bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Managing transcreation projects
Authors: Pedersen Daniel
Published: August 2019

This paper investigates the translation spaces of a very specific translation practice, namely transcreation. In a marketing context, transcreation is usually concerned with the adaptation of advertising material into several different languages or for different markets. The paper is based on an ethnographic field study carried out at a marketing implementation agency in London, during which a group of transcreation managers was followed over a period of four weeks. The study relies mainly on observations of the interactions between the employees of the above-mentioned agency and their partners as well as on the researcher’s own participation in some of the agency’s work-related activities. As an activity, transcreation often involves two or more writers. These writers are most likely to be physically separated, but as the data from this study show, a transcreation agency can serve as a case for joint, situated efforts.
Experiencing the interpreter’s role
Authors: Hokkanen Sari
Published: August 2019

This paper proposes an affective approach to examining the interpreter’s role. More specifically, it suggests that, by considering the interpreters’ subjective feelings of involvement and detachment related to an interpreted event, we can examine the ways in which their role is constructed, within and through a combination of personal, social, and material factors related to the setting and the interpreter’s working conditions. As an example, I take the case of simultaneous interpreting in two religious settings, which I have studied with autoethnography. Thus, I analyze my experiences of interpreting in two religious settings and contrast these experiences to an “ideal” model of the interpreter’s role in such settings: that of the fully involved participant. The analysis indicates that, while an internalized ideal model of role may provide a point of reference for reflection, the actual experience of role emerges in a complicated interaction between personal, social, and material aspects.
Socio-technical issues in professional translation practice
Authors: Ehrensberger-Dow Maureen , Massey Gary
Published: August 2019

According to the International Ergonomics Association, a focus on organizational ergonomics recognizes that people work within socio-technical systems that encompass tools, equipment, and computer interfaces as well as other actors in their professional environment and networks. In recent research, we have started investigating such socio-technical factors from an ergonomic perspective. Observations at professional workplaces, responses to questionnaires, and in-depth interviews with translators suggest that their perceived self-determination is more important to the success of socio-technical change than the technological developments themselves. A lack of involvement in decision-making at the workflow level may explain why so many translators have been resistant to taking new technology on board. We discuss how a feedback culture could mitigate many socio-technical issues by giving translators a voice in change and empowering them to contribute to organizational learning and growth.
The internal context of bilingual processing
Authors: Truscott John , Smith Michael Sharwood
Published: August 2019

This book offers a broad-based account of bilingual processing, drawing on research findings and current thinking from various domains across cognitive science. The theoretical approach adopted is the Modular Cognition Framework in which language processing is characterized as an interaction between dedicated linguistic systems and the other modules of the human mind. The latter provide the 'internal context' of bilingual processing. This internal context involves goals, value, emotion, self, and representations of the external context. The book combines all these elements into a coherent picture of the bilingual's internal context and the way it shapes processing. It then shows how some central concepts in cognitive science and bilingualism fit in with – and follow from – this view. These concepts include working memory, consciousness, attention, effort, codeswitching, and the possible cognitive benefits of being bilingual. The book should be of interest to professionals in the field as well as postgraduate students and advanced undergraduates.
Islamic conservative populism in Turkey
Authors: Özen Hariye M.
Published: August 2019

This study focuses the Islamic/conservative populism of the Justice and the Development Party (AKP) in Turkey. Drawing on the post-structuralist discourse-theoretical perspective developed by Ernesto Laclau, it demonstrates how the populist discourse of the AKP substantially changed in this period through fluctuations in the boundaries that separated ‘the people’ from ‘the power’ as well as the components of both of these categories. While ‘the people’ signifier initially acted as an empty signifier that represented a series of unfulfilled social demands against ‘the power’ – the institutional system – that negated these demands, it gradually came to signify Islamic/conservative demands against all those opposing the AKP. This transformation involved a move from a relatively inclusive and democratic populism to an exclusive and authoritarian one.
The discursive construction of the people in European political discourse
Authors: Truan Naomi
Published: August 2019

Who are the people? As a semantically underspecified noun, the lexeme “people” and related terms such as “citizen(s)” or “constituent(s)” lead to various representations and are filled with competing meanings. By undertaking a cross-linguistic analysis of the semantic value of nouns denoting human referents in France, Germany, and the United Kingdom, this paper investigates how the “people” (people in English, Volk in German, peuple in French) and related linguistic expressions (notably Mensch, Bürger, citoyen) are discursively staged in national parliamentary debates on Europe.

The people represent the entity Members of Parliament (MPs) speak to, about, and on behalf of. In political sciences, mentioning the people immediately raises concerns about a populist message or stance. To which extent, then, does the reference to “the people” or “a people” pertain to a populist stance?

