bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Changes of Cognition in Teenagers after Playing Video Games
Authors: Singh Kunsh , Molloy Karen
Published: August 2021

Recent studies have shown that video games alter cognition in teenagers, but it is unknown how teen cognition changes in the short-term directly after playing video games. This study measured the differences in selective attention, processing speed, sustained attention, and cognitive flexibility of video-game playing (VGP) adolescents at different time intervals after playing video games. Three different reasoning tests were used: the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test (PASAT), the Sustained Attention to Response Task (SART), and the Stroop Task. A custom 250 question arithmetic test was also used, but was unable to uncover processing speed differences between VGPs after playing video games. All VGP participants in the study underwent reasoning tests before playing video games, played League of Legends (LoL)—known for its intensive use of spatial awareness, cognitive decision making, and working memory—for an hour, and then took reasoning tests once again at different times after having played LoL. This experiment affirms that video games create cognitive enhancement, though the experiment uncovered that VGP teens have worsened selective and sustained attention as time elapses after playing video games. Future research may want to extend the variable of time to test how video games affect attention or cognition by time in a longer term with a larger sample size.
An Examination of the Effects on Low-Income Communities by the “Takeover” of Thrift Store Clothing by Resellers
Authors: Ma Crystal , Riggio Greg
Published: August 2021

Thrift reselling refers to when individuals purchase large quantities of clothing from thrift shops to resell at a higher price in order to make profit. As this new form of making income becomes more popular, so does a concern about how thrift reselling may affect low income communities who rely on local thrift stores for clothing. This study proposes to find a correlation between low income communities and thrift resellers and seeks to find how and if thrift resellers may negatively affect the accessibility of clothing for low income individuals. By distributing a survey across Los Angeles County residents who qualify as low income, this study concludes that thrift resellers affect low income communities negatively due to their overconsumption of clothing at thrift shops, leading to not enough clothing left over for low income individuals. The implications of this study serve to provide research on how to improve the lives of those residing in low income communities.
A Comparative Study of Parameters Measuring in Data Mining Function Using SVM﻿
Authors: Utmal﻿ Meghna
Published: August 2021

Due to the vast amount of data available on the internet nowadays, it is necessary to categorise the data, and fast, accurate, and resilient algorithms for data analysis are required. Support vector machines (SVMs) are a form of machine learning technique that is commonly used to solve a variety of statistical learning issues. It's been designed as a reliable categorization tool, and it's especially useful when there's a lot of data. Machine learning is an area of artificial intelligence (AI) and computer science that focuses on using data and algorithms to mimic the way humans learn, with the goal of steadily improving accuracy. Algorithms are trained to create classifications by using statistical approaches. These should ideally have an impact on important growth measures. In this study, we found that employing the Support Vector Machine technique provides the best accuracy and efficiency for our dataset. Our work is based on the evaluation of parameters like accuracy, recall and precision.
EVALUATING ENGLISH FOR IRAQ TEXTBOOK GRADE 5 IN TERMS OF TEXTBOOK QUALITY STANDARDS
Authors: JASSIM Habar Hussein , JASSIM Rafid Raaof
Published: August 2021

This study attempts to evaluate English for Iraq textbook grade 5 and compare English for Iraq 5 Pupil's book and Activity book in light of the American Council for the Teaching of Foreign Languages (ACTFL) Standards. The study approach is descriptive as the researcher uses content analysis to analyze the activities of all 8 units in English for Iraq textbook and then determine the availability of ATCFL standards in the textbook. The collected data were analyzed statistically. The results of this study indicated that English for Iraq textbook grade 5 matches the ATCFL five main standards ( communication, cultures, connections, comparisons, and communities) moderately since English for Iraq textbook grade 5 matches cultures and connections standards largely whereas it matches communications, comparisons, and communities moderately.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF USING MIND MAPPING STRATEGY IN DEVELOPING WRITING SKILLS FOR SIXTH YEAR PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN QATAR
Authors: SOLIMAN Mahrous Mohamed
Published: August 2021

This study aimed at investigating the effectiveness of using Mind mapping strategy in developing writing skills for sixth year primary school students in Qatar. Quasi-experimental design was used in this study. The population was the sixth year students of Al Forqan primary school for boys with a total number of 103 students. Out of this population, a purposive sample of 51 students was taken, the control group (27 students) and the experimental group (24 students). First, the data was collected by using a prewriting test. Then, the experiment had been implemented. Next, the second part of the data was collected using the posttest. The data obtained were analyzed by using t-test formula. The findings of study were: A) there are statistically significant differences between the mean scores obtained by participants in the pre-test and those of the post-test of the experimental group in writing skills in favor to the posttest. B) there are statistically significant differences between the mean scores obtained by participants in the post-test of the control group and the experimental group in writing skills in favor to the experimental group. Depending on the statistical analyses of the hypotheses of the study, we can safely conclude that exposing students to the training strategy helped them develop their performance during the post administration of the writing skills test. In light of the results, a number of points can be recommended: writing skills via mind mapping strategy use in the primary stage specially in the 6th grade students should be emphasized in teaching writing skills. Moreover, deliberation attempts should be made to help students in the primary stage acquire and use the writing as amusing as possible. Furthermore, the objectives of teaching English language should concentrate on writing skills beyond the mechanics level and emphasize writing as a process.
PRAGMATICS OF LANGUAGE AND VALUES IN THE PUBLIC SPHERE: TOWARDS AN EXPANSIVE PRAGMATIC APPROACH TO THE USED DISCOURSE
Authors: HABBACH Youness
Published: August 2021

