bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
O papel religioso-cultural dos benditos do Quilombo Barra do Aroeira
Authors: Veloso João Paulo Fernandes dos Santos
Published: August 2024

Este artigo aborda a comunidade quilombola Barra do Aroeira, no Estado do Tocantins, destacando sua formação por descendentes de ex-escravos e a forte influência da fé católica, especialmente através dos benditos. Estes cânticos religiosos, transmitidos oralmente, desempenham um papel central nas festas e na vida cotidiana, moldando as práticas religiosas e sociais. Apesar do isolamento inicial e da escassez de recursos, a comunidade mantém sua identidade cultural e espiritual através dessas tradições. O estudo mostra como os benditos são uma alternativa válida à tradicional “Igreja dos Sacramentos”, uma vez que unem a comunidade em torno de rituais festivos e de devoção aos santos padroeiros, fundamentais para a coesão e para a transmissão intergeracional da cultura quilombola.
Genetic Predisposition to Type 1 Diabetes and Respiratory Failure in Pediatric Covid-19 Patients: A Mendelian Randomization Analysis
Authors: Uddin Mohammed Shahab , Al-Sofyani Khouloud Abdulrahman , Alahmadi Turki S.
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by SARS-CoV-2, has severely impacted children with Type 1 Diabetes (T1D), placing them at high risk for severe outcomes. Despite extensive observational data suggesting a link between T1D and severe COVID-19, there is a lack of understanding regarding the causal effects. This study aims to determine whether Type 1 diabetes (T1D) influences the risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes, particularly respiratory failure, in pediatric ICU patients.
Methods: This two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) study utilized genetic data from large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Genetic variants associated with T1D were used as instrumental variables to assess their impact on severe COVID-19 outcomes. The primary datasets included genetic data for T1D from 457,695 individuals (6,447 T1D cases) and severe COVID-19 outcomes from 3,790 individuals (1,610 severe cases). Various MR methods, including Inverse Variance Weighted (IVW), MR-Egger Regression, and Weighted Median, were employed to ensure robust causal inference and eliminate potential biases such as pleiotropy.
Results: The MR analysis revealed no causal relationship between T1D and severe COVID-19 outcomes in pediatric patients. Odds ratios (ORs) obtained using MR-Egger, Weighted Median, and IVW methods varied from 0.7648 to 0.9853, with p-values greater than 0.05, indicating no significant causal effect. Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of these findings, showing no evidence of heterogeneity or directional pleiotropy.
Conclusion: Our findings indicate no genetic causal link between T1D and severe respiratory failure from COVID-19 in children. These results contrast with numerous observational studies and suggest that metabolic dysfunction and other non-genetic factors should be the focus in managing this susceptible group. The insights gained are crucial for developing targeted interventions and improving clinical management strategies for pediatric ICU patients with T1D during the COVID-19 pandemic.
A Study of the Effect of Biochar Additive on the Manure–Compost–Soil Process and Its Bacterial Succession
Authors: He Xiang , He Li , Jiao Feiyang , Zhang Kan , He Xueqin
Published: August 2024

Manure-compost-soil is the main pathway for the use of agricultural livestock waste. Biochar, regarded as the conditioner, was beneficial to nitrogen fixation during aerobic composting, and was to the enhancement of soil organic matter (OM) and nitrogen content, when applied with compost to the soil. But, the manure-compost-soil process was also related to microbial succession, whether biochar could affect this succession was not studied. In this paper, we investigated the influence of biochar on the manure-compost-soil process and its microbial community succession. Compared with the control group, biochar increased the OM and total nitrogen content of the compost. Biochar, compost and biochar-based compost improved the total carbon (TC) and OM of the soil. The genera of the initial composting sample were Saccharomonospora, Atopostipes and Lactobacillus, and were eliminated after high-temperature fermentation. Lysobacter, Glutamicibacter and Streptomyces were the dominant genera in the soil samples, promoting plant growth. Nocardiopsis, Saccharomonospora, Bacillus and Oceanobacillus dominated the genera in the whole manure-compost-soil process. Thus, aerobic composting could eliminate the toxic or negative bacteria that were directly input into the soil by manure. Those genera from compost or biochar-based compost flux into the soil could make an important contribution to OM’s cycle.
Application of Anomaly Detection to Identifying Aggressive Pig Behaviors Using Reconstruction Loss Inversion
Authors: Kim Hyunsoo , Kim Yu Sung Edward , Devira Fania Ardelia , Yi Mun Yong
Published: August 2024

