bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Structural Blade Loads of a Mach-Scaled Rotor During Dynamic Stall in Hover
Authors:   Technical University Munich, Heuschneider Verena , Yavrucuk Ilkay , Hajek Manfred
Published: September 2024

This paper focuses on an experimental investigation of rotor loads during dynamic stall on a rotating pitching blade. In particular, the effect of rotor control parameters - rotor speed, collective pitch, and cyclic pitch - on the structural load dynamics of a rotor blade are analyzed in hover. The rotor platform used is the Mach-scaled, two-bladed Munich Experimental Rotor Investigation Testbed (MERIT) rotor at the Technical University of Munich (TUM). The dynamic stall cases selected vary in collective and cyclic pitch angles: 14°±6°, 14°±10°, and 20°±6°. Static and dynamic stall data are measured at three different rotor speeds: 900, 1200, and 1500 RPM with the highest corresponding tip Mach and Reynolds numbers of Matip = 0.41 and Retip = 1.2•106. Increasing pitch and rotor speed shows a considerable positive trend in the load overshoot, and hysteresis of the blade root moments of most cases. Cycle-to-cycle variations with bifurcation occur in some load graphs of light dynamic stall cases and are not restricted to reattachment regions.
Overview of Engineering Processes in the Exploratory Development of Main Rotor Blade Technology for Multipurpose Utility Helicopters
Authors:   National Research Council Canada, Alexander Marc ,   Department of National Defence Canada, Matteï Jérémie , Renaud Guillaume , Chen Yong
Published: September 2024

As military organizations internationally assess life extension and replacement actions for current legacy helicopter fleets and next generation rotorcraft are under development, novel rotor system technologies are required to fulfill challenging low-speed and high-speed flight envelopes and mission requirements. Proposed by the Department of National Defense (DND) and in collaboration with the National Research Council of Canada (NRC), a TTCP AER CP13A.1 Collaborative Project (CP) has been initiated supporting multi-nation development of numerical methods for optimizing and designing next generation main rotor blades. Four NRC laboratories collaborated to assemble a data set comprising design, performance, aerodynamics, structures, dynamics, and flight sciences elements. Acquired through research and testing, this information provides reference, technical, and engineering knowledge to support aero-structural model definition, model output validation, and the numerical optimization process development.
Anonymous
Authors: Sgreccia Elio
Published: September 2024

Not available.
The biblical teaching on the gift of life
Authors: Ghidelli Carlo
Published: September 2024

Just as this document ‘does not intend to present the Church's entire teaching on the dignity of unborn life and procreation’ (cf. Foreword), so the present biblical-theological reflection does not intend to present a complete and exhaustive treatment of the biblical foundations and the theological implications of the subject matter discussed here and the solutions formulated.
Prevalence, causes and factors associated with vision impairment in Limpopo province
Authors: Leshabane Modjadji M. , Rampersad Nishanee , Mashige Khathutshelo P.
Published: September 2024

Background: Epidemiological data on the prevalence, causes and risk factors associated with vision impairment (VI) is necessary to evaluate the effectiveness of eye care services.Aim: To determine the prevalence, causes and factors associated with VI among patients presenting to public hospitals of Limpopo province, South Africa.Setting: This study was conducted in public hospitals.Methods: A retrospective chart review of patients seen from April 2019 to March 2022 in 29 public hospitals was conducted. The following information was extracted: demographic information, medical history, visual acuity (VA), refractive and ophthalmoscopy findings.Results: Of the 1140 participants, 56.1% were women. Participants’ ages ranged from 5 to 94 years. The prevalence of VI was 61.5%. Most had moderate-severe VI (57.3%), followed by blindness (22.7%) and mild VI (20.0%). The leading causes of VI were uncorrected refractive error (URE) (28.1%), cataract (26.0%) and glaucoma (25.0%). The main causes of blindness were glaucoma (42.8%) and cataract (32.1%); while URE (7.5%), retinal anomalies (7.5%) and corneal anomalies (6.9%) accounted for almost equal proportions of blindness. Participants aged 50–64 years (odds ratio [OR]: 1.7; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.2–2.6); 65 years and older (OR: 6.6; 95% CI: 4.3–10.2); and those diagnosed with systemic hypertension (OR: 2.5; 95% CI: 1.9–3.2) and diabetes mellitus (OR: 2.9; 95% CI: 1.9–4.4) had increased risk of VI.Conclusion: The prevalence of VI in this population is relatively high. The main causes of VI are correctable, suggesting the need for improved measures to prevent avoidable VI.Contribution: The study addresses the gap in the province’s current prevalence, causes and factors related to VI.
Diagnosis and Management of Acute Scaphoid Fractures: A Narrative Review of Current Literature
Authors: Parameswaran Apurve , Ramanujapuram Suneel , Eachempati Krishna Kiran , Apsingi Sunil , Ponnala Vinay Kishore Ratnakar
Published: September 2024

Introduction:

The scaphoid is the most common carpal bone to fracture in adults as well as children. The symptoms of acute scaphoid fractures, however, could be subtle and might be disregarded by patients initially. Conventional radiographs have limited reliability in ruling out these fractures, with 15%–25% of nondisplaced fractures remaining undetected. The resultant delay in diagnosis, along with the inherent tenuous vascularity and high mobility of the scaphoid, results in the high probability of complications such as nonunion, malunion, avascular necrosis, pseudoarthrosis, or scaphoid nonunion advanced collapse. The purpose of this review was to systematically present contemporary evidence on the diagnosis and management of acute scaphoid fractures.

