bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Medicaid Stage 1 Meaningful Use EHR Incentive Payments Are Associated With Higher Quality but Not Improvements in Quality
Authors: Grinspan Zachary M. , Bao Yuhua , Edwards Alison , Johnson Phyllis , Kaushal Rainu , Kern Lisa M.
Published: October 2016

This was a retrospective cohort study of ambulatory care quality by physicians who received payment for Medicaid Stage 1 Meaningful Use (MU) in 2012 using New York State Medicaid Claims (2010-2013). Eight quality measures were used to compare performance of physicians who received payments to Adopt, Implement, or Use (AIU) an electronic health record in 2011 but not for MU in 2012 (AIU-only group) and physicians who cared for Medicaid patients but received no payments (no-incentive group), using propensity score-weighted difference-in-difference logistic regression analyses, clustering by physician. In all, 13 697 physicians and 913 476 patients were studied. In 2010, the MU group scored higher than both groups (vs AIU-only in 3 of 8 measures, 0.8-1.3 adjusted percentage points; vs no-incentive, 2 of 8 measures, 0.9-2.0 adjusted percentage points). The difference-in-difference analysis found no additional improvements in quality over time relative to either control group. Longer follow-up is needed to determine the effects of Stage 2 MU.
The Impact of Nursing Protocols on Continuous Special Observation
Authors: Ray Richard , Perkins Evelyn , Roberts Patricia , Fuller Lisa
Published: October 2016

BACKGROUND: Continuous Special Observation (CSO) is commonly ordered for patients at risk to injure themselves or others and involves assigning staff to monitor one patient at all times. CSO is intrusive, costly, and often has deleterious effects on patient care. Two nursing protocols were developed as alternative interventions to CSO. The first protocol, Psychiatric Nursing Availability (PNA), was designed to treat patients having suicidal or self-injurious thoughts. The second protocol, Psychiatric Monitoring and Intervention (PMI), was designed to prevent violent and impulsive behavior. These protocols had their genesis in a model that encourages nursing autonomous decision making. OBJECTIVE: Identify the impact PNA and PMI had on the number of CSO and their duration. STUDY DESIGN: Nine-year descriptive retrospective analysis of CSO, PNA, and PMI. The data were collected from the unit 15-minute rounding sheets. Descriptive analyses were performed. Interrupted time series analysis was used to determine how the protocols affected frequency and duration of CSO. RESULTS: PNA did not significantly affect CSO; however, PMI did affect its use. There was a downward trend in the number of CSOs after PMI was implemented by 0.07 episodes per month ( p = .0111). The median duration of CSO dropped from 66 hours to 33 hours after PMI was implemented ( p = .0004). CONCLUSION: PMI had the greatest impact on CSO. PMI had a secondary effect of increasing staff availability on the unit that affected CSO’s use. The model of nursing care may have influenced this reduction in CSO.
The contribution of depressive symptoms to slowness of information processing in relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis
Authors: Lubrini Genny , Ríos Lago Marcos , Periañez Jose A , Tallón Barranco Antonio , De Dios Consuelo , Fernández-Fournier Mireya , Diez Tejedor Exuperio , Frank García Ana
Published: October 2016

Background:

Slowness of information processing has been suggested as a fundamental factor modulating cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis (MS). However, the contribution of depressive symptoms (DS) to slowness remains unclear. One of the most accepted hypotheses on the impact of depression on the general population suggests that depression interferes only with tasks requiring high cognitive demands. However, no studies have investigated if the same pattern occurs in MS.

Objective:

The aim of this study was to determine the profile of the contribution of DS to slowness.

Methods:

Four Reaction Time (RT) tasks requiring an increasing level of cognitive demands were administered to 35 relapsing remitting MS patients with DS, 33 MS patients without DS, 17 depressed non-MS patients and 27 controls.

Results:

MS patients without DS obtained longer RTs than controls in all the tasks. On the contrary, depressed non-MS patients were slower than controls only in the most demanding task. Finally, MS patients with DS were slower than MS patients without DS not only in the most demanding task but also in the task requiring a lower level of cognitive demands.

Conclusion:

The contribution of DS to slowness depends on the level of cognitive demands. However, its impact on MS is more deleterious than on the general population.
Fragility analysis of a subway station structure by incremental dynamic analysis
Authors: Liu Tong , Chen Zhiyi , Yuan Yong , Shao Xiaoyun
Published: October 2016

Fragility analysis constitutes the basis in seismic risk assessment and performance-based earthquake engineering during which the probability of a structure response exceeding a certain limit state at a given seismic intensity is sought to relate seismic intensity and structural vulnerability. In this article, the seismic vulnerability assessment of a subway station structure is investigated using a probabilistic method. The Daikai subway station was selected as an example structure and its seismic responses are modeled according to the nonlinear incremental dynamic analysis procedure. The limit states are defined in terms of the deformation and waterproof performance of the subway station structure based on the central column drift angle and the structural tension damage distribution obtained from the incremental dynamic analysis. Fragility curves were developed at those limit states and the probability of exceedance at the limit states of operational, slight damage, life safety, and collapse prevention was determined for the two seismic hazard levels. Results reveal that the proposed fragility analysis implementation procedure to the subway station structure provides an effective and reliable seismic vulnerability analysis method, which is essential for these underground structural systems considering their high potential risk during seismic events.
Perioperative Myocardial Infarction in Non-Cardiac Surgery Patients: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Ollila A. , Vikatmaa L. , Virolainen J. , Vikatmaa P. , Leppäniemi A. , Albäck A. , Salmenperä M. , Pettilä V.
Published: October 2016

Background and Aims:

Perioperative myocardial infarction is an underdiagnosed complication causing morbidity, mortality, and considerable costs. However, evidence of preventive and therapeutic options is scarce. We investigated the incidence and outcome of perioperative myocardial infarction in non-cardiac surgery patients in order to define a target population for future interventional trials.

