bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prognostic factors of ulcer healing and amputation-free survival in patients with critical limb ischemia
Authors: Furuyama Tadashi , Onohara Toshihiro , Yamashita Sho , Yoshiga Ryosuke , Yoshiya Keiji , Inoue Kentaro , Morisaki Koichi , Kyuragi Ryoichi , Matsumoto Takuya , Maehara Yoshihiko
Published: July 2018

Objective

A multidisciplinary approach is required to treat critical limb ischemia. We determined the poor prognostic factors of ischemic ulcer healing after optimal arterial revascularization, and assessed the efficacy of the medication therapy using cilostazol, which is a selective inhibitor of phosphodiesterase 3.

Methods

In this retrospective, single-center, cohort study, 129 limbs that underwent infrainguinal arterial revascularization for Rutherford class 5 critical limb ischemia were reviewed. The primary end point was the ulcer healing time after arterial revascularization. The secondary end point was the amputation-free survival rate.

Results

Of the 129 limbs, endovascular therapy was performed in 69 limbs, and surgical reconstructive procedures were performed in 60 limbs for initial therapy. Complete ulcer healing was achieved in 95 limbs (74%). The median ulcer healing time was 90 days. In multivariate analysis, no cilostazol use significantly inhibited ulcer healing ( p = 0.0114). A white blood cell count >10,000 ( p = 0.0185), a major defect after debridement ( p = 0.0215), and endovascular therapy ( p = 0.0308) were significant poor prognostic factors for ulcer healing. Additionally, ischemic heart disease ( p < 0.0001), albumin levels <3 g/dl ( p = 0.0016), no cilostazol use ( p = 0.0078), and a major defect after debridement ( p = 0.0208) were significant poor prognostic factors for amputation-free survival rate.

Conclusions

Ulcer healing within 90 days after arterial revascularization is impaired by no cilostazol use, a white blood cell count >10,000, a major defect after debridement, and endovascular therapy. Furthermore, cilostazol improves amputation-free survival rate in patients with critical limb ischemia.
Nuclear factor-kappa B activation inhibits proliferation and promotes apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells
Authors: Jiao Lei , Jiang Ming , Liu Jun , Wei Lichao , Wu Min
Published: July 2018

Objectives

To investigate the role of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) performed in cell proliferation and apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), and to assess the mechanisms.

Methods

Human aorta VSMCs were divided into control, NF-κB inhibitor, NF-κB overexpression + NF-κB inhibitor, control vector + NF-κB inhibitor, NF-κB overexpression, and control vector groups. NF-κB overexpression vector was constructed and transfected into VSMCs. Proliferation of VSMCs in each group was detected by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide. Apoptosis of VSMCs was detected by flow cytometry. The expression of NF-κB, FasL, and hypertension-related gene (HRG-1) was measured by Western blotting.

Results

NF-κB overexpression vector was constructed correctly by restriction endonuclease, and the results showed that the activation of NF-κB could inhibit the proliferation of VSMCs. The results of flow cytometry also confirmed that NF-κB overexpression promoted apoptosis of VSMCs. Mechanically, NF-κB overexpression could up-regulate the expression of FasL and HRG-1.

Conclusions

NF-κB overexpression promotes apoptosis and inhibits cell proliferation of VSMCs. The mechanisms might be regulated by promoting FasL and HRG-1 expression.
People with intellectual disabilities’ experiences of psychological therapy: A systematic review and meta-ethnography
Authors: Evans Lauren , Randle-Phillips Cathy
Published: July 2018

The effectiveness of a range of psychological models adapted for use with people with intellectual disabilities has been well documented. A number of studies have used qualitative methods to examine people with intellectual disabilities’ experiences of these adapted interventions. Such research is important for identifying service users’ views on the helpful and challenging aspects of psychological interventions to ensure that they meet the needs of people with intellectual disabilities. To consolidate this research, a systematic review using a meta-ethnographic approach was undertaken. A systematic search identified 16 relevant studies. These studies were reviewed, critically appraised and key themes were extracted. Five key concepts were identified: adapting to therapy, the therapeutic environment, group dynamics, the therapeutic relationship and the impact of therapy on life. The need for further consideration of power differentials within the therapeutic relationship and further adaptations to ensure accessibility of therapy for people with intellectual disabilities is discussed.
Heritage Work: The Preservations and Performances of Thames Sailing Barges
Authors: Nettleingham David
Published: July 2018

‘Heritage’ represents a series of contested and contingent relationships in the preservation and performance of the past. It is a relationship made all the more complex by taking into account the work that goes into both aspects: preserving what would otherwise be lost, and actively seeking public exposure and support. Work has been central to studies of heritage practices in the context of deindustrialisation: how working identities and communities use or become used in the development of heritage-led regeneration. This article examines what it is to engage in forms of work defined by their personal, community and commercial heritage appeal. It presents a study of those who live and work on Thames sailing barges – historic cargo vessels whose future survival relies on the impetus to preserve them as part of an industrial heritage, and in their fulfilment of a number of (often problematic) performative roles.
Enteroscopy in children
Authors: Di Nardo Giovanni , Calabrese Carlo , Conti Nibali Roberto , De Matteis Arianna , Casciani Emanuele , Martemucci Luigi , Pagliaro Giuseppe , Pagano Nico
Published: July 2018

Introduction

Device‐assisted enteroscopy is a new endoscopic technique for the evaluation of small bowel in adults and children. Data in pediatric population are limited. This review aims to identify diagnostic and therapeutic benefits of enteroscopy in children.

Methods

We have analysed paediatric literature on device‐assisted enteroscopy focusing on indications, technical aspects and complications, with attention given to adult publications that may be applicable to the paediatric population.

