bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Incidence and predictors of postpartum depression among postpartum mothers in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Hairol Mohd Izzuddin , Ahmad Sha’ari , Sharanjeet-Kaur Sharanjeet , Hum Wee Lei , Abdullah Fauziah , Ahmad Mahadir
Published: November 2021

Postpartum depression (PPD) is one of the mental health complications that may arise following childbirth. This cross-sectional study explores the association between socioeconomic factors and PPD literacy with PPD incidence in 350 participants (mean age: 30.58±4.72 years) at one to six months postpartum, who attended the Kuala Lumpur Health Clinic from May to October 2020. PPD incidence and literacy were assessed using the validated Malay versions of the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS) and the Postpartum Depression Literacy Scale (PoDLiS), respectively. The participants’ socioeconomic characteristics were collected using a self-administered questionnaire. Chi-square tests were performed to determine the association between these factors and PPD incidence. Binary logistic regression models were used to determine the odds ratios (OR). The incidence of postpartum depressive symptoms was 14.29%. Those with low household income were twice likely to have PPD symptoms (OR:2.58, 95% CI:1.23–5.19; p = 0.01) than those with higher incomes. Unemployment (i.e., participants who were housewives/homemakers) was associated with higher PPD incidence (Χ2(2, 350) = 6.97, p = 0.03), but it was not a significant PPD predictor. In conclusion, PPD incidence in the sample of Kuala Lumpur postpartum mothers is significantly associated with low household income. Other socioeconomic characteristics, including PPD literacy, were not significant predictors of PPD incidence.
Usefulness of Hamilton rating scale for depression subset scales and full versions for electroconvulsive therapy
Authors: Fenton Caoimhe , McLoughlin Declan M.
Published: November 2021

Objectives

We investigated the predictive value of subset scales and full versions of the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD) for therapeutic outcomes in ECT.

Methods

This secondary analysis of patients with major depression (N = 136; 63% female; age = 56.7 [SD = 14.8]) from the EFFECT-Dep trial (NCT01907217) examined the predictive value of Evans-6, Toronto-7, Gibbons-8 and Maier-Philip 6 HAMD subset scales and three ‘full’ versions (HAMD-17, HAMD-21 and HAMD-24) on therapeutic outcomes. We also examined early improvement on subset scales and full versions as predictors of response and remission and explored predictive abilities of individual HAMD-24 items.

Results

The subset scales and full scales lacked sufficient predictive ability for response and remission. Receiver operating characteristic curves identified a lack of discriminative capacity of HAMD subset scales and full versions at baseline to predict response and remission. Only the Maier-Philip-6 was significantly associated with percentage reduction in HAMD-24 scores from baseline to end of ECT course. Early improvement on most of the subset scales and full versions was a sensitive and specific predictor of response and remission. Four of the HAMD-24 items were significantly associated with response and one with remission.

Conclusions

Limited utility of the HAMD subset scales and full versions in this context highlight a need for more tailored depression rating scales for ECT.
Impact of extrinsic incubation temperature on natural selection during Zika virus infection of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus
Authors: Murrieta Reyes A. , Garcia-Luna Selene M. , Murrieta Deedra J. , Halladay Gareth , Young Michael C. , Fauver Joseph R. , Gendernalik Alex , Weger-Lucarelli James , Rückert Claudia , Ebel Gregory D.
Published: November 2021

Arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) require replication across a wide range of temperatures to perpetuate. While vertebrate hosts tend to maintain temperatures of approximately 37°C—40°C, arthropods are subject to ambient temperatures which can have a daily fluctuation of > 10°C. Temperatures impact vector competence, extrinsic incubation period, and mosquito survival unimodally, with optimal conditions occurring at some intermediate temperature. In addition, the mean and range of daily temperature fluctuations influence arbovirus perpetuation and vector competence. The impact of temperature on arbovirus genetic diversity during systemic mosquito infection, however, is poorly understood. Therefore, we determined how constant extrinsic incubation temperatures of 25°C, 28°C, 32°C, and 35°C control Zika virus (ZIKV) vector competence and population dynamics withinAedes aegyptiandAedes albopictusmosquitoes. We also examined fluctuating temperatures which better mimic field conditions in the tropics. We found that vector competence varied in a unimodal manner for constant temperatures peaking between 28°C and 32°C for bothAedesspecies. Transmission peaked at 10 days post-infection forAedes aegyptiand 14 days forAedes albopictus. Conversely, fluctuating temperature decreased vector competence. Using RNA-seq to characterize ZIKV population structure, we identified that temperature alters the selective environment in unexpected ways. During mosquito infection, constant temperatures more often elicited positive selection whereas fluctuating temperatures led to strong purifying selection in bothAedesspecies. These findings demonstrate that temperature has multiple impacts on ZIKV biology, including major effects on the selective environment within mosquitoes.
In Media Res, or Beginning in the Middle of Things
Authors: Leatherbarrow David
Published: November 2021

This study of architectural education argues there is no first beginning for the discipline. Instead, the student always begins in the middle of things, the pre-disciplinary context that surrounds the field. Accordingly, the effort of education is to discover possibilities for acting and understanding within those conditions, the way things are here and now, not elsewhere in some more propitious location, nor nowhere, on the open plane of the famous tabula rasa. This approach—beginning not with radical foundations or ultimate goals but in the middle of things—widens teaching’s target to broad topics of inherited culture and the natural world.
Comparison of real time PCR and conventional PCR by identifying genomic DNA of bovine and porcine
Authors: Munir Muhammad Abdurrahman , Inayatullah Ahlam
Published: November 2021

