bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Kinematik Bidang Diskontinuitas Batuan Volkanik di Desa Seloharjo dan Sekitarnya Kecamatan Pundong Kabupaten Bantul Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta
Authors: Adam Ignasius Mahendradewa , Hadi Zihad Tafaul
Published: December 2023

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis kinematika bidang diskontinuitas pada batuan volkanik untuk mengidentifikasi karakteristik gerakan massa serta mengidentifikasi arah dan tipe longsoran di daerah Seloharjo dan sekitarnya, kecamatan Pundong, Kabupaten Bantul, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Pengambilan data diskontinuitas berupa kekar (joint set) dengan metode scanline (tahap lapangan). Tahap selanjutnya dilakukan analisis metode kinematika menggunakan proyeksi stereografis dengan bantuan software Dips 6.0 dan klasifikasi sistem Rock Mass Rating (RMR). RMR digunakan untuk menentukan pembobotan dari suatu massa batuan dengan mengevaluasi ketahanan massa batuan. Lokasi penelitian mencakup 2 titik lokasi pengamatan (LP), yaitu pada koordinat 7° 59’ 19.3” LS dan 110° 19’ 19.0” BT (LP 1) dan pada koordinat 7° 59’ 24.3” LS dan 110° 19’ 19.2” BT (LP 2). Pada LP 1, berdasarkan nilai pembobotan RMR sebesar 63 pada batuan volkanik andesit, termasuk batuan kelas II atau tergolong baik (Good rock) dengan nilai kemiringan lereng (ψf) = 78°, kemiringan garis perpotongan dua bidang diskontinuitas (ψi) = 59° dan nilai sudut geser dalam (ϕ) = 45°, (ψf > ψi > ϕ), sehingga berpotensi untuk terbentuk jenis longsoran baji (wedge failure). Pada LP 2 berdasarkan nilai pembobotan RMR sebesar 59 pada batuan andesit, termasuk batuan kelas III yaitu Batu sedang (Fair rock) dengan nilai kemiringan lereng (ψf) = 66°, kemiringan garis perpotongan dua bidang diskontinuitas (ψi) = 48° dan nilai sudut geser dalam (ϕ) = 35° (ψf > ψi > ϕ), sehingga berpotensi untuk terbentuk jenis longsoran baji (wedge failure).
Identifikasi Sistem Panasbumi Hu’u Daha Kabupaten Dompu, Nusa Tenggara Barat Menggunakan Pemodelan 3D Inversi Metode Gravitasi, Analisis Derivative dan Land Surface Temperature
Authors: Restiana Andini , Sari Feby Puspita , Fadrian Dhika Faiz , Anjali Delia , Firmansyah Aep
Published: December 2023

Ketergantungan pada energi fosil terus meningkat seiring dengan meningkatnya tuntutan kehidupan. Oleh karena itu, ketergantungan kita pada energi fosil perlu dialihkan dengan menggunakan energi panasbumi. Salah satu daerah prospek panasbumi di Kabupaten Dompu, Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat adalah Hu’u Daha 35 km di sebelah timur Kabupaten Dompu memiliki potensi terduga ±69 MW. Penelitian lebih lanjut dilakukan pada sistem panasbumi Hu’u Daha melalui korelasi analisis peta Land Surface Temperature (LST), analisis derivative, dan pemodelan inversi 3D sehingga dapat diketahui dugaan keterdapatan lapisan reservoir berupa batuan lava dan breksi berkomposisi andesit dan basalt serta sisipan batuan tufa dengan rerata kedalaman 633 – 1500 m dengan nilai densitas 3,4 - 3,33 gr/cm3 yang dilingkupi oleh lapisan cap rock berupa batuan lava hasil erupsi dengan kedalaman rata-rata 0 – 633 m dengan nilai densitas 3,51 – 3,44 gr/cm3, serta terdapat 11 patahan yang mengontrol sistem panasbumi berupa 2 strike-slip fault, 7 normal fault, dan 2 reverse fault. Berdasarkan analisis peta Land Surface Temperature (LST) yang di overlay dengan peta geologi dapat diketahui pula persebaran suhu permukaan daerah Hu’u Daha berkisar antara 26°C – 28,4°C.
MICROBIAL DIVERSITY AND THE MODERN APPROACH TO THE INVESTIGATION OF COMPLEX MICROBIAL ECOSYSTEMS
Authors: AVGUŠTIN G.
Published: December 2023

Our knowledge about microbial diversity has been rapidly accumulating due to the application of the modern molecular biology based techniques. DNA sequence based taxonomy and phylogenetic studies were among the first that implemented molecular biology techniques but the field of microbial diversity seems to be the one that will profit most. Traditional estimations of the numbers of different microorganisms inhabiting our planet have been surpassed by the first molecular screenings of the natural microbial ecosystems and while everybody agrees that the known microorganisms can only represent a minor share of planetary microbiota, nobody can really estimate the actual size of it. Techniques that are not tied to the isolation and cultivation procedures are the only ones that could make progress in the field. A review of the history of implementation of molecular biology methods in microbiology is presented.
Influence of queen mothers on the honeybee hive varroa mite population in the year 1998
Authors: POKLUKAR Janez
Published: December 2023

Varroa mite population was studied in 317 hives located in 40 apiaries in July 1998. Queens originated from 46 mother queens were reared at 16 different rearing locations in Slovenia. Diagnostic treatment represented 10 ml of 85 % formic acid applied on the bottom board. Fallen mites were counted 48 hours after treatment. We found a highly significant effect of the apiary on the varroa infestation by using the analysis of variance. Queen rearing locations and mother queens nested within queen rearing locations did not affect a level of varroa infestation significantly. LSMEAN estimate extracted two mother queens with extremely small varroa population (Kropivšek b/97 and Vozelj 1/97). There was no evidence of a colony having a significantly higher level of varroa mite infestation than tested population of bees. Highly infested colonies yielded approximately 2 kg less honey than less infested bee colonies.
Fatty acid composition of eggs enriched with omega –3 fatty acids on the market
Authors: STIBILJ Vekoslava , KOMAN RAJŠP Mojca , HOLCMAN Antonija
Published: December 2023

