bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gene-editing technologies for developing climate resilient rice crops in sub-Saharan Africa: Political priorities and space for responsible innovation
Authors: Shilomboleni Helena , Ismail Abdelbagi M.
Published: May 2023

Over the last 2 decades, rice has become one of the most important staple crops for sub-Saharan Africa. Estimates show that average consumption of rice has tripled over the last 3 decades, from 9.2 million metric tons (Mt) in the early 1990s to 31.5 million Mt in 2018, with West and Central Africa accounting for nearly two-thirds of this share. The demand for rice, however, has placed an enormous economic burden on African countries, whereby they spent over USD 5.5 billion per year on rice imports over the past few years. To address this challenge, over 32 countries have established National Rice Development Strategies to increase local production and to achieve rice self-sufficiency. Several of these countries have shown policy interest to use modern biotechnological advancements, including gene editing, to ensure increases in rice productivity and reduce food imports, in the context of extreme climate vulnerability and acceleration of the effects of biotic and abiotic stresses. This review article examines the role of biotechnology in African countries’ efforts to achieve rice self-sufficiency, particularly the potential for genome-editing technologies toward the genetic improvement of rice and to Africa’s nascent research programs. This article notes that while gene editing offers important advances in crop breeding, like genetic engineering, it faces some persistent sociopolitical challenges and low societal acceptability. As such, international partnerships advancing genome editing in Africa’s rice-subsectors development could benefit from adopting key principles from “responsible research and innovation” to help these projects achieve their potential, while bringing about more inclusive and reflexive processes that strive to anticipate the benefits and limits associated with new biotechnologies as they relate to local contexts. Such an approach could create the necessary political space to test and assess the benefits (and risks) related to adopting gene-editing technologies in Africa’s rice sectors.
eIF3 mRNA selectivity profiling reveals eIF3k as a cancer‐relevant regulator of ribosome content
Authors: Duan Haoran , Zhang Siqiong , Zarai Yoram , Öllinger Rupert , Wu Yanmeng , Sun Li , Hu Cheng , He Yaohui , Tian Guiyou , Rad Roland , Kong Xiangquan , Cheng Yabin , Tuller Tamir , Wolf Dieter A
Published: May 2023

eIF3, whose subunits are frequently overexpressed in cancer, regulates mRNA translation from initiation to termination, but mRNA‐selective functions of individual subunits remain poorly defined. Using multiomic profiling upon acute depletion of eIF3 subunits, we observed that while eIF3a, b, e, and f markedly differed in their impact on eIF3 holo‐complex formation and translation, they were each required for cancer cell proliferation and tumor growth. Remarkably, eIF3k showed the opposite pattern with depletion promoting global translation, cell proliferation, tumor growth, and stress resistance through repressing the synthesis of ribosomal proteins, especially RPS15A. Whereas ectopic expression of RPS15A mimicked the anabolic effects of eIF3k depletion, disruption of eIF3 binding to the 5′‐UTR of RSP15A mRNA negated them. eIF3k and eIF3l are selectively downregulated in response to endoplasmic reticulum and oxidative stress. Supported by mathematical modeling, our data uncover eIF3k‐l as a mRNA‐specific module which, through controlling RPS15A translation, serves as a rheostat of ribosome content, possibly to secure spare translational capacity that can be mobilized during stress.
Fuel oxidation under the control of mitochondrial shape and dynamics
Authors: Seifert Erin L , Hajnóczky György
Published: May 2023

How mitochondrial shape and substrate‐specific metabolism are related has been a difficult question to address. Here, new work by Ngo et al (2023) reports that mitochondrial shape—long versus fragmented—determines the activity of β‐oxidation of long‐chain fatty acids, supporting a novel role for mitochondrial fission products as β‐oxidation hubs.
Skeletal muscle delimited myopathy and verapamil toxicity in SUR2 mutant mouse models of AIMS
Authors: McClenaghan Conor , Mukadam Maya A , Roeglin Jacob , Tryon Robert C , Grabner Manfred , Dayal Anamika , Meyer Gretchen A , Nichols Colin G
Published: May 2023

ABCC9‐related intellectual disability and myopathy syndrome (AIMS) arises from loss‐of‐function (LoF) mutations in the ABCC9 gene, which encodes the SUR2 subunit of ATP‐sensitive potassium (KATP) channels. KATP channels are found throughout the cardiovascular system and skeletal muscle and couple cellular metabolism to excitability. AIMS individuals show fatigability, muscle spasms, and cardiac dysfunction. We found reduced exercise performance in mouse models of AIMS harboring premature stop codons in ABCC9. Given the roles of KATP channels in all muscles, we sought to determine how myopathy arises using tissue‐selective suppression of KATP and found that LoF in skeletal muscle, specifically, underlies myopathy. In isolated muscle, SUR2 LoF results in abnormal generation of unstimulated forces, potentially explaining painful spasms in AIMS. We sought to determine whether excessive Ca2+ influx through CaV1.1 channels was responsible for myopathology but found that the Ca2+ channel blocker verapamil unexpectedly resulted in premature death of AIMS mice and that rendering CaV1.1 channels nonpermeable by mutation failed to reverse pathology; results which caution against the use of calcium channel blockers in AIMS.
Analysis of Maternal Predisposing Factors with The Incidence of LBW in Central Java
Authors: Kujariningrum Oktavia Beni , Winarni Sri , Mawarni Atik , Najib Najib
Published: May 2023

