bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Power to Carry Out Dawn Raids Under the Digital Markets Act: Nothing More Than a Scarecrow?
Authors: Andersson Helene
Published: November 2024

In recent years, there has been an increased focus among legislators on effective enforcement and a perceived conception that this requires both tough sanctions and powerful investigatory tools. When the European Commission (the Commission) proposes new sectoral legislation, such proposals often include a range of tough enforcement powers. The recently adopted Digital Markets Act (the DMA) is no exception. To the contrary, already the recitals declare that in order to ensure effective implementation and compliance with the regulation, the Commission should have strong investigative and enforcement powers. One of these powers is the power to carry out unannounced inspections, dawn raids.

The dawn raid is a powerful tool often relied on by the Commission in its antitrust investigations. It allows the enforcer to enter the premises of a company—and sometimes also the homes of its employees—to identify and seize documents or data of relevance to its investigation. It is the intrusive character of the dawn raid that makes it so powerful, but this intrusiveness also entails an inherent risk that fundamental rights of those targeted are not properly safeguarded. Taken by surprise and with the officials at your doorstep, you may not be in the best position to safeguard your rights.

This Chapter examines the power to carry out inspections under the DMA and the extent to which the Commission will be able to use it without infringing the fundamental rights of targeted companies. Unlike the antitrust rules, the DMA introduces an intricate monitoring system, requiring targeted companies to demonstrate their compliance with the regulation while at the same time providing the Commission with extensive monitoring powers, allowing it to carry out inspections also in situations where the targeted company is not suspected of any wrongdoing.

Given the strict regulation and supervision of gatekeepers under the DMA—coupled with the Commission’s power to supplement the DMA and add additional obligations on the gatekeepers—it is argued that what on paper appears to be a tool that could be used in a variety of situations, the dawn raid will only be available in a limited number of situations and may then not even be that useful. Instead, it is the threat of a dawn raid that will most likely provide any value to the Commission’s enforcement of the DMA.
A Reading of the Digital Markets Act in the Light of Fundamental Rights
Authors: Neves Inês
Published: November 2024

The Digital Markets Act or DMA is a Regulation of the European Union. It introduces a set of obligations directed at companies designated as ‘gatekeepers’. The DMA aims to ensure contestable and fair markets in the digital sector by protecting business users and end users of core platform services. Non-compliance with the obligations laid down in the DMA can lead to behavioural and structural measures in addition to fines and penalties. The DMA’s enforcement is centralised in the European Commission. Civil liability in the context of private enforcement is not excluded. Although usually read and interpreted through the lens of ‘economic’ competition law and related areas (unfair commercial practices, consumer protection, data protection and privacy), the DMA’s obligations reflect judgements of practical concordance (harmonisation or fair balance) between fundamental rights. Gatekeepers’ freedom to conduct a business is a fundamental right enshrined in Article 16 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union. In the DMA, it is harmonised with various conflicting and colliding rights and interests (including other players’ freedom to conduct a business). The freedom to compete is inherent in the two-fold objective of ensuring contestability and fairness for the markets in the digital sector. Even if the DMA is not competition law, it is a close relative, at least. Balancing conflicting rights and interests must comply with what we call ‘conflicts dogmatic’ and obey the Charter of Fundamental Rights. Although the freedom to conduct a business is a highly capillary right, there is no abstract hierarchy between fundamental rights (or between holders of rights). It is possible to legitimise the DMA without ignoring the freedom to conduct a business as a fundamental right and businesses as fundamental rights holders. The purpose of this text is to uncover the fundamental rights behind the DMA.
Transformation of Public Policy in Ukrainian Book Publishing as a Basis for Resisting Russian Cultural Expansion During and After the War
Authors: Zhenchenko Maryna
Published: November 2024

This paper examines the transformation of public policy to strengthen Ukrainian book publishing and counter Russian cultural influence. Employing a mixed-methods approach, it combines analysis of legislative changes and industry reports with expert interviews involving key stakeholders such as publishers, editors, and government officials.

The findings reveal a discernible trend that has intensified since the Russian invasion in 2014: a decrease in the presence of Russian books in the Ukrainian market and a simultaneous rise in support for Ukrainian publishing. Legislative alterations, including restrictions on importing Russian book products and active promotion of Ukrainian literature, underscore this shift. Moreover, the government has initiated programs to bolster Ukrainian publishers and bookstores. The Ukrainian Book Institute (UBI), a state institution, has received augmented funding for initiatives such as library book replenishment, to enhance the accessibility of Ukrainian literature. Additionally, new industry associations have been established to further professionalize the sector.

Despite these efforts, the publishing industry has been significantly impacted by the ongoing war. The adoption of digitization, particularly through e-books and audiobooks, holds promise for the industry’s future. However, challenges persist, including the absence of a reliable system for collecting data on e-book sales, which impedes informed decision-making.

