bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Disparitions
Authors: Meignant Christophe
Published: April 2021

J’évoque surtout, dans ces pages, la vie élémentaire, celle qui ne parle pas, ou qui ne parle plus, une vie qui se déchire de la parole : rien que le chatoiement de la vie sensible, dont les tonalités, joie (particulière et parcimonieuse), douleur (universelle), succèdent l’une à l’autre dans l’intensité matérielle des corps.
Idées et attitudes
Authors: Minzetanu Andrei
Published: April 2021

En lisant récemment Le Deuxième Sexe, j’ai eu assez vite l’intuition de me retrouver devant un livre événement. Cette intuition était due à un certain regret de ne pas l’avoir ouvert bien avant, à une certitude subjective qui s’est précisée tout au long de la lecture, à un sentiment d’injustice provoqué par la place trop réduite que le débat contemporain réserve à ce texte.
Le flou, représentation ou réalité ?
Authors: Elchinger Julia
Published: April 2021

D’un côté, le flou photographique se rapproche de la perception de la réalité visible, qu’elle soit mouvante ou lointaine par exemple. Tandis qu’une photo nette est en décalage par rapport à la perception visuelle. D’un autre côté, le flou photographique dépasse la perception humaine de la réalité, soit en montrant l’imperceptible, l’invisible, soit en accentuant et exagérant certains aspects de la perception humaine, en l’occurrence le flou.
Assessment of Learning Needs of Nurse Educators: Continuing Education Implications
Authors: Bachman Jean A , Kitchens Edeth K , Halley Susan S , Ellison Kathy J
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

Because of current structure, content, and outcomes of master's nursing curricula, administrators responsible for hiring nurse educators often have no choice but to employ clinical experts as teachers. This article reports on the results of an investigation designed to ascertain the self-reported learning needs of nurse educators in a southern state. This investigation confirmed that nurse educators have numerous learning needs specific to fulfillment of the nurse educator role. Findings suggest that learning needs differed according to the educator's level of academic preparation and type of employment setting. The results provide useful insights for individuals planning continuing educational offerings for nurse educators with varied backgrounds.
Efficacy of a Substance Abuse Primary Prevention Skills Conference for Nurses
Authors: Beebe Gretchen Crawford
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

A conference on substance abuse prevention skills was presented by the New York State Nurses Association (NYSNA) to provide nurses with skills to help patients in various practice settings. Information covered assessment, intervention, and tools for interviewing and identifying resources. A six-month follow-up evaluation showed that the majority of the participants incorporated the skills in their nursing practice primarily in interviewing and use of assessment questions. Directions for future conferences were identified.
Predictors of Clinical Performance of New Graduate Nurses Participating in Preceptor Orientation Programs
Authors: Brasler Mary Everett
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

Orientation programs providing designated preceptors for graduate nurses are used widely, but few studies support their success in assisting graduates to assume staff nurse positions. This study addressed the research question: What variables are related to clinical performance among new nursing graduates? Self-evaluations of clinical performance, preceptor evaluations, and demographic information were collected from a sample of 65 new graduates. The most useful predictors of clinical performance scores were support provided by other nurse friends, preceptor skills, and emotional support provided by preceptors. Participation in formal support groups, however, was not found to be a predictor.
DIFFERENTIATION OF GENDER IDENTITY AND GENDER ROLE
Authors: Money John
Published: April 2021

Gender identity, an individual's self-awareness of maleness or femaleness, and gender role, the outward expression of gender identity, are programed for the child within his mother's womb.
"TRIGGER FINGER" SECONDARY TO PARTIAL RUPTURE OF THE SUPERFICIAL FLEXOR TENDON
Authors: Rayan Ghazi M , Elias Louis
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT: A case of "trigger finger" due to flexor digitorum superficialis tendon "tag" following a hyperextension injury to the metacarpophalangeal joint is reported. The tag formed as a result of avulsion of the flexor digitorum superficialis tendon slip from its insertion in the middle phalanx.
DRY ICE FREEZING AS A PRELUDE TO SURGICAL AMPUTATION
Authors: Nuzzo Roy M
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT: Emergency amputation in the critically ill is associated with 17 to 25% mortality, and a high rate of postoperative infection. Mortality arid morbidity can be reduced by freezing the diseased tissues with dry ice, and deferring surgery until the patient is rendered stable, and metabolically able to heal. Methods of freezing previously reported are cumbersome to maintain, and prone to complications. This paper presents a safe and simple method of physiologic amputation, with emphasis on those details useful to the institution or practitioner who will only occasionally use it. Three illustrative cases demonstrate the utility of this form of treatment in the presence of anticoagulation, gas gangrene, and extreme debility, rendering the patient unable to heal central and peripheral injury simultaneously. Concomitant K-wire fixation and hip disarticulation preceded by above knee freezing, not previously reported, were used successfully.
Treatment of Adult and Obstetrical Brachial Plexus Injuries
Authors: Meyer Richard D
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT: Twenty-five percent of patients with injuries to the plexus require surgical intervention for optimal results. Patients with loss of serratus and rhomboids, Horner's syndrome, positive myelogram, or negative evoked potentials have a high incidence of tower root avulsions and a probability of upper root ruptures. These should be explored early. Results depend on the amount of remaining axonal input available for grafting. Using intraoperative electrical studies, elements which will recover spontaneously may be saved and improved function obtained by grafting only damaged elements.

