bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Advanced Aging Enhances the Positivity Effect in Memory: Due to Cognitive Control or Age-Related Decline in Emotional Processing?
Authors: Sakaki Michiko , Raw Jasmine A. L. , Findlay Jamie , Thottam Mariel
Published: October 2019

Older adults typically remember more positive than negative information compared to their younger counterparts; a phenomenon referred to as the ‘positivity effect.’ According to the socioemotional selectivity theory (SST), the positivity effect derives from the age-related motivational shift towards attaining emotionally meaningful goals which become more important as the perception of future time becomes more limited. Cognitive control mechanisms are critical in achieving such goals and therefore SST predicts that the positivity effect is associated with preserved cognitive control mechanisms in older adults. In contrast, the aging-brain model suggests that the positivity effect is driven by an age-related decline in the amygdala which is responsible for emotional processing and emotional learning. The aim of the current research was to address whether the age-related positivity effect is associated with cognitive control or impaired emotional processing associated with aging. We included older old adults, younger old adults and younger adults and tested their memory for emotional stimuli, cognitive control and amygdala-dependent fear conditioned responses. Consistent with prior research, older adults, relative to younger adults, demonstrate better memory for positive over negative images. We further found that within a group of older adults, the positivity effect increases as a function of age, such that older old adults demonstrated a greater positivity effect compared to younger older adults. Furthermore, the positivity effect in older old adults was associated with preserved cognitive control, supporting the prediction of SST. Contrary to the prediction of the aging-brain model, participants across all groups demonstrated similar enhanced skin conductance responses to fear conditioned stimuli – responses known to rely on the amygdala. Our results support SST and suggest that the positivity effect in older adults is achieved by the preserved cognitive control mechanisms and is not a reflection of the impaired emotional function associated with age.
Autoeficacia general, ansiedad precompetitiva y sensación de fluir en jugadores (as) de balonmano de la selección nacional de Costa Rica
Authors: Gutiérrez Vargas Juan Carlos , Gutiérrez Vargas Randall , Ureña Bonilla Pedro
Published: October 2019

El propósito de este estudio fue describir y relacionar los niveles de autoeficacia, ansiedad precompetitiva y sensación de fluir en jugadores de balonmano de la selección nacional masculina y femenina de Costa Rica durante el Torneo Internacional Feria de la Flores (Colombia 2012). En el estudio participaron  28 jugadores (14 hombres y 14 mujeres). Se aplicó la escalas de autoeficacia general, sensación de fluir y ansiedad competitiva. El valor promedio en relación con la autoeficacia  fue alto (8,40). En cuanto a la sensación de fluir, los valores promedio oscilaron entre 3,41 (experiencia autotélica) y 5,78 (sensación de control). La ansiedad somática fue la más baja (hombres= 1,59 / mujeres= 1,98) y la autoconfianza la más alta (hombres= 2,99 / mujeres= 2,70). No se registró cambios significativos a lo largo de los juegos en relación con la sensación de fluir. La ansiedad experimentada por los hombres fue significativamente menor a la de las mujeres, y  los niveles de autoconfianza fueron superiores en los hombres que en las mujeres. No se registró correlaciones importantes entre autoeficacia y sensación de fluir; sin embargo, la ansiedad somática mostró correlaciones significativas con algunas dimensiones de la  sensación de fluir. Los datos registrados evidencian la nece sidad del trabajo psicológico, para el logro de estados psicofísicos que favorezcan el logro de rendimientos máximos.
Sum-peak method with two NaI(Tl) crystals: 68(Ge+Ga) standardization
Authors: Oliveira Estela Maria , Iwahara Akira , Poledna Roberto , Da Silva Carlos José , Da Cruz Paulo Alberto Lima , Gomes Regio Dos Santos , Delgado José Ubiratan , Lopes Ricardo Tadeu
Published: October 2019

A 68(Ge+Ga) commercial solution has been standardized in LNMRI in Brazil, by sum-peak method, in which a 3”x3” NaI(Tl) gamma-ray detector is positioned at the top of a well-type 5”x5” NaI(Tl) gamma-ray detector, resulting in a set up approximately  4p geometry. In this work the known germanium volatility was tested using three dried sources and three liquid sources in the sum-peak method measurements and the activity results showed a standard deviation of 0.41%. The activities were compared with another primary method: 4pb-g live-timed anti-coincidence counting. The two methods gave activity concentration values with differences from the certified value of +0.8 % (anticoincidence method) and -3.4% (sum-peak method).
Use of a mammography chamber in the characterization of radioprotection qualities N15 to N120
Authors: PACIFICO LEONARDO CASTRO , Peixoto José Guilherme , Gonçalves Luis Alexandre
Published: October 2019

The objective of the present work was to study the feasibility of the use of an ionization chamber dedicated to mammography in the characterization of radioprotection qualities referring to the series of narrow spectrum beams provided by ISO 4037-1. The results were satisfactory, and we conclude that it is feasible to use the ionization chamber dedicated to mammography to characterize the radiation protection qualities ISO-N15 to ISO-N120.
Updates on an At-Risk Population: Late-Preterm and Early-Term Infants
Authors: Stewart Dan L. , Barfield Wanda D. ,   COMMITTEE ON FETUS AND NEWBORN, Cummings James J. , Adams-Chapman Ira S. , Aucott Susan Wright , Goldsmith Jay P. , Hand Ivan L. , Juul Sandra E. , Poindexter Brenda Bradley , Puopolo Karen Marie
Published: October 2019

