bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Stakeholder mapping to explore social and economic capital of Rotating Savings and Credit Associations (ROSCAs) to increase demand for and access to healthy food
Authors: Lukwa Akim Tafadzwa , Wayas Feyisayo A. , Lambert Estelle Victoria ,   “Savings for Health” IDRC collaborators, Alaba Olufunke
Published: May 2024

Introduction

South Africa, grappling with the complexities of malnutrition, faces a dual challenge of undernutrition in children and overnutrition in adults, particularly among women. This situation is exacerbated by high rates of food insecurity, affecting nearly one-fourth of households. In this context, the role of Rotating Savings and Credit Associations (ROSCAs), locally known as stokvels, becomes increasingly significant. These informal, often women-led, savings and borrowing groups present a unique opportunity to address dietary challenges and promote healthier eating practices in urban, low-income settings. This study explores the potential of stokvels in mitigating the dual burden of malnutrition by facilitating access to healthy, affordable foods.

Methods

We conducted stakeholder mapping to understand the roles and influences of various actors within South Africa's food system, particularly their interactions with stokvels. Our research focuses on how these groups, deeply embedded in the community fabric, can leverage their collective power to negotiate better access to nutritious food and influence healthier dietary choices. Stakeholders identified in the study span diverse sectors, including retail, agriculture, finance, and community organizations.

Results

The research reveals that stokvels are perceived as vital social and economic entities capable of maximizing value through partnerships and networks. However, challenges such as the informal nature of stokvels and the lack of formal legal agreements often hinder their ability to form partnerships with formal institutions. The findings emphasize the importance of understanding and leveraging the social dynamics within stokvels, recognizing their role in enhancing food security and contributing to economic empowerment, especially for women. The study also identifies the need for formalizing stokvel structures to enhance their operational efficiency and increase their impact on food systems.

Discussion

In conclusion, this research highlights the untapped potential of stokvels in addressing South Africa's nutritional challenges. By fostering stronger connections between stokvels and various food system actors, there is a significant opportunity to improve food security and promote healthier eating habits in low-income communities. Future research should aim to include unrepresented stakeholders and explore strategies to enhance the role of ROSCAs in promoting healthier food choices and addressing affordability and accessibility barriers.
Correction of severe upper-eyelid sunken deformity in Asians by double-eyelid procedure and combination of orbital fat pad repositioning and autologous fat transplantation: a one-year follow-up study of 79 cases
Authors: Shen Haiyan , Zhang Jufang , Tan Weiqiang , Cai Xiujun
Published: May 2024

Background

Nowadays, people's pace of life continues to rapid up, and many bad habits will accelerate the aging of the eye periphery, and patients with sunken upper eyelids are to be found in younger people. In young Asians, single eyelids are often accompanied by upper eyelid depression, so correcting the upper eyelid depression during blepharoplasty becomes a higher challenge for plastic surgeons. Current surgical methods for upper eyelid depression include three major categories: tissue repositioning, injection and filling, and combined use. According to grades 1 and 2 are mild or moderate upper eyelid sunken. The sunken can be well corrected only by repositioning the orbital fat pad, while the correction effect for severe upper eyelid sunken in grades 3 and 4 is Poor, need to be used in combination to achieve the desired effect.

Purpose

The authors sought to determine whether, for patients with single eyelids and severe upper eyelid depression of grades 3 and 4, combined with orbital fat pad repositioning and autologous fat transplantation during blepharoplasty, an aesthetic and youthful blepharoplasty can be achieved.

Methods

This study included 79 patients with single eyelids and severe upper eyelid depression of grades 3 and 4 who received treatment between June 2020 and July 2022. All patients underwent double eyelid surgery plus orbital fat repositioning and autologous fat grafting.

Results

After a minimum follow-up period of 1 year, overall patient satisfaction was 92%. The recurrence rate within the first year was 6% and the complication rate was 5%.

Conclusion

This combined surgery may be an option for young Asians with single eyelids and severe upper eyelid depression. In this study, the surgery resulted in natural-looking double eyelids and younger-looking eye sockets in most patients. A combination of different surgical methods based on the patient's preoperative condition is critical to achieving long-term correction.
A Review of Childhood Developmental Changes in Attention as Indexed in the Electrical Activity of the Brain
Authors: Karakaş Sirel
Published: May 2024

This review aims to present age-related changes in the neuroelectric responses of typically developing children (TDC) who are presumed to meet developmental stages appropriately. The review is based on findings from the frequently used neuropsychological tasks of active attention, where attention is deliberately focused versus passive attention where attention is drawn to a stimulus, facilitatory attention, which enhances the processing of a stimulus versus inhibitory attention, which suppresses the processing of a stimulus. The review discusses the early and late stages of attentional selectivity that correspond to early and late information processing. Age-related changes in early attentional selectivity were quantitatively represented in latencies of the event-related potential (ERP) components. Age-related changes in late attentional selectivity are also qualitatively represented by structural and functional reorganization of attentional processing and the brain areas involved. The purely bottom-up or top-down processing is challenged with age-related findings on difficult tasks that ensure a high cognitive load. TDC findings on brain oscillatory activity are enriched by findings from attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The transition from the low to fast oscillations in TDC and ADHD confirmed the maturational lag hypothesis. The deviant topographical localization of the oscillations confirmed the maturational deviance model. The gamma-based match and utilization model integrates all levels of attentional processing. According to these findings and theoretical formulations, brain oscillations can potentially display the human brain’s wholistic–integrative functions.
The Effect of W, Cr, Mo Content on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of the Weld Interface of TiC Cermet and Low-Carbon Steel
Authors: Wei Wei , Huang Zhiquan , Zhang Haiyan , Guan Shaokang
Published: May 2024

