bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Physical exercise in Aging: Nine weeks of leg press or electrical stimulation training in 70 years old sedentary elderly people
Authors: Zampieri Sandra , Mosole Simone , Löfler Stefan , Fruhmann Hannah , Burggraf Samantha , Cvečka Ján , Hamar Dušan , Sedliak Milan , Tirptakova Veronica , Šarabon Nejc , Mayr Winfried , Kern Helmut
Published: August 2015

Sarcopenia is the age-related loss of muscle mass and function, reducing force generation and mobility in the elderlies. Contributing factors include a severe decrease in both myofiber size and number as well as a decrease in the number of motor neurons innervating muscle fibers (mainly of fast type) which is sometimes accompanied by reinnervation of surviving slow type motor neurons (motor unit remodeling). Reduced mobility and functional limitations characterizing aging can promote a more sedentary lifestyle for older individuals, leading to a vicious circle further worsening muscle performance and the patients' quality of life, predisposing them to an increased risk of disability, and mortality. Several longitudinal studies have shown that regular exercise may extend life expectancy and reduce morbidity in aging people. Based on these findings, the Interreg IVa project aimed to recruit sedentary seniors with a normal life style and to train them for 9 weeks with either leg press (LP) exercise or electrical stimulation (ES). Before and at the end of both training periods, all the subjects were submitted to mobility functional tests and muscle biopsies from the Vastus Lateralis muscles of both legs. No signs of muscle damage and/or of inflammation were observed in muscle biopsies after the training. Functional tests showed that both LP and ES induced improvements of force and mobility of the trained subjects. Morphometrical and immunofluorescent analyses performed on muscle biopsies showed that ES significantly increased the size of fast type muscle fibers (p<0.001), together with a significant increase in the number of Pax7 and NCAM positive satellite cells (p<0.005). A significant decrease of slow type fiber diameter was observed in both ES and LP trained subjects (p<0.001). Altogether these results demonstrate the effectiveness of physical exercise either voluntary (LP) or passive (ES) to improve the functional performances of aging muscles. Here ES is demonstrated to be a safe home-based method to counteract fast type fiber atrophy, typically associated with aging skeletal muscle.
Geology and mineral deposits of the Zeballos-Nimpkish area, Vancouver Island, British Columbia
Authors: Hoadley J W
Published: August 2015

The Zeballos-Nimpkish area occupies a quadrangle of about 1,100 square miles in northern Vancouver Island, British Columbia, and spans the island from the northeast to the southwest coasts. Ports on these coasts are readily accessible from Vancouver or Victoria;
elsewhere, access is by aircraft, by logging road, by motor boat on the several large lakes, and by scattered trails. The mining history of the area commenced about 1905 with the discovery of several magnetite iron deposits, but interest in these and in later discoveries of several lode gold and
copper-lead-zinc deposits remained in general at a low ebb until about 1934, when small but spectacularly high-grade auriferous quartz veins were discovered in the Zeballos district. From then until 1942 the Zeballos mining camp was the scene of great activity, with several producing mines and
numerous others in various stages of development. All mines in the district closed during World War II, and subsequently only one, the Privateer, reopened only to close again in 1948. Current activity is once again largely confined to the magnetite deposits.

The present report, illustrated by three geological maps on a scale of 1 inch to 1 mile, is based on field work for the Geological Survey by Dr. H. C. Gunning in 1929, 1931, and 1932, and by .Dr. J. W. Hoadley, the author of this memoir, in the years 1947 to 1950, inclusive. It is concerned mainly
with the general stratigraphy and lithology of the sedimentary and volcanic formations, which appear to be of early Mesozoic age; with the origin, mode of formation, and relations of the various and varied bodies of plutonic rocks, most of which are allied to the great bulk of the Coast intrusions
of the mainland of the province; and with the economic geology and mineral deposits of the separate map-areas.
Regional geoscience information : Ottawa-Hull
Authors: Belanger J R , Harrison J E
Published: August 2015

Initiated in 1970, the project to supply geoscience information for the Ottawa-Hull area provides both background data on geological conditions and reference material for regional planning. Precambrian igneous and metamorphic rocks outcrop to the north and on the
up thrown side of major faults, as well as form the basement of the area. Flat to nearly flat-lying limestone, sandstone, dolomite, and shale of Paleozoic age overlie the Precambrian rocks in most of the study area. Glacial deposits of till and sand and gravel have been modified extensively by wave
action or have been buried under thick marine clays during inundation of the area by the Champlain Sea. During and fallowing emergence of the land from the sea, the present river channels were cut and older channels were abandoned resulting in the formation of numerous scarps. Data on bedrock
geology and geotechnical characteristics of the bedrock were compiled on two maps included in this report. The presence of major fault s, jointing, and the easily erodable nature and the sulphureous water content of some shales all influence regional planning . The map of surficial materials and
terrain features reveals the area to be complex with the predominant depositional unit, from the urban planning point of view, being Champlain Sea clays. Borehole and seismic data form a data bank from which bedrock topography and drift thickness trend maps have been produced by computer. Bedrock
topography maps reveal a deep buried channel beneath the present course of Ottawa River downstream from Chaudiere Falls and a bedrock valley underlying the present course of Rideau River . Drift is up to 240 feet (75 m) thick along the course of the Ottawa River buried channel; thicknesses over 100
feet (30 m) are not uncommon east of Ottawa and along the north side of Ottawa River in the Quyon map area. The data presented are primarily for the purpose of demonstrating the utility of geoscience information. Urban areas are urged to gather, analyze , and use more geoscience information in
regional planning .
FeR-1, FeR-2, FeR-3 and FeR-4, Four Canadian Iron- Formation Samples Prepared For Use As Reference Materials
Authors: Abbey S ,   Geological Survey of Canada, McLeod C
R , Liang-Guo W
Published: August 2015

