bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
perbedaan koperasi dengan organisasi lainnya
Authors: FADHILLAH NUR
Published: May 2022

Koperasi adalah suatu organisasi yang dibentuk oleh sekelompok orang yang saling bekerja sama unuk mencapai kepentingan dan tujuan bersama. Koperasi mempunyai perinsip yaitu aggotanya harus bersifat sukarela dan terbuka bagi semua orang yang ingin menggunakan jasa-jasanya dan memerima tanggungjawab keanggotaan tanpa membeadakan gender, pengawasannya dikelolah oleh anggotanya secara demokratis, partisipasi anggota dalam kegiatan ekonomi.
Sejarah Ekonomi Islam Pada Periode Rasulullah dan Khalifah Pertama Abu Bakar Ash-Shidiq
Authors: fajriah rizky nur
Published: May 2022

Pelaksanaan sistem ekonomi islam telah ada dan dilaksanakam oleh Nabi Muhammad SAW. Pada kepemimpinan nya, semua aturan yang tidak kondusif dan menentang dari ajaran islam, semua di rubah oleh rasulullah. Kemudian kebijakan-kebijakan yang akan dibuat rasulullah, semuanya akan didasarkan dengan ajaran islam yang sesuai syariat, dan berlandaskan AlQur’an dan Assunnah. Kebijakan yang pertama difokuskan adalah pembuatan masjid yang akan menjadi ikon di kota madinah. Kemudian Rasulullah fokus terhadap perekonomian kota nya yang tidak kondusif dan tidak ada kekayaan negara sedikit pun yang tertinggal, sehingga rasulullah harus memulai semua nya dari nol.Fokus rasulullah kemudian beralih pada kebijakan fiskal yang dibuatnya, guna meningkatkan perekonomian dan kesejahteraan negaranya. Sumber keuangan saat itu sangat bergantung pada kebijakan zakat yang telah dibuat. Zakat sangat berpengaruh dalam pengembangannya. Sumber-sumber keuangan lainnya seperti zakat fitrah, jizyah, khums, dll, dijelaskan pada bagian isi. Dan berbagai kebijakan yang dirancang oleh Rasulullah juga akan dijelaskan pada pembahasan selanjutnya.Tidak hanya sampai disitu, ketika Rasulullah SAW telah wafat, sistem ekonomi islam tetap berjalan dengan semestinya. Kemudian dilanjutkan oleh para sahabat rasul dari kalangan khulafaurrasyidin. Ada 4 sahabat dari khulafaurrasyidin yang ikut berpengaruh dalam sistem ekonomi islam. Namun tokoh yang akan dibahas disini hanyalah khulaurrasyiddin pertama yaitu Abu Bakar Ash-Shidiq. Dengan gaya kepemimpinan yang tegas, Abu bakar mampu memberantas para pembrontak yang menentang ajaran-ajaran islam. Membuat kebijakan baru yang sesuai syariat dan menghapus semua kebijakan yang tidak sesuai dengan syariat.
Vaccine Sputnik của Nga cho thấy hiệu quả
Authors: Mai Nhat Chi
Published: May 2022

SSHPA (06/07/2021) — Sputnik, hay còn gọi là Gam-COVID-Vac, được phát triển bởi Trung tâm Nghiên cứu Dịch tế và Vi Sinh Quốc gia Gamaleya tại Moscow. Vaccine được cấp phép bởi Bộ Y tế Nga vào ngày 11/08/2020, hơn một tháng trước khi kết quả thử nghiệm giai đoạn 1 và 2 được công bổ, và thậm chí trước khi bắt đầu thử nghiệm giai đoạn 3.
Sejarah Pemikiran Ekonomi Bani Abbasiyah
Authors: Rahayu Muhammad Azhar
Published: May 2022

Artikel ini membahas tentang Sejarah pemikiran ekonomi masa Abbasiyah
PERBEDAAN KOPERASI DENGAN ORGANISASI LAINNYA
Authors: Zahra Sufiani
Published: May 2022

Satu anggota dalam sebuah koperasi memilliki satu suara yang tidak dapat diwakikan orang lain. Sementara dalam badan usaha lain, satu suara atau lebih dapat dimiliki oleh pemodal. Simpanan Anggota menjadi modal koperasi. Sedangkan modal badan usaha lainnya diperoleh dari penjualan saham, perorangan, atau kelompok.Suatu badan usaha didefenisikan sebagai organisasi yang terstruktur dalam mengelola faktor?faktor produksi untuk mendapatkan keuntungan. Salah satu karakteristik yang penting dari badan usaha adalah manajemen yang baik. Jika suatu badan usaha dikelola dengan baik dapat meningkatkan kinerja badan usaha dan akan meningkatkan nilai badan usaha bagi para pemegang saham. Ada beberapa bentuk badan usaha antara lain, Badan Usaha Milik Negara (BUMN), Badan Usaha Milik Swasta (BUMS), Badan Usaha Milik Daerah (BUMD), dan Badan Usaha Campuran. Sedangkan pengertian koperasi berdasarkan pasal 1 undang-undang nomor 25 tahun 1992 tentang perkoperasian diberikan pengertian sebagai berikut “koperasi adalah badan usaha yang beranggotakan orang-orang atau badan hukum koperasi dengan berlandaskan kegiatannya berdasarkan prinsip koperasi sekaligus sebagai gerakan ekonomi rakyat yang berdasarkan atas asas kekeluargaan”. Adapun perbedaan koperasi dengan badan usaha lain yaitu, satu anggota dalam sebuah koperasi memiliki satu suara yang tidak dapat diwakilkan orang lain. Sementara dalam badan usaha lain, satu suara atau lebih dapat dimiliki oleh pemodal. Simpanan anggotan menjadi modal badan usaha lainnya diperoleh dari penjualan saham, perorangan, atau kelompok.
PERDAGANGAN DAN BISNIS DALAM ISLAM
Authors: Ramadhan Kelvin
Published: May 2022

Artikel ini membahas bagaimana sejarah perdagangan islam dan bisnis dalam islam. Perdagangan (Jual beli) merupakan suatu aktivitas yang tukar menukar atau barang mempunyai nilai secara sukarela diantara kedua belah pihak dan pihak lain menerimanya sesuai dengan ketentuan yang berlaku. Islam menegaskan bahwa nilai prinsip bisnis dalam islam mempunyai nilai nilai dalam praktik bisnis bagi pelaku muslim. Tetapi, masih banyak pelaku bisnis yang mempraktikan bisnis tidak secara unsur ketetapan islam sehingga hal tersebut dengan merugikan orang lain bahkan lingkungan. Begitu banyak tindakan negatif yang akhirnya menjadi perilaku bisnis seperti berbohong,ingkar janji,penipuan dan sebagainya. Artikel ini menjelaskan tentang perdagangan dan bisnis dalam islam yang ditiunjau perspektif islam. Artikel ini menyimpulkan bahwa nilai praktik perdagangan dalam bisnis islam harus memiliki nilai kejujuran,keadilan,amanah,tanggugjawab, penipuan, dan jauh dari hal yang haram berdasarkan pada Islam.
PEMIKIRAN EKONOMI ISLAM PADA MASA DAULAH UMAYYAH
Authors: Maulida Shabrina
Published: May 2022

