bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Coupling Relation between Urban Spatial Compactness and Degree of Land Use Mix Based on Compact City Theory: The Case of Downtown Shenyang, China
Authors: Liu Shengjun , Gu Chen , Chen Yijing
Published: January 2023

Rapid urbanization has resulted in a series of problems, such as single-type land use, low efficiency, traffic congestion, and environmental degradation. The compact city, a concept that advocates the intensive and efficient use of land, may be considered when planning urban stocks. Grounded in the evaluation of the coordination degree in the coupling between spatial compactness and mixed land use based on compact city theory, this study aimed to provide scientific guidance for sustainability measures to renew the compact urban form. To this end, it analysed an area of 3972 hectares on both sides of the Hunhe River in Shenyang City, identified spatial problems, and put forward governance suggestions through case study methods. In spatiotemporal terms, the distribution characteristics of the coordination between the northern (old district) and southern (new district) banks were significantly different, with the former being better than the latter. In terms of land use type, higher coordination may be implemented in small blocks with predominantly residential functions and central areas for mixed use. The identification results clearly revealed the patches that need to be treated, thereby facilitating the delineation of urban renewal units. Differentiated design and governance measures are needed to address the imbalanced patches.
Travel Demand Management Implications during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Case Study of Tehran
Authors: Baghestani Amirhossein , Tayarani Mohammad , Mamdoohi Amir Reza , Habibian Meeghat , Gao Oliver
Published: January 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has had an unprecedented impact on the transportation sector, with changes expected to last for a long time. Following the reopening phases, increased use of private vehicles and continued avoidance of exposure to the infectious virus in public transportation exacerbated urban traffic and environmental problems. The paper aims to evaluate the impact of travel demand management strategies during the COVID-19 pandemic in Tehran, Iran. That city provided a unique case study because of its high COVID-19 contagion and death rates, traffic congestion, and lack of government restriction plans, which are common in developing countries. Four scenarios combining various travel demand management strategies were considered during the pandemic. The findings highlight the importance of considering the tradeoffs between different performance measures when selecting a suitable travel demand management strategy. Depending on the goals that decision-makers have set, the strategies may not be additive. While teleworking, e-learning, and rescheduling working hours all help reduce traffic congestion, the pricing strategy contributes significantly to meeting environmental and health goals. The findings also highlight the nonlinear pattern of change associated with each strategy.
Environmental Impacts of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Nutrient Diffusion Fluxes at a Sediment-Water Interface: The Case of the Yitong River, China
Authors: Zhao Ke , Fu Hang , Zhu Yinze , Wang Yue , Wang Shuwei , Li Fengxiang
Published: January 2023

Under the premise of controlling the external input of nitrogen and phosphorus, endogenous release is the main cause of eutrophication in lakes. To investigate the characteristics of endogenous nitrogen and phosphorus release from urban rivers, the Yitong River, an urban river in northern China, was used as an experimental object. Eight sampling sites were set up in the upstream, urban, and downstream regions of an urban section. The nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient exchange fluxes at the sediment-water interface of the Yitong River were assessed by analyzing the sediment and overlying water, and the effects of environmental factors on nitrogen and phosphorus release were investigated using static release experiments. The results showed that the diffusive fluxes of endogenous total nitrogen (TN), ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N), and total phosphorus (TP) in the urban section of the Yitong River ranged from −1.571 to 19.365 mg·(m2·d)−1, −0.171 to 9.227 mg·(m2·d)−1, and −0.052 to 0.595 mg·(m2·d)−1, respectively. The diffusive fluxes of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients were all greater under anaerobic conditions than under aerobic conditions. The diffusive fluxes of nitrogen and phosphorus were influenced by changes in pH, DO, and temperature of the overlying water, and the release of phosphorus from the sediment was accelerated by high temperatures in the range of 5–25 °C. Acidic conditions favored the release of TN, whereas alkaline conditions favored the release of TP from the sediment. Furthermore, during the control of nitrogen and phosphorus pollution, it should be noted that fluxes are higher in spring and autumn. Thus, when appropriate techniques should be implemented to achieve better control. These findings are intended to provide a reference for the study of nitrogen and phosphorus diffusion fluxes at the sediment-water interface in urban rivers and other surface waters around the world.
The Impact of Shared Leadership on Team Creativity in Innovation Teams—A Chain Mediating Effect Model
Authors: Sun Muyun , He Kaiyuan , Wen Ting
Published: January 2023

As an important outcome of team innovation, team creativity has become an important issue in academia and industry. Meanwhile, the horizontal leadership model has been preliminarily proven to be effective in improving the output of innovation performance. Multiple chain mediating effects of team psychological safety climate, cognitive motivation and social motivation on shared leadership and team creativity in innovative teams were proposed on the basis of social network theory and group dynamics theory. In this study, 178 innovation teams and 2011 innovation team members were given questionnaires, and the obtained data were empirically analyzed. The results show that shared leadership has a significant positive effect on team creativity in innovative teams; team psychological safety climates, cognitive motivation and social motivation play a partial mediating role between shared leadership and team creativity, and play a chain mediating role together. At the team level, the study verifies the positive effect of shared leadership on team creativity and reveals the complex team process.
A Review of Emerging Scientific Discussions on Green Infrastructure (GI)-Prospects towards Effective Use of Urban Flood Plains
Authors: Herath Herath Mudiyanselage Malhamige Sonali Dinesha , Fujino Takeshi , Senavirathna Mudalige Don Hiranya Jayasanka
Published: January 2023