Analytical data received in the course of collaborative analyses of four samples of Canadian iron formation are presented. Most probable contents are derived from these data for most of the major and minor constituents as well as for some trace elements. These
materials are suitable for use as reference samples in the analysis of similar materials.
The marine geology of the inner Scotian Shelf off the south shore, Nova Scotia
Authors: Piper D J W , Mudie P J , Letson J R J , Barnes N E , Iuliucci R J
Published: August 2015

The innermost JO km of the South Shore coast is described, showing that both bedrock and surficial geology are a continuation of that seen on land. The offshore geomorphology is essentially an extension of the Maritime peneplane, which has been modified to
produce overdeepened basins, particularly in granites. The bedrock surface is cut by sinuous, discontinuous, and anostomosing channels up to 60 m deep. A comprehensive account of late Wisconsinan and early Holocene stratigraphy and sedimentation in this coastal and inner shelf environment has been
presented based on seismic profiles and the detailed study of sediments and fauna in 20 piston cores. Although most sediment is derived through the erosion of till cliffs, the Holocene sediment budget suggests that much of the observed nearshore sand must have moved shorewards with the Holocene
transgression .
Mineral potential of the Mount Sedgwick area, Yukon Territory (Northern Yukon National Park resource assessment - phase II)
Authors: Findlay D C , Gleeson C F , Bell R T , Goodfellow W D , Lancaster R D
Published: August 2015

Field investigations to assess the potential for undiscovered metallic minerals in an area included in a proposed National Park are described. Geochemical surveys were carried out and indicate moderate mineral potential for Mo, W, U, Sb, Au and base metals in and
around the Mount Sedgwick granitic pluton. Following a brief description of the general geology the geochemical data are presented and interpreted.
Dexmedetomidine for Sedation during Withdrawal of Support
Authors: O'Hara Chris , Tamburro Robert F. , Ceneviva Gary D.
Published: August 2015

Agents used to control end-of-life suffering are associated with troublesome side effects. The use of dexmedetomidine for sedation during withdrawal of support in pediatrics is not yet described. An adolescent female with progressive and irreversible pulmonary deterioration was admitted. Despite weeks of therapy, she did not tolerate weaning of supplemental oxygen or continuous bilevel positive airway pressure. Given her condition and the perception that she was suffering, the family requested withdrawal of support. Despite opioids and benzodiazepines, she appeared to be uncomfortable after support was withdrawn. Ketamine was initiated. Relief from ketamine was brief, and its use was associated with a “wide-eyed” look that was distressing to the family. Ketamine was discontinued and a dexmedetomidine infusion was initiated. The patient's level of comfort improved greatly. The child died peacefully 24 hours after initiating dexmedetomidine from her underlying disease rather than the effects of the sedative.
A client-side JATS4R validator using Saxon-CE
Authors: Maloney Chris , Eaton Alf , Beck Jeff
Published: August 2015

JATS4R (jats4r.org) is a group that provides guidelines for tagging scholarly articles in JATS XML to maximize machine-readability and the potential for content reuse. When the group formalizes a recommendation, we encode the rules in Schematron. For checking instance documents against the rules, we have implemented a validation tool (hosted at http://jats4r.org/validator/). When an instance document is processed, it is first parsed with a JavaScript implementation of xmllint, then validated against the DTD, if one is specified. The validator then checks the document against the Schematron rules, and generates a report in Schematron Validation Report Language XML (SVRL). To avoid the maintenance costs of hosting a server-side tool, the validation tool is written in JavaScript, using an emscripten port of libxml, and Saxon-CE as the client-side XSLT processor. This allows it to be hosted on a static site and run entirely within the user’s web browser. The XSLT files used for validation are generated from the Schematron rulesets offline, and an HTML report is generated from the SVRL validation results using a further XSLT transformation.
XSDGuide - Automated Generation of Web Interfaces from XML Schemas: A Case Study for Suspicious Activity Reporting
Authors: Gotti Fabrizio , Heffner Kevin , Lapalme Guy
Published: August 2015

