bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PERENCANAAN STRUKTUR ASRAMA LAKI – LAKI PESANTREN UKHUWAH TABEK GADANG KOTA BUKITTINGGI
Authors: Arif Budiman Ramanda , Kurniawan Deddy , Bastian Elfania
Published: June 2023

Asrama pesantren dibangun sebagai penunjang proses belajar bagi para penghuni pesantren yang menempuh pendidikan, dimana pendidikan merupakan salah satu aspek terpenting dalam kehidupan, maka dari itu Pesantren Tabek Gadang di Kota Bukittinggi membutuhkan sebuah asrama yang memadai dari segi keamanan dan kenyamanan seiring dengan banyaknya masyarakat yang mulai sadar bahwa pentingnya pendidikan berbasis dan berlandasan  keagamaan. Maka dari itu banyak masyarakat dari luar dari Kota Bukittinggi maupun dari luar provinsi berbondong – bondong untuk memasuki pesantren. Kualitas  pendidikan Kota Bukittinggi terbilang cukup baik dan merata Kota Bukittinggi merupakan daerah rawan gempa yang berada pada zona gempa sehingga perencanaannya membutuhkan struktur yang kuat dan kokoh. Penulis merencanakan gedung asrama Pesantren Tabek Gadang Kota Bukittinggi untuk memenuhi aspek aspek tersebut. Gedung ini berukuran 20 x 12 m dan memiliki 3 lantai.  Dari hasil perhitungan analisis penulis menggunakan material mutu baja fy = 420 MPa dan mutu beton f’c = 24 MPa didapat hasil penulangan pelat untuk arah x = Ǿ16 – 400 dan y = Ǿ16 – 400, untuk penulangan kolom 50cm x 50cm dipakai tulangan 20 D16, sedangkan balok memakai ukuran 25cm x 50cm. Kata kunci : : Asrama, Pesantren, Struktur, Gedung, Perencanaan
PERENCANAAN SALURAN DRAINASE JALAN BY PASS SIMPANG TALUAK KE SIMPANG ISTANA MIE
Authors: Ariska Nova , Masril Masril , Susanti Yusman Ana
Published: June 2023

Banjir dan genangan sering menjadi permasalahan yang serius. Salah satunya yang terjadi di Jalan By Pass simpang Taluak Ke Simpang Istana Mie. Pada penelitian ini akan mengkaji tentang permasalahan saluran drainase yang meliputi desain saluran drainase, kapasitas tampungan saluran yang tidak mampu menampung air hujan sehingga menyebabkan banjir yang mengganggu aktifitas masyarakat serta arus lalu lintas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kinerja seistem drainase di Jalan By Pass simpang Taluak Ke Simpang Istana Mie. Untuk menghitung intensitas hujan digunakan rumus Mononobe dengan kala ulang tertentu. Curah hujan rancangan dihitung dengan metode Log Pearson Type III dan Gumbel. Berdasarkan perhitungan dan kondisi ekisting dilapangan diperoleh hasil, bahwa saluran drainase di Jalan By Pass simpang Taluak Ke Simpang Istana Mie tidak mampu menampung debit air kala ulang 10 dan 25 tahun . Untuk itu di rencanakan saluran penampang dengan ukuran 1,20 x 1,70m, sehingga didapat debit saluran rencana dengan Q 2,818 m3/det. Dari hasil analisa yang dilakukan maka dapat disimpulkan saluran yang direncanakan dapat menampung debit banjir rancangan periode ulang 2th, 5th, 10th dan 25 tahun, dengan perbandingan Q saluran rencana > Q periode ulang. Kata kunci : Perencanaan drainase,debit air buangan, debit banjir rencana,curah hujan
ANALISIS RASIO TULANGAN KOLOM PERSEGI MENGGUNAKAN APLIKASI VISUAL BASIC 6.0
Authors: Hafid Adrian , Masril Masril , Bastian Elfania
Published: June 2023

Perhitungan manual kolom memerlukan banyak waktu dan ketelitian yang tinggi maka perhitungan manual kurang efisien. Microsof visual basic merupakansebuah bahasa pemograman yang komputer. Bahasa pemograman visual basic, yang dikembangkan oleh Microsof BASIC (Beginer’s All-purpose Symbol Instruction Code) yang dikembangkan pada era 1950-an.Visual basic merupakan salah satuDevelopmentTool yaitu alat bantu untuk membuat berbagai macam program komputer, khususnya yang menggunakan sistem operasi windows. Maka dalam jurnal  ini akan dikembangkan program bantu Teknik Sipil serupa yang sederhana dan dikhususkan untuk mencari rasio tulangan  pada kolom, khusus kolom berpenampang persegi. Penggunaan rumus-rumus yang ada pada Peraturan Standar Nasional Indonesia serta peraturan yang berlaku lainnya. Dalam pembuatan program ini, hasil akhirnya dari program  atau output dalam bentuk perbandingan data umum yaitu Pu dan Mu dengan hasil  14Ï†Pn">  dan MR. Perhitungan rasio tulangan kolom yang akan diinput dalam pemograman visual basic 6.0 membutuhkan beban ultimate (Mu) dan beban aksial (Pu) yang digunakan untuk mencari 14Ï†Pn">  dan MR jika hasil dari 14Ï†Pn">  besar dari Pu dan hasil MR lebih besar MU maka kolom yang dianalisa aman atau memenuhi  untuk digunakan pada bangunan. Kata Kunci:Visual Basic 6.0, Rasio Tulangan Kolom
ANALISIS FAKTOR PENYEBAB KECELAKAAN LALU LINTAS SUMATERA CENGKEH KM 35 KECAMATAN PANTI KABUPATEN PASAMAN
Authors: Hariyedi Raja Tre , Ishak Ishak , Dewi Selpa
Published: June 2023

