bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluating the association between antidepressant dose trajectories and treatment augmentation in pediatric depression
Authors: Spence O'Mareen , Reeves Gloria , dosReis Susan
Published: September 2021

Purpose

To identify antidepressant dose trajectories in the first 6‐months of antidepressant initiation and to evaluate the association between antidepressant dose trajectories and augmentation with another psychotropic medication.

Methods

Using the IQVIA PharMetrics® Plus database, we identified 5655 commercially insured youth (3–18 years) with depression who newly initiated an antidepressant anytime from January 2007 to June 2015. No antidepressant use within 1 year prior to the index prescription defined new use. Latent class growth analysis of antidepressant dosing in the 6 months after initiation defined the exposure groups. The outcome was any regimen change, that is, antidepressant augmentation with another psychotropic or discontinuation of the antidepressant, with and without switching to another psychotropic. Baseline covariates measured in the 6 months before antidepressant initiation included demographic factors, psychiatric comorbidities, and health service use. Multinomial logistic regression tested the association between antidepressant dose trajectories and the odds of an antidepressant regimen change.

Results

Five dose trajectories were sharp decline (n = 897; 16%), slow decline (n = 1029; 18%), stable minimum dose (n = 1397; 25%), stable maximum dose (n = 1783; 32%), and increasing high dose (n = 549; 10%). Relative to the stable minimum dose group, the sharp and slow decline groups were more likely to discontinue the antidepressant, either switch to another psychotropic (OR [odds ratio]: 5.91; 95%CI: 3.23–10.80 and OR: 1.67; 95%CI: 1.04–2.68, respectively) or stop all psychotropic medication (OR: 6.64; 95%CI: 4.24–10.39 and OR: 1.62; 95%CI: 1.22–2.13, respectively). However, the stable maximum and increasing high‐dose groups were less likely to discontinue, either switch (OR: 0.38; 95%CI: 0.24–0.61 and OR: 0.30; 95%CI: 0.16–0.59, respectively) or stop all psychotropic medications (OR: 0.15; 95%CI: 0.12–0.20 and OR: 0.02; 95%CI: 0.01–0.03 respectively) than augment with another psychotropic.

Conclusions

The findings from this cross‐sectional study demonstrate an association between antidepressant dose trajectories within 6 months of initiating treatment and the odds of augmenting with another psychotropic.
Synthesis and properties of polypeptoid‐containing block copolymers: A review
Authors: Zhou Peng , Shen Ting , Ling Jun
Published: September 2021

Polypeptoids, with similar structure to polypeptides, are nowadays rising stars due to their excellent solubility, processibility, enzymatic stability, and biocompatibility. Attractive properties of polypeptoid‐containing copolymers endow them with various applications in surface antifouling, biosensing, microreactor, drug delivery, and stimuli–response. The syntheses of block copolymers containing polypeptoids have attracted a great amount of interest so far. The review summarizes the synthetic strategies of polypeptoid‐containing copolymers, that is, polypeptoid‐b‐polypeptoid, −polypeptide, −polyester, −polyether and ‐polyolefin developed recently, as well as their phase‐separation, assembly and stimuli–response properties.
Integrating SWATH‐MS proteomics and transcriptome analysis to preliminarily identify three DEGs as biomarkers for proliferative diabetic retinopathy
Authors: Wu Haijian , Wang Dongguo , Zheng Qianyin , Xu Zhiwei
Published: September 2021

Purpose

We intended to preliminarily find differentially expressed proteins that play crucial roles in proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), and lay the foundation for subsequent further research on the mechanism.

Experimental Design

Here, we developed a new strategy integrated the sequential windowed acquisition of all theoretical fragment ion (SWATH) mass spectra (MS) with multi‐dataset joint analysis to screen for the PDR plasma biomarker. The annotation of the given gene list was performed with ClueGO function analysis. Additionally, the protein–protein interaction relationship was also revealed by the STRING database.

Results

In SWATH‐MS assays, we identified 23 upregulated and 13 downregulated proteins in PDR plasma. In the mRNA database analysis, 375 genes were identified as differentially expressed genes in GSE102485. Only three genes (FCGR3A, DPEP2, and ADGRF5) were characterized as upregulated in both the dataset and the SWATH‐MS list. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of FCGR3A, DPEP2, and ADGRF5 in distinguishing PDR from others was 0.739, 0.770, and 0.739.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance

We provide a novel strategy for biomarker screening and identified plasma FCGR3A, DPEP2, and ADGRF5 as potential biomarkers for patients with PDR. Identifying the key molecules of the disease is essential for the development of new therapeutic molecules and new uses of existing drugs.
Exploring Physical Properties of Gravitationally Decoupled Anisotropic Solution in 5D Einstein‐Gauss‐Bonnet Gravity
Authors: Maurya S. K. , Tello‐Ortiz Francisco , Govender M.
Published: September 2021

