bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Biochar Properties Influencing Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Tropical Soils Differing in Texture and Mineralogy
Authors: Butnan Somchai , Deenik Jonathan L. , Toomsan Banyong , Antal Michael J. , Vityakon Patma
Published: June 2016

The ability of biochar applications to alter greenhouse gases (GHGs) (CO2, CH4, and N2O) has been attracting research interest. However, inconsistent published results necessitate further exploration of potential influencing factors, including biochar properties, biochar rates, soil textures and mineralogy, and their interactions. Two short‐term laboratory incubations were conducted to evaluate the effects of different biochars: a biochar with low ash (2.4%) and high–volatile matter (VM) (35.8%) contents produced under low‐temperature (350°C) traditional kiln and a biochar with high ash (3.9%) and low‐VM (14.7%) contents produced with a high‐temperature (800°C) Flash Carbonization reactor and different biochar rates (0, 2, and 4% w/w) on the GHG emissions in a loamy‐sand Ultisol and a silty‐clay‐loam Oxisol. In the coarse‐textured, low‐buffer Ultisol, cumulative CO2 and CH4 emissions increased with increasing VM content of biochars; however, CO2 emission sharply decreased at 83 μg VM g−1 soil. In the fine‐textured, high‐buffer Oxisol, there were significant positive effects of VM content on cumulative CO2 emission without suppression effects. Regarding cumulative N2O emission, there were significant positive effects in the Mn‐rich Oxisol. Ash‐induced increases in soil pH had negative effects on all studied GHG emissions. Possible mechanisms include the roles biochar VM played as microbial substrates, a source of toxic compounds and complexing agents reducing the toxicity of soil aluminum and manganese, and the role of biochar ash in increasing soil pH affecting GHG emissions in these two contrasting soils.

Core Ideas

Biochar's volatile matter and ash constituents affect soil emission of CO2, CH4, and N2O.

Biochar volatile matter raised CO2 emission up to a threshold in coarse‐textured, low‐buffer soil.

Biochar volatile matter raised CO2 emission regardless of its content in fine‐textured, high‐buffer soil.

Biochar ash decreased emissions of greenhouse gases regardless of soil texture.

Al in Ultisol and Mn in Oxisol interacted with volatile matter and ash in influencing GHG emissions.
High Nitrate Concentrations in Some Midwest United States Streams in 2013 after the 2012 Drought
Authors: Van Metre Peter C. , Frey Jeffrey W. , Musgrove MaryLynn , Nakagaki Naomi , Qi Sharon , Mahler Barbara J. , Wieczorek Michael E. , Button Daniel T.
Published: June 2016

Nitrogen sources in the Mississippi River basin have been linked to degradation of stream ecology and to Gulf of Mexico hypoxia. In 2013, the USGS and the USEPA characterized water quality stressors and ecological conditions in 100 wadeable streams across the midwestern United States. Wet conditions in 2013 followed a severe drought in 2012, a weather pattern associated with elevated nitrogen concentrations and loads in streams. Nitrate concentrations during the May to August 2013 sampling period ranged from <0.04 to 41.8 mg L−1as N (mean, 5.31 mg L−1). Observed mean May to June nitrate concentrations at the 100 sites were compared with May to June concentrations predicted from a regression model developed using historical nitrate data. Observed concentrations for 17 sites, centered on Iowa and southern Minnesota, were outside the 95% confidence interval of the regression‐predicted mean, indicating that they were anomalously high. The sites with a nitrate anomaly had significantly higher May to June nitrate concentrations than sites without an anomaly (means, 19.8 and 3.6 mg L−1, respectively) and had higher antecedent precipitation indices, a measure of the departure from normal precipitation, in 2012 and 2013. Correlations between nitrate concentrations and watershed characteristics and nitrogen and oxygen isotopes of nitrate indicated that fertilizer and manure used in crop production, principally corn, were the dominant sources of nitrate. The anomalously high nitrate levels in parts of the Midwest in 2013 coincide with reported higher‐than‐normal nitrate loads in the Mississippi River.

Core Ideas

Multiyear precipitation patterns can affect nitrate loading to streams.

Anomalously high nitrate concentrations in 2013 in some streams followed the 2012 drought.

Nitrate correlated to nitrogen fertilizer applications and multiyear precipitation patterns.

High nitrate in small Midwest streams in 2013 coincides with high loading in the Mississippi River.
Acercamiento hermenéutico desde una perspectiva teológica al primer acto de la obra de teatro esperando a Godot de Samuel Beckett
Authors: Ramírez Tamayo Natacha
Published: June 2016

El presente artículo profundiza, a partir de un ejercicio hermenéutico de tipo teológico, en el simbolismo religioso del texto dramático Esperando a Godot de Samuel Beckett. Esta obra dramática es una muestra de la pregunta por el sentido de la existencia que unos responden a través de la perspectiva religiosa y otros por medio del absurdo. Para ello se analizan las categorías dramáticas presentes en la obra.
Editorial: Entre el ver y el decir que vemos
Authors: Muñoz Muñoz Nixon Ferley
Published: June 2016

Nos encontramos en una sociedad que afirma “ver”. Ella misma se llama innovadora, facultada de inteligencia, iluminada por las luces de nuevos descubrimientos, fascinada por los actuales desarrollos tecnológicos e interesada por lo particular y lo individual.
Editorial: la ciencia pierde la armonía
Authors: Cogollo Ospina Sonia Natalia
Published: June 2016

Debemos tener metas más realistas en la investigación científica, pues ésta no se tiene que ocupar necesariamente de los grandes proyectos y problemas del mundo, sino que ocupándose de lo pequeño, de algo micro, de lo fractal si se quiere, también se puede contribuir al mejoramiento de la sociedad o a la formulación de nuevas preguntas
Pólemos: una visión ético-política del fenómeno bélico en la antigua Grecia
Authors: Ortiz Escobar Milton Andres
Published: June 2016

