bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Polysemy in and of the Science Fiction Film Arrival (2016)
Authors: Kusumastuti Fenty
Published: May 2020

Polysemy has always become a significant issue in interdisciplinary studies, mainly because particular words or phrases tend to have multiple meanings and the way to decide on the intended meanings involves cultural understanding that may be problematic for different groups of people. This paper divides the main research questions into two inquiries: (1) What is the meaning of the micro-unit polysemy in the science fiction film Arrival (2016)? and (2) What is the interpretation of the macro-level of polysemy in the film? The purpose of this research is to describe the interrelation between the polysemy in the film and the polysemy of the film. It is assumed that revealing the phenomena of polysemy found in the film helps to construct a better comprehension of the objective of the polysemy of the film. This has been done by implementing two stages of procedures in this research: (1) identifying the translation of the most significant polysemous words, phrases, clauses, and sentences found in the film by using meaning patterns and contextual patterns (Schmidt, 2008) and (2) discovering the three potential themes of polysemy of the film that include resistive reading, strategic ambiguity, and hermeneutic depth (Ceccarelli, 1998). The analysis shows that examining the phenomena of cognitive linguistic meanings from the 30 micro-unit polysemy to the rhetorical criticism of the polysemous text opens up multiple interpretive possibilities that may go unnoticed.
Teachers’ Perceptions on Using Smartphones in English as a Foreign Language Context
Authors: Alzubi Ali Abbas
Published: May 2020

This study explored the perceptions of English as a foreign language (EFL) teachers at a foundation year in a university in Saudi Arabia. 41 male (27) and female (14) teachers completed a survey using Google Forms. The results indicated that the majority of teachers (83%) supported the integration of smartphones in EFL context, as 71% believe that smartphones would enhance students’ EFL learning. 72% reported that they used smartphones for university-related work. Sending and receiving emails, accessing the internet, and using educational applications were the most reported beneficial features whereas scanning/creating QR codes, using calculator, playing games, and playing a podcast were the least reported. 79 % believed that smartphones would have instructional benefits for the learners such as access to technology, motivation, creativity English language learning opportunities, and variation in instruction whereas 58 % did not see any barriers in the use of smartphones in EFL context. That smartphones may distract students’ attention was the only reported barrier. Recommendations and impactions for further research and applications were suggested.
Critiquing a Qualitative Study Using Tracy’s Big-tent Criteria
Authors: Albusaidi Saud Saif
Published: May 2020

This paper critiques an article, which sheds light on the internationalisation of the curriculum. When classified within the main Western paradigms: positivism, interpretivism, critical theory and postmodernism, her article can be within the interpretivism. These paradigms are highlighted in this paper to engage the reader in critical reflection and to emphasise the differences between these paradigms. Big-tent markers, which are applied to evaluate the quality of qualitative research, are then critically implemented to highlight the strengths and weaknesses of that article in line with providing relevant suggestions.
“Normal Hayat Diye Bir Şey Yoktur Dalmaçyalı!”: Yugoslavya’nın Parçalanma Sürecinin Bir Alegorisi Olarak Karaula Filmi
Authors: SEVİM Seçkin
Published: May 2020

Yugoslavya
Sosyalist Federal Cumhuriyeti (YSFC), İkinci Dünya Savaşı (1939-1945)
sonrasında Sovyet Sosyalist Cumhuriyetler Birliği (SSCB) liderliğindeki Demir
Perde ülkeleri arasında yer almayı reddeder. Kuzey Atlantik Antlaşması
Örgütü’ne (NATO) de dahil olmaz. Daha özgürlükçü bir sosyalizmi benimseyerek
Üçüncü Dünya’nın öncüsü rolünü üstlenir. Yugoslavya, soğuk savaşın hüküm sürdüğü
iki kutuplu dünyada elli yıla yakın bir süre ayakta kalmayı başarır. Kurucu
lideri Josip Broz Tito’nun (1892-1980) ölümü Yugoslavya için sonun başlangıcı
olur. Ekonomik kriz, işsizlik, Batılı yaşam tarzına duyulan özlem ve yükselen
milliyetçilik; “kardeşlik ve birlik” sloganında vücut bulan sosyalizm
ideallerine duyulan inancın içini boşaltır. Yugoslavya, farklı etnik gruplar
arasındaki çatışmaların giderek şiddetlenmesiyle parçalanma sürecine girer.

Bu çalışmada,
yönetmenliğini Rajko Grlic’in (1947-…) yaptığı Karaula (2006) filmi, amaçlı örneklem olarak seçilmiştir. Filmde, Yugoslavya-Arnavutluk
sınırındaki bir karakolda görev yapan farklı etnik gruplara mensup askerler
arasındaki ilişkiler, parçalanma sürecine giren Yugoslavya’nın mikro ölçekteki bir
temsili olarak sunulmuştur. Filmin analizinde Fredric Jameson’ın (1986; 2008b)
Üçüncü Dünya anlatılarının ulusal alegori olarak okunabileceği argümanı temel
alınmış; Arjun Appadurai’nin (2008) “öfke coğrafyası”, “kızgınlık fazlalığı”,
“aşağılama dürtüsü”, “döneklik”, “ihanet”, “sarsılan güven”, “nefret” ve “komşu
dehşeti” kavramlarından yararlanılmıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Karaula filminin, Yugoslavya’nın
parçalanma sürecine ilişkin Üçüncü Dünya anlatılarına özgü bilinçli ve açık bir
alegori içerdiğini ortaya koymaktır.
Darren Aronofsky'nin Mother Filmi ve Baba-nın- Adları
Authors: ÖZCAN Şefik
Published: May 2020