Increasing concerns on animal welfare in commercial pig industry include aggression between pigs as it affects their health and growth. Early detection of aggressive behaviors is essential for optimizing their living environment. A major challenge for detection is that these behaviors are observed occasionally in normal conditions. Under this circumstance, a limited amount of aggressive behavior data will lead to class imbalance issue, making it difficult to develop an effective classification model for the detection of aggressive behaviors. To overcome this problem, we approach the aggressive behavior detection problem as a case of anomaly detection rather than classification and propose a model based on anomaly detection, which can better handle unbalanced class distribution and effectively detect the infrequent, aggressive episodes of pigs. The model consists of a convolutional neural network (CNN) and a variational long short-term memory (LSTM) autoencoder. Additionally, we adopted a training method similar to weakly supervised anomaly detection and included a few aggressive behavior data in the training set for prior learning. To effectively utilize the aggressive behavior data, we created Reconstruction Loss Inversion, a novel objective function, to train the autoencoder-based model to increase the reconstruction error of aggressive behaviors by inverting the loss function. Our anomaly detection approach significantly outperforms traditional classification-based methods, effectively identifying aggressive behaviors in a natural farming environment. This method offers a robust solution for detecting aggressive animal behaviors and contributes to improving their welfare.
Molecular and Clinical Features of Pancreatic Acinar Cell Carcinoma: A Single Institution Case Series
Authors: Balachandran Pillai Ashwathy , Yousef Mahmoud , Yousef Abdelrahman , Alfaro Kristin D. , Smaglo Brandon G , Willis Jason , Wolff Robert A , Pant Shubham , Hurd Mark W , Maitra Anirban , Wang Huamin , Katz Mathew Harold G , Prakash Laura R , Tzeng Ching-Wei D , Snyder Rebecca , Castelnovo Luca F , Chen Anthony , Kravets Andrey , Tarasov Artem , Kudriavtseva Ksenia , Kryukov Kirill , Ying Haoqiang , Shen John Paul , Zhao Dan
Published: August 2024

Acinar cell carcinoma (ACC) accounts for about 1% of pancreatic cancers. The molecular and clinical features of ACC are less characterized than pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. We retrospectively evaluated the clinical and molecular features of ACC patients who underwent germline and/or somatic molecular testing at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center from 2008 to 2022. Patient information was extracted from our institutional database with the approval of Institutional Review Board. We identified 16 patients with available molecular testing results. Fourteen patients had metastatic disease, 1 had borderline resectable disease, and 1 had localized resectable disease at diagnosis. Fifteen patients were wild type for KRAS (1 patient had unknown KRAS status). Somatic/germline mutations of DNA damage repair genes (BRCA1/2, PALB2, and ATM) were present in 5 of 12 patients tested for these genes. One patient was found to have RET fusion and responded favorably to selpercatinib for over 42 months. The median overall survival (OS) was 24 months for patients with metastatic disease. One of the additional two cases which had BostonGene tests was found to have NTRK1 fusion. RNA and TME analysis by BostonGene of the two cases reported immune desert features and relatively lower RNA levels of CEACAM5, CD47, CD74 and MMP1 and higher CDH6 compared with PDAC.
Growth, Evapotranspiration, Gas Exchange and Ch a Fluorescence of Ipê‐Rosa Seedlings at Different Levels of Water Replacement
Authors: Silva Kalisto Natam Carneiro , Silva Andréa Carvalho da , Borella Daniela Roberta , Carneiro Samuel Silva , Santos Leonardo Martins Moura dos , Jorge Matheus Caneles Batista , Magosso Beatriz Feltrin , Pizzatto Mariana , Souza Adilson Pacheco de
Published: August 2024

This paper aimed to evaluate the growth, gas exchange and Chl a fluorescence in ipê-rosa seedlings, subjected to levels of 100, 75, 50 and 25% of water replacement (LWR), in a greenhouse. The morphometric variables of plant height, diameter at stem height, number of leaves and leaflets, root length and volume, plant dry mass and leaf area were evaluated. The potential evapotranspiration of seedlings (ETc) was obtained using direct weighing, considering as a reference the water replacement of 100% of the mass variation between subsequent days; the cultivation coefficients (kc) were obtained by the ratio between ETc and the reference evapotranspiration (ETo) obtained by the Penman-Montheit FAO-56 method. Biomass and evapotranspiration data were combined to determine water sensitivity. Diurnal fluxes of gas exchange (net photosynthesis rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, internal and atmospheric carbon ratio, water use efficiency and leaf temperature) and Chl a fluorescence (Fv/Fm, ΦPSII, ETR, Fv’/Fm’, NPQ and qL) were evaluated. Water restriction caused reductions of 90.9 and 84.7% in the increase in height and diameter of seedlings subjected to 25% water replacement when compared to seedlings with 100% water replacement, while biomass accumulation reduced by 96.9%. The kc values increased throughout the seedling production cycle, ranging from 0.59 to 2.86. Maximum water sensitivity occurred at 50% water replacement, with Ky = 1.62. Maximum carbon assimilation rates occurred in the morning, ranging from 6.11 to 12.50 µmol m-2 s-1. Ipê-rosa seedlings regulate the physiology of growth, gas exchange, and Chl a fluorescence depending on the amount of water available, and only 25% of the water re-placement in the substrate allows the seedlings to survive.
Interstitial N-Doped TiO2 for Photocatalytic Methylene Blue Degradation under Visible Light Irradiation
Authors: Li Dezheng , Calebe Vilanculo Clesio , Li Yuqiao , Liu Huimin , Lei Yiming
Published: August 2024

Photocatalysis is a promising method for methylene blue (MB) degradation due to its effectiveness and environmental compatibility. Among photocatalysts, titanium dioxide (TiO2) has been widely used for MB degradation due to its exceptional photocatalytic activity. However, the wide bandgap limits the degradation efficiency of TiO2 under visible light. Herein, an interstitial nitrogen-doped TiO2 (5%NT/TiO2) used thiourea as the N source is fabricated for the visible light-derived MB degradation. 5%NT/TiO2 exhibits an extended visible light absorption range. Besides, photoelectrochemical measurement shows an improvement in photocurrent response and charge transfer behavior on N/TiO2. Thus, 5%NT/TiO2 has enhanced photocatalytic activity compared to pristine TiO2 and substitutive N-doped TiO2 (5%NAB/TiO2). The accelerated photocatalytic MB degradation process on N/TiO2 should be mainly attributed to the interstitial N doping, which causes the appearance of new energy states and extended optical properties.
Gestational Interrelationships among Gut-Metabolism-Transcriptome in Regulating Early Embryo Implantation and Placental Development in Mice
Authors: He Maozhang , Lin Shuai , Liang Yuqi , Geng Jingqi , Yan Yunfei , Ding Ruipei
Published: August 2024

