bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Comparative Analysis of Privacy-Preserving Large Language Models For Automated Echocardiography Report Analysis
Authors: Mahmoudi Elham , Vahdati Sanaz , Chao Chieh-Ju , Khosravi Bardia , Misra Ajay , Lopez-Jimenez Francisco , Erickson Bradley J.
Published: December 2024

Background

Automated data extraction from echocardiography reports could facilitate large-scale registry creation and clinical surveillance of valvular heart diseases (VHD). We evaluated the performance of open-source Large Language Models (LLMs) guided by prompt instructions and chain of thought (CoT) for this task.

Methods

From consecutive transthoracic echocardiographies performed in our center, we utilized 200 random reports from 2019 for prompt optimization and 1000 from 2023 for evaluation. Five instruction-tuned LLMs (Qwen2.0-72B, Llama3.0-70B, Mixtral8-46.7B, Llama3.0-8B, and Phi3.0-3.8B) were guided by prompt instructions with and without CoT to classify prosthetic valve presence and VHD severity. Performance was evaluated using classification metrics against expert-labeled ground truth. Mean Squared Error (MSE) was also calculated for predicted severity’s deviation from actual severity.

Results

With CoT prompting, Llama3.0-70B and Qwen2.0 achieved the highest performance (accuracy: 99.1% and 98.9% for VHD severity; 100% and 99.9% for prosthetic valve; MSE: 0.02 and 0.05, respectively). Smaller models showed lower accuracy for VHD severity (54.1-85.9%) but maintained high accuracy for prosthetic valve detection (>96%). CoT reasoning yielded higher accuracy for larger models while increasing processing time from 2-25 to 67-154 seconds per report. Based of CoT reasonings, the wrong predictions were mainly due to model outputs being influenced by irrelevant information in the text or failure to follow the prompt instructions.

Conclusions

Our study demonstrates the near-perfect performance of open-source LLMs for automated echocardiography report interpretation with purpose of registry formation and disease surveillance. While larger models achieved exceptional accuracy through prompt optimization, practical implementation requires balancing performance with computational efficiency.
Clinical Characteristics ofEYS-Associated Retinal Dystrophy in 295 Japanese Patients
Authors: Koyanagi Yoshito , Murakami Yusuke , Kominami Taro , Fukushima Masatoshi , Goto Kensuke , Yokota Satoshi , Mizobuchi Kei , Mawatari Go , Torii Kaoruko , Inoue Yuji , Ota Junya , Okuda Daishi , Fujiwara Kohta , Yamaga Hanayo , Hisai Takahiro , Endo Mikiko , Iijima Hanae , Kaida Tomoko , Miyata Kazunori , Nakazaki Shuji , Hayashi Takaaki , Hirami Yasuhiko , Akiyama Masato , Terao Chikashi , Momozawa Yukihide , Sonoda Koh-Hei , Nishiguchi Koji M , Ikeda Yasuhiro
Published: December 2024

Objective

To describe the clinical characteristics of Inherited retinal dystrophy (IRD) caused byEYS(EYS–RD), the most common causative gene of this disease in the Japanese population.

Design

A multicenter retrospective study

Participants

295 patients (143 men and 152 women) withEYS–RD registered in the Japan Retinitis Pigmentosa Registry Project at eight Japanese facilities.

Methods

We evaluated age at the first visit, duration of observation, age of onset, first symptoms, family history, history of consanguineous marriage, disease type, macular complications, history of cataract surgery, logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution best-corrected visual acuity (logMAR BCVA), and its progression. The mean ± standard deviation or the proportion of each parameter was calculated and compared across different variant levels.

Main Outcome Measures

Clinical parameters including age of onset, BCVA, and progression of BCVA.

Results

The mean age at the first visit was 45.5 ± 14.9 years, and the mean duration of observation was 7.7 ± 6.2 years. The mean age at disease onset was 25.5 ± 14.7 years. The first symptoms ofEYS–RD included night blindness (78.5%), visual field impairment (9.6%), and loss of visual acuity (8.0%). Family history and consanguineous marriages accounted for 29.7% and 9.3% of the patients, respectively. Rod-cone dystrophy and cone-rod dystrophy accounted for 96.3% and 2.4% of patients, respectively. The mean logMAR BCVA was 0.33 ± 0.56, and the mean progression was 0.03 ± 0.07 per year. In variant-based analyses, three East Asian–specific pathogenic variants (S1653fs, Y2935X, and G843E) caused 69.7% of JapaneseEYS–RD patients. In cases with homozygous pathogenic variants, the mean age at onset was 17.9, 27.5, and 26.2 years, and the mean progression of logMAR BCVA was 0.05 ± 0.09, 0.04 ± 0.06, and 0.04 ± 0.05 per year for S1653fs (n = 31), Y2935X (n = 13), and G843E (n = 24), respectively.

