bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Engineering the Interlayer Spacing by Pre‐Intercalation for High Performance Supercapacitor MXene Electrodes in Room Temperature Ionic Liquid
Authors: Liang Kun , Matsumoto Ray A. , Zhao Wei , Osti Naresh C. , Popov Ivan , Thapaliya Bishnu P. , Fleischmann Simon , Misra Sudhajit , Prenger Kaitlyn , Tyagi Madhusudan , Mamontov Eugene , Augustyn Veronica , Unocic Raymond R. , Sokolov Alexei P. , Dai Sheng , Cummings Peter T. , Naguib Michael
Published: June 2021

MXenes exhibit excellent capacitance at high scan rates in sulfuric acid aqueous electrolytes, but the narrow potential window of aqueous electrolytes limits the energy density. Organic electrolytes and room‐temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) can provide higher potential windows, leading to higher energy density. The large cation size of RTIL hinders its intercalation in‐between the layers of MXene limiting the specific capacitance in comparison to aqueous electrolytes. In this work, different chain lengths alkylammonium (AA) cations are intercalated into Ti3C2Tx, producing variation of MXene interlayer spacings (d‐spacing). AA‐cation‐intercalated Ti3C2Tx (AA‐Ti3C2), exhibits higher specific capacitances, and cycling stabilities than pristine Ti3C2Tx in 1 m 1‐ethly‐3‐methylimidazolium bis‐(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)‐imide (EMIMTFSI) in acetonitrile and neat EMIMTFSI RTIL electrolytes. Pre‐intercalated MXene with an interlayer spacing of ≈2.2 nm, can deliver a large specific capacitance of 257 F g−1 (1428 mF cm−2 and 492 F cm−3) in neat EMIMTFSI electrolyte leading to high energy density. Quasi elastic neutron scattering and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy are used to study the dynamics of confined RTIL in pre‐intercalated MXene. Molecular dynamics simulations suggest significant differences in the structures of RTIL ions and AA cations inside the Ti3C2Tx interlayer, providing insights into the differences in the observed electrochemical behavior.
Delivery by Dendritic Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles Enhances the Antimicrobial Activity of a Napsin‐Derived Peptide Against Intracellular Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Authors: Beitzinger Bastian , Gerbl Fabian , Vomhof Thomas , Schmid Roman , Noschka Reiner , Rodriguez Armando , Wiese Sebastian , Weidinger Gilbert , Ständker Ludger , Walther Paul , Michaelis Jens , Lindén Mika , Stenger Steffen
Published: June 2021

Tuberculosis remains a serious global health problem causing 1.3 million deaths annually. The causative pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) has developed several mechanisms to evade the immune system and resistances to many conventional antibiotics, so that alternative treatment strategies are urgently needed. By isolation from bronchoalveolar lavage and peptide optimization, a new antimicrobial peptide named NapFab is discovered. While showing robust activity against extracellular Mtb, the activity of NapFab against intracellular bacteria is limited due to low intracellular availability. By loading NapFab onto dendritic mesoporous silica nanoparticles (DMSN) as a carrier system, cellular uptake, and consequently antimycobacterial activity against intracellular Mtb is significantly enhanced. Furthermore, using lattice light‐sheet fluorescence microscopy, it can be shown that the peptide is gradually released from the DMSN inside living macrophages over time. By electron microscopy and tomography, it is demonstrated that peptide loaded DMSN are stored in vesicular structures in proximity to mycobacterial phagosomes inside the cells, but the nanoparticles are typically not in direct contact with the bacteria. Based on the combination of functional and live‐cell imaging analyses, it is hypothesized that after being released from the DMSN NapFab is able to enter the bacterial phagosome and gain access to the bacilli.
Electrolyte Salt Chemistry Enables 3D Nitrogen and Phosphorus Dual‐Doped Graphene Aerogels for High‐Performance Potassium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Gao Xinran , Dong Xiaoyu , Xing Zheng , Nie Chuanhao , Zheng Guojun , Ju Zhicheng
Published: June 2021

Potassium‐ion batteries (PIBs) have attracted tremendous attentions for scalable electrical energy storage owing to the abundant K resources. Heteroatom co‐doped hard carbon is considered to be a reliable material to boost ion transport and provide active sites for reversible potassium storage. Herein, N/P dual‐doped 3D graphene aerogels (NPGAs) with hierarchical pores, enlarged interlayer distance, and high doping level are successfully synthesized, which exhibit outstanding electrochemical performance for PIBs. A detailed comparative study found that promoted coulombic efficiency, improved specific capacity (507 mAh g−1 at 100 mA g−1 after 100 cycles) and excellent cycle performance (106 mAh g−1 at 5000 mA g−1 after 3000 cycles) can be reached by replacing KPF6 with potassium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (KFSI). Further kinetic analysis reveals that NPGAs present more capacitive behavior of K‐ion, low resistance, and fast K‐ion conductivity by virtue of the advanced solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) film formed in KFSI‐EC/DEC electrolyte. Ex situ XPS, SEM, and TEM all confirm a physical flexible, chemical stable, and inorganic SEI layer formed on the surface of the electrode. In general, this work promotes a deep understanding of the mechanism of potassium storage and provides more opportunities for practical PIBs.
Intelligent Molybdenum Disulfide Complexes as a Platform for Cooperative Imaging‐Guided Tri‐Mode Chemo‐Photothermo‐Immunotherapy
Authors: Hu Wei , Xiao Tingting , Li Du , Fan Yu , Xing Lingxi , Wang Xipeng , Li Yulin , Shi Xiangyang , Shen Mingwu
Published: June 2021

