bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Non-contact electromagnetic control of torsional vibrations of a rigid cylinder
Authors: Atzampou Panagiota , Meijers Peter C. , Tsouvalas Apostolos , Metrikine Andrei V.
Published: September 2024

The successful deployment of offshore wind turbines hinges on the installation process, particularly the temporary suspension of the turbine components during assembly. External factors or imbalances in control forces can induce vibrations, emphasizing the need for precise control, especially in the torsional mode, to ensure the delicate alignment required for bolted connections. This paper introduces a contactless technique to control the torsional vibrations of a rigid cylinder using electromagnetic interaction between two magnets, incorporating magnetically-imposed damping and active control algorithms. The magnetically-imposed dissipation is achieved by introducing nonlinear damping into the system, i.e. by controlling the orientation of the field exerted by the electromagnetic actuator. Leveraging the nonlinear coupling of the interaction between the magnets and the modification of the stable equilibrium position, the results show a satisfactory active control performance (low residual error and swift response). The key parameters for control efficiency are identified as the separation distance between the magnets, the fluctuation step of the actuator’s magnetic field, and the magnetically-induced stiffness relative to the inherent stiffness of the system. Consequently, the proposed method lays a promising foundation for a non-contact control technique, particularly valuable in offshore wind turbine installations.
Is spacetime curved? Assessing the underdetermination of general relativity and teleparallel gravity
Authors: Mulder Ruward , Read James
Published: September 2024

Realism about general relativity (GR) seems to imply realism about spacetime curvature. The existence of the teleparallel equivalent of general relativity (TEGR) calls this into question, for (a) TEGR is set in a torsionful but flat spacetime, and (b) TEGR is empirically equivalent to GR. Knox (Stud Hist Philos Sci Part B Stud Hist Philos Mod Phys 42(4):264–275, 2011) claims that there is no genuine underdetermination between GR and TEGR; we call this verdict into question by isolating and addressing her individual arguments. In addition, we anticipate and evaluate two further worries for realism about the torsionful spacetimes of TEGR, which we call the ‘problem of operationalisability’ and the ‘problem of visualisability’.
Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) detects body resistance increase in dogs undergoing blood donation
Authors: Nisini Noemi , Corda Andrea , Birettoni Francesco , Miglio Arianna , Antognoni Maria Teresa
Published: September 2024

Using raw parameters of bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and derived Phase Angle (PhA) has emerged as an alternative to conventional predictive BIA for body fluid volumes and body composition estimation in human patients, offering an approach independent of predictive equations. Classic predictive equation-based BIA remains unsuitable for veterinary clinical practice due to the high morphological variability within the canine species. This study aimed to validate the feasibility of BIA in dogs and assess its utility in detecting changes in body fluid volumes, particularly in blood donation. Sixty healthy blood donor dogs and ten controls were longitudinally assessed using BIA raw parameters with a portable analyzer at a 50 kHz frequency. Measurements were performed before and after blood donation in donor dogs, whereas in controls, they were carried out at two time points, approximating the timing of a donation. Significant increases in raw bioelectrical parameters were observed after blood donation in the donor group, while differences were not statistically significant in controls. Hematocrit values did not significantly differ between the two time points in both groups. These findings suggest the feasibility of using BIA to detect changes in body fluid volumes in dogs undergoing blood donation, highlighting its potential application in veterinary medicine. Further research should explore the applicability of BIA in spontaneous pathological conditions involving fluid loss or retention and investigate the potential utility of PhA as a prognostic or monitoring tool in veterinary clinical practice. This study provides valuable insights into using BIA in canine medicine, paving the way for enhanced diagnostic and monitoring strategies in clinical practice.
Machine Learning-Based Multifaceted Analysis Framework for Comparing and Selecting Water Quality Indices
Authors: Simian Dana , Șerban Marin-Eusebiu , Bărbulescu Alina
Published: September 2024

Water quality is essential to the population’s well-being, water resources management, and environmental development strategies. In this article, we propose a framework based on machine learning (ML) techniques for enhancing the assessment of water quality based on water quality indices (WQIs). It consists of three algorithms that could serve as a foundation for automating the evaluation of any resource based on indices and can operate locally or globally. Local-level algorithms assist in selecting suitable WQIs tailored to specific water sources and quality requirements, while global-level algorithm evaluates WQI robustness across diverse water sources. We also provide a warning system to mitigate differences in water quality evaluation using WQIs and a valuable tool (based on the features’ importance) for selecting ML models that prioritize the water parameters’ significance. The framework’s design draws upon conclusions from a case study involving the forecast and comparison of two WQIs for the Brahmaputra River. Any other data series, WQIs, and water parameters can be employed.
The Influence of Gentrification on Adverse Birth Outcomes in California
Authors: Gao Xing , Mujahid Mahasin S. , Nuru-Jeter Amani M. , Morello-Frosch Rachel
Published: September 2024