Abstract. In Central Java, the prevalence of LBW (Low Birth Weight) has increased from 4.3 (2018) to 4.7 (2019) and be the biggest cause of neonatal mortality (46.4%) and infant mortality (40.5%). The aim of this research is to analyze the relationship between quality of ANC (Antenatal Care), iron supplementation, pregnancy complications, and maternal smoking status with LBW in Central Java. This research was an analytical study used secondary data from the 2017 IDHS (Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey). The sampling design used purposive sampling.Population study was 1205 babies born in Central Java. The sample comprised 952 babies. Independent variables were the quality of ANC, iron supplementation, pregnancy complications, and maternal smoking status, with the incidence of LBW as dependent variable. Data analysis was performed by chi-square continuity correction and logistic regression. Pregnancy complications have been associated with the incidences of LBW in Central Java (p-value = 0.0001). Iron supplementation (OR = 2.474) and pregnancy complications (OR = 4.869) had an effect on the incidence of LBW in Central Java. Iron supplementation and pregnancy complications influenced the incidence of LBW in Central Java.
Relationship between Nutritional Status and Living Conditions with the Risk of Tuberculosis in Children
Authors: Farsida Farsida , Febrianti Raesta , Lutfy Nadya , Rahmini Rahmini , Syahniar Rike
Published: May 2023

Children are very susceptible to TB infection. One of the causes of TB in children is nutritional status. Poor one causes a weak immune system, making contracting tuberculosis easier. In addition, living conditions can spread to children due to contact with active pulmonary TB in one household. This study aims to determine the relationship between nutritional status and living conditions with TB incidence in children. This case-control study involved 76 samples consisting of 38 cases and 38 controls. Research subjects were taken using the purposive sampling method. The subjects were children aged 0-18 years diagnosed with TB based on anamnesis, physical examination, tuberculin skin test, and chest X-ray. This study was conducted at Bhakti Medicare Sukabumi Hospital from July to December 2019. The results of the Chi-square test found that there was a relationship between nutritional status (p=0.023), ventilation area (p=0.043), and humidity (p=0.001). There is no relationship between age (p=0.639), gender (0.490), parental education (p=0.803), lighting (p=0.200), temperature (0.260), density (p=1.000), and type of floor (p=0.240).
Communication, Information, and Education on Self-Awareness about Marriage Age Maturation among Adolescent Girls
Authors: Saudah Noer , Lestari Indah , Frilasari Heni , Abidin Chasiru Zainal , Lutfi Sandi Yudisa Diaz , Setiawan Henri , Andarini Esti
Published: May 2023

Indonesia has the highest rate of early marriage in the world, according to a UNICEF study, placing 15th out of 63 countries. Child marriage will make it much harder for Indonesia to obtain a high human development index and meet sustainable development goals. To determine whether Communication, Information, and Education (CIE) regarding maturing age at marriage through the Interprofessional Education (IPE) approach affected the students' self-awareness. An experimental study with one group pre-test and post-test design was conducted on 121 participants. They were selected using random sampling from 16-30th August 2021 in Hidayatul Mubtadiat Islamic boarding school, Puri sub-district, Mojokerto district, East Java province, Indonesia. The intervention group attended a workshop led by a religious leader, psychologist, and maternity nursing lecturer, completed by a follow-up program. The data was collected using the self-awareness questionnaire modified from the Situational Self-Awareness Scale (SSAS). IBM SPSS (v.28) was used to analyze the data, including statistical tests such as descriptive statistics and a paired t-test for comparing the mean scores. A 5% level of significance was considered. After interventions, there was a significant self-awareness score improvement (p-value 0.000 and T value = -15.9). The participants had self-awareness in the good category of 60.3 %. Up from 17.4 % before the intervention with a change in mean + standard deviation (SD) pre-post 57.8 + 7.2 to 66.2 + 7.0. Meanwhile, the number of participants who had less self-awareness before the intervention (42.1%) decreased to 5% after the intervention. The study's findings verified the effectiveness of the CIE strategy to enhance self-awareness among adolescent girls using the IPE method. The supply of CIE on the maturity of marriage age with an interprofessional education approach is the proper step to raise adolescents' self-awareness in the right decision-making process. So that they can avoid early marriage deliberately and independently.
Knowledge and Perceptions Role Towards Modern Male Contraceptives Use in Indonesia
Authors: Yulianti Titis Risti , Siregar Kemal Nazarudin , Herdayati Milla , Supradewi Indra
Published: May 2023

The use of men's modern contraceptives is much lower than among women in Indonesia and there are quite large differences when compared to several countries in Asia because the use of men's modern contraceptives from 2002-2012 in Indonesia was always low due to a lack of knowledge and negative perception about Family Planning. This study aimed to determine the role of knowledge and perceptions of family planning for use of men's modern contraceptives in Indonesia. This research method used a cross-sectional design on a secondary basis based on the 2017 IDHS. The result of this study is that there is a relationship between knowledge and perception of family planning in the use of men's modern contraceptives after being controlled by education level, area of residence, and fertility preferences. This study concludes that married men who use modern contraceptives are those who have good knowledge and positive perceptions about family planning, which are found in married men who have a high level of education, live in urban areas, and do not want to have children anymore. This study recommends a special male family planning program based on gender justice by prioritizing special substances regarding family planning knowledge and perceptions.
Determinants of Unplanned Pregnancy in Married Women in North Sumatra Province
Authors: Hutasoit Evalina Franciska , Sitorus Muhammad Ancha , Siregar Putra Apriadi , Ginting Siti Kusyiah
Published: May 2023

