bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Categorical Forms of Green's Function; The One-Dimensional Time Response Function: Forced Harmonic Oscillator
Authors: Alkharam Ali
Published: February 2025

An introductory technique to solve one-dimensional time-dependent boundary value problems using Green's function, aiming at postgraduate students, and science researchers who have no prior experience with the method. The aim here is to have a rather simple look at Green's functions as a solution to boundary value problems in their explicit functional forms, rather than their explicit expressions, and finally to be acquainted with them.  Using the method of variations of parameters, one can provide a satisfactory format of Green's functions, which would make it easier to introduce Green's functions and accept their abstract format in more complex problems including higher dimensions.
A pattern of antimicrobial susceptibility and the correlation of cotrimoxazole and fluoroquinolones in Escherichia coli resistant uropathogens in Ibn-Sena hospital in Benghazi- Libya.
Authors: Gargoum Huda M. , Elsieah Zinab M, , Moftah Moftah M. , Eljaroshi Mokhtar O.
Published: February 2025

Uncontrollable use of antibiotics to treat uropathogens is one of the major causes of increasing antimicrobial-resistant Escherichia coli (E. coli) strains. Therefore the choice of antibiotic therapy is needed to be based on their antibiotic susceptibility tests. We investigated the prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility of E. coli in uncomplicated urinary tract infection (UTI) in 1011 samples during 8 months period in Ibn-Sena clinic in Benghazi. The E. coli was the most isolated uropathogen (64%). The most resistant antibiotic to this uropathogen was amoxicillin (51.6%), followed by cotrimoxazole (47.7%) and the percentage of ciprofloxacin was 26.6%. When the utilization of ciprofloxacin increased lately as an alternative to cotrimoxazole, its resistance increased and we found that this increase was positively correlated with cotrimoxazole. In conclusion, monitoring and investigating antibiotic-sensitivity patterns may help the physician to prepare reliable strategies for better management and control of E. coli infections.
Particle Diffusion in Toroidal Fusion Systems (Tokamak).
Authors: Alhasi Awad S.
Published: February 2025

The plasma transports in two different geometrical configurations are studied, wherein in a system having a cylindrically symmetric shape, the diffusion process is termed classical transport. The use of toroidal configuration leads to an enhanced level of transport known as neoclassical. The plasma collisionality produces different forms of diffusion. The fluid-like diffusion occurring in highly collisional plasma is known as Pfirsch-Schlutre diffusion. In low collisionality plasma, the trapped particle leads to the so-called banana diffusion. The ion thermal diffusivity  exceeds the electron thermal diffusivity  by a factor , which is a landmark of this collisional diffusion process. In this paper, the classical diffusion coefficient with random walk step is covered, and the neoclassical transport and the trapped particle diffusion are studied.
Wien Bridge oscillator as a suitable power source for the wireless charge of biomedical devices under an inductive power transfer system.
Authors: Adam Abdul-Wahab A. , Hashim Khalil I. , khazmi Yousef O.
Published: February 2025

An inductive power transfer (IPT) system is a mechanism used to solve charging problems to connect with wires for devices that are difficult, such as stimulation devices implanted inside the human body for the heart and nervous system, also for commercial devices such as charging mobile phones. In this paper, we studied the oscillator of the Wien bridge and how to set it in practice as a source of power for the wireless IPT system, in terms of the output and the permissible frequency range, we also studied the oscillator theory and the effect of physical parameters such as the values ​​of resistors and capacitors on the frequency, voltage, current, power, and the form of the resulting wave. By running a simulation via NI MULTISIM 14.2, a program specialized in electronic circuits, we found that the Wien bridge oscillator with LM7171AIM operational amplifier ​​has a noise-free sine wave shape, with well frequency stability. In addition, it has a low power that can be controlled through the bridge as required by the target devices, and it has a low-frequency range that satisfies the safety standards. In principle, this makes it very convenient as a power source for biomedical devices implanted inside the human body.
Predictive Control of Intermittent Aeration in Activated Sludge Processes
Authors: Nașcu Ioana , Nașcu Ioan
Published: February 2025

This paper presents a model-based predictive control for an intermittently aerated bioreactor of a medium-sized wastewater treatment plant. The main objective of the proposed method is to develop an intermittent aeration sequencing control strategy to minimize the aeration system energy consumption, with a subscription to the EU effluent standards and the plant operating constraints. A multilayer control system with two levels is implemented. The optimization level uses a model predictive control algorithm to determine the optimal value for the aeration fraction of the aeration cycle. The lower layer provides a feedback control loop of the bioreactor dissolved oxygen and secures intermittent aeration sequencing. The obtained aeration sequence guarantees that the effluent fulfills the requirements following regulatory standards for wastewater discharged. The control system demonstrates good performances for both setpoint tracking and disturbance rejection. Important energy savings are also obtained when comparing the developed control strategy to traditional control systems based on a pre-determined aeration sequence.
Panoramic Dental X-Ray Restorative Elements Segmentation using Hybrid Deep Learning
Authors: Khubrani Mousa Mohammed , Jeribi Fathe , Tahir Ali , Metwally Abdulnasser Abdulwakil
Published: February 2025

