bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Isothiocoumarin Derivatives.
Authors: Pokhodylo N. T. , Matiychuk V. S. , Obushak M. D.
Published: October 2010

A convenient method for the synthesis of substituted isothiocoumarins from 2‐benzofuranone (I) is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Four Component Synthesis of 4,6‐Disubstituted 3‐Cyano‐2‐pyridones in Polyethylene Glycol.
Authors: Nalage Santosh V. , Nikum Ajay P. , Kalyankar Mohan B. , Patil Vijay S. , Patil Umesh D. , Desale Kamlesh R. , Patil Shamkant L. , Bhosale Sidhanath V.
Published: October 2010

The reaction in polyethylene glycol in the absence of any catalyst is a novel and eco‐friendly method for the synthesis of pyridones.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile and Efficient Aromatization of 1,4‐Dihydropyridines with M(NO3)2·XH2O, TNCB, TBAP and HMTAI and Preparation of Deuterium Labeled Dehydronifedipine from Nifedipine‐d3.
Authors: Shaikh Ajam C. , Chen Chinpiao
Published: October 2010

Metal nitrates, tetrabutyl ammonium periodate (TBAP), and hexamethylenetetramine‐iodine (HMTAI) are valuable oxidants for the oxidation of Hantzsch′s 1,4‐dihydropyridines (I) without the need of external activation such as microwave or ultrasound.
ChemInform Abstract: New Quinoline Derivatives: Synthesis and Investigation of Antibacterial and Antituberculosis Properties.
Authors: Eswaran Sumesh , Adhikari Airody Vasudeva , Chowdhury Imran H. , Pal Nishith K. , Thomas K. D.
Published: October 2010

The new quinoline derivatives, wherein active pharmacophores, viz.
ChemInform Abstract: Three‐Component Synthesis of 1‐Substituted 6′,7′‐Dimethoxy‐4′H‐spiro[adamantane‐2,3′‐isoquinolines].
Authors: Rozhkova Yu. S. , Gorbunov A. A. , Shklyaev Yu. V.
Published: October 2010

Title compounds (IV) and (VI) are formed by Ritter‐type reaction between 2‐epoxymethyleneadamantane (I), 1,2‐dimethoxybenzene as activated arene, and nitriles (III) or (V).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Polyhalo Acridones as pH‐Sensitive Fluorescence Probes.
Authors: Huang Chao , Yan Sheng‐Jiao , Li Yan‐Mei , Huang Rong , Lin Jun
Published: October 2010

Chemical synthesis and pH‐dependent fluorescence properties of novel acridones (IV) are described.
ChemInform Abstract: Reaction of 3,4‐Dihydro‐β‐carbolines with 4‐Fluorophenyl‐nitrile Oxide.
Authors: Milen Matyas , Abranyi‐Balogh Peter , Dancso Andras , Simig Gyula , Keglevich Gyoergy
Published: October 2010

The reaction of carbolines (I) with the nitrile oxide generated from (II) affords novel adducts (III) in high yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Advancing the Morita—Baylis—Hillman Chemistry of 1‐Formyl‐β‐carbolines for the Synthesis of Indolizino‐indole Derivatives.
Authors: Singh Virender , Hutait Samiran , Batra Sanjay
Published: October 2010

The utility of the Morita—Baylis—Hillman reaction of N‐substituted 1‐formyl‐β‐carbolines for the synthesis of indolizino‐indole derivatives mimicking harmicine and homofascaplysin frameworks is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of Tetrazolo[1,5‐a]quinoline‐4‐carbonitrile Derivatives.
Authors: Kategaonkar Amol H. , Labade Vilas B. , Shinde Pravin V. , Kategaonkar Atul H. , Shingate Bapurao B. , Shingare Murlidhar S.
Published: October 2010

All compounds (III) demonstrate potent inhibition against all the strains tested.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 2‐(Pyrimidin‐2‐yl)‐1‐phenyl‐2,3,4,9‐tetrahydro‐1H‐β‐carbolines as Antileishmanial Agents.
Authors: Kumar Ravi , Khan Shahnawaz , Verma Aditya , Srivastava Saumya , Viswakarma Preeti , Gupta Suman , Meena Sanjeev , Singh Neetu , Sarkar Jayanta , Chauhan Prem M. S.
Published: October 2010

The synthetic pathway to β‐carbolines (V) and (VII) involves oxidation of educt (I) to its sulfone followed by nucleophilic substitution of the formed mesyl group with tryptamine (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and in vitro Antitumor Activity of Selected 7‐Fluoro‐6‐(4‐methyl‐1‐piperazinyl)‐2‐(thiosubstituted)‐4 (3H)‐quinazolinones.
Authors: Abdel‐Jalil Raid J. , Al‐Momani Ehab , Tahtamooni Lubna , Machulla H.‐Juergen , Voelter Wolfgang
Published: October 2010

The title compound (Va) is tested against 60 different human tumor cell lines.
ChemInform Abstract: New Pyrazolo[1,5a]pyridimines as Orally Active Inhibitors of Lck.
Authors: Gommermann Nina , Buehlmayer Peter , von Matt Anette , Breitenstein Werner , Masuya Keiichi , Pirard Bernard , Furet Pascal , Cowan‐Jacob Sandra W. , Weckbecker Gisbert
Published: October 2010

Reaction of acid chlorides (VI) or chloroformates (VIII) with key intermediate (V) affords a new series of pyrazolopyrimidines.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel 6,8‐Dibromo‐4(3H)quinazolinone Derivatives of Antibacterial and Antifungal Activities.
Authors: Mohamed Mosaad S. , Kamel Mohsen M. , Kassem Emad M. M. , Abotaleb Nageh , El‐moez Sherein I. Abd , Ahmed Marwa F.
Published: October 2010

Starting from the hydrazole (I) a new series of Schiff bases (III) and their cyclized products, thiazolidinones (V), pyrazoles, e.g. (X), oxadiazole, pyrroles, and other related products are synthesized.
ChemInform Abstract: N‐Iodosaccharin (NISac): A New Reusable Catalyst for Formal [2 + 4] Cycloaddition of Imines and Enones.
Authors: Rai Ankita , Yadav Lal Dhar S.
Published: October 2010