Methods:

A literature search was conducted by the authors using the PubMed database and the following search terms: “[scaphoid (title/abstract)] AND [{fracture (title/abstract)} OR {fractures (title/abstract)}] AND [{management (title/abstract)} OR {treatment (title/abstract)} OR {diagnosis (title/abstract)} OR {evaluation (title/abstract)} OR {fixation (title/abstract)}].” Filters were applied to include human studies published between 2014 and 2023 in the English language.

Results:

Relevant research was identified and perused. Evidence was extracted from original research and systematic reviews.

Conclusion:

Data were charted manually, and the aggregated body of information was categorized, summarized, and presented systematically.
Birational involutions of the real projective plane
Authors: Cheltsov Ivan , Mangolte Frédéric , Yasinsky Egor , Zimmermann Susanna
Published: September 2024

We classify birational involutions of the real projective plane up to conjugation. In contrast with an analogous classification over the complex numbers (due to E. Bertini, G. Castelnuovo, F. Enriques, L. Bayle and A. Beauville), which includes four different classes of involutions, we discover

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different classes over the reals, and provide many examples when the fixed curve of an involution does not determine its conjugacy class in the real plane Cremona group.
Modelling of Energy Scavenging from Rolling Tyres Using Contact-Separation Mode Triboelectric Nano Generators for Self Powered Electric Vehicles
Authors: P Geetha , Satyam Satyam , Jothiprashanth R
Published: September 2024

Due to its affordability and environmental friendliness, triboelectric nanogenerators, or TENGs, are a promising and alluring energy harvesting technology. Here, time-dependent finite-element numerical simulations were used to study the performance of dielectric-dielectric TENGs operating in the contact-separation mode. The open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current, and ideal resistance were measured in order to assess the TENG's performance. The findings are consistent with the physical models that are now available for the short-circuit current, which show that the current increases (decreases) with the area of the TENG (the thickness of the material). The open circuit voltage differed from published models according to the area and thickness of the material; the causes for this discrepancy are provided. Because high load resistance values affect charge flow in the TENG cycle (transient state) and performance, a deeper understanding of their effects is also offered. Here, the friction energy from the rolling tyres being scavenged is modelled in FEM, and the maximum energy that the Triboelectric Nanogenerator can generate is computed. This efficient on-wheel demonstration of a triboelectric nanogenerator and its theoretical simulations suggest a potential technique to recover the vehicle's wasted energy and use it to enhance the battery life and range of electric vehicles. This work indicates that finite-element simulations are a feasible technique to provide a deeper knowledge and new approaches to optimise contact-separation TENGs.
Liquid Cooled Battery Coupled (1D + 3D) Simulation Methodology for Thermal performance and Range Prediction of Electric Vehicle
Authors: Kumar Vivek , SHENDRE Mohit
Published: September 2024

Nowadays, Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs) and Electric Vehicles (EVs) are becoming popular globally due to increasing pollution levels in the environment and expensive conventional non-renewable fuels. Li-ion battery EV’s have gained attention because of their higher specific energy density, better power density and thermal stability as compared to other cell chemistries. Performance of the Li-ion battery is affected by temperatures of the cells. For Li-ion cells, optimum operating temperature range should be between 15-35 °C [1]. Initially, small battery packs which are cooled by air were used but nowadays, large battery packs with high power output capacities being used in EV’s for higher vehicle performance. Air based cooling system is not sufficient for such batteries, hence, liquid coolant based cooling systems are being introduced in EV’s. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation can be used to get better insight of cell temperature inside battery. But it is complex, time consuming process involving multi-physics and exhaustive computations. Also, EV range is estimated by physical tests on a vehicle for predefined drive cycle loads where battery temperature affects the cell SoC drop rate and consequently the range of a vehicle. This test needs to be repeated for any variation in the input parameters which is again time consuming and resource demanding process. This paper describes the methodology which utilizes 1D and 3D simulation software which interconnects the electrical circuit, vehicle propulsion and CFD thermal simulation results to create coupled model of the battery system which enables us to obtain battery temperature distribution and its effect on vehicle range with minimal computational efforts eliminating the repeated full model thermal CFD calculations and physical tests for new drive cycle loads. This methodology can be utilized to expedite the battery development and performance improvement process to shorten product development to launch time.
Effect of Undercover Design on Vehicle Performance: An Investigation
Authors: Padakandla Kishore Kumar , Nagendra K. Yalla , Bisoyi Ram Prasad
Published: September 2024

