bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of the corona virus (Covid 19)pandemic on stroke code activities and outcome. A retrospective observational study
Authors: Jala Sheila , Bertmar Carin , Wronski Miriam , Day Susan , Barr Jeanne , Hu Ying , O’Brien Elizabeth , Priglinger-Coorey Miriam , Aziz Iqra , Krause Martin , Elliot Rosalind , Fry Margaret
Published: December 2024

Background

The Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected the delivery of healthcare around the world. We assessed the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on hospital presentations, reperfusion treatment and outcomes in a comprehensive stroke centre.

Methods

In this observational study seven months of retrospective data from February 2020 (at the beginning of the pandemic) were compared to data collected for the same time frame in 2019.

Results

There was a transient reduction in stroke presentation only at the beginning of the wave of COVID-19 community transmissions in Sydney. There were significantly more haemorrhagic strokes in the COVID-19 period (n = 66, 15.4 % vs n = 95, 21.5 %, P = 0.02) and baseline stroke severity was higher (NIHSS median 3 vs 4, P = 0.049). Similar proportions of ischaemic stroke patients received reperfusion therapy in the two time periods (IV thrombolysis [n = 51, 17.3% vs n = 52, 17.9%, P = 0.838]; and ECR [n = 38, 12.9% vs n = 46, 15.9%, P = 0.30]). The time from presentation to stroke bed admission was significantly shorter during the COVID-19 period (median 295 vs 260 minutes, P = 0.031). Three-month follow-up Modified Rankin Score was 2 (median) in both periods (P = 0.92).

Conclusion

There was no change in stroke presentations overall during the 2020 COVID 19 pandemic time period with the exception of the first phase of the pandemic. Baseline stroke severity scores were higher. There was no a difference in the degree of disability at three-month follow-up.
Understanding Parkinson's Disease: A Basic Overview
Authors: Anderson Rachael L , Choo Adelene , Sharrad Sue , Withey Ruth
Published: December 2024

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a multi-system disease, with clinical features typically described across three domains: motor, non-motor, and neuropsychiatric symptoms. There is no known cause or cure for PD, and diagnosis occurs often through a process of elimination, remaining one of clinical assessment, expert opinion, and observing disease progression over time. In the absence of disease modifying therapy for PD, pharmacological treatments play a role in symptomatic relief and improving quality of life (QoL). A narrowing therapeutic window and motor fluctuations present a challenge to the pharmacological management of PD. Device assisted therapies including Duodopa, Apomorphine and deep brain stimulation are based on the concept of providing stable and continuous stimulation to minimise pulsatile sudden or unexpected fluctuations. Studies continue to demonstrate the benefit of multidisciplinary input and the impact on functional status, mood, motor abilities, cognitive performance, speech skills, independence and QoL of a person with PD. Nurses are well placed to identify complications, escalate concerns, and initiate timely referral to members of a multidisciplinary team. Understanding the clinical features of PD as well as the basic assessment and management of the disease is essential in providing holistic care and supports to maintain QoL for those with PD and their caregivers.
Intravenous Thrombolysis in Acute Ischaemic Stroke Two Years into the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Jala Sheila , Bertmar Carin , Fry Margaret , Elliott Rosalind , Day Susan , O’Brien Elizabeth , Priglinger-Coorey Miriam , Krause Martin
Published: December 2024

Introduction

Changes in intravenous thrombolysis treatment rates for acute ischaemic stroke during the COVID-19 pandemic have been reported. We examined the differences in the provision of intravenous thrombolysis in patients with acute ischaemic stroke, two years prior to and two years into the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods

Data were compared between March 1, 2018 to February 28, 2020 (Pre-COVID-19) and March 1, 2020 to February 28, 2022 (COVID-19). Data collected included patients’ demographics, intravenous thrombolysis rates, and patient outcomes.

Results

There was an increase in ischaemic stroke patient admissions during the COVID-19 period (Pre-COVID-19 n=1041, vs COVID-19 n=1087). Yet, fewer stroke patients received intravenous thrombolysis (19.2% vs 13.9%, p<0.001), and there were more stroke mimics thrombolysed (8.3% vs 15.6%, p=0.021) during this period. During the COVID-19 period, there was a significant delay in hospital presentation for patients who were thrombolysed (Pre-COVID-19 = 86 minutes vs COVID-19 = 107 minutes, p = 0.004); and delay in giving thrombolysis (median door to needle time: Pre-COVID-19 = 59 minutes vs COVID-19 = 65 minutes, p = 0.002). Fewer patients had severe stroke symptoms (National Institute of Health Stroke Scale score = >15) (12.2% vs 4.8%, p=0.009) during the COVID-19 period. There was no significant difference in patients’ post-thrombolysis outcome (median National Institute of Health Stroke Scale score = 1, p=0.136; discharge modified Rankin Scale score = 1, p=0.647; and mortality p=0.655).

Conclusion

This study showed that during the first 2 years of the COVID-19 pandemic, there was a significant decline in the thrombolysis rates and delay in the administration of the intravenous thrombolysis treatment.
Puff of Smoke: Moyamoya and the nursing role following STA-MCA bypass
Authors: Brazill Harriet E
Published: December 2024

Superficial temporal artery (STA) to middle cerebral artery (MCA) bypass, also referred to as STA-MCA bypass, is a direct revascularisation treatment for moyamoya disease. Moyamoya disease is a rare cerebrovascular condition characterised by progressive narrowing of the distal segments of the internal carotid arteries. Untreated, this may cause varied and progressive symptoms for patients, with a significantly increased risk of stroke annually. STA-MCA bypass is performed several times a year at Royal North Shore Hospital by specialist cerebrovascular neurosurgeons. This is a quaternary service with patient referrals received from throughout Australia.