Membahas tentang Sejarah pemikiran Bani Ummayah
Electronic Money Sebagai Alat Transaksi Dalam Pandangan Islam
Authors: Mufidah Zahra Aulia , Kurniawan Rachmad Risqy
Published: May 2022

Revolusi dalam teknologi informasi dan komunikasi memfasilitasi perluasan dalam sistem pembayaran elektronik dan bentuk baru dalam instrumen pembayaran dengan munculnya instrumen pembayaran yang dikenal sebagai electronik money (e-money). Penggunaan e-money sebagai alternatif alat pembayaran non-tunai di beberapa negara menunjukkan adanya potensi yang cukup besar untuk mengurangi tingkat pertumbuhan penggunaan uang tunai, khususnya untuk pembayaran-pembayaran yang bersifat mikro sampai dengan ritel. Perkembangan ekonomi digital sangat penting, hampir perekonomian menggunakan teknologi informasi, komunikasi dan digital. Baik dalam pengemasan produk ataupun pemasaran produk. Tujuan penulisan artikel ini untuk mengkaji e-money apabila dilihat dari syariat Islam serta mengkaji akad apa yang ada pada transaksi menggunakan e-money. E-Money yang saat ini sudah menjadi bagian dari kemajuan teknologi di kalangan masyarakat halal dan sudah memenuhi kaidah-kaidah syariat sebagai alat transaksi dan muamalah. Penulis ingin melihat E-Money dalam perspektif syariah, apakah sesuai dengan syariat Islam, akad apa saja yang terdapat pada menyetor E-Money rekening milik pemegang dan isi ulang. Artikel ini mencoba mengkaji berangkat dari dua masalah.
ANALYSIS OF THE SOUNDNESS LEVEL OF ALL ISLAMIC COMMERCIAL BANKS IN INDONESIA 2016-2020 USING THE RGEC METHOD
Authors: Mohammad Wily , Maulidiyah Nabilla Ryca
Published: May 2022

Sharia Commercial Banks increased in number from 12 in 2015 to 14 banks in 2020, accompanied by an increase in the number of offices from 1,990 to 2,034 offices in 2020. This achievement must continue to be improved. Therefore, the soundness of Islamic banking must also continue to be improved. The purpose of this study is to practice using the RGEC method in showing the soundness of Islamic commercial banks, as well as to compare the soundness of Islamic commercial banks which are ranked fifth based on the calculation of the final composite value. The benefit of this research is that the public can determine which Islamic commercial bank is better in terms of banking health using the RGEC method. The data analysis method uses the RGEC (Risk Profile, Good Corporate Governance, Earning, and Capital) method by taking NPF, FDR, Self-Assessment GCG, ROA, ROE, NI, BOPO, and CAR data from Islamic commercial bank reports. The results of this study are: First, the soundness of Islamic commercial banks using the RGEC method produces different categories of soundness. In the final result, there are Islamic commercial banks that have PK-1 to PK-5 results. Second, the ranking of the top five of 14 Islamic commercial banks based on the calculation of the final RGEC composite value has different results every year. Based on the average Final Composite Value, the top five ranks respectively are the National Sharia Pension Savings Bank (93.708 Category PK-1 (Very Healthy)), Aceh Syariah Bank (score 89.71 Category PK-1 (Very Healthy)), BPD Nusa Tenggara Barat Syariah (score 87.99 Category PK-1 (Very Healthy)), Bank BNI Syariah (score 86.85 Category PK-1 (Very Healthy)), and Bank Syariah Mandiri (score 81.14 Category PK- 2 (Healthy)).
Electronic Money Sebagai Alat Transaksi Dalam Pandangan Islam
Authors: Mufidah Zahra Aulia , Kurniawan Rachmad Risqy
Published: May 2022

Revolusi dalam teknologi informasi dan komunikasi memfasilitasi perluasan dalam sistem pembayaran elektronik dan bentuk baru dalam instrumen pembayaran dengan munculnya instrumen pembayaran yang dikenal sebagai electronik money (emoney). Penggunaan e-money sebagai alternatif alat pembayaran non-tunai di beberapa negara menunjukkan adanya potensi yang cukup besar untuk mengurangi tingkat pertumbuhan penggunaan uang tunai, khususnya untuk pembayaran-pembayaran yang bersifat mikro sampai dengan ritel. Perkembangan ekonomi digital sangat penting, hampir perekonomian menggunakan teknologi informasi, komunikasi dan digital. Baik dalam pengemasan produk ataupun pemasaran produk. Tujuan penulisan artikel ini untuk mengkaji e-money apabila dilihat dari syariat Islam serta mengkaji akad apa yang ada pada transaksi menggunakan e-money. E-Money yang saat ini sudah menjadi bagian dari kemajuan teknologi di kalangan masyarakat halal dan sudah memenuhi kaidah-kaidah syariat sebagai alat transaksi dan muamalah. Penulis ingin melihat E-Money dalam perspektif syariah, apakah sesuai dengan syariat Islam, akad apa saja yang terdapat pada menyetor E-Money rekening milik pemegang dan isi ulang. Artikel ini mencoba mengkaji berangkat dari dua masalah.
The Macroeconomic-Based Systemic Risks and Bad Loans of Commercial Banks Listed in the Indonesian Capital Market
Authors: Muhammad Helmi Setiawan , Febrian Erie , Hadianto Bram
Published: May 2022

The risk is the probability of uncertain situations with the changes. In banks, this circumstance happens when they distribute credits to the parties needing the cash. In performing this intermediary function, the systemic risks related to macroeconomics are available: inflation and exchange rate (ER) of IDR/USD. Hence, this research objective is to investigate and analyze the impact of these systemic risks on non-performing loans. The population originates from the commercial banks in the capital market in Indonesia from 2009 until 2017. We apply the Slovin formula and a simple random sampling method to calculate and acquire the total representative samples. After the archival technique collects the data, we use the regression with pooled data to analyze them. This study demonstrates that systemic risk from the inflation rate positively affects non-performing loans; however, the ER of IDR/USD shows no effect.
Sejarah Perbankan
Authors: Wahyunii Sri
Published: May 2022

