bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic Performance of Artificial Intelligence in Rib Fracture Detection: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: van den Broek Marnix C. L. , Buijs Jorn H. , Schmitz Liselotte F. M. , Wijffels Mathieu M. E.
Published: January 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) is a promising tool for diagnosing rib fractures. To date, only a few studies have quantified its performance. The objective of this systematic review was to assess the accuracy of AI as an independent tool for rib fracture detection on CT scans or radiographs. This was defined as the combination of sensitivity and specificity. PubMed (including MEDLINE and PubMed Central) was systematically reviewed according to the PRISMA statement followed by citation searching among studies up to December 2022. Methods of the analysis and inclusion criteria were prespecified in a protocol and published on PROSPERO (CRD42023479590). Only diagnostic studies of independent AI tools for rib fracture detection on CT scans and X-rays reporting on sensitivity and/or specificity and written in English were included. Twelve studies met these criteria, which included 11,510 rib fractures in total. A quality assessment was performed using an altered version of QUADAS-2. Random-effects meta-analyses were performed on the included data. If specificity was not reported, it was calculated on a set of assumptions. Pooled sensitivity and specificity were 0.85 (95% CI, 0.78–0.92) and 0.96 (95% CI, 0.94–0.97), respectively. None of the included studies used X-rays. Thus, it can be concluded that AI is accurate in detecting rib fractures on CT scans. Overall, these findings seemed quite robust, as can be concluded from the study quality assessment, therefore AI could potentially play a substantial role in the future of radiological diagnostics.
An Efficient Trajectory Planning Approach for Autonomous Ground Vehicles Using Improved Artificial Potential Field
Authors: Jin Xianjian , Li Zhiwei , Opinat Ikiela Nonsly Valerienne , He Xiongkui , Wang Zhaoran , Tao Yinchen , Lv Huaizhen
Published: January 2024

In this paper, the concept of symmetry is utilized in the promising trajectory planning design of autonomous ground vehicles—that is, the construction and the solution of improved artificial potential field-based trajectory planning approach are symmetrical. Despite existing artificial potential fields (APF) achievements on trajectory planning in autonomous ground vehicles (AGV), applying the traditional approach to dynamic traffic scenarios is inappropriate without considering vehicle dynamics environment and road regulations. This paper introduces a highly efficient approach for planning trajectories using improved artificial potential fields (IAPF) to handle dynamic road participants and address the issue of local minima in artificial potential fields. To begin with, potential fields are created with data obtained from other sensors. By incorporating rotational factors, the potential field will spin when the obstacle executes a maneuver; then, a safety distance model is also developed to limit the range of influence in order to minimize the computational burden. Furthermore, during the planning process, virtual forces using the gradient descent method are generated to direct the vehicle’s movement. During each timestep, the vehicle will assess whether it is likely to encounter a local minimum in the future. Once a local minimum is discovered, the method will create multiple temporary objectives to guide the vehicle toward the global minimum. Consequently, a trajectory that is both collision-free and feasible is planned. Traffic scenarios are carried out to validate the effectiveness of the proposed approach. The simulation results demonstrate that the improved artificial potential field approach is capable of generating a secure trajectory with both comfort and stability.
Molecular Phylogeny, Morphology, Growth and Toxicity of Three Benthic Dinoflagellates Ostreopsis sp. 9, Prorocentrum lima and Coolia monotis Developing in Strait of Gibraltar, Southwestern Mediterranean
Authors: Ibghi Mustapha , Rijal Leblad Benlahcen , L’Bachir El Kbiach Mohammed , Aboualaalaa Hicham , Daoudi Mouna , Masseret Estelle , Le Floc’h Emilie , Hervé Fabienne , Bilien Gwenael , Chomerat Nicolas , Amzil Zouher , Laabir Mohamed
Published: January 2024

Few works have been carried out on benthic harmful algal blooms (BHAB) species in the southern Mediterranean and no data are available for the highly dynamic Strait of Gibraltar (western Mediterranean waters). For the first time, Ostreopsis sp. 9, Prorocentrum lima and Coolia monotis were isolated in this key region in terms of exchanges between the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean and subject to intense maritime traffic. Ribotyping confirmed the morphological identification of these three dinoflagellates species. Monoclonal cultures were established and the maximum growth rate and cell yield were measured at a temperature of 24 °C and an irradiance of 90 µmol photons m−2 s−1, for each species: 0.26 ± 0.02 d−1 (8.75 × 103 cell mL−1 after 28 days) for Ostreopsis sp. 9, 0.21 ± 0.01 d−1 (49 × 103 cell mL−1 after 145 days) for P. lima and 0.21 ± 0.01 d−1 (10.02 × 103 cell mL−1 after 28 days) for C. monotis. Only P. lima was toxic with concentrations of okadaic acid and dinophysistoxin-1 measured in optimal growth conditions ranging from 6.4 pg cell−1 to 26.97 pg cell−1 and from 5.19 to 25.27 pg cell−1, respectively. The toxin content of this species varied in function of the growth phase. Temperature influenced the growth and toxin content of P. lima. Results suggest that future warming of Mediterranean coastal waters may lead to higher growth rates and to increases in cellular toxin levels in P. lima. Nitrate and ammonia affected the toxin content of P. lima but no clear trend was noted. In further studies, we have to isolate other BHAB species and strains from Strait of Gibraltar waters to obtain more insight into their diversity and toxicity.
Mercury’s Bow Shock and Magnetopause Variations According to MESSENGER Data
Authors: Nevsky Dmitry , Lavrukhin Alexander , Alexeev Igor
Published: January 2024

