bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study on Creep Rupture Strength of Friction Welded Super304H Steel Weld Joints
Authors: Lu Yuan , Li Debiao , Yang Xu , Chen Mo , Ding Cong , Sun Yaqin , Gong Sha
Published: August 2019

In this paper, the creep rupture strength for Super304H weld joints was evaluated by isothermal method. Service life prediction curves indicate that Super304H weld joints could guarante safety service for 105 hours at 625°C, which is in according with the Ultra-supercritical units steam conditions. When the stress is higher, the rupture mode of creep specimens was transcrystalline fracture, and results in forming dimples. When the stress is lower, the rupture mode of creep specimens was creep rupture, and results in cleavage rupture. So under the effect of long term low stress, creep cavities joined each other along the grain boundary.
Study on Preparation Technology and Antifreeze Performance of Slag Micropowder Pumice Lightweight Aggregate Concrete
Authors: Ma Jiansuo , Qi Shangwen , Cai Huanqin , Cui Yanming
Published: August 2019

To study the influence of the amount of slag micropowder and the mixing ratio on the frost resistance of slag micropowder pumice lightweight aggregate concrete, the LC35 concrete was prepared with S95 grade slag powder, cement, ordinary sand and pumice as raw materials.The slow-freezing method was used to study the failure mode of the sample and the change of mass and compressive strength loss rate.The results show that the mass loss rate of slag micropowder pumice lightweight aggregate concrete after freezing and thawing cycles is small, and the loss of freeze-thaw strength is high. This mainly due to the destruction of aggregate pumice. Meanwhile, because of the Micro-filling effect of slag powder, the tensile strength has an effect of increasing the compactness of the concrete, and can effectively reduce the damage caused by the freeze-thaw cycle to the concrete.
Emulsified Asphalt Dosage Determination Method of AC-13 Cold-Mixed Asphalt Mixture
Authors: Sun Zhaohui , Zhang Guangpeng , Li Kai
Published: August 2019

At present, there is no test method specification for the optimum emulsified asphalt dosage of cold-mixed asphalt mixture. The current specifications are mainly for hot mix asphalt and cold recycled asphalt mixture. Based on the previous studies, this paper initially selected the AC-13 group as the best grading, discussed the mixing and health environment during the cold-mixed asphalt mixture test piece forming, the optimum emulsified asphalt dosage for the AC-13 cold-mixed asphalt mixture is determined by the Marshall test and the water-immersed Marshall test, it was verified by dry and wet splitting test and high temperature rutting test. The results show that the application of the Marshall test and the water-immersed Marshall test can determine the optimum amount of emulsified asphalt for cold-mixed asphalt mixture. It can provide reference for the determination of the best emulsified asphalt dosage for cold-mixed emulsified asphalt mixture.
Influences of Cooling Rate and Dendrite Morphology Assumptions on the Cracking Susceptibility of Ternary Al-Cu-Si Alloys during Solidification
Authors: Zhao Guangwei , Ding Chong , Jian Chen
Published: August 2019

The hot cracking susceptibility of ternary Al-Cu-Si alloys in Al rich corner were calculated using the author’s own program which was coupled with a CALPHAD software Thermo-Calc for phase diagram information. The influences of cooling rate and dendrite morphology assumptions on the hot cracking susceptibility of Al-Cu-Si alloys were mainly considered. It is found that the hot crack susceptibility of high cooling rate is more serious than that of low cooling rate and the alloys tending to form more eutectic phases have higher thermal cracking sensitivity. In addition, the predicted results show that the calculated susceptibility under the assumption of dendrite morphologies extraction in the middle or end stage of solidification, such as inward cylindrical, inward spherical and plate dendrite, are relatively higher than that of the initial stage of solidification, such as spherical and cylindrical dendrite.
Influence of Different Non-color Background on Tourmaline Green
Authors: Jia Haoyuan , Guo Ying , Li Yinuo , Yuan Bin
Published: August 2019

On the basis of uniform color space CIE 1976 L*a*b*, using Munsell color system as a contrast system, this paper discusses the influence of different achromatic backgrounds on tourmaline green through quantitative analysis of color indexes such as lightness, chroma and hue of green tourmaline, and draws the following conclusion: in the process of achromatic background lightness transformation, the lightness and chroma of green tourmaline are highly sensitive to it and have obvious changes along with it, and the two also have high synchronization; However, the hue has not changed much. At the same time, the green tourmaline itself has higher lightness and chroma, which can make the lightness of the achromatic background more effectively converted into the visual lightness and saturation of the tourmaline, but the green tourmaline with too high or too low lightness and chroma is hardly affected by the lightness of the achromatic background. This proves that the non-color background is suitable for most tourmaline green quality evaluation.
Effect of Nano-montmorillonite on Properties of Spray-dried Cinnamon Oil Microcapsules
Authors: Wang Hui , Yang Bo , Bai Yan
Published: August 2019