Bovine and porcine are poultry meat that consumed worldwide particularly in Southeast Asia.Both of them are prone to food counterfeit owing to several factors such as price, appetite and Halal status. Sensitive and selective analytical methods are required to control meat products that distributed to markets. This paper studied the sensitivity between real – time and conventional PCR or known as qPCR and cPCR, respectively. Bovine and porcine were samples used to verify the sensitivity of them. Nevertheless, those instruments did not show a specific difference during DNA analysis of bovine and porcine. In conventional PCR, two pairs of DNA primers targeted cytochrome b (Cyt b) was analyzed, resulting of 120 and 131 amplicons, respectively. While qPCR applied to analyze porcine and bovine DNA. The detection limit of qPCR after porcine and bovine analysis were at 0.004 and 0.007 µg/µL, respectively. Results demonstrated the qPCR was reliable for verifying porcine and bovine DNA compared to conventional PCR. Furthermore, the study concluded that the developed assay can be easily employed for the identification of porcine and bovine tissue in food products in low resource areas.
Birch as sawn timber and in mechanical further processing in Finland. A literature study
Authors:   Metla, Luostarinen Katri , Verkasalo Erkki
Published: November 2021

This study based on literature and restricted interviews of forest products companies is a compilation of current knowledge concerning utilisation of the wood of birch species growing in Finland, silver birch (Betula pendula) and pubescent birch (B. pubescens), for saw milling and further related processing. As the basis for this, the properties (morphological, anatomical, physical, mechanical and chemical) of birch wood are presented as well as the effects of cultivation and how growing conditions affect these properties. The issues cover resources and use of large- and small-dimensioned birch, current and potential importance of birch for saw milling as well as for furniture and joinery industries, quality and specifi c properties of birch timber for sawing and processing for special purposes, principles and methods of grading the quality of wood, how to improve and control quality, timber procurement, primary processing, machining and surfacing as well as semi- and end-products. Based on the available data, the principal needs for research and develop.
Óvodapedagógusok, tanítók és szülők vélekedései az iskolakészültségről
Authors: Kálmán László , Tóth Edit
Published: November 2021

Az óvoda-iskola átmenet jelentősen befolyásolja a gyermekek hosszú távú iskolai teljesítményét. Az iskolakez-dés sikerességéhez szükség van az óvodapedagógusok, tanítók és szülők összehangolt munkájára, amelyet befolyásol az, hogyan gondolkodnak az érintettek a gyermekek iskolakészültségéről. A nemzetközi szakiroda-lom felhívja a figyelmet a probléma fontosságára (Cappelloni, 2011; Hair és mtsai, 2006; Lin és mtsai, 2003), hazánkban ugyanakkor korábban alig vizsgálták azt (ld. Gyurcsik, 2020).Munkánk fókuszában tehát a pedagógusok és szülők iskolakészültséggel kapcsolatos vélekedéseinek vizs-gálata áll. Kutatásunkkal – három kérdőív kidolgozásával és kismintás adatfelvételünkkel – az első lépéseket tettük meg a hazai és a nemzetközi szakirodalomban megjelölt, az iskolakészültség-mérőeszközökkel vizsgált készségek, képességek széles köréről való gondolkodás vizsgálatához. Arra mutatunk rá, mennyire tekintik fontosnak a pedagógusok és a szülők a különböző készségek, képességek adott szintjét a sikeres iskolakezdés-hez, mely területeken különböznek meglátásaik. A nemzetközi trendhez hasonlóan a vizsgálatunkban részt vevő pedagógusok és szülők is a kognitív terüle-teknél fontosabbnak tekintik a gyerekek szociális és lelki fejlettségét, így a tanulás, tudásszerzés iránti elköte-leződésüket, feladattartásukat, az önkiszolgálást. A két vizsgált pedagóguscsoport közül az óvodapedagógusok ítélték a csoportjukba járó gyerekek nagyobb arányát nem késznek az iskolai munkára, ők a gyerekek szociális fejlettségében, feladattartásában látják a legnagyobb elmaradást.
Effect of HNT on mechanical and thermal properties of poly(lactic acid)/polypropylene carbonate blends
Authors: Haneef Intan Najwa Humaira Mohamed , Buys Yose Fachmi , Shaffiar Norhashimah Mohd , Shaharuddin Sharifah Imihezri Syed , Hamid Abdul Malek Abdul , Sabri Mohd Faizul Mohd , Afifi Amalina Muhammad
Published: November 2021

In this work, the influence of halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) on the mechanical and thermal properties of the poly(lactic acid)/polypropylene carbonate (PLA/PPC 70/30) blend was studied. The HNT was incorporated into the PLA/PPC blend by melt mixing. It was found that addition of 2-6 wt % HNT successfully improved the tensile and flexural strength as well as the flexural and Young’s  moduli of PLA/PPC blend, due to the reinforcing effect. Although the elongation at break decreases with increasing HNT content, its value is much higher than that of pure PLA. Moreover, the addition of HNT didnot affect the miscibility of PLA and PPC, since two glass transition temperatures were observed in the DSC thermograms. However, a higher content of HNT may improve the compatibility between PLA and PPC as evidenced by the lower difference between the glass transition temperature of PPC and PLA and reduced crystallinity resulting in higher tensile strength of nanocomposites.Keywords: PLA, PPC, HNT, mechanical properties, thermal properties.
Principles of Somatic Movement Education for Architectural Design
Authors: Skrzypczak Wiktor
Published: November 2021

