bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
E
adwine
P
salter
Authors: Hussey Matthew T.
Published: June 2017

The “Eadwine Psalter” is a twelfth‐century manuscript copy of three versions of the psalms with an extensive apparatus of Latin exegetic glossing as well as Old English and Anglo‐Norman French interlinear glosses, with each psalm lavishly illustrated and illuminated. The manuscript's textual, artistic, and linguistic complexity reveals the diverse and deep resources of Canterbury in the evolving culture of twelfth‐century Britain.
Hot Rectangular Extrusion Textures of Six Mg‐Alloys Via Neutron Diffraction
Authors: Brokmeier Heinz‐Günter
Published: June 2017

Due to the high quality and statistics utilizing neutron diffraction for texture analyses, the crystallographic texture variation of six Mg‐alloys is described in detail (AM20–AZ31–AZ61–AZ91–ZC71–WE43). More or less in all cases, the crystallographic texture is composed of some ideal texture components such as {0001} <10–10> and {10–10} <11–20> and fiber components such as <0001> // ND and <10–10> // ED. There is a dependency of the existence and texture sharpness of texture components with alloying elements such as the amount of Al. ZC71 is special with one dominating texture component {10–10} <11–20>. WE43 shows the split of the central pole in the basal pole figure but texture components are identical to other alloys without the tilt.
Fabrication of Millimeter‐Long Carbon Tubular Nanostructures Using the Self‐Rolling Process Inherent in Elastic Protein Layers
Authors: Ko Hyojin , Deravi Leila F. , Park Sung‐Jin , Jang Jingon , Lee Takhee , Kang Cheong , Lee Jin Seok , Parker Kevin Kit , Shin Kwanwoo
Published: June 2017

Millimeter‐long conducting fibers can be fabricated from carbon nanomaterials via a simple method involving the release of a prestrained protein layer. This study shows how a self‐rolling process initiated by polymerization of a micropatterned layer of fibronectin (FN) results in the production of carbon nanomaterial‐based microtubular fibers. The process begins with deposition of carbon nanotube (CNT) or graphene oxide (GO) particles on the FN layer. Before polymerization, particles are discrete and nonconducting, but after polymerization the carbon materials become entangled to form an interconnected conducting network clad by FN. Selective removal of FN using high‐temperature combustion yields freestanding CNT or reduced GO microtubular fibers. The properties of these fibers are characterized using atomic force microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. The data suggest that this method may provide a ready route to rapid design and fabrication of aligned biohybrid nanomaterials potentially useful for future electronic applications.
Scalable Synthesis of 2D Si Nanosheets
Authors: Lang Jialiang , Ding Bin , Zhang Shuai , Su Hanxiao , Ge Binghui , Qi Longhao , Gao Huajian , Li Xiaoyan , Li Qunyang , Wu Hui
Published: June 2017

2D Si nanomaterials have attracted tremendous attention due to their novel properties and a wide range of potential applications from electronic devices to energy storage and conversion. However, high‐quality and large‐scale fabrication of 2D Si remains challenging. This study reports a room‐temperature and one‐step synthesis technique that leads to large‐scale and low‐cost production of Si nanosheets (SiNSs) with thickness ≈4 nm and lateral size of several micrometers, based on the intrinsic delithiation process of chemically leaching lithium from the Li13Si4 alloy. Together with experimental results, a combination of theoretical modeling and atomistic simulations indicates that the formation of single SiNS arises from spontaneous delamination of nanosheets from their substrate due to delithiation‐induced mismatch. Subsequently, the synthesized Si nanosheets evolve from amorphous to nanocrystalline to crystalline structures during annealing at different temperatures. It is demonstrated that these SiNSs possess unique mechanical properties, in particular ultralow friction, in contrast to their bulk counterparts.
Thread‐Like CMOS Logic Circuits Enabled by Reel‐Processed Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotube Transistors via Selective Doping
Authors: Heo Jae Sang , Kim Taehoon , Ban Seok‐Gyu , Kim Daesik , Lee Jun Ho , Jur Jesse S. , Kim Myung‐Gil , Kim Yong‐Hoon , Hong Yongtaek , Park Sung Kyu
Published: June 2017

The realization of large‐area electronics with full integration of 1D thread‐like devices may open up a new era for ultraflexible and human adaptable electronic systems because of their potential advantages in demonstrating scalable complex circuitry by a simply integrated weaving technology. More importantly, the thread‐like fiber electronic devices can be achieved using a simple reel‐to‐reel process, which is strongly required for low‐cost and scalable manufacturing technology. Here, high‐performance reel‐processed complementary metal‐oxide‐semiconductor (CMOS) integrated circuits are reported on 1D fiber substrates by using selectively chemical‐doped single‐walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) transistors. With the introduction of selective n‐type doping and a nonrelief photochemical patterning process, p‐ and n‐type SWCNT transistors are successfully implemented on cylindrical fiber substrates under air ambient, enabling high‐performance and reliable thread‐like CMOS inverter circuits. In addition, it is noteworthy that the optimized reel‐coating process can facilitate improvement in the arrangement of SWCNTs, building uniformly well‐aligned SWCNT channels, and enhancement of the electrical performance of the devices. The p‐ and n‐type SWCNT transistors exhibit field‐effect mobility of 4.03 and 2.15 cm2 V−1 s−1, respectively, with relatively narrow distribution. Moreover, the SWCNT CMOS inverter circuits demonstrate a gain of 6.76 and relatively good dynamic operation at a supply voltage of 5.0 V.
A Porphyrin Complex as a Self‐Conditioned Electrode Material for High‐Performance Energy Storage
Authors: Gao Ping , Chen Zhi , Zhao‐Karger Zhirong , Mueller Jonathan E. , Jung Christoph , Klyatskaya Svetlana , Diemant Thomas , Fuhr Olaf , Jacob Timo , Behm R. Jürgen , Ruben Mario , Fichtner Maximilian
Published: June 2017

