bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of Eimeria spp in buffaloes in Mosul city
Authors: AL-Lahaibi Baydaa , Mohammed Nadia , AL-Neema Mostafa
Published: July 2021

The present study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of Eimeria sp . In buffalo from different regions of Mosul city included (Al-Kabat, Al-Shalalate, Badosh, Al-Rahmania) ,150 Fecal samples was examined form 2019-2020. The total infection rate was (38%) , five species were diagnosed; they are E.bovis 32%, E.subspherical 22.7% , E.zuerni 18.7% , E. ellipsoidalis 16.7% , E. auburnensis 6.7% . the study showed the higher infection rate by Eimeria bovis , The mixed infection with more than two species of Eimeria represented the highest rates and it was reported in 49.1%.The infection rate in the young animals(1-2 years) was higher (89.3) comparing to the rate in the a dult , according to the sex there is no significant difference between the male 33.3% and female 41.1% . histopathological examination characterized by emergence of different stages of parasite in the epithelium of intestinal, construction of intestinal gland cavities , severe hyperplasia of epithelial cell and presence of oedema between muscle fibers with infiltration with inflammatory cell .
Efecto de las temperaturas y tiempos de tueste en la composición química del café
Authors: Osorio Valentina , Pabón Jenny , Gallego Claudia Patricia , Echeverri Luz Fanny
Published: July 2021

En el proceso de tostación, el café es sometido a diferentes temperaturas y tiempos donde se producen diversos cambios químicos fundamentales en la constitución de los componentes responsables del aroma y el sabor característico del café. En esta investigación se evaluó el efecto de la interacción temperatura y tiempo de tueste en la calidad de seis variedades de Coffea arabica mejoradas. Se generaron cinco curvas de tueste, la curva base tuvo una temperatura inicial de 200°C, dos curvas con incrementos de temperatura a 215 y 230°C, y dos curvas con disminución de la temperatura a 185 y 170°C. Los tiempos finales de tueste se encontraron entre 8 y 12 minutos, definidos por el color del grano tostado 55-65 en la escala AGTRON/SCA. Empleando técnicas analíticas como la espectrofotometría de ultravioleta visible UV-VIS, cromatografía líquida de alta resolución – HPLC y cromatografía de gases CG, se determinó la composición química del café: lípidos, ácidos grasos, ácidos carboxílicos alifáticos, alcaloides, ácidos clorogénicos totales y azúcares. La interacción del tiempo de tueste y la variedad tuvo efecto en los lípidos, los ácidos acético, quínico, málico y cítrico, para los ácidos grasos oleico, palmítico y para la cafeína y trigonelina. Los ácidos clorogénicos totales no mostraron efecto de los tratamientos y se obtuvieron valores promedio entre 1,54% a 1,69%.
Limits on Millimeter Continuum Emission from Circumplanetary Material in the DSHARP Disks
Authors: Andrews Sean M. , Elder William , Zhang Shangjia , Huang Jane , Benisty Myriam , Kurtovic Nicolás T. , Wilner David J. , Zhu Zhaohuan , Carpenter John M. , Pérez Laura M. , Teague Richard , Isella Andrea , Ricci Luca
Published: July 2021

We present a detailed analysis for a subset of the high-resolution (∼35 mas, or 5 au) ALMA observations from the Disk Substructures at High Angular Resolution Project (DSHARP) to search for faint 1.3 mm continuum emission associated with dusty circumplanetary material located within the narrow annuli of depleted emission (gaps) in circumstellar disks. This search used the Jennings et al. frank modeling methodology to mitigate contamination from the local disk emission and then deployed a suite of injection–recovery experiments to statistically characterize point-like circumplanetary disks in residual images. While there are a few putative candidates in this sample, they have only marginal local signal-to-noise ratios and would require deeper measurements to confirm. Associating a 50% recovery fraction with an upper limit, we find that these data are sensitive to circumplanetary disks with flux densities ≳50–70 μJy in most cases. There are a few examples where those limits are inflated (≳110 μJy) owing to lingering nonaxisymmetric structures in their host circumstellar disks, most notably for a newly identified faint spiral in the HD 143006 disk. For standard assumptions, this analysis suggests that these data should be sensitive to circumplanetary disks with dust masses

≳
0.001
–
0.2

M

⊕

. While those bounds are comparable to some theoretical expectations for young giant planets, we discuss how plausible system properties (e.g., relatively low host planet masses or the efficient radial drift of solids) could require much deeper observations to achieve robust detections.
General Exact Law of Compressible Isentropic Magnetohydrodynamic Flows: Theory and Spacecraft Observations in the Solar Wind
Authors: Simon P. , Sahraoui F.
Published: July 2021