NSA acts as an efficient promotor to give the pharmaceutically important oxazine derivatives (16 examples) with complete diastereoselectively.
ChemInform Abstract: anti‐Neuroinflammatory Activity of 1,5‐Benzodiazepine Derivatives.
Authors: Ha Sang Keun , Shobha Donthabhaktuni , Moon Eunjung , Chari Murugulla A. , Mukkanti Kagga , Kim Sung‐Hoon , Ahn Kwang‐Hyun , Kim Sun Yeou
Published: October 2010

A series of 10 title compounds of type (III) is prepared.
ChemInform Abstract: Rhodium‐Catalyzed Dehydroborylation of Styrenes with Naphthalene‐1,8‐diaminatoborane [(dan)BH]: New Synthesis of Masked β‐Borylstyrenes as New Phenylene—Vinylene Cross‐Coupling Modules.
Authors: Iwadate Noriyuki , Suginome Michinori
Published: October 2010

Styrenes (I) undergo dehydroborylation with title compound (II) in the presence of a Rh‐complex, to give β‐borylstyrenes (III) in good yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Direct Functionalization of BODIPY Dyes by Oxidative Nucleophilic Hydrogen Substitution at the 3‐ or 3,5‐Positions.
Authors: Leen Volker , Zaragozi Gonzalvo Veronica , Deborggraeve Wim M. , Boens Noel , Dehaen Wim
Published: October 2010

The reaction of boron dipyrromethene (I) with amines (II) in the presence of oxygen leads to 3‐substituted BODIPY derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: 8‐PropargylaminoBODIPY: Unprecedented Blue‐Emitting Pyrromethene Dye. Synthesis, Photophysics and Laser Properties.
Authors: Gomez‐Duran C. F. Azael , Garcia‐Moreno Immaculada , Costela Angel , Martin Virginia , Sastre Roberto , Banuelos Jorge , Lopez Arbeloa Fernando , Lopez Arbeloa Inigo , Pena‐Cabrera Eduardo
Published: October 2010

The title compound (III) is the first highly efficient BODIPY laser dye with emission in the blue spectral region of the visible spectrum.
ChemInform Abstract: Metal‐Free Catalytic Boration at the β‐Position of α,β‐Unsaturated Compounds: A Challenging Asymmetric Induction.
Authors: Bonet Amadeu , Gulyas Henrik , Fernandez Elena
Published: October 2010

A metal free method for the synthesis of β‐borated carbonyl compounds by reacting B2pin2 with either α,β‐unsaturated esters or ketones in the presence of chiral phosphine catalysts is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Testing the Functional Tolerance of the Piers—Rubinsztajn Reaction: A New Strategy for Functional Silicones.
Authors: Grande John B. , Thompson David B. , Gonzaga Ferdinand , Brook Michael A.
Published: October 2010

Tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane is a good catalyst for the preparation of functionalized siloxanes such as (III) and (VI) by Piers—Rubinsztajn reaction of alkoxysilanes with hydrosilanes.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Cytotoxic Ferrocenyl Flavones via a Ferricenium‐Mediated 1,6‐Oxidative Cyclization.
Authors: Monserrat Jean‐Philippe , Chabot Guy G. , Hamon Louis , Quentin Lionel , Scherman Daniel , Jaouen Gerard , Hillard Elizabeth A.
Published: October 2010

The oxidation of the ferrocenyl group of 2′‐hydroxyferrocenyl chalcones (II) activates the β‐position of the unsaturated ketone to nucleophilic attack to yield the first examples of ferrocenyl flavones (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Total Synthesis of Furanether B. Construction of a Hydroazulene Skeleton via a Novel [5 + 2] Cycloaddition Reaction of Silyloxyallene.
Authors: Mitachi Katsuhiko , Yamamoto Takashi , Kondo Fumikatsu , Shimizu Tadashi , Miyashita Masaaki , Tanino Keiji
Published: October 2010

A new synthetic method for cycloheptanone derivatives is developed on the basis of a novel [5 + 2] cycloaddition reaction using a dicobalt hexacarbonyl propargyl cation species and a silyloxyallene (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Syntheses and Antibacterial Activities of Diterpene Catechol Derivatives with Abietane, Totarane and Podocarpane Skeletons Against Methicillin‐Resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Propionibacterium acnes.
Authors: Tada Masahiro , Kurabe Jun , Yoshida Takashi , Ohkanda Tomoyuki , Matsumoto Yusuke
Published: October 2010

Abietaquinone methide (I) and totaratrienediol (II) show potent activities against MRSA and P.
ChemInform Abstract: Cytosporolides A—C, Antimicrobial Meroterpenoids with a Unique Peroxylactone Skeleton from Cytospora sp.
Authors: Li Yan , Niu Subin , Sun Bingda , Liu Shuchun , Liu Xingzhong , Che Yongsheng
Published: October 2010

For all three components, significant antimicrobial activity is observed against the Gram‐positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of the Azetidinyl‐Thiazoline Fragment of Vioprolides A and C.
Authors: Chopin Nathalie , Couty Francois , Evano Gwilherm
Published: October 2010

Key steps of the synthetic approach include formation of the four‐membered ring by intramolecular alkylation of suitable protected precursor(III) followed by ring closure with L‐cysteine (V) affording the title thiazoline fragment (VI).
ChemInform Abstract: A Reasonably Stereospecific Multistep Conversion of Boc‐Protected α‐Amino Acids to Phth‐Protected β3‐Amino Acids.
Authors: Temperini Andrea , Capperucci Antonella , Degl'Innocenti Alessandro , Terlizzi Raffaella , Tiecco Marcello
Published: October 2010

A five‐step one‐pot procedure is presented to convert N‐Boc protected amino acids to N‐phthaloyl propargylic amines.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Sugar‐Fused Isoxazoline N‐Oxides from 2‐Nitroglycals.
Authors: Zhang Qingju , Sun Jiansong , Zhang Fuyi , Yu Biao
Published: October 2010

A new type of sugar‐fused isoxazoline N‐oxides (III) is synthesized from 2‐nitroglycals by [4+2] condensation.
ChemInform Abstract: N‐Bromosuccinimide‐Mediated Conversion of Allyl Glycosides to Glycosyl Hemiacetals.
Authors: Panchadhayee Rajib , Misra Anup Kumar
Published: October 2010