Using data from the MESSENGER spacecraft magnetometer that describes the magnetopause and the bow shock crossing points of the Mercury’s magnetosphere, we have calculated the parameters of the paraboloids of revolution approximating the obtained points. For each spacecraft orbit, the subsolar magnetopause and bow shock standoff distances were obtained, based on the paraboloid parameters for each crossing point. The dependences of the magnetopause and bow shock subsolar standoff distances on the Mercury’s position relative to the Sun have been obtained. These profiles agree with decreases of the solar wind plasma dynamic pressure and the interplanetary magnetic field strength with heliocentric distance. The variations of the interplanetary and magnetosheath magnetic field were investigated. The average subsolar magnetosheath thickness and the value of the magnetic field jump at the bow shock during the transition from the upstream interplanetary magnetic field region to the magnetosheath were obtained.
Update of Natural Products and Their Derivatives Targeting Epstein–Barr Infection
Authors: Pennisi Rosamaria , Trischitta Paola , Costa Marianna , Venuti Assunta , Tamburello Maria Pia , Sciortino Maria Teresa
Published: January 2024

Epstein–Barr (EBV) is a human γ-herpesvirus that undergoes both a productive (lytic) cycle and a non-productive (latent) phase. The virus establishes enduring latent infection in B lymphocytes and productive infection in the oral mucosal epithelium. Like other herpesviruses, EBV expresses its genes in a coordinated pattern during acute infection. Unlike others, it replicates its DNA during latency to maintain the viral genome in an expanding pool of B lymphocytes, which are stimulated to divide upon infection. The reactivation from the latent state is associated with a productive gene expression pattern mediated by virus-encoded transcriptional activators BZLF-1 and BRLF-1. EBV is a highly transforming virus that contributes to the development of human lymphomas. Though viral vectors and mRNA platforms have been used to develop an EBV prophylactic vaccine, currently, there are no vaccines or antiviral drugs for the prophylaxis or treatment of EBV infection and EBV-associated cancers. Natural products and bioactive compounds are widely studied for their antiviral potential and capability to modulate intracellular signaling pathways. This review was intended to collect information on plant-derived products showing their antiviral activity against EBV and evaluate their feasibility as an alternative or adjuvant therapy against EBV infections and correlated oncogenesis in humans.
Characteristics of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections in Children in the Post-COVID Seasons: A Northern Italy Hospital Experience
Authors: Treggiari Davide , Pomari Chiara , Zavarise Giorgio , Piubelli Chiara , Formenti Fabio , Perandin Francesca
Published: January 2024

Background: Public health measures for COVID-19 mitigation influenced the circulation of Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) during the 2020–2021 winter season. In the following autumn, an unprecedented resurgence of RSV occurred. Our study monitored RSV pediatric infections one and two years after the relaxation of containment measures for the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: We analyzed diagnostic molecular data for SARS-CoV-2, flu, and RSV infections and clinical data from children with respiratory symptoms referring to our hospital during the 2021–2022 and 2022–2023 seasons. Results: In the 2021–2022 season, the number of RSV-affected children was very high, especially for babies <1 year. The outbreak appeared in a shorter interval of time, with a high clinical severity. In the 2022–23 season, a reduced number of infected pediatric patients were detected, with a similar hospitalization rate (46% vs. 40%), and RSV accounted for 12% of the infections. Coinfections were observed in age <2 years. In RSV patients, symptoms were similar across the two seasons. Conclusions: The clinical presentation of RSV in the two post-COVID seasons suggests that the pathophysiology of the virus did not change across these two years. Further studies are needed to continuously monitor RSV to support an effective prevention strategy.
Current Progress of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus (SFTSV) Vaccine Development
Authors: Kim Dokyun , Lai Chih-Jen , Cha Inho , Jung Jae U.
Published: January 2024

SFTSV is an emerging tick-borne virus causing hemorrhagic fever with a case fatality rate (CFR) that can reach up to 27%. With endemic infection in East Asia and the recent spread of the vector tick to more than 20 states in the United States, the SFTSV outbreak is a globally growing public health concern. However, there is currently no targeted antiviral therapy or licensed vaccine against SFTSV. Considering the age-dependent SFTS pathogenesis and disease outcome, a sophisticated vaccine development approach is required to safeguard the elderly population from lethal SFTSV infection. Given the recent emergence of SFTSV, the establishment of animal models to study immunogenicity and protection from SFTS symptoms has only occurred recently. The latest research efforts have applied diverse vaccine development approaches—including live-attenuated vaccine, DNA vaccine, whole inactivated virus vaccine, viral vector vaccine, protein subunit vaccine, and mRNA vaccine—in the quest to develop a safe and effective vaccine against SFTSV. This review aims to outline the current progress in SFTSV vaccine development and suggest future directions to enhance the safety and efficacy of these vaccines, ensuring their suitability for clinical application.
Equine Rotavirus A under the One Health Lens: Potential Impacts on Public Health
Authors: Carossino Mariano , Vissani Maria Aldana , Barrandeguy Maria E. , Balasuriya Udeni B. R. , Parreño Viviana
Published: January 2024