The aim of our work was to determine fatty acid content in eggs enriched with omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids from various producers on the market. Due to simplicity, speed and reduced organic solvent usage, we used the in situ trans-esterification ISTE method for the determination of the fatty acid composition in eggs. The method was checked by the analysis of certified reference material CRM 164 (Anhydrous Milk Fat). The analytical results are in good accordance with certified values. The obtained results show that enriched eggs have a better fatty acid composition than average table eggs, regardless the producer. The ratio of FAs w -6 to w -3 in enriched eggs is less than 5, being 10 in ordinary eggs. An approximately equal content of alpha linolenic acid (18:3, n-3) was found in the enriched eggs from Jata Reja and Maia, 1.29 wt % and 1.25 wt % respect., while it was 11.28 wt % in the Fisher-Weppler’s eggs. The comparison of obtained results, the fatty acid content per 100 g egg content, with literature data is quite difficult, because authors calculate the content of FA in various ways. According to recent data from the literature (Weihrauch et al., 1977, Guardiola et al., 1994, Fatty acids, 1998, Kunachowicz et al., 1998), we have chosen a conversion factor of 0.83 in order to calculate the total fatty acids content in a 100 g egg content. The producers should declare the fatty acid composition, i.e. the content of w -3 PUFA-s, EPA and DHA on the package so that consumers are informed about the nutritional value of the food.
Dietary cation-anion difference in rations for pregnant dried off cows
Authors: RAJČEVIČ Marija , LEVSTEK Jože , RAJČEVIČ Uroš , ILC Tone
Published: December 2023

On a farm with 230 Friesian cows, winter and summer nutrition of highly pregnant dry cows was studied. Dietary cation-anion difference in the rations (DCAD) was calculated to estimate its possible connection with the incidence of milk fever and hypocalcaemia in cows. In winter season daily ration was composed of 3 kg of hay, 10-13 kg of grass silage and 10-13 kg of maize silage, with 1 kg of concentrate and 50 g of min.-vit. mixture. During summer season cows grazed and were additionally fed 3 kg of hay and 8 kg of maize silage till mid June, then until the end of season the maize silage was replaced by 10 of grass silage. A week before expected date of calving, cows were fed an additional 2 kg of concentrate. Throughout the dry period the cows were also fed 100 g of min.-vit. mixture. Dietary cation-anion difference was estimated as milliequivalent (meq) per kg of DM [(K++Na+) – (Cl-+S--)] (Oetzel, 1993). In winter months (November-February) dietary cation-anion difference ranged from 365 to 373 meq kg-1 DM. In studied months of winter season 83 cows calved, 9 of which were treated for milk fever and 5 for hypocalcaemia. In summer season (May-September) dietary cation-anion difference ranged from 27 to 238 meq -1kg DM. In studied months of summer season 73 cows calved, 6 of which were treated for milk fever and 3 for hypocalcaemia.
V SPOMIN prof. dr. Janezu POGAČARJU
Authors: STEKAR Jasna M.A.
Published: December 2023

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influence of substrate concentration and growth phase on expression of Butyrivibrio sp. Mz5 endoxylanases
Authors: ZOREC Maša , MARINŠEK-LOGAR Romana , ČEPELJNIK Tadej , NEKREP Franc V.
Published: December 2023

Butyrivibria represent a significant proportion of bacterial isolates from different ruminants. The strain Butyrivibrio sp. Mz5 was originally isolated from the rumen of a black and white Frisian cow. It possesses very high xylanolytic activity, at least 1.65 times higher than any of the tested anaerobic bacteria, as shown earlier. The inducibility by substrate, the influence of substrate concentration and growth phase on expression of its endoxylanases were tested in the present work. Xylanase activity of Butyrivibrio sp. Mz5 was found to be inducible, the specific activity of cells grown on xylan being increased 34-fold in comparison with cells grown on soluble carbon sources. The 51 kDa- and 145 kDa-endoxylanases are constitutive. The highest xylanolytic activity was detected after 16 hours growth and at 0.5% xylan concentration in growth medium. The majority of the xylanolytic activity was cell bound. Lower concentrations of xylan promoted the release of xylanolytic enzymes into the medium. The 26.7 kDa endoxylanase showed resistence to lower pH. The data obtained will help to achieve maximal xylanolytic activity for the needs of enzyme purification.
Ocenjevanje parametrov križanja za velikost gnezda pri prašičih
Authors: LOGAR Betka , KOVAČ Milena
Published: December 2023

V raziskavo je bilo vključenih 46 960 prasitev pri svinjah pasme švedska landrace (SL) in large white (LW) ter F1 križankah teh pasem, liniji 12 (SL x LW) in liniji 21 (LW x SL). S ponovljivostnim modelom živali smo analizirali število rojenih in število živorojenih pujskov od prve do šeste zaporedne prasitve. Razliko med posameznimi genotipi smo obravnavali v obliki parametrov križanj. Proučevali smo maternalne komponente: aditivni maternalni vpliv, maternalni heterozis in aditivni vpliv stare matere, ki so bile obravnavane kot neodvisne spremenljivke. Prispevek aditivnega maternalnega vpliva k razliki med pasmama (SL-LW) je bil večji za število živorojenih (0,36) kot za število rojenih pujskov (0,09). Oceni maternalnega heterozisa, ki pojasnjujeta odstopanje linij od povprečja pasem, sta za število rojenih pujskov 0,69 in 0,72 za število živorojenih pujskov v gnezdu. Razlika med linijama (SL x LW-LW x SL) je zanemarljiva (0,06 za rojene in –0,03 za živorojene pujske).
Dvolastnostni model za velikost gnezda po zaporednih prasitvah pri prašičih
Authors: LOGAR Betka , KOVAČ Milena
Published: December 2023

Namen raziskave je bil izvrednotiti genetske korelacije med velikostjo gnezda pri mladicah in pri starih svinjah. Analizirali smo število rojenih in število živorojenih pujskov od prve do šeste zaporedne prasitve. Skupno je bilo vključenih 24 334 prasitev pri pasmah švedska landrace (SL) in large white (LW), liniji 12 (SL × LW) in liniji 21 (LW × SL). Z modelom živali smo ocenili visoke genetske korelacije med velikostjo gnezda pri mladicah in starih svinjah tako za število rojenih (0,92) kot za število živorojenih pujskov v gnezdu (0,92), kar nam je služilo za obravnavo velikosti gnezda pri različnih zaporednih prasitvah kot ene lastnosti. Oceni heritabilitet za velikost gnezda pri mladicah ter pri starih svinjah sta višji za število rojenih (0,14) kot za število živorojenih pujskov (0,12). Dobljeni rezultati nakazujejo primernost ponovljivostnega modela za selekcijo velikosti gnezda v proučevani populaciji.
Izdelava probiotičnega sira z dodatkom Lactobacillus gasseri LF221(Rifr) in K7(Rifr)
Authors: PERKO Bogdan , BOGOVIČ MATIJAŠIĆ Bojana , ROGELJ Irena
Published: December 2023