Panoramic radiography is a commonly used imaging technique for dental X-rays, it is used as a diagnostics tool in dentistry. The study introduced a hybrid deep learning approach for detecting and segmenting dental restorative elements from panoramic dental X-rays. By integrating the You Look Only Once (YOLO v8) model for object detection and the Segment Anything Model (SAM) for segmentation, the aim is to enhance the identification of different dental restorative elements such as dental implants, crowns, fillings, and root canals. The datasets of the study comprised 1290 dental X-ray images. The YOLO model effectively recognizes regions of interest and generates bounding boxes and then for achieving precise segmentation SAM is utilized. The results demonstrate high accuracy for classification rates of 95% for fillings, 88% for crowns, 93% for root canals, and 97% for implants and the Intersection over Union (IoU) metrics results also improve systems accuracy. The results show significant improvement in accuracy and highlight the effectiveness of the hybrid approach in refining diagnostic precision and enhancing efficiency in dental imaging.
ON THE SLOPES OF ETNA
Authors: Rukuižaitė Simona
Published: February 2025

Simona Rukuižaitė carries us forward, on foot, to Mount Etna to practice a natural philosophy that casually shifts from poetic associations to scientific facts.
Challenges and solutions in the integration of robotic systems into existing infrastructure
Authors:   Field engineer at Swisslog healthcare, Irvine, CA, USA, Sidorov Pavel
Published: February 2025

This article examines the features, challenges, and potential solutions associated with the integration of robotic systems into existing infrastructure. The relevance of this topic is driven by the widespread implementation of robotics across various sectors, including industry, logistics, agriculture, and other fields. The objective of this study is to systematize existing approaches and perspectives on integration processes, analyze key contradictions in scientific literature, and identify underexplored aspects that hinder the effective deployment of these technologies.

Discrepancies in the literature are linked to the lack of standardization in system architectures, limited real-world validation of control algorithms, and insufficient attention to legal considerations. It is concluded that successful integration requires a systematic approach encompassing standardization, the development of advanced control algorithms, adaptation of cloud technologies, and the mandatory consideration of social factors.

The author's contribution lies in structuring modern trends in integration strategies, including the shift towards modularity, scalability, active use of artificial intelligence, standardization, cloud-based solutions, and hybrid interaction systems. Additionally, research gaps are identified. The presented findings will be valuable for developers of robotic solutions, automation researchers, and enterprise managers planning the implementation of robotic systems.
RANCANG BANGUN APLIKASI MOBILE KAMUS BAHASA JAWA - INDONESIA BERBASIS ANDROID
Authors: Juwahir Amat , Winarnie Winarnie
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan aplikasi kamus bahasa jawa Indonesia berbasis android, untuk mempermudah pengenalan bahasa jawa dengan menggunakan aplikasi android. Dengan menggunakan gadget berbasis android, akses untuk mengenal bahasa jawa dapat lebih mudah.
 
Sistem ini dibangun menggunakan bahasa pemrograman Java dengan android studio 2021.1.2 serta database Sqlite. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem aplikasi kamus bahasa Jawa Indonesia berbasis android dapat berjalan baik dan mempermudah dalam mengenal kata-kata atau kalimat dalam bahasa Jawa.
 
Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan teknologi informasi dalam proses belajar bahasa jawa dengan kamus berbasis android dapat meningkatkan efisiensi, akurasi, dan kemudahan dalam pengenalan kata dan kalimat dengan bahasa Jawa, sesuai dengan data kata dan kalimat  yang tersimpan pada database yang digunakan.
PENGEMBANGAN SISTEM INFORMASI CATERING BERBASIS WEB UNTUK MENINGKATKAN EFISIENSI DAN KEMUDAHAN LAYANAN CATERING
Authors: Winarnie Winarnie , Mulyowati Gandes , Khairu Nisa Nisrina , Melani Lestari Eka , Putri Farah Tisya Anindya , Rahayu Kurnia Puji
Published: February 2025

The advancement of information technology has encouraged various sectors to adopt web-based systems to improve efficiency and service quality. This study discusses the development of a web-based catering information system aimed at providing convenience for customers in ordering catering services and supporting the operational efficiency of service providers. The system includes features such as online ordering, inventory management, online payment integration, and performance reporting. With a budget of IDR 90,500,000 and a project duration of five months, the system is expected to enhance customer satisfaction and provide reliable management tools for catering providers.
Single real estate developers’ innovations in housing design: an historical exploration based on China Vanke Co. Ltd.
Authors: Carota Francesco
Published: February 2025

