bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The molecular landscape of Asian breast cancers reveals clinically relevant population-specific differences
Authors: Pan Jia-Wern , Zabidi Muhammad Mamduh Ahmad , Ng Pei-Sze , Meng Mei-Yee , Hasan Siti Norhidayu , Sandey Bethan , Sammut Stephen-John , Yip Cheng-Har , Rajadurai Pathmanathan , Rueda Oscar M. , Caldas Carlos , Chin Suet-Feung , Teo Soo-Hwang
Published: December 2020

Molecular profiling of breast cancer has enabled the development of more robust molecular prognostic signatures and therapeutic options for breast cancer patients. However, non-Caucasian populations remain understudied. Here, we present the mutational, transcriptional, and copy number profiles of 560 Malaysian breast tumours and a comparative analysis of breast cancers arising in Asian and Caucasian women. Compared to breast tumours in Caucasian women, we show an increased prevalence of HER2-enriched molecular subtypes and higher prevalence of TP53 somatic mutations in ER+ Asian breast tumours. We also observe elevated immune scores in Asian breast tumours, suggesting potential clinical response to immune checkpoint inhibitors. Whilst HER2-subtype and enriched immune score are associated with improved survival, presence of TP53 somatic mutations is associated with poorer survival in ER+ tumours. Taken together, these population differences unveil opportunities to improve the understanding of this disease and lay the foundation for precision medicine in different populations.
The role of dissociation in ketamine’s antidepressant effects
Authors: Ballard Elizabeth D. , Zarate Carlos A.
Published: December 2020

Ketamine produces immediate antidepressant effects and has inspired research into next-generation treatments. Ketamine also has short term dissociative effects, in which individuals report altered consciousness and perceptions of themselves and their environment. However, whether ketamine’s dissociative side effects are necessary for its antidepressant effects remains unclear. This perspective examines the relationship between dissociative effects and acute and longer-lasting antidepressant response to ketamine and other N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists. Presently, the literature does not support the conclusion that dissociation is necessary for antidepressant response to ketamine. However, further work is needed to explore the relationship between dissociation and antidepressant response at the molecular, biomarker, and psychological levels.
In vivo diversification of target genomic sites using processive base deaminase fusions blocked by dCas9
Authors: Álvarez Beatriz , Mencía Mario , de Lorenzo Víctor , Fernández Luis Ángel
Published: December 2020

In vivo mutagenesis systems accelerate directed protein evolution but often show restricted capabilities and deleterious off-site mutations on cells. To overcome these limitations, here we report an in vivo platform to diversify specific DNA segments based on protein fusions between various base deaminases (BD) and the T7 RNA polymerase (T7RNAP) that recognizes a cognate promoter oriented towards the target sequence. Transcriptional elongation of these fusions generates transitions C to T or A to G on both DNA strands and in long DNA segments. To delimit the boundaries of the diversified DNA, the catalytically dead Cas9 (dCas9) is tethered with custom-designed crRNAs as a “roadblock” for BD-T7RNAP elongation. Using this T7-targeted dCas9-limited in vivo mutagenesis (T7-DIVA) system, rapid molecular evolution of the antibiotic resistance gene TEM-1 is achieved. While the efficiency is demonstrated in E. coli, the system can be adapted to a variety of bacterial and eukaryotic hosts.
Cryo-electron tomography structure of Arp2/3 complex in cells reveals new insights into the branch junction
Authors: Fäßler Florian , Dimchev Georgi , Hodirnau Victor-Valentin , Wan William , Schur Florian K. M.
Published: December 2020

The actin-related protein (Arp)2/3 complex nucleates branched actin filament networks pivotal for cell migration, endocytosis and pathogen infection. Its activation is tightly regulated and involves complex structural rearrangements and actin filament binding, which are yet to be understood. Here, we report a 9.0 Å resolution structure of the actin filament Arp2/3 complex branch junction in cells using cryo-electron tomography and subtomogram averaging. This allows us to generate an accurate model of the active Arp2/3 complex in the branch junction and its interaction with actin filaments. Notably, our model reveals a previously undescribed set of interactions of the Arp2/3 complex with the mother filament, significantly different to the previous branch junction model. Our structure also indicates a central role for the ArpC3 subunit in stabilizing the active conformation.
Colorimetric glucose sensing with multiple-color changes by using a MnO2NSs–TMB nanosystem
Authors: Qian Rui , Gao Dan , Liu Liping , Jiang Yuyang
Published: December 2020

A novel and rapid colorimetric glucose detection method based on a MnO2nanosheets nanosystem was developed with multi-color changes.
Improvingin vitrobioaccessibility and bioactivity of carnosic acid using a lecithin-based nanoemulsion system
Authors: Zheng Huijuan , Li Jun , Ning Fangjian , Wijaya Wahyu , Chen Yunjiao , Xiao Jie , Cao Yong , Huang Qingrong
Published: December 2020

Improvedin vitrobioaccessibility and anti-inflammatory activity of carnosic acid encapsulated nanoemulsion.
In situ formed thermogelable hydrogel photonic crystals assembled by thermosensitive IPNs
Authors: Li Xiaoxiao , Zhao Di , Shea Kenneth J. , Li Xueting , Lu Xihua
Published: December 2020