El siguiente artículo tiene la intención de esclarecer y analizar los vínculos éticos y bélicos que modelan la tradición ética de la Grecia antigua hasta el periodo del siglo V a.C. Y a su vez, busca exponer y examinar tales contenidos éticos y bélicos que prefiguran la tradición ética de la cultura griega a la luz de la visión crítica que ofrece el teatro de Eurípides. Para ello, se abordan los siguientes problemas: La raíz bélica de la ética heroica, la transición ética de la perspectiva heroica a la cívica y, por último, la crítica ético-política del teatro de Eurípides al fundamento bélico de la ética heroica. En cuanto al marco de comprensión metodológico, los análisis de este artículo se encuentran orientados desde una perspectiva socio-histórica que permite analizar las prácticas culturales de la cultura griega en relación con sus construcciones literarias e intelectuales. Con el fin de ofrecer una visión antropológica y política de los modelos éticos y bélicos de la tradición griega.
Perseitas Vol. 3 No 1 (enero - junio 2015)
Authors: Zuluaga Mesa David Esteban
Published: June 2016

Para la Facultad de Educación y Humanidades de la Fundación Universitaria Luis Amigó es grato presentar el primer número de 2015 de la Revista Perseitas. El propósito fundamental de la revista es la divulgación de reflexiones filosóficas y teológicas resultantes de procesos investigativos en los ámbitos nacional e internacional. La relevancia de la publicación radica en la posibilidad que ofrece la revista de dar a conocer las vertientes de los discursos filosóficos y teológicos en contextos plurales, complejos, que exigen posturas no sólo en los campos científicos y tecnológicos sino también en el de las ciencias humanas.
La relación paganismo - cristianismo en la «Confessio fidei» de Pedro Abelardo
Authors: Herrera Ospina José De Jesús
Published: June 2016

Este artículo pretende realizar un acercamiento hermenéutico a la «Confessio Fidei» o Carta XVII de Pedro Abelardo, teniendo en cuenta la relación paganismo-cristianismo. El texto lo conforman los siguientes acápites: Introducción: algunos referentes conceptuales de la relación paganismo -cristianismo y su incidencia en el siglo XII.La relación paganismo-cristianismo desde la perspectiva de Hans Küng.Estudio hermenéutico de la «Confessio Fidei» donde se presenta la concepción de Abelardo sobre la relación paganismo-cristianismo.
El ídolo como fenómeno
Authors: Mejía Buitrago Diana
Published: June 2016

El giro teológico propone en principio la recuperación de la teología inmersa en la filosofía. En este contexto, la tarea emprendida en la fenomenología por Jean-Luc Marion es la reducción de la metafísica para abrirle paso de nuevo a la teología. La concepción de la filosofía de Marion parte de la idea de la muerte de Dios desarrollada por Nietzsche y Heidegger, mostrando y fundamentando parte de la concepción de la filosofía de Marion, según la cual esta representa la muerte del ídolo, y con ello, la muerte de la metafísica. El ídolo es expuesto en el giro como fenómeno saturado, que impide al hombre comprender las cosas del mundo más allá de sus representaciones. Es por ello que la fenomenología emprende el camino hacia la superación de la metafísica y propone girar el conocimiento hacia la divinidad.
Una técnica del yo cuestionada: la pregunta por la subjetividad en la psicología contemporánea
Authors: Andrade Rodríguez Ricardo
Published: June 2016

Este artículo presenta el producto preliminar de la reflexión en torno a una de las categorías emergentes en la revisión documental para avanzar en el proceso de Investigación Doctoral para aspirar al título de PhD. en la Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana de Medellín. Presenta un interrogante por el lugar de la subjetividad en el fundamento disciplinar de la psicología, tal como se la concibe contemporáneamente. Dentro de sus conclusiones se propone que esta disciplina puede pensarse alternativamente a su usual denominación de ciencia y cuestionarse en tanto Tecnología del yo, así como en la necesidad de interrogar por la noción de sujeto que está en la base de su concepto de enfermedad mental. Finalmente, se propone la pertinencia de la exploración de la obra de Michel Foucault para abordar este interrogante.
Es posible el arte sin estética una aproximación al problema de la estética en el libro ¿Qué es el arte? de Arthur Danto
Authors: Viveros Chavarría Edison Francisco
Published: June 2016

Este artículo de reflexión se ocupa de analizar la noción de estética en el arteexpuesta por Danto en el texto “¿Qué es el arte?”. La hipótesis de lectura es que elarte es posible sin estética si por estética se entiende sólo la exposición de lo belloque da placer visual. Sin embargo, el arte no se puede separar de la estética, siésta es comprendida como la manera en que las partes de una obra se muestranal mismo tiempo que la justificación para exponerlas de una forma o de otra. Seconcluye que la clave para la solución del problema referido a si es posible el artesin estética, se encuentra en la precisión filosófica, la consistencia y el sentidode pluralidad que Danto le da a la noción de significado encarnado en contraste,pero no en la incompatibilidad con la estética como exposición de lo bello que daplacer visual. La estética es indisoluble del arte sí y sólo si lo bello no es el eje centralde esta relación, sino algo que hace parte de la expresión artística. Estética no es sinónimo de belleza. Es decir, la belleza puede ser eludible para el arte. Sin embargo, la belleza no puede ser separada de la vida humana porque constituye un valor para los hombres porque es el encuentro positivo entre éstos.
Martin Heidegger y el intento por pensar la esencia de la técnica como una reorientación en el ethos
Authors: Calle Zapata Mauricio
Published: June 2016