The American Academy of Pediatrics published a clinical report on late-preterm (LPT) infants in 2007 that was largely based on a summary of a 2005 workshop convened by the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, at which a change in terminology from “near term” to “late preterm” was proposed. This paradigm-shifting recommendation had a remarkable impact: federal agencies (the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention), professional societies (the American Academy of Pediatrics and American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists), and organizations (March of Dimes) initiated nationwide monitoring and educational plans that had a significant effect on decreasing the rates of iatrogenic LPT deliveries. However, there is now an evolving concern. After nearly a decade of steady decreases in the LPT birth rate that largely contributed to the decline in total US preterm birth rates, the birth rate in LPT infants has been inching upward since 2015. In addition, evidence revealed by strong population health research demonstrates that being born as an early-term infant poses a significant risk to an infant’s survival, growth, and development. In this report, we summarize the initial progress and discuss the potential reasons for the current trends in LPT and early-term birth rates and propose research recommendations.
ESFERA PÚBLICA, MÍDIA E CIDADANIA
Authors: Barros Antonio Teixeira de
Published: October 2019

Considerações sobre as categorias de público e privado, com vistas a uma abordagem mais ampla sobre a relação entre esfera pública, mídia e cidadania no Brasil contemporâneo. Para tanto, remete-se ao legado teórico de Hannah Arendt e Habermas, a fim de fundamentar a caracterização do momento pós-burguês da Esfera Pública e o panorama atual.
A REFORMA PENITENCIÁRIA E A MODERNIDADE NO BRASIL: uma abordagem possível
Authors: Silva Mozart Linhares da
Published: October 2019

O autor examina o Instituto de Reforma Peninteciária desde suas origens no Modernismo e relaciona-a com o Direito e com a Antropologia Criminal.
DE FORMULA VITAE HONESTAE: uma obra de caráter político-moral
Authors: Roedel Leila Rodrigues
Published: October 2019

O processo de conversão ao Cristianismo, em sua versão ortodoxa, dos povos bárbaros assentados em território do Antigo Império Romano, durante os séculos V e VIl, evidencia o empenho das autoridades religiosas capazes de forjar variadas estratégias na busca do seu intento. Nesse sentido, destaca-se a atuação de Martinho de Braga pelo seu sistemático trabalho de evangelização, do que fez parte a redação de variadas obras. Entre estas desejamos sublinhar De Formula Vitae Honestae, obra de caráter político e moral dirigida aos príncipes do referido reino, reproduzida inúmeras vezes na Idade Média a partir do século XII e inserida no conjunto de escritos conhecidos como espelho dos príncipes.
INDIVIDUO V SOCIEDAD EN EL "PROLOGUS" DEL SUPER ETHICA DE ALBERTO MAGNO
Authors: Bertelloni Francisco
Published: October 2019

Alberto Magno foi o primeiro grande comentador de Aristóteles entre os cristãos. Em seu Prólogo à Ética a Nicômaco, defronta-se ele com a divisão da philosophia moralis em individual, econômica e política. Seus antecessores, porém, não faziam união entre os três ramos, enquanto Alberto, usando praticamente os mesmos argumentos e reinterpretando-os a seu modo, consegue recuperar a unidade da ética.
A FELICIDADE COMO BEM SUPREMO: SANTO TOMÁS LÊ ARISTÓTELES
Authors: Camello Maurílio
Published: October 2019

Este trabalho coteja o comentário de Santo Tomás de Aquino com o texto da Ética a Nicômaco de Aristóteles no que diz respeito à noção de felicidade como bem supremo e sua identificação com o exercício da contemplação. Mostra-se como o caráter literal do texto de Santo Tomás não impede algumas ultrapassagens das posições aristotélicas.
RAIMUNDO LÚLIO, O ALQUIMISTA DAS DIFERENÇAS
Authors: Barbosa Gisela Fonseca
Published: October 2019

As tensões geradas pela confluência das culturas grega e semita encontram no século XIII um solo fecundo. O necessitarismo grego que faz do mundo uma emanação divina confronta com a amorosa vontade criadora do Deus semita. Essa questão é raiz fundante do pensamento e do agir modernos e tem em Raimundo Lúlio uma importante reflexão que culmina com a emergência de um ethos amoroso. Esse resgate ajuda a fundamentar o lugar do homem e sua responsabilidade na atual sociedade tecnológica.
IDEALI ETICI E PENSIERO POLITICO NEL DE RECUPERATIONE TERRE SANCTE (1306) DI PIERRE DUBOIS
Authors: Ghisalberti Alessandro
Published: October 2019

Pierre Dubois, um dos legistas de Filipe,o Belo, em seu tratado Sobre a recuperação daTerra Santa produziu um texto que não possuigrande importância filosófica. Entretanto, suaspropostas políticas apresentam-no como um homemcom algumas propostas interessantes, baseadasem Síger, R Bacon e R. Lullio. A necessidadeda paz, a reforma da Igreja, a unidade da fé,uma Europa de nações são alguns dos temas desenvolvidos.
LORDSHIP ANO FREEDOM IN THE POLITICAL THEORY OF THE EARLY 14th CENTURY
Authors: Miethke Jürgen
Published: October 2019

As noções correlatas de senhorio(Herrschaft) e liberdade foram estudadas na IdadeMédia de forma diferente de hoje. Em inúmerosdocumentos encontra-se a menção de liberdadeda gleba, direito de locomoção, direito de disporda propriedade. Os acadêmicos de fins do séculoXIII e do século XN haverão de volver-se paraeste problema devido à disputa entre o papa e aautoridade civil. Sem dúvida, o que mais aprofundoua questão foi Guilherme de Ockham, ao examinara condição dos fiéis dentro da Igreja.
O TEMPO E A ETERNIDADE
Authors: Rabuske Edvino A.
Published: October 2019