Unplanned pregnancy remains a public health problem as it negatively affects fetal development and adversely impacts the mother and child’s health. In the efforts to reduce maternal dan infant mortality, as well as improve maternal health, unplanned pregnancy occurs due to several factors such as age, knowledge, contraceptive failures, and finances. The study aimed to determine the factors associated with the incidence of unwanted pregnancy. This study implemented a cross-sectional design using secondary data from the 2019 Program Performance and Accountability Survey of North Sumatra Province. The bivariate analysis was performed through a simple logistic regression. Multiple logistic regression was performed in multivariate analysis. The result showed that there were 21.3% of women reported their last pregnancy as an unplanned pregnancy. The study concluded that factors associated with an unplanned pregnancy are age at the last pregnancy, wealth at a lower index, having two or more children, and not working. Having two or more children is the most dominant factor in an unplanned pregnancy.
Knowledge and Calcium Intake to the Risk of Scoliosis at Boarding School Students
Authors: Lubis Zidni Imanurrohmah , Khamidah Annisa Nurlaili , Yuliadarwati Nungki Marlian
Published: May 2023

Teenagers in the modern era often have improper sitting positions, which will affect posture abnormalities, namely scoliosis. Scoliosis occurs due to many factors, such as information obtained from knowledge. In addition, there are nutritional factors obtained from calcium intake because a deficiency will affect bone density. This study aims to understand the relationship between knowledge and calcium intake with the risk of scoliosis in adolescents. The method used was an analytic observational study and a cross-sectional study design. Thirty-five students were chosen by purposive sampling. The respondent checked using Adam Forward Bending Test Checklist and the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). All data were processed using SPSS. The results of the correlation test from the Spearman-rho test on the knowledge variable with a significance value of 0.309 (p0.05) and the calcium intake variable of 0.624 (p0.05) concluded that H1 was rejected and H0 was accepted, which means there is no relationship between knowledge and calcium intake on the risk of scoliosis in adolescents. This study concluded that there is no relationship between knowledge and calcium intake on the risk of scoliosis in adolescents. But the long-term effects of insufficient calcium intake need further investigation.
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Isolated Systolic Hypertension among Diabetes Mellitus Subjects; a national cross-sectional study in Indonesia
Authors: Azam Mahalul , Hidayati Fetty Nur , Fibriana Arulita Ika , Bahrudin Udin , Aljunid Syed Mohamed
Published: May 2023

Isolated systolic hypertension (ISH) reflects atherosclerosis. Studies reported hypertension prevalence among diabetes mellitus (DM); however, limited studies provided community prevalence. Present study aimed to explore ISH prevalence among DM in Indonesia. This study obtained data from the 2018 Indonesian basic health survey. The DM category was determined by fasting plasma glucose (PG) level ≥126 mg/dL or 2-hours postprandial and random PG level ≥200 mg/dL or previously diagnosed by a doctor. ISH is categorized if systolic blood pressure is≥140 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure is 90 mmHg. This study also explored the subject's determinants, i.e., compliance, demography, and lipid profile. A Chi-square and Binary logistic regression were used to determine the association. The study included 3,911 DM individuals and disclosed the prevalence of ISH 17.5%. ≥65 years old (OR=13.61 95%CI: 3.297-19.365) and 45-64 years old OR=4.59 95%CI: 3.297-6.383)), high HDL-cholesterol (OR=0.77; 95%CI: 0.626-0.936), and longer DM duration (OR=2.89; 95%CI: 2.405-3.474), all together were related to the ISH.  Subjects with the oldest age category, i.e., ≥65 years old, had the highest OR. Older DM individuals with low HDL-C and longer DM duration were related to the ISH, suggesting lipid profile treatments, mainly the HDL-C, is a pivotal effort to delay ISH.
La insistencia de la muerte en la vida: Hegel después de Heidegger
Authors: Rühle V.
Published: May 2023

La crítica de Heidegger, según la cual Hegel habría sometido la muerte a las consecuencias lógicas del pensamiento especulativo, y con ello, arrancado el aguijón de su negatividad, pertenece hoy en día al acervo de la confrontación con él. No obstante, leyendo a Hegel después de Heidegger, y a la vista del irresuelto problema de la reflexión de éste sobre la muerte, el concepto de Hegel sobre la muerte se muestra bajo una nueva luz. Puesto que es precisamente el hecho de que él no sustrae desde un principio la negatividad de la muerte al pensamiento lo que le permite conceptualizarla como una dimensión inmanente, evanescente y cambiante en la vida. Sólo con ello se hace comprensible que la muerte no es tan sólo una negación absoluta de la vida, sino también una exigencia incondicional, que rige la vida y que es constitutiva de su “forma” temporal.
Ideal, identidad e identificación: aproximaciones desde lo inconsciente y lo político
Authors: González de Araújo L. S.
Published: May 2023

La presente comunicación tiene por objeto retomar el estudio del mutuo inferir de lo político y lo inconsciente en la sociedad actual, a través del análisis de lo que llamaremos el complejo I, tejido compuesto por los conceptos ideal, identidad e identificación. Sirviéndonos de parte de los aparatos teóricos de Lacan y Deleuze, se mostrará cómo el sujeto (en su inexpugnable performatividad y dependencia del Otro/otro social) se halla determinado por innumerables trazos de identificación colectiva autorizados por aquel que ocupa la posición de ideal en el sistema de producción-reproducción social y activados sobre el “acolchamiento” de los distintos significantes que configuran las significaciones imaginarias sociales dominantes y modelan los procesos de identidad. Con todo ello, se intentará mostrar el modo en que tales mecanismos se ven alterados progresivamente por la axiomática propia del capitalismo y cómo las respectivas formaciones de lo inconsciente y lo político (en sus múltiples articulaciones discursivas) han derivado en una triple crisis de esta red ideal-identificación-identidad que conduce a la expropiación de lo común de la comunidad misma y a la consiguiente alienación del sujeto en su propia forma de desear.
Ciencia y técnica en Heidegger
Authors: Manuel Hernández S.
Published: May 2023

