bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
İlkokulda Matematiksel Modelleme İçin Bir Öğretim Çerçevesi
Authors: CANBAZOĞLU H. Beyza , TARIM Kamuran
Published: June 2021

İlkokul matematik dersi öğretim programı, çevresinde ve okul ortamı içerisinde öğrendiklerini anlamlandırabilen ve kendine ait anlamlar oluşturabilen, oluşturduğu anlamları günlük yaşam içerisinde karşılaştığı durumlara uygulayabilen bireyler yetiştirmeyi hedeflemektedir. Bu bağlamda matematik eğitimi, matematik ve günlük yaşam arasında anlamlı ilişkilerin kurulduğu uygulamalara yönelmiştir. Matematik öğretiminde matematik ve günlük yaşam ilişkisinin önem kazanmasıyla birlikte matematiksel model ve modelleme süreçleri, öğretme ve öğretme süreçlerinde karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Bu nedenle “İlkokul döneminde matematiksel modelleme nasıl inşa edilmeli ve uygulanmalı?” sorusunun yanıtlanması gerekliliği ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bu gereklilik göz önüne alındığında matematiksel modelleme etkinliklerinin ilkokul döneminde yaygınlaştırılması ve sınıf öğretmenlerine öğrenme-öğretme sürecinde kullanabilecekleri bir öğretim çerçevesi ve örnek etkinlik uygulamalarının sağlanmasının önemli olduğu düşünülmektedir. Bu bağlamda araştırma kapsamında ilkokul döneminde matematiksel modellemenin uygulanabilmesi için Carlson, Wickstrom, Burroughs ve Fulton (2016) tarafından ortaya konulan öğretim çerçevesi açıklanmış ve bu çerçeve doğrultusunda bir modelleme etkinliği örneğine yer verilmiştir.
Code.org Platformunun 6. Sınıf Öğrencilerinin Programlama Öğrenimine Etkisi
Authors: KARADUMAN Ümit , AKPINAR Ercan
Published: June 2021

6. sınıf öğrencilerinin programlama öğrenimlerine Code.org platformunun etkileri araştırıldığı bu çalışma Milli Eğitim Bakanlığına bağlı bir ortaokulda eğitim gören öğrenciler ile yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak Keçeci, Alan ve Zengin (2016) tarafından geliştirilen Eğitsel Bilgisayar Oyunları Destekli Kodlama Öğrenimine Yönelik Tutum Ölçeği, Code.org Platformuna Yönelik Yarı Yapılandırılmış Görüşme Formu ve Programlama Öğrenim Düzeyi Belirleme Aracı kullanılmıştır. Deneysel araştırma desenine uygun olarak gerçekleştirilen araştırmada gerçek deneme modellerinden 2 X 3‘lük (deney-kontrol X ön test-son test-izleme testi) model kullanılmıştır. Görüşme formunun sonuçları içerik analizi ile betimsel olarak yorumlanmıştır. Diğer ölçme işlemlerinin sonucunda elde edilen veriler SPSS istatistik paket programı kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda öğrencilerin programlama öğrenimleri ve programlama öğrenimlerinin kalıcılıkları üzerinde Code.org platformu ile normal öğretim yöntemleri arasında Code.org platformu lehine anlamlı bir fark bulunmuştur. Ayrıca Code.org platformu, öğrencilerin eğitsel bilgisayar oyunları destekli kodlama öğrenimine karşı olan tutumlarını olumlu yönde artırmıştır. Yürütülen yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmeler sonucunda da bu platformun öğrenci başarısı üzerinde daha pozitif bir etkisi olduğu, öğrencilerin öğrenme sürecinden daha fazla memnuniyet duydukları ve Bilişim Teknolojileri ve Yazılım dersine karşı daha olumlu tutumlar geliştirdikleri ortaya konulmuştur. Çalışmanın süreci ve sonuçları göz önüne alındığında; Code.org platformunun öğrenme ortamlarına entegre edilmesi ve bu alandaki deneysel çalışmaların kapsam olarak genişletilmesine yönelik yeni araştırmalar yapılması önerilmektedir.
Türkiye ve Avustralya Sosyal Bilgiler 5. Sınıf Öğretim Programlarının Değerler Eğitimi Bağlamında Karşılaştırılması
Authors: YAĞAN Saadet Aylin
Published: June 2021

Bu araştırmanın amacı, Türkiye ve Avustralya 5. sınıf sosyal bilgiler öğretim programlarının değerler eğitimi bağlamında karşılaştırılmasıdır. Araştırmada nitel araştırma yaklaşımı benimsenmiştir. Araştırma yöntemleri doküman inceleme ve karşılaştırmalı eğitimdir. Araştırmanın verileri doküman inceleme tekniği ile toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde Schwartz değer sınıflandırması kullanılmıştır. Bu sınıflandırma, dört üst düzey değer ve bu üst düzey değerlerin altında gruplandırılan 12 değerden oluşmaktadır. Değişime açıklık, kendini geliştirme, muhafazakarlık ve öz-aşkınlık üst düzey değerlerdir. Öz-denetim, uyarılma, hazcılık, başarı, güç, saygınlık, güvenlik, geleneksellik, uyum, alçakgönüllülük, iyilikseverlik ve evrensellik sınıflandırmada yer alan değerlerdir. Verilerin analizinde betimsel analizden yararlanılmıştır. Bulgulara göre Türkiye 5. sınıf sosyal bilgiler öğretim programında en fazla muhafazakarlık üst düzey değerine ait kazanım yer almaktadır. Avustralya öğretim programında ise kendini geliştirme değeri en fazla sayıda kazanıma sahiptir. Türkiye öğretim programında öne çıkan değerler; güvenlik, güç ve öz-denetimdir. Avustralya öğretim programında öne çıkan değerler; başarı, güç ve güvenliktir. Türkiye öğretim programında saygınlık, uyum ve alçakgönüllülük değerlerini kapsayan bir kazanıma rastlanamazken Avustralya öğretim programında uyarılma, hazcılık, saygınlık, uyum ve alçakgönüllülük değerlerine değinen kazanımlar bulunmamaktadır.
Öğretmenlerin Çevrim içi Eğitime İlişkin Hizmet İçi Eğitim Gereksinimlerinin Belirlenmesi
Authors: AVCI Barış , GÜVEN Meral
Published: June 2021