This research aims at analysing the pragmatic prominent discourse in the public sphere, the digital sphere in particular, that reflects special changes in the society. The meant discourse has not been investigated adequately and sufficiently namely the social, the political and the digital virtual discourses which bear an effective semantic and pragmatic power on the public space and at the same time incorporate strong transformations in the values patterns. This study utilizes a pragmatic approach, since the pragmatics is a study of using language in communication, and works on analysing daily discourses using a journalistic editorial. So, what are the changes reflected by this discourse? And what are the values represented and expressed by the prevailing discourses in the public sphere?
SPECIAL LINGUISTIC GLOSSARY - AN ANALYTICAL DESCRIPTIVE STUDY
Authors: AL-SUMAIDAIE Qahtan Adnan Abdul Wahid , Al-DULAIMl Thamer Hamzah Ali
Published: August 2021

The mind cannot imagine that any science shows enrichment without the need for this Because true science is a reaction to a scientific problem in society and a necessity to open what is closed to understand it, and scientific convergence between nations is one of the most important problems that need channels of communication that help in understanding the culture of the other and understanding the other. Our culture, We now live in a small world dominated by information technology and digital computers, and the communication process is very fast and easy,This undoubtedly makes the process of communication between communities very easy and gives a great demand for understanding the languages of others village that brings the distant closer and draws explicit features in the mind of society, and all of this needs a clarification of terms and keeping pace with their formations, and this understanding must be based on a special scientific perspective devoid of emotional inclination and cloaked in a scientific scarf,This understanding and perspective grows in an important angle in language as it is the image and mirror that reflects human culture. Language is the vessel of thought, and this language in our world is no longer confined to what is scattered on the peaks of the Arabian desert, and therefore dictionaries came to form important features of intellectual communication at the level of language and culture. And this art is authentic in languages, especially Arabic, and because of the flexibility of Arabic and its ability to accept the stranger in sound, morphology, and semantics, as it expanded to receive the ancient Arabizer, so it flaunted it with its originality to be an Arab or to wear the dress of the Arabic inflection and its significance, Flexibility of Arabic has developed with us as a lexical extension that helped accept the other, keep up with him and communicate with him without that at the expense of the origin. And the formation of scientific visions that help in rooting the linguistic link away from bias, and these special linguistic dictionaries are cultural formations that were limited to one linguistic color, and this keeps pace with the era of speed in specialization and understanding terms away from stuffiness, repetition and chaos overlapping linguistic levels.
RESPONSIBILITY OF THE GENERAL ADMINISTRATION FOR ITS EXECUTIVE ACTIONS
Authors: AL-KHAZAALI Ali Hussein Ali
Published: August 2021

Reason is the beginning of the initiation line for the formulation of the administrative decision. By the element of reason in the administrative decision, we mean those material or legitimate events on which the formula of the decision is based. The administrative judiciary verifies that the decision was issued safe and sound through the certainty of these material or legitimate events that motivate the administration to launch it. It is one of the factors in which the administrative decision is based, and the annex is not obligated to mention the reasons for which the content of the administrative decision was issued, except where the law requires it to do so. In the event that the administration does not reveal the motive that prompted it to edit the administrative decision, the element of reason in the field of judicial oversight is weakened, but that is right from the practical perspective and in the context of proof. We searched into two sections, where we clarified the idea of the reason in the first topic, and three demands branched from it, the concept of reason in the administrative decision, a first requirement.
Measuring KPIs of Virtual Teams in Global Organization Using Machine Learning
Authors: Paxleal J Simi
Published: August 2021

With the growing uncertainties around the global due to pandemic, many unavoidable market finance fluctuations and the management in industries are hit with the most due to lack of production and traditional industrial process methods are taking a huge hit during the current times and there came the need for the virtual industrialization method that is Industry 4.0 a current trend. Many industries are keen to find the method to extract the correct information on their key performance is still lacking in many areas. Next generation virtual leaders, global leaders and advances in technology are leading to the possibilities of virtual teams in order to execute business strategies. Adoption of permanent structures or methods to determine and calculate the performance of the employees and to access to best talent with rich cultural diversity as a form of competitive advantage. The Machine Learning influencing into the virtual leadership styles that helps in determining the KPIs who work remotely is soon to become the future of many companies and some are already implementing the structure to make the Artificial Intelligence to handle the next generation methodologies to formulate Key Performance Indicators (KPIs).
Decrescimento X Desenvolvimento Sustentável: o debate
Authors: Nascimento Elimar Pinheiro do , Buarque Sérgio Cavalcanti , Buarque Cristovam
Published: August 2021

