bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gas Detecting Evaluation by Graphitic-based Silicon Carbide Nanosurface doped with Manganese: A Promising Device for Air Pollution Monitoring
Authors: Mollaamin Fatemeh
Published: May 2024

Silicon carbide (SiC) as a direct broad bandgap semiconducting material has the potential to bring a considerable developement into optoelectronic and electronic devices. This article aims to investigate
Physico-chemical properties of manganese (Mn)–doped graphene-like silicon carbide (SiC) monolayer sheet by the first-principles methods based on the density functional theory (DFT) for scavenging of CO, CO2, NO, NO2 gas molecules. The results recommend that the adsorption of these gas molecules on Mn-embedded SiC sheet monolayer is more energetically desired than that on the pristine ones. Gas molecules of CO, CO2, NO, NO2 have been adsorbed on the Mn site of doped SiC monolayer through the formation of covalent bonds. The assumption of chemical adsorptions has been approved by the projected density of states (PDOS) and charge density difference plots. Charge density difference calculations also indicate that the electronic densities were mainly accumulated on the adsorbate of CO, CO2, NO, NO2 gas molecules. The ability of SiC nanosheet for monitoring of CO, CO2, NO and NO2 is fluctuated by their selectivity and sensitivity through NMR, NQR, IR and HOMO/LUMO approaches which can represent the efficiency of Mn–doped SiC surface as the promising sensors toward air pollution detecting.
Fotocatalytic degradation of methylene blue by floating TiO2-coconut fiber
Authors: Sugandi Didiek , Wahyuni Nelly , Rahmalia Winda
Published: May 2024

Indonesia's expanding industrial sector has resulted in an increase in the use of dyes. Methylene blue (MB), a dye used in the batik and textile industries, has the potential to be detrimental to people and the environment. Recent research indicates that the TiO2 photocatalyst has the ability to reduce MB. TiO2 transported in coconut fiber can improve illumination in the photocatalysis process. The purpose of this study is to examine the properties and activity of a TiO2-coconut fiber photocatalyst. SEM-EDX was used to characterize the morphology and composition of floating catalysts, and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) was used to characterize the functional groups. At 120 minutes, TiO2-coconut fiber photocatalysis with a mass ratio of 20:80 w/w demonstrated the maximum degradation of 62.72%. The SEM-EDX data demonstrate the morphology of TiO2 distribution on the surface of coconut fiber, which is distinguished by the presence of the main elements O, Ti, and C. The FT-IR study results demonstrate a shift and decrease in Ti-O absorption intensity from 756,09 cm1 to 721,38 cm1, indicating the presence of Ti-O-C bonds. It is hoped that this research will be useful in the treatment of MB in textile industry waste or other organic waste.
Creative Thinking Skills in Chemistry Learning: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Putri Sarmila Eka , Arthamena Vegha Dwi , Retiyanto Hana’ Fadhilah , Shiddiqi Muhammad Habib Ash , Suyanta Suyanta
Published: May 2024

Creative thinking is one of the abilities needed in facing the 21st century era. Various problems in learning chemistry make students have to be creative thinkers to solve the problems they face. This study aims to determine creative thinking skills in chemistry learning. The method used is Systematic Literature Review (SLR) which adopts 5 stages from Denyer and Tranfield with the criteria of articles on creative thinking skills in learning chemistry indexed by Scopus, Sinta 1, and Sinta 2 from 2014 to 2023, full text and open source. There were 17 articles that fit these criteria. The results of the literature review show that most studies involve chemistry education students as prospective teachers who have an important role in developing students' creative thinking skills. In addition, most studies aim to investigate the effect of learning models on creative thinking skills. Project Based Learning (PjBL) model with a STEM approach is the most effective learning used to improve creative thinking skills with student learning outcomes of 83.00. Based on the results of the literature review, it was found that there is a positive relationship between learning outcomes and creative thinking skills. The better students' learning outcomes, the better their creative thinking skills.
Development of PBL Based E-Student Worksheet Using an Ethnoscience Approach to Improve Students' Character Values and Conservation Attitudes on Redox Material
Authors: Artika  , Copriady Jimmi , Rasmiwetti
Published: May 2024

The study aimed to develop a PBL Integrated Ethnoscience-Based e-Student Worksheet focused on redox material, ensuring its validity, and to determine its impact on enhancing students' character values and conservation attitudes. Utilizing the Research and Development (R&D) approach with the Plomp model, the study incorporated various data collection methods such as interviews, student questionnaires, validation sheets, and user response surveys. Validation involved assessments from three material experts and media specialists. Initial trials encompassed one-on-one assessments with students of varying abilities and feedback from teachers and students. The larger-scale trial adopted a pre-experimental Pretest-Posttest Control Group design. The outcomes revealed that the e-Student Worksheet achieved high validation scores from both material and media experts, while feedback from users indicated its effectiveness. Importantly, significant improvements in students' character values and conservation attitudes were observed post-implementation of the e-Student Worksheet, as confirmed by paired t-tests. In summary, the use of the Flip Builder application in crafting the E-Student Worksheet, grounded in PBL and ethnosciences, not only received strong validation but also positively impacted students' character development and conservation perspectives.
Acemannan Hydrogel's Effects on Neutrophils at Concentrations of 25%, 50%, 75% Counts in Wistar Rats with Periodontitis Induced by Alloxan
Authors: Susanto Chandra , Wijaya Cindy Denhara , Turnip Gebriela Lam Ulina Putri
Published: May 2024

