bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Resonant osmosis across active switchable membranes
Authors: Marbach Sophie , Kavokine Nikita , Bocquet Lydéric
Published: February 2020

To overcome the traditional paradigm of filtration, where separation is essentially performed upon steric sieving principles, we explore the concept of dynamic osmosis through active membranes. A partially permeable membrane presents a time-tuneable feature that changes the effective pore interaction with the solute and thus actively changes permeability with time. In general, we find that slow flickering frequencies effectively decrease the osmotic pressure and large flickering frequencies do not change it. In the presence of an asymmetric membrane, we find a resonant frequency where pumping of the solute is performed and can be analyzed in terms of ratchet transport. We discuss and highlight the properties of this resonant osmotic transport. Furthermore, we show that dynamic osmosis allows us to pump the solute at the nanoscale using less energy than reverse osmosis. This opens new possibilities to build advanced filtration devices and design artificial ionic machinery.
Effect of annealing pressure on surface oxidation in annealing process for LaFe11.5Si1.5C0.13 strips
Authors: Xue Jianing , Long Yi , Wang Yixu , Shi Jingming , Zhou He , Zhang Hu , Ye Rongchang
Published: February 2020

La(Fe,Si)13-based compounds are promising refrigerants for new magnetic refrigeration technology. Cumulatively, rapid solidification is one of the most effective synthetic methods for these compounds because it requires a short annealing time. However, the strips were found to become more susceptible to external factors due to the reduced dimensionality. In this work, the effect of annealing pressure on the surface oxidation of rapidly solidified LaFe11.5Si1.5C0.13 strips during heat treatment is explored. The results show that a lower annealing pressure (5 × 10−5 Pa) leads to obvious oxidation on the surface of the strip during the heat treatment. As a result, the chemical composition of the 1:13 phase becomes nonuniform on the strips after heat treatment. By annealing the strip composed of almost the single 1:13 phase under lower annealing pressure, the 1:13 phase is also decomposed because of oxidation. On the contrary, no obvious oxide layer is observed on the surface of the strip with the increase in the annealing pressure to 1 atm during the heat treatment. Additionally, the magnetic measurements show that the maximum magnetic entropy change (|ΔS|max) becomes smaller due to surface oxidation. The strips annealed under a higher annealing pressure exhibit a higher |ΔS|max of 15.97 J/(kg K). Therefore, the higher annealing pressure (1 atm) can be helpful to fully exploit the magnetocaloric potential of La(Fe,Si)13-based strips.
Efficient and stochastic multireference perturbation theory for large active spaces within a full configuration interaction quantum Monte Carlo framework
Authors: Anderson Robert J. , Shiozaki Toru , Booth George H.
Published: February 2020

Full Configuration Interaction Quantum Monte Carlo (FCIQMC) has been effectively applied to very large configuration interaction (CI) problems and was recently adapted for use as an active space solver and combined with orbital optimization. In this work, we detail an approach within FCIQMC to allow for efficient sampling of fully internally contracted multireference perturbation theories within the same stochastic framework. Schemes are described to allow for the close control over the resolution of stochastic sampling of the effective higher-body intermediates within the active space. It is found that while complete active space second-order perturbation theory seems less amenable to a stochastic reformulation, strongly contracted N-Electron Valence second-order Perturbation Theory (NEVPT2) is far more stable, requiring a similar number of walkers to converge the sc-NEVPT2 expectation values as to converge the underlying CI problem. We demonstrate the application of the stochastic approach to the computation of sc-NEVPT2 within a (24, 24) active space in a biologically relevant system and show that small numbers of walkers are sufficient for a faithful sampling of the sc-NEVPT2 energy to chemical accuracy, despite the active space already exceeding the limits of practicality for traditional approaches. This raises prospects of an efficient stochastic solver for multireference chemical problems requiring large active spaces, with an accurate treatment of external orbitals.
Polymer–perovskite blend light-emitting diodes using a self-compensated heavily doped polymeric anode
Authors: Ricciardulli A. G. , van der Zee B. , Philipps K. , Wetzelaer G. A. H. , Png R.-Q. , Ho P. K. H. , Chua L.-L. , Blom Paul W. M.
Published: February 2020

Perovskite-based light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) are drawing great attention due to their remarkable performance and ease of processing. Nevertheless, a critical aspect is the perovskite film formation on top of solution-processed anodes such as poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS). Use of conventional PEDOT:PSS anodes gives rise to high leakage currents that mask the hole transport properties of the perovskite semiconductor. Here, we show a feasible approach to overcome this constraint by implementing a solution-processed, self-compensated, hole-doped triarylamine-fluorene copolymer (p-pTFF-C2F5SIS) with a work function of 5.85 eV as the anode for polymer–perovskite blend LED devices. Highly efficient hole injection was obtained, near that of evaporated MoOx. Hole-only devices reveal that the hole transport in the polymer–perovskite blend is trap-limited. PeLEDs with the ultrahigh-workfunction p-pTFF-C2F5SIS anode show much lower leakage and much better stability in current-voltage and light output characteristics than those with the PEDOT:PSSH anode.
Mechanism of Mn emission: Energy transfer vs charge transfer dynamics in Mn-doped quantum dots
Authors: K. R. Pradeep , Viswanatha Ranjani
Published: February 2020

