bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Concept of the incarnation in gnostic and canonical Christianity
Authors: Bakhar Spiridon Alexandrovich
Published: September 2024

The study aims to compare the religious and philosophical views of gnostic and canonical Christianity on the concept of the incarnation. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the fact that this independent and systematic comparison of these views is carried out for the first time. The article demonstrates the significance of the concept of the incarnation in the teachings of gnostic and canonical authors, defining its specific nature. The work analyzes and systematizes the ideas about the incarnation in the context of the ontological, gnoseological, and soteriological aspects of Christianity, identifying their underlying principles. The question of the nature of the Savior occupies a special place in the article. As a result of the study, it was found that, despite numerous similarities, these Christian traditions interpreted the idea of the incarnation differently. While canonical Christianity relies heavily on the Old Testament in this matter, gnosticism is closer to the tradition of ancient mysticism, whose worldview can be interpreted as pantheism. And while the incarnation does not have independent soteriological significance in canonical Christianity, for gnostics it coincides, in a certain way, with salvation.
Problems of extracting semi-structured textual information based on Text Mining technology (using the material of the Russian and Chuvash languages)
Authors: Gubanov Aleksey Rafailovich , Danilov Andrey Anatolyevich , Isaev Yuri Nikolaevich , Gubanova Galina Fedorovna
Published: September 2024

The study aims to identify models and algorithms for processing textual information related to modal correction of intentional relationship schemes in languages with different structures based on Text Mining technology. The growth of diverse textual information flows on the internet, consisting of complexly organized documents, poses challenges for analysts. Such challenges are related to differentiated knowledge extraction (Text Mining technology is used in the analysis of diverse textual information). The paper proposes an approach to analyzing information related to modal correction of schemes of intentional semantic relations in languages with different structures involving methods of computational linguistics and Text Mining. Using the Language Resources library, an analysis of Russian and Chuvash corpora in the Datastores database was conducted (transferring information based on an analysis of the problems of integration and compatibility of data with various types of documents from different sources). Based on the proposed conceptual approach, clustering is performed (of document clusters, of the text corpus). The scientific novelty of the study lies in developing a complex of models and algorithms for analyzing intentional relations in languages with different structures, in particular, in Russian and Chuvash, ensuring accuracy and completeness in extracting information in search queries. Attention is focused on the content of linguistic resources; a classification of linguistic resources is conducted according to class-modes of intentional semantic relations. An approach to formalizing lexico-syntactic templates is determined, and on their basis, the task of constructing a taxonomy for the concept of intentional semantic relations is solved. As a result of the study, it has been found that the proposed method is effective for solving problems of Text Mining and interpreting its results.
Metaphorical modeling of Confucian philosophical discourse
Authors: Xu Lili
Published: September 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the representation of the conceptual metaphor in Confucian philosophical discourse. The study aims to reveal the role of various metaphorical models in shaping and expressing the concepts of Confucian philosophy, which have had a significant impact on the spiritual and cultural traditions of Chinese civilization. The cognitive-semantic analysis of the text “The Great Learning” (“Da Xue”) demonstrates the key role of metaphors in shaping the terminological system of Confucianism, substantiating its main ideas, and structuring the content and logic of this canonical text. The study is novel in that it is the first one to use the semantic-cognitive approach when analyzing philosophical metaphors. For the first time, the main metaphorical models characteristic of Confucianism have been identified, their importance in forming and transmitting the concepts of Confucian philosophy has been revealed. During the analysis of the text, it was discovered that there is an active use of metaphorical images characterized by spatial, luminous, floristic, zoomorphic, and object features, which are significantly shaped by perceptual experience and cultural-historical factors. The conducted study showed that the representation of key Confucian ideas about personal self-improvement, regulation of family and public relations, maintaining state stability, and ensuring universal peace in the Celestial Empire are significantly actualized through the metaphorical models “Great Learning – Path”, “Person – Bird”, “Grace – Light”, “Renewal of Ideology – Body Cleansing”, “Acquisition of Knowledge and Truth – Expanding Space”, “Calming the Soul – Straightening the Heart”, “Expressing Sincerity – Perceiving Smell and Beauty”, “State – Family”, “Personal Perfection – Adorning the Body”, “Person – Tree”, “Wealth and Grace – Water”.
HOW DOG OWNERS LEISURE PATTERNS INFORM DESTINATION PREFERENCES: INSIGHTS FORM HUNGARY
Authors:   Institute of Sports Economics and Management, Faculty of Economic Sciences, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary, MÜLLER Anetta , PÁLINKÁS Réka ,   Institute of Physical Education and Sports Science, University of Nyíregyháza, Nyíregyháza, Hungary, VAJDA Ildikó ,   Institute of Physical Education and Sports Science, University of Nyíregyháza, Nyíregyháza, Hungary, MOLNÁR Anikó ,   Institute of Sports Economics and Management, Faculty of Economic Sciences, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary, BUJDOSÓ Zoltán ,   Institute of Rural Development and Sustainable Economy, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences Gyöngyös, Hungary, BOROS Anita ,   Faculty of Law Enforcement, Department of Administrative Law Enforcement and International Law Enforcement, Ludovika University of Public Science, Budapest, Hungary, LOVAS KISS Antal ,   Faculty of Education for Children and Special Educational Needs - Department of Child Education, University of Debrecen, Hajdúböszörmény, Hungary, LENGYEL Attila ,   Coordination and Research Centre for Social Sciences, Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary, RÁTHONYI Gábor Gergely ,   Institute of Sports Economics and Management, Faculty of Economic Sciences, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary, BÁCSNÉ Éva Bába ,   Institute of Sports Economics and Management, Faculty of Economic Sciences, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
Published: September 2024