The novel functionalized porphyrin [5,15‐bis(ethynyl)‐10,20‐diphenylporphinato]copper(II) (CuDEPP) was used as electrodes for rechargeable energy‐storage systems with an extraordinary combination of storage capacity, rate capability, and cycling stability. The ability of CuDEPP to serve as an electron donor or acceptor supports various energy‐storage applications. Combined with a lithium negative electrode, the CuDEPP electrode exhibited a long cycle life of several thousand cycles and fast charge–discharge rates up to 53 C and a specific energy density of 345 Wh kg−1 at a specific power density of 29 kW kg−1. Coupled with a graphite cathode, the CuDEPP anode delivered a specific power density of 14 kW kg−1. Whereas the capacity is in the range of that of ordinary lithium‐ion batteries, the CuDEPP electrode has a power density in the range of that of supercapacitors, thus opening a pathway toward new organic electrodes with excellent rate capability and cyclic stability.
Antimony Complexes for Electrocatalysis: Activity of a Main‐Group Element in Proton Reduction
Authors: Jiang Jianbing , Materna Kelly L. , Hedström Svante , Yang Ke R. , Crabtree Robert H. , Batista Victor S. , Brudvig Gary W.
Published: June 2017

Main‐group complexes are shown to be viable electrocatalysts for the H2‐evolution reaction (HER) from acid. A series of antimony porphyrins with varying axial ligands were synthesized for electrocatalysis applications. The proton‐reduction catalytic properties of TPSb(OH)2 (TP=5,10,15,20‐tetra(p‐tolyl)porphyrin) with two axial hydroxy ligands were studied in detail, demonstrating catalytic H2 production. Experiments, in conjunction with quantum chemistry calculations, show that the catalytic cycle is driven via the redox activity of both the porphyrin ligand and the Sb center. This study brings insight into main group catalysis and the role of redox‐active ligands during catalysis.
Holding and Containing a Couple Through Periods of High Intensity: What Holds the Therapist?
Authors: Glasgow Rachel
Published: June 2017

Sessions with couples are often peppered with periods of high intensity as they bring conflicts and distress out in the open. These times are emotionally and psychologically challenging for the couple and the therapist potentially triggering defensiveness for all three in the room. The therapist's level of maturity plays a key role, along with clinical knowledge and technique in being able to manage these periods effectively in service of the couple. This paper explores what is required of the therapist in terms of reliability and attunement at times of intensity, and suggests that systemic practitioners have much to gain by leaning more in to the analytic skills of holding and containment to balance the cognitive strengths of systemic practice.
And I Still Love Them: On Touching Loss
Authors: Snowdon Jenny
Published: June 2017

In this article, the author performs a re‐membering practice that incorporates a relational materialist theory. It traces the disturbances that follow in the wake of three deaths in her family. Written in an autoethnographic voice, the article is a polyphonic composition of the narrative therapy approach of re‐membering entangled with the spacetimematter of silence, speaking, sitting, staying, presence, absence, loss of momentum, dreams, trees, books, cardiac pace‐makers, writing, breath, ashes, murmuring, suffering. Thus, the dispersed agencies of bodies, human and non‐human, reinvigorate a linguistic practice and the author's personal and professional life.
Influence of radiofrequency–electromagnetic waves from 3rd‐generation cellular phones on fertilization and embryo development in mice
Authors: Suzuki Satoshi , Okutsu Miho , Suganuma Ryota , Komiya Hiromi , Nakatani‐Enomoto Setsu , Kobayashi Shunsuke , Ugawa Yoshikazu , Tateno Hiroyuki , Fujimori Keiya
Published: June 2017

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of 3rd‐generation (3G) cellular phone radiofrequency–electromagnetic wave (RF‐EMW) exposure on fertilization and embryogenesis in mice. Oocytes and spermatozoa were exposed to 3G cellular phone RF‐EMWs, 1.95 GHz wideband code division multiple access, at a specific absorption rate of 2 mW/g for 60 min, or to sham exposure. After RF‐EMW exposure, in vitro fertilization and intracytoplasmic sperm injection were performed. Rates of fertilization, embryogenesis (8‐cell embryo, blastocyst), and chromosome aberration were compared between the combined spermatozoa and oocyte groups: both exposed, both non‐exposed, one exposed, and the other non‐exposed. Rates of fertilization, embryogenesis, and blastocyst formation did not change significantly across the four groups. Considering that the degree of exposure in the present study was ≥100 times greater than daily exposure of human spermatozoa and even greater than daily exposure of oocytes, the present results indicate safety of RF‐EMW exposure in humans. Bioelectromagnetics. 38:466–473, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A web‐based design and assessment tool for educational wireless networking projects
Authors: Losilla Fernando
Published: June 2017