Neutrophils occur in periodontitis, an infection of the periodontal tissue that may increase the risk of diabetes. Because of its excellent physicochemical properties and biological capabilities, hydrogel is a promising biomaterial for treating periodontal disease. This study consisted of four groups of Acemannan hydrogel 25%, 50%, 75%, and the Federer formula was used to determine the sample size and six replicate experiments were performed for each group to form a positive control group. Considering the investigation's conclusions, in the acemannan hydrogel administration group, the average ± SD levels of neutrophils in samples on day 3 were 25%, 50%, and 75%, and the positive control group was 3.08 ± 0.736. 2.46 ± 0.459; 1.54 ± 0.510; 1.17 ± 0.258. This value decreased to 1.83 ± 0.258 by day 5 were 1.29 ± 0.459; 0.50±0.447; 0.21 ± 0.292. As a result of the Kruskal-Wallis statistical test, there was a significant difference in the average number of neutrophils after administering 25%, 50%, and 75% Acemannan hydrogel and the positive control group to rats with alloxan-induced Wistar periodontitis on the third and fifth days. The study's findings suggest that 75% of acemannan hydrogel is the most effective concentration for reducing neutrophils
Identifikasi Karakteristik Penghuni dan Unit Hunian Pada Rusunawa Bulusidokare di Kabupaten Sidoarjo
Authors: Putri Hilda Fachriza , Soemarwanto Dadoes , Istijanto Suko
Published: May 2024

Pertumbuhan populasi penduduk yang semakin meningkat setiap tahunnya, dapat menimbulkan peningkatan terhadap permintaan kebutuhan tempat tinggal. Oleh karena itu, efisiensi yang dilakukan dalam pemanfaan dan penggunaan lahan di perkotaan dapat dilakukan pembangunan perumahan vertikal, sebagai pilihan untuk menyeselesaikan permasalahan kebutuhan rumah tinggal di lahan yang terbatas, mudah dijangkau oleh masyarakat di Kabupaten Sidoarjo yang memiliki penghasilan menengah ke bawah (MBR). Dalam mengumpulkan data dalam penelitian pada objek Rusunawa Bulusidokare ini yaitu dengan metode pengamatan (observasi) serta metode peninjauan (survey) yaitu dengan wawancara. Untuk mendapatkan data berkaitan dengan unit hunian, menggunakan metode pengamatan (observasi). Sedangkan untuk metode peninjauan (survey objek) yang dilakukan yaitu dengan cara wawancara tatap muka, guna untuk mendapatkan data terkait dengan karakteristik penghuni rusunawa saat penggunaan unit hunian berdasarkan perilaku penghuni. Karakteristik satuan unit hunian pada Rumah Susun Sederhana Sewa (Rusunawa) Bulusidokare Kabupaten Sidoarjo yaitu unit hunian dengan memanfaatkan ruang berdasarkan pemahaman kebutuhan bagi setiap penghuni satu unit hunian rusunawa.
INTELIGÊNCIA ARTIFICIAL: CONTEMPORANEIDADES E FUTURIDADES
Authors: Paulino Débora Muriel Carrasquinho , Amado Marcelo Augusto César Pinheiro Monte , Pinheiro Maria Heldaiva Bezerra , Costa Marcos Rogério Martins , Cerqueira Érika Nazaré Gadelha Meira , Lucena Iamara Feitosa Furtado , Sampaio Neto Delmiro Deladier , Gonçalves Francysco Pablo Feitosa , Batista Carlos
Published: May 2024

A Inteligência artificial é tida como um dos principais recursos tecnológicos/digitais, visando reproduzir ações e competências semelhantes às humanas. Como se sabe, sobre o aspecto de arquivamento e acesso de informações, a máquina já ultrapassou a natureza largamente, porém, é sobre a capacidade de analisar, criar e inovar que se debruçam os engenheiros da inteligência artificial, uma vez que neste aspecto a natureza ainda lidera quanto à capacidade de abstração. Nesse sentido, nesta obra busca-se tratar de assuntos que permeiam esse contexto, a fim de apresentar a você leitor(a), como os recursos tecnológicos e digitais, especialmente a IA (Inteligencia Artificial), podem contribuir, potencializar, agilizar ou facilitar ações e práticas humanas na contemporaneidade e no futuro.
EDITORIAL
Authors: Primo Marcelo de Sant’Anna Alves
Published: May 2024

No dossiê intitulado “Materialismo e a tradição filosófica” neste volume da revista Dialectus, poderemos ter contato com textos sobre o materialismo tanto na Modernidade como na Contemporaneidade, apresentados por docentes pesquisadores(as) brasileiros(as) e internacionais [...]
NO HORIZONTE DO MATERIALISMO: OS LIMITES ENTRE NATUREZA E CULTURA NA CONCEPÇÃO DE EDUCAÇÃO DE HELVÉTIUS E DIDEROT
Authors: Milek Camila Sant’Ana Vieira Ferraz
Published: May 2024

O presente artigo debruça-se na crítica de Diderot à Helvétius. Apesar da crítica ser feita pontualmente a cada trecho comentado do livro De l’Homme de Helvétius, consideramos que ela possui um núcleo principal, que é a diferente concepção de materialismo dos autores e suas consequências para o que ambos anseiam para a sociedade. Por isso, investigamos o que há no horizonte do materialismo de Helvétius e de Diderot no que concerne à educação e como, apesar de estarem próximos no ponto de partida, o materialismo, seu norte é diferente. A escolha do tema da educação justifica-se por tratar-se de algo que ultrapassa a teorização filosófica e busca inserção prática na sociedade, mostrando assim não só as consequências práticas das teses materialistas como também o ideal de sociedade proposto por cada autor. Aqui, apontamos para as principais diretrizes sobre a construção de uma educação institucional em De l’Esprit (1754) e De l’Homme (1771), de Helvétius, nas Em Reflexions sur le livre De l’Esprit (1877) e Refutations suivre l’ouvrage intitule De l’Homme (1877)1, e em outras obras de Diderot.

