bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Policy Planning to Support Technological Innovation in the Pharmaceutical Industry
Authors: Chan Leong , Liu Dan
Published: June 2019

The pharmaceutical industry is often characterized as a research-driven sector because of its exceptionally high ratio of R&D inputs to sales. Development of novel drugs is very difficult because of several issues including heavy investment, high risks, and long development cycle. Government plays an important role in regulating the development of the pharmaceutical industry. This is true for all phases in pharmaceutical development: from R&D to market. This chapter will focus on the discussion of prospective high-tech areas, development strategies, and innovation resources in the pharmaceutical industry. Expert opinions were analyzed based on the conditions in China's biopharmaceutical sector. Policy recommendations are provided to support technological innovation.
E-Service Innovation in Rural Africa Through Value Co-Creation
Authors: Bon Anna , Gordijn Jaap , Akkermans Hans
Published: June 2019

E-Services have great potential, even in resource-poor environments such as in sub-Saharan Africa. However, contextual factors pose significant challenges for development, feasibility, deployment and sustainability of e-services. This chapter presents a case of e-service value co-creation in a rural context, with targeted end users in regions characterized by limited electricity infrastructure and poor or absent internet, strong diversity in languages spoken, high illiteracy rates and limited purchasing power. It offers a methodology to upfront analyze business model sustainability for e-service innovation in severely resource-constrained contexts. This is illustrated by an extensive case study in which a voice-based microblogging e-service was developed and deployed with local stakeholders in rural Mali.
Clash of Cultures
Authors: Loy Jennifer , Canning Samuel
Published: June 2019

In 2012, a Belgian company called Materialise hosted a fashion show featuring designs from a worldwide millinery competition. The featured pieces were paraded down a catwalk by professional models, and an overall winner chosen. What made this fashion show unusual was that the attendees were predominantly clinical and industrial engineers, and the host was a specialist engineering and software development company that emerged in 1990 from a research facility based at Leuven University. Engineers and product designers rather than fashion designers created the millinery and the works were all realized through additive manufacturing technology. This chapter provides an example of how fashion design has become a creative stimulus for the development of the technology. It illustrates how disruptive creativity has the potential to advance scientific research, with the two worlds of engineering and fashion coming together through a collaboration with industrial design. The chapter highlights the challenges and possible implications for preparing trans-disciplinary research teams.
Knowledge for Business Innovation in Software Industries
Authors: Baragde Dileep Baburao
Published: June 2019

Business innovation is almost limitless with the advent of software industries and latest technology. The purpose of this chapter is to explore different concepts regarding knowledge for Business Innovation and describe it for Software Industries. The chapter contributes to the literature by describing Business Innovation, their types, role, scope, opportunities and its requirement especially in Software Industries; and role played by knowledge for Business Innovation. The outcome shows how knowledge helps for robustness in decision making. Whereas traditional business innovation often focuses on balancing engineering and finances in order to create functional utility for consumers, design thinking focuses first on what customers desire in order to create emotional values.
Integrating Sustainable Development Into Project Portfolio Management Through Application of Open Innovation
Authors: Daneshpour Hosein
Published: June 2019

In recent years, the idea of integration of sustainability into project management has been put forth, which requires a more comprehensive and holistic approach to project management. Integration of sustainability increases the complexity of project management. Therefore, project management organizations require a framework capable of opening up the traditional organization of the project business and providing competitive advantages. This study argues that the open innovation model presents the requisite capability to approach this issue. This research, through a structured review of the literature and an overview of the open innovation and project management knowledge areas, explains how open innovation can provide a fruitful contribution to the integration of sustainable development into project portfolio management and why it should be favoured. The findings show that open innovation can facilitate the environmental, social and economic sustainability of projects, while rendering the project organization more agile.
Public Organizations and Business Model Innovation
Authors: Lewandowski Mateusz
Published: June 2019

Improvement of public services and raising the citizens' quality of life is one of the biggest concerns of public sector. Changing the way public organizations operate could support such an improvement. In this regard, business model framework is an emerging field of research that could shed some new light. Yet, in case of public organizations, business model innovation remains heavily underexplored. The purpose of this chapter is threefold, to indicate and discuss the opportunities of adapting the business model innovation theory to public organizations, to conceptualize its theoretical framework, and to explore the role of public service design in the process of innovating public sector business models.
The Influence of Human Resources Management Processes (HRMPs) to Achieving Sustainable Competitive Advantage
Authors: Jarrah Mufleh Amin AL , Karadsheh Louay , Naser Muawya , Alhawari Samer
Published: June 2019