The goal of the present review is to collect data on trending scientific discussions on applying green infrastructure (GI) approaches to the effective use of urban floodplains and conceptualize potential future directions. A systematic literature review methodology was employed for this review. We reviewed 120 scholarly articles published between 2011 and 2022 under a predefined protocol. In this review, we discuss the trending dialogues on GI approaches and their applications. The research gap in applying GI approaches for macro-level urban-flood-plain management is addressed by (a) speculative arguments drawn from reviewed GI case studies, (b) an analysis of the trends’ strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT), and (c) presenting the concurrent ‘green–gray’ debate on neutral ground. Evidently, GI has its strengths and opportunities, as well as weaknesses and threats. The approaches to GI can be customized according to the application purpose, the regional or locational context, and the intended capacity. Following the analysis of emerging GI discussions, we position the current GI dialogues into four categories: (i) the green–gray continuum; (ii) GI for sustainable and resilient cities; (iii) GI as a resolution for urban issues; and (iv) the green–gray debate. In this classification, we strongly argue that placing GI in a more certain and instrumental position can be optimally achieved in the ‘green–gray continuum’ concept with a win–win scenario. Therefore, scientifically investigating the ‘green–gray continuum’ possibilities in a futuristic approach is strongly recommended.
A Comprehensive Study of the Effects of Various Operating Parameters on a Biogas-Diesel Dual Fuel Engine
Authors: Feroskhan M. , Ismail Saleel , Natarajan Gobinath , Manavalla Sreekanth , Khan T. M. Yunus , Khadar Shaik Dawood Abdul , Ali Mohammed Azam
Published: January 2023

Alternative fuels are found to be the most promising solution to the problem of conventional IC engine pollution because their use curtails its huge emissions without exerting a negative impact on its performance. In this research, a conventional compression ignition engine is investigated by operating it with the combination of simulated biogas and neat diesel under a dual fuel mode of operations. The simulated biogas in the current work comprises different proportions of methane and carbon dioxide in the mixture. The full factorial approach in this work involved studying the effects of parameters such as biogas flow rate, composition, intake temperature, torque, and methane enrichment (complete removal of CO2 from biogas) on the engine performance, emissions, and combustion indices with an extensive number of experiments. It is witnessed from the research that biogas is capable of providing a maximum of 90% of the overall energy input, while the CI engine operates under dual fuel mode. Under the dual fuel mode of operation involving biogas, a significant amount of reductions are witnessed in secondary fuel consumption (67%), smoke (75%), and NOx (55%) emissions. At low flow rates, biogas is found to improve brake thermal efficiency (BTE), whereas it reduces hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide emissions. Methane enrichment resulted in more diesel substitution by 5.5% and diminishes CO and HC emissions by 5% and 16%, respectively. Increasing the intake temperature caused an increase in thermal efficiency (2%) and a reduction in diesel consumption (~35%), and it curtailed all emission elements except NOx.
Trans-Esophageal Echocardiography of the Descending Aorta and Celiac Trunk as an Intraoperative Monitoring for Median Arcuate Ligament Syndrome (MALS) Treatment: Technique Proposal and Two Case Reports
Authors: Lubian Marta , Nisi Fulvio , Giustiniano Enrico , Ripani Umberto , Piccioni Federico , Cecconi Maurizio
Published: January 2023

Dunbar syndrome is caused by the compression of the celiac artery by the median arcuate ligament (MAL) and the diaphragmatic crura, presenting with abdominal pain. The treatment is surgical, with the aim of dissecting and separating the diaphragmatic crura from the celiac axis, restoring blood flow in the celiac trunk. We propose the use of transesophageal echocardiography to measure the peak systolic velocity in the celiac trunk and to evaluate, in real time, the efficacy of the surgery during MAL resection. Two clinical cases with practical implications are reported. In one of these, the ultrasound exam was useful in providing an intraoperative confirmation of the outcome of the resection.
The Proxy-SU(3) Symmetry in Atomic Nuclei
Authors: Bonatsos Dennis , Martinou Andriana , Peroulis Spyridon Kosmas , Mertzimekis Theodoros John , Minkov Nikolay
Published: January 2023

The microscopic origins and the current predictions of the proxy-SU(3) symmetry model of atomic nuclei were reviewed. Beginning with experimental evidence for the special roles played by nucleon pairs with maximal spatial overlap, the proxy-SU(3) approximation scheme is introduced; its validity is demonstrated through Nilsson model calculations and its connection to the spherical shell model. The major role played by the highest weight-irreducible representations of SU(3) in shaping up the nuclear properties is pointed out, resulting in parameter-free predictions of the collective variables β and γ for even–even nuclei in the explanation of the dominance of prolate over oblate shapes in the ground states of even–even nuclei, in the prediction of a shape/phase transition from prolate to oblate shapes below closed shells, and in the prediction of specific islands on the nuclear chart in which shape coexistence is confined. Further developments within the proxy-SU(3) scheme are outlined.
Calculating Crossing Numbers of Graphs Using Their Redrawings
Authors: Staš Michal
Published: January 2023

