bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Machine learning framework with feature selection approaches for thyroid disease classification and associated risk factors identification
Authors: Sultana Azrin , Islam Rakibul
Published: June 2023

Thyroid disease (TD) develops when the thyroid does not generate an adequate quantity of thyroid hormones as well as when a lump or nodule emerges due to aberrant growth of the thyroid gland. As a result, early detection was pertinent in preventing or minimizing the impact of this disease. In this study, different machine learning (ML) algorithms with a combination of scaling method, oversampling technique, and various feature selection approaches have been applied to make an efficient framework to classify TD. In addition, significant risk factors of TD were also identified in this proposed system. The dataset was collected from the University of California Irvine (UCI) repository for this research. After that, in the preprocessing stage, Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique (SMOTE) was used to resolve the imbalance class problem and robust scaling technique was used to scale the dataset. The Boruta, Recursive Feature Elimination (RFE), and Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) approaches were used to select appropriate features. To train the model, we employed six different ML classifiers: Support Vector Machine (SVM), AdaBoost (AB), Decision Tree (DT), Gradient Boosting (GB), K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), and Random Forest (RF). The models were examined using a 5-fold CV. Different performance metrics were observed to compare the effectiveness of the algorithms. The system achieved the most accurate results using the RF classifier, with 99% accuracy. This proposed system will be beneficial for physicians and patients to classify TD as well as to learn about the associated risk factors of TD.
Effective dynamics and fluctuations of a trapped probe moving in a fluid of active hard discs
(a)
Authors: Jayaram Ashreya , Speck Thomas
Published: June 2023

We study the dynamics of a single trapped probe surrounded by self-propelled active particles in two dimensions. In the limit of large size separation, we perform an adiabatic elimination of the small active particles to obtain an effective Markovian dynamics of the large probe, yielding explicit expressions for the mobility and diffusion coefficient. To calculate these expressions, we perform computer simulations employing active Brownian discs and consider two scenarios: non-interacting bath particles and purely repulsive interactions modeling volume exclusion. We keep the probe-to-bath size ratio fixed and vary the propulsion speed of the bath particles. The positional fluctuations of a trapped probe are accessible in experiments, for which we test the prediction from the adiabatic elimination. We find that for a passive bath the Markovian prediction that the integrated force correlations equal the drag coefficient is not fulfilled in the simulations. However, this discrepancy is small compared to the active contribution and the overall agreement between predicted and measured probe fluctuations is very good at larger speeds.
Hormones and Aging: An Endocrine Society Scientific Statement
Authors: Cappola Anne R , Auchus Richard J , El-Hajj Fuleihan Ghada , Handelsman David J , Kalyani Rita R , McClung Michael , Stuenkel Cynthia A , Thorner Michael O , Verbalis Joseph G
Published: June 2023

Multiple changes occur across various endocrine systems as an individual ages. The understanding of the factors that cause age-related changes and how they should be managed clinically is evolving. This statement reviews the current state of research in the growth hormone, adrenal, ovarian, testicular, and thyroid axes, as well as in osteoporosis, vitamin D deficiency, type 2 diabetes, and water metabolism, with a specific focus on older individuals. Each section describes the natural history and observational data in older individuals, available therapies, clinical trial data on efficacy and safety in older individuals, key points, and scientific gaps. The goal of this statement is to inform future research that refines prevention and treatment strategies in age-associated endocrine conditions, with the goal of improving the health of older individuals.
Periostin in Osteoporosis and Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Pickering Marie-Eva , Oris Charlotte , Chapurlat Roland
Published: June 2023

Context

Osteoporosis (OP) and cardiovascular disease (CVD), prevalent disorders worldwide, often coexist and share common risk factors. The identification of common biomarkers could significantly improve patients’ preventive care.

Objectives

The objectives are 1, to review periostin (Postn) involvement in osteoporosis and in CVD, and 2, identify if Postn could be a common biomarker.

Design

This is a scoping review on Postn in OP and CVD.

Methods

Databases were searched, in vitro and in vivo, for publications in English on Postn, bone, and the cardiovascular system, with no limit regarding publication date.

Results

Postn appears as a key factor in OP and CVD. Its role as a potential biomarker in both pathologies is described in recent studies, but a number of limitations have been identified.

Conclusions

Current evidence provides fragmented views on Postn in OP and CVD and does not encapsulate Postn as a common pivotal thread linking these comorbidities. A number of gaps impede highlighting Postn as a common biomarker. There is room for future basic and clinical research with Postn as a marker and a target to provide new therapeutic options for aging patients with concomitant OP and CVD.
Low-Dose Radiosurgery for Brain Metastases in the Era of Modern Systemic Therapy
Authors: Alzate Juan Diego , Mashiach Elad , Berger Assaf , Bernstein Kenneth , Mullen Reed , Nigris Vasconcellos Fernando De , Qu Tanxia , Silverman Joshua S. , Donahue Bernadine R. , Cooper Benjamin T. , Sulman Erik P. , Golfinos John G. , Kondziolka Douglas
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Dose selection for brain metastases stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) classically has been based on tumor diameter with a reduction of dose in the settings of prior brain irradiation, larger tumor volumes, and critical brain location. However, retrospective series have shown local control rates to be suboptimal with reduced doses. We hypothesized that lower doses could be effective for specific tumor biologies with concomitant systemic therapies. This study aims to report the local control (LC) and toxicity when using low-dose SRS in the era of modern systemic therapy.

METHODS:

We reviewed 102 patients with 688 tumors managed between 2014 and 2021 who had low-margin dose radiosurgery, defined as ≤14 Gy. Tumor control was correlated with demographic, clinical, and dosimetric data.