In the quest for new functional materials, transition metal doping in semiconductors has attracted significant attention, wherein introduction of dopant atoms alters a range of physical properties of the host such as its optical, magnetic, and electronic properties. Hence, the choice of appropriate dopants to meet the current challenges makes semiconductor doping a highly versatile field. In the past, Mn doping in II-VI semiconductors has been extensively studied. The interest in these systems arises from a prominent orange emission from an optically forbidden state. An extended debate in the literature spanning the last three decades has so far shed light on various anomalous properties of Mn emission, specifically in quantum-confined systems leading to more questions. In this perspective, we review the literature with specific emphasis on the mechanism of Mn emission and an understanding of the electron–hole pathway during the excitation and de-excitation process in doped quantum dots. We explore various phenomena of energy and charge transfer mechanisms along with experiments in support of these phenomena which can eventually lead to a better understanding of spin driven optoelectronics.
Investigation of resistive switching and transport mechanisms of Al2O3/TiO2−x memristors under cryogenic conditions (1.5 K)
Authors: Beilliard Yann , Paquette François , Brousseau Frédéric , Ecoffey Serge , Alibart Fabien , Drouin Dominique
Published: February 2020

Resistive switching and transport mechanisms of Al2O3/TiO2−x memristor crosspoint devices have been investigated at cryogenic temperatures down to 1.5 K, for the future development of memristor-based cryogenic electronics. We report successful resistive switching of our devices in the temperature range of 300–1.5 K. The current–voltage curves exhibit negative differential resistance effects between 130 K and 1.5 K, attributed to a metal–insulator transition of the Ti4O7 conductive filament. The resulting highly nonlinear behavior is associated with an ION/IOFF diode ratio of 84 at 1.5 K, paving the way for selector-free cryogenic passive crossbars. Temperature-dependent thermal activation energies related to the conductance at low bias (20 mV) are extracted for memristors in a low resistance state, suggesting hopping-type conduction mechanisms. Finally, the transport mechanism analysis at 1.5 K indicates that for all resistance states, the conduction follows the space-charge limited current model in low fields, whereas trap-assisted tunneling dominates in higher fields.
Alfvenic perturbations with finite Larmor radius effect in non-Maxwellian electron–positron–ion plasmas
Authors: Khalid Saba , Qureshi M. N. S. , Masood W.
Published: February 2020

Linear and nonlinear coupled kinetic Alfven acoustic (CKAA) waves in low-β electron–positron–ion (e-p-i) plasmas are investigated in this paper, and the main focus is on highlighting the role of non-thermal electrons and positrons that follow the generalized (r, q) distribution. In this regard, a linear dispersion relation is derived, and the effect of positron concentration and (r, q) distributed electrons and positrons is explored. Nonlinear analysis is performed by using the Sagdeev potential approach and two-potential theory. The results are compared with those of the previous studies of CKAA waves in e-p-i plasmas where electrons and positrons follow Maxwellian and kappa distributions. An important feature of our study is the observation of the existence of density dip solitons for spiky distribution. It is shown that the inclusion of positrons alters the existence regimes of the solitary structures, and, interestingly, the behavior of soliton propagation is different in the two existence regimes for increasing or decreasing concentration of positrons. Most importantly, it is shown that the spatial scales over which solitons form in e-p-i plasmas are shorter than the ones that form in e-i plasmas for compressive solitary structures. Interestingly, the situation is reversed for rarefactive solitary structures. The present study is beneficial in comprehending the linear and nonlinear propagation of CKAA waves in plasmas where positrons are present, and there is a simultaneous presence of nonthermal features in the observed distribution functions.
Machine learning mitigates tearing modes in plasmas tori using real-time feedback
Authors: Liebendorfer Adam
Published: February 2020

Feedback based on machine learning generates “tearability” and “disruptivity” metrics to predict and prevent instabilities using only fusion data.
Biochemical clocks are robust to small fluctuations
Authors: Bandari Anashe
Published: February 2020

Though the biological mechanisms governing the timing of daily functions can face fluctuations, research suggests they may be insensitive to small changes.
Relief and edaphoclimatic conditions as influencing agents of CO2 release in Alagoas Caatinga, Brazil
Authors: Santos Élida Monique da Costa , Araujo Kallianna Dantas , Souza Mayara Andrade , Gomes Danúbia Lins , Lira Elba dos Santos , Guimarães Júnior Sinval Autran Mendes , Costa João Gomes da
Published: February 2020

