bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Determination of selected phenolic compounds from Malaysian urban farming
community
Authors: Daud M.N.H. , Jabit M.L. , Ghazali N.S. , Ying J.C.L.
Published: September 2024

Urban farming in communities especially around the city has been highlighted by the
Malaysia government under Under National Physical Plan Policy in order to promote food
sovereignty by citizens. It is also a crucial strategy to support the agenda for national food
security. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the scientific information on
major phenolic compounds which include quercetin, protocatechuic acid, and gallic acid
from existing vegetables in Malaysian urban farming communities. The collected
vegetables consist of leafy and non-leafy types. The detection of the phenolic compounds
was carried out using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography. Standard phenolic
compounds were used as reference material to determine their content in the samples
using the calibration curve method. Based on the data obtained, mostly all the collected
vegetables from urban farming communities consist of the targeted major phenolic
compounds. Leaf mustard possesses the highest content of quercetin, protocatechuic acid,
and gallic acid recorded at values of 20.32, 19.60, and 78.23 µg/g, respectively compared
to others. Pak choi possess the second highest content of quercetin with the value of 20.13
µg/g, while okra for total phenolic acids with value of 43.10 µg/g. Overall, from the data,
it is suggested that leaf mustard could be an important vegetable to be planted under urban
farming besides other types of vegetables.
MOTION OF NON-NEWTONIAN FLUID BETWEEN TWO CO-AXIAL POROUS CIRCULAR CYLINDER
Authors: Chakraborty G , Panja S.
Published: September 2024

This paper aims to study the flow of a non-Newtonian fluid of Reiner-Rivlin type between two co-axial porous circular cylinders. The inner cylinder moves with a transient velocity while the outer one is fixed.
Integration of LIME Explainable AI to Enhance Interpretability of Deep Learning Models in Box Palette Classification
Authors: Raditya Evan , Indraswari Rarasmaya
Published: September 2024

In the food production system, manual box palette arrangement often encounters errors, such as incorrect stacking patterns, mismatched box quantities, and improper mixing of product variants. This issue occurs in a soy sauce production company with limited infrastructure, leading to the mixing of two product variants with the same box size in a single production line. This results in disruptions to the production flow and significant potential losses. This study proposes a solution using deep learning to detect box palette arrangement patterns. The Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) method is chosen because it has proven effective in image classification. Additionally, this study implements Explainable AI (XAI) to provide explanations related to classification results, increasing user confidence in the system. The Local Interpretable Model-agnostic Explanations (LIME) technique will be used to provide interpretations. This research produces the development of a deep learning model to classify box palette arrangements. Furthermore, the implementation of LIME in this study successfully provides interpretations of the model's predictions. The result is evident in the result where it shows that MobileNetV2 give an F1-Score of 100%, and LIME fidelity score of 0.2 and stability score of 0.2.
İndiyum katkılı LATP katı elektrolitinin yapısı ve katkılamanın iyonik iletkenlik üzerindeki etkisi
Authors: Öksüzoğlu Fatih , Çelik Gültekin
Published: September 2024

Bu çalışmada, %10 indiyum katkılı LiAlTi(PO4)3 (LATP) katı elektrolitinin iyonik iletkenliği incelenmiştir. Daha büyük iyonik yarıçapıyla indiyum katkısının kafes hacmini artıracağı ve böylece iyonik iletkenliği geliştireceği varsayılmıştır. Arayüzey gerilimlerinin neden olduğu yüksek iç dirençlerle ilgili sorunları hafifletmek için malzeme ve üretim faktörlerini dengelemek için çaba sarf edilmiştir. Sentezlenen LiAlInTi(PO4)3 (LAITP) katı elektrolit, sırasıyla X-ışını kırınımı (XRD), taramalı elektron mikroskobu (SEM) ve elektrokimyasal empedans spektroskopisi (EIS) kullanılarak kristal yapısı, morfolojik özellikleri ve Li+ iyon iletkenliği açısından karakterize edilmiştir. Sonuçlar, indiyum katkısının LATP'nin iyonik iletkenliğini önemli ölçüde geliştirdiğini ve gelişmiş enerji depolama uygulamaları için potansiyelini vurguladığını göstermiştir.
THE DIFFERENTIATION OF SETTLEMENTS IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF SREBRENICA AS A CONSEQUENCE OF AGGRESSION
Authors: Nezirovic Senada
Published: September 2024

The municipality of Srebrenica is located in the northeast of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Due to the aggression, in April 1992, a large number of residents left the area. Thus, the exile crisis of the population of Srebrenica has begun and has not ended to this day. The paper presents theoretical and practical research on the settlements and population of Srebrenica and the changes that occurred after the aggression and genocide. The paper identified the causes and problems faced by the population living in this area today. Apart from literature and planning documents, indicators obtained from municipal departments for social activities, statistical indicators of the Agency for Statistics from the population and household census were used in the preparation of the work. The results show the demographic uncertainty, i.e. the municipality of Srebrenica is, from a demographic point of view, one of the most affected areas by the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
IMPACT OF PERSONALIZED ADVERTISING ON CONSUMER ORDERING DECISIONS: A STUDY OF FOOD DELIVERY APPS IN DELHI-NCR
Authors: Arora Sukriti
Published: September 2024