This article presents XSDGuide, a software prototype aimed at facilitating the creation of user interfaces consistent with a data model expressed as a set of XML schemas. XSDGuide was developed while researching intelligent user interfaces for data entry associated with the production of Suspicious Activity Reports (SARs) conforming to NIEM-SAR, an XML-based information-dissemination framework. These SARs communicate potentially suspicious or unlawful incidents to the appropriate authorities. The XSD schemas defining a specific SAR are fed to XSDGuide, which then automatically creates user interface guides, rendered on a web page. The user can interact with this application to populate the report’s fields, validate the SAR being created and save the report as a valid XML instance. Validation is a two-step process, where a JavaScript ruleset created from the schema pre-validates the document in the browser before it is sent for full validation to the back end, which relies on a traditional full-fledged validator. Despite the prototype’s limitations, the HTML interfaces that are generated allow users to inspect and become familiar with complex schemas and also to produce validated XML instance documents for the purposes of experimentation and testing.
Implementing a System at US Patent and Trademark Office to Fully Automate the Conversion of Filing Documents to XML
Authors: Morris Terrel , Gross Mark , Khare Amit
Published: August 2015

Many governmental and private organizations, such as the US Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO), gather massive collections of content, including legal documents, filings, and contracts. Most such collections consist of images and image-based PDFs; they're not searchable or minable for the critical information that these organizations need to function. As data collections grow larger and are measured in terabytes, conventional conversion techniques-as efficient as they may be-are not economically feasible. The Holy Grail has always been a fully automated process without human interaction. This paper will describe the implementation of such a system at the USPTO. The system, which has been fully functional for over two years, is processing millions of pages each month with turnaround often measured in minutes.

We will describe the approach taken to digitally pre-process incoming page images to improve the Optical Character Recognition (OCR) quality, clean up extraneous materials, and convert extracted text into fully formed XML with tagged structures and linked images. We also present an implementation approach for assembling banks of standard servers that operate in parallel with software to route and load-balance incoming materials, facilitating rapid expansion, flexibility, and scaling as production volume increases.

Finally, we will highlight the impact of these processes and the resulting transformation within the USPTO since the inception of the program.
XSLT Pipelines in XSLT
Authors: Hillman Tomos
Published: August 2015

Pipelines consisting of XSLT transforms are in common use, particularly in the publishing industry. The transformations as well as the pipelines themselves are re-usable, and may need to be run in several environments. This paper proposes two possible pipeline implementations where only the existence of an XSLT processor is guaranteed at run time, and discusses their advantages and limitations.
Hyperdocument Authoring Link Management Using Git and XQuery in Service of an Abstract Hyperdocument Management Model Applied to DITA Hyperdocuments
Authors: Kimber Eliot
Published: August 2015

The authoring and management of hyperdocuments through non-trivial development and publication life cycles presents an inherent challenge in the management of the links that make the documents hyperdocuments. When those documents involve the reuse of content within a single publication or among multiple publications the challenge is amplified. There are two principal requirements: managing the resolution of a given invariant address to the appropriate target or targets in the context of a given configuration of the hyperdocument components (e.g., a specific version in time) and in the context of a specific use of a given re-usable component. This is generally expressed as the problems of "version-aware linking" and "use-context-specific linking". Both problems can be addressed through some form of indirect addressing which can solve the use-context-specific linking problem, but does not, by itself, solve the version-aware linking problem (although indirect addressing facilities can be used to represent version- or configuration-specific addreses as an implementation strategy). In addition, there are practical challenges in the human management of hyperdocuments, especially where different related publications have asynchronous or loosely-coordinated revision and publication cycles. Any link management approach must address both the basic challenge of how to represent and resolve addresses and how to support the practical challenges faced by authors of hyperdocuments.

This paper presents an abstract model of hyperdocument management, which satisfies the link and address management requirements, and shows how that model can be implemented in practice using the git version control system (or its equivalent) and a supporting XQuery database that provides essential link management features authors require. Documents based on the Darwin Information Typing Architecture (DITA) standard are used to illustrate the problem and solution as DITA provides an indirect addressing facility that both illustrates the problem and provides part of the solution. DITA also enables (and encourages) reuse, providing real-world examples of all the challenging link management use cases addressed in this paper.
Comparing and diffing XML schemas
Authors: Walmsley Priscilla
Published: August 2015

Schemas evolve over time, and it is useful to be able to automatically compare versions of a schema in order to provide detailed, accurate documentation to implementers. Automatically “diffing” schemas is also an effective quality control technique, ensuring that inadvertent changes were not made, and that all changes made are backward compatible (if that is a goal).