1 As críticas reunidas de Diderot foram publicadas apenas postumamente. Estima-se que a segunda, dedicada à De l’Homme foi redigida em um longo período, que coincide com a redação do Plan d’Université (1775) e Elements de Phisiologie (1875).
O MATERIALISMO DO ENCONTRO DE ALTHUSSER
Authors: Bourdin Jean-Claude
Published: May 2024

Os últimos textos de Althusser defendem a existência de um materialismo chamado materialismo do encontro ou aleatório. Esse materialismo se distingue do idealismo, do materialismo da necessidade e do materialismo dialético. Ele recusa as noções de Origem, de Fim, de Sujeito, a teleologia, o princípio de razão e recusa a negatividade dialética e a contradição. Recorrendo ao léxico de Epicuro-Lucrécio, ele coloca a contingência dos encontros que constituem o mundo (a história, as instituições, os dispositivos). Fortemente inspirado por Maquiavel, Althusser coloca esse materialismo “sob a conjuntura” que abre o pensamento a seu exterior (as lutas de classe). Ele decorre de novas categorias, o vazio, o centro e suas margens, o encontro, os deslocamentos, o todo sob a contingência. Quero mostrar que esse materialismo é mais do que um novo materialismo. Aanalisando a metáfora do “prato” utilizada por Althusser, compreendo que ele constitue uma lógica para o materialismo e para o marxismo, apartada de suas teses necessitaristas.
MICHEL FOUCAULT: CRÍTICO DO MATERIALISMO OU MATERIALISTA RADICAL
Authors: Benevides Pablo Severiano
Published: May 2024

A partir da pergunta que dá título a este artigo, pretendemos posicionar o pensamento de Michel Foucault em relação ao materialismo através de uma análise que contemple as três fases de seu pensamento, a saber, a arqueologia, a genealogia e a ética. Mediante esta análise, concluímos não só pela filiação do pensamento de Michel Foucault no campo mais amplo e plural dos materialismos, mas também pela radicalidade que o filósofo assume em relação ao materialismo em todas as fases de seu pensamento. Do ponto de vista da arqueologia, argumentamos que a tomada do discurso não em seu caráter representativo, significativo ou teleológico, mas na concretude e singularidade de seu aparecimento, reforça de forma significativa o materialismo; em relação à genealogia, mostramos como a microfísica do poder, ao voltar-se contra os efeitos de hegemonia que produzem a abstração dos Grandes Conceitos e das Grandes Coisas, revelam a materialidade de um jogo de forças sujeitado pelas formas oficiais do saber e do poder; por fim, do ponto de vista da ética, esclarecemos que o âmbito da análise da relação de si consigo não consiste no domínio da interioridade, refúgio último do imaterialismo, mas justamente no âmbito da produção de subjetividade determinada por uma relação com a exterioridade, a alteridade e o fora. Dessa forma, consideramos a noção de Materialismo Radical pertinente para compreendermos, de forma mais rigorosa, tanto certas características próprias ao pensamento de Michel Foucault, quanto sua indubitável filiação ao materialismo.
MÉTODO DIALÉTICO EM HEGEL E MARX: A INVERSÃO DO PROGRAMA TEÓRICO DE HEGEL POR MARX
Authors: Iber Christian
Published: May 2024

Marx não apenas flertou com o modo de expressão Hegeliano na sua obra O Capital, mas ele próprio pretendia trabalhar o racional da lógica dialéctica de Hegel. O artigo tenta esboçar a inversão de Marx do programa teórico de Hegel mostrando, primeiro, que esta inversão não deve ser entendida num sentido metafísico como programa de um materialismo dialéctico e histórico, como fizeram primeiro Engels e depois o marxismo tradicional. Em segundo lugar, será demonstrado que a inversão de Marx do programa teórico de Hegel toma mais emprestado a este último do que é normalmente assumido, em particular Marx partilha a crítica de Hegel à concepção instrumental do conhecer que está subjacente ao cepticismo metodológico em relação ao conhecer na filosofia e ciência moderna e contemporânea. O artigo defende uma renovação do marxismo com base num Hegel-marxismo.
A DIMENSÃO ANÁRQUICA DA DEMOCRACIA
Authors: Sahd Luiz Felipe Netto de Andrade e Silva
Published: May 2024