Bu
yazı, Yönetmen Darren Aronofsky’nin Mother
(Anne, Darren Aronofsky, 2017) filmindeki teolojik göstergeleri ve filmin
bütünselliği içindeki mitolojik anlatıyı, Lacancı Psikanalitiğin kavramlarıyla
çözümlemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Başlıkta geçen Baba-nın-Adları
ifadesi, Lacan’ın 8 Temmuz 1953 ve 20 Kasım 1963 tarihlerinde on yıl arayla
yaptığı ve görünüşte farklı türden konulara dair iki konuşmasına dayanan
konferansının devamında, Baba-nın-Adları
Semineri’nin adıdır. Makalenin böylesi bir başlıkla ele alınmasının
nedenlerinden birini; Yönetmenin, filmin anlatısı içerisindeki yaratma sıkıntısı
yaşayan yazarı, Pascal’ın Memorial adlı
eserinin başına yazdığı gibi, “(…) filozofların ve bilginlerin Tanrı’sı
–olarak- değil, İbrahim’in, İshak’ın, Yakup’un Tanrı’sı(…)” –olarak- tasvir
edişi oluşturmaktadır(Pascal Blaise; 1654, s. 02). Diğer nedenlere gelince; Filmin
anlatı örgüsünde bir Tanrı’yla gerçekte karşılaşılmıştır. Bir adım ötesinde bir
Tanrı’yla birlikte yaşanmıştır. Ve buna rağmen her gerçek gibi, o da
erişilmezdir. Ve bu erişilmezlik, aldatmayanla, yani; film boyunca
hissettirilen ‘kaygı’ ile gösterilir.

 

Filmin
anlatısı içerisindeki simgeler, ‘simge’ adına layık bir şekilde işaretlenen
cesetlerdir. Bir cesedin etrafında, insan türünü karakterize eden ilişkiler
mevcuttur. Tam da bu ilişkiler dolayısıyla cesedin kendisi, yaşamış olduğu
gerçeğini, apaçık bir şekilde, orada öylece duran bir ‘fazla’ olarak muhafaza
eder. Bu insanileştiren bir şeye dönüşür.

 

Filmin
tamamı, Lacan’ın ‘aktarım’ dediği şeyi özetler gibidir. Bu nedenle filmin
sonunda, hiçbir Ad’a sahip olmayana yapılan aktarımı vahşet dolu bir
törensellik eşliğinde izleriz.
Unutulan Mesafe, Hayvan-Oluş ve Sanat
Authors: SARIALİOĞLU Rahman İşık
Published: May 2020

Batı metafiziği geleneği insanı, doğa ve
mahlûkat ile arasındaki mesafe üzerinden kurgular. Düşünen insan bir anlamda
yüce yetilerini bu mesafede yaratır. Doğa ile insan arasındaki mesafenin
kapanma korkusu, modern uygarlığı yaratan bilinçtir. Sanat için ise uygarlığı
yaratan bu mesafe; bir tedirginlik ve korku alanı değil, onun ontolojisinin
olmazsa olmazı, unutulmuş, sessiz bir varoluş alanının evidir. Sanat; modern
insanın uzaklaşmak istediği doğanın sessiz ve kapalı dünyasına sızarak, insanı
mümkün olmayan bir bütünleşmenin arzusuyla tanıştırır. Bu unutulmuş arzu sayesinde
Sanat, Modern Aklın aksine, ilkel olanın bakışını her daim kendinde saklı tutar
ve uygarlık karşıtı bakışı içselleştirir. Hayvanın ve mahlûkatın kapalı
dünyasına sızmaya çalışan Sanat, uygarlığın kapattığı o mesafede bir “açıklık”
yaratır.
Sanat Eğitiminde Temel Sanat Dersine Yönelik Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: GÜRELLİ Kutlu
Published: May 2020

Yükseköğretimde güzel sanatlar eğitimi programlarımızın değişmez derslerinden olan “temel sanat (eğitimi)” tarihsel gelişimi ve bağlamı üzerinden ele alınarak günümüz sanat eğitimi içindeki yeri değerlendirilmiştir. Bauhaus’un kurucu hocalarından olan Johannes Itten’e atfedilen içeriğiyle dersin Bauhaus’un Itten ve sonrası olarak ayrılan iki ana döneminde neye karşılık geldiği, bu içerik, yaklaşım ve ilişkilerin bugün sanat eğitimi bağlamında bizler için ne ifade edebileceği sorusu üzerinde durulmuştur.
Küreselleşme ve Güncel Sanat Sorunlarının Odağında Bir Sergi: Magiciens de la Terre
Authors: İLGE Rebuar Rezzak
Published: May 2020

Bu çalışmada 1989 yılında Paris’te düzenlenen Magiciens de la Terre (Yeryüzünün Büyücüleri) başlıklı sergi ele alınmıştır. Dünyanın Batılı ve Batılı olmayan parçalarında üretilen güncel sanat örneklerinin bir arada gösterildiği ve çok-kültürlülük olasılığının sınanması bakımından küratöryel tarihin en önemli kırılma noktalarından biri olarak görülen bu sergiye çeşitli açılardan değinilmiştir.Küresel çapta birçok değişimin yaşandığı, yeni tip sanatçı ve küratörlerin ortaya çıktığı bir dönemde gerçekleştirilen Yeryüzünün Büyücüleri’nin öncelikle küreselleşme ile olan ilişkisi ve ilkeleri küresel sermaye güçleri tarafından belirlenen ekonomik ve kültürel küreselleşme süreçlerinin güncel sanat pratiklerini nasıl etkilediği irdelenmiştir.Batılı ve Batılı olmayan sanatçılara ait yapıtların, aralarında herhangi bir hiyerarşi kurulmadan yan yana gösterilmesini sağlaması ve ulusaşırı bir miras bırakması açısından gerçek anlamda dünya çapındaki ilk sergi olarak değerlendirilen Yeryüzünün Büyücüleri’nin güncel sanat üzerindeki etkileri üzerinde durulmuştur. Yerelde şekillenen ancak enternasyonal olmayı başaran bir sanat vizyonunun gerçekleştirilip gerçekleştirilemeyeceğine ilişkin soruya yanıt arayan bu sergi incelenirken, post-kolonyal süreçte gelişen yeni yaklaşımların yansımaları olarak nitelendirilebilecek yapıtlar yorumlanmış ve sergiye yönelik çeşitli eleştirilere değinilmiştir.
Dada ve Sürrealizmde Eleştirel Bir Yöntem Olarak Oyunsal Retorik
Authors: ALVER Aysel
Published: May 2020

