bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Design of abnormal data detection system for protein gene library based on data mining technology
Authors: Liu Cuixia , Wang Yuwei
Published: December 2020

In view of the shortcomings of the current abnormal data detection system of the protein gene library, such as low detection rate and high error detection rate, the abnormal data detection system of the protein gene library based on data mining technology is designed. The protein gene enters the firewall module of the system, and enters the immune module when it does not match the firewall rules; the memory detector in the immune module presents the protein gene, if the memory detector does not match the protein gene, the mature detector presents the protein gene, if the mature detector does not match the protein gene, it is determined as the normal protein gene data package, if it matches, it is considered that The abnormal data of protein gene was processed by the collaborative stimulation module, and the control module controlled by C8051F060 chip to detect the abnormal data of protein gene library. The immune module generates new protein gene sequences through an immature detector, simulates the immune mechanism of protein gene through a mature detector module, and simulates the secondary response in the abnormal data detection system of protein gene library through memory detector. The system introduces data mining technology into the detection and uses a two-level dynamic optimization algorithm to calculate the ASG similarity value of protein gene secondary structure arrangement. According to this value, the abnormal data detection of the protein gene library is realized by randomly generating protein genes, negative selection, clone selection and copying memory cells through gene expression. The experimental results show that the system can quickly detect abnormal data of the protein gene library, ensure the detection efficiency, and the detection accuracy reaches 97.1%. The system can reduce the error rate of normal protein gene detection as an abnormal protein gene.
Biosynthesis and characterization with antimicrobial activity of TiO2 nanoparticles using probiotic Bifidobacterium bifidum
Authors: Hkeem Ibrahem Kawther , Ali Fattma A. , Abdulla Sorchee Sawsan M.
Published: December 2020

Bifidobacterium selectively colonizes the infants' intestinal tract, and the relevant coliform bacteria in adults are particularly beneficial because of their enhanced capability to prevent pathogens of gastro intestine by direct antimicrobial action and relieve infection, which led to their intensification, the antibacterial activities of titanium nanoparticles producing by some bacteria, makes them attractive as a new agent against pathogenic bacteria. In our present study, we used a probiotic bacteria Bifidobacterium bifidum which was isolated from the commercial market capsule to produce TiO2 nanoparticles and study the biologically characterized nanoparticle using various techniques like Scanning Electron Microscopic (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and study its antimicrobial activity against a bacteria isolated from the stool of patients suffering from acute diarrhea. The results showed that the morphological characteristics of nanoparticles were found to have a spherical shape and mean size of 81 nm by AFM while scanning electron microscope viewed as an oval shape with anatase form synthesized by B. bifidum. TiO2-NP synthesized by B. bifidum had an inhibitory effect against P. aeruginosa, A. baumanii, K. pneumonia at a concentration 16 mg/ml and 32 mg/ml towards E. coli and S. typhi, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against pathogenic bacteria isolated from acute diarrhea included Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumanii, Klebsiella pneumonia, E.coli and salmonella typhi was utilized to determine the antibacterial impact of the synthesized TIO2 nanoparticles. Our biologically synthesized titanium nanoparticles were effective against all the tested pathogenic bacteria at various degrees and had a probable role in significantly greater antimicrobial efficacy against all isolates under study. This trial may have considerable significance for the prevention of antibiotic resistance associated diarrhea in hospitals.
A comprehensive review of histopathological findings of infections induced by COVID-19
Authors: Balaky Salah Tofik Jalal , Zaki Abdullah Sahar Mohammed , Alexander Markov , Maashi Marwah Suliman , Alkaim Ayad F. , Shahriyari Sara , Tabari Fariba , Kazemi Elham
Published: December 2020

The severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-Coronavirus (CoV2) virus, first identified in Wuhan, China, caused the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) which soon became a global pandemic, as labelled by the World Health Organization (WHO). The transmission method of the infection is primarily through droplets of various sizes. The SARS-CoV2 virus leads to a severe respiratory illness which in the first place causes the simulation of the acute respiratory syndrome. In order to diagnose of COVID-19 efficiently, samples with infection probability need to be examined through histopathological methods. Survival chances of the infected can remarkably increase if the virus is diagnosed timely by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) or computed tomography (CT) scan of the chest. One of the destructive effects of COVID-19 is the formation of ground-glass opacity (GGO) in the lungs which might be regarded to be equivalent to high-altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE). COVID-19 acts very similarly to SARS and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) which can be inactivated by the chemical compounds of ethanol and sodium hypochlorite. Epidemiologic characteristics of COVID-19 have been indicated by numerous studies; however, there is still a lack of details of pathologic changes in the lung. The present comprehensive review is an attempt to assess and cover the current state of knowledge on COVID-19 disease based on the histopathologic studies conducted before May 2020.
Analysis of topological properties and drug discovery for bipolar disorder and associated diseases: A bioinformatics approach
Authors: Shadhin Khairul Alam , Hasan Md. Rakibul , Paul Bikash Kumar , Ahmed Kawsar , Moni Mohammad Ali , Kahrizi Danial , Bhuyian Touhid , Ibrahim Sobhy M.
Published: December 2020

