bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Políticas e práticas governamentais em defesa dos direitos educacionais das pessoas com deficiência – avanços e retrocessos ao longo dos séculos XX e XXI
Authors: Sousa Fabiana Maria Barbosa de , Lustosa Francisca Geny , Felipe Kelma de Freitas , Silva Maria Simone da
Published: January 2023

Neste artigo temos por objetivo proporcionar aos pesquisadores da categoria inclusão de pessoas com deficiência uma sequência histórica sobre os presidentes brasileiros e suas ações vinculadas à temática, criando ou extinguindo secretarias de inclusão. Como forma de sintetizar e analisar o material já produzido sobre as políticas públicas que versam acerca do tema em debate, optou-se por um estudo de natureza bibliográfica, com o apoio da pesquisa documental. A pesquisa bibliográfica foi embasada nas produções teóricas de pensadores como Mazzotta, Jannuzzi e Sassaki, que são referência em assuntos vinculados à política de inclusão de pessoas com deficiência no Brasil; enquanto a realização da pesquisa documental foi feita por meio de análise dos relatórios de gestão da Secretaria de Educação Especial - SEESP, as leis regulamentadas no Brasil em relação à política de inclusão de pessoas com deficiência e os documentos publicados oficialmente sobre a política de inclusão na página do Ministério da Educação e Cultura – MEC. A partir dos fatos analisados chegamos à conclusão de que a inserção dessa discussão nas pautas e estrutura do governo fortalece o desenvolvimento de políticas públicas de inclusão. E, diante do cenário recente de retrocessos, precisamos seguir juntos e fortes em defesa de uma sociedade para todos(as), sem nenhum direito a menos.
Impactos da pandemia para o desenvolvimento infantil: Uma revisão bibliográfica
Authors: Maldonado Andréa Kelly da Silva , Granja Eliane Rabelo de Sousa , Pfeilsticker Francis Jardim , Amâncio Natália de Fátima Gonçalves
Published: January 2023

Objetivos: Analisar como a pandemia da COVID-19 afetou a saúde mental das crianças, assim como das alterações comportamentais no desenvolvimento infantil. Métodos: Consiste de um estudo de revisão bibliográfica, em que foi realizada uma busca nos bancos de dados: SCIELO, PubMed, Biblioteca Virtual da Saúde (BVS), EbscoHost no período de 3 anos, entre 2020 e 2022, em línguas portuguesa e inglesa. Foram captados 48 artigos, dos quais 28 foram excluídos por não cumprirem os critérios de inclusão propostos, de modo que 20 estudos foram analisados. Resultados: Observou-se que durante o período de isolamento e distanciamento social, as crianças ficaram mais propensas a desenvolver alterações psíquicas e físicas, como aumento no uso de telas, irritabilidade, queda do desempenho escolar e cognitivo, estresse crônico e agudo, ansiedade, depressão, distúrbios do sono e do apetite, aumento de peso, sedentarismo, irritabilidade, medo, insegurança e prejuízo nas interações sociais. Conclusão: Foi constatada pela revisão literária a incidência de prejuízos à saúde mental assim como desordens no comportamento infantil ocasionadas durante o período pandêmico. Desse modo, destaca-se os possíveis impactos para o  desenvolvimento infantil e a importância do cuidado das demandas infantis acentuadas pela pandemia.
Suplementação de creatina em idosos: efeitos e benefícios
Authors: Pessoa João Pedro Arruda , Campos Ana Luísa Braga , Silva Anthony Emerson Pereira Martins , Matos Arthur Moura de , Brandão Lara Fernanda Papalardo , Paiva Aline Cardoso de , Faria Mateus Lopes de
Published: January 2023

A população idosa tem apresentado um aumento nos índices demográficos brasileiros, nesse sentido, o envelhecimento é correlacionado com reduções na funcionalidade muscular, óssea e imune, nas quais a suplementação com creatina tem se apresentado como uma terapêutica. Objetivou-se identificar na literatura qual a influência da creatina no metabolismo, distinguindo os efeitos e benefícios. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva do tipo revisão narrativa da literatura, através do acesso online nas bases de dados PubMed MEDLINE, Scielo, Google Scholar, BVS e EBSCO, no mês de dezembro de 2022. Para a busca das obras foram utilizadas as palavras-chaves presentes nos descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DeCS): “creatina”, “envelhecimento”, “sarcopenia” e “fragilidade”, totalizando-se 21 materiais para a revisão após a seleção. A senilidade é um configurada por alterações orgânicas como a osteoporose, a sarcopenia, a osteosarcopenia e a imunossenescência. Nesse viés, a creatina apresenta benefícios ao estimular a liberação de fatores de crescimento, a síntese de proteínas anabólicas e o suprimento energético que possibilitam a diferenciação das células satélites no tecido muscular e o predomínio da ação osteoblástica em comparação a ação osteoclástica, viabilizando a terapêutica das patologias da senilidade. Além disso, desempenha um papel imunológico, mediado pelo efeito regulador da inflamação crônica e de inibição do estresse oxidativo. Portanto, se consagra uma viabilização do uso da suplementação dietética de creatina na população idosa, sendo necessários pesquisas direcionadas ao grupo para adequar sua aplicação nutricional.
Proposal of a framework for improving multi-criteria decision-making related to epidemics using heterogeneous spatial data and evolutionary algorithms
Authors: Lopes Gesiel Rios , Silva Roberto Fray da , Pelarigo Karina Jorge , Yamamura Mellina , Delbem Alexandre C. B. , Scatolini Denise , Ghiglieno Filippo , Saraiva Antonio Mauro
Published: January 2023