Bu çalışmada 19. yüzyılın sonlarından itibaren Avrupa’da sanat alanında oyunsal bir retorik ile gerçekleştirilen eleştirel dil üzerinden değişen temsil anlayışı ve anlatı biçimleri ele alınmıştır. 20. yüzyıl Avangard sanat hareketleri tarafından ortaya konan bu eleştirel yaklaşımlar burada, özellikle sürece öncülük eden Dada ve Sürrealizm akımlarına ait bazı sanat pratikleri üzerinden örneklendirilerek tartışılmıştır. Sanat alanında biçim ve içerik bağlamında radikal değişimlere neden olan bu eleştirel tutumlar aynı zamanda dilbilim ve göstergebilim alanında ortaya konan tartışmalar kapsamında ele alınmıştır. Avangard sanat hareketlerinin geleneksel anlatı ve temsil biçimlerini eleştirmek amacıyla ortaya koydukları bu eleştirel retoriğe göre dilsel yapının merkezine ironik ve oyunsal bir anlatı yöntemi konulduğu belirtilmiştir. Göstergeler arası özgür bir montaj fikrine dayandırılan bu anlatı yöntemi ise metafor kullanımında özgür bir ilişkisellik ve özdeşlik fikrine dayandırılarak gerçekleştirildiği belirtilmiştir. Öte yandan bu çalışmada, Post-yapısalcı anlayışın Yapı-sökümcü yaklaşımının bir parçası olarak geliştiği belirtilen bu eleştirel retoriğin aynı zamanda Postmodern sanat anlayışına da kaynaklık ettiği belirtilmiştir.
Visible and Invisible Borders around Women: Feminist Meaning of War and Migration in Cinema
Authors: ÖZDEMİR Emrah
Published: May 2020

Although women and children are the most affected by the wars and migrations that cause great destruction and suffering, the difficulties they face in this process and how they perceive what is happening is still not well understood. Turkey is one of the countries in which the consequences of the Syrian civil war and migration are the most visible. However, media and art works on the impacts of the Syrian civil war on Turkey and how Turkey perceive the civil war and migration are very limited. This study examines how war and migration, which make the borders between nation-states permeable, change the boundaries of women’s lives, social roles and bodies as well as patriarchal social perspectives against women through the film “Misafir” (Guest - 2017).
Günümüz Sanatında Başarı, Ün ve Bağımsız Sanat
Authors: KOŞAR Deniz Cemal , YILMAZ Mehmet
Published: May 2020

Günümüz sanat ortamında başarı miti ünlü olmak mefhumu ile sarmallanmış bir konumdadır. Söz konusu bu sarmallanma neoliberal kapitalizmin doğasının yansımasıdır. Neoliberal kapitalizm, girişimci özgür bireyler olarak sanatçılar için giderek tüketimden bağımsızlaşan ve daha fazla üretme gerçekliğini dayatan piyasa koşulları altında, özellikle de rekabetçi ortamın da katkılarıyla başarı kavramının içeriğini, gen yapısını değiştirmiştir. Özellikle günümüz teknoloji ve sosyal medya ortamı düşünüldüğünde Andy Warhol’un 1960’larda sarf ettiği “Bir gün herkes 15 dakikalığına ünlü olacak” sözü karşılığını bulur niteliktedir. Paylaşım ağının genişlemesi, aynı anda yüzbinlerce insanın bir arada olabilme ihtimali/gerçekliği üretimin fazlalılığı karşısında nitelik kavramını bir anda niceliğe çevirmiştir. Bu bağlamda, Theodor W. Adorno ve Max Horkheimer’ın Batı Kültürü ve Aydınlanma eleştirileri olarak kaleme aldıkları Kültür Endüstirisi ve Guy Debord’un Gösteri Toplumu gibi kavramsallaştırmaları günümüz kültürel koşullarının öncü okumaları olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadırlar. Diğer taraftan günümüz sanat piyasası koşullarını belirleyen bu problematiklerin karşısında yer almak ve piyasanın dışında kalarak eleştirel bir tutumla ayrı bir stratejik konum ve yer edinmek ilk bakışta olası görünmekle beraber çelişik bir konumu da beraberinde getirmektedir. Bu çalışmada söz konusu bu yaklaşımlar ışığında başarı ve ona sarmallanmış ün mefhumlarına değinilecek, bu koşulları oluşturan etmenler günümüz sanatı bağlamında tartışılacak, bağımsız sanat/sanatçının neliği irdelenecektir.
New Approaches in Contemporary Turkish Ceramic Art: Installation, Expression and Concept
Authors: KOÇAK ÖZESKİCİ Şirin
Published: May 2020