O debate parte do princípio de que o modelo de desenvolvimento econômico capitalista se encontra questionado. A dinâmica econômica e a produtividade do trabalho caem no mundo inteiro; a desigualdade social aumenta assustadoramente; a instabilidade financeira coloca o mundo em face de crises; e os impactos nocivos sobre a natureza são crescentes, colocando em risco a sobrevivência da humanidade. Os autores discutem duas alternativas que tem se sobressaído neste século: o desenvolvimento sustentável, criação da ONU por meio do relatório Brundtland, de 1987; e o decrescimento, resultado de um movimento intelectual, sobretudo europeu. A alternativa do DS propõe a continuidade do crescimento econômico, mas com respeito a distribuição das riquezas e a preservação da natureza. O decrescimento julga que esta proposição é um oximoro, uma contradição em si, e propõe que haja um decrescimento da produção e consumo do Norte e um crescimento adequado aos ecossistemas no Sul.
ANÁLISE DOS SISTEMAS DEFENSIVOS DA SELEÇÃO BRASILEIRA FEMININA ADULTA DE HANDEBOL
Authors: Da Silva Vinicius Soares , Rodrigues Filho Edil De Albuquerque , Leão Iberê Caldas Souza , Viana Marcelo Tavares , Tashiro Tetsuo
Published: August 2021

Introdução: O diversificado treino dos sistemas defensivos da seleção Brasileira de handebol feminina leva a eficácia das atletas. Objetivo: Objetivou-se analisar os sistemas de defesa utilizados pela Seleção Brasileira de handebol feminino, no campeonato mundial - Servia / 2013; verificando por quanto tempo cada sistema defensivo foi utilizado por essa equipe. Método: O estudo foi do tipo observacional, com caráter qualitativoutilizando elementos quantitativos, analisando o tempo de utilização e a eficácia dos sistemas defensivos. Foram analisados 09 jogos gravados em vídeos que estão disponíveis no site da Confederação Brasileira de Handebol. A coleta de dados foi realizada através de observações dos jogos que direcionaram apenas para atuação das atletas dentro dos sistemas defensivos em igualdade, superioridade e inferioridade numérica. A mensuração dos dados foi realizada em duplo cego, onde, na existência de não concordância dos resultados, um terceiro avaliador foi inserido para determinar a contraprova. O estudo ocorreu nos meses de janeiro a maio de 2014. Resultados: Os resultados totais referentes aos sistemas de defesa utilizados se apresentam como: 6:0 = 2h49min47seg, 5:0 = 23min58seg, 5:1 = 4min34seg, 4:0 = 50seg, 4:1 = 34seg, 4:2 = 2min33seg, 3:2:1 =2min21seg, 2:4 = 1min30seg. Discussão: A atuação e eficiência do Brasil, no referido evento, diz respeito a utilização de dois tipos de conhecimentos táticos: o declarativo e o processual, que foram demonstrados durantetodos os jogos do campeonato. Conclusão: Nos jogos analisados do Brasil, o sistema defensivo 6:0 foi predominante em todas as partidas. Todavia, a seleção utilizou também os sistemas 5:1, 4:2, 3:2:1 e 2:4, em situações de igualdade numérica. Em inferioridade a seleção utilizou os sistemas 5:0, 4:0 e 4:1. Quando esteve em superioridade numérica, o Brasil atuou em apenas uma linha defensiva (6:0), apresentando-se mais eficiente perante seus adversários, sagrando-se campeão do mundo.
AÇÕES DE LEVANTAMENTO: INDICADORES DE RENDIMENTO NO VOLEIBOL ESCOLAR
Authors: Costa Yago Pesoa da , Batista Jakenio Cavalcante , Cruz Paloma De Araújo , Batiste Gilmário Ricarte
Published: August 2021

ntrodução: Diante das diversas funções de jogo possíveis no voleibol, o levantador destaca-se, visto que é responsável pela distribuição das bolas para os atacantes. Objetivo: O objetivo foi associar a qualidade das ações do levantamento com a zona de distribuição, e de forma complementar comparar a qualidade entre setsvencidos e perdidos. Método: O estudo teve a participação de 12 instituições de ensino, que competiram durante os Jogos Escolares da Juventude 2016. Foram observados 32 sets, pertencentes a 16 jogos da competição, contabilizando 1656 ações de levantamento. Para verificar a associação foi utilizado o teste do qui-quadrado, e para comparar o teste U de Mann-Whitney. Resultados: Foram obtidos os seguintes resultados: A distribuição para a zona ofensiva teve maior incidência (91,1%). Houve associação significativa da zona de distribuição com2 a qualidade do levantamento (χ = 51.810; p< 0,001). Ao realizar o levantamento para a zona ofensiva, a frequência de ações excelentes foi maior do que o esperado. Já o set perdido apresentou maior número de levantamentos que não geram opções de ataque (U= 362,00; p= 0,034). Quanto ao coeficiente de performance não foi encontrado diferença entre vencidos e perdidos. Conclusão: Concluímos que a qualidade do levantamento apresentou uma dependência com as zonas ofensivas e defensivas, e os sets perdidos foram superiores em levantamentos que não geram ataque, o que favorece ao contra-ataque do set vencido. Palavras-chave: Eficiência, destreza motora, atletas, adolescente.
NOTAS SOBRE UMA HISTÓRIA DO DESPORTO COLETIVO E SEU ENSINO NO ÂMBITO ESCOLAR
Authors: Figueiredo Haroldo Moraes de , Helegda Lara Colognese
Published: August 2021