RESULTS:

The main primary cancer types were lung in 48 (47.1%), breast in 31 (30.4%), melanoma in 8 (7.8%), and others in 15 patients (11.7%). The median tumor volume was 0.037cc (0.002-26.31 cm3), and the median margin dose was 14 Gy (range 10-14). The local failure (LF) cumulative incidence at 1 and 2 years was 6% and 12%, respectively. On competing risk regression analysis, larger volume, melanoma histology, and margin dose were predictors of LF. The 1-year and 2-year cumulative incidence of adverse radiation effects (ARE: an adverse imaging-defined response includes increased enhancement and peritumoral edema) was 0.8% and 2%.

CONCLUSION:

It is feasible to achieve acceptable LC in BMs with low-dose SRS. Volume, melanoma histology, and margin dose seem to be predictors for LF. The value of a low-dose approach may be in the management of patients with higher numbers of small or adjacent tumors with a history of whole brain radio therapy or multiple SRS sessions and in tumors in critical locations with the aim of LC and preservation of neurological function.
The effects of crank power and cadence on muscle fascicle shortening velocity, muscle activation and joint-specific power during cycling
Authors: Riveros-Matthey Cristian D. , Carroll Timothy J. , Lichtwark Glen A. , Connick Mark J.
Published: June 2023

Whilst people typically choose to locomote in the most economical fashion, during bicycling they will, unusually, chose cadences that are higher than metabolically optimal. Empirical measurements of the intrinsic contractile properties of the vastus lateralis (VL) muscle during submaximal cycling suggest that the cadences that people self-selected might allow for optimal muscle fascicle shortening velocity for the production of knee extensor muscle power. It remains unclear, however, whether this is consistent across different power outputs where the self-selected cadence (SSC) varies. We examined the effect of cadence and external power requirements on muscle neuromechanics and joint power during cycling. VL fascicle shortening velocity, muscle activation and joint-specific power were measured during cycling between 60 and 120 rpm (including SSC), while participants produced 10%, 30% and 50% of peak maximal power. VL shortening velocity increased as cadence increased but was similar across the different power outputs. Although no differences were found in the distribution of joint power across cadence conditions, the absolute knee joint power increased with increasing crank power output. Muscle fascicle shortening velocity increased in VL at the SSC as pedal power demands increased from submaximal towards maximal cycling. A secondary analysis of muscle activation patterns showed minimized activation of VL and other muscles near the SSC at the 10% and 30% power conditions. Minimization of activation with progressively increasing fascicle shortening velocities at the SSC may be consistent with the theory that the optimum shortening velocity for maximizing power increases with the intensity of exercise and recruitment of fast twitch fibers.
Η λατρεία του Διός Μειλιχίου
Authors: Μιχαλόπουλος Γεώργιος
Published: June 2023

Η συγκεκριμένη μελέτη αφορά στα νέα δεδομένα που προέκυψαν από την ανασκαφή που διεξήχθη από την Εφορεία Αρχαιοτήτων πόλης Αθηνών (τ. Γ΄ ΕΠΚΑ) στο οικοδομικό τετράγωνο, που ορίζεται από τις οδούς Αρδηττού, Θωμοπούλου, Κεφάλου και Κούτουλα στην ανατολική κοίτη του Ιλισσού στην Άγρα. H έρευνα επικεντρώνεται στην λατρεία του Μειλιχίου Διός στην Αττική και ειδικά στον Ιλισσό, μία περιοχή της αρχαίας Αθήνας, η οποία έχει χαρακτηρισθεί ως ειδυλλιακή στο Φαίδρο του Πλάτωνα. Επίσης, προσδιορίζει, την σχέση του ανακαλυφθέντος ναού με τα λατρευτικά δρώμενα της εορτής των Διασίων, την πιθανή σχέση του θεού με τα Μικρά Μυστήρια εν Άγραις και την χθόνια-γονιμική λατρεία των ελευσινίων θεοτήτων, της Δήμητρας και της Κόρης. Επιπροσθέτως, διερευνάται η σχέση του ναού με άλλες λατρείες θεών και θεαινών στο λόφο του Αρδηττού. Στον Μειλίχιο Δία, ήταν αφιερωμένη στην Αθήνα, η μεγαλύτερη εορτή του Διός, τα Διάσια, που προσείλκυε λατρευτές από πολλά μέρη της Αττικής, και ετελείτο δέκα ημέρες μετά τα Ανθεστήρια στο ναό του Διός στις όχθες του Ιλισσού, έξω από τα τείχη της πόλης, όπως μαρτυρείται από τον Θουκυδίδη, τον Αριστοφάνη και το ημερολόγιο θυσιών του δήμου της Ερχιάς. Μέσα από τα νέα ευρήματα, την επανεξέταση των παλαιών, τη συνεξέταση των φιλολογικών κειμένων και των επιγραφικών μαρτυριών διερευνάται η λατρεία του θεού στην Αθήνα, από τα κλασικά έως και τα ύστερα αυτοκρατορικά χρόνια, ώστε να καταδειχθεί η σημασία της για όλους τους τομείς της ζωής των πολιτών.
Επίπτωση της αφαίρεσης του καταρρακτικού φακού στην ενδοφθάλμια πίεση (ΕΟΠ) και τις οφθαλμικές δομές
Authors: Ξηρού Βασιλική
Published: June 2023

