bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Pendapatan Petani Rumput Laut Selama Masa Pandemi COVID-19 di Kabupaten Bulukumba
Authors: Wahyu Farhanah
Published: September 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perubahan harga rumput laut selama pandemic covid-19 terhadap pendapatan petani rumput laut. Penelitian ini diambil pada bulan April sampai Juli 2021 di Kelurahan Bintarore Kabupaten Bulukumba, metode penelitian menggunakan metode wawancara secara deskriptif eksploratif dengan tetap menggunakan protokol kesehatan yang diberlakukan pemerintah selama pandemic. Hasil wawancara dengan menggunakan analisis pendapatan dan R/C ratio. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian bahwa pandemi Covid-19 memberi dampak yang buruk terhadap jumlah pendapatan petani rumput laut. Nilai jual rumput laut yang rendah dengan biaya produksi jauh berbeda saat sebelum pandemic. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa harga rumput laut jenis Eucheuma cottoni mengalami penurunan harga jual yakni sebesar Rp16.000, dimana harga rumput laut saat sebelum pandemic Rp. 24.000. Perubahan harga tersebut mempengaruhi pendapatan petani rumput laut dengan hasil analisis R/C ratio adalah 0,6 lebih kecil dari angka 1 yang artinya usaha budidaya rumput laut saat adanya pandemic mengalami kerugian. Sehingga diperlukan strategi pengembangan budidaya rumput laut dan pembinaan diversifikasi hasil budidaya yang mampu dikembangkan selama pandemic.

ABSTRACT

The present study aims to determine the effect of changes in seaweed prices during the COVID-19 pandemic on the income of seaweed farmers. Data collection was taken from April to July 2021 in the Bintarore Village, Bulukumba Regency. An exploratory descriptive interview method with health protocols were imposed during data collection. A R/C ratio was calculated for data analysis. The results showed that Covid-19 pandemic had a negative impact on the income of seaweed farmers. The low selling value of seaweed with production costs is much different before the pandemic. The price of Eucheuma cottoni commodity went down from IDR27,000 to IDR16,000. These price changes affect the income of seaweed farmers with the results of the R/C ratio analysis was 0.6.  This suggests that the seaweed cultivation business during a pandemic suffers losses. Therefore, a strategy for developing seaweed cultivation such as diversification of aquaculture products is required during a pandemic.
Identifikasi Waktu Efektif Menumbuhkan Kandungan Bakteri Pada Fermentasi Ampas Tahu dengan Isi Perut Ikan Tongkol Krai (Auxis thazard)
Authors: Tandirerung Chaterine Rumambo Tulak , Cahyono Indra , Alifia Frida , Kantun Wayan
Published: September 2022

Pakan merupakan kompenen utama dengan biaya paling mahal dalam budidaya ikan secara intensif. Oleh sebab itu, dicari alternatif pakan murah dengan teknologi sederhana untuk menekan biaya operasinal pakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui waktu efektif yang dibutuhkan untuk fermentasi limbah ampas tahu dan isi perut ikan tongkol krai (Auxis thazard) dan mengetahui koloni bakteri. Penelitian dilaksanakan Juni sampai Juli 2021 di Balai Penerapan Mutu Produk Perikanan (BPMPP) Makassar. Metode penelitian ini bersifat eksperimental yaitu fermentasi limbah ampas tahu dan isi perut ikan tongkol selama 4, 8 dan 12 hari dengan perbandingan 1:1 (isi perut ikan tongkol: ampas tahu). Hasil fermentasi kemudian dilakukan perhitungan koloni bakteri menggunakan ALT. Hasil penelitian ALT menunjukkan jumlah bakteri pada fermentasi ampas tahu dengan isi perut ikan tongkol yakni 3.7x106 koloni/g - 5.4x106 Koloni/g pada ikan kecil, 4.2x105 koloni/g - 22.3x105 koloni/g pada ikan sedang, dan 4.2x105 koloni/g - 22.3x105 koloni/g pada ikan besar. Bahwa waktu fermentasi ampas tahu dengan isi perut ikan tongkol berkontribusi terhadap peningkatan jumlah total bakteri.

 

