bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A STUDY ON HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS AND ITS EFFECTIVENESS
Authors: GOMATHY Dr.CK
Published: March 2022

Human Resource Management System (HRMS) refers to an array of software including Human Capital Management (HCM) and Human Resource Information System (HRIS)that help HR staff take care of an organization’s most valuable assets, people. HR tasks are too complex and time-consuming when performed manually. Leveraging the help of a technological solution like an HRMS can help you save time, cut costs, and manage your staff better.Depending on your needs, you could opt for a simple HR Management Software with features that takes care of day-to-day administrative tasks like Employee Management, Leave Management, etc. Or you could choose a solution that addresses the strategic areas of human resource management like Training & Development, Performance Management, and Recruitment. Keywords: HRM Functions, HRM Effectiveness, HRM Relationships, HRM software.
Prevention and Control of Legionella Infections in Mountain Huts – the New International Recommendation of the Medical Commission of the Union Internationale des Associations d’Alpinisme (UIAA MedCom)
Authors: Donegani Enrico , Zotti Carla , Ditommaso Savina , Stefanetti Maria , Windsor Jeremy , Hillebrandt David , Küpper Thomas
Published: March 2022

Legionnaire’s disease is a life threatening respiratory tract infection that is commonly associated with a stay in communal accommodations such as hotels, hostels, guesthouses and camping sites.In the European Alps and some other areas of the world mountain refuges and huts can sometimes accommodate over 100 guests in almost hotel like comfort. Such a “hut” may have cramped dormitories with multi-occupancy bunks and a basic water supply system possibly with hot water. Some will have showers. The water supply may be limited by the environment. As such these may pose a high risk for transmission of Legionellosis. In an environment of a hut which is more difficult to control than others. Unfortunately countries differ in their guidelines for the prevention of Legionnaire’s disease transmission within tourist accommodation. The aim of this paper is to propose a set of simple and pragmatic rules that can prevent the development of Legionella infections in mountain huts and other accommodations situated in the wilderness environment.
Practicability of Enteritis – prevention in Trekking and Mountaineering at High Altitude by Systematic Hand Disinfection
Authors: Ulmer Hans-Volkhart , Risse Julia , Küpper Thomas
Published: March 2022

Introduction: The hygienic conditions during trekking or mountaineering at high altitudes are reduced, especially regarding defecation and hand hygiene. An additional problem exists in regions above the snowline, especially in highly frequented regions: snow may be contaminated by faecal microbes, causing diarrhea. Prevention against faecal-oral infections must include not only disinfection of drinking water, but hand disinfection, too, e.g. by a water-free hand gel. The practicability of this measure was tested during a Himalaya expedition on the way to Mt. Everest. Material and methods: 10 participants were instructed to use Stokosept-Gel, an alcohol based skin disinfectant, at least prior to meals, after using a toilet and after handling boot-laces and to note each use (including additional occasions). Results: A very good practicability of using the hand gel, which was absorbed quickly (ca. ¼ min) was reported. 100 ml were sufficient for at least 2 weeks and there were no side effects or problems at the skin. During the mountaineering phase which included a total of 250 person days in the field no diarrhea occurred. Conclusion: We conclude that using such hand gels is – additional to other procedures – a very practical prevention against diarrhea in mountaineering at high altitude.
Selected therapeutic methods affecting the health and quality of life of chronically dermatologically ill people
Authors: Ścisłowska-Czarnecka Anna , Matuła Aleksandra , Bac Aneta , Lizak Amelia , Wilk Monika
Published: March 2022

The skin is one of the first organs that manifest disorders of homeostasis occurring in the body. Chronic diseases that manifest themselves as skin problems are often associated with severe stress and the accompanying anxiety, uncertainty and pain, which consequently reduce the quality of patients’ lives. Both stress and dermatoses trigger a cycle of neurohormonal reactions in the body that affects the functioning of the nervous, endocrine and immune systems. The data presented in this article indicate a relationship between stress, the functioning of the immune system and the quality of life of patients with chronic dermatological diseases. The article stresses the necessity of a holistic approach to skin problems in cosmetology, which is a very important element of its care and can decrease stress. Therefore, we believe that care and beauty treatments in combination with aromatherapy and music therapy can complement classical therapy. By reducing stress levels and improving the patient’s health, they can increase the quality of life.
IMMOBILIZATION OF CLEA-LIPASE OF Hevea brasiliensis ONTO MAGNETIC NANOPARTICLES FOR ENHANCED BIOCATALYTIC PERFORMANCE
Authors: AB AZIZ AL SAFI NUR AMALIN , YUSOF FARIDAH
Published: March 2022

Skim latex from Hevea brasiliensis consists of many useful proteins and enzymes that can be utilized to produce value-added products for industrial purposes. In this project, to enhance the properties of the recovered lipase from skim latex serum, this enzyme was immobilized via cross-linked enzyme aggregates (CLEA) technology, and supported by magnetic nanoparticles (MNP-CLEA-lipase). MNP-CLEA-lipase was prepared by chemical cross-linking of enzyme aggregates with amino functionalized MNP, which can easily be separated from the spent media after use by magnetic field. The performances of the newly produced MNP-CLEA-lipase were compared with its unsupported counterpart, CLEA-lipase. The optimum conditions for the preparation of CLEA-lipase was carried out by using 45% saturated (NH4)2SO4 and 50 mM glutaraldehyde (GA), whereas for MNP-CLEA-lipase, it was carried out by using 70% saturated (NH4)2SO4 and 60 mM GA. The optimum pH changes from 6 to 8 when CLEA-lipase is supported, while achieving a maximum of 69.92% residual activity (RA) compared to 20.66% for the unsupported CLEA-lipase. However, the optimum temperature for both are the same (35°C), with MNP-CLEA-lipase achieving 85.89% RA compared to 31.91% for the unsupported ones. Stability studies carried out on both showed that MNP-CLEA-lipase has higher thermal (25–60°C) and pH (5–10) stabilities compared to its unsupported counterparts. As for the reusability of enzymes, MNP-CLEA-lipase retained 56.46% of residual activity after six cycles of reuse. The FESEM results showed that the MNP-CLEA-lipase is a Type 2, which is less structured, and this has bearings towards its activities. FTIR analysis showed the presence of Amide I and Amide II bands in MNP-CLEA-lipase, originating from the newly formed cross-linked between the silanized MNP and CLEA-lipase. Overall, MNP supported CLEA-lipase showed better performance compared to the unsupported biocatalyst.
CHARACTERISATION OF AmCCR1 AND pseudoCOMTAm PROMOTERS IN Acacia mangium
Authors: ABDUL LATIF AZMAH , TAM SHEH MAY , RATNAM WICKNESWARI
Published: March 2022