Based on an annotated corpus of forty-four national parliamentary debates between 1998 and 2015, this paper uses mixed methods (qualitative and quantitative) to assess how the “people” are referred to across the political spectrum in the British House of Commons, the German Bundestag and the French Assemblée nationale. By taking into account a large amount of speakers across different times and cultures, the analysis shows that the reference to “the people” – partly in opposition to “a people” – is a basic component of political discourse, thus indicating that the mere mention of the “people” cannot be regarded as a feature of populist rhetoric.
Learning the language of Dentistry
Authors: Crosthwaite Peter , Cheung Lisa
Published: August 2019

This book explores the affordances of disciplinary corpora for the teaching and learning of the language of dentistry, within the field of English for Specific Academic Purposes (ESAP). We extract disciplinary register features and vocabulary from three key genres of the dentistry discipline (published experimental research articles, case reports, and novice/professional research reports within the Dental Public Health domain), before integrating these features into ESAP pedagogy in the form of corpus-based ESAP materials that promote student-led direct engagement with disciplinary corpora – an approach known as 'data-driven learning'. This book is a timely and relevant addition to the field of corpus linguistics and ESAP, and is especially targeted at ESAP professionals who are required to teach disciplinary discourses but who may struggle to know what to teach as non-experts of the target discipline.
Enregisterment and historical sociolinguistics
Authors: Beal Joan C.
Published: August 2019

This chapter introduces the concepts of indexicality and enregisterment and examines how they can be applied
to the study of historical sociolinguistics, as part of a recent turn towards “third wave” (Eckert 2012) sociolinguistic approaches in this discipline. The chapter explores the
potential usefulness of indexicality and enregisterment as tools for historical sociolinguistics, drawing on
historical evidence of metalinguistic commentary. It also discusses the role of normative texts, dialect literature
and popular culture in establishing what Agha terms “a linguistic repertoire differentiable within a language as a
socially recognised register” indexing “speaker status linked to a specific scheme of cultural values” (Agha 2003: 231).
The modal auxiliary verb may and change in Irish English
Authors: Kirk John M.
Published: August 2019

This paper presents an analysis of the modal auxiliary verb may using data from the International Corpus of
English: Ireland Component (the ICE-Ireland Corpus and from other corpora for comparison. The analysis is focused on
the semantic functions of may, especially root and epistemic uses. The analysis shows that root uses of may
predominate overall but epistemic uses predominate in spoken data, in both parts of Ireland. It uncovers a further
instance of mild obligation may, which may be considered an Irishism.
Glycan modification of glioblastoma‐derived extracellular vesicles enhances receptor‐mediated targeting of dendritic cells
Authors: Dusoswa Sophie A. , Horrevorts Sophie K. , Ambrosini Martino , Kalay Hakan , Paauw Nanne J. , Nieuwland Rienk , Pegtel Michiel D. , Würdinger Tom , Van Kooyk Yvette , Garcia‐Vallejo Juan J.
Published: August 2019

Glioblastoma is the most prevalent and aggressive primary brain tumour for which total tumour lysate‐pulsed dendritic cell vaccination is currently under clinical evaluation. Glioblastoma extracellular vesicles (EVs) may represent an enriched cell‐free source of tumour‐associated (neo‐) antigens to pulse dendritic cells (DCs) for the initiation of an anti‐tumour immune response. Capture and uptake of EVs by DCs could occur in a receptor‐mediated and presumably glycan‐dependent way, yet the glycan composition of glioblastoma EVs is unknown. Here, we set out to characterize the glycocalyx composition of glioblastoma EVs by lectin‐binding ELISA and comprehensive immunogold transmission electron microscopy (immuno‐TEM). The surface glycan profile of human glioblastoma cell line‐derived EVs (50–200 nm) was dominated by α‐2,3‐ and α‐2,6 linked sialic acid‐capped complexN‐glycans and bi‐antennaryN‐glycans. Since sialic acids can trigger immune inhibitory sialic acid–binding Ig‐like lectin (Siglec) receptors, we screened for Siglec ligands on the EVs. Glioblastoma EVs showed significant binding to Siglec‐9, which is highly expressed on DCs. Surprisingly, however, glioblastoma EVs lack glycans that could bind Dendritic Cell‐Specific Intercellular adhesion molecule‐3‐Grabbing Non‐integrin (DC‐SIGN, CD209), a receptor that mediates uptake and induction of CD4+and CD8+T cell activation. Therefore, we explored whether modification of the EV glycan surface could reduce immune inhibitory Siglec binding, while enhancing EV internalization by DCs in a DC‐SIGN dependent manner. Desialylation with a pan‐sialic acid hydrolase led to reduction of sialic acid expression on EVs. Moreover, insertion of a high‐affinity ligand (LewisY) for DC‐SIGN resulted in a four‐fold increase of uptake by monocyte‐derived DCs. In conclusion, we show that the glycocalyx composition of EVs is a key factor of efficient DC targeting and that modification of the EV glycocalyx potentiates EVs as anti‐cancer vaccine.
The transmembrane protein fibrocystin/polyductin regulates cell mechanics and cell motility
Authors: Puder Stefanie , Fischer Tony , Mierke Claudia Tanja
Published: August 2019