This paper will provide an overview of moyamoya, the surgical treatment and nursing care. The pre- and post-procedure nursing care for these patients is paramount, including perioperative blood pressure management, neurological assessment and wound care. The paper will also explore a case study of a patient who underwent a STA-MCA bypass, highlighting the value of specialised neuroscience nursing care, and additional considerations when managing patients living at a distance from the local health district.
The incidence of worsening impulse control disorders in the initiation of apomorphine therapy
Authors: Tsui David , Galea Donna
Published: December 2024

Apomorphine therapy was first discovered in the 19th century and became clinically available for use in 1980’s. Apomorphine therapy has been described as an underutilised therapy for Parkinson’s disease (The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of Impulse Control Disorders (ICD) using a clinician administered rating scale the ‘Questionnaire for Impulsive-Compulsive Disorders in Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale’ (QUIP-RS). The results of this study were consistent with the current literature that was reviewed. We found that apomorphine therapy were unlikely to worsen ICD and the use of apomorphine infusion may even improve ICD. In addition, concomitant use of dopamine agonists was not likely to worsen ICD.
MICROBIOLOGICAL QUALITY OF READY-TO-EAT FOODSIN BENIN: BIOLOGICAL CONTAMINANTAND HEALTH RISKS
Authors:   Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ISBA, Cotonou, Benin., Hilarion Ahehehinnou Ulrich ,   Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, National University of Agriculture, Benin., Christie Sissinto Adjovi Yann ,   Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ISBA, Cotonou, Benin.,   Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, National University of Agriculture, Benin., Prince Mintognisse Fossou Joli ,   Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ISBA, Cotonou, Benin.,   Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, National University of Agriculture, Benin.
Published: December 2024

In sub-Saharan Africa, the food trade represents a significant aspect of human activity. In Benin, public markets and other street stalls represent a significant presence. However, most vendors lack the basic infrastructure required to ensure product safety. Traditional foodstuffs, such as dried fish and other products that are not preserved, present a significant health risk owing to the presence of biological pathogens,which can cause significant damage to human health if ingested. Foods containing biological pathogens are thought to cause over 200 diseases.Africa, particularly Benin, is currently experiencing tremendous economic expansion and is of great interest for eliminating or minimizing the danger of food-borne diseases. Therefore, it is important to assess the type of pathogen responsible and the circumstances in which it causes health problems. This review considers the stock of biological contaminants in foods sold in Benin, the associated health risks, and highlights the food safety practices.
PHYTOCHEMISTRY AND ANTHELMINTIC EFFICACY OF ACETONIC AND DICLOROMETHANE EXTRACTS OF A. INDICA TWIGS ON FEMALE HAEMONCHUS CONTORTUS EGGS AND WORMS
Authors:   Normal High School (ENS), Department of Science, Institute of Science and Technology, Koudougou, Burkina Faso., Genevieve Zabre ,   University Joseph KI-Zerbo (UJKZ), Department of Animal Biology and Animal Physiology, Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso., Amadou Dicko ,   National Center for Scientific and Technological Research (CNRST), Department of Animal Production, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso., Traore Boureima ,   Centre Universitaire de DORI/ Universite Thomas Sankara, 12BP 417 Ouagadougou 12, Burkina Faso., Bale Bayala ,   University Joseph KI-Zerbo (UJKZ), Department of Animal Biology and Animal Physiology, Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
Published: December 2024

Treatments using bioactive plants are increasingly being studied due to their low cost, availability and anthelmintic activities, but also because these plants do not present resistance to parasites. This study evaluated the effect of two extracts, dichloromethane and acetone, on Haemonchus contortus eggs and adult worms. With regard to the inhibition of H. contortus egg hatching, the results showed that the dichloromethane extract was more effective than the acetone extract at doses of 5, 2.5 and 1.25 mg/mL, with rates of 73.93%, 73.03% and 65.24% respectively. However, acetone extract recorded a high inhibition rate at doses of 10 and 20 mg/mL, with 85.59% and 92.04% respectively. Concerning mortality of adult female worms, concentrations of 5, 10 and 20 mg/mL showed the highest mortality rates compared with doses of 2.5 and 1.25 mg/mL. Mortality rates varied with time. The results show that the acetone extract showed the highest mortality rate with the 20 mg/mL dose (77%) and as early as 2áµ‰ hour of exposure. For the dichloromethane extract, apart from the 0 hour of exposure, all concentrations recorded mortality rates whatever the time. Thus, we can deduce that A. indica could constitute an alternative for gastric nematode control. However, in vivo tests are needed to confirm the results obtained in vitro.
GESTION DES DECHETS DE DEMOLITION A LA PHASE PREPARATOIRE SUR LE SITE DU PROJET DE CONSTRUCTION DU POLE AGROALIMENTAIRE DES AGGLOMERATIONS DU GRAND NOKOUE
Authors:   Laboratoire dEtudes des Dynamiques Urbaines et Regionales (LEDUR)/ UAC, Rep du BENIN., Ahognisso Gabin Tchaou
Published: December 2024