Conclusions

We described the clinical characteristics of Japanese patients withEYS–RD. The clinical differences among major East Asian–specific pathogenic variants indicate the utility of genetic testing in personalized medicine for IRD patients tailored to population characteristics.
Trapline foraging by nectar-collecting hornets
Authors: Lacombrade Mathilde , Abenis Kristine , Doussot Charlotte , Goulefert Loïc , Nanba Kenji , Bonzom Jean-Marc , Lihoreau Mathieu
Published: December 2024

Central place foraging bees, butterflies, birds and bats are known to develop routes in order to visit familiar plant resources in a stable and repeatable order called “traplines”. Here we report a similar behaviour in a social wasp, the Japanese yellow hornetVespa simillima. We monitored the foraging movements of individually marked wild hornets collecting sucrose solution on four artificial flowers placed in the field. After thirty foraging bouts, all the hornets had developed a repeatable flower visitation sequence. Using two different arrays of flowers, we show how hornets increase their foraging efficiency through time but do not always use the shortest path to visit all flowers, often favoring movements between nearest neighbor flowers over global path optimization. Our study adds nectar-foraging wasps to the growing list of animals developing traplines thereby opening new perspectives for comparative cognition research.
Mechanism of SHP2 activation by bis-Tyr-phosphorylated Gab1
Authors: Machner Lisa , Shaikhqasem Alaa , Gruber Tobias , Hamdi Farzad , Breithaupt Constanze , Kniest Judith , Wiebe Felix , Lewitzky Marc , Parthier Christoph , Kyrilis Fotis L. , Balbach Jochen , Kastritis Panagiotis L. , Feller Stephan M. , Stubbs Milton T.
Published: December 2024

The non-receptor tyrosine phosphatase SHP2 (PTPN11) is a regulator of diverse cellular functions including mitogenic activation and cell migration. SHP2 consists of two tandem SH2 domains followed by the catalytic domain, and is autoinhibited by the N-terminal SH2 domain that blocks access to the active site. Mutations that influence auto-inhibition have been implicated in cancer and other diseases, and allosteric inhibitors have been developed that stabilise the inactive state. The mechanism of SHP2 activation remains unclear, however. Here, we show that the intrinsically disordered bis-phosphorylated SHP2-activating peptide pY627pY659-Gab1 binds to both SH2 domains, undergoing a partial disorder-to-order transition in the process. In addition to eliciting changes in SH2 domain dynamics, the peptide reorganises their relative orientations to provide a new SH2-SH2 interface. Our data suggest an active conformation for SHP2 that is also applicable to the hematopoietic cell-specific SHP1 (PTPN6), shedding light on the activation mechanism of both enzymes and paving the way for the development of novel compounds that modulate SHP2 activity.
Lipid bilayers determine the allostery but not intrinsic affinity of cAMP binding to pacemaker channels
Authors: Idikuda Vinay , Roy Chowdhury Susovan , Chang Yongchang , Ren Qian , Bao Huan , Goldsmith Randall H. , Chanda Baron
Published: December 2024

In the human heart, the binding of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), a second messenger, to hyperpolarization and cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) regulates the automaticity of pacemaker cells. Recent single-molecule binding studies show that cAMP bound to each subunit of purified tetrameric HCN channels independently, in contrast to findings in cells. To explore the lipid membrane’s role in cAMP regulation, we reconstituted purified human HCN channels in various lipid nanodiscs and resolved single molecule ligand-binding dynamics. Our measurements show that lipid membranes promote cooperative binding of cAMP to HCN channels without altering the intrinsic binding affinity. Cryo-EM structures of HCN channels in lipid nanodiscs reveal enhanced inter-subunit interactions, underscoring the fundamental role of lipid membranes in amplifying the gating sensitivity of ion channels.
Spatiotemporal dynamics of EEG microstate networks over the first two years of life: A multi-cohort longitudinal study
Authors: Ghosh Priyanka , Donald Kristy , Polanczyk Guilherme V , Rodriguez Josh Paul , Team Germina Project , Team Khula Project , Working Group EEG , Shephard Elizabeth , Gabard-Durnam Laurel
Published: December 2024

The first two years of life are marked by rapid development of large-scale brain networks that support emerging cognition and behavior. Magnetic-resonance approaches have revealed much about largescale networks in sleep, but very little is known about functional network dynamics in awake, behaving infants during this period of substantial development. Microstates are brief instances of distinct spatial topographies of largescale neural activity measured with electroencephalography (EEG) that offer a novel approach to studying whole-brain network dynamics at sub-second scale in awake infants by capturing their temporally coherent brain activity. While emerging literature is leveraging microstate dynamics in adults to understand mature largescale network function, developmental trajectories during networks rapid construction in infancy remain uncharacterized. In this study, we leveraged longitudinal resting-state EEG data from 854 infants across two geoculturally diverse cohorts to explore largescale network development through EEG microstates over the first two years of life. We provide evidence for conserved emergence of various network configurations (microstate classes A-G) through infancy across cohorts using data-driven clustering analyses. We also demonstrate significant longitudinal changes in microstate dynamics during this period, characterized by more numerous and more rapid transitions between largescale configurations, especially over early infancy. While patterns of sensory microstate development were largely consistent between cohorts, higher-order cognitive microstates showed context-specific developmental trends. Together these results provide novel insights into how large-scale brain networks functionally develop and organize across the first two years of life.
Deciphering the molecular mechanism associated with the interaction of TULP3 and Histone deacetylases, SIRT1 and SIRT2
Authors: Manjula Ramu , Krishnappa Gopinatha , Sriram Vikeraman , Balasundaram Padmanabhan
Published: December 2024