The main aim of the paper is to give the crossing number of the join product G*+Dn. The connected graph G* of order six is isomorphic to K3,3\e obtained by removing one edge from the complete bipartite graph K3,3, and the discrete graph Dn consists of n isolated vertices. The proofs were carried out with the help of several possible redrawings of the graph G* with respect to its many symmetries.
Uncertain Sensor–Weapon–Target Allocation Problem Based on Uncertainty Theory
Authors: Li Guangjian , He Guangjun , Zheng Mingfa , Zheng Aoyu
Published: January 2023

The sensor–weapon–target allocation (S-WTA) is a typical collaborative task allocation problem involved in network-centric warfare (NCW). The existing related studies have a limitation to the nature of cooperation and uncertainty in an air defense battle scenario, and most existing models have the assumption that they are determinate, i.e., the parameters in them are known certainly. For the actual battlefield environment, the asymmetric information in it could lead to the failure of the above assumption, and there are many uncertainties whose frequency can not be evaluated objectively. Based on uncertainty theory, this paper studied the S-WTA problem in an indeterminate battlefield environment. First, we analyze the uncertain factors existing in the actual battlefield environment and their influence on the S-WTA problem, and by considering the threat value of the target, the deviation parameters of the sensor tracking performance and weapon interception performance as uncertain variables, we then establish an uncertain S-WTA (USWTA) model, where the destruction value to targets is regarded as an objective function and four categories of typical constraints are set. Further, an equivalent transformation is presented to convert the unsolvable model into a determinate one by the expected value principle. To solve the proposed model efficiently, a permutation-based representation for the allocation scheme of the USWTA problem is introduced firstly, which can construct a feasible solution efficiently, and on this basis, a constructive heuristic algorithm based on maximum marginal return rule (MMRCH) is designed to construct a feasible solution with high quality. Additionally, a local search (LS) operation is proposed to explore for the better solution locally and further improve the quality of solution obtained by MMRCH. Finally, a set of instances are set to be solved by the designed algorithm, and the simulation experiment demonstrates the superiority of the designed algorithm and the feasibility of the proposed model.
LILP: A Lightweight Enciphering Algorithm to Encrypt Arbitrary-Length Messages
Authors: Zhang Xing , Chen Jian , Li Tianning , Dai Gang , Wang Changda
Published: January 2023

The advancement of the Internet of Things (IoT) has promoted the development of embedded devices. It is important to ensure data transmission security on embedded devices with limited computing power and storage space. However, the traditional block encryption algorithm cannot run efficiently on embedded devices because of the large amount of computation. In this paper, a lightweight length-preserving-encryption algorithm (LILP) is proposed to convert an n-bit block cipher into a special block cipher that supports an arbitrary length of no less than 2n bits as input. LILP adopts the involution design method based on a Lai–Massey structure and lightweight components to adapt to the limited computing power of embedded devices. In particular, a lightweight compression function (LCF) is designed to process the data during iteration, which improves security without reducing the efficiency of the algorithm. The experimental results show that LILP is more efficient than traditional similar algorithms in encrypting data for resource-constrained devices while ensuring data security in the IoT.
ID-Based Ring Signature against Continual Side Channel Attack
Authors: Yu Qihong , Li Jiguo , Shen Jian
Published: January 2023

The security of the signature scheme is destroyed because its secret information of the signature system is leaked due to the side channel attack. Ring signature has good application value, which can provide more flexibility and complete anonymity. It can be used in some systems such as anonymous authentication in ad hoc networks, electronic voting and crypto coin based on blockchain. Because of the side channel attack, the private key of the ring signature system may be exposed, which may cause insecurity. We present a ring signature system against continuous side channel attack. Because of the symmetry of the ring, the user’s identity has good privacy protection. The proposed scheme is completely secure without a random oracle model and the private key disclosure rate is close to 1/3. Through the dual system technique, the existential unforgeability and unconditional anonymity of the scheme are proved in the composite order group based on the subgroup decision assumption.
Full-Memory Transformer for Image Captioning
Authors: Lu Tongwei , Wang Jiarong , Min Fen
Published: January 2023

The Transformer-based approach represents the state-of-the-art in image captioning. However, existing studies have shown Transformer has a problem that irrelevant tokens with overlapping neighbors incorrectly attend to each other with relatively large attention scores. We believe that this limitation is due to the incompleteness of the Self-Attention Network (SAN) and Feed-Forward Network (FFN). To solve this problem, we present the Full-Memory Transformer method for image captioning. The method improves the performance of both image encoding and language decoding. In the image encoding step, we propose the Full-LN symmetric structure, which enables stable training and better model generalization performance by symmetrically embedding Layer Normalization on both sides of the SAN and FFN. In the language decoding step, we propose the Memory Attention Network (MAN), which extends the traditional attention mechanism to determine the correlation between attention results and input sequences, guiding the model to focus on the words that need to be attended to. Our method is evaluated on the MS COCO dataset and achieves good performance, improving the result in terms of BLEU-4 from 38.4 to 39.3.
Laplace Residual Power Series Method for Solving Three-Dimensional Fractional Helmholtz Equations
Authors: Albalawi Wedad , Shah Rasool , Nonlaopon Kamsing , El-Sherif Lamiaa S. , El-Tantawy Samir A.
Published: January 2023