This paper focuses on the practices, innovations and design regarding housing supply developed by a single Chinese private real estate company, China Vanke Co. Ltd. between 1979 and 2016. In the last 5 decades, China experienced a period of rapid urbanization, accompanied by the introduction of numerous economic and institutional reforms impacting the nation’s model of housing supply. Significant changes disrupted the urban housing sector in the country, shifting the main supply system from a public welfare model to a market-driven one. Within this time span, most new residential properties were developed and marketed by large real estate enterprises, which became crucial players in establishing the new housing market. While there is an extensive body of literature examining China’s housing market formation and progression, most of these studies focus on the economic and social aspects of housing, including factors such as affordability, inequality, governance, preferences and choices. Single real estate firms’ innovations, as well as the links between housing designs and market supply and demand, have yet to be thoroughly explored. This latter area represents thus the main focus of this paper. Expanding from the specific case of Vanke, this paper seeks to discuss the innovative processes of a real estate enterprise and the role of a single company in shaping new housing designs, based on supply and demand transformations.
Automatic Machine Learning Framework to Study Morphological Parameters of AGN Host Galaxies within z < 1.4 in the Hyper Supreme-Cam Wide Survey
Authors: Tian 田 Chuan 川 , Urry C. Megan , Ghosh Aritra , Nagai Daisuke , Ananna Tonima T. , Powell Meredith C. , Auge Connor , Mishra Aayush , Sanders David B. , Cappelluti Nico , Schawinski Kevin
Published: February 2025

We present a composite machine learning framework to estimate posterior probability distributions of bulge-to-total light ratio, half-light radius, and flux for active galactic nucleus (AGN) host galaxies within z < 1.4 and m < 23 in the Hyper Supreme-Cam (HSC) Wide survey. We divide the data into five redshift bins: low (0 < z < 0.25), mid (0.25 < z < 0.5), high (0.5 < z < 0.9), extra (0.9 < z < 1.1), and extreme (1.1 < z < 1.4), and train our models independently in each bin. We use PSFGAN to decompose the AGN point-source light from its host galaxy, and invoke the Galaxy Morphology Posterior Estimation Network (GaMPEN) to estimate morphological parameters of the recovered host galaxy. We first trained our models on simulated data, and then fine-tuned our algorithm via transfer learning using labeled real data. To create training labels for transfer learning, we used GALFIT to fit  ∼20,000 real HSC galaxies in each redshift bin. We comprehensively examined that the predicted values from our final models agree well with the GALFIT values for the vast majority of cases. Our PSFGAN + GaMPEN framework runs at least three orders of magnitude faster than traditional light-profile fitting methods, and can be easily retrained for other morphological parameters or on other data sets with diverse ranges of resolutions, seeing conditions, and signal-to-noise ratios, making it an ideal tool for analyzing AGN host galaxies from large surveys coming soon from the Rubin-LSST, Euclid, and Roman telescopes.
High Significance Detection of the Dark Substructure in Gravitational Lens SDSS J0946+1006 by Image Pixel Supersampling
Authors: Minor Quinn E.
Published: February 2025

Recent studies have shown that the dark substructure reported in the gravitational lens SDSS J0946+1006 has a high central density, which is in apparent tension with the flat cold dark matter (ΛCDM) paradigm. However, its detection significance has been found in D. J. Ballard et al. to be sensitive to prior assumptions about the smoothness of the source galaxy. Here we show that the detection significance of the substructure is higher than previously reported (log-Bayes factor

Δ
ln
E
≈
143

, equivalent to a ∼17σ detection) by approximating the integration of light over each pixel via ray tracing and averaging over many subpixels—a technique known as supersampling—and this result is insensitive to the assumed prior on the source galaxy smoothness. Assuming a dark matter subhalo, the combination of supersampling and modeling both sets of lensed arcs also tightens the subhalo constraints: we find the subhalo’s projected mass within 1 kpc lies in the range (2.2–3.4) × 109
M
⊙ at 95% confidence in our highest evidence model, while the log-slope of the subhalo’s projected density at 1 kpc is steeper than −1.75 at the 95% confidence level, further establishing it as an outlier compared to expectations from CDM. We also identify a systematic that has biased the slope of the primary lensing galaxy’s density profile in prior studies, which we speculate might be due to the presence of dust or an imperfect foreground subtraction. Our analysis places the existence of the substructure on firmer ground, and should motivate deeper follow-up observations to better constrain its properties and clarify its apparent tension with ΛCDM.
Revision of the genus Ninomimus Lindberg, 1934 (Hemiptera, Lygaeoidea, Ninidae), with the description of a new species from China
Authors: Gao Cuiqing , Cao Suyan
Published: February 2025

The species of Ninomimus Lindberg, 1934 are reviewed. A new species, Ninomimus fuscussp. nov., is described from Hunan Province, China. It differs from its two congeners in its shiny body and translucid hemelytra. A diagnosis of the genus, a key to the included species, photographs of habitus and male genitalia of selected species, and micrographs of the pruinose area of the type species are also presented.
A new species of Gracixalus (Amphibia, Anura, Rhacophoridae) from Guizhou Province, China
Authors: Liu Jing , Peng Cai-Chun , Wang Bin , Feng Chao-Bo , Shen Tuo , Li Shi-Ze , Chen Ji-Jun , Su Hai-Jun , Tang Xiu-Jun
Published: February 2025

