bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Distinct roles of Bendless in regulating FSC niche competition and daughter cell differentiation
Authors: Tatapudy Sumitra , Peralta Jobelle , Nystul Todd
Published: November 2021

A major goal in the study of adult stem cells is to understand how cell fates are specified at the proper time and place to facilitate tissue homeostasis. Here, we found that an E2 ubiquitin ligase, Bendless (Ben), has multiple roles in the Drosophila ovarian epithelial follicle stem cell (FSC) lineage. First, Ben is part of the JNK signaling pathway, and we found that it, as well as other JNK pathway genes, are essential for differentiation of FSC daughter cells. Our data suggest that JNK signaling promotes differentiation by suppressing the activation of the EGFR effector, ERK. Also, we found that loss of ben, but not the JNK kinase hemipterous, resulted in an upregulation of hedgehog signaling, increased proliferation and increased niche competition. Lastly, we demonstrate that the hypercompetition phenotype caused by loss of ben is suppressed by decreasing the rate of proliferation or knockdown of the hedgehog pathway effector, Smoothened (Smo). Taken together, our findings reveal a new layer of regulation in which a single gene influences cell signaling at multiple stages of differentiation in the early FSC lineage.
An epigenetic circuit controls neurogenic programs during neocortex development
Authors: Wang Andi , Wang Junbao , Tian Kuan , Huo Dawei , Ye Hanzhe , Li Si , Zhao Chen , Zhang Bo , Zheng Yue , Xu Lichao , Hua Xiaojiao , Wang Kun , Wu Qing-Feng , Wu Xudong , Zeng Tao , Liu Ying , Zhou Yan
Published: November 2021

The production and expansion of intermediate progenitors (IPs) are essential for neocortical neurogenesis during development and over evolution. Here, we have characterized an epigenetic circuit that precisely controls neurogenic programs, particularly properties of IPs, during neocortical development. The circuit comprises a long non-coding RNA (LncBAR) and the BAF (SWI/SNF) chromatin-remodeling complex, which transcriptionally maintains the expression of Zbtb20. LncBAR knockout neocortex contains more deep-layer but fewer upper-layer projection neurons. Intriguingly, loss of LncBAR promotes IP production, but paradoxically prolongs the duration of the cell cycle of IPs during mid-later neocortical neurogenesis. Moreover, in LncBAR knockout mice, depletion of the neural progenitor pool at embryonic stage results in fewer adult neural progenitor cells in the subventricular zone of lateral ventricles, leading to a failure in adult neurogenesis to replenish the olfactory bulb. LncBAR binds to BRG1, the core enzymatic component of the BAF chromatin-remodeling complex. LncBAR depletion enhances association of BRG1 with the genomic locus of, and suppresses the expression of, Zbtb20, a transcription factor gene known to regulate both embryonic and adult neurogenesis. ZBTB20 overexpression in LncBAR-knockout neural precursors reverses compromised cell cycle progressions of IPs.
A single-molecule localization microscopy method for tissues reveals nonrandom nuclear pore distribution in Drosophila
Authors: Cheng Jinmei , Allgeyer Edward S. , Richens Jennifer H. , Dzafic Edo , Palandri Amandine , Lewków Bohdan , Sirinakis George , St Johnston Daniel
Published: November 2021

Single-molecule localization microscopy (SMLM) can provide nanoscale resolution in thin samples but has rarely been applied to tissues because of high background from out-of-focus emitters and optical aberrations. Here, we describe a line scanning microscope that provides optical sectioning for SMLM in tissues. Imaging endogenously-tagged nucleoporins and F-actin on this system using DNA- and peptide-point accumulation for imaging in nanoscale topography (PAINT) routinely gives 30 nm resolution or better at depths greater than 20 µm. This revealed that the nuclear pores are nonrandomly distributed in most Drosophila tissues, in contrast to what is seen in cultured cells. Lamin Dm0 shows a complementary localization to the nuclear pores, suggesting that it corrals the pores. Furthermore, ectopic expression of the tissue-specific Lamin C causes the nuclear pores to distribute more randomly, whereas lamin C mutants enhance nuclear pore clustering, particularly in muscle nuclei. Given that nucleoporins interact with specific chromatin domains, nuclear pore clustering could regulate local chromatin organization and contribute to the disease phenotypes caused by human lamin A/C laminopathies.
Imaging of the nigrostriatal system for evaluating the preclinical phase of Parkinson’s disease development: the utility of neuromelanin, diffusion MRI, and DAT-SPECT
Authors: Takahashi Hiroto , Kashiwagi Nobuo , Arisawa Atsuko , Matsuo Chisato , Kato Hiroki , Adachi Hiroyoshi , Kajiyama Yuta , Mochizuki Hideki , Tomiyama Noriyuki
Published: November 2021

Objective:

To assess the utility of examining the nigrostriatal system with MRI and dopamine transporter (DAT) imaging for evaluating the preclinical phase of Parkinson’s disease (PD).

Methods:

The subjects were 32 patients with early PD and a history of probable rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD; PD group), 15 patients with idiopathic RBD (RBD group), and 24 age-matched healthy controls (HC group) who underwent neuromelanin and diffusion tensor MRI for analysis of the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). The RBD and PD groups underwent DAT imaging. In the RBD group, totals of 39 MRI and 27 DAT imaging examinations were obtained longitudinally. For each value, intergroup differences and receiver operating characteristic analysis for diagnostic performance were examined statistically.