In the present study, the exact solutions of the fractional three-dimensional (3D) Helmholtz equation (FHE) are obtained using the Laplace residual power series method (LRPSM). The fractional derivative is calculated using the Caputo operator. First, we introduce a novel method that combines the Laplace transform tool and the residual power series approach. We specifically give the specifics of how to apply the suggested approach to solve time-fractional nonlinear equations. Second, we use the FHE to evaluate the method’s efficacy and validity. Using 2D and 3D plots of the solutions, the derived and precise solutions are compared, confirming the suggested method’s improved accuracy. The results for nonfractional approximate and accurate solutions, as well as fractional approximation solutions for various fractional orders, are indicated in the tables. The relationship between the derived solutions and the actual solutions to each problem is examined, showing that the solution converges to the actual solution as the number of terms in the series solution of the problems increases. Two examples are shown to demonstrate the effectiveness of the suggested approach in solving various categories of fractional partial differential equations. It is evident from the estimated values that the procedure is precise and simple and that it can therefore be further extended to linear and nonlinear issues.
Novel Brominated Flame Retardants in Dust from E-Waste-Dismantling Workplace in Central China: Contamination Status and Human Exposure Assessment
Authors: Li Xuelin , Wang Yu , Bai Wenbin , Zhang Qiuyue , Zhao Leicheng , Cheng Zhipeng , Zhu Hongkai , Sun Hongwen
Published: January 2023

Novel brominated flame retardants (NBFRs) have been widely used as alternatives to legacy BFRs. However, information on the contamination status and human exposure risks of electronic waste (e-waste)-derived NBFRs in the e-waste workplace is limited. In this study, six NBFRs and the legacy BFRs, hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDs), were analyzed in 50 dust samples from an e-waste-dismantling workplace in Central China. The dust concentration of NBFRs in e-waste-dismantling workshops (median, 157–169 ng/g) was found to be significantly higher than those in an outdoor environment (17.3 ng/g) (p < 0.01). Differently, the highest median concentration of HBCDs was found in dust from the dismantling workshop for cellphones and computers (367 ng/g) among studied areas. The bis(2-ethylhexyl)-3,4,5,6-tetrabromo-phthalate (BEHTBP) was the predominant compound, which contributed 66.0–88.0% of measured NBFR concentrations. NBFRs might originate from plastic and rubber materials in wastes based on the correlation and principal component analysis. Moreover, the total estimated daily intakes (average scenario) of NBFRs were calculated at 2.64 × 10−2 ng/kg bw/d and 2.91× 10−2 ng/kg bw/d for the male and female dismantling workers, respectively, via dust ingestion, inhalation, and dermal contact pathways, which were lower than the reference dose values, and thus indicated a limited human exposure risk for NBFRs at the current level. Although the dust concentrations and daily intakes of NBFRs were still lower than those of other emerging pollutants (e.g., organophosphate and nitrogenous flame retardants) measured in the same sampling set, the elevated levels of NBFRs suggested the progressive BFR replacement process in China, which deserves more attention regarding their adverse effects on both the environment and human health.
Rat Bait, Not Healthy Rice!
Authors: Lee Kuan-I , Lin Jing-Hua , Chu Yen-Jung , Deng Jou-Fang , Chu Wei-Lan , Hung Dong-Zong
Published: January 2023

Bromadiolone, a potent, long-acting anticoagulant rodenticide is frequently tinted to a red or pink color and mixed with cereals as rat bait. Six peoples working in a small factory suffered from a severe bleeding tendency several weeks after consuming a rice meal that was tainted with bromadiolone mistaken to be healthy food. High serum levels of bromadiolone and excessive bleeding were found in these individuals, and they needed vitamin K1 therapy for weeks. These cases indicated that long-acting anticoagulant rodenticide might induce cumulative toxicity in repeated, low-dose exposure, and the blood levels of bromadiolone might be an indicator for antidote therapy if available.
Can Maternal Exposure to Air Pollution Affect Post-Natal Liver Development?
Authors: Song Yong , Chen Ling , Bennett Ellen , Wheeler Amanda J. , Southam Katherine , Yen Seiha , Johnston Fay , Zosky Graeme R.
Published: January 2023

Emerging evidence suggests that inhalation of particulate matter (PM) can have direct adverse effects on liver function. Early life is a time of particular vulnerability to the effects of air pollution. On that basis, we tested whether in utero exposure to residential PM has an impact on the developing liver. Pregnant mice (C57BL/6J) were intranasally administered 100 µg of PM sampled from residential roof spaces (~5 mg/kg) on gestational days 13.5, 15.5, and 17.5. The pups were euthanized at two weeks of age, and liver tissue was collected to analyse hepatic metabolism (glycogen storage and lipid level), cellular responses (oxidative stress, inflammation, and fibrosis), and genotoxicity using a range of biochemical assays, histological staining, ELISA, and qPCR. We did not observe pronounced effects of environmentally sampled PM on the developing liver when examining hepatic metabolism and cellular response. However, we did find evidence of liver genomic DNA damage in response to in utero exposure to PM. This effect varied depending on the PM sample. These data suggest that in utero exposure to real-world PM during mid-late pregnancy has limited impacts on post-natal liver development.
Hot Spots in Sgr A* Accretion Disk: Hydrodynamic Insights
Authors: Tito Elizabeth P. , Goncharov Victor P. , Pavlov Vadim I.
Published: January 2023