Obstetrical palsy patients should be immobilized for several weeks; passive stretching should then be done. Recovery within 2 months yields a normal arm; if recovery of the biceps or arm occurs within 3 months, the arm will be good. If biceps recovery has not begun by the third month, surgical intervention with appropriate repair will yield at least one grade higher function than in conservatively treated patients.
Dynamic Post-Surgical Hallux Varus After Lateral Sesamoidectomy: Treatment and Prevention
Authors: Turner Rabert S
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT: Hallux varus and clawing are occasionally seen after a McBride procedure, due to the severance of the flexor hallucis brevis, when the lateral sesamoid is removed.

The present study includes six patients, (involving ten feet), who developed hallux varus and great toe clawing after McBride procedures were performed by various orthopedic surgeons. Treatment utilized partial proximal phalangeal resection, with and without silicone single-stem implants, extensor hallucis longus tendon transfer to the great toe metatarsal, and interphalangeal joint arthrodesis, or tenodesis of the great toe to correct clawing. One patient eventually required a great toe metatarsophalangeal joint fusion.

This reconstructive surgery is generally effective by correcting capsular malalignment, the "bowstringing" tendency of the extensor hallucis longus, and great toe clawing that develops simultaneously with hallux varus.

Lateral sesamoidectomy is risky, and believed unnecessary as adductor hallucis tenotomy is effective in relieving hallux valgus. Although, it can occur with excessive excision of the medial emminence and distal advancement of the abductor hallucis. The author is unaware of hallux varus developing after adductor hallucis tenotomies.
Surgery for Early Stage Osteochondritis Dissecans of the Knee in Young Adults: A Preliminary Report
Authors: Gepstein Reuven , Conforty Boris , Weiss Roy E , Hallel Tom
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT: Results are reported of surgical treatment and a 7-year follow up of a group of seven young adults (average age, 17.9 years) suffering from early-stage osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) of the medial femoral condyle. A randomly selected group of patients was treated surgically by drilling and shaving the OCD lesion.

Results of radiological examination demonstrated healing of the lesion within 4 to 7 months in all cases. Subjective and objective evaluation indicated that patients complained of pain, limitation of mobility and activity for 20.3 months prior to surgery, but were symptom-free 3.2 months following surgery and remained so for the 7 years of follow up.

The role of early surgery for the early stage of the disease is discussed.
An Algorithm for the Management of Ligamentous Injuries of the Knee Associated With Common Peroneal Nerve Palsy
Authors: Terranova William A , McLaughlin Robert E , Morgan Raymond F
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT: Peroneal nerve palsy is the result of traction of the nerve at the fibular head and can be seen after varus injuries of the knee. The complication is uncommon and spontaneous, useful recovery is unusual. The treatment of either the ligamentous injury or the nerve injury alone is uncomplicated. However, when these injuries are seen in combination, management is more complicated. The clinical and laboratory findings of the nerve palsy in such a situation are reviewed. In addition, an algorithm has been constructed that is useful in determining the appropriate diagnostic and therapeutic steps in managing combined injuries.
Adamantinoma of the Radius A Case Report
Authors: Bourne Michael H , Wood Michael B , Shives Thomas C
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT: Adamantinoma is a rare, primary, malignant bone tumor, only one such case involving the radius has been reported. A second case is documented. This patient was treated by en bloc excision and reconstruction with microvascular fibula transfer. Although adamantinoma is not considered to be a high-grade lesion, aggressive treatment is warranted for lesions of the radius.
^sup 99m^Tc-DPD Uptake in Juvenile Hemarthrosis Scintimetry and Autoradiography of the Knee in Dogs
Authors: Hansen Ebbe Stender , Hjortdal Vibeke Elisabeth , Noer Ivan , Christensen Steen Bach , Holm Ida Elisabeth , Bünger Cody
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT: The pathogenesis of subchondral bone lesions and growth plate affection in hemophilic arthropathy was studied in puppies by means of repeated regional 99Tcdiphosphonate scintimetry and contact autoradiography. Unilateral hemarthrosis of the knee was induced by biweekly intraarticular injections of autologous blood for 12 weeks.

Hemarthrosis caused an early (2 to 4 weeks) decrease in uptake of 99mTc-diphosphonate in the juxtaarticular growth plates (ratio 0.7) and a delayed (8 to 10 weeks) increase in epiphyseal uptake (ratio 1.5). In a recovery phase after hemarthrosis, growth plate uptake returned to normal, while the epiphyseal uptake remained elevated for 8 to 10 weeks. By contact autoradiography, the growth plate uptake was localized to the calcification layer at the metaphyseal aspect of the growth plates, while the epiphyseal uptake mainly was seen in the thin subchondral and subsynovial bone layer and around osteophytes.