Artikel ini membahas tentang sejarah perbankan
Sejarah pemikiran ekonomi pada masa Abbasiyah
Authors: Rahayu Muhammad Azhar
Published: May 2022

Artikel ini membahas tentang sejarah ekonomi islam pada masa abbasiyah
SEJARAH AKUNTANSI SYARIAH
Authors: Dahri Muhammad Rabiul
Published: May 2022

Artikel Ini Membahas Tentang Sejarah Akuntansi Syariah Dan Perkembangannya
Cloud feedback depends on Southern Ocean salinity
Authors: Liu Maofeng , Soden Brian , Vecchi Gabriel , He Haozhe , Wang Chenggong
Published: May 2022

The uncertainty in equilibrium climate sensitivity (ECS) has remained persistently unchanged for the past four decades1–4, with cloud feedback3,5–11 as a primary source of the uncertainty. Here we show that a key component of this uncertainty is rooted in the impact of base-state Southern Ocean salinity on cloud feedback. Sea surface salinity in the sinking zone of the Southern Ocean (45o-60oS) statistically explains half of the inter-model variance in shortwave cloud feedback from a set of 40 Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 climate models. Models with greater salinity in this region sequester more heat in the deep ocean12, reducing the surface warming in the Southern Ocean. This acts to increase lower tropospheric stability13 which, combined with reduced surface warming, induce a more negative shortwave cloud feedback14,15, both locally and over remote tropical and subtropical oceans. This remote impact16–19 is related to enhanced northward advection of Southern Ocean surface waters associated with the strengthening of the southeasterly trade winds, especially in the Southeastern Pacific, transporting the surface warming differences to subtropical oceans. Using observed surface salinity as an emergent constraint argues against models with a strongly positive cloud feedback and high ECS due to their fresh bias in the Southern Ocean20. Our results highlight the potential of improved simulation of cloud feedback through dynamical constraint of climate models with salinity observations.
What is wrong with rhythm in Developmental Dyslexia? The inefficient anticipation hypothesis
Authors: Taha Juhayna , Stucchi Natale , Pagliarini Elena , Guasti Maria Teresa
Published: May 2022

It is well-recognized that individuals with dyslexia may exhibit a broad range of deficits that go beyond reading itself. One line of research has uncovered impairments in the production and processing of rhythm in individuals with dyslexia. There is also a growing body of evidence that individual differences in rhythmic skills explain variability in reading, language and motor abilities in individuals with and without dyslexia. In this opinion article, we offer a new theoretical approach to the nature of the impaired rhythmic mechanisms associated with dyslexia. Specifically, we propose that the reading, language and motor impairments associated with dyslexia may be ,in part, attributed to a deficit in anticipation i.e., a component of the rhythmic behaviour. This hypothesis will be referred to as the Inefficient Anticipation Hypothesis.
Personality Stability and Change: A Meta-Analysis of Longitudinal Studies
Authors: Bleidorn Wiebke , Schwaba Ted , Zheng Anqing , Hopwood Christopher James , Sosa Susana , Roberts Brent , Briley Daniel A
Published: May 2022

Past research syntheses provided evidence that personality traits are both stable and changeable throughout the lifespan. However, early meta-analytic estimates were constrained by a relatively small universe of longitudinal studies, many of which tracked personality traits in small samples over moderate time periods using measures that were only loosely related to contemporary trait models such as the Big Five. Since then, hundreds of new studies have emerged allowing for more precise estimates of personality trait stability and change across the lifespan. Here, we updated and extended previous research syntheses on personality trait development by synthesizing novel longitudinal data on rank-order stability (total k = 189, total N = 178,503) and mean-level change (total k = 276, N = 242,542) from studies published after January 1st 2005. Consistent with earlier meta-analytic findings, the rank-order stability of personality traits increased significantly throughout early life before reaching a plateau in young adulthood. These increases in stability coincide with mean-level changes in the direction of greater maturity. In contrast to previous findings, we found little evidence for increasing rank-order stabilities after age 25. Moreover, cumulative mean-level trait changes across the lifespan were slightly smaller than previously estimated. Emotional stability, however, increased consistently and more substantially across the lifespan than previously found. Moderator analyses indicated that narrow facet-level and maladaptive trait measures were less stable than broader domain and adaptive trait measures. Overall, the present findings draw a more precise picture of the lifespan development of personality traits and highlight important gaps in the personality development literature.
Misinformation Is a Threat Because (Other) People are Gullible
Authors: Altay Sacha , Acerbi Alberto
Published: May 2022

Alarmist narratives about the flow of misinformation and its negative consequences have gained traction in recent years. If these fears are to some extent warranted, the scientific literature suggests that many of them are exaggerated. Why are overly alarmist narratives about misinformation so popular? In two pre-registered experiments (N = 600, UK), replicated in the US (N = 601), we investigated the psychological factors associated with perceived danger of misinformation and how it contributes to the popularity of alarmist narratives on misinformation. We find that the strongest, and most reliable, predictor of perceived danger of misinformation is the third-person effect (i.e., the perception that others are more vulnerable to misinformation than the self) and, in particular, the belief that ‘distant’ others (as opposed to family and friends) are vulnerable to misinformation. The belief that societal problems have simple solutions and clear causes was consistently, but weakly, associated with perceived danger of online misinformation. Other factors, like negative attitudes towards new technologies and higher sensitivity to threats, were inconsistently, and weakly, associated with perceived danger of online misinformation. Finally, we found that participants who report being more worried about misinformation are more willing to like and share alarmist narratives on misinformation. Our findings suggest that alarmist narratives on misinformation tap into our tendency to view other people as gullible.
Open Science in Developmental Science
Authors: Gennetian Lisa A. , Frank Michael C. , Tamis-LeMonda Catherine
Published: May 2022

In recent years, open science policies have proliferated in the social and behavioral sciences, including sharing of study designs, protocols, and data as well as pre-registration of hypotheses. Developmental research has moved more slowly than some other disciplines in adopting open science practices, in part because not all developmental science follows a narrowly confirmatory structure. We assess the state of open science practices in developmental science, including the growth of consortia and repositories as drivers of change. We offer a broad definition of open science that includes replication and reproducibility as well as data reuse and increasing the global reach of developmental research.
Encoding and the Medial Temporal Lobe. To appear in: Oxford Handbook of Human Memory (M. J. Kahana & A. D. Wagner, Eds). Oxford University Press.
Authors: Fernandez Corey , Madore Kevin Paul , Wagner Anthony D.
Published: May 2022