In this paper we present two new classes of solutions describing compact objects within the framework of five‐dimensional Einstein‐Gauss‐Bonnet (EGB) gravity. We employ the Complete Geometric Deformation (CGD) formalism which extends the Minimal Geometric Deformation (MGD) technique adopted in earlier investigations to generate anisotropic models from known isotropic solutions. The two solutions presented arise from mimicking the constraint for the pressure and density respectively which generate independent deformation functions. Rigorous physical tests show that contributions from CDG suppress the effective pressure but enhances the effective density and mass of the compact object, with the suppression/enhancement being modified by the EGB coupling constant. One of the highlights in our findings is that the deformation function along the radial component in CDG is nonzero at the boundary when we mimic both the pressure and density while in MGD we observe a vanishing of this deformation function at the boundary of the fluid configuration only for the pressure constraint. The difference in behavior of the deformation function at the surface predicts different stellar characteristics such as mass‐to‐radius and surface redshifts.
Development of a qPCR‐based method for counting overwintering spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana) larvae collected during fall surveys and for assessing their natural enemy load: a proof‐of‐concept study
Authors: Djoumad Abdelmadjid , Tanguay Philippe , Régnière Jacques , Trudel Guylaine , Morrison Andrew , Fournier Cédric , Carleton Drew , Nisole Audrey , Stewart Don , Cusson Michel
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND

In eastern Canada, surveys of overwintering 2nd instar spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana) larvae (‘L2s’) are carried out each fall to guide insecticide application decisions in the following spring. These surveys involve the collection of fir and spruce branches in selected stands, followed by the mechanical/chemical removal of larvae. The latter then are counted manually on filter papers, using a stereomicroscope. Considering the significant effort and difficulties which this manual counting entails, we developed a quantitative (q)PCR‐based ‘molecular counting’ approach designed to make this step less tedious.

RESULTS

Using the C. fumiferana mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase 1 (COI) gene as a target for qPCR DNA quantification, we show that the amount of DNA in a larval extract is strongly correlated with the number of larvae used to generate that extract, and that molecular estimates of L2 counts are comparable to those generated using the manual approach. In addition, we used the same DNA extracts to monitor the microsporidian pathogen Nosema fumiferanae, and the hymenopteran parasitoids Glypta fumiferanae and Apanteles fumiferanae in overwintering L2s employing a subset of a TaqMan assay developed by Nisole et al. (2020) for the identification of budworm natural enemies. We show that the proportion of individuals affected by each natural enemy in samples containing a known number of larvae can be estimated from presence/absence data through the binomial probability distribution.

CONCLUSION

The present proof‐of‐principle study shows that a molecular approach for counting L2s and assessing their natural enemy load is clearly possible and is expected to generate reliable results. © 2021 Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry. Reproduced with the permission of the Minister of Natural Resources Canada.
Au/CdBr2/SiO2/Au Straddling‐Type Heterojunctions Designed as Microwave Multiband Pass Filters, Negative Capacitance Transistors, and Current Rectifiers
Authors: Qasrawi Atef Fayez , Hamarsheh Areen A.
Published: September 2021

Herein, SiO2 nanosheets with thicknesses of 25−100 nm are used to enhance the performance of Au/CdBr2 Schottky barriers. The Au/CdBr2/SiO2/Au straddling‐type heterojunction devices are prepared by the thermal evaporation technique. It is observed that SiO2 layers enhance the crystallinity of CdBr2 through increasing the crystallite sizes and decreasing the defect density, stacking faults, and microstrain by 50%, 56%, 32%, and 34%, respectively. A work function of 6.38 eV is determined from the temperature‐dependent electrical resistivity measurements of type CdBr2. In addition, it is observed that, when coated with 50 nm‐thick SiO2, the Au/CdBr2/SiO2/Au straddling‐type transistors can reveal high current rectification ratios of 6.9 × 102 at low biasing voltages in the range of 0.06−0.30 V. The alternating current signals’ analysis in the microwave range of spectra indicates that the current conduction mechanism is dominated by the correlated barrier hopping and quantum mechanical tunneling. It is observed that the Au/CdBr2/SiO2/Au devices exhibit a negative effect accompanied with resonance−antiresonance in the capacitance spectra. Moreover, the microwave cutoff frequency which reaches ≈165.1 GHz and the magnitude of reflection coefficient spectra show that the device under study can perform as multiband pass/stop filters suitable for wire/wireless communication applications including 3G/4G technologies.
2D Nanosheets of Mo2C/CoMoS4 as Active Electrocatalyst for Water Splitting
Authors: Liu Pan , Wang Sumin , Quan Yufei , Shen Zhiruo , Wang Qiguan
Published: September 2021

2D composited nanosheets of Mo2C/CoMoS4 are synthesized by a hydrothermal approach to obtain a bifunctional water‐splitting electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in aqueous alkaline solution. Due to the richened defects formed on the 2D catalyst, the as‐derived Mo2C/CoMoS4 exhibits high activity. At 10 mA cm−2, the HER and OER overpotentials of the 2D Mo2C/CoMoS4 nanosheets are just 117 and 250 mV, respectively, with the corresponding Tafel slope of 90 and 75 mV dec−1, near to the commercial Pt/C and IrO2. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy proves the strong interactions between Mo2C and CoMoS4 and the Raman analysis certifies the presence of richened defects in Mo2C/CoMoS4. Moreover, the Mo2C/CoMoS4 possesses a long‐term catalytic stability, showing potential application in the water splitting.
Joint estimation of state, parameter, and unknown input for nonlinear systems: A composite estimation scheme
Authors: Wang Licheng , Luo Qi
Published: September 2021