When taking into account the variety of ways of expressing a content model, and the possibility that advanced schema features were used, it is necessary to go beyond simple text diffing or even XML diffing. By first “canonicalizing” schemas to make them easier to compare, and then cataloging the differences between schemas we can answer questions like “Is this schema backward compatible?” and “Is this schema a subset or superset of another schema?”
Smart Content for High-Value Communications
Authors: White David
Published: August 2015

14 years after the original XML specification reached recommendation status and more than 30 years since SGML solutions had proven the rich value and significant return on investment for technical documentation, there is still a relatively low number of XML-based publishing system deployments for non-technical, high-value communications. Even though marketing departments, product managers, and enterprise publishing departments face similar challenges as those that documentation departments have addressed, the value of automated publishing from structured content has eluded these additional audiences. For these teams of non-technical, subject matter experts and supporting communications departments, there continue to be too many roadblocks on the value path to an XML-based dynamic publishing solution. Quark's Smart Content methodology and RNG schema is meant to address the needs of non-technical communicators with a rethinking of the fundamental differences required to allow this new user base to join the dynamic publishing community.
Publishing TEI documents with TEI Simple
Authors: Wicentowski Joseph C. , Meier Wolfgang
Published: August 2015

TEI Simple addresses two challenges shared by many humanities-based text digitization projects that adopt the Text Encoding Initiative (TEI) Guidelines: (1) it defines a reduced tag set focused on the needs of encoding modern and early modern books to support interchange, and (2) it adds a processing model for TEI documents which can be expressed with the TEI vocabulary itself, and without requiring any knowledge about the specific target media. The result is a promising technology stack that empowers editors to control the output of their documents across media formats without reliance on stylesheet experts or programmers, and both simplifies and reduces the cost of application development. This presentation will demonstrate the Office of the Historian’s recent adoption of TEI Simple for its publications using the TEI Simple Processing Model library for eXist.
Differences in Weight-Related Behavioral Profiles by Sexual Orientation Among College Men
Authors: VanKim Nicole A. , Erickson Darin J. , Eisenberg Marla E. , Lust Katherine , Rosser B. R. Simon , Laska Melissa N.
Published: August 2015

Purpose.

To identify and describe homogenous classes of male college students based on their weight-related behaviors (e.g., eating habits, physical activity, and unhealthy weight control) and to examine differences by sexual orientation.

Design.

Study design was a cross-sectional sample of 2- and 4-year college students.

Setting.

Study setting was forty-six 2- and 4-year colleges in Minnesota.

Subjects.

Study subjects comprised 10,406 college males.

Measures.

Measures were five categories of sexual orientation derived from self-reported sexual identity and behavior (heterosexual, discordant heterosexual [identifies as heterosexual and engages in same-sex sexual behavior], gay, bisexual, and unsure) and nine weight-related behaviors (including measures for eating habits, physical activity, and unhealthy weight control).

Analysis.

Latent class models were fit for each of the five sexual orientation groups, using the nine weight-related behaviors.

Results.

Overall, four classes were identified: “healthier eating habits” (prevalence range, 39.4%–77.3%), “moderate eating habits” (12.0%–30.2%), “unhealthy weight control” (2.6%–30.4%), and “healthier eating habits, more physically active” (35.8%). Heterosexual males exhibited all four patterns, gay and unsure males exhibited four patterns that included variations on the overall classes identified, discordant heterosexual males exhibited two patterns (“healthier eating habits” and “unhealthy weight control”), and bisexual males exhibited three patterns (“healthier eating habits,” “moderate eating habits,” and “unhealthy weight control”).

Conclusion.

Findings highlight the need for multibehavioral interventions for discordant heterosexual, gay, bisexual, and unsure college males, particularly around encouraging physical activity and reducing unhealthy weight control behaviors.
Living (Rose-Bengal-stained) benthic foraminiferal faunas along a strong bottom-water oxygen gradient on the Indian margin (Arabian Sea)
Authors: Caulle C. , Mojtahid M. , Gooday A. J. , Jorissen F. J. , Kitazato H.
Published: August 2015

Abstract. Rose-Bengal-stained foraminiferal assemblages (> 150 μm) were analysed along a five-station bathymetric transect across the core and the lower part of the oxygen minimum zone (OMZ) on the Indian margin of the Arabian Sea. Sediment cores were collected using the manned submersible Shinkai 6500 during the RV Yokosuka cruise YK08-11 in the post-monsoon season (October 2008) at water depths ranging from 535 to 2000 m, along a gradient from almost anoxic to well-oxygenated (0.3 to 108 μM) bottom waters. Stained benthic foraminifera were investigated from two different size fractions (150–300 μm and > 300 μm). Stained foraminiferal densities were very high in the core of the OMZ (at 535 and 649 m) and decreased at deeper sites. The faunas (> 150 μm) were dominated (40–80 %) by non-calcareous taxa at all stations. These were mainly species of Reophax and Lagenammina but also included delicate monothalamous taxa (organic-walled "allogromiids", agglutinated saccamminids, psammosphaerids and tubular forms). These new data from the Indian margin are compared to previous studies from the Murray Ridge, the Pakistan margin and the Oman margin. The fact that similar species were found at sites with comparable bottom-water oxygen concentrations but with very different surface water productivity suggests that, within the strongly developed Arabian Sea OMZ, bottom-water oxygen concentration, and not the organic flux to the sea floor, is the main factor controlling the species composition of the foraminiferal communities. Several foraminiferal species (e.g. Praeglobobulimina sp. 1, Ammodiscus sp. 1, Bolivina aff. dilatata) were confined to the core of the OMZ. These species are presently known only from the Arabian Sea. Because of their association with extremely low oxygen concentrations, these species may be good markers for very low oxygen concentrations, and could be used to reconstruct past OMZ variability in the Arabian Sea.
Climate-driven shifts in continental net primary production implicated as a driver of a recent abrupt increase in the land carbon sink
Authors: Buermann W. , Beaulieu C. , Parida B. , Medvigy D. , Collatz G. J. , Sheffield J. , Sarmiento J. L.
Published: August 2015