Lactobacillus gasseri LF221 in K7 sta humana izolata, ki proizvajata bakteriocine s širokim spektrom protimikrobne aktivnosti, sta odporna proti nizkim pH vrednostim in žolču, preživita v prebavnem traktu miši in pujskov in s tem izpolnjujeta osnovne kriterije za probiotični sev. Proučevali smo možnost izdelave sira z dodatkom sevov LF221 ali K7 in njuno obstojnost med procesom zorenja sira. V raziskavi smo uporabili derivate Lactobacillus gasseri LF221(Rifr) in K7(Rifr) rezistentne proti rifampicinu (250 μg ml–1). V eksperimentalni sirarni smo izdelovali poltrdi sir iz 80 L mleka. Mleko za sir smo cepili samo z živimi celicami LF221(Rifr) ali K7(Rifr) (približno 107 ml–1 mleka za sir) ali pa v kombinaciji s startersko kulturo Streptococcus thermophilus TH-4. Startersko kulturo TH-4 smo uporabili za pospešitev acidifikacije med sirjenjem in stiskanjem sirov. Med šest tedenskim zorenjem smo tedensko aseptično jemali vzorce sira in v g sira ugotavljali število kolonijskih enot (KE) laktobacilov (Rogosa), streptokokov (Chalmer), koliformnih bakterij (VRB) in celic LF221(Rifr) in K7(Rifr) (MRS+rifampicin). Za potrditev sevov LF221 in K7 smo uporabili RAPD analizo in oligonukleotidni začetnik 5’ AGTCAGCCAC 3’. Oba humana izolata počasi rasteta v mleku in ju ne moremo uporabiti kot samostojni starterski kulturi. Z dodatkom starterske kulture TH-4 smo izdelali probiotični sir dobrih senzoričnih lastnosti. Humana izolata nista vplivala na število streptokokov v siru. Medtem, ko se je v kontrolnem siru brez dodanih probiotičnih bakterij število nestarterskih laktobacilov med zorenjem povečevalo, sta v siru z dodanimi probiotičnimi bakterijami prevladovala seva LF221(Rifr) in K7(Rifr). Kolonije, zrasle na MRS agarju z rifampicinom smo z RAPD analizo uspešno potrdili kot seva LF221 in K7. Na koncu 6-tedenskega zorenja so siri vsebovali približno 108 KE g–1 probiotičnih bakterij.
Zgodnje upokojevanje kmetov v Sloveniji in možni učinki – želja ali realnost?
Authors: KAVČIČ Stane
Published: December 2023

Analizirali smo primernost in ekonomske razsežnosti morebitnega izvajanja ukrepa zgodnjega upokojevanja v Sloveniji. Uporabili smo pristop simulacijske analize s pomočjo različnih scenarijev izvajanja ukrepa, ki upoštevajo starostno strukturo kmetijskih gospodarjev, njihov socialni položaj in kmetijske površine v njihovi obdelavi. Odzivnost gospodarjev na morebitno uvedbo ukrepa smo ocenili s pomočjo ankete, kar nam je skupaj s strukturo kmetij potencialnih upravičencev za ukrep omogočilo izdelavo ocene finančnih razsežnosti njegovega izvajanja. Ukrep zgodnjega upokojevanja bi lahko precej pospešil generacijsko zamenjavo gospodarjev, manj učinkovit pa bi bil pri izboljšanju velikostne strukture kmetijskih gospodarstev. Povprečni stroški prenosa kmetijskih zemljišč bi znašali med 500 in 700 € ha–1 letno, pri povprečnem obdobju izplačevanja rente najmanj 10 let. Računamo lahko, da bi s sredstvi v višini 20 do 25 mio € letno v nekajletnem začetnem obdobju izvajanja ukrepa za prenos sprostili 30 do 35 tisoč ha kmetijskih zemljišč. Pri manjših razpoložljivih sredstvih bi bil učinek manjši, vendar ne sorazmerno, saj bi bil pri strožje postavljenih kriterijih prenos zemljišč lahko cenejši – bolj učinkovit. Ukrep zgodnjega upokojevanja bi bil v slovenskih razmerah zaradi razdrobljene velikostne strukture kmetij in z njim povezanim majhnim prenosom zemljišč na posameznega prenosnika razmeroma drag.  Ob predvidoma 75–80 % sofinanciranju ukrepa iz Evropskega usmerjevalnega in jamstvenega sklada pa vseeno kaže možnosti ukrepa čim bolj izkoristiti.
Rastlinsko gradivo prvega botaničnega parka na Slovenskem – Brda pri Kranju
Authors: DOBRILOVIČ Marko , KRAVANJA Nikolaja
Published: December 2023

Na Slovenskem je Karel Zois leta 1781 ustanovil prvi botanični vrt (park Brdo pri Kranju). Članek se osredotoča na pregled rastlinskega fonda tega parka. Na podlagi pregleda arhivskega gradiva, ki se nanaša na botanična raziskovanja Karla Zoisa in njegovo brdsko posest, je prikazana vsebina in prostorska struktura brdskega botaničnega parka. V njem je Karel Zois poleg avtohtonih rastlin, ki jih je nabiral na svojih botaničnih pohodih, gojil tudi tujerodne rastline, zlasti drevnino. Ugotovljeno je bilo, da je prvi uvedel številne javore (Acer creticum, A. negundo, A. pensylvanicum, A. saccharinum), katalpo (Catalpa bignonioides), tulipanovec (Liriodendron tulipifera) in mnoge druge drevesne in grmovne vrste. Rastline je uvažal iz Anglije, Italije, Nizozemske in Avstrije. Razporejal  jih je v pregledne nasade brez oblikovalskih namenov. Obliko je pogojevala rodovitnost zemljišč. Tujerodna rastlina je imela v tem vrtu  znanstveno vlogo.
Proučevanje možnosti vključitve klavnih lastnosti v napoved plemenske vrednosti pri prašičih
Authors: GORJANC Gregor , MALOVRH Špela , KOVAČ Milena , GLAVAČ-VNUK Marija , ZRIM Johan
Published: December 2023