AB aporias do tempo cosmológico e dotempo psicológico são parcialmente superadaspela introdução do tempo histórico. A partir desteterceiro tempo é possível recolocar um antigo problema,o da relação entre tempo e eternidade, exploradopelos mitos, pelas grandes religiões e pelaFilosofia. A solução filosófica aqui proposta consisteem repensar, no nível espiritual, o esquemaaristotélico de ato e potência.
PLOTINO - O RETORNO AO UNO
Authors: Ullmann Reinholdo Aloysio
Published: October 2019

Neste artigo, o autor aborda o retornoda alma ao Uno, de acordo com a doutrina plotiniana.Para tanto, é mister a dialética, entendidacomo abstração (renúncia) das coisas materiais edas paixões. A inteligência, a vontade e as virtudesdevem colaborar, para alcançar o objetivo últimoda vida: a união mística com o Uno. O artigoalude, também, à metempsicose defendida porPlotino. No fim, são recordados alguns aspectosda influência exercida por Plotino sobre a IdadeMédia e o pensamento filosófico posterior.
HERÁCLITO DE ÉFESO: O PENSAMENTO DA LEI
Authors: Camello Maurílio
Published: October 2019

O artigo se detém no exame de algunsfragmentos de Heráclito, onde se surpreende umadenúncia radical na origem de nossa cultura 'democrática'.Trata-se do afastamento da lei da cidadecom relação ao que deveria ser seu fundamentopermanentemente transformador, a Dfke,Justiça, 'lei divina'. Essa é vista como centro detensão que explode as alianças e os contratos tribais,baseados num lógos degradado.
CH. WOLFF E 1. KANT SOBRE VERDADE TRANSCENDENTAL
Authors: Beckenkamp Joãosinho
Published: October 2019

Nos últimos anos, alguns autores alemães(como N. Hinske e outros) vêm investigandoa origem do terrn,o transcendental tal como usadopor Kant. O presente artigo procura mostrar a ascendênciawolffiana, e mesmo escolástica, do uso kantiano deste termo.
ÉTICA DISCURSIVA: O.PROBLEMA DA FUNDAMENTAÇÃO DO PRINCÍPIO MORAL
Authors: Dalbosco Claudio Almir
Published: October 2019

Seguindo uma orientação eminentementereconstrutiva, buscamos ternatizar, a partirde um permanente cotejo com algumas obras deHaberrnas, primeiro, o papel que o Princípio deUniversalização (P.U.) desempenha na ética discursivae, segundo, o argumento da fundamentaçãode tal princípio, no modo corno é desenvolvidopor Haberrnas em Notas programáticas para afundamentação de uma ética do disCUISo. Estesdois ternas constituem o eixo diretor do artigo esão, ambos, subsidiados pela reflexão de outrosternas: considerações sobre a teoria da comunicação,especificidades das proposições normativas eo recurso à pragmâtica transcendental.
CRITÉRIOS EPISTEMOLÓGICOS DA TEORIA DA VERDADE DE DESCARTES
Authors: Milman Luis
Published: October 2019

A teoria cartesiana da verdade é essencialmenteepistemológica. Por essa razão, seuempreendimento racionalista é filosoficamente revolucionário.Neste trabalho procuro analisar algumasdas mais importantes características desteempreendimento. Proponho uma abordagem que,de certo modo, separa as questões epistêmicocognitivasdesta teoria, dos compromissos ontológicosa partir dos quais Descartes julgava imprescindíveldesenvolvê-la. Com Descartes, o problemada verdade aparece pela primeira vez comosendo um problema sobre as condições de obtençãode juízos indubitáveis acerca do que somos edo que são as coisas externas que podemos conhecer.
O TEMPO DO REINADO DE DEUS E DO REINADO DO HOMEM ...
Authors: Mendes Jorge Jaime de Souza
Published: October 2019

O autor realça a dicotomia entre asidéias de Homem e de Deus, igualmente enfocadaem J. P. Sartre e em Nietzsche. O conteúdo axiológicoem Deus contém a afirmação absoluta doHomem, logo, não são idéias contrárias, uma vezque o homem tende para Deus. As metas humanasestão contidas na idéias de Deus, portanto,não nos é lícito proclamar "a morte de Deus" antesque o homem se transforme em Deus ...
A UNIVERSIDADE E SUA RESPONSABILIDADE SOCIAL
Authors: Volpi Marina Tazón
Published: October 2019

O artigo apresenta enfoques de diferentesautores sobre a responsabilidade social daUniversidade. Enfatiza sua importância na formaçãointegral do indivíduo para a sociedade do futuro,devendo constituir-se num espaço social queprivilegie a criação e a instigação da criatividade,preparando, assim, o homem para a vida nummundo em constante transformação mediante aativação de sua capacidade reflexiva, buscandoconfigurar novas respostas às necessidades da sociedade.A Universidade como a instituição que,aberta para o diálogo com seu entorno, deveràbuscar soluções concretas para os problemas dopresente e do futuro, mediante a formação de profissionaisde acordo com a real demanda social,da investigação direcionada para a interdisciplinaridadee a integração do científico com o humanistico,numa efetiva vivência da solidariedadesocial.
O Direito Humano ao Ambiente Sadio: perspectivas sobre a indivisibilidade entre os direitos ambientais e direitos humanos
Authors: Loureiro Gustavo Do Amaral
Published: October 2019