An architect trying to predict the spatial effect of their design on its inhabitants often faces a dilemma. Their professional experience and personal feeling allows them to intuit its effect. Such intuition, however, might lack legitimacy in the dominant design practice. For over a century, the question of the felt space in architecture has been a topic of theoretical discussion, which led to the insight that the answer might lay not so much in studying the architectural structures, but rather in studying the bodies that inhabit them. And still the dominant architectural practice follows the outdated dualistic (mis-)understanding of the felt space. Another historical development took place in dance. Here, since the 1960s,the traditionally formalistic and objectifying understanding of dance has been strongly influenced by techniques of bodily sensitization, stemming from the field of somatics. In themselves rather diverse, these techniques have been institutionally delineated through the principles of somatic movement education. One of their characteristics is that somatic techniques are constantly re-emerging - not from a priori knowledge but from the study of one's own body and its interactions with the environment. This article envisages how such principles might be applied to architectural design practice and give rise to new embodied design practices - which might foster architects' sensory expertise and thus legitimize the felt knowledge in professional contexts.
Caso Clínico: Meningohidroencefalocele Gigante
Authors: Revelo Villacres Alex David , Guayaulema Cudco Patricia Elizabeth , Fuentes Morocho Tatiana Aracely
Published: November 2021

BACKGROUND: Encephaloceles are a rare congenital anomaly, affecting 1 in 5 000 live births.A meningohydroencephalocele is the herniation of the meninges, ventricles, and part of the brain through a congenital defect in the skull. The prognosis of newborns depends on several factors. The young age and the associated congenital anomalies in these patients contribute to the diagnostic and treatment challenge. CASE REPORT: Male newborn, born at 37 weeks of gestation, by emergency C-section due to latent labor, presenting a large mass over the parieto-occipital region, with lobed, irregular edges, partially covered by the scalp, and in other areas a purplish red tone. The newborn was no very reactive, had decreased tone, absent crying. EVOLUTION: After specialist’s evaluation, due to the significant defect in the cranial shell and the structural brain abnormalities, the patient was not a candidate for surgical treatment. The newborn was discharged with a reduced life expectancy, to receive care at home. CONCLUSION: giant meningohydroencephalocele is a rare neural tube defect. The management of encephaloceles can be complicated and must be individualized, and will depend on the anatomical structures involved. Although in this case the prognosis was bad, multidisciplinary work is always necessary for proper management.
ANALYSIS OF SCIENCE MATERIALS SOCIALIN MI/SD, CONFORMITY OF CHARATERISTICS, HOTS, AND 4C
Authors: Yuliananingsih Yuliananingsih
Published: November 2021

Abstract: Teaching material is an important learning element, it gets the attention of the teacher so that students can learn the things needed to achieve learning goals. This analysis aims to determine the suitability of class IV thematic textbooks with the Ministry of Education and Culture regulation Number 21 of 2016, the scope of social studies material. The suitability of textbooks with the characteristics of students and the literacy contained therein. The results of the analysis show: 1) Based on the content standards contained in the Regulation of the Minister of Education and Culture Number 21 of 2016, Class IV Thematic textbooks published by the Ministry of Education and Culture have met the predetermined standards. 2) it is in accordance with the development of students both in terms of material presentation, writing and image portions in the textbook. 3) there is no HOTS in the whole learning theme. 4) and there is financial literacy, culture and citizenship and character education.

Keywords: Teaching materials, thematic textbooks, social studies material.
Market Timing and Pecking Order Theory in Latin America
Authors: Vásquez Tejos Francisco Javier , Pape Larre Hernan
Published: November 2021

This article aims to determine if the capital structure of Latin American companies in the emerging markets of Brazil, Chile, Mexico, and Peru, are managed according to the market timing theory or the pecking order theory. The analysis was based on a non-probabilistic sample of 170 companies, with annual data, from an unbalanced panel, in the period 2010-2018. Regressions were applied with the fixed and random effects method. The results do not show significant evidence indicating that Latin American companies comply with the pecking order theory. Furthermore, there is also no definitive evidence that companies benefit from low share prices to issue capital or from debt issuance in the face of high stock market prices. There are signs that they follow a blend of several theories, which would indicate their characteristics in the capital structure of Latin American companies.
Management mit Angst?
Authors: Albert Andreas , Betzelt Sigrid , Bode Ingo , Parschick Sarina
Published: November 2021

Für die Managementforschung haben Führungskräfte im Sozialwesen bislang kaum eine Rolle gespielt, wenngleich dort die Umgestaltung von Leitungsroutinen nach Vorbildern der Privatwirtschaft schon lange ein Thema ist. Die vor allem mit dem Ziel der Effizienzsteigerung vorangetriebene Implementierung von – für das Sozialwesen fremdartigen – Ordnungskonzepten, welche intern und extern mit stärkerem Kontrolldruck einhergehen, schafft für das Management dilemmatische Situationen, gilt es doch, diese Konzepte mit weiterhin fortbestehenden klassisch-fürsorglichen Leistungserwartungen in Einklang zu bringen und diesbezüglich Wesentliches „zu retten“. In Anbetracht dieses Spannungsfeldes fragt der vorliegende, zwei Bereiche des Sozialwesens (stationäre Pflege, Jugendberufshilfe) fokussierende Beitrag nach der emotionalen Bewältigung entsprechender Balanceakte im geschäftsführenden und mittleren Management sowie nach möglichen Folgen im Organisationsgeschehen. In einer qualitativen Analyse von Erfahrungsberichten zeigt sich, dass vielfältige Unsicherheiten und (latente) Ängste die Managementpraxis durchziehen und in einem nicht zuletzt durch institutionelle Vorgaben dauerstrapazierten Sozialwesen zu einer besonderen Belastung werden können.
Migrationskonzept zur Einführung von Ethernet TSN in die Feldebene
Authors: Schriegel Sebastian , Jasperneite Jürgen
Published: November 2021