This work presents NetEval, a web‐based educational tool for designing and assessing heterogeneous networks and receiving feedback on design mistakes. NetEval challenges students with scenarios that require the design of networks using Wi‐Fi, radio frequency links and other wired technologies and security mechanisms, letting them freely create answer networks.
Increasing ethnic diversity moderates longitudinal effects of individual differences on friendship homophily
Authors: Jugert Philipp , Rutland Adam , Brown Rupert , Cameron Lindsey , Nigbur Dennis , Watters Charles , Hossain Rosa , Landau Anick , Le Touze Dominique
Published: June 2017

This study examined direct and interactive effects of social–emotional adjustment, national and ethnic identification, and school ethnic composition on friendship homophily among 214 ethnic minority and 183 ethnic majority English children, aged between 5 and 11 years. The data came from a longitudinal study, which included 3 time points, spanning a 12‐month period. Results of multilevel latent growth curve models showed that among ethnic minority English children (teacher‐rated), peer problems and ethnic identity were associated with more friendship homophily, whereas a bicultural identity was not related to more friendship homophily. Among ethnic majority English children, the effects of peer problems and English identity were moderated by school ethnic composition, such that these factors were not associated with more friendship homophily in more ethnically diverse schools. The findings are discussed on the basis of theories of intergroup contact and intergroup threat.
Microcontact Peeling: A Cell Micropatterning Technique for Circumventing Direct Adsorption of Proteins to Hydrophobic PDMS
Authors: Yokoyama Sho , Matsui Tsubasa S. , Deguchi Shinji
Published: June 2017

Microcontact printing (μCPr) is one of the most popular techniques used for cell micropatterning. In conventional μCPr, a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) stamp with microfeatures is used to adsorb extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins onto the featured surface and transfer them onto particular areas of a cell culture substrate. However, some types of functional proteins other than ECM have been reported to denature upon direct adsorption to hydrophobic PDMS. Here we describe a detailed protocol of an alternative technique––microcontact peeling (μCPe)––that allows for cell micropatterning while circumventing the step of adsorbing proteins to bare PDMS. This technique employs microfeatured materials with a relatively high surface energy such as copper, instead of using a microfeatured PDMS stamp, to peel off a cell‐adhesive layer present on the surface of substrates. Consequently, cell‐nonadhesive substrates are exposed at the specific surface that undergoes the physical contact with the microfeatured material. Thus, although μCPe and μCPr are apparently similar, the former does not comprise a process of transferring biomolecules through hydrophobic PDMS. © 2017 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Effect of Food Intake on the Pharmacokinetics of a Novel Methylphenidate Extended‐Release Oral Suspension for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Authors: Sallee Floyd R. , Palumbo Donna R. , Abbas Richat , Berry Sally A. , Puthli Shivanand P. , Kathala Kalyan K.
Published: June 2017

We conducted an open‐label, single‐dose, randomized, crossover study in healthy adults to assess the impact of food on the bioavailability of 60 mg methylphenidate extended‐release oral suspension (MEROS; Quillivant XR™)—a long‐acting stimulant for the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder—by comparing the pharmacokinetic parameters under fed and fasting conditions. When MEROS 60 mg was administered under fed conditions compared with fasting conditions, the exposure of methylphenidate (d enantiomer) was higher, with a mean area under the plasma concentration‐vs‐time curve (AUC)0–t of 160.2 ng·h/mL vs 140.4 ng·h/mL, and a mean AUC0–inf of 163.2 ng·h/mL vs 143.7 ng·h/mL, respectively. The ratios of the ln‐transformed geometric means for methylphenidate for AUC0–t and AUC0–inf were 119.5% (90%CI, 115.7% to 123.5%) and 119.0% (90%CI, 115.2% to 122.8%), respectively, within the standard 80% to 125% bioequivalence acceptance range indicating no food effect on the overall exposure (rate and extent). There was a small increase in the peak plasma concentration (127.6% [90%CI, 119.9% to 135.8%]). However, this effect was small and not likely to be clinically significant. Overall, MEROS 60 mg was safe in both the fed and fasting condition when administered to healthy volunteers in this study.
Plant Microbiome Identification and Characterization
Authors: Lebeis Sarah L.
Published: June 2017

To fully exploit the potential of plant microbiome alterations to improve plant health, reliable methods must be used to prepare and characterize microbiome samples. The power of culture‐independent studies is that they allow the characterization of novel microbial community members, but only microbial members consistently represented between different research groups are likely to become broadly applicable treatments. The identification of plant microbiome members can be affected by several experimental stages, including design, sample preparation, nucleic acid extraction, sequencing, and analysis. The protocols described here therefore aim to highlight crucial steps that experimenters should consider before beginning a plant microbiome study. © 2017 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
A Method of Shared File Cache for File Clone Function to Improve I/O Performance for Virtual Machines
Authors: KAMEI HITOSHI , YASHIRO OSAMU , NAKAMURA TAKAKI
Published: June 2017