Various forms of exact laws governing magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence have been derived either in the incompressibility limit, or for isothermal compressible flows. Here we propose a more general method that allows us to obtain such laws for any turbulent isentropic flow (i.e., constant entropy). We demonstrate that the known MHD exact laws (incompressible and isothermal) and the new (polytropic) one can be obtained as specific cases of the general law when the corresponding closure equation is stated. We also recover all known exact laws of hydrodynamic (HD) turbulence (incompressible, isothermal, and polytropic) from this law in the limit
B
= 0. We furthermore show that the difference between the two forms (isothermal and polytropic) of the MHD exact laws of interest in this work resides in some of the source terms and in the explicit form of the flux term that depends on internal energy. Finally, we apply these two forms to Parker Solar Probe data taken in the inner heliosphere to highlight how the different closure equations affect the energy cascade rate estimates.
NOEMA Redshift Measurements of Extremely Bright Submillimeter Galaxies near the GOODS-N
Authors: Jones Logan H. , Rosenthal Michael J. , Barger Amy J. , Cowie Lennox L.
Published: July 2021

We report spectroscopic redshift measurements for three bright submillimeter galaxies (SMGs) near the GOODS-N field, each with SCUBA-2 850 μm fluxes >10 mJy, using the Northern Extended Millimeter Array (NOEMA). Our molecular line-scan observations of these sources, which occupy an ∼7 arcmin2 area outside of the Hubble Space Telescope coverage of the field, reveal that two lie at z ∼ 3.14. In the remaining object, we detect line emission consistent with CO(7–6), [C i], and H2O at z = 4.42. The far-infrared spectral energy distributions of these galaxies, constrained by SCUBA-2, NOEMA, and Herschel/SPIRE, indicate instantaneous star formation rates ∼4000 M
⊙ yr−1 in the z = 4.42 galaxy and ∼2500 M
⊙ yr−1 in the two z ∼ 3.14 galaxies. Based on the sources’ CO line luminosities, we estimate M
gas ∼ 1011
M
⊙ and find gas depletion timescales of τ
depl ∼ 50 Myr, consistent with findings in other high-redshift SMGs. Finally, we show that the two z ∼ 3.14 sources, which alone occupy a volume ∼10 Mpc3, very likely mark the location of a protocluster of bright SMGs and less-dusty optical sources.
The Core Mass Function across Galactic Environments. III. Massive Protoclusters
Authors: O’Neill Theo J. , Cosentino Giuliana , Tan Jonathan C. , Cheng Yu , Liu Mengyao
Published: July 2021

The stellar initial mass function (IMF) is fundamental for many areas of astrophysics, but its origin remains poorly understood. It may be inherited from the core mass function (CMF) or arise as a result of more chaotic, competitive accretion. Dense, gravitationally bound cores are seen in molecular clouds and some observations have suggested that the CMF is similar in shape to the IMF, though translated to higher masses by a factor of ∼3. Here we measure the CMF in 28 dense clumps within 3.5 kpc that are likely to be central regions of massive protoclusters, observed via 1.3 mm dust continuum emission by the ALMAGAL project. We identify 222 cores using the dendrogram algorithm with masses ranging from 0.04 to 252 M
⊙. We apply completeness corrections for flux and number recovery, estimated from core insertion and recovery experiments. At higher masses, the final derived CMF is well described by a single power law of the form

dN

/

d

log

M
∝

M

−
α

with α ≃ 0.94 ± 0.08. However, we find evidence of a break in this power-law behavior between ∼5 and 15 M
⊙, which is, to our knowledge, the first time such a break has been found in distant (≳1 kpc) regions by the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array. We compare this massive protocluster CMF with those derived using the same methods in the G286 protocluster and a sample of infrared dark clouds. The massive protocluster CMF is significantly different, i.e., containing more massive cores, which is a potential indication of the role of environment on the CMF and IMF.
Science and engineering practices in the content of Greek middle school physics textbooks about forces and motion
Authors: Papakonstantinou Margarita , Skoumios Michael
Published: July 2021

It has been argued that students’ understanding of science ideas and concepts is based on their engagement in science and engineering practices. However, research studying science and engineering practices engaging in the content of school science textbooks is particularly limited. The aim of the present study is to develop a framework and investigate (through it) the level at which science and engineering practices engage in the content of Greek middle school Physics textbooks about forces and motion. The analysis was carried out on a total of 61 reports and activities on forces and motion that are included in school textbooks (student’s book and lab workbook) used for teaching Physics to 13-year-old middle school students in Greece. Reports and activities were analyzed using content analysis. An assessment rubric called “Science and Engineering Practices Analytic Rubric” (SEPAR), which evaluates the level at which science and engineering practices engage in the above reports and activities, was used throughout the analysis. The analysis demonstrated the low level at which science and engineering practices engage in the analyzed content of these school textbooks. The SEPAR can be used for analyzing science instructional material. The results mean that no opportunities are provided to the students through the content of these school textbooks so that the students could use science and engineering practices and become familiar with them in order to better understand ideas and concepts about forces and motion.
Back to the Basics
Authors: Prashad Reshma , Chen Mei
Published: July 2021