Evidence has documented the effects of place on perinatal outcomes, but less is known about the sociopolitical mechanisms, such as gentrification, that shape neighborhood context and produce spatialized inequities in adverse birth outcomes. Leveraging a diverse sample in California, we assessed the associations between gentrification and birth outcomes: preterm birth, small-for-gestational-age, and low birth weight. Gentrification was measured using the Freeman method and the Displacement and Gentrification Typology. Descriptive analysis assessed outcome prevalence and race and ethnicity distribution by exposure and participant characteristics. Overall and race and ethnicity-stratified mixed effects logistic models examined associations between gentrification and birth outcomes, sequentially adjusting for sociodemographic status and pregnancy factors, with a random intercept to account for clustering by census tract. In a sample of 5,116,131 births, outcome prevalence ranged from 1.0% for very preterm birth, 5.0% for low birth weight, 7.9% for preterm birth, and 9.4% for small-for-gestational-age. Adjusting for individual-level factors, gentrification was associated with increased odds of preterm birth (Freeman OR = 1.09, 95% CI 1.07–1.10; Displacement and Gentrification Typology OR = 1.11, 95% CI 1.09–1.13). While Displacement and Gentrification Typology–measured gentrification was consistently associated with greater odds of adverse outcomes, Freeman-measured gentrification was associated with slightly lower odds of small-for-gestational-age and low birth weight. Furthermore, gentrification was associated with birth outcome odds across multiple racial and ethnic groups, but the directions and magnitudes of the associations varied depending on the gentrification assessment methodology and the outcome assessed. Results demonstrate that gentrification plays a role in shaping adverse birth outcomes in California.
Showcasing the Variety of Biosocial and Evolutionary Approaches in Sociology: Introduction to the Special Issue
Authors: Schnettler Sebastian , Huinink Johannes
Published: September 2024

This introduction to the special issue explores the increasing integration of biosocial and evolutionary approaches within sociology, highlighting the diverse ways in which these perspectives are incorporated into sociological research. In the past, sociology had reservations against or even rejected biological and evolutionary explanations of human behavior and often viewed them with skepticism. However, recent developments have seen a resurgence of interest in these approaches, leading to the emergence of interdisciplinary subfields such as biosociology, evolutionary sociology, neurosociology, and sociogenomics. This introduction provides a historical overview of biological and evolutionary thinking with regard to human behavior and sociality, tracing its roots from Darwinian theory to its contemporary applications within sociology. We discuss the conceptual and methodological differences between these approaches and offer an overview of key contributions that illustrate their relevance to core sociological topics. The articles in this special issue—which we summarize in this introduction—exemplify the variety of work being done at the intersection of sociology and the bio- and evolutionary sciences, from theoretical explorations to empirical studies. By presenting this range of interdisciplinary research, we aim to invite a broader sociological audience to engage with these perspectives, contributing to the development of a more comprehensive understanding of human behavior that sheds the dualism between nature and nurture—long overcome outside of sociology—for a consolidated effort to examine how nature and nurture are intertwined in multiple and complex ways.
Performance assessment of Jatropha seed oil as lubricant during turning of AISI 1525 steel using Taguchi-grey relational analysis methodology
Authors: Kazeem Rasaq Adebayo , Jen Tien-Chien
Published: September 2024

In recent years, industries have chosen high-speed machining to increase efficiency without sacrificing product quality. High-speed machining raises the temperature in the cutting zone, which has a negative impact on the component’s dimensional accuracy, surface quality, and tool performance. To get the greatest outcomes regarding surface quality and tool performance, it is crucial to identify the ideal value for machining parameters and cutting circumstances. In this work, tungsten carbide inserts were used in turning operations on AISI 1525 steel, utilizing Taguchi orthogonal L9 arrays in various cooling conditions by altering the spindle speed, feed rate, and depth of cut. Cutting temperature and surface roughness were simultaneously optimized using Taguchi and grey relational analysis. The ideal parameter setting for multi-responses was discovered, and the findings demonstrated a boost in grey relational analysis. The influence of each process parameter on cutting temperature and surface roughness was also determined using analysis of variance.
Glucagon-Producing Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors (Glucagonomas) are Enriched in Aggressive Neoplasms with ARX and PDX1 Co-expression, DAXX/ATRX Mutations, and ALT (Alternative Lengthening of Telomeres)
Authors: Mattiolo Paola , Bevere Michele , Mafficini Andrea , Verschuur Anna Vera D. , Calicchia Martina , Hackeng Wenzel M. , Simbolo Michele , Paiella Salvatore , Dreijerink Koen M. A. , Landoni Luca , Pedron Serena , Cingarlini Sara , Salvia Roberto , Milella Michele , Lawlor Rita T. , Valk Gerlof D. , Vriens Menno R. , Scarpa Aldo , Brosens Lodewijk A. , Luchini Claudio
Published: September 2024