We propose a method for shared file cache function for cloned files used by virtual machines, called SCC. The file clone function copies the files faster than conventional (read and write) method. Moreover, the function reduces disk spaces. The function is used to deploy virtual machines in virtual desktop infrastructure because of fast copying a lot of virtual machine disk files. SCC uses the file cache of a shared file as a shared cache among cloned files. The cached data on the shared file are returned to application programs on accessing the shared file via cloned files. Therefore, SCC improves the I/O performance of the shared file due to avoiding disk accesses. In this paper, we implement SCC and evaluate the I/O performance. From the evaluation, we have found SCC improves I/O throughput about 38 times in the case of random read and shared cache hit.
Pulse frequency and soil‐litter mixing alter the control of cumulative precipitation over litter decomposition
Authors: Joly François‐Xavier , Kurupas Kelsey L. , Throop Heather L.
Published: June 2017

Macroclimate has traditionally been considered the predominant driver of litter decomposition. However, in drylands, cumulative monthly or annual precipitation typically fails to predict decomposition. In these systems, the windows of opportunity for decomposer activity may rather depend on the precipitation frequency and local factors affecting litter desiccation, such as soil‐litter mixing. We used a full‐factorial microcosm experiment to disentangle the relative importance of cumulative precipitation, pulse frequency, and soil‐litter mixing on litter decomposition. Decomposition, measured as litter carbon loss, saturated with increasing cumulative precipitation when pulses were large and infrequent, suggesting that litter moisture no longer increased and/or microbial activity was no longer limited by water availability above a certain pulse size. More frequent precipitation pulses led to increased decomposition at high levels of cumulative precipitation. Soil‐litter mixing consistently increased decomposition, with greatest relative increase (+194%) under the driest conditions. Collectively, our results highlight the need to consider precipitation at finer temporal scale and incorporate soil‐litter mixing as key driver of decomposition in drylands.
Germination phenology determines the propensity for facilitation and competition
Authors: Leverett Lindsay D.
Published: June 2017

A single plant can interact both positively and negatively with its neighbors through the processes of facilitation and competition, respectively. Much of the variation in the balance of facilitation and competition that individuals experience can be explained by the degree of physical stress and the sizes or ages of plants during the interaction. Germination phenology partly controls both of these factors, but its role in defining the facilitation‐competition balance has not been explicitly considered. I performed an experiment in a population of the winter annual Arabidopsis thaliana (Brassicaceae) to test whether germinating during physically stressful periods leads to facilitation while germinating during periods that promote growth and reproduction leads to competition. I manipulated germination and neighbor presence across two years in order to quantify the effects of the local plant community on survival, fecundity, and total fitness as a function of germination phenology. Neighbors increased survival when germination occurred under conditions that were unsuitable for survival, but they reduced fecundity in germinants that were otherwise the most fecund. Later germination was associated with facilitation in the first year but competition in the second year. These episodes of facilitation and competition opposed each other, leading to no net effect of neighbors when averaged over all cohorts. These results indicate that variation in germination timing can explain some of the variation in the facilitation‐competition balance in plant communities.
Fluoroarene Complexes with Small Bite Angle Bisphosphines: Routes to Amine–Borane and Aminoborylene Complexes
Authors: Colebatch Annie L. , McKay Alasdair I. , Beattie Nicholas A. , Macgregor Stuart A. , Weller Andrew S.
Published: June 2017

Fluoroarene complexes of the small bite angle bisphosphine Cy2PCH2PCy2 (dcpm) have been prepared: [Rh(dcpm)(η6‐1,2‐F2C6H4)][Al{OC(CF3)3}4] and [Rh(dcpm)(η6‐1,2,3‐F3C6H3)][Al{OC(CF3)3}4]. These complexes act as precursors to a previously inaccessible σ‐amine–borane complex [Rh(dcpm)(η2‐H3B·NMe3)][Al{OC(CF3)3}4] of a small bite‐angle phosphine. This complex is a poor catalyst for the dehydrocoupling of H3B·NMe2H. Instead, formation of the bridging borylene complex [{RhH(µ‐dcpm)}2(µ‐H)(µ‐BNMe2)][Al{OC(CF3)3}4] occurs, which has been studied by NMR, mass spectrometry, crystallographic and DFT techniques. This represents a new route to bridging borylene complexes.
Impact of Cα‐Chirality on Supramolecular Self‐Assembly in Cyclo‐2:1‐[α/aza]‐Hexamers (d/l‐Phe‐azaPhe‐Ala)2
Authors: Ibrahim Mohamed Ibrahim Abdelmoneim , Zhou Zhou , Deng Cheng , Didierjean Claude , Vanderesse Régis , Bodiguel Jacques , Averlant‐Petit Marie‐Christine , Jamart‐Grégoire Brigitte
Published: June 2017

The design of new cyclic pseudopeptides of the sequence 2:1‐[α/aza]‐hexamers, which contain aza‐amino acid motifs, has gained much prominence to be involved in several potential applications. X‐ray, FTIR, and NMR spectroscopy studies showed the ability of this series to adopt β‐turn conformation in solid state, whereas in solution an equilibrium between the monomeric states (stabilized by β‐turns through intramolecular hydrogen bonds), and supramolecular construction (stabilized by intermolecular hydrogen bonds and π‐π stacking) predominates. Furthermore, both homo‐ and heterochiral 2:1‐[α/aza]‐cyclohexamers 3 and 4, respectively, can self‐assemble into organized 3D structures with increases in concentration that favor the supramolecular construction in which the macrocyles are stacking over each other and stabilized by several non‐covalent intermolecular interactions.
Drones for Transmission Infrastructure Inspection and Mapping Improve Efficiency
Authors: Day David
Published: June 2017