Crucial tasks for government organizations and the publishing community in post-war reconstruction include bringing state standards for book publishing into line with European legislation; providing state support for the publication and distribution of Ukrainian books (especially e-books and audiobooks), and continuing state programs to promote reading in the Ukrainian language. Additionally, efforts to popularize Ukrainian books globally and promote Ukrainian culture, science, and education through Ukrainian fiction, non-fiction and academic book translation programs are imperative.
Free and Open Spaces: The Global Impact of Ukraine Reconstruction
Authors: Carafano James Jay , Nate Silviu
Published: November 2024

The reconstruction of Ukraine has far-reaching global implications. It presents an opportunity to reshape Eurasia’s geopolitical and economic landscape, potentially rewiring the pathways of worldwide commerce and connectivity. Ukraine’s strategic location makes it a pivotal link in integrating Central Asia, the Caucasus, and Eastern Europe with Western Europe and the broader transatlantic community. Rebuilding Ukraine must be approached not as a traditional foreign aid endeavor but as a private sector-driven economic integration effort. Harnessing global capital and expertise can deliver real growth, in contrast to past schemes of foreign assistance that have failed to sustain Ukraine’s economy.

Crucial prerequisites include developing Ukraine’s domestic defense capabilities, insulating the reconstruction effort from great power competition, and continuing anti-corruption reforms. The reconstruction should not only empower small and medium enterprises and leverage regional companies, but also utilize international private financing for large infrastructure projects, making all stakeholders feel included and valued in this effort.

If successfully implemented, this model could be a game-changer across the post-Soviet space, transforming the Eurasian landscape. It would not only create new trade and investment opportunities and foster greater regional integration and stability but also significantly diminish Russia’s influence, providing a sense of empowerment and security for future geopolitical competition.
Procedural Issues in Compensation Cases: Insights from Court Practice in Ukraine
Authors: Izarova Iryna , Uhrynovska Oksana , Hartman Yuliia
Published: November 2024

This chapter delves into the procedural issues encountered in compensation cases arising from the armed aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine. It highlights the necessity of restoring violated rights through effective legal mechanisms, particularly focusing on compensation for damages via judicial proceedings. The study examines Ukrainian court practices since 2014, aiming to understand social demands and propose efficient dispute resolution methods. Financial constraints initially hindered justice, with victims reluctant to pay court fees. Legislative changes in 2018 exempted plaintiffs from fees in cases against Russia, prompting increased claims. The text categorizes damages into property and moral losses, detailing subtypes such as real estate forfeiture, loss of profits, and forced displacement. It also addresses the legal intricacies of property mobilization during war and the assessment of moral suffering. Moreover, it discusses the government’s efforts to ascertain damages and losses comprehensively. The paper concludes by emphasizing the importance of substantiating claims and aligning legal precedents with principles of fairness and proportionality. Overall, the paper sheds light on the multifaceted challenges and developments in compensatory procedures amid ongoing conflict.
A Square Departure From Symmetry in Matrix Cones
Authors: Bomze Immanuel M. , Dür Mirjam
Published: November 2024

Conic optimization problems are usually understood to be problems over some cone of symmetric matrices like the semidefinite or the copositive matrix cone. In this note, we investigate the changes that have to be made when moving from symmetric to nonsymmetric matrices. We introduce the proper definitions and study the dual of a cone of nonsymmetric matrices. Next, we attempt to generalize the well known concept of cp-rank to nonsymmetric matrices. Finally, we derive some new results on symmetric and nonsymmetric copositive-plus matrices.
Effects of Nicotinamide Mononucleotide on Glucose and Lipid Metabolism in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials
Authors: Chen Feng , Zhou Disheng , Kong Alice Pik-Shan , Yim Nga Ting , Dai Siyu , Chen Yu Nan , Hui Lai Ling
Published: November 2024

Purpose of Review

Supplementation of nicotinamide mononucleotides (NMN) has been claimed to improve metabolic function. We reviewed human randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of NMN to evaluate its effect on markers of glucose and lipid metabolism.

Recent Findings

Eight RCTs on NMN (dosage ranged 250–2000 mg/d for a duration of 14 days to 12 weeks) involving a total of 342 middle-age/older adults (49% females, mainly non-diabetic) reporting at least one outcome on glucose control or lipid profile published in 2021–2023 were reviewed. The random-effects meta-analyses indicated no significant benefit of NMN on fasting glucose, fasting insulin, glycated hemoglobin, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance and lipid profile.

Based on the small number of RCTs involving mainly relatively healthy adults, short-term supplementation of NMN of 250-2000 mg/d did not show significantly positive impacts on glucose control and lipid profile.
What It Means to Be Human: A Response to Harzheim
Authors: Lockhart Ezra N.S.
Published: November 2024

This response engages critically with Harzheim’s review of Thomas Fuchs’ In Defense of the Human Being: Foundational Questions of an Embodied Anthropology. Fuchs’ work offers a profound exploration of embodied cognition, arguing that human cognition and existence are deeply shaped by our physical interactions. Harzheim’s critique highlights significant aspects of Fuchs’ framework, including his critique of functionalist models, the impact of transhumanist technologies, and ethical concerns in healthcare technology. This paper extends Harzheim’s review by proposing an integration of functionalist and embodied cognitive models, emphasizing the need for a comprehensive evaluation of technological impacts, and advocating for a more robust ethical framework that considers social equity. Additionally, it addresses the is-ought distinction and explores the implications of technological advancements on human identity and mental health. Doede’s critique is also discussed, underscoring the importance of integrating diverse cognitive models and addressing technological determinism. Overall, this response calls for a more nuanced and inclusive approach to the discourse on embodied cognition, aiming to enrich the scholarly conversation and address the complexities and implications of Fuchs’ analysis.
The Weight of It All
Authors: Jenkins Makeiva , Tinkler Justine
Published: November 2024

