bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
L'amour des pauvres et son fondement dans la confession christologique de S. Léon le Grand
Authors: Pidolle Laurent
Published: February 2015

Alors que l’Année de la Foi coïncide en France avec la démarche Diaconia 2013, cet article montre le lien intrinsèque entre charité et foi à partir des sermons de S. Léon le Grand. Celui-ci caractérise l’aumône comme charité divine envers l’homme et sacrifice de louange au Père : elle doit être éclairée et motivée par la foi dans le Christ qui est reconnu dans les pauvres. En effet, dans sa double forma , Dei et servi , le Christ donne et reçoit en tout pauvre comme en tout serviteur de la divine Miséricorde.
Joseph, le père du fils de la Promesse
Authors: de Lamarzelle Agnès
Published: February 2015

Au premier chapitre de l’évangile selon Matthieu, le récit de l’annonciation à Joseph succède à la généalogie de Jésus. Cet ensemble fait écho au double récit de la création en Gn 1-2. Une analyse narrative continue de Mt 1,18-25 fait découvrir un surcroît d’accomplissement aux promesses réalisées dans l’Emmanuel accueilli par Joseph : au cœur des engendrements humains se réalise la fécondité surabondante du salut.
Vertige du corps et recherche de raison
Authors: Dijon Xavier
Published: February 2015

La manière dont nos ordres juridiques occidentaux traitent, de nos jours, la condition corporelle des humains en leur naissance, leur vie ou leur mort, donne parfois le vertige. Comment éviter que les droits de l’homme ne se retournent contre l’homme ? Après avoir analysé les fondements idéologiques de ce bouleversement, l’A. propose une parole venue de la foi pour soutenir le travail de la raison dans son élaboration de l’éthique sociale et sa formulation du droit.
Midrashim dans le Nouveau Testament
Authors: Boyarin Daniel
Published: February 2015

L’intertextualité du Nouveau Testament réserve toujours des surprises. Poursuivant sa recherche sur La partition du judaïsme et du christianisme et Le Christ juif , l’A. propose une lecture de deux textes qui résonnent dans un paysage sonore bien plus « juif » qu’on ne l’affirme habituellement : l’« aujourd’hui » de la Lettre aux Hébreux et le « fils de l’homme » de l’Apocalypse.
Mariage et famille à la lumière de l'anthropologie et de l'Eucharistie
Authors: Scola Angelo
Published: February 2015

Le mariage chrétien révèle par grâce ce que l’homme et la femme désirent dans l’expérience de l’amour. La juste compréhension de la différence sexuelle (à laquelle s’opposent les théories du gender ) permet la relation à l’autre et en détermine la fécondité pour exprimer le mystère nuptial. Celui-ci est un sacrement, enraciné dans le mystère trinitaire, et en lien précis et décisif avec le mystère pascal vécu dans l’Eucharistie. L’A. tire les conséquences de ces rappels pour la participation des divorcés remariés à l’économie sacramentelle. Il suggère de privilégier l’Église locale dans les procédures de déclaration de nullité du lien matrimonial et propose un chemin de discernement lié à l’Ordinaire du lieu.
Euthanasie : réflexions d'un médecin
Authors: Karplus Rivka
Published: February 2015

Se fondant sur son expérience thérapeutique, l’A. montre l’échec de l’euthanasie comme réponse à la souffrance. Là où les malades auraient besoin d’accompagnement, de respect et d’amour, l’euthanasie nie la dignité humaine, l’unicité de la personne et de son expérience. En voulant apporter une « réponse » définitive à la souffrance, l’euthanasie se rapproche de l’acharnement thérapeutique dans son refus d’accepter la situation du malade telle qu’elle est en vérité. Une meilleure compréhension des enjeux peut aider non seulement à se situer face à la question de l’euthanasie, mais aussi à mieux accompagner malades, proches et personnel médical qui s’affrontent à de telles circonstances.
Parole de prêtre : le cas Moïse
Authors: Urfels Florent
Published: February 2015

La mise par écrit de la Révélation vétérotestamentaire a emprunté plusieurs canaux : scribes de la cour royale, prophètes et leurs disciples, sages, prêtres. C’est à la médiation sacerdotale qu’est dévolu cet article, à partir de la figure emblématique de Moïse. Une fois rappelée l’origine sacerdotale de la Torah, nous montrons comment le culte sacrificiel et la théophanie qu’elle implique sont indispensables pour maintenir le statut vivant de l’Écriture, notamment dans le cadre de la liturgie synagogale. Nous concluons par quelques remarques sur le concept d’inspiration scripturaire et sa mise en œuvre différenciée dans le judaïsme et le christianisme.
Est-il raisonnable de recourir à l'exégèse médiévale au xxi e siècle ?
Authors: De Baenst Benoît
Published: February 2015