This article investigates the leisure and travel behavior of Hungarian dog owners, focusing on their preferences for destinations and activities that accommodate their canine companions. The study utilizes a comprehensive methodological approach, including a quota sample of Hungarian dog owners, an online selfreported questionnaire, and advanced statistical analyses such as robust factor analysis with Robust Diagonally Weighted Least Square (RDWLS) extraction and clustering of factor scores, to explore the dynamics of pet inclusive tourism. Results reveal distinct clusters of dog owners with varying leisure preferences and demonstrate significant associations between these preferences and destination choices, underscoring the importance of dogfriendly accommodations and activities. The findings highlight a shift towards personalized tourism experiences catering to dog owners, suggesting that destinations should adopt inclusive practices to attract this demographic. This research contributes to the understanding of petinclusive tourism, offering practical implications for destination marketers and service providers worldwide to better accommodate traveling dog owners.
PENGEMBANGAN STRATEGI PEMASARAN SEBAGAI UPAYA MENAIK KELASKAN WARUNG LAKSA
Authors: Nur’Aeni Nadila , Nazla Arina Pocut , Nada Farhanah  , Ratna Dewi Farida , Sarma Ma’mun
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
MSMEs play a significant role in Indonesia's economic growth, reaching 99% of all business units. The majority of MSMEs are food industry businesses with a total of 1.59 million businesses, or 36.70 percent of the total number of MSME businesses. Warung Laksa Bogor Kang Dadi is one of the MSMEs in the food industry. The problem experienced by Warung Laksa Bogor Kang Dadi is that the marketing strategy, both online and offline, is not yet optimal. This activity aims to develop a marketing strategy for MSMEs in order to expand the scale of Laksa Bogor Kang Dadi MSMEs. The method employed is to improve marketing system strategies, financial recording systems, production operations management, and spatial planning in order to scale up MSMEs. This activity results in the implementation of market research as well as developing offline and online marketing strategies implemented with MSMEs. The implication of this activity is to increase consumer brand awareness of MSMEs Laksa Bogor Kang Dadi.
ABSTRAK
Peran UMKM terhadap pertumbuhan perekonomian Indonesia sangat besar, yakni mencapai 99% dari keseluruhan unit usaha. Sebagian besar UMKM merupakan usaha industri makanan dengan jumlah 1,59 juta usaha, atau sebanyak 36,70 persen dari total jumlah usaha UMKM. Salah satu UMKM yang bergerak di sektor makanan adalah Warung Laksa Bogor Kang Dadi. Permasalahan yang dialami oleh Warung Laksa Bogor Kang Dadi adalah belum optimalnya strategi pemasaran, baik secara online maupun offline. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan strategi pemasaran UMKM dengan tujuan menaik kelaskan UMKM Laksa Bogor Kang Dadi. Metode yang digunakan berupa kegiatan menaik kelaskan UMKM dengan meningkatkan strategi sistem pemasaran, sistem pencatatan keuangan, manajemen produksi operasi hingga penataan tata ruang. Hasil dari kegiatan ini adalah terlaksananya riset pasar serta pengembangan strategi pemasaran offline dan online yang dilaksanakan bersama UMKM. Implikasi kegiatan ini adalah meningkatnya brand awareness konsumen terhadap UMKM Laksa Bogor Kang Dadi.
The association between serum level of zinc and copper and prevalence of bladder cancer in Iraq
Authors: Farhan Hussein Khalaf  , Manal Kamal Rasheed  , Mohammed Bassil
Published: September 2024

Bladder cancer (BC) is the most common malignant tumor in the urinary tract and the tenth most common malignant tumor throughout the world, with an estimated 4:1 male-to-female ratio. Men are primarily affected by it. Bladder cancer is the fourth most common malignant tumor in men and the eighth most common cancer in women in Iraq. Copper is an essential component of cells. Copper can participate in a variety of reactions by acting as an electron donor or recipient copper could have a role in the etiology, severity, and progression of cancer disease. Zinc the second most common trace element in the human body. Zinc plays a critical role in healthy human physiology and has also been linked to a few pathophysiological conditions. This study aimed to assess the level of zinc and copper in bladder cancer patients as well as the impact of changes in these minerals on the disease. Cu in patients’ group was significantly higher (146.09 ± 14.06 μg/dl) in compared to control (109.42 ± 17.04 μg/dl), p-≤ 0.001. while the mean of Zn in patients’ group was significantly lower (68.87 ± 11.13mg/dl) than mean in control group (98.20 ± 14.33mg/dl), p-≤ 0.001. The mean of Zn/Cu ratio in patients’ group was significantly lower (0.48 ± 0.11) than mean in control group (0.92 ± 0.22), p ≤ 0.001.
Effect of new feed additive on the productivity and quality of broiler chickens
Authors:   Volgograd State Technical University, Orekhova M.A. , Gorlov I.F. ,   Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production, Abramov S.V. ,   Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production, Balyshev A.V. ,   Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production, Berezina O.A. ,   Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production, Nevzorova A.A. ,   Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production
Published: September 2024