Results

Obscure gastrointestinal bleeding, Crohn's disease and small bowel polyps are the main indications of enteroscopy in children. Device‐assisted enteroscopy has high diagnostic yield for the main paediatric indications, but MR‐enterography and capsule endoscopy should be used beforehand in diagnostic work‐up to better identify candidates for enteroscopy and to improve its diagnostic and therapeutic yield. Major complications are rare and mostly related to therapeutic procedures.

Conclusion

Despite limited data in the paediatric population, device‐assisted enteroscopy represents a useful and safe endoscopic technique in children. Its use, combined with MR‐enterography and capsule endoscopy, allows identification and treatment of many of the small bowel paediatric diseases with a low risk of complications.
The research significance of concomitant use of CAR-CD138-NK and CAR-CD19-NK to target multiple myelomas
Authors: Zhao Songbo , Han Zhichao , Ji Cheng , An Gangli , Meng Huimin , Yang Lin
Published: July 2018

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a type of cancer characterized by abnormal proliferation of clonal cells; it is the very dangerous and highly prevalent disease. Although significant progress has been made in clinical research, especially with novel drugs such as bortezomib, lenalidomide, and carfilzomib, most of the patients with MM still suffer from often fetal relapses due to drug resistance. In this study, we aimed to develop immune cells that could specifically target and destroy MM cells. Chimeric antigen receptor–modified NK-92 (CAR-NK92) cells have been very effective against B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL); as MM shows high expression of CD138, we constructed CD138-directed CAR-NK-92MI cells (CAR-CD138). It 2is reported that there is a small subset of CD138–/CD19+ MM cells showing, to some extent, stem cell qualities. We therefore generated the CD19-directed CAR-NK-92MI cells (CAR-CD19) as well. These two CAR-NK cells showed strong in vitro biological activity in specifically killing target tumor cells. Thus, the concomitant use of these CAR-NK cells may achieve excellent results in vivo.
Improving access to post-treatment support for patients with cancer – thinking outside the box: A patient perspective
Authors: Lewis Chris
Published: July 2018

Introduction:

Aggressive cancers such as mantle cell lymphoma are life-changing diseases, affecting all aspects in the life of a patient. Not only affecting a patient physically due to the disease itself and potential treatments but also mentally, socially and economically as well. The aim of this article is to describe the journey of a patient from a clinical and personal perspective, highlighting the importance of a collaborative approach to patients’ post-treatment care from clinicians, allied health professionals and patient advocacy groups/charities.

Case presentation:

The case presented the journey of a 51-year-old male with stage IV mantle cell lymphoma presented from his own perspective. The clinical case highlights a number of key issues on post-treatment support and the need for improvement to ensure cancer survivors have the best quality of life once treatment has ended.

Conclusions:

It is essential that cancer survivors receive the support and information they require to adjust to lifestyle changes arising from their disease and treatment. Improving communication and access to care and providing additional emotional support may assist survivors in adapting to these changes. Increased collaboration among physicians, researchers, allied health professionals, patient groups and charities and patients will continue to improve quality of life for cancer patients after treatment has ceased.
Material perspective on the evolution of micro- and nano-scale cutting of metal alloys
Authors: Rahman M. Azizur , Rahman Mustafizur , Kumar A. Senthil
Published: July 2018

Microfabrication plays an active role in miniaturization of products and components in various emerging fields ranging from pharmaceuticals and bio-medical applications to electro-mechanical sensors and actuators to chemical microreactors and mechanical microturbines. Tool-based machining is one of the key technologies of microfabrication. The machining of materials on the micrometre and nanometre scales is fundamental for the fabrication of 3D micro components. However, there are limitations of scaling down the mechanical machining process from the macro- to micro- to nanoscales. Several factors that are not significant in conventional machining become significant in micro/nano-scale machining. This article identifies the important material-related issues on the evolution of micro cutting from conventional cutting process. The main focus is given to the state-of-the art micro/nano-cutting technologies of metal alloys with material perspective. Furthermore, a promising research of coupling the additive and subtractive manufacturing technologies has been highlighted to improve the surface quality of 3D-printed metallic parts.
Implementing a podiatry prescribing mentoring program in a public health service: a cost‐description study
Authors: Couch Anna G. , Foo Jonathan , James Alicia M. , Maloney Stephen , Williams Cylie M.
Published: July 2018

Background

In the management of diabetes and high‐risk patients, timely treatment with scheduled medicines is critical to prevent severe infections and reduce the risk of lower extremity amputation. However, in Australia, few podiatrists have attained endorsement to prescribe. The aims of this study were to identify the costs associated with developing and implementing a podiatry prescribing mentoring program; and to compare the cost of this program against potential healthcare savings produced.

Methods

This was a cost‐description analysis, involving the calculation of costs associated with the development and implementation of a mentoring program to train podiatrists to become endorsed prescribers. Costs were calculated using the Ingredients Method and examined from the perspective of a public health service provider, and the individual learner podiatrist. Breakeven analysis compared the cost of training a podiatry prescriber for endorsement against the potential benefit (savings) made by averting complications of an infected foot ulcer. A sensitivity analysis was conducted to allow for uncertainty in the results of an economic evaluation.

Results

Total start‐up cost for the podiatry prescriber mentoring program was $13, 251. The total cost to train one learner podiatrist was $30, 087, distributed between the hospital $17, 046 and the individual learner $13, 041. In the setting studied, a podiatry prescriber must avert 0.40 major amputations arising from an infected foot ulcer through prescribing to recover the cost of training. If in‐kind training costs are included, total cost increases to $50, 654, and the breakeven point shifts to 0.68 major amputations averted.

