bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TRIBOLOGICAL TESTING OF ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLYLUBRICANTS
Authors: Kowalski Marcin , Bernat Szymon , Kowalczyk Joanna , Radoń-Kobus Krystyna , Grabowski Paweł , Madej Monika
Published: March 2023

This paper compares the properties of mineral oil with glycerol and water-based oil, and rapeseed-based oil.The obtained research results showed that the friction coefficient for mineral oil has similar characteristics forboth loads (25 N/50 N). Minimal differences were also observed for the rapeseed-based oil. However, the mostsignificant difference was obtained for oil based on glycerol and water, where the friction coefficient increasedby more than 23% under the load of 50 N compared to 25 N. The tests showed very good characteristicsof the oils based on rapeseed oil and the oil based on glycerol and water with additives reducing friction,depending on the applied load. For lower loads, the oil based on glycerol and water has very good anti-wearproperties, whereas the oil based on rapeseed oil has very good anti-wear properties for higher loads. Thus,environmentally friendly oils have similar or better lubricating properties under appropriate conditions thantoxic oils with high additive contents. Hence, they have the potential to replace the commonly used mineraloil.
DETERMINATION OF FERROFLUID MAGNETISATION CURVEBASED ON THE MEASUREMENT OF PARTICLE DISTRIBUTIONOBTAINED BY THE DLS METHOD
Authors: Tarasevych Yuliia , Szczęch Marcin
Published: March 2023

Ferrofluid is a colloid with particles of about 10nm that show magnetic properties. These fluids are used in avariety of applications. Their application is affected by the type of carrier base liquid, the magnetic propertiesof the particle's material, and their size and shape. In practical applications, the magnetisation curve andthe initial magnetic susceptibility are the most important characteristics of any ferrofluid. There are manymethods for determining magnetic characteristics, e.g., using magnetometers. The magnetisation curve canalso be determined on the particle distribution obtained using a transmission electron microscope (TEM).However, the cost of these devices and tests is relatively high. This paper describes a method for determiningthe magnetisation curve based on particle size measurements using the dynamic light scattering (DLS)method. Also, it is necessary to know the saturation magnetisation of the ferrofluid. The obtained magneticcharacteristics were compared with magnetisation curves described in other publications. The purpose ofthis paper is to present the method and determine the influence of various particle distribution parameterson ferrofluid characteristics. The advantage of the method is that a small volume of ferrofluid is requiredin measurements using the DLS method. The measurement can be performed quickly, and the result can beused to estimate the magnetic properties of ferrofluids quickly. These characteristics can be used in analyses(mathematical or numerical calculations) of different devices such as magnetic seals, magnetic couplings,magnetic dampers, etc.
Development of a multiplex reverse transcription-PCR assay for simultaneous detection of pepper viruses
Authors: MIAO PENG , PEI WANG , XING-YAO XIONG , LIANG-YING DAI , XIN-XI HU
Published: March 2023

The aim of the present study was to establish a fourplex RT-PCR method for examining the infecting peppers to improve the efficiency of pepper virus detection, which includes Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Broad bean wilt virus- 2 (BBWV-2) and Potato virus Y (PVY). According to the genome sequences of TMV, CMV, BBWV-2 and PVY published by GenBank, four specific pairs of primers were designed to verify the specificity and sensitivity of detection system by simplex and multiplex RT-PCR method. In addition, using set multiplex RT-PCR method pepper plant samples of two geographic locations in China were tested and verified by simplex RT-PCR. The anticipated amplicon sizes of four primer pairs targeting TMV, CMV, BBWV-2 and PVY in both simplex and multiplex RT-PCR were 237 bp, 323 bp, 480 bp and 1057 bp, respectively, and established fourplex RT-PCR system was able to check out all sorts of viruses accurately from the pepper leaves of two geographic locations in China, which was 37.21%, 81.4%, 23.26%, and 2.33% respectively, and two or more mixed infections viruses sample accounted for 48.83% of the pepper samples. The research results show a detection technique of multiplex RT-PCR method for major peppers' viruses, which is a rapid, sensitive and reliable method and examines CMV, TMV, PVY and BBWV-2.
Heterosis and combining ability for bushy and butternut traits in pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata)
Authors: SINGH NISHAN , SIDHU MOHINDER KAUR , DHATT AJMER SINGH
Published: March 2023

The improvement of pumpkin(Cucurbita moschata Duch ex Poir.) for intensive cultivation necessitates genetic studies, wherein, heterosis and combing ability were studied in half di-allel fashion involving bushy plants and butternut fruits. The genotypes, P-3621 was best general combiner for short vine, internode, equatorial diameter and high fruit shape index, P-6242 for pulp thickness, P-2211 for number of primary branches, P-10224 for polar diameter as well as vegetative growth and P-1343 for petiole length. However, high specific combining ability (SCA) in P-10224 × P-6242, PS × P-6242, P-41212 × P-2211, PS × P-364, P-41212 × P-6242, P-10224 × P-2211 revealed the occurrence of both additive and non-additive gene effects with the predominance of non-additive effects (σ2SCA/ σ2GCA >1) in the inheritance of bushy and butternut traits, which can be exploited through heterosis breeding and recurrent selection in pumpkin. The hybrids, P-3621 × P-2211, P-6711 × P-2211 and P-6711 × P-6242 had high pulp thickness as well as comparable yield potential with the check hybrids and could be exploited for commercial cultivation.
Efektivitas Latihan Strokes dengan Shadow dan Audio Visual terhadap Akurasi Dropshot Bulutangkis
Authors:   Insitut Teknologi Bandung, Citra Pratiwi Raden Devy , Lismadiana Lismadiana ,   Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Bahri Samsul ,   Institut Teknogi Bandung
Published: March 2023