Design of new nanoplatforms that integrates multiple imaging and therapeutic components for precision cancer nanomedicine remains to be challenging. Here, a facile strategy is reported to prepare polydopamine (PDA)‐coated molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) nanoflakes as a nanocarrier to load dual drug cisplatin (Pt) and 1‐methyl‐tryptophan (1‐MT) for precision tumor theranostics. Preformed MoS2 nanoflakes are coated with PDA, modified with methoxy‐polyethylene glycol (PEG)‐amine, and loaded with 1‐MT and Pt. The formed functional 1‐MT‐Pt‐PPDA@MoS2 (the second P stands for PEG) complexes exhibit good colloidal stability and photothermal conversion efficiency (47.9%), dual pH‐, and photothermal‐sensitive drug release profile, and multimodal thermal, computed tomography and photoacoustic imaging capability. Due to the respective components of Pt, MoS2, and 1‐MT that can block the immune checkpoint associated to tumoral indoleamine 2,3‐dioxygenase‐induced tryptophan metabolism, tri‐mode chemo‐photothermo‐immunotherapy of tumors can be realized. In particular, under the near infrared laser irradiation, fast release of both drugs can be facilitated to achieve cooperative tumor therapy effect, and the combined immunogenic cell death induced by the dual‐mode chemo‐photothermo treatment and the 1‐MT‐induced immune checkpoint blockade can boost enhanced antitumor immune response to generate significant cytotoxic T cells for tumor killing. The developed 1‐MT‐Pt‐PPDA@MoS2 complexes may be used as an intelligent nanoplatform for cooperative precision imaging‐guided combinational tumor therapy.
Robust, Long‐Term, and Exceptionally Sensitive Microneedle‐Based Bioimpedance Sensor for Precision Farming
Authors: Bukhamsin Abdullah , Moussi Khalil , Tao Ran , Lubineau Gilles , Blilou Ikram , Salama Khaled Nabil , Kosel Jürgen
Published: June 2021

Precision farming has the potential to increase global food production capacity whilst minimizing traditional inputs. However, the adoption and impact of precision farming are contingent on the availability of sensors that can discern the state of crops, while not interfering with their growth. Electrical impedance spectroscopy offers an avenue for nondestructive monitoring of crops. To that end, it is reported on the deployment of impedimetric sensors utilizing microneedles (MNs) that can be used to pierce the waxy exterior of plants to obtain sensitive impedance spectra in open‐air settings with an average relative noise value of 3.83%. The sensors are fabricated using a novel micromolding and release method that is compatible with UV photocurable and thermosetting polymers. Assessments of the quality of the MNs under scanning electron microscopy show that the replication process is high in fidelity to the original design of the master mold and that it can be used for upward of 20 replication cycles. The sensor's performance is validated against conventional planar sensors for obtaining the impedance values of Arabidopsis thaliana. As a change is detected in impedance due to lighting and hydration, this raises the possibility for their widespread use in precision farming.
3D Printable and Biocompatible Iongels for Body Sensor Applications
Authors: Luque Gisela C. , Picchio Matías L. , Martins Ana P. S. , Dominguez‐Alfaro Antonio , Ramos Nicolás , del Agua Isabel , Marchiori Bastien , Mecerreyes David , Minari Roque J. , Tomé Liliana C.
Published: June 2021

Soft‐ionic materials with biocompatibility and 3D printability are needed to develop next‐generation devices to interface between electronic and biological signals. Herein, thermoreversible and biocompatible ionic liquid gels or iongels, which can be processed by direct ink writing are reported. The iongels are designed by taking advantage of polyvinyl alcohol/phenol interactions to gelify biocompatible cholinium carboxylate ionic liquids. The obtained iongels are stable, soft, and flexible materials (Young modulus between 14 and 70 kPa) with high ionic conductivity (1.8 × 10–2 S cm–1). Interestingly, they presented thermoreversible properties with gel–sol transitions ranging from 85 and 110 °C, which allows the iongel processing via direct ink writing 3D printing by material extrusion at temperatures over its transition. These 3D printable iongels are integrated into a variety of body sensors applications, namely pressure sensors, motion sensors and electrodes for electrophysiological recordings. The iongels are used as pressure sensors with a sensitivity of 0.1 kPa–1, ten times higher than that of others similar materials reported so far; showing its ability to detect human motion. Furthermore, the iongels showed excellent performance in electrodes for electrocardiography (ECG) recording, presenting good stability over time with electrocardiographic waves maintained their typical shape even after weeks.
Giant Piezoelectricity of Deformed Aluminum Nitride Stabilized through Noble Gas Interstitials for Energy Efficient Resonators
Authors: Fiedler Holger , Fuchs Florian , Leveneur Jérôme , Nancarrow Mitchell , Mitchell David R. G. , Schuster Jörg , Kennedy John
Published: June 2021