Sociologists often interpret racial differences in help-seeking behavior in the United States as stemming from differences in cultural capital, an implication being that those who hesitate to seek help lack understanding of how important it is for success. In this paper, we draw on the work of W. E. B Du Bois and research on gender and racial stereotypes to show that it is not a lack of understanding about the importance of help-seeking, but rather, Black women’s double consciousness that underlies their reluctance to seek help relative to White women. Through twenty-nine in-depth interviews with Black and White college-aged women, we investigate how they make meaning of two competing ideals: the need to be seen as a strong woman and the need for help and social support. We identify a discourse around gender stereotypes for White participants and intersectional stereotypes for Black participants. Where Black and White women experience a consciousness born out of their marginalization relative to men, comparing how they differently navigate stereotypes about strong women reveals the analytic power of Du Bois’s concept of double consciousness. First, the “veil” reveals the racialized gender stereotypes Black women worry they might confirm by seeking help. Second, Black women’s sense of “twoness” means they more often than White women saw their help-seeking behaviors as reflecting negatively on their broader community. Finally, consistent with Du Bois’s point that “second sight” brings awareness but not liberation, we find that even though Black women were hyperaware of the disadvantages of not seeking help, they tended more often than White women to reach a breaking point before seeking it.
ABCs of base therapy in neonatology: role of acetate, bicarbonate, citrate and lactate
Authors: Dhugga Gagandeep , Sankaran Deepika , Lakshminrusimha Satyan
Published: November 2024

Metabolic acidosis is common in preterm and term newborn infants and may be attributed to a variety of etiologies, potentially requiring base therapy such as acetate or bicarbonate. However, concerns exist regarding potential harm of sodium bicarbonate due to intracellular acidosis, fluctuations in cerebral blood flow, and osmolar load with rapid infusions, with no improvement in survival when used during resuscitation. Alternative approaches to correct metabolic acidosis include the addition of acetate in parenteral nutrition, intravenous lactated Ringer’s (LR) solution, and use of oral citrate. Current guidelines focus on addressing the underlying cause of acidosis, reserving the use of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) for severe cases requiring acute correction, LR instead of saline for volume boluses and using acetate or citrate for slow correction to stabilize acid-base status. Further research is necessary to better understand the efficacy and safety of acetate, NaHCO3, and other base sources in treating metabolic acidosis in neonates.
Genome-wide copy number variation association study in anorexia nervosa
Authors: Walker Alicia , Karlsson Robert , Szatkiewicz Jin P. , Thornton Laura M. , Yilmaz Zeynep , Leppä Virpi M. , Savva Androula , Lin Tian , Sidorenko Julia , McRae Allan , Kirov George , Davies Helena L. , Fundín Bengt T. , Chawner Samuel J. R. A. , Song Jie , Borg Stina , Wen Jia , Watson Hunna J. , Munn-Chernoff Melissa A. , Baker Jessica H. , Gordon Scott , Berrettini Wade H. , Brandt Harry , Crawford Steven , Halmi Katherine A. , Kaplan Allan S. , Kaye Walter H. , Mitchell James , Strober Michael , Woodside D. Blake , Pedersen Nancy L. , Parker Richard , Jordan Jennifer , Kennedy Martin A. , Birgegård Andreas , Landén Mikael , Martin Nicholas G. , Sullivan Patrick F. , Bulik Cynthia M. , Wray Naomi R.
Published: November 2024

This study represents the first large-scale investigation of rare (<1% population frequency) copy number variants (CNVs) in anorexia nervosa (AN). Large, rare CNVs are reported to be causally associated with anthropometric traits, neurodevelopmental disorders, and schizophrenia, yet their role in the genetic basis of AN is unclear. Using genome-wide association study (GWAS) array data from the Anorexia Nervosa Genetics Initiative (ANGI), which included 7414 AN case and 5044 controls, we investigated the association of 67 well-established syndromic CNVs and 178 pleiotropic disease-risk dosage-sensitive CNVs with AN. To identify novel CNV regions (CNVRs) that increase the risk of AN, we conducted genome-wide association studies with a focus on rare CNV-breakpoints (CNV-GWAS). We found no net enrichment of rare CNVs, either deletions or duplications, in AN, and none of the well-established syndromic or pleiotropic CNVs had a significant association with AN status. However, the CNV-GWAS found 21 nominally associated CNVRs that contribute to AN risk, covering protein-coding genes implicated in synaptic function, metabolic/mitochondrial factors, and lipid characteristics, like the CD36 (7q21.11) gene, which transports long-chain fatty acids into cells. CNVRs intersecting genes previously related to neurodevelopmental traits include deletions of NRXN1 intron 5 (2p16.3), IMMP2L (7q31.1), and PTPRD (9p23). Overall, given that our study is well powered to detect the CNV burden level reported for schizophrenia, we can conclude that rare CNVs have a limited role in the etiology of AN, as reported for bipolar disorder. Our nominal associations for the 21 discovered CNVRs are consistent with AN being a metabo-psychiatric trait, as demonstrated by the common genetic architecture of AN, and we provide association results to allow for replication in future research.
Synthesis and application of a multifunctional poly (vinyl pyrrolidone)-based superabsorbent hydrogel for controlled fertilizer release and enhanced water retention in drought-stressed Pisum sativum plants
Authors: Ghobashy Mohamed Mohamady , Amin Mohamed A. , Mustafa Abeer E. , El-diehy Mahmoud A. , El‑Damhougy Basem Kh. , Nady Norhan
Published: November 2024