MEB hizmet içi gelişime yönelik seminer ve kurs planları, üniversitelerin ders katalogları, alanyazın taraması ile ulusal ve uluslararası raporlardaki veriler incelendiğinde öğretmenlerin çevrim içi programa yönelik yeterli donanıma sahip olmadığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Bu doğrultuda, bu temel nitel araştırmanın amacı öğretmenlerin çevrim içi eğitime ilişkin hizmet içi eğitim gereksinimlerinin belirlenmesidir. Bu bağlamda altı alan uzmanının görüşleri doğrultusunda geliştirilen pedagoji, yönetsel, sosyal ve teknik olmak üzere 4 bölümden oluşan yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formları ile veriler toplanmıştır. Görüşmeler, analiz edilmek üzere katılımcıların da onayıyla ses kaydına alınmıştır. Kodlamaların geçerlik-güvenirliğini sağlamak amacıyla da bir alan uzmanın görüşüne başvurulmuş ve kodlamaların %30’u kontrol edilerek yüksek bir uyum elde edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak öğretmenlerin etkileşim sağlama, öğrencilerin farklı alanlardaki gelişiminin desteklenmesi ve değerlendirme alanlarının yanı sıra, dijital araç kullanımı, içerik üretimi, açık eğitim kaynakları alanları başta olmak üzere öğrenme desteği ile öğrenme ortamı oluşturmaya yönelik olarak eğitim gereksinimleri bulunmaktadır. Buna ek olarak, yabancı dil yeterliğinin arttırılması, öğrenme stil/stratejilerinin uyarlanması, telif hakları, öğrencilere psikolojik ve sosyal destek sağlanması ile test hazırlama ve yöntem-teknik kullanımı alanlarında mesleki gelişim gereksinimleri bulunduğu sonucuna ulaşılmaktadır.
PENGETAHUAN TENTANG PENANGANAN KEGAWAT DARURATAN PADA MAHASISWA
Authors: Ariestia Mona
Published: June 2021

Kejadian gawat darurat dapat diartikan sebagai keadaan dimana seseorang memerlukan pertolongan segera, karena apabila tidak mendapat pertolongan segera maka dapat mengancam jiwa atau menimbulkan kecacatan permanen. Banyak ditemui mahasiswa yang mengalami suatu kecelakaan baik itu berupa patah tulang, pingsan, terkilir, dan lain-lain diberikan perlakuan yang sama bahkan ada  kesalahan dalam memberikan pertolongan ditengah masyarakat. Kondisi ini tentu saja sangat membahayakan apabila berakibat memperparah keadaan penderita. Tujuan penelitian yaitu untuk mengetahui tingkat pengetahuan mahasiswa tentang penanganan kegawat daruratan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh mahasiswa TK I Akper Kesdam 1/BB Padang, pengambilan sampel menggunakan total sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukan dari 46 mahasiswa tingkat pengetahuan tentang penanganan kegawatdaruratan dengan kriteria baik sebanyak 44 orang (95,6%) dan 2 orang (4,4%) kurang baik.
ANALISIS TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN WARGA TENTANG BHD
Authors: Dafris Shanti
Published: June 2021

Keterampilan Bantuan Hidup Dasar dapat diajarkan untuk siapapun. Semua lapisan masyarakat seharusnya diajarkan tentang Bantuan Hidup Dasar, baik orang dewasa sampai anak-anak, karena terkait pemberian pertolongan keselamatan. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui tingkat pengetahuan warga Kelurahan Pasa Gadang Kecamatan Padang Selatan, tentang Bantuan Hidup Dasar. Penelitian ini penelitian kuantitatif. Dalam penelitian ini sampel diambil menggunakan purposive sampling yaitu warga Kelurahan Pasa Gadang Kecamatan Padang Selatan yang bertempat tinggal di area pinggir jalan raya sebanyak 30 responden. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingkat pengetahuan tentang BHD yang paling banyak adalah pengetahuan kurang sebanyak 18 orang (60%), untuk sedang sebanyak 5 orang (17%) dan untuk baik sebanyak 7 orang (23%). Jadi dalam penelitian ini Tingkat pengetahuan warga tentang bantuan hidup dasar yang paling banyak adalah pengetahuann kurang sebanyak 18 orang (60%)
Hubungan Tingkat Kecemasan Terhadap Sikap Masyarakat Akibat Pandemik Covid-19 diwilayah kerja kenagarian korong gadang
Authors: Doris Astri
Published: June 2021

Latar Belakang: Pandemik saat ini yang sedang mengguncang dunia adalah Coronavirus Disease 19 atau biasa disingkat COVID-19. Penyakit ini menyerang sistem pernapasan manusia dan bisa menyebabkan kematian. Akibat pandemik ini, maka timbul kecemasan dari semua masyarakat termasuk anak remaja. Sarana pendidikan ditutup sementara sehingga metode pembelajaran pun menggunakan sistem online. Salah satu faktor timbulnya kecemasan dari remaja adalah karena takut karena mereka tidak tahu apakah orang-orang di sekitar mereka sehat atau tidak sehingga mereka juga menghindari keramaian atau pertemuan yang mengundang banyak orang. Dan diri mereka sendiri pun takut apakah mereka membawa virus tersebut kepada orang-orang di sekitarnya. Beberapa juga takut akan adanya berita palsu mengenai COVID-19 yang suka beredar sembarangan.