Proper dispersion of layered nano-clay within the wall of oil microcapsule is a strategy for improving encapsulation properties. In the present study, cinnamon oil microcapsules with addition of nano montmorillonite (MMT) in wall materials were prepared by spray drying, encapsulation efficiency (EE) and loading capacity (LC) were measured. The release properties of microcapsules at different humidity and high temperature were investigated. The results show that the emulsion with 12% MMT content has the highest stability and shows the lowest droplet mean diameter. The EE and LC increase with the increase of MMT content and reach the maximum at 12% MMT content as a function of compact wall membrane structure formed from MMT dispersed in polymer. The addition of MMT decreases cinnamon oil release rate and improves the barrier property of wall membranes due to the less water absorption. Thermal stability of microcapsules is also enhanced.
Preparation and Ferroelectric Properties of PZT Multilayer Film
Authors: Li Chengbin , Chen Sijing , Di Yongjiang , Li Qiang , Wang Zengqi , Cao Pengjun
Published: August 2019

The PZT multilayer films were prepared by sol-gel method. The effects of formamide content, crystallization temperature and number of layers on the microstructure and ferroelectric properties of PZT films were investigated by optical microscopy, XRD, AFM and SEM. When the content of formamide in the PZT precursor solution is 0.34% by weight, the surface morphology is flat, and the film formation and crystallization are highest when the crystallization temperature is 690 °C. The surface of the four-layer film has low undulation, less impurities, and uniform particle size and particle distribution on the surface of the film. The maximum undulation of the film is 10 nm, the average undulation is 6 nm, and the ferroelectric domain is dominated by 20° domain and 200° domain. When the polarization inversion voltage is 8.0V, the loaded pattern is polarized and flipped, and the flip angle is about 180°. The inverted ferroelectric domain is very stable.
Effects of Temperature and Moisture on Soil Organic Carbon Mineralization
Authors: Yun Jianwei , Chen Xugen , Liu Shujing , Zhang Weihua
Published: August 2019

As an important index of soil fertility and ecological balance, soil organic carbon had been universal concern. This paper summarized research conditions of temperature and moisture on soil organic carbon in recent years, introduces the effects of temperature, freezing-thawing cycles, water and dry-wet cycles on soil organic carbon mineralization, and discusses the dynamics research of soil organic carbon mineralization, proposed to be further resolved problems.
Supercritical Xe as Propellant in Satellite Electric Propulsion System: Experimental Study on Thermal Physical Properties
Authors: Zhao Yueshuai , Sun Lichen , Yu Xinfa , Sun Wei
Published: August 2019

Supercritical Xenon was used in satellite electric propulsion system as propellant. The supercritical physical properties of Xenon have a great influence on the pressure-temperature relationship during filling and storage. The Burnett isochoric coupling method was used to test the PνT date of Xenon in this paper. A test system was established to obtain the critical test data for Xeon. Near the critical temperature, the calculation results by REFPROP are significantly larger than the experimental results in this work, up to 6 kPa. The reliability and high precision of the experimental data in this work are verified by the data from literature and the data calculated by NIST’s REFPROP software.
Synthesis the SiO Powders by a New Method
Authors: Xiao Xuefeng , Zhang Xuefeng , Wei Haicheng , Zhang Huan
Published: August 2019

Lithium ion batteries with the advantages of the long cycle life, high energy density, high power density etc. have been widely used in mobile phones, notebook computers and other areas of the power. The SiO is one of the most promising materials of lithium ion battery cathode material because of the theoretical specific capacity more than graphite 10 times. While traditional method, the chemical vapor deposition method has been unable to meet the increasing demand for the SiO material. In this paper, the SiO powders have been synthesized by a new method which is named Crucible Rotating Up method. The technological process of this method has been introduced in this paper and the X-ray diffraction analysis and SEM-EDS have been performed for the test samples. The result shows that the high purity SiO gas has been generated in the Crucible Rotating Up Furnace.
Numerical Simulation of Propellant Diffusion Considering Chemical Reaction
Authors: Cui Cunyan , Zhan Xiang , Zhou Xiaodeng , Xin Tengda , Han Xiangyang
Published: August 2019

Gas phase diffusion process of UDMH and NTO in confined space was investigated and the mechanism of the reaction between the propellants was analyzed in order to study the diffusion process considering chemical reaction between propellants based on numerical simulation. According to the results of numerical simulation, the propellant concentration distribution, resultant of reaction distribution, as well as temperature distribution was obtained. Results showed that the leakage diffusion process can be divided into three stages: heavy gas deposition stage, rapid reaction stage and equilibrium diffusion stage. In the heavy gas deposition stage, propellants are mainly affected by gravity. During the rapid reaction stage, the chemical reaction between propellants plays a certain role in the diffusion process. In the equilibrium diffusion stage, the bottom temperature of the confined space increased significantly, the highest temperature reached 306K.
A New Preparation Device for SiOx (x = 1 or 2) Powders
Authors: Xiao Xuefeng , Zhang Xuefeng , Wei Haicheng , Zhang Huan
Published: August 2019

A device for efficient, quasi-continuous preparation of SiOx (x = 1 or 2) powders is proposed with detailed structure and working principle. The reaction device is named Crucible-Rotating-Up Furnace (CRUF) according to the characteristics of the device. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) were used to evaluate test samples. The results show that high purity SiO gas was generated in the CRUF. Thus, SiO2 powder can be produced by this new device.
Application of Histoacryl Tissue Glue in Breast Surgery
Authors: Sun Tong , Liu Shengnan , Sun Guang
Published: August 2019