Dropshot merupakan salah satu teknik tipuan pada olahraga bulutangkis, arah dropshot yang baik jatuh dibelakang garis ganda. Pada atlet bulutangkis usia 11-12 tahun akurasi dropshot masih kurang baik, shuttlecock sering jatuh jauh dari net atau di belakang garis serve pendek. Berdasarkan pengamatan tersebut perlu adanya bentuk latihan untuk meningkatkan akurasi dropshot. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas latihan strokes dengan shadow dan audio visual terhadap akurasi dropshot. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen semu, desain yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Two Groups Pretest-Posttest Design. Subjek penelitian terdiri dari 14 orang atlet bulutangkis usia 11-12 tahun (7 atlet kelompok A dan 7 atlet kelompok B). Dengan Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purpose sampling, analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan uji t. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan kelompok A secara signifikan ada pengaruh latihan strokes dengan shadow terhadap akurasi dropshot, dengan peningkatan akurasi dropshot sebesar 23,09% dibandingkan hasil pada kelompok B latihan strokes dengan audio visual besarnya peningkatan akurasi dropshot diperoleh sebesar 16,77%. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa latihan strokes dengan shadow memiliki pengaruh yang lebih baik pada akurasi dropshot bulutangkis untuk atlet usia 11-12 tahun
TÉCNICAS DE PRE-ESCRITURA EN LA ERA DIGITAL: APROXIMACIÓN AL CONCEPTO DE GRAFISMO DIGITAL DESDE LA DIDÁCTICA DEL LENGUAJE Y LA COMUNICACIÓN
Authors: Madelein Johanna Velasco Rivera
Published: March 2023

La educación mediática y el uso generalizado de recursos tecnológicos para la difusión de la información en los distintos ámbitos de la actividad humana, irrumpe en la necesidad de aprender nuevas formas de leer y escribir. La cultura digital se ha normalizado en la sociedad, en tanto que la mayoría de los niños y niñas, inician el proceso lecto-escritor con los recursos tecnológicos que les brinda el contexto familiar, un ejemplo son los cuentos digitales que integran textos con diversos elementos audiovisuales, imágenes HD, sonidos, animaciones entretenidas, entre otros; los cuales, están actualizando y mejorando contantemente los soportes y equipos, para facilitar su interacción, así como pantallas táctiles, que no requieren teclado, con software de edición más incluyente; estos escenarios de conocimiento requieren nuevas habilidades, frente a los retos y posibilidades que ofrece la lecto-escritura digital.  El propósito de este abordaje teórico consiste en reflexionar acerca de la incorporación de herramientas tecnológicas en la práctica pedagógica, que permitan utilizar las ventajas de estas y cambiar la pedagogía tradicional; presentar ventajas y diferencias de las técnicas tradicionales de pre-escritura en lo que respecta a la grafomotricidad en relación con la innovación de la estrategia grafismo digital desde la didáctica del lenguaje y la comunicación.
La literatura infantil un recurso innovador en la formación de competencias comunicativas
Authors: Yadira Carreño Suárez
Published: March 2023

La formación de competencias comunicativas en la actualidad se convierte en una fortaleza inconmensurable, pues de ello depende la posibilidad de interactuar, interrelacionarse, sacar provecho del medio, gestionar una ética basada en la alteridad, desarrollar capacidades, habilidades, actitudes y otras competencias, que le permitan al ser humano satisfacer sus necesidades personales, crecer con base en la búsqueda de la realización desde los planos humanísticos, sociales, laborales y profesionales, que traerán como consecuencia positiva el bienestar y la armonía plena. Para que esto sea posible la literatura infantil se convierte en un recurso didáctico bastante útil y efectivo, porque tiene la posibilidad de gestionar procesos educativos complejos, apegados a los nuevos estamentos que se han obtenido en torno al habla, la escritura, la escucha y la lectura, además de lo verbal y no verbal que el cuerpo, la mente y el alma de los educandos disponen para una formación total y trascendental. Con base en estos elementos, el presente artículo se orientó en una tipología teórica, ensayo de disertación teórica o monográfico cuyo propósito profundizó en conocimientos sobre las competencias comunicativas, y cómo estas pueden ser gestionadas a través de la literatura infantil. De allí se concretó debilidades en la formación por adecuarse a una  formación estructuralista, lejana a la formación compleja.
LA INVESTIGACIÓN COMO ESTRATEGIA PEDAGÓGICA EN EL PROCESO DE ENSEÑANZA - APRENDIZAJE DE LA LENGUA CASTELLANA EN EDUCACIÓN BÁSICA PRIMARIA
Authors: Fanny Esmeralda Vargas Palacios
Published: March 2023

La sociedad actual se enfrenta a situaciones inesperadas en todos los ámbitos, tal es el caso de la pandemia del COVID-19 que ha marcado la historia y la existencia del hombre en la vida comunitaria, en situaciones tan complejas como está, la educación no ha estado exenta y  ha tenido que dar un giro reflejado en el paso de una educación presencial a una educación mediada por la tecnología; pues en tiempos de pandemia y post-pandemia se logra develar que los impactos en la sociedad han sido múltiples y de gran efecto. Razón que conlleva a reflexionar y plantear el siguiente objetivo general: proponer la investigación como estrategia pedagógica en el proceso de enseñanza – aprendizaje de la lengua castellana en educación básica primaria, aplicado a la Institución Educativa Pablo Correa León, sede Valle Esther de la ciudad de Cúcuta – Norte de Santander – Colombia. La metodología que se pretende implementar se enmarca en la investigación cualitativa; apoyada en un diseño de campo a partir de los motores de búsqueda gratuitos como Scopus, Web of Sciencie, Redalyc, Google Académico, entre otros. Lo que origina un compendio de información que se puede aglutinar en función de estrategias pedagógicas a través de la investigación para concretar las bases fundamentales de un proceso exitoso en el aprendizaje de la lengua castellana.
REPRESENTACIONES SOCIALES DE LOS ACTORES EDUCATIVOS EN RELACIÓN AL ALCANCE DE LAS PRUEBAS SABER EN EL DESARROLLO ACADÉMICO DEL ESTUDIANTE
Authors: Yitney Osma Cubides
Published: March 2023