In this study, the influence of W, Cr, and Mo on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the arc-welded interface of TiC cermet and low-carbon steel was investigated. MIG arc welding was employed to deposit muti-alloyed low-carbon steel flux-cored wire onto the surface of the TiC cermet to create the arc-welded interface. Analysis of the microstructure, phase composition, and shear fracture of the interface were conducted by OM (optical microscopy), SEM (scanning electron microscope), EMPA (Electron Probe X-ray Micro-Analyzer), and XRD (X-ray diffraction) methods. The results indicate that the order of influence on the performance of the welded interface is perceived as Cr > W > Mo. The preferred ratio of element content is W at 1.0 wt.%, Cr at 0.5 wt.%, and Mo at 2.0 wt.%. During the arc-welding process, W and Mo formed a rim structure of TiC particles to inhibit the dissolution of TiC particles, while Cr formed dispersed carbides in the bonding phase. The synergistic impact of these components resulted in the simultaneous enhancement of both the TiC particles and the bonding phase. This led to a significant increase in the shear strength of the TiC cermet welded interface to 787 MPa, marking an 83% improvement compared to the welded interface without reinforcement, which exhibited a shear strength of 430 MPa.
Establishment of Tissue Culture and Regeneration System in Hippophae gyantsensis Lian
Authors: Zhao Anqi , Xu Wei , Xu Pingjun , Zhang Xinxian , Wu Yunhua , Xu Ang , Zhong Yinxiao , Oladipo Abiodun , Cao Fuliang , Fu Fangfang
Published: May 2024

Hippophae gyantsensis Lian is a pioneering tree species in Chinese forestry ecological engineering, known for its robust stress tolerance, water retention capacity, and soil improvement qualities. However, the lack of rapid nursery technology has been a significant impediment to the development of the H. gyantsensis industry. In the present study, we have successfully established a tissue culture regeneration system for H. gyantsensis. The most effective methods for seed disinfection, ensuring sterility in seedlings, were found to be 75% alcohol disinfection for 40 s and 10% sodium hypochlorite disinfection for 10 min. The best media tested for callus induction in cotyledons and hypocotyls of sterile seedlings were 1/3 MS + 0.5 mg/L KT + 0.75 mg/L NAA and 1/3 MS + 0.3 mg/L 6-BA + 1.5 mg/L IBA, respectively. As the explants, cotyledons yielded larger calli with a greater size and differentiation ability than hypocotyls. For the induction of indeterminate shoots and proliferation, the most suitable media were 1/3 MS + 0.5 mg/L IAA + 0.75 mg/L 6-BA and 1/3 MS + 1.0 mg/L 6-BA + 0.05 mg/L IBA + 0.1 mg/L KT, respectively. Lastly, the best worked rooting formulation was 1/4 MS + 0.3 mg/L IBA. This study marks a significant milestone in the establishment of a systematic tissue culture regeneration system for H. gyantsensis, which will facilitate the industrial rapid propagation of high-quality seedlings and provide the foundation for improvement through genetic transformation.
Exploring the Immunological Profile in Breast Cancer: Recent Advances in Diagnosis and Prognosis through Circulating Tumor Cells
Authors: Kotsifaki Amalia , Maroulaki Sousanna , Armakolas Athanasios
Published: May 2024

This review offers a comprehensive exploration of the intricate immunological landscape of breast cancer (BC), focusing on recent advances in diagnosis and prognosis through the analysis of circulating tumor cells (CTCs). Positioned within the broader context of BC research, it underscores the pivotal role of the immune system in shaping the disease’s progression. The primary objective of this investigation is to synthesize current knowledge on the immunological aspects of BC, with a particular emphasis on the diagnostic and prognostic potential offered by CTCs. This review adopts a thorough examination of the relevant literature, incorporating recent breakthroughs in the field. The methodology section succinctly outlines the approach, with a specific focus on CTC analysis and its implications for BC diagnosis and prognosis. Through this review, insights into the dynamic interplay between the immune system and BC are highlighted, with a specific emphasis on the role of CTCs in advancing diagnostic methodologies and refining prognostic assessments. Furthermore, this review presents objective and substantiated results, contributing to a deeper understanding of the immunological complexity in BC. In conclusion, this investigation underscores the significance of exploring the immunological profile of BC patients, providing valuable insights into novel advances in diagnosis and prognosis through the utilization of CTCs. The objective presentation of findings emphasizes the crucial role of the immune system in BC dynamics, thereby opening avenues for enhanced clinical management strategies.
Advanced Integration of Microwave Kiln Technology in Enhancing the Lost-Wax Glass Casting Process: A Study on Methodological Innovations and Practical Implications
Authors: Cheng Shu-Chen , Kao Ming-Shan , Hwang Jiunn-Jer
Published: May 2024

