bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Utility of Peripheral Film Findings and its Correlation with Automated Analyzer – An Audit from Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Asad Sidra , Ahmed Imran , Ali Natasha
Published: August 2016

Background and Objective: With the advent of automated hematology analyzer, the use of traditional microscopy of blood film has become limited. The objective of our study was to determine the percentage of peripheral blood smear review in our institution in the era of automation and to identify reasons of manual review.

Materials and Methods: This was a prospective audit from January 1, 2015, to January 15, 2015. Consecutive complete blood count (CBC) samples and peripheral smear requests made up the sample size. All age groups and genders were included. CBCs were performed on Sysmex XE-5000. The variables to be analyzed included inpatient and outpatient samples, frequency of peripheral film review, identifying reasons of smear review, and addition of information missed by the automated analyzer.

Results: We analyzed 1200 consecutive CBC samples. Peripheral smear was reviewed in 500 (42%) of the cases of which, 241 were inpatient, and 259 were outpatient samples. In 384/500, the findings of hematology analyzer correlated with peripheral smear review. Flags identified included nucleated red blood cells (NRBCs) in 155 (40%), immature white blood cell (WBC) 129 (34%), and atypical lymphocytes 100 (26%). In 23% of the cases, the analyzer missed important findings. The sensitivity of abnormal histogram in our study was 91.3%, while the sensitivity of abnormal parameters was 100%.

Conclusion: Peripheral smear review was performed in 42% of the cases. The analyzer identified NRBC, immature WBC precursors, and atypical lymphocytes as the most common abnormality. The information correlated in 77% of the cases.
Spectrum of upper gastrointestinal bleed: An experience from Eastern India
Authors: Parvez Md Nadeem , Goenka Mahesh Kumar , Tiwari Indrajeet Kumar , Goenka Usha
Published: August 2016

Background/Aims: The etiology of upper gastrointestinal bleed (UGIB) is variable in different geographical regions. Epidemiological data are helpful in knowing the burden of the problem. This study was conducted to know the etiological spectrum, mortality, morbidity, and predictors of outcome in patients with acute UGIB. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the data of patients admitted to our hospital between January 2013 and May 2015, with UGIB and noted the clinical presentation, etiology of bleed, and outcome. Results: A total of 337 patients [272 (80.7%) male, 65 (19.3%) female (male:female ratio: 4:1)] of UGIB were included in the study. The mean age of the patients was 55.11 ± 14.8 years (Range - 14–85 years). The most common etiology of UGIB was peptic ulcer (40.05%) followed by varices (33%). Majority of patients were managed medically. Endotherapy was required only in 33% patients. The mean duration of hospital stay was 6.6 ± 5.79 days. Rebleed was seen in 11 (3.2) patients and surgery was required in 6 (1.7%). In hospital, mortality was 2.6%. Age ≥65 years (odds ratio [OR]: 9.5, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.108–29.266), serum albumin <3 g/dl (OR: 3.1, 95% CI: 1.049–9.682), and serum creatinine >2 mg/dl (OR: 4.1, 95% CI: 1.068–8.591) were associated with increased mortality. Conclusions: Peptic ulcer disease is still the most common cause of UGIB. Majority of patients can be managed medically. Rebleed rate, need for surgery, and mortality due to UGIB are declining. Elderly age (>65), hypoalbuminemia serum albumin<3g/dl (<3) and renal dysfunction (serum creatinine >2) are important factors associated with increased mortality.
Cystic duct remnant stone removal by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
Authors: Harwani Yogesh , Goenka Mahesh , Rai Vijay , Goenka Usha
Published: August 2016

Cystic duct remnant calculus (CDRC) is an important cause of postcholecystectomy syndrome.[1] Open assess cholecystectomy or laparoscopic cholecystectomy of the remnant duct is effective and considered to be preferred treatment. We report a case of 65-year-old female patient, a poor surgical candidate with CDRC who presented to us with biliary pain and obstructive jaundice secondary to common bile duct (CBD) stones, in whom CDRC was extracted during CBD clearance by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography.
Continental pollution in the Western Mediterranean basin: large variability
of the aerosol single scattering albedo and influence on the direct
shortwave radiative effect
Authors: Di Biagio Claudia , Formenti Paola , Doppler Lionel , Gaimoz Cécile , Grand Noel , Ancellet Gerard , Attié Jean-Luc , Bucci Silvia , Dubuisson Philippe , Fierli Federico , Mallet Marc , Ravetta François
Published: August 2016