A discussão sobre como melhor proteger o ser humano e sua dignidade das injustiças perpetradas pelo de- senvolvimento assimétrico das diferentes nações e sociedades se tornou um dos destaques da agenda internacional a partir do fim da Guerra Fria. Nesse contexto, começam a emergir, no âmbito das Nações Unidas, pautas de Direitos Humanos que anteriormente se encontravam limitadas ao campo do Direito Ambiental, como o direito humano ao ambiente sadio, ainda não reconhecido formalmente. Este artigo busca compreender quais são as conexões existentes entre os dois campos e se os direitos referentes ao Meio Ambiente devem ou não ser considerados indivisíveis em relação aos demais Direitos Humanos, sendo está uma das condições sugeridas pelo Conselho de Direitos Humanos da Organização das Nações Unidas (ONU). A discussão proposta por este artigo é de caráter teórico-conceitual, no intuito de fornecer maior clareza sobre as interseções existentes entre os dois campos mencionados previamente, e é realizada através de análise documental e bibliográfica.
Relações internacionais e meio ambiente
Authors: Leone Silva dos Santos Cínthia , Battistello Espíndola Isabela , Costa Ribeiro Wagner
Published: October 2019

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The Relationship Between Time of Retightening and Preload Loss of Abutment Screws for Two Different Implant Designs: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Varvara Giuseppe , Sinjari Bruna , Caputi Sergio , Scarano Antonio , Piattelli Maurizio
Published: October 2019

The loosening of an abutment screw is one of the most frequent complications in implant-prosthetic rehabilitation, especially for single-crown cemented prostheses. This complication is due to several mechanical factors including type of connection, abutment-screw geometry, settling effects, and cyclical load. The purpose of the present in vitro study was to compare and associate different times of retightening with reductions in preload losses. We evaluated 40 internal hexagon dental implants and 40 external hexagon dental implants, with their related abutment screws. The implants were embedded in acrylic resin in cylindrical polyvinyl chloride tubes (26 mm diameter, 20 mm height). The abutments were fixed to the implants with screws to an initial torque of 35 Ncm using a digital torque meter with decimal precision. Two different types of connection were randomly divided in 4 subgroups of 10 samples each. One subgroup was used as control. The test groups underwent retightening to the same initial torque at increasing times from initial torque application for tightening of the abutment screws, to their retightening at 2 minutes, 5 minutes, and 10 minutes. The retightening time of 2 minutes shows significantly reduced preload loss. Randomized clinical trials are strongly required to provide clinicians with a beneficial standardized protocol of retightening that can be applied in routine clinical practice.
Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Analysis of the Prevalence, Length, and Passage of the Anterior Loop of the Mandibular Canal
Authors: Raju Navin , Zhang Wenjian , Jadhav Aniket , Ioannou Andreas , Eswaran Sridhar , Weltman Robin
Published: October 2019

When placing implants in the anterior mandible, it is important to avoid damaging the mandibular nerve and its terminal extensions. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence, length, and passage of the anterior loop of the mandibular canal, as well as the quantity of alveolar bone that is coronal to the canal, to help with implant placement in the anterior mandible. Cone-beam computerized tomography (CBCT) scans of 124 patients with 248 hemi-sections were evaluated. Anterior loop prevalence was determined using reconstructed panoramic and cross-sectional views; length was measured as the distance between the most mesial aspect of the mental foramen to the most mesial aspect of the anterior loop on cross-sectional views. The bucco-lingual position of the anterior loop inside the mandible and the apico-coronal dimensions of the alveolar bone above it were measured on cross-sectional views to determine the passage of the anterior loop and the bone available coronally, respectively. The effects of sex, age, side, and dentate status on the prevalence and length of the anterior loop were analyzed statistically. Prevalence of the anterior loop at the patient and hemi-section levels was 25% and 24%, respectively, and its median length was 1.63 mm (range, 0.52–3.92 mm). The anterior loop was apical to the mental foramen and mostly located within the buccal or middle one-third of the alveolar ridge, with an average height of coronal alveolar bone of 17.12 mm. Sex, age, side, and dentate status did not affect anterior loop prevalence and length. In conclusion, because of great variation, a case-by-case CBCT evaluation of the anterior loop is necessary before placing implants in the anterior mandible.
One-stage Vertical Ridge Augmentation and Dental Implantation with Allograft Bonerings: Results 1 Year After Surgery
Authors: Nord Thomas , Yüksel Orcan , Grimm Wolf-Dieter , Giesenhagen Bernd
Published: October 2019

The aim of this study was to analyze the success rate of dental implants and the graft shrinkage rate after vertical ridge augmentation and simultaneous implantation with an allograft bonering. Fifty-one patients (81 augmentations and simultaneous implantations) were included. The bonering technique followed a standardized protocol. The alveolar ridge was prepared using a congruent trephine, and depending on the defect size, an allograft bonering with an outer diameter of 6–7 mm was placed. The height of the bonering was trimmed with a diamond disc to the required length. The average height of vertical augmentation was 5.5 mm. Implants were inserted through the bonering into the native bone of alveolar ridge. After 6 months, dental implants were exposed, and dental prosthetics were placed. Of 81 implants placed with the bonering technique, two failed during a 12-month follow-up, corresponding to a success rate of 97.5%. One year after surgery, the allograft bonering exhibited an average vertical graft shrinkage rate of 8.6%. In conclusion, the allograft bonering technique was associated with a favorable outcome, and in cases with large vertical defects, both treatment time and donor site morbidity could be reduced.
Awareness of HIV/AIDS Among Pregnant Women
Authors: Doron Silvia C. , Lanada Maria Lourdes B. , Ladaga Jeanette B. , Malabote Eduvegis L. , Rejas Hideliza C.
Published: October 2019