Lost-wax glass casting, an esteemed yet technically demanding art form, traditionally relies on specialized, costly kiln equipment, presenting significant barriers to artists regarding equipment affordability, energy efficiency, and the technical mastery required for temperature control. Therefore, this study introduces an innovative approach by integrating a microwave kiln with standard household microwave ovens, thus facilitating the lost-wax glass casting process. This methodological adaptation allows artists to employ readily available home appliances for glass creation, significantly reducing the process’s cost and complexity. Our experimental investigations reveal that, by using a 500W household microwave oven for heating, the silicon carbide (SiC) in microwave kilns can efficiently absorb microwave energy, allowing the kilns to reach temperatures exceeding 700 °C, a critical threshold for casting glass softening. We further demonstrate that by adjusting the number of heating cycles, producing high-quality, three-dimensional(3D) glass artworks is feasible, even for large-scale projects. In addition, the microwave kiln can be used as an effective cooling tool to uniformly cool the formed casting glass. This study presents a possible alternative to conventional kiln technology and marks a paradigm shift in glassmaking, offering a more accessible and sustainable avenue for artists and practitioners.
Metaphorical Personal Names in Mabia Languages of West Africa
Authors: Abubakari Hasiyatu , Issah Samuel Alhassan
Published: May 2024

Cultural philosophies, belief systems and experiences serve as superordinate cultural concepts that are reconceptualised and expressed using metaphorical personal names in Mabia languages. Metaphorical personal names are ‘vehicles’ that transport the worldviews of speakers of Mabia languages to the target audiences. Every metaphorical personal name shares properties of a superordinate umbrella concept such that even newly created metaphorical names fall within an already existing cultural philosophy. This study argues that there is a corresponding relationship between a metaphorical personal name, the source domain, and its superordinate umbrella philosophical concept, the target domain. The study uses data from four Mabia ‘sister’ languages of West Africa: Dagbani, Kusaal, Likpakpaln, and Sisaali. The findings show that the source domains of these names include the name-bearer and the personal name itself, and the name-giver, whilst the target domains include flora and fauna terms, belief systems, innuendos and proverbs, experiences of name-givers, ‘death prevention’ labels, among others. The article also establishes that both sociocultural and ethnolinguistic factors influence the use of metaphorical personal names in the cultures under study. The Conceptual Metaphor Theory (CMT) is employed for the analysis of data in this research. The work uses the qualitative method and data are sourced from semi-structured interviews, from school registers and other previous studies on personal names in the selected languages.
Religious Filter Bubbles? The Influence of Religion on Mediated Public Spheres
Authors: Andok Mónika , Kovács Ákos
Published: May 2024

In recent decades, a series of comprehensive monographs have been published that delve into the intricate relationship between religion and the media, showcasing the burgeoning diversity and expansion of research in this field [...]
Islamic Insights on Religious Disagreement: A New Proposal
Authors: Turner Jamie B.
Published: May 2024

In this article, I consider how the epistemic problem of religious disagreement has been viewed within the Islamic tradition. Specifically, I consider two religious epistemological trends within the tradition: Islamic Rationalism and Islamic Traditionalism. In examining the approaches of both trends toward addressing the epistemic problem, I suggest that neither is wholly adequate. Nonetheless, I argue that both approaches offer insights that might be relevant to building a more adequate response. So, I attempt to combine insights from both by drawing a distinction between inferential and noninferential reflective responsibility. Given this distinction, I argue that it may be possible for a theist to remain steadfast in upholding their tradition-specific theistic belief, without having to hold that belief by way of inference; but nevertheless, having to be sufficiently reflectively responsible in forming their theistic belief noninferentially.
Evaluation of an App-Supported Intensive Interdisciplinary Treatment for Young People with Chronic Pain: A Mixed-Methods Study
Authors: Genent Dunja , Schenk Sabrina , Hartenstein-Pinter Almut , Zernikow Boris , Wager Julia
Published: May 2024

Chronic pain in the vulnerable phase of emerging adulthood is associated with severe life impairments. The current healthcare system has no suitable treatments for young people. A new multimodal inpatient and app-supported treatment for young people with chronic pain counteracts this. The study examines the effectiveness of this new treatment. Our mixed-methods design combined qualitative and quantitative evaluations. The sample comprised N = 44 patients (18–25 years) who took part in the new treatment. The quantitative data showed a reduced degree of pain severity, pain-related and emotional impairments, and an improved quality of life. The qualitative data showed that several components of the new treatment were particularly important to the young adults: individuality and taking the patient seriously, group therapy with peers, individual therapies (psychological, medical), life counselling, and sports. Results support the individual and objective success of a new inpatient pain treatment applied during emerging adulthood.
COMPARISON OF TAX BURDEN INDICATORS IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC AND SLOVAKIA
Authors: Rybová Jarmila , Kameníková Štěpánka
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The article focuses on the comparison of the tax systems of the Czech Republic and Slovakia in the period 2017-2020. First, it deals with a brief description of the basic parameters of Czech and Slovak taxes, which also include contributions to social security and health insurance. In the next section, there are selected indicators of taxation. These indicators are implicit tax rates on consumption, labour, and capital, effective tax rates, tax mix, and tax quota, and on the other hand, the standard of living is presented by the indicator of gross domestic product per inhabitant in purchasing power parity. By evaluating the selected indicators, it was found that the tax burden in the Czech Republic is higher than in Slovakia, although the tax quota indicator indicates the opposite. It can be stated that it is appropriate to use more indicators to assess the tax burden.

