bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Computer Data Structure for Geological Entities Modelling Based on OO-Solid Model
Authors: Fan Jun
Published: November 2011

In the long evolution of the earth formation often form a complex geological structure, modeling for these complex geological entities (such as thinning-out, bifurcation, reverse, etc.) still require in-depth 3D modeling study. Because of discontinuity, complexity and uncertainty of distribution of 3D geo-objects, some models only are suitable for regular, continuous and relatively simple spatial objects, and some are suitable for discontinue, complex and uncertain geo-objects, but some improvements on these models, such as, updating of model, maintenance of topological and seamless integration between models, are still to be made. OO-Solid model, put forward by writer in 2002, is an object- oriented topological model based on sections. The OO-Solid Model is an object-oriented 3D topologic data model based on component for geology modeling with fully considering the topological relations between geological objects and its geometric primitives, Comparatively, it accords with the actual requirements of three-dimensional geological modeling . The key issue of 3D geology modeling is the 3D data model. Some data models are suitable for discontinue, complex and uncertain geo-objects, but the OO-Solid model is an object-oriented 3D topologic data model based on component for geology modeling with fully considering the topological relations between geological objects and its geometric primitives. OO-Solid model and data structure are designed. At last, 3D complex geological entities modeling based on OO-Solid are studied in this paper. These study is important and one of the core techniques for the 3DGM.
Finite State Machine to Optimize Multi-Tasking Concurrence Technology for Real Time Operating System
Authors: Zhu Lin , Wu Zhan Guo
Published: November 2011

An new approach to multi-task programming using Finite State Machine (FSM) integrated with the multi-task concurrence schedule mechanism of embedded real time operating system was proposed in this paper. Detailed procedures of the approach and two years’ application in an urban heating network were also presented. The approach exhibits a promising prospect in those industrial control systems where more than one highly demanding real-time task are controled concurrently. Both the calls between tasks and the internal state transitions are implemented in the form of concurrent, so that the efficiency of CPU is increased with reasonable arrangement and configuration of CPU.
The Simulation Design of Spatial Arc Cam Numerical Control Maching
Authors: Zhang Guang Guo , Chang Zhi Bin , Gong Qing Shan , Liang Che
Published: November 2011

This article has completed the 3D solid modeling of the globoidal indexing cam by Solidworks, imported the 3D model to Mastercam, every processing surface of parts is analyzed, Choosed cutting tools and various cutting parameters for NC machining simulation, designed a set of spatial arc cam numerical control program conforming to the requirements of processing ,so as to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of 3D modeling and NC machining of the globoidal indexing cam.
Model Designing and Simulation Realization of ARC Protection System Based on GOOSE
Authors: Li Dong Jiang , Wang Yong Sheng
Published: November 2011

This paper presents a model designing and simulation realization of arc protection system based on GOOSE (Generic Object Oriented Substation Event) .It is proposed to fully use the logical node GGIO (Generic Input and Output) of IEC61850 in the modeling of intelligent electronic devices. The real-time data (data of arc intensity and loop circuit) are transferred by GOOSE message with time delay less than 4 ms. GOOSE message communications mechanism is introduced. Winpcap development packet is selected and the simulation program is written to transmit and capture the GOOSE messages.
Information Model of ARC Protection System Based on IEC 61850
Authors: Li Dong Jiang , Zhang Yi
Published: November 2011

This paper analyzes operation problems of medium voltage switchgear cabinet in the electric power system. According to the international standards of IEC 61850, model the new arc protection device on the bus and analysize the relationship of abstract communication serivce inferface (ACSI) mapping to manufacturing message specification (MMS). Finally, MMS PDU formation and decoding are described specifically based on ASN.1 encoding rules.
The Principle and System Design of Self-Cleaning Filter
Authors: Liu Wei Sheng , Huang Zhi Qin
Published: November 2011

This paper describes the self-cleaning filter structure, working principal and the main parameters, and it describes the hardware, control theory and software design process. Pressure transmission control method, time control, automatically open and close cleaning and sewage systems are used in automatic self-cleaning filter, which fully realizes unmanned operation, stable and reliable. There are some reference values in this article for the depth understanding of design and development the automatic cleaning filters.
A Device Reactive Capability Assessment Model Based on Improving Voltage Stability L Indicator
Authors: Deng Qi , Lv Lin , Chen Jing Rui , Xu Xiao Feng
Published: November 2011

Taking advantage of improving voltage stability L indicator, voltage level, active power loss to assess device reactive capability in overload situations. Considering the intermediate buses which connect the generator bus and load bus, the compound buses which involve the two types of buses, improving voltage stability L indicator is proposed. So device reactive capability could be calculated. The example shows the best reactive device is generator, and the second one is capacitor bank and the last one is transformer tap. Assessment of reactive device capability is beneficial and practical for operation stuff to take appropriate measures in order to transfer overload situations into normal state.
Research on Energy-Saving Control Technology of Boiler
Authors: Yi Yao , Chen Guang Jian , Jia Jin Ling
Published: November 2011