The decision-making of complex problems, such as epidemics monitoring and control, involves multiple heterogeneous data and spatial and temporal aspects. Most problems cannot be reduced to one objective, characterized as multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) problems. Adding temporal and spatial aspects further increases the complexity of addressing those problems. This paper proposed a framework that uses evolutionary algorithms and map algebra for addressing spatial and temporal multidimensional complex problems. It was evaluated in a case study of dengue and tuberculosis diseases in an urban environment, considering multi-resolution data and a genetic algorithm. Several analyses were conducted, generating maps and information essential to generate insights into the problem and a better understanding of the spatial relations between the variables. The framework and the code implemented could be applied to different problems, spatial resolutions, and objectives.
A Conceptual History: Historical Sociological Analysis of Unipolarity in Structural Realist Literature
Authors: SARI KARADEMİR Burcu
Published: January 2023

Unipolarity has been taken for granted and remains unquestioned in the International Relations literature. This article provides the conceptual history of unipolarity by bringing an immanent critique. It shows the evolution of unipolarity literature in the absence of counterbalancing in four stages. It focuses on the use of history in structural realism and brings a historical sociological perspective to the literature to show how tempocentric theorizing impaired the understanding of unipolarity as a distinct structure. The article concludes by underlying the importance of noticing the cost of reification of concepts for theorizing and by highlighting that unipolarity is still understudied both theoretically and methodologically.
Applications of machine learning to mineral physics data and the inference of the thermochemical structure of the Earth's mantle.
Authors:   , Rijal Ashim
Published: January 2023

The physical and chemical properties of the Earth’s mantle govern the cause of natural disasters, such as earthquakes and volcanoes. Since we do not have direct access to mantle materials, their properties are often inferred from laboratory measurements and surface observations (e.g. seismic data from earthquake recordings). This thesis addresses some key problems we face while utilising these data to constrain the thermal and chemical properties of the mantle.

Firstly, we propose a data-driven approach based on machine learning to explain the laboratory measurements and quantify their uncertainties in the absence of an adequate physical model. Our results show that although conventional approaches based on fitting the measurements to an assumed model may appear better constrained, they could potentially provide biased results. Secondly, we use the data-driven approach to explore which thermochemical parameters can be constrained (and to what extent) with limited seismic observables- wave speeds and density. Our results show that these observables constrain temperature and major chemical parameters (silicon, magnesium, and iron), and they indicate the presence of thermochemical heterogeneities at the lowermost mantle. The dense and slow piles at the bottom of the lower mantle seen in seismic data can be explained by an enrichment in silica and iron content- characteristic feature of enstatite chondrites. The inferred heterogeneities have profound implications for the dynamics of the mantle and outer core. The methodology developed in this thesis is extremely efficient. It can easily incorporate additional observables and thus, has wide applications in the seismology and mineral physics community.
SIGNIFICANCE OF EVALUATION IN ART EDUCATION IN THE PROCESS OF PARTICIPANT’S SELF-EXPRESSION
Authors: VALACHOVÁ DANIELA , ŠEVČOVIČ MARTIN , KOVÁČOVÁ BARBORA , BERGEROVÁ XÉNIA
Published: January 2023

The paper analyzes the possibilities of Art Education evaluation at primary schools. Art Education gives pupils opportunity to express themselves through art. Evaluation processes is a possibility to diagnose and evaluate the process of art making and the final product. The paper presents an analysis and interpretation of different forms of art evaluation in the context of expressive stimuli.
THE IMPACT OF DISTANCE LEARNING ON YOUNG PEOPLE'S SKILLS ACQUISITION
Authors: GRENČIKOVÁ ADRIANA , ŠPANKOVÁ JANA , NAVICKAS VALENTINAS , RIGÓ RICHARD
Published: January 2023

Various factors influence the success of distance education. One of these factors is student satisfaction with distance education, so the authors focused on distance education to analyse the negative impacts on young people's skills. The research was conducted among 202 students, random sampling method was used in the study. Descriptive statistics was used to analyze the research data. As a result of the research, it was found that the school system in Slovakia was not sufficiently prepared for distance learning.The quality of distance education in Slovakia has not reached the same level as the face-to-face form of education. Students see disadvantages in low social contact, communication skills, but see an advantage in the flexibility of education.
New Locations of Some Plant Species in the Mountain Part of Yardimli, Lerik and Astara Districts (Azerbaijan)
Authors: Aslanova S.
Published: January 2023

