bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ATUAÇÃO DO ENFERMEIRO NA IMPLANTAÇÃO E GESTÃO DO LABORATÓRIO DE PESQUISA ELMOLAB
Authors: Costa Silva Leticia Kelly , Franco Moreira Francisco Jadson , de Castro Júnior André Ribeiro , Paiva de Abreu Leidy Dayane , Pasqualini Nerio Valéria Romão , Socorro Martins Maria Iara , De Oliveira Moraes Luna Morgana , Freire Gomes Ticiane , De Paula Santos Marcos Augusto
Published: May 2024

Objetivo: no estudo relatar a atuação do enfermeiro na implantação e gestão do laboratório de pesquisa ELMOLAB. Método: Realizou-se a implantação a partir da organização das estruturas do laboratório e montagem de materiais e equipamentos para seu funcionamento, assim como o manual elaborado com a finalidade de estabelecer a normatização e regras dos profissionais que utilizarem o espaço. Houve a criação de um fluxo de implantação e funcionamento que ocorreu em agosto de 2021 e permanece atualmente. Resultados: Após a implantação do local, foi necessário rever os materiais que necessitavam de solicitação, assim a responsável pelo setor solicitou recursos para suprir a demanda que os pesquisadores necessitam para a coleta de dados, sendo os gases medicinais insumo com maior necessidade de utilização. Partindo do contexto supracitado no avanço de pesquisas em prol da tecnologia e melhorias para a sociedade, o Laboratório de Pesquisa (ELMOLAB) foi originado, como um espaço permanente de pesquisa, inovação e de colaboração com a gestão institucional, contando com a participação de pesquisadores e estudantes das diferentes áreas. A criação do fluxo de funcionamento do laboratório de pesquisa foi elaborada pelos envolvidos no projeto, após reuniões de estratégias com a finalidade de implantar os espaços de forma adequada para recepção do público e pesquisadores. Considerações finais:Foi observado que a implementação do laboratório contribuiu para inovação tecnológica das futuras pesquisas, e que, trata-se de um sistema que precisa ter o apoio institucional e das instâncias superiores.
NEMU–ANG, A NEW MUSICAL COMPOSITION
Authors: Santosa Hendra , Darmawan I Komang Werdi , Hartini Ni Putu
Published: May 2024

Nemu-Ang is an innovative Karawitan musical composition. The background of the musical artwork is from the phenomenon of appreciate the melody, which currently doesn't exist in almost every musical artwork. The main reason for that is that the lay public can't enjoy the work. This phenomenon inspired Karawitan's composition with the medium of the Gamelan Singapraga. This Karawitan music composition takes the object of honey as a central object because this honey has a multitude of benefits and a sweet taste that stands out, so this focuses on aspects of how honey is produced and the taste of honey itself. Nemu-Ang's innovative form of musical composition uses rhythm, melody, and harmonization from the Singapraga Gamelan to have a sweet taste like honey and the process of making it. The method for producing this work is Panca Stithi Ngawi Sani by Prof. Dr. I Wayan Dibia, and it is very easy to understand for ordinary people who want to create art. This method includes the ngawirasa (find the inspiration), ngawacak (object exploration), ngarencana (conception of the object), ngawangun (execution of the concept), ngebah (presentation/performed the artwork). Based on the results of applying this method, Nemu-Ang's work was very effective, and the work was realized as it should have a duration of 11 minutes. In the future, this work can be enjoyed by the wider community to become an inspiration for further musical works.
Russian Red Cross: history and directions of work (19th century — early 21st century)
Authors: Dzheiranova Sofya , Kolesnikov Ilya , Davydova Elena , Manina Tatyana
Published: May 2024

The article deals with the history and peculiarities of the organization of the Russian Red Cross from the XIX century to the present. The authors draw attention to the fact that this community helped people not only during the war but also in case of natural disasters and epidemics. The participation of the Red Cross in the organization of sanatorium treatment of people is noted.
Danube strategy of St. Petersburg and Russian-Serbian economic relations late XIX – early XX centuries
Authors:   Moscow State Institute of International Relations, Vishnyakov Yaroslav
Published: May 2024

The article, based on documents from the Archive of the Foreign Policy of the Russian Empire, for the first time introduced into scientific circulation, reveals the plans of the Russian Empire for economic penetration into the markets of Serbia and other Balkan countries during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. A decisive factor in the economic strategy of the St. Petersburg ruling circles in relation to the Balkan region were the activities of the Russian Danube shipping company, which was assigned not only a commercial, but also a political role, as this strengthened Russian influence in the Balkan countries, primarily in Serbia. In addition, the development of navigation along the Danube in the late 19th and early 20th centuries allowed the Russian Empire to gain a foothold in the oil markets of both the Balkan countries and Austria-Hungary and Germany. From 1914–1915, during a special-purpose expedition headed by M.M. Veselkin, military cargo was transported to Serbia, namely on the ships and barges of the Russian Danube Shipping Company, which was an important factor of Russian-Serbian military cooperation during the First World War
Czech and Slovak Leftists in Russia during the Civil War (1917–1919)
Authors:   Institute of Slavic Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, Serapionova Elena
Published: May 2024

