bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
11. The Isolation And Identification Of Bacteria Salmonella Sp On Quail Egg Shell In Traditional Markets Ulee Kareng Banda Aceh
Authors: Erina Erina , Azmansyah Azmansyah , Darniati Darniati , Fakhrurrazi Fakhrurrazi , Safika Safika , N Siregar Tongku
Published: September 2021

This research aim was to determine the level of bacterial contamination of Salmonella sp on quail egg. The samples used in this research was 24 shell of quail eggs obtained from eight stores in traditional markets in Ulee Kareung Banda Aceh. The shell was crushed with a mortar and then cultured on SCB media (selenite cysteine broth). Isolation and identification was conducted by using SSA media culture, Gram staining, and biochemical tests. The results of this research showed that the shell of quail eggs contained Salmonella sp. Therefore it can be concluded that the quail eggs sold in Ulee Kareung traditional market were contaminated by Salmonella sp.
16. Healing Process Of Burns (Vulnus combustion) Degrees IIB Using Mixed Leaf (Spondias dulcis F.) Fresh And Dry With Vaselin In Rats (Rattus Norvegicus)
Authors: Balqis Ummu , Fauzi Mirna Safrani , NA Zuhrawati , Nazaruddin Nazaruddin , Daud Razali , Hamzah Abdullah , Darniati Darniati
Published: September 2021

The aims of this research was looked to determine the healing process of burns  Grade II B using a mixture of fresh and dried leaf kedondong with vaseline white rats (Rattus norvegicus). Animals used were 18 rats. This study was designed using three treatment groups namely (KI) vaseline, (KII) mixture of crushed leaves and fresh kedondong (KIII) mixture of crushed dried leaves kedondong and each two replications. Burns made on the backs of mice and the treatments are done twice a day for 21 days.Observation research parameter is the description of macroscopic and microscopic observed at day 7, 14, and 21 in the skin tissue with hematoxylin and eosin staining. The observation of macroscopic studies showed that the formation of a reddish color, presence of edema, and loss of the fastest consecutive scab is KI, KIII, and KII, while the formation of a scab fastest respectively KIII, KI and KII. The observation of histopathology showed on day 7, KI, KII and KIII found inflammatory cell infiltration, hemorrhage and edema with the spread of many.on the 14th day of KI and KII infiltration of inflammatory cells and their udema much, whereas KIII inflammatory cell infiltration decreased, and hyperemia increase, on the 21st day KI, KII and KII inflammatory cell infiltration, hyperemia and hemorrhage spread with a little, but KI and KII oedemanya still being spread. Based on the results of this study concluded that KIII accelerate the healing process of burns on rats
18. Phytochemistry and Antibacterial Activity Test of Ethanol Extracts of Soursop flower (Annona muricata L.) against Salmonella enteritidis
Authors: Zuraidawati Zuraidawati , Dewi Maryulia , Darmawi Darmawi , Sugito Sugito , Hamzah Abdullah , Winaruddin Winaruddin
Published: September 2021

The purpose of this research was to identified the compounds in ethanol extract of soursop flower and determined the antibacterial activity of the soursop flower extract on Salmonella enteritidis. The phytochemistry screening was done to identify the secondary metabolite compounds of this extract. The concentrations used of ethanol extract of soursop flower were 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, with ampicillin 10 μg/disc as the positive control and 10% Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO) as the negative control. The antibacterial activity test of soursop flower ethanol extract against Salmonella enteritidis was held in vitro using the paper disc diffusion method by measuring the diameter of the inhibition zone. The phytochemistry screening showed that the ethanol extract of soursop flower had secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, phenolic, and flavonoid. The result of the antibacterial activity test showed that there was no inhibition zone (bright zone) at various concentrations. So, it can be concluded that soursop flower ethanol extract (Annona muricata L.) contained the secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, phenolic, and flavonoid, and also this extract had no antibacterial activity against Salmonella enteritidis
Histopathological Finding of Burn Healing Using Ambarella Leaf (Spondias dulcis F.) and Coconut Oil on Rats (Rattus norvegicus)
Authors: Balqis Ummu , R Rasmaidar , M Marwiyah
Published: September 2021

The aims of this research was to find out the histopathological finding of II B degree burns healing on rats (Rattus norvegicus) usingambarella leaf (Spondias dulcis F.) and coconut oil. Experimental animals used were 12 male Wistar strain rats,with the age of 2-3 months, and100-200 grams BW. This study used 4 treatment groups, each treatment consisted of 3 rats. The II B degree burns on the backs of rats madeusing electrical solder connected to the metal. Treatment was done 2 times a day for 21 days, P1 (double distilled water), P2 (ambarella leaf anddouble distilled water), P3 (coconut oil), and P4 (ambarella leaf and coconut oil). Skin sampling was performed on day 7, 14, and 21 forhistopathological preparations and then stained with haematoxylin and eosin. Parameters observed such as inflammatory reactions anddistribution of collagen tissue was analyzed descriptively. The results showed that the P4 group contained fewer inflammatory cell infiltrationand more dense collagen tissue than group P1, P2, and P3. It can be concluded that group P4 (ambarella leaf and coconut oil) showshistopathological finding burns healing better than the other treatment groups.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Key words: ambarella leaf, burns, coconut oil, healing
Morphometric and Histological Characteristics of Aceh Cattle (Bos indicus) Ovaries during the Estrous Cycle
Authors: Jalaluddin M.
Published: September 2021