Acacia mangium is one of the most important species in forest plantation industry in Southeast Asia. Lignin is a complex polymer found in plant which has to be removed using harsh and toxic chemicals for the production of high quality paper. Understanding the complex pathway that underlies the regulation of lignin biosynthetic genes requires in depth knowledge of the genes involved and it’s regulatory elements. Using Thermal Asymmetric Interlaced PCR, a 770bp promoter of pseudoCOMTAm and 619bp of AmCCR1 promoter were isolated. Bioinformatics analysis revealed the presence of cis acting elements commonly found in lignin biosynthetic genes such as TATA box, CAAT box, W box, AC-I and AC-11 elements on both promoters.
CHARACTERIZATION OF HAZELNUT OIL EXTRACTED BY ULTRASOUND ASSISTED SOLVENT EXTRACTION
Authors: GEOW CHIN HONG , TAN MEI CHING , CHIN NYUK LING
Published: March 2022

In this study, ultrasound treatment was used to enhance the oil yield of hazelnut oil. The oil was extracted by using hexane with 15 min ultrasound treatment initially. Ultrasound amplitude (30, 60 and 90%), solvent to solid ratio (6:1, 8:1 and 10:1 mL/g) and extraction temperatures (28, 38 and 48°C) gave positive effect on oil yield. Higher oil yield of 88.78% was achieved at highest settings of ultrasound amplitude, solvent to solid ratio and temperature as compared to 69.57% obtained from the lowest settings of those parameters. Characterization of extracted oil in terms of iodine value, acid value, and peroxide value were carried out in this study. The results showed that ultrasound treatment would not significantly (p>0.10) affect those values. All the values obtained were in the range of acceptable levels for edible oil. In term of fatty acid, gas chromatograph analysis results showed that around 9% of saturated and 91% of unsaturated fatty acids were observed in hazelnut oil for all the amplitudes applied. More crack structures were observed on the surface of hazelnut samples after ultrasound treatment under scanning electron microscopy images, which could enhance the oil yield. This concluded that extraction with ultrasound aid could be used as an alternative extraction method for hazelnut oil with no negative impact on oil quality.
IDENTIFICATION OF METABOLITE PROFILE IN HALAL AND NON-HALAL BROILER CHICKENS USING FOURIER-TRANSFORM INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY (FTIR) AND ULTRA HIGH PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY- TIME OF FLIGHT- MASS SPECTROMETRY (UHPLC-TOF-MS)
Authors: MOHAMED ALI NURFATIN SYAHIRAH , ZABIDI ATIQAH RUQAYYAH , MANAP MOHD NAZMI ABD , ZAHARI SHIKH MOHD SHAHRUL NIZAN SHIKH , YAHAYA NAZARIYAH
Published: March 2022

In Malaysia halal meat is fully defined by Jabatan Kemajuan Islam Malaysia (JAKIM) based on the killing method. Halal meat is usually associated with quality as Muslim sought meat from animal killed using Islamic method. In order to ensure the food are meeting the Halal and thoyyiban aspects, the procedure must be monitored along the supply chains beginning from farm to fork. However, there are lack of studies on effect of slaughtering methods on chickens’ metabolite profile. Therefore, metabolomics approach by Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) And Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography- Time of Flight- Mass Spectrometry (UHPLC-TOF-MS) are used in this study to understand the metabolite profile of chickens when subjected to different slaughtering process. The broiler chickens were subjected to Halal (Islamic tradition) and non-Halal slaughtering method (neck poking) where pectoral major muscle tissues from the slaughtered meat were selected for FTIR and UHPLC-TOF-MS analysis. Results from FTIR analysis showed Halal and non-Halal chicken displayed different spectra regardless time of extraction, which was 0 and 24 hours. Spectra obtained from UHPLC-TOF- MS were further analyzed for statistical analysis, which are Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Partial Least-Squares Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) using MetaboAnalyst 4.0. PLS-DA model showed higher intensity of histidine and inosine was recorded in non-Halal chicken while Halal chicken has higher concentration of hypoxanthine. Result from this study indicates that method of slaughter affects the metabolite profile of chicken
ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF Klebsiella pneumoniae IN STREET FOODS AND DRINKS IN YOGYAKARTA, INDONESIA
Authors: BUDIARSO TRI YAHYA , PRIHATMO GURUH , RESTIANI RATIH , PAKPAHAN SUHENDRA
Published: March 2022