Z namenom proučevanja možnosti vključitve klavnih lastnosti v napoved plemenske vrednosti pri prašičih smo ocenili komponente variance za lastnosti, ki se za ocenitev odstotka mesa v prašičjem trupu merijo na klavni liniji ter za lastnosti šunke. V analizo smo zajeli 2167 pitancev (1046 kastratov in 1121 svinjk) z znanim poreklom. Pitanci so bili skupinsko vhlevljeni s krmljenjem po volji v proizvodnih razmerah na farmi Nemščak. Zaklani so bili med aprilom 1999 in decembrom 2000. Komponente variance smo ocenili z enolastnostnimi modeli po metodi omejene največje zanesljivosti (REML). V sistematski del modelov smo vključili vpliv spola, genotipa in sezone (leto-mesec) kot vplive z nivoji ter maso toplih polovic ali starost ob zakolu kot linearni regresiji, v naključni del pa vpliv živali. Ocene heritabilitet so bile srednje do visoke; za maso toplih polovic (0,32), za meritev M (0,41), ki je najkrajša razdalja med prednjim koncem m. gluteus medius in zgornjim robom hrbteničnega kanala, za meritev S (0,45), ki je najtanjša debelina podkožnega maščobnega tkiva s kožo nad m. gluteus medius, za odstotek mesa (0,46), za maso mesa (0,38), za maso šunke (0,32), za maso kože s podkožno maščobo šunke (0,47), za maso mesa in kosti šunke (0,41), ter dnevni prirast mase toplih polovic (0,32) in dnevni prirast mase mesa (0,38). Poleg heritabilitet so bile velike tudi aditivne genetske variance. Za vključitev v selekcijski program bi na podlagi ocen predlagali odstotek mesa in maso kože s podkožno maščobo šunke.
Determination of minimal cutting speed by flailing potato vines
Authors: GODEŠA Tone
Published: December 2023

Mathematic model was developed to determine minimal cutting speed of flail knives at potato vine killing using special flail mower. Model bases on bending moment equilibrium and depends on mechanical properties of material to be cut, and height of cut level, as well as height of stalk. Mechanical properties of potato stalk were measured and through the model calculated values were compared with experimental results. Average shear strength of potato stalk was 2.07 N/mm2 and Young’s modulus 51.23 N/mm2. Calculated minimal cutting speeds were from 4.01 to 11.8 m/s, depended upon different height of cutting level and centre of stalk mass. By flailing the potato vines with cutting speeds 6.2, 11.6 and 17.6 m/s, the average percentages of cut off stalks were 35%, 68% and 88% and lengths of rest part of stalks were 23, 20 and 10 cm respectively. The experimental results refected, that the predicted values of cutting speed showed good agreement with experimental values, therefore such mathematical model should be used to estimate the minimal required cutting speed at flailing potato vines.
Virus diseases and resistance to Bean common mosaic and Bean common mosaic necrosis potyvirus in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)
Authors: MAVRIČ Irena , ŠUŠTAR-VOZLIČ Jelka
Published: December 2023

Bean common mosaic potyvirus (BCMV) and Bean common mosaic necrosis potyvirus (BCMNV) are economically the most important viruses of common bean. They can reduce yield and quality of harvested product. High percentage of seed transmission (up to 83%) is one of the reasons for its distribution worldwide. They represent 7 pathogenicity groups and 10 strains. Pathogenicity groups can be determined by reactions of differential bean cultivars. BCMV and BCMNV can be differentiated on serological and molecular level but all strains cause similar symptoms in bean genotypes lacking resistance genes. The development of different reactions to virus infections depends on virus strain, bean cultivar and temperature. The host resistance genes and virus pathogenicity genes interact in development of different responses of bean plants after infection. Different combinations of dominant and recessive strain unspecific and recessive strain specific resistance genes confer more stable resistance to wider spectrum of virus strains. The causal viruses, interactions of host resistance and virus pathogenicity genes, in vivo recombinations of both viruses and methods for selecting the desired host genotype are reviewed.
Sensory acceptability of chocolate with inulin
Authors: GOLOB Terezija , MIČOVIĆ Elizabeta , BERTONCELJ Jasna , JAMNIK Mojca
Published: December 2023

The objective of this research was to study the influence of inulin on the sensory characteristics of chocolate. Three types of chocolate (milk, hazelnut and rice) where sucrose was replaced by inulin and fructose were studied in comparison to corresponding ordinary chocolates. A questionnaire between eighty diabetics and fifty-two random consumers showed that the chocolate with inulin was well accepted. It was stated that questioners were aware of the nutritional quality of functional foods. Consumer test using 7-point hedonic scale to assess the preference was performed with 65 children aged between 11 and 13 years. They assessed ordinary chocolate as favourite. Then three difference tests: duo-trio, triangular and paired comparison test were used to determine whether there is a sensory difference between ordinary chocolate and chocolate with inulin. The results showed that the sensory differences existed. Finally a sensory panel of 7 trained assessors performed an analytical test with quantitatively characterisation of eight sensory attributes. It was established that there were statistical significant differences between sensory properties of these types of chocolate. The main differences appeared in sweetness and solubility. In general, the acceptability of chocolate with inulin was good. However, the chocolate with less sugar, high content of dietary fibre and lower energy value is considered as a functional food.
Amplification of fluorescent-labelled microsatellite markers in olives by a novel, economic method
Authors: BANDELJ Dunja , JAKŠE Jernej , JAVORNIK Branka
Published: December 2023

A novel method for the economic fluorescent labelling of PCR products and its features are described. To investigate the efficiency of the method for amplification of olive microsatellite markers, PCR conditions of three loci were optimised. The results showed that the method can be successfully applied in genotyping studies of olive varieties.
Monitoring of Myzus persicae (Sulzer) in potato fields in Kosovo
Authors: MUSA Fadil M. , CARLI Carlo , SUSURI Latif R. , PIREVA Ismail M.
Published: December 2023

Among the pests infesting potato crops, green peach aphid (Myzus persicae Sulzer) represents one of the most virulent insects. A survey was conducted in different potato fields in Kosovo during 2000-2001 growing season to assess Myzus persicae build up and distribution. In this respect, the survey was set up in three most important localities for potato production in Kosovo: Vuçitrn, Podujevo and Dragash. Aphid monitoring was conducted using the common method of aphid-leaf count (Raman, 1984). Based on the results of the survey, significant differences in aphid build up and distribution were observed with regard to the surveyed localities, years of survey and their interaction.
Ocena
Authors: MAČEK Jože
Published: December 2023

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Diagnostic use of proficiency testing in dairy laboratory
Authors: HANUŠ Oto , GENČUROVÁ Václava , HERING Pavel , KLIMEŠ Miloš , JEDELSKÁ Radoslava
Published: December 2023