The reproductive performances of aceh cattle in extreme environment is supported by its reproductive capacity system. This research wasconducted to study there productive system of aceh cattle by examining morphometric and histological characteristics of aceh cow ovaries duringthe estrous cycle. Fifteen Aceh mature cows during estrous cycle, with 200-300 kg of body weight were used in this study. Samples were takenfrom slaughter house in Banda Aceh Municipality, Aceh Province. The ovaries were observed morphometry, then fixed in Bouin solution andprocessed histologically. Ovaries were stained with hematoxylin and eosin to observe the morphometric characteristics of ovarian histology. Thedata obtained are presented in the form of tables and figures, and analyzed descriptively. Aceh has a cow ovarian morphometry and histologycalstructure during different phases of the estrous cycle occurs.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Key words: histology, ovary, aceh cattle, estrous cycle
The Effect of Various Dipping Times on Protein Level of Keumamah Fish
Authors: Jumhuri Jumhuri , Ismail Ismail , Sulasmi Sulasmi
Published: September 2021

The aim of this study was to find out protein level of Keumamah fish dipped in water for various times of dipping. This study used 1.5 kg of keumamah fish sample purchased from Peunayong Market Banda Aceh and divided into four treatment groups. P0 was control group without dipping, whereas P1, P2, and P3 were dipped in 100 C of water for 10, 20, and 30 minutes, respectively, with three repetitions each. The average of protein level on P0, P1, P2, and P3 was 13.66, 12.29, 11.8, and 10.56%, respectively. In conclusion, the dipping time affect to decrease keumamah fish protein level.Key words: keumamah, protein level, dipping time
The Effect of Ethanol Extracted of Balsamina (Impatiens balsamina Linn) leaf on the Growth of Candida albicans In Vitro
Authors: Naitullah Nadia , Jamin Faisal , Frengki Frengki , Dewi Maryulia
Published: September 2021

This research aimed to determine the effect of ethanol extract of Impatiens balsamina Linn leaves on the growth of Candida albicans in vitro. One kilogram of Impatiens balsamina leaves which grows in Aceh was used. The leaves were washed, dried and blended into powder. The powder was then extracted with ethanol, filtrated, and evaporated. The crude extract was then made into serial concentration of 100, 75, 50, and 25%. The test of the effect of giving ethanol extract in Impatiens balsamina Linn is determined by the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Results showed that inhibition zones for 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100% were 0.0, 8.66±1.53, 11.66±1.55, 13.66±1.52, and 6±5.29 consecutively. It can be concluded that the ethanol extract of Impatiens balsamina Linn leaves± inhibit the growth of Candida albicans.Key words: Candida albicans, balsamina leaf, Impatiens balsamina Linn, extract
The Effect of Propofol on Onset and Sedation in Diabetic Mellitus Rat (Rattus norvegicus)
Authors: Erwin Erwin , Rusli Rusli , Zuraidawati Zuraidawati , Irwansyah Fadillah
Published: September 2021

This research aimed to examine the time of onset and sedation on diabetic mellitus (DM) rat (Rattus norvegicus) by propofol. This study used 8 female wistar rats 2-3 months old and 150-200 grams of bodyweight, fed with standard feed and water ad libitum. Samples were divided into two groups. Group 1 (KI) as a control group was injected intraperitoneally with aloxan solvent and group 2 (KII) was injected intraperitoneally with 150 mg/kg bodyweight aloxan. Blood glucose was checked 10 days after aloxan injection, DM was categorized if the blood glucose over 150 mg/dl. All rats were injected intravenously with propofol 1% with the dose of 10 mg/kg bodyweight. Onset and sedation time was counted using stopwatch after propofol injection. The result showed that mean (±SD) of onset on KI and KII were 1.39±0.49 and 8.64±1.23 seconds, consecutively and they were significantly different at P0.01. Whilst mean (±SD) of sedation KI and KII were 12.12±1.47 minutes and 7.62±1.61 minutes, respectively. The onset and sedation time of KI was significantly different from KII P0.01. The conclusion of this research was DM affects time of onset and sedation when wistar strain rats were anesthetized by 1% propofol.Key words: rats, diabetic mellitus, propofol, onset, sedation
The Pattern of Carbohydrate Distribution of Accessory Sex Glands in Male Muntjac (Muntiacus muntjak muntjak)
Authors: Wahyuni Sri , Anggara Boni , Akmal Muslim , Hamny Hamny , Sabri Mustafa
Published: September 2021

