bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In silico Molecular Docking Analysis Reveals Successful Protein Ligand Interaction between Druggable Bioactives from Ginger and RNA Dependent RNA Polymerase (EC 2.7.7.48) of SARS-CoV-2 Delta Variant
Authors: Debnath Tania , Ghosh Upal Das
Published: November 2024

India is well known for its resources of medicinal plants and their application in different diseases. Though costly, herbal drugs may be used in addition with synthetic drugs to increase the effectivity of the therapy. In 21st century the world had experienced the pandemic of SARS-CoV-2. The battle is still on against this deadly virus as more variants are yet to come. Though we have developed some immunity, still researches are going on to combat the viruses with newer combinations of drugs with less side effects. Moreover, targeting a conserved essential protein of the virus with a drug is more acceptable to the community of medical practitioners, as it will minimize the range of drugs to be administered against SARS-CoV-2. In this study, we have selected the delta variant of the virus due to its most detrimental record on human health. We have tried to establish the structural similarity of RNA dependent RNA polymerase of SARS-CoV-2 delta variant with the wild type one and then established the in silico interaction of bioactives from ginger on the ligand binding pockets of concerned protein, as a first step to design herbal drugs against this deadly virus.
Guía para la construcción de planes comunitarios de gestión del riesgo de desastres: camino hacia la resiliencia
Authors:   Institución Universitaria Colegio Mayor de Antioquia, Arias Arias Mildred Xiomara , Úsuga Sepúlveda Maria Natalia ,   Institución Universitaria Colegio Mayor de Antioquia, Rodríguez Gaviria Edna Margarita ,   Institución Universitaria Colegio Mayor de Antioquia, Cortés Fonnegra Lila María ,   Institución Universitaria Colegio Mayor de Antioquia
Published: November 2024

Esta es una guía sencilla, con ejercicios propuestos para que una comunidad construya su Plan de Gestión del Riesgo de Desastres. Muestra el paso a paso sobre cómo los habitantes de la vereda La Clara, del municipio de Caldas (Antioquia), formularon su propio plan con el acompañamiento de estudiantes y docentes de la Institución Universitaria Colegio Mayor de Antioquia, con el propósito de impulsar una cultura comunitaria sobre la prevención del riesgo y fortalecer su resiliencia.
Independent Commissioners' Role in CEO Tenure, Capital Intensity and Firm Size Tax Avoidance
Authors: Qomaria Nabilla , Eky Pambudi Januar , Galuh Febrianto Hendra
Published: November 2024

Purpose: This research aims to understand the influence of CEO tenure, capital intensity, and company size on tax avoidance, with a focus on how these relationships are moderated by the proportion of independent commissioners in manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) from 2017 to 2022.
Methodology/approach: The study employs a purposive sampling strategy, selecting a total of 198 companies that meet the predefined criteria. The analysis relies on secondary data collected from the IDX website and utilizes panel data regression analysis on eViews 13.0 as the analytical technique.
Findings: The data reveals that company size significantly affects tax avoidance, with larger firms tending to avoid tax less. Conversely, CEO tenure and capital intensity do not appear to impact tax avoidance significantly. The proportion of independent commissioners has a moderating effect on the relationship between firm size and tax avoidance, but not on the relationships between CEO tenure, capital intensity, and tax avoidance.
Practical implications: These findings imply that corporate governance, represented by the proportion of independent commissioners, plays a crucial role in moderating the impact of company size on tax avoidance. However, its influence does not extend to the effect of CEO tenure and capital intensity on tax avoidance. This suggests that enhancing corporate governance practices could be a potent strategy for managing tax avoidance in large firms.
Originality/value: This research contributes valuable insights into the factors influencing tax avoidance. It is unique in its use of independent commissioners as a proxy for corporate governance, testing its role in moderating the relationship between independent variables and tax avoidance. This is a departure from previous studies, which typically treat independent commissioners as independent variables.
The right of local government employees to expungement of disciplinary offences processed digitally in Jordanian and Qatari legislation
Authors: Aljazi Jehad D.
Published: November 2024

This paper examines a right that has emerged due to the activities performed by users on the internet, specifically the right to digital expungement of disciplinary offences committed by Municipal Employees and the penalties imposed on them, and its relationship with public service. The issue addressed is whether the legislative provisions in Qatar and Jordan are sufficient to safeguard and preserve this right. This paper demonstrates all the legal provisions related to the right to digital expungement of disciplinary offences and applies an analytical comparative approach between the Jordanian and Qatari legislation.  In conclusion, with several findings and recommendations, this study highlights the existence of a relationship between the right to digital expungement and the statute of limitations for disciplinary offences and penalties due to the similarity in their legal effects. The study recommends reversing the recent amendment to the Civil Service Regulation No. 34 of 2024, which deleted the provisions related to the statute of limitations for disciplinary offences and the expungement of disciplinary penalties after a certain period defined by the relevant stipulations. It suggests adding these provisions to the new Human Resources Management Regulation No. (33) Of 2024.
Development of a Management System for a Focal Enterprise in the Value Chain
Authors: Starodubtsev V. S.
Published: November 2024

