bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The paradox of the positive effect of overweight and obesity on the results of coronary artery bypass grafting depending on the age and sex of patients
Authors: Журба О. О. , Лазоришинець В. В. , Руденко А. В.
Published: December 2024

Objective. To determine the presence of the "obesity paradox" and to establish its impact on the results of coronary artery bypass grafting on a working heart in patients of different ages and sexes.
Materials and methods. The study involved 3674 patients with coronary heart disease, 3061 men and 613 women who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting on a beating heart. The average age of the study participants was (60.6 ± 0.8) years. The data of clinical and anthropometric studies with the determination and interpretation of body mass index were analysed. The study design was based on the age and sex of the patients.
Results. The highest body mass index was in geriatric patients – 30.9 kg/m2 and in young patients – 29.7 kg/m2 , and the lowest – in young patients – 24.9 kg/m2 (p=0.01, χ2 =5.78) and in geriatric patients – 28.0 kg/m2 (p≥0.05). Among men, the highest frequency of normal body weight (24.7%) was observed in the geriatric age, and the lowest (8.7%) – in the young age (p=0.0001, χ2 =45.02); among women – in the young age (25.0%) and in the geriatric age (7.1%), p≥0.05. The proportion of overweight patients was highest (51.2%) in the elderly, and lowest (42.3%) in the young (p=0.0001, χ2 =19.55). Regarding the prevalence of overweight in patients, the highest proportion (53.6%) of patients with such a body weight was recorded in the elderly, and the lowest (25.0%) – in the young (p≥0.05). Overweight was statistically significantly (p=0.0001, χ2 =38.14) more common in men than in women. In patients, the incidence of obesity was highest at a young age and lowest at an older age (p=0.0001, χ2 =143.28). In women, the highest (59.0%) prevalence of obesity was observed in middle age, and the lowest (39.3%) in old age (p=0.0001, χ2 =65.15). The prevalence of obesity was statistically significantly higher in women (50.9%) than in men (38.0%) (p=0.0001, χ2 =42.49). Early postoperative mortality was statistically significantly (p=0.017, χ2 =5.68) higher in patients, with the highest rate recorded in the elderly. The early postoperative mortality rate in patients with normal body weight was statistically significantly (p=0.018, χ2 =5.63) higher than in patients with overweight.
Conclusions. There were more elderly patients with overweight and fewer young patients (p=0.0001, χ2 =19.55). Overweight patients were statistically significantly (p=0.0001, χ2 =38.14) more common than female patients. In men, the incidence of obesity was highest in young age and lowest in old age (p=0.0001, χ2 =143.28), and in women, respectively, in middle age and old age (p=0.0001, χ2 =65.15). There were statistically significantly more obese women (p=0.0001, χ2 =42.49) than men. The early postoperative mortality rate in patients with normal body weight was statistically significantly (p=0.018, χ2 =5.63) higher than in patients with overweight.
SARS–CoV–2 infection as a possible risk factor for acute infective native valve endocarditis complicated by intracardiac abscesses
Authors: Собіров Барно Бобір огли
Published: December 2024

Objective. To study the clinical features of SARS–CoV–2 infection as a possible risk factor for the development of acute infective native valve endocarditis complicated by intracardiac abscesses and its mechanisms, including the persistence of SARS–CoV–2 infection in the cardiovascular system in the long term after its transmission.
Materials and methods. The cohort retrospective study conducted at the Amosov National Institute of Cardiovascular Surgery of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine from 01.07.2020 to 01.07.2022 included 64 patients with infective endocarditis complicated by intracardiac abscesses, which in 18 of them was associated with SARS–CoV–2 infection. All patients showed a clear link between the onset of cardiac symptoms and SARS–CoV–2 infection. The average time to seek medical care after SARS–CoV–2 infection was (2 ± 1.2) months. The study patients (n=64) were divided into two groups: Group 1 – 18 (28.1%) patients with infective native valve endocarditis complicated by intracardiac abscesses with SARS–CoV–2 infection and Group 2 – 46 (71.8%) patients with infective native valve endocarditis complicated by intracardiac abscesses without SARS–CoV–2 infection. The average age of patients was (48.7 ± 1.4) years.
Results. The diagnosis of SARS–CoV–2 was confirmed in all patients by bacteriological examination of oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal material by polymerase chain reaction. The diagnosis of infective endocarditis complicated by intracardiac abscesses was confirmed according to the modified Duke University criteria. According to transthoracic, transesophageal echocardiography and computed tomography, massive vegetation of the aortic valve was detected in 38 (59.4%) patients, mitral valve – in 8 (12.5%), aortic, mitral and tricuspid valves – in 18 (28.1%). Intracardiac abscesses were recorded in all 64 (100%) patients, 9 (14.1%) of whom had fistulisation in the right heart. The frequency of inflammatory lung disease and aortic valve abscesses differed statistically significantly between the study groups of patients – p=0.001 and p=0.002, respectively. In all patients, the intracardiac anatomy was restored using an autopericardium.
Conclusions. At the stage of hospitalisation of patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome, the effectiveness of care depends on the timely diagnosis of complications of the underlying disease. Most current reports on SARS–CoV–2 contain only brief descriptions of cardiovascular manifestations in these patients. Given the enormous burden this disease places on the healthcare industry and the significant adverse prognostic impact of cardiac involvement with infective endocarditis, further research is needed to understand the frequency, mechanisms, clinical presentation and various cardiovascular manifestations in patients with SARS–CoV–2.
Determination of optimal transfusion therapy for early surgical treatment of burns
Authors: Козинець Г. П. , Линник О. М. , Коваленко О.М. , Циганков В. П.
Published: December 2024

