bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pet ownership and cognitive decline in older people
Authors: Veronese Nicola , Smith Lee , Noventa Vania , López-Sánchez Guillermo F. , Demurtas Jacopo , Sharpley Christopher F. , Bitsika Vicki , Jackson Sarah E.
Published: November 2019

Animals can have a positive influence on human health. However, it is not yet known whether pet ownership can prevent cognitive decline. Therefore, we aimed to investigate cross-sectional and prospective associations between pet ownership and cognitive function in a large, representative sample of older adults. Data were from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA) using data collected in wave 5 and six years later in wave 8. Pet ownership was categorized as no pet, dog, cat or other pet. Cognitive function was assessed using tests of verbal fluency (assessed by asking how many different animals the participants could name in 60 seconds) and memory (sum of immediate and delayed verbal recall). Multiple linear regression, adjusted for potential confounders, was used to test the associations between pet ownership and cognitive function. A total of 8291 people (mean age: 66.72 years) were included. In cross-sectional analyses, dog owners had better verbal fluency than individuals with no pet, but there was no significant difference between cat or other pet owners and those with no pet. In prospective analyses, dog owners had a significantly larger decline in recall than those with no pet, whilst cat owners had a significantly smaller decline in verbal fluency. These results provide some evidence to suggest that pet ownership may have positive effects on cognition in later life. However, benefits of pet ownership were not unilaterally observed across different types of pet and measures of cognitive function suggesting that further research is required.
Gli uccelli del Parco Regionale della Maremma
Authors: Giovacchini Pietro
Published: November 2019

Vi sono sicuramente buone ragioni per portare a conclusione un progetto come questo. L’occasione è quella decisiva per ricavarne dalla sua realizzazione quelle informazioni che, in molte circostanze, attendiamo da tempo e che risultano essere essenziali per redigere, ad esempio, elenchi delle specie della flora o fauna delle nostre aree protette. Proteggere significa anche conoscere e l’acquisizione scientifica di base è imprescindibile per garantire la conservazione, valorizzazione e gestione del patrimonio naturale. Gli Uccelli rappresentano il gruppo di vertebrati più numeroso della fauna italiana: ad essi fa riferimento questo lavoro sull’avifauna del Parco Regionale della Maremma e delle zone limitrofe, lavoro che si richiama per ispirazione ad un “modello” di ornitologia ancora oggi indispensabile, di impostazione moltoniana [...].
Continuation of Dual Antiplatelet Therapy in a Patient with a Coronary Artery Stent with Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever: A Clinical Conundrum
Authors: Ehelepola N. D. B. , Athurupana A. A. S. D. , Bowatte P. G. C. S. , Dissanayake Wasantha P.
Published: November 2019

Severe thrombocytopenia with impairment of the activity of platelets and impairment of blood clotting occurs in dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF). Continuation of dual antiplatelet therapy in such patients can result in life-threatening hemorrhages. On the other hand, withholding of antiplatelets in a patient undergone coronary stenting lately can lead to stent thrombosis, resulting in myocardial infarctions and sudden cardiac death. There are no guidelines on management of DHF in patients with coronary stents. Here, we discuss about several divergent factors that need to be considered and balanced when managing such patients. We describe a case as an example to illustrate how we balanced the risk of serious bleeding versus the risk of stent thrombosis successfully according to evolution of the disease process, by temporary withholding of antiplatelets in such a patient.
PIBID Educação Física: experiências na formação de professores
Authors: Matter Paloma Cibele Rivera , Rastelli Giovana , Manchein Luiz Gustavo De Medeiros , Custódio Nicole Gonçalves , Almeida Sérgio Roberto , Farias Gelcemar Oliveira
Published: November 2019

Este estudo objetiva descrever as vivências formativas dos bolsistas de iniciação à docência do curso de licenciatura em Educação Física no período de 2014 a 2018. As fontes de consulta foram relatórios, currículos lattes dos bolsistas do PIBID e o material produzido coletivamente na escola de atuação. A docência compartilhada foi um fator relevante, significativo e singular para a formação dos futuros professores. O envolvimento dos bolsistas culminou na participação em eventos científicos nacionais e internacionais, com a apresentação e publicação dos estudos em anais, além da participação em eventos de extensão. Concomitantemente, produziram na escola murais didáticos com temas relacionados ao contexto esportivo e jornais pedagógicos, mediante ações interdisciplinares.  Conclui-se que as experiências do PIBID onde a escola é protagonista se transforma em conhecimentos favorecendo a construção da identidade docente e a associação entre teoria e prática e contribuiu para qualificar a prática pedagógica no âmbito profissional.
Futebol e migração: a perspectiva dos treinadores brasileiros no exterior
Authors: Nascimento Diego Ramos do , Ribeiro Carlos Henrique de Vasconcellos , Pereira Erik Giuseppe Barbosa
Published: November 2019