This research study investigates the influence of undercover design on three critical aspects of vehicle performance: water entering into air intake filter, Aerodynamic performance, thermal performance on vehicle engine room components (Condenser, Radiator and Air Intake System). Undercover serves the purpose of protecting Engine, underhood components and also improves aerodynamics of the vehicle. Through CFD simulations, various undercover design configurations: Full Undercover, no undercover and half undercover cases are evaluated to assess their effectiveness in mitigating the water ingress into the air intake system. Additionally, we explore the implications of these design alterations on the thermal performance and aerodynamic drag. By systematically exploring these interactions, results provided valuable insights on the effect of three undercover configurations related to vehicle performance which can help automotive engineers to develop the undercovers that strike a balance between vehicle performance and safety.
EV Range Management by Optimal Control of HVAC using Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Changavar Ganesh
Published: September 2024

Electric Vehicles and Battery-Fuel_Cell hybrid vehicles are increasingly becoming popular in the market, especially in the commercial vehicle segment. Range estimation and control is of paramount importance as it is the main cause of anxiety among the vehicle owners. This paper discusses application of Reinforcement Learning (RL) to achieve range control. In RL, the learning agent choses actions dependent on the state of the environment and gets a reward in return. Ultimately the agent will learn the policy of choosing the actions for each state such that his long-term reward is maximized. The technique of RL has been applied for various scenarios where in a look up table (between the states of a system and actions to be taken) needs to be developed for optimal performance. In this paper, we use RL to manipulate other energy sources and sinks like Fuel Cell and HVAC (in addition to the battery which is the main energy source) for range control, and thereby achieve the optimal performance as by the system experts.
Electro-Thermal Analysis of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor for Electric Vehicles
Authors: Shandilya Anand , Kumar Vivek
Published: September 2024

Permanent magnet synchronous (PMS) motors are frequently used in electric vehicles because of their high power density, stable output torque and low noise. During the operation of an electric motor, some of the electrical energy is converted into heat. The rise in motor temperature hampers motor performance (power output, demagnetization, breakdown of winding insulation, efficiency and component lifespan). The losses occurring in electric motors during operation mainly include: stator loss, winding copper loss, rotor iron loss, eddy current loss in magnets and mechanical losses. The life and operating reliability of a motor depends on the thermal performance of the motor. This paper describes a detailed procedure for an indirect coupled analysis between Ansys Maxwell and Ansys Fluent, in order to predict critical thermal characteristics of the motor and cooling jacket. The main objective of this paper is to model the PMS motor with a cooling system based on input electrical and geometrical parameters. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation was performed by applying thermal boundary conditions obtained from the Electro-Magnetic simulation. A thermal map of the PMS motor was created along with identification of key hotspots inside the motor.
Numerical Investigation: Thermal Management of Lithium-Ion Batteries in Electric Vehicles Operating at High Discharge Rates
Authors: Yogeshwar Dasari , Repaka Ramjee
Published: September 2024

The present study develops and analyses a novel thermal management system that utilizes a serpentine cooling plate with fluid flow channels to regulate the temperature of cylindrical lithium-ion batteries in an electric vehicle battery module. The research investigates the impact of many variables affecting the cooling efficiency during discharge processes, including C-rate, number of cooling channels in the cooling plate, inlet fluid velocity and aluminium nanoparticle concentration in the fluid. The study includes 49 lithium-ion batteries with a capacity of 4.9 Ah each using NMC chemistry and a form factor of 21700 connected in series and parallel. A coolant made of water-glycol combination in 70:30 ratio is considered to disperse the thermal energy generated in the batteries. With the increase in the number of cooling channels, the maximum temperature of the batteries is reduced significantly. Increasing the cooling fluid's velocity reduces the batteries' maximum temperature remarkably. The batteries located at the centre of the battery module exhibit greater temperatures than batteries at the other locations, creating a temperature non-uniformity in the battery module. The temperature non-uniformity and the maximum temperature of the batteries were further reduced by adding the aluminium nanoparticles to the water-glycol mixture. The findings demonstrate that for a 1C battery discharge rate, a 4-channel cooling plate with 1% nanoparticle volume fraction and 0.025 m/s fluid velocity maintains the maximum temperature of the batteries below 304.54 K and the temperature difference below 4.6 K. For a 2C battery discharge rate, the maximum temperature and the temperature difference are attained below 306 K and 5 K by using a 6-cooling channel cooling plate with 1% nanoparticles and 0.075 m/s fluid velocity.
Accurate Urea Consumption Prediction in SCR System Using CFD Simulation
Authors: Chaudhary Alok Subhash , Ghodake Preetam , Biswas Kundan
Published: September 2024

The selective catalytic reduction (SCR) is a technique, which is using in diesel engine to reduce harmful nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions. SCR technique involves the injection of urea-water-solution (Water-urea solution) into the hot exhaust stream. The water first evaporates and then urea undergoes thermal decomposition. The thermal decomposition of urea produces ammonia, which reacts with the nitrogen oxides inside a SCR catalyst layers and nitrogen and water vapor are the final product. The production of ammonia from urea strongly influenced by the droplet size, residence time of the droplets inside decomposition chamber and exhaust gas temperature.

