bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Measurement Agreement Between Samozino's Method and Force Plate Force-Velocity Profiles During Barbell and Hexbar Countermovement Jumps
Authors: Hicks Dylan S. , Drummond Claire , Williams Kym J.
Published: October 2021

Hicks, DS, Drummond, C, and Williams, KJ. Measurement agreement between Samozino's method and force plate force-velocity profiles during barbell and hexbar countermovement jumps. J Strength Cond Res 36(12): 3290–3300, 2022—This study aimed to measure agreement between using Samozino's method and force plates to determine mean force, velocity, and power during unloaded and loaded barbell and hexbar countermovement jumps. Twenty-one subjects performed countermovement jumps against incremental loads using both loading conditions. Ground reaction force was recorded using a dual-force plate system (1,000 Hz) and used as the criterion method to compare with Samozino's method. Reliability and validity was determined by intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs), coefficient of variation (CV), limits of agreement plots, and least products regression analysis. Samozino's method provided acceptable levels of reliability for mean force, velocity, and power (ICC > 0.90, CV% < 5.5) across both loading conditions. Limits of agreement analysis showed the mean bias was 2.7, 15.4, and 7.2% during barbell countermovement jumps and 1.8, 12.4, and 5.0% during hexbar countermovement jumps for mean force, velocity, and power, respectively. Based on these findings, Samozino's method not only is reliable when measuring mean force, velocity, and power during loaded and unloaded barbell and hexbar countermovement jumps but also identifies limitations regarding concurrent validity compared with the gold standard. Across loading conditions, Samozino's method overestimated mean force (0.5–4.5%) and underestimated mean velocity (11.81–16.78%) and mean power (2.26–7.85%) compared with the force plates. Because of fixed and proportional bias between criterion and predictor, the results do not support the use of Samozino's method to measure mean force, velocity, and power. Therefore, it is not recommended for practitioners to use Samozino's method to estimate mechanical variables during loaded and unloaded countermovement jump actions using a barbell and hexbar.
Medial Entorhinal Cortex Excitatory Neurons Are Necessary for Accurate Timing
Authors: Dias Marcelo , Ferreira Raquel , Remondes Miguel
Published: October 2021

The hippocampal region has long been considered critical for memory of time, and recent evidence shows that network operations and single-unit activity in the hippocampus and medial entorhinal cortex (MEC) correlate with elapsed time. However, whether MEC activity is necessary for timing remains largely unknown. Here we expressed DREADDs (designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs) under the CaMKIIa promoter to preferentially target MEC excitatory neurons for chemogenetic silencing, while freely moving male rats reproduced a memorized time interval by waiting inside a region of interest. We found that such silencing impaired the reproduction of the memorized interval and led to an overestimation of elapsed time. Trial history analyses under this condition revealed a reduced influence of previous trials on current waiting times, suggesting an impairment in maintaining temporal memories across trials. Moreover, using GLM (logistic regression), we show that decoding behavioral performance from preceding waiting times was significantly compromised when MEC was silenced. In addition to revealing an important role of MEC excitatory neurons for timing behavior, our results raise the possibility that these neurons contribute to such behavior by holding temporal information across trials.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTMedial temporal lobe (MTL) structures are implicated in processing temporal information. However, little is known about the role MTL structures, such as the hippocampus and the entorhinal cortex, play in perceiving or reproducing temporal intervals. By chemogenetically silencing medial entorhinal cortex (MEC) excitatory activity during a timing task, we show that this structure is necessary for the accurate reproduction of temporal intervals. Furthermore, trial history analyses suggest that silencing MEC disrupts memory mechanisms during timing. Together, these results suggest that MEC is necessary for timing behavior, possibly by representing the target interval in memory.
Discrimination, Life Stress, and Mental Health Among Muslims: A Preregistered Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Kathawalla Ummul-Kiram , Syed Moin
Published: October 2021

Research suggests that experiences of discrimination and life stressors are associated with negative mental-health outcomes for Muslim populations in western countries. The current study reports on two meta-analyses based on 295 correlations from 130 unique samples and 27,725 individuals, examining the associations of discrimination and life stressors, both separately and jointly, with mental health. Discrimination was significantly associated with negative mental-health outcomes (rs = .22–.23). Between-study variability in effects sizes was explained by discrimination level, mental-health outcome, number of discrimination measure items, and refugee status. Life stressors were also significantly associated with negative mental-health outcomes (rs = .32–.37). Between-study variability in effect sizes was explained by publication bias, sample population, number of life stressor measure items, continent, and ethnicity. Both omnibus effect-size estimates were robust to tests of publication bias, outliers, and within-study dependence. Results suggest unique associations between both discrimination and life stressors with mental health. In the current sociopolitical climate, this study is an important step to better serve the mental health needs of the growing global Muslim community.
Core parametric study for enhancing the radioisotope production in the IEA-R1 research reactor
Authors: Stefani Giovanni Laranjo , Genezini Frederico Antônio , Santos Thiago Augusto , Moreira João Manoel de Losada
Published: October 2021