New approaches and means of expression in contemporary Turkish ceramic art have developed rapidly in the last 20 years. This development is proceeding simultaneously with different disciplines of art. Today, means of expression in different disciplines such as painting, sculpture, and ceramics give their place to postmodern statements. Aside from the traditional, there is also a search for new means of expression. Methods such as ready-made objects, reproduction, print, repetition and copying are means of expression in contemporary art. Today, some ceramic art works are built on installations. Installation, expression and concept are important in the works of artists such as Burçak Bingöl, İnsel İnal and Candeğer Furtun. Thus, the means and perception of expression have gone through changes based on societal occurrences. This research includes the works of contemporary Turkish ceramic artists who implement “Installation, Expression and Concept”. It is expected that carrying out an analysis on the works of these artists will determine both the significance of the topic, and the present change and development in Turkish ceramic art.
Karanlık Suya Batan Kadın İmgesi: Ophelia - Toplumsal Cinsiyet Bağlamında Resim ve Fotoğraf Sanatında Delilik
Authors: OKKALI İlkay Canan , KILIÇ SARIKAYA Derya
Published: May 2020

Bu makale, Batı düşünce tarihinde ve sanatında delilik ile kadın arasındaki ilişki üzerine gönderme yaparak başlar. Hamlet Ophelia’ sının yorumlanması, toplumsal cinsiyet, kadının konumu ve edebiyat alanlarındaki söylemler içindeki önemi bağlamında ele alınarak Ophelia’nın resme ve fotoğrafa aktarılmasında sanatçıların yaklaşımları incelenmiştir. Deli kadın fenomeni insanlık tarihiyle aynı yaştadır ve sanat tarihi boyunca bu görsel imgenin geçirdiği dönüşümler, kadına yönelik toplumsal tutumlarda ve kadına yüklenen görevlerle koşut ilerler. Ophelia gençliği, güzelliği ve masumiyetiyle olduğu kadar solgun yüzü, deliliği ve genç yaşta ölümüyle kutsal kadın kavramının edebiyattaki en yakın benzeri olduğu gibi tüm deli kadınların da duayeni sayılır. Shakespeare’in oyununda dolaylı olarak anlatılan Ophelia’nın ölüm sahnesi birçok şair, yazar gibi ressamların ve fotoğrafçıların da ilgi odağı olur. John Everett Millais 1852’de yaptığı Ophelia resmi ile dönemi ve sonrasındaki sanatçılara ilham verir. Bu çalışma Ophelia özelinde deliliğin kadınlık durumu ile neden ve nasıl ilişkilendirildiğini analiz edecektir. Analizler, Ophelia’nın resme ve fotoğrafa aktarılmasında sanatçıların yaklaşımlarına ve feminist kuramcıların argümanlarına dayanmaktadır.
Acı Hayat (1962) ve Kırık Hayatlar (1965) Filmleri Çerçevesinde Kadının Toplumsal Cinsiyet Kimliğinin İnşası
Authors: DOĞAN Emrah
Published: May 2020

Herhangi bir toplumdaki sosyal ilişkiler, insan bedeninin cinsiyet kimliğini şekillendirir. Ve bu toplumdaki bedenler arasındaki cinsiyet kimliği farkları toplumsal ilişkiler tarafından adlandırılmaktadır. Patriarkal toplumda da kadının toplumsal cinsiyet kimliği inşası erilin tahakkümü çerçevesinde belirlenmektedir. Diğer bir ifadeyle erilin hâkim olduğu habitusun kuralları kadının toplumdaki cinsiyet rolünün sınırlarını çizer. Eril iktidar sahip olduğu ideolojik aygıtlar ile de kadının toplumdaki cinsiyet rolünü pekiştirmektedir. Sinema bir sanat olmakla birlikte önemli bir ideolojik aygıttır. Bu ideolojik aygıt filmler aracılığı ile erilin habitus kurallarını benimsetmeye çalışır. Bizler ise filmleri çözümleyerek eril tahakkümün kadının toplumsal cinsiyet kimliğini nasıl inşa ettiğini irdeleyebiliriz. Türk sinemasında da hem toplumcu gerçekçi filmlerde, hem de popüler melodram filmlerde kadının toplumsal cinsiyetinin nasıl konumlandığını inceleyebiliriz. Bu çalışmanın temel amacı ise 1960’lı yıllarda melodram ağırlıklı filmlerde kadının cinsiyetinin nasıl inşa edildiğini çözümlemektir. 1960’lı Türk sinemasında rastgele seçile iki örnek ile inceleme yapılmıştır. Bu örneklerden ilki Metin Erksan’ın toplumcu gerçekçi filmlerinden biri olan Acı Hayat filmidir. Diğeri ise Halit Refiğ’in melodram ağırlıklı Kırık Hayatlar filmidir. Bu iki film de teorik çerçeve ışığında eleştirel niteliksel film analiziyle incelenmiştir.
A força da fala está no encontro, o poder do conhecimento está na interlocução: contribuições dos estudos pós-coloniais para as ciências humanas e sociais
Authors: Akinruli Luana Carla Martins Campos
Published: May 2020

O texto se propõe a promover o fortalecimento do diálogo interdisciplinar nas ciências humanas e sociais, pautando-se na ponderação do exercício da arqueologia pelo viés pós-colonial, de modo a questionar o locus do conhecimento por meio da prática etnográfica. O texto acaba por provocar a reflexão sobre as questões metodológicas na pesquisa nas ciências humanas e sociais, de forma a problematizar a experiência de pesquisa e do pesquisador, e contribuir para a quebra de paradigmas nos campos do conhecimento conexos, como a história, antropologia e sociologia.
Latinoamérica racionalizada en la nueva Ley de Migración (Ley N° 13.445 / 17): discursos y legitimidad
Authors: Oliveira Marco Aurélio Machado de , Silva Fábio Machado da , Campos Davi Lopes
Published: May 2020

