bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Long-term bowel dysfunction following low anterior resection
Authors: Dulskas Audrius , Kavaliauskas Povilas , Pilipavicius Lukas , Jodinskas Mantas , Mikalonis Martynas , Samalavicius Narimantas E.
Published: July 2020

Study aimed to assess long-term bowel function in patients who underwent low anterior resection for cancer five and more years ago. Patients who underwent low anterior resection for rectal cancer from 2010 to 2015 at National Cancer Institute were prospectively included in our study. They were interviewed using low anterior resection syndrome (LARS) score and Wexner questionnaire. We also assessed possible risk factors of postoperative bowel disorder. 150 patients were included in our study. Of them 125 (83.3%) were analysed. The median age at diagnosis was 62 years (40–79), and the average time of follow-up was 7.5 years (5–11). Overall, 58 (46.4%) patients had LARS, of them 33 (26.4%)—major LARS and 25 (20%)—minor LARS and 67 (53.6%) reported no LARS. Wexner score results were: normal in 43 (34.4%) patients, minor faecal incontinence—55 (44%), average faecal incontinence—18 (14.4%), complete faecal incontinence—9 (7.2%). 51 patients (40.8%) had tumour in the upper third rectum, 51 (40.8%)—in the middle and 23 (18.4%)—lower third. Preoperative (chemo)radiotherapy was the only significant risk factors for developing LARS in univariate analysis. Our study showed that only preoperative radiotherapy may be associated with more late problems in defecation after rectal cancer surgery.

Trial registration: NCT03920202.
Development of ultrasensitive and As(iii)-selective upconverting (NaYF4:Yb3+,Er3+) platform
Authors: Duhan Suman , Sahoo Kedar , Singh Sudhir Kumar , Kumar Manoj
Published: July 2020

Solid-phase, LRET-based NaYF4:Yb3+,Er3+ platform for the ultrasensitive (1 nM) detection of arsenic.
Fluorescent methylammonium lead halide perovskite quantum dots as a sensing material for the detection of polar organochlorine pesticide residues
Authors: Yang Yayu , Han Ailing , Hao Sijia , Li Xia , Luo Xiaoyu , Fang Guozhen , Liu Jifeng , Wang Shuo
Published: July 2020

The doping of polar OCPs in MAPB-QDs induced the change in the crystal structure and blue-shift of fluorescence.
A multifunctional DNA nanostructure based on multicolor FRET for nuclease activity assay
Authors: Hu Juan , Li Wen-can , Qiu Jian-Ge , Jiang BingHua , Zhang Chun-yang
Published: July 2020

We develop a four-color fluorescent probe for ratiometric detection of multiple nucleases based on multistep fluorescence resonance energy transfer.
(NH4)3[B(OH)3]2(COOH)3: a graphite-like UV nonlinear optical material with a large birefringenceviastructural optimization
Authors: Deng Yalan , Wang Lei , Ge Yuwei , Huang Ling , Gao Daojiang , Bi Jian , Zou Guohong
Published: July 2020

A metal-free graphite-like UV NLO material (NH4)3[B(OH)3]2(COOH)3exhibits a large birefringence originating from the structural optimization.
Ru(ii) photosensitizers competent for hypoxic cancers via green light activation
Authors: Ballester Francisco J. , Ortega Enrique , Bautista Delia , Santana M. Dolores , Ruiz José
Published: July 2020

Ru(ii) complexes exhibit phototherapeutic indexes higher than 750 in cancer HeLa cells with low nanomolar IC50 values under low doses of non-harmful green light and are active in normoxia and hypoxia conditions.
Boron-hyperdoped silicon for the selective oxidative dehydrogenation of propane to propylene
Authors: Chen Junjie , Rohani Parham , Karakalos Stavros G. , Lance Michael J. , Toops Todd J. , Swihart Mark T. , Kyriakidou Eleni A.
Published: July 2020

Boron-hyperdoped silicon with enriched surface BOx and B–OH species showed enhanced propylene productivity in the oxidative dehydrogenation of propane.
A DNAzyme cascade for amplified detection of intracellular miRNA
Authors: Wu Yanan , Li Jing , Quan Ke , Meng Xiangxian , Yang Xiaohai , Huang Jin , Wang Kemin
Published: July 2020

Inspired by the natural enzyme cascade reaction, an artificial DNAzyme cascade system is developed for the amplified detection of intracellular miR-141.
Graphene encircled KFeSO4F cathode composite for high energy density potassium-ion batteries
Authors: Dong Jiemin , Liao Jiaying , He Xiaodong , Hu Qiao , Yu Yifan , Chen Chunhua
Published: July 2020

Graphene-decorated KFeSO4F material is synthesized via a facile solvothermal method combined with a ball-milling process.
Facile preparation of a stable 3D host for lithium metal anodes
Authors: Jiang Zhipeng , Jin Liu , Zeng Ziqi , Xie Jia
Published: July 2020

A simple strategy to prepare a stable 3D host means that it can form a stable interface after Li deposition with a prolonged cycle lifespan.
Field-induced slow magnetic relaxation in two interpenetrated cobalt(ii) metal–organic framework isomers
Authors: Wei Xiao-Qin , Shao Dong , Xue Cai-Long , Qu Xing-Yu , Chai Jie , Li Jian-Qing , Du Yi-En , Chen Yong-Qiang
Published: July 2020

Two interpenetrated cobalt(ii) metal–organic framework (MOF) isomers were successfully synthesized and magnetically characterized. These compounds are the first example of MOF isomers showing field-induced single-ion magnet behavior.
A heterofunctional ligand approach for the preparation of high connectivity coordination polymers: combining a “bridge” and “pillar” in one ligand
Authors: AL-Fayaad Hydar A. , Athukorala Arachchige Kasun S. , Clegg Jack K.
Published: July 2020