O fluxo migratório nos esportes é definido como o movimento entrada/saída de atletas entre países. Causas e consequências são mutáveis e definidas de acordo com características globais. Apesar de sua importância no esporte, os treinadores não possuem o mesmo peso nesse processo. O objetivo desse estudo foi compreender a visão dos treinadores sobre o fluxo migratório no futebol. Trata-se de um estudo observacional de característica qualitativa. Entrevistas semiestruturadas sobre questões inerentes ao fluxo migratório foram realizadas com 2 treinadores brasileiros de experiência internacional. Para análise dos dados nos apoiamos na Análise de Conteúdo proposta por Bardin. Concluímos que a visão dos treinadores sobre o fluxo migratório no futebol brasileiro tem aspectos diferentes dos atletas. As motivações foram o desafio profissional e novas oportunidades. Aspectos socioculturais foram as principais dificuldades. Além disso, uma possível segregação política, falta de resultados expressivos e ausência das licenças específicas fecham portas internacionais para treinadores brasileiros.
Corrida de São João de Braga: qualidade de serviços e intenções de recomendação dos participantes
Authors: Araújo Oliveira Joana Sofia , Bavaresco Gustavo , Carvalho Maria José
Published: November 2019

O objetivo deste estudo passou pela análise da qualidade dos serviços e a consequente intenção de recomendação da corrida de São. João de Braga e da região de Braga, como destino turístico, por parte dos participantes. A amostra foi de 284 participantes, tendo sido usado um instrumento que já foi utilizado noutros estudos desta mesma temática.  Para analisar os dados e verificar a relação existente entre as variáveis foram realizados testes de regressão linear múltipla. Os principais resultados evidenciaram o processo de acreditação e o kit de participação como preditores estatisticamente significativos ao nível das intenções de recomendação da corrida e o processo de acreditação e a paisagem circundante para as intenções de recomendação da região. Posto isto, aquando da avaliação da qualidade dos serviços, destaca-se o processo de acreditação, uma vez que é um preditor comum das intenções de recomendação do evento e da região.
As faces da precariedade do trabalho docente e as estratégias de ação de professores de Educação Física atuantes no ensino superior privado mercantil
Authors: Galve Gerez Alessandra , Bracht Valter
Published: November 2019

O estudo objetivou identificar como tem se configurado a precariedade do trabalho docente no ensino superior privado mercantil e as estratégias de ação adotadas por docentes de cursos de licenciatura em Educação Física para o seu enfrentamento. Foram realizadas entrevistas semi-estruturadas com 12 docentes que atuam em cursos de instituições de ensino superior privadas mercantis. As informações produzidas foram interpretadas à luz dos conceitos de Pierre Bourdieu e de alguns pressupostos da Análise de Discurso. Os resultados indicaram que, além da sobrecarga de disciplinas e de um regime de trabalho predominante horista, obrigando-os a acumularem vários empregos, há perda da autonomia pedagógica devido à imposição de pacotes didáticos e das pressões do ENADE. Foram identificadas estratégias de ação docentes voltadas à adaptação, mas também à resistência.
Study the impact of three Asian industrial regions on PM2.5 in Taiwan and the process analysis during transport
Authors: Chuang Ming-Tung , Ooi Maggie Chel Gee , Lin Neng-Huei , Fu Joshua S. , Lee Chung-Te , Wang Sheng-Hsiang , Yen Ming-Cheng , Kong Steven Soon-Kai , Huang Wei-Syun
Published: November 2019

Abstract. The outflow of East Asian haze (EAH) has gathered much attention in recent years. For downstream areas, it is meaningful to understand the impact of crucial upstream sources and the process analysis during transport. This study evaluated the impact of PM2.5 from the three biggest industrial regions in Asian continent: Bohai Rim industrial region (BRIR), Yangtze River Delta industrial region (YRDIR), and Pearl River Delta industrial region (PRDIR) on Taiwan and discussed the processes during transport with the help of air quality modeling. The simulation results revealed the contributions of monthly average PM2.5 from BRIR and YRDIR were 0.7∼1.1 µg m−3 and 1.2∼1.9 µg m−3 (∼5 % and 7.5 % of total concentration) on Taiwan, respectively in January 2017. When the Asian anticyclone moved from Asian continent to the West Pacific, e.g. on Jan 9th 2017, the contributions from BRIR and YRDIR to northern Taiwan could reach 6∼8 and 9∼12 µg m−3. The transport of EAH from BRIR and YRDIR to low latitude regions was horizontal advection (HADV), vertical advection (ZADV), and vertical diffusion (VDIF) over Bohai Sea and East China Sea. Over Taiwan Strait and northern South China Sea, cloud processes (CLDS) was the major production process of PM2.5 due to high relative humidity environment. Along the transport from high latitude regions to low latitude regions, Aerosol chemistry (AERO) and Dry deposition (DDEP) were the major removal processes. When the EAH intruded northern Taiwan, the major production processes of PM2.5 at northen Taiwan were HADV and AERO. The stronger the EAH was the easier the EAH could influence central and southern Taiwan. Although PRDIR was located at the downstream of Taiwan under northeast wind, the PM2.5 from PRDIR could transport upward above boundary layer and moved eastwards. When the PM2.5 plume moved overhead Taiwan, PM2.5 could transport downward via boundary layer mixing (VDIF) and further enhanced by the passing cold surge. In contrast, for the simulation of July 2017, the influence from three industrial regions was almost negligible unless there was special weather system like thermal lows, which may carried pollutants from PRDIR to Taiwan, but the occurrence was rare.
Predicting wildfire burned area in South Central US using integrated machine learning techniques
Authors: Wang Sing-Chun , Wang Yuxuan
Published: November 2019