This study is concerned with the joint estimation problem for a class of nonlinear systems with the simultaneous unknown of the system state, the parameter, as well as the input signal. A composite estimation scheme is proposed where the estimator consists of both linear and nonlinear components, under which the estimation performance is improved. The analysis and synthesis issues of the developed estimation algorithm are addressed for both the continuous‐time case and the discrete‐time case. By utilizing the Lyapunov stability theory combined with the singular value decomposition technique, sufficient conditions are established for both continuous‐time and discrete‐time cases to guarantee the convergence of the estimation error, rather than the boundedness in most of the existing literature. To facilitate the algorithm implementation in practical engineering, the Newton–Raphson method is adopted to deal with the feasibility issue for the discrete‐time case. Numerical simulations are provided for both the continuous‐ and discrete‐time cases to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed joint estimation strategies.
Disruptive moments as opportunities towards justice‐oriented pedagogical practice in Informal Science Learning
Authors: Calabrese Barton Angela , Greenberg Day , Kim Won J. , Brien Sinead , Roby ReAnna , Balzer Micaela , Turner Carmen , Archer Louise
Published: September 2021

Despite the promise of Informal Science Learning settings (ISLs) in supporting youth science engagement in ways that value their experiences and communities, in practice, such opportunities are limited. While some ISLs promote more culturally relevant approaches to science engagement, many still reflect White supremacist and patriarchal worldviews in discourse and practice. In Research Practice Partnerships, we engaged eight ISL educators from two partner sites—a community center and science center, and youth from across their six programs. Using participatory ethnography we explore how educators' pedagogical practices supported youth in codeveloping more justice‐oriented ISL experiences—experiences which disrupt these dominant and oppressive norms. Our analysis pays attention, in particular, to those fraught moments when youth, in interaction with peers and educators, sought to disrupt their ISL experience in ways that centered and amplified their lives, hopes, and desires for being and learning in ISL and humanized the ISL learning community. Two kinds of pedagogical response patterns emerged that we report on in our findings: (1) collaborative critique and (2) critically being with each other towards new relationalities. We discuss how these two practices centered political and ethical dimensions of teaching and learning, fundamentally shifting power and relationalities towards new ISL possibilities. We also discuss how these practices involved leveraging specific moments to resee youths' activities in new ways, making visible how an ISL space limited opportunities for youth visibility of presence in science—a kind of pausing for justice.
Kamikihito improves cancer‐related fatigue in castration‐resistant prostate cancer patients receiving enzalutamide: Multidimensional approach including metabolomics analysis
Authors: Tamada Satoshi , Iguchi Taro , Kato Minoru , Yamasaki Takeshi , Tsuchiya Naoko , Ohbuchi Katsuya , Shimobori Chika , Nojima Junzo , Yasuda Sayaka , Ebisu Kyoko , Watanabe Yasuyoshi
Published: September 2021

Aim

We have previously reported the therapeutic benefits of kamikihito for managing cancer‐related fatigue (CRF) in patients with hormone‐sensitive prostate cancer. Now, due to the routine use of enzalutamide and similar agents for treating castration‐resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), managing enzalutamide‐related fatigue is imperative. Here, we objectively evaluated the effectiveness of kamikihito on fatigue in CRPC patients receiving enzalutamide.

Methods

Kamikihito was administered for 12 weeks to 11 patients receiving enzalutamide. We measured the changes in the levels of fatigue (using the Chalder Fatigue Scale (CFS)), depression (using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES‐D)), oxidative stress (by measuring derivatives of reactive oxygen metabolites (d‐ROMs) and biological antioxidant potential (BAP) levels), various cytokines, insomnia (using actigraphy), and in‐vivo metabolites (by metabolomics analysis).

Results

Kamikihito improved CFS and CES‐D scores, thus improving fatigue and depression in enzalutamide‐treated patients; however, it did not improve oxidative stress levels. Further, actigraphy showed prolongation of sleeping time, while the levels of various cytokines showed no change. Metabolomics analysis confirmed decrease in lipids and increase in amino acids that correlated with improvement in fatigue.

Conclusion

Kamikihito corrected the abnormalities in lipid metabolism, which may have improved the production of amino acids, leading to reduced CRF in CRPC patients receiving enzalutamide.
LncRNA SNHG14 contributes to proinflammatory cytokine production in rheumatoid arthritis via the regulation of the miR‐17‐5p/MINK1‐JNK pathway
Authors: Zhang Jihui , Lei Hongwei , Li Xiu
Published: September 2021

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a widespread autoimmune disorder of the joints. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported to participate in the pathogenesis of RA by serving as competitive endogenous RNAs. LncRNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 14 (SNHG14) is involved in the development of various diseases. Here, we found that high expression of SNHG14 in RA was closely related to the disease activity. Functional assays indicated that SNHG14 knockdown obviously hampered phorbol myristate acetate‐activated THP‐1 (pTHP‐1) cell proliferation and proinflammatory cytokines production. In mechanism, SNHG14 served as a sponge of microRNA‐17‐5p (miR‐17‐5p), and misshapen like kinase 1 (MINK1) was a target of miR‐17‐5p. SNHG14 depletion‐induced inhibitory effects on cell proliferation and inflammatory response were reversed by MINK1 overexpression in macrophages. Moreover, SNHG14 promoted the jun N‐terminal kinase (JNK) signaling via the miR‐17‐5p/MINK1 axis. Overall, SNHG14 boosted the process of RA by MINK1 activating the JNK pathway.
Phosphorylation of p53 by Cdk5 contributes to benzo[a]pyrene‐induced neuronal apoptosis
Authors: Nie Jisheng , Zhang Yu , Ning Lijun , Yan Zhiwei , Duan Lei , Xi Huaxing , Niu Qiao , Zhang Qunwei
Published: September 2021

Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) is a ubiquitous carcinogenic pollutant in the environment, however, the potential neurotoxic effects of B[a]P has not been elucidated clearly. In the present study, we explored the potential involvement of p53 phosphorylation by Cdk5 in B[a]P‐induced neuronal apoptosis at both in vitro and in vivo settings. For in vitro studies, primary cortical neurons isolated from the brains of Sprague Dawley (SD) rat pup were exposed to 0, 10, 20, and 40 μM of B[a]P for 12, 24, or 48 h. For in vivo studies, SD rats were injected intraperitoneally with 0, 1.0, 2.5, and 6.25 mg/kg of B[a]P every other day for 1, 2, or 3 months. Our results demonstrated that exposure to B[a]P caused a dose‐ and a time‐dependent increase in neuronal apoptotic ratio in both in vitro and in vivo studies. There was also a dose‐ and a time‐dependent upregulation of p35, p25, Cdk5, and phosphorylated p53 at Ser15 after B[a]P exposure. In order to explore whether B[a]P‐induced increased neuronal apoptosis was through Cdk5/p53 pathway, roscovitine, a specific Cdk5 inhibitor, was applied to pretreat neurons prior to B[a]P exposure. The results showed that pretreatment of neurons with roscovitine partially rescued cells from B[a]P‐induced apoptosis, and alleviated B[a]P‐induced upregulation of phosphorylated p53 at Ser15. Our results suggest that Cdk5/p53 signaling pathway may be involved in B[a]P‐induced neuronal apoptosis, which will provide information to further elucidate the molecular mechanisms of B[a]P‐induced neurotoxicity.
Recent fabrications and applications of cardiac patch in myocardial infarction treatment
Authors: Li Mei , Wu Hao , Yuan Yuehui , Hu Benhui , Gu Ning
Published: September 2021

Myocardial infarction caused by coronary artery obstruction results in the loss of heart muscle, which is subsequently replaced by scar tissue with limited therapeutic options. Cardiac patch based therapy has emerged as a promising strategy for the treatment of severe myocardial infarction. They are designed to be attached to the surface of the heart, that is, they are meant to “patch” the injured heart, thus restoring the damaged or failing myocardium locally through mechanical and regeneration support. The engineered three‐dimension cardiac patch is composed of biomaterial scaffolds with/without cells or inducible factors, which is typically manufactured by decellularize extracellular matrix, electrospinning, three‐dimension printing, hydrogels, or by stacking cell sheets. In this review, we outline the latest advances of the construction methods and beneficial effects of cardiac patches used in animal and clinical treatment of cardiovascular diseases, especially in myocardial infarction. We discuss the cell souring of cell‐based patches, the types of biomolecules for cell‐free patches, and their engineering methods. In addition, the method of implanting the cardiac patch to the injured heart is also described. Finally, we briefly outlook the future challenges and probable solutions in this area.
The effect of live yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae as probiotic supply on growth performance, feed intake, ruminal pH and fermentation in fattening calves
Authors: Maamouri Omar , Ben Salem Mondher
Published: September 2021

Background

Live yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been used for a long time in ruminant feed as a probiotic supply on the intensifying system to avoid acidosis.

Objectives

This study investigated the effects of addition of live yeast S. cerevisiae in calf feed on growth, rumen pH and in vitro digestibility.

Methods

Sixteen Holstein calves were divided into two homogeneous groups corresponding to body weight. The ration comprises wheat straw 5 kg dry matter (DM)/calf/day and 8 kg DM/calf/day concentrate for the control group C and for the group LY. Each calf of the live yeast group LY gets more than C group, 28 g/calf/day of live yeast S. cerevisiae powder on the concentrate.

Results

This supplementation improves significantly (p < 0.003) the mean daily gain during the trial (ADG) with 400 g/calf. A notable increase (p < 0.004) was seen in final body weight gain (FWG) with 39.1 kg/calf. The live yeast supplementation decreases the feed intake and significantly (p < 0.05) the feed conversion rate (FCR) average. The live yeast S. cerevisiae as probiotic supply in ruminant feed improves the growth performance and feed efficiency in fattening calves.

Conclusions

In conclusion, we mentioned that live yeast supply induces a considerable advance in growth performance for calves.
Unsafe drinking water distribution in Nguba area, South‐Kivu, Democratic Republic of the Congo
Authors: Mulungula Masilya Pascal , Ngomakasa Musay Pierre , Cizungu Murhula Alexis
Published: September 2021

To meet the growing demand for water in Bukavu town in Democratic Republic of The Congo, REGIDESO has installed a new water treatment plant in Nyalukemba district in the middle of the Bukavu town to treat water taken directly from Lake Kivu. This water is served to 2,133 households (or 17,064 inhabitants) subscribing to REGIDESO living in the Nguba and Muhumba localities. The purpose of this study is to analyze the physicochemical and microbiological quality of this water. The results of water samples taken at different sites in the circuit of collection, treatment, and distribution of this water reveal that the water used for treatment as well as the treated water is unfit for human consumption. The variations of physicochemical parameters and microbiological groups observed at different points in the distribution circuit show that REGIDESO is providing unsafe water to its subscribers. At the end of this article, we make recommendations to change this situation and suggest to the population consuming this water to boil it before any consumption to avoid water related health risks.
KTP—Collectively Improving Air Quality in Krakow: A New Air Quality Plan for the Małopolska Region
Authors: Włodarczyk-Gębik Agnieszka , Gabriel Aleksandra , Dubis Maria , Machowska Monika
Published: September 2021