Healthy foods do not contain harmful ingredients that tend to disrupt the body system, since they are not exposed to bacterial infections, in contrast to street foods which are very vulnerable to bacterial contamination, making them dangerous for consumption. The presence of Klebsiella spp. in street foods cause several human infections, such as Urinary Tract Infections (UTI), pneumonia, septicemia, meningitis, rhinoscleroma, ozaena, sinusitis, otitis, enteritis, appendicitis, and cholecystitis. Therefore, this study aims to determine bacterial contamination specifically by K. pneumoniae in street foods and drinks. A total of 120 samples were collected from schools and public places often visited by people in Yogyakarta, then processed and subjected to microbiological analysis. From the result, the typical red colonies indicated the presence of Klebsiella on the CCA medium and confirmed using the API-20E kit. It was also observed that 11 samples were contaminated with K. pneumoniae, while 3 samples were identified with K. oxytoca, which demonstrated the presence of bacteria in street foods and drinks. Therefore, government and the Indonesian Agency for Drug and Food Control (BPOM) are encouraged to actively disseminate the benefits of healthy food and provide adequate supervision of food vendors.
PROBIOTIC PROPERTIES OF ANTIMICROBIAL-PRODUCING LACTIC ACID BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM DAIRY PRODUCTS AND RAW MILK OF SABAH (NORTHERN BORNEO), MALAYSIA
Authors: KASIMIN MELISA ELSIE , MOHD. FAIK AINOL AZIFA , JANI JAEYRES , ABBASILIASI SAHAR , B. ARIFF ARBAKARIYA , JAWAN ROSLINA
Published: March 2022

-
COMMERCIAL EYE DROPS TRIGGERS NECROTIC EFFECT IN Acanthamoeba sp.
Authors: HASHIM FATIMAH , MOHD ZULKEFFLI NUR A’FIEFAH BINTI , ABIDIN ZAFIRAH NAJWA ZAINAL , HASSIM MUHAMAD FAIRUS NOOR , SANTHANAM RAMESH KUMAR
Published: March 2022

Eye infection due to microbial infection is hard to treat and painful. Two types of eye drops that are commonly used to relieve eye pain offered by pharmacists have been tested in this study namely solution A (containing tetrahydrozoline hydrochloride) and solution B (containing gentamicin and dexamethasone). The efficacy and the activities of these eye drops were tested on Acanthamoeba sp. (a clinical isolate from an Acanthamoeba keratitis patient) to study the cytotoxicity effects of the solutions on the Acanthamoeba. The Acanthamoeba were exposed to solution A and B for 24 hr and cell viability was assessed using MTT assays, morphological changes using the light microscope and through acridine orange and propidium iodide (AO/PI) staining for cytoplasmic biochemical activities. The IC50 value for Acanthamoeba cell viability was 45.1% and 20.3% for solutions A and B respectively. Morphological observation shows the inhibition of acanthapodia formation on the surface of the cells. Solution A and B-treated Acanthamoeba appeared in the red color of the cytoplasm upon staining with AO/PI indicating a necrotic mode of cell death. This is due to loss of membrane integrity of Acanthamoeba cell membrane after exposed to solution A and B at their IC50 value. It is shown that solutions A and B can cause cell death in trophozoite of Acanthamoeba cells at moderate IC50 value. Unfortunately, the necrosis mode of cell death is not a preferable type of cell death for treating Acanthamoeba infection. Therefore, it can be concluded that solutions A and B are not suitable to treat eye infected with Acanthamoeba sp. as it does not promise absolute healing as the solution concentration needed is quite high and the cell death mechanism is necrosis.
EFFECT OF DIFFERENT SOLVENTS AND TEMPERATURES OF EXTRACTION ON CITRAL CONCENTRATION AND ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES OF FREEZE-DRIED LEMONGRASS (Cymbopogon citratus) POWDER’S EXTRACT
Authors: YAHYA FARIDAH , TENG TAY WEI , IBRAHIM NOR HAYATI
Published: March 2022

This study aimed to determine the effect of different solvents and temperatures on the citral concentration and antioxidant properties of freeze-dried lemongrass powder extract. Freeze-dried lemongrass powder was extracted using three solvent extractions of hexane, petroleum ether, and methanol at three different temperatures of 27°C, 40°C, and 60°C. Citral concentrations of lemongrass extract were identified and quantified by gas chromatography and flame ionization detector (GC-FID) while antioxidant properties were determined using analysis of total phenolic content, DPPH radical scavenging activity, and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay. Results from this study show that the methanol extract at 40°C obtained the highest total yield (37.70 ± 1.78%). Hexane was found to be the most effective solvent to extract citral compound from freeze-dried lemongrass powder with 239.08 ± 1.28 mg/mL of concentration at temperature extraction of 27°C. However, the efficiency of hexane decreasing upon heating. This study suggested that the solvent extraction using methanol at 40°C is the efficient extraction for total phenolic compound (7419.33 ± 110.78 mg GAE/L), DPPH radical scavenging activity (87.45

± 2.70%), and FRAP assay (52.11 ± 0.07 TE/mL) of freeze-dried lemongrass powder.
PEA CRAB DISTRIBUTION AND ITS MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS STUDIED IN BIVALVES FROM SETIU WETLANDS, TERENGGANU
Authors: HARUN NOR OMAIMA , ABDULLAH NIK NUR SHAHIERA CHE , ABDULLAH MHD IKHWANUDDIN
Published: March 2022