Decidualization of the uterine endometrium is a critical process for embryo implantation in mammals, primarily occurring on gestational day 8 in pregnant mice. However, the interplay between the maternal gut microbiome, metabolism, and the uterus at this specific time point remains poorly understood. This study employed a multi-omics approach to investigate the metabolic, gut microbiome, and transcriptomic changes associated with early pregnancy (gestational day 8 (E8)) in mice. Serum metabolomics revealed a distinct metabolic profile in E8 compared to controls, with differential metabolites primarily enriched in amino acid metabolism pathways. Gut microbial composition showed that E8 mice exhibited higher alpha-diversity and a significant shift of beta-diversity. Specifically, the E8 group displayed a decrease in pathogenic Proteobacteria and an increase in beneficial Bacteroidetes and S24-7 taxa. Transcriptomics identified myriads of distinct gene between E8 and control mice. The differentially expressed genes were enriched in pathways involved in Alanine, Aspartate and Glutamate metabolism, PI3K-Akt signaling, and PPAR signaling pathway. Integrative analysis of the multi-omics data uncovered potential mechanistic relationships among the differential metabolites, gut microbiota, and uterine gene expression changes. Notably, the gene Asns showed strong correlations with specific gut S24-7 and metabolite L-Aspartatic acid, suggesting its potential role in mediating the crosstalk between the maternal environment and embryo development during early pregnancy. These findings provide valuable insights into the complex interplay between the maternal metabolome, gut microbiome, and uterine transcriptome in the context of early pregnancy, which may contribute to our understanding of the underlying mechanisms of embryo implantation and development.
From Blueprint to Reality: Confronting Carbon Roadblocks in Jordanian Apartments
Authors: Zeadat Zayed F.
Published: August 2024

Apartment buildings, which make up 83% of all structures in Jordan, play a crucial role in the country's construction sector. This study examines the main barriers that are preventing the implementation of low-carbon emission techniques in these buildings. It uses the Fuzzy Delphi Method to collect ideas from 14 housing investors. The results suggest that a major obstacle is the insufficient knowledge among end-users regarding environmental concerns, along with financial limitations, resulting in a lack of enthusiasm for low-carbon construction initiatives. Moreover, insufficient cooperation between consultants and contractors leads to subpar constructability, which is worsened by the prevailing conventional procurement method that prioritizes cost and schedule above environmental consequences. To further investigate, it is advisable to examine the utilization of contemporary procurement methods, such as Design-Build and Construction Management, in the housing industry of Jordan. These alternative methods have the potential to solve the current difficulties by promoting more effective and environmentally friendly building practices. This will help increase the use of low-carbon emission solutions and improve the overall sustainability of Jordan's construction sector.
Visualization of Median Nerve Entrapment After Reduction of an Elbow Fracture Dislocation Using 3-Dimensional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Gross Preston W. , Meza Blake C. , Nimura Clare A. , Sneag Darryl B. , Trehan Samir K. , Fabricant Peter D.
Published: August 2024

Case:

A 10-year-old girl presented after closed reduction of an elbow fracture dislocation. She demonstrated intact vascularity but a dense median nerve palsy. Preoperative magnetic resonance neurography (MRN) precisely mapped the median nerve entrapped within the medial epicondylar fracture. Intraoperatively, the median nerve was freed preceding reduction and fracture fixation. Postoperatively, neurological symptoms completely resolved, and she regained full elbow function.

Conclusion:

Median nerve injury can present without associated vascular injury. In this case, MRN was helpful in preoperatively illustrating the spatial relationship between the median nerve and the medial epicondyle.
Pengembangan Kompetensi Sumberdaya Manusia dalam Rangka Meningkatkan Pelayanan Publik LPP Radio Republik Indonesia Samarinda
Authors: Riyanto Andik
Published: August 2024

Berbicara tentang birokrasi bahwa masyarakat begitu peka dengan istilah birokrasi dan hampir semua lapisan sosial mengenal sebutan birokrasi, terutama di kalangan terdidik. Untuk mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis bentuk-bentuk pengembangan kompetensi sumber daya manusia, kesulitan pelayan dan faktor pendukung dan penghambat yang dilakukan Lembaga Penyiaran Publik (LPP) Radio Republik Indonesia (RRI) Samarinda dalam upaya meningkatkan efektivitas kerja pegawai. Jenis penelitian ini termasuk penelitian deskriptif dan akan dianalisis secara kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa 1) pengembangan kompetensi sumber daya manusia di lingkuan LPP RRI Samarinda belum sepenuhnya dapat meningkatkan kompetensi apartur, 2) Kurang optimalnya pengembangan kompetensi aparatur di lingkungan (LPP) Radio Republik Indonesia (RRI) Lembaga Penyiaran Publik marinda dapat diidentifikasi dari keterlibatan pegawai yang mengikuti dikan formal dan jenis pelatihan, 3) pengembangan kompetensi dalam bentuk diklatpim ternyata membawa pengembangan kompeten ensi terhadap peningkatan kemampuan manajeriil bagi pegawai, 4) mutasi pegawai karena adanya kebijakan subjektif, 5) pemerian kewenangan di LPP RRI cukup baik, dan 6) efektifitas kerja di LPP RRI belum menunjukkan optimal.
Mengembangkan Pembelajaran Dengan Media Youtube Pada Mata Pelajaran PAI Di SMA
Authors: Yamin Muhammad , Sultan Lucky Purnama , Hidayah Miftahul , Syaputra Mochammad Rizky , Wardhana Kautsar Eka
Published: August 2024