Focusing on energy-saving issues of boiler, this paper finds out the combustion conditions inside boiler furnace by monitoring and analysis on oxygen content of flue gas, carbon content of fly ash, CO and CO2 contents. The intelligent control of boiler combustion was achieved and combustion efficiency was rosen. Using neural network controlling model, automatic optimization of oxygen delivery volume,coal delivery volume, the total wind pressure of primary air, the secondary air-door opening degree and furnace negative pressure were achieved, and the boiler efficiency increasing by 5 ~ 7%.
Fuzzy Parameters PID Control and Simulation Experiment of Permanent Magnet Linear Synchronous Motor
Authors: Qin Xiao Yu , Hua Sun
Published: November 2011

On PID control and fuzzy control in permanent magnet synchronous linear motor (PMLSM) there is some shortage. Control for linear motor characteristics of vulnerable parameter perturbation is proposed based on fuzzy self-optimizing control algorithm to reduce the dependence on the model. GA algorithm using the parameters of fuzzy algorithm self-optimizing tuning, the motor can be reduced to some extent the impact of changes in their model, and improve the control effect. Finally, Matlab simulation of the PMLSM traditional PID speed control with fuzzy parameters self-optimizing speed control comparison, the results show that the fuzzy parameters self-optimizing control is better than traditional PID control.
Refinement Envelope Analysis for Small Failures of Rolling Bearing
Authors: Zhao Shu Shang , Pan Juan Juan
Published: November 2011

In the rotating machinery, rolling bearing is used widespread in many places. Due to various reasons, there is great dispersion in the life of bearing. Therefore, it is very important to have fault diagnosis of rolling bearing, especially the small fault diagnosis of rolling bearing. According to the characteristics of rolling bearing defect signals and the features integrated with wavelet transform, Hilbert transform and envelope spectrum detailed analysis, this text proposed a method to judge the bearing failure. At first, bearing vibration signals are reconstructed from wavelet filter and envelope signals are obtained by Hilbert transform and then vibration spectrum is obtained from the refining envelope spectrum. Bearing failure is judged from the refining frequency spectrum. Bearing failure is also estimated by experiment to verify the correctness of theoretical analysis.
Research on Modeling and Control Methods of Variable-Speed Variable-Pitch Wind Turbine Generators
Authors: Li Na , Nan Hai Peng , Yu Xiang Yang , Su Li
Published: November 2011

In view of the high-order, nonlinear, strong coupling, multivariable and time varying character of wind energy conversion system, the fuzzy-logic control strategy is introduced in this paper. First, this thesis analyzes and establishes the mechanism model for each component element of the megawatt class variable-speed variable-pitch wind turbines as well as the wind speed model. Second, for the goal of maximum wind power extraction under rated wind and peak power output maintaining above rated speed wind, PID controllers as well as fuzzy-logic controllers are designed respectively by different wind velocity condition. The simulation results demonstrate that no matter for the following up performance or the anti-interference capability, the fuzzy controllers which are devised in the paper have a better control effect than PID controllers. The fuzzy controllers can reduce system’s overshoot and regulation time more effectively, offset the negative impacts of nonlinearity, and they have better robustness too.
Characteristics Analysis of a Novel Detent-Force-Based Magnetic Suspension System
Authors: Xu Xiao Zhuo , Qin Xiao Feng , Wang Xu Dong
Published: November 2011

A novel Detent-force-based Magnetic Suspension System (DMSS) is presented. The topological structure and operating principle of DMSS are analyzed. The characteristics of the axial, radial force and magnetic field and torsion moment are studied with FEA method respectively. Simulation results show that the DMSS can generate larger levitation force than common levitation systems, and its levitation mode is a passive suspension in the axial direction and torsion without external control.
Energy Absorption Capability of Hybrid Tube Made by Mild Steel and GFRP under Quasi-Static Loading
Authors: Lima Reza Mehryari , Ismarrubie Z.N. , Zainudin E.S. , Tang S.H.
Published: November 2011

Hybrid tubes made by metal and composite combine the benefits of the high strength to weight ratio of the fiber/resin composite and the stable, ductile plastic collapse mechanism of the metal, to form a composite tube with high strength and energy absorption capability. The improvement of energy absorption parameters of circular steel tube as crash energy absorber that usually is used in automobile and train structures is studied in this paper. In order to improving energy absorption characteristics, circular steel tube wrapped by glass fiber reinforced polyester with different fiber orientation and various number of layers tested under axial quasi-static loading to achieve the optimum structure.
Composite Clayey Sand and Short Fiber
Authors: Chegenizadeh Amin , Nikraz Hamid
Published: November 2011

Composite soils have been widely used in civil engineering applications, especially in slopes, embankment dam and landfills. This paper aims to investigate effect of fiber inclusion on shear stress of composite soil (i.e. sand composite). A series of laboratory direct shear tests carried out to evaluate fiber effect on strength behavior of composite sand. Clayey sand was selected as soil part of the composite and glass fiber was used as reinforcement. The fiber parameters differed from one test to another, as fiber length were changed from 10 mm to 35 mm and fiber content were varied from 0.6% and 3%.Normal stress kept constant at 150 kpa. For each test, stress_ displacement graph derived and the results were compared. The results proved that inclusion of fiber affected strength behaviour of sand composite so that increasing in fiber content and length caused increasing in shear stress.
Multilayer Synthesized CuInSi Composite Film by Magnetron Sputtering
Authors: Xie Jian Sheng , Luan Ping , Li Jin Hua
Published: November 2011