Abstract. Occurrences of devastating wildfires have been on the rise in the United States for the past decades. While the environmental controls, including weather, climate, and fuels, are known to play important roles in controlling wildfires, the interrelationships between fires and the environmental controls are highly complex and may not be well represented by traditional parametric regressions. Here we develop a model integrating multiple machine learning algorithms to predict gridded monthly wildfire burned area during 2002–2015 over the South Central United States and identify the relative importance of the environmental drivers on the burned area for both the winter-spring and summer fire seasons of that region. The developed model is able to alleviate the issue of unevenly-distributed burned area data and achieve a cross-validation (CV) R2 value of 0.42 and 0.40 for the two fire seasons. For the total burned area over the study domain, the model can explain 50 % and 79 % of interannual total burned area for the winter-spring and summer fire season, respectively. The prediction model ranks relative humidity (RH) anomalies and preceding months’ drought severity as the top two most important predictors on the gridded burned area for both fire seasons. Sensitivity experiments with the model show that the effect of climate change represented by a group of climate-anomaly variables contributes the most to the burned area for both fire seasons. Antecedent fuel amount and conditions are found to outweigh weather effects for the burned area in the winter-spring fire season, while the current-month fire weather is more important for the summer fire season likely due to the controlling effect of weather on fuel moisture in this season. This developed model allows us to predict gridded burned area and to access specific fire management strategies for different fire mechanisms in the two seasons.
The influence of anomalous atmospheric conditions at Ny-Ålesund on clouds and their radiative effect
Authors: Nomokonova Tatiana , Ebell Kerstin , Löhnert Ulrich , Maturilli Marion , Ritter Christoph
Published: November 2019

Abstract. This study analyses occurrence of events with increased and decreased integrated water vapor (IWV) and atmospheric temperature (T) at the Arctic site Ny-Ålesund and their relation to cloud properties and the surface cloud radiative effect (CRE). For this study, we used almost 2.5 years (from June 2016 to October 2018) of ground-based cloud observations processed with the Cloudnet algorithm, IWV and T from microwave radiometer (MWR), long-term radiosonde observations, and backward trajectories FLEXTRA. Moist and dry anomalies were found to be associated with North Atlantic flows and air circulations in the Arctic region, respectively. The amount of water vapor is often correlated with cloud occurrence, presence of cloud liquid water, liquid and ice water path (LWP and IWP). In turn, changes in the cloud properties cause differences in surface CRE. During dry anomalies, in autumn, winter, and spring, the mean net surface CRE was lower by 2–37 W m−2 with respect to normal conditions, while in summer the cloud related surface cooling was reduced by 49 W m−2. In contrast, under moist conditions in summer the mean net surface CRE becomes more negative by 25 W m−2, while in other seasons the mean net surface CRE was increased by 5–37 W m−2. Trends in occurrence of dry and moist anomalies were analyzed based on 25-year-radiosonde database. Dry anomalies become less frequent with rates for different seasons from −12.8 to −4 % per decade, while the occurrence of moist event increases at rates from 2.8 to 6.4 % per decade. Taking into account the relations between the anomaly types and cloud properties the trends might be related to an increase in cloud occurrence, LWP, and IWP. The change in cloud properties could, in turn, modulate the surface CRE and lead to stronger surface cooling and warming related to clouds in summer and other seasons, respectively.
Storm Tilo over Europe in November 2007: storm surge and impacts on societal and energy infrastructure
Authors: Kettle Anthony James
Published: November 2019

Abstract. Storm Tilo on 8–9 November 2007 ranks among the serious
winter storms in northern Europe over the past 30 years. Its low pressure
centre passed across the northern North Sea, and this led to a cold air
outbreak in northwest Europe. Strong north winds across the North Sea
contributed to a high storm surge that was serious for coastal regions in
eastern England, the Netherlands and Germany. Storm winds and unusually high
waves caused shipping accidents and damage to some offshore energy
infrastructure. This report presents an outline of the met-ocean conditions
and a short overview of storm impacts on societal and energy infrastructure.
The progress of the storm surge around the North Sea is analysed using data
from the national tide gauge networks. A spectral analysis of the water
level data is used to isolate the long period storm surge and short period
oscillations (i.e., <4.8 h) from the tidal signal. The calculated
skew surge is compared with literature reports for this storm and also with
another serious North Sea storm from 31 October–1 November 2006 (Storm
Britta). The short period oscillations are compared with the platform and
shipping incident reports for the 2 d storm period. The results support
previous reports of unusual wave and water level dynamics during some severe
regional winter storms.
Bias correction of long-path CO2 observations in a complex urban environment for carbon cycle model inter-comparison and data assimilation
Authors: Zaccheo T. Scott , Blume Nathan , Pernini Timothy , Dobler Jeremy , Lian Jinghui
Published: November 2019