Results:

The neuromelanin value was significantly lower and the diffusion tensor values except fractional anisotropy were significantly higher in the RBD and PD groups than in the HC group. The DAT specific binding ratio (SBR) was significantly lower in the PD group than in the RBD group. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUCs) for neuromelanin/mean diffusivity value in the SNpc were 0.76/0.82 for diagnosing RBD and 0.83/0.80 for diagnosing PD. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curves for the SBR for discriminating PD from RBD was 0.87.

Conclusion:

MRI and DAT imaging may be useful for evaluating sequential nigrostriatal changes during the preclinical phase of PD.

Advances in knowledge:

MRI detects nigrostriatal changes in both RBD and early PD, and DAT imaging detects nigrostriatal changes during the transition to PD in RBD.
The life cycle rites in traditional culture: the motive for overcoming the fear of the unknown
Authors:   Volga Region State University of Service, Lepeshkina Larisa Yu.
Published: November 2021

В монографии исследуются обряды жизненного цикла с точки зрения присутствия в них мотива преодолевать страх перед неизвестным будущим. В центре внимания автора находятся вопросы восприятия мифологическим сознанием категорий «своё – чужое» в качестве источника страхов, репрезентируемых в традиционной обрядности. Показана специфика культурологического подхода к рассмотрению обрядов жизненного цикла, раскрыты их социокультурные функции. Выявлена культурно-историческая обусловленность понимания обрядов в традиционных культурах народов Поволжья; определены возможности трансляции данными обрядами духовно-нравственных ценностей общества. Книга адресована этнологам и культурологам, а также всем интересующимся проблемами традиционной культуры.
“Why did I not die in the womb?” Job’s cursing the day of his birth in the interpretations of Gregory the Great and Thomas Aquinas (a comparative approach)
Authors: Roeske Maria
Published: November 2021

The Book of Job presents a just, blameless man, who after being afflicted with great pain and suffering begins to curse the day of his birth. The aim of the article is to elucidate the reasons for and the meaning of Job’s harsh words by comparing two different interpretations of the passage offered by Gregory the Great and Thomas Aquinas. Both expositions seem to be incompatible regarding: the reasons for and the aims of Job’s cursing, the moral evaluation of his cursing, the reasons for and the objects of Job’s sorrow, the virtuous way of expressing sorrow. On the other hand, they seem compatible concerning the admission of the fact of experiencing sorrow by Job and the moral imperative to tame sorrow. The incompatibilities appear to be rooted in two different approaches to passions (the Stoic versus the Peripatetic one) and in different evaluations of earthly life and goods. It is shown that Aquinas’ interpretation is more faithful to the text and relies on a more adequate anthropology and psychology.
Egzegeza średniowieczna dla początkujących
Authors: Buraczewski Michał
Published: November 2021

Artykuł recenzyjny książki Iana Christophera Levy'ego, Introducing Medieval Biblical Interpretation. The Senses of Scripture in Premodern Exegesis, Baker Academic, Grand Rapids 2018, 306 + xiv s. ISBN-13: 978-0801048807.
Domestic and International Causes of Russian Military Intervention in Ukraine
Authors: Romańczuk Michał
Published: November 2021

The collapse of the Cold War order led to a change in the geopolitical environment of the Russian Federation. The declarations of independence of the former Soviet republics and the emergence of the post-Soviet area had weakened the country’s position. As a result, the Russian Federation has been perceiving this new area as a zone of its ‘vital interests’, and attaining and maintaining dominant position in those territories has been considered crucial for the state’s security, its strength and position on the international arena. Russia has been pursuing its goals in the area through numerous reintegration attempts on political, military and economic levels. To achieve the main political goal, which is the control over the post-Soviet area, the Russian Federation has been also using military instruments. The focal point and purpose of this article is to show the internal and external causes of military intervention of the Russian Federation in eastern Ukraine.
Immigrants in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg and Its Public Security
Authors: Olbrycht Paweł
Published: November 2021

The Grand Duchy of Luxembourg is one of the smallest European countries – both in terms of area and population. As in the case of the so-called European micro-states (with less than 500,000 inhabitants – Luxembourg alone has slightly more), it is characterized by a high economic level, especially the living standards of its inhabitants.

As the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development’s statistical data show (official OECD website), the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg is the wealthiest Member State of the European Union in terms of average annual income per capita (gross domestic product per capita). Due to this fact, foreigners-immigrants continuously come to this country by seeking better living conditions there. It was, therefore, reasonable to explore how this high proportion of immigrants in Luxembourg’s society influences the public security of that country. Luxembourg has one of the highest economic immigration rates in Europe, the number of its citizens is continually growing, and yet the crime rates are among the lowest in the world.

The article aims to explore the impact of the presence of many immigrants in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg on public security of that country. The article focuses on the main threat to public safety, i.e., crime – in the analysed case: the crime committed by foreigners-immigrants.

The main research problem took the form of the question: To what extent does the presence of a significant number of immigrants affect the public safety of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg? The main hypothesis took the form of the assumption that the presence of large numbers of immigrants does not have a significant adverse effect on the public safety of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.