Objective. To determine the optimal programme for the use of infusion solutions for the early surgical treatment of dermal superficial and deep burns.
Materials and methods. The strategy of transfusion therapy is based on the concept of ROSE (Resuscitation, Optimisation, Stabilisation, Evacuation). To study the effect of a protease inhibitor in complex treatment, 12 patients of the main group and 22 patients of the control group were examined. The content of calpains, α1 – protease inhibitor, α2 – macroglobulin, tumour necrosis factor–α and interleukin–6 in peripheral blood was determined on the 2nd – 3rd and 7th – 8th day after the burn.
Results. The determined content of calpains, α1 –inhibitor, α2 –macroglobulin and proinflammatory cytokines in the peripheral blood on the 2nd – 3rd day after the burn was high. The use of ulinastatin in the main group reduced the level of calpains by 1.16 times compared to the control group on day 7–8, the levels of α1 –protease inhibitor and α2 –macroglobulin remained at baseline, the level of tumour necrosis factor–α was 1.15 times lower and interleukin–6 was 1.6 times lower than the corresponding values in the control group. In the main group, the average period of early closure of burn wounds with autodermografts decreased by 3.36 days, the period of complete final wound closure – to (22.1 ± 6.92) days, which was 1.57 times less than in the control group.
Conclusions. The optimal programme for the use of infusion solutions for the early surgical treatment of burns in accordance with the ROSE concept and the use of a protease inhibitor was determined. This made it possible to regulate excessive systemic inflammation by preventing an increase in the levels of interleukin–6 and tumour necrosis factor–α and to improve the balance of the proteolytic–antiproteolytic system, which in combination contributed to optimising the development of the wound process, allowing earlier performance of the first autodermoplasty and reducing the time for complete final closure of wound surfaces by 1.57 times.
Minimally invasive treatment of bronchopleural fistula
Authors: Сидюк А. В. , Бабій І. В. , Санжаров О. М. , Тесля О. Т.
Published: December 2024

Minimally invasive treatment of bronchopleural fistula
Nutrient content in tissues of Groenlandia densa, Myriophyllum spicatum and Zannichellia palustris: an attempt to understand the intercompartmental relationships in a small stream in the Middle Atlas Mountains of Morocco
Authors: Nouri Ayoub , Bihaoui Abdesslam , Hammada Soumaya , Chillasse Lahcen
Published: December 2024

Research has long focused on the relative importance of leaves and roots as sources of nutrient supply for macrophytes, as well as the function each stream compartment plays in their growth and development. This study aims to expand the debate on aquatic ecology and to better understand the connection between compartments in aquatic systems by highlighting the relationship observed in rivers between nutrients in macrophytes tissues, water, and sediments. We measured the concentrations of P-PO4, N-NO3 and N-NH4 in three different compartments of the Amengous stream in the Middle Atlas of Morocco. Myriophyllum spicatum (L.), Groenlandia densa (L.) Fourr. and Zannichellia palustris (L.) were selected as plant species. Our results show that even if the species coexist in the same habitat, they respond differently to nutrient richness. G. densa has a higher nutrient accumulation capacity than M. spicatum and Z. palustris and prefers the water compartment as a nutrient source. Although M. spicatum can accumulate phosphate compounds from water and sediment, ammonium is not its preferred nitrogen source. Z. palustris shows a tendency to accumulate nitrogen compounds through the roots, while it prefers the assimilation of phosphorus compounds through the leaves rather than the roots.
Length–weight relations and condition factors of several endemic and native fish species from Anatolian freshwater
Authors: Onay Hatice , Kurtu Irmak , Kaya Cüneyt , Turan Davut , Bayçelebi Esra
Published: December 2024

This study analyzed the length–weight relations and condition factors of 13 species belonging to three highly endemic genera: Oxynoemacheilus (6), Seminemacheilus (2) and Cobitis (5). Fish were sampled in several streams and lakes using a backpack electroshocker. Analyses were based on a total number of individuals, which was n = 304. A linear regression model was applied to determine the relationship between fish length and weight. The coefficient of determination (R2) ranged from 0.950 to 0.980 for all populations (p < 0.05). Allometric coefficient ‘b’ values ranged from 2.498 to 3.201 for Oxynoemacheilus, from 2.970 to 2.127 for Seminemacheilus, and from 2.111 to 3.076 for Cobitis populations. Fulton’s condition factor for Oxynoemacheilus, Seminemacheilus and Cobitis ranged from 0.391 to 3.080. This study addresses gaps in LWR and CF information for a number of ecologically important freshwater fish species. It is expected that the results of this research provide baseline data for further fisheries management studies and may support conservation studies of related species.
Penyelesaian Sengketa E-Commerce Melalui Online Dispute Resolution Dalam Perspektif Hukum Islam
Authors: Mohammad Farid Fad
Published: December 2024

