bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Beyond paradigms in Organization Studies: the Circle of Epistemic Matrices
Authors: Paula Ana Paula Paes de
Published: March 2016

Abstract In this article, I present a sketch of a new proposition to guide organizational studies: the Cicle of Epistemic Matrices. Inspired by Thomas Kuhn and based on the thesis of paradigms' incommensurability, Gibson Burrell and Gareth Morgan drew the diagram of sociological paradigms, but its inclusion in the academy has encouraged a paradigms war. The Circle of Epistemic Matrices also provides an outline for the guidance of organizational studies, but it is based on Habermas and defends the thesis of cognitive incompleteness, suggesting that the sociological and organizational knowledge grows according to the thesis of epistemic reconstructions. To accomplish these propositions and elaborations, I present the debate about the paradigms' war in literature and I question the adequacy of sociological paradigms of Gibson Burrell and Gareth Morgan to organizational studies, with the issue of the influence that it suffered from Kuhnian paradigms and logic. In the following sections, there is an exhibition of alternative proposition - the of Circle of Epistemic Matrices - and, also, I support the thesis of cognitive incompleteness and the thesis of epistemic reconstructions in order to bring a new theory of knowledge development to the area. Finally, I present the findings and thoughts for future research.
Cultura organizacional e os sete pecados capitais: uma proposta para compreender os sistemas simbólicos
Authors: Schadeck Marise , Grzybovski Denize , Beltrame Betina , Mozzato Anelise Rebelato
Published: March 2016

Resumo O objetivo neste trabalho é descrever e analisar os sistemas simbólicos presentes na cultura das organizações pela perspectiva dos sete pecados capitais. A relevância do tema para o campo reside no fato de se tratar de uma metáfora que pode ser utilizada de forma enriquecedora para a compreensão dos sistemas simbólicos e significados circulantes em diferentes organizações no contexto brasileiro. O percurso teórico contempla a revisão teórica de metáfora na visão clássica aristotélica. Para compreender os sistemas simbólicos, utiliza-se o aporte teórico de Pierre Bourdieu, enquanto que a cultura organizacional é interpretada tendo por base Jean-François Chanlat. Metodologicamente trata-se de pesquisa exploratória que tem como objeto de estudo e análise um caso no Rio Grande do Sul. Os resultados evidenciam que as imagens produzidas pelos pecados capitais orientam um novo olhar sobre a cultura organizacional no universo simbólico organizacional, uma vez que o catolicismo e outras formas de cristianismo são significativos no cotidiano das organizações.
International Development in the Brazilian Context in the 1950s and 1960s: A postcolonial reading of Guerreiro Ramos
Authors: Cavalcanti Maria Fernanda Rios , Alcadipani Rafael
Published: March 2016

Abstract This article analyzes, from a postcolonial perspective, ideas observed in the work of the Brazilian sociologist Alberto Guerreiro Ramos. To do this, first, we examine the basis of postcolonial theory, especially the general context where it emerged. Then, we examine the historical context of Brazil in the 1950s and 1960s, by discussing works by the author that portrayed the transformations in the country within this period. We devote special attention to his sociological reduction theory, as it shows his concern to discuss both epistemic colonialism and his idea of development. Finally, we compare how the postcolonial approach and Guerreiro Ramos' ideas relate to one of the most widespread theories having the precept of development as its main source of legitimacy: the International Business and Management Studies (IBMS). This analysis demonstrates that epistemic colonialism was among the key issues of Guerreiro Ramos' thought. However, we conclude that, despite the author's merits in having raised an earlier discussion that is congruent with postcolonial concerns, his thought was deeply rooted in a mystified idea of international development, similar to that of IBMS, very criticized by postcolonialism. This article seeks to contribute to the Brazilian critical organization studies, by showing the potential of postcolonial thought to challenge and defamiliarize ethnocentric and universalistic assumptions that have grounded theories and decision making processes in most of the world's societies since World War II.
DINÂMICAS DA AÇÃO COLETIVA NO BRASIL CONTEMPORÂNEO: encontros e desencontros entre o sindicalismo e a juventude trabalhadora
Authors: Braga Ruy , Santana Marco Aurélio
Published: March 2016

Tendo em vista o lugar tradicional dos sindicatos como canal de organização e condução de conflitividade na sociedade brasileira, o artigo se propõe articular a reconfiguração das classes sociais no Brasil contemporâneo, as manifestações atuais da inquietação social e a situação dos sindicatos frente a essa nova configuração. A especial ênfase ao papel dos sindicatos nesta nova conjuntura global parte da premissa de que as diferentes respostas dos sindicatos nacionais ao advento do protagonismo político da juventude trabalhadora em condições precárias de vida e de trabalho representam uma oportunidade privilegiada de observação das atuais reconfigurações classistas em contextos de crise.
A CAUSA E AS POLÍTICAS DE DIREITOS HUMANOS NO BRASIL
Authors: Engelmann Fabiano , Madeira Lígia Mori
Published: March 2016

Pretende-se analisar a emergência e consolidação da causa dos direitos humanos no Brasil nas últimas décadas. O argumento principal é que o movimento dos direitos humanos emerge, como em outros contextos da América latina, a partir da contestação do regime militar-autoritário e consolida-se a partir de marcos institucionais após a redemocratização do país. A análise do perfil das causas e dos trajetos dos principais líderes do movimento no Brasil permite afirmar que os direitos humanos transformam-se, ao longo da década de 90, em uma “causa de Estado”. Um dos indicadores mais forte dessa transformação é a articulação entre os movimentos militantes e a burocracia governamental e a expansão de programas de direitos humanos principalmente nas regiões sul, sudeste e norte.
GESTÃO DA COOPERAÇÃO INTERNACIONAL PARA O DESENVOLVIMENTO SUL-SUL À LUZ DOS POSTULADOS E PRINCÍPIOS DA GESTÃO SOCIAL
Authors: Ullrich Danielle , Carrion Rosinha
Published: March 2016