Tujuan: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara tingkat kecemasan dengan sikap remaja dalam menghadapi COVID-19.

Metode: Peneliti menggunakan metode kuantitatif korelasi analitik, dengan pendekatan cross sectiona. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa SMA Advent Salemba sebanyak 138 orang dan yang menjadi sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 51 siswsssa.

Hasil: Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa tingkat kecemasan berada pada tingkat kecemasan sedang (64,7%) dan sikap yang sangat baik (52,9%) dari responden dalam menyikapi pandemik COVID-19. Adapun Analisa bivariat didapati terdapat hubungan yang siginifikan antara tingkat kecemasan siswa dengan sikap siswa dengan nilai p < 0.05.

Kesimpulan: Dapat disimpulkan bahwa para remaja mau mengikuti protokol kesehatan untuk menjaga dirinya agar tetap sehat dan terhindar dari penyakit ini dengan menjaga kebersihan diri seperti mencuci tangan setiap waktu dan makan makanan yang bergizi serta minum vitamin.
Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Pengetahuan dan Sikap Ibu Hamil Tentang Pelayanan Standar 14T Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Simpang Tiga Kabupaten Bener Meriah
Authors: HS Nurlaely
Published: June 2021

ABSTRAK

Berbagai upaya sangat diperlukan  untuk menurunkan angka kematian ibu hamil dan meningkatkan dukungan terhadap pelayanan dan kesehatan ibu, baik dalam standar pelayanan antenatal care (ANC) 14T. Dan meningkatkan cakupan persalinan oleh tenaga kesehatan. Setiap ibu hamil seharusnya mendapatkan perawatan kehamilannya secara baik, dengan cara memeriksakan kehamilannya, tetapi pada kenyataannya masih banyak ibu hamil belum mengerti yang lebih dalam tentang pemeriksaan kehamilan (ANC)14T. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pengetahuan dan sikap ibu hamil tentang standar pelayanan 14T di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Simpang Tiga Tahun 2020. Penelitian ini bersifat analitik yaitu dengan menggunakan desain cross sectional, pengumpulan data dilakukan sejak tanggal 21 Januari sampai 23 Maret 2020. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan accidental sampling sebanyak 82 responden. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan membagikan kuesioner yang berisi 15 pernyataan pengetahuan dan 15 pernyataan sikap. Hasil penelitian diperoleh tidak ada pengaruh antara pengetahuan dengan pelayanan standar 14T dengan nilai (P-value = 0,078), dan tidak ada pengaruh antara sikap dengan pelayanan standar 14T dengan nilai (P-value = 0,071). Diharapkan kepada ibu hamil dapat melakukan pemeriksaan kehamilan dengan pelayanan standar 14T agar dapat mencegah resiko-resiko pada kehamilan.

Kata Kunci                 : Pengetahuan, Sikap Ibu Hamil, Pelayanan Standar 14T

Daftar Pustaka                       : 8 Buku dan 4 Situs Internet (2012-2020)
n. 23 - POLÍTICA DE INCLUSÃO DE PESSOAS COM DEFICIÊNCIA NA UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE VIÇOSA/MG: DISCURSO E SUA PRÁTICA, NA VISÃO DE SEUS AGENTES EXECUTORES
Authors: Oliveira Nathália Dias Pereira Alves , Loreto Maria das Dores Saraiva de
Published: June 2021

Este artigo buscou caracterizar a Política de Cotas para deficientes da Universidade Federal de Viçosa, considerando o que preconiza o discurso legal e sua prática vivenciada pelos agentes executores. No percurso metodológico da pesquisa, foi realizada pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, conjugada com entrevistas com representantes de setores estratégicos da instituição, buscando responder questões relativas aos processos de adesão e implementação da política. Os resultados mostraram que a instituição teve êxito na adesão à política, mesmo diante de restrições orçamentárias e limitação de recursos humanos qualificados para atuarem no seu funcionamento. Concluiu-se que essa política, de natureza top-down, apesar de seus desafios, é de extrema importância para a instituição e para a sociedade, uma vez que busca incluir pessoas que historicamente foram excluídas de diversos espaços sociais.
Existence and Uniqueness of Solutions to Third-Order Boundary Value Problems
Authors: Almuthaybiri S. S. , Jonnalagadda J. M. , Tisdell C. C.
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this research is to connect fixed point methods with certain third-order boundary value problems in new and interesting ways. Our strategy involves an analysis of the problem under consideration within closed and bounded sets. We develop sufficient conditions under which the associated mappings will be contractive and invariant in these sets, which generates new advances concerning the existence, uniqueness and approximation of solutions.
Del primer contacto a la primera cita. interacciones en páginas de encuentro online en Chile
Authors: Tello-Navarro Felipe , Gómez Urrutia Verónica
Published: June 2021

Esta investigación analiza las interacciones de los(as) usuarios(as) de tres páginas web de citas en Chile: Badoo, Match y DatingChile. En una aproximación cualitativa, basada en la realización de veintiséis entrevistas semiestructuradas, se analizan las interacciónes “amorosas” que van desde el primer contacto en línea hasta la primera cita. El material de entrevista buscó comparar las experiencias de hombres y mujeres. Nuestros resultados evidencian que las páginas de citas online entregan un mayor espacio de libertad, especialmente a las mujeres, cuya conducta sexual es usualmente más regulada que la de los hombres, permitiéndoles transgredir ciertas lógicas tradicionales de la conducta amorosa. No obstante, estos espacios virtuales conllevan también para ellas un mayor riesgo —en un doble sentido: tanto fìsico (violencia) como moral (ser catalogada de “fácil”)—, lo que sugiere que en las páginas web de citas se utilizarían las mismas lógicas de género que en la “conquista” off-line.
Antigitanismo y anti-antigitanismo: volviendo al discurso de la resistencia romaní
Authors: Vacas Trinidad Muñoz
Published: June 2021