The changes in uptake of 99mTc-diphosphonate following hemarthrosis for 3 months were reversible and could be ascribed to the presence of synovial inflammation.
Comparison of Anterior Laxity Measurements in Anterior Cruciate Deficient Knees with Two Instrumented Testing Devices
Authors: Neuschwander David C , Drez David , Paine Russell M , Young John C
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT: We measured anterior tibial displacements in 21 anterior cruciate ligament deficient patients using two instrumented testing devices, the KT-1000 and the KSS. A comparison of values obtained from testing was done using statistical analysis. The two tests common to both devices were the 20 lb pull and the manual maximum. The involved normal (I-N) values showed that there was no significant difference between the two devices for both the manual maximum and the 20 lb force level. There was also no significant difference between devices for the manual maximum absolute values. The significant difference between the absolute values for the 20 lb force level is probably due to the different testing techniques for both devices. When testing with the KSS, the patella remains free; testing with the KT-1000 requires that the examiner maintain pressure to hold the patella down. The manual maximum absolute values showed no significant difference because the testing techniques for both devices were identical. Comparable data for both devices are the I-N values for the 20 lb and manual maximum values.
Mechanisms of Bone Degradation in Infection: A Review of Current Hypotheses
Authors: Gillespie W J , Allardyce R A
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT: Bone infection in clinical practice results in loss of structural integrity, leading to complications such as fracture and implant loosening. The biology of this process has received relatively little attention. In experimental models it seems clear that both polymorphonuclear leukocytes, whose effect predominates in the early stages, and mononuclear phagocytes are capable of bone degradation. An indirect effect by stimulation of physiologic mechanisms of resorption has not been ruled out, but the evidence points to direct degradation by inflammatory cell enzymes.
THE ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT
Authors: Bessette Gary C , Hunter Robert E
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

Our knowledge of the anterior cruciate ligament has expanded rapidly over the last decade. Recent advances in arthroscopic techniques, the development and release of synthetic stents and prostheses, increasing laboratory and clinical data involving aUograft implantation, and biomechanical research in knee rehabilitation have led to a bewildering array of choices for treatment of anterior cruciate ligament deficiency. As new information and techniques are presented, and new synthetic and biological materials become available, orthopedic surgeons must judge their value and modify treatment recommendations accordingly. A thorough knowledge of the basic science and clinical information is necessary to appropriately evaluate these new advances. A review of our current knowledge of the anterior cruciate ligament is presented to facilitate this evaluation process.
ELUTION CHARACTERISTICS OF GENTAMICIN-PMMA BEADS AFTER IMPLANTATION IN HUMANS
Authors: Nelson Carl L , Hickmon Sandra G , Harrison Barry H
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

Seventeen patients had gentamicin-PMMA beads implanted for treatment of orthopedic infections. The authors found that beads implanted in patients for 3 to 36 weeks were capable of eluting high levels of antibiotic after retrieval. Beads that were implanted in patients for less than 10 weeks eluted significantly higher antibiotic levels than beads were implanted for more than 14 weeks. This study supports the local use of these beads in the treatment of musculoskeletal infections.
HETEROTOPIC OSSIFICATION
Authors: Naraghi Fred F , DeCoster Thomas A , Moneim Moheb S , Miller Richard A , Rivero Dennis
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

Heterotopic ossification is a well-recognized condition frequently encountered by the orthopedic surgeon. Although typically asymptomatic, heterotopic ossification can be a complication of extreme severity. This article is a review of literature and attempts to clarify the definition, and delineates the etiology, incidence, risk factors, and current modes of prophylaxis and treatment of various types of heterotopic ossification.
POSTOPERATIVE JOINT INFECTIONS IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS PATIENTS ON METHOTREXATE THERAPY
Authors: Carpenter Matthew T , West Sterling G , Vogelgesang Scott A , Jones D E Casey
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

The effect of low dose methotrexate (MTX) on postoperative complications in rheumatoid arthritis patients undergoing elective total joint arthroplasty was observed prospectively in 32 patients. Patients were assigned to discontinue MTX the week prior to and during the week of surgery (Group 1, n=19) or to continue MTX throughout the perioperative period (Group 2, n=13). Nineteen patients in Group 1 had 26 procedures, with no postoperative infections. Thirteen patients in Group 2 had 16 procedures, with 4 postoperative infections: 2 infected prostheses, 1 infected joint fusion, and 1 deep wound infection (P=.03). No patient had a postoperative flare of rheumatoid arthritis. Temporary discontinuation of MTX prior to joint arthroplasty appears to decrease the risk of postoperative infection.
Cementless Coated and Noncoated Mathys Acetabular Cups: Radiographic and Histologic Evaluation
Authors: Roffman M , Kligman M
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