KTP’s project relates to the challenge of air pollution and the need to improve quality of life in Kraków and the Kraków Metropolitan Area. The aim is to improve the quality of the air by motivating citizens to change their ecological attitudes, transport and heating habits and support decision makers with relevant tools and instruments for better co-creation of local new policies with a user-centered approach.
Sektionseinleitung II: Anthropologie und Wissen
Authors: Toepfer Regina
Published: September 2021

Übersetzen ist eine kulturstiftende Praxis, bei der Inhalte in ein neues Sprachsystem überführt, Literatur- und Wissensformationen ausgebildet und zugleich Machtrelationen austariert werden. Weil Übersetzungen aus konkreten Anlässen entstehen, bestimmten Zwecken dienen, in spezifische Kontexte gehören und situativ unterschiedlich verstanden werden, sind sie ein basales Instrument des Wissenstransfers und haben eine zentrale gesellschaftsnormierende und kulturkonstruierende Bedeutung. Die Einleitung zu Sektion 2 richtet ihren Fokus auf das Wissen, das beim Übersetzen erschlossen, neu geordnet und erweitert wird und das Rückschlüsse auf zugrundeliegende soziale, diskursive und anthropologische Konzepte erlaubt.
Introduction to Section II: Anthropology and Knowledge*
Authors: Toepfer Regina
Published: September 2021

Translation is a culture-forming practice that transmits content into a new language system. In the process, it contributes to shaping the development of literature and knowledge and even has the capacity to balance power relationships. Because translations arise from specific occasions, serve specific purposes, belong to specific contexts, and are understood differently depending on the situation, they are a fundamental instrument of knowledge transfer and play a key role in the normalization of society and the construction of culture. The introduction to the second section of this volume focuses on the knowledge that is accessed, reclassified, and expanded during the translation process and that permits conclusions to be drawn about underlying social, discursive, and anthropological concepts.
‘Alī al-Sharafīʼs 1551 Atlas: A Construct Full of Riddles
Authors: de Castro León Víctor , Tiburcio Alberto
Published: September 2021

This paper examines the practices of translation in the 1551 Atlas of ‘Alī al-Sharafī of Sfax (d. after 1579). Drawing on conceptual frameworks from translation studies, linguistics, and other disciplines of textual and historical analysis, we argue that the iconographic and textual elements of the atlas –such as calendrical tables,qiblacharts, knot patterns in frames, and depictions of flags and banners in sectional charts– reflect a quest for ways to culturally adapt map-making practices that were shared across the Mediterranean realm. As such, the product in question cannot be fully understood through the lens of traditional dichotomies such as Islamic vs. Christian or European vs. Middle Eastern or North African, as its cultural references and semiotic repertoire extend beyond subregional and confessional demarcations.
Translationsstrategien in Texten der Evangelisierung und der indigenen Rechtsprechung in Neu-Spanien
Authors: Schrader-Kniffki Martina , Klamp Yannic , Kneifel Malte
Published: September 2021

This paper sets out to reconstruct concepts of translation between Spanish and indigenous languages that were prevalent in religious as well as notarial contexts in colonial Mexico (more specifically in a district within the state of Oaxaca) between the sixteenth and eighteenth centuries. To this end, we analyse Christian doctrinal texts translated from Spanish into the Zapotec language by Dominican friars in order to propagate the Christian faith, as well as notarial texts in the form of testaments written in Zapotec by the indigenous population and translated into Spanish in order to be submitted as evidence in court. We pay particular attention to the use and translation of the Christian concept of the Trinity, which is used in both text types, and show that it is subject to various explicit and implicit translational norms and strategies, depending on the translation context.
König, Königin, Königinmutter
Authors: Maier Lukas
Published: September 2021

Under King Charles I, Queen Henrietta Maria, and the exiled French Queen Mother Maria de’ Medici, St James’s Palace in London became the scene of various cultural translation processes that were subject to different strategies and objectives. Henrietta Maria not only presented herself as the mother of the future Stuart kings, but also emphasized her Bourbon heritage with her French bedroom suite. Charles I staged himself as British emperor in the gallery and garden by translating the display context of artworks in continental European collections. Translation efforts could also have a mediating function, as can be seen in Inigo Jones’ Queen's Chapel and the apartment of Marie de’ Medici, which combined both English and French court ceremonial.
Galilean electrodynamics: covariant formulation and Lagrangian
Authors: Mehra Aditya , Sanghavi Yaman
Published: September 2021

Abstract

In this paper, we construct a single Lagrangian for both limits of Galilean electrodynamics. The framework relies on a covariant formalism used in describing Galilean geometry. We write down the Galilean conformal algebra and its representation in this formalism. We also show that the Lagrangian is invariant under the Galilean conformal algebra in d = 4 and calculate the energy-momentum tensor.
Instanton worldlines in five-dimensional Ω-deformed gauge theory
Authors: Lambert N. , Lipstein A. , Mouland R. , Richmond P.
Published: September 2021

Abstract

We discuss the Bosonic sector of a class of supersymmetric non-Lorentzian five-dimensional gauge field theories with an SU(1, 3) conformal symmetry. These actions have a Lagrange multiplier which imposes a novel Ω-deformed anti-self-dual gauge field constraint. Using a generalised ’t Hooft ansatz we find the constraint equation linearizes allowing us to construct a wide class of explicit solutions. These include finite action configurations that describe worldlines of anti-instantons which can be created and annihilated. We also describe the dynamics on the constraint surface.
Digitale Gesundheitsanwendungen: gesetzliche Einführung patientenzentrierter digitaler Innovationen in die Gesundheitsversorgung
Authors: Ludewig Gottfried , Klose Christian , Hunze Lars , Matenaar Sophia
Published: September 2021

