bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IBN KHALDUN’S CYCLICAL THEORY ON THE RISE AND FALL OF SOVEREIGN POWERS: THE CASE OF OTTOMAN EMPIRE
Authors: ÖNDER Murat , ULAŞAN Fatih
Published: December 2018

Ibn Khaldun, who is known as one of the 14th century leading theorists in Islamic political thought, has highly influenced the scholars with his thoughts on economics, history, sociology and philosophy. Due to his opinions and findings, Stowasser regarded him as a father of social sciences. One of his most impressive ideas is the cyclical theory which defines the rise and fall of sovereign powers (dynasties, empires, civilizations, states). The cyclical theory assumes that sovereign powers are like living organisms, they are born, grow up, mature, and die. To explain this pattern, Ibn Khaldun uses his umran and asabiyya concepts. Umran and asabiyya are the glue of the cyclical theory which explains the birth and death of sovereign powers. There are other cyclical theories focused on the rise and fall of sovereign power used by Arnold Toynbee, Oswald Spengler, Giambattista Vico and Sima Qian. These four theories will be compared to Ibn Khaldun’s cyclical theory with similarities and differences. Also, in the light of Ibn Khaldun’s cyclical theory, the reasons why and how Ottomans could survive, unlike a lot of strong dynasties in Anatolia, conquered and replaced states and empires as a simple beylik (principality), rose as an empire and later collapsed have been analyzed.
Utjecaj količine dušika i sumpora u prihranjivanju na prinos i sastavnice prinosa uljane repice
Authors: Spitek Josip , Pospišil Milan
Published: December 2018

Cilj istraživanja bio je utvrditi utjecaj količine dušika i sumpora primijenjenih u dvije prihrane na prinos i sastavnice prinosa uljane repice u agroekološkim uvjetima Podravine. Istraživanje je provedeno na lesiviranom tlu tipičnom na pijesku na lokaciji Dinjevac tijekom 2015./2016. godine. U istraživanje su bile uključene tri varijante prihrane: 1) Kontrola - 70 kg/ha N (KAN), 2) PETROKEMIJas - 66 kg/ha N i 84 kg/ha S i 3) Prihrana prema rezultatima analize tla - 105 kg/ha N (KAN). Primjenom 105 kg/ha N u obliku KAN-a u prihrani signifikantno je povećan prinos sjemena za 0,68 t/ha i prinos ulja za 0,21 t/ha u odnosu na prihranu sa 70 kg/ha N (KAN). Istraživana količina sumpora (84 kg/ha) uz 66 kg/ha dušika (PETROKEMIJas) nije značajno utjecala na prinos sjemena i ulja. Primjenom 105 kg/ha N (KAN) te 66 kg/ha N uz 84 kg/ha S (PETROKEMIJas) značajno je povećana visina biljke, broj plodnih grana po biljci i broj komuški po biljci u odnosu na kontrolu (70 kg/ha N). Istraživane količine dušika i sumpora u prihrani nisu imale statistički značajan utjecaj na udio ulja, dužinu komuške, broj sjemenki u komuški i masu 1000 sjemenki.
Pjegavost lista šećerne repe
Authors: Lončar Dora , Ilić Jelena
Published: December 2018

Pjegavost lista šećerne repe je uzročnik najvećih gubitaka prilikom proizvodnje šećerne repe. Kako se javlja svake godine proizvođačima se za njeno suzbijanje preporučuju preventivne mjere kako bi se maksimalno smanjio intenzitet bolesti. Uz te mjere vrše se i obavezna tretiranja fungicidima. Uspješnost borbe protiv ove bolesti ovisi prije svega o vremenskim uvjetima, osjetljivosti sorte šećerne repe te o količini zaostalog inokuluma patogene gljive u polju.
Akumulacija kadmija i žive u jestivim saprotrofnim i ektomikoriznim gljivama
Authors: Širić Ivan , Mihaljević Marko , Grgić Ivo , Kos Ivica
Published: December 2018

Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je utvrditi koncentraciju kadmija i žive u 10 vrsta jestivih gljiva i supstratu tla sa područja Žumberka te prikladnost gljiva kao bioakumulatora navedenih elemenata. Analitički postupak određivanja koncentracija teških metala proveden je metodom induktivno spregnute plazme optičkom emisijom spektrometrije (ICP-OES; Optima 8000, Perkin Elemer, SAD) sa ugrađenim uređajem za automatsko uzorkovanje. Najviša prosječna koncentracija kadmija od 1,83 mg kg-1 ustanovljena je u vrsti Agaricus campestris, dok je najviša vrijednost žive utvrđena u vrsti Boletus aestivalis (1,32 mg kg-1). Koncentracija kadmija i žive utvrđena u anatomskim djelovima istraživanih vrsta gljiva bila je različita, pri čemu je značajno veća (p < 0,05) koncentracija navedenih metala utvrđena u klobuku u odnosu na stručak. Biokoncentracijski faktor za kadmij i živu u analiziranim gljiva bio je veći od 1. Istraživane saprotrofne vrste gljiva akumulirale su veće koncentracije ispitivanih metala u odnosu na simbiontske, izuzev vrsta roda Boletus, koje su se pokazale najbolji akumulacijski potencijal prema živi. Usporedbom koncentracija kadmija i žive u gljivama i propisanim zakonskim odredbama, može se zaključiti da konzumacija istih ne predstavlja negativan učinak na zdravlje ljudi.
Can Psychopathic Traits be Adaptive?
Authors: Međedović Janko , Wertag Anja , Sokić Katarina
Published: December 2018

One of the most prominent models of psychopathy operationalizes this construct as consisting of four factors: interpersonal, affective, lifestyle and antisocial traits. These traits show different relationship patterns with other constructs, and these relations may differ in men and women. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the relations between psychopathic traits and indicators of emotional distress (depression, anxiety and stress), differ between men and women. Data was collected on 650 students (60% women) at the University of Zagreb. The results of Canonical Correlation Analysis indicated that affective psychopathic traits have adaptive potential and represent a protective factor for experiencing emotional distress, while Lifestyle and Antisocial behavior represent risk factors for emotional distress. Moreover, sex had a moderating role in the relationship between Interpersonal and Lifestyle traits and distress, indicating that psychopathic traits seem to be more adaptive in males, compared to females.
Odnos
otvorenosti prema iskustvu i uspješnog starenja
Authors: Tucak Junaković Ivana , Ambrosi-Randić Neala , Nekić Marina
Published: December 2018