Abstract. Pollution aerosols strongly influence the composition of the Western Mediterranean basin, but at present little is known on their optical properties. We report in this study in situ observations of the single scattering albedo (ω) of pollution aerosol plumes measured over the Western Mediterranean basin during the TRAQA (TRansport and Air QuAlity) airborne campaign in summer 2012. Cases of pollution export from different source regions around the basin and at different altitudes between  ∼  160 and 3500 m above sea level were sampled during the flights. Data from this study show a large variability of ω, with values between 0.84–0.98 at 370 nm and 0.70–0.99 at 950 nm. The single scattering albedo generally decreases with the wavelength, with some exception associated to the mixing of pollution with sea spray or dust particles over the sea surface. The lowest values of ω (0.84–0.70 between 370 and 950 nm) are measured in correspondence of a fresh plume possibly linked to ship emissions over the basin. The range of variability of ω observed in this study seems to be independent of the source region around the basin, as well as of the altitude and aging time of the plumes. The observed variability of ω reflects in a large variability for the complex refractive index of pollution aerosols, which is estimated to span in the large range 1.41–1.77 and 0.002–0.097 for the real and the imaginary parts, respectively, between 370 and 950 nm. Radiative calculations in clear-sky conditions were performed with the GAME radiative transfer model to test the sensitivity of the aerosol shortwave Direct Radiative Effect (DRE) to the variability of ω as observed in this study. Results from the calculations suggest up to a 50 and 30 % change of the forcing efficiency (FE), i.e. the DRE per unit of optical depth, at the surface (−160/−235 W m−2 τ−1 at 60° solar zenith angle) and at the Top-Of-Atmosphere (−137/−92 W m−2 τ−1) for ω varying between its maximum and minimum value. This induces a change of up to an order of magnitude (+23/+143 W m−2 τ−1) for the radiative effect within the atmosphere.
Quantifying local-scale dust emission from the Arabian Red Sea coastal plain
Authors: Anisimov Anatolii , Tao Weichun , Stenchikov Georgiy , Kalenderski Stoitchko , Prakash P. Jish , Yang Zongliang , Shi Mingjie
Published: August 2016

Abstract. Dust plumes emitted from the narrow Arabian Red Sea coastal plain are often observed on satellite images and felt in local population centers. Despite its relatively small area, the coastal plane could be a significant dust source, however, its effect is not well quantified as it is not well approximated in global or even regional models. In addition, because of close proximity to the Red Sea, a significant amount of dust from the coastal areas could be deposited into the Red Sea and serve as a vital component of the nutrient balance of marine ecosystems. In the current study, we apply the off-line fine-resolution version of the Community Land Model version-4 (CLM4) land surface model to better quantify dust emission from the coastal plain. We verify the spatial and temporal variability of model results using independent station reports. We also compare the results with the MERRA Aerosol Reanalysis (MERRAero) reanalysis. We show that the best results are obtained with 1-km spatial resolution and dust source function based on Meteosat Second Generation Spinning Enhanced Visible and InfraRed Imager (SEVIRI) measurements. We present the dust emission spatial pattern, estimates of seasonal and diurnal variability of dust event frequency and intensity, and discuss the emission regime in the major dust generation hot spot areas. We demonstrate the contrasting seasonal dust cycles in the northern and southern parts of the coastal plain and discuss the physical mechanisms responsible for dust generation. The total dust emission from the coastal plain appears to be 7.5 Mt per year, with over 65 % of dust emitted from its northern part. The mineralogical composition analysis suggests that the coastal plain generates around 76 Kt of iron oxides and 6 Kt of phosphorus annually. Given the structure of wind circulation in this area and close proximity of the dust hot spots to the sea, we can expect that a significant amount of emitted dust is deposited to the sea, almost matching the annual deposition from major dust storms.
Proposed standardized definitions for vertical resolution and uncertainty in
the NDACC lidar ozone and temperature algorithms – Part 2: Ozone DIAL
uncertainty budget
Authors: Leblanc Thierry , Sica Robert J. , van Gijsel Joanna A. E. , Godin-Beekmann Sophie , Haefele Alexander , Trickl Thomas , Payen Guillaume , Liberti Gianluigi
Published: August 2016

Abstract. A standardized approach for the definition, propagation, and reporting of uncertainty in the ozone differential absorption lidar data products contributing to the Network for the Detection for Atmospheric Composition Change (NDACC) database is proposed. One essential aspect of the proposed approach is the propagation in parallel of all independent uncertainty components through the data processing chain before they are combined together to form the ozone combined standard uncertainty. The independent uncertainty components contributing to the overall budget include random noise associated with signal detection, uncertainty due to saturation correction, background noise extraction, the absorption cross sections of O3, NO2, SO2, and O2, the molecular extinction cross sections, and the number densities of the air, NO2, and SO2. The expression of the individual uncertainty components and their step-by-step propagation through the ozone differential absorption lidar (DIAL) processing chain are thoroughly estimated. All sources of uncertainty except detection noise imply correlated terms in the vertical dimension, which requires knowledge of the covariance matrix when the lidar signal is vertically filtered. In addition, the covariance terms must be taken into account if the same detection hardware is shared by the lidar receiver channels at the absorbed and non-absorbed wavelengths. The ozone uncertainty budget is presented as much as possible in a generic form (i.e., as a function of instrument performance and wavelength) so that all NDACC ozone DIAL investigators across the network can estimate, for their own instrument and in a straightforward manner, the expected impact of each reviewed uncertainty component. In addition, two actual examples of full uncertainty budget are provided, using nighttime measurements from the tropospheric ozone DIAL located at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) Table Mountain Facility, California, and nighttime measurements from the JPL stratospheric ozone DIAL located at Mauna Loa Observatory, Hawai'i.
Impact of ice sheet meltwater fluxes on the climate evolution at the onset
of the Last Interglacial
Authors: Goelzer Heiko , Huybrechts Philippe , Loutre Marie-France , Fichefet Thierry
Published: August 2016