The recent image of our galaxy’s supermassive black hole Sgr A* derived from the 7 April 2017 data of the Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration shows multiple hot spots in its accretion disk. Using the analytical framework, we demonstrate that the observed hot spots may not be disjoint elements but causally linked components (“petals”) of one rotating quasi-stationary macro-structure formed in the thermo-vorticial field within the accretion disk.
Avoidance of Singularity during the Gravitational Collapse with String T-Duality Effects
Authors: Jusufi Kimet
Published: January 2023

In this paper, we explore the gravitational collapse of matter (dust) under the effect of zero-point length l0. During the gravitational collapse, we neglect the backreaction effect of pre-Hawking radiation (in the sense that it is a small effect and cannot prevent the formation of an apparent horizon), then we recast the internal metric of a collapsing star as a closed FRW universe for any spherically symmetric case and, finally, we obtain the minimal value for the scale factor, meaning that the particles never hit the singularity. We argue that the object emerging at the end of the gravitational collapse can be interpreted as Planck stars (black hole core) hidden inside the event horizon of the black hole, with a radius proportional to (GMl02/c2)1/3. Quite interestingly, we found the same result for the radius of the Planck star using a free-falling observer point of view. In addition, we point out a correspondence between the modified Friedmann’s equations in loop quantum gravity and the modified Friedmann’s equation in string T-duality. In the end, we discuss two possibilities regarding the final stage of the black hole. The first possibility is that we end up with Planck-size black hole remnants. The second possibility is that the inner core can be unstable and, due to the quantum tunneling effect, the spacetime can undergo a black-hole-to-white-hole transition (a bouncing Planck star).
Measles Outbreak Response Activity in Japan, and a Discussion for a Possible Strategy of Outbreak Response Using Cycle Threshold Values of Real-Time Reverse Transcription PCR for Measles Virus in Measles Elimination Settings
Authors: Seto Junji , Aoki Yoko , Komabayashi Kenichi , Yamada Keiko , Ishikawa Hitoshi , Ichikawa Tomoo , Ahiko Tadayuki , Mizuta Katsumi
Published: January 2023

Measles is a highly contagious, but vaccine-preventable disease caused by the measles virus (MeV). Although the administration of two doses of measles vaccines is the most effective strategy to prevent and eliminate measles, MeV continues to spread worldwide, even in 2022. In measles-eliminated countries, preparedness and response to measles outbreaks originating from imported cases are required to maintain elimination status. Under these circumstances, real-time reverse transcription (RT) PCR for MeV could provide a diagnostic method capable of strengthening the subnational capacity for outbreak responses. Real-time RT-PCR can detect MeV RNA from patients with measles at the initial symptomatic stage, which can enable rapid public health responses aimed at detecting their contacts and common sources of infection. Furthermore, low cycle threshold (Ct) values (i.e., high viral load) of throat swabs indicate high infectiousness in patients with measles. The high basic reproduction number of measles suggests that patients with high infectiousness can easily become super-spreaders. This opinion proposes a possible strategy of rapid and intensive responses to counter measles outbreaks caused by super-spreader candidates showing low Ct values in throat swabs. Our strategy would make it possible to effectively prevent further measles transmission, thereby leading to the early termination of measles outbreaks.
Multi-Influenza HA Subtype Protection of Ferrets Vaccinated with an N1 COBRA-Based Neuraminidase
Authors: Skarlupka Amanda L. , Zhang Xiaojian , Blas-Machado Uriel , Sumner Spencer F. , Ross Ted M.
Published: January 2023

The influenza neuraminidase (NA) is a promising target for next-generation vaccines. Protection induced by vaccination with the computationally optimized broadly reactive NA antigen (N1-I COBRA NA) was characterized in both influenza serologically naive and pre-immune ferret models following H1N1 (A/California/07/2009, CA/09) or H5N1 (A/Vietnam/1203/2004, Viet/04) influenza challenges. The N1-I COBRA NA vaccine elicited antibodies with neutralizing ELLA activity against both seasonal and pandemic H1N1 influenza, as well as the H5N1 influenza virus. In both models, N1-I COBRA NA-vaccinated ferrets that were challenged with CA/09 virus had similar morbidity (weight loss and clinical symptoms) as ferrets vaccinated with the CA/09 HA control vaccine. There were significantly reduced viral titers compared to the mock-vaccinated control animals. Ferrets vaccinated with N1-I COBRA NA or Viet/04 NA vaccines were protected against the H5N1 virus infection with minimal clinical symptoms and negligible weight loss. In contrast, ferrets vaccinated with the CA/09 NA vaccine lost ~10% of their original body weight with 25% mortality. Vaccination with either HA or NA vaccines did not inhibit contact transmission of CA/09 virus to naïve cage mates. Overall, the N1-I COBRA vaccine elicited protective immune responses against both H1N1 and H5N1 infections and partially mitigated disease in contact-transmission receiving ferrets. These results indicate that the N1-I COBRA NA performed similarly to the CA/09 HA and NA positive controls. Therefore, the N1-I COBRA NA alone induces protection against viruses from both H5N1 and H1N1 subtypes, indicating its value as a vaccine component in broadly protective influenza vaccines.
Asymptotic Formulation for the Rayleigh Wave on a Nonlocally Elastic Half-Space
Authors: Prikazchikov Danila A.
Published: January 2023