The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is considered a potentially life-threatening virus that damages the immune system. HIV infection can lead to AIDS (or Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome), which is a complex illness with a wide range of complications and symptoms. AIDS is the final stage of HIV. When individuals reach this stage, they are at high risk for opportunistic infections due to their severely damaged immune system, which could lead to death. It affects everyone, including pregnant women. The primary objective of this study is to determine the level of awareness of HIV/AIDS among pregnant women in Manga District, Tagbilaran City. This study used a descriptive normative survey method with 19-item awareness questions to 36 expectant mothers. The findings revealed that the respondents were strongly aware of HIV/AIDS. There was a significant relationship between age and educational attainment to the level of HIV/AIDS awareness among pregnant mothers in Manga District. An HIV/AIDS Advocacy program should be implemented and cascaded to all women regardless of age, sex, and educational level to help prevent the spread of the disease.
Reservoir flood estimation: the way ahead
Authors: Faulkner Duncan , Benn Jeremy
Published: October 2019

Design floods for reservoirs in the UK and Ireland are currently estimated using a method that in many respects has not changed since the Flood Studies Report of 1975. Although estimates of design rainfall in the UK have been updated, other aspects of the design method and the estimation of probable maximum precipitation (PMP) are dated. Methods for river flood estimation have moved on since the 1970s and there are new and longer-term sources of hydro-meteorological data. Research studies have shown instances of both PMP and probable maximum flood (PMF) estimates using existing methods being exceeded. In this paper we give an overview of aspects of the design flood estimation procedure that are in need of an update and others that tend not to be correctly applied, such as allowance for snowmelt. We identify discrepancies between the different methods used to calculate percentage runoff and time to peak for the 10 000-year flood and the PMF. We discuss the pros and cons of adopting the newer revitalised flood hydrograph rainfall−runoff model for reservoir safety work in the UK. We offer suggestions for development of an up-to-date method for reservoir flood estimation that builds on existing methods, in an international context.
Testing of hydrophobically coated composite materials with marine energy applications
Authors: Walls Michael , O’Connor Heather , Dowling Denis P , Goggins Jamie
Published: October 2019

Tidal turbine applications will place composite materials such as glass-fibre-reinforced polymers (GFRPs) and carbon-fibre-reinforced polymers under surprisingly high pressure due to the significant water depths they operate in (to depths of 50 m). The technical reliability of tidal turbines must be guaranteed despite the high dynamic loads resulting from the combination of plant operation, wind and waves with irregular swell. These external effects could lead to operation downtime and accelerated degradation. Research has already established that (unpressurised) moisture saturation is detrimental to both the tensile and fatigue strengths of a GFRP material compared with its dry laminate performance. This degradation has been shown to be stress dependent. It is possible that hydrophobic coatings could help protect the material while in service. Therefore, two commercially available coatings were applied to five variations of composite materials. These materials are commonly used in tidal and wave turbine blades, as they have excellent corrosion resistance and mechanical properties. All five were subjected to the same conditioning processes: non-pressurised and pressurised immersion conditioning in water. A glass-fibre epoxy (Ampreg) composite, along with a glass-fibre powdered epoxy composite, a glass-fibre polyether ether ketone composite and a carbon-fibre powdered epoxy composite, was investigated. The glass-fibre epoxy (Ampreg) was also subjected to static/fatigue tensile tests.
Synergetic effect of a chemical activator and blast-furnace slag on enhancing recycled aggregate mortar
Authors: Santha Kumar G.
Published: October 2019

The inferiority of recycled fine aggregate mortar (RFAM) is a major obstacle to its utilisation and a method to enhance RFAM is thus necessary to scale up applications. The concept behind the method proposed in this paper involves using a calcium hydroxide solution to pre-coat the surface of recycled fine aggregates in order to activate blast-furnace slag incorporated in RFAM to enhance performance. The results of this experimental research showed that, compared with conventional RFAM, the synergistic effects of using a calcium hydroxide solution and blast-furnace slag in RFAM produced better workability, earlier setting time, higher compressive strength at early and later ages, higher flexural and splitting tensile strengths, a lower volume of permeable voids, a greater formation of hydration products, a lower water absorption by immersion and a lower rate of capillary absorption. The method was found to enhance the performance of RFAM remarkably and, in addition, is economically and environmentally feasible.
Confocal imaging of live larval zebrafish for assessing peripheral neuropathy v2
Authors: Rieger Sandra
Published: October 2019

Summary: This protocol describes a method to mount live 8 day-old zebrafish larvae in agarose for capturing fluorescent transgene-expressing peripheral somatosensory axons with confocal imaging. We have previously described a similar method in the Journal of Visualized Experiments (1). Diabetic Complication: References: 1. G. S. O'Brien, S. Rieger, S. M. Martin, A. M. Cavanaugh, C. Portera-Cailliau, A. Sagasti, Twophoton axotomy and time-lapse confocal imaging in live zebrafish embryos. J Vis Exp, (2009). 2. S. Rieger, A. Sagasti, Hydrogen peroxide promotes injury-induced peripheral sensory axon regeneration in the zebrafish skin. PLoS Biol 9, e1000621 (2011); published online EpubMay (10- PLBI-RA-9260R3 [pii] 10.1371/journal.pbio.1000621). 3. A. J. Pittman, M. Y. Law, C. B. Chien, Pathfinding in a large vertebrate axon tract: isotypic interactions guide retinotectal axons at multiple choice points. Development 135, 2865-2871 (2008); published online EpubSep
Crude extraction of Xylella fastidiosa from infected leaves v1
Authors: Appelman Niels
Published: October 2019

This protocol can be used to (crudely) extract Xylella fastidiosa from infected leaves.
LAMP assay v1
Authors: Appelman Niels
Published: October 2019