In Benin, the management of demolition waste is still not done efficiently. Which constitutes a handicap for environmental and human health. This research aims to analyze the management of demolition waste in the Wholesale market in Kansounpka in the Municipality of Abomey-calavi. The methodological approach adopted in this research revolves around the collection of data, their processing and the analysis of the results. Documentary research and fieldwork are the main techniques used for data collection. In total, 42 people were investigated in this work. The data was collected using a questionnaire, an interview guide and an observation grid. These collected data were processed manually and using computer tools and the results were analyzed with the PEIR model. Analysis of the results from field investigations reveals that seven (07) types of waste were identified during the demolition of the site housing the Wholesale market in Kansounpka. These are rubble (46 m3), sand from the embankments of destroyed buildings (1338 m3), sheet metal debris (3 m3), iron bars (29 m3), wood debris (38 m3) , tree felling debris (27 m3) and pipe debris (5 m3). The management of this waste is done according to two methods, in particular, making it available to populations (71%) and direct reuse (29%). Furthermore, waste from demolition has a negative impact on the environment. Indeed, 90% of local residents interviewed revealed that waste from demolition seriously pollutes the environment, 70% of them think this demolition negatively affects biodiversity and 2% believe that soil and water are polluted by this waste. These results therefore show that the waste resulting from the demolition of the Gros market site in Kansounpka negatively influences the environment and in view of this information, suggestions were made in this research in order to better manage, in the future, these types of waste.
RADIOACTIVITY, SATYAGRAHA AND SELF-ACTUALIZATION: A MULTIDISCIPLINARY EXPLORATION FOR A DEEPER UNDERSTANDING OF SPIRITUALITY AND SCIENCE
Authors:   Research Scholar, Department of Applied Psychology, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam, 530045, India., ANV Prasad
Published: December 2024

This theoretical study explores the interconnectedness of Radioactivity, Self-Actualization and Satyagraha, reveals transformative and growth-oriented parallels between physical, psychosocial, and spiritual domains. These concepts converge on themes such as energy, consciousness, balance, harmony, nobility, and stability, offering a profound understanding of consciousness, energy, and matter. By integrating physics, psychology, sociology, and philosophy, this interdisciplinary inquiry fosters a deeper comprehension of science and spirituality.
IN-VITRO SIMULATION TEST METHODOLOGY OF THE VALVULOPLASTY EMBOSSING BALLOON SYSTEM: AN INNOVATIVE APPROACH TO AORTIC VALVE STENOSIS TREATMENT
Authors:   Meril Medical Innovations Pvt. Ltd., Bilakhia, House, Survey No. 879, Muktanand Marg, Chala, Vapi - 396 191, Gujarat, India., Deveshkumar Mahendralal Kothwala , Bhatt Chirag ,   Meril Medical Innovations Pvt. Ltd., Bilakhia, House, Survey No. 879, Muktanand Marg, Chala, Vapi - 396 191, Gujarat, India., Bhatvedekar Neha ,   Meril Medical Innovations Pvt. Ltd., Bilakhia, House, Survey No. 879, Muktanand Marg, Chala, Vapi - 396 191, Gujarat, India.
Published: December 2024

Cardiac stroke is the most leading cause of death these days. The frequency of heart defects are being diagnosed more and more frequently these days. A variety of heart diseases exist, each with its own causes, symptoms and treatments. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), are a group of conditions that affect the heart and blood vessels. They are the leading cause of death globally. Aortic stenosis is one of such vascular heart disease. Aortic stenosis is a condition characterized by narrowing of hearts aortic valve, making it harder for blood to flow from the heart into the aorta and onward to the rest of the body. The Valvuloplasty Embossing Balloon is a novel device designed to relieve aortic stenosis by dilating the stenotic valve using a controlled inflation mechanism. This study presents an in-vitro simulation testing of a developed Valvuloplasty Embossing Balloon System and evaluates the performance of the balloon system. In-vitro simulation test is performed using aortic arch simulation model. Before progressing to clinical trials or further regulatory evaluation, this in-vitro test results helps to evaluate the Valvuloplasty Embossing Balloon performance. Research results demonstrate the efficacy and reliability of the proposed methodology, offering valuable insights for further development and optimization of the balloon system.
THERMOPHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF THIN POLYPROPYLENE SHEETS REINFORCED WITH RESIDUES AND FIBERS FROM CHADS BOIS BORASSUS (RONIER)
Authors:   University of NDjamena, Faculty of Exact and Applied Sciences, Industrial Technology Studies and Research Laboratory., Malgnan Okim A. , Ngarguededjim Kimtangar E. ,   University of NDjamena, Faculty of Exact and Applied Sciences, Industrial Technology Studies and Research Laboratory., Mouangue Nanimina Alexis ,   Institut National Superieur des Sciences et Techniques dAbeche, Department of Mechanical Engineering, BP.130 Abeche, Chad., Hinpere Wedjou B. ,   Institut National Superieur des Sciences et Techniques dAbeche, Department of Mechanical Engineering, BP.130 Abeche, Chad., Ntamack G.E ,   Mechanics, Materials and Acoustics Group (GMMA), Physics Department, Faculty of Science, University of NGaoundere, B.P. 454 Ngaoundere, Cameroon.
Published: December 2024