O presente ensaio teórico discute a natureza das relações entre países no sistema internacional e suas respectivas implicações para a gestão de programas e projetos no campo da cooperação internacional para o desenvolvimento (CID), à luz dos postulados e princípios da gestão social. Parte-se do postulado que as ações de CID implicam processos de gestão e são influenciadas pela representação que o país doador faz do desenvolvimento, assim como pelas motivações que o levam a cooperar. A ciência da administração e, em particular a gestão social, tem muito a aportar para a compreensão dos resultados e revisão das práticas de gestão que acompanham as ações realizadas no campo da CID. A prática de impor e sobrevalorizar “saberes técnicos”, em detrimento dos “saberes locais”, técnicos e não técnicos, considerados inferiores, tem induzido a resultados desastrosos em termos políticos, econômicos e sociais.
Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy for the Community Oncologist
Authors: Maus Marcela V. , Levine Bruce L.
Published: March 2016

The field of cancer immunotherapy has rapidly progressed in the past decade as several therapeutic modalities have entered into the clinic. One such immunotherapy that has shown promise in the treatment of cancer is the use of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-modified T lymphocytes. CARs are engineered receptors constructed from antigen recognition regions of antibodies fused to T-cell signaling and costimulatory domains that can be used to reprogram a patient’s T cells to specifically target tumor cells. CAR T-cell therapy has demonstrated sustained complete responses for some patients with advanced leukemia, and a number of CAR therapies are being evaluated in clinical studies. CAR T-cell therapy-associated toxicities, including cytokine release syndrome, macrophage activation syndrome, and tumor lysis syndrome, have been observed and effectively managed in the clinic. In patients with significant clinical responses, sustained B-cell aplasia has also been observed and is a marker of CAR T-cell persistence that might provide long-term disease control. Education on CAR T-cell therapy efficacy and safety management is critical for clinicians and patients who are considering this novel type of treatment. In the present report, the current landscape of CAR T-cell therapy, the effective management of patients undergoing treatment, and which patients are the most suitable candidates for current trials are discussed.
Cytoreductive Surgery Plus Platinum-Based Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer: A Promising Integrated Approach to Improve Locoregional Control
Authors: Petrillo Marco , Anchora Luigi Pedone , Scambia Giovanni , Fagotti Anna
Published: March 2016

Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) remains the most lethal among gynecological malignancies. Evidence strongly suggests that administration of platinum-based hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy after cytoreductive surgery may represent an effective strategy to adequately treat both visible and microscopic disease, thus improving locoregional control.
The use of optimal partitionings for multiparameter data analysis in clinical trials
Authors: Гулиев Р.Р. , Guliev R.R.
Published: March 2016

A predictive model is presented which allows estimating six-month-risk of cardiovascular disease in patients discharged from hospital after acute coronary
syndrome. A database, that has been collected from 16 medical centers in seven Russian cities during seven years, was used to create the model.
The database contains a wide range of clinical, biochemical and genetic characteristics. The approaches based on the use of optimal partitioning, such as
the method of optimal valid partitioning (OVD) and the modified method of statistically weighted syndromes (MSWS), were used in order to create
the predictive model. The accuracy of the model is quite well and is estimated by the value of AUC=0.72. This model shows the better predictive ability
in comparison with the most widely used methods such as logistic regression, usage of decision trees, neural networks etс.
Designing Difference: Co-Production of Spaces of Potentiality
Authors: Wolf Garrett , Mahaffey Nathan
Published: March 2016

Design and Planning professionals have long been influenced by the belief in physically and spatially deterministic power over people and the environment, a belief that their representations of space become space. As a result the goal of design often becomes “fixing” or directing behavior and culture instead of letting culture happen. This outlook often prevents designers from engaging critically with culture, through representational space and spatial practice, as a crucial, possibly the most crucial, aspect in the design process. Just as human cultures interact to constantly reproduce and co-produce hybrid cultures, the professional designer and those users and experiencers of design (at whatever scale) must interact to co-produce spaces and places of activity. Through a critique of the practice of placemaking, we highlight the need to differentiate between participation and co-production. Understanding participation as one element of the design process and the role of design at larger scales of co-productive processes can help designers have a better understanding of how spaces are produced, and the role of designers in the creation of spaces of potentiality. Agamben’s writing on potentialities and Lefebvre’s spatial triad offer a theoretical framework to investigate the ethical role of professional designers in society while taking a critical stance against the singular solutions of modernist urban transformation. Spaces of Potentiality are seen here as a designer’s simultaneous withdrawal from rational problem solving and deterministic solutions, and an engagement with open source strategies for the co-production of urban space.
Forming learning skills of the child with autism spectrum disorder, organic damage of the central nervous system and intellectual deficits
Authors: Ulianova R.K. , Ulianov K.N.
Published: March 2016

One of the most difficult stages of special education services for the child with autism spectrum disorder is establishing contact. When this problem is solved, a skilled educator would be able to reveal potential abilities and see a special interest (even maybe of a pathologic nature) even in a child with intellectual deficits. These interests and abilities are the basis of the further work on the child's development. This article describes the prolonged educational work during the 1970s on the preparation for school of a girl diagnosed with autism, organic damage of the central nervous system, diminished intellect, heightened aggression and impulsive be­havior. The article provides detailed description of the techniques used by the special educator for the problem solving, as well as general commentary for the concrete situations of the sessions with the child, the results of the work on developing learning skills and raising a child.
Beden Çalışma Gücü Kaybı Değerlendirilen Olgularda Kurumlar Arası Karşılaştırma
Authors: Ünal Volkan , Baklacıoğlu Ferruh , Ünal Esra Özgün , Çetinkaya Zafer , Demir Muhammet , Çağdır Ahmet Sadi
Published: March 2016