This is a protocol used to perform LAMP assays. It was adapted to https://international.neb.com/protocols/2016/08/15/warmstart-colorimetric-lamp-2x-master-mix-typical-lamp-protocol-m1800
MALT lymphoma and erosive and ulcerative lesions of the stomach: modern diagnostic approaches and own clinical observation
Authors: Bakulin I. G. , Bakulinа N. V. , Vorobyov S. L. , Popova E. A. , Malikhova O. A. , Zeynalova P. A. , Ilchishina T. A. , Lozovaya V. V. , Abbasbeyli F. M.
Published: October 2019

Due to the pronounced polymorphism of stomach MALT-lymphoma endoscopic manifestations, often mimicking inflammatory changes of various etiologies, difficulties arise in the timely diagnosis of this disease. The alertness of the endoscopist and the use of integrated approaches to endoscopic diagnosis, taking into account the existing criteria for differential diagnosis, will undoubtedly improve the results of treatment.
Detection of platelet-associated immunoglobulins and complement system components in patients with aplastic anemia and hemoblastosis
Authors: Rakhmani A. F. , Mikhaylova E. A. , Galtseva I. V. , Davidova Yu. O. , Kapranov N. M. , Dubinkin I. V. , Kulikov S. M. , Gaponova T. V. , Fidarova Z. T. , Troitskaya V. V. , Parovichnikova E. N. , Savchenko V. G.
Published: October 2019

Background. In addition to anti-HLA-I and anti-HPA-antibodies and specific cytotoxic T-lymphocytes, another cause of immune refractoriness to donor's platelet transfusions could be a platelet-associated different classes immunoglobulins PAIg (G, M, A) and C3 / C4‑components of complement system (PAC3, PAC4). These markers can be detected by flow cytofluorometry of double-stained platelets. The fixation density of immunoglobulins and components of complement systems were measured by the mean fluorescence intensity (MFI).

Objective: to study additional factors that aggravate the course of refractoriness to donor's platelet transfusions in patients with aplastic anemia (AA) and hemoblastosis.

Materials and methods. 77 patients (AA – 47, myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) – 10, acute myeloid leukemia (AML) – 20) admitted to National Research Centre for Hematology during 11.09.2016–04.28.2018 were enrolled in the study. M / f ratio was 33 / 44, median age was 36 yrs. (19–71 yrs.). Plasmapheresis and cross-matching for PRP selection were used for patients with refractoriness to donor's platelet transfusion. PAIg (G, M, A) and PAC3 / C4 detection and density (MFI) were evaluated in all patients by flow cytofluorometry of doublestained platelets (CD41a-PE; IgA, M, G-FITC; C3 / C4‑FITC) and MFI measurement. Patients with AA were investigated on different stages of therapy and if refractoriness to donor's platelet transfusion is developed. Blood donors (n = 28) MFI measurement results were established as negative control.

Results. It was found that MFI PAIgG/M/А and PAC3/С4 was higher in all groups of the patients (АА, MDS, AML), as compared with donors. MFI of PAIgM and PAIgA in patients were significant higher than MFI of PAIgG and PAC3 / C4. Combination of PAIgM / A, PAIgM / C3 / C4 and PAIgA / C3 / C4 were more frequent. Multiple transfusions of PRP were associated with PAIgA and PAC3 detection. Development of refractoriness to donor's platelet transfusions was accompanied by alloantibodies (HLA-I, HPA) and PAIgM, PAC4 detection. In patients of AA group during development of refractoriness to donor's platelet transfusions and multiple infection complications the high density of PAIgM and PAIgA were identified. Relapse of AA was accompanied MFI of PAC3 density increment.

Conclusion. In addition to application of a certain transfusion therapy algorithm it is also necessary to detect PAIg (G, M, A) and PAC3 / C4 for prediction of severe refractoriness to donor's platelet transfusions.
Identification of common and new rare types of weak RhD antigen in patients with blood diseases and healthy person
Authors: Golovkina L. L. , Kalandarov R. S. , Pshenichnikova O. S. , Surin V. L. , Stremoukhova A. G. , Pushkina T. D. , Khasigova B. B.
Published: October 2019

Background.Rhesus phenotype has been determined in 404 persons which have problems with blood groups identification. Genetic typing of antigen RhD variants was performed in 73 individuals. Objective of the work was to give molecular and serological characteristics of the antigen RhD weak types.

Materials and methods.Method of rhesus phenotype determination in direct agglutination test on plane by using of anti-D, anti-C, anti-c, anti-Cw, anti-E and anti-e monoclonal antibodies; gel method of rhesus phenotype determination; methods of genetic typing of RhD; methods of antigen RhD determination in the classic indirect antiglobulin test and in the gel indirect antiglobulin test; method of antigen RhD determination in the saline agglutination test.

Results.Serological methods identified 73 red blood samples with the weakened expression of RhD antigen. Molecular methods showed the reasons of weakness of antigen expression. Three RHD*D weak types which are common in Russians (RHD*D weak type 1–3) were identified and for the first time 3 types were found – RHD*D weak type 67, RHD(G255R) and RHD(JVS5-38del4). Serological characteristic of RhD weak types was given. It was shown that combined using of monoclonal antibodies in direct agglutination test and in gel is the most effective serological method of the antigen variants detection. Red blood cells with weak RhD antigens can be recognized by weakness or absence of agglutination with monoclonal antibodies on plane if agglutination in gel was 3+4+.

