bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
What Influences Consumers to Recycle Solid Waste? An Application of the Extended Theory of Planned Behavior in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Soomro Yasir Ali , Hameed Irfan , Bhutto Muhammad Yaseen , Waris Idrees , Baeshen Yasser , Al Batati Bader
Published: January 2022

This extant study attempts to present a comprehensive predictive model for solid waste recycling behavior. Solid waste is a major environmental concern globally. Particularly, the kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), being the larger gulf country in the Middle East is a major contributor to solid waste. Consequently, this study was carried out to identify the motivational factors that consumers consider important for recycling their household waste. We extended the theory of planned behavior (TBP) and utilized actual behavioral variables such as resell, reuse, and donation. A structured questionnaire was carried out with 365 purposively selected respondents in the KSA. Among several other noteworthy findings consistent with previous studies, we found that reselling was the most significant factor of recycling behavior followed by donation. Further, the multi-group analysis (MGA) results reveal significant group differences in gender and age variables; the significance test indicates that the male group has much better pro-environmental behavior than the female group. In terms of age, our results showed that recycling intention and reselling behavior passed a significant test in the elderly group when compared to a younger group. This study has unique contributions and findings leading to practical implications for government authorities, businesses, and non-governmental organizations. The findings will particularly aid in increasing the recycling intention and behavior among household consumers. This research will guide in making laws and policies that can help to embrace the green challenges and boost recycling activities for a sustainable environment.
Climate Change and Sustainability in ASEAN Countries
Authors: Ding David K. , Beh Sarah E.
Published: January 2022

The ASEAN region is one of the most susceptible regions to climate change, with three of its countries—Myanmar, the Philippines, and Thailand—among those that have suffered the greatest fatalities and economic losses because of climate-related disasters. This paper reveals that the ASEAN’s environmental performance is sorely lagging other regions despite evidence of its cohesive and comprehensive efforts to mitigate emissions and build up adaptive capacity to climate-related disasters. Within the ASEAN, there exist gaps in environmental performance between each country. This suggests that increased cooperation between individual ASEAN countries is pertinent for the region to collectively combat climate change. In addition, we show that government effectiveness has a positive influence on a country’s climate performance, signifying that a government’s strong commitment to governance is necessary in the fight against climate change.
Industrial Structure Upgrading, Green Total Factor Productivity and Carbon Emissions
Authors: Yang Yize , Wei Xiujian , Wei Jie , Gao Xiang
Published: January 2022

Carbon emission reduction is becoming a global issue. Methods of reducing carbon emissions in developing countries have become a hot topic of discussion. Based on the obvious structural transformation in developing countries, this paper discusses the logical mechanisms among industrial structure upgrading, green total factor productivity improvements, and carbon emission reduction. In addition, this paper empirically tests these relationships with provincial data from 2000 to 2017 in China. The conclusions are as follows: (1) industrial structure upgrades have a significant impact on carbon emissions. The industrial structure rationalization remains a noteworthy inhibition on carbon emissions. The industrial structure’s advancement has obvious features of development at the current stage, and its effect on carbon emissions shows an inverted “V” trend, which is initially accelerating but then restraining. (2) Upgrades to industrial structures will decrease carbon emissions by raising green total factor productivity. (3) The rise of green total factor productivity in a certain region will have a relatively obvious inhibitory effect on carbon emissions, but it will exhibit a negative spatial spillover effect on the adjacent areas.
Unsupervised Machine Learning for Missing Clamp Detection from an In-Service Train Using Differential Eddy Current Sensor
Authors: Chandran Praneeth , Thiery Florian , Odelius Johan , Lind Håkan , Rantatalo Matti
Published: January 2022

The rail fastening system plays a crucial role in railway tracks as it ensures operational safety by fixing the rail on to the sleeper. Early detection of rail fastener system defects is crucial to ensure track safety and to enable maintenance optimization. Fastener inspections are normally conducted either manually by trained maintenance personnel or by using automated 2-D visual inspection methods. Such methods have drawbacks when visibility is limited, and they are also found to be expensive in terms of system maintenance cost and track possession time. In a previous study, the authors proposed a train-based differential eddy current sensor system based on the principle of electromagnetic induction for fastener inspection that could overcome the challenges mentioned above. The detection in the previous study was carried out with the aid of a supervised machine learning algorithm. This study reports the finding of a case study, along a heavy haul line in the north of Sweden, using the same eddy current sensor system mounted on an in-service freight train. In this study, unsupervised machine learning models for detecting and analyzing missing clamps in a fastener system were developed. The differential eddy current measurement system was set to use a driving field frequency of 27 kHz. An anomaly detection model combining isolation forest (IF) and connectivity-based outlier factor (COF) was implemented to detect anomalies from fastener inspection measurements. To group the anomalies into meaningful clusters and to detect missing clamps within the fastening system, an unsupervised clustering based on the DBSCAN algorithm was also implemented. The models were verified by measuring a section of the track for which the track conditions were known. The proposed anomaly detection model had a detection accuracy of 96.79% and also exhibited a high score of sensitivity and specificity. The DBSCAN model was successful in clustering missing clamps, both one and two missing clamps, from a fastening system separately.
The Perceived Risk of Being Infected with COVID-19 at Work, Communication, and Employee Health: A Longitudinal Application of the Job Demands–Resources Model
Authors: Falco Alessandra , Girardi Damiano , De Carlo Alessandro , Arcucci Elvira , Dal Corso Laura
Published: January 2022

