bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Étude et enseignement des langues elfiques inventées par J.R.R. Tolkien
Authors: Bador Damien
Published: July 2022

J.R.R. Tolkien a souvent soutenu que son travail était « d’inspiration fondamentalement linguistique ». En effet, les langues jouent un rôle important dans l’univers qu’il a créé, par-delà les besoins du récit. Cependant, Tolkien n’a jamais cessé de perfectionner ses deux principales langues elfiques, le quenya et le sindarin, et n’a jamais produit une grammaire définitive pour l’une d’entre elles. Cela n’a pas empêché les passionnés d’étudier les phrases et les manuscrits elfiques afin de comprendre ou même d’utiliser les langues elfiques. Cet article examine les défis spécifiques liés à l’étude et à l’enseignement des langues inventées par Tolkien. Il fait référence à la plupart des grammaires publiées et illustre les différentes approches qu’elles adoptent. Il aboutit à tablie entre les langues naturelles et artificielles.
PENGARUH MODEL KOOPERATIF TIPE TWO STAY TWO STRAY TERHADAP KETERAMPILAN KOMUNIKASI SISWA
Authors: Mulatsih Indah , Hairida Hairida , Lestari Ira
Published: July 2022

This study aims to determine whether there is any difference in the communication skills of students who use the cooperative model of type Two Stay Two Stray (TSTS) with students who use the conventional model and how much influence the communication skills of students using cooperative model type Two Stay Two Stray (TSTS) with students which uses the conventional model. The method used is pre-experimental design with Intact draft-Group Comparison. Samples were students of class XI SMA Muhammadiyah 2 Pontianak MIA. The results of the data analysis assessment of communication skills of students in the experimental class and control class using testIndependent Samples T-test, shows the differences in communication skills between classes that use the cooperative model of type Two Stay Two Stray (TSTS) and class that uses the conventional model. The results were obtained, there is a difference in communication skills of students who use the cooperative model of type Two Stay Two Stray (TSTS) with students using conventional models. Based on the calculation, the results indicate that the influence of cooperative learning type Two Stay Two Stray against the communication skills of students at 51.6%.
EFEKTIVITAS PENGGUNAAN LKPD BERBASIS REFUTATION TEXT DALAM MEREMEDIASI MISKONSEPSI SISWA PADA MATERI SENYAWA HIDROKARBON
Authors: Barasbanyu Gilbert Dwi , Enawaty Eny , Hadi Lukman
Published: July 2022

This aims of this research is to determine whither there is a significant difference at of achievement between students before and after learning using refutation text based worksheet ant to effectiveness refutation text based worksheet on reducing misconceptions on topic hydrocarbon. The form of research used was pre-experimental with a one-group pretest-posttest research design. Samples were taken from class XI MIPA 4 which consisting of twenty nine students through purposive sampling technique. Data were collected using multiple choice diagnostic test with three alternative answers and three alternative reasons consisting of 15 questions. Acoarding to analusis, there is a differences in achievement between students were tested using the Wilcoxon test and an Pvalue who less the 0,000 which meant there was a significant difference. Acoarding to propotions test the effectiveness score 0,61 which was as category medium. Acoarding to analysis, there was a decrease in the percentage of students' concept errors by 47.4%. Conclude there is a significant different of achievement before and after remediation with medium effectiveness. Keywords: Effectiveness, Hydrocarbon Compounds, LKPD, Misconception, Refutation Text, Remediation
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS PROYEK BERBANTUAN ARTIKEL TERHADAP MINAT MENULIS DAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA
Authors: Sianipar Noni Romaito
Published: July 2022

This study aims was determine the level of eligibility of Project Based Student Sheets (LKPD) on Electrolyte and Non-Electrolyte Solution Materials which are developed based on the results of expert assessments and students' responses based on the results of field trials. This form of research and development (R&D) adopts the Borg and Gall development model. The subjects of this study were project-based LKPD which were tested on 15 students in the initial field trials and 34 students in the main field trials, all of which were grade X students of SMA Muhammadiyah 1 Pontianak. Data collection instruments used were the questionnaire of eligibility and student questionnaire responses. The results of data processing showed that the LKPD that was developed was very feasible to use in learning in terms of the percentage of content, presentation, language and graphics worthiness of 94.4%; 97.8%; 86; and 83.9%. The results of the calculation of the percentage of questionnaire responses of students in the initial field trials was 81.7% and in the main field trials was 82.6%. This shows that the students' response to the Project Based LKPD on Electrolyte and Non-Electrolyte Solution Materials is included in the very high category.Keyword : LKPD, project based learning and Electrolyte and Non-Electrolyte Solution
Impacto de la identidad cultural en la formación de los estudiantes de profesionalización
Authors: Crespo Asqui Jeferson Dario , Diaz Quichimbo Danilo Marcelo , Toapanta Viracocha Karina Marisol
Published: July 2022