Aluminum nitride (AlN) is a material for a wide range of microwave‐frequency electronics devices, because of its piezoelectric properties and high chemical stability. To improve the performance of AlN‐based devices, such as acoustic wave filters and energy harvesters, an increased piezoelectric modulus is desirable. Here, an increase of the piezoelectric modulus d33 of this material is achieved by ion implantation of noble gases. For a fluence of 3 × 1016 at cm−2 Ar+, a 30% increase of d33 of AlN is obtained. The improvement is attributed to noble gas atoms implanted into interstitial sites of the wurtzite structure, causing a strong deformation of wurtzite AlN. Density functional theory calculations reveal the formation of deformed, metastable AlN with a 350% increase of the longitudinal piezoelectric coefficient. The ion implantation conditions to prepare AlN with a high piezoelectric coefficient are discussed and verified by X‐ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and scanning transmission electron microscopy. Heavier elements, larger fluences, and an implantation angle not aligned to the wurtzite crystal are preferred since those conditions generate tetrahedrally coordinated interstitials. In contrast, the opposite conditions lead to octahedrally coordinated interstitials prior to relaxation, which activates the silent B1high phonon vibration and results in a reduced piezoelectric coefficient.
Should we use antitrust policies on big agriculture?
Authors: Watson Philip , Winfree Jason
Published: June 2021

This paper discusses the benefits and costs of antitrust intervention in agriculture. We argue that over the long run, fixed costs have increased and marginal costs have decreased, which has created a tension between lower food prices and having a large number of farms. As opposed to policies of most industries, agricultural policy seems to place more importance upon producer surplus instead of consumer surplus, which runs directly counter to the goals of antitrust laws. While protecting small farms may potentially be an appropriate use of other policy instruments (such as the Farm Bill), using antitrust laws to break up large agricultural firms and/or protect small farms may result in higher food prices, which is regressive and exacerbates inequality. Furthermore, the application of antitrust law for the purpose of raising food prices and producer surplus is antithetical to its historic purpose.
Academic springboard: The chief resident position correlates with career path in emergency medicine
Authors: Jordan Jaime , Hopson Laura R. , Clarke Samuel O. , Frisch Adam , Chipman Anne K. , Curato Mark , Janicki Adam , Calles Ignacio , Ilgen Jonathan , Gottlieb Michael
Published: June 2021

Background

The chief resident role often includes additional administrative and educational experiences beyond those of nonchief senior residents. It is unclear to what extent these experiences influence the postresidency career path of those selected as chief residents. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association of chief resident status on immediate postresidency career characteristics relative to nonchief residents in emergency medicine (EM).

Methods

We retrospectively analyzed graduate data from 2016 to 2020 at six accredited EM residency programs. Participating sites were geographically diverse and included 3‐ and 4‐year training formats. Each site abstracted data using a standardized form including program, year of graduation, chief resident status, publications during residency, and immediate postresidency position (academic vs. nonacademic). We calculated descriptive statistics and performed logistic regression to explore differences between the chief resident cohort and other graduates.

Results

We gathered information on 365 total graduates (45.8% from 3‐year programs and 54.2% from 4‐year programs) including 93 (25.5%) chief residents. A total of 129 (35%) graduates assumed an academic position immediately following residency. Fifty‐six (60%) of 93 chief residents assumed an academic position immediately following residency, compared to 74 (27%) of 272 other graduates. After program, year of graduation, and number of publications completed during residency were controlled for, chief resident status was a significant predictor of immediate postresidency academic career (odds ratio for a chief resident assuming an academic job = 5.36, 95% confidence interval = 3.10 to 9.27).

Conclusion

The chief resident role within EM is significantly associated with pursuit of an academic position immediately following residency compared to nonchiefs.
Roles of interaction between components in CZZA/HZSM‐5 catalyst for dimethyl ether synthesis via CO2 hydrogenation
Authors: Fan Xiao , Jin Baitang , Ren Shoujie , Li Shiguang , Yu Miao , Liang Xinhua
Published: June 2021

The roles of interaction between two catalyst components in CuO–ZnO–ZrO2–Al2O3 (CZZA)/HZSM‐5 bifunctional catalyst for dimethyl ether (DME) synthesis via carbon dioxide hydrogenation were investigated. It was found that CZZA catalyst showed excellent stability during methanol (MeOH) synthesis for 100 h, while there was a severe loss of catalytic activity in the bifunctional catalyst for DME synthesis. Hence, the effects of different degrees of intimacy of two catalyst components were studied for DME synthesis, including mixed and separated modes. For the mixed mode, the particle size of catalysts and the amount of reaction intermediates were proven to influence the catalyst deactivation. For the separated mode, the catalysts showed rapid deactivation within a short time. Various characterizations indicated that the remarkable deactivation of separated mode was mainly caused by the decrease of copper active centers (e.g., sintering and oxidation) and blockage of acid sites via increased coke deposition on HZSM‐5.
Cardiovascular phenotypes predict clinical outcomes in sickle cell disease: An echocardiography‐based cluster analysis
Authors: d'Humières Thomas , Savale Laurent , Inamo Jocelyn , Deux Jean‐François , Deswarte Simon , Lionnet Francois , Loko Gylna , Chantalat Christelle , Damy Thibaud , Guillet Henri , Pham Hung d'Alexandry d'Orengiani Anne Laure , Galactéros Frédéric , Audureau Etienne , Maitre Bernard , Humbert Marc , Derumeaux Geneviève , Bartolucci Pablo
Published: June 2021