The hydrolysis of differentially functionalized allyl glycosides to their corresponding glycosyl hemiacetal derivatives under mild and metal‐free conditions proceeds exceptionally fast and is compatible with most of the functional groups used in oligosaccharide synthesis.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Asymmetric Organocatalytic Formation of Erythrose and Threose under Aqueous Conditions.
Authors: Burroughs Laurence , Vale Matthew E. , Gilks James A. R. , Forintos Henrietta , Hayes Christopher J. , Clarke Paul A.
Published: October 2010

Ethyl ester of N‐methyl‐L‐leucine is applied as a chiral catalyst for the aldol dimerization of aldehyde (I).
ChemInform Abstract: Syntheses and Biological Evaluation of Ring‐C Modified Colchicine Analogues.
Authors: Yang Baiyuan , Zhu Zhiqing C. , Goodson Holly V. , Miller Marvin J.
Published: October 2010

Diels—Alder reactions of colchicine (I) with iminonitroso agents (II) afford the ring‐C modified alkaloids (III) and (IV) as regioisomeric adducts.
ChemInform Abstract: A 1,3‐Strain Enabled Retention of Chirality During Bis‐Cyclization of β‐Ketoamides: Total Synthesis of (‐)‐Salinosporamide A and (‐)‐Homosalinosporamide A.
Authors: Nguyen Henry , Ma Gil , Romo Daniel
Published: October 2010

(‐)‐Salinosporamide A (IVa) and (‐)‐homosalinosporamide A (IVb) are prepared via a diastereoselective bis‐cyclization of β‐keto tertiary amide of type (II) as key step.
ChemInform Abstract: Three New Oligostilbenes from the Seeds of Paeonia suffruticosa.
Authors: He Chun‐Nian , Peng Yong , Xu Li‐Jia , Liu Zheng‐An , Gu Jing , Zhong Ai‐Guo , Xiao Pei‐Gen
Published: October 2010

isolation and extensive structural elucidation of trans‐suffruticosol D (II), cis‐suffruticosol D (Ia), and cis‐gnetin H (Ib)
ChemInform Abstract: Flavonoids from the Aerial Parts of Diplomorpha canescens
Authors: Devkota Hari Prasad , Watanabe Masato , Watanabe Takashi , Yahara Shoji
Published: October 2010

isolation and structure of two new C‐methyl flavonoids (I)
ChemInform Abstract: First Stereoselective Total Synthesis of Decarestrictine O (IVb) via RCM Protocol.
Authors: Krishna Palakodety Radha , Rao T. Jagannadha
Published: October 2010

Synthons (I) (prepared from 1,3‐propanediol) and (II) (obtained from propylene oxide) are used for the construction of cyclization precursor (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Synthesis of erythro‐8‐O‐4′‐Neolignan Machilin C.
Authors: Xia Yamu , Chang Liang , Ding Yining , Jiao Bin
Published: October 2010

A new asymmetric route to machilin C (VI) from vanillin is developed involving a Sharpless asymmetric dihydrogenation and a Mitsunobu reaction as key steps.
ChemInform Abstract: A Short and Efficient Total Synthesis of (.+‐.)‐Ascofuranone.
Authors: Haga Yasushi , Tonoi Takayuki , Anbiru Yoshihide , Takahashi Yuki , Tamura Sayuri , Yamamoto Masaichi , Ifuku Shinsuke , Morimoto Minoru , Saimoto Hiroyuki
Published: October 2010

Ascofuranone (V), a potent inhibitor of trypanosome alternative oxidase, is synthesized in seven steps starting from geranyl acetate.
ChemInform Abstract: Click Chemistry to Probe Hsp90: Synthesis and Evaluation of a Series of Triazole‐Containing Novobiocin Analogues.
Authors: Peterson Laura B. , Blagg Brian S. J.
Published: October 2010

A series of triazole‐containing novobiocin analogues of type (X) are prepared.
ChemInform Abstract: New Antiinflammatory 4‐Hydroxyisoflavans from Solanum lyratum
Authors: Zhang De‐Wu , Li Gui‐Hai , Yu Qun‐Ying , Dai Sheng‐Jun
Published: October 2010

isolation, structure elucidation and antiinflammatory activities of lyratins A—C (I)
ChemInform Abstract: Nanostructured Thermoelectrics: Big Efficiency Gains from Small Features
Authors: Vineis Christopher J. , Shakouri Ali , Majumdar Arun , Kanatzidis Mercouri G.
Published: October 2010

Review: 95 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Wet‐Chemistry Routes to Ultrafine Magnetic Particles
Authors: Caruntu Daniela , Caruntu Gabriel , O'Connor Charles J.
Published: October 2010

Review: 214 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Characterization of Borate Based and AgGaS2 Materials
Authors: Dhanasekaran R.
Published: October 2010

Review: 12 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Wet‐Etching of Precipitation‐Based Thin Film Microstructures for Micro‐Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
Authors: Rupp Jennifer L. M. , Muecke Ulrich P. , Nalam Prathima C. , Gauckler Ludwig J.
Published: October 2010

Review: 45 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Perspectives on Electrochemical Insertion of Lithium in Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Sgobba Vito , Guldi Dirk M.
Published: October 2010

Review: 13 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Metal—Oxicam Coordination Compounds: Structure, Biological Activity and Strategies for Administration
Authors: Tamasi Gabriella
Published: October 2010

Review: 36 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Quantum‐Sized, Thiolate‐Protected Gold Nanoclusters
Authors: Jin Rongchao
Published: October 2010

Review: 198 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Ionic Liquids as Substrate‐Specific Recoverable Solvents and Catalysts of Regio‐, Stereo‐ and Enantioselective Organic Reactions
Authors: Zlotin Sergei G. , Makhova Nina N.
Published: October 2010

Review: 128 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: 3′,5′‐Cyclic Diguanylic Acid: A Small Nucleotide that Makes Big Impacts
Authors: Yan Hongbin , Chen Wangxue
Published: October 2010