Conclusion.Concrete weak RhD variants can be determined only by genetic typing. Serologically weak antigen variants can be detected by using of at least two series of monoclonal antibodies or by using of two different methods (it is preferable).
Features of cytogenetic diagnosis of simultaneous chronic lymphocytic leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome: clinical case report
Authors: Kislitsyna M. A. , Obukhova T. N. , Kokhno A. V. , Grebenyuk L. A. , Luchkin A. V. , Kuzmina L. A. , Dvirnyk V. N. , Kovrigina A. M. , Galtseva I. V. , Biderman B. V. , Troitskaya V. V. , Parovichnikova E. N.
Published: October 2019

In chronic lymphocytic leukemia, the risk of second tumors including hematological malignancies, with which the use of purine nucleosides and alkylating agents in treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia is most often associated, is significantly increased. Concurrent detection of this disease and various hematological tumors is a rare occurrence in hematological practice. Use of cytogenetic method or analysis allows to differentiate between 2 tumors and confirm differences in genetic abnormalities in different clones and on different levels of cell differentiation. This article presents a clinical case of simultaneous chronic lymphocytic leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome with 2 clones with different cytogenetic abnormalities: partial trisomy of chromosome 12 and deletion of the long arm of chromosome 5 formed at different levels of cell differentiation.
Empirical anidulafungin therapy increases the treatment efficacy in invasive candidiasis: ERA study results (EraxisR in the Russian Federation)
Authors: Klimko N. N.
Published: October 2019

The objective of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of empirical therapy with anidulafungin in patients with invasive candidiasis in real clinical practice in Russian healthcare institutions.

Materials and methods. In a prospective multicenter (n = 23) ERA study in 2015–2017, 92 adult patients with invasive candidiasis were included. Depending on the type of anidulafungin administration, patients were divided into 2 comparable demographic groups. In the 1st group (n = 52; median age 50.5 ± 13.9 years (19–75 years); men ‒ 62 %), invasive candidiasis was microbiologically confirmed after the initiation of empirical anidulafungin therapy. In the 2nd group (n = 40; median age 47.15 ± 18.01 years (18–98 years); men — 65 %), patients received anidulafungin only after microbiological confirmation of invasive candidiasis. The groups did not statistically differ in risk factors, etiology of invasive candidiasis, the frequency of various organs damage, and also in APACHE II and SOFA score at the time of anidulafungin administration.

Results and conclusion. Overall survival on the 30th day after laboratory confirmation of invasive candidiasis was statistically significantly higher in the empirical therapy group (66 % vs 58 %; p = 0.04 416). In addition, the empirical anidulafungin therapy was lead to a significant decrease in the duration of stay in intensive care units (13.5 ± 19.7 days vs 21 ± 15 days) and the total treatment time (22 ± 18 days vs 29 ± 21 days).
Pharmacoeconomic analysis of the anidulafungin (EraxisR) in adult patients with invasive candidiasis
Authors: Nedogoda S. V. , Salasyuk A. S. , Barykina I. N. , Smirnova V. O.
Published: October 2019

Objective: to assess the economic outcomes of using anidulafungin (Eraxis®) in comparison with the recommended treatment regimens in adult patients with invasive candidiasis.

Materials and methods. The economic impact assessment was carried out using “cost–effectiveness” analysis and “budget impact” analysis. “Cost–effectiveness” and “budget impact” analyses were performed in Microsoft Excel model.

Results. An analysis of the effectiveness showed that the use of anidulafungin is characterized by higher survival (79.25 % vs 66.17 % for caspofungin and 60.84 % for mikafungin). The cost of anidulafungin was 377.7 thousand rubles, which is comparable with the course of caspofungin and 61 % lower than the cost of micafungin therapy. “Cost–effectiveness” analysis showed that the use of the anidulafungin in the treatment of invasive candidiasis is pharmacoeconomically effective and has a “cost–effectiveness” ratio comparable to caspofungin in terms of the effectiveness of therapy for 7 days and exceeds it in terms of the cost of preserving the patient»s life by 14.5 %. Compared to micafungin, anidulafungin is both more economical and more effective in terms of preserving the patient's life, reaching an advantage of up to 45 %. An analysis of the impact on the budget showed that with the complete replacement of the currently used treatment regimens in the target population of 11,840 patients with invasive candidiasis with anidulafungin, it is possible to reduce the burden on the budget of the healthcare system to 17 % or 1458.6 million rubles in year. The average savings in the 3‑year study horizon, taking into account the gradual switching of 25, 50 and 75 % of the target patient population, amounted to 1277.9 million rubles per year or 14.4 %. A sensitivity analysis confirmed the results.

Conclusion. Based on results, it can be concluded that the use of the drug anidulafungin (Eraxis®) in patients with invasive candidiasis is economically the preferred option compared to the use of current antibiotic therapy regimens.
Clinical and Research Utility of the Highly Sensitive Person Scale
Authors: Smith Heather L. , Sriken Julie , Erford Bradley T.
Published: October 2019

This psychometric synthesis reviewed all 29 articles meeting criteria and possessing psychometric results from the 20-year history (1997 to 2017) of the Highly Sensitive Person Scale (HSPS). Aggregated internal consistency (coefficient alpha) was .874. Convergent comparisons were provided between the HSPS total score and 12 measures of constructs similar to the sensory processing sensitivity construct. Structural validity primarily supported both the original one- and three-factor models, as did the pattern of high intra-subscale and total scale correlations, but a unidimensional interpretation is suggested given the low reliabilities for subscale scores. The HSPS performed adequately for a screening-level instrument. Mental health counselors are well suited to use the HSPS within their regular practice of assessing and valuing normal human development in addition to diagnosing and treating mental health disorders.
Counselors’ Neuroscience Conceptualizations of Depression
Authors: Field Thomas A. , Beeson Eric T. , Luke Chad , Ghoston Michelle , Golubovic Nedeljko
Published: October 2019