Mit dem Digitale-Versorgung-Gesetz (DVG) und der Digitale-Gesundheitsanwendungen-Verordnung (DiGAV) wurden digitale Gesundheitsanwendungen (DiGA) definiert und als Regelleistung der gesetzlichen Krankenversicherung (GKV) eingeführt; mit dem Digitale Versorgung und Pflege – Modernisierungs-Gesetz (DVPMG) wurde der neue Leistungsbereich weiter ausgestaltet. Anwendungen, die ein zügiges dreimonatiges Prüfverfahren („Fast-Track-Verfahren“) beim Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte (BfArM) erfolgreich durchlaufen haben und im DiGA-Verzeichnis des BfArM gelistet sind, können nunmehr von jedem Arzt und Psychotherapeuten zulasten der GKV verordnet werden.

Auch eine Aufnahme zur Erprobung mit der Verpflichtung zur Durchführung einer Studie ist möglich. Damit hat der Gesetzgeber die dynamische Entwicklung im Bereich der mobilen Anwendungen aufgenommen und digitale Innovationen für Patienten in der Versorgung verfügbar gemacht. Der gesetzte Rahmen ist dabei so konzipiert, dass DiGA potenziell nicht nur die Therapieanteile beim Patienten unterstützen und Bereiche wie Selbstmanagement, Gesundheitskompetenz und Adhärenz stärken, sondern auch die Versorgungsabläufe zwischen Patienten und Leistungserbringern in vielfacher Weise besser gestalten können.

Die umfangreichen Vorgaben zur Interoperabilität mit Hilfsmitteln und Implantaten einerseits und der elektronischen Patientenakte (ePA) andererseits unterstützen diese Entwicklungsperspektive. Insgesamt wird es darauf ankommen, DiGA als Bestandteil nutzerfreundlicher, digital gestützter Prozesse in die Versorgung einzubinden. Dazu wird in den kommenden Jahren das initiale Regelungswerk vor dem Hintergrund der mit den neuen Produkten und dem neuen Prüfverfahren gesammelten Erfahrungen stetig angepasst und weiterentwickelt werden.
Digitale Gesundheitsanwendungen (DiGA): Bewertung der Erstattungsfähigkeit mittels DiGA-Fast-Track-Verfahrens im Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte (BfArM)
Authors: Lauer Wolfgang , Löbker Wiebke , Höfgen Barbara
Published: September 2021

Mit dem Digitale-Versorgung-Gesetz (DVG) hat der Gesetzgeber digitalen Gesundheitsanwendungen, kurz DiGA, einen Einzug in die Regelversorgung nach dem Fünften Buch Sozialgesetzbuch (SGB V) ermöglicht. Voraussetzung für die „App auf Rezept“ ist die Listung im DiGA-Verzeichnis nach positiv durchlaufenem Bewertungsverfahren beim Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte (BfArM). Dafür ist von den Herstellern neben umfangreichen Qualitäts- und Sicherheitsparametern auch ein positiver Versorgungseffekt nachzuweisen.

Mit dem DiGA-Verzeichnis bietet das BfArM seit Oktober 2020 adressatengerechte umfassende Transparenz zu den DiGA und deren Eigenschaften. Der Artikel erläutert den Weg zur „App auf Rezept“ von den Unterstützungs- und Beratungsangeboten durch das BfArM über den Ablauf des Bewertungsverfahrens (DiGA-Fast-Track) und die Bewertungskriterien bis hin zu den Inhalten des Verzeichnisses. Es zeigt sich, dass das Interesse an dem Fast-Track-Verfahren groß ist. Der Nachweis der positiven Versorgungseffekte, also eines tatsächlichen Mehrwerts für die Patienten, ist ausbalanciert und mit überwiegend randomisierten kontrollierten Studiennachweisen auf einem angemessenen Niveau. Dass das Verfahren auch mit Herausforderungen für die Antragsteller verbunden sein kann, z. B. Mängel adäquat in dem gesetzlich vorgegebenen Bewertungszeitraum zu adressieren, zeigen die Zahlen zurückgenommener Anträge im Verhältnis zu den gelisteten DiGA an. Das BfArM steht zu diesem neuen Verfahren in engem Austausch mit allen Beteiligten. Welche Überlegungen und Potenziale sich daraus für die Weiterentwicklung aus Sicht des BfArM ergeben, zeigt der Ausblick.
Interoperabilität im Gesundheitswesen: auch für digitale Gesundheitsanwendungen (DiGA) verordnet
Authors: Weber Stefanie , Heitmann Kai U.
Published: September 2021

Digitale Gesundheitsanwendungen (DiGA) sind eines der Räder im Getriebe des digitalen Gesundheitswesens. Wie alle anderen kommunizierenden Anwendungen müssen DiGA interoperabel sein, damit das ganze System reibungslos funktioniert. Dabei muss Interoperabilität auf 4 verschiedenen Ebenen gegeben sein, dies sind: funktionale und fachinhaltliche Anforderungen; strukturelle und semantische Anforderungen; Anforderungen an Sicherheit und Transport und organisatorische Anforderungen.