The composition of raw milk (RM) is important for milk recording, herd improvement, payment of milk and for quality evaluation. The reliability of routine analytical results is therefore significant. A mistake occurrence could jeopardize the efficiency of results. Milk laboratories (ML) perform the systems of analytical quality assurance. Proficiency tests are carried out usually by 10 RM samples with modified variability of components. At evaluation the system of Euclidian distance (Re=(2+sd2)0.5) for participants order according to their analytical result reliability is used. Two specificaly modified types (designs) of systematic diagnostical graphs were constructed on the Re basis. The first type of flow diagnostical diagram for RM analysators is based on Shewhart´s diagram principles for Re parameter (alternating system of result rendering before and after calibrations). The second type is based on analysator set comparisons before (proficiency test results) and after calibration (success of calibration) by Re. The opposite comparison is possible and valuable as well. It makes possible the diagnosis and incidental co-ordinating of the corrections in the case of the unconformity occurrence. The positive contributions of the developed diagnostic graphics system are expected to: – improvement of estimation of unconformity sources of RM routine analytical results, their origin and character; – determination and improvement of incidental result corrections and instrument repairs; – improvement of reliability of routine results of RM analyses in general.
Razgradnja ksilana z različnimi ksilanazami vampne bakterije Pseudobutyrivibrio xylanivorans Mz5T
Authors: ČEPELJNIK Tadej , FIDLER Katarina , MARINŠEK-LOGAR Romana
Published: December 2023

Uporaba ksilanaz kot krmnih dodatkov je pri monogastričnih živalih zelo obetavna, saj so njihov ugoden učinek na zdravstveno stanje in prirast živali potrdile številne raziskave. Pred kratkim je bila opisana nova vrsta vampne bakterije P. xylanivorans s tipskim sevom Mz5T, ki je močno ksilanolitična. Nekaj njenih ksilanolitičnih encimov je že opisanih, preiskati pa želimo še ostale, da bi ugotovili vzrok visoke ksilanolitične aktivnosti in možnosti uporabe bakterije kot probiotika pri monogastričnih živalih (prašiči, perutnina) ali encimov kot krmnih dodatkov. Iz celičnega izvlečka smo uspeli delno očistiti ksilanazi, veliki 44 kDa in 81 kDa in delno proučiti njuno encimsko delovanje. Primerjali smo tudi encimsko delovanje na celično površino vezanih ksilanaz s ksilanazami celičnega izvlečka. 44 kDa ksilanaza je eksoksilanaza brez β-ksilozidazne aktivnosti, pri ksilanazi velikosti 81 kDa predvidevamo, da gre za endoksilanazo. Ksilanolitični encimi celične površine učinkovito razgrajujejo ksilan, vendar niso sposobni cepiti ksilobioze. Le-to razgradijo ksilanolitični encimi v notranjosti celice.
Podnebne spremembe in ranljivost kmetijstva
Authors: KAJFEŽ-BOGATAJ Lučka
Published: December 2023

Globalno ogrevanje našega planeta postaja fizikalno izmerjeno dejstvo. Mnenje klimatologov je, da se bodo spremembe podnebja nadaljevale še bolj izrazito, saj bo prišlo do sprememb v celotnem klimatskem sistemu, ki ga sestavljajo poleg atmosfere še hidrosfera, kriosfera, biosfera in njihove interakcije. Spremenjene temperaturne razmere in razporeditev padavin, kakor tudi spremembe drugih meteoroloških spremenljivk, bodo vplivale na vsa področja človekovega delovanja. Kmetijstvo je kompleksno odvisno od vremenskih in klimatskih danosti in je v zvezi s podnebnimi spremembami močno ranljivo. Podnebne spremembe bodo lahko pozitivno ali negativno vplivale tako na rastlinsko kot živinorejsko pridelavo. Najbolj je kmetijstvo ranljivo zaradi ekstremnega vremena, kamor štejemo zlasti suše, poplave, neurja s točo, pa tudi nizke temperature s pozebami ter vročinske valove. Pogostnost ekstremnih vremenskih dogodkov se bo povečala, regionalno pa se bo ob zvišani temperaturi zraka različno spreminjal padavinski režim. Ker bodo med učinki podnebnih sprememb na kmetijstvo prevladovali negativni, je nujno, da se kmetijstvo čimprej začne prilagajati napovedanim podnebnim spremembam. Prilagoditve pa so povezane ne le z odločitvami in ukrepi posameznega kmeta, temveč tudi s kmetijsko politiko, tržnimi mehanizmi ter razvojnimi in tehnološkimi raziskavami.
Podnebne spremembe in njihovi vplivi na kakovost življenja ljudI
Authors: KAJFEŽ-BOGATAJ Lučka
Published: December 2023

Podnebne spremembe bodo vplivale na počutje in zdravje ljudi ter v splošnem na kakovost življenja, zato je preučevanje teh učinkov pomeben izziv za znanstvenike. Možne posledice podnebnih sprememb za zdravje ljudi bodo odvisne tako od velikosti in poteka podnebnih sprememb kot tudi od socio-ekonomskih dejavnikov. Glavni neposredni dejavnik, ki bo povzročal ranljivost na podnebne spremembe, bo povečana pogostnost in intenzivnost ekstremnih vremenskih dogodkov (poplave, neurja, suše). To bo povzročalo materialne škode, selitve prebivalstva, pomanjkanje hrane in vode, povečano smrtnost in širjenje bolezni. Ženska populacija bo bolj ranljiva. Vročinski valovi bodo usodni predvsem za stararostnike, kot bilo razvidno v Evropi poleti 2003. Povečana koncentracija CO2 in višje temperature bodo spodbudile rast alergogenih rastlin in podaljšale pelodno sezono. Podnebne spremembe bodo ogrožale tudi socio-ekonomski razvoj, demografske tokove, turizem in zdravstveno infrastrukturo. Učinski podnebnih sprememb bodo še posebej izraziti v velikih mestih, obalnih področjih in v gorskem svetu.
Concentration of suspension and temperature as factors of pathogenicity of entomopathogenic nematodes for the control of granary weevil, Sitophilus granarius (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)
Authors: TRDAN Stanislav , VALIČ Nevenka , UREK Gregor , MILEVOJ Lea
Published: December 2023