Este artigo questiona a dimensão anárquica da democracia defendida por Jacques Rancière. A crítica de Rancière à democracia convencional pode ser resumida como, em primeiro lugar, uma crítica ao consenso. Ele não condena o desejo de que as partes conflitantes cheguem a um acordo sobre um tópico de disputa. O que Rancière critica é a construção de um consenso básico ao sugerir a participação igualitária no logos, ao mesmo tempo em que expulsa os enunciados dos que não têm parte – geralmente, os pobres. Sempre que se fazem ouvir, encenam um desacordo, o que prova a injustiça do consenso original. Em segundo lugar, em sua desconstrução da noção liberal de consenso, Rancière, no entanto, concorda com a ênfase dos contratualistas na igualdade como pré-condição para sociedades modernas desiguais. Terceiro, sua definição de democracia contradiz o conceito de democracia representativa; no entanto, como demonstrado, ele não rejeita a representação em si. Em vez disso, ele se opõe à ideia de que a representação define a democracia. As reivindicações representativas, ao contrário, podem fazer parte do conceito de política de Rancière.
Dinamika Dagang dan Tasawuf Ekonomi Warga Keturunan Banjar di Tulunggagung
Authors: Rusyadi Refki , . Fitrianatsany
Published: May 2024

This research explains how Banjar ethnic community descent have a character that does not give up easily, has its own patterns and attitudes when interacting with the community and has typical Banjar principles in carrying out economic activities. This research is a type of qualitative research using socio-economic and ethnographic approaches. The result is that the existence of the Banjar society is manifest in the form of religious and trade activities. Spiritual activities in the Al Muhibien community broadcast religion, and the language typical of the Banjar tribe when carrying out activities. Although the Banjar tribe is more identical with gold trading, the Banjar people in Tulungagung place more emphasis on an economy that has religious values and builds branding that the economic principles of the Banjar people are Islamic.Keywords: banjar, diaspora, tribal existence and political economy
Building a New Understanding of Changing Patterns of Community Interaction, Social Behavior, and Conflicts of Interest: A Theoretical Study
Authors: Senis Yotam , Ayorbaba Musa , Luas Alfando
Published: May 2024

This theoretical study focuses on developing new understandings of changing patterns of community interaction, social behaviour, and conflicts of interest. This topic is important to study because changes in social interaction and conflicts of interest can have a significant impact on the structure and functioning of society. The methods used in this study include in-depth literature analysis by analyzing various relevant sources and theories. This research also provides observation and interpretation of social phenomena that develop in digital society. The results of this study are expected to provide a deeper understanding of how patterns of social interaction and conflicts of interest develop and change over time, as well as their impact on society. This knowledge is important to assist policymakers and practitioners in understanding and responding effectively to these changes.Keywords: changes in community interaction patterns, social behavior, conflicts of interest, theoretical studies, literature analysis.
Jalan Panjang Menuju Inklusi Digital bagi Penyandang Disabilitas di Indonesia
Authors: Poerwanti Sari Dewi , Makmun Sukron , Dewantara Amhar Davi
Published: May 2024

Currently, the trend of internet use continues to increase, including in Indonesia. The internet is believed to be able to support community empowerment and improve welfare. For this reason, digital technology is required to be able to reflect the needs of all levels of society, including people with disabilities. This is a great opportunity for people with disabilities to benefit from digital information, products and services to live more independent lives. This article discusses how digital technology, especially the internet, is used by people with disabilities, including the obstacles that accompany it. This research uses a literature review method by collecting data through observation and literature study. The research results show that there is a digital gap between people with disabilities and non-disabled people in Indonesia. The main obstacles in creating an inclusive digital space are awareness, motivation, access to ownership, access to use, access to affordability of digital technology, digital skills, adaptive technology, certainty of digital protection & security as well as policy and regulatory support. However, efforts were also found to implement good digital inclusion practices by reducing the digital divide through policy support, infrastructure improvements, empowerment activities and increasing public awareness.Keywords: people with disabilities; digital inclusion; digital divide; digital technology
Book Review: "Hara, A.E., Indriastuti, S., & Trihartono, A. (2023). Keamanan Insani (Human Security): Eksplorasi berbagai Perspektif di Dunia. Pandiva. 238 pp."
Authors: Rizkyta Annisa , Al Jannah Nur Zahrun
Published: May 2024

The book reviewed in this paper examines the concept of human security, which is an expanded perspective of state security. This book by Hara, Suyani and Trihartono offers a comprehensive exploration of the global perspective of human security. While detailing the human security perspectives of the UNDP, Japan, Canada and the European Union, the book also highlights Indonesia's unique position. The book emphasizes the role of Religious Non-State Actors (RNSAs) in addressing human security issues. Using primary data in its final chapter, the book advocates for a reinterpretation of human security in Indonesia that is adapted to diverse social and historical contexts. In addition, this review finds that the in-depth interpretations in this book provide opportunities for further exploration or study for future researchers.Keywords: human security; religious non-state actors; Indonesia
Between Sexism and Expressions of Resistance over the Body: A Study of Poster Texts in Demonstrations in 2022
Authors: Setiyawan Radius , Maulida Maulida , Lestari Sri
Published: May 2024

In April and September 2022, students in various regions in Indonesia held demonstrations. These activities demanded and protested against the government's discourse on the policy of 3 presidential terms. Meanwhile, in September, there was an action against the increase in fuel prices. Like the previous demonstrations, the action used posters as a medium of public communication. What was interesting about the posters was the content of the demonstration. The content of the posters tended to be more related to the body and sexual matters. The content used more metaphors of everyday life related to sexual activity. This spread massively in many social media. Through Theo Van Leeuwen's critical discourse analysis method, this research discusses several sexist poster texts and analyzes the social context behind the phenomenon.  There are two assumptions that this paper tries to address. First, the poster content that appears is sexist content that demeans women. The second is that it is part of an expression of women's resistance to bodily restraint. Both arguments above will be reviewed in this paper. This research found that there was sexist content in posters that used direct or indirect expressions of sexism. The sexist expressions in the posters also show misogynistic practices because posters that denigrate women come from women. Findings also show that the sexist language used leads to pornography.Keywords: demonstration, poster, sexism, women, cda
Relasi Nietzsche dengan Paulus
Authors: Lembang Supeno
Published: May 2024