A B S T R A C T

Feed is the main component with the most expensive cost in intensive fish farming. Therefore, it is necessary to look for cheap feed alternatives with simple technology to reduce feed operational costs. This study aims to determine the effective time required for fermentation of tofu waste and entrails of tuna krai (Auxis thazard) and to determine bacterial colonies. The research was carried out from June to July 2021 at the Makassar Fishery Product Quality Application Center. This research method is experimental, namely the fermentation of tofu waste and tuna entrails for 4, 8, and 12 days with a ratio of 1:1 (tofu dregs: tuna stomach contents). The results of the fermentation were then calculated using ALT. The results of the ALT study showed that the number of bacteria in tofu dregs fermentation with tuna stomach contents was 3.7x106 colonies/g - 5.4x106 Colonies/g in small fish, 4.2x105 colonies/g - 22.3x105 colonies/g in medium fish, and 4.2x105 colonies. /g - 22.3x105 colonies/g in large fish. That the fermentation time of tofu dregs with tuna stomach contents contributed to the increase in the total number of bacteria.
Pengaruh Paparan Logam Timbal Terhadap Kematian Embrio Ikan Medaka Embrio (Oryzias celebensis Weber, 1894) di Indonesia
Authors: Damayani Indah Ashary , Kurniawan B Agus , Yaqin Khusnul , Irmawati
Published: September 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan pengaruh paparan logam timbal terhadap embrio dan tingkat kelangsungan hidup Ikan Medaka. Laju proporsional mortalitas dan survival rate embrio ikan medaka yang terpapar logam Pb pada nilai yang berbeda pada konsentrasi 0,02 mg / l, 0,2 mg / l dan 2 mg / l. Pengumpulan data kematian dilakukan setiap jam selama 10 hari dengan mengamati jumlah telur yang mati disamping mengamati kematian juga tingkat kelangsungan hidup. Hasil analisis data mortalitas dengan nilai rata-rata dan standar deviasi didapatkan mortalitas embrio ikan medaka pada kontrol berbeda nyata dengan kelompok kontrol. Dampak toksikologi embrio lebih terlihat pada konsentrasi mortalitas yang lebih tinggi (2 mg/l) dibandingkan dengan konsentrasi yang lebih rendah (0,02mg / l). Insiden tertinggi sebesar konsentrasi deviasi standar (0,02mg / l). Hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa semakin tinggi pengaruh konsentrasi logam Pb, maka kematian atau kelangsungan hidup embrio ikan medaka yang umum terjadi di perairan permukaan sungai pattunuangasue semakin rendah.

A B S T R A C T

The present study aimed to determine the mortality of embryos and the survival rate of medaka fish exposed to Pb metal. The proportional rate of mortality and survival rate of medaka fish embryos exposed to Pb metal at different values at concentrations of 0.02 mg/l, 0.2 mg/l and 2 mg/l. Mortality data collection was carried out every hour for 10 days by observing the number of dead eggs in addition to mortality also observed survival rates. Mortality data analysis results with the average value and standard deviation obtained mortality of medaka fish embryos at the control were significantly different from the control group. The embryo toxicological impact was more pronounced in higher mortality concentrations of (2mg/l) compared to lower concentrations (0.02mg/l). Their highest incidence amounted to standard deviation concentrations of (0,02mg/l). The study proved significant the higher the concentration of Pb metals impact, the mortality or the lower the survival rate of medaka fish embryos commonly occurring in surface waters in Pattunuangasue river.
Struktur Komunitas Plankton di Perairan Pantai Tanjung Kasuari, Kecamatan Sorong Barat, Kota Sorong
Authors: Katili Vicky Rizky , Kasim Muh
Published: September 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui struktur komunitas plankton yang meliputi kelimpahan, keanekaragaman, keseragaman, dominansi, kesamaan habitat di Perairan Pantai Tanjung Kasuari. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa fitoplankton yang ditemukan terdiri dari 3 kelas yaitu kelas Bacillariophyceae (27 genera), kelas Cyanophyceae (1 genus), dan kelas Dinophyceae (3 genera): zooplankton terdiri dari 7 kelompok yaitu Crustacea (8 genera), Protozoa (8 genera), Rotifera (1 genus), Urochordata (1 genus), larva Gastropoda (1 genus), larva Pelecynoda (1 genus), dan larva Polychaeta (1 genus). Komposisi jenis fitoplankton tertinggi pada setiap stasiun dari kelas Bacillariophyceae yang berkisar antara 81-91 % dan zooplankton dari kelompok Crustacea berkisar antara 31-55 % dari total jenis yang ada. Kelimpahan fitoplankton pada setiap stasiun pengamatan berkisar antara 527-6.991 ind/I dan kelimpahan zooplankton berkisar antara 8-152 ind/l. Jenis fitoplankton selalu ditemukan pada setiap stasiun pengamatan adalah Coscinodiscus, Navicula, Nitzschia, Rhizosolenia, Thalassiothrix, Peridinium. Sedangkan zooplankton selalu ditemukan adalah Calanus, Nauplius, dan Oithona. Nilai indeks keanekaragaman plankton berkisar antara 1.74-2,84 nits/individu, indeks keseragaman berkisar antara 0,53-0,80 dan indeks dominansi berkisar antara 0,08-0,27.

A B S T R A C T

The present study aimed to determine the structure of the phytoplankton community including abundance, diversity, uniformity, dominance, habitat similarity in Tanjung Kasuari Coastal Waters. The results showed that the phytoplankton found consisted of 3 classes, namely Bacillariophyceae class (27 genera), Cyanophyceae class (1 genus), and Dinophyceae class (3 genera): zooplankton consisted of 7 groups, namely Crustacea (8 genera), Protozoa (8 genera), Rotifera (1 genus), Urochordata (1 genus), Gastropod larvae (1 genus), Pelecynoda larvae (1 genus), and Polychaeta larvae (1 genus). The highest phytoplankton species composition was from the Bacillariophyceae class which ranged from 81-91% and the zooplankton from the Crustacean group ranged from 31-55% of the total species. The abundance of phytoplankton each observation station ranged from 527 to 6,991 ind/I and the abundance of zooplankton ranged from 8-152 ind/l. Types of phytoplankton often found in all observation station are Coscinodiscus, Navicula, Nitzschia, Rhizosolenia, Thalassiotrix, Peridinium. The zooplankton often found, Calanus, Nauplius, and Oithona. The plankton diversity index value ranged from 1.74-2.84 nits/individual, the uniformity index ranged from 0.53-0.80 and the dominance index ranged from 0.08-0.27.
Flotation processing of copper-containing technogenic raw materials using a composite flotation reagent
Authors:   Institute of Metallurgy and Ore Beneficiation,, Semushkina L. , Tussupbayev N.K. ,   Satbayev University,   Institute of Metallurgy and Ore Beneficiation,, Turysbekov D.K. ,   Institute of Metallurgy and Ore Beneficiation,, Narbekova S.M. ,   Institute of Metallurgy and Ore Beneficiation,, Kaldybayeva Zh.A. ,   Institute of Metallurgy and Ore Beneficiation,
Published: September 2022