Cilj je ovoga istraživanja bio ispitati povezanost otvorenosti prema iskustvu i uspješnog starenja, te provjeriti moguću posredujuću ulogu životnih žaljenja zbog propuštenih prilika i pogrešnih akcija u tom odnosu. Povećanje udjela starijih osoba u populaciji potaknulo je usmjeravanje istraživačkog interesa na čimbenike koji doprinose dugovječnosti i kvaliteti života u starijoj dobi, a u tom kontekstu raste broj istraživanja koja se bave konceptom uspješnog ili dobrog starenja. Uspješno starenje vrlo je složen konstrukt te još nema konsenzusa u pogledu komponenti koje uključuje i načina njegova mjerenja. Otvorenost prema iskustvu odnosi se na dimenziju ličnosti koja uključuje osjećaj za estetiku, znatiželju, kreativnost i nekonvencionalnost te je za nju kao takvu pretpostavljeno da doprinosi uspješnom starenju. U istraživanju je sudjelovalo 479 osoba u dobi od 60 do 95 godina iz različitih dijelova Hrvatske. Uspješno starenje operacionalizirano je na dva načina: pomoću Skale samoprocjene uspješnog starenja i pomoću kompozitne mjere uspješnog starenja temeljene na komponentama modela Choa, Martina i Poona (2012), a to su subjektivni zdravstveni status, percepcija financijskog stanja i subjektivna dobrobit. Otvorenost je ispitana hrvatskom verzijom (Babarović i Šverko, 2013) supskale otvorenosti prema iskustvu iz upitnika HEXACO-PI-(R) (Ashton i Lee, 2008, 2009), dok su životna žaljenja zbog akcija i zbog propuštenih prilika ispitana svaka s po jednim pitanjem. Rezultati su pokazali da je otvorenost prema iskustvu umjereno visoko povezana s obje primijenjene mjere uspješnog starenja, dok su žaljenja zbog akcija i propuštenih prilika značajno negativno korelirala s mjerama uspješnog starenja. Rezultati provjere posredujuće uloge životnih žaljenja u odnosu između otvorenosti prema iskustvu i uspješnog starenja pokazali su da životna žaljenja zbog pogrešnih akcija nisu medijator u ovom odnosu, dok su se žaljenja zbog propuštenih prilika pokazala značajnim, ali djelomičnim medijatorom. Istraživanje upućuje na važnost koju otvorenost prema iskustvu te manji intenzitet životnih žaljenja mogu imati za starije osobe, olakšavajući im prilagodbu na promjene povezane s procesom starenja.
USING OF COMPUTER PROGRAMM «BD-PLANT-KZ» FOR CADASTRAL REGISTRATION OF PLANTS OF THE NATURAL FLORA OF KAZAKHSTAN
Authors: A. A. Imanbayeva  , I. F. Belozerov  , M. Yu. Ishmuratova
Published: December 2018

The description of the computer “BD-PLANT-KZ” program, intended for input and storage in memory of the computer of various botanical information on plants of natural flora of Kazakhstan is provided. 11 points of the program are a part of the Main menu: "File", "Editing", "Input", "Search", "Viewing", "Lists", "Herbarium", "Communities", "Databases", "Service" and "Reference". The program allows carrying out quick search of data, printing, exporting to various formats, drawing up reports and lists in the set taxonomical, bioecological, decorative and other parameters. “BD-PLANT-KZ” has undergone successful approbation in two botanical gardens of Kazakhstan (Altai and Mangyshlak). Now floristic the database of the program includes information on natural flora for 882 taxons from 4 departments, 6 classes, 12 subclasses, 26 suborders, 59 orders, 10 suborders, 80 families and 300 gena. Approbation of the program has allowed making the summary characteristic of natural flora of the Western Kazakhstan on the example of the Mangystau, Atyrau, Aktyubinsk and West-Kazakhstany regions. Lists of taxons are determined by geographical points and floristic areas, geographical novelties are revealed.
Nonexistence of global solutions to system of semi-linear fractional evolution equations
Authors: Djilali Medjahed , HAKEM Ali
Published: December 2018

In this research we are interested to Cauchy problem for system of semi-linear fractional evolution equations. Some authors were concerned with studying of global existence of solutions for the hyperbolic nonlinear equations with a damping term. Our goal is to extend some results obtained by the authors, by studying the system of semi-linear hyperbolic equations with fractional damping term and fractional Laplacian .Thanks to the test functions method, we prove the nonexistence of nontrivial global weak solutions to the problem.
Sasakian Statistical Manifolds with Semi-Symmetric Metric Connection
Authors: KAZAN Ahmet , KAZAN Sema
Published: December 2018

In the present paper, firstly we express the relation between the semi-symmetric metric connection $\tilde{\nabla}$ and the torsion-free connection $\nabla$ and obtain the relation between the curvature tensors $\tilde{R}$ of $\tilde{\nabla}$ and $R$ of $\nabla$. After, we obtain these relations for $\tilde{\nabla}$ and the dual connection $\nabla^{\ast}.$ Also, we give the relations between the curvature tensor $\tilde{R}$ of semi-symmetric metric connection $\tilde{\nabla}$ and the curvature tensors $R$ and $R^{\ast}$ of the connections $\nabla$ and $\nabla^{\ast}$ on Sasakian statistical manifolds, respectively. We obtain the relations between the Ricci tensor (and scalar curvature) of semi-symmetric metric connection $\tilde{\nabla}$ and the Ricci tensors (and scalar curvatures) of the connections $\nabla$ and $\nabla^{\ast}.$ Finally, we construct an example of a 3-dimensional Sasakian manifold with statistical structure admitting the semi-symmetric metric connection in order to verify our results.
Proposal of a permanent magnet synchronous machine with asymmetrical rotor
Authors: Ishikawa Takeo , Watanabe Taiki , Suzuki Yuichiro
Published: December 2018

The authors designed a rotor structure of permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) to develop a large output power by the proposed topology optimization method. As the obtained magnet shape is complex and less practical, this paper proposes a rotor topology of PMSM considering ease of manufacturing. Finite element simulation confirms that the average output power of the designed machine is higher than that of a generator used in Prius under the condition of the same stator, the same weight of rotor and the same permanent magnet volume.
Rheology of Yanang solution: Effect of temperature, pH and divalent cation
Authors: Vu Vi Ngoc Ha , Nguyen Viet Bao , Vu Long Tien
Published: December 2018

The main objective of this work was to study rheological properties of Yanang (Tiliacora triandra) solution; a kind of food that derived from plants is being widely used in many countries in South East Asia and East Asia. Experiments were conducted to evaluate the impact of temperature on the viscosity and then build rheological curves of products. The results showed that viscosity of Yanang solutions changes with temperature in the shear - thinning models. These solutions formed gel at low temperature and gel strength can be improved by adjusting pH and adding Ca2+ due to the presence of uronic axit residues on the backbone of Yanang gums.
Application of the spatial division multiplexing technique in cooperative mimo systems
Authors: Vo Thanh Khac , Bui Phu Huu , Tran Hung Cong
Published: December 2018