During the ecological phytocenological research conducted in 2020-2021 eleven new species of plants distributed in the ecosystems of mountain part of Yardimli, Lerik and Astara Districts (Azerbaijan) was found. In the current ecological phytocenological research of the Lenkoran mountain and when studying herbarium collections on Poaceae, the new sites of kinds from Festuca — F. picta Kit. and Avena — A. persica Steud.; Apiaceae — Chaerophyllum — Ch. bulbosum L., Johrenia paucijuga (DC.) Bornm., Plantaginaceae — Plantago — P. media L.; Asteraceae — Cirsium — Cirsium horridum (Adams) Petr. Centaurea salicifolia M. Bieb., 1803; Caryophyllaceae — Cerastiumarvense L; Brassicaceae — Arabis auriculata Lam.; Crassulaceae — Rosularia persica (Boiss.) Berger and Cistaceae — Helianthemum salicifolium (L.) Mill. which are kept in herbarium fund of Botany Department in Baku State University, were found out.
Botanical-Geographical Characteristic of Lichens and Mosses of Korchay State Nature Reserve
Authors: Alekbarov F.
Published: January 2023

The geographical analysis shows that the mosses flora of the Korchay State Nature Reserve was not genetically homogeneous but was composed of various geographical elements included in different botanical-geographic regions. The mosses flora as a whole is boreal — 39.5%, arid — 23.7%. Euryholarctic — 15.8% and mountain species — 10.5% play a certain role in the flora. The flora of lichenes has a nemoral-continental character as a whole. Boreal — 14.0%, euryholarctic — 10.7% and hypoarctomontane — 10.7% species also play a significant role in the flora.
Use of Microbiological Preparations in the Fight Against Tetranychus urticae Koch on Roses, in the Conditions of the Protected Ground of the Tashkent Region
Authors: Khasanov S. , Muminov R.
Published: January 2023

Presents data on the effect, under protected ground conditions of the Tashkent region, on the number of spider mites (Tetranychus urticae Koch) on roses, safe preparations for the environment. Microbiological preparations were used: Bitoxibacillin P, Bioslip BV, Bioslip BT, bioinsecticide Fitoverm 5% a. e. As a result, the best biological efficiency was in the variant when using Fitoverm 5% a. e., at consumption rate of 0.8 l/ha and ranged from 84.7% to 85.9%. In order to increase the effectiveness of the fight to reduce the number of spider mites (T. urticae), applied combined options: Fitoverm 5% a. e. 0.4 l/ha + Bitoxibacillin P 2 l/ha, and Fitoverm 5% a. e. 0.8 l/ha + Bitoxibacillin P 3 l/ha, where biological efficiency was obtained in the Fitoverm variant 5% a. e. 0.8 l/ha + Bitoxibacillin P 3 l/ha, up to 98.2% already on the third day and 98.6% lasted until the 14th day of observations.
Development of a Sanitary Udders Care Regimen to Prevent Bovine Mastitis
Authors: Ismailov V.
Published: January 2023

The paper provides information on the use of the drug Monclavit-1. To determine the toxicity of the drug on the skin of the udders of cows, we studied the effect of different percentages on the skin of rabbits. As a result, it was found that the drug does not have a toxic effect. At the next stage, the drug was applied in the farms of the livestock complex R-Agro, Imishli district of Azerbaijan. A control examination was carried out to check the teats of the udders of cows of several barns to identify the number of animals predisposed to mastitis. The effectiveness of the drug of various concentrations was determined. In the process of testing, it was determined that the Monclavit-1 solution neutralizes microorganisms on the skin after a certain time after the sanitization of the udders. It has been established that Monklavit-1 has no toxic or allergic effect on the skin of cows’ udders teats. As a result of the research, a solution of the Monclavit-1 preparation was recommended for sanitizing the udders and teats for preventive measures and the prevention of bovine mastitis.
Vegetative Disorders in Medical Practice
Authors: Yusupov F. , Yuldashev A.
Published: January 2023

Vegetative disorders are one of the urgent problems of modern medicine. This is due to several factors, and above all - the huge prevalence - of vegetative disorders, including among people who consider themselves practically healthy. The role of the autonomic nervous system in pathology stands out even more clearly. There are practically no such diseases in the development and course of which the autonomic nervous system would not play a role. Another feature of vegetative pathology is that it rarely acts as an independent disease. In some cases, it is a significant factor in pathogenesis, in others it occurs secondary in response to damage to any systems and tissues of the body. The review provides anatomy, physiology of the autonomic nervous system, the main factors leading to the development of autonomic disorders, the principles of classification of autonomic disorders, key points and diagnostic algorithms for autonomic disorders, as well as the principles of treatment.
Anemic Syndrome in Children in the Children’s Regional Hospital
Authors: Glebova T.
Published: January 2023

The study of a general blood test determining the nature of anemic syndrome in young children (0-12 years old) and children (3-6 years old) with infectious processes in the infectious department of the Penza Regional Children's Hospital was carried out. In the study, 4 groups were identified according to blood parameters in the age group 0-12 years. The study of the indicators of the general blood test showed that the first group cannot be attributed to the manifestations of severe anemia syndrome. In the second – normochromic, normocytic anemia syndrome. The third group had a manifestation of anemic normochromic, normocytic syndrome. In children in the fourth group, microcytosis of erythrocytes, anisocytosis, poikilocytosis and hypochromia were detected in blood smears. The data of the general blood test indicated the presence of concomitant anemia microcytic, hypochromic syndrome in children. And in children in the age group of 3-6 years, only in 25.8% of cases, the manifestation of anemic syndrome was found in the test’s of 1010 children. In children, the revealed anemic syndrome corresponded to the normochromic, normocytic process. Based on the data obtained, it can be concluded that young children (0-12 years old) and aged 3-6 years who are being treated for the underlying disease have concomitant anemia syndromes in most cases of normochromic, normocytic and in a minority of cases of hypochromic, microcytic nature.
Improvement of Personnel Policy in the Tax Inspectorate
Authors: Pleshakova G. , Kakadiy I.
Published: January 2023

