bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perfil epidemiológico dos principais agravos de notificação compulsória em Tremedal, Bahia, de 2011 a 2020
Authors: Pinto Erik da Silva , Santana Lahis Macedo , Teixeira Neto Milton Rezende
Published: May 2024

O Brasil possui elevada heterogeneidade biológica, favorecendo o risco de emergência e reemergência de doenças infecciosas, principalmente as transmitidas por animais peçonhentos e vetores. Em se tratando desses agravos, destaca-se em Tremedal, Bahia os acidentes por animais peçonhentos, Dengue e Zika. Assim, o estudo objetiva investigar a ocorrência desses agravos no período de 2011 a 2020, analisando as características sociodemográficas e os desfechos clínicos-epidemiológicos das notificações. Tratou-se de um estudo epidemiológico, observacional, de corte transversal, quantitativo, retrospectivo. A área de estudo foi o município de Tremedal-BA. Os dados foram coletados no SINAN no site da SESAB. Os mesmos foram organizados em planilhas e analisados pelo Epi-Info versão 7.2. Foi calculado a taxa de incidência (por mil habitantes) dos respectivos agravos. O teste do qui-quadrado de Pearson e o teste exato de Fischer foram utilizados para variáveis sociodemográficas e o Odds Ratio e IC95% para variáveis clínico-epidemiológicas. Diante dos resultados, os agravos de animais venenosos destacam-se, seguido da Dengue e Zika. O estudo traz a prevalência de mulheres (p<0.01) e moradores da zona rural para Dengue e Zika. Os casos notificados possuem escolaridade incompleta e faixa etária jovem, entretanto, um número considerável de idosos é destacado nos casos de animais peçonhentos. Por fim, casos de acidente por peçonhentos tiveram a cura como evolução, entretanto, para Dengue e Zika, em sua maioria, encontra-se como ignorado, ilustrando uma ausência de investigação epidemiológica. Portanto, é necessário a intensificação dos serviços de vigilância epidemiológica, capacitação dos profissionais de saúde e a promoção de ações de educação em saúde.
Trabalhos reprodutivos e de cuidado: Mudanças e permanências na invisibilização e precarização da vida de mulheres migrantes em Ijuí/RS e as violações de Direitos Humanos
Authors: Menuci Júlia , Dos Santos Ivo Canabarro , Nielsson Joice Graciele
Published: May 2024

Esta pesquisa investigou a vida de imigrantes femininas europeias e latino-americanas diante de dois grupos de análise: mulheres que migraram a Ijuí/RS no século 20 e mulheres que se deslocaram no século 21, a fim de vislumbrar a execução de trabalhos reprodutivos e de cuidado não só no espaço familiar, mas também diante do espaço público, mediante o percebimento de remuneração. A pesquisa visava a criar um estudo feminista, anticapitalista, decolonial, interseccional, amparando-se na teoria biopolítica. Para a confecção do trabalho, que detém cunho qualitativo, utilizou-se do método dedutivo, tendo como técnicas de procedimentos aplicadas a bibliográfica e a técnica documental, com auxílio do Museu Antropológico Diretor Pestana; e, por fim, aplica-se a técnica de procedimento de pesquisa de campo, pautando-se em questionário semiestruturado, realizando entrevistas com mulheres imigrantes. Os resultados obtidos mostram que as mulheres que se deslocam no século 20 o fazem por escolha masculina, sendo passivas na tomada de decisão do ato migratório. Em comparação, as mulheres que migram no século 21 o fazem porque intentam modificar suas condições de vida e da prole, ratificando o fenômeno da feminização das migrações. As venezuelanas padecem sob preconceitos de racismo e xenofobia, principalmente por marcadores de raça e classe, desempenhando atividades reprodutivas e de cuidado como porta de entrada para essas no mercado de trabalho e adquirindo um caráter duplo na jornada laboral. A grande permanência identificada pela pesquisa é que os trabalhos domésticos ainda recaem às mulheres, com respaldo na legitimidade que o patriarcado lhes atribuiu, utilizando-se de conceitos, como o amor e a maternagem, como atributos intrinsecamente femininos, tornando as mulheres responsáveis pela execução dessas tarefas dentro do espaço privado, sem remuneração e sem conferir visibilidade e importância a esse labor à medida que ele é a base para que a cadeia produtiva capitalista continue girando.
Aprendendo com o MCM: atividades lúdicas para o ensino de ciências morfológicas
Authors: Swany Soares do Nascimento Renata , de Souza Melo Clara , Dutra Teixeira Gabriel , Robert de Sousa Teixeira Júlia , Almeida Gavilan Simone , da Silva Camillo Christina
Published: May 2024

Com o objetivo de promover a divulgação científica de forma divertida e interativa, esta obra apresenta propostas de atividades lúdicas para crianças e jovens com ênfase nas ciências morfológicas, envolvendo temas de anatomia humana e comparada associados à educação para saúde e ecologia. O livro foi planejado para ser de fácil aplicação, com material de baixo custo, podendo ser utilizado por professores ou familiares, em ambientes como residências ou escolas, e ainda em locais abertos como parques, praças e jardins. Quanto às atividades propostas, há jogos sensoriais, jogos de memória e adivinhação, quiz, trabalhos manuais como origami e montagem do esqueleto em papel, jogos ativos como caça ao tesouro e cama de gato, dentre outros, que propõem-se a colaborar com o desenvolvimento completo dessas crianças e jovens
An Extensive Review on Gas Hydrates: Recent Patents, Properties, Formation, Detection, Production, Importance, and Challenges
Authors: Medhi Nayan , Borthakur Partha Protim
Published: May 2024

