bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
L’histoire complexe du lupus : d’une maladie de la peau à une maladie auto-immune
Authors: Coito Sylvie
Published: February 2025

Le lupus, décrit dès les temps anciens, a longtemps été confondu avec d’autres maladies cutanées jusqu’à ce que deux médecins anglais, Robert Willan et Thomas Bateman, commencent à individualiser le lupus parmi les autres maladies dermatologiques. L’école française, avec notamment Alphée Cazenave, affina la description et nomma « lupus érythémateux » les lésions observées. Moriz (Kohn) Kaposi, médecin hongrois, fut le premier à suspecter une forme disséminée du lupus. D’abord maladie uniquement cutanée, le lupus fut progressivement défini comme une maladie systémique au début du XX e siècle avec la description de complications cardiaques par Emanuel Libman et Benjamin Sacks, et rénales par James Sequeira et Hermann Balean. Le diagnostic biologique débuta lorsqu’on s’aperçut que le test de Wasserman était positif dans les cas de lupus avant que Malcolm Hargraves ne décrive la cellule L.E., cellule phagocytant des noyaux. La compréhension que ce phénomène était lié à la présence d’un facteur sérique permit d’affiner le diagnostic en recherchant des anticorps antinucléaires notamment par immunofluorescence, technique toujours d’actualité.
Lupus érythémateux systémique
Authors: Zahr N. , Noé G.
Published: February 2025

Le lupus érythémateux systémique est une maladie auto-immune, inflammatoire, rare et chronique, qui affecte le plus souvent les femmes. Son évolution est imprévisible et la gravité des symptômes est très diverse. La présence des anticorps antinucléaires est quasi-constante au cours de la maladie, mais elle ne permet pas toujours son diagnostic. L’évaluation de l’activité de la maladie lupique est mesurée par les scores de SLEDAI et/ou de BILAG. Le traitement médicamenteux du lupus comprend un traitement de fond et celui des poussées.
The Power of Choice: Fostering Engagement and Competence in Nursing Students
Authors: Davis Erica , Wands LisaMarie
Published: February 2025

Background

Self-determination theory (SDT) notes that internal drive for success promotes achievement of goals. Self-regulated learning (SRL) approaches may be an effective strategy for student success. With nursing education's emphasis on competency, it is important for students to be directly involved in learning choices.

Method

An SRL-inspired points-based grading approach was implemented in a clinical review course. A postcourse survey included items from autonomy and competence subscales of the Basic Psychological Need Satisfaction and Frustration Scale grounded in SDT.

Results

Seventy-seven students enrolled in the course completed a mean of 2.3 to 3.1 weekly assignments, earning an average of 102 to 112 points. Student attendance ranged from 51% to 95%. Mean class score on a standardized licensure-readiness assessment was 4 points higher than the previous class. Postcourse survey results included satisfaction with autonomy, competence, and agreement that the class format supported their learning.

Conclusion

SRL approaches can assist faculty who are looking to enhance student engagement.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2025;64(X):XXX–XXX.]
Integrating a Competency-Based Curriculum Through the Modernization of Teaching Strategies
Authors: Maffucci Jennifer L. , Kent Denise , Vanderzwan Kathryn J.
Published: February 2025

Background

Historically, lecture-based classrooms have been the pedagogy of choice for higher education. Nursing education has the opportunity to pivot from the use of lecture-only pedagogy to active learning platforms with the integration of competency-based education (CBE) while considering the learning needs of master's entry students.

Method

This scaffolded education innovation (SEI) used pre-class, in-class, and post-class activities grounded in CBE with spaced repetition techniques in an adult and geriatric nursing course.

Results

Students reported that active learning activities helped them learn and apply content and that having a variety of learning methods was useful for understanding the material.

Conclusion

Faculty can benefit from sharing experiences after leveraging modernized teaching strategies to build best practices for teaching today's nursing students.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2025;64(X):XXX–XXX.]
Rethinking Ethnic Identity in the Archaeology of the Ancient Slavs
Authors: Štular Benjamin
Published: February 2025

The archaeology of the ancient Slavs has advanced methodologically but remains divided between scholars who deny the Slavs’ migrations, and those linking material culture directly to ethnic identities. This paper seeks to bridge this divide by reassessing the theoretical framework for studying the ancient Slavs. It critiques the historical development of research on ethnic identity in archaeology, highlighting limitations in both primordialist and instrumentalist models. Instead, we propose redefining archaeological culture as a polythetic commonality of practice rooted in learned social behaviours. This framework permits identifying ethnic identities in the archaeological record without relying on texts. Applying this approach to the Prague-culture-assemblage archaeological culture, we demonstrate shared practices in language, housing, dress, sustenance, social relations, and genetic relatedness. Our findings confirm that the ancient Slavs existed as both an archaeological culture and a distinct identity group with strong collective self-awareness.
Srednja vas v Bohinju – Palaeoenvironmental Record of Human Influence on the Lowlands of the Julian Alps
Authors: Caf Nina
Published: February 2025