The release of carbon dioxide (CO2) occurs through soil respiration. However, release of CO2 from soil to the atmosphere is subject to interference from agents such as relief, edaphic and climatic conditions. Thus, this research aimed to quantify edaphic respiration related to edaphoclimatic factors in a toposequence area in Caatinga of Delmiro Gouveia, Alagoas, Brazil. The research was conducted from February 2013 to June 2014, with bimonthly collections during day and night. The soil CO2 losses, temperature measurements, soil water content and rainfall were quantified. We verified that, independent of the evaluated points, CO2 release was higher at night. Half-slope and shoulder were the areas with the highest emissions. Additionally, the CO2 emissions presented annual variation, increasing with the availability of soil water and showing peaks of release in the rainy season. Soil and air temperature had no direct influence on soil CO2 release; however, the highest CO2 emissions occurred when temperatures were moderate and stable. Therefore, the conservation of this unique Brazilian biome is necessary because the impacts of its disturbance can increase the level of CO2 released from the soil, increasing the amount of CO2in the atmosphere.
The first elite sport training camp in France: Manitot (1912–1924)
Authors: Loudcher Jean‐François , Fabian Thomas
Published: February 2020

On the eve of the First World War, a wealthy director of a company, Antoine‐Lucien Boyer, has created at Manitot, a small village close to Paris on the riverside of the Seine opposite to Giverny, the first camp of coaching for athletes. Famous boxers like Billy Papke, Georges Carpentier, Eugène Criqui, and Bernard or runners like Jean Bouin have spent a while to prepare their competitions. Taking the opportunity of being at the countryside, these athletes did angling, rowing, and hunting in parallel to their specific sport preparation.

Using different sources like newspapers (L'Auto, L’écho des sports), but also books and archives (public and privates), we aim at relating the history of this first sport camp of coaching and will try to understand the reasons of the landowner for launching this experience. Furthermore, we will review the methods of training and highlight a specifically French approach, based on an eclectic training method determined by health more than by performance.
Valley polarization in monolayer CrX2 (X = S, Se) with magnetically doping and proximity coupling
Authors: Lei Chengan , Ma Yandong , Zhang Ting , Xu Xilong , Huang Baibiao , Dai Ying
Published: February 2020

Manipulating the valley degree of freedom as an information carrier has been a focused topic for both fundamental and applied research. Here, using first-principles calculations, we report the identification of monolayer CrX2 (X = S, Se) as a novel two-dimensional valleytronic crystal. It shows large valley spin splitting in the valence band, attractive for the integration of valleytronics and spintronics. More importantly, through proximity coupling with monolayer CrCl3, the valley polarization in monolayer CrX2 is achieved, which can be further engineered by stacking patterns. Also, the valley polarization in monolayer CrX2 can be obtained via magnetically doping V and Mn. Specially for V-doped monolayer CrSe2, there are no impurity states in the band gap, beneficial for its practical applications. Our works thus provide not only exceptional two-dimensional valleytronic crystals but also promising ways for realizing valley polarizations in them.
Improvement of memory characteristics by employing a charge trapping layer with combining bent and flat energy bands*
Authors: Tang Zhen-Jie , Li Rong , Zhang Xi-Wei
Published: February 2020

Designed Zr
x
Si1−x
O2 films with combining bent and flat energy bands are employed as a charge trapping layer for memory capacitors. Compared to a single bent energy band, the bandgap structure with combining bent and flat energy bands exhibits larger memory window, faster program/erase speed, lower charge loss even at 200 °C for 104 s, and wider temperature insensitive regions. The tunneling thickness together with electron recaptured efficiency in the trapping layer, and the balance of two competing electron loss mechanisms in the bent and flat energy band regions collectively contribute to the improved memory characteristics. Therefore, the proposed Zr
x
Si1−x
O2 with combining bent and flat energy bands should be a promising candidate for future nonvolatile memory applications, taking into consideration of the trade-off between the operation speed and retention characteristics.
Wuluh starfruit (Averrhoa bilimbi linn.) leaves extract as green corrosion inhibitor in reinforced steel
Authors: Elfidiah  , Kharismadewi D , Yuliwati E
Published: February 2020

A utilization of organic inhibitors to reduce corrosion rate in metals has been widely studied compared to inorganic inhibitors because of its environmentally friendly property. In this study, the extract of Wuluh starfruit leaves (Averrhoa Bilimbi Linn.), which is contains tannins and flavonoid compounds, was used as an inhibitor to inhibit the corrosion rate in reinforced steel. The objective of this study was to analyse the effect and the efficiency of volume inhibitor variation in 3% of NaCl corrosive medium to the corrosion rate of reinforced steel. The method used is based on the losing weight, where the sample was immersed in corrosive medium mixed with an inhibitor. The study results shown that the extract of Wuluh starfruit leaves was able to inhibit the corrosion rate as 0.0004 cm/yr at the optimum inhibitor volume of 16 mL with the efficiency of 99.7%
Characterization of pyroligneous acid produced from microwave-assisted treatment of palm kernel shell
Authors: Safazliana Raja Sulong Raja , Elyanie Zulkifli Seri , Hasham Rosnani , Akmar Zakaria Zainul
Published: February 2020