El presente artículo intenta exponer uno de los problemas más prominentes yvigentes en la filosofía de Martin Heidegger: la esencia de la técnica. Si bien, lareflexión parte sustancialmente de aquello que el filósofo de Selva Negra consideracomo técnica moderna, el sentido de pensarla en los límites de su esencia,nos lleva directamente a proponer allí, donde se le piensa como un riesgolatente en nuestros días, la posibilidad de una reorientación desde aquello queHeidegger piensa como Ethos. Hoy por hoy, la discusión se centra entre expertosy académicos, y entre defensores y opositores del pensamiento heideggeriano,en determinar si efectivamente el filósofo alemán propuso o no, un tratado éticoo moral en su labor filosófica. Lo que también se intenta defender en la presentereflexión, es sostener que aunque Heidegger no elabora y propone una filosofíamoral como algunos de sus antecesores lo hicieron, si procuró por dar “un pasoatrás” hacia el Ethos griego tal como aparece en Sófocles y Heráclito, es decir,anterior a toda configuración de una disciplina ética platónica y aristotélica. Enconsecuencia, la propuesta de Heidegger no es ya por un Ethos tradicional entérminos del deber y la normatividad, sino por un Ethos en relación a la esenciade la técnica moderna donde el hombre more y habite en medio del ente en el todo, sin ser él el medio y el fin de la misma. Visto de este modo, el Ethos posibilitará que se reestablezca la relación originaria entre la naturaleza, el hombre, la técnica y la verdad en la esencia de la técnica moderna.
Perseitas Vol. 4 No. 1 ene - jun 2016
Authors: Zuluaga Mesa David Esteban
Published: June 2016

Para la Facultad de Educación y Humanidades de la Fundación Universitaria Luis Amigó es grato presentar el primer número de 2016 de la revista Perseitas. El propósito fundamental de la revista es la divulgación de reflexiones filosóficas y teológicas resultantes de procesos investigativos en los ámbitos nacional e internacional. La relevancia de la publicación radica en la posibilidad que ofrece la revista de dar a conocer las vertientes de los discursos filosóficos y teológicos en contextos plurales, complejos, que exigen posturas no sólo en los campos científicos y tecnológicos sino también en el de las ciencias humanas.
Presentación
Authors: Zuluaga Mesa David Esteban
Published: June 2016

La tarea investigativa es ciertamente compleja. Exige apropiarse deun “objeto”, mirarlo desde diferentes ángulos, considerar todas susdimensiones, hacerlo propio. Esto implica, sin embargo, no un acostumbramiento,sino la reinvención de lo que miramos, introducirseen cada uno de sus pliegues, curvaturas, entresijos y demás, paraposibilitar el surgimiento natural de una motivación, de un “nuevo”problema de investigación.
La otredad en el personaje Antígona de Sófocles. Aproximación a una lectura desde Emmanuel Lévinas
Authors: Viveros Chavarría Edison Francisco
Published: June 2016

Este artículo se ocupa de plantear una aproximación a la relación entre el personajeAntígona de Sófocles y la noción de otredad propuesta por EmmanuelLévinas. La tesis que se sostiene es la siguiente: es la otredad una de las experienciasque llevan a Antígona a decidir el camino de la muerte propia motivadapor la condena de su hermano muerto. Los tópicos del escrito se dividen en dos:la proximidad de Antígona con su hermano y la otredad en la decisión frente a lacondena de su hermano muerto. Se concluye este texto afirmando que Lévinasy Sófocles pueden dialogar en un sentido ético, el de la libertad, el de la elecciónpor el otro y las consecuencias que esto tiene; resaltan cada uno la importanciadel valor que tiene una insubordinación cuando la injusticia y la imposición son elarma del tirano.
Perseitas Vol. 4 No. 2 jul - dic 2016
Authors: Zuluaga Mesa David Esteban
Published: June 2016

La Revista Perseitas es una publicación de carácter académico de la Facultad de
Educación y Humanidades de la Fundación Universitaria Luis Amigó (Medellín-
Colombia), su propósito es la divulgación de conocimiento en el ámbito de las
humanidades; su periodicidad es semestral, se presenta en formato digital y
recibe contribuciones de acuerdo con el Documento Guía: Servicio Permanente
de Indexación de Revistas de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación Colombianas
(Departamento Administrativo de Ciencia, 2010)
Análisis histórico, político y social en torno a la sentencia de Fichte: "sólo la educación puede salvar a la nación"
Authors: Hurtado Blandón Andrés Felipe
Published: June 2016

La tesis fundamental de los Discursos a la nación alemana (1807-1808) de Fichte reza del modo siguiente: sola la educación puede salvar a la nación. Este texto se propone indagar sobre las razones históricas, políticas, sociales e ideológicas más importantes que pudieron llevar al reconocido filósofo alemán a formular tan inquietante afirmación. Abarca, grosso modo, desde la época de la Reforma protestante hasta la disolución del Sacro Imperio Romano Germánico (llegada de Napoleón). Tal análisis permitirá, además, comprender cuál fue el contexto social general que dio lugar al surgimiento de movimientos tan reconocidos como la Ilustración (Aufklärung), el Clasicismo, el Romanticismo y el Idealismo alemanes, para los cuales -caso de Fichte-, tuvo la educación y la formación de los individuos un papel fundamental que cumplir en y para la sociedad.
Marx y Maffesoli en perspectiva posmoderna
Authors: Vélez Vélez Marco Antonio
Published: June 2016

Se busca confrontar el modernismo de Marx y su visión prometeica de la realidad moderna, con la posición posmodernista del sociólogo francés Michel Maffesoli, quien parte de una alternativa dionisíaca y pone en cuestión los valores-centro del mundo moderno. La pregunta por la utopía social emerge como interrogante en el dionisismo del filósofo francés.
La identidad y la diferencia, presupuestos básicos para pensar la postmodernidad
Authors: Arroyave Valencia Orlando
Published: June 2016