The adopted research method was the analysis of statistical data using the technique of content analysis (desk research). World Bank statistics were used as the primary source of information, while articles from scientific journals and reports from Luxembourg public administration bodies as supplementary sources.

To deepen the exploration and understanding of the migration conditions of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, the article presents its history as well as economic and social characteristics.

The research was carried out as part of the Research Project No. 146/WNB/65/DzS called: “The Migration Policy of the Republic of Poland as an Indicator of Its Internal Security”, carried out at Faculty of Security Studies of General Tadeusz Kościuszko Military University of Land Forces (Wrocław, Poland).
Analysis of the frequency of maxillary sinus pathology among male and female adults
Authors: Cherkes M. , Student V. , Masna Z. , Ivasivka K. , Rudnytska Kh.
Published: November 2021

The maxillary sinuses diseases are an actual clinical problem today. The aim of our study was to determine the frequency of pathology of the maxillary sinuses of different origin and its age dynamics in adults.

500 series of anonymized tomograms of adults were analyzed: 22-35 years (1st group) and 36-60 years (2nd group in men) and 36-55 years (2nd group in women). Cone-beam computed tomography (CT) of the nose, paranasal sinuses, and upper jaw was performed on a Point 3D Combi 500 cone-beam tomograph. RealScan software was used to analyze the test results.

The results of the study showed that among the adults who applied for examination of the maxillary sinus, only 20% had no pathology. Patients of the first age group are most often diagnosed with pathological changes of the maxillary sinus, which have a rhinogenic origin. In persons of the second age group, regardless of gender, the pathology of the maxillary sinus of odontogenic origin is most often diagnosed. With age, the number of pathologies of odontogenic origin increase both in men and in women, and the number of pathologies of other origin, including rhinogenic - decreases.
Characteristics of cytokine status in the pathogenesis of experimental periodontitis and immobilization stress
Authors: Olekshij P.
Published: November 2021

The aim of our study is to elucidate changes in the content of pro-inflammatory interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and anti-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-10 (IL-10) in the blood serum of guinea pigs in the dynamics of experimental periodontitis and immobilization stress.The dynamics of the combined pathology (experimental periodontitis and immobilization stress) is accompanied by a pronounced progression of the proinflammatory group of cytokines - TNF-α and IL-6 against the background of declining functional activity of IL-10 at all stages of their formation (3 rd , 5 th and 15 th days) with an advantage on the 15 th day of the experiment. The data obtained indicate an imbalance of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and impaired cytokinogenesis, which is important for the pathogenesis in this combined pathology.
Main factors that cause negative complications of foot function after receiving mechanical traumatic injuries
Authors: Sokol V.
Published: November 2021

The article is devoted to an important and relevant area of ​​forensic and clinical research to clarify and implement in medical theory and practice the main factors that cause negative complications of lower extremity function after fractures and other injuries due to mechanical trauma during traffic accidents ( further - road accident) and lead to permanent disability of more than 33%. Therefore, the aim of the study was to identify the criteria that indicate the occurrence of severe consequences of mechanical injury in the form of permanent disability of more than 33%, and to determine the value of these prognostic criteria.

The material of the study was 180 forensic examinations and tests and medical records of victims of road accidents. Of these, 120 examinations and research - the main group, and 60 - control. A number of current legal documents describing the concepts and types of disability have also been studied.

The methods were scientific analysis of legal sources and methods of descriptive statistics of medical and forensic documentation.

The results of the study allowed us to identify 8 groups of symptoms that cause the negative consequences of post-traumatic changes in the form of permanent disability of more than 33%. Based on the study of these signs, prognostic criteria for modern forensic assessment of the severity of injuries burdened with loss of general ability to work in the above range were developed.

The ranking of these prognostic criteria in the main group (voters) was carried out.

A number of clinical and forensic features of modern forms and types of mechanical trauma of the lower extremities during an accident and the consequences of such injuries have been identified.

A number of inconsistencies of by-laws regulating forensic medical examination in the field of glossary on permanent disability are shown.

Conclusions and recommendations for improving the theory and practice of forensic determination of the degree of disability are given.
Children's feelings and attitude towards medical contacts
Authors: Wojtera Bartosz , Bugaj Agnieszka , Jackowska Joanna
Published: November 2021

Introduction and purpose

Medical procedures can be physically harmful and cause psychological trauma among young children, possibly resulting in certain lifelong aversion. The aim of the study was to evaluate children's feelings while undergoing minor medical procedures depending on age, gender and previous experience and to compare it with university students.

Material and methods

We conducted a survey among 382 primary school children, as well as 334 university students. Questions concerned the frame of mind at the moment of examination, during dentist and general physician appointment, vaccination, hospitalization and condition of sore throat.

Results

The experience of hospital stay resulted in better feelings about possible future hospitalization in both groups, and about dentist appointment in the group of children. Girls and women declared lower mood during general physician appointment. Interestingly, in the group of children boys felt worse at the moment of survey, while in the group of students women felt so. The current frame of mind correlated with an appraisal of all other situations among students, whereas only with physician appointment and vaccination among children. All of above were statistically significant. For both groups, the most unpleasant condition was sore throat. However, in regards to medical procedures exclusively, vaccination appeared to be the most traumatic for children and hospitalization for students.