Abstract. Large climate perturbations occurred during the transition between the penultimate glacial period and the Last Interglacial (Termination II), when the ice sheets retreated from their glacial configuration. Here we investigate the impact of ice sheet changes and associated freshwater fluxes on the climate evolution at the onset of the Last Interglacial. The period from 135 to 120 kyr BP is simulated with the Earth system model of intermediate complexity LOVECLIM v.1.3 with prescribed evolution of the Antarctic ice sheet, the Greenland ice sheet, and the other Northern Hemisphere ice sheets. Variations in meltwater fluxes from the Northern Hemisphere ice sheets lead to North Atlantic temperature changes and modifications of the strength of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation. By means of the interhemispheric see-saw effect, variations in the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation also give rise to temperature changes in the Southern Hemisphere, which are additionally modulated by the direct impact of Antarctic meltwater fluxes into the Southern Ocean. Freshwater fluxes from the melting Antarctic ice sheet lead to a millennial timescale oceanic cold event in the Southern Ocean with expanded sea ice as evidenced in some ocean sediment cores, which may be used to constrain the timing of ice sheet retreat.
A JavaScript API for the Ice Sheet System Model:
towards on online interactive model for the
Cryosphere Community
Authors: Larour Eric , Cheng Daniel , Perez Gilberto , Quinn Justin , Morlighem Mathieu , Duong Bao , Nguyen Lan , Petrie Kit , Harounian Silva , Halkides Daria , Hayes Wayne
Published: August 2016

Abstract. Earth System Models (ESMs) are becoming increasingly complex, requiring extensive knowledge and experience to deploy and use in an efficient manner. They run on high-performance architectures that are significantly different from the everyday environments that scientists use to pre and post-process results (i.e. MATLAB, Python). This results in models that are hard to use for non specialists, and that are increasingly specific in their application. It also makes them relatively inaccessible to the wider science community, not to mention to the general public. Here, we present a new software/model paradigm that attempts to bridge the gap between the science community and the complexity of ESMs, by developing a new JavaScript Application Program Interface (API) for the Ice Sheet System Model (ISSM). The aforementioned API allows Cryosphere Scientists to run ISSM on the client-side of a webpage, within the JavaScript environment. When combined with a Web server running ISSM (using a Python API), it enables the serving of ISSM computations in an easy and straightforward way. The deep integration and similarities between all the APIs in ISSM (MATLAB, Python, and now JavaScript) significantly shortens and simplifies the turnaround of state-of-the-art science runs and their use by the larger community. We demonstrate our approach via a new Virtual Earth System Laboratory (VESL) Web site.
SERVICE AREAS OF LOCAL URBAN GREEN SPACES: AN EXPLORATIVE APPROACH IN ARROIOS, LISBON
Authors: Figueiredo R. , Gonçalves A. B. , Ramos I. L.
Published: August 2016

The identification of service areas of urban green spaces and areas with lack of these is increasingly necessary within city planning and management, as it translates into important indicators for the assessment of quality of life. In this setting, it is important to evaluate the attractiveness and accessibility dynamics through a set of attributes, taking into account the local reality of the territory under study. This work presents an operational methodology associated with these dynamics in local urban green spaces, assisting in the planning and management of this type of facilities. The methodology is supported firstly on questionnaire surveys and then on network analysis, processing spatial data in a Geographic Information Systems (GIS) environment. In the case study, two local green spaces in Lisbon were selected, on a local perspective explorative approach. Through field data, it was possible to identify service areas for both spaces, and compare the results with references in the literature. It was also possible to recognise areas with lack of these spaces. The difficulty to evaluate the dynamics of real individuals in their choices of urban green spaces and the respective route is a major challenge to the application of the methodology. In this sense it becomes imperative to develop different instruments and adapt them to other types of urban green spaces.
DECENTRALIZED ORCHESTRATION OF COMPOSITE OGC WEB PROCESSING SERVICES IN THE CLOUD
Authors: Xiao F. , Shea G. Y. K. , Cao J.
Published: August 2016

Current web-based GIS or RS applications generally rely on centralized structure, which has inherent drawbacks such as single points of failure, network congestion, and data inconsistency, etc. The inherent disadvantages of traditional GISs need to be solved for new applications on Internet or Web. Decentralized orchestration offers performance improvements in terms of increased throughput and scalability and lower response time. This paper investigates build time and runtime issues related to decentralized orchestration of composite geospatial processing services based on OGC WPS standard specification. A case study of dust storm detection was demonstrated to evaluate the proposed method and the experimental results indicate that the method proposed in this study is effective for its ability to produce the high quality solution at a low cost of communications for geospatial processing service composition problem.
USING PARTICIPATORY APPROACH TO IMPROVE AVAILABILITY OF SPATIAL DATA FOR LOCAL GOVERNMENT
Authors: Kliment T. , Cetl V. , Tomič H. , Lisiak J. , Kliment M.
Published: August 2016

