bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Peer cooperation during teaching in paired field placements: Forms and challenges
Authors: Do Minh-Ly , Hascher Tina
Published: July 2023

Paired field placement is an important element of teacher education where student teachers can acquire professional cooperative skills through team teaching. However, little is known about challenges that student teachers face during team teaching. Also, knowledge about challenges during the team teaching process (e.g. planning, instruction, reflection) is scarce. This study focuses on pre-primary and primary student teachers’ challenges with peer cooperation during team teaching, the problems they face and how they cope with negative experiences. Data was collected from 30 student teachers through in-depth, semi-structured interviews. Results reveal various forms of conflict during different phases of peer cooperation in team teaching such as lack of flexibility due to pressure to follow agreements, or unclear roles and responsibilities. Instruction turns out to be the most challenging phase of team teaching, with lack of compatibility with the peer as the most frequent reason for problems. Reflection is rarely used as a cooperative setting. The findings also revealed the frequent use of reactive strategies to cope with challenges, particularly the strategy of avoiding problems.
Aspects of Visual Content Covered in the Audio Description of Arabic Series: A Corpus-assisted Study
Authors: Darwish Noor , Haider Ahmad S. , Saed Hadeel
Published: July 2023

People with visual impairment need a special form of audio-visual translation (AVT) to have access to multimedia products such as series and movies. Audio description (AD) is an AVT mode that describes what is happening in the images through words. It is a necessary accessibility tool that allows the blind and visually impaired to visualize scenes through spoken material. This study examines the types of information covered in the AD of the Jordanian Netflix drama series ‘Madrast Al-Rawabi LilBanat’ (AlRawabi School for Girls) following a corpus-assisted approach. Subsequent to watching the series and transcribing the verbal AD content, the researchers conducted frequency and concordance (KWIC) analyses using the Wordsmith 6 (WS6) software package to identify the categories of information covered in the AD. The findings showed six categories, namely description of characters, description of actions, interpersonal interactions, description of settings, emotional states, and on-screen texts. This study recommends conducting further research on AD in the Arab world to expand the accessibility services provided by official TV channels and streaming platforms.
Lessons in clinical reasoning – pitfalls, myths, and pearls: a case of crushing, substernal chest pain
Authors: Trumbull Denslow Allerton , Braschi Erica L. , Jain Ankur , Southwick Frederick S. , Parsons Andrew S. , Radhakrishnan Nila S.
Published: July 2023

Objectives

Diagnostic error is not uncommon and diagnostic accuracy can be improved with the use of problem representation, pre-test probability, and Bayesian analysis for improved clinical reasoning.

Case presentation

A 48-year-old female presented as a transfer from another Emergency Department (ED) to our ED with crushing, substernal pain associated with dyspnea, diaphoresis, nausea, and a tingling sensation down both arms with radiation to the back and neck. Troponins were elevated along with an abnormal electrocardiogram. A negative myocardial perfusion scan led to the patient’s discharge. The patient presented to the ED 10 days later with an anterior ST-elevation myocardial infarction.

Conclusions

An overemphasis on a single testing modality led to diagnostic error and a severe event. The use of pre-test probabilities guided by history-taking can lead to improved interpretation of test results, ultimately improving diagnostic accuracy and preventing serious medical errors.
Língua e raça no Brasil colonial
Authors: Severo Cristine , Makoni Sinfree
Published: July 2023

Neste artigo, exploramos e analisamos o processo de racialização da língua portuguesa e dos sujeitos africanos no contexto colonial brasileiro. Para tal, exploramos a relação entre as dimensões econômica e política do colonialismo e as práticas linguísticas dos povos africanos escravizados no Brasil. À luz do aparato colonial português – que combinava interesses religiosos, políticos e econômicos – este artigo analisa o papel desempenhado pelas línguas e pelas ideologias linguísticas racializadas, tanto na promoção da exploração como na resistência à dominação colonial. A partir de uma perspectiva histórica e crítica, analisamos o dispositivo econômico e social que sustentou os africanos escravizados no Brasil, profundamente orientado por um sistema baseado no modelo do engenho. Exploramos quatro exemplos: o uso dos termos boçal, ladino, crioulo e língua; a aprendizagem do português pelos africanos escravizados e o papel da proficiência em português; a política de nomeação e etnização; e as ideologias linguísticas missionárias. Apontamos para a relação entre quatro elementos inter-relacionados: as dimensões ideológicas da língua, os processos de racialização, a dominação econômica e as práticas de resistência. Concluímos em defesa de um conceito descolonizador de língua em contextos coloniais que considere a pluralidade de vozes e a epistemologia crítica inscrita na noção de multilinguismos diaspóricos coloniais do Sul Global.
Uniqueness theorems of the Hahn difference operator of entire function with a Picard exceptional value
Authors: Zhang Xiaomei , Wu Zhaojun
Published: July 2023

Let

f

f

be a transcendental entire function of finite order with a Picard exceptional value

β
∈
C

\beta \in {\mathbb{C}}

,

q
∈
C
\

{

0
,
1

}

q\in {\mathbb{C}}\setminus \left\{0,1\right\}

and

c

c

are complex constants. The authors prove that

D

q
,
c

f

(

z

)

