bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Integration of urban and rural areas in modern China
Authors: Lian Gjian , Wang Lili , Barkov S. A.
Published: April 2024

The relevance of the research topic is determined by the fact that China has entered a new stage of its development – the bulk of the population is concentrated in cities. Until recently, migration to cities and active urbanization were system-forming processes in Chinese society. In the post-industrial era, the situation changes significantly and requires sociological understanding.

             The country's accelerated industrialization in recent decades has brought millions of people into the cities. A stereotype has formed according to which success in life can only be achieved in the city. In many ways, migration developed spontaneously; people moved to cities in accordance with fashion, rather than rational considerations. As a result, the culture of urban settlements suffered noticeable damage. There are now areas populated by people who were unable to settle in the city and were limited in their ability to return to the village.

             The country’s leadership has formulated a new policy aimed at integrating urban and rural areas. It is based on three social priorities: 1) slow down migration from villages to cities; 2) rationalize migration flows, taking into account the need for the development of industrial enterprises and the cities where they are located; 3) create opportunities for migration from cities to rural areas.

             The most important direction in the implementation of such a policy was the creation of city-regions, uniting several cities (in some cases including one metropolis) and the surrounding countryside. In this case, the infrastructure of cities gradually spreads to the rural outskirts and then covers the entire city-region; in the same time created in rural areas industrial enterprises and service organizations slow down traditional migration to cities and cause reverse migration flows.
Footsteps of graphene filled polymer nanocomposites towards efficient membranes—Present and future
Authors: Kausar Ayesha , Ahmad Ishaq
Published: April 2024

Due to rising global environmental challenges, air/water pollution treatments technologies especially membrane techniques have been focused. In this context, air or purification membranes have been considered effective for environmental remediations. In the field of polymeric membranes, high performance polymer/graphene nanocomposite membranes have gained increasing research attention. The polymer/graphene nanomaterials exposed several potential benefits when processed as membranes. This review explains utilizations of polymer and graphene derived nanocomposites towards membranes formation and water or gas separation or decontamination properties. Here, different membrane designs have been developed depending upon the polymer types (poly(vinyl alcohol), poly(vinyl chloride), poly(dimethyl siloxane), polysulfone, poly(methyl methacrylate), etc.) and graphene functionalities. Including graphene in polymers influenced membrane microstructure, physical features, molecular permeability or selectivity, and separations. Polysulfone/graphene oxide nanocomposite membranes have been found most efficient with enhanced rejection rate of 90%–95%, high water flux >180 L/m2/h, and desirable water contact angle for water purification purposes. For gas separation membranes, efficient membranes have been reported as polysulfone/graphene oxide and poly(dimethyl siloxane)/graphene oxide nanocomposites. In these membranes, N2, CO2, and other gases permeability have been found higher than even >99.9%. Similarly, higher selectivity values for gases like CO2/CH4 have been observed. Thus, high performance graphene-based nanocomposite membranes possess high potential to overcome the challenges related to water or gas molecular separations.
A NEW ROBUST HOMOMORPHIC ENCRYPTION SCHEME BASED ON PAILLIER, RESIDUE NUMBER SYSTEM AND EL-GAMAL
Authors: Agbedemnab Peter Awonnatemi , Safianu and Abdul Somed , Selanwiah Salifu Abdul-Mumin
Published: April 2024

The new focus of cryptographic research is on encryption schemes that can withstand cyber-attacks, with the arrival of cloud computing. The widely used public key encryption system designed by Taher El Gamal based on the discrete logarithm problem has been used in many sectors such as internet security, E-voting systems, and other applications for a long time. However, considering the potential data security threats in cloud computing, cryptologists are developing new and more robust cryptographic algorithms. To this end, a new robust homomorphic encryption scheme based on Paillier, Residue Number system (RNS), and El Gamal (PRE), is proposed in this paper., which is expected to be highly effective and resistant to cyber-attacks. The proposed scheme is composed a three-layer encryption and a three-layer decryption processes thereby, making it robust. It employs an existing RNS moduli set {2n + 1, 2n, 2n − 1, 2n−1} − 1}, having passed it through the Paillier encryption process for forward conversion and then the El Gamal cryptosystem to encrpyt any data. The decryption process is a reversal of these processes starting from the El Gamal through a reverse conversion with the same moduli set using the Chinese Remainder Theorem (CRT). The simulation results shows that the proposed scheme outperforms similar existing schemes in terms of robustness and therefore, making it more secured which however, trades off with the time of execution in similar comparison.
IL-1ra gene therapy in equine osteoarthritis improves physiological, anatomical, and biological outcomes of joint degeneration
Authors: Goodrich Laurie R. , McIlwraith C. Wayne , Grieger Josh , Kraus Virginia Byers , Stabler Thomas , Werpy Natasha , Phillips Jennifer , Samulski R. Jude , Frisbie David
Published: April 2024

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate the effects of a gene transfer approach to IL-1β inhibition in an equine osteochondral chip fragment model of joint injury using a self-complementary adeno-associated virus with interleukin receptor antagonist transgene cassette (scAAVIL-1ra), as posttraumatic osteoarthritis in horses, similar to people, is a significant clinical problem.

