bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Low-Cost Electronic Nose for Robusta and Arabica Coffee Classification Using 1-D Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Iswanto B H , Muflih A M , Baith H M
Published: October 2024

The use of an electronic nose (e-nose) employing MQ-series sensors has become increasingly popular due to its cost-effectiveness. However, the impact of varying sampling durations on its performance, particularly in distinguishing between Robusta and Arabica coffee, has not been extensively studied. This research investigates how different sampling durations affect the e-nose’s classification accuracy. The study utilizes a 1D Convolutional Neural Network (1D-CNN) and a Support Vector Machine (SVM), with both models enhanced by a Savitzky-Golay filter to reduce noise and improve data quality. Feature selection techniques are applied to address data complexity and improve model performance. The experimental results indicate that the 1D-CNN model achieves optimal accuracy of up to 100% at a sampling duration of 200 seconds, while the SVM reaches approximately 92% accuracy under the same conditions. Notably, for applications requiring faster processing times, the SVM proves to be more effective, achieving 70% accuracy at a 20-second sampling interval, compared to 60% for the 1D-CNN. The study demonstrates that integrating MQ sensors in e-nose systems can yield effective classification results for coffee varieties, even with shorter sampling times. These findings have the potential to influence the development of cost-effective e-nose devices, making them more accessible to small and medium-sized industrial enterprises.
Verification on Molybdenum-99 (99Mo) Breakthrough from Non-Fission 99Mo/99mTc Generator to Produce Technetium-99m (99mTc) Medical Radionuclide
Authors: Ramadhanti N Z , Febriana S
Published: October 2024

The medical radionuclide 99mTc is the most widely used type of radionuclide in the field of nuclear medicine. 99mTc is the decay product of 99Mo. One of the quality control parameters of 99mTc is the 99Mo breakthrough limit. It is important to know the 99Mo breakthrough so that the quality of 99mTc produced can be optimal for diagnosis in nuclear medicine. This study aims to verify the 99Mo breakthrough activity from a non-fission 99Mo/99mTc generator whether they meet the established international limit standard. This research used a non-fission 99Mo/99mTc generator produced in multipurpose reactor G.A. Siwabessy, Indonesia. Gamma Spectrometer measurement of 99Mo and two 5 mL liquid standard sources of mix 133Ba and 152Eu used the same geometry. First standard as a calibration and efficiency identification function while the second standard is used to verify the measurement each at 3, 5, 7, 9 and 11 cm source to detector distance respectively. The 99Mo breakthrough activity (µCi) then devided to the activity of 99mTc (mCi) for the six eluted product from each days elution process of the generator. The results obtained showed that the 99Mo elution in the first elution had the highest breakthrough of 0.233 uCi 99Mo /mCi 99mTc, which exceeded the set limit of 0.15 uCi 99Mo /mCi 99mTc. While in the second, third, fourth, and fifth elution still have the 99Mo breakthrough, but these breakthrough did not exceed the limit and met one of the requirements of the 99mTc medical radionuclide parameter.
Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) Application For Short-Term Earthquake Precursor Analysis Using Geomagnetic Data (Case Study of Kupang Geomagnetic Station, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia)
Authors: Utami A , Febriani F , Irayani Z , Dewi C N , Ratnasari E A , Nuraeni F
Published: October 2024

Earthquake (EQ) precursors have been identified from ULF geomagnetic enhancements related to a moderate EQ in Kupang, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Three components of geomagnetic data (X, Y, and Z) collected during January-June 2010 were analyzed. The EQ occurred on May 7, 2010, and its epicenter was 27.78 km from the KPG Geomagnetic Station. The magnitude and depth of the EQ were 5 and 11.3 km, respectively. This study investigated the energy of ULF geomagnetic signals in the frequency range of 0.03 to 0.04 Hz using SDR based on FFT. The results showed that the geomagnetic energy increased approximately three days before the EQ. Due to the significant magnitude and relative proximity of the EQ to the observation station, it can be concluded that the closer the geomagnetic station from the EQ source, the more likely it is to detect anomalies caused by the EQ. Despite the increase in geomagnetic energy, the Dst index which measures the global activity of the geomagnetic variation in low-latitude regions does not indicate any extraordinary global geomagnetic activity. This indicates that geomagnetic anomalies are most likely related to EQ events.
Finding The Relationship between Pulsation Motion and Hα Emission Lines on γ Cas using Photometric and Spectroscopic Data
Authors: Dewi M , Aprilia
Published: October 2024

Pulsating stars show variability in brightness due to changes in their volume. There are two types of pulsation/oscillation: radial and non-radial. Radial oscillation keeps the symmetrical shape of the star, while non-radial oscillation does not. We study a pulsating star: γ Cas, classified as a B0.5 IVe variable star because of its pulsations and also an emission star due to the emission lines in its spectra. When a star pulsates, its atmosphere expands and contracts, potentially leading to the formation of shock waves. Observational features such as discontinuities in the radial velocity curve and emission lines support this phenomenon. In this study, we analyse the relationship between pulsation motion and the H