Buscando analizar los ejercicios que se desarrollan dentro del aula, revisando los enfoques y la perspectiva de los diferentes actores educativos en relación a las pruebas saber, este proceso se planteó como objetivo generar fundamentos teóricos a partir de las representaciones sociales de los actores educativos en relación al alcance de las pruebas saber en el desarrollo académico del estudiante de grado undécimo mediante el estudio de las percepciones e impacto dentro del contexto académico social. Esto mediante una metodología basada en los parámetros del paradigma investigativo interpretativo y un enfoque cualitativo para la obtención y exposición de ideas y suposiciones que permitieran mediante un grupo focal, una entrevista a docentes y el desarrollo de un formato de observación aplicados a 8 docentes y 15 estudiantes pertenecientes al grado undécimo de una institución oficial de Piedecuesta, establecer diversos fundamentos teóricos en relación al alcance de las pruebas saber en el desarrollo académico del estudiante desde el estudio de las percepciones e impacto dentro del contexto académico social a partir de las representaciones sociales de los actores educativos teniendo en cuenta el surgimiento de habilidades que se relacionan con una educación que trasciende en la adquisición de aprendizajes significativos.
LAS CONDUCTAS SEXUALES INFANTILES: UNA APROXIMACIÓN CONCEPTUAL PARA COMPRENDERLAS
Authors: Sonia Esperanza Laguado Oicatá
Published: March 2023

En este artículo se estudian las conductas sexuales infantiles a partir de presupuestos teóricos provenientes de diversos campos de la ciencia, los cuales permiten generar una visión holística acerca de este tipo de conductas. De acuerdo la óptica resultante, estas conductas constituyen la respuesta de un sistema integrado de sexualidad a lo largo de la vida del sujeto desde sus primeros años de vida, la particularidad en sus características se matiza en cada etapa evolutiva; por ende, la etapa infantil tiene indicadores en cuanto a respuestas sexuales que definen su singularidad y delimitación con respecto al resto del desarrollo humano. Las conductas sexuales infantiles son un constructo que se intenta comprender desde las aproximaciones conceptuales y un poco desde la mirada a la realidad cuando se manifiestan (en el hogar, la escuela, entre otros), la complejidad abarcativa e intrincada de sus compuestos vislumbrados en la óptica conceptual holística, advierte sobre posibles errores en diagnósticos hechos en dicha realidad, de hecho, también advierte sobre el resultado ineficaz de un estudio parcial. Empero en este artículo lo conductual, lo sexual y la infancia se separan del todo (el constructo), sólo con fines de análisis conceptual detallado, de lo cual se extraen al finalizar, dos ideas que al parecer de las autoras de este articulo resultan ser piezas elementales para su comprensión.
Influences of wealth index, family size, food security, and diet diversity status in the growth of Filipino school-age children in farming households
Authors: dela Luna Kim Leonard , Talavera Ma. Theresa
Published: March 2023

Undernutrition among school-age children remains to be highly prevalent in developing countries. The adverse impact of undernourishment among school-age children could significantly affect their cognitive development, school performance, and future productivity. Despite the government's efforts in poverty and hunger reduction, the Philippines continuously sustains a high prevalence of undernutrition among school-age children. This study aims to determine the influences of different factors on the weight, height, and body mass index of school-age children in farming households. This study utilized data from the 2015 Updating of the Nutritional Status of Filipino Children and Other Population Groups of the Food and Nutrition Research Institute. This study includes 1689 school-age children from farming households who satisfied the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The findings of this study suggested that household wealth index, household size, and food security status affected the weight of school-age children in farming households. It was also observed that household wealth index, size, food security status, and dietary diversity status significantly affect the height of school-age children in farming households. Lastly, the wealth index, the age of children, and the number of 0-10 years old children in farming households significantly affect their body mass index. The findings of this study provide empirical evidence that the most important underlying causes of undernutrition among school-age children belonging to farming households could guide policymakers and program planners to craft interventions that target this vulnerable group.
Measurement of the optic nerve sheath with the usual measurement method and the CLOSED protocol. Concordance study among the doctors of the intensive care unit of the General Teaching Hospital of Ambato
Authors: Apolo Loayza Kerly Yuliana
Published: March 2023

