bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluasi Kinerja Pegawai Rekam Medis dalam Meningkatkan Mutu Pelayanan Kesehatan Rumah Sakit Medika Stania
Authors: Nuryani Nuryani , Hidayat Wahyu
Published: April 2022

Pegawai rekam medis merupakan  seseorang yang telah menyelesaikan pendidikan formal rekam medis dan informasi kesehatan sehingga memiliki kompetensi yang diakui oleh pemerintah dan profesi serta mempunyai tugas, tanggung jawab, wewenang dan hak secara penuh untuk melakukan kegiatan pelayanan rekam medis dan informasi kesehatan pada unit pelayanan kesehatan. Pegawai Rekam Medis RS. Medika Stannia memiliki pekerjaan memberikan pelayanan pendaftaran pada pasien saat ingin berobat. Sedangka Rekam medis merupakan berkas yang berisikan catatan dan dokumen tentang identitas pasien, pemeriksaan pengobatan, tindakan dan pelayanan lain yang telah diberikan kepada pasien.  Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran kinerja Pegawai Rekam Medis RS. Medika Stannia dalam memberikan pelayanan pendaftaran pasien rawat jalan. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif. Tekhnik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, catatan lapangan atau observasi, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Kinerja Pegawai Rekam Medis Rumah Sakit Medika Stannia termasuk kategori baik dalam memberikan pelayanan pendaftaran rekam medis rawat jalan. Kualitas kerja Pegawai atau karyawan sudah cukup baik, dalam melaksanakan pekerjaan sesuai dengan Standar Pelayanan Operasional ( SPO ) yang ditetapkan oleh Rumah Sakit Medika Stannia. Ketepatan waktu pegawai dalam kehadiran pegawai dan penyelesaian pekerjaan sudah cukup baik. Pegawai selalu tepat waktu dalam masuk kerja dan menyelesaikan pekerjaan yang ada. Inisiatif pegawai rekam medis sudah cukup baik, hal ini dapat dilihat dalam memberikan pelayanan pendaftaran kepada pasien dengan penuh insiatif dan tanggung jawab. Kemampuan pegawai sudah cukup baik dalam melaksanakan pekerjaan yang ada,  dan selalu membangun komunikasi yang baik kepada pasien dan sesama unit kerja yang lainnya. Namun dalam melakukan pekerjaan, sarana dan prasarana pendukung di Unit rekam medis RS. Medika Stannia ketersediaannya masih kurang. Sehingga menghambat pelayanan pendaftaran pasien yang datang ke rumah sakit. Kesimpulan pegawai unit Rekam Medis RS. Medika Stannia sudah memiliki kinerja yang cukup baik. Saran RS. Medika Stannia bisa menyiapkan kekurangan sarana dan prasarana penunjang pekerjaan rekam medis dan memberikan reward kepada karyawan yang berkinerja baik.
MIND AS A CAUSAL SYSTEM IN AL FARABI’S PHILOSOPHY OF MUSIC
Authors:   Al-Farabi  Kazakh  National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Tercan N. , Nurysheva G. ,   Al-Farabi  Kazakh  National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Published: April 2022

Music elaborates through with a more powerful cognition system in which melodies shares some aspects with mathematics and language in general. This research reveals the basic aspects of analysis, music as a self-referential structure and transformative system, and focuses on the concept and definition of perception. There is still not many treatises in the philosophy of music about the functioning of musical emotion in the brain. Al Farabi’s Great Music Book is the first and still unique in this regard. One of the most important reasons that makes this work valuable is that Fârâbî’s work named Kitab al Musiqa brings new information to his music studies. This review details the evolutionary development of music and its cultural and psychological effects on the human mind. For centuries, philosophers queried the interaction and fundamental principles and causality of music in human life. The concept of musical perception, which is formed as a result of the relationship between perception and music, has been examined. A musical perception process was created by using general perception processes. Al Farabi illustrates the clarity of these questions from a neuroscience perspective in his Kitab al Musiqa al Kabir review. We examine with innovative results in the conditions of an intense history of intellectual research established by cognitive systems that insist on various aspects of human musical behavior. The main purpose of this article is to remember Al Farabi’s authority in music philosophy. This article claims that Farabi’s philosophy is valid in the conceptual framework of this century. Methodologically, we chose to translate from the original Arabic manuscript of Kitab al Musiqa al Kabir. The proposition in Al Farabi’s Philosophy that music is a kind of image is impressive.
Biochemical Study of Some New Cephems and Selenacephems Based on 6H-1,3-Thiazines and 6H-1,3-selenazines
Authors: Al-Khazragie Zainab K , Al-Fartosy Adnan J M , Al-Salami Bushra K
Published: April 2022

Several new and know 6-(4-substituted phenyl)-4-(4-substituted phenyl)-2-phenyl-6H-1,3-thiazine (or selenazine) (Z4B7, Z4D5, Z4B7' and Z4D5') were prepared by the 1,4-Michael addition reaction of chalcone derivatives with thiobenzamide or phenylselenocarboxamide in basic medium (where the chalcones was formed by Claisen-Schimidt condensation of aromatic aldehydes with 4-substituted acetophenone in presence of sodium hydroxide). These 6H-1,3-thia- or selenazine were used to a new series of cephem and selenacephem compounds (i.e. 7-chloro-4-(4-substituted phenyl)-2-(4-substituted phenyl)-6-phenyl-5-thia (or 5-selena)-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-en-8-one; AZ4B7, AZ4D5, AZ4B7' and AZ4D5'). All new compound derivatives were characterized by IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, mass spectroscopic techniques and elemental analysis. The toxicity of new compounds was assayed via the determination of their LD50 value by using Dixon's up and down method. The antibacterial activity of cephem and selenacephem compounds were tested in vitro against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Furthermore, the antioxidant, anticancer and DNA cleavage efficiency of compounds were evaluated.
Is Laps of Time Since Malaria Elimination a Factor in COVID-19 Mortality?
Authors: Raham Tareef Fadhil
Published: April 2022