A new species of small tree frog was discovered in southwestern China, exhibiting morphological differences and molecular divergence. The new species, formally described herein as Gracixalus weiisp. nov., is morphologically distinct from other congeners by body size (SVL 30.1–34.0 mm in males and 35.2–36.0 mm in females). In addition, the head width was larger than the head length, with a distinct tympanum, a brown to beige dorsum, and an inversed Y-shaped dark brown marking. The skin of the dorsal and lateral surfaces of the head, body, and limbs was rough and sparsely scattered with tubercles. The toes showed moderately developed webbing, while finger webbing was rudimentary. Nuptial pads were found on the base of finger I; males had a single subgular vocal sac, with heels overlapping when the legs were at a right angle to the body, and the tibiotarsal articulation reached the mid-eye when the legs were stretched forward. Phylogenetic analyses based on DNA sequences of the mitochondrial 16S rRNA supported the new species as a sister species of G. jinxiuensis. Genetically, the new species diverges from its congeners by 3.4%–14.5% (uncorrected p-distance) and is closest to G. jinxiuensis, which is 3.4%.
Slovar slovenskega knjižnega jezika 16. stoletja
Authors: Ahačič Kozma , Čepar Metod , Jelovšek Alenka , Legan Ravnikar Andreja , Merše Majda , Narat Jožica , Novak France , Premk Francka
Published: February 2025

Slovar slovenskega knjižnega jezika 16. stoletja (SSKJ16, 'Dictionary of Sixteenth-Century Slovenian') is a historical explanatory dictionary, featuring a complete inventory of semantic, stylistic, morphological, phonological, and often also syntactic examples of individual headwords. It is the most extensive and most accurate historical history of any period of standard Slovenian to date. The first volume (A–D) contains 3,027 entries, of which 2,061 are explanatory and 966 are cross-references. A total of 3,414 headword meanings are defined. The dictionary corpus comprises all Slovenian texts from preserved printed works by sixteenth-century Slovenian Protestant writers published between 1550 and 1595, as well as the Slovenian part of Hieronymus Megiser’s multilingual dictionaries (1592, 1603). This first volume of the dictionary has been compiled based on a card corpus (a total of 3,169,000 tokens), in which every word is presented in a contextual example. In the last stage, the volume was updated with the digital corpus Korpus 16, which contains transcriptions of forty-five literary works on 12,945 pages. Because the dictionary inventories the standard-language heritage of Slovenians from nearly five hundred years ago, it offers an important source of information for both the professional community and general users interested in when a specific word was first attested in standard Slovenian and what historical meanings it had.
Bioactive Pyrazoles
Authors: Boruah Aditi , Islam Ariful , Baruah Pranjal K.
Published: February 2025

This chapter discusses about bioactive pyrazoles, which have garnered substantial attention in medicinal chemistry and drug development. Pyrazoles are five-membered heterocyclic compounds characterized by a nitrogen-rich structure, imparting them with unique physicochemical and biological and making them useful for treating various diseases. The chapter explores the synthesis, structural diversity, and functional modifications of pyrazoles that enhance their bioactivity. Detailed discussions highlight the mechanisms of action and therapeutic potential of pyrazole derivatives in various pharmacological areas, including anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antimicrobial, antiviral, neuroprotective, and other applications. The chapter also looks at the latest research and advancements in pyrazole chemistry, including new ways to make them and studies on how their structure affects their activity. By exploring the many uses of bioactive pyrazoles, this chapter shows their importance in contemporary medicinal chemistry in developing new and better medicines.
Isoxazole
Authors: Mohite Popat , Tauro Savita , Pawar Aarati
Published: February 2025

Isoxazole is a versatile five-membered heterocyclic compound that has attracted significant attention due to its diverse medicinal chemistry and material science applications. This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of synthetic methodologies for preparing isoxazole derivatives, including traditional approaches such as cyclization reactions and modern techniques like microwave-assisted synthesis. The advantages and limitations of each method, highlighting the influence of structural variations on synthesis efficiency, are discussed. Furthermore, the biological activities associated with isoxazole compounds, showcasing their roles as potential pharmacological agents including anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal, and anticancer properties, are explored. By integrating synthetic strategies with biological evaluation, this chapter aims to illustrate the significance of isoxazole derivatives in drug discovery and development and their potential applications in therapeutic settings.
Use of Ionic Liquids and DES for Synthesis of Medicinally Important 1,2,3-Triazole Scaffolds
Authors: Bhattacharyya Bishal , Borah Ramyata Priyam , Nath Dipankar , Gogoi Parishma , Sarma Diganta
Published: February 2025

Cu catalysed azide alkyne cycloaddition reactions, known as click reactions, result in the regioselective formation of 1,4 disubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles. 1,2,3-triazoles are five membered nitrogen containing heterocycles that have gained much importance in recent times due to their various applications such as anti-cancer, anti- TB etc. Several greener approaches have been developed by different researchers to prepare 1,2,3-triazoles using benign methodologies. Greener solvents like Deep Eutectic Solvents (DES) and Ionic Liquids (IL) can serve as good alternative for volatile organic solvents used during azide alkyne cycloaddition reactions
Benzoxazoles
Authors: Prashanth G. K. , Rao Srilatha , Lalithamba H. S. , Rashmi K. V. , Bhagya N. P. , Ghosh Mithun Kumar , Gadewar Manoj , Darekar Nirmala R.
Published: February 2025