Introdução: O desporto moderno nasceu na Inglaterra, na segunda metade do século XIX. A partir daí outras modalidades esportivas foram sendo criadas e contribuindo para se tornar um fenômeno social, inclusive, adentrando cada vez mais o âmbito escolar. Objetivo: O objetivo deste artigo é entender como ao longo da história, o desporto coletivo foi se desenvolvendo, principalmente dentro da escola. Método: Metodologicamente falando, é de natureza qualitativa, do tipo exploratória e usou artigos e livros sobre a temática escolhida. Resultados: Enquanto resultados e discussão, foram tratadas algumas questões sobre a metodologia do ensino do desporto coletivo, considerando três perspectivas metodológicas: PCNs, Crítico-superadora e Desenvolvimentista. Conclusão: Concluímos que há ideias convergentes e divergentes entre as diferentesmetodologias de ensino e que o desporto, enquanto elemento da cultura corporal de movimento, deve ser experimentado de maneira diversificada, visando um melhor desenvolvimento da criança. Palavras chave: Desporto coletivo, Educação Física, Ensino, Escola.
Es hora de cumplir con el pueblo salvadoreño
Authors: Directores Junta de
Published: August 2021

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 47, No. 528, 1992: 827-833.
Universidad y derechos humanos
Authors: Samour Héctor
Published: August 2021

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 47, No. 528, 1992: 894-900.
Octubre
Authors: Editor El
Published: August 2021

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 48, No. 540, 1993: 1051-1060.
Presupuesto nacional y gastos sociales
Authors: R. M. L. E.
Published: August 2021

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 48, No. 540, 1993: 1031-1036.
La importancia de los mártires
Authors: Tojeira José María
Published: August 2021

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 49, No. 553-554, 1994: 1171-1176.
Enero-febrero
Authors: Editor El
Published: August 2021

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 50, No. 555-556, 1995: 117-131.
Los gremios y la política
Authors: Montoya Aquiles
Published: August 2021

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 51, No. 569, 1996: 237-239.
El Salvador cinco años después
Authors: Editor El
Published: August 2021

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 54, No. 603, 1999: 3-19.
Enero
Authors: Editor El
Published: August 2021

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 54, No. 603, 1999: 131-139.
Triunfo electoral de ARENA
Authors: UCA CIDAI
Published: August 2021

Este artículo arranca de una constatación: en las elecciones del 7 de marzo, el candidato de ARENA, Francisco Flores, ganó la presidencia por un 51.98 por ciento del total de votos emitidos, mientras que su principal contendiente, Facundo Guardado, de la coalición FMLN-USC, quedó en segundo lugar con un 28.88 por ciento de los votos. Partiendo de esa realidad, se propone interpretar su significado, para lo cual se formula y trata de responder las siguientes preguntas: (a) ¿por qué ganó ARENA?; (b) ¿por qué perdió la coalición FMLN-USC?; (e) ¿qué perspectivas se abren al país en el siguiente quinquenio?

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 54, No. 604-605, 1999: 169-190.
Si mal gastan los impuestos ...
Authors: Calles Urfano
Published: August 2021

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 54, No. 604-605, 1999: 246-248.
Resultados electorales oficiales
Authors: Editor El
Published: August 2021

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 54, No. 604-605, 1999: 283-299.
Análisis de la coyuntura económica. Segundo semestre del año 2000
Authors: Trigueros Álvaro , Vega Lilian , Lazo Marín Francisco
Published: August 2021

Este análisis resalta las características económicas antes de los eventos telúricos. El año 2000 fue el peor, después de 1996, en lo que se refiere a desempeño económico de los últimos diez años. La tasa de crecimiento económico fue la segunda más baja desde 1992, el desempleo y la tasa de inflación aumentaron, los salarios reales mínimos disminuyeron, los déficit fiscal y comercial aumentaron, etc., aunque hay que reconocer que hubo algunos factores que ayudaron a palear la situación económica y evitaron que la economía entrara en crisis. Uno de los sectores que más terreno ha perdido ha sido la agricultura, mientras que el sector que más ha ganado ha sido la industria de maquila, que se ha convertido en la principal fuente generadora de divisas. No obstante estos hechos, los dos terremotos acaecidos han modificado totalmente las perspectivas de desarrollo y crecimiento en El Salvador y a ello hay que señalar que los daños son más elevados en los sectores más pobres del país. Por tanto, la meta no debe ser volver a las condiciones que el país tenía antes de los terremotos, sino que se debe.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 56, No. 627-628, 2001: 59-83.
Elementos de salud pública en el manejo de desastres
Authors: Selva Sutter Ernesto A.
Published: August 2021

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 56, No. 627-628, 2001: 105-113.
Vulnerabilidad... ¿hasta cuándo?
Authors: Derechos Humanos de la UCA Instituto de
Published: August 2021

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 56, No. 627-628, 2021: 117-121.
Segundo trimestre de 1999. Primera parte
Authors: Soriano Héctor Salvador
Published: August 2021

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 56, No. 629, 2001: 293-307.
La nueva utopía
Authors: Montoya Aquiles
Published: August 2021

