bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Jointly optimizing preprocessing and inference for DNN-based visual analytics
Authors: Kang Daniel , Mathur Ankit , Veeramacheneni Teja , Bailis Peter , Zaharia Matei
Published: November 2020

While deep neural networks (DNNs) are an increasingly popular way to query large corpora of data, their significant runtime remains an active area of research. As a result, researchers have proposed systems and optimizations to reduce these costs by allowing users to trade off accuracy and speed. In this work, we examine
end-to-end
DNN execution in visual analytics systems on modern accelerators. Through a novel measurement study, we show that the
preprocessing of data
(e.g., decoding, resizing) can be the bottleneck in many visual analytics systems on modern hardware.

To address the bottleneck of preprocessing, we introduce two optimizations for
end-to-end
visual analytics systems. First, we introduce novel methods of achieving accuracy and throughput trade-offs by using natively present, low-resolution visual data. Second, we develop a runtime engine for efficient visual DNN inference. This runtime engine a) efficiently pipelines preprocessing and DNN execution for inference, b) places preprocessing operations on the CPU or GPU in a hardware- and input-aware manner, and c) efficiently manages memory and threading for high throughput execution. We implement these optimizations in a novel system, Smol, and evaluate Smol on eight visual datasets. We show that its optimizations can achieve up to 5.9X
end-to-end
throughput improvements at a fixed accuracy over recent work in visual analytics.
On the efficiency of K-means clustering
Authors: Wang Sheng , Sun Yuan , Bao Zhifeng
Published: November 2020

This paper presents a thorough evaluation of the existing methods that accelerate Lloyd's algorithm for fast
k
-means clustering. To do so, we analyze the pruning mechanisms of existing methods, and summarize their common pipeline into a unified evaluation framework UniK. UniK embraces a class of well-known methods and enables a fine-grained performance breakdown. Within UniK, we thoroughly evaluate the pros and cons of existing methods using multiple performance metrics on a number of datasets. Furthermore, we derive an optimized algorithm over UniK, which effectively hybridizes multiple existing methods for more aggressive pruning. To take this further, we investigate whether the most efficient method for a given clustering task can be automatically selected by machine learning, to benefit practitioners and researchers.
E-commerce Development in Europe: A Panel Data Analysis 2003–2017
Authors: Ortiz Alma Lucero , Rodríguez José Carlos , Gómez Mario
Published: November 2020

The Internet is a networking infrastructure that allows people’s communication throughout the world, transcending time and space limits. Nowadays, the Internet has changed the way of doing business, leading to a digital economy. Indeed, e-commerce has emerged as commercial transactions conducted over the Internet, which has become a source of economic growth for countries. In this sense, the research question conducting this research is as follows: what are the main variables that have affected the development of e-commerce in European countries from 2003 to 2017? In so doing, panel data econometric methods are used in this research. The tests of cross-section dependence (Pesaran test), unit root (Cross-sectional Im, Pesaran and Shin tests), cointegration (Kao and Fisher-Johansen tests), and heterogeneous causality (Hurlin and Dumitrescu test) are applied. In this regard, the results show that the variables in this research are characterized by a transversal dependence, and that they are integrated of order one. Furthermore, there is evidence that the variables are cointegrated, suggesting that there is a long-term relationship equilibrium between these variables. In addition, there is a bidirectional causality relationship between R&D spending (RD) and mobile phone penetration (MPP). Also, there is a unidirectional relationship from the development of e-commerce (EC) to RD and from per capita disposable income (PI) to RD. Besides, results suggest a positive and significant effect of MPP, RD, and PI on the EC in European developed countries. Therefore, these results show that the CE of the developed countries of Europe could be promoted through the improvement of the MPP, DR and IP.
Targeting of Online Advertising Using Logistic Regression
Authors: Šoltés Erik , Táborecká-Petrovičová Janka , Šipoldová Romana
Published: November 2020

Recently, the internet became the dominant medium in marketing and comparing the development of expenditures into advertising indicates the dominance of online advertising will be inevitably stronger. Internet advertising compared to traditional media advertising has plenty of advantages hence online marketing exhibits a huge expansion in recent era. To fully utilize the potential of online marketing, it is necessary to effectively target activities of relevant internet users with the real presumption they will purchase promoted products or services. The paper is focused on demographic targeting by the mean of logistic regression models. Explanatory variables in presented application are arising from affinities of internet webpages visited by particular users and areas of their interests that are identified from their online behaviour. Our paper provides binomial logistic mode whose role is to predict the gender of internet user and multinomial logistic model constructed for the estimation of age category the user may be assigned to. The only variables exploited in the model by the mean of stepwise regression are variables with significant influence. The impact of particular factors is quantified via odds ratios that are used for the identification of areas of interests typical for women, men and for considered age categories. The paper demonstrates how it is possible to utilise estimated logistic models for the estimation of probabilities that the internet user is from a target group – in our case, women aged 25–44 years old. Prediction quality of models is assessed by the set of classification measures arising from confusion matrix that is generally acceptable in machine learning. Presented analyses are conducted in statistical software SAS Enterprise Guide on data provided from the real advertising campaign. More than 160,000 statistical units enabled the confirm results gained on training dataset of a relatively huge validation dataset.
Hepatocyte ploidy modulation in liver cancer
Authors: Duncan Andrew W
Published: November 2020