Discusses the features of personnel policy in the system of state and municipal service in the tax inspectorate. The purpose, tasks, and directions of improvement of personnel work in the tax inspectorate are given. The personnel work of the tax inspectorate is to improve the approach to attracting young professionals, as well as the creation and development of the information environment.
Psychological Image of the Future in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Chernova D.
Published: January 2023

The author of the article has studied and analyzed issues related to the formation of a psychological image of the future in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The purpose of the study is an attempt to study and form an image of the future in children with ASD. The object of the study is the psychological image of the future in children with ASD. The subject of the study is the specifics of the image of the future in children with ASD. The hypothesis of the study: the content of the image of the future of younger schoolchildren with ASD in the phenomenological study demonstrates the following features: fuzziness, ambiguity, complexity of spontaneous actualization of ideas about oneself in the future, as well as the unformed epoch-time perspective. The main methods for conducting the study were the method of: analysis, observation, experimental method. The author of the article emphasizes the importance of using an integrated approach to the study of the problems of forming a psychological image of the future in children with ASD. The concept of ‘autism’ is defined. The main problems in the work are considered.
Methods of Teaching Preschool Children Using Health-saving Technologies
Authors: Koshalieva S.
Published: January 2023

Caring for the upbringing of a healthy child is a priority in the work of any preschool institution. A healthy and developed child has good body resistance to harmful environmental factors and resistance to fatigue, is socially and physiologically adapted. In preschool childhood, the foundation of a child’s health is laid, his intensive growth and development takes place, basic movements, posture, as well as the necessary skills and habits are formed, basic physical qualities are acquired, character traits are developed, without which a healthy lifestyle is impossible. We have all heard about the need for a healthy lifestyle, especially for children. But what is included in this concept, and how should loving parents act in order to raise their child healthy, to teach him from childhood to the right way of life?
On the Traditional Carpets of Kyrgyzstan Southern Regions
Authors: Satybaldieva Ch. , Tagaibekova A. , Syracheva B.
Published: January 2023

This article examines the woven carpet as an excellent resource for studying trends in material culture. Technological aspects of carpet making, and the semiotic significance of decorative complexes are among the priority issues for research. As an inseparable part of traditional material and spiritual culture, folk-decorative applied art, which is connected with the applied and at the same time aesthetic development of the objective world, occupies a leading place. Carpet weaving is noted as a form of artistic expression of ethnic groups in applied arts. Analysis of the processes and phenomena occurring in each individual cultural component is a necessary condition for restoring a unified picture of the development trend and state of the culture of the society as a whole.
Ultrasound assessment of the state of the masticatory muscles in patients with injuries of the lower jaw with various methods of surgical treatment
Authors: Eremin D. A. , Pakhomova E. S. , Khelminskaya N. M. , Martirosov A. V. , Gureshidze M. A. , Techiev S. K. , Nikolskaya I. A.
Published: January 2023

Summary. The paper presents a comparative analysis of the results of ultrasound examination of the masticatory muscles proper in patients with fractures of the branch and articular process of the lower jaw at various stages of treatment using the endoscopic method and traditional osteosynthesis.Research objective. To assess the morphological state of the masticatory muscles in patients with a fracture of the branch and articular process of the lower jaw using the endoscopic method and traditional osteosynthesis using ultrasound technologies.Resources and Methods. The results of ultrasound examination of the masticatory muscles in 82 patients with a fracture of the branch and articular process of the lower jaw, hospitalized in N.I. Pirogov State Clinical Hospital No. 1 for 2021, were analyzed.Research results. Based on the results of an ultrasound examination of patients aged 19 to 40 years with a mandibular fracture, it was found that the use of intraoral access using endoscopic technologies contributes to an earlier normalization of the morphological state of the masticatory muscles proper compared to traditional osteosynthesis.
Methods for experimental monitoring of tissue vascularization
Authors: Guseynov N. A. , Ivashkevich S. G. , Bopkhoev S. V. , Stomatov D. V. , Boyko E. M. , Noeerazlighi M. A.
Published: January 2023

Microcirculation plays a decisive role in the metabolism processes between blood and tissue in both physiological and pathological conditions of the body. The analysis of changes in microcirculation provides a unique perspective for studying processes at the micro- and macrolevels in clinical and experimental medicine, including diseases in the maxillofacial region. Despite the critical role of microcirculation in many oral diseases, direct imaging and quantification of tissue microcirculation is currently limited. Scientific interest in microcirculatory monitoring is growing with the advent of new physical diagnostic methods. To date, there are many methods for assessing microcirculation. The purpose of this literature review is to show the positive and negative aspects of using various methods for monitoring microcirculation. The scientific literature was searched in the PubMed and Elibrary databases. As a result, the main shortcomings of various monitoring methods were emphasized, as well as what prospects for study and modification are possible today.
Uso sustentable de los recursos naturales de la reserva ecológica del Tentzo en el municipio de San Juan Atzompa, Puebla
Authors: Ayon Donaldo Barrales , Torres Fidel García , Olmos Claudia Domínguez , Roldán y Tovar Edgardo , Regules Behetzaida Martínez , Ramos Rosalina Lezama Ramos
Published: January 2023