Cooperative MIMO is a combination technique between the single antenna cooperation communications and multiple-input multiple-output systems to achieve the advantages of traditional MIMO. In this paper, we focus on model that combines the spatial multiplexing technique and the cooperative communications, with relay nodes using decode and forward technique where source node and the relay nodes have only one antenna, destination node has multiple antennas; and relay nodes use amplify and forward technique to reduce power consumption and suitable for compact devices; and destination node uses zero forcing (ZF) algorithm. Finally, we show our simulation results in applying the spatial division multiplexing technique in cooperative mimo systems.
地震映像法与瞬态面波法在隧底岩溶探测中的综合应用
Authors: 杜 伟 , 罗 威
Published: December 2018

本文介绍了综合运用地震映像法与瞬态面波法对隧道底部隐伏岩溶探测的工作方法与主要技术,分别论述了地震映像法、瞬态面波法的基本原理和数据处理流程,以及这两种方法勘探效果的互补性。通过对实际隧道进行综合应用的实例以及昀终钻孔验证,说明了地震映像法与瞬态面波法对隧道底部隐伏岩溶探测的有效性。
Yönetim Kurulu ve Sahiplik Yapısının Finansal Performans Üzerindeki Etkisi: BIST İmalat Sanayi Sektöründe Bir Alan Araştırması
Authors: Kılıç Meltem , Ayrıçay Yücel
Published: December 2018

Yönetim kurulu ve
sahiplik yapısı ile finansal performans arasındaki ilişki, finans literatüründe
önemli bir araştırma konusu olmuş ve dikkatle incelenmiştir. Bu çalışmada, BIST İmalat Sanayi Sektöründe yer alan
firmaların yönetim kurulu ve sahiplik yapılarının finansal performans
üzerindeki etkisini ölçmek amaçlanmıştır. Analizlerde, BIST İmalat Sanayi
Sektörü’nde faaliyet gösteren 78 aile firmasının 2003-2014 yılları arasındaki
yıllık verilerinden yararlanılmıştır. Çalışmada panel veri analizi kullanılmıştır.
Regresyon modellerinde bağımlı değişken olarak firmaların aktif karlılığı,
özsermaye karlılığı, satışların karlılığı, Tobin-Q ve piyasa değeri logaritması;
bağımsız değişken olarak en büyük pay sahibinin pay oranı, halka açıklık oranı,
yönetim kurulu büyüklüğü ve CEO ikiliği kullanılmıştır. Ayrıca, çalışmada
modelin anlamlılığını ve güvenirliliğini artırmak için kaldıraç oranı ve
satışların logaritması kontrol değişkenlerine yer verilmiştir. Analiz
sonuçlarında genel olarak, yönetim kurulu ve sahiplik yapısı ile finansal
performans arasında ilişki olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Kadın İşgörenlerin Karşılaştığı Sorunların Örgütsel Sessizlikleri Üzerindeki Etkisi: Bodrum’daki Otel İşletmelerinde Bir Araştırma
Authors: GÜÇER Evren , KELEŞ Yasin , DEMİRDAĞ Şerif Ahmet , ÇELİKKANAT Nazik
Published: December 2018

Çalışma
hayatındaki kadın işgörenler zorlu çalışma koşullarının yanı sıra sırf kadın
olmaktan kaynaklanan birçok sorunla da karşılaşabilmektedir. Bu çalışmanın
amacı, kadın işgörenlerin karşılaştığı sorunların analiz edilmesi ve
karşılaştıkları bu sorunların örgütsel sessizlikleri üzerindeki etkisinin
belirlenmesidir. Çalışmada veri toplama yöntemi olarak anket tekniğinden
yararlanılmış ve Bodrum’daki 3-4-5 yıldızlı otel işletmelerinde çalışan toplam
429 kadın işgören üzerinde uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre, kadın
işgörenlerin işleriyle ilgili karşılaştığı sorunların başında “aldıkları
ücretin yetersiz olması”, “karşılaştıkları farklı sorunların ruh hallerini
olumsuz etkilediğini düşünmeleri” ve “zaman zaman kapasitelerinin üstünde iş
yapmak zorunda kaldıkları” gelmektedir. Otel işletmelerinde çalışan kadın
işgörenler örgütsel sessizlikle ilgili olarak iş ortamı boyutunda “duygu ve
düşüncelerini dile getirmelerinin yüksek düzeyde örgütsel öğrenme ve gelişmeyi
destekleyeceğine” inanmaktadır. Bunun yanında, örgütsel sessizliğin duygu boyutuyla
ilgili olarak “belirli konular hakkında konuşmaktan kaçındıklarını”
belirtmişlerdir. Yapılan korelasyon analizi sonucunda karşılaşılan sorunlar ve
örgütsel sessizlik arasında çok kuvvetli ve pozitif yönlü; karşılaşılan
sorunların psikolojik boyutu, fiziksel boyutu ve kişisel boyutu ile örgütsel
sessizlik arasında ise kuvvetli ve pozitif yönlü anlamlı ilişkiler olduğu
tespit edilmiştir.
Determination of Customer Requirements for Thermal Accommodation Facility Designs
Authors: KÜRÜM VAROLGÜNEŞ Fatma , CANAN Fatih
Published: December 2018

This
study aims to determine the customer requirements for the quality improvement of
thermal spa designs in rural Cappadocia. It is necessary for thermal spas (TSs)
to be designed carefully to ensure the provision of a healthy service.
Evaluating the expectations and the level of satisfaction of the customers of
existing facilities and integrating them into the design of new facilities will
improve the quality, both of the facility and the provided services.
Determination of customer requirements (CRs) and adapting them to the design of
facilities, offer a clear indication of the important contributions
architecture can bring to the tourism industry. The sustainable development of
tourism demands the transfer of knowledge and experience to the tourism industry
from many different disciplines related to tourism. Revealing the tourism
potential of rural regions will contribute greatly to the national economy. The
aim in the present study is to investigate a sample area in the rural region of
Cappadocia with the aim of contributing to literature.
Okullarımızda Yazım Eğitimi ve Sorunlarımız Üzerine
Authors: DEMİR Celal
Published: December 2018

Özet

Yazım,
bir dilin belli kurallarla yazıya geçirilmesi, imla anlamına gelmektedir. Yazım
terimi Türkçe Sözlük’te hem
kelimelerin yazılışını hem de noktalama işaretlerinin kullanımını ifade
etmektedir. İletişimin sağlıklı bir şekilde gerçekleşebilmesi, duygu ve
düşüncelerin eksiksiz ve doğru aktarılması ve yazıda birliğin sağlanabilmesi
için her yazı dilinde bu tür kurallar bulunmaktadır.