The article presents the results of laboratory research on the possibility of flotation processing of copper-containing technogenic raw materials. Studies were performed using a sample of copper-containing tailings obtained after the processing of copper ore from the Kazakhstan deposit and a composite flotation reagent. The application of a combination of various collectors allows for raising technological indicators of flotation. The purpose of the research is the increase extraction of copper at flotation of copper-containing technogenic raw materials with the application of a composite reagent. The studied sample of tailings contains 0.23% of copper. A mixture of sodium butyl xanthate and thionocarbamate in the ratio of 1:1 was used as a composite flotation reagent. Parameters of flotation of copper-containing tailings were worked out: degree of regrinding, charges of sodium butyl xanthate, blowing agent T-92, and a composite reagent. Composite flotation reagent was fed into the flotation process of copper-containing tailings in the form of emulsion produced in a T 18 digital ULTRA-TURRAX dispersant. The optimal emulsification time of the composite flotation reagent was 1 min. Without emulsification in the composite reagent the percentage of particles smaller than 1.192 µm is 55.047%. After emulsification of the composite reagent for 1 minute, the percentage of particles smaller than 1.192 μm is 91.134%. In optimum basic mode the rough copper concentrate with a copper content of 4.2% was obtained with the extraction of 61.56%. With the use of a composite reagent, a blister copper concentrate with a copper content of 4.5% and a recovery of 66.54% was obtained. Extraction of copper increases by 4,98%.
English Testing of the optimum extragent for solvent-extraction of Almaly deposit copper
Authors:   Satbayev University, Chepushtanova T.A. , Yessirkegenov M.I. ,   Satbayev University, Mamyrbayeva K.K. ,   Satbayev University, Merkibayev Y.S. ,   Satbayev University, Nikolosky A. ,   Murdock University
Published: September 2022

For the solvent extraction of copper from pregnant leach solutions, (PLS) a wide range of modern extractants is currently offered on the market, and its choice is a very important issue in the production of copper using the SX-EW (Solvent Extraction and Electrowinning) technology. The purpose of this work was to determine the optimal copper extractant for processing productive solutions of the Almaly deposit using the SX-EW. The studies were carried out with a productive solution obtained by leaching copper ores from the Almaly deposit of composition, g/dm3: 1) Cu– 0.262, Fe–17.97, SiO2–0.36. The results of copper extraction from model solutions showed that the maximum extraction of copper (94%) is observed when using the extractant 5% Acorga 5640, while the other extractants did not provide a high degree of extraction of 10% Lix984 - 93%; 10% Acorga 5640 - 91%; 10% Acorga 5910 and 10% Acorga 5747 - 85% each. According to the results of the retraction process, a high degree of copper extraction from the organic phase (90.2 and more) was ensured when using extractants of 5% Acorga 5640, 10% Lix984, and 10% Acorga 5640, the minimum - at 10% Acorga 5910 (88.2%). For the extraction of copper from the productive solution of the Almaly deposit 5% Acorga 5640 was chosen as the optimal extractant.
Electrothermal production of ferroalloy from tripoli
Authors:   M.Auezov South Kazakhstan University, Shevko V.M. , Mirkayev N.M. ,   M.Auezov South Kazakhstan University, Aitkulov D.K. ,   National Center on complex processing of mineral raw materials of the Republic of Kazakhstan
Published: September 2022

The article presents the research results on the electrothermal production of a ferroalloy from an amorphous sedimentary rock tripoli. The studies were carried out by electric melting in a single-electrode arc furnace using the second-order rotatable experiment planning (Box-Hunter plan). The influence of the amount of coke and steel chips on the degree of extraction of silicon into the alloy and the content of silicon in it is determined. It was found that silicon from tripoli to ferroalloy passes by 49-90.6%, and the silicon content in the alloy is 28-48%. Ferrosilicon grade FS25 (23.0-29% Si) is formed in the presence of 30-33.6% coke and 40.6-45.0% steel chips, grade FS45 (41-46.6% Si) with 32.1-40.9% coke and 26.2-37.0% steel chips. The maximum degree of silicon extraction (90.0-90.3%) in FS45 grade ferrosilicon (42.6-43.5% Si) is observed in a small coke range (36.0-37.3%) and steel chips (33.0-35.2%). Using tripoli instead of quartzite in the charge makes it possible to reduce the duration of the process by 1.2 times.
Synthesis and application of nonionic graft copolymers P(mPEG-g-MMA)
Authors:   JSC “Kazakh-British Technical University”, Myrzakhanov M.M. , Negim El-Sayed ,   JSC “Kazakh-British Technical University”, Nasir Mohammad ,   University Sains Malaysia, Azzam K.M. ,   Al-Ahliyya Amman University
Published: September 2022