Polycystic kidney disease is a disorder that leads to fluid filled cysts that replace normal renal tubes. During the process of cellular development and in the progression of the diseases, fibrocystin can lead to impaired organ formation and even cause organ defects. Besides cellular polarity, mechanical properties play major roles in providing the optimal apical-basal or anterior–posterior symmetry within epithelial cells. A breakdown of the cell symmetry that is usually associated with mechanical property changes and it is known to be essential in many biological processes such as cell migration, polarity and pattern formation especially during development and diseases such as the autosomal recessive cystic kidney disease. Since the breakdown of the cell symmetry can be evoked by several proteins including fibrocystin, we hypothesized that cell mechanics are altered by fibrocystin. However, the effect of fibrocystin on cell migration and cellular mechanical properties is still unclear. In order to explore the function of fibrocystin on cell migration and mechanics, we analyzed fibrocystin knockdown epithelial cells in comparison to fibrocystin control cells. We found that invasiveness of fibrocystin knockdown cells into dense 3D matrices was increased and more efficient compared to control cells. Using optical cell stretching and atomic force microscopy, fibrocystin knockdown cells were more deformable and exhibited weaker cell–matrix as well as cell–cell adhesion forces, respectively. In summary, these findings show that fibrocystin knockdown cells displayed increased 3D matrix invasion through providing increased cellular deformability, decreased cell–matrix and reduced cell–cell adhesion forces.
Campus green buildings: Policy implications for the implementing, monitoring and evaluation of campus green building initiatives
Authors: Khoshbakht M , Gou Z , Dupre K
Published: August 2019

Universities play a significant role in creating a sustainable future and transforming societies. As universities move towards environmental sustainability, a valuable contribution from the higher education sector is expected to accelerate the transformation of our cities. Campus green building initiatives are dramatically changing the way campuses are planned, designed, built and managed. However, prioritizing and evaluating campus green building initiatives seems understudied. The study offers an insight into the advantages of implementing green building initiatives in building operation and maintenance in campuses and provides an excellent proving ground to enhance the performance of campus buildings. A set of frameworks and policy implications in terms of investment decision making, facility management, operational quality control, and planning and design are proposed to improve the effectiveness of green building initiatives at higher education buildings. This study sheds light on performance evaluation of campus buildings, which could be used as a reference for the design, construction and operation of sustainable campus buildings. Energy dashboards, revising the automated operation of buildings, facilitating changes in staff and student behaviours, and operational energy performance certification were identified as important campus-wide energy policies.
The assessment of carbon footprint in interior decoration and construction in Taiwan
Authors: M. C. Jeffery Lee , Teow Ngak Ng , Hsien-Te Lin
Published: August 2019

Global warming is more and more serious due to Carbon dioxide emission. This study focuses on the carbon footprint in interior decoration and construction via whole life cycle periods. The assessment is calculated by carbon footprints per square meter of indoor area in the unit of kgCO2e/m2 during the design procedure. The percentage of carbon decreasing is related with the design value and standard value. This study collected and analysed the carbon dioxide emission in every parts of interior decoration and construction as the database to be the standard value. And established the evaluated equations for further assessment by interior designers.
Vacant house utilization making use of the quarry ground water in Oya area
Authors: Wakabayashi Hideaki
Published: August 2019

In the Oya area of Utsunomiya City in Tochigi prefecture, because of the decline of the Oya-stone industry due to the rise of new construction materials and overseas production materials, abandoned agricultural lands and empty houses increased. However, recently in the Oya area, local government has tackled with the revitalization of the area utilizing abundant underground water of the Oya-stone quarry, which was once a facility of Oya-stone industry. For example, the place in which groundwater is accumulated in the quarry is utilized for underground lake cruise. Also, attention has been recently paid to the fact that the average water temperature of the quarry groundwater is about 7 degrees lower than that of ordinal groundwater, and business projects utilizing the quarry groundwater as a heat source for heat exchange system have recently been promoted by local government. As well as those approaches for revitalization, local government of Utsunomiya city has been tackling with reuse of empty houses.

Therefore, this study explores the possibility of region revitalization utilizing regional resources in the Oya area, evaluating proposed empty house utilization that makes use of the quarry groundwater as a heat source of heat exchange system from the viewpoint of environmental burden.