Nietzsche’s relation with Christianity, on the the surface, easily defined as antipodal, full of animosity. It is not a simple task to specify which Christianity that can represent a stable concept of Christianity. Numerous branches as well as different school of thoughts in the body of Christianity. Nietzsche had his own view on certain Christianity (coloured by his Lutheran Protestant), he was not seldom launched attack after attack to Christianity and blame it as caused of Nihilism in Europe. Christianity according to his view has become one of the obstacles that hindered the arrival of the Overman, therefore he anointed himself to wage war with the aim to dig deep the foundation of Christianity. He did not merely assault Christianity and belief in God as some concepts that is no longer hold, but he wished to make changes and transvalue all the values which had deeply rooted in the soul of Europe. In order to pull down, to root out, change and inspire Europe, he wrote a seminal book called “Antichrist.” Nietzsche in his war strategy, he always picked a real person as Socrates, Richard Wagner, or even Schopenhauer. For Christianity, he picked Paul and Paulinism which he regarded as promoting the concept of Cross, Resurrection and promise of Hinterwelt which according to him is a great move as well as cunning. He tried to uproot Christainity with his method, which later on he called it as Genealogy. In doing so, he discovered that Paul was a true revaluator, who reevaluated the master morality into slave morality. Nietzsche has his own notion of an ideal man, who has the spirit of Dionysos, in short, he wanted to transvalue the slave morality back to master morality. In suggesting this option to Europe, a better choice, Spirit of Dionysos, he then conducted transvaluation. In that regard, Nietzsche did a similar and kinship “Hegelian Dialectic” with Paul. Therefore, Nietzsche relation with Paul is no longer can be categorized as merely antipodal, since he showed some kind of disguised adoration, an ambiguity.
Reducing the level of infrared radiation of a ground vehicle during its movement
Authors: Afonin Valentyn , Avramenko Andrii , Levterov Anton , Voronkov Oleksandr , Vorobyov Dmytro
Published: May 2024

Problem. Reducing the visibility of a ground vehicle makes it possible to increase its survivability and provide conditions for the performance of assigned tasks. The development of approaches to the analysis of the conditions for the formation of a heat trace from the engine of the ground vehicle is an extremely important scientific and practical task. Goal. The purpose of the work was to carry out comparative numerical modelling to assess the effectiveness of diluting the EG flow of the engine of the ground vehicle with atmospheric air to reduce their temperature. Methodology. Using the method of finite volumes, a comparative numerical experiment was conducted in a three-dimensional stationary setup. The possibility of sucking atmospheric air with the standard nozzle of the ejector was quantified. Results. The study shows that the addition of atmospheric air can effectively reduce the temperature of exhaust gases. The use of a regular ejection system allows to reduce the temperature of exhaust gases by 10-12 degrees without additional energy consumption. Originality. Using the method of a comparative numerical experiment, the effectiveness of adding atmospheric air to the exhaust gases of a diesel engine in order to suppress the heat trace was evaluated. Practical value. An approach to reducing the temperature of the exhaust gases of the ground vehicle engine is proposed, that allows to decrease its visibility in the infrared radiation spectrum without additional energy consumption.
Increasing the efficiency of marine engines, which operate on heavy hydrogen-enriched fuel
Authors: Tymoshevskyi Borys , Tkach Mykhailo
Published: May 2024

Рroblem. At present one of the most important issues of marine transport are decreasing transportation costs and pollutions into the environment. Low-speed and medium-speed diesel engines will be used as the main and auxiliary energy sources in the transport fleet now and in the near future. In connection with the constant increase in the cost of fuel and energy resources, the issue of reducing costs for the transport of ships, which is directly related to the cost of fuel, is acute. Therefore, the transition to the use of heavy residual, cheaper fuels is understandable and natural. However, the use of such fuels is associated with certain deterioration of the work process in engines and, accordingly, indicators of economy and environmental friendliness. The hydrogen implementation as additional catalyst of operation process is the effective way for solving this problem. Goal. The main goals of this research and development are the following: to obtain the effective method of heavy fuel hydrogen saturation and identify the hydrogen influence on diesel engine operation process. Methodology. One of the possible methodological ways to improve the operation process in the internal combustion engine is the use of hydrogen enrichment of the fuel-air mixture. Despite a considerable amount of research in the direction of using hydrogen to improve the working process of internal combustion engines, there are still many unsolved problems. Results. In the paper, the original technology of hydrogen enrichment of the fuel-air mixture is determined and the main indicators of the internal combustion engine when using heavy fuel are established. Originality. The effectiveness of using hydrogen as a catalyst for the working process in the diesel engine is shown. A small level of heavy fuel saturation in a range of 0.07…0.106 % allow to decrease specific fuel consumption up to 0.9 % and nitrogen pollutions on 10 %, approximately. Implementation of proposed solution allows to significantly decrease the total fuel consumption of marine power diesel engines. Practical value. For instant practically, decreasing total fuel consumption of diesel engine MAN B&W 12G90ME-C10.5-LPSCR with MCR power of 74.88 MW is 2,8 t/day or the profit may be approximately as big as $1.300/day.
Induction of maturation of gold fish (Carassius auratus) using sesame seed extract (Sesamum indicum L. ) on feed as phytoestrogens
Authors: Handayani Jullya Fratiwi , Farastuti Eko Rini , Mumpuni Sri Fia , Mulyana
Published: May 2024