Analizo el concepto de Antigitanismo, su uso discursivo político y la dialéctica producida y abanderada por personas y/o entidades auto designadas como gitanas activistas políticas. El concepto de Antigitanismo está presente en la nueva versión de las luchas y reivindicaciones del pueblo gitano, dentro y fuera de España. El término aparece en artículos científicos, en medios de comunicación y en declaraciones tanto de personas concretas como de entidades e instituciones públicas y privadas. Y en todas ellas, sin excepción, se presenta como el ariete utilizado para renombrar la causa que justifica y mantiene la resistencia del pueblo gitano frente al que no lo es, generando el discurso político del anti-Antigitanismo que me llevan a concluir su potencialidad para influir en la acción política.
Book review: Wiesława Kozek: NSZZ „SOLIDARNOŚĆ” IN THE FRONT OF NEW CHALLENGES SINCE 1989
Authors: Zalewski Dariusz
Published: June 2021

The analysis is based on interviews with four leaders of the Solidarity Trade Union (Lech Wałęsa, Marian Krzaklewski, Janusz Śniadek and Piotr Duda) with the simultaneous use of extensive research achievements on the trade union movement, also co-created by the author, The basic hypotheses that were examined concern the rooting of "Solidarity" "In the popular Catholic tradition and anti-communism, which, according to the author, significantly influenced the process of the evolution of" Solidarity "as a social movement and was / is an obstacle in its functioning as a trade union. The book's empirical material is unique, and the possibility of comparing the opinions and interpretations of various events related to the history and the present of the Association, presented by the interviewees, gives the book a unique character.
Detecção de Abelhas Nativas em Colmeias em Campo Utilizando Visão Computacional
Authors: Leocádio Rodolfo R. V. , Segundo Alan K. R. , Souza Jefferson R. , Galaschi-Teixeira Juliana , Souza Paulo De , Pessin Gustavo
Published: June 2021

Abordagens de inteligência artificial, como visão computacional, podem ajudar a entender melhor o comportamento de abelhas e ajudar no seu manejo. Detectar espécies de abelhas em campo é ainda um desafio para os métodos tradicionais. Neste trabalho, propõe-se o uso do detector YOLO justificado por sua capacidade, velocidade e generalização. Foi possível detectar a grande maioria das abelhas presentes nos frames, com mAP de 99,5% de eficácia.
Comparison of Convolutional Neural Network Models for Mobile Devices
Authors: Isuyama Vivian Kimie , Albertini Bruno De Carvalho
Published: June 2021

In recent years mobile devices have become an important part of our daily lives and Deep Convolutional Neural Networks have been performing well in the task of image classification. Some considerations have to be made when running a Neural Network inside a mobile device such as computational complexity and storage size. In this paper, common architectures for image classification were analyzed to retrieve the values of accuracy rate, model complexity, memory usage, and inference time. Those values were compared and it was possible to show which architecture to choose from considering mobile restrictions.
Modelling of Home Appliances Using Fuzzy Controller in Achieving Energy Consumption and Cost Reduction
Authors: Parvin Khadija , Al-Shetwi Ali Q. , Hannan M. A. , Jern Ker Pin
Published: June 2021

While home energy prices keep rising, homeowners nowadays are searching for the right options to reduce their electricity bills. Besides, the increase in power consumption can contribute to environmental pollution. Therefore, the proper management of energy in the domestic sector is a vital element for creating a sustainable environment and cost reduction. In this study, the most domestic household appliances consumption of energy are modelled and analysed using the fuzzy logic controller (FLC) in order to permit the home energy management system (HEMS) to perform energy utilization estimation and cost analysis. These appliances are the heating ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC), electric water heater (EWH), and lighting, respectively. The developed system can help to analyse the appliances’ energy consumption and cost sceneries during peak and off-peak hours. The modelling of a fuzzy-based domestic appliances controller for HEMS takes the peak and non-peak tariff of Malaysian grid into consideration. The simulation results demonstrate that the developed models are able to manage energy consumption and cost reduction efficiently. By using the proposed FLC, the cost of energy is reduced by 21.75 %, 30.77 %, and 41.96 % for the HVAC, EWH, and dimmable lamps, respectively. In sum, the FLC shows good performance to reduce the cost and power consumption toward efficient HEMS.
Advanced Calculation Model of V-Belt Temperature Field
Authors: Xu Baoyan , Li Yehong , Wang Yuan , Ni Xindong , Wang Xin
Published: June 2021

In the process of continuous high-strength operation of the harvester, structure aging, surface hardening, brittle fracture, and other features appear on V-belt due to temperature rise, which seriously affects the service life of the belt and stability of the whole machine. To predict the temperature distribution of V-belt and improve its service life, an advanced calculation method of temperature field suitable for multiwheel is proposed. First, on the basis of analysing the heat source of the transmission belt, the values of internal friction and external friction are calculated based on AVL Excite Timing Drive (AVL Excite TD). Secondly, two-dimensional temperature field finite element calculation model is established by analysing the heat balance equation, determining the heat flow distribution coefficient and heat convection conditions. Then, to verify the calculation model of the temperature field, the experimental setup and instrumentation are built based on Controller Area Network-bus (CAN-bus) technology. At last, multi-condition tests are designed in this paper. The experiment results show that the maximum difference between the model calculated value and experiment is 4.77 ℃ in unsteady state, and 0.15 ℃ in steady state. Therefore, the multiwheel V-belt temperature field calculation model developed in this paper can realize the accurate calculation of the temperature field under steady state conditions. It has a very important guiding significance for reasonable selection of operating parameters and improvement of service lifetime of belt.
Normo-Calcemic Tetany in a Patient with Hypokalemic Periodic Paralysis of Sjogren’s Syndrome: Neuromuscular Excitability Secondary to the ‘Forgotten Cation’
Authors: Anandh Urmila , Mishra Pradeep , Malla Hilal
Published: June 2021