ANIMALS

16 horses were utilized for the study.

METHODS

All horses had an osteochondral chip fragment induced arthroscopically in one middle carpal joint while the contralateral joint was sham operated. Eight horses received either scAAVIL-1ra or saline in the osteoarthritis joint. Horses were evaluated over 70 days clinically (lameness, imaging, and biomarker analysis) and euthanized at 70 days and evaluated grossly, with imaging and histopathology.

RESULTS

The following findings were statistically significant. Injection of scAAVIL-1ra resulted in high synovial fluid levels of IL-1ra (0.5 to 9 μg/mL) throughout the duration of the experiment (70 days). Over the duration, we observed scAAVIL-1ra to improve lameness (lameness score relative improvement of 1.2 on a scale of 0 to 5), cause suppression of prostaglandin E2 (a relative decline of 30 pg/mL), and result in histological improvement in articular cartilage (decreased chondrocyte loss and chondrone formation) and subchondral bone (less osteochondral splitting and osteochondral lesions). Within the synovial membrane of scAAVIL-1ra–treated joints, we also observed perivascular infiltration with CD3-positive WBCs, suggesting lymphocytic T-cell perivascular infiltration commonly observed with viral transduction.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

These data provide support for further evaluation and optimization of scAAVIL-1ra gene therapy to treat equine osteoarthritis.
SIMULAÇÃO E MITIGAÇÃO DA PEGADA DE CARBONO PROVENIENTE DE MATERIAIS CONSTRUTIVOS CONVENCIONAIS E SUBSTITUIÇÃO POR MATERIAIS ALTERNATIVOS
Authors: Vigoderis Ricardo Brauer
Published: April 2024

Objetivo: O objetivo foi analisar quais impactos ao meio ambiente, provenientes da construção de residenciais, realizando uma simulação da pegada de carbono desse empreendimento e elaborando um comparativo com a substituição de materiais convencionais para materiais alternativos na mitigação de Dióxido de carbono (CO2).
 
Referencial Teórico: A contribuição efetivamente da indústria da construção civil na emissão dos GEE, devido extração de materiais, transporte dos mesmos e processo de fabricação do cimento. O setor é encarregado pela produção de um bem que possui uma longa vida útil, assim, é possível perceber que a emissão dos gases tem um papel crítico ao meio ambiente
 
Método: A metodologia foi dividida nas seguintes etapas: pesquisa bibliográfica, com ênfase nos temas; coleta de dados, que foram levantados a partir de trabalhos em campo e a utilização de geoprocessamento com dados oriundos do sensoriamento remoto; análise dos impactos ambientais e o comparativo de materiais convencionais para materiais alternativos.
 
Resultados: Comprovou-se nos resultados dos materiais construtivos que, comparando os valores de 212,83 kgCO2 e 208,14 kgCO2, respectivamente, de CO2 emitido pelos cinco materiais escolhidos, chegou-se a um total de redução de 4,69 kgCO2, ou seja, o equivalente a 2,2% a menos de CO2 emitido por cada casa, se substituídos as telhas cerâmicas e os tijolos cerâmicos por bambu.
 
Implicações da pesquisa: Os resultados deste trabalho são de grande relevância para o desenvolvimento sustentável na construção civil, não só apenas do município de Garanhuns, mas em todo Agreste meridional, trazendo para o interior de Pernambuco possibilidades de mitigar as emissões de gases.
 
Originalidade/valor: Utilizando o conhecimento técnico e as emissões dos materiais construtivos utilizados no Brasil, espera-se contribuir de forma relevante para a problemática que se apresenta, pois a construção civil como um todo, necessita de mudanças em sua forma de emitir gases do efeito estufa, já que é um setor com um alto potencial de mitigar os efeitos causados pelas emissões de GEE emitidos pelos seus materiais construtivos.
Perspectivas transgressivas no ensino mediado por tecnologias
Authors: Beviláqua André Firpo , Costa Alan Ricardo , Reginatto Andrea Ad , Fialho Vanessa Ribas
Published: April 2024

As perspectivas trazidas por esta obra instigam o fazer docente do educador de línguas por apresentarem pesquisas, argumentos e reflexões acerca da necessidade de olharmos para o processo de construção do conhecimento a partir de um olhar transgressor. Ademais, o texto que estás prestes a ler, caro leitor, é um convite para que busques novos caminhos formativos que viabilizem experiências de aprendizagem significativas no seu contexto de ensino.
Potential of Chromolaena odorata, Ipomoea carnea and Eichhornia crassipes as green manures on soil fertility index and rice production on vertisols
Authors: Suntoro Suntoro , Herdiansyah Ganjar , Mujiyo Mujiyo , Widijanto Hery , Maroeto Maroeto , Julianto Eko Amiadji , Puspitasari Chelyna , Tjahjanto Azhar Dimas , Wardhana Haikal Rafi
Published: April 2024