In recent decades, archaeological and palynological research in the Bohinj basin has mainly focused on the highlands, while research in the valley is much older and often insufficient. In order to obtain new information about the local human impact on the environment, a palynological analysis was carried out in a marsh-like environment near Srednja vas v Bohinju. The main aim of the investigation was to obtain more information about the former vegetation, economy and use of the environment.The palynological results show an early human impact on the environment (since the Eneolithic, ca. 4700 cal. BP). In the Iron Age/Roman period, the local spruce forest was replaced by pastures, which is consistent with the archaeological sites nearby. Throughout the Middle Ages, a decline in tree taxa can be observed, which could be due to continuous pastoralism and an increasing demand for iron. In the Modern Period, the landscape remained open with continuous grazing/arable farming and indirectly due to metallurgy.
Internet et ses espaces : vers une économie politique de la production urbaine par les centres de données
Authors: Pronovost Émile , Frotey Julia , Mouton Morgan
Published: February 2025

Dès l’apparition d’Internet, la recherche en études urbaines et en géographie a examiné les infrastructures qui soutiennent son développement : câbles sous-marins, antennes, fibre optique et centres de données. L’analyse de la dimension matérielle des infrastructures a été riche et féconde et renseignait sur l’impact des technologies de l’information sur la production urbaine. Aujourd’hui, l’ampleur des usages d’Internet et la massification dans la production, la collecte, le traitement et le stockage des données numériques invite à une relecture et un renouvellement de cette première vague d’études. L’essor des centres de données de grande taille (dits hyperscale) a aussi induit, ces dernières années, une multiplication des publications venant interroger leur rapport au territoire, aux ressources naturelles ainsi qu’aux communautés locales. Cet article propose une revue des écrits en sciences sociales portant sur la dimension matérielle des centres de données et leur rôle dans la fabrique urbaine à l’heure du capitalisme numérique.
Une expérience personnelle des séismes : Étude des commentaires sur les réseaux socionumériques autour de la géothermie en Alsace
Authors: Arnaud Jérôme , Chavot Philippe , Serrano Yeny , Masseran Anne
Published: February 2025

La lutte contre le changement climatique entraîne la diversification des sources d’énergie à travers le monde. Parmi elles, la géothermie semble prendre une place de plus en plus importante. Depuis 2014, une controverse existe en Alsace à la suite de l’implantation de plusieurs projets géothermiques de grande profondeur. Plusieurs arènes ont été mises en place par les pouvoirs publics afin de faire comprendre ces projets à la population. À côté de ces lieux de consultation, un nouveau type d’arène émerge au cours de la controverse, nourrissant l’imaginaire de la liberté d’expression directe sans médiation : les réseaux socionumériques. L’objectif de cet article est de comprendre comment ces nouvelles arènes permettent le partage de l’information par la population dans le cas local de la géothermie en Alsace. Nous explorons l’hypothèse qui voudrait que les règles d’utilisation et d’interaction propre de ces réseaux socionumériques aient fait émerger un nouveau discours autour de cette controverse. Notre travail base son approche sur le suivi de l’activité des utilisateurs en lien avec cette controverse environnementale. Une analyse des commentaires laissés par les utilisateurs sera réalisée afin de faire ressortir les arguments mis en avant par ces derniers.
Uruguayan Higher Education in Long-Term Perspective
Authors: D´Avenia Lucas , Markarian Vania
Published: February 2025

This article surveys the current state of higher education in Uruguay, examining factors such as the country’s scale and political arrangements to explain the system’s configuration and the challenges it faces in making improvements. Our goal is to understand a system that has developed not through a systematic overhaul of its structures but by aggregating various components and partial reforms over several decades. To achieve this, we focus mainly on the period beginning in 1985, when the country returned to democracy after the civil-military dictatorship. We also consider the historical context of the national university’s foundation in the 1840s.
Impact of Knowledge Management on Human Resource Performance
Authors: El Hammoumi Ahmed , Adil El-Ouali
Published: February 2025

This study aims to identify the role of knowledge management in improving human resources performance within the company Maroc Telecom, based on an analytical approach using a questionnaire as a data collection tool. The study produced significant results, notably confirming a statistically significant relationship between knowledge management and human performance within Maroc Telecom. It highlights the important role that knowledge management plays through its processes (knowledge diagnosis, generation, storage, dissemination, and application) in enhancing the company's organizational performance by raising the performance level of its employees.
Improve Financial Performance of Vietnamese Manufacturers by Combining the Characteristics of Top Manager, Strategy, and Management Accounting System
Authors: Liem Vo Tan
Published: February 2025

Management accounting system has positive support in providing information for decision-makers. Based on Upper Echelons Theory, this study examines the impact of top managers's characteristics (age, education background, managerial risk-taking propensity) on the choice of prospector strategy, using management accounting system information and financial performance. The use of Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) to test hypotheses. The analysis based on a sample of 218 medium and large manufacturing enterprises in Vietnam showed that all hypotheses are statistically significant, except for the influence of top managers ‘s age and the managerial risk-taking propensity on financial performance. This study applied upper echelons theory in management accounting field, it presented the significance in the compatibility between the characteristics of top managers, strategies and using management accounting system information will improve the financial performance of the organizations.
Leadership Strategies for Managing Change and Fostering Innovation Over Private Higher Education
Authors: Awashreh Raed
Published: February 2025