: A young lady, a known case of Sjogren’s syndrome, presented to our hospital with hypokalemic flaccid paralysis requiring ventilatory support. She was investigated and found to have severe hypokalemia and metabolic acidosis. During her hospitalization, she had severe persistent carpopedal spasm with normal ionized calcium. Following further evaluation, there was evidence of hypomagnesemia. The spasms were improved after her hypomagnesemia was corrected. This case report illustrate the role of hypomagnesemia in neurological abnormalities in hospitalized patients.
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Can Lead to Neurocognitive Changes in Female Rats Treated with Letrozole
Authors: Mohammadi Movahedeh , Fatemi Iman , Taghipour Zahra , Azin Mahdieh , Kaeidi Ayat , Hakimizadeh Elham , Taghizadeh Raziyeh , Hassanipour Mahsa
Published: June 2021

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder in premenopausal women. Brain functions may be affected in PCOS, and studies reported that PCOS patients are at greater risk for developing mental health conditions, including anxiety or depression. Objectives: This study was designed to evaluate the neurocognitive changes in letrozole-induced PCOS model. Methods: Twenty female Wistar rats (eight-week-old; 160 ± 10 g) were divided into two groups. Group one received vehicle only (carboxymethyl cellulose, orally) once daily, and group two received letrozole (1 mg/kg, orally) once daily. Drugs or vehicles were administered for 21 days. Afterward, behavioral tests, including forced swimming test, open field test, and Y-maze alteration task, were performed. Ovaries were removed after behavioral tests and assessed histologically to confirm the induction of PCOS. Results: Animals with PCOS developed depressive-like behaviors compared with control in forced swimming test (P < 0.001). Anxiety-like behaviors were detected in letrozole-induced PCOS group (P < 0.05). Moreover, animals with PCOS exhibited memory impairment in comparison to normal animals in Y-maze memory assessment (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Rats with PCOS showed a neurocognitive decline in the model of letrozole administration. Future studies should be conducted to clarify the exact mechanisms of these changes and possible approaches to restore them.
Molecular Study of Gardnerella vaginalis Isolated from Vaginal Discharge of Women Referring to Gynecology Clinics in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari, Iran, in 2017
Authors: Hashemi Hossein , Shakibapour Mahshid , Fazeli Hossein , Varshowsaz Jaleh , Aliyari Zahra , Yousofi Darani Hossein
Published: June 2021

Background: Vaginal infections are common among women referring to gynecological clinics worldwide, but treatment modalities cannot provide complete remission of the disease. Laboratory diagnosis of vaginal infections using more sensitive and specific methods is essential for the best treatment options. Objectives: In this study, diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis (BV) using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method was investigated. Methods: Vaginal samples were collected from 635 symptomatic women referring to gynecology clinics in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari, Iran, in 2017. All samples were then diagnosed using microscopy, culture, and PCR methods. Results: Of 635 symptomatic women, 200 cases (31.4%) were diagnosed with BV according to the culture method using the PCR method. However, 3.9% of samples who were negative based on the culture method, were diagnosed to have BV based on PCR results. Conclusions: PCR is more sensitive than culture and microscopy methods for the diagnosis of BV.
Update on Local Anesthetic Toxicity, Prevention and Treatment During Regional Anesthesia in Infants and Children
Authors: Dontukurthy Sujana , Tobias Joseph D.
Published: June 2021

Local anesthetic agents play a key role in the treatment and prevention of pain in children. Although generally safe and effective, as with any pharmacologic agent, adverse effects may occur with the administration of these medications. Systemic absorption or inadvertent systemic injection during bolus dosing or continuous infusion can result in local anesthetic systemic toxicity with life-threatening neurological and cardiac complications. The following article reviews the pharmacology of local anesthetic agents, outlines previous reports of systemic toxicity during regional anesthesia, and discusses prevention and treatment algorithms.
Serotonin Toxicity Versus Withdrawal: Clonidine One Size Fits All?
Authors: Burdine Jordan , Luedtke Sherry
Published: June 2021

Serotonin discontinuation syndrome (SDS) can result in a constellation of symptoms exhibited by infants exposed to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors or other psychotropic drugs during pregnancy. Currently, there is no consensus regarding the pharmacologic management of SDS. We report our experience with clonidine for the management of a term infant with poor neonatal adaption. The infant exhibited biphasic symptoms of acute toxicity at birth and a plateauing of symptoms, followed by subsequent withdrawal symptomatology requiring the use of clonidine in doses up to 4 mcg/kg/dose every 3 hours for control of symptoms. The 38-week gestation Caucasian male infant was born to a mother with major depressive disorder, which was managed with sertraline, trazodone, venlafaxine, and buspirone throughout her pregnancy. The infant exhibited severe hypertonia at delivery and continued to have hypertonia, tremors, hypoglycemia, and feeding issues upon admission to the NICU. The initial Modified Finnegan Neonatal Abstinence scores were extremely elevated, and clonidine was started at 1 mcg/kg/dose every 3 hours and then the dose was titrated up to 4 mcg/kg/dose. This is the first report documenting the use of clonidine to manage serotonin toxicity at birth followed by subsequent neonatal withdrawal associated with maternal antidepressant drug use during pregnancy.
Safety and Tolerability of a Rapid Transition From Intravenous Treprostinil to Oral Selexipag in Three Adolescent Patients With Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Colglazier Elizabeth , Ng Angelica J. , Parker Claire , Nawaytou Hythem , Fineman Jeffrey R.
Published: June 2021