The objective of this study was to investigate the pattern of carbohydrate distribution of accressory sex glands in male muntjac (Muntiacus muntjak muntjak) in the velvet antler stage. In macroanatomy observation, muntjac accessory sex glands consist of the ampulla, vesicular gland, pars diseminate prostat, and bulbourethral gland. The observation of neutral carbohydrate distribution has done by periodic acid Schiff (PAS) staining. In addition, acid carbohydrate was observed by using alcian blue (AB) pH2,5 staining. Result of this research showed that neutral and acid carbohydrate scattering in each accessories sex gland with different pattern. Neutral carbohydrate with medium (++) and high (+++) intensity reaction was found in the ampulla, vesicularis gland, and bulbourethral gland and strong in prostat gland. The acid carbohydrate with low (+) and medium (++) intensity reaction was observed in the ampulla, low in vesicularis gland, and negative in prostat and bulbourethral glands. In conclusion, the neutral carbohydrate was found dominantly on surface of all accessory sex glands of male muntjac in velvet antler stage with highest concentration and intensity of colour in prostat gland.Key words: carbohydrate, accessory sex glands, muntjac (Muntiacus muntjak muntjak)
Concepciones y prácticas de evaluación en la formación de maestros de educación infantil
Authors: Gómez-Martínez Ángela María , Parra-Mendoza Angie Yuliana , Soto-Juya Margie Lorena
Published: September 2021

La investigación tuvo como objetivo caracterizar las concepciones y prácticas de evaluación en la formación de maestros en educación inicial de los programas de Educación Infantil y Educación para la Primera Infancia de la Universidad Pedagógica Nacional, Distrital Francisco José de Caldas y San Buenaventura sede Bogotá. Una vez establecidas las categorías, las concepciones y las prácticas evaluativas, surge la necesidad de analizar si las concepciones que tienen tanto los maestros como los estudiantes de los programas seleccionados guardan relación con las prácticas evaluativas que se desarrollan dentro del aula, ya que el componente teórico es claro, sin embargo, no siempre coherente con su aplicación en la práctica pedagógica. Se orienta esta investigación a partir del diseño metodológico de análisis de contenido, ubicado en el paradigma cualitativo. Así, fue posible identificar la falta de coherencia entre la teoría que los orientadores predican y las prácticas evaluativas que llevan a cabo con los maestros en formación, puesto que el maestro, aunque se basa en diferentes autores y sus teorías, desarrolla sus prácticas de acuerdo con su experiencia. Se puede concluir que, aunque el concepto de evaluación y las prácticas evaluativas se encuentran estrictamente ligadas, si no es clara la concepción que se tiene acerca de la evaluación, muy difícilmente se podrán desarrollar prácticas evaluativas que favorezcan el aprendizaje de los estudiantes, en este sentido, es el maestro quien desde su conocimiento y formación decide sobre la implementación de innovaciones en el aula.
Residual Neuromuscular Block in HIV-Infected Young Patients: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: hou Ruixue , wu Liangyu , liu Yadong , miao Fangfang , yin Cheng , wang Tianlong , cheng Hao
Published: September 2021

Objectives: Avoidance of residual neuromuscular blockade (RNMB) is crucial to decrease anesthesia-related pulmonary complications. At present, no data are available for HIV-infected patients about the occurrence of RNMB. In this trial, we aim to investigate the incidence of RNMB in such patients. Methods: Data were prospectively collected on 45 normal and 45 HIV-infected patients (18-65 yr). The train-of-four stimulation (TOF-Watch SX) was used to evaluate the level of neuromuscular block from the induction of anesthesia to back to the postanesthesia care unit (PACU) by an assessor, but blind to the anesthesiologist. Primary endpoint was the presence of RNMB at PACU admission, defined as a train-of-four (TOF) ratio < 0.9. The onset time (from application of cisatracurium to maximum depression of T1), no reaction time (from zero of T1 to non-zero), and clinical duration (from application to 25% recovery of T1) were determined for each patient. Results: The incidence of RNMB was 37.5% in HIV- infected patients and 32.5% in normal patients (difference, 5%; 99% CI, −16% to 26 1%; p=0.815). The onset time was no different between two groups (4.05±0.88 min in HIV-infected group vs. 3.85±1.08 min in normal group (p=0.37)). The no reaction time was also similarly between two groups ( 49.83±3.81min in HIV-infected group vs. 48.98±5.12min in normal group (p=0.40)). The clinical duration was 53.78±3.05 min and 52.40±5.02 min in HIV-infected group and normal group, respectively (p=0.14). Conclusion: The odds of RNMB were not significantly different in HIV-infected young patients compared to normal persons.
Maffucci Syndrome Complicated by Giant Chondrosarcoma in the Left Ankle with an IDH1 R132C Mutation: Case Report
Authors: Lv Haiyan , Jiang Hantao , Zhang Minge , Luo Huarong , Hong Zhenghua , Yang Hai , Xu Weiming , Shen Bo , Zhu Rangteng
Published: September 2021

Background: Maffucci syndrome is a rare, nonhereditary congenital mesodermal dysplasia characterized by multiple enchondromas and hemangiomas. It is associated with an increased risk of the development of malignant tumors. We present a case of 45-year-old man with Maffucci syndrome to supplement the clinical manifestations and explore the molecular mechanism of Maffucci syndrome.Results: The patient was underwent amputation surgery to inhibit tumor development and diagnosed as Maffucci syndrome with 1-2 grade giant chondrosarcoma in the left ankle. In addition, the whole exon analysis by Next Generation Sequencing revealed isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 R132C mutation in chondrosarcoma lesions but not in blood DNA. Conclusions: This case report presents the genetic evidence for the inclusion of chondrosarcoma among tumors characterizing Maffucci syndrome. Consequently, it is suggested that patients with Maffucci syndrome should be followed up more actively to exclude neoplasms due to IDH1 R132C somatic mutation.
Wind-SST Dipole Mode in the Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico: Large-Scale Features and Drivers
Authors: Rodríguez-Vera Geidy , Ribera Pedro , Romero-Centeno Rosario
Published: September 2021