The organic farming system is an agricultural activity which aims to preserve soil fertility and create sustainable farming. The objective of this research is to evaluate the effects of the application of green manure on soil fertility index and rice production. The research was carried out in Weru District, Sukoharjo Regency, using an experiment method with a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). The research included 10 treatments: T0 = Control, T1 = NPK fertilizer 0.2 ton/ha, T2 = rice straw 10 ton/ha, T3 = Chromolaena odorata 10 ton/ha, T4 = Ipomoea carnea 10 ton/ha, T5 = Eichhornia crassipes 10 ton/ha, T6 = NPK 0.1 ton/ha + rice straw 5 ton/ha, T7 = NPK 0.1 ton/ha + C. odorata 5 ton/ha, T8 = NPK 0.1 ton/ha + I. carnea 5 ton/ha, T9 = NPK 0.1 ton/h + E. crassipes 5 ton/ha, with three repetitions. The soil characteristics tested were pH, total N, available P, exchangeable K, exchangeable Ca, exchangeable Mg, Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC), Base Saturation (BS), and Soil Organic Carbon (SOC). The results show that C. odorata, I. carnea, and E. crassipes have potential as green manures, due to their high N content, of 3.38%, 3.54%, and 2.95% andthe ability to increase soil fertility and rice production. The soil fertility index increased from high to very high, neither within single applications nor combined with NPK fertilizer. The highest rice production was obtained with the use of C. odorata, which increased harvest dry weight by 2.24 ton/ha (67.67%) or an increase of 2.1 ton/ha (75%) in milled dry weight, followed by I. carnea and E. crassipes. There was a correlation between soil fertility index and rice production, shown by the higher SFI, the harvest dry weight and milled dry weight increases.
Leishmania spp. EM FELINO NA CIDADE DE ITACARÉ (BA)
Authors: Oliveira Uillians Volkart de , Costa Thaise da Silva Oliveira , Varjão José Luís , Santos Ivanildo dos Anjos
Published: April 2024

Leishmaniose é uma doença causada por protozoários do gênero Leishmania, que podem acometer diversas espécies de mamíferos, incluindo os gatos. Devido ao seu caráter zoonótico, trata-se de uma doença de grande importância na medicina veterinária, como também na saúde pública. Os gatos podem atuar como hospedeiros intermediários deste parasita, porém, ainda existem poucos relatos sobre essa doença nos felinos. Este trabalho tem como objetivo relatar o caso de uma gata positiva para Leishmaniose no município de Itacaré (BA). O diagnóstico foi confirmado por meio dos sinais clínicos característicos e da citologia aspirativa das lesões na região do focinho e orelha, na qual foi encontrada formas amastigotas do parasita. Foi prescrito tratamento clínico com alopurinol, além de orientações a respeito de medidas que devem ser tomadas com animais positivos para a doença. Segundo o tutor, houve melhora das lesões, mas após cinco meses foi relatada a morte do animal. Este é o primeiro relato de caso de um felino com Leishmaniose no Sul da Bahia, sugerindo a necessidade de que esta informação seja compartilhada e que os tutores busquem auxilio veterinário para o tratamento destes animais.
Mechanisms of metaphorical formation and interpretation of zoosemisms in Russian dictionaries
Authors: Li Yimo
Published: April 2024

The subject of the study is the lexical and semantic features of Russian zoosemisms characterizing the internal signs of a person. The object of the study is Russian zoosemisms, that is, secondary names of persons motivated by animal names (zoonyms). The paper examines the relationship between the primary meanings of animals and their metaphorical zoosemic meanings; the interaction of metaphorical connections and cultural representations in language; and the potential for the development of zoosemisms in the Russian language. The author examines in detail such aspects of the topic as zoosemisms reflecting the internal characteristics of a person and directly related to the zoonyms motivating them; zoosemisms reflecting the internal features of a person and indirectly related to the zoonyms motivating them. Special attention is paid to the analysis of possible sources of zoosemisms, which are indirectly related to the zoonyms motivating them, as well as their stability in the psychological state of native Russian speakers. The following methods are used in the study: descriptive, component analysis, comparative analysis, as well as the method of continuous sampling of material. The novelty of this work lies in an in-depth analysis of a specific subgroup of zoosemisms; identification of various connections between zoonyms and zoosemisms motivated by them; as well as in highlighting the special role of zoosemisms in the linguistic picture of the world of Russian speakers. The results of the study confirm the complexity and diversity of the connections between zoonyms and the zoosemisms motivated by them, many of which are directly related to the cultural, historical and phraseological aspects of the Russian language. The zoosemisms ram, gad, beetle, fox, turkey exist as stronger cultural elements, and are steadily present in the minds of native speakers of the Russian language. The zoosemisms sparrow, goose, animal, dog, creature, chicken are in the status of dynamic development. The source of zoosemisms can be phraseologically related meanings of the corresponding animal (zoosemisms goat, sheep, donkey, rooster); metaphorical meanings of the corresponding masculine animal (zoosemisms gadina, fox/fox, donkey/donkey, bitch); metaphorical meanings associated with the species or family of the corresponding animal (zoosemisms barbosa, tigress, shiloh tail). This analysis enriches the understanding of the mechanisms of metaphor formation in the Russian language and can serve as a basis for further linguistic research, as well as methods of teaching Russian to foreign students.
Mitigation of Roughness-Induced Boundary-Layer Transition on Airfoils Using Shielding Strips
Authors: Justiniano Ezequiel , Brown Lisa M. , White Edward B. , Suryanarayanan Saikishan , Goldstein David B.
Published: April 2024