−
a

f

(

z

)

−
a

=

a

a
−
β

,

\frac{{{\mathfrak{D}}}_{q,c}f\left(z)-a}{f\left(z)-a}=\frac{a}{a-\beta },

if

D

q
,
c

f

(

z

)

{{\mathfrak{D}}}_{q,c}f\left(z)

and

f

(

z

)

f\left(z)

share value

a

(

≠
β

)

a\left(\ne \beta )

CM, where

D

q
,
c

f

(

z

)

=

f

(

q
z
+
c

)

−
f

(

z

)

(

q
−
1

)

z
+
c

{{\mathfrak{D}}}_{q,c}f\left(z)=\frac{f\left(qz+c)-f\left(z)}{\left(q-1)z+c}

is the Hahn difference operator. This result generalizes the related results of Zongxuan Chen [On the difference counterpart of Brück’s conjecture, Acta Math. Sci. 34B (2014), 653–659].
Relationen zwischen professionellem Handeln und biografischen Übergangserfahrungen von Lehrkräften – Der Umgang mit Ungewissheit als eine miteinander verflochtene Verbindung
Authors: Epp André
Published: July 2023

Relations between Professional Action and Biographical Transition Experiences of Teachers’ – Dealing with Uncertainty as an Intertwined Connection. In the article it is shown that, uncertainty is not only constitutive for professional action of teachers, but also for transitions, since the latter have lost their function of providing stability and direction in the historical course of time. In this context, the focus is also on how and with which strategies teachers react to potential uncertainty in biographical transitions and in occupational-professional action and to what extent these are related to each other. In the course of the analysis with a category-based and a sequential procedure, which were related to each other, two types could be identified. With their occupational-related activities to support students in transitional processes to vocational training, both of these types tie in with action strategies that have “proven themselves” in the context of their own biographical transitions. However, only biographical work triggers corresponding resonances that promote professional teacher action.
Professionalism vs. Ideologization in the Hungarian Candidate Dissertations in Educational Science in the 1970s
Authors: Czabaji Horváth Attila , Albrecht Zsófia , Daru Andrea , Szente Dorina
Published: July 2023

After World War II, the Soviet model was introduced in the countries of the Eastern Bloc, including Hungary, not only in the political, economic, and social spheres, but also in the field of science, and within it, in the system of qualification. The system introduced – which remained in place until 1993 – was aimed at creating a new intellectual class, so candidates had to meet political as well as professional requirements. In a pilot study on the process of knowledge construction in the next generation of scientists, we analyzed reviewers’ opinions on doctoral dissertations in the 1970s. The theoretical framework was provided by Stichweh and Becker’s notion of discipline and Bourdieu’s field theory on the functioning of scientific disciplines. Qualitative content analysis was used to process 20 reviews. Although the candidates had to meet both professional and political criteria, the referees put more emphasis on professionalism. The analyzed reviewers’ opinions of the show, that those within the scientific field already had more flexibility than those wishing to enter it, but that this meant only relative research freedom.
Neznámá kapitola ze života Gerty Kallikové-Figulusové
Authors: Holeka Pavel
Published: July 2023

Gerta Kalliková-Figulusová společně s manželem Ferdinandem Kallikem a dvěma dětmi opustila v roce 1947 Československo v obavě z příchodu komunistické diktatury. Nikdy nezapomněla na zemi, kterou považovala za svou vlast, ani na ty, kdo jí jako „dítku národa“ poskytli rodinné i duchovní zázemí. Mezi ně patřila i rodina kazatele Jednoty českobratrské Josefa Štiftera.
Blocking FGF23 signaling improves the growth plate of mice with X-linked hypophosphatemia
Authors: Fuente Rocío , Pastor-Arroyo Eva-Maria , Gehring Nicole , Oro Carbajosa Patricia , Alonso-Durán Laura , Zderic Ivan , Tapia-Dean James , Hamid Ahmad Kamal , Bettoni Carla , Santos Fernando , Wagner Carsten A , Rubio-Aliaga Isabel
Published: July 2023

Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) is a phosphaturic hormone. X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH) is the most prevalent inherited phosphate wasting disorder due to mutations in the PHEX gene, which cause elevated circulating FGF23 levels. Clinically, it is characterized by growth impairment and defective mineralization of bones and teeth. Treatment of XLH is challenging. Since 2018, neutralizing antibodies against FGF23 have dramatically improved the therapy of XLH patients, although not all patients fully respond to the treatment, and it is very costly. C-terminal fragments of FGF23 have recently emerged as blockers of intact FGF23 signaling. Here, we analyzed the effect on growth and bone of a short 26 residues long C-terminal FGF23 (cFGF23) fragment and two N-acetylated and C-amidated cFGF23 peptides using young XLH mice (Phex
C733RMhda mice). Although no major changes in blood parameters were observed after 7 days of treatment with these peptides, bone length and growth plate structure improved. The modified peptides accelerated the growth rate probably by improving growth plate structure and dynamics. The processes of chondrocyte proliferation, death, hypertrophy, and the cartilaginous composition in the growth plate were partially improved in young treated XLH mice. In conclusion, these findings contribute to understand the role of FGF23 signaling in growth plate metabolism and show that this may occur despite continuous hypophosphatemia.
Drying characteristics of pine forest residues
Authors: Phanphanich Manunya , Mani Sudhagar
Published: July 2023