Conclusion

The economic benefits (savings) created by an endorsed prescribing podiatrist over their career in a public health service are likely to outweigh the costs to train a podiatrist to attain endorsement. Further research is required to help understand the effectiveness of podiatry prescribing in reducing diabetic foot related complications and the potential economic impact of podiatry prescribers on this health condition.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Assessment of healthiness among long term inhabiting army soldiers in dry zone of Sri Lanka
Authors: Jayaweera Jayaweera Arachchige Asela Sampath , Joseph Anpalaham
Published: July 2018

Objectives

Military personnel, because of the unique nature of their duties, are reluctant to face stressors. Living in hot and humid conditions they frequently suffer dehydration. Army soldiers living in dry zone of Sri Lanka, were screened for chronic kidney disease (CKD), common non-communicable diseases and methicillin resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) colonization. Albumin creatinine ratio > 30 mg/g urine taken as cut-off for detection of CKD.

Results

Screened 417 soldiers, all were men and body mass index were 21.4 ± 2.2 kg/m2. They smoke 0.5 ± 0.1 pack years while consume alcohol 32 ± 3 units/week and were having 100/min average daily moderate physical activity. Eight of them (0.2%) were having essential hypertension, 4 (0.1%) of them were having diabetes mellitus. Blood cholesterol was within normal range. CKD unknown etiology (CKDu) prevalence among screened army soldiers was 0.009. All were from native army recruits. Further, 71.2% had MRSA colonization. In a group of middle aged army recruits, despite tobacco smoking and moderate level of alcohol consumption while continuously having healthy dietary practices with physical activities would leads to low prevalence of communicable diseases. Further, compared to native group of solders, visitors but living long time recruits CKDu incidence is zero.
A novel LC–MS method using collagen marker peptides for species identification of glue applicable to samples with multiple animal origins
Authors: Kumazawa Yuki , Taga Yuki , Takashima Miho , Hattori Shunji
Published: July 2018

Animal glues derived from collagen-rich tissue are widely used as adhesives and binders in artworks. Identification of the animal source of glue is important not only to understand the artistic technique and historical background, but also to conduct appropriate treatment for restoration and conservation of artworks. Recently, mass spectrometric approaches have been used for species identification of glue. However, it appears that the existing methods were not applied to samples containing multiple animal sources, and the range of target species has been limited because of incomplete sequence information of collagen in public databases. In the present study, we established a novel method for discrimination of glues from eight animals applicable to samples with multiple animal origins. Trypsin-digested glue samples were analyzed by LC–MS in multiple reaction monitoring mode, and the animal source was determined based on the detection patterns of 12 type I collagen-derived marker peptides. Using the database-independent method, we successfully identified the animal source of commercial products and found the declared species for some glues to be incorrect. In addition, some products were identified to contain two different animal origins. Relative abundance of the animal origins in several impure glues was estimated using the marker peptides, which helped to speculate the reason for the detection of multiple species. We analyzed a painting (The Harvest by Camille Pissarro, 1882) and clarified that glues used in the ground and size layers of the canvas were derived from cattle (~ 65%) and sheep (~ 35%).
Estimating Near-Surface Shear Wave Velocity Using the P-Wave Seismograms Method in Japan
Authors: Miao Yu , Shi Yang , Wang Su-Yang
Published: July 2018

Using initial P-wave records at 298 seismic stations from the Kiban-Kyoshin network (KiK-net), the P-wave seismograms method is employed to estimate the near-surface shear wave velocity in Japan. The applicability of this method is validated by comparisons between the measured and estimated time-averaged shear wave velocity to depth Z( V SZ, 5< Z < 300 m). Using a second-order polynomial regression relating log V SZ and log V S30, the estimated V S30 values agree well with the measured values. We also find that V S30 is directly related with the ratio of radial to vertical components of the initial P-wave velocity time series ( R P). Compared with the theoretical method, the empirical relationship between R P and V S30 has an improvement in the accuracy for V S30 estimation, is basically region-independent for Japan and Central and Eastern North America (CENA), does not need any other parameters, and is potentially useful for other regions of the world.
Experimental Study of Low-Cycle Fatigue Behavior of a Welded Flange-Bolted Web Connection in Steel Moment-Resisting Frames
Authors: Lee Dong-Seok , Kishiki Shoichi , Yamada Satoshi , Ishida Takanori , Jiao Yu
Published: July 2018

This paper describes an experimental investigation of the low-cycle fatigue (LCF) behavior of welded flange-bolted web (WFBW) connections, which are commonly employed in high-rise steel moment-resisting frames (MRFs) in Japan. The main parameters investigated in this study were (1) bolt configuration of the web connection and (2) steel grade. According to test results, LCF capacity depends on the slip behavior of different bolt configurations, even at relatively minor inelastic rotations. Slip behavior effects can be evaluated by the yield strength of the shear plate or the slip-critical strength; for specimens whose shear plate yield strength was designed to be higher than the slip-critical strength, LCF capacity showed that the upper limit can neglect slip behavior. Furthermore, it was shown that LCF behavior can be evaluated by the same fatigue curve in the relationship of fatigue capacity and beam rotation amplitude, regardless of steel yield stress.
Automated Extraction of Grade, Stage, and Quality Information From Transurethral Resection of Bladder Tumor Pathology Reports Using Natural Language Processing
Authors: Glaser Alexander P. , Jordan Brian J. , Cohen Jason , Desai Anuj , Silberman Philip , Meeks Joshua J.
Published: July 2018

Purpose

Bladder cancer is initially diagnosed and staged with a transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT). Patient survival is dependent on appropriate sampling of layers of the bladder, but pathology reports are dictated as free text, making large-scale data extraction for quality improvement challenging. We sought to automate extraction of stage, grade, and quality information from TURBT pathology reports using natural language processing (NLP).

