bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Harmonic Sounds on a Depressive Episode with Depersonalization in Recurrent Depressive Disorder
Authors:   Yaroslavl State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Grigorieva E.A. ,   Yaroslavl, Russian Federation, Dyakonov A.L. ,   Yaroslavl State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; Yaroslavl, Russian Federation
Published: August 2021

Study Objective: To attempt to impair steady pathological condition (depression with depersonalization) with harmonic sounds in order to potentially reduce or eliminate both depression and depersonalization. Study Design: descriptive study, clinical and physiological study. Materials and Methods. We examined 31 patients aged 18 to 40 years (mean age: 29.3 ± 1.2 years) with a depressive episode in recurrent depressive disorder. All patients had background electroencephalogram (EEG) (16 channels) recorded. Then, EEGs were subjected to spectral analysis using Brainlog, which identified maximum extremes (with the amplitude exceeding adjacent harmonic frequencies) and minimum extremes (with the amplitude lower than adjacent harmonic frequencies). Clinical condition of patients was assessed following each piece of sounds (using subjective feelings). Hamilton depression scale was filled out before first sounds and after the session (4–6 sound pieces). Each patient had 5 to 15 sound exposure sessions. Study Results. A stable result after 15 sessions of harmonic sounds was absent in 9 (29.03%) cases. 5 (16.13%) subjects had complete remission with depersonalization reduction after harmonic sound exposure, that did not recur during 6-month follow-up. Partial remission was recorded in 17 (54.84%) individuals. During the 6-month follow-up, only one patient with asthenic remission did not have any antirelapse treatment. The other 16 subjects had anti-relapse treatment. Complete remission with elimination of depersonalization was recorded in 4 cases; 10 other observations demonstrated fluctuating depressive symptoms. Bad mood could cause depersonalization, but it was less marked. Stable depersonalization disorders, independent of depressed mood, persisted only in 2 individuals. Conclusion. Exposure to harmonic sounds in accordance with minimum and maximum extremes (repetition factor 2n) results in reduction or complete disappearance of depression with depersonalization in 70.97% of cases. The recorded reorganisation of amplitude-frequency fluctuations and all EEG rhythm intensity facilitate impairment of stable pathological associations in brain. Keywords: depression, depersonalization, harmonic sound.
Clinical and Social Characteristics of Patients with Schizophrenia and Organic Mental Conditions Who Committed a Repeated Socially Dangerous Act
Authors:   Voronezh Regional Clinical Psychoneurological Dispensary, Popov S.N. ,   Orlovka, Khokholsky district, Voronezh region, Russian Federation, Vinnikova I.N. ,   V.P. Serbsky National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Narcology (a Federal Government-funded Institution), Russian Federation Ministry of Health; Moscow, Russian Federation, Berezkin A.S. ,   Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (a Federal Government Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education); Moscow, Russian Federation,   Clinical Mental Hospital No. 5 of the Moscow Department of Health; Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: August 2021

Study Objective: To compare clinical and social characteristics of patients with schizophrenia and organic mental conditions who committed a repeated socially dangerous acts (SDAs), not only in order to compare, but also to identify specific SDA risk factors. Study Design: comparative study. Materials and Methods. The study included 86 schizophrenia patients (study group) and 45 patients with organic mental conditions who committed SDAs, were found insane and were forced to undergo various court-appointed therapies for 2 and more times. In this study, we used the clinical psychopathologic method with due account to psychopathology and clinical statistic method as the main methods. Study Results. Hereditary load study demonstrated that in the study group (А) 35 (40.7%) out of 86 patients had hereditary exogenous conditions (pi < 0.05), while in controls (B) 9 (20%) out of 45 patients had such conditions (pi < 0.01). The number of patients without hereditary load was comparable in both groups: 45 (52.3%) vs. 24 (53.3%), respectively. In schizophrenia patients, only 6 (7%) patients had confirmed hereditary endogenous conditions, while in comparison group (B) this value was 9 (20%). Combined hereditary load was recorded only in controls: 3 (6.6%) patients. Almost all patients in comparison group (B) did not have a place work (44 (97.8%); pi < 0.01), while in the study group (A) the unemployed made 44 (51.1%). During the study, 45 (52.3%) patients in group (A) had associated bad habits (alcohol and drug abuse); 14 (16.3%) patients had both alcohol and drug abuse. 23 comparison group (B) patients had various bad habits; combined abuses were recorded in 8 (17.8%) cases. Alcohol and drug abuse were not diagnosed in 20 (23.2%) patients in study group and in 4 (8.9%) patients in controls. Conclusion. Data analysis demonstrates the clinical-social factors are noted in study groups and affect criminal behaviour and a probability of repeated SDAs in the future (with identification of factors specific for each nosological factor group). We have also identified differences in risk factors of a repeated SDA between patients with organic mental disorders and schizophrenia. Keywords: schizophrenia, organic mental disorders, repeated socially dangerous acts.
Possibility of using recycled waste medical-glass as fine aggregate in normal-strength concrete
Authors: Dung Huynh Thi My , Hiep Huynh Van , Phuoc Huynh Trong
Published: August 2021