Est-il raisonnable de fonder et de structurer une théologie sur le quadruple sens de l’Écriture ? L’anthropologie et l’épistémologie du jésuite Albert Chapelle qui dérivent d’une compréhension originale de la liberté permettent de rendre compte de la pertinence d’une telle théologie. Ces outils permettent d’opérer un discernement précieux pour reconnaître combien l’Écriture est l’âme de la théologie. Dans cette Écriture, l’articulation entre l’Ancienne et la Nouvelle Alliance, dont nous faisons mémoire dans l’Eucharistie, donne de penser.
Trigeminal Neuralgia: Pain, Pricks, and Anxiety
Authors: Puskar Kathryn R. , Droppa Mandy
Published: February 2015

Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is one of the most common forms of neuralgia experienced by older adults. Early in the course of the illness, individuals may be misdiagnosed, with associated delays in treatment. The current article uses an individual example to provide a framework for assessment and clinical management. Because pain associated with TN may be chronic, specific quality of life issues and related management approaches are presented, as well as guidelines for monitoring response to treatment. Targeted strategies to prevent pain triggers and suggestions for supportive coaching provide direction for health providers caring for older adults with TN. [
Journal of Gerontological Nursing
,
41
(3), 8–12.]
Hospital Readmission of Skilled Nursing Facility Residents: A Systematic Review
Authors: Yoo Ji Won , Jabeen Sanjeeda , Bajwa Tanvir , Kim Sun J. , Leander David , Hasan Laila , Punke Jodi , Soryal Soryal , Khan Ariba
Published: February 2015

Hospital readmission of patients discharged to skilled nursing facilities (SNFs) is common and costly with increasing public attention over the past decade, particularly in light of the new health care environment surrounding the advent of the Affordable Care Act. The purpose of the current systematic review is to critically examine prevalence, predictors, and costs of hospital readmission of SNF residents found in the medical literature. Individual resident, facility, and intervention factors predicting hospital readmission of SNF residents were studied. Despite the heterogeneity of the reviewed articles’ data sources and study designs, the existing literature asserts that hospital readmission of SNF residents is associated with individual resident and facility characteristics. Implementation of promising intervention programs can promote quality of care and reduce hospital readmission of SNF residents.

[Res Gerontol Nurs. 2015; 8(3):148–156.]
Posición en el hogar y género. Desigualdades en la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud entre la población adulta en España
Authors: Gumà Jordi , Treviño Rocio , Cámara Antonio D.
Published: February 2015

Este artículo explora la asociación entre la posición en el hogar y la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud (CVRS) entre la población de 30-64 años residente en España (N=13.258) con una perspectiva de género. Se utilizan modelos multivariables de regresión lineal independientes según sexo a partir de la muestra española de la Encuesta Europea de Salud de 2009 incluyendo las siguientes variables de control: edad, relación con la actividad, nivel educativo, capital social, nacionalidad y variables de salud objetiva. Los resultados muestran que la posición en el hogar es más determinante sobre la CVRS que los indicadores de estatus individual entre la población femenina, lo que no ocurre entre la población masculina. La monoparentalidad es la posición del hogar asociada a una peor CVRS, penalizando en mayor medida a las mujeres. Entre los hombres, la CVRS se muestra más sensible a la convivencia o no en pareja. Se discutirán, pues, los determinantes relacionados con el género.
Estudio de las características mecánicas y estructurales del platino y paladio a altas temperaturas
Authors: Trumic Biserka T. , Gomidželovic Lidija J. , Marjanovic Saša R. , Krstic Vesna R.
Published: February 2015

Se realiza un estudio comparativo de las propiedades mecánicas a alta temperatura del platino y paladio, con el fin de ampliar las aplicaciones de los productos basados en estos metales. El platino y el paladio son de gran importancia y se utilizan ampliamente en la industria química, electrónica y para la fabricación de placas de laboratorio, entre otras aplicaciones. Se estudiaron las siguientes propiedades mecánicas de los metales puros: resistencia a la tracción, velocidad de fluencia y tiempo de rotura bajo condiciones de fluencia. Para esas investigaciones se utilizó una máquina universal de ensayos para realizar los ensayos de tracción. La micro- estructura fue investigada por microscopía óptica. Basándose en los resultados obtenidos, se puede concluir que el platino, en comparación con el paladio, presenta mejores prestaciones para aplicaciones a alta temperatura.
Encarcelamiento, lazos familiares y reincidencia. Explorando los límites del familismo
Authors: Martí Joel , Cid José
Published: February 2015

Este artículo analiza los efectos en la reincidencia de los contactos familiares durante el encarcelamiento y explora los mecanismos explicativos que vinculan ambos factores, en un contexto en el que las familias ejercen un rol central en la provisión de bienestar. Para ello se plantea un diseño mixto, en dos olas, centrado en el estudio de hombres condenados a prisión por delincuencia común en la provincia de Barcelona. El análisis muestra que tanto los lazos familiares más fuertes (parejas y padres) como los más débiles (con otros familiares) tienen un efecto relevante en el proceso de desistimiento, aunque la forma en que operan es distinta (vínculo en el primer caso, apoyo en el segundo). Sin embargo, los resultados muestran también los límites del vínculo familiar cuando no va acompañado de los recursos materiales necesarios para conducir con éxito la transición postpenitenciaria. El análisis cualitativo permite profundizar en los factores explicativos e introducir varios matices a estas conclusiones mediante la observación de casos no confirmatorios.
Determinantes multidimensionales en la calidad percibida del empleo. Evidencia empírica para España
Authors: Díaz-Chao Ángel , Ficapal-Cusí Pilar , Torrent-Sellens Joan
Published: February 2015