Pada jalan lintas Sumatera, Cengkeh KM 35, Kecamatan Panti, Kabupaten Pasaman dapat kita jumpai kerusakan badan jalan yang cukup parah yaitu tidak ratanya permukaan jalan, dan jalan yang berlubang sehingga terjadinya kecelakaan. Data sekunder didapat dari Polres Kabupaten Pasaman yaitu data jumlah kecelakaan tahun 2017-2021. Dari hasil analisis faktor-faktor penyebab kecelakaan diperoleh oleh faktor manusia dalam kategori tertinggi dengan persentase rata-rata 100% dan tingkat kecelakaan tertinggi terjadi pada tahun 2018 dan tahun 2019, yaitu sebanyak 6 kasus kecelakaan. Dan dari hasil One Way-Anova didapat hasil jumlah korban meninggal dunia dengan hasil signifikansi 0.867 apabila > 0.005 artinya Ho diterima karena tidak ada pengaruh antara satu variabel independen terhadap variabel independen. Hasil jumlah kecelakaan berdasarkan data pertahun dengan hasil signifikansi 0,282 apabila < 0.005 artinya Ho ditolak artinya terdapat pengaruh antara satu variabel independen terhadap variabel dependen. Hasil Jumlah kecelakaan berdasarkan hari terjadinya kecelakaan dengan hasil signifikasi 0.861 apabila > 0.005 artinya  Ho diterima karena tidak ada pengaruh antara satu variabel independen terhadap variabel independen. Hasil jumlah luka ringan dengan hasil signifikansi 0.000 apabila < 0.0005 artinya Ho ditolak artinya terdapat pengaruh antara satu variabel independen terhadap variabel dependen. Penanganan dan kesadaran manusia sebagai pengemudi maupun pejalan kaki perlu ditingkatkan.Kata Kunci : Kecelakaan Lalu Lintas, Faktor Kecelakan, One Way-Anova
IMPLEMENTASI SISTIM MANAJEMEN KESELAMATAN DAN KESEHATAN KERJA (SMK3) DI PROYEK KONSTRUKSI GEDUNG OLEH PELAKSANA JASA KONSTRUKSI DI KOTA SOLOK TAHUN 2021
Authors: Risnaldi Reri , Masril Masril , Yermadona Helga
Published: June 2023

Abstract: In construction projects, it is hoped that there will be zero accidents, this can be implemented properly if 6 (six) key elements for the successful implementation of the Occupational Safety and Health Management System (K3), namely K3 policy, planning, implementation and operation, inspection and corrective action , management review and continuous improvement, well executed. This research is a quantitative research using descriptive analysis. Data was collected using a questionnaire in the form of interviews and field observations. The research was conducted in the Solok City building project. The results of research on construction projects by Construction Service Executors in Solok City (60.00%). Of the three parameters, namely knowledge, ability and willingness, the good parameters are only knowledge (57%), ability parameters (53.5%) and willingness parameters (56.7%). From the results of the research, it is suggested that every construction service provider must carry out their duties and authorities as stated in PermenPU Number 5/PRT/M/2014 concerning Guidelines for the Occupational Safety and Health Management System (SMK3) for Construction in the Public Works Sector.Keywords: Knowledge, Ability and Willingness of Implementation of SMK3, Implementing Construction Services.
EVALUASI SALURAN DRAINASE PRIMER JALAN SUDIRMAN SAMPAI JALAN PEMUDA KOTA BUKITTINGGI
Authors: Apahdil Febrik , Masril Masril , Kurniawan Deddy
Published: June 2023

Abstrak:Banjir yang sering terjadi di kota Bukittinggi umumnya disebabkan oleh tingginya curah hujan dan intensitas yang lama sehingga saluran drainase yang ada tidak mampu mengalirkan air. Daerah Birugo, Belakang Balok dan Pasar Bawah merupakan daerah yang sering mengalami banjir saat musim hujan. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengevaluasi kapasitas saluran drainase pada daerah Birugo, Belakang Balok dan Pasar Bawah. Manfaat penelitian ini untuk memprediksi banjir-banjir yang akan datang dan memberi masukan dalam upaya pengendalian banjir. Metode perhitungan frekuensi curah hujan yang digunakan adalah metode Gumbel yang didasari dari hasil pemilihan distribusi. Penelitian ini menggunakan aplikasi model EPA SWMM 5.1 untuk menganalisis jaringan drainase yang ada. Kemudian memodelkan peta daerah pengalirannya sehingga kemudian dapat dievaluasi menggunakan debit rencana curah hujan. Berdasarkan hasil simulasi yang telah dilakukan dengan analisis periode ulang 2 dan 5 tahun didapatkan sebanyak 3 titik persimpangan saluran (junction) yang sama-sama mengalami limpasan. Dimana titik J22 menjadi titik dengan debit aliran terbesar yaitu 1,57 m3/s pada periode ulang lima tahun. Dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa titik sambungan yang mengalami limpasan disebabkan oleh elevasi yang rendah dan dimensi saluran drainase yang tidak memadai.Kata kunci : Curah Hujan Rencana, Drainase, EPA SWMM 5.1, Limpasan, Hyetograph
Feelings and Facts: Agency in Northern Irish Cinema
Authors: Carlsten Jennie
Published: June 2023