With the advancement and development of sophisticated bioinformatics tools, the area of computational bioinformatics and systems biology analysis is expanding day by day. The bipolar or manic-depressive disorder might be characterized as one of the most crippling mental problems that affect the people of early age and grown-ups. The objective of the present study was to investigate the association between genetic mutations in the four above listed diseases and to create a Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network or common pathways. Firstly, we need to find out the genetic relationship between them. Thus it will help us to understand the genetic association between them and help to develop the drug design for all the diseases. Genes responsible for these diseases are gathered, pre-processed, processed and mining using python scripts. This exploration is expected to carry out further measurements in the field of drug structure and also contributes to the biological and biomedical sectors.
Diagnostic value of cfDNA and long fragment DNA in patients with breast cancer
Authors: Xu Haiyan , Liu Guirong
Published: December 2020

To investigate the diagnostic value of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) and long fragment DNA in breast cancer patients.Female patients with breast cancer (n = 80) were recruited over one year for this study, and served as an observation group. The control group consisted of 50 normal, healthy females. Plasma levels of cfDNA and long fragment DNA were determined a day before treatment, 7 days after treatment, and on the 20th day of treatment. The levels of cfDNA and long fragment DNA in breast cancer patients before treatment were significantly higher than those of the control group (p<0.05). Patients cfDNA and long fragment DNA levels 7 days after treatment were not significantly different from the corresponding values at 1 day before treatment (p>0.05), but they decreased significantly on the 20th day of treatment, when compared with levels before treatment (p<0.05). Before treatment, the optimal cut-off point for cfDNA in patients' peripheral blood, sensitivity, specificity and accuracy were 12.25ng/mL, 79.12%, 86.15%, and 73.32%, respectively. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) was 0.865 (95% CI = 0.754-0.903). Close monitoring of cfDNA levels in peripheral blood of breast cancer patients in real-time can be used for early diagnosis of the disease.
Fibrillin 2 gene knockdown inhibits invasion and migration of lung cancer cells
Authors: Hong Qiaojun , Li Rong , Zhang Yiyan , Gu Kangsheng
Published: December 2020

To investigate the effect of Fibrillin 2 (FBN2) expression on the invasion and migration of lung cancer cells, and the underlying mechanism. Protein and mRNA expressions of FBN2 were assayed. The relationship between FBN2 protein expression and clinical characteristics of lung cancer patients was analyzed. Correlation between FBN2 expression level and patient survival time was analyzed. Moreover, the mRNA and protein expression of FBN2 in lung cancer cells and human normal lung epithelial cells were assayed. After constructing low-expressing FBN2 cells, the cell proliferation, clone formation, migration and invasion capabilities were tested. Lung cancer cells proliferation with low FBN2 expression in nude mice was measured with a nude mouse tumorigenic experiment. The mRNA and protein expressions of FBN2 in lung cancer tissues were significantly higher than those in para-cancerous tissues (p<0.05).  FBN2 protein expression was significantly correlated with TNM stage, lymph node metastasis and histological type (p<0.05). Survival time was markedly reduced in patients with high FBN2 expression (p<0.001). The expressions of FBN2 mRNA and protein were markedly higher in lung cancer cells than in human normal lung epithelial cells. The proliferation, migration and invasion of lung cancer cells were significantly inhibited by FBN2 knockdown. The FBN2 knockdown significantly inhibited the protein expressions of p-FAK, p-MEK and p-ERK. FBN2 is highly expressed in lung cancer tissues, and as an oncogene, it affects the pathogenesis of lung cancer. The knockdown of the expression of FBN2 significantly inhibits the proliferation, invasion and migration abilities of lung cancer cells.
Effects of miR-7 on Hcy-induced rat cerebral arterial vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation, migration and inflammatory factor expression by targeting MMP-14 to regulate TLR4/NF-ÎºB signaling pathway
Authors: Ma Hongdan , Wang Lei , Lv Wen , Lv Zheng
Published: December 2020

The current research aimed to investigate the effect of miR-7 targeting matrix metalloproteinase 14 (MMP-14) on homocysteine (Hcy)-induced rat cerebral artery vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) proliferation, migration and inflammatory factor expression and its possible mechanism. The expression of miR-7 and MMP-14 in Hcy-induced VSMCs were detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and Western blot. Methyl Thiazolyl Tetrazolium (MTT) method, Transwell assays and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were performed to detect the effect of miR-7 and MMP-14 expression on the proliferation and migration, as well as interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor É‘ (TNF-É‘) expression of Hcy-induced VSMCs. The interaction between miR-7 and MMP-14 was detected by dual-luciferase reporter gene assay. Western blot was applied to analyse the effects of miR-7 and MMP-14 expression on the Toll-like receptor (TLR4)/nuclear transcription factor-KB (NF-ÎºB) signaling pathway. The results showed that after induced by Hcy, the expression of miR-7 in VSMCs was significantly reduced, the expression of MMP-14 was significantly increased, and the cell viability, the number of migrating cells, IL-6 and TNF-É‘ expression were significantly increased (P<0.05). After overexpression of miR-7, the viability, migration cell numbers, IL-6 and TNF-É‘ expression of Hcy-induced VSMCs were significantly reduced (P<0.05). miR-7 directly binds to MMP-14 and negatively regulates the expression of MMP-14. After overexpression of miR-7, the levels of TLR4 and p-NF-ÎºB p65 in VSMCs were significantly reduced (P<0.05); overexpression of MMP-14 could reduce the effect of miR-7 overexpression on TLR4 and p-NF-ÎºB p65 expression in VSMCs (P<0.05). Overexpression of MMP-14 and/or activation of the TLR4/NF-ÎºB signaling pathway could reverse the effect of miR-7 overexpression on the proliferation, migration and IL-6 and TNF-É‘ expression of Hcy-induced VSMCs (P<0.05). It is concluded that miR-7 can inhibit Hcy-induced rat cerebral artery VSMCs proliferation, migration, and inflammatory factor expression by targeting the regulation of MMP-14 expression and inhibiting the activation of the TLR4/NF-ÎºB signaling pathway.
Active Transition of Fear Memory Phase from Reconsolidation to Extinction through ERK-Mediated Prevention of Reconsolidation
Authors: Fukushima Hotaka , Zhang Yue , Kida Satoshi
Published: December 2020