El municipio de San Juan Atzompa se encuentra ubicado dentro de la zona de la reserva estatal Sierra del Tentzo la cual fue declarada área natural protegida, con 57 mil 815 hectáreas en 13 municipios del estado de Puebla, dicha reserva alberga un gran número de especies animales y vegetales, endémicas y de importancia económica para sus habitantes; de ahí la importancia del aprovechamiento de los recursos naturales de manera sustentable mediante la propuesta de un servicio de ecoturismo el cual sea proporcionado por los habitantes del municipio de San Juan Atzompa y sirva de apoyo en la preservación del  valor biológico, social, cultural y económico de la zona.
Mental health and criminalization of abortion: emotional experiences in restrictive scenarios
Authors: Barretto Raquel Silva , Figueiredo Ana Elisa Bastos
Published: January 2023

This article brings together the central results of an investigation, carried out since 2017. Through an online questionnaire, linked in virtual groups during the period of June - August 2019, it was possible to understand the emotional issues of 55 Brazilian women, who interrupted voluntarily at least one pregnancy. Respondents highlighted depression, anxiety, guilt and shame as present suffering, however, most reported feeling relief from the experience. The narratives were worked on by Discourse Analysis, which enabled discussions in the fields of psychoanalysis and social sciences. The investigation reinforced previously found results, given that suffering is more linked to criminalization than to the interruption and, each woman will re-signify the experience in a unique way. In addition, qualified listening was rated as fundamental in the decision and reframing process.
Jóvenes en México y sus retos en tiempos de pandemia
Authors: Reyna-Bernal Angélica Elizabeth , Dettmer-González Jorge Alberto
Published: January 2023

México es reconocido como un país de jóvenes. Sin embargo, la construcción social del concepto “juventud” ha evolucionado en las últimas décadas, así como sus características y problemáticas sociales. El objetivo del trabajo es analizar algunas de las características demográficas, educativas y laborales de los jóvenes en México, así como los retos que enfrentan en estas dimensiones a partir de la pandemia provocada por la COVID-19. El artículo parte de una perspectiva sociológica y demográfica, y utiliza una metodología mixta considerando el análisis documental relativo a los conceptos principales en torno a la problemática y el análisis demográfico de los datos estadísticos de los censos de población del INEGI, la Encuesta Nacional de Juventud y otras fuentes estadísticas, considerando las implicaciones de la situación de pandemia en México. Como conclusión, se identifican los principales retos para el empleo de los jóvenes que se presentan ante la pandemia en México. El análisis de la situación de los jóvenes cobrará cada vez mayor relevancia en el diseño e implementación de políticas públicas que coadyuven a la generación de oportunidades para la juventud mexicana.
Estudo espectroscópico e colorimétrico do corante amarelo usado em impressora a jato de tinta
Authors: Filho Hiram da Costa Araujo , Catão Alexandre Alves , Ragozzino Maria , Garcez Nathalia Moura de Carvalho , Valladão Renan Cabrita
Published: January 2023

A colorimetria é uma ciência ou tecnologia que quantifica e descreve as percepções da cor. As metodologias analíticas desenvolvidas para extrair informações químicas com base na Colorimetria de Imagem Digital (DIC do inglês Digital Image Colorimetry) têm se destacado nos últimos anos. Essas abordagens fornecem resultados com rapidez, precisão e baixo custo, pois são baseadas na obtenção de dados colorimétricos (RGB, CMYK, CIE L*a*b*, CIE L*C*H*, dentre outros) a partir de equipamentos simples. Neste trabalho, os dados espectrais de soluções do corante amarelo usado em impressora a jato de tinta serão correlacionados com dados da análise colorimétrica com o intuito de auxiliar na compreensão e interpretação dos espectros na faixa do visível e dos principais modelos de espaço de cor.
Levantamento sazonal da contaminação por ovos de Helmintos em areia de praça pública e de escolas municipais de educação infantil de Jaru, Rondônia, Brasil
Authors: Elizeu Gislaine de Oliveira , Netto Maria Angelica Vieira , Araujo Naiara Pereira de , Franco Rute Witter
Published: January 2023