Boundary-layer transition in the wake of a discrete roughness element results in a turbulent wedge that can adversely affect aerodynamic performance. Even when surfaces are designed for laminar flow, roughness that accumulates near the leading edge can cause premature transition and degrade performance. One approach for mitigating such transition is to place small spanwise-oriented shielding strips upstream or downstream of potential roughness elements accumulation sites. Shielding strips have been shown to be effective at eliminating transition in zero-pressure-gradient, flat-plate boundary layers. This work documents the shielding performance near the leading edge of an NACA 63(3)-418 airfoil where the pressure gradient is strongly favorable. Infrared thermography is used to evaluate the laminar or turbulent state of the boundary layer behind multiple roughness elements with and without shielding strips. The performance of various upstream and downstream shielding configurations is evaluated, as well as the performance improvement of combining these two strategies simultaneously. Direct numerical simulations provide validation and additional insight into the mechanisms responsible for the shielding phenomenon.
Das Raum- und Weltmodell in Wolfgang Koeppens Roman Tauben im Gras
Authors: Guo Jing
Published: April 2024

Der Beitrag konzentriert sich auf die Zeichenhaftigkeit des Raums in Wolfgang Koeppens Tauben im Gras (1951). Je zwei Arten von topografischen Räumen werden dabei ausgewählt: einerseits zwei kontrastierende Räume und anderseits zwei Räume, die Begegnungen ermöglichen. Dabei soll die Semantik der jeweiligen Räume vor dem Hintergrund historischer, gesellschaftlicher und kultureller Konnotationen eingehend erläutert und hinsichtlich ihrer Funktionalität reflektiert werden. Letztlich gilt es, den Zusammenhang von Raum und Handlung zu untersuchen und daraus das Weltmodell in Koeppens Roman zu erschließen.
Wie man Linguisten in Begeisterung versetzt: Drei Muster von Funktionsverbgefügen mit Objekt-Experiencern
Authors: Wiskandt Niklas , Turus Dila
Published: April 2024

Dieser Aufsatz beschäftigt sich mit drei Mustern von Funktionsverbgefügen mit Objekt- Experiencern: in N bringen, zu N bringen, in N versetzen. Die Muster haben gemeinsam, dass sie eine Kausativierung des durch das enthaltene Nomen denotierten emotionalen Zustands darstellen, unterscheiden sich jedoch in aspektuellen Eigenschaften, sowie darin, mit welchen Nomen sie kompatibel sind. Auf der Grundlage einer Korpusstudie zu 60 Emotionsnomen charakterisiert der Aufsatz Gruppen von Nomen, die in Bezug auf die Funktionsverbgefüge das gleiche Verhalten aufweisen, arbeitet Eigenschaften heraus, die die Funktionsverbgefüge blockieren, und schlägt Bedeutungen für die drei Muster vor.
Blockchain technology applied in medicine: a systematic review
Authors:   Universidad Ricardo Palma, Tinoco Plasencia Christian J.
Published: April 2024

Objective: Develop an articles review to evaluate the existing evidence on blockchain technology applied in medicine. Methods: The study was of a documentary type, bibliographic design, framed in a systematic review. The harvest of articles was carried out in the Scopus, Web of Sciences, Pro Quest and ScienceDirect databases from January 1, 2018 to July 31, 2023. The descriptors were blockchain, technology and medicine. The PRISMA diagram was prepared considering the inclusion criteria: original articles, with open access; that address the subject and in any language. The search yielded 70 articles, of which 11 formed the sample. Results: The various applications of blockchain technology in medicine were discussed, including its integration with artificial intelligence (AI) for data-centric analysis; regarding the development of traceability systems, however, its greatest applicability is in the registration of medical records of patients, whose application was successful. Despite this, its incipient use in medicine was verified due to the lack of studies in this regard. Conclusions: The application of blockchain technology in medicine is very scarce, despite the potential it has for the registration and safeguarding of medical data, therefore, its study should be deepened.
Early detection of mental health problems in university students
Authors:   Universidad Ricardo Palma, Espinoza García Allyson D.
Published: April 2024