α
emission lines of γ Cas using photometric and spectroscopic data. Photometric data is obtained from the BRIght Target Explorer (BRITE) catalog, while spectroscopic data comes from the Be Star Spectra (BeSS) catalog. Both datasets cover the same observational dates: August 28 to October 26, 2015. Confirming the pulsation period of γ Cas at 1.21 days, we also discover an added pulsation period of 10 days from photometric data. To confirm this, we examine spectroscopic data from three specific dates: August 28, September 7, and 27, 2015. Notably, the relative flux of the H

α
emission lines continue to increase, leading us to conclude that these lines are indeed caused by the pulsation of γ Cas.
A Typical of Tsunami Generation Caused by Volcano Flank Collapse in Banda Neira, Maluku, Indonesia
Authors: Setyonegoro Wiko , Syahbana Arifan Jaya , Pranoto Hardjo , Haryadi Yudo , Prasetio Aditya Dwi , Pratama Aditya , Anggono Titi , Hanif Muhammad , Khoiridah Sayyidatul , Turyana Iyan , Ramdhan Mohamad
Published: October 2024

The history eruption of the Banda volcanoes was recorded in 1632, 1816, and 1988 and was preceded by significant earthquakes. In the eruption in 2017, there were 28 volcanic earthquakes, indicating a rock cracking process due to the movement of magma in the form of gas, liquid, and rock solids. We suspect that when the earthquake occurs, the rock-cracking process upon the eruption will potentially trigger the volcano flank to collapse into the sea and generate a tsunami in the Banda Naira and surrounding area. We contribute to modeling the travel time and tsunami inundation resulting from the flank collapse of Banda Volcano. BATNAS bathymetry data is used to run tsunami simulations. We use aerial photography from field survey data to interpret Banda Volcano failure parameters, including diameter, direction of sliding of the collapse, and slope of the collapse of the side of the Banda Volcano. Based on the tsunami simulation, the volcano flank collapse source on Banda Volcano produced a maximum tsunami in Banda Naira as high as 6.2 meters, and the tsunami will arrive around 6 – 8 minutes. While in AI Island, tsunami inundation reached 55.87 m and arrived in 4 minutes. Meanwhile, the maximum elevation of Banda Naira Island is 3.5 meters, with a population of 21,000 people in March 2024. Tsunami inundation has the potential to submerge entire residential areas in Banda Neira.
BIMA 2.0 Progress on ToM Analysis of Contact Binaries: IR Car, V1370 Tau and GY Pup
Authors: Budi B. D. S. , Araska S. F. , Akbar E. I. , Yap F. , Muazarah S. N. , Malasan H. L. , Irawati P.
Published: October 2024

The Eclipsing Binaries Minima (BIMA) 2.0 Monitoring Project is a continuation of the previous BIMA program that was initiated by the collaboration of Bosscha Observatory - Lembang, Indonesia and The National Astronomical Research Institute of Thailand (NARIT) in 2012. This project aims to build an open database of eclipsing binary minima and establish each system’s orbital period and its variations in a time of minima (ToM) photometric observation using the Thai Robotic Telescope (TRT) network. In this work, we will present the progress of our monitoring program during

3

∼

months of observations using TRT with proposal ID TRTC11A_009. We have collected ToM data at least once on 18 samples of contact binary stars and carried out O-C diagram analysis on three selected objects: IR Car, V1370 Tau, and GY Pup. We obtained six, three, and four primary minima on IR Car, V1370 Tau, and GY Pup, respectively. These three objects were chosen due to the lack of ToM data in recent years. We also use the TESS space mission ToM data to increase data coverage. Preliminary results show a significant change in O-C values and indicate mass transfer in this system.
Morphology of NGC 6886 Using IFU Data
Authors: Akbar E I , Fitriyani N , Soemitro A A , Malasan H L , Puspitarini L , Haryana N S , Muazarah S N , Yap F , Araska S F
Published: October 2024

In this paper, we report the first investigation of NGC 6886 utilizing IFU data, allowing us to build a more comprehensive morphological study based on many emission lines. NGC 6886 is a young planetary nebula featuring emission lines with varying levels of excitation. Using data from Potsdam Multi-Aperture Spectrophotometer (PMAS), we construct an integrated spectra and identify 27 emission lines. We calculate the flux ratio of each line relative to Hβ. Lines stronger than Hβ are [OIII] 5007, [OIII] 4959, [NII] 6584, Hα 6563, [NII] 6548, and [NeIII] 3869. We also construct 16 emission line maps to examine the morphology and ionization structure of NGC 6886 and we show that there are two geometrical structures within the nebula.
Spectral Transformation Detection in Be Stars Using Multi-Parameters Analysis of Delta Scorpii, Eta Centauri, and Kappa Lupi
Authors: Wicaksono A R , Aprilia  , Budi B D S , La Fatsa F , Sutanto R A
Published: October 2024