This paper deals with the Rayleigh wave, propagating on a nonlocally elastic, linearly isotropic half-space, excited by a prescribed surface loading. The consideration develops the methodology of hyperbolic–elliptic models for Rayleigh and Rayleigh-type waves, and relies on the effective boundary conditions formulated recently, accounting for the crucial contributions of the nonlocal boundary layer. A slow-time perturbation scheme is established, leading to the reduced model for the Rayleigh wave field, comprised of a singularly perturbed hyperbolic equation for the longitudinal wave potential on the surface, acting as a boundary condition for the elliptic equation governing the decay over the interior. An equivalent alternative formulation involving a pseudo-differential operator acting on the loading terms, with parametric dependence on the depth coordinate, is also presented.
Field Performance of Rain Garden in Red Soil Area in Southern China
Authors: Chen Chunli , Li Yanqi , Le Wencai , You Chengyun , Liu Zhenzhong , Liu Wei , Zhang Ru
Published: January 2023

Sponge City, as a new concept in urban stormwater management, utilizes on-site or local hydrologic processes for runoff control and therefore is highly dependent on the geographical location (soil type) and site-specific climatic conditions. Field studies are valuable because of the insufficient quantity of field performance data in low-impact development (LID)-related research. Rain gardens are recommended for LID to manage stormwater. A rain garden was designed as a pilot project in Nanchang city, which is one of the typical red soil areas in southern China. Red soil is usually not conducive to runoff infiltration due to its low organic carbon, strong acidity and low permeability rainfall characteristics, but the permeability of the filter media layer is an important parameter in LID design. The construction depth of the rainwater garden was 600 mm, and 30% sand, 10% compost and 60% laterite were used as combined matrix; the permeability coefficient of medium layer was 1.48 × 10−5 m·s−1. Rainfall runoff control and pollutant removal efficiencies were studied based on the on-site conditions. The analysis of almost 2 years of field data showed that volume capture ratio of annual rainfall was 78.9%, the mean load removal of TSS, NH3-N, TP, TN, COD and NO3-N were 92.5%, 85.3%, 82.9%, 80.5%, 79.8% and 77.5%, respectively, which could meet the technical guidelines for sponge city construction in Nanchang. The research results could provide a basis for sponge city design in low organic carbon and low permeability areas.
Temperature Modeling with the Group Method of Data Handling to Inform Projected Rainfall Depth Changes for Extreme Events in Central West, New South Wales, Australia
Authors: Lake Ronald William , Shaeri Saeed , Senevirathna S. T. M. L. D.
Published: January 2023

The focus of this research is to introduce the application of the polynomial neural network of the group method of data handling (GMDH) for the first time in the regional area of the New South Wales state of Australia. Within this regional context, temperature data are modeled to assess its projected variation impacts on rainfall depth due to climate change. The study area encompasses six local government areas within the state’s Central West region. Stochastic methods for monotonic trend identification were used to support the modeling. Four established homogeneity tests were also used for assessing data integrity by determining the frequency of breakpoints within the mean of the data. The results of the GMDH modeling returned a coefficient of determination exceeding 0.9 for all stations dominated by an overall upward trend with an average maximum temperature increase of 0.459 °C per decade across the study region. The homogeneity tests found all data categorized as useful within the context of applicability for further climate change studies. By combining the modeled upward temperature trend with the intensity frequency distribution (IFD) design rainfall modification factor, projected depth increases by 2070 are obtained, enabling improved designs for stormwater infrastructure based on classified temperature variation scenarios.
Evaporation Dynamics of Sessile and Suspended Almost-Spherical Droplets from a Biphilic Surface
Authors: Starinskaya Elena , Miskiv Nikolay , Terekhov Vladimir , Safonov Alexey , Li Yupeng , Lei Ming-Kai , Starinskiy Sergey
Published: January 2023

Research in the field of the evaporation of liquid droplets placed on surfaces with special wetting properties such as biphilic surfaces is of great importance. This paper presents the results of an experimental study of the heat and mass transfer of a water droplet during its evaporation depending on the direction of the gravitational force. A special technique was developed to create unique substrates, which were used to physically simulate the interaction of liquid droplets with the surface at any angle of inclination to the horizontal. It was found that the suspended and sessile droplets exhibited fundamentally different evaporation dynamics. It was shown that the suspended droplets had a higher temperature and, at the same time, evaporated almost 30% faster.
Net Anthropogenic Nitrogen Input and Its Relationship with Riverine Nitrogen Flux in a Typical Irrigated Area of China Based on an Improved NANI Budgeting Model
Authors: Yan Tiezhu , Bai Jianwen , Bao Han , Lei Qiuliang , Du Xinzhong , Zhai Limei , Liu Hongbin
Published: January 2023