During the combustion process of Diesel engines, Nitrogen oxide (NOx) is produced as a pollutant which is harmful for environment. Acceptance level of (NOx) is made more stringent in BS-VI and subsequent standards to regulate (NOx) levels. In SCR system NH3 reacts with (NOx) and converts N2 and H2O. Ammonia (NH3) concentration and uniformity of flow pattern at SCR catalyst inlet is important, to achieve higher (NOx) conversion rate (to minimize NOx emissions).

CFD simulation plays a vital role in design and development of exhaust after-treatment systems. In early development stages evaluating complex designs through physical validation is not feasible in terms of cost and time. In the automotive industry CFD simulations are extensively used to verify performance through iterative process to achieve an optimized design. The exhaust flow interaction with the Water-urea solution spray and evaporation of urea are key factors in the design for a given length of the exhaust system. The thermal response and evaporation time of the droplet is solely depending on the droplet size. The work presented in this paper is focused on developing a CFD methodology to simulate SCR system using commercial CFD software Ansys FLUENT. Current study conducted on a SCR system of a small diesel engine consisting of a decomposition chamber with a static mixer along with SCR catalysts. The numerical analysis deals with the gas phase reactions happening in the SCR system. In this work, transient CFD simulation is conducted to capture the phenomenon of wall film formation and spray break up in detail. The continuous phase (exhaust gases) and discrete phase (Water-urea solution droplets) has been modelled with RNG k-є model and Lagrangian frame respectively. The continuous phase influences discrete phase via drag and turbulence. This single direction influence between continuous and discrete phase is called one way-coupling, which has been considered in present work. Two assessment methods is considered; one is urea to ammonia conversion and other is area weighted uniformity index across SCR catalyst inlet to evaluate mixing efficiency.
An Investigation of Electric Vehicle Battery Safety Standards with Indian Perspective
Authors: Vashist Devendra , Pandey Bhaskar
Published: September 2024

Electric Vehicle battery failure may lead to the release of toxic gas with fire and in some cases lead to explosion. To take care of these safety issues well defined standards and their regular upgradation is done based on recommendation of Automotive Industry Standards Committee (AISC) through Automotive Research Association of India (ARAI). Electric vehicles that are compliance with these standards are also facing safety issues. The aim of the research is to further strengthen the standards so that a vehicle complying standards boosts the sentiments of the customers. In the present work four Electric Vehicle safety standards set by Automotive Industry Standards (AIS) were critically reviewed. These standards are AIS-197 that covers Bharat New Car Assessment Program (NCAP), AIS-038 which is related to EV safety and construction, AIS 48 which provides standardization on safety requirements of traction batteries & AIS 156 that takes care of requirements of a vehicle electrical safety and safety of rechargeable electrical energy storage system (REESS). The world standards that were consulted while preparing these standards were also reviewed. Each examined standard is compared for finding the weak feature for further upgradation. A comparison of these standards with world standards are made. Shortcoming identified and future areas which requires attention are suggested.
Characterization of HVAC Noise and its Dynamic Interplay within the Vehicle's Environment
Authors: Titave Uttam Vasant , Kalsule Shrikant , Naidu Sudhakara
Published: September 2024

Vehicle HVAC noise performance is an important vehicle design validation criterion since it significantly links the brand image of a vehicle. It affects the customer’s buying decision and the business of selling vehicles because it directly affects driving comfort. Customers expect continuous improvement in HVAC noise without compromising cooling performance.

The process of cascading vehicle-level acoustic performance to subsystem and component levels becomes an important factor in the vehicle NVH development process. It was found that the component-level [HVAC unit without duct] performance of an HVAC system measured in an anechoic chamber was at par when compared to targets, whereas the subsystem-level performance [HVAC unit with duct and dashboard] was on the higher side of the targets. Advanced NVH tools were used to identify the source of noise at the subsystem level. It helped to locate the source and its transfer path. A design modification done at the transfer path location gives a good improvement in HVAC noise at the subsystem level. However, when the same HVAC system was tested at the vehicle level, it showed an increase in noise as compared to the subsystem level. A detailed study was conducted to understand the acoustic behaviour of the vehicle environment. HVAC systems tested in an anechoic chamber and in a car are in a free-field and diffuse-field environment, respectively. In free-field sound propagation, there are no reflections, whereas in diffuse-field sound, it is reflected in many times that it travels in all directions with equal magnitude.