Group A rotaviruses are a well-known cause of viral gastroenteritis in infants and children, as well as in many mammalian species and birds, affecting them at a young age. This group of viruses has a double-stranded, segmented RNA genome with high genetic diversity linked to point mutations, recombination, and, importantly, reassortment. While initial molecular investigations undertaken in the 1900s suggested host range restriction among group A rotaviruses based on the fact that different gene segments were distributed among different animal species, recent molecular surveillance and genome constellation genotyping studies conducted by the Rotavirus Classification Working Group (RCWG) have shown that animal rotaviruses serve as a source of diversification of human rotavirus A, highlighting their zoonotic potential. Rotaviruses occurring in various animal species have been linked with contributing genetic material to human rotaviruses, including horses, with the most recent identification of equine-like G3 rotavirus A infecting children. The goal of this article is to review relevant information related to rotavirus structure/genomic organization, epidemiology (with a focus on human and equine rotavirus A), evolution, inter-species transmission, and the potential zoonotic role of equine and other animal rotaviruses. Diagnostics, surveillance and the current status of human and livestock vaccines against RVA are also reviewed.
Evaluation of Subdaily Hydrological Regime Alteration Characteristics for Hydro–Photovoltaic Complementary Operation in the Upper Yellow River
Authors: Zhang Guoyong , Gu Hongbin , Wang Weiying , Zhang Silong , Xue Lianfang
Published: January 2024

The complementary operation of hydropower and photovoltaic power, aimed at meeting real-time demand, has led to frequent adjustments in power generation, causing significant fluctuations in hydrological systems and adversely affecting fish reproduction. The traditional hydrological regime alteration assessment index is based on index of hydrologic alternation (IHA) and mostly focuses on annual and daily runoff alterations. This study proposes a new set of indicators considering the characteristics of subdaily hydrological regime alterations, including magnitude, rate of change, duration, frequency, and timing. Using the hourly outflow from Longyangxia, an analysis of indicator redundancy was conducted. The alteration of the indicators before and after hydropower and photovoltaic operation was then analyzed using the cumulative probability distribution curve. Additionally, a concentration index was introduced to analyze the variations in hydrological impacts during different months. The results show that the hydro–photovoltaic complementary operation changed the subdaily natural flow regime, significantly increasing the rate of flow increase or decrease and the duration, with most indexes increasing by more than 100% compared with the natural flow regime. Furthermore, the concentration values of the indexes for the hydro–photovoltaic complementary operation were less than 10, indicating a more significant impact on the subdaily flow regime throughout the year. This research provides crucial data for mitigating ecological impacts under multi-source complementary scheduling.
Review of Recent Developments in Hydrologic Forecast Merging Techniques
Authors: Sheikh Md Rasel , Coulibaly Paulin
Published: January 2024

Accurate forecasting in hydrologic modeling is crucial for sustainable water resource management across various sectors, where predicting extreme flow phases holds particular significance due to their severe impact on the territory. Due to the inherent uncertainties in hydrologic forecasting, relying solely on a single rainfall–runoff model may not provide reliable predictions. To address this challenge, over the years, researchers have developed and applied hydrologic forecast merging (HFM) techniques that combine multiple models or ensembles to enhance forecast accuracy, reduce uncertainty, and increase confidence in the forecast. This review summarizes the progress in HFM techniques since the early 1990s and covers developments and applications in flow simulation, uncertainty analysis, monthly and seasonal streamflow predictions, ensemble forecasts, flood forecasting, and climate change analysis. The findings indicate that while HFM techniques outperform individual models regarding forecasting efficiency, their performance across applications is not uniform. Among the different methods, Bayesian model averaging (BMA) is the most popular due to its ability to reduce uncertainty and provide accurate and reliable forecasts in deterministic and probabilistic simulations. With their application simplicity, regression techniques are also robust and efficient as they perform competitively well across different model-merging applications. While specific techniques, such as model-dependent weighted averaging and neural network methods, effectively reduce forecast uncertainty, there is still room for improving forecast accuracy across different lead times. Future research can focus on advanced HFM techniques for estimating optimal weights in time-varying domains and overcoming limitations, like simulating low flows in seasonally dry catchments.
GP perceptions of informal peer support in primary care: a qualitative study
Authors: Hussan Aminah , Satheeskaran Maya , Dho Hajin , Basu Avishek , Fazaldin Yunis , Tariq Samir , Farkas Maria
Published: January 2024

Background

Burnout is on the rise among GPs in the UK. One approach to mitigating burnout in GPs is through informal peer support (IPS). This refers to GPs informally supporting each other on an informational (advice) and emotional (venting and reflection) basis.

Aim

To explore GPs’ perceptions of how IPS manifests in the primary care setting and what factors influence effective GP engagement with IPS.

Design & setting

A qualitative study utilising semi-structured interviews to develop an in-depth understanding of GPs’ perceptions of IPS, based on their experiences in practices across England.

Method

Fifteen GPs were purposively sampled to include the views of locum, salaried, and trainee GPs and GP partners. Semi-structured interviews were conducted, recorded, and transcribed verbatim. Transcripts were analysed using inductive thematic analysis.

Results

Four types of IPS were identified relating to emotional support, professional advice, sharing of workload, and mentorship, which reflect existing literature. The frequency and efficacy of IPS was found to be influenced by several factors categorised into individual traits, practice culture, and occupation.