The retrieval of fear memory induces two opposite memory process, i.e., reconsolidation and extinction. Brief retrieval induces reconsolidation to maintain or enhance fear memory, while prolonged retrieval extinguishes this memory. Although the mechanisms of reconsolidation and extinction have been investigated, it remains unknown how fear memory phases are switched from reconsolidation to extinction during memory retrieval. Here, we show that an extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)-dependent memory transition process after retrieval regulates the switch of memory phases from reconsolidation to extinction by preventing induction of reconsolidation in an inhibitory avoidance (IA) task in male mice. First, the transition memory phase, which cancels the induction of reconsolidation, but is insufficient for the acquisition of extinction, was identified after reconsolidation, but before extinction phases. Second, the reconsolidation, transition, and extinction phases after memory retrieval showed distinct molecular and cellular signatures through cAMP responsive element binding protein (CREB) and ERK phosphorylation in the amygdala, hippocampus, and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). The reconsolidation phase showed increased CREB phosphorylation, while the extinction phase displayed several neural populations with various combinations of CREB and/or ERK phosphorylation, in these brain regions. Interestingly, the three memory phases, including the transition phase, showed transient ERK activation immediately after retrieval. Most importantly, the blockade of ERK in the amygdala, hippocampus, or mPFC at the transition memory phase disinhibited reconsolidation-induced enhancement of IA memory. These observations suggest that the ERK-signaling pathway actively regulates the transition of memory phase from reconsolidation to extinction and this process functions as a switch that cancels reconsolidation of fear memory.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTRetrieval of fear memory induces two opposite memory process; reconsolidation and extinction. Reconsolidation maintains/enhances fear memory, while extinction weakens fear memory. It remains unknown how memory phases are switched from reconsolidation to extinction during retrieval. Here, we identified an active memory transition process functioning as a switch that inhibits reconsolidation. This memory transition phase showed a transient increase of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) phosphorylation in the amygdala, hippocampus and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). Interestingly, inhibition of ERK in these regions at the transition phase disinhibited the reconsolidation-mediated enhancement of inhibitory avoidance (IA) memory. These findings suggest that the transition memory process actively regulates the switch of fear memory phases of fear memory by preventing induction of reconsolidation through the activation of the ERK-signaling pathway.
Chondroitinase and Antidepressants Promote Plasticity by Releasing TRKB from Dephosphorylating Control of PTPσ in Parvalbumin Neurons
Authors: Lesnikova Angelina , Casarotto Plinio Cabrera , Fred Senem Merve , Voipio Mikko , Winkel Frederike , Steinzeig Anna , Antila Hanna , Umemori Juzoh , Biojone Caroline , Castrén Eero
Published: December 2020

Perineuronal nets (PNNs) are an extracellular matrix structure rich in chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs), which preferentially encase parvalbumin-containing (PV+) interneurons. PNNs restrict cortical network plasticity but the molecular mechanisms involved are unclear. We found that reactivation of ocular dominance plasticity in the adult visual cortex induced by chondroitinase ABC (chABC)-mediated PNN removal requires intact signaling by the neurotrophin receptor TRKB in PV+neurons. Additionally, we demonstrate that chABC increases TRKB phosphorylation (pTRKB), while PNN component aggrecan attenuates brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)-induced pTRKB in cortical neurons in culture. We further found that protein tyrosine phosphatase σ (PTPσ, PTPRS), receptor for CSPGs, interacts with TRKB and restricts TRKB phosphorylation. PTPσ deletion increases phosphorylation of TRKBin vitroandin vivoin male and female mice, and juvenile-like plasticity is retained in the visual cortex of adult PTPσ-deficient mice (PTPσ+/−). The antidepressant drug fluoxetine, which is known to promote TRKB phosphorylation and reopen critical period-like plasticity in the adult brain, disrupts the interaction between TRKB and PTPσ by binding to the transmembrane domain of TRKB. We propose that both chABC and fluoxetine reopen critical period-like plasticity in the adult visual cortex by promoting TRKB signaling in PV+neurons through inhibition of TRKB dephosphorylation by the PTPσ-CSPG complex.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTCritical period-like plasticity can be reactivated in the adult visual cortex through disruption of perineuronal nets (PNNs) by chondroitinase treatment, or by chronic antidepressant treatment. We now show that the effects of both chondroitinase and fluoxetine are mediated by the neurotrophin receptor TRKB in parvalbumin-containing (PV+) interneurons. We found that chondroitinase-induced visual cortical plasticity is dependent on TRKB in PV+neurons. Protein tyrosine phosphatase σ (PTPσ, PTPRS), a receptor for PNNs, interacts with TRKB and inhibits its phosphorylation, and chondroitinase treatment or deletion of PTPσ increases TRKB phosphorylation. Antidepressant fluoxetine disrupts the interaction between TRKB and PTPσ, thereby increasing TRKB phosphorylation. Thus, juvenile-like plasticity induced by both chondroitinase and antidepressant treatment is mediated by TRKB activation in PV+interneurons.
Oleuropein alleviates gestational diabetes mellitus by activating AMPK signaling
Authors: Zhang Zhiwei , Zhao Hui , Wang Aixia
Published: December 2020