This article is used to examine the impact of HRMP to achieve a sustainable competitive advantage (SCA) in organizations. The hypotheses that HRMPs influences SCA imply that control of distinctive processes of human resources management (HRM) in industrial companies implies distinct factors of SCA. As a result, new questionnaires were developed and disseminated to 50 companies (200 top and middle managers) in Jordan in a survey format. The collected data was subjected to several simple regression tests using an SPSS program. The research findings presented that different processes of HRM, depending on acquisition, recruitment, training, evaluation performance, and promotion. There has been a strong interest in competing to achieve the highest SCA. The implications of the findings were discussed and suggestions were made.
The Commercialisation of University Engineering Projects
Authors: De Coster Rebecca , Taib Syakirah Mohamad
Published: June 2019

The wider context in which technology innovation takes place includes innovation that occurs at various levels within a national innovation network. The national innovation network recognises the role of Universities and other public sector organisations in developing more basic research. However, universities and government agencies may also contribute to more practical technological developments by better utilising students' projects. The focus of this chapter is the commercialisation of university student engineering or design projects including examples of developmental processes and practices in the UK and Malaysia. These highlight the role of universities (staff and resources) in supporting and facilitating entrepreneurship which often necessitates external networking with industry contacts.
The Interactions Between Information and Communication Technologies and Innovation in Services
Authors: Nardelli Giulia
Published: June 2019

Recent literature reveals the increasingly important role of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) within innovation in services. This paper aims at outlining how scholars have conceptualized and defined the relationship between ICT and innovation in services so far, by analysing the fragmented body of knowledge available on the topic, to strengthen the research area as field of study and support its progress. The results of the literature review were derived through a concept-centric analysis of the existing research on ICT and innovation in services. The outcome of the literature review is a conceptual typology that organizes and summarizes the body of knowledge on ICT and innovation in services, and reveals the critical knowledge gaps along with an agenda for future research. The main contribution of this work resides in having organized existing literature on the relationship between ICT and innovation in services into a conceptual typology. The conceptual typology outlines the three main aspects of the link between ICT and innovation in services: the integration of organizational and innovation processes; the cooperation among internal and external agents; and the self-reinforcing innovation mechanism that characterizes ICT as a product.
An Empirical Study of Technological Factors Affecting Cloud Enterprise Resource Planning Systems Adoption
Authors: Kinuthia Njenga , Chung Sock
Published: June 2019

The adoption of cloud enterprise resource planning (CERP) systems deserves serious attention from both the practitioner and academic communities. This study empirically investigated the relationships for organizations that adopted CERP systems and for average organizations which are interested in CERP system adoption based on three technological and one benefit factors: The study identified the relevant technological factors as relative advantage, compatibility and security concern over the system adoption. This study indicated that the three technological and one perceived benefit factors are significant predictors of CERP systems adoption. The findings of the study provide evidence that organizations with CERP systems have a higher level of the three technological factors and perceived benefits than the mean of each relevant factor for all organizations that are merely interested in adopting the systems. The study discusses practical and theoretical implications of the results, and provides a guide for CERP systems adoption and a basis for further research.
Business Model Innovation in the Agri-Food Sector
Authors: Tell Joakim , Hoveskog Maya , Ulvenblad Pia , Ulvenblad Per-Ola , Barth Henrik , Ståhl Jenny
Published: June 2019

The purpose of this article is to deepen our understanding of what we know about business model innovation in the agri-food sector, both from a theoretical as well as a practical perspective. The methodological approach used in the paper is built on interviews, focus groups and observations of agricultural entrepreneurs and agricultural advisors in the agriculture sector and a review of over 500 peer-reviewed research papers for the period 1990-2014. The findings of the study indicate that entrepreneurs within the agri-food sector ought to shift focus from only a producer perspective to also include an entrepreneurial perspective, e.g. to focus on business model innovation. Based on this knowledge the authors present implications for research and practice. The research field is young and broad, but developing, and in need of stronger theoretical foundations. This article is based on a combination of a systematic literature review of a new emerging field as well as empirical in-depth interviews, focus groups and observations.
How to Create a Breakthrough Innovation
Authors: David Raphael Kling
Published: June 2019

We are witnessing the biggest transformation in the technology in the modern society increasing dramatically the data usage, more efficient services, and customized product/services. In the globalized world, the traditional incremental innovation, in some cases, might not be enough to defeat the competition and make a successful business in the long term. In order to compete in a competitive market, the entrepreneurs constantly look for new ways to create a breakthrough innovation. The aim of this chapter is to discuss disruptive innovation and strategies for creating disruptive business combining futures research methodologies with business model framework. In order to meet the objective, an analysis of state of art has been carried out providing an overview of disruptive Innovation and the main “future research” methodologies (Delphi method, casual layered analysis, scenario method, and technology roadmapping). A combined model of technology roadmapping methodology with business model canvas is proposed to model disruptive innovation and a case study is presented.
Smart Environment
Authors: Brkljačić Tihana , Majetić Filip , Tarabić Božidar Nikša
Published: June 2019