El objetivo de este artículo es realizar una exégesis sobre la ciencia y la técnica en el pensamiento de Martin Heidegger. Se presenta la interrelación entre Modernidad, Metafísica e “Imagen del mundo”; así como el surgimiento de Das Gestell. El análisis se sustenta en la idea de que hay un continuum de las tesis sobre el problema del Ser hacia la pregunta por la esencia de la técnica.
La superación lógica y mística del límite entre yo y mundo: nuevas lecturas del Tractatus de Wittgenstein
Authors: Ruíz Abánades J.
Published: May 2023

Este texto pretende acercar la filosofía del “primer” Wittgenstein al movimiento de reacción contra los presupuestos metafísicos y epistemológicos de la Modernidad, equiparándolo de cierto modo con las filosofías de Hegel o Nietzsche. En particular, el artículo se centra en la problemática del dualismo cartesiano –la distinción entre Yo y Mundo–, y ofrece una relectura del Tractatus en la que dicha distinción resulta asimilada y superada.
Entre el estructuralismo y su post: modelos de significación en Roland Barthes
Authors: García Murillo R.
Published: May 2023

La obra de Roland Barthes se ha prestado a muy heterogéneas clasificaciones entre las que destacan aquellas que la adscriben al estructuralismo y al postestructuralismo. Aunque Barthes aceptó el calificativo de estructuralista, e incluso lo empleó para referirse a algunos de sus textos, lo hizo a partir de una concepción muy precisa del estructuralismo, vinculada estrechamente con su interés por los mecanismos de significación. El objetivo de este artículo es examinar tal concepción del estructuralismo desarrollada por Barthes y determinar en qué medida puede aplicarse a su propio pensamiento.
The Effect of Social Capital in the Intimate Partner Violence in Adolescents from an Intersectionality Perspective
Authors: G. Abiétar Daniel , Sánchez Martínez Francesca , Juárez Olga , Trujillo Alemán Sara , Forcadell Lluís , Vives Cases Carmen , Sanz Barbero Belén , Pérez Martínez Vanesa , Davó Blanes María del Carmen , López María José , Pérez Glòria
Published: May 2023

Background: Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a complex social phenomenon widely studied. However, few of these studies consider social capital and intersectionality. Our aim was to describe the effect of social capital in IPV victimisation among secondary students, considering three factors of intersectionality (sex assigned at birth, sexual orientation and migration background) in two cities of Spain in 2019-2020. Methods: We analysed a cross-sectional sample of 640 ever-partnered adolescents aged 13–16 years who had taken part in a programme for positive relationship. The main outcome was lifetime IPV (control, fear, physical or sexual violence). Individual and relational variables (bonding social capital) were used to calculate adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) from multivariate Robust Poisson regression models stratified by sex assigned at birth, sexual orientation and migration background (factors of intersectionality). Results: The highest IPV prevalence (56.25%) was found in lesbian, gay or bisexual (LGB) adolescents without social activity. LGB orientation was significantly associated with IPV victimisation in adolescents with low-income country (LIC) backgrounds (aPR: 1.93) and in girls (1.53). Finally, a LIC background was a significant determinant of IPV in boys (aPR: 1.76) and in students independently of sexual orientation. Higher social activity showed a protective effect for students with HIC backgrounds and LGB-sexual orientations. A possible protective effect of social support in HIC backgrounds and regardless of sex and sexual orientation must be considered. Conclusions: Social activity is unequally associated with less lifetime IPV. The strong association of migration background and sexual orientation with IPV reinforces the approach to its prevention in adolescents from an intersectionality perspective.
The contribution of a fruit tree-based agro forestry system for household income to smallholder farmers in dale District, Sidama zone, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Adane Fekede , Legesse Abayneh , Weldeamanuel Teshale , Belay Tefera
Published: May 2023

Fruit tree based agroforestry system has great roles to play in the livelihood improvement and it provides multiple contributions of household income and supplementary food for smallholder farmers. However, there is limited quantitative empirical evidence on the contribution of fruit based agroforestry system. Therefore, this study was initiated to examine fruit tree based agroforestry system and its contribution of household income for livelihood improvement in Dale District. Data was collected through a combination of focus group discussions, key informant interviews, household survey and field inventories. A total of 145 respondents from three kebeles were interviewed and data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics and econometric analysis. The results revealed that the status of fruit based agroforestry in the study area varies with land holding size. Fruit trees such as; Musa acuminate, Persea americana and Mangifera indica were the major types of tree species grown in the system in the study area. The contribution of fruit for poor, medium and rich households was 3166.8 Birr, 3713.8 Birr and 1380 Birr respectively. The fruit tree contributes 24.75% for poor HHs, 23.34% for medium HHs and 5.16% for rich HHs from the total income. The average income earned from fruit trees was 2754 Ethiopian Birr (ETB) per year. Besides, the result from the econometric analysis indicates that access to extension service, family size, land size, and the number of livestock influenced the income from fruit trees. Further studies of examining of the market value chain, areas of intervention along the chain and economic value of the fruit tree based agroforestry system including environmental function served by the system is needed to fully understand the contribution of fruit tree based agroforestry system and livelihood improvement
Tipe Sarang dan Sebaran Jenis Rayap (Isoptera) di Hutan Kota dan Perkebunan Sawit Wilayah Jambi
Authors: Johari Asni , Adawia Anggun Rabiatul , Wulandari Tia
Published: May 2023