Health literacy is a critical foundation that needs to be considered prior to the development and deployment of consumer e-health technologies. The authors indicate the problems associated with the lack of effective health literacy strategies in current consumer e-health interventions and then present a patient-centered, disease-specific, task-relevant, and contextualized health literacy approach. The goal of such an approach is to help patients better understand their illnesses make sense of their health data, make informed decisions, and more effectively manage their health conditions. The authors make five recommendations concerning health literacy in order to make e-health interventions effective. They also describe next-generation health literacy interventions that take advantage of emerging technologies such as speech recognition, natural language processing, artificial intelligence, automatic translation, and augmented reality. Finally, the authors point out a research and development direction towards an intelligent, integrated, and connected consumer e-health solution.
Health Literacy and Ethnic Minority Populations
Authors: Idowu Dela , King Gillian
Published: July 2021

This chapter will show how optimizing health literacy can benefit the delivery of healthcare to the population in a way that materially addresses the inequalities in the National Health Service (NHS). These inequalities adversely impact different population groups in different ways, for various reasons. However, ethnic minority populations are especially vulnerable to inequalities having an adverse effect on the delivery of healthcare to the population, thereby adversely affecting their access, engagement, and healthcare benefits and consequently their general health, wellbeing, and life expectancy. Optimizing health literacy in these populations will enable increased engagement and participation, thereby delivering healthcare more effectively to the population by tailoring it to their needs and addressing current inequalities.
Health Literacy and Patient -Reported Outcomes
Authors: Bellini Maria Irene , Kubler Andre
Published: July 2021

Modern healthcare needs to identify parameters for high-quality care. Quality improvement is the key for advancing in healthcare, and the new assessment tool shifts from a disease-centered outcome to a patient-centered outcome. Clinical outcome such as morbidity and mortality are directly connected and interdependent from patient-reported outcomes: well-informed patients who decide with their healthcare provider what treatment is best for them have better outcomes and higher patient satisfaction rates. These subjective data collected by rigorous, meaningful, and scientific methods and presented in a utilizable format can be used to create care objectives towards which both the surgeon and their patient can travel. Time has come to carry patient-centered outcomes from research into decision making and daily care plans. This chapter outlines a focus beyond life-prolonging therapy, aiming to minimize the negative effects of treatment, optimize quality of life, and align medical decisions with patient expectations.
Learning to Live with Chronic Disease
Authors: Gomes Lisa Alves , Reis Gorete
Published: July 2021

Cardiovascular diseases are chronic diseases with the highest morbidity and mortality rate worldwide. The high number of hospital admissions for coronary artery disease and the low adherence to cardiac rehabilitation programs constitute an opportunity for nurses to develop educational interventions aimed at health promotion, health literacy, empowerment, and accountability of the patient's abilities for an effective self-care. Nurses need to understand chronic patient's priorities and implement patient-centered care considering that caring for patients with chronic disease requires interventions focused on individual human responses. Therefore, the intention of this chapter is to provide an overview of the impact of educational nursing interventions on health literacy and patient empowerment as a method to improve self-care skills that are necessary for dealing with chronic disease.
Role of Social Media Promotion of Prescription Drugs on Patient Belief-system and Behaviour
Authors: Mukherjee Samrat Kumar , Kumar Jitendra , Jha Ajeya K , Rani Jaya Rani
Published: July 2021

In the current scenario, extremely little information exists on the uses, benefits, and limitations of social media for health communication among the patients and health professionals. Further, how it is affecting the patient belief system and behavior is even less studied, but it is emerging on the research horizon due to its growing significance in this digital age. This is a review article using a systematic approach. We performed a systematic literature search for papers that address social media–related challenges and opportunities for pharmaceutical drugs. It identifies the needs that propel patients to take recourse to SMPs; the benefits they derive from these and their limitations. This review article confirms that healthcare information provided by the social media sites has been found to be beneficial in many ways for the stakeholders and that it complements existing patient-physician interaction. However, it has limitations that need to be explored and understood to avoid ill consequences.
Effective Coaching Through Webinar-Integrated Tools
Authors: Kyakulumbye Stephen
Published: July 2021