In this study, we investigated buildings in the Oya area, and made a building information database. Assuming a case where a empty house is renovated and utilized as a restaurant that is short in Oya area, Eight buildings with different insulation performance and air conditioning method were modeled using the building information database. We evaluated the lifecycle CO2 emissions of those building models when utilized. As a result, it is estimated that about 70% of CO2 emissions can be reduced by improving insulation performance and air conditioning system and by utilizing quarry groundwater as heat source of heat exchange system.
Limits of decontamination in rural areas radioactively contaminated by TEPCO nuclear power plant accident and new concept for recover planning
Authors: Itonaga Koji
Published: August 2019

This is an empirical study on the actual condition of pollution and decontamination in Iitate Village, Fukushima Prefecture, in the affected area of radioactive contamination released by Tokyo Electric Power Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant caused by the Great East Japan Great Earthquake of March 2011. I have clarified the air dose rate in residential area, housing, field, and mountain area around housing. Although there is a decline in spatial dose due to natural decay and decontamination, it is not an environment suitable for residence and agriculture work. I investigated the housing which was released from evacuation. According to the survey in 2017, although the dose in the housing tends to be greater in high space, it is less than 0.6 μSv/h. However, the room adjacent to the forest has a dose of about 1.4 times that of the central room. The surface of the residential land is 0.65 μSv/h on average, exceeding the regulation standard value of the radiation control area. In the forest soil surrounding the residential land after decontamination, radioactive cesium is still 40, 000 Bq/kg. Despite this contamination situation, the evacuation designation was cancelled at the end of March 2017 under unreasonable circumstances. Villagers who went back home had no choice but to produce vegetables in farmland where pollution continues, even though they were decontaminated. Radioactive Cs is also contained in decontaminated agricultural land. It is unreasonable to make agricultural products on land contaminated with Cs. Fortunately, the transition rate of Cs is extremely low, and it is not a problem for the elderly to eat. However, this absurdity continues. Products of contaminated forests cannot be eaten in the foreseeable future, and rich agricultural livelihoods have been lost. New land use planning methods, including the prohibition of land use of radioactively contaminated forests, are needed.
Regional differences of wintry indoor thermal environment of traditional houses in Nepal
Authors: Basudev Gautam , Hom Bahadur Rijal , Masanori Shukuya
Published: August 2019

Nepal has sub-tropical to cold regions due to large altitude difference. The traditional houses are well adapted to the local climate with the use of local building materials. However, traditional practice has been diminished by more introduction of the artificial building materials, modern design and new technology. Under this circumstance, some strong policies based on a field research to sustain the traditional architecture with some rational modern metamorphosis is necessary. For this reason, we investigated the wintry indoor thermal environment of traditional houses in three climatic regions of Nepal. We measured the indoor thermal environment all together nine houses in cold, temperate and sub-tropical regions during the winter in December 2016. The houses were found to be eighty percent of the time below 11°C, 16°C and 22°C in cold, temperate and sub-tropical regions, respectively. This result is well attributed to the regional climatic difference and the thermal characteristics of building materials used. The traditional houses surveyed are considered to be adapted to the climates because of the local availability of building materials.
Using computer climate generator versus conventional lapse rate to model skyscrapers
Authors: Hirasuga Nobuhiro , Leung Luke
Published: August 2019

The values of temperature and humidity at the top of skyscrapers are different from those near the ground. Thus, different mechanical systems, air flow rates, and other design parameters are required for such tall buildings. Conventional air temperature reduces linearly with increasing altitude, or lapse rate, of −6.5 °C/km. This study examines how the conventional lapse rate in a hot and humid region differs by using a computer-based climate generator in Dubai at an altitude of 600 m, we address three issues: whether the conventional lapse rate is always a good indicator of the climate profile, whether building design conditions change with altitude, and by how much the predicted energy consumption changes with altitude. Our first conclusion is that the conventional lapse rate may not always be a good indicator of the climate profile. The lapse rate is influenced by humidity. When humidity is low, the lapse rate tends to be higher and can reach up to −9.8 °C/km under adiabatic conditions. Conversely, when humidity is high, and as temperature drops with increasing elevation, condensation occurs and releases heat of vaporization, which warms the air and reduces the lapse rate. Under certain conditions, temperature inversion can occur, and the temperature above the ground may be higher than the temperature at 600 m altitude. Our second conclusion is that the linear lapse rate is not always a good predictor of design conditions. During the summer, there is a tendency to underestimate the lapse rate due to low relative humidity. In contrast, during winter, there is a tendency to overestimate the lapse rate due to low temperatures and high relative humidity. Last but not least, the linear lapse rate is not always a good indicator of energy consumption. Based on simulations, we found that differences in the lapse rate and the air density influenced the energy consumed by the air conditioning system in an office building. Specifically, between altitudes of 11 and 600 m, the energy consumption differed by approximately 5%.
Observational study on the cool breeze effect of a through wall type air conditioner
Authors: Kato Takaya , Ichinose Masayuki , Tsukami Shiro , Kubo Hirotaka
Published: August 2019