Episodic memory is a core cognitive ability that allows humans to remember past events, act in the present, and create predictive models to inform future behaviors. The medial temporal lobes (MTL) are a critical part of the neural machinery that makes possible the ability to acquire and express memories for features of experiences, memories for the conjunctions of event features, and memories that integrate information across events. This chapter reviews the gross anatomy, functional differentiation, and computations and dynamics that underlie memory formation in the MTL network, with an emphasis on episodic encoding. It focuses on inputs, outputs, and circuitry of MTL cortical structures and hippocampal substructures that enable sensory input to be converted into durable content-based and representation-based mnemonic codes. Emphasis is placed on computations that subserve the differentiation of experienced events, on the one hand, and across-event integration, on the other, as well as on encoding dynamics supported by neuromodulators and electrophysiological processes that lead to memory persistence and generalization. We conclude by briefly discussing open questions and directions for future work.
Nutrient characterization of processed cassava peels and dietary sludge supplementation on pig performance
Authors:   Department of Animal Science, University of Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria., Obongekpe R. P. , Ekpo E. I. ,   Department of Science Technology, Akwa Ibom State Polytechnic, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria.
Published: May 2022

The study was carried out to evaluate nutrient characterization of processed cassava peels and dietary sludge supplementation on pig performance. A total of twenty-five (25) crossbred weaner pigs weighing averagely 8.5±2.5 kg were used. They were allotted into five treatments groups with three replicates in a completely randomized design. These pigs were fed twice daily, water and salt lick supplied ad libitum. The treatment diets consist of cassava peels and dietary sludge supplementation at 0% (controlled), 15%, 35%, 65% and 85% replacement of maize. Data on live weight, weight gain on a weekly basis, feed intake, body length, heart girth and height at withers were collected to determine the effect of processed cassava peel meal supplemented with dietary sludge on growth performance and economic evaluation of pigs. The data collected were subjected to one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and significantly different means were separated using the multiple range test. Results revealed that there was a significant (p<0.05) difference on all the growth performance parameters measured as well as the economic evaluation of the feed. It can be concluded that dietary sludge mixed with processed cassava peel meal has a significant effect on the growth performance of pigs. It is therefore recommended that pig farmers should use processed cassava peel meal supplemented with dietary sludge feeds on pigs at 85% as it produces higher effects on the daily feed intake of pigs.
Dietary effects of substituting maize for yellow cocoyam (Xanthosoma sagittifolium) as energy source for weaner pigs
Authors:   Department of Animal Science, University of Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria., Obongekpe R. P. , Benedict J. S. ,   Department of Biochemistry, University of Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria., Ekanem M. C. ,   Department of Science Technology, Akwa Ibom State Polytechnic, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria., Okon R. S. ,   Department of Science Technology, Akwa Ibom State Polytechnic, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria., Ekpo E. I. ,   Department of Science Technology, Akwa Ibom State Polytechnic, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria., Ubom A. G. ,   Department of Science Technology, Akwa Ibom State Polytechnic, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria.
Published: May 2022

Due to consistent increases in the prices of conventional feeds, researchers have started looking for alternative sources of feeds. The research was conducted to investigate the dietary effect of substituting maize for cocoyam (Xanthosoma sagittifolium) as energy source for weaner pigs. The experiment was conducted at the Swine Unit of the Teaching and Research Farm, University of Uyo, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. The cocoyam was collected and processed by sun-drying to form a cocoyam corn meal (CCM). A total of 16 weaner pigs of large white breeds were used for the study. The pigs were divided into 4 groups based on average initial body weights (20-25 kg) and each group of weaner pigs were respectively allotted to each of the four treatment diets using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Each treatment group contained two replicates of four pigs, two males and two females). These pigs were fed twice daily and water supplied ad-libitium. Four diets were formulated to contain 0, 20, 40 and 60% of CCM. Data were collected on growth performance and blood profile. Result revealed that there was significant (p<0.05) differences in all the growth performance parameters measured. No significant differences (p>0.05) were observed on all blood profile parameters measured except the albumin and creatinine. The albumin and creatinine values ranged from 2.63-3.52 g/dl and 0.90- 1.50 mg/dl respectively. It was concluded that weaner pigs fed 20% CCM based diet has significant effect on the growth performance of pigs. This implies that CCM at 20% showed more effect on the growth performance of pigs compared to other levels of diet. It was therefore recommended that cocoyam corn meal should be encouraged in the feeding of pigs to reduce over dependence of maize feeds by our farmers which has led to the high cost of raising monogastric specifically pigs thereby discouraging farmers from investing in the swine business.
Ecological Hazards and Alienation: A Study of Imagery in Eliot's "Prufrock"
Authors: Regmi Diwakar
Published: May 2022

This paper studies the use of images in T. S. Eliot's poem "The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock" so as to explore how the arrangement of images supports Eliot's doctrine of objective correlative. It forwards the argument that the imagery portrays the speaker of the poem, Prufrock, as being one passing through mental alienation and procrastination, and establishes that the causes of his problems are industrialization, urbanization and ecological hazards. These problems are presented through the imagery, which, for the purpose of this paper, includes metaphors, similes, symbols, allusions, animation and personification as well. All the images, dug out and put together, reveal the deep irony which suggests Prufrock's mental alienation
चन्द्रसम्भवमहाकाब्ये मौद्गल्यबंशबीजबैशिट्यम्
Authors: कोइराला Koirala गुरुप्रसाद Guruprasad
Published: May 2022