Malaria can elicit a non-specific immune response against viral, bacterial and other malarial and non-malarial infections. Early in this pandemic suggestions were raised for possible role of cross immunity induced by malaria or other agents against SARS-CoV-2 severity. A possible role of heterogeneous immunity generated by previous malaria infection was suggested to explain part of diversity in COVID-19 mortality among various countries. This study was designed to examine this hypothesis by looking for possible statistical relation between malaria elimination date and COVID-19 mortality. Sixty -nine malaria-free countries with a total population of 1 million or more were enrolled in this study using robust statistical tests which include: Mann-Whitney Test, Kendall's-τ coefficient test and receiver operation characteristic - (ROC) curve analyses. Results showed that there was a significant negative association among studied marker (COVID -19 deaths/million inhabitant , and date of elimination of malaria (using Kendall's-τ Correlation Coefficient test). There was a significant positive association between COVID-19 mortality and duration of time since the time of malaria elimination. With a cutoff point of 15, countries that eliminate malaria during the last 15 years had reduced median COVID-19 mortality, while countries that eliminate malaria more than 15 years ago there is high COVID-19 median mortality p value <0.05) . Receiver operation characteristic - (ROC) curve, was used to support these findings ( P value <0.05). The author of this article suggests that a correlation exists between malaria elimination duration and mortality due to COVID-19.
Power Theft Detection using GSM
Authors: Prof. Jirange S. N.  , Mhaske Yuvraj  , Nigade Jaydeep  , Ithape Abhijit  , Kale Akshay
Published: April 2022

Electrical energy is very important for everyday life and spine for the industry. Electricity power is indiscipline to our daily life with increasing need of electricity, the energy robbery is also growing, electricity theft is a hassle that keeps to plague electricity region across the country, the goal of this paper is to design one of these gadget with a purpose to try and reduce the illegal use of power and also lessen the probabilities of theft. In this research we have focused on the most common practice of stealing power which is tapping or tampering the meter. The system has been designed to detect the theft and also inform to the nearest substation and to the consumer. This model try to achieve theft control.
THIẾT LẬP VÀ ĐÁNH GIÁ QUI TRÌNH SÀNG LỌC TRƯỚC SINH KHÔNG XÂM LẤN CHO CÁC BỆNH ĐƠN GEN TRỘI PHỔ BIẾN
Authors: Phước Lộc Đoàn , Vũ Uyên Trần , Cảnh Chương Nguyễn , Hồng Chương Dương , Thị Lan Anh Lương , Thị Kim Phượng Đoàn , Thị Trang Đào , Thị Minh Thi Hà , Nhật Thăng Trần , Vạn Thông Nguyễn , Nhựt Thư Hương Trịnh , Hồng Thịnh Lê , Thị Thanh Thủy Đỗ , Đình Kiệt Trương , Hoài Nghĩa Nguyễn , Minh Duy Phan , Hoa Giang , Hùng Sang Tăng
Published: April 2022

Đặt vấn đề: Xét nghiệm sàng lọc trước sinh không xâm lấn NIPT (Non-Invasive Prenatal Testing - NIPT) đang ngày càng được ứng dụng rộng rãi trên thế giới. Gần đây, nhiều nghiên cứu cho thấy NIPT sử dụng kỹ thuật giải trình gen tự thế hệ mới (Next-generation sequencing – NGS) có khả năng phát hiện một phổ rộng các bệnh đơn gen dạng di truyền trội. Việc cải tiến liên tục phương pháp NGS trong tầm soát bất thường di truyền trước sinh cho thai phụ sẽ làm giảm đáng kể gánh nặng bệnh tật và nâng cao chất lượng dân số Việt Nam. Trong nghiên cứu này, chúng tôi xây dựng và đánh giá độ chính xác của qui trình xét nghiệm trước sinh không xâm lấn bằng phương pháp giải trình tự độ sâu lớn để sàng lọc một số bệnh đơn gen trội phổ biến và nghiêm trọng cho thai phụ, từ đó có thể đánh giá khả năng sàng lọc toàn diện cho thai so với NIPT truyền thống. Mục tiêu: Thiết lập và đánh giá qui trình trước sinh không xâm lấn cho các bệnh di truyền trội đơn gen thông qua việc xác định độ nhạy và độ đặc hiệu kỹ thuật của xét nghiệm. Phương pháp: 30 mẫu máu ngoại vi của các thai phụ mang thai đơn trên 9 tuần thai kèm mẫu máu cha được thu nhận. DNA ngoại bào được tách chiết từ mẫu huyết tương, sau đó tiến hành tạo thư viện và lai-bắt giữ 30 gen mục tiêu và giải trình tự bằng hệ thống giải trình tự thế hệ mới Nextseq 2000 (Illumina, Hoa Kỳ). Các biến thể phát hiện trên DNA ngoại bào được so sánh với các biến thể phát hiện trên DNA nội bào của cha và mẹ (phân tích trios) để tính toán độ nhạy và độ đặc hiệu kỹ thuật của qui trình. Kết quả: Nghiên cứu phát hiện 29 biến thể dương tính thật và 8 biến thể dương tính giả trong tổng số 30 mẫu. Các biến thể dương tính giả xảy ra khi cả cha và mẹ đều có nucleotit chuẩn nhưng DNA ngoại bào cho thấy biến thể khác. Ngược lại, có hơn 3 triệu biến thể âm tính thật (cha mẹ đều đồng hợp tử nucleotit chuẩn) trong 30 gen mục tiêu đã được phát hiện chính xác. Có một biến thể âm tính giả được xác định khi tìm thấy trên mẫu DNA bộ gen của cha nhưng không phát hiện trên mẫu DNA ngoại bào tương ứng. Sử dụng thông số trên, nghiên cứu xác định độ nhạy kỹ thuật là 96.7% và độ đặc hiệu kỹ thuật là >99%. Kết luận: Nghiên cứu đã thiết lập được qui trình sàng lọc trước sinh không xâm lấn bằng kỹ thuật giải trình tự thế hệ mới cho nhiều bệnh đơn gen với độ chính xác cao. Đây là tiền đề quan trọng tiến tới khả năng mở rộng phạm vi sàng lọc của xét nghiệm trước sinh không xâm lấn nhằm phát hiện các bệnh đơn gen trội phổ biến.
Recent advances and challenges in organoid-on-a-chip technology
Authors: Suhito Intan Rosalina , Kim Tae-Hyung
Published: April 2022