A new strategy that combines the design elements of reticular synthesis and pillaring is proposed.
Changing the magnetic states of an Fe/BaTiO3 interface through crystal field effects controlled by strain
Authors: O. Amorim Carlos , Gonçalves João N. , Amaral João S. , Amaral Vítor S.
Published: July 2020

The search for better and inexpensive magnetoelectric materials is now commonplace in solid state physics, using electric field induced strain to change the multiferroic magnetic state.
Highly dispersed MnOx–FeOx supported by silicalite-1 for the selective catalytic reduction of NOx with NH3 at low temperatures
Authors: Gu Jialiang , Zhu Bingjun , Duan Rudi , Chen Yan , Wang Shaoxin , Liu Lili , Wang Xidong
Published: July 2020

MnOx–FeOx-Loaded silicalite-1 catalysts exhibit high NOx conversion at low temperatures.
Lead(ii) coordination polymers driven by pyridine-hydrazine donors: from anion-guided self-assembly to structural features
Authors: Mahmoudi Ghodrat , Afkhami Farhad Akbari , Kennedy Alan R. , Zubkov Fedor I. , Zangrando Ennio , Kirillov Alexander M. , Molins Elies , Mitoraj Mariusz P. , Safin Damir A.
Published: July 2020

This work unveils an indispensable role of London dispersion forces and relativistic effects in tetrel and covalent bonds of the type Pb–X (X = O, N, S, I), which drives formation of extended architectures of lead(ii) coordination polymers.
Hydration of α-UO3following storage under controlled conditions of temperature and relative humidity
Authors: Wilkerson Marianne P. , Hernandez Sarah C. , Mullen W. Tyler , Nelson Andrew T. , Pugmire Alison L. , Scott Brian L. , Sooby Elizabeth S. , Tamasi Alison L. , Wagner Gregory L. , Walensky Justin R.
Published: July 2020

Experimental measurements and theoretical evaluation of changes in chemical speciation of α-UO3using XRD, EXAFS, TGA, and DFT calculations.
Electrochemical synthesis of sulfonamides in a graphite powder macroelectrode
Authors: Vicente Dmistocles A. , Galdino Danilo , Navarro Marcelo , Menezes Paulo H.
Published: July 2020

The electrochemical generation of sulfinyl radicals from commercially available and non-expensive sodium salts of sulfinic acids is described.
5-Hydroxymethylfurfural from fructose: an efficient continuous process in a water-dimethyl carbonate biphasic system with high yield product recovery
Authors: Sayed Mahmoud , Warlin Niklas , Hulteberg Christian , Munslow Ian , Lundmark Stefan , Pajalic Oleg , Tunå Per , Zhang Baozhong , Pyo Sang-Hyun , Hatti-Kaul Rajni
Published: July 2020

A facile, rapid process for 5-HMF production at high yield and purity using a green biphasic system.
2020 atomic spectrometry update – a review of advances in X-ray fluorescence spectrometry and its special applications
Authors: Vanhoof Christine , Bacon Jeffrey R. , Fittschen Ursula E. A. , Vincze Laszlo
Published: July 2020

This review covers developments in and applications of XRF techniques such as EDXRF, WDXRF, TXRF, XRF microscopy using technologies such as synchrotron sources, X-ray optics, X-ray tubes and detectors in laboratory, mobile and hand-held systems.
Antileishmanial assessment of isoxazole derivatives against L. donovani
Authors: Mukhopadhyay Sushobhan , Barak Dinesh S. , Karthik R. , Verma Sarvesh K. , Bhatta Rabi S. , Goyal Neena , Batra Sanjay
Published: July 2020

The antileishmanial activity of a variety of 3-nitro and 3-amino-isoxazoles against promastigote and amastigote stages of L. donovani is described.
Catalyst-free and solvent-free hydroboration of alkynes
Authors: Jaladi Ashok Kumar , Choi Hyeon Seong , An Duk Keun
Published: July 2020

The hydroboration of alkynes with pinacolborane (HBpin) under catalyst- and solvent-free conditions was demonstrated.
A computational evaluation of MoS2-based materials for the electrocatalytic oxygen reduction reaction
Authors: Chen Junyu , Cao Jiamu , Zhou Jing , Wang Weiqi , Zhang Yufeng , Liu Junfeng , Liu Xiaowei
Published: July 2020

The potential of modified MoS2-based materials in oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) was evaluated by DFT calculations.
A polarization propagation mechanism of Fe and Cu atoms co-doped in two-dimensional-Si3N4
Authors: Li Weili , Yan Zhengxin , Zhai Xiaowei , Chen Li , Liu Wei , Wang Yixian , Zhou Gaoliang , Xiong Kezhao
Published: July 2020

Fe and Cu atoms doped into two dimensional (2D) Si3N4 honeycomb structures exhibit magnetic anisotropy, and planar spin-polarization propagation.
1,8-Diazabicyclo[5.4.0]-undec-7-ene based protic ionic liquids and their binary systems with molecular solvents catalyzed Michael addition reaction
Authors: Ara Gulshan , Miran Muhammed Shah , Islam Md. Mominul , Mollah M. Yousuf A. , Rahman M. Muhibur , Susan Md. Abu Bin Hasan
Published: July 2020

Michael addition reaction of acetylacetone and cyclohexenone has been studied using 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]-undec-7-ene (DBU) based protic ionic liquids and their binary systems with DBU, water and acetic acid as catalysts.
Regioselective synthesis of substituted thiazoles via cascade reactions from 3-chlorochromones and thioamides
Authors: Dai Tianzi , Cui Chen , Qi Xueyu , Cheng Yanshu , He Qian , Zhang Xiaofei , Luo Xiaomin , Yang Chunhao
Published: July 2020