Tubby-like protein-3 (TULP3), a member of the tubby family, is recognized for its role in ciliary trafficking, linking membrane-associated proteins to the intraflagellar transport complex A (IFT-A). Mammalian tubby family proteins (TULP1-4), featuring a C-terminal tubby domain, play crucial roles in intracellular transport, signaling, cell differentiation, and motility. TULP3 is also associated with renal and hepatic fibrocystic disease and liver, kidney, and heart degeneration. However, the modulation of TULP3 function and its interacting partners in the cell still need to be understood. Recent studies have indicated interactions between TULP3 and various proteins, including acetylating and deacetylating enzymes. In this study, we investigate the interaction of TULP3 with Sirtuins, SIRT1, and SIRT2 using biochemical and biophysical techniques. Our findings revealed that both the N- and C-terminal domains of TULP3 are necessary for the interaction with SIRT1 and SIRT2. Furthermore, we have identified that TULP3 is not a deacetylation substrate for SIRT1.
Distinct ecotoxicological impairs induced by differentMicrocystisgenotypes to Medaka fish
Authors: Marie Benjamin , Meur Maiwenn Le , Duval Charlotte , Quiquand Manon , Lance Emilie , Duperron Sébastien
Published: December 2024

One of the most prevalent and notorious bloom-forming freshwater cyanobacterial genus isMicrocystis, whom toxicological impairs yet remain incompletely investigated. Based on our previous studies, we hypothesize that some emergingMicrocystismetabolites, in addition to microcystins (MCs), are of (eco)toxicological concerns and should be further investigated. To this end, we explore the ecotoxicological potential of differentMicrocystisgenotypes producing various bio-active metabolite cocktails, particularly cyanopeptides of different structural families including MCs, cyanopeptolins, microginins, anabaenopetins, aeruginosins or microcyclamides, on embryo/larvae and adult Medaka fish model.

Embryo and larvae exposures to the extracts of the four distinctMicrocystisgenotypes - comprising two MC-producing (PMC 728.11 and 807.12) and two non-MC-producing (PMC 810.12 and 826.12) strains – showed that PMC 810.12 and 826.12 respectively producing microginins, aeruginosins and microcyclamides exhibit early toxicity and teratogenicity, while PMC 728.11 presented rather larvae toxicity on hatched larvae, in agreement with its high MC content. In addition, we conducted a 4-days microcosm experiment with adult female Medaka exposed to environmental concentrations of these fourMicrocystisstrain cultures to document the microbiome and metabolome responses. Fishes exposed to PMC 728.11 exhibited microbiota dysbiosis signature, while exposure to PMC 826.12 perturbated the fish digestion process inducing even more pronounced microbial and metabolic alterations. The two other strains provoked more moderate perturbations. These findings highlight toxic effects on fish exposed to both MC-as well as non-MC-producing cyanobacteria, suggesting complex interplay and effects of undocumented cyanobacterial bio-active and toxic compounds basides MCs during blooms ofMicrocystis.
Characterization and calibration of DECTRIS PILATUS3 X CdTe 2M high-Z hybrid pixel detector for high-precision powder diffraction measurements
Authors: Vaughan Gavin B. M. , Checchia Stefano , Di Michiel Marco
Published: December 2024

Silicon-based hybrid photon-counting pixel detectors have become the standard for diffraction experiments of all types at low and moderate X-ray energies. More recently, hybrid pixel detectors with high-Z materials have become available, opening up the benefits of this technology for high-energy diffraction experiments. However, detection layers made of high-Z materials are less perfect than those made of silicon, so care must be taken to correct the data in order to remove systematic errors in detector response introduced by inhomogeneities in the detection layer, in addition to the variation of the response of the electronics. In this paper we discuss the steps necessary to obtain the best-quality powder diffraction data from these detectors, and demonstrate that these data are significantly superior to those acquired with other high-energy detector technologies.
Intensity corrections for grazing-incidence X-ray diffraction of thin films using static area detectors
Authors: Gasser Fabian , Simbrunner Josef , Huck Marten , Moser Armin , Steinrück Hans-Georg , Resel Roland
Published: December 2024