Nowadays, the availability of authoritative geospatial features of various data themes is becoming wider on global, regional and national levels. The reason is existence of legislative frameworks for public sector information and related spatial data infrastructure implementations, emergence of support for initiatives as open data, big data ensuring that online geospatial information are made available to digital single market, entrepreneurs and public bodies on both national and local level. However, the availability of authoritative reference spatial data linking the geographic representation of the properties and their owners are still missing in an appropriate quantity and quality level, even though this data represent fundamental input for local governments regarding the register of buildings used for property tax calculations, identification of illegal buildings, etc. We propose a methodology to improve this situation by applying the principles of participatory GIS and VGI used to collect observations, update authoritative datasets and verify the newly developed datasets of areas of buildings used to calculate property tax rates issued to their owners. The case study was performed within the district of the City of Požega in eastern Croatia in the summer 2015 and resulted in a total number of 16072 updated and newly identified objects made available online for quality verification by citizens using open source geospatial technologies.
TRAFFIC INCIDENT MANAGEMENT IN THE PRESENCE OF HAZARDS
Authors: Wang Z. , Zlatanova S. , Steenbruggen John
Published: August 2016

Traffic incidents can result in different kinds of hazards (e.g., plumes) that influence the status of road networks, therefore there is a great need for incident management in the presence of the hazards. When incidents occur, the created hazards not only affect the normal road users (make them detour or blocked), but also influence the movement of first responders. Traffic managers, who are responsible for maintaining the road safety and traffic stability, should carry out quick and effective measures to manage the incidents. In this paper, we present four issues to help people better understand the situations that could occur in the management of incidents with hazards: 1). Evacuation in the presence of hazards; 2). 3D incident management; 3). Navigation support for first responders; 4). Navigation support for road users. To address these issues, we propose a solution which combines agent technology, geo-database, hazard simulation, and traffic simulation. Further research would be needed to investigate the potentials of the proposed solution in real applications.
AN INTEGRATED APPROACH FOR POLLUTION MONITORING: SMART ACQUIREMENT AND SMART INFORMATION
Authors: Arco E. , Boccardo P. , Gandino F. , Lingua A. , Noardo F. , Rebaudengo M.
Published: August 2016

Air quality is a factor of primary importance for the quality of life. The increase of the pollutants percentage in the air can cause serious problems to the human and environmental health. For this reason it is essential to monitor its values to prevent the consequences of an excessive concentration, to reduce the pollution production or to avoid the contact with major pollutant concentration through the available tools. Some recently developed tools for the monitoring and sharing of the data in an effective system permit to manage the information in a smart way, in order to improve the knowledge of the problem and, consequently, to take preventing measures in favour of the urban air quality and human health. In this paper, the authors describe an innovative solution that implements geomatics sensors (GNSS) and pollutant measurement sensors to develop a low cost sensor for the acquisition of pollutants dynamic data using a mobile platform based on bicycles. The acquired data can be analysed to evaluate the local distribution of pollutant density and shared through web platforms that use standard protocols for an effective smart use.
ENABLING “ENERGY-AWARENESS” IN THE SEMANTIC 3D CITY MODEL OF VIENNA
Authors: Agugiaro G.
Published: August 2016

This paper presents and discusses the first results regarding selection, analysis, preparation and eventual integration of a number of energy-related datasets, chosen in order to enrich a CityGML-based semantic 3D city model of Vienna. CityGML is an international standard conceived specifically as information and data model for semantic city models at urban and territorial scale. The still-in-development Energy Application Domain Extension (ADE) is a CityGML extension conceived to specifically model, manage and store energy-related features and attributes for buildings.

 The work presented in this paper is embedded within the European Marie-Curie ITN project “CINERGY, Smart cities with sustainable energy systems”, which aims, among the rest, at developing urban decision making and operational optimisation software tools to minimise non-renewable energy use in cities. Given the scope and scale of the project, it is therefore vital to set up a common, unique and spatio-semantically coherent urban data model to be used as information hub for all applications being developed. This paper reports about the experiences done so far, it describes the test area in Vienna, Austria, and the available data sources, it shows and exemplifies the main data integration issues, the strategies developed to solve them in order to obtain the enriched 3D city model. The first results as well as some comments about their quality and limitations are presented, together with the discussion regarding the next steps and some planned improvements.
Multilevel spatiotemporal validation of snow/ice mass balance and runoff modeling in glacierized catchments
Authors: Hanzer Florian , Helfricht Kay , Marke Thomas , Strasser Ulrich
Published: August 2016

Abstract. In this study, the fully distributed, physically based hydroclimatological model AMUNDSEN is set up for catchments in the highly glacierized Ötztal Alps (Austria, 558 km2 in total). The model is applied for the period 1997–2013, using a spatial resolution of 50 m and a temporal resolution of 1 h. A novel parameterization for lateral snow redistribution based on topographic openness is presented to account for the highly heterogeneous snow accumulation patterns in the complex topography of the study region. Multilevel spatiotemporal validation is introduced as a systematic, independent, complete, and redundant validation procedure based on the observation scale of temporal and spatial support, spacing, and extent. This new approach is demonstrated using a comprehensive set of eight independent validation sources: (i) mean areal precipitation over the period 1997–2006 derived by conserving mass in the closure of the water balance, (ii) time series of snow depth recordings at the plot scale, (iii–iv) multitemporal snow extent maps derived from Landsat and MODIS satellite data products, (v) the snow accumulation distribution for the winter season 2010/2011 derived from airborne laser scanning data, (vi) specific surface mass balances for three glaciers in the study area, (vii) spatially distributed glacier surface elevation changes for the entire area over the period 1997–2006, and (viii) runoff recordings for several subcatchments. The results indicate a high overall model skill and especially demonstrate the benefit of the new validation approach. The method can serve as guideline for systematically validating the coupled components in integrated snow-hydrological and glacio-hydrological models.
Persistence and variability of ice-stream grounding lines on retrograde bed slopes
Authors: Robel Alexander A. , Schoof Christian , Tziperman Eli
Published: August 2016