Methods

Patients undergoing TURBT were retrospectively identified using the Northwestern Enterprise Data Warehouse. An NLP algorithm was then created to extract information from free-text pathology reports and was iteratively improved using a training set of manually reviewed TURBTs. NLP accuracy was then validated using another set of manually reviewed TURBTs, and reliability was calculated using Cohen’s κ.

Results

Of 3,042 TURBTs identified from 2006 to 2016, 39% were classified as benign, 35% as Ta, 11% as T1, 4% as T2, and 10% as isolated carcinoma in situ. Of 500 randomly selected manually reviewed TURBTs, NLP correctly staged 88% of specimens (κ = 0.82; 95% CI, 0.78 to 0.86). Of 272 manually reviewed T1 tumors, NLP correctly categorized grade in 100% of tumors (κ = 1), correctly categorized if muscularis propria was reported by the pathologist in 98% of tumors (κ = 0.81; 95% CI, 0.62 to 0.99), and correctly categorized if muscularis propria was present or absent in the resection specimen in 82% of tumors (κ = 0.62; 95% CI, 0.55 to 0.73). Discrepancy analysis revealed pathologist notes and deeper resection specimens as frequent reasons for NLP misclassifications.

Conclusion

We developed an NLP algorithm that demonstrates a high degree of reliability in extracting stage, grade, and presence of muscularis propria from TURBT pathology reports. Future iterations can continue to improve performance, but automated extraction of oncologic information is promising in improving quality and assisting physicians in delivery of care.
Analysis ofMDM2Amplification: Next-Generation Sequencing of Patients With Diverse Malignancies
Authors: Kato Shumei , Ross Jeffrey S. , Gay Laurie , Dayyani Farshid , Roszik Jason , Subbiah Vivek , Kurzrock Razelle
Published: July 2018

Purpose

MDM2 amplification can promote tumorigenesis directly or indirectly through p53 inhibition. MDM2 has increasing clinical relevance because inhibitors are under evaluation in clinical trials, and MDM2 amplification is a possible genomic correlate of accelerated progression, known as hyperprogression, after anti–PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy. We used next-generation sequencing (NGS) to ascertain MDM2 amplification status across a large number of diverse cancers.

Methods

We interrogated the molecular profiles of 102,878 patients with diverse malignancies for MDM2 amplification and co-altered genes using clinical-grade NGS (182 to 465 genes).

Results

MDM2 amplification occurred in 3.5% of patients (3,650 of 102,878). The majority of tumor types had a small subset of patients with MDM2 amplification. Most of these patients (99.0% [3,613/3,650]) had co-alterations that accompanied MDM2 amplification. Various pathways, including those related to tyrosine kinase (37.9% [1,385 of 3,650]), PI3K signaling (25.4% [926 of 3,650]), TP53 (24.9% [910 of 3,650]), and MAPK signaling (23.6% [863 of 3,650]), were involved. Although infrequent, mismatch repair genes and PD-L1 amplification also were co-altered (2.2% [79 of 3,650]). Most patients (97.6% [3,563 of 3,650]) had one or more co-alterations potentially targetable with either a Food and Drug Administration–approved or investigational agent. MDM2 amplifications were less frequently associated with high tumor mutation burden compared with the MDM2 wild-type population (2.9% v 6.5%; P < .001). An illustrative patient who harbored MDM2 amplification and experienced hyperprogression with an immune checkpoint inhibitor is presented.

Conclusion

MDM2 amplification was found in 3.5% of 102,878 patients, 97.6% of whom harbored genomic co-alterations that were potentially targetable. This study suggests that a small subset of most tumor types have MDM2 amplification as well as pharmacologically tractable co-alterations.
Reading the Entangled Life of Goggey, an Aboriginal Man on the Fringes of Early Colonial Sydney
Authors: Mclaren Annemarie
Published: July 2018

When so many lives of Aboriginal people slipped through the cracks of the colonial archives in the early decades of Sydney, the fact that one Dharawal man, Goggey, can be traced in fragments offers exciting opportunities. In the process of reading Goggey’s life from 1802 to 1826 in letters, newspapers, accounts, and journals—enigmatic and often thorny sources that touch on matters of violence and cannibalism—one can see the difficulties and the possibilities of anthropologically infused ethnohistory and socio-biography emerge. During a period of enormous change in the colony, close attention to this Dharawal man’s life also demonstrates the need for caution in applying “models” for cross-cultural relations in colonial contexts. However stimulating “middle ground” or “native ground” ideas may be, cross-cultural interaction in early colonial New South Wales was a negotiated, dynamic affair in which trial and error were as constant as the rapidly evolving, entangled historical context.
Teacher's professionalism: success and career
Authors: Глузман Неля , Gluzman Nelya
Published: July 2018

The monograph substantiates theoretical and methodological foundations of the teacher's professionalism. The essence, content and structure of the concept "teacher's professionalism" and the specifics of its formation in pedagogical workers are revealed. The professionalism of the teacher is presented as a condition of the professional success and career growth of specialists in the pedagogical sphere.
For scientific workers, undergraduates, pedagogues, teachers of higher educational institutions.
Optimal Screening for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Restless Bandit Model
Authors: Lee Elliot , Lavieri Mariel S. , Volk Michael
Published: July 2018

This paper seeks an efficient way to screen a population of patients at risk for hepatocellular carcinoma when (1) each patient’s disease evolves stochastically and (2) there are limited screening resources shared by the population. Recent medical discoveries have shown that biological information can be learned at each screening to differentiate patients into varying levels of risk for cancer. We investigate how to exploit this knowledge to choose which patients to screen to maximize early-stage cancer detections while limiting resource usage. We model the problem as a family of restless bandits, with each patient’s disease progression evolving as a partially observable Markov decision process. We derive an optimal policy for this problem and discuss managerial insights into what characterizes more effective screening. To provide numerical evidence, we use two independent data sets of over 800 patients, one to train the optimal policy, and the other to build a computer simulation to act as a test bed for said policy. We are able to show that our policy detects 22% more early-stage cancers than current practice, while using the same amount of resource expenditure. We provide insights into the structure underlying our policy and discuss the implications of our findings.