Keywords: tax quota, taxation, implicit tax rate, tax mix, Czech Republic, Slovakia.
THE ROLE OF INFORMATION – COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY IN TRANSPORT REFORMS: A CASE STUDY OF BELGRADE
Authors: Kovačevič Aleksandar
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The ubiquity of the Information – Communication Technology – ICT has sparked significant interest in smart city initiatives. Smart transportation systems are integral to this concept. Our research explores its potential impact on transportation enhancements, notably in Belgrade. The central research question revolves around whether employing ICT in transportation can effectively address Belgrade's transportation challenges. Our study focuses on relevant scientific literature in areas like local democracy, public policy, and public administration about smart cities. Taking a multidisciplinary approach, we draw on insights from various disciplines, employing fundamental scientific methods including literature reviews, case studies, and comparative analyses. Our research begins with a descriptive analysis of prominent global smart city projects, particularly emphasizing transportation improvements. We explore intelligent transportation systems and their implementations in cities like Copenhagen, Vienna, and Barcelona. The data we gather forms the basis for crafting an intelligent transportation policy and instigating reforms in Belgrade, charting past and future transportation changes.

Keywords: Smart cities, Intelligent Transport System, Local regulations, Information – Communication Technology, Belgrade
Genetic and Lifestyle Risk Factors of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease and Its Relationship with Premature Coronary Artery Disease: A Study on the Pars Cohort
Authors: Anushiravani Amir , rayatpisheh Maryam , Kasaeian Amir , Menbari Oskouie Iman
Published: May 2024

Background: The main objective of this study is to identify the risk factors of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients. Methods: The present retrospective cohort study is part of the Pars Cohort Study (PCS). The participants were categorized as having MAFLD or not. The pattern of independent variables in patients was compared with those who did not have MAFLD. All variables were retained in the multivariable logistic regression model. Results: Totally, 1862 participants with CAD were enrolled in this study. MAFLD was diagnosed in 647 (40.1%) participants. Gender, diabetes, hypertension, tobacco, opium, alcohol, age, weight, waist circumference, cholesterol, HDL, triglyceride, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were significantly different in MAFLD and non-MAFLD patients. Also, the results of multivariable logistic regression show male gender (OR=0.651, 95% CI: 0.470‒0.902, P value=0.01) and opium consumption (OR=0.563, 95% CI: 0.328‒0.968, P value<0.001) to be negative risk factors of MAFLD occurrence in CAD patients. Having diabetes (OR=2.414, 95% CI: 1.740-3.349, P value<0.001), high waist circumference (OR=1.078, 95% CI: 1.055‒1.102, P value<0.01), high triglyceride (OR=1.005, 95% CI: 1.001‒1.008, P value=0.006), and high ALT (OR=1.039, 95% CI: 1.026‒1.051, P value<0.01) were positive risk factors of MAFLD in CAD patients. Conclusion: Our study found that consuming opium decreases the likelihood of MAFLD in CAD patients, since these patients have decreased appetite and lower body mass index (BMI). On the other hand, female gender, having diabetes, high waist circumference, high triglyceride levels, and high ALT levels increase the probability of MAFLD in CAD patients.
Trends in Animal Bites and Rabies-related Deaths in Northern Iran: Implications for Public Health Interventions
Authors: davoudikiakalayeh Ali , Gharib Zakiye , Mohammadi Reza , Kanafi vahed Leila , Davoudi-Kiakalayeh Sajad
Published: May 2024

Background: Rabies remains a public health problem in middle-income countries like Iran, despite being preventable. This study aimed to evaluate the six-year incidence of animal bites in the southern Caspian Sea region from 2016 to 2022, and focus on estimating the direct costs of animal bite cases using the incidence-based method. Methods: A multicenter, registry-based study was conducted using surveillance data of animal bites. Results: Of the 40922 cases reported during the study period, 65.9% were male and 34.1% were female. Animal bites were most frequent among individuals over 50 years of age (23.5%), while children under 10 years of age had the lowest frequency of animal bites (2.3%). Animal bites were most common in June. Dogs were responsible for 33277 (81%) cases, cats for 5,624 (13.7%) cases, cows for 1054 (2.5%) cases, and other animals for the remaining cases. During the six-year study period, four deaths due to rabies were reported in the study area. The annual bite incidence rate was 386.3 per 100000 people in northern Iran. The males-to-female ratio was highest in 2019 (M/F ratio=2.4, 95% CI=1.2‒3.4). Conclusion: The elderly are at higher risk of animal bites, especially in rural areas. It is important to emphasize the use of protective clothing, washing wounds with soap water and rabies vaccination as initial treatment. Targeted vaccination efforts for eligible animals should be prioritized to minimize unnecessary financial burden. Educating farmers about rabies prevention programs, especially in cases of cow bites, is also important.
Study of fractal image compression method with the purpose of improving compression quality
Authors: A.O. Zhurba
Published: May 2024