Anwendungen, wie z. B. eine datengetriebene Prozessüberwachung oder eine für die Fertigung kundenindividueller Produkte notwendige wandlungsfähige Produktionstechnik, erzeugen neue und zusätzliche Anforderungen an die Industrielle Kommunikation. Die Kommunikation muss stoßfrei rekonfiguriert werden können, um Plug-and-Play-Dienste zu ermöglichen und so skalierbar und sicher sein, dass eine vertikale Kommunikation vom Sensor bis zur Cloud möglich wird. Als Basis für ein skalierbares Kommunikationsnetzwerk, welches von verschiedenen echtzeitfähigen oder nicht-echtzeitfähigen Protokollen konvergent genutzt werden kann und so die bisher harte Grenze zwischen IT und Feldebene durchlässig macht, soll Ethernet TSN verwendet werden. Um auch einfache Sensoren ohne Gateways anzuschließen, sollen neue physikalische Übertragungstechnologien, Single Pair Ethernet (SPE) eingesetzt werden. Lange Lebenszyklen von Produktionsanlagen und Automatisierungstechnik führen allerdings dazu, dass die Einführung und Verbreitung neuer Technologien nur langsam erfolgt. Dabei unterliegt die Einführung der genannten Technologien unterschiedlichen Einflüssen: So ist die Einführung von TSN als Netzwerktechnologie gegenüber einer Physical Layer-Technologie, wie Single Pair Ethernet, oder einer Protokolleinführung, wie OPC UA, besonders schwer, da TSN nur dann genutzt werden kann, wenn alle Geräte eines Netzwerkes TSN auch unterstützen. Migrationsstrategien für Feldgeräte sind heute häufig unzureichend. Ein neuer Ansatz für eine verbesserte Migrationsstrategie für Feldgeräte, der die Einführung von Ethernet TSN in die Feldebene ermöglicht, ist der Ethernet Bridge-Modus „Time Aware Forwarding“. Time Aware Forwarding vereinfacht die Umsetzung von TSN in Feldgeräte mit zwei Ports. Bestehende PROFINET-Hardware und -Geräte erlangen mit diesem Verfahren die geforderten Funktions- und Leistungsmerkmale, wie Synchronität und geplanter Datenverkehr, um mit TSN-Netzwerken zusammenarbeiten zu können.
On trajectory tracking control of fluid-driven actuators
Authors: Hoffmann Kathrin , Müller Daniel , Simon René , Sawodny Oliver
Published: November 2021

Fluid-driven actuators are not only well-established in automation, but also a promising drive technology for collaborative robots. Their inherent compliance due to the compressibility of suitable fluids such as air, as well as their direct drive properties are advantageous safety features for human-machine collaboration. In this work, we provide an overview of different fluid-driven manipulators, namely fluidic muscle actuated ones, continuum manipulators, and those with rotary joints. For the latter, we introduce the mathematical model including mechanics and pressure dynamics and describe its properties such as strong nonlinearities, which make trajectory tracking control challenging. A model-based nonlinear cascaded controller is presented. Experimental results on a 6 degrees of freedom (DOF) prototype demonstrate the resulting trajectory tracking performance.
Yield, volume, quality, and reduction of biotic stress influenced by titanium application in oilseed rape, winter wheat, and maize cultivations
Authors: Jajor Ewa , Zamojska Joanna , Dworzańska Daria , Horoszkiewicz-Janka Joanna , Danielewicz Jakub , Węgorek Paweł , Korbas Marek , Ciecierski Wiesław , Bocianowski Jan , Wilk Radosław
Published: November 2021

The study presents the results of research on the influence of a mineral growth stimulant containing titanium (Ti) in the form available to plants, applied to reduce the effects of biotic stresses caused by agrophages, namely fungal pathogens and selected insect pests. The study was conducted in 2014 and 2015 on winter oilseed rape, winter wheat, and maize. The purpose of the study was to determine the influence of the Ti-containing stimulant on the degree of damage caused by major pests occurring in the crops (cabbage seed weevil, cereal leaf beetle, and European corn borer), the degree of infestation with fungal diseases (gray mold, Alternaria disease, eyespot, foot rot, sooty mold, glume blotch, Fusarium head blight, Fusarium stalk rot, maize smut, and brown spot), and yield parameters. The study showed that the stimulant containing Ti successfully reduced the occurrence of pest damage to winter rapeseed and winter wheat plants and the occurrence of diseases in winter rapeseed, winter wheat, and maize crops. Thus, the application of the Ti stimulant resulted in an increased yield of the crops being tested. The main factor explaining this phenomenon is unknown, and it is probably the result of several factors. The study contains the discussion on this phenomenon.
Kinetics of catalytic treatment of coking wastewater (COD, phenol and cyanide) using wet air oxidation
Authors: Verma Vibha , Ghosh Prabir , Singh Santosh Bahadur , Gupta Vandana , Chaudhari Parmesh Kumar
Published: November 2021

