bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nouvel appareil pour l'enregistrement automatique des courbes pondérales de déshydratation et application de cette méthode à la résolution de la nature des liaisons de l'eau dans les minéraux
Authors: Feodotiev K. M.
Published: November 2018

Description d'un appareil automatique d'enregistrement des courbes de perte de poids, avec un régime isotherme pendant la variation du poids de l'échantillon étudié.

Comme exemple, on décrit les courbes de perte de poids observées avec le kaolin. la biotite, la muscovite, l'épidote et l'hydromuscovite. Pour ce dernier minéral, on a pu déterminer l'eau absorbée, l'ion oxonium et l'ion hydroxyle.
Découverte d'hydrocalumite et afwillite associées à l'ettringite dans les porcélanites de Boisséjour près Ceyrat (Puy-de-Dôme)
Authors: Grünhagen H. , Mergoil-Daniel Juliette
Published: November 2018

Ein neues Vorkommen — das erste in Frankreich — der seltenen Minerale Ettringit, Hydrocalumite und Afwillit wird beschrieben.

Die kristallographischen, physikalischen und optischen Daten sowie die d-Werte der drei Minerale werden mitgeteilt.

Die Hydrocalumitkristalle sind mit 1 cm Durchmesser die grössten, die bisher gefunden worden sind. Eine Besonderheit des Hydrocalumits ist sein beträchtlicher Chlorgehalt.

Aufgrund der Verwachsungen der Minerale untereinander konnte ihre Altersfolge festgelegt werden. Zuerst erscheint der Ettringit, darauf der Hydrocalumit und schliesslich der Afwillit.
Epitaxies de certains corps simples et composés obtenus en phase gazeuse à partir de leurs sels
Authors: Capella L.
Published: November 2018

Nous exposons une nouvelle méthode pour obtenir des dépôts épitaxiques, méthode basée sur la réduction ou la décomposition thermique en phase gazeuse d'un sel de la substance que l'on se propose d'orienter. Nous montrons l'application quasi générale de cette méthode en opérant sur plusieurs familles de sels.

A partir de la réduction de chlorures ou de nitrates, nous avons examiné l'orientation du cuivre, du nickel et du fer sur des clivages d'halogénures alcalins, de muscovite et de périclase.

Cette étude a été faite en fonction de la température du cristal-support et nous a permis :

— d'une part de retrouver, mais à des températures épitaxiales en général plus élevées, toutes les orientations de ces métaux déjà réalisées par projection thermique dans le vide sur les mêmes supports ;

— d'autre part d'obtenir dans la plupart des cas, une seconde orientation tournée de 45° par rapport à la première et que des considérations théoriques rendaient fort improbable.

Dans tous les exemples traités, où deux orientations se manifestaient, nous avons déterminé les domaines de températures du cristal-support propres à chaque type d'orientation.

Par réduction de leurs sulfures, nous avons pu réaliser l'orientation de l'arsenic, de l'antimoine et du bismuth de symétrie pseudo-cubique sur de nombreux supports en majorité cubiques et préciser la position de la maille pseudo-carré du plan d'accolement du cristal déposé par rapport aux axes quaternaires du plan p (001) du support.

Nous exposons ensuite un cas de réduction à savoir le sulfate d'argent, permettant d'obtenir simultanément sur un même support deux substances orientées.

Enfin nous donnons des exemples de décomposition thermique de sels conduisant soit à l'orientation d'un constituant, soit à l'orientation simultanée de deux constituants du sel en expérience.
Dosage par diffraction X de l'hématite dans les minerais de fer
Authors: Armbruster J. C.
Published: November 2018

La possibilité d'emploi de la méthode de l'étalon interne a été vérifiée pour le dosage de l'hématite dans la plupart des minerais de fer. L'utilisation de deux couples de raies permet un dosage plus sûr dans le cas de minerais complexes dont un constituant pourrait perturber certaines raies de l'hématite. Le mode opératoire est indiqué. La précision que l'on peut espérer est de 2 à 3 % en valeur absolue.
Les éclogites du Bas-Limousin, Massif Central français. Comportement des clino-pyroxènes et des plagioclases antérieurement à l'amphibolitisation
Authors: Santallier Danielle
Published: November 2018

Les éclogites du Bas-Limousin sont des témoins des phases précoces de haute pression du cycle Hercynien s.l. Elles ont été amphibolitisées au Dévonien à la suite de leur mise en place tectonique dans leur encaissant greywackeux actuel. Elles se répartissent en deux groupes. A l'Est, elles ont une composition de tholéiites soit indifférenciées (et sont alors essentiellement composées de grenat et d'omphacite), soit enrichies en plagioclases cumulatifs (le disthène et/ou la zoïsite font alors partie de la paragenèse éclogitique primaire). Les éclogites orientales ont subi une évolution rétrograde en deux stades distincts avec développement d'une première paragenèse anhydre, à diopside et oligoclase, dite de rétromorphose, puis d'une deuxième paragenèse hydratée qui correspond à l'amphibolitisation. A l'Ouest, la cristallisation de la paragenèse éclogitique primaire et sa déstabilisation au profit d'un assemblage rétrograde (à Cpx sodique et oligoclase) s'enchaînent en un processus continu à pression régulièrement décroissante avant l'amphibolitisation proprement dite.
Dispersion tectonique des éclogites de Vendée lors d'une collision continent-continent
Authors: Godard Gaston
Published: November 2018