In Deutschland wurde in den letzten Jahren ein großer Sprung in ein digitales Gesundheitswesen initiiert, verstärkt durch die Erfahrungen aus der COVID-19-Pandemie. Aktuelle Gesetzgebungen zielen auf eine Festlegung von Standards und einheitlichen Abläufen und etablieren damit den benötigten verbindlichen Rahmen für ein Gesamtkonzept in der Digitalisierung. Interoperable DiGA können mit den anderen Systemen im Gesundheitswesen kommunizieren, wenn es die PatientInnen wünschen. Möglich sind z. B. der Anschluss an die elektronische Patientenakte (ePA) und eine damit einhergehende Datenspende für Forschungszwecke. So können PatientInnen nicht nur direkt von dem positiven Versorgungseffekt einer DiGA profitieren, sondern auch indirekt durch die Datenspende zur Forschung und damit zur Verbesserung des Gesundheitswesens beitragen.
Effect of electrode material on removal efficiency regarding single discharges in wire EDM
Authors: Welschof Lukas , Schäfer Niklas , Herrig Tim , Klink Andreas , Bergs Thomas
Published: September 2021

For the precise machining of demanding materials, wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM) is a flexible and often irreplaceable manufacturing process. In order to enhance productivity as the main focus of the wire EDM process, the advancement of the fundamental procedural understanding is of decisive importance. In order to be able to energetically evaluate the removal process, the individual energetic contributors of the process hence the individual discharges need to be understood in terms of their contribution to material removal. In this paper, an experimental setup is presented, which permits the generation of individual discharges on a modern industrial wire EDM machine tool. For three different wire electrodes, the correlation of the discharge energy and the individual removal volume is quantitatively described, showing that coated wires achieve a significantly higher energy-specific removal. Furthermore the removal efficiency is defined as a key figure to transfer the findings to the continuous process and compare theoretical and effective removal rate.
Extended experience in parieto-occipital expansion surgery by meander technique—clinical and radiological evaluation
Authors: Pennacchietti Valentina , Schulz Matthias , Tietze Anna , Schwarz Karin , Thomale Ulrich-Wilhelm
Published: September 2021

Introduction

Brachycephaly and anterior and posterior plagiocephaly appear as an isolated entity or manifest in syndromic conditions. In severe cases, possible treatment options currently comprise either cranioplasty or osteogenetic distraction. The aim of this paper is to retrospectively review the perioperative course of a series of children treated by posterior meander expansion technique at our institution with focus on the course of postoperative intracranial volume and eventual tonsillar descent evolution.

Methods

Forty-two children received a posterior cranial vault remodeling by means of a posterior meander technique during a 7-year period. Hospital records were reviewed, and pre- and postoperative MRIs were analyzed for intracranial volume, cephalic and asymmetry index, and tonsillar position over time.

Results

Median age at surgery was 11.5 months (range 17 days–10 years). Nineteen children had a symmetrical cranial deformity, twenty-three an asymmetrical synostosis. Half of the cohort showed a syndromic condition. Transfusions were administered in the majority (92.2%) of the cases. A significant postoperative increase of intracranial volume was present from 1188.9 ± 370.4 cm3 to 1324.8 ± 352.9 cm3 (p < 0.001). The asymmetry index showed a significant improvement postoperatively: 0.86 ± 0.06 versus 0.91 ± 0.05 (p < 0.001), while the cephalic index showed a non-statistical change (0.91 ± 0.11 versus 0.88 ± 0.08). Tonsillar herniation, bilateral or homolateral, showed no significant changes at early control, while a nonsignificant amelioration of tonsillar descent was seen among children older than 12 months at late imaging follow-up.

Conclusion

Among the osteoplastic techniques, the posterior meander technique offers several advantages, such as early mobilization of the child, less bony defects, absence of implants, and a small complication rate. However, further comparative studies among different surgical techniques are needed.
Autologous fat grafting for breast reconstruction after breast cancer: a 12-year experience
Authors: Kempa Sally , Brix Eva , Heine Norbert , Hösl Vanessa , Strauss Catharina , Eigenberger Andreas , Brébant Vanessa , Seitz Stephan , Prantl Lukas
Published: September 2021

Purpose

The aim of our study was to examine the surgical outcome and complications (efficiency) as well as the incidence of locoregional recurrence and distant metastases (oncological safety) in patients who underwent autologous fat grafting (AFG) of the breast following breast cancer surgery.

Methods

In our monocentric cohort study, retrospective and prospective data were collected from all consecutive patients who underwent AFG after breast cancer between 2008 and 2020; a total of 93 patients met the inclusion criteria.

Results

Our long-term results showed no increase in tumor recurrence and distant metastases in the studied collective when compared to the available literature. We observed 1 local recurrence (1.1%), 2 distant metastases (2.2%), and 1 tumor-related death (1.1%). There was a high degree of patient satisfaction; 67.12% of patients reported adequate satisfaction with autologous fat grafting.