An efficient and regioselective strategy to synthesize substituted thiazoles via a cascade reaction in an environmentally benign medium was developed.
A mitochondrial-targetable dual functional near-infrared fluorescent probe to monitor pH and H2O2 in living cells and mice
Authors: Bi Xueyuan , Wang Yingying , Wang Dandan , Liu Liming , Zhu Wen , Zhang Junjie , Zha Xiaoming
Published: July 2020

A lower pH level and high hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) concentration in mitochondria is closely associated with a variety of diseases including cancer and inflammation.
Transition metal- and catalyst-free one-pot green method for the synthesis of N-sulfonyl amidines via direct reaction of sulfonyl azides with amines
Authors: Kaboudin Babak , Torabi Saeed , Kazemi Foad , Aoyama Hiroshi
Published: July 2020

A green synthesis of N-sulfonyl amidines via the direct reaction of tertiary or secondary amines with sulfonyl azides.
A model for grain boundary thermodynamics
Authors: Darvishi Kamachali Reza
Published: July 2020

Density-based grain boundary thermodynamic assessment based on available bulk thermodynamic data teaches a pragmatic way to unlock microstructure defects engineering.
Correction: Electrochemical biosensor for detection of 17β-estradiol using semi-conducting polymer and horseradish peroxidase
Authors: Spychalska Kamila , Zając Dorota , Wiatrowska Aleksandra , Cabaj Joanna
Published: July 2020

Correction for ‘Electrochemical biosensor for detection of 17β-estradiol using semi-conducting polymer and horseradish peroxidase’ by Kamila Spychalska et al., RSC Adv., 2020, 10, 9079–9087, DOI: 10.1039/C9RA09902F.
Correction: Directional-dependent pockets drive columnar–columnar coexistence
Authors: García Álvaro González , Tuinier Remco , de With Gijsbertus , Cuetos Alejandro
Published: July 2020

Correction for ‘Directional-dependent pockets drive columnar–columnar coexistence’ by Álvaro González García et al., Soft Matter, 2020, DOI: 10.1039/d0sm00802h.
Lattice-mismatch-induced growth of ultrathin Pt shells with high-index facets for boosting oxygen reduction catalysis
Authors: Li Xiang , Liu Yaming , Bi Wei , Bi Jinglei , Guo Ruiyun , Li Rui , Wang Chaoqi , Zhan Qi , Wang Weicong , Yang Shengchun , Shi Fenglei , Wu Jianbo , Jin Mingshang
Published: July 2020

By manipulating the lattice mismatch, ultrathin Pt shells enclosed by high-index facets could be deposited on Pd–Cu alloy substrates to boost the oxygen reduction catalysis.
RORα phosphorylation by casein kinase 1α as glucose signal to regulate estrogen sulfation in human liver cells
Authors: Hu Hao , Negishi Masahiko
Published: July 2020

Estrogen sulfotransferase (SULT1E1) metabolically inactivates estrogen and SULT1E1 expression is tightly regulated by multiple nuclear receptors. Human fetal, but not adult, livers express appreciable amounts of SULT1E1 protein, which is mimicked in human hepatoma-derived HepG2 cells cultured in high glucose (450 mg/dl) medium. Here, we have investigated this glucose signal that leads to phosphorylation of nuclear receptor RORα (NR1F1) at Ser100 and the transcription mechanism by which phosphorylated RORα transduces this signal to nuclear receptor HNF4α, activating the SULT1E1 promoter. The promoter is repressed by non-phosphorylated RORα which binds a distal enhancer (−943/−922 bp) and interacts with and represses HNF4α-mediated transcription. In response to high glucose, RORα becomes phosphorylated at Ser100 and reverses its repression of HNF4α promoter activation. Moreover, the casein kinase CK1α, which is identified in an enhancer-bound nuclear protein complex, phosphorylates Ser100 in in vitro kinase assays. During these dynamic processes, both RORα and HNF4α remain on the enhancer. Thus, RORα utilizes phosphorylation to integrate HNF4α and transduces the glucose signal to regulate the SULT1E1 gene in HepG2 cells and this phosphorylation-mediated mechanism may also regulate SULT1E1 expressions in the human liver.
MicroRNAs in ascending thoracic aortic aneurysms
Authors: Moushi Areti , Pillar Nir , Keravnou Anna , Soteriou Marinos , Shomron Noam , Cariolou Marios A. , Bashiardes Evy
Published: July 2020

Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm (TAA) is characterized by the dilation of the aorta and is fatal if not diagnosed and treated appropriately. The underlying genetic mechanisms have not been completely delineated, so better knowledge of the physiopathology of TAAs is needed to improve detection and therapy. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally and are known to be involved in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). The current study aimed to identify miRNAs that can be used as possible biomarkers for the early diagnosis of patients with ascending TAAs (ATAAs). MiRNA expression was profiled by NanoString nCounter technology using 12 samples including tissue and pre- and post-surgical plasma from ATAA patients. Four miRNAs were selected and further validated by real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in 22 plasma samples from which three miRNAs (hsa-miR140-5p, hsa-miR-191-5p and hsa-miR-214-3p) showed significant expression level differences between the two types of plasma samples. Further analyses of the corresponding predicted target genes by these miRNAs, revealed two genes (Myotubularin-related protein 4 (MTMR4) and Phosphatase 1 catalytic subunit β (PPP1CB)) whose expression was inversely correlated with the expression of their respective miRNAs. Overall, in this pilot study, we identified three miRNAs that might serve as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in ATAA.
Early science with SPIRou: near-infrared radial velocity and spectropolarimetry of the planet-hosting star HD 189733
Authors: Moutou C. , Dalal S. , Donati J.-F. , Martioli E. , Folsom C. P. , Artigau É. , Boisse I. , Bouchy F. , Carmona A. , Cook N. J. , Delfosse X. , Doyon R. , Fouqué P. , Gaisné G. , Hébrard G. , Hobson M. , Klein B. , Lecavelier des Etangs A. , Morin J.
Published: July 2020