Additionally, this paper encompasses a methodology aimed at attaining a less diffused field and fostering a more open environment within the vehicle, ensuring that HVAC performance measured at the subsystem level aligns with integration within the car.
Microbiome as an endocrine organ and its relationship with eye diseases: Effective factors and new targeted approaches
Authors: Haghshenas Leila , Banihashemi Sara , Malekzadegan Yalda , Catanzaro Roberto , Moghadam Ahmadi Amir , Marotta Francesco
Published: September 2024

Microbiome is an endocrine organ that refers to both the complicated biological system of microbial species that colonize our bodies and their genomes and surroundings. Recent studies confirm the connection between the microbiome and eye diseases, which are involved in the pathogenesis of eye diseases, including age-related macular disorders, diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, retinitis pigmentosa, dry eye, and uveitis. The aim of this review is to investigate the microbiome in relation to eye health. First, a brief introduction of the characteristics of the gut microorganisms terms of composition and work, the role of dysbiosis, the gut microbiome and the eye microbiome in the progression of eye illnesses are highlighted, then the relationship among the microbiome and the function of the immune system and eye diseases, the role of inflammation and aging and the immune system, It has been reviewed and finally, the control and treatment goals of microbiome and eye diseases, the role of food factors and supplements, biotherapy and antibiotics in relation to microbiome and eye health have been reviewed.
HUBUNGAN DUKUNGAN KELUARGA DAN PENGETAHUAN DENGAN KEPATUHAN DIET PADA PASIEN HIPERTENSI YANG DIRAWAT JALAN DI PUSKESMAS LANGSA TIMUR
Authors: Anita Sahputri Anita , Hernalinda Hernalinda , Hermaliaputri Hermaliaputri
Published: September 2024

Pendahuluan :Hipertensi adalah kondisi yang kompleks dimanatekanan darahsecaramenetap berada di atas normal. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat hubungan dukungan keluarga dan pengetahuan dengan kepatuhan diet pada pasien hipertensi yang di rawat jalan di Puskesmas Langsa Timur. Metode : metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini bersifat Deskriptif analitik dengan menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional.Sampel sebanyak 73 orang, terbagi. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara random sampling.Hasil : Penelitian ini menunjukkan berdasarkan hasil dari dukungan keluarga pasien sebanyak 48 pasien(65,8)% yang didukung, Berdasarkan hasil pengetahuan pasien sebanyak 47 pasien (65,8%) yang pengetahuannya tinggi dan berdasarkan hasil kepatuhan pasien sebanyak 40 pasien (54,8%) patuh.Ada hubungan antara dukungan keluarga dengan kepatuhan diet pasien hipertensi yang dirawat jalan di Puskesmas Langsa Timur.
Not Everyone Will Be Taken into the Future? The Role of Forecasting in International Relations Theory
Authors: Istomin I. А.
Published: September 2024

The 2010s witnessed intensified debates in international academia on the relationship between theory and forecast, but Russian scholarship remained detached from these discussions. This article intends to examine the contribution of theory to forecasting in IR, identifying prospects for combining the prescriptive, explanatory, interpretive and predictive functions of science. It reveals the origins of both theoretical skepticism about prediction and the countercriticism of futile theorizing. The article reveals the limitations of both the hypothetico-deductive model of scholarship, which dominates  the discipline, and the statistical inductivism that opposes it. The analysis begins by identifying the diﬀerent classes of theories in international relations studies. It demonstrates that the basic assumptions of normative, deconstructive, and interpretive theorizing are poorly compatible with prediction. The article further scrutinizes the ambivalent attitude of explanatory theories towards the matter, claiming the fundamental unpredictability of social interactions. It explores the growth in expectations since the late 2000s that the accumulation of big data and the advancement of methods for processing them will provide predictions without relying on explanatory inferences. Nevertheless, the value of scholarship for foreign policy practice requires a combination of theoretical explanations and predictive studies. This article suggests that for theory to play a major role in forecasting, forecasts must play a major role in theorizing. In this sense, reluctance to test their logical inferences with predictions exemplified by scholars poses a barrier to the development of IR studies.
At the Cost of Momentum: The Case for Truth-Grounded Activism
Authors: Anderson Daniel John , Gardner Susan T.
Published: September 2024

In the face of injustice, there is often a strong desire to mobilize others to immediate action. However, building public support is difficult when the issue is complicated. This leaves many activists tempted to present matters in simple, undifferentiated terms, as nuance can dampen momentum. However, oversimplification tends to be at odds with truth and it is this tension, between truth and activism, that is the focus of this paper. We begin by exploring the kind of communication that best mobilizes masses of people and note the inverse relationship between motivational as opposed to truthful communication. We then note that, though propaganda is more efficient in creating momentum, it nonetheless carries inherent dangers in that it may (i) over focus on symptoms rather than the disease; (ii) fuel authoritarian personality-types; and (iii) undermine the lifeblood of democracy. We conclude by suggesting that Philosophy for Children is a welcome educational response to this problem because it focuses on relevant contemporary issues, while fostering thinking skills that has the potential to lead to long lasting change grounded in truth. Ultimately the message is that a society and its citizens will do better by embracing pedagogical interventions aimed at fostering “active thinkers” rather than “activists.”
Development of a modern digital format for registration and analysis of information about flow operations
Authors: Шерхов А.Х.
Published: September 2024

В данной работе представлена созданная на базе Microsoft Access про- граммная оболочка электронного информационного ресурса «База данных селевых явлений», которая охватывает вопросы организации учета данных о селепрояв- лениях по материалам комплексного и оперативного (космического, наземного маршрутного и др.) мониторинга селевых бассейнов, а также архивных данных по каждому из них. В работе описывается структура вносимой информации; обосновы- вается выбор параметров, подлежащих учету; представлены способы реализации поисковых запросов; вывода данных; их экспорта со сменой формата.