Northern Irish cinema has long had an ambivalent relationship to the representation of history, sometimes implicitly rejecting ‘rational’ or ‘objective’ approaches in favour of emphasising the untidy and subjective emotions of its historical narratives. More recently, the films made in and about Northern Ireland have reflected a loss of agency, in particular, the sense of efficacy, locus of control and prospection which creates a belief in our ability to change our environment. Meanwhile, neoliberalism, placing the responsibility for recovery on the individual while removing systems of economic, social and cultural support, creates the conditions under which this loss of agency becomes crisis. The promotion of individual interest obstructs collective political action and progressive change. This article considers the representation of agency in two recent films about the Troubles, Belfast (2022) and I Am Belfast (2015), suggesting that film can – but does not necessarily – offer a space for emotional reflection and restoration of agency.
Confident Rogue and Anguished Conformist: The Career Paths of Northern Irish Actors Liam Neeson and James Nesbitt
Authors: McIlroy Brian
Published: June 2023

Northern Ireland has been the birthplace of many accomplished and sometimes famous actors for the stage, television and film. While academic star study has often looked for its models in Hollywood and Bollywood, charting how studios and agents shaped the personas of their major talent, successful contemporary actors must eventually choose roles that develop their craft and career with the knowledge that they are actually building a reputation and a future perception of themselves. Due to Northern Ireland’s contested status, home-grown actors also know that their appearance in Irish material can be highly charged and involve an element of imported ‘Northern Irishness’. Building on previous work by Richard Dyer and Dana Polan on stars, and Ruth Barton and Heather Sutherland on Irish actors, I trace the career trajectories of Liam Neeson and James Nesbitt, a Catholic and Protestant, who happened to be both born in or near Ballymena, and who famously starred together in the post-Good Friday Agreement film Five Minutes of Heaven (2009). Whereas Neeson has transferred his ‘Northern Irishness’ often seamlessly to Hollywood needs and demands, Nesbitt provides a more grounded Northern Irish example of success in mainly British television.
Draft Regulation of the European Union about artificial intelligence and related initiatives
Authors: Shevchuk Volodymyr
Published: June 2023

The article generally examines the project of the European Law on Artificial Intelligence (hereinafter the European Law on Artificial Intelligence — EAIA, and artificial intelligence — AI), developed by the European Commission, which is part of the AI package presented by the European Commission, which additionally includes the European Commission's message on promoting a European approach to AI; revision of the coordinated plan with AI (with EU member states); appropriate assessment of the impact of the project of the EAIA. Such an AI package defines the European approach to the regulation of AI in the European Union. An overview of the main amendments to such a project by the Council of Europe is also presented. The tools designed to facilitate the application of the future EAIA are also analyzed and briefly described. Thus, a review of the model law on artificial intelligence was carried out, which contains original provisions on the regulation of AI, and also suggests to interested persons to use the provisions of both the EAIA and other existing legal acts of other countries, the purpose of which is to make it easier for other countries to develop own laws regarding artificial intelligence. The model of compliance of AI systems with such a law is important from the point of view of applying the provisions of the future EAIA. This aspect provides a general characterization of such a model, the main purpose of which is to serve as a management tool that ensures and demonstrates that the development and operation of an AI system is trustworthy i.e. compliant with legislation, ethically reasoned and technically reliable and therefore compliant with the EAIA. Since the market for the use of AI systems isalready operational, it is important from the point of view of guarantees, legal compliance and liability for the damage caused to develop appropriate standard contractual terms. Thus, this article examines the standard conditions of such contracts, which are already used in some European countries, namely in the city of Amsterdam (Netherlands), as well as trends in the development of a standard contract for the purchase of AI systems by state bodies.
Contamination of Bacillus cereus in Foods Sold at Ramadan Bazaar in Kuching, Sarawak
Authors: NURUL AZYLA AZMI  , SHARIFAH AMINAH SYED MOHAMAD  , ABU MUSLIM AHMAD  , NAJIHAH MOHD SANI  , SITI ROHA AB MUTALIB  , FAZDLINA SAPEE
Published: June 2023

Every year there are reports of food poisoning involving food sold at the Ramadan bazaar and one of the causes of food poisoning is Bacillus cereus. This study aimed to determine the contamination level of B. cereus and the antimicrobial susceptibility profile of the isolates in food sold at Ramadan bazaar in Kuching, Sarawak. A total of 155 samples from five food categories were collected from six Ramadan bazaars in three locations around Kuching. Overall, 32 (21%) food samples were found positive for B. cereus. Cooked rice showed the least satisfactory levels of B. cereus among the food categories and nasi lemak was the type of food that highly contaminated with B. cereus. Antibiotic susceptibility assessment showed that B. cereus isolates were highly resistant to ampicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanic, penicillin and cefotaxime in this study. The findings of this study showed that B. cereus has the potential to cause food poisoning to Ramadan bazaar consumers due to the high mean count in some types of food. Therefore, this study can be used as basic data for B. cereus control measures in food sold at the Ramadan bazaar.
Morphological and Physiological Development of Pyricularia oryzae Isolates from North-western Region of Sarawak on Different Media under Laboratory Conditions
Authors: ELISSA STELLA RAFAEL  , YEO FREDDY KUOK SAN  , NOR AIN HUSSIN  , VU THANH TU ANH  , ANG POH SIM  , EWE ZHANG HUA  , LAI LEE SAN
Published: June 2023