This study examines the essential role of effective leadership in managing change and fostering innovation within organizations. It highlights how leadership can drive employee engagement, empower teams, and promote a culture of creativity while considering the needs of current and future generations. It investigates strategies for integrating digital technologies, enhancing sustainability, and addressing globalization and cross-cultural challenges. By emphasizing ethical practices and social responsibility, it underscores the significant impact of leadership on society and the education sector. It advocates for further exploration to provide actionable insights that improve leadership effectiveness. It envisions transforming universities into platforms for talent development with a focus on graduate quality and the promotion of governance and accountability. Ultimately, this work aims to equip leaders with the tools to navigate evolving challenges, achieve organizational success, and contribute positively to societal well-being, serving as a valuable resource for scholars and practitioners.
Organizational Sustainability Reporting and Corporate Citizenship
Authors: Vargas-Hernandez José G. , Vargas-Hernandez Francisco José , Vargas-Gonzàlez Omar C.
Published: February 2025

This study aims to analyze some of the issues of organizational sustainability reporting and its interrelations with corporate citizenship. It departs from the assumption that appropriate research for organizational sustainability reporting contributes to the management governance leading to face the challenges of sustainability collaboration, innovation and sense making required by the development of a corporate citizenship. The method employed is the meta-analytic and meta-cognitive, reflective and descriptive based on the literature review of the issues on sustainability management governance. It is concluded that the issues of organizational sustainability reporting enhance the corporate citizenship of firms.
AI Innovations for Wildlife Preservation
Authors: Jain Nirdesh , Narayanan Shreya
Published: February 2025

This chapter, “AI Advancements for Natural life Conservation. An Initial Direct,” investigates the transformative affect of manufactured insights (AI) and machine learning (ML) on natural life preservation. It gives a comprehensive diagram of how AI advances are utilized to address basic challenges in preservation, counting species checking, living space mapping, and poaching avoidance. The chapter highlights key advancements and strategies, exhibiting effective case ponders that illustrate the viability of AI in improving preservation endeavors. It too addresses the moral contemplations and challenges related with AI sending in this field, advertising experiences into future patterns and potential headways. This direct serves as an basic asset for traditionalists, analysts, and policymakers fascinated by leveraging AI to ensure and protect biodiversity.
Robust Reinforcement Learning Control for Vision-Based Ship Landing of VTOL-UAVs
Authors: Saj Vishnu , Lee Bochan , Kalathil Dileep , Benedict Moble
Published: February 2025

This paper addresses the problem of developing a control algorithm for autonomous ship landing of vertical take-off and landing capable unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), using only a monocular camera on the UAV for tracking and localization. Ship landing is challenging due to the small landing space, six degrees of freedom (6-DOF) ship deck motion, limited visual references for localization, and adversarial environmental conditions such as wind gusts. Our approach is motivated by the actual ship landing procedure followed by the Navy helicopter pilots, where they track a known visual cue, the horizon reference bar that is present on most Navy ships. We first develop a computer vision algorithm that estimates the relative position of the UAV with respect to the horizon reference bar on the landing platform using the image stream from a monocular vision camera on the UAV. We then develop a robust reinforcement learning (RL) algorithm for autonomously controlling and navigating the UAV towards the landing platform even in adversarial environmental conditions such as wind gusts. We demonstrate the superior performance and adaptability of our RL algorithm compared to a benchmark nonlinear proportional-integral-derivative control approach via simulations using the Gazebo environment and real-world experiments using a Parrot ANAFI quad-rotor and subscale ship platform undergoing 6-DOF deck motion. The video of the real-world experiments and demonstrations is available in url: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4SiSVvzDrjg.
Hikikomori, a risk factor for life-threatening malnutrition: a case report of an emergency within the vulnerability
Authors: Artusi Nicola , Russo Emanuele , Valeri Gianmaria , Tecchiolli Marzia , Cominotto Franco
Published: February 2025

Background:  the  Japanese  term  hikikomori  represent  a  condition  of  self-isolation,  predominantly  seen  in  male  adolescents  and  young  adults  [1].  Hikikomori  is  associated  with  malnutrition[1],  mood  disorders,  self-neglect,  and  reduced  access  to  healthcare.  Although  initially  observed  and  described  in  Japan,  this  psychiatric  condition  has  become  a  global  phenomenon  in  recent  years,  with  an  important  burden  on patients  and  their  families.  Hikikomori  syndrome  can  be  especially  dangerous  when  compounded  by  psychiatric  comorbidities  or  socioeconomic  vulnerabilities,  [2],  as  evidenced  by  an  alarming  increase  during  the  COVID-19  pandemic.
Case  report:    We present the case of a young man admitted to the emergency department with life-threatening malnutrition and anemia after prolonged self-isolation following  cyberbullying  episodes. The patient was found in critical condition, suffering from shock and multiorgan failure. After initial emergency interventions, and post-stabilization,  he was transferred to psychiatric care. 
Why  should  an  emergency  physician  be  aware  of  this?  Emergency  physicians  should  start  considering  hikikomori  as  a  risk  factor  in  the  assessment  of  malnutrition  and  anaemia,  above  all  in  young  adults.  In  addition,  we  want  to  highlight  how  much  the  COVID-19  pandemic  exacerbated  the  critical  issues  of  local  medicine,  exposing  the  most  vulnerable  to  greater  risk.  The  Emergency  Department  necessitates  a  more  integrated  approach  with  social  and  out-of-hospital  health services  for  intercepting  and  addressing  the  needs  of  vulnerable  individuals.
Favourable outcome of Fusarium prosthetic valve endocarditis in a patient with an Ebstein anomaly
Authors: Lee-Jones Scott G. , Van der Westhuizen Stefan , Taljaard Johannes , Govender Nelesh P. , Razack Rubina
Published: February 2025