The perceived risk of being infected at work (PRIW) with COVID-19 represents a potential risk factor for workers during the current COVID-19 pandemic. In line with the job demands–resources (JD-R) model in the context of safety at work, in this longitudinal study we propose that PRIW can be conceptualized as a job demand (JD), whereas communication (i.e., the exchange of good-quality information across team members) can be conceived of as a job resource (JR). Accordingly, we hypothesize that PRIW at Time 1 (T1) would positively predict psychophysical strain at Time 2 (i.e., four months later), and that communication at T1 would negatively predict psychophysical strain at T2. Overall, 297 workers participated in the study. The hypothesized relationships were tested using multiple regression analysis. The results support our predictions: PRIW positively predicted psychophysical strain over time, whereas communication negatively predicted psychophysical strain over time. The results did not change after controlling for age, gender, and type of contract. Overall, this study suggests that PRIW and communication might be conceived of as a risk and a protective factor for work-related stress, respectively. Hence, to promote more sustainable working conditions, interventions should help organizations to promote an adequate balance between JDs and JRs related to COVID-19.
Knowledge Mapping of Optimal Taxation Studies: A Bibliometric Analysis and Network Visualization
Authors: Barbu Liliana , Mihaiu Diana Marieta , Șerban Radu-Alexandru , Opreana Alin
Published: January 2022

The problem of tax policy design has been an important concern over the years, involving comprehensive scientific research. In this study, our major goal was to examine and map the optimal taxation research thematic structure by using bibliometric analysis. The analysis was carried out with the CiteSpace software on publications indexed by Web of Science (WoS) between 1975 and 2021. This document offers an actual bibliometric analysis of the current research climate in terms of optimal taxation, based on the following aspects: (1) descriptive characteristics of publication outputs (distribution by years, authors, countries, journals); (2) collaboration analysis of authors, institutions, and countries; (3) co-citation analysis of cited journals, cited authors, and cited references; and (4) keywords’ co-occurrence analysis. We constructed a knowledge map about optimal taxation research to provide a wide visual brief of the actual research in the domain of optimal tax policy. The current study adds knowledge by presenting the state of the art of the most significant studies published in the field of optimal taxation research.
Antibody Levels at 3-Years Follow-Up of a Third Dose of Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine in Young Adults
Authors: Kaaijk Patricia , Wijmenga-Monsuur Alienke J. , ten Hulscher Hinke I. ten , Kerkhof Jeroen , Smits Gaby , Nicolaie Mioara Alina , van Houten Marianne A. , van Binnendijk Rob S.
Published: January 2022

Mumps outbreaks and breakthrough infections of measles and rubella have raised concerns about waning of vaccine-induced immunity after two doses of measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccination. In the present follow-up study, serum IgG antibodies against mumps, measles and rubella, as well as the functional neutralizing antibodies against both the mumps vaccine strain and mumps outbreak strains were measured longitudinally in young adults that received a third MMR (MMR3) dose. The mumps-specific IgG and virus neutralizing antibody levels at 3 years after vaccination were still elevated compared to pre-vaccination antibody levels, although the differences were smaller than at earlier timepoints. Interestingly, subjects with low antibody levels to mumps before vaccination benefited the most as they showed the strongest antibody increase after an MMR3 dose. Three years after an MMR3 dose, all subjects had antibody levels to measles and rubella above the internationally agreed antibody cutoff levels for clinical protection. Our data support the recommendation that an MMR3 dose may provide additional protection for those that have become susceptible to mumps virus infection during outbreaks. MMR3 also resulted in an increase in anti-measles and rubella antibody levels that lasted longer than might have been expected.
Simulating the Evolution of Da Anglong Glacier, Western Tibetan Plateau over the 21st Century
Authors: Zhao Wenqing , Zhao Liyun , Tian Lide , Wolovick Michael , Moore John C.
Published: January 2022

We apply a three-dimensional (3D) full-Stokes model to simulate the evolution of Da Anglong Glacier, a large glacier in the western Tibetan Plateau from the year 2016 to 2098, using projected temperatures and precipitations from the 25-km-resolution RegCM4 nested within three Earth System Models (ESM) simulating the RCP2.6 and RCP8.5 scenarios. The surface mass balance (SMB) is estimated by the degree-day method using a quadratic elevation-dependent precipitation gradient. A geothermal flux of 60 mW m-2 produces a better fit to measured surface velocity than lower heat fluxes and represents a new datum in this region of sparse heat flux observations. The ensemble mean simulated glacier volume loss during 2016–2098 amounts to 38% of the glacier volume in the year 2016 under RCP2.6 and 83% under RCP8.5. Simulation from 2016 to 2098 without ice dynamics leads to an underestimation of ice loss of 22–27% under RCP2.6 and 16–24% under RCP8.5, showing that ice dynamics play an important amplifying factor in ice loss for this glacier, unlike for small Tibetan glaciers where SMB dominates glacier change.
The importance of topical metronidazole in the treatment of acute anal fissure: a double-blind study controlled for prospective randomization
Authors: Mert Tuba
Published: January 2022