In this work a parametric study was carried to increase the production of radioisotopes in the IEA-R1 research reactor. The changes proposed to implement in the IEA-R1 reactor core were the substitution of graphite reflectors by beryllium reflectors, the removal of 4 fuel elements to reduce the core size and make available 4 additional locations to be occupied by radioisotope irradiation devices. The key variable analyzed is the thermal neutron flux in the irradiation devices.  The proposed configuration with 20 fuel elements in an approximately cylindrical geometry provided higher average neutron flux (average increment of 12.9 %) allowing higher radioisotope production capability. In addition, it provided 4 more positions to install  irradiation devices which allow a larger number of simultaneous irradiations practically doubling the capacity of radioisotope production in the IEA-R1 reactor. The insertion of Be reflector elements in the core has to be studied carefully since it tends to promote strong neutron flux redistribution in the core. A verification of design and safety parameters of the proposed  core was carried out. The annual fuel consumption will increase about 17 % and more storage space for spent fuel will be required.
Cardiogenic Shock: Protocols, Teams, Centers, and Networks
Authors: Warren Alex F , Rosner Carolyn , Gattani Raghav , Truesdell Alex G , Proudfoot Alastair G
Published: October 2021

The mortality of cardiogenic shock (CS) remains unacceptably high. Delays in the recognition of CS and access to disease-modifying or hemodynamically stabilizing interventions likely contribute to poor outcomes. In parallel to successful initiatives in other disease states, such as acute ST-elevation MI and major trauma, institutions are increasingly advocating the use of a multidisciplinary ‘shock team’ approach to CS management. A volume–outcome relationship exists in CS, as with many other acute cardiovascular conditions, and the emergence of ‘shock hubs’ as experienced facilities with an interest in improving CS outcomes through a hub-and-spoke ‘shock network’ approach provides another opportunity to deliver improved CS care as widely and equitably as possible. This narrative review outlines improvements from a networked approach to care, discusses a team-based and protocolized approach to CS management, reviews the available evidence and discusses the potential benefits, challenges, and opportunities of such systems of care.
A fejlődés-pszichofiziológia 30 éve Magyarországon (1990–2020)
Authors: Csépe Valéria
Published: October 2021

A magyarországi fejlődés-pszichofiziológia három évtizedes történetét összefoglaló tanulmány a jelentősebb kutatások eredményeit négy főbb témacsoportban mutatja be. Ezek: a) a fejlődés-pszichofiziológiai módszerekkel végzett kutatások kezdetei, b) a nemzetközi kutatási kapcsolatok főbb területei, c) az eseményhez kötött agyi potenciálok módszerével végzett kutatások hazai főbb eredményei, valamint azok nemzetközi beágyazottsága és trendjei, d) a kognitív fejlődés-idegtudomány önálló területének kialakulása. Az áttekintésben hangsúlyosan jelenik meg a kutatási terület szerves kapcsolódása a pszichológia releváns ágaihoz (fejlődés-, kísérleti, kognitív pszichológia) és vizsgált életkori szakaszaihoz, beleértve a humán fejlődés fiziológiai módszereket alkalmazó pszichológiai kutatásának teljes vertikumát a tipikustól az atipikusig, a csecsemőkortól az öregedésig.

The review summarizes the three-decades history of developmental psychophysiology in Hungary and presents the significant scientific achievements in four thematic domains. These are: a) the first years of research using developmental psychophysiological methods, b) the main areas of international research relations, c) the main results of research using event-related brain potentials, and their international relations and trends, d) the rise of a new independent field called cognitive developmental neuroscience. The review highlights the important links between the research area and the relevant branches of psychology (developmental, experimental, cognitive psychology) as well as the age range studied, including the entire continuum of psychological research on human development using physiological methods, from typical to atypical, and from infancy to aging.
Legal regulation of tourist activity in the context of Ukrainian legislation reform about tourism
Authors: Opanasiuk Nataliia , Okhrimenko Alla , Popovych Sergii
Published: October 2021

The problems of legal regulation of tourist activity in Ukraine are analyzed. Based on the diagnosis of the current Law of Ukraine "On Tourism" and the practice of their implementation, it is established, that the most conflicting are issues related to the requirements for tourism and the accumulation of excessive bureaucratic burden on business, the existence of discriminatory conditions of tourism enterprises guarantees that do not take into account the volume of travel services by enterprises, the exclusivity of tour operators, the regulation of issues related to the execution of contracts for tourist services, including in the form of vouchers, conflict of laws on the permit system for the right to provide tourist support; prohibitions for travel agents to cooperate with non-residents, etc.). It is also established, that the outdated terminological and conceptual apparatus is used, there is a lack of effective mechanisms for consumer protection and real stimulation of the development of priority for the state inbound and domestic tourism. Based on the study, it is noted, that the current Law of Ukraine "On Tourism" does not meet current trends and needs significant substantive comprehensive reform to meet the interests and demands of society and business, taking into account international experience in tourism development. Attention is drawn to the need to harmonize Ukrainian legislation with international law and take into account the experience of most countries with developed markets for tourism services, there are examples of settlement of tourism in the EU. It is also noted, that the strengthening of security measures during 2020-2021 due to the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic and changes in the conditions of providing services in the field of tourism (introduction of travel safety measures, vaccination certificates and PCR testing for travel, self-isolation and observation regimes for travelers, changes in the conditions of insurance protection of tourists to travel abroad, etc.) also require legal regulation at the legislative level. Examples of attempts to reform the current Law of Ukraine on Tourism are given.
Effect of micronutrients on growth and yield of cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata)
Authors: Patel R.C. , Patel G.S. , Acharya S.K. , Vadodaria J.R. , Mori C.V.
Published: October 2021