Due to community transmission and the increase in cases during the COVID-19 pandemic, preventive measures had to be adopted, including social isolation and quarantine, which have had effects on people's mental health. Thus, the restriction of free movement, the discontinuity of routines, the decrease in social interaction, the lack of traditional learning methods, as well as the new academic, technological and psychological demands have generated an increase in tension, stress and anxiety in young people.
Short and prolonged fasting prior to the performance of tracheostomies in intensive therapy: a retrospective study
Authors:   Universidad Nacional del Sur, Duran Lucas G. , Beilman María E. ,   Universidad Nacional del Sur, Quiroga Araceli N. ,   Hospital Municipal de Agudos Dr. Leonidas Lucero, Cruz Magdalena ,   Hospital Municipal de Agudos Dr. Leonidas Lucero, Millan Alejandra V. ,   Hospital Municipal de Agudos Dr. Leonidas Lucero, Ojeda Micaela J. ,   Hospital Municipal de Agudos Dr. Leonidas Lucero, Ciccioli Fabiana ,   Hospital Municipal de Agudos Dr. Leonidas Lucero, Montenegro Fernandez Micaela G. ,   Hospital Municipal de Agudos Dr. Leonidas Lucero, Monrroy Miro Wendy E. , Malisia Valentina T. ,   Hospital Municipal de Agudos Dr. Leonidas Lucero, Grassi Nicolas A. ,   Hospital Municipal de Agudos Dr. Leonidas Lucero, Zelaya de Leon Nazareno I. ,   Hospital Municipal de Agudos Dr. Leonidas Lucero, Espinoza Franco E. ,   Hospital Municipal de Agudos Dr. Leonidas Lucero, Otamendi Marina ,   Hospital Municipal de Agudos Dr. Leonidas Lucero, Zorzano Osinalde Paula ,   Hospital Municipal de Agudos Dr. Leonidas Lucero, Petasny Marcos ,   Hospital Municipal de Agudos Dr. Leonidas Lucero
Published: April 2024

Introduction: International guidelines on aid prior to invasive procedures usually generate longer aid than in intensive care (IT) patients. This fact represents a high risk of malnutrition and, consequently, a worse prognosis. The objective of the present investigation was to analyze the degree of association between the fasting time prior to tracheostomy of patients under mechanical ventilatory assistance (MVA) and the appearance of pneumonia. Methods: Retrospective cohort study that included patients admitted to our IT from 10/01/2018 to 08/31/2022 and with a tracheostomy performed. Two cohorts were defined characterized by fasting ≤3 hours vs. >3 hours. Fisher's exact test and Mann-Whitney test were used for bivariate analysis. A p value <0.05 was shown to be significant. Results: 141 patients were hospitalized with a tracheostomy, 9 were excluded, leaving 132 patients. The cohort with fasting ≤3 hours was made up of 15 patients and the one with fasting >3 hours was made up of 117, the latter presented an average fast of 2.5 hours (IR 2-3), days of AVM prior to the procedure of 13 days (IR 12-18), while the other cohort presented an average fast of 6 hours (IR 5-8), days of AVM prior to the procedure of 12 days (IR 10-14.5). When analyzing the association between the type of fasting and the appearance of pneumonia, an OR of 0.958 (95% CI: 0.32-2.87) was obtained, p value of 0.743. Conclusions: No significant differences were found regarding fasting time and the appearance of pneumonia as referred to in the international literature.
Associated factors with jaundice requiring phototherapy: a case-control study in a hospital in Peru
Authors:   Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas, Huambo Panduro María C. , Ramirez-Ortega Andrea P. ,   Universidad Ricardo Palma, Roldan-Arbieto Luis ,   Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas, Vela-Ruiz José M. ,   Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas
Published: April 2024

Objective: To determine the factors associated with jaundice requiring phototherapy. Material and Methods: An observational, analytical, and retrospective case-control study was conducted. Medical records of 212 patients aged 0 to 7 days from the neonatology service at Hospital Carlos Lanfranco La Hoz were reviewed, divided into 106 cases (with phototherapy) and 106 controls (without phototherapy). Results: Preterm neonates showed a significant association with an OR: 5.526; 95% CI (2.038-14.981), P= 0.001; and ABO incompatibility had an OR: 4.373, 95% CI (1.934-9.889), P= 0.001. However, birth weight, Rh incompatibility, neonatal sepsis, maternal urinary tract infection, and maternal anemia were not associated with the need for phototherapy. Conclusions: There is an association between preterm neonates and ABO incompatibility with the requirement for phototherapy.
Toxic megacolon. Case report
Authors:   Hospital Santa Rosa, Sernaque Mechato Roger A. , Castillo Arias Stephanie T. ,   Hospital Santa Rosa, Ñaupari Jara Silvana RS. ,   Hospital Santa Rosa, Mendoza Barreto Flor M. ,   Hospital Santa Rosa
Published: April 2024

Toxic megacolon is a fatal disease, most commonly occurring as a complication of inflammatory bowel disease, infections, and intestinal ischemia. It is characterized by the presence of bloody diarrhea, abdominal distension, signs of systemic toxicity, and segmental colonic dilation is observed in imaging studies. The diagnosis according to Jalan's criteria are: colonic dilation more than 6cm, three of the following: fever, tachycardia, leukocytosis or anemia, and any of the following criteria: hypotension, hypovolemia, electrolyte disorder and altered mental status. This article presents the case of a female patient who was admitted with abdominal pain and chronic diarrhea with an imaging study showing dilation of the entire colonic framework. The corresponding studies were carried out which indicated that she had a toxic megacolon due to colitis. ulcerative, receives medical treatment with favorable evolution, is discharged and readmitted for septic shock, studies are performed and Clostridium difficile infection is identified, antibiotic treatment is started but the evolution is unfavorable, which caused the death of the patient. The present case represents the high mortality of this disease.
Breast Cancer Awareness and Practice of Self-Breast Examination among Biochemistry Students in Federal University Birnin Kebbi Nigeria
Authors: Umar Sulaiman , Abdulkarim Sabiu
Published: April 2024

Objectives:

The objectives of the study were to assess the breast cancer awareness and practice of self-breast examination amongst female biochemistry students and to find out the statistically significant association between their level of practice regarding self-breast examination with their selected sociodemographic variables.