Using magnetron sputtering technology, the CuInSi nanocomposite thin films were prepared by multilayer synthesized method. The structure of CuInSi nanocomposite films was detected by X-ray diffraction (XRD), the peak of main crystal phase is at 2θ=42.180°; the morphology of the film surface was studied by SEM. The SEM images show that the crystalline of the film prepared by multilayer synthesized method was granulated, differed from the needle shape which was the morphology of the CuInSi film prepared by magnetron co-sputtering.
An Upper Bound Analysis of the Ring Rolling Process
Authors: Parvizi Ali , Abrinia Karen
Published: November 2011

A generalized upper bound solution for the deformation of ring in the ring rolling process has been formulated. An admissible velocity field and strain rates are derived from the parametric definition of streamlines in the deformation zone. This new formulation was used to predict the upper bound on power. Minimizing the upper bound power with respect to neutral point position, the neutral point position and the rolling force were determined. Using the theory presented here, the variation of internal, shear, frictional and total powers with respect to ring revolution are discussed. Some of the results obtained from analysis were compared with experimental results.
Based on Nash Optimization Decoupling Control System for Special Shape Pipe Automatic Welding Machine
Authors: Ma Wen Bin , Zhang Kai , Liu Jian Hua , Rui Yan Nian
Published: November 2011

A new decoupling control structure is presented for complex special shape pipe welding process, which consists of model construction by reorganization method. Using this structure, an decoupling control system is established which realizes an adaptive decoupling control strategy for the welding processes with integrated complexities by using structure of decoupling control system and based on multivariable predictive function and nash optimization to making sure the right coefficient. Such system can be easily implemented on the welding peocess and simulation show this approach is effective.
Spectrum Absorption Methane Gas Sensor with Optical Fiber Based on Frequency Harmonic Detection Mechanism
Authors: Wang Jiu Long
Published: November 2011

Methane is an easily burning and exploding gas. It is the primary component of many gas fuels such as mine gas and natural gas and so on. In the coal mine accidences of our country, the casualties caused by gas explosion covers over 50% in all great casualties, and it becomes the largest obstruction of safe production. Incident online detecting methane gas density has important significance for mine and plant safe production and personal safety. Based on the near infrared spectral absorption of methane, a system using absorption type optical fiber for high sensitivity methane detection is demonstrated in this paper. DFB LD is adopted as light source in this paper. Modulating the light source, methane gas is detected by second harmonic. The ratio of the fundamental and second harmonic signal can be used for eliminating the interference owing to light power changing. The mathematical model of gas concentration harmonic measurement is built up. The result of methane concentration is also shown. The system overcomes the defect of great interference of available instruments by light route. It has advantages such as high sensitivity, quick response speed, large dynamic range, preventing electromagnetic interference, preventing burning and explosion, not easily being poisoned and so on. The probe can be put in condition of easily burning and exploding, being poisonous being high temperature and so on that man and instrument can not easily enter. It can realize online continuous telecontrol and telemeter.
Research on Radial Inflation of Steel Tubes to Enhance the Crashworthiness of Vehicles
Authors: Hao Ting , Yang Hui , Xu Hong Bing
Published: November 2011

A great deal of energy can be absorbed when the inner diameter of a steel tube is inflated by inserting a rigid rod. This procedure has some advantages: high energy absorbed per length, constant compress force and robust to the direction of insertion force. Therefore, this is very fit for energy-absorber for some light vehicles. The effect of energy-absorbing is investigated by impact test and simulation in this paper. Applications for full frontal impact and offset frontal impact of a minibus are discussed.
Based on the TLM Method 1000kV UHV Transmission Line Performance Analysis
Authors: Li Feng Xia , Wang Yue Long
Published: November 2011

The TLM model of 3 - phase pow er t ran sm ission line is developed. Appling the transmission line modeling (TLM) method to analysis 1000kV ultrahigh voltage( UHV) AC transmission line, the obtained results prove that it is economical and reasonable to transmit the natural power by power transmission, and the transmission lines is a long-distance transmission power ; but both the super power and the power transmission, the transmission power reduce with the increase of transmission distance.
Simulation and Dynamic Characteristics of Discharging Process of Storage Tank Used in Conventional Air-Conditioning
Authors: Li Xiao Yan , Wu Yan Yan , Cen Zhi Fen
Published: November 2011

Mathematical model of heat transfer process of a latent heat thermal storage tank was established, dynamic performance and melting process of cool storage tank were simulated by the apparent heat capacity method. the relation of melting rate along with time and cold thermal energy released along with time were obtained. The results show that no appreciable change in the total cold thermal energy released is observed for the increase of flow rate, whereas improvement on total cold thermal energy released due to the increase of inlet temperature is detectable. At the cool discharge condition, the best inlet temperature of storage tank is at 12°C-13°C.
Effects of Pressure Ports Layout on Angle of Attack and Sideslip Estimation in the Flush Air Data System
Authors: Li Fu , Luo Zhen
Published: November 2011