The thin layer drying of pine forest residues consisting of bark, needles, leaves, and chips was experimentally conducted at air temperatures of 40, 50, 60, 70, and 80oC. Physical and chemical properties of fractionated forest residues were determined to evaluate its fuel properties. The experimental data obtained from thin layer drying study were fitted with Lewis, Page, and Henderson and Pabis equations to evaluate the drying behavior of the forest residues. Among the three drying models, the Henderson and Pabis model fitted well with the experimental drying data at the tested temperatures (40, 50, 60, 70, 80oC), achieving R2 values of0.992, 0.994, 0.997, 0.989, and 0.983, respectively. The drying constant k for the forest residues was increased with increase in drying air temperature and was correlated in the form of a second order regression equation. The thin layer drying data developed from this study will be useful for designing low temperature dryers for forest residues.
Enhancement of solid state fermentation for production of penicillin G on sugar beet pulp
Authors: Taşkın Evrim , Eltem Rengin , Soyak Esra
Published: July 2023

In this study, two local strains of Penicillium chrysogenum named EGEK458 and EGEK469 were selected for enhancement of Penicillin G (PenG) production under solid state fermentation (SSF) conditions. These two strains were selected among seven strains according to their fermentation yields for PenG production during previous tests under submerged fermentation conditions. Sugar beet pulp, an agro-industrial residue of the sugar industry, was used as an inert support for the first time in PenG production under SSF. In order to enhance the production of PenG, two points of moisture level and three concentration values of nutrients (impregnated in solid support), which are the key parameters in production of PenG, were compared. As the yields from solid and submerged fermentation were compared, 570U/g of PenG – almost 15 times higher quantities of its production vs. submerged conditions – were obtained under SSF conditions in 50 hours by the strain EGEK458. The conditions for the enhanced production of PenG were 65% moisture content with a four-fold concentrated nutrients impregnated solid support.
Production of dissolving grade pulp from alfa
Authors: Bouiri Baya , Amrani Moussa
Published: July 2023

Alfa, also knows as Stipa tenacissimaI or “halfa”, is grown in North Africa and south Spain. Due to its short fiber length, paper made from alfa pulp retains bulk and takes block letters well. In this study alfa was evaluated for bleached pulp production. Two cellulose pulps with different chemical compositions were pulped by a conventional kraft process. One sample was taken from the original alfa material and another from alfa that had been pretreated by diluted acid. The pulp produced from the pretreated alfa was bleached by the elemental-chlorine-free sequences DEPD and DEDP. The yield, Kappa number, brightness, and α- cellulose content of bleached and unbleached pulps were evaluated. The results showed that during the chemical pulping process, treated alfa cooked more easily than the original alfa. The treated alfa pulp also showed very good bleaching, reaching a brightness level of 94.8% ISO with a yield of 93.6% at an α-cellulose content 96.8(%) with a DEDP bleaching sequence, compared to 83.2% ISO brightness level, 92.8% yield, and 95.1% α-cellulose content for bleached pulp with a DEPD bleaching sequence. Therefore, this alfa material could be considered as a worthwhile choice for cellulosic fiber supply.
Water uptake and flexural properties of natural filler/HDPE composites
Authors: Zabihzadeh Seyed Majid
Published: July 2023

Composites of flour from different lignocellulosic sources with high-density polyethylene were prepared, and their water absorption and flexural properties were studied. Flour samples from loblolly pine, hybrid Euro-American poplar, and wheat straw were mixed with the polymer at 35 wt % lignocellulosics content and either zero or 2% compatibilizer. Water absorption tests were carried out on injection-molded specimens for temperatures of 30, 45, 60, and 75°C. Results indicated a significant difference among different lignocellulosic types, of which wheat straw composites exhibited the highest and the pine composites showed the lowest water absorption values. The composites with 2% MAPE showed lower water absorption compare to the composites without MAPE. This indicates that the compatibilizer plays an important role to repel the water molecules. For all four temperature conditions, rising temperature increased water absorption significantly. Composites with poplar had the highest flexural strength and modulus. Adding compatibilizer to the composites boosted the flexural properties by improving the adhesion between natural filler and the polymer matrix.
Effects of fungal treatment on structural and chemical features of hornbeam chips
Authors: Talaeipour Mohammad , Hemmasi Amir Homan , Kasmani Jafar Ebrahimpour , Mirshokraie Seyed Ahmad , Khademieslam Habib
Published: July 2023