The aim of this work is to determine the mechanical characteristics of thin polypropylene sheets reinforced with residues and fibres of Borassus wood from Chad for use in construction. Borassus is a palm tree whose wood is widely used in traditional and even modern construction in Africa for its mechanical strength and weather resistance. To do this, we formulated test specimens using different mass fractions (10%, 15% and 20%) of Borassus wood powder or fibres in the polypropylene matrix. After melting the polypropylene mixed with the powder or fibres, the specimens are produced under the effect of the compacting pressure in the mould. The moduli of elasticity obtained in three-point bending vary according to the type of composite : From 695.426 MPa to 824.87 MPa for FNTF from 495.140 MPa to 711.270 MPa for FNTM in the case of powders. From 323.194 MPa to 552.657 MPa for FibNTF from 506.475 MPa to 770.740 MPa for FibNTM in the case of fibres. Fracture stresses vary : from 29.061 MPa to 15.033 MPa for FNTF from 29.271 MPa to 20.378 MPa for FNTM in the case of powders. From 16.275MPa to 12.926 MPa for FibNTF from 16.100MPa to 15.008 MPa for FibNTM in the case of powders. Our results show an increase in moduli of elasticity and a decrease in bending fracture stresses when the levels of additives are increased, in line with the results of the literature. The composites developed in this way could be used in the construction of homes.
CHARACTERIZATION OF NEW MIXED AND HYBRID INORGANIC-ORGANIC MATERIALS BASED ON PHOSPHATES BY INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY
Authors:   Departement Physique - Chimie, UFR Science et Technologie, Universite Iba Der THIAM de Thies, Senegal., Seye Dame ,   Laboratoire de Chimie Minerale et Analytique (LA.CH.MIA), Departement de Chimie, Faculte des Sciences et Techniques, Universite Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal., Yaffa Lamine ,   Laboratoire de Chimie Minerale et Analytique (LA.CH.MIA), Departement de Chimie, Faculte des Sciences et Techniques, Universite Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal., Lo Momath ,   Laboratoire de Chimie Physique Organique et dAnalyses Environnementales, Departement de Chimie, Faculte des Sciences et Techniques, Universite Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal., Toure Assane ,   Laboratoire de Chimie Minerale et Analytique (LA.CH.MIA), Departement de Chimie, Faculte des Sciences et Techniques, Universite Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal., Gassama Diadioly ,   Laboratoire de Chimie Minerale et Analytique (LA.CH.MIA), Departement de Chimie, Faculte des Sciences et Techniques, Universite Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal., Abdoul Khadir Diop Cheikh ,   Laboratoire de Chimie Minerale et Analytique (LA.CH.MIA), Departement de Chimie, Faculte des Sciences et Techniques, Universite Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal.
Published: December 2024

In this work we synthesized three inorganic-organic hybrid organic phosphate compounds of current interest due to their fascinating architectures and potential applications in supramolecular chemistry engineeringThese compounds were characterized mainly by elementary analysis and IR spectroscopies. they were synthesized from a reaction carried out in a common organic solvent between the monocyclohexylamine phosphate andã€–SnBuã€—_2 ã€–Clã€—_2 ã€–Y(CHã€—_3 ã€–COã€—_2 )_(3.) or D_y ã€–Clã€—_3.. Structures involving complex anions have been proposed. Structures involving complex anions have been proposed. In phosphate compounds, the anion is present in the form ofã€–HPOã€—_4^(2-)and ã€–HPOã€—_4^(2-)The structures obtained are of the infinite type, monomer or with double metallic components. Phosphato compounds with rare earths gave new monomeric or double metallic component structures. The nine coordination (9) found in one of the metallic components is a coordination that we find with rare earths. The structural study of its complexes has shown that these cordination complexes can present promising catalytic activity for the oxidation and degradation of compounds such as methylene blue.
ANTI-PLASMODIAL EFFECT OF NICOTINAMIDE- VITAMIN B3 AGAINST CHLOROQUINE RESISTANT MALARIA IN AN IN VIVO MODEL
Authors:   Department of Medical Parasitology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India., Kaur Harpreet , Medhi Bikash ,   Department of Pharmacology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India., Bhatia Alka ,   Department of Experimental Medicine & Biotechnology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India., Sehgal Rakesh ,   Department of Medical Parasitology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India., Mewara Abhishek ,   Department of Medical Parasitology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India., Khurana Sumeeta ,   Department of Medical Parasitology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
Published: December 2024

Nicotinamide (NICO), an amide derivative of nicotinic acid, used in high doses for four decades, has shown antimicrobial and potential anti-malarial activity in vitro. However, its antiplasmodial effects in drug-resistant in vivo models were previously unexplored.Our study explored the antimalarial impact of Nicotinamide (NICO) in chloroquine-resistant malaria mouse models. We administered NICO at doses from 1.82 mg/kg to 4.55 mg/kg body weight, beginning 72 hours post-infection and continuing until 7th day. On the 8th day, all animals were euthanized, and blood and organs were collected for experiments.When administered alone, NICO reduced parasitemia by 88%, which further reduced to 95.27% when combined with chloroquine (65 mg/kg body weight). Plasmodium-specific 18S rRNA analysis via RT-PCR in liver confirmed reduced parasitemia with Nicotinamide aloneand in combination with chloroquine. Liver pathology scores significantly improved with the high NICO dose (4.55 mg/kg body weight, p=0.012) and its combination with chloroquine (65 mg/kg body weight, p<0.0001) compared to untreated chloroquine-resistant mice. Intracellular Reactive Oxidative Species (ROS) levels in liver lymphocytes and serum Nitric Oxide (NO) levels were notably reduced with combination therapy (p<0.001, p<0.0001, respectively). Our study demonstrates NICOs antimalarial potential alone and its synergistic effect with chloroquine, offering promise against chloroquine-resistant malaria.
WELLBEING FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF THE AL-QURAN
Authors:   Research Centre for al-Quran and al-Sunnah, Faculty of Islamic Studies, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia., Fakhrurrazi Mohammed Zabidic Ahmad , Mohammed Zabidi Mahfuzah ,   Akademi Pengajian Islam Kontemporari (ACIS), UiTM Cawangan Shah Alam, Malaysia., Mohd Burhan Norhapizah ,   Akademi Pengajian Islam Kontemporari (ACIS), UiTM Cawangan Pahang, Malaysia., Azraai Jamsari Ezad ,   Research Centre for Arabic Language and Islamic Civilization, Faculty of Islamic Studies, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
Published: December 2024