Efficacy of four species of entomopathogenic nematodes (Steinernema feltiae, S. carpocapsae, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora, H. megidis) for the control of granary weevil adults (Sitophilus granarius) was tested under laboratory condition. Suspensions of nematodes were applied in three concentrations (5.000, 10.000, and 20.000 IJs per ml) at three temperatures (15oC, 20oC and 25oC). After one week mortality of the beetles was assessed. No significant differences in the percentage of mortality were determined between treatments with S. feltiae, S. carpocapsae and H. bacteriophora, while H. megidis was the least efficient. Mortality of the beetles was statistically significantly higher at 20 and 25 oC. Influence of the concentration of the nematode suspension was proved to be less important in biological activity of biological agents in question.
Stročnice v kolobarju slovenskih ekoloških kmetij
Authors: KOCJAN AČKO Darja , TOLAR Špelca , ŠANTAVEC Igor
Published: December 2023

Analiza prisotnosti stročnic v kolobarju slovenskih ekoloških kmetij temelji na anketah, poslanih 30-im gospodarjem ekoloških kmetij konec leta 2002 in 2004 in na preučitvi sestave kolobarja na treh ekoloških kmetijah na Gorenjskem v obdobju 2001 do 2004. Rezultati anket kažejo, da je večini kmetov znan pomen stročnic pri ohranjanju in izboljšanju rodovitnosti tal, kljub temu pa stročnicam pri sestavi njivskih kolobarjev ne namenjajo pozornosti zaradi nepoznavanja vrst in tehnologije pridelave na njivi ter neznanja pri uporabi zrnja in zelinja za prehrano ljudi in živali. S preučitvijo sestave štiriletnih njivskih kolobarjev na treh ekoloških kmetijah je bilo ugotovljeno, da je delež okopavin v kolobarju na kmetiji A 48 %, na kmetiji B 57 % in na kmetiji C 41 %, kar v primerjavi z norfolkškim kolobarjem presega ustrezen 25-odstotni delež okopavin, nasprotno pa je delež žit v kolobarjih teh kmetij veliko manjši od  ustreznih 50 %  in sicer na kmetiji C jih je 34 %, na kmetiji A 29 %, na kmetiji B pa komaj 18 %; od stročnic so v njivskem kolobarju le detelje v mešanicah s travami (kmetija A 23 %, kmetija B 25 %, kmetija C 41 %), kar pomeni, da imata kmetiji A in B v kolobarju pomembno manj stročnic, ki bi morale v čistem posevku pokrivati 25 % zemljiščV predlogu izboljšanih kolobarjev je večji delež žit in manjši delež okopavin ter setev stročnic v smeri čistih posevkov detelj in debelo zrnatih stročnic za krmo živali v čistih posevkih (grah, soja) in v mešanih posevkih (ovsiga), ekološki kmetje pa bi morali razmisliti tudi o širjenju debelo zrnatih stročnic za prehrano ljudi iz gredic na njive.
Preiskovalna raziskava pripravljenosti kmetov za izvajanje socialnih storitev kot dopolnilne dejavnosti na kmetiji
Authors: VADNAL Katja
Published: December 2023

V preiskovalni raziskavi so proučevali pripravljenost slovenskih kmetov za razvoj ponudbe socialnih storitev za osebe z motnjo v duševnem razvoju kot dopolnilne dejavnosti na kmetiji. Uporabili so metodo ankete in metodo intervjuja. Rezultati ankete na neslučajnostnem vzorcu  155 kmetov kažejo, da bi se jih okoli 10 % za tako dejavnost najverjetneje odločilo. Pri tem sta jim oblika in intenzivnost storitve manj pomembni. Na kmetijo bi sprejeli 1-2 osebi ne glede na spol. Razmerje med kmetom in uporabnikom bi moralo biti urejeno s pogodbo. Pred sklenitvijo pogodbe bi bilo potrebno preizkusno obdobje od 1 do 2 mesecev. Kmet in oseba z motnjo bi morala opraviti program usposabljanja, ki naj bi potekal na domači kmetiji. V tem, da kmetje te dejavnosti ne poznajo, vidijo anketirani glavni razlog, da kmetije še niso vključene v slovenski sistem socialnega varstva. Na podlagi rezultatov ankete in izkušenj kmeta, ki že tri leta poskusno vključuje osebe z motnjo v delo na svoji kmetiji, so oblikovali model uvajanja oziroma izvajanja socialnih storitev kot dopolnilne dejavnosti na slovenskih kmetijah. Model izhaja iz sodelovanja med kmetom in lokalno socialno-varstveno institucijo in temelji na načelih postopnosti, partnerstva, poslovnosti in preglednosti.
Vpliv bakrovih spojin na količino ogljikovih hidratov v različnih rastlinskih delih trte (Vitis vinifera L.)
Authors: RUSJAN Denis , VEBERIČ Robert , KOROŠEC-KORUZA Zora
Published: December 2023

S poskusom smo ugotavljali vpliv bakrovih spojin na sintezo ogljikovih hidratov pri vinski trti (Vitis vinifera L.) sorte 'Merlot' v vinorodnem okolišu Goriška brda v letu 2003. Poskusnemu vinogradu smo priredili bločni poskus: obravnavanje z dvokratno (IPG), večkratno (BB) aplikacijo Cu spojin in (K) brez uporabe bakrovih spojin. Vsebnost ogljikovih hidratov v listih je bila večja pri K, medtem ko v skorji enoletnega lesa pri obravnavanju BB. Pozicija lista na mladiki ne vpliva na količino ogljikovih hidratov v listih. Z aplikacijo bakrovih spojin vplivamo na slabšo kakovost grozdja, saj smo povprečno najmanjše količine ogljikovih hidratov v grozdju dobili v grozdju tretiranem z bakrovimi fungicidi.
Selenium treatment affected respiratory potential in Eruca sativa
Authors: GERM Mateja , OSVALD Jože
Published: December 2023

The effect of selenium on Eruca sativa Miller was studied. The flows of electrons in the photosynthetic apparatus and in the respiratory chain were measured in control plants and in plants obtained from selenium treated seeds. The potential and effective quantum yields of photosystem II were unaffected by selenium treatment. The respiratory potential of Eruca sativa, measured by electron transport system (ETS) activity, significantly increased in plants, grown from selenium treated seeds.
Combined impact of solar UV-B radiation and selenium treatment on respiratory potential in pumpkins (Cucurbita pepo L.)
Authors: GERM Mateja
Published: December 2023

