and examples of system resources of proactive management of flight safety. It proposes a general methodology for IT support of proactive flight safety management in the form of an algorithm, whose individual elements been described. Was presented an example of the application of the algorithm, selected methods and tools for data analysis and identification of corrective and/or preventive actions, as part of flight safety management and the monitoring of their effectiveness and efficiency through continuous analysis and assessment of data and information from the system, as an element of flight safety management. This article presents a methodological approach to the analysis and assessment of the risks to flight safety with regard to proactive processes
Estimating the system efficiency to ensure aircraft flight safety
Authors: Zieja Mariusz , Smoliński Henryk , Gołda Paweł
Published: June 2016

In the article was presented approach logical - probabilistic to assess the efficiency of the flight safety assurance system of aircraft considering that it is justified by the random nature of the process, which describe the indicators and logic is necessary during qualifying the threats and prevent such threats. Was proposed a method of quantitative estimation of system efficiency based on data and information collected in the information systems exploited in the Air Force. Was presented an analytical method for determining the probability of counteracting by the pilot emergency situation in-flight in cases where we have relevant data on the risks of flight safety. The probability of counteracting by the pilot emergency situation in-flight is even greater the higher the expected value and the lower the variance.
The electrical conductivity of jet fuels F–34 and F–35 (JET A–1) in distribution
Authors: Białecki Tomasz
Published: June 2016

The paper presents a changeability of electrical conductivity of jet fuels in distribution. Author described the methods used to prevent the formation of the dangers of static electricity. Research was carried out on two basic fuels used worldwide to power engines in civil (Jet A – 1) and military aircrafts (F – 34), during real fuel supplies in aviation military unit. Results of influence of temperature on the electrical conductivity of jet fuel are presented.
The assessment of toxic emission from the engines of the W-3 helicopter in the preflight engine run
Authors: Cur Krzysztof , Kozłowski Robert , Markowski Jarosław , Merkisz Jerzy , Pielecha Jacek
Published: June 2016

Helicopters are used in a variety of tasks like sea, mountain and land search and rescue, civil transportation or military operations. Their amount is growing, their ceiling is usually low, however, the exhaust emission from their engines is not restricted by any directive. That is why an attempt was made to determine the real exhaust emission. The research was done on the W-3 helicopter during the preflight engine run. Based on the results set the standard was created which reflects the working conditions of the engines during the test cycle. The research allowed to establish the unit emission of toxic gasses and then the influence on environment of the engines.
Qualitative analysis of maintenance and services carried out in a repair plant on the example of a multi-purpose aircraft
Authors: Woźny Piotr
Published: June 2016

The article presents revealed failures and damages of the multi-task aircraft (ACFT) reported by users to the service organization, aimed at assessing and removing them. In the course of the analysis process, damages and malfunctions were grouped, depending on aviation specialities. A review was conducted that targeted occurring malfunctions and damages in a set of ACFT of the same type, over a twelve-year operational period. In the assessed period, trend lines were determined, showing a drop in the number of accepted claims submitted by ACFT users.
Shapiro steps in the commensurate structures with integer value of the winding number
Authors: Mali Petar , Tekić Jasmina
Published: June 2016

Dynamical mode locking phenomena and the appearance of Shapiro steps are studied in commensurate structures with integer values of winding number in the dc- and ac-driven overdamped Frenkel-Kontorova model. While in the standard case with sinusoidal substrate potential, the system reduces to the single particles model in which only harmonic steps exist and analytical form for the step size can be revealed, in the case of deformable potential, the presence of many degrees of freedom strongly influences the Shapiro steps. Whole series of subharmonic steps appear, and the two types of response functions, the one for the commensurate structures with odd and the one for the commensurate structures with even winding number have been observed.
Analysis of luminescence of Eu3+ doped Lu2Ti2O7 powders with Judd-Ofelt theory
Authors: Vuković Katarina , Ćulubrk Sanja , Sekulić Milica , Dramićanin Miroslav D.
Published: June 2016