A través de una muestra representativa para 8.755 empleados asalariados en 2010, y utilizando un sistema de ecuaciones estructurales, este artículo analiza empíricamente los determinantes multidimensionales (efectos directos) de la calidad percibida del empleo en España. La investigación concluye que la calidad del empleo combina un amplio conjunto de dimensiones explicativas que están vinculadas con el propio puesto de trabajo (calidad intrínseca, organización, inclusión y acceso y compensación), pero también con su entorno y las relaciones laborales (relaciones sociales, intensidad del empleo, formación, y salud y seguridad en el trabajo). Por consiguiente, las políticas públicas de empleo para la salida de la crisis no solo deberían abordar la calidad del puesto de trabajo, sino también atender a las dimensiones vinculadas con su entorno y las relaciones laborales.
Las dietas mediáticas de los españoles. Estudio a través de los usos del tiempo en 2009-2010
Authors: Callejo Javier
Published: February 2015

La televisión sigue siendo el medio de comunicación más consumido por los españoles. Ahora bien, tras esta primera afirmación se encuentra una sociedad con importantes diferencias a la hora de relacionarse con los medios de comunicación. Un análisis cluster de los resultados de la Encuesta de Empleo del Tiempo 2009-2010 realizada por el Instituto Nacional de Estadística ha desvelado cuatro grupos o dietas mediáticas. Cada dieta articula diferentes cantidades de consumo televisivo, uso de medios digitales –ordenador o internet– y consumo de otros medios en la vida diaria. Asimismo, el trabajo muestra la importancia en la configuración de tales dietas de los ingresos del hogar, el tipo de hogar, la relación con la actividad y la edad. Por último, el sexo aparece no tanto como criterio diferenciador de dietas mediáticas, como criterio que explica distintas relaciones con otras actividades dentro de cada dieta mediática.
The View from a Flipped Classroom
Authors: Trogden Bridget G.
Published: February 2015

Flipped classroom pedagogy is one that is applicable for a multitude of disciplines and for course enrollments of various sizes. The focus of this chapter is to demonstrate the pedagogical effectiveness of flipping by describing the methodologies and assignments used in a flipped Organic Chemistry I course and by assessing the performance and experiences of students in a flipped course in comparison to those in a not flipped control section. Historical data and learning outcomes of students in not flipped courses is discussed as indicators of why the flipped pedagogy was implemented. Both quantitative and qualitative data are analyzed, along with the challenges and best practices for flipping. The findings have useful implications for educators interested in flipping their own classrooms, as well as for the researchers and administrators who support them.
Views on Sports Sponsorship in Singapore
Authors: Wai Lyon Lai Mun
Published: February 2015

Sports sponsorship is growing and this figure is projected to rise exponentially (Belzer, 2013). Hence, the sporting arena has approached a platform where sponsorship has become an intricate pillar in the sports industry (Hoye et al., 2012). Whilst it is widely acknowledged that sponsorship is able to advance the profit margins of sponsors (Boyle, 2001), there is little literature documenting the views of sports sponsorship in Singapore. This chapter seeks to identify the key stakeholders in the local sports sponsorship as well as the acknowledged elements in a successful collaboration. References are made to the local sporting scene based on qualitative feedback collected from relevant personnel and set against common practices worldwide based on the literature review of current papers. A model of how these factors are interlinked is finally proposed.
The Asian Sports Market
Authors: Igneci Metehan , Yarimoglu Emel Kursunluoglu
Published: February 2015

Football is considered the most spectated sport in the world. It cannot be considered as a mere entertainment of ninety minutes, but instead, it is an industry that connects many in one body. Due to difficult financial regulations and fierce competitiveness, Turkey, as a well-established but re-emerging football country, should create new routes to enhance their markets and find new financial supports. In order to achieve sustainable development and compete with the other big clubs of Europe, the football environment in Turkey should position itself globally and expand its operations. This chapter aims to adapt the entry strategies in global marketing to sports marketing. It reveals new marketing implementations for Turkish football clubs in Asian sports markets by defining the entry strategies of global markets and giving insights into the existing implementations of both Turkish clubs and other clubs in Asia.
Rationalizing Sport Spectatorship
Authors: Selvam Shankar
Published: February 2015