Review: [68 refs.]
ChemInform Abstract: Delivery of Oligonucleotides and Analogues: The Oligonucleotide Conjugate‐Based Approach
Authors: Marlin Fanny , Simon Philippe , Saison‐Behmoaras Tula , Giovannangeli Carine
Published: October 2010

Review: 63 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel Liquid‐Phase Strategy for Organic Synthesis Using Organic Ions as Soluble Supports
Authors: Huo Congde , Chan Tak Hang
Published: October 2010

Review: 136 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Biocatalytic Production of Coenzyme A Analogues
Authors: Srauss Erick , de Villiers Marianne , Rootman Ilse
Published: October 2010

Review: 47 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemoselective Olefin Metathesis Transformations Mediated by Ruthenium Complexes
Authors: Nolan Steven P. , Clavier Herve
Published: October 2010

Review: 72 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: A Therapeutic Target for Endothelium‐Derived Hyperpolarizing Factor Signaling in Diabetic Vascular Complication
Authors: Matsumoto Takayuki
Published: October 2010

Review: 22 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthetic Methods for the Generation and Preparative Application of Benzyne
Authors: Kitamura Tsugio
Published: October 2010

Review: ca. 100 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Palladium‐Catalyzed Direct Alkylation and Olefination Reaction of Simple Arenes
Authors: Peng Hong Mei , Dai Li‐Xin , You Shu‐Li
Published: October 2010

Review: 25 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Fullerene Derivatives that Bear Aliphatic Chains as Unusual Surfactants: Hierarchical Self‐Organization, Diverse Morphologies, and Functions
Authors: Asanuma Hidehiko , Li Hongguang , Nakanishi Takashi , Moehwald Helmuth
Published: October 2010

Review: 78 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Applied Biotransformations in Green Solvents
Authors: Hernaiz Maria J. , Alcantara Andres R. , Garcia Jose I. , Sinisterra Jose V.
Published: October 2010

Review: ca. 170 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Alternative Synthetic Strategies for Enantioselective Construction of Halogenated Chiral Carbon Centers
Authors: Shibatomi Kazutaka
Published: October 2010

Review: ca. 120 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Trifluoromethylation of Organic Molecules — What′s New?
Authors: Harschneck Tobias , Kirsch Stefan F.
Published: October 2010

Review: 23 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Fundamental Principles of NMR Crystallography
Authors: Taulelle Francis
Published: October 2010

Review: 34 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: The Growing World of Crystal Forms
Authors: Braga Dario , Grepioni Fabrizia , Maini Lucia
Published: October 2010

Review: 98 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Sialidases in Biological Systems
Authors: Schwerdtfeger S. M. , Melzig M. F.
Published: October 2010

Review: 66 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemical Constituents of Plants from the Genus Dracocephalum
Authors: Zeng Qi , Jin Hui‐Zi , Qin Jiang‐Jiang , Fu Jian‐Jun , Hu Xiao‐Jia , Liu Jian‐Hua , Yan Lan , Chen Ming , Zhang Wei‐Dong
Published: October 2010

Review: 68 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Development of Non‐Viral Vector for Cancer Gene Therapy
Authors: Hattori Yoshiyuki
Published: October 2010

Review: 31 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemistry in Crop Protection. Part 6. Amino Acid Chemistry in Crop Protection
Authors: Lamberth Clemens
Published: October 2010

Review: ca. 150 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Contaminants as Tracers for Studying Dynamics of Soil Formation: Mining an Ocean of Opportunities
Authors: Klaminder Jonatan , Yoo Kyungsoo
Published: October 2010

Review: 154 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Sol—Gel‐Derived SBA‐16 Mesoporous Material
Authors: Rivera‐Munoz Eric M. , Huirache‐Acuna Rafael
Published: October 2010

Review: 105 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Unsolved Problems in Catalysis
Authors: Tanaka Ken‐ichi
Published: October 2010

Review: 64 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Five Thermodynamic Describers for Addressing Serendipity in the Self‐Assembly of Polynuclear Complexes in Solution
Authors: Piguet Claude
Published: October 2010

Review: 57 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Absolute Structural Elucidation of Natural Products — A Focus on Quantum‐Mechanical Calculations of Solid‐State CD Spectra
Authors: Pescitelli Gennaro , Kurtan Tibor , Florke Ulrich , Krohn Karsten
Published: October 2010

Review: 184 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Computing Chiroptical Properties with First‐Principles Theoretical Methods: Background and Illustrative Examples
Authors: Autschbach Jochen
Published: October 2010

Review: 229 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Detection of Carbocationic Species in Zeolites: Large Crystals Pave the Way
Authors: Stavitski Eli , Pidko Evgeny A. , Kox Marianne H. F. , Hensen Emiel J. M. , van Santen Rutger A. , Weckhuysen Bert M.
Published: October 2010

Review: 43 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Analyses of Proton NMR Spectra of Strongly and Weakly Dipolar Coupled Spins: Special Emphasis on Spectral Simplification, Chiral Discrimination, and Discerning of Degenerate Transitions
Authors: Baishya Bikash , Prabhu Uday Ramesh , Suryaprakash N.
Published: October 2010

Review: 206 refs.
Effects of Coal Gangue Content on Water Movement and Solute Transport in a China Loess Plateau Soil
Authors: Beibei Zhou , Ming'an Shao , Mingxia Wen , Quanjiu Wang , Horton Robert
Published: October 2010

The mining industry has grown strongly in China in recent decades, resulting in large amounts of coal gangues, which cause water and soil pollution, soil erosion, and various other environmental problems. They are often used in reclamation projects in attempts to restore land damaged by mining, hence they are frequently present (in widely varying proportions) in the topsoil in areas around mines. Their presence can strongly affect key soil variables, including its bulk density, structure, water retention, water movement, and solute transport rates. In the study presented here, the effects of gangue contents on infiltration, saturated hydraulic conductivity, and solute transport parameters of a Chinese Loess plateau soil were examined. The results show that infiltration rates and saturated hydraulic conductivity decreased with increasing gangue content. The Peck–Watson equation modeled these relationships well, but Bouwer–Rice equations provided poorer matches with the acquired data. Cumulative infiltration over time was described well by both the Philip equation and Kostiakov equation. Both the simplified convection–dispersion equation and a two‐region model described the solute transport processes well. In addition, the dispersion increased, while both the Peclet number and mobile water fraction decreased, with increases in gangue contents.
Auditory hallucinations: a review of assessment tools
Authors: Ratcliff Kirk , Farhall John , Shawyer Frances
Published: October 2010