Along with the increasing use of the internet throughout the world, the number of disputes that have arisen continues to increase. Many web sites have been formed to help resolve this internet dispute, as well as to facilitate settlement of disputes that occur offline so that they are more transparent, accountable and more practical through the Online Dispute Resolution (ODR). Then, what is the actual practice of e- commerce dispute resolution through ODR in the view of Islamic Law? The approach method used in this study is a normative juridical approach and descriptive analytical. The data collection technique used by the author is library research sourced from various literatures such as books, kitab and journal articles. After the data is collected, an analysis will be carried out using the descriptive-analytical method, which is systematically describing the facts or characteristics of the phenomena found in factually and carefully in the field, and carried out qualitatively to get an understanding of the problems studied in more depth. This study concludes that the practice of ODR, which is an extension of ADR practice has a strong historical and legal basis, so the practice of ODR in Islamic law is permitted with the exception of contracts which include elements prohibited by Islamic teachings, such as elements of obscurity (gharar), the object is forbidden, indicated fraud (tadlis), gambling (maysir), and usury.
Pendekatan Hukum Islam Bagi Penerima Obat Gratis ARV di RSUP M.Djamil Padang dalam Mencegah Penularan HIV-AIDS
Authors: Salma  , Urwatul Wusqa  , Muchlis Bahar
Published: December 2024

The patients of HIV-AIDS tend to commit deviant behavior, such as homosexual, bisexual, drugs abuse, and sex workers, though there are other causing factors. The government, however, has provided them with a free-of-charge treatment. This kind of treatment is allocated through one hospital in each province. The present study aims to investigate (1) the objective conditions of HIV-AIDS patients receiving antiretroviral (ARV) treatment at M.Djamil General Hospital (RSUP) Padang, (2) various treatments provided to the patients in the perspective of Islamic law, and (3) the free-of- charge ARV treatment received by the patients from the Islamic law perspective. Designed in a research-based community service, the study employed four strategies, namely: planning, action, observation, and reflection. The data were analyzed descriptively with data reduction, display, and conclusion verification. The findings promote that firstly, the objective conditions of HIV-AIDS patients receiving the ARV treatment at the M.Djamil RSUP Padang until December 2018 comprised 1805 people. They were mainly infected with HIV-AIDS through homosexual and bisexual behavior, the use of drug syringes, and prostitution. After receiving the ARV treatment, they still committed the deviant behavior. Secondly, practically, their behavior was categorized into hudud (penal presciptions) and could not be addressed a punishment for the perpetrators since it was not stipulated in regulations. Thus, taubat (repentance) approach is fostered to deal with.
Peran MUI dalam Penguatan Demokrasi Indonesia
Authors: M Sya’roni Rofii
Published: December 2024

Indonesia is still considered the nation with the world’s biggest Muslim population highlighting democracy. This predicate results from the impact of the country’s large population followed by the acceptance of the Muslim community toward democracy, which is deemed contrary to religious values in some Muslim countries. The acceptance of democracy situated in Indonesia cannot be separated from the legitimacy of religious authority; it refers to the Indonesian Ulema Council (hereafter, MUI). This religious council plays a pivotal role in ensuring democracy as ‘the only game in town’. The present study seeks to answer (1) what is the contribution of the MUI in strengthening democracy in Indonesia? and (2) how do the MUI leaders endeavor when encountering the political situation in the 2019 election demonstrated by an identity politics struggle which tended to divide the Indonesian Muslim communities? Grounded in qualitative library research, the study applied analytic-descriptive analysis. The findings promote that the MUI significantly contributed to ensure the well-established democratic system in Indonesia through their fatwas. It implies that MUI supports the continuation of fair elections and national stability, tackles a dispute over the Indonesia’s election, and fosters that religion is not merely employed as a political tool.
The Implementation of Maqasid Al-Shariah in Shaykh Yusuf Al-Qardhawi’s Fiqh al-Aqalliyat
Authors: Sahidin Amir , Muhammad Alif Rahmadi Muhammad Alif Rahmadi
Published: December 2024

This article aimed to respond Muslim minorities' anxiety in the West, which deals with several dilemmatic choices of daily religious life activity. Muslim minorities are required to obey the teachings of Islam. Still, on the other hand, it contradicts with the reality of how difficult practicing Islamic teachings in Western countries according to the Islamic teachings such in Muslim-majority countries. Therefore, Shaykh Yusuf al-Qardhawi saw the need to initiate fiqh that could guide Muslim minorities in the West to continue to practice Islamic law, although in a slightly different format from prevailing teachings in Muslim-majority countries. This fiqh is popularly known as Fiqh al-Aqalliyat. As initiator, Shaykh Yusuf al-Qardhawi was very concerned about the implementation of maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah. This article used library research. Based on this study, it can be concluded that the implementation of maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah in Shaykh Yusuf al-Qardhawi's Fiqh al-Aqalliyat can be seen from the basis of his arguments, which aims such as the basis of the proposition relying on the law. It is also based on the main source of maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah, the principle of paying attention to universal fiqh rules, etc. Furthermore, we can also consider his fatwas, such as the problem of overseeing the implementation of Friday prayers, the law of inheritance from non-Muslims, christmas compliment to Ahlul Kitab, and establishing Islamic institutions from zakat assets.
The ‘afw Principle and The Indonesian Restorative Justice System
Authors: Alwy Muhammad Rijaldy Alwy
Published: December 2024

