bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kết quả điều trị phẫu thuật chấn thương ngực kín tại bệnh viện đa khoa Xanh Pôn Hà Nội giai đoạn 2012-2014
Authors: Hùng Đoàn Duy Hùng , Hưng Đoàn Quốc
Published: November 2020

Phẫu thuật là phương pháp điều trị cơ bản chấn thương ngực kín. Đa số chấn thương ngực kín được xử trí bằng dẫn lưu màng phổi, chỉ có một tỷ lệ nhỏ phải mở ngực. Nghiên cứu thực hiện tại bệnh viện Xanh Pôn Hà Nội từ 1/2012 đến 12/2014 trên 113 bệnh nhân chấn thương ngực kín điều trị bằng phẫu thuật nhằm nêu một số nhận xét về đặc điểm triệu chứng, tổn thương và kết quả điều trị phẫu thuật các trường hợp chấn thương ngực kín. Tuổi trung bình 46,6  16,9, nam giới 85%. Nguyên nhân chủ yếu là tai nạn giao thông (60,2%). Thể bệnh chính là tràn máu tràn khí màng phổi (53,1%). Các tổn thương đi kèm như chấn thương sọ não (12,38%), chấn thương bụng kín (14,1%), xương khớp (30,1%). Phẫu thuật chủ yếu là dẫn lưu màng phổi (93%), chỉ có 7% phải mở ngực. Kết quả ghi nhận tốt (71,7%), trung bình (15,1%), xấu (3,5%), tử vong (8,8%), sai sót và biến chứng là 51,3%.
Ứng dụng phẫu thuật nội soi hỗ trợ điều trị u trung thất tại bệnh viện hữu nghị Việt Tiệp – Hải Phòng
Authors: May Nguyễn Thế , Huy Nguyễn Công , Thắng Đỗ Đức , Sơn Lê Minh , Hưng Đoàn Quốc
Published: November 2020

Từ tháng 9/2013 đến 9/2015 có 5 trường hợp u trung thất được phẫu thuật nội soi cắt u tại bệnh viện hữu nghị Việt Tiệp Hải Phòng. Trong đó, có 3 bệnh nhân nam và 2 nữ; tuổi thấp nhất là 48 tuổi, cao nhất là 72 tuổi; đường kính của u lớn nhất: 4 x 6,5cm; thời gian mổ trung bình: 120,5 ± 18 phút; thời gian hậu phẫu trung bình: 5,5 ngày (từ 4-8 ngày); không có biến chứng và tử vong. Mô bệnh học: U lành tính: 4 trường hợp; U ác tính: 1 trường hợp, trong đó: U tuyến ức: 2 trường hợp; U màng tim: 2 trường hợp; U thần kinh: 1 trường hợp. Điều trị bệnh lý u trung thất bằng phẫu thuật nội soi lồng ngực là phương pháp an toàn, hiệu quả và kết quả tốt
Nghiên cứu sự thay đổi số lượng tiểu cầu ở bệnh nhân tim mạch điều trị tại trung tâm tim mạch - bệnh viện E từ tháng 1 năm 2013 đến tháng 5 năm 2016
Authors: Nga Đào Thị Thanh , Linh Lê Ngọc , Thành Lê Ngọc
Published: November 2020

Tìm hiểu sự liên quan giữa tuổi, giới và số lượng tiểu cầu máu ngoại vi ở 7847 bệnh nhân được điều trị tại trung tâm tim mạch. Về giới tính có 45 % nam và 55 % nữ; Về độ tuổi từ 0 đến 4, 5-9, 10-14, 15-17, 18-34, 35-49, 50-64, 65-74, và từ 75 tuổi trở lên với số lượng tiểu cầu ở nam lần lượt là 306,1 ± 106,47 G/l; 267,47 ± 86,79 G/l; 255,32 ± 76,10 G/l; 222,22 ± 75,09 G/l; 208,23 ± 57,02 G/l; 210,73 ± 61,09 G/l; 211,55 ± 63,49 G/l; 206,50 ± 66,42 G/l, 205,96 ± 63,6 G/l; ở nữ lần lượt là 305,53 ± 108,65 G/l; 257,31± 78,85 G/l; 237,7 ± 72,71 G/l; 236,93 ± 63,21 G/l; 224,97 ± 57,83 G/l; 233,88 ± 62,81 G/l; 221,93 ± 58,84 G/l; 222,35 ± 59,12 G/l; 215,59 ± 108,65 G/l. Số lượng tiểu cầu bình thường chiếm tỷ lệ 86,4%, giảm chiếm 9,7% và tăng chiếm 3,9%. Số lượng tiểu cầu trung bình có xu hướng tăng hơn ở nhóm tuổi nhỏ và giảm dần ở các nhóm tuổi lớn hơn. Số lượng tiểu cầu trung bình ở nữ cao hơn nam ở độ tuổi từ 15-74 tuổi và trên 75 tuổi, và có xu hướng giảm dần sau thời kỳ mãn kinh.
Tiên lượng rối loạn nhịp tim nguy hiểm sau phẫu thuật tứ chứng fallot bằng kết hợp điện thế muộn và biến thiên nhịp tim
Authors: Tiến Hoàng Anh , Thắng Đoàn Chí
Published: November 2020

74 bệnh nhân> 15 tuổi mắc tứ chứng Fallot đã được phẫu thuật sửa chữa hoàn toàn và theo dõi rối loạn nhịp tim nguy hiểm trong vòng 3 năm. Bệnh nhân được đo Holter 24 giờ và điện thế muộn, dùng đường cong ROC đánh giá độ nhạy và độ đặc hiệu của điện thế muộn và biến thiên nhịp tim trong tiên lượng rối loạn nhịp nguy hiểm. Dùng OR so sánh giá trị kết hợp biến thiên nhịp tim và điện thế muộn. Điểm cắt tốt nhất của HFQRSd trong tiên lượng rối loạn nhịp thất là lớn hơn 151ms; AUC= 0,783; Độ nhạy: 86,4%; Độ đặc hiệu: 63,5 %. Điểm cắt tốt nhất của HFLA trong tiên lượng rối loạn nhịp thất là lớn hơn 47ms; AUC= 0,654; Độ nhạy: 50%; Độ đặc hiệu: 88,5 %. Điểm cắt tốt nhất của RMS trong tiên lượng rối loạn nhịp thất là nhỏ hơn hoặc bằng 21μV; AUC= 0,633; Độ nhạy: 59,1%; Độ đặc hiệu: 71,2 %.Bệnh nhân có ĐTM(+) và giảm BTNT thì dự báo khả năng rối loạn nhịp tim cao gấp 13,14 lần (OR=13,14) so với nhóm bệnh nhân có ĐTM (-) và BTNT không giảm, với p<0,05.