Purpose. Evaluation of the effectiveness of the use of a feed additive when it is included in the diet of broiler chickens. Materials and Methods. The objects of research during the experiment were broiler chickens of the Cobb-500 cross and the feed additive Acidopul L. Farm poultry was divided into 3 groups: 2 experimental and 1 control. The number of chickens in each group was 136. Experimental group 1 received a feed additive at a dose of 1 liter per ton of compound feed, 2 - at a dose of 2 liters per ton of compound feed during 42 days. The control group did not receive this additive. Biological, biotechnical, clinical and biochemical research methods that do not require validation were used to solve experimental problems. Results. Broiler chickens that consumed Acidopul L supplement had a greater increase in body weight compared to the control group. The chickens gained an average of 121.6 g more, or 4.9% of the total weight, in group 1, and 127.5 g, or 5.1%, more in group 2 compared to the control group. In addition, the experimental groups showed greater absolute and average daily weight gain than the control group. This parameter was 5% higher in group 1 and 5.2% higher in group 2 than in the control. A blood test showed that the experimental chickens had higher levels of total protein than the control chickens. In group 1, the difference was 1.27 g / l, which corresponds to 4.5%. In group 2, this difference was 0.61 g/l, or 1.71%. At the end of the experiment, the safety of poultry was higher in the experimental groups: in group 1 it was 2.9% higher, and in group 2 – 3.7% higher than in the control group. Conclusion. The results of the conducted studies indicate that the feed additive Acidopul L in the recommended dosage regimen of 1 and 2 liters per ton of mixed feed can have a beneficial effect on livestock products in the form of increased productivity and the level of natural resistance.
Development of animal husbandry in agroecological conditions of the south of Russia: analysis of the main directions and results obtained
Authors:   Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture  and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production, Gorlov I.F. , Brekhova S.A. ,   Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture  and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production
Published: September 2024

Purpose. Review of the main directions and results obtained based on the team’s research VRIMMP in the field of animal husbandry in the specific agro-ecological conditions of the South of Russia. Materials and Methods. The sequence of operations of systematization, generalization, logical analysis and conclusions from a vast array of data from published works on numerous scientific and practical studies carried out in the agro-ecological conditions of the South of Russia served as scientific methods for studying and processing the material under study. Discussion. The obtained results of intravital formation of increased both quantitative and qualitative characteristics of dairy and meat raw materials of various origins, which serve as the basis for the creation of actual products of increased nutritional value, are reflected. Conclusion. The considered innovative achievements serve agricultural producers operating in the agroclimatic conditions of the southern regions of Russia as assistance in the development, testing and implementation of new technological approaches in production in order to optimize selection and breeding work, improve zoohygienic conditions of keeping and feeding, use balancing additives and other valuable components . As a result, this ensures the growth of high-quality livestock and poultry products, advantages in competition with foreign producers and an increase in the export of its own products.
Dehumanizing language
Authors: Gonçalves Isabella
Published: September 2024

This entry explores dehumanizing language, a discursive practice used in political communication and intergroup conflicts to hierarchize groups and enhance social divisions. Dehumanizing language includes multiple discursive strategies, such as analogies, images, metaphors, verb choices, and stereotypes. The use of dehumanizing language fosters intergroup conflict. It reduces empathetic responses and increases the likelihood of aggression towards the dehumanized groups. Throughout human history, dehumanization has been a prevalent strategy for augmenting the public acceptance of human rights violations. Examples of dehumanizing language were commonplace during the European Colonization of the Global South, in genocides and wars. Despite their destructive potential, dehumanizing language is widespread until the present day. In this sense, creating a sense of similarity is a possible response against dehumanization since this can potentially increase the humanization of outgroups and support conciliatory policies.
Ciona Gene Model Converter: a tool for an easy conversion of gene identifiers between Ciona intestinalis Type A (C. robusta) KH2013 and KY21 gene models
Authors: Piekarz Katarzyna , Stolfi Alberto
Published: September 2024

Ciona robusta is an organism popular with developmental biologists. Multiple reference genome assemblies and gene models exist for the organism, however the conversion of the gene identifiers between the gene models is not straightforward and no tool currently exists to facilitate this conversion. Because of that, many researchers still use an older gene model set, KH2013, which lacks certain genes identified in the most current gene model, KY21. Furthermore, some gene models are quite divergent between the two sets, making conversion not straightforward. Mapping to the older, less complete gene model makes experiments such as RNA-seq or single-cell RNA-seq, less informative. Here we describe Ciona Gene Model Converter, a tool that allows for a fast and easy conversion both from KH2013 to KY21 and from KY21 to KH2013 gene models.
Preprint - Enhancing adolescents’ emotion regulation in the social media context: A cluster randomized controlled trial of the Vibe Check social media literacy intervention
Authors: Schreurs Lara , Vandenbosch Laura
Published: September 2024