Les éclogites de la région nantaise (Massif Armoricain, France) constitueraient les fragments d'une croûte océanique subductée à plus de 50 km de profondeur (T ≃ 700 °C ; P > 16 kbar) puis dispersée tectoniquement dans une croûte continentale méta-granitique lors d'une collision continent-continent rapportée à l'orogenèse hercynienne (sensu lato).
The petrogenesis of contrasting Fe-Ti and Mg-Cr garnet peridotite types in the high grade gneiss complex of Western Norway
Authors: Carswell Dennis A. , Harvey Martin A. , Al-Samman Azzam
Published: November 2018

L'accent est mis sur l'existence de deux types de péridotites à grenat de composition différente dans la région gneissique de l'Ouest de la Norvège. Le type Fe-Ti est formé de péridotites à grenat relativement ferrifères (olivines Fo67-82) avec une teneur remarquable en oxydes de Fe et de Ti. De nouvelles analyses de roche totale et de minéraux suggèrent que dans le complexe de Eiksunddal en Hareidlandet ces roches, comme les pyroxénites à grenat et les éclogites associées plus abondantes, se sont développées à partir d'un complexe stratifié intrusif formé initialement de cumulats de norite à olivine-péridotite de basse pression (< 10 kbar) peut-être génétiquement liés à la séquence ignée granite rapikiwi (gneiss œillé)-mangérite-anorthosite. Les gisements plus restreints de roches comparables à Raknestangen (Otrøy), Kolmannskog (région de Molde) et Lyngenes (région de Selje) ont probablement des origines semblables. En revanche, les péridotites à grenat riches en Mg-Cr (olivines Fo82-92) ont des teneurs particulièrement plus faibles en Ti et plus élevées en Cr et Mi et, comme les pyroxénites à grenat associées, sont sporadiquement préservées dans de grands massifs de péridotite de "type alpin" à olivine prépondérante (Fo93-95) issus du manteau. De nouvelles données sur un gisement de ces roches à Sandvik près de Gurskøy illustrent le développement d'une péridotite à grenat à partir d'une péridotite à pyroxènes et spinelle de haute température. Les trajectoires pression-température probables de l'évolution métamorphique des péridotites à grenat riches en Fe-Ti et des péridotites à grenat riches en Mg-Cr sont présentées et comparées. Il est fortement suggéré pour les deux types de péridotites à grenat que les paragenèses du faciès éclogite se sont formées dans un environnement infra-crustal sous des conditions pression-température similaires.
Petrology of garnet-clinopyroxene rocks in a granulite facies environment, Bohemian Massif of Lower Austria
Authors: Scharbert Heinz G. , Carswell Dennis A.
Published: November 2018

Whole rock and mineral analyses are presented for garnet-clinopyroxene rocks found intimately associated with possible mantle derived garnetiferous peridotite bodies in a high pressure granulite facies terrain. Although garnets are pyropic (48-76 % pyrope) these rocks are not true eclogites since their constituent clinopyroxenes are not omphacites but rather Al-augites or Cr-diopsides with AlIV/AlVI ratios, mostly > 1.0. Element partitioning considerations between garnet-clinopyroxene and clinopyroxene-orthopyroxene pairs are taken to indicate arrested equilibration under pressure-temperature conditions compatible with those previously deduced for the surrounding granulite facies rocks. However, mineral zoning profiles and exsolution textures clearly indicate that the current metamorphic mineral assemblages have formed in response to cooling from an earlier temperature (and pressure ?) maximum. It is considered that these garnet-clinopyroxene rocks may represent the partially recrystallised crystalline products of trapped upper mantle partial melts of olivine tholeiite to picrite composition in which highly aluminous pyroxenes were the dominant original phases formed on the liquidus. The present metamorphic character and lithological associations of such rocks may accordingly bear witness to deep-seated tectonic interactions between the upper mantle and lower continental crust during a profound compressional orogenic event.
Possible high-temperature origin of pyroxenite lenses within garnet peridotite, northern Italy
Authors: Morten Lauro , Obata Masaaki
Published: November 2018

A garnet websterite lens carrying pyroxene megacrysts with unmixing texture and a garnet clinopyroxenite lens are described from within the garnet peridotite body at Seefeld Aim, Ultimo valley, northern Italy. Texture, bulk rock and mineral chemical data suggest that the garnet pyroxenites resulted from exsolution and recrystallization from originally monomineralic pyroxenite that consisted of aluminous and subcalcic clinopyroxenes and small amount of probable silicate melt. From extremely high temperatures of crystallization, that is, > 1 450 °C as inferred from the pre-exsolution composition of the pyroxene megacrysts, it was suggested that the primary pyroxenes were igneous precipitates from a magma that had injected into a solid peridotite probably in the upper mande.
Synthesis of α-D-GalpN3-(1-3)-D-GalpN3: α- and 3-O-selectivity using 3,4-diol acceptors
Authors: Glibstrup Emil , Pedersen Christian Marcus
Published: November 2018

The motif α-D-GalpNAc-(1-3)-D-GalpNAc is very common in Nature and hence its synthesis highly relevant. The synthesis of its azido precursor has been studied and optimized in terms of steps, yields and selectivity. It has been found that glycosylation of the 3,4-diol acceptor is an advantage over the use of a 4-O-protected acceptor and that both regio- and anomeric selectivity is enhanced by bulky 6-O-protective groups. The acceptors and donors are made from common building blocks, limiting protective manipulations, and in this context, unavoidable side reactions.
Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in AIDS and non-AIDS immunocompromised patients – an update
Authors: Lee Yuan-Ti , Chuang Ming-Lung
Published: November 2018

Introduction: Pneumocystis jirovecii (PJ) pneumonia (PJP) is an important opportunistic infection affecting various types of immunocompromised patients and is associated with an increased risk of mortality. PJ is a unique fungal pathogen which is increasingly common and maybe associated with a higher mortality rate in patients without AIDS. We present the characteristics of PJP, diagnosis, and treatment outcomes between AIDS and non-AIDS patients.