Material and Methods:

We conducted a prospective single-center study on non-cardiac surgery patients aged 50 years or older. High-sensitivity troponin T and electrocardiograph were obtained five times perioperatively. Perioperative myocardial infarction diagnosis required a significant troponin T release and an ischemic sign or symptom. Perioperative risk calculator was used for risk assessment.

Results:

Of 385 patients with systematic ischemia screening, 27 patients (7.0%) had perioperative myocardial infarction. The incidence was highest in vascular surgery—19 of 172 patients (11.0%). The 90-day mortality was 29.6% in patients with perioperative myocardial infarction and 5.6% in non–perioperative myocardial infarction patients ( p <  0.001). Perioperative risk calculator predicted perioperative myocardial infarction with an area under curve of 0.73 (95% confidence interval: 0.64–0.81).

Conclusion:

Perioperative myocardial infarction is a common complication associated with a 90-day mortality of 30%. The ability of the perioperative risk calculator to predict perioperative myocardial infarction was fair supporting its routine use.
The use of mobile technology in waiting rooms to leverage women’s empowerment: A conceptual context
Authors: Reychav Iris , Parush Avi , McHaney Roger , Hazan Maya , Moshonov Rami
Published: October 2016

This article focuses on a conceptual framework that can be applied to the use of mobile technology in the waiting room with the goal of empowering women recently diagnosed with abnormal Pap test results. It further describes trends which indicate a need for improved and timely information dissemination. Genecology practice outpatients report a predominant feeling of worry on receipt of abnormal medical test results, along with a clearly expressed wish for additional information. This research suggests that there is room for improvement in existing processes through use of mobile technology with carefully vetted materials which indicate a doctor is interested in the patient’s well-being.
Parents as researchers: collaborative ethnography with parents
Authors: Hackett Abigail
Published: October 2016

This article describes a series of studies of young children’s experience of place in which parents acted as co-researchers, collecting and analysing data. This approach to research resulted in an emphasis on sensory engagement and embodied experience, for both adults and children. As my own young daughter accompanied me during this research, the boundaries between parent and researcher were further blurred. As research progressed, parents became increasingly critical of pathologising discourses about parenting, and stated more strongly the expertise they possessed in their own children. Collaborative research with parents opened up new possibilities for understanding the perspectives of very young children, by drawing on the expertise parents have.
The challenges of participation in doing community-based participatory action research: Lessons from the Kwithu Project
Authors: Wamba Nathalis G
Published: October 2016

The Kwithu project started when a volunteer who joined Kwithu, a community-based organization in Mzuzu, Malawi (Africa), to teach English gave a diagnostic test to a random group of forty 7th and 8th graders (20 boys and 20 girls) and discovered that most of them could hardly read or write in English. The test results prompted Maureen, the Kwithu director and co-founder, the teacher and myself to meet with the headteachers of the three schools mostly attended by Kwithu children. The headteachers appreciated our concerns about the English proficiency of the children, but they advised us to focus on more urgent matters if we truly wanted to help, e.g., lack of teaching and learning materials, lack of running water in schools, hunger, teacher qualifications, etc. This advice shifted our initial inquiry goal—from English language teaching—to a community-based participatory action research project designed to address the school conditions in Luwinga. In this paper, I describe the community-based participatory action research inquiry and I reflect on the process of participation.
The analysis of capture strategy for redundant space manipulator when performing snare capture
Authors: Zhang Long , Jia Qingxuan , Chen Gang , Sun Hanxu , Zhang Xiaodong
Published: October 2016

Snare capture is a capture mode, which mainly relies on three flexible cables to enclose and then latch the target. Regarding the pre-impact phase of snare capture, this article presents a capture strategy for redundant space manipulator with the aim of improving reliability. It contains two steps: the attitude regulation of snare-type end-effector and the optimized control of space manipulator. In the first step, the contact model between grapple shaft and flexible cable is established based on the discrete flexible cable model. And then, with the purpose of reducing the peak value of contact force, a “safe contact region” is designed and the grapple shaft can get into it by regulating the end-effector’s attitude. In the second step, a description of the inertial properties perceived at the end-effector of space manipulator is provided first, and on this basis, the objective functions which aim to reduce the disturbance of the end-effector are established. Thereafter, the configuration of space manipulator is optimized by the null space method for its advantage of not affecting the regulated end-effector attitude. Finally, a simulation is carried out on a 7-degree-of-freedom space manipulator with snare-type end-effector and a target equipped with grapple shaft to prove the effectiveness of the proposed capture strategy.
Haematuria
Authors: Davis Abigail
Published: October 2016