Fungal endocarditis is rare, challenging to diagnose and treat and associated with high mortality. We describe a case of Fusarium solani endocarditis in a patient with Ebstein’s anomaly with a favourable outcome.Contribution: We emphasise that surgical intervention with source control of the infective vegetation is still the mainstay of treatment and highlight the importance of submitting infected source material for histology, culture and molecular testing to identify the causative organism.
Mental health and substance use among rehabilitation sciences students during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Ntatamala Itumeleng , Khan Saajida , Chakara Zenzo
Published: February 2025

Background: An increase in mental health problems have been documented in health sciences students globally during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.Aim: This study aimed to determine the prevalence and correlates of mental health problems and substance use among health and rehabilitation sciences (HRS) students during the pandemic.Setting: The study was conducted at the University of Cape Town, Health Sciences Faculty.Methods: A cross-sectional study of 113 voluntary undergraduate participants was conducted. Participants completed self-administered electronic questionnaires. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to explore the sociodemographic and COVID-19-related determinants of mental health diagnoses.Results: Substance use was common, including alcohol (54.05%), cigarettes and/or tobacco (17.27%), and illicit drugs (5.56%). Below a quarter (23.85%) self-reported a mental health condition in their lifetime and 14.81% in the past 12 months. Diagnoses included major depressive disorders (13.27%) and anxiety disorders (11.50%). A mental health diagnosis in the past 12 months was significantly associated with alcohol use (AOR [adjusted odds ratio] = 4.02, 1.06–15.23), prescription medication used to manage academic/social stress (AOR = 5.74, 1.68–19.69), COVID-19 diagnosis (AOR = 5.51, 1.60–18.92) and physiotherapy programme (AOR = 12.35, 1.21–126.44). Barriers to accessing mental health support included academic commitments (61.90%) and the lack of time to attend student wellness services (36.19%).Conclusion: The self-reported prevalence of mental health problems and substance use among HRS students was high during the pandemic.Contribution: Institutional and public health measures should address modifiable risk factors and barriers to accessing mental health support amongst students.
Posterior scleritis in an 18-year-old female with primary familial brain calcification syndrome, an incidental finding or an association?
Authors: Khalil Hala A. , Helaiwa Khaled
Published: February 2025

Primary familial brain calcification (PFBC) is an idiopathic neurological disease associated with intracranial calcification. An 18-year-old female, a known case of uncontrolled Type 1 diabetes mellitus, presented with unilateral progressive diminution of vision in her left eye. Based on her clinical examination, a diagnosis of left eye posterior scleritis was made. Computed tomography of the brain revealed bilateral caudate and lentiform nuclei patchy calcifications suggestive of Fahr’s syndrome or PFBC. In our patient, age and posterior scleritis were two uncommon presentations to be associated with PFBC.
Improvements in Brain Tumor Segmentation Methods Based on Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Li Yuzhuo , Zhang Lihong , Liang Yingbo , Xu Chongxin , Liu Tong
Published: February 2025

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have emerged as a prominent research area in deep learning in recent years. U-Net, an essential model within CNNs, has gradually become a research focus in the field of medical image segmentation due to its remarkable segmentation performance. This paper presents a comprehensive overview of brain tumor segmentation methods based on CNNs. Firstly, it introduces common medical image datasets in the field of brain tumor segmentation. Secondly, it offers detailed reviews on the common improvements to 2D U-Net, 3D U-Net, and improvements based on other CNNs for brain tumor segmentation. Finally, it discusses the future development directions of CNNs for brain tumor segmentation.
A Review of Deep Learning Methods for Brain Tumor Detection
Authors: Wen Shuaichao
Published: February 2025

A brain tumor is a serious neurological condition caused by the growth of abnormal cells in various regions of the brain, leading to a variety of health issues. Although the specific causes of brain tumors are not yet fully understood, known risk factors include genetic predisposition, ionizing radiation, viral infections, and exposure to certain chemicals. With the advancement of deep learning technology, computer-aided diagnosis systems can offer crucial support for the early diagnosis of brain tumors. Brain tumor image classification using deep learning has emerged as a prominent area of research. This article begins by summarizing the publicly available datasets frequently utilized in brain tumor classification tasks. It then provides an overview of the models commonly applied for diagnosing brain tumors. Following this, the paper reviews the advancements made in the field of brain tumor classification research to date. Finally, it highlights the future trends and challenges in brain tumor classification.
Context-Aware Recommendation System Using Matrix Factorization
Authors: Aldramley Masarra , Alahamdi Dimah
Published: February 2025