There is limited published experience with transitioning pediatric patients from parenteral treprostinil to oral selexipag therapy. In addition, published transitions have typically been protracted, taking several weeks to complete. We present a case series of 3 adolescent patients who were transitioned from parenteral treprostinil to oral selexipag over a 5- to 7-day period. Their clinical courses leading up to the transitions are summarized and their outcomes are described. The 3 patients were successfully rapidly transitioned during an inpatient hospitalization without any observed adverse events or prostacyclin-related side effects. We conclude that when indicated rapid transition of parenteral to oral prostacyclin therapy may be performed safely in adolescents in an inpatient setting.
Apostrofere den levende
Authors: Haugen Warberg Silje
Published: June 2021

Olaug Nilssen’s Tung tids tale (2017) is a novel about speaking to and for the disabled and disarticulate child in the role as mother and caregiver. Olaug, the narrator, tells the story of her son Daniel’s regressive autism and of the challenges she meets as she tries to mediate between him and the outside world, in particular health personnel and other professional caregivers. The narration is directed towards Daniel himself, addressed as ”you”. Because Daniel is unable to use verbal language and reply, the address resembles the figure of the apostrophe. The communication circuit it generates is triangulated, involving both the ”I” that sends the message, the unresponsive ”you” who is unable to respond to it, and a third party intended to overhear it – in this case the implicit or historical readers of the text. In the article the functions of this address is explored in the light of how the novel thematizes caregiving as an act of witnessing. I argue that the apostrophic address produces an alternative to the novel’s narrative through the establishment of an aesthetic and rhetorical event constituted by the communicative situation itself. The address thus provides a formal way of handling the ethical and existential dimensions connected to Olaug’s role as caregiver and narrator in a text that speaks both for and to her son.
Strange Encounter of the Third Kind
Authors: Andreas Hess
Published: June 2021

In this paper the author takes issue with the notion of the Black Atlantic as discussed by the British scholar Paul Gilroy. While sympathising with the overall perspective it criticises Gilroy's uncritical, almost iconographic, approach to black intellectual celebrities such as W. E. B. Du Bois and C. L. R. James and particularly their discussion of Marxist tropes and communist politics.
Sociologies of New Zealand
Authors: Collyer Fran
Published: June 2021

Book review of:

Crothers, Charles. 2018. Sociologies of New Zealand. Sociology Transformed Series. Cham: Palgrave Macmillan. 151 pp.ISBN 978-3-319-73866-6. Price: €53,49
Adolphe Quetelet
Authors: Louckx Kaat
Published: June 2021

Book review of:

Donnelly, Kevin (2015) Adolphe Quetelet, Social Physics and the Average Men of Science, 1796–1874. University of Pittsburgh Press 219 pp.ISBN: 978-1-84893-568-6Price: $45
Diagnóstico sistémico-cibernético de una institución de educación superior universitaria
Authors: Taipe Castro Robensoy Marco
Published: June 2021

La investigación incurre en el diagnóstico organizacional mediante la cibernética organizacional y el enfoque sistémico; justificado en la posibilidad de evidenciar la efectividad organizacional, acrecentar conceptos de patologías y arquetipos organizacionales. El objetivo es diagnosticar el sistema de gestión para evidenciar la viabilidad y eficacia del servicio profesional en la institución de educación superior pública. Del mismo modo, la investigación inicia un análisis de patologías y arquetipos sistémico-cibernéticos organizacionales, luego, el diagnóstico de las funciones sistémicas plasmados en un modelo de sistema viable de la institución. En síntesis, evidencia las condiciones actuales de la institución de educación superior universitaria desde el enfoque sistémico-cibernético, el sistema de gestión de la calidad ISO 9001:2015 y el modelo de acreditación SINEACE.
Los retos de la planificación universitaria en el marco de la crisis del presente: una revisión alternativa
Authors: González Jose Jair , TAFUR OSORIO MARLY VIVIANA , Martínez Leal Darío Alfonso , López-Garay Hernán , Lopera Daniel
Published: June 2021

Las universidades en su historia han experimentado diversos cambios y se han visto enfrentadas a factores adversos, que siguen vigentes, como: la exclusión, el elitismo y una marcada influencia de las estructuras de poder tales como la Iglesia, el Estado y el Mercado. Bajo la lógica del modelo de mercados, la educación, siendo principalmente un derecho, se fue concibiendo como un servicio, de lo cual se instituyó su función económica, además de la social, haciendo necesaria la adopción de modelos de gestión que enfatizan en la sostenibilidad, la organización burocrática, la planificación estratégica y la implementación de mecanismos, cada vez más estrictos de previsión, control y medición del éxito. De este escenario, derivaron diversas tensiones, como: la competencia entre instituciones, las presiones para responder a las regulaciones del gobierno y la necesidad de garantizar la sostenibilidad social y financiera, entre otras; haciendo de la autonomía y la libertad de cátedra un reto mayúsculo, en un escenario de crisis global a nivel político, social, ambiental y económico.
En países como Colombia, este escenario de crisis se ha caracterizado, además, por tensiones socio-culturales entre actores que demandan otros modelos de vida, y por ende de una Educación Superior ajustada a las necesidades de transformación desde los territorios y las cosmovisiones allí situadas, haciendo latente la necesidad de modelos educativos y de planificación coherentes y pertinentes en relación con las realidades del país – Ejemplo de ello es la Universidad Autónoma Indígena Intercultural-.
La gestión universitaria actual, demanda procesos de concepción y direccionamiento diversos, participativos y situados en los contextos, de los cuales emane la formulación de planes de desarrollos institucionales coherentes y pertinentes. Es así como la planeación es un factor clave, en tanto que desde allí es posible sentí-pensar-actuar los procesos de cambio en contextos marcados por la incertidumbre y la crisis epocal. Este artículo plantea un recorrido crítico-histórico del devenir de las universidades y la planificación institucional, desde el cual se erigen y delinean los retos de las Universidades en el momento presente.
Jóvenes fans del vinilo: breves notas sobre el ‘revival’ del coleccionismo de música en formato físico
Authors: Roig Antoni
Published: June 2021