The purposes of this article are to substantiate the components of a focus enterprise management system of a three-link value chain, to develop sequences for their formation, as well as to create methodological prerequisites for the digitalization of this type of system.The main research methods include qualitative research methods implemented in the following sequence: terminological analysis, descriptive and faceted methods; methods of synthesis and analysis, induction and deduction.The article proposes an updated version of the term “value chain management system”, substantiates its basic components and elements, as well as the relationships between them. It develops schemes for forming a three-level value chain management system that includes a supplier, a focal enterprise, and a consumer. The article also provides prerequisites for digitalizing components and elements of this type of system and forming integrated network management systems for business.The results of the study allow us to develop the concept of a digital twin prototype not only of value chains, but also of managing chains of this type; to create methodological prerequisites for the use of artificial intelligence implemented in a digital twin unit, and with its help to develop management decisions that differ in minimal lost profits.The study originality is confirmed by the justification of the selection and use of relevant qualitative attributes of management objects and their dichotomies, which allow us to obtain 2х variants of these objects and assign them binary codes processed using computer software for management activities.
The Idea of the Integrity of Social Being in Russian Religious Philosophy
Authors: Aleksandrov V. B.
Published: November 2024

The article considers the understanding of the nature of public life as some integrity in Russian religious philosophy. It is shown that the main specificity of the way of thinking of Russian philosophers is to distinguish between the empirical reality of social life, which is the “scratching of war” of various subjects and the deep spiritual basis, historically formed and gaining mystical status in people’s minds. Attention is drawn to the fact that its content, according to the considered views of Russian thinkers, includes the spiritual foundations of the family, religious beliefs and the consciousness of the community of historical fate, which make up the meaning of cathedral life in their unity. This way of understanding the integrity of public life eliminates the orientation towards its revolutionary transformation inherent in the collectivist paradigm, since historically formed spiritual foundations oppose such aspirations and, instead of planned improvements in public integrity, can entail severe social consequences. Accordingly, rationally justified partial reforms, the orientation of which is due to the individualistic paradigm, must be consulted with those meanings that have historically developed and form the spiritual basis of social life. The category expressing the way of thinking of Russian philosophers on the integrity of public life is universalism.
Russian Language in the Field of Civil Service: Problems of Development and Using Borrowed Vocabulary
Authors: Semenova G. P.
Published: November 2024

The article is devoted to the difficulties of mastering and errors in the use of foreign words in oral and written business (office) communication in Russian. The relevance of this topic is explained by the special speech responsibility of representatives of socially significant professions who use Russian as the state language, as well problems arising in the implementation as of the provisions of the Federal Law “On the State Language of the Russian Federation” as amended on February 28, 2023. The article substantiates the thesis about the need to take into account not only the lack of Russian analogues, but also other factors when using borrowed words. Of great importance for collecting language material was the author’s many years of work experience at the Faculty of Additional Education at the North-Western Academy of Public Administration (now the North-Western Institute of Management of the Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation), in the executive authorities of Saint Petersburg and North-West Russia, in the Interregional Resource Center under the Administration of the Governor of Saint Petersburg. Theoretical methods (analysis, synthesis, historicism) made it possible to identify subjective and objective difficulties in mastering, typical errors in the use of borrowed words, as well as update ways to overcome them, which can be of practical importance for the conscious implementation of this law and improving the culture of Russian business (official) speech.
The Cooperation Between Russia and India in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation
Authors: Veselova D. N.
Published: November 2024

The article traces the evolution of relations between Russia and India, including on issues of joint implementation of Arctic projects. The areas in which interaction is already taking place between the parties in the Russian Arctic are highlighted, and trends for potential partnership between the two countries are revealed.The purpose of the work is to considerate ongoing activities within the framework of ongoing areas of joint activity between Russia and India in the Russian Arctic, as well as to define potentially mutually beneficial trends for future partnership in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation.The following methodology and methods were used: systemic and structural-analytical approaches, generalization, synthesis, comparative analysis, analysis of documents.The evolution of relations between Russia and India in the Arctic is considered. The strategic interests of India in the studying region are highlighted, including scientific, environmental, economic and geopolitical. The existing contacts between states are systematized by area. In total, 5 areas of cooperation between the countries have been identified: in the field of mining in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation; on the development of the Northern Sea Route and infrastructure along it; in the scientific, technical and social spheres, as well as within the framework of the environmental direction. New relevant directions for potential partnership of the two countries in the Russian Arctic have been formed based on the studied strategic documents of Russia and India devoted to policy in the Arctic region, concluded bilateral agreements between the governments and businesses of the two countries, as well as the national interests of Russia and India in the Arctic.Cooperation between Russia and India in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation is at the initial stage. Agreements have been concluded, but actual activities aren’t carried out. The only areas in which measures are actually being implemented are the search and development of hydrocarbon raw materials. Thus, contracts have been concluded between Russian and Indian companies for the supply of Russian oil and natural gas. Also, Indian business has shares in Russian mining companies and so it is as an investor. India’s financial assistance for the development of the Northern Sea Route and its infrastructure was only declared by the Indian side. In the scientific, technical, social and environmental spheres, Norway is India’s main partner. Although there is potential for cooperation between Russia and India in these areas and, we hope, will be realized in the near future.
The Role of Universities in the Development of “Smart Cities”: Foreign and Russian Experience
Authors: Vasilyeva E. I. , Orfonidij A. V.
Published: November 2024