Purpose: Acute anal fissure, a disease characterized by severe pain in the anorectal area, reduces quality of life and becomes chronic absent appropriate treatment. More recently, anaerobic infections have been noted as contributive to etiopathogenesis. This study investigates topical metronidazole’s effect in the treatment of acute anal fissure.Methods: Our prospective randomized controlled double-blind study included 2 groups of 100 patients older than 18 years from our General Surgery Clinic with anal fissure complaints for less than 8 weeks. Topical diltiazem treatment was started in group 1, and topical diltiazem and metronidazole treatment in group 2. Pain levels were evaluated by the visual analogue scale (VAS) score, and recovery status was evaluated by physical examination findings ab initio and at the 1st, 4th, and 6th weeks. VAS score levels, demographic, clinical, and recovery status were then compared.Results: There was no difference between the groups as to age, sex, pain on defecation, bleeding, constipation, and duration of pain, bleeding and constipation (P>0.05). From week 1, fissure epithelialization and healing rates were higher in group 2 (P<0.001); group 2 VAS score levels were lower than in group 1 (P<0.001) and achieved by group 1 only in week 4 (P=0.073).Conclusion: Adding topical metronidazole to treatment reduces the duration and severity of pain, shortens healing time, and increases the healing rate.
Una mirada sociológica a la juventud desde América Latina
Authors: Perosa Graziela , Giovine Manuel , Sandoval Beatriz , Altivo Bárbara
Published: January 2022

Este análisis resume una investigación sobre el uso de la tecnología digital entre los y las jóvenes de Argentina, Brasil y Chile durante los meses de marzo a junio de 2021, en un contexto marcado por la pandemia de la COVID-19. El artículo presenta un conjunto de indicadores socioeconómicos que permiten describir la situación en la que viven los jóvenes de estos países, tomando el periodo 2000-2020. Seguidamente, se ofrecen los resultados de las encuestas realizadas en el trabajo de campo, que proporcionan información comparativa sobre cuatro tipos de jóvenes: quienes solo estudian; quienes solo trabajan; quienes estudian y trabajan; y quienes ni estudian ni trabajan. Finalmente, se exponen una serie de recomendaciones para el diseño de políticas públicas referidas al acceso de la juventud a tecnologías digitales
DETERMINATION OF POSSIBLE PROCESSING MODES OF THE SURFACES OF THE BANDAGES ON A SPECIAL STAND
Authors: Shrubchenko Ivan , Hurtasenko A. , Voronkova M.
Published: January 2022

The article deals with the issues of machining the surfaces of composite bandages, after welding them directly at the assembly site and subsequent operation, using mobile technologies. The design of the device is presented. It includes structural elements of the support of a rotary kiln, with two support rollers, a rotation drive and a special portable machine. Distinctive features for this machining scheme have been established. To enable the cutting process, it is proposed to drive the rim rotation using friction force from one of the support rollers, using a DC motor with a stepless rotation speed control and a reduction gear. A method of searching for rational operating modes of the installation using linear programming is proposed. The necessary technical restrictions on the operating mode of the installation have been determined. They are the power of the rotation drive, the tangential and axial components of the cutting force. The rotation speed of the band and the size of the allowance removed in one working stroke allow varying the treatment process. Selected dependencies allow to establish a connection between the varied parameters and the introduced technical constraints. The system of linear equations is obtained on their basis, by solving which it is possible to obtain the range of values of technological modes that allow the process of machining the surfaces of bandages on the proposed installation. For a bandages with a diameter of 6100 mm, rational technological modes have been obtained that allow the process of restorative treatment of the surfaces of the bandages after welding, directly at the site of their subsequent operation.
CALCULATION OF ROTARY APPARATUS FOR PRODUCTION OF GRAPHENE-CONTAINING SUSPENSIONS
Authors: Al-Jarakh Ruaa , Osipov A. , Pershin V.
Published: January 2022

The article considers the calculation of a rotary apparatus with movable blades for the production of graphene-containing suspensions, which are used to modify structural and functional materials with improved performance characteristics. The rationale is given for the expediency of obtaining graphene plates by the method of shear exfoliation of graphite directly in liquids that are part of these materials. The kinetics of the exfoliation process in inorganic and organic liquids has been investigated, and according to the results of the analysis, dependences are proposed for calculating the main operating and geometric parameters of rotary apparatus with movable blades.
Integration of the first railway stations of St. Petersburg into the urban planning context of the city
Authors: Petuhova N.
Published: January 2022

The first railway stations in St. Petersburg: Tsarskoselsky (1836), Nikolaevsky (1851, now Moskovsky) Varshavsky (1853), Peterhof (1853-1857, now Baltic) are the objects of research. They formed the first railway junction in Russia. The placement of these stations in the urban structure of the city is considered. The method of comparative analysis is applied with the involvement of sources for the placement of the first railway stations in cities with a different urban structure. This method allows to identify the main trends and principles of the placement of the first railway stations in the middle of the 19th century and to determine the features of the placement of St. Petersburg stations. The method is based on the consideration of the station as a component of the urban-planning system "station- city". At the same time, both the general factors that determine the content and direction of the vectors of interaction of the elements of this system and the features caused by the urban planning context of each of the stations in St. Petersburg are identified and analyzed. In result, the basic principles of integration of the first railway stations into the urban planning structure of St. Petersburg are revealed. The vectors of interaction between the city and the station are shown: the influence of the existing planning scheme of the city on the placement of stations and the importance of stations in the subsequent change and development of the urban planning context.
DEVELOPMENT OF BINDING COMPOSITIONS USING GLASS WASTE
Authors: Bondarenko N. , Basov V. , Dacenko A.
Published: January 2022