Structural and chemical changes were investigated in Hornbeam (Carpinus betulus) chips that had been exposed to Phanerochaete chrysosporium BKM-1767 fungus. Samples subjected to fungal treatments for durations of 1, 2, and 4 weeks were investigated and compared with a control sample not subjected to fungal treatment. Results of scanning electron microscopy indicated that fungal hyphae were present on the surfaces of all chips exposed to the fungus. In the samples treated for a 2 or 4-week period, these hyphae additionally penetrated into vessels and lumens through ray cells, softening and destroying the cell walls. FT-IR spectra indicated that fungal treatment modified the chemical structure of the wood. Furthermore, there was a remarkable decrease in the amount of lignin in woods exposed to fungus. Lignin decreases after 1, 2, and 4 weeks of treatment were 2.83%, 11.4%, and 18.56%, respectively. Measurement of fiber dimensions indicated that cell wall thicknesses decreased after treatment, but that the lumen width increased compared with the control sample.
Effects of some impregnation chemicals on combustion characteristics of laminated veneer lumber (LVL) produced with oak and poplar veneers
Authors: Kol Hamiyet Sahin , Ozbay Günay , Köse Lütfü , Kurt Seref
Published: July 2023

The objective of this research was to investigate the effects of impregnation chemicals on the combustion properties of 3-ply laminated veneer lumber (LVL) made of Oak (Quercus petraea subsp. İberica) and Poplar (Populus tremula L.). For this purpose, oak wood was used as the outer ply and poplar used for the core ply in LVL. Borax (BX), boric acid (BA), borax+boric acid (BX+BA), and di-ammonium phosphate (DAP) were used as impregnation chemicals, and urea formaldehyde (UF), phenol formaldehyde (PF), and melamine-urea-formaldehyde (MUF) adhesives as bonding agent were used to produce LVLs. The vacuum – pressure method was used for the impregnation process. The combustion test was performed according to the procedure defined in the ASTM–E 69 standards, and during the test the mass reduction, temperature, and released gas (CO, O2) were determined for each 30 seconds. As a result, di-ammonium phosphate was found to be the most successful fire retardant chemical in LVL with MUF adhesive. LVL produced from a combination of oak and poplar veneers with MUF adhesive and impregnated with DAP can be recommended to be used as a fire resistant building material where required.
Clinical characteristics and outcomes of injuries in agricultural and nonagricultural workers visiting the emergency department: a propensity-matched analysis
Authors: Kang Jong Yeon , Song Sung Wook , Hong Hansol , Kim Woo Jeong , Kang YoungJoon , Kang Jeong Ho , Lee Sung Kgun , Bu Ji Hwan , Ko Seo Young , Lee Soo Hoon
Published: July 2023

Objective Agriculture is a hazardous industry. However, previous studies have focused on injuries to agricultural workers without comparison with injuries to nonagricultural workers. Therefore, we compared the clinical characteristics and outcomes of injuries reported at an emergency department (ED) between agricultural workers and nonagricultural workers.Methods We established a prospective ED-based agricultural injury surveillance system at a tertiary university hospital. Adult patients visiting the ED for an injury were divided into farmer and non-farmer groups depending on their engagement with agriculture. Using an adjusted multivariate analysis and propensity score matching (age, sex, inhabitant, and insurance type), we compared the clinical characteristics and outcomes of injuries between the farmer and non-farmer groups.Results In total, 38,556 injured adult patients (37,746 in the non-farmer group and 810 in the farmer group) were available for the unmatched sample analysis. The 1,620 matched subjects were equally classified after one-to-one nearest-neighbor propensity score matching. A multivariate logistic regression analysis of the unmatched sample revealed higher adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for intensive care unit admission (adjusted OR, 1.752; P=0.003) and overall surgery (adjusted OR, 1.870; P<0.001) in the farmer group. In contrast, univariate logistic regression analyses of the propensity score–matched sample found a higher OR in the farmer group only for overall surgery (OR, 1.786; P<0.001).Conclusion Injuries of agricultural workers had higher odds only of requiring surgery; differences in injury-related mortality between groups were not statistically significant in either the matched or unmatched sample analyses.
Frequency of posttrauma complications during hospital admission and their association with Injury Severity Score
Authors: Dasdar Shayan , Yousefifard Mahmoud , Ranjbar Mehri Farhang , Forouzanfar Mehdi , Mazloom Hamid , Safari Saeed
Published: July 2023

Objective Multiple trauma is associated with a remarkable risk of in-hospital complications, which harm healthcare services and patients. This study aimed to assess the incidence of posttrauma complications, their relationship with poor outcomes, and the effect of the Injury Severity Score (ISS) on their occurrence.Methods This retrospective cohort study was conducted at a pair of trauma centers, between January 2020 and December 2022. All hospitalized adult patients with multiple trauma were included in this study. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify factors related to posttrauma complications.Results Among 727 multiple trauma patients, 90 (12.4%) developed in-hospital complications. The most frequent complications were pneumonia (4.8%), atelectasis (3.7%), and superficial surgical site infection (2.5%). According to multivariable logistic regression, ISS, the length of stay in the intensive care unit (ICU), the length of stay in the hospital, and mortality were significantly associated with complications. The complication rate increased by 17% with every single-unit increase in ISS (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 1.17; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.00–1.38). Per every 1-day increase in the ICU or hospital stay, the complication rate increased by 65% (adjusted OR, 1.65; 95% CI, 1.00–2.73) and 20% (adjusted OR, 1.20; 95% CI, 1.03–1.41), respectively. Posttrauma complications were also significantly more common in patients with mortality (adjusted OR, 163.30; 95% CI, 3.04–8,779.32). In multiple trauma patients with a higher ISS, the frequency, severity, and number of complications were significantly increased.Conclusion In-hospital complications in multiple trauma patients are frequent and associated with poor outcomes and mortality. ISS is an important factor associated with posttrauma complications.
Benefits, key protocol components, and considerations for successful implementation of extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation: a review of the recent literature
Authors: Jeung Kyung Woon , Jung Yong Hun , Gumucio Jorge Antonio , Salcido David D. , Menegazzi James J.
Published: July 2023