Objective to explore the effect of Histoacyl tissue glue (hereinafter referred to as tissue glue) on incision healing in breast surgery. Method review during October 2017 to October 2018, 500 cases of breast surgery to surgical treatment of cases, including 200 cases of tissue glue closed incision, 200 cases of absorbable suture material, 100 cases by traditional suture, comparing three sets of closing time of incision, postoperative hospital stay, complications, patients on art mouth closed satisfaction. Results: the three groups were superior to the absorbable suture material, group and the traditional suture group in the closing-length glue group with statistically significant differences (P<0.05). Postoperative hospitalization time in the glue group and the absorbable suture group was significantly better than that in the traditional suture group. Conclusion tissue glue is more ideal in reducing local inflammatory reaction, rejection reaction and higher patient satisfaction than the traditional non-absorbable suture of micro-sagebrush and traditional non-absorbable silk thread. The results of this clinical trial show the advantages of tissue glue in the incision suture of breast surgery.
Groove Depth Detection Method Base on the Line Laser Vision Measurement on Cement Concrete Pavement
Authors: Ying Hong , Chen Shunxing , Jiang Yana , Hou Xinyue
Published: August 2019

The groove depth has a decisive influence on the anti-sliding performance of cement concrete pavement, and it also plays an important role on the noise of cement concrete pavement. Aiming the shortcomings of traditional measurement methods of groove depth detection on the cement concrete pavement, a measurement method base on the structure light vision model was proposed. This method was realized by that the groove depth was obtained by 3D coordinate of the light strip according to the camera model and the structure light plane equation. A new algorithm based on double 2D plane pane target was proposed as the key step of this method.
The High Temperature Performance Prediction Model of AC-13 Asphalt Mixture
Authors: Sun Zhaohui , Wang Huaizhi , Chen Gang , Zhang Guangpeng
Published: August 2019

12 sets of AC-13 asphalt mixture were designed and tested for high temperature stability. According to fractal theory and dynamic stability test results, the correlation equations of fractal dimension and dynamic stability index were established. Using this equation to predict high temperature stability of AC-13 asphalt mixture, it is expected reducing the amount of test, it can provide a reference for engineering design.
An Optimal Wavelet Type to Increase Classification Accuracy for Forest Softwood Species
Authors: Abdulrazaq Kahya Mohammed , S.Y.Aladool Azzam , Altamir Suhaib A.
Published: August 2019

Computer vision systems are a very interesting alternative approach for the forest species classification, which is a challenging task that generally requires well-trained human specialists. Hence this work proposed a method concerned with computer vision system to classify 37 different forest softwood species. The images are being decomposed to red, green and blue channels to extract features, each channel is decomposed using a different discrete wavelet transform (DWT) family. The image features are prepared to be classified. Texture images of softwood species are classified using neural network (NN) and support vector machine (SVM) classifiers. Classification accuracy (CA) values for SVM were 94.7297% and 97.2973% for 3rd and 5th level decompositions “coif2” DWT respectively which are better than NN results.
Characteristics of the Number of Conjugacy Classes and P-Regular Classes in Finite Symmetric Groups
Authors: Khalil Shuker Mahmood , Ali Abbas Nadia M.
Published: August 2019

In this work, the number of p – regular classes N

prc
(S

n
) in symmetric group S

n
is always less than or equal to the number of conjugacy classes Nc
(S

n
) in S

n
is shown. Furthermore, the relation between p and n that is satisfying the equality are investigated.
“Small wave number and less of Reynolds number inflow analysis in peristaltic transportation of “Hyperbolic tangent fluid” in curved channels by employing the influence of radial magnetic force”
Authors: Alshareef T Sh
Published: August 2019

Through this article, we studied the peristaltic motion of “Hyperbolic Tangent” fluid in the geometry of curvature channel by using the analysis of large wavelength and less of Reynolds number. The matter has controlled mathematically by the partial differential equations of continuity, motion, heat transfer. In the study, we used the impact of radial magnetic force. The obtained coupled non-linear equations of above equations have solved by an approximation technical. Locked formula solutions of the stream function, axial velocity, heat function has evaluated. The influence of curvature is analysed and took it into account. The impact of sundry variables on the inflow features have plotted and explained by graphs and figures.
Stechkin-Marchaud Inequality in Terms of Neural Networks Approximation in Lp- Space for 0 <p <1
Authors: Bhaya Eman Samir , Abd Al-sadaa Zaineb Hussain
Published: August 2019

The approximation by neural networks is growing field, it attracts many mathematics, computer, sciences and economic researchers. In the recent years some researchers studied Stechkin-Marchaud type inequalities of Bernstem-Darmeyer operator. In this article we give Stechkin-Marchaud type theorem for an operator we defined it. As a direct consequence we prove a lower bound result for neural networks with ω

k
(fi

δ)
p
.
On Generalized Pre-Continuous Fuzzy Proper Function from a Fuzzy Topological Space to Another Fuzzy Topological Space
Authors: Ajeel Yusra Jarallah
Published: August 2019