Abstract. In many ice streams, basal resistance varies in space and time due to the dynamically evolving properties of subglacial till. These variations can cause internally generated oscillations in ice-stream flow. However, the potential for such variations in basal properties is not considered by conventional theories of grounding-line stability on retrograde bed slopes, which assume that bed properties are static in time. Using a flow-line model, we show how internally generated, transient variations in ice-stream state interact with retrograde bed slopes. In contrast to predictions from the theory of the marine ice-sheet instability, our simulated grounding line is able to persist and reverse direction of migration on a retrograde bed when undergoing oscillations in the grounding-line position. In turn, the presence of a retrograde bed may also suppress or reduce the amplitude of internal oscillations in ice-stream state. We explore the physical mechanisms responsible for these behaviors and discuss the implications for observed grounding-line migration in West Antarctica.
A QUESTÃO DO DESENVOLVIMENTO E OS DESDOBRAMENTOS RECENTES DO PROCESSO DE FRAGMENTAÇÃO DO ESPAÇO URBANO EM RECIFE/PE – O CASO DO “PROJETO NOVO RECIFE”
Authors: Augusto Alves dos Santos Otávio , Tôrres Aguiar Gomes Edvânia
Published: August 2016

O objetivo desse trabalho é analisar alguns dos desdobramentos mais significativos do processo crescente de “fragmentação do espaço” urbano em Recife, resultante do modelo de desenvolvimento adotado e orientado segundo uma “lógica vertical” de reprodução capitalista do espaço. Para isso, busca-se compreender a relaçãoentre desenvolvimento e “fragmentação do espaço” urbano, bem como o caráter das práticas de planejamento e gestão urbanos, numa cidade à deriva das estratégias privatizantes do capital imobiliário. Os argumentos reflexivos têm por base uma breve incursão histórica e uma análise concisa do Projeto Novo Recife/PE, um dos principais mega-empreendimentos hoje em evidência nessa cidade.Palavras-chave: desenvolvimento, fragmentação, projeto Novo Recife.
Avaliação de manifestações patológicas identificadas nas estruturas em madeira do centro de eventos IBC (Instituto Brasileiro do Café)
Authors: Arrobas Martins Juliana Furtado , Fioriti Cesar Fabiano
Published: August 2016

RESUMO: Este trabalho trata de um estudo de caso realizado no edifício do Centro de Eventos IBC (Instituto Brasileiro do Café), sendo este um dos mais antigos e conhecidos do município de Presidente Prudente, interior do estado de São Paulo; em que por meio de inspeção visual foram identificadas as manifestações patológicas presentes e as mais frequentes no sistema estrutural em madeira. Para isso foi realizada a análise dos aspectos gerais das anomalias, com o objetivo de identificar o tipo de dano encontrado. As manifestações patológicas detectadas que ocorreram com maior incidência foram: podridão das peças, atuação de agentes bióticos, irregularidades geométricas, uniões deficientes em cavilhas, reparos deficientes e fissuras. Por fim, são apresentadas as causas prováveis e as possíveis soluções de reparo dos problemas patológicos, onde se percebeu que a maioria dos danos poderiam ter sido minimizados caso houvesse um programa de manutenção periódica preventiva no edifício. Diante do exposto, o trabalho contribui como forma de exemplificar as possíveis manifestações patológicas que ocorrem em elementos construtivos em madeira, bem como suas causas prováveis e possíveis soluções, servindo de alerta para projetistas, construtores e usuários, a fim de que se passe a ter mais cuidado com as especificações de procedimentos, com a execução das estruturas, assim como sua utilização. ABSTRACT: This is a case study performed in the building of the Center of Events IBC (Brazilian Institute of Coffee), being this one of the most known and old in the city of Presidente Prudente, state of São Paulo; in that by means of visual inspection were identified the pathological manifestations present and the more frequent in structural system in wood. For this reason the analysis was performed of the general aspects of anomalies, with the aim of identifying the type of damage found. The pathological manifestations detected which occurred with greater incidence were: rotting of parts, actuation of biotic agents, irregularities geometrical, unions deficient in gudgeon pins, repairs handicapped and cracks. Finally are presented the probable causes and possible solutions for repair of pathological problems, where it was noticed that most of the damage could have been minimized if there was a program of preventive periodic maintenance in the building. This work contributes for exemplify the possible pathologic manifestations that occur in building elements in wood, as well as your probable causes and possible solutions, serving as a warning for designers, builders and users, in order to have more caution with procedure specifications, structure execution, as well as your use.
Comparação entre a eficiência estrutural de perfis soldados de aço e perfis de aço formados a frio
Authors: Nogueira Uiatan Aguiar , Melo Matilde Batista , De Lima Araujo Daniel
Published: August 2016