Leveraging the advancements in digital technologies, marketers are increasingly relying on personalized ads to reach their target customers. In the realm of food delivery apps, targeted ads are being used to tempt users into ordering more and more meals. According to Statista, the food delivery market in India was valued at USD 7.4 billion in 2023 and is expected to reach approximately USD 24 billion by 2026.This study aims to understand the impact of personalized advertisements by food delivery apps on the purchase decisions of consumers in Delhi-NCR, which is the second-largest regional market in India for this sector. Employing a mixed-methods approach, the research methodology integrates surveys and focus group discussions to identify the specific elements influencing the food ordering decisions of the respondents. The study's primary objective is to discern the extent to which personalized advertisements wield influence on user behaviour, including preferences, decision- making processes, and ordering tendencies. Elaboration Likelihood Model will provide the theoretical framework for this study to understand how individuals process persuasive information.The findings of the research can potentially offer actionable recommendations for the stakeholders in their efforts towards optimization of marketing strategies and elevate the effectiveness of advertising endeavours in this digital realm.
THE PARADIGM SHIFT OF THE LGBTQ COMMUNITY IN INDIA: A STUDY CONCERNING THE FUTURE OF SAME-SEX MARRIAGE AND CONJUGAL RIGHTS
Authors: Simrat  , Banerjee Mukherjee Sulakshana
Published: September 2024

The LGBTQ community has been fighting for decades, and various movements are taking place around the world. While there have been notable advancements in LGBTQ rights activism in India in recent years, obstacles still exist on both a social and legal level. Although the government must make sure that these rulings are broadly accepted by society, the courts have been crucial in rendering just and equitable verdicts. Unfortunately, neither the federal government nor the state governments have taken concrete steps to support LGBTQ people, and social acceptance is still elusive. LGBTQ people have fought and won lots of small battles in recent years, but their major concern is about marital status. Same-sex marriage is still illegal in India, and homosexuality was decriminalized there in 2018. Notably, same-sex couples now have rights comparable to those of married individuals, according to a historic Supreme Court ruling from August 2022. The Supreme Court has begun considering several petitions asking for same-sex marriage to be recognized. Advocates for LGBTQ people and same-sex couples hope for the best, but government authorities and religious organizations are adamantly against them. With a significant LGBTQ community of almost 10 million people in the nation, this conversation is crucial. To ensure full acceptance and equitable treatment for LGBTQ people within the framework of traditional Indian culture, the courts and legislature must set the direction for LGBTQ rights in India. They must also determine what legislative and social changes are necessary.
Tâhir Harîmî Balcızâde, Naklî İlimler Tarihi, haz. Fuat Aydın, M. Mücahid Dündar, Habib Kartaloğlu (Ankara: Eski Yeni Yayınları, 2022) XXXI+478 s.
Authors: Öğe Furkan Ramazan
Published: September 2024

Osmanlının son dönemlerinde doğup Cumhuriyetin ilk yıllarında yaşayan Tâhir Harîmî Balcıoğlu (ö. 1951), şer‘î ilimlerin tarihini anlatmak amacıyla bir eser kaleme almış ve Naklî İlimler Tarihi adını verdiği bu eserini on yılı aşkın bir sürede tamamlamıştır. Müellifin en meşhur eseri Tarihi Medeniyette Kütüphaneler, oldukça erken bir vakitte, 1931 senesinde yayımlansa da Naklî İlimler Tarihi’nin neşri için 2022 yılını beklemek gerekmiştir. Bir mukaddime ve altı bölümden oluşan eser, Kur’ân/Tefsir, Hadis, Fıkıh ve Kelâm ilimlerinin tarihlerini ele almaktadır. Bölümlerin dağılımları söz konusu olduğunda eserin yarıdan fazlasının kelâm tarihine ayrıldığı görülmektedir. Fakat müellifin kelâm tarihi ile kastettiği esasında mezhepler tarihidir. Zira bu
bölümde İslâm toplumundan neşet etmiş mezhep ve fırkalar ele alınmış, kelâm ilmine bölüm sonunda kısaca yer verilmiştir. Yazıldığı dönem ve bölge bağlamında değerlendirildiğinde eser; içerdiği konu çeşitliliği ve zengin kaynakçası sebebiyle oldukça kıymetli olup Cumhuriyetin ilk yıllarındaki İslâmî ilimlere dair bilgi birikimi göstermesi itibariyle de ayrıca önemlidir.
O ALUNO COM TDAH NA ESCOLA: DESAFIOS ENFRENTADOS PELA FAMÍLIA E PELA ESCOLA
Authors: Nunes Ginete Cavalcante , Dias Deuma Conceição Rodrigues Damaceno , Carvalho Maria das Graças de
Published: September 2024

Este artigo apresenta uma pesquisa bibliográfica que teve como objetivo principal compreender qual os desafios que a família enfrenta com seus filhos com Transtorno do Defict de Atenção e Hiperatividade (TDAH) que estão na escola. Pode se perceber muita das vezes a família sente sozinho sem apoio da escola no processo de aprendizagem de seus filhos com TDAH. A criança com TDAH apresenta dificuldade de aprendizagem, a família sempre busque se aproximar da escola para buscar apoio, são ignoradas pelo profissional que atua. Para este estudo buscou-se fazer uma pesquisa aprofunda sobre o assunto a partir de material já publicado como artigos, livros, e outros materiais disponíveis. Verificou-se mediante esse estudo que a família enfrenta com seus filhos com TDAH que estão na escola muitos obstáculos para inserir dentro desse ambiente.
En Bloc Palmar Desquamation in Extensive Chickenpox
Authors: Sudipta Mondal
Published: September 2024

A 25-year-old man presented with fever and rash which progressed to extensive vesicular eruptions all over the body by the 4th day (Figure 1A).
Luke’s Divine Call of Jesus. Part One
Authors: Williams Robert Lee
Published: September 2024