The purpose of this paper is to introduce and study the concepts of fuzzy generalized pre-open sets, fuzzy generalized pre-closed sets and generalized pre-continuous fuzzy proper functions. Some of its properties have also been investigated. Relation between continuous fuzzy proper functions and generalized pre-continuous fuzzy proper functions has also been established.
Enzymatic efficacy of some types of Aspergillus fungi isolated from some manuscripts and its effect on some of the physical and chemical properties of the manuscripts
Authors: Zghair A.
Published: August 2019

The study has been conducted in the laboratory of Imam Hussein Center (peace be upon him) for the restoration and conservation of manuscripts and the care of researchers at the Imam Hussein Holy Shrine. 150 fungal isolates of Aspergillus spp. have been taken from manuscripts. Aspergillus, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus nidulans, Candidus,Apergillus oryzae, Apergillus niger were diagnosed. The enzymatic tests were performed to determine which species has the ability to produce analyzer of protein,cellulose, fat and starch enzymes on solid culture media of specific inspection.

The results showed that Aspergillus fungi were differentiated in its production of the studied enzymes. A. nigar gave positive result for all studied enzymes with varying level of efficacy. The highest enzyme activity of this species was amylase, lipase and cellulase. However, A.oryza recorded the highest efficacy of cellulase and amylase and medium efficacy with protease. A. candidus was producing high efficacy to protease, lipase and cellulase enzymes and gave a negative test with the amylase enzyme. A.flavus was the higher efficacy with protease, lipase, cellulase enzymes and medium efficacy with amylase, while A. nidulan was recorded as the highest efficacy with protease, lipase, and cellulase enzymes and medium efficacy with amylase enzyme.

The effect of growth of these fungi on the physical properties of the elongation strength, tension force and color change of paper was studied. The results showed that the effect of fungi on the manuscripts through the exposure of the damaged sample to the dark color compared to the standard sample (unaffected). The results demonstrated that the lowest values in term of tensile strength and elongation for the affected sample compared to the non-affected sample, as well as the study of their effect on the chemical properties using X-ray diffraction analysis to determine the degree of crystallization of cellulose. The results showed an increase in the crystallization of cellulose. This means a change in the chemical and mechanical properties of cellulose. In addition, the infrared spectrum was used to determine changes in the functional groups of paper observing which revealed occurring a slight decrease in the OH group as a result of the loss of water molecules from cellulose. Also, we noticed an increase in C = O absorption due to cellulose oxidation processes.
The effect of auricular electro-stimulation as compared with diazepam in seizure attack reduction in epilepsy rat model induced by pilocarpine
Authors: Farhan Noor Hadi , almaali Hasan Abo
Published: August 2019

The efficacy of electro stimulation in epilepsy remained to be approved due to the diversity and complex effect which induced by this alternative management. So that, the objective of the study was to demonstrate the anticonvulsant methods of electro stimulation of ear points in rat with lab experimental seizure. To achieve this goal, the epilepsy rats’ model was prepared by intra peritoneal injection of pilocarpine. Seizure rats, would be stimulated electrically, it simulated as ear-point electrical stimulation with rats that treated with diazepam as a pharmacological treatment. The results revealed that the convulsion behaviours were improved in comparison to control group, but the beneficial effect was lesser than diazepam treated rat group. Basing on the results that obtained, it suggested that the electrical stimulation of certain ear-point had weak effect as anti-epilepsy, that might be get involved in decreasing the epilepsy attacks as an attempt to use a non-pharmacological management to improve epilepsy in combination with other stimulation points or longer periods.
Determination of hemolytic Cytotoxicity and Antibacterial Activity of Conocarpus Lancifolius Aqueous leaves Extract
Authors: Mohammed Saddeq A. , Mousa Hassan M. , Alwan Abdoun H.
Published: August 2019

A total of 32 samples of Conocarpus lancifolius leaves were collected from different regions of holy Kerbala city of Iraq. All samples were undergone to cold aqueous extraction by sonication method. Subsequently, the extraction was tested against six pathogenic bacteria which they were Acintobacter baumanni, Proteus mirabilis, Yersinia enterocolitica, Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus agalactiae. So, antibacterial activity were determined by well diffusion method as well as minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined to each Bacterium. Also, the concentrations of the extraction that used in well diffusion method were 50, 100, 150 and 200 μg/ml. However, all concentrations showed significant differences with significant increase between each other at probability >0.05 and >0.01 for For each concentration. Moreover, all bacteria showed biggest inhibition zone at conc. of 200 μg/ml. Also, the biggest inhibition zone was 22.5 mm for Yersinia enterocolitica, while at the same concentration Acintobacter baumanni, Proteus mirabilis, Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus agalactiae showed 21.3 μg/ml, 22.0 μg/ml, 15.3 μg/ml, 19.0 μg/ml and 16.2g/ml respectively. Whereas, lowest MIC was 2 μg/ml for Staphylococcus aureus and MBC was 8μg/ml for the same bacteria. Whereas, the MIC of Acinetobacter baumanni, Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus agalctiae, Proteus mirabilis and Yersinia enterocolitica was 20, 9, 7, 9 and 8 μg/ml respectively, while the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) for these bacteria was 36, 16, 14, 15 and 14 μg/ml respectively. On the other hand hemolytic cytotoxicity of aqueous leaf extract of C. lancifolius showed 1.72% of erythrocyte hemolysis for healthy non-smoker human.
The role of spraying copper and zinc on the growth and yield of Vicia faba L
Authors: R.Alhasany Ali , Noaema Ali H. , Alhmadi Hekmat B.
Published: August 2019