Coking wastewater (CWW) is known as a highly polluting effluent. This study deals with the degradation of pollutants in terms of COD, phenol and cyanide present in CWW using catalytic wet air oxidation (CWAO) process. CWAO was carried out in batch mode using various catalysts. The investigated operating parameters are initial pH (pH
i
) 3–11, temperature (T) 100–160 °C, air partial pressure (p
air) 2–6 MPa, catalyst mass loading (C

w
) 2–5 g/L and treatment time (t

R
) of 0–6 h. Among various catalysts, the copper chloride was proved to be best for degradation of pollutants. The optimum conditions were evaluated for the degradation of organic compounds as T 130 °C, p
air 8.8 MPa, C

w
3 g/L and t

R
 = 6 h. The maximum percentage reduction of COD, phenol, and cyanide was achieved through experiment at T 160 °C, p
air 12.2 MPa, C

w
5 g/L and t

R
6 h as 97.32%, 97.94% and 99.87%, respectively. The kinetics studies were also performed to evaluate the rate constant (k), and reaction order with respect to COD, phenol, CN, CW and p
air.
Emphasizing roles of BDNF promoters and inducers in Alzheimer's disease for improving impaired cognition and memory
Authors: Banerjee Madhuparna , Shenoy Rekha R.
Published: November 2021

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a crucial neurotrophic factor adding to neurons’ development and endurance. The amount of BDNF present in the brain determines susceptibility to various neurodegenerative diseases. In Alzheimer’s disease (AD), often it is seen that low levels of BDNF are present, which primarily contributes to cognition deficit by regulating long-term potentiation (LTP) and synaptic plasticity. Molecular mechanisms underlying the synthesis, storage and release of BDNF are widely studied. New molecules are found, which contribute to the signal transduction pathway. Two important receptors of BDNF are TrkB and p75NTR. When BDNF binds to the TrkB receptor, it activates three main signalling pathways-phospholipase C, MAPK/ERK, PI3/AKT. BDNF holds an imperative part in LTP and dendritic development, which are essential for memory formation. BDNF supports synaptic integrity by influencing LTP and LTD. This action is conducted by modulating the glutamate receptors; AMPA and NMDA. This review paper discusses the aforesaid points along with inducers of BDNF. Drugs and herbals promote neuroprotection by increasing the hippocampus’ BDNF level in various disease-induced animal models for neurodegeneration. Advancement in finding pertinent molecules contributing to the BDNF signalling pathway has been discussed, along with the areas that require further research and study.
Fabrication of lithium niobate fork grating by laser-writing-induced selective chemical etching
Authors: Wang Tianxin , Xu Xiaoyi , Yang Lei , Yan Shuo , Hu Xueli , Hu Xiaopeng , Lu Xiaomei , Xiao Min , Zhang Yong
Published: November 2021

We propose and experimentally demonstrate a laser-writing-induced selective chemical etching (LWISCE) technique for effective micro-fabrication of lithium niobate (LN) crystal. Laser writing of LN crystal produces negative domains and domain walls. Also, it causes local lattice defects, in which the etching rates are significantly increased in comparison to the original LN crystal. In experiment, we use the LWISCE technique to fabricate various fork gratings in an X-cut LN crystal for the generation of vortex beams. In comparison to etching an untreated X-cut LN crystal, the etching rates of the laser-writing-induced boundaries and the central laser-irradiated areas are enhanced by a factor of 26 and 16, respectively. The width and depth of fork grating structure can be precisely controlled by laser writing parameters. Our method provides an efficient mask-free micro-fabrication technique for LN crystal, which can be readily applied to other ferroelectric crystals such as lithium tantalate, potassium titanyl phosphate and barium calcium titanate.
Spin to orbital angular momentum transfer in frequency up-conversion
Authors: Pinheiro da Silva Braian , Buono Wagner T. , Pereira Leonardo J. , Tasca Daniel S. , Dechoum Kaled , Khoury Antonio Z.
Published: November 2021

We demonstrate the spin to orbital angular momentum transfer in frequency upconversion with structured light beams. A vector vortex is coupled to a circularly polarized Gaussian beam in noncollinear second harmonic generation under type-II phase match. The second harmonic beam inherits the Hermite–Gaussian components of the vector vortex; however, the relative phase between them is determined by the polarization state of the Gaussian beam. This effect creates an interesting crosstalk between spin and orbital degrees of freedom, allowing the angular momentum transfer between them. Our experimental results match the theoretical predictions for the nonlinear optical response.
Research on the physical properties of calcium sulfate whisker and the effects of its addition on paper and its printing performance
Authors: Liu Jing , Jin Xin , Liu Haitang , An Yongzhen , Li Jie , Li Xuexiu , Chen Lin , Gao Yujie , Lu Zhenhua
Published: November 2021

In this investigation, softwood pulp and bleached wheat straw pulp were used as raw materials, and Calcium Sulfate Whiskers (CSW) were used as fillers. Based on the structural properties and characteristics of CSW, the printing properties of the paper with CSW, such as whiteness, opacity, pH value, uniformity, Z-direction tensile strength and surface strength, were analyzed. The results showed that CSW has low solubility, high retention and fiber-like appearance. The whiteness of the paper is the best when the filling amount of CSW is 20 %. The paper opacity of softwood pulp increases significantly, and the opacity of bleached wheat straw pulp decreases significantly when CSW is more than 30 %. The addition reduces pH and surface strength of the paper. The evenness of the paper does not change obviously. The Z-direction tensile strength of the paper decreases in the softwood paper, but increases obviously in the bleached wheat straw paper.
Raising awareness about gender and language among teacher-training students: A cross-cultural approach
Authors: Deutschmann Mats , Steinvall Anders , Lindvall-Östling Mattias
Published: November 2021