The development of the Internet, along with the availability of increasingly powerful computers and other digital devices, cameras, scanners and printers, has led to the wide-spread use of digital images. In this regard, interest in improving data compression algo-rithms, such as images, is growing. Data compression is important for both transfer speed and storage efficiency. In addition to many commercial uses, compression technologies are also of interest in the military industry, such as applications for processing telemetry data from missile inter-ceptors or for archiving terrain image data for defense simulations. Solving the problem of image compression, or, more generally, image coding, has used advances and stimulated the development of many fields of engineering and math-ematics. The article examines fractal image compression — a data compression method based on the use of self-similar patterns in an image. This method allows you to achieve a high degree of compression while preserving image details. Fractal image compression is a unique and efficient approach to data compression based on the mathematical theory of fractals. Nowadays, it has important applications and advantages that make it a valuable tool in image processing. The main advantages include: 1. Preservation of details during compression. One of the key advantages of fractal compression is its ability to preserve a high degree of image detail in a relatively small amount of storage. This is especially important in situations where image quality must be preserved with limited storage and data transfer resources. 2. Efficiency of transmission through the network. Fractal compression allows for compact images, making it suitable for image transmission over a low-bandwidth network. This is especially true for mobile devices, the Internet of Things, and other scenarios where high bandwidth is not always available. 3. Adaptive compression for different resolutions. Fractal compression allows you to adapt the level of compression depending on the resolution and details of the image. This means that it can be used to compress various image sizes without significant loss of quality. 4. Data archiving and storage. Fractal compression can be useful for archiving and long-term storage of images, as it allows you to effectively reduce the amount of data without losing important information. This is especially important for libraries, archives, research databases and other data repositories. Fractal image compression remains a relevant and valuable tool in today's envi-ronment, thanks to its ability to efficiently compress, preserve details, and adapt to dif-ferent usage scenarios. Therefore, the study of its efficiency, the optimization of the soft-ware code to obtain a faster and better compression result, is an urgent task.
Development of the Software System for Managing a Digital Pet ID
Authors: I.V. Solovei , O.H. Vorochek
Published: May 2024

Recent Research and Publications Analysis: The shift towards digital documentation, such as Ukraine's «Diia» for human records, has not yet been fully embraced in pet care, creating a significant service gap. Ukraine, with a high number of household pets, especially approximately 7.63 million cats, highlights the need for a comprehensive digital pet management system. Given the frequent cases of pets getting lost—with low recovery rates—a robust digital system is essential for improving these figures and enhancing pet safety. When designing software, it is important to choose the right technologies for both the web interface and the backend. Django is recommended for the backend because of its «batteries-included» architecture, which provides a comprehensive set of ready-to-use tools that facilitate rapid development and ensure a high level of security. For the inter-face, it is recommended to use JavaScript integrated with frameworks such as React, An-gular or Vue to create dynamic applications that improve the user experience with asyn-chronous requests, allowing the content of the page to be updated without reloading the page. This combination not only provides scalability and security, but also effectively meets the complex needs of web applications. Purpose of the Study. This study aims to develop a software system that facilitates the management of digital pet IDs, which will integrate medical records, vaccination his-tories, and detailed activity logs. This integration aims to streamline pet care, making it more efficient and significantly more convenient for pet owners. Main Material Presentation. The proposed system's architecture will include: – backend. Utilizing Django REST Framework for creating scalable, secure web APIs that handle data operations efficiently; – frontend. Employing JavaScript, HTML, and CSS to provide a responsive and in-teractive user experience. Key Features: – digital passports for pets, verifiable via QR codes; - detailed activity logs that track and display pet movements and behaviors; – comprehensive vaccination records accessible by both pet owners and veterinari-ans; – a lost pet bulletin board that uses geographical data to notify users of nearby lost or found pets. Conclusions.Technologies have been chosen and a software system has been devel-oped for effective management of digital pet IDs, integrating key functions for compre-hensive data management of pets. It utilizes modern technologies to ensure reliable data security, high scalability, and enhanced user interaction, making it a key achievement in the management of digital pet IDs.
Simplified simulation model of load in a closed packet switching network
Authors: T.V. Labutkina
Published: May 2024

An approach to simplified simulation modeling of packet switching network load has been developed. The simulated representation of network processes is based on a simplified mathematical model of the packet switching network, which is based on a dis-cretized description of the load states of the network nodes and corresponds to the repre-sentation of the current state of the network in the tasks of managing its load. Changes in the node's filling state are modeled as a process of reproduction and death, and in the full load model, two factors of change are taken into account: the node's exchange of load with network users and transit load flow passing through it. To study an artificially se-lected "part of the network functioning process" - an approach to transit load modeling in a load-locked network is proposed. The approach allows for significant simplifications and ensures the leveling of the negative impact of simplifications on "load closure" (en-sures the rule of constant amount of load in a closed network). The developed simulation model, firstly, creates the basis for the improvement of the complete model, and secondly, it is convenient for working out routing algorithms when analyzing them from the point of view of indicators of the ability to "influence" the load in the network. The obtained re-sults are generalized, but attention is focused on the example of satellite packet switching networks.
Neural Network Approach for Segmentation of Agricultural Lands on Satellite Images
Authors: O. Honcharov , Vik. Hnatushenko , O. Shevtsova
Published: May 2024