This chapter aligns itself with spectatorship theories to identify possible causes for the poor spectatorship numbers observed at S-League matches. Taking into account club affiliations among spectators and how such relationships affect the fortunes of a club's following, relevant theories are discussed in the context of the sports situation in Singapore. Qualitative and quantitative components pertaining to S-League spectatorship are analysed, which serve as the basis for the recommendations presented on improving attendance at local football matches.
Opportunities and Challenges in Wake Sports in Taiwan
Authors: Tsai Chiung-Tzu Lucetta
Published: February 2015

The Chinese Taipei Waterski and Wakeboard Federation (CTWWF), founded in 1973, has actively trained and certified coaches and waterskiing boat drivers, increased public participation opportunities and security, and developed waterskiing experience standard processes, as well as safety advocacy. Using waterskiing mechanical equipment could help reduce the risk and allow the disabled to participate. The 2009 World Games in Taiwan were not easy to fight for. Taiwan took the opportunity to train waterskiing and wakeboarding athletes to enhance the strength of domestic water sports. For the people of Taiwan to understand the sports better requires taking time to watch them, learning to appreciate the beauty of water sports, and allowing water sports to integrate into people's leisure lives.
Enhancing DotProject to Support Risk Management Aligned with PMBOK in the Context of SMEs
Authors: Gonçalves Rafael Queiroz , Kühlkamp Elisa de Freitas , Gresse von Wangenheim Christiane
Published: February 2015

Many problems in software development projects are due to risks and could be avoided or minimized if identified and treated pro-actively. In this context, software tools to support risk management could be very helpful. However, it is difficult to find a project management tool, accessible to Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) that provides adequate support to risk management in conformance with best practices such as the PMBOK. Therefore, this paper has the objective to review support provided by popular project management tools with respect to risk management and to present enhancements made to the open-source tool – dotProject – in order to systematically support risk management aligned with the PMBOK. An initial evaluation identified benefits in the implementation of risk management processes in software SMEs, and, thus, contributing to their projects' success.
Fuzzy Integration of Support Vector Regression Models for Anticipatory Control of Complex Energy Systems
Authors: Alamaniotis Miltiadis , Agarwal Vivek
Published: February 2015

Anticipatory control systems are a class of systems whose decisions are based on predictions for the future state of the system under monitoring. Anticipation denotes intelligence and is an inherent property of humans that make decisions by projecting in future. Likewise, intelligent systems equipped with predictive functions may be utilized for anticipating future states of complex systems, and therefore facilitate automated control decisions. Anticipatory control of complex energy systems is paramount to their normal and safe operation. In this paper a new intelligent methodology integrating fuzzy inference with support vector regression is introduced. The proposed methodology implements an anticipatory system aiming at controlling energy systems in a robust way. Initially, a set of support vector regressors is adopted for making predictions over critical system parameters. The predicted values are used as input to a two-stage fuzzy inference system that makes decisions regarding the state of the energy system. The inference system integrates the individual predictions at its first stage, and outputs a decision together with a certainty factor computed at its second stage. The certainty factor is an index of the significance of the decision. The proposed anticipatory control system is tested on a real-world set of data obtained from a complex energy system, describing the degradation of a turbine. Results exhibit the robustness of the proposed system in controlling complex energy systems.
Cathodic Protection Assessment by Means of Multiple Calibration Techniques for Integrity Management and Life Extension of Offshore Facilities
Authors: Nezamian A. , Sucharov J.
Published: February 2015

Maintaining effective cathodic protection for offshore facilities poses a challenging task for operators with ageing assets. Cathodic protection can be characterised by the reduction of the corrosion rate on metal surfaces that are continuously exposed to seawater and sediments via electrochemical protection. Integrity management of these cathodic protection systems is vital as facilities begin to reach their intended design life and operators look for life extension options.

An oil field consisting of a number of well head platforms, a living quarter platform, a flare platform and a processing platform were required to be re-qualified and investigated for possible life extension measures. The cathodic protection assessment for these platforms is the focus of this paper, where the assessment process was critical in assuring the long term integrity.

To guarantee the integrity of the facilities, a methodology that incorporated initial calculations based on mass and current requirements in conjunction with calibration calculations, factoring in present conditions of the facilities, were developed to predict the integrity of the systems for re-qualification and life extension. This paper documents the initial cathodic protection assessment methodology as well as the calibration methodology used to assess each facility for re-qualification and life extension. The calibration calculations were developed to verify the cathodic protection based on measured /observed values rather than assumed design values recommended in the relevant standards and used in the initial cathodic protection calculations.

The paper also provides an overview of the cathodic protection assessment for these offshore facilities in relation to the integrity management for life extension and mitigation options. This overview details the finding in regards to developing a successful cathodic protection program that can be managed and evaluated accurately to allow for prolonged design lives for offshore facilities.
Application of High Speed Valves/Actuators in Subsea Separator System
Authors: Patil Shivkumar , Feng George , Ling Moses , Eriksson Klas Goran
Published: February 2015

Description

While designing a subsea separator retention time and slug size are two important parameters that need to be considered. By using high speed control valves, the separator can be made smaller. A typical case will be discussed where the separator size could be reduced significantly (by approximately 50 to 90%) if high speed control valves and algorithms are used instead of a more conventional design. This consequently results in significant reduction in weight, size, cost of the separator. Also for deeper waters and higher design pressures, large separator vessels become increasingly difficult (or even impossible) to build, so this technique can be an enabling factor for deep / high pressure subsea separation system.