AbstrakJenis sarang dan distribusi rayap di habitat alami dapat ditentukan oleh faktor lingkungan, salah satunya vegetasi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis tipe sarang dan pola sebaran rayap di Hutan Kota dan perkebunan kelapa sawit di Provinsi Jambi. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan metode purposive sampling yang disesuaikan dengan kondisi habitat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa di lokasi hutan kota ditemukan 79 koloni rayap dari 9 jenis dengan 4 tipe sarang, yaitu tipe gundukan, pohon, kayu mati, dan serasah. Jenis rayap yang ditemukan di hutan kota, yaitu Pericapritermes mohri, Termes rostratus, Microtermes sp., Odontotermes oblongatus, Hospitalitermes hospitalis, Longipeditermes longipes, Nasutitermes longinasus, Bulbitermes constrictoides, Prohamitermes sp. Di lokasi kawasan perkebunan kelapa sawit ditemukan 37 koloni rayap dari 7 jenis dengan 3 tipe sarang, yaitu tipe gundukan, pohon, dan kayu mati. Pola sebaran jenis rayap yang ditemukan di hutan kota mengelompok, seragam, dan pola penyebaran acak. Pola sebaran rayap di lokasi perkebunan kelapa sawit, hanya ditemukan tipe menyebar acak. Tipe sarang dan pola sebaran rayap lebih banyak ditemukan di lokasi yang tidak ditanami kelapa sawit. Rayap yang hidup di hutan kota dan perkebunan sawit bervariasi jenis dan tipe sarangnya.AbstractTypes of nests and distribution of termites in natural habitats can be determined by environmental factors, including vegetation. The purpose of this study was to analyze the nest types and distribution patterns of termites in urban forests and oil palm plantations in Jambi Province. Data were collected using a purposive sampling method that was adapted to habitat conditions. The results showed that in the urban forest location, 79 termite colonies of 9 species were found with 4 types of nests, namely mounds, trees, dead wood and litter. The types of termites found in urban forests were Pericapritermes mohri, Termes rostratus, Microtermes sp., Odontotermes oblongatus, Hospitalitermes hospitalis, Longipeditermes longipes, Nasutitermes longinasus, Bulbitermes constrictoides, Prohamitermes sp. At the location of the oil palm plantation area, a total of 37 termite colonies of 7 species were found with 3 types of nests, namely mounds, trees, and dead wood. The distribution patterns of termites found in urban forests were clumped, uniform, and random. In oil palm plantation, the distribution pattern of termites found was only randomly distributed. Nest types and distribution patterns of termites were observed more common in locations with no oil plant plantation. To conclude, termites found in urban forest and oil palms plantation varied in species and nest type.
Kemampuan Bakteri Endofit Pelarut Fosfat dari Tumbuhan Akar Kuning (Arcangelisia flava (L.) Merr) Asal Pulau Enggano, Provinsi Bengkulu
Authors: Wibowo Risky Hadi , Sembiring Stella Reformanda , Sipriyadi Sipriyadi , Darwis Welly , Supriyati Rochmah , Hidayah Thoriqul , Yudha Sal Prima
Published: May 2023

AbstrakFosfor merupakan salah satu unsur makro nutrien yang dibutuhkan untuk perkembangan tumbuhan dan dapat dihasilkan oleh bakteri pelarut fosfat. Namun, keberadaan fosfat dalam tumbuhan tidak dapat digunakan oleh tumbuhan itu sendiri, sehingga dibutuhkan bantuan bakteri endofit yang berperan sebagai agen pemacu pertumbuhan tanaman yang dapat melarutkan fosfat pada tumbuhan, khususnya tumbuhan akar kuning (Arcangelisia flava (L.) Merr) yang tumbuh liar di Pulau Enggano, Provinsi Bengkulu. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk memperoleh bakteri endofit yang dapat melarutkan fosfat. Isolasi dilakukan dengan metode sterilisasi permukaan, menggunakan alkohol 70% dan natrium hipoklorit 5,25% lalu ditempelkan di media NA. Isolat yang diperoleh kemudian diuji kemampuan melarutkan fosfat dengan digoreskan ke media Pikovskaya, lalu diukur zona bening. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dari 18 isolat bakteri endofit, 8 di antaranya dapat melarutkan fosfat. Isolat AKE15 dan AKE18 memiliki kemampuan lebih tinggi untuk melarutkan fosfat dengan indeks pelarut fosfat (IP) ± 1,59 dan ± 1,01. Identifikasi berdasarkan pewarnaan Gram dan uji biokimia dari 8 isolat bakteri endofit pelarut fosfat (BPF) memiliki kedekatan dengan 4 genus, yaitu Bacillus, Micrococcus, Pseudomonas, dan Morococcus.AbstrakPhosphorus is one of the macronutrients required for plant development and produced by phosphate solubilizing bacteria. However, plants are unable to utilize phosphate themselves, thus they need the help of endophytic bacteria that play role as plant growth-promoting with ability to solubilize phosphates in plants, particularly in yellow root plants (Arcangelisia flava (L.) Merr) that grow wildly in Enggano Island, Bengkulu Province. The research aimed to obtain endophytic bacteria that can solubilize phosphate. Isolation of endophytic bacteria was carried out by surface sterilization method using 70% alcohol and 5.25% sodium hypochlorite to be further placed on Nutrient Agar (NA) media. The isolates obtained were further tested for their ability to solubilize phosphate by streaking the isolate on Pikovskaya media and measuring the clear zones formed. The results showed that 8 out of 18 endophytic bacterial isolates were able to solubilize phosphate. Endophytic isolates of AKE15 and AKE18 were found to have higher ability to solubilize phosphate with a phosphate solubilizing index (IP) of about ± 1.59 and ± 1.01, respectively. Identification based on Gram staining and biochemical tests indicated that 8 endophytic bacterial solubilizing isolates were closely related to 4 genera, namely Bacillus, Micrococcus, Pseudomonas, and Morococcus.
Skrining Antibakteri dan Identifikasi Molekular Bakteri Asam Laktat dari Fermentasi Buah Kakao Merah (Theobroma cacao L. Varietas Criollo) Terhadap Bakteri Shigella dysenteriae
Authors: Yuniarti Fitri , Hidayati Wahyu , Fitriani Fitriani , Sarah Audina
Published: May 2023