The aim of the research was to explore young people's habits and attitudes regarding visiting urban green places and ICT use in park settings. A multi–method design involving in–depth semi–structured interviews (n=34) and questionnaire (n=246) was applied. The qualitative research findings were used to prepare instruments for the quantitative stage, and to develop a model of park–visiting behavior of young park users. Most participants visited parks few times per month, usually during the afternoons, accompanied with someone. The main motives for park visits were related to the nature, while the main drawbacks were lack of spare time and bad weather. The most popular activity in parks was conversation. The participants rarely used ICT devices in parks. No significant difference was found regarding subjective wellbeing indicators and frequency of park visits, but positive change in mood was observed after visiting parks. Attitudes towards urban parks were grouped around three distinctive factors: Management, Use and Preferences, explaining 14% of variance of park visiting behavior.
Living Labs and Urban Smartness
Authors: Concilio Grazia , Molinari Francesco
Published: June 2019

Urban Living Labs are socio-digital innovation environments in realistic city life conditions based on multi-stakeholder partnerships that effectively involve citizens in the co-creation and co-production of new or reformed public services and infrastructures. This chapter explores the growing phenomenon of Urban Living Labs and analyses the nature of related innovations in the perspective of ‘City Smartness' – a mantra for local governments worldwide which are having to address increasingly complex problems with fast diminishing financial resources. It goes on to briefly overview the urban governance models emerging in such environments and finally focuses on the challenges posed by these models as result of integration between the ‘technology push' Smart City vision and the ‘human pull' Urban Living Lab concept and approach.
Economic Convergence and Real Dimensions
Authors: Chakraborty Saptarshi
Published: June 2019

Economic convergence exists when two or more economies tend to reach a similar level of development and wealth. The idea of convergence in economics is the hypothesis that poorer economies' per capita incomes will tend to grow at faster rates than richer economies. Though income is considered to be an important indicator, it is now widely recognized that ‘real' dimensions like nutrition, health, shelter, education etc. assess the overall wellbeing of an individual/household. The objective of this chapter is to discuss and formulate a methodology by which one can measure shelter deprivation and its convergence in a region as a step forward to add on to overall well-being of an individual or household. This chapter not only shows a methodology to calculate such divergence and analyses the reasons for such divergence, but also prepares a list of possible combinations of policy prescriptions by which a policy maker, such as the government, can find the extent of rectification of shelter deprivation of a group given its allotment of budget.
Housing Submarkets and Future Demographic Developments
Authors: Kyriakidis Dimitris
Published: June 2019

Europe is undergoing a profound demographic change. This change will affect significantly all aspects of modern economies including the demand and the prices of the housing stock. The relationship between prices of the housing market and associated demographic variables has been long established. However, in the current literature, the housing market is considered to be unitary and coherent, that is one price reflects the housing stock without taking into account the housing characteristics which in real economy are considered essential for price calculation. To this respect it must be noted that housing submarkets existence has been long established based on the current literature. However and in relation to housing submarkets, the actual goal of the studies currently exist was the definition process, the models and the techniques that should be employed in order to acquire best results. Housing submarkets are considered important in the understanding of different social phenomena. In this chapter an attempt is made to review the relationship of housing prices to demographic variables and then a review on the definition process of housing submarkets.
Statistical Analysis of Housing Situation in EU Member States
Authors: Zimny Artur , Zawieja-Żurowska Karina
Published: June 2019

This chapter attempts to analyze the housing market. In particular, it attempts to modelling through a statistical analysis the housing market in member states of the European Union.
Leveraging Hybrid Value Chain for Affordable Housing Delivery in the City of Windhoek
Authors: Randa Isaac Okoth
Published: June 2019

Hybrid Value Chain (HVC) has emerged both as a business model and development innovation that leverages joint capabilities of the business and citizen sectors to enable the delivery of essential goods and services to low income consumers in cost effective ways. In Namibia, especially in Windhoek, limited access to affordable housing for the low-medium income households is a major concern. Adopting an interpretivist perspective, an in-depth literature review of published records, and using hybrid value chain analysis; this chapter aims to identify an effective and efficient strategy for the delivery of affordable housing in Windhoek using the stakeholder engagement approach. HVC provides mechanisms to analyse the roles and duties of the public, private and community institutions, and thereby suggests possible policy interventions for a viable affordable housing delivery strategy. Presently, there are several non-integrated housing initiatives in Windhoek; however, the proposed Public-Private-Social-Sector Partnership model represents a new business model in the affordable housing sector.
A Genetic Algorithm-Based Multivariate Grey Model in Housing Demand Forecast in Turkey
Authors: Eren Miraç , Çelik Ali Kemal , Huseyni İbrahim
Published: June 2019