Flush air data system (FADS) have been successfully used on the nose tip of large manned/unmanned air vehicles instead of a traditional noseboom air data system. In order to integrate FADS with strapdown inertial navigation, high accuracy of angle of attack and sideslip is required. The estimated accuracy of angle of attack and sideslip in three types of FADS, which have different pressure ports layout, is compared using the nonlinear least squares theory. Evaluation function is provided to evaluate the accuracy of angle of attack and sideslip in different pressure ports layout. The results show that more sensors and radiation-type can provide high accuracy.
Study on Magnesium Alloy Sheets Deep Drawing at Gradient Temperature
Authors: Zhang Ai Mei , Zhang Zhi Yuan , Li Qi
Published: November 2011

A novel hydro-mechanical deep drawing for magnesium alloy sheets at gradient temperature is proposed and studied. The novel process is on the basis of the study in sheet metal forming, the properties of magnesium alloy and the forming characteristics of workpiece in deep drawing. It indicates that the deep drawing operation of magnesium alloy sheet should be done in warm condition due to the poor plasticity of magnesium alloy. In addition, the reasonable temperature gradient of the workpiece is necessary in light on the principle of deep drawing. The essence why the limited drawing ratio can be improved with the new process is demonstrated. The reasonable temperature gradient can be obtained by the fluid pressure control during deep drawing operation. Thus the feasibility of the new technology is verified.
Corrosion Resistance of Fe-B Alloys Immersed in Molten Zinc Bath
Authors: Cao Xiao Ming , Yin Peng Fei , Ma Rui Na
Published: November 2011

Fe-B alloys with different boron contents were dipped into a pure molten zinc bath to investigate their anti-corrosion property. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive spectrum(EDS) were used to detect the corrosion products. It is found that the corrosion mechanism of α phase is corrosion and dissolution ,while the Fe2B phase is crack mechanism because of its brittleness and excellent corrosion resistance.The Fe2B phase in eutectic structure can protect the matrix from molten zinc and restrict the reaction of Fe-Zn. With the increase of boron content, the corrosion resistance performance of the alloys improves gradually.
Adsorption Characteristics of Nitric Oxide and Sulfur Dioxide on Coal Activated Carbon
Authors: Kang Dong Juan , Tang Xiao Long , Peng Jin Hui , Yi Hong Hong , Ni Ping , Ye Zhi Qing , Li Kai
Published: November 2011

The aim of this paper is to study the adsorption characteristics of nitric oxide (NO) and sulfur dioxide (SO2) on raw coal activated carbon over temperature ranged 298～343K using a static volumetric adsorption apparatus. The adsorption equilibrium data for NO and SO2 were ﬁtted to Freundlich, Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R) and Sips adsorption isotherm model. Isosteric heat of adsorption was determined by the Clausius-Clapeyron equation. It was found that Sips adsorption isotherm model is more suitable for description of NO adsorption process at 298K, 313K and 328K and SO2 adsorption process at 313K, 328K and 343K, however, D-R adsorption isotherm model is more suitable for description of the NO adsorption process at 343K and SO2 adsorption process at 298K. The isosteric heat of adsorption values of SO2 increase slightly as the adsorbed amounts increasing from 0.8 to 1.6mg/g, but the isosteric heat of adsorption values of NO show a converse trend. Meanwhile, NO and SO2 adsorbed on coal activated carbon at the four temperatures may be a dominant of physical adsorption.
An Experimental Study on Diesel Fuel Droplets Coupling Evaporation
Authors: Ma Yu Po , Li Xiang Rong , Wang Xiang Yuan , Liu Fu Shui
Published: November 2011

With the continuous improvement of power density,in the process of diesel fuel evaporation in cylinder, the interaction between droplets continues to grow. In order to study the mutual influence in the process of droplets evaporation, the evaporation phenomenas of single droplet, double-droplet and multi-droplet were studied experimentally in this paper. Firstly the influence of background temperature on single droplet evaporation rate was contrasted to verify the reasonableness of the experimental system. And then the influence of number of droplets and distance between droplets was compared and elicited the value of evaporation rate for each experimental condition. It can be found that when the number of droplets increases, the evaporation rate of droplets decreases; when the distance between droplets decreases, the evaporation rate of droplets also reduced.
Rapid Control Prototyping Design of DSP-Based Motion Controller
Authors: Li Lin , Peng Zhi Ming , Zhang Bi Cong , Tie Zhang
Published: November 2011

This paper presents a Rapid Control Prototyping (RCP) development platform based on Matlab/Simulink, Real-Time Workshop and Embedded Target for C2000 and DSP development board. It also designs TMS320F2812 DSP-based motion controller under the proposed RCP. The controller using saturated integral PID algorithm produces PWM signal to control DC motor. Experimental results show that the designed controller can control motor accurately. Engineers can complete all design tasks such as modeling, automatic code generation, and download, running and parameters adjustment on this RCP platform when developing DSP application system. Thus the proposed RCP can shorten the DSP development cycle and improve the portability and modularity of program.
Growth Kinetics of Tetra-N-Butyl Ammonium Bromide Semiclathrate Hydrate through Concentration Determination and Microscopic Observation
Authors: Fan Shuan Shi , Du Juan , Wang Yan Hong , Lang Xue Mei
Published: November 2011