The article deals with the beginning of the Czechoslovak national movement in Russia during the First World War. The author describes the change in the soldiers’ moods during the war and under the influence of the revolutionary events in Russia. The article shows the formation process of the Czechoslovak Communist Workers’ party in Russia, analyzes the activities of propaganda and agitation by Russian, Czech and Slovak Prisoners of war and legionaries as well as their participation in the armed struggle on the side of the Bolsheviks. Particular attention is paid to the split within the Czechoslovak national movement and the communists’ attitude towards the branch of the Czechoslovak National Council in Russia. On the basis of published and archived materials, the author takes a fresh look at the activities of the Czechoslovak left during this period.
The Interpretation of Action of the Czecho-Slovak legionaries in 1918–1920 in the Works of the French Military Representatives in Russia
Authors:   Institute of Slavic Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moshechkov Petr
Published: May 2024

The article deals with the reflection of the main events connected with the history of activity by the Czecho-Slovak Army Corps during the Civil War in Russia, as depicted in the memoirs of the officers of the Army of the French Republic who commanded the military missions in Russia or served in them. Regarding the historiography of the problem, it stands to mention that both the Russian and the Czech and Slovak historiography contain a considerable part of scientific works that are concerned with the reasons for the emergence of the military coup against the Soviet power by the Corps. Th is particular group of studies is devoted to the definition of the activity in Siberia of the famous Slovak scientist and politician, general of the French Army, and War Minister of the Czechoslovak Republic, Milan Rastislav Štefánik. Especially the works of the Russian historians E.P. Serapionova and E.F. Firsov deserve particular attention. Th e place that the Czecho-Slovak Army Corps occupied in the projects of the Entente powers on the organization of the Allied intervention in Russia is the subject of study in the works of A.Iu. Pavlov, Yu.M. Galkina and E.P. Feskova. However, the problem of how these aspects are reflected in the memoirs of French military representatives, who were witnesses of the events, has not been suffi ciently studied. Th e principal sources for this article are the memoirs and diaries of A. Vergé, A. Guinet, P. Pascal, M. Janin, L. Grondijse, J. Lasiez and G. Dubarbier. Th e study shows that the sources analyzed in the article are of great significance because they allow for an examination of the problem presented in the article from different perspectives.
“It’s fair to go the common road where… the vital needs of the country lead.” The history of secret negotiations between the Reds and Whites on the surrender of the Russian army by General P.N. Wrangel in Crimea in the fall of 1920
Authors:   Institute of Slavic Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ganin Andrey
Published: May 2024

The article is devoted to the history of secret negotiations between the Reds and Whites on reconciliation in the fall of 1920. Then a White officer, staff captain V.B. Mozharovsky crossed the front line to the Reds. The officer, who said that he represented a group of oppositionists to General P.N. Wrangel officers from the White Crimea, led by Colonel N.F. Sokolovsky, wanted to surrender the Russian army of General P.N. Wrangel to the Reds. To implement the plan, guarantees from the Soviet government were required. The proposal of the White emissary was scrutinized in Soviet Russia at the highest level – the head of the Soviet government V.I. Lenin and the Chairman of the Revolutionary Military Council of the Republic, L.D. Trotsky, took part in the discussion. It was decided to accept the proposals of the White oppositionists, appointing the authoritative General A.A. Brusilov to the head of Wrangel’s army. However, it soon became clear that the agent had arrived under false identity, which led to the disruption of the entire operation, since Mozharovsky was considered a provocateur. Even though it is possible that this was a White intelligence operation, however, there is evidence that the proposals of the White oppositionists could have been real. Perhaps at the end of the Civil War, when the defeat of the Whites became obvious, part of the White military elite decided to play it safe and ensure a safe passage to the Soviet camp by surrendering Wrangel’s army to the Reds.
Nikola Pašić and Soviet Russia/Soviet Union (1917–1926)
Authors:   University of Belgrade, Životić Aleksandar
Published: May 2024

Revolutionary events in Russia in 1917 led to a break in the relations between the Kingdom of Serbia and Russia. The diplomatic initiatives started immediately after the end of the First World War coincided with the aspirations of the Yugoslav kingdom to normalize relations with the largest and most important Slavic country and the eff orts of the revolutionary authorities of Russia to get out of their isolation and fight for their place in the international community. Although both sides shared the belief that there were no real political obstacles, this step was not taken. The reasons for such behaviour of the Yugoslav government and diplomacy were numerous. On the one hand, ideological rivalry and exclusivity, and on the other, observing the other side through the lens of ideological prejudices, led to the distancing of two extremely close political, military and economic areas. The Soviet determination for a world revolution, the demolition of the existing and the construction of a new social order clashed with the Yugoslav persistence in preserving the existing state. Negotiations on mutual recognition and the establishment of diplomatic relations, which were initiated several times, faced insurmountable difficulties, often related to the very set of international circumstances in which the Yugoslav-Soviet rapprochement would certainly threaten the fragile Yugoslav position and disturb its relations with its traditional allies. Although official recognition did not occur, it was carried out in practice through a series of public and secret bilateral contacts and the joint signing of a series of multilateral acts.
Kosovo and Metohija in 1929 - an attempt to solve the national question by dividing the Yugoslav state into banovinas
Authors:   Institute for Recent History of Serbia, Belgrade, Slavković Mirić Božica
Published: May 2024