Polyploidy, a balanced amplification of the genome, is common in the liver. The function of hepatic polyploidy is not entirely clear, but growing evidence shows that polyploidy can protect the liver from tumor formation. In this issue of EMBO Reports, Sladky and colleagues identify the PIDDosome as a polyploidy sensor that regulates liver cancer (Sladky et al, 2020b).
Clinical Effects of Pleurotomy on Postoperative Outcomes of Patients Undergoing On-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting with Skeletonized Left Internal Thoracic Artery
Authors: Selçuk Emre , Günay Deniz , Aksüt Mehmet , Baş Tolga , Erdem Hasan , Kırali Mehmet Kaan
Published: November 2020

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical impact of pleurotomy during skeletonized internal thoracic artery (ITA) harvesting in patients undergoing on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).
Methods: Consecutive patients (n = 758) who underwent CABG with skeletonized ITA were divided into 2 groups according to pleural integrity: open pleura (OP) and closed pleura (CP). Propensity score matching was performed after retrospective data extraction. The measured outcomes were postoperative pulmonary and hemorrhagic complications, 30-day mortality, and duration of hospital stay.
Results: Among 236 propensity score–matched pairs, there was no statistically significant difference between the 2 groups in terms of first 30-day mortality (OP, n = 7 [3%]; CP, n = 5 [2.5%]), blood product use (OP, 0.90 ± 0.71; CP, 0.74 ± 0.7), or median duration of hospital stay. The incidence of postoperative pleural effusion, thoracentesis, prolonged mechanical ventilation, respiratory failure, excessive drainage, cardiac tamponade, and reexploration and the number of patients requiring transfusion were similar in both groups.
Conclusion: The clinical effect of pleural protection or pleurotomy on postoperative outcomes is limited in patients undergoing on-pump CABG with skeletonized ITA.
Cultural competence in Brazilian psychodrama
Authors: Fleury Heloisa Junqueira
Published: November 2020

O 22º Congresso Brasileiro de Psicodrama criou um espaço virtual para o congraçamento de várias gerações de profissionais interessados no trabalho com grupos e individuais. No entanto, como é esperado de fenômenos grupais, centenas de participantes tomaram o palco e explicitaram semelhanças e diferenças, gerando conflitos e um pedido para que este editorial abordasse a exigência da sociedade de uma análise mais aprofundada da discriminação sistêmica, a qual impõe contextos hostis e prejudiciais a todos os envolvidos no processo.
Knowledge, intersubjectivity and social practices
Authors: Costa Liana Fortunato , Conceição Maria Inês Gandolfo
Published: November 2020

The paper focuses on the concept of intersubjectivity and its importance for guiding community actions and the consequent construction of new social practices. Authors who have an epistemological reference in the focus of interrelationships, emphasizing the field of interaction as the locus in which encounters, mismatches, problems, and solutions to human issues occur, are presented. The concepts of Jacob Levy Moreno, creator of psychodrama, are laid out to support the premise that there is no possibility of one man alone; instead, there will always be a man and the other, a role and its counter role. That being said, affectivity is one of the nuclei that generate bonds and the development of groups, while, according to Moreno, the greatest expression of affectivity is the release of spontaneity-creativity.
Features of dielectric properties of medical thermal indicators based on dispersions of cholesteric liquid crystals in the polymer matrix
Authors:   Kyiv National University of Technologies and Design, 2, Nemirovich-Danchenko str., 01011 Kyiv, Ukraine, Kovalchuk O.V. ,   ational Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute” 37, prospect Peremohy, 03056 Kyiv, Ukraine,   Institute of Physics, NAS of Ukraine 46, prospect Nauky, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine, Kotovskyi V.Yo. ,   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute” 37, prospect Peremohy, 03056 Kyiv, Ukraine, Ovcharek V.E. ,   Kyiv National University of Technologies and Design, 2, Nemirovich-Danchenko str., 01011 Kyiv, Ukraine, Oleinikova I.V. ,   Kyiv National University of Technologies and Design, 2, Nemirovich-Danchenko str., 01011 Kyiv, Ukraine, Kovalchuk T.M. ,   . Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine 41, prospect Nauky, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: November 2020

