bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The "Afghan issue" within the framework of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization
Authors:   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Birimkulova G.U. , Zhomart N.Zh. ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University
Published: January 2025

The article will focus on the "Afghan issue", which has a very important geostrategic role within the framework of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. In order to understand the problem more deeply, first we are talking about historical facts that explain the internal state of Afghanistan. Among them there will be a talk about the war with the USSR, the civil war inside the country and the wars against the united group of foreign troops. It tells about the return to power of the Taliban group. In addition, it is noted what changes took place in the country when the Taliban came to power. Importance is attached to changing the balance of power in the region. That is, we are talking about the competition of states creating a new influence on Afghanistan, freed from the United States. It will tell about the initiatives and projects implemented between the Member States and the new authorities of Afghanistan. The main importance is attached to agreements with the Central Asian States. By the end of the article, we will talk about the Samarkand SCO Summit. In addition, signed agreements will be listed. Finally, a conclusion is made by combining all the collected material.
Analysis of the degree of influence of the media on the political consciousness of the population: preferences and trust (regional aspect)
Authors:   Toraighyrov University, Kappassova G.M. , Аltybassarova М.А. ,   Toraighyrov University, Begimtayev А.I. ,   Toraighyrov University
Published: January 2025

The article discusses the degree of influence of the media on the political consciousness of the population of Pavlodar region. The authors noted that in any modern political system, the media perform a number of important functions: informational, ideological, educational, integration, criticism, control, constitution and association of political subjects, mobilization and the most important influence, management and manipulation. The political influence of the media is carried out through the impact on the consciousness, mind and feelings of a person. In all democratic states (including the Republic of Kazakhstan), a rational model of mass communications prevails, designed to convince people with the help of information and argumentation built in accordance with the laws of logic. This model corresponds to the prevailing type of mentality and political culture of the society. It involves a joint struggle between different media in order to achieve the attention and trust of the audience.

In such countries, it is de jure forbidden to use the media to incite racial, national, class and religious hatred and antagonism. However, even here, various political forces often replace the emotional impact with the promotion of their ideas and values.

For this reason, the article is mainly focused on the ability of the media to serve various political purposes: managing information flows, strengthening political decisions, political PR, information lobbying. The authors conclude that, realizing the impact of modern information technologies and virtual information space on public opinion and political processes, government officials successfully use virtual communication with citizens.

In preparing the article, the authors used the results of a sociological survey «Studying the degree of influence of the media in Pavlodar region» conducted by the authors and the research group of the NAO «Toraigyrov University», commissioned by the State Institution "Department of Information and Social Development of Pavlodar Region».
Sport as the language of diplomacy: strengthening ties through competitions
Authors:   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Mukhamedgaliyeva A.K. , Abzhapparova B.Zh. ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University
Published: January 2025

The article examines the role of sport in strengthening peace and harmony between countries in the international arena, especially the importance of sports diplomacy. The effectiveness of using sports to resolve conflicts arising in international relations has been demonstrated by historical examples. For example, the "diplomacy of cricket" between India and Pakistan or the "diplomacy of ping pong" between China and the United States prove the influence of this sport on the establishment of unity and mutual understanding. It is also assumed that the meetings of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea and the Republic of Korea in the field of sports helped to reduce the level of tension. The article also examines the transformation of sport into an instrument of political pressure, especially at the Olympic Games and other major competitions, where political conflicts between athletes and countries occur. In order to increase the influence of sports on the world and friendly relations between countries, solutions such as maintaining the neutrality of international sports organizations, developing cultural diplomacy, and introducing common rules and codes are proposed. It is also noted that sport plays a special role in promoting tourism and national cultural heritage. This was studied in more detail on the example of the V World Nomad Games, held in Kazakhstan, in the city of Astana. In addition, the importance of considering sport as a path to unity and peace, rather than using it as a political tool at the international level, is emphasized.
Comparative Study of Subclinical Hypothyroidism in Patients with and Without Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Sahoo Satyabrata , Behera Rakesh Chandra , Sethy Sunita , Behera Tushar Kantee
Published: January 2025