Water scarcity poses a significant challenge to agricultural production, prompting the development of sustainable technologies to optimize water resource utilization. This study focuses on the synthesis and application of a multifunctional poly (vinylpyrrolidone); PVP-based superabsorbent hydrogel (SAH) for controlled release of essential fertilizers (nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium) and enhanced water retention in soil. The hydrogel was prepared via a facile one-step approach and compared to a control soil without hydrogel amendment. The reaction was initiated in the presence of poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) to produce a PVP-based copolymer hydrogel. The hydrogel was then subjected to a basic treatment using either sodium hydroxide (hydrogel #1) or potassium hydroxide (hydrogel #2). The PVP-based SAH exhibited excellent swelling capacity, water retention, and fertilizer release properties. When applied to Pisum sativum plants under drought stress, the hydrogel significantly improved soil moisture levels, nutrient availability, and plant growth parameters compared to the control. The hydrogel #2-amended plants demonstrated enhanced biomass, chlorophyll content, and photosynthetic efficiency, highlighting the hydrogel’s effectiveness in mitigating the adverse effects of drought stress. These findings demonstrate the potential of the PVP-based SAH as a promising strategy for sustainable agriculture, offering using readily available and inexpensive raw materials, suggesting a relatively low-cost and scalable production process. Furthermore, the hydrogel facilitates water conservation, controlled nutrient delivery, and improved plant performance under drought stress conditions.
Molecular modeling analyses of functionalized cellulose
Authors: Ezzat Hend A. , El‑Sayed Nayera M. , Shehata Dina , Elhaes Hanan , Ibrahim Asmaa , Kalil Haitham , Ibrahim Medhat A. , Yousef Moataz M. , Yahia Ibrahim S. , Zahran Heba Y. , Gomaa Islam
Published: November 2024

Functionalization of cellulose with nanomaterials and functional groups is essential for enhancing its properties for specific applications, such as flexible sensors and printed electronics. This study employs Hartree Fock (HF) and Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations to investigate the vibrational spectra of cellulose, identifying DFT: B3LYP/3–21 g** as the optimal model aligning with experimental spectra. Using this model, we examined the impact of functionalizing cellulose with various groups (OH, NH2, COOH, CH3, CHO, CN, SH) and graphene oxide (GO) on its electronic properties. The results indicate that cellulose functionalized with GO (Cellulose-GO) has the lowest bandgap energy (0.1687 eV), and improvements in reactivity, stability, and electronic properties were confirmed through Molecular Electrostatic Potential (MESP) and Total Dipole Moment (TDM) analyses. The spectrum of Density of States (DOS) for the cellulose functionalized with different groups shows several peaks, indicating various energy levels where electronic states are concentrated. The Projected Density of States (PDOS) analysis reveals how different functional groups affect the electronic structure of cellulose. Moreover, the (Cellulose-GO) composite was characterized using an Attenuated Total Reflection Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectrometer, revealing interaction through the OH group of CH2OH, as indicated by a new band at 1710 cm−1, consistent with theoretical predictions. Overall, this study demonstrates that functionalization with GO enhances cellulose’s responsiveness, degradation, and electrical properties, making it suitable for applications in flexible electronic devices and protective barriers against corrosion.
Rapid and sensitive detection of vanillylmandelic acid based on a luminescent fourteen-metal Tb(iii) planar nanocluster
Authors: Meng Yanheng , Wang Shiqing , Lv Xiaoli , Huang Xianfeng , Zhang Weibin , Wu Xiaojun , Schipper Desmond , Yang Xiaoping
Published: November 2024

A 14-metal Tb(iii) nanocluster was constructed for the quantitative and qualitative detection of vanillylmandelic acid.
A liquid-infiltrated Al2O3 framework electrolyte enables aqueous zinc batteries
Authors: Deng Rongyu , Yuan Yi , Li Zixuan , Robertson Alex W. , Wu Feixiang
Published: November 2024

A liquid-infiltrated Al2O3 framework electrolyte (LIAFE) addresses zinc dendrite growth and side reactions, enabling stable zinc anodes with over 4000 hours of cycling, significantly enhancing the performance of aqueous zinc-ion batteries.
Palladium catalyzed C(sp3)–H alkylation of 8-methylquinolines with aziridines: access to functionalized γ-quinolinylpropylamines
Authors: Sahoo Anita , Paul Tripti , Basak Shubhajit , Punniyamurthy Tharmalingam
Published: November 2024