In accordance with the Education 2030 agenda for sustainable development goals, the aim of this study is to contribute to gender-sensitive teacher training and learning environments using matched guise-inspired methods. The article offers an account of activities aimed at raising awareness of issues related to linguistic gender stereotyping among teacher trainees in Sweden and the Seychelles. The cross-cultural comparative approach also provided an opportunity to raise students’ awareness of how gender stereotyping is culture-related, and therefore may differ depending on cultural context. Results show that there seems to be significant differences in how Swedish and Seychellois teacher trainees stereotype men and women. While both groups seem to associate typically feminine linguistic behaviour with features accommodated under Cuddy et al.’s (2008, “Warmth and competence as universal dimensions of social perception: The stereotype content model and the BIAS map.” Advances in Experimental Social Psychology 40, 61–149) “warmth dimension” (signalling interest, for example), behaviours typically associated with agentic behaviour and the competence dimension, such as taking space in a conversation and forcefully arguing one’s case, seem to be regarded as relatively masculine in Sweden, but not in the Seychelles, arguably a result of a generally negative construction of masculinity in the Seychelles. Based on the responses from a post-survey, it is evident that a majority of those who participated in the exercise gained new insights into the mechanisms of gender stereotyping, knowledge that they also could relate to themselves and their own behaviour.
Investigation on the relationship between CT numbers and marble failure under different confining pressures
Authors: Yan-Shuang Yang , Kai-Yue Li , Hui Zhou , Hao-Yuan Tian , Wei Cheng , Zhan-Rong Zhang , Musonda Kaunda
Published: November 2021

Computed tomography (CT) scanning technology is helpful in investigating rock materials as it can demonstrate the micro structure of rock clearly. Conventional triaxial compression tests and the corresponding graded triaxial loading tests were carried out to investigate the complex failure mechanism of the marble at the Jinping Hydropower Station. After that CT-scanning tests were done on the loaded marble specimens. The test results show that (1) the CT numbers of the specimens have a certain statistical regularity, that is, the CT numbers of the specimens under different confining pressures satisfy the Weibull distribution, as the confining pressure increases, the mean values rise while variances decrease; (2) in the two groups of tests, the average CT numbers corresponding to the conventional triaxial tests are higher than those corresponding to the graded loading tests, but the CT number variances are lower than those of the graded loading tests; and (3) according to meso-damage mechanics, the damage variables of the rock specimens were established based on the definition of CT numbers. The calculation results show that the damage variables decrease with the increase in confining pressure, the damage variables of the rock specimens in the graded loading tests are higher than those in the conventional triaxial test, and the differences between the two loading tests have grown with the increase in confining pressure.
A társadalomföldrajzi folyóiratok rangsorának alakulása a Scimago adatbázisa alapján
Authors:   SZTE, Gazdaság- és Társadalomföldrajz Tanszék, Kovalcsik Tamás , Vida György ,   SZTE, Közgazdaságtani és Gazdaságfejlesztési Intézet, Boros Lajos ,   SZTE, Gazdaság- és Társadalomföldrajz Tanszék
Published: November 2021

One of the main consequences of the neoliberalization of scientific life is the growing demand for measurement and comparability of scientific achievements, not only by the academia but also by society as a financier and the economy as a customer. Thus, more and more attention is being paid to journal rankings created by prestigious (and generally Anglo-Saxon-dominated) reference databases (Web of Science or Scimago) that make this possible. They play a key role in the allocation of research resources; the promotion of researchers thus also influences the publication strategies. The study aims to explore the changes and certain spatial aspects in rankings within the Geography, Planning and Development category. The research is based on the analysis of the quartile classification of human geography journals indexed in the Scimago database. Our results show what are the factors that influence the relative position of a particular journal, and through this, the indicators of researcher success.
Dietary Macronutrient Imbalances Lead to Compensatory Changes in Peripheral Taste via Independent Signaling Pathways
Authors: Ganguly Anindya , Dey Manali , Scott Christi , Duong Vi-Khoi , Arun Dahanukar Anupama
Published: November 2021

Food choice, in animals, has been known to change with internal nutritional state and also with variable dietary conditions. To better characterize mechanisms of diet-induced plasticity of food preference inDrosophila melanogaster, we synthesized diets with macronutrient imbalances and examined how food choice and taste sensitivity were modified in flies that fed on these diets. We found that dietary macronutrient imbalances caused compensatory behavioral shifts in both sexes to increase preference for the macronutrient that was scant in the food source, and simultaneously reduce preference for the macronutrient that was enriched. Further analysis with females revealed analogous changes in sweet taste responses in labellar neurons, with increased sensitivity on sugar-reduced diet and decreased sensitivity on sugar-enriched diet. Interestingly, we found differences in the onset of changes in taste sensitivity and behavior, which occur over 1–4 d, in response to dietary sugar reduction or enrichment. To investigate molecular mechanisms responsible for diet-induced taste modulation, we used candidate gene and transcriptome analyses. Our results indicate that signaling viaDop2Ris involved in increasing cellular and behavioral sensitivity to sugar as well as in decreasing behavioral sensitivity to amino acids on dietary sugar reduction. On the other hand, cellular and behavioral sensitivity to sugar relies ondilp5and a decrease in sugar preference following dietary sugar abundance was correlated with downregulation ofdilp5. Together, our results suggest that feeding preference for sugar and amino acid can be modulated independently to facilitate food choice that accounts for prior dietary experience.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTAnimals adjust their feeding preferences based on prior dietary experiences. Here, we find that upon dietary macronutrient deprivation, flies undergo compensatory changes in food preference. The altered preference correlates with changes in peripheral taste sensitivity. WhileDop2Rmediates changes following dietary sugar reduction, downregulation ofdilp5is associated with changes caused by a sugar-enriched diet. This study contributes to a better understanding of neurophysiological plasticity of the taste system in flies, and its role in facilitating adjustment of foraging behavior based on nutritional requirements.
Functional design of sonotrodes for deep-drawing of cardboard
Authors: Löwe Albrecht , Nikowski Anke , Hauptmann Marek
Published: November 2021