Within the frequency range 10…106 Hz, the frequency dependences of the real (ε') and imaginary (ε") components of the complex dielectric permittivity of medical thermal indicators based on polyvinyl acetate and mixtures of cholesteric liquid crystals have been studied. In them, the selective reflection of electromagnetic waves visible to the human eye occurs at normal (36.6 °C) and elevated (38.2 °C) human body temperatures. Being based on the comparison of the ε' frequency dependences for the studied in this work dispersions of nematic liquid crystals prepared using the same technology and with the same polymer, it has been shown that, already on the basis of analysis of frequency dependences for ε', it is possible to ascertain the difference in characteristics for two types of thermal indicators. From the comparison of frequency dependences for ε", the main reasons of a difference between dielectric properties of the investigated medical thermal indicators for various temperatures of a human body have been ascertained.
Serum folate levels and cognitive performance in the ELSA-Brasil baseline assessment
Authors: SANTOS Itamar de Souza , SUEMOTO Claudia Kimie , VALLADÃO-JUNIOR José Benedito Ramos , LIU Simin , BARRETO Sandhi Maria , FEDELI Ligia Maria Giongo , LOTUFO Paulo Andrade , BENSENOR Isabela Martins
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT Background: Most studies that analyze the association between serum folate levels and cognitive function either restrict their assessments to specific clinical scenarios or do not include middle-aged individuals, to whom strategies for preventing cognitive impairment may be more feasible. Objective: To examine the association between serum folate levels and cognitive function in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil) baseline assessment. Methods: Data from 4,571 ELSA-Brasil participants who live in the state of São Paulo, aged 35-74 years, were analyzed. The word list learning, delayed recall, word recognition, verbal fluency, and Trail Making Test Part B consisted in the cognitive tests. For each test, age, sex, and education-specific standardized scores and a global cognitive score were calculated. Crude and adjusted linear regression models were used to examine the associations of serum folate levels with cognitive test scores. Results: In multivariable-adjusted models, serum folate was not associated with global cognitive score (β=-0.043; 95% confidence interval [95%CI] -0.135 to 0.050 for lowest vs. highest quintile group), nor with any cognitive test performance. We did not find associations between serum folate and global cognitive scores in subgroups stratified by age, sex, or use of vitamin supplements either. Conclusions: We did not find significant associations between serum folate and cognitive performance in this large sample, which is characterized by a context of food fortification policies and a consequent low frequency of folate deficiency. Positive results from previous studies may not apply to the increasingly common contexts in which food fortification is implemented, or to younger individuals.
Giovanni Aldini and his contributions to non-invasive brain stimulation
Authors: ARÊAS Fernando Zanela da Silva , ARÊAS Guilherme Peixoto Tinoco , MOLL NETO Roberto
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT Giovanni Aldini was an Italian physicist interested in propagating Galvanism. With his uncle, Luigi Galvani, he learned techniques of electrical stimulation in humans and helped him to develop them. He later developed his own ideas and created transcranial electric stimulation. This paper presents some of Aldini's personal and professional traits, showing his trajectory and how his performance was important for the development of non-invasive brain stimulation techniques as a whole. Through research on animals and, later, on cadavers, his fundamental discoveries at the beginning of the treatment proposals are used so far.
Percepção de Morte entre Universitários: Contribuições da Teoria do Gerenciamento do Terror
Authors: Moura Hysla Magalhães de , Nascimento Anderson Mesquita do , Rezende Alessandro Teixeira , Soares Ana Karla Silva , Moizéis Heloísa Bárbara Cunha , Gouveia Valdiney Veloso
Published: November 2020

Resumo A morte é tida como um processo que é influenciado por fatores situacionais, contextuais e culturais, tendo implicações importantes na vida dos indivíduos nos âmbitos comportamental e afetivo. Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar a percepção que estudantes universitários têm da morte, com base na Teoria do Gerenciamento do Terror. Contou-se com a participação de 101 estudantes universitários de duas instituições de ensino superior de João Pessoa, os quais responderam ao teste projetivo de atitudes sobre a vida e perguntas demográficas. A partir da análise de classificação hierárquica descendente (CHD), identificaram-se três classes distintas: 1) Aspectos temporais e cognitivos, 2) Concepções transcendentais da morte e 3) Aspectos emocionais. Os achados do estudo demonstram que, diante de pensamentos sobre a morte, as pessoas tentam se proteger dos temores ocasionados por essas ideias buscando reforçar crenças que visam eternizar sua própria existência. Estes achados reforçam os pressupostos da Teoria do Gerenciamento do Terror, oferecendo evidências da organização dos mecanismos de defesa conscientes e inconscientes diante do medo da morte.
A Questão Social na Psicologia Social: Uma Revisão da Literatura
Authors: Costa Pedro Henrique Antunes da
Published: November 2020

Resumo Este estudo visou analisar como a questão social (QS) comparece nas produções da Psicologia Social (PS) brasileira. Foi conduzida uma revisão narrativa da literatura com buscas não sistemáticas de artigos, livros e produções acadêmicas em geral que abordassem a QS no contexto brasileiro, a partir dos diversos referenciais teóricos da PS brasileira. Foi constatada uma abordagem à QS aquém da sua imanência e relevância na constituição de nossa realidade, tanto quantitativa quanto qualitativamente, atravessada pelos seguintes fatores: uma transversalização da QS, com sua dissolução em problemas sociais supostamente autônomos que, na verdade, são suas variadas manifestações; polissemia do conceito conjugada a diferentes sentidos e formas de abordagem e suas consequências (individualização, subjetivação, responsabilização dos indivíduos etc.); ou até mesmo um desconhecimento de sua existência por grande parte da PS brasileira como conceito analítico que expressa a realidade. Há, portanto, a necessidade de maior incorporação da QS, suas expressões e mediações como objeto de estudo e atuação na/da PS reverberando nas epistemes e nos métodos que visam garantir à PS uma compreensão da realidade na qual se debruça e visa intervir.
Peperomia (Piperaceae) no Leste Metropolitano do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
Authors: Queiroz George Azevedo de , Guimarães Elsie Franklin
Published: November 2020