The goal of this research is to prepare novel amphiphilic graft copolymers (nonionic) based on hydrophilic poly (ethylene glycol) methyl ether (mPEG) and hydrophobic methyl methacrylate (MMA) at room temperature and pressure. To generate P(mPEG-g-MMA) grafts, poly (ethylene glycol) methyl ether (mPEG) was synthesized and grafted with varied ratios of methyl methacrylate (MMA) in the existence of benzoyl peroxide as an initiator utilizing a macro-free radical initiator procedure under the effect of heating in toluene. The research discussed in this paper looked at the possibility of using the synthesized graft copolymer P(mPEG-g-MMA) as a nonionic demulsifier in Petroleum Crude Oil Emulsions. The produced nonionic surfactants were assessed as water demulsifiers in oil emulsions that were noticeable at varying oil: water ratios at 60oC. According to the demulsifier chemical compositions as well as concentrations, the testing findings revealed that the dehydration rate of the prepared demulsifiers reached 100%. The optimal demulsifier dose was 300 ppm.
La honte d’être soignant face à la mort annoncée en oncologie
Authors: Karcher B.
Published: September 2022

Dans cet article, nous tenterons d’éclairer la fonction de la honte en déterminant ce que peut recouvrir cet affect chez un soignant en oncologie. Pour ce faire, nous étayerons l’hypothèse que la honte chez celui-ci peut être une sauvegarde subjective. Pour cela, nous démontrerons que la honte du soignant peut être le signe d’une souffrance mais également une défense permettant de se resubjectiver par le biais d’un appel au regard de l’autre puis d’une demande de rencontre amenant parfois la question de « la demande » au sens psychanalytique du terme.
ASEAN’S AND QUAD’S WAYS TO SECURE ASIA PACIFIC: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS
Authors:   MGIMO-University, Moscow, Russia, KABLUKOV Kirill S.
Published: September 2022

Since the mid-2010s, trade and economic wars in the Asia-Pacific region between the United States and China has begun to acquire a geopolitical character, which led to the escalation of many frozen conflicts in the region. One of the consequences of this confrontation was the constitution of the Quadrilateral Security Dialogue (QUAD). This entity, despite its informal nature, has become increasingly involved in the regional agenda of the Asia-Pacific region, undermining the results of ASEAN's long work of concentrating regional security issues within its institutions. This article is aimed at a comparative analysis of the foreign policy mechanisms of QUAD and ASEAN in the context of the formation of a regional security system in the Asia-Pacific region. The author argues that QUAD and ASEAN have conceptual differences in their approaches to ensuring security in the region. For ASEAN, these are progressive practices for resolving conflicts based on international law and multilateralism. For QUAD, these are traditional, realistic methods of power competition based on the balance of power and military. At the end of the article, the author comes to the conclusion that each approach has its own strengths and weaknesses in realms of regional stability and development. In addition, the author argues that the reaction of the Chinese government to the processes of regional transformation will be decisive in the issues of regional security in the Asia-Pacific region for the short-term perspective.
COVID-19 PANDEMIC: THE VIETNAM EXPERIENCE
Authors:   IMEMO RAS, Moscow, Russia, TERSKIKH Mikhail A.
Published: September 2022

The article discusses the methods of dealing with a new coronavirus infection in Vietnam, the combination of which allows us to speak of a special "Vietnamese model". The actions of the Vietnamese leadership are analyzed, the features of socio-economic development during the pandemic are described. The author comes to the conclusion that initially Hanoi adhered to the “zero tolerance” strategy against the virus, however, when faced with a more virulent strain of COVID-19, it was forced to coexist with it.
AUSTRALIA: PLANS OF THE GOVERNMENT FOR ECONOMIC RECOVERY AFTER THE EPIDEMIC
Authors:   Institute of oriental studies, Russian academy of sciences (MOSCOW), MOSOLOVA Olga V.
Published: September 2022

Abatement of economy in Australia from epidemic was smaller than in the most other countries. The reason of this situation was, specifically, broad plan of financial aid which the government granted to the enterprises and households. At present the economy of the country is in recovery. In a whole the economy of Australia indicated a good stability at the time of epidemic. The government prepares the plan of structural reforms for supporting of economy in the future. The government has the opinion what the economic policy must be concentrate on the creation of opportunities for just one more period of strong and steady economic growth. The important factor which must facilitate preservation of high rates of economic growth is the improvement of the conditions for business activities. Competition strengthening can assist to development of innovations and the growth of the productivity of economy.
BINTANG SWA BHUWANA PAKSA, OR THE AIR FORCE MERITORIOUS SERVICE STAR OF INDONESIA
Authors:   Institute of oriental studies, Russian academy of sciences (MOSCOW), ZAKHAROV Anton O.
Published: September 2022

The award system of Indonesia currently includes fourteen orders and thirty-three medals. The history of award system of Indonesia and its connections with Indonesian politics and state development is almost unknown. There are official documents such as laws, presidential and government decrees which help to examine the instituting of orders and decorations, and open sources including encyclopedias, newspapers, and news websites which give an information about awardees. The paper deals with the Air Force Meritorious Service Star of Indonesia – Bintang Swa Bhuwana Paksa instituted in late 1968 by then-President Suharto. He also instituted two orders for other branches of the Armed Forces of Indonesia –Bintang Jalasena, or the Navy Meritorious Service Star, and Bintang Kartika Eka Paksi, or Army Meritorious Service Star. These decorations served to praise loyal army officers who actively supported the New Order Regime of Suharto. The Air Force Meritorious Service Star is a sign of a professional position of an officer in the Indonesian Air Forces (Tentara Nasional Indonesia Angkatan Udara).
HISTORICAL POLITICS IN JAPANESE-SINGAPORE RELATIONS
Authors:   HSE University, Moscow, Russia, BONDARENKO Nikita A.
Published: September 2022