Introduction: measuring the diameter of the optic nerve sheath is a widely used procedure for neuromonitoring, since it is a fairly reliable indicator of the state of intracranial pressure.
Objective: to establish the degree of correlation and concordance between the traditional measurements and with the CLOSED protocol of the diameter of the optic nerve, among the doctors of the Intensive Care Unit of the General Teaching Hospital of Ambato
Methods: a descriptive, cross-sectional, agreement study was carried out. Fifteen general practitioners residing in the ICU of the General Teaching Hospital of Ambato were included. A healthy volunteer was selected for optic nerve sheath diameter measurement. Measurements were made with the usual technique and, following the CLOSED protocol with ultrasound. Agreement was determined using the Bland-Altman method.
Results: traditional method: right sheath (x̄: 0,442; SD: 0,111); left sheath (x̄: 0,486; SD: 0,0995). CLOSED protocol: right sheath (x̄: 0,411; SD: 0,0128); left sheath (x̄: 0,445; SD: 0,0834). Pearson's correlation coefficient: right sheath: r= 0,190 (p= 0,499); left sheath: r= 0,024 (p= 0,932). Concordance coefficient: right sheath (53,3 %; 95 % CI: 52,3 %-54,3 %), left sheath (46,7 %; 95 % CI: 45,7 %-47,7 %).
Conclusions: there is a weak correlation and moderate agreement between the traditional measurements and with the CLOSED protocol of the diameter of the optic nerve among the doctors of the Intensive Care Unit of the General Teaching Hospital of Ambato. This shows the need to reinforce continuous training activities and the learning curve with these doctors
Antiquarism of the Bosnia and Herzegovina from the Ottoman Period Antiquaries between East and West
Authors: Kaljanac Adnan , Križanović Tijana
Published: March 2023

The question about beginning of archaeology in Bosnia and Herzegovina throughout traditional archaeological discourse, used to be observed as product of Austro-Hungarian westernisation of Ottoman Bosnia. If we look deeper, and pay attention to works of early eighteenth century and further, it apparently becomes clear that something in that interpretationwent wrong. It could be discussed about antiquarianism and archaeology its self, referring to interpretation of the beginning, but however that definition is unsustainable, because both existed from eighteenth century, and indisputable evidences are left in travel writers works and autochthonous population, as also in some state laws. Writing down their observationsXIX century explorers and travelers as Evans, Giljferding, Baltić, Lozić, Boué, Jukić and others, left important proofs of the interest in history, existence of, so called collectors, and in extremis, about some excavations and researches done in eighteenth and nineteenth century in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Giljferding wrote about being convinced by the story of some peasants about the rock and old signs on it, so in his works he gave insight into the knowledge and awareness of those people about past and its importance. Baltić wrote about excavations in search of the treasure, where besides mere people, official army took participation in such events. On the other side Evans participated in investigations, and looked at everydetail to find out and write down everything about the reviewed, and left us even his drawings. From the other side, Jukić worked and lived in Bosnia, and was among the first ones to encourage people to look after antiquities and keep it well, and tried to influence their conscience about the importance of it trough his petitions, giving the idea of the foundation of the firstBosnian Museum, starting from making his own collection repurchasing antiquities. Beside this works, at the same time government was bringing different laws about the protection of antiquities and monument in Bosnia and Herzegovina. One of those was the law brought at the year 1869, consisting of 7 paragraphs about collecting, exploring and preserving antiquities,that was brought independently, 4 years before Austro-Hungarian epoch, and 5 years before the official government in Ottoman empire. Parallel to it, founding pressrooms has provided people to easily get news about archaeology, and therefore to get more familiar and interested into the subject. At the and it is still intriguing, and probably will stay unsolved, thefact about negligence of some very obvious witnesses of the existence of archaeology in Bosnia and Herzegovina, from early nineteenth century, the latest.
Late Antique burial vault (tomb), church and necropolis at the site of Studena Česma in Donji Vakuf
Authors: Busuladžić Adnan
Published: March 2023

This paper deals with the Late Antique site Studena česma in Donji Vakuf. Based on field reconnaissance and in a literature, the area of Donji Vakuf municipality is defined as a potentially rich area in respect to archeological remains from different epochs. Until recent research in Donji Vakuf, only the early Christian basilica in Oborci was excavated. Continuity of settlement of narrow and wider area of Donji Vakuf municipality can be determined by a whole series of remains from the Medieval and Ottoman period. The finds of the research done in 2005 and 2006 at this site, include a late antique burial vault, remains ofa church and early medieval necropolis. As far as the grave vault and a building in its immediate vicinity are concerned, it can be concluded that it’s a religious object from the period between 4th and 6th century. Alongside the object of that kind, there was also a larger cemetery, which according to the mentioned finds, and also according to people’s testaments, canbe confirmed. Namely, almost every day, in the large area gravitating towards the archeological site, a huge number of human bones, skeletons and skulls are being found. On one occasion, a golden ring was found. Ubication of the exact places where skeleton remains are being found indicates that the entire area of the present settlement Studena Česma, i.e. the hill, duringthe Late Antique and the Early Medieval period was an area reserved for cemetery and religious complex. Very similar analogies to late antique basilica were found in walled grave vaults with barrel roof and a church at the site of Oborci. The similar field configuration of sloped hill, as well as proximity of these two sites, indicate the nature and purpose of the entirecomplex in the settlement of Studena Česma. Archaeological material found (earrings, pearls and a ring) indicate a presence of early medieval burials at a place which did not lose its function of the Christian religious place and cemetery, even duringthe Early Medieval period. The significance of the discovery and scientific processing of the walled grave vault with a barrel roofshould be especially stressed. This type of the object is not unknown in the area of Central Bosnia. The excavation of the grave vault becomes even more important with the fact that until now, the highest number of discovered tombs of this type, due to a series of reasons, has remained scientifically unexplored.
Okolište – Spätneolithische Keramik und Siedlungsentwicklung in Zentralbosnien: Ergebnisse und Interpretationen
Authors: Hofmann Robert
Published: March 2023