A field experiment was conducted in Al-Rumaitha district 25 km north of Al-Muthanna governorate in winter season 2017/2018 to study the effect of spraying with three concentrations of copper (0, 10, 20 ) mg Cu L−1, and three concentrations of zinc (0, 40, 80) mg Zn L−1on the growth and yield of faba bean. The experiment was applied as a factorial experiment within randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates. The results showed that copper spraying at concentration of 20 mg cu L−1resulted in an increase in most growth and yield characteristics, giving the highest nitrogen content in plant leaves (35.07g.kg−1), chlorophyll content in leaves (35.22 SPAD), plant height (81.01 cm), the number of branches (6.78 branch. Plant−1) and increased components of the yield by percentage of number of pods reached to (41.12%), the number of seeds by the pods (24.23%), and the number of total seed yield by (46.16%). There were no significant differences between the treatment of spray and the loss of the weight of 100 seeds. The results showed significant increase of zinc concentrations in the spray solution, where the concentration exceeded 80 mg Zn L−1in most studied traits such as content of nitrogen in plant leaves, leaf content of chlorophyll, plant height, the number of branches, and also some yield components, the pods were 15.32, the number of seeds by pods was 5.12, the total number of seeds was 4628 Kg−1, while the comparison treatment was higher in the weight of 100 seeds. The interaction between copper and zinc showed a significant effect on the content of nitrogen in plant leaves and leaf content of chlorophyll. The combination (20 mg Cu.L−1× 80 mg Zn.L−1) showed the highest mean of 37.50 g. kg−1and 37.17 SPAD for both respectively.
The action potential Of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles on DNA of Streptococcus Mutants species
Authors: abid al Hussein Hassanain jwad , Jawad Ohood Salman , Awad Eman Ibrahim
Published: August 2019

In order to clarify the fundamental benefit between the relationship between the use of nanoparticles and the creation of DNA-sensing devices, using nanoparticles of zinc oxide. These particles are used in functional devices in the field of nanotechnologies in modern science, catalysts, materials used in dyes, as well as materials used in optical fields and many other high-tech applications. In this study, the effect of nanoparticles on a nuclear material and thus DNA damage is found to be deficient in the DNA and therefore the fundamental properties of the genetic material belonging toStreptococcus Mutantsspecies.This study shows how the effect of the action of nanoparticles on nanotubes on DNA is altered and changed. When the acid density is relatively high, the non-saturation is clear and distinct. This effect is dependent on the length of the DNA and the control of dsDNA By controlling the absorption obtained by zinc oxide nanoparticles.
Toxic Effect of Aflatoxin B1 on Heart, Lung, and Testis of Male Albino Rats: Histopathology Study
Authors: Kudayer Alia M. , Alsandaqchi Alaa T.A. , Saleh Faleah M. , Alwan Nawras A.
Published: August 2019

The current study was carried out to investigate the toxic effects of aflatoxin B1 exposure on heart, lung, and testis of male Albino rats. Twelve healthy male Albino rats were used in the current study. They were divided equally into 2 groups (control and treated groups). The treated group was given aflatoxin B1 orally by a gastric tube at concentration 0.5 mg per kg of body weight for 7 day. The control group was given distilled water alone. At the end of experiment (1 week), the rats were killed under ether anesthesia and the internal organs(heart, lung, and testis) were collected immediately for histological examination. The histopathology examination in heart revealed that there is oedema between myocardial. In lung, there is a large number of inflammatory cells and dilated the alveolar sac with exudates. The testis revealed the excessive vacuolated cells and suppression spermatogenesis. In conclusion, oral dose of aflatoxin B1 exposure could induce a deleterious effect on the histological structure of the heart, lung, and testis of male Albino rats. High level of attention must be taken to prevent the possible contamination of our food with aflatoxin B1.
Study of some abnormalities in the reproductive system of ewes in Basra province
Authors: fahad Taher abdulhussen , Waheed Zainab , Kareem Dhuha Adel
Published: August 2019

The aimed of study to examined female reproductive system grossly and histopathological to study of lesion causes infertility or sterility in ewes. This study was conducted on the genital tract of 80 ewes in Basra province. The specimen were randomly collected from Basra slaughter house of different areas of Basra city (Qurna, Zubear, Karma Ali, Abu AL khasab, Hayaniya, alder, Shatt al-Arab)within the period from October 2014 to January 2015.The gross examination of collected specimen was confirmed histologically, pathological changes were found in 28 (35%) of the total cases. and 52 (65%) samples normal. Uterine abnormalities comprised (57.14%), whereas ovarian abnormalities comprised (39.29%) and oviduct abnormalities were (3.57%).The commonest pathological conditions of the uterus was endometritis which comprised (42.86%) of pathological conditions, followed by freemartin (14.29%), these percentages from abnormal cases. The commonest abnormalities of the ovary were ovarian cysts (25%), followed by Para ovarian cysts (14.29%) (3.57%). The abnormalities of the oviduct were less common Paraoviduct, these percentages from abnormal cases.
Synthesis and Characterisation a new 1,2,4-Triazole Carbohydrate
Authors: Al khazraji Abdulqadier H , I Alkayar Ziad T , Al-fatahi Yousif A
Published: August 2019