Virus Covid-19 menjadi awal dari perubahan wajah bangsa dunia, salah satu bidang yang terkena dampaknya adalah bidang pendidikan. Pemerintah melalui Kemendikbud memberikan kebijakan baru berupa pembelajaran jarak jauh. Siswa melaksanakan pembelajaran dari rumah namun tetap dalam pengawasan guru. Komunikasi online menjadi salah satu kunci agar program pendidikan tetap berjalan dengan baik. Oleh karena itu, hal ini menjadi permasalahan baru dimana guru dituntut untuk menyediakan materi pembelajaran yang menarik dan sesuai dengan karakteristik siswa. Saat ini banyak sekali platform media online yang dapat digunakan dalam pembelajaran, salah satunya adalah YouTube. YouTube adalah media sosial atau situs web berbagi video yang mana dalam pengelompokan video terdapat beberapa kategori seperti hiburan, olahraga, pendidikan, dan lain sebagainya. Dengan memanfaatkan aplikasi YouTube ini sebagai media pembelajaran dapat meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran.
Efek Penggunaan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Picture and Picture Pada Hasil Belajar IPA Siswa Kelas IV MI Sullamul Hidayah Samarinda
Authors: Salmitha Lely , Kadir Marniati
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini di latar belakangi dari hasil belajar siswa yang masih rendah. Dapat dilihat dari rata-rata nilai siswa yang masih belum mencapai kriteria ketuntasan minimal (KKM). Hal ini dikarenakan siswa masih sulit membedakan daur hidup hewan seperti metamorfosis sempurna dan metamorfosis tidak sempurna. Penting bagi guru untuk menarik perhatian semua siswa serta menumbuhkan rasa keingintahuan siswa agar mendapatkan hasil belajar yang memuaskan salah satunya dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe picture and picture dengan menggunakan gambar-gambar yang konkrit dalam bentuk kartu/cerita. Metode dalam penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kuantitatif eksperimen dengan desain penelitian Pre-test Post-test Non Equivalent Control Group Design. Eksperimen yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini menggunakan Quasi Experimental. Hasil dari N-Gain kelas eksperimen dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe picture and picture yaitu 0,51 dan hasil dari N-Gain kelas kontrol menggunakan metode konvensional yaitu 0,34. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh model Pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Picture and Picture terhadap hasil belajar IPA materi daur hidup hewan pada siswa kelas IV di MI Sullamul Hidayah Samarinda.
The Principal's Strategy in Madrasah Development at MTs MIC Samarinda
Authors: Sukmawati Sukmawati , Rusdi Rusdi
Published: August 2024

Banyaknya penghargaan yang diterima oleh MTs MIC Samarinda tentunya tidak dapat dipisahkan dari strategi kepala sekolah, sehingga tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui strategi kepala sekolah dalam pengembangan madrasah dan pelaksanaannya. Penelitian ini berjenis kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data menggunakan model Miles dan Huberman dengan teknik kondensasi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Sumber data primer dalam penelitian ini adalah kepala sekolah, tiga orang wakil kepala sekolah (bidang kurikulum, kesiswaan, dan sarana-prasarana), serta dua orang guru. Hasil yang diperoleh terkait dengan strategi kepala sekolah, yaitu: (1) Analisis dan pemberian skala prioritas sarana-prasarana. (2) Pengembangan, pelatihan, dan perumusan kurikulum. (3) Mengontrol jalannya program dan evaluasi. (4) Rekrutmen guru menyesuaikan kualifikasi dan pemberian pelatihan setiap tahun. (5) Peningkatan jumlah siswa dan pengelolaan sumber pendapatan dengan baik
 
The many achievements achieved by MTs MIC Samarinda certainly could not be separated from the principal's strategy, so the purpose of this research was to determine the principal's strategy in madrasah development and its implementation. This research was qualitative type with descriptive approach. Data Collection using observation, interview, and documentation techniques. Data analysis using Miles and Huberman models with data condensation techniques, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The primary data sources in this research are school principals, three vice principals (for curriculum, student affairs, and infrastructure), also two teachers. The results obtained from this research are related to the principal's strategy carried out, which: (1) Analyze and scale infrastructure priorities. (2) Curriculum development, training, and formulation. (3) Control of running programs and evaluation. (4) Recruitment of teachers according to qualifications and given training every year. (5) The increase in the student population is accompanied by the management of sources of income
Preventing Knowledge Loss in Gojek by Assessing the Company’s Readiness to Implement Knowledge Management
Authors: Saptono Savitha , Hendarman Achmad Fajar
Published: August 2024