The application of venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in patients unresponsive to conventional cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) has significantly increased in recent years. To date, three published randomized trials have investigated the use of extracorporeal CPR (ECPR) in adults with refractory out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Although these trials reported inconsistent results, they suggest that ECPR may have a significant survival benefit over conventional CPR in selected patients only when performed with strict protocol adherence in experienced emergency medical services–hospital systems. Several studies suggest that identifying suitable ECPR candidates and reducing the time from cardiac arrest to ECMO initiation are key to successful outcomes. Prehospital ECPR or the rendezvous approach may allow more patients to receive ECPR within acceptable timeframes than ECPR initiation on arrival at a capable hospital. ECPR is only one part of the system of care for resuscitation of cardiac arrest victims. Optimizing the chain of survival is critical to improving outcomes of patients receiving ECPR. Further studies are needed to find the optimal strategy for the use of ECPR.
A Study on the Impact of Cultural Distance on Foreign Investment Performance: Comparing Independent Firms and Subsidiaries Using Hofstede's Cultural Dimensions
Authors:   Korea Association for International Commerce and Information, Kim Chang-Bong , Choi Jo-Hwan
Published: July 2023

This study examines the impact of Hofstede's cultural distance on the performance of 295 Korean manufacturing SMEs in foreign countries, categorizing them into subsidiaries and independent firms. The results show that the performance of subsidiaries is higher than that of independent firms when cultural distance is not taken into account. However, when the cultural distances between home and host countries is considered, subsidiaries are more negatively affected by cultural distances than independent firms in terms of overall cultural distance and power distance (PDI), individualism (IDV), and masculinity (MAS). This finding suggests that the flexibility in responding and adjusting independent firms to local cultures with operational autonomy positively contributes to the mitigation of liability of foreignness incurred by cultural distances, and thus provides practical implications for internationalizing firms in seeking efficient strategies to cope with liabilities of internationalization.
Wolność do religii czy wolność od religii
Authors:   Szkoła Wyższa Psychologii Społecznej w Warszawie, Wołodkiewicz Witold
Published: July 2023

The paper discusses the attitude of the Roman Empire towards Christianity during the period of Principate and Dominate, as a side theme to the debate on religious liberty launched at the time of the Vatican Council II. It analyzes the approach of emperors to religious views in the Theodosian and Justinianic Codes. It also touches upon the relations between the State and the Church in the present situation of the III Polish Republic.
Relacje między politykami a biurokratami: W. Wilson, M. Weber, J. Schumpeter
Authors:   Uniwersytet Michała Römera (Wilno, Litwa), Dumbliauskas Vytautas , Jakubauskas Adas ,   Uniwersytet Michała Römera (Wilno, Litwa)
Published: July 2023

A. Farazmand identifies three approaches towards relationship between politicians and bureaucrats in contemporary academic discussion. The first approach holds the idea of total control of bureaucracy by elected politicians. The second approach rejects dichotomy of politics-administration, and speaks for the twofold role of bureaucracy, both political and administrative. The third approach treats the high level bureaucrats as possessing certain autonomy vis-ą-vis politicians. The aim of the article is to demonstrate that already the early researchers of relationship between politicians and bureaucrats provided different explanation of their roles. In order to ensure effectiveness of public administration, W. Wilson separated administration and politics. M. Weber showed the dark side of administrative effectiveness – bureaucratization of public life, which can be controlled only by charismatic political leadership. J. Schumpeter pointed to the negative side of competition among such charismatic leaders, that is, decrease of administrative effectiveness. Therefore, he claimed that democratic government has to rely upon professional bureaucracy, which is sufficiently strong and independent.The article proposes a twofold explanation of these divergent approaches. First, it can be explained by variety of parliamentary systems, which is determined by differing executive-legislative linkage. On of the extreme cases of such linkage is premiership of cabinet system, where the executive power dominates vis-ą-vis parliament. Such case could explain the approach (by M. Weber), according to which charismatic political leaders, who proved their capabilities during the party competition, could and should rule the systems of bureaucratic administration. Another extreme case – the French type assembly government – could explain the approach (by J. Schumpeter) that bureaucracy should be strong and independent, which could advice or even prescribe politicians, engaged into competition, which forces to care not about the effectiveness of state administration but the political value of administrative decisions. Second, the explanation of different approaches concerning the role of politicians and bureaucrats may by related to the fact that societies seek to have both politically responsive and professionally responsible bureaucracy. The aim of politically responsive bureaucracy rests on the understanding of the importance of political leadership in liberal democracies and its relationship with the state bureaucracy. This aim is expressed by M. Weber. Another aim comes from the understanding that implementation of public policy, formulated by politicians, depends on the professionalism of bureaucracy and its responsibility. This aim is articulated by J. Schumpeter.
Predicting the incidence of chronic kidney disease in patients with myocardial infarction and acute kidney injury
Authors: Demchuk O. V. , Sukmanova I. A.
Published: July 2023

Aim. To estimate the incidence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and develop a calculator to estimate the CKD probability in patients with myocardial infarction (MI) and acute kidney injury (AKI).