Os helmintos são endoparasitos que possuem dependência metabólica de outro ser vivo e, ao entrarem em contato com o hospedeiro, ocasionam doenças infecciosas. Dentre as infecções, existem aquelas causadas pelos chamados geohelmintos, que são adquiridas pela ingestão de ovos infectantes em solo contaminado ou hospedeiros de transporte infectados. As praças e caixas de areia em escolas são ambientes favoráveis para veiculação e desenvolvimento de ovos e larvas de helmintos, pois alguns animais conseguem ter acesso a esses ambientes, e muitas vezes a origem da areia não é levado em consideração. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a presença de parasitos em caixas de areia de um parque público e de oito escolas municipais de Jaru, Rondônia, e se existe sazonalidade. Para isso, 72 amostras foram analisadas pelas técnicas de Willis-Mollay e Faust em dezembro de 2021 e junho de 2022. A taxa de infecção no verão foi de 30,55% (11/36) pelo método de Faust e 11,11% (4/36) pelo método de Willis-Mollay. Já no inverno, a taxa de infecção foi de 0% (0/36) pelo método de Faust e 2,77% (1/36) pelo método de Willis-Mollay. Os gêneros encontrados foram 66,7% para Toxocara spp., 13,3% para Ancylostoma spp. e 20% para Trichuris spp. e apenas uma amostra positiva para Trichostrongylus spp.. Essas informações são importantes para a implantação de ações de conscientização sanitária à população exposta.
Desdobramentos dos conselhos de Ellen G. White sobre educação para a contextualização missionária
Authors: Soares Marcelo Reis , Leite Marianna Gerardo Hidalgo Jorge , Dias Marcelo Eduardo da Costa
Published: January 2023

Os conselhos de Ellen White são relevantes para educação cristã até os dias de hoje, principalmente no meio adventista do sétimo dia (ASD). Esta contribuição é visível pela quantidade e aplicabilidade dos seus materiais sobre educação. Devido ao distanciamento histórico e cultural é importante fomentar reflexões acerca de seus escritos e sobre como suas orientações podem ser aplicadas de forma relevante no contexto atual, especialmente nas iniciativas missionárias. O objetivo desta pesquisa é considerar os desdobramentos dos conselhos de White sobre educação em relação ao princípio da contextualização missionária. Isso se dá através do entendimento sobre a relação entre educação e salvação, suas orientações sobre práticas contextualizadas na educação e as implicações para a contextualização missionária. Finalmente, aponta-se maneiras práticas de contextualização em ambos os processos, educativos e evangelísticos, a fim, de ter iniciativas que refletem os conselhos de White.
Driving forces of CO2 Emissions based on impulse response function and variance decomposition: A case of the main African countries
Authors: Jakada Aminu Hassan , Mahmood Suraya , Ahmad Ali Umar , Muhammad Ibrahim Garba , Danmaraya Ismail Aliyu , Yahaya Nura Sani
Published: January 2023

Background: The need to understand the causes of CO2 emissions has prompted the formulation of strategies to prevent global warming. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to determine the input variable that is the most influential in contributing to CO2 emissions and at the same time to forecast the effect of a shock in macroeconomic variables on CO2 emissions for 6 leading African countries over the period of 1970 to 2019. Methods: In this study, the statistical methods of impulse response function and variance decomposition techniques of analysis were used. Results: A one-standard-deviation rise in economic growth leads to an increase in CO2 emissions. A shifts in the square of economic growth increased CO2 emissions, the shock was smaller than that of economic growth. This confirms the theory of environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) in Africa. A shocks to FDI had a positive influence on CO2 emissions. A one standard deviation shock in financial development had an instantaneous positive impact on CO2 emissions. FDI had a greater effect than other factors in explaining CO2 emissions over the short and medium term. In the long run, economic growth contributes the most to CO2 emissions among the explanatory variables. Conclusion: The findings of the study can be used as a reference for international organizations and environmental policymakers in forecasting climate change and assisting in policy decision-making. Africa must boost economic growth through industrial, agricultural, and energy usage patterns and integrate innovation, research, and technology advances into their developmental agenda to fulfil sustainable development goals while lowering CO2 emissions and their consequences.
The effect of the use of disinfectants during COVID-19 pandemic on the bacterial contamination of dental unit waterlines
Authors: Jaafarzadeh Haghighi Fard Neematollah , Jorfi Sahand , Panahi Fard Masoud , Ardashir Zadeh Maneli
Published: January 2023

Background: The emergence and spread of SARS-CoV-2 has increased environmental disinfectant usage to reduce the transmission of this virus. Ethanol 70%-90% and 5% sodium hypochlorite have the highest consumption for disinfection of various environmental surfaces during the COVID-19 pandemic. Dental unit waterlines (DUWLs) are more susceptible to microbial contamination due to their particular structure. This study aimed to investigate the effect of increasing the use of disinfectants during the COVID-19 pandemic on the bacterial contamination of DUWLs. Methods: During November (before the COVID-19 pandemic) and December (during the COVID-19 pandemic), a questionnaire was used to assess the frequency of disinfection of unit surfaces and other environmental surfaces and the type of disinfectants used. The water samples were collected from different parts of DUWLs. The gram staining method followed by the biochemical method was used to identify the desired bacteria. Results: The results showed that the frequency of disinfection of dental units increased 8 times in December compared to November. There is a significant inverse relationship between the frequency of disinfection of dental units surfaces and the bacterial contamination of DUWLs. Conclusion: The microbial load in different parts of the DUWLs was less than 200 CFU/mL. The American Dental Association (ADA) recommended and indicated the allowable microbial concentration and the appropriate quality and water used in these units.
Effects of operational parameters on methyl tert-butyl ether removal by permeable reactive barrier from polluted waters
Authors: Ghayurdoost Farhad , Assadi Ali , Mehrasbi Mohammad Reza
Published: January 2023