Abstract—In a commercial field, millions of new items would be added to the daily sales field. Suggesting proposed items to users for purchasing process is a critical point. Finding the best suggestions based on the user needs and behavior increase the sales productivity. Incorporating context information in recommendations process have been accompanied by many domains and applications. Different methods and strategies have been used to find recommendations. While time is an important factor for continuously updates and changes in the user preferences, incorporating it has been proved its effectiveness to enhance recommending performance. Time-aware recommender systems (TARS) has been used in a wide range of recommendation modeling. In this proposed paper, we focus to deal with three different context-aware algorithms. First, traditional matrix-factorization using explicit ratings. Second, enhanced version after dealing with time-target as basic factors for getting the results. Last, depend on the previous version, we enhance it by shrinking weights using the mathematical decay-function algorithm to improve prediction accuracy. we build our solutions and implement them using a real dataset of commercial website as our empirical case study. From our analysis and experiment, we finally evaluate the proposed model using different metrics on measuring relative performance of enhanced TARS over traditional MF.
A Survey on the Integration of 6G, IoE, and Quantum Computing Technologies
Authors: Alshaflut Ahmed
Published: February 2025

This survey paper comprehensively examines the emerging integration of three pivotal technologies: 6G (Sixth-generation wireless systems), IoE (Internet of Everything), and Quantum computing. The combination of these cutting-edge technologies will be seen leading in the computer-based communications era. The paper starts by providing the underlying reasons for such an integration, which are driven by high demands for higher data speeds, connectivity, and massive computation powers. The main part of this paper deals with examining the personal traits of every kind and contemporary trends in this field. 6G is expected to be way ahead of 5G when it comes to throughput, with applications such as holographic communications and virtual reality to span internationally. IoE is an extension of the concept known as the Internet of Things (IoT), forming a broader inter-network where people, processes, data, and smart things are connected to turn raw data into useful, relevant information that can be acted upon. The emerging data technology of Quantum Computing offers an entirely different paradigm in terms of speedy and complicated computation and solving problems. This further leads to an exploration of the possible advantages and usefulness of combining these technologies. It is expected that this integration will give a big push towards the improvement of communication, information analysis, and computation power across sectors such as health, smart city and cyberspace. The paper also discusses some problems arising from such integration, like complexities on the technical end, security issues and major infrastructure needs. This paper provides basic knowledge for researchers, practitioners, and policymakers interested in technological integration by providing ideas on how 6G, IoE, and Quantum Computing can play major roles in defining future technology frameworks.
Cytokine Production in Response to Soluble Leishmania Aethiopica Antigen by Whole Blood Cells from Patients with Different Clinical Presentations of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis
Authors: Gashaw Bizuayehu , Yizengaw Endalew , Cruz Cervera Edward , Nibret Endalkachew , Tamiru Dessalegn , Müller Ingrid , Cotton James A. , Takele Yegnasew , Kropf Pascale
Published: February 2025

Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), a parasitic disease caused by Leishmania aethiopica, is a major health problem in Ethiopia. It presents mostly as three different clinical forms: localized CL characterized by small lesions that ulcerate; diffuse CL defined by multiple nonulcerating nodules; and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis, where the mucosa of the nose or the mouth is affected. The mechanisms resulting in the development of these different clinical presentation are still poorly understood. Here, we recruited a cohort of CL patients presenting with different forms of CL in northwest Ethiopia as well as cohort of healthy nonendemic controls. We assessed the capacity of whole blood cells from these cohorts to produce cytokines in response to soluble L. aethiopica antigen and compared these levels between the different clinical presentations of CL and healthy nonendemic controls. Our results show that the levels of antigen-specific cytokines produced by whole blood cells from CL patients were higher as compared with controls. However, these cytokine levels were similar among the different clinical presentations. In conclusion, the results of our study indicate that variations in clinical manifestations of CL are not associated with differences in antigen-specific cytokine profiles.
Lateral-Flow Antibody Detection Device for the Diagnosis of Human Fascioliasis Using Simulated Whole-Blood Samples
Authors: Boonroumkaew Patcharaporn , Sadaow Lakkhana , Kanchanangkul Nongnapas , Rodpai Rutchanee , Sanpool Oranuch , Yamasaki Hiroshi , Intapan Pewpan M. , Maleewong Wanchai
Published: February 2025