En la actualidad persisten varios problemas que deben ser conocidos de modo real y eficaz para acceder al mundo tardomoderno. Este es el caso de la relación que se puede establecer entre la modernidad y la postmodernidad. El primer periodo es el reflejo de la libertad, la sabiduría, la fraternidad, la justicia, la igualdad para todos los hombres, la democracia. Mientras que el segundo, es la continuación de los ideales inconclusos del primero. La postmodernidad es la época que evalúa, valora, cuestiona e interroga a la modernidad, respecto al hecho de si aquélla cumplió o no los ideales que proclamaba.
Karol Wojtyla: el surgimiento de una vocación a indagar por la verdad del hombre
Authors: López López Andrés Felipe
Published: June 2016

El incesante retorno de Karol Wojtyla al estudio del hombre y la defensa de la dignidad de la persona no son hechos producto del azar o del mero interés del pensador, sino que son resultado de la experiencia del fenómeno del totalitarismo durante el transcurso de la Segunda Guerra Mundial; además, sufrió todo el desprecio de la barbarie nazi y la posterior llegada del comunismo a su nación; estas “ideologías del mal” como él las llamó, dan cuenta de la naturaleza verdadera y radical del mal, del olvido del otro y de la desestimación sistemática por la vida humana. Este artículo es una descripción del ejercicio de poder y dominación ejecutados concretamente por Adolf Hitler a Polonia durante el paso de la guerra por ese país, tierra natal del Papa. El objeto de estudio es la comprensión, en términos de causalidad, del pensamiento de Wojtyla: personalismo y humanismo cristiano; los términos “totalitarismo”, “geopolíica”, “personalismo” y la figura de Hitler son esenciales. Los pensadores no se hacen solos, su temperamento es fruto del contexto en el que vivieron. En este análisis, para hacer más fina esa comprensión pretendida, son citados otros autores que han ampliado el horizonte de comprensión sobre el fenómeno citado, por ejemplo Hannah Arendt y Joan Carles Mélich.
Prescindir de creer en la posmodernidad
Authors: Castaño Sánchez Marta Cecilia
Published: June 2016

El presente ensayo trata de reflexionar sobre la experiencia religiosa, o de lo sagrado, que se vive en la posmodernidad y parte de las creencias que se manifiestan en lo individual y colectivo de las vivencias y discursos comunes en la cotidianidad. Se habla desde lo individual puesto que en la posmodernidad es frecuente que cada quien afirme su propia fe en Dios, frente a lo cual hay que guardar la tolerancia necesaria en una sociedad multicultural, que pide el respeto y la aceptación por quienes ven las cosas de modo diverso al propio y de las mayorías.
PERKEMBANGAN PENDIDIKAN DAN PERILAKU KEBERAGAMAAN PADA MASA KESULTANAN SAMBAS
Authors: Mardiyati Isyatul
Published: June 2016

From a historical perspective, Sambas Sultanate historically had a significant contribution to the diversity of the empire and the kingdoms in the archipelago. While the educational side of this empire have also contributed to the transmission of the scientific world-Malay archipelago in the context of the development of Islamic education as a chain of intellectual authority (intellectual genealogy) which in turn result in the intensification of the Islamization of Islamic civilization in Indonesia. One role of the educational Sambas Sultanate is their success in producing the best sons of the Malay world and the Islamic world, such as Indra Crown Prince, Ahmad Khatib Sambas and H. M. Basyuni Imran. To find out more about the historical development of science Sambas Sultanate both from within and outside the palace will be presented further in this paper.

***
Dari perspektif sejarah, Kesultanan Sambas memiliki sumbangan yang signifikan terhadap keragaman kerajaan di kepulauan Indonesia. Sementara itu dari sisi pendidikan kerajaan ini juga memberikan kontribusi bagi transmisi dunia keilmuan di kepulauan Indonesia dalam konteks perkembangan pendidikan Islam sebagai jaringan intelektual (genealogi intelektual) yang pada gilirannya mempengaruhi intensifikasi Islamisasi peradaban Islam di Indonesia. Salah satu peran pendidikan Kesultanan Sambas adalah keberhasilannya dalam meng­hasil­kan putra terbaik dalam dunia Melayu dan Islam, seperti Putra Mahkota Indra, Ahmad Khatib Sambas, dan H.M. Basyuni Imran. Kajian ini akan mengungkap perkembangan sejarah ilmu di Kesultanan Sambas, baik di dalam maupun luar Kesultanan Sambas.
PENGARUH ORIENTASI PEMBELAJARAN MOTIVASI KERJA DAN KOMITMEN TERHADAP KINERJA MADRASAH SWASTA
Authors: Hakim Lukman
Published: June 2016

A combination of the research by Asatuan (2004) and Kiuk (2007), gave a model for empowerment to private institutions like madrasah to become qualified institutions that can take part in education development in order to educate people through learning orientation, motivation and commitment as well as to improve the performance of private madrasah. Applying the combination the two research scheme, this research aims to determine the influence of (1) orientation on performance of private madrasah, (2) motivation of working on performance of private madrasah, (3) commitment to the performance of the private madrasah. The results showed that (1) Learning orientation affect the performance of the private madrasah, (2) Motivation of working affected the performance of private madrasah, (3) Commitment affected to the performance of private madrasah.