Yazım
eğitimi; eğitim kurumlarında, sözcüklerin doğru yazılışlarını öğretmek, doğru
yazım yoluyla sözcükleri doğru söylemeye alıştırmak, karşılaştığı yeni sözcüğü
ses ve harfleriyle tanımaya alıştırmak, doğru yazma sorumluluğu ve bilinci
kazandırmak amacıyla verilmektedir. Kendini amaca yönelik olarak ifade etme
şekli olan yazılı anlatım, pek çok alanda sıklıkla karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Yazım
bilgisine sahip olmayan bireylerin yazılarının başarılı ve anlaşılır olmasını
beklemek mümkün değildir. Yazım eğitimi alanı öğrencilerin düşünme becerilerini
geliştiren, akademik başarılarına etki eden bir alandır. Bununla birlikte yazım
eğitimi, öğrencinin ana diline hâkim olmasını sağlar ve Türkçeyi yazım
kurallarına uygun olarak bilinçli, doğru ve özenli olarak kullanmasına teşvik
eder.

Ancak
yazım eğitimi alanının öğretimi konusunda çeşitli sorunlar bulunmaktadır. Bu
sorunların başında, yazım eğitimi konusunun öğretim programlarında başlı başına
bir ders olarak ele alınmaması; yazma, dilbilgisi kısmen de olsa okuma
becerilerinin altında kendisine yer bulması gelmektedir. Ayrıca Türkçe öğretim
programları incelendiği zaman bu alanla ilgili ciddi bir çalışmanın
yapılmadığı, yazım bilgisi konusuna yönelik amaç ve kazanımların hangi
sınıflarda ne şekilde uygulanacağı detaylı bir şekilde anlatılmamıştır. Bununla
birlikte belirli kademelerde öğretilmesinin gerekli olduğu kazanımların öğretim
programlarında yer almadığı, uygulamaların öğretim programı değiştikçe
değişiklik gösterdiği görülür. Yazım eğitimi alanındaki başarı iyi analiz
edilmiş yöntem ve uygulamalardan geçmektedir.

Bu
çalışmamızda temel eğitimden orta öğretimin sonuna kadar yaşadığımız sorunlar
ele alınmış ve bu sorunlara çözüm önerileri getirilmiştir.
Morte Súbita em Epilepsia - O que é preciso saber?
Authors: Netto Zanette Fernando , Loureiro Fialho Guilherme , Lin Katia
Published: December 2018

Introdução: A Morte Súbita Inesperada na Epilepsia - Sudden Unexpected Death in Epilepsy (SUDEP) - define-se como morte em pacientes com epilepsia (PCE), associada ou não a convulsão, de forma súbita, inesperada, presenciada ou não, excluindo-se causas traumáticas, afogamento e estado de mal epiléptico, onde a necropsia não revele origem toxicológica ou anatômica do óbito.Objetivo: Apresentar uma revisão narrativa, não-sistemática, das informações mais importantes e recentes sobre SUDEP, destacando definição, fatores de risco, diagnóstico e medidas preventivas com o intuito de auxiliar médicos na orientação e identificação desses pacientes em risco.Metodologia: Foi realizada extensa revisão em bases de dados eletrônicos com pesquisa em Cochrane, PubMed/Medline, BMJ e Scielo, tendo como critério de inclusão artigos de grande relevância, publicados em português ou inglês.Resultados/Discussão: A SUDEP pode afetar indivíduos de todas as idades, sendo mais prevalente em adultos jovens (20-45 anos). A presença e severidade de crises tônico-clônico generalizadas (CTCGs) são os fatores de risco mais relevantes. Sua fisiopatologia envolve modificações autonômicas progressivas com deterioração do sistema cardiorrespiratório. A medida preventiva mais incentivada é o adequado controle das crises epilépticas.Conclusão: Muitos PCE nunca ouviram falar na SUDEP, o que se deve, diversas vezes, ao receio ou dificuldade de médicos em mencioná-la aos indivíduos que não estão sob alto risco do evento. O médico tem papel fundamental na educação desses pacientes, para garantir a informação sobre a epilepsia e tentar minimizar os fatores de risco associados à SUDEP e, consequentemente, seus efeitos deletérios na vida desses indivíduos.
Print quality of flexographic printed paperboard related to coating composition and structure
Authors: Bohlin E. , Johansson C.
Published: December 2018

Ink transfer and setting influence the achievable print quality and visual appearance. The pressure in the printing nip and the porosity of the substrate regulate the amount of ink that penetrates into a porous coating structure. The purpose of this study was to understand how print quality aspects could be related to ink penetration of water-based flexographic ink into coatings of differently engineered structures: calcium carbonate (GCC) of various particle size distribution (PSD), coatings with different amounts of latex binder, and coatings with various blends of GCC and kaolin. Calcium carbonate with broad pigment PSD resulted in a lower print density compared to coatings of narrowly distributed particle sizes. Coatings of larger pore volume and greater dominating pore radius showed a higher amount of z-directional ink penetration. A high ratio of uncovered areas (UCA) could be detected for samples with high amount of latex. However, increased printing force eliminated these artefacts. Increased printing force increased the print density to a higher degree than did a reduced ink viscosity for coatings with pure GCC. For coating layers containing both GCC and kaolin clay, decreased ink viscosity had a stronger impact on the print density than increased printing force. Print density was also affected by ink penetration, suggesting that the optical response is sensitive to the ink-substrate interaction layer. The result presented in this work also suggests that the print gloss decreases with increased amount of penetrated ink due to a higher rate of ink vehicle removal.
Joao Jose Reis, Flavio Dos Santos Gomes y Marcus J. M. de Carvalho, El alufá Rufino: tráfico, esclavitud, y libertad en el atlántico negro (1822-c.1853)
Authors: Salas Olivera Kenneth
Published: December 2018

La microhistoria sin duda alguna ha sido uno de los mejores aportes que se le ha hecho a la disciplina de la Historia en el siglo pasado. Esto sin duda alguna es gra-cias a la innovación que se da en Europa, específicamente en Italia, en la metodolo-gía a la hora de hacer, escribir y reconstruir el pasado. América latina no se ha que-dado atrás, hemos comenzado a presenciar un tipo de producción de este tipo, donde se ha amoldado a nuestras particularidades y procesos históricos, como es el caso de la esclavitud.
The group of automorphisms of the moduli space of principal bundles with structure group $F_4$ and $E_6$
Authors: Antón Sancho Álvaro
Published: December 2018