Methodology: We conducted a review of studies of AIDS and non-AIDS patients with PJP using PubMed to search for studies until December 2017.

Results: The annual incidence of AIDS-PJP decreased from 13.4 to 3.3 per 1000 person-years in industrialized countries, while the incidence of non-AIDS-PJP varied widely. Both groups had similar clinical manifestations and radiological features, but the non-AIDS-PJP group potentially had a more fulminant course, more diffuse ground glass opacities, and fewer cystic lesions. The mortality rate decreased in the AIDS-PJP group after the advent of antiretroviral therapy; however, the mortality rate remained high in both groups. A laboratory diagnosis was usually nonspecific; CD4+ T-cell < 200 cells/mL or < 14% favored AIDS-PJP. Serum 1,3-β-D-glucan (BDG) had a high diagnostic odds ratio. Combining BDG and lactic dehydrogenase improved the diagnosis of AIDS-PJP. Histopathological staining and polymerase chain reactions could not discriminate infection from colonization when the result was positive. The use of antibiotics, prophylaxis, and adjunctive corticosteroids was controversial.

Conclusions: Early diagnosis and treatment can be achieved through vigilance, thereby improving the survival rate for PJP in immunocompromised patients.
Two new species of Satsuma A. Adams, 1868 from Taiwan (Pulmonata, Camaenidae)
Authors: Hwang Chung-Chi , Wu Shu-Ping
Published: November 2018

Two new sinistral species of the genusSatsumaA. Adams, 1868,Satsumasquamigerasp. n.andSatsumaadiriensissp. n., from southern Taiwan are described.Satsumasquamigerasp. n.is characterized by a microsculpture comprising coarse, irregularly-spaced ridges and dense, easily-dislodged triangular scales on its sinistral shell, an angulated periphery, and partly-opened umbilicus. This species inhabits secondary forests in lowland hills.Satsumaadiriensissp. n.is characterized by a thin, fragile smooth shell with microsculpture of coarse, loose ridges, a rounded periphery, completely-opened umbilicus, and elongated penial verge formed by two main pilasters. This new species was collected in a mountainous, mid-elevation, broad-leafed forest.
Description of a new species of Dacus from Sri Lanka, and new country distribution records (Diptera, Tephritidae, Dacinae)
Authors: Leblanc Luc , Doorenweerd Camiel , San Jose Michael , Sirisena U.G.A.I. , Hemachandra K.S. , Rubinoff Daniel
Published: November 2018

A fruit fly survey in the Sinharaja and Knuckles National Parks in Sri Lanka (2016), using traps baited with the male lures methyl eugenol, cue-lure, and zingerone, yielded 21 species of Dacini fruit flies. Of these, three species, viz.BactroceraamarambalensisDrew,B.dongnaiaeDrew & Romig, andB.rubigina(Wang & Zhao), are new country occurrence records, and Dacus (Mellesis) ancoralis Leblanc & Doorenweerd,sp. n.is described as a new species. The Sri Lankan Dacini fruit fly fauna is now comprised of 39 species.
Une clinique du colonial : panser les après-coups
Authors: Feldman Marion , Mansouri Malika
Published: November 2018

Cet article traite du vécu des enfants et des adolescents réunionnais qui ont été transplantés en métropole entre 1963 et 1984, afin de servir le projet politique mené par Michel Debré. Cet exil forcé s’est appuyé sur les institutions, dont celle de la protection de l’enfance de l’époque : l’Assistance publique puis la ddass . En prenant appui sur deux récits recueillis parmi les treize entretiens de recherche qui ont été menés, l’article montre, d’une part, la particularité de ces vécus constitués de traumatismes cumulatifs, qui se sont potentiellement transmis à la descendance, d’autre part, le fait que ces traumatismes adviennent comme des après-coups des traumatismes vécus par leurs ascendants, dont les histoires sont marquées par la colonisation et l’esclavage. La clinique est ainsi interrogée. En effet, au regard de l’histoire si singulière de ces vécus, pour proposer un soin approprié, il semble nécessaire de prendre en compte les éléments de l’histoire individuelle articulés aux ingrédients qui constituent l’histoire collective de l’île de La Réunion, ainsi que celle de l’institution de la protection de l’enfance.
La question du voile dans la relation soignants-soignés
Authors: Kèchkèche Malika
Published: November 2018

Alors que l’institution le considère seulement comme un critère de respect de la laïcité, le voile renvoie à chacun de nous des représentations qui lui sont propres autour de l’identité sexuelle, de la castration et de l’aliénation. Le thérapeute comme le sujet questionnent, dans leur intersubjectivité, l’étoffe qui cache pour montrer ce qui ne peut être vu : l’innommable, le pulsionnel, le traumatisme, l’omnipotence.
Transfert et liens de sang
Authors: Gendre-Dusuzeau Sylvette
Published: November 2018

Dans une problématique de deuil sévère, comment un événement concernant l’analyste favorise la réapparition de la pulsion de vie.
Complexe d’Œdipe et transmission
Authors: Athanassiou-Popesco Cléopâtre
Published: November 2018