The Dipole Mode (DM) is the leading pattern of springtime wind-SST coupled interannual variability in the Intra-Americas Seas, characterized by SST anomalies of opposite sign between the Caribbean Sea and the Gulf of Mexico. Using the standard deviation (STD) of the wind in a Maximum Correlation Analysis (MCA), this study aims to provide a more dynamic view of the role of the atmosphere in its coupling with the SST. The MCA reveals that the positive phase of the DM is associated with an increase in atmospheric instability, while the negative phase emerges under more stable atmospheric conditions. The DM is preceded by changes in the subtropical high-pressure belt during the previous winter, particularly in the North Atlantic Subtropical High (NASH), and reflects shifts in the latitudinal position of the subtropical jet stream. The DM positive phase tends to occur after an El Niño winter, under negative North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) conditions. El Niño modulates the DM through a weakening in the meridional pressure gradient and a southward shift of the jet stream. A negative NAO implies a weaker NASH and, therefore, a more irregular circulation over the region. Both El Niño and negative NAO conditions favor the increase in wind STD during the DM positive phase, consistent with an increment in atmospheric disturbances. The DM negative phase responds more to a positive NAO in the previous winter, revealing a stronger NASH acting as an atmospheric block, which justifies the decrease in STD and a more stable circulation.
Meta-Analysis Reveals Consensus Genomic Regions Associated with Multiple Disease Resistance in Wheat ( Triticum Aestivum L.)
Authors: Saini Dinesh Kumar , Chahal Amneek , Pal Neeraj , Srivast Puja , Gupta Pushpendra Kumar
Published: September 2021

In wheat, meta-QTLs (MQTLs), and candidate genes (CGs) were identified for multiple disease resistance (MDR). For this purpose, information was collected from 58 studies for mapping QTLs for resistance to one or more of the five diseases. As many as 493 QTLs were available from these studies, which were distributed in five diseases as follows: septoria tritici blotch (STB) 126 QTLs; septoria nodorum blotch (SNB), 103; fusarium head blight (FHB), 184; karnal bunt (KB), 66, and loose smut (LS), 14. Of these 493 QTLs, only 291 QTLs could be projected onto a consensus genetic map, giving 63 MQTLs. The CI of the MQTLs ranged from 0.04 to 15.31 cM with an average of 3.09 cM per MQTL. This is a ~ 4.39 fold reduction from the CI of initial QTLs, which ranged from 0 to 197.6 cM, with a mean of 13.57 cM. Of 63 MQTLs, 60 were anchored to the reference physical map of wheat (the physical interval of these MQTLs ranged from 0.30 to 726.01 Mb with an average of 74.09 Mb). Thirty-eight (38) of these MQTLs were verified using marker-trait associations (MTAs) derived from genome-wide association studies. As many as 874 CGs were also identified which were further investigated for differential expression using data from five transcriptome studies, resulting in 194 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Among the DEGs, 85 genes had functions previously reported to be associated with disease resistance. These results should prove useful for fine mapping of MDR genes and marker-assisted breeding.
Amplitude Modulation of Relative Humidity by Wind in Northeast China: the Formation of Variance Annual Cycle in Relative Humidity
Authors: Nian Da , Huang Yu , Fu Zuntao
Published: September 2021

Relative humidity has an important impact not only on climate change and ecosystems but also on human life. The intensity of high-frequency fluctuations in relative humidity over Northeast China shows a predominant seasonally dependent structure, which may be closely related to regional monsoon activities. However, the factors responsible for this phenomenon remain unknown. This study defines the Variance Annual Cycle (VAC) to describe this seasonally dependent intensity structure of high-frequency relative humidity fluctuations. Relative humidity VAC shows a high correlation with low-frequency oscillations of wind speed. We examine the instantaneous amplitude-phase correlation map and amplitude modulation (AM) index between relative humidity and wind speed. We find that the wind speed with a period around 140-420 days has a significant amplitude modulation effect on the relative humidity with a period around 2-90 days over most regions in Northeast China, which reveals that the low-frequency oscillations of wind speed amplitude- modulate on the high-frequency fluctuations of relative humidity. To explore the physical mechanism behind this modulation, we examine the monthly mean patterns of the atmospheric fields. The patterns indicate that this amplitude modulation is induced by the evolution and transition of East Asian winter monsoon and summer monsoon.
A New Approach For Smart Soil Erosion Modelling: Integration of Empirical And Machine Learning Models
Authors: Avand Mohammadtaghi , Mohammadi Maziar , Mirchooli Fahimeh , Kavian Ataollah , Tiefenbacher John P
Published: September 2021