Let $X$ be a smooth complex projective irreducible curve of genus $g \geq 3$. Let $G$ be the simple complex exceptional Lie group $F_4$ or $E_6$ and let $M(G)$ be the moduli space of principal $G$-bundles. In this work we describe the group of automorphisms of $M(G)$. In particular, we prove that the only automorphisms of $M(F_4)$ are those induced by the automorphisms of the base curve $X$ by pull-back and that the automorphisms of $M(E_6)$ are combinations of the action of the automorphisms of $X$ by pull-back, the action of the only nontrivial outer involution of $E_6$ on $M(E_6)$ by taking the dual and the action of the third torsion of the Picard group of $X$ by tensor product. We also prove a Torelli type theorem for the moduli spaces of principal $F_4$ and $E_6$-bundles, which we use as an auxiliary result in the proof of the main theorems, but which is interesting in itself. We finally draw some conclusions about the way we can see the natural map $M(F_4) \rightarrow M(E_6)$ induced by the inclusion of groups $F_4 \hookrightarrow E_6$.
Metallic conjugate connections
Authors: Blaga Adara M. , Hrețcanu Cristina-Elena
Published: December 2018

Properties of metallic conjugate connections are stated by pointing out their relation to product conjugate connections. We define the analogous in metallic geometry of the structural and the virtual tensors from the almost product geometry and express the metallic conjugate connections in terms of these tensors. From an applied point of view we consider invariant distributions with respect to the metallic structure and for a natural pair of complementary distributions, the above structural and virtual tensors are expressed in terms of O'Neill–Gray tensor fields.
ACCOUNTING SOFTWARE TRAINING FOR VOCATIONAL SCHOOL STUDENTS IN THE REGION OF TANGERANG – BANTEN PROVINCE
Authors: Kamil Islamiah , Ariani Meiliyah , Islamil Umar
Published: December 2018

In workplaces, the use of accounting software in business processes is not something new, while most vocational high school graduates still do not understand the use of accounting software. Students who take accounting major, generally have received detailed accounting lessons, but some others are still studied manually. For this reason, trainings are held for Vocational High School students using the methods of: (1) counseling: delivering material in the form of theory. (2) Question and answer; to provide opportunities for participants who still have unclear understanding; (3) Demonstration, in the form of basic accounting material training (basic accounting process manually); (4) Transaction Analysis Practices, and preparation of Financial Statements using Accurate Accounting software. Trainees were students and teachers of Annurmaniayah Vocational School and Budi Mulya Vocational School, Tangerang Banten, and the training was held in the Accounting Laboratory of the Faculty of Economics, University of Prof. Dr. Moestopo (Beragama), on Saturday, March 25, 2017.
THE INCREASING OF BUSINESS CAPACITY OF TENANT OF PROCESSED FOOD PODUCTS IN SRAGEN STP GANESHA SUKOWATI
Authors: Rahmawati Rahmawati , Martono Dwi Nowo , Hendrawan Iyus , Indriani Yuanita , Heryanto Budhi , Hastoro Gatot Rambi
Published: December 2018

The Science Techno Park (STP) Ganesha Sukawati Sragen is one of the STP in Indonesia. The STP Ganesha Sukawati Program in Sragen is to increase the business capacity of the SMEs (Small and Medium Enterprises) that are selected as tenants. Business capacity building is carried out by providing training and mentoring on business legality, improvement of food processing processes, packaging and labels, simple bookkeeping, and provision of equipment assistance. The assistance results showed that tenant knowledge and skills increased by 30-40% regarding: (1) business legality. This is indicated by the preparation of requirements related to the management of the legality of the business; (2) producing the Aloe veranata product. This is indicated by the resulting crisp texture of aloe vera products; (3) labels and packaging. This is indicated by the availability of labels with new designs that contain more complete information in accordance with the labeling regulations; (4) management and business governance. This is indicated by the tenants in preparing business bookkeeping and business plans that are feasible; (5) tenants receive the assistance in leasing the equipment to assist business development.
دور استراتيجيات إدارة المعرفة في بناء المقدرات الجوهرية دراسة استطلاعية لآراء عينة من مديري ديوان الرقابة المالية في العراق
Authors: الكبيسي صلاح الدين عواد , ياسين مهند محمد
Published: December 2018

تعد استراتيجيات ادارة المعرفة اساسا لبناء المقدرات الجوهرية للمظمة لذا تعاظمت اهميتها بما حدا بالمنظمات الى توجيه اداراتها الى تفعيل تلك الاستراتيجيات بما يفضي الى بناء مقدراتها الجوهرية من خلال العمل الجماعي وتمكين العاملين وبناء الفاعلية الشخصية لهم. ومن هنا برزت مشكلة البحث بمدى ادراك قيادة المنظمة المبحوثة لأستراتيجية ادارة المعرفة الملائمة لبناء مقدراتها و المحاولة لتشخيص العلاقة ارتباطا وتأثيرا بين تلك الأستراتيجيات وبناء المقدرات الجوهرية. أعتمد البحث عينة من (72) مدير ومحاسب قانوني في ديوان الرقابة المالية في العراق وبأستعمال الاساليب الاحصائية تم وصف البيانات واختبار الفرضيات. وتوصل الى عدد من النتائج ابرزها أن الأستراتيجية الترميزية ترتبط وتأثر معنويا في بناء المقدرات الجوهرية على المستويين الفردي ولأجمالي، أما الأستراتيجية الشخصية فترتبط وتأثر بها فقط على المستوى الاجمالي وأن استراتيجات ادارة المعرفة تمتلك ارتباطا وتأثيرا في بناء المقدرات الجوهرية عندما تتفاعل مع بعضها أكبر مما لو طبقت كل استراتيجية لوحدها.
واقع ومعضلات التعليم العالي في العراق رؤية تحليلية في أقتصادات المعرفة
Authors: سعدون عبد الصمد , النداوي خضير عباس
Published: December 2018

أثار موضوع التعليمِ، ومنذ أقدم العصور، إنتباه النُخَبِ الاقتصادية والاجتماعية والسياسيةِ والثقافيةِ والدينيةِ، ليس في العراق فحسب، وأنما في مختلف بلدان العالمِ. وهناك إرتباط قَريب بين المستوى التربويِ للمجتمعاتِ ودرجة تخلفه وتقدّمِه في كُلّ الحقولِ.