O presente trabajo y fruto de con­tinuidad de reflejos iniciados no curso Maes­trade los Estudios Fronterizos de la Univer­sidad Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul con el apoyo del Laboratorio de Estudios Fronterizos / UFMS. O presentar algunos reflejos relacio­nados con la inmigración en América Latina en los aspectos que involucran discursos y legi­timidad. Parte-da una premisa que es posible pensar en migrar en ese espacio dentro de una referencia legítima y discursiva. Con este Aná­lisis le permiten estar en discusiones algunas teóricas como desarrolladas. Son los discur­sivos diálogos por la ley Migración (Ley No. 13.445/17) confiriendo o no legitimidad Actores involucrados años. O cortar escogido objectiva analizar práctico operadores aspecto extrema­damente no abordan dos Derecho a la Migra­ción de referencia, un proponiendo debate a limitar o Derecho y extender la Cuestión social, histórica y cultural de la Migración actual. con ello, discusión sobre aspectos relacionados a la cuestión de la mirada interdisciplinaria es alentadora, inmigración Cuestiones con énfa­sis en, Abriendo o diálogo crítico Contribución de la Comunidad.
A particularidade como eixo central na estética de Lukács
Authors: Silva Edson Roberto de Oliveira
Published: May 2020

Resenha do livro: SANTOS, Deribaldo. A particularidade na estética de Lukács”. São Paulo: Instituto Lukács, 2017.
Silent Voices, Hidden Stories: A Review of Sexual Assault (Non)Disclosure Literature, Emerging Issues, and Call to Action
Authors: Gjika Anna , Marganski Alison J
Published: May 2020

Social media and digital platforms are being used to disclose sexual and dating violence experiences and to unite victims/survivors in social, educational, and advocacy efforts. While digital disclosure can be empowering, there are reasons why some individuals do not disclose. This article focuses on the nuances underlying decisions to (and not to) disclose victimization experiences online, and also presents a call to action, particularly for researchers and practitioners working on sexual violence intervention and prevention. Through a comparative, international literature review, the authors highlight research on factors affecting disclosure decisions while also considering contemporary issues that may impact these decisions. They conclude that, in responding to victims’ and survivors’ “justice” needs (e.g., physical and emotional safety, conscious choice, and empowerment), an intersectional feminist lens is essential in today’s complex digital world in affording an understanding of variation in disclosure practices. When combined with trauma-informed care, such an approach holds promise for transforming existing online environments into more inclusive and compassionate socio-technological spaces.
What Have We Done? Law, Responsibility and Technologies
Authors: Mohr Richard
Published: May 2020

The relationship between humans and the environment is becoming unsustainable. Technologies mediate this relationship. In turn, technology is a product of dense cultural phenomena, from research institutions to capitalism, from ethics to cosmology. This paper investigates the ‘cosmotechnics’ of technical interactions with the environment and explores the sources of these social, ethical and environmental problems. The disconnect between humans and nature is traced to the roots of Western culture, while alternative views have emerged within the West and through its awareness of other cultures.

Technology in the West betrays a titanic urge to overcome nature. Since all technologies mesh with their immediate and global environment, invention arises from the interaction between assemblages of humans, machines and the environment. All contribute incrementally to new developments, which are not conscious projects fulfilling specific intentions, but evolving scenarios.

Without any clear intentional drive determining technological developments—nor any clear distinction between intended and unintended consequences—the concept of intention has little probative value. Instead, we approach the ethical judgment of outcomes from the viewpoint of responsibility. The social milieu and its actors are to be held to account for the consequences, regardless of intentions.

The paper identifies a malaise arising when the products of labour are split from an awareness of agency. This alienation opens up a misrecognition basic to unsustainable technologies. It operates at three discernible levels: technology split from culture; technology split from ethics and values; and theory split from technological practice. Solutions are sought through overcoming each of these gaps.
An Intergenerational Ecological Jurisprudence: The Supreme Court of Colombia and the Rights of the Amazon Rainforest
Authors: Pelizzon Alessandro
Published: May 2020

In 2017, 25 young Colombians, aged 15 to 25, filed the first climate change and future generations lawsuit in Latin America (the Amazon case). Assisted by the organisation Dejusticia, the young plaintiffs filed an accion de tutela—a special mechanism under the Colombian Constitution that allows individuals to demand the protection of their fundamental rights. The plaintiffs argued that the current deforestation rates and their destructive consequences were violating their future right to a healthy environment. Remarkably, the Supreme Court of Colombia, in which the action was filed, ruled in favour of the plaintiffs, granting their petition and guaranteeing their right to enjoy a healthy environment, as well as their future rights to life, health, food and water. To enforce its judgment, the Court ordered that the Colombian Government formulate an action plan and an intergenerational pact to protect the Amazon. Most importantly, the court went beyond the grounds raised by the plaintiffs and recognised the Amazon rainforest as a subject of rights. Located within a growing network of constitutional, legislative and judicial initiatives in a growing number of jurisdictions, the Amazon case is but one example of the emergence of a novel ecological jurisprudence that is emerging around the globe. The Amazon case is particularly emblematic, as it reveals a profound ontological shift among younger generations, for whom a purely anthropocentric worldview appears to be increasingly representative of an untenable sense of alienation. The Amazon case also creates hope for a world in which an ecological jurisprudence is at the core of the current intergenerational discourse, the focus of which appears to be the global reconceptualisation of our collective self for generations to come.
Adequate Food, Adequate Parenting? Critical Insights on Family Law (and Justice) and Parenthood Through Food
Authors: Branco Patrícia
Published: May 2020

The links between food, families and the law seem to be particularly strong in what concerns dietary issues, parental food choices and the best interests of the child. In such a framework, I will examine some recent decisions that have been pronounced by Italian courts having to decide disputes involving such questions in relation to alternative food choices. My claim, drawing on Canguilhem, is that some of these decisions seem to point towards an imposition to normalise food practices and familial behaviours: children and parents are to be educated towards food practices that are seen as in accord with social normativity (normal) and avoid those considered as deviant (pathological).
Artificial Intelligence and the Transformation of Humans, Law and Technology Interactions in Judicial Proceedings
Authors: Contini Francesco
Published: May 2020