Background: A group of metabolic abnormalities known as metabolic syndrome (MetS) greatly raises the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular illnesses. People with MetS frequently have subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH), which is defined by high levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) with normal free thyroxine (T4). The research examined the relationship between thyroid function and metabolic parameters, as well as to assess the incidence of subclinical hypothyroidism in individuals with and without MetS.
Methods: There were 960 participants in all, 480 of whom had a diagnosis of MetS and 480 of whom were healthy controls. Blood pressure and waist circumference were measured clinically. After an overnight fast, blood samples were taken utilising fully automated clinical chemistry and hormone analyzers to assay lipid profile, fasting blood glucose (FBG), and thyroid function tests (T3, T4, and TSH). The Pearson correlation coefficient and Student's t-test were used to analyse the data.
Results: Statistically, there was a significant variation in the prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism between the MetS group (16.3%) and the control group (5%; p < 0.001). In addition to having decreased HDL cholesterol, MetS patients also had higher FBG, blood pressure, triglycerides, and waist circumference. TSH levels and the elements of MetS, such as waist circumference (r = 0.41, p < 0.001), systolic blood pressure (r = 0.38, p < 0.001), FBG(r = 0.44, p < 0.001), triglycerides (r = 0.39, p < 0.001), and HDL cholesterol (r = -0.32, p < 0.001), were found to be significantly correlated with each other.
Conclusion: The results of the study indicate that people with metabolic syndrome have a higher incidence of subclinical hypothyroidism, which may indicate a relationship between thyroid function and metabolic health. Regular thyroid function testing could help improve clinical outcomes by enabling early detection and management of SCH in MetS patients.
Recommendations: When treating patients with metabolic syndrome, healthcare professionals should think about doing routine thyroid function tests. To manage thyroid dysfunction in patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS), further research is required to investigate the underlying mechanisms and create tailored therapies.
Keywords: Metabolic Syndrome, Subclinical Hypothyroidism, Thyroid Function, Cardiovascular Risk, Metabolic Health
Lernschwierigkeiten und soziale Herkunft
Authors: Schröter Anne , Schulze Sarah
Published: January 2025

Das aktuelle Thema
Court costs as an element of the mechanism of ensuring access to justice
Authors: Haidar M. V. , Shumilo O. M.
Published: January 2025

The right of access to justice is considered as an international standard for judicial protection of rights, along with the ways in which court costs can be used for regulatory purposes. The article explores the role of court costs as a critical element in the mechanism for ensuring access to justice, a fundamental principle of democratic societies. Access to justice is a cornerstone of the rule of law, guaranteeing individuals the ability to protect their rights and interests through legal mechanisms. However, court costs, including filing fees, procedural expenses, and other associated charges, often create barriers that limit equal access to the judicial system, particularly for economically disadvantaged individuals.
Authors highlight the multifaceted nature of court costs, emphasizing their dual role: on the one hand, they are essential for maintaining the financial sustainability of judicial systems; on the other, they can impede individuals' ability to seek justice.
Special attention is given to mechanisms for mitigating the negative impact of court costs, such as exemptions, reductions, and state-funded legal aid. The study also addresses the procedural abuses that can increase court costs unnecessarily, such as the submission of frivolous claims or motions by parties to delay proceedings.
The article proposes practical recommendations for optimizing the system of court costs, ensuring their transparency and fairness while balancing the financial needs of the judicial system with the principle of access to justice. These recommendations include improving legislative frameworks, introducing clear criteria for cost exemptions, and enhancing public awareness about available financial support mechanisms.
“Eso es todo lo que puedo decir sobre el trabajo propuesto.” Disputa de tesis de Y.V. Knórosov. 1955
Authors: Dolgova Evgenia , Ershova Galina
Published: January 2025

El presente documento histórico es la transcripción del registro del examen de grado de Yuri Valentinovich Knórosov. El hecho de defender una tesis para aspirar al grado académico de doctorado representa el escalón de calificación más importante en la carrera de cualquier académico, una especie de iniciación, admisión a una corporación científica. Tanto más memorables y raros son los casos cuando la disputa de la candidatura da lugar a la concesión del grado de doctorado como resultado de la defensa de tesis, es decir, el aspirante de ayer se encuentra en lo más alto de la jerarquía científica. En la historia de la ciencia no hay tantas defensas de este tipo.
Uno de estos acontecimientos fue la defensa de tesis del historiador, etnógrafo, lingüista y fundador de la escuela rusa mayista, Yuri Valentínovich Knórosov (1922 - 1999). Ella se llevó a cabo el 29 de marzo de 1955 en una reunión del Consejo Académico del Instituto de Etnografía de la Academia de Ciencias de la URSS y se considera un fenómeno extraordinario en la vida científica de ese tiempo debido a varias circunstancias.
Knórosov en Yucatán. La visita del genio ruso a la Facultad de Ciencias Antropológicas
Authors: Cortés Campos Rocío
Published: January 2025

Mayo de 1997. La Facultad de Ciencias Antropológicas de la UADY se ubicaba en aquella antigua y arbolada casona de la calle 76, en el centro de la ciudad de Mérida, muy cerca del emblemático restaurante-bar Los leoncitos. Fue entonces cuando el último gran genio del Siglo XX, el epigrafista ruso Yuri Knórosov, acudió a nuestra Facultad para impartir una conferencia magistral y recibir un reconocimiento por el invaluable aporte de su investigación para la cultura maya.
Fue recibido por el rector en turno, Mtro. Carlos Pasos Novelo, y por el entonces director de la Facultad, Dr. Delfín Quezada Domínguez, quien a propósito de este número especial dedicado a la memoria de Knórosov, nos concede esta entrevista en la que relata algunos detalles acerca de ese importante acontecimiento en la historia de nuestra Facultad. Y a la vez expone de manera sucinta la teoría de Knórosov sobre la concepción de los glifos mayas como bloques silábicos y morfológicos, lo cual permitió una lectura revolucionaria, completamente distinta a lo establecido por los cánones arqueológicos para el desciframiento de la epigrafía maya.
De redes y antigüedades.
Authors: Gómez Vázquez Ulises A.
Published: January 2025