Luke represents Jesus’ death as the martyrdom of a prophet. M. Dibelius has noted this in 1919. C.H. Talbert adds in 1982 that Jesus’ death “is not an atoning sacrifice.” Such an assessment of Jesus and his death, for the “Christ” who “atones for sins,” is anemic to some scholars. F. Bovon, prefers to say, “[T]he attitude of the people . . .  testifies not only to the exemplary character but also to the redemptive nature of the passion.” The question is thus joined for this paper. Was Jesus’ passion in Luke “redemptive”? The answer is found in Luke’s divine call of Jesus.
Luke finds that Jesus is informed progressively of God’s plans for him on five occasions, evidently from time at prayer. The first, after his baptism (3:21b-22), reveals to him divine approval in royal and servant terminology. Next, after a night of prayer (6:12) he selects twelve as apostles and proclaims new teaching, the “Sermon on the Plain.” Then come two times of prayer (9:18, 29), the first prior to and the second on the occasion of visible transformation on a mountain, the “transfiguration,” regarding Jesus’ prophetic role and his coming suffering.
After declaring at his final meal the beginning of a new covenant, but without reference to sacrifice for sins, he prays for guidance a final time on the Mount of Olives (22:41-44), preparing for anticipated suffering and vindication. We conclude that Jesus’ death for Luke is the martyrdom of a prophet that does not atone for sins but does seal a new covenant (22:20).
The study will be published in two parts, the first extending through the four occasions above and the subsequent one in the issue to follow beginning with the fifth and final instance.
Optimal solution for PV integrated with smart grid connected fast charging EV station: A case study for Jaipur
Authors: Girish Kumar Dev  , Satyamwada Priyadarshi
Published: September 2024

Current research study investigates the optimal solution for integrating photovoltaic (PV) solar panels with a smart grid-connected fast-charging electric vehicle (EV) station in Jaipur, India, using HOMER software for simulation. The study aims to develop a cost-effective and sustainable charging infrastructure specifically designed for e-rickshaws and personal vehicles, targeting reduced electricity costs. The findings demonstrate that a hybrid Solar and Grid-integrated EV charging station significantly lowers operational costs while promoting renewable energy adoption. The optimized Solar + grid system, compared to a traditional grid-only model, achieves substantial savings, with an average annual energy bill reduction of ₹26,17,806. Despite an initial capital expenditure of ₹50,22,895, the system's financial viability is affirmed by a rapid payback period of 1.9 years (simple) or 2.1 years (discounted) and an impressive internal rate of return (IRR) of 51.3%. Over a 25-year project lifespan, the system is projected to generate total savings of ₹6,54,45,150. The analysis considers various financial metrics, including monthly and annual energy costs, demand charges, and fixed charges, providing a comprehensive overview of the economic benefits. The results underline the importance of incorporating solar power into EV charging stations to reduce overall energy expenses and enhance long-term sustainability. This study offers valuable insights for policymakers, energy managers, and stakeholders, highlighting the economic and environmental advantages of solar-integrated charging solutions in urban settings.
Interaction between Electromagnetic (EM) wave and human head: Normal adult and elderly heads
Authors: Gasmelseed Akram
Published: September 2024

In recent years, there has been an increasing public concern about the health implications of electromagnetic (EM) wave exposure with the use of mobile telephones. In this paper, we have evaluated the EM absorption in the human head at GSM 900 MHz (Global System for Mobile telecommunications) and DCS 1800 MHz (Digital Cellular System) radiation. Two models for human head were considered. The first model was normal adult head whereas the second model was normal elderly head. First, a stratified structure of the human head is modeled. Next, a two-dimensional (2-D) cylindrical head model based on finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method is investigated. Our previous described 2-D FDTD code based on LabVIEW has been utilized. Much attention has been paid to the induced specific absorption rate (SAR) in elderly human head.
Potato disease detection and control measure recommendation using CNN
Authors: Aditya Hegde  , MohanAradhya
Published: September 2024

Potato cultivation will continue to be a crucial agricultural endeavor, significantly enrich to global food supply. and economic prosperity. However, the ongoing vulnerability of potatoes to diseases, particularly named early Blight and late Blight, will persist as a substantial threat to crop yield and quality. Traditional disease identification methods, reliant on expert visual inspection, are expected to remain time-consuming, error-prone, and inadequate for timely intervention. This paper will outline to find Potato diseases and recommend effective control measures using convolutional Neural-Networks (CNN). The project will adopt an object-oriented methodology to ensure modularity and maintainability, leveraging TensorFlow for comprehensive dataset collection, data cleaning, and model training. TensorFlow Lite will be applied to optimize and quantify the developed model, enhancing the efficiency of the deployment process. The frontend will be crafted with React Native to facilitate user accessibility and seamless interaction. The resulting deep learning technique is anticipated to exhibit high accuracy in identifying early-blight and late-blight in potato plants, enabling users to receive prompt and reliable disease predictions and actionable control suggestions. This innovative approach aims to downgrade crop losses, improve productivity, and foster sustainable agricultural practices, thereby bolstering global food security in the future.
A study to assess the knowledge and utilization regarding services available in the primary health Centre among women residing in a selected rural community area, Udupi
Authors: Varshitha Rathnakar Bangera
Published: September 2024