This paper explains the implementation of the ‘afw  principle, a forgiveness principle known in Islamic criminal law, as an objective of Restorative Justice. Although the restorative justice has not been regulated in specific and comprehensive legislation in Indonesia, the restorative justice is currently regulated in at least three different institutional regulations, including the Circular Letter of the Chief of the Indonesian Police Number SE/8/VII/2018 (SE Kapolri), the Regulation of Indonesian Attorney Number 15 of 2020 (Perja), and the Decree of the Director General of the General Judiciary Body Number 1691/DJU/SK/PS.00/12/2020 (SK Dirjen Badilum). The three regulations provide a broad and slightly different explanation of how restorative justice objective is, which is likely to be interpreted in different means. However, the three institutional regulations have a similar approach to reconcile the victim and the perpetrator. The reconciliation seems to be a predominant restorative justice objective to enforce a criminal offence in Indonesia. This research uses a doctrinal methodology by analysing primary data sources, such as Indonesian legislation and Islamic sources of law, and secondary sources from relevant literature. The result indicates that there has not been comprehensive Indonesian legislation on restorative justice, particularly in terms of the objective. Incorporating the ‘afw  principle as a restorative justice objective will provide more sense of justice for the victim and the alleged offender.
The Uniqueness of Waqf Land Disputes Resolution Denied by Some Heirs (Case Study of Waqf in Pondok Pesantren X Jombang Jawa Timur)
Authors: Hikmah Nur Yaumil , Hartini  , Robiyantoko Joesoef Shidqi Marsa , Al Firdaus Irfan Aziz
Published: December 2024

This paper discusses a handover of land for waqf from Mrs. Setyowati (a pseudonym) to Pondok Pesantren X (a pseudonym) around 1993-1998 in Jombang, East Java which is done not in front of a Waqf Pledge Deed Official or Pejabat Pembuat Akta Ikrar Wakaf (PPAIW). The waqf done by wakif had not been registered as waqf land at Office of Religious Affairs  or Kantor Urusan Agama (KUA), a substitution deed is required, because the wakif has passed away. During the certification process, some heirs chose to deny the waqf done by their mother due to economic factor and the waqf around 1993—1998 contain a legal flaw. The nazhir chose nyusuki to the heirs as a form of dispute resolution because it is considered a win-win solution. This research is empirical juridical research. This research shows that the act of nyusuki by the nazhir is an effective form of waqf dispute resolution in an amicable manner due to the denial of the waqf by some heirs of the wakif. Although it violates the waqf rules in Indonesia, there are benefits that arise from the act of nyusuki, namely contributing to the smooth development of new educational unit of Pondok Pesantren X so that waqf purpose can be achieved.
Gender Aware Therapy Based on Mubadalah for Family Resilience Pasca Domestic Violence
Authors: Farmawati Cintami , Carland Susan , Razak Marini
Published: December 2024

This research is motivated by the phenomenon of widespread domestic violence which has an impact on failure in the family and psychological problems faced by children. Domestic violence is showing an alarming increase and has an impact on the loss of family unity, so it is necessary to have family functioning in facing difficulties to maintain family integrity after domestic violence. The aim of the research is to find out how mubjadi-based gender aware therapy works for family resilience after domestic violence. This research is qualitative research. The subjects in the research were one family after domestic violence. Data collection methods use interviews, observation and documentation. The data analysis used is data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The research results show that family resilience after domestic violence can be seen from key family processes for adapting to situations after domestic violence. Key family processes involve three components, namely belief systems, family organization patterns, and communication processes. Meanwhile, mubjadi-based gender aware therapy for family resilience is implemented through the stages of problem conceptualization, counseling intervention and termination. In counseling interventions, how to get along between husband and wife in a good way (husnu al mu'asyarah), letting each other go (at taradhi), discussing to reach an agreement (al musyawarah), helping each other (at taawun), and understanding each other is practiced. each other (husnu at tafahum).
From Living Qur'ān to Living Īmān: Syed Naquib al-Attas's Reception of Theological Verses and the Formulation of New Kalam
Authors: Ma'arif Cholid , Rahman Nadia Hanim Binte Abdul , Muslih Mohammad Kholid
Published: December 2024