In this study, new alditol derivatives containing two triazole rings at the two terminal primary carbon atoms have synthesized starting from D-glucitol. In order to obtain these derivatives, it was required to protect the hydroxyl group at C1 and C6 position of the glucitol by converting them to 1,6-di-O-benzoyl-D-glucitol, followed by the protection of the remaining hydroxyl group.

Treatment of 1,6-di-O-benzoyl-D-glucitol with benzaldehyde in present of zinc chloride as catalyst afforded 1,6-di-O-benzoyl-2,4:3,5-di-O-benzylidene, then the two benzoate groups were removed using sodium methoxide to give 2,4:3,5-di-O-benzylidene-D-glucitol. Oxidation of 2,4:3,5-di-O-benzylidene-D-glucitol with alkaline permanganate gave 1,4:3,5-di-O-benzylidene-D-glucaric acid. This was converted to corresponding acid chloride using thionyl chloride, and then treated with semicarbazide to afford the semicarbazide derivative.This undergoes intramolecular cyclization with base to give the triazolyl derivative. All derivatives were confirmed with the help of infrared spectra (IR), and nuclear magnetic resonance for proton 1HNMR and carbon13CNMR spectroscopy.
DNA Binding three Azo Dyes as new Antibiotics
Authors: Ali Hanan M. , Badr Sanaa Qassem , Hassan Al-Kinani Murtadha F.
Published: August 2019

The antimicrobial activities of (E)-4-((2-nitrophenyl) diazenyl) benzene-1,3-diol (1), (E)-4-((3-nitrophenyl) diazenyl) benzene-1,3-diol (2) and (E)-4-((4-nitrophenyl) diazenyl) benzene-1,3-diol (3), were screened in vitro towered Staphylococcus aureus strain NCTC 6571 and Candida Krusei. The results were revealed that the azo dye (2), which has NO2 group in the meta-position, was more active towered Staphylococcus aureus using 0.3 mg / mL and 0.4 mg/ mL concentrations. This activity was seemed to be higher than the activity of (1) and (3), which have substituted NO2 group in ortho-and para-positions respectively. However, the azo dye (1) was gave well activity against Candida Krusei than (2) and (3) using same concentrations. These results were then compared with that obtained by antibiotics (erythromycin capsules, amoxicillin capsules and metheprim tablet). The results were displayed that the activities of different concentrations of each azo dye were better than the antibiotics in the treatment of the disseminated infection. Further, the three azo dyes were showed non-toxic effects toward of the hemolytic red blood cells and didn’t show any hemolysis effect in the cells. Further the three azo dyes were variable in their bonded to the infected human DNA. The azo dyes (1) and (3) can affect the human DNA resulting DNA damage, which inhibits DNA transcription and replication. However, the azo dye (2) was right bind the human DNA without damaged it in contrast with the control. Due to recommend the three synthetic azo dyes as new antibiotics for disseminated infection. The first section in your paper
Development Method for Determination of Aspirin as Sodium Salicylate by UV-VIS Spectroscopy
Authors: Albakaa Ali Rasool Mahmood , ahmed Mohammed abdullah , mohammed Benas thamer , jabbar zainab abbas
Published: August 2019

New, easy and quick way to signal U.V. – Vis. spectroscopy was developed and validated for the estimation of Aspirin in pure form, and in respective formulations. The appropriate solubility of the drug and the maximum sensitivity of the assay were found as Salicylate, the peak of maximum absorbance of Salicylate was appear at (535 nm) in the wavelength scope of (300-900 nm); The linear calibration curve of aspirin concentrations range (10-80 ppm) are shown to show the regression equation (Y=0.0086X - 0.0429), and correlation Coefficient (R2 = 0.9999), the LOQ for Aspirin was up to (5.43742 – 0.306928 mg.L−1), while LOD were (1.794348 - 0.101286 mg.L−1).

This method has been validated and applied to the estimate of aspirin from various companies in Iraqi marts, no intrusions was found from tablet of aspirin excipients at the favored wavelength and conditions of estimate; Concluded that the method developed was perfect, precise, accurate, and replicable. As well as it can be directly applied to determine Salicylate and indirectly for the estimation of Aspirin content in pharmaceutical formulations, by calibration curve method or standard addition method.
Investigation the effect of Silver nanoparticles on Sensitivity enhancement ratio in Improvement of Adipose Tissue Radiotherapy Using High Energy Photons
Authors: Abdulwahid Talib A. , Abid Ali Ibtisam J.
Published: August 2019