Growth kinetics of TBAB semiclathrate forming from 32wt% aqueous solution at 10±1°C and atmospheric pressure was studied through macro concentration determination and microscopic observation. The varied concentration from which the hydrate formed was measured in the range of 32wt% ~ 24wt% by means of weighting method, based on which three-stage hydration process was proposed. The morphology of TBAB hydrate crystals and growing velocity were then investigated based on a microscopic observation system. Coexistent morphology of TBAB semiclathrate hydrate crystals was obtained for the first time, with the single crystals in tetragonous, hexagonous, and octagonous columnar shapes. In the kinetics analysis, the growth velocity of TBAB semiclathrate hydrate crystals was calculated. Equation of the crystal growth for tetragonous and octagonous columnar crystals was worked out in combination of the varied concentration and the growth velocity. And to our best knowledge, no kinetics formula has been reported on the two shapes of TBAB semiclathrate hydrate crystals.
Evaluation of Flexural Performance for Prestressed Concrete Beams with FRP Tendons
Authors: Cai Jiang Yong , Tu Zhi Feng , Gong Su Min , Zhuang Li
Published: November 2011

Prestressed concrete beams with vertically distributed FRP tendons possess some flexural performance obviously different from prestressed concrete beams with steel tendons. This paper provides a complete theoretical approach to analyze and evaluate the flexural behavior of prestressed concrete beams with FRP tendons. Calculation and analysis results show that a prestressed concrete beam with FRP tendons designed at balanced ratio reaches the maximum of its deformability. The increase of prestressing ratio and number of reinforcement layer will increase, respectively, its moment capacity but simultaneously decrease its deformability.
Effect of Chitosan/Polymeric Aluminum Composite Flocculant on Activated Sludge
Authors: Liu Bing Tao , Song Hai Yan , Li Yun Xia
Published: November 2011

Effect of the dosage of flocculants on activated sludge dewatering is analyzed through the determination of sludge specific resistance to filtration．Sludge dewatering behaviors conditioned on PAC, CTS and composite flocculants have been compared. The results show all the conditioning agent have help to sludge dewatering .Compared with Polymeric aluminum , Chitosan(CTS) and PAC/CTS composite coagulant, the optimum coagulant with its optimum dosage is obtained .PAC/CTS can greatly reduce the sludge specific resistance and improves the sludge dewatering performance largely while the clarity of the filtrate was higher.
Recycling Of the Epoxy Resin of the Waste Printed Circuit Boards Using Solvent Extraction
Authors: Ma Lin Zhuan , Wang Hua , Qing Shan , Ma Lin Zhuan
Published: November 2011

Currently, the number of the waste printed circuit boards (WPCB) is increasing. The technologies of extracting and reclaiming of the value of the metallic fraction of WPCB have been used widely because of the major economic driving force. But the non-metallic fractions (NMFs), which take up almost 70wt% of waste WPCB, were mainly treated by combustion or land filling in the past. However, combustion of the NMFs will cause the formation of highly toxic polybrominated dibenzodioxins and dibenxofurans (PBDD/Fs). Land filling of the NMFs will lead to secondly pollution that caused by heavy meatals and brominated flame retardants (BFRs) leaching to the groundwater. Therefore, recycling of the NMFs from waste PCBs is drawing more and more attention from the public and the governments. How to recycle the NMFs environmental soundly has become a significant topic in recycling of WPCB. This paper briefly introduced that the damage of WPCB and the recycling methods of epoxy resin. The method was established for recycling of WPCB by using solvent extraction. And the optimal conditions were attained through experiments: the reaction temperature was 80°C、the reaction time was 3h、the concentration of nitrate acid was 8 mol/l, the amount of nitrate acid : the quality of WPCB was 50ml/10g.
Comparison Experiments on Relieving Differential Settlement of Subgrade by Graded Crushed Rock in Different Particle Sizes
Authors: Liang Wei , Yang Bin , Zhao Yun Liang , Li Yu , Wen Xin Kun
Published: November 2011

By the self-made experimental device, the experiment research on the role of relieving differential settlement of subgrade on graded crushed rock in different particle sizes has conducted. The experiment has tested the stress of central, edge and corner of the slab when cavity is produced. The experiment results show that, the graded crushed rock is able to better correspond differential settlement deformation of the subgrade, the liquidity of the bulk particle can fill the cavity spaces. The stress in the slab increases with the addition of the cavity height and the loading. The graded crushed rock with different particles plays different roles on the relief effect of cavity. Generally speaking, the effect of the graded crushed rock in 31.5mm size is better than that of in 19mm size.
The Experimental Study on Fatigue Properties of CFRP Reinforced Concrete Beam
Authors: Li Zi Qi , Fan Yan Yan
Published: November 2011