This paper discusses 5 different control schemes that are considered to achieve the necessary control objectives of a subsea separator. All the control schemes discussed in this paper can handle process upsets, both liquid slugs and gas bursts. However, the ability to handle such transients varies depending on which control scheme is implemented. This paper also discusses two extreme cases and explains how well the 5 control schemes cope with them. This shows that the control loops can be configured in several ways with increasing performance and complexity. In general, performance is increased at the cost of complexity. Also there is a trade-off between separator size and control system performance: a better control system arrangement can reduce the size of the separator.

Paper also touches upon the concept of subsea closed loop control system where SEM acts as a standalone processing unit which provides a fast response time.

Application

Subsea Separation, Boosting, Compression

Results

Results from FEED study performed for an operator located in GoM are discussed in this paper. The study showed a significant reduction in separator size (50% to 90%) and cost. It also improves the reliability and performance of the subsea separator control system.

Significance

Qualified subsea closed loop control system, fast acting valves has helped to implement subsea separation technology in North Sea fields.

This experience can be extended to GoM and unlock the potential of the subsea processing and boosting equipments.
Managing Life Extension Programs for Ageing Floating Offshore Facilities
Authors: Gibbs Brian , Graf Thomas
Published: February 2015

As technology and the economics of offshore fields continue to change there is the increasing need to keep ageing infrastructure functional and safe increasingly longer service lives. This places demands on the operators and regulating agencies to continue to provide assurances that the structural integrity of offshore facilities can be maintained for considerable periods greater than the original design lives. Corrosion and fatigue needs to be reassessed and in many cases there is the need for some form of mitigation to achieve the extended life. Mitigation options will range from enhanced monitoring to structural retrofit and frequently this needs to be done while the facility remains on station and in production. For some complex deep water facilities such as tension-leg platforms, life extension will present significant challenges as the new frontiers of technology need to be explored and proven to maintain the integrity of critical systems. For ship-conversion facilities such as FPSOs and FSOs the practical solutions to rehabilitating strength while the facility remains on station and operating requires non-conventional approaches. Traditionally ship repairs are undertaken in ship yards and dry docks where there is unlimited labor and access to heavy weight machinery such as dockside cranes. Performing the work offshore severely limits the numbers of personnel and does not have the use of heavy lifting equipment. The presence of hydrocarbons also presents safe working restrictions that need to be integral to the work program.

This paper will discuss proven innovative solutions for rehabilitating floating structures while on-station to allow service lives to be extended safely. This includes creative mitigation solutions that are available to assure strength and fatigue management. While there are many challenges to face in these programs the benefits to the operator are substantial because of the minimization of the loss of production what would normally result from removing the critical infrastructure from the field for the prolonged repair program duration.
Collapse Behaviour of As-Fabricated; Thermal Aged JCOE Line Pipe - Experimental Study by External Pressure Ring Collapse Testing and FE Analysis
Authors: Kathayat T.S. , Goyal Rajesh K. , Shant J. Raghu
Published: February 2015

This paper presents the experiments and studies conducted on pipes for the assessment of Middle East to India Deepwater Pipeline (MEIDP) requirement. The MEIDP will be located in water depths up to 3500 m and consequently be subjected to very high external pressures which make the pipe collapse strength a major consideration for the project. The pipes of size 660.4 mm (26") OD × 37.1 mm WT and SAWL485 FDU manufactured by JCOE process were used for external pressure ring collapse testing in as-fabricated (AF) and thermal aged (HT) conditions. The simulation of ring collapse pressure using Finite Element Analysis (FEA) was also studied.

The ring pressure collapse test results consistently demonstrated the advantage of heat soaked treatment at 3LPP coating temperature for enhanced external collapse pressure as compared to the as-fabricated pipes. The strain gauges and deflection sensors were used to measure the external collapse pressure by ring method. The test results were compared with the values predicted by Linear-Elastic Thick Wall theory considering the plain strain behaviour and ABAQUS for Non-Linear Finite Element analysis to simulate the collapse pressure. A comparative study of ring collapse pressure testing, FE analyzed collapse pressure and DNV calculated collapse pressure is also presented along with tensile and compression behaviour of pipe material.
Experience and Lessons Learned from the Jet-In and Drill-Ahead Operation During Malaysia Deepwater Drilling Operations
Authors: Maniam Thanasekaran , Kien Ming Lim , Punniamoorthy Sellathurai
Published: February 2015

Surface casing jet-in and drill-ahead have become a common practice for deepwater drilling operation around the world. The main objective of the jet-in and drill-ahead operation is to set the surface conductor casing which is typically 36-inch in size and drill ahead the next hole section with the same bottomhole assembly (BHA).