Glucagonomas are functioning pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PanNETs) responsible for glucagonoma syndrome. This study aims to shed light on the clinicopathological and molecular features of these neoplasms. Six patients with glucagonomas were identified. All neoplasms were investigated with immunohistochemistry for neuroendocrine markers (Synaptophysin, Chromogranin-A), ATRX, DAXX, ARX, and PDX1 transcription factors. Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) for assessing alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT), and next-generation sequencing (NGS) for molecular profiling were performed. All cases were large single masses (mean size of 8.2 cm), with necrolytic migratory erythema as the most common symptom (6/6 cases, 100%). All neoplasms were well-differentiated G1 tumors, except one case that was G2. The tumors consistently showed classic/conventional histomorphology, with solid-trabecular and nested architecture. Lymphatic and vascular invasion (6/6, 100%), perineural infiltration (4/6, 66.6%), and nodal metastasis (4/6, 66.6%) were frequently observed. Transcription factors expression showed strong ARX expression in all tumors, and PDX1 expression in 5/6 cases (83.3%), indicating co-occurring alpha- and beta-cell differentiation. NGS showed recurrent somatic MEN1 and ATRX/DAXX biallelic inactivation. Cases with ATRX or DAXX mutations also showed matched loss of ATRX or DAXX protein expression and ALT. One case harbored somatic MUTYH inactivation and showed a high tumor mutational burden (TMB, 41.0 mut/Mb). During follow-up, one patient died of the disease, and four patients developed distant metastasis. Pancreatic glucagonomas are distinct PanNETs with specific clinicopathological and molecular features, including histological aspects of biological aggressiveness, co-occurring alpha- and beta-cell differentiation, MEN1 and DAXX/ATRX mutations enrichment, and the possible presence of high-TMB as an actionable marker.
Regulator of nonsense transcripts 3B is a prognostic biomarker and associated with immune cell infiltration in lung squamous cell and hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Li Pengcheng , Zhou Mi , Gan Xiaoli , Yuan Chaoyi , Li Ganxun , Jin Guan-nan , Ding Ze-yang
Published: September 2024

Purpose

The characteristic of RENT3B in cancer remains ambiguous. We aimed to study the relationship between RENT3B and immune infiltration in liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) and lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC).

Patients and methods

We investigated the expression levels of RENT3B using ONCOMINE and TIMER databases, and assessed the interrelationship between RENT3B expression and survival using PrognoScan, GEPIA, and Kaplan–Meier plotter. Additionally, we examined the association between RENT3B and immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME), as well as markers of immune cells, using TIMER. Subsequently, we performed prognostic analysis based on the expression level of RENT3B within specific immune cell subgroups. Furthermore, we evaluated the promoter methylation profile of RENT3B between tumor and normal tissues in LIHC and LUSC using the DNMIVD database.

Results

RENT3B exhibited increased levels in both in LIHC and LUSC. High RENT3B expression was associated with unfavorable prognosis in LIHC, whereas it indicated a beneficial prognosis in LUSC. In LIHC, the expression of RENT3B positively correlated with immune infiltration levels of B cells, CD4 + T cells, CD8 + T cells, neutrophils, macrophages, and dendritic cells. However, in LUSC, the expression of RENT3B showed a negative correlation with immune infiltration levels of B cells, CD8 + T cells, neutrophils, macrophages, and dendritic cells. RENT3B exhibited positive correlations with 42 immune markers in LIHC, while it displayed negative associations with 10 immune markers in LUSC. Despite variations in immune cell enrichment and reduction subgroups, high RENT3B expression consistently indicated poor prognosis in LIHC, whereas it remained favorable in LUSC. Additionally, there were no significant differences observed in RENT3B promoter methylation between tumor and normal tissues in both LIHC and LUSC.

Conclusion

RENT3B can affect the overall tumor prognosis and is associated with immune infiltration, especially in LIHC and LUSC. Consequently, RENT3B can become a prognostic biomarker for LIHC and LUSC.
Increased nocturnal urinary cortisol levels in the elderly patients with depression, coexisting major geriatric syndromes and combined pathogenetic mechanisms
Authors: Martocchia Antonio , Stefanelli Manuela , Gallucci Maurizio , Noale Marianna , Maggi Stefania , Cassol Maurizio , Postacchini Demetrio , Proietti Antonella , Barbagallo Mario , Dominguez Ligia J. , Ferri Claudio , Desideri Giovambattista , Toussan Lavinia , Pastore Francesca , Falaschi Giulia M. , Paolisso Giuseppe , Falaschi Paolo ,   The AGICO Investigators, Eleuteri Stefano , Falaschi Giulia Maria , Oddo Maria Grazia , Giuli Cinzia , Macchiati Ilenia , Migale Monica , Sorvillo Francesca , Brunelli Roberto , Francavilla Monia , Santini Silvia , Marini Luciano , Santillo Elpidio , Fallavollita Luca , Rotunno Sara , Barbieri Michelangela , Angellotti Edith , Ludovici Valeria , Cheli Paola , Pinto Rita Del , Dominguez Ligia J , Bella Giovanna , Culotta Valentino
Published: September 2024

Background

The mechanisms at the basis of depression are still matter of debate, but several studies in the literature suggest common pathways with dementia (genetic predispositions, metabolic and inflammatory mechanisms, neuropathological changes) and other geriatric syndromes.

Aims

To evaluate the role of cortisol (as marker of the HPA, hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal axis hyperactivity) in elderly subjects with depressive symptoms (by the means of the AGICO, AGIng and COrtisol, study), in relationship to the presence of the major geriatric syndromes.

Methods

The AGICO study enrolled patients from ten Geriatric Units in Italy. Every subject received a comprehensive geriatric assessment or CGA (including the Mini Mental State Examination or MMSE, Geriatric Depression Scale or GDS and Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia or CSDD), the neurological examination (with a computed tomography scan or magnetic resonance imaging of the brain), the assessment of the metabolic syndrome (MetS), the evaluation of the cortisol activity by two consecutive urine collections (diurnal and nocturnal), a CGA-derived frailty index (FI) and a modified measure of allostatic load (AL).