In this paper, soft thermosensitive photonic crystals are immobilized via a reversible temperature-triggered in situ sol–gel transition above their phase transition temperature (Tp), which may be a significant advance in the field.
One-step construction of ferritin encapsulation drugs for cancer chemotherapy
Authors: Inoue Ippei , Chiba Mayumi , Ito Kenichiro , Okamatsu Yoriko , Suga Yasuyo , Kitahara Yoshiro , Nakahara Yuichi , Endo Yuta , Takahashi Kazutoshi , Tagami Uno , Okamoto Naofumi
Published: December 2020

A simple preparation of high drug-loaded ferritin nanomedicines was demonstrated. By mixing ferritin and a drug, an electrostatic potential with a small ferritin cavity facilitated the passage and the deposition of the drug in the cavity.
Tumor-targeted superfluorinated micellar probe for sensitive in vivo19F-MRI
Authors: Jamgotchian Lucie , Vaillant Solenne , Selingue Erwan , Doerflinger Anaelle , Belime Agathe , Vandamme Marie , Pinna Guillaume , Ling Wai Li , Gravel Edmond , Mériaux Sébastien , Doris Eric
Published: December 2020

We describe herein the assembly and in vivo evaluation of a tailor-made micellar carrier system designed for the optimized encapsulation of a superfluorinated MRI probe and further targeting of solid tumors.
Metal-free visible-light-induced photoredox-catalyzed intermolecular pyridylation/phosphinoylation of alkenes
Authors: Shen Jiaxuan , Zhang Yipin , Yu Yanjiang , Wang Manman
Published: December 2020

A visible-light-induced and photoredox-catalyzed intermolecular pyridylation/phosphinoylation of alkenes using 4-cyanopyridine and diphenylphosphine oxide under mild metal-free conditions has been reported.
Implementation and evaluation of an adaptive online summer preparatory course for general chemistry: Whom does it benefit?
Authors: Reid Scott A. , MacBride Laura , Nobile Llanie , Fiedler Adam T. , Gardinier James R.
Published: December 2020

General chemistry courses are key gateways for many Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) majors. Here, we report on the implementation and evaluation of an adaptive, ALEKS-based online preparatory module (PM) for general chemistry. The module was made available in Summer 2018 at no cost to all students entering any section of general chemistry that fall. Of the 827 students who registered into the PM, 44% fully completed the module, 48% completed part of the module, and 8% did not complete any of the module. Considering students enrolled in first-term general chemistry, we find a marked increase in ACS final exam percentile for students who completed more than 50% of the module. This is suggested to reflect the self-selection of users who were highly motivated and/or likely to succeed in the course, a hypothesis supported by an analysis using an internal diagnostic metric, the predicted first-year quality point average (PQPA). To examine longer term impacts of the PM, we examined performance in subsequent chemistry courses, through second-semester organic, and found that students completing more than 50% of the module outperformed their counterparts across all courses, with the gap largest in first semester general chemistry and narrowing across subsequent courses. Finally, we surveyed students in summer 2020, two years after the PM offering. The survey indicated overall satisfaction with the PM. For students who did not complete the module, primary reasons given were difficulty (29% of respondents) and insufficient time (46%). As the module did not proportionally benefit the target group of underprepared or at-risk students, we suggest tweaks for future implementations.
An explicitly designed paratope of amyloid-β prevents neuronal apoptosis in vitro and hippocampal damage in rat brain
Authors: Paul Ashim , Kumar Sourav , Kalita Sujan , Kalita Sourav , Sarkar Dibakar , Bhunia Anirban , Bandyopadhyay Anupam , Mondal Amal Chandra , Mandal Bhubaneswar
Published: December 2020

Herein, the therapeutic potentials of an explicitly designed peptide probe are systematically illuminated in vitro and in vivo against Aβ aggregation. The probe demonstrates remarkable potency for attenuating neurotoxicity and hippocampal damage.
Multicolor polymeric carbon dots: synthesis, separation and polyamide-supported molecular fluorescence
Authors: Zhi Bo , Yao Xiaoxiao , Wu Meng , Mensch Arielle , Cui Yi , Deng Jiahua , Duchimaza-Heredia Juan J. , Trerayapiwat Kasidet Jing , Niehaus Thomas , Nishimoto Yoshio , Frank Benjamin P. , Zhang Yongqian , Lewis Riley E. , Kappel Elaine A. , Hamers Robert J. , Fairbrother Howard D. , Orr Galya , Murphy Catherine J. , Cui Qiang , Haynes Christy L.
Published: December 2020

Understanding the origin and sensitivity of carbon dot emission will improve their utility in various applications.
Elliptic percolation model for predicting the electrical conductivity of graphene–polymer composites
Authors: Aryanfar Asghar , Medlej Sajed , Tarhini Ali , Tehrani B Ali R.
Published: December 2020

The numerical model can quantify the transmitting electrical conductivity within the composite in a larger range of particle geometry.
Development of methodologies of innovation management for digital agricultural enterprises
Authors: Lisienkova Tatiana , Mukhamedzhanova Olga , Komarova Liudmila
Published: December 2020