Haematuria is the presence of red blood cells in the urine, it is classified into two types: visible and non-visible. Non-visible haematuria is considered significant if blood is detected in two-out-of-three urine samples taken 2 to 3 weeks apart. Common causes of haematuria in adults include urinary tract infection, exercise-induced haematuria, nephrological disease, bladder cancer and renal stones. Common causes of haematuria in children include hypercalciuria, IgA nephropathy and post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis. Patients with visible haematuria should be referred for investigation to exclude urological cancer. Patients with non-visible haematuria should have their blood pressure, urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio and estimated glomerular filtration rate measured, to determine if they require onward referral to secondary care. The new National Institute for Health and Care Excellence guidelines for recognition and referral of suspected cancer identify those patients with haematuria that should be referred through the 2-week wait pathway.
Silicone-covered biodegradable magnesium-stent insertion in the esophagus: a comparison with plastic stents
Authors: Zhu Yue-Qi , Yang Kai , Edmonds Laura , Wei Li-Ming , Zheng Reila , Cheng Ruo-Yu , Cui Wen-Guo , Cheng Ying-Sheng
Published: October 2016

Background:

We determined the feasibility of, and tissue response to silicone-covered biodegradable magnesium- and plastic-stent insertion into the esophagus in rabbits.

Methods:

The mechanical compression–recovery characteristics and degradation behaviors of the magnesium stent were investigated in vitro. A total of 45 rabbits were randomly divided into a magnesium- ( n = 15) and a plastic- ( n = 15) stent group, and underwent stent insertion into the lower third of the esophagus under fluoroscopic guidance; a control group ( n = 15) did not undergo the intervention. Esophagography was performed at 1, 2, and 4 weeks. Five rabbits in each group were euthanized at each time point for histological examination.

Results:

Silicone-covered magnesium stents showed similar radial force to plastic stents ( p > 0.05). The magnesium stents degraded rapidly in an acidic solution, but 90.2% ± 3.1% of the residual mass was maintained after a 2-week degradation in a solution with a pH of 4.0. All stent insertions were well tolerated. Magnesium stents migrated in six rabbits (one at 1 week, one at 2 weeks and four at 4 weeks), and plastic stents migrated in three rabbits (one at 2 weeks and two at 4 weeks; p > 0.05). Esophageal wall remodeling (thinner epithelial and smooth muscle layers) was similar in both stented groups ( p > 0.05), and the esophagus wall was found to be significantly thinner in the stented groups than in the control group ( p < 0.05). Esophageal injury and collagen deposition following stent insertion were similar and did not differ from the control group ( p > 0.05).

Conclusions:

Esophageal silicone-covered magnesium stents provided reliable support for at least 2 weeks, with acceptable migration rates and without causing severe injury or tissue reaction compared with plastic stents.
For all intents and purposes: Twitter as a foundational technology for teachers
Authors: Greenhalgh Spencer P , Rosenberg Joshua M , Wolf Leigh Graves
Published: October 2016

Twitter is increasingly accepted as an important educational technology and has been shown to serve a range of purposes. In fact, this variety suggests that Twitter has the potential to serve as a foundational technology: one capable of supporting teachers’ learning across multiple formal and informal contexts. To explore this possibility, we examined the purposes that Twitter serves in one educational technology graduate program. We collected over 9000 tweets containing any of 12 program-related hashtags and coded a sample of them to describe the purposes they served. This resulted in six themes: contribute to disciplinary conversation, engage with disciplinary conversation, build community, make connections with other communities, ask for and provide support, and unclear or irrelevant purpose. These themes—and the varied contexts they were associated with—suggest that Twitter serves as a foundational technology in this program and has the potential to do so in other educational communities.
A critical review of the literature of social media’s affordances in the classroom
Authors: Stewart Olivia G
Published: October 2016

Even though the use of social media in education is a now widely-studied topic, there still does not seem to be a consensus for what social media may afford students or how best to use them in the classroom. In this critical review of current literature, I discuss some of the most prominent qualitative studies that explore the use of social media in the classroom. I consider some of the affordances that these scholars assert social media can offer in the classroom, in particular the affordances of authoring to a wider, interactive audience and potentials for improved learning and literacy practices. I then address contemporary scholars’ findings for incorporating social media into the classroom as well as the limitations for social media in education. I conclude with a discussion of potential steps for future research.
Activity of nonmuscle myosin II isoforms determines localization at the cleavage furrow of megakaryocytes
Authors: Roy Anita , Lordier Larissa , Mazzi Stefania , Chang Yunhua , Lapierre Valérie , Larghero Jérome , Debili Najet , Raslova Hana , Vainchenker William
Published: October 2016

Publisher's Note: There is an Inside Blood Commentary on this article in this issue.
PDGFB, a new candidate plasma biomarker for venous thromboembolism: results from the VEREMA affinity proteomics study
Authors: Bruzelius Maria , Iglesias Maria Jesus , Hong Mun-Gwan , Sanchez-Rivera Laura , Gyorgy Beata , Souto Juan Carlos , Frånberg Mattias , Fredolini Claudia , Strawbridge Rona J. , Holmström Margareta , Hamsten Anders , Uhlén Mathias , Silveira Angela , Soria Jose Manuel , Smadja David M. , Butler Lynn M. , Schwenk Jochen M. , Morange Pierre-Emmanuel , Trégouët David-Alexandre , Odeberg Jacob
Published: October 2016