Pea crab is a small crustacean known as kleptoparasite and belongs to the family Pinnotheridae, inhabit bivalves, gastropods, and other species. Nonetheless, pea crab is one of the unfamiliar species to the Malaysia citizen and the information is limited. This study aimed to determine the distribution of pea crab from four bivalves species (mud clam, oyster, hard clam and cockle) in Setiu Wetlands, Terengganu. Sampling was conducted twice, in October 2018 and February 2019, in which mud clam, oyster, cockle and hard clam were collected. In this study, the distribution of pea crab was observed by collecting randomly fifty samples of each bivalve at four sites and checked for any presence of pea crab. The size shell length of mud clams measured was 40 to 75 mm, oysters were 30 to 80 mm, marine clams and cockles were 20 to 40 mm. Pea crab presence was analysed and identified for the genus identification based on the microscopic and macroscopic methods. The result showed that, pea crab only present in the mud clam but none in other bivalves. Fifteen pea crabs were isolated from the first sampling (mean=0.3) with 11 females, whilst 13 pea crabs from the second sampling (mean=0.26) with 10 females- identified. The size of the pea crab measured was between 10 mm to 15 mm and belongs to the genus of Arcotheres sp. However, there were other none pea crab species were found in the oyster. On the other hand, the correlation between the carapace width of pea crab and mud clam shell length were analysed using linear regression (r²=0.0699, p=0.341) from first sampling, while (r²=0.2885, p=0.058) from second sampling. The size range of mud clams without pea crab was 35 to 60 mm shell length.
EVALUATION OF PHYTOCHEMICAL AND ANTIBACTERIAL PROPERTIES OF WHITE MULBERRY (Morus alba)
Authors: WAHAB NURUL HUDA ABDUL , HAO HOY ZHEN , MISBAH SUZANA
Published: March 2022

Traditional Chinese Medicine is mainly derived from medicinal herbal plant sources, which are easily obtained and cheaper than modern medicines. One such plant used as a remedy to treat various illnesses is Morus alba, known as white mulberry. This study aimed to screen the phytochemicals of M. alba and examine the potential antibacterial activity against several pathogenic bacteria. Leaves, fruits, and stems of M. alba were extracted using three solvents of different polarities (hexane, ethyl acetate, methanol) to screen the presence of phytochemical constituents, followed by an evaluation of their antimicrobial potential. The qualitative phytochemical tests revealed that carbohydrates, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, steroids, coumarins, alkaloids, and terpenoids were detected in the crude extracts of M. alba. Extracts of ethyl acetate and methanol preparations were subjected to antibacterial susceptibility test using disk diffusion method against Bacillus sp., Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella sp. Interestingly, M. alba methanolic leaf extract showed noticeable antibacterial activity in a dose-dependent manner (concentration range 6.25–100%) against all tested Gram-positive bacteria. Data of this study provide preliminary findings on the potential use of M. alba leaf for the treatment of infections caused by the Gram-positive bacteria.
Kayseri Koşullarında Yetiştirilen Farklı Çerezlik Kabak (Cucurbita Pepo L.) Genotiplerinde Kendileme Depresyonunun Polen Canlılığı Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: KOCA Arzu , BÜLBÜL Hatice , ÖZMEN Özgür
Published: March 2022

Bitki ıslahında dikkate alınması gereken faktörlerden biride polen canlılık yüzdeleridir. Bu nedenle ıslah çalışmalarında polen gelişimi ve fonksiyonu oldukça önemlidir. Hibrit tohum eldesin de kullanılacak olan ebeveyn hatlar belirlenirken polen canlılığını etkileyen faktörlerin ıslahçılar tarafından göz önünde bulundurması önem arz etmektedir. Çiçeklenen bitkilerde tohum veriminin polen canlılığı ile ilişkili olduğu, bitki polen canlılık oranının tohum verimi üzerine olumlu yönde etki ettiği düşünülmektedir. Tohum verimi yüksek bitkilerin polen canlılık yüzdelerinin de yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bu çalışmada son yıllarda Kayseri de üretim alanı ve miktarı açısından hızlı bir ivme kazanan çerezlik kabak (Cucurbita pepo L.) bitkisinde kendileme depresyonunun polen canlılığı üzerine etkisi araştırılmıştır. 23 farklı çerezlik kabak genotipinin bitkisel materyal olarak kullanıldığı çalışma neticesinde bitkilerin kendilenmesi sonucu 2. yılda elde edilen kademelerde çok önemli bir fark belirlenmiştir. 2021 yılında yapılan kendilemeler neticesinde 18 adet genotipin polen canlılık oranının düştüğü gözlemlenmiştir. S0 kademesinde (2020) polen canlılık oranı %90,9, S1 kademesinde (2021) polen canlılık oranı %82,7 oranına düşen G11 genotipi, S0 kademesinde polen canlılık oranı %88,3, S1 kademesinde polen canlılık oranı %81,1 oranına düşen G15 genotipi ve S0 kademesinde %88,6 polen canlılık oranına sahipken S1 kademesinde %83,0 polen canlılık oranıyla G10 genotipi kendileme sonrası polen canlılık oranında en fazla düşmenin gözlemlendiği genotipler olarak belirlenmiştir. Yapılan çalışmada elde edilen sonuçlara göre polen canlılık oranlarında görülen düşme sebebinin kendileme depresyonundan kaynaklandığı düşünülmektedir.
Use of Topographic Map Evidence to Locate a New Cenozoic Glacial History Paradigm’s Deep “Hole” Rim in Northeast New Mexico and Southern Colorado, USA
Authors: Clausen Eric
Published: March 2022

A recently proposed Cenozoic geology and glacial history paradigm requires a thick North American continental ice sheet to have been located within an ice sheet created and occupied deep “hole” and predicts large south-oriented meltwater floods flowed across the deep “hole’s” southern rim before rim uplift progressively diverted floodwaters toward the Mississippi River valley, which in time became the only deep “hole” southern exit (the accepted paradigm does not recognize such an ice sheet created deep “hole”). Possible locations for the new paradigm deep “hole” rim in Great Plains regions east of the Sangre de Cristo Mountains are considered with the one being the Purgatoire-Canadian River drainage divide in the Raton Mesas area along the Colorado-New Mexico border and a second being the Canadian-Pecos River (Arkansas River-Gulf of Mexico) drainage divide in San Miguel County (NM). Detailed topographic maps indicate streams of what could have been south-oriented melt water once crossed the two studied drainage divides with headward erosion of the northeast-oriented Purgatoire River drainage basin diverting south-oriented water toward the east-oriented Arkansas River (and Mississippi River valley) while headward erosion of east-oriented Canadian River tributary valleys beheaded south-oriented flow to the south-southeast oriented Pecos River (flowing to the Rio Grande River–which then flows to the Gulf of Mexico). While the Purgatoire-Canadian River drainage divide has some deep “hole” rim characteristics, those characteristics disappear in an eastward direction and the Canadian River, like the Purgatoire River, is an Arkansas River tributary. East-oriented Canadian River headwaters and tributary valley headward erosion diverted south-oriented flow from the Rio Grande River to the Mississippi River valley (via the Canadian and Arkansas Rivers), which means the new paradigm’s deep “hole” rim southern margin should be located along or near the Arkansas River-Gulf of Mexico drainage divide.
A Proof of the Sylvester Criterion for Quadratic Forms via Optimality Conditions for Quadratic Functions
Authors: Giorgi Giorgio
Published: March 2022