Results

The MMSE scores were significantly and inversely related to the values of GDS (p < 0.001) and CSDD (p < 0.05), respectively. The patients with depressive symptoms (GDS/CSDD > 8) showed significantly increased disability, MetS, inflammation, FI and AL and significantly reduced MMSE and renal function.

The diurnal and nocturnal urinary cortisol levels in the patients with depressive symptoms (GDS/CSDD > 8) were higher with respects to controls (p < 0.05 for nocturnal difference).

Discussion

The AGICO study showed that the stress response is activated in the patients with depression.

Conclusion

The depression in elderly patient should be reconsidered as a systemic disease, with coexisting major geriatric syndromes (disability, dementia, frailty) and combined pathogenetic mechanisms (metabolic syndrome, impaired renal function, low-grade inflammation, and allostatic load). Cortisol confirmed its role as principal mediator of the aging process in both dementia and metabolic syndrome.
High-Entropy Electrode Materials: Synthesis, Properties and Outlook
Authors: Li Dongxiao , Liu Chang , Tao Shusheng , Cai Jieming , Zhong Biao , Li Jie , Deng Wentao , Hou Hongshuai , Zou Guoqiang , Ji Xiaobo
Published: September 2024

High-entropy materials represent a new category of high-performance materials, first proposed in 2004 and extensively investigated by researchers over the past two decades. The definition of high-entropy materials has continuously evolved. In the last ten years, the discovery of an increasing number of high-entropy materials has led to significant advancements in their utilization in energy storage, electrocatalysis, and related domains, accompanied by a rise in techniques for fabricating high-entropy electrode materials. Recently, the research emphasis has shifted from solely improving the performance of high-entropy materials toward exploring their reaction mechanisms and adopting cleaner preparation approaches. However, the current definition of high-entropy materials remains relatively vague, and the preparation method of high-entropy materials is based on the preparation method of single metal/low- or medium-entropy materials. It should be noted that not all methods applicable to single metal/low- or medium-entropy materials can be directly applied to high-entropy materials. In this review, the definition and development of high-entropy materials are briefly reviewed. Subsequently, the classification of high-entropy electrode materials is presented, followed by a discussion of their applications in energy storage and catalysis from the perspective of synthesis methods. Finally, an evaluation of the advantages and disadvantages of various synthesis methods in the production process of different high-entropy materials is provided, along with a proposal for potential future development directions for high-entropy materials.
Insights from a 19-year field study: optimizing long-term nutrient supply strategies for enhanced crop productivity and nutritional security in rice–wheat systems
Authors: Meena Sunita K. , Dwivedi Brahma S. , Meena Mahesh C. , Datta Siba P. , Singh Vinod K. , Mishra Rajendra P. , Chakraborty Debashish , Singh Renu , Dey Abir , Hasanain Mohammad , Meena Vijay Singh
Published: September 2024

What nutrient supply options can ensure maximum productivity and optimize the nutrient uptake of rice–wheat system (R-W system)? an experiment started in the year 1998 (19-year-old) to examine the impact of optimal nutrient supply (NS) strategies to maximize crop productivity and nutritional security in R-W system. To determine the best nutrient management strategies (BNMS), seven different NS methods were tested. These included (organic and mineral fertilizers), as well as combinations such as integrated plant nutrition system (IPNS), IPNS + B (berseem), and IPNS + C (cowpea), with the aim of enhancing the productivity and nutrient absorption of R-W system. Results showed that rice grain yield notably wide-ranging from 1.61 to 5.81 t ha−1 under different NS options and highest rice grain yield (mean of 19 years) was observed at IPNS + C (5.81 t ha−1), which was at par with IPNS (5.79 t ha−1), STCR (soil test crop response) (5.76 t ha−1) and IPNS + B (5.67 t ha−1) followed by 100% recommended dose fertilizer NPK (4.41 t ha−1), which equality with OF (organic farming) (4.04 t ha−1) and lowest was recorded in control plot (1.61 t ha−1). Wheat grain yield varied significantly from 1.43 to 5.86 t ha−1 under different NS options. The highest yield (mean of 19 years) was observed in treatments IPNS + B (5.86 t ha−1), IPNS (5.77 t ha−1), IPNS + C (5.48 t ha−1), and STCR (5.45 t ha−1), followed by OF at 4.49 t ha−1, NPK at 3.76 t ha−1, with the lowest in the control plot at 1.43 t ha−1. Additionally, total phosphorus and sulfur accumulation in rice (grain: 8.41 to 39.09 kg ha−1; straw: 6.02 to 23.54 kg ha−1) varied significantly across nutrient supply treatments. Overall, adoption of IPNS integration with legumes (IPNS + B and IPNS + C), can significantly improve productivity and nutrient accumulation in R-W systems. Incorporating legumes into farming practices is advised for sustained productivity and nutritional benefits.
The potential contribution of Canarium schweinfurthii Engl. fruit pulp in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Tabula Arthur , Bamuwamye Michael , Nakyinsige Khadijah
Published: September 2024