Conventional 2-dimensional cell culture poorly mimics human-relevant models, which is considered a major challenge in biological research. Organoids are a recent breakthrough in 3-dimensional (3D) in vitro tissue engineering that better reflect the physiological, morphological, and functional properties of in vivo organs (e.g., brain, heart, kidney, lung, and liver). Consequently, organoids are extensively used in various impactful biomedical applications including organ development, disease modeling, and clinical drug testing. However, organoid technology still has several limitations, including low reproducibility, vascularization, limited nutrient uptake and distribution (affecting the level of organoid maturation), lack of standardization, and intra-clonal variability. Efforts have been made to overcome these shortcomings of organoid culture. Microfluidic technology has successfully facilitated the establishment of organoid-on-a-chip systems, which effectively improve the structural and physiological features of organoids in a controlled manner. This review discusses the recent advances and developments in organoid-on-a-chip technology. We hope that this study will motivate researchers to explore the possible engagement between microfluidic devices and self-assembled 3D cell cultures to leverage the enhanced quality of organoids, which will have favorable impacts on future tissue regeneration and regenerative therapies.
Implementation Of Whistleblowing System To Prevent Sharia Banking Crime In Indonesia
Authors: Hasan Zulfikar , Saifunnajar Saifunnajar , Azlina Nur , Al Mansur Muhammad , Saifullah Saifullah
Published: April 2022

The research made is qualitative research, where researchers look at various sources related to the whistleblowing system in Islamic banking. The object of this research is PT. Bank Syariah Indonesia (BSI) one of the largest Islamic banks in Indonesia, and targets to become the 10 largest Islamic banks in the world in the next 5 years. This research is needed to understand and see how the BSI whistleblowing system controls fraud and crime in the Indonesian banking world. Based on a survey from The Association of Certified Fraud Examiners, the level of banking fraud in Indonesia reaches 41% when compared to other sectors. This is one of the things that can be taken into account by the government, and stakeholders in banking. In addition to using qualitative methods. This study analyzes the BSI website with support from various sources related to the whistleblowing system in Islamic banking. Hopefully, in the future, there will be continued research looking at the implications of the whistleblowing system to prevent fraud in banking, especially Islamic banking, both in Indonesia but also abroad.
Factores de riesgo en la seguridad alimentaria de hogares campesinos del Distrito de Coixtlahuaca, Oaxaca
Authors: Velasco Torres Mariano , Cantellano Rodríguez Humberto
Published: April 2022

La ingesta de alimentos en hogares campesinos esta arraigada a la disponibilidad de recursos locales, su exposición a factores externos pone en riesgo la seguridad alimentaria. El objetivo del artículo es caracterizar la ingesta, disponibilidad y accesibilidad a los alimentos en hogares campesinos en comunidades rurales de ocho municipios del Distrito de Coixtlahuaca para identificar riesgos económicos, físicos y climatológicos. La metodología utilizada fue realizar trabajo de campo mediante la aplicación de entrevistas a profundidad con preguntas semiestructuradas a informantes clave. La información recabada es cualitativa y el análisis es por bloque a partir de la saturación de categorías para caracterizar la ingesta de alimentos y sus factores de riesgo en la región de estudio. Como resultados de esta investigación, se determinó que el alimento principal en el sistema alimentario es el maíz y sus derivados, los secundarios y frecuentes son las leguminosas, y los estacionales corresponden a las plantas silvestres y frutos de traspatio. La alimentación es escasamente variada. Se preparan platillos tradicionales en las fiestas familiares y religiosas. Se concluye que prevalece vulnerabilidad alimentaria en los hogares por la presencia de factores climatológicos extremos que ponen en riesgo la producción de granos básicos y la baja productividad en las cosechas debido a los suelos de cultivo erosionados. Los hogares utilizan estrategias de vida como la venta de artesanías y animales menores para obtener ingresos, los cuales se complementan con las transferencias monetarias del gobierno para el acceso económico a los alimentos.
Construcción consensuada de criterios de reparto de agua de riego en la UCICMA, Ecuador
Authors: Aceldo Byron , Farinango Guzmán Wilma Alexandra
Published: April 2022