Background: Recalcitrant organics remediation from water resources continues to be a significant environmental problem and there is a continued effort to demonstrate practicable and economical treatment options for pollution removal. Methods: In this study, the efficiency of the permeable reactive barrier (PRB) in a column reactor using zero-valent iron (ZVI) particles and sand mixture in the removal of methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) from aquatic phases was investigated. The system performance was MTBE removal while initial pH, reaction time, pollutant content, catalyst load, hydraulic loading rate (HLR), and the reaction rate constant were independent variables. Results: The results showed that the process efficiency decreased by increasing pH, HLR, and pollutant concentration. In this case, the optimal conditions were obtained at pH=7, HLR=0.23 m3 /m2 ·d, and C0=1 mg/L, which achieved a remarkable removal efficiency up to 90.32%. The high nitrate concentrations and hardness as intervening factors reduced process efficiency to less than 44.61 and 51.4%, respectively. The lack of interfering factors had a considerable effect on the reaction rate of MTBE reduction, which is approximately 2.65 and 4.11 times higher than that in the presence of calcium hardness and nitrate, respectively. Conclusion: The PRB technology can be suggested as a reliable and robust system to remediate groundwater containing hydrocarbons based on filling media and hydraulic conditions.
An integrated approach to optimization of fermentation conditions for bioethanol production from local leftover Injera waste using central composite design
Authors: Bayu Abreham Bekele , Akuma Desalegn Abdissa , Hundie Ketema Beyecha
Published: January 2023

Background: Bioconversion of lignocelluloses to biofuel from cheap non-edible materials such as local leftover Injera waste for renewable energy is very important and minimizes environmental pollution. Local leftover Injera is an abundant, inexpensive, reusable waste to the environment, containing a sufficient amount of carbohydrate material, which is the best source of fermentable sugars. Methods: In this study, local leftover Injera was treated followed by drying, acidic hydrolysis, and alcoholic fermentation. Besides, the optimization of the fermentation process was done using a central composite box Behnken design. The process included physical and chemical pre-treatment of biomass, which was then followed by acid hydrolysis as a potential step. The scarification and fermentation methods were analyzed to acquire the maximum yield of ethanol. The local leftover Injera waste was pretreated with sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide solutions. The effect of temperature, substrate concentration, as well pH on bioethanol production was optimized and studied. The optimization process was performed under special condition (temperature=25-40°C, pH=3-5, and substrate concentration=50-200 mg/L). Results: The maximum product of ethanol was achieved at a temperature of 32.718°C, substrate concentration of 125 g/L, and a pH of 4 with a maximum ethanol yield of 42.598%. Conclusion: According to the results, the optimum fermentation conditions for bioethanol production from local leftover Injera waste are the points where the maximum product of ethanol was achieved at a temperature of 32.718°C, substrate concentration of 125 g/L, and a pH of 4.
Detection of Helicobacter pylori genes (CagA and VacA) in municipal drinking water
Authors: Gholami-Borujeni Fathollah , Rahimi Hamzeh , Sajjadi Seyed Mehdi
Published: January 2023

Background: Helicobacter pylori is classified as a carcinogen, and it is also the most common cause of chronic bacterial infection and peptic ulcers. Approximately 45% of people are infected with the bacterium. Methods: In this study, the H. pylori genes, CagA and VacA, were investigated in drinking water, using 100 samples (50 samples from the municipal water supply and 50 samples from the effluent of household water treatment devices). DNA was extracted from colonies with a positive heterotrophic plate count (HPC) for use in molecular testing and microbial identification. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to identify H. pylori. Results: The study showed that 24% of urban water samples (12% above the World Health Organization [WHO] standards for safe drinking water) and 18% of home water treatment-device samples (4% above the WHO standards) were HPC-positive. The H. pylori genes, CagA and VacA, were identified in 2% of the samples from household water treatment devices and 8% of the municipal water supply samples. Conclusion: The study findings show that H. pylori may be transmitted in drinking water. However, there is currently no strong evidence that the bacteria can survive after the disinfection process in the water supply system. Therefore, the health risks of this bacterium in drinking water are still unknown.
Investigation, biokinetic calculation, and modelling of a real combined industrial wastewater biological treatment process by activated sludge models
Authors: Bina Bijan , Nikzad Nasim , Ghodsi Soudabeh , Momeni Seyed Alireza , Movahedian Attar Hossein , Janati Mahsa , Mohammadi Farzaneh
Published: January 2023

Background: Treatment of combined industrial wastewater from industrial parks is one of the most complex and difficult wastewater treatment processes. Also, the accuracy of biological models for the prediction of the performance of these processes has not been sufficiently evaluated. Therefore, in this study, the International Association on Water Quality (IAWQ(-Activated Sludge Model No. 1 (ASM1) was implemented for the Jey industrial park in Isfahan province, Iran. Methods: The Jey IPWWTP process is a combination of anaerobic and aerobic biological processes. To evaluate the overall performance of IPWWTP, organic compounds, suspended solids, nutrients, attached biomass, and some operating parameters were measured during 6 months. Then, the biokinetic coefficients of aerobic processes were determined using Monod equations. Finally, the aerobic processes were modeled using ASM1 implemented in STOAT software. Results: The values of the biokinetic coefficients K, Y, Ks, Kd, and µmax were calculated as 2.7d- , 0.34 mg VSS/mg COD, 133.36 mg/L COD, 0.03d- , and 0.93d- , respectively. Based on the default coefficients and conditions of the ASM model, the difference between the experiments and model prediction was about 2 to 98%. After calibrating the ASM model, the difference between the experiments and prediction in all parameters was reduced to less than 10%. Conclusion: Investigations showed that the default coefficients and operation conditions of the ASM1 model do not have good predictability for complex industrial wastewaters and the outputs show a low accuracy compared to the experiments. After calibrating the kinetic coefficients and operating conditions, the model performance is acceptable and the predictions show a good agreement with the experiments.
Performance evaluation of adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system for modelling dissolved oxygen of Kubanni Reservoir: A case study in Zaria, Nigeria
Authors: Chukwuemeka Eneogwe , Mohammed Sanni Ismaila , Umar Abubakar Alfa , Abraham Idoko Apeh , Ayobami Bello Abdulrazaq
Published: January 2023