The territory of Kosovo and Metohija in the period after the First World War until the introduction of the personal regime of King Alexander was part of the province of South Serbia within the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, until it became part of the Vranje, Kosovo, Raška and Zeta regions. According to the 1921 census, the largest number of inhabitants were Serbs and Albanians, but more than half of the population spoke the Albanian language. In the period before 1929, this area was characterized by cultural neglect, national separation, economic underdevelopment, traffic disconnection with other parts of the country, insufficient state control, tolerance of financial and legal malfeasance, and an uneasy border with the Albanian neighbour. In order to solve the national question and state crisis, the Yugoslav state was divided into nine banovinas, and Kosovo and Metohija became part of the Vardar, Moravian and Zeta banovinas. The Yugoslav idea in Kosovo and Metohija was opposed by the idea of a Greater Albanian state, which the members of the Kachaks movement and then the Kosovo Committee tried to achieve with the support of Germany and Italy. They augmented their activities with the approach of the Second World War. Propaganda was spread that Kosovo and Metohija should belong to Albania, by means of distributed books, brochures, and posters with a picture of the Albanian royal couple. The Albanians were hiding weapons, which was confirmed by the results of searches of the Albanian population at the border, where everything unusable was handed over to the authorities. They used Albanian flags and Albanian initials. During the Second World War, the path was opened for the creation of Greater Albania, and the banovinas ceased to exist.
The Comintern and plans for the re-establishment of the Communist Party of Poland (1937–1939)
Authors:   Institute of Slavic Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kanarskaya Anna
Published: May 2024

On August 16, 1938, the Presidium of the Comintern dissolved the Communist Party of Poland. This decision formally confirmed the actual liquidation of the organization. In the Soviet Union, the party’s purges among the Polish political emigration, which began in 1933– 1934, had grown into mass repressions by 1937. The formal reason was the accusation that the party was said to be “contaminated” by external and internal enemies of the USSR, acting in the interests of Polish intelligence. Previously unpublished documents provide insight into the Kremlin’s plans to restore the party in 1939. Probably realizing the inevitability of a military conflict with Germany, Moscow was in a hurry to implement this project. However, in August 1939, the leadership of the Comintern abandoned this intention. It is possible that such a decision could be connected with the holding of Soviet-German negotiations, which ended with the signing of the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact. Work on the formation of a personnel reserve continued on the territory of the USSR in the party-political schools of the Comintern, which trained staff for the “fraternal” communist parties. As for the Communist Party of Poland, it was revived in December 1942, but under a new name – the Polish Workers’ Party.
“I know the city will be, I know the garden will bloom when there’re such people in a soviet country!” – The Yugoslav communist Stefan Bogdanovski’s life and death in the USSR
Authors:   Institute of Slavic Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, Silkin Alexander
Published: May 2024

It is incorrect to limit the study of the phenomenon of Yugoslav, and generally foreign, communist emigration to the USSR in the 1920- 1940s to figures of the first and second row. The fates of those who did not hold high positions in the Communist Parties or Comintern may also be regarded as a reflection of significant historical processes. In particular, the life of Svetozar Jovanović (a.k.a. Stefan Bogdanovsky, 1897–1941), a shoemaker from the village Mirijevo, 25 km from Požarevac, is an illustrative example of the relationship between the state machine and the “little man” who dared to “play politics.” During the brutal era of world wars, several authoritarian and totalitarian regimes tried to deprive him of his freedom and his life, which ultimately happened in 1941 in German-occupied Kyiv. From 1914–1918 there were many occasions in which S. Jovanović could have died on the battlefield or in the Austro-Hungarian POW camp, where he ended up in 1915. Demobilized in 1919, the former soldier of the Serbian army joined the Communist Party of Yugoslavia, in which a few years later he took the position of “secretary” regional committee”. In 1928, Jovanović, who was facing arrest, was sent by the party to Moscow to study at the Communist University of National Minorities of the West (KUNMZ). Having received a Soviet passport and now member of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks, the student received a new “school name,” namely, “Stefan Pavlovich Bogdanovsky.” From now on, he, like millions of Soviet citizens, had to constantly seek some form of “peaceful coexistence” with the authorities, and, consequently, yield to its pressure, make inevitable “compromises with conscience.” His instinct of self-preservation warned Bogdanovsky from participating in internal party squabbles, and a “duty journey” to Spain (1936–1939) saved him from the Great Terror. During the three years Bogdanovsky spent abroad, most of his classmates and senior party comrades were executed. In fear of the prospect of following them, he, upon returning to the USSR, renounced his wife, who was arrested during his absence by the NKVD and sentenced to five years in a GULAG. Bogdanovsky left for Kyiv, where he started a new family. Having dodged the “punishing sword of revolution,” our hero, however, did not cease to be a hostage to big European politics. In September 1941, he shared the fate of more than half a million soldiers and commanders on the Southwestern Front who defended Kyiv and found themselves surrounded by Germans.
Soviet prisoners of war in the memories of Yugoslav prisoners in German camps during the Second World War
Authors:   University of Belgrade, Milikić Nikola
Published: May 2024