Conclusion

The results highlight where efforts should be directed to improve GP engagement with IPS. Specifically, GP leaders have an important role in shaping practice culture and fostering an environment for IPS to occur. Practices may also benefit from introducing professional development measures targeted at training GPs to better support each other based on their individual traits.
A more original version of the Homilia sacra in ms. Köln, Dombibliothek, 117. Introduction, critical edition, and discussion of its relation to the Scarapsus
Authors: Partoens Gert , De Maeyer Nicolas
Published: January 2024

The Homilia sacra is an anonymous late antique or early medieval sermon previously known via only one manuscript (Copenhagen, Kongelige Bibliotek, Gl. Kgl. Saml. 1943. 4°, 9th c.), which draws on a variety of sources (including Caesarius of Arles’ sermons and Martin of Braga’s De correctione rusticorum) and shares several passages with the so-called Scarapsus, a catechetical homily often – though mistakenly – attributed to St. Pirminius († 753 [ ?]). This article presents the discovery of a second, much longer version of the Homilia sacra, preserved in ms. Köln, Dombibliothek, 117 (9th c.), and discusses its contents, structure, and sources as well as the relation (1) between the two versions of the Homilia sacra and (2) between the Homilia sacra and the Scarapsus. A critical edition of the second version of the Homilia sacra as well as a new transcription of the Copenhagen version are provided at the end of the article.
Non vivens nisi per unum diem. A Winged Aquatic Animal on Its Way from Aristotle to Thomas of Cantimpré
Authors: Šedinová Hana
Published: January 2024

Apart from more or less well-known names of animals which are attested already in the Classical Latin and whose origins and meanings have been studied and traced by modern scholars, it is possible to find in medieval encyclopaedias other expressions that still lack a proper explanation of their etymology and meaning. Many unusual terms can be found in the encyclopaedia Liber de natura rerum written by Thomas of Cantimpré (13th century). Although modern researchers have gradually discovered that the curious animals were originally the species described by ancient natural scientists, medieval encyclopaedists could not decipher the unfamiliar names. One of these new terms is the name dies which denotes an unknown winged fish in medieval Latin encyclopaedias and glossaries. Thomas of Cantimpré invoked Aristotle to validate the information about the creature and modern researches have assumed that Thomas’ source was a passage concerning mayfly in the fifth book of Aristotle’s Historia animalium and that the word dies is a direct equivalent of the Greek ἐφήμερον, «mayfly » . In fact, Thomas found this term and the description of the animal in the Book I of Latin version of Aristotle’s Historia animalium, translated by Michael Scotus around 1220 from Arabic. Aristotle’s description of a bloodless animal endowed with four legs and four wings, which only lives one day after it reaches maturity, kept its original sense in the Arabic version of his treatise, in which the Greek adjective ἐφήμερον, «one-day » , was replaced with the Arabic equivalent yaumī of the same meaning. Michael Scotus also translated the name, replacing the adjective with the noun dies, «day » . Thomas of Cantimpré, consequently, accepted Michael’s description, but asserted that dies is a bloodless marine fish which only lives one day and has two wings and two legs. His description of a «new » creature fascinated both the authors of encyclopaedic works (Albert the Great, Vincent of Beauvais, Jacob van Maerlant) and the medieval illustrators who depicted the dies as a hybrid with a fish head, tail and scales, with strong legs resembling lion’s paws, and with two massive feathered wings which allow it to fly over expanses of water.
Annotation of the Etymologiae of Isidore of Seville in Its Early Medieval Context
Authors: Steinová Evina
Published: January 2024

Cet article propose un inventaire des manuscrits annotés des Etymologies d’Isidore de Séville antérieurs à 1200. Il commente la nature et le contenu des annotations, en montrant que les Etymologies ont été surtout annotées pendant la période du haut Moyen Âge. On distingue trois contextes d’annotation différents : le monde insulaire, peut-être dans le sillage de l’introduction de cette encyclopédie d’Isidore en Irlande ; la France du Nord carolingienne, après l’introduction dans les écoles du De grammatica (Etymologies I) ; et les érudits d’Italie du Nord pré-carolingienne et carolingienne. Dans une moindre mesure, les Etymologies furent aussi annotées dans l’espace germanique et l’Espagne septentrionale. Les trois principaux contextes d’annotation se distinguent les uns des autres par leur intérêt pour des sections différentes des Etymologies et par des manières d’annoter différentes. Les interconnexions entre ces trois courants d’annotations sont très limitées. La seule région où un réel mélange se produit est la Bretagne. Les différences régionales et la circulation limitée des gloses hors de leur région d’origine laissent penser qu’il existait plusieurs formes de réception différentes des Etymologies au haut Moyen Âge. Cet article comporte une liste des 45 manuscrits annotés des Etymologies antérieurs à 1200 les plus importants.
Voir ou lire ? Note sur le sens du verbe videre dans les souscriptions de chartes
Authors: Declercq Georges
Published: January 2024

Selon Paul Saenger la pratique de la lecture silencieuse est une conséquence directe de la séparation des mots, introduite par des scribes insulaires dès le VIIe siècle. Cette innovation aurait également eu des répercussions sur le vocabulaire de la lecture. Paul Saenger pense notamment que le verbe videre serait devenu un synonyme de legere. Parmi les exemples qu’il cite figure la formule «vidi et notavi » utilisée dans les souscriptions de chartes à l’abbaye Saint-Pierre de Gand au XIe siècle. L’objectif de ce bref article est de montrer que cette interprétation n’est pas justifiée et que le verbe videre a gardé son sens classique de voir dans les souscriptions de chartes.
Uno sconosciuto trattato ortografico di Giorgio Valla : il De recto modo scribendi liber (ante 1469)
Authors: Laneri Maria Teresa
Published: January 2024