Eu3+ doped Lu2Ti2O7 particles of 6 to 10 nm in diameter are prepared by Pechini-type polymerized complex route based on polyesterification between citric acid (CA) and ethylene glycol. X-ray diffraction measurements confirmed that Eu3+ doped Lu2Ti2O7 powders crystallized in the face-centered cubic lattice (Fd3m). Emission spectra displayed characteristic 5D0 →7 FJ (J = 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4) spin forbidden f-f electronic transitions of the Eu3+ ions with the most pronounced emission coming from 5D0 →7 F2 and with the emission decays varying between 0.75 and 0.60 ms for samples doped with different concentration of Eu3+. The Judd-Ofelt theory was applied to the experimental data for the quantitative determination of optical parameters such as Ω2, Ω4 Judd-Ofelt parameters, radiative and nonradiative transition rates and emission quantum efficiency. It was observed that, for all the samples, Ω2 >> Ω4. The luminescence quantum yields were calculated by means of the Judd-Ofelt theory and the highest value 60.83 % is obtained for particles doped with concentration of 3 % Eu3+.
The Jurisprudence of Religion in a Secular Age: From Ornamentalism to Hobby Lobby
Authors: Kahn Paul W.
Published: June 2016

This article considers the effects of secularization on the American constitutional law of religion. It argues that, in a secular age, religious belief becomes a matter of subjective opinion to be treated in much the same way as other opinions. Claims that religious beliefs occupy a privileged legal position become problematic, once those opinions are understood to be merely subjective. Free exercise jurisprudence tends to collapse into the jurisprudence of free speech: We protect religious speech because it is speech, not because it is religious. In establishment clause jurisprudence, endorsement becomes the focus of attention. If religious belief can never be more than a subjective opinion, then it is measured like other opinions: we want to know who supports it, not whether it is true. Thus, the endorsement test asks whether the state is asserting a religious belief as its own. Once religious belief is understood as subjective opinion, its natural place will appear to be within, not outside of, politics, for interest groups are defined by the opinions they pursue. Perhaps ironically, the increasingly visible role of religious groups in American politics is an expression not of how seriously we take religion, but of how much less serious it has become. No longer about the truth of the human condition, it is merely another opinion.
Physico-chemical and Microbiological Characteristics, Sensory Quality and Acceptability of Native Chicken and Rabbit Sausage Produced with Corn Oil, Margarine and Beef Fat
Authors: Lengkey Hendronoto Arnoldus Walewangko , Lobo Balia Roostita
Published: June 2016

In this paper, we evaluated the effect of certain oils or fats (corn oil, margarine and beef fat) on the physico-chemical, microbiological characteristics and sensory quality of native chicken and rabbit sausages as low fat sausages. The sausages were evaluated by physicochemical analysis of pH, aw, moisture content, protein and fat, TPC and Salmonella as microbiological characteristics, as well as flavor, juiciness and overall acceptability as sensory quality, and with regards to diversification of meat products in Indonesia. Three formulations for native chicken (FA) and rabbit (FB) sausages were prepared: FA1 and FB1 (with 10% corn oil); FA2 and FB2 (with 10% margarine): FA3 and FB3 (with 10% beef fat). Results indicated no significant difference (p<0.05) between the pH and aw values of native chicken and rabbit sausages using different fat sources. The moisture content was significantly different (p<0.05) both between the native chicken and rabbit sausages and the types of fat source (corn oil, margarine and beef fat) added. No effect on protein content was found both in native chicken and rabbit sausages. The lowest fat content was found in rabbit sausages (18.79 + 0.70%) where corn oil was added as a fat source. Lowest TPC was also observed. Salmonella were not detected in any of the sausage groups. There was no significant difference (p<0.05) in various sensory attributes. In conclusion, native chicken and rabbit meat seems to be a suitable alternative for low fat sausages production, particularly with corn oil as fat source.
The value chain of a commune as an attempt to integrate various theoretical concepts
Authors: Dziemianowicz Wojciech
Published: June 2016

This article deals with the topic of the local development factors within the value chain of the commune (gmina). The concept of the value chain examines development factors in three groups: the leader, the internal environment and the external environment; it also takes into account the time factor. This article also presents the usefulness of three theoretical and conceptual approaches in reference to the idea of the value chain: the theory of development path dependency, the network theory, and the concept of smart specializations.
Why Was the New Testament Translated into Hebrew?
Authors: Shuali Eran
Published: June 2016