Abstract. The World's ocean and land ecosystems act as sinks for anthropogenic CO2, and over the last half century their combined sink strength grew steadily with increasing CO2 emissions. Recent analyses of the global carbon budget, however, uncovered an abrupt, substantial (~ 1 PgC yr−1) and sustained increase in the land sink in the late 1980s whose origin remains unclear. In the absence of this prominent shift in the land sink, increases in atmospheric CO2 concentrations since the late 1980s would have been ~ 30 % larger than observed (or ~ 12 ppm above current levels). Global data analyses are limited in regards to attributing causes to changes in the land sink because different regions are likely responding to different drivers. Here, we address this challenge by using terrestrial biosphere models constrained by observations to determine if there is independent evidence for the abrupt strengthening of the land sink. We find that net primary production has significantly increased in the late 1980s (more so than heterotrophic respiration) consistent with the inferred increase in the global land sink, and that large-scale climate anomalies are responsible for this shift. We identify two key regions in which climatic constraints on plant growth have eased: northern Eurasia experienced warming, and northern Africa received increased precipitation. Whether these changes in continental climates are connected is uncertain, but North Atlantic climate variability is important. Our findings suggest that improved understanding of climate variability in the North Atlantic may be essential for more credible projections of the land sink under climate change.
Perivascular Mesenchymal Stem Cells From the Adult Human Brain Harbor No Instrinsic Neuroectodermal but High Mesodermal Differentiation Potential
Authors: Lojewski Xenia , Srimasorn Sumitra , Rauh Juliane , Francke Silvan , Wobus Manja , Taylor Verdon , Araúzo-Bravo Marcos J. , Hallmeyer-Elgner Susanne , Kirsch Matthias , Schwarz Sigrid , Schwarz Johannes , Storch Alexander , Hermann Andreas
Published: August 2015

Brain perivascular cells have recently been identified as a novel mesodermal cell type in the human brain. These cells reside in the perivascular niche and were shown to have mesodermal and, to a lesser extent, tissue-specific differentiation potential. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are widely proposed for use in cell therapy in many neurological disorders; therefore, it is of importance to better understand the “intrinsic” MSC population of the human brain. We systematically characterized adult human brain-derived pericytes during in vitro expansion and differentiation and compared these cells with fetal and adult human brain-derived neural stem cells (NSCs) and adult human bone marrow-derived MSCs. We found that adult human brain pericytes, which can be isolated from the hippocampus and from subcortical white matter, are—in contrast to adult human NSCs—easily expandable in monolayer cultures and show many similarities to human bone marrow-derived MSCs both regarding both surface marker expression and after whole transcriptome profile. Human brain pericytes showed a negligible propensity for neuroectodermal differentiation under various differentiation conditions but efficiently generated mesodermal progeny. Consequently, human brain pericytes resemble bone marrow-derived MSCs and might be very interesting for possible autologous and endogenous stem cell-based treatment strategies and cell therapeutic approaches for treating neurological diseases.

Significance

Perivascular mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) recently gained significant interest because of their appearance in many tissues including the human brain. MSCs were often reported as being beneficial after transplantation in the central nervous system in different neurological diseases; therefore, adult brain perivascular cells derived from human neural tissue were systematically characterized concerning neural stem cell and MSC marker expression, transcriptomics, and mesodermal and inherent neuroectodermal differentiation potential in vitro and in vivo after in utero transplantation. This study showed the lack of an innate neuronal but high mesodermal differentiation potential. Because of their relationship to mesenchymal stem cells, these adult brain perivascular mesodermal cells are of great interest for possible autologous therapeutic use.
Hvad er DOI og hvorfor skal vi bruge det?
Authors: Frederiksen Niels Erik
Published: August 2015

Fra efteråret 2015 tilbyder Statsbiblioteket og AU Library sine OJS-tidsskrifter DOI-registrering. I denne artikel kan I læse om hvad DOI er, og hvorfor I måske gør klogt i at tilmelde jer servicen.
Statsbibliotekets Open Journal Systems server: Fra 5 til 55 tidsskrifter på 8 år
Authors: Thestrup Jesper Boserup , Frederiksen Niels Erik
Published: August 2015