Based on the research of CFRP reinforced concrete beam , this article indicates that CFRP can improve greatly the fatigue performance of damage concrete beam, prolong its service life , and provide the experimental basis for long-term fatigue properties of CFRP concrete structures.
Deformation Behavior in Pipe Production Process for New High Strength Microalloyed Steel
Authors: Moeinifar Sadegh
Published: November 2011

The influence of forming process on mechanical properties and microstructure of high strength microalloyed steel has been studied in this research. All samples selected from 90º and 180º of pipes in transverse and longitudinal orientations after UOE forming. The steel was supplied as a hot rolled plate with accelerated cooling. Microstructure of the micro alloy steel was various combinations of acicular ferrite, granular ferrite and M/A phases. Charpy impact fracture toughness tests were carried out in -50 °C to 0 °C. Minimum and maximum yield strength appears in the 180º and 90º of pipe in longitudinal and transverse orientations respectively. Increasing in the yield strength related to minimum amount was about 5.8 % after UOE forming. Comparison between yield strength after and before forming appears increased about 6.9 % due to forming. With decreasing in the test temperature from -50 °C to 0 °C, fracture energy decrease up to 0.9 % that it’s very little and relinquishment. However for samples that fractured in the temperature of -50 °C difference between highest and lowest energy was about 5.9 %. Charpy test results appear that fine M/A phase not a major factor on decrease of upper shelf energy, if homogenize distributed in the acicular ferrite matrix.
Hot Corrosion Studies on Bimetallic Combinations of Monel 400 and AISI 304 Subjected to Molten Salt Environment
Authors: Devendranath Ramkumar K. , Arivazhagan N. , Narayanan S
Published: November 2011

Dissimilar joints of Monel 400 and AISI 304 are used widely in marine and offshore environments for the fabrication of heat exchangers, evaporators, piping and vessels as well as in the chemical, petrochemical, and power generation industries. An attempt was made to weld Monel 400 and AISI 304 by gas tungsten arc welding using ENiCu-7 and E309L filler wires. A comparative analysis was carried out on these weldments so as to examine the weldability, mechanical and metallurgical properties of the weldment. In addition, corrosion behavior of these weldments has been carried out on the dissimilar weldments in K2SO4 + NaCl (60%) molten salt environment at 600°C under cyclic conditions. The oxide scales formed on the various zones of the weldment have been characterized systematically using surface analytical techniques. Weld zone was found to be more susceptible to degradation than in base metals.
High Speed Impact Characteristics of Plastic Material Based on Finite Element Simulation
Authors: Siswanto Waluyo Adi , Sharafuddin Rodzilla Y. , Paruka Perowansa
Published: November 2011

Testing material specimen on impact using high speed puncture machine can be used to observe the ability of material to withstand under a certain impact speed by looking at the energy required to tear the material. Other detail parameters such as stress, strain and tearing development on impact cannot be seen or measured. This paper presents a finite element method approach to see the strain history and the tearing sequence that cannot be obtained during impact puncture testing of plastic material (Polyethylene Terephthalate / PET). Simulations in different speed; 10 m/s (36 km/h) and 20 m/s (72 km/h) are performed employing a dynamic-explicit Impact finite element program suite. The simulations are able to capture the tearing process, to see the strain histories of tearing region and to predict the tearing pattern. The tearing pattern simulation results are verified by comparing with that from experiment.
Design of New Automobile Rotational Speed Measuring Device
Authors: Yu Gui Yin , Zhang Lu
Published: November 2011

The automobile rotational speed measurement device, consisting of information collecting and processing, phase-locked loops, wave shaping, frequency division and display, can be applied for measurement of the rotational speed of automobiles with various cylinders.
Structural and Optical Properties of Zn Doped CdTe Thin Films by Stacked Elemental Layer Method
Authors: Shanmugan S. , Mutharasu D. , Ibrahim Kamarulazizi
Published: November 2011

25% Zinc doped Cadmium Telluride thin films were prepared using Stacked Elemental Layer method. The structural studies were conducted by the X-Ray technique and the results were compared with standard data which confirmed the presence of mixed phases (CdTe, ZnTe and CdZnTe) in the stack annealed at 425°C. Transmittance spectra depicted the effect of Zn on the optical properties of CdTe thin film. The calculated band gaps from the transmittance spectra were lie between 1.42 and 1.51eV. Scanning Electron Microscope images elucidated the influence of Zn on surface morphology and the grain growth for CdTe thin films.
High-Performance Sensorless Control of PMSM Based on Sliding Mode Current Observer
Authors: Fan Sheng Wen , Liu Hai Shan
Published: November 2011

The sensorless vector control system of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is a system with uncertainty and external disturbance. According to sliding mode control theory, this paper realized robust control of the uncertainty and external interference by use of the equivalent control matched with switching control. Meanwhile, in order to eliminate the adverse effect produced by the chattering of the sliding mode, this paper adopts the saturation function of quasi-sliding mode instead of the traditional sign function. Furthermore, the exponential reaching law is used to further weaken the chattering and to ensure the rapidity of the system. Simulation and experimentation show that this control method has good dynamic and static performance.
Effect of Barium Aluminates on Acid Resistance of Fracturing Proppants
Authors: Zhao Shiao , Wu Bo Lin , Qin Shuo , Zhao Yan Rong , Hu Zu Sheng
Published: November 2011