After offering a short overview of the history of Hebrew translations of the New Testament from
the Middle Ages to our time, this article focuses on the purposes of the different translations as reflected
in what has been written and said about them by the translators themselves and by other people involved
in their dissemination. Five such purposes are identified: 1. Jewish polemics against Christianity in the
Middle Ages. 2. Christian study of the Hebrew language. 3. The quest for the Hebrew “original” of the
New Testament. 4. The mission to the Jews. 5. The needs of the Christian communities in the State of
Israel. Concluding remarks are then made regarding the way in which Hebrew translations of the New
Testament were perceived throughout the ages and regarding the role they played.
The Clash of Theism and Liberal Individualism in Psychotherapy: A Case Illustration
Authors: Slife Brent D. , Scott Lisa , McDonald Adam
Published: June 2016

The present article extends the work of Allen Bergin by illustrating the therapeutic clash of
liberal individualism and theism in an actual therapy case. As many scholars have demonstrated, liberal
individualism has long been the “disguised ideology” at the assumptive base of many psychotherapy
theories and practices. The case shows how the lead author was an “agent of culture,” to use Bergin’s
terms, in his therapy with a Christian woman. It explains how he attempted to persuade her, without
realizing it, to move from her basically Christian values to an individualist emphasis on happiness,
instrumentalism, freedom from, autonomy, openness, and independence. Recommendations to deal
with these issues are described.
Residential environment quality and neighborhood attachment in open and gated communities
Authors: Wyczałkowska Maria , Janda-Dębek Bożena
Published: June 2016

Our study evaluated the residential environment quality among residents of both traditional open communities and gated communities (fenced), with the latter becoming increasingly popular in Poland. For this purpose the Perceived Evaluation of Residential Environment Quality and Place Attachment Questionnaire (Dębek, Janda-Dębek, 2015) was used, which is a Polish adaptation of Abbreviated Perceived Residential Environment Quality & Neighborhood Attachment Indicators (APREQ & NA, Bonaiuto, Bonnes, Fornara, 2010). Sixty residents of two Wrocław communities (open and gated) were examined. Our study revealed that residents of the open community evaluate their residential environment better and they are more attached to it than residents of the gated community.
Development and Validation of the Influence Regulation and Deinfluentization Scale (DEI-beh)
Authors: Kożusznik Barbara , Pollak Anita , Adamek Dominik , Grabowski Damian
Published: June 2016

Our article presents work on the development and validation of Influence Regulation and Deinfluentization Scale (DEI-beh). Reviewing concepts regarding its influence constitutes an introduction to the original deinfluentization concept coined by Barbara Kożusznik. The author’s theory has provided the basis for creating a diagnostic tool. The elaborated DEI-beh method consists in evaluating conditions which determine managerial effectiveness and shape reciprocal influences among team members. Our article describes this tool’s creation and its validation procedure. Positive relationships between DEI-beh’s individual dimensions and temperament characteristics, defined in Pavlov’s concept (1952), and selected personality traits, proposed in the Five-Factor Model Personality by Costa and McCrae (1992), confirm the tool’s external validity.
Acute Effect of Whole-Body Vibration Warm-up on Footspeed Quickness
Authors: Donahue Ryan B. , Vingren Jakob L. , Duplanty Anthony A. , Levitt Danielle E. , Luk Hui-Ying , Kraemer William J.
Published: June 2016

Donahue, RB, Vingren, JL, Duplanty, AA, Levitt, DE, Luk, H-Y, and Kraemer, WJ. Acute effect of whole-body vibration warm-up on footspeed quickness. J Strength Cond Res 30(8): 2286–2291, 2016—The warm-up routine preceding a training or athletic event can affect the performance during that event. Whole-body vibration (WBV) can increase muscle performance, and thus the inclusion of WBV to the warm-up routine might provide additional performance improvements. The purpose of this investigation was to examine the acute effect of a WBV warm-up, using a vertical oscillating platform and a more traditional warm-up protocol on feet quickness in physically active men. Twenty healthy and physically active men (18–25 years, 22 ± 3 years, 176.8 ± 6.4 cm, 84.4 ± 11.5 kg, 10.8 ± 1.4% body fat) volunteered for this study. A 2 × 2 factorial design was used to examine the effect of 4 warm-up scenarios (no warm-up, traditional warm-up only, WBV warm-up only, and combined traditional and WBV warm-up) on subsequent 3-second Quick feet count test (QFT) performance. The traditional warm-up consisted of static and dynamic exercises and stretches. The WBV warm-up consisted of 60 seconds of vertical sinusoidal vibration at a frequency of 35 Hz and amplitude of 4 mm on a vibration platform. The WBV protocol significantly (p ≤ 0.0005, η2 = 0.581) augmented QFT performance (WBV: 37.1 ± 3.4 touches; no-WBV: 35.7 ± 3.4 touches). The results demonstrate that WBV can enhance the performance score on the QFT. The findings of this study suggest that WBV warm-up should be included in warm-up routines preceding training and athletic events which include very fast foot movements.
LncRNA‐MIF, a c‐Myc‐activated long non‐coding RNA, suppresses glycolysis by promoting Fbxw7‐mediated c‐Myc degradation
Authors: Zhang Pengfei , Cao Limian , Fan Pingsheng , Mei Yide , Wu Mian
Published: June 2016