This study evaluated 185 cementless Mathys coated and uncoated acetabular cups inserted for total hip replacement since September 1984. All of the cups were high-density polyethylene. Sixty were uncoated (group A), 96 were coated with hydroxyapatite (group B), and 29 were coated with titanium (group C). Cup survival was assessed clinically, histologically, and radiographically, and a computer-assisted EBRA method was used to evaluate cup migration. After a mean follow-up of 8 years, five cups in group A that had previously shown migration were revised as a result of aseptic loosening, while no loosening of hip sockets occurred in groups B and C. These results suggest that Mathys cups should be used only if coated with hydroxyapatite or titanium. Furthermore, the histologic evaluation in four cups from groups B and C revealed normal bone formation without inflammation or fibrotic tissue around the cups, promising long-term survival.
Blood Loss and Transfusion Rate in Noncemented and Cemented/Hybrid Total Hip Arthroplasty. Is There a Difference? A Comparison of 25 Matched Pairs
Authors: Trice Michael E , Walker Richard H , D'Lima Darryl D , Morris Beverly A , Colwell Clifford W
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

A common assumption among orthopedic surgeons is that cemented/hybrid total hip arthroplasty (THA) results in lower transfusion requirements than noncemented THA. The hypothesized mechanism to account for transfusion differences is that cement application, after polymerization, decreases perioperative blood loss. To evaluate this theory, a retrospective matchedpair study was performed to quantify perioperative, intraoperative, postoperative blood loss, and transfusion requirements among patients undergoing cemented/hybrid and noncemented THA. Twenty-five THA procedures were either cemented or hybrid and 25 were noncemented. Patients were matched with respect to age, gender, weight, and diagnosis.

Six patients in the noncemented group and 1 0 in the cemented/hybrid group received autologous blood in the Post Anesthesia Care Unit. Among this subgroup, those in the cemented/hybrid group received a significantly greater volume of transfused blood (519.20 ml, versus 291 .67 mL in the noncemented group, P<.017).

After stratifying patients by gender, additional analysis revealed a greater total blood loss in the male population than in females (1848 mL versus 1464 mL, P < .004). Males also had a greater drain volume (548 mL versus 414 mL, P < .02). The female population utilizing hormone replacement therapy (HRT) was found to have a lesser blood loss (810 mL versus 1209 mL, P < .0107) and received a smaller amount of transfused blood (1 1 64 mL versus 1 377 mL) than those who were not on HRT. Other significant findings included a shorter length of stay in the cemented/hybrid group (6.85 versus 7.56 days, P< .012).

Based on this matched-pair retrospective analysis of blood requirements, there is no indication that cemented/hybrid and noncemented THA procedures result in different blood requirements. However, differences were found in several areas when the population was stratified by gender. The information obtained from this study is important in its ability to solidify a foundation from which blood management decisions can be made.
Treatment of Symptomatic Glenoid Loosening Following Unconstrained Shoulder Arthroplasty
Authors: Hawkins Richard J , Greis Patrick E , Bonutti Peter M
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

Nine patients with symptomatic glenoid loosening were identified and ultimately underwent surgical revision. Preoperative assessment demonstrated that pain, decreased range of motion, and functional disability were common features. A painful clunking sensation with forward elevation of the arm was noted in four of the nine patients. At surgical revision, a grossly loose glenoid component was found in all cases and removed. Seven of the nine patients underwent revision using another cemented glenoid component, and two patients were left with a hemiarthroplasty due to glenoid bone deficiency. Results following revision surgery demonstrated increased range of motion, decreased pain, and increased functional ability with good overall patient satisfaction in seven of nine patients. Two patients in whom revision glenoid components were implanted were considered failures due to recurrent loosening. Although revision of the glenoid component is often technically feasible, recurrent loosening may occur. Revision to a hemiarthroplasty may be an acceptable alternative to glenoid replacement.
Medium- and Long-Term Results of High Tibial Osteotomy for Varus Gonarthrosis in an Agricultural Population
Authors: Korovessis Panagiotis , Katsoudas Georgios , Salonikides Panagiotis , Stamatakis Marios , Baikousis Andreas
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

High tibial valgus osteotomy for varus gonarthrosis was performed in 63 consecutive patients in a homogenous agricultural population using two different surgical techniques. Patients were divided into two groups. A two-level Mittelmeier osteotomy was performed in group A patients, and a lateral closed wedge high tibial osteotomy using the AO/ASIF L-plate was performed in group B patients. Operations were performed by two different groups of surgeons. Patients were evaluated postoperatively for correction of knee axis, functional result, subjective impression, and complications.