Precision mapping and monitoring of agricultural lands using satellite imagery have become crucial for optimizing agricultural practices. This research focuses on ex-ploring the effectiveness of deep learning models, particularly U-Net modifications, for semantic segmentation of agricultural lands in satellite images. Recent Studies and Publications Analysis. Recent advancements in convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have shown promising results in various semantic segmentation tasks, including medical imaging, flood mapping, and environmental monitoring. Studies such as "Residual wave vision U-Net for flood mapping using dual polarization Sentinel-1 SAR imagery" and "Deep learning-based hybrid feature selection for the semantic seg-mentation of crops and weeds" underline the adaptability of U-Net architectures to di-verse data characteristics, motivating their application in agricultural land segmenta-tion. Research Objective. The primary aim of this study is to assess the applicability and efficiency of modified U-Net architectures in accurately segmenting agricultural lands from satellite images. It seeks to identify optimal model modifications that enhance seg-mentation accuracy while maintaining computational efficiency, contributing to more ef-fective agricultural monitoring. Main Body of Research. Utilizing satellite images from the Copernicus HUB archive, this work experiments with various U-Net architectures incorporating residual blocks, normalization methods, and regularization techniques. The study compares the perform-ance of these models in segmenting agricultural lands, highlighting the impact of archi-tectural enhancements on improving model precision and generalization capabilities. Conclusions. The research concludes that specific modifications in the U-Net archi-tecture significantly enhance the segmentation accuracy of agricultural lands in satellite images. Implementing residual blocks, batch normalization, and dropout proved effective in overcoming overfitting, suggesting a promising direction for future work in geospatial data processing for agriculture. Further investigation into hyperparameter tuning, data-set expansion, and ensemble methods is recommended to refine the models' predictive performance.
Analysis of collision detection algorithms in three-dimensional virtual environments
Authors: I. Nekvrytyi , S. Antonenko
Published: May 2024

The problem addressed in this paper concerns the real-time detection of collisions in virtual environments, which can consume a significant portion of computational re-sources, particularly in complex simulations with numerous objects. Ensuring a minimum frame rate of 30 FPS is crucial for user-friendly simulations. The focus is on the narrow phase of collision detection, where objects in close proximity are examined for potential collisions. This paper proposes a collision detection algorithm leveraging Directed Bounding Parallels (AABB) R-tree structure and Oriented Bounding Parallelepiped Inter-section (OAABB) method to address this phase efficiently. Experimental results demon-strate the effectiveness of the algorithm in detecting intersections with high interaction rates. Various publicly available toolkits exist for narrow phase collision detection, em-ploying different bounding volume hierarchies and constraint volumes. Comparing these approaches is challenging due to performance variations influenced by factors such as object shapes, contact types, and model sizes. Nonetheless, these algorithms are crucial for accurately detecting collisions in virtual environments and gaming applications. Bounding Volume Hierarchies (BVH), commonly used for collision detection, organ-ize object geometry and improve performance by reducing test pair numbers through vol-ume constraints. The proposed algorithm utilizes R-tree hierarchies of directed bounding parallelepipeds and OAABB to enhance collision detection efficiency by minimizing up-date and intersect operations. The choice of constraint volume type impacts collision de-tection performance, with oriented parallelepipeds offering faster intersections. To expedite collision detection, each feature is represented by an R-tree data struc-ture in its local coordinate system. Hierarchical trees are constructed by grouping adja-cent surfaces, with leaves indicating surface geometry. Additionally, R-trees are em-ployed to spatially organize triangles within surfaces to quickly discard non-intersecting triangles. The algorithm leverages OAABB, a concept involving the common volume between two oriented bounding parallelepipeds, to filter out primitives that cannot intersect. Tra-versal algorithms are utilized to reduce the number of node visits, addressing inefficien-cies observed in traditional schemes. OAABB contributes significantly to reducing volume refresh operations. Experimental evaluations demonstrate the proposed algorithm's efficacy in real-world industrial applications, achieving interactive performance. Comparisons with al-ternative methods highlight the algorithm's effectiveness in collision detection. Overall, the proposed approach offers a robust solution to the narrow phase collision detection problem in virtual environments.
The service model of a heterogeneous distributed database for software system scaling
Authors: I. Andriukhanov , T. Korotyeyeva
Published: May 2024