Resumo Peperomia é o segundo maior gênero de Piperaceae, com 1.600 a 1.700 espécies no mundo. No Brasil são encontradas 173 espécies distribuídas por todo território, das quais 108 são endêmicas. O Leste Metropolitano do estado do Rio de Janeiro é formado pelos municípios de Itaboraí, Maricá, Niterói, Rio Bonito, São Gonçalo e Tanguá. O objetivo do estudo foi inventariar e caracterizar morfologicamente as espécies de Peperomia ocorrentes nesta região. Realizaram-se 35 excursões de campo para coleta de material botânico, assim como consulta aos herbários fluminenses, e ao banco de dados virtual SpeciesLink. Foram registradas 15 espécies com destaque para P. rotundifolia, ainda não registrada nos acervos para o Leste Metropolitano do Rio de Janeiro, sendo aqui citada pela primeira vez na região.
Flora do Rio de Janeiro: Ruppiaceae
Authors: Canalli Yasmin de Mello , Bove Claudia Petean
Published: November 2020

Resumo O presente estudo apresenta a flora de Ruppiaceae no estado do Rio de Janeiro. O trabalho tem por base a análise morfológica de materiais depositados em herbários e coletas de campo, além de dados da literatura. Foi registrada uma espécie: Ruppia maritima. Descrições, ilustrações, dados sobre habitat e distribuição geográfica são apresentados.
Como enfrentar a desinformação científica? Desafios sociais, políticos e jurídicos intensificados no contexto da pandemia
Authors: Oliveira Thaiane
Published: November 2020

A desinformação relacionada à ciência tem sido uma das grandes preocupações atuais e os desafios para enfrentá-la tem se intensificado neste momento em que o mundo atravessa uma pandemia. A proposta deste artigo é problematizar e refletir sobre as formas como a agenda da desinformação tem sido construída, buscando discutir as ameaças ao sistema democrático. Através de revisão de literatura e análise da conjuntura política brasileira, este artigo se desdobra a partir dos seguintes eixos: 1) fatores culturais, políticos e ideológicos que tornam a desinformação um campo fértil para a dúvida e a descrença; 2) as medidas de enfrentamento à desinformação e suas limitações. 3) o processo de descrença institucional propiciada em um cenário político de contestação epistêmica e o papel da mídia nesta atuação; 4) uma agenda de guerra híbrida instaurada no campo político e jurídico, que ameaça o sistema democrático atual em nome de um inimigo indefinido: a desinformação; Por fim, este artigo busca oferecer um panorama amplo sobre os desafios e dificuldades para no campo da comunicação e informação no enfrentamento à desinformação relacionada à ciência em um contexto atual de disputas informacionais, políticas, jurídicas e tecnológicas.
Retrofitting unreinforced masonry by steel fiber reinforced mortar coating: uniaxial and diagonal compression tests
Authors: Lucchini Sara S. , Facconi Luca , Minelli Fausto , Plizzari Giovanni
Published: November 2020

Thin layers of mortar reinforced with steel fibers can be applied on one or both sides of bearing walls as an effective seismic strengthening of existing masonry buildings. To assess the effectiveness of this technique, an experimental study on masonry sub-assemblages was carried out at the University of Brescia. This paper summarizes and discusses the main results of the investigation, which included mechanical characterization tests on masonry and its components as well as on the Steel Fiber Reinforced Mortar (SFRM) used to retrofit the masonry samples. Uniaxial and diagonal compression tests were carried out on both unstrengthened wallets and masonry samples retrofitted with 25 mm thick SFRM coating. Both single-sided and double-sided retrofitting configurations for application on wall surfaces were considered. The results highlighted the ability of the technique to improve the compressive and the shear behavior of masonry, even in case of single-sided strengthening. Moreover, no premature debonding of coating was observed. Lastly, the manuscript presents the results of a numerical investigation that was performed both to simulate the diagonal compression tests described in the first part of the paper and to predict the response of panels with different strengthening configurations.
Investigation of pile penetration in calcareous soft rock using X-ray computed tomography
Authors: Alvarez-Borges Fernando , Ahmed Sharif , Madhusudhan Bangalore Narasimha , Richards David
Published: November 2020