Σκοπός: Ο στόχος αυτής της μελέτης ήταν να αξιολογήσει και να συγκρίνει τις αλλαγές στην ενδοφθάλμια πίεση (ΕΟΠ) και σε άλλες οφθαλμικές παραμέτρους: τη γωνία (ACA), τον όγκο (ACV) και το βάθος του προσθίου θαλάμου (ACD) μετά από επέμβαση φακοθρυψίας σε Έλληνες ασθενείς με φυσιολογικούς οφθαλμούς και σε ασθενείς με καλά ελεγχόμενο γλαύκωμα ανοιχτής γωνίας (OAG). Επιπλέον, εξετάστηκαν παράμετροι όπως το πάχος του κερατοειδούς (CCT), το αξονικό μήκος του βολβού (AL), το κεντρικό πάχος της ωχράς κηλίδας (CMT) και το πάχος της περιθηλαίας στιβάδας των νευρικών ινών του αμφιβληστροειδούς (RNFL). Ασθενείς και Μέθοδοι: Η μελέτη αυτή καθορίστηκε ως μια προοπτική κλινική μελέτη παρατήρησης με ομάδα ελέγχου που περιελάμβανε 50 φακικούς οφθαλμούς, 25 με φυσιολογική πίεση (Ομάδα 1) και 25 με Γλαύκωμα Ανοικτής Γωνίας (OAG) (Ομάδα 2), εκ των οποίων 15 παρουσίαζαν Πρωτοπαθές Γλαύκωμα Ανοιχτής Γωνίας (POAG) και 10 Ψευδοαποφολιδωτικό Γλαύκωμα (EXG). Η οφθαλμική εξέταση περιελάμβανε μετρήσεις ΕΟΠ, οφθαλμική βιομετρία και αξιολόγηση στην Οπτική Τομογραφία Συνοχής των προαναφερθέντων οφθαλμικών παραμέτρων, πριν και 6 μήνες μετά τη χειρουργική επέμβαση φακοθρυψίας.Αποτελέσματα: Κατά την 6μηνη μετεγχειρητική επανεξέταση, καταγράφηκε μεγαλύτερη μείωση της ΕΟΠ στους οφθαλμούς με OAG, σε σύγκριση με τους φυσιολογικούς (5,3 mm Hg και 1,6 mm Hg αντίστοιχα). Επιπλέον, μια σημαντική αλλά παρόμοια μεταξύ των δύο ομάδων, αύξηση καταγράφηκε στις τιμές των ACA, ACV και ACD. Επιπλέον, οι τιμές CCT και AL παρέμειναν αναλλοίωτες. Τέλος, δεν καταγράφηκε στατιστικά σημαντική αλλαγή στη μέση τιμή CMT και RNFL και των δύο ομάδων.Συμπέρασμα: Οι οφθαλμοί με OAG τείνουν να υφίστανται μεγαλύτερη μείωση στην ΕΟΠ μετά την επέμβαση φακοθρυψίας, σε σύγκριση με τους οφθαλμούς με φυσιολογική πίεση. Σύμφωνα με τα αποτελέσματά μας, οι αιτίες που διαδραματίζουν τον κύριο ρόλο για τη μείωση της ενδοφθάλμιας πίεσης μετά από φακοθρυψία , δεν είναι οι ανατομικές αλλαγές στη γωνία του προσθίου θαλάμου, αλλά ένας μηχανισμός αναδιαμόρφωσης του γωνιακού δικτυωτού ηθμού και οι μετεγχειρητικές αλλαγές που συμβαίνουν στο ακτινωτό σώμα και στις ακτινοειδείς προβολές, ειδικά σε οφθαλμούς με γλαύκωμα ανοικτής γωνίας στους οποίους υφίσταται παθολογία στο ενδοθήλιο του γωνιακού ηθμού.
Multi-drug resistant microbes are resident on nose masks used as preventive protocols for COVID-19 in selected Ghanaian cohort
Authors: Gyapong Francis , Debra Ethel , Ofori Maame O. , Ayerakwa Eunice A. , Abban Molly K. , Mosi Lydia , Isawumi Abiola
Published: June 2023

Background: Use of nose masks was an effective and significant part of the World Health Organization (WHO) coronavirus disease (COVID-19) preventive protocols; however, unhygienic practices by the user could lead to microbial contamination of masks. This study profiled bacteria and fungi resident on nose masks and established unhygienic practices; which was not prioritized during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional exploratory study, and questionnaires on unhygienic practices toward mask use were completed by 100 consenting participants from which their nose masks were collected for microbial assessment. The isolated microorganisms were characterized with phenotypic and molecular assays. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics and presented in graphs.

Results: Overall, 65% out of the 100 participants reported using a single nose mask for more than a day and 31% washed the mask to reuse. The bacterial load on the exterior (9.9 x 104 CFU/ml) mask interior (9.1 x 104 CFU/ml) was higher than the threshold outlined by WHO. Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, Bacillus, Proteus, Citrobacter, Salmonella, Penicillium, and Aspergillus species were isolated from the mask, and about 80-100% of these isolates were resistant to 18 antimicrobials tested. Uncommon bacterial and fungal isolates, including Providencia, Morganella, Edwardsiella, Rhodotorula and Fusarium species, were also resident on the masks.

Conclusions: Diverse multidrug-resistant pathobionts resided on the used mask. These microbes can be opportunistic and cause infections. Nose masks have become a common social accessory; thus strategies are required to ease user discomfort and encourage hygiene practices.
El patrimonio y las salidas de campo como método didáctico.
Authors: Bonifacio Sánchez Leonor Lara
Published: June 2023

El presente artículo se desarrolla bajo una propuesta de innovación docente, donde las salidas de campo y el patrimonio son utilizados para impartir la asignatura de Educación Plástica Visual y Audiovisual. Este trabajo parte de la previa investigación de la educación al aire libre y las salidas de campo como metodologías activas, además del uso del patrimonio como herramienta didáctica. Dicha propuesta ha sido realizada para el curso de 3º de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria del Instituto Santa Aurelia, Sevilla. Gracias al estudio de su contexto y a una intervención tutorizada, se ha llevado a cabo una propuesta de itinerario curricular, donde se han trabajado diferentes enclaves culturales que permiten dar todos los contenidos del currículo de la asignatura mediante las propias salidas de campo. Además, se recoge un protocolo de actuación que resume la metodología propuesta, para así poder reproducirla en futuras intervenciones docentes.
Educasigno: un diccionario visual y digital de conceptos educativos en lengua de signos.
Authors: Cabeza-Ruiz Ruth , Alcázar-Jiménez Rocío , Rodríguez-Servián Manuel
Published: June 2023