This article examines Syed Muhammad Naquib al-Attas's understanding and reception of several verses from the Qur'an, which he then used as a basis for the concept of the Islamization of knowledge as outlined in his work entitled "Islam; The Concepts of Religion and The Foundation of Ethic and Morality." In this case, al-Attas's interpretation of theological verses is the material object of the author's research, while the aspect of kalam jadid (new Islamic theology) is its formal object. The researcher uses the living Qur'ān method to understand the urgency of the figure's acceptance of the theological verses he quotes in his work. The researcher chose a qualitative research method that involves observation and literature review to obtain a descriptive-analytical presentation. The findings include: firstly, Al-Attas uses at least 14 verses from the Qur'an with theological interpretations as a basis for formulating kalam jadid, which focuses on the discourse of the Islamization of knowledge through three agendas: change, development and progress.Secondly, in the realm of practical reception, al-Attas's interpretation can be observed in one of his ideological successors in Indonesia, Hamid Fahmi Zarkasyi, who realized the institutionalization of thought through the Islamization of knowledge project, such as by establishing the UNIDA campus, the CIOS institution, and the PKU program. the perspective of the living Qur'an, they represent an effort to bring the Qur'an to life beyond its form as a tradition, but also as a civilization of kalam jadid thought that is immortalized in the institutional realm. That is, starting from the abstraction and reception of verses to the formulation of new kalam and further leading to efforts to bring the Qur'an and faith to life simultaneously.
Zuhud And Its Application In Economic Life: Case Study Of Tarikat
Authors: Fahrurrozi Muhammad , Munandar Siswoyo Aris
Published: December 2024

This article aims to explore the concept of asceticism in the perspective of modern Sufism and its application in economic life. The author is interested in this research because traditionally and in many circles, asceticism is understood as the practice of abandoning worldly pleasures to get closer to Allah, but the interpretation has developed in a more dynamic modern context. Therefore, the author wants to show that the teachings of asceticism do not require leaving the world or living in poverty. This research uses a qualitative method with a descriptive-analytic approach, which includes literature reflections on Al-Qur'an verses related to zuhud and the interpretations of contemporary Sufi scholars. These findings indicate that asceticism in modern Sufism is no longer viewed as an extreme ascetic practice, but rather as a balanced view that emphasizes spirituality and materiality. In an economic context, asceticism is translated as a work ethic that prioritizes honesty, justice and the use of assets for the common good. In this way, the concept of asceticism can contribute to the creation of a more just and sustainable economic system. This research aims to provide new insights for economic practitioners and Sufi enthusiasts in applying spiritual principles in everyday life. Apart from that, this research presents several modern Sufi figures who developed the concept of asceticism without promoting a life of poverty. These figures are an example of zuhud in economic activity and the business world.
Living Qur'an And Hadith: Texts To Actions (The Study On The Kitab Nasihat Zaman 1356 H The Eighth King Of Kubu’s Work)
Authors: Elmansyah Elmansyah , Masri Mohammed Sahrin Haji , Zakirman Al-Fakhri , Nurhadijah Elis
Published: December 2024

Syarif Shaleh Aidrus al-Idrus was the last king to be killed in a mass murder by Japanese soldiers in 1943. Signs of a tragic death were visible when he wrote a book of testaments entitled Nasihat Zaman. As a wise king and leader of the people, He was aware of the potential for moral and mental degradation, both in the palace and in society, after his sacrifice. He wrote his messages so his family and people would always adhere to the Al-Qur'an and Sunnah in their future lives. These pieces of advice are interesting to study further, significantly in terms of how a king fortifies his family and people with morality and devotion to Allah SWT. Advice like this is scarce to come from the writings of a king still in power; maybe it has never even existed in the world. Generally, a king will pass on his throne to his descendants. The study of the contents of this book aims to look further into the concepts of the Living Qur'an and Sunnah, which serve as the basis for every message given by the author. Then, this study wants to show the form of the living Qur'an and Sunnah the author desires. The research method applied in this research is qualitative, with a philosophical approach to the contents of the Kitab Nasihat Zaman manuscript. At a glance, it can be seen that the contents of this book are advice based on the Qur'an and Sunnah so that its form is in line with the spirit of the living Qur'an and Sunnah, which is currently being widely discussed in the academic world, and is trying to be applied in society in the digital era.
The Reality of Islamic Anthropology Through the Halal Industry (Evidence in Tokyo Prefecture, Japan)
Authors: Dahlan Ahmad , Voak Adam , Aprianto Naerul Edwin Kiky
Published: December 2024

This article aims to empirically describe the content of QS (49): 13, which represents Islam as a religion that places human plurality as a unity without being reduced to the background of symbols of ethnicity, belief, and nation. Tokyo was chosen for the study because Tokyo is a city where the Muslim population is a minority, but many Muslim residents have backgrounds from countries around the world; they are developing Islamic teachings in Tokyo through several Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) that are concerned with all related infrastructure. halal industry, especially halal food and halal destinations.This article is a field study in Tokyo prefecture, Japan, in 2024. Data was obtained through observation and in-depth interviews with figures who come from several different nationalities but have similar movements in aspects related to the halal industry and halal destinations in Tokyo.It was found that Muslims in Tokyo are a global representation with very diverse ethnic and national backgrounds. This unity in diversity has had implications for Islam's growth, which has been quite good since the 2000s, although not fast. Recently, some Japanese Muslims have promoted Islam through NGOs, halal products, and destinations as a concept for translating Islam that is inclusive, tolerant, and modern. Anthropologically, this model has provided a more open space for fundamental inter-religious social interactions, not just normative theoretical ones. So, the truth of QS. (49):13 In the context of reality in Tokyo concerning several indicators, Halal food has become popular and is increasing, NGOs labeled as Islamic have spread, and the recognition of the halal industry has been formally recognized by the Japanese government.
IS THE INVASION OF THE AZOV-BLACK SEA BASIN BY THE ARK CLAM ANADARA KAGOSHIMENSIS DANGEROUS?
Authors: Revkov N.
Published: December 2024