Wellbeing is a value commonly shared by all humans. Various issues that can disrupt the aspect of wellbeing require this discourse to re-examine it from the al-Qurans perspective. This study used the text-based study methodology and thematic analysis to collect and analyse the data. The findings indicate that there are four essential elements in human interaction, namely taaruf (mutual acquaintance), tafahum (mutual understanding), taawun (mutual cooperation), and tadamun (mutual solidarity). Meanwhile, the five themes of humanity identified were al-ilm (knowledge), al-shura (consultation), al-adalah (justice), al-masuliyyah (responsibility) and al-hurriyah (freedom), as well as al-musawah (equality). The implementation of these elements requires an educational system that focuses on cultivating good character amongst humans. Ultimately, all parties should return to the guidance of the al-Quran in order to sustain the welfare of humanity as a whole.
LUVEITE REVELANT LA MALADIE DE LYME : A PROPOS DE 2 CAS
Authors:   Service de Pediatrie, Chu Hassan II,Fes.Faculte de Medecine et de Pharmacie et de Medecine dentaire, Universite Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdallah de Fes., Querrach I. , Tadmori I. ,   Service de Pediatrie, Chu Hassan II,Fes.Faculte de Medecine et de Pharmacie et de Medecine dentaire, Universite Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdallah de Fes., Abourazzak S. ,   Service de Pediatrie, Chu Hassan II,Fes.Faculte de Medecine et de Pharmacie et de Medecine dentaire, Universite Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdallah de Fes., Idrissi M. , Souilmi F. ,   Service de Pediatrie, Chu Hassan II,Fes.Faculte de Medecine et de Pharmacie et de Medecine dentaire, Universite Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdallah de Fes., Chaouki S. ,   Service de Pediatrie, Chu Hassan II,Fes.Faculte de Medecine et de Pharmacie et de Medecine dentaire, Universite Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdallah de Fes., Atmani S. ,   Service de Pediatrie, Chu Hassan II,Fes.Faculte de Medecine et de Pharmacie et de Medecine dentaire, Universite Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdallah de Fes., Hida M. ,   Service de Pediatrie, Chu Hassan II,Fes.Faculte de Medecine et de Pharmacie et de Medecine dentaire, Universite Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdallah de Fes.
Published: December 2024

La maladie de Lyme est la maladie par morsure de tiquedue a un spirochete dela famille des Borreliae (Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato). Elle est caracterisee par un grandpolymorphismeclinique.Nous rapportons lobservation de 2 patients qui ont presente une atteinte oculaire : la premiere patiente de 7 ans avait une uveite anterieure granulomateuse synechiante a lexamen a la lampe a fente LAP avec evolution favorable sous ceftriaxone la deuxieme patiente agee de 14 ans, chez qui lexamen Fond dÅ“il a mis en evidence une uveite posterieure granulomateuse avec plusieurs foyers de chorioretinite, patiente mise sous doxycycline pendant 4 semaines avec bonne evolution. La maladie de Lyme fait partie de la longue liste des causesqui doivent etre evoquees devant une uveite. Le diagnostic duveite due a une maladie de Lyme necessiteun bon jugement clinique et un protocole en deux temps, utilisant un test sensible de depistage (ELISA) plus un test plus specifique mais moins sensible (western blot). La reponse favorable au traitement sera un elementsupplementaire pour etayerle diagnostic. Une antibiotherapie bien conduite permettra dameliorer la situation chez un grand nombre depatients.
Trial of fog and rainwater harvesting to alleviate water scarcity in the agricultural highlands of the Galapagos Islands
Authors: Ferguson Charlie , Guerra Robert , Cooke Sophia , Proaño Daniel
Published: December 2024

The Galapagos Islands face complex challenges to protect their endemic biodiversity against anthropogenic decline while simultaneously improving the welfare and livelihoods of a growing resident community. For instance, alternative mechanisms for water provision across the impoverished agricultural highlands of Santa Cruz are being urgently sought. This study presents the results of the largest-ever trial of fog and rainwater harvesting technologies across the archipelago, focusing on their potential role in contributing to a regional sustainable water supply. The water yields from 16 installations (eight fog harvesting and eight rainwater harvesting) were continuously monitored for a period of ten months. The results demonstrated the influence of rainfall on the yields from both technologies, though fog harvesting volumes were less adversely impacted by drier months. While rainwater harvesting provides larger and more consistent yields, fog harvesting offers a viable alternative, particularly in remote locations or where rainwater harvesting is impractical. Although practical considerations such as storage availability and economic burden are critical, this study demonstrates the substantial role that off-grid water supply mechanisms can play in enhancing the resilience of Galapagos’ agricultural zones.
A generalization of the M5 Tree model and artificial neural network model for estimating daily reference evapotranspiration under minimal climatic data conditions
Authors: Hosseini Vardanjani Seyed Mohammadreza , Ganjikhorramdel Naser , Khaltabadi Farahani Amirhossein , Khoshravesh Mojtaba , Nouri khajebelagh Rassol
Published: December 2024