Background

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has a high incidence rate among pregnant women. The objective of the study was to assess the effect of plant-derived oleuropein in attenuating inflammatory and oxidative stress of GDM.

Methods

Oleuropein was administered to GDM mice at the doses of 5 or 10 mg/kg/day. Body weight, blood glucose, insulin and hepatic glycogen levels were recorded. To evaluate the effect of oleuropein in reducing oxidative stress, ELISA was used to measure the hepatic oxidative stress markers. The inflammation levels of GDM mice were evaluated by measuring serum levels of IL-6 and TNF-α by ELISA and mRNA levels of IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6 by real-time PCR (RT-PCR). The AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway was assessed by Western blot. Gestational outcome was analyzed through comparing litter size and birth weight.

Results

Oleuropein attenuated the elevated body weight of GDM mice and efficiently reduced blood glucose, insulin and hepatic glycogen levels. Oxidative stress and inflammation were alleviated by oleuropein treatment. The AMPK signaling was activated by oleuropein in GDM mice. Gestational outcome was markedly improved by oleuropein treatment.

Conclusions

Our study suggests that oleuropein is effective in alleviating symptoms of GDM and improving gestational outcome in the mouse model. This effect is achieved by attenuating oxidative stress and inflammation, which is mediated by the activation of the AMPK signaling pathway.
Gene expression profile in metastatic and non-metastatic parathyroid carcinoma
Authors: Condello Vincenzo , Cetani Filomena , Denaro Maria , Torregrossa Liborio , Pardi Elena , Piaggi Paolo , Borsari Simona , Poma Anello Marcello , Muscarella Lucia Anna , Graziano Paolo , Chiofalo Maria Grazia , Repaci Andrea , Tallini Giovanni , Boi Francesco , Materazzi Gabriele , Basolo Fulvio , Marcocci Claudio
Published: December 2020

Parathyroid carcinoma (PC) is one of the rarest and aggressive malignancies of the endocrine system. In some instances, the histological diagnosis remains uncertain unless there is evidence of gross local invasion or secondary spread. The identification of molecular markers could improve the diagnostic accuracy of these lesions. The expression of 740 genes involved in the tumor progression processes was assessed in 8 parathyroid adenomas (PAs), 17 non-metastatic and 10 metastatic PCs using NanoString technology. Clustering analysis and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) were interrogated to compare the gene expression profiles among the three analyzed groups and to evaluate the potential role of differentially expressed genes, respectively. The 103 differentially expressed genes between metastatic PCs and PAs are able to discriminate perfectly the two groups from a molecular point of view. The molecular signatures identified in non-metastatic PCs vs PAs and in metastatic PCs vs non-metastatic PCs comparisons, although with some exceptions, seem to be histotype-specific IPA reveals that hepatic fibrosis/hepatic stellate cell activation and GP6 signaling pathway are involved in malignant behavior of parathyroid tumors, whereas the activation of the HOTAIR regulatory pathway are involved in the metastatization process. Our investigation identified differentially expressed genes in non-metastatic PCs mainly encoding ECM proteins and in metastatic PCs driving endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition or encoding mediators of angiogenesis. The identified genes might be promising molecular markers potentially useful in the clinical practice for the early diagnosis and prognosis of PC.
FGF23 signalling and physiology
Authors: Ho Bryan B , Bergwitz Clemens
Published: December 2020

Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) is a phosphotropic hormone that belongs to a subfamily of endocrine FGFs with evolutionarily conserved functions in worms and fruit flies. FAM20C phosphorylates FGF23 post-translationally, targeting it to proteolysis through subtilisin-like proprotein convertase FURIN, resulting in secretion of FGF23 fragments. O-glycosylation of FGF23 through GALNT3 appears to prevent proteolysis, resulting in secretion of biologically active intact FGF23. In the circulation, FGF23 may undergo further processing by plasminogen activators. Crystal structures show that the ectodomain of the cognate FGF23 receptor FGFR1c binds with the ectodomain of the co-receptor alpha-KLOTHO. The KLOTHO-FGFR1c double heterodimer creates a high-affinity binding site for the FGF23 C-terminus. The topology of FGF23 deviates from that of paracrine FGFs, resulting in poor affinity for heparan sulphate, which may explain why FGF23 diffuses freely in the bone matrix to enter the bloodstream following its secretion by cells of osteoblastic lineage. Intact FGF23 signalling by this canonical pathway activates FRS2/RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK1/2. It reduces serum phosphate by inhibiting 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D synthesis, suppressing intestinal phosphate absorption, and by downregulating the transporters NPT2a and NPT2c, suppressing phosphate reabsorption in the proximal tubules. The physiological role of FGF23 fragments, which may be inhibitory, remains unclear. Pharmacological and genetic activation of canonical FGF23 signalling causes hypophosphatemic disorders, while its inhibition results in hyperphosphatemic disorders. Non-canonical FGF23 signalling through binding and activation of FGFR3/FGFR4/calcineurin/NFAT in an alpha-KLOTHO-independent fashion mainly occurs at extremely elevated circulating FGF23 levels and may contribute to mortality due to cardiovascular disease and left ventricular hypertrophy in chronic kidney disease.
ECONOMICALLY JUSTIFIED CURRENT DENSITY FOR 10-35 kV CABLES, WHICH CONNECT POWERFUL WIND GENERATORS
Authors:   Chernihiv National University of Technology, str. Shevchenka, 95, Chernihiv, 14035, Ukraine, Bezruchko V.M. , Buinyi R.O. ,   Chernihiv National University of Technology, str. Shevchenka, 95, Chernihiv, 14035, Ukraine,, Zorin V.V. ,   Institute for Energy Saving and Energy Management NTUU I. Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute, str. Borshchagivska, 115, Kyiv, 03056, Ukraine, Kvytsynskyi A.O. ,   Research & design center for the development of the United Energy System of Ukraine PJSC NPC UKRENERGO, str. Dorohozhytska, 11/8, Kyiv, 04111, Ukraine
Published: December 2020

At a wind power station, 10-35 kV cable transmission lines are used to connect powerful 1.5-5.5 MW wind turbines. Due to the high cost of “green” electricity, losses in the cable lines of a power station can be too expensive. Therefore, during the design process, it is necessary to choose such a cross-section of cable cores that will ensure the minimum costs to the investor for the entire operation of the wind power station. An analytical dependence is obtained, which makes it possible to calculate an economically justified current density for the cores of such cables for 10, 20, and 35 kV for any electric energy tariff and the duration of the maximum generation of the power station. The economically justified current density for the cables of the electric network of the wind power station is calculated for the current “green” tariff and the tariff that will be introduced in Ukraine from 01.01.2025, with different durations of maximum generation throughout the year. It was established that the cross-sections of cable cores that are selected according to the requirements of current regulatory documents will be 2-3 times smaller than those selected for the obtained value of economically justified current density. The economic current density values given in the article make it possible to choose rational cross-sections cable core during the design of networks of the wind power station. References 4, figures 2. table 1.
SYSTEM FOR REMOTE MONITORING OF HIGH-VOLTAGE CABLE LINE STATE
Authors:   nstitute of Electrodynamics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, pr. Peremohy, 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine,, Shcherba A.A. , Podoltsev A.D. ,   Institute of Electrodynamics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, pr. Peremohy, 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine,, Kucheriava I.M. ,   Institute of Electrodynamics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, pr. Peremohy, 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine,
Published: December 2020

The article proposes a device for remote monitoring of high-voltage cable line state. The device gives a possibility to measure simultaneously several diagnostic characteristics, i.e. the temperature of cable outer sheath, electric current in cable core, capacitive current to earth and uses a specially designed internal electric power source that directly converts the energy of cable electromagnetic field into electric energy with necessary parameters. By computer simulation, the temperature field distribution in the cable cores of 330 kV cable line is determined and the quantitative relationship between the directly measured temperature on the cable outer sheath and the temperature values of the cable core and insulation, which are important diagnostic characteristics of the thermal state of power cables is revealed. References 5, figures 3.
ESTIMATION OF THE COST OF THE ELECTRICITY SUPPLY FORECAST ERROR FOR THE "GREEN" TARIFF PRODUCERS BALANCE GROUP
Authors:   Institute of Electrodynamics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, pr. Peremohy, 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine,, Blinov I. , Parus E. ,   Institute of Electrodynamics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, pr. Peremohy, 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine,, Miroshnyk V. ,   Institute of Electrodynamics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, pr. Peremohy, 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine,
Published: December 2020