The e-companion is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2017.0697 .
Materialidades e Maternidades: Agência distribuída e produção de copresença em redes espaço-temporais de cuidado mobilizadas por estrangeiras na Penitenciária Feminina da Capital (PFC) – SP
Authors: Bumachar Bruna Louzada , Ferreira Pedro Peixoto
Published: July 2018

Como tornar presente o ausente? Como se fazer presente onde não se está? Fundamentados em uma pesquisa de campo junto a mulheres estrangeiras presas na Penitenciária Feminina da Capital (PFC, São Paulo), propomos uma maneira de abordar os processos por meio dos quais copresenças espaciais e temporais mediadas são produzidas, mantidas e transformadas a partir do imperativo relacional da maternidade. Constatamos que a criação, a manutenção e a transformação de vínculos e relações entre pessoas que não estão imediatamente copresentes estão diretamente ligadas ao esforço que essas mesmas pessoas investem na mediação desses vínculos e relações, agindo indiretamente na vida uns dos outros. Nesse contexto, falar de “maternidade” é falar da produção, pela mobilização de materialidades diversas (agentes humanos e não humanos), de uma copresença dificultada (mas nem por isso impedida) entre mães e fílhos(as); uma presença corporal defasada, estendida, mediada, que pode ser sentida onde o corpo biológico não necessariamente está.Palavras-Chave: Prisão. Maternidade. Mediação.
Os Limites do “Humano”: Restos humanos em um laboratório de genética forense
Authors: Fonseca Claudia , Garrido Rodrigo Grazinoli
Published: July 2018

Nesse artigo, tomando como universo empírico um laboratório de genética forense, seguimos a trajetória dos pequenos pedaços de tecido tirados cirurgicamente de cadáveres humanos para estabelecer um perfil de DNA. Observamos que transformar tecidos já testados em material descartável, de forma a liberar o espaço físico para novas amostras, requer um investimento de energia institucional, envolvendo saúde pública, tribunais criminais e cemitérios públicos. Ao longo do percurso, o material corporal se mostra um ator dinâmica que, no âmbito das mediações técnicas da atividade pericial, realiza uma complexa coreografia, tocando em questões quanto aos limites do que é considerado “humano”. Avançamos a hipótese de que, apesar das diferentes operações cunhadas para objetificar o material humano, transformando-o em resíduo descartável, os corpos acabam voltando para “assombrar” a produção científica de provas.Palavras-chave: Antropologia da ciência. Materialidade relacional. Perícia. Restos humanos.
Jovens Transexuais: Acesso a serviços médicos, medicina e diagnóstico
Authors: O’Dwyer Brena , Heilborn Maria Luiza
Published: July 2018

O presente estudo enquadra-se em um conjunto de pesquisas que, a partir dos anos 2000, busca analisar a transexualidade mediante a crítica à patologização de identidades de gênero que operam fora do modelo que relaciona diretamente sexo anatômico ao gênero. O objetivo principal do artigo é descrever a relação de quatro jovens trans com a medicina, diagnóstico e serviços de saúde. Foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com quatro jovens com idades entre 18 e 22 anos. Apresentamos uma breve historicização da definição da transexualidade enquanto patologia; descrevemos as principais ideias médicas envolvidas na criação do “Processo Transexualizador” do Sistema Único de Saúde no Brasil. Por último, pretendemos apontar como determinadas exigências morais originam-se na noção de que a expressão de gênero está ancorada, em última instância, no sexo biológico.Palavras-chave: Gênero. Transexualidade. Serviços de saúde.
Gwaredu BVD — bovine viral diarrhoea eradication in Wales
Authors: Paton Neil
Published: July 2018

Gwaredu BVD is an industry led programme that has tested 40% of farms in Wales for bovine viral diarrhoea (BVD). The programme is sponsoring persistently infected animal hunts on farm to remove the disease from the Welsh cattle industry. More developments based on industry feedback will improve the programme.
Uma abordagem multiescalar das alterações do uso do solo na Floresta da Tijuca, Rio de Janeiro.
Authors: Araujo Paula Coelho
Published: July 2018