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 56, No. 629, 2001: 276-278.
The Antinociceptive Effect of Lonchocarpus Araripensis Lectin is Mediated by Endocannabinoid Receptors
Authors: Amorim Renata Morais Ferreira , Oliveira Messias Vital de , Cavada Benildo Sousa , Nascimento Kyria Santiago , Assreuy Ana Maria S. , Pires Alana de Freitas
Published: August 2021

The involvement of endocannabinoid receptors in the antinociceptive activity of Lonchocarpus araripensis lectin (LAL) was investigated in the model of carragenan-induced hypernociception. Swiss mice received LAL (10 mg/kg) by intravenous (i.v.) route 30 min before subcutaneous (s.c.) injection of carrageenan in the paws. Animals were treated with the antagonists of CB1 (AM251) or CB2 (AM630) cannabinoid receptors 30 min before the lectin. LAL inhibited the hypernociception induced by carrageenan (1 h: 11.87 ± 0.61 g; 3 h: 9.7 ± 0.70 g). AM251 (1 h: 4.75 ± 0.41 g; 3 h: 4.5 ± 0.53 g) and AM630 (1 h: 5.67 ± 0.56 g; 3 h: 5 ± 0.68 g) reversed the inhibitory effect of LAL. The antinociceptive effect of Lonchocarpus araripensis lectin is mediated by endocannabinoid receptors.
Survey of Dry Antibiotics Most Commonly Used in The City of Niamey from 2015 to 2016
Authors: FADJIMATA Salifou Karimoune , ILAGOUMA Amadou Tidjani , Issiaka BOUKARI
Published: August 2021

The aim of this study is to highlight the antibiotics most commonly used by the population and in the health centers of Niamey. This study will shed light on the types of antibiotics sold in pharmacies and on the streets. Achieving this objective required the use of a prospective survey method and as a survey technique, four survey questionnaires were drawn up on the antibiotics used and knowledge of street drugs including: survey questionnaire for officials of the Ministry of Public Health and the population, survey questionnaire for pharmacists and pharmacy vendors, questionnaire survey for health workers located in hospitals and survey questionnaire for street vendors. The results of the survey reveal that the antibiotics most commonly prescribed in health centers and sold in the city of Niamey are five in number: amoxicillin, ampicillin, cloxacillin; ciprofloxacin and metronidazole. Thirty percent of those persons surveyed are aware of this scourge and consume it because of the inexpensive price, the ease of obtaining it and these persons believe that they act quickly and effectively on health. So, it would be preferable to think of remedying the problem by sensitizing the population awareness on the health consequences and apparently only very large financial actions could wipe out the sale of Street Medicines which is only gaining ground.
Development and Prospect of Automobile Four-Wheel Steering System
Authors: Chen Yajie , Ma Kehui , Zhang Yongguo , Xu Zhen , Zhou Pengcheng
Published: August 2021

Descriptions of the car four-wheel steering system development process，characteristics and advantages of four-wheel steering technology analysis of the current level of development and the control strategy, combined with electronically controlled four-wheel steering application of technology to the development direction of the steering system are discussed.
Causales de vulnerabilidad y evidencias de agotamiento de la caoba en el departamento del Chocó: realidad de una especie en peligro crítico
Authors: Klinger-Braham Willian
Published: August 2021

El presente artículo se basa en los procesos y resultados de dos trabajos de investigación realizados por la Universidad Distrital y el IIAP, ambas con el auspicio de CODECHOCO, con el objetivo de conocer la situación real de la caoba (Sweitenia macrophylla) en el departamento del Chocó. La escasez de la caoba en el departamento del Chocó es tan evidente, que su presencia se restringe exclusivamente al municipio de Juradó, localidad donde en 660 parcelas de 100 m2 cada una, instaladas en territorios colectivos de comuni- dades indígenas, tan solo se registraron 24 individuos de la especie (3.6 Árb/ Ha). A cada uno de estos árboles se le ubicó espacialmente estableciendo sus coordenadas geográficas y planas, se les midió altura y diámetro, se les observó y se describieron sus características sobresalientes. Se realizó un análisis estructural para determinar su importancia en comparación exclusiva con otras especies forestales reportadas en amenaza y esto, sumado a las entrevistas con líderes comunitarios, aserradores y otros actores sociales e institucionales, permitió la identificación de las causas de la vulnerabilidad de la especie.
Novedades del tucán del Pacífico Rhamphastos brevis: hábitat y comportamiento en tres localidades del departamento del Chocó, Colombia
Authors: Moya R. Jimi , Dunlap Jorge V. , Sinisterra Nerlen A.
Published: August 2021

Es relevante resaltar que esta investigación documenta por primera vez los aspectos más importantes del comportamiento y el uso del hábitat del tucán del Pacífico. Las visitas a tres localidades del departamento del Chocó, las estaciones fijas, los recorridos y monitoreos constantes ayudados de binocu- lares (10 x 40) y miras telescópicas, permitieron documentar el comportamien- to (hábitos grupales, solitarios, parejas), actividad, hábitat, tipo de dieta y afinidad biogeográfica, mediante observaciones directas. En general, se encontró que el tucán del Pacífico es más conspicuo en zonas abiertas, en el ecotono y donde predominan cultivos de pancoger; utiliza los estratos más altos del bosque donde frecuenta algunas palmas (meme, donpedrito, milpesos) y el yarumo uva, aprovechar sus frutos y desarrollar actividades de acicala- miento y descanso.
Determinación de la calidad ambiental y ecológica de ecosistemas acuáticos en el municipio de Mistrató, Risaralda, mediante el uso de macroinvertebrados como indicadores
Authors: Salas Yasiris , Murillo Yiskar , Torres Yenecith
Published: August 2021