Abstract. The Greenhouse gas Laser Imaging Tomography Experiment
(GreenLITE™) trace gas measurement system, jointly designed
and developed by Atmospheric and Environmental Research, Inc. and Spectral
Sensor Solutions LLC, provides high-precision, long-path measurements of
atmospheric trace gases including CO2 and CH4 over extended (0.04–25 km2) areas of interest. In 2015, a prototype unit was
deployed in Paris, France, to demonstrate its ability to provide continuous
observations of CO2 concentrations along horizontal air
segments and two-dimensional (2-D) maps of time-varying CO2
concentrations over a complex urban environment. Subsequently, these
data have been adapted to create a physically consistent set of horizontal
segment mean concentrations for (1) comparisons to highly accurate in situ
point measurements obtained for coincident times within the Greater Paris
area, (2) inter-comparisons with results from high spatial and temporal
regional carbon cycle model data, and (3) potential assimilation of these
data to constrain and inform regional carbon cycle modeling frameworks. To
achieve these ends, the GreenLITE™ data are calibrated against
precise in situ point measurements to reconcile constant systematic as well
as slowly varying temporal differences that exist between in situ and
GreenLITE™ measurements to provide unbiased comparisons, and
the potential for long-term co-assimilation of both measurements into
urban-scale emission models. While both the constant systematic biases and
the slowly varying differences may have different impacts on the measurement
accuracy and/or precisions, they are in part due to a number of potential
common terms that include limitation in the instrument design, uncertainties
in spectroscopy and imprecise knowledge of the atmospheric state. This work
provides a brief overview of the system design and the current gas
concentration retrieval and 2-D reconstruction approaches, a description of
the bias-correction approach, the results as applied to data collected in
Paris, France, and an analysis of the inter-comparison between collocated in
situ measurements and GreenLITE™ observations.
Development of a Universal Correction Algorithm for Filter-Based Absorption Photometers
Authors: Li Hanyang , McMeeking Gavin R. , May Andrew A.
Published: November 2019

Abstract. Among the various measurement approaches to quantify light absorption coefficient (Babs), filter-based absorption photometers are dominant in monitoring networks around the globe. Numerous correction algorithms have been introduced to minimize the artifacts due to the presence of the filter in these instruments. However, from our recent studies conducted during the Fire Influence on Regional and Global Environments Experiment (FIREX) laboratory campaign, corrected filter-based Babs remains biased high by roughly a factor of 2.5 when compared to a reference value using a photoacoustic instrument for biomass burning emissions. Similar over-estimations of Babs from filter-based instruments exist when implementing the algorithms on six months of ambient data from the Department of Energy (DOE) Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Southern Great Plains (SGP) user facility from 2013 (factor of roughly 3). In both datasets, we observed an apparent dependency on single scattering albedo (SSA) and absorption Ångström exponent (AAE) in the agreement between Babs based on existing correction factors and the reference Babs. Consequently, we developed a new correction approach that is applicable to any filter-based absorption photometer that includes light transmission from the filter-based instrument as well as the derived AAE and SSA. For the FIREX and SGP datasets, our algorithm results in good agreement between all corrected filter-based Babs values from different filter-based instruments and the reference (slopes ≈ 1 and R2 ≈ 0.98 for biomass burning aerosols and slopes ≈ 1.05 and R2 ≈ 0.65 for ambient aerosols). Moreover, for both the corrected Babs and the derived optical properties (SSA and AAE), our new algorithms work better or at least as well as the two common PSAP-based correction algorithms. The uncertainty of the new correction algorithm is estimated to be ~10 %, considering the measurement uncertainties of the operated instruments. Therefore, our correction algorithm is universally applicable to any filter-based absorption photometer and has the potential to “standardize” reported results across any filter-based instrument.
The influences of historic lake trophy and mixing regime changes on long-term phosphorus fractions retention in sediments of deep, eutrophic lakes: a case study from Lake Burgäschi, Switzerland
Authors: Tu Luyao , Zander Paul , Szidat Sönke , Lloren Ronald , Grosjean Martin
Published: November 2019

Abstract. Hypolimnetic anoxia in eutrophic lakes can delay lake recovery to lower trophic states via the release of sediment phosphorus (P) to surface waters on short time scales. However, the effects of hypolimnetic redox conditions and eutrophication on long-term sediment P-fraction retention are not clear yet. In this study, we investigated the sediment profiles since the early 1900s from Lake Burgäschi, a deep, eutrophic lake on the Swiss Plateau. The changes of sediment P-fraction retention were assessed with respect to lake trophic evolution (sedimentary green-pigments proxy), hypolimnetic oxygenation regime (Fe / Mn ratio proxy), sediment geochemical characteristics, and lake restoration history. Results showed that long-term retention of total P and labile P-fractions in sediments was predominantly affected by autochthonous Fe and Mn preserved in anoxic sediments, which were controlled by past hypolimnetic redox conditions. By contrast, refractory HCl-P (Ca-P) fraction retention largely resulted from authigenic CaCO3-P precipitation and increased with higher eutrophic levels. The retention of total P and labile P fractions was considerably reduced in surface sediments from 1977–2017 when Lake Burgäschi had the highest eutrophic levels and a persistent anoxic hypolimnion. We attributed the phenomenon to reduced sediment P-binding capacity (Mn and Fe oxyhydroxides) under the eutrophication-induced anoxic hypolimnion and decreased water-P concentrations due to hypolimnetic withdrawal. Our study implies that in seasonally stratified deep lakes like Lake Burgäschi, hypolimnetic withdrawal of P-enriched water can effectively reduce P retention in sediments and potentials of sediment-P release (seen from low P availability after 1977). However, the restoration has not improved lake trophic state, similarly to the findings from lake limnological survey.
European anthropogenic AFOLU emissions and their uncertainties: a review and benchmark data
Authors: Petrescu Ana Maria Roxana , Peters Glen P. , Janssens-Maenhout Greet , Ciais Philippe , Tubiello Francesco N. , Grassi Giacomo , Nabuurs Gert-Jan , Leip Adrian , Carmona-Garcia Gema , Winiwarter Wilfried , Höglund-Isaksson Lena , Günther Dirk , Solazzo Efisio , Kiesow Anja , Bastos Ana , Pongratz Julia , Nabel Julia E. M. S. , Conchedda Giulia , Pilli Roberto , Andrew Robbie M. , Schelhaas Mart-Jan , Dolman Han
Published: November 2019