In order to explore the effect of removing siliceous components on acid resistance of fracturing proppants, acid resistance of fracturing proppants in a new silicon-free system was studied in this paper. The fracturing proppants were made by pressureless sintering using high-purity alumina and barium carbonate as the basic raw material. Acid resistance test was carried out in 12 wt% HCl + 3 wt% HF at 65 oC for 30 minutes according to The Petroleum and Gas Industrial Standards of China (SY/T5108-2006) and morphology, structure and chemical analysis of the samples were investigated using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. Experiments show that fracturing proppants that contain barium aluminates have better acid resistance. The acid solubility of the samples is less than 3%, especially when the content of barium carbonate is about 10% (mass fraction, the same below), the acid solubility of the sample reaches 0.52% which is far beyond the demands (5%) of the Standards of SY/T5108-2006. Results prove that the removal of siliceous components of raw materials can prominently improve the acid resistance of fracturing proppants. It can provide a new referential thought for improving the acid resistance of fracturing proppants.
Effect of Hydrogen on the Properties of Amorphous Carbon Nitride Films
Authors: Mikmeková Eliška , Urbánek Michal , Fořt Tomáš , Di Mundo Rosa , Caha Ondřej
Published: November 2011

The effect of hydrogen on the properties of amorphous carbon nitride films deposited onto Si substrates by magnetron sputtering device has been studied. The influence of hydrogen to roughness, porous character of films, composition and residual stress was investigated by atomic force microscopy, thermal desorption mass spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning low energy electron microscopy and by goniometer equipped with Cu X-ray tube. The adding of hydrogen to nitrogen discharge a causes decrease in the high value of compressive stress (elimination of delamination of the films, increasing of nitrogen content in the bulk). On the other hand hydrogen increases roughness and porosity.
Study on the Properties of Ultra High Performance Fiber Reinforced Concrete
Authors: Trinh Bui Phuong , van Chanh Nguyen
Published: November 2011

The properties of self compacting ultra high performance fiber reinforced concrete (UHPFRC) are investigated by eliminating the coarse aggregates; optimizing the granular mixture; using a pozzolanic admixture combining with superplasticizers to decrease the water to cement ratio; setting steam heat curing to improve the microstructure; and incorporating steel fiber (about 2% by volume). The properties of UHPFRC specimens, cured by steam curing at 90oC, are investigated. This paper presents some results of studying on the strength, durability and microstructure of UHPFRC with compressive strength above 140MPa.
Effect of Axial Force on Mechanical and Metallurgical Properties of Friction Stir Welded AA6082 Joints
Authors: Singh Gurmeet , Singh Kulwant , Singh Jagtar
Published: November 2011

In this investigation an attempt has been made to highlight the influence of axial force on the mechanical and metallurgical properties of friction stir welded aluminum alloy AA6082-T651 joints. The axial force is varied from 3 kN to 8 kN on the surface of the base material. Tensile test, macrostructure and microstructure tests were performed on all the welded specimens. SEM was used to know the behavior of the fractured surface of the tensile test specimens. It is found that the joint fabricated at 6 kN axial force has higher tensile strength and good metallurgical properties.
Effect of Material Selection on the Life Cycle Assessment of Environmental Impact
Authors: Ng C.Y. , Chuah K.B.
Published: November 2011

This paper discusses the significant percentage increase of environmental impact generated in the manufacturing phase as a result of changes in the key material selection during the product design process. The findings in this paper are important for product designers. They need to pay extra attention when choosing plastics or metals when assessing design alternatives that can reduce the environmental impact. Four products were analysed in this case study namely water pump, hot pot, plastic kettle and stainless steel kettle. The environmental impacts of these four products are assessed by Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and the CML approach from Institute of Environmental Sciences is adopted as the Life Cycle Impact Assessment method.
Critical Success Factors of Green Design Implementation for Malaysia Automotive Industry
Authors: Zakuan Norhayati , Saman M.Z.M. , Hemdi A.R.
Published: November 2011

As manufactured vehicles have become more global, the competitive pressures from multi-national companies have increased substantially. Based on that, it is clearly shows that, the important of understanding the implementation of green indicators concept. Hence, the principal aim of this paper is to highlight the establishment of Green Design concept for Malaysia automotive industry by establishing a set of ‘Critical Success Factors’ that will be applied at the design stage. Survey methodology was employed to collect data. Data were obtained from 104 automotives companies and related suppliers in Malaysia with 29% response rate. This paper presents findings of Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) results on green design concept for Malaysia automotive industry.
Sustainability Manufacturing Assesment using PCA for Thai SME Bus Building Companies
Authors: Butdee Suthep
Published: November 2011

Sustainability manufacturing is indispensable to change and adapt from existing processes which enrich huge expertise. However, it needs to have prior assessment. Thai SME bus building companies are mostly established for more than 30 years of experiences. However, they still lack of competitiveness. The manufacturing process is time consuming, high costs and used extra material. This paper proposes the sustainability manufacturing assessment according to the D4S method associated by PCA tool. Five major companies in Thailand are surveyed and mapped to diagnose for sustainability level.
Design of Photovoltaic Generation Grid-Connected Inverter Based on DSP
Authors: Yu Fei , Guo Hong Mi , Chu Yan He
Published: November 2011