Rice blast (causal agent: Pyricularia oryzae) is an important disease of rice in Sarawak. Understanding the pathogen’s morphological characteristics, genetic diversity and pathogenicity is important. Having a suitable medium for culturing and maintaining P. oryzae is important to ensure the availability of inoculum or materials under laboratory conditions. Oatmeal agar (OMA) and potato dextrose agar (PDA) are common media used for growing P. oryzae. OMA allows better mycelial growth and better sporulation as compared to PDA. There are also other alternatives such as fresh rice leaf agar and rice straw agar. Although OMA seems to be the best medium, unfortunately the opaqueness of the medium causes difficulty in observing the morphology and growth of mycelia. In addition, it is known that different isolates of P. oryzae will respond differently to different media. This study aims to identify the best media for culturing and maintaining P. oryzae isolates from Sarawak. A total of 14 P. oryzae isolates were characterised for their morphological characteristics, growth rate and sporulation rate using seven growing media. These 14 isolates included seven newly identified isolates in this study and seven isolates from a previous study, which were verified using internal transcribed spacer DNA sequence. The colony surface of the 14 P. oryzae isolates varied on different growing media. The pigmentation of colony surface varied from different shades of grey, translucent light brown, white and colourless. Pyricularia oryzae isolates grew better on OMA and PDA, while OMA was the best for sporulation. These two media can be recommended for culturing and maintaining different P. oryzae isolates under laboratory conditions.
ENHANCEMENT OF SLOW SHUTTER TECHNIQUE THROUGH A STRUCTURED EXPERIMENTAL CREATION OF LIGHT TOOLS
Authors: Mohd Herrow Mohd Firdaus , Sahalan Shahirman , Hatta Md Hani Mohd
Published: June 2023

This experimental research aims to create, modify, and combine existing light technology to produce artworks and images. Choosing appropriate light tools is crucial as each has its own strengths and weaknesses, which must be considered in line with the assignments or concepts. The research employs interviews, questionnaires, and experimentation to develop advanced photography techniques capable of revealing unknown scientific elements. The findings reveal six (6) interrelated categories that distinguish the light tools: brightness, colour, contrast, space, length, and power. The documented experiment on artificial light in producing light tools is key to these findings. This research contributes to the advancement of photography techniques and inspires readers to witness the resulting images based on creative ideas.
EMBRACING TRADITIONS AND INNOVATIONS OF SUIXI LION HEADS IN LION DANCE PERFORMANCES IN CHINA
Authors: Zhan Sudan , Wan Abdullah Thani Wan Jamarul Imran
Published: June 2023

This study investigates the incorporation of traditions and innovations in the use of Suixi Lion Heads in lion dance performances in China. Suixi Lion Heads are a form of folk art that has been passed down through generations, and their design incorporates new elements while still maintaining their traditional essence. Through an analysis of the visual symbols and production process of Suixi Lion Heads, this study explores how the balance between tradition and innovation has contributed to their popularity and success in lion dance performances. The simplified production process of Suixi Lion Heads allows for faster and more cost-effective production, resulting in streamlined designs that are better suited to contemporary aesthetics and market demands. Furthermore, this study highlights the importance of promoting and developing Suixi Lion Head culture through lion dance performances, which can facilitate the preservation and evolution of the tradition. By embracing both traditions and innovations, Suixi Lion Heads continue to play a vital role in the cultural heritage of China, providing a link between the past and the present in lion dance performances.
GRAMMATICAL, DISCOURSE COMPETENCE AND PRODUCTIVE SKILLS AMONG FIRST YEAR ESL LEARNERS
Authors: Lavadia Michael
Published: June 2023

The study examines the grammatical, discourse, and productive competence of first-year ESL students enrolled in the College of Arts and Sciences at the Carig Campus of Cagayan State University in the second semester of the academic year 2021. It looked specifically at respondent profile factors like sex, parents` highest level of education, the type of high school they graduated from, ethnicity, and media exposure that may help explain differences in the student-respondents' levels of grammatical and discourse competence, writing and speaking skills. According to the study's findings, the respondents' overall grammatical and discourse competence was graded as "average," their overall speaking ability as "competent," and their writing ability as "sufficient to good." Furthermore, a substantial correlation between grammatical and discourse competence and the respondents' parental education and media exposure was discovered. Speaking skill differences were only accounted by the course, whereas writing skill variants were not explained by any profile variables. The findings also reveal that whereas discourse competence is highly connected with speaking and writing skill, grammatical competence is significantly correlated with writing skill.
A Book Review on Knowledge, Tradition and Civilization: Essays in Honour of Professor Osman Bakar
Authors: Masri Mohd Shazani
Published: June 2023

Summary:

This book, a collection of essays honoring Muslim scholar-activist Osman Bakar, edited by Khairudin Aljunied, highlights Bakar's contributions to Islamic studies. Featuring renowned scholars and activists, the volume covers two main themes: "The Production and Problem of Knowledge" and "Civilizational Unity and Renewal." The book provides a comprehensive introduction to Bakar's work but omits aspects of his political thought and sacred studies. Furthermore, his activist side is not given enough attention. Despite these shortcomings, the book is a must-read for those seeking to understand Bakar's thoughts, as his ideas offer valuable insights for the study of knowledge, tradition, and civilization in the Islamic world and the region of Borneo.
ANALISIS PERHITUNGAN KEBUTUHAN BELERANG DAN GAS SO2 PADA ALAT TOWER SULFITASI NIRA KENTAL DENGAN KAPASITAS GILING 7800 TCD
Authors: Amilatun Nur Rokhimah  , Sigit Hadiantoro  , Duta Widya Nur Huda
Published: June 2023