Palm oil plantation is one of the largest cultivation in Malaysia. The massive production of palm oil has abandoned huge palm oil biomass such as palm kernel shell that has become increasingly threatening environmental issue. Conversion of biomass through microwave pyrolysis has become one of the solutions to manage the abundance of biomass. Therefore, the aim of this study is to utilize the palm kernel shell for the production of pyroligneous acid (PA) by using microwave-assisted pyrolysis which would then be evaluated for its total phenolic content and scavenging DPPH free radicals. Pyroligneous acid of palm kernel shell will be produced from the condensation of smoke generated during pyrolysis process. From this study, the TPC observed was 49.96 mg GAE/g, whereas for the IC50, DPPH value obtained was, 66.19 µg/mL. Pyroligneous acid produced during the pyrolysis process has the potential to apply in various applications and could serve as an alternative eco-friendly source of natural antioxidant.
Modification of carboxymethyl cellulose from water hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes) using the succinic acid crosslinking method
Authors: Putri R D A , Bintang C A , Pangestu D B , Handayani P A
Published: February 2020

CMC (Carboxymethyl Cellulose) is an additional ingredient that is often used in the food and beverage industry. This causes the need for CMC is quite high in Indonesia. Data from the Badan Pusat Statistik shows that Indonesia still imported 4435.26 tons of CMC in 2018. In fact, cellulose as a raw material for making CMC can be easily found in nature. One of the plants which is known to have high cellulose content is water hyacinth, which can reach 66.87%. Besides having high cellulose content, water hyacinth is also often regarded as a weed that grows very fast, so it must be utilized so as not to damage the environment. In CMC synthesis isopropyl alcohol is used as a solvent in the ratio of 1:2, 1:4 and 1:6. The CMC yield can also be improved by crosslinking using succinic acid. The variation of succinic acid ratio is 1:1, 2:1 and 3:1 and the yield of CMC reaches 198%, 140.66% and 122.66%, respectively. FTIR test shows CMC without crosslinking has a group that is identical to CMC Cap KoepoeKoepoe. While in crosslinking CMC new groups are formed which occur due to the addition of succinic acid. Organoleptic test results show results similar to CMC Cap Koepoe-Koepeoe. Meanwhile the pH test at CMC variable 2:1 and 3:1 has pH number 6, fulfilling FI/JECFA/SNI standard.
Brachiaria mutica dyes powder for textile application: dyeing quality of cotton fabrics
Authors: Kusumastuti Adhi , Selvia Fardhyanti Dewi , Anis Samsudin
Published: February 2020

To minimise water pollution as well as to improve the economic value of some unutilised natural resources, application of natural dyes have been widely encouraged this past decade. Natural dyes considered to be effective in minimising the use of chemical agents which in turn overcome pollution problems. Despite the advantages of natural dyes, few problems are also encountered. It is therefore production of natural dyes powder becomes another concern. In this article, application of Brachiaria mutica as natural dyes powder for textile dyeing was discussed in terms of colour darkness, colour fastness, and colour difference. Experiment was carried out by observing dyeing process using 4 types of mordants, i.e. lime, alum, limestone, and ferrous sulphate. The colour darkness of cotton fabric was in the order of system with ferrous sulphate > limestone > alum > lime juice. The system with alum, limestone, and ferrous sulphate generated colour of green, while system with lime juice resulted in yellowish green colour. In term of colour fastness to washing, the quality was in the order of system with ferrous sulphate > limestone > alum > lime juice.
Monitoring system of land cover quality using segmentation and content base image retrieval methods
Authors: Handoko Dwi , Irianto Suhendro Y. , Karnila Sri
Published: February 2020

This paper tries to explore level and accuracy Content Based Image Retrieval method on Landsat imaginary. The images include an areal photography and land satellite photoraphy or Landsat which widely used and recognize for spatial information analysis. The analysis uses mapping of situation or state of earth’s surface, particularly the land surface. Landsat can be used to create topographic map, determining of attitude or height model of a certain place in the earth. Aerial photographs are used to detect changes of earth surface, in this work the changes by using Content Based Image retrieval or CBIR. The accuracy changes measurement calculates using precision and recall parameters. In this paper, Landsat images also used to detect the appear and dis appear of vegetation and other objects on the earth. More than 100 Landsat images used in this work, and around 15 images were use d as queries. The results show that accuracy of image retrieval is a quite good, which more than 75 %.
The use of input capture method to increase torque on switched reluctance motor
Authors: Nur Saiful Hakim Maulana , Riyadi Slamet
Published: February 2020

Electric drives are used in many industrial applications, one of these is Switched Reluctance Motor (SRM). Such a motor is used because it has a simple construction, efficient, and low cost. Three-phase switched reluctance motor commonly has some stators and rotors, which is implemented on the asymmetric converter. To operate the Switched Reluctance Motor, an optical encoder or hall-effect sensor will affect motor performance. To improve motor performance, the input capture method is used. Such a method can give accurate commutation angel so the excitation can be given in proper angel and increases torque on SRM. To verify the proposed method, analysis, and experimental tests were done.
Comparison of Different Rule Base Matrix in Fuzzy Logic Controller
Authors: Afrian Verdy , Riyadi Slamet
Published: February 2020