Gonad maturity in fish is essential in fish farming because it is related to seed production. Sesame oil is one of the ingredients as a feed supplement to stimulate fish gonad maturation. The research aimed to obtain the best dose of sesame seed extract (Sesamum indicum L.) in feed to increase the gonad maturity of comet fish (Carassius auratus). This research had four treatment levels and three repetitions. The treatment levels in this study were: P0 Without giving sesame seed extract (Control), P1 Giving sesame seed extract 5 mL/kg feed, P2 giving sesame seed extract 10 mL/kg feed, P3 Giving sesame seed extract 15 mL/kg. The results of the six-week study showed that at the beginning of maintenance, they were in TKG I, in the 3rd week, they entered TKG III, and in the 6th week, P1, P2, and P3 entered TKG IV while P0 were still in TKG III. The highest gonad maturity index at each observation time occurred in treatment P2 with feed containing 10 mL/kg of sesame seed extract. In the 1st week, the highest gonad maturity index occurred at P2 at 7.80. In the 3rd week, the highest gonad maturity index occurred in P2 at 9.26%. In the 6th week, the highest gonad maturity index occurred in P2 at 11.17%. Fecundity at week 6 showed the highest result of P2 4,290. The level of gonad maturity with treatment given sesame extract was faster, with a maintenance time of 6 weeks. The results of this study illustrate that sesame extract can be used as a supplement to increase comet fish gonad maturity.
In between faces: Childhood adversity is associated with reduced threat-safety discrimination during facial expression processing in adolescence
Authors: Samaey Celine , Van der Donck Stephanie , Lecei Aleksandra , Vettori Sofie , Qiao Zhiling , van Winkel Ruud , Boets Bart
Published: May 2024

Childhood adversity has been associated with alterations in threat-related information processing, including heightened perceptual sensitivity and attention bias towards threatening facial expressions, as well as hostile attributions of neutral faces, although there is a large degree of variability and inconsistency in reported findings. Here, we aimed to implicitly measure neural facial expression processing in 120 adolescents between 12 and 16 years old (M = 13.93) with and without exposure to childhood adversity. We combined fast periodic visual stimulation with electroencephalography in two separate paradigms to assess the neural sensitivity and responsivity towards neutral and expressive, i.e., happy and angry, faces. In contrast to our hypotheses, adolescents exposed to adversity show lower expression-discrimination responses for angry faces presented in between neutral faces and higher expression-discrimination responses for happy faces presented in between neutral faces than unexposed controls. We therefore conclude that childhood adversity is associated with a hostile attribution of neutral faces, thereby reducing the dissimilarity between neutral and angry faces. This interpretation was further supported as adolescents exposed to adversity, but not unexposed controls, showed lower neural responsivity to both angry and neutral faces that were simultaneously presented. This reduced threat-safety discrimination may increase risk for psychopathology in individuals exposed to childhood adversity.
Anti-Semitism as a Dark-Ego Vehicle
Authors: Bertrams Alex , Krispenz Ann
Published: May 2024

According to the dark-ego-vehicle principle (DEVP), individuals high in dark personality traits (e.g., narcissism, psychopathy) tend to be attracted to some kinds of (political) ideologies they can use to their own unpolitical personal advantage. This pre-registered longitudinal study investigated the DEVP in the context of anti-Semitism. Individuals from the US and the UK (N = 3,981) completed validated psychometric measures of anti-Semitic attitudes. This data was correlated with several variables which had already been assessed previously: individuals’ dark personality traits (e.g., narcissism, psychopathy), specific dark-ego needs indicators (e.g., aggression, dominance, virtue signaling), and political variables (e.g., left- and right-wing authoritarianism). The results showed a pattern consistent with the DEVP: 94.7% of the 76 relationships between anti-Semitic attitudes and dark-personality traits (especially their antagonistic aspects) were positively related. All but one of the specific dark-ego needs indicators were to some extend associated with higher anti-Semitism. Finally, in support of the dark-ego-horseshoe hypothesis, different forms of anti-Semitism were associated with left- and/or right-wing authoritarianism.
Age-at-migration, ethnicity and psychosis risk: findings from the EU-GEI case-control study
Authors: Andleeb Humma , Moltrecht Bettina , Quattrone Diego , van der Ven Els , Jones Peter B. , Jongsma Hannah , Edbrooke-Childs Julian , Kirkbride James Bowes
Published: May 2024