Statsbibliotekets og AU Library’s tilbud om at udgive tidsskifter for redaktioner med til knytning til Aarhus Universitet eller Kulturministeriet har siden starten i 2008 gennemgået en voldsom udvikling. I denne artikel vil vi kort redegøre for de overordnede træk i udviklingen samt tidsskifternes forhold til Open Access og Den Bibliometriske Forskningsindikator.
Regulation of mRNA translation during mitosis
Authors: Tanenbaum Marvin E , Stern-Ginossar Noam , Weissman Jonathan S , Vale Ronald D
Published: August 2015

Passage through mitosis is driven by precisely-timed changes in transcriptional regulation and protein degradation. However, the importance of translational regulation during mitosis remains poorly understood. Here, using ribosome profiling, we find both a global translational repression and identified ∼200 mRNAs that undergo specific translational regulation at mitotic entry. In contrast, few changes in mRNA abundance are observed, indicating that regulation of translation is the primary mechanism of modulating protein expression during mitosis. Interestingly, 91% of the mRNAs that undergo gene-specific regulation in mitosis are translationally repressed, rather than activated. One of the most pronounced translationally-repressed genes is Emi1, an inhibitor of the anaphase promoting complex (APC) which is degraded during mitosis. We show that full APC activation requires translational repression of Emi1 in addition to its degradation. These results identify gene-specific translational repression as a means of controlling the mitotic proteome, which may complement post-translational mechanisms for inactivating protein function.
Structural dynamics of E. coli single-stranded DNA binding protein reveal DNA wrapping and unwrapping pathways
Authors: Suksombat Sukrit , Khafizov Rustem , Kozlov Alexander G , Lohman Timothy M , Chemla Yann R
Published: August 2015

Escherichia coli single-stranded (ss)DNA binding (SSB) protein mediates genome maintenance processes by regulating access to ssDNA. This homotetrameric protein wraps ssDNA in multiple distinct binding modes that may be used selectively in different DNA processes, and whose detailed wrapping topologies remain speculative. Here, we used single-molecule force and fluorescence spectroscopy to investigate E. coli SSB binding to ssDNA. Stretching a single ssDNA-SSB complex reveals discrete states that correlate with known binding modes, the likely ssDNA conformations and diffusion dynamics in each, and the kinetic pathways by which the protein wraps ssDNA and is dissociated. The data allow us to construct an energy landscape for the ssDNA-SSB complex, revealing that unwrapping energy costs increase the more ssDNA is unraveled. Our findings provide insights into the mechanism by which proteins gain access to ssDNA bound by SSB, as demonstrated by experiments in which SSB is displaced by the E. coli recombinase RecA.
A mitochondria-anchored isoform of the actin-nucleating spire protein regulates mitochondrial division
Authors: Manor Uri , Bartholomew Sadie , Golani Gonen , Christenson Eric , Kozlov Michael , Higgs Henry , Spudich James , Lippincott-Schwartz Jennifer
Published: August 2015

Mitochondrial division, essential for survival in mammals, is enhanced by an inter-organellar process involving ER tubules encircling and constricting mitochondria. The force for constriction is thought to involve actin polymerization by the ER-anchored isoform of the formin protein inverted formin 2 (INF2). Unknown is the mechanism triggering INF2-mediated actin polymerization at ER-mitochondria intersections. We show that a novel isoform of the formin-binding, actin-nucleating protein Spire, Spire1C, localizes to mitochondria and directly links mitochondria to the actin cytoskeleton and the ER. Spire1C binds INF2 and promotes actin assembly on mitochondrial surfaces. Disrupting either Spire1C actin- or formin-binding activities reduces mitochondrial constriction and division. We propose Spire1C cooperates with INF2 to regulate actin assembly at ER-mitochondrial contacts. Simulations support this model's feasibility and demonstrate polymerizing actin filaments can induce mitochondrial constriction. Thus, Spire1C is optimally positioned to serve as a molecular hub that links mitochondria to actin and the ER for regulation of mitochondrial division.
Teachers’ Writing, Publication, Research Presentation, and Professional Competency
Authors: Bocar Anna C.
Published: August 2015

The study aimed to determine the participants’ writing, publication, research presentation, and professional competency.  This paper also identified which one among the eight item-hindrances barred the respondents to do research paper writing, presentation, and publication within and outside the Philippines.  This study utilized the descriptive survey method. The tool used to measure the educators’ profile is a researcher-made survey form. The participants consist of the 24 teachers with permanent employment status and the 30 probationary teachers.  Meanwhile, the instrument utilized to ascertain the professional research competency of the participants is adapted from an online publication with modification to suit the present study.  The findings of this study revealed   that most of the participants desire to write a research paper. The majority said that to conduct research is very important. Only very few published their research paper in the International and national level.   Nearly half of the participants have publication in the local level (in school), and almost similar to these number of participants have not published at all their research paper. The participants’ paper writing interests are present within; however, this interest needs more encouragement to boost their morale.
Cigarette-smoking Behavior Correlates with High Anxiety among University Students
Authors: Florendo Helena B.
Published: August 2015