L’articolo presenta un trattato di ortografia latina di Giorgio Valla rimasto finora sconosciuto. Questo scritto è giunto in due versioni, ciascuna attestata da un solo testimone : il ms. Schlägl, Cpl. 153 e il ms. Toledo, BCT 99-29. Dopo una descrizione dei codici, se ne analizza il contenuto partendo da un confronto con la successiva e assai più breve opera a stampa dello stesso autore : il De ratione scribendi. Il nucleo del lavoro è costituito dall’esame delle due versioni manoscritte, con particolare attenzione all’atteggiamento dell’autore nell’affrontare la materia, alle fonti e alla diversa destinazione. Il codice di Schlägl si dimostrerà infatti la copia di un testo approntato da Valla per i suoi studenti, fatta probabilmente eseguire da Giovanni di Rabenstein ; il codice di Toledo una revisione corretta e ampliata di quel testo, che Valla allestì per farne dono al conte Giovanni Attendolo Bolognini.
Neue Wörter für neue Dinge im Neustlatein (19. bis 21. Jh.)
Authors: Roelli Philipp
Published: January 2024

Solange eine Sprache, die nicht mehr als Muttersprache gelernt wird, fixiert zum weitverbreiteten intellektuellen Gebrauch in einer Gesellschaft weiterlebt, findet sie problemlos Strategien neue Dinge zu benennen (genauso wie lebendige Sprachen). Für Latein ist dieser Zustand in Mittelalter gut bekannt und erforscht. Doch was geschieht, wenn die fixierte Sprache nur mehr in immer weniger gesellschaftlichen Nischen Verwendung findet, wie dies mit Latein ab dem 19. Jh. passiert ? In diesem Beitrag werden Stichproben der Wortbildung aus drei Bereichen analysiert um diese Frage anzugehen : ein Sample von vier Doktorarbeiten des 19. Jhs., ein jesuitisches Philosophielehrbuch des 20. Jhs., sowie das Latein der heutigen Vicipaedia. Die gefundenen vorher nicht attestierten Wörter werden mit den Wortbildungsregeln zeitgenössischer ciceronianischer Antibarbari verglichen. Es zeigt sich, dass ein pragmatisches Vorgehen, das aber oft gegen die Antibarbarusregeln verstößt, lateinische Kommunikation auch in gänzlich neuartigen Themenbereichen problemlos möglich machte und diese auch heute durchaus noch in substantiellem Umfang erfolgreich betrieben wird. Dabei werden oft griechische Wortbestandteile, neue Komposita und Suffixbildungen verwendet um neue Wörter zu bilden.
Estudantes contemporâneos e os desafios educacionais criativos: práticas docentes associadas aos jogos de RPG
Authors: Pool Mário Augusto Pires , Leite Clarice Caldeira , Gregório José Ribeiro , Streit Lívia
Published: January 2024

O presente trabalho busca enfatizar a importância da prática do RPG (Role Playing Game) como ferramenta didática transdisciplinar em sala de aula aliando o lúdico a saberes conceituais de modo a potencializar o processo de ensino-aprendizagem dos alunos.
Tempo de jejum e intensidade de sede na parturiente: estudo transversal
Authors: Godoy Rafael Silva , De Godoi Danieli Marques , Dock-Nascimento Diana Borges , De Aguilar-Nascimento José Eduardo
Published: January 2024

Objetivo: Avaliar o tempo de jejum em parturientes no centro obstétrico e sua associação com a intensidade da sede. Método: Foram incluídas parturientes admitidas para parto cesáreo ou normal, idade materna entre 18-40 anos e gestação a termo. Foi registrado o horário da última ingestão de comida e bebida antes do parto. A seguir aplicou-se uma escala visual analógica para avaliar a intensidade da sede.  A principal variável de desfecho foi o tempo de jejum pré-parto para sólidos (classificado em 3 categorias: 0-6, 6,1-11,9 e ≥ 12 horas) e líquidos (classificado em 4 categorias: 0-2h, 2,1-6h, 6,1-11,9 h e ≥ 12 horas).  Secundariamente, o tempo de jejum para sólidos e para líquidos foi associado à intensidade de sede relatada. Resultados: Foram avaliados 297 casos, com idade mediana de 26 anos e paridade mediana de 2. O parto cesáreo (53,5%) foi mais frequente que o parto normal (46,5%).  O tempo médio de jejum da amostra foi de 11,0 (± 5,9) horas para sólidos e 6,6 (± 5,7) horas para líquidos, sendo que o grupo parto de cesáreo apresentou maior tempo de jejum para sólidos e líquidos.  A intensidade da sede foi 4,4 vezes maior em pacientes com jejum prolongado de sólidos (OR  4,45; IC 95%: 3,70-5,20; p<0,001) e quase 5 vezes maior em jejum de líquidos (OR 4,99; IC 95%: 4,46-5,53; p<0,001). Conclusão: O tempo de jejum da parturiente no pré-parto geralmente é prolongado e a intensidade da sede aumenta com o tamanho do jejum, especialmente em pacientes submetidas à cesárea.
Turismo e resiliência: ações da defesa civil diante de eventos adversos nos destinos turísticos do MA, RN e RR
Authors: Da Câmara Ana Raquel Amorim , Chaves Janete Rodrigues de Vasconcelos , Dinelli Loren Caroline Ferreira , Sonaglio Kerlei Eniele
Published: January 2024