Conclusion

Earlier experience and gender of children can affect their feelings about medical procedures. Presented analysis suggests that every medical should do their best to provide pleasant atmosphere for every child during medical contacts.
Anomalies of the cerebral arteries in military servants - participants of ATO-OOS, who suffered ischemic strokes
Authors: Teshchuk Viktor , Teshchuk Nazarii , Ruskykh Oleksandr
Published: November 2021

The analysis of medical histories of 129 patients aged 20 to 59 years, who suffered acute cerebrovascular disorders (AСVD) of the ischemic type (IT), and participated in ATO-JFO was carried out. Anomalies of cerebral arteries were found in all of them. A significant role of hypoplasia of the right posterior cerebral artery, aplasia of the posterior connective, left anterior cerebral and anterior connective, as well as pathological S-shaped tortuosity of the internal carotid artery, hypoplasia of the vertebral arteries and their combinations in the development of acute cerebrovascular disorders in ATO members was established.
Evaluation of endogenous intoxication indicators in the dynamics of experimental periodontitis and immobilization stress
Authors: Olekshij P.
Published: November 2021

The aim of our work was to investigate the peculiarities of changes in endogenous intoxication rates: medium mass molecules (MMM) and erythrocyte intoxication index (EII) in the blood of guinea pigs in the formation of combined pathology - experimental periodontitis (EP) and immobilization stress (IS).The results of biochemical studies showed that at all stages of development of combined pathology - experimental periodontitis and immobilization stress there is a consistent increase in the degree of endogenous intoxication, which dominated on the 15th  day of the experiment, namely increased content of medium mass molecules (МMМ254 , MMM280) and  EII in the blood by 58.5% (p≤0.05), 80.3% (p≤0.05) and 95.7% (p≤0.05), respectively, compared with the first group of animals is a clear manifestation of the formation of endogenous intoxication. These changes are obviously the result of insufficient elimination of toxic products on the background of the inflammatory process in periodontal tissues and stress.
Age changes in the tigroid substance of neutrons of the lateral preoptic nucleus of hypothalamus under different light modes
Authors: Bulyk R. , Yosypenko V. , Kryvchanska M. , Vlasova K. , Lukan Y.
Published: November 2021

The article presents analysis of the results of the original histochemical studies of tigroid substance of neurons of the lateral preoptic nucleus of  hypothalamus in mature and old rats under the influence of different light modes. In all observations, the tigroid substance was located in the cytoplasm of neurons of the lateral preoptic nucleus of hypothalamus in the form of individual granular formations of different sizes and shapes. The amount of tigroid substance of neurons of the lateral preoptic nucleus of hypothalamus in mature rats is greater than in older rats. At the same time, it should be noted that different experimental conditions significantly affected the amount of tigroid substance in neurons of the lateral preoptic nucleus of hypothalamus in old rats. In particular, under conditions of light deprivation, the optical density of specific histochemical staining for tigroid substance in neurons of the lateral preoptic nucleus of hypothalamus increased significantly (p<0,001), and under conditions of light stimulation, on the contrary, probably decreased (p<0,001).
Skin changes in the course of COVID-19 as the first symptom in a child - a case report
Authors: Hirszfeld Zbigniew
Published: November 2021

Atypical manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infection are of particular importance in the pediatric population. Due to the lower number of reports in this group, the scale and spectrum of symptoms are still unknown. Skin lesions may precede the onset of the general symptoms of COVID-19 by up to several days. This article describes the case of an 8-year-old girl with skin lesions in the course of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Środowisko polskich historyków – emigrantów po II wojnie światowej jako wspólnota wartości
Authors: Stobiecki Rafał
Published: November 2021

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Problematyczne konkury. Nieznane okoliczności starań Michała Kazimierza Radziwiłła (zm. 1762) o rękę Marii Zofii Sieniawskiej (zm. 1771)
Authors: Penkała-Jastrzębska Anna
Published: November 2021

W artykule zostały przeanalizowane nieznane okoliczności pertraktacji o zawarcie związku Michała Kazimierza Radziwiłła i Marii Zofii Sieniawskiej. Na podstawie zachowanej korespondencji ich krewnych i koligatów podjęto analizę procesu przygotowań do ich ślubu, konsolidacji stronnictwa popierającego kandydata, znaczenia prywatnych interesów samych Sieniawskich rozgrywanych przy okazji projektowania ślubu ich córki, a wreszcie okoliczności, w jakich doszło do zerwania zaręczyn przez Sieniawskich. Działania mające doprowadzić do zawarcia wskazanego związku ukazują wreszcie znaczenie polityki małżeńskiej i jej wpływu na budowanie pozycji rodziny szlacheckiej w dobie nowożytnej.
A guarantee of safety, a cautionary tale or a celebration? Popularity of true crime narratives through the lens of Mary Douglas’s concepts of pollution and defilement
Authors: Antoniak Joanna
Published: November 2021

The fascination with crime, hastily described by some as a symptom of moral degradation of Western culture, seems to be a defence mechanism used by individuals to deal with social transgressions and anomalies represented by serious crimes. The aim of this article is to analyse the growing popularity of true crime through the lens of Mary Douglas’s theory of purity and pollution, with a particular emphasis on the methods of dealing with anomalies appearing within conceptual schemata of a given culture. For this purpose, the text has been divided into four parts: the first part briefly presents the history of true crime; the second part analyses the idea of murder through the lens of Douglas’s theory; the third part discusses the reasons behind the popularity of true crime narratives; and the fourth part showcases how individuals use true crime stories as tools to deal with anomalies.
Motyw drogi w myśli teologicznej o Kościele ks. prof. Janusza St. Pasierba
Authors: Laddach Agnieszka
Published: November 2021