Introduction:

Gas Hydrates, or Clathrate Hydrates, have been the subject of increasing
scientific and industrial attention due to their potential as an alternative energy source, their role in
climate change, and their association with geohazards. The growth of new indigenous gas supply
sources could impart a significant positive ripple effect on a country's economy, ecological balance,
and energy landscape. This burgeoning interest has led to a surge in research and development,
resulting in numerous patents related to the extraction, processing, and utilization of gas
Hydrates.

Objectives:

This review paper aims to provide an up-to-date, comprehensive overview of the
properties, formation, detection, production, importance, challenges, and patent landscape of Gas
hydrates. The integration of patented technologies into the field underscores the importance of intellectual
property in shaping the future of energy, environment, and economic development.

Methods:

Patented technologies in this field are contributing to making this resource more accessible
and commercially viable. Moreover, the development of gas hydrates as an energy source
could act as a safeguard for manufacturing jobs that are sensitive to gas prices, with proprietary
technologies enhancing the efficiency and sustainability of the production process.

Results:

On the environmental front, an uptick in the consumption of natural gas, known for its
cleaner combustion, could herald positive change. Patented innovations in clean and efficient extraction
and utilization methods for Gas Hydrates are instrumental in reducing the environmental
impact. From the standpoint of energy security, a larger domestic slice of the energy pie, complemented
by an extensive array of gas supply alternatives, could equip the nation to better navigate
the unpredictable terrain of future energy scenarios.

Conclusions:

The strategic patenting of key technologies in the exploration, production, and application
of Gas Hydrates ensures competitive advantage and fosters innovation, driving forward the
energy industry's evolution.
Programmed Death Ligand 1: Unveiling its Impact on Endometrial Carcinogenesis
Authors: KOUTRAS ANTONIOS , FASOULAKIS ZACHARIAS , MOLLAKI VASILIKI , PERROS PARASKEVAS , THEODOULIDIS VASILIOS , SYLLAIOS ATHANASIOS , GARMPIS NIKOLAOS , KONTOMANOLIS EMMANUEL N.
Published: May 2024

Endometrial cancer is a commonly diagnosed gynecological malignancy presenting an increasing incidence worldwide. The immune response plays a crucial role in the mechanisms underlying carcinogenesis and the progression of tumors. In recent times, there has been a discernible surge in the acknowledgment of the importance of programmed death ligand 1 (PDL1) in evading the immunological response of the host and promoting the growth of malignancies. The primary aim of this review is to consolidate the existing corpus of evidence pertaining to the role of PDL1 in the etiology and progression of endometrial cancer and investigate the molecular mechanisms involved in the expression of PDL1 in cells impacted by endometrial cancer. Finally, the association between PDL1 expression and clinical outcomes, as well as the potential therapeutic uses of targeting the PDL1 pathway are being analyzed.
FOLFIRINOX or Gemcitabine Plus Nab-paclitaxel as First Line Treatment in Pancreatic Cancer: A Real-World Comparison
Authors: ORLANDI ELENA , CITTERIO CHIARA , ANSELMI ELISA , CAVANNA LUIGI , VECCHIA STEFANO
Published: May 2024

Background/Aim: Advanced pancreatic cancer has a poor prognosis and a 5-year survival rate <5%; thus, treatment of patients with advanced unresectable or metastatic disease is challenging. Current guidelines recommend either gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel (GnP) or FOLFIRINOX (FOL) as first-line treatment. Data on both efficacy and toxicity of FOL versus GnP in metastatic cancer are limited. This study aimed to compare the two chemotherapy regimens in terms of efficacy and toxicity in a real-world setting. Patients and Methods: This retrospective propensity score matching study reviewed the medical records of 123 consecutive patients with advanced or metastatic pancreatic cancer who received either GnP or FOL between March 2013 and January 2019 in Guglielmo da Saliceto Hospital, Piacenza. Results: Fifty patients (40.65%) received FOL, administered in an attenuated dose, and seventy-three patients (59.35%) received GnP. After a propensity matching score, 100 patients were retrospectively evaluated. In the final matched cohort, there was no difference in neoadjuvant therapy, radiotherapy, and surgery performed before the first-line therapy between the two groups. Progression-free survival and overall survival were comparable between the two groups and no difference was found in the percentage of toxicity. Conclusion: There was no difference in outcomes between patients who received FOL and those who received GnP. Unexpectedly, no greater FOL-related toxicity was found, probably due to the dose reduction.
Clinical Outcomes in Patients With DLBCL Treated With R-CHOP According to Radiotherapy and Interim PET Response
Authors: YU JESANG , JUNG SUNG UI , CHOI JIN HYUK , JUN SUNGMIN , LEE HO SUP , KIM DAJUNG
Published: May 2024