The effects of ambient and filtered solar UV-B radiation and of selenium treatment on respiratory potential measured by electron transport system (ETS) activity in pumpkins, Cucurbita pepo L. were studied. Measurements were conducted three times in the growth period. Solar UV-B radiation decreased ETS activity in plants, regardless selenium treatment. The results suggested that the solar UV-B radiation impaired flow of electrons in the respiratory chain. Selenium decreased ETS activity in plants exposed to solar UV-B radiation in the end of the vegetation period.
Vpliv intenzivnosti govedoreje na vsebnost in dinamiko humusa in hranil
Authors: TOPLAK Andrej , OSTERC Jože , LESKOŠEK Mirko
Published: December 2023

Različna intenzivnost govedoreje na kmetijah lahko vpliva na dinamiko in oskrbljenost tal s humusom in hranili. Za pregled splošne oskrbljenosti njivskih tal s humusom, fosforjem in kalijem smo obdelali rezultate 175 analiz vzorcev, ki so bili odvzeti v različnih območjih Slovenije. Za primerjavo in ugotavljanje vpliva intenzivnega kmetovanja na vsebnost in dinamiko humusa in hranil smo pregledali oskrbljenost tal s humusom, fosforjem in kalijem na sedmih parcelah treh posebej izbranih intenzivnih govedorejskih kmetij. Kemične analize tal, katerih rezultate smo obdelali za oceno splošne oskrbljenosti slovenskih njivskih tal s humusom, fosforjem in kalijem, so bile narejene v obdobju od leta 1989 do 2002. Vzorci tal na izbranih kmetijah so bili odvzeti in analizirani v obdobju od leta 1977 do leta 2002. Gnojilni načrti, s pomočjo katerih smo izračunali bilanco humusa, so bili narejeni za obdobje štirih ali petih let. Ugotovili smo, da so tla v Sloveniji dobro oskrbljena s humusom, fosforjem in kalijem. Poprečna vsebnost humusa v analiziranih vzorcih njivskih tal je 3,75 %, fosforja 26,38 mg P2O5/100 g tal in kalija 32,32 mg K2O/100 g tal. Bilanca humusa je v večini primerov (72,8 %) pozitivna. Na preučenih parcelah se je vsebnost humusa, z izjemo parcele Cb, zmanjšala. V zadnjem obdobju, to je obdobje 1998–2002, oz. 1994–1998, parcela Ba, je bila bilanca humusa na vseh sedmih parcelah pozitivna, zato se vsebnost humusa verjetno ponovno povečuje. Tla na izbranih parcelah so dobro oskrbljena s fosforjem in slabše s kalijem. Oskrbljenost s fosforjem se povečuje, oskrbljenost s kalijem pa večinoma zmanjšuje.
Implementation of Nitrate Directive to Poland
Authors: FOTYMA Mariusz , DUER Irena
Published: December 2023

In the paper the present state of implementation of three main resolutions of Nitrate Directive is presented. Polish Code of GAP has been prepared already in 1999 in collaboration with Danish Advisory Service in Agriculture and after approval by Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development and Ministry of Environment, disseminated in several thousands copies. The 21 vulnerable zones have been established in 2004 by Regional Water Management Boards covering 6263 km2 i.e. 2 % of Polish territory. Action programmes have been prepared for each vulnerable zone separately and the implementation of these programmes is in progress. The case study for one vulnerable zone was included.
Nitrogen and phosphorus budgets in Poland as a tool for sustainable nutrients management
Authors: KOPIŃSKI Jerzy , TUJAKA Arkadiusz , IGRAS Janusz
Published: December 2023

In the paper the nitrogen and phosphorus balances calculated according to OECD methodology are presented on regional and country levels. For the whole Poland the balance of nitrogen shows surplus of about 45 kg N*ha-1 a-1 with high variability among the different regions (voivodships). The balance of phosphorus for the country is slightly positive but low P surpluses, and in some regions even deficits raise the concern of not sustainable phosphorus management practices. The balance of phosphorus was confronted with the content of available phosphorus in the soils.
Effect of added rosemary extract on oxidative stability of Camelina sativa oil
Authors: ABRAMOVIČ Helena , ABRAM Veronika
Published: December 2023

The protective effect of added rosemary extract (RE) on the oxidative stability of highly unsaturated Camelina sativa oil was followed by periodic determination of its peroxide value (PV) during storage in darkness at room temperature. In camelina oil containing RE, a peroxide value of 10 mmol O2 / kg, the upper limit for unrefined oils, was not attained after 11 months’ storage. Compared to unprotected camelina oil the formation of hydroperoxides in oil containing RE was reduced by more than 40 %. The effect of RE against oxidation of camelina oil was also measured by the Rancimat test. In fresh camelina oil treated with RE the induction period was extended by 60 % as compared to untreated oil. Also, RE was more effective in preventing oil from oxidation when the oil was stored in darkness than in daylight.
Significant perceptual properties of outdoor ornamental plants
Authors: KRAVANJA Nika
Published: December 2023

This research deals with the perception of outdoor ornamental plants. It examines whether methods used for perception research in the social sciences may also be applied to such specific material as outdoor ornamental plants. In an experiment involving 56 participants we tested the use of an adjective checklist, which consisted of 78 adjectives describing the features of 15 outdoor ornamental plants. The participants chose the adjectives suitable for describing individual plants with varying frequency; in subsequent research only those properties were considered which were chosen in more than 10% of the cases. An examination of the frequency of chosen features showed that people are favorably disposed towards plants; properties with negative meanings were rarely marked. By using statistical methods of classification into groups we determined which features of outdoor ornamental plants aggregate into larger, semantically similar groups.
Analiza vpliva tehnične zakonodaje in trga na nesreče s traktorji v zadnjih 15 letih
Authors: BERNIK Rajko , DOLENŠEK Marjan
Published: December 2023

Število nesreč s traktorji s smrtnim izidom se je v zadnjih 15 letih vstrajno zmanjševalo, a ševedno ostaja na visoki povprečni ravni 34 mrtvih letno. Močno se je zmanjšalo številoprometnih nesreč s traktorji, veliko manj pa delovnih. Število novo registriranih traktorjev sevsako leto zmanjšuje, povečuje pa se njihova povprečna moč. Prodaja vzhodnoevropskihtraktorjev se je močno zmanjšala, povečala pa zahodnoevropskih. Leta 1984 je bilapredpisana obvezna uporaba kabine, leta 2004 pa ugotavljanje skladnosti (homologacija)traktorjev. Med vzroki nesreč sta najpomembnejša tehnična neustreznost starejših traktorjev(nad 30000 jih nima kabine ali loka) in neustrezno ravnanje voznikov.
Sistematični nadzor šarke v Sloveniji v letih 1998 - 2005
Authors: VIRŠČEK MARN Mojca , MAVRIČ Irena , WEILGUNY Helena
Published: December 2023