Excessive nitrogen (N) inputs from human activities in the watershed have resulted in water quality deterioration and other biological hazards. It is therefore critical to fully understand the anthropogenic N inputs and their potential impacts on regional water quality. In this study, a modified net anthropogenic nitrogen input (NANI) budgeting model considering the irrigation N input was developed and applied to investigate spatial–temporal variations of anthropogenic N inputs and their relationship with riverine N flux from 2005 to 2019 in a semi-arid irrigated watershed, Ulansuhai Nur watershed (UNW), China. The results showed that the annual average anthropogenic N inputs reached 14,048.0 kg N km−2 yr−1 without a significant temporal change trend. Chemical N fertilizer was the major contributor for watershed NANI and accounted for 75.3% of total NANI. Hotspots for N inputs were located in the central part of the watershed. In this study, watershed NANI does not have a significant regression relationship with riverine N export during the study period. Riverine N export showed an obvious decreased trend, which mainly was attributed to human activities. In addition, approximately 1.92% of NANI was delivered into the water body. Additionally, the N inputs into the watershed by the irrigation water accounted for 9.9% of total NANI. This study not only expands the application range of the NANI model in irrigated watersheds, but also provides useful information for watershed N management strategies.
Prevalencia de alteraciones musculoesqueléticas en pacientes que asisten al Centro de Salud de la provincia del Guayas
Authors: Caiza Castro Karen Elizabeth , Cifuentes Garcés Karen Stefany , Grijalva Grijalva Isabel Odila , Moran Lazo Andres Ramon , Briones Fajardo David Timoteo
Published: January 2023

Los Trastornos musculoesqueléticos (TME) abarcan más de 150 patologías que pueden afectar al sistema locomotor, siendo considerado por la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) en el año 2021 como el principal factor para la incapacidad laboral y de requerir rehabilitación. Estas lesiones se presentan de forma repentina y pueden llegar a ser enfermedades crónicas, las cuales pueden afectar de una manera social, económica y laboral. Objetivo. Establecer la prevalencia de las alteraciones musculoesqueléticas más frecuentes, asociadas a incapacidad laboral en pacientes que asisten al Centro de Salud en la provincia del Guayas. Materiales y métodos. Este trabajo de investigación tiene un alcance descriptivo observacional, de enfoque cuantitativo con un diseño no experimental de corte transversal, el mismo que se apoyó en una base de datos de tipo numérico. Resultados. Obteniendo como resultado una mayor prevalencia en el dolor articular con un 32,49%, seguido de lumbalgia 14,13%, patologías artrósicas 13.73% y dorsalgia 2,62%. Conclusiones. Al realizar la comparación entre varios estudios se pudo determinar que la edad más frecuente para presentar alteraciones musculoesqueléticas es de los 30 a 70 años de edad dentro de la población laboral, siendo a mayor edad, mayor prevalencia a incapacidad laboral.
Marcadores tumorales CA125, He4 e índice ROMA en cáncer de ovario
Authors: Sánchez Tenesaca Joselyn , Galarraga Pérez Edison
Published: January 2023

El cáncer de ovario es un problema de salud pública para el cual no se cuenta con métodos de tamizaje estandarizados, no obstante, los marcadores Ca125, He4 y el índice de Roma tiene un gran valor en el diagnóstico y pronóstico de esta patología. Objetivo. Analizar el comportamiento de los marcadores tumorales Ca125 y He4 e índice de Roma en la predicción de malignidad en pacientes con masas ováricas. Materiales y Métodos. Se tomaron los resultados de laboratorio de 112 mujeres atendidas en el Hospital General Ambato de los valores séricos de Ca125, He4 y su correspondiente cálculo del índice de Roma. Se los dividió en el grupo pre y postmenopáusico, maligno y benigno. Resultados. El análisis de los resultados definió la relación de Ca 125 y He4 con el diagnóstico de cáncer de ovario con un nivel de confianza del 95% y valor de p<0,05. La probabilidad de diferenciar cáncer de ovario de procesos benigno para Ca125, He4 e índice de Roma fue del 93,33%, 84,4 y 99,7, respectivamente. Conclusiones. El mejor predictor de malignidad es el índice de Roma. Se encontraron valores séricos elevados de He4 mayores para pacientes postmenopáusicas. Se requieren más estudios que avalen un método de tamizaje estandarizado para el cáncer de ovario.
Historia socio-económica de la primera fase de la dictadura franquista
Authors: Abreu Colombri José Antonio
Published: January 2023

Reseña del libro: Del Arco Blanco, Miguel Ángel, ed. Los “años del hambre”. Historia y memoria de laposguerra franquista. Madrid: Marcial Pons, 2020. 376 paginas. ISBN: 978-84-17945-05-3.
O anticomunismo nas decisões dos ministros do Supremo Tribunal Federal (1964-1970)
Authors: Gamba Torres Mateus
Published: January 2023

O presente artigo trata da presença do discurso anticomunista em decisões do Supremo Tribunal Federal durante a ditadura civil-militar ocorrida no Brasil. O Supremo Tribunal Federal, como órgão máximo da justiça brasileira, estabeleceu em suas decisões um discurso de autonomia e imparcialidade, porém alinhado com a doutrina de segurança nacional. As fontes utilizadas para a pesquisa e percepção desse discurso são três acórdãos resultantes de julgamentos de recursos ordinários criminais pelo STF entre 1964 e 1970. Esses eram os únicos tipos de recursos julgados por um tribunal civil durante o período autoritário, no caso o Supremo Tribunal Federal, e a última possibilidade de absolvição por parte dos réus processados por crimes contra a segurança nacional. São analisadas questões relacionadas às legislações e às decisões judiciais do Supremo Tribunal Federal desde 1964, onde está demonstrado que, apesar de o discurso de imparcialidade dos julgadores se manter durante o governo autoritário, é visível a influência de questões políticas relacionadas à ditadura nos acórdãos pesquisados.
Nuevo Orden nazi-fascista para la cultura europea
Authors: Vallejo Bosch Gerard
Published: January 2023