Benzoxazoles are heterocyclic compounds featuring a benzene ring fused to an oxazole ring. They have attracted significant attention in medicinal chemistry due to their diverse biological activities. Many pharmacological compounds have a core structure called a heterocyclic scaffold, which is essential to their therapeutic actions. Modest alterations to this fundamental structure may result in notable variations in the medication's mechanism of action. Benzoxazole and its derivatives have shown substantial and noteworthy therapeutic effects. This chapter explores the synthesis, structural characteristics, and various medical applications of benzoxazoles, highlighting their roles as antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic agents.
Synthetic Approaches and Medicinal Attributes of Benzotriazoles
Authors: Nagargoje Amol Arjun , Panchgalle Sharad Pandit , Shaikh Mubarak Hanif , Shingate Bapurao B.
Published: February 2025

Benzotriazole represents a vital scaffold in the design of new pharmacologically active compounds. Its diverse biological activities and the potential for structural modification make it a promising candidate for future drug development endeavours. Continued research into its synthesis and SAR will further enhance its therapeutic potential. This chapter aims to provide a comprehensive overview of benzotriazole, focusing on its synthesis, biological activities, and potential applications in drug design. By exploring the historical development, modern synthetic methods, and the diverse biological activities of benzotriazole and its derivatives, we will highlight its significance in medicinal chemistry. The environmental and safety aspects of benzotriazole are also discussed, emphasizing the importance of sustainable and safe practices in its use and development.
Optimizing Research Techniques and Learning Strategies With Digital Technologies
Authors: Al Ajmi Zainab Salim
Published: February 2025

Face-to-face strategies have been the primary method for language learning over the past decades, particularly for teaching English. However, online platforms were less utilized in educational institutions until the rapid shift caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. This shift highlighted the potential of virtual programs in language education, leading scholars to recognize their benefits. This study explores the importance of online English platforms in addressing literacy challenges and improving proficiency in Higher Educational Institutions (HEIs). Through surveys of Foundation Programme Department (FPD) students and instructors, the research will analyze platforms like Microsoft Teams and Zoom, assessing their effectiveness in English language learning.
Effects of the Animation Infographic on Learning Retention and Motivation
Authors: Al-Khazimi Mitha Obaid
Published: February 2025

In spite of a huge library of technological materials available for teachers of Information Technology courses in most tertiary institutions, there are truly limited scholastic resources available on the use of animation Infographics as a pedagogical tool. The challenges of communicating complex ideas of technical nature to students have been exacerbated by the proliferation of information in the golden era of information and communication technology (ICT); hence, the need for developing an effective tool of communication to aid the process of information sharing between teachers and students.
Enhancing Job Satisfaction in a Tech-Driven Workplace
Authors: Debnath Baisakhi , Sandhu Shilpa , Tiwari Richa , Tripathi Manisha , Reddy Divya A. , Kour Manjit , Saminaden Sita
Published: February 2025

In today's work landscape, particularly in tech-centric environments, job satisfaction is a critical factor for organizational success. The intersection of technology and work has reshaped traditional workplace paradigms, introducing obstacles that can undermine job satisfaction. Long working hours, tight deadlines, and the pressure to keep up with ever-changing technologies have contributed to work-life imbalances, leading to employee burnout and disengagement. This chapter, through descriptive research, explores actionable strategies aimed at enhancing job satisfaction in fast-paced, technology-driven workplaces. It delves into the unique challenges and dynamics of these environments and seeks to identify strategies that promote work-life balance, teamwork, continuous learning, recognition, and autonomy. By cultivating a positive workplace culture where employees feel valued, engaged, and appreciated, the chapter provides insights into how organizations can create thriving work environments.
Geopolitical Power and Renewable Energy Futures of Developing Countries
Authors: Ponnambalam Suriya , Ilampoornan M. K.
Published: February 2025

An efficient substitute for conventional fossil fuels, renewable energy lowers dependency on energy imports from particular nations, lowering geopolitical risks and guaranteeing national energy security. The growth and application of renewable energy have a significant impact on the geopolitical environment and the structure of energy consumption worldwide. With a comparative examination against other Group of Seven (G7) member countries, a multivariate regression model was created for empirical analysis, with a primary focus on the United States and the United Kingdom. The robustness of the model was further confirmed by subsequent robustness studies. This study also investigates moderating factor in the connection between geopolitics and renewable energy. Finally, to examine the dynamic interactions between renewable energy and associated factors, a vector auto regression model was built.
Harnessing Local Governance for Sustainable Urban Development
Authors: Bayraktar Erdal
Published: February 2025