Key Points

High-throughput affinity plasma proteomic profiling can identify candidate plasma biomarkers for VTE. Elevated plasma PDGFB levels are identified as associated with VTE in 2 independent case control studies.
Caspase-3–dependent cleavage of Bcl-xL in the stroma exosomes is required for their uptake by hematological malignant cells
Authors: Vardaki Ioulia , Sanchez Claire , Fonseca Pedro , Olsson Magnus , Chioureas Dimitrios , Rassidakis George , Ullén Anders , Zhivotovsky Boris , Björkholm Magnus , Panaretakis Theocharis
Published: October 2016

Key Points

Bcl-xL is a substrate for active caspase-3 in the exosomes. Molecular or chemical inhibition of exosomal Bcl-xL cleavage attenuates uptake of exosomes by hematological malignant cells.
Safety Considerations in Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Patients With Implanted Medical Devices
Authors: Ponce de Leon Marcus
Published: October 2016

MRI is a valuable tool in the evaluation of patients with neurologic disease. It offers ease of use and widespread availability; however, MRI can pose significant health hazards to patients with implantable devices. Accordingly, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has changed the safety labeling of implantable devices. This article increases provider awareness by detailing the potential safety risks MRI poses to patients with implantable devices and reviews the most recent FDA device labeling.
Imaging of Central Nervous System Demyelinating Disorders
Authors: Balashov Konstantin
Published: October 2016

Purpose of Review: This article focuses on neuroimaging in multiple sclerosis (MS), the most common central nervous system (CNS) demyelinating disorder encountered by practicing neurologists. Less common adult demyelinating disorders and incidental subclinical white matter abnormalities that are often considered in the differential diagnosis of MS are also reviewed.

Recent Findings: Advancements in neuroimaging techniques, eg, the application of ultrahigh-field MRI, are rapidly expanding the use of neuroimaging in CNS demyelinating disorders. Probably the most important recent findings include the detection of cortical lesions and CNS atrophy even in early stages of MS. The key development for practicing neurologists is the growing impact of MRI on the diagnostic criteria for MS and neuromyelitis optica (NMO) spectrum disorders.

Summary: MRI serves as an important component of the diagnostic criteria for MS and other major CNS demyelinating disorders, and it has been established as a reliable and sensitive indicator of disease activity and progression. In addition, rapidly advancing neuroimaging techniques are helping to improve our understanding of disease pathogenesis.
Imaging in Patients With Visual Symptoms
Authors: Szatmáry Gabriella
Published: October 2016

Purpose of Review: This article presents an imaging-based approach to the differential diagnosis of visual symptoms.

Recent Findings: Many neurologic disorders may present with visual symptoms. Therefore, neurologists must be familiar with the array of pathophysiologic processes that cause visual symptoms. Orbital imaging is challenging owing to the small structures and different tissue interfaces within and surrounding the orbital compartment. Some of the emerging three-dimensional MRI sequences are promising and compare well with high-resolution two-dimensional sequences in the orbits.

Summary: The diagnosis of patients with visual symptoms can be challenging and often requires in-depth knowledge of neuroanatomy that is well depicted by various imaging methods. Neurologists are expected to be familiar with the latest imaging techniques that play an important role not only in diagnosing diseases but also in determining disease pathogenesis. Close collaboration with the neuroimager, ophthalmologist, and, when available, neuro-ophthalmologist, is recommended when caring for patients with visual symptoms.
Positron Emission Tomography and Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography in Neurology
Authors: Miletich Robert S.
Published: October 2016

Purpose of Review: Positron emission tomography (PET) and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) are now available for routine clinical applications in neurology. This article discusses their diagnostic use in dementia, brain tumors, epilepsy, parkinsonism, cerebrovascular disease, and traumatic brain injury.

Recent Findings: Neuromolecular imaging, also known as nuclear neurology, involves clinical imaging of both basal regional physiology (perfusion, metabolism, and transport mechanisms) and specific neurochemical physiology (currently, only the dopamine transporter). This article serves as an introduction to neuromolecular imaging, reviewing the literature supplemented by the author’s experience.

Summary: Neurologic PET and SPECT are no longer restricted to the research realm. These modalities have high diagnostic accuracy.
Introduction to Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Neurologists
Authors: Radue Ernst-Wilhelm , Weigel Matthias , Wiest Roland , Urbach Horst
Published: October 2016

Purpose of Review: In neuroradiology, highly sophisticated methods such as MRI are implemented to investigate different entities of the central nervous system and to acquire miscellaneous images where tissues display varying degrees of characteristic signal intensity or brightness. Compared to x-ray, CT, and ultrasound, MRI produces clearer images of tissues, body fluids, and fat. The basics of MRI may be unknown to neurologists; this article introduces MRI physics, techniques, and interpretation guidelines.

Recent Findings: This article discusses the basics of MRI to provide clinicians with the scientific underpinning of MRI technology and to help them better understand image features and improve their diagnosis and differential diagnosis by combining MRI characteristics with their knowledge of pathology and neurology.