AbstrakKakao merupakan salah satu komoditas perkebunan Indonesia yang berperan sebagai habitat tumbuh dan berkembangnya mikroorganisme yang baik. Salah satu bakteri yang dapat tumbuh dikomoditas tersebut yakni Bakteri Asam Laktat (BAL) yang berguna untuk kesehatan pencernaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan isolat BAL yang memiliki aktivitas antibakteri tinggi terhadap Shigella dysenteriae dari fermentasi buah kakao merah (Theobroma cacao L. varietas criollo). Skrining antibakteri terhadap S. dysenteriae dilakukan dengan metode difusi cakram dan BAL yang memiliki aktivitas antibakteri tertinggi selanjutnya dilakukan identifikasi molekular dengan teknik Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Sepasang primer 27F dan 1492R digunakan untuk amplifikasi gen 16S rRNA BAL dan dilanjutkan dengan sekuensing. Identifikasi hasil sekuensing dilakukan dengan penyejajaran data pada program BLAST. Hasil Penelitian menemukan isolat KAT372 merupakan isolat yang memiliki aktivitas antibakteri tertinggi dari 6 isolat yang ditemukan pada fermentasi buah kakao merah. Isolat ini memiliki kemiripan 99% terhadap Lactobacillus fabifermentans strain DSM 21115. Isolat BAL dari fermentasi buah kakao merah dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber antibakteri alami terhadap S. dysenteriae.AbstractCacao is one of Indonesia's plantation commodities and is a natural resource that has an important role as a habitat for the growth and development of various good microorganisms. One of them is Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB), which is good bacteria for digestive health. This study aims to obtain LAB isolates that have high antibacterial activity against Shigella dysenteriae from fermented red cacao fruit (Theobroma cacao L. criollo variety). Antibacterial screening against Shigella dysenteriae was carried out using the disc diffusion method and LAB which had the highest antibacterial activity followed by molecular identification with the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) technique. A pair of 27F and 1492R primers were used for amplification of the 16S rRNA BAL gene and continued with sequencing. The identification of sequencing results was carried out by aligning the data in the BLAST program. The results found that KAT372 isolate was the isolate that had the highest antibacterial activity of the 6 isolates found in the fermentation of red cacao fruit. This isolate has 99% similarity to Lactobacillus fabifermentans strain DSM 21115. LAB isolate from fermented red cacao fruit can be used as a source of natural antibacterial against S. dysenteriae in maintaining digestive health later.
The Autonomy Toolbox: A Multicenter Collaborative to Promote Resident Autonomy
Authors: Allen Karen , Najjar Mohammed , Ostermeier Austen , Washington Nicole , Genies Marquita C. , Hazle Matthew S. , Hardy Charles , Lewis Kristen , McDaniel Lauren , McFarlane Daniel J , Macias Charlie , Molloy Matthew J. , Perry Michael F. , Piper Laura , Sevov Claire , Titus Lauren , Toth Heather , Unaka Ndidi I. , Weisgerber Michael C. , Kasick Rena
Published: May 2023

OBJECTIVES

Autonomy is necessary for resident professional development and well-being. A recent focus on patient safety has increased supervision and decreased trainee autonomy. Few validated interventions exist to improve resident autonomy. We aimed to use quality improvement methods to increase our autonomy metric, the Resident Autonomy Score (RAS), by 25% within 1 year and sustain for 6 months.

METHODS

We developed a bundled-intervention approach to improve senior resident (SR) perception of autonomy on Pediatric Hospital Medicine (PHM) services at 5 academic children’s hospitals. We surveyed SR and PHM faculty perceptions of autonomy and targeted interventions toward areas with the highest discordance. Interventions included SR and faculty development, expectation-setting huddles, and SR independent rounding. We developed a Resident Autonomy Score (RAS) index to track SR perceptions over time.

RESULTS

Forty-six percent of SRs and 59% of PHM faculty completed the needs assessment survey querying how often SRs were afforded opportunities to provide autonomous medical care. Faculty and SR ratings were discordant in these domains: SR input in medical decisions, SR autonomous decision-making in straightforward cases, follow-through on SR plans, faculty feedback, SR as team leader, and level of attending oversight. The RAS increased by 19% (3.67 to 4.36) 1 month after SR and faculty professional development and before expectation-setting and independent rounding. This increase was sustained throughout the 18-month study period.