When most industry professionals think about drones, they envision a small, toy‐like object with multiple blades hovering around their infrastructure, recklessly maneuvering for the pilot's enjoyment, or worse, for nefarious reasons. Often the thought immediately conjured up is of damaged electrical transmission lines or poles, damaged pipelines, gas leaks, or worse. Instead, they should envision cost savings, improved understanding of asset health, and increased safety and compliance. Energy companies, utilities, and others have already adopted the use of these unmanned aircraft, with the use of these aircraft and their sensors continuing to steadily increase to more accurately understand infrastructure and to do so in three‐dimensional space.
Can Northeast Gas Supply and Gas Demand Work Together?
Authors: Smead Richard G.
Published: June 2017

So what happens when the fastest‐growing natural gas supply region meets the flattest demand region—and they are the same region—but somehow the most populous part of the region ends up short of gas?
Activation of catalase by pioglitazone: Multiple spectroscopic methods combined with molecular docking studies
Authors: Yekta Reza , Dehghan Gholamreza , Rashtbari Samaneh , Sheibani Nader , Moosavi‐Movahedi Ali Akbar
Published: June 2017

Pioglitazone is an important prescription antidiabetic drug with positive roles in controlling high blood sugar in patients with type 2 diabetes. In the present study, we investigated the effects of pioglitazone on the structure and function of bovine liver catalase (BLC) using different spectroscopic and theoretical methods. UV‐Vis absorption, fluorescence spectroscopy, synchronous fluorescence, and circular dichroism studies revealed conformational changes in the BLC structure and heme group in the presence of different concentrations of pioglitazone. Kinetic studies indicated that pioglitazone can increase BLC activity by approximately threefold compared with free enzyme. The fluorescence quenching data showed one binding site for pioglitazone, and the binding constants at 298, 304, and 310 K were calculated as 5.01 × 107 M−1, 5.8 × 107 M−1, and 6.6 × 107 M−1, respectively. The static type of quenching mechanism was mainly involved in the quenching of intrinsic emission of the enzyme. Thermodynamic data suggested that hydrophobic interactions played a major role in the binding reaction of pioglitazone with BLC. The molecular docking studies indicated that pioglitazone interacts with the cavity in the middle of the β‐barrel and wrapping domain of BLC. Thus, pioglitazone can increase catalase activity by changing the BLC structure.
A low‐ripple switched‐capacitor voltage regulator with decoupling capabilities
Authors: Gaiotto Stefano , Riganti Fulginei Francesco , Lozito Gabriele Maria , Salvini Alessandro
Published: June 2017

In this paper, a switched‐capacitor voltage regulator with a very low output ripple and decoupling capability is presented. To implement this regulator, a dual‐phase, double fly capacitors configuration is proposed. Besides having a very low output ripple, it is demonstrated how it is very effective in suppressing power input noise as well, for example EMI interferences propagating across the power lines, thus introducing a new concept of active filtering. Being based on switched capacitors, filters based on this concept can be easily placed in an integrated circuit; in addition, unlike traditional analog filters, resonance phenomena are not possible. Because of these characteristics, the proposed converter has been intended for those circuits where it is required to have very clean power sources even in the presence of disturbing magnetic fields, like measurement instruments operating in hard environmental conditions.
Self‐protective reactions to peer abusive supervision: The moderating role of prevention focus and the mediating role of performance instrumentality
Authors: Shao Ping , Li Andrew , Mawritz Mary
Published: June 2017

Across 3 studies, we apply a self‐protection perspective of observed mistreatment to examine a moderated mediation model on “when” and “why” third parties are motivated by peer abusive supervision. We hypothesize that prevention‐focused third parties will increase their performance effort as a response to peer abusive supervision, and this effect is mediated by performance instrumentality. In a field study of working adults (Study 1) and an experimental study that manipulated peer abusive supervision (Study 2), we found that peer abusive supervision interacted with third parties' prevention focus to predict their performance effort such that peer abuse was positively related to third parties' performance effort only for those high on prevention focus. Results were replicated in a second field study of working adults (Study 3). Further, we found support for the mediating effect of performance instrumentality. The theoretical and practical implications of our results are discussed.
Robotic versus laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy: A propensity score‐matched study
Authors: Liu Rong , Liu Qu , Zhao Zhi‐Ming , Tan Xiang‐Long , Gao Yuan‐Xing , Zhao Guo‐Dong
Published: June 2017

Background

Robotic distal pancreatectomy (RDP) is considered a safe and feasible alternative to laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy (LDP). However, previous studies have some limitations including small sample size and selection bias. This study aimed to evaluate whether the robotic approach has advantages over laparoscopic surgery in distal pancreatectomy.

Methods

Demographics and perioperative outcomes among patients undergoing RDP (n = 102) and LDP (n = 102) between January 2011 and December 2015 were reviewed. A 1:1 propensity score matched analysis was performed between both groups.