The development of power electronics technology has been widely applied in various fields. Converters have been widely used in renewable energy and several industrial applications. Many control that used to operate the converter, one of these is Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC). FLC is used because it has advantages such as fast response and good performance. FLC is a rule-based control system, so the basic rules are made to operate this system by input processing. Fuzzy variable 3x3 matrix rule base is less responsive in achieving steady state conditions. Therefore, a 5x5 matrix rule base fuzzy variable is modified, so that it gets smoother response and faster system to achieve steady state. In this paper, the response of the output voltage to changes in the fuzzy variable 3x3 matrix rule base will be compared to the 5x5 matrix rule base.
Urban Flood Risk Assessment in Sidoarjo, Indonesia, Using Fuzzy Multi-Criteria Decision Making
Authors: Fariza Arna , Basofi Arif , Prasetyaningrum Ira , Ika Pratiwi Vivi
Published: February 2020

Indonesia is very vulnerable to flooding due to urbanization of land use, industrialization and made worse by climate change. Sidoarjo is an urban area that frequently experiences regular flooding every year. The flooding break up local traffic, disrupting economic distribution and transportation routes. Minimum information about areas that are often flooded causes a lack of people and government attention to the effects of floods. In this paper, we develop a Fuzzy approach to determine the level of urban flood risk in Sidoarjo. The parameters consist of flood inundation, rainfall, population affected, and drainage. The Fuzzy sets produce fuzzy membership values, and evaluation rules determine the level of flood disaster in each village in Sidoarjo, classified into three levels of vulnerability, they are high, medium and low level of flood vulnerability. Analysis of the results of the calculation of flood risk assessment with Fuzzy multi-criteria decision making (FMCDM) shows a good result with accuracy of 66% compared to the analysis of the Sidoarjo Regional Disaster Management Agency inundation data. However, in reality flood risk is not only caused by inundation factor, the FMCDM method is represented a better assessment in real world. The spatial decision support system using geographical information systems (GIS) provides effective, efficient and useful in flood risk management for local and national governmental agencies.
Sentiment analysis on customer satisfaction of digital payment in Indonesia: A comparative study using KNN and Naïve Bayes
Authors: Wisnu Hilman , Afif Muhammad , Ruldevyani Yova
Published: February 2020

Indonesia payment behaviour has turned from traditional to digital as the impact of the technology growth. Digital payment usage in Indonesia have increased rapidly in recent years. Many companies offer this service with different terms and tariff options. Social media is one of the places where people can express their feeling and opinion, including Twitter. In this research, sentiment analysis and opinion mining is conducted to see public satisfaction towards the digital payment service in Indonesia (OVO, GO-PAY and LinkAja). This research is using Twitter data and has several stages, which are data crawling from Twitter, data cleaning, feature selection and classification using two machine learning approach (Naïve bayes classifier and K-Nearest Neighbour or KNN). The raw data is processed to get the clean data, and to get the appropriate feature for classification algorithm and then perform classification and validation to the model. As for the classification algorithm, this research finds out that KNN has better accuracy than Naive Bayes. The result of this research also shows that LinkAja and G0-PAY has more neutral sentiment or customers nearly satisfied of the services provided, and OVO has more negative sentiment than neutral sentiment
Bio-oil composition from low temperature microwaves-assisted pyrolysis of cooking oils
Authors: Anis Samsudin , Alhakim Rais , Mustamil Khoiron Ahmad , Kusumastuti Adhi
Published: February 2020

The purpose of this study is to analyze bio-oil composition produced from a low temperature pyrolysis of cooking oils under microwave irradiation. As the feedstock, waste cooking oil (WCO) and fresh cooking oil (FCO) were used. The sample was pyrolyzed at 400°C in a modified microwave reactor with an output power of 900 W. The feedstock was fed into the reactor at 2 ml/min for 60 min under nitrogen gas environment to ensure pyrolysis process. The results showed that the bio-oil compounds of both feedstocks were mainly composed of aliphatic hydrocarbons. Based on carbon number, bio-oil from WCO contained almost 70 wt.% of diesels fraction (C12-C20), slightly lower than FCO which is potential as fuel candidate for diesel engines.
Sensitivity analysis of road roughness on transportation costs
Authors: Suwarto Fardzanela , Nugroho Anjang , Susanti Riza , Purwadi Didik
Published: February 2020

Understanding the costs of pavement construction, pavement maintenance, and vehicle operation is essential to planning the management of life cycle and pavement investments, especially under increasing infrastructure demands and limited budget resources. It has long been known that the road user costs (RUC) of vehicle operation are by far the largest component of pavement total life-cycle costs. Those cost are influenced by many factors; one of the most important factor is pavement performance. Pavement condition will have a significant impact on RUC attribute for instance fuel consumption, tier consumption, vehicle maintenance cost, and crew wages. Therefore a study of influence and sensitivity analysis of RUC on difference pavement condition is required. Hence this study is aiming to investigate the sensitivity analysis by varying International Roughness Index (IRI) as pavement performance indicator using the Road User Cost Knowledge System (RUCKS) program. From the research result, with sensitivity equation RUC ($/vehicle-km) = a0 + a1 * IRI + a2 * IRI^ 2 + a3 * IRI^ 3, it is highlighted that IRI has the highest impact on Articulated Truck and Large Bus in terms of transport cost with Sensitivity to Roughness Cubic Polynomial Coefficients a0 1.12958, a1 -0.06418, a2 0.02110, a3 -0.00136.
Evaluating and mitigating risk of an automated people mover system project: a case study
Authors: Fauziyah Shifa , Suwarto Fardzanela , Tobing Rudolf , Nurjihad Fajar
Published: February 2020