Proses sulfitasi pada pabrik gula merupakan salah satu kunci keberhasilan pabrik gula kristal putih untuk mencapai kualitas gula yang baik dengan mengendalikan kebutuhan belerang dan gas SO2 pada proses bleaching di tower sulfitasi nira kental. Tower Sulfitasi nira kental berfungsi sebagai tempat mereaksikan antara nira dengan gas SO2 dengan tambahan susu kapur sebagai bahan pemurni. Data-data yang dianalisis dari perhitungan didapatkan dari PG Krebet Baru II.  Saat ini PG Krebet Baru II memiliki kapasitas giling 5500 TCD dengan menggunakan belerang sebanyak 55 kg/100ton tebu dan kebutuhan gas SO2 sebanyak 2017 kg/hari. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk menghitung kebutuhan belerang dan gas SO2 pada alat tower sulfitasi nira kental pada proses bleaching dengan kapasitas giling 7800 TCD sebagai pembanding jika kapasitas giling berbeda namun kapasitas alat yang sama dihasilkan berapa jumlah kebutuhan gas SO2 dan belerang. Metode perhitungan yang digunakan yaitu pengumpulan data, reaksi proses sulfitasi, perhitungan manual menggunakan Microsoft Excel. Hasil perhitungan didapatkan kebutuhan belerang sebanyak 57 kg/100ton tebu dan kebutuhan gas SO2 sebanyak 2942 kg/hari. Berdasarkan perhitungan tersebut kebutuhan belerang dan gas SO2 pada kapasitas giling yang sama namun kapasitas alat sama tidak mengalami perubahan yang signifikan.
Case Report: Bilateral globus pallidum internus DBS for treating tremor and dystonia in spinocerebellar ataxia 17: a thirteen-year follow-up
Authors: Wagle Shukla Aparna , Chitnis Shilpa , Malaty Irene A. , Zeilman Pam
Published: June 2023

Background: Spinocerebellar ataxia 17 (SCA17) is a rare autosomal dominant trinucleotide disorder. There are no effective therapies for addressing the clinical symptoms of SCA17.

Case report: We describe a 46-year-old male who presented with symptoms of generalized dystonia and focal arm tremors manifesting during adolescence. He underwent bilateral globus pallidus (GPi) DBS surgery that led to notable improvements in dystonia and tremor symptoms, impacting his quality of life. At the time of surgery, he did not show cerebellar ataxia features; however, these began to manifest 2 years after DBS surgery. He subsequently underwent genetic testing that confirmed the SCA17 diagnosis. Currently, at 13 years of follow-up, although the ataxia has continued to worsen, DBS therapy has led to persistent improvements in dystonia, tremor, and many aspects of quality of life.

Discussion: The current case indicates that DBS is a promising symptomatic therapy for dystonia and tremor in SCA17.
Fusing time-varying mosquito data and continuous mosquito population dynamics models
Authors: Mancuso Marina , Martinez Kaitlyn M. , Manore Carrie A. , Milner Fabio A. , Barnard Martha , Godinez Humberto
Published: June 2023

Climate change is arguably one of the most pressing issues affecting the world today and requires the fusion of disparate data streams to accurately model its impacts. Mosquito populations respond to temperature and precipitation in a nonlinear way, making predicting climate impacts on mosquito-borne diseases an ongoing challenge. Data-driven approaches for accurately modeling mosquito populations are needed for predicting mosquito-borne disease risk under climate change scenarios. Many current models for disease transmission are continuous and autonomous, while mosquito data is discrete and varies both within and between seasons. This study uses an optimization framework to fit a non-autonomous logistic model with periodic net growth rate and carrying capacity parameters for 15 years of daily mosquito time-series data from the Greater Toronto Area of Canada. The resulting parameters accurately capture the inter-annual and intra-seasonal variability of mosquito populations within a single geographic region, and a variance-based sensitivity analysis highlights the influence each parameter has on the peak magnitude and timing of the mosquito season. This method can easily extend to other geographic regions and be integrated into a larger disease transmission model. This method addresses the ongoing challenges of data and model fusion by serving as a link between discrete time-series data and continuous differential equations for mosquito-borne epidemiology models.
The non-invasive evaluation technique of patellofemoral joint stress: a systematic literature review
Authors: Wang Baofeng , Mao Zheng , Guo Jiaming , Yang Jin , Zhang Shengnian
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Patellofemoral joint stress (PFJS) is an important parameter for understanding the mechanism of patellofemoral joint pain, preventing patellofemoral joint injury, and evaluating the therapeutic efficacy of PFP rehabilitation programs. The purpose of this systematic review was to identify and categorize the non-invasive technique to evaluate the PFJS.

Methods: Literature searches were conducted from January 2000 to October 2022 in electronic databases, namely, PubMed, Web of Science, and EBSCO (Medline, SPORTDiscus). This review includes studies that evaluated the patellofemoral joint reaction force (PJRF) or PFJS, with participants including both healthy individuals and those with patellofemoral joint pain, as well as cadavers with no organic changes. The study design includes cross-sectional studies, case-control studies, and randomized controlled trials. The JBI quality appraisal criteria tool was used to assess the risk of bias in the included studies.