Fascioliasis, which is caused by Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica (F. gigantica), is a public health problem worldwide. Stages infective to humans occur on aquatic plants and in water. The gold standard for diagnosing human infection depends on finding fluke eggs in stool samples. However, this method has low diagnostic sensitivity; eggs from other trematode species might be misidentified as those of Fasciola, and eggs are not voided in ectopic infections. Therefore, serological analysis can support the diagnosis of human fascioliasis. We evaluated whether a new fascioliasis immunochromatographic test kit, which detects specific IgG antibodies using F. gigantica excretory–secretory antigen, can be used for rapid diagnosis from whole blood. The kit (“the fascioliasis whole-blood test kit”) was evaluated under laboratory conditions using 250 whole-blood samples (WBSs), of which 41 were from fascioliasis cases. Results based on simulated WBSs and the corresponding serum samples were compared and showed almost perfect agreement (percent agreement = 97.2%; kappa value = 0.9145). The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of the test using simulated WBSs were 97.6% and 96.2%, respectively. Comparable values when serum samples were tested were 100.0% and 93.3%, respectively. This kit represents a significant advance because it does not require extensive training of personnel, is easy to use, and can support diagnosis at the bedside or in local and remote hospitals with limited facilities. The kit may also contribute significantly to epidemiological surveys.
Sorting inversion sequences
Authors: Mansour Toufik , Skogman Howard , Smith Rebecca
Published: February 2025

We consider the avoidance of patterns in inversion sequences that relate sorting via sorting machines including data structures such as pop stacks and stacks. Such machines have been studied under a variety of additional constraints and generalizations, some of which we apply here. We give the classification of several classes of sortable inversion sequences in terms of pattern avoidance. We are able to provide an exact enumeration of some of the sortable classes in question using both classical approaches and a more recent strategy utilizing generating trees.

Comment: 22 pages. To appear in Discrete Mathematics & Theoretical Computer Science, vol. 27:1, Permutation Patterns 2024
Performance Evaluation of Hepatitis Disease Prediction in Early Stage Using Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Nayeem Md.Julker , Akter Mim Sumaiya , Rana Sohel , Islam Md. Rabiul
Published: February 2025

The application of classification approaches utilizing multi-variable with machine learning methods holds immense implications, particularly in the realm of healthcare and disease prediction. Accurate classification of medical conditions, such as hepatitis, is critical for early diagnosis and timely intervention. In order to identify people based on important hepatitis-related characteristics, this study applies advanced machine learning with statistical techniques. It also examines a real dataset in order to create a reliable early detection predictive model. Through this model, we aspire to raise awareness and guide affected individuals toward timely treatment. The paper focuses on comprehensive data preprocessing, including outlier removal, handling class imbalance problem, missing values and extract highly correlated features in order to improve model performance. In our research paper, we have applied mean/mode imputation technique to deal with missing values. Furthermore, we have used z score approach to detect and remove outliers from out dataset and handle class imbalance problem by using oversampling technique. To identify features that are highly correlated, we have used the embedded feature selection approach in our paper. Classic machine learning algorithms, notably K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Naive Bayes (NB) and Random Forest (RF) have employed to predict either a person is affected by hepatitis disease or not. To assess the efficacy of our model, we have utilized the 10-fold cross validation procedure. At 97.44%, we have the highest classification accuracy from RF, with Precession, Recall, F1 score and ROC values of, respectively, 0.99, 0.96, 0.97 and 1.00.
Clinical Guidelines and Best Practices for Neuromuscular Blockade Monitoring: Ensuring Patient Safety and Optimal Outcomes
Authors: Yadav Ravi
Published: February 2025

Background: The reliability of neuromuscular monitoring is essential in optimizing anesthesia outcomes. Quantitative Train-of-Four (TOF) monitoring has emerged as a tool for ensuring precise neuromuscular blockade management. Objectives: This study aims to compare the efficacy and safety of neuromuscular blockade reversal guided by quantitative TOF monitoring with reversal conducted without such monitoring. Methods: A literature-based analysis was conducted, evaluating existing data and trends regarding the use of quantitative TOF monitoring in clinical practice. Performance metrics, such as precision in blockade reversal, efficiency, and associated outcomes, were assessed to highlight the advantages and limitations of each approach. Results: Findings demonstrated that quantitative TOF monitoring facilitates a more consistent and reliable reversal of neuromuscular blockade. It reduces the risk of residual paralysis and enhances patient safety. In contrast, practices without TOF monitoring showed variability in outcomes, reflecting potential gaps in blockade management. Conclusions: Incorporating quantitative TOF monitoring into anesthesia practices improves the accuracy of neuromuscular blockade reversal, emphasizing its importance in modern anesthetic care. The study underscores the need for broader adoption of such technologies to standardize outcomes and enhance procedural safety.
The role of stress granules in heavy metal-induced carcinogenesis
Authors: Aromokeye Rukayat , Carver Megan , Zhu Haining , Wang Lei
Published: February 2025

In our recent published study entitled “Stress granules play a critical role in hexavalent chromium-induced malignancy in a G3BP1-dependent manner”, we explored how hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] exposure induces stress granule (SG) formation in human bronchial epithelial cells and how SGs contribute to the malignancy. We found that the loss of the SG core protein Ras-GAP SH3 domain-binding protein 1 (G3BP1) reduced SG formation and malignant properties. The results support that SGs play a critical role
in mediating Cr(VI)-induced malignancy in a G3BP1-dependent manner, representing a novel mechanism and a potential therapeutic target. In this commentary, we introduce more in-depth background, summarize key findings of the published work, present additional data addressing a related question, and discuss emerging questions and future research directions.
Reparación integral dentro de las sentencias dictadas en garantías jurisdiccionales: Parámetros convencionales y constitucionales
Authors: Oñate Arias Luis Carlos , Parra Vicuña Raúl Mauricio
Published: February 2025