Background/Aim: Interim positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) scan is a valuable tool for assessing the early metabolic response to chemotherapy in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Although radiotherapy is an effective treatment for lymphoma, especially for local tumor control, the role of consolidative radiotherapy in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) remains controversial. This study analyzed the clinical outcomes of patients with DLBCL treated with rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CHOP), stratified by interim PET response and the administration of radiotherapy. Patients and Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of 107 patients with DLBCL treated with R-CHOP chemotherapy between January 2012 and December 2016. Overall survival (OS), recurrence-free survival (RFS), and freedom from disease progression (FFDP) were calculated using the Kaplan–Meier method and compared using the log-rank test. Results: Forty-six patients were included in this analysis, with a median follow-up time of 65.9 months (range=4.7-125.3 months). The metabolic CR (mCR) group exhibited superior OS, RFS, and FFDP compared with the metabolic PR (mPR) group (p=0.003, p=0.001, and p=0.008, respectively). The 1-, 2-, and 5-year FFDP were 92.97%, 89.3%, and 85.6%, respectively, in the mCR group and 78.6%, 61.9%, and 44.2%, respectively, in the mPR group. In subgroup analysis, the FFDP of the mPR group without radiotherapy was significantly lower than that of the other groups (mCR with/without radiotherapy and mPR with radiotherapy, p=0.001). Conclusion: Consolidative radiation therapy using interim PET can benefit patients who do not achieve mCR. Further well-controlled prospective randomized trials are required.
Removal of an Intrauterine Polypoid Lesion Resolved Chemotherapy-resistant Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia: A Case Report
Authors: SATO ASUKA , USUI HIROKAZU , NAKAMURA NATSUKO , KATAYAMA ERI , SHOZU MAKIO , KOGA KAORI
Published: May 2024

Background/Aim: Single-agent chemotherapy typically has curative outcomes in patients with low-risk gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN). Although surgical intervention is a potential alternative, its efficacy in these patients remains unclear. This report describes a case in which surgical excision of a uterine polypoid lesion resolved chemotherapy-resistant low-risk GTN. Case Report: A 43-year-old patient received pulse actinomycin D treatment for post-molar low-risk GTN without extrauterine metastasis. However, the patient showed resistance to the chemotherapy regimen. There was no initial evidence of protrusion of GTN into the uterine cavity; however, a polypoid lesion grew into the uterine cavity during therapy. This growth was successfully excised via a transvaginal approach using forceps with minimal blood loss. There was a postoperative decrease in human chorionic gonadotropin levels, which ultimately reached the predetermined threshold without the need for changing the therapeutic protocol. Conclusion: Surgical resection should be considered a viable therapeutic strategy for uterine polypoid growth in chemotherapy-resistant low-risk GTN.
Frequency of Unplanned Readmissions Following Lung Transplantation During the SAR-COV-2 Pandemic When Hospital Resources Were Strained
Authors: Cole Justin , Golts Eugene , Bernales Michael , Shirazi Dina , Kurup Deepa , Golts Sarah , Yung Gordon , Kafi Aarya , Lin Christine M. , Pollema Travis , Afshar Kamyar
Published: May 2024

Despite the concerted efforts by lung transplant recipients (LTR) and their medical teams, hospital readmissions are common in the first year following transplantation. Reasons for unplanned readmissions include allograft rejection, infections, and respiratory failure before the SARS-COV-2 pandemic. Clinical predictors of readmissions have changed over time with the higher risk factors of acceptable criteria for recipients and donors. We aimed to assess more recent readmission rates based on group classifications to better understand specific groups that are at risk for various readmissions during the SARS-COV-2 pandemic when hospital resources were strained. A retrospective analysis for LTR at UCSD was performed from 1/1/2018 to 6/30/2022. We recorded the baseline demographics; LAS at the time of lung transplant; mechanical ventilation prior to lung transplant; the need for VV-or VA-ECMO prior to or after lung transplantation; categories for UNOS listing (groups A, B, C, D); PGD grade 3 based on the ISHLT definition; and acquisition of serious donor-derived infections. We recorded the primary reason for all the readmissions and the duration of admission. Descriptive statistics were used for the analysis of this 4.5-year patient cohort. 149 LT were performed. 29 were single LTR while 120 were bilateral LTR. Median age of 57 years, 63 patients (42%) were female. Indications for transplantation included 28 (19%) group A, 19 (13%) group B, 12 (8%) group C, and 90 (60%) group D. The median length of follow-up following lung transplant was 1.7 years. Collectively, there were 73 patients (49%) that required readmissions. On average, there are 2.5 readmissions per patient for our cohort. Most common reasons for unplanned readmission included infections, transplant-related (transplant rejection, other complications of transplant, etc.), and GI Related. This was primarily seen in the group D cohort. The median hospital LOS at readmission was 3.8 days (4 hours to 34.6 days). Despite infection being the leading cause of readmission, only 11 cases were related to COVID-19 infection. No death occurred with a readmission. Groups B and D appear to be at a higher risk for readmission, irrespective of the pre-LT LAS and need for mech vent or VV-ECMO.
The Role of Scientific Research in Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Discussions on Twitter: Social Network Analysis
Authors: Jessiman-Perreault Geneviève , Boucher Jean-Christophe , Kim So Youn , Frenette Nicole , Badami Abbas , Smith Henry M , Allen Scott Lisa K
Published: May 2024

Background

Attitudes toward the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine and accuracy of information shared about this topic in web-based settings vary widely. As real-time, global exposure to web-based discourse about HPV immunization shapes the attitudes of people toward vaccination, the spread of misinformation and misrepresentation of scientific knowledge contribute to vaccine hesitancy.