As florestas tropicais prestam diversos serviços ambientais, principalmente as urbanas que atuam como reguladores climáticos e hidrológicos dos sítios urbanos. A Floresta da Tijuca está localizada na cidade do Rio de Janeiro (Brasil) e possui um histórico de devastação, o que refletiu em grande perda da sua diversidade e alterações em todo o sistema geohidroecológico. O objetivo da pesquisa é realizar um resgate espaço-temporal dos impactos provocados na floresta, por alterações no uso do solo, e como estes impactos conduziram às modificações nos sistemas ambientais. O processo de degradação florestal iniciou-se no século XIX, a partir da derrubada da vegetação e implantação do cultivo do café nas encostas florestadas. A cidade do Rio de Janeiro então sofreu déficits no abastecimento de água, a estabilidade original do sistema foi afetada e houve alterações nas condições microclimáticas, contribuindo para que o governo promovesse o reflorestamento destas áreas. Por ser uma floresta urbana, a mesma é fonte de grandes pressões externas que alteram as condições iniciais do geossistema, sendo constatada na pesquisa modificações na temperatura e na qualidade da água, ocorrência de chuva ácida, deslizamentos de terras, dentre outros. Este quadro de degradação evoluiu significativamente ao longo das décadas, porém a unidade de conservação, nos últimos anos, tem sido fortemente protegida por medidas implantadas pelo órgão gestor e apresentando melhorias nos resultados em termos de qualidade ambiental. Conclui-se que a floresta, apesar de toda a degradação sofrida, continua ainda desempenhando funções fundamentais como a estabilização do clima, a regulação hidrológica e as raízes da cobertura vegetal contribuem para a estabilidade das encostas. Nesse sentido, a conservação deste recurso é fundamental para que estes serviços ambientais continuem sendo realizados e continuem também beneficiando a própria cidade.
Rota das Emoções
Authors: Borges Vicente de Paula Censi
Published: July 2018

A política de turismo no Brasil, nos últimos 13 anos, foi baseada no objetivo de dinamizar a economia regionalmente através de atividades relacionadas ao turismo, utilizando, basicamente, recursos locais, identidade cultural e paisagem. Desta forma, entre os produtos gerados pela política implementada, destacam-se as novas rotas turísticas. Assim, este artigo trata da influência do turismo na região costeira do Piauí, que faz parte do principal produto turístico da região meio-norte, a Rota das Emoções. Portanto, com base numa metodologia qualitativa, a pesquisa incide na área que compreende os municípios de Parnaíba, Ilha Grande, Luís Correia e Cajueiro da Praia, que delimitam o território de estudo, denominado "Polo Turístico Costa do Delta". O presente trabalho tem como objetivo destacar o atual cenário de turismo na Rota das Emoções, apresentando influências na paisagem cultural do Polo Turístico da Costa Delta. Inquirida a população residente, os resultados apontam para um impacto negativo no ambiente natural, transformação no modo de vida local e novas perspectivas econômicas para a região costeira do Piauí, que explicam a modelagem das formas de relação entre os sujeitos com a natureza e espaço turístico.
Dinamização multifuncional dos centros históricos: propostas a partir dos centros histórico-marítimos da Galiza (Espanha)
Authors: Gusman Inês
Published: July 2018

Para além de serem peças fundamentais da estrutura urbana, os centros históricos são espaços singulares de alto valor simbólico. São espaços diferenciados do restante tecido urbano pelas suas dinâmicas físicas, sociais e funcionais específicas. Guardam vestígios do urbanismo de dif erentes épocas, sendo por isso elementos representativos da memória coletiva de uma população. Quando localizados em zonas costeiras, os Centros Históricos incorporam testemunhos da relação entre o ser humano e o mar e das atividades económicas e sociais por esta geradas. Neste contexto, o presente artigo centra-se na análise das dinâmicas destes espaços que, devido às suas caraterísticas físicas e identitárias, se denominam de “Centros Histórico-Marítimos”. Recorrendo a uma proposta metodológica que, através da contabilização de edifícios dos municípios, permite a seleção das unidades territoriais de estatística oficial mais adequadas à captação das dinâmicas socioeconómicas dos centros históricos. Desenvolveu-se assim uma análise de três casos de estudo na Comunidade Autónoma da Galiza, Espanha - Muros, Baiona e Combarro - e elaborou-se um diagnóstico dos principais desafios territoriais que afetam este tipo de espaços. Com base nos resultados, apresentam-se propostas de linhas de atuação para alcançar a revitalização multifuncional destes centros históricos, baseada na sua dinamização cultural, comercial, residencial e turística.

Dada a necessidade de conhecer as realidades que afetam estes centros propomos uma metodologia multidisciplinar capaz de captar o seu estado em diferentes âmbitos, a partir da realização de três estudos de caso na Comunidade Autónoma da Galiza (Espanha): Baiona, Combarro e Muros. Como resultado teremos uma metodologia de análise inovadora e transferível para outros territórios, bem como uma caraterização de três modelos diferentes de integração do turismo num centro histórico marítimo. Terminamos o estudo elaborando propostas de atuação adaptadas às necessidades de cada tipologia, e definimos os caminhos comuns para a sustentabilidade da multifuncionalidade desses centros históricos.
THE PSYCHOLOGICAL IMPACT IN WOMEN AFTER MASTECTOMY WITH AND WITHOUT IMMEDIATE MAMMARY RECONSTRUCTION
Authors: Alves Bárbara Torquato , Melo Antonio Marlos Duarte de , Do Nascimento Sâmia Israele Braz , Sousa Neto José Maria , Araújo Itamar Alves , Puentes Teresa Manuela Oliveira , Quidute Patrícia Sobral Luna
Published: July 2018

Breast cancer is a very common pathology in the female environment, being the second largest cause of neoplasia in Brazil. Surgical treatment with mastectomy is seen as resolving in most cases, but breast reconstruction is crucial for improving the psychological aspects of the patient, since the removal of the breast without the oncoplastic can trigger emotional, stress and sadness problems. Breast reconstruction may be immediate, when performed in the postoperative period of the mastectomy, or late, when performed at any time postoperatively. The mastectomy, in isolation, can leave the patient with visible scars, aesthetic deformities in the breasts, causing greater psychological problems such as anxiety, depression, panic syndrome, distortion of body self-image, as well as sexual dysfunctions. Thus, there are still gaps in knowledge in the analysis of the psychological impact and, of course, new researches that analyze the psychological factor in mastectomized women with and without immediate breast reconstruction are crucial to better work the moment of vulnerability that these patients are going through. Keywords: Mastectomy; Breast cancer; Oncoplastic; Breast reconstruction; Psychological problems.
RELATED ASPECTS OF CLINICAL GENETICS AND RETT SYNDROME EVOLUTION
Authors: Marx Miguel , Menezes Tatiana De , Batista Hermes Melo Teixeira , Bandeira Luiz Arthur Bevilaqua , Melo Antonio Marlos Duarte de , Oliveira Gislene Farias de
Published: July 2018