This study sought to link cardiac phenotypes in homozygous Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) patients with clinical profiles and outcomes using cluster analysis. We analyzed data of 379 patients included in the French Etendard Cohort. A cluster analyses was performed based on echocardiographic variables, and the association between clusters, clinical profiles and outcomes was assessed. Three clusters were identified. Cluster 1 (n = 123) patients had the lowest cardiac output, mild left cardiac cavities remodeling, mild diastolic dysfunction, and higher tricuspid regurgitation velocity (TRV). They were predominantly female and displayed the most altered functional limitation. Cluster 2 (n = 102) patients had the highest cardiac output and the most remodeled cardiac cavities. Diastolic function and TRV were similar to cluster 1. These patients had a higher blood pressure and a severe hemolytic anemia. Cluster 3 (n = 154) patients had mild left cardiac cavities remodeling, normal diastolic function and lowest TRV values. They were younger with the highest hemoglobin value. Right heart catheterization was performed in 94 patients. Cluster 1 (n = 33) included the majority of pre‐capillary PH whilst cluster 2 (n = 34) included post‐capillary PH. No PH was found in cluster 3 (n = 27). After a follow‐up of 11.4 ± 2 years, death occurred in 41 patients (11%). Cluster 2 patients had the worst prognosis with a 19% mortality rate versus 12% in cluster 1 and 5% in cluster 3 (p log‐rank = 0.003). Cluster analysis of echocardiography variables identified three hemodynamic and clinical phenotypes among SCD patients, each predicting a different prognosis.
Thermal, mechanical and γ‐ray shielding properties of micro‐ andnano‐Ta2O5loadedDGEBAepoxy resin composites
Authors: Prabhu Srilakshmi , Bubbly S. G. , Gudennavar Shivappa B.
Published: June 2021

In this work, we have investigated the synergistic effect of micro‐ and nano‐Ta2O5fillers in the epoxy matrix on the thermal, mechanical, and radioprotective properties of the composites. Morphological analysis revealed uniform dispersion of fillers in the matrix. Both the thermal stability and tensile properties of matrices have enhanced in the presence of fillers. Although the nanocomposites showed significantly higher tensile strength and Youngs modulus compared to micro‐composites, the enhancement in these properties was predominant at low loadings. Dynamic mechanical analysis indicated good interfacial adhesion and positive reinforcing effect on the matrix even at higher loading (30 wt%) of nano‐Ta2O5. γ‐Ray attenuation studies performed in the energy range of 0.356–1.332 MeV revealed better γ‐ray shielding ability of nanocomposites compared to microcomposites at same weight fraction of fillers. In particular, γ‐ray attenuation at 0.356 MeV for 30 wt% nano‐Ta2O5loaded epoxy composite was enhanced by around 13% compared to the microcomposite at the same loading. Increased surface‐to‐volume ratio of nanofillers and consequent increase in matrix‐filler adhesion and radiation‐matter interaction have manifested in an overall enhancement in the thermal, mechanical, dynamic mechanical, and radiation shielding characteristics of nano‐Ta2O5/epoxy composites, proving them as promising γ‐ray shields.
Support for using a three‐dimensional anatomy application over anatomical atlases in a randomized comparison
Authors: Zilverschoon Marijn , Custers Eugene J. , ten Cate Olle , Kruitwagen Cas L. J. J. , Bleys Ronald L. A. W.
Published: June 2021

To investigate to what extent the use of a three‐dimensional (3D) anatomy computer application can improve the acquisition of anatomical knowledge compared with anatomical atlases, junior and advanced medical students participated in an experiment. Participants were asked to answer anatomical questions with the use of a 3D anatomy application (developed at the University Medical Center in Utrecht, the Netherlands) or anatomy atlases. Every student had to complete two assignments, either with an atlas or with the 3D anatomy application. One assignment consisted of 20 questions about the anatomy of the hand, the other one had 20 questions about the anatomy of the foot. The scores on the assignments and time to complete the assignments were registered and investigated. A total of 76 students participated. Students scored significantly higher and were significantly faster when they used the 3D anatomy application. Junior medical students were significantly faster than advanced medical students and particularly, advanced students who worked with an atlas needed most time. These results suggest that the 3D anatomy application is more effective as a studying tool, when compared to the use of paper atlases, for both junior and advanced medical students. The difference in time could indicate an influence of the increased number of mental steps it takes to convert two‐dimensional atlas images to a 3D mental representation compared to using the 3D anatomy application, although practical issues explaining this cannot be ruled out. Future studies should establish whether the application leads to better learning/retention and to more time‐efficient studying.
Eco‐friendly synthesis of the Li/Al in nonionic surfactant‐based vesicles (niosomes) modified with graphene oxide quantum dot nanostructures for controlled released of chlorpheniramine maleate
Authors: Pardakhty Abbas , Ranjbar Mehdi , Yahyapour Moghadeseh
Published: June 2021