La presente investigación identifica y analiza criterios de reparto de agua para riego desde varias experiencias en torno a las 14 comunidades que agrupa la Unión de Comunidades Indígenas y Campesinas de Mariano Acosta, misma que busca definir la forma de distribución de agua para riego como parte de su gestión comunitaria, partiendo de sus dilemas sociales y bajo los principios de reciprocidad, armonía y equidad social, para evitar disputas a mediano plazo; todo esto en un contexto de los efectos del cambio climático percibidas en la zona, políticas estatales afines pero carentes de política pública, déficit del recurso hídrico debido a que el agua “autorizada para su uso” es insuficiente para irrigar la totalidad del territorio. Los resultados reflejan los acuerdos definidos entre las comunidades que implica un reparto basado principalmente en la participación sin dejar de lado los aspectos técnicos, con la finalidad de garantizar una agricultura de subsistencia.
Nodos rurales globales: Dinámicas migratorias y redefinición del paisaje rural
Authors: Pérez Monterosas Mario
Published: April 2022

La desagrarización de lo rural, la ampliación del espacio, la circulación de valores campesinos a través de los procesos de movilidad y migración en diferentes direcciones, prácticas, identidades, sentidos y subjetividades, nos llevan a plantear la deslocalización tradicional de lo rural para proponer su multilocalización. Nos acercamos al mundo rural a partir de la idea de nodos globales,  como espacios de confluencia y concentración dinámica de elementos físicos, culturales y simbólicos que configuran y dejan su impronta en el paisaje a partir de la interacción y circulación de prácticas, actores, espacio, tiempo. Lo rural visto de cerca, multisituado y en cambio constante por las dinamicas de circulacion de personas, dinero, objetos e información.
Evaluation of nematophagous fungal mycelial growth and interactions with bovine gastrointestinal parasitic nematodes
Authors: Oliveira Isabela C. , Vieira Ítalo S. , Freitas amuel G. , Campos Artur K. , Paz-Silva Adolfo , Monteiro Cristiana F. C. , de Gives Pedro M. , Araújo Jackson V. de
Published: April 2022

Previous research has shown an increased action on helminth biological control by fungal combinations. This study characterized the temperature and pH conditions necessary for better mycelial growth of \textit{Monacrosporium sinense} (SF53) and \textit{Pochonia chlamydosporia} (VC4). In addition, electron and optical microscopy showed the fungal structures that benefit from their use in the biological control of nematodes and interactions with infective larvae of helminths. Nematode larvae held by \textit{P. chlamydosporia} mycelium confirm its ability to prey upon larvae stages, despite being classified in the “ovicidal” group. \textit{P. chlamydosporia} showed the highest growth rate in water agar medium at 20°C, whereas \textit{M. sinense} showed numerically better growth at 30°C. Fungi did not grow at 35 or 40°C. Surprisingly, the mycelial growth of both isolates was inhibited by temperatures above 35°C for 6 days and resumed when temperatures were reduced to 25°C. The pH observation was important to show that the pH variations in the gastrointestinal tract of bovines will not be harmful to fungi since offering oral formulations to the animals is the most practical way of dispersing fungi in the fecal pats. \textit{In-vitro} studies facilitate the exploration of biological control agents. The use of nematophagous fungi is a viable solution in the control of gastrointestinal nematodes and needs to be further improved.
Evaluating NOx emissions and their effect on O3 production in Texas using TROPOMI NO2 and HCHO
Authors: Goldberg Daniel , Harkey Monica , de Foy Benjamin , Judd Laura , Johnson Jeremiah , Yarwood Greg , Holloway Tracey
Published: April 2022

Abstract. The Tropospheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) on the Sentinel-5 Precursor (S5P) satellite is a valuable source of information to monitor the NOx emissions that adversely affect air quality. We conduct a series of experiments using a 4 × 4 km2 Comprehensive Air Quality Model with Extensions (CAMx) simulation during April–September 2019 in east Texas to evaluate the multiple challenges that arise in reconciling the NOx emissions in model simulations with TROPOMI. We first compare the TROPOMI NO2 version 1.3 and version 2.3.1 algorithms in east Texas and document that tropospheric vertical column NO2 increases +17 % in urban areas, with further increases (~25 %) in the city centers and smaller increases (~5 %) in less polluted areas. We then demonstrate the importance of having lightning NOx emissions in a model simulation that is compared to satellite observations. Lightning NOx can contribute up 24 % of the column NO2 in the areas over the Gulf of Mexico and 8 % in Texas urban areas. NOx emissions, when using locally resolved inputs, agree with TROPOMI NO2 version 2.3.1 to within 20 % in most circumstances, with a small NOx underestimate in Dallas-Fort Worth (– 13 %) and Houston (– 20 %). In the vicinity of large power plant plumes (e.g., Martin Lake and Limestone) we find larger disagreements: the satellite consistently underrepresents the NO2 from measured stack emissions by 40–60 %. We hypothesize that either: 1.) TROPOMI has difficulty capturing narrow point source plumes, 2.) the assumed lifetime to derive the NOx emissions is too long, or 3.) the vertical/horizontal dispersion in the model is too slow. If we assume short effective NO2 lifetimes (< 1 hour), there is better agreement between the satellite-derived NOx emissions and the model. To understand ozone formation regimes in the area, we combine NO2 column information with HCHO column information. For HCHO, we find good agreement in far eastern Texas and an underestimate (– 25 %) in the areas of central Texas that have less biogenic VOC emissions. Ozone formation regimes at the time of the early afternoon overpass are NOx-limited almost everywhere in the domain except the Baytown section of Houston and in the presence of power plant plumes. There are likely NOx-saturated ozone formation conditions in the early morning hours that TROPOMI cannot observe. Having more in situ measurements of the vertical distribution of NO2 in rural and urban areas, and in the presence of power plant plumes would give us more confidence in our results.
Building-scale flood loss estimation through enhanced vulnerability pattern characterization: application to an urban flood in Milano, Italy
Authors: Taramelli Andrea , Righini Margherita , Valentini Emiliana , Alfieri Lorenzo , Gatti Ignacio , Gabellani Simone
Published: April 2022