***
Kombinasi penelitian yang dilakukan oleh Asatuan (2004) dan Kiuk (2007) memberikan model pemberdayaan bagi lembaga swasta seerti madrasah untuk menjadi lembaga yang bermutu yang dapat ikut ambil bagian dalam pembangunan pendidikan untuk tujuan mendidik masyarakat melalui orientasi pendidikan, motivasi, dan komitmen serta perbaikan kinerja madrasah. Dengan menggunakan kombinasi dua desain penelitian, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan pengaruh: (1) orientasi kinerja madrasah swasta; (2) motivasi kerja pada kinerja madrasah swasta; dan (3) komitmen terhadap kinerja madrasah swasta. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan: (1) Orientasi belajar mem­pengaruhi kinerja madrasah swasta; (2) Motivasi kerja mempengaruhi kinerja madrasah swasta; (3) Komitmen mempengaruhi kinerja madrasah swasta.
PERGULATAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM DI KAWASAN MINORITAS MUSLIM
Authors: Wahib Abdul
Published: June 2016

This study was conducted with a qualitative approach. Data obtained by in-depth interviews, observation and documentation. Data were analyzed by phenomenological qualitative analysis model. This study concluded: (1) about the life of the Muslim minority in the school before and after the bombing; With imitate the concept of immersion, the good relations established between the Hindu-Muslim, but the bombs are up to two times it has damaged the relationship patterns that have progress, (2) the internal problems of PAI Teachers: The teachers of Islamic religious education in Bali faced a different problem that encompasses many domains of life. In school /classroom, in social life and so on, (3) materials additional Islamic Education, also called local curriculum include: Instilling a sense of respect for people who embrace different beliefs.

***
Kajian ini merupakan kajian dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Data penelitian di­peroleh dengan wawancara mendalam, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Data dianalisis dengan analisis fenomenologi. Kesimpulan dari kajian ini adalah: (1) ter­kait dengan kehidupan minoritas muslim disekolah sebelum dan sesudah peristiwa peledakan bom:hubungan yang semula baik kemudian menjadi rusak; (2) problem internal guru-guru PAI: Guru-guru PAI di Bali menghadapi masalah yang rentangnya sangat beragam terkait dengan wilayah kehidupan: sekolah, ruang kelas, dan kehidupan sosial; (3) bahan dalam kurikulum lokal: perlu dimasukkannya materi tentang penghormatan terhadap penganut keyakinan yang berbeda.
REVITALISASI ISLAM KULTURAL
Authors: Jamil M. Mukhsin
Published: June 2016

This research aim to explore one of Islamic movements in Indonesia after reformation of 1998. By using qualitative method, it is clear that the demarcation betweeen Islamic tradisionalism and Islamic modernism fluided culturally. Although at the same time polarization both become more political, which is made Indonesian Islamic mainstream loosed elan vital as sosial and cultural movement. There is the contradictory trends in the dynamic of Islamic thought and movement introduced by Islamc minority groups. In one side the trends are multiculturalism, anti coruption movement and appreciation to the local cultures which is ignorenced before by Islamic movement in Indonesia. In other side, political oriented in many Islamic movement is stronger. The dominant of traditional constructions of Islamic polical thought of sunni (fiqh al-siyasah) influenced to the Islamic movement to state orientation at same time ignored the society with their problem and cultural expression. The cultural Islam proposed new understanding to Islamic traditions with hermeneutic and remove the locus of movement forum political Islam to civil Islam.

***
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelajahi salah satu gerakan Islam di Indonesia setelah reformasi 1998. Dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif, akan menjadi jelas demarkasi antara Islam tradisional dan Islam modernis secara kultural. Meski polarisasi kedua kelompok keagamaan itu kerap bernuansa lebih politis, sehingga menghilangkan elan vital Islam Indonesia sebagai gerakan sosial dan budaya. Tetapi ada tren kontradiktif dalam dinamika pemikiran dan gerakan Islam yang dilakukan oleh kelompok minoritas Islam. Di satu sisi trennya adalah multikulturalisme, gerakan anti korupsi, dan apresiasi terhadap budaya lokal yang telah dikembangkan oleh gerakan Islam sebelumnya. Di sisi lain, orientasi politik kelompok keagamaan juga semakin meningkat. Dominasi pemikiran politik tradisional Sunni turut mempengaruhi pola gerakan Islam kepada negara dan pada saat yang sama mengabaikan masyarakat dengan problem kebudayaan mereka. Islam kultural mencoba untuk meniupkan pemahaman baru dalam tradisi Islam dengan hermeneutika dan menggeser arah gerakan Islam politik kepada Islam sipil.
First-Trimester Diagnosis of Recurrent Meckel-Gruber Syndrome
Authors: Özçimen Emel Ebru , Gürbüz Ali Sami , Özçimen Necati
Published: June 2016

Meckel - Gruber syndrome (MGS) is a lethal autosomal recessive disorder characterized by occipital meningoencephalocele, postaxial polydactyly, and cystic dysplastic kidneys. Here, we present a case in which recurrent MGS was diagnosed in the first trimester.
Laparoscopic Resection of a Torsed Big Myoma at 16th Weeks of Gestation
Authors: Cırık Derya Akdağ , Koçak Özgür , Ünlübilgin Eylem , Altay Metin , Gelişen Orhan
Published: June 2016