The paper connects the potentially disruptive effects of Artificial Intelligence (AI) deployment in the administration of justice to the pre-existing trajectories and consequences of court technology development. The theoretical framework combines Luhmann’s theory of technology with actor–network theory to analyse how the new digital environment affects judicial agency. Then, it explores law and technology dynamics to map out the conditions that make legal the use of technologies in judicial proceedings. The framework is applied to analyse ‘traditional’ digital technologies (simple online forms and large-scale e-justice platforms) and AI-based systems (speech-to-text and recidivism assessment). The case comparison shows similarities and dynamics triggered by AI and traditional technologies, as well as a radical difference. While system developers and owners remain accountable before the law for the functioning of traditional systems, with AI, such accountability is transferred to users. Judges—users in general—remain accountable for the consequences of their actions supported or suggested by systems that are opaque and autonomous. This contingency, if not adequately faced with new forms of accountability, restricts the areas in which AI can be used without hampering judicial integrity.
Biomedia: Life in Smithereens
Authors: Goh Benjamin
Published: May 2020

This article suggests that media theory could lend some vocabularies with which to map the technical infrastructures of life. Focusing on the digital production of life, we read Marshall McLuhan’s concept of media alongside ‘Smithereens’, the second episode of the fifth instalment of the Netflix digital television series Black Mirror.
Facebook and a Fair Trial: Caution, Challenge and Contradiction
Authors: Tubridy Kate
Published: May 2020

This article explores the often fraught intersections between social media, fair trial principles and community engagement with high-profile crimes. Specifically, a detailed analysis is undertaken of the Facebook response to the arrest of Adrian Ernest Bayley for the murder of Ms Gillian (Jill) Meagher in Victoria, Australia in 2012. As one of the first Australian crimes to receive a significant social media response, this research provides empirical insights into the dynamic and evolving relationship between social media, the community and criminal trials. By drawing on a critical discourse analysis of over 3,000 comments on the R.I.P Jill Meagher Facebook page, this article identifies and critiques a ‘Discourse of Challenge’ in which digital communication enabled the reinterpretation of legal principles. Further, this article provides empirical insights into the meaning-making processes of Facebook discourses and focuses on how fair trial principles are contested on Facebook in novel and, at times, contradictory, ways.
Law and Technology: Being Human in the World
Authors: Mohr Richard
Published: May 2020

The first four papers in this issue come out of a project examining the relations between law, culture and things. They inquire into human links with the material world. These links are mediated through technology which, in its many forms, enables humans to fulfil material needs. Tools and their social organisation provide food, clothing, shelter and communication. This deep imbrication with all facets of our lives means that the ways technology is used and organised have profound importance for humanity and the environment. Technologies can be categorised as ‘hard’, involving manufacture and transport; ‘soft’ information and communication technologies; and ‘wet’ technologies of human sustenance, such as food production and preparation. Law regulates or constitutes each of these in one way or another, while it is most often associated with soft technologies used in record-keeping and artificial intelligence. This collection of papers examines the use of soft technology in law, as well as law as a means of directing the uses of technologies that impinge on the natural environment and the human body. These papers explore human and legal relations with technology and nature: legal records and decision-making; food and nutrition at the intersection of law, science and culture; rights of and to land and nature; and human responsibility for the environment and the impact of technology. 

The authors of the four papers in this collection would like to acknowledge the contributions of the participants in an earlier discussion of this work at the “Linking Generations for Global Justice” conference of the Research Committee on Sociology of Law in Oñati, Spain on 20 June 2019.
Reading and Non-word Repetition Skills in Bilingual Developmental Dyslexia: The Case of a Greek - Italian Bilingual Dyslexic Adult
Authors: Talli Ioanna , Emmanouil Polyxeni
Published: May 2020

Studies of bilinguals with developmental dyslexia learning to read in two alphabetic orthographies have shown that they demonstrate similar reading and phonological short-term memory (STM) deficits in both their languages. The present study aimed at exploring whether dyslexia in adults affects similarly decoding skills in two transparent languages, Greek and Italian, whether there are similar deficits in phonological STM and whether the dominance of one of the two languages affects the manifestation of the deficits. We compared the performance of a young Greek-Italian bilingual dyslexic adult (exposed to Italian from birth, L1: Greek) to that of a young monolingual Greek dyslexic adult, a young Greek-Italian typically developing (TD) bilingual adult (exposed to Italian from birth, L1: Greek) and a young Greek monolingual TD adult. We assessed them in word and non-word reading and non-word repetition. Results showed that bilingual dyslexic adult performed significantly poorer than the bilingual TD adult on all tasks in both languages, suggesting that dyslexia affects similarly decoding and phonological STM across languages. On reading, bilingual outperformed monolingual dyslexic, while monolingual outperformed bilingual TD adult. On phonological STM, both bilinguals outperformed monolinguals. A positive effect of bilingualism was found for reading skills only for dyslexics, while it was found for phonological STM for both dyslexic and TD adults. Finally, the dominance of L1 affected bilinguals' performance in reading but not in non-word repetition, where they showed better performance in Italian, perhaps due to the phonotactic complexity of the Greek orthography compared to Italian.
Inequality of Opportunity in The Labor Market: Evidence from Sudan
Authors: Ahmed Huda Mohamed Mukhtar , Osman Eiman Adil Mohamed , Mahran Hatim Ameer
Published: May 2020