An intrinsic directing group-assisted site-selective C(sp3)–H alkylation of 8-methylquinolines has been accomplished using readily available aziridines and Pd(ii) catalysis.
Li2NbHO2: a new transition-metal oxyhydride with rock-salt-type structure
Authors: Takeiri Fumitaka , Kusumoto Keiko , Kawai Kosuke , Yaguchi Hiroshi , Saito Takashi , Mori Kazuhiro , Hosokawa Saburo , Okubo Masashi , Kobayashi Genki
Published: November 2024

We successfully synthesized Li2NbHO2, the first example of a rock-salt-type transition-metal oxyhydride. Galvanostatic charge/discharge tests revealed that Li2NbHO2 functions as an electrode for lithium secondary batteries.
A composite of pineapple leaf-derived porous carbon integrated with ZnCo-MOF for high-performance supercapacitors
Authors: Ma Xiaoxiao , Bai Yunfan , Chen Shuangli , He Zhixian , Wu Pingping , Qi Yabing , Zhang Sijing
Published: November 2024

Pineapple leaf-derived biochar (PLB) served as a carrier for ZnCo-MOF in the preparation of ZnCo-MOF@PLB-800. The porous structure of PLB reduced ZnCo-MOF aggregation, enhancing electron transfer and the conductivity of the electrode material.
Magnetic field enhanced discharge and water activation of atmospheric pressure plasma jet: effect of the assistance region and underlying physicochemical mechanism
Authors: Zhou Xiong-Feng , Chen Bin , Liao Hua , Liu Kun
Published: November 2024

Revealing the physiochemical mechanism of the effect of magnetic field-assisted region differences on the preparation of PAW by APPJ.
Enhancement of growth and survival rates in asian redtail catfish (Hemibagrus nemurus CV) larvae with probiotic soaking technique
Authors: Sukendi Sukendi , Manda Putra Ridwan , Efriyeldi  , Andriani Delvira , Cahya Fitri Sabilah Triani
Published: November 2024

One of the freshwater fish commodity has a high economic value is Asian redtail catfish. However, the Asian redtail catfish growth relatively slow between larvae stage until fry stage. The solutions for this problem is giving probiotics that can be increase the growth of fish larvae. The aimed to analyse the effect of immersion on Asian redtail catfish larvae in probiotics to improve growth and survival rate. This study was conducted between May until July 2024 at the Laboratory of Fish Hatchery and Breeding, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine, Riau University. This study used a completely randomized design with immersion treatment using the probiotics trademark raja siam at different dose, namely 0 ml/L, 1.5 ml/L, 2.0 ml/L, and 2.5 ml/L. Based the results of study shown that the best dose of immersion on Asian redtail catfish larvae using probiotics was in 2.5 ml/L, the absolute weight growth at 9.7818 g, absolute length growth at 9.03 cm, specific growth rate at 11.91%/day, cannibalism type A, B were 2.00%, 0.00%, cannibalism index 2.00%, normal mortality 5.33% and survival rate 92.67%.
Post-harvest processing practices of small-scale fisherfolk from Rosario, Cavite, Philippines: Physicochemical and microbiological properties of tuyo
Authors: Ching Abigail Ann Alano , Luna Myrna Benita Zamora , Ragaza Janice Alano
Published: November 2024

Dried, salted fish (Sardinella spp.), locally known as tuyo, is a Filipino food staple. Pandawan fisherfolk consider tuyo processing as their main source of livelihood. This study determined the relation of post-harvest practices with the physicochemical and microbiological quality of tuyo. Tuyo processing involves receiving, washing, salting, rinsing, sun-drying, pressing, cooling, and packaging. Although the documented tuyo processing complied with the code of practice, processors needed to follow Good Manufacturing Practices. Moreover, tuyo had lower salt content (7.77–9.08 %NaCl), higher water activity (0.79–0.81), and aerobic plate count (7.82– 8.36 log CFU/g) compared to national standards. Its yeast and mold count (3.58–3.66 log CFU/g) and histamine levels (134–141 ppm) were elevated but within the standard. The final product characteristics may be attributed to GMP non-compliance and high raw fish (aerobic plate count: 6.59–6.69 log CFU/g) and process water (heterotrophic plate count: 10.43 log CFU/mL, total coliform count: >3.20 log MPN/mL, and fecal coliform count: >3.20 log MPN/mL) microbial load. The lack of appropriate fish processing facilities and training programs impedes improving the safety and quality of tuyo. Continuous local government support would aid in ameliorating tuyo, ensuring the production of safe and sustainable foods.
Production of pro coffee as healthy coffee with the addition of bacillus cereus bacteria
Authors: Feliatra Feli , Mardhiah Batubara Ummi , Nursyirwani Nursyirwani , Amalia Soekarno Anisah , Aisya Feliatra Pamela
Published: November 2024