We give a proof of the so-called Sylvester criterion for quadratic forms (for real symmetric matrices), based on elementary optimality properties of quadratic functions.
The Cost of Carbon Leakage: Britain’s Carbon Price Support and Cross-border Electricity Trade
Authors: Guo Bowei , David Newbery
Published: March 2022

Carbon taxes create global benefits unless offset by increased emissions elsewhere. An additional carbon tax in one country may cause leakage through imports and will also increase costs by creating a wedge between economic marginal costs in different markets, causing an offsetting deadweight loss. We estimate the global benefit, carbon leakage and deadweight cost of the British Carbon Price Support (CPS) on GB’s cross-border electricity trade with France and The Netherlands. Over 2015–2020 the unilateral CPS created €72넠 m/yr deadweight loss, about 31% of the initial economic value created by the interconnector, or 2.5% of the global emissions benefit of the CPS at €2.9±0.1 bn/yr. About 16.3±3.5% of the CO2 emissions reduction is undone by France and The Netherlands, the monetary loss of which is about €584±127 m/yr.
Interfascial Plane Blocks: Chasing The Unseen
Authors: Sukmono Raden Besthadi
Published: March 2022

Ultrasound has revolutionized anesthesia practice towards a better and safer technique. Regional anesthesia and pain medicine is one of the fields in anesthesiology that ultrasound has changed in so many ways. One of the main goals of regional anesthesia is to provide analgesia and immobility of certain parts of our body. In the early days of regional anesthesia, local anesthetics (LA) were injected blindly through a needle towards the biggest nerve responsible for innervating the surgical field. As technology advances, especially in image quality department, identification of deeper and smaller structures has become possible. We are now able to differentiate layers of neural structure (epineurium, perineurium, and endoneurium) with ultrasound image and manage to pinpoint the exact location for LA deposition. This translates as faster onset of blocks, enhancement of block quality, and safer blocks in terms of neurotoxicity and systemic toxicity. Regional anesthesia has long been employed as means of intraoperative and postoperative analgesia. Interfascial block works on a principle that by injecting local anesthetics in large volumes between two layers of fascia will create a potential space that bathe numerous neural targets residing in between these layers. This eventually block a certain area based on the extent of the space created. Multiple planar endpoints may exist for the same neural target due to the contiguous connection of fascial planes around the body. The knowledge of interconnecting potential space and multiple neural target opens the question that needed to be answered with studies and research about interfascial block. Are these minimally invasive blocks are as good as the real block? Will the clinical parameters and the future studies show that? We’ll look forward to see them in the near future.
Penggunaan Milrinon pada Pasien dengan Sindrom Eisenmenger yang Menjalani Operasi Seksio Sesarea
Authors: Dwiputra Anggara Gilang , Soenarto Ratna Farida
Published: March 2022

Sindrom Eisenmeger adalah kelainan jantung dengan karakteristik hipertensi pulmonal yang disertai pirau kanan ke kiri ataupun dua arah, akibat jangka panjang defek septum interventrikel atau patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) yang tidak diterapi. Kehamilan sulit ditoleransi pada pasien dengan sindrom Eisenmenger dimana mortalitas ibu mencapai 30-50%. Perubahan fisiologis menurunkan tahanan vaskular sistemik yang memperburuk pirau. Seksio Sesarea merupakan pilihan teknik persalinan pada kondisi tersebut. Kami melaporkan dua pasien dengan sindrom Eisenmenger yang berhasil menjalani seksio sesarea dengan anestesi umum. Anestesi umum dilakukan dengan teknik titrasi dan menggunakan obat dengan pengaruh minimal terhadap sistem kardiovaskular. Selama operasi pasien diberikan milrinon yang dikombinasikan dengan agen katekolamin. Pascaoperasi pasien dirawat di ICU. Selama perawatan di ICU tidak ada komplikasi signifikan yang terjadi. Pasien pertama berhasil pindah ke ruang rawat pada hari ke-3 pascaoperasi, sedangkan pasien ke-2 pindah pada hari ke-7 pascaoperasi. Tujuan manajemen anestesi pada pasien sindrom Eisenmenger adalah mempertahankan SVR, menjaga kecukupan volume intravaskular dan mencegah peningkatan lebih jauh PVR. Penggunaan milrinon yang dikombinasikan dengan agen katekolamin dapat membantu tercapainya tujuan tersebut sehingga dapat memperbaiki oksigenasi dan mempertahankan hemodinamik pasien. Walaupun kehamilan pada pasien Eisenmenger tidak dianjurkan, namun persalinan melalui seksio Sesarea masih dapat dilakukan dengan manajemen yang baik.
Comparison of C-MAC® Video Laryngoscope and Macintosh Conventional Laryngoscope for Nasotracheal Intubation Convenience in Adult Malay Race Population
Authors: Heriwardito Aldy , Rahendra  , Wicaksono Ananto Wiji
Published: March 2022

Background: Nasotracheal intubation is a widely used airway management method, especially in oral surgeries. Various devices were found to perform intubation techniques, such as video laryngoscopes. C-MAC® video laryngoscope enables better glottis visualization compared to the Machintosh conventional laryngoscope. C-MAC® demonstrates higher success rates of orotracheal intubation especially in difficult airway cases. However, this device has not been commonly used in nasotracheal intubation yet.