Over the past five years, the Bosscha Observatory in Bandung, Indonesia, has dedicated significant attention to studying B-emission (Be) stars exhibiting distinctive emission characteristics. In this work, we meticulously analyzed the spectra originating from three prominent Be stars: Delta Scorpii, Eta Centauri, and Kappa Lupi. We also took additional spectrum data from the BeSS repository for each of the three stars to maximize our analysis results. Our analysis revolved around quantifying crucial spectral attributes, including the emission peak centers, the equivalent width (EW), and the full width at half maximum (FWHM). These parameters proved pivotal for deriving the violet-to-red peak intensity ratio (V/R), emission-to-continuum ratio (E/C), and the star’s radial velocity. Based on our analysis, there are several things to be pointed out. For all stars, there was no such significant variation in E/C values. Our single-peak analysis of δ Sco showed a strong emission primarily caused by the presence of a circumstellar disk of gas. FWHM of Hα in κ Lup demonstrated minor variability with time, meanwhile FWHM of Hα in η Cen decreased with time and orbital phase. Much more intense observations and analysis should provide better data to conclude the variability pattern of those parameters.
Study Effect of rGO Addition on Photocatalytic Activity of TiO2 in Reducing Carbon Dioxide Using Electrochemical Method
Authors: Junita T K , Faizal F , Syakir N , Aprilia A , Hastuti L P , Fitrilawati
Published: October 2024

Increasing the carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration every year can cause various environmental problems. One of the technologies to reduce CO2 is carbon capture. The semiconductor of TiO2 is widely used as a photocatalyst to reduce CO2. However, TiO2 has limitations in absorbing light in the visible region because it has a large band gap value. Besides, TiO2 has a fast recombination of electron-hole pairs so it can reduce photocatalytic activity. An addition of rGO is expected to cover the shortcomings of TiO2 because rGO has good conductivity and a small band gap. We synthesized rGO-TiO2 photocatalyst and measured its activity in capturing and converting CO2 using an electrochemical method. By using voltage difference as an electron driver in reacting with CO2 we observe the reaction between electrons and CO2. The measurements were carried out under irradiated and unirradiated conditions. The CV measurements show that the rGO-TiO2 electrode with 60% rGO content has reduction and oxidation peaks. Based on the electrochemical half-reaction table, the reduction peaks in unirradiated conditions indicate the conversion of CO2 to CH4 and (COOH)2, while under irradiated the reduction peak indicates the formation of HCOO− and CH2CH2. The results show that by using the rGO-TiO2 composite as an electrode not only reduces CO2 but also converts the CO2 into hydrocarbon.
Modeling of Energy Usage Intensity Based on West Java Region Conditions Using Dynamic Systems Approach
Authors: Rahardjo I A , Garniwa I , Wadjdi F , Nasruddin  , Lubis A
Published: October 2024

West Java is a region in Indonesia experiencing significant population growth and economic activity, leading to a substantial increase in energy demand and presenting challenges for sustainable energy resource management. Energy is fundamental to economic and social activities, and efficient, sustainable management is essential for balancing economic growth with environmental preservation. Modeling energy usage intensity is crucial for understanding the dynamics of energy consumption and its influencing factors. This study aims to develop a model that accurately represents energy consumption patterns in West Java using a dynamic systems approach. The study utilizes Causal Loop Diagrams (CLD) and Stock Flow Diagrams (SFD) to systematically map and model the intricate dynamics of the energy system, providing a comprehensive understanding of the interactions and influences among various factors. The model was validated by comparing its outputs with historical data and calculating a Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE). This enhances confidence in the analyses and recommendations derived from the model, making it a valuable tool for understanding and influencing energy usage patterns in West Java. In conclusion, this study not only provides deep insights into energy consumption in West Java but also offers practical approaches for improved energy management, supporting sustainable development and environmental protection in the region.
Comparative Study of Energy Consumption Intensity: A Case Study of the Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Informatics (FEI) Versus the Faculty of Chemical Technology (FChT) in the City of Pardubice
Authors: Rahardjo I A , Garniwa I , Pidanic J , Rolecek J
Published: October 2024