RESUMO: A Análise de elementos estruturais, realizadas durante as etapas de projeto de uma estrutura, é parte fundamental para garantia de bom desempenho e estabilidade do sistema estrutural. Na execução de algumas estruturas, como as coberturas em edificações, é usual o emprego de perfis leves de aço formados a frio devido ao seu baixo peso. Esta pesquisa tem por objetivo avaliar a eficiência estrutural desses perfis quando comparados, por exemplo, aos perfis soldados compactos. Para tanto, foram realizados ensaios de flexão em quatro vigas biapoiadas submetidas a duas forças concentradas, de forma a se obter flexão pura no meio do vão das vigas. Estas foram instrumentadas para a determinação da sua rigidez e da sua resistência à flexão. A principal contribuição deste trabalho é demonstrar a eficiência estrutural de perfis formados a frio em seção caixa submetidos à flexão em comparação com perfis de seção tipo “H” soldados. ABSTRACT: The analysis of structural elements, in a structure’s design, is an essential step to ensure good performance and stability of the structural system. In any types of structures, such as roofing in buildings, it’s usual using cold-formed steel beams due to their small weight. This research seeks to evaluate the structural efficiency of cold-formed steel beams when compared, for example, to compact welded steel beams. Thus, bending tests were performed in four simply supported beams submitted to two concentrated loads, in order to obtain pure flexure at the mid-span of the beams. These beams were instrumented for the determination of their rigidity and bending strength. The results showed that the cold-formed steel beam, box-shaped, presented structural efficiency similar to the welded steel beam “H” shaped.
Uma abordagem analítica para detecção de pontos limites e de bifurcação
Authors: Matias Silva William Taylor , Duque Gutierrez Maria Paz , Andrade Da Silva Wellington
Published: August 2016

RESUMO: Neste trabalho descreve-se analiticamente de maneira detalhada a detecção e a classificação de pontos críticos na trajetória primária de equilíbrio de sistemas estruturais. Utiliza-se a Formulação Lagrangiana Total para descrever a cinemática de um elemento de barra biarticulado 2D. Através desta formulação obtém-se o vetor de forças internas e a matriz de rigidez tangente que levam em conta os efeitos da não linearidade geométrica. Assume-se um modelo constitutivo linear elástico para o estado uniaxial de tensão-deformação, usando a deformação de Green-Lagrange e a tensão axial do segundo tensor de Piola-Kirchhoff que são energeticamente conjugados. Como estudo de caso apresenta-se uma treliça plana hiperestática composta com 3 elementos biarticulados 2D e com dois graus de liberdade. Por fim, determinam-se as condições geométricas e físicas para a coalescência entre os pontos limites e de bifurcação. A principal contribuição deste trabalho é demonstrar a necessidade de compreender melhor os fenômenos não lineares para projetar sistemas estruturais mais seguros. ABSTRACT: Using an analytical this paper describes in detail the detection and classification of critical points in the primary equilibrium path of structural systems. The Total Lagrangian formulation is employed to describe the kinematics of a 2D bar element. With this formulation, the internal force vector and the tangent stiffness matrix including the geometric nonlinearity effects are obtained. An elastic linear constitutive model is assumed for the uniaxial stress-strain state. Such model uses the Green-Lagrange strain tensor and the second Piola-Kirchhoff axial stress tensor which are energetically conjugate tensors. As a study case, the article presents a statically inderminate plane truss discretized with three 2D bar elements. Finally, the geometrical and physical conditions for the coalescence between limit and bifurcation points are determined. The main contribution of this work is to demonstrate the need to better understanding the non linear phenomena. Such understanding is necessary for designing safer structural systems.
Atrosynnema, a new hyphomycete from dead branches in China
Authors: Xia Ji-Wen , Ma Ying-Rui , Gao Jian-Mei , Zhang Xiu-Guo , Li Zhuang
Published: August 2016

Atrosynnema digitosporum gen. & sp. nov., collected on dead branches in Hainan Province, China, is described and illustrated. It has black synnematous conidiomata, integrated unbranched conidiophores, and monoblastic conidiogenous cells that produce brown, obclavate, dictyoseptate,
rostrate conidia often with a mucilaginous cap around the apex.
Linkosia aquatica sp. nov. from submerged plant debris from Brazil
Authors: Conceição Lucas B. , Marques Marcos Fabio Oliveira , Gusmão Luis Fernando Pascholati , Santana Monteiro Josiane , Castañeda-Ruiz Rafael F.
Published: August 2016

A new species, Linkosia aquatica, found on a submerged decaying twig in a stream, is described and illustrated. It is characterized by cylindrical, slightly clavate, sometimes filiform conidia that are 8–21-septate with a distinctly subclavate pale brown apical cell. A
key to all Linkosia species and illustrations of their conidia are provided.
Pseudocercospora picrasmicola sp. nov. and a new record of P. paludicola from China
Authors: Zhai Fengyan , Liu Yingjie , Guo Yinglan
Published: August 2016