Webinars are very powerful yet less used strategies for building the capacity of teachers to improve their pedagogical and andragogical practice, let alone to be used by teachers to offer education to their learners. The classroom learning environment has evolved to meet the needs of today and tomorrow by providing students with access to technology and online resources that support instruction especially during times when face-to-face interactions are impossible. This chapter offers research-based experience for the limitations and framework solution for effectively applying webinar through integrative tools as a framework for coaching educationists to promote active learning in blended environments. This chapter proposes an implementation framework based on a situation awareness model within empathetic participatory design principles. This model results in empowering and motivational outcomes for the instructors to extend the application of the use of the webinar tools among their fellow instructors.
Fake News and Social Media Censorship
Authors: Adetayo Adebowale Jeremy
Published: July 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has brought about a surge of fake news on social media. This dilemma has caused a ripple effect in society with increasing censorship on social media, which threatens the freedom of expression. The populace cannot effectively progress until they understand the threat posed by fake news and censorship. To protect our fundamental rights of expression, society must learn from librarians. The chapter explores the role of librarians in mitigating fake news. The chapter also identifies possible societal consequences of fake news. The chapter concludes that librarians should inoculate the public to pre-empt them from accepting fake news.
Developing Dispositions of Collegiality and Professionalism in Online Doctoral Programs
Authors: Duemer Lee S. , Greenhalgh-Spencer Heather
Published: July 2021

In this chapter, the authors make the argument that online doctoral students need opportunities to develop scholarly dispositions, particularly dispositions associated with collegiality and professionalism. They make that argument by first defining what they mean by dispositions, then by making an argument for a dispositional standpoint of care and analysis, then by describing dispositions of collegiality and professionalism. They then articulate an understanding of how to support the accrual of these dispositions in online doctoral programs. They do this by attending to the hidden curriculum of graduate school, and then by arguing for making parts of that hidden curriculum more visible and explicit.
Fostering Professional Dispositions of Preservice Teachers in an Educational Psychology Course
Authors: Bhattacharya Alpana
Published: July 2021

This chapter describes pedagogical approaches for fostering preservice teachers' professional dispositions in an undergraduate educational psychology course. First, scholarly literature related to advancement of preservice teachers' professional dispositions is reviewed. Select conceptual frameworks are reviewed and aligned with teacher preparation approaches used in the target course for advancing preservice teachers' professional dispositions. Next, analyses of preservice teachers' course experience and field experience in the target course are showcased as pedagogical approaches used for promoting preservice teachers' professional dispositions. Thereafter, additional pedagogical approaches are suggested for promoting preservice teachers' professional dispositions for teaching diverse students in secondary schools. Finally, options for examining development of preservice teachers' professional dispositions within teacher preparation programs are discussed as a future research direction.
Collegiality vs. Competition
Authors: Fredrickson Rebecca , Trujillo-Jenks Laura
Published: July 2021

Learning to work with others is a trait taught from the time children are in their early schooling. However, the concept of competition begins to form at the same time. This idea of competition continues to be a fire that burns brightly in some students, and the flames are often fanned by external forces: teachers, parents, students, counselors, college admissions programs, etc. Moving from public education to the collegiate classroom has not diminished the air of competition that is often present. Working within the academy has many of these same concepts embedded into its structure. New faculty members are expected to be prepared to be academics on day one. This includes in their teaching, scholarship, and service. This demand of constant production in all three areas can cause feelings of competition among faculty members. Within this chapter are demonstrated ways of applying the 5 Cs of collegiality to the university workplace as well as to doctoral induction programs, giving faculty the opportunity to assist them in the development of a mindset of collaboration over competition.
Creating Cultures of Daring Greatly for Early-Career Teachers and Early-Career Faculty
Authors: Zimmerman Aaron Samuel
Published: July 2021

Being an early-career teacher and an early-career faculty member are experiences that are fraught with vulnerability. Yet, the vulnerability that underlies these processes of becoming are not always addressed within academic cultures. Unless early-career teachers and early-career faculty are taught how to engage with vulnerability productively, early-career teachers and early-career faculty may blame themselves for the challenges that they encounter, when, in fact, these challenges may be more indicative of the complexity of their professional role rather than a reflection of their personal shortcomings. This chapter will draw on the writing of Brene Brown to describe how early-career teachers and early-career faculty members can choose to engage with vulnerability by daring greatly. This chapter will also make recommendations for how programs of teacher education and institutions of higher education can promote cultures in which the disposition of daring greatly is encouraged and supported.
Preservice Teachers
Authors: Day Deanna
Published: July 2021

This chapter describes how a children's literature educator provided a space for preservice teachers to select, read, and discuss diverse and social justice literature through read-alouds and literature circles. In addition, the preservice teachers questioned and challenged their own assumptions about their world during a semester-long read-aloud partnership with elementary students focusing on diverse or social justice children's literature. The college students involved the children in discussions around the texts and planned response activities for them. The findings suggest that partnerships, emphasizing diverse literature, help preservice teachers practice how to choose diverse books, experience the value of read-alouds, and discover how to encourage discussion around diverse texts.
Using Virtual Book Clubs to Elevate Discussion and Diverse Voices
Authors: Fortune Donna , Horst Paige , Kessler Meghan A. , Tackett Mary E. , Pennington Lisa K.
Published: July 2021