Abstract. Emission of greenhouse gases (GHG) and removals from land, including both anthropogenic and natural fluxes, require reliable quantification, along with estimates of their inherent uncertainties, in order to support credible mitigation action under the Paris Agreement. This study provides a state-of-the-art scientific overview of bottom-up anthropogenic emissions data from agriculture, forestry and other land use (AFOLU) in Europe. The data integrates recent AFOLU emission inventories with ecosystem data and land carbon models, covering the European Union (EU28) and summarizes GHG emissions and removals over the period 1990–2016, of relevance for UNFCCC. This compilation of bottom-up estimates of the AFOLU GHG emissions of European national greenhouse gas inventories (NGHGI) with those of land carbon models and observation-based estimates of large-scale GHG fluxes, aims at improving the overall estimates of the GHG balance in Europe with respect to land GHG emissions and removals. Particular effort is devoted to the estimation of uncertainty, its propagation and role in the comparison of different estimates. While NGHGI data for EU28 provides consistent quantification of uncertainty following the established IPCC guidelines, uncertainty in the estimates produced with other methods will need to account for both within model uncertainty and the spread from different model results. At EU28 level, the largest inconsistencies between estimates are mainly due to different sources of data related to human activity which result in emissions or removals taking place during a given period of time (IPCC 2006) referred here as activity data (AD) and methodologies (Tiers) used for calculating emissions/removals from AFOLU sectors. The referenced datasets related to figures are visualised at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3460311, Petrescu et al., 2019.
Assessing the impacts of hydrologic and land use alterations on water temperature in the Farmington River basin in Connecticut
Authors: Yearsley John R. , Sun Ning , Baptiste Marisa , Nijssen Bart
Published: November 2019

Abstract. Aquatic ecosystems can be significantly altered by the
construction of dams and modification of riparian buffers, and the effects
are often reflected in spatial and temporal changes to water temperature. To
investigate the implications for water temperature of spatially and
temporally varying riparian buffers and dam-induced hydrologic alterations,
we have implemented a modeling system (DHSVM-RBM) within the framework of
the state-space paradigm that couples a spatially distributed land surface
hydrologic model, DHSVM, with the distributed stream temperature model, RBM.
The basic modeling system has been applied previously to several
similar-sized watersheds. However, we have made enhancements to DHSVM-RBM
that simulate spatial heterogeneity and temporal variation (i.e., seasonal
changes in canopy cover) in riparian vegetation, and we included additional
features in DHSVM-RBM that provide the capability for simulating the impacts
of reservoirs that may develop thermal stratification. We have tested the
modeling system in the Farmington River basin in the Connecticut River
system, which includes varying types of watershed development (e.g., deforestation and reservoirs) that can alter the streams' hydrologic regime
and thermal energy budget. We evaluated streamflow and stream temperature
simulations against all available observations distributed along the
Farmington River basin. Results based on metrics recommended for model
evaluation compare well to those obtained in similar studies. We demonstrate
the way in which the model system can provide decision support for watershed
planning by simulating a limited number of scenarios associated with
hydrologic and land use alterations.
Fals Borda: The Making of a “Disorganous” Intellectual
Authors: Pereira Alex
Published: November 2019

This article looks at the experience of the Colombian sociologist Orlando Fals Borda in the 1960s, seeking to explore the most relevant issues that would come to define his intellectual career. The first section covers the period when Fals Borda’s intellectual engagement centered on theories of modernization as well as developmental policies adopted by the government. The second section gives an account of the years in which the sociologist gradually abandoned those approaches and began a new intellectual career guided by an autonomous and politically radical perspective.
Religión, utopía y revolución: Documentos del Movimiento Sacerdotes para el Tercer Mundo, 1968–1973
Authors: Zaros Agustina Adela , Fernández Natalia , Monjeau Catalina , Ruffa Julieta
Published: November 2019

El “Movimiento de Sacerdotes para el Tercer Mundo” (MSTM) se inició en 1967 influenciado por la encíclica Populorum Progressio redactada por el Papa Pablo VI. Dieciocho obispos, de diferentes países del Tercer Mundo, firmaron un documento, conocido luego como “Manifiesto de los 18 Obispos” que interpeló a los sacerdotes argentinos. A partir de allí, surgieron iniciativas que impulsaron la necesidad de una “nueva vida sacerdotal” comprometida con las necesidades del pueblo que tuviera acciones y participación “concreta” en la convulsionada vida política argentina de fines de la década del sesenta. Desde una perspectiva sociológica, nos proponemos como objetivo describir y analizar esa reformulación de la vida sacerdotal en un corpus de documentos oficiales ligados al MSTM. Se analizarán los veintiocho números de la revista Enlace, publicación bimestral editada por el Movimiento, que hizo su aparición en septiembre de 1968 con el objeto de “ser un signo de encuentro y enlace” de los Sacerdotes para el Tercer Mundo y que duró hasta 1973, momento en que el grupo Movimiento dejó de existir.
MULTIVARIATE STATISTICAL ANALYSIS AND USE OF GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN RAW WATER QUALITY ASSESSMENT
Authors: Corrêa Henrique Kosby , Riegel Roberta Plangg , Alves Darlan Daniel , Osório Daniela Montanari Migliavacca , Costa Gustavo Marques da , Hussain Chaudhery Mustansar , Quevedo Daniela Müller de
Published: November 2019