The possibility of using recycled waste medical-glass aggregate (RGA) as a fine aggregate in the production of normal-strength concrete was investigated in this study. The influence of RGA as crushed sand (CS) replacement at different levels (by volume) of 0 – 100% (an interval of 20%) on the engineering properties and durability of concrete was also studied. Results show that the replacement of CS by RGA insignificantly affected the workability and unit weight of fresh concrete mixtures. Besides, using RGA to replace 20 – 60% CS was beneficial in terms of compressive strength, drying shrinkage, and ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV). At these replacement levels, the dry density values were found to increase and the water absorption values were reduced as well. However, replacing CS with RGA up to 80% and 100% caused a reduction in compressive strength, dry density, and UPV and an increase in water absorption and drying shrinkage of concretes. Closed correlations among the above-mentioned concrete properties were also found in this study. All of the concrete samples obtained compressive strength values higher than the target strength (≥ 25 MPa) and they were classified as very good quality concretes with UPV values of above 4100 m/s. The experimental results demonstrate a high possibility of producing normal-strength concrete with a fine aggregate of RGA as either partially or fully replacement of CS. This also provides an environmentally-friendly solution for recycling waste medical glass in construction materials for sustainable development.
Method of assessing the reduction of solar heat on window surface shaded by continuous vertically slanted shading devices
Authors: Chan Tran Ngoc , Ha Pham Thi Hai , Luong Pham Van , Phuong Nguyen Thi Khanh
Published: August 2021

The research discusses calibration of the method used to calculate solar heat transfer through shaded windows with continuous vertical slanted shading devices (below is abbreviated as "vertical slanted fins") with any slant angle Θ through a radiation reduction coefficient - Kbt. In order to evaluate the reduction of solar heat on window surface shaded by shading devices, a designated coefficient β of solar heat gain reduction through glazed windows should be established. It is the ratio of the transmitted amount of solar heat (including direct and diffuse radiation) through windows with shading device QK to those without solar shading device QKo. The study also introduces two in-house software programs. These programs help calculating solar heat gain and coefficient β for vertically slanted fins with any slant angle θ for 16 window orientations. The results of this study will be applied to the implementation of the Vietnamese national code QCVN 09:2017/BXD towards energy efficiency in buildings.
Convergence in the procedural branches of law: prospects for judicial law and the criminal process
Authors: Sharipova Aliya R.
Published: August 2021

Differentiation of justice into several sectors, depending on the material and legal features of resolved cases, once became a natural consequence of the historical development of the legal system. However, an analysis of the procedural rules and institutions attributed by the legislator to different procedural branches gives reason to assert that there are much more similarities between different types of judicial activity than is commonly believed, differences do not always have objective grounds, and intersectoral procedural convergence once again updates the idea of judicial law, supported by the author.
Violencet theory of state’s origin (conquest theory) in the interdisciplinary studies
Authors: Yenikeev Arsen Z.
Published: August 2021

The article reveals the topic of violence theory of the origin of state (theory of conquest) in the human sciences framework, as well as the studies of modern interdisciplinary researches (including anthropology, archeology, genetics, ethology, etc.). It is shown that with the further development of the methodological and theoretical part, the conquest theory has a relevant contribution to the analysis of the state genesis.
DESAIN MODIFIKASI PERMAINAN TRADISIONAL SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF UNTUK PEMANASAN
Authors: Radik Riduan , Samodra Y Touvan Juni , Gustian Uray
Published: August 2021

Tujuan dari penelitian adalah pengembangan pemanasan dengan permainan tradisional bagi mahasiswa sebelum melakukan aktivitas olahraga. Metode yang digunakan adalah Reaserch and Development (RnD) dengan prosedur analisis potensi masalah, desain produk, validasi ahli, revisi desain dan uji coba. Subjek dalam penelitian adalah mahasiswa Pendidikan Kepelatihan Olahraga berjumlah 10 orang coba dari 7 putra dan 3 putri dengan rata-rata umur 20 tahun. Instrumennya menggunakan tes ukur denyut nadi dan angket. Teknik analisis yang menggunakan penghitungan statistik deskriptif. Hasil penilaian judge permainan pertama 98%, permainan kedua 98% dan permainan ketiga 98% yang artinya penilaian dari desain termasuk kategori “Sangat Layak” untuk diuji cobakan. Hasil dari penelitian uji coba kemahasiswa permaianan 1, permainan 2 dan pemainan 3 mendapat penilaian 64% meningkatkan denyut nadi kezona latihan dari 60% sampai 75%. Hal tersebut dapat dikatakan 100% permainan 1, permainan 2 dan permainan 3 berhasil meningkatkan denyut nadi.
Population, climate change, and global justice: a moral framework for debate
Authors: Cripps Elizabeth
Published: August 2021

This paper outlines a moral framework for the debate on global population policy. Questions of population, climate justice and global justice are morally inseparable and failure to address them as such has dangerous implications. Considerations of population lend additional urgency to existing collective duties to act on global poverty and climate change. Choice-providing procreative policies are a key part of that. However, even were we collectively to fulfil these duties, we would face morally hard choices over whether to introduce incentive-changing procreative policies. Thus, there is now no possible collective course of action which is not morally problematic.
call for conservation scientists to empirically study the effects of human population policies on biodiversity loss
Authors: Rust Niki , Kehoe Laura
Published: August 2021