Materials and Methods:

The research design used for this study was a descriptive survey, purposive sampling technique was used to select 60 Biochemistry Students at Federal University Birnin Kebbi, Nigeria. This research was conducted within ten months (from January 2023 to October 2023). Data were collected using structures related to breast cancer awareness and the practice of self-breast examination. The collected data were tabulated in Excel and transported to IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 20.0.

Results:

The results showed that the majority of 38 (63.3%) had moderate, 17 (28.3%) had adequate and only 5 (8.3%) had an inadequate level of awareness regarding breast cancer. Therefore, the H0:1 hypothesis was rejected, whereas the H1:1 hypothesis was accepted. The results revealed that, out of 60 (100%) respondents, all of them had a positive attitude toward self-breast examination. Hence, the H0:2 hypothesis was rejected, whereas the H1:2 hypothesis was accepted. The results showed that there was a statistically significant association between their levels of awareness regarding breast cancer with their selected sociodemographic variables such as area of residence (urban) P < 0.001. Hence, the H0:3 hypothesis was rejected, whereas the H1:3 hypothesis was accepted.

Conclusion:

There was a statistically significant association between their levels of awareness regarding breast cancer with their selected sociodemographic variables such as area of residence (urban). The recommendation was given to conduct a similar study in a different setting using a large sample for generalisation of the findings.
Special subject in criminal proceedings
Authors: Kuzmin I. P. , Pavlova A. A.
Published: April 2024

The article considers groups of special subjects of criminal proceedings established by the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation. The authors, having examined in detail the signs that allow them to be attributed to persons having a special procedural mechanism for criminal prosecution, come to the conclusion that this mechanism, which provides as an integral part and at the same time a way to ensure the inviolability of these persons, complicated in comparison with the usual procedure for bringing to criminal responsibility, is generally justified in relation to the categories of persons considered
Marine environmental protection in mineral resource development in the Arctic zone of Russia
Authors: Yakovleva Т. A.
Published: April 2024

International and environmental law in Russia does not provide a preventive and precautionary approach to forestall degradation of the marine environment and the “polluter pays” principle at the present stage. The author proposes supplementing international environmental law in the investigated area with an approach based on the principle that the polluter not only pays but also restores. Improvement of approaches and principles of international law will be the basis for changing Russian legislation and legislation of other countries in order to prevent degradation of the marine environment. After an oil spill, the coastal waters of the seas and their ecosystems are the most vulnerable; therefore, the national legislation of states is primarily interested in legal regulation of marine environmental protection in case of oil and petroleum product spills. The legal obligation on oil and gas producing companies to carry out measures to remediate the marine environment will require them to finance scientific research, search and develop new technologies for the safe development of subsoil resources and restoration of the marine environment. This study is a comprehensive analysis of the scientific research results in the field of biology, environmental protection, protection of water bodies, marine environment, as well as international and Russian environmental law governing relations in the field of marine environment protection during the development of mineral deposits on the continental shelf, internal sea waters, in the territorial sea and the adjacent zone of the Russian Federation.
National-cultural associations in the context of the state national policy of the region
Authors: Avvakumov A. E. , Parfenova O. A.
Published: April 2024

The authors in this paper consider the role and purpose of modern national-cultural associations. At the same time, the framework for the activities of national-cultural associations is strictly established – the principles and tasks of the state national policy. In the course of the study, it turns out that modern national-cultural associations in the Russian Federation play a special systemic role in the implementation of the state national policy. This circumstance is clarified through a systematic approach, which was proposed by fundamental researchers in political science. The paper presents an overview of several national organizations. The relevance of the chosen topic is due to the fact that the state national policy, which is essentially a framework for the activities of national-cultural associations, is an important area of the domestic policy of the Russian Federation. The research problem lies in the fact that national-cultural associations as an institution of civil society in the political sphere as a whole have been little studied, which is why their role remains insufficiently clear in scientific and public circles. Due to the lack of understanding of the essence and role of national-cultural associations in public opinion, their significance is belittled, and their activities are also possibly and negatively assessed. The novelty of this study lies in an attempt to determine the place of national-cultural associations in the conduct of state national policy. Methods and approaches. This work includes political and legal analysis, structural and institutional analysis and comparative analysis of political science. Also in the study, general scientific methods of the theoretical level of scientific knowledge are used, such as: deduction, induction, analysis and synthesis. In the course of the study, the main preference is given to a systematic approach to explain the role of national-cultural associations in the implementation of the state national policy. The purpose of this work is to determine the role of national-cultural associations in the system of state policy of the Russian Federation. Tasks: 1. Find out the functions and concept of national-cultural associations; 2. Review official documents on state national policy; 3. Comparison of the tasks of the Strategy of the state national policy of the Russian Federation with the tasks and functions of national-cultural associations; 4. Analyze the specifics and characteristics of the regions in which national-cultural associations operate.
Artificial General Intelligence: threats and development prospects in the implementation of the law
Authors: Shadrin V. V. , Spiridonov A. I.
Published: April 2024