The article analyses the influence of issues of the historical issues on the contemporary Japan-Singapore relations. The key features of the Singaporean memory about the World War Two are revealed. The connection between the contemporary Singaporean politics of memory and nation-building processes is explored. The contemporary Japanese approach to the policy towards SEA countries has been analysed. The author argues that Japan tries to reincarnate its idea of “Greater East Asia Co-prosperity Sphere”. Therefore, it is important for Japan to put the past of the aggressive imperial policy out of the contemporary relations with Singapore, as well as with other countries of Southeast Asia. The absence of barriers in the Japan-Singapore relations due to the historical past is linked with specific features of the Singaporean politics of memory and “forgetting” strategy, which is used by both states.
Estimating the Supply Response of Cured Tobacco at Barn Level in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Authors: Sajjad  , Haq Zahoor ul , Iqbal Javed
Published: September 2022

Various aspects of tobacco have been examined through different studies. However, input demand and supply response of tobacco at the barn level remains unknown. This study examines profitability, input demand, and supply response of tobacco in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa by employing a normalized restricted trans log profit function. The findings indicate that tobacco production is profitable, and barn owners in the province are responsive to changes in output and input market prices. The use of labor and fuel wood in the processing of green leaves is very important in resource allocation decisions. The demand for labor and fuel wood increases as the price of tobacco output rises at the barn level. Furthermore, higher input prices have anegative effect on the province's tobacco supply. This study suggests that the government should seek an alternative to fuel wood that wouldn't only help in reducing costs but also be beneficial to the environment and prevent deforestation.
Restoration and Rehabilitation of Traditional Heritage for Sustainable Tourism Development: A Case Study of Tehjian Heritage Market, Neelum Valley, Azad Jammu and Kashmir
Authors: Anwer Adnan , Arif Anas Mahmud , Hameed Abdul
Published: September 2022

Cultural heritage is the property comprising monuments, buildings, and art specimens. It also includes intangible assets like language, religion, skills, and tradition. Heritage sites need to be preserved in the present day so that they can benefit future generations. But being exposed to both natural threats and human vandalism, many important heritage sites have disappeared from different parts of the world, including the Azad Jamun & Kashmir (AJ&K). The AJ&K region of Pakistan is blessed with an eye-catching landscape and rich cultural heritage. The region attracts millions of tourists from across the country and abroad due to its pleasant weather and scenic beauty. But this flow of tourists can only be seen during the summer. The flow can be sustained throughout the year if other sources, especially heritage sites, are promoted for cultural tourism. The Tehjian Heritage Market, located in the Nelum Valley, comprises 37 traditional wooden shops. This traditional market has been losing its value due to negligence and lack of management; thus needs to be revived for the promotion of sustainable cultural tourism. This paper presents a comprehensive rehabilitation plan for the restoration and revival of the Tehjian Heritage Market for sustainable tourism development.
Green Human Resource Management (GHRM) and Environmental Sustainability: A Case Study of the Banking Industry of Pakistan
Authors: Maqsood Mahreen , Malik Waseem Shahid , Khan Muhammad Imran
Published: September 2022

The sustainability of the world is today threatened by the carelessness in actions of humans and organizations towards the environment. The objective of this study is to find out the role of those HR practices that lead to environmental sustainability. For this purpose,the study takes the banking sector for its evaluation. The main variables selected by this study, which are tested for their impact on environmental sustainability, are green recruitment, green training and development, green reward management system, and green performance management practice. The study selects a random sample of 122 respondents from different banks. ANOVA is used to test the relationship between dependent and independent variables. Results show that all the independent variables significantly affect the dependent variable in the banking industry. The study recommends banks adopt GHRM practices, including job rotation, conducting training and workshops, and setting green targets for everyone.
Impact of Hierarchy of Influence Model on Reporting from the Conflict Zone: An Assessment of the Journalists' Perceptions
Authors: Ali Mahboob , Iqbal Zafar
Published: September 2022

This study fills this gap and examines how various level of the hierarchy of influence model corresponds with the journalists' perceptions and which other influence may be powerful in case of conflict reporting. To get insights into the problems faced by the local journalists in conflict reporting and the media's role in reporting on conflict in today's communication environment, a close-ended questionnaire was developed. A total of 358 journalists were selected for the survey in 14 conflict zones identified in the country. The results show that sampled journalists reporting from the conflict zone are not influenced by their personal beliefs and convictions in conflict reporting.Moreover, we conclude that journalists are influenced by colleagues in other media, competing news organizations, and audiences, friends, and family), who have a significant influence on the journalists' performance in conflict reporting.
Does Blockchain Technology Facilitate the Tax System in the Era of Industry 4.0?
Authors: Ashfaq Khurram , Riaz Adil , Iftikhar Farhan
Published: September 2022