The statistical analysis of the forecast error of the "day ahead" electricity supply volumes by the producers, which are included in the balancing group of the State Enterprise "Guaranteed Buyer”, was carried out. The distribution of forecast errors by hours of the day is determined. A simplified method for calculating the price and the total cost of the forecast error is described considering the various formulas for the cost of imbalances calculating. The potential for improving the accuracy of the forecast for increasing the permissible installed capacity of power plants with renewable energy sources with the technical means available in the power system to compensate for the power fluctuations is shown. Approbation of the methodology and calculation of quantitative indicators was carried out on real data of the total supply of renewable energy sources by producers, which were published by SE Energorynok. The calculations are of an estimate nature. Since the calculations are based on a “naive” assumption about the distribution of forecast errors, which depend on the structure of RES producers by types of primary energy carriers and specific meteorological conditions. References 11, figures 5, tables 2.
METHODS OF INCREASING EFFICIENCY AND IMPROVING THE MAIN PARAMETERS OF DC/DC CONVERTERS WITH A LONGITUDINAL SWITCH
Authors:   Institute of Electrodynamics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, pr. Peremohy, 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine,, Volkov I. V. , Golubev V. V. ,   Institute of Electrodynamics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, pr. Peremohy, 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine,, Zozulev V. I. ,   Institute of Electrodynamics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, pr. Peremohy, 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine,
Published: December 2020

The results of the study of three new variants of DC/DC-pulse converters (DCC) with a longitudinal transistor switch are presented. It is established that the creation of conditions in which there is no sharp break of the DCC input current, leads to a smooth change in voltage on its switch and to minimize the range of variation of this voltage, which is accompanied by reduced power losses on the switch and improved power quality at the DCС input and output. It is shown that the creation of such conditions is implemented using two-winding chokes and an input buffer node. Exact and approximate analytical expressions are presented that describe the processes in such converters, which are in good agreement with the results of computer simulation. The most acceptable ways to control the switches of DCC-1...DCC-3 were found out. Recommendations for the use of DCC -1... DCC-3 are given. References 11, figures 1, table 1.
STUDY OF PHYSICAL PROCESSES IN A TURBOGENERATOR END ZONE AT THE MECHANICAL DAMAGES OF STATOR CORE FASTENING
Authors:   Institute of Electrodynamics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, pr. Peremohy, 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine,, Kuchynskyi K.A. , Kramarskyi V.A. ,   Institute of Electrodynamics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, pr. Peremohy, 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine,, Hvalin D.I. ,   Institute for Safety of Problems of Nuclear Power Plants of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Lysogirska str., 12, Kyiv, 03028, Ukraine,, Mystetskyi V.A. ,   Institute for Safety of Problems of Nuclear Power Plants of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Lysogirska str., 12, Kyiv, 03028, Ukraine,
Published: December 2020

With the help of mathematical simulation of mechanical processes in the stator core fastening system of a powerful turbogenerator end zone obtained appropriateness of basic parameters changes at the break of clamp prisms heads of the stator core. It is determined that the sudden break of one or more clamp prisms leads to longitudinal oscillation of their other working heads and stiff connected with them press plate, accordingly. Although such oscillation is insignificant but propagates along the entire surface of the press plate with a maximum value in the break zone and subsequent decrease with distance from this zone and therefore can be detected with the help of existing vibration sensors by installing them on the press plate. It is possible to use a limited number of sensors due to the propagation of vibration along the entire surface of the plate. But because the vibration changes are insignificant, in this case, there is a complexity of control that requires the use of high-sensitivity sensors and great informative computing equipment. According to the sensors indices, it is possible to determine the number of breaks for clamp prisms heads of the stator core and the number of them working heads, accordingly. Besides, this effect can be used to diagnose the un-compression of the stator core tooth zone. Since one of the important ways to improve the control and diagnostics of turbogenerators is the detection, the presence of such knowledge will allow making the optimal decision for further measures. References 8, figures 8, tables 2.
Kinetic theory of surface plasmon resonance in metal nanoparticles
Authors:   Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Semchuk O. Yu. , Havryliuk O. O. ,   Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Biliuk A. A. ,   Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Published: December 2020

In recent years, interest in studying the optical properties of metallic nanostructures has grown. This interest is primarily related to the possibility of practical application of such nanostructures in quantum optical computers, micro- and nanosensors. These applications are based on the fundamental optical effect of surface plasmon excitation. The consequence of this phenomenon is surface plasmon resonance (SPR) - an increase in the cross section of energy absorption by a metal nanoparticle as the frequency of incident light (laser radiation) approaches the SPR frequency of the nanoparticle. Plasmon structures are used to improve the efficiency of thin-film SC. In such structures, metal nanoparticles can primarily act as additional scattering elements for the long-wavelength component of sunlight illuminating SC. As a collective phenomenon, SPR can be described using kinetic approaches, ie using the Boltzmann kinetic equation for the conduction electrons of metal nanoparticles. In this work, the theory of SPR based on the kinetic equation for the conduction electrons of nanoparticles is constructed. to the well-known results derived from the Drude-Sommerfeld theory. Second, the kinetic method makes it possible to study metal nanoparticles with sizes larger or ptical conductivity tensor for spheroidal metal nanoparticles. It is shown that the effect of nanoparticle asymmetry on the ratio of the components of the optical conductivity tensor differs not only smaller than the average electron free path length. The developed theory is used to calculate the oquantitatively but also qualitatively in high-frequency and low-frequency surface scattering. It was found that in metal nanoparticles in a dielectric matrix, under SPR conditions, the full width of the SPR line in a spherical metal nanoparticle depends on both the radius of the particle and the frequency of the electromagnetic (laser) radiation exciting this SPR. It is shown that oscillations of the SPR line width with a change in the dielectric constant of the medium in which they are located can be observed in metal nanoparticles. The magnitude of these oscillations is greater the smaller the size of the nanoparticle and increases significantly with increase. As the radius of the spherical nanoparticle increases, the width of the SPR line decreases significantly and prevails around a certain constant value in media with a higher value of dielectric constant.
Catalase-like properties of multilayer graphene oxides and their modified forms
Authors:   Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Voitko K. V. , Bakalinska O. M. ,   Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Goshovska Yu. V. ,   Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Sementsov Yu. I. ,   Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kartel M. T. ,   Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Published: December 2020