The aim of the present work was the preparation of Li/Al nanoparticles (NPs) functionalized with graphene oxide quantum dots (GOQDs) for the controlled release of chlorpheniramine maleate (CPAM). The role of lemon and egg white extracts as oxidation agents were investigated for the morphology and particle size of the products. GOQDs were synthesized using green, environmentally friendly, and cost‐effective precursors. This work demonstrates that Li/Al NPs functionalized with graphene oxide as a nanolayer structure can be used as efficient nanocarriers for loading and delivery of CPAM as water‐insoluble aromatic drugs The final products were identified with X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, thermogravimetric analysis, and transmission electron microscopy nitrogen adsorption [i.e. Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area analysis] techniques. The calibration curve for Li/Al nanoparticles functionalized with GOQDs for controlled released of CPAM was calculated as y = 0.0137x + 0.0103 with R2 = 0.9995. The data found through BET and Barrett–Joyner–Halenda analysis using the adsorption/desorption isotherm method demonstrated by total pore volumes and dead volume were calculated respectively as 0.162 nm2, 0.0439 cm3g−1. The mean pore diameter was calculated as 20.33 nm using BET isotherm data.
Process intensification for the production of yellow fever virus‐like particles as potential recombinant vaccine antigen
Authors: Alvim Renata G. F. , Lima Túlio M. , Silva Jerson L. , de Oliveira Guilherme A. P. , Castilho Leda R.
Published: June 2021

Yellow fever (YF) is a life‐threatening viral disease endemic in parts of Africa and Latin America. Although there is a very efficacious vaccine since the 1930s, YF still causes 29,000–60,000 annual deaths. During recent YF outbreaks there were issues of vaccine shortage of the current egg‐derived vaccine; rare but fatal vaccine adverse effects occurred; and cases were imported to Asia, where the circulating mosquito vector could potentially start local transmission. Here we investigated the production of YF virus‐like particles (VLPs) using stably transfected HEK293 cells. Process intensification was achieved by combining sequential FACS (fluorescence‐activated cell sorting) rounds to enrich the stable cell pool in terms of high producers and the use of perfusion processes. At shaken‐tube scale, FACS enrichment of cells allowed doubling VLP production, and pseudoperfusion cultivation (with daily medium exchange) further increased VLP production by 9.3‐fold as compared to batch operation mode. At perfusion bioreactor scale, the use of an inclined settler as cell retention device showed operational advantages over an ATF system. A one‐step steric exclusion chromatography purification allowed significant removal of impurities and is a promising technique for future integration of upstream and downstream operations. Characterization by different techniques confirmed the identity and 3D‐structure of the purified VLPs.
Eating disorders and sexuality: A quantitative study in a French medically assisted procreation course
Authors: Audier‐Bourgain Marie , Baubet Thierry , Pham‐Scottez Alexandra , Corcos Maurice , Nicolas Isabelle
Published: June 2021

Objective

Among medically assisted procreation (MAP) patients, the prevalence of eating disorders (ED), clinical or subclinical, current or past, is considerable. In addition to metabolic repercussions, the literature suggests that these patients present with more sexual dysfunction, leading to anxiety.

This quantitative research on a population of women consulting a MAP department for unexplained or ovulatory infertility proposed to study the sexuality of this population by comparing the sexuality of patients suffering from or having suffered from an ED to the sexuality of the non‐ED group.

Method

Patients (n = 61) filled out the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE‐Q), the Brief Index of Sexual Functioning for Women (BISF‐W), the ED Whole Life Research Questionnaire, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the Kansas Marital Satisfaction Scale (KMSS).

Results

We found a prevalence of 54% of ED, current or past. Even though these patients reported the same prevalence of sexual intercourse, they had significantly more physical problems (e.g., anorgasmia, vaginismus, headache) affecting their sexuality (p = .01) than the non‐ED group, after adjusting for depression. Approximately 10% of the study population reported no intravaginal intercourse during the last month.

Discussion

This study provides evidence for the existence of more sexual dysfunction in patients who have a fertility disorder and have ED or a history of ED. Future research should evaluate the results of psychological or sexological care that may be more suitable for the infertility of these patients.
Linking sustainable business models and supply chains — Toward an integrated value creation framework
Authors: Norris Simon , Hagenbeck Julia , Schaltegger Stefan
Published: June 2021

Extant literature on sustainable business models highlights that value creation stems from resources exchanged in relationships between a focal firm and its stakeholders. In this context, the literature has, so far, focused on direct relationships. However, despite the acknowledged relevance of sustainability issues in supply chains, this relational view of the focal company and its direct stakeholders has not been extended toward value creation for and with indirect stakeholders, such as stakeholders of suppliers. Addressing this gap, this conceptual article integrates a relational view of sustainable supply chain management into the management of sustainable business models. It extends the scope of sustainable business models from relationships between the focal firm and its direct stakeholders to indirect relationships with stakeholders of suppliers. A framework is developed that supports analysis and management of value‐creating relationships between the focal firm, suppliers, and stakeholders of suppliers. By extending the conceptualization of sustainable business models to consider relationship chains beyond direct relationships, this article proposes that a focal firm has to actively manage interactions both with suppliers and with suppliers' stakeholders.
Improvement of the efficiency and quality in developing a new CHO host cell line
Authors: Huhn Steven C. , Ou Yang , Tang Xiaoyan , Jiang Bo , Liu Ren , Lin Henry , Du Zhimei
Published: June 2021

Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells are a ubiquitous tool for industrial therapeutic recombinant protein production. However, consistently generating high‐producing clones remains a major challenge during the cell line development process. The glutamine synthetase (GS) and dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) selection systems are commonly used CHO expression platforms based on controlling the balance of expression between the transgenic and endogenous GS or DHFR genes. Since the expression of the endogenous selection gene in CHO hosts can interfere with selection, generating a corresponding null CHO cell line is required to improve selection stringency, productivity, and stability. However, the efficiency of generating bi‐allelic genetic knockouts using conventional protocols is very low (<5%). This significantly affects clone screening efficiency and reduces the chance of identifying robust knockout host cell lines. In this study, we use the GS expression system as an example to improve the genome editing process with zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs), resulting in improved GS‐knockout efficiency of up to 46.8%. Furthermore, we demonstrate a process capable of enriching knockout CHO hosts with robust bioprocess traits. This integrated host development process yields a larger number of GS‐knockout hosts with desired growth and recombinant protein expression characteristics.
Take intentional steps to increase accountability, diversity within department
Authors: Sutton Halley
Published: June 2021

Doreen Jokerst knew that she wanted to work in law enforcement after a childhood visit to Alcatraz. Jokerst, who is currently the Police Chief for the University of Colorado, Boulder, spent about 20 years in municipal policing before being hired at CU. She shared how she's increased transparency within her department and her tips for actively recruiting a more diverse department.
Make choices that enable creativity, happiness despite disruption
Authors: Hope Joan
Published: June 2021

When kids are three or four, everything in their life is a celebration, said Joel Zeff, President of Joel Zeff Creative and author of Make the Right Choice: Creating a Positive, Innovative, and Productive Work Life. He was a keynote speaker at the American Association of Collegiate Registrars and Admissions Officers annual conference. Celebrating their “ta‐da” moments fuels their confidence and interest in taking risk, he added.
Provide advocates for respondents as part of student conduct process
Authors: McCarthy Claudine
Published: June 2021

Not many colleges and universities provide advisors or advocates for respondents going through the student conduct process. The new Title IX regulations require institutions to provide both complainants and respondents with the opportunity to select an advisor to represent them through the investigation, hearing, and cross‐examination process.
A New Apotirucallane from Walsura trichostemon Leaves and Its Antibacterial and α‐Glucosidase Inhibitory Activities
Authors: Suchaichit Nattawut , Pitchuanchom Siripit , Kanokmedhakul Kwanjai , Moosophon Panawan , Chompoosor Apiwat , Kanokmedhakul Somdej , Suchaichit Natcha P.
Published: June 2021

Phytochemical investigation of Walsura trichostemon leaves led to the isolation of a new apotirucallane‐type triterpenoid, 11,25‐dideacetyl‐16‐hydroxytrichostemonate (1), along with two known apotirucallane‐type triterpenoids (2 and 3), two known tirucallane‐type triterpenes (4 and 5), and two known steroids (6 and 7). Their structures were identified by intensive analysis of 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance, infrared, and mass spectrometry data, which were compared with data reported in the literature. Compounds 2, 3, and 5 exhibited moderate antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value: 64 μg/mL), and compound 4 showed weak antibacterial activity against P. aeruginosa (MIC: 128 μg/mL). Furthermore, compound 5 displayed activity against Bacillus cereus (MIC: 64 μg/mL). In addition, compound 4 showed stronger α‐glucosidase inhibitory activity than the control, acarbose. The active compound 4 was subjected to molecular docking experiments using AutoDock4 and revealed precise interactions with the active gorge of the enzyme through hydrogen bonding, supporting the in vitro results.
Phytochemical Profile and Antioxidant Activity of the Aerial Part Extracts from Matthiola incana subsp. rupestris and subsp. pulchella (Brassicaceae) Endemic to Sicily
Authors: Miceli Natalizia , Cavò Emilia , Spadaro Vivienne , Raimondo Francesco Maria , Ragusa Salvatore , Cacciola Francesco , El Majdoub Yassine Oulad , Arena Katia , Mondello Luigi , Condurso Concetta , Cincotta Fabrizio , Taviano Maria Fernanda
Published: June 2021

As part of a project aimed at investigating the Matthiola taxa endemic to Sicily (Italy), this study focused on Matthiola incana, an edible species used in the traditional medicine of various countries. Herein, the characterization of phenolic and volatile compounds, the antioxidant capacity in vitro (1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazil (DPPH), reducing power and Fe2+ chelating activity assays) and the toxicity test (Artemia salina lethality bioassay) of the hydroalcoholic extracts from the aerial parts of M. incana subsp. rupestris from Mt. Pellegrino (Palermo) and Mt. Erice (Trapani), and of M. incana subsp. pulchella are reported. The results are compared with those previously shown for M. incana subsp. incana, to achieve a comprehensive overview of the three subspecies. The HPLC‐PDA/ESI‐MS and SPME‐GC/MS analyses led to the identification of 13 phenolics and 54 volatile compounds. Differences in the qualitative‐quantitative profile of these phytochemicals have been highlighted between the M. incana subspecies. The antioxidant tests showed different activity for the extracts, which were found to possess better chelating properties. At last, none of the tested extracts displayed toxicity against brine shrimp larvae. These findings enrich the knowledge on the Matthiola taxa growing wild in Sicily, both from the strictly systematic point of view and for the possible applications as sources bioactive compounds that can be used in the nutraceutical field.
Cloning and Functional Characterization of a Squalene Synthase from Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis
Authors: Gao Jian‐Xiong , Chen Yue‐Gui , Li De‐Sen , Lin Liang , Liu Yan , Li Sheng‐Hong
Published: June 2021