Pro coffee is one of the coffee drinks enriched with Bacillus cereus bacterial consortium. The bacterial consortium is a rich single-cell protein. This study aimed to determine the best formula from the organoleptic aspect includes smell, taste, colour, and texture as well as proximate analysis. The method used was experimental by using complete random design (CRD) with a series of tests: organoleptic to 20 respondents, and proximate analysis. With 5 levels, such as the addition of 0% (P0), 1% (P1), 3% (P2) and 5% (P3) with a fermentation period of 0, 7 and 15 days. The results showed that the formulation that had the best organoleptic was P3 (5% bacterial consortium of B. cereus) for 15 days. The highest and the lowest of total protein content was also in P3 (13.11%) and P0 (12.25%), respectively. The addition of B. cereus suspension increased the protein content of pro coffee.
Seawater quality parameters in the mangrove conservation area of Bukit Batu District, Bengkalis Regency, Riau Province
Authors: Yoswaty Dessy , Siregar Yusni Ikhwan , Mubarak  , Efriyeldi  , Kurniawan Ronal , Oktavian Rizki , Ismet Gifalck , Maulana Alfito
Published: November 2024

Seawater quality parameters is very important in supporting the growth of mangrove forest in Bukit Batu District. The purpose of this study was to analyse seawater quality parameters in the mangrove conservation area of Bukit Batu District. The research method is a survey method. Seawater samples measured in situ. Sediment samples were obtained from the coastal, namely ST I (Pangkalan Jambi Village), ST II (Pakning Asal Village) and ST III (Buruk Bakul Village). The study was conducted from May-July 2024. This study was conducted by purposive sampling, analysis of seawater quality parameters, total organic matter and C percentage of organic sediment based on Loss on Ignition. Seawater quality parameters showed that pH ranges between 6,68-6,92; temperature 27-31°C; salinity 22-25 ppt; brightness 45-57 cm; and DO 5,4-6,8 mg/L. The results showed that highest average percentage of sediment organic matter was found in ST III at 16,32±6,83%, followed by ST II at 6,90±3,77% and ST I at 6,02±1,07%. The highest C percentage content of organic sediments was found in ST III at 9,47±3,96%. The quality of seawater in Bukit Batu District is still favorable for mangrove forest growth.
Empowerment of Sederhana Farmer Groups Through the Use of Organic Pelet Fertilizer on Chili Plants on Coastal Land
Authors: Susanawati  , Mulyono  , Risvansuna Francy , Hariyono
Published: November 2024

The problem is that coastal land has different characteristics from rice fields, so the organic fertilizer used must be appropriate. Alternative solutions offered to overcome this problem include counseling and FGD on organic fertilizer in the form of pellets and how to make it. Another solution is training and demonstrations on the introduction of pellet printing machine technology, as well as its application to chili plantson sandy land and analysis of farming. The output target of this program is increasing partners’ knowledge and skills as a result of outreach, training and demonstrations. The method or activity plan proposed to achieve thistarget is Focus Group Discussion carried out by gathering strategic target audiences, namely simple farmer groups to take part in counseling, lectures and discussions. Demonstrations on making organic pellet fertilizer and its application on chili plants through demonstration plot. Analysis of coastal land chili farming using organic pellet fertilizer. There are 18% of farmers whose change in knowledge is in the high category, 55% of farmers are in the medium category, and 27% are in the low category. The demonstration plot results showed that by using organic pellet fertilizer around 12% of chili plants died. Meanwhile, chili plants planted conventionally without using organic pellet fertilizer resulted in the number of chili plants dying as much as 30%.
Oral Health Problems Among Indonesian Moslem in Germany: A Survey and Analysis
Authors: Sofiani Erma , Kurniasih Indri , Suhartininingtyas Dwi , Sugianto Rizky , Maharani
Published: November 2024

According to the 2018 basic health study, the incidence of dental and oral problems in Indonesia remains high at 65.59%, with 72.09% among those aged 35 to 44. Oral and dental problems are typically handled with doctor-prescribed medicine or on their own, whereas fillings, tartar cleaning, and tooth extraction remain uncommon. The study aims to better understand Indonesian dental problems in Germany. Method. Muslims got dental and oral health education, followed by Googleform surveys and descriptive data analysis. The questionnaire started with a Cronbach alpha 0,817 validity and reability test. Result.According to the report, 69% of Indonesians in Germany aged 21 to 30 had a high degree of education. In terms of lifestyle, 89% consume sweetened beverages 1-2 times per week, while 91% and 86% rarely drink or smoke. Most German Muslims brush their teeth twice a day (73%), and 52% go to the dentist for dental and coral clearing. 84.4% of cases were related to teeth and gums, namely bleeding. Conclusion.The majority of people complained about dental and oral problems, which raised awareness about the importance of regular dental care and examination.
Modification of Curcuma Herbal Honey and Elderly Exercises as an Effort to Improve the Health of Elderly Patients Participating in the Prolanis Program
Authors: Hidayati Titiek , Indrayanti  , Pratiwi Adinda Aning , Akrom  , Andiyanti Kriessita
Published: November 2024