Background: Water quality evaluation require arduous laboratory and statistical analyses comprising of sample collection and sometimes transportation to laboratories, which may be expensive. In recent years, there has been an emergent need to monitor the dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations of Kubanni reservoir as a result of anthropogenic and agricultural pollution. Hence, this study was conducted to apply adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS)-based modelling in the prediction of DO of Kubanni reservoir. Methods: Water quality data for seven years were used to develop ANFIS models. Six water quality parameters, namely, total dissolved solids, free carbon dioxide, turbidity, temperature, manganese, and electrical conductivity, were selected for analysis based on their sensitivity. Subtractive clustering and grid partitioning techniques were considered when generating the fuzzy inference system (FIS). Three ANFIS models according to different lengths for training data and testing data were selected for modelling. Results: The results showed that Model-1 gave the best correlation (R-squared and adjusted R-squared of 0.852503 and 0.845000, respectively) for whole data using six input variables. While Model-3 gave the best correlation (R-squared and adjusted R-squared of 0.807791 and 0.799940, respectively) for whole data using three input variables. Conclusion: The performance efficiency of ANFIS model 1 using 6 inputs shows that the model is reliable for modelling water quality.
Investigation of toxicity of TiO2 nanoparticles on glioblastoma and neuroblastoma as the most widely used nanoparticles in photocatalytic processes
Authors: Kazemi Fahimeh , Esmaeeli Marzie , Mohammadzadehjahani Peyman , Amiri Mahnaz , Vosough Parisa , Ahmadi-Zeidabadi Meysam
Published: January 2023

Background: Titanium dioxide (TiO2 ) nanoparticles (NPs) are among the most important and usable photocatalysts. Recently, the biological properties of these NPs, particularly, its anticancer activity, have been considered. Glioblastoma and neuroblastoma are two fatal brain tumors with a high mortality rate in humans, the hope for treatment of which is weak by the common methods. Methods: In this study, the cytotoxicity effects of TiO2 alone and in combination with ultraviolet A (UVA) irradiation on two different cell lines, neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) and glioblastoma U87, were investigated. After administration of 10, 50, 100, and 500 μg/mL TiO2 , 0.043 and 1.4 mW/cm2 UVA irradiation, cell viability was investigated after 4, 24, and 48 hours by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5- diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Results: MTT assay and light microscope demonstrated that the effect of TiO2 NPs varied based on the dose of the substance, the impact time, the cell type, and the amount of radiation. In this study, for NPs alone, both toxicity and non-toxicity of the substance were observed. For NPs in the presence of UV, based on the comparison with its status alone and the difference in the viability assay of the two groups, both the photocatalytic and the coating effect of the NPs were observed. Conclusion: According to the results, different concentrations of TiO2 can be used for different purposes. Low concentrations of TiO2 can be used to increase the efficiency of photodynamic therapy and high concentrations of TiO2 can be used to protect the normal cell. This strategy improves the photodynamic therapy and reduces the harmful effects.
Treatment of tofu liquid waste using anaerobic-aerobic biofilm aeration system to reduce pollution
Authors: Zunidra Zunidra , Sondang Sondang , Supriatna Supriatna
Published: January 2023

Background: Tofu derived from processed soybeans is popular among the public, but its production has an unfavourable effect. After all, it produces liquid waste that causes quite high pollution because it contains quite high organic components. The present study aimed to reduce the content of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and ammonia (NH3) in the liquid waste of a tofu factory. The scope of this research is limited to reducing the content of BOD, COD, and NH3 using an anaerobic-aerobic biofilm aeration system. Methods: This is an experimental study with a pre-post test only design and one group post-test design. The study population in this study is the tofu industry, and the sample in this study is partly water from the tofu waste. Sample examination was carried out at the Regional Health Laboratory of Jambi province, Indonesia. Results: The results showed a decrease in BOD, COD, and NH3 after passing through a tofu waste treatment machine using anaerobic and aerobic biofilms with BOD, COD, and ammonia values of 64.6%, 49.6%, and 79.8%, respectively. Tofu waste treatment using anaerobic and aerobic biofilms can lower the temperature and increase the pH of the waste. Conclusion: On the surface of the bioball used, the growth of the biofilm was found, and to increase the ability of the equipment, an initial treatment, such as filtration and sedimentation of waste, and reducing acidity with the help of quicklime was needed.