The study’s comparative aspect between the Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Informatics (FEI) and the Faculty of Chemical Technology (FChT) buildings is pivotal for elucidating nuanced differences in energy consumption practices within academic institutions, facilitating targeted energy efficiency measures. The research methodology adopts a comparative case study approach to examine two focal research buildings. Analysis entails computing energy consumption intensity per unit area for both buildings and comparing energy consumption data to identify disparities. The need for understanding energy consumption patterns and improving energy efficiency in academic infrastructure is directly addressed through variables studied in the comparative analysis, including energy consumption comparison, annual and monthly variations, ratio, and intensity. The data indicates that the average heating intensity in the FChT building surpasses that of the FEI building by a factor of 2.3, signifying significant disparities in heating energy consumption trends between the two structures and suggesting potential areas for targeted energy efficiency interventions. Moreover, the average electrical intensity in the FChT building is over 1.7 times higher than in the FEI building. Interestingly, despite the FChT building being 2.6 times larger than the FEI, its intensity does not always correspond with the increase in building area, indicating additional factors influencing energy consumption.
Structure Analysis of Hybrid Marine Renewable Energy Platform
Authors: Arief IS , Fathalah AZM , Cahyono B , Wardana RF
Published: October 2024

The Pilot Project Energy Laut Hybrid for coastal communities utilises a hybrid-based tripod pontoon structure. Hydrodynamic analysis was conducted using Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) simulations and Detail Engineering Design (DED) testing at the Hydrodynamics Laboratory of Indonesia (LHI). This research aims to conduct a structural analysis of the tripod pontoon frame, including redesigning and comparing the strength between the existing and modified designs. An analysis using the software SACS V15.1 was employed to obtain unity check values and stress distribution. The analysis revealed that the unity check values for the existing model, with airy wave01, airy wave02, stokes wave01, and stokes wave02, were 0.508, 0.498, 0.509, and 0.5, respectively. In contrast, the unity check values for the modified model, with airy wave01, airy wave02, stokes wave01 and stokes wave02, were 0.827, 0.81, 0.827, and 0.813, respectively, indicating a 63% increase in unity check for the modified model. The largest shear stress was observed on member A5-1-A5-2 in both models, which still complies with the API RP 2A-WSD standard. Additionally, the modified model was 21% lighter than the existing model, with Z shear stress increasing by 63% for both airy and stokes wave types.
Unveiling the Future of Safety: Cutting-Edge Simulation Testing of e-Kart Bumpers
Authors: Taryudi  , Anggrainy Rani , Yoga Nugroho Gama , Wiyono Apri , Putri Devi Maharani , Wahyudi Zaid Taqi , Septiyan Yusuf Azis
Published: October 2024

This research project proves the importance of simulation technology in developing safe and efficient components for electric Go-Kart and how this approach could impact the future of automotive design and engineering. The development of electric Go-Kart present unique challenges in ensuring safety and performance, given the increasing demand for eco-friendly mobility solutions in motorsports. As the adoption of the electric vehicles grow, the importance of designing robust and reliable safety components, such as bumpers, become critical to protect drivers and enhance vehicle durability. While previous studies have explored Go-Kart safety and performance, they often relied on traditional testing methods that are time-consuming and limited in their ability to simulate complex crash scenarios. Moreover, many studies have not fully addressed the specific challenges associated with the unique dynamics of electric Go-Kart. This research fills these gaps by focusing on testing electric Go-Kart bumpers through advanced computer simulations used to thoroughly examine various crash and impact scenarios to assess the reliability and durability of the front, side and rear bumpers to improve safety and performance. The results of the stress analysis carried out on the electric Go-Kart body showed that the electric go-kart body experienced displacement and safety factors, with the stress experienced being at a point below the yield strength or yield strength so that the body construction was declared safe against the static loading received, so that the test results this provides detailed insight into material strength, structural design, and possible improvements that can be made to reduce the risk of rider injury.
Needs Analysis for a STEM Discovery Learning-Based E-Module in Static Electricity
Authors: Udyaningsih P S , Suharno  , Budiawanti S
Published: October 2024

This study aims to determine the need for learning devices in the form of electronic teaching module based on STEM Discovery learning to measure critical thinking skills and collaboration skills of students so that it can be known and there is a follow-up from researchers to teachers in implementing learning. The need analysis studied was a teaching module need analysis, static electricity material analysis, critical thinking ability analysis, and collaboration skills. The subjects of this research are high school physics teachers who teach using the Merdeka curriculum and teach in grade 12. The participants of this research are 30 teachers from different schools in several districts/cities in Central Java, Yogyakarta, and Bangka Belitung. The research method used is the quantitative descriptive research method. The data collection techniques used in this study consisted of observation, questionnaires, documentation, and literature studies. The data collected were analyzed with appropriate instruments, with descriptive statistical analysis techniques. Based on the data analysis, the following results were obtained: 1) As many as 70% of physics teachers still face difficulties in developing teaching modules, but 85.83% of them expressed interest in creating modules that are aligned with the criteria for electronic teaching modules based on STEM Discovery learning in the Merdeka curriculum; 2) Static electricity is important but difficult for students to understand; 3) Teachers struggle with teaching aspects related to both students’ critical thinking and collaboration skills, with 70% of physics teachers reporting difficulties in fostering critical thinking and 52.78% facing challenges in enhancing collaboration skills; 4) Teachers need teaching module that supports aspects of critical thinking skills and collaboration skills of students.
Analysis of Student Problem-Solving Skills on Static Fluid Topics
Authors: Rachmawati O Q , Parno  , Latifah E , Wisodo H , Ghorbiy B , Bunyamin M A H
Published: October 2024