Abstract. The vulnerability of flood-prone areas is determined by the susceptibility of the exposed assets to the hazard. It is a crucial component in risk assessment studies, both for climate change adaptation and disaster risk reduction. In this study, we analyse patterns of vulnerability for the residential sector in a frequently hit urban area of Milano, Italy. The conceptual foundation for a quantitative assessment of the structural dimensions of vulnerability is based on the modified Source-Pathway-Receptor-Consequence model. This conceptual model is used to improve the parameterization of the flood risk analysis describing: (i) hazard scenarios definition performed by hydraulic modelling based on past event data (Source estimation) and morphological features and land use evaluation (Pathway estimation); (ii) the exposure and vulnerability assessment which consists of recognizing elements potentially at risk (Receptor estimation) and event losses (Consequence estimation). The structural dimension of vulnerability is mapped at building level and used in loss estimation for the residential sector at meso and micro-scale. Results produces accurate estimates of the flood characteristics, with mean error in flood depths estimation in the range 0.2–0.3 m and provide a basis to obtain site-specific damage curves and damage mapping. Findings show that the nature of flood pathways varies spatially and is influenced by landscape characteristics and alters vulnerability spatial distribution and hazard propagation. At the mesoscale, the ‘Continuous urban fabric’ Urban Atlas 2018 land-use class with the occurrence of at least 80 % of soil sealing shows higher absolute damage values. At microscale, evidence demonstrated that even events with moderate magnitude in terms of flood depth in a complex urbanized area may cause more damage than it would expect.
Convolutional neural networks for image-based sediment detection applied to a large terrestrial and airborne dataset
Authors: Chen Xingyu , Hassan Marwan A. , Fu Xudong
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Image-based grain sizing has been used to measure grain size more
efficiently compared with traditional methods (e.g., sieving and Wolman pebble
count). However, current methods to automatically detect individual grains
are largely based on detecting grain interstices from image intensity which
not only require a significant level of expertise for parameter tuning but
also underperform when they are applied to suboptimal environments (e.g.,
dense organic debris, various sediment lithology). We proposed a model
(GrainID) based on convolutional neural networks to measure grain size in a
diverse range of fluvial environments. A dataset of more than 125 000
grains from flume and field measurements were compiled to develop GrainID.
Tests were performed to compare the predictive ability of GrainID with
sieving, manual labeling, Wolman pebble counts (Wolman, 1954) and
BASEGRAIN (Detert and Weitbrecht, 2012). When compared with the sieving
results for a sandy-gravel bed, GrainID yielded high predictive accuracy
(comparable to the performance of manual labeling) and outperformed
BASEGRAIN and Wolman pebble counts (especially for small grains). For the
entire evaluation dataset, GrainID once again showed fewer predictive errors
and significantly lower variation in results in comparison with BASEGRAIN and
Wolman pebble counts and maintained this advantage even in uncalibrated
rivers with drone images. Moreover, the existence of vegetation and noise
have little influence on the performance of GrainID. Analysis indicated that
GrainID performed optimally when the image resolution is higher than 1.8 mm pixel−1, the image tile size is 512×512 pixels and the grain area
truncation values (the area of smallest detectable grains) were equal to 18–25 pixels.
Xylem water in riparian willow trees (Salix alba) reveals shallow sources of root water uptake by in situ monitoring of stable water isotopes
Authors: Landgraf Jessica , Tetzlaff Dörthe , Dubbert Maren , Dubbert David , Smith Aaron , Soulsby Chris
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Root water uptake (RWU) is an important critical zone process, as plants can tap various water sources and transpire these back into the atmosphere. However, knowledge about the spatial and temporal dynamics of RWU and associated water sources at both high temporal resolution (e.g. daily) and over longer time periods (e.g. seasonal) is still limited. We used cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS) for continuous in situ monitoring of stable water isotopes in soil and xylem water for two riparian willow (Salix alba) trees over the growing season (May to October) of 2020. This was complemented by isotopic sampling of local precipitation, groundwater, and stream water in order to help constrain the potential sources of RWU. A local eddy flux tower, together with sap flow monitoring, soil moisture measurements, and dendrometry, was also used to provide the hydroclimatic and ecohydrological contexts for in situ isotope monitoring. In addition, respective bulk and twig samples of soil water and xylem water were collected to corroborate the continuous in situ data. The monitoring period was characterised by frequent inputs of precipitation, interspersed by warm dry periods, which resulted in variable moisture storage in the upper 20 cm of the soil profile and dynamic isotope signatures. This variability was greatly damped at 40 cm, and the isotopic composition of the subsoil and groundwater was relatively stable. The isotopic composition and dynamics of xylem water were very similar to those of the upper soil, and analysis using a Bayesian mixing model inferred that overall ∼90 % of RWU was derived from the upper soil profile. However, while for the soil water signatures, the direct equilibrium method showed good comparability with in situ results, for xylem water, the cryogenic extractions signatures were only moderately or not at all comparable. Sap flow and dendrometry data indicated that soil water availability did not seriously limit transpiration during the study period, though it seemed that deeper (>40 cm) soil water provided a higher proportion of RWU (∼30 %) in a drier period in the late summer. The study demonstrates the utility of prolonged real-time monitoring of natural stable isotope abundance in soil–vegetation systems, which has great potential for the further understanding of ecohydrological partitioning under changing hydroclimatic conditions.
A passive upper-limb exoskeleton for industrial application based on pneumatic artificial muscles
Authors: Paterna Maria , Magnetti Gisolo Stefania , De Benedictis Carlo , Muscolo Giovanni Gerardo , Ferraresi Carlo
Published: April 2022