The use of blockchain technology in the tax system is quite new and has not been studied so far in the context of developing nations. The study explores how blockchain technology can be applied to the indirect tax system of a developing country, specifically for electronic invoices. A sample of seven employees who were from different fields such as the Federal Board of Revenue (FBR), Institute of Charted Accountants of Pakistan (ICAP), private institutions and the commerce department were interviewed. Results revealed that Blockchain technology can be used to distribute safe tax data, such as the Tax invoices serial numbers, which will make submitting the Tax invoices serial numbers more efficient and faster. In addition, the Tax invoices' serial numbers transactions can be tracked and analyzed. government meant must pay attention to the peculiarities of blockchain technology while undertaking a design linked to the implementation of blockchain technology in tax systems.
Information Asymmetry and Analyst Forecast in Market-Wide Investor Sentiment
Authors: Majid Safyan , Awais Muhammad , Iqbal Javed
Published: September 2022

This study investigates the role of market-wide investor sentiment on the level of information asymmetry and analyst forecast error. The role of market-wide investor sentiments in the valuation and forecasts by analysts is still uncertain. In addition to this, the role of market-wide investor sentiment in influencing information asymmetry between the market participants is a pertinent question. This study attempts to close this gap by answering the impact of market-wide investor sentiment on information asymmetry and analyst forecasting dispersion. The study utilized the data of public listed firms in the USA and employed multiple regression fixed effect model to estimate the results. The results concluded that investor sentiment increases the information asymmetry and analyst forecast errors. That confirms that optimistic investor sentiment brings in the noise of trading and unsophisticated trading mechanism in the stock market, thereby questioning the classical theory of finance, which only relies on the fundamental analysis. The study provides important insights for the investors and analysts to incorporate behaviors and sentiments while undertaking valuation and trading decisions.
Trade Development in Pakistan: An Evidence by Gravity Model Approach
Authors: Lakhan Allah Bux , Keeryo Zulfiqar Ali , Khuwaja Faiz Muhammad
Published: September 2022

This study estimated the trade potential of Pakistan by using the gravity model of trade. In this research, the panel data is used for the time period 1995-2018 for 42 counties under analysis. The country's potential trade is predicted with some specific trading partners as well as globally in the context of coefficients results obtained from the model. The outcomes indicated that Pakistan's potential in terms of trade is at maximum level in (ASEAN), (EU), Middle East, Latin America and North America. The potential for trade is very lower with (SAARC) and (ECO). The key issues analyzed by this study are; political and social barriers with neighboring countries, specifically India and Pakistan, which are the biggest economies of SAARC. The same barriers seemed in the EU and NAFTA. In this situation, the Exports of Pakistan are badly impacted by political crises.
Effect of Using Video Clips in Teaching of General Science on Academic Achievement of Students: An Experimental Study
Authors: Ali Muhammad Asghar , Sarwar Tooba , Tabassum Fouzia
Published: September 2022

The aim of this research was to measure the effect of short educational videos on students' academic achievement while teaching general science. The experimental research design was used for the present research. All twenty 7th grade students enrolled in government secondary school Rera District Bagh AJK Pakistan were taken as sample and generating random numbers, two equal groups were formed. Researchers developed a post-test containing Written MCQ Type questions from Text Book of General science. The data were collected by post-tests in order to find an effective way of teaching using video clips in the teaching of general science at the elementary level. The researcher analyzed data by using a t-test independent sample with the help of SPSS-24 software. The results of the study showed that teaching with educational video clips has a positive effect on achievement. To improve science teaching at this level, short and informative videos have been recommended.
Impact of Science Teachers' Attitude on Academic Achievement of Students at Secondary Level in Lahore
Authors: Akhtar Mubashara , Ilyas Marina , Dastgir Ghulam
Published: September 2022

The present study was designed to find out the effect of science teachers' attitudes on the academic performance of secondary graders. This study was quantitative in nature that employed a causal comparative research design. The tools used to measure the attitude of teachers was a questionnaire, while academic achievement was determined from the result of BISE. The data collection tool was validated by experts to check its validation, while the reliability of the tool was ensured by piloting it on 80 students. The final version of the questionnaire has a reliability value 0.83. for data collection, 700 teachers were sampled from the total population by using purposive sampling and a questionnaire was administered to them by the researchers personally. The results of the data show that the attitude of teachers are varied across different factors.
Ecological Validation of WHODAS 2.0 for Disability Assessment in Pakistan
Authors: Manzoor Afaf , Hameed Abdul , Munir Hina
Published: September 2022

Disability is a complicated term to define, especially in a country like Pakistan, where the definition of disability is still debatable. The existing service delivery models, including disability assessment, are based on the medical model. The objective of the study was to use the standardized instrument WHO Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS-2.0) and establish its ecological validity for disability assessment in Pakistan. Data was collected from 371 out-of-school children with disabilities from three districts of Punjab by using the purposive sampling technique. An innovative method was used to establish ecological validity by taking 45 randomly selected cases among samples, and these cases were presented to a panel of nine experts/raters. The findings of the study concluded a correlation between raters' total score and total sample score, which was found positively strong and significant as r = .819, p = < .001, and it indicated that the use of the WHODAS 2.0 version is ecologically fit forthe use of disability assessment.
Importance of Peer Review Technique for Enhancing Learning and Teaching Quality at University Level
Authors: Mahmood Shumaila , Shafiq Farah , Sharif Nida
Published: September 2022