Objective: In Turkey, individuals who want to retire due to illness and determined within the provisions of the relevant rules and regulations are defined as 'retirement due to disability1. When the insured apply with a petition, describing that s/he cannot work because of the diseases, retirement process begins. First Social Security Institution in case of objection Social Security Supreme Council of Health prepares reports about individuals. Third Specialization Board of the Council of Forensic Medicine is the final expertise authority on these cases. With this study it is aimed to reveal the decision differences on 'retirement due to disability1 cases between the Third Specialization Board of the Council of Forensic Medicine and the other institutions and, guided with the findings, to provide the standardization in practical implementation.Materials and Methods: For this study; the reports of the 3rd Specialization Board of The Council of Forensic Medicine were retrospectively investigated and the cases who were reported as not suitable for the retirement due to diseases by Social Security Institution and Social Security Supreme Council of Health but reported as suitable for the retirement due to diseases by the 3”1 Specialization Board were included.Results: Totally sixty four cases were determined. Fifty seven of the cases were male and seven ofthem were female. Average age of female cases was 50.71, male cases were 49.89 and average age of all cases was 49.98.Conclusion: Even the rules and regulations are same, there are differences between institutions. While rules and regulations are constituted, taking common decisions by negotiating on practice principles should reduce the differences between institutions and provide faster decision makings. Institutions should arrange routine meetings and discuss about the cases and present assessments interactively.Keywords: Working Power Loss, Inter-Instutional Comparison, Forensic medicine.
İşkence Tanısında Kemik Sintigrafisinin Yeri
Authors: Ünüvar Ümit , Dokudan Erenç Yasemin , Yılmaz Deniz , Kutlu Levent , Özkalıpçı Önder , Fincancı Şebnem Korur
Published: March 2016

Although international human rights and humanitarian law consistently prohibit torture under any circumstance, torture that is a human crime is practiced all over the world. Torture is one of the most common forms of human rights abuse in countries with a history of military coups such as Turkey. Thousands of people were affected and the whole community from generation to generation has been deeply traumatized. Documentation of medical evidence is a very important step in the prevention of torture. Istanbul Protocol gives international standards for documentation of torture.The challenges to prove of medical evidence of torture in people who were suffered from torture many years ago, and/ or when the radiological methods failed to detect any occult injuries; some advanced methods such as bone scintigraphy were tested for diagnostic method. In this study, Human Rights Foundation of Turkeys applicants’ data were evaluated. The aim is to show to value of bone scintigraphy as a diagnostic method of torture and the results were discussed with literature.From 1991 to 2012, among of 13477 applicants of to HRFT’s Treatment and Rehabilitation Centers, totally 415 patients’ files that included bone scintigraphy scans were enclosed in this study. The patients files were evaluated retrospectively; and sex, age, socioeconomically status, torture methods, time since torture, duration of exposure to torture, physical and scintigraphy findings were documented. All of the patients reported repetitive and severe beatings and various forms of torture methods. 65 were female (15.7%), 350 were male (84.3%), mean age was 30.98 ±9.67 (range 11-72 year). 232 cases (56% of 415 cases) were scintigraphy positive and these results were consisted with the literature, and the detectable bone lesion on scintigraphy increased significantly with the duration of exposure to torture (7 days and more).Bone scintigraphy should be considered as a valuable non- invasive diagnostic method to evaluate and document traumatized patients with no detectable marks upon physical examination.Key words: Torture; Bone Scintigraphy; Documentation of Torture; Diagnostic Method; Istanbul Protocol.
Death due to Aortobronchial Fistula Related Massive Hemoptysis a Case Report
Authors: Özsoy Sait , Alkan Hanife Alkurt , Pehlivan Sultan , Gökmen Asude , Akçan Ramazan , Alkan Metin
Published: March 2016

Aortobronchial fistulas are relatively rare but usually fatal if not treated since they might cause massive hemoptysis. Here we present a case of death of a 17-year-old male due to massive hemoptysis secondary to aortobronchial fistula. The deceased was firstly admitted to an emergency department with dyspnea, tachypnea, tachycardia, resistant metabolic acidosis, confusion, and somnolence. He was diagnosed with “diabetic ketoacidosis” following examinations; however, detailed radiological and clinical investigations revealed community-acquired infection findings and medical treatment was started accordingly. He was discharged after 15 days of hospitalization; however, he died unexpectedly 12 days after discharge.At autopsy a 4-cm aortobronchial fistula was found between the thoracic aortic wall and the left main bronchus. Histopathological examination of fistula showed diffuse and intense necro-inflammatory reaction and inflammatory response with polymorphonuclear leukocytes and necrosis. Death was attributed to massive hemoptysis and blood aspiration due to aortobronchial fistula.A feedback system, towards healthcare centers, based on autopsy findings and exact cause and mechanisms of death will contribute improvement of diagnosis and treatment approach.Keywords: Aortopulmonary fistula; Respiratory Tract Fistula; Bronchial Fistula; Vascular Fistula; Hemoptysis; Cannabinoids; Autopsy.
APRESENTAÇÃO
Authors: Sanches Sampaio Carmen , Ribeiro Tiago , De Souza Rafael
Published: March 2016

Apresentação
NARRATIVAS DA EXPERIÊNCIA NA PESQUISA-FORMAÇÃO: DO SUJEITO EPISTÊMICO AO SUJEITO BIOGRÁFICO
Authors: Da Conceição Passeggi Maria
Published: March 2016

Tematizamos as narrativas da experiência como dispositivos de pesquisa-formação. Iniciaremos pela noção de sujeito epistêmico e sujeito empírico como concepções propícias ao exercício de biografização. A experiência constitui o conceito central da pesquisa-formação com o uso de narrativas. Abordaremos as noções de capital biográfico, aprendizagem biográfica, memória biográfica como modo de conceber o sujeito biográfico. Tais noções nos ajudam a compreender que a formação ocorre ao longo da vida e em todas as circunstâncias da vida. Utilizamos nas análises memoriais autobiográficos e entrevistas narrativas. As conclusões planteiam uma epistemologia do sujeito biográfico que enlaça nas narrativas da experiência razão e emoção, o público e o privado, o padecer e o empoderamento.