Тhe German occupation of Europe during World War II led to the imprisonment of a large number of soldiers from the defeated countries. These soldiers were held in Oflag and Stalag camps designed especially for this purpose. Despite being protected by the Geneva Convention (1929), the prisoners of war (POW) in the German camps were not treated in accordance with these laws. This was especially true for soldiers of Slavic origin, as the Germans’ attitude towards them was based on the racist ideology of the Third Reich and a specific “hierarchy of peoples”. The Geneva Convention was arbitrarily interpreted, and Yugoslav and Soviet prisoners of war received poor treatment. Upon their arrival at the camps, despite strict prohibitions by the German camp leadership, soldiers of the Yugoslav and Soviet armies quickly established contact. These contacts were built on cultural, national, linguistic, and ideological ties between representatives of the two peoples. Yugoslav POWs documented the memories of Soviet prisoners and their days in captivity in diaries, notes, letters, and memoirs, which were published after the war. These documents serve as evidence of the relationship between Yugoslav and Soviet prisoners of war and reflect some of the phenomena of life in captivity, such as the presence of shared understanding, provision and smuggling of life necessities such as food, cigarettes, and other aid, as well as joint participation in cultural life and other activities.
Russians in FNRJ 1948-1954: the transformation of emigration into a persecuted minority
Authors:   University of Belgrade, Timofejev Aleksej ,   Institute for Recent History of Serbia, Belgrade
Published: May 2024

This paper examines the evolution of the Russian community in Yugoslavia, which turned into an unrecognized national minority after the end of the Second World War. In terms of Yugoslavia, the group was statistically insignificant. At the level of Vojvodina and Belgrade, its demographic visibility was more significant. There were 20,069 Russians in Yugoslavia in 1948, of which 12,426 still remained in 1953. The “cleansing” of Yugoslavia from Russian emigration during 1948-1953 took place according to an elaborate procedure that was divided into various stages of certain measures: registration and enumeration – centralized dismissal of socially active people – expulsion / arrest due to fabricated reasons or delay in leaving the country. The expulsion was complemented by the looting of property and savings of emigrants who, after three decades, left Yugoslavia in the same poor condition as when they arrived. The most painful experience for them was not the material loss but the disappearance of personal photos, letters and diary entries. Psychological traumas followed the members of many Russian families from Yugoslavia who survived the events of 1948–1953 for the rest of their lives.
Juraj Špiler’s trial in Zrenjanin and the Heller mill building as a silent witness
Authors:   Genocide Victims’ Museum, Belgrade, Marcojević Biljana
Published: May 2024

The focus of the work is Juraj Špiler, a pre-war policeman in the service of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, an associate of the occupiers during wartime, a post-war fugitive, and shortly thereafter a prisoner without any political and civil rights. During the Second World War, numerous crimes were committed all over the territory of the occupied Banat, and there were few in which Juraj Špiler was not involved, at first as an executor and from February 1942 onwards as an orderer in the leading position of the Public Security Command. He obsessively persecuted members of the resistance movement, their helpers and family members, as well as many innocent people who happened to get in his way. For sieges and other police actions throughout the Banat, he gathered his closest associates to form the so-called Strike Group. He often gave permission to have members of this group investigated and tortured, as well as executed, because he considered the “Volksdeutsche” (ethnic Germans) unfit for the role of occupiers and unprepared to perform police duties. He was tried for the crimes committed in Zrenjanin, a town named after Žarko Zrenjanin, who had been killed by Juraj Špiler. On December 2, 1948, Špiler was sentenced to death by hanging.
Formation of the Yugoslav workers’ self-management in Yugoslavia. The 1950s. Boris Kidrič
Authors:   Institute of Slavic Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, Anikeev Anatoly
Published: May 2024

Th e article analyzes the initial stage of the formation of a workers’ self-management concept in the FNRY. The appeal to this concept was caused by the Soviet-Yugoslav conflict of 1948. Th e concept was based on the Marxist theory of the liberation of labour in the process of transition from a capitalist to a socialist formation, as well as on the experience of the Paris Commune. One of the developers of this concept was Boris Kidrič. In December 1949, it was decided to establish workers’ councils on the basis of enterprises, and on June 27, 1950, a law was passed on the transfer of industrial sector enterprises under the management of labour collectives. Th e preparation of these legislative acts was accompanied by a discussion among the country’s leadership about the nature of the functioning of the newly created workers’ self-management bodies.
Politics or sport: who decides on the medals won? Basketball World Championships (1959, 1962, 1978)
Authors:   University of Belgrade, Perišić Jovana
Published: May 2024

In the context of the study of the Cold War, based on Yugoslav archival materials, relevant domestic and foreign literature, as well as examples from the Soviet, Yugoslav and Philippine press, the paper examines the degree by which politics and mutual relations affect international sports and basketball in particular. Various types of state systems supported sports during the 20th century, especially international sports competitions that were perceived as a training ground for the affirmation of a particular nation or a political system. In this respect, sport was used as a suggestive tool, that is, as a diplomatic tool for spreading a political message or for antagonizing rivals. By joining the International Olympic Committee in the first years of the Cold War, the USSR saw a chance and the possibility of breaking through the Iron Curtain, which in the case of basketball threatened the previous American dominance. Basketball depicted all the complexity of Cold War diplomacy, serving as a tool of soft power to spread certain values around the world and to strengthen the image of opposing blocs in an ideological war. Basketball games attracted global attention, reflecting on the field the rivalry and symbolic battle between the superpowers, but also providing space for overcoming geopolitical tensions. Therefore, three very specific World Championships in basketball (Chile 1959, Philippines 1962 and 1978) were analyzed that created political situations which exceeded the limits of sports ethics. All three case studies, each in their own way, will give an answer to what extent sport was shaped by politics, whether it affected the winning of medals or, if so, in what way.
American sanctions against the Soviet Union and construction of the Urengoy – Pomari – Uzhgorod gas pipeline
Authors:   Institute of European Studies, Belgrade, Jovanović Andrija
Published: May 2024