This study aimed to apply a methodology for evaluating raw water qualityand its relationship with land uses and occupations through multivariatestatistical analysis and Geographic Information System. Hydrogenic potential,water temperature, dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand,chemical oxygen demand, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and E. coli weremonitored from August 2012 until March 2013. The geoprocessing toolenabled delimiting the contribution areas of each sampling site, as well asthe individual identification of land use of each area. Principal ComponentAnalysis resulted in: domestic sewage, domestic sewage/agriculture, andindustrial discharge. Significant correlations were identified between thevariable urban area and hydrogenionic potential (ρ = 0.446; p = 0.049),dissolved oxygen (ρ = -0.625; p = 0.003), total nitrogen (ρ = 0.649; p = 0.002),and E. coli (ρ = 0.932; p < 0.001). The methodology enabled to identify thecontribution of land use factors as to water quality.
MÉTODO PARA ESTABELECIMENTO DE VALORES DE REFERÊNCIA DE QUALIDADE E CLASSES DE USO DA ÁGUA SUPERFICIAL EM MICROBACIAS NO ESTADO DE SANTA CATARINA, BRASIL
Authors: Pacheco Bruna Stedile Ribeiro , Deschamps Francisco Carlos
Published: November 2019

O conhecimento sobre a qualidade da água por meio da determinaçãode seus descritores é fundamental para o estabelecimento de políticas degestão dos recursos hídricos. Neste trabalho, sugere-se um método simplese prático para determinar valores associados aos descritores de qualidadeda água. Foram utilizados resultados acumulados ao longo de dez anos demonitoramento da qualidade da água superficial em microbacias do estadode Santa Catarina. Considerando as cinco classes de uso já estabelecidas nalegislação federal (Resolução do Conselho Nacional do Meio Ambiente –CONAMA nº 357/2005), foram determinados os limites para cada classetendo por base a distribuição dos valores dos parâmetros em estudo.A mediana foi utilizada para estabelecer os valores de referência de qualidadee o percentil 60 como limite máximo para considerar o valor do descritorcomo aceitável. O método apresentado é de fácil aplicação e os valorescalculados, comparados à legislação vigente, são mais restritivos, sugerindoboa qualidade da água.
Situación actual de cosecha y post cosecha de café en las Segovias Nicaragua
Authors: Dicovskiy Riobóo Luis María
Published: November 2019

Con el objetivo de caracterizar como se realiza la cosecha y poscosecha de café en las Segovias se hicieron 268 encuestas y muestras de catación a pequeños y medianos productores de café de las Segovias organizados en cooperativas. Se concluye que en la familia de los productores hay problemas de escolaridad lo que es una limitante para el desarrollo de sus sistemas de producción. La variedad de café Caturra es la predominante, y el café producido es de tipo especial. Todos cosechan a mano y fermentan el café. La mayoría de los productores tienen beneficios húmedos en su finca en un estado regular a malo. No se encontró efecto por altura de la finca, tipo de beneficio y horas de fermentación sobre la calidad de la taza de café. En general hay problemas con el manejo de los residuos del café y casi no se da uso al agua del despulpado, ni a las aguas mieles, sin embargo en general se usa la pulpa de café como abono.
Inmigración y colonización en Honduras durante la Reforma Liberal, 1876-1891
Authors: Castillo Canelas Patricia Elizabeth
Published: November 2019

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo dar a conocer como en su intento por desarrollar al país, diferentes gobiernos, especialmente durante el periodo comprendido entre 1876 y 1891, lo entregaron al capital extranjero. Las concesiones y contratas fueron el medio práctico más conveniente para intentar insertar al país en la economía mundial. Como resultado de las diferentes políticas migratorias y de colonización desarrolladas por el gobierno hondureño durante el periodo conocido como Reforma Liberal, en su afán de buscar, alentar y favorecer al capital extranjero, el gobierno quedó sometido a su voluntad. Y que a pesar de esa política concesionaria ofrecida a aquellos “agentes promotores” para poblar el basto y despoblado territorio hondureño, los resultados fueron escasos, casi nulos. Metodológicamente se hizo un análisis a las fuentes primarias consultadas como ser las gacetas del gobierno y las memorias de la Secretaría de Estado en los Despachos de Gobernación, Justicia y Fomento, así como una revisión bibliográfica (en publicaciones extranjeras y nacionales), este proceso permitió identificar cómo, los recursos nacionales fueron ofrecidos al mejor postor.
Haití: la “invasión” a República Dominicana
Authors: Bidegain Greising Gabriel
Published: November 2019

El artículo examina el volumen de migrantes, así como la distribución espacial de los haitianos en República Dominicana, con el objetivo de desmitificar el volumen de estos. En República Dominicana (RD) y en el exterior han proliferado estimaciones de varios millones de haitianos que viven en el RD y que han “invadido” dicho país. Utilizando datos de censos de población, así como encuestas recientes de República Dominicana permite desmitificar el volumen de haitianos y la supuesta “invasión”.