Kết hợp điện thế muộn và biến thiên nhịp tim cho giá trị cao nhất dự báo rối loạn nhịp tim nguy hiểm.
Cập nhật theo dõi và đánh giá huyết động sau mổ
Authors: Hoằng Đoàn Đức , Trang Ngô Thị , Khoa Lê Vĩnh , Kha Đặng Quốc
Published: November 2020

Bên cạnh giúp xác định các chỉ số tiền gánh và sức co bóp, siêu âm tim còn giúp đánh giá chức năng các van tim, giúp phát hiện những bất thường vận động thành cơ tim, các nguyên nhân do thuyên tắc, chèn ép từ xung quanh tim làm ảnh hưởng huyết động (tràn dịch màng tim, viêm màng ngoài tim co thắt), cũng như giúp người thầy thuốc xác định được hiệu suất của thất trái. Với những lý do này, siêu âm tim rất được khuyến cáo trong những trường hợp huyết động không ổn định và chưa biết được căn nguyên hoặc chưa tìm ra được hướng điều trị chuẩn để khắc phục tình trạng huyết động không ổn định.
Chấn thương vết thương động mạch ngoại vi: hình thái tổn th ương và kết quả điều trị tại bệnh viện Việt Đức
Authors: Hưng Đoàn Quốc , Đại Nguyễn Văn , May Nguyễn Thế
Published: November 2020

533 BN điều trị tại BV Việt Đức từ 1/2010 đến 12/2014. Mô tả hồi cứu đánh giá kết quả phẫu thuật CT-VT ĐM ngoại vi, các biến chứng và cách xử trì. Vị trì tổn thương hay gặp nhất là ĐM cánh tay 30% (160BN) và ĐM khoeo 32,8% (175BN). Tổn thương giải phẫu bệnh chủ yếu là đứt đôi ĐM (189BN≈35,4%) và đụng dập (262BN≈49,1%). Biện pháp điều trị chủ yếu với VT đứt đôi ĐM là nối trực tiếp 76,1% (144/189) và ghép mạch tự thân 51,9% (136/262) với mạch đụng dập. Vị trì có tổn thương cắt cụt chi cao nhất là ĐM khoeo 66,6% (10/15). Kết quả điều trị tốt sau mổ là 88,4%, chỉ có 0,8% có biến chứng phải cắt cụt chi thí hai. Tỷ lệ tốt sau mổ ở nhóm VTĐMNV là 91,6 % cao hơn so với nhóm CTĐMNV là 84,1%. Biến chứng sau mổ hay gặp là nhiễm trùng vết mổ gặp 33/63, cắt cụt chi thí hai 15/63BN (23,8%)
Đánh giá kết quả phẫu thuật triệt để tứ chứng Fallot tại bệnh viện tim Hà Nội giai đoạn 2011-2015
Authors: Hiền Nguyễn Sinh
Published: November 2020

155 bệnh nhân, tuổi trung bình 9,88 (0,41- 54t); tỷ lệ miếng vá xuyên vòng van 38,7%; chênh áp thất phải – động mạch phổi sau mổ 18,87 ±11,60 mmHg; tỷ lệ áp lực tối đa thất phải/thất trái 0,57± 0,16. Biến chứng sau mổ 20,6%. Tỷ lệ mổ lại sớm 2,56%.Tỷ lệ tử vong tại viện 1,29%. Sau mổ 6 tháng (153 bệnh nhân): tỷ lệ mổ lại 0%, tử vong 0%. Sau mổ 3 năm (60 bệnh nhân): mổ lại 0,65%, tử vong 0%; không có sự thay đổi về: chỉ số giãn thất phải, chênh áp thất phải- động mạch phổi, thời gian QRS. Kết quả phẫu thuật triệt để tứ chứng Fallot theo phương pháp không mở thất phải tại Bệnh viện Tim Hà Nội là khả quan với tỷ lệ tử vong thấp.
Phẫu thuật bắc cầu động mạch vành cho người già trên 70 tuổi
Authors: Dũng Văn Hùng , Phan Nguyễn Văn , Phương Phan Kim
Published: November 2020

Nghiên cứu bao gồm 117 BN, nam giới : 85 (76%), tuổi trung bình 75,4 ± 2,6 năm Các bệnh nền kết hợp đi kèm gồm đái tháo đường 47 (40%), tăng huyết áp 95 (81%), rối loạn chuyển hóa mỡ 30 (25,6%), suy thận mạn 27(23%) bệnh lý mạch máu ngoại biên 10 (8,5%), bệnh phổi tắc nghẽn mãn 13 (11%).Bệnh mạch vành bao gồm hẹp thân chung >50% : 63 (53,8%); hẹp ba thân : 101 (86,3%); hẹp hai thân 7 (6%) và hẹp 1 thân : 9 (7,7%). Bệnh van tim kết hợp có 41 trường hợp (TH) bao gồm hở van hai lá 27, hẹp hở van hai lá 2 và hẹp van ĐMC 12 TH. Phẫu thuật cấp cứu và bán cấp cứu cho 16 BN (13,7%). Số cầu nối trung bình cho một BN là 2,95 ± 0,86. Tử vong phẫu thuật 3 (2,6%); mổ lại 11 BN (chảy máu 7 và viêm xương ức 4 TH). Các biến chứng khác như nhiễm trùng vết mổ 17, viêm phổi 17, nhiễm trùng huyết 4, rung nhĩ kịch phát sau mổ 20, suy thận cấp cần can thiệp 4, sảng, rối loạn nhận thức 8, nhũn não 2 TH. Thời gian nằm hồi sức trung bình : 4,6 ± 0,45 ngày (1-30 ngày) và thở máy trung bình 49,8 ± 8,8 giờ (2-288 giờ); thời gian nằm viện trung bình 17,2 ± 9,2 ngày (4-60 ngày). Thời gian theo dõi sau mổ trung bình : 47,6 ± 4,5 tháng ( 3-169 tháng ). Tử vong muộn 17 trường hợp ( 14,9%), do ung thư : 8 ; do suy tim : 3; đột tử : 2 ; không rõ nguyên nhân : 2 và do tai nạn 2 trường hợp.
Cắt thùy phổi và nạo hạch qua nội soi lồng ngực trong điều trị ung thư phổi không tế bào nhỏ: an toàn và khả thi?
Authors: Luân Trần Minh Bảo , Nam Nguyễn Hoài
Published: November 2020