Ausgehend von Anatolien und Griechenland breitete sich um etwa 6000 v. u. Z. in Südosteuropa Ackerbau und Viehzucht aus. Das frühe Neolithikum (6100–5500 v. u. Z.) ist zunächst noch durch relativ kleine soziale Gruppen undzahlreiche kleine und eher kurzlebige Siedlungen gekennzeichnet. Ab etwa 5500 v. u. Z. begannen sich erstmals in der Geschichte Südosteuropas große langlebige Dörfer mit teils enormen Bevölkerungskonzentrationen zu etablieren, diemenschliche Gesellschaften in sozialer und wirtschaftlicher Hinsicht vor völlig neue Herausforderungen stellten. Von den primären Neolithisierungsregionen im östlichen Karpatenbecken, im Donauraum, in Slawonien und in Dalmatiengingen im Verlauf des 6. Jahrtausends v. u. Z. neue Kolonisationsprozesse aus, die spätestens um 5700 v. u. Z. unter anderem auch die Flusstäler der Mittelgebirgszone Zentralbosniens erfassten.
Balkan city in the Ottoman period (15th–16th century)
Authors: Zlatar Behija
Published: March 2023

Arrival of the Ottomans to the Balkans has witnessed major changes in the development of cities in the area. They have played particularly important role in the construction of new as well as in the changes of existing late antique and medieval towns and their adaptation to Islamic civilization which they brought. The uniqueness of these cities is that they were denselypopulated with predominantly Muslim population; they had monumental Islamic buildings and a large bazaar where a variety of crafts were developed. Ottoman cadastral records (defteri) show that over 200 cities were in the Balkans in the second halfof the fifteenth and sixteenth century. Example of Sarajevo reveals a concept planned established city – residence, which Gazi Isa Bey started to build on the shores of Miljacka by his endowments and numerous other officials, wealthy merchants, artisans and other citizens of Sarajevo continued, including the particularly important role of Gazi Husrev Bey. His complexof buildings still witnesses the planned construction, which was aimed to transform this city not only to administrative but also economic, educational and cultural centre of Bosnia.  When we talk about cities in the Balkans in the Ottoman period, it is necessary to speak about the role of waqfin the creation and development of urban settlements. Raising the waqf facilities for various purposes, began with the urban formation of the citysettlements, and further development of waqf buildingsserved as the basis of that development. Waqf were established by province governors, military commanders and other officials of the Ottoman Empire, as well as wealthy merchants and artisans. Balkan cities population was in the rise in the fifteenthcentury, and during the sixteenth century it was doubled. Most of the city’s population were Muslims. They were not, as is often thought, mostly officers and soldiers of the Ottoman Empire or foreigners, but the majority of the urban population were localpeople, artisans and merchants, and various officers. Sarajevo has been developed within one civilization, along with other cities in the Balkans. The most intensive development of Sarajevo during the Ottoman period was in the sixteenth century, so it became the largest and most important city in Bosnia and one of the major cities in the Balkans. All characteristicsof an Islamic Ottoman town, both in urban development, division into two zones of housing and economic (mahala – bazaar), as well as the development of trade and their guilds and development of trade, were expressed. It was the administrative, economic, cultural and educational center of the Bosnian Sanjak, later eyalet.
The Primary School Movement in the South Slav Lands of the Habsburg Monarchy in the Era of Dualism. Ideal and Reality
Authors: Okey Robin
Published: March 2023

Primary education was an important issue in the Balkan countries during the social and national awakenings of the nineteenth century. While the development of a school system with a structured curriculum, staffed by qualified, faculty-educated teaching staff of both sexes, is well known, its ideological foundations may deserve more attention. This study takes as its starting point the most radical wing of the movement, a (by no means homogeneous) group around the Croatian educational magazine Napredak (1859), which under the partial influence of German Protestant pedagogy advocated non-denominational schools free of state or clerical tutoring, as well as Yugoslav fraternity. were implicit in Croatian taste. Croatian teachers have played a significant role in the development of primary education in Bosnia, although the final adoption of the principle of non-denominational schools is more due to the state's concern to counter Bosnian Serb influence - whose denominational schools developed thanks to immigrants from the Monarchy. . The idealism of the educational movement was submerged by three main factors, exacerbated by official suspicion: religious opposition in the Catholic, Orthodox, and Muslim camps; related ethno-national differences in the last two cases and, finally, the lack resources in still underdeveloped societies. The education budget has been spent too disproportionately on post-primary education, reflecting a propensity for elite and instrumental funding of “class” lines rather than educating the “man” of liberal ideas. In addition to the objective difficulties, there was the problem of teacher dissatisfaction with the gap between ideals and reality, and their low status among a largely indifferent, if not hostile population. The fate of primary education has thus become a symbol of the difficulties that Balkan society has encountered in the process of "modernization".
The Effects of Multiple Exemplar Instruction(MEI) on Naming in Children with Intellectual Disabilities
Authors:   Special Education Research Institute, Ahn Hyunmi , Jung Sunhwa
Published: March 2023

Purpose: This study investigated the effects of multiple exemplar instruction (MEI) on the naming of children with intellectual disabilities.
Method: Two students aged 10-11 years old with intellectual disabilities participated in the study. MEI was implemented to establish naming of the children and the effects of the intervention was evaluated using a multiple probe design. Using four picture sets consisting of 5 pictures each, the children were taught to match a picture to the sample as listener behavior. Then the children were tested to see if they learned untaught listener behavior (pointing) and the speaker behaviors(tact, intraverbal).
Results: The results showed that both children acquired untaught listener and speaker behavior.
Conclusion: This study indicated that the multiple exemplar instruction (MEI) was effective to establish naming for children with intellectual disabilities.
A Review on Current Status and Needs of Support for Guardians of People with Disabilities
Authors:   Special Education Research Institute, Yoon Ae-Young , Lee Misuk , Han Min-Kyung , Ra In-Jung , Yang So-Hyun
Published: March 2023