Grazing-incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXD) is the technique of choice for obtaining crystallographic information from thin films. An essential step in the evaluation of GIXD data is the extraction of peak intensities, as they are directly linked to the positions of individual atoms within the crystal unit cell. In order to obtain reliable intensities independent of the experimental setup, a variety of correction factors need to be applied to measured GIXD raw data. These include the polarization of the incident beam, solid-angle variations, absorption effects, the transmission coefficient and the Lorentz correction. The aim of this work is to provide a systematic compilation of these intensity corrections required for state-of-the-art GIXD setups with static area detectors. In a first step, analytical formulae are derived on the basis of theoretical considerations. The obtained intensity corrections are then applied to measured GIXD raw data from samples with different textures, including a single crystal and thin films containing either randomly distributed or oriented crystallites. By taking advantage of the symmetries inherent in the different types of textures, integrated peak intensities are determined, and these are compared with intensities calculated from single-crystal diffraction data from the literature. Accurate intensity corrections promise an improved quality of crystal structure solution from thin films and contribute to achieving accurate phase and texture quantifications from GIXD measurements.
Counter-diffusion studies of human transthyretin: the growth of high-quality crystals for X-ray and neutron crystallography
Authors: De'Ath Clare , Oliva Mizar F. , Moulin Martine , Blakeley Matthew P. , Haertlein Michael , Mitchell Edward P. , Gavira José A. , Bowler Matthew W. , Forsyth V. Trevor
Published: December 2024

A crystallogenesis study of human transthyretin using the counter-diffusion method is described as an alternative to conventional convective vapour diffusion and batch approaches for protein crystallization. The X-ray diffraction results show systematic trends that exhibit unique patterns of crystallization and high crystal quality as well as a remarkable degree of coherence within extended crystal rods that wholly fill the capillaries used. Preliminary neutron diffraction data have been recorded from a number of these samples, validating the feasibility of this methodology for neutron crystallography.
Calculation of pair distribution functions from small-angle X-ray scattering protein data by direct transform
Authors: Badger John
Published: December 2024

In a small-angle X-ray scattering analysis of protein molecules in solution the calculation of the pair distribution function, P(r), is invariably performed by an indirect Fourier transform. This approach models a P(r) to fit the available intensity data, I(q). The determination of P(r) via a direct transform from I(q) has been dismissed as unworkable since the range of q that is experimentally measured is necessarily incomplete. Here, it is shown that, provided suitable measures are taken to estimate unmeasured low-resolution data and avoid a sharp data truncation at the high-resolution data limit, the appearance of significant artifacts in the resulting P(r) may be circumvented. Using several examples taken from the Small Angle Scattering Biological Data Bank, it is demonstrated that the P(r) obtained by a direct transform are in close agreement with the P(r) obtained using the popular indirect transform program GNOM.
The change of consumer-domestic brand attitude under the influence of multi-period public opinion events: evidence from Chinese fast-fashion clothing brands
Authors: Han Zhao
Published: December 2024

Purpose

This study aims to conduct a dynamic analysis of consumer attitudes towards domestic brands under the influence of multiple-period opinion events, providing methodological guidance for the overall development of fast-fashion clothing brands.

Design/methodology/approach

This study takes the Xinjiang cotton event and ERKE donation event in 2021 as the samples and Weibo comments on the hot topic of the fact that ANTA’s total turnover exceeded NIKE’s on the 2021 Double 11 as the first and explores the process and influencing factors of consumer domestic brand attitude change through latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) model.

Findings

Under the influence of multiple public opinion events, consumers’ attitudes towards domestic brands experienced changes from brand awareness and brand identification to brand loyalty. First of all, patriotism and the awareness of Chinese goods lead to consumers’ brand awareness. The social responsibility and perceived quality of the later stage will stimulate consumers’ brand identification. Finally, the matching of national pride and perceived products will promote consumers’ brand loyalty.

Originality/value

This study establishes a model of the evolution of consumer attitudes towards domestic brands, revealing for the first time from a dynamic perspective the factors influencing these attitudes. This study offers a novel perspective on the processes and structures of the relationship between consumers and domestic brands.
Transitioning to a circular economy in the construction demolition industry: a bibliometric analysis
Authors: Sadiq Muhammad , Khalfan Malik Mansoor Ali
Published: December 2024

Purpose

This study aims to address the research gaps in the application of circular economy (CE) principles within the construction demolition industry (CDI) by providing an updated overview of key themes, trends and challenges. Using a bibliometric approach, it seeks to highlight the transformative potential of CE adoption in CDI, focusing on strategies for waste reduction, resource efficiency and supply chain optimization to support sustainable development.

Design/methodology/approach

Bibliometric analysis using the Scopus database was employed to systematically review the literature on CE principles in the CDI from 2014 to 2023. The analysis involved a four-step assessment, including qualitative reviews and quantitative evaluations, to identify key themes, trends, challenges and opportunities in CE research within the CDI. The intricate relationship between CE principles with a specific emphasis on CDI, building practices and supply chain management was explored.