Penetration of open- and closed-ended model piles into intact chalk, a soft calcareous rock, was investigated using microfocus X-ray computed tomography (XCT). Three-dimensional images of the specimens showed that the piles crushed and densified the chalk in their path, creating a crushed chalk annulus around the shaft, a region of compressed destructured chalk below the tip, and fractures across cemented regions of the specimen. Laser-diffraction particle-size analyses of the crushed chalk annulus after exhumation showed limited difference with laboratory-remoulded chalk, which suggested thorough de-cementation. Installation stresses and XCT-derived densities were paired using a simplified cylindrical cavity expansion solution to estimate effective radial stress–void ratio states at the pile tip during penetration. More complex numerical solutions could not be applied using the available data. This approach posed significant problems, as it could not suitably incorporate hardening and non-linear stiffness behaviours of chalk during pile penetration, nor account for the creation of discontinuities. However, effective radial stress–void ratio estimates were found to converge with the reconstituted critical state line of the material at high stresses and low void ratios. This partially supported the use of a critical state framework to characterise pile penetration in chalk, as proposed in recent literature.
DING Protein Inhibits Transcription of HIV-1 Gene through Suppression of Phosphorylation of NF-κB p65
Authors: N Darbinian , A Darbinyan , N Merabova , R Gomberg , E Chabriere , M Simm , ME Selzer , S Amini
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Novel plant DING proteins (full-length 38 kDa p38SJ, and 27 kDa p27SJ) exhibit phosphatase activity and modulate HIV-1 gene transcription. Previously, we demonstrated that DING regulates HIV-1 gene transcription by dephosphorylation and inactivation of CTD RNA polymerase II, the major elongating factor of HIV-1 Long Terminal Repeats (LTR). Because the transcription of HIV-1 is controlled by several viral and cellular factors, including p65/p50 subunits of NF-κB, we hypothesized that DING phosphatase can also affect the phosphorylation and activity of p65 NF-κB, in addition to C-terminal Domain (CTD) of RNA Polymerase II (RNAPII), to suppress HIV-1 gene transcription and inhibit HIV-1 infection.
HIV-1 and HIV-1-Tat Induce Mitochondrial DNA Damage in Human Neurons
Authors: N Darbinian , A Darbinyan , N Merabova , ME Selzer , S Amini
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Mitochondrial dysregulation is a key event in HIV-1 infection. Recent studies have suggested that age-related neurodegenerative disorders are associated with increased mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damage. As accelerated ageing was found in HIV-1 patients, we hypothesized that HIV-1 infection or HIV-1 proteins can lead to mtDNA damage. Unrepaired mtDNA impairs mitochondrial function, which can lead to oxidative stress and cell death. Investigations of mechanisms of mtDNA damage are limited by the lack of available human models.
Use of 910 Polyglactin 910 Meshes in Breast Reconstruction
Authors: IL Mc Lean , J Barber , EB Varela , D Montoya , B Morris , F Costantino , CC Poussif
Published: November 2020

Objective: To assess the outcomes in patients undergoing implant-based immediate breast reconstruction assisted with polyglactin 910 mesh.
Case Report: Segmental Testicular Infarction
Authors: MI Aumeerally
Published: November 2020

Segmental testicular infarction is a rare condition that presents with acute testicular pain. The diagnosis can be clinically challenging and include important differential diagnoses such as testicular torsion, testicular tumour and infection. This case report describes a 27-year-old male presenting to a regional Australian hospital with acute left testicular pain. The diagnosis was made intra-operatively during surgical exploration and on histopathologic assessment after the patient underwent a partial orchidectomy. While segmental testicular infarction is a rare condition, it should be considered in the differential diagnosis for acute testicular pain as awareness may help to avoid unnecessary radical surgery.
Compassionate Use of Opaganib for Patients with Severe COVID-19
Authors: R Kurd , E Ben-Chetrit , H Karameh , M Bar-Meir
Published: November 2020

Opaganib is a Sphingosine-kinase (SK)-2 inhibitor with anti-inflammatory and anti-viral properties. Five severe COVID-19 patients were treated with opaganib on compassionate-use basis. Treatment was well tolerated and associated with faster lymphocyte count increase and improved oxygenation. Opaganib efficacy for COVID-19 should be examined in a clinical trial setting.
Cultural Commons and the Law from the Renaissance to Postmodernity: A Case Study
Authors: Broumas Antonios
Published: November 2020

The fourth chapter of the book narrates the history of culture from the prism of the intellectual commons. It thus shifts the focus of analysis from the enclosures of intellectual property law to the significance of intellectual sharing and collaboration across history. Further developing arguments of legal historians over the evolution of copyright this chapter unfolds the argument that, despite their prominence, in recent historical periods socialised creativity and inventiveness have been framed by copyright laws in a way that has suppressed the social potential of the intellectual commons, instead of accommodating them. This theorisation of the intellectual commons across history examines the evolution of the regulation of cultural commons from the Renaissance to postmodernity. Its aim is to examine in parallel, on the one hand, the importance of the commons for art and culture and, on the other hand, the discrepancy of their treatment under positive law.
Un método simple para aislar licopeno, a partir de Lycopersicon esculentum
Authors: Myong-Kyun Roh , Min-Hee Jeon , Jin-Nam Moon , Woi-Sook Moon , Sun-Mee Park , Jae-Suk Choi
Published: November 2020

El objetivo de este estudio fue desarrollar un método sencillo y eficaz mediante la extracción de un disolvente convencional y precipitación anti-disolvente para el aislamiento de licopeno a partir de Lycopersicon esculentum . Un total de 100 gramos de polvo liofilizado de L. esculentum se pesaron en un tubo de vidrio con un filtro de vidrio en el fondo. El material se extrajo durante una hora con un litro de los disolventes hexano, acetato de etilo y etanol. Los rendimientos de extracción fueron 3.58, 4.39 y 1.25 mg/g, respectivamente, lo que indica que el acetato de etilo fue el más eficiente de los disolventes de extracción estudiados. Todos los carotenoides, excepto licopeno, fueron separados del extracto crudo utilizando un método de salificación anti-disolvente (metanol). El licopeno precipitado y aislado fue de 3.50 mg/g, que es una tasa de recuperación del 77.43%. El método de aislamiento de licopeno desarrollado en este estudio fue más efi caz que los métodos ya disponibles para el aislamiento a gran escala de la preparación de licopeno.
Re-probing Causes in Congenital Nasolacrimal Duct Obstructions
Authors: URFALIOGLU Selma , ÖZDEMİR Gökhan , GÜLER Mete , DUMAN Gamze , EVGİN İsmail , ÇALIŞIR Feyza
Published: November 2020

Objective: It was aimed to show the factors leading to failure of first probing, necessitating second probing application.