To enhance water use efficiency in agriculture, accurately estimating plant water consumption is essential. This study examines the ability of artificial neural networks (ANN) and decision tree models to calculate reference evapotranspiration (ET0). Data from Shahrekord, Farokhshahr, and Saman stations (2004–2013), including temperature, humidity, wind speed at two meters, and sunshine hours, were used. The FAO Penman-Monteith model evaluated the models. In the first phase, eight scenarios were designed to estimate evapotranspiration under different climatic data. Evaluation metrics such as RMSE, MAE, and correlation coefficient (R) were calculated. Results showed that the ANN model, with a feedforward network and Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm, outperformed the M5 decision tree model at all stations: (RMSE = 0.3, MAE = 0.23, R = 0.99) at Shahrekord airport, (RMSE = 0.34, MAE = 0.26, R = 0.99) at Farokhshahr, and (RMSE = 0.31, MAE = 0.24, R = 0.99) at Saman. In the second phase, both models were trained with Farokhshahr data and tested with data from the other stations. Results again showed the superior performance of the ANN model. Overall, the study concluded that the ANN model outperforms the M5 model in data-scarce conditions, making it a better tool for water resource management.
Tracking ground water quality changes in Wadi El-Assiuti, Assiut, Egypt
Authors: Bady Mahmoud , Hassanien Hassanien Mannaa , Khaled Rehab , Zaher Amal , Hassan Ayman , Ahmed AbdelKader T. , Mahmoud Essam R. I.
Published: December 2024

Wadi El-Assiuti, a valley in Assiut governorate, Egypt, is the only irrigation source in this area. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the groundwater quality parameters in this valley. Thus, the physiochemical quality parameters, such as sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), magnesium adsorption ratio (MAR), sodium percentage (Na%), soluble sodium percentage (SSP), Kelly ratio (KR), potential salinity (PS), Water Quality Index (WQI), and Irrigation Water Quality Index (IWQI), were examined. The results revealed that groundwater, in general, was highly saline. Each of the physical and chemical parameters started with high values, but due to continuing groundwater use for years, they decreased and then increased again in 2019. The water quality parameters behave the same way as the physical and chemical parameters such as SAR but do not exceed 15.92, MAR: raised more than 50% in both periods, Na%: from 51.85 to 54.74% (with a maximum value of 65.46% in 2013) and from 54.74 to 80.52% in the period 2012–2014 and 2016–2020, respectively, SSP: rose more than 60% in both periods but reached 80.02% in 2020, KR: they rose more than 1 in both periods but reached 4 in 2020, PS: raised more than 3 meq/L in both periods but also reached 50.45 meq/L in 2020, WQI: rose more than 100 in both periods, and IWQI: rising more than 100.
Discovery of Sulfanilamide-diazo Derivatives Incorporating Benzoic Acid Moieties as Novel Inhibitors of Human Carbonic Anhydrase II Activity
Authors: Belani Farshid , Mehrabi Maryam , Adibi Hadi , Mehrabi Masomeh , Khodarahmi Reza
Published: December 2024

Background:

Sulfonamides are widely used carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (CAIs) in
clinical settings, however, their nonspecific inhibition of multiple carbonic anhydrase isoforms can
lead to reduced efficacy and side effects. This study aimed to develop sulfanilamide-diazo derivatives
incorporating benzoic acid moieties as novel inhibitors of hCA II activity to reduce side effects
and enhance selectivity for different CA isozymes.

Methods:

We investigated the interaction between these derivatives and the hCA II isozyme via
various spectroscopic and docking methods.

Results:

The kinetic data demonstrates that compound 1 (C1) and compound 2 (C2) share a similar
inhibitory strength against hCA II, effectively inhibiting its esterase activity through a noncompetitive
mechanism with Ki values at low micromolar levels. Fluorescence measurements indicated that
the synthesized compounds suppressed the inherent fluorescence of hCA II via a static quenching
process, with each compound showing a singular binding site within the enzyme. Thermodynamic
evidences highlight the significance of van der Waals interactions and hydrogen bonding in the
binding process. The results of molecular docking indicated that both C1 and C2 effectively obstruct
the entrance to hCA II's active site, with no significant differences in their binding conformations.

Conclusion:

While C1 and C2 exhibit CA inhibitory potency lower than that of sulfonamide compounds,
this study offers valuable insights that could pave the way for the development of a promising
scaffold for designing new carbonic anhydrase inhibitors.
Amidoximes and their Cyclized Analogue Oxadiazoles as New Frontiers in
Chemical Biology: Mini Review
Authors: Sadiq Ghada M. , Mohassab Aliaa M. , Abdel-Aziz Mohamed , Abuo-Rahma Gamal El-Din A.
Published: December 2024