The “Smart city” concept was introduced in 1994 and since then has been actively implemented in city management, including in the Russian Federation. Despite the fact that a large part of researchers reduces a smart city to the modernization of aging infrastructure through digitalization, practice shows that technology in itself is rarely a solution to urban problems; it is necessary to develop, first of all, the social aspects of management simultaneously with the introduction of appropriate technological solutions. The development of a sociocentric dimension of management of urban systems involves the involvement of various actors in the development and implementation of initiatives of public authorities, including universities. The purpose of this study is based on the study of foreign and domestic cases, to highlight the forms of interaction between universities and local governments and determine the role of universities in the formation and development of smart cities.The work used the method of analysis and synthesis, comparison and synthesis of information, the method of induction and deduction. The information base for the study was the materials of the Urban Digitalization Index “IQ of Cities”, regulations aimed at the development of smart cities in the Russian Federation, and the authors’ own research.Based on the data, the role of universities in the formation and development of smart cities in Russia and foreign countries was determined, the main forms of cooperation between universities and other actors in the process of developing smart cities were identified, recommendations were developed for the development of cooperation between universities and public authorities in the implementation of the departmental project “Smart City”.The experience of Russian and foreign cities shows the existence of a relationship between the degree of involvement of universities in the implementation of the smart city project and the results of intellectualization and digitalization of the urban economy. The critical role of universities is to promote socially oriented management, as opposed to the chaotic digitalization of individual processes of urban management and data collection, without further analysis. To expand the practice of involving universities in the development of Smart Cities, a number of recommendations are proposed.
Modern Tasks of the Union State and the Problems of Cross-border Trade between Russia and Belarus in the General Management Hierarchy
Authors: Mezhevich A. N. , Sytov I. P.
Published: November 2024

The general low efficiency of integration in the post-Soviet space has one obvious exception — the Union State. At the same time, certain problems exist in the Union State. Successfully solving common problems of foreign trade, the parties do not work effectively enough in the direction of cross-border cooperation and cross-border trade. The European experience of cross-border cooperation and trade cannot be fully applied in Russia and Belarus; however, the best practices of Europe have been successfully worked out for a very long time and can be applied within the framework of the Union State. The special status of the border between Russia and Belarus has some similarities with the formal borders of the EU. Accordingly, cross-border trade can be proposed as a means of developing adjacent areas.
International Scientific and Technical Cooperation in the Strategic Development of Russian Regions
Authors: Varenik M. S.
Published: November 2024

The purpose of the work is to identify the interdependence of the level of international scientific and technical cooperation (ISTC) of Russian regions with the level of their economic development.The research methods are correlation and regression analysis, comparative analysis, elements of the methodology of foreign member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, professor of Moscow State University V. L. Kvint.Results: For the full sample of Russian regions, there is no significant correlation between per capita GRP and the level of scientific publication activity, both in general and for publications written jointly with scientists from the USA, Germany, Great Britain and China. At the same time, the share of scientific publications in international cooperation in all of these countries, except the United States, has a slight positive relationship with the level of GRP per capita. For a sample of 76 constituent entities of the Russian Federation (which does not include a number of sparsely populated regions with a high level of contribution to the economy of the extractive industry), publication activity, as well as the relative number of joint publications with scientists from these countries, has a pronounced positive correlation with the level of the economy. The greatest contribution to this influence is made by Moscow and St. Petersburg, while a number of regions (Tomsk, Novosibirsk, Leningrad regions) also demonstrate a high level of international cooperation in science with relatively low per capita GRP levels.The results obtained indicate that a positive relationship between the level of the economy and the number of scientific publications in the regions of Russia was revealed, and the obvious benefits of growing international scientific and technical cooperation between the regions were shown. The ISTS level is secondary in relation to other indicators of scientific productivity, but it can be used to identify the dynamics of scientific development and take it into account in the strategic management of regional development. With the reduction of scientific projects jointly with the countries of the USA and Europe, China is coming to the fore, cooperation with whose scientists is promising for the development of the ISTS of Russia.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE OREL BRANCH OF THE SOCIETY FOR THE PRESERVATION OF MONUMENTS IN 1988-1991
Authors:   Central Russian Institute of Management, Branch of RANEPA, SAVOSKIN A.V. , NOVIKOV I.V. ,   Central Russian Institute of Management, Branch of RANEPA
Published: November 2024

The purpose of the article is to analyze the work of the Orel branch of All-Russian society for the preservation of historical and cultural monuments (VOOPIK) during the highest rise of the «perestroika» in 1988-1991.
The authors focus on the national experience of preserving historical heritage. The need to improve the model of state and society collaboration in preserving historical and cultural heritage determines the research relevance.
The authors use a historical-phenomenological method to identify the trends in the development of the Orel branch of VOOPIK in the Soviet period and to reveal the general nature of social processes in preserving Russia's national heritage. Historical-genetic, chronological and diachronic analysis reveal prerequisites that led to the study of the main directions of the branch development. The goal of the historical and comparative method is to compare the Orel branch activities with those of All-Russian society, and to identify the regional features of the monument preservation system at different historical stages.
Due to the historiographical analysis results, the authors show the regional particularities in heritage preservation during the highest rise of the «perestroika» in 1988-1991.
As a result, the authors conclude that the heritage preservation system reforming process, which began in the 1970s, did not lose its dynamics. Moreover, new areas were emerged. The transformation of the state and society collaboration system took place. New directions in the heritage preservation work were revealed, and the differentiation of the state bodies and public structures functions were made. The Orel branch of VOOPIC gave an example how to restructure the heritage preservation work in the region. The branch cooperated actively with the authors of historical memory initiatives, and played a significant role in the public life of the region.
The research results can fill the knowledge gap and can be applied as the future study basis to identify the prospects for the civil society institutions inclusion in the heritage preservation work at present. The findings can be used in the development of models for improving state and society collaboration to preserve historical and cultural monuments of our country.
PIONEER NEWSPAPERS IN THE 1920S: THE REGIONAL CONTEXT
Authors:   Moscow State Institute of Culture, ORLOVA L.N. , TSYGANKOVA E.A. ,   Central Russian Institute of Management, Branch of RANEPA
Published: November 2024