109 trường hợp ung thư phổi: tuổi trung bình 59,18 ± 10,08 (31 – 80), trong đó 59 nam (54,1%), 50 nữ (45,9%). Kích thước u phổi: trung bình 3,23 ± 0,91 (1,2 – 5cm). Tổng cộng 419 vi trí hạch được phẫu thuật, 225 vị trí có hạch, phẫu thuật lấy hết 175 vị trí (77,7%), không hết 30 vị trí (13,3%). Thời gian phẫu thuật 128,8 ± 31,3 (70 – 220 phút), thời gian DLMP 3,1 ± 1,8 (2 – 14 ngày), thời gian nằm viện 5,9 ± 1,9 (4 – 18 ngày). Tai biến phẫu thuật: không tai biến 107 trường hợp (98,2%), 1 trường hợp rách tĩnh mạch đơn (0,9%), 1 trường hợp rách phế quản đối bên (0,9%). Có 3 trường hợp Chuyển mổ nội soi hỗ trợ (2,7%) do khó khăn khi nạo hạch và 1 trường hợp chuyển mở ngực (0,9%) do rách mạch máu lớn. Biến chứng hậu phẫu: 2 trường hợp dò khí kéo dài (1,8%), 1 trường hợp viêm phổi (0,9%), 1 trường hợp suy hô hấp phải thở máy (0,9%). Phẫu thuật nội soi lồng ngực cắt thùy phổi và nạo hạch cho thấy nhiều ưu điểm. Tính khả thi và an toàn về mặt kỹ thuật, hiệu quả trong điều trị ung thư cũng đã được nhiều tác giả chứng minh qua nhiều nghiên cứu. Nghiên cứu của chúng tôi cũng góp phần chứng minh những ưu điểm này.
Đánh giá kết quả phẫu thuật cắt thùy phổi qua nội soi lồng ngực trong điều trị ung thư phổi
Authors: Luân Trần Minh Bảo , Nam Nguyễn Hoài
Published: November 2020

52 trường hợp phẫu thuật cắt thùy phổi qua nội soi lồng ngực được thực hiện tại BV Đại học Y Dược TPHCM từ 01/2011 đến 01/2016, trong đó 18 trường hợp thùy trên phổi trái, 15 trường hợp thùy dưới phổi trái, 10 trường hợp thùy trên phổi phải, 8 trường hợp thùy dưới phổi phải và 1 trường hợp thùy giữa. Kích thước khối u trung bình 4,2 ± 0,5 (2,5 – 5cm), nằm ngoại vi và không xâm lấn các mạch máu vùng rốn phổi. Có 32 trường hợp kèm hạch: trung thất (14 trường hợp), rốn phổi (18 trường hợp). 4 trường hợp giai đoạn IA, 26 trường hợp giai đoạn IB, 16 trường hợp IIA, 6 trường hợp IIIA. Thời gian phẫu thuật trung bình 105 ± 38,5 (65 – 185 ph); Lượng máu mất: 150 ± 20 (100 – 180ml); Thời gian DLMP: 2,05 ± 0,5 ( 1 – 3 ngày); Thời gian nằm viện sau mổ: 4,5 ± 1,5 ( 4 – 7 ngày). Tai biến và biến chứng: 1 trường hợp chuyển sang mổ mở vì khó khăn về mặt kỹ thuật, 1 trường hợp xì khí kéo dài đòi hỏi nội soi lồng ngực lại và 1 trường hợp tràn khí – dịch màng phổi sau phẫu thuật 3 tuần và chỉ cần điều trị bằng chọc hút khí - dịch màng phổi. Không trường hợp nào rách ĐM hay TM phổi gây chảy máu lượng lớn đòi hỏi phải mở ngực khẩn cấp, không ghi nhận các tai biến và biến chứng khác như: chảy máu sau mổ, viêm phổi, xẹp phổi, nhiểm trùng vết mổ… Thuốc giảm đau sau mổ: tất cả 52 trường hợp của chúng tôi chỉ cần dùng NSAID dạng chích kèm Paracetamol truyền tĩnh mạch trong 2 ngày đầu sau mổ và chuyển sang Acetaminophen uống trong 3 ngày tiếp theo. Phẫu thuật nội soi lồng ngực cắt thùy phổi cho thấy nhiều ưu điểm: vết mổ nhỏ, thẫm mỹ cao, không banh kéo xương sườn nên ít đau sau mổ, thời gian phục hồi và nằm viện ngắn… Hiện nay, kỹ thuật này đang được áp dụng rộng rãi và tính khả thi về mặt kỹ thuật, hiệu quả trong điều trị ung thư cũng đã được nhiều tác giả cố gắng chứng minh qua nhiều nghiên cứu.*
Quality of life and associated factors in patients with lower limb chronic venous insufficiency
Authors: Thuan Nguyen Thi Thanh , Nam Nguyen Hoai
Published: November 2020