Paris polyphylla Smith var. yunnanensis (Franch.) Hand. – Mazz. is a precious traditional Chinese medicine, and steroidal saponins are its major bioactive constituents possessing extensive biological activities. Squalene synthase (SQS) catalyzes the first dedicated step converting two molecular of farnesyl diphosphate (FDP) into squalene, a key intermediate in the biosynthetic pathway of steroidal saponins. In this study, a squalene synthase gene (PpSQS1) was cloned and functionally characterized from P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis, representing the first identified SQS from the genus Paris. The open reading frame of PpSQS1 is 1239 bp, which encodes a protein of 412 amino acids showing high similarity to those of other plant SQSs. Expression of PpSQS1 in Escherichia coli resulted in production of soluble recombinant proteins. Gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry analysis showed that the purified recombinant PpSQS1 protein could produce squalene using FDP as a substrate in the in vitro enzymatic assay. qRT‐PCR analysis indicated that PpSQS1 was highly expressed in rhizomes, consistent with the dominant accumulation of steroidal saponins there, suggesting that PpSQS1 is likely involved in the biosynthesis of steroidal saponins in the plant. The findings lay a foundation for further investigation on the biosynthesis and regulation of steroidal saponins, and also provide an alternative gene for manipulation of steroid production using synthetic biology.
Development of squamous cell carcinoma in an untreated patient of psoriasis: A case report
Authors: Talebzadeh Zahra , Bahraminezhad Mahsa , Malakoutikhah Zahra , Asilian Ali
Published: June 2021

Periodic screening for prevalent cancers such as SCC is warranted in patients with psoriasis.
COVID‐19 isolation drape for sialendoscopy‐assisted transfacial approach to parotid gland
Authors: Gaffuri Michele , Libonati Antonio , Ettori Jacopo , Torretta Sara , Pignataro Lorenzo , Capaccio Pasquale
Published: June 2021

Surgical procedures requiring close contact with saliva, such as salivary gland surgery, may determine the risk of spreading the SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. The use of PPE and isolation settings are mandatory to protect health workers.
Infective endocarditis uncovered a very rare congenital heart disease
Authors: Jafari Fatemeh , Mirabdollahi Seyed‐Alireza , Jafari Shirin , Saberi Arezoo , Mohammadi Khadije
Published: June 2021

In this article, we introduced a case of rare congenital anomalies that was asymptomatic until adulthood and was complicated by infective endocarditis and dissection of aortic valve leaflet.
2q13 microdeletion syndrome: Report on a newborn with additional features expanding the phenotype
Authors: Piro Ettore , Serra Gregorio , Giuffrè Mario , Schierz Ingrid Anne Mandy , Corsello Giovanni
Published: June 2021

We describe an additional newborn with craniofacial dysmorphisms, congenital heart disease, hypotonia, and a 2q13 deletion of 1.7 Mb. The clinical and genomic findings observed are consistent with the diagnosis of 2q13 microdeletion syndrome.
Two novel biallelic variants in TECPR2 and FA2H genes causing complicated hereditary spastic paraplegia in Iranian families from Lur ethnicity: Case series
Authors: Edizadeh Masoud , Chegeninejad Negar , Akbari Soheila , Salehirad Maryam , Pakmanesh Rezvan , Ahmadipour Shokoufeh , Hayatigolkhatmi Kourosh , Khodadadi Hamidreza
Published: June 2021

We herein report first Iranian families with spastic paraplegia 35 and 49 and claim that TECPR2 gene causes complicated spastic paraplegia 49 with or without sensory autonomic neuropathy. In addition, we show how coexistence of SPG49 and griscelli syndrome can lead to misdiagnosis.
The CdIn2S4/WO3 Nanosheet Composite Has a Significantly Enhanced Photo‐electrochemical Cathodic Protection Performance and Excellent Electron Storage Capability
Authors: Yang Yuying , Chen Zhuoyuan , Feng Chang , Jing Jiangping
Published: June 2021

Photo‐electrochemical cathodic protection (CP) technology is considered to be a green metallic corrosion protection technology that uses solar energy to protect from corrosion and does not consume any anode materials. In this work, a CdIn2S4/WO3 nanocomposite photoelectrode was prepared, and its photo‐electrochemical CP performance and mechanism were studied and analyzed. WO3 has a well band matching with CdIn2S4, leading to a significantly enhanced photo‐electrochemical CP performance of the nanocomposite. Meanwhile, as confirmed in this work, the CdIn2S4/WO3 nanocomposite can store photoinduced electrons under light illumination through intercalation reactions and changing the valence state of tungsten. Moreover, it can discharge in the dark state to provide continuous CP for the coupled metals. This research will promote the practical application process of the photo‐electrochemical CP technology.
Nitric Oxide Photoreleasers with Fluorescent Reporting
Authors: Fraix Aurore , Parisi Cristina , Seggio Mimimorena , Sortino Salvatore
Published: June 2021

Nitric oxide (NO) plays a multifaceted role in human physiology and pathophysiology, and its controlled delivery has great prospects in therapeutic applications. The light‐activated uncaging of NO from NO caging compounds allows this free radical to be released with accurate control of site and dosage, which strictly determine its biological effects. Molecular constructs able to activate fluorescence concomitantly to NO release offer the important advantage of easy and real‐time tracking of the amount of NO uncaged in a non‐invasive fashion even in the cell environment. This contribution provides an overview of the advances in photoactivatable NO releasers bearing fluorescent reporting functionalities achieved in our and other laboratories, highlighting the rationale design and their potential therapeutic applications.
Various Molecular Arrangements Leading to Different Desolvation Rates: Research on the Stability of 2,7‐Dibromo‐9H‐carbazole Solvates
Authors: Guo Xuran , Chen Wei , Wei Rongli , Sui Jingchen , Huang Xin , Wang Na , Liu Songqiang , Wang Ting , Hao Hongxun
Published: June 2021