O estudo propôs-se a identificar, sob a ótica da resiliência, as ações estratégicas da Defesa Civil diante de eventos adversos naturais nos destinos turísticos do Maranhão, Rio Grande do Norte e Roraima. Para tanto, foram definidos como procedimentos metodológicos, a pesquisa exploratório-descritiva, com abordagem quali-quantitativa, sob o uso das pesquisas bibliográfica, eletrônica e documental, tendo como bases as informações oficiais obtidas através do Ministério do Turismo, do Ministério do Desenvolvimento Regional, da Secretaria Nacional de Proteção e Defesa Civil e dos órgãos estaduais a ela subordinados, cujos dados foram analisados por meio da análise de conteúdo. Como principais resultados, a pesquisa identificou que cabe à Defesa Civil ordenar e coordenar ações de prevenção e assistencialismo em casos de ocorrência de eventos adversos em todo o território brasileiro, de forma integrada, descentralizada e resiliente e que ainda há maior registro de ações de resposta a eventos adversos naturais pela Defesa Civil em esfera local, que estratégias resilientes antecipativas, permitindo a compreensão da necessidade do fortalecimento das ações que visam a descentralização e o planejamento resiliente das regiões turísticas, para que elas se tornem aptas a adotar ações assertivas frente a adversidades naturais.
Prácticas formativas y desafíos de las humanidades en la era de la productividad - reflexiones desde Chile
Authors: Vergara Marcela Gaete
Published: January 2024

Este escrito presenta una reflexión y una invitación a peguntarnos qué defendemos cuándo argumentamos en favor de las humanidades. La invitación más amplia es a reflexionar sobre el lugar de las humanidades en la formación profesional universitaria, las causas y consecuencias de dicho lugar. Desde una vereda más específica, a pensar en las prácticas de formación de licenciados/as en humanidades al interior de las universidades: ¿Cómo se les forma y se les ha formado? ¿Dicha formación es humanista en virtud de sus contenidos de estudio o de sus prácticas? ¿Qué tan humanista puede ser hoy la formación al interior de universidades acorraladas por prácticas neoliberales de productividad, rendimiento y autofinanciación? ¿Cuáles son los desafíos que demanda la formación en humanidades tanto de profesionales como de licenciados/as en humanidades en el presente?
Pt–Se Hybrid Nanozymes with Potent Catalytic Activities to Scavenge ROS/RONS and Regulate Macrophage Polarization for Osteoarthritis Therapy
Authors: Wei Hong , Huang Hongjun , He Haoqiang , Xiao Yuanming , Chun Lu , Jin Zhiqiang , Li Hanyang , Zheng Li , Zhao Jinmin , Qin Zainen
Published: January 2024

The activation of pro-inflammatory M1-type macrophages by overexpression of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RONS) in synovial membranes contributes to osteoarthritis (OA) progression and cartilage matrix degradation. Here, combing Pt and Se with potent catalytic activities, we developed a hybrid Pt–Se nanozymes as ROS and RONS scavengers to exert synergistic effects for OA therapy. As a result, Pt–Se nanozymes exhibited efficient scavenging effect on ROS and RONS levels, leading to repolarization of M1-type macrophages. Furthermore, the polarization of synovial macrophages to the M2 phenotype inhibited the expression of pro-inflammatory factors and salvaged mitochondrial function in arthritic chondrocytes. In vivo results also suggest that Pt–Se nanozymes effectively suppress the early progression of OA with an Osteoarthritis Research International Association score reduction of 68.21% and 82.66% for 4 and 8 weeks, respectively. In conclusion, this study provides a promising strategy to regulate inflammatory responses by macrophage repolarization processes for OA therapeutic.
Artificial intelligence as a creator of journalistic content
Authors: Nagyová Patrícia , Hudíková Zora
Published: January 2024

The advent of Artificial Intelligence (AI) is gradually reshaping society and impacting more and more areas, not excluding media. However, if we want to exploit the potential of this new technological phenomenon as effectively as possible, and in order to maintain established norms of media production, it is necessary to examine the capabilities of AI tools and compare them with human creations. One popular AI tool is ChatGPT. In media production, it is used, for example, in the creation of journalistic texts, as it is specialized to generate texts in a ‘human way’ based on input data. Therefore, the research paper aims to assess this AI tool in the context of the criteria of press release production as a basic journalistic genre. The object of investigation is to assess and evaluate the fulfilment of the basic criteria set for a quality press release, for two groups of media content – human-generated and ChatGPT-generated. In the evaluation, the authors will emphasize the fulfillment of the specific criteria formulated in the assignment, noting also the AI’s ability to learn and improve its creations. In its theoretical framework and analytical argumentation, the paper draws on existing knowledge from the literature, including scholarly studies by experts such as H. Pravdová (2016), T. Rončáková (2011), B. Jones et al. (2022), A. Tušer (2010), J. Mistrík (1989), M. Richter (2023), A. Kellerman (2023), B. Dhiman (2023), D. Zagorulko (2023) and others.
Crisis communication in the creative industry: Specifics of B2B and B2C communication of advertising agencies
Authors: Števčat Szabóová Veronika
Published: January 2024

The article discusses the specifics of crisis communication in the creative industry, more particularly in the communication of advertising and creative marketing agencies on the Slovak market. The main focus is on the business-to-business (B2B) and business-to-customer (B2C) communication of advertising agencies. The content and the findings of the article are related to the author’s previous articles (Szabóová & Spálová, 2019; Szabóová, 2019) in which the author defines how creative employees or rather employees in advertising agencies perceive the crisis, maps the level and nature of the staffing and material provision of crisis communication in advertising agencies, etc. The author equally reflects on differences between the nature of crisis communication in the creative industry mapped by the author and between the anchoring of crisis communication by recognized and quoted experts (e.g., Chalupa, Chudinová, Vymětal, Bednář, and others) who perceive crisis communication rather as a field of management and crisis management of companies with an automatic transition to crisis communication with media. The article is comprised of selected findings and conclusions from the author’s dissertation (Szabóová, 2021) in which, based on the results of the research, the author defines the frequency of crisis communication, although not in general, but specifically in the B2B and B2C spheres in agencies, followed by the causes of the crisis in the observed spheres, tools of crisis communication, the specifics as well as the differences.
Innovative technology in the revitalization of art marketing communication in cultural institutions
Authors: Štosel Marek , Spálová Lucia
Published: January 2024