The article explores the topicality of horizontal scaling for software systems that re-quire the use of database management systems (DBMS) to process large volumes of structured, JSON, and geospatial data, while maintaining requirements for ACID proper-ties and data integrity. An analysis of existing products is conducted, outlining their main advantages, disadvantages and identifying issues such as single points of failure, techni-cal limitations, and lack of support for necessary functionality. To solve these issues, a service model of a heterogeneous distributed database is developed, providing a descrip-tion of its characteristics and architecture. Using Kubernetes technology, performance metrics of the database cluster based on the developed model are investigated, demon-strating superior performance compared to the products discussed.
RESPON PEMBERIAN PAKAN Azolla Microphylla TERHADAP PRODUKTIVITAS ITIK LOKAL BERDASARKAN SISTEM PERKANDANGAN INTENSIF
Authors: FATHONI MUH FARUQ , Mahmud Andi Bau Astuti , Santi Santi
Published: May 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui efektifitas penambahan Azolla Microphylla terhadap performa dan level pemberian pada itik. Metode penelitian ini adalah menggunakan sistem perkandangan intensif dengan rancangan yang digunakan yaitu Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) denngan menggunakan 4 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan, dimana masing-masing perlakuan menggunakan 5 ekor itik yang berusia 1 bulan. Sehingga jumlah itik yang digunakan yaitu 60 ekor. Hasil penelitian ini adalah pemberian pakan Azolla microphylla tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap parameter konsumsi pakan dan FCR dan berpengaruh nyata pada parameter PBB dan PBB mingguan. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah Diketahui bahwa dengan pemberian pakan Azolla microphylla tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap parameter konsumsi pakan dan FCR tetapi berpengaruh sangat nyata pada parameter PBB (pertambahan bobot badan) harian dan PBB (pertambahan bobot badan) mingguan. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah persentase penambahan Azolla microphylla sebanyak 20% diketahui sangat berpengaruh nyata terhadap PBB (pertambahan bobot badan) harian dan PBB (pertambahan bobot badan) mingguan.
Analisis kelayakan finansial usaha tepung sagu di P4S duta palili desa duampanua kecamatan andreapi kabupaten polewali mandar
Authors: Kusmiah Nurhaya , Samrianto Muh. , Kandatong Hasanuddin
Published: May 2024

Analisis Kelayakan Finansial Usaha Tepung Sagu di P4S Duta Palili Desa Duampanua Kecamatan Anreapi Kabupaten Polewali Mandar. Dibawa bimbingan NURHAYA KUSMIAH dan HASANUDDIN KANDATONGTepung sagu adalah tepung yang diperoleh dari pemrosesan teras batang rumbia atau pohon sagu. Tepung sagu memiliki karakteristik fisik yang mirip dengan tepung tapioka dan merupakan salah satu tepung diminati di masyarakat. Penelitian ini dilakasanakan di P4S Duta Palili Desa Duampanua Kecamatan Anreapi Kabupaten Polewali Mandar.Penelitian berlangsung selama 3 (tiga) bulan dari bulan Desember 2022 sampai dengan Februari 2023. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pendapatan dan penerimaan usaha tepung sagu di P4S Duta Palili Desa Duampanua. Untuk mengetahui apakah produksi tepung sagu menguntungkan atau tidak maka dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode analisis R/C Ratio.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata biaya produksi tepung sagu di P4S Duta Palili selama 3 (tiga) bulan adalah Rp. 12.761.666 terdiri dari biaya tetap sebesar Rp. 700.425 dan biaya variabel. Rata-rata pendapatan usaha P4S Tepung Sagu Duta Palili selama 3 (tiga) bulan adalah Rp. 20.167.998. 17.416.575 yang memberikan nilai R/C ratio 1,8 yang berarti usaha P4S Duta Palili dianggap layak karena setiap penambahan biaya sebesar Rp. 1.00 anda akan mendapatkan keuntungan sebesar Rp. 1.8.
Uji efektivitas buah pepaya tua sebagai Rodentisida nabati pada berbagai varietas tanaman padi ( orzya sativa L
Authors: Asriadi Asriadi , Aliyah Mardjani , Satriani MS Satriani MS
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di desa Tumpiling kecamatan Wonomulyo  kabupaten Polewali Mandar provinsi Sulawesi Barat berlangsung pada bulan Februari 2023 sampai Mei 2023, bertujuan untuk mengetahui uji efektivitas buah pepaya tua sebagai rodentisida nabati pada berbagai varietas Tanaman padi (oryza sativa .L). Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini disusun menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) yang terdiri dari 9 taraf perlakuan yaitu R01 = varietas Inpari, R02 =varietas mikongga, R03 = varietas ceherang, R1 = varietas mekongga + rodentisida ekstrak buah pepaya, R2 = varietas mekongga + rodentisida air rendaman buah pepaya, R3 = varietas inpari 32 + rodentisida ekstrak buah pepaya, R4 = varietas inpari 32 + rodentisida air rendaman buah pepaya , R5 = varietas ciherang + rodentisida ekstrak buah pepaya, R6 = varietas ciherang + rodentisida air rendaman buah pepaya. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan varietas ciherang + rodentisida air rendaman buah pepaya (R6) menunjukkan pengaruh nilai tertinggi pada jumlah anakan, jumlah rumpun, jumlah anakan produktif, jumlah malai terserang, parameter tingkat serangan hama tikus, jumlah gabah per rumpun dan berat 1000 biji.
Butroiko euskara
Authors: Gaminde Iñaki
Published: May 2024

.
Estado actual de la onomástica botánica y popular en Navarra (XVII). Valle de Echauri y cendeas de Cizur, Galar, Iza y Olza
Authors: Irigaray Imaz Javier
Published: May 2024

.
Bela-ko zaludunaren Zuberotar hiztegia, XVIII. mendean
Authors: Peillen Txomin
Published: May 2024

.
Romanización y lengua vasca
Authors: Michelena Luis
Published: May 2024

.
Onomasticon Vasconiae: consideraciones metodológicas
Authors: Ciérbide Ricardo
Published: May 2024