The c‐Myc proto‐oncogene is activated in more than half of all human cancers. However, the precise regulation of c‐Myc protein stability is unknown. Here, we show that the lncRNA‐MIF (c‐Myc inhibitory factor), a c‐Myc‐induced long non‐coding RNA, is a competing endogenous RNA for miR‐586 and attenuates the inhibitory effect of miR‐586 on Fbxw7, an E3 ligase for c‐Myc, leading to increased Fbxw7 expression and subsequent c‐Myc degradation. Our data reveal the existence of a feedback loop between c‐Myc and lncRNA‐MIF, through which c‐Myc protein stability is finely controlled. Additionally, we show that the lncRNA‐MIF inhibits aerobic glycolysis and tumorigenesis by suppressing c‐Myc and miR‐586.
A complicated trilogy: persistent left superior vena cava with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and atrial septal defect
Authors: Kocabas Umut , Kaya Esra , Soydas Cinar Cahide
Published: June 2016

A 28-year-old asymptomatic woman was referred to our clinic for evaluation of a heart murmur. Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) demonstrated ventricular hypertrophy with septal thickness of 26 mm, consistent with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) (Fig. 1A). The diagnosis of HCM was confirmed by contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging, and late gadolinium enhancement was observed in the anterior wall (Fig. 1B and C). The patient’s coronary sinus (CS) was dilated and, therefore, underwent contrast echocardiography with a prediagnosis of persistent left superior vena cava (PLSVC) (Fig. 1A and D). Saline was administered through a left brachial vein, and the CS opacified first followed by the right atrium (Fig. 1E and Video 1). After saline was administered through the patient’s right arm, her right atrium opacified before the CS. She was diagnosed with PLSVC. TTE revealed a secundum atrial septal defect (ASD), and Doppler echocardiography confirmed a leftto-right shunt (Fig. 1F and Video 2). Although the Qp:Qs ratio was <1.5, valvular function, right heart volume and systolic pulmonary arterial pressure were normal. She was included in a follow-up program.

PLSVC, HCM and ASD are common congenital heart diseases; however, they are rarely observed together. The risk of arrhythmia and sudden cardiac death is increased in HCM (1). An implantable cardioverter defibrillator is the only therapy in this clinical setting. PLSVC is a vascular anomaly and can be incidentally detected during right heart invasive procedures. However, PLSVC may cause technical difficulties during cardiac device implantation (2). The presence of a dilated CS should alter the medical team to the possibility of a PLSVC. We suggest that contrast echocardiography with agitated saline injected intravenously through the left arm is an important and useful technique in the diagnosis of PLSVC. To the best of our knowledge, our report is the first in the literature of a patient with PLSVC with HCM and ASD together.
Cross-Talk Between Mitochondrial Fusion and the Hippo Pathway in Controlling Cell Proliferation DuringDrosophilaDevelopment
Authors: Deng Qiannan , Guo Ting , Zhou Xiu , Xi Yongmei , Yang Xiaohang , Ge Wanzhong
Published: June 2016