Materials and Methods: In this retrospective case series, patients diagnosed with congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction (CNLDO) between January 2010 and December 2019 and treated with a nasolacrimal duct (NLD) probe were included. The files of patients diagnosed with CNLDO and treated with NLD probing between these years at XX University were reviewed. Patients characteristics including sex, age, consultation notes, operation records, re-probing number and existence of systemic disease were recorded.

Results: A total of 110 patients were recruited into the study finally. The mean age of patients was 17.55±5.40 (9-34) months and 46 female (41.8%), 64 male (58.2%). While the ninety three patients (84.5%) showing improvement of symptoms after the first probing considered successful, 17 patients (15.5%) having smilar symptoms regarded failed probing. Grouping patients with age less than ≤18 months or more had similar success rates with regard to probing success (p=0.250). No difference in success rate was found for gender (p=0.953) and laterality (p=0.116). Local diseases (nasal cavity problems, canalicular narrowing, anatomical variation etc.) were detected in 14 patients, who have been planned for secondary probing.

Conclusion: Our study is in congruity with other studies claiming no effect of sex, age or laterality on probing success. If first probing fails, a thorough management plan including also exploration and handling of reasons underlying the first failure should be implemented before second probing.
Transformative Grassroots Leadership: Understanding the Role of Rojiroti’s Women Leaders in Supporting Social Change
Authors: Gordon Rebecca
Published: November 2020

Many have argued that supporting women’s leadership is an important pathway to women’s empowerment. However, there is still a need for better understanding of how women become leaders, particularly at the grassroots level, and how they support social change. This article explores women’s leadership as part of a grassroots microfinance organisation, Rojiroti. Through interviews and focus group discussions, it finds that Rojiroti’s women leaders were motivated to become leaders to create better opportunities for their families and communities, and that they lead in line with frameworks of transformative leadership by supporting relationship building, by facilitating and guiding knowledge transfer and by providing space for reflection and skills for action (Wakefield, 2017). In particular, their situated knowledge was essential for inspiring shared vision for challenging unequal power relations. Overall, better understanding their leadership, that particularly nurtures relationships and collaboration, due to their position as being from the social groups they sought to support, is critical to the current challenges facing interventions and activism that seek to promote women’s empowerment and contribute to social change.
The influence of model iterative reconstruction on the image quality in standard and low-dose computer tomography of the chest. Experimental study
Authors: Silin Антон Yu. , Gruzdev Ivan S. , Morozov Sergey P.
Published: November 2020

Background. One of the ways to reduce the radiation dose in CT is to the image reconstruction algorithms. The latest offer from CT scanner manufacturers is Model Iterative Reconstruction (MIR). Aims: to compare the quality of visualization of the structures of the chest organs and to prove the effectiveness of the low-dose protocol with iterative model reconstruction. Methods. A calibration phantom with a spatial resolution module and an anthropomorphic phantom of the upper body of an adult with nodules in the lungs were scanned using two CT scanners of different manufacturers. Two protocols were applied: the standard dose protocol (SDCT) with the algorithms of hybrid iterative reconstruction (HIR) of images and MIR and a low-dose protocol (LDCT) with the MIRalgorithm. The quality of the obtained images was evaluated by the following parameters: noise (SD), the contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), spatial resolution and visualization of pulmonary nodules. The radiation dose was calculated according to the scanner data, the data of individual dosimeters placed on the anthropomorphic phantom, and using a dosimetric phantom. Results. The average SD was 11.5; 24.4 and 21.6; CNR 85.47; 40.6 and 45.6; spatial resolution 2 mm; 2 mm and 3 mm for SDCT with MIR, SDCT with HIR and LDCT with MIR respectively. Visualization of the pulmonary lesions remained excellent in all cases. The radiation dose in case of SDCT was 2.7, and in case of LDCT 0.67 mSv. The dose reduction was confirmed by the dosimeter data. Similar results were obtained by repeating the experiment with a second scanner. Conclusions. The model iterative reconstruction application will allow reducing the irradiatin dose during CT scanning of the chest organs without deterioration of the visualization quality.
Seismic Site Condition of Mainland China from Geology
Authors: Chen Guihua , Magistrale Harold , Rong Yufang , Cheng Jia , Ahmet Binselam Sait , Xu Xiwei
Published: November 2020