SPIRou is the newest spectropolarimeter and high-precision velocimeter that has recently been installed at the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope on Maunakea, Hawaii. It operates in the near-infrared and simultaneously covers the 0.98–2.35 μm domain at high spectral resolution. SPIRou is optimized for exoplanet search and characterization with the radial-velocity technique, and for polarization measurements in stellar lines and subsequent magnetic field studies. The host of the transiting hot Jupiter HD 189733 b has been observed during early science runs. We present the first near-infrared spectropolarimetric observations of the planet-hosting star as well as the stellar radial velocities as measured by SPIRou throughout the planetary orbit and two transit sequences. The planetary orbit and Rossiter-McLaughlin anomaly are both investigated and modeled. The orbital parameters and obliquity are all compatible with the values found in the optical. The obtained radial-velocity precision is compatible with about twice the photon-noise estimates for a K2 star under these conditions. The additional scatter around the orbit, of about 8 m s−1, agrees with previous results that showed that the activity-induced scatter is the dominant factor. We analyzed the polarimetric signal, Zeeman broadening, and chromospheric activity tracers such as the 1083nm HeI and the 1282nm Paβ lines to investigate stellar activity. First estimates of the average unsigned magnetic flux from the Zeeman broadening of the FeI lines give a magnetic flux of 290 ± 58 G, and the large-scale longitudinal field shows typical values of a few Gauss. These observations illustrate the potential of SPIRou for exoplanet characterization and magnetic and stellar activity studies.
Search for helium in the upper atmosphere of the hot Jupiter WASP-127 b using Gemini/Phoenix
Authors: dos Santos Leonardo A. , Ehrenreich David , Bourrier Vincent , Allart Romain , King George , Lendl Monika , Lovis Christophe , Margheim Steve , Meléndez Jorge , Seidel Julia V. , Sousa Sérgio G.
Published: July 2020

Large-scale exoplanet search surveys have shown evidence that atmospheric escape is a ubiquitous process that shapes the evolution and demographics of planets. However, we lack a detailed understanding of this process because very few exoplanets that have been discovered to date could be probed for signatures of atmospheric escape. Recently, the metastable helium triplet at 1.083 μm has been shown to be a viable window for the presence of He-rich escaping envelopes around short-period exoplanets. Our objective is to use, for the first time, the Phoenix spectrograph to search for helium in the upper atmosphere of the inflated hot Jupiter WASP-127 b. We observed one transit and reduced the data manually since no pipeline is available. We did not find a significant in-transit absorption signal indicative of the presence of helium around WASP-127 b, and we set a 90% confidence upper limit for excess absorption at 0.87% in a 0.75 Å passband covering the He triplet. Given the large scale height of this planet, the lack of a detectable feature is likely due to unfavorable photoionization conditions for populating the metastable He I triplet. This conclusion is supported by the inferred low coronal and chromospheric activity of the host star and the old age of the system, which result in a relatively mild high-energy environment around the planet.
Validity of Using Velocity to Estimate Intensity in Resistance
Exercises in Men and Women
Authors: Pareja-Blanco Fernando , Walker Simon , Häkkinen Keijo
Published: July 2020

This study aimed to examine the validity of using bar velocity to estimate
relative load in squat and bench-press exercises for both young men and
women. Twenty-five men and 25 women performed a progressive loading test up
to 1-RM in the squat and bench-press exercises, which were repeated after
2-weeks. Relationships between mean propulsive velocity and%1-RM
were analysed. A second-order polynomial equation for predicting the
corresponding velocity of each percentage of 1-RM was developed for men
(validation). This equation was then applied in women (cross-validation).
Moreover, a specific equation for women was developed (validation) and was
also applied in a sub-sample of women (cross-validation). Close
relationships (R2: 0.91–0.95) between bar velocity and
relative load were observed in both sexes for squat and bench press.
Men’s equation applied to women showed a high level of agreement,
although lower bias and higher level of agreement was observed when a
sex-specific equation was applied in women, both validation and
cross-validation samples. In conclusion, lifting velocity can be used to
accurately prescribe the relative load regardless of sex in both upper-body
and lower-body exercises, although when estimating load from velocity
measures it will be necessary to use the sex-specific equation for each
exercise.
Single-bite versus double-bite technique for mapping biopsies during endoscopic surveillance for hereditary diffuse gastric cancer: a single-center, randomized trial
Authors: Pappas Apostolos , Tan Wei Keith , Waldock William , Richardson Susan , Tripathi Monika , Januszewicz Wladyslaw , Roberts Geoffrey , O'Donovan Maria , Fitzgerald Rebecca C. , di Pietro Massimiliano
Published: July 2020

Background Endoscopic surveillance is recommended in patients with hereditary diffuse gastric cancer (HDGC) who refuse or want to delay surgery. Because early signet-ring cell carcinoma (SRCC) can be inconspicuous, the current surveillance endoscopy protocol entails 30 random biopsies, which are time-consuming. This study aimed to compare single-bite and double-bite techniques in HDGC surveillance.

Methods Between October 2017 and December 2018, consecutive patients referred for HDGC surveillance were prospectively randomized to the single- or double-bite arm. The primary outcome was the diagnostic yield for SRCC foci. Secondary outcomes were: procedural time for random biopsies; comfort score; biopsy size; and quality of specimens, the latter assessed by the presence of muscularis mucosa, crush artifact, and proportion usable for diagnostic assessment.