Reducing the number of radiotherapy sessions is the primary goal of the radiotherapist domain. One of the most promising ways is to achieve this goal by adding nanoparticles as a contrast agent to the target where radiation is applied. The contribution of the nanoparticles will appear Sensitivity Enhancement Ratio (SER). SER is the ratio between the number of cancer cells destroyed by the presence of the contrast agent and the number of cells destroyed by the absence of the contrast agent for the same dose. Increasing the amount of SER indicates the increase in the number of destroyed cells compared with the number of destroyed cells in the absence of contrast agent. In this research, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were used as a contrast agent for adipose tissue cancer together with photons beam whose energy range from (2-15) MeV that applied to the adipose tissue loaded with AgNPs. The results showed an increase in the SER (1.44 with an energy of 15 MeV ), which would indicate a reduction in the number of radiotherapy sessions to become from five to three weeks depending on the energy of applied photon where the normal radiotherapy sessions are seven weeks.
Enhance the solar cell efficiency by reduction of reflection losses
Authors: Ibrahim Rawa K. , Azzawi Mohanad M. , Naji Osama N. , Hadi Naseer M.
Published: August 2019

The enhancement of the solar cell efficiency field has been achieved in many methods due to the different factors and conditions that led to loss the solar energy. This work deals with the increasing of the efficiency of solar cell that made of single crystalline silicon. This increment achieved by the reduction of biggest type of losses of the conversion efficiency named reflection. by using two methods first; forming grooves on the surface using pulse Nd:YAG laser with max energy 1J and pulse width 10ns, using the fast and accurate movement of the 3D optical galvo mirror scanning system to form the grooves, the second method was by deposition nanomaterials as Silver (Ag) and Cadmium telluride (CdTe) to constitute an antireflection layer for the incident solar spectrum. The effect of antireflection layer material type and the effect of incident light angle on the reflection had been studied in this work. The reflectance had been measured by a system designed and built to give the reflection for angles ranged 0 – 180 degree controlled by Microcontroller. The result inducate that increase in conversion efficiency was 28.3% for Ag/Si, and 32.9% for CdTe/Si than the original efficiency of Si solar cell.
‘It’s a tough decision’: a qualitative study of proxy decision-making for research involving adults who lack capacity to consent in UK
Authors: Shepherd Victoria , Hood Kerenza , Sheehan Mark , Griffith Richard , Wood Fiona
Published: August 2019

Background

Research into dementia and other conditions connected with cognitive impairments is essential but conducting research with populations who lack capacity to provide consent involves a number of ethical, legal and practical challenges. In England and Wales, family members can act as a consultee or legal representative on behalf of someone who lacks capacity. However, there is a paucity of research about how family members make decisions concerning research participation.

Objective

To explore family members’ experiences of proxy decision-making for research. Understanding how proxy decisions are made could lead to interventions to support greater inclusion of individuals in research who have impaired decision-making capacity.

Methods

Semi-structured interviews were conducted with a purposive sample of 17 family members who had experience as a proxy for making decisions about participation in research, including those who had agreed to participation and those who declined. Thematic analysis was used to examine experiences and generate findings for research practice and to develop future supportive interventions.

Results

Proxy decision-making is highly contextualised. Proxies balance a number of factors when deciding about research participation, including the person’s values and preferences, within the specific context of the study, and the practicalities of being involved. Proxies use these factors to construct a decision that is authentic to the person they care for.

Conclusions

Proxy decision-making for research is a complex process with inter-woven layers of decision-making. Decisions can be problematic for some proxies who may benefit from decision support to make an informed decision about research participation on behalf of a family member.
The Advocacy Journal Club
Authors: Talmon Geoffrey , Wolf Alejandro , Molani Mariam , Martin Kimberly , Waibel Elizabeth , Jacobs Jeff , Wisecarver James
Published: August 2019

Objectives

To describe a method of educating pathologists about health policy.

Methods

The Advocacy Journal Club was a series of six conferences. Topics were of those in the news or affecting local practice. Participants reviewed preparatory readings, completed a six- to 10-question pretest, attended an interactive presentation stressing advocacy groups’ efforts, and completed a posttest. All were invited to complete a survey after the sessions.

Results

Faculty and residents had increased posttest scores following each presentation with a significant difference in four and three sessions, respectively. More than 80% agreed they could discuss the topics with others and understood how regulations affect practice. More than 90% agreed that they gained an understanding of how involvement in organizations’ advocacy initiatives affects policy.

Conclusions

We present a method for educating pathologists about policy and the role of professional societies that could be implemented by nearly all graduate medical education programs.
Deep learning based prediction of reversible HAT/HDAC-specific lysine acetylation
Authors: Yu Kai , Zhang Qingfeng , Liu Zekun , Du Yimeng , Gao Xinjiao , Zhao Qi , Cheng Han , Li Xiaoxing , Liu Ze-Xian
Published: August 2019