Despite advances in artificial intelligence modelling, the lack of soil erosion data and other watershed information is still one of the important factors limiting soil-erosion modelling. Additionally, the limited number of parameters and the lack of evaluation criteria are major disadvantages of empirical soil-erosion models. To overcome these limitations, we introduce a new approach that integrates empirical and artificial intelligence models. Erosion-prone locations (erosion ≥16 tons/ha/year) are identified using RUSLE model and a soil-erosion map is prepared using random forest (RF), artificial neural network (ANN), classification tree analysis (CTA), and generalized linear model (GLM). This study uses 13 factors affecting soil erosion in the Talar watershed, Iran, to increase prediction accuracy. The results reveal that the RF model has the highest prediction performance (AUC=0.95, Kappa=0.87, Accuracy=0.93, and Bias=0.88), outperforming the three machine-learning models. The results show that slope angle, land use/land cover, elevation, and rainfall erosivity are the factors that contribute the most to soil erosion propensity in the watershed. Curvature and topography position index (TPI) were removed from the analysis due to multicollinearity with other factors. The results can be used to improve the identification of hot spots of soil erosion, especially in watersheds for which soil-erosion data are limited.
Prediction of Iranian EFL Teachers' Burnout Level Using Machine Learning Algorithms and Maslach Burnout Inventory
Authors: Dizaj Shima Baniadam , Dizaj Shahla Baniadam
Published: September 2021

Burnout is that the end result of excessive work-associated pressure and it is categorized through emotional, psychological, and bodily exhaustion. we can remember it as a cutting-edge epidemic withinside the coaching career likewise as distinct professions. The measures that could have an impact on a lecturer and may reason burnout are categorized as Depersonalization, Emotional Exhaustion, Personal Accomplishment. alevin though articles on educator burnout range of their approach, they incline to specialize withinside the reasons of burnout, the manner to evaluate the symptoms and symptoms of burnout, strategies to forestall burnout, and/or subsequent steps for administrators and teachers. The principal problem that has been incomprehensible is the prediction of acquiring burned out. Through prediction, we can reduce lower back the fees of the burnout effect on teachers, students, schools, and society and forestall its results like depression, coronary failure, or possibly suicide. Our goal is to investigate and are expecting the burnout stage in English as a faraway Language (EFL) instructor. we're going to use Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) to collect a dataset and stay the three subscales of instructor burnout: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and decreased non-public accomplishment. whilst studying the amassed dataset that consisted of 1433 teachers' data, nine system getting to know type algorithms through enforcing exploitation python programing language is implemented and accuracy is hired as an overall performance parameter.
Effect of Nicotiana benthamiana exposed to long- or short-chain perfluoroalkyl substances: Levels, transfer and potential risk analysis
Authors: Liu Huinian , Hu Wenli , Li Xin , Lu Sihui , Hu Fangwen , Liu Yanfen , Xie Tanghuan , Zhang Zhuang , Xi Yanni , Su Zhu , Zhang Chang
Published: September 2021

Background: Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) can endanger human health through the food chain. However, the physiological mechanisms of crops exposed to PFAS are still unclear. Objectives: The physiology, phytotoxicity and accumulation of Solanaceae model crops Nicotiana benthamiana exposed to perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), hexafluoropropylene oxide-dimer acid (HFPO-DA) and their mixed contaminants have been studied. Results: (i) Biomass, relative electrical conductivity and catalase all decrease; (ii) Chlorophyll, peroxidase, hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde all increase; (iii) Superoxide dismutase and soluble sugar both increase and then decrease; (Ⅳ) The absorption and transport of K, Ca, Mg and Na are affected, particularly shoots; (V) PFOA has the highest toxicity and bioaccumulation. Conclusion: PFAS will damages the economic benefits of crops and people's health. So, its production and uses should be curtailed except for essential uses. Future direction: Substitute substances may be more harmful, so grouping strategies and evaluation framework should be established as soon as possible.
Identify Prognostic Factors and Establish a Risk Stratification Model to Predict Cancer-Specific Survival for Patients with Pancreatic Cancer Liver Metastasis: A Population-Based Study
Authors: Cao Biyang , Wu Chenchen , Zhang Letian , Wang Jing
Published: September 2021

Background

Pancreatic cancer liver metastasis (PCLM) is a commonly fatal disease, but there are few prognostic models for these entities. The purpose of this study is to investigate prognostic factors based on clinicopathological characteristics and establish a prognostic nomogram predicting the cancer-specific survival (CSS) for PCLM patients.
Methods

The characteristics of 6015 patients with PCLM between 2010 and 2015 from Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database were analyzed. Prognostic factors and nomogram predicting CSS were developed by Cox proportional hazard regression model. The predictive accuracy and discriminative ability of nomogram were assessed by concordance index (C-index), calibration curve, decision curve analyses (DCAs) and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Moreover, a risk classification system was built according to the cut-off values off the nomogram.
Results

Based on the univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis, significant prognostic factors were identified and included to establish the nomogram for CSS. The median survival time (MST) for all patients is 4.0 months (95% confidence interval [CI]:3.8–4.2) and CSS at 6, 12 and 18 months was 34.12%, 15.63% and 7.83%, respectively. The C-index of nomogram was 0.693 (95%CI: 0.689–0.697) and all verification results showed an accurate and discriminative ability in predicting CSS. Significant differences in Kaplan–Meier curves were observed in patients stratified into different risk groups (p < 0.001), with MST of 7.0 months (95% CI: 6.7–7.3), 3.0 months (95% CI: 2.7–3.3), and 2.0 months (95% CI: 1.8–2.2), respectively.
Conclusions