CONCLUSIONS

SRs and faculty perceive discordant levels of SR autonomy. We created an adaptable autonomy toolbox that led to sustained improvement in perception of SR autonomy.
Identidade, missão e profissionalização do teólogo católico
Authors: Chagas Antonio Marcos
Published: May 2023

O teólogo, homem ou mulher, membro da Igreja Católica, é o investigador da verdade revelada na fé professada pela Comunidade Eclesial. Em torno desta identidade este artigo desenvolverá a compreensão de uma missão focada em pesquisar e produzir conhecimento divulgando-o por meio da produção científica. Em colaboração com o Magistério da Igreja, o teólogo tem sua liberdade de pesquisa, sempre na fidelidade à fé católica. Dentre as competências requeridas ao teólogo, está a sua capacidade de fazer as conexões entre a fé e a realidade, na perspectiva de uma compreensão mais acurada dos sinais dos tempos, a serem percebidos e discernidos. A profissionalização do teólogo tem suas potencialidades, mas é uma temática controvertida em função das exigências do mercado de trabalho, marcado pela ótica da utilidade e da lucratividade. Neste âmbito, os leigos se deparam com empecilhos consideráveis em viver este ministério na Igreja e na sociedade, em função mesmo da sustentabilidade pessoal e familiar.
Compartilhar experiências ou prescrever orientações?
Authors: Ruzzarin Pesce Luisa , Gabriella Pedrotti Bruna , Bitencourt Frizzo Giana , Sobreira Lopes Rita de Cassia
Published: May 2023

Atualmente, muitas mães têm utilizado o ambiente digital, a exemplo dos blogs, como ferramenta de compartilhamento de experiências sobre a maternidade. No presente estudo, buscamos analisar as temáticas das postagens, bem como em que medida apresentam uma função prescritiva ou informativa, para além da função de compartilhamento de experiências. No caso das postagens com função prescritiva ou informativa, o presente estudo buscou também verificar o embasamento explícito dessas postagens. Foi realizada uma análise de frequência de 845 postagens dos 10 blogs brasileiros sobre maternidade mais acessados. As principais temáticas abordadas estão relacionadas a preocupações quanto ao desenvolvimento infantil, gestação e parto, práticas parentais e exigências da maternidade. Com exceção das postagens envolvendo a última temática, a maioria tinha função prescritiva ou informativa. Os resultados deste estudo confirmam que os conteúdos que circulam nesses blogs se apoiam em discursos construídos no campo da saúde, essencialmente prescritivos, sobre como agir como mãe.
Caro presidente
Authors: Cittolin Abal Felipe
Published: May 2023

O presente artigo analisa correspondências enviadas ao presidente Lula e arquivadas no fundo Gabinete Pessoal do Presidente da República do Arquivo Nacional, realizando uma intersecção entre a história e a psicanálise. Nas cartas estudadas é possível verificar a presença de delírios por parte dos remetentes, portanto, busca-se traçar um paralelo entre os delírios e o momento político, econômico e social da época em que as correspondências foram redigidas. Ao fim, é possível concluir que a realidade externa acaba por ingressar nos delírios dos remetentes, tornando-os um reflexo do período histórico.
Implementation of an edge-fog-cloud computing IoT architecture in aircraft components
Authors: Dogea Ramona , Yan Xiu T. , Millar Richard
Published: May 2023

This paper presents a deployment of an IoT architecture in aircraft wings based on a physical asset, three IoT platforms, MATLAB® on a personal computer and ThingSpeak as a cloud. The IoT architecture was designed considering five layers and implemented using a simple wireless sensor network. Temperature, humidity, air quality and air pressure were collected, pre-processed and visualised in real-time to improve the reliability of aircraft components. The results show that embedding sensory capability into wing components can create a smart ecosystem that will support different IoT-enabled services in-flight, and it can also be used for predictive maintenance purposes.

Graphical abstract
Fatores associados à procura de serviços médicos de emergência por pessoas com hipertensão e diabetes
Authors: Ferreira Patrícia Chatalov , Marcon Sonia Silva , Teston Elen Ferraz , Vieira Viviane Cazetta de Lima , Souza Rebeca Rosa de , Lopes Mislaine Casagrande de Lima , Marquete Verônica Francisqueti , Rossi Robson Marcelo
Published: May 2023

RESUMO Objetivos: analisar a associação entre a recorrência de atendimentos nos serviços de emergência devido ao descontrole pressórico e/ou glicêmico com as variáveis sociodemográficas e cadastro da doença na Atenção Primária. Métodos: estudo quantitativo, que consultou prontuários de pessoas que compareceram duas ou mais vezes nesses serviços no período de 26 meses. Utilizaram-se estatística descritiva e modelos de regressão logística múltipla na análise. Resultados: a maioria das pessoas não possuía registro/cadastro de hipertensão e/ou diabetes no prontuário da Atenção Primária. A ausência desse cadastro foi mais frequente em pessoas do sexo masculino, com idade entre 18 e 59 anos, baixa escolaridade e descontrole pressórico. Observou-se associação entre número maior de procura desses serviços em um mesmo ano e não acompanhamento da condição crônica na assistência especializada. Conclusões: pessoas que não fazem acompanhamento da hipertensão e/ou diabetes na Atenção Primária estão mais sujeitas a necessitar de assistência por descontrole pressórico e/ou glicêmico.
Prazer e sofrimento de enfermagem em unidades hospitalares COVID-19: entre desencantos e formação de sentidos
Authors: Centenaro Alexa Pupiara Flores Coelho , Andrade Andressa de , Franco Gianfábio Pimentel , Silva Rosângela Marion da , Cardoso Leticia Silveira , Spagnolo Lílian Moura de Lima , Bonow Clarice Alves , Costa Marta Cocco da
Published: May 2023