This research paper explored the peer review strategy's use at the university postgraduate classroom level for enhancing students learning and quality teaching. A phenomenological study design was adopted to capture the experiences of the teachers and students. The findings indicated that peer review enhances students' understanding of curricular tasks, ability to review their own work, and ability to provide constructive feedback to others. While peer review improves one's reasoning, writing, and communication skills, in contrast, students also experience negative behaviors during peer reviewing tasks such as lack of attention related to process, biasedness, favoritism, a lack of patience, and improper language usage. University postgraduate students must be trained in peer review training because it enhances their analysis capabilities and productiveness and promotes academic integrity and ethics among students, while teachers can benefit from enhanced teaching quality.
Mindfulness and Goal Setting Proficiency Relationship: A Case of Prospective Teachers
Authors: Butt Khadijah , Farooq Muhammad Shahid
Published: September 2022

This study examined the relationship between prospective teachers' mindfulness and their goal-setting proficiency. A correlation research method was used. Through a multi-stage random sampling process, a sample of 500 prospective teachers who were pursuing a BS in Education was chosen for data collection. 372 prospective teachers returned their questionnaires. Cronbach's Alpha value measured the reliability, and expert opinion was used to establish the validity of two instruments that were developed by the researcher. After collecting the data, analysis was applied that indicated a positive,moderate, and significant relationship between mindfulness and prospective teachers' goal-setting proficiency, which means prospective teachers, who believed they were mindful, showed an inclination towards having goal-setting proficiency as well. Qualitative, as well as quantitative research must be conducted to increase knowledge and fill the gaps in the literature about the potential of mindfulness and goal-setting proficiency of prospective teachers.
Effect of Techno-Stress on the Work Behavior of University Teachers
Authors: Khan Abid Ali , Shahzad Shumaila , Gull Hina
Published: September 2022

The present study aimed to explore the effect of techno stress (TS) on university teachers' work behavior (WB). The study was quantitative in nature. A total of nine universities were included in the sample of the study, such that each university was selected from each of the nine divisions of Punjab,Pakistan. There was a total of 3786 (1319 female and 2467 male) faculty members in the overall population, from which a sample of 494 faculty members was selected. The present study has been based on standardized questionnaires with written approval directly by research authors via email communication. The standardized instruments on techno stress (Ragu-Nathan et al. 2008) and work behavior (Koopmans, 2015), respectively, were used to collect data from the teachers of the universities regarding techno stress and work behavior. The inferential statistical technique regression was applied to reach the findings that techno stress had an inverse effect on the work behavior of university teachers.
Language Acquisition Theories, Process and its Stages
Authors: Masood Hafiz Abdul Majid , Rani Rashida , Fatima Safura
Published: September 2022

It has been an interesting field for researchers of language to find out ways to acquire a language efficiently and effectively. The last few decades have been critically important from the viewpoint of enunciation of theories on the acquisition of language. Some pioneers of linguistics have strive to bring forth certain factors which are conducive to accelerating the acquisition of a language. Though in recent decades, the acquisition theories have evolved and have assumed new shapes, however, all of them stand defined against the theoretical frameworks projected by B.F Skinner and Noam Chomsky. It has also been established that for the acquisition of language, one has to undergo the specific process of stepping ahead stage-wise before one acquires efficiency in speech and script. The study in hand incorporates to determine the milestones in the way of acquisition of language.
The Dialectics of Utopia and Utopian Impulse
Authors: Ahmad Muhammad Mahmood , Saeed Sohail Ahmad , Naeem Ahmad
Published: September 2022

This paper aims to offer a dialectical view of Utopia and utopian impulse in utopian theory. Politically, Utopia is associated with a reductionist leftist politics which overlooks essential human diversity and psycho-social conflicts by imposing harmony and progress through implicit violence. In aesthetic representation, Utopia is seen as an ideal society which offers a glorious transformation of mankind living in a society free of wants and conflicts. However, Utopian theory is essentially different from such meta narratives about Utopia and its pr-axis. Instead of focusing on the political or aesthetic concept of Utopia, it brings forth a dialectical analysis of Utopia and Utopian impulse to understand its aesthetic, political and theoretical dimensions. This paper claims that the utopian impulse is the central subtext of diverse utopian manifestations, which offers a narrative of critique and a continual process of theoretical sublimation and pursuit of an ideal society free of systemic ills.
A Communicative Competence Perspective of the Role of English as Linguistic Capital: An Analysis of the Pakistani Job Market
Authors: Anwer Ali , Gill Aneela
Published: September 2022

In Pakistani corporate set-ups, proficiency in English is taken as competence in communication; other important aspects of communicative competence are overlooked. The research carried out so far is from the point of view of Management and Organizational Behavior and none from the linguistic perspective. The current study is an attempt to find out the relationship between English as linguistic capital as part of Communicative Competence and employees' job performance via job satisfaction and promotion in the Corporate Sector. As a theoretical framework for this study, a hybrid model has been established by combining the model of communicative competence by Celce-Murcia (2007) and the model of types of Capital by Bourdieu (1986). The model includes competence in five areas, viz. Socio-Cultural, Discourse, Linguistic, Formulaic and Interactional. To see the effect of communicative competence on the employees' performance, i.e., job satisfaction and promotion, both quantitative and qualitative approaches have been used.
Exploration of Idealism and Realism in Arthur Miller's Play, Death of a Salesman
Authors: Khan Raees , Zeb Kamran , Noor Sanaa Malaikah
Published: September 2022