The bivalve Anadara kagoshimensis (Tokunaga, 1906), a recent invader of the Azov-Black Sea basin, is classified as one of the most dangerous invasive species in Russia. The main objective of this research was to test the hypothesis about the difference in zoobenthos structure assessed by Shannon, Simpson, Pielou and Margalef ecological indices (otherwise – by indexed «outer contour» of macrozoobenthos condition) in the presence and absence of A. kagoshimensis.
Additionally, the possibility of A. kagoshimensis to enter direct competitive relationships with some native species was considered. The obtained results indicate that the emergence of A. kagoshimensis as an invasive species near the Black Sea coast of Crimea did not result in a modification of the indexed ‘outer contour’ of the structural organisation of the native zoobenthos complex. At the same time, this ‘external’ stability was achieved against a background of internal restructuring of the benthic ecosystem, associated with natural changes in the degree of dominance of individual species. The mere presence of intrasystem changes in the presence of A. kagoshimensis does not prove the determining role of A. kagoshimensis itself in these intrasystem processes. The researchers have no sufficient evidence of direct competition between A. kagoshimensis and native species for substrate and food in areas where they share a habitat. More obvious may be a positive or negative correlation in the dynamics of the development of individual species, mediated by changes in the conditions of their habitat – climatic, edaphic and trophic. An example of this is the substitution (not direct replacement) of the psammophilic bivalve Chamelea gallina by the pelophilic A. kagoshimensis under conditions of biotope siltation. In light of the current state of knowledge regarding the results of the invasion of A. kagoshimensis into the Azov-Black Sea basin, it is not yet possible to conclude that the results are negative or dangerous, given the lack of sufficient evidence.
BRIEF RESULTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING IN OIL SLUDGE STORAGE AREAS
Authors: Baytelova A. , Burceva T. , Rahimova N.
Published: December 2024

Environmental monitoring was conducted in Orenburg Region, specifically in areas characterized by intensive oil production and a significant number of unauthorized temporary oil sludge storage sites, including Perevolotsky, Krasnogvardeysky, Pervomaysky, and Sakmarsky districts. The authors analyzed the content of heavy metals (cobalt, nickel, manganese and chromium), which are part of oil sludge, in soil samples and wheat grains collected at distances of 100 and 2000 m from the boundaries of these temporary storage sites. The obtained concentrations of the studied trace elements did not exceed the maximum permissible concentration. A comparative analysis of the concentrations of heavy metals in agricultural soil and wheat grain was conducted, comparing these levels to their respective background values. Significant differences in the concentrations of heavy metals in the analyzed soil and wheat samples relative to background values were identified. The levels of the trace elements in the sludge-contaminated soil near temporary oil sludge storage sites in the settlements of Pervomaisky, Arkhipovka, and Kinzelka were found to be 1.2 to 2.2 times higher than the background values. The analysis of trace element concentrations in wheat grain revealed that all samples from areas near oil sludge storage sites exhibited higher concentrations compared to those from other locations. Correlation analysis indicated both direct and inverse relationships between the concentrations of trace elements in soil and grain, demonstrating the effectiveness of the sampling methodology and illustrating the migration of the investigated trace elements into wheat grain.
THE NATURE OF DAMAGE TO THE NESTS OF THE OSMIA CORNUTA BEE (LATREILLE, 1805) (HYMENOPTERA: MEGACHILIDAE) BY THE KLEPTOPARASITIC FLY CACOXENUS INDAGATOR LOEW, 1858 (DIPTERA: DROSOPHILIDAE)
Authors: Kuzicheva N. , Amolin A.
Published: December 2024