The objective of this research would be to understand the readiness level of Gojek in introducing knowledge management in the company , understand the strength and areas of improvement for Gojek’s knowledge management, and discover the tools that can be used to implement knowledge management in Gojek. The main method used to get primary data is through the quantitative method and is collected via questionnaire, while the qualitative data used  to further enrich the main data collected is through forum group discussions. The results showed that Gojek is still at the expansion phase, where the efforts of knowledge management is present in several business units and the company see’s the benefits of knowledge sharing.  Gojek could further develop itself by using people as its accelerator and become champions of knowledge. Having a committed people team would further create a knowledge sharing culture that could be followed by the whole pod of the company. In order for the employee to have a single source of knowledge, it is important to create a knowledge management tool which can be done by leveraging the existing portal that Gojek already has for employees: OneGojek. What needs to be added is the ability to store employee knowledge in order to make information accessible for all employees.
Obesidad en adultos
Authors: Barquera Simón , Hernández-Barrera Lucía , Oviedo-Solís Cecilia , Rodríguez-Ramírez Sonia , Monterrubio-Flores Eric , Trejo-Valdivia Belem , Martínez-Tapia Brenda , Aguilar-Salinas Carlos , Galván-Valencia Oscar , Chávez-Manzanera Emma , Rivera-Dommarco Juan , Campos-Nonato Ismael
Published: August 2024

Objetivo. Describir la prevalencia de obesidad en adultos de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición Continua 2020-2023 (Ensanut Continua 2020-2023), sus principales características sociodemográficas, su asociación con enfermedades crónicas, factores de riesgo y consumo de bebidas energéticas industrializadas (BEI), así como las tendencias en los últimos 23 años, para contribuir en la generación de evidencia para el diseño de políticas de salud pública. Material y métodos. Se analizó la información de 32 889 participantes para caracterizar a la población adulta mexicana por grupos de índice de masa corporal (IMC) y estratificados por variables sociodemográficas. Se usaron modelos de regresión logística para estimar las asociaciones de esos grupos con las variables de interés. Finalmente, se exploró la tendencia de los grupos de IMC en las últimas seis encuestas nacionales (2000-2023). Resultados. La prevalencia de obesidad en adultos fue 37.1% (41.0% mujeres, 33.0% hombres). El porcentaje de energía proveniente de BEI fue el doble en hombres que en mujeres (6.8 vs. 3.3%). Los hombres del cuartil más alto del porcentaje de energía proveniente de BEI tuvieron 2.29 veces mayor posibilidad de tener obesidad (p<0.05). Hubo un aumento continuo y significativo en la prevalencia de obesidad en el periodo 2000-2012, pero entre 2016-2023 no se observaron diferencias significativas (p>0.05). Conclusiones. La prevalencia nacional de obesidad en adultos mostró un incremento de 41.7% en el periodo 2000-2016. A partir del 2016 hubo una estabilización de la tendencia. El alto consumo de BEI aumenta la posibilidad de tener obesidad. Se requieren intervenciones con una visión integral y multisistémica que permitan la prevención y control de la obesidad.
Búsqueda de atención y utilización de servicios en el primer nivel, 2006-2023
Authors: Bautista-Arredondo Sergio A , Vargas-Flores Adriana , Colchero-Aragonés M Arantxa
Published: August 2024

Objetivo. Describir y analizar las decisiones de búsqueda de atención y del uso de servicios de salud públicos entre 2006 y 2023. Material y métodos. Utilizamos datos de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición (Ensanut) del 2006, 2012, 2018 y la Ensanut Continua del 2020 al 2023, así como datos históricos de unidades de salud públicas y privadas, ajustadas por población. Resultados. Mientras que el aumento en la afiliación al Seguro Popular entre 2006 y 2012 no se asoció con un incremento en la decisión de buscar atención ni en la utilización de servicios públicos, la expansión de los consultorios adyacentes a farmacias –entre 2012 y 2018– sí se asoció con un crecimiento en la búsqueda (de 64 a 88% de la población con algún problema de salud) y acceso a atención médica. Finalmente, la desaparición del Seguro Popular tampoco se asocia con una reducción en la decisión de búsqueda de atención. Conclusiones. El sector privado atiende aproximadamente a la mitad de la población con una necesidad de salud en México. Las implicaciones sobre la equidad y el bienestar de los hogares mexicanos son importantes, por ello, una de las prioridades del sistema público de salud en el futuro es mejorar su accesibilidad y su calidad para persuadir a la población de usar los servicios públicos.
Developing Web GIS Based Campus Navigation: A Case of Wachemo University, Ethiopia
Authors: Kebede Tariku , Dessalegn Adamu
Published: August 2024

Currently, the campus area is gradually expanding with the increasing number of university students. Consequently, it is difﬁcult for freshmen or visiting staff to ﬁnd a speciﬁc building at the campus. The aim of the study was to Develop Campus Web GIS Navigation System of the study area by using Geospatial technology. This research is mainly design to carry out the campus navigation of study area to provide better understanding of campus environments to all the stake holders like students, technical support staffs, academic staff, administrative support staffs and unfamiliar. Not only this but also used for integrating up to date information into campus navigation that will be used by concerned authorities to make any developmental plans and implement policies and programs. The general procedures to create web map navigation application are Geo-referencing Image, digitization, Road Network Analysis, Overlay Analysis and finally, a Web GIS Based Campus Navigation System has developed. The main activity of the system application is the map activity. It displays the campus map of the Wachemo University. The user can zoom and scroll this map to get his/her desired places. The building map is the basic layer of this screen. The end user can access by using thislink:https://wcu-webmap.github.io/Web-Map-of-WCU/
Adherence to time-restricted eating during pregnancy and effect on glycemic control in people with increased risk of gestational diabetes – a feasibility randomized controlled trial
Authors: Skarstad Hanna M.S. , Haganes Kamilla L. , Sujan Md Abu Jafar , Gellein Trine M. , Johansen Mariell K. , Salvesen Kjell Å. , Hawley John A. , Moholdt Trine
Published: August 2024