Methods: A single blinded randomized clinical trial study of 86 subjects were done to compare the use of C-MAC® video laryngoscope and Macintosh conventional laryngoscope with reference to their success rates of intubation and duration of nasotracheal intubation in adult Malay patients. Patients with difficult airway, pregnancy, acute ischemic heart disease, heart failure, second- or third-degree block, uncontrolled hypertension, Guillen Barre syndrome, Myasthenia Gravis, and contraindications to nasotracheal intubation were excluded.

Results: C-MAC® demonstrated a higher success rate at first attempt of intubation (RR 1,265, 95% CI (1,084-1,475)) and required a shorter duration of intubation (p value <0.001) compared to the Macintosh conventional laryngoscopes in adult Malay.

Conclusion: In adult Malay patients, nasotracheal intubation is better performed with the C-MAC® video laryngoscope compared to the Macintosh conventional laryngoscope. High rate of successful first attempt and shorter duration of the process indicate more convenient and easier intubation.
Efektivitas Klonidin Dosis 2 Mcg/Kg di Awal Induksi Dalam Menurunkan Angka Kejadian Emergence Delirium Pada Pasien Anak yang Menjalani Operasi Mata
Authors: Rahendra  , Mahendra Kadek Yogi , Kapuangan Christopher , Zahra Raihanita , Ramlan Andi Ade Wijaya
Published: March 2022

Latar belakang. Emergence delirium (ED) adalah suatu kondisi yang umum terjadi, pada pasien anak-anak yang menjalani pembedahan, dimana anak menjadi sangat agitasi, memberontak, dan sulit untuk diredakan serta berpotensi membahayakan dirinya sendiri maupun orang lain dengan insidensi di RSCM sebesar 39,7%. Etiologi, faktor resiko, dan patofisiologi diperkirakan multifaktorial. Berbagai upaya dan strategi telah diusahakan untuk mencegah kejadian tidak menyenangkan ini.

Metode. Penelitian uji klinik acak tersamar ganda pada anak usia 1-8 tahun yang menjalani operasi mata dengan anestesia umum di OK Kirana FKUI-RSCM pada bulan Januari-Maret 2020. Sebanyak 108 subjek didapatkan dengan metode konsekutif yang dirandomisasi menjadi dua kelompok. Kelompok klonidin (n = 54) mendapat klonidin 2 mcg/kgbb bolus IV lambat saat induksi anestesia, sedangkan kontrol (n = 54) mendapat NaCl 0,9%. Kejadian ED, waktu pulih, waktu pindah, derajat nyeri, dan efek samping hipotensi dan bradikardia selama dan pascaoperasi dicatat. ED dinilai dengan Pediatric Anesthesia Emergence Delirium (PAED).

Hasil. Kejadian ED pada kelompok klonidin sebesar 29,6% sedangkan kontrol 31,5% (IK 95% 0,481-2,475; p=0,835). Waktu pulih kelompok klonidin memiliki nilai rerata 6 menit dibandingkan kelompok kontrol selama 5 menit (p=0,998). Nyeri sedang dirasakan pada 3,7% kelompok klonidin berbanding 0% paqda kelompok kontrol. Hipotensi dialami pada 1 pasien di kelompok klonidin dan 1 pasien di kelompok kontrol, sedangkan bradikardia ditemukan pada 2 pasien di kelompok klonidin dan 3 pasien di kelompok kontrol

Simpulan. Pemberian klonidin 2 mcg/kgbb bolus IV lambat di awal induksi tidak lebih efektif dibanding plasebo dalam mencegah kejadian ED pada pasien anak yang menjalani operasi mata
"Improve the Photovoltaic Performing of Carbon-Form Perovskite Solar Cells "
Authors: Choudhary Deepak
Published: March 2022

A solvent-assisted approach was established to make CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite absorber layers. A mixture of CH3NH3I, PbI2, c-butyrolactone, and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was used, followed by the addition of chlorobenzene (CB). The approach produced ultra-flat and dense perovskite capping layers atop mesoporous films TiO2, allowing for a significant boost in the performance of carbon electrode-form perovskite solar cells using free whole transport material (HTM) (PSCs). As a comparative solvent, toluene (TO) was also investigated. The generated HTM-free PSCs form on drop-casting CB showed a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 9.73 percent at an annealing temperature of 100 C, which is 36 and 71 percent greater than those fabricated from perovskite films using TO or without adding an additional solvent, respectively. The interaction between the intermediate phase of PbI2–DMSO–CH3NH3I and the extra solvent was discussed. The effect of annealing temperature on absorber film development, morphology, and crystalline structure was also examined, and the results were connected with photovoltaic performance. Highly efficient, simple, and stable HTM-free solar cells with a PCE of 11.44 percent were created using the best perovskite absorbers annealed at 120 C.
A System Model of Fault Tolerance Technique in the Distributed and Scalable System: A Review
Authors: Dhawan Deepika , Ahmad Dr Faiyaz , Tripathi Manish Madhava
Published: March 2022