Se demuestra que las cifras avanzadas no tienen una base científica. El artículo se centra en el principal país de destino (República Dominicana) de los haitianos nacidos en Haití y sus descendientes. Otro país importante para los migrantes haitianos es los Estados Unidos de América. El principal hallazgo es que las cifras de los diferentes instrumentos estadísticos de la República Dominicana permiten desmitificar el volumen de los migrantes haitianos residiendo en dicho país.
Lawnmower Injuries in Children: A National 13-Year Study of Urban Versus Rural Injuries
Authors: Shah Ronit , Talwar Divya , Schwend Richard M. , Sponseller Paul , Aoyama Julien T. ,   POSNA Evidence-Based Practice Committee, Ganley Theodore J.
Published: November 2019

Introduction:

Although the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgery, American Academy of Pediatrics, and Pediatric Orthopedic Society of North America have established lawnmower safety guidelines, a notable number of injuries continue to occur. We sought to elaborate on the epidemiology of lawnmower injuries in the pediatric age group and compare urban versus rural injuries.

Methods:

The Pediatric Health Information System database was queried for patients of 1 to 18 years of age from 2005 to 2017 who presented with a lawnmower injury. Results were computed using bivariate tests and multinomial regressions.

Results:

A total of 1,302 lawnmower injuries were identified (mean age 7.7 ± 5.1 years, range 1 to 18 years; 78.9% males). Incidence rates by region, adjusted for regional case volume, were 2.16 injuries per 100,000 cases in the South, 2.70 injuries per 100,000 cases in the Midwest, 1.34 injuries per 100,000 cases in the Northeast, and 0.56 injuries per 100,000 cases in the Western United States. After stratifying and adjusting for total case volume by locale (urban/rural), it was found that urban areas had an incidence rate of 1.47 injuries per 100,000 cases, whereas rural areas had a rate of 7.26 injuries per 100,000 cases. Rural areas had higher rates of infection and higher percentages of patients requiring inpatient stay. The surgical complication rate in rural areas was 5.5% as compared to 2.6% in urban areas. Based on urban/rural status, a significant difference was observed with the age group, length of stay, income, surgical complication, and presence of infection at the bivariate level with P < 0.05. Rural areas had an overall amputation rate of 15.5% compared with 9.6% in urban areas, with rural patients being 1.7 times more likely to undergo an amputation (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

The findings of this study show that numerous geographic and locale disparities exist in pediatric lawnmower injuries and reveal the need for improved safety awareness, especially in at-risk rural populations.
Which Patients Require Unexpected Admission to Postacute Care Facilities After Total Hip Arthroplasty?
Authors: Tan Timothy L. , Rondon Alexander J. , Greenky Max R. , Shohat Noam , Goswami Karan , Purtill James J.
Published: November 2019

Background:

Many surgeons prefer to discharge patients home due to patient preferences, improved outcomes, and decreased costs. Despite an institutional protocol to send total hip arthroplasty (THA) patients home, some patients still required postacute care (PAC) facilities. This study aimed to create two predictive models based on preoperative and postoperative risk factors to identify which patients require PAC facilities.

Methods:

A retrospective review of 2,372 patients undergoing primary unilateral THA at a single institution from 2012 to 2017 was done. An electronic query followed by manual review identified discharge disposition, demographic factors, comorbidities, and other patient factors. Of the 2,372 patients, 6.2% were discharged to skilled nursing facilities or inpatient rehabilitation facilities and 93.8% discharged home. Univariate and multivariate analysis were conducted to create two predictive models for patient discharge: preoperative visit and postoperative hospital course.

Results:

Of 45 variables evaluated, 7 were found to be notable predictors for PAC facility discharge. In descending order, these included age 65 years or greater, non-Caucasian race, history of depression, female sex, and greater comorbidities. In addition to preoperative factors, in-hospital complications and surgical duration of 90 minutes or greater led to a higher likelihood of PAC facility discharge. Both models had excellent predictive assessments with area under curve values of 0.77 and 0.80 for the preoperative visit and postoperative models, respectively.

Discussion:

This study identifies both preoperative and postoperative risk factors that predispose patients to nonroutine discharges after THA. Orthopaedic surgeons may use these models to better predict which patients are predisposed to discharge to PAC facilities.
A Promising Physical Pest-Control System Demonstrated in a Greenhouse Equipped With Simple Electrostatic Devices That Excluded All Insect Pests: A Review
Authors: Takikawa Yoshihiro , Kakutani Koji , Matsuda Yoshinori , Nonomura Teruo , Kusakari Shin-ichi , Toyoda Hideyoshi
Published: November 2019

Applied electrostatic engineering can be used to construct greenhouses that prevent entry of insect pests. Two types of electric field screen were used to exclude pests from the greenhouse: single- and double-charged dipolar electric field screens (S- and D-screen, respectively). The S-screen consisted of iron insulated conductor wires (ICWs) arrayed in parallel (ICW-layer), a grounded metal net on either side of the ICW-layer, and a direct current voltage generator. S-screens were attached to the side windows of the greenhouse to repel whiteflies (Bemisia tabaci) that approached the nets. The D-screen was installed in a small anteroom at the greenhouse entrance to capture whiteflies entering through it. The ICW-layers of the D-screen were oppositely charged with equal voltages and arrayed alternately, and an insulator board or grounded metal net was placed on one side of the ICW-layer. The ICW-layers captured whiteflies entering the electric field of the double-charged dipolar electric field. Three screens equipped with yellow or gray boards or a grounded metal net were installed in the anteroom based on the airflow inside the room, as most whiteflies were brought in by air when the door was opened. Two D-screens with boards were useful for directing the airflow toward the wall with the netted D-screen. This screen eliminated the insects and the pest-free air was circulated inside the greenhouse. The D-screen with the yellow board attracted the whiteflies and was effective for trapping them when there was no wind. Our method kept the greenhouse pest-free throughout the entire period of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) cultivation.
Can the Nitrogen and Silicon Increase the Productivity and Yield in Rice Crops in the Rainfed Environment?
Authors: Biesdorf Evandro Marcos , Jardim Alexandre Maniçoba da Rosa Ferraz , Biesdorf Elivelton Maciel , Barros Angélica Fátima de , Araújo Charles de , Pimentel Leonardo Duarte
Published: November 2019