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo analizar el impacto de la identidad cultural en la formación de los estudiantes del séptimo ciclo de Educación Intercultural Bilingüe a Distancia, de la UNAE en el Centro de Apoyo de Macas - Morona Santiago. Se empleó un paradigma socio-crítico que se centra en el estudio de una realidad; el tipo de investigación es descriptiva, se apoyó del método de investigación acción, se utilizaron cómo técnicas: la encuesta, la observación y como instrumentos: el cuestionario y la lista de cotejo. Como pregunta de investigación se planteó: ¿Cómo incide la aculturación en la identidad cultural de los estudiantes del séptimo ciclo? Los resultados evidenciaron la falta de utilización de la lengua materna, de los recursos del medio, el diálogo de los saberes ancestrales y de esa forma la pérdida de la identidad cultural. Se concluyó que existen procesos de aculturación en la formación de los estudiantes y que inciden de manera negativa en la valoración de la cultura, por lo tanto, se requiere el compromiso y apoyo de todos los actores educativos, en la construcción de una sociedad con respeto a las identidades culturales.
Long Story Short: Donor Set Symmetry in Eu(DOTA) Crystals Determines the Electronic Structure
Authors: Storm Thomsen Maria , Andersen Helene O B , Sørensen Thomas Just
Published: July 2022

Lanthanide complexes of 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid DOTA have been studied in great detail due to their use as MRI contrast agents. Since the first report from Desreux in 1980, the Ln.DOTA complexes of gadolium(III) in particular have been thouroughly investigated. The forms of the nine-coordinated [Ln(DOTA)(H2O)]- complexes are well known, and the ligand backbone has been used extensively to create functional MRI contrast agents, luminescent probes, and as a model system for studying the properties of lanthanide(III) ions. In solution, the photophysical properties have been mapped, but as the structures are not known, direct structure property relationships have not been created. Here, the electronic properties of two Eu.DOTA compounds (1 and 2) and a Eu.DOTA-like compound (3) were studied using single-crystal luminescence spectroscopy. The donor set in the three compounds is identical (4N 4O 1O), and using the symmetry deviation value σideal it was shown that the coordination geomtry is close to identical. Nevertheless, the electronic properties evaluted using the luminescece spectrum was found to differ significantly between the three compounds. The magnitude of the crystal field splitting was found not to scale with the symmetry of the coordination geometry. It was concluded that the donor set dictates the splitting, yet the structure-property relationships governing the electronic properties of europium(III) ions still elude us.
Electronic Energy Levels and Optical Transitions in Samarium(III) Solvates
Authors: Mortensen Sabina Svava , Nielsen Malthe Asmus Marciniak , Nawrocki Patrick R , Sørensen Thomas Just
Published: July 2022

Lanthanide luminescence fascinates with complicated electronic structure and ’forbidden’ transitions. By studying the photophysics of lanthanide(III) solvates, a close to ideal average coordination geometry can be used to map both electronic energy levels and transition probabilities. Some lanthanide(III) ions are simpler to study than others, and samarium(III) belongs to the more difficult ones. The 4f5 system has numerous absorption and emission lines in the visible and infrared part of the spectrum, and in this work the energy levels giving rise to these transitions were mapped, the transition probability between them was calculated, and it was shown that the electronic structure of the samarium(III) solvates in DMSO, MeOH and water are different.
Thermal Transport in Citrate-Capped Gold Interfaces using a Polarizable Force Field
Authors: Shavalier Sydney A. , Gezelter J. Daniel
Published: July 2022

The interfacial thermal conductance from solvated gold nanostructures capped with sodium citrate was determined using reverse nonequilibrium molecular dynamics (RNEMD) methods. The surfaces of spherical nanoparticles and the (111) surfaces of fcc gold slabs were modeled using the density readjusting embedded atom method (DR-EAM) as well as with the standard embedded atom method (EAM), and the effects of polarizability on the binding preferences of citrate were determined. We find that the binding configurations of citrate depend significantly on gold surface curvature and are not strongly influenced by surface polarizability. The interfacial thermal conductance was also determined for the spherical nanoparticles and (111) surfaces, and we find that applying DR-EAM increases the interfacial thermal conductance for systems with spherical nanoparticles much more sharply than for systems with (111) surfaces. Through analysis of excess charge density near the interface, we find that inclusion of polarizability has a larger impact on image charge creation in nanospheres than it does for the planar (111) interfaces. This effectively increases the interaction strength to polar species in the solvent, yielding larger interfacial thermal conductance estimates for the nanospheres.
Identification and Characterization of Designer Phencyclidines (PCPs) in Forensic Casework
Authors: Sisco Edward , Urbas Aaron
Published: July 2022

With the sustained prevalence and introduction of new emerging drugs throughout the world there is a need for continued development and maintenance of platforms that enable rapid identification and characterization of unknown compounds. To complement existing efforts, a collaborative platform between the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and practicing forensic agencies is being deployed which enables laboratories to leverage techniques and expertise that may not exist at their facilities. Using this approach, unknown compounds are identified and characterized using a suite of analytical tools to obtain (1) a rapid preliminary identification followed by (2) a more complete characterization and confirmation of the preliminary identification. To demonstrate this platform, the characterization of three previously unreported analogs of phencyclidine (PCP) are described. A preliminary identification of the three substances was obtained using direct analysis in real time mass spectrometry (DART-MS) with confirmation by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and gas chromatography flame ionization detection (GC-FID).
Controlling the Separation of Native Proteins With Temperature in Thermal Gel Transient Isotachophoresis
Authors: Peli Thanthri Shakila , Linz Thomas
Published: July 2022

Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) is a ubiquitous technique used in biochemical research laboratories to characterize protein samples. Despite its popularity, PAGE is relatively slow and provides limited separation resolution, especially for native proteins. This report describes the development of a microfluidic thermal gel transient isotachophoresis (TG-tITP) method to rapidly separate native proteins with high resolution. Thermal gels were employed as a separations matrix because of their unique ability to change viscosity in response to temperature. Proteins (6–464 kDa) were added into thermal gel and loaded into a microfluidic device. Electrolyte optimization was conducted to achieve robust tITP to isotachophoretically preconcentrate proteins and then electrophoretically separate them. Electropherograms were collected through both time and distance to enable both small and large proteins to be measured within a single analysis. The effects of temperature were evaluated and found to exhibit a pronounced effect on the separation. Temperature gradients were then employed to alter thermal gel viscosity over time to maximize separation resolution between proteins. The results herein demonstrate how gradient TG-tITP achieves rapid, high-resolution separations of native proteins over a wide mass range while requiring significantly less protein loading than PAGE and providing faster analysis times.
aDim-aDmoc Protection for ODN Synthesis Allows Deprotection under Non-nucleophilic and Nearly Neutral Conditions
Authors: Chillar Komal , Eriyagama Adikari , Yin Yipeng , Shahsavari Shahien , Halami Bhaskar , Apostle Alexander , Fang Shiyue
Published: July 2022

Over a hundred non-canonical nucleotides have been found in DNA and RNA. Many of these modified nucleotides are sensitive toward nucleophiles and bases. Because known solid phase DNA and RNA synthesis technologies require strongly nucleophilic and basic conditions for deprotection and cleavage, there is no technology for the synthesis of DNAs and RNAs containing these sensitive nucleotides. The Dim-Dmoc technology has been developed to overcome the challenge. With Dim-Dmoc protection, oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) deprotection has be achieved with sodium periodate oxidation followed by β-elimination induced by the weak base aniline. Some sensitive groups have been shown to be stable under the deprotection conditions. Besides serving as a base, aniline also serves as a nucleophilic scavenger for the side products of Dim-Dmoc deprotection, which prevents the side products from reacting with the deprotected ODN. For this reason, excess aniline is needed. In this article, we report the use of alkyl Dim (aDim) and alkyl Dmoc (aDmoc) protecting groups for ODN synthesis. With aDim-aDmoc protection, deprotection is demonstrated to be achievable with sodium periodate oxidation followed by the non-nucleophilic base potassium carbonate at pH 8. No scavenger for the side products of deprotection is needed. Over 10 ODNs with length ranging from 10-mer to 23-mer were synthesized, and importantly, the ODNs could be easily purified with RP HPLC. It was further demonstrated that the highly sensitive N4-acetylcytidine nucleoside could survive the oxidative deprotection conditions, and ODNs containing this sensitive nucleotide could be readily synthesized and purified without the need of any special cautions. Work on extending the method for the synthesis of sensitive RNAs such as those containing the biologically important ac4C is in progress.
In silico predictions of NADPH oxidase binding properties of selected flavonoids - Protective role in arsenic induced neurotoxicity
Authors: Rupasree Peruru
Published: July 2022

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STAT3 in tumor fibroblasts promotes an immunosuppressive microenvironment in pancreatic cancer
Authors: Lefler Julia E , MarElia-Bennett Catherine B , Thies Katie A , Hildreth Blake E , Sharma Sudarshana M , Pitarresi Jason R , Han Lu , Everett Caroline , Koivisto Christopher , Cuitino Maria C , Timmers Cynthia D , O’Quinn Elizabeth , Parrish Melodie , Romeo Martin J , Linke Amanda J , Hobbs G Aaron , Leone Gustavo , Guttridge Denis C , Zimmers Teresa A , Lesinski Gregory B , Ostrowski Michael C
Published: July 2022

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is associated with an incredibly dense stroma, which contributes to its recalcitrance to therapy. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are one of the most abundant cell types within the PDAC stroma and have context-dependent regulation of tumor progression in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Therefore, understanding tumor-promoting pathways in CAFs is essential for developing better stromal targeting therapies. Here, we show that disruption of the STAT3 signaling axis via genetic ablation ofStat3in stromal fibroblasts in aKrasG12DPDAC mouse model not only slows tumor progression and increases survival, but re-shapes the characteristic immune-suppressive TME by decreasing M2 macrophages (F480+CD206+) and increasing CD8+T cells. Mechanistically, we show that loss of the tumor suppressor PTEN in pancreatic CAFs leads to an increase in STAT3 phosphorylation. In addition, increased STAT3 phosphorylation in pancreatic CAFs promotes secretion of CXCL1. Inhibition of CXCL1 signaling inhibits M2 polarization in vitro. The results provide a potential mechanism by which CAFs promote an immune-suppressive TME and promote tumor progression in a spontaneous model of PDAC.
KIF24 depletion induces clustering of supernumerary centrosomes in PDAC cells
Authors: Mashima Yu , Nohira Hayato , Sugihara Hiroki , Dynlacht Brian David , Kobayashi Tetsuo , Itoh Hiroshi
Published: July 2022

Clustering of supernumerary centrosomes, which potentially leads to cell survival and chromosomal instability, is frequently observed in cancers. However, the molecular mechanisms that control centrosome clustering remain largely unknown. The centrosomal kinesin KIF24 was previously shown to restrain the assembly of primary cilia in mammalian cells. Here, we revealed that KIF24 depletion suppresses multipolar spindle formation by clustering centrosomes in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cells harboring supernumerary centrosomes. KIF24 depletion also induced hyper-proliferation and improved mitotic progression in PDAC cells. In contrast, disruption of primary cilia failed to affect the proliferation and spindle formation in KIF24-depleted cells. These results suggest a novel role for KIF24 in suppressing centrosome clustering independent of primary ciliation in centrosome-amplified PDAC cells.
IMPLEMENTATION OF REHABILITATION FOR DRUG ABUSES ACCORDING TO LAW NUMBER 35 OF 2009 CONCERNING NARCOTICS
Authors: Bawono Bambang Tri , Wahyono Dwi , Laksana Andri Winjaya
Published: July 2022