ولكي تُنجز أهدافَ البحث، قُسّمَ إلى ثلاثة أقسامِ: َتضمن المبحث الأول التطورَ الإنساني العلمي والتاريخي للتعليمِ، منذ بَدْء  الثورةِ الاقتصادية الأولى (الثورة الزراعية) وخلال الثورةِ الاقتصادية الثانيةِ (الثورة الصناعية) وحتى الثورةِ الاقتصادية الثالثةِ (ثورة تقنيةِ المعلومات)، وتَعاملَ المبحث الثاني مع واقع التعليم العالي في العراق، ومراجعة التجربةَ التعليمية العراقية منذ تأسيس الجامعاتِ في بِداية القرنِ العشرونِ وحتى الوقتِ الحاليِ.

أما المبحث الثالث فقد ركّزَ على: الرؤية الاقتصادية في ضوءِ ثورةِ المعلوماتِ المُعاصرةِ في العالمِ ومدى إنعكاسها على التعليم العالي في العراق، فضلاً عن التَركيز على الملكية الفكرية لطلاب العلم والمبدعين في المجالاتِ المختلفة ومدى صلتِهم بالإستخدام العمليِ لتقنيةِ المعلومات كأولوية سريعة وترتبط في قطاعِ التعليم العالي. وجاءَ الجوابُ من خلال الخاتمة والتوصيات من أجل تحقيق التطور في حقل التعليم العالي في العراق.
طرائق استخدام مخطط الدورية في حالة القيم المفقودة لأنموذج AR(2) المستقر
Authors: ناصر جنان عباس
Published: December 2018

في هذا البحث نتحرى عن سلوك لدالة الكثافة الطيفية المقدرة في السلاسل الزمنية المستقرة في حالة القيم المفقودة، المولدة من أنموذج الانحدار الذاتي من الرتبة الثانية (AR(2)) عندما يكون حد الخطأ لأنموذج AR(2) يتبع عدد من التوزيعات المستمرة. أذ استخدم مخطط الدورية الكلاسيكي ومخطط الدورية Lomb لدراسة سلوك دالة الكثافة الطيفية المقدرة باستخدام المحاكاة.
تنافسية المنشأة في ظل نظام التصنيع المرن دالة أستراتيجية التصنيع ومرونته- دراسة حالة
Authors: داود غسان قاسم , اسماعيل مصطفى منير
Published: December 2018

صمم البحث لدراسة العلاقة بين أستراتيجية التصنيع ومرونته في ظل نظام التصنيع المرن وأنعكاس ذلك على الأداء التنافسي للمنشأة في بيئة أعمالها. ولأجل تفسير مشكلة البحث والتحقق من أمكانية معالجتها، صيغت فرضية رئيسة نصت على "أن الاداء التنافسي للمنشأة تفسره أستراتيجية التصنيع ومرونته المستمدة من أعمال المنشأة وأستراتيجيتها بأطار نظام التصنيع المرن". وبعد ان جرى التحليل لما تمخضت عنه الأدبيات المختصة من طروحات نظرية اغنت المضمون الفكري للبحث، أستخدمت دراسة "الحالة الأيضاحية " لأسناد الروابط الفكرية بين متغيرات البحث والأتساق القائم بينها، فضلا عن التحقق من صحة فرضيته  بتحليل واقع نظام التصنيع المرن في  شركة Toyota Motors اليابانية العاملة في مجال صناعة السيارات العالمية. وقد تم التوصل الى مجموعة أستنتاجات تتفق في جوهرها على صحة فرضية البحث ومنطقيتها.
"مقارنة طرائق التقدير التقريبية لمعلمتي التوزيع اللوجستي"
Authors: علي عمر عبد المحسن
Published: December 2018

تم إستعراض تقدير معلمتي التوزيع اللوجستي بإستعمال طريقة ذات مقدرات مضبوطة وهي طريقة العزوم، ومقارنتها بمقدرات تقريبية مأخوذة بالأساس من أسلوب طريقة (وايت) في التقدير بأعتبار التوزيع اللوجستي من التوزيعات الأحتمالية الأسية، وهي كل من طريقة المربعات الصغرى الأعتيادية، وطريقة أنحدار الحرف، وأقتراح تطبيق طريقة أنحدار الحرف المعدلة على هذا التوزيع. وتم أستحصال النتائج بالأستناد الى تجارب محاكاة لتلك الطرائق جميعها ولنماذج مختلفة ولحجوم عينات متنوعة. وتمت المقارنة بالأستناد الى معياري متوسط مربع الخطأ ومتوسط الخطأ النسبي المطلق.
تشخيص واقع إدارة المعرفة التسويقية "دراسة استطلاعية لآراء عينة من إداريي شركات الاتصالات في مدينة السليمانية"
Authors: يونس فراس رحيم , احمد عبد القادر رحومي
Published: December 2018

يهدف البحث الحالي إلى تشخيص مدى إدراك القائمين على شركات الاتصالات العراقية لواقع إدارة المعرفة التسويقية ودور ذلك في امتلاكها، فضلاً عن بيان معوقات استعمال إدارة المعرفة التسويقية في الشركات المبحوثة، والتعرف على الفروق المحسوبة ومدى إدراك القائمين على شركات الاتصالات العراقية لأهمية استعمال إدارة المعرفة التسويقية في امتلاكها. ولتحقيق أهداف البحث فقد تم تطوير الاستبانة ومن ثم توزيعها على عينة من شركات الاتصالات في مدينة السليمانية، وكان الاختيار يستند إلى معيار عمر الشركة من حيث الأقدمية في سوق الاتصالات. وتوصل البحث إلى النتائج الآتية:

- أظهر البحث أن القائمين على شركات الاتصالات يدركون أهمية استعمال إدارة المعرفة التسويقية في امتلاكها، إذ بينت النتائج مستويات متوسطة من الإدراك.

- بين البحث وجود فروق معنوية في إدراك القائمين على شركات الاتصالات لأهمية استعمال إدارة المعرفة التسويقية في امتلاكها تعزى لبعض المتغيرات الشخصية والوظيفية (المؤهل العلمي وعدد سنوات الخبرة في العمل التسويقي).