The results of long-term studies on the parasitism of the Cacoxenus indagator Loew fly in the nests of the Osmia cornuta bee (Latreille) are presented. It was revealed that the fly C. indagator is a characteristic inquilin in the nests of O. cornuta. At the same time, the fact of significant level of infection of this bee nests by the C. indagator fly was established, especially in conditions of artificial breeding. The infection rate of the nests was 56 %, with 13% of nest cells affected. Great maneuverability of the fly was recorded when moving on a solid substrate, female flies can easily move both forward and backward and to the sides (sideways). Parasitism of C. indagator in O. cornuta nests leads to the death of bee larvae, less often to a decrease in the size of the imago. One individual fly usually infects not one, but several bee nests. The seasonal activity of the C. indagator coincides with the nest-building activity of O. cornuta females. The maximum fly activity was recorded between late April and early May, which coincides with the end of the bee’s flight period. The behavior of the fly near the nests allows it to successfully infect the nest cells of the bee, with male cells–located closer to the nest exit–being the most susceptible to infestation. In one nest cell, females of C. indagator lay most often 1 or 3 eggs, with occurrences of more being rare. The number of fly larvae in one nest cell varies from 1 to 14 pieces (on average 2.6). After the end of feeding, C. indagator larvae penetrate by gnawing through the nesting partitions into cells closer to the nest exit, concentrating there or in the nest vestibule. Most of the fly infected cells were located at the exit of the nest (70.7 %), 19.6 % – in the middle and 9.7 % – at the beginning of the nests. A reliable and strong positive correlation was found between the total number of nest cells in infected nests and the number of infected cells in these nests. To prevent infection of O. cornuta nests by the kleptoparasitic fly C. indagator in conditions of artificial bee breeding, it is recommended to open nests and remove fly larvae in the autumn period, as well as to install special traps for C. indagator flies in hives during the period of its search for bee nests.
BEYOND THE COUPE: RECONSTRUCTING FEMALE IDENTITY THROUGH DECONSTRUCTION AND SUBVERSION IN ANITA NAIR'S LADIES COUPE
Authors: Kumar Sooraj , Seema Rajan S.
Published: December 2024

Anita Nair's Ladies Coupe (2001) catechizes the concepts of gender-autonomy, and societal expectations through deconstruction and subversion. It focusses on the life journey of Akhila, a single, middle-aged woman trying to find her identity outside the bounds of patriarchal norms. The novel employs a fragmented narrative structure, with six women in a railway compartment sharing their life stories. These narratives attempt to deconstruct traditional gender roles, exposing the vulnerability of social constructs that impose marriage, motherhood, and female submissiveness. Simultaneously, the act of storytelling becomes a act of subversion, as the women collectively challenge the dominant and authoritarian ideologies to reclaim their identity through their narratives. This article is an earnest effort to explore the manners by which the novelist tries to destabilize the patriarchal binaries—such as male-female and public-private and also critiques the systemic oppressive structures that perpetuate suppression. The novel, dextrously, is placed within a liminal space that allows for the emergence of transformative possibilities, celebrating women's solidarity and resilience. Through the interplay of deconstruction and subversion, Ladies Coupe not only reimagines gendered identities but also contributes to the evolving discourse on feminist literature.
THEORIZING FOLKLORE IN CULTURE AND MODERNITY
Authors: Lalrodingi Catherine
Published: December 2024

Folklore provides a vital lens for which cultural identity, collective memory and societal ideologies are preserved and determined. It preserves and reflects the evolving beliefs, values and structures of societies worldwide. Traditional narratives such as myths, folktales, proverbs and rituals serve as repositories of cultural heritage, encapsulating the essence of human experience across generations. Theoretical frameworks including Structuralist, Marxist and Feminist perspectives have been instrumental in analyzing the complex relationships between folklore and culture. These approaches highlight how folklore articulates established social norms, perpetuates power dynamics and amplifies marginalized voices. Structuralist scholars examine the universal patterns and structures within traditional narratives, while Marxist and Feminist critiques explore themes of class struggle, gender roles and resistance embedded in folklore. This paper also investigates the contemporary relevance of folklore by emphasizing on how it adapts to new forms of media and technology, such as the digital platforms and graphic novels, among others as it ensures its continuity amidst globalization and reveals how folklore serves not only as a repository of tradition, but also as a dynamic force as it shapes and reflects upon modern culture. By examining the intersection of folklore and contemporary media, this study underscores the enduring significance of traditional narratives in addressing societal change and maintaining cultural identity in a rapidly evolving world.
मगही लोकगीतों में भाव सौंदर्य का अद्वितीय वर्णन
Authors: Sharma Ramniwas , Ojha Rashmi
Published: December 2024

मगध प्रांत में गाये जाने वाले लोकगीतों में महत्वपूर्ण परंपराओं में समाहित भावपक्ष और कलापक्ष की सुन्दरता बिराजमान रहती है। इन लोकगीतों में उपस्थित पारम्परिक विचारों और व्यवहारों को वर्तमान समाज के कल्याण के लिए गीत गायन के माध्यम से प्रसारित किया करते हैं। मुख्यतः इन गीतों के गायन के समय इस विषय पर अत्यधिक ध्यान केन्द्रित किया जाता है कि इसके भाव पक्ष में किन-किन वस्तु पर चर्चा किया जा रहा है। क्या इसमें उपस्थित नायक अथवा नायिका का चरित्र समाज के कल्याण के लिए उपयोगी है? और क्या इस गीत के गायन पर आनन्द की प्राप्ति हो पायेगी? एवं इसमें वर्णित वस्तु का समाज पर कोई बुरा असर तो नहीं पड़ेगा। मगही लोकगीतों में विशेषतः चरित्र का स्थान सर्वदा प्रथम रहा है। इन लोकगीतों में गायक या गायिका इस बात पर अधिक ध्यान देते है कि हम जिन गीतों का गायन कर रहे है उसमें उपस्थित चरित्र समाज के मंगल करने योग्य है या नहीं।
IMPACT OF GENDER AND TRAINING MODES ON TEACHING COMPETENCIES AND ATTITUDES: AN ANALYTICAL STUDY OF B.ED. TRAINEES IN INDIA
Authors: Jain Antim , Yadav Haldhar
Published: December 2024