Purpose: This study presented the concept of guardians of the people with disabilities and presented the contents of support by life cycle and support by disability types. The results of this study were meaningful in preparing measures for domestic disabled guardian support policies and services.
Method: For the purpose of this study, it was intended to clearly understand the status of support for guardians of the people with disabilities in Korea by examining laws, academic studies, and degree papers related to support for guardians of the people with disabilities by life cycle and disability types.
Results: The research results focused on the concept and area of support for guardians of the people with disabilities, understanding of support by life cycle, and support by disability types. In the concept of support for guardians of the people with disabilities, the legal definition of guardians of the people with disabilities, family members as guardians of the people with disabilities, and support areas for guardians of the people with disabilities were examined. In the trend of supporting guardians for the people with disabilities by the life cycle, the request for support for guardians of the people with disabilities required in the life cycle such as infancy, childhood, adolescence, transition period, and adulthood was presented. As for the status of support for guardians of the people with disabilities by disability types and the demand for support, the status of support felt by guardians of the people with disabilities by each disability type such as visual, hearing, physical, developmental, and intermediate redundancy were presented.
Conclusion: Direct support for carers of people with disabilities should be focused, and support services for carers of people with disability should be expanded considering the life cycle and disability types of people with disabilities.
Literature Review on Internal and External Structure of Special Education Curriculum Textbooks and Utilization of Electronic Resources
Authors:   Special Education Research Institute, Lee Misuk , Yoon Ae-Young , Ra In-Jung , Kim BoMin
Published: March 2023

Purpose: This study examined how the internal and external structure of special education curriculum textbooks are organized and how electronic resources are utilized. Method: For this study, journal articles and books related to curriculum, research forum data, and special education curriculum-related policies and government reports were included in the scope of the literature review. Results: The themes of the literature review included the legality of special education curriculum textbooks, the format of special education curriculum textbooks, development of special education curriculum textbooks according to the revision of special education curriculum, internal and external structure, electronic resources of special education curriculum, and development of special education curriculum reflecting on future education. Conclusion: It is required to develop curriculum textbooks that could be flexibly modified based on the characteristics of each subject area to promote students’ self-directed learning.
A Cooperative Action Research on the Topic Selection Activities Free School Year System Program of Special School: Focusing on the theme of the Cafe Management Project
Authors:   Special Education Research Institute, Lee Soo-Jung , Lim Kyoung-won
Published: March 2023

Purpose: he purpose of this study was to implement a cafe management project that utilized the theme of topic selection activities as economic education in a special school and to explore the practical knowledge gained by special teachers during this process. Method: A collaborative action study was conducted with a professional learning community consisting of subject only teachers and a homeroom teacher teaching for six students in the first grade middle school classroom. The collected data were analyzed comprehensive analysis procedure based on practical compromise, 46 semantic units, 13 subcategories, and four categories were derived after the analysis. Results: According to the results first, curriculum for the cafe management project was necessary to reorganize the curriculum between subjects based on the curriculum in special schools, Second, when operating the project as economic education, it is necessary to balance the contents, such as production, consumption, and distribution, Third, it was necessary to activate cooperative action research through a professional learning community in order to operate programs that guaranteed autonomy, such as topic selection activities however, the cases and information wore lacking. Conclusion: This study provided valuable preliminary result about specific field cases for the free school year system topic selection activities and examined practical Challenges.
MỐI LIÊN QUAN GIỮA DI CĂN HẠCH VÀ ĐẶC ĐIỂM KHỐI U Ở BỆNH NHÂN UNG THƯ PHỔI KHÔNG TẾ BÀO NHỎ ĐƯỢC PHẪU THUẬT NỘI SOI CẮT THÙY PHỔI, NẠO VÉT HẠCH
Authors: Lê Hải Sơn , Trần Trọng Kiểm , Mai Văn Viện
Published: March 2023

Mục tiêu: Mô tả mối liên quan giữa di căn hạch và đặc điểm khối u ở bệnh nhân (BN) ung thư phổi không tế bào nhỏ (UTPKTBN) được phẫu thuật nội soi (PTNS) cắt thùy phổi, nạo vét hạch. Đối tượng và phương pháp: Nghiên cứu tiến cứu và mô tả tình trạng di căn hạch theo đặc điểm khối u ở 98 BN UTPKTBN giai đoạn I - IIIA được PTNS cắt thùy phổi, nạo vét hạch tại Bệnh viện Trung ương Quân đội 108 từ tháng 5/2017 - 3/2021. Kết quả: Tỷ lệ di căn hạch chiếm 30,6%; tỷ lệ di căn hạch vùng trung thất trên của u thùy trên là 15,2%; tỷ lệ di căn hạch vùng trung thất dưới của u thùy dưới là 31,4%. Tỷ lệ di căn hạch chặng N1 cao nhất ở nhóm u ≥ 5 - 7 cm (25,0%), tỷ lệ di căn chặng N2 cao nhất ở nhóm u ≥ 3 - 5 cm (29,6%). Trong nhóm u có xâm lấn, tỷ lệ di căn hạch chặng N2 chiếm 26,5%. Kết luận: Di căn hạch có tính chất đặc trưng theo vị trí khối u và liên quan với kích thước khối u. Tính chất xâm lấn của khối u có xu hướng liên quan với mức độ di căn hạch.
Efectividad del mindfulness en niños y adolescentes con diagnóstico de TDAH: Una revisión sistemática
Authors: Mejía Rubio Andrea del Rocío , Núñez Núnez Mauricio , Flores Hernández Verónica Fernanda , Lara Salazar Mariela
Published: March 2023