The stability of solvates is very important in the field of crystal engineering. Molecular interaction and packing mode are important factors affecting the stability of solvates. In this study, 2,7‐dibromo‐9H‐carbazole is selected as the model compound to investigate the influence of molecular stacking mode on the stability of solvates. An anhydrous form and five solvates of 2,7‐dibromo‐9H‐carbazole are obtained by recrystallization. The desolvation phenomena of the five solvates are studied by thermogravimetric analysis, hot stage microscope, and infrared spectroscopy and it is found that the stability of the solvates is N,N‐dimethylacetamide solvate > dimethyl sulfoxide solvate > N,N‐dimethylformamide solvate > dioxane solvate > acetonitrile solvate. Crystal structures are analyzed by single crystal X‐ray diffraction and Hirshfeld surface analysis is also applied to analyze the intermolecular interactions in the crystals. The results show that the stability of the five solvates is related to the packing modes of the molecules in the crystal. It is suggested that the solute molecules and solvent molecules in the unstable solvates are arranged in the interlayer mode, while they are arranged in a staggered mode in stable solvates.
Imine‐Induced Metal‐Organic and Covalent Organic Coexisting Framework with Superior Li‐Storage Properties and Activation Mechanism
Authors: Zhao Lu , Tang Xuxu , Lv Li‐Ping , Chen Shuangqiang , Sun Weiwei , Wang Yong
Published: June 2021

Due to the adjustable structure and the broad application prospects in energy and other fields, the exploration of porous organic materials [metal‐organic polymers (MOPs), covalent organic frameworks (COFs), etc.] has attracted extensive attention. In this work, an imine‐induced metal‐organic and covalent organic coexisting framework (Co−MOP@COF) hybrid was designed based on the combination between the amino units from the organic ligands of Co−MOP and the aldehyde groups from COF. The obtained Co−MOP@COF hybrid with layer‐decorated microsphere morphology exhibited good electrochemical cycling performance (a large reversible capacity of 1020 mAh g−1 after 150 cycles at 100 mA g−1 and a reversible capacity of 396 mAh g−1 at 500 mA g−1) as the anode for Li‐ion batteries. The coexisting framework structure endowed the Co–MOP@COF hybrid with more surface area exposed in the exfoliated COF structure, which provided rapid Li‐ion diffusion, better electrolyte infiltration, and effective activation of functional groups. Therefore, the Co−MOP@COF hybrid material achieved an enhanced Li storage mechanism involving multi‐electron redox reactions, related to the CoII center and organic groups (C=C groups of benzene rings and C=N groups), and furthermore improved electrochemical performance.
Graduate school recruitment should begin day one — as a freshman
Authors: Sutton Halley
Published: June 2021

Cherisse Jones‐Branch, Ph.D., Dean of the Graduate School and a Vaughn Endowed Professor of History at Arkansas State University, Jonesboro, has been at ASU since 2003. Her scholarship focuses on rural Black activism, and she recently published the book Better Living by Their Own Bootstraps: Black Women's Activism in Rural Arkansas, 1914–1965 in 2020. And in 2020, she also took over her role as the Dean of the newly reinstated Graduate School at ASU.
Mapping supply of and demand for ecosystem services to assess environmental justice in New York City
Authors: Herreros‐Cantis Pablo , McPhearson Timon
Published: June 2021

Livability, resilience, and justice in cities are challenged by climate change and the historical legacies that together create disproportionate impacts on human communities. Urban green infrastructure has emerged as an important tool for climate change adaptation and resilience given their capacity to provide ecosystem services such as local temperature regulation, stormwater mitigation, and air purification. However, realizing the benefits of ecosystem services for climate adaptation depend on where they are locally supplied. Few studies have examined the potential spatial mismatches in supply and demand of urban ecosystem services, and even fewer have examined supply–demand mismatches as a potential environmental justice issue, such as when supply–demand mismatches disproportionately overlap with certain socio‐demographic groups. We spatially analyzed demand for ecosystem services relevant for climate change adaptation and combined results with recent analysis of the supply of ecosystem services in New York City (NYC). By quantifying the relative mismatch between supply and demand of ecosystem services across the city we were able to identify spatial hot‐ and coldspots of supply–demand mismatch. Hotspots are spatial clusters of census blocks with a higher mismatch and coldspots are clusters with lower mismatch values than their surrounding blocks. The distribution of mismatch hot‐ and coldspots was then compared to the spatial distribution of socio‐demographic groups. Results reveal distributional environmental injustice of access to the climate‐regulating benefits of ecosystem services provided by urban green infrastructure in NYC. Analyses show that areas with lower supply–demand mismatch tend to be populated by a larger proportion of white residents with higher median incomes, and areas with high mismatch values have lower incomes and a higher proportion of people of color. We suggest that urban policy and planning should ensure that investments in “nature‐based” solutions such as through urban green infrastructure for climate change adaptation do not reinforce or exacerbate potentially existing environmental injustices.