This study aims to determine and analyze the implementation of rehabilitation for narcotics abusers according to Law no. 35 of 2009 concerning Narcotics and Barriers and what solutions are faced in the implementation of rehabilitation for addicts or narcotics abusers. The approach method used in this research is juridical sociology. The results of this study indicate that the implementation of rehabilitation for addicts or victims of narcotics abuse in principle is carried out through court decisions or requests from addicts or victims of narcotics abusers. There are three stages carried out to return addicts or victims of narcotics abusers to their original state, namely the medical stage, the non-medical stage, and the periodic or advanced stage. The obstacles faced in the implementation of rehabilitation are addicts or victims of narcotics abusers who are already in a semi-crazy condition, addicts or narcotics abusers do not want to open up, family factors, and the view of the police who still apply imprisonment for narcotics addicts.
MACHINE LEARNING TECHNIQUES TO PERCEIVE INTRUSIVE SOFTWARE
Authors: Palit Shamik , Sinha Roy Chandrima
Published: July 2022

Machine learning based malware detection algorithms are usually integrated into antivirus software and therefore they are black-box systems to malware authors. It is hard for malware authors to know which classifier a malware detection system uses and the parameters of the classifier. However, it is possible to figure out what features a malware detection algorithm uses by feeding some carefully designed test cases to the black-box algorithm. Malware authors can modify a benign program’s DLL or API names to malware’s DLL or API names, and vice versa. If the detection results change after most of the modifications, they can judge that the malware detection algorithm uses DLL or API features. Therefore, in this paper we assume that malware authors can know what features a malware detection algorithm uses but know nothing about the machine learning model. The proposed model in this paper uses GANs, which generates adversarial examples to attack black-box malware detection algorithms. A substitute detector is trained to fit the black-box malware detection algorithm, and a generative network is used to transform malware samples into adversarial examples. Experimental results show that almost all the adversarial examples generated by GANs successfully bypass the detection algorithms.
Monitoring of Enterobacteria strains with producing β-lactamases in males with infectious-inflammatory diseases of urogenital tract
Authors: Sklyar T.V. , Lavrentievа K.V. , Kurahina N.V. , Lykholat T.Yu. , Papiashvili M.G. , Lykholat O.A. , Stepanskyi D.O.
Published: July 2022

This article presents the findings of investigation of the microflora of 257 males with infectious-inflammatory diseases of the urogenital tract using the test system “Androflor”. The role of representatives of conditionally pathogenic microflora as the main etiological agent in occurrence of infectious-inflammatory diseases of the urogenital tract in males was shown. Its composition in 39.3±3.0% of cases was represented by bacteria of family Enterobacteriaceae, in 10.9±1.9% – by Enterococcus spp., in 3.1±1.1% – by Haemophilus spp. and in 0.4±0.1% of cases – by P. aeruginosa. Out of 101 strains of enterobacteria, 27 representatives had the ability to synthesize β-lactamases 26.7±4.4% of cultures), in particular: 16 isolates of E. coli, 5 isolates of P. mirabilis and 6 isolates of K. pneumoniae. The selected strains of enterobacteria producing β-lactamases appeared to be resistant at least to 6 tested antibiotics, which allowed referring them to categories of multi-resistant. All cultures producing β-lactamases showed resistance to penicillinеs – ampicillin and amoxiclav. In this case, resistance to at least one of the antibiotics of cephalosporin group of the third generation was noted. In addition, 83.3±2.1% of the examined isolates were characterized by resistance to macrolides – erythromycin and azithromycin, as well as to co-trimoxazole and fosfomicin. The obtained data are of practical importance to develop efficient schemes of antibiotic therapy for infectious-inflammatory diseases of the urogenital tract, caused by strains of enterobacteria producing β-lactamases.
Technologies in Listening Comprehension and Teaching English to Non-linguistic Students
Authors: Shirokikh A. Yu.
Published: July 2022

The article looks upon bottom-up and top-down approaches in listening comprehension. The overview of the strategies is based on the shift between language systems and language skills, focus on form versus focus on content, as well as students’ difficulties caused by phonological peculiarities of English native speakers’ talk. The author addresses the issues of pragmatics and background knowledge, types of inferences in receptive modes of communication, interactive tasks and their importance for decoding foreign language massages, compensatory and affective strategies in teaching, heuristic and reflective aspects in education, problem-solving activities and CLIL (content and language integrated learning). Criteria for choosing the appropriate strategy in listening comprehension are listed and examples of classroom activities are given.
Analisis Perbandingan Algoritma Forecasting dalam Prediksi Harga Saham LQ45 PT Bank Mandiri Sekuritas (BMRI)
Authors: Ramadhan Viry Puspaning , Pamuji Fandi Yulian
Published: July 2022