Abstract. In recent years, exoskeletons are increasingly spreading into the industrial manufacturing sector to improve productivity and to reduce the incidence of work-related musculoskeletal diseases. The aim of this paper is to present a 2 degrees of freedom (DoF) passive upper-limb exoskeleton, consisting of two McKibben pneumatic artificial muscles (PAMs), and used for assisting workers during activities that require them to keep their hands in a sustained position over the head for a long time. Simulations are performed to test two different commercial PAMs and two different designs of the transmission system used to convey the traction force exerted by the pneumatic muscles to the limb; then the results are discussed. A preliminary assembly of the exoskeleton is also presented. The study confirms that PAMs can be used to realize a passive upper-limb exoskeleton for industrial application and that appropriate working space can be obtained with an accurate design of the transmission system.
Effective uncertainty visualization for aftershock forecast maps
Authors: Schneider Max , McDowell Michelle , Guttorp Peter , Steel E. Ashley , Fleischhut Nadine
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Earthquake models can produce aftershock forecasts, which have recently been released to lay audiences. While visualization literature suggests that displaying forecast uncertainty can improve how forecast maps are used, research on uncertainty visualization is missing from earthquake science. We designed a pre-registered online experiment to test the effectiveness of three visualization techniques for displaying aftershock forecast maps and their uncertainty. These maps showed the forecasted number of aftershocks at each location for a week following a hypothetical mainshock, along with the uncertainty around each location's forecast. Three different uncertainty visualizations were produced: (1) forecast and uncertainty maps adjacent to one another; (2) the forecast map depicted in a color scheme, with the uncertainty shown by the transparency of the color; and (3) two maps that showed the lower and upper bounds of the forecast distribution at each location. We compared the three uncertainty visualizations using tasks that were specifically designed to address broadly applicable and user-generated communication goals. We compared task responses between participants using uncertainty visualizations and using the forecast map shown without its uncertainty (the current practice). Participants completed two map-reading tasks that targeted several dimensions of the readability of uncertainty visualizations. Participants then performed a Comparative Judgment task, which demonstrated whether a visualization was successful in reaching two key communication goals: indicating where many aftershocks and no aftershocks are likely (sure bets) and where the forecast is low but the uncertainty is high enough to imply potential risk (surprises). All visualizations performed equally well in the goal of communicating sure bet situations. But the visualization with lower and upper bounds was substantially better than the other designs at communicating surprises. These results have implications for the visual communication of forecast uncertainty both within and beyond earthquake science.
STATISTICAL EDUCATION FOR PHD STUDENTS IN UK MEDICAL SCHOOLS
Authors: WILLIAMSON PAULA R. , LANCASTER GILLIAN A.
Published: April 2022

Little is known about the provision of statistics teaching for PhD students in UK medical schools. A recent survey found that statistics courses were available to PhD students in 13 of 21 schools responding. The provision across these 13 schools was variable in terms of contact hours and content. At a meeting of 27 medical statistics teachers, consensus was reached that such teaching should be undertaken by a subject specialist, however there was no consensus as to the best mode of delivery. We describe the rationale for, content of, and student feedback from our newly developed course programme which emphasises aspects of both design and analysis of research projects.
First published May 2004 at Statistics Education Research Journal: Archives
Front pages and editorial
Authors: JOLLIFFE FLAVIA R. , GAL IDDO
Published: April 2022

First published November 2004 at Statistics Education Research Journal: Archives
REASONING ABOUT VARIABILITY IN COMPARING DISTRIBUTIONS
Authors: BEN-ZVI DANI
Published: April 2022