Results

Both groups displayed no significant differences in perioperative outcomes including operative time, blood loss, transfusion rate, and rates of overall morbidities and pancreatic fistula. Robotic approach reduced the rate of conversion to laparotomy (2.9% vs 9.8%, P = 0.045), especially in patients with large tumors (0% vs 22.2%, P = 0.042). RDP improved spleen (SP) and splenic vessels preservation (SVP) rates in patients with moderate tumors (60.0% vs 35.5%, P = 0.047; 37.1% vs 12.9%, P = 0.025), especially in patients without malignancy (95.5% vs 52.4%, P = 0.001; 59.1% vs 19.0%, P = 0.007). RDP also reduced postoperative hospital stay (PHS) significantly (7.67% vs 8.58, P = 0.032).

Conclusions

RDP is associated with less rate of conversion to laparotomy, shorter PHS, and improved SP and SVP rates in selected patients than LDP.
Quantitation of γ‐aminobutyric acid in equine plasma by hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Yi Rong , Zhao Sarah , Kong Noel , Zhang Julia , Loganathan Devan , Mérette Sandrine , Morrissey Barbara
Published: June 2017

γ‐Aminobutyric acid is the principal inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system and regulates the neuronal excitability. There has been anecdotal evidence that γ‐aminobutyric acid has been used within a few hours prior to competition in equine sports to calm down nervous horses. However, regulating the use of γ‐aminobutyric acid is challenging because it is an endogenous substance in the horse. γ‐Aminobutyric acid is usually present at low ng/mL levels in equine plasma; therefore, a sensitive method has to be developed to quantify these low background levels. Measuring low concentrations of endogenous γ‐aminobutyric acid is essential to establish a threshold that can be used to differentiate levels attributable to exogenous administrations of γ‐aminobutyric acid. A hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry method was developed and validated for the quantitation of γ‐aminobutyric acid in equine plasma. Calibrators were prepared in artificial surrogate matrix consisting of 35 mg/mL equine serum albumin in phosphate buffered saline. Samples were prepared by protein precipitation with acetonitrile. Utilizing this methodology, a total of 403 equine plasma samples collected post‐competition from horses participating in equestrian events in Canada were analyzed.
Recent applications of metal–organic frameworks in sample pretreatment
Authors: Wang Yonghua , Rui Min , Lu Guanghua
Published: June 2017

Metal–organic frameworks are promising materials in diverse analytical applications especially in sample pretreatment by virtue of their diverse structure topology, tunable pore size, permanent nanoscale porosity, high surface area, and good thermostability. According to hydrostability, metal–organic frameworks are divided into moisture‐sensitive and water‐stable types. In the actual applications, both kinds of metal–organic frameworks are usually engineered into hybrid composites containing magnetite, silicon dioxide, graphene, or directly carbonized to metal–organic frameworks derived carbon. These metal–organic frameworks based materials show good extraction performance to environmental pollutants. This review provides a critical overview of the applications of metal–organic frameworks and their composites in sample pretreatment modes, that is, solid‐phase extraction, magnetic solid‐phase extraction, micro‐solid‐phase extraction, solid‐phase microextraction, and stir bar solid extraction.
Effects of substitution of X (X=rhenium, chromium and zirconium) on the properties of Co7Mo6 μ phase: A first‐principles study
Authors: Ma S. Y. , Ren N. N. , Zhang J. X.
Published: June 2017

The effects of three typical refractory elements (rhenium, chromium and zirconium) substituting the molybdenum atom in Co7Mo6 μ phase were investigated using first‐principles calculations based on the density functional theory (DFT). Energy (including binding energy and defect energy) and electronic structures (including density of states and charge density) of Co7Mo5X (X=rhenium, chromium and zirconium) were calculated. The optimized lattice structure of Co7Mo6 agrees well with the experimental data. The calculated results show the bonding between doped rhenium atom and its nearest neighbor molybdenum and cobalt atoms gets visibly stronger, contributing to the good stability of the unit cell. Neverthless, the bonding between chromium and its nearest neighbor molybdenum and cobalt is weaker, and the zirconium‐molybdenum and zirconium‐cobalt bonds are much weaker. The results reveal rhenium tends to participate in the formation of μ phase, but zirconium and chromium atoms are not prone to concentrate in μ phase.
Archaeometric case studies on decorations of pre‐Columbian pottery using X‐ray spectroscopy maps and profiles
Authors: Dietrich D. , Mehner T. , Del‐Solar‐Velarde N. , Nickel D. , Lampke T. , Chapoulie R. , Butters L.J. Castillo
Published: June 2017

The potential of chemical information obtained by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) based methods is examined for archaeometric studies on polychrome decorations of ceramics. Achieved on polished block sections, the feasibility and benefits are demonstrated as case studies using pre‐Columbian pottery (Wari, Moche, and Cajamarca). Elemental mapping and profiling by X‐ray spectroscopy (EDS) allow separate consideration of the paste in the body, slip, binder and pigments in the polychrome decoration. Compositional profiles across decorative layers substantiate the use of manganese ores for the formation of jacobsite as black pigment. To enlighten trade relations, technological transfer and shared heritage of pre‐Columbian cultures in Peru, the results provide information about local or non‐local pottery production.
An effective tridental molecular clip for fullerenes
Authors: Denis Pablo A. , Kramer Michael , Lee Catherine , Yanney Michael
Published: June 2017