Background: Several studies have highlighted increased psychosis risk in migrant and minority ethnic populations. Migration before age 18 appears to increase risk, but further evidence is required. We investigated this issue in a European case-control study. We hypothesized that migration during two key socio-developmental periods, childhood and adolescence, would be most strongly associated with increased odds of psychosis, and that this would be more pronounced for racialised minorities. Method: We used data from five countries in the EUropean network of national schizophrenia networks studying Gene-Environment Interactions [EU-GEI] study. We examined the association between migration in infancy (0-4 years), childhood (5-10 years), adolescence (11-17 years) or adulthood (18+ years) and first episode psychotic disorder. We fitted unadjusted and adjusted logistic regression models to estimate odds ratios [OR] and 95% confidence intervals [95%CI] for associations between age-at-migration and psychosis. In stratified models, we also examined whether these associations varied by ethnicity.Results: The sample consisted of 937 cases and 1,195 controls. Migration at all ages, including infancy (OR: 2.03, 95%CI: 1.01-4.10), childhood (OR: 2.07, 95%CI: 1.04-4.14), adolescence (OR: 3.26, 95%CI: 1.89-5.63) and adulthood (OR: 1.71, 95%CI: 1.21-2.41), was associated with increased odds of psychosis compared with the white majority non-migrant group, after adjustment for all confounders except ethnoracial identity. After additional adjustment for ethnoracial identity, only migration during adolescence remained associated with psychosis (OR 1.94, 95%CI: 1.11-3.36). In stratified analyses, migration during adolescence was associated with increased odds of psychosis in Black (OR: 6.52, 95%CI: 3.00-14.20) and North African (OR: 16.43, 95%CI: 1.88-143.51) groups.Conclusion: Migration during adolescence increased psychosis risk, particularly in racially minoritised young people. This suggests that development of interventions for minoritised young migrants that alleviate stressors associated with migration and acculturation are warranted.
Evidence that Tetris Reduces Immediate but Not Subsequent Daily Intrusions of a Trauma Film: A Multilab Replication Study
Authors: Wessel Ineke , Krans Julie , Albers Casper J , Chauhan Nidhi , Ferreira de Sá Diana Sofia , Hauck Alexander , Jaswetz Lars , Michael Tanja , Nixon Reginald , Pearson David G. , Slattery Isabelle , Smeets Tom , Takarangi Melanie , Willems Thomas , van Schie Kevin
Published: May 2024

Reactivating a target memory and subsequently playing the computer game Tetris is thought to reduce intrusive memories and is being explored clinically. However, the current literature on the effect of Tetris on intrusions has limitations. To examine whether the previous finding from experimental research that Tetris reduces trauma film related intrusions is replicable in a large sample, we conducted a preregistered, multi-site study in healthy participants. Experiment 1 (N = 141) showed similar intrusion rates of an updated trauma film that was then used in Experiment 2. In line with previous findings, Experiment 2 (N = 433) showed that compared to a perceptual vigilance control task, Tetris reduced retrospective ratings of trauma film related intrusions during the task. In contrast to such an immediate effect, the hypothesis that Tetris reduces intrusions over the course of one week was not corroborated. Future research may examine the role of the format of delivering the experiment (i.e., in-person versus online sessions) and type of control condition (i.e., no-task versus active control). This may inform studies on whether, and in what settings, Tetris is a suitable intervention for clinical use.
The association between childhood maltreatment and thermal pain sensitivity in a high-risk adolescent population
Authors: Zarchev Milan , Kamperman Astrid Mariska , de Leeuw Thomas G , Dirckx Maaike , Hoogendijk Witte JG , Mulder Cornelis , Grootendorst Nina
Published: May 2024

Background – research on childhood maltreatment and pain sensitivity has produced opposing hypothesis. One line of research proposes maltreatment leads to developmental impairment of the central nervous system and thus more sensitivity to pain. Another posits childhood maltreatment leads to habituation of pain and thus lower sensitivity. Empirical research in adolescents so far has relied on potentially biased self-report measures or on highly selective populations.Methods – a sample (n =187) from a population-based cohort of adolescents at high-risk for psychopathology (ages 16.7 to 20.5) completed the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire short form (CTQ-SF) to assess emotional, physical, sexual abuse, and emotional and physical neglect. To asses pain sensitivity, a thermal quantitative sensory testing procedure was used which measured when adolescents felt pain from hot and cold stimuli. Multilevel ordered beta regressions were used to estimate the associations adjusted for age, sex and internalizing problems. Results – individuals reporting childhood emotional abuse or neglect and physical neglect could on average withstand hot and cold pain of 1.03°C [0.13, 1.84] to 3.20°C [0.62, 5.97] more across different types of abuse compared to those with no emotional abuse or (physical) neglect history. Physical abuse was not associated with pain sensitivity. Sexual abuse was only associated with cold and not with hot pain sensitivity.Discussion – the current findings suggest that childhood maltreatment might lead to habituation to painful stimuli as opposed to increased pain sensitivity
Prospective study of post-operative hyponatremia in patients undergoing lower-limb orthopedic surgery
Authors: Nirmaladevi S  , Gokul R  , Arulanandam R  , Ilamparithi Jayaraman
Published: May 2024

Background: Hyponatremia is a common electrolyte imbalance in hospitalized patients, including those undergoing orthopedic surgery. It is associated with increased mortality and morbidity. Early symptoms of hyponatremia are often vague and can be mistaken for normal post-operative sequelae. Therefore, it is important to be aware of hyponatremia’s risk factors and symptoms in post-operative orthopedic patients, especially in older patients.
Aims and Objectives: The aims and objectives are to study the incidence of post-operative hyponatremia in patients undergoing lower-limb orthopedic surgery.
Materials and Methods: This prospective observational study was done on 140 elective and emergency lower-limb surgery patients. The patients were divided into two groups based on their age. Group A comprised 70 patients under 65, and Group B comprised 70 patients over 65. The patients underwent pre-operative assessments, including complete physical and systemic examinations and routine pre-operative workups, including checking serum sodium and potassium levels.
Results: In a study of 140 post-operative orthopedic patients, 55 (39%) had low serum sodium levels on post-operative day 1. Of these, 46 had mild hyponatremia, 7 had moderate hyponatremia, and 2 had severe hyponatremia. Elderly patients were more likely to develop hyponatremia than younger patients (27% vs. 12%, P=0.003). The most common symptoms of hyponatremia were headache (8.6%), nausea (3.6%), lethargy (7.1%), confusion (6.4%), and disorientation (1.4%). Hyponatremic patients had longer hospital stays than normal patients (13 days vs. 5–11 days).
Conclusion: The elderly population had a higher incidence of post-operative hyponatremia and was more vulnerable to developing symptoms. Although hyponatremia following surgery is common after orthopedic surgeries, it is primary, temporary, and easily treatable.
Cryptococcal meningitis patients associated with HIV co-infection admitted in tertiary care hospital–A Case Series
Authors: Yadav Pushpa , Reeta Maurya  , Alok Kumar Singh  , Sunita Yadav  , Gargi Tignath Shukla  , Sen Manodeep
Published: May 2024