Results 25 patients were randomized to the single-bite arm and 23 to the double-bite arm. SRCC foci were detected in three and four patients in the single- and double-bite arms, respectively (P = 0.70). The procedural time for the double-bite arm (12 minutes, interquartile range [IQR] 4) was significantly shorter than for the single-bite arm (15 minute, IQR 6; P = 0.01), but comfort scores were similar. The size of the biopsies in the double-bite arm was significantly smaller than in single-bite arm (2.5 mm vs. 3.0 mm; P < 0.001) but this did not affect the presence of muscularis mucosa (P = 0.73), artifact level (P = 0.11), and diagnostic utility (P = 0.051).

Conclusion For patients undergoing HDGC surveillance, the double-bite technique is significantly faster than the single-bite technique. The diagnostic yield for SRCC and the biopsy quality were similar across both groups.
LI-RADS in the year 2020 – Are you already using it or still considering?
Authors: Ringe Kristina Imeen , Gut Anne , Grenacher Lars , Juchems Markus , Kukuk Guido , Wessling Johannes , Schreyer Andreas G.
Published: July 2020

Purpose The working group for gastrointestinal and abdominal imaging within the German Radiological Society performed a nationwide online survey in order to assess the current status regarding the awareness and application of LI-RADS, a classification for evaluation of liver lesions in patients at risk.

Materials and Methods Using the website www.deutsches-krankenhausverzeichnis.de a list of hospitals was generated meeting the criteria internal medicine, gastroenterology, general and visceral surgery and radiology (n = 391). Randomly, 102 department directors were contacted, and asked to name one consultant and one resident from their department in order to participate in the survey. 177 potential participants were invited to fill out an approximately 10-minute online survey in the form of 17 questions regarding the awareness and application of LI-RADS. The results of the survey were analyzed by means of descriptive statistics.

Results 77 participants were registered, which corresponds to a response rate of 43.5 %. 47 % of all participants were radiologists, 30 % surgeons and 23 % internal doctors/gastroenterologists, respectively, many with more than 13 years of professional experience (37.2 %). The majority of participants worked in a hospital with a focus (37.2 %) or a university hospital (29.1 %). Even though the majority of participants knows about or has heard of LI-RADS (73.2 %), only a minority uses the classification themselves (26 %) or within the context of tumor boards (19.2 %).

Conclusion The results of our survey demonstrate that LI-RADS is relatively known in Germany, the application however quite sparse. This is in contrast to the general desire and endeavor for more standardized reporting in radiology.

Key points

Citation Format
A Novel Approach to Substituted α-Carbamoyl Phosphonates: Useful Reagents for the Horner–Wadsworth–Emmons Olefination
Authors: Dar’in Dmitry , Krasavin Mikhail , Inyutina Anna , Chupakhin Evgeny
Published: July 2020

α-Carbamoyl phosphonates are useful reagents for the Horner–Wadsworth–Emmons olefination of aldehydes en route to medicinally relevant polysubstituted acrylamides. A new synthetic approach to these reagents has been developed. The methodology relies on the microwave-promoted Wolff rearrangement of α-acyl-α-diazophosphonates with trapping of the ketene intermediate in situ with various amines.
Tetrasubstituted Furans by Nucleophile-Induced Cleavage of Carbonyl Ylide–DMAD Cycloadducts
Authors: Maas Gerhard , Dobesch Matthias , Greiner Julian
Published: July 2020

Compounds incorporating a 4-aza-8-oxabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-6-en-2-one moiety, which were prepared by a tandem carbenoid carbonyl ylide cyclization/[3+2]-cycloaddition reaction from ethyl 2-diazo-3-oxo-4-phthalimidobutanoates, undergo a nucleophile-induced two-bond ring cleavage when treated with protic heteronucleophiles. In this manner, tetrasubstituted furantricarboxylates, tethered with α-amino acids, esters, thioesters, and amides by a 2-carbonylphenyl moiety, are obtained.
Divergent Total Syntheses of Six Ganoderma Meroterpenoids: A Bioinspired Two-Phase Strategy
Authors: Zhao Yu-Ming , Zhang Fen
Published: July 2020

We briefly highlight our recent work on the total synthesis of six Ganoderma phenolic meroterpenoids: ganocins A–C, ganocochlearins A–D, and cochlearol T. Critical to this success was a bioinspired two-phase strategy that featured an early-stage rapid construction of a common planar tricyclic intermediate and late-stage highly selective transformations of this intermediate into various Ganoderma meroterpenoids. Key steps of the synthesis include a biomimetic ortho-quinone methide intramolecular hetero-Diels–Alder reaction, a Stahl-type oxidative aromatization, a nucleophilic dearomatization of a phenol, a regioselective 1,4-reduction of a dienone, a site-selective Mukaiyama hydration, and an intramolecular oxa-Michael addition/triflation cascade.
Oversized versus Non-oversized Prosthesis: Midterm Outcomes after Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement Using SAPIEN 3 Valve
Authors: Useini Dritan , Beluli Blerta , Christ Hildegard , Mügge Andreas , Patsalis Polykarpos , Schlömicher Markus , Haldenwang Peter , Bechtel Matthias , Strauch Justus
Published: July 2020

Background A certain degree of prosthesis oversizing is recommended for the SAPIEN 3 (S3; Edwards Lifesciences Corp., Irvine, California, United States) to ensure device success. We aimed to investigate midterm outcomes in patients who received oversized (OS) S3 valve after transapical–transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TA-TAVR).