Currently – and more than ever – we are witnessing a rapid rise of digital transformation of hybrid means of communication in cultural and historical monuments. As a result of the recent uncomfortable situation, cultural and historical sites re-evaluated their rigorous attitudes towards contemporary modernity. Thanks to these changes, they vehemently entered a prosperous phase of technological progress. It is mainly the Slovak castles, which can be identified as museum exhibits that have shown that they are able to respond to the current visitor needs, which are triggered by their demand. However, it is debatable whether such congruences are reliable, effective, valuable and profitable from the point of view of art marketing and art marketing communication. For this reason, the aim of this scientific study was to find out what marketing and communication tools are used by select Slovak cultural and historical monuments in the context of support, development and revitalization of art marketing communication. We will also look into whether Trenčín Castle, Čachtice Castle and Beckov Castle consistently prefer the interaction and participation with visitors through traditional digital communication media only, or whether they simultaneously employ other more sophisticated interactive tools, such as extended (augmented) reality, which is influenced by artificial intelligence. We collected our data through preselected research methods. The case study as a qualitative method (strategy) was the primary technique for collecting empirical data. This was supplemented with other compatible methodological partialities, such as observation, interview and subsequent analysis, and interpretation and comparison of data.
Renal insufficiency in breast cancer patients; a review study
Authors: Moradi Nahid , Izadi Shahrzad , Hemmati Hamid Reza
Published: January 2024

The latest statistics and estimations indicated that breast cancer occurs in one-fourth of women worldwide and is responsible for one in six cancer deaths among women. A bilateral relationship seems to exist between breast cancer pathophysiology and kidney failure. Consideration should be given to this relationship when selecting a treatment protocol. This paper reviews the association between these two factors in breast cancer patients. There are many aspects to consider in the association between breast cancer and renal insufficiency. A breast cancer patient with normal kidney function is at risk of developing kidney failure due to paraneoplastic syndromes, hypercalcemia, and in rare cases, tumor lysis syndrome (TLS). In defining the optimal treatment protocol for each breast cancer patient, clinicians should consider the patient’s basal glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Frequent renal clearance monitoring and taking immediate action at the time GFR begins to decrease will lower the rate of kidney failure in breast cancer patients. Lastly, patients with chronic kidney disease who are recently diagnosed with breast cancer may have higher morbidity and mortality compared to breast cancer patients with normal GFR. Further investigation is needed to lower morbidity and mortality in such patients.
Netflix como a plataforma da nostalgia “invertida”
Authors: Cirne Maximiano Duval da Silva , Fischer Gustavo Daudt
Published: January 2024

Discutimos, a partir de uma breve flânerie em imagens associadas à Netflix pela experiência de navegação na plataforma e através de publicações nas redes sociais, a ideia de uma “inversão” dos sentidos que associam inicialmente a nostalgia à dor melancólica pela passagem do tempo para tornar-se uma prática comunicativa cujo intuito é gerar bem-estar e interação com o público. Enquanto tendência da cultura audiovisual voltada ao consumo de experiências saudosistas, a Netflix emerge em nossos resultados, com destaque para a série Stranger things (2016), como a plataforma da nostalgia “invertida”, uma vez que tenciona os sentidos mais usuais do termo.
Curadoria no streaming
Authors: Esteves Ana Camila De Souza
Published: January 2024

Considerando as disputas em torno do conceito de curadoria no contexto midiático contemporâneo, este artigo busca contribuir com a discussão ao apresentar algumas notas de análise sobre práticas curatoriais no universo do streaming. A partir da atuação da Netflix, proponho o tensionamento da própria ideia de curadoria ao defender que a empresa norte-americana oferece uma estratégia curatorial de conteúdos para o seus diferentes públicos (alcançados e a alcançar) para além das lógicas algorítmicas dos serviços VOD. Conto com a colaboração das reflexões teóricas de Amanda Lotz (2017, 2021) sobre a Netflix como curadora de audiovisual em nível global, e de outros teóricos do streaming como Ramon Lobato (2019) e Mattias Frey (2021) sobre a natureza desses serviços e a dimensão curatorial de suas atuações no mercado.
COVID-19'UN BULAŞMA İLE İLGİLİ ÖZELLİKLERİ: PROSPEKTİF HANEHALKI ARAŞTIRMASI
Authors: Erik Hanife Ece , Özaltun Şahin Can , Atılmış Duygu , Telli Gülçin , Karahan Gizem , Toker Önder İlke , Alp Alpaslan , Akın Levent
Published: January 2024