La presente propuesta es una reseña crítica del libro de Achim Miruna,  Ídolos y antigüedades. La formación del Museo Nacional de México (1825-1867), trad. De Rodrigo Martínez Baracs, Alicia García Bergua, Miruna Achim.- Primera edición, Ciudad de México: Secretaria de Cultura, INAH, 2021, 328 pág., ISBN: 978-607-539-577-7. Se presenta la estructura narrativa  y los principales matices y enfoques de la obra.
La descripción de los partos monstruosos en dos relaciones de sucesos
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Valdés Flores Pablo Esteban
Published: January 2025

Existe un género literario surgido a partir del siglo XV denominado "relaciones de sucesos", estas tenían como propósito primordial informar sobre temas festivos, históricos o religiosos. Asimismo, dichos textos también solían relatar los nacimientos de diferentes personas con deformidades corporales. En tal contexto, propongo analizar dos testimonios que refieren alumbramientos denominados despectivamente “monstruosos”. El objetivo principal consiste en notar como aquellas criaturas recién nacidas representaban un grupo marginado, y como fueron a su vez representadas en la literatura. En tal sentido analizo dos relaciones, una anónima y otra de un informante llamado Salvador de Padilla. Otro de los objetivos consiste en verificar la simbología moral y religiosa que representaban las narraciones de tales sucesos. De igual modo, pretendo relacionar tales interpretaciones desde un contexto crítico-histórico, incluyendo temas como la autoridad política de aquella época, o las limitaciones quirúrgicas de la obstetricia que dificultaban la labor de parto en aquella época.
Enhancing Smart Farming Management in the Bali Cattle Breeding Center, Sobangan, Bali, Indonesia, through “SIDEWI” Electronic Data Information System
Authors: Desak Nyoman Dewi Indira Laksmi  , Desak Putu Mas Ari Candrawati  , I Gede Bintang Arya Budaya  , Ni Putu Yayuk Puspita Yanti  , I Made Merdana  , I Komang Ari Mogi
Published: January 2025

The Sobangan Cattle Breeding Center is currently relying on a manual recording system administered by the office to document cattle data. Due to the substantial number of cattle, such a manual method proves inefficient. The solution lies in SIDEWI, a comprehensive digital recording system for the data. Therefore, this research assessed the breeding center productivity by integrating a digital recording system with maintenance management, addressing the inefficiencies inherent in manual recording. The integration of data through SIDEWI aimed to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of measuring productivity while supporting improvements in maintenance management. The investigation, conducted at Sobangan Cattle Breeding Center in Sobangan Village, Mengwi Sub-district, Badung Regency, spanned from April to November 2023. The program included basic analysis, system development, training, and mentoring. SIDEWI.id, being a digital system, contained features for efficiently managing and recording growth, reproduction, ownership, and health data. The research had the potential to generate more precise and high-quality data, contributing to increased productivity in the cattle farming industry. Through the system, staff could easily access and evaluate the condition of each cattle, facilitating the integration of smart farming management, enhancing productivity, and, becoming a center of excellence for Bali cattle.
ESTIMATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SOLAR RADIATION, RELATIVE HUMIDITY, AND TEMPERATURE IN UGWOLAWO USING LINEAR REGRESSION ANALYSIS
Authors: Ohiani Alexander O. , Ayodele S. A. , Egbunu F. , Ibrahim A. R. , Oshatuyi I. I. , Adeyemi J. O.
Published: January 2025

The radiation of the sun has a critical climatic influence on solar energy generation, ecology and crop production. Consequently, it is important to know how solar radiation interacts with other climate variables such as temperature and relative humidity towards developing better designs of solar arrays and mitigate the impact of climate variability. In this study, we have explored the impacts of relative humidity and temperature on the sun’s radiation. The statistical data for this work was collected from the trustworthy National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) power archive. Shortwave solar radiation, relative humidity and temperature readings from January 1991 to December 2020 were retrieved and evaluated to establish average values.  The results showed that the annual relative humidity ranged from 77.25% to 83.94%, while the annual temperature fluctuated between 24.86°C and 26.58°C, and the radiation from sun varied from 4.72 to 5.40 kW-hr/m². Both graphical and statistical analyses using a simple regression model indicated a slightly direct correlation between solar radiation and relative humidity while data regarding temperatures and solar radiation during the analysis period demonstrated an inverse relationship.
Programas de intervención para reducción de factores de riesgos de enfermedades cardiovasculares en adultos mayores: una revisión sistemática
Authors: Cedeño Mero Devis Geovanny , Rueda Sandoval Giselle Verónica , Moya Jiménez Evelin Lizbeth
Published: January 2025