La educación inclusiva busca la transformación de la cultura y las prácticas de las instituciones educativas con el fin de promover el aprendizaje de todo el alumnado, independientemente de sus características. La diversidad es un aspecto inherente al ser humano y los centros educativos deben promover un modelo de enseñanza-aprendizaje accesible e inclusivo. Aunque la educación inclusiva hace alusión a la incorporación al sistema educativo ordinario de personas pertenecientes a diferentes colectivos que han sido tradicionalmente marginados y vulnerados, este trabajo se centra en el colectivo de personas con discapacidad auditiva. La discapacidad auditiva se refiere a cualquier deficiencia en la facultad de una persona para percibir sonidos en los rangos considerados normales, pudiendo haber una pérdida parcial o total de la capacidad para hacerlo. Dentro de la discapacidad auditiva, aquellas con un nivel de audición muy bajo y aquellas que no pueden oír en absoluto, las personas sordas, suelen utilizar la lengua de signos para comunicarse. Una de las características que definen al profesorado inclusivo es que se preocupa por conocer las posibilidades de los medios tecnológicos ofrecen para la inclusión del alumnado con discapacidad. Educasigno es un diccionario visual y digital de lengua de signos que busca ser útil para el profesorado en el ámbito de la educación inclusiva. Actualmente el diccionario cuenta con un total de 202 signos con el fin de que el profesorado que tenga en sus aulas alumnado con discapacidad auditiva pueda aprender un vocabulario básico para poder utilizar una comunicación distinta a la verbal.
Maximizing the Benefits of an On-Demand Workforce: Fill Rate-Based Allocation and Coordination Mechanisms
Authors: Lu Tao , Zheng Zhichao , Zhong Yuanguang
Published: June 2023

Problem definition: With the rapid growth of the gig economy, on-demand staffing platforms have emerged to help companies manage their temporary workforce. This emerging business-to-business context motivates us to study a new form of supply chain coordination problem. We consider a staffing platform managing an on-demand workforce to serve multiple firms facing stochastic labor demand. Before demand realization, each individual firm can hire permanent employees, whereas the platform determines a compensation rate for potential on-demand workers. After knowing the realized demand, firms in need can request on-demand workers from the platform, and then, the platform operator allocates the available on-demand workforce among the firms. We explore how to maximize and distribute the benefits of an on-demand workforce through coordinating self-interested parties in the staffing system. Methodology/results: We combine game theory and online optimization techniques to address the challenges in incentivizing and coordinating the online workforce. We propose a novel and easily implementable fill rate-based allocation and coordination mechanism that enables the on-demand workforce to be shared optimally when individual firms and the platform operator make decisions in their own interest. We also show that the proposed mechanism can be adapted to the cases when contract terms need to be identical to all firms and when actual demand is unverifiable. Managerial implications: The proposed contract mechanism is in line with the performance-based contracting commonly used in on-demand staffing services. Our results suggest that under an appropriately designed performance-based mechanism, individual firms and the platform operator can share the maximum benefits of on-demand staffing.

Funding: This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grant 71871097] and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, China.

Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2021.0327 .
Compliance with oral iron supplementation among pregnant women in the Tain district, Ghana
Authors: Ferka Listowel , Kumi-Kyereme Akwasi
Published: June 2023

Background/Aims

Iron deficiency anaemia is considered a major global public health challenge, especially in developing countries, with pregnant women being most affected. In Ghana, the prevalence of anaemia in pregnancy is relatively high, particularly in the Tain district. This has been attributed to problems with compliance to oral iron and folic acid supplementation. The aim of this study was to assess personal factors associated with compliance with oral iron supplementation in rural areas of the Tain district.

Methods

A cross-sectional design was used for this study, which collected quantitative data from 480 pregnant women. Ten health facilities were selected, with proportional allocation of the sample to each facility. Simple random sampling was used to select pregnant women in the clinical setting. A structured questionnaire was used to collect participants' data and descriptive and inferential statistics were applied.

Results

Only a third (34%) of respondents complied with oral iron supplementation. Cohabiting with a partner (P=0.003), having no formal or only primary level education (P=0.009), having a partner with middle school or junior high school level education (P=0.014) and being in the first trimester (P<0.001) were significantly associated with compliance.

Conclusions

Compliance with oral iron supplementation was low. Health education on iron supplementation should be strengthened by targeting pregnant women at risk of non-compliance. This education should be carried out by midwives during routine antenatal visits.
Understanding antenatal care use in pastoralist communities: a focused ethnographic study in Kenya
Authors: Barako Talaso D , Spiby Helen , Evans Catrin , Konstantinidis Stathis
Published: June 2023

Background/Aims

The provision of high-quality antenatal care improves maternal and child health outcomes. Pastoralist communities face unique challenges in accessing healthcare associated with a nomadic, marginalised lifestyle, and have high rates of maternal morbidity and mortality. There is minimal evidence on antenatal care use globally among this group. To develop optimal services for pastoralist communities, there is an urgent need to understand pastoralist women's use of antenatal care services. This study's aim was to explore experiences of antenatal care among pastoralist communities in Kenya, to identify key barriers and facilitators of uptake.

Methods

This focused ethnographic qualitative study was underpinned by a philosophy of critical realism. A total of 58 participants (women, husbands, traditional birth attendants and nurses) were included. Data were collected using interviews, focus group discussions and observation. Data were collected for 6 months in six villages and five health facilities in a pastoralist region of northern Kenya. Inductive thematic analysis and retroduction were used to identify concepts, structures and mechanisms that influenced antenatal care use.

Results

Pastoralist women's antenatal care experiences and use were linked to two main themes. The first was government policies that incentivised antenatal care use by linking the provision of the baby's health and citizenship records to antenatal care uptake and encouraging traditional birth attendants to adopt defined referral roles. The second highlighted multiple structural barriers that impeded consistent antenatal care uptake, including the pastoralist lifestyle, cultural barriers, health system constraints and a gap in information sharing. The dissonance between these led to partial, sub-optimal use patterns of antenatal care.