L’auteur étudie l’empêchement à l’installation d’une problématique œdipienne chez une patiente dont la mère a un passé incestueux. Le poids des projections maternelles pèse sur l’enfant qui mêle ses propres fantasmes aux réalisations incestueuses de la mère. L’enfant se sent alors opprimée par l’injonction maternelle inconsciente de porter un secret qui n’est pas le sien, ce qui a des répercussions sur l’utilisation de ses capacités de penser.
La première femme
Authors: Peterson Michel
Published: November 2018

Il s’agirait ici de penser, à l’occasion du dépliage de quelques fragments d’une courte analyse, un lien déliant qui noue psychose et violence organisée dans certaines de ses modalités. L’histoire de cette jeune femme donnerait à entendre – à travers son histoire traumatique et forclose, soit le génocide amérindien – les intensités, les flux et les devenirs des nouages mouvants du sujet dans son rapport aux micropolitiques qui le traversent. Les discontinuités catastrophiques qui jalonnent la survie du peuple de ses ancêtres agissent au niveau des pulsions destructrices avec une telle violence qu’elles froissent de manière anarchique les plis de sa psyché.
Des sourds et des signes à l’écran
Authors: Clouard Chantal
Published: November 2018

Si le cinéma véhicule les codes culturels d’une société, il revêt une valeur heuristique pour représenter les phénomènes psychologiques. Il permet de montrer l’éveil pulsionnel et la sensualité de manière métaphorique et efficace, difficilement représentable autrement. Quelles relations les adolescents sourds ont-ils avec le cinéma ? Il n’est pas certain qu’ils s’y retrouvent, disposant encore de peu de supports identificatoires ou de personnages discernables. On ne saurait cependant ni en décider, ni les assigner à la catégorie du handicap, car le devenir-sujet doit emprunter des voies à chacun singulières. La surdité du fait de ses particularités oblige à la considérer autrement que sous le seul abord déficitaire, puisque le handicap peut trouver des voies de dépassement originales qu’offrent la langue des signes ou des modalités inédites à construire individuellement et collectivement. Elle interroge fondamentalement les catégories de la pensée, la transparence des discours, l’implicite au cœur des langues, la langue maternelle qui n’est pas une mais plurielle, les racines sémiotiques autant que symboliques du langage. Nous avancerons l’idée, par analogie avec le scénario de Babel , que la problématique de la surdité, au-delà de sa spécificité, est capable de produire une onde de choc dans nos représentations sociales et dans la pratique analytique.
Straight from the horse’s mouth: understanding professional event riders’ mental preparation for maximising self-confidence prior to competition using thematic analysis
Authors: McGinn S. , Alcock D. , Cameron L.J.
Published: November 2018

High self-confidence or sport-confidence has been defined as a key psychological characteristic required by elite athletes, promoting optimal performance and helping manage competitive anxiety. Investigations have demonstrated that a mix of psychological interventions such as self-talk, goal setting, imagery, pre-performance routines and relaxation techniques are used by elite athletes as coping strategies. To date, most of this research has been carried out on collegiate athletes across a variety of sports but with limited research attention on equestrian sports. This study, using semi-structured interviews, explored five professional event riders’ experiences of psychological interventions used leading up to and during elite level international competition. Thematic analysis identified two meta-themes; Planning and Preparation, Arousal and Distraction Management. The riders outlined the importance of goal-setting, managing time and pre-performance routines as part of planning and preparation. They discussed the use of interventions such as self-talk and imagery in managing arousal levels with support teams playing a key role in distraction management. The findings from this study support previous research, suggesting that these riders have similar approaches to other non-equestrian athletes in their use of a combination of coping strategies to manage competition anxiety and build self-confidence.
Diapause disruption in Cirina butyrospermi Vuillet (Lepidoptera, Attacidae), the shea caterpillar, in Burkina Faso
Authors: Bama H.B. , Dabire R.A. , Ouattara D. , Niassy S. , Ba M.N. , Dakouo D.
Published: November 2018

The shea caterpillar Cirina butyrospermi is an important insect, highly valued as a human food item in Burkina Faso. However, its appearance is seasonal due to its univoltine cycle. This study therefore investigated the possibilities of breaking the nymphal diapause by changing the environmental factors and through the hormonal treatment of prepupae and pupae using bovine insulin and 20-hydroxyecdysone. Changes in humidity and temperature did not result in emergence, suggesting a mandatory nature of the diapause in C. butyrospermi. Injection of 20-hydroxyecdysone between 20 and 40 ng on 20 C. butyrospermi pupae resulted in 15.24 and 47.5% emergence, respectively. The incubation time varied between 40 and 38 days, respectively. No emergence was observed with the injection of bovine insulin. Dipping of C. butyrospermi larvae and pupae in solutions of 20-hydroxyecdysone resulted in similar rates of emergence between the two stages, with slight variations between individual doses: (1) for larvae, emergence was recorded at 10, 8, 5 and 15 mg/l with 98.5, 62.14, 25.73 and 24.16%, respectively; the incubation times varied from 39 days at 5 mg/l to 26 days at 20 mg/l; and (2) for pupae, emergence occurred between 5 and 20 mg/l, with the highest emergence rate recorded at 10, 8 and 15 mg/l with 94.58, 65.83 and 29.58%, respectively; the incubation times varied from 53 days for the lowest dose (5 mg/l) to 37 days (20 mg/l); the best emergence rate of 94.58% coincided with an incubation time of 43 days at 10 mg/l. No emergence was observed beyond 20 mg/l in both stages. Hormonal treatment with 20-hydroxyecdysone did not affect the fecundity of C. butyrospermi, with the fecundity of artificially emerging adults overlapping with that of naturally emerging adults. The emergence rate for both was similar. These results contribute to a better understanding of the physiology of this insect, constituting a breakthrough in its sustainable use as human food.
Pautas migratorias de los mayores en España
Authors: Puga Dolores
Published: November 2018