Summary: This article will help neurologists deepen their knowledge and understanding of MRI by introducing the basics of MRI physics, technology, image acquisition, protocols, and image interpretation.
The Oil Paradox and the Labor Theory of Value
Authors: Caffentzis George
Published: October 2016

After a short historical and conceptual introduction to the labor theory of value (LTV), it is noted that the oil industry presents a paradox to the LTV. How is it that oil companies employ relatively few workers and invest in a relatively large amount of machinery and still are the largest and most profitable companies on the planet? It should be otherwise if the LTV were true. The rest of the article is devoted to showing how Marx modified the LTV to resolve the paradox and to account for the peculiar role that the oil industry plays in contemporary capitalism.
Ecdysone signaling induces two phases of cell cycle exit inDrosophilacells
Authors: Guo Yongfeng , Flegel Kerry , Kumar Jayashree , McKay Daniel J. , Buttitta Laura A.
Published: October 2016

During development, cell proliferation and differentiation must be tightly coordinated to ensure proper tissue morphogenesis. Because steroid hormones are central regulators of developmental timing, understanding the links between steroid hormone signaling and cell proliferation is crucial to understanding the molecular basis of morphogenesis. Here we examined the mechanism by which the steroid hormone ecdysone regulates the cell cycle in Drosophila. We find that a cell cycle arrest induced by ecdysone in Drosophila cell culture is analogous to a G2 cell cycle arrest observed in the early pupa wing. We show that in the wing, ecdysone signaling at the larva-to-puparium transition induces Broad which in turn represses the cdc25c phosphatase String. The repression of String generates a temporary G2 arrest that synchronizes the cell cycle in the wing epithelium during early pupa wing elongation and flattening. As ecdysone levels decline after the larva-to-puparium pulse during early metamorphosis, Broad expression plummets, allowing String to become re-activated, which promotes rapid G2/M progression and a subsequent synchronized final cell cycle in the wing. In this manner, pulses of ecdysone can both synchronize the final cell cycle and promote the coordinated acquisition of terminal differentiation characteristics in the wing.
Cytokinin response factors integrate auxin and cytokinin pathways for female reproductive organ development
Authors: Cucinotta Mara , Manrique Silvia , Guazzotti Andrea , Quadrelli Nadia E. , Mendes Marta A. , Benkova Eva , Colombo Lucia
Published: October 2016

The developmental programme of the pistil is under the control of both auxin and cytokinin. Crosstalk between these factors converges on regulation of the auxin carrier PIN-FORMED 1 (PIN1). Here, we show that in the triple transcription factor mutant cytokinin response factor 2 (crf2) crf3 crf6 both pistil length and ovule number were reduced. PIN1 expression was also lower in the triple mutant and the phenotypes could not be rescued by exogenous cytokinin application. pin1 complementation studies using genomic PIN1 constructs showed that the pistil phenotypes were only rescued when the PCRE1 domain, to which CRFs bind, was present. Without this domain, pin mutants resemble the crf2 crf3 crf6 triple mutant, indicating the pivotal role of CRFs in auxin-cytokinin crosstalk.
Drosophila vinculin is more harmful when hyperactive than absent, and can circumvent integrin to form adhesion complexes
Authors: Maartens Aidan P. , Wellmann Jutta , Wictome Emma , Klapholz Benjamin , Green Hannah , Brown Nicholas H.
Published: October 2016

Vinculin is a highly conserved protein involved in cell adhesion and mechanotransduction, and both gain and loss of its activity causes defective cell behaviour. Here, we examine how altering vinculin activity perturbs integrin function within the context of Drosophila development. Whereas loss of vinculin produced relatively minor phenotypes, gain of vinculin activity, through a loss of head–tail autoinhibition, caused lethality. The minimal domain capable of inducing lethality is the talin-binding D1 domain, and this appears to require talin-binding activity, as lethality was suppressed by competition with single vinculin-binding sites from talin. Activated Drosophila vinculin triggered the formation of cytoplasmic adhesion complexes through the rod of talin, but independently of integrin. These complexes contain a subset of adhesion proteins but no longer link the membrane to actin. The negative effects of hyperactive vinculin were segregated into morphogenetic defects caused by its whole head domain and lethality caused by its D1 domain. These findings demonstrate the crucial importance of the tight control of the activity of vinculin.
Atg20- and Atg24-family proteins promote organelle autophagy in fission yeast
Authors: Zhao Dan , Liu Xiao-Man , Yu Zhong-Qiu , Sun Ling-Ling , Xiong Xingchuang , Dong Meng-Qiu , Du Li-Lin
Published: October 2016

Autophagy cargos include not only soluble cytosolic materials but also bulky organelles, such as ER and mitochondria. In budding yeast, two proteins that contain the PX domain and the BAR domain, Atg20 and Atg24 (also known as Snx42 and Snx4, respectively) are required for organelle autophagy and contribute to general autophagy in a way that can be masked by compensatory mechanisms. It remains unclear why these proteins are important for organelle autophagy. Here, we show that in a distantly related fungal organism, the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, autophagy of ER and mitochondria is induced by nitrogen starvation and is promoted by three Atg20- and Atg24-family proteins – Atg20, Atg24 and SPBC1711.11 (named here as Atg24b). These proteins localize at the pre-autophagosomal structure, or phagophore assembly site (PAS), during starvation. S. pombe Atg24 forms a homo-oligomer and acts redundantly with Atg20 and Atg24b, and the latter two proteins can form a hetero-oligomer. The organelle autophagy defect caused by the loss of these proteins is associated with a reduction of autophagosome size and a decrease in Atg8 accumulation at the PAS. These results provide new insights into the autophagic function of Atg20- and Atg24-family proteins.
Simple and adaptable R implementation of WHO/ISH cardiovascular risk charts for all epidemiological subregions of the world
Authors: Collins Dylan , Lee Joseph , Bobrovitz Niklas , Koshiaris Constantinos , Ward Alison , Heneghan Carl J.
Published: October 2016