Energy cooperation during the Cold War represented a unique phenomenon in a period of world division into two opposing blocs. Throughout most of the Cold War, there was a significant export of Soviet energy resources, such as oil and gas, to capitalist Western European countries, which had limited reserves of these resources and benefited from the favourable prices offered by the Soviet Union. The main recipients of these exports were Italy, Austria, West Germany, and France. Considering the extensive and long-lasting nature of this cooperation, it can be concluded that it represented a form of integration of the European continent, despite the political and ideological conflict that divided Europe into East and West. The collaboration between Western European countries and the Soviet Union in this area reached its peak in the early 1980s with the signing of the agreement to construct the Urengoy–Pomari–Uzhhorod gas pipeline, which was referred to as the “Deal of the Century.” However, the United States, as the other superpower during the Cold War, particularly during Ronald Reagan’s administration with its strongly anti-Soviet stance, did not remain silent about these developments. The U.S. aimed to undermine this agreement through sanctions, considering it a security threat to American allies. However, Western European states, driven by economic principles and logic, did not participate in American sanctions, rendering them ineffective and soon revoked. Nevertheless, many countries, including Yugoslavia, sought to take advantage of this situation and involve their construction organizations in Soviet energy projects, thereby participating in the process of energy integration on the European continent.
Dissidents in socialist Serbia
Authors:   Institute of Slavic Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nikiforov Konstantin
Published: May 2024

The Serbian dissident movement emerged along with similar movements in other European socialist countries. Dissidents in Serbia and Yugoslavia arose even 10 years earlier, a fact that was associated with the activities of Tito’s former comrade-in-arms, Montenegrin Milovan Djilas. The second most important dissident was the publicist and literary critic of Russian origin, Mikhailo Mihajlov. But at the time, they were still the only ones. As a phenomenon, the dissident movement took shape a little later, drawing into its ranks figures from the artistic and scientific intelligentsia, among them mainly writers and philosophers. This movement was primarily linked to the activities of the famous writer Dobrica Čosić. His name is associated with a turn from predominantly human rights activities to defending the rights of the Serbian people in Yugoslavia. To some extent, this idea was intercepted by Serbian President S. Milošević. Figures of the dissident movement actively participated in the “Serbian perestroika” after the death of Tito. The end of the dissident movement in Serbia is connected to the emergence of a multi-party system.
The visit of Russian Patriarch Pimen to Kosovo in October 1984 in the context of inter-church relations
Authors:   University of Belgrade, Popović Ljubomir
Published: May 2024

The ties between the Serbian Patriarchate and the Moscow Patriarchate have strengthened since the establishment of Patriarch German as the head of the Serbian Orthodox Church. He visited the Russian Church several times, the last time in 1974. The reunion of the two church leaders took place ten years later, although there had been earlier invitations. Church authorities announced the visit in 1984 as a reciprocation and gift . Its realization was favoured by amicable political relations between the USSR and SFRY. The Yugoslav authorities, as well as the Soviet embassy in Belgrade, were interested in the details of the protocol and the schedule of the visit. The programme stipulated that the guest would be visiting and paying homage to Serbian shrines in Kosovo and Metohija, which, like the Serbian population, had been exposed to the pressures of Albanianization for several decades, which had manifested itself in various ways. In diplomatic circles in Belgrade, the visit was understood as a kind of support from the Russian Church and the USSR to the Serbian and Montenegrin population in Kosovo, while the Soviet embassy in Belgrade rejected it, linking the visit to the celebration of the centenary of the arrival of Russian monks from Mount Athos to Serbian monasteries in Kosovo and Metohija. By contrast, Kosovo SAP authorities attributed to the visit a more political than religious character, taking into account the plan of the tour, the decorations that were awarded on that occasion, the interest of the Russian embassy in the visit, the participation in the delegation of representatives of the Russian embassy, etc. The representatives of the organs of the Yugoslav federation and the SR of Serbia, however, put the visit in the context of contributing to the overall development of good relations between Yugoslavia and the Soviet Union, emphasizing the role of the church in the fight for peace and the prevention of the current arms race between the two superpowers, in order to avoid a nuclear catastrophe. During the conversation of the two church leaders, opinions were exchanged on a series of “urgent problems” faced by Orthodoxy, while serving peace was mentioned as one of the main practical tasks of Christianity in general. At the end of the visit, a joint statement was issued, and the Russian patriarch invited the head of the Serbian Orthodox Church to return the visit, which was accepted with pleasure. Patriarch German would visit the Russian Church in September 1986.
“Memoirs” of Vasa Čubrilović as a historical source
Authors:   Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod, Belov Michael
Published: May 2024