En una sociedad envejecida como la española, los comportamientos de las personas de edad cobran una creciente importancia. Este artículo centra su interés en los movimientos migratorios de las personas mayores, y en concreto, en la intensidad y calendario de los mismos. Tras los 55 años una sexta parte de los mayores realiza al menos un movimiento migratorio; y lo hace, o bien en el mismo año en que se jubila (o se jubila su cónyuge), o bien con posterioridad a los 75 años como estrategia para afrontar nuevas necesidades.
La violencia bullying en las relaciones de género entre escolares de Navarra
Authors: Hernández de Frutos Teodoro
Published: November 2018

El presente artículo da cuenta de una investigación realizada en Navarra sobre el fenómeno de la violencia bullying en estudiantes de la ESO en edades comprendidas entre los 12 y los 16 años, encargada por el Instituto Navarro de la Mujer. Este tipo de agresividad se caracteriza principalmente por ser repetitivo a través del tiempo y a través del mismo agresor y agredido. Además se midieron las relaciones de género dentro del ámbito general de relación entre chicos y chicas, así como las diferenciadas fornias de actuar con violencia bullying de unos y otras. Los resultados revelan que estamos ante un hecho que, lejos de desaparecer, todavía es una práctica importante en la vida cotidiana de los centros escolares en Navarra, cuya resolución no supone una manera uniforme de actuar por parte de profesores, y que se produce en lo que se denomina curriculum oculto
Factor étnico y conocimiento antropológico
Authors: Sanchez-Perez Francisco
Published: November 2018

En este artículo, el autor analiza determinadas prácticas en el colectivo de profesionales de la antropología, centrando su atención en el despliegue de estrategias que responden a la necesidad que tienen los antropólogos de articular el plano normativo de la disciplina con factores determinantes de carácter sociológico, como son el factor étnico o la condición central o periférica de los mismos. Partiendo del marco problemático de las tradicionales relaciones asimétricas mantenidas hasta nuestros días entre los centros metropolitanos de producción de conocimiento teórico y los centros receptores del mismo, el autor propone la búsqueda de explicaciones a dicha problemática, no sólo en el ámbito de la reflexión política, como generalmente se ha venido haciendo, sino también en los de la epistemología y la sociología del conocimento.
Dinámicas del empobrecimiento desde la perspectiva de género
Authors: Mateo Pérez Miguel Ángel , Espinar Ruiz Eva
Published: November 2018

El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar el empobrecimiento en quince países del ámbito de la OCDE desde una perspectiva dinámica (década de los ochenta y de los noventa) y utilizando la perspectiva de género mediante la comparación de datos extraídos de las bases de datos del Luxembourg Income Study. Con los datos sobre pobreza en los ochenta y los noventa, y una vez establecidos las diferencias de género (en pobreza, transferencias sociales y en ingresos monetarios procedentes del mercado, entre otras), se plantean diferentes modelos que explican el empobrecimiento general en cada década desde la perspectiva de género. Se concluye con unas consideraciones en las cuales se muestran las dinámicas estructurales del empobrecimiento a lo largo del tiempo.
Globalizacion, centro y fronteras simbólicas en la teoría sobre la sociedad contemporánea
Authors: Larana Enrique
Published: November 2018

Este trabajo analiza algunas implicaciones del proceso de globalización de las sociedades occidentales desde una perspectiva constructivista y sostiene que la magnitud de los cambios generados por ese proceso requiere una revisión en profundidad de la teoría sobre la sociedad moderna. Para ello, se presta especial atención a la crisis de la imagen monolítica de la sociedad y de la teoría funcionalista sobre la unidad del saber en la Universidad. El trabajo examina la influencia que ha tenido la idea según la cual existe un lugar central institucional que genera los criterios para la evaluación de los conocimientos y regula las relaciones entre el orden tecnoeconómico, la política y la cultura en las sociedades de la información.
Identidades colectivas y movimientos de mujeres. El caso de "Madres Contra la Droga"
Authors: Valiente Fernandez Celia
Published: November 2018

El presente artículo argumenta que los movimientos de madres no sólo persiguen principalmente objetivos materiales, como se desprende de parte de la literatura académica sobre movimientos sociales, sino también la construcción de una identidad colectiva. Su autora analiza la identidad forjada en los grupos de Madres Contra la Droga, activos en España desde los años ochenta.
Clases, cohortes, partidos y elecciones. Un análisis de la experiencia española (1986-1996)
Authors: González Rodríguez Juan Jesús
Published: November 2018

El artículo tiene tres partes. En la primera se hace una presentación de algunas de las explicaciones más habituales sobre la evolución electoral durante la etapa socialista en España (más concretamente, la década 1986-96), tanto del lado de la sociología como de la politología. En la segunda se hace una interpretación de dicha evolución, poniendo el énfasis en el papel de las políticas de bienestar y en el conflicto entre gobierno y sindicatos, entendido como un conflicto acerca de dichas políticas. En la tercera se formulan, a partir de esta experiencia, algunas enseñanzas de utilidad para sociólogos y politólogos a la hora de explicar este tipo de procesos.
Empresa y problemática ambiental. Un análisis sociológico
Authors: Climent Sanjuan Víctor , Giner San Julián Salvador
Published: November 2018