Time-restricted eating (TRE) is a nutritional intervention that confines the daily time-window for energy intake. TRE reduces fasting glucose concentrations in non-pregnant individuals, but whether this eating protocol is feasible and effective for glycemic control in pregnancy is unknown. The aim of this randomized controlled trial was to investigate the adherence to and effect of a 5-week TRE intervention (maximum 10 h daily eating window) among pregnant individuals at risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), compared with a usual-care control group. Participants underwent 2-h oral glucose tolerance tests and estimation of body composition, before and after the intervention. Interstitial glucose levels were continuously measured, and adherence rates and ratings of hunger were recorded daily. Thirty of 32 participants completed the trial. Participants allocated to TRE reduced their daily eating window from 12.3 (SD 1.3) to 9.9 (SD 1.0) h, but TRE did not affect glycemic measures, blood pressure, or body composition, compared with the control group. TRE increased hunger levels in the evening, but not in the morning, and induced only small changes in dietary intake. Adhering to a 5-week TRE intervention was feasible for pregnant individuals with increased risk of GDM but had no effect on cardiometabolic outcomes.
Systematic review of wearables assessing medication effect on motor function and symptoms in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Packer Emma , Debelle Heloise , Bailey Harry , Rehman Rana Zia Ur , Yarnall Alison , Rochester Lynn , Alcock Lisa , Din Silvia Del
Published: August 2024

To improve motor function and symptoms, people with Parkinson’s (PwP) take dopaminergic medication. Wearable technology (WT) can provide objective and continuous insights of medication effects in PwP. This review aims to identify previous research which uses WT to quantify the effect of medication on motor function and symptoms in PwP. Nine databases were searched between January 2000-2023; sixty-eight studies were included. Study quality was assessed using Downs and Black quality appraisal tool. PRISMA guidelines were followed. Across the included studies, medication effect on 13 motor functions/symptoms was assessed, with medication improving gait speed, step length, tremor, dyskinesia, and bradykinesia, but impairing balance. Most studies were performed in controlled environments, exploring short-term medication effects (e.g., one hour), and fifty-one different WTs were placed across twenty locations on the body. To facilitate more granular insights for PwP, future research should explore continuous effects of medication in real-world settings and define gold-standard protocols.Trial Registration:PROSPERO 2022 CRD42022310018
A Seamless Gbps Hybrid FSO/THz Communication System with Intelligent Switching: Experiment and Analysis
Authors: Han Chong , Gao Weijun , Liu Ke , Chen Zhi
Published: August 2024

The advancement of hybrid free-space optical/radio frequency (FSO/RF) communication holds promise in improving link reliability and resilience against diverse weather conditions. However, the limited data rates of conventional RF bands, typically in the range of several Mbps, restrict the performance of high-speed wireless systems. To address this challenge, we replace the low-rate RF link with a Gbps-level Terahertz (THz) communication link, resulting in a hybrid FSO/THz (140GHz/1550nm) communication system. Specifically, in the experiment with a 1m*1m*1m fog chamber with variable visibility, a seamless data transmission of 10Gbps(FSO)/1.6Gbps(THz) over a 20m distance with no outage is demonstrated. Moreover, to facilitate efficient decision-making between FSO and THz links, we propose an intelligent switching strategy based on a deep neural network, implemented on a field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) using the PYNQ framework.
FPGAs offer a compact and energy-efficient solution, making them suitable for deploying machine learning models in resource-constrained environments. This approach ensures efficient link selection and maintains continuous connectivity without any outage.
Fusion of automatically learned rhythm and morphology features matches diagnostic criteria and enhances AI explainability
Authors: Hammer Alexander , Goettling Marc , Malberg Hagen , Linke Axel , Richter Sergio , Mangner Norman , Schmidt Martin
Published: August 2024

Deep learning (DL) has demonstrated high accuracy in ECG analysis but lacks in explainability. Although explanations can be estimated using explainable artificial intelligence, their causality has not yet been sufficiently investigated. We present a generalizable method for extensively validating the DL explanations’ causality by relating them to clinically relevant ECG characteristics. We applied xECGArch, combining a long-term and a short-term model, for atrial fibrillation (AF) detection in 1,521 single-lead ECGs, achieving an accuracy of 96.3%. The explanations match the diagnostic criteria of AF regarding rhythm and morphology. While the short-term model emphasizes morphology features such as P and fibrillatory waves, the long-term model focuses on QRS complexes. Moreover, the long-term model explanations strongly correlate with rhythm (\(p<0.001\)). For improved clinical interpretability, we introduce a fused representation (xFuseMap), highlighting relevant explanations for rhythm and morphology. We thus demonstrate an explainable and interpretable DL application with potential for providing diagnostic support.
The Z-Ring in Multicellular Cyanobacteria has a dynamic pearl necklace arrangement
Authors: Vásquez Mónica , Olivares Jorge , Molina Derly Andrade , González-Crespo Annia , Silva-Guzmán Marcial , Conesa José , Cordero Maria Luisa , Monasterio Octavio , Valpuesta José
Published: August 2024