In group A patients, 80% of the operated knees were corrected to the mechanical axis and in group B patients, 82% of the knees were corrected to 6°-10° valgus of the anatomical axis. Ninety percent, 70%, and 54% of group A and 91%, 73%, and 57% of group B patients were rated as satisfactory results at 5, 9, and 12 years postoperatively, respectively; these differences were not statistically significant. One year postoperatively, 91% of group A and 96% of group B patients reported their symptoms had improved. However, patient satisfaction decreased at 5, 7, and 12 years postoperatively, with 91%, 89%, and 66% of group A and 96%, 93%, and 68%, respectively, of group B patients reporting their symptoms had improved; these differences were not statistically significant. Postoperatively, most patients returned to full agricultural activity. Total knee arthroplasty, which was later required in 12% of the knees, was not significantly jeopardized by the previous osteotomy.
Midlateral Incision for Trigger Thumb Release
Authors: Nowinski Robert J , Bamberger H Brent
Published: April 2021

The classic approach to the first annular pulley for surgical management of trigger thumb pathology involves a transverse incision. However, the complication of iatrogenic laceration of the radial digital nerve to the thumb is always a concern with a transverse incision. A midlateral incision provides excellent visualization with a low risk of nerve injury.
Steroid Injection and Splinting in the Treatment of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Authors: Gonzalez Mark H , Bylak Joseph
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

Thirty-five hands in 30 consecutive patients with carpal tunnel syndrome confirmed by nerve conduction velocity, 2-point discrimination <6 mm, and no thenar weakness were injected with corticosteroid. Patients underwent follow-up at 3, 6, 1 2, and 1 8 months or until symptoms recurred. Symptomatic relief obtained at 3 months was 34% and only 11% at 12 and 18 months. No correlation with clinical response and age, duration of symptoms, or sex was noted.
Value of Measuring Bone Density Serial Changes on a Picture Archiving and Communication Systems (PACS) Monitor in Distraction Osteogenesis
Authors: Shim Jong Sup , Chung Kwang Hoon , Ahn Joong Mo
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Serial changes of bone density in 26 femora and 22 tibiae that underwent leg lengthening by distraction osteogenesis were investigated by measuring the pixel value shown on a picture archiving and communication systems (PACS) monitor. The pixel value of the original cortex did not change significantly until the external fixator was removed. The pixel value of the distraction sites did not change significantly for the first 5-6 weeks/cm, but rapidly increased after 7 weeks/cm in the femur and tibia, then slowly increased after 8 weeks/cm. The serial changes of the pixel value of the distracted bone showed a sigmoid curve, rather than a straight increasing line. The relative pixel values of the lengthening sites were >95% in three of the four cortices at external fixator removal. Thus, the pixel value of PACS is a rapid and easy method for the detection of bone density changes in distraction osteogenesis.
Quantification of Guided Regeneration of Weight-Bearing Bones
Authors: Mosheiff Rami , Friedman Adi , Friedman Michael , Liebergall Meir
Published: April 2021

Abstract

An accurate histological evaluation system was established to improve and quantify the compatibility of membranes to provide bone regeneration in a large mid-diaphyseal bone defect, complementing radiographic evaluation. New bone formation obtained in critical segmental defects covered with tubular ethyl cellulose membranes was examined. Computerized radiography showed gradual new bone formation, which slows after 6 weeks. In a parallel histomorphological assessment, a characteristic process of new bone formation occurs inside the confined space and surrounding tissues. Histological findings are summarized according to the new scoring system, which clarifies the mechanism and provides complementary quantification of guided bone regeneration.
Femoral Version: Definition, Diagnosis, and Intraoperative Correction With Modular Femoral Components
Authors: Kudrna James C
Published: April 2021

abstract

Normal femoral version contributes to the inherent stability of the hip joint. Abnormal version is found in a variety of hip diseases afflicting children and adults. At the time of reconstruction for end-stage hip disease, maintaining proper femoral version in conjunction with acetabular version allows for hip stability and unimpeded functional range of motion. In those instances where femoral version is significantly abnormal, a means of correction at time of surgery is necessary. Non-modular femoral components allow for minor adjustments in version at time of surgery. To accommodate significant versional abnormalities, the modular S-ROM (DePuy Orthopaedics Ine, Warsaw, lnd) was introduced in 1984. In a series of 156 primary S-ROM total hip arthroplasties, the ability to correct for abnormal version resulted in excellent clinical results with no incidence of hip instability and excellent range of motion.
Modular Cementless Total Hip Arthroplasty for Hip Infection Sequelae
Authors: Lim Seung-Jae , Park Youn-Soo
Published: April 2021

abstract

Childhood hip infection may produce significant anatomical deformations leading to the premature onset of secondary osteoarthritis. Total hip arthroplasty (THA) in these patient populations can be technically challenging and has been associated with high complication rates. This article reports the results of 58 cementless THAs with use of a modern implant design. The complication rate, including one recurrent infection, was relatively low. Cementless THA with use of a modular stem coupled with a metal-backed socket was found to be an effective and reliable treatment option for patients with the late sequelae of infective hip arthritis.
Minimally Invasive Navigated Knee Surgery: An American Perspective
Authors: Stulberg S David
Published: April 2021