This study aimed to test the effectiveness of the Vibe Check intervention that aimed to stimulate adolescents’ affective social media literacy skills, operationalized as adaptive emotion regulation in the social media context. A cluster randomized controlled trial was conducted among 636 adolescents (Mage=13.78, SD=.66) who were randomized by school to receive the intervention (N=410) or a control session (N=226). Surveys were completed one week before, immediately post- and two weeks post-intervention. Mixed effects regressions demonstrated a positive intervention effects two weeks later for feeling connected in the digital environment. Negative effects were found for social well-being, cognitive social media literacy and feeling in control over the digital environment immediately after following the intervention. Subgroup analyses were performed for completers, girls and boys. Findings highlight the potential of an affective SML intervention but also the need to test the effectiveness of such programs.
The association between anxiety and active behaviour in patients with Major Depressive Disorder: An ecological momentary assessment study
Authors: Hol-Steegstra Anneke , Helmich Marieke A. , Riese Harriette , Snippe Evelien
Published: September 2024

Introduction: There is limited knowledge regarding the effect of anxiety symptoms on behavioural avoidance in patients diagnosed with a depressive disorder. The aim of this study is to improve insight into the association between levels of anxiety symptoms, daily life activity levels, social interactions, and physical activity in depressed individuals.Methods: Participants were 54 patients diagnosed with major depressive disorder experiencing mild to severe levels of depressive symptoms. Symptoms of anxiety were assessed at baseline using the Symptom Check List-90 anxiety subscale. Daily life active behaviours were assessed using Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA, five times a day for one week). We tested the association between anxiety symptom levels and four operationalizations of active behaviours: number of activities, perceived physical activity, perceived social interaction, and social activity using multilevel analyses. Additionally, we explored the association between anxiety levels and specific activities.Results: Levels of anxiety were not associated with any of the four operationalizations of active behaviour. However, in a post-hoc analysis, a positive association was found between levels of anxiety and the specific activity category ‘household, groceries, administration’.Conclusions: Higher levels of symptoms of anxiety in depressed individuals are not associated with active behaviours in daily life but are associated with more household activities. In clinical practice, it therefore seems more beneficial to assess specific behaviours rather than broad categories of behaviour.
Subliminal messages
Authors: Ruch Simon , Reber Thomas Peter
Published: September 2024

Subliminal messages are messages that are presented in a way that prevents their conscious perception while still allowing them to influence mind and behaviour. Because subliminal messages are processed outside of conscious awareness, it has been argued that they might evade critical evaluation and may directly and uncontrollably alter a person’s views and actions against their will and without their awareness. If true, this could make subliminal messages a powerful tool in the context of political communication. Here, we briefly review the current state of research on whether and how subliminal messages may influence mind and behaviour. We further discuss the limitations of subliminal influence, and we point out some of the many methodological and theoretical issues in research on subliminal messages. Based on the current state of research, we conclude that subliminal messages are not an effective tool for political communication but also pose no major threat to public opinion and democratic discourse.
Measuring Muslim Lifestyle by a Halal-Scale
Authors: Riegel Ulrich , Engel Daniel , Penthin Marcus , Pirner Manfred L.
Published: September 2024

The background and motivation of the research presented in this article is the obligation of Public Theology to do justice to young Muslim refugees as a minority group in German society regarding the role of religiosity in the way they are coping with life. In the research process, the authors became increasingly aware that most instruments to measure religiosity have a Western and/or Protestant bias in that they are more interested in religious attitude than in religious practice and/or religious lifestyle, which is very important for Muslim religiosity. Therefore, this article focuses on the distinction between halal and haram as indicators of religious practice according to Muslim benchmarks. Both the concept and the operationalization of a two-dimensional instrument of living a halal life are described. The instrument distinguishes between the individual importance of halal goods (food, medicine, cosmetics) and services (doctors) and their availability in the local environment. Each of the two dimensions comprises four items. Construct validity is shown by confirmatory factor analysis (CFIrobust = 0.934, TLIrobust = 0.902, RMSEArobust = 0.114 [0.073; 0.156]) of a sample of N = 155 Muslim adolescents who have fled to Germany from Syria, Iraq and Afghanistan. External validity is tested by analyzing the correlation of the measurement instrument developed by the authors with the Centrality of Religiosity Scale. The presented halal instrument offers an approach to Muslim lifestyle that meets the orthopractic character of this religion. At the same time, it addresses the consequential dimension of religion within quantitative research.
Molecular alterations in core subunits of mitochondrial Complex I and their relation to Parkinson's disease
Authors: de Assunção Matheus Caetano Epifane , Silva Ana Gabrielle Bispo , Ribeiro-dos-Santos Ândrea , Cavalcante Giovanna C.
Published: September 2024

Among a myriad of neurodegenerative diseases, mitochondrial dysfunction represents a nexus regarding their pathogenic processes, in which Parkinson's disease (PD) is notable for inherent vulnerability of the dopaminergic pathway to energy deficits and oxidative stress. Underlying this dysfunction, the occurrence of defects in Complex I (CI) derived from molecular alterations in its subunits has been described in the literature. However, the mechanistic understanding of the processes mediating the occurrence of mitochondrial dysfunction mediated by CI deficiency in PD remains uncertain and subject to some inconsistencies. Therefore, this review analyzed existing evidence that may explain the relationship between molecular alterations in the core subunits of CI, recognized for their direct contribution to its enzymatic performance, and the pathogenesis of PD. As a result, we discussed 47 genetic variants in the 14 core subunits of CI, which, despite some discordant results, were predominantly associated with varying degrees of deficiency in complex enzymatic activity, as well as defects in supercomplex biogenesis and CI itself. Finally, we hypothesized about the relationship of the described alterations with the pathogenesis of PD and offered some suggestions that may aid in the design of future studies aimed at elucidating the relationship between such alterations and PD.
Mapping current and future European potential vegetation to support restoration planning
Authors: Jung Martin
Published: September 2024