The functional design of ultrasonic sonotrodes for deep-drawing is considered. The achievable stability, shape deviation, and surface roughness of deep-drawn cups were determined as a function of the vibration mode, the vibration amplitude, and the contact pressure as it occurs in the gap between the tools. Because the development of sonotrodes is complex and expensive, substitute experiments were conducted that allowed the cup parameters to be determined even without the manufacture of numerous sonotrodes, thus minimizing the effort involved. The results showed that the vibration mode, which determines the angle at which the vibration hits the material surface, is the most important influencing factor. The best way to increase stability and reduce shape deviation and surface roughness is to use an oscillation that hits the material surface perpendicularly during the entire deep-drawing process. With perpendicular vibration, the strength of the cup wall increased up to 200% compared to the one produced without ultrasound. The surface roughness could be reduced to 50% with the vertical vibration compared to without ultrasonic support.
Entre las presencias, los pliegues y la racionalidad: vida y procesos de Ordenamiento asociados a la profilaxis previa a la exposición (PREP) en Colombia
Authors: Vallejo-Díaz Diego
Published: November 2021

Este texto explora la manera en que los procesos de regulación de la profilaxis previa a la exposición o profilaxis preexposición (PREP, por sus siglas en inglés) en Colombia se articulan con la vida de las personas que animan la existencia de esta tecnología, ya sea como usuarios del sistema de salud o fuera de este, vendedores del medicamento, integrantes de organizaciones de base comunitaria que trabajan en torno al virus de inmunodeficiencia humana (vih), activistas que exigen su disponibilidad o médicos que la prescriben. Propongo un viaje de ida y vuelta entre la experiencia de estas personas y la aparición de un modelo de racionalidad que apuesta por la regulación de la tecnología, a través del cual se pone en evidencia la política ontológica que está detrás de la demanda por la disponibilidad de esta tecnología de prevención del VIH, que pone en tensión las formas comunitarias de participar de la PREP y los marcos centrados en el individuo como agente autónomo.
La regulación de la placenta en Chile. reflexiones antropológicas en torno a las políticas públicas y la legislación sanitaria
Authors: Bustos Bárbara Fransisca
Published: November 2021

El sistema de salud chileno ha propuesto la modificación reglamentaria que permite la entrega de la placenta a mujeres indígenas y no indígenas. En este artículo reflexiono sobre las racionalidades estatales que subyacen a ese proceso y sobre el papel de la antropología en el abordaje de las políticas públicas con pueblos indígenas. Basada en mi experiencia profesional como antropóloga en la División de Políticas Públicas del Ministerio de Salud de Chile, sugiero que tras la institucionalidad estatal, caracterizada por su formalidad y discursos técnicos-políticos amparados en el lenguaje científico, emergen decisiones y argumentos basados en valores y principios morales. Por medio de notas de campo, participación en reuniones, interacción con funcionarios públicos y revisión de documentos, propongo que la modificación de una normativa regulatoria no es solo un acto administrativo sino un lugar donde se expresan prácticas contradictorias, subjetivas y heterogéneas, que intervienen las formas de estar en la sociedad.
A figura da mulher subalterna em Machado de Assis
Authors: Cordeiro Antonia Claudia de Andrade
Published: November 2021

Este trabalho propõe uma reflexão sobre a representação de uma figura subalterna em Machado de Assis, a personagem Mariana, do conto “Capítulo dos Chapéus” (1883). Analisa-se como o autor, no âmbito da representação, constrói um sujeito feminino subalterno e como ele expõe as estruturas de poder em uma sociedade patriarcal, no contexto da segunda metade do século XIX no Brasil. Para esta análise, são considerados os seguintes aspectos de figuração da personagem:  história de vida,  traços fisionômicos,  retrato psicológico e  personagem em ação. Consideram-se também as relações que essa personagem estabelece com as demais e a imagem que ela constrói de si mesma a partir dessa interação. Busca-se também compreender como o narrador e as outras personagens atuam nesse processo de figuração e até que ponto eles revelam essa posição de subalternidade assumida por Mariana. Machado de Assis é visto como um escritor atento às questões de seu tempo, pois atesta, no contexto do Patriarcalismo da época, a supremacia masculina em relação à mulher. Os resultados também apontam para dois procedimentos típicos de Machado de Assis: o de lançar mão de diferentes perspectivas para dar a conhecer suas personagens e o de utilizar pormenores significativos que revelam muito dessas personagens.
Grito de protesto
Authors: Resende Joelma de Araújo Silva , Santos Raimunda Maria dos , Pereira Jandira Lopes
Published: November 2021