The purpose of the article is to study the Pioneer periodicals from 1922 - 1927 both at the national level and in Orel province. The article analyzes the congresses and plenums resolutions of the Russian Communist Party and the Russian Leninist Communist Youth League concerning the periodicals and literature expanding aimed at promoting and developing the Pioneer movement.
The study reveals such peculiarities of the first Pioneer magazines and newspapers as the publications subject and a special work with both Pioneer reporters and children reporters. The work was important for improving the publications content, their expanding and forming Pioneers’ social activity. The Pioneer reporters initiated useful work in their groups. They struggled with disadvantages and published wall-newspapers in their groups.
The authors used quantitative and qualitative analysis to examine the subject and the content of such Orel Pioneer newspapers as «Young Pioneer» and «Red Scarf» from 1922 till 1927.
The first Orel one-day newspaper «Young Pioneer» was published in 1922. It was dedicated to the International Children's Week. The newspaper covered the issues of the interaction between Russian labor scouts and Orel Pioneer groups and told about the history of the International Children's Week. "Young Pioneer" encouraged to join Vladimir Lenin All-Union Pioneer Organization.
The issue arose about Pioneer newspaper mass publishing after the Orel Pioneer squad was created on April the 1st in 1923.
«Red Scarf» was published for the first time in 1924 edited by Alexander Smirnov. Alexander Smirnov became the head of the Orel Pioneer organization. The newspaper influenced public opinion regarding the Pioneer organization, indicated the existing problems in Pioneer groups, and suggested the ways to solve them. The main tasks of «Red Scarf» were determined by ideological and political education, labor education, military-patriotic popularization, propaganda of physical education and sports, the struggle for a new way of life, etc., that the Soviet state formulated. The article analyzes the columns about the Pioneers’ life in Orel province.
«Red Scarf» held various promotions, shows and competitions. The newspaper was published from 1924–1927. The authors conclude that the newspaper became very popular as many Pioneer reporters sent their notes to it. The Pioneer reporters, even those who did not connect their lives with journalism, became responsible members of the society with active citizenship.
El negocio del arte. Una aproximación a los puertos francos de lujo europeos: el caso de Ginebra.
Authors: TEJADO MORENO Celia
Published: November 2024

Desde el siglo XX hasta nuestros días la cultura artística ha adoptado el valor de un activo financiero y la propia globalización de este sector. Sin embargo, en décadas más recientes el mercado del arte ha encontrado en los paraísos fiscales el espacio para la creación de infraestructuras que engloban poder y riqueza. Así, en el presente artículo se aborda la génesis de los puertos francos, la atmósfera fiscal, jurídica y política preferente, así como el incremento de prácticas delictivas relacionadas.
Web-based Environmental Reporting: Evidence from Listed Manufacturing Companies in Bangladesh
Authors: ISLAM MD. ZAHEDUL , DEY MOURI , JANNAT MD. ZAHIDUL ISLAM CHOWDHURY
Published: November 2024

Research aim: Businesses worldwide are attempting to exhibit accountability and efficacy
in addressing the threat of severe environmental imbalances. Understanding the underlying
issues responsible for environmental disclosures in digital media is essential to improve its
status. This research investigates the environmental performance of manufacturing firms
and evaluates the corporate governance factors that affect these disclosure practices.
Design/ Methodology/ Approach: This research applies multinomial logistic regression to
deduce the nature of the connection between environmental disclosures made public on the
web on 71 disclosure aspects or issues and corporate governance by collecting information
from the websites of 193 listed manufacturing companies.
Research finding: The findings imply that board size, CEO duality, and foreign ownership
have a major impact on web-based environmental reporting.
Theoretical contribution/Originality: This study integrates legitimacy theory and agency
theory to understand the importance of efficient corporate governance in disclosing
environmental information, thereby mitigating information asymmetry and voluntarily
meeting stakeholder expectations.
Practitioner/Policy implication: Corporate governance may develop best practices to
guarantee that the online platform of voluntary environmental reporting creates a credible
environment for exposing information to end users, resulting in a more comprehensive
evaluation of company prospects.
Research limitation: This study focuses on specific corporate governance characteristics.
Other predictors can be considered to ensure better practices, such as the number of board
meetings, educational quality of board members, stakeholder activism, political intervention,
industry-specific environmental policy, etc. Moreover, longitudinal studies could offer
further insights into the relationship between governance and environmental reporting.
Japan Fund for Prosperous and Resilient Asia and the Pacific Annual Report 2023
Authors:   Consultant, van Dissel Serge Cartier
Published: November 2024

This annual report highlights how the Japan Fund for Prosperous and Resilient Asia and the Pacific (JFPR) worked with Asian Development Bank developing member countries in 2023 to reduce vulnerabilities in the region.