This study explores the impact of gender and training modes on teaching competencies and attitudes among Bachelor of Education (B.Ed.) trainees in India. Using a quantitative approach, the research analyzes survey data from 400 trainees (179 males and 221 females) enrolled in either traditional classroom-based or distance education programs. Descriptive and inferential statistics, including independent t-tests, reveal no statistically significant differences in teaching competencies or attitudes based on gender. The findings suggest that current teacher training programs effectively promote equity, with both genders demonstrating similar pedagogical skills and professional attitudes. Despite these results, the study highlights the potential for optimizing distance education by integrating more experiential and interactive elements to ensure parity with formal training. This research contributes to understanding gender inclusivity in teacher education and emphasizes the need for gender-sensitive and context-specific practices in developing competent educators. Key insights from this study have implications for policy development, aiming to create more equitable and effective teacher training frameworks.
INDIA’S CYBERSECURITY DIPLOMACY: BUILDING GLOBAL ALLIANCES
Authors: Chaudhary Pramod Kumar
Published: December 2024

The emerging interconnection and interdependence of the world, cyberspace has become an indispensable domain that shapes national security, economic growth and stability of the world. With India now emerging as a rising global power and global digital leader, it has catapulted cybersecurity diplomacy as its centrepiece of international agendas. This paper looks at India's attempts at developing global alliances and advancing multilateralism in positioning itself to respond to cyberspace challenges. India’s cybersecurity diplomacy exists at different levels. It is a convinced advocate in multilateral platforms such as the United Nations for norms governing state behavior in cyberspace and for a rules based global order. India works in regional cooperation with South Asian and ASEAN partners in regard to cyber resilience and capacity building initiatives. It has been brokering strong cybersecurity partnerships bilaterally with countries including the United States, Japan, Australia and the European Union on the basis of reciprocal threat intelligence sharing, joint exercises, technological innovation. An additional member of the Quad, India is involved in Indo-Pacific cyber security initiatives seeking to protect critical infrastructure and foster digital inclusivity. India has domain civil cybersecurity defenses and imparted the capacities to a relative through CERT–In and NCIIPC, investment in capacity building programming and public private party ties to the expansion within India’s technological abilities. India maintains that the balancing of cyber sovereignty with principles of an open and secure internet should follow by respecting equitable data governance frameworks and inclusive international standards. But geopolitical tensions, advanced cyber threats, and fast-moving technology still exist. As a proactive player in India’s diplomacy, its form in shaping global cyber governance plays a leading role. India is working to develop a secure digital ecosystem by creating trust, transparency and collaboration, to drive a peaceful, innovative and shared prosperity in the era of unprecedented digital transformation.
The concept of industrial quasi-market: Tracing the research programme evolution
Authors: Komarova Oksana V. , Yaroshevich Natalya Yu.
Published: December 2024

The crisis of modern economic theory and the model of market-centric economy in particular entails the reconsideration of the essence, forms, and limits of the ongoing industrial markets’ transformation. Economic science and practice are in need to understand the specificities of market actors’ interface, overcome the entropy of existing concepts, and form a comprehensive model of economic development. The paper purports to advance the concept of industrial quasi-market at a meso-level and reveal the structural peculiarities thereof. Methodologically, the study rests on neoliberal and new institutional theories. The methods are theoretical-methodological analysis, generalisation, and comparison. The study has identified three branches in the formation of the concept of industrial quasi-market, within which the following its treatments are suggested: as a mechanism of interaction between business and the state; as interfirm and intrafirm interaction in an industrial market; and as a national mechanism of production organisation, distribution, and exchange. Based on the retrospective analysis of economic theories the study substantiates the concept of industrial quasi-market, and determines the attributes which may underlie the system of indicators for assessing its development. The findings refine the theoretical understandings of the industrial markets’ development, primarily of complex technological products, and allow designing methods for measuring the efficiency of market structures as well as industrial policy methods.
The potential of spatial economic theories in studying municipalities’ economic well-being
Authors: Belousova Elizaveta A.
Published: December 2024

The interdisciplinary nature of modern economic research contributes to the growing scientific popularity of spatial economics, which performs as an integrator when exploring various objects. The paper aims at investigating the explanatory potential of spatial economics in relation to the economic well-being of municipalities. Methodologically the study relies on a host of theories forming the foundation of spatial economics. The methods include the abstract logical method, deduction and induction. The study identifies and analyses five stages in the evolution of the theoretical basis of spatial economics and shows the spatial aspect of creating municipalities’ economic well-being, which manifests itself in maintaining the economic activity in the territory as well as its population and is based on the reproduction process. The reproduction process then is a space-forming one, while such parameters as distance (connectedness), (dis)advantages of location, and distribution (concentration) reflect spatial inclusiveness of a municipality, presence of objects either increasing the risks of its development or its attractiveness, and the limits of territorial capacity, respectively. These parameters can also be applied to determine the level of municipalities’ economic well-being. The findings may underlie the development of a research methodology and a method for measuring the level of municipalities’ economic well-being.