नैपालकसंस्कृतकविसम्प्रदायस्यापरः  सर्जको  विद्यते  यज्ञशर्मसुरिः  ।  अनेनविक्रमवर्षस्याष्टादशशतके चन्द्रसम्भवमहाकाव्यं प्रणीतम् । अत्र चन्द्रवंशसम्भवानां राज्ञां वर्णनं विद्यते।अस्य लेखस्य विषयस्तु महर्षिमुद्गलात् प्रथितो मौद्गल्यवंशवैशिष्ट्यप्रकाशनमेव ।प्रसिद्धपुरुवंशे सञ्जातो भम्र्यास्वः क्षत्रीय राजा आसीत् । अस्य मुद्गलः, यवीनरः, वृहदिश्वः,कापिञ्जलः, जयश्चेति पञ्च पुत्राः सञ्जाताः । मुद्गलो जन्मगुणकर्मभिश्च ज्येष्ठ आसीत् । मुद्गलःस्वभावेनैव सुशीलः, शान्तः, विनम्रश्चासीत् । अत एवासौ राज्यादिशासनसौख्यं भ्रातृजनेषु समप्र्ययुवावस्थायामेव देवाराधनार्थं वनमगच्छत् । प्रियमेधादयः स्वपूर्वजाः क्षत्रीयराजानस्तपशक्त्या ब्राह्मणाजाता इति स्ववंशवृद्धैवचनैर्मुद्गलः तेषां मार्गे प्रेरितः । वने कठोरतपश्चर्यां संलग्नस्य मुद्गलस्यतपोबलेन स्वर्लोकोऽपि कम्पितो जातः । निजस्थानविनाशशङ्कया भयभीतैर्देवैः तपःकार्यादपकर्तुंअप्सरगणाः प्रेषिताः । गीतनृत्यादिगुणसम्पन्नाभिर्देवाङ्नाभिरङ्गप्रदर्शनपुरस्सरं गीतं नृत्यञ्चोपस्थाप्यशृङ्गारसारं प्रस्तुतम् । अनेकैरूपायैरपि स्वोद्देश्यपूर्तये पराजिता अप्सराः स्वर्लोके प्रत्यागमनमकुर्वन् ।मुद्गलस्य तपस्तु क्रमशः परिणामफलप्राप्त्यर्थमुन्मुखोऽभवत् । तपस्यया वशीकृतो भगवान् नारायणःस्वयमुपस्थितवान् । भगवतो नारायणस्य दर्शनमवाप्य मुद्गलः सुकोमलैर्वचोभिः स्तुतिमकरोत् । तपसास्तुत्या च प्रसन्नो हरि इप्सितवरलाभार्थं मुद्गलमपृच्छत् । मुद्गलोऽपि – सर्वज्ञोऽसि त्वम्, तथापिवच्मि यत् अहम् ब्रह्मत्वं प्राप्तुमिच्छामि इति कथितवान् । भगवता कथितम्– त्वं ब्राह्मणमेव नापितुसोत्तममुनित्वेन सुप्रसिद्धो भविष्यसि, तव वंशश्च मौद्गल्यब्रह्मवंशरूपेण लोके विवर्धयिष्यति ।इप्सितवरमवाप्य मुद्गलः काञ्चीदेशमगच्छत् । तत्र सुदीर्घकालपर्यन्तं वैदिकसनातनधर्मप्रसारेसंलग्नोऽभवत् । अनन्तरं मुद्गलः स्वकीयवंशविस्तारार्थमेकां ब्राह्मणकन्यामुवाह । गृहस्थ–जीवनस्यानन्दमनुभवनस्य दिवोदासनामक एकः पुत्रः, अहल्यानामिका एका पुत्री च सञ्जाता । पुœयाअहल्याया गौतमेन सह विवाहं कृतवान् । एतयोः पुत्रः शतानन्दोऽभूत् । पुत्रस्तु उपनयनसंस्कारंसम्पाद्यानेन कुलपूजनविधिना प्रशिक्षितः । अनन्तरं काचित् ब्राह्मणकन्यया सह पुत्रस्य विवाहकार्यमपिसम्पादितम् । अहं पितृऋणाद्मुक्तो जात इति विचार्य पुत्रं गृहस्थधर्मोत्तराधिकारित्वेनोपदिश्य मुद्गलः स्वं भगवच्चरणारविन्दे समर्पितः ।
आरण्यक ग्रन्थका बिषयबस्तु र तिनको महत्व {Content of Aranyaka Granth and its importance}
Authors: नेपाल गङ्गाराम
Published: May 2022

वैदिक वाङ्मयका क्षेत्रमा आरण्यक ग्रन्थको महŒवपूर्ण स्थान छ । अरण्य भनेको वन हो वानप्रस्थआश्रमा विशेषतः अध्ययन अध्यापन मनन चिन्तन गरिने वैदिक वाङमयका ग्रन्थहरू आरण्यक भनिन्छन् । आरण्यक ग्रन्थहरू उपनिषद्भन्दा अघिका भएकाले यसमा आत्मा परमात्मा सृष्टि उत्पत्ति ज्ञान कर्मउपासना आदिको प्रारम्भिक रूप प्राप्त हुन्छ । यसमा प्राण नै संसारको आधार हो । प्राणमा नै संसारकासारा जीव जन्तुहरू अडिएका छन् र सम्पूर्ण चिज प्राणमा नै निर्भर भएका हुनाले प्राण सर्वत्र व्याप्त छभन्दै प्राणको विशेष चर्चा गरिएको पाइन्छ । त्यसैगरी कतिपय ऐतिहासिक उल्लेखका साथसाथै यज्ञकोदार्शनिक एवं आध्यात्मिक पक्षको विवेचना पनि पाइन्छ । चारवेदका ऐतरेय, शांखायन, बृहद्आरण्यक,तैत्तिरीय, मैत्रायणीय,तवलकार आरण्यक आदि गरिएका आरण्यक ग्रन्थहरू अहिले उपलब्ध छन् । यसरीहेर्दा यी आरण्यकग्रन्थहरूमा यज्ञको गूढ रहस्य एवं दार्शनिक पक्षको विशद वर्णन, पवित्र ब्र≈मविद्याकोवर्णन आदि विविध विषयवस्तु प्रस्तुत गरिएका आरण्यक ग्रन्थहरू विशिष्ट ग्रन्थका रूपमा परिचित छन् ।
सोपसर्गक्रियापदरचनाविमर्शः
Authors: दहालः Dahal टीकाराम Tikaram
Published: May 2022