The extent and intactness of natural ecosystems is a key factor enabling species populations to thrive. However, the distribution of ecosystems is changing owing to both climatic and anthropogenic factors. Recently negotiated European policy directives, such as the Nature Restoration Law, argue for the restoration of natural ecosystems. Yet to determine what is to be restored the range of possible outcomes should be first explored, also with regards to future climatic conditions. Here the concept of potential natural vegetation (PNV) is applied and mapped in a data-driven manner at European extent, exploring where PNV transitions are most likely to happen under contemporary and future conditions. Specifically, I predict the distribution of current and future potential coverage of six natural vegetation types at 1 km² grain using Bayesian machine learning approaches. I find that most current land cover and land use could develop to no single, but multiple PNV states, although options for some types, such as areas suitable for wetlands might become rarer under future climatic conditions. Furthermore, the challenge of transitioning to PNV was found to be particularly high for current intensively cultivated landscapes. Overall data-driven PNV mapping holds considerable promise for assessing land potentials and supporting restoration assessments. Future work should expand the thematic grain of vegetation maps and consider feedback with biotic factors.
Autistic listeners demonstrate robust lexically guided perceptual learning
Authors: Cummings Shawn , Duda Brooke , Theodore Rachel M.
Published: September 2024

Listeners accommodate rampant variability in speech input, at least in part, by adapting to structured phonetic variation. However, most work demonstrating this type of perceptual learning has focused on group-level effects in modal populations. This approach masks potentially meaningful differences – present among all listeners but particularly associated with autism – in sensory perception, social functioning, and language processing. These differences may be expected to influence adaptation, but their roles remain unclear. The present investigation aimed to clarify the relationships between autism, perceptual acuity, and adaptation. Listeners (n = 80, of which 40 were diagnosed with autism) were exposed to spectral energy ambiguous between /s/ and /ʃ/ in lexical contexts designed to elicit adaptation. Learning was assessed by comparing categorization of an ashi–asi test continuum before and after the critical lexically-guided exposure. Autistic traits and pitch pattern sensitivity were also be assessed. Robust learning was observed by both the general population and autistic listeners, with no evidence to suggest that learning was associated with autistic traits or pitch pattern sensitivity. These results advance theories of speech adaptation by constraining determinants of lexically guided perceptual learning to suggest that the social language traits of autism may be orthogonal to adaptation in speech perception.
More than g: Verbal and performance IQ as predictors of socio-political attitudes
Authors: Edwards Tobias , Dawes Christopher , Willoughby Emily A , McGue Matt , Lee James J.
Published: September 2024

Measures of intelligence predict socio-political attitudes and behaviors, such as liberalism, religiosity, and voter turnout. Little, however, is known about which cognitive abilities are responsible for these relationships. Employing several cohorts from the Minnesota Center for Twin and Family Research, we test the predictive performance of different broad abilities. Using multiple regression to compare verbal and performance IQ from Wechsler intelligence tests, we find verbal IQ more strongly predicts voter turnout, civic engagement, traditionalism, and measures of ideology. On average, the correlation between verbal IQ and our socio-political attitudes is twice as large as that of performance IQ. The same pattern appears after controlling for education and after performing the analysis within sibling pairs. This implies that the relationship cannot be entirely mediated through education, nor entirely confounded by upbringing. Positive and negative controls are employed to test the validity of our methodology. Importantly, we find verbal and performance IQ to be equally predictive of the ICAR-16, a distinct measure of general intelligence. The results are consistent with verbal ability being as important as general intelligence in the relationship between test scores and socio-political attitudes. The role of verbal ability in influencing attitudes may help to explain the ideological leanings of specific occupations. Its association with turnout and civic engagement suggests that those with a verbal tilt may, for better or worse, have greater influence over politics and society.
One size does not fit all: Resilient and recovering adolescent mood trajectories during and after the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Toenders Yara , Green Kayla , Brinke Lysanne te , Sweijen Sophie , van de Groep Suzanne , Fakkel Matthijs , Remmerswaal Danielle , Crone Eveline
Published: September 2024

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic greatly affected daily life of young people but not all youth were affected in the same way. Methods: We studied mood trajectories in young people (10-29 years) across eight longitudinal waves spanning four years to test for resilience and recovery profiles during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Results: A four-class model using growth mixture modelling confirmed that some adolescents were highly affected with slow recovery (16%), some were moderately affected (27%), and there were two patterns of stable low to moderate mood level groups (24% and 33% respectively). Those that were highly affected in negative mood were characterized by more academic stress, more executive functioning problems, and lower sense of belonging. The same factors were predictive and protective for recovery trends of vigor. Conclusions: These results confirm that group averages do not fully capture the variability within adolescence and unravel protective factors that may guide future interventions in case of a new crisis.
Systematic review of what people know about brain health
Authors: Niechcial Malwina A. , Elhag Shaimaa , Potter Lauren M , Dickson Adele , Gow Alan J.
Published: September 2024