Digital transformation is gaining its momentum in all industries. On the one hand, agriculture is usually considered as an outsider industry in terms of digitalization. On the other hand, during the last decade several countries have managed to improve the quality of agricultural industry and solve many of its problems with the use of modern information and digital technologies. In Russian Federation the Ministry of Agriculture announced the national project “Digital agriculture”, however the Projects is hard to release due to the lack of employees with decent soft and digital skills which are essential to the process of digital transformation. There are several models and frameworks of digital competences management, but none of them considers the specifics of agricultural sector. Thus, authors in this pre-research article justify the necessity to develop adaptable methodology for innovation management via various types competencies (hard, soft, digital ones) based on preliminary investigation of problem and solutions used in other countries.
Research in the field of using of ash from the incineration of sewage sludge, treated with mineral binders, for forest road construction
Authors: Zubova Oksana , Siletskiy Vadim , Kulik Daniil , Kovalenko Taras , Naskovets Mihail
Published: December 2020

The purpose of the study is to obtain a durable and cheap road-building material based on ash, reinforced with mineral astringent. Within the framework of the research, the optimal dosages of binders were searched for, the characteristics of the strength of mixture of ash with sludge and ash with cement were also determined. A comparative analysis of the economic efficiency between using a mixture of ash from the incineration of sewage sludge, reinforced with nepheline sludge, and traditional road building materials was carried out. The results of the study of mixtures of ash with mineral binders, such as nepheline sludge and cement, show that the obtained materials have high strength indicators and high indicators of the modulus of elasticity. They can be attributed to strength grades from M20 to M100. The developed building material (ash mixed with binders (nepheline sludge, cement)) could replace a similar building material in the technology of road construction, because if this mixture is taken in optimal dosages, it will be more profitable in the process of use, both from the point of physical and mechanical views, and point of view of economic indicators.
Nanotechnologies in agricultural engineering: practice and prospects
Authors: Kerimov Mukhtar , Smelik Viktor , Kerimov Movsar , Volkhonov Mikhail , Kukhar Viktor
Published: December 2020

The use of powdered concentrates increases the digestibility of feed components by the animal body. The biological activity of organic products increases due to the intensification of the process of useful substances extraction from them. The scientific basis for the formation of nanotechnologies is system effects, as well as features of physical, mechanical and biochemical phenomena that occur in powdered materials at the atomic and molecular levels and provide a synergistic effect. Using modern analytical tools in the field of nanoparticle research, a method for conducting search experiments has been developed, which provides for the possibility of studying the transformations occurring in the deep layers of substances and trace elements. Fine fractions participate in the formation of the structure of the final product, act as its leavening agents and sweeteners, as well as absorbers of excess moisture contained in raw materials. Hypersonic grinding using quantum aerogravity technology has shown the applicability, scientific and technical significance and prospects of this direction in the development of the powder industry.
Use of humic preparation for increasing the effectiveness of insecticides in chickpea cultivation
Authors: Polienko Elena , Grinko Artem , Lykhman Vladimir , Naimi Olga , Patrikeev Yevgeny
Published: December 2020

The article presents the results of an experiment (2016—2019) to study the influence of humic preparation on the effectiveness of insecticides of various chemical classes. Phytosanitary monitoring, pests count before and after treatment were carried out in addition to calculating the biological efficiency of insecticides; the impact on chickpea productivity and nutrition regimen was considered against the background of the chemical protection system with the inclusion of the humic preparation BIO-Don10. Harmful objects are cotton budworm (Helicovera armigera Hb) and bean aphid (Aphis fabae). It was found that the pyrethroid class preparation is more effective against cotton scoop. The reduction in bean damage is 93.7%. The efficiency of organophosphorus compounds does not exceed 45.0% in view of the developed stability. The preparations under study showed high efficiency against bean aphid, the decrease in aphid numbers is 93.9 and 90.9% respectively. Humic preparation did not affect this indicator, but allowed to increase the saved crop on the option with pyrethroid by 46.4 - 56.0%, with dimethoate by 29.6 - 40.0%.
Microbiological synthesis optimization of probiotic microorganismsLactobacillus plantarumusing combined nutrient media based on AIC secondary raw materials
Authors: Gagarina Irina , Gorkova Irina , Kostromicheva Ekaterina , Gavrilova Anna , Polekhin Sergey
Published: December 2020

The modern agro-industrial complex of the Russian Federation produces a significant number of by-products containing valuable nutrients. The article considers the possibilities of using secondary raw materials of agro-industrial sector in biotechnology industry. The role of waste processing of agricultural raw materials in optimization of lactobacilli cultivation process has been studied. Experimental studies of growth dynamics of probiotic microorganismsLactobacillus plantarumon complex nutrient media using food and agriculture production waste were carried out. The optimal composition of the nutrient medium for lactobacilli growth and the time of microorganisms cultivation corresponding to the maximum increase of biomass were determined. Comparative analysis of media components for growingLactobacillus plantarumaccording to the growth index of probiotic microorganisms was carried out. The growth stimulating role of such substrates for cultivation as beet pulp and corn gluten has been established.
Effect of probiotic strains of Bacillus subtilis on the growth parameters of broiler chickens and caecal microbiota
Authors: Mardanova Ayslu , Nikolaeva Anastasia , Lutfullina Guzel , Ganeeva Aygul , Sharipova Margarita
Published: December 2020