This paper reviewed 25 jet-in and drill-ahead BHA runs for deepwater drilling operations in Malaysia, with the intention to share the experience and findings. It is aimed to highlight the pertinent operating procedures needed for a successful jet-in and drill-ahead operation for future deepwater drilling operations, both in Malaysia and in other parts of the world.

Multiple designs of BHAs in various sizes were imperative to achieve an optimum outcome for the jet-in and drill-ahead operation. The bit size, jet-in procedures, jetting speed, bit extension (stick out), assembly type, flow rate, formation and survey procedures are among other key aspects for a successful deepwater jet-in and drill-ahead operation.

While all the deepwater jet-in and drill-ahead operations in Malaysia were performed with a mud motor BHA, a recent deployment of a rotary steerable system BHA in an ultra deepwater drilling operation had achieved a faster, verticality improvement to ±1°, a value-added outcome.
Modeling and Prediction of Frac-Pack Tool Erosion in Multizone Wells
Authors: Clem N.J. , Silva Z.S. , McGuire A.M. , Imhoff J.
Published: February 2015

Reservoir conditions in attractive deepwater wells are leading operators to request increasing frac pump rates and proppant volumes in order to achieve effective frac packs. Additionally, a long payzone can be difficult to stimulate and complete in a single interval due to multilayer formations with varying properties. Therefore, the best completion practice is to isolate the payzone into multiple zones of production. As a result, the frac pack service equipment used to treat multiple zones is exposed to an accumulative amount of high rate erosive flow.

The tools which deliver these stimulations must be qualified using testing procedures which replicate actual job conditions, as closely as possible, to ensure the integrity of these tools when deployed in these challenging environments. High stimulation rates and large slurry volumes which must be replicated in a testing environment require an investment in assets and logistics on the order of that required for an actual deployment. Therefore, testing parameters must be selected based on those anticipated in the completion for which the tools are being qualified.

Modeling and analysis techniques have advanced resulting in improved erosion prediction and optimized frac port geometry and materials. Full scale designs have been thoroughly tested following analysis. The results and correlations of analysis and test results will be discussed.

The analysis and testing methods of erosion resistant design and materials leads to more efficient launch of new technology to meet sand control needs in challenging deepwater multizone wells.
Unique Cement and Spacer Design for Setting Horizontal Cement Plugs in SBM Environment: Deepwater Indonesia Case History
Authors: Farahani Hamidreza , Brandl Andreas , Durachman Ridwan
Published: February 2015

The placement of cement plugs in extended-reach drilling (ERD) wells is a challenging task. Poor hole cleaning, insufficient mud displacement, incomplete centralization, and tight ECD management are some of the more common risks. Mud displacement efficiency and accurate cement placement is notably more complicated in ERD wells due high deviation angles and asymmetrical fluid velocities; problems which are compounded in presence of Synthetic Based Mud (SBM). In fact, the industry standard for setting and successfully testing cement plugs in highly deviated wells is 2.4x per successful attempt. For deepwater projects, these risks must be mitigated to ensure timely operations as the financial implications of failed cement plugs are vast.

Adopting best cementing practices in job planning and execution are beneficial elements to overcome the challenges; however even with excellent operational guidelines cement plug failures are common. A properly designed job should consider appropriate selection of equipment and materials, tailored properties of slurry and spacer systems, accurate down-hole pressure and temperature simulation, extensive laboratory testing, and identification and management of key risks.

This paper will discuss the various operational, engineering, and unique design techniques for setting horizontal cement plugs in a SBM environment on a project in deep waters offshore Indonesia. To date, four kick off plugs have been set successfully in the first attempt on four consecutive ERD wells. Conservative cost savings for achieving first attempt kick-off is 1.2 MM USD, applying 12 hours per well (48 hours total) with a daily rig rate of 600K USD.

The achievement is owing to application of best cementing practices in job design and execution, along with use of a unique cement system and innovative spacer. Techniques used in placing challenging kick off plugs are discussed followed by discussion on how the trouble-free operation has created value for both the client and service provider. Multiple case histories will be presented, along with specifics of the unique slurry and spacer system.
The Effectiveness of Two- versus Three-start Helical Strakes in Suppressing VIV of Flexible Cylinder
Authors: Quen Lee Kee , Abu Aminudin , Muhamad Pauziah , Kato Naomi , Sahekhaini Asnizah , Abdullah Hanida
Published: February 2015

The proposed paper investigates experimentally the effectiveness of strakes in suppressing the vortex-induced vibration (VIV) of a long flexible cylinder by varying the pitch, height and the number of helix of the strakes, which differ from the previous studies that only focus on short rigid cylinder. The experiment was conducted in towing tank with constant velocity under subcritical Reynolds number () by using a Poly Vinyl Chloride cylinder with aspect ratio of 162. CCD cameras were installed to capture the amplitude vibration and the frequency responses in both in-line (IL) and cross-flow (CF) directions while the fluctuation of tension was measured by using tension load-cell. The theoretical laminar boundary layer thickness around a circular cylinder was calculated and was used as a benchmark in deciding the height of strakes for the experiment.