The article is devoted to the role of artificial intelligence in the implementation of the law, in particular, the problem of the development of “strong” artificial intelligence (English Artificial General Intelligence – AGI) is touched upon. Unlike currently existing models of “weak” artificial intelligence, AGI is able to start performing those functions that were not originally envisaged, requiring a common approach and generalized knowledge about the world around us at the moment. The authors investigated the threats in the use of artificial intelligence at the moment and the prospects for the development of “strong” artificial intelligence in the context of the implementation of the law. It is concluded that behind the “strong” artificial intelligence lies practically the potential of opportunities, the favorable and negative consequences of its use depend on how the state and society dispose of the received technologies.
Protection of historical truth: legal regulation
Authors: Egorova U. P. , Vasiliev K. E.
Published: April 2024

In recent years, attempts to falsify Russian and world history, distort historical truth and destroy historical memory have become more frequent. As a result, amendments to the Constitution of the Russian Federation in 2020 introduced a new norm regulating processes aimed at preventing, disclosing and suppressing distortions of historical facts, events and personalities of our Motherland. The creation of a new legal mechanism for the protection of historical truth contributes to the formation of the historical memory of the nation, the strengthening of national identity.
Constitutional and legal issues of traditional russian spiritual and moral values: the case of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia)
Authors: Koryakin K. D.
Published: April 2024

The article deals with the issues of preservation and development of spiritual and moral values. In modern conditions, against the background of restrictive economic measures and complex foreign policy relations with foreign states, the issue of preserving and strengthening traditional Russian spiritual and moral values becomes paramount.
The administrative and legal status of a higher educational institution: features and problems
Authors: Petrova-Yadreeva Ya. A.
Published: April 2024

The administrative and legal status of a university is an important component of its activities. This article discusses the problems of the administrative and legal status of a university and possible ways to solve it. We are talking about the need to ensure the autonomy and independence of the educational institution, control the quality of the educational process, finance universities and ensure the rights of students and employees. The article also points out the importance of developing and applying appropriate legislation that would guarantee the autonomy of universities and ensure their effective functioning and development.
Tungus-manchus in the history of ethnogenesis of the sakha people
Authors: Vinokurova I. S. , Zhelobtsov F. F.
Published: April 2024

The article is devoted to the rather complex and confusing topic of the formation of the Sakha (Yakut) ethnic group. This complexity stems from the equally obvious role and influence of the autochthonous Tungus-Manchu tribes. As is known, Tungus-speaking tribes are divided into two large groups: northern and southern. The northern group is mainly represented by the Tungus (Evenks) of Yakutia. The southern group includes the Tungus-speaking tribes of the Amur region and Sakhalin Island. Studying the history, life and way of life of the largest of the Paleo-Asian peoples – the Tungus (Evenks) – will help restore a more complete picture of the history of not only the Lena region, but also the whole of Central Asia.
R. I. Mestnikov as a front-line soldier, teacher, dean
Authors: Ermolaeva Yu. N. , Kryzhanovskaya T. V.
Published: April 2024

The article is dedicated to thelife and activities of Roman Mestnikov, a war veteran, teacher and head of the department of World History. When writing a work, a personal approach is used in studying the activities of an individual scholar.
The secret ancestor of the sakha people
Authors: Zhelobtsov F. F. , Adamova A. T.
Published: April 2024

The truth in any matter is achieved as a result of long and persistent discussions. The relevance of the topic proposed by the authors lies in the debatable perspective on the history of the ethnogenesis of the Sakha people. The purpose of this article is the desire of the authors to contribute to the understanding of the issue of the participation of the Khoro tribes in the formation of the Yakut ethnic group, which would contribute to the solution of many “blank spots” in the history of the entire Lena region. The scarcity of the written historiographical base makes it possible to highlight only some aspects of the ancient history of the peoples of the region.
Simulation of Elliptical Curve Cryptography in IPSec on Ad-Hoc Networks
Authors: Althobaiti Hamad , Adas Ahmed
Published: April 2024

Ad-hoc networks have gained significant attention in the realm of communication due to the proliferation of mobile and IoT devices and wireless networks. Ad hoc Networks offer a decentralized approach, where each node can function as a router and a terminal. Ensuring data safety and integrity in Ad hoc Networks remains a challenge, necessitating the use of robust security mechanisms. This research focuses on the simulation of Elliptical Curve Cryptography (ECC) in the IPsec protocol on ad-hoc networks. ECC, known for its strong security and smaller key sizes, provides an effective means of protecting data packets from potential attacks. The Ad hoc On Demand Multipath Distance Vector (AODV) routing protocol is employed for secure data transmission in a Ad hoc Networks. The main objective is to maintain packet security in the face of hostile environments and active adversaries. Furthermore, the results obtained from the NS-2 simulator are compared with  Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), and Rivest-Shamir-Adleman (RSA). Evaluation metrics such as Quality of Service (QoS), average processing time, and average end-to-end delay are utilized. This study addresses the challenges faced by ad-hoc networks in an increasingly digital world. By exploring the implementation of ECC-based cryptography, it contributes to the development of secure communication protocols in ad-hoc networks. The findings offer insights into the efficacy of ECC in protecting data transmission and its comparative performance with other cryptographic techniques. Ultimately, this research aims to advance secure communication protocols, ensuring reliable data exchange in diverse applications and scenarios.
Anastrozole is not Always Successful in Preventing Endometrial Hyperplasia in Patients with Estrogen (+) Breast Cancer – Case Report
Authors:   University Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics, Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia, V Antovska , D Dabeski ,   University Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics, Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia, NS Islami ,   University Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics, Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia, S Sehfulahi ,   University Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics, Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia, A Shabani ,   University Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics, Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia, E Sozovska ,   University Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics, Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia, I Malahova ,   University Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics, Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia
Published: April 2024