A prognostic nomogram and corresponding risk classification system were proposed to predict CSS for PCLM.
Orbital angular momentum-driven anomalous Hall effect
Authors: Dowinton Oliver , Bahramy Mohammad
Published: September 2021

Orbital angular momentum (OAM) plays a central role in regulating the magnetic state of electrons in non-periodic systems such as atoms and molecules. In solids, on the other hand, OAM is usually quenched by the crystal field, and thus, has a negligible effect on magnetisation. Accordingly, it is generally neglected in discussions around band topology such as Berry curvature (BC) and intrinsic anomalous Hall conductivity (AHC). Here, we present a theoretical framework demonstrating that crystalline OAM can be directionally unquenched in transition metal oxides via energetic proximity of the conducting d electrons to the local magnetic moments. We show that this leads to `composite' Fermi-pockets with topologically non-trivial OAM textures. This enables a giant Berry curvature with an intrinsic non-monotonic AHC, even in collinearly-ordered spin states. We use this model to explain the origin of the giant AHC observed in the forced-ferromagnetic state of EuTiO3 and propose it as a prototype for OAM driven AHC.
The Correlation Analysis Between the Blood Lipids, Glycosylated Protein Level and Inflammatory Factors of Pregnant Women with GDM During Pregnancy and the Weight of Newborn
Authors: Hu Changhua , Wu Lirong , Fang Juan
Published: September 2021

The study was carried to explore the correlation between blood lipids, blood glucose levels, inflammatory factor and weight of newborn, to provide reference for control of blood glucose in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and early screening of macrosomia. Fifty pregnant women (give birth to newborn) with GDM were selected as research group, and 55 normal pregnant women (give birth to newborn) as control group. Blood lipid levels of TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, the fasting blood glucose (FPG), HbAlc, glycosylated albumin (GA), and expression of inflammatory factor TLR4 of pregnant women in the two groups were monitored. The levels of TG, FPG, HbA1c and GA in pregnant women, the levels of TLR4 in cord blood of newborn, the relative expression of TLR4 protein and TLR4mRNA in the placenta were higher than in control group, and level of HDL-C was lower than the control group. The levels of TC and LDL-C of pregnant women were higher than in control group. Weight of newborn was positively correlated with these all except HDL-C levels (negatively correlated) and no correlation was found with TC and LDL-C. The weight of newborn and incidence of macrosomia in research group were higher compared to control group, and scores of newborns at 1 min and 5 min were lower compared to control group. The results revealed that strengthening the detection of blood lipid and blood glucose during pregnancy can prevent adverse outcomes such as giant babies and improve the quality of birth.
The Prevalence of Scoliosis Screening Positive and its Influencing Factors: A School based Cross-sectional Study in Zhejiang Province, China
Authors: Zou Yan , Lin Yun , Meng Jia , Li Juanjuan , Gu Fang , Zhang Ronghua
Published: September 2021

Background: Early detection of scoliosis is of great significance to patients with scoliosis and the whole society. This paper aims to learn the prevalence of scoliosis screening positive among students in primary and secondary schools, and to explore the influencing factors. Methods: In 2019, a stratified cluster sampling technique was employed in this school based cross-sectional study. Sampling covers all prefecture level cities in Zhejiang Province. Based on the whole class, at least 80 students in each grade of primary school, junior high school and senior high school were selected. Physical examination and scoliosis screening were performed in the school-based investigation. Distribution of demographic characteristics and nutritional status of children and adolescents with scoliosis screening positive were explored. Results: A total of 45547 students were screened. The overall prevalence of children and adolescents with scoliosis screening positive were 3.9%. Higher prevalence of scoliosis screening positive was found in students living in urban area (4.1%), female students (4.1%), students with low weight (5.3%) (p < 0.05), and the prevalence increased with age (p < 0.05). In logistic analysis, we found age (OR=1.145), gender (OR=1.118) and low weight (OR=1.480) were the influencing factors for prevalence of scoliosis screening positive (p < 0.05). Conclusions: There were no disparities between living areas, but there was significant difference between genders, among different ages, and among different nutritional status of children and adolescents with or without scoliosis screening positive. In multi analysis, age, gender, and low weight were the influencing factors for prevalence of scoliosis screening positive. Age and gender specific scoliosis screening strategy and nutritional public health policies for children and adolescent are need.
Shared Decision-making in Healthcare in Mainland China: A Scoping Review Protocol
Authors: Li Xuejing , Zhao Junqiang , Zhang Xiaoyan , Meng Meiqi , Han Liu , Hao Yufang
Published: September 2021