Background: Lower limb chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) is a global issue. The disease has significant effects on the quality of life (QoL) with substantial burden on the healthcare system. In Vietnam, the QoL of patients suffering from lower limb CVI has not received much attention. This study evaluated the QoL and associated factors in patients with lower limb CVI in order to improve care as well as the well-being of patients.Objectives: To identify the QoL score and associated factors in patients with lower extremity CVI.Study methods: This is a retrospective observational study of 68 randomly selected patients with lower limb CVI at Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital. All patients were interviewed using the SF-36 questionnaire. Multivariate linear regression was used to evaluate the relationship between QoL score and other factors.Results: The mean scores of patients with lower limb CVI in physical health was 51.56±14.53, mental health was 53.91±15.20, overall QoL was 52.74±10.30. Factors associated with QoL was gender, income, disease severity based on CEAP clinical classification, level of physical activities and the use of medial pressure socks.Conclusions: QoL of patients with lower limb CVI was decreased, both physically and mentally. Patients should be encouraged to exercise more and use medial pressure socks to improve the QoL.
The impact of sample processing and media chemistry on the culturable diversity of bacteria isolated from a cave
Authors:   University of Akron, Bender Katey , Glover Katelyn ,   University of Akron, Archey Alexander ,   University of Akron, Barton Hazel ,   University of Akron
Published: November 2020

Although molecular approaches can identify members of microbial communities in the environment, genomic information does not necessarily correlate with environmental phenotype. Understanding functional roles can be done by cultivating representative species, yet the culturablility of bacteria from caves remains low, at 0.02%, limiting our understanding of microbial community interactions and processes. We have investigated several factors influencing culturability of bacteria from a single sample location in Maxwelton Sink Cave, WV, USA. Extended incubation of inoculated plates showed a significant increase in colony counts from two to four weeks, indicating that extended incubations increase culturability. There were no significant differences in plate counts or diversity measures when the sample was suspended in different buffers prior to cultivation, while samples plated immediately after collection demonstrated higher culturability. Although supplementing the media with antibiotics reduced colony counts and cultured diversity, these plates did appear to contain a higher proportion of slow-growing oligotrophs. Finally, among a selection of culture media used, pyruvate agar showed the highest culturability and bacterial diversity, which may be a result of the oxygen radical scavenging effects of pyruvate. By identifying methods that improve culturable diversity, we hope to further understand the roles played by bacteria in cave communities, and test hypotheses that are best assessed using culture-based methods, such as screening for bioactive compounds or confirming in situ metabolic strategies.
A Novel Moment for #WriteWithAphra
Authors: Runge Laura , Howe Tonya
Published: November 2020

Introduction to the Fall 2020 issue that describes our summer 2020 writing camp #WriteWithAphra.
Measurement report: Exploring the NH3 behaviours at urban and
suburban Beijing: Comparison and implications
Authors: Lan Ziru , Lin Weili , Pu Weiwei , Ma Ziqiang
Published: November 2020

Abstract. Ammonia (NH3) plays an important role in particulate matter formation; however, few long-term observations with a high temporal resolution have been conducted on the NH3 concentrations in Beijing. In this study, online ammonia analyzers were used to observe continuously the atmospheric NH3 concentrations at an urban site and a suburban site in Beijing from January 13, 2018, to January 13, 2019. The average mixing ratio of NH3 at the urban site was 21 ± 14 ppb (range: 1.6–133 ppb) and that at the suburban site was 22 ± 15 ppb (range: 0.8–199 ppb). The NH3 mixing ratios at the urban and suburban sites exhibited similar seasonal variations, with high values being observed in the summer and spring and low values being observed in the autumn and winter. The hourly mean NH3 mixing ratios at the urban site were highly correlated (R = 0.849, P
Investigation of structural changes of atmospheric aerosol samples during
two thermal-optical measurement procedures (EUSAAR2, NIOSH870)
Authors: Haller Theresa , Sommer Eva , Steinkogler Thomas , Rentenberger Christian , Wonaschuetz Anna , Kasper-Giebl Anne , Grothe Hinrich , Hitzenberger Regina
Published: November 2020

Abstract. Thermal-optical measurement techniques are widely used for the monitoring of carbonaceous aerosols. Although results of different thermal-optical measurement techniques are comparable for total carbon, they can vary widely for values of elemental carbon especially in the presence of brown carbon. Charring of organic material during the inert heating phase of thermal-optical measurements was found to be a major confounder, but no literature about investigations of structural changes during this process in atmospheric aerosols is available. In a recent study we investigated these structural changes for combustion aerosol standard soot (CAST). Now we apply this approach to selected atmospheric aerosol filter samples and a subset of eight washed filter samples with low WSOCs loadings. To investigate structural changes, Raman spectra were obtained for samples heated to the corresponding temperature levels and gas atmospheres of the EUSAAR2 and NIOSH870 protocols. The temperature levels where changes in the Raman spectra occurred (i.e. changes in structure) varied for different samples. For the washed samples with low WSOC loadings and absence of other water soluble aerosol components such as inorganic salts, changes in structural ordering and darkening of the samples were not observed. For all samples, ion chromatography, integrating sphere measurements (yielding black and brown carbon data) and thermal-optical analyses were performed. We were able to show for the first time that the darkening of a sample (measured in terms of transmission laser signal) is not necessarily caused by an increase of structural ordering in the sample. Therefore we suggest that the widely used term charring should be used carefully when the darkening of a sample during thermal-optical measurement procedures is interpreted.
Key drivers of pyrogenic carbon redistribution during a simulated
rainfall event
Authors: Bellè Severin-Luca , Berhe Asmeret Asefaw , Hagedorn Frank , Santin Cristina , Schiedung Marcus , van Meerveld Ilja , Abiven Samuel
Published: November 2020