Conclusions

Government policy created an impetus for the pastoralist community to use contemporary healthcare services. At the same time, multiple barriers impeded access to services. This explains the partial use of antenatal care services among pastoralist communities. The findings throw doubt on the feasibility of antenatal care guidelines that recommend eight contacts during pregnancy. There is a need to work collaboratively with communities to develop context-specific models of care.
Deciphering Bluetooth
Authors: Grylls Bethan
Published: June 2023

A SEVERE BLUETOOTH COMMUNICATION BREACH HAS BEEN DISCOVERED.
Updated Embedded C Coding Standard Released
Authors: Tyler Neil
Published: June 2023

INFLUENTIAL STANDARD GETS AN UPDATE AND LOOKS TO HELP ENGINEERS REDUCE DEFECTS IN FIRMWARE.
What Next for the Tech Giants?
Authors: Tyler Neil
Published: June 2023

AS APPLE HITS A VALUATION OF $1 TRILLION, WHERE NEXT FOR THE TECH GIANTS OF SILICON VALLEY?
Nutrient Fate in the Full MAnure PHosphorus EXtraction (MAPHEX) System, and Design of a Simplified System (MAPHEX Lite)
Authors: Church Clinton , Hristov Alexander N. , Kleinman Peter J. A. , Fishel Sarah K. , Reiner Michael R. , Bryant Ray B.
Published: June 2023

Highlights

The MAPHEX System removes and concentrates most of the P and other nutrients from liquid dairy manures.

Most of the N and K are left in the liquid fraction for the beneficial use of the farmer.

Design and expected performance of a simplified but much larger System is discussed.

Abstract. The relatively recent concept of the manureshed highlights the problem of the broken nutrient cycle in modern animal agriculture and the low nitrogen:phosphorus ratio in manure relative to crop requirement that results in P accumulation in soils near source areas. One solution to avoid P accumulation is to transport the manure to soils with a deficit of P, but liquid manure’s bulkiness and low nutrient density present challenges for transport over great distances. While the full MAnure PHosphorus EXtraction (MAPHEX) System has shown to be capable of removing greater than 90% of the P from liquid manures while leaving much of the N in the liquid fraction for use on the farm, other nutrients present in manures in lesser amounts than N and P have not been reported on. This study indicates that both the full MAPHEX System and a newly designed MAPHEX Lite System, that not only conserves more N but is more efficient and less costly, are highly efficient at extracting and concentrating most nutrients in solid form while leaving most of the N and K in the liquid phase for beneficial use by the farmer near the manure source. Therefore, it seems clear that both Systems, and the components they include have the potential to play a significant role in manureshed management. Keywords: Chemical treatment, Liquid-solid separation, Manure, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium, Treatment systems.
PARA A CONSTITUIÇÃO DE BANCO DE DADOS ELETRÔNICOS DE PORTUGUÊS BRASILEIRO FALADO CULTO: Edição com uso do eDictor de inquéritos do NURC-Salvador
Authors: Do Rosário Taine , Mariana Fagundes de Oliveira Lacerda
Published: June 2023

O projeto Corpus Eletrônico de Documentos Históricos do Sertão (CE-DOHS), desde a sua criação, no ano de 2012, como um dos projetos que integram o Núcleo de Estudos de Língua Portuguesa (NELP), do Departamento de Letras e Artes (DLA) da Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana (UEFS), desenvolve trabalhos voltados, no âmbito da Linguística de Corpus, para a elaboração e disponibilização de uma base documental significativa e representativa de diferentes períodos para o estudo do Português Brasileiro (PB) e, para isso, busca por fontes variadas e abundantes, uma vez que, como afirma Sardinha (2000), um dos elementos fundamentais para elaboração de um corpus é a sua extensão. Além dos aspectos relacionados ao tamanho, Sardinha (2000) também salienta outras características necessárias a um corpus ao apresentar a definição de Sanchez (1995).
Luis II de Baviera, El Rey Loco (Ludwig, 1973). La peritación psiquiátrica para una incapacitación, un caso histórico
Authors: García-Crego Juan , García-Fernández Juan Vicente
Published: June 2023

En este trabajo, partiendo de un personaje histórico como fue Luis II de Baviera, se hace un estudio de las circunstancias y hechos que se aportaron durante la peritación que una comisión de psiquiatras llevó a cabo para incapacitar al rey y apartarlo de la jefatura del Estado de Baviera. Se repasa la historia clínica del rey, desde sus antecedentes familiares a los personales y enfermedad actual. Las sustancias de las que el rey era dependiente y los síntomas que presentaba cuando se procedió a incapacitarlo. Todo ello en un contexto que nos lleva a preguntarnos: ¿Lo que realmente ocurrió fue un golpe de Estado, amparándose en que el dictamen de los psiquiatras decía que el rey estaba incapacitado para gobernar? El autor cinematográfico Luchino Visconti, en una de sus películas de la trilogía alemana, Luis II de Baviera, el rey loco (Ludwig, 1973), nos muestra de una manera ejemplar, como se produjo aquel proceso.
American Splendor (2003) De Shari Springer Berman y Robert Pulcini: Un superhéroe undergound con cáncer
Authors: López-Mato Pablo , Abad-Vila Miguel
Published: June 2023