In this paper, the probiotic properties of Bacillus subtilis GM2 and GM5 strains were studied. It is shown that the use of probiotic additives based on the spores of these bacteria leads to an increase in the live weight gain of broiler chickens by 4.16% and 10.76% relative to the control. Metagenomic analysis showed that representatives of the phylum Firmicutes (54.55%) and Bacteroidetes (30.45%), mainly represented by the families Ruminococcacea and Bacteroidaceae, predominate in the caecal microbiota of broiler chickens on day 42. It was found that a probiotic based on the B. subtilis GM5 strain leads to an increase in the proportion of Firmicutes in caecum by 27% and a decrease in Bacteroidetes by 19%. There was also a significant decrease in the number of representatives of opportunistic pathogenic bacteria of the Enterobacteriaceae family relative to the control group.
Correction of cellular immunity with biferon-C in piglets in case of specific prevention of circovirosis and mycoplasmosis
Authors: Shakhov Aleksey , Shabunin Sergey , Zheynes Mariya
Published: December 2020

The results of studying the effect of biferon-C containing recombinant porcine interferons -alpha and -gamma on cellular nonspecific and adaptive immunity in piglets in case of specific prevention of circovirosis and mycoplasmosis are presented. The corrective effect of the drug on cellular immunity was stated, manifested by an increase in the absorption and functional and metabolic activity of phagocytes, the relative and absolute number of T- and B-lymphocytes, T-cells with helper activity and a lower formation of the level of T-suppressors, an increase in the T-helpers/T-suppressors ratio.
Study of older adolescents diet and their preferences among functional nutrition products
Authors: Gorbunchikova M.S. , Zakharova L.M.
Published: December 2020

The article presents the results of a survey of older adolescents among students. The structure of nutrition of adolescents is analyzed. It was found that the majority of students’ nutrition is not balanced, carbohydrate-containing foods predominate. There is a lack of protein, dietary fiber, vitamins and minerals. The diet of students is not observed. It is noted that at this age, many respondents have chronic diseases. It was found that most adolescents have an idea of functional nutrition products, but the frequency of consumption of such products among this category of the population often depends on the cost. As fortified foods, adolescents would prefer soft drinks, confectionery and bakery products, dairy products and fortified “fast food”. Measures to improve the health of adolescents are proposed.
Improvement of dill freeze-drying technology
Authors: Kadirov Ulugbek , Mannanov Ulug’bek , Aripov Mirolim , Meliboyev Mirazam , Mamatov Sherzod
Published: December 2020

In this work, we studied the use of IR pretreatments before freeze drying of dill. The indicators of the drying period, the process of rehydration of different samples dried by the sublimation method with and without pretreatment are compared. Experimentally, data have been obtained that when using IR pretreatment, the drying process is reduced by about 4-5 hours. The main reasons for the shortening of the freeze drying period is to reduce the moisture content to 25-30% during pre-treatment. The data confirms a reduction in the drying period for freeze-dried dill, and also provides data on the dehydration of dried samples.
Development of a technology for the production of a functional food based on plant raw materials
Authors: Isrigova T.A. , Salmanov M.M. , Isrigova V.S. , Taibova D.S. , Sannikova E.V.
Published: December 2020

The purpose of the work is to develop a technology for the production of a functional beverage. Methodology of the work. The experiments have been carried out using modern generally accepted techniques. Results of the work. For the first time, technologies and recipes of drinks based on mulberries and other fruit and berry raw materials have been developed using a new method of water purification. The field of application of the results is the food industry. Recipes of functional drinks from natural raw materials have been developed, without the use of dyes and color and taste improvers. A technology for the production of drinks with a new method of water preparation has been developed, and a tasting assessment of drinks have been carried out.
Efficient use of microwave EMF and multilevel high temperature sterilization modes in apple puree technology for dietetic nutrition
Authors: Rakhmanova M.M. , Demirova A.F. , Akhmedov M.E. , Abdulkhalikov Z.A. , Daudova T.N.
Published: December 2020

The article is dedicated to improving the quality of apple puree with xylitol for dietetic nutrition due to the development and implementation of a new technological process. This is microwave boiling of apples, rather than traditional steaming using saturated steam before chopping, with the development of a device for its implementation and multilevel high-temperature sterilization modes with prebake of apple puree in glass jars in microwave EMF. The analysis of research and technical data proved that pre-heat treatment of apples with saturated steam and traditional sterilization modes have a considerable duration, which impairs the finished products quality and has an adverse effect on the nutrient composition of the raw material during processing. Substituting the traditional method of pre-heat treatment of apples for their short-time processing in microwave EMF reduces the process by more than twice, which, in turn, contributes to an increased preservation of the nutrient composition of apples, while enhancing the yield of apple puree. For the implementation of microwave processing method of raw materials, a new design of the device for electromagnetic treatment of plant roughage has been developed, providing a uniform and more intensive heat treatment of raw materials in a continuous flow. Rapid multilevel high-temperature sterilization modes with the application of apple puree in glass jars in microwave EMF, liquid high-temperature heat devices and an autoclave basket, providing the opportunity for thermal sterilization of the product without creating reverse pressure in the machine, generally contribute to reducing heat costs and increasing the nutritional value.
Classic in a modern interpretation: on oil flax (Linum Usitatissimum L.) in the middle preduralie
Authors: Zubarev Yu.N. , Sosnin Yu.A.
Published: December 2020