Abstract. Pyrogenic carbon (PyC) is produced by the incomplete combustion of vegetation during wildfires and is a major and persistent pool of the global carbon (C) cycle. However, its redistribution in the landscape after fires remains largely unknown. Therefore, we conducted rainfall simulation experiments on 0.25-m2 plots with two distinct Swiss forest soils (Cambisol (clay loam) and Luvisol (sandy silt)). We applied PyC produced from wood (Picea abies) labelled under FACE conditions and C4-grass (Miscanthus sinensis) to the soil surface to study PyC redistribution by runoff and splash, and the vertical mobility of PyC in a 10 cm unsaturated soil column based on the differences in δ13C of soils and PyC. We assessed the effect of soil texture, slope angle and PyC characteristics (feedstock and particle size) on the mobility of PyC during 30 minutes of intense rainfall (102 mm h−1). Our results highlight that PyC is highly mobile. Surface runoff transported between 0.2 to 36.0 % of the total added PyC. Erosion by splash further redistributed 10.3 to 25.3 % of the added PyC. Soil type had a substantial impact on the redistribution of PyC by both runoff and splash: on average, we recovered 10.5 % of the added PyC in runoff and splashed material for the clay-rich Cambisol and 61.3 % of the added PyC for the sandy silt Luvisol combined. PyC feedstock had a clear, but contrasting effect on PyC redistribution: relocation in the runoff and splashed material was greater for wood-PyC (43.4 % of total added PyC) than grass-PyC (28.4 %). However, more wood-PyC (11.5 %; fraction of organic C derived from the PyC) remained where it was initially applied compared to grass-PyC (7.4 %). The results further suggest that the effect of PyC characteristics on its mobility can be highly variable and depend not only on the material from which it was derived, but also on other factors (e.g. particle size, porosity, density). In particular, the mobility of PyC was almost twice as large for fine-grained PyC (
Two new minerals, badengzhuite, TiP, and zhiqinite, TiSi2, from the Cr-11 chromitite orebody, Luobusa ophiolite, Tibet, China: is this evidence for super-reduced mantle-derived fluids?
Authors: Xiong Fahui , Xu Xiangzhen , Mugnaioli Enrico , Gemmi Mauro , Wirth Richard , Grew Edward S. , Robinson Paul T. , Yang Jingsui
Published: November 2020

Abstract. Titanium minerals enclosed in corundum separated from the Cr-11 orebody
include native Ti, zamboite (FeTiSi2), osbornite (TiN)-khamrabaevite
(TiC) solid solutions, and jingsuiite (TiB2), as well as the new
minerals badengzhuite (TiP) and zhiqinite (TiSi2) and two potentially
new minerals, Ti11(Si,P)10 and Ti10(Si,P,□)7, where □ indicates a vacancy. These
minerals together constitute a spheroid 20 µm across inferred to have
crystallized from a droplet of Ti–Si–P intermetallic melt. Energy-dispersive
spectroscopy and three-dimensional electron diffraction were applied to
characterize the two new minerals. Badengzhuite has a primitive hexagonal
cell with a=3.49(7)  Å, c=11.70(23) Å, V=124(4) Å3, and
crystallizes in space group P63∕mmc (Z=4). It is isostructural with
synthetic TiP. Two EDX (energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy) analyses of badengzhuite gave 60.56 wt %Ti and 39.44 wt % P and 62.74 wt % Ti and 37.26 wt % P from which an empirical
formula of Ti1.020P0.980 was calculated on the basis of two atoms
(ideally TiP). Zhiqinite has a primitive orthorhombic cell with a=8.18(16) Å,
b=4.85(10) Å, c=8.42(17) Å, V=334(12) Å3, and
crystallizes in space group Fddd (Z=8). It is isostructural with synthetic
TiSi2 (C54 type). Four EDX analyses of zhiqinite gave 39.58–44.79 wt % Ti and
55.21–60.42 wt % Si, from which an empirical formula of
Ti0.905Si2.095 was calculated on the basis of three atoms (ideally
TiSi2). We suggest that interaction of mantle-derived CH4 + H2
fluids with basaltic magmas in the shallow lithosphere (depths of ∼ 30–100 km) under conditions more reducing than 6 log units below the oxygen fugacities corresponding to the iron–wüstite buffer resulted in precipitation of corundum that entrapped intermetallic melts, some of which crystallized to ultra-reduced Ti–P–Si phases. Experimental work on the Ti–Si and Ti–P systems indicates that the minerals enclosed in corundum could have crystallized from the alloy melt at the lowest temperature accessible on the liquidus. It has been alleged that these ultra-reduced phases are anthropogenic contaminants inadvertently introduced with fused alumina abrasive during preparation of mineral separates. Nonetheless, we conclude that the differences between the ultra-reduced minerals in the separates and the ultra-reduced phases in fused alumina are more convincing evidence for these minerals having a natural origin than the similarities between them are evidence for an anthropogenic origin.
Development of a submerged aquatic vegetation growth model in the Coupled Ocean–Atmosphere–Wave–Sediment Transport (COAWST v3.4) model
Authors: Kalra Tarandeep S. , Ganju Neil K. , Testa Jeremy M.
Published: November 2020

Abstract. The coupled biophysical interactions between submerged aquatic vegetation
(SAV), hydrodynamics (currents and waves), sediment dynamics, and nutrient
cycling have long been of interest in estuarine environments. Recent
observational studies have addressed feedbacks between SAV meadows and their
role in modifying current velocity, sedimentation, and nutrient cycling. To
represent these dynamic processes in a numerical model, the presence of SAV
and its effect on hydrodynamics (currents and waves) and sediment dynamics
was incorporated into the open-source Coupled Ocean–Atmosphere–Wave–Sediment
Transport (COAWST) model. In this study, we extend
the COAWST modeling framework to account for dynamic changes of SAV and
associated epiphyte biomass. Modeled SAV biomass is represented as a
function of temperature, light, and nutrient availability. The modeled SAV
community exchanges nutrients, detritus, dissolved inorganic carbon, and
dissolved oxygen with the water-column biogeochemistry model. The dynamic
simulation of SAV biomass allows the plants to both respond to and cause
changes in the water column and sediment bed properties, hydrodynamics, and
sediment transport (i.e., a two-way feedback). We demonstrate the behavior
of these modeled processes through application to an idealized domain and then
apply the model to a eutrophic harbor where SAV dieback is a result of
anthropogenic nitrate loading and eutrophication. These cases demonstrate an
advance in the deterministic modeling of coupled biophysical processes and
will further our understanding of future ecosystem change.
A Study on the Altruism Levels of Physical Education Teachers in Kütahya
Authors: Eynur Recep Baybars , Akalan Oğuz , Şahinler Yunus
Published: November 2020