Rapid urbanization and the increasing energy demand of the 21st century put pressure on local governments, especially in emerging economies such as Türkiye, to articulate economic relationships. As urban areas expand, challenges related to sustainable development, energy management and environmental protection become more pronounced. On the other hand, with the growth of urban populations, the sustainability of the urban environment has become an issue that needs to be addressed in terms of its impacts on public health and social welfare.
Movement of the Multinational Oil Companies to the Third World
Authors: Eduvwie Nyerohwo Avi , Janjua Laeeq Razzak , Hammouch Hind
Published: February 2025

The global oil industry has been dominated by Western capitalists, leaving oil-producing countries reliant on foreign expertise and technologies for oil exploration and exploitation. Despite having no oil reserves in its territory, the British government switched from coal to oil, setting out modalities for the exploitation and availability of the produce. The study uses Dependency and Resource Curse Theories as the framework for analysing the subject of our discourse. The study identifies four major reasons for these movements: the anti-Trust Act, Gasolineless Sunday, the growth of the automobile industry, and the British shift to oil-powered engines. The study concludes that the oil industry's overseas movements aimed to develop the industrial economy and survive during winter when oil was used for heating homes. In light of this, developing countries are advised to invest profits from their oil industry in research and development and take an active role in oil production and exports.
Advancing Towards Sustainable Energy With Hydrogen Solutions
Authors: Kazi Kutubuddin Sayyad Liyakat
Published: February 2025

For hydrogen to be successfully adopted as a foundational component of clean energy initiatives, a well-balanced strategy that combines analytical rigor with practical application would ultimately be required. The success of the adoption will be directly correlated to this factor. After using the WASPAS approach to the examination of the difficulties, it is clear that the problem of Formulate Recommendations is the one that is ranked first. Following that, the challenge that is ranked second is the Economic Factors challenge, which is then followed by the challenge that is ranked third, which is the Technological Readiness challenge, and finally the challenge that is ranked fourth is the Policy Frameworks problem. For this reason, the essential building needs to be built as soon as possible in order to alleviate the environmental difficulty as quickly as possible. In order for hydrogen energy to meet the requirements for widespread adoption, this is an essential step.
Sustainable Organisational Cultures Basing Green Management Innovation and Leadership Transformation
Authors: Muralidhar L. B. , Shilpa R. , Rahul Varanasi , Sathyanarayana N. , Fathima Y.
Published: February 2025

Sustainable organisational cultures focus on green management innovation and leadership transformation to tackle environmental and social challenges. These organisations integrate eco-conscious values to enhance efficiency and sustainability. Core strategies include green marketing, eco-friendly production, and using sustainability metrics for transparency. Leaders drive change by modelling values, engaging employees, and fostering transformation. Advanced technologies like AI, IoT, and blockchain optimise resources and support sustainable innovation. Despite high costs and resistance, these practices enhance efficiency, customer satisfaction, and resilience. Future efforts emphasise collaboration, technological advancements, and alignment with global goals to embed sustainability into core values, ensuring competitive advantage and societal impact.
LTPNet Integration of Deep Learning and Environmental Decision Support Systems for Renewable Energy Demand Forecasting
Authors: Li Te , Zheng Mengze , Zhou Yan
Published: February 2025

Against the backdrop of increasingly severe global environmental changes, accurately predicting and meeting renewable energy demands has become a key challenge for sustainable business development. Traditional energy demand forecasting methods often struggle with complex data processing and low prediction accuracy. To address these issues, this paper introduces a novel approach that combines deep learning techniques with environmental decision support systems. The model integrates advanced deep learning techniques, including LSTM and Transformer, and PSO algorithm for parameter optimization, significantly enhancing predictive performance and practical applicability. Results show that our model achieves substantial improvements across various metrics, including a 30% reduction in MAE, a 20% decrease in MAPE, a 25% drop in RMSE, and a 35% decline in MSE. These results validate the model's effectiveness and reliability in renewable energy demand forecasting. This research provides valuable insights for applying deep learning in environmental decision support systems.
Effect of Deformation of the Garsela Fault and Secondary Faults on Seismic Hazards, Case Study: Pasirwangi District, Garut Regency
Authors: Sukmaningsih Emi , Setiawan Budhi
Published: February 2025

The earthquake caused by the Garsela Fault significantly damaged the infrastructure and home of residents around Pasirwangi District. This fault is in Garut Regency, West Java and is one of the primary sources of earthquakes in Garut. This study aims to calculate rate of surface deformation and interpret its causes by analyzing InSAR data from 2017 to 2021. LiCSBAS, a Python-based time-series deformation analysis program, processed InSAR data to determine fault movement attributes and sources. Geological mapping, analysis of fault kinematics and dynamics determine the characteristics and fault movement. The results of time series analysis show that the rate of surface deformation in the Pasirwangi and its surrounding areas ranges from -45 mm/year to 35 mm/year. The movement mechanism of normal and right-normal slip faults causes the dominant surface subsidence. The difference in maximum ground movement acceleration between the north and south areas is caused by force moments which distributed at building points, affected by the differences in building density in the research area.
Colonial Architecture's Response to the Tropical Environment: Exploring the Concept of Karsten's Garden City in Indonesia
Authors: Lestari Endang , Oktarini Maya Fitri , Siswanto Arie , Krispantono Krispantono
Published: February 2025