El Trastorno por Déficit de Atención e Hiperactividad (TDAH) es un trastorno del neurodesarrollo caracterizado por la falta de atención, hiperactividad e impulsividad, que puede ser abordado por intervenciones basadas en atención plena o Mindfulness (MBI), ya que han demostrado ser estrategias que pueden mejorar los niveles de estrés, la desregulación emocional, el funcionamiento ejecutivo, la conciencia y la atención. Por tanto, el objetivo del estudio fue determinar la efectividad del Mindfulness en el tratamiento de sintomatología asociada a TDAH en niños y adolescentes, mediante una revisión sistemática de 7 artículos científicos publicados en Scopus, Web of Science y PubMed. Los resultados refieren diferencias intergrupales en las evaluaciones pre y post tratamiento; las comparaciones previas y posteriores a las pruebas reflejaron una mejoría en el rendimiento de ciertas funciones ejecutivas y desregulación emocional, específicamente en los grupos experimentales. En 6 estudios existe evidencia de mejoras estadísticamente significativas a nivel de 0.05; en 1 estudio no se mencionan medidas pre y post tratamiento, sin embargo, se reportan cambios en los problemas comportamentales de los niños tras la intervención. Se concluye que el mindfulness es una técnica eficaz, con respaldo científico y con beneficios en combinación con otras técnicas y programas dirigidos a niños y adolescentes con diagnóstico de TDAH.
MAITRISE DE STAGE ET EVOLUTION DE LA DENISTE EN MEDECINS GENERALISTES EN FRANCE. UNE ETUDE DE COHORTE ENTRE 2018 ET 2021
Authors: LE GOFF D , BESNIER M
Published: March 2023

Le 8 novembre 2021, le Sénat français adoptait un amendement au projet de loi de financement de la Sécurité sociale pour 2021 contraignant l’installation des nouveaux médecins libéraux1. Cette mesure coercitive illustrait les craintes des élus devant l’évolution de la démographie médicale. En France, la Direction de la recherche, des études, de l’évaluation et des statistiques (DRESS) estime que la densité médicale standardisée retrouvera son niveau actuel en 2035. En France, l’application de mesures coercitives à l’installation libérale pourrait faire fuir les nouveaux médecins vers le salariat à l’hôpital ou vers d’autres métiers2.
ANALISIS KEJAHATAN CYBERCRIME PADA PERETASAN DAN PENYADAPAN APLIKASI WHATSAPP
Authors: Khasanah Nurul , Sutabri Tata
Published: March 2023

Media sosial merupkan media yang digunakan untuk berkomunikasi, berbagi, bekerja sama, berinteraksi dengan penggunalain yang dijalankan melalui dunia maya Perkembangan teknologi saat ini semakin pesat seiring dengan perkembangannya waktu. Salah satu hal yang paling mendasar adalah mulainya muncul aplikasi yang berbasis media sosial salah satu nya adalah aplikasi WhatsApp. Peretasan merupakan suatu perbuatan/pembobolan terkait jaringan, sistem, atau komputer tanpa adanya izin dari pengguna. Cybercrime ialah kejahatan yang dilakukan melalui media virtual yang bisa dilakukan oleh teknologi cyber dan dapat dikategorikan sebagai tindakan criminal. Dampak negatif dari penggunaan aplikasi WhatsApp adalah masih memungkinkan untuk terjadinya proses penyadapan dimana melibatkan dua device yaitu windows dan android. Penulisan jurnal bertujuan untuk menganalisis terkait kejahatan cybercrime pada peretasan dan penyadapan aplikasi WhatsApp. Metode yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif. Kesimpulannya adalah Tindakan peretasan dan cybercrime pada aplikasi WhatsApp merupakan tindakan kriminal dan tidak boleh dicontoh. Dengan melakukan proses penyadapan pada aplikasi WhatsApp, pelaku kejahatan bisa mengetahui hal-hal yang penting dan bisa saja melakukan pembobolan data yang didapatkan melalui kode verifikasi WhatsApp.
ANALISIS MANIPULASI DATA AKUN DRIVER GO-JEK MENGGUNAKAN METODE FIELD RESEARCH
Authors: Pahlevi Reza , Sutabri Tata
Published: March 2023

Berkembangnya teknologi di era globalisasi tidak memungkiri seseorang melakukan tindak kejahatan termasuk di dalamnya tidakan untuk memanipulasi informasi elektronik. Kecanggihan teknologi memiliki peran yang sangat penting bagi kehidupan masyarakat. Selain di bidang komunikasi, perkembangan teknologi saat ini juga memiliki peran yang sangat penting dalam bidang pekerjaan seperti transportasi. Hal inilah menjadi penyebab timbulnya tindak kejahatan yang di lakukan oleh beberapa mitra pengemudi transportasi online untuk melakukan manipulasi data akun driver agar dapat melakukan orderan dengan tidak mengindahkan peraturan dan persyaratan sebagai seorang Mitra Gojek. Untuk melakukan penelitian ini, penulis mengunakan metode Field Research untuk survey dan eksperimen langsung ke lapangan dan menemui beberapa Driver Gojek. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa faktor yang menyebabkan terjadinya manipulasi data akun driver gojek adalah lemahnya sistem aplikasi dalam memvalidasi kepemilikan akun yang sebenarnya dan hukuman yang rendah bagi oknum yang tidak bertanggung jawab. Upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk Perusahaan Gojek ini yaitu melakukan pengembangan sistem yang membuat aplikasi dapat memvalidasi kepemilikan akun yang sebenarnya dan memberikan tindakan tegas kepada driver Gojek selaku Mitra yang baik dan bertanggung jawab atas pekerjaannya.
ANALISIS PENYADAPAN PADA APLIKASI WHATSAPP DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE SINKRONISASI DATA
Authors: Andi Putra Yusuf , Sutabri Tata
Published: March 2023