Variability stands in the heart of statistics theory and practice Concepts and judgments involved in comparing groups have been found to be a productive vehicle for motivating learners to reason statistically and are critical for building the intuitive foundation for inferential reasoning. The focus in this paper is on the emergence of beginners’ reasoning about variation in a comparing distributions situation during their extended encounters with an Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA) curriculum in a technological environment. The current case study is offered as a contribution to understanding the process of constructing meanings and appreciation for variability within a distribution and between distributions and the mechanisms involved therein. It concentrates on the detailed views (and tools to support them) of variability in comparing groups using various statistical representations. Learning statistics in conceived as cognitive development and socialization processes into the culture ans values of „doing statistics“ (enculturation). In the light of the analysis, a description of what it may mean to begin reasoning about variability in comparing distributions of equal size is proposed, and implications are drawn.
First published November 2004 at Statistics Education Research Journal: Archives
A systematic review on normal and abnormal anatomy of coronary arteries
Authors: Hegazy Mustafa A , Mansour Kamal S , Alzyat Ahmed M , Mohammad Mohammad A , Hegazy Abdelmonem A
Published: April 2022

Coronary artery (CA) disorders are among the major causes of morbidity and mortality in humans. We attempt to explain CA anatomy and its variations in a simple, concise, and understandable way to help clinicians deal with the various disorders. There are two main arteries: right coronary artery (RCA) and left CA. The left bifurcates into two terminal branches: left anterior descending artery (LAD) and left circumflex artery (LCX). The commonest anatomical variant is trifurcation of left main coronary artery (LMCA) with presence of ramus intermedius artery (RIM), abnormal origin of LCX from RCA or right sinus of Valsalva, abnormal CA origin from unusual aortic sinus in-between aorta and pulmonary trunk, myocardial bridging, CA fistula and aneurysm. The RCA may arise abnormally from the left sinus of Valsalva rather than the usual origin from the right sinus. Furthermore, most cases of abnormal CA fistulas affect the RCA where the artery opens into the right heart chambers, pulmonary trunk, or coronary sinus. Although their incidence is relatively rare, coronary abnormalities are of critical importance in medical practice. Identification of normal and abnormal anatomy of CA is essential because not knowing one of the differences can lead to loss of a person’s life.
Poland syndrome
Authors: Seznur Kasar Zehra , Ertekin Ersen
Published: April 2022

Poland syndrome is a congenital anomaly with unilateral agenesis or hypoplasia of the pectoral muscles, deformity of the anterior chest wall and upper extremity anomalies. In patients with Poland syndrome, varying rates of breast asymmetry, from hypomastia to amastia, accompany. It is observed that the incidence of dextrocardia is increased in patients with left-sided Poland syndrome. Vital lung capacity may be reduced due to anterior chest wall deformity. This syndrome is thought to be due to a temporary impairment of circulation in the arteria subclavia or any of its branches or hypoplasia of these vessels during the development of the upper extremities in the intrauterine period. We aimed to emphasize the characteristics of Poland syndrome in a 26-yearold female case. On physical examination, pectus excavatum deformity was observed besides the absence of left pectoralis major and minor muscles with plica axillaris anterior. In terms of congenital or acquired pathologies that m ay accompany, the cases should be evaluated clinically in detail and followed up.
Exploring linkages between food security and economic growth: a Systematic mapping literature review
Authors: Fernandes Mario , Samputra Palupi Lindiasari
Published: April 2022

Food security can be achieved by being carried out simultaneously alongside the economy's growth at the macro level. While many countries worldwide carry out economic growth policies to improve food security, the causal relationship between economic growth and food security is still debated. This study uses a systematic mapping review to analyze the relationship between food security (FS) and economic growth (EG) using a systematic mapping review. There are 26 previous research results from 780 articles obtained. Database from google scholar, ScienceDirect, Elsevier, and JSTOR with a limited date range on published information from 2004-2021. The result shows an empirical gap in the relationship between FS dan EG with 76.92% supporting the correlative relationship between FS and EG, while the other 19.23% claimed that there is no correlation, and 3.85% (one study) explored the relationship between EG and FI (Food Insecurity). Furthermore, 11 studies explained that EG has a positive effect on FS; one study stated that it has a negative impact, and another one hurts Food insecurity. Meanwhile, seven studies revealed that FS has a positive effect on economic growth, one study on the contrary, and two studies explained it has no effect. Availability and GDP per Capita variables were mainly used in describing the relationship between FS and EG.
Processes in the human skin responsible for its aging
Authors:   University of Health in Gdańsk, Zielińska Amanda , Kamm Anna ,   University of Health in Gdańsk,   Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Dąbrowska Aleksandra ,   University of Health in Gdańsk,   Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk
Published: April 2022

With reaching biological maturity, the skin, like other organs, undergoes aging processes. They are mainly related to the regenerative processes of cells being slowed down, as well as their reduced biological activity. The above-mentioned molecular mechanisms at the cellular level have a significant impact on the phenotypic signs of skin aging. They cause typical morphological changes within each layer of the skin’s integument. The characteristic appearance of aging skin is a clinical manifestation of changes within it. The aim of the article is to present the molecular mechanisms that occur during the skin aging process. There is no doubt that the aging phenomenon should be considered as the interaction of many factors of various etymology.
Assessment of the knowledge of clients of beauty salons about treatments with the use of hyaluronic acid and their impact on skin revitalization
Authors:   Śląska Wyższa Szkoła Medyczna w Katowicach, Aleksa Agata , Rost-Roszkowska Magdalena ,   Śląska Wyższa Szkoła Medyczna w Katowicach,   Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicach, Instytut Biologii, Biotechnologii i Ochrony Środowiska,
Published: April 2022