The study assessed the knowledge and utilization of primary health centre services among 100 women in a rural Udupi community using descriptive research designs and a structured self-administered knowledge questionnaire. The tool's reliability and validity were tested with nursing and medicine experts. The collected data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The study found that 84% of women had poor knowledge scores about primary health centre services, with a mean of 17.62. 100% utilized these services and practiced a balanced diet to prevent nutritional disorders. Factors like number of children had no significant association with knowledge scores, indicating partial acceptance of hypothesis H1. The study found that most women lack knowledge about primary health center services, but use them and consume balanced diets to prevent nutritional disorders.
A cross-sectional study to assess the prevalence of frozen shoulder among patients with diabetes mellitus
Authors: Marjorie Miraclin  , Joanna Christina Fassioms  , Sowmiya A  , Lavanya M  , Sharmili P
Published: September 2024

Purpose: Adhesive capsulitis (AC), is also known as frozen shoulder an insidious painful condition of the shoulder persisting more than 3 months. This inflammatory condition that causes fibrosis of the glenohumeral joint capsule is accompanied by gradually progressive stiffness and significant restriction of range of motion (typically external rotation).this study focusses on identifying frozen shoulder among diabetic patients as glycosylation process causes collagen in the shoulder to get stick which leads to frozen shoulder among type 2 diabetes patients. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study with total of 501 participants with the diagnosis of Diabetic Mellitus (DM).The participants underwent range of motion testing and shoulder strength assessment and Pain assessment using Emoji based Visual Analogue Pain scale. Results: Among 501 patients male were 49.9% and female were 50.9%. the value of HbA1c is categorized as uncontrolled diabetes with HbA1c value as >7 is 6.60% and controlled diabetes with Hba1c value as <7 is 93.4%. Through the preliminary assessment, the mean score for risk assessment is >4 , where 62.7% falls under high risk of frozen shoulder. Conclusion: The study concluded that participants with uncontrolled diabetes have high risk towards developing frozen shoulder. Duration of pain in DM was directly proportional to the high risk of frozen shoulder and females were more affected than males.
Inovasi Asesmen Formatif Non Paper-Based dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia
Authors: Oktaviani Suci , Jumriah Jumriah , Meisella Reri Suci , Susilo Susilo , Kalukar Ventje Jany
Published: September 2024

Penggunaan asesmen formatif non paper-based dalam pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia kelas 8 menghadirkan potensi untuk meningkatkan keterlibatan dan hasil belajar siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi efektivitas berbagai metode asesmen non paper-based seperti video presentasi, podcast, dan kuis permainan interaktif. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan historical research/documentary study. Hasil penelitian memaparkan inovasi asesmen non paper-based yang dapat meningkatkan keterlibatan siswa, mengembangkan keterampilan komunikasi, serta mendorong kreativitas dan ekspresi diri. Selain itu, metode ini juga memfasilitasi pembelajaran mandiri dan kolaboratif, memberikan umpan balik yang konstruktif, serta menawarkan fleksibilitas dan aksesibilitas yang lebih baik dalam proses pembelajaran. Dengan demikian, inovasi ini berpotensi meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia di kelas 8 secara signifikan
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Realistics Mathematics Education (RME) terhadap Kemampuan Literasi Numerasi Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Budianti Yudi , Aningsih Aningsih , Oktapiani Nabila Mega
Published: September 2024

Perihal diteliti berawal dari minimnya penerapan model pembelajaran, khususnya dalam aspek literasi numerasi, yang berdampak negatif terhadap efektivitas proses belajar siswa. Ketidakcukupan model pembelajaran ini mempengaruhi kualitas dan hasil pembelajaran yang diterima oleh siswa. Tujuan dari perohal diteliti guna mencermati implikasi modelnya pengajaran Realistics Mathematics Education (RME) dalam kecakapan membaca numerasi murid kelas 5 pada SDN Jatisampurna III, Kota Bekasi. Penelitian ini menerapkan pendekatan kuantitatif melalui bermetode eksperimen semu yang menautkan dua kelas dengan terdiri dari kelas eksperimen juga kelas kontrol. Dalam penelitian ini, teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah uji-t.. Hasil kemampuan litererasi numerasi siswa yang berlakukan menerapkan modelnya pengajran Realistics Mathematics Education (RME) tinggi dibandingkan akan kelas diberlalukan menerapkan modelnya pengajaran Problem Based Learning (PBL). Hasil analisis hipotesis diperolehkan sebesar nilainya Thitung (2.332) > Ttabel (2.00172) dengan sig 0,023. Dalam temuan analisi menggambarkan jika terdapatnya implikasi model pembelajaran model pembelajaran Realistics Mathematics Education (RME) dalam kemampuannya literasi numerasi siswa kelas 5 Sekolah Dasar di SDN Jatisampurna III Kota Bekasi
V All-Russian Congress with international participation «5P Children’s Medicine»
Authors: Odinaeva N. D. , Kutsev S. I. , Morozov D. A. , Ruzhentsova T. A. , Kovtun O. P. , Loshkova E. V. , Kondratyeva E. I.
Published: September 2024

The article presents materials and results of the VAll-Russian Anniversary Congress with international participation «5P Children’s Medicine», held in Moscow on March 27-29, 2024. The significance of this event for the development of Russian pediatric medicine and as asignificant event in the world of pediatric medicine is considered in the framework of extrapolating the experience of the best pediatric practices, highlighting new achievements in fundamental and applied pediatrics.
Endocrinopathy due to proproteinkovertase 1/3 deficiency: primary enteropathy, diabetes insipidus, secondary hypothyroidism
Authors: Belousova T. V. , Grinberg I. G. , Andryushina I. V. , Novoseltseva A. A. , Nikulina A. B.
Published: September 2024