उपसर्गाश्च वैदिककालादेव पदविभागेषु परिगणिताः सन्ति । प्र–परा–अप–समित्यादयउपसर्गाः क्रियावाचिभ्यः धातुभ्यः (क्रियापदेभ्यः) पूर्वं संयोजिताः भवन्ति । धातोः क्रियापदस्यरचनानन्तरं विशेषार्थाभिव्यञ्जनाय धातोः पूर्वमुपसर्गाः संयुज्यन्ते । पूर्वं धातुः साधनेन तिङ्प्रत्ययेनयुज्यते पश्चात्तदर्थद्योतकेनोपसर्गेण युज्यते इति सिद्धान्तः वर्तते । उपसर्गाः न हि स्वतन्त्रमर्थमावहन्ति,एते तु धातोरर्थमेव द्योतयन्ति, परिवर्तयन्ति, परिवर्धयन्ति च । धातवः उपसर्गाश्चानेकार्थाः स्मृताःसन्ति । एतयोरर्थस्यानिश्चितत्वादेवैते ऽनेकार्था उक्ताः स्युः । सर्वेषां शब्दानां, सर्वेषां क्रियापदानांमूलरूपः धातुरेव विद्यते । धारयति पोषयति इति धातुरिति व्युत्पत्या सर्वेषां पदानामाधारभूतः पोषकः,तŒवरूपः शब्दराशिः धातुरिति शब्दस्यार्थः भवति । धातुः शब्दस्यार्थो धारयिता पोषयिता वा भवति ।एतेन धातुः नहि केवलक्रियापदस्यापि तु सर्वेषां पदानाञ्चाधारभूतः परिपोषको वर्तते । धातवः दशसुगणेषु विभज्य पठिताः सन्ति । कर्मग्रहणदृशा सकर्मकाकर्मकद्विकर्मकाश्च धातवः भवन्ति ।व्युत्पादनदृशा धातवः, औपदेशिका आतिदेशिकाश्च भवन्ति । औपदेशिकाः धातवः दशगणेषु सम्बद्धाःधातुपाठे पठिताः सन्ति । सकर्मकत्वञ्च फलव्यधिकरणव्यापारवाचकत्वं वर्तते । नियमेन यस्यार्थस्यकर्मसंज्ञा भवति तस्यार्थेन सह धात्वर्थस्यान्वयो भवति, स धातुः सकर्मको भवति । धात्वर्थयोःफलव्यापारयोः भिन्नाश्रये भिन्ननिष्ठतायां वा धातुः सकर्मकः भवति । अकर्मकत्वञ्चफलसमानाधिकरण–व्यापारवाचकत्वमकर्मकत्वं वर्तते । धात्वर्थफलव्यापारयोः एकनिष्ठतायामेकाश्रयेवा धातुरकर्मको भवति अर्थात् फलव्यापारौ यत्र एकैव स्थाने तिष्ठतश्चेत् स अकर्मकः धातुरितिकथ्यते । विशिष्टार्थाभिव्यक्तये धातुना सह उपसर्गस्य योगः क्रियते । उससर्गसहिता क्रिया सोपसर्गाकथ्यन्ते । एतेनानेकेषां धातूनां रूपावली ज्ञाने लाघवो भवति । भावाभिव्यक्तये सारल्यतामावहति ।भाषा च परिष्कृता भवति । अतोऽत्र सोपसर्गक्रियापदरचनाविधिः तदर्थश्च सोदाहरणं विश्लिष्यते ।
Good and bad diquark properties and spatial correlations in lattice QCD
Authors: Francis Anthony , De Forcrand Ph. , Lewis R. , Maltman K.
Published: May 2022

We study good, bad and not-even-bad diquarks on the lattice in a gauge-invariant formalism in full QCD. We establish their spectral masses with short extrapolations to the physical point, observing agreement with phenomenological expectations. We find that only the good diquark has attractive quark-quark spatial correlations, with spherical shape and size of about 0.6 fm. Our results provide quantitative support for modelling the low-lying baryon spectrum using good light diquark effective degrees of freedom.
THE HISTORY OF THE KOMSOMOL NATURE RESERVE (KHABAROVSK TERRITORY) IN ITS ECONOMIC FACILITIES
Authors: Bobrovsky V.V.
Published: May 2022

After the transfer of the Komsomol Natural Reserve to the new territory (the left bank of Amur) in the lower current r. Gorin, economic objects remained on it. Some of them had historical importance.
FEATURES OF THE DISTRIBUTION OF ORB-WEAVER SPIDERS (ARANEI: ARANEIDAE) on the SOUTH SIKHOTE-ALIN MOUNTAINS IN SUMMER
Authors: Simonov P.S.
Published: May 2022

An analysis of the altitudinal-zonal distribution of the orb-weaver spiders (Aranei: Araneidae) in the Livadiisky Range (Primorskii krai) using the method of high-altitude profiling in the summer is given. A total of 253 specimens of spiders are captured belonging to seventeen species in 9 genera. The highest diversity of species and the maximum number of orb weaving spiders, observed in the herb-wormwood biotopes and the cedar-broadleaf forests at elevations of 200–300 m above sea level.
METHODS FOR ADJUSTING NATIONAL SUPPLY TABLES AND THE USE OF GOODS AND SERVICES TO ASSESS THE INPUT-OUTPUT STRUCTURE OF THE REGIONAL ECONOMY
Authors: Belousova A.V.
Published: May 2022

The process of adjusting national input-output tables to provide opportunities for building a regional structural balance model as a tool for predicting economic dynamics is considered. The features of the use of localization coefficients as the main means of correction are shown.
ASSESSMENT OF RISKS OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF REGIONS IN THE CONTEXT OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION
Authors: Kozlov A.V. , Аbushova Е.Е. , Kliuchareva N.S.
Published: May 2022

Modern conditions of digital transformation, which is increasingly penetrating into various spheres of life, including the activities of enterprises, leave their mark on the economic development of regions. On the one hand, this is an opportunity for the development of regions, on the other hand, it carries risks which must be taken into account and assessed. The article considers the key aspects of the methodological approach to the quantitative assessment of regional risks. The proposed approach is based on a comparison of two types of indicators by groups of factors, which are recommended to be combined into five specific groups.
DIVERSIFICATION OF THE ECONOMY OF THE RESOURCE REGION AS A FACTOR OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT DYNAMICS
Authors: Lomakina N.V. , Faiman A.D.
Published: May 2022

Perspective options for the implementation of resource projects in the Jewish Autonomous Region and their impact on the region’s economy are being studied. Quantitative estimates obtained using cognitive modeling approaches have shown that only direct effects of the development of natural resources are insufficient to achieve sustainably high rates of economic development. The most attractive estimates were obtained for scenarios based on the diversification of the resource sector. In addition, the use of the cognitive modeling apparatus made it possible to identify and quantify the environmental factors (institutional, economic and geopolitical) that can become conditions for the implementation of diversified scenarios.
«PROVINCIAL CAPITALS» OF THE FAR EAST: FEATURES OF DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Pozdnyakova T.M.
Published: May 2022

The article gives a brief description of medium and small towns, which are the administrative centers of the subjects of the Russian Federation as part of the Far Eastern Federal District. Based on the dynamics of the population for the period from 1989 to 2022, the trends of their development are presented in general form.
SPATIAL AND DISLOCATION FORMATTING OF THE SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE OF THE MAGADAN REGION
Authors: Pruss Yu. V.
Published: May 2022

Based on the analysis of the actual formatting of the socio-economic structure of the Magadan region in the last decade, a general scheme of spatial and infrastructural zoning is proposed.
CURRENT STATE OF THE BOLSHAYA KOKSHAGA RIVER IN THE TERRITORY OF THE STATE NATURAL RESERVE «BOLSHAYA KOKSHAGA» ACCORDING TO HYDROBIOLOGICAL INDICATORS
Authors: Grechukhina L.G. , Gvozdareva M.A. , Lyubina O.S. , Melnikova A.V. , Gorshkov M.A. , Isaev A.V.
Published: May 2022