Hane içi bulaş çalışmaları birçok çevresel değişkeni kontrol ederek, bulaşıcı hastalıkların epidemiyolojik ve klinik özelliklerini incelenmek için uygun bir ortam sağlamaktadır. SARS-CoV-2'nin hane içi bulaşma dinamiklerinin incelenmesi, uygun önleme ve kontrol politikalarının oluşturulması açısından önemlidir. Bu çalışma indeks vakaların demografik ve davranışsal özelliklerini ve hane halkı temaslılarını değerlendiren vaka bazlı prospektif bir çalışmadır. Çalışma, Dünya Sağlık Örgütü'nün hazırladığı ve COVID-19’un hane içi bulaşını değerlendiren standart bir protokolden uyarlanmıştır. Temaslı kişilere RT-PCR testi yapılmıştır. Ayrıca katılımcılara anket formu uygulanmıştır. Hane içi bulaşmayı değerlendirmek için Sekonder Atak Hızı (SAR) hesaplanmıştır. Çalışmada tanımlayıcı analizler yapılmış, ayrıca Ki-kare testi ve Lojistik Regresyon analizi kullanılmıştır. Çalışmaya 42 indeks vaka ve 112 temaslı dahil edilmiştir. İndeks olguların %43'ü ve temaslıların %54'ü kadındır. İndeks olguların ortanca yaşı 40,5, temaslıların yaşı ise 34,5'tir. Sekonder atak hızı %25’dir. Kadın indeks vakaların temaslılarında, kalabalık ailelerde yaşayanlarda, indeks olguların eş veya çocuğunda enfeksiyon riski daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Kalabalık evlerde yaşamanın enfeksiyon bulaşmasında en önemli risk faktörü olduğu belirlenmiştir. Sosyal teması azaltmaya yönelik evde kalma önlemleri, evdeki bulaşmanın artmasına neden olabilmektedir. Pandemi sürecinde sosyal temasın azaltılmasının yanı sıra yurt içi bulaşın önlenmesine yönelik politikalar geliştirilmelidir. Evde maske kullanmak, evi sık sık havalandırmak, aynı odada bulunmamak gibi teması azaltacak önlemler hayata geçirilmelidir.
HEAD UP 30˚ IN HEAD INJURY PATIENTS
Authors: Susyanti Deni , Jundapri Kipa , Siregar Baharuddin , Suharto  , Mayrani Siregar Nita
Published: January 2024

Cedera kepala meningkatkan tekanan intracranial sehingga mengalami penekanan pada area otak sehingga menimbulkan nyeri. head up 30˚  dapat menurunkan nyeri kepala akibat peningkatan oksigen menuju ke otak maksimal. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memberikan gambaran tentang posisi head up 30˚  pada pasien cedera kepala untuk menurunkan nyeri. Metode penelitian ini adalah deksriptif dengan jumlah sampel 30 orang yang dilakukan di Rumah Sakit TK II Putri Hijau Medan. Hasil yang didapatkan adalah nilai p value 0.00 maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa posisi head up 30 dapat mengurangi nyeri pada pasien cedera kepala. Rekomendasi kepada perawat untuk menerapkan implementasi posisi head up 30˚  ini pada pasien cedera kepala untuk mengurangi nyeri
Gambaran Pengetahuan Orang Tua Tentang Perawatan Anak Talasemia
Authors: Alviani Gustri , Utami Agnita , Yovinna Tobing Vella , Roslita Riau
Published: January 2024

Penyakit talasemia pada anak dan pengobatan yang dilakukan rutin dalam jangka waktu yang lama menyebabkan berbagai macam komplikasi seperti, pembesaran hati dan limfa, gangguan pertumbuhan, pubertas terhambat, hingga gagal jantung. Keberlangsungan dari proses pengobatan dan pencegahan komplikasi pada anak penderita talasemia dipengaruhi oleh dukungan orang tua. Orang tua perlu dibekali pengetahuan yang baik, sehingga dapat memberikan perawatan yang baik bagi anak penderita talasemia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran dari tingkat pengetahuan orang tua yang merawat anak penderita talasemia. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian deskriptif sederhana. Jumlah sampel pada penelitian ini sebanyak 30 orang tua yang memiliki anak penderita talasemia. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah non-probability sampling dengan teknik purposive sampling. Pengetahuan orang tua tentang perawatan anak penderita talasemia diukur menggunakan kuesioner. Analisis data pada penelitian ini menggunakan analisis univariat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata usia orang tua 21-40 tahun (53,3%), 20 orang (66,7%) berjenis kelamin perempuan, pendidikan SMA 16 orang (53,3%), lama anak terdiagnosa talasemia ≥ 5 tahun 16 orang (46,7%), 11 orang tua (36,7%) memiliki tingkat pengetahuan baik, sebagian besar tingkat pengetahuan orang tua yang merawat anak penderita talasemia berkategori cukup baik yaitu sebanyak 13 orang dengan presentase sebesar (43,3%), dan 6 orang tua (20%) kurang baik. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah orang tua yang merawat anak penderita talasemia belum memiliki pengetahuan yang baik tentang talasemia. Perawat perlu memberikan informasi kesehatan khususnya tentang penyakit talasemia dan perawatan orang tua kepada anak penderita talasemia.
Análisis sobre el trabajo infantil y su impacto en los niños y adolescentes en Ecuador
Authors: Torres-Acosta Alexander Steeven , España-Herrería Marcia Esther
Published: January 2024

El objetivo general de la investigación fue analizar jurídicamente el análisis sobre el trabajo infantil y su impacto en los niños y adolescentes en Ecuador. El planteamiento realizado por los investigadores para el desarrollo del método fue a partir del enfoque cuantitativo, mediante la indagación, recolección y análisis crítico documental y referencial bibliográfico, basándose en la exploración metódica, rigurosa y profunda de diversas fuentes documentales conformadas por artículos, tesis, normas y leyes entre otros, describiendo los hallazgos encontrados. En la investigación, se ha empleado como técnica la revisión documental. Se recurrió, además, al método inductivo-deductivo. Se concluye que, el trabajo en menores es preocupante y a veces demanda una mayor exploración sobre sus variadas raíces e interrelaciones, pero su intensidad, condiciones e impacto en el bienestar de niños y adolescentes lo convierten en un asunto perentorio de manejo público. El trabajo infantil refleja retroceso político, económico, social y de salud.