Economic development in Indonesia has slowed in recent years. This resulted in the movement of the index for several stocks listed on BEIm, especially LQ45 which also experienced increases and decreases. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze stock price movements so that the results of the analysis can be used by investors to make investment decisions. This study will apply several Forecasting algorithms such as Linear Regression and Neural Network to predict the stock price of LQ45 in the case study of Bank Mandiri Sekuritas (BMRI). By using four attributes, namely open, high, and low values as predictors and close as a class, this study focuses on determining the accuracy value, namely Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) by optimizing parameter values. The test results obtained an RMSE value of 0.034 on the Neural Network method with the addition of a hidden layer and an RMSE value of 0.052 on the Linear Regression method with M5 Prime and Greedy Feature Selection with a min-tolerance value of 0.05.
Analisa Prediksi Varietas Buah Salak yang Sesuai dengan Lahan Daerah Kabupaten Banjarnegara Menggunakan Algoritma C45
Authors: Marisa Fitri , Maukar Anastasia L
Published: July 2022

Salak is a potential horticultural sector that is a leading commodity in Banjarnegara. Salak fruit varieties have fruit categories that have their advantages. Variants of salak fruit include ivory salak, granulated sugar salak, pondoh salak, and honey salak. Based on data released from the relevant government agencies, further research was carried out related to analyzing and conducting research to predict salak fruit varieties. This variety is suitable for land in every area in Banjarnegara with predictive analysis using the C4.5 algorithm. This method has been widely developed to classify and predict a case with a fairly high degree of accuracy. From this study, researchers hope that it can contribute farmers to determining the type of salak fruit that is most suitable for the land they own so that later the harvest obtained by farmers can be maximized
Where and With Whom Did They Go?
Authors:   Institute of Korean Studies, Park Kyungmee , Park Seong-Yong
Published: July 2022

This study explores the compositional characteristics of the hereditary regimes of North Korea, specifically regarding regime change through the transmission of traditional authority over three generations. The research questions of this study are as follows: How did North Korea successfully make the traditional hereditary regimes handed down to the son and grandson? Who were the political elites establishing and supporting these hereditary regimes? This study analyzes "on-the-spot guidance" articles reported in Rodong Sinmun, North Korea's official medium. According to the analysis, on-the-spot guidance seems to contribute to building and maintaining North Korea's hereditary regimes for three generations. In addition, it implies that the Kim Jong-un regime has a relatively low risk of collapse due to internal resistance, which has transpired for quite a while.
Maximum Utilization of Google Sites (MUGS) in Teaching English for Academic and Professional Purposes
Authors: Data Norelyn
Published: July 2022

In the new normal education, educators are expected to maximize to use of technology in providing instructional support to the student making them more engaged in the learning process. The study employed a mixed method to determine the positive effects of utilizing a teacher-made google site in teaching English for Academic and Professional Purposes (EAPP) among selected Grade 11 students. Google Sites is a website-building platform tool for the teacher who wants to build an e-learning environment, and a one-stop hub for students to access modules, interactive worksheets, important resources, video lessons, and reminders. The results of descriptive statistics provided evidence of the effectiveness of the intervention in prompting students’ engagement, independent learning, convenience, time management, and submission of outputs. A Paired-Sample T-test was also conducted. It was found that there was a significant gain with a large effect size on the participants' knowledge after the intervention was implemented. An interview questionnaire was also administered to explore the experiences of the participants towards intervention. Through thematic analysis, it was found that students have positive perceptions and good experience in using the teacher-made google as supported by the frequency of the themes derived from their textual responses. These findings imply that the utilization of Google Sites was an effective learning platform during this time of distance learning. It is recommended that schools will adopt and implement this platform with wider scope as it is proven to help students boost their engagement, and independent learning, gives opportunity to take time in understanding the lesson, and easy access to learning materials
Pathogenesis of Helicobacter pylori: An Overview of Bacterial Virulence Agents and the Mechanism of Occurrence Disease
Authors: Mohammed Huda Abbas , Obaid Zahraa Hussein
Published: July 2022

Helicobacter pylori is believed to be a main reason of stomach diseases in addition to the occurrence of infections that may end in cancer, there may be new virulence factors and as a result of the genetic analysis of this bacteria, which shows a wide view of the genome of this bacteria, so we hope to discover a new generation of genetic sequencers to verify the presence of new virulence agents. Studying the function of virulence factors possessed by H. pylori that increase its susceptibility to disease will lead to the possibility of developing treatments and vaccines. This review focuses on virulence factors and their role within pathogenesis of H. pylori contagion. This review contributes for development about new prevention and treatment methods based on an understanding of the role of cagA, vacA, ureE-H, and ureI proteins in increasing the susceptibility of bacteria to colonize the host digestive system in addition cause damage of host tissue.
The authors analyzed the China’s experience in borrowing foreign innovations and international scientific and technical cooperation, and identified the factors influencing the organization of scientific and technical cooperation
Authors: Kovalev M. , Yanhai H.
Published: July 2022

The successful experience of China in borrowing foreign innovations and international scientific and technical cooperation is analyzed. There is a stereotype that China has made an innovation breakthrough by directly borrowing foreign technology and innovation. However, the process of their development was more complex and mutually beneficial, and ultimately gave rise to the conditions for the creation of their own technologies and innovations, this is confirmed by China’s world leader today in patent registration and the publication of scientific articles. The article identifies the factors of such success associated with properly organized scientific and technical cooperation.
ANALISIS TOTAL FENOL, TOTAL FLAVONOID, DAN TOTAL TANIN PADA PRODUK MINUMAN PROBIOTIK SARI BUAH SALAK (Salacca Zalaca Var. Ambonensis)
Authors: Yoga Wahyu , Rabani RS I Gusti Agung Yogi
Published: July 2022