The aim of this study is to examine the altruism levels of the physical education teachers working in Kütahya. 105 physical education teachers, 53.3% female and 46.7% male, participated in the research. The altruism scale created by Ersan and Çabuker was used in the study. T-test and ANOVA were used for independent samples in the research statistics, and Bonferroni and Tamhane were used for the difference of subgroups (a = 0.05). In the normality tests conducted according to the variables, Mann Whitney U and Kruskal Wallis H Tests were used for dependent variable results that did not show normal distribution (a = 0.05). According to the research results, it was found that there was a significant difference in the selfishness sub-dimension of female physical education teachers compared to male physical education teachers (p < 0.05). According to the results of the research, it was determined that there was a significant difference between the groups in all total scores according to the residence place of physical education teachers (p < 0.05). In the subgroup analysis, a significant difference was found between the self-sacrifice, selfishness and altruism scores of physical education teachers residing in the town and metropolitan area (p < 0.05). According to the variable of the alma mater, a significant difference was found between the graduates of college and the graduates of the Institute in favour of the graduates of the selfishness sub-dimension (p < 0.05). This revealed that college graduates displayed less selfish behaviour than the graduates of the Institute.
Is Africa Capable of Achieving the Sustainable Development Goals in the 2020-2030 Decade of Programming?
Authors: Muswere Austin
Published: November 2020

The capabilities, efficiency and effectiveness of the outcomes of the African Regional Forum on Sustainable Development demands a lot of analytical work from an  African perspective towards its commitment on achieving the Sustainable Development Goals in the 2020-2030 decade. This paper provides an analytical framework questioning the forum`s outcomes and the African capabilities. The framework interrogates the feasibility of the approaches of the forum used as alternatives towards the achievement of the 17 sustainable development goals, 169 targets and 304 indicators. The analysis is made together with the outlook of the African aspirations as defined in the Agenda 2063. An analytical framework based on advocacy research and desk review of literature available was used. The framework provided a balanced analysis of both the progress made so far and the challenges that Africa is facing today. Africa does not have effective strategies that make her ready to meet the sustainable development goals by 2030. Africa is recommended to prioritise on investment, build strong partnerships and coalitions as a critical discernment of the different African initiatives propagated through the 2030 Agenda and 2063 Agenda.
Critically Anxious
Authors: Guilmette Lauren
Published: November 2020

Musing for Puncta special issue "Critically Sick: New Phenomenologies Of Illness, Madness, And Disability."
Spatiality and Agency: A Phenomenology of Containment
Authors: Jacobson Kirsten
Published: November 2020

In this essay, I consider how spatial experience is fundamentally connected to the development and maintenance of “existential healthy” agency. More specifically, I examine how our formation as choosing, active, and self-defining persons is dependent upon the spatially-thick and interpersonally-interwoven “gestures” through which we develop a lived sense of space as supportive and cooperative or hostile and threatening. I conclude from this both that existentially healthy agency is always already a relational capacity, and, more central to my focus here, that it depends in significant part upon the cultivation of an appropriately supportive spatial environment.
The Implementation of Budget Reform and the Level of Compliance among the Public Sector Entities in Nigeria
Authors: Odewole Philip Olawale , Salawu Rafiu Oyesola
Published: November 2020

The study investigated the implementation of budget reform and the level of compliance in Nigeria. Purposive Sampling Technique was employed to select the two sectors – Ministry of Education and Health – where the adoption and implementation of the budget reform were popular. The population of the study comprised fifty (50) MDAs of the two ministries. Primary data were sourced from five hundred (500) respondents through structured questionnaire administered to the selected Ministries, Departments and Agencies. Data were analyzed using the Factor analysis technique. The results showed that only 55% of the MDAs within the sample size exhibited high compliance level with the budget reform while 45% demonstrated low compliance with the budget reform mandate. The summary of the overall results, therefore, revealed that there was no full compliance with the budget reforms’ directives among the MDAs during the research period. The study concludes that only continuous and critical re-assessments of the budget reform and its periodic re-appraisals by the central authorities in Nigeria can guarantee full compliance and thorough implementation in order to achieve desired results of the reforms in the public sector entities in Nigeria. The study, therefore, recommends that a central monitoring unit be created jointly by the Federal Ministry of Finance and the Office of the Accountant-General of the federation to ensure strict compliance, which will in turn enhance transparency and accountability in the public sector entities in Nigeria.
Predicting Product Uptake Using Bass, Gompertz, and Logistic Diffusion Models: Application to a Broadband Product
Authors: Lartey Franklin M.
Published: November 2020

In today’s competitive environment, broadband companies innovate to stay competitive, retain existing customers, and attract new customers. A recent innovative product in this industry is the deployment of the gigabit Internet service over fiber optic networks as a solution to the growing bandwidth demands from consumers. One determinant of the decision to deploy such product is the expectation of a positive return on investment (ROI) determined among others by the penetration or take rate of the product or service. Like any product, the adoption of the gigabit Internet is influenced by the reaction of customers to this innovation. Some customers are early adopters of the product while others might not be interested in higher bandwidth Internet connections or will simply adopt the product at a later time. The purpose of this paper was to identify a model that best predicts future trends in the uptake of the gigabit Internet product over fiber-to-the home (FTTH). To that effect, this study implemented three different models: Bass, Gompertz, and logistic diffusion models; analyzed their predictive abilities; and determined the best fit model in a FTTH brownfield scenario. The data used for the study were split into two sets: the first or training set was used to create the models and the second was used to validate their predicting abilities. The data analysis used the ordinary least squares (OLS) method to select the best fit model. The results suggested that while Gompertz best fitted the training data, Bass had a better forecasting power. In other words, the Bass diffusion model was best at forecasting future uptake of the gigabit Internet service, while Logistic optimistically forecasted above the take rate and Gompertz pessimistically forecasted below. These findings present various implications for researchers and practicians. For example, future research could replicate the study for different industries and products, while practicians could anticipate realistic financial results from the implementation of the findings.
Non-financial reporting by an international corporation in the light of new mandatory regulations
Authors: Szadziewska Arleta , Kotowska Beata , Kloviene Lina , Legenchyk Sergiy , Prša Darija , Speziale Maria Teresa
Published: November 2020