The purpose of present study is to identify the optimum configuration of helical strakes that can be implemented on a long flexible riser with low mass ratio.

The experimental result shows the helical strakes perform well in mitigating the VIV. Significant VIV mitigation is found for the strakes with a certain height which is larger than the laminar boundary layer thickness. However, its effectiveness in suppressing the vibration amplitude of flexible cylinder is far smaller than the rigid cylinder. Varying the pitch of strakes influents the occurrence of lock-in region and prevent the switch of frequency into higher mode. Previous study stated that pitch of 15D is as effective as 5D for a rigid cylinder. However, it does not work on a flexible cylinder. Changing the height of strakes narrows the lock-in region and contributes most in suppressing the vibration of cylinder. Also, it is surprising to find that two-helical strakes perform slightly better than three-helical strakes in lower velocity range. The hydrodynamic forces of cylinders are still in the process of analysing.

The information presented in this paper will shed some light on the effectiveness of strakes with different configurations and suggest the appropriate dimension of strakes in term of pitch, height and the number of helix of the strakes as currently the available resources are limited.
A Coiled Tubing Perforating Solution Incorporating a Gun Deployment System and Dynamic Underbalance Technique Improves Well Production in High Angle Deep Gas Wells in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Al Jubran Hasan Hussain , Leal Jairo , Al BuHassan Shaker , Bolarinwa Simeon , Kharrat Wassim , Pulson Dave , Barnawi Mazen
Published: February 2015

SaudiAramco has recently initiated a change in gas well design in the Ghawar fieldof Saudi Arabia. The new approach is to drill deviated cased hole gas wellsthrough the reservoir to increase the length of contact of the productive zoneand thereby s wells were drilled as avertical cased hole through the reservoir or open hole horizontal gas wells. Theincreased well deviations, measured depths and resultant increase in reservoirsections required a new approach to the perforating solution for these wells toconnect them to the gas plants. Various techniques were reviewed, consideringsafety, operating efficiency and well performance. The final solution was todeploy the perforating systems on electric coiled tubing (CT) and run all theguns in one run using completion insertion and retrieval under pressure (CIRP) asa deployment system, which allowed the guns to be run and pulled under livewell conditions without having to kill the well. Thispaper details the learning curve and lessons learned of the implementation ofthis technique in five gas wells. The deployment system and pressure controlequipment were optimized to satisfy Saudi Aramco's requirement for threebarriers. A CT cleanout run was added before perforation to remove any debrisfrom the wellbore causing a problem to the depth correlation tools. An existingmCT tower was used to support the very long wellhead stack, but due to its height limitation a special solution was implemented to enable safe CToperations. A deployment system under live well conditions was used to minimizeCT runs, operating time and cost savings. The static underbalance condition was set before running the guns, combined with the dynamic underbalance perforatingtechnique and deep penetrating charge gun design were implemented to optimizethe well performance. This technique allowed safe and efficient perforating in a single underbalance run of these five gas wells. Thepaper also covers the planning of the perforating solution, Health, Safetyand Environment (HSE) considerations, equipmentselection, operational procedures, job execution and results
Wheatstone Development - Challenges and Solutions in Formation Water Treatment and Disposal
Authors: Titley Mark
Published: February 2015

OTC Asia 2014 conference presentation

Wheatstone Development – Challenges and Solutions in Formation Water Treatment and Disposal (Mark Titley – Chevron's ETC Perth Process Manager: mxhx@chevron.com)

The Wheatstone Development is a major integrated LNG development; it is a joint venture development between a number of partners: Chevron, Shell, Apache, KUPFEC and Kyushu. The overall development comprises: subsea gas wells and flowlines, a central processing platform (which includes separation, compression, dehydration, and water treatment) an export trunkline, an onshore receiving facility, an LNG plant, a domestic gas plant and export pipeline, LNG and condensate product storage and export, and marine facilities.

The paper and presentation will provide an overview of the platform and two key issues, which determined the requirement for a platform and its design, including the compression and water handling facilities. The key issues, reservoir pressure and reservoir water production, will discussed and how these influenced the design.

The reservoir water production presented key challenges, particularly due to Australia's stringent oil-in-water limits. These challenges included potential emulsions, sand production, changing water production profiles, and water and condensate slug/surge handling. The presentation will discuss in detail the mitigation measures considered, discuss key learnings and finish with an explanation of those adopted and the final, integrated water treatment solution from the well through to discharge.