Introducción: las enfermedades cardiovasculares constituyen la principal causa de muerte a nivel global en los adultos mayores, para disminuir esta brecha de morbimortalidad se han diseñado programas de intervención para modificar cambios en los estilos de vida. Objetivos: el objetivo de este estudio fue identificar programas desarrollados para adultos mayores, su duración, áreas intervenidas y efectividad a través de una revisión sistemática de la literatura que se basó en la metodología PRISMA, en las que se examinaron las bases de datos académicas EBSCOhost, Dialnet, PubMed, Redalyc, Scopus y Google Scholar. Metodología: los estudios incluidos en la revisión consisten en artículos publicados en el periodo 2019 al 2024. Se obtuvieron 194 artículos preliminares, de los cuales se seleccionaron 44 estudios siguiendo los criterios de inclusión y exclusión. Resultados: los resultados muestran que la mayoría de los programas tienen una duración entre 2 a 12 meses, basados principalmente en actividades integrales siendo la nutrición, actividad física, reducción del estrés y asesoramiento conductual personalizado las más implementadas. Conclusiones: con respecto a la efectividad de los programas la mayoría presentan cambios significativos en índice de masa corporal, glucemia, colesterol, triglicéridos, mejor rendimiento físico, mejora en la presión arterial sistólica y diastólica y en los hábitos de salud. Área de estudio general: medicina. Área de estudio específica: cardiología. Tipo de estudio: Revisión Bibliográfica.
МЕТОДИКА РОЗРОБКИ КАСКАДНОЇ МОДЕЛІ РОЗРАХУНКУ КООРДИНАТ СУДНА НА ОСНОВІ ГЛИБОКОГО НАВЧАННЯ
Authors: Іваненко Віталій Миколайович , Федунов В.М. , Трофименко Ірина Валеріївна , Пліта Леонід Леонідович
Published: January 2025

Метою статті є дослідження методики розробки каскадної моделі розрахунку координат судна на основі глибокого навчання, здатної прогнозувати відносну швидкість судна в нерухомій системі координат під впливом вітру і хвиль. Поставлена мета досягається шляхом побудови топології каскадної моделі розрахунку координат судна, визначення порядку формування навчального набору даних та тестування результатів навчання. Для визначення координат місця розташування судна, зокрема, з використанням автономних навігаційних систем, необхідно забезпечити стабільність судна по заданій траєкторії. Однак, супутникові навігаційні системи мають свої недоліки, такі як обмеженість використання в певних умовах, наприклад, в середовищах, де радіохвилі не проходять, а також проблеми з шумами і цілісністю системи. У випадках, коли стикаються з форс-мажорними природними явищами, які можуть пошкодити супутникові системи, стеження судна може залежати від алгоритмів обробки навігаційної інформації в автономних системах для підвищення точності і цілісності інтегрованих навігаційних систем, що використовують дані супутникової навігації. Часто визначення деяких зовнішніх факторів, таких як параметри збурення, супроводжується значними похибками, що призводить до значної невизначеності при прогнозуванні обчислюваних координат. У порівнянні з наявними алгоритмами, використання нейронних мереж може бути більш ефективним у умовах невизначеності, оскільки вони мають нелінійні властивості перетворення вхідних сигналів у вихідні. Таким чином, прогноз обчислюваних координат при впливі зовнішніх факторів повністю відповідає цим умовам. Найбільш суттєвим результатом є каскадна модель розрахунку координат судна на основі довготривалої короткочасної пам'яті (Long short-time memory; LSTM). В рамках подальшого напряму роботи можна зазначити, що навіть якщо ця прогностична модель є більш точною, ніж традиційні методи, її ефективність повинна бути підвищена, щоб досягти оптимальних результатів. Також, важливо зазначити, що гіперпараметр оптимізації є ключовим елементом для моделей глибокого навчання. Гіперпараметри визначають як навчальну продуктивність моделі, так і якість її тестування.
Ключові слова: судно, координати, обчисленням шляху, модель, нейронна мережа, глибоке навчання, довготривала короткочасна пам'ять.
Caracterización epidemiológica de casos de COVID-19 en personas de 60 años y más durante los primeros cinco meses de la pandemia, Cundinamarca, 2020
Authors: Sanabria Castellanos Cindy Marleyi , Monroy Calvo Carolina , Heredia Melo Damaris , Cabrera Guerra Javier , Prieto Alvarado Franklyn Edwin , González Duarte Maritza Adegnis
Published: January 2025