The article is considered the problem of oil flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) cultivation on sod-podzolic soils of the Middle Preduralie, devoted to the relevance and importance of studying the agricultural methods of oil flax cultivation in the agro-climatic conditions of the Middle Preduralie. Economic viability of flax crop cultivation for oilseeds and practical applicability of seed processing products is presented. The methods of field experiment carried out on research and experimental field of the Department of General Agriculture and Plant Protection based at the Faculty of Agricultural Technologies and Forestry, the Perm SATU, are described. The results of two-year research show the influence of pre-sowing tillage and herbicide treatment of oil flax on the yield capacity of oilseeds in the Middle Preduralie. Tendencies are noted and some analytical theses are derived.
Crop correlations with structure elements in varieties of grain sorghum of various ecological and geographical origin
Authors: Baranovskiy Alexander , Konoplya Nikolay , Kosogova Tatyana , Kapustin Sergey , Kapustin Andrey
Published: December 2020

In the conditions of the Donbass region, 38 varieties of grain sorghum of various ecological and geographical origin-breeding companies of Western Europe (“RAGT SEMENCES”, “EURALIS SEMENCES”, “PIONEER”), Ukraine, Russia, the international company “ADVANTA”, the American company “RICHARDSON SEED” were studied. Field research was carried out in the period from 2016 to 2018 in the experimental field of the Lugansk National Agrarian University on ordinary shallow weakly washed blackearth (chernozem) on loess-loam. It was found that the most adapted and productive (6,0 t/ha of grain or more) were early – maturing hybrids – Swift and Queyras; middle early – Solarius, PR88Y20, Bianca, Puma Star; mid-season - Bounty. The most productive (5,0 t/ha and more grain) varieties – Odessky 205, Krupinka 10, Darunok, Zersta 97. The average positive correlation between the duration of the growing season of varieties and crop yield was established. The density of the productive stem in the range from 11 to 25 panicles per 1 m2, the length of the panicle leg and the weight of 1000 grains did not have a significant correlation with the level of sorghum yield. Sorghum yield had an average and increased correlation with panicle weight, grain weight per panicle, number of grains per panicle, grain type, and medium negative relationship with plant height.
Industrial Waste as Components of Building Materials
Authors: Fomina Natalya , Pavlova Irina , Kochergina Maria
Published: December 2020

The possibilities of using large-tonnage waste from the Saratov region in the production of building materials are analysed. Waste was investigated: phosphogypsum - waste from the production of mineral fertilizers; steel-making slag, limestone crushing waste, construction waste (crushed concrete). The extraction of strontium and rare-earth metals from phosphogypsum is substantiated, followed by its processing into products that solidify according to the non-hydration principle, or use in the compositions of expanding cements. The development of geopolymer binders of alkaline activation based on steel-making slags is proposed. The introduction of low water demand carbonate cements into construction practice has been substantiated. Limestone crushing waste can be used as a carbonate mineral additive. The processing of crushed concrete waste into crushed stone, coarse sands and finely dispersed additives into cement concretes is considered. Technologies for processing large-tonnage waste in the production of building materials are environmentally sound and economically justified.
The effect of institutional differences on the economic development of German-speaking countries
Authors: Savelyev Mikhail , Ivanov Valery , Polyakov Yury
Published: December 2020

The growth rates and sustainability of economic development of five German-speaking countries: Austria, German Democratic Republic (GDR), Luxembourg, Federal Republic of Germany (FRG) and Switzerland in the period 1947-1990 are investigated. The comparison is carried out for five economic cycles of the united Germany over this period. The indicators of the standard deviation of the growth rates of real GDP and national income are used as a sustainability performance. It is revealed that the GDR’s institutional system showed in a sustained way high growth rates, and after the isolation of West Berlin – favorable risks and firmness of prices. This system may even be regarded as the best institutional model of economic development for the German nation. At the moment of accession into the blocs, the member countries of the military and political bloc obtained benefits of development; during the exacerbation of the military and political situation, Switzerland, which was far from the contact of the blocs, became the winner, and during the detente – border Austria. Countries with smaller economies demonstrated greater institutional mobility.
Expanding the knowledge base on actual nutrition as an element of the system of alimentary-dependent diseases prevention
Authors: Mayurnikova Larisa , Zirka Anna , Koksharov Arkady , Gornikov Nikolay , Krapiva Tatyana
Published: December 2020

The work presents a multi-aspect model of alimentary-dependent diseases (ADD) prevention, which demonstrates the participants in this process and their priority tasks. A method is proposed based on the use of indicators for assessing the iodine-containing products contribution to the nutritional value of diets. Calculations were performed on a micronutrient - iodine, the deficiency of which causes the most common by depth and width ADD - thyroid pathology. To assess the iodine replenishing potential of raw fish and non-fish sea foods with the human diet, indicators were developed that account along with the iodine content in 100 g of product, the factors that directly or indirectly affect the digestibility and the economic feasibility of some of the most in-demand fish varieties. Selected factors: native iodine content in the product; qualitative and quantitative composition of synergistic nutrients for its digestibility in the body. Deviations of the reference data on the content of iodine in fish and non-fish products were found, which on average amounted to about 45 %, which is a significant loss that must be taken into account when using the calculated method of actual nutrition study.
Motivating the administrative staff of agricultural enterprises during remote work during the pandemic Covid-19
Authors: Yekimov Sergey , Leonidov Ihor , Smyrnov Igor , Karmannyi Yevhenii , Kovzhoha Serhii
Published: December 2020