The possibility of using glass waste as a binder for glass concrete is investigated. Today, the construction industry makes new demands on binders, along with the improvement of the production of Portland cement. The research is underway to study new types of binders. Disposal of glass waste is due to environmental and economic prerequisites. In the work, studies of the properties of glasses for obtaining binders are carried out. Using the X-ray fluorescence method, the chemical composition of container and sheet glass has been investigated, and the main oxides of the feedstock have been determined. An activating component has been selected for a composite binder. On the basis of experimental data, it is found that the most expedient use as an activator of water glass in an amount of 5% by weight of the composite binder. It is found that glass filler must be used in combination with cement to obtain a composite binder, since alkaline agents Na2CO3 and Na2SiO3 do not work as activators for glass powders. The optimal compositions of the composite binder have been determined and the strength properties of the obtained samples have been studied in detail. Compositions with an activator Na2SiO3 shows the highest strength indicators than compositions with an activator Na2CO3.
SIMULATION OF THE THERMAL DEFORMATION BEHAVIOR OF DOUBLE SIDED FACE GRINDERS
Authors: Nikitina I. , Polyakov A. , Voronin D.
Published: January 2022

The paper presents the result of modeling the thermal deformation behavior of the bearing system of a double-sided face grinder. Two modes of its operation is considered: idling and working strokes. Spindle bearings, heat fluxes from coolant, and heat fluxes from motors are considered as the main heat sources. The preliminary values of heat and convective fluxes are assigned according to well-known methods used in engineering calculations of machine tools. Refinement of the values of heat and convective fluxes is carried out according to the results of experimental values of temperatures and temperature displacements. In the thermal model, convective heat transfer is assigned to 450 surfaces. Heat flows are assigned to 161 surfaces. The simulation is run in Ansys for 6 hours of machine tool operation. Ansys uses a ten-node Solid227 element as a typical finite element. The problem of thermoelasticity is solved in a related setting. The error in modeling thermal processes did not exceed 0,5 degree, the error in modeling temperature displacements did not exceed 5 microns. The results of computer simulation confirmed the relative experimental positions of the left and right grinding wheels characteristic of this range of machines. At idle, the relative position of the grinding wheels represented the state «wider at the bottom», and during the working stroke, the state «at the bottom narrower» is recorded. The illustrations of the FEM model and contour plots for the temperature field and temperature displacements of the bearing system of the machine tool for two modes of its operation are presented.
Génération d’animaux génétiquement modifiés en Amérique du Sud
Authors: Crispo Martina , Menchaca Alejo , Schlapp Géraldine , Meikle María Noel
Published: January 2022

La création d'animaux génétiquement modifiés a permis de réaliser de grandes avancées scientifiques dans des domaines variés. En 2006 nous avons mis en place à l'Institut Pasteur de Montevideo une Unité Technologique capable de conduire un programme de recherche propre et de fournir aux chercheurs d’Uruguay et de la région des modèles de souris génétiquement modifiés. En 2014, nous avons mis en œuvre le système CRISPR/Cas9, ce qui nous a permis d'élargir le cadre de notre activité et de développer d'autres projets impliquant la souris et le mouton, nous positionnant ainsi comme plateforme technologique de référence en Amérique du Sud. La législation relative aux Organismes Génétiquement Modifiés (OGMs) dans plusieurs pays d’Amérique du Sud ne prend en compte que les modifications comportant l'addition d'ADN exogène et en exclut donc l’édition génomique. Cette situation procure un avantage régional favorisant le développement rapide de modèles génétiquement éditées y compris dans des espèces animales de rentes. Mots-Clés : CRISPR, édition génomique, rongeurs, mouton.
L’univers sensoriel des tortues
Authors: Boussarie Didier
Published: January 2022

Les tortues se servent de leurs organes sensoriels pour rechercher leur nourriture, reconnaître les prédateurs, trouver des partenaires sexuels et s’orienter dans leur environnement. Les tortues possèdent cinq sens comme les mammifères : la vision, l’audition, l’olfaction, la gustation et le toucher. Ces sens sont détaillés en précisant leurs structures anatomiques, leurs particularités fonctionnelles ainsi que les conséquences pratiques qui en découlent sur le comportement des tortues. La vision et l’odorat sont les sens les plus développés. La communication chez les tortues comprend toute une gamme de moyens à composante tactile, olfactive, visuelle ou auditive. Mots-clés : Tortues, Sens, Audition, Olfaction, Gustation, Toucher
Antibiorésistance et « Une seule santé » en pratique. Le point de vue du bactériologiste
Authors: Pimenta Mélanie , Lacotte Yohann , Ploy Marie-Cécile
Published: January 2022