The memoirs of the famous Yugoslav historian Vasa Čubrilović (1897–1990), published in 2022, contain unique information about Serbian radical activists from the “generation of 1914”; about some circum-stances of the attempted assassination of the Austro-Hungarian heir to the throne, Franz Ferdinand; about the conditions of imprisonment during the First World War; about university life and relationships among Belgrade professors in the 1920s and 30s; as well as about some features of the party system of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (Yugoslavia) and the activities of the “Serbian Cultural Club” (1937–1941). In addition, Cubrilovic’s “Memoirs” are of undoubted interest as an ego-document – the history of a historian, written by himself.
A Community of Enthusiasts. Historians Latinka Perovich and Andrey Shemyakin
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Kuzmicheva Lyudmila
Published: May 2024

Serbian researcher Latinka Perovich (1933–2022) and Russian historian Andrey Leonidovich Shemyakin (1960–2018) studied Serbian-Russian relations, primarily in the field of ideology. A.L. Shemyakin, a wellknown researcher of the history and functioning of the Radical Party of Serbia, largely shared L. Perovich’s position on the Russian origins of Serbian radicalism. The cooperation between the historians developed in the early 90s of the twentieth century and continued until the death of A.L. Shemyakin in 2018. Historians have worked especially fruitfully in publishing sources on the history of Serbia and Serbian-Russian relations. Scientists were connected by a great personal friendship, as they actively helped each other with their respective scientific work and shared their plans for scientific research with each other. A striking example of their joint eff orts was the publication of the documentary legacy of Nikola Pasic.
Exploring user comfort in automated driving: A qualitative study with younger and older users using the Wizard-Of-Oz method
Authors: Peng Chen , Ozturk Ibrahim , Nordhoff Sina , Madigan Ruth , Hoogendoorn-Lanser Sascha , Hagenzieker Marjan , Merat Natasha
Published: May 2024

As the introduction of automated vehicles (AVs) into road traffic accelerates, establishing user acceptance is increasingly crucial. User comfort, largely influenced by the AVs’ driving styles, is one of the essential factors influencing acceptance. This video submission provides a methodological overview of a qualitative interview study, which used a Wizard-of-Oz method to investigate participants’ comfort levels during automated driving on real roads. By understanding the specific comfort experiences of both older and younger users, we can inform the design process for AVs, thereby enhancing user experience and facilitating broader acceptance of technology across a more diverse and inclusive demographic spectrum.
Moral conviction interacts with metacognitive ability in modulating neural activity during sociopolitical decision-making
Authors: Cao Qiongwen , Cohen Michael Stewart , Bakkour Akram , Leong Yuan Chang , Decety Jean
Published: May 2024

The extent to which a belief is rooted in one’s sense of morality has significant societal implications. While moral convictions can inspire positive collective action, they can also prompt dogmatism, intolerance, and societal divisions. These negative effects may be exacerbated by poor metacognition. There has been extensive research in social psychology about the characteristics of moral convictions, but their neural mechanisms and how they are incorporated into the valuation and decision-making process remain unclear. This study was designed to examine the neural mechanisms of decision-making on sociopolitical issues that vary on moral conviction, as well as how metacognitive abilities relate to these mechanisms. Participants (N = 44) underwent fMRI scanning while deciding on each trial which of two groups of political protesters they supported more. As predicted, stronger moral conviction was related to faster response times. Hemodynamic response in the anterior insula (aINS), anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), and lateral prefrontal cortex (lPFC) were elevated during decisions with higher moral conviction level, supporting both the emotional and cognitive dimensions of moral conviction. Functional connectivity between lPFC and vmPFC was also higher on trials higher in moral conviction, elucidating mechanisms through which moral conviction is incorporated into valuation. Support for protesters was positively associated with brain activity in regions involved in valuation (particularly vmPFC and amygdala). Metacognitive sensitivity, measured in a separate perceptual task, negatively correlated with parametric effects of moral conviction in the brain, providing new evidence that metacognition modulates responses to morally convicted issues.
Social Anxiety, Negative Affect, and Hearing Difficulties in Adults
Authors: McClannahan Katrina Sue , McConkey Sarah , Levitan Julia , Rodebaugh Thomas , Peelle Jonathan E.
Published: May 2024

Subjective ratings of communication function reflect both auditory sensitivity and the situational, social, and emotional consequences of communication difficulties. Listeners interact with people and their environment differently, have various ways of handling stressful situations, and have diverse communication needs. Therefore, understanding the relationship between auditory and mental health factors is crucial for the holistic diagnosis and treatment of communication difficulty, particularly as mental health and communication function may have bidirectional effects. The goal of this study was to evaluate the degree to which social anxiety and negative affect (encompassing generalized anxiety, depression, and anger) contributed to subjective communication function (hearing handicap) in adult listeners. A cross-sectional online survey was administered via REDCap. Primary measures were brief assessments of social anxiety, negative affect and subjective communication function measures. Participants were 628 adults (408 women, 220 men), ages 19 to 87 years (mean = 43) living in the United States. Results indicated that individuals reporting higher social anxiety and higher negative affect also reported poorer communication function. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that both negative affect and social anxiety were significant and unique predictors of subjective communication function. Social anxiety and negative affect both significantly, and uniquely, contribute to how much someone feels a hearing loss impacts their daily communication function. Further examination of social anxiety and negative affect in older adults with hearing loss may help researchers and clinicians understand the complex interactions between mental health and sensory function during everyday communication, in this rapidly growing clinical population.
Methods in Causal Inference Part 2: Interaction, Mediation, and Time-Varying Treatments
Authors: Bulbulia Joseph
Published: May 2024