The present experiment was carried out during the winter 2017 at experimental farm College of Horticulture, SDAU, Jagudan (Gujarat). The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with factorial concept and it has twenty four treatments cominations viz., stages of micronutrient application (S) i.e. s1 - at seedling stage (15 DAS), s2 - after transplanting (20 and 35 DAT) and s3 - at seedling stage (15 DAS) and after transplanting (20 and 35 DAT) and the second factor was micronutrients with eight levels viz., m0 - Zn 0 ppm + B 0 ppm + Mo 0 ppm, m1 - Zn 0 ppm + B 0 ppm + Mo 50 ppm, m2 - Zn 0 ppm + B 200 ppm + Mo 0 ppm, m3 - Zn 0 ppm + B 200 ppm + Mo 50 ppm, m4 - Zn 1000 ppm + B 0 ppm + Mo 0 ppm, m5 - Zn 1000 ppm + B 0 ppm + Mo 50 ppm, m6 - Zn 1000 ppm + B 200 ppm + Mo 0 ppm, m7 - Zn 1000 ppm + B 200 ppm + Mo 50 ppm and they were replicated thrice. The results indicates that micronutrient application at seedling stage (15 DAS) and after transplanting (20 and 35 DAT) gave maximum plant height at 20, 35 DAT and at harvest. As far as yield parameter is concerned average weight of head, yield per plot and yield per hectare was observed higher due to this treatment. Higher dose of micronutrient application was found i.e. @ Zn 1000 ppm + B 200 ppm + Mo 50 ppm superior for growth parameters i.e. plant height at 20, 35 DAT and at harvest, number of leaves, leaf area 45 DAT, average weight of head, yield per plot and yield per hectare.
CHALLENGES TO THE 10 GOLDEN RULES FOR A SAFE MINIMALLY INVASIVE SURGERY (MIS) INGUINAL HERNIA REPAIR: CAN WE IMPROVE?
Authors: CLAUS Christiano , CAVAZOLLA Leandro Totti , FURTADO Marcelo , MALCHER Flavio , FELIX Edward
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT Background: Since publication of our paper “Ten Golden Rules for a Safe MIS Inguinal Hernia Repair” we have received many questions. As the authors, we feel it is important to address these topics as a follow-up to our paper. Aim: To discuss in more details the main points of controversy, review the rules and update de recommendations. Method: The questions and discussions came mainly over five rules, numbered 3, 5, 6, 7, 10. We analyzed all the comments about recommendations and update some technical principles. Results: Rule 3 - Removing normal fat plugs from the obturator canal is unnecessary and therefore is not recommended; Rule 5 - transection of the uterine round ligament (1 cm proximal to the deep ring) facilitates adequate dissection. When performed in this way it does not appear to be associated with complications; Rule 6 - transection of huge sacs are safer than over-dissection of the cord structures. Whether dissecting completely the sac or abandon the distal part it results in less postoperative seromas is an ongoing debate; Rule 7 - any retroperitoneal structure traversing the internal ring is or play a role like a hernia. Failing to identify and remove the lipoma will ultimately result in the patient experiencing a recurrence; Rule 10 - in TAPP peritoneum should preferably be closed with suture than tackes. Conclusion: 10 Golden Rules emphasize the most important surgical tips and technical steps that allow the safe performance of MIS repairs of inguinal hernias, regardless the technique.
IS BODY MASS INDEX AND OBESITY SURGERY MORTALITY SCORE IMPORTANT IN PERIOPERATIVE COMPLICATIONS OF LAPAROSCOPIC SLEEVE GASTRECTOMY BEFORE DISCHARGE?
Authors: BOZAN Mehmet Buğra , KUTLUER Nizamettin , AKSU Ali , BOZAN Ayşe AZAK , KANAT Burhan Hakan , BÖYÜK Abdullah
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT Background: Morbid obesity surgery and related complications have increased with time. Aim: To evaluate the relationship between perioperative complications before discharge and preoperative body mass index and obesity surgery mortality score in laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. Method: 1617 patients who met the inclusion criteria were evaluated retrospectively. The patients were examined in terms of demographic data, presence of comorbidities, whether there were complications or not, type of complications and obesity surgery mortality score. Results: Complications were seen in 40 patients (2.5%) and mortality wasn’t seen in the early postoperative period before discharge. The mean age of patients with complications was 36.3±10.02 years (19-57) and without complications 34.12±9.54 (15-64) years. The preoperative mean BMI values of patients with and without complications were 45.05±3.93 (40-57) kg/m2 and 44.8±3.49 (35-67) kg/m2 respectively. According to BMI groups 40-45 kg/m2, 45-50 kg/m2 and 50 and over, there was not any statistical significance seen in three groups in terms of complication positivity and major-minor complication rates. There was not any statistical significance seen between the patients with and without major-minor complications and obesity surgery mortality score. Conclusion: There was not any relation between perioperative laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy complication rates before discharge and BMI and obesity surgery mortality scores.
SOFTWARE-ASSISTED IMAGE ANALYSIS FOR IDENTIFICATION AND QUANTIFICATION OF HEPATIC SINUSOIDAL DILATATION AND CENTRILOBULAR FIBROSIS
Authors: GEWEHR Douglas Mesadri , GIOVANINI Allan Fernando , MUNHOZ Sofia Inez , NAGASHIMA Seigo , BERTOLDI Andressa de Souza , SOBRAL Ana Cristina Lira , KUBRUSLY Fernando Bermudez , KUBRUSLY Luiz Fernando
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT Background: Heart dysfunction and liver disease often coexist because of systemic disorders. Any cause of right ventricular failure may precipitate hepatic congestion and fibrosis. Digital image technologies have been introduced to pathology diagnosis, allowing an objective quantitative assessment. The quantification of fibrous tissue in liver biopsy sections is extremely important in the classification, diagnosis and grading of chronic liver disease. Aim: To create a semi-automatic computerized protocol to quantify any amount of centrilobular fibrosis and sinusoidal dilatation in liver Masson’s Trichrome-stained specimen. Method: Once fibrosis had been established, liver samples were collected, histologically processed, stained with Masson’s trichrome, and whole-slide images were captured with an appropriated digital pathology slide scanner. After, a random selection of the regions of interest (ROI’s) was conducted. The data were subjected to software-assisted image analysis (ImageJ®). Results: The analysis of 250 ROI’s allowed to empirically obtain the best application settings to identify the centrilobular fibrosis (CF) and sinusoidal lumen (SL). After the establishment of the colour threshold application settings, an in-house Macro was recorded to set the measurements (fraction area and total area) and calculate the CF and SL ratios by an automatic batch processing. Conclusion: Was possible to create a more detailed method that identifies and quantifies the area occupied by fibrous tissue and sinusoidal lumen in Masson’s trichrome-stained livers specimens.
¿De qué hablamos cuando decimos ‘Estilos de Vida?’: la experiencia de una comunidad educativa en Colombia
Authors: Torres Ana Yibby Forero , Galvis Edna Rocio Rubio
Published: October 2021