Cell proliferation and tissue growth depend on the coordinated regulation of multiple signaling molecules and pathways during animal development. Previous studies have linked mitochondrial function and the Hippo signaling pathway in growth control. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. Here we identify a Drosophila mitochondrial inner membrane protein ChChd3 as a novel regulator for tissue growth. Loss of ChChd3 leads to tissue undergrowth and cell proliferation defects. ChChd3 is required for mitochondrial fusion and removal of ChChd3 increases mitochondrial fragmentation. ChChd3 is another mitochondrial target of the Hippo pathway, although it is only partially required for Hippo pathway-mediated overgrowth. Interestingly, lack of ChChd3 leads to inactivation of Hippo activity under normal development, which is also dependent on the transcriptional coactivator Yorkie (Yki). Furthermore, loss of ChChd3 induces oxidative stress and activates the JNK pathway. In addition, depletion of other mitochondrial fusion components, Opa1 or Marf, inactivates the Hippo pathway as well. Taken together, we propose that there is a cross-talk between mitochondrial fusion and the Hippo pathway, which is essential in controlling cell proliferation and tissue homeostasis in Drosophila.
Covariance Association Test (CVAT) Identifies Genetic Markers Associated with Schizophrenia in Functionally Associated Biological Processes
Authors: Rohde Palle Duun , Demontis Ditte , Cuyabano Beatriz Castro Dias ,   The Genomic Medicine for Schizophrenia Group, Børglum Anders D , Sørensen Peter
Published: June 2016

Schizophrenia is a psychiatric disorder with large personal and social costs, and understanding the genetic etiology is important. Such knowledge can be obtained by testing the association between a disease phenotype and individual genetic markers; however, such single-marker methods have limited power to detect genetic markers with small effects. Instead, aggregating genetic markers based on biological information might increase the power to identify sets of genetic markers of etiological significance. Several set test methods have been proposed: Here we propose a new set test derived from genomic best linear unbiased prediction (GBLUP), the covariance association test (CVAT). We compared the performance of CVAT to other commonly used set tests. The comparison was conducted using a simulated study population having the same genetic parameters as for schizophrenia. We found that CVAT was among the top performers. When extending CVAT to utilize a mixture of SNP effects, we found an increase in power to detect the causal sets. Applying the methods to a Danish schizophrenia case–control data set, we found genomic evidence for association of schizophrenia with vitamin A metabolism and immunological responses, which previously have been implicated with schizophrenia based on experimental and observational studies.
Indicators of Study Success Related to Impact of University Students' Enrollment Status / Pokazatelji uspješnosti studiranja u korelaciji s tipom financiranja prilikom upisa na fakultet
Authors: Išljamović Sonja Zoran , Jeremić Veljko , Lalić Srđan
Published: June 2016

Analyzing and determining patterns among indicators of academic success and their correlation to students’ enrollment status can be a good foundation in the process of adapting and improving the curriculum of higher education institutions, according to students’ characteristics. In this paper we analyzed variables (the completed study program, student’s gender, type of previously finished secondary school and the region where they finished secondary school) and indicators of academic success (GPA and study time) and their dependence on the status of enrollment at university. The results of this research indicate that students who enrolled in the status of budget financing (SBF) achieve greater success in terms of GPA (higher GPA) and the average time required to complete the study (shorter average time of study) in comparison to students who enrolled in the faculty in the self-financing status.Key words: educational data mining; higher education; student performance; study success.---Analiza i utvrđivanje uzoraka kod pokazatelja akademskog uspjeha i njihove korelacije u odnosu na tip financiranja prilikom upisa studenta na fakultet može predstavljati dobru početnu osnovu za prilagodbu i unapređenje nastavnoga plana i programa visokoškolske institucije, u skladu s karakteristikama studenata. U sklopu ovog istraživanja analizirane su osnovne varijable (studijski program fakulteta, spol studenta, tip prethodno završene srednje škole i područje u kojem je student završio srednju školu) te indikatori uspješnosti studiranja (prosječna ocjena na kraju studija i vrijeme potrebno za završetak studija) kao i njihova ovisnost o statusa studenta prilikom upisa na fakultet. Rezultati istraživanja upućuju na to da postoje razlike u pogledu ostvarenih dostignuća uspjeha studiranja i na to da studenti koji su na fakultet upisani u statusu državnoga subvencioniranja ostvaruju bolji uspjeh tijekom studiranja u pogledu ostvarene bolje prosječne ocjene studiranja (viša prosječna ocjena studiranja) i vremena potrebnog za završetak studija (kraće prosječno vrijeme završetka fakulteta) u odnosu na studente koji su upisani u statusu samofinanciranja.Ključne riječi: otkrivanje zakonitosti u podatcima iz područja edukacije; visokoškolsko obrazovanje; uspjeh studija; izvedba studenta