Risks describe as the situation of uncertainty. Risks will appear on every construction project, including an Automated People Mover System (APMS) project. The length of APMS track is 3.05 kilometres to connect Soekarno-Hatta Airport terminals 1, 2 and 3. Track APMS is a bridge structure with a simple concept span. Girder was designed with the PC-V concept. More complex project causes various risks. Therefore, to deliver complex projects to success, the risks should be managed. It is important to handle the risk by applying risk management. Risk management has 3 stages: risk identification, risk analysis and risk response strategy. This research was organized through questionnaire and interview with contractor in APMS project. Risk identification using Risk Breakdown Structure (RBS) method. Then the result of risk identification will analyze using probability and impact matrix. The matrix were aimed to earn the risk category and classified into 3 groups i.e. high, moderate, and low. Risk response strategy is to minimize the impact of risk occurence. This research identified 25 risk factors that consist of 7 category: design risks, time risks, material and equipment risks, financial risks, resources risks, managerial risks and external risks. Delay in relocating existing facilities and girder damage risks are the higest risk, both risk should be avoidance. This study purposed to identification and mitigate risks. These findings were valuable for contractor to mitigate risks especially with the same project characteristics.
Cost overrun and time delay of construction project in Indonesia
Authors: Susanti Riza
Published: February 2020

The success factors of project was completing the project without time delay and cost overrun. Time delay and cost overrun were arised due to uncertainty activity during the life cycle project. This may lead the problems to the project. The research aim was analysing cost overrun and time delay in construction project. Data were collected using questionnaire to 36 respondent. 15 factors have been identified in this research i.e land acquisition delay, location of site, support or protest from the local for the project, changes in design specifications, rework, subcontractors and vendors performance, delay in works approval, inaccurate budgeting and resource planning, price escalation of materials, rules and regulations of the government, owners additional required, inflation, payment delay, weak cash flow and bad weather. The result findings, owners and contractors have differences and similarty perception. In cost overrun factors, owner agreed the topmost factor causing was owner additional required while according to the contractors was rework. In delay factors, owner agreed the topmost factor causing delay was inaccurate budgeting and resource planning while according to the contractors was land acquisition delay. Nevertheless, both parties agreed the inflation has a least influent to construction project delay.
Water provision gap in Kemijen and Tambak Lorok
Authors: Dewi D P , Mardiansyah F H
Published: February 2020

In areas that have not been 100% flowed by government piped water sources, residents must look for other water sources leastwise flow in time whenever people need water. A similar situation occurred in the study area, Kemijen and Tambak Lorok, two low income kampung in the coastal area of Semarang City that located adjacently. About 90% of households in Kemijen use government piped water sources, while nearly 100% of Tambak Lorok use ground water piped provided by neighborhood private sector. However, the Kemijen community does not necessarily get proper access because the government piped water could not flow the water all of the time, while private groundwater in Tambak Lorok can do. This study explores the gap of water provision in Kemijen and Tambak Lorok, as the provision of groundwater service is not a sustainable method so it should be replaced by the government provision in the future. In that context, the gap could be seen as the challenge for the government provision in improving their quality of service in the future. The study uses is a combination of qualitative and quantitative method and descriptively analysis in comparing the water provision system in the two kampung.
Microstructure, biodegradable behavior in different simulated body fluids, antibacterial effect on different bacteria and cytotoxicity of rolled Zn–Li–Ag alloy
Authors: Xu Xuemei , Lu Yujiao , Chu Xin , Yan Yang , Liu Ying , Xu Xiangchun , Luo Xier , Chen Liangjian , Li Ding , Xiao Tao , Yu Kun
Published: February 2020

Rolled Zn-0.8Li-0.2Ag(wt%) alloy as candidates for biodegradable materials. The biodegradable behavior of Zn-0.8Li-0.2Ag alloy in different solutions (Ringer’s, DMEM, SBF and DMEMp) was investigated. The cytotoxicity of Zn-0.8Li-0.2Ag alloy and its antibacterial properties against staphylococcus aureus, enterobacter faecalis and candida albicans were evaluated. The results showed that Zn-0.8Li-0.2Ag alloy consists of zinc matrix and a LiZn4 secondary phase. The presence of Cl− causes locally corroded of Zn-0.8Li-0.2Ag alloy in Ringer’s solution, and its corrosion resistance is lower than that of the alloy which is uniformly corroded in other solutions containing CO3
2− and PO4
3−. Zn-0.8Li-0.2Ag alloy is non-toxic and exhibits better antibacterial properties than the experimental reference group without silver.
Preparation of the crosslinked GO/PAA aerogel and its adsorption properties for Pb(II) ions
Authors: Wang Qingqing , Lei Liling , Kang Xiyang , Su Xiqi , Wang Fangcao , Wang Cong , Zhao Junhong , Chen Zhijun
Published: February 2020