Myomas are the most common benign tumors of the uterus; however, only 1% to 4% of women were diagnosed with myoma during pregnancy. Although a majority of myomas do not cause any problems during pregnancy and rarely present with torsion or necrosis, myomas might lead to an acute abdomen, which then indicate need for an urgent myomectomy. There are various causes for an acute abdomen during pregnancy, and it is not always easy to make the definitive diagnosis with non-invasive diagnostic tools such as ultrasonography. Because the uterus displaces the intra-abdominal organs during pregnancy, diagnosis of a surgical emergency may be delayed and, consequently, increase maternal morbidity and mortality. If a surgical emergency is indicated, laparoscopy is a safe alternative to laparotomy during pregnancy, requiring a shorter hospital stay and less analgesic; therefore, all surgeons and gynecologists should be able to perform a laparoscopy when needed in each trimester of pregnancy. Herein, we report a 31-year-old primigravid woman presented with an acute abdomen at 16 weeks gestation. Ultrasound examination revealed a nearly 10 cm myoma at the right side of the uterine fundus. Suspecting a torsed myoma, an urgent diagnostic laparoscopy, which revealed a large, torsed, subserous myoma with a 2cm base, was performed. Laparoscopic resection and morcellation was done successfully. No intra-operative or post-operative complications were encountered, and the woman gave birth to a healthy infant at term. By presenting this case, we suggest the safe use of laparoscopic myomectomy of a relatively big myoma even in the second trimester of pregnancy.
Adenoid Basal Carcinoma of Uterine Cervix: A Case Report
Authors: Selçuk İlker , Öz Murat , Sirvan Levent , Güngör Tayfun , Meydanlı Mehmet Mutlu
Published: June 2016

Adenoid basal carcinoma of uterine cervix is a very rare entity that has been reported less than 100 cases in the literature. Although the origin of the carcinoma is controversial; the multipotential basal cell layer of cervix is the believed part for tumor growth. A 54 years-old white postmenopausal woman was referred to our clinic with the complaint of postmenopausal bleeding. Her pelvic examination revealed a tumor lesion of 1.5cm on the ectocervix. Her cervical and endometrial biopsies revealed an epithelial carcinoma and we performed a radical hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy and bilateral pelvic-paraaortic lymph node dissection. The final pathology result revealed adenoid basal carcinoma. Distinction of adenoid basal carcinoma from adenoid cystic carcinoma and other aggressive basaloid pathologies of cervix is important for the clinical management of patients since adenoid basal carcinoma is benign in behaviour despite being a carcinoma.
The Relationship Between Methylation Defects and Different Genetic Disorders: Two Case Reports
Authors: Aydın Emine , Ceylan Ahmet Cevdet , Beksaç Mehmet Sinan
Published: June 2016

5, 10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) is a coding gene, for a key enzyme in methionine-homocysteine and folate metabolism. This pathway has been associated with gene specific DNA hypo and hypermethylation as a result of gene switching on or off.Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T and A1298C gene polymorphisms are associated with folate metabolism disorders; such as, it results in an impaired DNA methylation and chromosomal abnormalities, gene deficiencies and structural anomalies. Here, we reported two cases of compound heterozygote and homozygote MTHFR gene mutation association with genetical disorders during the pregnancies.
Recurrent Cystic Hygroma with Normal Karyotype in Two Consecutive Pregnancies
Authors: Uysal Nihal Şahin , Gülümser Çağrı , Yanık Filiz Bilgin
Published: June 2016

We herein describe a woman with two consecutive pregnancies affected by fetal nuchal cystic hygroma (CH) with a normal karyotype.A 33-year-old woman (gravidity 2, parity 1) was referred to us because of fetal hydrops. No consanguinity or Rh isoimmunization was involved in her current or previous pregnancy. First-trimester ultrasonography revealed nuchal CH, and chorion villus sampling was performed to exclude aneuploidy.In the first pregnancy, the CH had regressed and aortic coarctation was detected by second-trimester fetal echocardiography. In the current pregnancy, the CH had progressed and was complicated by the development of nonimmune hydrops. Termination of the pregnancy was performed at 21 weeks’ gestation.Recurrence of fetal CH in subsequent pregnancies is extremely rare. CH with a normal karyotype can be inherited as an autosomal recessive trait. This report describes a woman with recurrent CH with normal karyotypes and different prognoses
Pulmonary Embolism Associated with Hyperemesis Gravidarum Two Case Reports
Authors: Keskinkılıç Bekir , Uygur Dilek , Özcan Ayşe , Üstün Yaprak Engin , Keskin Hüseyin Levent , Karaahmetoğlu Selma , Esen Meral , Şencan İrfan , Sanisoğlu Sema
Published: June 2016

Pulmonary embolism is a major cause of death during pregnancy or the puerperium. The hemostatic changes in pregnancy creates a prothrombotic milieu. Hyperemesis gravidarum  is one of the recognised risk factors for venous tromboembolism.Two cases of maternal mortality were attributed to  PE associated with severe hyperemesis gravidarum in 2014 in Turkey. These two cases have been reported and discussed in the literature review. We aimed to alert clinicians that thromboprophylaxis should be considered when a pregnant woman suffers vomiting leading to clinical evidence of dehydration.
Problems and Complications During the Treatment of Infertility in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors: Kalem Müberra Namlı , Kalem Ziya , Gürgan Timur
Published: June 2016

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most frequent endocrine disorder existing in women in their reproductive years and it is one of the most evaluated and discussed subjects of reproductive medicine with regard to its diagnosis and treatment.Patients with PCOS constitute the most difficult population in the management of infertility. The factors that increase the success rates in the treatment of PCOS infertility are: pretreatment changes in life style, dietetic and psychological support, a detailed evaluation of the couple and the appropriate selection of the treatment protocol, a wide-spectrum approach to maintaining ovarian and endometrial synchronization in the management of the cycle, and well-developed laboratory conditions to support embryonic quality. However, even if these conditions are provided, OHSS, cancellations of the cycle, poor oocyte, and embryo qualities, unsuccessful fertilization and implantation, chromosomal abnormalities and early losses may still be experienced.
Does Pelvic Organ Prolapse Relate with Expulsion of Intrauterine Devices?
Authors: Çınar Mehmet , Aksoy Rıfat Taner , Tokmak Aytekin , Erkılınç Selçuk , Güzel Ali İrfan , Eryılmaz Özlem Gün , Taşçı Yasemin
Published: June 2016