- أوضح البحث وجود علاقة ضعيفة بين المتغيرات المستقلة للبحث والمتمثلة (بإدراك أهمية استعمال إدارة المعرفة التسويقية ومعوقات استعمالها) في امتلاك المعرفة التسويقية في شركات الاتصالات. وبناء على نتائج البحث تم تقديم عدد من التوصيات كان من بينها ضرورة استمرار القائمين على شركات الاتصالات بتفعيل الانشطة التسويقية ولاسيما ما يتعلق منها بالاستعمال الامثل لعناصر المزيج التسويقي وتحقيق التمايز والاختلاف في الخدمات المقدمة وتحفيز العاملين في المجال التسويقي.
تحليل العلاقة بين تقلبات سوق الأسهم والنشاط الاقتصادي في الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية
Authors: المعموري محمد علي موسى , فتح الله سحر , احمد حيدر حسين
Published: December 2018

تبحث هذه الدراسة العلاقة الديناميكية بين سوق الأسهم والنشاط الاقتصادي في الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية للتحقق من إمكانية استخدام المؤشرات المالية لرصد نقاط التحول المتوقعة في مسار النشاط الاقتصادي في المستقبل. وقد تمت الاستعانة بمنهجية (جوهانسن- جسليوس) للتكامل المشترك وسببية (جرانجر) لاختبار العلاقة بين مؤشـر ( S&P500 ) ومؤشر (DJ) الصناعي والنـاتج المحلي الإجـمالي (GDP) في الولايات المتحدة الأمـريكية للمدة (1960-2009).

نتائج التحليل أفصحت عن وجود علاقة سببية مزدوجة (باتجاهين) بين المتغيرات المذكورة. مع ذلك، أكدت المعنوية الإحصائية لاختبار جرانجر للسببية أسبقية التغير في سوق الأسهم على النشاط الاقتصادي مما يعني إمكانية استخدام مؤشرات سوق الأسهم في التنبؤ بتقلبات النشاط الاقتصادي.
التكلفة المستهدفة أداة لتحقيق الميزة التنافسية
Authors: محمد سعاد جاسم
Published: December 2018

تُعد تقنية التكلفة المستهدفة من بين أهم التقنيات الحديثة للمحاسبة الإدارية الستراتيجية التي ظهرت استجابة لمتغيرات بيئة الأعمال المعاصرة فضلاً عن  نمو المدخل الستراتيجي في الإدارة، إذ إن الهدف منها تعزيز القدرة التنافسية للوحدات الاقتصادية المحلية عن طريق إيجاد السبل المناسبة لتخفيض تكاليف منتجاتها وتحسين نوعيتها أو المحافظة عليها.

    ولأجل تحقيق هدف البحث الذي تمثل ببيان مدى إمكانية تحقيق الميزة التنافسية باستعمال تقنية التكلفة المستهدفة، فقد تم تقسيمه إلى:

أولاً: منهجية البحث.

ثانياً: تحديد التكلفة المستهدفة.

ثالثاً: الميزة التنافسية –مدخل نظري.

رابعاً: انعكاس تقنية التكلفة المستهدفة في تحقيق الميزة التنافسية.
تأثير القيم الشخصية للعاملين في اداء فرق العمل
Authors: محمد علي عالية جواد
Published: December 2018

يهدف البحث معرفة مدى تأثير قيم الافراد العاملين ضمن فرق العمل في ادائهم ما ينعكس على زيادة الانتاجية وتحسين نوعيتها فضلا عن تطور المنظمة ونجاحها، لقد جرى تطبيق البحث في الشركة العامة للصناعات الكهربائية اذ تضمن اربعة محاور رئيسة يشتمل الاول منهجية البحث من حيث المشكلة والاهمية والهدف والفرضيات الاساسية واساليب جمع البيانات، وكُّرس الثاني للاطار النظري الذي يتعلق بتوضيح متغيرات البحث الاساسية (القيم، وفرق العمل) بينما خُصص الثالث لتحليل البيانات الفعلية باستخدام عدد من الاساليب الاحصائية اهمها الوسط الحسابي، والانحراف المعياري كذلك معامل الارتباط لتحديد درجة الارتباط بين متغيرات البحث والانحراف الخطي البسيط لمعرفة مدى تاثير القيم الشخصية في اداء العاملين في فرق العمل، ثم تناول المحور الرابع عدد من الاستنتاجات والتوصيات اهمها اعتماد الشركة المعايير الشخصية والتنظيمية والدينية لدى الافراد لتعزيز اداء العاملين وزيادة انتاجيتهم لذا اكدت الدراسة تنمية روح العمل الجماعي لتحقيق الانتماء والولاء للمنظمة مع التركيز على تشكيل فرق عمل من العمال المتميزين والكفوئين ممن يتمتعون بالقيم الشخصية العالية لتحقيق اهداف الافراد والمنظمة على حد سواء.
محددات النمو الاقتصادي في البلدان العربية دراسة قياسية مقارنة مع بلدان جنوب شرق أسيا
Authors: ابراهيم ابراهيم اديب
Published: December 2018

المستخلص

ينطلق البحث من مشكلة ركود وتراجع معدلات النمو الاقتصادي في البلدان العربية منذ الثمانينات وحتى اليوم، بعد التقدم الذي أحرزته هذه البلدان في ستينات القرن الماضي. ويستعرض البحث صورة النمو الاقتصادي في البلدان العربية منذ عقد الستينات ولغاية 2007، كما يستعرض وجهات نظر بعض الدراسات التطبيقية فيما يخص العلاقة ما بين النمو الاقتصادي وعوامله (متمثلة برأس المال المادي والبشري بشكل أساسي) في البلدان العربية، مع الإشارة إلى الأسباب المسؤولة عن تلك العلاقة. ويتطرق البحث إلى تأثير برامج الإصلاح الاقتصادية التي قامت بها عدد من البلدان العربية في معدلات النمو الاقتصادي، ومن ثم يجري البحث تحليلا قياسيا لأثر عوامل النمو الاقتصادي في نمو الناتج في البلدان العربية وبلدان جنوب شرق أسيا للمدة 1960-2005، لينتهي بجملة من الاستنتاجات والتوصيات عن كيفية تجاوز الأزمة التي يمر بها النمو الاقتصادي في المنطقة العربية بشكل عام .
ILT15 - A Computer Program for Evaluation of Accelerated Leach Test Data of LLW in the Hungarian NPP Paks
Authors: Pátzay György , Zsille Ottó , Csurgai József , Nényei Árpád , Feil Ferenc , Vass Gyula
Published: December 2018

Computer Program ILT15 developed to accompany a new leach test for solidified radioactive waste forms in the Hungarian NPP Paks. The program is designed to be used as a tool for performing the calculations necessary to analyse leach test data, a modelling program to determine if diffusion is the operating leaching mechanism (and, if not, to indicate other possible mechanisms), and a means to make extrapolations using the diffusion models. The ILT15 program contains four mathematical models that can be used to represent the data, diffusion through a semi-infinite medium, diffusion through a finite cylinder, diffusion plus partitioning of the source term and solubility limited leaching. The program is written in C++ in the Borland C++ Builder programming environment. A detailed description of application of this modelling computer program is given.
Determinan Yang Mempengaruhi Pengetahuan Ibu Tentang Asi Eksklusif Dengan Status Gizi Bayi Di Puskesmas Jatisari Kabupaten Karawang Tahun 2017
Authors: Kurniasih Ari
Published: December 2018

