bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dynamic light scattering for particle characterization subjected to ultrasound: a study on compact particles and acousto-responsive microgels
Authors: Stock Sebastian , von Klitzing Regine , Rahimzadeh Amin
Published: January 2024

In this report, we investigate dynamic light scattering (DLS) from both randomly diffusing silica particles and acousto-responsive microgels in aqueous dispersions under ultrasonic vibration. Employing high-frequency ultrasound (US) with low amplitude ensures that the polymers remain intact without damage. We derive theoretical expressions for the homodyne autocorrelation function, incorporating the US term alongside the diffusion term. Subsequently, we successfully combined US with a conventional DLS system to experimentally characterize compact silica particles and microgels under the influence of US. Our model allows us to extract essential parameters, including particle size, frequency, and amplitude of particle vibration, based on the correlation function of the scattered light intensity. The studies involving non-responsive silica particles demonstrate that the US does not disrupt size determination, establishing them as suitable reference systems. In addition, we could be able to experimentally resolve the µs-order motion of particles for the first time. Microgels subjected to the US show the same swelling/shrinking behavior as that induced by temperature but with significantly faster kinetics. The findings of this study have potential applications in various industrial and biomedical fields such as smart coatings and drug delivery that benefit from the characterization of macromolecules subjected to the US. Furthermore, the current work may lead to characterizing the mechanical properties of soft particles based on their vibration amplitude extracted using this method.
An optimized DCO with modified binary-weighted DCTLs based hybrid tuning banks for an E-band DPLL
Authors: Tang Lu , Yu Zichuan , Lu Yujia , Jin Zhiqi , Xia Sicong , Zhang Youming , Tang Xusheng
Published: January 2024

An optimized millimeter-wave digital controlled oscillator (DCO) in a 40-nm CMOS process is presented in this work. The coarse-tuning modules and medium-tuning modules of the DCO utilize modified binary-weighted digitally controlled transmission lines (DCTLs) to achieve a better compromise among smaller chip size, higher resonant frequency, better tuning resolution and lower phase noise. The tuning precision and die size of the medium tuning bank are improved without changing the binary coding rules by replacing the lowest-weight bit of the DCTLs with switched capacitors. In comparison with traditional DCTLs, the control bits of the coarse and medium tuning modules have been changed from 30 to 8, resulting in a 34.4% reduction in overall length (from 122$$\upmu$$
μ
m to 80$$\upmu$$
μ
m). In addition, the DCO’s fine-tuning modules are achieved using a binary-weighted switched capacitors array connected to the secondary winding of a low-coupling transformer, which enhances the DCO’s fine-tuning bank for better frequency resolution with less circuit complexity. The measured tuning range of the optimized DCO is 76-81GHz with a smaller die size of 0.12mm$$^2$$

2

. This results in an outstanding figure of merit ($$FoM_A$$

F
o

M
A

) of − 190.52dBc/Hz.
Early Leishmania infectivity depends on miR-372/373/520d family-mediated reprogramming of polyamines metabolism in THP-1-derived macrophages
Authors: Fernandes J. C. R. , Muxel S. M. , López-Gonzálvez M. A. , Barbas C. , Floeter-Winter L. M.
Published: January 2024