Las cifras nos lo recuerdan frecuentemente: el vinilo no solo no ha desaparecido, sino que su consumo está en una línea claramente ascendente a escala mundial. Aunque lo parezca, este fenómeno no es en absoluto cosa de fans de cierta edad que han vivido la era de los vinilos. Lo que me lleva a escribir este artículo es la curiosidad de saber por qué hay un porcentaje importante de adolescentes y jóvenes que se sienten atraídos por los discos en vinilo e incluso los coleccionan. Pongámonos a girar y bajemos la aguja.
A Sea Cow Goes to Court. Extinction and Animal Agency in a Struggle Against Militarism
Authors: Palz Marius
Published: June 2021

In Japan’s southernmost prefecture, Okinawa, the Japanese government is constructing a new military base for the United States Marine Corps despite ongoing local opposition and protest. Sea grass beds, which are potential feeding grounds of the critically endangered Okinawa dugong, are situated within the construction area. Because of its critical status close to regional extinction, the dugong was declared a Natural Monument of Japan in 1972, arguably putting it under protection of the United States National Historic Preservation Act in context of the base construction. Based on this assumption, and the dugong’s cultural significance for the people of Okinawa, the issue was brought to an American court, a rare case where an animal plays a central role in a lawsuit dealing with cultural property. Based on Eduardo Kohn’s anthropology beyond the human and his thoughts on life as a semiotic process the article explores the entanglements between dugongs and people. I argue that in this process dugongs play an active role. Through their interpretation of the generated indexical signs at the construction site and their resulting behaviour, these animals give humans the opportunity to convert their presence and absence into the sphere of symbolic human interaction.
Direct extraction of signal and noise correlations from two-photon calcium imaging of ensemble neuronal activity
Authors: Rupasinghe Anuththara , Francis Nikolas , Liu Ji , Bowen Zac , Kanold Patrick O , Babadi Behtash
Published: June 2021

Neuronal activity correlations are key to understanding how populations of neurons collectively encode information. While two-photon calcium imaging has created a unique opportunity to record the activity of large populations of neurons, existing methods for inferring correlations from these data face several challenges. First, the observations of spiking activity produced by two-photon imaging are temporally blurred and noisy. Secondly, even if the spiking data were perfectly recovered via deconvolution, inferring network-level features from binary spiking data is a challenging task due to the non-linear relation of neuronal spiking to endogenous and exogenous inputs. In this work, we propose a methodology to explicitly model and directly estimate signal and noise correlations from two-photon fluorescence observations, without requiring intermediate spike deconvolution. We provide theoretical guarantees on the performance of the proposed estimator and demonstrate its utility through applications to simulated and experimentally recorded data from the mouse auditory cortex.
Structure and mechanistic features of the prokaryotic minimal RNase P
Authors: Feyh Rebecca , Waeber Nadine B , Prinz Simone , Giammarinaro Pietro Ivan , Bange Gert , Hochberg Georg , Hartmann Roland K , Altegoer Florian
Published: June 2021

Endonucleolytic removal of 5’-leader sequences from tRNA precursor transcripts (pre-tRNAs) by ribonuclease P (RNase P) is essential for protein synthesis. Beyond RNA-based RNase P enzymes, protein-only versions of the enzyme exert this function in various eukarya (there termed PRORPs) and in some bacteria (Aquifex aeolicus and close relatives); both enzyme types belong to distinct subgroups of the PIN domain metallonuclease superfamily. Homologs of Aquifex RNase P (HARPs) are also expressed in some other bacteria and many archaea, where they coexist with RNA-based RNase P and do not represent the main RNase P activity. Here, we solved the structure of the bacterial HARP from Halorhodospira halophila by cryo-electron microscopy, revealing a novel screw-like dodecameric assembly. Biochemical experiments demonstrate that oligomerization is required for RNase P activity of HARPs. We propose that the tRNA substrate binds to an extended spike-helix (SH) domain that protrudes from the screw-like assembly to position the 5’-end in close proximity to the active site of the neighboring dimer. The structure suggests that eukaryotic PRORPs and prokaryotic HARPs recognize the same structural elements of pre-tRNAs (tRNA elbow region and cleavage site). Our analysis thus delivers the structural and mechanistic basis for pre-tRNA processing by the prokaryotic HARP system.
Strategies for Governing
Authors: Roberts Alasdair
Published: June 2021

With the fields of public administration and public management suffering a crisis of relevance, this book offers a provocative assessment of their shortfalls. The two fields, it finds, no longer address urgent questions of governance in a turbulent and dangerous world. The book offers a new path forward for research, teaching, and practice. Leaders of states are constantly reinventing strategies for governing. Experts in public administration must give advice on the design as well as execution of strategies that is effective, robust, and principled. The book challenges us to reinvigorate public administration and public management, preparing the fields for the challenges of the twenty-first century.
The Stuff of Soldiers
Authors: Schechter Brandon M.
Published: June 2021