In the spring-summer period of 2021, hydrobiological studies of the Bolshaya Kokshaga River were carried out on the territory of the reserve. The results of the current state of the taxonomic composition and quantitative indicators of phytoplankton, zooplankton and zoobenthos are presented, as well as an assessment of the ecological state of the studied areas of the reservoir. According to the value of the saprobity index for all three groups of aquatic organisms, the ecological state were assessed as «moderately polluted» and corresponded to the III class of water quality.
TRANSFORMATION OF FOOD SUPPLY AND CONSUMPTION IN THE REGIONS OF THE NORTH-EAST OF RUSSIA
Authors: Sharypova O.A.
Published: May 2022

The features and trends of food supply and consumption in the Magadan region, the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug in 2005–2020 are determined. in the regions of the North-East of Russia.
Bioethics of Diabetes Mellitus as a Global Problem of the Modern World
Authors:   Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education at the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Ametov A.S. ,   Moscow, Russian Federation, Sayamov Yu.N. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University; Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: May 2022

Objective of the Review: coverage of social and ethical problems of diabetes mellitus. Key points. Discussion of the bioethics of diabetes mellitus is one of the most important tasks of modern medicine in connection with the progressive increase in the prevalence of the disease and mortality from causes associated with diabetes. Bioethics includes the widest range of socio-economic, moral, ethical and legal problems of modern medicine. The article discusses various aspects that lead to the development of diabetes and have become widespread in the course of civilizational development. Psychological disorders of a diabetic patient and the role of self-stigmatization are discussed. The materials of the global "Agenda for the period up to 2030" developed by the UN General Assembly and the UNESCO program on bioethics, ethics of science and artificial intelligence are presented. Conclusion. Further study of the actual problem of the bioethics of diabetes mellitus requires joint efforts of the world scientific community. Keywords: bioethics, diabetes mellitus, UNESCO.
Periodic Accreditation of Doctors in Questions and Answers
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Further Professional Education “Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education” of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Moshetova L.K. ,   Moscow, Russian Federation, Melnikova L.V. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Further Professional Education “Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education” of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation; Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: May 2022

Objective of the Paper: The purpose of the article is to familiarize doctors with the principles of periodic accreditation, its features, as well as to answer the most frequently asked questions in this area. Key Points. The article describes who and how conducts periodic accreditation of medical specialists, what is necessary for its passage, how to submit documents and what to do if the doctor does not agree with the result of accreditation. Conclusion. The key to successful periodic accreditation is the timely improvement of qualifications, compliance with the requirements of the professional standard in their specialty and careful compliance with all the rules for submitting documents, which can be found on the official website of federal accreditation centers. Keywords: accreditation of specialists, accreditation commission, federal accreditation center, continuing professional education.
Lymphocyte Xanthine Oxidoreductase: Activity vs Extraarticular Manifestations in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors:   A.B. Zborovskiy Scientific and Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology, Bedina S.A. ,   Volgograd, Russian Federation, Mozgovaya E.E. ,   A.B. Zborovskiy Scientific and Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology; Volgograd, Russian Federation, Trofimenko A.S. ,   A.B. Zborovskiy Scientific and Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology; Volgograd, Russian Federation, Spitsina S.S. ,   A.B. Zborovskiy Scientific and Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology; Volgograd, Russian Federation, Mamus M.A. ,   A.B. Zborovskiy Scientific and Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology; Volgograd, Russian Federation, Zborovskaya I.A. ,   A.B. Zborovskiy Scientific and Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology; Volgograd, Russian Federation
Published: May 2022

Study Objective: To study lymphocyte lysates for the dependence of the activity of xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) complex: xanthine oxidase (XO) and xanthine dehydrogenase (XDG) — on the presence of extraarticular (systemic) manifestations (EAM) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Study Design: Comparative study. Material and Methods. The study included 77 patients with verified RA (study group) and 35 apparently healthy subjects (control group). Lymphocytes were isolated using А. Böyum method in Lymphosep with a density gradient of 1.077–1.079 g/mL. Ferment activity was measured with kinetic methods and expressed in nM/min/mL equivalent to 107 cells per 1 mL. Study Results. XO reference range is 14.11–31.33 nM/min/mL; that of XDG — 18.62–39.64 nM/min/mL. For RA patients as a whole and patients with and without EAMs, lymphocytes demonstrated a significant reduction in the activity of both ferments vs controls (р < 0.001); in RA patients with EAMs, the XO and XDG activity was even lower (р < 0.001). Spearman correlation analysis identified the dependence of XO and XDG activity on the presence of EAMs: direct moderate correlations for XO (ρ = 0.6; p < 0.001) and XDG (ρ = 0.499; p = 0.000041). There is a strong direct correlation between XO and XDG activity, the intensity of which was higher where RA was associated with EAMs: (ρ = 0.72; p = 0.025) and (ρ = 0.87, p = 0.004) for RA only with articular involvement and for RA with EAMs, respectively. Conclusion. In lymphocytes of patients with RA, we found some changes in the XOR enzyme profile, the intensity of which depends on the presence of EAMs in the clinical presentation of the disease. Where XO activity is below 10.86 nM/min/mL and/or with XDG activity below 14.31 nM/min/mL, it is assumed that RA patients have EAMs. It is then recommended that the patient undergoes a comprehensive examination for early EAM identification and therapy adjustment. Keywords: rheumatoid arthritis, lymphocytes, xanthine oxidoreductase, xanthine oxidase, xanthine dehydrogenase.
A Case Report of the Herniation of the Appendix Through the Abdominal Wall Defect Presenting with Appendico-Cutaneous Fistula
Authors: Chansaenroj Pawan , Wongtanawat Arisara , Amornwitthawat Kittiya , Surojnametakul Tawiwat , Wongvisavavit Poon
Published: May 2022

Objective: To report a case of the herniation of appendix through the abdominal wall defect presented with appendico-cutaneous fistula.
Material and Methods: This study was designed as a retrospective chart review using patient’s clinical data, imaging, endoscopic report, and treatment review.
Results: A 70-year-old male patient with a surgical history of small bowel resection due to small bowel intussusception 60 years ago presented with purulent discharge oozing from his surgical scar for two months. The diagnosis of appendico-cutaneous fistula was made by abdominal computer tomography scan and colonoscopy. The laparoscopic assisted open approach for appendectomy and abdominal wall repair was performed successfully.
Conclusion: The herniation of the appendix through the abdominal wall defect is uncommon. Very few cases have been reported. We presented a successful treatment of a patient who presented with appendico-cutaneous fistula from appendiceal herniation via incisional hernia.
Update in Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction After Cardiac Surgery: A Literature Review
Authors: Sangprateep Natparin , Tanasansuttiporn Jutarat , Prathep Sumidtra , Petsakul Sutthasinee , Jitpakdee Wilasinee , Wasinwong Wirat
Published: May 2022