We use geology as a proxy to produce a site condition map of mainland China for seismic hazard assessment. The geology is from a 1:1,000,000-scale digital database and a 1:2,500,000-scale Quaternary map. We use the lithological descriptions and ages to assign the site condition for each geologic unit. Published site condition data are used to evaluate our mapping results. Our results agree well for the strong-motion stations in Gansu–Sichuan area, except in the mountainous area. There, the mismatches are due to our geological map scales missing narrow river terrace deposits. Our results also match well in the Shandong and Beijing Plain areas, except in thin fluvial and alluvial deposits fringing bedrock mountains. Our site-response categories match well-published average VS–depth profiles from microzonation studies of 14 major urban areas.
A Critical Assessment of Canadian Earthquake Monitoring and Alerting Practice versus the Initial Challenges of the 2020 COVID-19 Experience
Authors: McCormack David A. , Bent Allison L. , Van Brabant Reid , McKee Lorne
Published: November 2020

We describe the regular pre-COVID mode of operations for the Canadian National Seismograph Network and the associated monitoring, alerting, and analysis for earthquakes in Canada; we describe how the current operational posture evolved and discuss the ways in which the posture was and was not suitable to respond to the challenges and constraints of the COVID-19 situation in Canada. We find that many of the design and operation decisions that have been taken over the last several decades for earthquake monitoring in Canada, collectively driven largely by considerations of resilience and cost-effectiveness and further refined after the experience of the H1N1 pandemic, resulted in a system that continued to function effectively under lockdown conditions. There were many earthquakes in Canada that required seismologist response during the lockdown, all of which were handled remotely without issue. Specific challenges and lessons learned from the first few months of the pandemic are noted.
Запрос на перемены: политико-ценностное измерение
Authors: Петухов Роман
Published: November 2020

Потрясения начала 2020 г. выявили многие противоречия, накопившиеся в российском обществе за последние годы. Одной из линий, по которым проходит размежевание в обществе, является разное отношение представителей различных социальных групп к многолетнему курсу действующей власти на поддержание стабильности, понимаемой как сохранение существующей политико-экономической системы и действующих в ней правил игры. Согласно данным мониторинговых исследований Института социологии Федерального научно-исследовательского центра РАН, российское общество разделилось на две примерно равные части, одна из которых желает перемен, считая, что без глубоких экономических и социальных реформ страна будет стагнировать, а другая хочет сохранения стабильности, полагая, что не следует спешить с преобразованиями. Причины формирования и содержание общественного запроса на перемены уже анализировались рабочей группой исследовательского проекта “Социальная трансформация российского общества: акторы запроса на перемены”, поэтому автор настоящей статьи фокусируется на выявлении причин, влияющих на субъективный выбор в пользу перемен или стабильности. Проведенный анализ позволил прийти к выводу, что в основе соответствующего выбора лежат не столько социальные, сколько политические различия между сторонниками перемен и стабильности, которые проявляются прежде всего в осознании многими россиянами иллюзорности границы между частным и публичным в условиях современной России. В статье с опорой на данные опросов общественного мнения иллюстрируется связь между увеличением числа “самодостаточных россиян”, стремящихся к активной самореализации и не рассчитывающих на помощь государства, и формированием запроса на перемены. Исследование показало, что сочетание этой установки с перспективным видением будущего становится ключевым фактором возникновения желания перемен. Игнорирование властями обращенного к ним запроса на перемены формирует особую идентичность, способную трансформировать чувство ресентимента в коллективное действие по отстаиванию своего видения будущего.
Власть и политика. Полемические заметки о “проклятых вопросах” политической науки
Authors: Соловьев Александр
Published: November 2020

В статье предпринята попытка полемически оспорить основные методологические подходы к вопросам спецификации политики и власти, разрабатываемые и продвигаемые авторским коллективом монографии “Господство против политики: российский случай. Эффективность институциональной структуры и потенциал стратегий политических изменений” (М.: Политическая энциклопедия, 2019). Оценка данной работы в целом позитивна. Вместе с тем авторы монографии используют в качестве когнитивного основания для характеристики современного пространства политики и власти аристотелевско-арендтовскую парадигму, несущую в себе зримые признаки исторической и теоретической усталости. В рамках полемики с авторами монографии в статье отмечается, что колонизация неформальными сетями правящей элиты официальных структур и институтов власти в современном государстве все чаще ограничивает инструментарий публичной политики при принятии государственных решений. Высказываются предположения об основных тенденциях эволюции взаимоотношений элитарных и неэлитарных слоев в современном государстве и о дальнейшем сужении социального пространства для “политики граждан”.
Парадоксы вертикали власти: ретроспекция, воображение, травмы
Authors: Белоусов Александр
Published: November 2020

Статья посвящена вертикали власти как модели взаимоотношений между федеральным центром и губернаторами, рассматриваемой в двухтомнике Виталия Иванова “Глава субъекта Российской Федерации. История губернаторов”. Для Виталия Иванова вертикальный формат взаимоотношений федеральной власти с губернаторами – единственный из возможных, а любое отклонение ведет к ослаблению федеральной власти и в конечном счете грозит распадом страны. Однако анализ излагаемой им концепции вскрывает ряд серьезных внутренних противоречий, таких как ретроспективное объяснение устройства власти в СССР с позиций выстроенной вертикали, увлечение воображаемыми рисками и наличие государственных травм, специфический способ распределения унижений и наказаний как неотъемлемая черта вертикали власти.
CURRENT-VOLTAGE CHARACTERISTIC OF JOSEPHSON JUNCTION WITH FRACTIONAL TERM IN CURRENT-PHASE RELATION
Authors: ASKERZADE İman
Published: November 2020