Palavras-chave: Narrativas autobiográficas. Experiência. Sujeito biográfico. Reflexividade.
RITOS DE PASSAGEM DE ESTUDANTES DE CLASSES MULTISSERIADAS RURAIS NAS ESCOLAS DA CIDADE
Authors: De Souza Elizeu Clementino , Rodrigues Orrico Nanci , SouzaSantos Fábio Josué , Teixeira de Pinho Ana Sueli
Published: March 2016

O texto objetiva discutir ritos de passagem de estudantes concluintes do 5º ano do Ensino Fundamental, em classes multisseriadas em escolas rurais para as escolas da cidade, onde são obrigados a se matricular a fim de dar continuidade aos seus estudos. A partir desta problemática, ou seja, a negação do acesso à educação pública de qualidade, expressa por meio da baixa frequência ou até mesmo inexistência de escolas dos Anos Finais do Ensino Fundamental nas localidades rurais onde esses estudantes residem, é possível inferir a adoção de uma lógica de abandono, precarização e negação da escolarização para todos, por parte dos sistemas públicos de ensino. Busca-se, assim, compreender a inserção desses estudantes nas escolas da cidade, no sentido de apreender o modo como vivenciam essa transição e se reconhecem como sujeitos desse processo educativo. Para entender a dinâmica referida, teoricamente o texto ancora-se nos conceitos de diferença, diversidade, ritos de passagem e multisseriação, além de investigar tensões relacionadas às configurações do espaço rural brasileiro contemporâneo, às políticas públicas para a Educação rural/do campo e à política nacional de transporte escolar. Do ponto de vista metodológico, adotamos princípios da pesquisa (auto)biográfica, com ênfase na realização de diferentes dispositivos de escritas, de entrevistas narrativas e também de análise documental, tendo em vista socializar algumas intervenções e práticas de acompanhamentos desenvolvidos em escolas que acolhem os estudantes das áreas rurais, como férteis para a construção de outras formas de inclusão dos egressos das classes multisseriadas nas escolas da cidade.

Palavras-chave: Educação rural. Multisseriação. Ritos de passagem. Inclusão escolar.
Asking questions: rabbis and philosophers in medieval Provence
Authors: Roth Pinchas
Published: March 2016

Posing a Halakhic query to a rabbi is often taken for granted, as the backdrop to a legal process that begins with the rabbi composing his responsum. At times, however, the question itself is the product of a calculated decision on the part of a layperson to become involved in the Halakhic process. Focusing on responsa from medieval Provence, this article claims that the tensions that existed within the Jewish community between rabbis and philosophers were sometimes played out by asking Halakhic questions. Sensitivity to rhetorical dimensions in both the question and the answer, and to the cultural and social contexts in which the responsum was created, reveals a hidden polemic about Jewish law and power.
A dispute for heaven’s sake
Authors: Jacobi Leor
Published: March 2016

Maḥloqet l’šem šamayim
is the topic of
m’Abot
5:17. Medieval interpreters understood
maḥloqet
as a ‘dispute’. Modern scholars, following Biblical Hebrew, have proposed ‘group’ as the original definition, with support from one of the oldest commentaries to
m’Abot
. Others opposed this interpretation as irreconcilable with the Mishnah’s examples and proposed alternate intermediate interpretations. A diachronic analysis of manuscript textual witnesses and of parallels in
m’Abot
4:11 and
‘Abot R. Nat.
suggests that ‘group’ was the definition in an abbreviated early Mishnah, which split following the linguistic development of the term
maḥloqet
. That kernel was supplemented with examples in order to clarify the new meaning, ‘dispute’, as was the parallel to
m’Abot
4:11 in
‘Abot R. Nat
B 46, which preserves the older meaning by substituting the term
k’nesiya
. An appendix describes the colourful history of an original later interpretation deliberately misattributed to R. Jonah of Girona by the printer.
Abraham b. Ezra’s ‘spirantized peh in the Arabic language’: the rules of grammar versus the requirements of exegesis and polemic
Authors: Goldstein Miriam , Kislev Itamar
Published: March 2016

Abraham b. Ezra’s use of the phrase ‘spirantized
peh
[
peh rafah
] in the Arabic language’ paralleling the function of the Biblical Hebrew
vav
with that of the Arabic
fā’
has long been viewed as perplexing: often the proposed syntactic function does not accord with the usage of the classical Arabic conjunction
fa-
. Ibn Ezra had Judeo-Arabic usage in mind, where
fā’
takes on numerous functions beyond the strict boundaries of classical Arabic – and his keen discovery has only recently been independently ‘rediscovered’ in modern scholarship. In instances where Judeo-Arabic usage cannot provide a basis for Ibn Ezra’s assertion, we argue that the exegete’s polemical motives regarding specific instances of the biblical
vav
led him to expand the use of the Arabic particle even beyond what was permissible in Judeo-Arabic, making manipulative use of his own superiority in Arabic and his readers’, Jews in Christian Europe, ignorance of it.
Gaystike erd
by Avrom Sutzkever: between personal mythology and national ideology
Authors: Drucker Bar-Am Gali
Published: March 2016