Diet is the main modifiable risk factor underlying the progression of Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The African olive (Canarium schweinfurthii Engl.) of the family Burseraceae and genus Canarium is a source of food and medicine. This review summarized information on the nutritional and chemical composition of the Canarium schweinfurthii Engl. fruit pulp and explored its potential application in the management of T2DM. The literature search covered scientific databases comprising of Science Direct, Springer, Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute, Science Hub and Google Scholar, from April 2023 up to January 2024. The following keywords were used: “Canarium schweinfurthii Engl.”, “Canarium schweinfurthii Engl. fruit pulp”, “Canarium schweinfurthii Engl. nutrition value, chemical composition and bioactive compounds”, “Canarium schweinfurthii Engl. against T2DM”, and “Nutritional requirements for T2DM”. This review evaluates the current state of research of global literature from 1992 to 2022 (n = 450) on Canarium schweinfurthii Engl. and T2DM. Data and information from literature (n = 115) was included in the review. The results of different studies showed that Canarium schweinfurthii Engl. fruit was composed of a wide range of nutritional and chemical components such as minerals, amino acids, fatty acids and vitamins. In addition, the fruit contains bioactive compounds reported to be effective against T2DM. Canarium schweinfurthii Engl. contains phytochemicals such as saponins, phenolics, alkaloids and flavonoids that have positive effects on cardio-metabolic health. Although the T2DM therapeutic effects of Canarium schweinfurthii bark stem extracts and fruit pulp oil have been reported, the therapeutic potential of the whole fruit pulp is yet to be reported.

Graphical Abstract
Essential Epidemiology
Authors: Webb Penelope , Bain Chris , Page Andrew
Published: September 2024

Epidemiology is fundamental to public health, providing the tools required to detect and quantify health problems and identify and evaluate solutions. Essential Epidemiology is a clear, engaging and methodological introduction to the subject. Now in its fifth edition, the text has been thoroughly updated. Its trademark clear and consistent pedagogical structure makes challenging topics accessible, while the local and international examples, including from the COVID-19 pandemic, encourage students to apply theory to real-world cases. Statistical analysis is explained simply, with more challenging concepts presented in optional advanced boxes. Each chapter includes information boxes, margin notes highlighting supplementary facts and question prompts to enhance learners' understanding. The end-of-chapter questions and accompanying guided solutions promote the consolidation of knowledge. Written by leading Australian academics and researchers, Essential Epidemiology remains a fundamental resource and reference text for students and public health practitioners alike.
The multiple nature of CC Com: One of the ultra-short orbital period late-type contact binary systems
Authors: Koçak Dolunay
Published: September 2024

The study of very short-period contact binaries provides an important laboratory in which the most important and problematic astrophysical processes of stellar evolution take place. Short-period contact systems, such as CC Com, are particularly important for binary evolution. Close binary systems, especially those with multiple system members, have significant period variations, angular momentum loss mechanisms predominance, and pre-merger stellar evolution, making them valuable astrophysical laboratories. In this study, observations of CC Com, previously reported as a binary system, and new observations from the TÜBİTAK National Observatory (TUG) and the space-based telescope TESS have revealed that there is a third object with a period of about eight years and a fourth object with a period of about a century orbiting the binary system. From simultaneous analysis of all available light curves and radial velocities, the sensitive orbital and physical parameters of the system components are derived. The orbital parameters of the components are P

$_\mathrm{A}=0.2206868 \pm 0.0000002$

days, P

$_\mathrm{B}=7.9\pm0.1$

yr, P

$_\mathrm{C}=98\pm5$

yr,

$e_3$

= 0.06,

$e_4$

= 0.44 and the physical parameters as M

$_\mathrm{A1}=0.712\pm0.009$

M

$_{\odot}$

, M

$_\mathrm{ A2}=0.372\pm0.005$

M

$_{\odot}$

,

$m_{B;i^{\prime}=90^\circ}=0.074$

M

$_{\odot}$

,

$m_{C;i^{\prime}=90^\circ}=0.18$

M

$_{\odot}$

, R

$_\mathrm{A1}=0.693\pm0.006$

R

$_{\odot}$

, R

$_\mathrm{A2}=0.514\pm0.005$

R

$_{\odot}$

, L

$_\mathrm{A1}$

= 0.103 L

$_\odot$

, L

$_\mathrm{A2}$

= 0.081 L

$_\odot$

. Finally, the evolutionary status of the multiple system CC Com and its component stars is discussed.
Who Hosts? The Correlates of Hosting the Internally Displaced
Authors: PEISAKHIN LEONID , STOOP NIK , VAN DER WINDT PETER
Published: September 2024

Tens of millions of individuals are displaced due to violence, and most are hosted by other households in their home countries. We ask what motivates people to host the forcibly displaced. We are interested in whether empathy increases the willingness to host but also consider alternative explanations. To explore the correlates of hosting we collected survey data from 1,504 households in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, fielded in-depth interviews, and implemented an experiment. We employ a novel strategy to measure hosting behavior, where household characteristics are measured prior to the arrival of displaced persons. We find that households with higher empathy are more likely to host in the 10-month period following the survey. There is no evidence that ethnicity, religiosity, or wealth affect hosting behavior. Results from the experiment suggest that it is difficult to increase hosting propensity in the longer term (4+ months) through simple interventions.
Justice Beyond Rights: Haqq and Global South Migration
Authors: IQTIDAR HUMEIRA
Published: September 2024