This comprehensive review delves into the medicinal chemistry of amidoxime and 1,2,4-
oxadiazole scaffolds. These scaffolds have been modified to address bacterial infections, malaria,
inflammation, Alzheimer's disease, and cancer, yielding novel lead compounds with significant therapeutic
potential. The review scrutinizes recently developed bioactive candidates, highlighting their
antibacterial and anti-biofilm properties through the targeting of essential bacterial replication and
virulence factors. In oncology, these derivatives exhibit promise by interacting with critical macromolecules,
presenting diverse mechanisms of action. Notably, amidoxime hybrids have shown potential
in inhibiting indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1), whereas oxadiazole hybrids demonstrate
anti-proliferative effects by targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). These hybrids
also display dual inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and 15-lipoxygenase (15-LOX), indicating
significant anti-inflammatory potential. In the context of Alzheimer's disease, oxadiazoles are
emerging as promising agents targeting human carbonic anhydrase (hCA) I and II enzymes. Additionally,
they exhibit anti-malarial activity by targeting the Plasmodium parasite. The review further
examines marketed drugs such as Ximelagatran, Upamostat, and Naldemedine, underscoring their
versatile and targeted therapeutic approaches. The aim of this review is to guide medicinal chemists
in synthesizing amidoximes and oxadiazoles with enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects. These
scaffolds hold promising potential for future development and clinical trials.
Discovery and Chemical Exploration of Spiro[Benzofuran-3,3'-Pyrroles] Derivatives as Innovative FLT3 Inhibitors for Targeting Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Al-Mahadeen Mohammed M. , Jaber Areej M. , Zahra Jalal A. , Al-Najjar Belal O. , El-Abadelah Mustafa M. , Khanfar Monther A.
Published: December 2024

Aims:

This study aimed at the synthesis of several spiro[benzofuran-3,3'-pyrroles] derivatives by a three-component reaction conducted by mixing DMAD, N-bridgehead het-erocycles, and benzofuran-2,3-diones in dichloromethane at room temperature for 24 h. Moreover, in vitro evaluation of their cytotoxicity affinities against FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 was carried out.

Objectives:

The objective of this study was to use a one-pot, three-component reaction to synthesize a novel set of spiro[benzofuran-3,3'-pyrroles] derivatives.

Methods:

A novel set of spiro[benzofuran-3,3'-pyrroles] ((11-13)a-e) was synthesized by a one-pot three-component reaction involving dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate, N-bridgehead heterocycles and benzofuran-2,3-diones in dichloromethane at room temperature for 24 h. The compounds were analyzed using NMR 1H, 13C, 2D-NMR (COSY, HMQC, HMBC), and HRMS. Docking simulations were conducted to elucidate the anticancer activity of synthe-sized compounds on FLT3 protein, with Gilteritinib as a reference for comparison.

Results:

This study demonstrated the successful design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of spiro[benzofuran-3,3'-pyrroles] derivatives as FLT3 inhibitors for AML treatment. The synthesized compounds demonstrated promising binding affinities and significant inhibitory activity against FLT3 kinase. The inhibitors (11a, 11b, 11c, 12d, and 12e) exhibited excellent selectivity profiles against FLT3. Particularly, compound 12e showed strong binding affinity and potent inhibitory activity (IC50 = 2.5 μM).

Conclusion:

Fifteen new synthetic spiro[benzofuran-3,3'-pyrroles] were prepared, character-ized, and evaluated for cytotoxicity affinities against FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3. Compound 12e showed strong binding affinity and potent inhibitory activity (IC50 = 2.5 μM), making it a promising candidate for further development as a therapeutic option for AML treatment. These findings lay the groundwork for further optimization and development of spiro[benzo-furan-3,3'-pyrroles] derivatives as potential therapeutics for AML treatment. Further studies are needed to explore their efficacy and safety profiles in preclinical and clinical settings.
A Comprehensive Review on the Chinese Herbal Medicine Quzhiqiao
Authors: Wang Lixia , Pan Jiayu , Song Jianfeng , Yang Xingliang , Yang Bo , Mao Lihua , Ma Yihan
Published: December 2024

Quzhiqiao is a Chinese herbal medicine widely used in Zhejiang Province of China, which
originates from the cultivar Citrus aurantiun ‘Changshanhuyou’, named Changshanhuyou in Chinese.
Citrus aurantiun ‘Changshanhuyou’ is a botanical variety of C. aurantium L., which is obtained
after long-term domestication. It belongs to the Rutaceae family and mainly grows in Changshan
County, Zhejiang Province, China. Quzhiqiao is an authentic Chinese medicinal material in the
Zhejiang area with various pharmacological and curative effects. A comprehensive review and indepth
analysis of scientific literature on Quzhiqiao was conducted, utilizing diverse electronic databases
and additional sources. This review provides a comprehensive overview of its chemical components,
standardized quality control, pharmacological activity, and mechanism of action, which also
outlines future perspectives, highlighting the necessity for further research for harnessing the potential
of the therapeutic use of Quzhiqiao.
Advanced Modeling and Comparative Analysis of Nanofiltration Membrane Parameters: NF90 vs. NP010
Authors: Al Saadi Amal , Raut Nitin , Mousa Hasan , Vakili-Nezhaad G. Reza , Vaidya Reena
Published: December 2024

Purpose:

This study aimed to characterize commercial nanofiltration membranes (NF90
and NP010) by determining their membrane parameters and estimating osmotic pressure using the
virial equation.

Method:

A comparison has been conducted using the Van't Hoff equation for both dilute and concentrated
mixtures. Membrane parameters (σ, Ps, and ks) have been experimentally obtained, and
osmotic pressure has been calculated using the virial equation, with results compared to the Van't
Hoff equation. Various solutes, including lactose, Al3+, Mg2+, Na+, and Cl-, have been tested at different
concentrations to investigate the membrane behavior.

Result:

Result: The virial equation has shown better agreement with experimentally measured fluxes than
the Van't Hoff equation. With an increase in solute concentration, σ has decreased, while Ps and ks
have increased. Higher cation valency has increased rejection rates, with lactose exhibiting the highest
rejection. The rejection rates have followed the order of RLactose > RAl3+ > RMg2+ > RNa > RCl.
The order of σ values has been as follows: σLactose > σAl3+ > σMg2+ > σNa+ > RσCl. While the
order of Ps and ks values has been Cl->Na+>Mg2+>Al3+>lactose.