Throughout the architectural history of Indonesia, particularly in Palembang, Dutch influence has left a notable mark on several buildings in specific regions. The adaptation of Dutch Colonial Architecture to the local climatic conditions in the Talang Semut area of Palembang has revealed a rich diversity in architectural styles and functions. This adaptation process bears relevance not only in historical contexts but also in contemporary and future design practices. This research employs a descriptive analysis methodology to investigate the process of adapting Dutch Colonial architecture to the tropical climate of Palembang. The findings underscore the significant impact of this adaptation, resulting in buildings that harmoniously integrate with their local environment, reducing reliance on artificial air conditioning systems. Dutch colonial architecture's climatological solutions have stood the test of time, offering a sustainable approach to architectural design that remains relevant today and holds promise for the future.
Removal of Chromium (VI) from Aqueous Solution Using Bentonite: The Effect of Adsorbent Dose on Characteristic, Isotherm and Kinetic Study
Authors: Cundari Lia , Renelda Saputri Agus , Molek Nur Hayyu Tagar , Amaliah Shifa Putri , Azzahra Feby
Published: February 2025

One kind of heavy metal that comes from industrial waste is Cr (VI), which is obtained from steel, textile, tanning, photography, dyes, explosives, matches, and fuel mobilization waste. Cr (VI) is a carcinogen and extremely hazardous to both people and animals. In Indonesia, bentonite is a raw material that is abundantly available. This study aims to investigate the effects of varying adsorbent doses on the properties, % removal, isotherms, and kinetics of adsorption of Cr (VI) from aqueous solution. Adsorbent doses ranged from 10 g/L to 30 g/L for 0–80-minute contact periods. morphological analysis of bentonite using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Features of bentonite were tiny lumps of varying sizes and the absence of pores. 96.5% is the optimal elimination of Cr (VI). The morphological analysis of bentonite using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Features of bentonite were tiny lumps of varying sizes and the absence of pores. When using a dose of 20 g/L and a 60-minute duration, the maximum elimination of Cr (VI) is 96.5%. Isotherms follow Langmuir and kinetics fit to first order. These findings demonstrate that bentonite is a valuable material for future development and is effective at removing Cr (VI) from aqueous solutions.
Real-Time Coupled Ship–Rotorcraft Interactional Simulations Using GPU-Accelerated Lattice-Boltzmann Method
Authors: Ashok Shreyas  G. , Rauleder Juergen
Published: February 2025

Many traditional ship–rotorcraft interactional simulation approaches, including those used for pilot training, use a one-way coupling between aerodynamics and flight dynamics. In a one-way coupled method, the standalone ship airwake is superimposed on the rotor, modifying its inflow. However, because the rotor wake does not alter the ship airwake and is unaffected by the ship landing deck or superstructure, one-way coupling may not capture all relevant phenomena. To capture important interactional aerodynamic phenomena such as dynamic ground and wall effects, two-way fully coupled simulations may be needed. In this study, one- and two-way coupled real-time and near-real-time simulation models of the ship–rotorcraft problem were developed using a GPU-accelerated lattice-Boltzmann method (LBM) flow field solver. Comparing flow fields and rotor hub loads, the two-way coupled simulations showed good agreement with the new ship–rotor experimental data from Georgia Tech. Real-time full-scale rotorcraft ship approach maneuvers of a notional UH-60A landing on the NATO Generic Destroyer were conducted using a flight controller, and the results showed significant differences in flight control inputs between one- and two-way coupling methods. On the other hand, the presence of ship motion was found to have little effect on the control inputs. The study proved the feasibility of real-time fully coupled ship–rotorcraft flow field simulations at full scale, achieving real-time performance on a single GPU node, and it paves the way for fully coupled LBM pilot-in-the-loop flight simulation trials.
The role of miRNA-4516 in regulating Bruton's tyrosine kinase expression and colorectal cancer progression in a sample of Iraqi population
Authors: Hassain Ahmed Sadoon , Al-Khafaji Hiba Muneer Abdel Hassan , Mohammed Maryam Qasim
Published: February 2025

Considering the second-highest global death rate, Colorectal Cancer (CRC) is the second most prevalent form of cancer in women and the third most frequent cancer type in men. Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase (BTK) is a soluble tyrosine kinase that plays essential functions in B cell maturation, development, and signaling. It has been discovered that BTK controls cell migration, survival, and proliferation in a variety of B-cell malignancies. The category of short non-coding RNAs known as microRNAs (miRNAs) is involved in several biological processes, including the development and propagation of tumors. The current study was designed to measure the gene expression level of the BTK gene and miR-4516 in Iraqi CRC patients; 100 blood samples were collected, RNA extracted, converted into cDNA, and then expression levels were measured using quantitative real-time PCR.  The results showed that there were statistically significant differences among the patients and the control with a P-value (=0.005) in the expression level of miR-4516, while the results of the BTK gene showed that there were no significant differences between the CRC patients and control groups of the current study.  This study reveals that non-detectable levels of BTK secretion may be attributed to miR-4516 mediated suppression or due to BTK possessing a dual role in tumorigenesis, capable of either promoting tumor growth or inducing programmed cell death. Elevated levels of miR-4516 are believed to contribute to the development of CRC by regulating the expression of specific genes, including BTK, making it a promising target for both monitoring and therapeutic of the disease.
Programmed cell death-ligand 1 expression and CD8 positive tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte density in non-small cell lung carcinoma and its association with histopathological grading
Authors: Sureka Niti , Arora Sheetal , Ish Pranav , Khanna Geetika
Published: February 2025