Material and methods. A total of 193 patients with MI aged 34-79 years were examined: 123 patients with MI and signs of AKI, 70 patients without AKI. In all patients, the levels of C-reactive protein, troponin I, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), microalbuminuria (MA), creatinine, and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) were determined. In the presence of AKI criteria on the 3rd day and at discharge, the level of kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) molecule and interleukin-18 was examined in the urine. Six months after discharge, GFR was assessed over time. Patients of both groups underwent coronary angiography with stenting of infarct-related artery.

Results. The GFR at admission in patients with AKI was lower than in the group without AKI with normal creatinine levels. Following correlations between AKI and markers of cardiovascular events were revealed: KIM-1 and NT-proBNP (r=0,29 p=0,031), GFR and NT-proBNP (r=-0,22 p=0,015), NT-proBNP and IL-18 (r=0,18 p=0,045), MA with troponin I and CRP (r=0,20 p=0,048 and r=0,29 p=0,001). After six months, persistent renal function decline was more frequently diagnosed in patients with acute MI and AKI on index hospitalization. An equation for a multifactorial model for CKD risk was created: P(CKD)=exp(z)/(1+exp(z)), z=-1,113092e+01 — 4,082006e-02 * troponin I + 8,553826e-04 * NT-proBNP (discharge) + 1,620188e-01 * age + 3,411724e-02 * systolic blood pressure -7,753111e-03 * MA. ROC analysis revealed the most reliable sensitivity of 83% and specificity of 88,2% for the threshold value of CKD probability of 86,1%.

Conclusion. Patients with MI and AKI have a significant risk of CKD within 6 months after ACS. The created mathematical model and calculator determine the likelihood of CKD.
Stress test with physical activity: features of hemodynamics and kinetics of carotid arteries in atherosclerotic stenosis
Authors: Fedorina M. A. , Davydkin I. L. , Germanova O. A.
Published: July 2023

Aim. To analyze the effect of exercise on cerebral hemodynamics in borderline ste­­nosis of internal carotid artery (ICA) (40-69%) in asymptomatic patients.

Material and methods. The study included 120 patients: group I (n=40) — without signs of carotid bifurcation atherosclerosis; II (40) — with hemo­dynamically insignificant stenosis of ICA (40-69%): IIA — with ICA stenosis of 40-59% (18); IIB — 60-69% (22); III (40) — with hemodynamically significant stenosis of ICA (≥70%, without occlusion). All patients underwent following investigations: blood coagulation and lipid profile tests; doppler ultrasound of extracranial vessels, sphygmography of the common carotid artery (CCA), brain computed tomography, transcranial doppler ultrasound, cycle ergometer stress echocardiography with determination of ICA stenosis hemo­dynamics.

Results. In most (29 (72,5%)) patients of group II, stress test revealed a de­crease in ICA flow, CCA kinetics according to sphygmography compared with group I, as well as a direct correlation between the degree of stenosis and a blood flow decrease. The indicators approached the data of group III patients.

Conclusion. With stenosis of the ICA (40-69%), when a submaximal heart rate (HR) is reached, a functional hemodynamically significant stenosis of the ICA develops. An additional indication for carotid endarterectomy is a combination of 40-69% stenosis and functional hemodynamically significant stenosis when submaximal heart rate is reached. Patients with ICA stenosis (40-69%) require a stress test to assess functional hemodynamically significant stenosis when submaximal heart rate is reached.
Effect of frailty syndrome on the risk of myocardial infarction and atrial fibrillation
Authors: Turusheva A. V. , Kotovskaya Yu. V. , Frolova E. V.
Published: July 2023

Aim. To assess the impact of frailty syndrome (FS) on the risk of myocardial infarction (MI) and atrial fibrillation (AF) in people aged ≥65 years.

Material and methods. A prospective cohort study of a random sample of a free-living population aged ≥65 years (n=611). Measurement of blood pressure, analysis of therapy, chronic comorbidities, laboratory tests, comprehensive geriatric assessment were performed.

Results. FS is associated with an increased risk of MI and AF at 2,5 years of follow-up (odds ratio (OR), 3,195, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1,129-9,042; OR, 1,609, 95% CI, 1,013-2,555, respectively). Additional risk factors for MI and AF were high levels of C-reactive protein, type 2 diabetes, and blood pressure.