OBJECTIVE: We designed this study to demonstrate the risk factors of Intrauterine Devices (IUD) expulsion.STUDY DESIGN: Eighty patients (age range; 28-36) applied IUD evaluated in terms of their IUD expulsions. Risk factors recorded were; age, gravidity, parity, BMI, previous expulsion of intrauterine devices, delivery type, length of the endometrial cavity POP-Q scores and sonographic correct IUD location. Statistically analysis was performed by Mann Whitney U test, Logarithmic transformation and Logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: There were no statistically significant differences between groups in terms of ages, gravidity, parity, BMI, previous expulsion of intrauterine devices, delivery type, length of the endometrial cavity and the measure of Ap, Bp, C, D, TVL distances of POP-Q scores (p>0.05). The measure of Aa, Ba, Gh, Pb distances were statistically significantly lower in IUD expulsion group (p<0.05).CONCLUSION: As interestingly; we found that POP-Q assessment should be a promising marker in predicting IUD expulsion. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study with a such result, therefore POP-Q evaluation should be a useful parameter for future IUD expulsion.
Comparison of the Histologic Results of Atypical Glandular Cells-Favor Neoplasia and Atypical Glandular Cells-Not Otherwise Specified
Authors: Karalök Alper , Koçak Özgür , Taşçı Tolga , Yırcı Bülent , Üreyen Işın , Koç Sevgi , Turan Taner , Tulunay Gökhan
Published: June 2016

Objective: Cervical cancer screening programs are widely performed in all around the world. The interpretation of the Pap smear test is a big challenge in gynecology practice particularly when associated with atypical glandular cells. In this study, we performed a retrospective analysis of cytologic results associated with atypical glandular cells in our institution.Material and Method: We retrospectively reviewed Pap smear tests resulted as “atypical glandular cells”. A total of 122 women had screening tests reported as “atypical glandular cells” between 2003 and 2013 at the Ministry of Health, Etlik Maternity and Women’s Health Teaching Research. The cytology reported as “atypical glandular cells” were evaluated in two main groups: Atypical glandular cells-favor neoplasia (AGC-FN) and atypical glandular cells-not otherwise specified (AGC-NOS) compared by means of histologic results.Results: Thirty-two women have been reported as AGC-NOS on cytologic examination and 90 women were defined as AGC-FN. There was no significant difference between AGC-FN and AGC NOS groups in terms of age. In AGC-FN group, a total of 13 women (13/90) (14.4%) had malignant histological diagnosis. In AGC-NOS group only one woman (1/32) (3.1%) was diagnosed as malignant. All the malignant cases in this study are older than 35 years.Conclusion: The incidence of AGC is less than 1% in all Pap smear examinations. Two main factors were important in the outcome of the AGC. The first one is the subgroup. AGC-FN group has a higher risk of malignancy. The second important factor is the age of the patient. To be older than 35 years old seems to increase the risk of malignancy.
Effect of bank curvatures on hyporheic water exchange at meter scale
Authors: Zhang Guotao , Song Jinxi , Wen Ming , Zhang Junlong , Jiang Weiwei , Wang Liping , Kong Feihe , Wang Yuanyuan
Published: June 2016

The micro-topography feature of a riverine system is a controlling attribute to induce the change of patterns and magnitudes of hyporheic water exchange. The study aims to determine how hyporheic water exchange is affected by the bank curvatures of test points at meter scale. A one-dimensional heat steady-state transport model was applied to determine patterns and magnitudes of vertical hyporheic water exchange in January and July 2015. The bank curvatures were calculated based on the curvature formula. The results demonstrate that vertical water exchange patterns of all test points were upwards during the two test periods, and the higher vertical fluxes mostly occurred in January 2015. Large curvatures for either sides of convex banks in the two periods resulted in higher vertical water exchange fluxes, and the significantly higher vertical fluxes occurred near the apex of bends. Additionally, a flow pattern from river bank discharging into stream was derived during the campaign in July 2015, and significantly higher fluxes were obtained along the straight bank where more riparian vegetation was adjacent to the bank/water interface. It can be suggested that the bank curvatures and riparian vegetation are considered the crucial attributes influencing hyporheic water exchange.
Disinfection effect of pressurized carbon dioxide on Escherichia coli and Enterococcus sp. in seawater
Authors: Dang Thanh-Loc Thi , Imai Tsuyoshi , Van Le Tuan , Vo Huy Thanh , Higuchi Takaya , Yamamoto Koichi , Kanno Ariyo , Sekine Masahiko
Published: June 2016

Ship ballast water should be disinfected before being discharged into the ocean to avoid the dispersal of non-native species into the marine environment. This study presents the results of using pressurized carbon dioxide (CO2) at less than 1.0 MPa for inactivating Escherichia coli and Enterococcus sp. in artificial seawater (3.4% salinity). The bactericidal effects of pressurized CO2 were assessed using a liquid-film-forming apparatus under various conditions of pressure, temperature, and working volume ratio (WVR). Additionally, leakage of proteins and nucleic acids from cells was measured. Cell morphology of untreated cells and cells treated with pressurized CO2 was assessed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Pressurized CO2 treatment affected both strains; however, Enterococcus sp. exhibited higher resistance to pressurized CO2 treatment than did E. coli. Under identical treatment conditions (0.7 MPa, 20 °C, and 50% WVR), more than 5.0 log reduction in the load of E. coli and Enterococcus sp. was achieved after treatments for 5 min and 20 min, respectively. Release of intracellular contents occurred during the treatment process and SEM images of E. coli and Enterococcus sp. revealed that morphological changes had occurred after the treatment with pressurized CO2. Hence, pressurized CO2 has potential applications for inactivating pathogens in ballast water.
Longitudinal dispersion in open channel flow with suspended canopies
Authors: Huai Wenxin , Li Chengguang
Published: June 2016