Rett syndrome has yielded many articles over the years since its discovery. This is a production that aims to recover some concepts already brought by other authors, to fix the genetic aspect of the affection, as well as the clinical evolution and associated diseases. Methodology: The screen study is the result of consultations in national and international databases, most notably PubMed and Scielo as a source of academic articles. In the consultations we used the following keywords: Rett Syndrome, Mental Deficit, Multiple Deficit, Epileptic Crisis, and Genetics, we still serve three journals: Genomics & Genetics Weekly, Genetic, Social and General Psychology Monographs and Journal of Medical Genetics of the English equivalent as descriptors: Rett Syndrome, Mental Limitation, General Limitation, Epilepsy and Genetics. In our consultation we found 185 articles and of these, we use 32 to compose our bibliographic reference.  Keywords: Rett syndrome. Mental deficiency. Multiple Deficit. Epileptic
Factors influencing bone mineral density in postpartum women
Authors: Novikova Tatiana V. , Kuznetsova Lubov V. , Yakovleva Natalia Yu. , Zazerskaya Irina E.
Published: July 2018

Background: Osteopenia is a common condition. Therefore, identification of groups for prevention of osteoporosis and restoration of bone mineral density (BMD) remains relevant.
Aim: to assess the factors contributing to development of osteopenia in puerperas.
Methods: prospective cross-sectional study. We examined 112 patients aged 20-35, 3-5 days after delivery. To assess possible factors for BMD decrease, we analyzed medical history, lifestyle, nutrition, anthropometric data, obstetric and gynecological history, and pregnancy course. We also assessed serum levels of 25-hydroxycalciferol (25-OH-D) and PTH. BMD was measured by dual energy x-ray osteodensitometry. We considered Z-score from -1 to -2.5SD as osteopenia, below -2.5 SD-as osteoporosis.
Results: based on Z-score values, two groups were formed: 1 (n=70) - puerperas with osteopenia, 2 (n=42) - puerperas with normal BMD. In the first group, osteopenia in the distal radius was observed in 48%, in the lumbar spine in 16% and in the proximal femur in 36%. Influence of the following possible factors in group 1 was established: BMI in 15-20 years ≤ 18 kg/m2 (p<0.013), BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 (p<0.018), 25-OH-D less than 25 ng / ml (p < 0.0018), calcium intake less than 800 mg/day (p<0.041). Menstrual disorders (p<0.052) and preeclapsia (p < 0.042) affected lumbar spine BMD. In group 1, vitamin D deficiency was detected in 82% of women, 18% showed vitamin D insufficiency; in group 2, vitamin D deficiency was found in 16%, deficiency in 70%, in 14% vitamin D was normal. In women with a combination of factors such as BMI≤ 18 kg/m; calcium intake lower than 800 mg/day, menstrual cycle disorders, vitamin D deficiency - osteopenia in the distal radius occured 11 times more often (OR=11,47059; CI 95%=[4,0326; 32,627]).
Conclusion: most significant impact on BMD decrease in puerperas can be expected if patient has the following risk factors: BMI≤18 kg/m2; 25-OH- D<25 ng/ml ; nutrition with calcium intake <800 mg per day, preeclampsia. Combination of these factors may increase the risk of osteopenia in the distal radius.
Religious Referent Transmission in The Process of Conscience Development: A Qualitative Study
Authors: YILDIZ Mualla
Published: July 2018

The concept of conscience is attributed to many different meanings, but its origins remain a subject of debate among several scholars. In the first century BCE, early Stoics defined the conscience as an internal voice that made ethical judgments. While classical Greek philosophy and the Old Testament did not use the term itself, they did understand and employ the idea of such a faculty using the corresponding concept of the heart. Conscience is not found as an explicit term within the Qur’an, but there are a number of verses that speak of the concept. Numerous studies show correlations with different variables from parental attitude to religious tendency. In this study, the focus is on the process of conscience development in Qur’an course students (N=9) and how religious text is used. This is a qualitative study which employed the interview method and a phenomenological approach. The results demonstrated religion as a tool to help guide the individual in distinguishing what is right and what is wrong. However, the participants obeyed religious rules based on their personal life goals, individual expectations. Because of this, they used the same religious text for different stages of conscience.
İki İlahi Kitap (Kitâb-I Mukaddes ve Kur’an-I Kerîm) Ekseninde Yahudilik, Hıristiyanlık ve İslam’da İnâyet
Authors: TAŞÇI YILDIRIM Emine
Published: July 2018