In 2023, the JFPR funded projects worth $47.8 million focusing on four priority thematic areas of universal health coverage, climate change and disaster risk management, quality infrastructure investment, and public finance management, in addition to poverty reduction. JFPR activities in 2024 will focus on improving project operations, operationalizing priority thematic areas—including food security and education—and deepening stakeholder collaboration and integration.
Photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline by Fe-doped mechanically activated SrTiO3 powders in aqueous solution
Authors: Zivojinovic Jelena , Peles-Tadic Adriana , Kosanovic Darko , Dinic Ivana , Vukovic Marina , Obradovic Nina
Published: November 2024

Mechanically activated strontium titanate (SrTiO3) powders with various iron (III)oxide (Fe2O3) doping levels (1.5, 3, and 6 wt%) were prepared by solid state method. Due to the possibility of iron ion incorporation in SrTiO3 onto Sr2+ and/or Ti4+ sites a detailed analysis of the influence of dopants on the microstructure, morphology, optical properties and photocatalytic activity was conducted. The XRD analysis showed that iron was incorporated into the lattice of SrTiO3 particles. In the case of a lower concentration of dopant (1.5 wt%), there was a significant relative contribution of the substitution of Sr2+ ions by Fe3+ ions. In contrast, substituting Ti4+ ions with Fe3+ ions dominated samples with an increased concentration. Optical measurements indicated a shift of the absorption edge to higher values of wavelengths where the lowest value of the band gap (Eg=1.85 eV) was for the longest activation time (120 min) and the highest weight percentages of dopant (6 wt%). All samples have degraded tetracycline (TC) where degradation increases with longer irradiation time and dopant concentration. The highest degradation at 43 % was for 120 min activated sample with 6 wt% of Fe2O3.
A multidisciplinary collaborative care model involving family members in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus and associated diabetes distress in young and middle-aged patients
Authors: Wang Yan-Ping , Peng Lu-Yao , Yuan Xian-Ming , Chen Ting-Ting , Li Lin , Deng Kai-Qin
Published: November 2024

Background/Aim. Diabetes mellitus (DM) represents a significant and enduring
health concern and, due to various complications arising from inadequate
management, leads to disability and mortality. The aim of this study was to
examine the impact of the family-engaged multidisciplinary collaborative
care (FEC) model on the management of type 2 DM (T2DM) in young and
middle-aged patients, considering the presence of DM distress. Methods. The
study included 98 patients aged 18 to 59 diagnosed with T2DM and
experiencing DM distress. The patients were admitted to the Department of
Endocrinology of The First People?s Hospital of Jingzhou, in Hubei province,
China, between February and December 2023. Using the random number table
method, the patients were randomly assigned to either the intervention group
(IG) or control group (CG), each consisting of 49 patients. While both
groups received standard care, IG additionally received FEC. We assessed and
compared glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, Diabetes Distress Scale (DDS)
scores, Summary of Diabetes Self-care Activities (SDSCA) scores, and body
mass index (BMI) between the two groups before the intervention and three
months after. Results. Three months post-intervention, IG exhibited lower
HbA1c levels (6.02 ? 0.63 vs. 6.81 ? 0.85) and DDS scores (25.27 ? 2.70 vs.
34.24 ? 4.46) while demonstrating higher SDSCA scores (30.69 ? 1.91 vs.
25.03 ? 2.13) compared to CG. Additionally, the BMI of patients in IG
measured 23.83 ? 2.51 kg/m2, which, compared to the BMI of CG (25.64 ? 3.68
kg/m2), was statistically significant (p < 0.05). Conclusion. The FEC model
demonstrated efficacy in lowering HbA1c levels and BMI, mitigating DM
distress, and enhancing self-care capabilities among young and middle-aged
patients with T2DM experiencing DM-related distress.
Resolving Spatiotemporal Electrical Signaling Within the Islet via CMOS Microelectrode Arrays
Authors: Gresch Anne , Osthues Jana , Hüwel Jan D. , Briggs Jennifer K. , Berger Tim , Koch Ruben , Deickert Thomas , Beecks Christian , Benninger Richard K.P. , Düfer Martina
Published: November 2024

Glucose-stimulated β-cells exhibit synchronized calcium dynamics across the islet that recruit β-cells to enhance insulin secretion. Compared with calcium dynamics, the formation and cell-to-cell propagation of electrical signals within the islet are poorly characterized. To determine factors that influence the propagation of electrical activity across the islet underlying calcium oscillations and β-cell synchronization, we used high-resolution complementary metal-oxide–semiconductor multielectrode arrays (CMOS-MEA) to measure voltage changes associated with the membrane potential of individual cells within intact C57BL6 mouse islets. We measured fast (milliseconds, spikes) and slow (seconds, waves) voltage dynamics. Single spike activity and wave signal velocity were both glucose-dependent, but only spike activity was influenced by N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor activation or inhibition. A repeated glucose stimulus revealed a highly responsive subset of cells in spike activity. When islets were pretreated for 72 h with glucolipotoxic medium, the wave velocity was significantly reduced. Network analysis confirmed that in response to glucolipotoxicity the synchrony of islet cells was affected due to slower propagating electrical waves and not due to altered spike activity. In summary, this approach provided novel insight regarding the propagation of electrical activity and the disruption of cell-to-cell communication due to excessive stimulation.