Results: In total, 5016 articles were identified in the database research and the citation network, and 69 studies were included in the review.

Discussion: Researchers are still working to improve the accuracy of evaluation for PFJS by using a personalized model and optimizing quadriceps muscle strength calculations. In theory, the evaluation method of combining advanced computational and biplane fluoroscopy techniques has high accuracy in evaluating PFJS. The method should be further developed to establish the “gold standard” for PFJS evaluation. In practical applications, selecting appropriate methods and approaches based on theoretical considerations and ecological validity is essential.
Prevalence of mpox viral DNA in cutaneous specimens of monkeypox-infected patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Rani Isha , Goyal Anmol , Shamim Muhammad Aaqib , Satapathy Prakasini , Pal Amit , Squitti Rosanna , Goswami Kalyan , Sah Ranjit , Barboza Joshuan J. , Padhi Bijaya K.
Published: June 2023

Background

Human monkeypox (mpox) disease is a multicountry outbreak driven by human–human transmission which has resulted in an international public health emergency. However, there is limited evidence on the positivity rate of skin lesions for mpox viral DNA. We aim to fill this gap by estimating the pooled positivity rate of skin samples with mpox viral DNA from mpox patients globally.

Methods

In this systematic review and meta-analysis, seven databases and several preprint servers have been extensively searched until 17 January 2023 according to a prospectively registered protocol (PROSPERO: CRD42023392505). Articles including the positivity rate of skin samples with mpox viral DNA in mpox-confirmed patients were considered eligible. After a quality assessment, a random-effect meta-analysis was used for pooled prevalence. To explore and resolve heterogeneity, we used statistical methods for outlier detection, influence analysis, and sensitivity analysis.

Findings

Among the 331 articles retrieved after deduplication, 14 studies were finally included. The pooled positivity rate of the skin samples was 98.77% (95% CI: 94.74%–99.72%). After the removal of an influential outlier, I2 for heterogeneity dropped from 92.5% to 10.8%. Meta-regression did not reveal any significant moderator.

Conclusion/interpretation

The present findings reinforce that skin lesions act as a reservoir of mpox viral DNA and contribute to a high infectivity risk. This may be a prevailing basis of prompt transmission during the current multicountry outbreak and also needs further investigation. The present imperative outcome may benefit in producing valuable preventive and management procedures in an appropriate health strategy.
Trends in the prevalence of elevated cardiovascular risk and the control of its risk factors Among US adults, 2001–2020
Authors: Huang Haitao , Liu Jianhong , Liang Xiao , Fang Lingyan , Yang Chenhui , Ke Kangling , Bai Hemanyun , Xu Weize , Li Weiyan , Meng Fanji , Chen Can
Published: June 2023

Background

An accurate assessment of current trends in cardiovascular risks could inform public health policy. This study aims to determine 20-year trends in the prevalence of elevated cardiovascular risk and its risk factors' control among US adults.

Methods

In this serial cross-sectional analysis of 23,594 adults, aged 40–79 years, without clinical atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2001 to 2020, we calculated the prevalence of elevated cardiovascular risk (10-year ASCVD risk ≥ 7.5%) for all participants and subgroups with their risk factors controlled for diabetes, hypertension, or dyslipidemia.

Results

The age- and sex-adjusted prevalence of elevated cardiovascular risk slightly decreased from 41.5% (95% CI, 39.7–43.3%) in 2001–2004 to 38.6% (95% CI, 36.1–41.1%) in 2017–2020 (P for trend = 0.169) while the respective sex-adjusted prevalence significantly increased from 34.4% (95% CI, 32.8–36.0%) to 39.5% (95% CI, 37.0–42.0%; P for trend <0.001). Sex and race continued to show disparities in cardiovascular risk. Furthermore, a worsening disparity in age- and sex-adjusted prevalence of elevated cardiovascular risk between young and old and a narrowing gap among different education and poverty index levels (all P trend for interaction <0.05). Differential decomposition analysis found that demographic changes (primarily population aging) led to an 8.8% increase in the prevalence of elevated cardiovascular risk from 2001 to 2004 to 2017–2020, while risk factor control led to a 3.8% decrease. The rate of individuals receiving treatment for diabetes, hypertension, or dyslipidemia increased significantly between 2001 and 2020 (all P for trend <0.05). The rate of participants with hypertension who achieved blood pressure under 130/80 mmHg and those with dyslipidemia who achieved a non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level under 130 mg/dl increased significantly (all P for trend <0.001).

Conclusions

There is a slight reduction in the prevalence of age- and sex-adjusted elevated cardiovascular risk among US adults without clinical ASCVD between 2001 and 2020, while the sex-adjusted prevalence significantly increased. The decrease in elevated cardiovascular risk prevalence was mainly attributed to risk factor control, while demographic changes contributed to an increase.
Experimental renal transplantation in rats improves cardiac dysfunction caused by chronic kidney disease while LVH persists
Authors: Hagmayer Linda , Mayer Christina , Ebert Nadja , Amann Kerstin , Daniel Christoph
Published: June 2023

Background

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) causes congestive heart failure (CHF) with systolic dysfunction and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), which is a major contributor to increased mortality in CKD patients. It remains unclear whether cardiovascular changes that occur during the course of CKD can be reversed when renal function is restored by transplantation.