Proprotein convertase 1/3 (PC1/3) deficiency is an autosomal recessive disease caused by rare mutations in the proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 1 (PCSK 1)gene, associated with severe malabsorptive diarrhea, obesity and some endocrine abnormalities. Proprotein convertase 1/3 is acalcium-dependent serine endoprotease involved in the proteolytic processing of various prohormones (peptide hormones in enteroendocrine cells that are necessary for the absorption of nutrients and is also expressed in the arcuate and paraventricular nuclei of the hypothalamus, in the beta cells of the pancreas) in their bioactive forms. The onset of the disease in the neonatal period of life is characterized by aclinical picture of severe malabsorption diarrhea, accompanied by developmental delays, and requires long-term parenteral nutrition. As the disease progresses, additional endocrine abnormalities develop, including diabetes insipidus, growth hormone deficiency, primary hypogonadism, adrenal insufficiency, hypothyroidism, and obesity. We conducted aprospective observation of apatient with agenetic disease due to proprotein convertase 1/3 deficiency confirmed during follow-up. The patient was examined and treated at the State Novosibirsk Regional Clinical Hospital in Novosibirsk for 11 months, with repeated (3-fold) hospitalizations. Purpose: to demonstrate the features of the onset and course of the disease, as well as the difficulties in verifying the clinical diagnosis of an ultra-rare genetic disease from the category of endocrinopathies, the complexity of medical support and therapy. Apeculiarity of this case is the fact that the identified mutation in the gene was not previously registered in control Russian samples of the genetic mutation of proprotein convertase 1/3 deficiency, as well as apreviously undescribed variant of the nucleotide sequence in exon 4 of the PCSK1 gene in aheterozygous state and was not registered in control samples gnomAD and RUSeq. Proprotein convertase 1/3 deficiency is adisease that is amultidisciplinary problem, since etiopathogenetic therapy has not yet been developed. The disease has achronic course with constant relapses of intestinal syndrome, is difficult to manage with symptomatic treatments and, as it progresses, has ahigh risk of developing additional endocrinopathies and death. All of the above emphasizes the need for early diagnosis and selection of rational replacement and accompanying therapy to save the lives of patients.
Claudin is a promising biomarker of intestinal wall permeability
Authors: Khavkin A. I. , Tsepilova M. O.
Published: September 2024

To date, sufficient information is available on changes in the levels of tight contact proteins (TCPs) in various diseases. Of greatest interest is the study of claudin due to numerous studies confirming the important role of this protein in the development of pathologies. Deafness, behavioural changes, and nerve conduction disorders occur due to insufficient claudin production. Claudin is involved in the maintenance of cell polarity due to its apical location in the cell. When pathological processes occur, claudin may undergo phosphorylation, leading to changes in cell polarity and impaired regulation of APC levels. Irritable bowel syndrome is one of the possible causes of impaired regulation of claudin levels. In this pathology there is adecrease in claudin-1 expression. In addition, claudins play different roles in different tumour tissues, and the same protein may be differentially expressed in different forms of cancer. Claudin-4 expression is upregulated as disease progresses in colorectal cancer (CRC), oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma, and its upregulation is associated with decreased invasiveness and metastatic potential, which is positively correlated with improved prognosis. In contrast, overexpression of CLDN 4 in breast cancer (BC) and pancreatic cancer (PC) is positively correlated with invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis and poor prognosis. Aim: systematisation of available data on the biological role and clinical significance of claudin. Materials: review of Russian and foreign literature from 2013-2023.
Antimicrobial therapy in newborns: from theory to practice
Authors: Lavrentyev S. N. , Petrova A. S. , Lyulka T. S. , Loshkova E. V.
Published: September 2024

Currently, there are no uniform accurate statistical data on the development of neonatal sepsis. This critical condition is difficult to diagnose in the early stages due to the lack of reliable markers with high prognostic value, and the use of currently available sepsis markers with high specificity and/or sensitivity is limited to large tertiary level obstetric hospitals. In this regard, as part of the early diagnosis of neonatal sepsis, issues related to amultifactorial assessment of the risk of neonatal sepsis becoming relevant, on the basis of which indications for prescribing therapy for the prevention of this condition will be justified. The most common etiological cause of sepsis is numerous pathogens: bacteria, viruses and fungi. This again leaves difficulties in choosing the right therapeutic tactics, especially within the framework of antibiotic therapy, the protocols of which vary from hospital to hospital not only in our country, but throughout the world. Based on the practice of domestic and foreign colleagues, it is necessary to discuss protocols for the management of patients with such acomplex diagnosis as sepsis.
The possible links between empathy and entrepreneurship in social settings: A systematic narrative review
Authors: Kheirabadi Alireza , Daah Alikia
Published: September 2024

Empathetic abilities have always thought to be linked with prosocial ideas and possibly, the inauguration of entrepreneurial social events which are targeted at benefitting the ones in need. However, the exact link between these two variables is still ambiguous. Therefore, this review aimed to scrutinize their link among the cross-sectional survey-based studies to further elucidate the nature of this relationship. We started by giving some background on the definitions of entrepreneurship and empathy. Then, we provide an exhaustive account of the history of works which studied this relationship. Subsequently, we compare all these previous studies and synthesize the congruent data in the papers with consistent statistics. Finally, we summarize the conclusions which might be inferred from the related literature and give some recommendations for future researchers.
Ultrasonographic Measurement of Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter in Patients with Traumatic Head Injury: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Ghimire Niraj , Paudel Nabin , Ghimire Nisha , Ghimire Prasanna , Koirala Asmit
Published: September 2024