Housing sector is commonly considered as a very strong economic industry in terms of both its contribution to creating employment and its impact on other associated sectors. By means of its featured characteristics, the sector also plays an important role on economic growth and development of emerging countries. In this respect, any evidence that determines factors affecting housing investments and future demand behavior may be remarkably valuable for monitoring possible future excess supply and deficits. This chapter attempts to determine factors affecting housing demand in Turkey during a sample period of 2003-2011 using a genetic algorithm-based multivariate grey model. Housing demand forecasts are also employed until the year 2020. Results reveal that several factors including M2 money supply, consumer price index and urbanization rate have an impact on housing demand. According to housing demand forecasts, a significant housing demand increase is expected in Turkey.
Understanding the Role of Urban Morphology and Green Areas Configuration During Heat Waves
Authors: Stanganelli Marialuce , Gerundo Carlo
Published: June 2019

This paper focuses on urban planning strategies to adapt cities to the increasing rising of temperatures during summer heat waves. The main target is to investigate which configuration and distribution pattern of green spaces could effectively improve natural cooling of urban environments. Although the benefit that green areas give to natural cooling is well known, this kind of studies has hardly been carried out, especially at an urban scale where it is crucial to define quantities and density of green areas to address open spaces design. To reach this goal, a methodology based on the interpretation of the statistical correlation among temperature, urban parameters and green areas configurational indicators was implemented and applied to the case study of the Municipality of Naples, performing all the analysis in a GIS. Results provide guidelines to improve natural cooling in urban areas adopting the most effective configuration and distribution of green areas within a densely-built context.
Decision Support System Design Requirements, Information Management, and Urban Logistics Efficiency
Authors: Herrera Jairo Enrique Parra , Argüello Laura Vanessa Palacios , Gonzalez-Feliu Jesus , Jaimes Wilson Adarme
Published: June 2019

The aim of this chapter is to define the requirements for the design of a Decision Support System (DSS), in order to address the problems associated with loading and unloading of goods operations in Bogotá, Colombia. The requirements definition is based on information obtained from the project “Formulación de alternativas para el cargue y descargue de mercancías en Bogotá” developed by the Universidad Nacional de Colombia. We present a literature review concerning with the relevance of developments and application of this kind of systems in cities such as Bogotá, regarded by some authors as a megacity in Latin America. The definition of the design requirements of the system is rooted in the identified needs of the stakeholders involved in urban logistics operations with the aim of encompassing and providing reliable information that favors the design of a DSS adapted to identified conditions.
Promoting Diversity and Multicultural Training in Higher Education
Authors: Hsieh Alexander L. , Seshadri Gita
Published: June 2019

The educational system and academia reside at the core of most professional settings. The issues are that diversity and multicultural content and process continue to be taught in higher education but multicultural issues within programs are sometimes neglected. These concerns occur in and out of the classroom and can be a microcosm of biases in our society. This chapter seeks to promote diversity and multicultural training and discussion of microaggressions to infuse and build higher education programs to become more culturally competent both in content and process. The theoretical concepts are presented to offer a guideline and lens to perceive faculty training. Biases are explored as they pertain to our current state of higher education in both the structure and content. Instances of faculty training are given with case examples to highlight the training process and to promote an academic environment that is open to multicultural discussions and persistent on creating and maintaining safe space and time. Suggestions for future exploration and reading recommendations are made.
Using Instructional Design Goals to Appropriately Classify Instructional Design Models
Authors: Salifu Shani
Published: June 2019

This chapter probes an assertion by Gustafson and Branch (2007) that it is easier to classify instructional models when guided by the needs that call for them. If this is so, identifying appropriate instructional design models for various instructional situations can be greatly simplified. Gustafson and Branch (1997) note that each of the numerous instructional models targets one or more of three types of instructional situations: the Classroom, Product, and Systems situations. In evaluating the assertion, the chapter examines pertinent questions that look at some assumptions guiding the choice of instructional models, the three design situations identified, and some characteristics that separate the various design instances. In the end, it becomes obvious that the instructional design professional will do a better job of classifying instructional models based on a thorough understanding of instructional situations and guided by characteristics of the situation.
Online Learning and Metacognition
Authors: Torrisi-Steele Geraldine
Published: June 2019

Online learning experiences are becoming the norm for an increasing number of higher education students. Although there are clear advantages to online learning in terms of flexibility and access, many students struggle to succeed, especially in purely online learning environments. To a large extent student success in online learning environments is dependent on students' ability to self-regulate and ‘learn for themselves'- both abilities related to academic metacognition. Unfortunately, even at university, many students do not have well developed metacognition. It is therefore important to consider carefully metacognitive scaffolding in the design of online learning experiences. However, the models of instructional design commonly used in online learning tend not to place great emphasis on the importance of metacognitive scaffolding. The aim of the present chapter is therefore to increase awareness of metacognition, as one of the important considerations in the design of online learning environments that can help to maximize chances of student success. Towards this end, a framework of instructional design that is more sensitive to metacognition is developed.
Intercultural Teaching Competence in the Disciplines
Authors: Dimitrov Nanda , Haque Aisha
Published: June 2019