Artykuł stanowi analizę wybranych publikacji ks. prof. dra hab. Janusza Pasierba ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem homilii wygłoszonej w kościele parafialnym w Żabnie w drugą niedzielę adwentu, 7 grudnia 1986 r. z okazji trzystulecia istnienia tejże świątyni. W pierwszej części przedstawiono treści zawarte w homilii. W drugiej zwraca się uwagę na dane dotyczące ludzi tworzących różnego rodzaju grupy społeczne przebywające na przestrzeni wieków w Żabnie. Ustalenia na ten temat zostają odniesione do obrazu Kościoła rozumianego jako wspólnota ludzi ochrzczonych. W zakończeniu wskazane są wnioski, jakie płyną z nauczania ks. J.S. Pasierba. W podsumowaniu zaakcentowano wyprowadzenie przez kaznodzieję wniosków o charakterze teologicznym z danych historycznych dotyczących dziejów Żabna oraz przybywającej do miasteczka ludności.
Kajian Pengelolaan Kawasan Mangrove Pesisir Selatan Kabupaten Bangkalan Berdasarkan UU No 1 Tahun 2014
Authors: Rosyid Daniel Mohammad , Sujantoko Sujantoko , Armono Haryo Dwito , Djatmiko Eko Budi , Wardhana Wisnu , Prastianto Rudi Walujo , Mulyadi Yeyes , Kurniati Nani , Wardhani Maulinna Kusumo
Published: November 2021

Implementasi UU No 1 tahun 2014 dan UU No 23 tahun 2014 terlihat dalam pengelolaan kawasan hutan mangrove berada di bawah kewenangan Provinsi Jawa Timur. Namun demikian, masyarakat pesisir selatan Kabupaten Bangkalan dapat memanfaatkan sesuai dengan peraturan dan perundangan yang berlaku. Penerapan Perpres No 80 tahun 2019 dapat menjadi pendorong terbangunnya kawasan wisata di pesisir Kecamatan Modung melalui pemanfaatan sumberdaya alamnya. Pesisir Selatan Kabupaten Bangkalan berupaya membangun desa pesisir dengan zona-zona wisata. Perencanaan pengelolaan kawasan mangrove di pesisir selatan Kabupaten Bangkalan dalam revisi  RTRW tahun 2020 ini diharapkan dapat dilakukan kolaborasi antara pemerintah kabupaten dan pemerintah propinsi sebagai bentuk implementasi UU No 1 tahun 2014 dan UU No 23 tahun 2014 dengan konsep pembangunan yang berkelanjutan dan terintegrasi.
Rancang Bangun Aksesoris Gagang Pintu Berbasis Teknologi 3Dprint sebagai Upaya Meminimalkan Penularan COVID19 di Gedung Akademik
Authors: Ardianto Okta Putra Setio , Kristianto Thomas Ari , Rucitra Anggra Ayu , Budianto Caesario Ari , Mahardhika Satria
Published: November 2021

Tujuan Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) nomer tiga adalah mewujudkan kehidupan yang sehat dan sejahtera. Pandemi COVID19 adalah tantangan berat pada pemenuhan tujuan tersebut. Dari data penangangan pandemi, sampai awal tahun 2021 belum ditemukannya strategi yang efisien untuk penyelesaian pandemi sehingga membuat kolaborasi berbagai disiplin ilmu dan teknologi oleh masyarakat dunia untuk melawan COVID 19 menjadi mendesak dan penting untuk dilakukan. Salah satu cara penyebaran virus yang umum adalah virus terbawa droplet dari penderita yang menempel pada benda keseharian di tempat umum seperti gagang pintu dan tersentuh oleh orang yang sehat dan penularan terjadi ketika tangan yang terkontaminasi memegang bagian wajah. Pada tulisan ini dibahas salah satu upaya penanggulangan penyebaran pandemi dengan pengembangan desain baru aksesoris gagang pintu sebagai kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat yang dapat digunakan pengguna dengan prinsip contactless di gedung akademik sehingga penggunaan pintu dapat dengan lengan tanpa harus dipegang dengan tangan. Metode yang digunakan adalah dengan prinsip design thinking yang mengembangkan desain baru dari ide hingga pengujian purwarupa menggunakan printer 3D. Dari serangkaian kegiatan pengembangan desain didapat tipikal desain baru aksesoris gagang pintu yang dapat diterapkan pada area lorong, akses ruang dan toilet yang telah melampaui proses pengujian purwarupa.
Pengenalan Analisis Statistika untuk Meningkatkan Penelitian dan Publikasi Fungsional Statistisi di Jawa Timur
Authors: Fithriasari Kartika , Iriawan Nur , Mukarromah Adatul , Irhamah Irhamah , Kuswanto Heri , Setya Winahju Wiwiek , Siti Nuraini Ulfa
Published: November 2021