Durante la década de los 60, la auténtica cuna del cómic underground estaba en los Estados Unidos. Estas publicaciones surgieron al margen de las grandes potencias de la edición, impresión y distribución de la época, concentrándose en los temas preferidos por la contracultura: política, jazz, música rock, uso recreativo de las drogas y sexo. Se desarrollaron al margen de las tiras cómicas de los diarios más populares, los cuadernos, las revistas y los comic books que presentaban las caricaturas y las aventuras de personajes románticos, bélicos y policiacos. Pero también las de los superhéroes fantásticos favoritos del público, como Superman, materializadas por primera vez en 1938 gracias a la maestría de Joe Shuster y Jerry Siegel. En San Francisco, a comienzos de 1968, Zap Comix editó el primer comic book underground completo del dibujante Robert Crumb, emblemático pionero de estas publicaciones. Precisamente en el otoño de 1962, un mercadillo de discos de jazz de segunda mano en Cleveland propició el primer encuentro entre Robert Crumb, a la sazón un modesto dibujante de postales, y Harvey Pekar, un anodino individuo desaliñado y fracasado, que acabaría trabajando hasta su jubilación como archivero en un hospital de veteranos del gobierno federal. Así se gestó American Splendor, la autobiografía de Harvey Pekar, poética catarsis personal que sería ilustrada por algunos de los autores más representativos del cómic underground, como el propio Robert Crumb, Gary Dumm, Joe Sacco, Frank Stack y Joe Zabel. En 1987, la primera recopilación de American Splendor ganó el American Book Award. En 1994, la novela gráfica Our Cancer Year, la experiencia del cáncer padecida por Harvey Pekar en primera persona, fue escrita en colaboración con su esposa Joyce Brabner, siendo galardonada con el prestigioso premio Harvey de la industria estadounidense del cómic. Todas estas peripecias han sido llevadas a la pantalla cinematográfica en el docudrama American Splendor (2003) de Shari Springer Berman y Robert Pulcini.
Radiofrequency ablation of benign thyroid nodules: the value of anterolateral hydrodissection
Authors: Jeong So Yeong , Baek Jung Hwan , Chung Sae Rom , Choi Young Jun , Chung Ki-Wook , Kim Tae Yong , Lee Jeong Hyun
Published: June 2023

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the technical feasibility, efficacy, and safety of anterolateral hydrodissection (ALHD) in radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for benign thyroid nodules.Methods: Between November 2019 and April 2020, 39 patients underwent 41 sessions of RFA with the ALHD technique to treat benign thyroid nodules. ALHD was performed with cold (0°C-4°C) 5% dextrose solution during RFA to minimize pain and secure sufficient safety margins from critical neck structures. The initial ablation ratio (IAR) was measured to assess the technique’s efficiency. Ultrasound examinations, symptoms, and cosmetic scores were evaluated pre-procedure and at 6 and 12 months post-procedure. Procedure-related pain during RFA and complications were recorded.Results: The mean index nodule volume was 20.5±21.6 mL. ALHD was technically feasible in all patients. The mean IAR was 90.7%±8.3%, and significant reductions in mean nodule volume were noted at 6- and 12-month follow-ups (P<0.001, 63.9%±19.0%, and 76.3%±18.9%, respectively). Symptom and cosmetic scores showed significant improvements at 6- and 12-month follow-ups (P<0.001). Pain during the procedure was well-controlled with ALHD in all patients. After the initial use of 5-10 mL of lidocaine at the start of the procedure, no further lidocaine injection was given to any patient. Transient voice change was observed in one patient, but the patient recovered spontaneously within 30 minutes.Conclusion: The ALHD technique was technically feasible and effective in all patients, achieving a mean IAR of 90.7%. The ALHD technique also had a pain-relieving effect, resulting in only low amounts of lidocaine administration being required during the procedure.
Metalexicografia escolar
Authors: Oliveira Laiza Rodrigues , Castiglioni Ana Claudia
Published: June 2023

Este artigo objetiva realizar uma análise contrastiva da microestrutura dos verbetes cidadão e cidadania presentes nos dicionários escolares do Tipo 4, selecionados no último edital oficial do Programa Nacional do Livro Didático - PNLD Dicionários (2012) e destinados ao Ensino Médio. Os pressupostos teóricos que fundamentam esta pesquisa provêm da Metalexicografia escolar e a análise se voltou para o caráter técnico da construção microestrutural a fim de promover uma reflexão linguística e metodológica sobre o objeto de estudo analisado. A partir da análise, verificamos haver obras que possuem lacunas em algumas definições da palavra-entrada, provocadas pela falta de alguns elementos estruturais, levando o aluno-consulente a, possivelmente, precisar usar mais de um dicionário para haver a complementação e compreensão plena do sentido.
hidronímia preservada nos Sertões de Araraquara-SP
Authors: Leite Jorge Augusto , Murakawa Clotilde de Almeida Azevedo
Published: June 2023

Os nomes próprios de lugares remontam ao nosso passado e as nossas origens, e a partir deles é possível realizar um estudo toponímico interdisciplinar, uma vez que a toponímia se interliga com outras ciências. Nesse sentido, o presente artigo tem como objetivo apresentar um recorte de uma pesquisa sobre a toponímia rural física, por meio da leitura de cartas de sesmarias, seguindo como pressupostos teórico-metodológico Backheuser (1952); Stewart (1954); Dick (1992), Cambraia (2001) e Isquerdo e Dargel (2018). Considerando o espaço que Araraquara-SP abrangia no século XIX, tal qual era conhecido como sertão, o corpus para o estudo foi o livro Registros de Propriedades Rurais do Município de Araraquara-SP (1855-1858) e os mapas cartográficos do IBGE. Foram inventariados 107 hidrônimos mencionados nas escrituras, e a partir da região central do Estado de São Paulo, a qual foi delimitada para este estudo, 22 circundam o espaço. A análise constatou que, nos topônimos, elementos de natureza circundante, como a água e a fauna, foram os aspectos motivadores predominantes de maior ocorrência nos hidrônimos analisados. Além disso, comprovou-se, mesmo que minimamente, hidrônimos que motivaram os nomes de cidades.
DESENVOLVIMENTO DE SOLUÇÃO DE GEOINFORMAÇÃO ABERTA VOLTADA AO PLANEJAMENTO DA ATUALIZAÇÃO CADASTRAL DE UMA CIDADE PEQUENA
Authors: Vieira Arthur Duarte , Camara Gabriele Silveira , Bravo João Vitor Meza , Camboim Silvana Philippi
Published: June 2023