Objectives: As we age our cognitive abilities can change. However, the degree of change experienced can be positively influenced by a range of factors. To understand what the public know about risk and protective factors for cognitive ageing a systematic review of studies was conducted to consider what people know about brain health.Method: The search strategy included quantitative and qualitative studies in English, including interviews, focus groups, questionnaires, surveys of beliefs about brain health (including predictions, opinions) in generally healthy adults. PubMed, PsycINFO, Scopus, and Web of Science were used for published peer-reviewed literature; and ProQuest Dissertations and Theses and National Grey Literature Collection, PsycExtra and Google searches for grey literature.Results: From 37,197 records, one hundred and one were included, comprising 71 quantitative (22 grey literature), 27 qualitative (1 grey literature) and 3 mixed-methods (1 grey literature). Studies were grouped into three themes: Concerns about cognitive ageing, Opportunities to promote brain health and Understanding dementia risk reduction and prevention.Discussion: Studies reported varying levels of knowledge of brain health, alongside some suggestions for brain health that were somewhat superficial and not always consistent with scientific consensus. There were differences between groups of participants who exhibited less knowledge of brain health, for example, men, older adults, those with lower education and incomes, and ethnic minorities. This review highlights the need for clear messaging around opportunities to promote brain health, including scientifically-endorsed lifestyle factors and more information on mechanisms by which they operate.
The Job Task Penalty for Motherhood
Authors: Schulz Wiebke , Zoch Gundula
Published: September 2024

Motherhood is one of the most important sources of gendered labor market inequalities. Working mothers have less prestige, less authority than childless women and experience a substantial wage penalty. Scholars have highlighted the potential relevance of motherhood effects on job tasks in explaining motherhood penalties, yet little is known about how job tasks change due to motherhood. Using data from the German National Educational Panel Study and employing fixed-effects models, we study within-person changes in job tasks following childbirth. Deriving hypotheses from central explanations of motherhood penalties—work-family strain, human capital deterioration, compensating differentials—we examine changes in job tasks and how they vary with mothers’ working hours, length of time out, and occupational mobility. The findings show that mothers execute fewer analytic, complex, and interactive tasks; however, this penalty is mostly limited to mothers who reduce their working hours. The reduction in job tasks does not vary by occupational mobility nor by length of leave. Overall, these findings are consistent with explanations that focus on work-family strain, and provide additional evidence for the importance of improving job conditions and the care infrastructure to mitigate motherhood disadvantages in the labor market.
Toward Computational Literature Reviews: Analyzing Academic Theories through Supervised and Unsupervised Text-Analysis Methods
Authors: Haber Jaren R. , Haveman Heather A. , Xu Yinuo
Published: September 2024

Literature reviews have become challenging as the number of publications has exploded. We develop a flexible method using computational text methods to review massive online collections of journals. We demonstrate this method by investigating engagement with organizational theories in journal articles archived on JSTOR. We focus on three prominent theories: organizational ecology, resource dependence, and organizational institutionalism. We develop comprehensive, period-specific dictionaries of each theory’s core concepts and apply them to articles in JSTOR’s sociology and management subject areas. We compare conceptual engagement to citations of foundational texts in Web of Science. We trace how these theories’ concepts evolved over time by capturing semantic similarity (within theories) and semantic distinctiveness (between theories). This computational method can simplify and accelerate literature reviews by allowing scholars to find which articles engage most strongly with concepts in specific theories and pinpointing which concepts articles engage with.
पहिचानवादी नेपाली काव्यिक आन्दोलनको विश्लेषण
Authors: विद्रोही Bidrohi राजेश Rajesh
Published: September 2024

Available with Fulltext.
Surgical Management of Clavicle Fracture with Precontoured Locking Plate
Authors: Bipan Shrestha  , Prakriti Raj Kandel  , Kishor Man Shrestha  , Shreshal Shrestha  , Subash Pandey  , Pradip Chhetri
Published: September 2024