The analysis of ‘moderation’, ‘interaction’, ‘mediation’, and ‘longitudinal growth’ is widespread in the human sciences, yet subject to confusion. To clarify these concepts, it is essential to state causal estimands, which requires specifying counterfactual contrasts for a target population on an appropriate scale. Once causal estimands are defined, we must consider their identification. I employ causal directed acyclic diagrams (causal DAGs) and Single World Intervention Graphs to elucidate identification workflows. I show that when multiple treatments exist, common methods for statistical inference, such as multi-level regressions and statistical structural equation models, cannot typically recover the causal quantities we seek. By properly framing and addressing causal questions of interaction, mediation, and time-varying treatments, we can expose the limitations of popular methods and guide researchers to a clearer understanding of the phenomena that animate our interests.
Challenges and Opportunities of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in Circular Economy
Authors: Despotovic Miroslav , Glatschke Matthias
Published: May 2024

The inherent "take-make-waste" of the current linear economy is a major contributor to exceeding planetary boundaries. The transition to a circular economy (CE) and the associated challenges and opportunities requires fast, innovative solutions. Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) are poised to play a pivotal role in facilitating this transition by addressing the challenges of increasing material extraction and use, ultimately contributing to a more environmentally sustainable future. This article aims to provide an overview of the current state of AI and ML in the transition to CE and to discuss their potential and associated challenges. A literature survey conducted on Google Scholar, using targeted queries with predefined keywords and search operators, revealed that the number of experimental scientific contributions related to AI and ML in CE has grown significantly in recent years. As the volume of research articles has increased, so has the diversity of ML methods and algorithms featured in experimental CE publications. Furthermore, we found that since 2020, there has been an 84% increase in AI and ML-related research articles on CE in Google Scholar, compared to the total number of such entries, and a 55% increase in articles since 2023, compared to those published up to 2023. The current state of scientific contributions indicates that AI and ML are increasingly recognized as valuable tools for advancing the CE, and their application continues to grow steadily.
Original but not human: Assessment of the philosophical foundations for granting copyright to Artificial Intelligence creations
Authors: Estupinan-Villegas Guillermo
Published: May 2024

This article examines the philosophical principles behind copyright laws and evaluates how they apply to AI-generated content. First, the philosophical justifications of property are revisited, which encompasses intellectual property and copyright as specific forms of property. The second part evaluates how well AI-generated content fits these justifications, making special emphasis on the difficult case of automated AI-generated content. The general conclusion argues in favor of granting copyright for human-driven AI-generated content, while traditional justifications of property are insufficient to deny such rights to automated AI-generated content. A utilitarian approach to intellectual property and copyright provides a better foundation for denying copyright to automated AI works.
Climate Change and Flood Vulnerability Analysis in the Narayani River of Nepal
Authors: Maharjan Kiran , Dangol Susheel
Published: May 2024

Flood disasters annually devastate livelihoods, particularly during the monsoon season, with no apparent reduction in impacts in low-lying regions of developing countries like Nepal. Given the increasing effects of climate change globally, this study aims to assess climate change effects and biophysical vulnerability of riverine communities to floods in the Narayani River of Nepal, elucidating the interrelationship between these phenomena. This paper presents an analysis of trends and extreme events of climatological variables, such as temperature, precipitation, and daily river discharge and hazard mapping and risk assessments in the river stretch of two Village Development Committees (VDCs) in the country’s inner Terai region of Nawalparasi district for different return-period floods, with the aid of the HEC-RAS (Hydrologic Engineering Centre’s River Analysis System) and HEC-GeoRAS. A long-term climatological data was collected from the Department of Hydrology and Meteorology, Kathmandu, and the analysis was performed using statistical softwares, SigmaStat, and SigmaPlot. In addition, flood conditions representing 2, and 100-year periods were determined using Gumbel’s distribution. The study revealed a narrowing temperature range, with increasing minimum temperatures and decreasing maximum temperatures, precipitation, and river discharge. However, there was a notable increase in extreme events. The hazard mapping indicated the people’s vulnerability to inundation and soil erosion along the low-lying riverbanks. The findings underscore the necessity for reliable technological and socio-economic vulnerability mapping to provide early warnings to at-risk populations. This paper argues that unplanned and mismanaged settlements in riverine areas may lead to population displacements, creating environmental refugees.
"تحديد تاثير التعليم الالكتروني وتطبيقاته في الاداء الاكاديمي للجامعات"
Authors: علي عبود قاسم  , أ.د. جومانة يونس
Published: May 2024