RESUMO Objetivo: analisar as vivências de prazer e sofrimento de trabalhadores de enfermagem em unidades hospitalares COVID-19. Métodos: estudo multicêntrico, qualitativo, desenvolvido com 35 trabalhadores de enfermagem de unidades COVID-19 de sete hospitais do Sul do Brasil. Os dados foram produzidos por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas, submetidos à análise temática de conteúdo com auxílio do software NVivo. Resultados: vivências de prazer estavam vinculadas à gratificação, identificação com o conteúdo do trabalho, resultados positivos na assistência, reconhecimento, integração com a equipe e superações pessoais. O sofrimento se relevou no cotidiano de mortes e perdas, sentimento de impotência, conflitos na equipe, cobranças institucionais, desvalorização profissional. Os trabalhadores relataram desencantos, mas também fortalecimento dos sentidos do seu trabalho, ressaltando impactos da linha de frente em sua saúde mental. Considerações finais: na dinâmica entre prazer e sofrimento no trabalho de enfermagem em unidades hospitalares COVID-19, elementos sinalizam para o risco de adoecimento psíquico.
Validity of a booklet to promote the health of people with diabetes in the face of COVID-19
Authors: Santos Carla Lidiane Jácome dos , Silva Alex dos Santos , Nunes Waleska de Brito , Oliveira Jacira dos Santos , Acioly Cizone Maria Carneiro , Ferreira Thalys Maynnard Costa , Costa Marta Miriam Lopes , Andrade Lidiane Lima de
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT Objectives: to validate the content and appearance of a booklet to promote the health of people with diabetes mellitus in the face of COVID-19. Methods: a methodological study, carried out in a virtual environment with experts who had practical and scientific experience in diabetes mellitus, from November 2021 to February 2022. Data were analyzed using the Content Validity Ratio. Results: twenty-seven experts from different states of Brazil and with different academic backgrounds participated in the study. In content validity, reviews were suggested in items in relation to objectives and structure, in appearance validity, adjustments in layout were suggested. Conclusions: the results showed that the booklet achieved adequate content and appearance validity rates. Therefore, when adapting to experts’ suggestions, it becomes an accurate tool.
Amorphous breast calcifications: is BI-RADS 4a appropriate?
Authors: Oliveira Tatiane Mendes Gonçalves de , Seksenian Rafael Melo , Santana José Galdino Souza , Souza Bárbara Nogueira Caracas de , Jesus Felipe Alves de , Faria Francesca Maia , Mandarano Larissa Raquel Mouro
Published: May 2023

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the positive predictive value (PPV) of amorphous calcifications and to analyze the imaging variables that could alter the risk of malignancy associated with this finding. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study of 138 stereotactically guided percutaneous vacuum-assisted biopsies of amorphous calcifications, performed between January 2012 and December 2017. All of the patients included were referred for radiological follow-up for a minimum of one year (if the histopathology showed a benign lesion) or for surgical treatment (if the histopathology showed malignancy or a lesion of uncertain malignant potential). Results: We found that the PPV of amorphous calcifications was 9.42%. However, most of the malignant amorphous calcifications were in cases of invasive carcinoma or high-grade ductal carcinoma in situ, indicating clinically relevant disease. The relative risk of malignancy associated with amorphous calcifications was 6.15 times higher in patients with a family or personal history of breast or ovarian cancer. Neither being postmenopausal nor having dense breasts was found to be predictive of malignancy in patients with amorphous calcifications. Conclusion: Amorphous calcifications in the breast had a PPV for malignancy of 9.42%, indicating the possibility of placing the finding in subcategory 4a, which requires histopathological analysis. Our finding that the risk of malignancy associated with this subtype of calcifications is up to 6.15 times higher in patients with a family or personal history of breast cancer warrants greater concern regarding the clinical, radiologic, and histopathologic correlations after biopsy.
Satisfaction with childbirth care in Brazilian maternity hospitals participating in the Stork Network program: women’s opinions
Authors: Santos Yammê Ramos Portella , Carvalho Thaiza Dutra Gomes de , Leal Neide Pires , Leal Maria do Carmo
Published: May 2023

This study aimed to describe maternal satisfaction with their experience during childbirth and birth and their association with sociodemographic, clinical and obstetric, and good practice characteristics during childbirth care. The sample included 2,069 women who wanted to express their opinions at the end of the interview of the Stork Network Assessment survey. Exploratory factor analysis was performed to summarize the variables of interest, creating latent variables, for input in the multiple logistic regression model. Six factors were created and tested in the model. Respect for the puerperal women was associated with satisfaction (vaginal delivery: 1.40; cesarean section: 1.47). Regarding those who underwent a cesarean section, satisfaction was associated with living in the Central-West (1.91) and South (2.00) regions and the presence of a companion during hospitalization (1.25). However, for women who had vaginal delivery, satisfaction was inversely associated with large hospitals (0.62) and undergoing interventions during labor and delivery (0.83), but positively with multiparity (1.98), receiving good care practices for labor and delivery (1.24), and having immediate contact with the newborn (1.20). The better understanding of the factors associated with mothers’ care satisfaction for labor and delivery can improve care quality provided in public hospitals in the Brazil.