The Covid-19 coronavirus pandemic forced the administrative staff of agricultural enterprises to work from home, thus raising the issue of remote workforce motivation. Whenever employees are working from home, their activity needs coordination and control over the fulfillment of job responsibilities. The study proposes that efficient functioning and motivation of remote workforce be achieved through the creation of team, which will fully use the potential of every employee and coordinate their joint efforts for the sake of attainment of company goals and objectives. The coaching method is suggested as the way to build a team. Such team will possess a relevant intellectual potential and troubleshooting flexibility. An efficient team is capable of raising labor productivity, which will improve the company’s position on the market and will generate additional revenue for financial motivation of employees.
Agro-Industrial Complex of the Russian Arctic: Research Contribution to the Value Added Areas
Authors: Zakharchuk Ekaterina
Published: December 2020

The article deals with the problems of assessing the contribution of the agro-industrial complex to the economy of the Arctic territories. An approach to the definition of the notion “agro-industrial complex” from the point of view of the System of National Accounts is highlighted. The author proposes a method of calculating the value added of economic activities at the municipal level. On this basis, formed a database of wages of all municipalities of the Arctic region of Russia. The author calculated the contribution of agro-industrial complex in gross value added Arctic municipalities in the context of the Russian Federation. The results obtained allow us to highlight the importance of the agro-industrial complex in the economy of municipalities in the Arctic zone of Russia. The agro-industrial complex is of the greatest importance in the economy of the Anabar national region of the Republic of Yakutia and the city of Murmansk. The calculations showed that the added value of the agro-industrial complex for the whole Arctic territories of Russia is 55,821.78 million rubles, and its contribution to the total value added is 1.56%.
Enduro World Series (EWS) Mountain Biking Injuries: A 2-year Prospective Study of 2010 Riders
Authors: Palmer Debbie , Florida-James Geraint , Ball Chris
Published: December 2020

The sport of Enduro is the newest International Cycling Union sanctioned discipline in mountain biking. There are a number of studies reporting mountain biking injury to date however there are none detailing injuries in Enduro. The aim of the present study was to determine the rate, severity and nature of rider injury during the Enduro World Series. Rider injury, and race and practice exposure data were recorded prospectively during 10 events across the 2017 and 2018 seasons. Incorporating 2010 riders (males 90%; females 10%) from 46 countries. 8.9% of riders were injured with mean 12.3 days time-loss per injury. Racing injury incidence was 38.3/1000 hours and practice injury incidence 3.6/1000 hours (p=0.01). The shoulder/clavicle (12.8% of all injuries), hand (9.0%) and head (9.0%) were the most injured locations. Concussion injury was the most frequent diagnosis (7.4%), and shoulder/clavicle fractures caused the greatest burden (442 total days lost). Of those with concussion 28.6% continued racing, and 42.9% reported no time-loss (i. e. time off) post-race. In conclusion, the rate of injury during EWS race events was comparable to Downhill racing. Targeted injury prevention strategies around rider concussion education and rider qualification criteria may help to reduce the risk of injury in Enduro.
Interdisziplinäres Management von Clivuschordomen
Authors: Haubner Frank , Rachinger Walter
Published: December 2020

Clivuschordome gehören zu den seltenen Tumoren der Schädelbasis. Das aggressive Wachstumsverhalten und der Lagebezug zu kritischen Strukturen erfordern ein interdisziplinäres Management. Im Mittelpunkt der Therapie steht hier die möglichst vollständige Tumorresektion unter Erhalt der neurologischen Funktionen des Patienten. Hierbei bietet sich der endonasale endoskopische Zugang besonders an. Postoperativ wird in der Regel eine adjuvante Therapie mittels Protonenbestrahlung empfohlen, da hiermit auch residuelles Tumorgewebe kontrolliert und das Langzeitüberleben der Patienten verbessert werden kann.

Eine „targeted tumour therapy“ basierend auf den individuellen molekularbiologischen Charakteristiken der Chordome könnte in Zukunft eine neue medikamentöse Therapieoption darstellen.
Fratura de Tillaux não percebida e lesão por sindesmose em adultos: Redução e fixação artroscópica assistida
Authors: Oliveira Nuno , Pinho Pedro , Baptista Mário , Freitas Daniel , Varanda Pedro , Pereira Bruno S.
Published: December 2020

As fraturas de Tillaux são fraturas da margem lateral da tíbia distal, geralmente relatadas em crianças entre 12 e 14 anos. Como fraturas intra-articulares, requerem redução e fixação anatômica para evitar complicações pós-traumáticas. Como o mecanismo de lesão é a rotação externa do pé na perna, essas lesões são comumente associadas a outras fraturas ou lesões ligamentares. Atualmente, a artroscopia está sendo cada vez mais utilizada para auxiliar e melhorar o tratamento cirúrgico das fraturas do tornozelo. Os autores descrevem um acompanhamento de 12 meses de um caso raro de uma fratura não percebida de Tillaux associada a lesão por sindesmose em um paciente de politrauma com 76 anos de idade, tratado com sucesso por redução e fixação interna assistida por artroscopia.
Bacteremia Due to Kosakonia cowanii in a Preterm Neonate
Authors: Duployez Claire , Edun-Renard Marie-Eve , Kipnis Eric , Dessein Rodrigue , Le Guern Rémi
Published: December 2020

Low-birthweight infants admitted to neonatal intensive care units are at high risk of hospital-acquired infections by opportunistic pathogens. The gut microbiota of preterm neonates lacks commensal bacteria providing a barrier against pathogens. We report a case of bacteremia due to Kosakonia cowanii in a preterm neonate.