Preservice teachers in educator preparation programs (EPPs) are rarely cognizant of programmatic structures outside their own EPP. This lack of awareness isolates preservice teachers within their own programs and university cultures. As teacher educators, the authors wondered: How might interacting with peers in other EPPs bolster our preservice teachers' disciplinary literacies, praxis, and cultural competency? How might cross-institutional virtual interaction expand preservice teachers' pre-professional networking opportunities? Virtual book clubs offer a structured way for preservice teachers to experience peer interaction across institutions and cultural contexts. These book clubs provide opportunities for preservice teachers to explore a diverse array of cultural, societal, and professional perspectives as they prepare to enter teaching as young professionals.
Educating Otherwise
Authors: Lin Anastasia , Hardee Sheri Carmel , Bowen Jill
Published: July 2021

This chapter describes a transdisciplinary approach to preparing future educators for teaching multicultural literatures within diverse classrooms. The project combined an English course with an education course to deepen student awareness and understanding of multiculturalism while also encouraging student engagement and support of diverse communities and schools in our area. Over the course of the project, in-class student learning was enhanced through team teaching, intercultural assignments, a field trip, and a capstone project where students applied what they learned through creating lesson plans for use in their future classrooms. The learning community focused on dialogic application; the instruction and activities of the course were developed to suggest models students may later adapt in their own classrooms. The chapter demonstrates the efficacy of the approach and concludes with remarks on the utility of the learning community by a former student who currently teaches high school English.
The Revised Two-Factor Motivation to Lead Instrument
Authors: Cerff Karen
Published: July 2021

The study on which this chapter is based investigated whether there is a connection between hope, self-efficacy, and motivation to lead (MTL) in the development of leaders in South Africa. The data collected for the MTL component were gathered using a revised two-factor model of Chan's MTL instrument, comprising the leading for self-benefit factor (MTL-S) and the group-centered leading factor (MTL-G). The revised two-factor model of Chan's MTL instrument is a meaningful redevelopment of Chan's MTL instrument for the South African context and potentially elsewhere in the world. The MTL-G, which comprises seven items, is of particular interest as a scale for measuring altruism. This research makes a contribution to servant leadership by establishing the connection between MTL-G and altruism, and adds a valuable dimension to the research of Patterson. More recent research has emerged, indicating MTL instrument adaptions and revisions in different contexts.
COVID-19 vs. Healthcare Information System Self-Efficacy Perception (HISSEP)
Authors: Weathersby-Holman B. J.
Published: July 2021

Coronavirus has emphasized the importance of nursing contributions and their integral participation in interdisciplinary leadership teams providing patient care in healthcare organizations. Workforce shortages of qualified nurses in healthcare with technology skills are necessary to maintain a high level of patient care and healthcare operations. A validated instrument, Healthcare Information System Self-Efficacy Perception, was created providing a self-assessment tool for measuring an older working nurse's perception of self-efficacy of healthcare information system training within a healthcare environment. The study was the first of its kind to recognize the salient training differences that existed for older workers in a healthcare setting. The instrument was developed using a focus group, pilot study, and validated with registered nurses (RN) in a single healthcare organization. The sample (N=162) was assessed using an online survey tool. After face validity was established for HISSEP, a principal component factor analysis was conducted to determine content validity.
Introduction to Machine Learning as a New Methodological Framework for Performance Assessment
Authors: Baker Jason D.
Published: July 2021

Machine learning enables organizations to leverage data strategically to improve employee performance, promote continuous improvement, and better fulfill the mission. Opportunities for leveraging machine learning within organizations exist throughout the employee lifecycle but should be pursued with a clear understanding of the strengths and limitations of the methodology. This chapter will review traditional performance management processes, introduce machine learning as a methodology, highlight how machine learning methods could be used in new performance assessment models, and note future research directions to improve the use of machine learning within organizations.
Student Activism and Representation via Shared Governance in Higher Education
Authors: Redlo Jesse M. , Waight-Morabito Alec
Published: July 2021

Shared governance is an important part of a healthy college or university. Shared governance, like democracy, requires open communication, trust, respect, and the ability to work toward the common good. Using the collective wisdom of faculty, staff, students, and board members, shared governance can unite diverse views and experiences to provide an institution with insight and oversight. This chapter provides an overview of why shared governance is essential to the health, strength, and future of America's colleges and universities. The chapter explores principles and models of shared governance, including the “Student Leaders Principle” and the “Principle of Equitable Representation and Jurisdiction.”
Blending Faculty and Student Affairs Professionals
Authors: Cook Jared
Published: July 2021