The world is changing more quickly now than it ever has before, predominantly due to our large consumption rates and population size. Despite this epoch being well-accepted as the 'Anthropocene', it is surprising that there is still a lack of willingness by many conservation scientists to engage with the consequences of human population dynamics on biodiversity. We highlight the importance of addressing the effects of our population abundance, density and growth rate on conservation and note that environmental organisations are beginning to embrace this problem but the take-up amongst conservation researchers to empirically study their effect on biodiversity is slow. We argue that the lack of published research may partly be because the topic is still considered taboo. We therefore urge conservation scientists to direct more of their research efforts on this issue, particularly to examples that highlight the effects of Population, Health and Environment (PHE) projects and female education initiatives on biodiversity.
Steady State Economy at Optimal Population Size
Authors: Lianos Theodore
Published: August 2021

This paper reviews briefly the idea of a steady state economy from the ancient times to the present. It discusses some of the suggestions made by H. Daly in his model of a steady state economy and particularly the idea of a stable population. It suggests that population must be stable at a level that is compatible with ecological equilibrium. That level is about three billion people and therefore the world population must be reduced drastically. This can be achieved if each family is allowed to have less than two children. To achieve this reduction of population this paper proposes the creation of an international market for human reproduction rights.
Population effects of increase in world energy use and CO2 emissions: 1990–2019
Authors: Chaurasia Aalok
Published: August 2021

This paper analyses population effects of increase in world energy use and CO2 emissions between 1990–2019 following a decomposition framework with interaction effects. The analysis has also been carried out for the 44 countries which accounted for most of the increase in world energy use and CO2 emissions during 1990–2019. Population growth was found to have a significant effect on both the increase in energy use and CO2 emissions at the global level, although the contribution of population growth to these increases has varied widely across countries. There is a need for integrating population factors in the sustainable development processes, particularly efforts directed towards environmental sustainability.
Outside The City of Grace: appraising dystopia and global sustainability
Authors: Wadley David
Published: August 2021

'The City of Grace: An Urban Manifesto' (Wadley, 2020) models an ecotech settlement, aiming to achieve economic and social sustainability over a substantial period. The City is intended to be anti-dystopian and non-exclusive, with the possibility of replication in receptive settings. In this rejoinder to the book, the potential for dystopia attending population and sustainability issues in the outside world is appraised. Foundations are established in general systems, complexity and chaos theories, and an interpretation of procedural and substantive rationality. Two possible global failure modes are examined, one contained within the human sphere involving the future of capital and labour, and an external one founded in the familiar problematics of the human-environment nexus. Dilatory responses in advanced societies to these dilemmas are outlined. The subsequent prognosis regarding population and sustainability co-opts a meta-theory from environmental management to assess the viability of possible counterstrategies to dystopia although, in conclusion, its existence is instantiated.
Methodical approaches to the definition of monetary valuation of land
Authors: Mesel-Veseliak Viktor , Fedorov Mykola
Published: August 2021

The purpose of the article is to reveal the main methodological and methodical principles of the monetary valuation of agricultural land, which is widely used in the agricultural sector of the economy and needs to be improved, given the current changes. Research methods. The study is based on theoretical, methodological and methodical provisions for determining the criteria for land valuation as the main means of agricultural production, the formation of rental income on different quality soils and their location. Achieving this goal is ensured by the usage of modern general scientific methods and research techniques. Research results. Various methodological approaches to determine an indicator of normative monetary valuation of land were developed. The solution to this problem is seen in the application of an indicator of economic effect obtained from the usage of land plots of better quality, as well as their favourable location. The economic effect indicator is a differential rental income obtained in the production of grain (excluding corn). The assessment of the worst lands with no differential rental income is carried out on basis of an absolute rental income (absolute rent). Scientific novelty. Theoretical and methodological basics and methodical definition of the monetary valuation of agricultural lands were developed, according to which their monetary valuation in Ukraine was carried out. Practical significance. The study results are used in the regulation of land relations in agriculture through the improvement of tax, price, financial and credit mechanisms. They become especially important with the introduction of the land market. Tabl.: 1. Refs.: 16.
International Student Mobility and Turquality Perspective in Higher Education
Authors: KILINÇ Meriç , KURT Ali , ORTAÇ Fevzi Rifat
Published: August 2021

Purpose: Today, the phenomenon of globalization that directly affects the developments in the world is changing and transforming Higher Education. Internationalization in higher education is one of the critical areas that many countries take into account and develop policies. Increasing the number of international students makes a wide range of contributions to countries. Economic, social, political, academic, and cultural policies are the main factors affecting student mobility. In this study, it is aimed to evaluate the effect of the Turquality program on international student mobility.
Design/methodology/approach: In the study, data on international student mobility were evaluated.
Findings: The United States and the United Kingdom, where the higher education system is highly developed, have the highest share in this area, with the contribution of their native language being English. However, the recent anti-globalization developments in these countries have led to a change in the trend of international student mobility, enabling other countries to gain new opportunities. Turkey, with the effect of instability in the hinterland of the country, has achieved a significant rise in the number of international students in recent years.
Discussion: In this study, international student mobility that increases with globalization is analyzed; Turkey’s policy in this area and the opportunities provided by the Turquality project to the Higher Education sector are discussed.
Comparing Tuberculin Anergy Skin Test Reactions and Lymphoblastic Transformation in Medical Student
Authors:   Loghman-e Hakim Hospital, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Agin Khosrow , Ziaei Mojtaba ,   Loghman-e Hakim Hospital, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Mansouri Seid Davood ,   Loghman-e Hakim Hospital, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Published: August 2021