Con el objeto de determinar la calidad ecológica y ambiental de los ríos San Juan y Risaralda en el municipio de Mistrató, se eligieron nueve estaciones distribuidas en el curso principal y sus tributarios, donde se desarrollaron muestreos de macroinvertebrados acuáticos y peces, análisis de contenidos estomacales de peces y muestreos de variables fisicoquímicas y bacteriológicas. Los resultados manifiestan diversidades medias de macroinvertebrados acuá- ticos, representadas en 1,6 para el río Risaralda y 2 para el San Juan; ambos ríos, de acuerdo con el índice BMWP/col, presentan aguas de calidad acep- table para el desarrollo de flora y fauna. Los muestreos de peces revelan alta abundancia de Brycon sp con 80% del total de individuos capturados, de donde la especie íctica con mayor número de macroinvertebrados acuáticos en su estómago fue Trichomycterus caliense, que se alimenta principalmente de coleópteros y dípteros. Los parámetros fisicoquímicos y bacteriológicos de las estaciones establecidas en la cuenca del río San Juan se encuentran dentro de los rangos establecidos por la normatividad colombiana para preservación de flora y fauna, deportes náuticos y pesca.
Editorial
Authors: Brahan William Klinger
Published: August 2021

La compleja diversidad ecosistémica, biológica y sociocultural del Chocó Biogeográfico, hacen de la investigación un renglón de la actividad institucional, que hace apasionante la construcción de un conocimiento que dé respuesta a innumera- bles interrogantes que surgen al momento de anali- zar la dinámica de la naturaleza, máxime cuando la región se está convirtiendo en el epicentro de múl- tiples actividades antrópicas que alteran el ritmo natural de los ecosistemas y que en muchos casos son ajenas a una cosmovisión étnica, que conscien- temente ha elegido mecanismos de desarrollo con- sonantes con la oferta ambiental del territorio y fundamentadas en prácticas productivas que dejan de lado los aprovechamientos intensivos de los recursos naturales y buscan más bien el uso integral de la biodiversidad en perfecta armonía con las condiciones climáticas.
Eros ja vanha musiikki uuden tanssin näyttämöllä
Authors: Henriksson Marianna , Mustonen Anna
Published: August 2021

Millaisena näyttäytyy halu, kun sen jännitteitä rakennetaan ja puretaan 1600-luvun italialaisen musiikin ja uuden tanssin lävitse? Miten tästä syntyy eräänlainen ooppera? Cembalisti Marianna Henriksson ja koreografi Anna Mustonen keskustelevat valmisteilla olevasta esityksestään Eros the Bittersweet (työnimi).
Vehicle-induced turbulence and atmospheric pollution
Authors: Makar Paul A. , Stroud Craig , Akingunola Ayodeji , Zhang Junhua , Ren Shuzhan , Cheung Philip , Zheng Qiong
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Theoretical models of the Earth's atmosphere adhere to an underlying concept of flow driven by radiative transfer and the nature of the surface over which the flow is taking place: heat from the sun and/or anthropogenic sources are the sole sources of energy driving atmospheric constituent transport. However, another source of energy is prevalent in the human environment at the very local scale – the transfer of kinetic energy from moving vehicles to the atmosphere. We show that this source of energy, due to being co-located with combustion emissions, can influence their vertical distribution to the extent of having a significant influence on lower-troposphere pollutant concentrations throughout North America. The effect of vehicle-induced turbulence on freshly emitted chemicals remains notable even when taking into account more complex urban radiative transfer-driven turbulence theories at high resolution. We have designed a parameterization to account for the at-source vertical transport of freshly emitted pollutants from mobile emissions resulting from vehicle-induced turbulence, in analogy to sub-grid-scale parameterizations for plume rise emissions from large stacks. This parameterization allows vehicle-induced turbulence to be represented at the scales inherent in 3D chemical transport models, allowing this process to be represented over larger regions than is currently feasible with large eddy simulation models. Including this sub-grid-scale parameterization for the vertical transport of emitted pollutants due to vehicle-induced turbulence in a 3D chemical transport model of the atmosphere reduces pre-existing North American nitrogen dioxide biases by a factor of 8 and improves most model performance scores for nitrogen dioxide, particulate matter, and ozone (for example, reductions in root mean square errors of 20 %, 9 %, and 0.5 %, respectively).
Impact of high- and low-vorticity turbulence on cloud–environment mixing and cloud microphysics processes
Authors: Kumar Bipin , Ranjan Rahul , Yau Man-Kong , Bera Sudarsan , Rao Suryachandra A.
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Turbulent mixing of dry air affects the evolution of the cloud droplet size spectrum via various mechanisms. In a turbulent cloud, high- and low-vorticity regions coexist, and inertial clustering of cloud droplets can occur in low-vorticity regions. The nonuniformity in the spatial distribution of the size and in the number of droplets, variable vertical velocity in vortical turbulent structures, and dilution by entrainment/mixing may result in spatial supersaturation variability, which affects the evolution of the cloud droplet size spectrum via condensation and evaporation processes. To untangle the processes involved in mixing phenomena, a 3D direct numerical simulation of turbulent mixing followed by droplet evaporation/condensation in a submeter-sized cubed domain consisting of a large number of droplets was performed in this study. The analysis focused on the thermodynamic and microphysical characteristics of the droplets and the flow in high- and low-vorticity regions. The impact of vorticity generation in turbulent flows on mixing and cloud microphysics is illustrated.
Atmospheric regional climate projections for the Baltic Sea Region until 2100
Authors: Christensen Ole B. , Kjellström Erik , Dieterich Christian , Gröger Matthias , Meier H. E. Markus
Published: August 2021