Methods

To investigate this, chronic kidney disease was established in F344 rats by subtotal nephrectomy (SNx) for 8 weeks, followed by transplantation of a functional kidney from an isogenic F344 donor. SNx rats without transplantation and sham-operated animals served as controls. Renal function was assessed before and throughout the experiment. In addition, cardiac ultrasound was performed at weeks 0, 8, 12 and 16. At the end of the experiment, intra-arterial blood pressure was measured and kidneys and hearts were histologically and molecularly examined.

Results

Eight weeks after SNx, rats developed marked renal dysfunction associated with significant glomerulosclerosis and tubulointerstitial fibrosis, but also an increase in left ventricular mass. After transplantation, renal function normalized but relative heart weight and ventricular mass as assessed by ultrasound scans showed no reduction compared with SNx controls. However, left ventricular wall thickness, fractional shortening and ejection fraction was normalized by renal transplantation. At 8 weeks after kidney transplantation, cardiac expression of BNP and FGF23 was also at levels comparable to healthy controls, whereas these factors were significantly increased in SNx rats. Cardiac fibrosis, as measured by fibronectin mRNA expression, was completely normalized, whereas cardiac fibronectin protein was still slightly but not significantly increased in transplanted animals compared to controls. In addition, the myofibroblast marker collagen 1, as assessed by immunohistochemistry, was significantly increased in SNx rats and also normalized by renal transplantation. Interestingly, CD68+ macrophages were significantly reduced in the hearts of SNx rats and in transplanted animals at slightly higher levels compared to controls.

Conclusion

Restoration of renal function by kidney transplantation normalized early cardiac changes at most functional and molecular levels, but did not completely reverse LVH. However, further studies are needed to determine whether restoration of renal function can also reverse LVH at a later time point.
Humanizing STEM education through student-faculty pedagogical partnerships
Authors: Cook-Sather Alison , Salmeron Diana , Smith Theodore
Published: June 2023

STEM culture has consistently been characterized as exclusionary of a diversity of student identities, experiences, and voices. Through such exclusive and inequitable practices, STEM education dehumanizes. A growing body of scholarship documents ways in which student-faculty pedagogical partnership can support the creation of more equitable and inclusive practices. The research question we addressed is: How do faculty and student partners experience, perceive, and act on the potential of student-faculty pedagogical partnership to humanize STEM education? Combining aspects of a scoping review and reflexive thematic analysis, we analyzed 32 publications focused on pedagogical partnership in STEM in the arenas of learning, teaching, and assessment or curriculum design and pedagogic consultancy with student partners in the liminal role of pedagogical co-designer or consultant. Our review, informed by the experiences as well as the perspectives of the student co-authors, revealed five key findings about the aspects of pedagogical partnerships that contribute to humanizing STEM education. First, pedagogical partnerships give faculty access to students’ perspectives and humanity. Second, they support faculty in being, and being perceived as, more fully human. Third, they provide dedicated space and time to develop equitable approaches. Fourth, they support the enactment of equitable teaching. Fifth, they foster a sense of mattering, belonging, and agency in students. Drawing on these findings, we develop four recommendations for those interested in embracing partnership to humanize STEM education. The first is to create roles and support structures for facilitating genuine engagement across positions and perspectives. The second is to position underrepresented student partners to effect a culture shift. The third is to embrace non-STEM student partners’ contributions to humanizing STEM education. The fourth is to recognize this work as ongoing. Together, these findings and recommendations address calls to contribute to renewed and sustained attention to student experiences in relation to instructor values, dispositions, and positionalities. In addition, they reject harmful ideologies and practices that exclude a spectrum of identities, viewpoints, and values. Finally, they contribute to the creation of context-sensitive, inclusive, equitable, and empowering educational experiences for all students.
A global matchmaking web platform facilitating equitable institutional partnerships and mentorship to strengthen health workforce training capacity
Authors: Dykens J. Andrew , Martin Keith , Kiguli-Malwadde Elsie , Kupfer Linda , Chen Zhuo (Adam) , Reynolds Nancy R. , Behere Aniruddh , Bhattarai Suraj , Peterson Caryn E. , Weine Stevan Merill
Published: June 2023

The critical human resources deficit in the healthcare sector in low-resource settings (LRS) has an overwhelming impact on health outcomes and disparities in growth and development of the global healthcare workforce. There is a lack of qualified trainers and mentors and this makes it challenging to connect existing capacity gaps with existing expertise and established programs. Through global health partnerships, training programs, and mentorship, individuals and institutions from around the globe can connect to share training resources and strengthen clinical and research capacity in LRSs. Global health partnerships focused on capacity building face many challenges including; unequal access to information about potential partners and training opportunities, a lack of transparency regarding each institutions training priorities, and inequity and absent reciprocity within global health partnerships that have disproportionate power division between high-resource and LRSs. This initiative, the Consortium of Universities for Global Health Capacity Strengthening Platform (CUGH-CPS) (CUGHCapacityBuilding.org), aims to empower institutions and individuals in LRSs to address these challenges and drive partnership engagement through avenues that are beneficial to the LRS agent needs and context by leading the prioritization of training capacity development across clinical and research domains. The CUGH-CPS helps to identify and create a platform for the dissemination of training and mentorship needs from LRS institutions and share this information with the global community. This manuscript describes this new initiative officially launched to a global audience at the April 2023 CUGH meeting.
The impact of fasting plasma glucose variability on osteoporotic fractures
Authors: Liu Ri , Gao Lishu , Guo Lu , Xu Wenqi , Wu Shouling , Tian Dehu
Published: June 2023

Purpose

To investigate the impact of FPG variability on osteoporotic fractures in the entire community population.