As universities continue to internationalize their curricula and recruit a growing number of international students, instructors facilitate learning in increasingly diverse classrooms. This chapter explores the application of Intercultural Teaching Competence (ITC) by faculty members across the disciplines at a large Canadian research university. Based on focus group interviews with instructors in eighteen disciplines, it provides varied and concrete examples of how instructors mobilize intercultural teaching competence to navigate diverse classrooms, promote perspective-taking and global learning goals among students, practice culturally relevant teaching, and validate different ways of knowing and communicating among students through assessment practices. Placing disciplines at the centre of the discussion in this way elucidates the extent to which ITC may be adapted to fit the contours of the academic field and allows readers to explore best practices for facilitating the development of intercultural competence among students in their disciplines. Finally, the implications of disciplinary differences in ITC are discussed for faculty development and curriculum support.
Improving the Quality of Online Learning Environments
Authors: Khan Komar Parveen
Published: June 2019

In spite of the numerous changes in technology in the past decades, designers continue to utilize traditional instructional design models as a foundation for designing teaching and learning materials, which may not be suited for the design and development of online learning environments. A study was conducted to investigate the characteristics of an online-specific design model called Proactive Design for Learning (PD4L) (Sims, 2012; Sims & Jones, 2003) and its ability to address limitations of traditional design models. The study was conducted to examine in what ways the PD4L model would contribute to enhance the quality of online learning. Based on this research, this chapter will be able to provide readers with ideas on the ways the elements of an online specific model can serve as design guidelines, a framework or “a set of guiding principles” (Sims, 2011) for designers and developers to create quality teaching and learning environments.
Technology Tools for Building Diverse, Equitable, and Inclusive Classrooms
Authors: Manzoor Amir
Published: June 2019

Educators everywhere recognize that today's classrooms are more culturally diverse than ever. These classrooms can enhance learning by giving all students equal opportunity to share their experiences, knowledge, perspectives and insights. However, this enhanced learning is possible only through a process that is supported by appropriate tools especially technology tools. This chapter explores the issue of learning in multicultural classrooms and various tools educators can use to open up their students' minds, understand each other privileges, and gain better understanding of other people, perspectives, and cultures. Specific recommendations to meet the challenges of multicultural learning using the technology tools are also provided.
Cultural Self-Study as a Tool for Critical Reflection and Learning
Authors: Pitre Natalie J. , Clarke Veronika Bohac
Published: June 2019

The purpose of this chapter is to introduce a research study based on the Cultural Self-Study method and to describe the application of this method with teachers. A specific example from the empirical study of Canadian expatriate teachers is used to illustrate how the tool and its application look in real life, and what data are generated by the use of this tool. The Integral Model is described as a useful framework for analysis of these types of data, and the analysis is illustrated using examples from this empirical study. Based on this experience with the use of Cultural Self-Study, the authors provide recommendations for the use of self-study in pre-service teacher training.
Exploring Intercultural Communication Through the Act of Translation in Subtitling
Authors: Luan Duo
Published: June 2019

This chapter explores how intercultural teaching and learning can take place through the practical act of translation in subtitling. The method discussed in this chapter uses audio-visual media in the teaching of Chinese as a foreign language (CFL) in higher education (HE). Translation in Subtitling is an undergraduate course offered to students with advanced Chinese competencies at the University of Wales Trinity Saint David in the United Kingdom. This applied language practice develops advanced skills in intercultural communicative competence (ICC) to students working on projects related to specific professional and cultural contexts. The audio-visual-driven course and its workshop style aim to provide a practical and fun intercultural learning experience, as well as to enhance employability by preparing students to work in a Chinese linguistic environment.
Intercultural Communication Between East and West
Authors: Yang Ping
Published: June 2019

This chapter examines verbal and non-verbal intercultural communication challenges faced by Australian students studying abroad in China. Using intercultural communication theories, the author analyses potential cultural shock and intercultural differences to help Australian students be aware of academic and social survival skills in their destination country. While there are many publications about international students' intercultural communication issues and intercultural adaptation difficulties within English-speaking countries, there are comparatively few works on Australian students' intercultural communication competence needed for living in China. This chapter looks at pedagogical implications of intercultural communication training for Australian students prior to their overseas studies and outbound mobility experience.
Inclusive Learning for the Rural Healthcare Professional
Authors: Kollmann Sherry , Bain Bernice
Published: June 2019