Conclusion. FS was one of the risk factors for MI and AF during 2,5-year follow-up. Common pathogenetic mechanisms for FS and cardiovascular disease, such as chronic inflammation and insulin resistance, may explain the increased risk of MI and AF in patients with FS. Hypertension retains significance in increasing the risk of MI in patients with FS, which must be taken into account when prescribing antihypertensive therapy. FS screening can be used to assess the risk of cardio­vascular events in the elderly and senile age.
The Jiminy Advisor: Moral Agreements among Stakeholders Based on Norms and Argumentation
Authors: Liao Beishui , Pardo Pere , Slavkovik Marija , Van der Torre Leendert
Published: July 2023

An autonomous system is constructed by a manufacturer, operates in a society subject to norms and laws, and interacts with end users. All of these actors are stakeholders affected by the behavior of the autonomous system. We address the challenge of how the ethical views of such stakeholders can be integrated in the behavior of an autonomous system. We propose an ethical recommendation component called Jiminy which uses techniques from normative systems and formal argumentation to reach moral agreements among stakeholders. A Jiminy represents the ethical views of each stakeholder by using normative systems, and has three ways of resolving moral dilemmas that involve the opinions of the stakeholders. First, the Jiminy considers how the arguments of the stakeholders relate to one another, which may already resolve the dilemma. Secondly, the Jiminy combines the normative systems of the stakeholders such that the combined expertise of the stakeholders may resolve the dilemma. Thirdly, and only if these two other methods have failed, the Jiminy uses context-sensitive rules to decide which of the stakeholders take preference over the others. At the abstract level, these three methods are characterized by adding arguments, adding attacks between arguments, and revising attacks between arguments. We show how a Jiminy can be used not only for ethical reasoning and collaborative decision-making, but also to provide explanations about ethical behavior.
Seasonal Dynamics of Algoflora Development of the Hyperhaline Kuyalnyk Estuary (North-Western Black Sea Coast, Ukraine)
Authors: Ennan A. A.-A. , Shikhaleyeva G. M. , Tsarenko P. M. , Kiryushkina H.M. , Gerasimyuk V. P.
Published: July 2023

The dynamics of seasonal development of the algal flora from the Kuyalnyk Estuary between 2001-2018 is considered here. A significant spatial heterogeneity was established for the distribution of the aquatic microalgae aquatic habitat for the different growth seasons. The lowest and highest indicators of the number and biomass of microalgae were observed in the
shallow waters of the northern part of the estuary.
Conditions of Diatomites Formation in the Primorye (South of the Russian Far East)
Authors: Avramenko A.S. , Pushkar V. S.
Published: July 2023

The analysis of diatomaceous deposits in the South of the Russian Far East allowed us to determine the taxonomic composition of the diatom flora and assess its qualitative (ecological) and quantitative traits. The obtained data enabled us to identify biofacies associated with the conditions of diatomite formation and reveal the reasons behind it. Possible reasons of high diatom productivity in the Neogene could be: development of a dense system of rivers and lakes; a long
growing season under the conditions of a tropical monsoon climate with mild winters; active volcanic activity, the eruption products of which were the source of materials needed for the formation of valves and supporting the life activity of diatoms.
NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF FLOW THROUGH ABSORBING POROUS MEDIA: PART 2. SWELLING POROUS MEDIA
Authors: Salokhe Shivam , Rahmati Mohammad , Masoodi Ryan
Published: July 2023

In the first part of this two-paper series, published in the Journal of Porous Media in 2021, a novel framework based on the combination of finite volume method and volume of fluid method was proposed to model the flow through absorbing porous media under rigid conditions. The results from the model showed a promising correlation with the experimental and analytical predictions for the wicking height and radius. However, the framework did not include swelling porous media conditions. The swelling effect influences the porosity and permeability of the porous medium considerably, therefore causing errors in the flow front location predictions if the effects are not taken into account in the numerical models. Here, the framework is extended by including the swelling effects. The empirical relation for changes in permeability is included in the existing methodology to include the swelling effects. The predictions from the proposed model showed excellent agreement with the experimental data. The modeling approach is further extended to model the flow through single and multiple layer diaper geometries. The results showed notable patterns of liquid–air interface, demonstrating the ability of the present method to track the flow fronts in combined wicking and draining flow scenarios.
SEARCHING FOR SAFE SPACE: GRADUATE STUDENT VETERANS' UNEVEN PATHWAYS TO STEM CAREERS BY RACE
Authors: Hunt Brittany D. , Lim Jae Hoon
Published: July 2023

As both the student demographics of higher education in the United States and the U.S. military continue to
diversify, the enrollment numbers of student veterans of color are on the rise. And, while higher education
has served as a space of knowledge, community, and self-discovery for many students, it maintains itself as
primarily a space of White hegemony, which has been the cause of persistent difficulties and traumas for
students of color while maintaining comfort and homogeneity for White students. This study focuses on the
identity and relational experiences of three graduate student veterans, one White male, one White female,
and one Black male, in their higher education journey as student veterans. This work examines the ways that the military and higher education provide privileged and normalized spaces of safety and belonging for Whiteness-even if these spaces are more haphazard for White women-while marginalizing Blackness
by posing enormous challenges to Black veterans trying to find a support system on campus.
DEPARTMENT CHAIR ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES IN WOMEN STEM FACULTY CAREER PROGRESSION AND SUCCESS
Authors: Jones Stephanie J. , Pal Patricia Ryan
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this qualitative collective case study was to explore the perceptions and experiences of women faculty in STEM disciplines of the role of their department chair in their career progression and success. Of specific interest in the study were how they described the level of advocacy of department chair in their success and career progression, and how they described the knowledge and actions of their department chair relative to establishing and maintaining a collegial and equitable working environment. The study was framed by a conceptual framework that supports the role of the department chair responsibilities in faculty success. The study settings were two public, large, highest research-intensive universities located in the southern United States. Participants were 20 women STEM faculty. The findings indicated that many of the participants perceived that their department chair lacked sufficient training to advocate for them, did not always understand the differences in experiences between women and men faculty in STEM, nor their role and responsibility for ensuring collegial and equitable working environment. Some participants identified that their department chairs were committed to the work of equity and ensured department collegiality.
Targeting the Complement Pathway in Kidney Transplantation
Authors: Golshayan Dela , Schwotzer Nora , Fakhouri Fadi , Zuber Julien
Published: July 2023