Higher education is currently facing some of the most significant stability challenges it has seen in years. Between sharp declines in state aid and revenue, as well as growing challenges from competitors (i.e., Google Career Certificates), the longstanding stability higher education has enjoyed is dwindling. As higher education looks to the future, faculty and student affairs professionals need to find intentional ways to partner, allowing utilization of resources from both parties. This chapter explores one such partnership focused on leadership and civic engagement at a small private university in the Midwest. The chapter includes a framework for collaborative success, built from multiple leadership models, learner orientation, and negotiation tactics.
Contemporary Concepts in the Diagnosis and Management of Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Authors: Arumugam Rajasekar
Published: July 2021

Optimal sleep is an inseparable component of both physical and psychological well-being. With the widespread increase in the prevalence of sleep disorders, there has been an immense interest among the global researchers in exploring the molecular biology of sleep and innovative modalities for diagnosing and treating sleep disorders. Notably, sleep disorders encompass a wide spectrum of sleep disturbances with potential multisystem complications. Polysomnography is an overnight sleep study that is widely considered as the gold standard objective diagnostic method for diagnosing obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and provision of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), which maintains airway patency during sleep remains the cornerstone therapy for OSA. Although CPAP remains the mainstay of therapy for OSA, various oral appliances and surgical interventions have widely been considered for OSA. This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of contemporary diagnostic and therapeutic approaches available in clinical practice for sleep-related breathing disorders with particular emphasis on OSA.
Real-Time EEG Device for Epilepsy Detection Using Wavelet Transform and Support Vector Machine
Authors: Jagtap Sharad Sarjerao , M. Rajesh Kumar
Published: July 2021

This chapter gives an effective and efficient technique that can detect epilepsy in real time. It is low cost, low power, and real-time devices that can easily detect epilepsy. Along with EEG device, one can upgrade with GSM module to alert the doctors and parents of patients about its occurrence to prevent a sudden fall, which may cause injury and death. The accuracy of this EEG device depends on the quality of feature extraction technique and classification algorithm. In this chapter, support vector machine (SVM) is used as a classifier. Wavelet transform gives feature extraction, which helps to train data and to detect normal or seizure patients. Discrete wavelet transform (DWT) decomposes the signals into three decomposition levels. In this detection, mean, median, and non-linear parameter entropy were calculated for every sub-band as key parameters. The extracted features are then applied to SVM classifier for the classification. Better accuracy of classification is obtained using wavelet and SVM classifier.
Decision Support Approach for Assessing of Rail Transport
Authors: Hadj-Mabrouk Habib
Published: July 2021

As part of the certification process for a new rail transport system, one of the essential steps is to examine, from a safety point of view, that the system (and its technical and human environment) satisfies the regulatory requirements of safety and in particular that it can in no case be a source of risk for travelers. This intellectual process by which a certification expert assesses a situation, predicts an event, or makes a decision is often difficult to model in the form of reliable and definitive algorithms. This difficulty can be partially overcome by using artificial intelligence (AI) techniques. In order to improve the usual approaches to analysis and evaluation of safety studies used in the context of certification, this chapter presents several methods and tools based on AI techniques and in particular on knowledge acquisition methods, supervised machine learning (SML), case-based reasoning (CBR), and knowledge-based systems (KBS).
Temporal Accident Trends of Bus Rapid Transit Line 1 in Mexico City
Authors: Santos-Reyes Jaime , Perez Diego A. Padilla
Published: July 2021

The chapter presents the results of historical accident data on BRT L1 that have occurred in Mexico City from 2015-2020. Some of the key findings were the following: 1) A total of 1,769 accidents have occurred in the period of analysis (2015-2020); the most critical years in terms of the frequency of accident occurrence have been 2016 (27%) and 2019 (21.2%), and as expected, the least critical year was 2020 (7.1%). 2) The most critical seasons of the year have been the following: spring (27.1%) and summer (26.5%); the less critical seasons were winter (23.2%) and autumn (23.1%). 3) The results also highlighted that accident occurrence decreases sharply at the weekends (15.8%). The main conclusion of the analysis is that 64% of accidents occurred during peak hours causing traffic congestion and negative effects on health and to the environment. More research is needed to incorporate data from 2014 to 2020 for the case of the other six existing BRT lines. Further, some relevant statistical significance tests on the data are needed.
Criteria for Selection of Transportation Vehicles According to Cargo Companies Using Fuzzy Methods
Authors: Topal Ayşe , Yürüyen Ali Aygün , Ulutaş Alptekin , Karabasevic Darjan , Karaköy Çağatay
Published: July 2021

Freight transportation is one of the most important and costly operations in logistics as economy and society are significantly depended on freight transportation for the sustainability of life. Vehicle selection in freight transportation is a crucial and strategic decision as it requires high investments, and if the desired performance cannot be achieved from these vehicles, which were bought at a high expense, they would inevitably be idle. Vehicle selection problem in logistics is essentially a multi-criteria decision problem as it consists of several criteria, some conflicting with each other. The aim of this research is to find out which criteria freight companies value the most when assessing and selecting the vehicles they use on the road by using fuzzy BWM and fuzzy SWARA methods. Since the number of studies using fuzzy BWM and fuzzy SWARA is low in the literature and there are few studies in the literature related to transportation vehicle selection in the logistics, this study will contribute to the literature.
Managing Green Supply Chain Transportation Operation Using Multi-Agent Framework
Authors: Pal Kamalendu
Published: July 2021