Purpose: Directive 2014/95/EU gave the EU Member States a certain flexibility when transposing it into national law. Each Member State could, therefore, decide to introduce regulations of varying degrees of stringency. Thus, the purpose of the article is: 1) to indicate the main differences in the implementation of the Directive and the national provisions in countries selected for the study; 2) to determine and compare the range of non-financial indicators published by branches of an international corporation that operates in the selected countries, after the introduction of changes to the reports; 3) to determine differences in the reporting of non-financial ratios existing between entities operating within one capital group in the EU and outside of it. Methodology/approach: Comparative analysis and content analysis were used to achieve the objectives of the article. Findings: The results suggest that countries should adopt into their national laws various items, including the definition of a large entity that is required to make non-financial disclosures, the need for external verification of this type of information, and the adoption of sanctions for failing to publish such information. The content analysis of individual branches’ non-financial reports also revealed a wide range of non-financial indicators. What is more, significant differ-ences were found between the scope of the non-financial indicators published by the capital group and those of its subsidiaries. Originality/value: To date, little research has been done on the impact of this regulation on the practice of non-financial reporting. Our research, therefore, expands the knowledge on the subject, despite the fact it does not cover a large number of enterprises. It constitutes a new approach to non-financial disclosure analysis since the study covers non-financial reports of a capital group and its subsidiaries that operate in different countries.
Accounting systems in Croatia, Poland, and Slovakia – a comparative study
Authors: Zyznarska-Dworczak Beata , Sačer Ivana Mamić , Mokošová Daša
Published: November 2020

Purpose: This paper provides a comparative analysis of accounting systems in three Central and East-ern European countries − Croatia, Poland, and Slovakia. The main goal of the paper is to contribute to the understanding of the main differences and their main economic, historical, and cultural reasons. Methodology/approach: The research based on a comparative analysis of Croatian, Polish, and Slovak accounting regulations allows for the identification of important differences in accounting standards, despite the geopolitical proximity of the analysed countries and their Slavic roots. Findings: The paper demonstrates that the economic differences between the countries may influence the development of their accounting systems. Our empirical research also reveals that accession to the European Union had a significant impact on the development of accounting in these countries. Moreover, our research verified whether cultural differences influence accounting systems and financial reporting in the analyzed coun-tries. Originality/value: The similarities and differences in accounting systems indicated in this paper may help regulators assess real opportunities to harmonize accounting regulations in the member states of the European Union in the face of economic and cultural factors.
Sinusoidal Trajectory Generation Methods for Spacecraft Feedforward Control
Authors: A. Baker Kyle
Published: November 2020

The following is a brief walkthrough of material related to the modeling of spacecraft dynamics with feedforward control as the self-awareness declaration for deterministic artificial intelligence. Specifically, the focus will be on the analysis of various sinusoidal trajectory methods. The methods utilized are the basic MATLAB sine generation function, a Taylor series implementation, and two alternate algorithms for higher speed, lower precision and lower speed, higher precision implementations. The chapter features a brief summary of previous work investigating the impact of step size on Euler and Body angles. This is followed by a high level overview of Euler angle theory, quaternions, direction cosine matrices, kinematics, and dynamics to form a mathematical basis for the core material. With the numerical basis for the modeling efforts outlined, the results of running a SIMULINK model of spacecraft dynamics with feedforward control will be briefly analyzed and explored. The analysis will cover the impacts of varying step size with various sinusoidal trajectory generation methodologies.
Diabetes, Hypertension, and Incidence of Chronic Kidney Disease: Is There any Multiplicative or Additive Interaction?
Authors: Erfanpoor Saeed , Etemad Koorosh , Kazempour Sara , Hadaegh Farzad , Hasani Jalil , Azizi Fereidoun , Parizadeh Donna , Khalili Davood
Published: November 2020

Background: The burden of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is on the rise worldwide; diabetes and hypertension are mentioned as the main contributors. Objectives: The current study aimed to investigate the multiplicative and additive interaction of diabetes and hypertension in the incidence of CKD. Methods: In this population-based cohort study, 7342 subjects aged 20 years or above (46.8% male) were divided into four groups: no diabetes and hypertension; diabetes and no hypertension; hypertension and no diabetes; and both diabetes and hypertension. The multivariable Cox regression was used to determine the effect of diabetes, hypertension, and their multiplicative interaction on CKD. The following indices were used to determine the additive interaction of diabetes and hypertension: the relative excess risk of interaction, the attributable proportion due to interaction, and the synergism index. Results: Diabetes and hypertension had no significant multiplicative interaction in men (hazard ratio of 0.93, P value: 0.764) and women (hazard ratio of 0.79, P value: 0.198); furthermore, no additive interaction was found in men (relative excess risk due to interaction of 0.79, P value: 0.199; attributable proportion due to interaction of 0.22, P value: 0.130; synergy index of 1.44, P value: 0.183) and women (relative excess risk due to interaction of -0.26, P value: 0.233, attributable proportion due to interaction of -0.21, P value: 0.266; synergy index of 0.48, P value: 0.254). Conclusions: This study demonstrated no synergic effect between diabetes and hypertension on the incidence of CKD.
Effectiveness of Cue-Based Feeding Versus Scheduled Feeding in Preterm Infants Using Comprehensive Feeding Assessment Scales: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Kamran Farideh , Khatoonabadi Ahmad Reza , Aghajanzadeh Mahshid , Ebadi Abbas , Faryadras Yaser , Sagheb Setareh
Published: November 2020