Introduction: The early detection of elevated intracranial pressure is crucial for guiding interventions and improving patient outcomes in head injury patients. The intracranial pressure assessment with invasive intracranial devices is the gold standard. These devices however has a risk of infection, bleeding and dislodgement. Optic nerve sheath diameter measurement using ultrasonography has emerged as a promising method for indirect intracranial pressure estimation.
Aims: To observe the changes in optic nerve sheath diameter over period of time, and to correlate the optic nerve sheath diameter with computed tomography findings of raised intracranial pressure in traumatic head injury.
Methods: A prospective cross-sectional time series study was conducted at Nepalgunj Medical College to assess the utility of ultrasonography measurement of optic nerve sheath diameter in patients with head injuries from August 2023 to January 2024. Forty-nine patients with head injuries were included in the study. The ultrasonographic optic nerve sheath diameter measurements were obtained at admission, 48 hours post-admission, and 1 month post-head injury. The clinical parameters including Glasgow Coma Scale and radiological findings from Computed Tomography head were recorded.
Results: Forty nine patients were enrolled in the study. Among them, 44.90% (27) were male and 55.10% (22) were female. Age ranged from 5 to 66 years, with a mean of 33.94 ± 15.27 years. The mean optic nerve sheath diameter was 5.24±0.86 mm at admission which decreased to 4.31±0.62 mm at 48 hours and 4.02±0.47 mm at 1 month. Our study showed significant reduction in optic nerve sheath diameter after conservative or surgical treatment in patients with head injury (F = 27.017; P =0.002)
Conclusion: The ultrasonographic measurement of optic nerve sheath diameter proved to be a valuable tool in monitoring intracranial pressure in patients with head injuries.
Role of FNAC in Breast Lump and its Histopathological Correlation
Authors: Shrestha Richa , Vaidya Pooja , Adhikari Milan , Adhikari Shiv Vansh , Shrestha Anil
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Breast malignancy is one of the common causes of morbidity and mortality among females. Screening of breast lumps by Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) is included in triple approach and is easy to perform. Accuracy of diagnosis can be further enhanced by histopathological confirmation.
Aims: The role of FNAC in diagnosis of breast lumps and to determine its diagnostic accuracy.
Methods: This was a hospital based prospective study conducted over the period of one year (from March 2023 to February 2024) in department of Pathology, Nepalgunj Medical College, Kohalpur, Nepal. Patients who presented with breast lump underwent FNAC with biopsy for histopathological study was included in the study. Cytological opinion was categorized according to International Academy of Cytology Yokohama System for Reporting Breast Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsy Cytopathology criteria reporting system. Histological correlation was carried out in patients who went surgical excision or biopsy of the lesion.
Results: Most common diagnosis on cytology was fibroadenoma. According to International Academy of Cytology Yokohama reporting system C2 (benign) was most common reported category (19 cases). On histopathological study, 19 cases were benign and 13 cases were malignant with most common benign lesion being fibroadenoma and all malignant cases were Invasive ductal carcinoma. All cases diagnosed as malignant on cytology were concordant on histopathology. Three benign, one atypical and one suspicious on cytology were malignant on histopathological study. The sensitivity and specificity of FNAC was 84.2% and 69.2% respectively. Diagnostic accuracy of FNAC was 59.4%.
Conclusion: Breast FNAC is a rapid and reliable tool for evaluation and have high sensitivity and specificity.
कालिकोटे भाषिका र मानक नेपाली भाषाका काल र पक्षको व्यतिरेकी अध्ययन
Authors: उपाध्याय धनकृष्ण
Published: September 2024