Objective

In this study, we aimed to better understand the type and quality of scientific research shared on Twitter (recently rebranded as X) by vaccine-hesitant and vaccine-confident communities.

Methods

To analyze the use of scientific research on social media, we collected tweets and retweets using a list of keywords associated with HPV and HPV vaccines using the Academic Research Product Track application programming interface from January 2019 to May 2021. From this data set, we identified tweets referring to or sharing scientific literature through a Boolean search for any tweets with embedded links, hashtags, or keywords associated with scientific papers. First, we used social network analysis to build a retweet or reply network to identify the clusters of users belonging to either the vaccine-confident or vaccine-hesitant communities. Second, we thematically assessed all shared papers based on typology of evidence. Finally, we compared the quality of research evidence and bibliometrics between the shared papers in the vaccine-confident and vaccine-hesitant communities.

Results

We extracted 250 unique scientific papers (including peer-reviewed papers, preprints, and gray literature) from approximately 1 million English-language tweets. Social network maps were generated for the vaccine-confident and vaccine-hesitant communities sharing scientific research on Twitter. Vaccine-hesitant communities share fewer scientific papers; yet, these are more broadly disseminated despite being published in less prestigious journals compared to those shared by the vaccine-confident community.

Conclusions

Vaccine-hesitant communities have adopted communication tools traditionally wielded by health promotion communities. Vaccine-confident communities would benefit from a more cohesive communication strategy to communicate their messages more widely and effectively.
Evaluation of Autonomic Nervous System Function During Sleep by Mindful Breathing Using a Tablet Device: Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Togo Eiichi , Takami Miki , Ishigaki Kyoko
Published: May 2024

Background

One issue to be considered in universities is the need for interventions to improve sleep quality and educational systems for university students. However, sleep problems remain unresolved. As a clinical practice technique, a mindfulness-based stress reduction method can help students develop mindfulness skills to cope with stress, self-healing skills, and sleep.

Objective

We aim to verify the effectiveness of mindful breathing exercises using a tablet device.

Methods

In total, 18 nursing students, aged 18-22 years, were randomly assigned and divided equally into mindfulness (Mi) and nonmindfulness (nMi) implementation groups using tablet devices. During the 9-day experimental period, cardiac potentials were measured on days 1, 5, and 9. In each sleep stage (sleep with sympathetic nerve dominance, shallow sleep with parasympathetic nerve dominance, and deep sleep with parasympathetic nerve dominance), low frequency (LF) value, high frequency (HF) value, and LF/HF ratios obtained from the cardiac potentials were evaluated.

Results

On day 5, a significant correlation was observed between sleep duration and each sleep stage in both groups. In comparison to each experimental day, the LF and LF/HF ratios of the Mi group were significantly higher on day 1 than on days 5 and 10. LF and HF values in the nMi group were significantly higher on day 1 than on day 5.

Conclusions

The correlation between sleep duration and each sleep stage on day 5 suggested that sleep homeostasis in both groups was activated on day 5, resulting in similar changes in sleep stages. During the experimental period, the cardiac potentials in the nMi group showed a wide range of fluctuations, whereas the LF values and LF/HF ratio in the Mi group showed a decreasing trend over time. This finding suggests that implementing mindful breathing exercises using a tablet device may suppress sympathetic activity during sleep.

Trial Registration

UMIN-CTR Clinical Trials Registry UMIN000054639; https://tinyurl.com/mu2vdrks
Understanding the Impacts of Online Mental Health Peer Support Forums: Realist Synthesis (Preprint)
Authors: Marshall Paul , Booth Millissa , Coole Matthew , Fothergill Lauren , Glossop Zoe , Haines Jade , Harding Andrew , Johnston Rose , Jones Steven , Lodge Christopher , Machin Karen , Meacock Rachel , Nielson Kristi , Puddephatt Jo-Anne , Rakic Tamara , Rayson Paul , Robinson Heather , Rycroft-Malone Jo , Shryane Nick , Swithenbank Zoe , Wise Sara , Lobban Fiona
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND

Online forums are widely used for mental health peer support. However, evidence of their safety and effectiveness is mixed. Further research focused on articulating the contexts in which positive and negative impacts emerge from forum use is required to inform innovations in implementation.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to develop a realist program theory to explain the impacts of online mental health peer support forums on users.

METHODS

We conducted a realist synthesis of literature published between 2019 and 2023 and 18 stakeholder interviews with forum staff.

RESULTS

Synthesis of 102 evidence sources and 18 interviews produced an overarching program theory comprising 22 context-mechanism-outcome configurations. Findings indicate that users’ perceptions of psychological safety and the personal relevance of forum content are foundational to ongoing engagement. Safe and active forums that provide convenient access to information and advice can lead to improvements in mental health self-efficacy. Within the context of welcoming and nonjudgmental communities, users may benefit from the opportunity to explore personal difficulties with peers, experience reduced isolation and normalization of mental health experiences, and engage in mutual encouragement. The program theory highlights the vital role of moderators in creating facilitative online spaces, stimulating community engagement, and limiting access to distressing content. A key challenge for organizations that host mental health forums lies in balancing forum openness and anonymity with the need to enforce rules, such as restrictions on what users can discuss, to promote community safety.