Z-ring formation by FtsZ in the midcell is a key event in bacterial cell division. Results obtained with different super-resolution techniques have shown that the Z-ring is discontinuous, while live cell imaging has shown that FtsZ moves by treadmilling. In multicellular cyanobacteria, there have been no studies on the structure or dynamics of the Z-ring. In this study, we generated fully segregant mutants that express FtsZ fusions with fluorescent tags under the control of the native promoter in Anabaena sp., in which the Z-ring resembles a pearl necklace of dynamic arrangement with mobilization of FtsZ on the seconds scale. Division along filaments is asynchronous; however, manipulating the light conditions improves cell synchronization. Using correlative microscopy, we demonstrate that the DNA remains in the septum during constriction, therefore, the nucleoid occlusion mechanism does not apply here. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first live imaging of Z-ring behavior using fully segregated FtsZ mutants in a multicellular bacterial system.
Investigating the effect of ondansetron in reducing myoclonic movements caused by intravenous administration of etomidate
Authors: Alipour Mohammad , Firuzabadi Seyed Javad Purafzali
Published: August 2024

Background: Etomidate is a short-acting intravenous anesthetic used to induce general anesthesia. However, myoclonus caused by the administration of etomidate is seen in 50-80% of untreated patients. Due to the high prevalence of myoclonus following etomidate injection, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of ondansetron in reducing myoclonic movements caused by the intravenous administration of etomidate.
Method: The current research was a double-blind clinical study conducted on 72 adult patients who were candidates for elective eye surgery and had visited Khatam Al-Anbia Eye Hospital affiliated to Mashhad University of Medical Sciences between November to December 2022. Before sampling, the designed proposal was approved by the Ethics Committee of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. Candidate patients for elective eye surgery with ASA class I-II were selected using the available sampling method. Prior to study entrance the study protocol was fully explained and an informed consent was obtained from each participant.
The patients were randomly assigned into two groups; 4 mg (IV) ondansetron was prescribed for the study group and 5 cc of normal saline (IV) was administered for the placebo group. The mentioned drugs were administered as a pre-medication 180 seconds before etomidate induction with a dosage of 0.3 mg/kg. After examining and recording the induced myoclonus, a full dose of narcotics and muscle relaxants was prescribed for each patient.
Results: Each group consisted of 36 patients who did not differ significantly in terms of age, gender, comorbidities and ASA class. The mean time of myoclonus in the placebo and ondansetron groups was 43.48±53.17 and 14.07±5.75, respectively, which was significantly shorter in the ondansetron group (Z=-5.19, P<0.005). The severity (χ2=14.62, P<0.005) and incidence (χ2=25.89, P<0.005) of myoclonus were also significantly lower in the ondansetron group compared to placebo.
Conclusion: The administration of ondansetron in combination with etomidate can have a remarkable effect on reducing the duration and severity of myoclonus induced by etomidate.
Nurse management of low complexity problems in primary care emergency departments: A non randomised controlled trial
Authors: COROMINAS Jordi ESTARLICH , ABRIL Neus SOLER , CHUECOS Anna CASANELLAS , CORZO Sara BECERRA , BIANCO Andrea Sofia , MONSERRAT Pere TORÁN , GARCÍA-SIERRA Rosa
Published: August 2024

Background
Health systems must implement strategies to adapt to the social changes caused by high demand in primary care. Since 2009, the Catalan Institute of Health has been expanding the Nursing Management of Demand programme through which nursing autonomously addresses low-complexity health problems. This study aims to analyse whether this programme is a factor in improving the efficiency and quality of care in a primary care emergency centre.
Method: non-randomized controlled experimental study that contrasted the implementation of the programme applied to an experimental group treated by nursing versus a control group treated by medicine. The study was approved on 14 July 2022 by the Research Ethics Committee of the Jordi Gol University Institute following the guidelines of the TREND declaration.
Results: A total of 312 patients were included in the study, all of whom came to the emergency centre with five types of low-complexity health problems. 156 were attended by nursing and 156 were attended by medicine. The experimental group were seen in 15.1 minutes and the control group in 33.25 minutes. There was no significant difference in the assessment of the quality of care received and there were no differences in the number of consultations for the same problem. Prescription by nurses was lower, with an average of 1.79 medicines per participant versus 2.26 medicines prescribed by doctors.
Conclusion: The results of the study suggest that Nursing Management of Demand was a factor in improving the efficiency and quality of care in the emergency centre. Nursing resolution capacity, after applying algorithms, offered quality care, with fewer medicine prescriptions and good patient satisfaction without increasing the number of consultations due to the same problem.
Trial registration: The protocol of the current study was registered at Clinicaltrials.gov, with identification NCT06298240.
Predictive Modelling of 6-Fluoro-3-Hydroxy-2-Pyrazine Carboxamide Drug Delivery Efficacy in Pegylated Bionanocomposite Through First Principles Simulation
Authors: Adekoya Oluwasegun Chijioke , Adekoya Gbolahan Joseph , Liu Wanjun , Sadiku Emmanuel Rotimi , Hamam Yskandar
Published: August 2024