RESUMEN Se propone repensar la noción ‘estilos de vida saludables’, a partir de la experiencia de una comunidad educativa de Colombia y desde la noción ‘estilos de vida’ planteada por las ciencias sociales, abordando las percepciones sobre alimentación, actividad física, salud y enfermedad. Se implementó una metodología cualitativa, participaron niñas y niños, adolescentes, cuidadores y educadores de Instituciones Educativas de 4 municipios de Cundinamarca, Colombia. A través de las narrativas expuestas se demuestra que los estilos de vida no se pueden limitar a un análisis de conductas de riesgo ya que tienen un componente estructural y están mediados por factores como el tiempo, la infraestructura, los espacios y prácticas individuales como colectivas. Se concluye que a pesar de que las personas conocen y dominan el discurso de los ‘estilos de vida saludables’ no se identifican con este, porque no dialoga con sus realidades, ni tiene en cuenta aspectos estructurales como edad, clase social, género, etnia, lo cual está relacionado con la posibilidad de ser o no saludable.
Mortalidade proporcional nos povos indígenas no Brasil nos anos 2000, 2010 e 2018
Authors: Alves Francielle Thalita Almeida , Prates Elton Junio Sady , Carneiro Luis Henrique Prado , Sá Ana Carolina Micheletti Gomide Nogueira de , Pena Érica Dumont , Malta Deborah Carvalho
Published: October 2021

RESUMO O objetivo do estudo foi analisar a mortalidade indígena no Brasil em 2000, 2010 e 2018. Estudo descritivo com dados do Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade. Calculou-se a mortalidade proporcional entre indígenas e restante da população brasileira, segundo idade, sexo, causa e regiões do Brasil. A proporção de óbitos em indígenas menores de 1 ano em 2000, 2010 e 2018 foi de 15,3%, 17,7% e 16,2%; e no restante do Brasil, foi de 7,2%, 3,5% e 2,7% respectivamente. A proporção de óbitos a partir de 50 anos nos indígenas nos mesmos anos foi de 47,0%, 48,1% e 52,0%; e no restante do Brasil, foi de 66,8%, 74,4% e 79,4%. Em 2018, indígenas menores de 1 ano morreram mais de afecções perinatais (39,4%), doenças infecciosas e parasitárias (10,1%) e causas externas (9,8%). Em menores de 1 ano do restante da população brasileira, essas causas corresponderam a 57,8%, 3,8% e 2,8%. Indígenas acima de 50 anos morreram mais por doenças circulatórias (28,6%), respiratórias (15,4%) e neoplasias (14,6%); e no restante da população brasileira, essas causas representaram 31,5%, 13,6% e 19,0%. Evidenciaram-se desigualdades em saúde e piores indicadores nos povos indígenas no Brasil.
Judicialização da saúde: as teses do STF
Authors: Santos Lenir
Published: October 2021