This approach is considered best practice within Chevron as a method for reducing or minimizing environmental discharge.
Analytical Predictions and Field Observations in Liwan3-1 CEP Jacket Installation
Authors: Yuan Yujie , Lee James , Yin Hanjun , Liu Yuxi , Huang Huaizhou
Published: February 2015

A modified HYSY 229 barge was utilized for the loadout, transportation and launch operation of LW3–1 CEP jacket. The barge is modified from a conventional launch barge (225mx52.5mx13.5m) to a "T" shape floatover and launch barge with a beam width of 42m at bow and 65m at stern. In order to verify the calculated results in transportation motion responses with this "T" shape barge, a model test in a model basin was performed and the test results were compared with these calculated results from the transportation motion analysis. From these comparisons, noticeable differences were observed with considerable higher motion responses from these model test results. During the final jacket transportation, a motion monitoring system will be installed at the jacket to further verify the motion behavior of this modified barge.

Based on the same reasons, a motion and trajectory monitoring device will be installed on the jacket during the launch in order to confirm the basic launch characteristics of this modified "T" shape launch barge. These collected data from these monitoring systems under real operational environments should provide a reliable design basis for the use of this large "T" shape barge for future jacket installations.

Control upending process was selected as the based case for LW3–1 CEP jacket upend design because of the large base dimension. This large jacket base dimension also imposes a challenge to maintain a minimum bottom clearance during the upending steps under a maximum crane hookload of 2,000mt. Extensive on-bottom stability analysis were performed to unsure the safety of the on-bottom stability under installation design conditions.

LW3–1 CEP piled foundation is the largest one in the world with 4 – 108" dia. vertical skirt piles at each jacket corner. Each pile is 158 meters in length. The maximum dry weight of one pile is 755mt. A 126m stick-up length in initial self penetration makes the pile design a challenge one in stick-up analysis and in fatigue analysis including both pile driving fatigue analysis and in-place pile fatigue analysis.
Riser Integrity Monitoring System for Offshore Fields
Authors: Blondeau S. , Andre M. , Garnier P. , Benmedakhene S. , Quesnel J.J.
Published: February 2015

All the structural elements which make up offshore fields are by nature submitted to harsh environmental constraints: seabed to surface liaisons, export lines, mooring systems and all oil & gas operators must keep pace with the technological challenges posed by deeper water depths and increasingly severe weather environments. The top priority is threefold:to mitigate human and technical risks to protect valuable assets and to limit damages to promote safety and sustainable development

A real time surveillance of structural integrity is an absolute necessity in order to keep under control the overall good condition of the field infrastructure. It really allows to improve asset management and to intervene in case of emergency.

The primary objective is to monitor and predict the behavior of the bottom to surface liaison in order to anticipate excessive wear and fatigue as well as overstress, hence the development of original solutions.

Among technologies that are shaping the future of subsea activities, Asset Integrity is a key trend to optimize lifecycle of fields.

This paper focuses on Riser Integrity Monitoring Purpose, and most particularly on reliable and cutting edge technological solution used to measure the static and dynamic loads imposed to the various kind of Risers to anticipate structural degradation but also to detect structural ruptures. The first is known as a Vibrating Wire Gauge (VWG) for the monitoring of SCR's Hybrid Risers and Riser Towers. The second product uses the Acoustic Emission technology to monitor the integrity of tensile armor wires in flexible pipes.
Study of Different Water Alternating Carbon Dioxide Injection Methods in Various Injection Patterns in an Iranian Non Fractured Carbonate Reservoir
Authors: Bagrezaie M. A. , Pourafshary P. , Gerami S.
Published: February 2015

In the commonly-used EOR methods such as waterflooding and gas injection, high and unsuitable mobility ratio leads to viscose fingering and reduction of sweep efficiency. Early breakthrough of the injected fluid caused in the production wells is the major problem associated with these processes. A solution to this problem is an alternative process called water-alternating-gas (WAG).

WAG injection could increase the recovery by contacting the upswept zones, especially recovery of attic or cellar oil by exploiting the segregation of gas to the top or accumulating of water towards the bottom. The WAG process has been proved beneficial in re-pressurizing the reservoir when compared to a waterflood only process. This higher pressure is caused by the gas slug being injected at an extremely high voidage replacement rate because of its high mobility. WAG injection increases the efficiency of the plain gas injection, too. By alternating the gas injection with water injection, the gas relative mobility in the reservoir is reduced over gas injection only. Therefore, less gas breaks through to producing wells, reducing gas handling requirements. Furthermore, the lower producing GOR associated with WAG injection over straight gas injection results in less erosion of the production equipment.

In this work, scenarios of water alternating carbon dioxide injection such as (WACO2), (HWACO2), (WACO2a.WF),(SWACO2),(SSWACO2) and water and carbon dioxide injection are compared to specify the appropriate injection method. Also these scenarios in four patterns such as 4-spot, Dual 4-spot,5-spot, Dual 5-spot were compared.

Results indicated that, SWACO2 injection has the higher oil production and lowest residual oil saturation. In addition, amoung these scenarios SWACO2 in Dual 5-spot pattern had the highest recovery and lower residual oil saturation. 5-spot pattern had the higher recovery and lower residual oil saturation than Dual 4-spot pattern, so adding the number of wells could not raise the recovery.