Abstract. The Baltic Sea Region is very sensitive to climate change; it is a region with spatially varying climate and diverse ecosystems, but also under pressure due to high population in large parts of the area. Climate change impacts could easily exacerbate other anthropogenic stressors such as biodiversity stress from society and eutrophication of the Baltic Sea considerably. Therefore, there has been a focus on estimations of future climate change and its impacts in recent research. In this review paper, we will concentrate on a presentation of recent climate projections from both atmosphere-only and coupled atmosphere-ocean regional climate models. The recent regional climate model projections strengthen the picture from previous assessments. This includes a strong warming, in particular in the north in winter. Precipitation is projected to increase in the whole region apart from the southern half during summer. Consequently, the new results lend more credibility to estimates of uncertainties and robust features of future climate change. Furthermore, the larger number of scenarios gives opportunities to better address impacts of mitigation measures. The coupled atmosphere-ocean model locally modifies the climate change signal relative to that in the stand-alone atmosphere regional climate model. Differences are largest in areas where the coupled system arrives at different sea-surface temperatures and sea-ice conditions.
High temporal resolution hydrometeorological data collected in the tropical Cordillera Blanca, Peru (2004–2020)
Authors: Mateo Emilio I. , Mark Bryan G. , Hellström Robert Å. , Baraer Michel , McKenzie Jeffrey M. , Condom Thomas , Rapre Alejo Cochachín , Gonzales Gilber , Gómez Joe Quijano , Encarnación Rolando Cesai Crúz
Published: August 2021

Abstract. This article provides a comprehensive hydrometeorological dataset collected over the past two decades throughout the Cordillera Blanca, Peru. The data recording sites, located in the upper portion of the Rio Santa valley, also known as the Callejon de Huaylas, span an elevation range of 3738–4750 m a.s.l. As many historical hydrological stations measuring daily discharge across the region became defunct after their installation in the 1950s, there was a need for new stations to be installed and an opportunity to increase the temporal resolution of the streamflow observations. Through inter-institutional collaboration the hydrometeorological network described in this paper was deployed with goals to evaluate how progressive glacier mass loss was impacting stream hydrology, and to better understand the local manifestation of climate change over diurnal to seasonal and interannual time scales. The four automatic weather stations supply detailed meteorological observations, and are situated in a variety of mountain landscapes, with one on a high-mountain pass, another next to a glacial lake, and two in glacially carved valleys. Four additional temperature and relative humidity loggers complement the weather stations within the Llanganuco valley by providing these data across an elevation gradient. The six streamflow gauges are located in tributaries to the Rio Santa and collect high temporal resolution runoff data. The datasets presented here are available freely from https://doi.org/10.4211/hs.059794371790407abd749576df8fd121 (Mateo et al., 2021). Combined, the hydrological and meteorological data collected throughout the Cordillera Blanca enable detailed research of atmospheric and hydrological processes in tropical high-mountain terrain.
100+ years of recomputed surface wave magnitude of shallow earthquakes
Authors: Di Giacomo Domenico , Storchak Dmitry A.
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Among the multitude of magnitude scales developed to measure the size of an earthquake, the surface wave magnitude MS is the only magnitude type that can be computed since the dawn of modern observational seismology (beginning of the 20th century) for most shallow earthquakes worldwide. This is possible thanks to the work of station operators, analysts and researchers that performed measurements of surface wave amplitudes and periods on analogue instruments well before the development of recent digital seismological practice. As a result of a monumental undertaking to digitize such pre-1971 measurements from printed bulletins and integrate them in parametric data form into the database of the International Seismo- logical Centre (ISC, www.isc.ac.uk, last access: August 2021), we are able to recompute MS using a large set of stations and obtain it for the first time for several hundred earthquakes. We summarize the work started at the ISC in 2010 which aims to provide the seismological and broader geoscience community with a revised MS dataset (i.e., catalogue as well as the underlying station data) starting from December 1904 up to the last complete year reviewed by the ISC (currently 2018). This MS dataset is available at the ISC Dataset Repository at https://doi.org/10.31905/0N4HOS2D.
Departamento de Informática do SUS – DATASUS: a gestão de dados de saúde no Brasil e sua contribuição para a inclusão digital
Authors: Prudencio Dayanne da Silva , Ferreira Carlos Alberto
Published: August 2021