CONCLUSIONS

This is the first realist synthesis of online mental health peer support forums. The novel program theory highlights how successful implementation depends on establishing protocols for enhancing safety and strategies for maintaining user engagement to promote forum sustainability.

CLINICALTRIAL

PROSPERO CRD42022352528; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=352528
On Analyzing the Linguistic Features of English Financial Reports
Authors: Ren XueTing
Published: May 2024

This study is dedicated to exploring and analyzing the unique characteristics of English financial reports in terms of language usage, aiming to reveal their unique style and expression from various levels, such as vocabulary, syntactic structure, semantic comprehension and rhetorical strategies. By systematically comparing the linguistic characteristics of English financial reports with those of other news genres, this dissertation aims to provide readers with a basis for in-depth understanding of English financial reports, and then provide theoretical references and practical guidance for the future development of the field of financial information dissemination and news reporting practice.
Exploration and Research on the Training Mode of Professional Degree Graduates-taking Civil Engineering and Water Conservancy as an Example
Authors: Wu Yu , Xu Jun , Zhou Jie , Wang Xiaofei
Published: May 2024

With the rapid development of the social economy, the demand for talents is increasing. It is necessary to have a solid theoretical foundation and good hands-on and creative abilities. How to cultivate graduate students majoring in civil engineering and water conservancy is the most important issue for people. The exploration of the training mode for master’s students majoring in civil engineering and water conservancy mainly includes: establishing training objectives in the planning stage, formulating training plans, and developing evaluation indicators; the implementation phase includes teaching, research guidance, internships, and other stages; the assessment stage is to evaluate the academic level and teaching quality of graduate students majoring in wood water conservancy; in the improvement stage, based on the assessment results, adjust the training plan, improve the teaching methods for graduate students in the field of wood and water conservancy, and enhance the discipline construction; on this basis, through continuous PDCA(Plan-Do-Check-Act) cycles, the overall quality and professional ability of talents have been further improved to meet the needs of social and industrial development. Group 1 (experimental group) scored 85 points in time management, 90 points in resource allocation, and 88 points in risk control. Four groups (control group) scored 75 points in time management, 78 points in resource allocation, and 72 points in risk control. This article aims to assist students in quickly integrating into the workplace and serving socio-economic development.
Bienestar Subjetivo e Influencia mediática: Determinantes de Confianza Institucional en América Latina
Authors: Irigoyen Ibarra Sebastián Emiliano
Published: May 2024

Los gobiernos progresistas latinoamericanos del siglo XXI se han caracterizado por priorizar el fortalecimiento de las instituciones para promover el crecimiento inclusivo y atender las necesidades de los sectores vulnerables. Sin embargo, se ha observado que las mejoras en el bienestar objetivo no siempre se traducen en un aumento de la felicidad de la población. Este malestar subjetivo puede erosionar el apoyo a los gobiernos e influir en su legitimidad. Este artículo aborda dos cuestiones fundamentales: el papel del bienestar objetivo y subjetivo en la confianza en los gobiernos, y el impacto de los medios de comunicación en la confianza institucional, especialmente en gobiernos de orientación izquierdista. Se realiza un análisis empírico utilizando datos de la Encuesta Mundial de Valores (WVS-7) del periodo 2018-2022. Los resultados confirman que la confianza en los gobiernos depende tanto de factores materiales como de percepciones subjetivas, como la felicidad individual. Además, la importancia estadística de ambas variables respalda la idea de que el bienestar objetivo no siempre se traduce en felicidad, y que el malestar subjetivo puede debilitar la confianza institucional. Además, se arroja evidencia sobre la influencia de los medios de comunicación en el deterioro de la confianza en las instituciones cuando los gobiernos en turno son de izquierda.
Towards Precision Navigation: Curved lane Detection System in Vehicles
Authors: Singh Shipra
Published: May 2024

Abstract: Curved lane detection is a critical componentof advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) and autonomous vehicles, playing a pivotal role in ensuring safeand efficient navigation on complex roadways. In the pursuitof enhancing accuracy and expediting processing speed in road lane detection, researchers have proposed numerous methodologies. Despite these efforts, several challenges persist, including variations in lane markings, fluctuations in lighting conditions, and the emergence of shadows. Addressing these obstacles is crucial for establishing dependable lane detection systems. The curve lane detection algorithm exhibits a robust performance, as evidenced by the experimental results, which consistently reveal a notably high success rate in accurately identifying and delineating curved lanes
Improving the Accuracy of DDos Attack Detection by Fine Tuning CNN-LSTM Classifier
Authors: Elangovan Dr. Karthik
Published: May 2024

Abstract: DDoS attacks also known as distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks have emerged as one of the most serious and fastest-growing threats on the Internet. Denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks are an example of cyber-attacks that target a specific system or network in an attempt to render it inaccessible or unusable for a period of time. As a result improving the detection of diverse types of DDoS cyber threats with better algorithms and higher accuracy while keeping the computational cost under control has become the most significant component of detecting DDoS cyber threats. DDoS (distributed denial-of-service) attack originates from many sources scattered over multiple network locations. DoS attacks are primarily motivated by the desire to significantly degrade the performance or completely consume a certain resource and a process to exploit a machine defect and cause failure of a processing or exhausting the system resources by exploiting a system flaw. Yet another method of assaulting the target system is to flood the network and monopolies it so preventing anyone else from utilizing it. DDoS attack has a high impact on crashing the network resources making the target servers unable to support the valid users.
URL and Malicious Link Prediction
Authors: Chandrakala Dr. M.
Published: May 2024