The catalytic system, that mimets catalase enzyme such as “multilayer graphene oxide /peroxide molecule” in aqueous media was investigated. The main factors that influence on catalyst’s effectiveness were determining. The catalytic activity of as-synthesized multilayered graphene oxides, and their modified forms (oxidized and nitrogen doped) were investigated in the decomposition of hydrogen peroxides at room temperature and physiological pHs by measuring the volume of released gases. A phosphate buffer with a pH of 5 to 8 was chosen as the reaction medium. The original and modified samples were characterized using XPS, TPD-MS, Boehm titration analyses. The effect of surface chemistry on the catalytic reaction proceeding has been studied. It was found that catalysis on the graphene plane is determined by the presence of heteroatoms in their structure. The catalytic process takes place in the kinetic zone over the entire accessible surface of the samples. The active sites of the catalysts contain a large amount of both nitrogen and oxygen-containing functional groups. In addition, the surface of graphene oxide is hydrophilic, which enhances the catalytic reaction in an aqueous medium. It has been established that the rate of hydrogen peroxide decomposition by reduced graphene oxide samples is lower than for samples modified with oxygen and nitrogen. The catalase-like activity of graphene increases in alkaline pH up to 7.8. Studies have shown that samples of multilayer graphenes with a high content of functional groups can be an alternative to the catalase enzyme as a catalyst for the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide in physiological solutions.
Derivas identitarias en la ley de exclusividad universitaria del trabajo social chileno
Authors: Hozven Valenzuela Raúl Octavio , Rubio Aguilar Verónica Francisca , Muñoz Jaime María Isabel
Published: December 2020

Con el fin de comprender las configuraciones de identidad profesional que emergen en la vida cotidiana y laboral, considerando las transformaciones del Nuevo Management Público (NMP) y tomando como caso el trabajo social chileno, el presente artículo se organiza desde dos grandes ámbitos. Por un lado, materialidades que se asocian a estatutos jurídicos, que prescriben y subjetivan a esta profesión, y por otra, las narrativas de los y las profesionales del trabajo social en diferentes espacios de desempeño, utilizando como aspectos relevantes, sus trayectorias formativas y laborales. Se parte de un paradigma interpretativo y se utiliza el método de investigación de la teoría fundamentada, con el fin de hacer emerger conocimiento desde las propias personas. Los resultados dan cuenta de tensiones, crisis y la emergencia de una configuración precaria en términos identitarios y laborales para esta profesión, en tiempos de hegemonía neoliberal.
Un acercamiento hacia la apropiación y consumo de Instagram por parte de jóvenes universitarios
Authors: Montero Corrales Laura
Published: December 2020

Introducción

El estudio de las redes sociales entre los jóvenes se ha convertido en una línea de investigación en crecimiento. Aunque existen numerosas investigaciones al respecto, el estudio de la apropiación y consumo social de la tecnología nos permite determinar cómo los jóvenes utilizan plataformas como Instagram y las incorporan de distintas formas a su vida diaria.

Objetivo

Por ello esta investigación tiene como objetivo descubrir y examinar las prácticas de apropiación y consumo de Instagram por parte de los estudiantes universitarios.

Método

El presente artículo presenta los resultados de un estudio en el cual se aplicó un cuestionario a 210 estudiantes, con edades entre 18 y 24 años de la Facultad de Ciencias Sociales de la Universidad de Costa Rica.

Resultados

Los resultados indican que los estudiantes universitarios utilizan esta red social como herramienta de interacción social, documentación, expresión personal y mirar lo que los otros hacen, así como un espacio de interacción con usuarios, marcas e influencers.

Conclusiones

Según los datos existen una serie de formas y prácticas por medio de las cuales los jóvenes universitarios hacen uso de Instagram, en especial su interés por usuarios de tipo influencers, que permiten comprender sus procesos de socialización y consumo de información a través de redes sociales.”
Relaciones sociedad-naturaleza y la pandemia del COVID-19: ¿vaso medio lleno o medio vacío?
Authors: Cisneros Edgar Espinoza
Published: December 2020