According to characteristics of solar photovoltaic generation system, this paper presents a design of a single-phase photovoltaic grid-connected inverter about 1KW based on the digital signal processor TMS320F2812. This paper designs the algorithm of MPPT (Maximum Power Point tracking) and the algorithm of phase tracking according to its characteristics. The experiment is successful, and the output voltage wave of grid-connected inverter has the same frequency and phase with the grid voltage. The power factor of grid-connected inverter has reached to 0.99.
The Automatic Energy-Saving Control Strategy for Coal-Fired Boiler Heating System
Authors: Xu Jian Jun , Tang Yu Peng
Published: November 2011

This paper mainly introduces the energy-saving control strategy for coal-fired boiler heating system. The controlled objects of coal-fired boiler heating system includes the blowers of the boiler, the induced draft fan of the boiler, the chain for coal-carrying, the primary side water circulation and the secondary side water circulation. All the controlled objects are droved by electrical motors. By the optimal frequency conversion technical, more energy and coal can be saved.
CAN-Based Monitor and Control Platform for Battery Management System
Authors: Sun Wen Tao , Liu Wei , Sun Han Wen , Gong Jin Feng
Published: November 2011

In this paper, based on the characteristics of battery management system, a monitor and control platform for battery management system was designed, using Kvaser Leaf bus analyzer and CAN bus technology. Test shows the platform has well performance in data monitoring, control strategy optimization and hardware test.
Reliability Evaluation of Electric Power System Containing Distribution Generation
Authors: Xu Sheng You , Chen Min You , Wade Neal , Li Ran
Published: November 2011

The application of renewable energy in electric power system is growing rapidly due to enhanced public concerns for adverse environmental impacts and escalation in energy costs associated with the use of conventional energy sources, distribution generation (DG) is recognized as an encouraging and cost effective generation source both in large grid connected systems and small isolated applications. Power output from distribution generation is not readily controllable. High distribution generation penetration can lead to high-risk levels in power system reliability and stability. In order to maintain the system reliability and stability, this paper presents a probabilistic evaluation method that can incorporate the impacts on reliability of new energy utilization in electric power systems. Two procedures designated as equivalent simplifying method and the islanded reliability calculating method are proposed and discussed. In the equivalent simplifying method, the equivalent failure rate and failure during time for a given system at a specified reliability level is determined using system equivalent simplifying. In the islanded probability calculating method, the islanded probability at a load point for a given system containing distribution generation is calculated. The analysis results of example show that the probabilistic evaluation method is feasible for the operator to decide the appreciate capability and detailed location of possible distribution generation in electric power systems, and consequently a desired level of reliability is obtained.
CFD Application on Ventilation System of Hydro-Generator
Authors: Zhang Qun Feng , Yan Jin Li , Wang Min , Chen Zhi Xiang
Published: November 2011

Averaged 3D N-S equations and RNG k-ε equations were solved with parallel computing CFD code on the flow field of dual radial ventilation system without fan for a hydro-generator. The MRF(multiple implicit rotating frame) method was used to simulated the rotating motion of the generator and porous media model were used to simulate the pressure loss of air cooler. Rational tactics were selected to generate calculation grids to compromise with calculation CPU time and result accuracy and the grids of different parts were generated with ICEM-CFD. The flow characteristic of different parts was analyzed and flow flux of different section was obtained. The research indicated that the flow from leakage gap between poles and stators formed "air wall", which generated a recirculation zone and made the bar cooling bad. The local pressure loss of stator entrance is dominant. There are leeward and windward areas for the air flowing with circumferential velocity component. Rational design of stator ducts entrance with some diversion effect, can reduce the pressure loss of the stator ventilation and improve the cooling of leeward area in stator ducts.
The Design of SCADA System for Wind Farm
Authors: Li Zhen Bi , Zhu Wei Wei
Published: November 2011

A supervisory control and data acquisition system is designed for wind farms, including the local controller and remote monitoring terminal. The data of the sensors collected by the lower-computer is transmitted to the host computer monitor terminal through the GPRS wireless network after preliminary treatment. In the host computer, the data is processed and displayed by the virtual instrument. The remote monitoring terminal can also send commands to control the actuators in the wind farm. Wavelet de-noising principle is used to process the data collected, improving the reliability and stability of the system.
A Novel Algorithm for Fast and Adaptive Maximum Power Point Tracking of Wind Energy Generation System
Authors: You Xia , Zhou Bo , Zuo Guang Jie , Guo Hong Hao
Published: November 2011

Keeping wind energy conversion system (WECS) running on maximum power point (MPP) can make full use of wind energy. In this paper, authors put forward a novel hybrid maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm which combines three points comparing (TPC) method with power-signal feedback (PSF) method. WECS based on doubly-salient electro-magnetic generator (DSEG) is used to validate the effectiveness of proposed algorithm. The whole WECS is simulated in Matlab/SimuLink, simulation results obtained confirm that the proposed algorithm is more fast and efficient than TPC method.