This paper examines the inequality of opportunity in the labor market in Sudan, using data of the Poverty Survey, 2014. A logit model is used with the dependent variable taking 1 if the person is employed and 0 otherwise. A set of circumstance variables are used as regressors, and ex-ante inequality of opportunity is calculated using the dissimilarity index and Shapley decomposition. Gender was associated with the largest share of inequality of opportunity, estimated at 73.41 percent. Gender-based inequality of opportunity in employment was assessed using Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition methods. The findings reveal that the average probability of accessing employment is 0.87 for men and 0.59 for women, yielding a gap of 0.274. The difference between the average group characteristics of males and females was reflected in the coefficient of endowment (0.008), representing 2.9 percent of the total difference. The bulk of the gap is attributed to differences in circumstances, as indicated by the difference of 0.249 in the coefficients, representing 90.8 percent of the total difference. This difference is interpreted as discrimination. The results call for substantial reforms, not only in the labor market but, more importantly, with regard to circumstance variables over which the individuals have no control.
Serei Aceito? Estudo Exploratório Sobre as Vivências Emocionais do Segundo Psicoterapeuta
Authors: De Medeiros Silva Amanda , Barreto Tavares dos Reis Maria Elizabeth , De Souza Barbeiro Felipe
Published: May 2020

Durante a graduação, os acadêmicos de Psicologia realizam estágios obrigatórios nos serviços-escola das universidades, incluindo a modalidade de atendimento em psicoterapia individual. A relação transferencial estabelecida é atravessada por emoções advindas tanto do paciente quanto do psicoterapeuta, que podem contribuir tanto para o estabelecimento da aliança terapêutica quanto para o abandono do processo terapêutico. A transferência e a contratransferência têm sido abordadas pelos psicanalistas e psicoterapeutas em diversas publicações, mas percebe-se uma escassez de estudos sobre as emoções dos psicoterapeutas decorrentes da troca de terapeutas. O presente estudo visa identificar as emoções vivenciadas por psicoterapeutas aprendizes que assumiram casos de pacientes atendidos anteriormente por outros estagiários. Realizou-se uma pesquisa qualitativa, por meio da construção de fato clínico psicanalítico, a partir da análise dos relatos pós-sessão do atendimento em psicoterapia psicanalítica de três pacientes. As emoções vivenciadas e relatadas pelos psicoterapeutas decorrentes da troca de terapeutas foram destacadas e analisadas como fatos clínicos psicanalíticos:  preocupação em ser aceita e medo de ser rejeitada.
The Influence of Bank Credit on Financial Structure and Financial Return for the Romanian Companies Active in Car Parts Distribution
Authors: Rodica Baciu (Boanta) , Petre Brezeanu , Simon Adrian
Published: May 2020

In this research, we analyze the dependence between financial return (as a dependent, endogenous variable) and bank credit (the volume of bank credits and the cost of borrowed capital, both expressed as independent, exogenous variables), applicable to Romanian companies that deal in the wholesale trade sector of parts and accessories for motor vehicles. Using the 2008–2017 time series panel data model on companies in this sector, we conclude that there is a relatively modest link between financial performance and bank credit., thus illustrating that the main factors generating financial returns are asset rotation (long-term investment efficiency in income generation) as well as operational profitability margin. We also discuss the diagnosis of capital returns in the analyzed sector by decompiling it into margins, rotation and capital structure (DuPont) rates.
Essential Managerial Skills for Brazilian Micro and Small Business Managers
Authors: Goncalves Fernando Hungaro Lemes , Batista Rosana Claudia Smek , Piffer Vanessa , Albuquerque Artur Aguiar de , Morais Fabio Rogerio de
Published: May 2020

The objective of this research was to identify which are the managerial competences perceived as essential by the managers of micro and small active companies, located in the city of Porto Velho, State of Rondônia - Brazil. The relevance of the research is located in the managerial field, as a context of micro and small companies in developing regions, and, besides that, there is a theoretical expansion in the identification of managerial competencies essential to the management of micro and small companies in countries in economic and social development. The research model is the quantitative method, applied to a sample of 347 micro and small entrepreneurs from the universe of 10,221 companies, with sampling for convenience and accessibility, and data collected using a Likert scale. Therefore, the research identifies the factors that make up managerial skills, such as the dimensions “focus, production and development”, which encompasses the vision focused on the interior of the company and at work; “planning and control”, with an emphasis on plans and their execution, especially on the necessary resources; “market differentiation”, with a focus on high competition and consumers; and, finally, “training and investments”, which focuses on investments in labor and the acquisition of financial resources for the organization. These four factors synthesize the grouping of managerial skills essential for the management of micro and small companies, according to the perception of the managers participating in the sample, and, if applied to the management of micro and small companies, positively impact the survival of small businesses located in developing geographic regions.
Fat graft survival inside pocket for silicone implant
Authors: DURMUS KOCAASLAN Fatma Nihal , CAVUS OZKAN Melekber , TUNCER Fatma Betul , BAYRAMICLI Mehmet
Published: May 2020

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the survival potential of the fat grafts inside the implant capsule in an experimentalsetting.Materials and Methods: Twenty male Wistar albino rats were used. A two-staged surgical procedure was performed. In the first stage,silicone sheets were placed in the subcutaneous plane on the left side of each rat. On day 60, fat grafts injected into the silicone capsuleeither by removing the silicone sheaths or leaving the silicone sheaths in their place. In both groups, the same amount of the fat graftswas injected into the right side of the dorsal subcutaneous plane of the rats and they served as their own controls. The findings wereevaluated according to the histopathological criteria.Results: There was no statistically significant difference in the inflammatory cell infiltration, fibrosis, and necrotic adipocytes amongthe groups. Although, the fat viability rate was higher in control groups, there was no statistically significant difference compared tothe capsule or silicone groups (p>0.05).Conclusion: Our study results suggest that implant capsule is a hospitable environment and resection of the capsule is unnecessary, ifsilicone implants are expected to be removed following fat injection.
Content Analysis of Shariah-Compliant Investment Equity Funds in KSA: Does Social Justice Matter?
Authors: Alotaibi Khaled O. , Hariri Mohammad M.
Published: May 2020