An air conditioning system has been developed that can select the operation pattern of a through-wall type unit (TWU) according to the air conditioning needs. There is a night-time cool breeze mode like natural ventilation using a fan in modes. The thermal environment and ventilation volume of office buildings can be greatly influenced by outdoor thermal conditions, and it is necessary to grasp the actual conditions. Therefore, in this research, the observational study of thermal environment and ventilation performance was conducted, and was compared and analysed with the simulation result. The cross-section wind velocity distribution was characterized in each area, but the wind velocity in the residential area was about 0.1 to 0.2 m/s, and no draft was seen immediately below the bypass duct outlet. It was almost in agreement with the simulation results. The ventilation performance survey revealed that the windward side was slightly difficult to ventilate. However, there was no big difference in the age of air depending on the location. Moreover, there was no significant difference in the total ventilation volume even if the outdoor thermal conditions were different. It was confirmed that the TWU had expected performance and stable ventilation performance was secured.
Investigation of Toilets with Reduced Ventilation Frequencies and Odor Simulation
Authors: Kimura M , Akimoto T , Kato S , Hirasuga N , Sakamoto Y , Yamakita S , Sakakibara H
Published: August 2019

For a sustainable society, we must consider how to reduce the CO2 emissions from buildings; however, the ventilation frequency in the toilet (i.e., bathroom or water closet) has not been changed in recent years. Only a few attempts have been made so far to reduce the ventilation frequency in toilets to save energy, despite their further technological developments. In this report, we considered evacuating the odor as soon as possible by providing an exhaust port at the bottom of the wall (hereinafter referred to as baseboard deodorization). We also considered the effect of baseboard deodorization for different toilet (bathroom) sizes. First, we surveyed the relationship between the odor detected by a sensor and a human’s olfactory sense and the ventilation volume with the toilet in operation to verify the usefulness of the sensors. Secondly, we analyzed the air environment using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The results of the measurements and a questionnaire survey showed a certain degree of correlation between the indication of the degree of contamination in the air and the odor intensity. The results of the CFD analysis indicated that large-scale toilets could accumulate air more easily than small toilets; however, in either case, the ammonia concentration could be lowered by using baseboard deodorization. It was also found that the exhaust from baseboard deodorization greatly contributed to reducing the ammonia concentration.
Study on air-conditioning control system considering individual thermal sensation
Authors: Tanaka Kitoshi , Wada Kazuki , Kikuchi Takuro , Kawakami Hiroki , Tanaka Kouji , Takai Hiroaki
Published: August 2019

Increased satisfaction with thermal environments in office significantly affects workplace productivity. Conventional air-conditioning systems are intended to achieve a uniform thermal environment across the entire air-conditioned space. However, due to differences in thermal sensation among individuals, it is difficult to improve occupants’ thermal satisfaction merely by providing a uniform thermal environment. In this study, we developed an air-conditioning system called the Smart Wellness Control System with the aim of realizing air conditioning that responds to individual variance in thermal satisfaction. The system collects data from sensors about the locations of individual occupants and the thermal environments to which they are exposed, records this data together with their votes on their thermal sensation, and modifies and learns their comfort indices accordingly to control the speeds of personal fans and the air temperature setting. We conducted a questionnaire survey of occupants in an actual office building equipped with this system; the results indicated that use of the Smart Wellness Control System increased their satisfaction with the thermal environment by about 50% and increased their productivity by about 25%.
The Study on the Carbon Reduction Measures Assessment of New Building Construction---Using Building Carbon Footprint Evaluation Method in Taiwan
Authors: Yang Shih-Hung , Jian You-Jhe
Published: August 2019

The study used the BCF system developed by LCBA to calculate the carbon footprint of the building’s life cycle. The case was the selection of a new educational building in Taipei, the first project in Taiwan to be required by government agencies to calculate carbon emissions. In addition to the calculation of carbon footprint, the purpose of this study is to assess the extent to which BCF tools can be used to feedback design contents before construction and to review the applicability of the tool itself. After BCFd’s life cycle carbon footprint assessment, it can be seen that the carbon footprint ratio in the use phase is as high as 80.41%, followed by 7.76% in the engineering material manufacturing phase. However, in the design feedback of BCFd, although specific material selection suggestions are proposed, the application of regulations, maintenance, durability, etc., must be discussed. Based on the actual use requirements of the owner, this study proposes a correction plan for the material selection, and the BCFd method evaluation proves that it also has the effect of reducing carbon.
Thermal Adaptive Behavior of Occupants in Air-conditioned Office Buildings in Thailand
Authors: Sikram Tanadej , Ichinose Masayuki , Sasaki Rumiko
Published: August 2019