Findings

The findings underscore a significant emphasis on circularity principles, interdisciplinary collaboration and the integration of emerging technologies for efficient waste management. Experiencing a remarkable annual growth rate of 60.58%, particularly evident over the past five years, the escalating volume of relevant publications reflects an expanding interest in the CE within the CDI and related supply chain subjects. This underscores academia’s pivotal role in advancing the transition toward a circular construction economy.

Originality/value

The study recommends refining CE strategies by exploring the circular design paradigms, optimizing supply chains, integrating digital technologies, establishing standardized metrics and scrutinizing CE’s impact within the CDI.
Economic conditions, climate change and housing affordability across US states: the mediating role of interest rates in a panel data analysis
Authors: Salisu Afees Adebare , Isah Kazeem Ovanero , Olaniran Abeeb Olatunde
Published: December 2024

Purpose

The issue of housing affordability is a serious concern, as it affects households’ ability to cover housing expenses without sacrificing other essential needs. However, housing affordability is not solely dependent on economic conditions. The consequences of climate change, such as extreme weather events can worsen the housing crisis by reducing the supply of affordable housing and driving up costs. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to investigate how in addition to economic conditions, climate change affect the affordability of housing in the USA using state-level data covering the 50 states in the country.

Design/methodology/approach

This study used a panel autoregressive distributed lag model to estimate short- and long-term effects and analyzed economic periods before and after the global financial crisis. This study also divided the states into two regions, the hottest and coldest, to examine differences in housing affordability.

Findings

The findings reveal some crucial facts about housing affordability concerning economic conditions and climate change. The study shows result that suggests better economic conditions lead to increased housing affordability, particularly in colder regions. Additionally, climate change positively affects housing affordability in the short term. Finally, this study confirms the important role of interest rates in the relationship between economic conditions and housing affordability.

Originality/value

The review of existing works indicates that studies on housing concerning economic conditions and climate change at disaggregated levels are very scarce. As a result, this study pays attention to investigating the connection between housing affordability and economic conditions for 50 states in the USA. Additionally, this study makes some extensions by examining the role of climate change and how interest rates could mediate in the nexus given either improved or depressed economic conditions.
Interlocking director networks and corporate digital transformation: evidence from China
Authors: Zhang Jinghan , Zhou Hang , Zhang Xinrui
Published: December 2024

Purpose

This study investigates the role of interlocking director networks (IDN) in driving corporate digital transformation (CDT) and explores the moderating role of agency costs, diversification and financial distress.

Design/methodology/approach

The analysis uses data from Chinese A-share listed companies on the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges from 2006 to 2021. A two-way fixed-effects model is employed to assess the impact of IDNs on CDT.

Findings

The results indicate that IDNs positively affect CDT. Furthermore, this effect is enhanced by agency costs and financial distress, while diversification acts as a negative moderator.

Originality/value

Informal institutions such as IDNs play a significant role in corporate governance in China’s relational society. This study focuses on the influence of informal institutions on digital transformation, expanding the understanding of the economic consequences of IDNs and enriching the literature on factors influencing digital transformation.
Direct and indirect effects of unconditional conservatism on investment efficiency
Authors: Meucci Fiorenza , Caldarelli Adele , Maffei Marco
Published: December 2024

Purpose

This study aims to investigate the effects of unconditional conservatism on investment efficiency, focusing on both its direct and indirect effects.

Design/methodology/approach

We conduct multiple regression analyses on a sample of nonfinancial companies listed on the New York Stock Exchange from 2010 to 2018.

Findings

We provide evidence that conditional conservatism plays a central role in mediating the indirect effects of unconditional conservatism on investment efficiency. This is because a decrease in conditional conservatism, following an increase in unconditional conservatism, leads to reduced investment efficiency.

Research limitations/implications

This study offers valuable insights for the growing body of literature on the relationship between accounting conservatism and investment efficiency while emphasizing the critical role of conditional conservatism in mediating the relationship between unconditional conservatism and investment efficiency.

Practical implications

This study has several implications. Practitioners can make informed decisions regarding accounting policies, predict the potential effects of these choices and mitigate the negative impact of unconditional conservatism on investment efficiency. Investors can make more informed decisions by understanding how unconditional and conditional conservatism affect investment efficiency. Standard setters can guide user behavior toward more efficient investment decisions.

Originality/value

Considering the lack of comprehensive understanding in prior literature regarding the underlying mechanisms through which unconditional conservatism influences investment efficiency, this study investigates the direct and indirect effects characterizing this relationship. We provide evidence supporting a new explanation for the relationship between unconditional conservatism and investment efficiency.
Artificial intelligence (AI)-augmented knowledge management capability and clinical performance: implications for marketing strategies in health-care sector
Authors: Kumar Pradeep
Published: December 2024

Purpose

This study aims to explore the constituents of artificial intelligence (AI)-augmented knowledge management (AIKM) capability and its impact on clinical performance (CP) in the health-care sector. It further examines the mediating role of absorptive capacity (Abs Cap) and discusses the implications of these findings for marketing strategies, highlighting how enhanced CP through AIKM can lead to more effective and patient-centered marketing approaches.