Auditory hallucinations are a common and troubling symptom in psychotic disorders. We aimed to identify measures that could be used by clinicians and researchers to assess the experience of auditory hallucinations. A literature review was conducted to identify auditory hallucination measures that were developed since the last such review in 1998. We identified 10 tools: eight self‐report measures and two clinical interviews. The scales measured diverse constructs and are divided into four categories for review: multidimensional assessment, coping strategies, rating of beliefs and acceptance or mindfulness. Evidence of the measures' reliability, validity and sensitivity to change are discussed. There has been an expansion in the range of instruments available, particularly in self‐report questionnaires and in measures that focus on psychological aspects such as attitudes and beliefs regarding voices. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Key Practitioner Message:

• A wide variety of measures of auditory hallucinations has been developed in recent years.

• The majority of measures reviewed here are relevant to psychological therapies.

• This paper provides a resource to help practitioners select appropriate measures to assess auditory hallucinations and their sequalae.
Gsk3β is required in the epithelium for palatal elevation in mice
Authors: He Fenglei , Popkie Anthony P. , Xiong Wei , Li Lu , Wang Ying , Phiel Christopher J. , Chen Yiping
Published: October 2010

In Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway, Gsk3β functions to facilitate β‐catenin degradation. Inactivation of Gsk3β in mice causes a cleft palate formation, suggesting an involvement of Wnt/β‐catenin signaling during palatogenesis. In this study, we have investigated the expression pattern, tissue‐specific requirement and function of Gsk3β during mouse palatogenesis. We showed that Gsk3β is primarily expressed in the palatal epithelium, particularly in the medial edge epithelium overlapping with β‐catenin. Tissue‐specific gene inactivation studies demonstrated an essential role for Gsk3β in the epithelium for palate elevation, and disruption of which contributes to cleft palate phenotype in Gsk3β mutant. We observed that expression of Aixn2, a direct target gene of Wnt/β‐catenin signaling, is ectopically activated in the mutant tongue, but not in the palate. Our results indicate that Gsk3β is an intrinsic regulator required in the epithelium for palate elevation, and could act through a pathway independent of Wnt/β‐catenin signaling to regulate palate development. Developmental Dynamics 239:3235–3246, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Ferrocene‐Containing Coordination Polymers: Ligand Design and Assembled Structures
Authors: Horikoshi Ryo , Mochida Tomoyuki
Published: October 2010

This review describes the preparation and structures of ferrocene‐containing coordination polymers with a focus on ligand design. Neutral ligands such as heteroaryl ferrocenes and anionic ligands such as ferrocenyl carboxylates can be used to construct one‐dimensional coordination polymers of various structural types. The main‐chain and side‐chain polymer structures are designed, and the conformational flexibility of ferrocenes leads to structural variety. The use of additional bridging ligands along with the anionic ligands leads to extended one‐ to three‐dimensional structures. These complexes exhibit various properties, including characteristic redox activities.
New Cluster–Polyoxometalate Hybrids Derived from the Incorporation of {Mo3S4} and {Mo3CuS4} Units into {EW15} Cores (E = AsIII, SbIII, TeIV)
Authors: Sokolov Maxim N. , Peresypkina Eugenia V. , Kalinina Irina V. , Virovets Alexander V. , Korenev Vladimir S. , Fedin Vladimir P.
Published: October 2010

A new family of hybrid chalcogenide cluster‐incorporated polyoxometalates (POMs) have been prepared in which the POM standard building block {W3O4}10+ is replaced by topologically similar chalcogenide cluster fragments {Mo3S4}4+, {Mo3S2O2}4+, and {Mo3CuS4}5+ with M–M bonds. The family includes [EW15Mo3S4(H2O)3O53]9– (E = As, Sb), [TeW15Mo3S4(H2O)3O53]8–, and [AsW15Mo3O2S2(H2O)3O53]9–. The built‐in sulfide ligands represent a new center of coordination for “soft” metal ions: [AsW15Mo3S4(H2O)3O53]9– reacted with Cu+ to form a new heterometal derivative [AsW15Mo3(CuCl)S4(H2O)3O53]9–. Crystal structures of Cs6.5K(NH4)1.5[{Mo3S4(H2O)3}AsW15O53]·14H2O (1), Cs5.85Na3.15[{Mo3S4(H2O)3}SbW15O53]·14.85H2O (2), Cs6Na2[{Mo3S4(H2O)3}TeW15O53]·11.7H2O (3), Cs7.15Na1.85[{Mo3S4(H2O)2Cl}TeW15O53]·11.2H2O (4), Cs6(H3O)3[{Mo3O2S2(H2O)3}AsW15O53]·9.85H2O (5), and Cs5.25K1.75(NH4)2[{Mo3S4(H2O)3CuCl}AsW15O53]·12.07H2O (6) were determined. The highly charged isolated anions in 1–6 are arranged in one of the two well‐known topological types – fcc motif. The cations and hydrate water molecules are severely disordered over thevoids between the anions. The anions in 1–4 are involved in specific nonvalent S···S interactions with S–S distances of 2.95–3.68 Å.
Synthesis and Reactivity of the Phospha‐Grignard Reagent Mg(P{SiMe3}2)Br(thf)
Authors: Day Benjamin M. , Coles Martyn P.
Published: October 2010

The novel phospha‐Grignard reagent Mg(PR′2)X(thf) [R′ = SiMe3, X = Br (1)/Me (1′)] was synthesized and structurally characterized as the phosphide‐bridged dimer [1]2. The potential for this compound to behave as a redox‐friendly phosphide transfer reagent was probed by its reaction with group 4 metallocene compounds Cp2MCl2 (M = Ti, Zr), resulting in phosphide transfer to zirconium, but reduction of the titanium centre to TiIII.
Efficient Synthesis of Nicotianamine and Non‐Natural Analogues
Authors: Bouazaoui M'barek , Larrouy Manuel , Martinez Jean , Cavelier Florine
Published: October 2010