The epic poem
Gaystike erd
(Spiritual Soil) is among Avraham Sutzkever’s most ambitious works: an attempt to establish a new national identity for Yiddish-speaking Jews in post-Holocaust Israel. I offer here the first comprehensive reading of this interesting work in its cultural and historical contexts. One of the most interesting features of this work, I argue, is its uneven poetic tone, which culminates in a sudden change of its aim and content occurring in the epilogue: over the course of writing the poem, I suggest, its author, a master of lyrical intimate expression, had turned from a sophisticated challenger of mainstream Zionist imagery into a national grandiose poet and prophet.
White Matter Injury in Premature Newborns
Authors: Gano Dawn
Published: March 2016

Abstract

Preterm newborns are highly susceptible to brain injury. White matter injury is among the dominant patterns of brain injury in preterm newborns. The purpose of this review is to discuss the pathogenesis, diagnosis, management, and prevention of white matter injury in premature newborns. The long-term outcome of white matter injury in children born prematurely is also addressed.
UN ENFOQUE ESTRATÉGICO PARA LA GESTIÓN DEL CONOCIMIENTO EN LA UNIVERSIDAD. LA EXPERIENCIA DE LA UNIVERSIDAD PERUANA DE CIENCIAS APLICADAS (UPC)
Authors: Morgan Rozas Milagros , Sulmont Haak Lea
Published: March 2016

sociedad de la información a la sociedad del conocimiento. Para afrontar esta tarea, la Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC) considera necesario gestionar y valorar los contenidos académicos producidos por sus docentes e investigadores, ya que reconoce que el compartir dichos contenidos es un mecanismo importante para la creación y difusión del conocimiento. La implementación de DELFOS (2005), el Gestor de Contenidos Digitales de la UPC, refleja un esfuerzo por mejorar la gestión del conocimiento mediante la integración de tecnologías. Del mismo modo, dicha implementación resulta importante en la medida en que testimonia un cambio cultural en la organización, en la que docentes y alumnos están aprendiendo a crear y a compartir el conocimiento. El presente trabajo, por tanto, plantea un análisis de la experiencia de gestión del conocimiento de la UPC desde tres frentes: organizacional, tecnológico y pedagógico.
TÉCNICAS DE APRENDIZAJE COOPERATIVO PARA LA ENSEÑANZA DE LA FÍSICA EN INGENIERÍA INDUSTRIAL
Authors: Ricardo Rizzo José
Published: March 2016

Se presentan los resultados de la experiencia docente aplicada en la asignatura ‘Mecánica’, dictada en el primer curso de Ingeniería Industrial, en la Universidad Europea de Madrid. La actividad fue altamente competencial, y se ha desarrollado en paralelo con metodologías más tradicionales, suponiendo el 30% de la nota final. Los alumnos formaron grupo libremente, eligieron aspectos de Ingeniería relacionados con la asignatura, y desarrollaron el tema a lo largo de todo el cuatrimestre. Finalmente expusieron los trabajos, seguidos de sesiones de preguntas. Las reuniones de seguimiento, realizadas de manera individual, se han constituido como un elemento vital de la experiencia. Otro aspecto clave ha sido el proceso de evaluación, en el que se ha valorado cuantitativamente un número considerable de aspectos, a través de una media ponderada. En comparación con el año anterior, no ha variado significativamente el número de alumnos aprobados, pero se ha reducido sustancialmente el número de abandonos. Las encuestas de satisfacción han sido altamente valoradas, especialmente en cuanto al trabajo en grupo, la transparencia en la evaluación y la libertad en el desarrollo de los temas escogidos. Sin embargo, los alumnos han manifestado algunas dificultades, principalmente en aspectos relacionados a la planificación del tiempo y al número de miembros de los grupos. Los primeros resultados del análisis conjunto entre las encuestas y la calificación detallada, muestran una coincidencia entre la percepción de aprendizaje del alumno y su calificación, mientras que no parece haber correlación con cuestiones emocionales.
LA AUTORREGULACIÓN DE LA EMOCIÓN Y EL RENDIMIENTO ACADÉMICO EN EL AULA: EL ROL DEL DOCENTE
Authors: Gargurevich Rafael
Published: March 2016

Para reconocer si ha sido efectivo, deben explorarse diversas variables relacionadas al proceso de aprendizaje, así como al proceso de demostración de lo aprendido (rendimiento académico).Las experiencias emocionales son una variable relacionada con estos dos eventos. Las emociones son procesos psicológicos que intervienen tanto en el proceso de aprendizaje, como en el rendimiento académico, ya sea favoreciéndolos o menoscabándolos (Shunk, Pintrich y Meece, 2008; Gumora y Arsenio, 2002).En este artículo se discute la naturaleza de la experiencia emocional, así como las consecuencias de la autoregulación de la emoción en el proceso de aprendizaje y en el rendimiento académico. Se reflexiona, además, sobre cómo los profesores pueden ayudar a los estudiantes en el logro de un comportamiento emocional autorregulado (Shunk, Pintrich y Meece, 2008). En la misma línea, se estudia cómo las emociones pueden favorecer o interferir en los procesos cognitivos asociados al aprendizaje y al rendimiento académico. Finalmente, se comentan los resultados de diversas investigaciones relacionadas al tema del rendimiento en el aula y su relación con la autoregulación de la emoción (Benbenutti, McKeachie y Lin, 2002, Graziano, Reavis, Keane y Kalkins, 2007; Hamre, & Pianta, 2001;Vuorela, & Nummenmaa, 2004).
LA FORMACIÓN UNIVERSITARIA EN INVESTIGACIÓN APLICADA Y EL CONTEXTO DE LA COMPLEJIDAD: UNA PERSPECTIVA ESTRATÉGICA PARA LA INNOVACIÓN EN INGENIERÍA
Authors: Astorne Renzo , Lepage César
Published: March 2016