The concept of software agent has become essential in both artificial intelligence (AI) and mainstream computer science. Multi-agent systems (MAS) provide the way to design and implement information system solutions that exhibit flexibility in a distributed environment. Simulation plays a crucial role in analyzing MAS solutions' behaviour during the automated software solution analysis and design phase. This chapter uses the idea of multi-agent computing and provides a software framework for green supply chain management, carbon footprint assessment planning for a multimodal transportation scenario. In this framework, the software agents' operational activities managed with the help of a hybrid knowledge-based system that uses rule-based reasoning (RBR) and case-based reasoning (CBR). The presented framework accepts a transport logistic service request and creates a transport plan that helps optimize environmental impact (i.e., CO2 footprint) by retrieving best practices (i.e., carbon footprint perspective) for each route from a repository of best-practiced cases.
Software Agent-Based Simulation for Pan-European Transport Corridor Management in Supply Chain
Authors: Pal Kamalendu
Published: July 2021

Software agent-based computing is emerging as an essential technology for developing commercial distributed systems to deal with the uncertainty in a dynamic business environment. Supply chain management (SCM) systems help to manage industry-specific business processes, services, and information flow among the stakeholders. Transportation network design and development is an essential part of effective supply chain management. The transport networks use different travel corridors for regular operations. The global supply chain transport corridors include various infrastructural components (e.g., border clearance authority, package handling machinery, weighbridge). The traffic and transportation systems domain are well suited for an agent-based approach because transportation systems are usually geographically distributed in a dynamic changing environment. This chapter describes a multi-agent software system to model and simulate transportation corridor use cases. The experimental simulation results provide potential guidance.
Using Digital Programs and Technologies to Simulate Business Development
Authors: Oncioiu Ionica , Dogaru Mihaela Mirela , Popescu Manoela
Published: July 2021

The priorities of business people in the digital age are human capital and innovation. As the changes are fast, in the digital age, the decision maker will not look for the optimal solution, but will stop at the first solution that he considers satisfactory and will put it into practice as soon as possible, given the fact that there is a high probability that the opportunity or the conditions for materializing the decision must change, even before the implementation of the decision. The use of digital programs and technologies to simulate the company's development decisions can circumvent these shortcomings, at least for a short period of time. This chapter shows that, in an increasingly digitized world, there is widespread recognition that a strong organizational goal is essential for any company, as well as an awareness that trust is becoming increasingly difficult to gain. Also, the proper management of the growing expectations of stakeholders contributes to building the confidence needed for an organization to survive and thrive.
A Vision Regarding the Role of Financial-Accounting Practices in Tourism
Authors: Calotă Traian Ovidiu
Published: July 2021

The primary role of general management's professionalism depends, to a large extent, on the correct assessment of the value of using the accounting information provided by the accounting management and, respectively, the efficient use in the decision-making process. What is extremely important is the fact that this process must be seen as in a continuously dynamic, as well as the fact that the options used must be in line with the permanent flow of opportunities that must be notified in time and exploited in the interest of economic entities. In the author's opinion, this aspect is predilection specific to tourism activities, with an important impact on success in this type of business. Thus, the opportunities are manifested and often start from them, from the start-up phase of a business, when the capital contribution will be made according to the perspectives opened by these opportunities, and then the construction of the tourist entity itself (including the system information-accounting) will be influenced by this.
Internship Program
Authors: P. K. Haridas
Published: July 2021

India is the one of the biggest countries. Education is one among the significant priorities in the Indian scenario as it forms the first step of each and every career life and that it builds a bright future for every aspiring individual. In this competitive world, like all other fields, there is a rapid change in the field of education. Teachers and researches are approaching and experiencing the new methods for learning. In the current education system, especially in business schools, the term “learning” plays an important role. In Indian business schools, students are learning lessons from classrooms and applying them to real-world situations. This chapter explores internship programs.
Future Opportunities in Imagineering Management
Authors: Suman Sonika , Kuofie Mattew
Published: July 2021

The question that arises is whether it is possible to train or coach Imagineering or can Imagineering management be built into the curriculum of modern education for its future potential and opportunities. For an answer to the question, it is essential to understand that Imagineering has manifold dimensions like art, craft, science, technology, and commerce or business. Imagineering management, which is a part of human ingenuity, will continue in the future, and the technology management education will facilitate such training through formal education of modern universities. The artists, designers, and engineers work together to bring out various themes of utility in human life, and later those themes are translated into commercial ventures for the purpose of business. Sometimes, the themes of utility will arise out of serendipity. Having understood its potential for business, institutions are coming up with educational curriculum, content, and programs to award degrees like MBAs in Imagineering Management.
Engendering the Field of STEM
Authors: Ara Roshan
Published: July 2021