This work presents the software shell of the electronic information resource “Mudflow Phenomena Database” created on the basis of Microsoft Access, which covers the issues of organizing the recording of data on mudflow occurrences based on materials from complex and operational (space, ground-based route, etc.) monitoring of mudflow basins, as well as archival data for each of them. The work describes the structure of the information entered; the choice of parameters to be taken into account is justified; methods for implementing search queries are presented; data output; their export with a change of format.
Contribution of Tsotsko Ambalov to the publication of the “Ossetian-Russian-German Dictionary” by V.F. Miller
Authors: Гостиева Л.К.
Published: September 2024

Статья посвящена активному участию замечательного предста- вителя осетинской интеллигенции, просветителя Ц.Б. Амбалова в работе над Осетинско-русско-немецким словарем В.Ф. Миллера. Выделено два этапа этой работы: дореволюционный, при жизни В.Ф. Миллера, и в 1920-1930-е годы, с ре- дактором А.А. Фрейманом. Указано, что во время второго этапа работы над словарем Ц.Б. Амбалов был командирован на несколько лет в г. Ленинград в каче- стве помощника А.А. Фреймана. Отмечена высокая оценка, данная редактором вкладу Ц.Б. Амбалова в издание словаря, состоящему в его пополнении лексиче- ским и фразеологическим материалом, а также многолетней работе над коррек- турой трехтомного словаря.

The article is devoted to the active participation of the remarkable representative of the Ossetian intelligentsia, educator Ts.B. Ambalova in work on the Ossetian-Russian-German dictionary V.F. Miller. Two stages of this work have been identified: pre-revolutionary, during the life of V.F. Miller, and in the 1920-1930s, with editor A.A. Freiman. It is indicated that at the second stage of work on the dictionary Ts.B. Ambalov was sent to Leningrad for several years as an assistant to A.A. Freyman. The high assessment given by the editor to the contribution of Ts.B. Ambalov in the publication of the dictionary, which consisted of updating it with lexical and phraseological material, as well as many years of work on proofreading the three-volume dictionary.
LANGUAGE MEANS OF IMPLEMENTING THE INTENTION OF GREETING IN THE RUSSIAN LANGUAGE ON THE BACKGROUND OF THE PERSIAN LANGUAGE
Authors: КАВЬЯНИ С.
Published: September 2024

Являясь функционально-семантической категорией, вежливость располагает индивидуальным планом содержания, который складывается из семантических компонентов вежливого общения: уважения, дружелюбия, обходительности, равенства и паритетности. План выражения вежливости составляют разноуровневые языковые средства, благодаря которым выражается данная категория. Приветствие, являясь одним из средств выражения категории вежливости, в содержательно-смысловом плане речевого взаимодействия относится к фатической речи. В рамках фатических речевых актов первостепенная роль отводится прагматической ценности речи, ее самобытности и самостоятельности в установлении контакта между коммуникантами. Другим важным понятием в рамках настоящей статьи является понятие речевой интенции, благодаря которой говорящий способен выражать важный для него коммуникативно значимый смысл посредством речевых средств, соответствующих ситуации общения. В статье посредством языковых маркеров, выражающихся как правило на уровне семантики, лексики, синтаксиса, морфологии и лексикологии русского языка, изучаются языковые средства выражения интенции приветствия. Вместе с тем важно отметить, учитывая объем статьи, что в ней рассмотрены только самые частые формулы приветствия, распространенные в современном русском языке. В данном исследовании, помимо всего перечисленного, представлен краткий обзор средств выражения приветствия и в персидском языке.

As a functional-semantic category, politeness has an individual content plan, which consists of the semantic components of polite communication: respect, friendliness, courtesy, equality and parity. The plan for expressing politeness is made up of multi-level linguistic means through which this category is expressed. Greeting, as one of the means of expressing the category of politeness, in the content-semantic plan of speech interaction refers to phatic speech. Within the framework of phatic speech acts, the primary role is given to the pragmatic value of speech, it is originality and independence in establishing contact between communicants. Another important concept within the framework of this article is the concept of speech intention, thanks to which the speaker is able to express a communicatively significant meaning that is important to him through speech means appropriate to the communication situation. The article studies the linguistic means of expressing the intention of greeting through language markers, which are usually expressed at the level of semantics, vocabulary, syntax, morphology, and lexicology of the Russian language. At the same time, it is important to note, given the length of the article, it considers only the most common greeting formulas common in modern Russian. Along with this, an overview of the means of expressing greetings in the Persian language is presented in an extremely concise form.
Guilty as charged?: Testimonial injustice or epistemic trespassers?
Authors: Dunne Gerry
Published: September 2024