Mots clés : antibiorésistance, une seule santé, bactériologiste
OBEPINE : une expérience française de suivi de l’épidémie de Covid-19 à travers les eaux usées
Authors: Maréchal Vincent , Moulin Laurent , Maday Yvon , Boni Mickael , Teyssou Rémy , Wurtzer Sébastien , Mouchel Jean-Marie , Bretrand Isabelle , Gantzer Christophe , Le Guyader Soizick
Published: January 2022

Le consortium de recherche Obépine (Observatoire Épidémiologique dans les Eaux Usées) s’est attaché, depuis mars 2020, à exploiter la présence du SARS-CoV-2 dans les eaux usées pour proposer un suivi épidémiologique de la COVID-19 en France. Bien que l’épidémiologie des eaux usées soit une discipline déjà ancienne, elle n’a jamais connu de déploiement aussi important à l’échelle nationale et internationale. Réunissant des équipes de recherche aux compétences variées, Obépine a établi les premiers protocoles de quantification du génome viral dans eaux usées des stations de traitement des eaux usées (STEU). Le réseau sentinelle qui a été construit avec l’appui du Ministère français de lʼEnseignement supérieur, de la Recherche et de lʼInnovation comprend à ce jour 200 STEU en France métropolitaine et outre-mer. Il permet d’évaluer de façon bihebdomadaire la dynamique de l’épidémie dans plus de 33 % de la population française. Cet article présente la genèse d’un projet de surveillance et les axes de recherche d’un réseau qui souhaite s’attacher - dans un futur proche – à compléter les dispositifs d’alerte précoce et de suivi des infections endémiques ou émergentes existants. Mots-clefs : SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, épidémiologie dans les eaux usées, réseau sentinelle
Rencontre entre le droit au respect de l’image et l’art du selfie
Authors: Lacroix Mariève , Mazouz Alicia
Published: January 2022

Le selfie, qui correspond au portrait que l’on prend de soi, à l’aide d’un téléphone portable et diffusé sur les médias sociaux, sous-tend inévitablement des problèmes juridiques. À l’instant de la prise de photographie, le photographe pose un fait juridique auquel la loi attache d’autorité des effets de droit. Le selfie commande une protection juridique. De ce point de vue, le selfie relève du droit au respect de l’image, dérivé du droit à la vie privée. Cette prétention commande, dans une première partie, une analyse transversale du droit au respect de l’image dans les traditions civilistes française et québécoise afin de relever la convergence et la divergence des solutions offertes par ces systèmes. Dans une seconde partie, il sera opportun de sonder l’importance d’obtenir un consentement dans la prise de photographie et l’usage qui en est fait. En effet, lorsqu’une personne se photographie seule, cela ne génère pas de difficulté en pratique. Il en va autrement lorsque le selfie est une photographie de groupe : cette question est résolue trop souvent en présumant que les personnes présentes sur l’image ont consenti à la photographie. À l’heure des réseaux sociaux, l’auteur du selfie aura bien souvent l’envie, sinon le réflexe, de mettre l’image sur les plateformes sociales sans avoir obtenu l’accord exprès des individus. Il faut toutefois prendre soin de dissocier le consentement à la prise de photographie du consentement à publier et à diffuser l’image.
Modifiable Lifestyle Behaviors and CKD Progression: A Narrative Review
Authors: Schrauben Sarah J. , Apple Benjamin J. , Chang Alex R.
Published: January 2022

Living a healthy lifestyle is one of the safest and most cost-effective ways to improve one’s quality of life and prevent and/or manage chronic disease. As such, current CKD management guidelines recommend that patients adhere to a healthy diet, perform ≥150 minutes per week of physical activity, manage their body weight, abstain from tobacco use, and limit alcohol. However, there are limited studies that investigate the relationship between these lifestyle factors and the progression of CKD among people with established CKD. In this narrative review, we examine the reported frequencies of health lifestyle behavior engagement among individuals with non–dialysis-dependent CKD and the existing literature that examines the influences of diet, physical activity, weight management, alcohol consumption, and tobacco use on the progression of CKD, as measured by decline in GFR, incident ESKD, or elevated proteinuria or albuminuria in individuals with CKD. Many of the available studies are limited by length of follow-up and small sample sizes, and meta-analyses were limited because the studies were sparse and had heterogeneous classifications of behaviors and/or referent groups and of CKD progression. Further research should be done to determine optimal methods to assess behaviors to better understand the levels at which healthy lifestyle behaviors are needed to slow CKD progression, to investigate the effect of combining multiple lifestyle behaviors on important clinical outcomes in CKD, and to develop effective techniques for behavior change. Despite the lack of evidence of efficacy from large trials on the ability of lifestyle behaviors to slow CKD progression, maintaining a healthy lifestyle remains a cornerstone of CKD management given the undisputed benefits of healthy lifestyle behaviors on cardiovascular health, BP control, and survival.
Crispr/Cas9 Endonucleases: A New Era of Genetic Engineering
Authors: Fatima Sana , Muzammal Muhammad , Ahmad Khan Muzammil , Farid Arshad , Kamran Muhammad , Qayum Junaid , Qureshi Maha , Nawaz Khan Muhammad , Ammar Khan Muhammad
Published: January 2022