How might the ideas and practices of Global South migrants and activists inform normative frameworks and conceptual repertoires that political theorists and activists bring to bear on questions regarding justice and migration? Taking seriously the call for conceptual innovation to move beyond Eurocentrism this article builds on oral histories collected from refugees and migrants from the Tribal Areas of Pakistan to argue that the concept of haqq raises important questions about the reliance on statist justice in contemporary theorizing about migration ethics and provides insights into alternative ethical concerns. Ideas and practices of haqq foreground social relationships as well as the imbrication of responsibility and entitlement for communities and individuals. Crucially, engagement with haqq helps dislodge assumptions regarding state-enforced rights as universal vehicles of justice. Consequently, different ethical questions and imaginaries become available for consideration that resonate much beyond debates about migration.
Functional analysis of AgJHAMT gene related to developmental period in Aphis gossypii Glover
Authors: Zhang Lianjun , Li Yuan , Xu Xinhui , Feng Mengmeng , Turak Rukiya , Liu Xiaoning , Pan Hongsheng
Published: September 2024

Aphis gossypii is one of the most economically important agricultural pests that cause serious crop losses worldwide, and the indiscriminate chemical application causes resistance development in A. gossypii, a major obstacle to successful control. In this study, we selected the up-regulated expression gene AgJHAMT, which was enriched into juvenile hormone pathway though transcriptome sequencing analysis of the cotton aphids that fed on transgenic cotton lines expressing dsAgCYP6CY3 (the TG cotton). The AgJHAMT gene was overexpressed in cotton aphids which fed on the TG cotton, and its expression profile during the nymphs was clarified. Then, silencing AgJHAMT could advance the developmental period of cotton aphids by 0.5 days compared with control groups. The T and t values of cotton aphids in the dsJHAMT treatment group (6.88 ± 0.15, 1.65 ± 0.06) were significantly shorter than that of the sprayed H2O control group (7.6 ± 0.14, 1.97 ± 0.09) (P < 0.05), respectively. The fast growth caused by AgJHAMT silencing was rescued by applying the JH analogue, methoprene. Overall, these findings clarified the function of AgJHAMT in the developmental period of A. gossypii. This study contributes to further clarify the molecular mechanisms of delaying the growth and development of cotton aphids by the transgenic cotton lines expressing dsAgCYP6CY3.
Cana
Authors: McNabb Vincent
Published: September 2024

And the third day there was a marriage in Gana of Galilee … But Thou hast kept the good wine until now … (John2, 1).
The Mind of Christ
Authors: Albert S. M.
Published: September 2024

Good exercise for Lent would be the study and sharing in the mind of Christ Jesus as it was immediately before and during his Passion.
Prayer, Silence, Peace
Authors: Jarrett Bede
Published: September 2024

One of the curious things that you may sometimes hear nuns say is, I have no time for prayer', a curious thing for anyone to say. One would suppose that prayer were an exercise like eating, over and done with; as though prayer were an act that began and ended at a certain time. You hear too: ‘I didn't say my prayers this morning'. ‘No prayers?’ ‘Oh, yes, but not all. Curious, isn't it? I look on prayer as a duty to be portioned off. How can I say I haven't time for prayer? Haven't time to raise my mind and heart to God? They mean they haven't time to sit and do nothing else but pray. We have always got time for prayer. Constant prayer is the idea of the New Testament, Christ's teaching. Anything is prayer, prayer is anything. It is not an individual thing, it can speak all languages, it is us varied as our life. Prayer is natural to the soul. That we have no time for that is incredible, impossible.
The Easter Virtues
Authors: de Sales Francis
Published: September 2024

On the Tuesday in Easter week, April 12th, 1594, St Francis de Sales preached a short but very beautiful homily on the theological virtues. He draws from the appearance of our Lord related in the Gospel of the day a charming description of the virtues of jaith, hope and charity, and shows how fittingly each one is connected with the risen Christ.

Our authority for dating this sermon is the edition of 1643, which the recent Annecy Edition preserves. The 1643 edition was the first to give it as being preached on Easter Tuesday; it has no title in the edition of 1641. Certain analogies of style between the following sermon and those of the first period of the Saint's life justify this attribution.
A Medieval Dominican Maritime Missionary
Authors: Anson Peter F.
Published: September 2024

Thanks’ to the preservation of an exceptionally detailed and graphic journal, kept by a certain German Dominican for the entertainment and edification of his brethren, it is possible to form a clear idea of what seafaring conditions were like on the Mediterranean towards the close of the fifteenth century. What is more, we learn that the spiritual welfare of both passengers and crews was not neglected, at least in ships carrying pilgrims to the Holy Land.