RESUMO O presente artigo sistematiza e analisa teses firmadas pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF) em relação à judicialização da saúde. O STF vem se pronunciando a respeito do tema, tendo firmado teses de repercussão geral, ou seja, que obriga a todos. A judicialização da saúde tem sido crescente e polêmica pelas decisões dos magistrados e pela intensidade, afetando a gestão do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), em especial os municípios. O presente estudo visa a sistematização dos julgados do STF para a melhor compreensão dos agentes públicos e do cidadão quanto ao entendimento jurídico- constitucional da Corte Superior para a melhor orientação quanto às defesas dos entes públicos e às demandas do cidadão que se sente ao desamparo em suas necessidades de saúde. Essa sistematização se faz acompanhar de análise crítica quando às decisões que ora pendem a balança para um ou outro lado, quando o melhor julgamento é o que mantém o fiel da balança. Mas nem sempre, na visão da sociedade e dos gestores do SUS, a balança é mantida em seu almejado equilíbrio. E o presente trabalho consiste nesses apontamentos.
Características de profissionais de saúde acometidos por Covid-19: revisão integrativa da literatura
Authors: Rocha Roseany Patrícia da Silva , Oliveira João Lucas Campos de , Carvalho Ariana Rodrigues da Silva , Matos Bruno Augusto Barros e , Mufato Leandro Felipe , Ribeiro Antônio Cesar , Silva Gleicy Kelly Teles da
Published: October 2021

RESUMO O objetivo do estudo consistiu em identificar as características de profissionais de saúde acometidos por Covid-19. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura guiada por seis etapas e que pesquisou cinco fontes de dados. Após o estabelecimento do fluxo de seleção do material levantado (N=5.522), determinou-se a amostra de artigos analisada (n=30). Desta, foram sintetizadas informações a respeito das características dos trabalhadores e relativas ao acometimento por Covid-19. Entre os estudos selecionados, foram compilados dados de 10.760 trabalhadores de saúde, predominantemente da equipe de enfermagem (27,3%) e médicos (13,2%). A maior parte (n=20; 66,6%) dos estudos atestou que os profissionais de saúde foram contaminados no ambiente de trabalho, principalmente hospitalar. A testagem por RT-PCR foi o principal método diagnóstico. Alguns estudos (n=16; 53,3%) relataram comorbidades prévias entre os trabalhadores. Os principais sintomas da Covid-19 nos profissionais de saúde acometidos foram: febre, tosse, fadiga e mialgia. Constataram-se características que remontam em perfil concentrado de enfermeiras e médicos contaminados no hospital. Essa realidade foi focalizada entre pesquisas transversais chinesas, italianas e estadunidenses.
Ondas gravitacionais em desenvolvimento: reflexões sobre ciência na educação em ciências
Authors: Garcia João Otavio , Camillo Juliano
Published: October 2021

Resumo: A relevância de se promover reflexões sobre ciência na educação básica e superior vem sendo destacada nas pesquisas das últimas décadas, seguidas por diversas propostas de didatização e inserção destas reflexões, especialmente por meio da História e Filosofia da Ciência e da Natureza da Ciência. Desta forma, temos como objetivo trazer reflexões sobre ciência, por meio do desenvolvimento das ondas gravitacionais, buscando contribuir com a educação em ciências a respeito à discussão sobre produção / consumo de conhecimento científico. Tendo como pano de fundo superar as separações entre discussões filosóficas e educacionais, nos apoiaremos na perspectiva da Teoria da Atividade Cultural-Histórica para discutir alguns aspectos do desenvolvimento das ondas gravitacionais como objeto educacional. Destacamos a contribuição dessa perspectiva para a problematização da reificação dos objetos da atividade científica e educacional, e apresentaremos uma possibilidade de compreensão (e propagação) das ondas gravitacionais não como coisas isoladas, mas como processos.
Extubação paliativa: reflexões bioéticas sobre cuidados em fim de vida
Authors: Natividade Taiane do Socorro Silva , Coelho Paula Yasmin Camilo , Aguiar Danilo Rocha de , Silva Gabriela Ladeia da , Silva Rodrigo Batista da , Soeiro Ana Cristina Vidigal
Published: October 2021

Resumo Cuidados paliativos integram um conjunto de abordagens que objetivam incrementar a qualidade de vida diante de uma doença incurável e potencialmente ameaçadora para a vida. Nesse cenário, dentre as terapêuticas utilizadas no cuidado a pacientes críticos, a extubação paliativa é implementada quando as tentativas de desmame da ventilação mecânica falharam, a fim de evitar o prolongamento da vida a qualquer custo. Mesmo com o limitado número de pesquisas sobre o assunto, importantes debates têm emergido no campo biomédico, ético, religioso e legal, trazendo novas reflexões sobre o tema. No Brasil, ainda há muitos entraves para o procedimento, o que inspira o debate bioético.
Percepción de los inmigrantes: consentimiento informado y acceso a servicios de salud
Authors: Garbin Cléa Adas Saliba , Téllez María Elizabeth Peña , Saliba Tânia Adas , Garbin Artênio José Isper
Published: October 2021

Resumen En este estudio se propone conocer la percepción de los inmigrantes cubanos sobre el formulario de consentimiento informado y el acceso a tratamientos médicos y odontológicos. Este es un estudio descriptivo transversal, tipo encuesta. La muestra se compuso de inmigrantes de un municipio de mediano porte del estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Los participantes respondieron a un formulario con preguntas relacionadas al conocimiento del formulario de consentimiento informado y la accesibilidad a tratamientos médicos y odontológicos en Brasil y en su país de origen, instrumento que también recogía información sociodemográfica sobre los encuestados. Los participantes tenían accesibilidad a la atención médica y odontológica, pero poco conocimiento sobre ese formulario durante los tratamientos. Los médicos y los odontólogos deben adoptar medidas para una práctica profesional segura, pues un formulario de consentimiento informado bien preparado y de conocimiento del paciente favorece la realización exitosa de los procedimientos.
¿Es posible argumentar multimodalmente en géneros discursivos producidos por estudiantes universitarios?: encuentros y divergencias entre estudiantes y profesores
Authors: Vásquez-Rocca Liliana
Published: October 2021