¿Cómo afrontar la educación universitaria para la formación en investigación aplicada en un “cambio de época” donde el conocimiento se ha vuelto el activo substancial a la generación de valor en los bienes y servicios de las organizaciones? ¿Qué estrategia implementar cuando su eficacia se tiende a medir a través de mecanismos externos a las áreas de investigación de la universidad? Dos interrogantes que permiten, por un lado recorrer la forma tradicional en que la universidad reitera mecanismos triviales de formación en investigación para ingeniería, y por otro, el enfoque holístico -sistémico–cibernético- de promover esta formación para el contexto de la complejidad. Esta ponencia repasa la experiencia en áreas de ingeniería, con énfasis en la estrategia educativa encaminada a lograr una visión sobre el conocimiento, donde la universidad encuentra una creciente dificultad para establecer la dirección de sus áreas de investigación aplicada en ingeniería y los procesos de formación asociados; vale decir, para establecer la estrategia.
DESERCIÓN UNIVERSITARIA EN ESTUDIANTES DE UNA UNIVERSIDAD PRIVADA DE IQUITOS
Authors: Mori Sánchez Maria del Pilar
Published: March 2016

El problema de deserción universitaria es complejo e incluye diversas causas. En este artículo se busca describir las razones que explican el fenómeno de la deserción universitaria en una universidad privada de la ciudad de Iquitos. La muestra estuvo conformada por 88 jóvenes que abandonaron los estudios en aquella universidad; sus edades  fluctuaron entre los 18 y 25 años de edad; de ellos,  el 42% fueron  mujeres y el 58% fueron varones. En el presente trabajo, se analizan los datos obtenidos de los grupos focales, de las entrevistas y de la sistematización de  la documentación existente. Los resultados  muestran que las características institucionales serían el primer factor de deserción, seguido de los intereses vocacionales, los académicos y, finalmente, los económicos.
Reseña
Authors: Ortíz Elías José Agustin
Published: March 2016

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ANÁLISIS PSICOMÉTRICO DE LA ESCALA DE CANSANCIO EMOCIONAL EN ESTUDIANTES DE UNA UNIVERSIDAD PRIVADA
Authors: Dominguez Lara Sergio Alexis
Published: March 2016

El objetivo del estudio instrumental fue analizar las propiedades psicométricas de la Escala de Cansancio Emocional (ECE) en una muestra de 233 estudiantes de Psicología de una universidad privada con edades comprendidas entre 16 y 44 años (M=20.9). El análisis factorial realizado revela que la ECE presenta una estructura unidimensional (factor que explica 43.361% de la varianza) y se encontró una correlación positiva y significativa con Ansiedad y Depresión, y correlación negativa y significativa con Autoeficacia Académica. Por otro lado, con relación a la confiabilidad, el coeficiente alfa ordinal es adecuado (.853). Se concluye que la ECE cuenta con propiedades psicométricas adecuadas para seguir con estudios de validación, apoyando así su uso como instrumento de evaluación del cansancio emocional.
MODELO ESTRUCTURAL DE LAS COMPETENCIAS PROFESIONALES DEL CATEDRÁTICO PARA MEJORAR LA CALIDAD DE SERVICIOS
Authors: Limaymanta-Álvarez Cesar H.
Published: March 2016

Este estudio investiga el modelo de las competencias profesionales del catedrático a través de sus cuatro dimensiones (aptitud, empatía, sapiencia y seguridad) adaptado al contexto peruano, específicamente a la ciudad de Lima, haciendo uso del análisis factorial confirmatorio de segundo orden, como un caso particular de un modelo de estructuras de covarianza (SEM). El modelo fue usado para probar la hipótesis de investigación de este estudio que se realizó en una universidad pública de Lima, en la Facultad de Ciencias Administrativas, con una muestra de 195 participantes seleccionados en forma aleatoria. Los resultados apoyan la idea de que las competencias profesionales del catedrático tienen una relación directa con su aptitud, empatía, sapiencia y seguridad con coeficientes de 0,86; 0,86; 0,84 y 0,78 respectivamente; con una significación del 1%. Además, el modelo propuesto en la presente investigación cumple con las propiedades psicométricas, es decir posee consistencia interna de 0,79 y cumple con la evidencia de la validez de constructo con un índice GFI de 0,93 y RMSEA de 0,054; que son los índices adecuados. Por tanto, este estudio proporciona un modelo para los catedráticos que buscan mejorar día a día en su desenvolvimiento como tales.
Povezanost teorije uma s socialnimi odnosi in otrokovo socialno kompetentnostjo
Authors: Skubic Nuša
Published: March 2016