abstract

Minimally invasive total knee replacement surgery may make it possible for patients to undergo the procedure with less pain and recover from the surgery more quickly than has been previously possible. However, minimally invasive techniques have the potential for being associated with a number of complications, including implant and limb malalignment. Computer-assisted technologies used in conjunction with minimally invasive techniques allow the accuracy with which the procedures are performed to be retained.
Navigated Osteotomies Around the Knee in 170 Patients with Osteoarthritis Secondary to Genu Varum
Authors: Saragaglia Dominique , Roberts Jason
Published: April 2021

abstract

The authors used computer navigation to perform osteotomies around the knee. The purpose of this article is to present the authors' surgical technique and to discuss double-level osteotomy of the femur and tibia to avoid altered joint line obliquity in genu varum deformity. The authors conducted two studies. The first study was a cohort study comparing navigated high tibial osteotomies and conventional high tibial osteotomies. The results showed a 96% reproducibility in achieving a mechanical axis of 184°±2° in the navigated group compared to a 71% reproducibility in achieving a mechanical axis of 184°±2° in the conventional osteotomy group (P<.0015). The second study was a prospective study on double-level osteotomy and showed that the preoperative goal of 182°±2° has been achieved in 91 % of patients.
A Learner Analysis Experiment: Cognitive Style Versus Learning Style in Undergraduate Nursing Education
Authors: Cranston Charles M , McCort Barclay
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study was to determine whether or not statistically significant differences existed among performance levels of beginning undergraduate nursing students when compared according to cognitive style and learning style subgroups. The sample consisted of 60 nursing students enrolled in an introductory clinical nursing course at a regional community college in the Southwest. Subjects were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups and were administered separate learner analysis instruments. The 30 students in the control group were given a cognitive style mapping assessment, while the 30 students in the experimental group were given a learning style assessment. The control group and experimental group were both given group interpretations of the learner analysis data. As with all nursing students at the College, the control group was allowed individual learning prescriptions by the instructor. The experimental group was allowed no further data interpretation. Both groups were to use the learner analysis data to assist them in completing the course.

Performance data were collected during the ensuing semester from five evaluations covering specified modules: "Basis Human Needs;" "Professional Ethics and Communications;" "Emergency Care, Fluids, and Electrolytes;" "Death and Oncology;" and "Pharmacology." Analysis of the data with t-tests revealed no significant differences (p=.05) in performance among the experimental or control groups. Mean scores from the evaluation data did indicate a slightly higher performance level from the control group in four of the five modules.
Selected Pre-Admission and Academic Correlates of Success on State Board Examinations
Authors: Yocom Carolyn J , Scherubel Janet C
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this retrospective study was to examine student performance prior to and following admission to a baccalaureate nursing program in comparison with their performance on the individual sections of the State Board Test Pool Examinations (SBE) and an overall assessment of Pass-Fail on the SBE. The following hypothesis guided the study: It is possible to determine which variables are most influential in predicting success on SBEs. Additional research questions addressed the relationship between theoretical and clinical nursing courses and SBE performance, the pertinence of various demographic variables, and differences between students passing and failing SBEs. The sample was composed of the 139 Class of 1980 graduates for whom SBE results were available. Data pertaining to individual course grades, grade point averages, credit hours earned prior to admission, school attended prior to admission, previous academic degree, race, and all SBE scores were obtained.

Stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed the junior or senior year cumulative clinical nursing theory GPA had the highest weighting in each section of the SBE and for Pass-Fail SBE. Cumulative clinical nursing theory GPAs were more highly correlated with SBE performance than were cumulative clinical nursing practicum GPAs. The pre-admission liberal arts and cumulative GPAs were also highly correlated with performance. In addition, the number of credit hours earned prior to admission, school attended, and race of the student were found to be significant factors. Significant differences between students passing and failing SBEs were found in regard to their level of performance in course work.
Re-Entry Women in Baccalaureate Nursing Programs: The Achievement of Selected Developmental Tasks
Authors: Bueche Maria N
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

This study sought to determine if there is a difference in the level of development, as assessed by the Student Developmental Task Inventory (SDTI-2), between the traditional age woman and the re-entry woman who has entered a baccalaureate nursing program. It builds upon the theoretical formulations of accepted principles of human growth and development and recent life cycle research, which suggests that further achievement of developmental tasks is possible throughout adulthood.

The subjects consist of 156 traditional age and 50 reentry women nursing students. Data were analyzed with the use of the subprograms "Frequencies" and "T-Test" of the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). Examination of the null hypotheses related to the achievement of developmental tasks and subtasks revealed that the traditional age woman and the re-entry woman did not differ on the majority of the developmental tasks and subtasks.