Background: Tuberculin Skin Test (TST) reaction is an accepted screening test for diagnosing acute and latent Tuberculosis (TB) infection among at-risk populations. It is performed with a standard Protein Purified Derivative (PPD) solution. The skin reaction of PPD is unreliable to distinguish natural infection from the Bacillus Calmette Guerin (BCG) effect. The present survey aimed to determine the prevalence of Tuberculin Anergy (TA) reactions among medical students. Accordingly, we evaluated its sensitivity, specificity, and efficiency by applying the Recall Panel Antigen Test (RPAT) and the Lymphoblastic Transformation Test (LTT). Methods: The participants were sequentially enrolled in this study according to the designed protocol. The current study was conducted on healthy medical students before registering for the hospital training course. All research subjects were healthy, having a cicatrix of Bacillus Calmette Guerin (BCG) vaccination on the arm, and at a young age (20-24 years). Results: In total, 180 medical students met the inclusion criteria of the study. The study subjects’ Mean±SD age was 22±3.07 years (male=89, female=91). Moreover, 75 (42%) subjects presented a TA reaction in the first step of TST screening. Furthermore, 13 (64%) individuals presented a negative result of the RPAT. The sensitivity and specificity of the TST reactions, compared with the LTT were 100% and 94.4 %, respectively. Conclusion: Significant TA reactions were found among medical students with positive cicatrix post-vaccinated. The obtained data suggested that the BCG protection for individuals may be decreased as time expired. Consequently, the medical students will especially be at high risk for TB infection during the clinical training course. The collected data highlighted the patient-safety from the viewpoint of forensic medicine.
Bidirectional Association Between COVID-19 and Mental Health Disorders: A Narrative Review
Authors:   Toxicological Research Center, Loghman-Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Talaie Haleh , Hosseini Sayed Masoud ,   Toxicological Research Center, Loghman-Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Nazari Maryam ,   Toxicological Research Center, Loghman-Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Nazemi Farzad ,   Psychiatrist, Loghman-Hakim Hospital Poison Center, Tehran, Iran.
Published: August 2021

Background: Fear, anxiety, and stress are natural reactions of the human body to unpredictable and potentially threatening conditions. Currently, individuals are encountering Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic; it is caused by a virulent, partially unknown pathogen with high transmissibility, recognized as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). It is conceivable to experience anxiety, stress, and subsequent mental health disorders during the pandemic. This narrative review provided a brief overview of mechanisms involved in COVID-19 and mental health disorders as well as the bidirectional association between them. Methods: Scientific electronic databases, such as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were thoroughly searched, based on different keywords in this study. Results: Lifestyle changes and isolation for breaking the chain of infection facilitate mental health disorders development more than before. Since the onset of the pandemic, the prevalence of mental health disorders has significantly increased. Moreover, studies suggested that the incidence of COVID-19 and the progression of the disease to a severe and life-threatening stage is higher in individuals with a history of mental health disorders. Inflammation is caused by, also may cause mental health disorders. Besides, COVID-19 is associated with cytokine storm and subsequent inflammation. Conclusion: There seems to be a bidirectional association between COVID-19 and mental health disorders, in which inflammation acts as an adaptor.
Crisis política e inadecuación del estado para enfrentar los desafíos del desarrollo regional
Authors: Weil Parodi Jorge
Published: August 2021

En Chile, se ha iniciado en la última década, una crisis política que integra dimensiones sociales, culturales, económicas y ambientales sin parangón en los últimos 30 años. Ello no es más que el resultado de variables convergentes que la constituyen con estímulos provenientes de la globalización de las relaciones internacionales y otras de naturaleza interna relacionadas con el agotamiento del modelo de negocios y del desarrollo político y social implementado. La crisis de la formación social chilena se expresa en el actuar de los movimientos sociales y ciudadanos que cuestionan el orden establecido demandando un cambio de la constitución política y leyes orgánicas constitucionales, término del sistema de las AFP y la conformación de un nuevo sistema previsional, reforma de la salud privada y el mejoramiento sustancial de la salud pública, así como el término de la mercantilización extrema de la educación y la precariedad laboral. Ello es signo de un agotamiento del modelo político y económico al interior de un marco general, en el cual, el centralismo renta sobre las espaldas de los territorios con una desigual distribución de la riqueza sustentado en un sistema presidencialista que favorece arbitrariamente a la región metropolitana. La reforma del Estado requiere transferir competencias y recursos materiales para la democratización espacial del país y abrir paso a la conformación de Estados regionales autónomos que se aboquen a la integración de sus territorios, a la instauración de una democracia plena y a la satisfacción de las necesidades humanas locales.Este estudio se pregunta por las causas y la naturaleza de la crisis política por la cual atraviesa el país. Como hipótesis; establece que el ascenso de los movimientos sociales obedece a las reivindicaciones que no han sido satisfechas por el Estado y la gestión gubernamental. Concluye que la causa de esta crisis, está enraizada en el cuestionamiento general a la naturaleza de la Constitución, al rol centralizado del Estado y a la incapacidad de la élite política de asumir las transformaciones estructurales necesarias y suficientes desde el interior del parlamento. Por ello, delinea propuestas para el establecimiento de un nuevo sistema político que integre la democracia social vinculante y y la creación de Estados regionales autónomos que aborden la tarea del desarrollo integral.
Cambios y continuidades en los procesos de salud tradicional en familias Mapuche-Williche de Huilma. Territorio de Río Negro
Authors: Bermedo Muñoz Sergio , Tereucán Angulo Julio César
Published: August 2021