What is lost when the research-informed testimony of philosophers of education is side-lined and their work interpretatively silenced, dismissed, undervalued or excluded? And how do such exclusionary practices impact on the acquisition, transmission, production, and scrutinization of knowledge claims at the heart of teacher education? Irrespective of our response to these questions, paradigmatic cases of testimonial injustice such as this invite us to think carefully about what we, that is, philosophers of education, help foster and value, be it, sense-making, emancipation, flourishing, wisdom, Bildung, Verstehen, reflective practice, avoiding harms, decolonising curricula, ameliorating epistemic injustice, cultivating pedagogical tact, dialectical journeying, reason-attuned socio-critical communities of practices, listener-learner sensibilities, ethics of care, criticality, imagination, subjectively-spiralled meaning-making and so on. This paper responds to pre-service teachers' allegations of epistemic trespassing, identifying them as a form of identity prejudice that leads to testimonial injustice.
The Influence of Safety Leadership and Safety Climate on Safety Behavior is Mediated by Safety Motivation in Sugar Factory Employees
Authors: Fajrin Mochammad Iqbal Velayati
Published: September 2024

The sugar industry has complex production processes and involves various risks, including the high potential for employee accidents. To reduce this risk, the implementation of an effective work safety programme is required. This reserach aims to analyse the effect of safety leadership and safety climate on safety behaviour mediated by safety motivation in sugar factory employees. The method used is quantitative with data collection through questionnaires. The population of this study were all sugar factory employees in Indonesia, with a sample of 100 respondents selected using random sampling technique. Data analysis was carried out using Path Analysis in the SEM-PLS programme. The results showed that Safety Leadership and Safety Climate positively influence the Safety Behaviour of sugar factory employees. In addition, Safety Motivation mediates the influence of Safety Leadership and Safety Climate on Safety Behaviour, which indicates that Safety Motivation can strengthen the influence of these two factors on the safety behaviour of sugar factory employees. This reserach provides important implications for sugar factory management to pay more attention to aspects of motivation and safety climate to improve safety behaviour in the workplace.
Investment Analysis for Monetization of Marginal Oil Reserves: An Alpha Field Joint Operation Case Study
Authors: Ibrahim Zaki , Fathurohman Taufik
Published: September 2024

Challenges and opportunities are faced in the development of marginal oil reserves that are often uneconomical to exploit conventionally. The main objective of this study was to determine whether the project is a viable investment based on the given assumptions, as well as whether the potential returns can justify the risks associated with marginal oil reserves. The research method involved the use of key financial metrics such as Net Present Value, Internal Rate of Return, and Payback Period, using a discount rate of 10%, which is standard in the oil and gas industry. The results show that the project has a positive NPV of USD 124,462.38, an IRR of 13.13%, and a PBP of 4 years and 5 months. These results indicate that the project is financially viable, with returns exceeding the capital cost of the project. Further sensitivity analysis identified that oil prices and production levels are the most critical factors affecting the financial outcome of the project. Compared to the WACC of 10.25%, the IRR of 13.13% indicates that the project exceeds the minimum required rate of return, thus justifying the investment. The implications of this study highlight the importance of proper operational management and market risk mitigation to maintain profitability.
MANAGEMENT OF CAREER DEVELOPMENT OF ISLAMIC CHAPLAINS TNI IN SUPPORTING SOLDIERS' OPERATIONAL READINESS AT THE HEADQUARTERS OF THE INDONESIA NATIONAL ARMY
Authors: Muttaqin Muttaqin , Chusnan Masyitoh , Uksan Arifuddin
Published: September 2024

This research is driven by the Sendai Framework, which serves as a guide for mitigating global disaster risk. Within the ASEAN context, this framework is encapsulated in the form of a collective agreement among ten countries. AADMER serves as the foundation for ASEAN member states to establish and enhance coordination and collaboration in the field of disaster management. This research examines how the AHA Centre effectively communicates and disseminates the regional disaster management mechanisms to National Disaster Management Organisations in the Philippines and Malaysia through the One ASEAN One Response Roadshow programme, and how one country’s approaches are different from another by considering certain local contexts. This study explores the critical factors contributing to the success of these communication efforts and highlights the importance of intercultural communication in enhancing understanding and collaboration among stakeholders in each country. The findings reveal that effective communication strategies are vital for fostering mutual understanding and cooperation, thereby strengthening regional disaster management capacities. This research contributes to both academic and practical domains by offering insights into successful strategies for disseminating disaster management information in a multi-cultural and multi-sectoral regional context.
POLITENESS IN NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION: A COMMENTARY ON NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION IN A LINGUISTICS CLASSROOM CONTEXT IN A SELECTED KENYAN UNIVERSITY
Authors: Abaya Ruth , Ongarora David , Magonya Lilian
Published: September 2024

The aim of this article was to explain the effects of politeness as entailed in nonverbal language use in the instructional process. Non-verbal communication skills also known as silent language, include all behaviours performed in the presence of others or perceived either consciously or unconsciously. Nonverbal communication entails; facial expressions, body movements, posture, gestures, eye contact, touch, dressing, space, voice and paying attention to inconsistencies. All these are synchronized to reinforce verbal messages, clarify meaning and create a sense of the speaker’s presence and purpose. Thus, instructors in a classroom setting determine whether a message sent has been received majorly through immediate nonverbal feedback. This paper tries to substantiate the pivotal role enhanced by body language and the impression both the teacher and the student draw from using nonverbal language and the politeness issues that are accrued to such usage. The study adopted the qualitative method and used observation and the data collection procedures were observation and focus group discussions. The findings indicated that instructors/ lecturers use politeness through diverse nonverbal cues during their linguistics lessons in order to convey the relevant message to students. This enables the students to grasp the major concepts being learned and at times the use of nonverbal consciously or unconsciously posed a threat to both the negative and positive faces of lecturers and students.
 