In 2020, Indonesia has the third largest elderly population in the world. The high number of elderly people (seniors) is directly proportional to the problems faced by the elderly which can cause several health problems. Diseases that are often experienced by the elderly group include degenerative diseases, hypertension and diabetes, which have high cases which can reduce their current standard of living. According to the Central Agency of Statistics (BPS), most elderly people do not undergo disease treatment, one of the risk factors being concerns about consuming chemical drugs in the long term. Using herbal honey is one solution that can be used to maintain the health of the elderly. Herbal ingredients are ingredients derived from plants, plant extracts that humans use to influence their health. Curcuma is a herbal ingredient that contains anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. The aim of this research is to find out how to use ginger herbal honey to improve the health of the elderly. The research methodology uses a quasi-experimental design and provides educational interventions with survey pre-test and post-test. A total of 41 elderly people were given educational exposure and filled out pre-test questionnaires post- test and hedonic test for 11 panelists. Statistical results show thatp-value 0,000 <0,05, on knowledge and behavior variables. This shows that the group of elderly people with hypertension at the Kasihan I Community Health Center had a significant increase in knowledge and behavior regarding health using herbal ingredients. According to the panelists, the most popular taste test results were the preparation of herbal honey with milk. In conclusion, education can improve the knowledge and behavior of the elderly and a taste test of herbal medicine that can be preferred is a preparation of herbal honey mixed with milk.
Implementation of Solar Street Lighting for Empowering Rural Communities
Authors: Abdullah Ahmad Zaidi , Azizan Nurhafiza , Bohari Zulhasrizal
Published: November 2024

The integration of renewable energy solutions in humanitarian projects addresses the challenges faced by underserved communities. This paper explores the design and implementation of solar street lighting systems for humanitarian efforts, aiming to enhance safety, extend productive hours, and improve quality of life. We analyze lighting needs in various contexts, such as refugee camps and rural villages, focusing on appropriate solar technologies, optimal placement, and environmental resilience. The implementation strategy includes community engagement, local maintenance training, and partnerships for sustainability. Case studies from Sub-Saharan Africa and Southeast Asia highlight practical challenges and innovative solutions, showing significant improvements in safety, economic activities, and social well-being. Recommendations for policymakers, engineers, and humanitarian workers emphasize best practices for deploying solar street lighting, underscoring renewable energy’s potential to boost sustainable development and humanitarian impact.
Revitalizing the Landscape and Siteplan Design of Semoyo Herbal Edupark in Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta: Enhancing for the Initial Stage of Construction Process
Authors: Nursetiawan  , Nugroho Guntur , Utomo Nuraji Wiwit , Utami Fanny Periamaya
Published: November 2024

The development of a tourist destination necessitates collaborative efforts involving the government, local communities, and third-party entities to create a sustainable and appealing environment. The Semoyo Herbal Edupark (Hermoyo) has been initiated to be developed as a tourism destination in Yogyakarta. Consequently, a community engagement initiative and the revitalization of the landscape and site plan have been instituted to enhance progress and commence the infrastructure construction stage. Rooted in nature-based landscape architecture and local architectural expertise, this approach transcends mere visual aesthetics to cultivate environments that are sustainable, functional, and culturally significant to the resident communities. By integrating natural principles with local cultural values, landscape architecture design exemplifies profound engagement with the surrounding environment and cultural heritage, thus fostering a deeper connection between individuals and their surroundings.
Introduction of Built-In Stacked Bucket Composter to Support the Farming Practices in Community Garden of Kg Rinching Hulu (Selangor, Malaysia)
Authors: Aisyah Siti Nur , Aini Lis Noer , Mulyono  , Balasundram Siva K.
Published: November 2024

Malaysia uses the approach of community garden-based urban farming to build the community awareness about the importance of food resilience, including in Selangor Region. However, most of these community gardens were struggling with the low availability of organic fertilizer due to the low efficacy of organic waste composting. This issue also occurred in Kg Rinching Hulu Community Garden. Therefore, this program was aimed to supervise the local community in Kg Rinching Hulu in making and using the built-in stacked bucket composter for better composting efficacy. This community empowerment program involved 28 members of Kg Rinching Hulu Community Garden (aged ranging from 20- 70 years old) and carried out using the experiential learning method through participatory approach. It started with focus group discussion and followed by the practical supervision on the making of built-in stacked bucket composter. Subsequent supervision was focused on performing the composting of municipal waste using the stacked bucket composter. Overall, this program has successfully promoted better technical experience related to municipal waste composting using stacked bucket composter. The introduction of this composter concept was highly approved by the members based on their feedback on the level of technical difficulty.
The Influence of Clove Leaf Size Variations on the Characteristics of Clove Leaf Essential Oil Production
Authors: Raharjo  , Caroko Novi , Angga Sutopo Tegar
Published: November 2024

Clove leaves are waste products from clove plantations in Kulon Progo, Yogyakarta. Most clove utilization is limited to the buds, while clove leaves have the potential to be a source of essential oil. Essential oil from clove leaves can be extracted using steam-water distillation. One factor influencing the characteristics of clove leaf essential oil production is the variation in material size. In this study, essential oil extraction was conducted using the steam-water distillation method with different clove leaf sizes, namely 2 cm, 3 cm, 4 cm, and 5 cm. The differences in clove leaf size were intended to determine the most suitable leaf size for extraction using the steam-water distillation method. This study showed that a clove leaf size of 2 cm produced a volume and yield of clove leaf oil of 53.5 ml and 5.45%, respectively. The density value of clove leaf oil obtained from this study was 1.019 grams/mL. The clove leaf oil produced was clear yellowish and had the characteristic aroma of clove oil. These criteria meet SNI 06-2378-2006 for clove leaf oil.
Cooking Oil Waste Management for Safety and Benefit
Authors: Setiawan Agus Nugroho , Wijayanti Septi Nur , Haresmita Perdana Priya
Published: November 2024