Leishmania amazonensis is a protozoan that primarily causes cutaneous leishmaniasis in humans. The parasite relies on the amino acid arginine to survive within macrophages and establish infection, since it is a precursor for producing polyamines. On the other hand, arginine can be metabolized via nitric oxide synthase 2 (NOS2) to produce the microbicidal molecule nitric oxide (NO), although this mechanism does not apply to human macrophages since they lack NOS2 activity. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression at posttranscriptional levels. Our previous work showed that mmu-miR-294 targets Nos2 favoring Leishmania survival in murine macrophages. Here, we demonstrate that human macrophages upregulate the hsa-miR-372, hsa-miR-373, and hsa-miR-520d, which present the same seed sequence as the murine mmu-miR-294. Inhibition of the miR-372 impaired Leishmania survival in THP-1 macrophages and the effect was further enhanced with combinatorial inhibition of the miR-372/373/520d family, pointing to a cooperative mechanism. However, this reduction in survival is not caused by miRNA-targeting of NOS2, since the seed-binding motif found in mice is not conserved in the human 3′UTR. Instead, we showed the miR-372/373/520d family targeting the macrophage’s main arginine transporter SLC7A2/CAT2 during infection. Arginine-related metabolism was markedly altered in response to infection and miRNA inhibition, as measured by Mass Spectrometry-based metabolomics. We found that Leishmania infection upregulates polyamines production in macrophages, as opposed to simultaneous inhibition of miR-372/373/520d, which decreased putrescine and spermine levels compared to the negative control. Overall, our study demonstrates miRNA-dependent modulation of polyamines production, establishing permissive conditions for intracellular parasite survival. Although the effector mechanisms causing host cell immunometabolic adaptations involve various parasite and host-derived signals, our findings suggest that the miR-372/373/520d family may represent a potential target for the development of new therapeutic strategies against cutaneous leishmaniasis.
Physical activity trajectory during pregnancy and associations with maternal fatigue using a growth mixture modeling approach
Authors: Yan Shuhan , Jiang Hui , Yang Ziyi , Tang Xinyan , Chen Zihang , Chen Zhifang , Liu Huahua , Zhang Feng
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this study was to investigate the associations of physical activity trajectories with maternal fatigue. Pregnant women provided objectively assessed physical activity data by Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire four times. Fatigue scale-14 was used to assess fatigue during pregnancy. Growth mixture modelling characterized physical activity trajectories across pregnancy. The generalized estimating equations was used to analyze the relationship between different physical activity profiles and fatigue in pregnant women. A total of 626 pregnant women were included in analysis in a teaching hospital in Nantong city. Fatigue (total, mental and physical) was not different between two groups based on total energy expenditure of PA (constantly high vs. constantly low). The pregnant women in “constantly high household PA” group had the higher fatigue compared to “constantly low household PA” (P < 0.05) and “constantly medium household PA” (P < 0.05). The pregnant women in “constantly high sport PA” group had lower fatigue compared to “constantly low sport PA” (P < 0.05). Household PA and sport PA were still an independent influencing factor for fatigue after controlling for confounding variables. Specifically, we observed that higher household PA and lower sport PA were associated with higher fatigue during pregnancy.
Molecular and clinical effects of aromatase inhibitor therapy on skeletal muscle function in early-stage breast cancer
Authors: Seibert Tara A. , Shi Lei , Althouse Sandra , Hoffman Richard , Schneider Bryan P. , Russ Kristen A. , Altherr Cody A. , Warden Stuart J. , Guise Theresa A. , Coggan Andrew R. , Ballinger Tarah J.
Published: January 2024

We evaluated biochemical changes in skeletal muscle of women with breast cancer initiating aromatase inhibitors (AI), including oxidation of ryanodine receptor RyR1 and loss of stabilizing protein calstabin1, and detailed measures of muscle function. Fifteen postmenopausal women with stage I–III breast cancer planning to initiate AI enrolled. Quadriceps muscle biopsy, dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, isokinetic dynamometry, Short Physical Performance Battery, grip strength, 6-min walk, patient-reported outcomes, and serologic measures of bone turnover were assessed before and after 6 months of AI. Post-AI exposure, oxidation of RyR1 significantly increased (0.23 ± 0.37 vs. 0.88 ± 0.80, p < 0.001) and RyR1-bound calstabin1 significantly decreased (1.69 ± 1.53 vs. 0.74 ± 0.85, p < 0.001), consistent with dysfunctional calcium channels in skeletal muscle. Grip strength significantly decreased at 6 months. No significant differences were seen in isokinetic dynamometry measures of muscle contractility, fatigue resistance, or muscle recovery post-AI exposure. However, there was significant correlation between oxidation of RyR1 with muscle power (r = 0.60, p = 0.02) and muscle fatigue (r = 0.57, p = 0.03). Estrogen deprivation therapy for breast cancer resulted in maladaptive changes in skeletal muscle, consistent with the biochemical signature of dysfunctional RyR1 calcium channels. Future studies will evaluate longer trajectories of muscle function change and include other high bone turnover states, such as bone metastases.
Extent of illegal sand mining in the Mekong Delta
Authors: Yuen Kai Wan , Park Edward , Tran Dung Duc , Loc Ho Huu , Feng Lian , Wang Jingyu , Gruel Charles-Robin , Switzer Adam D.
Published: January 2024