Background: Shared decision-making (SDM) has been increasingly studied and applied to improve patients’ decision qualities and health outcomes. Little is known about its development status in mainland China. The Ottawa Decision Support Framework (ODSF) has been extensively used to guide clinicians and patients facing difficult healthcare decisions. It claims that decision quality can be improved though the implementation of decision support interventions that address patients’ decisional needs. Objective: Based on ODSF, the objective of the scoping review is to systematically map the existing research literature to answer the following three questions: 1) What healthcare decisional needs were examined within Chinese population? 2) What decision support interventions (SDM theories, tools, processes, implementation determinants) were used to address the healthcare decisional needs? and 3) What SDM outcomes were reported? Methods and analysis: We will conduct the scoping review following Arksey and O'Malley’ six-stage methodological framework. Seven databases: Ovid MEDLINE, the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), EMBASE, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wan Fang Database, The VIP Database, and China Biology Medicine will be searched to identify relevant studies. Four reviewers will independently screen studies based on the eligibility criteria. The ODSF, as a guiding framework, will be used to develop the data extraction form and guide data analysis. All the retrieved information will be coded and mapped into the three key components of ODSF, namely decisional needs, decision support interventions, and decision outcomes. We will report our review findings following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) reporting guidelines.Discussion: This study will be the first comprehensive and systematic review to understand the SDM research status in mainland China. The results of this review will help us to identify the gaps in current SDM research and inform future theoretical and empirical studies.Registration: Inplasy protocol 202130021. doi: 10.37766/inplasy2021.3.0021
An altered microbiome in a Parkinson’s disease model Drosophila melanogaster has a negative effect on development
Authors: Parker-Character Jade , Hager David R. , Call Tanner B. , Pickup Zachary S. , Turnbull Scott A. , Marshman Evan M. , Korch Shaleen B. , Chaston John M. , Call Gerald B.
Published: September 2021

It is well-established that there are differences in the fecal microbiota composition between Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients and control populations, but the mechanisms underlying these differences are not yet fully understood. To begin to close the gap between description and mechanism we studied the relationship between the microbiota and PD in a model organism, Drosophila melanogaster. First, fecal transfers were performed with a D. melanogaster model of PD that had a mutation in the parkin (park25) gene. Results indicate that the PD model feces had a negative effect on both pupation and eclosion in both control and park25 flies, with a greater effect in PD model flies. Analysis of the microbiota composition revealed differences between the control and park25 flies, consistent with many human studies. Conversely, gnotobiotic treatment of axenic embryos with feces-derived bacterial cultures did not affect eclosure. We speculate this result might be due to similarities in bacterial prevalence between mutant and control feces. Further, we confirmed a bacteria-potentiated impact on mutant and control fly phenotypes by measuring eclosure rate in park25flies that were mono-associated with members of the fly microbiota. Both the fecal transfer and the mono-association results indicate a host genotype-microbiota interaction. Overall, this study concludes functional effects of the fly microbiota on PD model flies, providing support to the developing body of knowledge regarding the influence of the microbiota on PD.
Determinants of COVID-19 Vaccine Behaviour Intentions Among The Youth In Kenya: A Vaccine Pre-Introduction Study
Authors: Osur Joachim O. , Chengo Rehema , Muinga Evelyne , Kemboi Jackline , Sidibe Myriam , Rarieya Maggie
Published: September 2021

Background: COVID-19 has become a public health concern globally with increased numbers of cases of the disease and deaths reported daily. The key strategy for the prevention of COVID-19 disease is to enhance mass COVID-19 vaccination. However, mass vaccination faces challenges of hesitation to acceptance of the vaccine in the community. The youths may not be among the vulnerable population to adverse effects of COVID-19 but are highly susceptible to contracting the virus. The aim of the study was to assess COVID-19 vaccine youth behavior intentions and their determinants in Kenya. Methods: The study used a mixed method study design, employing a cross-sectional survey and focused group discussions across 47 counties in Urban, Peri-Urban and Rural settings. The interviewees were youths aged 18-35, registered in online platforms that included Shujaaz, Brck Moja, Aiffluence, Y Act and Heroes for Change. Quantitative data was collected using Google docs while the Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) were done virtually. A total of 637 interviews and 4 FGDs were done. Quantitative data was analysed using STATA version 16. Qualitative data was analyzed using MAXQDA software.Results: The findings of the study indicated that only 42% of the youths were ready to be vaccinated, 52% were not ready to be vaccinated adopting wait and see approach to what happens to those who had received the vaccine, and 6% were totally not willing to be vaccinated. The determinants of behavior intention among the youths were; the perceived effects the vaccine on health, lack of adequate information about the COVID-19 vaccine, too much conflicting information about COVID-19 vaccine from the social media, religion, education level, perceived risk of contracting the COVID-19 disease, efficacy of the COVID-19 vaccine, gender, trust in the ministry of health, and the belief that the COVID-19 vaccine was harmful to the populations.Conclusion: The Vaccine hesitancy among the youths was found to be 58%. The Hesitancy is higher among females, protestants, those with post-secondary education. Lack of information and concerns around vaccine safety and effectiveness were main cause of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among the youths. Social media was the major source of information contributing to hesitancy. Other contributors included; low trust in the MoH, belief that mass vaccination is not helpful
Hepatic Compartment Syndrome Treated with Damage Control Surgery and Transarterial Embolization: A Case Report
Authors: Fujita Motoo , Sato Takeaki , takase Kei , Sato Tomomi , Furukawa Hajime , Kushimoto Shigeki
Published: September 2021