An efficient synthesis of nicotianamine has been achieved by using a new strategy based on N‐alkylation. Sulfonamide activation proved to be necessary for the alkylation of the primary amine and the 2‐(trimethylsilyl)ethanesulfonyl group was easily introduced and found to provide the best compromise for the N‐alkylation and deprotection reactions. This new strategy enabled the preparation of several unnatural analogues including original molecules that will be useful as tools for plant physiology studies.
A Tandem Michael–SN2‐Mediated General Route to Six‐Membered Heterocycles and Carbocycles
Authors: Atta Ananta Kumar , Pathak Tanmaya
Published: October 2010

A powerful, flexible, and stereoselective general strategy for the construction of chirally pure six‐membered heterocycles and carbocycles by utilizing a tandem Michael–SN2 sequence is described. The strategy avoids the tedious synthesis of separate starting materials prior to cyclization. The expedient and general strategy, which is virtually untapped until now, will enrich the arsenal of synthetic chemists for the preparation of cyclic compounds.
Studies with 2‐(acetonylthio)benzothiazole: Novel synthesis of pyridazin‐6(1H)‐one, pyridazin‐6(1H)‐imine, and phthalazine derivatives of antimicrobial and antifungal activities
Authors: Al‐Omran Fatima A. , El‐Khair Adel A.
Published: October 2010

A novel series of (Z)‐1‐(arylhydrazono)‐1‐(benzothiazol‐2′‐ylthio)propan‐2‐ones have been prepared and their utility as building blocks in the synthesis of novel derivatives of Pyridazin‐6(1H)‐ones, pyridazin‐6(1H)‐imines, and phthalazine incorporating a benzothiazole residue are investigated. All of the title compounds were confirmed by elemental analysis, IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, NOE, and mass spectrometry. The synthesized compounds are screened for their antibacterial as well as antifungal activity. All the tested compounds showed high to moderate activity against the selected microorganisms. J. Heterocyclic Chem., (2011).
Prevention of complications following pelvic exenteration with the use of mammary implants in the pelvic cavity: Technique and results of 28 cases
Authors: Valle Mario , Federici Orietta , Ialongo Pasquale , Graziano Franco , Garofalo Alfredo
Published: October 2010

Background

With the evolution of neo‐adjuvant therapy and the introduction of peritonectomy with chemotherapy in surgical practice, pelvic exenteration has taken second place in the treatment of advanced pelvic tumors. This surgery remains the first of choice for the treatment of T4 superior and medium rectal tumors that are not susceptible to neo‐adjuvant radiochemotherapy, for uterine tumors and cervical FIGO IV T4, for pelvic recurrence and for T4 bladder tumors. After a pelvic exenteration the pelvic cavity becomes occupied by the intestinal loops, causing an increase in the risk of short and long‐term complications such as radiation enteritis in the case of post‐operative radiotherapy, occlusions, and enteric fistulas that could be avoided by isolating the small intestine in the pelvic cavity.

Methods

With this aim we positioned a mammary prosthesis (implant) in the cavity of the last 28 cases we treated, and did not observe complications related to the prosthetic implant.

Results

No early or delayed complications, such as occlusions or fistulas, were observed. All the patients treated underwent adjuvant radiotherapy with no evidence of radiation enteritis. Ten patients were recanalized with removal of the implant, ultra‐low rectal anastomosis was performed in six cases and colo‐anal anastomosis was performed in four cases. Eight patients were not recanalized, six distance due to recurrence and two local recurrence. Nine patients are currently in follow‐up, disease free between 1 and 12 months.

Conclusions

We retain the encouraging results observed that the use of mammary implants in the pelvic cavity after pelvic exenteration should be part of the cultural patrimony of the surgeon who approaches this type of major radical surgery. J. Surg. Oncol. 2011;103:34–38. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A boundary variational inequality approach to unilateral contact problems with friction for micropolar hemitropic solids
Authors: Gachechiladze A. , Gachechiladze R. , Gwinner J. , Natroshvili D.
Published: October 2010

We investigate unilateral contact problems for micropolar hemitropic elastic solids. Our study includes Tresca friction (given friction model) along some parts of the boundary of the body. We equivalently reduce these problems to boundary variational inequalities with the help of the Steklov–Poincaré type operator. Based on our boundary variational inequality approach we prove existence and uniqueness theorems for weak solutions. We prove that the solutions continuously depend on the data of the original problem and on the friction coefficient. We treat also the case, when the body is not fixed, but only submitted to force and couple stress vectors along some parts of the boundary and is in unilateral frictional contact with a rigid foundation. In this situation we present necessary and sufficient conditions of solvability. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Adherence and occurrence of fractures after switching to once‐monthly oral bisphophonates
Authors: Briesacher Becky A. , Andrade Susan E. , Harrold Leslie R. , Fouayzi Hassan , Yood Robert A.
Published: October 2010

Purpose

Reducing dosing demands of medications generally increases adherence, although this relationship has not been demonstrated with the once‐monthly oral bisphosphonates (BP). The study aim is to test whether switching from once‐weekly BPs to once‐monthly BPs improves adherence and fracture risk.

Methods

This is an interrupted times‐series analysis of new users of once‐weekly BPs in a nationwide administrative health database from 2003 to 2007. Participants include 1835 individuals who switched to once‐monthly BPs and two propensity‐matched comparator groups: 1835 individuals who switched to a different once‐weekly BP, and 1835 who did not switch. We measured changes in adequate adherence pre‐ and post‐switch as monthly medication possession ratio >0.80, and calculated incidence rate ratios (IRR) of osteoporotic fractures.

Results

All study groups experienced major adherence failure in the first year of therapy: the proportion of adequate adherers was 42% among once‐monthly switchers, 47% among once‐weekly switchers, and 37% among nonswitchers. However, the once‐monthly switch was associated with less adherence failure (4% fewer adherers per month pre‐switch vs. 1% fewer adherers per month post‐switch, p < 0.000). There was no statistically significant change in adherence rates for the other groups. We did not detect significantly reduced fracture risk with once‐monthly switch: 1 year post‐switch, the fracture incidence risk ratios for once‐monthly switchers relative to once‐weekly switchers were IRR 0.83, 95% CI: 0.50–1.36, and IRR 0.90, 95% CI: 0.54–1.49, relative to nonswitchers).