Introducción: Cundinamarca fue la quinta región del país más afectada por la COVID-19, en una población con envejecimiento acelerado superior al promedio nacional. Este análisis caracterizó la enfermedad en mayores de 60 años, para establecer recomendaciones para mitigación del impacto.
Metodología: estudio descriptivo, a partir de la vigilancia intensificada del evento infección respiratoria aguda grave, entre marzo y agosto de 2020. Se realizaron estadísticas descriptivas de las características sociodemográficas y clínicas.
Resultados: se notificaron 2 241 casos, con tasa de incidencia de 515,8 casos por 100 000 habitantes; tasa de mortalidad de 76,4 casos por 100 000 habitantes (332 personas) y letalidad del 14,8 %. Se observó aumento en la proporción de hospitalización y muerte entre los 80 y 89 años y en el sexo masculino, comparado con los otros grupos etarios. El 51,9 % presentó tos, el 33,5 % fiebre y el 24,3 % dificultad respiratoria, el 20,9 % fueron asintomáticos. El 39,4 % presentaba hipertensión arterial, 17,8 % enfermedad renal y 17,1 % diabetes mellitus. El 32,2% fue hospitalizado en hospitalización general y el 4,0 % en unidad de cuidados intensivos. Tanto los síntomas como las comorbilidades aumentaron porcentualmente en los casos hospitalizados y fallecidos en relación con los manejados ambulatoriamente.
Discusión: las tasas de incidencia, mortalidad y letalidad por decenios en los mayores de 60 años y más en Cundinamarca fueron menores en comparación con las tasas nacionales, excepto la letalidad en el decenio de 60 a 70 años, que fue mayor en el departamento. El comportamiento en Cundinamarca demostró una especial vulnerabilidad en el decenio de 80-89 años y en el sexo masculino, por lo que las estrategias de vigilancia y control en salud pública se deben priorizar para subgrupos poblacionales, especialmente aquellos con comorbilidades como hipertensión arterial y diabetes mellitus, para disminuir la morbi- mortalidad.
Considerations on improving the level of reliability and capacity of the energy system
Authors:   Constantin Brancusi University of Targu Jiu, Ionici Cristina , Mihuț Nicoleta ,   Constantin Brancusi University of Targu Jiu
Published: January 2025

Balancing the energy system, however, has now become an extremely important issue
with the closure of the thermal power plants. Because the green methods of energy production,
which have been developed recently, wind turbines and photovoltaics do not produce energy
constantly. It does not cover the energy needs of SEN in the 24 hours, as well as in the 4 seasons.
There has been a constant need for energy capabilities to step in when there is either an excess or
deficit of energy in the system. Such a role can be taken over by hydroelectric power plants with
accumulation by pumping (CHEAP). Pumped storage plants are neither polluting nor dependent on
fossil fuel price fluctuations and can successfully take over the role of energy regulator in the SEN.
They are, in fact, some huge "green" batteries that constitute an electrical energy storage solution,
at the level of 2020 they represented 95% of global storage.
An analysis of innovations in business models: the case of Medlife’s sustainability report
Authors:   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Romania, Cunea Miruna Iuliana
Published: January 2025

This study examines how innovation within business models in the healthcare sector
is reflected in sustainability reporting, particularly focusing on the impact of recent crises,
including the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. This research focuses on Medlife S.A., a public listed
Romanian healthcare company, and on its first sustainability report issued in 2023, covering its
2022 performance. The report highlights the group’s efforts to implement a sustainable business
model during the pandemic, addressing key challenges such as innovation, digitalisation and
environmental sustainability. The findings reveal that the innovation is emphasized through
research conducted to combat the SARS-CoV-2 virus and through the adoption of digital
technologies including telemedicine and robotic surgery. However, gaps remain in the use of
emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence, blockchain, cloud computing, and the
Internet of Medical Things (IoMT), which could further enhance sustainability efforts. This
study contributes to the literature by providing insights into how business model innovation and
sustainability reporting are interconnected during periods of crisis, emphasizing the need for
healthcare companies to adopt emerging technologies to improve sustainability outcomes.
(R)evolution of performance in the public order and safety system
Authors:   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Romania, Ceausescu Elena Casandra , Cazoni Camelia ,   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Romania, Petre Bogdan ,   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Romania, Pircalaboiu Alexandra ,   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Romania, Nastase Marian ,   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Romania
Published: January 2025

The public order and safety system in Romania has several valences of national
importance for which the internal management control mechanisms must be adapted to the general
and specific objectives of the entity, so that the institutional needs related to the safety of the
citizen and the preservation of a climate of public tranquility are realized at an optimal and
continuous level.
In this respect, at the managerial level it is analyzed through information, communication and
management of certain documents, how to achieve general and specific objectives through
planning tools, the degree of achievement of targets, the, performance monitoring, using the
resources at hand. Case study was used as qualitative research in order to emphasize the
particularities and evolution of performance evaluation in the public order and safety system.
Thus, we can talk about the effectiveness of performance that is examined and evaluated in order
to provide reasonable assurance that all the objectives of the public entity will be achieved.
This study attempts to establish the evolution of performance indicators in the system of public
order and safety, from the perspective of legislative changes in the field and the opinion of the
authors based on the method of observation on the revolution of the system to the advantage or
detriment of the entity. Also, a case study will indicate the results obtained and their evolution
reported to the performance indicators at the level of the preventive arrest structure in Bucharest
for the period 2019-2023.
Rule-based systems in balancing the ripple effects of financial services on environmentally impactful sectors
Authors:   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Romania, Ciurea Iulia-Cristina
Published: January 2025