Salah satu penilaian status gizi pada bayi dengan cara antopometri yang diukur melalui indeks berat badan berdasarkan umur (BB/U), panjang badan  berdasarkan umur (PB/U) dan berat badan berdasarkan panjang badan (BB/PB). Masalah pemberian ASI di Indonesia terutama ASI eksklusif telah diatur dalam keputusan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia No 450/MENKES/IV/2004 dan dipertegas dalam Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia No.33 tahun 2012 tentang pemberian ASI eksklusif selama 6 bulan. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah Untuk mengetahui hubungan antara pengetahuan ibu terhadap ASI eksklusif dengan status gizi bayi di Puskesmas Jatisari pada bulan Mei -Juni  2017. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian cross sectional. Penelitian ini di lakukan pada bulan Mei – Juni 2016 di Puskesmas Jatisari. Analisis yang di guanakan adalah analisis univariat dan analisis bivariat. Hasil menunjukan bahwa dari 70 responden yang memiliki status gizi yang normal sebanyak 40 orang (57,1%), yang memiliki pengetahuan kurang sebnayak 36 orang (51,4%), dan terdapat hubungan anatar pengetahuan, sikap, umur, paritas, pendidikan terhadap status gizi bayi di Puskemas Jatisari. Pihak Puskesmas Jatisari khususnya petugas Poli KIA diharapkan meningkatkan penyuluhan tentang Kesehatan Ibu dan Anak (KIA) terutama mengenai pengetahuan gizi agar pengetahuan masyarakat mengenai gizi dapat lebih baik lagi
Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Peran Kader Posyandu Dalam Melaksanakan Konseling Asi Eksklusif Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Batujaya Kabupaten Karawang Tahun 2017
Authors: RAHAYU YAYUK SRI
Published: December 2018

Keberhasilan pemberian ASI eksklusif memerlukan dukungan dari berbagai pihak khususnya kader kesehatan atau kader posyandu. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor yang mempengaruhi peran kader posyandu dalam melaksanakan konseling ASI Eksklusif. Penelitian ini menggunakan  rancangan penelitian survey analitik dengan menggunakan data primer yang dilakukan secara cross sectional. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah para kader posyandu di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Klari tahun 2017. Hasil uji statistic didapatkan adanya hubungan yang bermakna antara pengetahuan kader dengan pelaksanaan asi ekslusif dengan Pv 0.016, antara lama menjadi kader dengan pelaksanaan konseling asi ekslusif Pv 0.000, antara penghargaan untuk kader dengan pelaksanaan konseling asi ekslusife Pv 0.009 dan antara dukungan bidan dengan pelaksanaan konseling asi ekslusif Pv 0.009. Faktor yang tidak mempunyai hubungan yang bermakna dengan konseling ASI secara eksklusif yaitu faktor pendidikan dengan Pv 0.267. Saran perlu adanya program yang rutin mendukung peran kader posyandu, supaya pelaksanaan asi ekslusif pada masyarakat dapat di kontrol dan dimotivasi dengan baik.
Komunikasi, Informasi Dan Edukasi (KIE) Meningkatkan Pengetahuan Tentang Pencegahan Perilaku Seksual Pranikah Pada Remaja
Authors: Novianti Rima
Published: December 2018

Background and Objective: SDKI results (2012), 4.5 million teens has premarital sexual intercourse and increase every year. Adolescent  indifference about reproductive health and the impact of premarital sexual behavior has led to an increase in cases of unmarried pregnancy, abortion and sexuall transmitted disease. Adolescent will still consider that premarital sexual behavior as a mystery, becase education and information that teens have gained about reproductive health and the impact of premarital sexual behavior do not make teenagers avoid from premarital sexual behavior. The goal of the research is to know the influence of communication, information and education towards the premarital sexual behavior. Method: The method use in this study is quasi experimental pre-post test with control group. Sample on this study is 68 respondence for two group (control and experimental). Result: The research indicates there are influences between the IEC with the knowledge, attitudes and  skill prevent risky sexual behavior with p value=0.000, multivariat data processing results shows communication with the parents and the influence of peer is an influential factor against risky sexual behavior skills in teenagers, if the communication with the parents increased  by 1, then risky sexual behavior skills will increased 1.239. if the influence of peers increased by 1, then risky sexual behavior skills will increase 2.141. Conclusion: There is the influence of the giving IEC to knowledge, atitude and skills prevent risky sexual behavior. IEC can be one of maternity nursing interventions in adolescent reproductive health.
Should We Teach Pronunciation Explicitly in L2/EFL Classrooms?
Authors: Atar Cihat
Published: December 2018

The aim of this study is to discuss whether explicit teaching of English pronunciation in second language (L2) and English as a foreign language (EFL) classrooms is helpful for learners or not. This study aims to review the studies on pronunciation teaching to synthesize the literature. In this way, connections between research and practice will be formed and the implications for language teaching will be mentioned. In this study, a literature review (of around 40 articles, books and book chapters) has been done first and then, in accordance with the findings, the emerging themes (e.g. intelligibility, Lingua Franca Core and students’ background) from the review were further reviewed and a synthesis is provided taking the findings regarding different perspectives into consideration. The results suggest that recently pronunciation teaching has shown great improvements and the aims of it have changed from attaining a native-like proficiency to being intelligible. The review suggests that the aim of pronunciation teaching should be to teach for functional and meaningful contexts and it should be a part of communicative approaches to provide students with a fluent speech. The findings also suggest that the focus in explicit pronunciation teaching should be on not only perception, but also production and only the relevant and useful parts of phonology should be taught to learners.
Low laser therapy (photobiomodulation) on bacteria of pressure ulcers: in vitro studies
Authors: Thomé Andrezza Maria Côrtes , Sergio Luiz Philippe da Silva , Orsini Marco , De Freitas Marcos RG , Teixeira Silmar , Bastos Victor Hugo , Ribeiro Pedro , Da Fonseca Adenilson de Souza , Oliveira Acary Souza Bulle , Trajano Eduardo Tavares Lima , De Seixas Filho José Teixeira , Dusek Patricia
Published: December 2018

The biological effects promoted by low power laser result in faster wound healing. However, wounds are very complex systems from both host and microbial point of view. Since infection is a common cause of delayed wound healing, it is important to understand the effect of low-level laser therapy in bacterial growth. This mini-review summaries the current evidence about effects of low level laser on bacteria vitro studies.Key-words: Low power laser, infected injury, bacteria.