Protein lysine acetylation regulation is an important molecular mechanism for regulating cellular processes and plays critical physiological and pathological roles in cancers and diseases. Although massive acetylation sites have been identified through experimental identification and high-throughput proteomics techniques, their enzyme-specific regulation remains largely unknown. Here, we developed the deep learning-based protein lysine acetylation modification prediction (Deep-PLA) software for histone acetyltransferase (HAT)/histone deacetylase (HDAC)-specific acetylation prediction based on deep learning. Experimentally identified substrates and sites of several HATs and HDACs were curated from the literature to generate enzyme-specific data sets. We integrated various protein sequence features with deep neural network and optimized the hyperparameters with particle swarm optimization, which achieved satisfactory performance. Through comparisons based on cross-validations and testing data sets, the model outperformed previous studies. Meanwhile, we found that protein–protein interactions could enrich enzyme-specific acetylation regulatory relations and visualized this information in the Deep-PLA web server. Furthermore, a cross-cancer analysis of acetylation-associated mutations revealed that acetylation regulation was intensively disrupted by mutations in cancers and heavily implicated in the regulation of cancer signaling. These prediction and analysis results might provide helpful information to reveal the regulatory mechanism of protein acetylation in various biological processes to promote the research on prognosis and treatment of cancers. Therefore, the Deep-PLA predictor and protein acetylation interaction networks could provide helpful information for studying the regulation of protein acetylation. The web server of Deep-PLA could be accessed at http://deeppla.cancerbio.info.
Graph convolution for predicting associations between miRNA and drug resistance
Authors: Huang Yu-an , Hu Pengwei , Chan Keith C C , You Zhu-Hong
Published: August 2019

Motivation

MicroRNA (miRNA) therapeutics is becoming increasingly important. However, aberrant expression of miRNAs is known to cause drug resistance and can become an obstacle for miRNA-based therapeutics. At present, little is known about associations between miRNA and drug resistance and there is no computational tool available for predicting such association relationship. Since it is known that miRNAs can regulate genes that encode specific proteins that are keys for drug efficacy, we propose here a computational approach, called GCMDR, for finding a three-layer latent factor model that can be used to predict miRNA-drug resistance associations.

Results

In this paper, we discuss how the problem of predicting such associations can be formulated as a link prediction problem involving a bipartite attributed graph. GCMDR makes use of the technique of graph convolution to build a latent factor model, which can effectively utilize information of high-dimensional attributes of miRNA/drug in an end-to-end learning scheme. In addition, GCMDR also learns graph embedding features for miRNAs and drugs. We leveraged the data from multiple databases storing miRNA expression profile, drug substructure fingerprints, gene ontology and disease ontology. The test for performance shows that the GCMDR prediction model can achieve AUCs of 0.9301 ± 0.0005, 0.9359 ± 0.0006 and 0.9369 ± 0.0003 based on 2-fold, 5-fold and 10-fold cross validation, respectively. Using this model, we show that the associations between miRNA and drug resistance can be reliably predicted by properly introducing useful side information like miRNA expression profile and drug structure fingerprints.

Availability and implementation

Python codes and dataset are available at https://github.com/yahuang1991polyu/GCMDR/.

Supplementary information

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
The Caged Bird Sings: The Voice of the Workfare Generation
Authors: Brandt Steven , Roose Rudi , Verschelden Griet
Published: August 2019

Social work literature suggests that three depoliticisation tendencies characterise the youngest generation of social workers. First, they exhibit less interest in the structural level of social problems. Secondly, they are supposed to incline towards the idea of welfare conditionality. And thirdly, they are evolving towards increasingly shallow technical, box-ticking professionals. As such, this generation of social workers seems to conform with a policy climate in which social justice is increasingly under pressure. It is our contention that this debate is one-sided and negative. It dismisses the perspective of the social workers themselves. For organisations in social work, it might appear paradoxical that the youngest generation of social workers—although submersed in the context of workfare—hold the key to revising institutional processes and guidelines. Based on generational theory, however, we argue that social work needs to consider the ability of the newest generation to signal procedural and institutional barriers that hinder the pursuit of social justice.
Selective Inactivation of Reelin in Inhibitory Interneurons Leads to Subtle Changes in the Dentate Gyrus But Leaves Cortical Layering and Behavior Unaffected
Authors: Pahle Jasmine , Muhia Mary , Wagener Robin J , Tippmann Anja , Bock Hans H , Graw Janice , Herz Joachim , Staiger Jochen F , Drakew Alexander , Kneussel Matthias , Rune Gabriele M , Frotscher Michael , Brunne Bianka
Published: August 2019

Reelin is an extracellular matrix protein, known for its dual role in neuronal migration during brain development and in synaptic plasticity at adult stages. During the perinatal phase, Reelin expression switches from Cajal-Retzius (CR) cells, its main source before birth, to inhibitory interneurons (IN), the main source of Reelin in the adult forebrain. IN-derived Reelin has been associated with schizophrenia and temporal lobe epilepsy; however, the functional role of Reelin from INs is presently unclear. In this study, we used conditional knockout mice, which lack Reelin expression specifically in inhibitory INs, leading to a substantial reduction in total Reelin expression in the neocortex and dentate gyrus. Our results show that IN-specific Reelin knockout mice exhibit normal neuronal layering and normal behavior, including spatial reference memory. Although INs are the major source of Reelin within the adult stem cell niche, Reelin from INs does not contribute substantially to normal adult neurogenesis. While a closer look at the dentate gyrus revealed some unexpected alterations at the cellular level, including an increase in the number of Reelin expressing CR cells, overall our data suggest that Reelin derived from INs is less critical for cortex development and function than Reelin expressed by CR cells.