Meningitis is a significant infection of the central nervous system that is followed by inflammation of the meninges, resulting in catastrophic neurologic consequences. The inflammation may be caused by infection with viruses, bacteria, fungi, or other microorganisms and less commonly by certain drugs. Meningitis can be life-threatening because of the inflammation’s proximity to the brain and spinal cord; therefore, the condition is classified as a medical emergency. In the present case series, we encompass patient demographics, initial clinical symptoms, physical examinations, laboratory results, cerebrospinal fluid examination findings, treatment side effects, the occurrence of complications, and hospital outcomes. Furthermore, documented were any instances of recurrent cryptococcal meningitis (CM) during follow-up, along with the potential causes of recurrence, the treatment modalities administered, any complications that arose, and the ultimate outcomes. This series reveals CM can manifest alongside HIV co-infection in male patients. Therefore, it is essential to consider the possibility of CM when an immune-compromised patient presents with symptoms such as headaches and other indications of central nervous system involvement. These cases reveal cryptococcosis with HIV-infected patients for rapid and early diagnosis and appropriate treatment of opportunistic infections.
Efficacy of bilateral erector spinae block for intraoperative and post-operative analgesia in lumbar decompression surgeries: A prospective randomized controlled trial
Authors: Priyanka G  , Chaithali Hebri
Published: May 2024

Background: Lumbar surgery is known to cause severe pain in the post-operative period. Modalities to reduce pain in the perioperative period include opioids, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, neuraxial blocks, and erector spinae block (ESB).
Aims and Objectives: In this study, we aimed to evaluate whether ESB could reduce perioperative pain, opioid consumption, and muscle relaxant consumption.
Materials and Methods: Fifty patients scheduled for lumbar decompression spine surgery were randomly allocated to two groups, the erector spinae plane (ESP) group (n=25) and the control group multimodal analgesia group (n=25). Intraoperative hemodynamics, muscle relaxant requirement, opioid consumption post-operative visual analog score, and rescue analgesia were evaluated.
Results: Compared with the control group, heart rate (91.24±14.86 and 90.20±14.26) (77.12±11.96 and 77.44±11.96) arterial blood pressures (87.12±8.45 mmHg) (85.25±7.25) (78.73±5.56 and 79.64±5.95) were higher during surgical incision and 1st-time interval than in ESP group, respectively. The visual analog scale scores were higher in the control group than in the ESP group during all measurements of time. The requirement for rescue analgesia was more in the control group compared to the ESP group. Post-operative analgesia lasted for 15–18 h.
Conclusion: Ultrasound-guided ESP block is a simple and safe technique which provides effective intraoperative, and post-operative analgesia and patient satisfaction with reduced opioid and muscle relaxant consumption.
The intricate histopathological spectrum of salivary gland neoplasms in a tertiary care center in Vindhya region (Rewa, Satna, Sidhi, Maihar, Singrauli, Sahdol and Panna Districts of Madhya Pradesh, India)
Authors: Suresh Kumar Sutrakar  , Priyanka Agrawal  , Lokesh Tripathi  , Shambhavi  , Parul Singh Rajpoot  , Sadhana Yadav  , Deepti Tiwari  , Pushpkunjika Sharma
Published: May 2024

Background: Salivary gland tumors (SGTs) globally account for <2% of all tumors, with an annual incidence ranging from 0.4 to 13.5/100,000 persons. However, there is a notable dearth of information on SGTs in India, prompting this study to explore the histological spectrum in the Vindhya region.
Aims and Objectives: The primary goal is to determine the epidemiological patterns of distinct SGTs in the Vidhya Region through a meticulous examination of histological characteristics. Comparative analysis with existing literature aims to enhance insights into these rare tumors.
Materials and Methods: Ninety-one SGT biopsies from Shyam Shah Medical College underwent comprehensive scrutiny over a five-year period. Patient-specific data, including age, sex, and location, were collected. The histopathological examination involved formalin fixation, paraffin sections, and staining, with the occasional use of specialized stains for comprehensive categorization based on microscopic examination.
Results: Out of 91 cases, 39.56% were malignant, and 60.44% were benign. The parotid gland exhibited the highest incidence, with pleomorphic adenoma (PA) as the most common benign tumor. Notably, in our study, adenoid cystic carcinoma surpassed mucoepidermoid carcinoma as the most frequent malignant tumor.
Conclusion: This study provides valuable insights into the patterns of occurrence of SGTs in the Vindhya region, highlighting the significance of further research in this underexplored field. Notably, PA, mucoepidermoid carcinoma, and adenoid cystic carcinoma are prominently reported, with a notable male predominance.