İhtimam, yardım, lütuf, iyilik ve ihsan anlamlara gelen inâyet kavramı, genel olarak Tanrı’nın eşya üzerindeki tedbiri veya ilahî takdiri olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Felsefe, kelâm ve tasavvufun merkezi kavramlarından biri olan inâyet, ilahî dinler içerisinde de kendine yer edinmiştir. Bu bağlamda inâyet fikrinin hem Kitâb-ı Mukaddes hem de Kur’an-ı Kerîm’in bütününde işlendiğini söylemek mümkündür. Eski Ahit’te inâyet, Yahudilikteki seçilmiş millet fikriyle bağlantılı olarak ele alınmaktadır. Yeni Ahit’te ise bu düşünceden uzaklaşıldığı, Tanrı’nın inâyetinin evrensel ve mutlak oluşunun vurgulandığı görülmektedir. Kur’an-ı Kerîm’e gelindiğinde ise onda Allah’ın inananlara yönelik bir yardımından bahsedilmekle beraber Allah’ın inâyetinin bütün yaratılanları kuşattığı düşüncesinin hakim olduğundan söz edilebilir. Kur’an-ı Kerîm’de hakim olan bu inâyet fikri, inananlara yönelik özel bir yardımın varlığı ekseninde üstünlüğün takvada oluşuna yapılan vurguyla birlikte Yahudilikteki seçilmiş millet fikrine bir karşı çıkış olarak değerlendirilebilir. Ayrıca Kur’an-ı Kerîm’de inâyet fikrinin, Allah-âlem-insan ilişkisi bağlamında işlendiği de göze çarpmaktadır. Bu çalışmada Yahudilik, Hıristiyanlık ve İslam’ın inâyet düşüncesine genel yaklaşımı, Kitâb-ı Mukaddes ve Kur’an-ı Kerîm ekseninde incelenerek bu alana bir katkı sunmak amaçlanmaktadır. Bununla birlikte ilahî dinler açısından bu kavramın tarihi süreç içerisinde nasıl bir değişim geçirdiği de ortaya konulmaya çalışılacaktır
Din ve Değer İlişkisi: İsrafa Karşı Farkındalık Üzerine Uygulamalı Bir Araştırma
Authors: ÇINAR Fatih
Published: July 2018

Din-değer ilişkisinin temel alındığı bu araştırmada Din Kültürü ve Ahlak Bilgisi (DKAB) dersinin öğrencilerin israf konusundaki dini yaklaşım (bilgi ve tutum) ve israfa karşı farkındalık düzeyleri üzerindeki etkisi incelenmiştir. Araştırmada deneysel çalışma yönteminin tek gruplu ön-test sontest deneysel deseni kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklem grubunu 6. sınıfa devam eden 59 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada katılımcılara 6 hafta süre ile israf konusunda DKAB dersleri ile bütünleştirilmiş proje tabanlı ve aktif öğrenme merkezli etkinlikleri uygulanmıştır. Araştırma verileri araştırmacı tarafından geliştirilen Dini Bilgi ve Tutum Ölçeği (DBTÖ) ile İsrafa Karşı Farkındalık Ölçeği (İKFÖ) ile toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde bağımlı gruplar t-testi, bağımsız gruplar t testi, tek yönlü varyans analizi ve pearson korelasyon testleri kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda; öğrencilerin israf konusundaki dini bilgi ve tutumları arttıkça israfa karşı farkındalık düzeylerinin de arttığı; proje tabanlı ve aktif öğrenme merkezli gerçekleştirilen DKAB dersinin öğrencilerin DBTÖ ve İKFÖ ön test- son test puanlarında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılaşmaya neden olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Sonuçlar dinin, değerler üzerindeki etkisini uygulamalı olarak ortaya koyması açısından oldukça önemlidir.
Pengaruh Kumulatif Cekaman Biotik dan Abiotik Terhadap Penurunan Pertumbuhan Tajuk Tanaman Kedelai [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] cv. Grobogan
Authors: Darmanti Sri
Published: July 2018

Pada kondisi alami, tumbuhan sering terpapar pada kondisi beberapa cekaman biotik dan abiotik secara bersamaan. Tumbuhan merespon cekaman ganda dengan cara yang berbeda dibanding responya terhadap cekaman tunggal.  Pengaruh cekaman ganda dapat ditunjukkan sebagai persen (%) pengaruh kumulatif, yaitu perbandingan antara persen pengaruh cekaman ganda dengan persen pengaruh cekaman tunggal yang menyebabkan perubahan paling besar terhadap parameter yang diukur. Penelitian bertujuan mengkaji pengaruh kumulatif cekaman ganda biotik berupa interferensi gulma teki (Cyperus rotundus L.) dan abiotik berupa kekeringan terhadap penurunan pertumbuhan tajuk kedelai [Glycine max (L.) Merr. ] cv. Grobogan. Penelitian menggunakan metode ekperimental rancangan acak lengkap dua faktor (3 x 3), yaitu tingkat interferensi teki (kontrol, tiga teki, enam teki) dan tingkat cekaman kekeringan (kontrol, ringan, berat). Hasil  penelitian menunjukkan pengaruh kumulatif cekaman ganda biotik dan abiotik dalam menurunkan pertumbuhan tajuk tanaman kedelai cv. Grobogan bersifat cross synergism yaitu salah satu dari kedua cekaman menyebabkan meningkatnya kepekaan tanaman kedelai cv. Grobogan terhadap cekaman yang lainnya.     Kata kunci : cross synergism, pengaruh, kumulatif, teki, kedelai
Absorpsi dan Metabolisme Kalsium pada Puyuh (Coturnix-coturnix Japonica)
Authors: Sarswati Tyas Rini
Published: July 2018

Absorpsi dan metabolisme kalsium pada puyuh diregulasi oleh hormon paratiroid, dihidroksikolekalsiferol (Vitamin D), dan kalsitonin. Ketiga hormon tersebut meregulasi kebutuhan kalsium dalam tubuh puyuh. Pada artikel ini juga dibahas mengenai peran hormon hormon tersebut dalam mempertahankan homeostasis kalsium dalam darah melalui peran beberapa organ seperti ginjal, tulang dan usus. Pada puyuh kebutuhan kalsium terutama untuk pembentukan kerabang telur. Kata kunci : hormon, kalsium, puyuh