A female baby of 680 g was delivered through a cesarean-section at 28 weeks of gestation due to intrauterine growth retardation and fetal rhythm abnormalities. On day 27, two blood cultures grew gram-negative bacilli in a context of functional ileus. No reliable identification could be obtained using matrix assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight, biochemical reactions with the VITEK 2 GN ID card, or 16S rDNA sequencing. K. cowanii was finally identified by gyrB sequencing. The source of infection may have been either the central venous catheter or translocation from the gut microbiota. Evolution was favorable after 14 days of cefepime (combined with amikacin for 5 days) and central venous catheter removal.

K. cowanii is a member of the Enterobacteriaceae family that was recently reclassified from the Enterobacter genus. Human infections due to K. cowanii are scarce and have mainly been associated with traumatic inoculation from plants or transient gut colonization. K. cowanii may be an underestimated opportunistic pathogen in susceptible populations such as preterm neonates.
Evaluation of Antigenicity of Components of Tracheal Allotransplant and Effect of Immunosuppressant Regime in a Rodent Model
Authors: Sharma Dimpy , Iyer Subramania , Subramaniam Sobha , Ramu Janarthanan , Sharma Mohit , Nambiar Ajit , Unni AKK , S. Sivanarayanan
Published: December 2020

Background Tracheal transplantation seems to be the logical step in the process of reconstruction of the trachea following a long-segment resection, which is usually done to treat malignant disease or benign stenosis of the airway caused by a traumatic, congenital, inflammatory, or iatrogenic lesion. Immunosuppression following transplant is essential but not ideal after oncoresection.

Methods The tracheal allografts, harvested from Sprague Dawley rats, were implanted in the Wistar strain rat. The harvested tracheal grafts were divided into groups and subgroups, based on the layers of trachea, method of decellularization, and immunosuppression. The antigenicity of different layers of trachea and the effect of various decellularization methods were studied within three time frames, that is, day 3, 9, and 15.

Result On structural analysis, the day 3 and day 15 samples showed no meaningful comparison could be made, due to extensive neutrophil infiltration in all three layers. The day 9 tracheal grafts showed loss of epithelium, with no signs of regeneration in most of the allografts. The subepithelial lymphoid infiltration was found to be severe in nonimmunosuppressed allografts. The group in which both inner and outer layers were removed showed moderate-to-severe infiltrate of lymphoid cells in all the allografts, but there was no cartilage loss, irrespective of the method of decellularization. The irradiated specimens retained the cartilage but showed extensive ischemic damage.

Conclusion Rat trachea is a good model for tracheal transplant research but not adequately sturdy to sustain mechanical debridement. Irradiation and chemical decellularization eliminates the immune response but causes intense ischemic damage. Out of the three time frames, day 9 seemed to be the best to study the immune response. To substantiate the results obtained in this study, the immunohistochemical study of the allografts is needed to be performed among a larger group of animals.
Temperature dependence of luminescence of LiF crystals doped with different metal oxides
Authors: Lisitsyna L. , Popov A. I. , Karipbayev Zh. T.
Published: December 2020

Photoluminescence and cathodoluminescence of LiF crystals doped with different binary metal oxides were measured in the wide temperature range of 50-300 K and time interval of 10−8−10−1 s after the nanosecond electron excitation pulse. Both as-grown those and crystals irradiated by an electron beam in range of absorbed dose up to 103 Gy were studied. It is shown that spectral-kinetic characteristics of the luminescence depend on the absorbed dose (type of created/accumulated color centers), the irradiation temperature, the concentration of hydroxyl, which promotes incorporation of the MeO complex (Me: W, Ti, Fe, Li) into the crystal lattice, and the cation-dopants.
MXene improves the stability and electrochemical performance of electropolymerized PEDOT films
Authors: Wustoni Shofarul , Saleh Abdulelah , El-Demellawi Jehad K. , Koklu Anil , Hama Adel , Druet Victor , Wehbe Nimer , Zhang Yizhou , Inal Sahika
Published: December 2020

Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) doped with poly(styrene sulfonate) (PSS) is the most commonly used conducting polymer in organic bioelectronics. However, electrochemical capacitances exceeding the current state-of-the-art are required for enhanced transduction and stimulation of biological signals. The long-term stability of conducting polymer films during device operation and storage in aqueous environments remains a challenge for routine applications. In this work, we electrochemically synthesize a PEDOT composite comprising the water dispersible two-dimensional conducting material Ti3C2 MXene. We find that incorporating MXene as a co-dopant along with PSS leads to PEDOT:PSS:MXene films with remarkably high volumetric capacitance (607.0 ± 85.3 F cm−3) and stability (capacity retention = 78.44% ± 1.75% over 500 cycles), outperforming single dopant-comprising PEDOT films, i.e., PEDOT:PSS and PEDOT:MXene electropolymerized under the same conditions on identical surfaces. The stability of microfabricated PEDOT:PSS:MXene electrodes is evaluated under different conditions, i.e., when the films are exposed to sonication (∼100% retention over 6 min), upon immersion in cell culture media for 14 days (∆|Z| = 2.13%), as well as after continuous electrical stimulation. Furthermore, we demonstrate the use of a PEDOT:PSS:MXene electrode as an electrochemical sensor for sensitive detection of dopamine (DA). The sensor exhibited an enhanced electrocatalytic activity toward DA in a linear range from 1 µM to 100 μM validated in mixtures containing common interferents such as ascorbic acid and uric acid. PEDOT:PSS:MXene composite is easily formed on conductive substrates with various geometries and can serve as a high performance conducting interface for chronic biochemical sensing or stimulation applications.
High prevalence of malnutrition and frailty among older adults at admission to residential aged care
Authors: Chatindiara Idah , Allen Jacqueline , Hettige Dushanka , Senior Stacey , Richter Marilize , Kruger Marlena , Wham Carol
Published: December 2020

Abstract
INTRODUCTIONMalnutrition is an under-recognised and under-treated problem often affecting older adults.
AIMThe aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of and factors associated with malnutrition and frailty among older adults at early admission to residential aged care.
METHODSA cross-sectional study was undertaken among eligible older adults within the first week of admission to residential aged care. Participants were assessed for malnutrition risk using the Mini Nutritional Assessment Short Form, frailty using the Fried phenotype criterion, muscle strength using a grip strength dynamometer and gait speed using a 2.4-m walk test. A Cox regression analysis was conducted to identify factors associated with malnutrition risk and frailty status.
RESULTSOf 174 participants (mean age 85.5 years, 61% women), two-thirds (66%) were admitted to residential aged care from the community. Most (93%) were either malnourished (48%) or at risk of malnutrition (45%). A total of 76% of participants were frail and 24% were pre-frail. Forty-three percent were both malnourished and frail. Low risk of malnutrition was associated with increases in muscle strength [0.96 (0.93–0.99)], gait speed [0.27 (0.10–0.73)] and pre-frailty status [0.32 (0.12–0.83)].
DISCUSSIONThis study provides preliminary evidence for high prevalence of malnutrition and frailty at admission to residential aged care. Almost all participants were malnourished or at nutrition risk. Findings highlight the need for strategies to prevent, detect and treat malnutrition in community health care and support nutrition screening at admission to residential aged care.
Violence against women in politics
Authors: Alam Zainab
Published: December 2020

This paper explores the protest claims of Pakistani women against the everyday oppression of traditional gender
roles and the complex backlash they provoke as an instance of violence against women in politics. Taking the annual Aurat
March (Women’s March) as a focal point, I analyze the provocative placards and slogans that have gone viral in both
traditional and digital media and investigate the misogynistic counter attacks launched by conservatives, men’s rights advocates,
and anti-feminists. Contesting narrow definitions of the political in mainstream research, I argue that Aurat
March protesters and activists are women in politics and that counter-discourses, designed to
delegitimize the protest and the women’s issues it represents, constitute a mode of discursive violence that should be included in
scholarly and activist discussions of violence against women in politics.
Incongruous and illegitimate
Authors: Kuperberg Rebecca
Published: December 2020

Violence against women in politics encompasses physical, psychological, economic, sexual and semiotic forms of
violence, targeting women because their gender is seen as threatening to hegemonic political norms. Theoretical debates over these
categories and empirical applications to global cases often overlook that backgrounds and lived experiences of women in politics
can differ considerably. Using the United Kingdom as a case study, in this article I analyze different manifestations of online
semiotic violence – violence perpetrated through words and images seeking to render women incompetent and invisible (Krook 2020, 187) – against female, religious-minority politicians. Through a qualitative
discursive approach, I identify patterns and strategies of violence in an original dataset of Twitter posts that mention the
usernames of seven prominent Muslim and Jewish female politicians. Results show that multiply-marginalized politicians are exposed
to both sexist and racist rhetoric online. In this case, semiotic violence functions to render women incompetent using racist
disloyalty tropes as well as to render women invisible by invalidating their testimonies of abuse.
Are gold hoop earrings and a dab of red lipstick enough to get even Democrats on the offensive?
Authors: Rasulo Margaret
Published: December 2020

According to news media outlets, Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez (AOC), the newly-elected Democratic representative from New York, has stirred up conflicting feelings among Republicans and Democrats on Capitol Hill, attracting criticism, mockery and disapproval from both parties. The overarching aim of this study is to explore the extent to which these attitudes are acts of verbal aggression often dissimulated as patronizing warnings or manifestations of an opinion (Ramirez and Andreu 2003;Wodak 2015). In particular, by analyzing a corpus of headlines regarding AOC’s political persona and activism collected from six major conservative and liberal newspapers circulating in the US, the study aims to detect linguistic markers associated with aggression and verify their level of toxicity (Musolff 2012). To this purpose, both quantitative and qualitative methodological approaches are used with particular reference to Corpus Linguistics (Baker et al. 2008;Kilgariff et al. 2014) and the Discourse-Historical Approach (Reisigl and Wodak 2001,2016). Findings show that biased mediatized political discourse can influence attitudes toward aggressive speech behavior, and, therefore, intensify the devious nature of aggressive acts.