This paper examines the influence of capitalism and globalisation on the role of Shariah-Compliant Investment Funds (SCIFs) in promoting social justice in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) using content analysis method. This is to analyse the Terms and Conditions (T&C) of SCIFs as they appear in Tadawul (Saudi stock market) in 2019 and compared with the findings in 2013. This research critically evaluates the findings of the content analysis through aspects of globalization and insights from the literature review. The content analysis shows that SCIFs in KSA are disjointed and decoupled from Islamic principles and do not fulfil the ideal social justice role in society.
An Exploratory Study to Identify the Impact of Leadership Styles on Achieving Institutional Excellence in the Public Sector: United Arab Emirates
Authors: Ali Karam Asaad , Fuad Kitana Abdelkarim
Published: May 2020

The main purpose of the study was exploratory the influence of leadership styles (LS) on institutional excellence (IE) to find out the best indicators for developing the UAE leadership, and achieving (IE). In the modern era, the leadership styles in organizations are facing several challenges due to the dynamic nature of the environment. The research questions seek to uncover (a) appropriate leadership styles within successful organizations, and (b) what, if any, the role exists between leadership styles and measures of success on (IE).  The aim of this study was to find out the most suitable leadership styles in the public sector to achieve better institutional excellence. The study employed a quantitative approach; data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire consist of (49) items. Convenience sampling was used to collect data from (329). The results indicate a positive effect between Transformational model (LS) and (IE) with (R= 0.845/ R2= 0.714/ sig. = 0.00). However, findings indicate that leadership expects to: enter the profession prepared to fulfill the requirement of the position, have the ability to make a difference, and be provided with support from their organization. Findings the most stabile leadership styles in UAE organizations were both transformational and transactional leadership with majority respondents statistically significant and all hypotheses supported the seven leadership styles on institutional excellence. The study concludes with some brief prospects that the organization needs to realize the importance of leadership styles for maximizing the level of institutional excellence. This research may benefit society by encouraging people to contribute more to their jobs and may help them in the organization's growth and development.
Impact of Green Supply Chain Managerial Practices on Environmental Sustainability: Readymade Garment Factories of Bangladesh
Authors: Ferdousi Aziz Farhana , Sultana Tahmina , Yasmin Farhana
Published: May 2020

The purpose of this paper is to find out the impact of Green Supply Chain managerial practices on environmental sustainability in the garment factories of Bangladesh. A combination of qualitative and quantitative methods has been used to gather data through a survey. The survey respondents were mid-level SCM managers of 60 garment factories located in Gazipur. Descriptive data analysis, regression model and ANOVA have been used to show the impact of the independent variables on ‘Environmental Sustainability’. This paper has revealed that 4 variables have a statistically significant relation with the dependent variable and that lack of knowledge and government initiatives are the main reasons for low environmental sustainability. The research identifies the government initiatives that need to be taken and it also claims that there should be awareness about the significance of environmental sustainability among managers and the workforce to achieve environmental sustainability. This is important for Bangladesh, because environmental sustainability has a positive impact on the economy of the country. Previous literature has shown the benefits of GSCM and its impact on environmental sustainability in other countries. Whereas, this paper shows the current GSCM practices of the readymade garment factories of Bangladesh and shows the impact of the practices on Environmental Sustainability. The paper shows the practices that have positive and negative impact on the sustainability of the environment and it also comes up with the reasons why certain practices have a negative impact. Thus, this will help the government of Bangladesh to know about the practices that need to be continued and those that need to be improved.
Dairy Producers Market Participation Decision and Volume of Milk Supply in Mekelle City, Ethiopia
Authors: Girmay Hailay , Legesse Belaineh , Ejigu Abebe , Tajebe Seare
Published: May 2020

This study was intended to examine dairy producers market participation decision and volume of milk supply. Cross-sectional data was obtained from 220 sample households and analyzed using Heckman selection model. Heckman first-stage model result shows that age of household head, access to market information, access to extension service, contract agreement and accessibility of animal feed was positively determined the dairy producers milk sale decision. Heckman second-stage model result shows that access to market information, market price, accessibility of animal feed and family size was positively determined the volume of milk supply whereas religion determined negatively. This implies that dairy producers capacity building, improving information delivery system and strengthen extension service are an optional solutions to improve production and market supply decision.
Bioética, odontologia e atenção primária à saúde
Authors: Colodette Renata Maria , Moreira Tiago Ricardo , Gomes Andréia Patrícia , Siqueira-Batista Rodrigo
Published: May 2020

Objetivo: O objetivo do presente estudo foi analisar se os cirurgiões-dentistas, que atuam na Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) da Microrregião de Saúde de Viçosa-MG, Brasil, identificariam os problemas bioéticos narrados em um caso fictício apresentado e como lidariam como os mesmos em sua prática profissional. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo quanti-qualitativo, realizado através da aplicação de questionário semiestruturado a 48 odontólogos da microrregião. Foram realizadas (i) análise descritiva e (ii) análise de conteúdo de Laurence Bardin. Resultados: Na situação clínica apresentada, 85,4% dos participantes identificaram algum problema bioético, sendo a quebra de sigilo a mais relatada (59,6%). Entretanto, quando questionados sobre qual atitude tomariam, 50,0% dos entrevistados também quebrariam o sigilo em situação análoga. Conclusão: As dificuldades para o embasamento bioético na tomada de decisão, observadas nesse estudo, reafirmam a necessidade de implementação de ações de educação permanente para auxiliar os profissionais no reconhecimento e na correta deliberação frente aos problemas éticos que ocorrem na APS.