This paper investigates the ripple effects of financial services granted to
environmentally impactful sectors such as Oil & Gas, Construction, and Agriculture, focusing
on how rule-based systems can influence financial decisions to reduce environmental harm. The
objective is to create a framework based on the proposed rule-based system by analyzing existing
governmental programs, Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) criteria, and green loan
criteria that serve as economic mechanisms, guiding financial products toward or away from
investments in high-emission industries. The methodology combines theoretical analysis with a
proposed rule-based framework that links business rules to credit allocation outcomes. Results
from the study suggest that financial institutions, through the implementation of rule-based
systems, can effectively balance the need to finance essential sectors without exacerbating
environmental damage. The proposed framework allows for more informed lending decisions,
mitigating the long-term environmental impacts of financial services on high-emission
industries. By aligning economic incentives with sustainability, this paper contributes to the
discourse on sustainable finance and environmental risk management.
Agriculture and rural development in Romania: navigating the challenges and demands of sustainable development goals
Authors:   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Romania, Nistoroiu Bianca-Florentina , Nicolae Iuliana ,   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Romania, Condeianu Ovidiu ,   Romanian Academy House,
Bucharest, Romania
Published: January 2025

This article examines the potential and problems that Romania's agriculture industry
faces in relation to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the United Nations,
particularly SDG 13 (Climate Action) and SDG 2 (Zero Hunger). Romania's agriculture is
essential to the country's economic expansion, rural development, and environmental
sustainability, yet there are major challenges due to dispersed landholdings, antiquated
infrastructure, and climate change. Crop production per hectare and water usage efficiency are
the two main variables used in the study to evaluate resource management and agricultural
performance.The yields of rapeseed and wheat have somewhat improved, but the production of
barley has remained unchanged. Because of changing irrigation needs and rainfall, water usage
efficiency has changed. In order to reach the SDG objectives, the report highlights the necessity
of upgrading water management systems and modernising agricultural practices. The present
study enhances comprehension of the intricate dynamics of sustainable agriculture in Romania
and its conformity with wider sustainability frameworks in Europe and worldwide.
Impact of social entrepreneurship on sustainable regional development
Authors:   University of National and World Economy, Sofia, Bulgaria, Mihaylov Miroslav
Published: January 2025

Throughout its historical development, humanity has always strived to create a sustainable and
just economy. In addition to ensure market stability, the core idea of the "social economy" is to build an
economic system that respects human dignity, promotes social justice, and contributes to public welfare.
All of this remains merely an utopian theory if enterprises do not achieve positive financial results and
produce goods and services that are beneficial to society. Social enterprises are an important part of the
European economic and social system.
They represent more than 160,000 enterprises across Europe, owned by 123 million individual members,
and provide employment to 5.8 million citizens1
. Their impact varies in each European region and depends
on the development of the civic economy.
In this study, we will examine the historical development of social enterprises in Europe and Bulgaria. We
will attempt to present their influence in two regions, utilizing different quantitative and qualitative
indicators. By analyzing some of the challenges facing the civic economy and exploring funding
opportunities, we will strive to determine their development prospects.
Review of qualitative experimental methods for visualising airflow around aircraft mock-ups in wind tunnels
Authors:   National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, Apostol Eliza-Ioana , Țîțu Aurel Mihail ,   Academy of Romanian Scientists
Published: January 2025

Around aerodynamic models in the subsonic tunnel, there are several qualitative
experimental methods of visualising airflow that can provide valuable information about their
aerodynamic behaviour. These methods allow researchers to visualise how air moves around the
model and to observe complex phenomena such as flow separation. These qualitative
experimental methods of visualising airflow provide a visual understanding of aerodynamic
behaviour and allow researchers to identify and analyse complex phenomena that occur around
aerodynamic models in the subsonic tunnel. By using these methods, valuable data is obtained
that can be used to improve aerodynamic design and develop advanced technologies.
Assessment of the risks of occupational injury and illness for the position of sanitar worker
Authors:   National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, Mit George , Babiş Claudiu ,   National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, Botoc Elena Anda ,   National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, Habuc Anișoara ,   National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, Dimitescu Andrei ,   National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest
Published: January 2025

This paper presents a risk assessment and action plan for the sanitation worker
position using the INCDPM method. This method prioritizes risks based on their severity and
allocates resources effectively for labor protection. For the sanitation worker position, 40 risk
factors were identified. The overall risk level calculated is 3.40, categorizing it as a job with an
acceptable risk level. The identified risk factors are broken down as follows: 35% are factors
specific to the contractor, 10% are workload-related, 30% are related to the means of
production, and 25% pertain to the work environment. This risk assessment enables a
comprehensive view of occupational safety at each workplace, facilitating preventive measures
according to Romanian and European Union health and safety legislation..
The lymphocyte levels of Hashimoto thyroiditis patients were significantly lower than that of healthy population
Authors: Xue Hui , Xu Ruyi
Published: January 2025

Background and purpose

Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT) is an autoimmune disease without infectivity. We compared the differences of blood lymphocytes levels between HT patients and healthy people.