Methods

All participants were from the Kailuan Study. Participants completed three consecutive surveys from 2006–2007, 2008–2009, and 2010–2011. We excluded individuals with an osteoporotic fracture in or prior to the index year and those without complete FPG records at the first 3 examinations. All participants were followed from the date of the 3rd examination to the first occurrence of an endpoint event or December 31, 2021. According to the SD of FPG levels, the included subjects were divided into three groups. A Cox proportional hazards model was performed to further analyze the effect of different FPG-SD groups on the risk of osteoporotic fractures.

Results

Ultimately, the study population included 57295 participants. During a median follow-up time of 11.00 years, we documented 772 new osteoporotic fracture cases. When evaluating the FPG-SD level as a categorical variable, the HRs for osteoporotic fractures were 1.07 (95% CI: 0.89-1.29) for T2 and 1.32 (95% CI: 1.10–1.60) for T3 when compared with T1. We found that increased FPG variability was associated with a greater risk of osteoporotic fractures in people with diabetes than in those without diabetes (47% vs. 32%)

Conclusion

Increased FPG variability was an independent predictor of incident osteoporotic fracture, especially in individuals older than 50 years old, nonobese individuals, diabetes patients, and individuals with positive FPG-SD variability.
Status of persistent organic pollutants in Ethiopia
Authors: Debela Sisay Abebe , Sheriff Ishmail , Daba Chala , Tefera Yonatal Mesfin , Bedada Dinaol , Gebrehiwot Mesfin
Published: June 2023

Over the years, the chemical market has shown significant growth, but the hazardous impact of chemical use and disposal on the environment and human health is a growing concern. Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are among the most dangerous chemicals with widespread effects on the environment and living organisms, including humans. This study aimed to assess the current status of POP management and regulatory infrastructure in Ethiopia by collecting information from stakeholders responsible for recording the import, export, use, management, and regulation of POPs both in government and private sectors. Additionally, a comprehensive literature review was conducted using Boolean operators from international databases and libraries. The results indicated that Ethiopia banned the import of pesticides listed under Annex A (i.e., those to be eliminated), except endosulfan, which was imported at a quantity of 199,767 kg lt-1 from 2011 to 2015. There are 2,435 PCB-containing transformers in Ethiopia, of which 2,242 (92%) are currently in use. These transformers and capacitors contain 1,031,661 kg and 1,255 kg of dielectric fluids, respectively. As for Annex B POPs (i.e., those to be restricted), there are between 928,509 kg and 1,383,095 kg of active and obsolete dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane found in different stores across the country. Ethiopia imported approximately 337,000 kg of products containing perfluorooctane sulfonic acid from 2000 to 2020, with an annual average of 16,850 kg of photographic film, paper, and plates. POPs were also detected in different environmental matrices (soil, waterbodies, sediments, food items, and air) as well as human blood. Despite these findings, regulation and management of POP waste and stockpiles are largely inadequate in Ethiopia. Therefore, it is crucial to improve the monitoring, management, and regulation of POPs in the country. This could be achieved by strengthening the collaboration among different regulatory bodies, harmonizing the fragmented laws on POP management and control, and building institutional capacity.
Sea level rise-induced habitat loss does not alter effective migration rate for the salt marsh insect Tumidagena minuta due to large genetic effective population size
Authors: Maguire Billie , Tomasula Jewel , Rippel Tyler , Wimp Gina M. , Hamilton Matthew B.
Published: June 2023

Introduction

As anthropogenic change alters and fragments habitats, it is apparent that evolutionary change can co-occur with ecological change, though the scale and consequences of this contemporary evolution remain unclear. In coastal salt marshes of eastern North America, the flood tolerant low elevation marsh grass (Spartina alterniflora), is displacing Spartina patens, the flood intolerant high elevation marsh grass. Rising seas restrict S. patens, once occupying large areas of many hectares, to increasingly small patches, some as small as a few square meters.

Methods

Using nine microsatellite loci, we examined the genetic diversity and population structure of Tumidagena minuta, a minute, flightless planthopper and specialist herbivore of S. patens. We sampled T. minuta from S. patens habitat patches of varying radius (3–82 meters) and distances (54–1,100 meters) to test how landscape variation affects population genetic parameters associated with microevolutionary processes. We sampled and genotyped 142 T. minuta individuals across six S. patens patches in a single marsh in New Jersey, USA.

Results

We observed high polymorphism, observing between 7 and 28 alleles per locus and an average of 13.3 alleles per locus. We observed no genetic differentiation among sampled patches (RST = −0.0109). The contemporary genetic effective population size (Ne) was estimated at approximately 360 (95% confidence interval: 208–1325) based on two-locus linkage disequilibrium. Based on an estimate of Nem = 32.4 in the finite island model, the estimated gene flow rate among these patches was 0.09 migrants per generation.

Discussion

These estimates, which are rarely produced for non-model insects, suggest that, despite rapid and precipitous decreases in habitat size and connectivity, T. minuta populations have remained large and have experienced little genetic differentiation due to drift. Ecological changes in patch size and isolation at this scale have not influenced population genetic processes like effective migration rate for T. minuta, consistent with our expectations for an insect with a large population size.