Fault tolerance is one of the most crucial concerns in distributed systems. Flout tolerance system is very difficult to implement due to its dynamic nature and complex services. Several research efforts consare istently being made to implement that tolerance in a distributed system. Some recent surveys try to incorporate the several fault tolerance architectures and methodologies proposed for a distributed system. This paper gives a systematic and comprehensive interpretation of different fault types, their causes, and various fault-tolerance approaches used in a distributed system. The paper presents a broad survey of various fault tolerance frameworks in the context of their basic approaches, fault applicability, and other key features. we investigate the different techniques of fault tolerance which is used in a distributed and scalable system. Scalability is an important factor in distributed Systems. It describes the ability of the system to dynamically adjust its own computing performance by changing available computing resources and scheduling methods. The focus of this paper is on types of faults occurring in the system and fault detection techniques. A fault can occur in the system due to the link failure or for any other reason. An appropriate fault detection technique can avoid a loss and save from system failure. The main objective of the fault-tolerant computer system is to continue operating uninterrupted despite the failure of one or more of its components. In the early day’s computer systems were not distributed and they also did not share resources. Now, most of the computers are distributed. They work independently on a common task. So, if one system gets any fault then the other systems will take over the computation of the fault system. The user will not get any issues with his tasks.
Determinants of Economic Growth in the Kedu Residency Period 2010-2019
Authors: Riski Dewanti Luthfiana , Jalunggono Gentur
Published: March 2022

Economic growth is very important to measure economic progress as a result of national development. Several factors can be used in calculating economic growth. The purpose of this study is to analyze how the influence of Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP), Human Development Index (HDI) and total poor population on economic growth in the Kedu Residency. This research was conducted in districts or cities in the Kedu residency area for 10 years starting from the period 2010-2019. This study uses a fixed effect model. The analysis shows that the Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) variable and the Human Development Index (HDI) together have a positive and significant effect on economic growth in the Kedu Residency. Variable of poor people has a positive and significant influence on economic growth in the Kedu Residency.
COVID-19 and Corporate Cash Holdings in Indonesia
Authors: Sutrisno Bambang
Published: March 2022

The COVID-19 outbreak highly affected the continuity of public firms. Cash holding decisions are one of the captivating issues in the corporate finance area during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study examines the difference in cash holding levels before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Public firms included in the LQ45 index are examined. By employing a paired-samples t-test, the results show a significant difference in cash holding level before and after the COVID-19 pandemic exists. This result supports the precautionary motive for saving cash amid the COVID-19. This study implies that the managers should increase the cash holding level during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Effect of Return On Investment and Return On Equity of Share Return PT Bank Rakyat Indonesia Tbk Between 2011-2020
Authors: Sulastri Dede
Published: March 2022

This study aims to determine whether or not there is an effect of Return On Investment on Stock Return and Return On Equity on Stock Return. The company under study is PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia Tbk. 2011-2020 period. The data used in this research is secondary data. Using descriptive research methods and the data is quantitative. The analytical method used in this research is multiple linear regression analysis with classical assumption test and hypothesis testing. The variables used are Return On Investment (X1) and Return On Equity (X2) on Stock Return (Y). and the coefficient of determination at a significant level of 25.7%. Simultaneously ROI and ROE have no significant effect on Stock Return at PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia Tbk. 2011-2020 period.
PREDIKSI PENYEBAB KECELAKAAN LALU LINTAS DI JALAN LINTANG KABUPATEN ACEH TENGAH MENGUNAKAN METODE APRIORI
Authors: Septima Richasanty , Zulfa Ira , Fajri Muhammad
Published: March 2022

The increasing number of traffic accidents from year to year requires serious attention and mitigation. Because considering that traffic accidents are a high enough killer factor. The dominant factor that causes the accident is difficult to know, because the driver's error factor is still the benchmark, especially on Jalan Lintang Kampung Kemili. Bebesen District, Central Aceh Regency. The Apriori method works by finding the frequent item set from a data stored in a large database. Aims to find out the dominant causes of traffic accidents. The basic idea of ​​the Apriori algorithm is to find a combination of items that meet the minimum requirements of the support value in the database. The support value of an item is obtained Frequent itemset which shows the itemset that has a frequency of occurrence more than the specified minimum value. The results of the multiplication between the support and confidence factors that caused accidents that often occurred during 2018 were caused by drivers under U (age) who often violated traffic and the physical condition of the drivers causing a high accident rate with a support value of 16% and a confidence value of 50%.
Aspecte interculturale in predarea si invatarea limbii romane ca limba straina
Authors: Nistor Cristina Mihaela , Sălvan Mirela-Sanda , Pricope Mihaela
Published: March 2022

Cartea propune o abordare interculturala a predarii si invatarii limbii romane ca limba straina, cu toate provocarile si satisfactiile pe care le implica aceasta activitate. Prima parte reprezinta o incursiune in domeniul predarii LRLS pe plan international, luand in considerare aspecte ale politicii migratorii, dar si formarea competentelor de comunicare in limba romana in context intercultural.
Análise das prescrições de medicamentos na atenção primária à saúde de um município Centro-potiguar
Authors: Jota Christyan de Azevedo , Batista Almária Mariz
Published: March 2022

Introdução: A não conformidade de prescrições de medicamentos com normativas que regulamentam esse processo é uma realidade do processo de cuidado em saúde. Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar prescrições médicas e odontológicas do sistema primário de saúde do município de Angicos, Rio Grande do Norte de acordo com a legislação em vigor. Métodos: Desenvolveu-se estudo transversal de caráter descritivo-exploratório. Constituíram objeto de análise segundas vias de prescrições e receituário de controle especial elaborados por todos os médicos e odontólogos lotados na atenção primária desse município, no período de janeiro a junho de 2018. Verificaram-se itens como presença de nome do paciente, idade, sexo, via de administração, dosagem/concentração, duração do tratamento, nomenclatura do medicamento, carimbo e assinatura do prescritor. Resultados: Analisaram-se 3.725 prescrições, em que 566 (15,19%) estavam não conformes com a legislação, sendo mais problemáticos os itens identificação do usuário (68,02%), data da prescrição (34,10%), nomenclatura do medicamento por denominação comum brasileira/internacional (18,02%), duração do tratamento (13,96%) e posologia (10,60%). Conclusões: Esses resultados apontam para a necessidade de que estratégias de educação permanente e fiscalização quanto ao cumprimento da legislação sejam desenvolvidas de forma mais assídua.
Diagnóstico e tratamento de infecções sexualmente transmissíveis realizados por enfermeiros na Atenção Primária à Saúde
Authors: Andrade Bruna , Pedebos Lucas Alexandre , Silva Ana Carolina Severino da , Amante Lúcia Nazareth , Paes Lucilene Gama , Paese Fernanda
Published: March 2022