INTRODUCTION
Traditionally, displaced midshaft clavicle fractures have been treated by nonoperative methods but had high rates of malunion and prolong pain. Therefore, ﬁxation with precontoured locking compression plates (LCP) has become the ideal mode of treatment as plate ﬁxation restores the anatomy and provides excellent radiological and functional outcomes.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
This prospective and observational study was carried out in Orthopedics department of Universal College of Medical Sciences-Teaching Hospital (UCMS-TH) from January 2022 to March 2024. After Ethical clearance (UCMS/IRC/164/21) from Institutional Review Committee (IRC) and informed written consent, all selected patients with midshaft clavicle fracture were treated with precontoured locking plate. Post-operatively patients were regularly followed at 6 weeks, 3 months and 6 months. At 6 months, functional outcome was assessed by Constant and Murley Score (CMS). Descriptive statistics like frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation were used to analyze the data by SPSS 20 whereas Chi square test was used as an inferential statistics.
RESULTS
In our study of 50 cases, the mean age group was 35±7.2 years (20-46 years). Most of the cases were Robinson 2A2 (60%) type. The average duration of fracture union was 4.14± 0.7 months (3-6 months). Only 1 patient (2%) had superﬁcial wound infection and another 1 patient (2%) had implant failure. The average CMS and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) at 6 months was 96.26±2.57 (86-99) and 0.06±0.23 (0-1) respectively. At 6 months, 96% cases had excellent result. Finally, we observed statistically signiﬁcant difference between the fracture classiﬁcation and fracture union time (p=0.003); as well as fracture classiﬁcation and patient satisfaction (p=0.004).
CONCLUSION
Precontoured locking plate is an effective treatment method for midshaft clavicle fracture in adults with beneﬁts of early pain relief, early union and excellent functional outcome.
Enhancing Attention in Medical Students
Authors: Bishal Joshi  , Sanjit Kumar Kar  , Laxmi Shrestha
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
Medical education is a comprehensive and specialized ﬁeld that emphasizes the importance of attention for integrating various pieces of information, development of critical thinking skills and applying knowledge effectively. Enhancement of attentional abilities is essential to keep pace with complicated, critical and commercial social environments. However, the sustained attention is challenged in medical students by various elements, including a rigorous academic curriculum, high levels of stress, and the prevalence of digital distractions. This article has looked at several methods to enhance attention in medical education including improving attentional abilities in students, active learning strategies, and utilization of technology. Furthermore, the article discusses assessment methods for attention, including psychological tests, cognitive tasks, and self-report questionnaires, to identify areas needing improvement and direct interventions. In conclusion, enhancing attention in medical students is a multifaceted challenge that requires a comprehensive approach. By understanding the factors that affect attention and implementing evidence-based strategies, students can better prepare themselves to gather knowledge more effectively and educators can help students to achieve better learning outcomes and prepare them for the demands of their future careers.
Tubercular Pericardial Effusion Complicated by Cardiac Tamponade: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Sudhan Devkota  , Aparajita Sharma  , Mahmud Alam Khan  , Niraj Kumar Jaiswal  , Manoj Karki  , Vikash Sahani
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
Cardiac tamponade is a medical emergency which requires early diagnosis and intervention. Tubercular pericardial effusion is an uncommon manifestation of extra pulmonary TB with cardiac tamponade being even rarer. Here, we have a case of 78-year-male who presented with fever, chest pain and shortness of breath for 4 days. He was in respiratory distress, hypoten- sive along with raised JVP and mufﬂed heart sounds. Echocardiography demonstrated cardiac tamponade for which immediate pericardiocentesis was performed. Pericardial ﬂuid analysis was suggestive of tubercular origin for which ATT and steroids started.
कानुनी नेपाली भाषामा वाक्यसंरचना
Authors: खडका Khadka गिरबहादुर  Girbahadur
Published: September 2024

कानुनी नेपाली भाषामा प्रयुक्त वाक्यहरूको अर्थ र संरचनागत स्थितिको विश्लेषण गर्ने उद्देश्यले यो लेख तयार पारिएको हो । नेपाली भषााको प्रयोजनपरक भेदअन्तर्गतको एक भेद कानुनी नेपाली भाषा हो । यस लेखमा कानुनी नेपाली भाषामा वाक्यको अर्थ र संरचना के कस्तो रहेको छ भन्ने प्राज्ञिक जिज्ञासालाई प्रमुख समस्या बनाइएको छ । मूलतः कानुनी क्षेत्रमा प्रयुक्त हुने यस्तो भाषामा प्रयुक्त पारिभाषिक शब्द एवं वाक्य विन्यासगत विशिष्टताका कारण भिन्नता पाइन्छ । बहुसत्यमा आधारित गुणात्मक अनुसन्धान ढाँचा अवलम्बन गरी यो लेख तयार पारिएको छ । यस लेखमा मूलतः द्वितीय स्रोतका सामग्रीहरूको उपयोग गरिएको छ र ती सामग्रीहरू पुस्तकालयबाट सङकलन गरिएका हुन । यस अध्ययनमा वाक्य संरचनालाई सैद्धान्तिक आधारका रूपमा उपयोग गरिएको छ । यसै सैद्धान्तिक मान्यताका आधारमा कानुनी नेपाली भषााका वाक्यमा शब्दको प्रयोग, अर्थगत विन्यास, व्याकरणात्मक कोटि र शैलीगत विविधताजस्ता सूचकको उपयोग गरी लेखलाई पूर्णता प्रदान गरिएको छ । पदको विचलन, लामा पदावलीको संयोजन एवं व्याकरणिक नियममा आबद्ध नभई दीर्घ आयामयुक्त वाक्यको संयोजन र विविध शैलीको प्रयोग हुने नेपाली भाषाको एक प्रयोजनपरक भेद कानुनी नेपाली भाषामा भएको देखिन्छ भन्ने निष्कर्ष यस अध्ययनको रहेको छ ।
परालको आगो कथाको विमर्शप्रस्तुतिमा दृष्टिविन्दुपात्र
Authors: बरई Barai त्रिभुवन Tribhuvan
Published: September 2024