Non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), comprising 85% of lung cancers, remains a leading cause of cancer mortality despite advances in treatment. Immunotherapy, particularly immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 axis, has revolutionized therapy, though outcomes vary. This study aimed to explore the association between PD-L1 expression, CD8 tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) density, and histopathological grading in NSCLC. Our retrospective, single-centered cohort comprised 64 biopsy samples of NSCLC. PD-L1 and CD8 TILs density was assessed through immunohistochemistry. We also classified the tumors into four groups based on the PD-L1 and CD8-positive TIL statuses and evaluated their association with clinicopathological parameters. Male subjects were the predominant population in the study group (86%), with a mean age of 60 years. Most of the cases were smokers/ex-smokers (70.3%). Among 64 cases, PD-L1 positivity was observed in 62.5%, correlating with poorly differentiated tumors (grade 3) (p=0.03), suggesting its association with poor prognosis. Among PD-L1 positive cases, 55% had high expression and 45% had low expression. CD8 TIL density was low in 62.5% of cases and showed no significant correlation with clinical variables. Combined analysis revealed that 42.19% of cases were PD-L1+/CD8 low, a phenotype indicative of immune evasion and aggressive tumor behavior. Overall, our results emphasize that while PD-L1 immunohistochemistry remains a critical tool for identifying candidates for immunotherapy, it is not a standalone predictor of treatment response. Integrating CD8 TIL density provides additional prognostic information, potentially guiding more personalized treatment strategies.
A Cross-sectional Study for the Correlation of Vitamin D Level and Severity of Early Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Chakraborty Sudipto , Rahaman Mohidur , Dey Pradip , Choudhury Shreya , Samanta Rajeswar , Sengupta Swagatam , Singhal Parineeta , Purkait Siktha , Puri Sakshi , Aleena Insha , Sen Dhiman
Published: February 2025

Background:

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory multisystemic disorder that can cause significant deformity and disability. Vitamin D has a role in Th1-medicated autoimmune diseases like RA. Furthermore, some observational studies have concluded that Vitamin D supplementation reduces the severity of RA.

Aims:

This study aimed to find out any correlation between Vitamin D levels and severity of early RA.

Settings and Design:

This study settings and design were a cross-sectional single-center observational study.

Materials and Methods:

This was an observational study. All patients with early RA were screened and evaluated as per protocol. No extra tests were done.

Statistical Analysis Used:

Pearson’s Chi-square test for independence of attributes/Fisher’s exact test was used to find the association between the categorical variables as appropriate.

Results and Conclusion:

We found that all patients of early RA had moderate-tosevere disease activity without any relation with their Vitamin D level (P > 0.05).
Expression of monocarboxylate transporter 1 in colorectal carcinoma and its role in tumor progression and prognosis
Authors: Abdallah Rania , Elkady Noha , El Tahmoudy Mohamed A.
Published: February 2025

Background

The prognosis of colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is still poor despite the advancement in surgical management and chemo-radiotherapy, it may be related to late diagnosis and chemoresistance. Monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1) has a role in metabolic adjustment of cancer cells which enhances cancer progression and chemoresistance.

Aim

This research aims to evaluate the expression of MCT1 in CRC using immunohistochemistry and correlate its expression with clinicopathological data to assess its role in tumor progression and prognosis.

Methodology

The included colorectal carcinoma cases were microscopically examined to assess histopathological findings then they were immunohistochemically stained using MCT1 antibody.

Results

MCT1 expression was detected in tumor and stromal cells in 64.4% and 43.3% of cases and showed significant associations with high-grade tumors (P= 0.01 and 0.04), high mitosis (P= 0.029 and 0.042), deeper invasion (P= 0.001 and 0.007), lymph node metastasis (P= 0.002 and 0.001), advanced stage (P= 0.002 and 0.001), distant metastasis (P= 0.004 and 0.015) and partial response to therapy (P= 0.004 and 0.001). Moreover, significant associations were detected between MCT1 expression in tumor cells and large tumor size (P= 0.045), vascular invasion (P= 0.032), and low apoptosis (P= 0.038). MCT1 expression in tumor and stromal cells was associated with short overall survival (P= 0.003 and 0.002).

Conclusion

MCT1 expression is associated with colorectal carcinoma progression and impairment of tumor response to therapy. MCT1 could be used as a prognostic biomarker for CRC aggressiveness and resistance to therapy and may be considered for future target therapy.