Conclusion

Currently, to our knowledge, this is the study with the longest follow-up time (mean 6.7 years after AFG and 11.5 years after tumor resection). The results of our clinical study will contribute to improve evidence in the broad field of AFG, adipose stem cell and tumor research. Consistent with our study, the literature review shows a clear tendency of clinical trial results with a low incidence rate of tumor recurrence and metastasis following the use of AFG. AFG seems to be a safe procedure also after breast cancer treatment.
Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic-cell neoplasia: a challenging case report
Authors: Koerber Ruth-Miriam , Held Stefanie A. E. , Vonnahme Maria , Feldmann Georg , Wenzel Joerg , Gütgemann Ines , Brossart Peter , Heine Annkristin
Published: September 2021

Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic-cell neoplasm (BPDCN) is an extremely rare disease that originates from dendritic cells and is associated with a poor overall survival (OS). Diagnostic and therapeutic standards are less well-established in comparison to other leukemic conditions and standards of care are lacking. Morphologic and molecular similarities to acute myeloid leukemia (AML), myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) are hard to distinguish. We here report a BPDCN patient with a long, challenging diagnostic period. While bone marrow biopsies initially failed to prove the correct diagnosis, a cutaneous biopsy finally identified a CD45+/CD56+/CD4+/CD123+/CD33+/MPO− population suggestive of BPDCN which was confirmed by flow cytometry. Molecular analysis revealed an ASXL-1, TET2 and SRSF2-mutation, cytogenetic analysis showed a normal karyotype. Treatment with the recently approved CD123-cytotoxin Tagraxofusp showed initially a very good response. This case reflects diagnostic and therapeutic difficulties in BPDCN as very rare, easily misdiagnosed neoplasia and the need for precise diagnostic care.
Application of the D-A-(C) index as a simple tool for microbial-ecological characterization and assessment of groundwater ecosystems—a case study of the Mur River Valley, Austria
Authors: Retter Alice , Griebler Christian , Haas Johannes , Birk Steffen , Stumpp Christine , Brielmann Heike , Fillinger Lucas
Published: September 2021

The assessment and monitoring of the ecological quality and status of groundwater is a timely issue. At present, various assessment tools have been developed that now await application and validation. One of these, the D‑A‑C index, evaluates the microbiological-ecological quality of groundwater based on of prokaryotic cell counts, microbial activity measurements, and the qualitative characterization of dissolved organic carbon (DOM). The purpose of this paper is to illustrate the different ways of application of the D‑A-(C) index making use of a recently collected data set (n = 61) from the river Mur valley, Austria. First, we present an extension of the D‑A-(C) index by including measurements of dissolved organic matter quality (DOM) derived from fluorescence spectroscopy as additional variables to supplement the analysis of microbial cell density and activity levels. Second, we illustrate how the definition of a reference status for a ‘good’ microbiological-ecological state can improve the analysis and allow for a more sensitive and accurate detection of impacts on groundwater ecosystems. Based on our results, we advocate that the analysis be performed by making use of expert knowledge for the definition of reference sites to which target sites are to be compared.
Assessing biological stability in a porous groundwater aquifer of a riverbank filtration system: combining traditional cultivation-based and emerging cultivation-independent in situ and predictive methods
Authors: Kirschner Alexander K. T. , Lindner Gerhard , Jakwerth Stefan , Vierheilig Julia , van Driezum Inge H. , Derx Julia , Blaschke Alfred Paul , Savio Domenico , Farnleitner Andreas H.
Published: September 2021

Riverbank filtration systems are important drinking water resources. Aquifers of riverbank filtration systems are subjected to considerable dynamics concerning the quantity and quality of the infiltrating water. The microbiological quality is mainly jeopardized by faecal contamination of the main river. Besides, water quality can be impacted by growth of natural water-borne bacteria due to the input of nutrients resulting in the proliferation of opportunistic pathogens, impairment of odour and taste or bio-corrosion. The occurrence of such phenomena indicates a biological instability. For highly dynamic riverbank filtration systems, it is thus of high relevance to assess the biological stability of the groundwater resource.

In the present study, we applied a holistic, two-tiered concept of in situ and predictive methods to assess the biostability of the aquifer in a bank filtration system of the Danube River. We applied traditional cultivation-based and selected cultivation-independent methods—including cultivation on yeast extract and R2A agar, determination of total cell counts via fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry, leucine incorporation and 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing—at critical control points along the infiltration path from the river to the abstraction well.

The concentration of organic nutrients and the hydrological variability were the main controlling factors driving the biological stability of the groundwater body. Wells situated at greater distance displayed significantly lower dissolved organic carbon concentrations and a dampened hydrological influence in comparison to the well situated next to the river. Apparent discrepancies between the methods used indicated a different indicator function of the cultivation-based and cultivation-independent approaches. For complex systems, we thus recommend this new holistic concept for assessing biostability by combining in situ as well as predictive parameters and using cultivation-based and cultivation-independent methods.
UR: SMART–A tool for analyzing social media content
Authors: Schwaiger Josef , Hammerl Timo , Florian Johannsen , Leist Susanne
Published: September 2021

The digital transformation, with its ongoing trend towards electronic business, confronts companies with increasingly growing amounts of data which have to be processed, stored and analyzed. Instant access to the “right” information at the time it is needed is crucial and thus, the use of techniques for the handling of big amounts of unstructured data, in particular, becomes a competitive advantage. In this context, one important field of application is digital marketing, because sophisticated data analysis allows companies to gain deeper insights into customer needs and behavior based on their reviews, complaints as well as posts in online forums or social networks. However, existing tools for the automated analysis of social content often focus on one general approach by either prioritizing the analysis of the posts’ semantics or the analysis of pure numbers (e.g., sum of likes or shares). Hence, this design science research project develops the software tool UR:SMART, which supports the analysis of social media data by combining different kinds of analysis methods. This allows deep insights into users’ needs and opinions and therefore prepares the ground for the further interpretation of the voice. The applicability of UR:SMART is demonstrated at a German financial institution. Furthermore, the usability is evaluated with the help of a SUMI (Software Usability Measurement Inventory) study, which shows the tool’s usefulness to support social media analyses from the users’ perspective.