Thermal adaptive behaviors are the actions people take to adjust to the indoor environment. This study aims to clarify occupants’ perception of thermal environments and how they adapt themselves into those environments of air-conditioned offices in the tropical region. Six offices in Bangkok, Thailand, were investigated during April to September 2018. Indoor environment quality measuring devices were installed inside the offices to evaluate factors such as indoor temperature, humidity, and air velocity. Questionnaires following the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) 55 standard were distributed to occupants during working hours. Thermal comfort votes were analyzed together with behavioral adaptation votes. When we plotted thermal environment values on a psychrometric chart, they were inside 1.0 clo rather than 0.5 clo. Out of 2, 028 samples, 50.2 % of occupants voted neutral. However, they felt colder than neutral rather than feeling warmer than neutral (36 %:14 %). Occupants who felt comfortable were 45% of total occupants, and 59.7% of them preferred “no change”. Considering adaptive behavior, the highest activity was changing of clothes (50%). Those who wore more clothing (68.9 %) voted for feeling slightly cool to cold. Of those, 34% changed clothing during the day. The median of clothing increased from 0.56 clo to 0.61 clo to reduce the feeling-cold sensation and increase thermal neutrality. Other adaptive behaviors were drinking hot or cold water (31.3%), doing nothing (26.2%), moving around (24.5%), wearing a scarf (14.7%), using a pedestal fan (11.8%), taking a rest (8.6%), washing hands or face (8%), and opening or closing window blinds (7.7%). These adaptive behaviors were strongly relevant to thermal sensation votes and maintaining thermal comfort. These adaptive actions were adopted by both the feeling-hot persons and the feeling-cold persons. This study would be applicable to offices in Thailand in terms of both thermal satisfaction and human behavior.
Low-Cost Housing in India: A Review
Authors: Ganga Warrier A. , Tadepalli Pavankumar , Palaniappan Sivakumar
Published: August 2019

The Government of India is on a mission to meet the housing needs of all in the society by 2022. This implies that about 27 million houses are expected to be constructed in the next 5 to 10 years. As of today, 5.1 million houses have been sanctioned under the Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana. Houses for Economically Weaker Section (EWS) group and Low Income Group (LIG) represent a major portion of this initiative. Construction of millions of houses is expected to generate large demand for materials and energy at the national level. There is a need to evaluate alternate materials, construction methods and construction plans to conserve materials and energy use at the aggregate level. This study presents a review of various housing initiatives undertaken in India, housing technologies and evaluation criteria that are used to choose an appropriate technology. Further, a discussion on sustainability aspects of low cost house construction is presented.
A Study of Settlement Planning Strategy of Tableland Village, in Gully Regions of Loess Plateau, China
Authors: Zhang Tao , Hu Qinian , Fukuda Hiroatsu , Zhou Dian
Published: August 2019

As the smallest social unit in gully region of Loess Plateau, “Tableland” villages own large amount of agricultural population. Using the analysis of ecological carrying capacity into the villages’ settlement planning within small areas, this paper research on the relationship among maximum ecological carrying capacity, the current ecological carrying capacity and the current supporting population. Through the analysis of this relationship, to make the decision which villages owns the ability to accept more immigrations and which villages need to be integrated into other villages, at the same time, the villages were graded. Among the six grades of ecological carrying capacity villages, type I village is suitable to be extension, and type VI village needs to be relocated.
Study on Uniaxial Compressive Strength of Single-fractured Similar Rock with Different Degrees of Penetration
Authors: Wang Yongyan , Zhang Zuoliang , Liu Yaqi , Feng Xuezhi , Qin Nan
Published: August 2019

In order to study the influence of uniaxial compression test conditions on the strength and deformation characteristics of single-fractured similar rock with different penetration degrees, the author conducted the uniaxial compression test on prefabricated single-fractured similar rock using TAW-200 electronic multifunctional material mechanics testing machine. And quantitatively analysed the relationship between strength, elastic modulus and stress-strain of single fracture similar rock under uniaxial compression. The results show that the influence of uniaxial compression test on the peak strength is related to the penetration degree. The peak strength of specimens is the largest when there is no damage and the smallest when there is complete penetration (100%), but the peak strength of specimens not only decreases with the increase of penetration degree, but also relates to the crack dip angle. When the crack dip angle is different, the variation law of peak strength with penetration degree is also inconsistent; The influence of uniaxial compression test on elastic modulus is also related to penetration degree and crack dip angle, but the influence degree is different.
Analysis of impact factor of reservoir loose bank collapse in mountain valley reservoir
Authors: Li Zinan , Zhang Faming , Dong Menglong , Lv Jingqing , Yin Fei , Chen Liang
Published: August 2019

The safety of the reservoir construction and the normal reservoir as well as the normal operation of the power station is affected by the phenomena of reservoir bank slopes’ instability and failure. Nowadays there is a lot of research about plain reservoir bank collapse, but the research about mountain valley reservoir bank collapse is not very perfect. Because of the various material characteristics and complex structure of mountain valley reservoir bank collapse, the influencing factors, mechanisms and types of mountain valley reservoir bank collapse is complex. According to a mountain valley reservoir site in southwest China, the bank collapse influencing factors are summarized, which are the formation lithology of the bank, the topography, the geologic structure, the hydrodynamic condition of the reservoir and the wave effect. The sensitivity of impact factors of the bank collapse is achieved by the orthogonal analysis. By contrast to single factor sensitivity, the cohesion in natural state and the wave height are the main impact factors.
Research on Construction Technology of New Type Waterproof Formwork Support System for Metro Station
Authors: Dong Wenpeng , Yang Guang , Pan Weiqiang , Pan Zhiqun , Fang Xiaofeng
Published: August 2019