Article Highlights

The high-resolution complementary metal-oxide–semiconductor multielectrode array is suited to track the spatiotemporal propagation of electrical activity through the islet on a cellular scale. A highly responsive subpopulation of islet cells was identified by action potential-like spike activity and proved to be robust to glucolipotoxicity. Electrical waves revealed synchronized electrical activity and their propagation through the islet was slowed down by glucolipotoxicity. The N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor did not influence islet synchronization since modulation of the receptor only affected electrical spikes. The technique is a useful tool for exploring the pancreatic islet network in health and disease.
Danish Students’ Interactions With PIRLS Items
Authors: Molbæk Marie-Louise , Hegaard Gabrielson Rebekka , Neubert Katja , Skov Fougt Simon
Published: November 2024

This article is based on a qualitative research project related to PIRLS (Progress in International Reading Literacy Study). We explore how 25 Danish students from two fourth-grade classes interact with PIRLS items as readers and writers. We focus on two specific constructed-response items from a literary text used in PIRLS 2016 by examining and comparing students’ written responses to these items and oral responses expressed during interviews. To some extent, students’ text interactions differ from expectations presented in the international scoring guide. Based on our analysis, which draws on reader-response theory, we find that the scoring guide largely expects students to assume an efferent or discursive approach to reading, whereas many students in this study seem to approach texts and respond to items based on a more personal literary experience. We also find that the written student responses contain less elaboration than their oral responses. In this article, we discuss both written and oral responses as indicators of reading comprehension in PIRLS and the inferences related to student performance, with a focus on aesthetic and efferent reading.
Peningkatan Kompetensi Guru Matematika dan Pemahaman Siswa SMPN 1 Baradatu dalam Penguasaan Materi Olimpiade Matematika
Authors: Ansori Muslim , Wamiliana Wamiliana , Amanto Amanto , Chasanah Siti Laelatul
Published: November 2024

Olimpiade matematika menjadi topik yang hangat dibicarakan oleh kalangan siswa maupun pendidik mulai tahun 2003. Akan tetapi, kurangnya pengetahuan guru dan siswa mengenai soal olimpiade matematika mengakibatkan minimnya prestasi yang diperoleh siswa SMP Negeri 1 Baradatu. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman serta kemampuan guru dan siswa di SMPN 1 Baradatu dalam penguasaan materi olimpiade matematika. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode ceramah, diskusi, dan simulasi. Kegiatan pembinaan berjalan dengan baik. Guru dan siswa antusias dalam memberikan pertanyaan saat diskusi. Kegiatan ini juga mampu meningkatkan kemampuan guru matematika dan siswa. Hal ini terlihat dari rata-rata peningkatan nilai post-test dibandingkan dengan nilai pretest yaitu sebesar 26,24% untuk guru dan 32,40% untuk siswa.
Strategi Pendekatan Konsep Pemrograman Dasar Komputer Dengan Game Dan Storytelling
Authors: Mair Zaid Romegar
Published: November 2024

Penguasaan terhadap teknologi informasi komputer merupakan salah satu bidang ilmu pengetahuan yang perlu diberikan pengenalan sejak dini, sebagai generasi estafet tokoh berikutnya dalam menyambut Indonesia Emas 2045. Sekolah Alam Indonesia (SAI) Palembang merupakan salah satu sekolah yang mendukung untuk terpenuhinya logika berpikir ilmiah anak secara fitrah. Untuk membangun visi misi Pendidikan keluarga dan sekolah maka kami dari tim pengabdian masyarakat memilih SAI Palembang sebagai tempat untuk dilakukan pelatihan bagi anak-anak SD, sebagai bentuk stimulus dalam menggugah keberadaan logic thinking dan terstruktur tersebut dengan bermain dan storytelling menggunakan platform open-source yaitu Scratch sebagai media pembelajarannya. Metode yang diterapkan pada kegiatan ini yaitu menggunakan metode ceramah, diskusi, dan simulasi. Dari hasil pelatihan yang dilakukan, maka antusias anak dalam membuat dua jenis projek sangat lengkap sesuai arahan dan instruksi yang diberikan.
Pengolahan Limbah Ikan Untuk Pakan Ternak di Desa Gebang, Kabupaten Pesawaran, Lampung
Authors: Pertiwi Primasari , Farisi Salman , Suratman Suratman , Busman Hendri , Rosa Emantis
Published: November 2024