The participation of women in STEM disciplines has remained quite dismal. Only 35% of scientists in the world are women, with a gender gap in STEM at 55%. Various socio-cultural taboos, gender stereotypes, lack of awareness of parents, and a patriarchal mindset of the society have divided the domains of STEM knowledge according to gender. It is imperative to mainstream gender at all policy making levels and embrace woman governance in the field of STEM. Reducing the gender gap in STEM will help in reducing gender gap in skills, increase employability and productivity of women, and be a tool for reducing occupational segregation which in turn will lead to faster economic growth. Concerted efforts are needed to boost the confidence of girls and hone their talent in the field. The chapter aims at examining the current state of women participation in STEM, assessing the gender gap existing in the field, identifying the reasons responsible for the least participation of women in science and technology, and working out the ways and means for engendering the field of STEM.
An Investigation on Cloud Computing Adoption Within Information Technology Companies
Authors: Mohammadi Alireza , Saeedikondori Armin , Nezakati Hossein , Sabermajidi Naghmeh , Jantan Amer Hamzah
Published: July 2021

Cloud computing is one of the most popular technology services, and its usage has increased significantly in recent years. This study aims to understand the factors that influence cloud computing adoption by Malaysian information technology (IT) companies. An in-depth review in the previous literature demonstrated a relationship between relative advantage, complexity, compatibility, top management support, firm size, technology readiness, competitive pressure, and trading partner pressure with cloud computing adoption in Malaysia. The study's findings displayed that relative advantage, compatibility, top management support, and competitive pressure significantly affect cloud computing adoption. The study contributes to applying new technological features of cloud computing adoption in the industry through a wide range of variables. The results also help companies foresee their IT investment when implementing cloud computing. The relative advantage is identified to have the highest impact on cloud computing adoption.
Tourism Industry
Authors: Barykin Sergey Evgenievich , de la Poza Elena , Khalid Bilal , Kapustina Irina Vasilievna , Kalinina Olga Vladimirovna , Iqbal Kanwar Muhammad Javed
Published: July 2021

COVID-19 struck the world, and nothing has remained the same. The various industries of the world can attest to how much effect the abrupt disruption amounted to their various sectors and how much it affected them in terms of revenue generation, human resources, and flow of operation. Although some were eventually able to gain their footing by being able to leverage technological solutions, tourism felt the brunt of the pandemic as the operations were brought to a sudden halt, and the tourism sector found it very challenging to cope. Many were let off their jobs, and what used to be a great source of revenue generation for several economies suffered a great loss. The pandemic without any doubt served as a wakeup call to the reality of the not-so-effective state of the tourism sector. Technology brought about the solutions with which other industries withstood the ravaging challenges of the pandemic. The digital world is the new normal for the world, and for the tourism industry to grow, it must find the best way to leverage technological solutions.
Business Data Analytics Applications to Online Product Reviews and Nationalism
Authors: Willow Charles C.
Published: July 2021

This paper investigates the data analytics between consumer purchase decisions relative to the on-line reviews. The multi-attributes associated with purchase decisions are comprised of nationalism and consumer preference to be correlated with online reviews using big data analytics. By far, a small fraction of meaningful studies have sought to correlate nationalism and ethnocentrism with big data analytics to date. Globally accepted generic products are selected to expedite the process of data engineering. Two sets were arranged: passenger automobiles for transportation with an estimated $9 trillion global market and the smart phone, boosting its market size of approximately $5 billion. Both products provide minimized cultural, linguistic, gender, age, and/or custom barriers of entry for prospective digital consumers, thereby allowing relatively unrestricted engagement with online reviews and purchases. A series of hypothesis tests indicate that there is a positive correlation between nationalism and automobiles. As to smart cell phones, however, nationalism had nominal control factors. Multi-variate analytics were performed by using R and Tableau Public.
Possibilities of Using Pumice Concrete as Thermal Insulation Lining of Industrial Chimneys
Authors: Pešata Michal , Prochazka Lukáš , Boháčová Jana
Published: July 2021

This paper deals with the possibility of using pumice concrete as thermal insulation lining of industrial chimneys. Two formulas were prepared, the first from sulphate resistant cement and the second as a reference mixture from Cem I 42.5R. The thermal insulating properties of the prepared recipes will be evaluated as well as the resistance to the action of sulphates in 5 % sodium sulphate solution. No significant decrease in strength was observed when samples were stored in 5% sodium sulfate solution for 60 days. Only the reference series reported a significant unexpected decrease in strength.