.
Berriz ere euskal aditzaz
Authors: Oregi Josu
Published: May 2024

.
Escritos en vascuence del P. Esteban de Adoáin (1808-1880)
Authors: Ondarra Francisco
Published: May 2024

.
Juntagailu kopulatiboak
Authors: Altuna Patxi
Published: May 2024

.
University students states of having depressive symptoms and hopefulness about getting employed after graduation
Authors: Oral Belgin , Borlu Arda , Özsaydı Seçkin
Published: May 2024

ÖZET
Amaç: Bu kesitsel araştırmada, Türkiye'deki üniversite
öğrencileri arasında depresif belirtilerin yaygınlığını ve
mezuniyet sonrası istihdama ilişkin umut düzeyini ve
bunların ilişkili olabileceği faktörleri değerlendirmeyi
amaçlamıştır.
Materyal ve Metodlar: Araştırma, 2018 yılında Türkiye'deki
bir devlet üniversitesinde gerçekleştirildi ve Diş Hekimliği,
Mimarlık, Hukuk ve Güzel Sanatlar olmak üzere dört farklı
fakülteden 1.093 öğrenci dahil edildi. Katılımcıların
istihdama ilişkin umut düzeyleri ve Beck Depresyon
Envanteri (BDE) puanları bağımlı değişkenlerdir. Cinsiyet,
yaş, fakülte, ekonomik durum, sağlık sorunları, sigara içme,
alkol tüketimi, akademik başarı ve okul memnuniyeti ise
bağımsız değişkenlerdir. Bağımlı ve bağımsız değişkenler
arasındaki ilişkileri değerlendirmek için Pearson ki-kare
testi, t testi ve tek yönlü ANOVA (post hoc Tukey testi ile)
testleri kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: Mimarlık ve güzel sanatlar fakültelerindeki
öğrencilerin önemli bir kısmı depresif belirtiler yaşadığını
bildirdi. Mezun olduktan sonra iş bulma umudunun
olmadığını ifade eden öğrencilerde daha yüksek düzeyde
depresif belirtiler görüldü. Yetersiz harçlık, beden
imajından memnuniyetsizlik, akademik başarısızlık ve aile
ve/veya arkadaşlarla zayıf ilişkiler, üniversite öğrencileri
arasında hem iş konusunda umutsuzluk hem de daha
yüksek düzeyde depresif belirtilerle ilişkili bulunmuştur.
İlginç bir şekilde, hem işe dair umutluluğun hem de
depresif belirtilerin yaygınlığı birinci sınıf öğrencileri
arasında diğer akademik seviyelere göre daha yüksekti.
Sonuç: Çalışmada, Türkiye'de üniversite öğrencileri
arasında istihdama ilişkin umutsuzluğun ve depresif
belirtilerin yaygın olduğu görülmüştür. İlk yıl boyunca
kariyer planlama desteği ve oryantasyon eğitimi de dahil
olmak üzere hedefe yönelik müdahaleler, üniversite
öğrencilerinin zihinsel refahını ve gelecek beklentilerini
iyileştirmede faydalı olabilir.
КОМПОЗИТИ НА ОСНОВІ ВУЛКАНІЧНИХ НАПОВНЮВАЧІВ З РІЗНОВИДАМИ ПОЛІМЕРНОЇ МАТРИЦІ
Authors: МЕЛЬНИК Л. І. , ШНИРУК О. М. , ОШЕГА А. С.
Published: May 2024

У статті наведено результати досліджень в області структуроутворення полімерних композитів із підвищеним вмістом мінеральних наповнювачів. При цьому як наповнювачі використовувались попутні продукти видобутку вулканічних порід – перліт і цеоліт родовищ Закарпаття, а як зв’язуючі – водні дисперії сополімерів двох типів – Policril 590 та Latex 2012. Теоретичною передумовою впливу на формування структури та відповідно на властивості композитів стали відомі генетичні особливості складу та будови досліджуваних наповнювачів. При розробці нових полімерних композитів важливу роль відіграє вибір системи наповнювач-зв’язуюче. Використання, при створенні об’ємних композитів в якості матриці водних дисперсій полімерів є маловивченою темою, що потребує поглиблених досліджень. Тому метою даного дослідження було вивчення процесів формування структури композитів та способів її регулювання за рахунок варіювання видів наповнювача і полімерної матриці та їх масового співвідношення. В свою чергу це впливало і на властивості композитів. В ході дослідження було зосереджено увагу на процесах формування структури композитів та аналізі взаємодії в системі наповнювач-полімерна матриця. Вивчено вплив типу сполучень полімерного зв’язуючого з наповнювачами наі розвиток поровоїі структури і фізико-механічні властивості композитів. Результати досліджень показали, що застосування різних типів сполучень досліджуваних компонентів дозволяє ефективно регулювати такі властивості композитів, як водопоглинання, яке змінювалося в інтервалі від 2,6 до 14,2 мас. %, відкрита пористість – від 3,58 до 21,35%, залишкова деформація – від 0,1 до 0,3, та Модуль Юнга – від 19,7 до 677,5 МПа, що відкриває широкі можливості для налаштування характеристик композитів під конкретні застосування.