Brother Felix Fabri was a member of the community of the Dominican Priory at Ulm. In 1480 he managed to obtain permission from the Master General of the Friars Preachers to make a pilgrimage to Palestine. Four years later he repeated this journey. His travel diaries are remarkable for their wealth of topographical detail, but even more for the subtle humour that creeps in on every page.
The incubation for urethral gonorrhoea among men who have sex with men with and without oropharyngeal gonorrhoea
Authors: Tran Julien , Fairley Christopher K. , Ong Jason J. , Phillips Tiffany R. , Aung Ei T. , Chow Eric P. F.
Published: September 2024

We hypothesized that the incubation for urethral gonorrhoea would be longer for men with oropharyngeal gonorrhoea than those without oropharyngeal gonorrhoea. We conducted a chart review of men who have sex with men with urethral gonorrhoea symptoms at a sexual health clinic between 2019 and 2021. The incubation period was defined as the number of days between men’s last sexual contact and onset of symptoms. We used a Mann–Whitney U test to compare differences in the median incubation for urethral gonorrhoea between men with and men without oropharyngeal gonorrhoea. There were 338 men with urethral symptoms (median age = 32 years; IQR: 28–39), and of these, 307 (90.1%) were tested for oropharyngeal gonorrhoea, of whom 124 (40.4%, 95% CI: 34.9–46.1) men had oropharyngeal and urethral gonorrhoea. We analyzed incubation data available for 190 (61.9%) of the 307 men, with 38.9% (74/190) testing positive for oropharyngeal gonorrhoea. The incubation for urethral gonorrhoea did not differ between 74 men (39%) with oropharyngeal gonorrhoea (median = 4 days; IQR: 2–6) and 116 men (61%) without oropharyngeal gonorrhoea (median = 2.5 days; IQR: 1–5) (p = 0.092). Research is needed to investigate gonorrhoea transmission from the oropharynx to the urethra.
Resolving trauma: The unique contribution of trauma-specific mentalization to maternal insightfulness
Authors: Berthelot Nicolas , Garon-Bissonnette Julia , Muzik Maria , Simon Valerie , Menke Rena , Stacks Ann Michele , Rosenblum Katherine Lisa
Published: September 2024

Resolving trauma may contribute to mental health and parenting in mother with histories of childhood maltreatment. The concept of trauma-specific reflective functioning (T-RF) was developed to assess the complexity of thought processes regarding trauma. The study aimed to validate the T-RF scale applied to the Trauma Meaning-Making Interview by examining its psychometric properties, associations with measures of trauma-processing strategies, maternal reflective functioning and mental health (depression and post-traumatic stress disorder [PTSD]), as well as evaluating whether T-RF offered a unique contribution to maternal insightfulness. Good construct validity of the T-RF scale was confirmed in a sample of 112 mothers with histories of childhood maltreatment using an independent coding system of trauma-processing. Better mentalization of trauma was prospectively associated with higher parental reflective functioning and mothers with high T-RF were much more likely to be insightful regarding the child’s mental states than non-reflective mothers and mothers with limited T-RF. The association between T-RF and insightfulness was observed even when controlling for maternal reflective functioning, trauma-processing strategies, maternal education and sociodemographic risk. T-RF was associated neither with depression, PTSD nor the characteristics of trauma. Findings suggest that mentalizing trauma would be an important protective factor in the intergenerational trajectories of trauma.
Emergent veno-arterial extra-corporeal membrane oxygenator support for refractory acute myocarditis in paediatric patients
Authors: Maldi Mimoza , Olivieri Guido M. , Ghiselli Simone , Busti Andrea , Marianeschi Stefano M.
Published: September 2024

Acute myocarditis leading to severe heart failure in paediatric patients is an uncommon but potentially life-threatening condition. The prompt implant of mechanical circulatory devices such as veno-arterial extra-corporeal membrane oxygenation remains the best treatment option to restore an adequate perfusion and improve patient survival in case of refractory cardiogenic shock cases. While few reports describe the in-hospital course of this dramatic disease, with an in-hospital mortality under veno-arterial extra-corporeal membrane oxygenation support around 30%, our study aims to analyse both short- and long-term outcomes after extra-corporeal membrane oxygenation implant.
Predicting Latin stories: an investigation of contextual clues
Authors: Mordue Matthew
Published: September 2024

This article offers small-scale research findings on the impact of narrative contextual clues as a form of scaffolding in Year 9 Latin lessons. The students of this research learned Latin via the Cambridge Latin Course (CLC) (CSCP, 1998), which provides teachers and students with meaningful Latin in the form of interconnected stories (Hunt, 2016, 88). As Nuttall has argued, teaching students to read interconnected sentences and appreciate a text's meaning and overall message is what separates the act of reading from parsing vocabulary and grammatical structures (Nuttall, 1996, 2–3). Therefore, while the stories of the CLC can be read as isolated entities, the act of reading requires students to consider the overarching narratives of the stories. Furthermore, as students become confident in their Latin proficiency, it is possible to predict what is going to happen in a story just by thinking about what occurred in the previous line. For example, the first CLC story famously opens with the line Caecilius est in tablino (Caecilius is in the study). We can therefore predict that the story could take place in a Roman house and feature different rooms. Of course, this is exactly what happens in the story. This article focuses on the value of contextual clues in guiding students' predictions and promoting them to read rather than merely parse sentences. Ultimately, I argue that contextual clues, which can easily be overlooked as a form of scaffolding, serve as an invaluable aid for students when reading whole pages of Latin.
The Effects of Choice and Autonomy-Supportive Language in Health Messages Aimed at Cancer Prevention
Authors: Solovei Adriana , Daal Germund , Smit Eline Suzanne
Published: September 2024