Abstract: In response to the pressing cybersecurity challenges posed by the proliferation of phishing URLs and malicious links, this research introduces a ground breaking approach centered on transfer learning within deep neural networks. By leveraging transfer learning, intricate patterns within URLs and their content are unveiled, culminating in the development of a model seamlessly integrating Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (BiLSTM) and Bidirectional Gated Recurrent Unit (BiGRU) networks. These architectures effectively capture sequential dependencies, enhanced by their bidirectional variants accessing both past and future states to comprehend temporal dynamics and improve performance. Through meticulous evaluation and fine-tuning processes, the proposed cybersecurity solution demonstrates robustness and efficacy in defending against evolving threats. This research contributes significantly to advancing the cybersecurity domain, introducing an adaptive strategy that harnesses the strengths of BiLSTM and BiGRU networks within the framework of transfer learning, thus paving the way for more resilient and effective cybersecurity solutions.
Summarization for Enhanced Video Conference Collaboration
Authors: Thampi Aswin
Published: May 2024

Abstract: Efficient collaboration during video conferences is crucial for team productivity. However, the absence of effective mechanisms to capture and preserve key insights often results in misunderstandings and reduced efficiency. The proposed initiative focuses on developing a web application to improve collaboration in video conferences by converting speech conversations into summarized text. Leveraging machine learning models, the system transcribes spoken content using whisper model and employs abstractive summarization using Pegasus X-Sum model. The Whisper architecture is implemented as an encoder-decoder Transformer. Input audio is split into 30-second chunks, converted into a log-Mel spectrogram, and then passed into an encoder. A decoder is trained to predict the corresponding text caption, intermixed with special tokens that direct the model to perform transcription. The goal is to empower users to effortlessly capture and retain crucial discussions, promoting better understanding and decision-making.
Deepfake Audio Detection System
Authors: Kapoor Tushar
Published: May 2024

Abstract: To ensure the authenticity of audio material, it is important to establish reliable detection tools that can trace the spread and use of deepfake technologies. This study focuses on the methodology of deepfake audio identification via Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC) as features with Random Forest as a classifier. By extracting MFCC features from audio clips and using them in a Random Forest model, one can learn unique spectral properties that can help distinguish deepfakes from authentic audio. The Random Forest algorithm, famous for its quality of being able to work well in an ensemble learning paradigm, is utilized to identify patterns that are representative of deepfake manipulation. To ensure the efficiency and reliability of this method, it was tested on a large number of different data sets that included both genuine and fake voice samples. To ensure robustness and generalization, cross-validation techniques are employed, restricting model predictions to the range of 0 to 1 and providing informative error messages for effective diagnosis. Thus, it is an important scientific study helping to develop and strengthen methods for identifying and eliminating threats in the area of artificial sound activity.
Face Detection under Hostile Circumstances using Innovative Robust Methods
Authors: Prasad Lakshmi
Published: May 2024

Abstract: An attendance system is crucial for monitoring student presence in classes, with various methods available such as biometric, RFID card, face recognition, and traditional paper-based systems. Among these, face recognition stands out for its security and efficiency. This research focuses on enhancing the face recognition attendance system's accuracy by minimizing false positives through a confidence threshold based on the Euclidean distance metric. The Local Binary Pattern Histogram (LBPH) algorithm outperforms other distance-based methods like Eigenfaces and Fisherfaces due to its robustness against grayscale transformations. Face detection relies on Haar cascades for their robustness, while LBPH is employed for recognition. Leveraging LBPH for recognition tasks significantly improves the system’s ability to discern subtle variations in facial features, thereby enhancing overall accuracy. Moreover, the effectiveness of the system heavily relies on robust face detection techniques. Haar cascades are employed for this purpose, leveraging their proven reliability in detecting faces across diverse environmental conditions and camera angles. The system achieves a recognition rate of 77% for students and a false- positive rate of 28%. Notably, it effectively recognizes students even with variations like wearing glasses or facial hair. Face recognition for unknown individuals is approximately 60%,with false-positive rates of 14% and 30% with and without the threshold, respectively.
Unravelling Stock Market Patterns: Analysis and Predictive Modelling Using Time Series and Deep Learning
Authors: Iyengar Snigdha
Published: May 2024

Abstract: Within the dynamic landscape of the financial markets, where fortunes can shift with the wind, the precision of future prediction holds immense value. This research embarks on a quest to enhance the accuracy of stock market forecasts, venturing into the domain of advanced time series models. We shall closely examine three prominent methodologies: the venerable ARIMA, the multifaceted VARMA, and the potent deep learning architecture known as LSTM. Through a rigorous investigation of their strengths and limitations, we shall subject these models to both univariate and multivariate data extracted from the Indian stock market. This comparative analysis aims to glean invaluable insights into their predictive capabilities, ultimately paving the path for the development of even more sophisticated forecasting tools. By wielding these instruments with confidence, investors can navigate the intricate dynamics of the market with a newfound certainty and optimize their decision-making for greater returns. Our endeavor transcends mere numerical analysis; it seeks to illuminate the complex dance of the market, unravel its hidden patterns, and ultimately empower investors to gain the upper hand in this challenging yet potentially rewarding financial sphere.
Understanding the Motivations of Gig Workers to Stay in an Organization
Authors: Nalini Dr. M.
Published: May 2024