By means of density functional calculations, we studied the performance of 2 fullerene receptors that contain 3 corannulene or triphenylene pincers. For the first time, we found a receptor that has a small tendency to form intramolecular stacks between the 3 corannulene pincers. After comparing their ability to trap fullerenes, with that of buckycatcher, buckycatcher‐II, and the Venus flytrap, we conclude that a record‐breaking association constant is expected for the receptor with 3 corannulene pincers. Although triphenylene is less effective than the corannulene units in forming inclusion complexes with C60, the triphenylene‐based host is also expected to have a high association constant. Finally, we discuss the theoretical problems found in reproducing the experimental free energy changes in solution for buckycatcher, buckycatcher‐II, and the Venus flytrap.
Kind of blue: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of music interventions in cancer treatment
Authors: Bro Margrethe Langer , Jespersen Kira Vibe , Hansen Julie Bolvig , Vuust Peter , Abildgaard Niels , Gram Jeppe , Johansen Christoffer
Published: June 2017

Objectives

Music may be a valuable and low‐cost coping strategy for cancer patients. We conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis to identify the psychological and physical effects of music interventions in cancer treatment.

Methods

We included randomized, controlled trials with adult patients in active cancer treatment exposed to different music interventions versus control conditions. Qualitative studies and systematic reviews were excluded. We identified a total of 2624 records through 2 systematic searches (June 2015 and September 2016) in PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, Cinahl, Web of Science, Cochrane, and PsycINFO and used Risk of Bias Assessment, GRADE and Checklist for Reporting Music‐Based Interventions to evaluate the music applied and quality of the studies. We conducted meta‐analyses using Review Manager (version 5.3). PROSPERO reg. no. CRD42015026024.

Results

We included 25 RCT's (N = 1784) of which 20 were eligible for the meta‐analysis (N = 1565). Music reduced anxiety (SMD −0·80 [95% CI, −1.35 to −0.25]), pain (SMD −0.88 [95% CI −1.45 to −0.32]), and improved mood (SMD −0.55 [95% CI, −0.98 to −0.13]). However, studies were hampered by heterogeneity with I2 varying between 54% and 96%. Quality of the studies ranged from very low to low. The most effective mode of music intervention appeared to be passive listening to self‐selected, recorded music in a single session design.

Conclusions

Music may be a tool in reducing anxiety, pain, and improving mood among patients with cancer in active treatment. However, methodological limitations in the studies conducted so far prevent firm conclusions.
Transmission electron microscopy based interface analysis of the origin of the variation in surface recombination of silicon for different surface preparation methods and passivation materials
Authors: Ali Haider , Moldovan Anamaria , Mack Sebastian , Schoenfeld Winston V. , Davis Kristopher O.
Published: June 2017

In this work, the root cause of variation in surface recombination for Si wafers after different cleaning processes and for different passivation layers is investigated using a combination of calibrated photoluminescence (PL) imaging and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The use of a HF‐last or oxide‐last cleaning and/or conditioning process is shown to have a strong impact on surface recombination for SiNx passivated surfaces, but little impact for Al2O3/SiNx stacks. For a SiNx passivation layer, cross‐sectional TEM imaging revealed the formation of a ≈1–2 nm SiOx interlayer resulting from a controlled oxidation during the last cleaning/conditioning step. The presence of the SiOx layer reduces the interface defect density (Dit,midgap) by an order of magnitude and dramatically increases the effective carrier lifetime. However, for Al2O3/SiNx passivated surfaces, TEM studies revealed that a SiOx layer is formed at the interface between the c‐Si and AlOx even for cleaning processes ending with HF‐last treatment due to which the cleaning sequence has minimal impact on the effective carrier lifetime.
Numbers in global security governance
Authors: Baele Stephane J. , Balzacq Thierry , Bourbeau Philippe
Published: June 2017

The use of numbers has been remarkably effective at pressing global claims. While research has documented the historical processes through which numbers gained such prominence, and has examined the political and ethical consequences of this omnipresence, very little is known regarding the specific ways in which numbers create the outcomes that sustain governance. This article proposes to close that gap. Building on the literature that acknowledges that numbers not only describe things but also have profound impacts on things themselves, this article offers an integrated account of the working dynamics of numbers in the governance of security. To do so, the article identifies three distinct but connected vectors of power through which numbers shape security governance: persuasion, (de)politicisation, and standardisation. These insights are exemplified through the prism of different empirical examples, the variety of which aims to display the advantages of the approach we propose.
An automated, 0.5 Hz nano-foil target positioning system for intense laser plasma experiments
Authors: Gao Ying , Bin Jianhui , Haffa Daniel , Kreuzer Christian , Hartmann Jens , Speicher Martin , Lindner Florian H. , Ostermayr Tobias M. , Hilz Peter , Rösch Thomas F. , Lehrack Sebastian , Englbrecht Franz , Seuferling Sebastian , Gilljohann Max , Ding Hao , Ma Wenjun , Parodi Katia , Schreiber Jörg
Published: June 2017