The World Health Organisation and International Society of Hypertension (WHO/ISH) cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk assessment charts have been implemented in many low- and middle-income countries as part of the WHO Package of Essential Non-Communicable Disease (PEN) Interventions for Primary Health Care in Low-Resource settings. Evaluation of the WHO/ISH cardiovascular risk charts and their use is a key priority and since they only exist in paper or PDF formats, we developed a simple R implementation of the charts for all epidemiological subregions of the world. The main strengths of this implementation are that it is built in a free, open-source, coding language with simple syntax, can be modified by the user, and can be used with a standard computer.
INVESTIGATION OF TRANSFER RATIO FOR DAMPFER WITH DOUBLE LAYER POROUS RING
Authors: Мукутадзе Александр , Mukutadze Aleksandr
Published: October 2016

In the paper on the basis of Darcy equations defining a lubricant flow in porous layers and modified Reynolds equation is solved a problem of unsteady flow of viscous incompressible lubricant in the gap of a doublelayer porous damper. A case is considered when permeability in porous layers changes according to a normal low, and a combined feed of lubricant is carried out simultaneously in axial and radial directions. As a result of the solution of the problem specified there is found a field of pressures in porous layers and a lubrication layer, there are also obtained analytical dependences for efforts in an oil film, a module of unbalance transmitted force and also stationary and transitional transfer ratios are determined. It is proved that the combined lubricant feed a damper functions more stably, than at a separate axial and radial its feed. The obtained specified calculated models allowed determining the efficiency of additional factors account, and also carrying out a comparative analysis of results newly obtained and already available that defined a larger proximity of a new model to real practice.
INVESTIGATION OF VIBROACOUSTIC CHARACTERISTICS OF GAS-PUMPING UNITS OF GTK-10-4 TYPE
Authors: Дроконов Алексей , Drokonov Aleksey , Дроконов Алексей , Drokonov Aleksey
Published: October 2016

The investigation of vibroacoustic characteristic of gas-pumping units of GTK-10-4 type.

Power units improvement, as a rule, results in the decrease of units steel intensity and under conditions of the increase of airgas flows and facilities developed it causes a growth of vibroacoustic activity of plants elements.

Taking into account this factor, it is necessary to develop measures to reduce noise and vibrations in sources of their origin at the design elaboration both at the stage of design, and at the stage of reengineering. With this purpose there are carried out the investigations of noise and vibration characteristics of a gaspumping unit of GTK-10-4 type equipped with a sta-tionary gas-turbine unit with a capacity of 10 MWt and a natural gas supercharger of 520-12-1 type manufactured by NZL.

The noise and vibration sources of impeller ma-chines are studied, their vibroacoustic characteristics are analyzed, and the methods to reduce vibroacoustic activity of gas-pumping units of such a type operating at compressor stations of trunk pipelines are offered.
DEVELOPMENT OF SPECIALIZED MODULES OF DESIGN PREPARATION FOR ORDER FORMATION OF VOLUMETRIC HYDRAULIC DRIVE
Authors: Козленков Александр , Kozlenkov Aleksandr , Аверченков Андрей , Averchenkov Andrey , Орехов Дмитрий , Orekhov Dmitriy
Published: October 2016

This paper reports the consideration of problems in the automation of an application formation for the design of a hydraulic drive and further automation of the design preparation of production.

The matter concerns the problems in the formation of an application for designing hydraulic equipment which arise mainly in small-scale and medium companies. The process of an application formation at the “Borox-Hydraulic” is under consideration before the appearance of specialized modules and after their occurrence. A database of all basic elements of a volumetric hydraulic drive is under development for the selection of optimum elements a method of analytical hierarchies is used.

The methods offered modules developed are applicable at small-scale enterprises engaged in repair and manufacturing hydraulic equipment. The application of modules developed reduces considerably the process of an application workup, and the libraries developed of elements allow a designer to create easily new products. With the aid of analytical hierarchies one chooses optimum elements which could be selected from the list of the most essential ones and use at the development of new equipment.
INCREASE IN PRODUCTION RESOURCE OF TOOLS FOR AUTOMATED TECHNOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Шептунов Сергей , Sheptunov Sergey , Логвин Владимир , Logvin Vladimir
Published: October 2016

The formation of wear areas on a tool changes power-, temperature and also accuracy quality charac-teristics of a treatment process. The distribution of al-lowance between technological transitions at the use of automated equipment brings the conditions of a cutting process closer to semifinish or finish ones that contributes to control effectively technological heredity. Work surface wear can be estimated through the time τ of a cutting process duration or through the length L of the way in the direction of cutting motion which allows predicting the increase in machining effectiveness based on a rational use of cutters properties. Breakingin and steady wear at rotary cutting increase because of the increase of a cutting edge extension. The application of plasma nano-technologies in material treatment in a glow discharge in controlled gaseous medium allows carrying out changes in the structure on the surface of tools reducing the period of tool breakingin and increasing a steady wear period because of the boundary layer reduction and grinding a source material grain for a specified depth of 0.2…03 mm, that is, commensurable with an optimum bevel edge of tool wear. Tools with continuous single renewal of a cutting edge at optimum wear can realize large ways of cutting L or time τ of a cutting process to carry out a travel of any size.
SHAPING ERROR OF SOLIDS OF REVOLUTION AT USE OF RAPID PROTOTYPING TECHNOLOGIES
Authors: Ларионов Максим , Larionov Maksim , Куликов Михаил , Kulikov Mikhail , Гусев Денис , Gusev Denis
Published: October 2016