The focus of this chapter is on health care manager's need to develop equal learning opportunities in rural communities. Educational opportunities for healthcare professionals in the rural facilities often get overlooked and/or require more effort to obtain the same level of training as their urban counterparts (Buzza, Ono,Turvey, Whittrock, Noble, Reddy, Kaboli, & Schacht, 2011; Hartung, Hamer, Middleton, Haxby, & Fagnan, 2012). Education and self-directed learning (SDL) promotes emancipatory learning and social action (Lindeman, 1926; Merriam & Caffarella, 1999). It provides a way to minimize the gap in learning opportunities for those serving rural communities. Intentionally integrating socio-cognitive and critical pedagogy (Kincheloe, 2008) into their learning engagement can influence the necessary emotional, motivational, and cognitive engagement. The factors considered for this rural population---- include: diversity of staff (i.e., socioeconomic background, cultural differences, learning abilities, and lived experiences), available resources (i.e., computer equipment, speed of internet connection, funding, and staff resources), and the connectedness between the learner and the educator.
The Trouble With Cyberpragmatics
Authors: Orsini-Jones Marina Erica , Lloyd Elwyn , Cribb Michael , Lee Fiona , Bescond Gwenola , Ennagadi Amine , García Brenda Ivonne
Published: June 2019

This paper reports on MexCo (Mexico-Coventry), an ongoing online intercultural learning project underpinned by action research. Its aim is to embed internationalisation into the curriculum of the institutions involved in order to promote citizenship competences, online intercultural communicative competence in particular, among both students and staff. The integration of telecollaboration into the curriculum has highlighted problematic aspects of the development of intercultural communicative competence (ICC), such as cyberpragmatics (Yus, 2011). Cyberpragmatics is intended here as the skill of understanding others' intended meanings in computer-mediated communication. It is suggested that cyberpragmatics in online intercultural learning exchanges is a ‘Threshold Concept' (TC) (Meyer & Land, 2005, p. 375), i.e. a key concept that is troublesome to understand as it is challenging to the identity of the learner, but which could open new learning horizons to the students who do manage to grasp it.
Towards Realizing Twenty-First Century Skills
Authors: Torrisi-Steele Geraldine
Published: June 2019

Metacognitive capabilities are the core of the “soft skills” we have come to know as twenty-first century skills. However, there is good evidence, both empirical and anecdotal, that metacognitive capabilities are not well developed even in university graduates. Given the recognition of the necessity of such skills in enabling full participation of individuals in modern society, and in enabling humankind as a whole to continue to move forward in positive ways, the need to better nurture the development of metacognitive capabilities is pressing. The massification of education and the widening participation of people in higher education means that formal education can more greatly influence and shape people's learning capabilities. Given appropriate instructional design of experiences, education has thus great potential for setting people up to continue effective learning throughout their lifespan. Developing metacognition requires designing instructional experiences targeting not only discipline requirements but also deliberately scaffolding the development of metacognitive capabilities as an integral component of the discipline.
Multicultural Leadership in Higher Education
Authors: Bridgeforth James S.
Published: June 2019

Women and people of color are vastly underrepresented in the American professoriate; although the presence of female faculty and professors of color is beneficial to the academy on various levels, these groups often face numerous barriers and challenges while serving in the professoriate and striving for promotion and tenure. This study was designed to investigate demonstrated multicultural awareness and positive work environment with regard to race, gender, or a combination within academic departments to help academic leaders better develop and understand multicultural leadership. Data were collected from 650 tenured and tenure-track faculty through an online questionnaire. The data analysis revealed that males and females of color within the professoriate report a less positive work environment than Caucasian faculty.
An Analysis of Risk Transfer and Trust Nexus in International Trade With Reference to Turkish Data
Authors: Taşbaşı Aslı , Sarıca Pınar Yeşim , Yüksel Ahmet Hakan
Published: June 2019

International trade introduces a range of risks, which causes uncertainty over the timing of delivery and payment between exporters and importers. This chapter is a first attempt in dissecting Turkey's trade data in terms of risk allocation and trust between the parties involved. Breaking down Turkish export and import data for the years 2000 to 2018 according to methods of payment and use of currencies, the chapter first finds the risk is distributed unevenly between the exporter and the importer. Then findings are evaluated to open a new avenue of future research, constructed on the inquiry whether emerging economies like Turkey can establish trust in their trade with developed economies by using blockchain technology.
Outras Guerras Frias: os embates entre neoliberais e neoconservadores estadunidenses diante da Revolução Nicaraguense
Authors: Moll Neto Roberto
Published: June 2019

Em meio a Guerra Fria, a Revolução Sandinista abalou os interesses dos Estados Unidos na região da América Central e do Caribe. Durante o Governo Reagan, os Estados Unidos intensificaram as ações de intervenção na região a fim de derrubar o Governo Sandinista. Este artigo pretende demonstrar que, mesmo no campo ortodoxo da política estadunidense, o papel dos Estados Unidos em face da revolução na Nicarágua não estava pré definido exclusivamente em uma visão de mundo única e que, portanto, haviam propostas concorrentes, que, inclusive, compreendiam a realidade na região a partir de dinâmicas próprias, e não apenas em função da Guerra Fria.