In modern genetic engineering, there is always development towards better ways for therapies of different diseases in the most efficient way. Genetic engineering approaches use the nucleases to cut the DNA. Meganucleases, ZFN, TALEN and CRISPR i.e. clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats determine PAM sequence. These sequences are present as direct repeats that are separated by specific Spacers and have Cas genes which are present adjacent to the spacer regions. Microbe's immunity is related to the presence of CRISPR sequences, which can cleave and bind the DNA at specific sequences. CRISPR is classified into two classes that are further divided into 5 types. Most commonly used class is type 2 which work along the CRISPR associated protein called Cas 9 obtained from Streptococcus pyogene. Cas 9 is a multi-subunit protein with two nuclease domains called HNH and RuvC like domains. The presence of a smaller sequence upstream to the DNA that is to be targeted is important for specific cleavage and is called the Seed Sequence. CRISPR have many applications in genome editing and beyond genome editing.

Keywords: AML; Pathogenesis; Treatment; Relapse
Screening of Strobilanthes urticifolia Wall.ex Kuntze for Antitermite and Insecticidal Activities
Authors: Farid Arshad , Javed Roomah , Hayat Maria , Muzammal Muhammad , Hashim Khan Muhammad , Ismail Salmah , Abdur Rashid Sheikh
Published: January 2022

Leaves, stem, roots and flowers of this plant were extracted with methanol and fractionated with different solvents i.e., n-Hexane, Chloroform and Ethyl acetate. Screening of the individual extract and fractions showed that Strobilanthes urticifolia Wall.ex Kuntze has significant effects against termite and different insects. The extract and their fractions were evaluated against Odontotermes obesus, the test termite. Between the tested extracts, crude methanolic extract (CME) displayed the highest anti-termite potential (100% mortality on day 2) while aqueous fraction showed the lowest mortality rate (64% on day 3). CME and individual fractions were also tested against various insects. CME showed highest result (80%) in terms of mortality against Tribolium castenum, while n-hexane fraction showed moderate result (60%) in terms of mortality against Callosbrachus analis and all other fractions have no or low activity against tested insects. The results obtained from the experiments suggested the potential of Strobilanthes urticifolia in the control of termite and insects.

Keywords: Strobilanthes urticifolia Wall.ex Kuntze, antitermite, insecticidal, CME, Fractions.
In-Vitro evaluation of probiotic effect of Lactobacillus species for the inhibition of biofilm formation by Candida albicans
Authors: Ashraf Muhammad , Naeem Zoha , Jawad Bashir Muhammad , Shamim Riffat
Published: January 2022

Probiotic bacteria, Lactobacillus are well known to have a positive influence on the maintenance of human health by inhibiting pathogenic microorganisms. Lactic acid, bio-surfactant and bacteriocin are usually produced by Lactobacillus. Candida albicans as a dimorphic fungus grows both as yeast and filamentous cells. C. albicans is the most prevailing pathogen which causes the disease as an opportunistic pathogen in humans. The objective of this in vitro study model was to determine the effectiveness of Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus casei isolated from local fruit sources against biofilm growths of C. albicans. Man, Rogosa and Sharpe (MRS) agar was used for isolation of bacteria. The confirmation of Lactobacillus species was carried out by microscopic as well as biochemical tests. C. albicans samples were collected from high-sugar mango fruit and the isolation was carried out by Sabouraud's dextrose agar (SDA). Biofilm of C. albicans was observed by micro-titration plate by using C. albicans cell suspension. The antagonistic effect of isolated Lactobacillus species on the biofilm produced by C. albicans was assessed using probiotic assay. Lactobacillus species induced a significant inhibition (p<0.05) in biofilm growths of C. albicans. The anti-biofilm potential of all Lactobacillus species was significantly (p<0.001) different from each other with Lactobacillus casei inducing maximum biofilm inhibition. The screening of probiotic characteristics and exometabolites produced by anti-candidal Lactobacillus species could precede efficacy studies for use these bacterial strains in cure of different candidal infections.

Keywords: Probiotics, Candida spp, Candidiasis, Lactobacillus spp, Biofilms.
“Sus mandamientos no son penosos”: un abordaje historiográfico de la relación entre protestantismo y aflicción
Authors: Gattinoni Andrés
Published: January 2022

En los estudios históricos sobre el protestantismo existe un topos que consiste en asociar distintas denominaciones, en especial el calvinismo, con la producción de un sufrimiento psicológico profundo y patológico. Este tópico deriva en cierta medida de la obra de Max Weber, aunque su origen es más antiguo. Este artículo ofrece un análisis de ese tema en la historiografía sobre el protestantismo inglés. En primer lugar, describe el derrotero de ese problema historiográfico y presenta las críticas que se realizaron en distintos momentos. En segundo término, da cuenta de los aportes recientes de la historia de las emociones que podrían permitir un enfoque superador. Finalmente, destaca la necesidad de observar la dimensión polémica de los discursos acerca de la aflicción protestante y sostiene que, para estudiarla, es preciso considerar especialmente el contexto de producción y el vocabulario específico de las fuentes primarias.
Marmora presso il Traianeum di Italica: un paesaggio sacro in policromia
Authors: Becerra Fernández Daniel
Published: January 2022