भाषा भत्राले भावाभिव्यञ्जन गर्ने माध्यमलाई बुझिन्छ । भाषाको मुख्य प्रयोग ध्वनिसङ्केतहरूको सहायताबाट भावको अभिव्यञ्जनका लागि हुन्छ । ध्वनि सङ्केतबाट मात्र भनाइको पूर्णता र स्पष्टता हुन सक्छ । भाषा शब्द संस्कृतको भाष् धातुबाट निष्पत्र भएको हो जसको अर्थ व्यक्तिवाणी हुन्छ । भाषाको कथ्यरूप नै मूल रूप हो । प्रत्येक भाषामा आफ्नै खाले शब्दभण्डार अर्थव्यवस्था र व्याकरणिक व्यवस्था हन्ु छ । समयको अन्तराल, भौगोलिक विकटता, सांस्कृतिक तथा राजनीतिक विविधता र बसाइँ सराइका कारणले भाषिक रूपमा विविधता आउँछ । तत्पश्चात् एउटै भाषाभित्र विभित्र भाषिकाहरूको प्रादुर्भाव हन्ु छ । यिनै भाषिकाहरूको समुच्चय नै भाषा हो भाषाको प्राचीनता र भौगोलिक दूरता जति बढ्यो त्यति नै बढी भाषिकाहरू जन्मने सम्भावना रहन्छ । समाजका सदस्यहरू आपसमा सञ्चार विनिमय गर्दा भाषिकाको नै प्रयोग गर्दछन् । भाषा प्रायः औपचारिक, स्तरीय र स्थिर प्रकृतिको हुन्छ भने भाषिका अनौपचारिक, स्वतःस्फूर्त र गतिशील हुन्छ । स्थानअनुसार भाषाका व्यवस्थामा सामान्य भित्रता पैदा हुन्छ । कुनै खास स्थानमा बसोबास गर्ने व्यक्तिहरूले बोल्ने भाषाको क्षेत्रीय रूप नै भाषिका हो । एउटै भाषिका बोल्ने व्यक्तिहरूको भाषाका उच्चारण, रूप, शब्दभण्डार, वाक्यगठन, अर्थ, व्याकरणिक कोटिहरूजस्ता समग्र व्यवस्थामा पूर्णतया समानता हुन्छ । यिनै आधारमा रही यहाँ कालिकोटे भाषिका र मानक नेपाली भाषाबिच काल र पक्षबिच तुलनात्मक अध्ययन गरिएको छ । कालिकोट जिल्लाका कोटबाडा, कुमालगाउँ, रकु, सिउना र नानीकोट गााविसहरूलाई प्रमुख अध्ययन क्षेत्र मानी क्षेत्रीय अध्ययन विधिको आधारमा व्यतिरेकी अध्ययन गरिएको छ । यस क्रममा अन्तवार्ता, छलफल र प्रश्नोत्तर गरी सामग्री सङ्कलन गरी प्राप्त सामग्रीलाई सत्यापन गरिएको छ । प्राप्त सामग्रीलाई शोध अध्ययन विधि र पुस्तकालयीय अध्ययन विधि प्रयोग गरी निष्कर्षमा पुग्ने प्रयास गरिएको छ ।
Comparison of Rotterdam and Helsinki Computed Tomography Scoring System in Predicting Outcome in Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Gurung Ashim , Karki Anjan Singh , Shrestha Gyaneswhor , Shrestha Dipendra Kumar , Pradhanang Amit B , Sedain Gopal , Shilpakar Sushil Krishna , Sharma Mohan Raj
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a global public health problem. Different studies related to prognostic models have been performed previously to predict the outcome after TBI. The comparison between Rotterdam and Helsinki scores has been done in patient population in other countries. The main objective of this study is to compare these two scoring systems for prediction of outcome after TBI in Nepalese patient population.
Materials and Methods: This is a prospective observational study done in the Department of Neurosurgery, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital from December 2019 to March 2021. Patients with TBI (mild complicated, moderate and severe) presenting to the hospital within 24 hours of injury were included. Their outcome was predicted on the basis of Rotterdam and Helsinki scores as per the Extended Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOSE) at the time of discharge and in six months.
Results: A total of 88 patients with a mean age of 34.4 + 15.33 years were included with a male: female ratio of 6.3:1. The most common mode of injury was fall from height [43(48.9%)] followed by road traffic accidents [29(33%)] and physical assaults [14(15.9%)]. The majority of patients had a mild complicated head injury [56(63.6%)].81.8% patients had a favorable outcome in six months. The Rotterdam score had an AUC of (0.781 and 0.753) for mortality and unfavorable outcome. Similarly the Helsinki score had an AUC of (0.775 and 0.748) for mortality and unfavorable outcome respectively.
Conclusion: Both scoring systems have high prediction for both unfavourable outcomes and mortality after TBI. However for prediction of outcome Rotterdam score was slightly superior to Helsinki Score but for mortality prediction Helsinki score was slightly better than the Rotterdam Score.
Perception of MBA Students Towards Their Career Choice in Kathmandu Valley: Evidence from Structural Equation Modelling
Authors: Dangol Sangeeta , Basyal Devid Kumar , Poudel Devi Kumari
Published: September 2024

Background: Making a career decision is a crucial moment in any student's life. A good career decision leads to bridge the gap between where you are and where you want to be. Identification of the factors that influence student’s career decision making helps them to achieve their goal.
Objective: Therefore, this study looks into MBA student’s perception towards their Career Choice.
Method: The explanatory research design was adopted for this study based upon social cognitive theory. The study area of the research is Kathmandu valley where Structural questionnaires were used using KOBO toolbox to collect the data. Using the Stratified sampling methods, data were collected on a sample of 229 students pursuing MBA from different University. Structural Equation Modeling is used to see the MBA students’ perception towards career choice using SPSS and SPSS AMOS software.
Finding: Findings reveal that the majority of the students were female, which suggests that lack of guidance, lack of experience, and financial circumstances are the main problems that may be overcome by good supervision as well as practical/experimental exposure to improve students' career choices. Moreover, SEM result indicates that individual background and self-efficacy are significance causal relationship to career choice.
Conclusion: The idea of career should be focused on freedom to do job in flexible timing and to get credit for result for idea and result. Factors such as Career advancement, status of the organization i.e. size, status and image are the major indicators for choice of career.
Paper Types: Research Paper
Keywords: Entrepreneurship, Employment, Career Choice, MBA program
JEL Classification: C26, E24, M10, C12
Investigating the Effect of Kaizen Management on Industrial Performance at Kathmandu Valley: Empirical Evidence of Japanese Management Theory
Authors: Kutu Nischal , Chalise Mahananda , Danuwar Ranjana Kumari
Published: September 2024

Background: Kaizen, originating from Miyazaki et al. (1986), emphasizes efficient work approaches, impacting global businesses. Despite its widespread adoption, Nepal faces queries regarding its efficacy and implementation challenges.
Objective: This study examines the effect of Kaizen Management on Industrial Performance at Kathmandu Valley – one of the core business cities of South Asia as well as challenges of Kaizen Management by providing the managerial solution for effective Kaizen Management.
Methods: Following the Japanese Management Theory (Theory Z), an explanatory research design is employed to identify causal relationships between variables in the study of Kaizen management. Based in the Kathmandu Valley, managers from 158 industries (35 from Bhaktapur, 62 from the Balaju Industrial Estate, and 61 from the Patan Industrial Estate) were selected using probability sampling techniques, and primary data were collected via survey methods using structured questionnaires.
Results: Employee Skills & Efforts, Working Area Impact, and Follow-up Activities all have a significant impact on how Kaizen management is implemented. This finding provides theoretical support for Japanese Management Theory. According to the results, Kaizen management is a new idea that has to be given greater consideration in Nepalese industrial estates.
Conclusion: Organizational rules and procedures need to be changed and amended more so that staff members, supervisors, and organizations may make significant strides in implementing Kaizen Management across industries in Kathmandu valley.
Keywords: Kaizen Management, Industrial Estate, Structural Equation Modelling, Nepal
Paper Type: Research Paper
JEL Classification: J53, M11, M12, O32, G32
Managerial Negotiation and Conflict Resolution on Banking Sector of Kathmandu Valley: Evidence from Structural Equation Modelling
Authors: Kayastha Neha , Paudel Udaya Raj , Mahapatra Sushanta
Published: September 2024