Design/methodology/approach

This research uses a mixed-method design. A qualitative study through semi-structured interviews was conducted to explore the facets of AIKM. The synthesis of qualitative findings infused with the relevant literature to develop a hypothesized model of AKM, Abs cap and CP metrics (e.g. diagnostic accuracy, patient satisfaction and treatment effectiveness). A survey of health-care professional in India was conducted to assess the proposed model by using structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM).

Findings

The results demonstrate a significant positive relationship between AIKM and CP. Moreover, Abs Cap mediates this relationship partially, highlighting its crucial role in translating improved knowledge access and analysis enabled by AI into enhanced clinical outcomes.

Research limitations/implications

The findings suggest that health-care organizations should invest in developing AIKM alongside strengthening Abs cap to maximize the positive impact of AI on CP and ultimately improve patient care. Future research can explore specific AIKM components and Abs cap facets influencing different aspects of CP.

Originality/value

This study represents a pioneering effort to conceptualize AIKM within the health-care context and empirically establish it as a higher-order factor. The inclusion of marketing strategies underscores the potential of AIKM not only in improving clinical outcomes but also in transforming health-care marketing. The mediating role of Abs Cap emphasizes the importance of organizational structures and processes that facilitate the absorption and utilization of knowledge, thereby contributing to both clinical and marketing excellence.
Design knowledge recommendation approach for cloud manufacturing platform based on designer knowledge abilities
Authors: Cheng Fangmin , Chen Chen , Zhang Yuhong , Yu Suihuai
Published: December 2024

Purpose

Cloud manufacturing platform has a high degree of openness, with a large variety of users having different needs. Designers on such platforms exhibit great differences in their knowledge abilities and knowledge needs, necessitating the cloud platform to provide personalized knowledge recommendation. To satisfy the personalized knowledge needs of the designers in product design tasks and other manufacturing tasks on a cloud manufacturing platform and provide them with high-quality knowledge resources, a knowledge recommendation method based on designers’ knowledge ability is proposed. The proposed method, with appropriate adjustments, can also be used for personalized knowledge recommendation to other personnel or institutions in cloud manufacturing platforms.

Design/methodology/approach

A knowledge recommendation method model is developed. The method consists of three stages. First, a designer knowledge system is constructed based on customer reviews in historical tasks, and designer knowledge ability and knowledge demand degree are quantitatively evaluated by synthesizing customer reviews and expert evaluations. Subsequently, the design knowledge domain ontology is constructed, and knowledge resources and tasks are modeled based on the ontology. Finally, the semantic similarity between tasks and knowledge resources and the knowledge demand degree of designers are integrated to calculate the knowledge recommendation coefficient, which realizes the personalized knowledge recommendation of designers.

Findings

Two design tasks of a 3D printing cloud platform are taken as examples to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method. Compared with other methods, it is proved that the method proposed in this paper can obtain more knowledge resources that meet the needs of designers and tasks.

Originality/value

The method proposed in this paper is important for the expansion of data applications of the cloud manufacturing platform and for enriching the knowledge recommendation method. The proposed method has two innovations. First, both designer needs and task needs are considered in knowledge recommendation. Compared with most of the existing methods, which only consider one factor, this method is more comprehensive. Second, the designer’s knowledge ability model is constructed by using customer reviews on the cloud manufacturing platform. This overcomes the defect of low accuracy of the interest model in existing methods and makes full use of the big data of the cloud manufacturing platform.
Mental Health Treatment Access: Experience, Hypotheticals, and Public Opinion
Authors: HASELSWERDT JAKE
Published: December 2024

Policy Points

Policymakers should consider both material (e.g., cost) and attitudinal (e.g., skepticism) barriers to mental health treatment access.

Public support for government action on mental health is high but varies based on experience‐based and hypothetical beliefs about barriers to treatment.

Appeals to personal experience and perspective‐taking may be successful in building support for government action on mental health.

Context

Mental health problems represent a major public health issue for the United States, and access to mental health treatment is both inadequate and unevenly distributed. There is a strong justification for government action on mental health treatment, but it is unclear whether there is a political constituency for such action. Existing work suggests that stigma and othering of people with mental illnesses contributes to reduced support for intervention. I expand on the existing literature by focusing on mental health as an issue that may apply to Americans’ own lives rather than only to a stigmatized outgroup.

Methods

Using original questions on a nationally representative 2023 survey of 1,000 American adults, I measured agreement with statements about barriers to mental health treatment access that respondents have experienced or, if they have not sought treatment, their hypothetical assessment of these barriers. I also measured their support for statements in favor of change to address mental health. I analyzed the demographic and political correlates of agreement with the barrier statements and used regressions to examine their possible causal effect on support for change.