No Brasil as cidades pequenas são as mais afetadas com a desatualização ou a inexistência de informações cadastrais das unidades imobiliárias. Geralmente, a avaliação e  a tributação da terra nas cidades pequenas tem defasagem, pois as prefeituras normalmente não têm recursos para realizar atualizações constantes em suas bases cartográficas. Desse modo, neste trabalho desenvolveu-se uma solução de geoinformação aberta, voltada ao planejamento da atualização cadastral de uma cidade pequena, visando contribuir com o processo de avaliação e tributação de terra em ambiente urbano. Para tanto, selecionou-se Monte Carmelo, uma cidade pequena localizada no Estado de Minas Gerais, como estudo de caso. A intenção foi desenvolver uma ferramenta capaz de realizar o cáculo do Imposto sobre Propriedade Predial e Territorial Urbano (IPTU) utilizando 1) dados desatualizados da Prefeitura Municipal e 2) dados do OpenStreetMap. Os resultados mostraram que é possível utilizar dados abertos para se estimar os valores de impostos sobre as propriedades urbanas, quando não há geoinformação oficial disponível. Essa abordagem mostrou que é viável a criação de uma ferramenta no ambiente QGIS, de código aberto e reprodutível, capaz de apoiar gestores urbanos no processo de tomada de decisão no contexto de uma cidade pequena.
POLÍTICA HABITACIONAL E A CIDADE: O PROGRAMA MINHA CASA MINHA VIDA NA PRODUÇÃO DO ESPAÇO URBANO DA CIDADE DE ALTOS-PI
Authors: Ribeiro José Lucas Costa , Façanha Antonio Cardoso
Published: June 2023

O Programa Minha Casa Minha Vida (PMCMV) atuou na produção do espaço urbano de diferentes cidades do País. O presente artigo objetiva analisar a contribuição do PMCMV Faixa 1 – linha de financiamento que contempla a população de menor renda – na produção recente do espaço urbano de Altos-PI. Nas pesquisas sobre a produção do urbano brasileiro privilegiam-se os maiores centros urbanos, diante desse fato o objetivo desse estudo é vislumbrar a realidade de uma cidade pequena, tanto em virtude do aspecto populacional, quanto de seu papel no tocante à dimensão regional, tendo em vista a implantação de uma política pública nacional. As discussões fizeram-se por meio de revisão bibliográfica, pesquisa documental, levantamentos de dados em secretarias municipais de Altos e pesquisa de campo. O PMCMV em Altos fez-se presente na Faixa 1 por meio dos conjuntos habitacionais São Luiz e Prefeito Cézar Leal, cujos empreendimentos tiveram sua execução em sintonia com o que dispõe a literatura sobre o PMCMV, evidenciando que os agentes privados tendem a ter maior atuação, mediante a articulação de interesses de promotores imobiliários e proprietários fundiários na ampliação da cidade enquanto mercadoria. Em que pese a população dos conjuntos pesquisados conseguir habitação, carece de equipamentos e serviços públicos básicos.
O SOLO COMO ELEMENTO INTEGRADOR DA PAISAGEM NA GEOGRAFIA ESCOLAR: COMPREENSÕES ANALÍTICAS A PARTIR DE UM LIVRO DIDÁTICO DO 6o ANO
Authors: Santos Anderson Felipe Leite dos , Nunes João Osvaldo Rodrigues , Fushimi Melina , Perusi Maria Cristina
Published: June 2023

Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar como se apresentam as abordagens realizadas entre paisagem e solo em um livro didático de Geografia de 6o ano, em prol da observação de como são consideradas as relações que os solos mantêm com os demais elementos presentes nas paisagens. Para tanto, considerou-se um livro aprovado no Programa Nacional do Livro Didático (PNLD) intitulado “Geração Alpha Geografia” (2018) da editora SM. Metodologicamente, optou-se por uma pesquisa descritiva e de caráter exploratório. A coleta de dados foi efetivada a partir da leitura do livro didático, no qual foram selecionados os dois capítulos que continham, respectivamente, o conteúdo referente ao assunto paisagem e os solos como tema central. Os resultados mostram que os capítulos analisados não relacionam o solo com a paisagem e vice-versa, mesmo que em toda formação de uma paisagem o elemento natural solo esteja presente interagindo com o clima, relevo, tempo, entre outros elementos essenciais na sua composição.
MAPAS E MEMES: SERÁ QUE “DÁ MATCH” NAS REDES SOCIAIS?
Authors: Petsch Carina , Batista Natália Lampert , Ben Franciele Delevati , Savian Carla Pizzuti , Arrial Gustavo Soares , Altermann Francisco Augusto , Brands Amanda Rech
Published: June 2023

Estudos envolvendo a linguagem cartográfica e a viralização de conteúdo nas mídias sociais – Cartografia Viral – são recentes e apresentam muitos questionamentos, sendo um deles os mapas-meme. Nesse sentido, criou-se uma página no Instagram e no Twitter chamada @cartografiaviral para investigar essa temática. Os objetivos dessa pesquisa foram: (i) apresentar cinco assuntos que viralizaram entre 2020 e 2022 com memes que usam mapas ou conhecimentos cartográficos; e (ii) debater sobre dados de um concurso de mapas-meme produzido pela @cartografiaviral. A pesquisa é de cunho qualitativo e utilizou dados de buscas e estatísticas das redes mencionadas. Avaliando os memes, observa-se que conceitos cartográficos são necessários para a sua criação e interpretação, como escala/proporção, lateralidade, localização, tipos de visão, distância e conceitos da Cartografia Temática. Salienta-se que manipulações propositais ou equívocos nos memes dificultam a comunicação cartográfica e são passíveis de gerar fake news. Quanto ao concurso de memes, destaca-se a possibilidade de, com ele, atingir públicos diversos, pois um terço das contas alcançadas no Instagram não eram de seguidores da @cartografiaviral. Concordamos que o mapa-meme não possui rigor científico, porém defendemos que as possibilidades dessa linguagem em relação à Cartografia e ào Ensino de Geografia são vastas no âmbito acadêmico.
DESAFIOS E POSSIBILIDADES PARA O ENSINO DA GEOGRAFIA NO CONTEXTO DE AULAS REMOTAS: PERSPECTIVA DOS DOCENTES EM ESCOLAS PÚBLICAS DE RORAIMA
Authors: Medeiros Walliane da Costa Silva , Mussato Osvair Brandão
Published: June 2023