Background: Hepatic compartment syndrome (HCS) is a complication of nonoperative management in patients with blunt hepatic injury. Although decompression of elevated intrahepatic pressure through surgical exploration or drainage and hemorrhage control are required to manage this condition, evidence for such a management for this complication is insufficient. Herein, we report a pediatric patient treated with a planned combination strategy of surgical decompression with perihepatic packing to reduce intrahepatic pressure and subcapsular hemorrhage control as well as angioembolization to control intraparenchymal hemorrhage. Case presentation: A 12-year-old boy was referred to our emergency department 5 h after sustaining severe bruising in the upper abdomen in a traffic accident. Computed tomography (CT) showed an intraparenchymal hematoma in the right lobe of the liver; nonoperative management was selected based on stable hemodynamic status. Two days after the injury, he complained of severe abdominal pain and shock. CT showed an intraparenchymal and large subcapsular hematoma with right branch compression of the portal vein and extravasation of contrast material. Laboratory data showed progression of hepatocellular damage. We successfully managed this patient with a planned combination strategy of surgical decompression with perihepatic packing for reduction of intrahepatic pressure and subcapsular hemorrhage control, followed by angioembolization for control of intraparenchymal hemorrhage. Conclusion: Our study suggests that for the management of HCS, a planned combination strategy of damage control surgery and angioembolization is a therapeutic option.
Atomic, surface morphology, structural and electrochemical properties of silver nanoparticles-polypyrrole composite film grown on cellulosic paper substrate
Authors: HAMAM Abderrazak , Maiza Mounira , Chehimi Mohamed Mehdi , Oukil Dahbia
Published: September 2021

In this work, we describe a simple strategy for the preparation of a low-cost electrode material based on polypyrrole (PPy) film grown on an insulating cellulosic paper substrate (Pap) via in-situ oxidative polymerization technique and functionalized by silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) uniformly dispersed on its surface. The properties of the obtained AgNPs-PPy composites were characterized using FTIR-ATR spectroscopy (FTIR-ATR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDX), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (DRX) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (SIE).
Power Minimization of UAV-Assisted Full-Duplex Mobile Relaying via Hybrid Trajectory Design
Authors: Ji Xiaodong , Wang Tao , Qian Chong , Huang Chenhao
Published: September 2021

This paper solved a propulsion power minimization problem subject to a total data-bits constraint of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) enabled full-duplex mobile relaying system, where a full-duplex UAV relay is dispatched as a mobile relay to assist data transfer from a source to a destination by using three trajectory flying modes, namely, the UAV first flies in a circle above the source, next flies to the destination in a straight line, and finally flies in a circle above the destination until all the data bits has been transferred. Since the propulsion power minimization problem is a non-convex mixed integer programming problem and its closed-form solution is hard to obtain, it is transformed to three sub-problems so as to simplify its solution. After solving the three sub-problems, an iterative algorithm is proposed to achieve a sub-optimal solution to the propulsion power minimization problem, leading to a new hybrid circular/straight trajectory (HCST) design. Computer simulations are conducted and the results validated the proposed HCST design. It is shown that compared to the straight or circular flight trajectory design, the HCST performs well in terms of energy saving for the long distance and big data communication cases.
Lessons learned from the first 50 COVID-19 critical care transfer missions conducted by a civilian UK Helicopter Emergency Medical Service
Authors: Jeyanathan Jey , Bootland Duncan , Al-Rais Andrew , Leung Jonathan , Wijesuriya Julian , Banks Luke , Breen Tom , DeCoverly Richard , Curtis Leigh , McHenry Allan , Wright David , Griggs Jo , Lyon Richard M
Published: September 2021

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has placed exceptional demand on Intensive Care Units, necessitating the critical care transfer of patients on a regional and national scale. Performing these transfers required specialist expertise and involved moving patients over significant distances. Air Ambulance Kent Surrey Sussex (AAKSS) created a designed critical care transfer team and was one of the first civilian air ambulances in the United Kingdom to move ventilated COVID-19 patients by air. We describe the practical set up of such a service and the key lessons learned from the first 50 transfers.
Methods
Retrospective review of air critical care transfer service set up and case review of first 50 transfers.
Results
We describe key elements of the critical care transfer service, including coordination and activation; case interrogation; workforce; training; equipment; aircraft modifications; human factors and clinical governance. A total of 50 missions are described between 18 December 2020 and 1 February 2021. The mean age of these patients was 58 years (29–83). 30 (60%) were male and 20 (40%) were female. The mean total mission cycle (time of referral until the time team declared free at receiving hospital) was 264 minutes (range 149–440 min). The mean time spent at the referring hospital prior to leaving for the receiving unit was 72 minutes (31–158). The mean transfer transit time between referring and receiving units was 72 minutes (9–182).
Conclusion
Critically ill COVID-19 patients have highly complex medical needs during transport. Critical care transfer of COVID-19-positive patients by civilian HEMS services, including air-transfer, can be achieved safely with specific planning, protocols and pre-cautions. Regional planning of COVID-19 critical care transfers is required to optimise the time available of critical care transfer teams.