Abstract: In the modern landscape of the gig economy, which is characterized by flexible work arrangements and temporary employment obligations, maintaining gig workers in the organizational framework has become a critical concern. The aim of this study is to in-depth explore the complex motivations that drive the decisions of gig workers to persist within organizations. Through a nuanced examination of the roles of work satisfaction, the benefits sought and the culture of the workplace, as well as the mediating influence of organizational structure, this research seeks to unravel the complexities of retention dynamics in the gig economy. This study takes a multidisciplinary approach, combining theoretical ideas from organizational behavior and human resource management to understand the variables impacting gig workers' retention decisions. By combining actual data and conceptual frameworks, this study contributes to a better understanding of the reasons that drive gig workers' loyalty to organizational entities.
Caminhos na floresta: colonização e educação na Amazônia
Authors: Oliveira Iuri da Cruz , Nunes Reginaldo de Oliveira
Published: May 2024

Quando nos propomos a explorar os caminhos que permeiam a história de Rondônia, somos instigados a desvendar não apenas os contornos da paisagem física, mas também as tramas e os fios que tecem a complexa estrada da colonização e da educação nesse estado amazônico. Este livro, intitulado “Caminhos na Floresta: Colonização e Educação na Amazônia” surge como um convite para compreender essa complexa temática. Os capítulos são frutos de artigos desenvolvidos no componente curricular Educação com Povos da Floresta, do curso de Licenciatura em Pedagogia, da Fundação Universidade Federal de Rondônia (UNIR), campus de Ji-Paraná. Ao adentrarmos na densa vegetação e nas águas dos rios que contam essa terra, somos transportados para um passado repleto de desafios, conquistas e, acima de tudo, de resiliência. Neste livro, cada página é um convite para desvendar os segredos guardados pela floresta e pelas comunidades que nela habitam. Desde os primeiros passos dos “colonizadores” até as iniciativas contemporâneas de educação e sustentabilidade. A colonização e a educação são fios condutores que se entrelaçam ao longo desta narrativa, refletindo a importância intrínseca do conhecimento na construção de sociedades resilientes e sustentáveis. À medida que navegamos pelos capítulos deste livro, somos convidados a refletir não apenas sobre o passado, mas também sobre o presente e o futuro de Rondônia, reconhecendo os desafios que ainda persistem e as oportunidades que se apresentam para forjar um destino comum, baseado no respeito pela natureza e pela diversidade humana. Assim, é com grande entusiasmo que convidamos você, leitor, a embarcar nesta jornada de descoberta e reflexão pelos caminhos da floresta de Rondônia. Que este livro possa iluminar seu caminho e inspirá-lo a enxergar além das sombras do passado, vislumbrando um futuro de esperança e progresso para todos os que compartilham deste território.
Trabajo infantil: un reto institucional en el Caquetá
Authors: Mosquera Rubio Jina Mauren
Published: May 2024

El presente artículo tuvo como objetivo desarrollar el análisis de la implementación de la política pública para la prevención y erradicación del trabajo infantil en el departamento del Caquetá en los periodos 2021-2022-1. De esta manera, se aplicó la metodología de corte cualitativo para la recolección de información mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas y, se abordó, el enfoque analítico documental mediante una ficha técnica para analizar las entrevistas y los informes de los Comités Interinstitucionales de Prevención y Erradicación de Trabajo Infantil (CIETI), teniendo en cuenta el trabajo infantil y erradicación del trabajo infantil mediante la implementación de la política pública.Entre los resultados se identificaron las acciones llevadas a cabo para la erradicación del trabajo infantil en el departamento del Caquetá a través de los CIETI´s municipales. Se evidenció el componente de la política pública implementada por los municipios del departamento, el conocimiento de la institución sobre la línea de política pública, la implementación de la política pública y la efectividad de la política pública para la prevención y erradicación del trabajo infantil en el departamento del Caquetá.Finalmente, las conclusiones resaltaron la importancia de las acciones desarrolladas para prevenir y erradicar el trabajo infantil en el departamento, fundamentadas desde el plan de desarrollo departamental, destacando así la efectiva ejecución del eje 2: prevención y vulneración enfocados en la legislación como punto de partida para obtener una ruta de atención y prevención.
Twisted Trajectories and Jewish-Muslim Interfaces: Bukharan Jews of Central Asia in Vienna
Authors: Skvirskaja Vera
Published: May 2024