Patients and methods

This study included a total of 84 HT patients whose thyroid function was normal and 60 HT patients with abnormal thyroid function. A corresponding number of medical examination population in our hospital were randomly selected as the control groups. White blood cell count, neutrophil count, neutrophil percentage, lymphocyte count, and lymphocyte percentage were compared between HT patients and healthy population. The correlations between TSH, FT4 and above parameters were further tested.

Results

We found significant differences between HT with normal thyroid function group and control group in lymphocyte count (P<0.001), lymphocyte percentage (P<0.001) and neutrophil percentage (P<0.001), but no differences in sex (P=0.134), age (P=0.200), white blood cell count (P=0.315) and neutrophil count (P=0.790). Significant differences were observed in neutrophil count (P=0.032), neutrophil percentage (P=0.010), lymphocyte count (P=0.010) and lymphocyte percentage (P<0.001) between HT with abnormal thyroid function group and control group, but not in sex (P=0.769), age (P=0.060) and white blood cell count (P=0.156) between the two groups. There were significant differences in white blood cell count (P=0.009) and neutrophil count (P=0.032) between HT patients in the normal thyroid function group and HT patients in the abnormal thyroid function group. Neither FT4 nor TSH was associated with lymphocyte levels or neutrophil levels.

Conclusions

The lymphocyte levels in HT patients were significantly lower than healthy population. The neutrophil count in HT patients with regular thyroid function was lower than those in abnormal thyroid function HT patients.
Research hotspots and trends in the application of electroencephalography for assessment of disorders of consciousness: a bibliometric analysis
Authors: Chen Jiawen , Shi Yanhua , Dong Zhao , Xu Feng , Zhou Mengyu , Zhu Jing , Gao Jie , Liu Su
Published: January 2025

Objective

Disorders of consciousness (DoC) result from severe traumatic brain injury and hypoxia or ischemia of brain tissues, leading to impaired perceptual abilities. Electroencephalography (EEG) is a non-invasive and widely applicable technology used for assessing DoC. We aimed to identify the research hotspots in this field through a systematic analysis.

Methods

Relevant studies published from January 1, 2004 to December 31, 2023 were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection database. The data were analyzed and visualized using CiteSpace, VOSviewer, and SCImago Graphica.

Results

In total, 1,639 relevant publications were retrieved. The country with the highest number of publications was the United States, the most productive institution was Harvard University, the journal with the highest output was Clinical Neurophysiology, and the journal with the highest total number of citations was Neurology. The author with the most publications was Steven Laureys and the most common keyword was “vegetative state.”

Conclusion

The field is undergoing rapid development, characterized by a proliferation of advanced technologies and an increased emphasis on international collaboration. The document offers an impartial perspective on the advancements of the research study for the benefit of the researchers.
A Comparative Study of Differential Quadrature Methods for METE Nanobeam Vibrations
Authors: Abdelfattah Waleed Mohammed
Published: January 2025

This study investigates the use of three different quadrature schemes, as well as an iterative quadrature methodology, to analyze vibrations in magneto-electro-thermo-elastic nanobeams. Individual MATLAB programs for each method are developed with the goal of minimizing errors in comparison to accurate findings, as well as determining the execution time for each strategy. This study shows that the Discrete Singular-Convolution Differential Quadrature Method with a Regularized Shannon Kernel (DSCDQM-RSK) and specified parameters produces the best accurate and efficient results for this particular situation. A subsequent parametric study is carried out to determine the effect of various factors on the vibrated nanobeam, including boundary conditions, material types, linear and nonlinear elastic foundation properties, nonlocal parameters, length-to-thickness ratios, external electric and magnetic potentials, axial forces, and temperature variations. Important discoveries include insights into the relationship between fundamental frequency, linear elastic foundation features, axial loads, external magnetic fields, temperature fluctuations, and material types. According to this study, these findings could be critical in the development of sophisticated nanostructures made from magneto-electro-thermo-elastic materials for use in a variety of electromechanical applications. This would entail utilizing nanobeams’ unique properties in applications such as sensors, resonators, and transducers for nanoelectronics and biology.
The Technical Development of a Prototype Lower-Limb Therapy Device for Bed-Resting Users
Authors: Fang Juan , Cerrito Adrien , Gamero Schertenleib Simón , von Raumer Patrick , Schmitt Kai-Uwe
Published: January 2025