Methods Out of 122 patients with aortic stenosis who underwent TA-TAVR using S3 at our institution, 42 received OS prosthesis. We used computed tomography (CT) derived effective diameter to assess oversizing. We defined oversizing if the labeled diameter of the selected valve for implantation was ≥2 mm bigger than the effective annulus diameter calculated by the annulus area. We conducted a midterm follow-up and compared the OS cohort with the non-OS (nOS) cohort.

Results The study groups showed similar risk score and age (STS [Society of Thoracic Surgery] score: 5.4 ± 3; mean age: 80.7 ± 5.7). The 30-day mortality was 7.1% in OS versus 2.4% in nOS. The 30-day all-stroke was 2.4% in OS versus 0% in nOS. The 1- and 3-year all-cause mortality were 28.5 and 42.8% in OS versus 21.9 and 26.8% in nOS, respectively. Midterm freedom from death and from cardiocerebral events was similar in both groups. Moderate/severe paravalvular leakage occurred in 0% in OS versus 5.4% in nOS. The postdilation rate was 7.1% in OS versus 15.3% in nOS. The rate of new permanent pacemaker implantation (PPI) was 15.7% in OS versus 9.3% in nOS. The STS score was detected as an independent predictor of mortality.

Conclusion Oversizing reduces the risk of device failure and intraprocedural postdilation but increases the risk of PPI. Early and midterm morbidity and mortality after OS and nOS with S3 are comparable.
Hydrogenic impurity-related optical properties in a piezoelectric core–shell nanowire
Authors: Ha S. H. , Zhu J.
Published: July 2020

The impurity-associated optical transitions in a piezoelectric core–shell nanowire were studied using the density matrix formalism. In the calculations, four electron states were considered using a finite-difference algorithm combined with a variational approach. An obvious blueshift in the optical spectrum, especially for the transition from the free electron to impurity-bound ground states, was predicted to result from the intrinsic Stark effect induced by the piezoelectric field. The effects of the optical transition between impurity-bound states on the absorption coefficient and the refractive index of wurtzite nanowires were enhanced as the piezoelectric polarization becomes stronger. The findings are helpful for guiding further experiments on the linear and nonlinear optical properties of piezoelectric nanowires.
Establishing predictive benchmarks for new particle formation in the atmosphere
Authors: Mandel Savannah
Published: July 2020

Combined infrared spectroscopy and mass spectrometry techniques reveal information on the structural motifs in small ammonium and aminium bisulfate clusters, whose transformation into atmospheric particles is relevant to climate change.
Magnetic proximity effect observed by interfacing ferrimagnets and topological insulators
Authors: Bandari Anashe
Published: July 2020

This is a step toward being able to study the quantum anomalous Hall effect at higher temperatures.
Effect of interlayer tunneling barrier on carrier transport and fluctuation in multilayer ReS2
Authors: Lee Byung Chul , Kim Chul Min , Kim Soojin , Kim Gyu-Tae , Joo Min-Kyu
Published: July 2020

Multilayer rhenium disulfide (ReS2) has recently attracted significant attention because of the decoupled van der Waals interaction between its adjacent layers that leads to a much higher interlayer resistivity than that in other layered materials. Although the carrier transport in multilayer materials is well described by the interlayer resistance and Thomas–Fermi charge screening length (λ) in theoretical resistor network models, the understanding of the effect of electric field-dependent interlayer tunneling barrier (Eint) on current fluctuation in two-dimensional (2D) multilayer materials is limited. Herein, we report the effects of Eint on carrier transport and charge fluctuation in multilayer ReS2. The electrostatic back-gate (VBG)- and drain bias (VD)-dependent Eint causes channel migration along the c-axis in 2D multilayer systems and consequently results in two plateaus in the transconductance curve, thereby allowing us to determine the top and bottom carrier mobilities of multilayer ReS2 separately. Furthermore, the strong correlation between Eint and the Coulomb scattering parameter in multilayer ReS2 is elucidated via low-frequency noise spectroscopy. The results of our study provide a clear insight into the origins of carrier transport and current fluctuation in 2D multilayer devices.
Variable-order fractional Sobolev spaces and nonlinear elliptic equations with variable exponents
Authors: Cheng Yi , Ge Bin , Agarwal Ravi P.
Published: July 2020

A new fractional function space Xk(⋅),α(⋅)(Ω) with variable exponents k, α and its relaxed properties are established in this paper. Under this configuration, the comparison principle of the fractional α(⋅)-Laplace operator and a priori estimate of weak solutions for a variable-order fractional α(⋅)-Laplacian equation are obtained. Then, the application of a fixed point theorem ensures the existence of weak solutions for a nonlinear elliptic equation with the variable-order fractional α(⋅)-Laplacian.
Growth, saturation, and collapse of laser-driven plasma density gratings
Authors: Ma H. H. , Weng S. M. , Li P. , Li X. F. , Wang Y. X. , Yew S. H. , Chen M. , McKenna P. , Sheng Z. M.
Published: July 2020

The plasma density grating induced by intersecting intense laser pulses can be utilized as optical compressors, polarizers, waveplates, and photonic crystals for the manipulation of ultra-high-power laser pulses. However, the formation and evolution of plasma density grating are still not fully understood as linear models are adopted to describe them usually. In this paper, two theoretical models are presented to study the formation process of plasma density grating in the nonlinear stages. In the first model, an implicit analytical solution based on the fluid equations is presented, while in the second model, a particle-mesh method is adopted. It is found that both models can describe the plasma density grating formation at different stages, well beyond the linear growth stage. More importantly, the second model can reproduce the phenomenon of ion “wave-breaking” of plasma density grating, which eventually induces the saturation and collapse of plasma density grating. Using the second model, the saturation time and maximum achievable peak density of plasma density grating are obtained as functions of laser intensity and plasma density, which can be applied to estimate the lifetime and capability of plasma density grating in experiments. The results from these two newly developed models are verified using particle-in-cell simulations.
Dilute magnetism in Co-doped spinel Mg3Si6As8
Authors: Tuo P. , Pan B. C.
Published: July 2020