El presente estudio analiza algunos de los principales efectos que la problemática ecológica provoca en el ámbito empresarial de Cataluña (España). El texto destaca aspectos relevantes de la nueva gestión ambiental desarrollada por las grandes empresas como respuesta a la presión pública y ciudadana, e intenta señalar las consecuencias sociales y económicas que se derivan de este nuevo marco estratégico. Define el ámbito de relaciones existente entre administración y empresa y analiza el discurso presentado por los responsables empresariales para legitimar su comportamiento y estrategias.
Mindfulness Training & Assessment and Intelligence
Authors: Drigas Athanasios , Karyotaki Maria
Published: November 2018

Three key attentional mechanisms, attentional orienting (curiosity, openness and acceptance), engaging attention and sustaining-monitoring attention are the core skills on-target in any mindfulness-based program. Mindfulness skills are inherently related to top-down processes, such as awareness and reflection as well as bottom-up processes, such as emotional reappraisal, thus they can improve one’s cognitive and emotional regulation. Practitioners become more responsive, calm, and focused while experiencing less stress and distractions. Furthermore, mindfulness has been proven to foster stress resilience and create a great sense of interconnectedness so that it diminishes one’s possible involvement in impulsive behaviors. In addition, these techniques have multiple applications in modern medicine, working environments and school psychology, supported by ICTs to enhance practioners’ health status. Research can be focused on practioners’ mindfulness skills training and assessment through smartphones as a cost-effective and usable, every day treatment.
Experimental Assessment of Hydrocyclones with two Inlet (Feed) Gates
Authors: Alamatian Ebrahim , Nasiri-Kalat Ayda
Published: November 2018

Hydrocyclone is a device to separate sediments in the water Gravel and sand particles are separated based on the specific weight of the suspended particles in the water by the ratio of their centripetal force to fluid resistance. Generally, hydrocyclone includes inlet (feed) and outlet flow gates. In this paper, one of the hydrocyclone which is in the Wastewater Treatment Plant of Mashhad has been investigated with respect to rising of the number of inlet flow gates. In other words, water enters to hydrocyclone with two inlets which have made by welding and cutting operations. Results of this research show that the device efficiency has been enhanced 77 percent in sediment removal and the shear limit has been decreased 15 percent by increasing the number of the inlet gates. Assessments indicate the local temperature is not effective in the rate of particle removal in hydrocyclone.
Data Similarity Filtering of Wartegg Personality Test Result using Cosine-Similarity
Authors: Yuana Rosihan Ari , Harjunowibowo Dewanto , Karyanta Nugraha Arif , Budiyanto Cucuk Wawan
Published: November 2018

Wartegg test is a widely adopted personality evaluation instrument known for its drawing completion technique.  Employee personality data, for instance, can be sorted by the closest similarity with the expected characters. Whereas, Wartegg test plays a significant role in data similarity filtering. Despite the potential contribution of personal characters identification technique, practical guidance is rarely found in the literature. This paper demonstrates the usage of cosine-similarity method for data similarity filtering on Wartegg personality test. The method used in this study is a case study, in which will be selected several Wartegg test subjects. By using the value of each character aspect derived from the Wartegg test, the cosine-similarity value will be calculated against the expected/ideal aspect character. Based on this value, the Wartegg test subjects will be filtered based on similarity to the expected/ideal character aspects. A technical procedure to perform the method is also presented in this paper. In order to find out the effectiveness, sample data scores of each character aspect from five test subjects, and also the ideal scores of the expected characters are given. By using FWAT, a graphical representation of the test subjects' characters to the ideal characters is generated. Then, this graph was compared to the results obtained from the cosine-similarity method. Drawn from the results, the cosine-similarity is effectively applied for Wartegg test data similarity filtering.
Cluster Analysis for Internet Public Sentiment in Universities by Combining Methods
Authors: Zheng Na , Wu Jie Yu
Published: November 2018

A clustering method based on the Latent Dirichlet Allocation and the VSM model to compute the text similarity is presented. The Latent Dirichlet Allocation subject models and the VSM vector space model weights strategy are used respectively to calculate the text similarity. The linear combination of the two results is used to get the text similarity. Then the k-means clustering algorithm is chosen for cluster analysis. It can not only solve the deep semantic information leakage problems of traditional text clustering, but also solve the problem of the LDA that could not distinguish the texts because of too much dimension reduction. So the deep semantic information is mined from the text, and the clustering efficiency is improved. Through the comparisons with the traditional methods, the result shows that this algorithm can improve the performance of text clustering.
Study of the Hand Anatomy Using Real Hand and Augmented Reality
Authors: Boonbrahm Poonpong , Kaewrat Charlee , Pengkaew Presert , Boonbrahm Salin , Meni Vincent
Published: November 2018

Anatomy is considered one of the foundation studies for all of the health science students especially medical and nursing students. Anatomy of the hand is complicated. It composes of bones, nerves, blood veins, muscles, and tendon. Memorising all the details about all those parts is tedious work and need much imagination. With the advances in computer graphics and human-computer interaction techniques, understanding how those body parts move is easy to understand in a visual presentation. Augmented Reality (AR) is the technique that allowed the computer-generated objects to overlay on top of the real world. In this study, we concentrate on studying the bones only. We have selected the Leap Motion, which is the device that can detect the hands and fingers, like a tracking device, and marker-based AR technique for displaying the computer generated bones on top of the real hand. Since the Leap Motion detects the hands and shows the bone in real time, so when a user moves the hands such as waving, all the 3D virtual bones move to the new position just like the real hand. Besides using this tool as the educational tool to help the students have better learning about anatomy, it can also be used as an assessment tool for anatomy class as well. Results from testing this tool with volunteer students indicate that it helps them to understand the hand anatomy better and faster than traditional ways.
The Use of E-Resources and Innovative Technology in Transforming Traditional Teaching in Chemistry and its Impact on Learning Chemistry
Authors: Hsiung Wong Yau
Published: November 2018