Pseudocercospora picrasmicola on Picrasma quassioides is introduced as a new species, based on Chinese specimens previously misdetermined as "Prathigada picrasmae." Pseudocercospora paludicola on Persicaria chinensis is reported as new to China. The
two species are described, illustrated, and discussed. Examined specimens are deposited in the Herbarium of the Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing (HMAS).
First record of Pileolaria terebinthi (Pucciniales) in Pakistan
Authors: Ali B. , Sohail Y. , Mumtaz A.S.
Published: August 2016

The rust fungus, Pileolaria terebinthi is recorded for the first time in Pakistan, on Pistacia chinensis.
Lectotypification of the name Umbilicaria esculenta
Authors: Davydov Evgeny A. , Ohmura Yoshihito
Published: August 2016

The protologue and typification of the name Umbilicaria esculenta [≡ Gyrophora esculenta], an East Asian lichen-forming fungus, are discussed. The lectotype is designated from the Miyoshi collection deposited in TNS.
Codinaea leomaiae sp. nov. from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest
Authors: Barbosa Marcela A. , Costa Phelipe M.O. , Malosso Elaine , Castañeda-Ruiz Rafael F.
Published: August 2016

Codinaea leomaiae was collected on the decaying leaf of an unidentified plant and is described and illustrated as a new species. It is distinguished by polyphialidic conidiogenous cells that produce broadly fusiform or eye-shaped, unicellular, hyaline conidia with a single, curved
setula at each end. A comparative table and conidial illustrations of some rather similar non-setose Dictyochaeta species are also provided.
Turkish truffles 2: eight new records from Anatolia
Authors: Elliott Todd F. , Türkoğlu Aziz , Trappe James M. , Güngör Mehrican Yaratanakul
Published: August 2016

Eight truffle taxa are identified as new records for Turkey: two representing Ascomycota (Tuber ferrugineum, Tuber puberulum) and six representing Basidiomycota (Hymenogaster rehsteineri, Hysterangium calcareum, Leucophleps aculeatispora,
Melanogaster macrosporus, Sclerogaster compactus, Sclerogaster hysterangioides). We also report new localities within Turkey for Tuber borchii and Melanogaster ambiguus.
New species and new records of the lichen genus Fuscopannaria from China
Authors: Liu Hua-Jie , Hu Jian-sen , Wu Qing-feng
Published: August 2016

Four species belonging to the lichen genus Fuscopannaria are reported from China: Fuscopannaria rugosa sp. nov., F. cheiroloba (new to Asia), F. coralloidea (new to Asia), and F. protensa (new to China). Descriptions and comments for the four species
are presented. The type specimen of F. rugosa is deposited in HMAS-L.
Four new morel (Morchella) species in the elata subclade (M. sect. Distantes) from Turkey
Authors: Taşkın Hatıra , Doğan Hasan Hüseyİn , Büyükalaca Saadet , Clowez Philippe , Moreau Pierre-Arthur , O'Donnell Kerry
Published: August 2016

Four Turkish Morchella species identified in published multilocus molecular phylogenetic analyses are described here as new, using detailed macro- and microscopic data: M. mediterraneensis (Mel-27), M. fekeensis (Mel-28), M. magnispora (Mel-29),
and M. conifericola (Mel-32). A distribution map of morels identified to date in Turkey is also provided.
Postmodernity as an Epistemological Shift: Kony 2012 as a Case Study for the Global Influence of Postmodernity
Authors: French Robert P. , Ehrman James E.
Published: August 2016

Participants at the 2010 Edinburgh Missionary Conference were asked to study and discuss postmodernity. In their discussion, three points found wide agreement: the difficulty in defining postmodernity, a view of postmodernity as a Western issue, and a sense that those who hold postmodern views have little hope. The present study suggests that postmodernity is best understood as an epistemological shift. Using the Kony 2012 campaign as a case study, we argue that epistemology is the best way in which to understand postmodernity, that this shift in epistemology is influencing a variety of contexts globally, and that hope can be found in the postmodern paradigm, especially if conceptualized as an epistemology.
Leaving Husband, Home, and Baby and All: African American Women and Nineteenth-Century Global Missions
Authors: Pierce Yolanda
Published: August 2016

By profiling the lives of three nineteenth-century African American women missionaries (Eliza Davis George, Emma Beard Delaney, and Florence Spearing Randolph) this article attends to three major themes: (1) broadening and complicating our understanding of the intersections of race and gender in world missions, (2) examining the theological and secular motivations for African American women’s ministerial labors, and (3) suggesting how nineteenth-century African American missionary women may still provide a model for contemporary service in world missions.
As Denunciantes de Violência Conjugal e os Serviços Prestados por uma Deam Segundo sua Equipe de Profissionais
Authors: Cortez Mirian Beccheri , Souza Lídio
Published: August 2016

Investigou-se a percepção dos funcionários de uma Deam sobre as mulheres denunciantes e as implicações dessa percepção na avaliação do serviço que realizam. A Análise Temática de Conteúdo realizada nas entrevistas individuais com os 14 profissionais da equipe gerou as categorias: “Pobre mulher” e “Casos raros” caracterizam denunciantes e denúncias mais e menos frequentes; “Por que elas falam?” e “Por que outras se calam?” agregam aspectos relevantes para denunciar a violência sofrida (medo, filhos, dependência afetivo-financeira, controle da violência). Desistências do processo e reincidências de violência geram frustração profissional, a qual parece ser favorecida, também, pelas percepções sobre as usuárias e sobre decisões de denúncia. Destaca-se a importância da formação adequada e do apoio psicossocial para essas equipes.
A Coparentalidade ao Longo do Desenvolvimento dos Filhos: Estabilidade e Mudança no 1º e 6º Ano de Vida
Authors: Augustin Débora , Frizzo Giana Bitencourt
Published: August 2016