Salak merupakan salah satu produk komoditas hortikultura di Indonesia dengan nama ilmiah Salacca zalaca, salak memiliki ciri morfologi dengan daging buah berwarna putih dan ditutupi dengan kulit buah yang bersisik sehingga masyarakat menyebutnya dengan nama snake fruit. Salak memiliki banyak kandungan nutrisi dan juga mengandung komponen fitokimia yang dapat berperan sebagai antioksidan dalam menangkal radikal bebas, komponen fitokimia ini terdiri dari vitamin C, likopen, beta karoten, fenolik serta asam –asam organik lainnya. Di Indonesia sendiri panen buah salak hampir terjadi sepanjang tahun, yang berarti sepanjang tahun masyarakat Indonesia dapat mengkonsumsi buah salak, namun pada saat panen raya petani salak biasanya akan mengalami kerugian karena melonjaknya jumlah buah salak. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu meningkatkan nilai fungsional dan diversifikasi produk salak dengan mengolahnya menjadi minuman probiotik yang memberikan manfaat disamping dapat bernilai ekonomis. Hasil pada penelitian menyatakan bahwa perlakuan fermentasi berpengaruh sangat nyata pada total fenol, total flavonoid, dan total tanin dari minuman probiotik sari salak (P>0.01). Total fenol, total flavonoid, dan total tanin tertinggi didapat pada perlakuan G1W7 (770.171 mg/100gr, 663.175 mg/100gr, dan 305.504 mg/100gr) kemudian Interaksi antar perlakuan G1W1 sampai G1W6 berbeda nyata namun pada perlakuan G1W6 dan G1W7 tidak berbeda nyata pada total fenol, total flavonoid maupun total tanin, hal ini dapat disebabkan oleh sudah habisnya kandungan gula pada minuman probiotik sari salak yang digunakan BAL (Bakteri Asam Laktat) untuk proses fermentasi.
SIFAT FISIKOKIMIA TEPUNG PISANG KEPOK (Musa paradisiaca L.) YANG DITANAM DI LOKASI BERBEDA DI KABUPATEN SUMBAWA
Authors: Nairfana Ihlana , Rizaldi Lalu Heri
Published: July 2022

Di Nusa Tenggara Barat, khususnya Kabupaten Sumbawa, peluang pengembangan pisang sangat besar, hal ini terkait dengan persyaratan tumbuh pisang yang tidak membutuhkan persyaratan tumbuh yang sangat spesifik. Produktivitas pisang di Kabupaten Sumbawa terus meningkat dari tahun ke tahun, dan pengolahannya menjadi tepung pisang dinilai menjadi salah satu bentuk alternatif diversifikasi komoditas pisang yang dianjurkan. Penyebaran pisang kepok merata di seluruh wilayah di Kabupaten Sumbawa, akan tetapi selama ini belum pernah dilakukan pendataan secara kualitas tentang perbedaan fisikokimia tepung pisang kepok yang dihasilkan dari beberapa lokasi tanam yang berbeda. Penelitian ini mengkaji tentang pengaruh perbedaan lokasi tanam terhadap sifat fisikokimia (kadar air, kadar pati dan kadar amilosa) tepung pisang kepok. Penelitian disusun menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan satu faktor yaitu lokasi penanaman (P1=Kecamatan Moyo Utara; P2=Kecamatan Tarano; P3=Kecamatan Alas Barat dan P4=Kecamatan Tarano), dan dilakukan pengulangan sebanyak 3 kali.  Kadar air sampel tepung pisang dari keempat lokasi tanam berkisar antara 5.07% hingga 9.31%, kadar pati sebesar 53.3% hingga 83.2% dan kadar amilosa antara 27.4% hingga 48.2%. Tepung pisang yang berasal dari buah yang ditanam di Kecamatan Lunyuk memiliki kadar air, kadar pati dan kadar amilosa tertinggi.
PENGARUH KONSENTRASI STARTER BAKTERI Lactobacillus casei TERHADAP MUTU TEPUNG KACANG MERAH TERMODIFIKASI
Authors: Isrori Indah Nahdiat , Nazaruddin Nazaruddin , Amaro Moegiratul
Published: July 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi starter bakteri Lactobacillus casei terhadap mutu tepung kacang merah termodifikasi dengan penambahan berbagai konsentrasi Lactobacillus casei. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap satu faktor yaitu konsentrasi starter bakteri Lactobacillus casei 0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8% dan 10% serta ulangan sebanyak 3 kali sehingga didapat 18 unit percobaan. Parameter yang diamati yaitu total Bakteri Asam Laktat (BAL), rendemen, kadar air, kadar protein, kadar abu, kadar asam fitat, warna (ͦ hue dan L), dan organoleptik (warna dan aroma). Data hasil pengamatan dianalisis dengan analisis keragaman (ANOVA) pada taraf nyata 5% dengan menggunakan software Co-Stat dan diuji lanjut dengan Beda Nyata jujur (BNJ). Apabila terdapat beda nyata, dilakukan uji lanjut Polynomial Orthogonal dan Beda Nyata Jujur (BNJ) pada taraf 5%. Perlakuan terbaik adalah konsentrasi strater bakteri Lactobacillus casei 10% dengan total bakteri asam laktat 6,32 log CFU/g, rendemen 67,33%, kadar air 9,23%, kadar protein 25,10%, kadar abu 3,50%, kadar asam fitat 0,38 mg/g, warna (ͦ Hue) 68,52, warna (L) 89,86, serta warna putih dan aroma agak asam serta agak disukai panelis.
ANALISA MUTU MIKROBIOLOGIS, KIMIA, ORGANOLEPTIK IKAN NILA (Oreochromis niloticus) SELAMA PENYIMPANAN DENGAN PELUMURAN SERBUK DAUN BINAHONG (Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) stennis) SEBAGAI ANTIMIKROBA ALAMI
Authors: Wicaksono Arif , Nazaruddin Nazaruddin , Amaro Moegiratul
Published: July 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui mutu mikrobiologis, kimia, dan organoleptik ikan nila (oreochromis niloticus) selama penyimpanan dengan pelumuran serbuk daun binahong (anredera cordifolia (ten.) stennis) sebagai antimikroba alami. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitan ini yaitu metode eksperimental dengan percobaan di laboratorium. Rancangan Penelitian yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan faktor tunggal yaitu (lama penyimpanan: 4 Jam, 6 Jam, 8 Jam, 10 Jam, 12 Jam, dan 14 Jam) yang diulang sebanyak 3 kali sehingga diperoleh 18 unit percobaan dengan direndam serbuk daun binahong 75%. Parameter yang diamati dalam penelitian ini yaitu parameter kimia, mikrobiologi dan organoleptik. Parameter kimia meliputi analisa pH dan kadar air, parameter mikrobiologi meliputi uji total mikroba, sedangkan parameter organoleptik meliputi tekstur, aroma, kenampakan dan rasa. Data hasil pengamatan dianalisis menggunakan analisis keragaman dengan taraf nyata 5% dengan menggunakan aplikasi Co-Stat. Apabila terdapat beda nyata, dilakukan uji lanjut dengan uji lanjut Polynomial Orthogonal untuk parameter kimia dan parameter mikrobiologi dan uji lanjut Beda Nyata Jujur (BNJ) untuk parameter organoleptik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan lama penyimpanan dengan pelumuran serbuk daun binahong mampu mempertahankan mutu ikan nila hingga 12 jam berdasarkan pH 5,36; kadar air 73,96%; total mikroba 5,51 log CFU/gr yang sesuai dengan persyaratan mutu ikan segar berdasarkan SNI 01-2729:2013; serta organoleptik yang dapat diterima oleh panelis.
Evaluación del índice de satisfacción de los profesores participantes del curso educación emprendedora: jóvenes emprendedores. Primeros pasos de Sebrae en escuelas públicas del estado de Rondônia
Authors: Scavassa Aparecido Claudio , Santos e Campos María Aparecia
Published: July 2022