Cigarette smoking is always harmful since it is one of the primary reasons for human death, however, smoking can be prevented.  In the Philippines, there are dearth of studies conducted that deal with cigarette smoking and anxiety among college students.  The main purpose of the study is to find out the cigarette-smoking behavior among college students and its correlates to anxiety. The researcher used of questionnaires, standardized test and interviews to gather data.  Likewise, descriptive-correlational method, purposive sampling and SPSS were utilized. Out of 1,866 freshman students surveyed in Isabela State University Main Campus, Philippines, 286 were current smokers. Findings revealed that most of the participants are in their adolescence stage,  male dominated, received minimal allowance, have parents with high educational attainment, and their parents’  jobs  require physical labor.  Results showed that peer, familial, mass media, environmental factors respectively except for the teacher factor had considerable impact on the smoking behavior of the participants.  Findings indicated that most of the smokers have a high level of anxiety.  Anxiety is significantly related to the developmental stage when one started smoking and sticks he/she consumed per day.  An intervention program aimed at reducing anxiety and cigarette smoking among students need further research. Keywords - Health Science, smoking and mental health problem, cigarette smoking behavior, anxiety, current smokers, descriptive-correlational design, Isabela, Philippines
Extent of Use and Acceptability of HiligaynonHiligaynon as Medium of Instruction in Philippine Schools
Authors: Malaga Ronora S.
Published: August 2015

There are conflicting views concerning the adoption of mother-tongue based instruction.  While there are issuances to use it in teaching preschool and primary grade subjects, many teachers are not lured to embrace it.   Grounded on this, the study purported to ascertain the extent of use and acceptability of Hiligaynon as language of instruction in selected elementary schools in Negros Occidental during the academic year 2012-2013. Descriptive quantitative type of research was used with 117 teachers, 39 parents and 39 pupils as respondents.  It utilized questionnaire and interview methods for data gathering. Mean, frequency and chi-square were the statistical tools employed. HiligaynonHiligaynon as the medium of instruction was used and acceptable on a moderate level among teachers and parents while higher level of acceptability was exhibited by the pupils.  Its extent of use HiligaynonHiligaynon was influenced by gender and assigned school; and its acceptability was affected by the assigned school.  Greater confidence in language utilization, the deployment of local learning resources and opportunity for creativity and innovativeness came out as its leading advantages. On the other hand, inadequate information, training and preparation appeared to be its major downsides. For the successful realization of the program, the Department of Education has to carry out significant steps encompassing problem-analysis, placement of appropriate content, adequate materials, clear directives as well as the fitting people to lead the implementation of Hiligaynon instruction.  This also necessitates collaboration and higher appropriation for education. Keywords - Hiligaynon instruction, Mother Tongue Based Multilingual Education (MTB-MLE), descriptive-quantitative research, Philippines
Social Anxiety Disorder of First Year University Students
Authors: Reyes Annie V. , Reyes Braulio A.
Published: August 2015

The study determined the respondents’ profile, the level assessment of social anxiety disorder of the respondents and if there are significant differences in the level assessment of social anxiety disorder when grouped according to their profile. The respondents of the study were 306 college freshmen out of 1290 total population. Majority of the respondents were taking Bachelor of Industrial Technology, went to public schools for their secondary education and were living with their parents. As a whole, they have marked social anxiety disorder (SAD), males have moderate SAD while females showed a marked social anxiety disorder. Bachelor of Science in Architecture and Engineering and Bachelor of Industrial Technology courses have moderate social anxiety disorder while Education and Business courses have marked social anxiety disorder. Respondents from public secondary schools exhibited marked social anxiety disorder while those from private schools have moderate social anxiety disorder. Respondents regardless of their living conditions have marked social anxiety disorder.   Keywords - Risk level assessment, Social Anxiety Disorder, first year college students, Philippines
The Natural Leadership Qualities of Administrators of a Catholic University
Authors: Suana Emma O.
Published: August 2015

The study aimed at finding out what Natural Leadership Quality Type is prevalent among La Salle University administrators as a whole when grouped according to whether they are academic or non-academic administrators, seasoned or new administrators, and whether they are from Basic Education Unit or College Unit.  Fifty-six  LSU administrators most of whom are members of the Expanded Operations’ Council  served as  the respondents of the study.   The descriptive method of research was employed. Survey questionnaire on Assessing Your Natural Leadership Style adapted from Glanz (2002) was utilized.  The statistical procedure that was used in the study was percentage distribution.  Findings revealed that many LSU administrators are eclectic who exhibit combinations of natural leadership qualities.  Besides, most of the LSU academic administrators are Adaptive Assertive while the non-academic administrators are eclectic.  The administrators from the Basic Education Unit are Adaptive Assertive and Dynamic Supportive while the College administrators are eclectic. Lastly, the seasoned and new administrators are both eclectic who exhibit equally strong tendencies in many areas or natural leadership quality types. Keywords - -Education, leadership qualities, natural leadership style, descriptive method, Philippines
Management Competencies of Educational Managers in the Performance of Trilogy Functions Of SUCs in MIMAROPA, Philippines
Authors: Ramirez Wilma M. , Zamora Jesse T.
Published: August 2015