Coparentalidade se define como o compartilhamento da parentalidade, permeando aspectos como divisão de tarefas, responsabilidades, liderança e apoio entre os pais na criação dos filhos. Este estudo visou pesquisar possíveis mudanças no exercício da coparentalidade em diferentes estágios do desenvolvimento infantil, investigando duas famílias e comparando dois momentos: o primeiro e o sexto ano de vida da criança. Em ambos os momentos se entrevistou os pais e mães sobre a experiência da maternidade/paternidade e sobre o relacionamento conjugal, visando compreender a coparentalidade. Os resultados mostraram que alguns aspectos da coparentalidade tendem a se manter estáveis ao longo do desenvolvimento infantil, como características individuais dos pais, enquanto outros, como divisão de tarefas, podem sofrer transformações em função das diferentes necessidades e habilidades da criança.
Aprendizagem de Relações Auditivo-Visuais por Meio de Tentativas de Exclusão
Authors: Langsdorff Luiza Costa , Schmidt Andréia , Domeniconi Camila
Published: August 2016

O responder por exclusão é um fenômeno extremamente robusto e previsível, o que indica que tentativas de exclusão podem constituir importante tecnologia de ensino de novas relações por permitirem a aprendizagem sem erros. Não obstante, a literatura não esclarece o número de tentativas de exclusão necessário para a aprendizagem de relações auditivo-visuais. O presente estudo, conduzido com oito crianças com desenvolvimento típico e idades entre 5 e 9 anos, buscou investigar, a partir de um conjunto específico de procedimentos, o número de tentativas de exclusão necessário para a aprendizagem de relações auditivo-visuais. Os resultados de aprendizagem se concentraram no número mínimo de tentativas previsto pelo procedimento (duas), o que indica que os procedimentos utilizados podem constituir importante tecnologia de ensino.
Repercussões do Conflito Conjugal para o Ajustamento de Crianças e Adolescentes: Um Estudo Teórico
Authors: Goulart Viviane Ribeiro , Wagner Adriana , Barbosa Paola Vargas , Pereira Mosmann Clarisse
Published: August 2016

As repercussões do conflito conjugal no desenvolvimento da prole vêm sendo estudadas de forma expressiva no contexto internacional. Assumindo a relevância desta temática para a saúde mental familiar, o objetivo do presente estudo é descrever as repercussões do conflito conjugal para o ajustamento de crianças e adolescentes, a partir da literatura. Para tanto, fez-se uma articulação dos resultados de pesquisas derivadas dos principais modelos teóricos que explicam tais reverberações no contexto familiar. Expõem-se resultados de estudos acerca da percepção, dos sentimentos e das estratégias de enfrentamento dos filhos diante do conflito conjugal, demonstrando a influência negativa do conflito para o desenvolvimento dos filhos e, confirmando o efeito spillover. Destacam-se o reconhecimento do caráter multidimensional do conflito e a existência da multiplicidade de caminhos e fatores que influenciam a vulnerabilidade dos filhos ao conflito conjugal.
The Revolution of Virtual Practice
Authors: Liu Qin , Zhang Ru-liang
Published: August 2016

Virtual practice is a new form of human practice, it is an important change in previous human practice. It is composed of the virtual subject, virtual object and virtual intermediary. With the development of virtual practice, virtual cognition makes epistemology changed radically. Discussion on virtual practice is a hot issue in the philosophy of virtual reality. The discussion is mainly focused on the virtual practice, the composition of virtual practice and virtual cognition.
Willingness to Pay for Maintenance of a Nature Conservation Area: A Case of Mount Wilhelm, Papua New Guinea
Authors: Ezebilo Eugene
Published: August 2016

Ecosystem services that are not traded on markets contribute to human wellbeing however their economic value is not well known and research is required to reveal it. This paper reports on a study of willingness to pay (WTP) for the maintenance of Mount Wilhelm by urban residents and socio-economic factors influencing it. The possibility of developing an ecotourism strategy that could generate benefits for local are discussed. The data were obtained from questionnaire and personal interviews of residents of Kundiawa, which is the capital of Simbu Province, Papua New Guinea. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics and binary logit regression model. The results showed that 92% of the respondents were willing to pay for maintenance of Mount Wilhelm and they would pay an average of 7.4 Papua New Guinea Kina (US$ 2.5) each year. The respondents who belonged to high income group had the highest WTP, followed by those who were willing to give out part of their land for conservation. Approximately 62% of the respondents would pay ≥10 Papua New Guinea Kina (PGK), which is equivalent to the amount charged as access fee to Mount Wilhelm by the locals living around it. The willingness to pay ≥10 PGK was influenced by income, education, importance of forests and willingness to give up land for conservation. The findings will contribute to land use planning and design of nature-based recreation that meets societal demands.