Los cambios sociales ocurren cotidianamente, la cultura, las costumbres, las formas de interpretar, ver y analizar se transforman para acompañar los nuevos modelos que se reflejan dentro de las escuelas.El espíritu empresarial de acuerdo con el Sebrae (2018, p. 3), puede ser un gran aliado en la educación, contribuyendo al desarrollo de la localidad y la cultura emprendedora en la región ademas de estimular en los alumnos la formación de agentes transformadores de la sociedad.  Este artículo tiene como objetivo  analizar el indice de satisfación de la educación enprendedora en profesores de la enseñanza primaria, a través del programa Jóvenes Empreendedores-Primeiros Passos,  respecto a la aplicación  práctica del programa con os alumnos envolucrados en el proyecto. Tratase de un estudio cualitativo descriptivo, con trabajo de campos. La amuestra fue compuesta por 245 profesores de 06 ciudades del estado de Rondônia. Los resultados se orientaron en la demostración que los profesores y alumnos involucrados en el proyecto, presentaron algunas características emprendedoras, además de la manifestación de espíritu emprendedor. Con relación a Metodologías se destaca que con la introducción de las tecnologías digitales de información y comunicación (TDIC) ha cambiado significativamente en la dinámica en las aulas de modelos analógicos, ya que los alumnos están en el modelo digital. El curso ha tenido un efecto positivo en profesores y alumnos que siguen demostrando el espíritu emprendedor.Con relación a la integración de las tecnologías digitales en las actividades pedagógicas, se puede utilizar el Blended Learning o enseñanza híbrida. En este modelo, las actividades se dividen entre actividades presenciales en aula y enseñanza que utilizan recursos online con actividades de enseñanza a distancia.
Las TIC para fortalecer las inteligencias múltiples y aprender historia en secundaria
Authors: Ferreyra Silvia
Published: July 2022

El artículo se basa en un estudio realizado en el Instituto Adventista Florida, un centro educativo privado confesional con 340 matriculados en educación media. Cuenta con tres niveles educativos, está ubicado en Vicente López, provincia de Buenos Aires, República Argentina. La finalidad fue hacer un análisis del uso de las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación, y cómo favorecen a las Inteligencias Múltiples al estudiar Historia, un caso de secundaria. La investigación de diseño mixto, se llevo a cabo con una variable de estudio y una categoría de análisis en el contexto que incluye 74 estudiantes de la modalidad en Ciencias Sociales, de Educación Secundaria Superior quienes utilizaron recursos tecnológicos durante año escolar. La recolección de datos se realizó a 22 educadores, 14 profesores y 8 directivos, mediante una encuesta y una entrevista estas, fueron informatizadas en los softwares Excel y CmapTools. Considerando que las TIC son un conjunto de herramientas potentes e innovadoras, se establece su uso tecnológico para determinar el desarrollo de las inteligencias, y a la vez identificar como los alumnos se apropian del conocimiento. Las tecnologías acompañan el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje, también son útiles para aquellos que aprenden en forma tradicional, porque permiten romper estructuras y ampliar estrategias de estudios. Finalizado el análisis de los resultados, se manifiesta la importancia de implementar la WebQuest integrada al Aprendizaje Basado en Proyecto, para mejorar el aprendizaje en Historia con el uso de Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación, y favoreciendo las Inteligencias Múltiples.