Resumen Este artículo se centra en las prácticas de escritura universitaria con enfoque multimodal. (KRESS, 2010; ARCHER; BREUER, 2016) En Latinoamérica, las indagaciones sobre escritura multimodal han tenido escasa atención, pues predomina en los estudios una visión logocéntrica. (KRESS, 2010; PARODI, 2010) Por ello, proponemos ampliar la mirada al abordar la escritura universitaria en dos sentidos: por un lado, involucrar la voz de los estudiantes (LEA; STREET, 1998; ROMERO; ALVAREZ, 2019), por otro, llevar las indagaciones más allá del modo verbal. (BEZEMER; KRESS, 2008; VÁSQUEZ-ROCCA; VARAS, 2019) Así, se contrastaron las representaciones sociales de estudiantes y de profesores con relación a las producciones multimodales. Los resultados indican que ambos grupos reconocen la importancia de los recursos semióticos, sin embargo, su enseñanza es aún incipiente.
Rhetorical structure of systematic reviews published in dental journals: implications for teaching reading and writing in ESP courses
Authors: Perdomo Bexi , Morales Oscar , Cassany Daniel
Published: October 2021

Abstract Systematic reviews (SRs) are relevant for the dentistry community; however, a multidisciplinary literature review suggests that, to date, no linguistic study on the rhetorical structure of dental SRs in English has been carried out, a gap the present study hopes to partly fill. Integrating Swales’ and Bhatia’s models and the New Rhetoric approach to genre studies, we analyzed the rhetorical organization of 100 SRs in the field of dentistry. The results indicate that SRs follow a prototypical structure: Introduction-Method-Results-Discussion-Conclusion (IMRDC). It can be broken down into 18 moves, 14 of which could be considered obligatory. The template proposed could be a practical resource for oral health scholars, clinicians and students to not only raise genre-consciousness but also effectively write and publish SRs in international dentistry journals.
Dificuldade auditiva autorreferida em trabalhadores expostos à poeira industrial no sul do Brasil
Authors: Jesus Caroline Janaina de , Hillesheim Danúbia , Zucki Fernanda
Published: October 2021

RESUMO Objetivo Investigar a associação entre dificuldade auditiva autorreferida e exposição ocupacional à poeira industrial em trabalhadores do sul do Brasil. Método Trata-se de um estudo transversal analítico, realizado com dados do inquérito da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde (2013). A variável dependente foi a dificuldade auditiva autorreferida e a variável independente principal foi a exposição ocupacional à poeira industrial. As covariáveis foram: sexo, cor da pele, idade em anos completos, exposição a ruído e exposição à substâncias químicas. As variáveis de exposição ocupacional a ruído e substâncias químicas foram utilizadas como variáveis de ajuste (variáveis de confusão) e as análises foram estratificadas por cada estado (Santa Catarina, Paraná e Rio Grande do Sul), com o intuito de verificar a diferença na magnitude dos resultados por região. Tanto para a análise bruta quanto para a ajustada, a razão de chance foi utilizada como medida de associação, estimada por meio da análise de regressão logística. Os dados foram analisados no software Stata, versão 14. Resultados Com relação a exposição principal, 10,1% da amostra (n=490) afirmou estar exposta à poeira industrial em ambiente ocupacional, ao passo que 7,0% afirmou ter dificuldade auditiva. Na análise final, trabalhadores expostos a poeira industrial apresentaram 1,77 vezes mais chance de mencionar dificuldade auditiva, quando comparados a indivíduos não expostos a este agente. Conclusão Houve associação entre dificuldade auditiva e exposição à poeira industrial em trabalhadores da região Sul do Brasil.
Eficacia de los programas de musicoterapia: un metanálisis cualitativo
Authors: González-Ojea María José , Domínguez-Lloria Sara , Pino-Juste Margarita
Published: October 2021

Resumen El aumento de enfermedades transmisibles justifica la necesidad de verificar la eficacia no farmacológica de los tratamientos alternativos. La música promueve las interacciones sociales y el trabajo en grupo, ayuda en varios aspectos del aprendizaje humano, la emoción y la memoria, y puede convertirse en una herramienta terapéutica complementaria. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la evidencia de la eficacia de la musicoterapia como tratamiento no farmacológico mediante un diseño descriptivo retrospectivo utilizando como parámetros de búsqueda: “musicoterapia” o “programas musicales” y “salud” en las bases de datos Scopus y Web of Science. Entre los principales resultados, destacamos que los programas de intervención que utilizan la música como tratamiento coadyuvante no farmacológico en enfermedades no transmisibles ofrecen resultados positivos y significativos sobre la mejora de las patologías en las que interviene. A partir de estos resultados, sería importante ampliar la formación de los profesionales de la salud en la aplicación de técnicas basadas en el arte y específicamente en la musicoterapia.
The Role of Vegetation in Climate Adaptability: Case Studies of Lodz and Warsaw
Authors: Hanzl Małgorzata , Tofiluk Anna , Zinowiec-Cieplik Kinga , Grochulska-Salak Magdalena , Nowak Anna
Published: October 2021