We present a study of Co doping in the wide-bandgap spinel Mg3Si6As8 (P4332) at the level of the density functional theory. It is found that among all considered doping sites in the compound, the substitutional doping at the tetrahedral sites is by far the most stable, and the exchange interactions between substitutional Co ions at the tetrahedral sites yield antiferromagnetic order. The crystal field effect in the splitting of the Co-d orbitals as well as the nature in the magnetic couplings between CoMgtet is revealed, and the optimal doping for the highest Néel temperature is found.
Photoresponse above 85 K of selective epitaxy grown high-Tc superconducting microwires
Authors: Xing X. , Balasubramanian K. , Bouscher S. , Zohar O. , Nitzav Y. , Kanigel A. , Hayat A.
Published: July 2020

Superconducting single-photon detectors have become a very promising infrared photon counting technology. Utilizing high-Tc superconductors to implement photon counters is significantly more practical due to their much higher operating temperatures. We report photoresponse above 85 K of YBa2Cu3O7−δ (YBCO) microwires fabricated using selective epitaxial growth (SEG), demonstrating their high photon detection efficiency. SEG does not require post-deposition treatment of the YBCO layer, thus avoiding material damage and degradation, typically occurring in conventional submicrometer YBCO device fabrication. Our results show excellent superconducting performance with a Tc of up to 89 K and a sharp transition width of ΔT∼2 K, as well as a relatively high critical current density Jc of ∼5.7×105 A/cm2 at 77 K. The optical response of our YBCO microwires, especially the high responsivity of ∼3×103 mV/(nW/um2), paves the way for infrared single-photon detection using high-Tc superconductors.
Frequency-dependent response in cortical network with periodic electrical stimulation
Authors: Wang Jixuan , Deng Bin , Gao Tianshi , Wang Jiang , Yi Guosheng , Wang Ruofan
Published: July 2020

Electrical stimulation can shape oscillations in brain activity. However, the mechanism of how periodic electrical stimulation modulates brain oscillations by time-delayed neural networks is poorly understood at present. To address this question, we investigate the effects of periodic stimulations on the oscillations generated via a time-delayed neural network. We specifically study the effect of unipolar and asymmetric bidirectional pulse stimulations by altering amplitude and frequency in a systematic manner. Our findings suggest that electrical stimulations play a central role in altering oscillations in the time-delayed neural network and that these alterations are strongly dependent on the stimulus frequency. We observe that the time-delayed neural network responds differently as the stimulation frequency is altered, as manifested by changes in resonance, entrainment, non-linear oscillation, or oscillation suppression. The results also indicate that the network presents similar response activities with increasing stimulus frequency under different excitation–inhibition ratios. Collectively, our findings pave the way for exploring the potential mechanism underlying the frequency-dependent modulation of network activity via electrical stimulations and provide new insights into possible electrical stimulation therapies to the neurological and psychological disorders in clinical practice.
An anomalously high Seebeck coefficient and power factor in ultrathin Bi2Te3 film: Spin–orbit interaction
Authors: Ahmad Mujeeb , Agarwal Khushboo , Mehta B. R.
Published: July 2020

The present study reports a strong thickness-dependence and anomalously large enhancement in the values of the Seebeck coefficient and electrical conductivity in Bi2Te3 films at ultralow thickness. An opposite sign of the Hall coefficient (negative) and Seebeck coefficient (positive) is observed in an ultrathin Bi2Te3 film (65 nm) as compared to the normally observed identical sign in the case of Bi2Te3 thin films (520 nm). A simultaneous enhancement in the values of electrical conductivity and the Seebeck coefficient results in a giant enhancement in the value of power factor from 1.86 mW/m K2 to 18.0 mW/m K2 at 416 K, with a reduction in thickness. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy investigation reveals the absence of any significant change in stoichiometry and chemical bonding upon reduction of thickness. Magnetoresistance vs magnetic field data show a sharp dip at the lower magnetic field values, indicating a weak antilocalization effect in the case of the ultrathin film sample suggesting the role of strong spin–orbit coupling toward the carrier filtering effect resulting in enhancement of thermoelectric properties. Observation of the large Seebeck coefficient and the power factor at lower thickness values and its relationship with spin–orbit coupling is an important result, both for practical applications and for better understanding of the thermoelectric properties.
Power and complexity in stochastic reconnection
Authors: Jafari Amir , Vishniac Ethan , Vaikundaraman Vignesh
Published: July 2020

Previous work has invoked kinetic and magnetic spatial complexities, associated with velocity and magnetic fields u(x,t) and B(x,t), respectively, in order to study magnetic reconnection and diffusion in turbulent and magnetized fluids. In this paper, using the coarse-grained momentum equation, we argue that the fluid jets associated with magnetic reconnection events at an arbitrary scale l in the turbulence inertial range are predominantly driven by the Lorentz force Nl=(j×B)l−jl×Bl. This force is induced by the subscale currents and is analogous to the turbulent electromotive force El=(u×B)l−ul×Bl in dynamo theories. Typically, high (low) magnetic complexities during reconnection imply large (small) spatial gradients for the magnetic field, i.e., strong (weak) Lorentz forces Nl. Reconnection launches jets of fluid, hence the rate of change of kinetic complexity is expected to strongly correlate with the power injected by the Lorentz force Nl. We test this prediction using an incompressible, homogeneous magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulation and associate it with previous results. It follows that the stronger (weaker) the turbulence, the more (less) complex the magnetic field and the stronger (weaker) the driving Lorentz forces and thus the ensuing reconnection.
Photonic crystal sensor based on Fano resonances for simultaneous detection of refractive index and temperature
Authors: Wang Shutao , Cheng Qi , Lv Jiangtao , Wang Junzhu
Published: July 2020