Conclusion:

The virial equation has proven to be more effective in estimating osmotic pressure. The
findings have provided valuable insights into membrane behavior under varying conditions, optimizing
the application of NF membranes across various industries.
Microencapsulation as a Tool for Controlled Drug Delivery
Authors: Mogal Rajendra T. , Patil Moreshwar P.
Published: December 2024

Controlled drug delivery systems, which release drug/s in a predetermined
manner, offer numerous advantages over conventional drug delivery systems. These
advantages include improved bioavailability, reduced dose frequency, minimized
fluctuations in plasma drug concentration, and sustained drug release. The major
drawback of the unit dosage form is dose dumping, which can be effectively overcome
by multiple unit dosage forms like microcapsules. The microencapsulation technique
involves enclosing drug/s by a thin coating shell, and the resultant product is referred to
as microcapsules. This technique has potential applications, especially in delivering
enclosed drug/s in a controlled manner, protecting them from harsh environments,
masking unpleasant tastes, and many more. Several techniques, such as mechanical
processes, chemical processes, and physicochemical processes, are used to encapsulate
drug/s. Drug release from microcapsules is predominantly facilitated by diffusion,
whereas swelling and dissolution, erosion and degradation, and osmosis are minor
mechanisms. The polymers, which can be natural or synthetic, play a stellar role in the
controlled release of drug/s from microcapsules. Prepared microcapsules are
characterized and evaluated by various techniques for shape, size, surface
characteristics, drug release and release kinetics, rheological behavior, etc. Despite the
significant promise, various constraints and restrictions hinder the use of
microencapsulation technology, creating a gap between real-life clinical practice and its
therapeutic applications. The current chapter provides a comprehensive analysis of the
most recent techniques, characterization and evaluation techniques, challenges, and
commercially available microencapsulated pharmaceutical products.
The significance of Nidra for Mental Well-Being: A comprehensive review of its benefits and mechanisms
Authors: Shantanu  , Sharma Man Mohan , Vedprakash
Published: December 2024

Nidra, often known as sleep, is an essential component of Ayurvedic philosophy and is seen as one of the three Upastambhas: fundamental dimensions of well-being, nutrition, and celibacy. The Ayurvedic tradition acknowledges the significant influence that Nidra can exert on an individual's physical and mental health. This extensive analysis investigates the impact of Nidra on improving mental well-being, consolidating results from current research and clinical trials. This comprehensive review examines the role of Nidra in enhancing mental health using secondary data sourced from both international and national repositories. This study investigates the impact of Nidra on mental well-being by an examination of its effects on stress reduction, emotional regulation, and enhanced sleep quality. The findings indicate that Nidra presents a proper supplementary method to conventional mental health treatments, offering a critical understanding of its advantages and fundamental processes. This report suggests future research and practical applications, underscoring the need to conduct more rigorous investigations to confirm and comprehend the complete range of Nidra's advantages.
Rationality of using Ayurvedic interventions in Diabetic Neuropathy in Geriatric age group
Authors: Parveen Rukhsar , Jassim Rahiman  , Sowmiya V  , Singh O.P
Published: December 2024

Diabetic Neuropathy is a damaging of Nervous system associated with Diabetes Mellitus. It occurs due to microvascular injury involving small blood vessels in addition to macrovascular conditions with a prevalence rate of almost 50% in individual with long standing type 1 and type2 Diabetes[1]. Symptoms may include tingling sensation, numbness, burning that starts from feet and spreads proximally etc. In Ayurveda there is no direct reference of Diabetic Neuropathy but it is mentioned as a symptom and complication of Prameha. Hence the most important thing is to be done in Diabetic Neuropathy is to maintain the blood sugar level to normal limits with proper medication, diet, and adequate physical exercises. This review article is to enlighten what ayurvedic interventions including dietary regimen (Ahara), medications (Aushadha) and purificatory method (Shamsodhana) has been used in Prameha to control and prevent its further complications
Breath of Life: The Therapeutic Role of Pranayama in Enhancing Respiratory Health and Quality of Life in Cancer Care
Authors: B S Anantha Krishna , S Ramya
Published: December 2024

This review systematically examines the therapeutic potential of Pranayama - controlled breathing techniques - in enhancing respiratory health and overall quality of life for cancer patients. The article provides a detailed analysis of key Pranayama practices, including Deep Breathing, Nadi Shodhana, Kapalabhati, and Bhramari, focusing on their physiological mechanisms and clinical impacts. Evidence suggests that these practices significantly improve pulmonary function, enhance oxygen saturation, and alleviate symptoms such as breathlessness - crucial factors in managing the respiratory challenges associated with cancer treatment. Furthermore, Pranayama has demonstrated efficacy in reducing psychological distress, including anxiety, depression, and stress, thereby improving emotional resilience and mental clarity in cancer patients. The review highlights the integration of Pranayama into oncology care, proposing practical, evidence-based guidelines for its safe and effective application. It also identifies critical research gaps, including the need for studies on personalized Pranayama protocols, the long-term effects on cancer survivorship, and the utilization of digital health technologies to enhance accessibility. By bridging traditional yogic practices with contemporary cancer care, Pranayama is presented as a complementary, holistic intervention that supports both physical recovery and emotional well-being, contributing to a higher quality of life for cancer patients.