Finding high school students’ Problem-Solving Skills (PSS) on static fluid is the aim of this study. A sample of 125 students from a high school in East Java, Indonesia, was employed in this quantitative study employing a survey methodology. The Problem-Solving Skills Test (Cronbarch’s Alpha reliability of 0.66), which consists of six essay questions with a scoring range of 1 to 5, was used to collect the study data. The research data was analyzed using descriptive statistics. The average PSS of the students according to the research results was 20.54 with the conversion of the PSS Test score to a scale of 0-100, placing them in the beginner category. According to the PSS indicators, the rank of students from highest to lowest level is Useful Description, Specific Application of Physics, Mathematical Procedures, Physics Approach, and Logical Progression. Students find that Archimedes’ Law, Pascal’s Law, and Hydrostatic Pressure are the most difficult static fluid subtopic to go through. It is highly recommended that learning methods that can support students’ problem-solving skills, such as project-based learning in conjunction with Science, Technology, Engineering, Art, and Mathematics (STEAM), provide them with the skills to use logic in their thinking when solving problems.
Development of Static Fluid Demonstrators: Hydraulic Bridge to Improve Laboratory Skills
Authors: Susanti Dwi , Maulana Slamet , Aroyandini Elvara Norma
Published: October 2024

This research aims to develop a hydraulic bridge as a static fluid material prop. The development of these teaching aids focuses on improving students’ laboratory skills. This research is based on the need for students to have practical experience in the laboratory. This developed hydraulic bridge prop is expected to strengthen mastery of concepts in static fluid materials and improve students’ laboratory skills. The research method used is research and development with the resulting product in the form of hydraulic bridge props. Quantitative analysis techniques are used to measure the feasibility and effectiveness of teaching aids that have been developed, as well as to improve students’ laboratory skills. The results showed that the hydraulic bridge trainers that have been developed have excellent feasibility and effectiveness. The results showed a positive relationship between using hydraulic bridge props and improving student laboratory capabilities. The interactive nature of the developed teaching aids enhances technical abilities and fosters students’ critical thinking, problem-solving, and teamwork skills. This study concluded that the teaching aids in the form of hydraulic bridges that had been developed proved feasible and effective and were able to improve students’ laboratory skills. The implications of this research extend to curriculum improvement and advocating for the integration of practical teaching aids, such as hydraulic bridges, to optimize student learning outcomes. Future directions include improving the implementation of hydraulic bridges across engineering disciplines and conducting longitudinal studies to assess its long-term impact on student’s academic and professional development.
E-Module Flipbook based on STEM Approach to Renewable Energy Topics as Physics Learning Media
Authors: Syukri M , Herliana F , Aksa Y , Muliyati D , Ngadimin N , Artika W , Iswadi I
Published: October 2024

This research is a development that aims to produce a product and determine the validity of flipbook e-modules based on the STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) approach to learning the physics of renewable energy materials. The research procedure consists of stages: analysis, design, and development. This research involved two experts, namely, physics material and media, and one learning practitioner. The data collection instrument uses a questionnaire evaluation sheet. The evaluation results obtained a score of 0.87 in the very high validity category from physics subject experts and 0.85 in the very high validity category from media experts. From the results of this evaluation, the flipbook e-module based on the STEM approach to renewable energy topics is very highly valid for use as a physics learning medium.
The TPACK Physics Learning Video: Forming 21st Century Skills in Physics Learning
Authors: Bakri F , Permana A H , Ardiati R P
Published: October 2024

The 21st century learning process in schools emphasizes soft skills. To support the learning process in schools, learning videos are needed that present physics content in a learning process. This article publishes the results of research and development of physics learning videos. This physics learning video presents physics learning in stages that train creativity and critical thinking skills. The physics content is a Static Fluid presented with the TPACK framework. This physics learning video uses Lee & Owens research and development stages. Product feasibility is assessed using a questionnaire by experts. The components assessed are the suitability of physics content, the suitability of the learning process, the suitability of physics learning media on static fluid concepts. Sequentially, it received an assessment of 95.0% for physics content, 98.0% for the learning process, 100.0% for video media. The implementation of TPACK for the learning process in learning video products has made it easier for students to practice their critical thinking skills and increase their creativity.
Do attitudes toward air pollution influence climate change perception? Evidence from online customers in China
Authors: Sun Li , Yang Jianxun , Liu Miaomiao , Fang Wen , Ma Zongwei , Bi Jun
Published: October 2024