There is much doubt as to whether, in fact, the combination of nitrogen and silicate fertilization can increase yield and post-harvest yield in rainfed rice. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of silicate and nitrogen fertilization on the development, quality, yield and post-harvest yield of rice cultivated in the rainfed environment. A field experiment was carried out in the 2014/2015 harvest in a 4 × 4 randomized block design with four replications. The first factor corresponded to the nitrogen doses (0; 50; 100 and 200 kg ha-1 of N), in the form of urea, and the second factor at silicon doses (0; 7.5; 15 and 30 kg ha-1 Si), in the form of calcium silicate. Si affected the chlorophyll content at 45 days after sowing (DAS) suggesting being important in floral differentiation. The increase in N doses caused higher levels of chlorophyll in rice leaves at 55, 65 and 85 DAS, regardless of whether they supplied Si. Plant height, number of tillers, weight of one thousand seeds, total grain yield and of whole grains were not influenced by the Si supply. However, Si doses reduced the yield of broken grains, thus reducing postharvest losses and, consequently, improving grain quality in the beneficiation process.
Establishment of Sufficiency Ranges to Determine the Nutritional Status of ‘Gigante’ Forage Cactus Pear—Micronutrients
Authors: Alves Jean F. T. , Donato Sérgio L. R. , Donato Paulo E. R. , Silva João Abel da , Guimarães Bruno V. C.
Published: November 2019

Micronutrient sufficiency ranges are of great importance in crop nutritional diagnosing for improved fertilizer recommendations under field conditions. The objective of this paper was establishing the micronutrients ranges in the cladodes for the evaluation of the nutritional status of ‘Gigante’ forage cactus pear. Micronutrients contents in cladodes and dry matter yield of 72 plots were used. The experiment was composed of four cattle manure rates (0, 30, 60, and 90 Mg ha-1 year-1), three spacings (l.00 × 0.50, 2.00 × 0.25, and 3.00 × 1.00 × 0.25 m), and two production cycles, in a 4 × 3 × 2 factorial plan, designed in randomized blocks, with three replicates. Sufficiency ranges of plots with dry matter ≥ 19.93 Mg ha-1 cycle-1 were determined as well as the mathematical chance for plots with dry matter ≥ 23.75 Mg ha-1 cycle-1 and the critical level. The sufficiency range, critical level and mathematical chance are, respectively, for each micronutrient, in mg kg-1: B, 22.3-32.7; 23.7; 20.36-27.94; Cu, 2.0-3.7; 1.6; 1.8-2.8; Fe, 61.1-126.6; 62.0; 35.8-85.3; Mn, 260.0-507.7; 111.0; 54.8-252.2; Zn, 34.5-57.8; 30.3; 19.7-48.5; and, Na, 29.8-56.2; 19.4; 26.6-42.7. For B, Zn, and Na, the sufficiency range, mathematical chance, and the critical level are adequate; for Cu, Fe, and Mn, the critical level and mathematical chance are more adequate for nutritional evaluation of `Gigante` forage cactus pear, associated with dry matter yield ranging from 21.8 to 31.2 Mg ha-1 cycle-1.
Greenbelly Stinkbug Biology in Different Temperatures
Authors: Oliveira Luciano Mendes de , Hoshino Adriano Thibes , Menezes Jr Ayres de Oliveira , Caviglione João Herinque , Bianco Rodolfo , Androcioli Humberto Godoy
Published: November 2019

The green-belly stinkbug (Dichelops melacanthus) stands out due to its damage potential towards corn and wheat crops. The population distribution and size greatly influence the potential damage. The insect’s reproductive capacity depends on different temperature conditions during various crop seasons and its lifecycle. The study aimed to evaluate the influence of different constant temperatures on the D. melacanthus biology. The study was performed twice, once in the year of 2017, and again in 2019. The biological features were observed in temperature-controlled climate chambers with the following temperatures: 11, 16, 21, 26, 31 and 36 °C, each with a fluctuation of ±1 °C, using a RH of 65±15% and photophase of 14 h. The evaluations were conducted from eggs to adults in terms of: nymphal hatch period, each instar duration, female fecundity and egg viability. There were no eggs hatching at 11 ºC and it also reached 100% mortality during the second instar at 16 °C. The eggs-to-adult duration for the temperatures 21, 26, 31 and 36 °C in the trial of 2017 was 58.4, 30.1, 18.2 and 16.3 days, respectively. In the same temperatures, but during the 2019 trial, the eggs to adult duration was 58.1; 29.7; 21.3 and 19.1 days, respectively. The reproductive capacity in the temperatures of 21 and 36 °C impaired the female fecundity and egg viability. The temperatures 26 and 31 °C favored the development of D. melacanthus.