The graphene oxide(GO)/polyacrylic acid(PAA) was prepared by in situ polymerization in graphene oxide lamellae, and crosslinked graphene oxide/polyacrylic acid complex(CLGO/PAA) was formed by esterification reaction between 1,4-butanediol and carboxylic acid of PAA at same time. The CLGO/PAA aerogel was prepared by freeze drying method. The CLGO/PAA aerogel has good stability and high saturated adsorption capacity for the adsorption of Pb(II) ions in water. The structure and properties of the CLGO/PAA aerogel were characterized by using x-ray diffractometry(XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR), and atomic absorption spectrometer(AAS), respectively. The results show that the prepared CLGO/PAA aerogel possess elliptical pore structure. In addition, the adsorption properties of the CLGO/PAA aerogel for Pb(II) in water were studied under different pH, different concentrations of Pb(II), contact time and number of adsorbent cycles. The results show that the adsorption amount of Pb(II) could reach to 640 mg g−1 at the initial concentration of Pb(II) was 500 mg l−1, and the adsorption equilibrium could be reached after 60 min. The adsorption amount for Pb(II) was still 143 mg g−1 after 5 times cycle.
Rapid synthesizing of gold nanobipyramids
Authors: Lv Junliang , Sun Xianhe , Zhan Qiuqiang , He Sailing , Forsberg Erik
Published: February 2020

We report on a rapid method to synthesize gold nanobipyramids that utilizes a hexagonal liquid crystal as a frame, suggesting a liquid crystal accelerated growth process. The method represents an improvement in processing time as compared to previously reported methods. Furthermore, as the bulk of the total processing time is required by a purification step, the method presented in this paper holds the promise of an order of magnitude improvement of processing time by further optimization of the growth process that would eventually eliminate the need for purification.
MnAs and MnFeP1−xAsx-based magnetic refrigerants: a review
Authors: Habiba Ume e , Khattak Khurram Shehzad , Ali Shahid , Khan Zawar Hussain
Published: February 2020

This paper presents a comparative analysis of MnAs and MnFeP1−x
As
x
family and its alloys from magnetic refrigeration perspective. A thorough literature review was undertaken and to the best of authors knowledge, all samples (∼100 samples) with their Curie temperature (T
c
) in the range 260–340 K have been reported. For contrastive analysis, samples have been grouped based on their structural and experimental conditions such as magnetic field and sample composition etc. For comparative analysis, all variables of magnetocaloric effect (MCE), e.g., T
c
, magnetic entropy change (

∣
Δ

S

M

∣

), adiabatic temperature change (ΔT
ad
) and relative cooling power (RCP) have been considered with calculated missing variables, wherever possible. The first objective of this paper was to perform a comparative analysis of different fabrication variables (e.g., particle size, shape, morphology, chemical composition, structure, purity of starting materials, homogeneity, annealing, and synthesis methods) on the overall MCE properties of the aforementioned family. In addition, the best fabrication practices for further improvement in MCE properties are proposed. The second objective was to observe different material’s doping (e.g., Cr, Si, Ge, B) in hysteresis loss mitigation and MCE properties enhancement. Best doping materials were suggested for the compositions, which were displaying optimum MCE properties for further MCE enhancement. Lastly, but most importantly, to propose a high performing magnetic refrigerant by: (1) shortlisting a composition with optimum MCE properties; (2) further enhancement in MCE through adopting best fabrication processes for the said magnetic refrigerant; (3) suggesting best doping material for hysteresis loss mitigation and MCE enhancement; and most importantly (4) fabricating the proposed magnetic refrigerant as a nanostructure; thus, improving MCE properties through broadening of T
c
curve.
Thermal and magnetic properties of landau quantized group VI dichalcogenide carriers in the approach to the degenerate limit
Authors: Horing Norman J M , Mancini Jay D
Published: February 2020

This work is concerned with determination of the thermal and magnetic behavior of the Group VI Dichalcogenides in a quantizing magnetic field. Our discussion includes analysis of the Grand Potential, Helmholtz Free Energy, partition functions (grand and ordinary) and the entropy and specific heat: their dependencies on temperature and magnetic field strength are carefully examined, particularly in the degenerate regime and the approach to zero temperature. The joint dependence on magnetic field and temperature is also determined for the Dichalcogenide magnetic moment in the degenerate statistical regime, replete with de Haas–van Alphen (dHvA) oscillatory phenomenology and also above the zero–temperature limit.
Implications for medication dosing for transgender patients: A review of the literature and recommendations for pharmacists
Authors: Webb Andrew J , McManus Dayna , Rouse Ginger E , Vonderheyde Robyn , Topal Jeffrey E
Published: February 2020

Purpose

Transgender patients face considerable healthcare disparities. Improved means of recognizing transgender patients and understanding their medical needs is important to provide optimal care. The electronic medical record (EMR) of our health system allows for differentiation of gender identity, legal sex, and sex at birth. With EMR recognition of transgender patients, a recommendation for estimating creatinine clearance (CLcr) and ideal body weight (IBW) was needed to standardize medication dosing.