The authors conducted the first-ever study into counselor conceptualization of client problems using neuroscience theories. The authors selected an embedded mixed-methods design. Participants (N = 334) provided quantitative demographic information and responded to an open-ended qualitative question regarding a hypothetical situation of a client asking the counselor to explain depression from a neuroscience perspective. The authors coded, tallied, and transformed qualitative responses to quantitative data via frequency counts. Kappa coefficients for the coding team exceeded the threshold for acceptable reliability. Approximately half of the counselors applied neuroscience theories to explain client experiences of depression (57.7%, n = 194), and some counselors integrated multiple neuroscience theories in their response (23.2%, n = 45). The monoamine and neuroplasticity theories were the two most common neuroscience theories for depression. Implications for research and training are discussed.
SLOW FOOD KONSEPTİNE UYGUN RESTORANLARDA, ALGILANAN HİZMET KALİTESİNİN, MARKAYA YÖNELİK İMAJ, GÜVEN VE SADAKATE ETKİSİ: KÖYCEĞİZ İLÇESİNİ ZİYARET EDEN YABANCI TURİSTLER ÜZERİNDE BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: Uslu Abdullah , Karabulut Ali Naci
Published: October 2019

Restoran işletmeleri müşterilerine
sunmuş oldukları hizmeti oldukça özenli ve kaliteli bir şekilde gerçekleştirmek
durumundadırlar. Çünkü müşterilerin algıladıkları hizmet kalitesi, müşterilerin
ileriye dönük tercih ve davranışlarını etkileyebilmektedir. Literatürde algılanan
hizmet kalitesine, marka sadakati, marka güvenine ve marka imajına ilişkin
çalışmalar ayrı ayrı yapılmış olmasına rağmen, restoran işletmelerinde bu
değişkenler arası ilişkileri bir arada ele alan çalışmaların yetersiz kaldığı
göze çarpmaktadır. Bu sebeple çalışmada restoranların algılanan hizmet kalitesi
ile marka sadakati, marka güveni ve marka imajı ilişkilerini ortaya koymak
amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla, 210 kişilik bir örneklem üzerinde anket çalışması
yapılarak, Cittaslow adayı Köyceğiz ilçesinin göl kenarındaki slow food konseptine
uygun bir restoran işletmesine gelen yabancı turistlerin, algılanan hizmet
kalitesi, marka imajı, marka güveni ve marka sadakati düzeyleri ölçülmüştür.
Araştırma hipotezlerini test etmek için yapısal eşitlik modeline (YEM)
başvurulmuştur. Analiz sonuçlarına göre algılanan hizmet kalitesi ile marka
imajı, marka güveni ve marka sadakati değişkenleri arasında anlamlı ve pozitif
yönlü ilişkiler olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
KAMU POLİTİKASI AKTÖRÜ OLARAK DÜŞÜNCE KURULUŞLARI VE DEĞİŞEN ROLLERİ
Authors: DURNA Tuncay
Published: October 2019

Yirminci yüzyılın başlarında kamu politikaları konusunda siyasi karar vericiler için objektif ve akademik araştırmalara dayalı bilgi üretme amacı ile kurulan düşünce kuruluşlarının rolü 1970’li yıllarda savunucu düşünce kuruluşlarının ortaya çıkması ile birlikte güçlü bir ideolojik ve partizan pozisyon ile fikirlerin pazarlanmasına dönüşmüştür. Günümüzde popülizm ve otoriterleşme eğilimi ile birleşen post-truth dönem ise düşünce kuruluşları için yeni bir meydan okuma olup bu kuruluşların rolünün yeniden değerlendirilmesini gerektirmektedir. Düşünce kuruluşlarının iktidara karşı gerçekleri haykırması olarak ifade edilen “speaking truth to power”, otoriterleşen sistemlerde halka karşı gerçekleri haykırmaya (speaking truth to people) dönüşmelidir. Bu makalede bu yeni dönemde düşünce kuruluşlarının değişen rolü ve stratejileri tartışılacaktır.
Status of neurodevelopmental impairments among children using rapid neurodevelopmental assessment attending a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Uddin Mohammad Zahir , Rahman Muhammad Mizanur , Fatema Kanij , Khan ARM Sakhawat Hossain , Hossain Mohammad Monir , Saad Tania
Published: October 2019

Background: Developmental and childhood neuropsychiatric disorders have a large burden throughout the world, including the developing countries. Many children with clinically identifiable developmental problems present late for medical help due to lack of simple measures for their early recognition. These missed opportunities increase the level of dependence and disability of an individual and decrease the productivity of the community at large. So simple measures are needed to determine NDIs at an early age where professional expertise is sparse. Authors objective was to estimate the proportion of children having NDIs in a tertiary care hospital, and to estimate the specific types of NDIs, and their grades of severity, within the study population.Methods: It was a cross sectional study conducted at the Department of Pediatrics, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh and the duration of the study was six months. Children aged 0-2 years who were attending Pediatric OPD were included in the study. Sample was collected by lottery method and who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. A two-stage design was followed for detection of NDIs. Stage I was consisted of screening of all children in the sample by Development Screening Questionnaire (DSQ). Stage II consisted of neurodevelopmental assessment using a validated RNDA method of evaluation of all children with DSQ positive screening result.Results: 7.26% children were found to have DSQ positive for NDIs. Cognition and speech was the mostly affected domain. By RNDA, NDIs were found in all DSQ positive cases. Severe impairment was 35.29% of the affected children in speech by RNDA. Detection of NDIs was more in gross motor (52.94% vs 35.29%), fine motor (94.18% vs 17.65%), speech (76.47% vs 64.71%), cognition (94.18% vs 64.71%), behavior (58.82% vs 5.89%) respectively by RNDA than the DSQ.Conclusions: The frequency of NDIs is 7.26% of all children. In certain developmental domain (i.e. gross motor, fine motor, cognition, speech, behavior) RNDA is more effective than DSQ as found in the small-scale study.