Introdução: No final da década de 1990, iniciou-se as atividades de prevenção das infecções sexualmente transmissíveis para a atenção primária à saúde. Nas duas últimas décadas, vem ocorrendo uma ampliação da assistência de enfermeiros no tratamento dessas infecções. A Lei do Exercício Profissional da Enfermagem nº 7.498./86, garante aos enfermeiros na consulta de enfermagem o direito de realizar a prescrição de medicamentos aprovados por protocolos institucionais. Objetivo: Verificar se os enfermeiros que atuam na Atenção Primária à Saúde de Florianópolis se sentem aptos para a execução do diagnóstico e do tratamento medicamentoso das infecções sexualmente transmissíveis (IST) com base nos Protocolos de Enfermagem do município. Métodos: Pesquisa exploratório-descritiva de abordagem qualitativa realizada por meio de entrevista semiestruturada com perguntas disparadoras. Foram entrevistados dez enfermeiros assistenciais da Atenção Primária à Saúde do município. Os dados foram analisados segundo a técnica de Bardin.  Resultados: Identificaram-se duas categorias analíticas: “O enfermeiro e a (re)construção de sua prática profissional” e “O enfermeiro e a sua contribuição na qualidade de serviço na Atenção Primária à Saúde”.  Conclusões: Os enfermeiros da rede assistencial da Atenção Primária à Saúde de Florianópolis mostram-se altamente qualificados e sentem-se capazes de responder adequadamente às necessidades de sua prática profissional.
Tradução, adaptação transcultural e validação de questionário de satisfação em telemedicina
Authors: Moreira Taís de Campos , Constant Hilda Maria , Gomes Faria Amanda , Matzenbacher Ana Maria Frölich , Balardin Giuliano Uhlein , Matturro Lucas , Silva Márcio Santanna da , Umpierre Roberto Nunes , Rodrigues Átila Szczecinski , Cabral Felipe Cezar , Pagano Cassia Garcia Moraes
Published: March 2022

Introdução: A telemedicina facilita o acesso ao cuidado para os pacientes. Essa tecnologia tem apresentado bons resultados clínicos e de satisfação dos usuários. A satisfação é um dos principais indicadores de qualidade dos serviços, e sua avaliação permite mudanças na qualidade da prestação de cuidados, identifica problemas e viabiliza a melhor gestão e os melhores comportamentos dos profissionais de saúde. Do aumento do uso da telemedicina no mundo emergiu a necessidade de entendimento da qualidade desse serviço. Objetivo: Traduzir, adaptar culturalmente e validar um questionário para avaliação da satisfação de pacientes atendidos por telemedicina. Métodos: A versão adaptada após a avaliação por um comitê de juízes foi utilizada em pré-teste com 30 pacientes atendidos no projeto TeleOftalmo. Os resultados do pré-teste foram avaliados a fim de se obter uma versão adequada do instrumento. Além disso, o instrumento foi aplicado em uma amostra de 141 pacientes atendidos via telemedicina. Análises de consistência interna e de validação de constructo foram realizadas. Resultados: O coeficiente de validade de conteúdo (CVC) global foi 0,942, demonstrando clareza, pertinência e relevância das questões. O instrumento apresentou consistência interna com alfa de Cronbach estandardizado de 0,6, considerado aceitável. A análise fatorial exploratória apresentou critério de Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin de adequação de amostragem de 0,56 e o teste de esfericidade de Bartlett apresentou valor de 0,001. Conclusões: A versão brasileira do Questionário de Avaliação da Satisfação de Pacientes Atendidos via Telemedicina (QAS-Tele) é um instrumento fácil e viável para a avaliação da satisfação dos pacientes atendidos por telemedicina.
SUSCETIBILIDADE À EROSÃO LAMINAR NA BACIA HIDROGRÁFICA DO RIBEIRÃO DOURADINHO, NO TRIÂNGULO MINEIRO
Authors: Silva João Victor Freitas , Ferreira Vanderlei de Oliveira
Published: March 2022

Os estudos sobre suscetibilidade erosiva dos solos têm como propósito principal auxiliar na gestão territorial e no desenvolvimento de práticas e ações estratégicas voltadas ao planejamento ambiental, buscando o uso sustentável dos recursos naturais. Nesse sentido, o presente texto relata resultados de pesquisa dedicada ao levantamento da susceptibilidade natural à erosão laminar na bacia hidrográfica do Ribeirão Douradinho, no Triângulo Mineiro, na tentativa de contribuir para o direcionamento do uso e manejo dos solos, tendo em vista a necessidade de prevenção e controle dos processos erosivos. Nessa avaliação foram analisados os fatores referentes à erosividade das chuvas, erodibilidade dos solos, declividade do terreno e comprimento das encostas, conforme procedimentos propostos por Salomão (1999). Na bacia estudada, a integração dessas informações de ordem natural resultou em três diferentes classes de suscetibilidade à erosão laminar, sendo estas: muito suscetível (II), moderadamente suscetível (III) e pouco suscetível (IV). De modo geral, pode-se constatar que quase metade da área da bacia apresenta suscetibilidade moderada que, quando somada às áreas muito suscetíveis, alcançam aproximadamente 65% da área total do local estudado.