Jabatan fungsional statistisi memiliki tugas utama yaitu melakukan kegiatan statistik. Kegiatan statistik ini termasuk penyediaan data dan informasi statistik serta analisis dan pengembangan statistik. Jabatan fungsional statistisi dalam menjalankan tugasnya, perlunya peningkatan kemampuan dengan mengikuti pelatihan di bidang statistika. Pelatihan ini juga perlu keluaran yang sesuai dengan yang dibutuhkan fungsional statistisi. Oleh karena itu, pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk membantu meningkatkan kompetensi fungsional statistisi pada berbagai instansi di Jawa Timur dalam mengolah data dan publikasi, diharapkan dengan adanya pelatihan ini bisa meningkatkan kebergunaan informasi yang diperoleh agar dapat tersalurkan dengan baik. Materi yang disampaikan yaitu Statistika Data Driven, Visual dan Analisis Data, serta Karya Ilmiah dan Publikasi. Setelah adanya pelatihan, dilanjutkan dengan pendampingan terhadap fungsional statistisi dalam pengolahan data dan pembuatan karya ilmiah yang disusun oleh fungsional statistisi. Selain itu, manfaat yang dapat diperoleh yaitu terjalinnya kerja sama yang baik antara fungsional statistisi di Jawa Timur dan Departemen Statistika di Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
A new species of the genus Stiltoblosyrus Davidian, 2020 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Entiminae) from China
Authors: DAVIDIAN GENRIK
Published: November 2021

A new species Stiltoblosyrus serratulus Davidian, sp. nov. is described from Sichuan Province of China. It is the northernmost species of the genus Stiltoblosyrus (Davidian, 2020). From all of the congeners it easily differs in row of large and stout spines at the inner side of hind tibia of the male. New species closely related to S. laticollis Davidian, 2020 and S. brevicornis Davidian, 2020 in size of the process at the inner apical angle of hind tibia of the male, which is distinctly shorter than 2nd segment of hind tarsus. Colour illustrations of habitus and important morphological characters are presented.
Enhanced Real-Time Intermediate Flow Estimation for Video Frame Interpolation
Authors: Kim Minseop , Choi Haechul
Published: November 2021

Recently, the demand for high-quality video content has rapidly been increasing, led by the development of network technology and the growth in video streaming platforms. In particular, displays with a high refresh rate, such as 120 Hz, have become popular. However, the visual quality is only enhanced if the video stream is produced at the same high frame rate. For the high quality, conventional videos with a low frame rate should be converted into a high frame rate in real time. This paper introduces a bidirectional intermediate flow estimation method for real-time video frame interpolation. A bidirectional intermediate optical flow is directly estimated to predict an accurate intermediate frame. For real-time processing, multiple frames are interpolated with a single intermediate optical flow and parts of the network are implemented in 16-bit floating-point precision. Perceptual loss is also applied to improve the cognitive performance of the interpolated frames. The experimental results showed a high prediction accuracy of 35.54 dB on the Vimeo90K triplet benchmark dataset. The interpolation speed of 84 fps was achieved for 480p resolution.
Empathy is key: addressing obstacles to policy progress of ‘work-focused healthcare’
Authors: Bartys Serena , Martin Rachel , Parker Christine , Edmondson Amanda , Burton Kim
Published: November 2021

Background:

In 2019, Public Health England commissioned the authors of this paper to conduct research examining healthcare professionals’ conversations about work with their patients to inform policy aimed at reducing work loss due to ill health.

Aims and objectives:

The purpose of this paper is to show how the commission provided a unique opportunity for the authors to collaborate with the funders to address obstacles to policy progress.

Methods:

A steering group was established to revise the original remit of research. In outlining that process here, qualitative data collected from a wide range of healthcare professionals as part of the commission are presented for the first time. We are able to further illuminate and expand on the previously published report findings and policy recommendations, revealing novel insights on researcher-policy engagement.

Findings:

Robust implementation of ‘work-focused healthcare’ policy has been limited, resulting in an overwhelming lack of empirical data and misguided directives. However, the existing evidence did provide important information about obstacles to policy progress and how to overcome them. The qualitative data were instrumental in this respect, with healthcare professionals revealing various interpretations of, and discourse on the policy.

Discussion and conclusions:

This paper adds to the expanding literature which suggests that long term, mutualistic, collaborative working is central to addressing barriers to improving evidence use and mobilising health policy into practice. It was shown that tacit, generous, open, empathic and ongoing knowledge exchange, advocacy, and alliances are needed.
Using feminist theory as a research method in the examination of trauma-informed care in a non-profit organisation
Authors: Hardner Kimberly L. , Wolf Molly R.
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this qualitative study was to gather information about the experiences of staff at a non-profit agency in the United States as the organisation transitioned towards the implementation of trauma-informed care (TIC). In non-profit organisations, TIC (that is, safety, trustworthiness, choice, collaboration and empowerment) enhances the wellbeing of employees and clients by acknowledging the impact of trauma and reducing the risk of retraumatisation. Feminist theory was utilised to inform this study to empower participants to voice their experiences and to analyse the organisation’s commitment to the principles of TIC. Four focus groups were conducted (N = 17 participants in total) and all participants reported that the organisational culture was moving in a positive direction. Even in the early stages of the implementation of TIC, management reported feeling empowered and supported by the organisation; however, many participants noted that significant work will need to continue to enhance the emotional safety and empowerment of direct-line workers.
Radial distribution gain at 633  nm in a He–Ne RF-excited small bore discharge
Authors: Giacomelli Umberto , Beverini Nicolò , Di Virgilio Angela , Maccioni Enrico , Marsili Paolo
Published: November 2021