Abstract

Other Cold Wars: the clashes between neoliberals and neoconservatives in the face of the Nicaraguan Revolution

In the midst of the Cold War, the Sandinista Revolution shook US objectives in the Central America and Caribbean. During the Reagan Administration, the United States stepped up intervention in the region to overthrow the Sandinista Government. This paper intends to demonstrate that even in the orthodox field of American politics, the role of the United States in the face of the revolution in Nicaragua was not exclusively defined in a single perceptions and that therefore there were competing proposals that even understood the reality in the region from its own dynamics, and not only because of the Cold War.

Resumen

Otras guerras frías: los embates entre neoliberales y neoconservadores estadunidenses ante la Revolución Nicaragüense

En medio de la Guerra Fría, la Revolución Sandinista sacudió los intereses de Estados Unidos en la región de América Central y del Caribe. Durante el Gobierno Reagan, Estados Unidos intensificó las acciones de intervención en la región a fin de derrocar al Gobierno Sandinista. Este artículo pretende demostrar que, incluso en el campo ortodoxo de la política estadounidense, el papel de los Estados Unidos frente a la revolución en Nicaragua no estaba pre definido exclusivamente en una visión de mundo única y que, por lo tanto, había propuestas concurrentes, que incluso comprendían la realidad en la región a partir de dinámicas propias, y no sólo en función de la Guerra Fría.
A construção de uma crise: usos da história por intelectuais argentinos na contestação aos tratados com o Chile nas décadas de 1960 e 1970
Authors: Passetti Gabriel
Published: June 2019

Em 1978, os governos militares ditatoriais da Argentina e do Chile estavam à beira da guerra por conta do controle sobre três ilhas a leste do canal Beagle. As insatisfações e controvérsias, de ambos os lados, remontavam a tratados quase centenários. O artigo analisa a produção intelectual e os usos da história nas duas décadas antecedentes à “Crise do Beagle”, demonstrando a construção dos pontos de discórdia: o “expansionismo chileno” e a arbitragem internacional e de que forma estes foram aceitos e disseminados entre civis e militares envoltos pelos pensamentos da Guerra Fria.

Abstract

The construction of a crisis: the uses of history by Argentinean intellectuals and the contest of treaties with Chile in the 1960s and 1970s

In 1978, the military dictatorships of Argentina and Chile were close to war. The tension was around the control of three islands east from the Beagle Channel. Insatisfactions and polemics, on both sides, remained to treaties signed one century ago. The paper analyses the intellectual production and the uses of history on the two decades before the “Beagle Crisis”. It presents the construction of the points of conflict: the “Chilean expansionism” and the international arbitrament. It also presents how it was acepted and circulated between civil and the military envolved in the Cold War logics.

Resumen

La construcción de una crisis: usos de la historia por intelectuales argentinos en la contestación a los tratados con Chile en las decadas de 1960 y 1970

En 1978, los gobiernos de las dictaduras militares de Argentina y Chile se preparaban para la guerra por el contról sobre tres islas a este del canal Beagle. Las insatisfaciones y controversias, de ambos los lados, volvian a tratrados casi centenários. El articulo analisa la producción intelectual y los usos de la história en las dos decadas anteriores a la “Crisis del Beagle”, demonstrando la constucción de los puntos de discórdia: el “expansionismo chileno” y la arbitraje internacional y de que forma estos fueron aceptos y disseminados entre civiles y militares que vivian en los pensamientos de la Guerra Fria.
A natureza da classificação dos seres vivos na Grécia antiga
Authors: Klepka Verônica , Corazza Maria Julia
Published: June 2019

Na História da Biologia, as classificações efetuadas por Platão e Aristóteles aos seres vivos são consideradas marcos metodológicos. Objetivando compreender em que medida essas classificações poderiam ser consideradas métodos construídos pelos filósofos gregos para o estudo dos seres vivos, conforme lhes denomina historicamente a literatura biológica, foram consultadas as obras platônicas, Timeu e O Político, e as aristotélicas, Partes dos Animais e História dos Animais. Buscou-se demarcar nestas obras como e para que empregaram a classificação no que diz respeito aos seres vivos. Ao final, trazemos argumentos para explicar porque as classificações gregas não devem ser consideradas métodos na Biologia.
Projeções da Revolução Mexicana na América Latina no pós 1917: o caso brasileiro
Authors: Dias Natally Vieira
Published: June 2019