Carolina Maria de Jesus (1914-1977) começou a frequentar a escola aos sete anos, quando um rico fazendeiro resolveu pagar o estudo de algumas crianças pobres do bairro onde morava. Aprendeu a ler e escrever e parou de estudar no segundo ano. Em Quarto de despejo – diário de uma favelada retrata, de maneira autobiográfica, o cotidiano da vida na favela paulista entre 1955 e 1960. Através da escrita de um diário e com linguagem simples, tenta desabafar e expor os lamentos e tristezas de sua vida como mulher-negra-favelada. Assim, pretende-se investigar em que medida a Literatura constitui-se fonte de pesquisa para a compreensão da realidade histórico-social vivenciada pela mulher negra e favelada no Brasil. O estudo bibliográfico qualitativo fundamentou-se em contribuições teóricas de críticos como Raymond Williams (1969), Jaques Le Goff (2003) e Gayatri Spivak (2010). O resultado revela que, apesar da miséria e marginalização, a mulher negra pode construir um espaço em que ela tenha voz.
Entre Bom-Crioulo e Amaro
Authors: Marcilio Carolina Marinho , Martins Elisamar Pereira , Nascimento Yago  José Eloi do , Silva Luciana de Mesquita
Published: November 2021

Neste artigo, temos como objetivo discutir a representação do sujeito subalterno na literatura de Adolfo Caminha, a partir do romance Bom-Crioulo (1895). Para tanto, utilizamos o conceito de subalternidade com base nos pensamentos de Gramsci (1999; 2000) e Spivak (1987; 2014) em articulação com questões de raça, gênero e sexualidade e abordamos os movimentos literários Realismo e Naturalismo no Brasil, em diálogo com as questões sociais relativas ao final do século XIX, época em que a obra de Caminha foi publicada. Pautados nesses pressupostos teóricos, analisamos a construção do personagem Amaro, protagonista do referido romance, com foco na masculinidade negra e em questões de afetividade, considerando-se sua condição de sujeito subalterno por ser negro e homossexual.
Becos da Memória
Authors: Silva Raissa Lauana Antunes da , Morais Jaísa Girardi
Published: November 2021

O presente trabalho visa investigar a reconstrução de identidade e de memória de uma coletividade afrodiaspórica através da narrativa Becos da Memória, de Conceição Evaristo. Narrativas que se constituem a partir de experiências negras em diáspora suscitam concepções de subjetividades que desconstroem uma narrativa hegemônica e dominante. Por meio dessa obra, há a possibilidade de explorar as vivências desses sujeitos subalternos que clamam para que suas vozes sejam escutadas e suas narrativas modificadas a partir da consciência de sua realidade. Logo, explorar as distintas histórias dos personagens é enxergar o significativo e doloroso papel da diáspora na concepção desses sujeitos ficcionais.
Feminidad disidente, maternidad no normativa y familias nocivas en “La camisa del marido” de Nélida Piñón
Authors: Leonardo-Loayza Richard
Published: November 2021

Este artículo estudia “La camisa del marido”, de Nélida Piñón. Se desea demostrar que en este texto se ofrece una representación suigéneris de la mujer, la cual ya no es más vista como un ser en minusvalía social (débil, pasivo, dependiente), sino que se presenta como alguien que posee agencia, es decir, que es capaz de problematizar su circunstancia y, además, hace algo para poder superarla. Asimismo, se desea probar que, en este cuento, se representa a la “mala madre”, entendida como el personaje femenino que no está dispuesto a seguir los mandatos sociales que la maternidad impone. Esta “mala madre” privilegia su condición individual antes que la referida a sus hijos. Finalmente, también se quiere demostrar que “La camisa del marido” es un cuento en el que se problematiza lo difícil de las relaciones familiares, las que no aseguran ni el afecto ni la armonía entre las personas que conforman una familia.
Minificção em Escribas
Authors: Bolaños Aimée Teresa González
Published: November 2021

O presente artigo reflete sobre poética e autopoética com foco na minificção como classe textual transgenérica e no marco de um projeto autoral próprio, concebido como parte da experiência de vida e de criação brasileiras. Em tal sentido, integram-se leituras críticas sobre o tema, assim como também relativas à autoficção e à bioficção. No centro dessas considerações de teoria e de crítica, a narrativa de Escribas (2013) é analisada na sua cosmovisão e composição, se aprofundando na escritura das vidas imaginárias como um laboratório de formas.
saber sobre as Plantas Alimentícias Não Convencionais (PANC) na Agricultura Familiar vinculada à Escola Família Agrícola da Região Sul (EFASUL), Canguçu, RS
Authors: Echer Reges , Rogério Mauch Carlos , Heiden Gustavo , Doring Krumreich Fernanda
Published: November 2021

A oferta alimentar no planeta está restrita a poucas plantas. Estima-se que 30 mil espécies poderiam ser utilizadas na alimentação. Porém, este conhecimento vem sendo perdido na medida que as comunidades tradicionais desaparecem. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo conhecer e registrar as plantas alimentícias não convencionais (PANC) que são reconhecidas ou utilizadas por agricultores familiares vinculados à EFASUL. Foram realizadas entrevistas para listar as PANC, bem como as formas de usos e coletas botânicas para a identificação. Foram citadas 129 espécies pertencentes a 55 famílias. As mais citadas foram Ananas bracteatus, Butia odorata, Eugenia uniflora, Psidium cattleianum e Syagrus romanzoffiana. A principal forma de consumo é ao natural, seguida por saladas e sucos. Frutos são a parte mais utilizada, seguido de folhas e flores. O registro destes saberes abre portas para novas pesquisas sobre o uso tradicional da biodiversidade local e avaliações de compostos bioativos. A busca para salvaguardar e divulgar as informações promove e valoriza a cultura e biodiversidade local, contribui com a soberania e segurança alimentar dos povos tradicionais e das futuras gerações.
Palavras-chave: Educação do campo; etnoconhecimento; agricultura familiar; agrobiodiversidade.