Devices as large as ring laser gyroscopes (RLGs) for fundamental physics and geophysics investigation are currently run by means of radio frequency (RF) power supply systems. This is not the standard method to supply a gas laser, which typically is powered by a DC system. In literature, RF power supply lasers were studied several years ago, and to correctly understand the behavior of devices such as RLGs, a more detailed study has been pursued. Detailed study of the radial distribution of the optical gain of a He–Ne discharge cell in function of gas pressure and radio frequency (RF) power supply will be illustrated, discussed, and compared with existing literature. The presented analysis demonstrates that it is possible to optimize ring laser gyroscope (RLG) operation with a proper choice of gas pressure and power level of the RF power supply. Accordingly, we have been able to establish transversal and longitudinal single-mode operation of our prototype GP2.
High Q-factor plasmonic filter based on MIM structures and its application in the design of a dual band demultiplexer for optical communication wavelengths
Authors: Abdolalipour Fatemeh , Pourmahyabadi Maryam
Published: November 2021

One of the key components in optical integrated circuits is bandpass filters. In this article, a scheme of plasmonic filters consisting of a nanodisk cavity coupled with two

T

-shaped metal–insulator–metal (MIM) waveguides is presented. The nanodisk cavity is in a square or rectangular shape. The effects of the geometrical parameters variations on the transmission spectrum are investigated. The results of the numerical simulation analysis indicate that the perfect transmission peak can be achieved by optimizing the structure parameters. Hence, the appropriate dimensions of this structure for operating in the optical communication wavelength range (from

O

to

L

bands) are obtained. Also, the proposed filter exhibits the transmission peak of 0.99 and the high quality factors (

Q

-factors) of 91 and 109.25 at the wavelengths of 1550 nm and 1310 nm, respectively. In addition, a design of two-channel demultiplexer is presented, in which the waveguides are connected by

T

or

Y

junctions. The results show that the proposed structure exhibits the transmission peaks of 0.8 and 0.67 and the

Q

-factors of 65 and 103.3 at the resonance wavelengths of 1310 nm and 1550 nm, respectively.
Optical emitter based on micro-scaled photonic structures
Authors: Choi Kwong-Kit , Dutta Achyut K.
Published: November 2021

A midwave infrared light emitting device (LED) with a micro-scaled photonic structure coupling to a resonator is proposed. The photonic structure is used to create localized surface plasmons (LSP), with which significant optical confinement can occur near the surface, thereby increasing the internal emission quantum efficiency. The LED volume is further designed into a resonator, with which the LSP resonates with the radiating mode of the resonator, thereby increasing the light extraction efficiency. The similarly designed structure can also be used as a wavelength-selective passive emitter to suppress the thermal radiation beyond a cutoff wavelength. Therefore, the designed emitter structure can be useful in a wide range of applications.
Modeling the effects of Aedes aegypti’s larval environment on adult body mass at emergence
Authors: Walker Melody , Chandrasegaran Karthikeyan , Vinauger Clément , Robert Michael A. , Childs Lauren M.
Published: November 2021

Mosquitoes vector harmful pathogens that infect millions of people every year, and developing approaches to effectively control mosquitoes is a topic of great interest. However, the success of many control measures is highly dependent upon ecological, physiological, and life history traits of mosquito species. The behavior of mosquitoes and their potential to vector pathogens can also be impacted by these traits. One trait of interest is mosquito body mass, which depends upon many factors associated with the environment in which juvenile mosquitoes develop. Our experiments examined the impact of larval density on the body mass of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, which are important vectors of dengue, Zika, yellow fever, and other pathogens. To investigate the interactions between the larval environment and mosquito body mass, we built a discrete time mathematical model that incorporates body mass, larval density, and food availability and fit the model to our experimental data. We considered three categories of model complexity informed by data, and selected the best model within each category using Akaike’s Information Criterion. We found that the larval environment is an important determinant of the body mass of mosquitoes upon emergence. Furthermore, we found that larval density has greater impact on body mass of adults at emergence than on development time, and that inclusion of density dependence in the survival of female aquatic stages in models is important. We discuss the implications of our results for the control of Aedes mosquitoes and on their potential to spread disease.
NF-κB modifies the mammalian circadian clock through interaction with the core clock protein BMAL1
Authors: Shen Yang , Endale Mehari , Wang Wei , Morris Andrew R. , Francey Lauren J. , Harold Rachel L. , Hammers David W. , Huo Zhiguang , Partch Carrie L. , Hogenesch John B. , Wu Zhao-Hui , Liu Andrew C.
Published: November 2021