The threats that arise from climate change and their associated economic, social, and environmental impacts are leading to the transformation of the spatial structures of cities. The growing demand for climate adaptability calls for the development of normative criteria for the design of forms of urban settings that integrate vegetation. Climate-responsive urban design reacts to the challenges of urban physics, which depend heavily on the forms of urban structures and the role of greenery. This method includes research on vegetation indexes and their impact on urban regulatory functions. The goal is to propose a comprehensive framework for assessing the functioning of urban public space, which considers the role and maintenance of green infrastructure. The intersection with the subject matter of analytical urban morphology is evident, in terms of the resolution of the urban fabric and its transformations over time. The framework of climate-responsive urban design also covers examining the parameters of surrounding built structures, such as the floor area ratio, the building coverage ratio, and building heights. In particular, the requirements of climate adaptation have an impact on the design of outdoor spaces in cities. In this article, we apply the selected methods that contribute to the climate-responsive urban design model to recommend the transformations of two urban nodes, in Lodz and Warsaw (Poland). Our goal is to indicate the future form of nodal public spaces with a focus on the needs of urban greenery, and to determine indicators for the local climate zone. After an initial literature review, we discuss a number of available indicators from the perspective of how they might contribute to determine the environmental conditions. We focus on urban water cycle, the requirement of trees for water, and insolation conditions.
Classification of Landscape Physiognomies in Rural Poland: The Case of the Municipality of Cekcyn
Authors: Górka Anna , Niecikowski Kazimierz
Published: October 2021

This article presents a methodology and the results of the classification of the rural landscapes physiognomies conducted on the study area located in the municipality of Cekcyn, Poland. The study aimed to develop a landscape identification method that would combine natural, cultural, and visual criteria with which to implement the provisions of the European Landscape Convention. The realization of the European Landscape Convention in Poland is incomplete due to the lack of practical application of landscape assessment in land management and spatial planning at the commune level. The research was intended at helping to fill this void. The study develops a method using which it will be possible to protect the diversity and beauty of Europe’s rural landscapes more effectively. The goal has so far been of little scientific interest in Poland. The physiognomy of the studied area was analyzed with the use of commonly available spatial data and by means of field studies. Physical-geographical units and cultural characteristics have been designated based on spatial databases. Landscape patterns were identified by analyzing visual fields with the use of both GIS applications and field studies. This practice made it possible to determine physiognomic units of the landscape which are internally coherent and relatively homogeneous in terms of physical-geographical, cultural, and visual features. Identifying the landscape physiognomy within the designated landscape physiognomic units serves to harmonize spatial alterations in the area of rural communes in processes of land management and planning.
Economic Assessment of South African Urban Green Spaces Using the Proximity Principle: Municipal Valuation vs. Market Value
Authors: Lategan Louis , Cilliers Juaneé , Huston Zinea , Blaauw Nadia , Cilliers Sarel
Published: October 2021

Urban green spaces (UGSs) deliver ecosystem services and potential economic benefits like increases in proximate residential property prices. The proximity principle (PP) premises that property prices increase as distance to UGS decreases. The PP has generally been confirmed by studies using municipal valuations and market values internationally. Conversely, South African studies have mostly employed municipal valuations and results have rejected the PP. There is an accepted interrelationship, but also often discrepancies, between municipal valuations and market values, presenting scope for this article to explore whether negative results are confirmed when market values replace municipal valuations in PP studies in the South African context. Accordingly, a statistical analysis of market values is completed in the Potchefstroom case study, where five test sites are replicated from studies that employed municipal valuations for longitudinal comparison. Results verify generally higher market values than municipal valuations and confirm the PP in two, but reject the PP in three, of five test sites. Previous studies employing municipal valuations in the case study confirmed the PP in one instance, thus presenting certain, but limited, inconsistencies between findings based on municipal valuation vs. market value. Results suggest that the market’s willingness to pay for UGS proximity is sensitive to the ecosystem services and disservices rendered by specific UGS, but not significantly more than reflected in municipal valuations. Overall, findings underscore the need to protect and curate features that encourage willingness to pay for UGS proximity to increase municipal valuations and property taxes to help finance urban greening.
OPTIMIZATION OF STATIONARY AND TRANSITIONAL OPERATING MODES OF THE ELECTRICAL COMPLEX IN METAL PROCESSING LINE
Authors: DANILUSHKIN Aleksandr I. , DANILUSHKIN Vasilij A.
Published: October 2021

In the electrical complex “induction heater - deforming equipment”, the limiting performance of the complex is the induction heating unit. In this regard, an important task of increasing the effi ciency of the processing complex is to optimize both the design and operating parameters of the induction heating unit. It is shown that the main design parameter infl uencing the energy characteristics of the complex is the length of the heating system. When optimizing the total length of the heater, an iterative model of the process of induction heating of ferromagnetic billets is used. The power distribution algorithm along the length of a two-section heater is a piecewise continuous function. Optimization of the heater length according to the proposed method made it possible to reduce the heater length from 2.8 m to 2.1 m, i.e. by 25%. To search for eff ective control algorithms for non-stationary modes, a refi ned electrothermal model is proposed in the work. It takes into account the nonlinear dependence of the distribution of the power of the sources of internal heat release on the temperature distribution in the metal of the workpieces along the radial and axial coordinates. The problem of fi nding the optimal control of transient modes of a two-section induction heater of methodical action is formulated and solved. The results obtained provide a minimum of energy consumption for heating billets in transient modes under conditions of technological and energy constraints. Variants of starting the heater at various initial temperature states of the load are considered. The results of a comparative analysis of the eff ectiveness of the obtained control algorithms are presented. The structure of the power supply and control system of the induction heating complex is proposed.
Post-covid condition in adults and children
Authors: Baimukhambetova Dina V. , Gorina Anastasia O. , Rumyantsev Mikhail A. , Shikhaleva Anastasia A. , El-Taravi Yasmin A. , Bondarenko Elena D. , Kapustina Valentina A. , Munblit Daniil B.
Published: October 2021