Suspended canopies can cause flow disturbances such as reducing velocities within the canopy, and increasing flow beneath the canopy. Flow modifications by canopies dramatically affect the fate and transport of sediment, nutrients, contaminants, dissolved oxygen, and fauna in aquatic systems. A three-zone model is presented here to predict the longitudinal dispersion coefficient by simplifying Chikwendu's N-zone model. To validate the model, both flow field and tracer experiments were conducted using a straight rectangular Plexiglas flume, with rigid circular rods as the modeled suspended canopies. The result shows that velocities increased above the flume bed and maximized at a point between the canopies and flume bed. Above that point, streamwise velocities decreased into and within the canopies. Reynolds shear stresses were largest at the canopy interface and smallest (zero) at the velocity maximum point. Good agreement between the modeled results and experimental data shows that the model can effectively predict the longitudinal dispersion coefficient in open channels with suspended canopies.
Adsorptive removal of methylene blue by CuO-acid modified sepiolite as effective adsorbent and its regeneration with high-temperature gas stream
Authors: Su Chengyuan , Wang Liang , Chen Menglin , Huang Zhi , Lin Xiangfeng
Published: June 2016

In this study, the dynamic adsorption of methylene blue dye onto CuO-acid modified sepiolite was investigated. Meanwhile, the equilibrium and kinetic data of the adsorption process were studied to understand the adsorption mechanism. Furthermore, a high-temperature gas stream was applied to regenerate the adsorbent. The results showed that the Langmuir isotherm model was applied to describe the adsorption process. The positive value of enthalpy change indicated that the adsorption process was endothermic in nature. In the dynamic adsorption process, the best adsorption performance was achieved when the ratio of column height to diameter was 2.56 and the treatment capacity was 6 BV/h. The optimal scenario for regeneration experiments was the regeneration temperature of 550–650 °C, the space velocity of 100 min−1 and the regeneration time of 10 min. The effective adsorption of CuO-acid modified sepiolite was kept for 12 cycles of adsorption and regeneration.
Preliminary experimental insights into differential heat impact among lithic artifacts
Authors: Bustos-Pérez Guillermo , Baena Preysler Javier
Published: June 2016

The presence of thermally altered and broken flint artifacts is common at archaeological sites. Most studies focus their attention on the effects of heat treatment on flint to improve knapping qualities, disregarding the effects of fire over flint under uncontrolled conditions. This paper aims to show how under uncontrolled heating processes flint artifacts develop different heat alterations (such as levels of breakage, presence of scales, etc.) as a result of vertical distribution, volume or raw material and to establish a gradient of rock changes and behavior. Artifacts where macroscopically analyzed and a series of uncontrolled heating experiments through the distribution of flint blanks under two hearths were carried out, allowing a comparison of the before and after of the blanks. Preliminary results show how levels of breakage, surface alteration or development of heat alteration features can be differentiated according to artifact volume, vertical distribution and level of surface alteration. Results also show how two different raw materials react differently to similar thermal impact, and how surface alteration reacts at different rhythm in the case of recycled artifacts. We conclude that levels of thermal alteration can be differentiated through macroscopic analysis of flint surface.
On relation Qγ in le-Г-semigroups
Authors: Petro Petraq , Hila Kostaq , Dine Jani
Published: June 2016

In this paper we introduce and study the relation Q? in le-?-semigroups. This
relation in general turns out to have better properties than the relation H
studied in [10]. We give several properties that hold in every Q?-class of an
le-?-semigroup and especially in every Q-class satisfying the Green?s
condition. In particular, the ?-regularity and ?-intra-regularity of a Q?-class
is studied. We also consider a case a Q-class of an le-?-semigroup M forms
a subsemigroup of M?=(M,o).
Multiplication operators on Cesàro function spaces
Authors: Mursaleen M. , Aghajani A. , Raj Kuldip
Published: June 2016

In this paper, we characterize the compact, invertible, Fredholm and closed
range multiplication operators on Ces?ro function spaces.
Fractional in time diffusion-wave equation and its numerical approximation
Authors: Delic Aleksandra
Published: June 2016

In this paper an initial-boundary value problem for fractional in time
diffusion-wave equation is considered. A priori estimates in Sobolev spaces
are derived. A fully discrete difference scheme approximating the problem is
proposed and its stability and convergence are investigated. A numerical
example demonstrates the theoretical results.
Synthesis of bis- and tris(indolyl)methanes catalyzed by an inorganic nano-sized catalyst followed by dehydrogenation to hyperconjugated products
Authors: Khorshidi Alireza , Shariati Shahab , Abootalebi Masoomeh
Published: June 2016

A set of bis- and tris(indolyl)methanes were prepared and dehydrogenated to
their hyperconjugated products in a one-pot fashion. Nano-sized-SO3H
functionalized mesoporous KIT-6 coated on magnetite nanoparticles
(Fe3O4@SiO2@KIT-6-OSO3H) was used as an efficient catalyst in the first step
of synthesis, and dehydrogenation was performed by using (NH4)2S2O8 after
removal of the catalyst. The catalyst was fully characterized by Fourier
transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), transmission electron microscopy
(TEM) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), as well as nitrogen
adsorption-desorption isotherms. The bis- and tris(indolyl)methanes were
studied by UV-Vis spectroscopy before and after dehydrogenation, and effect
of the ambient parameters on their spectra was investigated. It was found
that bis- and tris(indolyl)methanes have no considerable absorption in the
visible range and what makes them colorful is partial dehydrogenation due to
exposure to air. Our catalyst as a new combination of known materials, showed
superiority in terms of yield, time, and mild reaction conditions in
comparison with previous reports.