In mammals, the circadian clock coordinates cell physiological processes including inflammation. Recent studies suggested a crosstalk between these two pathways. However, the mechanism of how inflammation affects the clock is not well understood. Here, we investigated the role of the proinflammatory transcription factor NF-κB in regulating clock function. Using a combination of genetic and pharmacological approaches, we show that perturbation of the canonical NF-κB subunit RELA in the human U2OS cellular model altered core clock gene expression. While RELA activation shortened period length and dampened amplitude, its inhibition lengthened period length and caused amplitude phenotypes. NF-κB perturbation also altered circadian rhythms in the master suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) clock and locomotor activity behavior under different light/dark conditions. We show that RELA, like the clock repressor CRY1, repressed the transcriptional activity of BMAL1/CLOCK at the circadian E-box cis-element. Biochemical and biophysical analysis showed that RELA binds to the transactivation domain of BMAL1. These data support a model in which NF-kB competes with CRY1 and coactivator CBP/p300 for BMAL1 binding to affect circadian transcription. This is further supported by chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis showing that binding of RELA, BMAL1 and CLOCK converges on the E-boxes of clock genes. Taken together, these data support a significant role for NF-κB in directly regulating the circadian clock and highlight mutual regulation between the circadian and inflammatory pathways.
Adverse pregnancy outcomes in women with diabetes-related microvascular disease and risks of disease progression in pregnancy: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Relph Sophie , Patel Trusha , Delaney Louisa , Sobhy Soha , Thangaratinam Shakila
Published: November 2021

Background

The rise in the global prevalence of diabetes, particularly among younger people, has led to an increase in the number of pregnant women with preexisting diabetes, many of whom have diabetes-related microvascular complications. We aimed to estimate the magnitude of the risks of adverse pregnancy outcomes or disease progression in this population.

Methods and findings

We undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis on maternal and perinatal complications in women with type 1 or 2 diabetic microvascular disease and the risk factors for worsening of microvascular disease in pregnancy using a prospective protocol (PROSPERO CRD42017076647). We searched major databases (January 1990 to July 2021) for relevant cohort studies. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale. We summarized the findings as odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using random effects meta-analysis. We included 56 cohort studies involving 12,819 pregnant women with diabetes; including 40 from Europe and 9 from North America. Pregnant women with diabetic nephropathy were at greater risk of preeclampsia (OR 10.76, CI 6.43 to 17.99,p< 0.001), early (<34 weeks) (OR 6.90, 95% CI 3.38 to 14.06,p< 0.001) and any preterm birth (OR 4.48, CI 3.40 to 5.92,p< 0.001), and cesarean section (OR 3.04, CI 1.24 to 7.47,p= 0.015); their babies were at higher risk of perinatal death (OR 2.26, CI 1.07 to 4.75,p= 0.032), congenital abnormality (OR 2.71, CI 1.58 to 4.66,p< 0.001), small for gestational age (OR 16.89, CI 7.07 to 40.37,p< 0.001), and admission to neonatal unit (OR 2.59, CI 1.72 to 3.90,p< 0.001) compared to those without nephropathy. Diabetic retinopathy was associated with any preterm birth (OR 1.67, CI 1.27 to 2.20,p< 0.001) and preeclampsia (OR 2.20, CI 1.57 to 3.10,p< 0.001) but not other complications. The risks of onset or worsening of retinopathy were increased in women who were nulliparous (OR 1.75, 95% CI 1.28 to 2.40,p< 0.001), smokers (OR 2.31, 95% CI 1.25 to 4.27,p= 0.008), with existing proliferative disease (OR 2.12, 95% CI 1.11 to 4.04,p= 0.022), and longer duration of diabetes (weighted mean difference: 4.51 years, 95% CI 2.26 to 6.76,p< 0.001) compared to those without the risk factors. The main limitations of this analysis are the heterogeneity of definition of retinopathy and nephropathy and the inclusion of women both with type 1 and type 2 diabetes.

Conclusions

In pregnant women with diabetes, presence of nephropathy and/or retinopathy appear to further increase the risks of maternal complications.
Origin and evolutionary landscape of Nr2f transcription factors across Metazoa
Authors: Coppola Ugo , Waxman Joshua S.
Published: November 2021

Background

Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 2 Group F (Nr2f) orphan nuclear hormone transcription factors (TFs) are fundamental regulators of many developmental processes in invertebrates and vertebrates. Despite the importance of these TFs throughout metazoan development, previous work has not clearly outlined their evolutionary history.

Results

We integrated molecular phylogeny with comparisons of intron/exon structure, domain architecture, and syntenic conservation to define critical evolutionary events that distinguish the Nr2f gene family in Metazoa. Our data indicate that a single ancestral eumetazoan Nr2f gene predated six main Bilateria subfamilies, which include single Nr2f homologs, here referred to as Nr2f1/2/5/6, that are present in invertebrate protostomes and deuterostomes, Nr2f1/2 homologs in agnathans, and Nr2f1, Nr2f2, Nr2f5, and Nr2f6 orthologs that are found in gnathostomes. Four cnidarian Nr2f1/2/5/6 and three agnathan Nr2f1/2 members are each due to independent expansions, while the vertebrate Nr2f1/Nr2f2 and Nr2f5/Nr2f6 members each form paralogous groups that arose from the established series of whole-genome duplications (WGDs). Nr2f6 members are the most divergent Nr2f subfamily in gnathostomes. Interestingly, in contrast to the other gnathostome Nr2f subfamilies, Nr2f5 has been independently lost in numerous vertebrate lineages. Furthermore, our analysis shows there are differential expansions and losses of Nr2f genes in teleosts following their additional rounds of WGDs.

Conclusion

Overall, our analysis of Nr2f gene evolution helps to reveal the origins and previously unrecognized relationships of this ancient TF family, which may allow for greater insights into the conservation of Nr2f functions that shape Metazoan body plans.