Conclusions

Reducing the dosing demands of oral bisphosphonates from once‐weekly to once‐monthly decreased adherence failure but had an uncertain impact on fracture risk. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Graphen – das ultimativ flache Wundermaterial. Physik‐Nobelpreis 2010
Authors: Zeitler Ulrich
Published: October 2010

Andre Geim und Konstantin Novoselov erhalten den diesjährigen Nobelpreis für Physik für ihre “bahnbrechenden Experimente mit dem zweidimensionalen Material Graphen.”
Geheime Nachrichten und schnelle Rechner. Quanteninformationstheorie Teil 2: Anwendungen
Authors: Duhme Jörg , Franz Torsten , Schmidt Sönke , Werner Reinhard F.
Published: October 2010

Quantenkryptographie und Quantencomputer sind zwei Forschungsgebiete der Quanteninformationstechnologie. Die Quantenkryptographie erzeugt Schlüssel, deren Geheimhaltung durch die Quantenmechanik garantiert wird. Erste kommerzielle Realisierungen sind erhältlich. Dagegen ist der Quantencomputer noch weit von der Verwirklichung entfernt, auch wenn die Grundbausteine bereits realisiert wurden. Theoretisch ist erwiesen, dass er manche Probleme wesentlich effizienter als klassische Computer lösen könnte. Das bekannteste Beispiel ist der Shor‐Algorithmus zur Primfaktorzerlegung, womit aktuelle kryptographische Systeme geknackt würden. Gute Chancen als erste praktische Anwendung haben Quantenrechner, die das Verhalten komplexer Quantensysteme simulieren.
Aufbruch in höhere Dimensionen. Zum 125. Jahrestag von Theodor Kaluza (1885–1954)
Authors: Wuensch Daniela
Published: October 2010

Theodor Kaluza schuf vier originelle physikalische Theorien, darunter 1919 seine Vereinheitlichung der Gravitation und des Elektromagnetismus. In einer Zylinderwelt mit fünf Dimensionen existiert demnach eine einzige gravitationsartige Kraft, die sich in unserem vierdimensionalen Raum in die Einsteinsche Gravitation und die Maxwellsche elektromagnetische Kraft spaltet. Oskar Klein verband 1926 Kaluzas Theorie mit der Quantenmechanik, indem er die fünfte Dimension kompaktifizierte. Trotz der Bewunderung, die Einstein Kaluzas Theorie entgegenbrachte, wurde ihre physikalische Bedeutung erst in den 1960er Jahren erkannt. Sie bildet heute in der Superstring‐ und M‐Theorie das Vereinheitlichungsmodell aller vier Naturkräfte in einem elfdimensionalen Raum.
Bestätigung für Bornsche Regel
Authors: Weihs Gregor , Jennewein Thomas
Published: October 2010

Im Jahre 1926 begründete Max Born die Wahrscheinlichkeitsinterpretation der Quantenmechanik. Er erkannte, dass das Quadrat der Wellenfunktionsamplitude eines quantenmechanischen Teilchens oder Photons dessen Aufenthaltswahrscheinlichkeit angibt. Der berühmte Doppelspaltversuch ist eine direkte Konsequenz daraus. Die Bornsche Regel besagt, dass Interferenz immer von zwei Wegen herrührt. Bislang wurde nie nachgeprüft, ob es nicht auch Interferenz über mehr als zwei Wege gibt, was eine schwere Verletzung der Quantenmechanik wäre. Unsere Gruppe in Kanada konnte nun eine Dreiwege‐Interferenz mit gewisser Genauigkeit ausschließen.
Verwinkelte Quantenkorrelationen
Authors: Franke‐Arnold Sonja
Published: October 2010

Eine der überraschendsten Erscheinungen in der Quantenphysik ist die Verschränkung von zwei Teilchen. Vor 75 Jahren wiesen Einstein und seine Kollegen Podolsky und Rosen mit einem Gedankenexperiment auf dieses Phänomen hin. Das EPR‐Paradoxon zeigt, dass Quantenmechanik gegen die Grundannahmen jeder klassischen Theorie verstößt: Lokalität und Realität. Mittlerweile wird Verschränkung in vielen Grundlagenversuchen untersucht und ermöglicht Anwendungen in der Quanteninformation. An der Universität Glasgow haben wir zusammen mit Forschern aus Strathclyde und Rochester erstmals äquivalente Korrelationen zwischen Drehwinkel und Drehimpuls von Photonen nachgewiesen.
Blut ist ein ganz besonderer Saft
Authors: Rolfs Claus
Published: October 2010

Der Blutkreislauf sichert das Überleben eines Organismus. Er versorgt die Lungen mit Sauerstoff und führt Kohlendioxid ab. Nährstoffe und Abbauprodukte werden transportiert, Botenstoffe wie Hormone gelangen an ihre Aktionsstätten im Körper. So kompliziert der Blutkreislauf auch ist, mit einfachen physikalischen Gesetzen lässt er sich ganz gut beschreiben.
Käseballons dank Proteinelastizität
Authors: Vilgis Thomas
Published: October 2010

Manche fettarme Käseprodukte erinnern eher an ein Stück Radiergummi. Der Grund dafür liegt in den elastischen Eigenschaften der polymeren Netzwerke, die von Milchproteinen gebildet werden. Diese lassen sich kulinarisch nützen, etwa in luftigen “Käseballons”, die an Kaugummiblasen erinnern.
Restrained expression, a method to overproduce toxic membrane proteins by exploiting operator–repressor interactions
Authors: Narayanan Anoop , Ridilla Marc , Yernool Dinesh A.
Published: October 2010