We report on a target system supporting automated positioning of nano-targets with a precision resolution of $4~\unicode[STIX]{x03BC}\text{m}$ in three dimensions. It relies on a confocal distance sensor and a microscope. The system has been commissioned to position nanometer targets with 1 Hz repetition rate. Integrating our prototype into the table-top ATLAS 300 TW-laser system at the Laboratory for Extreme Photonics in Garching, we demonstrate the operation of a 0.5 Hz laser-driven proton source with a shot-to-shot variation of the maximum energy about 27% for a level of confidence of 0.95. The reason of laser shooting experiments operated at 0.5 Hz rather than 1 Hz is because the synchronization between the nano-foil target positioning system and the laser trigger needs to improve.
GAME SEMANTICS AND THE GEOMETRY OF BACKTRACKING: A NEW COMPLEXITY ANALYSIS OF INTERACTION
Authors: ASCHIERI FEDERICO
Published: June 2017

We present abstract complexity results about Coquand and Hyland–Ong game semantics, that will lead to new bounds on the length of first-order cut-elimination, normalization, interaction between expansion trees and any other dialogical process game semantics can model and apply to. In particular, we provide a novel method to bound the length of interactions between visible strategies and to measure precisely the tower of exponentials defining the worst-case complexity. Our study improves the old estimates on average by several exponentials.
How predictable are symptoms in psychopathological networks? A reanalysis of 18 published datasets
Authors: Haslbeck J. M. B. , Fried E. I.
Published: June 2017

Background

Network analyses on psychopathological data focus on the network structure and its derivatives such as node centrality. One conclusion one can draw from centrality measures is that the node with the highest centrality is likely to be the node that is determined most by its neighboring nodes. However, centrality is arelativemeasure: knowing that a node is highly central gives no information about the extent to which it is determined by its neighbors. Here we provide anabsolutemeasure of determination (or controllability) of a node – its predictability. We introduce predictability, estimate the predictability of all nodes in 18 prior empirical network papers on psychopathology, and statistically relate it to centrality.

Methods

We carried out a literature review and collected 25 datasets from 18 published papers in the field (several mood and anxiety disorders, substance abuse, psychosis, autism, and transdiagnostic data). We fit state-of-the-art network models to all datasets, and computed the predictability of all nodes.

Results

Predictability was unrelated to sample size, moderately high in most symptom networks, and differed considerable both within and between datasets. Predictability was higher in community than clinical samples, highest for mood and anxiety disorders, and lowest for psychosis.

Conclusions

Predictability is an important additional characterization of symptom networks because it gives an absolute measure of thecontrollabilityof each node. It allows conclusions about how self-determined a symptom network is, and may help to inform intervention strategies. Limitations of predictability along with future directions are discussed.
Dub is the new black: modes of identification and tendencies of appropriation in late 1970s post-punk
Authors: Haddon Mimi
Published: June 2017

This article examines the complex racial and national politics that surrounded British post-punk musicians’ incorporation of and identification with dub-reggae in the late 1970s. I analyse this historical moment from sociological, intra-musical and discursive perspectives, reading the musical incorporation of dub-reggae by The Police, Gang of Four and Joy Division against the backdrop of the era's music press discourse. I also unpack discursive representations of Jamaican musicians and ask: what role does subaltern performativity play in contributing to ‘imaginary’ critical conceptions of dub, particularly concerning the Jamaican melodica player Augustus Pablo? I conclude by suggesting that post-punk musicians’ incorporation of dub-reggae represents neither an unencumbered post-colonial socio-musical alliance nor a purely colonial one, but rather exceeds and therefore problematises these two positions.
Warnings as a directive front-of-pack nutrition labelling scheme: comparison with the Guideline Daily Amount and traffic-light systems
Authors: Arrúa Alejandra , Machín Leandro , Curutchet María Rosa , Martínez Joseline , Antúnez Lucía , Alcaire Florencia , Giménez Ana , Ares Gastón
Published: June 2017

Objective

Warnings have recently been proposed as a new type of directive front-of-pack (FOP) nutrition labelling scheme to flag products with high content of key nutrients. In the present work, this system was compared with the two most common FOP nutrition labelling schemes (Guideline Daily Amounts (GDA) and traffic-light system) in terms of goal-directed attention, influence on perceived healthfulness and ability to differentiate between products.

Design/Setting/Subjects

Goal-directed attention to FOP labels was evaluated using a visual search task in which participants were presented with labels on a computer screen and were asked to indicate whether labels with high sodium content were present or absent. A survey with 387 participants was also carried out, in which the influence of FOP labels on perceived healthfulness and ability to identify the healthful alternative were evaluated.

Results

Warnings improved consumers’ ability to correctly identify a product with high content of a key nutrient within a set of labels compared with GDA and received the highest goal-directed attention. In addition, products with high energy, saturated fat, sugar and/or sodium content that featured warnings on the label were perceived as less healthful than those featuring the GDA or traffic-light system. Warnings and the traffic-light system performed equally well in the identification of the most healthful product.

Conclusions

Results from the present work suggest that warnings have potential as directive FOP nutrition labels to improve consumer ability to identify unhealthful products and highlight advantages compared with the traffic-light system.
DYNAMICS OF PSEUDO ALMOST PERIODIC SOLUTION FOR IMPULSIVE NEOCLASSICAL GROWTH MODEL
Authors: XIA ZHINAN
Published: June 2017

This paper analyses the pseudo almost periodicity of the impulsive neoclassical growth model. We investigate the existence, uniqueness and exponential stability of the pseudo almost periodic solution. Moreover, an example is given to illustrate the significance of the main findings.