PROBLEMS OF RESEARCH OF SOCIAL INTELLIGENCE AS A PSYCHOLOGICAL PHENOMENON
Authors:   G.S. Kostiuk Institute of Psychology, National Academy of Educational Sciences of Ukraine, Slobodyanik Natalia 
Published: February 2023

The article analyzes the features of the study of social intelligence as a phenomenon of psychological science. It is noted that researchers are increasingly interested in the constructs that regulate personality behavior in society; analysis of real human life in specific socio-economic and historical conditions, including the social intelligence of the individual. The interrelation of the problems characterizing modern researches of social intelligence is opened; The main problems of its study are highlighted and analyzed, including insufficient development of existing scientific approaches to the study of social intelligence, difficulties in creating tools for measuring social intelligence, the difficulty of extracting social intelligence from the context of everyday life, the need to consider belonging to specific social groups. . And also in the article the most substantiated concepts of social intelligence are considered, their advantages, disadvantages are shown, the reasons of occurrence at researchers of social intelligence of feeling of a deadlock are analyzed. Particular attention is paid to the limited nature of basic information about social intelligence in the study of schoolchildren and students. It is noted that since the social intelligence of the individual develops in the process of socialization, it is qualitatively different at different stages of ontogenesis. Some perspective directions of research of social intelligence of the person are offered and proved. Social intelligence is defined as a global ability arising from a set of individual, personal, communicative and behavioral traits, including the level of energy security of self-regulation processes: these traits determine the prediction of interpersonal situations, interpretation of information and behavior, readiness for social interaction and decision making. It is noted that another problem in the scientific study of social intelligence is the limited tools for empirical research. One of the directions in obtaining an empirical description of social intelligence without theoretical justification, but with high motivation to go beyond the psychometric method, was the use in one study of several measurement procedures of different types: tests, questionnaires, self-assessments, self-reports and practical tasks. The main claim of the critics before this toolkit was the inadmissibility of the simultaneous use of fundamentally different methods of collecting empirical data. It should be noted that the studies of this group showed contradictory results. Such findings have led researchers to pose the problem of additional measurements aimed at studying the actual behavior of the individual in different situations. It is emphasized that modern researchers are actively using the test of J. Guilford and M. Sullivan "Diagnosis of social intelligence." The severity of the indicators of the four subtests determines the overall level of development of social intelligence of the individual: low, medium, high. Developed social intelligence allows you to communicate with other people, gives the opportunity to solve problems, where the condition for achieving the desired result is to take into account the human factor. Moreover, it allows a person to assess their own strengths and weaknesses, to correlate their actions with the requirements of moral and professional norms that have formed. And it is also a necessary condition for effective interpersonal interaction and successful social adaptation of the individual.