The purpose of the work was the study of error appearance in cylindrical surfaces at prototyping. To achieve the purposed specified there were developed sketches of parts of “cylinder” type. On the basis of the sketches there were created 3D computer models in the CAD medium. Cylinder growth took place at an angle of 90° to a basic surface of a working platform with a pitch of a platform z=50 mkm at the thickness of a layer hc=0.005 mkm. Among basic requirements made for cylinders under investigations consist in circularity and cylindrical shape and also surface layer quality according to an arithmetic mean of Ra. Parts were typed according to the technology of quick prototyping (Rapid Prototyping - RP) – Direct Light Projection – DLP of hightemperature resin.

To obtain data calculated there was used a simulator of A.I. Grabchenko which underwent some changes and was used for the technology of DLP rapid prototyping. For more accurate and deep investigations a coordinate measuring Metris LKV machine for the elevation of a surface layer quality was used.

It is evident from the results presented that at empirical investigations of a cylindrical surface grown according to the technology of DLP rapid prototyping and at the computation of shaping error the results convergence makes 96.6.3%.
METHODOLOGICAL FUNDMENTALS IN PARAMETERS STANDARDIZATION OF MACHINE-TOOLS GEOMETRICAL ACCURACY
Authors: Аникеева Олеся , Anikeeva Olesya
Published: October 2016

Machinetools belong to the basic technological equipment in mechanical engineering ensuring the creation of other machines with high accuracy and productivity unattainable in coming decades on the basis of additive techniques. Machining accuracy on machinetools is an integral index of quality and despite the diversity of approaches to the identification of correla-tions, computations and estimates of machining accuracy, the value of a general error seems to be as a sum of partial errors. A significant part in the formation of a general error of machining cause machinetools them-selves. Besides, a significant role in assurance of guaranties for machinetools users (operators) the standards for their geometrical accuracy play. A significant problem having scientific and practical meaning is the absence of a single approach substantiated scientifically to the formation of a system of such standards both for machine-tools of new types, and for the revision of the system with actual standards on geometrical accuracy of machinetools. In the paper there are offered methodological fundamentals for the parameters standardization of machine-tools geometrical accuracy on the basis of revealed interrelations between accuracy of units and parts surfaces machined at the use of a variational method for the computation of machines accuracy. The practical use of the approach offered requires both the development of the variational method itself for the computation of machines accuracy in the field of obtaining corresponding estimates of accuracy of various surfaces machined, for example, deviations from parallelism of two faces and others, and thorough investigations of the structure of relationship equations themselves.
ANALYSIS OF MOTIVATIONAL MECHANISM AS ELEMENT IN TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESS QUALITY MANAGEMENT BY INFLUENCE UPON HUMAN ELEMENT
Authors: Прокопец Анатолий , Prokopets Anatoliy , Прокопец Татьяна , Prokopets Tatyana
Published: October 2016

The purpose of researches was an analysis of a motivational mechanism as an element of quality management in a technological process by means of the influence upon human element. To achieve a purpose set there were solved the following problems: - the analysis of basic factors defining techno-logical process quality was carried out (taking into ac-count human element influence upon a production process); - the influence of a motivational mechanism upon quality of a production process of vibromechanical treatment of parts. On the basis of work results there were offered additional professional competences of a processing engineer and an operator of metal-working machinery. The model of a compensating simulation of the mechanism for workers motivation is developed and a formula for its definition is offered. Key words: quality management, technological process, human element, motivational mechanism, vibromechanical treatment, compensating simulation.
INVESTIGATIONS OF COST-EFFECTIVENESS IN REMOTE SENSING APPLICATION BASED ON PILOTLESS AVIATION SYSTEMS FOR MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING TOWN NEEDS
Authors: Залецкий Александр , Zaletskiy Aleksandr , Флоров Алексей , Florov Aleksey , Урванцев Роман , Urvantsev Roman
Published: October 2016

In the paper is considered a possibility of remote sensing application on the basis of pilotless aviation systems for management and monitoring needs and the substantiation of costeffectiveness of these measures. The investigation is based on the own long-term skill of practical operation of Supercam pilotless air-survey complexes and also on the analysis of mar-ket and cases with the successful use of results of the Earth pilotless remote sensing for town needs. A current market of the Earth pilotless remote sensing in Russia, suppliers and consumers of this service are analyzed. Besides, in this paper are considered kinds of payload specified for a pilotless vehicle (PV) for the Earth remote sensing, potentialities of modern systems. There is carried a computation of costs for the formation of a data support department of remote sensing with PV and assurance of its functioning in the course of a year for needs of a municipal district. An example of the successful use of pilotless aerial photography for the needs of the Zvenigorod municipal formation. The cost-effectiveness of new technology introduction is proved. The data advantages of the Earth remote sensing with high resolution for effective management so-lution-making in municipal formations are shown.
METHODOLOGY IN DEFINITION OF CONROD BEARINGS LIFE OF HEAT-ENGINE
Authors: Леванов Игорь , Levanov Igor , Задорожная Елена , Zadorozhnaya Elena , Дудников Артём , Dudnikov Artem
Published: October 2016