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SECONDARY SCHOOL EFL STUDENTS’ DIFFICULTIES AND SOLUTIONS TO LEARNING ENGLISH PARAGRAPH WRITING
Authors: Dao Vo Thi Anh , Dan Thai Cong
Published: September 2024

This research investigates the difficulties faced by secondary school students in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, when learning English paragraph writing, and explores potential solutions to these challenges. The study involved 100 students from a secondary school, with insights gathered through questionnaires and interviews with 6 students and 4 EFL teachers. The aim was to understand the obstacles students encounter and the effectiveness of current teaching practices. Data were collected using questionnaires with a five-point Likert scale and analyzed through qualitative impressions rather than specific ratings for each criterion. The results indicated that students perceived their difficulties in learning paragraph writing as moderate. Common challenges included choosing appropriate writing styles for different contexts, insufficient practice in combining sentences, and limited feedback on sentence structures from teachers. Students also reported that the amount of writing practice provided in class was inadequate. To address these issues, the research suggests creating a collaborative learning environment, integrating vocabulary instruction with contextual topics, and focusing on sentence pattern practice. Students rated the strategy of collaborative learning highly, emphasizing the benefits of increased interaction between teachers and students. While students acknowledged their difficulties in paragraph writing, they also recognized potential solutions that involve more interactive and contextually relevant instruction. Teachers and curriculum developers should consider these findings to enhance writing instruction and better support EFL students in overcoming their writing challenges.
 

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EFFECT OF HOUSEHOLD INCOME ON THE AFFORDABILITY OF HOUSING IN NAKURU EAST AND NAKURU WEST SUB-COUNTIES, NAKURU COUNTY, KENYA
Authors: Korir Stella Cheraisi , Boiywo John
Published: September 2024

This study investigated the impact of household income on housing affordability for low-income households in Nakuru East and West Sub-Counties, Kenya. Using a mixed-methods approach with questionnaires for 384 systematically sampled households and interviews with purposively selected housing sector managers, the study found that low-income households had unstable and insufficient incomes, limiting their ability to afford housing. Correlation analysis revealed a moderate positive and significant relationship between household income and housing affordability (r=0.440, p<0.05). The study concluded that lower household incomes contribute to housing affordability challenges, especially with rising house prices. It recommended policies to increase incomes, provide targeted housing subsidies and financing, develop affordable housing stock, and combine housing assistance with financial literacy education.

JEL: R21, R31, I31, D31, O18

 

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INTERNAL CONTROLS AND FINANCIAL ACCOUNTABILITY OF NATIONAL GOVERNMENT CONSTITUENCIES DEVELOPMENT FUND IN KENYA
Authors: Lidovolo Patrick Malongo , Tibbs Charles , Omondi Atieno Margaret
Published: September 2024

The aim of the study was to examine the effect of internal controls on the financial accountability of the National Government Constituencies Development Fund in Kenya. The specific objectives were: to establish the effect of control activities, risk assessment, communication, monitoring and control environment on the financial accountability of NG-CDF in Kenya. The study was structured on: agency, fraud triangle and accountability theories. Positivism research philosophy guided the study. A correlation research design was adopted. The target population of the study was 1160 respondents, while the sample population was 288 respondents. Primary data was obtained by use of a questionnaire, while secondary data was obtained from the auditor’s general reports and financial statements of the NG-CDFs. A pilot test was carried out using 29 respondents. It was established that there exists a strong and positive association exists between internal controls and financial accountability for all the variables, as confirmed by; r = 0.718 for control activities, r = 0.707 for risk assessment, r = 0.759 for monitoring, r = 0.703 for communication and r = 0.686 for control environment and financial accountability. The R-square value was 0.762. The results of the ANOVA showed an F statistic of 15.513, and a p-value of 0.008. All the constructs of internal controls were established to have a significant effect on unsupported expenditure, which was confirmed by β = 2.157, p-value 0.005, β = 0.998, p-value 0.014, β = 1.282, p-value of 0.004. β = 0.371, p-value of 0. 047 and β = 1.13 6, p-value 0.009 for control activities, risk assessment, monitoring communication and control environment respectively. It was recommended that the NG-CDF management committee should strengthen the separation of duties and ensure that the stipulated guidelines for approval are followed at all times. Close scrutiny of all risk-prone activities should be analyzed. External auditors must give unbiased reports. NG-CDF committee members should be honest and have no conflict of interest.

 

JEL:  G30, M42, H83, D73

 

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