Used cooking oil (UCO) is household waste almost always produced daily. If consumed continuously, it can harm the body and trigger various diseases. Used cooking oil problems also occur in households in Turi District, Sleman. The program aims to improve knowledge and skills in using used cooking oil waste to create more valuable goods, with target partners of the ‘Aisyiyah Branch Leadership (PRA) Donokerto I, Turi, with 30 participants. Community service is carried out through several methods, namely socialization, extension courses, demonstrations, training, practice, and mentoring. Evaluation is carried out during and after activities, with pre-tests and post-tests, and the products produced are assessed. Community service increased the knowledge and skills of ‘Aisyiyah’s members in managing used cooking oil to turn it into more valuable goods. The participation rate of participants in various activities reached 90%. The knowledge of ‘Aisyiyah members about the dangers of using cooking oil, based on the results of the pre-test and post-test, increased from a score of 67 to 83 (on a scale of 100), and most participants (90%) stated that they would change the pattern of used cooking oil management from what was previously only thrown away to be processed into aromatic candles and hand soap.
Mutual shielding of neutron activation foils
Authors: Ippel Ernst , Paardekooper Adri , Metz Bert , Bolderink Gregor
Published: November 2024

For decommissioning purposes, stacks of foils are used in order to determine the neutron fluence rates in reactor buildings. Due to the relatively great thickness of these foils, self-shielding, as well as mutual shielding become significant for these stacks. In this paper, the results of Monte Carlo calculations are presented for the self-shielding of single foils, and also for the mutual shielding of foils in a stack. Because the irradiation geometry in a reactor building at a large distance from the reactor core is probably not isotropic, especially not so for neutrons of higher energy, the shielding effects were calculated for both isotropic and mono-directional irradiation geometries. The results obtained show a number of general trends which can be understood with a few rules of thumb.
The fast neutron fluence and the activation monitor activity calculations using fine multigroup and continuous nuclear data
Authors: Lovecký Martin , Tušlová Pavlína , Smutný Vladimír
Published: November 2024

The fast neutron fluence and the activation monitor activities are routinely calculated with TORT deterministic code and BUGLE-B7 nuclear data library with 47 broad energy groups. The objective of the paper is to analyse options to improve reactor dosimetry transport calculations. There are two paths to improve reactor dosimetry calculations. Increasing geometry, angular and energy mesh size is applicable for TORT code while using newer nuclear data libraries is relevant for both deterministic and Monte Carlo codes. Two new calculation options (improved TORT and Monte Carlo MCNP6) were compared with the standard TORT calculation for VVER-440 Dukovany Unit 3 Cycle 31. The fast neutron fluence with 0.5 MeV threshold as well as activity of Fe. Ni, Ti, Cu. Mn and Nb monitors were evaluated. Standard TORT calculations were improved from S16P3 to S30P3 with three times finer axial mesh size. 120° core symmetry r-ϑ mesh size with 0.5° step and fine multigroup libraries VUAMIN-B7 with 199 neutron energy groups and ENDF/B-VH.1 with 200 neutron energy groups. Both ENDFB and IRDFF activation cross sections were used. The drawback of expanded mesh size is raised calculation runtime since TORT deterministic code is not parallelized and one calculation can require multiple weeks of CPU time. An alternative option of using MCNP6 Monte Carlo code with continuous ENDF/B-VH.1 nuclear data with detailed 3-D geometry and pin-wise effective neutron source prepared by MOBY-DICK diffusion code reactor analysis wras explored. It was found that using finer mesh size affects reactor dosimetry’ tallies less than the choice of nuclear data library. BUGLE-B7 and VTTAMIN-B7 produce results typically within 1% difference. ENDF/B-VH.1 calculations with 200 neutron energy’ groups with TORT code are even in better agreement with MCNP6 calculations with continuous nuclear data libraries. The largest differences of around 2% were observed between VTTAMIN-B7 library based onENDFB-VH.O nuclear data and ENDF/B-VH.1 library. Nuclear data library’ has larger impact on the results with up to 7 % difference between all 0.5 MeV fast neutron fluence calculations. The largest intact of nuclear data was observed for Mn(n.2n) monitor.
Ex-core neutron exposure monitoring and reactor internals aging management at Ringhals
Authors: Fischer Greg , Roudén Jenny , Blomström Johan , Smith Sylena
Published: November 2024

This paper discusses the management of plant aging at the Ringhals Units 3 and 4 nuclear power plants and provides a summary of its extensive database of reactor dosimetry comparisons. Key exposure quantities of interest for reactor internals component aging evaluations are described compared to a similar plant with more typical fuel management practices. Finally, the incorporation of Ringhals exposure results into downstream thermal-mechanical calculations for Units 3 and 4 is described, as well as the relationship of these results to the reactor internals component inspection regime at Ringhals.