Background: Conflict is an inevitable aspect of any organization, including the banking sector, where disagreements between parties, such as between superiors and subordinates, are common. Effective negotiation is often key to resolving these disputes, ensuring mutual satisfaction through discussion and compromise.
Objective: This study aims to critically evaluate the negotiation strategies used by management in the commercial banking sector of Kathmandu Valley for conflict resolution.
Method: A survey was conducted to gather data on negotiation strategies used by managers in the banking sector for conflict resolution. Participants were selected through purposive sampling, a non-probability sampling method, resulting in a total of 267 respondents, including managers and officers. The collected data were then analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to identify the preferred negotiation strategies and their effectiveness in conflict resolution.
Result: The findings indicate that the majority of respondents, who are managers, prefer cooperative strategies in conflict situations, reflecting a high concern for others. The integration strategy was the most commonly used approach for negotiation, demonstrating a focus on maintaining positive relationships while resolving disputes.
Conclusion: The study concludes that managers in the Kathmandu Valley banking sector prioritize maintaining good relationships during conflict resolution. This approach reflects a broader strategy of using negotiation to achieve mutually beneficial outcomes. The study provides valuable insights into current practices and offers recommendations for enhancing conflict resolution strategies in Nepal’s commercial banking sector, contributing to smoother operations and greater employee and employer satisfaction.
Paper Types: Research Paper
Keywords: Negotiation, conflict resolution, structure equation modeling, integrative strategy, compromising strategy, avoiding strategy
JEL Classification: F51, D74, G21, C1, C5
PELATIHAN KETERAMPILAN DASAR LABORATORIUM KIMIA UNTUK SISWA SMA NEGERI 5 KOTA TERNATE
Authors: Sugrah Nurfatimah , Khadijah  , Khusna Arif Rakhman  , Linda Kurnia Mustafa
Published: September 2024

Pembelajaran praktikum adalah bagian penting dalam pembelajaran kimia karena dengan praktikum siswa juga mempelajari pengetahuan teoritis melalui aplikasi dengan berbagai alat dan mereka memperoleh pengalaman praktis. Pengetahuan keterampilan laboratorium kimia siswa SMA di Kota Ternate berada pada kategori rendah, sehingga dibutuhkan pelatihan untuk meningkatkan keterampilan laboratorium siswa. Tujuan dari pengabdian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan keterampilan dasar laboratorium siswa dalam menimbang, memipet, menyiapkan larutan, mengukur pH, keselamatan laboratorium, dan melakukan penyaringan serta memberikan pengetahuan kepada siswa dalam hal mengenali, mengidentifikasi, dan mengatur penggunaan peralatan laboratorium. Metode yang dilakukan adalah pelatihan dan pendampingan.   Peserta PKM adalah siswa Kelas XI IPA SMA Negeri 5 Kota Ternate yang berjumlah 32 orang. Bentuk evaluasi yang dilakukan untuk mengukur keterampilan laboratorium adalah dalam bentuk observasi. Hasil pengabdian menunjukkan rata-rata keterampilan laboratorium siswa sebesar 82% berada dalam kategiri baik. Sehingga melalui pengabdian ini ada peningkatan keterampilan laboratorium siswa dari kategori rendah menjadi kategori baik.
Critical stages in pea photosynthesis impaired by tetracycline as an environmental contaminant
Authors: Piotrowicz-Cieślak Agnieszka Iwona , Michalczyk Dariusz Jan
Published: September 2024

The widespread use of antibiotics in intensive animal husbandry, and the agricultural utilization of manure from such farms, imposes a significant burden on the environment. Consequently, the effects of antibiotics should be studied not only in animals and humans but also in all components of biocenoses and agrocenoses. In our study, we analyze the impact of four different concentrations of tetracycline present in soil (0, 5, 50, and 500 mg/kg of soil) on the growth and key photosynthesis parameters of pea seedlings: chlorophyll concentration, aminolevulinic acid concentration, aminolevulinic acid dehydrogenase activity, and ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase-oxygenase (RuBisCO) activity. At the lowest tetracycline concentration, chlorophyll content decreased by 13% compared to the control (0 tetracycline), while at the highest antibiotic concentration, it decreased by as much as 27%. Similarly, the decrease in aminolevulinic acid (a chlorophyll precursor) concentration was significant, amounting to 34%. However, the activity of the dehydrogenase enzyme, which consumes this precursor, decreased even more drastically by 51%, indicating significant disturbances in the light phase of photosynthesis. However, the activity of RuBisCO in pea plants subjected to tetracycline was even more severely affected, dropping by 58%, 69%, and 70% in soils with increasing concentrations of tetracycline. The reduction in enzyme activity could only partially be explained by a less pronounced decrease in the quantity of RuBisCO (large subunit) protein, which amounted to 6.5%, 11%, and 35% for tetracycline concentrations of 5, 50, and 500 mg/kg of soil, respectively.