It is generally recommended that bed-resting patients be mobilised early to promote recovery. The aim of this work was to develop and evaluate the usability of a prototype in-bed lower-limb therapy device that offers various training patterns for the feet and legs, featuring an intuitive user interface and interactive exergames. Based on clinical interviews, the user requirements for the device were determined. The therapy device consisted of two compact foot platforms with integrated electric motors and force sensors. Movement control strategies and a user interface with computer games were developed. Through a touch screen, the target force and position trajectories were defined. Using automatic position and force control algorithms, the device produced leg flexion/extension with synchronised ankle plantarflexion/dorsiflexion as well as leg pressing with adjustable resistive loading. An evaluation test on 12 able-bodied participants showed that the device produced passive (mean position control errors: 8.91 mm linearly and 1.62° in the ankle joints) and active leg training (force control error: 2.52 N). The computer games were proven to be interesting, engaging, and responsive to the training movement. It was demonstrated that the device was technically usable in terms of mechatronics, movement control, user interface, and computer games. The advancements in well-controlled movement, multi-modal training patterns, convenient operation, and intuitive feedback enable the compact therapy device to be a potential system for bed-resting users to improve physical activity and cognitive functionality.
Investigating the Power Extraction of Applying Hybrid Pitching Motion on a Wing with Leading and Trailing Flaps
Authors: Saleh Suleiman , Sohn Chang-Hyun
Published: January 2025

This research utilized a hybrid trajectory on a wing incorporating a dual flap with the goal of enhancing performance. The hybrid profiles initiate with a non-sinusoidal pattern during the interval 0.0 ≤ t/T ≤ 0.25, evolving toward a sinusoidal pattern within the range 0.25 < t/T ≤ 0.5. Similarly, the hybrid motion follows a non-sinusoidal pattern in the range 0.5 < t/T ≤ 0.75, before shifting back to a sinusoidal pattern within the range 0.75 < t/T ≤ 1.0. The effectiveness of using a hybrid trajectory on a wing with leading and trailing flaps in enhancing the energy harvesting performance is examined through numerical simulations. The results demonstrate that hybrid trajectories applied to a two-flap wing configuration outperform a single flat plate and a wing with leading and trailing flaps both operating under a sinusoidal trajectory. The wing length spans from 45% to 55%, with the leading flap length ranging from 25% to 35%. The trailing flap lengths adjust accordingly to ensure the combined total matches the flat plate’s full length, which is 100%. The wing pitch angle was fixed at 85° while the leading flap’s pitch angle varied between 40° and 55° and the pitch angle of the trailing flap ranged from 0° to 20°. The findings reveal that utilizing hybrid motion on a wing fitted with leading and trailing flaps notably improves power output in comparison to configurations with either one plate or three plates. The power output is achieved at particular dimensions: a leading flap length of 30%, a wing length of 55%, and a trailing flap length of 15%. The corresponding pitch angles are 50° for the leading flap, 85° for the wing, and 10° for the trailing flap. The aforementioned configuration results in a 34.06% increase in output power in comparison to one plate. The maximum efficiency for this setup reaches 44.21%. This underscores the superior performance of hybrid trajectories over sinusoidal trajectories in enhancing energy extraction performance.
Discrete Element-Based Design of a High-Speed Rotary Tiller for Saline-Alkali Land and Verification of Optimal Tillage Parameters
Authors: Zheng Shuai , Lu Tong , Liu Jie , Tian Yu , Han Miaomiao , Tai Muhao , Gao Shuqi , Liu Tao , Wang Dongwei , Zhao Zhuang
Published: January 2025

Aiming at the saline soil in Binhai New Area, which is solid and sclerotic, and addressing the problem of poor quality and low efficiency of traditional rotary tillage, this research designed a high-speed rotary tiller that can realize the high-speed rotation of knife rollers to cut. The average operating speed is higher than that of the ordinary rotary tiller. We analyzed the rotary tiller operating conditions and rotary tiller knife cutting process and conducted a movement trajectory theoretical analysis to determine the rotary tiller’s high-speed operating speed relationship. The working process of a high-speed rotary tiller was simulated using EDEM software. The experimental indicators included the soil-crushing rate and surface smoothness after tilling. The experimental factors included the forward speed of the machine, the rotational speed of the blade roller, and the tilling depth. An orthogonal experiment was performed to establish regression equations for the soil-crushing rate and surface smoothness. Using Design-Expert analysis software, we obtained the following optimal combination of parameters: a knife roller speed at 310 r/min, tillage depth of 13.2 cm, and machine forward speed of 4.8 km/h. At this time, the simulation values of the soil fragmentation rate and surface flatness were 90.6% and 18.2 mm, respectively. When determining the optimal knife roller speed of 310 r/min, a transient structural simulation under the mesh bevel gear transient was conducted. The simulation analysis showed that the maximum equivalent stress value was 584.57 MPa, which was smaller than the permissible stress of 695.8 MPa, meeting the bevel gear meshing strength requirements. Under the optimal combination determined by a field comparison test, the results show that the values of the high-speed rotary tiller operation after the soil-breaking rate, tillage depth, the tillage depth stability coefficient, and vegetation cover were 89.3%, 14.2 cm, 92.8%, and 90.3%. The land surface flatness was 16.4 mm, which is superior to the ordinary rotary tiller operation effects, meeting the agronomic requirements for pre-sowing land preparation for peanuts in the saline land of Binhai New Area.