In questo articolo scientifico presentiamo i tipi di marmora rinvenuti nel monumento del tempio di età adrianea che conosciamo con il nome di Traianeum de Italica (Andalusia, Spagna). È un santuario dedicato al culto imperiale che presenta una grande varietà di tipologie di marmora, provenienti dalle diverse regioni del territorio romano. L’identificazione tipologica è stata effettuata mediante analisi macroscopiche, per rocce ornamentali colorate, e l’applicazione di tecniche archeometriche per marmi bianchi e per varietà litiche che possono indurre confusione. In questa ricerca ci concentriamo su pezzi che presentano singolarità, l’enumerazione dei tipi di marmora trovati, la proporzione dei materiali in cui sono stati realizzati i pezzi conservati e catalogati, e le regioni di origine dei diversi materiali lapidei.
Atimoi por deudas. Expulsión y reintegración de atimoi en Atenas clásica
Authors: Valdés Guía Miriam
Published: January 2022

En estas páginas vamos a tratar un tipo particular de atimia, la atimia por deudas en Atenas clásica, así como el tema de la rehabilitación de atimoi (en un sentido más amplio) en momentos decisivos o claves de la historia de Atenas vinculados a situaciones de crisis aguda en los que se percibe una voluntad/necesidad de ampliar el cuerpo cívico. La rehabilitación de atimoi en masa (en ocasiones junto a otros colectivos) tuvo que ser demográfica y militarmente significativa en época clásica.
Content and Derivation of Newton's Law
Authors: Kirakosyan Khachatur
Published: January 2022

Taking into account the peculiarities of interaction, the equations of motion are proposed, from which correspondences with the main parameters of both kinematics and dynamics are found. It is shown that it is the potential of interaction with the third-party partners that is the parameter, the presence, change, and redistribution of which the content of all three Newton's laws is interpreted.
Buying Behaviour of Rural Consumers Towards Fast Moving Consumers Goods
Authors: Sreedevi R , Sivakumar K P
Published: January 2022

Consumption of goods is the sole purpose of every kind of production, and that’s why manufacturers manufacture and promote their commodities to meet the consumer wants and needs. The structure of the Indian market is divided and has different markets like Rural and Urban markets. There are unique techniques of advertising and marketing that can be established to fit into the rural and urban market behaviours. This is because the rural shoppers vary in phrases of their Purchase Choices, Consumption Style, Purchase Activities, and also the Opinions towards goods. The central focus of the study is to investigate the behaviour of the rural consumers towards Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG’s). In the current scenario; the rural markets are receiving much attention with the urban market diffusion. This is mainly attributed to the improvement in the economic conditions of the rural people. With the uplift of their standard of living, rural people in India are looking forward to adapting to the urban lifestyle. This change in behaviour is mainly reflected in their purchasing limit and capacity. Hence, rural markets remain to provide potential growth opportunities for the organised FMCG companies, both assorted quality of products and services in the affordable process.
The Role of Employer’s Association and their Relationship with Overall Management of Organization
Authors: Bhavani Devi KS , Latha Dr.
Published: January 2022

Employer’s Associations, Especially in large Organizations, are usually big and most Employers’ Organization is registered as members of the association. Mostof their unions fights for the rights of the employers’ and normally have the support of most employers in an Organization. This topic seeks to find out the role of these Unions, their relationship with the Organization Management, and the effects they have on the overall Management of an Organization.
Global Research Publications on Helicobacter Pylori from SCOPUS Database (2001-2020): A Scientometric Study
Authors: Samuel Spurgeon Anandraj , Devasagayam Helan Petricia , Peter Manuelraj , Idhris Mohamed , Rosalene Thangam Sheela
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this study is to measure and analyze the research publications on Helicobacter Pylori by extracting data by using the Scopus online database for a period of twenty years from 2001 to 2020. This study finds out the year-wise growth of publications, contribution by document type, authors, journals, organizations and language-wise publications in the field of Helicobacter Pylori research.
Case Study About Resistance Projection Welding of Aluminized Steel Parts
Authors: Voiculescu I. , Oprea V. A. , Vasile I. M.
Published: January 2022

Resistance projection welding is a non-polluting mechanized process used to obtain an assembly between similar or dissimilar metallic materials. The main advantages of this welding process are the possibility to achieve many different welded points at the same time and the long life of the electrodes compared to the spot-welding process. The paper analyses the effects of thin aluminium coating existing on mild steel parts of on the correct formation of welding points when assembling moulds for the manufacture of baking bread. From optical and electron microscopy analyses it resulted that some adjacent welded points show an interrupted fusion line, sprinkled with elongated islands of aluminium-rich compounds. The paper presents the effect of changing the values ​​of the welding parameters on the weld spot size, in correlation with the Al-rich inclusions that appear on the weld fusion zone. The best results have been obtained when the welding parameters values were the follows: electrode pressure of 2.6 bar, welding power of 19.18kVA and welding time of 7ms. The problems that occur when electric resistance welding of parts with aluminium coating have been highlighted, being useful for specialists who make products using this welding process.
Tentative de emigrare a populaţiei din judeţul Ismail în Extremul Orient în anii 1893-1895/Emigration of the People from Ismail County to the Far East in the Years 1893-1895
Authors: BOLDUMA Viorel
Published: January 2022