Skin aging is a natural, physiological and inevitable process. Today, many women strive to keep their young appearance as long as possible. The knowledge of women about the factors accelerating or slowing down the aging process of the skin is growing. Hyaluronic acid is a substance widely used in modern cosmetology and is one of the most valued on the aesthetic market due to its high biocompatibility and low toxicity. It maintains proper hydration, a healthy and youthful appearance of the skin. It occurs naturally in the human body and other living organisms and it is a crucial element of both cosmetic and aesthetic medicine treatments. Hyaluronic acid is a component of cosmetics used externally in preparations intended for home care. Therapies with HA support the counteraction against such skin defects as wrinkles, dry skin, loss of skin elasticity and firmness, scars, stretch marks, cellulite, burns, and wounds. Women are aware of the effects of hyaluronic acid on the skin. The aim of this study was to examine the knowledge of clients of beauty salons about treatments with the use of hyaluronic acid and their impact on skin revitalization. The study was achieved by conducting a proprietary questionnaire checking the knowledge of female respondents about hyaluronic acid and its use in anti-aging therapy. By analyzing the obtained results, it can be concluded that women have basic knowledge of hyaluronic acid.
The mentalese identity of the teacher
Authors:   Institute of Educational Sciences, Republic of Moldova, Vicol Nelu
Published: April 2022

The text is focused on the issue and interpretation of the construction of the mentalese and professional identity of the teacher manifested in a certain coherence that configures a certain purpose, relating to the environment, to the openness to transcendence, to behaviour, to skills, to beliefs, to values, to role (identity), to spirituality being also called connection (beyond the self) - all this encompassing the bond you have with the entity you belong to (family, organization, etc.), the mission you have within it, the rules and laws according to which it operates.
The role of the family in the social development of 5-6 year old children
Authors:   Institute of Educational Sciences, Republic of Moldova, Petrovschi Nina , Davidescu Liliana Maria ,   Ion Creanga Pedagogical State University of Chisinau, Republic of Moldova
Published: April 2022

The article elucidates the aspects of social development of preschoolers aged 5-6 from the perspective of the family environment. The concept of social development, family and its functions researched by various authors is analyzed. At the same time, the expectations towards the family are formulated based on Csiksyentmihalzi’s theory and the four levels of proximity of adults are highlighted, characterized by different combinations based on three factors.
The psycho-pedagogic counselling.Theoretical considerations, legal provisions and situations encountered during the practice
Authors:   ", Butnaru Simona ,   Alexandru Ioan Cuza",   Univeristy, Romania, Marcu Elena ,   Bacău County Center for Resources and Educational Assistance, Romania
Published: April 2022

Psycho-pedagogic counselling is the process through which “emphasis is on the prevention dimension of emotional and behavioural disorders, the one of personal development and problem solving” [1,21]. The objectives of counselling process are: health promotion and well-being, personal development and prevention. Counselling is focused on the well-being of the individual, less than the disease. When the school is centered on achieving performance, on the enhancing of the intellect without taking into consideration the emotional and social needs of the students, there is a decrease in their well-being [1, pp. 22-23]. The Romanian legislation on psycho-pedagogical counselling and not only, it is often incomplete, contradictory, leaving room for interpretation.
Organizing the school psychologist activity in reducing anxiety in children of different age
Authors:   Ion Creanga Pedagogical State University of Chisinau, Republic of Moldova, Racu Iulia
Published: April 2022

The article includes and describes the way how the psychologist activity orientated on anxiety diminishing in children of different age in education institution can be organized. The important directions of activity (target groups: teachers, parents and children) of psychologist are presented. The principles of working with children and adolescent, the techniques that can be used in order to reduce anxiety and the methodological structure of a psychological interventions program / psychological training it is also outlined.
Conceptual and organizational approaches to non-formal student education
Authors:   Institute of Educational Sciences, Republic of Moldova, Andrieş Vasile
Published: April 2022

In this article we aim to develop / explain a series of notions and concepts, in order to elucidate the field of non-formal education of students, namely, the type of activities: extracurricular / extracurricular / complementary / supplementary. In reality, the boundaries between the two types of education (extracurricular / extracurricular) are not easy to draw, there are overlaps, but also conceptual divergences.
Size-reduction of Rydberg collective excited states in cold atomic system
Authors: Ding Dongsheng , Yu Yichen , Liu Zongkai , Shi Baosen , Guo Guangcan ,   Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China,   Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
Published: April 2022

The collective effect of large amounts of atoms exhibit an enhanced interaction between light and atoms. This holds great interest in quantum optics, and quantum information. When a collective excited state of a group of atoms during Rabi oscillation is varying, the oscillation exhibits rich dynamics. Here, we experimentally observe a size-reduction effect of the Rydberg collective state during Rabi oscillation in cold atomic dilute gases. The Rydberg collective state was first created by the Rydberg quantum memory, and we observed a decreased oscillation frequency effect by measuring the time traces of the retrieved light field amplitude, which exhibited chirped characteristics. This is caused by the simultaneous decay to the overall ground state and the overall loss of atoms. The observed oscillations are dependent on the effective Rabi frequency and detuning of the coupling laser, and the dephasing from inhomogeneous broadening. The reported results show the potential prospects of studying the dynamics of the collective effect of a large amount of atoms and manipulating a single-photon wave-packet based on the interaction between light and Rydberg atoms.