This article discusses migration of Bukharan Jews – an ethnic-religious minority in (post-)Soviet Central Asia – and the establishment of multi-confessional, multi-ethnic Central Asian diaspora in the city of Vienna, Austria. During the Cold War period, Vienna was transformed from being a major transit hub for Soviet Jews moving from the USSR to Israel, USA and other destinations to a site of the most numerous and prominent Bukharan Jewish diaspora in Europe. Using the concept of ‘migration infrastructure’, the article investigates the ways in which this transformation took place. Furthermore, it focuses on Jewish-Muslim interfaces, both in Soviet Uzbekistan and present-day diaspora, to document the ongoing, albeit changing, coexistence and collaboration across ethnic-religious boundaries that facilitate transnational migration. I argue that the Jewish infrastructure, which emerged in Vienna’s historically Jewish district of Leopoldstadt in the last decades, has also become a migrant infrastructure for the post-Soviet Tadjik-speaking Muslim migrants from Central Asia.
Apresentação - Dossiê “Relações étnico-raciais e Ensino de Ciências”
Authors: Eugenio Benedito , Prudêncio Christiana Andréa Vianna , Silva Ivanderson Pereira da
Published: May 2024

Apresentação do Dossiê
Combination of minimal residual disease and 123 I-Metaiodobenzylguanidine scintigraphy in monitoring of neuroblastoma metastases
Authors: Zhou Ziang , xuyanfeng * , Wang Guanyun , Zhang Mingyu , Wang Wei , Yang Jigang
Published: May 2024

Background: Accurate and early detection of neuroblastoma (NB)
metastases is an urgent requirement for clinical diagnosis and
treatment. This study aimed to explore the value of a new diagnostic
model combining I -Metaiodobenzylguanidine
(MIBG) scintigraphy, minimal residual disease (MRD) examination and
clinical parameters in detecting metastases of NB. Methods: A
total of 76 pediatric patients (41 males and 35 females) with both
I-MIBG scintigraphy and bone marrow (BM) MRD were
retrospectively analyzed. MRD were detected using Quantitative reverse
transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) targeting PHOX2B gene
and disseminated NB cells in BM were detected by flow cytometry (FCM).
The diagnostic efficacy was assessed by comparing
I-MIBG scintigraphy and diagnostic model with the
gold standard which included pathology, other relevant imaging
examinations, and follow-up more than 18 months. The diagnostic efficacy
was evaluated using the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive
value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and receiver operating
characteristic (ROC) curve. The Delong test was used to evaluate the
improvement in diagnostic efficacy. Results: Regarding the
diagnosis of metastases, I-MIBG scintigraphy
exhibited high diagnostic value (sensitivity: 57.5%, specificity:
94.4%, PPV: 92.0%, NPV: 66.7%, are under the curve [AUC]: 0.760,
with a 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.649-0.870). After logistic
regression analysis, I-MIBG scintigraphy, MYCN gene
amplification status, chromosome 11q23 aberration, radiotherapy, and
BM-MRD based on PHOX2B gene were included in the multi-parameter
diagnostic model. The model demonstrated an AUC=0.907 (95% CI: 0.834 -
0.979), with sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of 82.1%, 87.9%,
88.9% and 80.6%, respectively. Conclusion: In the assessment
of metastases in pediatric NB patients, the multi-parameter diagnostic
model demonstrated superior diagnostic efficacy compared to
I-MIBG scintigraphy and had the potential to be a
promising tool for monitoring residual disease and diagnosing the
presence of metastases.
Exploring the factors affecting political education in Iran
Authors: Pirani Shohreh , Naderi Mahdi
Published: May 2024

The transmission of political values and norms through education is crucial for global political systems. It enhances citizens' engagement in politics and society. This paper explores influential factors in the political education of Iranian citizens within an Islamic community society. Focusing on Islamic political education values and objectives, it elaborates on principles impacting Iranian citizens' education. It examines the conceptual framework, nature, goals, applications, and dimensions, while scrutinizing components' role in educating committed citizens. This article employs the qualitative document analysis method. The findings highlight the crucial role of Iranian political culture in developing political education. The political culture of Iranians is a combination of participant and subject political cultures. Iranian political culture significantly influences political education, driven by factors like family, media, education institutions, government, political and religious rituals, and religion. These factors play a critical role in shaping the perspectives, values, and political identities of individuals.
Efficacy of Midazolam/Meperidine vs Midazolam/Hydromorphone for Enteral Moderate Sedation in the Pediatric Dental Patient
Authors: Kinard Bryce W. , Zale Andrew S. , Reed Kenneth L.
Published: May 2024

Objective: The goal of this study was to compare the efficacy of midazolam/meperidine (M/M) vs midazolam/hydromorphone (M/H) for enteral moderate sedation along with inhalational sedation in pediatric dental patients.

Methods: This retrospective chart review analyzed the charts of pediatric patients who received dental treatment under enteral moderate sedation with either M/M or M/H in combination with inhalational sedation (nitrous oxide/oxygen) at El Rio Community Health Centers (affiliated with NYU Langone) in Tucson, Arizona, from July 2014 to December 2020. Included subjects were between 2 and 5 years of age, less than 20 kg, and otherwise healthy. In addition to demographic and drug-dosing data, treatment completion, sedation level, behavioral score, overall effectiveness, and sedation duration data were collected and analyzed from each patient’s chart.

Results: No statistically significant differences were observed when comparing the 2 drug regimens in treatment completion (P = .89), sedation level (P = .74), and overall effectiveness (P = .70). There was a statistically significant difference in behavior scoring, with the M/H group demonstrating higher scores (P = .04) than the M/M group.

Conclusion: The combination of midazolam and hydromorphone may provide an effective alternative to midazolam and meperidine when used with inhalational sedation (nitrous oxide/oxygen) for the moderate sedation of pediatric dental patients.