In this article, based on archive materials and published works, the author analyzes attempts to emigration of the population from the Ismail county in the Amur/Priamur region, in the years 1893-1895. The main cause of population emigration is to be identified in the demographic processes that took place in the province in the first half century, in the policy of colonization and denationalization promoted by the Russian imperial administration, in the consequences of the agrarian reform of 1868, frequent droughts, epidemics and raising taxes. The imperial authorities practically did not stand in the way of granting permission for the emigration of the population. The main condition was to comply with the circulars and regulations issued, according to which emigration was allowed.
AN EVALUATION OF THE POTENTIAL IMPACT OF EXTRACTING MARINE RENEWABLE ENERGY IN THE COASTAL ENVIRONMENT OF THE BLACK SEA
Authors: ZBURLEA Laura , RUSU Eugen
Published: January 2022

Energy production based on fossil fuels is the main reason for global warming. Many countries have begun switching fossil fuels with renewable energies, reducing the effects of climate change. A tremendous potential in future energy needs plays the Marine Renewable Energies (MRE). The MRE industry should take into consideration the potential environmental effects and if it poses any risks to marine animals, surrounding habitats or ecosystem processes. This research provides some insights regarding the MRE development and points out the potential environmental effects of implementing them and finally, draws some lines regarding the ecological effects of the MRE extraction from the Black Sea.
ANALYTIC MODEL OF THE SUBSYSTEM HEAD-NECK-SPINE MOVEMENT BIOMECHANICS
Authors: AMORTILA Valentin , MEREUTA Elena , NOVETSCHI Monica , RUS Madalina , VEREȘIU Silvia
Published: January 2022

Biomechanical modeling with the help of analytical mechanics together with the application of dedicated IT resources and mechanical simulations lead to a higher accuracy of the biomechanical model. From an analytical point of view, this article develops the equation of motion of the human head in a biomechanical system with three degrees of freedom using the Lagrange equations of the second case. It has been considered that this biomechanical subsystem consists of 3 anatomicalelements: the head, the cervical region and the rest of the spine (considered as being a single element consisting of the thoracic region, lumbar region, sacral region and coccygeal region).The forces which stress the head and spine during normal movements or when activities in the workplace are performed make biomechanical modeling different. Therefore, the movement of the subsystem was analyzed in the sagittal plane taking into consideration joints of cylindroid type, and the subsystem as a triple inverted pendulum.The main purpose of this model was to obtain the differential equations of motion of the mechanical subsystem considered to be in the matrix-analytical form.
FLAMMABILITY TESTS FOR HEMP SEED OIL
Authors: ȘOLEA Liviu Cătălin , DELEANU Lorena
Published: January 2022

The objective of this study was to determine the lowest temperature at which hemp seed oil ignited (505°C) and also the highest temperature at which hemp seed oil did not ignite in at least three tests performed (500°C). The oil was tested on a cylindrical surface heated to various temperatures. A total of 16 tests were carried out to determine these two temperatures as accurately as possible. The tests were performed under the procedure complying with ISO 20823:2018, Petroleum and related products. Determination of the flammability characteristics of fluids in contact with hot surfaces. Manifold ignition test.
Espaces de mobilité et identités transvergentes dans Bedwin Hacker de Nadia El Fani
Authors: Petty Sheila
Published: January 2022

Cet essai étudie la façon dont Bedwin Hacker de Nadia El Fani (Tunisie/France/Maroc, 2002) crée des histoires relationnelles de transvergence et des espaces mobiles d’interactivité où le spectateur devient co-créateur de la signification. L’essai démontre aussi comment El Fani se sert de l’écran médiatique transvergent comme site de débat et de résistance contre tout ce qui représente l’autorité répressive.
La mise en scène des appartenances post-coloniales au sein d’œuvres de rappeurs contemporains en France
Authors: Sonnette Marie
Published: January 2022

Cet article propose d’observer au sein des œuvres de plusieurs rappeurs de quelles manières les thématiques plurielles s’inspirent des expériences et des trajectoires de vie singulières de chacun des artistes. Certaines de leurs caractéristiques sociales communes, permettent de voir émerger de grands motifs : l’histoire coloniale, les trajectoires migratoires, les expériences de la pauvreté ou encore du racisme. Ceux-ci construisent des sentiments d’appartenances à un groupe social aux contours indéfinis : celui de la jeunesse pauvre, non-blanche et des quartiers populaires.
Émilie Jouvet et le Queer X Show : identité queer vs stéréotypes de genres et de sexualités
Authors: Alonso Béatrice
Published: January 2022

Ce texte propose d’observer comment dans le Queer X Show - que nous appréhendons ici par les captations vidéo d’Émilie Jouvet - est questionnée l'identité QUEER dans sa pluralité, par le biais X, celui de la pornographie, dans la pratique spectaculaire (dans le sens étymologique du terme) du SHOW (ce qu'on montre) burlesque (mouvement artistique féministe né aux États-Unis, dans les années 1990, associé à la contre-culture). Le propos est de montrer comment le QXS participe de la construction identitaire queer, ou de quelle manière une œuvre d'art peut-elle acter une identité construite sur le refus des stéréotypes. Le terme « monstration » traduit au mieux le caractère spectaculaire des performances proposées (montrer, faire show de ce qu'on montre) mais aussi et leur « monstruosité » performative.