Abstract: Background: Choice and autonomy-supportive language are message features expected to increase the effectiveness of online health communication. However, the evidence regarding their persuasiveness is mixed. Aims: This study explores the effects of choice and autonomy-supportive language in an online message aimed at cancer prevention through increasing physical activity. Also, the moderating role of the need for autonomy and the mediating effects of reactance and autonomous motivation are assessed. Method: In a two (autonomy-supportive language: present or absent) by two (choice: present or absent) experiment, 218 participants were randomly assigned to an online health message. Results: Results revealed no effects of choice, however, autonomy-supportive language had a negative effect on the intention to increase physical activity. Additionally, a smaller indirect effect of autonomy-supportive language on intention via cognitive reactance, autonomous motivation, and attitude was found. The strength of this indirect effect was influenced by the need for autonomy: when individuals with a higher (vs. lower) need for autonomy were exposed to autonomy-supportive language, this led to a stronger decrease of cognitive reactance. Limitations: Limitations of the experiment include the cross-sectional, rather than longitudinal nature of the data and the lack of behavioral measurements, with behavioral intention used as outcome variable. Conclusion: To conclude, autonomy-supportive language may result in unwanted persuasive outcomes, such as a lower intention to increase physical activity. Yet, for individuals with a higher need for autonomy, autonomy-supportive language can reduce cognitive reactance.
Effect of Dust Morphology on Aerosol Optics in the GEOS‐Chem Chemical Transport Model, on UV‐Vis Trace Gas Retrievals, and on Surface Area Available for Reactive Uptake
Authors: Singh Inderjeet , Martin Randall V. , Bindle Liam , Chatterjee Deepangsu , Li Chi , Oxford Christopher , Xu Xiaoguang , Wang Jun
Published: September 2024

Many chemical transport models treat mineral dust as spherical. Solar backscatter retrievals of trace gases (e.g., OMI and TROPOMI) implicitly treat mineral dust as spherical. The impact of the morphology of mineral dust particles is studied to assess its implications for global chemical transport model (GEOS‐Chem) simulations and solar backscatter trace gas retrievals at ultraviolet and visible (UV‐Vis) wavelengths. We investigate how the morphology of mineral dust particles affects the simulated dust aerosol optical depth; surface area, reaction, and diffusion parameters for heterogeneous chemistry; phase function, and scattering weights for air mass factor (AMF) calculations used in solar backscatter retrievals. We use a mixture of various aspect ratios of spheroids to model the dust optical properties and a combination of shape and porosity to model the surface area, reaction, and diffusion parameters. We find that assuming spherical particles can introduce size‐dependent and wavelength‐dependent errors of up to 14% in simulated dust extinction efficiency with corresponding error in simulated dust optical depth typically within 5%. We find that use of spheroids rather than spheres increases forward scattered radiance and decreases backward scattering that in turn decrease the sensitivity of solar backscatter retrievals of NO2 to aerosols by factors of 2.0–2.5. We develop and apply a theoretical framework based on porosity and surface fractal dimension with corresponding increase in the reactive uptake coefficient driven by increased surface area and species reactivity. Differences are large enough to warrant consideration of dust non‐sphericity for chemical transport models and UV‐Vis trace gas retrievals.
Aurorally Driven Supersonic Gravity Waves in Saturn's Atmosphere
Authors: Iñurrigarro Peio , Medvedev Alexander S. , Müller‐Wodarg Ingo C. F. , Moore Luke
Published: September 2024

Simulations with the Saturn Thermosphere‐Ionosphere General Circulation Model have revealed global‐scale gravity waves in Saturn's upper atmosphere that have not been observed or predicted before. They are forced by diurnally varying zonally non‐uniform distributions of Joule heating and ion drag at the high‐latitude auroral regions in both hemispheres and propagate outward from the source region. The supersonic zonal phase speed imposed by Saturn's rotation and the subsonic meridional phase velocity of about 800 m form a distinct spiral wave structure. They exhibit features of gravity waves: vertical phase progression opposite to the propagation of wave energy and long vertical wavelengths consistent with the dispersion relation for gravity waves. The amplitudes of the perturbations grow with height, reaching 6%–10% for relative temperature variations and up to 350 m for the meridional velocity perturbations. The main effect of these waves is to accelerate the retrograde westerly jets.
Planted Forests Greened 7% Slower Than Natural Forests in Southern China Over the Past Forty Years
Authors: Fan Zenghui , Sun Jia , Tagesson Torbern , Wang Lunche , Xu Shu , Tan Weifu , Tian Feng , Ye Wentao , Tan Qin , Wang Shaoqiang , Ahlström Anders
Published: September 2024

Forests have seen a strong greening trend worldwide, and previous studies have attributed this mainly to land‐use conversions such as afforestation. However, for the greening of existing forests, the role of human interventions is unclear. Here we paired neighboring natural and planted forests in Southern China to minimize the differences between the forest types and analyzed the vegetation index EVI2 from Landsat over 1987 to 2021. The EVI2 trends observed in natural forests can be seen as mainly responses to large‐scale environmental changes, whereas the difference between the forest types represents the impact caused by human interventions. We found that though the mean EVI2 of planted forests was comparable to that of natural forests, the greening trends were overall 7.0% lower in planted forests. Our results suggest that human interventions associated with planted forests did not accelerate their greening, indicating the necessity for refined policies to enhance future forest greening.