The paper reports the sequence of the definition of bearings resource in a crank gear of heatengines. A brief description is given regarding the procedure for the computation of bearing hydromechanical properties in terms of hydrodynamic theory of lubrication and that of the procedure for the definition of an area of contact interaction. The input equations for the computation of dynamics and lubrication are: the equation for the field of hydrodynamic pressures in a lubrication layer separating random loaded surfaces (Reynolds equation); the equations set of plane motion of a shaft journal center; the heatbalance equation manifesting the equality of heat values mean in a cycle of load disseminated in a lubrication layer of a bearing and heat removed by lubricant flowing out in its faces. The procedure for the determination of an area of a contact interaction is developed in accordance with a molecular-mechanical theory of friction and a fatigue theory of wear according to I.V. Kragelsky. The extension of the area of a contact interaction (an area of the violation of a hydrodynamic mode of lubrication) in a slider bearing was defined in terms of the computation of the de-pendence of a minimum thickness in a lubrication layer of a bearing of a connecting rod upper head upon a rotation angle of a crankshaft. At the same time there were taken into account: the non-Newton’s properties of a lubricant; the presence of oil feeding sources on friction surfaces; possible deviations of friction surfaces from a regular form. The procedures presented at the given stage can be used for a comparative assessment of tribocouplings life in heatengines at an initial stage of designing.
Hubungan antara Status Nutrisi dengan Derajat Keparahan Pneumonia pada Pasien Anak di RSUP Sanglah
Authors: Artawan Artawan , Purniti Putu Siadi , Sidiartha I G Lanang
Published: October 2016

Latar belakang. Pneumonia masih menjadi masalah kesehatan global, khususnya di negara berkembang. Morbiditas dan mortalitasakibat pneumonia cukup tinggi pada anak berusia di bawah 5 tahun.Tujuan. Mencari hubungan status gizi dengan derajat keparahan pasein pneumonia anak yang dirawat di RSUP SanglahMetode. Penelitian cross sectional yang dilakukan di Sub-Bagian Respirologi Bagian/ SMF Ilmu Kesehatan Anak FK UNUD/ RSUPSanglah pada bulan Januari sampai dengan Desember 2014Hasil. Total subyek adalah 114 dengan laki-laki lebih banyak dibanding perempuan (58,8% vs 41,2%). Usia yang paling sering 0-6bulan 35,1% dengan status nutrisi baik 56,11%, diagnosis yang paling banyak adalah pneumonia berat 76,3%. Analisis bivariatmenunjukan terdapat hubungan antara status gizi dengan derajat keparahan pneumonia, dengan nilai p=0,02 dan PR IK95% 2,176(1,094 s/d 4,329).Kesimpulan. Terdapat hubungan antara status gizi dengan derajat keparahan pneumonia pada anak.
Skrining Stres Pascatrauma pada Remaja dengan Menggunakan Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Reaction Index
Authors: Irawan Putu Dian Savitri , Soetjiningsih Soetjiningsih , Windiani IGA Trisna , Adnyana I Gst Ag Sugitha , Ardjana IGA Endah
Published: October 2016

Latar belakang. Stres pascatrauma (post traumatic stress disorder atau PTSD) merupakan suatu gangguan psikiatri fungsi sosial seseorang.Universitas California Los Angeles (UCLA) mengembangkan serangkaian self-report kuesioner yang disebut PTSD Reaction Index(PTSD-RI) untuk deteksi dini gangguan tersebut. Namun, kuesioner tersebut belum pernah digunakan di Indonesia.Tujuan. Mengetahui reliabilitas instrumen post traumatic stress disoder reaction index (PTSD-RI) versi remaja, prevalensi, serta faktoryang berhubungan dengan PTSD.Metode. Penelitian potong lintang dilaksanakan di enam SMUN di Denpasar. Digunakan kuesioner PTSD-RI versi remaja yangtelah diterjemahkan ke dalam Bahasa Indonesia. Digunakan uji α Cronbach untuk menilai reliabilitas PTSD-RI. Analisis statistikmenggunakan uji chi-square dan multivariat regresi logistik.Hasil. Terdapat 300 pelajar SMUN yang mengikuti penelitian. Enam puluh orang (20%) dengan tersangka PTSD. ReliabilitasPTSD-RI baik (koefisien α 0,94). Tipe kepribadian tertutup sebagai faktor risiko PTSD [RP 3,55 (IK95% 1,46-8,66), p=0,01].Keluarga yang harmonis [RP 0,35 (IK95% 0,08-0,78), p=0,02], adanya dukungan keluarga [RP 0,13 (IK95% 0,03-0,50), p=0,01],adanya dukungan sosial [RP 0,25 (IK95% 0,09-0,68), p=0,01], serta trauma tunggal [RP 0,02 (IK95% 0,14- 0,82), p=0,01] berperansebagai faktor protektif PTSD.Kesimpulan. Instrumen PTSD-RI memiliki reliabilitas yang baik sehingga dapat digunakan di Indonesia. Prevalensi PTSD padaremaja di Denpasar sebesar 20%.