In this study, we carried out the analysis of the influence of unconventional current-phase relation of Josephson junction with additional fractional term sin\phi/2 to first harmonic sin\phion current-voltage characteristics. The current-voltage characteristic of the junction was calculated for the different amplitudes of fractional term m and McCumber parameter . It was shown increasing the amplitude of fractional terms leads to increasing in the hysretesis on the current-voltage characteristics.
Whole Genome Sequencing Progress in Medical Application
Authors: Wagner Marico , Benjamin Daphne
Published: November 2020

At present, there are still a lot of diseases pathogenesis not clear, but making use of a new generation of sequencing technology to organisms conduct whole genome sequencing, which for the pathogenesis of many diseases provide a new theoretical basis. So, Which aspects the whole genome sequencing in medical use? In this article, I got through reading the whole genome sequencing of research papers about abroad nearly five years finding that the whole genome sequencing could be widely used in genetic disease, tumor, infectious diseases, infectious epidemic, judge the individual susceptibility to disease, the diagnosis and treatment of a variety of diseases such as biological evolution. This paper reviewed the whole genome sequencing progress in medical application from a genetic disease, tumor, infectious diseases, infectious epidemic, determine the individual susceptibility and biological evolution.
İngiliz Okulu’nun Uluslararası İlişkilerdeki Kuramsal Konumu: Marksist Bir Eleştirel Okuma
Authors: ÖZKAN Guner , ŞİMŞEK ÖZKAN Elif
Published: November 2020

Ana-akım Uluslararası İlişkiler Kuramları’nın iki ucu arasında bir orta yol vadeden İngiliz Okulu, “uluslararası toplum” kavramını, kuramsal tartışmalara taşıyarak, Uluslararası İlişkiler’e bir içebakış sağlamayı hedeflemektedir. İngiliz Okulu’nun bu vaadi, kendisini orta yol olarak tanımlamasına bağlı olarak, Ana-akım Uluslararası İlişkiler’in eleştirilerini sınırlamaktadır. Çalışmanın temel argümanı İngiliz Okulu’na yönelik eleştirilerin anılan sınırlarının Marksist bir okuma yöntemiyle aşılabileceği iddiasında bulunmaktadır. Bu iddia doğrultusunda çalışma; iktisadi, sosyolojik ve felsefi bir kuram olmanın yanında bir eleştirel okuma yöntemi olarak Marksizm’in; bilginin kim tarafından ve ne için üretildiği, hangi amaçlara hizmet ettiği üzerine soruları çerçevesinde İngiliz Okulu’nun özgün argümanlarını ve Uluslararası İlişkiler’deki kuramsal konumunu eleştirel biçimde sorgulamayı amaçlamaktadır.
Sexual satisfaction in pregnancy: a cross section study in Japan
Authors: Iba Yunhee , Onozuka Ya-Ping
Published: November 2020

Sexuality is one of the most important quality of life issues for both men and women. Sexual dysfunction is a highly prevalent women's sexual response is characterized as highly variable and influenced by a wide range of determinants, including physiologic, psychosocial, and contextual factors. The aim of this study was to assess the sexual satisfaction in pregnant women. This was a cross-sectional study involving 685 Japanese pregnant women aging between17-43 years, who were recruited from January 01, 2012 – January 01, 2014 at the antenatal clinic of Jichi Medical University Hospital. The Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) questionnaire was used to assess sexual function. Overall, 284/685, 41.45% of the 685 pregnant women were at risk for sexual dysfunction symptoms (FSFI scores ≤26); this rate was significantly higher among pregnant women in 3rd trimester (187/254, 73%; P<0.05). Furthermore, our present study showed that the 3rd trimester of pregnancy had lower mean scores in sexual satisfaction, desire, lubrication, orgasm, arousal and dyspareunia than 1st and 2nd trimester. According to these results, pregnant women in the third trimester of pregnancy have lower female sexual function scores than 2nd and 1st trimester of pregnancy.
EXPERIMENTAL AND NUMERICAL INVESTIGATIONS OF SOLAR FLUX DENSITY DISTRIBUTION OVER FLAT PLATE RECEIVER OF MODEL HELIOSTAT SYSTEM
Authors: GADHE Prakash , SAPALİ Shivalingappa , KULKARNİ Govind
Published: November 2020

The flux density distribution and the temperature of the receiver are important parameters to assess the net thermal energy of any Solar Power Concentrator. In the present work, a heliostat field utilizing ganged type of heliostats for process heating application has been designed. A prototype model of the central receiver system consisting of ganged heliostats has been constructed and installed at Pune, Maharashtra, India. A thermocouple method was used to evaluate the total energy focused by the model heliostat system on a flat receiver. The flux density distribution was validated with the ray tracing simulation software ‘SolTrace’. The simulated flux density distribution was found to be in agreement with the measured one for a surface normal error of 10 milliradian. A heliostat field having 100 m2 total mirror area was designed in the north south cornfield layout. This heliostat field was simulated in ‘SolTrace’ software by considering the surface normal errors as 10 milliradian and the total energy gain was estimated. For the purpose of simulation to investigate the solar flux falling on the receiver, four days of the year were selected. It includes the March equinox, summer solstice, September equinox, and winter solstice.