Background: One of the most critical criteria in making ready an infant for discharge from the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) is full oral feeding attainment. Objectives: The present study aimed at investigating the effectiveness of cue-based feeding in preterm infants. Methods: A randomized clinical trial study was designed to compare 37 preterm infants at a gestational age of ≤ 34 weeks in the cue-based feeding group (n = 18) and the scheduled feeding group (n = 19). All participants were evaluated by the Preterm Infant Oral Feeding Readiness Assessment Scale (PIOFRAS) and Early Feeding Skill (EFS) scale in four different stages. Outcome measures were weight (grams per day), duration of full oral feeding achievement, duration of hospitalization, postmenstrual age (PMA), and the score of PIOFRAS and EFS. A P-value of less than 0.05 has been considered statistically significant. Results: The duration of full oral feeding achievement was shorter in the cue-based feeding group (3.55 ± 1.24 vs 6.68 ± 2.00, P < 0.001). Infants were discharged earlier in the cue-based feeding group (15.55 ± 5.38 vs 27.10 ± 7.90, P < 0.001). The mean score of PIOFRAS only on the day of discharge in the cue-based feeding group was more than the scheduled feeding group (32.61 ± 1.14 vs 31.90 ± 0.87, P = 0.03). The score of EFS in each dimension was inconsistent in each stage, and differences were observed between two groups in the full oral feeding stage. Conclusions: Although PIOFRAS and EFS demonstrated no difference significantly in most of the stages of achievement in oral feeding between the cue-based feeding group and the scheduled feeding, the process of attainment of oral feeding and discharge from the hospital was more rapid in the cue-based feeding group.
New possible multidimensional models for classification of the basic level of pistol shooting skill
Authors: Dopsaj Milivoj , Marković Stefan , Prebeg Goran
Published: November 2020

The aim of this paper was to provide a possible methodological solution for monitoring of the marksmanship training progress and evaluation of the level of shooting skill acquisition with service pistol CZ99. The second aim was the idea of development of a screening model for gender-dependent classification of the police personal, other security personnel and sport-oriented personnel in relation to their basic marksmanship skill. The research sample included a total of 83 participants (Men = 53, Women = 30) initially divided into four qualitative categories according to the personal shooting experience and shooting skill level. The applied principal component analysis has revealed a highly stable structure of the component matrix of the extracted factor. The following variables had the highest descriptive value in relation to the shooting skill in the respective samples regardless of distance: Men - an averaged value of the hit circles on the target and rounds fired, the index of efficiency considering precision and a coefficient of variation of hit circle achieved during the shooting at the target; Women - an averaged value of the hit circles on the target and rounds fired, the index of efficiency considering precision, a coefficient of variation of hit circle achieved during the shooting at the target and the index of efficiency considering accuracy. On the basis of the obtained results highly statistically significant (p ≤ 0.000) specific multidimensional models were developed which enabled statistically significant classification of the participants relative to the pistol shooting skill classification. The accuracy of the defined equation model for estimation of shooting skill score classification was 59.7 and 61.5% for men and 68.6 and 68.0% for women in relation to the examined shooting distances of 6 and 10 m, respectively.
Possibilities of using biofuel ash in the cultivation of spring barley
Authors: Bunevičienė Kristina , Drapanauskaitė Donata , Mažeika Romas
Published: November 2020

Wood biofuel ash is a complex and heterogeneous mixture of inorganic crystalline and amorphous minerals together with organic matter. Biofuel ash is usually enriched with K, P, Ca and Mg, which are essential macronutrients for plant growth. Currently, a large proportion of biofuel ash is disposed of in landfills. However, ash processed into granular products can be used as a stand-alone or additional mineral fertilizer in agriculture. The aim of the research is to determine the chemical composition of biofuel ash and evaluate its suitability for the production of ash granules; also to evaluate the yield of spring barley grain and straw fertilized with bulk and granular biofuel ash, and the correlation between the yield and the amount of K2O applied by different fertilization products. The experiment was carried out in 2017–2018. Concentrations of heavy metals (Cr, Pb, Ni, Cd) and microelements (Zn and Cu) in wood biofuel ash did not exceed the permissible norms, and from them it was possible to produce fertilization products (ash granules) and use them in a vegetation experiment. During the experiment, it was found that the fertilization products significantly (P < 0.05) increased the yield of grown spring barley grains and straw in both years of the study, and the performed correlation regression analysis was positively strong in both years of the study (P < 0.01). The yield of spring barley increased with the increase of K2O content in fertilizer products.
Winter rape seeds germination of Cannabis sativa inflorescence aqueous extract
Authors: Malinauskaitė Regina
Published: November 2020

The experiment was carried out in the laboratories of the Institute of Biology and Plant Biotechnology of the Faculty of Agronomy, Vytautas Magnus University in 2018–2019. The aim of the study was to determine the allelopathic effect of 2, 1 and 0.5% solutions of Cannabis sativa L. inflorescence aqueous extract on the germination rates of winter rape ‘Cult’ cultivars prepared from the fresh extract and the extract stored for 30 days (1 month) and 45 days (1.5 months). The prepared extract was stored in a refrigerator (4 ± 1°C). The control was distilled water. Solutions from the freshly prepared extract and the extract stored for 30 days were found to inhibit seed germination power and to stimulate it after 45 days. Seed germination was most inhibited by a 2% solution of the freshly prepared inflorescence extract. After 30 days, the solutions prepared from the preserved extract had no significant effect on germination, and after 45 days, the solutions stimulated germination. The germination of the 1% concen­tration solution was by 10.14 relative units significantly higher than that of the control. Assessing the changes in roots and sprouts, it was found that essentially the shortest roots were when germinated in the 2% concentration solution, regardless of the storage time of the extract. In the solutions with 1 and 0.5% concentration, the sprouts lengthened with increasing the shelf-life of the extract. The lowest root/ sprout length ratio was in this solution. In the 1% solution, the sprouts grew consistently and the roots shortened. Changes in roots mass were more dependent on the concentration of the solution: as the concentration decreased, their mass increased. In the 0.5% solution, the weight of sprouts increased consistently with increasing the storage time of the extract. The evaluation of Vigour index based on the green mass of rape sprouts and roots showed that the concentration in 0.5% solutions through the whole experiment was significantly higher than in the control and increased with increasing the shelf-life of the extract.