Implications for nurse educators are discussed.
The Dean's Job Satisfaction: Its Relationship to Organizational Structure
Authors: Frank Betsy
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between formal organizational structure and the dean's job satisfaction. A two-part questionnaire was sent to 345 deans of Baccalaureate and Higher Degree nursing programs. Seventy-three percent responded. The findings showed that decentralization and some degree of complexity and fonnalization were related to job satisfaction. In spite of these findings, deans should consider all personnel, academic, and budgetary implications before proceeding with organizational restructuring.
Community Health Learning Experiences and Political Activism: A Model for Baccalaureate Curriculum Revolution Content
Authors: Williams Armenia
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

Nursing education is involved in a curriculum revolution that decries behaviorist theory. One model for the new educational approaches is political activism that involves faculty and students in experiences of caring client advocacy. Content, theory, and experiences in communityhealth nursing integrate community activism and sociopolitical concepts. Sample approaches that blend curriculum revolution and political activism concepts are included. Such approaches can easily be used as part of the lived experience of community-health nursing education.
Effect of a Program to Increase the Cognitive Level of Questions Asked in Clinical Postconferences
Authors: Wink Diane M
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

This study examined the effect of a program to increase the percentage of cognitively high-level questions asked in clinical postconference. Fourteen faculty and the students in their clinical groups comprised the convenience sample. Pre- and postintervention data on the cognitive level of questions asked by the treatment (N = 10) and control (N = 4) groups were collected by way of audiotapes. Treatment group faculty participated in an intervention designed to improve their use of questions.

Prior to the intervention, there was no statistically significant difference in the cognitive level of questions asked by faculty or students in the treatment and control groups. Following the intervention, faculty in the treatment group asked a statistically significant higher percentage of cognitively high-level questions (p = 0.012 [one-tailed]), but there was no statistically significant difference between the students in the treatment and control groups.
The Clinical Decision-Making Processes of Student Nurses
Authors: Tschikota Sharon
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

This descriptive study examined the clinical decisionmaking processes used by 19 female senior diploma nursing students in a simulated client situation. The subjects were divided into two groups, with either an internal or external locus of control, as measured by the Rotter InternalExternal Locus of Control Scale. From a content analysis of the data, six decision-making elements and eight decisionmaking processes were identified. The frequency and pattern of use of the decision-making processes differed between internally and externally oriented subjects. Internal subjects used a significantly higher proportion of complex decision-making processes than the external subjects (z - 3.48; p<.01). All subjects were found to use decision-making elements and processes in a manner that reflected novice characteristics and supported the theoretical framework of information-processing theory. These findings have implications for nurse educators in relation to teaching strategies that facilitate clinical decision-making ability and internalization strategies for students with an external locus of control.
Clinical Learning Experiences and Professional Nurse Caring: A Critical Phenomenological Study of Female Baccalaureate Nursing Students
Authors: Kosowski Margaret Mary Rubritz
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this critical phenomenological study was to discover, describe, and analyze how nursing students learn professional nurse caring in the clinical context of nursing education. In this article, I report on interviews from 18 female baccalaureate nursing students, 17 of whom are European American and one of whom is African American. Participants in this study narrated their stories about learning caring by first describing their understanding of how they created caring with patients. After uncovering the layers of their patient care interactions, they were then able to answer the research question of how they learned caring in clinical. Because participants' interactions with patients were the context for the development of their understanding of caring, I identify the relational theme of caring and interacting with patients as the central focal point for narrating stories about caring. From the data analysis, I report two constitutive patterns: the first, creative caring, contains seven themes, and the second, learning caring, contains five themes. Findings from this research are summarized as "embodied caring knowledge." This research has implications for nursing faculty, students, and practitioners who are interested in enhancing their understanding of living and learning caring within nursing.
Why Do Women Choose Nursing?
Authors: Boughn Susan , Lentini Alison
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

To answer the question, "Why do women choose nursing?", female nursing students were given an opportunity to speak "in their own voices" to reveal their needs, motivations, and expectations. In a study employing grounded theory methodology, 16 female nursing students were interviewed and audiotaped for initial constant comparison analysis. Further analyses employing coding, categorizing, comparing, and contrasting of data made it possible to isolate recurrent words and phrases, and to identify concepts for the purpose of theory building. Reliability was established by both stability analysis and reproducibility analysis. Validity was supported by construct (convergent and discriminant) and representational componente. Not surprisingly, the construct of desiring to care for others was readily apparent. However, it was power and empowerment that emerged from the interviews as the most resounding and fully developed construct of the study. Students' references to practical motivations for choosing nursing were so notably scarce that their virtual omission constituted an important theme.
Using Reflective Thinking to Develop Personal Professional Philosophies
Authors: Brown Susan C , Gillis Marybeth A
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

Reflective thinking, closely related to critical thinking, is discussed as an essential teaching-learning procesa to help students in introductory professional courses develop personal professional philosophies. Reflective thinking opportunities used by nurse educators and teacher educators include students' own experiences, actual case studies, and media presentations. Using reflective thinking to develop personal professional philosophies helps students view themselves as future participants in their chosen professions.
Teaching the Spiritual Dimension of Nursing Care: A Survey of U.S. Baccalaureate Nursing Programs
Authors: Lemmer Corinne
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