Findings

Agreement with statements about access barriers follows expected patterns in some cases (e.g., socioeconomic status) but not in others (e.g., race/ethnicity). I also documented a notable partisan and ideological divide in these experiences and beliefs. I found that Americans who agreed that material factors are a barrier to access were more supportive of action on mental health, whereas those who agreed with statements suggesting discomfort or skepticism were less supportive.

Conclusions

These findings suggest that personal experience and perspective‐taking should be integrated into the study of public opinion on mental health, complementing existing work on stigma and othering. Appeals to experience and perspective‐taking may be a successful strategy for building public support for action on mental health.
Dimensions and position of the eye for facial approximations in a South African cone beam computed tomography sample
Authors: Van der Walt Soné , Oettlé Anna C.
Published: December 2024

Accurate population and sex‐specific normative values for the orbital and ocular dimensions, including the position and protrusion of the eye relative to the orbital rim, are vital for reliable facial approximations. In studies utilizing cadaveric tissue and computed tomography scans, the observed measurements may be influenced by desiccation, distortion or gravity, respectively. This study assessed the dimensions of the eye and orbit and established the position and protrusion of the eye relative to the orbital margin using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans to negate the effect of gravity in the supine position. Scans of 197 adult South Africans (45 Black females, 49 Black males, 55 White females, and 48 White males) were selected retrospectively from private and public hospitals in Pretoria, South Africa. Linear distances were calculated from three‐dimensional landmarks placed on the orbital rim and ocular equator using the MeVisLab © v.3.0.2 software. White females presented with significantly larger orbital heights and axial lengths of the eyes compared to Black females, while the eyeballs of Black females protruded more from the superior and lateral orbital margins. Black females presented with significantly smaller dimensions than Black males. On the contrary, White males exhibited significantly larger protrusion values than White females. The results of this study corroborate with the literature that sex, population, and modality significantly influence the position of the eye in the orbit, which emphasizes the necessity of creating population‐ and sex‐specific facial approximations guidelines for the placement of the eye in the orbit.
Alopecia Universalis in a Multiple Sclerosis Patient After Switching From Rituximab to Ocrelizumab: A Case Report
Authors: Mahyad Mahshid , Baghaei Mahdieh , Baghaei Ava , Nahayati Mohammadali
Published: December 2024

Ocrelizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody, which acts as an anti‐CD20 antibody. It is used as a treatment of both relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) and Progressive types. The aim of this study is to report the first patient with alopecia universalis after switching from rituximab to ocrelizumab. A 37‐year‐old woman with a history of SPMS, diagnosed 8 years ago, used to be treated with rituximab. Her drug was switched to ocrelizumab from 6 months ago. She presented with patchy scalp hair loss a day after receiving the second dose of ocrelizumab. Her hair loss rapidly progressed in 3–4 days to total body hair loss in a patchy pattern. Ocrelizumab may be responsible for autoimmune reactions such as alopecia universalis in immunocompromised patients.
Operating flexibility and optimal capital structure
Authors: Charupat Narat , Sarkar Sudipto
Published: December 2024

The effect of operating flexibility on leverage ratio is not clear, with papers pointing to both positive and negative relationships. Using production switching cost as a measure of operating flexibility, we show that it has two opposing effects: it increases firm value (positive) and increases cost of debt (negative), thus the overall effect is ambiguous. In general, however, the overall effect is negative and small in magnitude. It is stronger when profit margin, growth rate, tax rate, and bankruptcy cost are small, and when volatility is large. Our results help reconcile conflicting predictions in the theoretical literature with empirical findings.
Shark feeding affects health and female reproductive investment in blacktip reef sharks from French Polynesia
Authors: Mills S. C. , Planes S. , Mourier J.
Published: December 2024

Ecotourism is branded as transforming wildlife biodiversity conservation; yet, its positive and negative effects are not always assessed in wild populations. Wildlife viewing with feeding is a popular form of ecotourism, but its potential health impacts on wildlife are becoming increasingly evident. Shark feeding is a global phenomenon; however, impact studies on species' persistence (i.e. survival and reproduction) are lacking. In this study, we expand upon previous work on shark tourism and use physiological indicators to assess the sub‐lethal health and fitness consequences of shark feeding. Blood cellular, biochemical and endocrinological parameters were sampled from 117 adult wild blacktip reef sharks, Carcharhinus melanopterus, at feeding and non‐feeding sites around Mo'orea, French Polynesia, to compare general condition, nutritional status, a metabolism proxy and reproductive investment on the respective sites. In addition to sex‐ and season‐specific differences observed in multiple physiological parameters, we found lower haematocrit levels (condition) at feeding sites for both sexes, as well as lower insulin levels (metabolism proxy) in male sharks at feeding sites. Further impacts of feeding on physiology were found in interaction with the breeding season: adult females using feeding sites had lower glucose levels (nutritional status), as well as lower 17β‐oestradiol levels during the breeding season (reproductive investment) compared to non‐feeding sites. Male sharks using feeding sites during the breeding season exhibited higher levels of testosterone compared to non‐feeding sites. Our results suggest that tourism feeding activity in Mo'orea provides poor nutrition and/or unpredictable food, especially for site‐attached females during the energy‐intensive breeding season. We highlight how physiological indicators reveal negative health and fitness impacts of shark feeding, with the reproductive impacts potentially having longer‐lasting consequences for population dynamics, making feeding an ecological trap. Animal sex and season should be considered when evaluating feeding impacts, and stricter regulations for the nutritional content of the food given to sharks are needed in ecotourism management.
Climate and soil conditions shape farmers’ climate change adaptation preferences
Authors: Stetter Christian , Cronauer Carla
Published: December 2024