A structure for simultaneous measurement of refractive index (RI) and temperature (T) is proposed based on photonic crystal (PhC) beam structures. The sensor structure consists of three parallel 1D PhC cavities, in which the middle cavity 1 has a wide linewidth, and cavity 2 and cavity 3 on both sides have a narrow linewidth. By changing the RI of the analyte and the T of the ambient, we explored the linear relationship between the two parameters and resonant wavelengths, respectively. For cavity 2 with air mode, the RI and T sensitivities are 377.2 nm/RIU and 101 pm/K, respectively. For cavity 3 with dielectric mode, the RI and T sensitivities are 194 nm/RIU and 261 pm/K, respectively. In addition, we also discussed the crosstalk between two adjacent cavities at different RI and T, and all crosstalk values are lower than −7 dB and −6 dB for RI and T, respectively. Compared with previous sensor structures, the proposed sensor structure could be used in simultaneous RI and T sensing with higher sensitivity and lower crosstalk values.
Temperature relaxation in binary hard-sphere mixture system: Molecular dynamics and kinetic theory study
Authors: Tanaka Shigenori , Shimamura Kohei
Published: July 2020

Computational schemes to describe the temperature relaxation in the binary hard-sphere mixture system are given on the basis of molecular dynamics (MD) simulation and renormalized kinetic theory. Event-driven MD simulations are carried out for three model systems in which the initial temperatures and the ratios of diameter and mass of two components are different to study the temporal evolution of each component temperature in nanoscale molecular conditions mimicking those in living cells. On the other hand, the temperature changes of the two components are also described in terms of a mean-field kinetic theory with the correlation functions calculated in the Percus–Yevick approximation. The calculated results by both the computational approaches have shown fair agreement with each other, whereas slight deviations have been found in the temporal range of femto- to picoseconds when the initial temperatures of the two components are significantly different, such as 300 K vs 1000 K. This discrepancy can be ascribed to the fast intra-component temperature relaxation assumed in the kinetic theory, and its violation in the MD simulations can be evaluated in terms of the Kullback–Leibler divergence between the equilibrated Maxwell–Boltzmann distribution at each temperature and the actual non-equilibrium velocity distribution realized in the MD. Thus, the present analysis provides a quantitative basis for addressing the temperature inhomogeneities experimentally observed in nanoscale crowding conditions.
The role of orientation on the shock response of single crystal tantalum
Authors: Millett J. C. F. , Avraam P. , Whiteman G. , Chapman D. J. , Case S.
Published: July 2020

The response of single crystalline tantalum to one-dimensional shock loading has been investigated as a function of crystalline orientation to the loading axis. Results show that this has a significant effect, particularly on the Hugoniot elastic limit (HEL). [100] and [111] HELs are near identical with the [110] HEL having the lowest strength. This is contrary to predictions obtained by applying the Schmid factor analysis, where the ordering was expected to be (highest strength first) [111], [110], with the [100] orientation being the softest. Adopting a more appropriate model based on uniaxial strain conditions, as was previously done successfully for FCC aluminum and copper, did not rationalize our observations. We show that a non-Schmid effective stress model, incorporating twinning/anti-twinning asymmetry, has much greater success in reproducing the experimental relative HELs magnitudes. Using this model, we make a quantitative estimation of the magnitude of non-Schmid effects and compare these to equivalent low temperature, quasi-static estimates from the literature.
Stacking fault-associated polarized surface-emitted photoluminescence from zincblende InGaN/GaN quantum wells
Authors: Church S. A. , Ding B. , Mitchell P. W. , Kappers M. J. , Frentrup M. , Kusch G. , Fairclough S. M. , Wallis D. J. , Oliver R. A. , Binks D. J.
Published: July 2020

Zincblende InGaN/GaN quantum wells offer a potential improvement to the efficiency of green light emission by removing the strong electric fields present in similar structures. However, a high density of stacking faults may have an impact on the recombination in these systems. In this work, scanning transmission electron microscopy and energy-dispersive x-ray measurements demonstrate that one-dimensional nanostructures form due to indium segregation adjacent to stacking faults. In photoluminescence experiments, these structures emit visible light, which is optically polarized up to 86% at 10 K and up to 75% at room temperature. The emission redshifts and broadens as the well width increases from 2 nm to 8 nm. Photoluminescence excitation measurements indicate that carriers are captured by these structures from the rest of the quantum wells and recombine to emit light polarized along the length of these nanostructures.
Sensitive terahertz-wave detector responses originated by negative differential conductance of resonant-tunneling-diode oscillator
Authors: Takida Yuma , Suzuki Safumi , Asada Masahiro , Minamide Hiroaki
Published: July 2020

We present an experimental characterization of frequency- and bias-dependent detector responses in a resonant-tunneling-diode (RTD) terahertz (THz)-wave oscillator. By tuning the incident THz-wave frequency and the bias voltage applied to the RTD device, the origins of detection signals are identified to be two distinct detection modes. One is based on square-law detection near the peak and valley points of the negative differential conductance (NDC) region, with the detection bandwidth determined by an integrated slot antenna. The other is based on detectable current changes induced by injection locking within the NDC region when the frequency of the incident THz-wave radiation to be detected is coincident with that of the bias-dependent RTD self-oscillation between 0.74 and 0.81 THz, resulting in a minimum noise equivalent power (NEP) of 7.7 pW/√Hz at 0.78 THz at room temperature. Our conclusions demonstrate that an RTD oscillator can be used as a sensitive THz-wave detector within and around the NDC region.