ركزت هذة الدراسة على دور التعليم الالكتروني واثره في الاداء الاكاديمي والذي اصبح اليوم الشغل الشاغل في ظل مواجهة اعتى وباء صحي يعصف بالكرة الارضية راح ضحيته مئات الالاف من البشر الا وهو وباء (COVID19). اذ تركز هذة الدراسة حول ماقدمته مدخلات الاداء الاكاديمي لمخرجات التعليم الالكتروني المتمثلة بالبنية التحتية ومهارات استخدام الحاسوب والمحتوى والاستقلالية باستخدام التكنلوجيا الحديثة حيث استخدم الباحث مجموعة من الاداوات والاساليب الاحصائية المتمثلة بتحليل العامل التوكيدي ومعامل الثبات الوسط الحسابي والانحراف المعياري اضافة الى عدة مقاييس اخرى سيرد ذكرها لاحقا بالتفصيل حيث يرى الباحث مجمل الادبيات حول الموضوع مدار بحثنا هذا وشملت العينة احد اهم الجامعات العراقية في بغداد الا وهي الجامعة المستنصرية حيث استعرض الباحث مجموعة من الاستنتاجات للنهوض بالواقع الاكاديمي في ظل التكنلوجيا المتوفرة والمتاحة للطالب والاستاذ وللهيئة الادارية . ان التعليم الالكتروني اختصر المساحات الجغرافية بين الطالب والاستاذ . بروز انزعاج كبير من قبل الطلبة بسبب الانقطاع المستمر للتيار الكهربائي اثناء التعليم الإلكتروني . ان الطلبة على استعداد لتعلم المهارات اللازمة المطلوبة للنجاح في التعليم الإلكترونيكذلك لوحظ ان الهيئة التدريسية في الجمعة المستنصرية تحرص على تحسين أدائها تحسينا مستمراً . وان هناك اهتمام دون المستوى المطلوب من قبل رؤساء الاقسام بالمقترحات التي يقدمها اعضاء الهيئة التدريسية والمتعلقة بجودة الأداء التعليمي. ان تلك التكنلوجيا اذ ما استغلت بالصورة الصحيحة ورسمت الاهداف الاستراتيجية للواقع الجامعي فانها ستحقق ثورة في واقع التعليم الالكتروني وسيوفر فارق الجهد والوقت وستختصر جغرافياً الزمن والمسافة لايصال المنهج العلمي في ظل رقابة معينة توضع كاساس علمي لمتابعة الامر .
تأثير الإدارة الإنتاجية في الالتزام الوظيفي/ دراسة تحليلية لآراء عينة في الإدارة العامة لمحافظة الانبار
Authors: علي أحمد عباس  , أ.م.د.أندريه عازوري
Published: May 2024

نظرا للتطورات المتسارعة والتغيرات المتلاحقة نتيجة زيادة الحاجة إلى المعلومات التي تساعد وتساهم في اتخاذ القرارات ، هدف البحث إلى معرفة مدى درجة الالتزام الوظيفي في الإدارة العامّة لمحافظة الأنبار ، وتحليل طبيعة العلاقة بين إبعاد الإدارة الإنتاجيّة والالتزام الوظيفي . وتوصل البحث إلى أن الإدارة العامة في محافظة الانبار تمارس أبعاد الالتزام الوظيفي إذ تراوحت المتوسطات الحسابية بين (2.7) وبانحراف معياري (0.4) ، كما توصل البحث إلى أن إبعاد الإدارة الإنتاجيّة المتمثلة ( التأثير المثالي ، التحفيز الإلهامي ، الاستشارة الفكرية ، الاعتبار الفردي ) تؤثر بشكل كبير في الالتزام الوظيفي ، إذ تراوحت المتوسطات الحسابية (2.8) وانحراف معياري (0.4) . ويوصي البحث بضرورة تسهيل إتباع سياسات تفويض السلطات لتمكين القيادات الإداريّة وتحفيز الموظفين والاهتمام بتكوين إطارات إداريّة تتخذ من الإدارة الإنتاجيّة منهجاً لممارسة العمل مما يكون له مردود إيجابي في إنجاز العدالة التنظيميّة .
دور وسائل الدفع الالكتروني في توليد الفرص الاقتصادية والتنموية / مقاربات اقليمية وتحديات وطنية لغاية عام (2021)
Authors: احمد مؤيد عبدالله  , أ.د. وفاء جعفر أمين
Published: May 2024

تناول البحث عرضاً مفاهيمياً لتكنولوجيا الدفع الالكتروني ووسائلها ، مع بيان مبررات التحول العالمي نحو هذه التكنولوجيا وتفسيراتها وما تحمله من اهمية تنموية واقتصادية وتحليلها ، ومن ثم عرض الفرص التنموية والاقتصادية الناجمة عن تبني هذه التقنيات كمجتمع ومؤسسات في بعض دول الاقليم العربي التي نجحت في التحول نحو رقمنة قطاع المدفوعات ومقارنتها بالعراق لغاية عام (2021) ، وصولا الى تشخيص التحديات التي تقف امام العراق في عملية التحول الرقمي في وسائل الدفع الالكتروني وتحليلها ، وتوصل البحث الى مجموعة من الاستنتاجات كان اهمها هو ان تواجه السلطات العراقية المعنية بالتحول الرقمي ثمة تحديات قائمة تتمثل بثلاثة اوجه ، تحديات (سيبرانية وفنية وسيكولوجية) ، كما توصل البحث كذلك الى جملة من التوصيات اهمها ، هو ان من اجل ضبط اهم تحدي وطني يواجه هذا التحول وهو امن المعلومات الشخصية ، فالأمر يستدعي قيام وزارة التعليم العالي والبحث العلمي بالتوسع في استحداث اقسام (للأمن السيبراني) في الجامعات ذات الاختصاصات التكنولوجية والهندسية في المحافظات كافة ، والتي ستعمل على تهيئة موارد بشرية وطنية مختصة بهذا المجال .