The perception of climate change as an abstract and distant concept hinders climate action. Previous studies suggest that individuals may conflate climate change and local air pollution due to misconceptions, as these environmental issues share similar emission sources and mitigation strategies. However, it remains uncertain whether leveraging the public’s high perception of air pollution can lead to increased climate change awareness and supportive behaviors. In this study, we surveyed 1236 Chinese online customers to explore the influence of air pollution perception on climate change perception and willingness to pay (WTP) for supporting climate actions. Structural equation modeling results revealed that higher air pollution perception, which is connected to an individual’s living environment and health status, is significantly associated with higher climate change perception. Despite this link, higher climate change perception does not necessarily translate to higher WTP for climate actions. However, air pollution perception can indirectly increase WTP for climate actions by fostering avoidance behavior intentions. For practical implications, our findings suggest that an emphasis on the co-benefits of climate change mitigation efforts for improving air quality may help lead to greater policy support and understanding. Additionally, promoting individual behavioral changes requires connecting these issues to personal experiences and highlighting tangible benefits such as improved health and well-being.
Linking regional economic impacts of temperature-related disasters to underlying climatic hazards
Authors: Mithal Vidur , Sillmann Jana , Zscheischler Jakob
Published: October 2024

Temperature-induced disasters lead to major human and economic damage, but the relationship between their climatic drivers and impacts is difficult to quantify. In part, this is due to a lack of data with suitable resolution, scale and coverage on impacts and disaster occurrence. Here, we address this gap using new datasets on subnational sector-disaggregated economic productivity and geo-coded disaster locations to quantify the role of climatic hazards on economic impacts of temperature-induced disasters at a subnational scale. Using a regression-based approach, we find that the regional economic impacts of heat-related disasters are most strongly linked to the daily maximum temperature (TXx) index. This effect is largest in the agricultural sector (6.37% regional growth rate reduction per standard deviation increase in TXx anomaly), being almost twice as strong as in the manufacturing sector (3.98%), service sector (3.64%), and whole economy (3.64%). We also highlight the role of compound climatic hazards in worsening impacts, showing that in the agriculture sector, compound hot-and-dry conditions amplify the impacts of heat-related disasters on growth rates by a factor of two. In contrast, in the service and manufacturing sectors, stronger impacts are found to be associated with compound hot and wet conditions. These findings present a first step in understanding the relationship between temperature-related hazards and regional economic impacts using a multi-event database, and highlight the need for further research to better understand the complex mechanisms including compound effects underlying these impacts across sectors.
Solution of the υ-representability problem on a one-dimensional torus
Authors: Sutter Sarina M , Penz Markus , Ruggenthaler Michael , Leeuwen Robert van , Giesbertz Klaas J H
Published: October 2024

We provide a solution to the v-representability problem for a non-relativistic quantum many-particle system on a one-dimensional torus domain in terms of Sobolev spaces and their duals. Any one-particle density that is square-integrable, has a square-integrable weak derivative, and is gapped away from zero can be realized from the solution of a many-particle Schrödinger equation, with or without interactions, by choosing a corresponding external potential. This potential can contain a distributional contribution but still gives rise to a self-adjoint Hamiltonian. Importantly, this allows for a well-defined Kohn–Sham procedure but, on the other hand, invalidates the usual proof of the Hohenberg–Kohn theorem.
Pseudo-Hermitian Chebyshev differential matrix and non-Hermitian Liouville quantum mechanics
Authors: Lan Chen , Li Wei , Geng Huifang
Published: October 2024

The spectral collocation method (SCM) exhibits a clear superiority in solving ordinary and partial differential equations compared to conventional techniques, such as finite difference and finite element methods. This makes SCM a powerful tool for addressing the Schrödinger-like equations with boundary conditions in physics. However, the Chebyshev differential matrix (CDM), commonly used in SCM to replace the differential operator, is not Hermitian but pseudo-Hermitian. This non-Hermiticity subtly affects the pseudospectra and leads to a loss of completeness in the eigenstates. Consequently, several issues arise with these eigenstates. In this paper, we revisit the non-Hermitian Liouville quantum mechanics by emphasizing the pseudo-Hermiticity of the CDM and explore its expanded models. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the spectral instability can be influenced by the compactification parameter.
Fermi’s golden rule in tunneling models with quantum waveguides perturbed by Kato class measures
Authors: Kondej Sylwia , Ślipko Kacper
Published: October 2024

In this paper we consider two dimensional quantum system with an infinite waveguide of the width d and a transversally invariant profile. Furthermore, we assume that at a distant ρ there is a perturbation defined by the Kato measure. We show that, under certain conditions, the resolvent of the Hamiltonian has the second sheet pole which reproduces the resonance at

z
(
ρ
)

with the asymptotics

z
(
ρ
)
=

E

β
;
n

+

O

(

exp
⁡
(
−

2

|

E

β
;
n

|

ρ
)