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Las competencias docentes en su formación de pregrado: un estudio del perfil profesional para la acción pedagógica en educación básica en la ciudad de Soacha-Colombia
Authors: Suárez Ramírez Marco Aurelio , Acuña Gamboa Luis Alan
Published: July 2022

Este artículo recoge los datos de la investigación hecha en la ciudad de Soacha, Colombia, sobre las competencias que adquirieron los docentes en su formación de pregrado y que laboran en el nivel de educación básica. Pretende indicar en un análisis de tipo mixto, las fortalezas y oportunidades, así como las debilidades y amenazas, en referencia a: las competencias adquiridas, en un grupo muestra de 50 docentes a través de instrumentos como la encuesta y la entrevista, competencias que son necesarias en el perfil profesional que propone las políticas educativas nacionales. Los datos, nos dejará ver, un diagnóstico sobre el porcentaje de competitividad frente a los requerimientos del estado colombiano, el cual pretende para el año 2025 alcanzar una excelencia educativa, como mejor país en los procesos de educación en Latinoamérica. El estudio nos muestra el perfil real del docente, en el nivel educativo de pregrado y sus fortalezas y falencias a la hora de las prácticas como profesional, así como el acercamiento a los perfiles que solicita el estado. De igual modo, dará pautas para que las instituciones que apliquen la metodología, puedan desde la implementación y el análisis de la propuesta, proyectar planes de mejora en la formación del recurso humano que participa en el desarrollo del Proyecto Educativo Institucional con el cual se pretende alcanzar mayor calidad educativa, como también el proponer articulaciones formativas y de mejora, con las universidades de las cuales han egresado los docentes y que incursionan en el ambiente educativo de la ciudad de Soacha.
LAMINAR FIELD OPTIMIZATION IN CONNECTION WITH THE CURRENT PANDEMIC SITUATION CAUSED BY COVID-19
Authors: Hrnková Bronislava , Hečko Dávid , Kapjor Andrej , Mičko Pavol , Vantúch Martin
Published: July 2022

COVID-19 is constantly spreading around the world. Doctors, nurses and medical staff spend more time providing their professional help than usual. It is especially important to provide them with a suitable working environment. Therefore, in the following article we will deal with the design of a computational model of a laminar field in a clean room using CFD methods.
Factor of Ethnicity in Voting at Local Level in Russia
Authors: Semenov A.V.
Published: July 2022

Ethnicity, being one of the most important forms of selfidentification, plays a significant role in many political processes, including the electoral process. Many research articles document a systematic relationship between ethnic identity and voting. At the same time, there is a dearth of studies about the concrete mechanisms on how ethnicity and voting are connected at the individual level. The question of their efficiency remains debatable. In the article, based on the materials of the focus group discussions in small towns in five ethnic republics of the Russian Federation, the author analyzes such mechanisms and tries to assess their possible effects in the Russian context. The research study shows that the factor of ethnicity is very weak in voting at the local level. Although ethnic identification helps reduce information uncertainty due to the presence of the common cultural markers, these markers are not the only or even the priority basis for electoral choices — the socio-economic agenda and personal qualities of candidates are equally or even more important. Such mechanisms as group pressure and political machines that are driven by ethnicity almost fail to predict electoral behavior. The research findings call into question a number of conclusions based on the crosssectional analysis of aggregated data, indicating that even if ethnicity plays a role in voting, this role is mediated by other factors.
From “Storming Heaven” to Normalization: the New Radical Left Parties in Western Europe
Authors: Sergeev S.A. , Kuznetsova A.V. , Kuzmina S.V.
Published: July 2022

The article is devoted to studying the new radical left parties (NRLP) that either emerged or strengthened in Western Europe in the light of social protests against neoliberal policies and austerity measures. The mid2010s witnessed the peak of the electoral successes of the NRLP, when, after revisiting the mistakes of the past, the radical left challenged social democrats, who shifted to the right and thus freed up a niche in the political space. Despite the fact that the mass protests, which swept across Europe, created preconditions for strengthening the NRLP everywhere, not all such parties could claim significant electoral achievements. The purpose of the article is to identify the reasons why in some Western European countries the radical left managed to create effective political organizations, while in others they did not. The authors analyze SYRIZA (Greece), Podemos (Spain) and France Unbowed as examples of successful NRLP, which achieved the best results in the elections. However, only SYRIZA managed to become a senior partner in the government coalition. Podemos had to settle for the role of a junior partner, while the achievements of France Unbowed were even more modest. The conducted research allowed the authors to single out several factors that can explain the successful performance of the NLRP in the electoral field. According to their conclusion, the existence of a pluralist democracy is a necessary condition for the efficiency of the NRLP. In addition, the electoral successes of the radical left were prepared by a change in the social structure, which provided the NRLP with a social base — young educated professionals. However, a country’s party system, primarily the role and the weight of social democratic parties in a country’s political life, is a decisive factor that defines prospects for the NRLP.