Chemistry is often perceived as being a dry and boring science subject, probably because of traditional teaching method, static textbook, lack of interactivity and difficulty in visualization of the abstract chemical concepts. E-learning resources (e-resources) and the utilization of technology have become one of the major trends in education, replacing the conventional textbook and traditional talk and chalk teaching method. A study was undertaken to assess students’ perceptions of the impact of the e-resources and technology on various aspects of their learning. Data were collected through a questionnaire involving 28 undergraduates, who were taking first-year Chemistry course in Taylor’s University, Malaysia. A Moodle e-Learning platform was made available to the students, where the students can assess e-resources anytime and anywhere. Innovative technologies such as mobile clicker, simulation and augmented reality (AR) were integrated into classroom instruction. Most of the students found the e-resources provided useful and well prepared them for the assessments in the course. Their understanding and ability to answer questions had improved. They were motivated to study the subject because it was more interactive and engaging. Overall findings showed that these e-resources and innovative technologies gave positive impact on students learning in chemistry.
Inclusions in Continuous Steel Casting: Formation, Characterization, Tracking and Influences on the Quality of the Product
Authors: Eiman Aghababaei , Hamidreza Javadinejad , Sayed Ahmad Hosseini , Mohsen Saboktakin Rizi
Published: November 2018

The formation mechanisms and characterization (distribution, size and morphology) of the inclusions during continuous casting process of steels were investigated in this study. Samples were took out from several steps of the process and then, fully characterized via metallographic techniques, microscopic investigations and elemental analysis. Results showed that the addition of ferroalloys can intensify the formation of inclusions in some steps of the steelmaking process. Also, it was confirmed that the total oxygen content of the samples can be considered as a criteria of the clarity (purity and inclusion-free) of the steels, if the samples prepared carefully.
A Modified Peric Model for Al-Mg Alloy Sheet with Rate-Independent Initial Yield Stress at Warm Temperatures
Authors: Zhang Yong , Zhang Qing , Sun Yuan Tao , Qin Xian Rong
Published: November 2018

The constitutive modeling of aluminum alloy under warm forming conditions generally considers the influence of temperature and strain rate. It has been shown by published flow stress curves of Al-Mg alloy that there is nearly no effect of strain rate on initial yield stress at various temperatures. However, most constitutive models ignored this phenomenon and may lead to inaccurate description. In order to capture the rate-independent initial yield stress, Peric model is modified via introducing plastic strain to multiply the strain rate, for eliminating the effect of strain rate when the plastic strain is zero. Other constitutive models including the Wagoner, modified Hockett–Sherby and Peric are also considered and compared. The results show that the modified Peric model could not only describe the temperature-and rate-dependent flow stress, but also capture the rate-independent initial yield stress, while the Wagoner, modified Hockett–Sherby and Peric model can only describe the temperature-and rate-dependent flow stress. Moreover, the modified Peric model could obtain proper static yield stress more naturally, and this property may have potential applications in rate-dependent simulations.
Charge Transport in Energy Storage and Conversion Devices
Authors: Döge Volker , Imre Árpád W.
Published: November 2018

Charge transport is one of the most important phenomena, which directly influences the performance of the energy storage and conversation devices. In this work, the authors provide an overview of various rechargeable energy storage battery chemistries and designs, and discuss the charge transport processes related to power capability of the lithium-ion technology. The load distribution by parallel connection of high power batteries or supercapacitor and high-energy cells is discussed and general conclusions are provided. Thus, the reduced peak power load on the high-energy cells are approved by simulation and experiment in passive parallel circuitry of high power and a high energy lithium-ion cells. The definition and advantages of the earlier deduced electrical loss time are explained. It is shown, that at a constant C-rate, defined as the ratio of the applied current and the rated cell capacity in Ah, the electrical loss time has a direct linear correlation to efficiency, and that the electrical loss time allows a direct power capability comparison of various battery cell chemistries and systems. The power capability, specific energy, and energy density of the industry relevant Li-ion battery cells based on electrical loss time approach are summarized and the following conclusions made. Today prismatic cells reach the maximum specific energy of small cylindrical cells, at the same time showing a little bit better power capability, than the investigated high energy cylindrical cells.
The Thermal Conductivity of Magnesite, Dolomite and Calcite as Determined by Molecular Dynamics Simulation
Authors: Momenzadeh Leila , Moghtaderi Behdad , Liu Xian Feng , Sloan Scott William , Belova Irina V. , Murch Graeme E.
Published: November 2018