การผ่าตัดหัวใจเป็นการผ่าตัดที่พบบ่อยในผู้สูงอายุ ไม่ว่าจะเป็นการผ่าตัดเปลี่ยนเส้นเลือดหัวใจหรือการผ่าตัดเปลี่ยนลิ้นหัวใจ โดยภาวะแทรกซ้อนที่สำคัญหลังการผ่าตัดได้แก่ ภาวะแทรกซ้อนทางระบบประสาท ซึ่งภาวะการสูญเสียหน้าที่การรับรู้และการเข้าใจเป็นหนึ่งในภาวะแทรกซ้อนทางระบบประสาทที่สำคัญ และนำไปสู่ผลกระทบในทางสุขภาพอื่นตามมา อย่างไรก็ตามยังไม่มีคำจำกัดความที่แน่ชัดของภาวะสูญเสียหน้าที่ด้านการรับรู้การเข้าใจ การวินิจฉัยมักใช้แบบทดสอบทางประสาทจิตวิทยาก่อนผ่าตัดและหลังผ่าตัดเปรียบเทียบกัน ซึ่งการวินิจฉัยภาวะการสูญเสียหน้าที่การรับรู้และการเข้าใจหลังผ่าตัดควรมีการแยกโรคอื่นที่คล้ายกันออกก่อน สำหรับปัจจัยเสี่ยงที่ทำให้เกิดการสูญเสียหน้าที่การรับรู้และการเข้าใจหลังผ่าตัดแบ่งได้เป็นปัจจัยจากการผ่าตัด ปัจจัยจากการระงับความรู้สึก และปัจจัยจากตัวผู้ป่วย หากสามารถแก้ไขภาวะดังกล่าได้ก่อนผ่าตัดจะช่วยลดการเกิดภาวะสูญเสียหน้าที่ด้านการรับรู้การเข้าใจได้
Evolution and bioinformatic analysis of the whole genome sequences of SARs-COV-2
Authors: Sila Thanit , Laochareonsuk Wison , Surachart Komwit , Surasombatpattana Samonrapat , Saelim Wanut , Sangkhathat Surasak
Published: May 2022

โรคโควิด-19 ซึ่งเกิดจากไวรัส SARS-CoV-2 มีการแพร่ระบาดของเชื้ออย่างกว้างขวางไปทั่วโลก อัตราการแพร่กระจายของเชื้อที่มากขึ้นก็จะส่งผลให้เกิดการกลายพันธุ์ที่เร็วขึ้น มีการพบการกลายพันธุ์ที่ตำแหน่งโปรตีนหนาม (spike protein) ของ SARS-CoV-2 ที่ส่งผลให้เกิดการเปลี่ยนแปลงในการเข้าจับกับ ACE2 receptor บนเซลล์บุผิวทางเดินหายใจของมนุษย์ซึ่งเป็นปัจจัยสำคัญในการติดเชื้อ ความรุนแรง และความเร็วในการแพร่ระบาดอย่างมาก ปัจจุบันนักวิทยาศาสตร์ได้ตระหนักและให้ความสำคัญกับสายพันธุ์ที่น่ากังวล ที่กำลังระบาดและส่งผลกระทบในวงกว้างได้แก่ สายพันธุ์แอลฟ่า สายพันธุ์เบต้า สายพันธุ์แกมม่า สายพันธุ์เดลต้าและสายพันธุ์โอไมครอน ดังนั้นการเฝ้าระวังและลดการแพร่ระบาดของโรคโคโรนาไวรัส19 จึงจำเป็นต้องเข้าใจโครงสร้าง การทำงานและการกลายพันธุ์ของไวรัส กระบวนการทางชีวสารสนเทศเป็นเครื่องมือหนึ่งที่ใช้ตรวจสอบสายพันธุ์ในรูปแบบข้อมูลรหัสพันธุกรรมซึ่งได้มาโดยกระบวนการทางอณูชีวโมเลกุลไม่ว่าจะเป็นวิธี RT-PCR, NGS, Mass Array และอื่น ๆ แม้ว่าการควบคุมการระบาดของโรคโควิด-19 ยังไม่มีที่สิ้นสุดในปัจจุบัน การรู้เท่าทันการเปลี่ยนแปลงของซึ่งเชื้อไวรัสยังคงวิวัฒนาการอย่างต่อเนื่องและเป็นไปในทิศทางซึ่งทำให้ไวรัสมีศักยภาพสูงขึ้นในการติดเชื้อและหลบเลี่ยงภูมิคุ้มกันเป็นสิ่งสำคัญ
The forgotten dinosaurs of Zhetysu (Eastern Kazakhstan; Late Cretaceous)
Authors: Averianov A.O. , Sues H.-D. , Tleuberdina P.A.
Published: May 2022

The Late Cretaceous dinosaur-bearing localities discovered in the Ili River Basin in the foothills of Dzhungar Alatau, in the center of the historical region Zhetysu (Semirechie), in 1925–1927 are among the first occurrences for dinosaurs discovered in Asia. Preliminary identifications of dinosaurian remains from the Zhetysu localities, reviewed by Nesov (1995a), included Sauropoda, Tyrannosauridae, Hadrosauridae, Ankylosauridae, and possible Ceratopsidae. The only previously described specimen from this assemblage is a tibia attributed to cf. Ceratopsia by Riabinin (1939) from the Kara-Cheku locality. This bone is considered currently as Dinosauria indet. We describe here the most important find from this fauna to date, a partial tyrannosaurid dentary collected by a team from the Institute of Zoology of the Kazakh Academy of Sciences at the Kara-Cheku locality in 1950. This specimen can be confidently identified as a derived tyrannosaurine based on the incrassate teeth and the small first alveolus. This is the first record of a tyrannosaurine from the Late Cretaceous of Kazakhstan and Middle Asia. The age of Zhetysu dinosaur fauna is possibly Campanian or Maastrichtian.
The Development of Communicative Skills of High School Students by Means of Projects
Authors: Пахомова Олена Володимирівна , Богун Наталія Юріївна
Published: May 2022

У статті описується сутність і роль методу проекту для навчання вихованців іноземної мови. Коротка історія походження та типи проектів представлена на основі їх особливостей. Викладено основні цілі проекту як засобу викладання іноземної мови. Обґрунтовано переваги методики проекту для розвитку комунікативних навичок.