Esta pesquisa tem por objetivo analisar os desafios e as possibilidades para o ensino da geografia, gerados a partir do contexto de aulas remotas, enfocando a perspectiva de docentes que atuam em escolas públicas do ensino regular roraimense. Para tanto, como procedimentos metodológicos adotados, foram utilizadas uma abordagem de ordem quali-quantitativa, caráter exploratório, levantamento de fontes bibliográficas, emprego de questionário como instrumento de coleta de dados e análise de informações junto a docentes da área de geografia atuantes na educação básica de Roraima do ensino fundamental (6º a 9º ano) e ensino médio. Os dados apontados na pesquisa revelam os principais desafios enfrentados pelos docentes: a dificuldade para alcance da comunidade escolar, desmotivação dos alunos, pouca capacitação para professores nas aulas remotas e a pouca interação professor-aluno. Quanto as possibilidades, a pesquisa aponta a forma como estes professores enxergaram novos caminhos para as aulas remotas por meio do uso de ferramentas tecnológicas e meios interativos.
PROCESSOS HIDROGEOMORFOLÓGICOS EM ÁREAS DE EXPANSÃO URBANA: UM ESTUDO ACERCA DE LOTEAMENTOS IMPLANTADOS A PARTIR DE 2004 NA CIDADE DE CHAPECÓ/SC
Authors: Segnor Cássia Regina , Binda Andrey Luis
Published: June 2023

A especialização das áreas do conhecimento e os estudos voltados para o urbano tem recebido atenção nas últimas décadas, principalmente, pela relevância das áreas urbanas como local de moradia da maior parte da população mundial. A influência da urbanização no ciclo hidrológico e as interações com o relevo demonstram a necessidade de se conhecer como a ocupação urbana afeta os processos hidrogeomorfológicos. Segundo a literatura clássica, o desenvolvimento urbano pode ser dividido em três estágios distintos, cada qual, com respostas hidrogeomorfológicas igualmente distintas. Para verificar essa questão em Chapecó, no oeste catarinense, selecionou-se 12 loteamentos, observados em quatro temporalidades (2006, 2012, 2018 e 2021), com o objetivo de identificar os processos hidrogeomorfológicos atuantes nos diferentes estágios de ocupação apresentados por Wolman (1967).  A partir da análise de imagens de satélite e de visitas em campo, constatou-se que os três estágios descritos na literatura nem sempre acontecem em sequência, pois o tecido urbano é construído a partir da anexação de novas áreas que se conectam a outras com diferentes graus de desenvolvimento. Outro aspecto relevante é que um mesmo local pode manifestar diferentes contextos simultaneamente, já que a consolidação do loteamento, ainda que rápida, em alguns casos, não é homogênea.
El espacio doméstico en arquitectura y cine
Authors: Bausero Cristina
Published: June 2023

El espacio cinematográfico es resultado de la imbricación entre el espacio arquitectónico y la narrativa y se modifica de acuerdo con la conflictividad del personaje. En Repulsión (Polanski, 1965) esta modificación está representada por la distorsión de la perspectiva espacial. Polanski, en sus filmes, ubica las amenazas del individuo en su propia casa cuestionando las composiciones familiares de la sociedad contemporánea. Repulsión es un filme psicológico que expresa el conflicto de Carol (Catherine Deneuve), quien sufre una repulsión hacia los hombres. Es el retrato escalofriante de una joven cuyas neurosis sexuales provocan su aislamiento de la vida social y su encierro en su apartamento. Polanski construye un mundo de pesadillas y de alucinaciones cuando Carol queda sola en su casa de Londres. La modulación del espacio expresa la conflictividad de la protagonista y es central para reflejar el tormento psíquico que la afecta. La estructura narrativa se articula con el montaje alternado de dos momentos diferentes que son representados a través de las modificaciones del espacio: uno «imaginado» por la protagonista, con distorsiones producto de su alteración mental, y otro «real» en el cual las modificaciones son reflejo del proceso de su conflictividad.
Representación de la temporalidad en plantas de proyectos de viviendas flexibles
Authors: Folga Bekavac Alejandro Román
Published: June 2023

En este artículo se presenta una investigación que reflexiona sobre algunos recursos que permiten incluir la dimensión tiempo en una representación gráfica bidimensional. Con este objetivo se desarrolla el análisis de una serie de dibujos de plantas de vivienda, entre las que se contemplan proyectos y obras construidas a lo largo del siglo XX y principios del XXI. A partir de las plantas seleccionadas se analizan dos modalidades diferentes de flexibilidad: propuestas que comprenden transformaciones cíclicas y propuestas que incluyen transformaciones evolutivas. El análisis de los dibujos tiene como finalidad estudiar las relaciones entre las ideas proyectuales que sustentan las propuestas y los recursos gráficos utilizados por los proyectistas para comunicarlas. En ese sentido, los dibujos analizados pueden ser entendidos como un discurso gráfico sobre el proyecto arquitectónico. Como conclusión del estudio se desarrolló una clasificación de las distintas estrategias gráficas empleadas en los ejemplos analizados. Dicha clasificación se presenta en un cuadro en el que, mediante diagramas, se sintetizan los recursos aplicados en el dibujo y la organización gráfica de las plantas.
El necesario desarrollo del ius variandi de la persona que trabaja en el contrato relacional de trabajo
Authors: Signorini Javier Eduardo
Published: June 2023

El presente trabajo analiza la viabilidad de repensar el ius variandi a partir de aplicar al Derecho Laboral la Teoría Relacional del Contrato. Desde esta Teoría, entendemos que el mismo podría ser también a propuesta de la persona que trabaja para que su contrato de larga duración se adapte a la realidad que lo va afectando. Así, además de evitar rupturas predecibles, sería más justo para la parte que dice proteger.