Reseña del libro: Martin, Benjamin G. The Nazi-fascist New Order for European Culture. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2016.
Fascismo feminino latino
Authors: De Almeida Machado Vitória , Clamer Fonseca Falavigna dos Reis Gabbiana
Published: January 2023

A América Latina ainda é um tema recente nos estudos sobre o fascismo. Apesar das pesquisas existentes, poucas ainda procuraram analisar a participação das mulheres nesses movimentos. Com isso, busca-se analisar os fascismos na América Latina, especialmente em relação à participação das mulheres em duas organizações: Ação Integralista Brasileira (AIB) e a peruana, Unión Revolucionaria (UR). Nesses países, o fascismo foi para além de um movimento e se concretizou em partidos políticos, possibilitando a visualização de uma estrutura orgânica e organizada politicamente. A partir de uma reflexão inicial, a pesquisa tem como foco a comparação entre as mulheres peruanas e brasileiras, principalmente pela relevância dos movimentos e pela ausência de estudos que trabalhem nessa perspectiva.
La dimension du genre dans l’analyse du vieillissement : le cas du Brésil
Authors: Britto da Motta Aida
Published: January 2023

Genre et génération constituent deux dimensions fondamentales de la vie en société. Ce sont aussi des catégories d’analyse des relations sociales, qui s’articulent entre elles. La vieillesse se vit à la fois de façon homogène et différenciée selon le sexe des individus et la classe sociale à laquelle ils appartiennent. Le genre définit ce que la société attend des hommes et des femmes et réglemente l’action sociale. C’est donc une entrée particulièrement importante pour présenter et expliquer les différentes trajectoires de vie sociale des deux sexes, lesquels ne vivent pas le vieillissement de manière identique au quotidien et ne sont pas affectés au même titre par les politiques publiques en direction des personnes âgées. L’article qui suit illustre cette dynamique, en s’appuyant sur des résultats d’études et de recherches menées à Bahia au Brésil.
L’émergence du chômage au Brésil : reproduction et changement des rapports sociaux
Authors: Vargas Francisco Eduardo
Published: January 2023

Emergence of unemployment in Brazil : reproduction and changes of social relations.

This article deals with the emergence of unemployment in Brazil, on the basis of an analysis of the historical conditions in which it appeared. A new statistical categorisation brings out the specificity of Brazilian unemployment, partly disguised by casualised work and partly by the phenomenon of discouragement. This brings out the evolution of class relations. The problem of the borders of unemployment, of casualised work and discouragement also emerge from an analysis of unemployment in the light of gender relations. Both approaches underline that the category of unemployment includes both an objective and a subjective dimension.
Les femmes sont-elles plus dépendantes de l'État-providence que les hommes ?
Authors: Nyberg Anita
Published: January 2023

L’État-providence a procuré des avantages substantiels aux femmes : leur dépendance économique à l’égard des hommes a diminué, grâce à l’augmentation conjointe de leurs salaires et des prestations liées au travail. Elles ont aujourd’hui davantage les moyens de subvenir à leurs propres besoins et, le cas échéant, à ceux de leurs enfants - notamment en cas de séparation ou de divorce. Toutefois, la division sexuelle du travail n’a pas diminué pour autant, comme l’attestent les différences maintenues entre les hommes et les femmes en matière de rémunérations et de transferts monétaires de l’État. Cet article met en évidence les changements qui se sont opérés quant à la dépendance respective des hommes et des femmes vis-à-vis du marché et de l’État depuis les années soixante-dix.
Travail et compassion dans le monde hospitalier
Authors: Molinier Pascale
Published: January 2023

Starting from the clinic and the theory of psychodynamism in work, the author shows that compassion is not a “natural” psychological capacity for nurses, but a collective construction formed by the caring experience. A majority of men work in the technical hospital sector (maintenance, canteens, etc). A study of work psychodynamism among the managers of this sector suggests that hospital technical staff belong to the same universe of experience as that of the nursing staff. Corporatist division could be overcome around this compassionate dimension of hospital work and new forms of solidarity between nursing and technical staff could be invented.
L'espace homosexué du rugby : le masculin en questions
Authors: Saouter Anne
Published: January 2023

Une étude anthropologique du rugby révèle une pratique sportive, autant qu’un « lieu » de construction de la masculinité. L’individu est en effet intégré dans une communauté masculine qui va lui permettre, dans un cadre institutionnalisé, d’accéder progressivement à l’âge d’homme. En même temps, face au stéréotype social d’une masculinité exacerbée, les rugbymen ne cessent de se défendre d’une homosexualité qu’un regard extérieur serait censé soupçonner. J’ai alors cherché à comprendre sur quoi se fondait cette crainte : le parcours biographique de l’individu présenterait-il une « anomalie », du moins ainsi qu’on me le laissait entendre ?