In this study, the phonon-based thermal conductivity of magnesite (MgCO3) and dolomite (CaMg(CO3)2) is calculated and compared with an earlier recent calculation on calcite (CaCO3). Equilibrium molecular dynamics simulation by way of the elegant Green-Kubo formalism is used for calculating the thermal conductivity. The thermal conductivity is investigated over a wide temperature range (from 200 K to 800 K) for all of the above mentioned materials. The most reliable potential parameters are used for characterising the interatomic interactions. In all of the models, two independent mechanisms are considered. The first is temperature independent, which is relevant to the acoustic short-range and optical phonons, and the other is temperature dependent, which is linked to the acoustic long-range phonons. In the study, the heat current autocorrelation function (HCACF) is calculated over the averages of the NPT, NVT and NVE ensembles in the x- and z- directions. In addition, it is shown that the optical, acoustic short- and long-range phonon modes are the main contributors to the decomposition model of the thermal conductivity. In a further investigation, the effects of the computational cell sizes on the thermal conductivity are investigated with five different simulation blocks containing 30, 240, 810, 1920 and 6480 atoms. Finally, this research provides a comparison of the thermal conductivity from this study and experimental studies: they are in good agreement.
Effects of Different Hardness in Bionic Soles on Lower Limb Biomechanics
Authors: Zhang Ying Yue , Shen Si Qin , Baker Julien S. , Gu Yao Dong
Published: November 2018

The design of modern footwear seems to have an excessive protective effect on the function of the foot. The purpose of this study was to examine how bionic shoes designed would influence the biomechanical index of gait patterns. There were 10 male subjects underwent gait analysis. Normal sports shoes (NS) with flat-soles were selected as control shoes. The experimental shoes comprising of two elasticity levels were defined as soft-sole bionic shoes (SS) and hard-sole bionic shoes (HS). We examined ground reaction forces, plantar pressures and angles of the ankle, knee and hip during walking and jogging conditions. In comparison with standard shoes, wearing bionic shoes reduced the range of motion in some joints during movement and changed the peak angle in the sagittal, frontal and horizontal planes. Moreover, the vertical average loading rates were significantly larger than that of the standard shoes during jogging. The experimental groups showed larger PP or PTI in the foot regions examined except in the lateral forefoot. Also, increases the in the contact area of the midfoot with decreases in the contact area in heel were also observed. In some regions of the foot, the hard sole of the bionic shoes had a lower pressure than that of the soft sole. These findings indicate that the design of the bionic sole in this study can be used to increase toe scratching ability, increase neuromuscular strength and enhance stability and proprioceptive ability. However, the higher plantar pressures in some regions may increase the risk of overuse injuries. The findings from the study indicate preference for the hard bionic shoes during exercise compared to the soft sole.
Physico-Mechanical Properties of Particleboards Produced from Locally Sourced Materials
Authors: Ikubanni Peter Pelumi , Adeleke Adekunle Akanni , Adediran Adeolu Adesoji , Agboola Olayinka Oluwole
Published: November 2018

In this study, particleboard was produced from the blend of sawdust and rice husk with the inclusion of metallic chips and adhesives. Urea formaldehyde and gelatinous starch were used as adhesives. Particleboards (10 mm thickness) were made from varying weight percentage ratio of saw dust and rice husk using pressure in the neighbourhood of 3 N/mm2. The particleboard was tested to determine the density, modulus of rupture (MOR), modulus of elasticity (MOE) and internal bonding strength (IBS). The density of the particleboards developed varies from 762.86 to 801.60 kg/m3. The moisture content of the samples varied between 9.22% and 9.98%. The MOR, MOE and IB values varied between 5.08 MPa and 26.08 MPa; 75.38 MPa and 412.4 MPa; and 0.013 MPa to 0.07 MPa, respectively. Composite samples C, E and H values for MOR, MOE and IBS gave significant results which met with the EN, ANSI A 208.1 and USDA standards. Hence, the admixture of rice husk and sawdust together with UF adhesive will be suitable in producing particleboard that could be useful for indoor and outdoor purposes.
Effect of Organic Loading Rate (OLR) on Biogas Yield Using a Single and Three-Stages Continuous Anaerobic Digestion Reactors
Authors: Orhorhoro Ejiroghene Kelly , Ebunilo Patrick Okechukwu , Sadjere Godwin Ejuvwedia
Published: November 2018

The rate at which feedstock is added to the anaerobic digester (AD) reactor has to be adjusted for the growth rate of methanogens bacteria. Increase in biogas yield is as a result of improved mathanogens forming bacteria. Under loading and over loading of feedstock in the AD reactor has effect on methanogens forming bacteria. If more feedstock is added than the bacteria are able to degrade, the process will become acidic. Feedstock has to been fed to the reactor at a uniform rate and volume. If feeding pattern has to change, this must be done gradually so that bacteria can adapt to the new conditions. For optimum biogas yield, required amount of feedstock must be added to the AD reactor. The aim of this research work is to determine the effect of organic loading rate (OLR) on biogas yield from food waste, water hyacinth, cow dung, waste water from abattoir, poultry dropping and pig dung. The experimental set up comprises of single stage and three-stage continuous AD reactors. The same quantity and composition of feedstock were used and this was subjected to a variation of OLR 0.5 kg/m3(1.5 kg/m3, 2 kg/m3, 2.5 kg/m3, and 3 kg/m3). The experiment was conducted within a mesophilic temperature range of 36°C-37°C, percentage total solid (%TS) of 9.98% and percentage volatile solid (%VS) of 78%. pH meter was used to monitored the daily pH reading of the slurry. It was observed that the quantity of biogas yield from the feedstock increases with increasing organic load rate to the optimum value of 1.5 kg/m3and started decreasing above the optimum value for a single stage AD reactor but this was not the case for the three-stages continuous AD reactors that experienced continuous increase in biogas yield with a successive increase in OLR from 1-5 kg/m3-3.0 kg/m3.