Climate change poses a significant threat to agriculture and challenges farmers’ adaptive capacity. Understanding how farmers evaluate and prioritize different climate change adaptation measures under consideration of their natural environment is crucial yet widely overlooked. This study determines the relative importance that farmers attach to different adaptation measures and explores the role of climatic and soil conditions in this context. It uses a best‐worst scaling experiment with German arable farmers in combination with geospatial climate and soil information. Findings reveal a preference for incremental adaptation measures over more transformative ones. However, preferences varied considerably with average local temperature, precipitation, and soil quality. The finding that farmers’ adaptation preferences are highly diverse and context‐specific calls for tailored policies. It is crucial for policymakers to have a thorough understanding of farmers’ adaptation preferences. Based on the results, the study discusses multiple actions that policymakers can take to incentivize farmers to favor more effective adaptation measures.
Interventions to foster connections and interactions
Authors: Alberts Jeffrey , Ahlqvist‐Björkroth Sari , Lehtonen Liisa , Montirosso Rosario
Published: December 2024

Background

The Special Issue articles describe six systems of parental interventions and developmental care several differences among each of the approaches. Nevertheless, on a deeper level there are profound similarities shared across the six systems. These similarities are at the heart of developmental care in general and parental interventions in particular.

Aim

The aim of this paper is to highlight the commonalities of these systems of developmental processes and parental interventions.

Materials and Methods

We discuss the concept of symbiosis as a theoretical framework for entering into a new understanding of mother‐infant and family systems biology based on perspectives that share themes of interconnection and mutualism.

Results

There are many rigorous, empirical studies of co‐regulation, mutualism and interdependence in the human parent‐offspring system that is moving us forward into this new territory. Perspectives that emphasize interconnection and interpenetration, reciprocity and mutualism, and integration over reduction are expanding to fill the spaces needed to answer today's questions.

Discussion

Recent contributions of perspectives on neurocognitive development have buttressed the symbiosis view with constructs of prenatal origins, such as ‘co‐embodiment’ and ‘co‐homeostasis’, that illuminate maternal–fetal reciprocities seen to underlie initiation and maintenance of developmental trajectories essential to support fetuses born prematurely into a NICU environment.

Conclusion

The six systems of parental intervention and developmental care presented in this Special Issue represent foundational approaches to developmental care for prematurely born infants. All these approaches recognize forms of reciprocity and mutualism on many levels, always including the infants as active parts of multiple regulatory systems.
Unexplained gut symptoms in extremely preterm infants are associated with gastrointestinal dysfunction at 5.5 years
Authors: Kristjánsson Júlíus , Sävman Karin , Allvin Kerstin , Elfvin Anders
Published: December 2024

Aim

To evaluate whether extremely preterm infants with considerable gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms during the neonatal period, but without major abdominal surgery or necrotising enterocolitis, had an increased probability of developing GI dysfunction later in life.

Methods

A retrospective, case‐control study on extremely preterm neonates that underwent an upper gastrointestinal contrast series (UGI) between 2012 and 2017, with UGI used as a marker of considerable GI symptoms. Controls were matched for sex and gestational age. The primary outcome was GI dysfunction requiring ongoing medical support at 5.5 years. Secondary outcomes included respiratory, neurological and growth abnormalities.

Results

Thirty‐three patients and 66 controls were included; mean gestational age at birth was 25w + 4d. Cases had an odds ratio of 3.8 (p = 0.005; 95% CI = 1.47–9.82) for developing GI dysfunction at 5.5 years after adjusting for confounders. Neonatal morbidities of sepsis, patent ductus arteriosus and hypothyroidism were more common in cases (p < 0.05). No differences were seen in secondary outcomes at 5.5 years of age.

Conclusion

Extremely preterm infants with unexplained GI symptoms during the neonatal period had increased odds of developing GI dysfunction later in life, which was not explained by other morbidities. We suggest appropriate attention concerning later GI dysfunction in these patients.