प्रस्तुत लेखमा दृष्टिविन्दुपात्रको सैद्धान्तिक पर्याधारको केन्द्रीयतामा गुरुप्रसाद मैनालीद्वारा लिखित ‘परालको आगो’ कथामा अङकित विमर्शको मूल्याङकन गरिएको छ । ‘परालको आगो’ कथाको दृष्टिविन्दुपात्रका माध्यमबाट अभिव्यक्त विमर्श पहिल्याउनाका निम्ति यो अध्ययन गरिएको हो । प्राथमिक एवम द्वितीयक स्रोतका सामग्रीको उपयोग गरी दृष्टिविन्दुपात्रको सैद्धान्तिक पर्याधारलाई आधार बनाई गुणात्मक शोधविधि अपनाई यस लेखलाई पूर्णता प्रदान गरिएको छ । लैङगिक समानतायुक्त अवधारणाको  प्रस्तुति, महिला र पुरुषको सहकार्यात्मक सम्बन्धमा जोड तथा सीमान्तीयतासम्बन्धी अवधारणाको अभिव्यक्ति गरी तीनओटा सूचकका केन्द्रीयतामा प्रस्तुत कथाको मूल्याङकन यस लेखमा गरिएको छ । यस लेखको अन्त्यमा लैङगिक समता, महिला र पुरुषबिचको सहकार्यात्मक सम्बन्ध एवम सम्मान, समानता, साझेदारी र शक्तिसन्तुलनमा आधारित आचरण र व्यवहार इमानदारीपूर्वक अवलम्बन गर्दा मात्र पारिवारिक जीवन सुखद, समुन्नत र अनुकरणीय बन्ने, यस्तो विमर्शको प्रस्तुति गर्ने विशिष्ट प्रकारको सामथ्र्य र कला गुरुप्रसाद मैनालीमा रहेको कुरा उल्लेख गरिएको छ । यसका साथै आख्यानकारलाई एकल दृष्टिविन्दुपात्रको केन्द्रीयतामा आख्यानात्मक कृतिको विमर्शको व्यवस्थापन, समालोचक र अध्येतालाई दृष्टिविन्दुपात्रको केन्द्रीयतामा आख्यानात्मक कृतिमा निहित विमर्शको अध्ययन एवम पाठकलाई दृष्टिविन्दुपात्रको सेरोफेरोमा आख्यानात्मक कृतिको सारवस्तुगत पक्षको बोध गर्न र लैङगिक समानता, सहकार्य र साझेदारीयुक्त अवधारणाअनुसारको आचरण र व्यवहार अपनाई मानवजीवनको गरिमा, श्रेष्ठता र सार्थकता सिद्ध गर्ने कार्यमा सघाउने निष्कर्ष प्राप्त हुनुलाई निष्कर्षात्मक प्राप्तिका रूपमा प्रस्तुत गरिएको छ ।
The Influence of Harness Design on Forelimb Biomechanics in Pet Dogs
Authors: Dowdeswell Lauren , Churchill Lucianna
Published: September 2024

Dog harnesses are a popular walking aid for pet dogs. Research has focused on the biomechanical impact of assistance dog harnesses; however, this is lacking in the pet dog harness industry. This study aimed to explore the impact of six different harness types on canine biomechanics compared to a standard (base) collar, specifically analysing shoulder extension, shoulder flexion, elbow extension and elbow flexion. A high-speed recording device recorded a total of 21 videos per dog (n=30), and analysis demonstrated that the straight-front harness allowed for the most elbow and shoulder extension and flexion, whereas the front clip allowed for the least elbow and shoulder flexion and extension. By directly comparing the six harnesses, three of which are new to research inclusion, the evidence drawn demonstrates which harnesses should be utilised more and which should potentially be avoided. These results provide a foundation for future research, and recommendations have been outlined, specifically considering breed difference, morphological impacts and long-term effects of harness design on canine gait. With advancements in the canine industry, this research is crucial for maximising safety and potentially preventing or delaying various musculoskeletal disorders.
PERENCANAAN GRAHA OTOMOTIF KENDARAAN NIAGA RINGAN DI MUARA BADAK
Authors: Nur Muhammad Alfian , Efendi Arman , Mulyadi Mulyadi
Published: September 2024

Indonesia merupakan sebuah Negara yang sedang berkembang. Di era globalisasi ini kebutuhan masyarakat semakin meningkat salah satunya merupakan kebutuhan akan sarana transportasi. Kendaraan niaga menjadi peranan yang sangat penting di setiap industry, dan berfungsi sebagai penghubung pergerakan ekonomi. Untuk mengantakan barang baku, barang setengah jadi sampai barang jadi ke konsumen. Kendaraan niaga ringan merupakan salah satu jenis sarana transportasi darat dengan fungsi yang sangat fleksibel yaitu untuk mengangkut barang. Kendaraan niaga memiliki fungsi untuk melengkapi kebutuhan bisnis, mulai dari distribusi, perkebunan mengingat pentingnya kendaraan niaga dalam menunjang pembangunan dan perekonomian. Kendaraan niaga diisi oleh model kendaraan pickup single cabin dan pickup double cabin. Merek yang turut berperan dalam pasar ini adalah Mitsubishi ,Isuzu, Daihatsu, Suzuki, Daihatsu serta Toyota. Muara Badak adalah salah satu kecamatan dikutai kartanegara di Indonesia. Tujuan dari perancangan fasilitas Graha Otomotif Kendaraan Niaga Ringan di ini untuk mewadahi fasilitas yang menjadi sarana penjualan kendaraan, Penjualan Suku Cadang Original Dan Service.