Las crisis, en muchos casos, impulsan cambios que marcan la evolución de las sociedades humanas. Esto ha aplicado en las relaciones sociedad-naturaleza, a través de un vínculo de realimentación donde las crisis determinan estas relaciones y viceversa. En este ensayo se reflexiona sobre algunas posibles avenidas de acción que se pueden tomar hacia sociedades más resilientes y sostenibles, motivadas por la pandemia del COVID-19. Además, se examina brevemente esa relación entre enfermedades infecciosas y acciones humanas sobre el ambiente, así como algunas iniciativas que se promueven actualmente para engendrar cambios sociales hacia la sostenibilidad a raíz de la crisis por la pandemia.
A new multisystem inflammatory syndrome temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2 in a 6-year-old boy
Authors:   Department of Paediatrics and Gastroenterology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland, Pawłowska-Kamieniak Agnieszka , Wronecka Milena ,   Department of Paediatrics and Gastroenterology, Children’s University Hospital, Lublin, Poland, Panasiuk Natalia ,   Department of Paediatrics and Gastroenterology, Children’s University Hospital, Lublin, Poland, Kasiak Karolina ,   Department of Paediatrics and Gastroenterology, Children’s University Hospital, Lublin, Poland, Kowalik Aleksandra ,   Department of Paediatrics and Gastroenterology, Children’s University Hospital, Lublin, Poland, Pac-Kożuchowska Elżbieta ,   Department of Paediatrics and Gastroenterology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
Published: December 2020

In December 2019, China reported cases of infections caused by a new zoonotic coronavirus, which gradually developed into a pandemic. The disease was initially believed to be mild in children. In April 2020, a possible relationship between a new paediatric multisystem inflammatory syndrome and SARS-CoV-2 was found. In May, the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health published the criteria for the diagnosis of this new disease. We present a case of a 6-year-old boy retrospectively diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2-related multisystem inflammatory syndrome based on medical history, physical examination, laboratory and imaging findings, as well as the available literature.
Multiple foreign body aspiration: a case report
Authors:   Department of Otorhinolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia Health Campus, 16150 Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia, Randhawa Aranjit Singh , Lazim Norhafiza Mat ,   Department of Otorhinolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia Health Campus, 16150 Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia, Noh Khairul Bariah ,   Department of Otorhinolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia Health Campus, 16150 Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia, Mohamad Irfan ,   Department of Otorhinolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia Health Campus, 16150 Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
Published: December 2020

Foreign body in the tracheobronchial tree is an emergency commonly affecting the paediatric age group. A delay in diagnosis and removal may cause high morbidity and mortality. We report a case of a 1-year-6-month-old presenting with multiple peanuts aspirated into both lungs, ultimately resulting in death due to cardiopulmonary complications. The aim of the case report is to highlight the importance of thorough history-taking from parents, intraoperative suspicion of more than a single aspirated foreign body, and meticulous measurements taken to minimise extraction time.
Shifting Origins Tales and the Construction of Knowledge
Authors: Touna Vaia
Published: December 2020

Introduction to the Special Feature

Shifting Origins Tales and the Construction of Knowledge: Papers from the Method and Theory section of the AAR Southeast Regional Conference
Modelowanie trójwymiarowe
Authors:   Dr, Uniwersytet Technologiczno-Humanistyczny w Radomiu, Wydział Transportu, Elektrotechniki i Informatyki, Katedra Informatyki, Polska, Molga Agnieszka , Płachta Mikołaj ,   Student, Uniwersytet Technologiczno-Humanistyczny w Radomiu, Wydział Transportu, Elektrotechniki i Informatyki, Katedra Informatyki, Polska
Published: December 2020

The paper presents selected problems related to the generation of three-dimensional graphics. The problem of modeling modeling was presented: a general description of what 3D graphics is, its applications, the impact of this technology on many industries and future plans for its use and further development. The article ends with a discussion of the importance of 3D modeling in architecture.
Unused cars in Wroclaw – in terms of using city space
Authors: Szulc Anna
Published: December 2020

Excessive traffic and the insufficient number of parking spaces pose a challenge for the authorities of large urban centres, which is why it is important to effectively use the infrastructure resources. An example of actions that reduce efficiency regards unused cars in public parking. The discussed problem should be considered in the context of the impact on spatial order, and the phenomenon of misappropriation of public space. This article analyses Mobility Policy of the City of Wroclaw and data on the intervention of the Municipal Police of Wroclaw regarding the disposal of unused vehicles according to article 50a and 130a of Road Traffic Law. An integral part of the article is a survey examining the opinions of the local community. Unused cars have a negative impact on the quality of space and life of residents, which is manifested by a decrease in the efficiency of transport infrastructure, degradation of green areas, appropriation of public space and disturbance of spatial order
Socio-demographic dimension of tourism development in Ukraine
Authors: Trunina Iryna , Druzhynina Viktoriia , Zahorianska Olena , Pryakhina Katerina
Published: December 2020

Over the last decade, the tourism industry is considered to be an engine of economic development in many countries of the world. On the other hand, tourism as an important socio-economic phenomenon of modern times is closely related to the development of society and is subject to its laws, so the purpose of the research is defined as: the systematization of the existing approaches, identification and justification of the main socio-demographic factors for the development of the tourism industry in Ukraine against the backdrop of the world tourism industry. The scientific novelty: analysis of previous studies has identified the key demographic and social factors that have a direct impact and determine the main trends in tourism in Ukraine. The indirect social indicator for the level and quality of population life is determined as the disposable income per person; its comparative and retrospective analysis in the context of Ukrainian regions makes it possible to identify potentially promising areas for the development of tourism business with the existing demand from the local population