The complement system is paramount in the clearance of pathogens and cell debris, yet is increasingly recognized as a key component in several pathways leading to allograft injury. There is thus a growing interest in new biomarkers to assess complement activation and guide tailored therapies after kidney transplantation (KTx). C5 blockade has revolutionized post-transplant management of atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome, a paradigm of complement-driven disease. Similarly, new drugs targeting the complement amplification loop hold much promise in the treatment and prevention of recurrence of C3 glomerulopathy. Although unduly activation of the complement pathway has been described after brain death and ischemia reperfusion, any clinical attempts to mitigate the ensuing renal insults have so far provided mixed results. However, the intervention timing, strategy, and type of complement blocker need to be optimized in these settings. Furthermore, the fast-moving field of ex vivo organ perfusion technology opens new avenues to deliver complement-targeted drugs to kidney allografts with limited iatrogenic risks. Complement plays also a key role in the pathogenesis of donor-specific ABO- and HLA-targeted alloantibodies. However, C5 blockade failed overall to improve outcomes in highly sensitized patients and prevent the progression to chronic antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR). Similarly, well-conducted studies with C1 inhibitors in sensitized recipients yielded disappointing results so far, in part, because of subtherapeutic dosage used in clinical studies. The emergence of new complement blockers raises hope to significantly reduce the negative effect of ischemia reperfusion, ABMR, and nephropathy recurrence on outcomes after KTx.
La influencia de los estilos educativos parentales en el rendimiento escolar de los hijos
Authors: Gutiérrez González Nerea , Isidro de Pedro Ana Isabel
Published: July 2023

La familia constituye el primer agente educativo y socializador de los niños, de tal forma que el grado y la forma de comunicación, el afecto, el control, las normas, etc. que cada familia ha tenido con sus hijos tendrán consecuencias, directas o indirectas, tanto en su desarrollo como en su integración social. El presente trabajo ahonda en la relación entre los estilos de crianza y la implicación de los padres con el rendimiento académico y el éxito escolar alcanzado por los hijos. En tal sentido, se realiza una investigación empírica de corte cuantitativo con la finalidad de poder examinar y observar cuáles son los factores de los estilos educativos parentales y las conductas reguladoras que influyen en el rendimiento escolar de los hijos. Como instrumento de recogida de datos se ha utilizado un cuestionario ad hoc de elaboración propia, conformado por 27 ítems, que ha sido aplicado sobre una muestra de jóvenes con edades comprendidas entre 18 y 25 años (n=163). Tras el análisis de los datos obtenidos se observa que los factores de control, motivación, afecto, exigencia, provisión de materiales y apoyo que los padres desarrollan sobre el rendimiento escolar de sus hijos parecen, efectivamente, intervenir en el rendimiento escolar de éstos y, por ende, en su éxito académico.
Videogames and the representation of men and women: an international perspective
Authors: Santoniccolo Fabrizio , Trombetta Tommaso , Magliano Alessandro , Paradiso María Noemí , Rollè Luca
Published: July 2023

In the last few decades, videogames have become a mass phenomenon and have progressively carved out an important space in society and culture. Today, they have growing capabilities to reproduce realistic scenarios, and are increasingly used as an artistic medium with significant narrative potential. In this context, players also need to confront with the representation of aspects of the Self, moving and interacting within video games’ parallel worlds. How these aspects are represented in media can be an important influence on a psychological, cultural and social level. Gender representation can be argued to be almost universal in media and reflects real-world beliefs and attitudes. Despite areas of progress, videogames often feature sexist, prejudiced or biased representations of men and women, both from an aesthetical and narrative point of view. This contribution will discuss the role of gender representation in videogames, aiming to summarize the main features and specificities of different portrayals. Specifically, men characters were over represented compared to women characters as a lead both in the narrative and in promotional material, although recent improvements were observed. Portrayals of womenappeared to feature lean-ideal body idealization, sexualization, objectification, as well as reduced agency. Moreover, portrayals of men appeared to feature muscular-ideal body idealization, restrictive emotionality, and the overuse of aggressiveness and assertiveness. These restrictive representations can have harmful consequences in the users’ reality, such as fostering sexist attitudes and beliefs, promoting restrictive gender roles and ideals of appearance, as well as increasing tolerance of violent behaviors. This analysis suggests that reducing stereotypical and sexist representations, promoting diverse and nuanced representations, and efforts for critical engagement with media portrayals may help reduce these negative effects.