This book uses everyday objects to tell the story of the Great Patriotic War as never before. The book attends to a diverse array of things to show how a wide array of citizens became soldiers, and how the provisioning of material goods separated soldiers from civilians. The book reveals how the use of everyday items made it possible to wage war. The dazzling range of documents showcases ethnic diversity, women's particular problems at the front, and vivid descriptions of violence and looting. Each chapter features a series of related objects: weapons, uniforms, rations, and even the knick-knacks in a soldier's rucksack. These objects narrate the experience of people at war, illuminating the changes taking place in Soviet society over the course of the most destructive conflict in recorded history. The book argues that spoons, shovels, belts, and watches held as much meaning to the waging of war as guns and tanks. It describes the transformative potential of material things to create a modern culture, citizen, and soldier during World War II.
Amoral Communities
Authors: Dragojević Mila
Published: June 2021

This book examines how conditions conducive to atrocities against civilians are created during wartime in some communities. It identifies the exclusion of moderates and the production of borders as the main processes. In these places, political and ethnic identities become linked and targeted violence against civilians becomes both tolerated and justified by the respective authorities as a necessary sacrifice for a greater political goal. The book augments the literature on genocide and civil wars by demonstrating how violence can be used as a political strategy, and how communities, as well as individuals, remember episodes of violence against civilians. It focuses on Croatia in the 1990s, and Uganda and Guatemala in the 1980s. In each case, it is considered how people who have lived peacefully as neighbors for many years are suddenly transformed into enemies, yet intracommunal violence is not ubiquitous throughout the conflict zone; rather, it is specific to particular regions or villages within those zones. As the book describes, the exclusion of moderates and the production of borders limit individuals' freedom to express their views, work to prevent the possible defection of members of an in-group, and facilitate identification of individuals who are purportedly a threat. Even before mass killings begin, the book finds, these and similar changes will have transformed particular villages or regions into amoral communities, places where the definition of crime changes and violence is justified as a form of self-defense by perpetrators.
Sentiment, Reason, and Law
Authors: Martin Jeffrey T.
Published: June 2021

What if the job of police was to cultivate the political will of a community to live with itself (rather than enforce law, keep order, or fight crime)? This book describes a world where that is the case. The Republic of China on Taiwan spent nearly four decades as a single-party state under dictatorial rule (1949–1987) before transitioning to liberal democracy. This book describes the social life of a neighborhood police station during the first rotation in executive power following the democratic transition. It shows an apparent paradox of how a strong democratic order was built on a foundation of weak police powers, and demonstrates how that was made possible by the continuity of an illiberal idea of policing. The conclusion from this paradox is that the purpose of the police was to cultivate the political will of the community rather than enforce laws and keep order. As the book shows, the police force in Taiwan exists as an “anthropological fact,” bringing an order of reality that is always, simultaneously and inseparably, meaningful and material. It unveils the power of this fact, demonstrating how the politics of sentiment that took shape under autocratic rule continued to operate in everyday policing in the early phase of the democratic transformation, even as a more democratic mode of public reason and the ultimate power of legal right were becoming more significant.
Violence as Usual
Authors: Muschalek Marie
Published: June 2021

Slaps in the face, kicks, beatings, and other forms of run-of-the-mill violence were a quotidian part of life in German Southwest Africa at the beginning of the twentieth century. Unearthing this culture of normalized violence in a settler colony, this book uncovers the workings of a powerful state that was built in an improvised fashion by low-level state representatives. The book begins by providing a background on the power of everyday violence in the settler colony of German Southwest Africa. It explores the violent acts orchestrated by the police force (Landespolizei). Instead of being built primarily on formal, legal, and bureaucratic processes, the colonial state was produced by improvised, informal practices of violence. The book concludes with reflections on the nature of everyday violence in colonial Africa. Coming from multiple cultural groups, the African and German men of the Landespolizei shared a host of moral codes. The dynamics of violence were inscribed into a moral economy of the accepted and normal. The daily brutality of modern colonialism was a horrific injustice, but it was also a way of life with its own rules and regularities.
Skis in the Art of War
Authors: Eimeleus K. B. E. E.
Published: June 2021

The author of this book was ahead of his time with his advocacy of ski training in the Russian armed forces. Employing terminology never before used in Russian to describe movements with which few were familiar, the book gives a breakdown of the latest techniques at the time from Scandinavia and Finland. The author's work is an early and brilliant example of knowledge transfer from Scandinavia to Russia within the context of sport. Nearly three decades after the book was published, the Finnish army, employing many of the ideas first proposed by the author, used mobile ski troops to hold the Soviet Union at bay during the Winter War of 1939–1940, and in response, the Soviet government organized a massive ski mobilization effort prior to the German invasion in 1941. The Soviet counteroffensive against Nazi Germany during the winter of 1941–1942 owed much of its success to the Red Army ski battalions that had formed as a result of the ski mobilization. This volume is a translation of the original and includes most of the original illustrations.
Chronicles in Stone
Authors: Donovan Victoria
Published: June 2021

This book is a study of the powerful and pervasive myth of the Russian Northwest, its role in forming Soviet and Russian identities, and its impact on local communities. The book explores the transformation of three northwestern Russian towns from provincial backwaters into the symbolic homelands of the Soviet and Russian nations. The book's central argument is that the Soviet state exploited the cultural heritage of the Northwest to craft patriotic narratives of the people's genius, heroism, and strength that could bind the nation together after 1945. Through sustained engagement with local voices, it reveals the ways these narratives were internalized, revised, and resisted by the communities living in the region. The book provides an alternative lens through which to view the rise of Russian patriotic consciousness in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries, adding a valuable regional dimension to our knowledge of Russian nation building and identity politics.