One hundred thirty-two randomly selected baccalaureate nursing programs in the Unites States responded to a survey exploring how the spiritual dimension of nursing care currently is being taught. The majority of programs included the concept of the spiritual dimension in curricula, but few programs had definitions of spirituality or spiritual nursing care. Content addressed most consistently by programs included assessment of spiritual needs, the needs of dying individuals, and the spiritual dimension as a component of holism or culture. There appeared to be a lack of clarity in the understanding of the concept of spirituality, as well as uncertainty about levels of faculty knowledge and comfort with teaching this topic.
The Values Profile of Nursing Undergraduate Students: Implications for Education and Professional Development
Authors: Thorpe Karran , Loo Robert
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

This study examined the values profile of 152 nursing undergraduate students, as measured by the 20 life and work values from the Values Scale, and compared their profiles to those from a comparable sample of 111 management undergraduate students. Results showed that Personal Development and Altruism are the most important values for this sample of nursing students. There also were several significant age effects related to six of the values. The results of the t tests showed that the nursing sample had a significantly higher mean on the Altruism value and lower means on the Life Style, Advancement, Autonomy, Authority, Creativity, Economic, and Risk values, compared to the management sample. Recommendations are offered for nurse educators and managers. Inevitably, values compel individuals to be and to act, both personally and professionally.
Clinical Decision Making Among Fourth-Year Nursing Students: An Interpretive Study
Authors: White Ann H
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

This study investigated how fourth-year nursing students learned clinical decision making. Seventeen fourthyear nursing students between ages 21 and 37, who were completing their last semester of a baccalaureate nursing program, were interviewed. A research team using a modified seven-step process developed by Diekelmann and Allen analyzed the data. Five themes or essential components associated with learning clinical decision making were identified, including gaining confidence in their skills, building relationships with staff, connecting with patients, gaining comfort in self as a nurse, and understanding the clinical picture.
Faculty for the Millennium: Changes Needed to Attract the Emerging Workforce Into Nursing
Authors: Wieck K Lynn
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

The twenty-something generation wants educators who nurture, motivate, and listen. Personal attention is important to these students who are entering nursing education programs that are under great pressure to produce more nurses. To compete with other career options and address the global nursing shortage, nursing education must be considered a collaborator, rather than a barrier. Aging faculty and declining faculty numbers increase the challenges related to recruiting and retaining the emerging workforce in nursing professions. This study explored what young students want in their faculty and new options for increasing the number of nursing graduates.
A Challenge to Meet the Future: Nursing Education in Oregon, 2010
Authors: Gubrud-Howe Paula , Shaver Katherine S , Tanner Christine A , Bennett-Stillmaker Jerri , Davidson Sue B , Flaherty-Robb Marna , Goudreau Kelly , Hardham Linda , Hayden Charla , Hendy Sandy , Omel Sue , Potempa Kathleen , Shores Louise , Theis Saundra , Wheeler Pam
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

Nursing leadership in Oregon has united behind a plan to address the nursing shortage, setting forth five strategic goals. Two of these are specific to nursing education - to double enrollment by 2004 and redesign nursing education to more directly meet the changing health care needs of Oregonians. This article describes the Oregon Nursing Leadership Council plan and the processes used to develop it. Controversial issues, challenges, and future directions also are discussed.
Mentoring Youth: A Service-Learning Course Within a College of Nursing
Authors: Childs Janis C , Sepples Susan B , Moody Kimberly A
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

Faculty at the University of Southern Maine College of Nursing and Health Care Professions developed a servicelearning course that connected students and faculty with at-risk children in a local community. Nursing students, with faculty supervision and support, developed, implemented, and evaluated interventions to reduce risk factors and increase protective factors to build and strengthen the participants' resiliency.

Students enrolled in the service-learning course worked in the community where they gained an understanding of what it was like for children and adolescents to live in an impoverished community setting with disorganized family units and weak community support. The students learned to collaborate with police, schools, public health nurses, and churches, as well as students in other major programs. The benefits of this course for students and the community were far reaching and even life changing.
Reading Statistics in Nursing Research: A Self-Study CD-ROM Module
Authors: Messecar Deborah C , Van Son Catherine , O'Meara Katherine
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

A statistics CD-ROM tutorial program was developed to replace a classroom course with several self-study modules. For the CD-ROM delivery method, students were asked to complete a Likerttype questionnaire with response options similar to those used for end-of-course evaluations at the nursing school. Ratings ranged from 1 to 5, with 1 equaling outstanding and 5 equaling completely unsatisfactory. Ratings for the CDROM were compared with those of a Webbased course taught the prior year. Mean satisfaction ratings of Web-based delivery of content was low due to technical problems with the Internet courseware used. Overall satisfaction with the CDROM for students who used all the components was improved substantially, compared to the Web-based delivery method.