Objetivo: El artículo analiza los procesos de salud Mapuche – Williche del sector de Huilma, comuna de Río Negro. Se focaliza en los significados, prácticas y cambios de la salud ancestral de las familias Mapuche-Williche con relación al sistema biomédico, las prácticas interculturales en salud y los procesos socio-históricos que inciden o incidieron en la pérdida y/o mantención de prácticas de salud indígena en el contexto de estudio.Materiales y Método: Investigación cualitativa, basada en un diseño de estudio de caso único. La información proviene de las experiencias y narrativas de familias y agentes de la Medicina Mapuche-Williche, utilizándose las técnicas de observación participante, entrevista en profundidad y grupos de discusión y para interpretación de los datos el análisis de contenido. Resultados: En contextos de pluralismo médico y de transformaciones socioculturales se han resignificado las prácticas tradicionales para la autogestión en salud con medicina Mapuche-Williche.Conclusiones: La continuidad y los cambios en las prácticas de la medicina tradicional han estado determinadas por el proceso de colonización, el contacto interétnico y por la relación hegemónica epistémica establecida por el modelo biomédico.
НОРМАТИВНЕ РЕГУЛЮВАННЯ ПРАВОВОЇ ОСВІТИ У ВИЩИХ ВІЙСЬКОВИХ НАВЧАЛЬНИХ ЗАКЛАДАХ СРСР ТА НЕЗАЛЕЖНОЇ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: Черниш Наталія
Published: August 2021

Актуальність: дослідження нормативних засад правової освіти військовослужбовців дає змогу оцінити вплив на неї державної освітньої політики, сприяє критичному осмисленню та подальшому вдосконаленню системи правової освіти в процесі її реформування.
Мета: виявити й охарактеризувати особливості регламентації правової освіти майбутніх офіцерів у вищих військових навчальних закладах (далі – ВВНЗ) України у ХХ та на початку ХХІ століть (1943-2015); порівняти нормативні засади правової освіти у вищих військових навчальних закладах СРСР та незалежної України.
Методи: історико-генетичний (з’ясування передумов і чинників розвитку правової освіти у вищих військових навчальних закладах України досліджуваного періоду); хронологічний, логіко-історичний (дослідження процесу та етапів розвитку правової освіти у вищих військових навчальних закладах, виявлення особливостей, суперечностей, закономірностей у просторово-часовій послідовності); порівняльно-аналітичний, зіставно-педагогічний (аналіз нормативно-правової бази означеного періоду, періодичних видань, досвіду здійснення правової освіти у вищих військових навчальних закладах).
Результати: проаналізовано нормативні засади здійснення правової освіти майбутніх офіцерів Збройних Сил СРСР та незалежної України, встановлено особливості її регламентації на різних історичних етапах.
Висновки: З’ясовано, що протягом досліджуваного періоду розвиток правової освіти офіцерів у ВВНЗ мав три основні етапи: перший (1943-1975) характеризується оновленням нормативної бази Збройних сил СРСР з урахуванням бойового досвіду, розвитку озброєння та змін у світовій геополітичній обстановці; другий (1975-1991), під час якого нормативне регулювання правової освіти в галузі розвивалося в умовах наростання системної кризи СРСР; третій (1991-2015), за якого відбувалися становлення й розбудова системи військової освіти незалежної України. Попри те, що сучасна система військової освіти незалежної України є наступницею радянської, між ними існують суттєві відмінності, пов’язані із набуттям Україною статусу суверенної держави (прийняття нею відповідних зобов’язань, як повноправного учасника міжнародних відносин, зокрема, щодо забезпечення прав людини у мирний та воєнний час), орієнтацією на захист інтересів власного народу (замість геополітичних амбіцій наддержави), інтеграцією в оновлену національну систему освіти (зокрема, щодо забезпечення її якості). Усе перелічене, зі свого боку, позначалося на баченні завдань правової освіти офіцерів у ВВНЗ, і, як наслідок на її нормативних засадах.
PROBIOTIC FEED ADDITIVES - PERSPECTIVES OF RATIONAL FEEDING OF CALVES
Authors: Lytvynenko V. M. , Yukhymchuk N. I N. I.
Published: August 2021