Latar belakang penelitian kali ini adalah dengan menggunakan analisa penyadapan pada aplikasi WhatsApp dengan adanya analisa ini maka dapat diketahui celah-celah yang dapat dimasuki oleh kejahatan yang ingin menyadap aplikasi WhatsApp. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian kali ini adalah dengan menggunakan metode literatur review dengan menggunakan bacaan pada jurnal-jurnal sebelumnya, sehingga dapat diketahui celah dan kekurangan dari jurnal sebelumnya sehingga dapat dilengkapi pada jurnal yang ada pada penelitian ini. Masalah yang diangkat pada penelitian kali ini adalah bagaimana menganalisa celah-celah dari penyadapan aplikasi WhatsApp, sehingga dapat diketahui apa saja yang diperlukan jika ingin mencegah kejahatan tersebut. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah bagaimana mencegah dari penyadapan WhatsApp yang dilakukan oleh orang yang tidak bertanggung jawab sehingga pada penelitian ini dapat diketahui setelah celah apa saja dan apa saja yang harus dilakukan jika ingin mencegah hal tersebut.
ANALISIS PENINGKATAN KEAMANAN PADA SIMPLE NETWORK TIME PROTOCOL (SNTP) UNTUK MENDETEKSI CYBERCRIME DALAM AKTIFITAS JARINGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE FIREWALL
Authors: Rezano Akhiruddin Deddy , Sutabri Tata
Published: March 2023

Sebuah Sistem Jaringan Komputer yang handal dan tangguh sangatlah diperlukan dalam membantu pelaksanaan tugas dan fungsi pokok organisasi pemerintahan, apalagi di era Teknologi Informasi yang terus berkembang dengan pesat seperti ini. Serangan terhadap keamanan sistem informasi (security attack) dan Kejahatan computer (cybercrime) seringkali terjadi dan dilakukan oleh sekelompok orang yang berusaha menembus suatu keamanan sebuah sistem untuk untuk mencari, mendapatkan, mengubah, dan bahkan menghapus informasi yang ada pada sistem tersebut. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisa dan meningkatkan keamanan dalam mengenali jenis serangan yang sering terdapat di sistem jaringan dan memberikan proteksi seluruh komputer client dari segala serangan seperti malware, virus, worm, Trojan pada jaringan komputer Badan Pengelola Keuangan dan Aset Daerah Kabupaten Ogan Komering Ilir. Peneliti menggunakan Metode Firewall untuk mengontrol akses ke jaringan dan memblokir akses yang tidak diizinkan. Dalam konteks ini, firewall dapat digunakan untuk memblokir paket SNTP yang tidak valid atau yang berasal dari sumber yang tidak dikenal. Hasil akhir dari penelitian ini adalah sebuah sistem jaringan yang dikombinasikan dengan perangkat MikroTik dan Firewall untuk mengawasi serangan yang masuk ke dalam jaringan lokal.
Naming Practices in Object-oriented Programming: An Empirical Study
Authors: Gresta Remo , Durelli Vinicius , Cirilo Elder
Published: March 2023

Currently, research indicates that comprehending code takes up far more developer time than writing code. Given that most modern programming languages place little to no limitations on identifier names, and so developers are allowed to choose identifier names at their own discretion, one key aspect of code comprehension is the naming of identifiers. Research in naming identifiers shows that informative names are crucial to improving the readability and maintainability of programs: essentially, intention-revealing names make code easier to understand and act as a basic form of documentation. Poorly named identifiers tend to hurt the comprehensibility and maintainability of software systems. However, most computer science curricula emphasize programming concepts and language syntax over naming guidelines and conventions. Consequently, programmers lack knowledge about naming practices. This article is an extension of our previous study on naming practices. Previously, we set out to explore naming practices of Java programmers. To this end, we analyzed 1,421,607 identifier names (i.e., attributes, parameters, and variables names) from 40 open-source Java projects and categorized these names into eight naming practices. As a follow-up study to further investigate naming practices, we examined 40 open-source C++ projects and categorized 1,181,774 identifier names according to the previously mentioned eight naming practices. We examined the occurrence and prevalence of these categories across C++ and Java projects and our results also highlight in which contexts identifiers following each naming practice tend to appear more regularly. Finally, we also conducted an online survey questionnaire with 52 software developers to gain insight from the industry. All in all, we believe the results based on the analysis of 2,603,381 identifier names can be helpful to enhance programmers’ awareness and contribute to improving educational materials and code review methods.
Avaliação Prática de um Detector de Defeitos: teoria versus implementação
Authors: Estefanel Luiz Angelo Barchet , Jansch-Pôrto Ingrid
Published: March 2023

A transposição de um modelo teórico para uma implementação costuma apresentar diversos problemas inesperados. No caso dos detectores de defeitos, a carência de publicações que demonstrem tais experiências muitas vezes leva a esforços duplicados e atrasos na solução dos problemas. Este artigo apresenta a experiência e as observações realizadas durante o desenvolvimento de um detector de defeitos Heartbeat, ilustrando bem os problemas desta transposição e quais soluções práticas foram tomadas neste experimento.