La legislación ecuatoriana contempla el efectivo goce de los derechos fundamentales y constitucionales mismos que asisten a todas las personas, sin embargo, en la realidad procesal se encuentra con varios obstáculos al momento de exigir el pleno cumplimiento de estos derechos, o aún más cuando estos han sido vulnerados. La situación actual de la reparación integral dentro de las sentencias de garantías jurisdiccionales presenta serios desafíos que requieren de una intervención urgente por parte del Estado y la sociedad. Este artículo estudia y explora la implementación de la reparación integral en las sentencias de fianza jurisdiccional en Ecuador, evaluando el marco normativo y jurisprudencial y los retos para su implementación, teniendo en consideración el daño y afectación causado por la vulneración de los derechos. También, es esencial fortalecer la capacitación judicial, asegurar los recursos adecuados y mejorar la coordinación interinstitucional, con el presente estudio se demostrará que estas acciones pueden promover una protección más efectiva de los derechos humanos y contribuir a una justicia más justa y accesible. Es menester, plasmar la exigencia legal y los mecanismos para llegar a una reparación integral, mismos que se tendrán que valorar adecuadamente el daño causado y en donde no debe limitar sus atribuciones así mismo, se deberá observar estándares internacionales, es decir, en el presente artículo se analiza legislación comparada. Así mismo, Ecuador enfrenta limitaciones en la capacitación judicial, coordinación interinstitucional y acceso a la justicia, en comparación, otros países han desarrollado sistemas más avanzados y efectivos. Por lo tanto, la problemática a resolverse es la falta de uniformidad de criterios en la aplicación de la reparación integral, las dificultades en su ejecución y la ausencia de un enfoque integral afectan la tutela efectiva de los derechos humanos en el Ecuador.
Получение молочного желе с коллагенсодержащей добавкой из рыбьей чешуи
Authors: Воробьев Виктор Иванович , Нижникова Елена Владимировна
Published: February 2025

Исследование связано с возможностью применения нативной коллагенсодержащей добавки, полученной из чешуи судака (Sander lucioperca), для замены ею более дорогого желатина животного происхождения в рецептуре молочного желе. Наработана опытная партия коллагенсодержащей добавки из ры-бьей чешуи и определен ее общий химический состав: влага – 7,2 %, белок – 71,4 %, жир – 1,4 %, зола – 20,0 %, в том числе кальций (Ca) – 6,5 %, фосфор (Р) –3,8 %. Согласно представленной рецептуре молочного желе получен ее контроль-ный образец (с животным желатином) следующего общего химического состава: влага – 82,35 %, белок – 4,10 %, жир – 2,75 %, углеводы – 9,9 %, общая зола – 0,9 %, а также опытный образец (с рыбной коллагенсодержащей добавкой и жела-тином) соответственно: влага – 82,77 %, белок – 4,74 %, жир – 2,49 %, углеводы – 8,9 %, общая зола – 1,1 %. Показано (расчетный метод), что опытный образец мо-лочного желе имеет пониженную энергетическую ценность (76,97 ккал) по срав-нению с контрольным (80,75 ккал). Определено, что добавление рыбной коллагенсодержащей добавки в рецептуру молочного желе способствует увеличению выхода готовой продукции в сравнении с контрольным образцом. Исследованы органолептические характеристики опытного и контрольного образцов молочного желе. Установлено, что опытный образец желе (по структуре напоминающей мягкое мороженое) отличался от контрольного более плотной и упругой консистенцией и менее сладким вкусом. Частичная замена животного желатина на коллагенсодержащую добавку в рецептуре молочного желе способствует его обогащению продуктами гидролиза рыбного коллагена и биогенного кальция, а также вовлечению в промышленное производство значительных количеств малоиспользуемой рыбьей чешуи.
Исследования по совершенствованию рецептуры мягкого сыра повышенной биологической ценности остеотропной направленности
Authors: Федорова Олеся Сергеевна , Ключко Наталия Юрьевна
Published: February 2025