To improve the adaptation of the pancreatic microflora to changes in the diets of calves and for the rational use of feed, in intensive cultivation, it is desirable to change the composition of feed probiotic supplements according to the age of the animals.
Each age group of calves responds differently to live weight gain on probiotic feed additives. Feed supplement Immunobacterin-D containing Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis has a positive effect on natural resistance, increases the average daily gain and has a preventive effect on diseases of the digestive tract of calves. But for 2 months of continuous feeding can cause suppression of natural resistance of some animals. When baker's yeast is added to the feed additive (B. subtilis, B. licheniformis 1 × 1010 CFU / g, Sascharomyces cerevisiae 1 × 109 CFU / g), the dry form of the product makes it possible to feed it with compound feed. The use of immunobacterin-D with yeast in 3-month-old calves in experimental animals in the clinical examination for fatness and coat condition looked better. Calves of the experimental group during this period added in increments of 276 g in the previous month, the arithmetic mean of the average daily gain of live weight was 820 ± 180 g, and in the current 1096 ± 90 g, which indicates a positive effect of yeast (especially live) on the productivity of calves at this age.
For studies on heifers in a farm with lower average daily gains in live weight, we received a smaller percentage increase in gains with the use of feed probiotic supplement Immunobacterin-D with baker's yeast. When adding to the feed additives at a dose of 40 g and 20 g to heifers 350–400 kg live weight of the animal had an average daily gain of live weight in the first group of 500 ± 17 g, in the second 440 ± 30 g, and in the control 414 ± 12 g, which is 20.8 and 6.3 % more than in the control group. The use of yeast in feed additives confirms the pattern of increasing the percentage of additional average daily gain. That is, with higher average daily gains, we get a higher percentage of additional growth from feeding a probiotic feed additive containing baker's yeast.
PROTEIN COMPOSITION AND NUTRITIONAL MILK VALUE OF COWS OF UKRAINIAN BLACK-AND-WHITE DAIRY BREED WITH DIFFERENT GENOTYPES OF CAPA-CASEIN (CSN3)
Authors: Polieva I. , Korkh I.
Published: August 2021

The article presents the results of studies of protein composition and nutritional milk value of Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy cows with different genotypes of kappa-casein. It was found that the milk of cows with the BB genotype contained more total protein by 0.41 and 0.28 %, the mass fraction of protein (Pro Total) – by 0.37 and 0.25 %, with a probable advantage over the protein content (casein) – by 0.46 and 0.29 % (p≤0.001) and the total amount of casein and globulin – by 0.39 and 0.27 % (p≤0.001) against analogs with genotypes AA and AB.
There are differences in the chemical composition and physicochemical properties of milk. In particular, the difference in mass fractions of lactose and dry matter in milk between cows with the genotype BB and AA and AB was respectively 0.16 % (p≤0.001) and 0.11 % (p≤0.01) and 0.64 % (p≤0.001) and 0.37 % (p≤0.01). No less valuable in terms of mass fraction of dry matter was the milk of cows with genotype AB, in which the growth of this indicator against animals with genotype AA was at the level of 0.28 % with a statistically significant difference between them (p≤0.01). Freezing point and density as marker criteria that characterizing the presence of falsification were practically unchanged and did not exceed the permissible norms and amounted to 0.551–0.553 °С and 1028.04–1028.45 kg/m3. The content of somatic cells in the milk of cows of different genotypes of kappa-casein was within the permissible level according to the state standard, which indicates the absence of mastitis. Cows with genotype AA had an increased level of titrated acidity and concentration of free hydrogen ions (p≤0.01 – p≤0.001) against analogs with genotypes AB and BB. However, in general, the hydrogen pH of the milk of cows of all groups had a weakly acidic environment, the values of which ranged from 6.66 units. pH in cows with genotype BB up to 6.71 units. pH – in animals with genotype AA.
THE LEVEL OF DISCRETION OF REPRODUCTIVE QUALITIES AND THEIR CORRELATION RELATIONS IN SOWS OF DIFFERENT INTERBREED DIFFERENTIATION ACCORDING TO SOME EVALUATION INDEXES
Authors: Khalak V. I. , Gutyj B. V. , Korkh I. V.
Published: August 2021