This research investigates the drug delivery efficacy for 6-fluoro-3-hydroxy-2-pyrazinecarboxamide (Favipiravir) in PEGylated bionanocomposites using a predictive modelling approach. The study focuses on understanding the interaction mechanisms between Favipiravir (FAV) and polyethylene glycol (PEG)/graphene oxide (GO) (GO/PEG) nanosheets, across various environmental conditions. To evaluate drug delivery efficacy, the following key parameters were calculated: adsorption energies ranging from-202.61 to -3.46 kcal/mol indicating the strength of binding between the drug and nanocarrier; net charge transfer values between -0.222 to 0.373 electrons, reflecting the degree of charge migration; release times spanning a wide range from 3.4×10−14 to 2.38×10132 ms, which impacts the drug release kinetics; and thermodynamic parameters such as changes in Gibbs free energy (ΔG) between 183.34 and 16.95 kcal/mol, and changes in enthalpy (ΔH) between -203.64 and 0.55 kcal/mol, providing insights into the favorability and spontaneity of the drug-nanocarrier interactions. The results show that incorporating PEG onto GO nanosheets enhances adsorption energies and binding affinities for Favipiravir. Environmental factors and PEGylation influence the charge transfer and non-covalent interactions. PEGylation leads to faster Favipiravir release kinetics. Favorable thermodynamics are observed, especially in aqueous environments. Electronic properties, quantum descriptors, and theoretical spectra provide further insights into molecular interactions.
HyDD: Hybrid Defect Detection Framework for Inspection using X-ray CT Data
Authors: Chahid Abderrazak , Khan Md. Jamiul Alam , A.Gabbar Hossam
Published: August 2024

In most manufacturing and assembly industries, such as automotive, aerospace, and nuclear power plants, it is critical to inspect the integrity of the used parts and components to avoid possible system failure for safety and quality control reasons. In addition, an unexpected failure causes extra costs due to the additional costs of maintenance, reparations, or even service delivery delays. Therefore, building an automated inspection system using industrial testing techniques such as Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) using X-ray computerized tomography (CT) is highly recommended. This paper proposes a Hybrid Defect Detection (HyDD) to automate the inspection process and improve defect detection accuracy. The proposed framework investigates incorporating deep learning and image processing techniques to enhance inspection performance and build an adaptive inspection system. The proposed method is validated using a real X-ray CT dataset with different types of defect scenarios. The results show that the proposed method could detect most defects and achieve up to 88% of the average detection rate. The proposed framework could be extended to defect-type recognition using object detection or semantic segmentation deep learning models.
Cholecystectomy effectively reduces the gallstones-induced risk of some gastrointestinal tumors: A real-world study
Authors: Yang Zelong , He Kun , Yang Kai , Cui Xin , Han Dandan , Gao Wenjie , Xia Jielai , Li Chen , Chen Yong
Published: August 2024

Background
Currently, there is a scarcity of concrete evidence regarding the connection between cholecystectomy and the risk of developing gastrointestinal (GI) cancer. Our main objective was to delve deeper into this association further and explore any potential relationships.
Method
We extracted more than 20 million medical reimbursement records from the healthcare database of the Shanghai Medical Insurance Center in 2007. Following a predetermined screening strategy using the International Classification of Diseases (ICD), we continued our observation of the medical records of the screened patients for a decade during the follow-up. We segregated the sifted patients into two distinct cohorts: those who underwent cholecystectomy for gallstones (CG cohort) and those who received conservative treatment for gallstones (CTG cohort). Additionally, we randomly sampled a blank control cohort consisting of individuals who were neither diagnosed with gallstones nor underwent cholecystectomy from the database (Control cohort). We extensively examined the unadjusted incidence rates, standardized incidence rates (SIR), and relative hazard ratios (HR) of major gastrointestinal tumors. To minimize potential bias, we employed propensity score matching (PSM).
Results
The Control cohort consisted of a total of 171,301 individuals, while the CG and CTG groups comprised 89,879 and 54,838 individuals, respectively. The CG group exhibited a significantly higher incidence of colon cancer (0.23%), stomach cancer (0.20%), bile duct cancer (0.07%), and liver cancer (0.17%) compared to the Control group. The HR for bile duct cancer was particularly noteworthy, with a value of 2.54 (95% CI [1.59, 4.08]), while the HR for liver cancer was 1.35 (95% CI [1.06, 1.72]). However, compared to the CTG group, the standardized incidence rates of each tumor type in the CG group were significantly lower and decreased with longer follow-up time. The hazard ratios (HRs) for each cancer in the CG group were all less than 1.00 (with all p-values < 0.05).
Conclusions
Cholecystectomy is an effective option for reducing the risk of gastrointestinal tumors arising from gallstones. While it may not completely eliminate the risk of bile duct and liver cancers associated with gallstones, it still should be considered as a valuable option in managing the condition.
Effects of knee joint kinematics on sprint performance in male and female football players
Authors: Xu Wangyang , Gong Bo , Zhang Xinbi
Published: August 2024

The purposes of this study were to understand the relationship between knee joint kinematics and sprint performance, and to run a regression analysis to explain which kinematic variables could be used to better explain sprint performance in male and female football players. A total of 26 national-level football players (13 males and 13 females) participated in the study. Each participant’s 30 m sprint time and corresponding inertial sensor data were collected once. The inertial attitude data of the sensor was then calculated as knee joint kinematic data through inverse kinematics. The Pearson’s correlation analysis revealed a significant negative correlation between sprint time and knee extension angular velocity during the swing phase (r = -0.629, p = 0.021) in males. For females, a significant negative correlation was found between sprint time and knee extension range of motion during the support phase (r = -0.687, p = 0.009). The regression model, which includes knee extension angular velocity during the swing phase, significantly predicts sprint time (R2 = 0.396, β = -0.629) in males. For females, the model containing knee extension range of motion during the support phase significantly predicts sprint time (R2 = 0.472, β = -0.687). In conclusion, male football players with faster knee joint extension during the swing phase had faster sprint performance. Female football players with fuller knee joint extension during the support phase had faster sprint performance.