ρ

)

for ρ large and with the resonant energy

E

β
;
n

. Moreover, we show that the imaginary component of

z
(
ρ
)

satisfies Fermi’s golden rule which we explicitly derive.
Micro-thin hydrogel coating integrated in 3D printing for spatiotemporal delivery of bioactive small molecules
Authors: Sarker Md , Park Soomin , Kumar Vivek , Lee Chang H
Published: October 2024

Three-dimensional (3D) printing incorporated with controlled delivery is an effective tool for complex tissue regeneration. Here, we explored a new strategy for spatiotemporal delivery of bioactive cues by establishing a precise-controlled micro-thin coating of hydrogel carriers on 3D-printed scaffolds. We optimized the printing parameters for three hydrogel carriers, fibrin cross-linked with genipin, methacrylate hyaluronic acid, and multidomain peptides, resulting in homogenous micro-coating on desired locations in 3D printed polycaprolactone microfibers at each layer. Using the optimized multi-head printing technique, we successfully established spatial-controlled micro-thin coating of hydrogel layers containing profibrogenic small molecules (SMs), Oxotremorine M and PPBP maleate, and a chondrogenic cue, Kartogenin. The delivered SMs showed sustained releases up to 28 d and guided regional differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells, thus leading to fibrous and cartilaginous tissue matrix formation at designated scaffold regions in vitro and in vivo. Our micro-coating of hydrogel carriers may serve as an efficient approach to achieve spatiotemporal delivery of various bioactive cues through 3D printed scaffolds for engineering complex tissues.
Comprehensive review of recent research trends in dielectric elastomer transducers: applications, materials, and fabrication
Authors: Gu Hao
Published: October 2024

Although rigid transducers have led to innovations in industrial automation and control systems, their rigidity limits them to the controlled environment of the factory. Recently, soft transducers have become an attractive area of research because their compliant nature has the potential to be applied to soft-bodied robots that operate in uncontrolled environments. Dielectric elastomer transducers (DETs) demonstrate large electrically-driven deformations, high energy density, fast response, long lifespans, and self-healing capabilities, making them a favorable replacement for rigid transducers. This review first introduces the working principles of DETs, modeling work, and DET configurations. Subsequently, the applications of DETs in robotics, generators, sensors, and electronics are reviewed. Finally, the challenges currently faced by DET technology are discussed and potential approaches are explored.
Generation of low-temperature plasma by pulse-width modulated signals and monitoring of the interaction thereof with the surface of objects
Authors: MA 马 Tianbao 天宝 , KALENKOVICH Yauheni , ROKACH Valeriy , OSIPOV Anatoly
Published: October 2024

The article discusses the use of pulse-width modulation signals to generate low-temperature atmospheric plasma in an inert gas environment. The results of studies of the energy consumption of a low-temperature plasma generation system depending on the duty rate, as well as the pulse repetition rate, are presented. The operating modes of the system have been established, in which a minimum of energy consumption is achieved. The issues of evaluating the interaction of plasma with objects based on the analysis of changes in signal parameters in the high-voltage circuit of the generator are also considered.
A Delphi study on identifying environmental risk factors in the construction of China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC)
Authors: Hussain Iqtidar , Zhonggen Sun , Hussain Israr
Published: October 2024

The China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) represents a monumental initiative aimed at enhancing economic cooperation between China and Pakistan. However, the construction and operational phases of CPEC are fraught with numerous environmental risks that could impede its successful implementation. This study employs the Delphi method to systematically identify and evaluate the environmental risk factors associated with CPEC. A panel of experts from diverse fields, including environmental science, engineering, and regional planning, participated in multiple rounds of surveys to reach a consensus on the most critical environmental threats. Various studies have addressed general environmental impacts of large-scale projects, there is a gap in targeted research that systematically identifies and evaluates specific environmental risk factors associated with CPEC. This study aims to fill this gap by providing a detailed and consensus-based understanding. The findings highlight key risk areas such as carbon emission, climate change, air quality deterioration, and biodiversity loss. By providing a comprehensive risk assessment, this research offers valuable insights for policymakers, stakeholders, and project managers to develop robust mitigation strategies, ensuring the sustainable development of CPEC. The study underscores the importance of proactive environmental management in large-scale infrastructure projects within ecologically sensitive regions.
A review for design, mechanism, fabrication, and application of magnetically responsive microstructured functional surface
Authors: Wang Jian , Song Xingyi , Wang Chaochao , Zhou Yumei , Chen Ri , Yang Yong , Liu Bin , Zheng Yihao , Li Hui , Zhou Wei , Jiang Lelun
Published: October 2024