Este artigo analisa a projeção continental do México revolucionário no pós 1917 a partir do caso brasileiro. Após a eclosão da Revolução Russa, o modelo bolchevique passou a rivalizar indiretamente com o protagonismo que o México revolucionário pretendia exercer no cenário latino-americano. Assim, a ideia de um “autoctonismo continental” passou a ser enfatizada na propaganda mexicana como elemento que faria da Revolução Mexicana um modelo mais apropriado de transformação social para os países latino-americanos. Discutimos neste artigo os aspectos tomados pela propaganda mexicana e algumas apropriações da experiência revolucionária do México por parte dos brasileiros, com destaque para o caso dos socialistas.
Tres visiones de la revolución mexicana desde la historiografía brasileña
Authors: Mantecón Álvaro Vázquez
Published: June 2019

En los años recientes se han realizado nuevos estudios sobre las relaciones políticas y culturales entre México y Brasil en el siglo XX. De ello dan buena cuenta los tres textos que conforman esta sección, que muestran cómo se está abordando desde la academia contemporánea la proyección de la imagen del México postrevolucionario en Brasil.
“Conflito” e “humanidade”: as antropologias históricas de Reinhart Koselleck e Jörn Rüsen
Authors: Oliveira Gustavo Castanheira Borges de
Published: June 2019

O foco deste artigo é analisar as antropologias históricas dos historiadores Reinhart Koselleck e Jörn Rüsen, com o objetivo de pontuar as similaridades e as diferenças entre elas. Para tal, partimos do significado que Koselleck atribui à teoria da história, entendida por ele como teoria das “condições de possibilidade da história”, tendo como objeto de estudo aquilo que é comum a toda experiência histórica, que a estrutura e a torna possível. Assim, Koselleck trabalhou a partir de pares de categorias antropológicas, ou universais, tais como ter de morrer/poder matar e interno/externo. Rüsen também fez algumas análises a partir do uso de pares antropológicos. A partir da análise e comparação das teorias destes dois historiadores chegamos à tese de que Koselleck constrói uma antropologia histórica baseada no “conflito”, enquanto a de Rüsen é calcada na noção de “humanidade”, sendo esta uma grande diferença epistemológica entre os autores.
Paisagem, sociedade e vida cultural: a fronteira goiana no período colonial
Authors: Silva Sandro Dutra e
Published: June 2019

Resenha:

KARASCH, Mary C. Before Brasília: frontier life in Central Brazil. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 2016
Considerações sobre a construção da história escrita, ensinada e divulgada através da matriz disciplinar de Jörn Rüsen
Authors: Ramos Márcia Teté
Published: June 2019

Pretende-se discutir a produção da história especializada, da história midiatizada e da história ensinada na interlocução com a matriz disciplinar de Jörn Rüsen. Defende-se que deve haver a fundamentação científica também na construção do conhecimento histórico escolar, para que o senso comum se torne senso crítico. Contrapõe-se aos revisionismos que negam, silenciam, deturpam a história considerada “sobrecarregada” em relação aos indígenas, ao escravismo e à Ditadura Civil-Militar brasileira. Toma como exemplo de história midiática/pública os Guias Politicamente Incorretos, principalmente da História do Brasil, escrito por Leandro Narloch (2011). Conclui que apenas a história construída com base científica pode refletir sobre o presente vivido para interpretar o passado com vistas ao futuro transformado no sentido de afirmar uma sociedade democrática.
Predictive Study of Combustion Temperature of Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) on the Spherical Packed-Bed Porous Burner
Authors: Peamsuwan Rapeepong , Klamnoi Anucha , Yotha Narongsak , Krittacom Bundit
Published: June 2019

The relation between the significant factors and the combustion temperature (T) of Liquid Petroleum Gas (LPG) on the spherical packed-bed porous burner is investigated. Alumina-Cordierite ceramic balls having the average diameter (d) of 3 mm. and the porosity (ε) of 0.322 are employed as porous media. The multiple-linear and multiple-quadratic regressions are used to analyze the data at the equivalence ratio (F) of 0.58 – 0.66 and volumetric premixed-gas flow rate (Vmix) in a range of 10 – 25 m3/h. The porous thickness (H) is in the range of 2.5 – 7.5 cm. Thus, independent variables are F, Vmix and H. The dependent variable is the maximum temperature (T) of combustion LPG on the porous burner. For statistical analysis, both main and interaction of independent variables effecting to the combustion temperature are investigated. The results showed that, for the case of multiple-linear regression, an equations recommended in prediction of the T on porous burner is T = 1375.603(F) +179.636(H) – 295.028(FH) – 9.628(HVmix) + 16.368(FVmixH) with a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.998 and the standard error of the estimation of 42.7365. In the case of multiple- quadratic regression, a proper equation used in predicting T on porous burner is T = 2133.184(F)2 + 1.247(Vmix)2 + 17.248(H)2 – 2.916(FVmix )2 – 42.107(FH)2 – 0.049(VmixH)2 + 0.123(FVmixH)2 with R2 of 0.997 and standard error of the estimation of 44.2979. In addition, the comparison between the experimental results and the predicted estimation is reported that different percentage of both regressions and experimental results is satisfied.