Šarka, ki jo povzroča Plum pox potyvirus (PPV), je gospodarsko najpomembnejše virusno obolenje koščičarjev. Od leta 1988 v Sloveniji redno spremljamo njeno navzočnost, v letu 1998 pa smo zaradi vse pogostejših okužb v drevesnicah uvedli uradni sistematični nadzor za preprečevanje širjenja te bolezni. Nadzor je v letih 1998 -  2005 vključeval preglede in vzorčenja gostiteljskih rastlin iz rodu Prunus v drevesnicah, matičnih nasadih in zarodiščih, njihovih varovalnih pasovih, na ogroženem območju, ob uvozu oz. vnosu in pri končnih uporabnikih uvoženih rastlin. V obdobju 1998 - 2000 smo dodatno vzorčili tudi izven objektov za pridelovanje razmnoževalnega materiala ter njihovih varovalnih pasov. Ugotovili smo, da je šarka prisotna v vseh pridelovalnih območjih Slovenije. Obseg okužbe drevesnic, matičnih nasadov in zarodišč je naraščal do leta 2001, nato pa je pričel upadati. Okužbo smo v letih 2000 in 2001 ugotovili tudi ob uvozu cepičev in leta 2003 ob uvozu sadik.  Rezultati kažejo, da je z neprekinjenim intenzivnim delom in ob  dobrem sodelovanjem številnih inštitucij, vključenih v sistematični nadzor, možno zagotoviti pridelavo s PPV neokuženega razmnoževalnega materiala tudi na močno okuženem območju, kakršno je Slovenija.
Root aerenchyma – formation and function
Authors: VIDEMŠEK Urška , TURK Boris , VODNIK Dominik
Published: December 2023

The formation of root aerenchyma, the prominent air spaces in the root cortex which are normally induced by waterlogging, has an important role in providing an internal pathway for oxygen transport between roots and the aerial environment. Along this pathway, O2 is supplied to the roots and rhizosphere, while CO2, ethylene, etc. move from the soil to the shoot and the atmosphere. The aerenchyma are formed either as part of normal development, or in response to stress (e.g. hypoxia, nutrient deficiency), by two known mechanisms: schizogeny and lysigeny. Aerenchyma formation increases porosity above the levels that appear in the usual intercellular spaces.
Odzivnost ponudbe v prašičereji
Authors: JENKO Janez , ERJAVEC Emil
Published: December 2023

Analizirali smo dejavnike ponudbe praöičev v Sloveniji v obdobju med januarjem 1995 in decembrom 2005. Razvili smo dva sklopa modelov, ki pojasnjujeta trûne količine prodane ûive mase praöičev. Prvi sklop pojasnjuje odzivnost ponudbe praöičev z realnimi cenami, drugi sklop pa na podlagi doseûenih pokritij. Uporabili smo standardno Cobb-Douglasovo obliko profitne funkcije. Modeli so razviti na podlagi metode navadnih najmanjöih kvadratov in ustreznih testov. S testiranjem različnih oblik modelov in znotraj njih različnih odlogov eksogenih spremenljivk smo razvili dva modela. Modela pojasnjujeta najviöji deleû variabilnosti količinskega odkupa ûive mase praöičev v Sloveniji ob upoötevanju statistične značilnosti parametrov in celotnega modela. Rezultati so pokazali, da ima največji vpliv na ponudbo praöičev cena ûive mase praöičev oziroma doseûeno pokritje v praöičerejski proizvodnji in cena koruze, ki tudi v Sloveniji predstavlja glavni vloûek v reji praöičev. Med drugimi statistično značilnimi vplivi omenimo öe vpliv sezone in nekaterih nepredvidljivih vplivov, kot sta vpliv prisotnosti pojava bolezni BSE ter vpliv krize na trgu s praöičjim mesom. Vrednosti koeficientov lastne cenovne elastičnosti so bile pričakovano nizke in so znaöale okoli 0,3 ter tako potrdile tezo o neelastičnosti ponudbe praöičev. Dobljene vrednosti lahko razloûimo z neprilagoditvami trûnim razmeram in prisotnostjo kvazi-fiksnih stroökov v praöičereji.
Effect of late season boron spray on boron accumulation and fruit set of ‘Summit‘ and ‘Hedelfinger’ sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.)
Authors: USENIK Valentina , ŠTAMPAR Franci
Published: December 2023

The influence of late-season boron (B) application on the bud B concentration and fruit set was studied in sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.). The experiment was carried out on 5-year-old ‘Summit’ and ‘Hedelfinger’ trees on rootstock Gisela 5 in Fruit Growing centre Gačnik.  Trees were sprayed with B (1% Bortrack) or water (control). Differences in B concentration were measured between cultivars, the highest content in ‘Hedelfinger’ buds. Boron application resulted in increased B concentration in flower buds. Fruit set was influenced with cultivar, boron application and micro location. Fruit set was statistically higher in ‘Hedelfinger’ than in ‘Summit’ trees. The results showed that B fertilization had no effect on fruit set of ‘Summit’ despite increased concentration of boron by 94.8% in dormant flower buds. Foliar boron spraying of ‘Hedelfinger’ was effective in increasing B concentration (by 157.2%) and fruit set on half trees.
Occurrence of some Lepidopterous species on the horse chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum L.) at Istanbul-Belgrad Forest in Turkey
Authors: CEBECI H. Huseyin , ACER Sabiha
Published: December 2023

The occurrence of some Lepidopterous species was determined between 2004 and 2005 on the horse chestnuts of Istanbul-Belgrad Forest in Turkey. The following eleven pests of the horse chestnut were recorded: Cameraria ohridella (Deschka & Dimic, 1986) (Gracillariidae), Archips crataegana (Hübner, 1799), A. podana (Scopoli, 1763), A. xylosteana (Linnaeus, 1758) (Tortricidae), Crocallis elinguaria (Linnaeus, 1758), Ennomos quercaria ([Hübner], [1812]), E. quercinaria (Hufnagel, 1767), Erannis defoliaria (Clerck, 1759), Operophtera brumata (Linnaeus, 1758), Pachycnemia hippocastanaria (Hübner, 1799) (Geometridae) and Amphipyra pyramidea (Linnaeus, 1758) (Noctuidae).