The leakage water of metro station is an annoying problem, so the quality of concrete construction is the node which is very concerned. This paper combined a new type of induced joint and takes Qingpu station engineering of Shanghai metro line 17 as the background, intends to design and manufacture one special formwork support as a part of waterproof system, which can make the structure of floor and side wall separately constructed. The formwork support is composed by the button steel bracket, the triangle frame of side wall and the combined large steel mould. And through the analysis of three-dimensional finite element simulation, puts forward the new method of combined scheme of induced joint construction.
Effect evaluation method of dynamic profiling for low permeability reservoir
Authors: Liu Weixia
Published: August 2019

The complexities of inter-layer heterogeneity conditions of low permeability reservoirs in china lead to non-applicability of conventional evaluation criteria and methods of profile control effect. This paper rebuilds a new precise division of methods to define the effectiveness of profile control which considered field data and characteristics of low permeability reservoir. The establishment of dynamic evaluation index system and methods of development effectiveness for low permeability reservoir on the basis of comprehensive consideration of the effect method sensitivity to dynamic parameters and the correlation of dynamic index system between oil well, water well and well group make the evaluation of profile control effect of single well and overall reservoir possible and has great practical significance in directing the implementation of profile control of low permeability reservoirs in china.
Fault diagnosis model of the variable torque pumping unit well based on the power-displacement diagram
Authors: Chen Dechun , Zhou Ruiqi , Meng Hongxia , Peng Yuandong , Chang Feng , Jiang Dong , Wei Bin
Published: August 2019

This work proposes a new method of diagnosing the variable torque pumping unit well, by analysing the eigenvalue of power-displacement diagram. Considering the actual angular velocity, the unbalanced weight of structure and the efficiency of motor and gearbox, the relationship between the polished rod load and the input power of motor are derived by analysing the internal relation between the polished rod load, the output shaft torque of the gearbox, the output shaft power of motor and the input power of motor. Then, the conversion model of the power-displacement diagram based on the dynamometer card is derived. By transforming the dynamometer card in typical working condition into the corresponding power-displacement diagram, 11 power-displacement diagrams in typical working conditions are established. By extracting the grayscale statistical eigenvalues from typical power-displacement diagrams, a working condition diagnosis model of oil well is established based on the grey correlation analysis. The test of 5 wells in the oilfield shows the average relative error of average normalized power of up and down stroke between the measured power-displacement diagram and the calculated power-displacement diagram are 6.31% and 5.83%, and the average fitting coefficient is 0.91. This shows that this model has a good accuracy, and it also proves the reliability of the typical power-displacement diagram. According to the test of 80 wells in the oilfield, the accuracy of diagnosis results based on the measured power-displacement diagram is 93.3%. This shows that the model has high accuracy and practicability, and can provide technical support for intelligent diagnosis and production optimization decision in production system of variable torque pumping unit well.
Research on Complete Coverage Path Planning for Unmanned Surface Vessel
Authors: Zhang Qi , Li Cunrong , Lu Xin , Huang Shenshen
Published: August 2019

In order to monitor the water quality in real time, all monitoring points should be covered by Unmanned Surface Vessel (USV). This paper takes the USV as the research object and proposes an improved genetic algorithm to solve the complete coverage path planning (CCPP) problem to ensure that the USV can cover all monitoring points, and minimize the path length, the rate of repeat grid and running time of the algorithm. The feasibility of this solution model is verified by simulation on the platform of Visual Studio.
Design of portable calibration light device with tunable color temperature
Authors: Hu Yunlong , Jiang Yingjie , Liu Yingqi , Chen Linghua
Published: August 2019

Studied on multiples color temperature LEDs as calibration light based on array, and designed a portable calibration light device with tunable color temperature which could simulate various luminous environment to test the performance of camera and sensor. The experimental carried on the light device. The results showed that the calibration light source could accurately reappear the color temperature light source in the range of 2500K to 6500K under the condition of multi channels constant power supply, and the precision of color temperature is within ±30K and the light is stable, the uniformity is within ±2.5%.
Improvement of the Algorithm Based on Dark Channel Prior Defogging
Authors: Luo Ping , Ren Chunwang , Kang Jian , Qing Zheng
Published: August 2019