The article presents the results of studies of reproductive qualities of sows of different classes of distribution according to some evaluation indexes, the level of their discreteness and correlation. The study was conducted in agricultural enterprises of the Dnipropetrovsk region and the laboratory of animal husbandry of the State Institution «Institute of Grain Crops of NAAS of Ukraine». The work was performed according to the research program of NAAS №30 «Pigbreeding».
Evaluation of sows for reproductive qualities was carried out taking into account the following characteristics: fertility, goal; high fertility, kg, milk yield, kg; nest weight at the time of weaning at the age of 28 days, kg, safety, %. The level of discrete features of reproductive qualities was calculated by the method of V. V. Seromolot, S. I. Svyatchenko (1984), indexes of reproductive qualities (I) – by the method of M. D. Berezovsky (quoted by P. A. Vashchenko, 2019), IRQ – according to the method of I. P. Sheiko and others (2006), biometric processing of research results – according to the methods of G. F. Lakin (1990).
It is established that sows of the Large White breed of the controlled herd are characterized by high indicators of reproductive qualities. Taking into account the class of distribution of animals according to the index Berezovsky M. D. and the index of reproductive qualities of the sow (IRQ) a significant difference was found in fertility (4.1-4.2 goals), milk yield (23.5–23.7 kg) and nest weight at the time of weaning at the age of 28 days 25.2 kg). The discreteness factor (D) of reproductive traits in sows of the experimental groups ranged from 0.028 to 0.288. The number of significant correlation coefficients between the traits of reproductive qualities of sows and evaluation indices is equal to 90.00 %. The relationship between the index Berezovsky M. D. and the index of reproductive qualities of the sow (IRQ) is equal to 0.990 ± 0.0017 (tr=580.12; p<0.001). This indicates the effectiveness of their use in further breeding and breeding work with pigs of Large White breed. The use of sows of class M+ provides additional products at the level of +16.79–16.98 % or +421.06 -+416.35 UAH/head.
EVALUATION OF OXIDATIVE STRESS BIOMARKERS IN EQUINE ERYTHROCYTES AFTER IN VITRO TREATMENT WITH LEAF EXTRACT OF THYMUS PULEGIOIDES L. (LAMIACEAE)
Authors: Tkachenko H. , Kurhaluk N. , Honcharenko V. , Nachychko V. , Prokopiv A. , Aksonov Ie.
Published: August 2021

In line with our previous study, we continue to evaluate the antioxidant potential of four species and one interspecific hybrid of the Thymus genus sampled in the Western part of Ukraine on the equine erythrocyte model. Therefore, in the present study, the oxidative stress biomarkers [2-thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), carbonyl derivatives content of protein oxidative modification, total antioxidant capacity (TAC)], as well as HCl-induced hemolysis in the equine erythrocytes, was used for assessing the antioxidant activity of extract obtained from the leaves of Thymus pulegioides L. in dose 5 mg/mL. Leaves of Th. pulegioides were collected among grass nearby land parcels (Syvky village, Bilohirya district, Khmelnytsky region, Ukraine; N 50°02´02,8´´, E 26°14´13,9´´, 306 m a.s.l.). Equine erythrocyte aliquots were used in the study. For positive control (blank), phosphate buffer was used. After incubation of the mixture at 37°C for 60 mins with continuous stirring, samples were used for the biochemical assays. Results of the current study revealed that the extract obtained from leaves of Th. pulegioides (5 mg/mL) has a mild cytotoxic activity on the equine erythrocytes increasing the level of lipid peroxidation biomarker and hemolysis rate. The investigation also revealed that this extract exhibited hemolytic activity. These findings suggest the use of Th. pulegioides extract in dose 5 mg/mL as a source of prooxidant compounds and warrant further studies to evaluate their therapeutic potential. The aldehydic and ketonic derivatives level, as well as total antioxidant capacity, was non-significantly altered after in vitro incubation with an extract obtained from leaves of Th. pulegioides. Screening of Thymus species for other biological activities including antioxidant activities is essential and may be effective for searching the preventive agents in the pathogenesis of some diseases as well as prevention and treatment of some disorders in medicine and veterinary.
PRODUCTIVE AND REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF FIRST CALVING CROSSBRED COWS
Authors: Admin Oleksandr , Admina Natalia , Filipenko Irina
Published: August 2021

The article presents the results of studies of reproductive performance, safety and average daily milk yield of first-calf cows of the Ukrainian Red-and-White dairy breed, obtained from the Montbeliard and Holstein sire bulls in the SE "Gontarivka", Kharkiv region.
It was found that the weight at the first fertilization in heifers obtained from bulls of different breeds did not practically differ, and averaged 470 kg. At the same time, the age of the first insemination and calving of the daughters obtained from the Montbeliard bulls was significantly less than of the daughters obtained from the Holstein bulls, which indicates a greater intensity of growth of crossbred heifers.
The average daily milk yield of daughters of Montbeliard breed bulls for the first two months of lactation was 1.6 kg and 0.5 kg less than that of their counterparts. In the third month of lactation, the average daily milk yield of first calving cows obtained from Holstein bulls became 0.2 kg less than that of crossbred ones, and later this trend of the advantage in daily milk yield of the daughters of Holstein bulls continued.
For 8 months of lactation, the milk yield of the daughters of the Montbeliard bulls was slightly less by 201.4 kg than their peers. There were no significant differences in the content of fat, protein and the somatic cells count.
The Role of Fintech: Financial Inclusion in MSMEs (Case Study in Makassar City)
Authors: Rosyadah Khairina , Budiandriani Budiandriani , Hasrat Tasrik
Published: August 2021

The development of information technology which is supported by the rapid use of the internet has created several fintech that will make it easier for people to get digital financial services. The Financial Services Authority stated that the increase in national financial inclusion could be triggered by one factor, namely increased access to the use of fintech. The purpose of this study aimed to determine the role of fintech on financial inclusion in MSMEs in Makassar. The population in this study are MSMEs in Makassar with a sample of 335 informants. Researchers used primary data in the form of questionnaires that were distributed online and offline. Convenience sampling method is used in data collection in this type of quantitative research. Linear regression was used as an analytical technique. This study concluded that fintech has a positive effect on financial inclusion by 0,259.
ILT20 – an Upgraded Computer Program for Evaluation of Accelerated Leach Test Data of LLW in the Hungarian NPP Paks
Authors: Pátzay György , Nyőgér János , Zsille Ottó , Csurgai József , Feil Ferenc , Vass Gyula , Kátai Urbán Lajos , Dobor József
Published: August 2021