Prispevek predstavlja pregled in evalvacijo ugotovitev raziskovalcev s področja teorije uma v povezavi s socialnimi odnosi in na drugi strani v povezavi z otrokovo socialno kompetentnostjo, ki je odraz njegove teorije uma. Prikazuje, kateri so tisti dejavniki, ki največ prispevajo k individualnim razlikam v razvitosti teorije uma med otroki in poudarja dvosmernost učinkov med otrokovim socialnim razumevanjem in socialnimi odnosi z drugimi. Pozitivni dejavniki za razvoj otrokove teorije uma so v prvi vrsti otrokove zgodnje kakovostne izkušnje o mentalnih stanjih, ki dobro napovedujejo njegov poznejši dosežek pri preizkusu razumevanja napačnih prepričanj. Od družinskih dejavnikov so za razvoj otrokove teorije uma pomembni predvsem socialno-ekonomski položaj družine, vedenje in govor staršev (npr. ustrezna raba izrazov za opisovanje mentalnih stanj in ustrezni načini discipliniranja otroka) in prisotnost ustrezno starega (ponavadi starejšega) sorojenca, s katerim ima otrok kakovosten odnos, medtem ko raziskovalci izmed dejavnikov, ki niso vezani na družinsko okolje, najbolj poudarjajo pomen vrstnikov za otrokovo teorijo uma. Skladno s temi dejavniki se pri otroku bolj ali manj uspešno razvija njegovo socialno razumevanje, ki igra pomembno vlogo v njegovem vsakdanjem življenju. Tako otroci z dobro razvito teorijo uma to lahko uporabljajo na prosocialen način, lahko pa ta služi tudi proaktivni oziroma posredni obliki agresivnosti, ko otroci svoje razumevanje drugih uporabljajo za različne oblike manipulacij oz. nasilništva, posebej v vrstniški skupini. Nizko razvita teorija uma je dejavnik tveganja predvsem v primeru neugodnih družinskih razmer, medtem ko ima dobro razvita teorija uma v takih razmerah za otrokov razvoj lahko zaščitno vlogo. Prispevek opozarja na nekatere metodološke in strukturne pomanjkljivosti pregledanih študij ter predlaga usmeritve za možnosti celovitejšega raziskovanja otrokove teorije uma v prihodnje.
Spremljanje čustvenih izrazov v terapevtskem procesu: priredba kodirnega sistema SPAFF (Specific Affect Coding System)
Authors: Erzar Tomaž , Rožič Tatjana , Kompan Erzar Katarina , Čampa Boštjan , Mirt Čampa Vesna
Published: March 2016

V članku predstavljamo za spremljanje terapevtskega procesa prirejeni sistem za kodiranje čustvenih izrazov, povzet po sistemu Specific Affect Coding System (SPAFF, Gottman in Coan, 2007). Predstavljena je kratka zgodovina in problemi kodiranja čustvenih izrazov, kode sistema, postopek kodiranja, usposabljanje ocenjevalcev ter pravila dobrega kodiranja. Prav tako so predstavljene izkušnje kodiranja z novim sistemom, razlogi za priredbe kod v kontekstu ocenjevanja terapevtskih procesov in predlogi za nadaljnje izboljšave.
Vloga osebnostnih lastnosti in vključenosti v različne vloge pri ravnotežju med delom in družino
Authors: Rantanen Johanna , Kinnunen Ulla , Pulkkinen Lea
Published: March 2016

Prek vzorca udeležencev (n = 213) iz vzdolžne študije Jyväskylä Longitudinal Study of Personality and Social Development (JYLS) smo proučevali povezave med osebnostjo, vključenostjo v različne vloge in štiri-dimenzionalno tipologijo ravnotežja med delom in družino. Tipologija je bila zasnovna na osnovi izkušenj konflikta in obogatitve med delom in družino. Štirje tipi (tj. ugodno ravnotežje, škodljivo ravnotežje, aktivno ravnotežje in pasivno ravnotežje) so se razlikovali tako v osebnostih lastnostih kot v vključenosti v različne vloge. Za osebe z ugodnim ravnotežjem (nizek konflikt, visoka obogatitev; 48,4 %) je bila značilna višja čustvena stabilnost, višja sprejemljivost in višja vestnost. Ravno obrano je bilo mogoče opaziti pri osebah s škodljivim ravnotežjem (visok konflikt, nizka obogatitev; 8,9 %), za katerega pa je bila dodatno značilna nižja vključenost v družinsko življenje. Visoka ekstravertnost in visoka vključenost v delovno vlogo ter v družinsko življenje so bile značilne za osebe z aktivnim ravnotežjem (visok konflikt, visoka obogatitev; 16,4 %). Po drugi strani pa so bile nižja ekstravertnost in odprtost za izkušnje ter hkrati nižja vključenost v delo značilne za pasivno ravnotežje (nizek konflikt, nizka obogatitev; 26,3 %). Na podlagi rezultatov lahko zaključimo, da ravnotežje med delom in družino ni enodimenzionalni konstrukt, temveč se kaže prek različnih tipov ravnotežja, za katere so značilne pomembne razlike v osebnostnih lastnostih in vključenosti v različne življenjske vloge.
Medosebni stik med učiteljem in študenti: nova opredelitev za visokošolski prostor
Authors: Bardorfer Ana
Published: March 2016

Med posameznimi disciplinami, pa tudi znotraj njih je medosebni stik opredeljen precej različno, kar velja tudi za področje visokošolskega izobraževanja. Učinkovito poučevanje je velik izziv in zahteva visoko pedagoško usposobljenost visokošolskih učiteljev. Učitelj naj bi bil, poleg obvladovanja različnih didaktičnih in pedagoških pristopov, zmožen ustvariti za učenje ugodno okolje in med drugim vzpostaviti stik s svojimi študenti. V tem kontekstu se pojavljajo številne nenatančne, slovarske in zato laične definicije, ki ne ponujajo možnosti jasne operacionalizacije ter razvoja kakovostnega merskega pripomočka. V prispevku smo predlagali novo opredelitev medosebnega stika med visokošolskimi učitelji in študenti, oblikovano na podlagi edinega obstoječega modela medosebnega stika ter na podlagi relevantnih dognanj. Medosebni stik smo opredelili kot interakcijski pojav med učiteljem in študentom oz. študenti. Poudarek je na subjektivnem doživljanju medosebnega stika, kljub temu da ga je moč oceniti tudi prek različnih besednih in nebesednih znakov. Izkušenjski vidik se izraža prek občutkov in misli oseb v interakciji. Ker je učitelj vodja procesa, nosi tudi odgovornost za vzpostavitev medosebnega stika s študenti. V novi opredelitvi smo uporabili enake strukturne komponente, kot avtorja edinega obstoječega modela medosebnega stika (Tickle-Degnen in Rosenthal, 1990), vendar smo jih priredili za visokošolsko izobraževanje in jih podrobno opisali. To so pozitivnost, vzajemna pozornost in koordinacija. Če pogledamo obstoječa pojmovanja medosebnega stika v visokošolskem prostoru z vidika omenjenega modela, vidimo, da se vsi elementi navezujejo bodisi na komponento pozitivnosti bodisi na komponento vzajemne pozornosti, medtem ko je komponenta koordinacije skoraj povsem odsotna. Po našem mnenju ravno ta loči medosebni stik od kakovostnega medosebnega odnosa - koordinacija v interakciji in koordinacija v procesu učenja. Nova opredelitev medosebnega stika predstavlja pomemben korak k poučevanju, usmerjenem na študenta, ki je že dalj časa teoretično izhodišče v šolstvu nasploh. Na koncu smo predstavili vprašanja, ki še ostajajo odprta, in začrtali smernice za nadaljnje raziskovanje.
IPOO-model ustvarjalnega učenja in značilnosti procesiranja informacij pri učencih
Authors: Mező Katalin , Mező Ferenc
Published: March 2016