Производство мягких сыров является перспективным и актуальным направлением, поскольку их технологию отличает эффективное использование сырья и короткие сроки созревания. Готовая продукция характеризуется повышенным содержанием кальция, витаминов А, В2, В12, РР и может быть реко-мендована для профилактики заболеваний опорно-двигательного аппарата. Из-вестно, что витамин С и кальций оказывают ключевое влияние на процессы био-синтеза коллагена и костного метаболизма. Сочетание этих компонентов в ком-плексе с полноценными белками и жирами способствует наилучшему усвоению всех питательных веществ, поэтому обогащение мягких сыров низкомолекуляр-ными коллагеновыми пептидами и витамином С позволяет создать из него ком-плексный продукт, обладающий остеотропной направленностью.
В статье представлена рецептура мягкого сыра повышенной биологиче-ской ценности для профилактики заболеваний опорно-двигательного аппарата. Охарактеризовано состояние здоровья населения Российской Федерации, которое свидетельствует о распространенности остеопороза и остеопении среди жителей страны, а также о нарастающем дефиците потребления кальция и витамина С. Обосновано внесение в состав мягкого сыра обогащающих компонентов – гидро-лизованной кожи трески балтийской в качестве источника коллагена и плодов облепихи, которые богаты витамином С. Изучен процесс кислотного гидролиза коллагенсодержащего сырья на примере двух видов молочной сыворотки – творожной и подсырной. Проанализированы и определены параметры кислотного гидролиза кожи трески балтийской в творожной сыворотке. С применением метода математического планирования эксперимента подобрана рецептура обогащенного мягкого сыра и описаны рекомендации по его употреблению. Так, 70 г сыра в сутки удовлетворяет у человека суточную потребность (на основании теоретических расчетов) в кальции на 39,6 %, фосфоре – на 51,5 %, витамине А – на 24,5 %, витамине В2 – на 15,5 %, коллагене – на 42 %.
Исследование изменения физико-химических характеристик судовых моторных масел в процессе отработки
Authors: Сынашенко Оксана Владимировна , Синявский Николай Яковлевич , Кострикова Наталья Анатольевна
Published: February 2025

При эксплуатации судового моторного масла происходят процессы, связанные с его окислительной высокотемпературной деградацией, загрязнением сажей, металлами износа, топливом, водой и охлаждающей жидкостью. Качество отработанного судового моторного масла является индикатором для диагностики неисправности судовых дизелей, поэтому анализ свойств отработанных моторных масел имеет важное значение в вопросах определения надежности судовых дизелей, а также обеспечения оптимальных сроков их использования. Судовые моторные масла – диэлектрики, что позволяет рассматривать различные электрические характеристики в задачах диагностирования. В данной работе приводятся результаты исследования основных физико-химических характеристик свежих и отработанных моторных масел: относительной диэлектрической проницаемости, тангенса угла диэлектрических потерь, удельной проводимости, процентного содержания воды, напряжения электрического пробоя, щелочного числа и вязкости. Авторами использован многопараметрический подход для анализа свойств свежих и отработанных моторных масел. Исследованы температурные зависимости основных физико-химических характеристик следующих моторных масел: Mobil 5W30, Mobil 5W40, Mobil 10W40, Shell Rimula 15W40, Total DISOLA, Navigo TPEO 12/40. Указанные характеристики измерялись в зависимости от температуры в диапазоне 20–55 ºC (с шагом 1 ºC) как для свежих масел, так и для отработанных. Показана возможность установления корреляции между этими характеристиками, в том числе при их изменении в отработанных моторных маслах, что позволяет использовать это в задачах диагностирования судовых дизелей.
A simple approach to solving the Drake equation
Authors: Delev Hristo , Dimitrova Todorka L.
Published: February 2025

Are we alone in the Universe? What is the probability of finding intelligent extraterrestrial civilizations in our galaxy? By analyzing the essential conditions for springing up and maintaining life on our planet, we may arrive at the conclusion that it may be not a unique phenomenon. During the past decades, the astrophysicists have put a lot of effort into searching for earthlike planets. However, no reliable proofs of life out of the Earth have been found so far. The Drake equation, proposed by Frank Drake in 1961, is a theoretical model for estimating the probability of finding intelligent extraterrestrial civilizations that was explored by many scientists by applying different approaches. All calculations give non-zero results. However, there are no solid experimental proofs for that yet. This discrepancy was noticed by Enrico Fermi and nowadays it is known as the Fermi paradox. In this work, we propose a simple approach to solving the Drake equation that may be used as a scholar exercise and then, provoke a creative discussion with the students.
Frontline management of multiple myeloma patients: optimizing treatment for patients in the Gulf region
Authors: Marashi Mahmoud , Al Farsi Khalil , Al Hateeti Hussni , Alhuraiji Ahmad , Elsabah Hesham , Cherif Honar , Hamad Anas , Mheidly Kayane , Osman Hani , Mohty Mohamad
Published: February 2025

Treatment options for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) have expanded dramatically over the last two decades, resulting in remarkable improvements in response rates and median survival times. In eligible patients, autologous stem cell transplant plays the central role of an overall treatment strategy comprising induction, transplantation, consolidation, and maintenance. In this article, we draw from our own collective clinical experience of treating patients with NDMM in the Gulf region to discuss treatment strategies in both transplant-eligible and -ineligible patients, as well as in high-risk patients. We present position statements for these distinct patient populations specifically for treatment in the Gulf region, where patients with NDMM have a younger median age than and different comorbidity profile from Western populations. We discuss how the introduction of anti-CD38 agents, including daratumumab and isatuximab, have had a major impact on the frontline treatment landscape in MM, with daratumumab-based quadruplet and triplet regimens emerging as the new standard of care in transplant-eligible and -ineligible patients, respectively. In addition, we advocate aggressive quadruplet treatment of high-risk patients with NDMM, as part of a strategy including single or tandem transplant when eligible. Finally, we discuss the clinical and practical rationale behind our statements, which is intended to serve as a useful reference for hematologists treating physicians within the Gulf region and beyond.