Computer Program ILT15 was earlier developed to accompany a new leach test for solidified radioactive waste forms in the Hungarian NPP Paks. The program was designed to be used as a tool for performing the calculations necessary to analyze leach test data, a modelling program to determine if diffusion is the operating leaching mechanism (and, if not, to indicate other possible mechanisms), and a means to make extrapolations using the diffusion models. The program uses computational algorithm of ASTM C1308 standard. Now we have developed another computational algorithm based on a Partial Differential Equation (PDE) of a cylindrical specimen, solved the PDE by a Crank-Nicolson Finite Difference Method (FDM) and calculated by integration the eluted amount of a given component in time. The new solution more accurate method was integrated into the existing ILT15 computer program and the resulting new ILT20 program is able to calculate the Incremental/Cumulative Fraction Leached IFL/CFL) either by ASTM or PDE numerical solution methods.ILT20 program is written in C++ in the Borland C++ Builder programming environment. A detailed description of application of this upgraded modelling computer program is given.
Experimental Investigation of Flood Energy Dissipation through Embankment Followed by Emergent Vegetation
Authors: Ahmed Afzal , Valyrakis Manousos , Razzaq Ghumman Abdul , Pasha Ghufran Ahmed , Farooq Rashid
Published: August 2021

The combination of hard (artificial) and soft (natural) solutions i.e., composite defense systems against flooding and tsunami opens a new window for engineering innovation for researchers nowadays. In this study, the experimental investigation of flood energy dissipation phenomena through composite defense systems comprising of embankment and rigid vegetation models in an open channel flume, is conducted. The flow regime through the composite defense system is classified in two main types, which are further subdivided in two sub-categories. Various combinations of embankment and vegetation and spacing between embankment and vegetation are analyzed. Against the selected range of initial Froude numbers, three different sizes of embankment models, three spacings between the embankment and vegetation (Ldv) and vegetated corridors of two different porosities (PR), are tested to examine the effect of these three parameters on the characteristics of the generated hydraulic jumps and flood energy dissipation within the defense system. It is found that embankment size and vegetation porosity have a greater impact on flood energy dissipation while the selected range of Ldv is less effective. Amongst the assessed composite flood defense systems, the maximum energy dissipation (55%) is observed for the combination of maximum embankment height and vegetation porosity (93%). For fixed combinations of embankment size and Ldv, the maximum increase of energy dissipation (18%) is found for decreasing vegetation porosity from 97% to 93%.
SCIENTIFIC COMPETENCIES: A MECHANISM TO FAVOUR THE INCLUSION OF WORKING MARKET PROFESSIONALS
Authors: Guzmán Alba , Oliveros Diana , Mendoza Mauricio
Published: August 2021

Institutions of Higher Education seek to instil in their students the scientific competencies throughout the guidance of different included courses in their curriculums. However, the assimilation of diverse methodologies evidence the lack of development of those scientific competencies necessary for professionals to be graduated and therefore required by the labour market. This research examines the research competencies of students of higher education sample (N=189) to determine their appreciation towards scientific competencies they consider to have developed in both their educational processes. The results prove the perception of subjects in respect to the development of interpersonal and intrapersonal skills, decision-making, problem-solving and acquisition of scientific competences, the basic ones; use of technology, appropriation of new knowledge, self-learning and search of information, specialized competences, drafting of reports, design of articles, presentations, development of degree works and definition of new projects. The application of ANOVA detects that there are significant differences according to the gender of subjects on competencies referred to the search of physical information where women stand out, and reading comprehension of documents in English where men stand out. Besides, it’s demonstrated that these competences contribute to students’ critical thinking. IES required to include research as mechanism to strengthen the education. Key words: scientific competences, higher education, research training, scientific competencies, labour market.
A LEARNING PROCESS BASED ON CONCEPTUAL CHANGE APPROACH TO FOSTER CONCEPTUAL CHANGE IN NEWTONIAN MECHANICS
Authors: Syuhendri Syuhendri
Published: August 2021

The purpose of this research was to investigate the effectiveness of conceptual change learning approach based on conceptual change model over traditional instruction on the improvement of physics education undergraduate students’ conceptual understanding in Newtonian mechanics. A quasi experimental research method with pre-test and post-test control group design was employed. The sample chosen based on purposive technique sampling comprising of 73 students was in two groups selected randomly each as experimental and control group. Predict-Observe-Explain-Apply (POEA) and using Conceptual Change Texts (CCT) strategies were implemented in the experimental group. The Force Concept Inventory (FCI) in Indonesian was used to collect data before and after treatments. The results show that the conceptual understandings of students who were taught using strategies under conceptual change approach was significantly better than those of the traditional approach. The research confirmed that only learning based on conceptual change model could improve learners’ Newtonian mechanics conceptual understanding. Key words: conceptual change approach, conceptual change texts, predict-observe-explain-apply, Newtonian mechanics.