Despite the impressive progress in diagnosis and management of acute COVID-19, data regarding the consequences of this infection are just emerging. The World Health Organization has proposed the term post-COVID condition (PCC) to describe the wide range of sequelae of acute COVID-19. With more than 200 million confirmed cases of COVID-19, PCC may develop into a major problem for many years to come for the millions of COVID-19 survivors worldwide. Few studies were conducted in primary care, and very few studies have focused exclusively on children and adolescents.

Objective. To review existing data on PCC. Analysis of manuscripts published in peer-reviewed journals and clinical protocols. PCC is characterized by a wide range of systemic, cardio-pulmonary, gastrointestinal, neurological, and psychosocial symptoms.

Conclusion. Although PCC prevalence is difficult to estimate due to methodological limitations of the existing studies, there is no doubt that this problem is a significant healthcare burden. There is a need for further observational and interventional studies to establish optimal PCC prevention and management strategies.
Development of fibrosis and impairment of lung function in patients with a new coronavirus disease
Authors: Leshchenko Igor´ V. , Glushkova Tatyana V.
Published: October 2021

The aim: review scientific research to find out whether the new coronavirus infection (NCI) causes fibrotic changes in the lungs and, if any, how long they persist and whether functional disorders of the respiratory system accompany them. Disruption of the functional state of the lungs in patients with severe novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is still seen 6 months after completion of inpatient treatment. High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) demonstrates persistent pathological changes in the lungs, some of which are fibrosis-like. Pathomorphological features of the COVID-19 course, as well as the ability of the virus to activate connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) and enhance the signaling of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), can contribute to lung tissue fibrosis. Increased titers of antinuclear autoantibodies and specific autoantibodies indirectly reveal dysregulation of the immune response leading to the progression of organizing pneumonia and fibrotic changes in the lung tissue. These increased titers can also indicate the need to prescribe immunosuppressive and antifibrotic drugs. Researchers are considering the possibility of including antifibrotic drugs in combination therapy for severe COVID-19 in the early stages of treatment in patients with risk factors for developing pulmonary fibrosis. However, further monitoring and determination of the role of antifibrotic drugs are required. Sometimes patients with COVID-19 develop severe, irreversible fibrotic lung disease, and lung transplantation is the only treatment option.

Conclusion. There is no unequivocal opinion among researchers concerning the clinical significance and further prognosis of COVID-19 so far, which is a reason for further studies.
Asthma and COVID-19: Аn overview of the guidelines for the management of asthma patients during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Osipova Veronika V. , Osipova Galina L. , Zaryanova Elena A. , Terekhov Dmitry V.
Published: October 2021

The emergence of a new disease COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019), caused by the coronavirus named SARS-CoV-2, has significantly changed the usual interaction pattern between a doctor and a patient. Previous large studies have identified risk factors for a severe course of COVID-19, including old age, hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. However, asthma and respiratory allergy have not been identified as risk factors for the severe disease. These factors give clues to the pathogenesis of COVID-19, approaches to the controller medications, target therapy, allergen-specific immunotherapy (ASIT) in patients with various phenotypes and endotypes of asthma during the pandemic.

The purposeof this review is to summarize the currently available knowledge about SARS-CoV-2, T2-endotype of asthma, eosinophilic inflammation. The article provides an overview of the data from studies of COVID-19 patients with asthma, the main recommendations of the Global Initiative for Asthma (2021) and the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. It shows that targeting the endotypes and phenotypes of asthma can influence the management of COVID-19 patients with asthma. The influence of the imbalance of the immune system, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and effector cells in patients with asthma on the development and progression of COVID-19 is considered. Recommendations are given for the controller medications, targeted therapy, allergen-specific immunotherapy during the pandemic.

Conclusion.The current recommendations for asthma treatment, based on the latest research of COVID-19, deepen our understanding of the course of COVID-19 in patients with different phenotypes and endotypes of asthma, approaches to traditional methods of treating asthma according to clinical guidelines during the pandemic.
Invasive aspergillosis associated with COVID-19
Authors: Ovsyannikov Nikolay V. , Bilevich Olga A. , Zenkova Lyudmila A. , Vasilieva Olga V.
Published: October 2021

The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic announced by the World Health Organization in March 2020 has brought new tasks to the medical community that require immediate solutions. Recent studies have shown that invasive aspergillosis associated with coronavirus infection caused by COVID-19 often aggravates the course of the disease and leads to death. The article presents a clinical case of acute invasive aspergillosis in a COVID-19 patient with chronic somatic pathology but no risk factors for developing invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. The disease was progressing rapidly and led to a fatal outcome.

Conclusion. In the case presented, invasive pulmonary aspergillosis was diagnosed with the help of histological examination of autopsy material.