Objetivo. Apresenta o Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS), um órgão público brasileiro subordinado à Fundação Nacional de Saúde (Funasa). O órgão recebe e armazena dados produzidos pelo ministério e pelas secretarias estaduais de saúde de todo país. Além disso, assessora secretarias municipais de saúde no estabelecimento de sis-temas de informação e incorporação de tecnologias que permitam mais eficiência na gestão de dados e informações de caráter estratégico. Método. Pesquisa é exploratória-descritiva, utiliza procedimentos bibliográficos e documentais para coleta dos dados. Utili-zou-se abordagem quantitativa e qualitativa para análise dos dados e demonstração dos resultados. Como técnica de análise de dados adota-se a análise de conteúdo segundo Bardin (2011). Os documentos analisados foram recuperados no sítio oficial do DATASUS, já a bibliografia examinada foi obtida a partir de pesquisa no idioma português, espanhol e inglês na LISA e BRAPCI. Resultados. Conclui que o DATASUS é um órgão de importância e que oferece importantes contribuições para a criação de uma infraestrutura tecnológica e informacional de dados e informações em saúde no Brasil. Ainda se verificou que o órgão tem prestado serviços relevantes para sanear a desigualdade e inclusão digital que ainda existem no país. Sugere-se que bibliote-cários brasileiros se engajem em atividades de promoção a competência informacional em saúde e para tanto recomenda apoio nas boas práticas, modelos e infraestrura existentes no sistema de informação.
Implementation Of Guidance And Counseling Program In Madrasah Aliyah Islamic Boarding School Darul Ulum Asahan
Authors: Riswan Hadi Abdurrahman, Tien Rafida,
Published: August 2021

This study aims to explore in-depth data about the implementation of the field of academic guidance services, personal guidance services, social guidance services, and student career guidance services at Madrasah Aliyah Private Islamic Boarding School Modern Darul Ulum Asahan with qualitative research methods with data collection techniques through observation instruments, interviews. and documentation studies. The informants in this study were counseling teachers, madrasa principals, and students. The results of this study explain that: 1) The implementation of services in the field of academic guidance at the Darul Ulum Asahan Modern Private Islamic Boarding School has been carried out properly by providing COUNSELING GUIDANCE program services that lead to the student's academic field. help students solve learning problems that occur to them. The role of COUNSELING GUIDANCE teachers, school principals, and the curriculum has been carried out, but only limited time in providing guidance and counseling programs. The implementation of personal guidance in Private Madrasah Aliyah, 2) Modern Darul Ulum Asahan Islamic Boarding School, is carried out well by giving students directions to students to be able to solve personal problems that exist in themselves and develop their abilities or potentials. The role of guidance and counseling teachers is also as expected in providing services related to personal guidance. which is wherein the implementation of services in the field of personal guidance the guidance and counseling teacher efforts to develop the talents, potentials, and skills of each student by inviting students to be more creative and productive in supporting their potential, such as providing facilities and infrastructure that can generate ideas Student creativity, 3) Implementation of social guidance services in the Private Madrasah Aliyah Islamic Boarding School Modern Darul Ulum Asahan has been socially progressing properly by providing guidance and counseling program services that lead to the field of social development. The role of guidance and counseling teachers in the form of orientation, information, placement, and group guidance services where students are led to be more active in communicating, interacting, and socializing with their environment, and 4) service delivery in the field of career guidance at the Private Madrasah Aliyah Islamic Boarding School Modern Darul Ulum Asahan is carried out by providing understanding to students related to understanding, planning, choosing, adjusting and developing a career according to their interests and talents.
Neonatal Alloimmune Thrombocytopenia Detected After Traumatic Delivery: Case Report
Authors: KAya Gökhan , Tanrıverdi Sema
Published: August 2021

Neonatal Alloimmune Thrombocytopenia (NAIT), a complication of maternal alloimmunization against fetal platelets, is the result of immune destruction of platelets due to maternal antibodies in the early period. The cause of thrombocytopenia here is by antibodies developed against human platelet antigens frequently inherited from the mother. The clinical manifestations of NAIT extend from asymptomatic to severe bleeding. Platelet suspension can be used in the setting of severe thrombocytopenia or life-threatening bleeding. High-dose intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy is another treatment option. A case who had no clinical finding except diffuse ecchymoses after traumatic delivery, but was considered to have NAIT due to severe thrombocytopenia and was successfully treated with platelet suspension and IVIG is presented.
Preoperative Radiological Assessment of The Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Cilengir Atilla Hikmet , Dursun Suat , Sinci Kazım Ayberk , Tosun Özgür
Published: August 2021

Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a surgery method that can reduce symptoms and restore joint functions. Long-term success of this operation depends on the correct anatomical and mechanical planning before the prosthetic material implantation. Accurate implant alignment together with anatomical balance provides more successful clinical outcomes and longer duration of the prosthetic material. Improper preoperative planning may cause implant loosening and increased load on the knee joint. Conventional radiographs are the most frequently used imaging methods for this purpose. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging may be used in required cases. In addition, computer-aided systems have come into use and successful results have been reported. Early radiographic evaluation is unnecessary after an uncomplicated TKA. Preoperative imaging has several aims such as to assess the severity of the disease, to analyze the reserve bone tissue, to review the relevant anatomy, and to decide which implant and surgical approach will be applied. In this article, we aimed to present the necessary and also auxiliary radiological evaluations made before TKA in order to achieve better clinical results.