Ikan merupakan salah satu sumber protein hewani yang banyak dikonsumsi oleh masyarakat Indonesia. Namun, banyak ikan yang belum terolah dengan maksimal, bahkan dibiarkan membusuk sehingga menyebabkan limbah ikan. Seperti yang terjadi di Desa Gebang, Kabupaten Pesawaran, yang mana sebagian besar mata pencaharian masyarakat desa tersebut berprofesi sebagai nelayan dan petani. Kendala yang dihadapi oleh masyarakat adalah minimnya informasi mengenai bagaimana teknik pengolahan limbah ikan menjadi pakan ternak. Tujuan dilaksanakannya kegiatan PKM ini adalah untuk mengenalkan dan meningkatkan pengetahuan masyarakat tentang pembuatan pakan ternak dari limbah ikan. Kegiatan PKM dilaksanakan meliputi 2 tahap, tahap pertama yaitu penyampaian materi secara ceramah dan diskusi, tahap kedua berupa praktek/demonstrasi pembuatan pakan ternak dari limbah ikan. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan pre-test peserta rata-rata 3,6 sedangkan post-test rata-rata adalah 6,4. Kesimpulan dari kegiatan ini adalah pengetahuan dan wawasan masyarakat di Desa Gebang Kabupaten Pesawaran meningkat, khususnya tentang metode pemanfaatan limbah ikan untuk digunakan menjadi pakan ternak.
Inovasi Pengelolaan Sampah Rumah Tangga Melalui Biopori dan Paving Block di Desa Kendit Kabupaten Situbondo
Authors: Sakinah Dok , Pramudita Andini Ike B. , Prameswari Grandys , Aisyah Siti , Pasaribu Ika Bella Aprillia , Ambaroh Nabilah Dwi ‘Ulayya , Kumalasari Dewi Shinta , Maulana Mohammad Rayhan , Amalianingtias Dwi , Argiyanti Ardelia , Risfansyah Mochamad Alfandi , Rozi Mochammad Fahrur , Sari Vega Kartika
Published: November 2024

Kebiasaan masyarakat membuang sampah sembarangan di badan sungai dan membakar sampah dapat menyebabkan pencemaran terhadap lingkungan dan masalah kesehatan. Pengolahan sampah di  Desa Kendit belum dikelola dengan baik. Upaya mengatasi masalah tersebut melalui pemilahan sampah organik dan anorganik, serta pengolahan sampah organik menjadi kompos melalui lubang biopori, sedangkan sampah plastik diolah menjadi paving block. Kegiatan inovatif KKN 112 UMD UNEJ bertujuan meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan masyarakat dalam mengelola sampah melalui lubang biopori dan paving block. Kegiatan penyuluhan, demonstrasi, pendampingan pembuatan biopori dan paving block serta pengadaan tempat sampah telah dilakukan. Hasil evaluasi 40 peserta menunjukkan ada peningkatan pengetahuan dan kemampuan membuat lubang biopori serta paving block dengan baik.
Gerakan Literasi Digital Dalam Penguatan Hard Skill dan Soft Skill Siswa di MUQ Langsa
Authors: Maisarah Maisarah , Prasetya Cyndi , Mulyani Mulyani , Lailissa’adah Lailissa’adah
Published: November 2024

Laju digitalisasi menjadikan guru dan siswa harus mempunyai literasi digital yang mumpuni. Observasi awal di MUQ Langsa ditemukan bahwa pihak sekolah telah menyediakan sarana prasarana pembelajaran berbasis digital seperti beberapa komputer di laboratorium komputer dan beberapa infocus, namun tidak tersedia sarana prasarana digital di dalam kelas. Keterbatasan sarana prasarana menjadi kendala untuk melaksanakan gerakan literasi digital di sekolah. Dengan demikian, khalayak sasaran Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat ini ditujukan pada siswa MUQ Langsa. Pada kegiatan pengabdian ini, siswa MUQ Langsa dibekali materi terkait gerakan literasi digital dan urgensi setiap pilar literasi digital dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Kegiatan ini melatih penggunaan media digital bagi siswa dengan memperhatikan literasi digital, dan menguatkan hard skill dan soft skill siswa.
Peningkatan Kemampuan Dan Keterampilan School Health Volunteers Melalui Pelatihan Pertolongan Pertama
Authors: Safuni Nani , Aklima Aklima , Ahyana Ahyana , Fitriani Naria
Published: November 2024

Berbagai permasalahan remaja khususnya masalah kesehatan tentu membutuhkan keterlibatan multidisiplin ilmu, lintas program, lintas sektor dan masyarakat. Tujuan pelatihan pertolongan pertama adalah meningkatkan pelayanan kesehatan bagi remaja di sekolah, melatih kader kesehatan sekolah (school health volunteer) yang menjadi tim dalam memberikan pertolongan atau perawatan dini bagi remaja di Dayah (pesantren) Daruzzahidin. Pelatihan ini dapat membekali para santri yang tergabung dalam volunteers memberikan pelayanan kesehatan, mengingat lokasi sekolah agak jauh dari pusat layanan kesehatan. Pelatihan berlangsung selama tiga hari meliputi keterampilan pertolongan pertama dalam penanganan cedera dan penanganan keracunan. Kegiatan pelatihan diikuti 6 orang santri putra dan 6 orang santri putri beserta pengelola dayah dengan antusias. Selain itu, school health volunteers diharapkan dapat memperkuat program UKS (Usaha Kesehatan Sekolah) karena dapat menstimulasi para siswa untuk mengembangkan kegiatan kesehatan lain di Dayah Daruzzahidin.
Peningkatan Kemampuan Manajemen Energi Skala Rumah Tangga kepada Anggota Koperasi Kuntum Bunga
Authors: Prayitno Hadi , Sugiri Agus , Lestari Rahayu
Published: November 2024