A major rate‐limiting step in determining structures of membrane proteins is heterologous protein production. Toxicity often associated with rapid overexpression results in reduced biomass along with low yields of target protein. Mitigation of toxic effects was achieved using a method we call “restrained expression,” a controlled reduction in the frequency of transcription initiation by exploiting the infrequent transitions of Lac repressor to a free state from its complex with the lac‐operator site within a T7lac promoter that occur in the absence of the inducer isopropyl β‐D‐1‐thiogalactopyranoside. In addition, production of the T7 RNA polymerase that drives transcription of the target is limited using the tightly regulated arabinose promoter in Escherichia coli strain BL21‐AI. Using this approach, we can achieve a 200‐fold range of green fluorescent protein expression levels. Application to members of a family of ion pumps results in 5‐ to 25‐fold increases in expression over the benchmark BL21(DE3) host strain. A viral ion channel highly toxic to E. coli can also be overexpressed. In comparative analyses, restrained expression outperforms commonly used E. coli expression strategies. The mechanism underlying improved target protein yield arises from minimization of protein aggregation and proteolysis that reduce membrane integrity and cell viability. This study establishes a method to overexpress toxic proteins.
Spin‐coated organic ferroelectric films for non‐volatile memories
Authors: Müller Klaus , Henkel Karsten , Mandal Dipankar , Seime Bernd , Paloumpa Ioanna , Schmeißer Dieter
Published: October 2010

For low cost memory devices like ferroelectric field‐effect transistors (FeFETs) or cross bar arrays, organic materials are important, due to their processability from solutions at room temperature. The copolymer Poly[vinylidene fluoride trifluoroethylene] (P[VDF/TrFE]) is a candidate for a possible application as a ferroelectric component in such structures. In order to improve the performance of FeFETs with P[VDF/TrFE], we investigate metal–ferroelectric–insulator–semiconductor (MFIS) capacitors. Implementing a method proposed by Miller and McWorther, we simulate the capacitance‐voltage (C–V) characteristics of MFIS stacks and the hysteresis due to the ferroelectric switching of the copolymer. We vary the parameters thickness and permittivity of the insulator as well as the as the thickness of the ferroelectric layer and predict in that way conditions where a saturation of the polarization can be reached. We also report on retention and cycle endurance measurements. Furthermore, we show measurements of the dipole alignment of ultrathin ferroelectric copolymer films, down to 10 nm thickness. No ferroelectric threshold was found, even for this thickness, if an adapted system of electrodes is used. Here, we introduce the near edge X‐ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) method as a new tool for the characterization of ferroelectric dipole switching.
Biologically active sesquiterpene coumarins fromFerulaspecies
Authors: Nazari Zeinab Esmail , Iranshahi Mehrdad
Published: October 2010

Extracts from different species of the genusFerula(Apiaceae) have had various biomedical applications for many centuries. Many biological features of this genus such as cytotoxicity, antibacterial, antiviral, P‐glycoprotein (P‐gp) inhibitory and antiinflammatory activity have been attributed to sesquiterpene coumarins; structures containing a common coumarin group and a sesquiterpene moiety. This both highlights the importance of sesquiterpene coumarins as biologically active natural products and necessitates further studies on these compounds.

Taking into account the versatile biological properties of compounds isolated fromFerulaand the unprecedented interest in the application of natural products as a new generation of therapeutics, the present review will discuss reports on biological activities of sesquiterpene coumarins of the genusFerula, from 1990 onwards. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Comparative investigations on the protective effects of rhodioside, ciwujianoside‐B and astragaloside IV on radiation injuries of the hematopoietic system in mice
Authors: Li Yu‐Rong , Cao Wei , Guo Jun , Miao Shan , Ding Gui‐Rong , Li Kang‐Chu , Wang Jin , Guo Guo‐Zhen
Published: October 2010

The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects of three glycosides (rhodioside, ciwujianoside‐B and astragaloside IV) on the hematopoietic system in the mice exposed to γ‐rays, and to examine the possible mechanisms involved. Mice were pretreated with the glycosides (40 mg/kg, i.g.) daily for 7 days prior to radiation. The survival of mice pretreated with three glycosides after total body irradiation (6.0 Gy) was examined. Peripheral blood leucocytes and endogenous spleen colony counts, colony‐forming unit‐granulocyte macrophage assay, analysis of DNA content and apoptosis rate determination were performed to evaluate the effects of the three glycosides on hematogenesis. The fragmentation of double‐stranded DNA in lymphocytes was detected by the comet assay. The changes in cell cycle were analysed by flow cytometry. Furthermore, the expression levels of Bcl‐2, Bax and nuclear factor‐kappa B (NF‐κB) were measured by western blot and the electrophoretic mobility shift assay. The results showed that pretreatment with all of the glycosides improved survival time and increased the number of leucocytes, spleen colonies and granulocyte‐macrophage colonies in mice exposed to 6.0 Gy γ‐radiation. Rhodioside showed more protective efficacy than both ciwujianoside‐B and astragaloside IV. All three glycosides significantly increased the proliferation abilities of bone marrow cells, and decreased the ratio of cells in G0/G1 phase. Further analysis showed that these three glycosides were able to decrease DNA damage and the increment in the Bax/Bcl‐2 ratio induced by radiation. In summary, the three glycosides showed radioprotective effects on the hematopoietic system in mice, which was associated with changes in the cell cycle, a reduction in DNA damage, and down‐regulation of the ratio of Bax/Bcl‐2 in bone marrow cells exposed to radiation. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects of coumestrol administration to pregnant and lactating mice on intestinal alkaline phosphatase activity
Authors: Kirihata Yuka , Horiguchi Yoshihiro , Ueda Michihisa , Sugimoto Miki , Ikeda Shuntaro , Kume Shinichi
Published: October 2010

The present study was conducted to clarify the effects of coumestrol administration on Ca metabolism during pregnancy and in lactating mice. From 6.5 to 16.5 days post coitus (dpc), pregnant mice were administered coumestrol at 200 µg/kg body weight/day. The duodenum, jejunum and blood samples were obtained at 17.5 dpc or 10 days after parturition (dap). Coumestrol administration decreased alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and mRNA expression of IAP and estrogen responsive genes, c‐fos and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), in the duodenum and jejunum of pre‐delivery mice. In lactating mice, the ALP activity and mRNA expression of IAP were not changed, although coumestrol administration decreased mRNA expression of c‐fos in the duodeum and VEGF in the jejunum. Coumestrol did not affect serum Ca and the expression of vitamin D receptor protein in the duodenum and jejunum. Thus, coumestrol administration during pregnancy may decrease the mRNA expression of IAP and the ALP activity in the intestine of the pre‐delivery mice through ERα, but coumestrol had little effect on intestinal ALP activity at 10 days after parturition. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.