The literature was reviewed for evidence on the effect of gender-affirming hormone therapy on serum creatinine concentration and lean body mass. Findings informed a recommendation for drug dosing based on CLcr and IBW in transgender patients. Four studies that reported the effect of hormone therapy on biometric laboratory values were found. Three studies reported that values of transgender patients more closely resembled the standard values of their gender identity vs sex at birth after hormone therapy; 1 study reported a range of values that more closely resembled those associated with sex at birth while still overlapping with values associated with gender identity. Consequently, it was recommended that pharmacists dose medications based on CLcr and IBW calculations consistent with gender identity after a patient has been on hormone therapy for 6 months or longer.

Conclusion

Providing optimal care to transgender patients includes considering the effect of gender-affirming hormone therapy on overall physiology. Consistently using the appropriate CLcr and IBW calculations for each patient ensures safe and effective care. Additional studies are needed to confirm the effect of hormone therapy on renal clearance and lean body mass.
Estimating Respirable Dust Exposure from Inhalable Dust Exposure
Authors: Wippich Cornelia , Rissler Jörg , Koppisch Dorothea , Breuer Dietmar
Published: February 2020

In the sector of occupational safety and health only a limited amount of studies are concerned with the conversion of inhalable to respirable dust. This conversion is of high importance for retrospective evaluations of exposure levels or of occupational diseases. For this reason a possibility to convert inhalable into respirable dust is discussed in this study. To determine conversion functions from inhalable to respirable dust fractions, 15 120 parallel measurements in the exposure database MEGA (maintained at the Institute for Occupational Safety and Health of the German Social Accident Insurance) are investigated by regression analysis. For this purpose, the whole data set is split into the influencing factors working activity and material. Inhalable dust is the most important predictor variable and shows an adjusted coefficient of determination of 0.585 (R2 adjusted to sample size). Further improvement of the model is gained, when the data set is split into six working activities and three material groups (e.g. high temperature processing, adj. R2 = 0.668). The combination of these two variables leads to a group of data concerned with high temperature processing with metal, which gives rise to a better description than the whole data set (adj. R2 = 0.706). Although it is not possible to refine these groups further systematically, seven improved groups are formed by trial and error, with adj. R2 between 0.733 and 0.835: soldering, casting (metalworking), welding, high temperature cutting, blasting, chiseling/embossing, and wire drawing. The conversion functions for the seven groups are appropriate candidates for data reconstruction and retrospective exposure assessment. However, this is restricted to a careful analysis of the working conditions. All conversion functions are power functions with exponents between 0.454 and 0.946. Thus, the present data do not support the assumption that respirable and inhalable dust are linearly correlated in general.
Automatic Attention Capture by Threatening, But Not by Semantically Incongruent Natural Scene Images
Authors: Furtak Marcin , Doradzińska Łucja , Ptashynska Alina , Mudrik Liad , Nowicka Anna , Bola Michał
Published: February 2020

Visual objects are typically perceived as parts of an entire visual scene, and the scene’s context provides information crucial in the object recognition process. Fundamental insights into the mechanisms of context-object integration have come from research on semantically incongruent objects, which are defined as objects with a very low probability of occurring in a given context. However, the role of attention in processing of the context-object mismatch remains unclear, with some studies providing evidence in favor, but other against an automatic capture of attention by incongruent objects. Therefore, in the present study, 25 subjects completed a dot-probe task, in which pairs of scenes—congruent and incongruent or neutral and threatening—were presented as task-irrelevant distractors. Importantly, threatening scenes are known to robustly capture attention and thus were included in the present study to provide a context for interpretation of results regarding incongruent scenes. Using N2 posterior-contralateral ERP component as a primary measure, we revealed that threatening images indeed capture attention automatically and rapidly, but semantically incongruent scenes do not benefit from an automatic attentional selection. Thus, our results suggest that identification of the context-object mismatch is not preattentive.
The growing pains of ifosfamide
Authors: Sprangers Ben , Lapman Sebastian
Published: February 2020

Ifosfamide is a commonly used chemotherapeutic known to have numerous adverse kidney manifestations. In this issue of Clinical Kidney Journal, Ensergueix et al. report a multicentric observational retrospective French study on 34 adult patients with tubular dysfunction and /or kidney dysfunction following ifosfamide treatment. Of these patients, 18% had isolated proximal tubular dysfunction, 14% had isolated acute kidney injury (AKI), 18% had isolated chronic kidney disease (CKD) and 50% had a combination of proximal tubular dysfunction and AKI. Concomitant treatment with cisplatin was identified as a risk factor for the development of AKI, and cisplatin and age were associated with estimated glomerular filtration rate at last follow-up. Interestingly, the cumulative dose of ifosfamide was not associated with renal outcomes. This report highlights the need for additional studies on the prevalence, spectrum and management of ifosfamide-associated nephrotoxicity and clearly demonstrates that patients who received ifosfamide should be followed long term to detect proximal tubular dysfunction and CKD early.