Namen raziskave je bil preveriti, kako učenci v srednji šoli procesirajo informacije med učenjem in kakšen je odnos med značilnostmi procesiranja in njihovo učno uspešnostjo, notranjo motivacijo in kognitivnimi sposobnostmi, kot sta inteligentnost in ustvarjalnost. Čeprav so bile na tem področju v preteklosti že opravljene raziskave, se pričujoča študija te problematike loteva z vidika IPOO-modela, ki predstavlja nov teoretski pristop k šolskemu učenju (IPOO je akronim za Input (vnos), Process (proces), Output (izdelek), Organizing (organizacija)). V raziskavi je sodelovalo 815 dijakov, ki so izpolnili naslednje teste oziroma vprašalnike: Ravenove zahtevne matrice (APM), Test ustvarjalnosti "Nenavadne uporabe" (UUT), Jupiterbolha-próba test - druga verzija (JB2) za testiranje učne metode procesiranja informacij in Vprašalnik učnih stališč (LAQ). V raziskavo smo kot spremenljivke vključili tudi spol, razred in povprečno učno uspešnost sodelujočih učencev. Rezultati so pokazali nizek nivo kakovosti učne metode procesiranja informacij in nepovezanost med testnimi rezultati ter rezultati na vprašalnikih (razen v primeru fluentnosti, originalnosti in fleksibilnosti). Razlike med spoloma in razredi se niso izkazale kot statistično značilne. Ugotovitve so skladne z ugotovitvami predhodnih študij.
Efecto del Calculo dentario en la morfologia de fibroblastos
Authors: Esmeralda Aurora , Martinez Traverso , Gonzales Silveiro Karina , Rossa Carlos
Published: March 2016

El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar mediante microscopia electrónica de barrido (SEM), el efecto del calculo dentario sobre la morfologia de los fibroblastos.
Reproducibilidad de las mediciones cefalométricas de tres métodos de análisis cefalométrico: manual, digitalización en tableta y digitalización en pantalla
Authors: Tafur Michael , Williams Freddie , Meneses López Abraham
Published: March 2016

Se evaluó y comparo la reproducibilidad de tres métodos de análisis cefalométrico: manual, digitalización en tableta con software JOE 32 y digitalización de imágenes en pantalla con el software Compuceph 3.0. En ocho radiografías cefalométricas laterales se identificaron 23 puntos anatómicos de las cuales se obtuvieron 18 mediciones cefalométricas utilizando el método manual para someterlos a análisis por los tres  métodos. La reproducibilidad interexaminador de las mediciones obtenidas en cada una de las tres sesiones fue determinada utilizando la desviación media y estándar con respecto al promedio de las mediciones entre los examinadores. Las comparaciones entre los métodos fueron obtenidas utilizando ANOVA. La reproducibilidad intraexaminador de 6 examinadores  en 3 sesiones fueron obtenidas mediante el coeficiente de concordancia “W” de Kendall. Se encontró diferencia significativa en la reproducibilidad de los métodos sólo en una de las 18 mediciones: IN-B con el método digitalización en tableta. La medición ELI presentó la más alta reproducibilidad con los tres métodos estudiados. La medición de ANL presentó la más baja reproducibilidad. No se encontró que un método  fuera mejor que otro. Los tres métodos utilizados son comparables excepto para la medición de IN-B con el método  de digitalización en tableta.
Análisis de los factores articulares para el diagnóstico de los desórdenes temporomandibulares en adultos jóvenes
Authors: Ohashi Elizabeth , Paredes Daniel A. , Balarezo Razzeto Jose Antonio
Published: March 2016

Numerosos signos y síntomas han sido descritos para el diagnóstico de los desórdenes tempomandibulares (DTM). Este estudio analiza los factores articulares relacionados al  diagnóstico de los DTM en adultos jóvenes. Ochenta y cinco sujetos entre los 15 y 20 años de edad fueron examinados utilizando el índice craneomandibular de Fricton. Se analizaron los siguientes componentes: movimiento mandibular, ruido articular y palpación articular. Utilizando el análisis de correlación de Pearson y análisis factorial se encontraron factores principales: factor 1 compuesto por limitación al movimiento, dolor a la laterotrusión y dolor a la palpación de la capsula articular superior, posterior y lateral. Factor 2: desviación lateral, rigidez mandibular, chasquido bilateral reproducible en apertura o cierre y crepitación bilateral fina. Factor 3: chasquido bilateral recíproco y chasquido bilateral reproducible en lateralidad. Factor 4: crepitación bilateral gruesa. El presente estudio recomienda la utilización de estos cuatro factores para el diagnóstico y evaluación de los desórdenes articulares.