Breast cancer is the most common malignancy among women. Anastrozole is the recommended therapeutic for long-term postoperative therapy in postmenopausal women with estrogen (+) breast cancer. Its advantage over Tamoxifen lies in the fact that it does not have a stimulating effect on the proliferation of the endometrium, and therefore does not represent a risk for the development of endometrial atypia and endometrial cancer. However, it is not always 100% effective in suppressing endometrial proliferation and anaplasia. Our case shows exactly the same situation. In our case, endometrial atypia was diagnosed despite Anastrazole therapy for estrogen (+) breast cancer. The lesson that can be drawn from our case is that cases that are on long-term hormonal therapy with Anastrazole due to previous estrogen (+) breast cancer should be vigilantly monitored for the possible development of premalignant and malignant endometrial changes, including ultrasound gynecological examination at least once/6 months and, if necessary, performance of fractional exploratory curettage.
A Case of BRAF V600E Mutation and Targeted Therapy in Borderline Ovarian Serous Cystadenoma
Authors:   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Clinical Research Center for Obstetric and Gynecologic Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, China, JX Min , HY Yuan ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Clinical Research Center for Obstetric and Gynecologic Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, China
Published: April 2024

Background: Borderline ovarian serous cystadenoma with 30% BRAF mutation is common in young women. Although surgery is generally the treatment of choice, surgery or repeated surgery can reduce a woman’s fertility and ovarian reserve. Therefore, it is critical to explore other treatment measures besides surgery. Case Presentation: We herein describe the clinical outcome and significance of a 41-year-old patient with a BRAF V600E mutation in borderline ovarian serous cystadenoma after treatment with a BRAF inhibitor. Conclusion: A BRAF inhibitor may be effective in patients with borderline ovarian serous cystadenoma with BRAF V600E mutation.
Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome: Severe Form (About a Case)
Authors:   Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Mohammed VI, Oujda, Morocco, Chaib Rajae Nen , Mekkaoui Ikram ,   Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Mohammed VI, Oujda, Morocco, Chetouani Zaima ,   Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Mohammed VI, Oujda, Morocco, Kaba Ousmane ,   Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Mohammed VI, Oujda, Morocco, Markaoui Ikam ,   Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Mohammed VI, Oujda, Morocco, Elmezzeoui Sanae ,   Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Mohammed VI, Oujda, Morocco, Bkiyar Houssam ,   Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Mohammed VI, Oujda, Morocco, Housni Brahim ,   Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Mohammed VI, Oujda, Morocco
Published: April 2024

Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome is an iatrogenic complication of assisted reproductive technology and is characterised by cystic ovarian hypertrophy and fluid displacement from the intravascular space to a third space due to increased capillary permeability and ovarian neoangiogenesis. The mortality rate is not zero and is mainly related to the occurrence of thromboembolic accidents with the particularity of affecting both venous and arterial territories. Severe forms may require prolonged hospitalization in intensive care and the curative treatment is purely symptomatic.
Herbal Remedies for Mitigating Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Brief Review
Authors:   Department of Zoology, Gauhati University, India, R Ahmed , JC Kalita ,   Department of Zoology, Gauhati University, India
Published: April 2024

Background: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a common gynecological, endocrine, and metabolic disorder of unknown etiology. It is a complex endocrine illness that is marked by reduced development of follicles, hyperandrogenemia, insulin resistivity, infertility, increased luteinizing hormone, obesity, and augmented cystic ovaries. Objective: This review aimed to assess the efficacy of herbal and bioactive components of medicinal plants for mitigating PCOS. Materials and Methods: To conduct this review, keywords like “herbal treatment”, “ayurvedic treatment”, “bioactive components of medicinal plants”, “polycystic ovary syndrome”, and “PCOS” were used to search for various articles in search engines such as Google Scholar, PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, Elsevier from 1992 to 2023. Results: More than 28 relevant studies were found and were briefly described in this review. According to the evidence, medicinal plant extracts containing phytoestrogens and these herbal treatments in animal models of PCOS were used to decrease hyperandrogenism, restoration of abnormalities in serum sex steroid profile, ratio of LH: FSH, steroidogenic enzymes, cardiovascular parameters, insulin resistance, ovary weight, lipid profile, and estrous cycles. Conclusion: The results of this review revealed the variability and efficacy of phytoestrogen activity and herbal treatments associated with PCOS disorder which can be partly effective. These findings may represent an opportunity to investigate and discover new bioactive components of medicinal plants which may help future studies on the etiology, pathophysiology and treatment of PCOS disorder.