The success of organizations largely depends on management competencies of managers. This study aimed to determine the management competencies in planning, organizing, leading and controlling (P-O-L-C) of educational managers in performance of trilogy functions in Instruction, Research and Extension of MIMAROPA State Universities and Colleges (SUCs). The study employed descriptive-comparative design. Self-structured questionnaires were used in survey to gather data, which were tested using ANOVA and t-test. Findings revealed that managers in MIMARO SUCs have high extent competencies in P-O-L-C. Leading is given more focus while organizing received the least attention. As to trilogy functions, Instruction ranked first; followed by Extension and Research on the last rank. Though, there are differences in mean ratings of responses from managers and faculty respondents, no significant differences were found when they were statistically examined. It is concluded that competencies of managers in P-O-L-C are highly relevant and contributing to the excellent performance of SUCs. It is recommended that P-O-L-C be performed in the same extent of competencies to ensure the success of performance of SUCs’ functions. Keywords - Management competencies, P-O-L-C, MIMAROPA, trilogy function, SUC, descriptive-comparative design, Philippines
Students’ Perspectives of Bullying Behaviors Experienced in Nursing Education: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Tayaben Jude L. , Natividad Doris S. , Apilado Rovencio E.
Published: August 2015

The passing of Anti-Bullying Act 10627 in Philippines triggers implementation in different schools and workplaces in the country. This is a call to intensify for the bully-free environment among affected sectors especially in academe. This study described types, sources, and frequency of bullying behaviors encountered by nursing students in their second, third and fourth year of nursing education. The descriptive cross-sectional design is utilized to assess bullying behaviors from nursing students’ perspective. Four- hundred eighty-one (481) respondents experienced at least one or more bullying behaviors from different sources. It also indicated that classmates as the most frequent source of eight out of 12 bullying behaviors, followed by faculty/clinical instructor. However, majority claimed that nothing had been done to bullying behaviors they experienced (f- 156, 15.23%), they pretended not see behavior (f- 155, 15.14%), perceived behavior as a joke (f- 153, 14.94%) and put up barriers (f-143, 13.96%), respectively. The evidence is clear; bullying poisons academic setting, and it can be carried over to practice. Thus, serious attention and management for nursing schools have to strengthen policies/guidelines to bullying prevention. Caring, safe, bullying free environment and collaborative efforts of zero tolerance to bullying has to be established for student nurses in academe.   Keywords - Social Science, bullying behaviors, nursing students, cross- sectional, descriptive design, Philippines, Asia
Supervisory Traits in Relation to Cross-Cultural Skills and Attitudes of Southeast Asian Educational Administrators
Authors: Baliton Fructuoso C.
Published: August 2015

The leader’s style affects the leader’s behavior. The leader’s behavior makes the leader’s style. Encouraging cultural and demographic diversity within an organization helps an organization achieve social responsibility goals and improving cross-cultural relations includes understanding the true meaning of appreciating demographic and cultural diversity. This descriptive survey-correlation method of research aimed to determine whether the supervisory traits of Southeast Asian educational administrators were related to their cross-cultural skills and attitudes. This study aims to provide a list of traits, essential to identify their strongest and weakest traits to set objectives and develop plans to improve their integrity, industriousness, and ability to get along with others in order for them to become successful educational administrators. This may also serve as a feedback for them to determine whether they most likely function well in a multicultural work environment, or they need to develop more cross-cultural awareness and skills to work effectively in a multicultural work environment. Chi-square established that their supervisory traits were not significantly related to their cross-cultural skills and attitudes.   Keywords - Social Science, Supervisory traits, demographic diversity, cross-cultural skills, cross-cultural attitudes, cross-cultural relations, descriptive design, Philippines, Asia
Management by Values of Industrial Technology Teachers: Gearing up in the Forefront of ASEAN Integration
Authors: Bernaldez Sheila A.
Published: August 2015

Management by Values is an important management concept that operates an organization in going through changes and ordeals. Management approaches continuously evolve through time but often disregarded one vital organizational aspect, values. The Philippines is preparing itself on the challenges that ASEAN integration will bring to the country in the academic sector. This study evaluated the level of management by values of industrial technology teachers in the College of Industrial Technology of Bulacan State University. The descriptive method of research was used to describe and quantify the profile, level of management by values of industrial technology teachers in the College of Industrial Technology of Bulacan State University. Convenience sampling, a non-probability sampling technique, was used. Findings of the study uncovered that industrial technology teacher profiles of the College of Industrial Technology in Bulacan State University confirmed that teachers were comparatively in their middle ages, male dominated, by and large married, and commonly with Master’s degree. The level of management by values in terms of ethical-social values, economic-pragmatic values, and emotional-developmental values were all perceived at a high level. There were significant differences in the perceptions of students and industrial technology teachers on the level of management by values. Keywords - Educational management, management by values, descriptive method, Philippines