The dark channel prior defogging algorithm is a method for rough estimation of transmittance. The dark channel prior method is not obvious enough for the sky. The paper uses a rough estimation model based on the relationship between depth of field and transmittance. A dehazing method that makes the transmittance more refined is proposed on a priori basis. The atmospheric light value is calculated from the atmospheric scattering model, and the image is converted from the RGB color space to the HSV color space and the S (saturation) component is extracted as a supplement to the transmittance. The final transmittance is obtained by the method of transmittance fusion, and a clear image is restored according to the atmospheric scattering model. The experimental results show that the method can effectively eliminate the fog, and the restored image better preserves the image details.
Comparison of construction methods for shallow burial tunnel with soft rock and large span
Authors: Yuan Dongyang , Zhan Wei
Published: August 2019

Engineering accidents often occurred in new tunnel construction because of the shallow burial tunnel with soft surrounding rock and large span. In this paper, the Three-step excavation method, ring excavation reservation method, CD method and double pilot tunnel method were compared by the numerical simulation method. The results show that: the settlement of the surface caused by the double pilot tunnel method is the smallest in the four excavation methods and the settlement of the surface can be effectively controlled by this method. The vault crown settlement and convergence deformation values by the double pilot tunnel method are the smallest in the four excavation methods. The stable condition of the surrounding rock by the double pilot tunnel method can be reached earlier than the other three methods. There are little differences in the stress of surrounding rock among the four excavation methods. However, the stress level of the support structure is different. The stress of the support structure by the double pilot tunnel is the smallest and it is less than the allowable tensile stress of shotcrete. Through the comparative analysis of various parameters, the double pilot tunnel method in the construction of shallow tunnel with soft rock and large span is recommended.
Research on the deviation retrieving capacity of the guide frame in the installation of an offshore pile foundation
Authors: Liu Wenbin
Published: August 2019

The guide frame is widely used in the installation of the pile foundation for the offshore wind power case. The guide frame can locate the position of offshore pile and retrieves the lateral deviation of pile in the piling process. This paper analysed the deviation retrieving capacity of a guide frame based on an engineering case in Jiangsu province with numerical simulation method. The relationship between the maximum lateral displacement and the depth is established.
Disciplinarian of soil nutrient in the surface of terrace wall
Authors: Lei Na , Dong Qiguang , Liu Zhe
Published: August 2019

In loess tableland area, farmers usually collected the soil in the surface of terrace section (or called “terrace wall”) as fertilizer. Actually it contains abundant nitrogen and potassium. As fertilizer, it would be used as new and ecological materials in crop production. In order to analyse the disciplinarian of soil nutrient in the surface of terrace wall, soil samples were divided into three different ages: one year, five years, above ten years; different two slope aspects: sunny- and shady slop; three ground level: 0.2m, 1m, 1.8m above ground; and three vertical depths: 0-1 cm, 1-5 cm, 5-10 cm. The results showed: with the increase of age and ground level, soil nutrients, such as total nitrogen, available phosphorus and potassium were activated and accumulated in the surface of terrace wall under the effect of solar-thermal resources. In the sunny slope, soil nutrients were much higher than those in the shady slope caused by radiation. Soil nutrients were decreased with the increase of sampling vertical depth, most soil nutrients were found in the section surface, which proved soil nutrients were mainly accumulated in the surface of terrace wall.
Advances in soil water permeability model
Authors: He Jing
Published: August 2019

Water resources is the most common but it’s also a vital element of life, agricultural production is an important industry of water consumption, how to improve the water resources efficient utilization of water resources in agricultural production and the role of global many experts and scholars on the water infiltration numerical simulation research, and put forward the different water permeability model, for efficient utilization of water resources in the process of agricultural production has played a significant role in this paper, through the comparison and analysis of all kinds of water permeability model, analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of the permeability model proposed by Green - Ampt, Philip and Horton et al. It’s intended to provide references and basis for the selection of the permeability model for different purposes in the subsequent scientific research.
Study on the Genesis and Tectonic Significance of the Volcanic Rocks of the Sanwan Formation in the Hannan Area
Authors: Wang Dequan , Wang Jianguo , Deng Shengbo , Wang Yizhong
Published: August 2019

The Sanwan Formation is distributed in Baimianxia, Bailongtang, Xixiang County, north margin of Yangtze Platform. It is mainly composed of a set of metamorphic volcanic sedimentary rocks.The Sanwan Formation experienced multi-phase tectonic activities and produced long strips of faults. Four representative volcanic rocks of the Sanwan Formation were collected. According to the analysis results of major elements, they are andesite-basalt andesite.According to trace element analysis, large ion lithophile elements (Sr, Ba, Rb, Th) are enriched, while high field strength elements (Ta, Nb, Zr, Hf, Ti) are relatively deficient. They have the characteristics of island arc volcanic rocks.According to trace element geochemical diagrams, we believe that fluid is involved in the formation of primitive magma, and magma shows strong partial melting trend and weak crystallization differentiation trend.