The current research examines the elements of Idealism and Realism in Arthur Miller’splay Death of a Salesman. Miller’s play is opted through purposive sampling technique. Primary source, a Play, Death of a Salesman, and secondary sources, such as dissertations, articles, thesis, and newspapers are used as an instrument for data collection. Plato's Idealism and the realism of Aristotle are used as a framework for the present work. Idealism is revealed through the analysis of the hero, Willy Loman's Character. The protagonist misunderstands American Dream, he is a dreamer salesman. He wants to become a successful businessman, but he fails. Willy lives in illusions,while the real world is absolutely different. He is the echo of postmodern American society. Realism is an important theory identified in Miller's play, Death of a Salesman. Charley is a practical character in the play, his approach is rational, practical and realistic towards life.
Colonial Epidermalization: A Thematic Study of Sherman Alexis's ‘The Lone Ranger and Tonto Fistfight in Heaven'
Authors: Tariq Misbah , Bakht Khush , Rukh Harmain
Published: September 2022

Colonialism led to the fabrication of certain inferiority complexes on the part of the colonized subjects.The colonizers succeeded in doing so through the inclusive diffusion of racial stereotypes. This perpetuation made colonized nations like Native Americans lose their indigenous voices, and they soon assimilated themselves into the Euro-American world and its identities. The articles crutinises how the colonized subjects were not only physically persecuted, but their identities were also distorted, disfigured, and then misrepresented to the world. The colonisers shaped and sculpted these identities through an exploitive mechanism which Franz Fanontermed 'Epidermalization' in one of his famous works,Black Skin White Masks. The paper employs the conceptualization of Epidermalization with reference to' The Lone Ranger and Tonto Fistfight in Heaven' by Sherman Alexie. While using the concepts of Epidermalization of inferiority and internalization, the paper highlights how the continuous confrontation of binaries and inferiority during the process of Colonialism caused a heightened sense of desperation and frustration among the Native Americans along with the internalization of white supremacy.
Microbially induced sedimentary structures and the preservation of vertebrate tracks on the Colorado River delta in Lake Powell, Hite, Utah
Authors: Simpson Edward , Wizevich Michael , Pittinger Dakota , Rogers Garrett , Lazer Kayla
Published: September 2022

Microbially induced sedimentary structures (MISS) increase the preservation potential of vertebrate and invertebrate ichnofossils. The Colorado River forms a delta in Lake Powell at Hite, Utah, and the deltaic shoreline provides a natural laboratory to examine the development of MISS and their influence on vertebrate track preservation. Two types of MISS were identified: pustular and blister. Pustular MISS occur in proximity to the June 2020 high water line. The pustular morphology is characterized by mm-scale small mounds, or pimple-like shapes. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) examination identified preserved filamentous cyanobacteria intertwined with fine silt- and clay-sized sediment and well-preserved freshwater diatoms. Branta canadensis (Canada goose) tracks are well developed and they vary from single tridactyl tracks to trampled horizons. Blister MISS, in contrast to pustular MISS, are present in lower elevations, forming in deeper water, greater than 0.5 m. Blisters are mm- to cm-scale irregular mounds that consist of arching mats that are detached from the underlying sediment creating a pore space. Through time the blister mat mounds are destroyed by fragmentation due to desiccation combined with wind processes. FESEM and energy-dispersive spectroscopy system (EDS) analyses indicate the presence of filamentous cyanobacteria on the exterior and palisade Bacillus-type bacteria are in the interior of the blister arch, and gypsum crystals within the mat arch. Freshwater diatoms are present in both mat types. A single human track and multiple trackways of Canis latrans (coyote) were identified on the blister mats. Weakly impressed Canada goose tracks are present. Tracks cross cutting or modifying the pustular MISS have preserved MISS surface textures except in the heavily trampled areas, whereas tracks linked to the blister mat typically do not have reserved mat texture, and usually contain fragmented mat within the impression. Because of fluctuating lake levels and desiccation, these track types had a limited temporal window where they may be produced when moisture conditions permitted MISS development, about two months. Any vertebrates through the area out of the “track window” were not recorded in sediment and mat modification. Tracks imprinted on pustular MISS in lacustrine environments will have a high preservation potential if there are annual fluctuations in lake levels.
Impacts of Foreign Direct Investment on the Economic Growth of Some European Countries in the Context of the Covid-19
Authors: Dao Hoang-Tuan
Published: September 2022

This study reviewed the impacts of foreign direct investment (FDI) on the economic growth of 7 European countries with panel data models in the context of the strong impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on macroeconomic growth and stability. Data was collected from the first months of 2021 from the IMF and ILO of 8 countries including Germany, Sweden, Netherlands, Finland, Italy, Switzerland, France, and Spain. The results showed that FDI has made an important contribution to the GDP growth of these countries, becoming an important solution in ensuring growth, stabilizing the macro-economy, and helping these countries increase their economy’s resilience against the pandemic.
What should we consider besides immune checkpoint drugs on the way to improvement of the efficacy?
Authors: Moiseenko F.V.
Published: September 2022

This review article is dedicated to discussion of systemic factors, related to immune system functioning, including antitumor activity. Diet, systemic inflammation, microbiome are the elements of systemic homeostasis that closely interact with tumor microenvironment and thus influence the activity of immunocompetent cells.