Pertumbuhan penduduk dan konsumsi listrik di Bandar Lampung yang meningkat 0,89% pada 2022 menuntut manajemen energi yang bijak di rumah tangga. Ibu rumah tangga (IRT) di Koperasi Kuntum Bunga memainkan peran penting dalam mengurangi dampak penggunaan energi fosil yang meningkatkan emisi karbon dan kerusakan lingkungan. Melalui pendampingan, 70% peserta memahami dan menerapkan audit serta manajemen energi rumah tangga. Upaya ini berkontribusi pada pencapaian SDGs Goal 5, 7, 11, 13, dan 15. Penerapan manajemen energi yang efektif mendukung penghematan energi, menurunkan emisi gas rumah kaca, serta meningkatkan ketahanan lingkungan dan kesejahteraan keluarga. Dengan demikian, manajemen energi di tingkat rumah tangga dapat memberikan dampak positif bagi keberlanjutan lingkungan dan kehidupan sosial di Kota Bandar Lampung.
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN MILK REPLACER PADA RANSUM TERHADAP KONSUMSI RANSUM, PERTAMBAHAN BOBOT TUBUH, DAN KONVERSI RANSUM PADA KAMBING CROSS BOER
Authors: Fratama Dona , Santosa Purnama Edy , Erwanto Erwanto , Qisthon Arif
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan milk replacer pada ransum terhadap konsumsi ransum, pertambahan bobot tubuh, dan konversi ransum pada kambing Cross Boer. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada Maret--April 2024, di Peternakan Kahfi Farm, Kecamatan Jati Agung, Kabupaten Lampung Selatan, Provinsi Lampung. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap RAL) yang terdiri dari 4 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan yang diberikan yaitu P0: Ransum tanpa milk replacer, P1:Ransum dengan penambahan 2,5 % milk replacer, P2: Ransum dengan penambahan 5 % milk replacer, P3: Ransum dengan penambahan 7,5 % milk replacer. Variabel yang diamati meliputi konsumsi ransum, pertambahan bobot tubuh, dan konversi ransum. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan uji Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) dan diuji lanjut menggunakan uji Beda Nyata Terkecil (BNT). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penambahan milk replacer  pada ransum berpengaruh nyata (P<0,05) terhadap pertambahan bobot tubuh dan konversi ransum, sedangkan terhadap konsumsi ransum tidak berpengaruh nyata (P>0,05). Pertambahan bobot tubuh pada masing-masing perlakuan yaitu P0 56,190; P1 104,763; P2 132,857; dan P3 135,713 g/ekor/hari, sedangkan pada konversi ransum yaitu P0: 36,215; P1: 19,114; P2: 14,593 ; dan P3: 12,888. Konsumsi ransum masing-masing perlakuan P0: 1.759,152; P1: 1.787,562; P2: 1.922,971; P3: 1.732,971 g/ekor/hari. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa P3 memberikan pengaruh terbaik pada pertambahan bobot tubuh dan konversi ransum dibandingkan dengan perlakuan P0.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN PROBIOTIK RABAL TERHADAP KONSUMSI BAHAN KERING DAN BAHAN ORGANIK, SERTA KECERNAAN BAHAN KERING DAN BAHAN ORGANIK RANSUM PADA KAMBING RAMBON
Authors: Sukma Delta Tiara , Qisthon Arif , Tabtalo Syahrio , Liman Liman
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dan dosis terbaik pemberian Rabal terhadap konsumsi bahan kering dan bahan organik, serta kecernaan bahan kering dan bahan organik ransum pada kambing Rambon. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada Desember 2023--Januari 2024 di peternakan rakyat Desa Tanjung Tirto, Kecamatan Way Bungur, Kabupaten Lampung Timur. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) 4 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan sehingga total kambing yang digunakan 16 ekor. Perlakuan yang diberikan yaitu ransum basal (P0); ransum basal + probiotik Rabal 100  kebutuhan BK ransum (P1); ransum basal + probiotik Rabal 150  kebutuhan BK ransum (P2); ransum basal + probiotik Rabal 200  kebutuhan BK ransum (P3). Peubah yang diamati konsumsi bahan kering dan bahan organik, serta kecernaan bahan kering dan bahan organik. Data dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) pada taraf 5%, jika terdapat pengaruh nyata (P<0,05) dilanjutkan dengan uji beda nyata terkecil (BNT). Hasil penelitian pada konsumsi bahan kering sebesar (P0 435,66; P1 453,45; P2 412,45; dan P3 445,30) g/ekor/hari, pada konsumsi bahan organik sebesar (P0 404,72; P1 421,48; P2 383,11; dan P3 413,70) g/ekor/hari, pada kecernaan bahan kering (P0 52,66%; P1 54,86%; P2 51,78%; dan P3 56,49%), pada kecernaan bahan organik (P0 55,28%; P1 57,45%; P2 54,29%; dan P3 61,20%). Disimpulkan bahwa pemberian probiotik Rabal tidak berpengaruh nyata (P>0,05) terhadap konsumsi bahan kering dan bahan organik, serta kecernaan bahan kering dan bahan organik. Dengan demikian, belum terdapat level pemberian probiotik Rabal terbaik.