Magnetically responsive microstructured functional surface (MRMFS), capable of dynamically and reversibly switching the surface topography under magnetic actuation, provides a wireless, noninvasive, and instantaneous way to accurately control the microscale engineered surface. In the last decade, many studies have been conducted to design and optimize MRMFSs for diverse applications, and significant progress has been accomplished. This review comprehensively presents recent advancements and the potential prospects in MRMFSs. We first classify MRMFSs into one-dimensional linear array MRMFSs, two-dimensional planar array MRMFSs, and dynamic self-assembly MRMFSs based on their morphology. Subsequently, an overview of three deformation mechanisms, including magnetically actuated bending deformation, magnetically driven rotational deformation, and magnetically induced self-assembly deformation, are provided. Four main fabrication strategies employed to create MRMFSs are summarized, including replica molding, magnetization-induced self-assembly, laser cutting, and ferrofluid-infused method. Furthermore, the applications of MRMFS in droplet manipulation, solid transport, information encryption, light manipulation, triboelectric nanogenerators, and soft robotics are presented. Finally, the challenges that limit the practical applications of MRMFSs are discussed, and the future development of MRMFSs is proposed.
Deviant Bodies
Authors: Teixeira Ana Carolina Bezerra
Published: October 2024

This chapter aims to discuss the practice of Contact Improvisation in Brazil from the experience of disabled bodies in Brazilian dance companies and through the legacies of choreographers such as Maria Duschenes, Steve Paxton, and Alito Alesi, among others. This text is also guided by the author’s experience of Contact Improvisation in dance companies and in their solo career as a disabled artist and educator. It proposes a critical effort on how perceptions of disability are still denied in Contact Improvisation practices, since the insertion of these bodies remains from a laboratory perspective of movement research. The phenomenon of improvisation is expanded in this chapter beyond the fields of dance and problematizes the Brazilian body, its social and political contexts (exclusion culture, violence, poverty, social deviances), versus the discussion about an inclusive model that is still hostage to a productive logic, especially in the performing arts.
The Holocaust in French Jewish Literature of the 20th Century
Authors: Elsky Julia
Published: October 2024

Jewish writers from many different religious, national, linguistic, and cultural backgrounds confronted the Holocaust while writing a rich body of literary texts in French—often through reflection on their own positions as authors. From the beginning of the Nazi regime in 1933 through the end of the 20th century, authors addressed the topics of migration and exile, spaces of belonging and exclusion, and the role of language and multilingualism in representing persecution. The category of the French Jewish writer is complex, as France saw waves of Jewish migration, forced displacement, and postcolonial emigration in the 20th century. In the 1930s, Jewish writers in France were forced to confront their positions as both French and Jewish authors in a universalist country that was also experiencing the largest wave of Jewish immigration in its history. During the war, writers continued to be active, addressing the themes of Jewish exile and rejection from the nation, as well as the role of the writer in resisting persecution. Jewish survivors wrote and published testimonies and memoirs in French immediately following the war; although these works were often underread, by the 1950s novels about the Holocaust—including transmission of Jewish history and testimony about the experience of concentration camps—gained literary recognition. Child survivors and the second generation from Europe and North Africa also addressed writing about memory and forgetting, and the ways in which these topics can be inscribed in language itself.
Medieval French Philology and Overseas Francophonie Literature
Authors: Ritchey Sara
Published: October 2024

Nineteenth-century French scholars collected oral songs and tales from “folk” communities as evidence of an unbroken French spirit that endured within a living heritage of medieval literatures. This process of collecting a premodern linguistic heritage in the form of poésies populaires unfolded according to instructions promulgated by Jean-Jacques Ampère on behalf of the Comité de la langue, de l’histoire, et des arts de la France, which convened in Paris from 1852 to 1857. Provincial correspondents gathered folk poésies from rural laborers and peasants in the provinces and sent them to the Comité’s primary inspectors, who determined their authenticity as specimens of French patrimony. These primary inspectors included some of the founding scholars of French medieval studies, such as Paulin Paris and Prosper Mérimée. Their conceptualization of “folk” communities as living vectors of medieval literatures is imprinted on the disciplinary structures that they founded, baked into the genealogy of the archive.

Overseas French-speaking populations were also subject to this process of verbal extraction and temporalization. In Lower Canada, philologists, musicologists, and proto-ethnographers collected songs from First Nations and Acadian communities, which they assumed to preserve unevolved repertoires since contact. In coastal Louisiana, philologists gathered contes from creole-speaking freed people and translated medieval literatures, such as the Chanson de Roland and the fables of La Fontaine, into Louisiana creole; they analogized the “devolution” of creole from French to the process by which Old French derived from Latin, and sought in creole expressions a key to unlock new understandings of medieval French literatures. In the Antilles, French philologists produced orthographies of creoles as evidence of the simple, premodern civilizational status of their speakers and as a justification for progressive settler-colonial regimes. Other scholarship has outlined a model of critical philology that exposes these hierarchies and distortions in the construction of the archive of medieval French literatures and offers alternate grounds for historicization.