Sand is a vital ingredient for modern structures and to meet demand, a substantial volume of sand is extracted illegally from riverbeds globally. The Vietnamese Mekong Delta is one of the largest delta in Asia and it has a long history of riverbed sand mining. We quantified the illegal sand mining rate in this major sand mining hotspot, as the difference between the actual volume of sand mined and the allowable rate of sand extraction set by the provincial government. The volume of illegally mined sand decreased from 16.7 Mm3/yr in 2013 to 15.5 Mm3/yr in 2018-2020. An increase in the allowable rate of sand extraction from 11.5 Mm3/yr to 15.1 Mm3/yr reduced the volume of illegally mined sand. We recommend that scientific research should be conducted to assess the allowable rates of sand extraction and the volume of sand reserve.
Clustering method for time-series images using quantum-inspired digital annealer technology
Authors: Inoue Tomoki , Kubota Koyo , Ikami Tsubasa , Egami Yasuhiro , Nagai Hiroki , Kashikawa Takahiro , Kimura Koichi , Matsuda Yu
Published: January 2024

Time-series clustering is a powerful data mining technique for time-series data in the absence of prior knowledge of the clusters. Here we propose a time-series clustering method that leverages an annealing machine, which accurately solves combinatorial optimization problems. The proposed method facilitates an even classification of time-series data into closely located clusters while maintaining robustness against outliers. We compared the proposed method with an existing standard method for clustering an online distributed dataset and found that both methods yielded comparable results. Furthermore, the proposed method was applied to a flow measurement image dataset containing noticeable noise with a signal-to-noise ratio of approximately unity. Despite a small signal variation of approximately 2%, the proposed method effectively classified the data without any overlaps among the clusters. In contrast, the clustering results of the existing methods exhibited overlapping clusters. These results indicate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
A tunable acoustic absorber using reconfigurable dielectric elastomer actuated petals
Authors: Shrestha M. , Lau G. K. , Chin Y. W. , Teo E. H. T. , Khoo B. C. , Lu Z. B.
Published: January 2024

Dielectric elastomer actuator (DEA)-based unimorphs that actively bend in one direction, can mimic the blooming motion of flower petals. Here we explore an application of such reconfigurable DEA to create tunable acoustic absorber capable of adapting to fluctuations in dominant noise frequency. The DEA-unimorphs consist of alternate layers of dielectric elastomers and compliant electrodes bonded to a Mylar sheet and were micro-slotted to form triangular petal-like structures that bend upon voltage activation. When arranged in an array, the micro-slotted dielectric elastomer bending actuators (MSDEBA) can open like flower petals, actively reconfiguring their open-ratio. Integrated with a base resonator comprising a micro-slotted panel (MSP) and a parallelly arranged varying-depth (VD) back-cavity, the MSDEBA forms a tunable acoustic absorber effective in the low-mid acoustic frequency range at inactive state. Meanwhile, upon voltage activation, it increased the absorber’s open-ratio and tuned the absorber to target a higher frequency. A 5 kV activation reconfigured the MSDEBA to shift its transmission loss peak by 72.74% (i.e., from 697 Hz to 1204 Hz). This acoustic spectrum tuning capability doubled the 15 dB absorption bandwidth of these absorbers from a bandwidth of ~435 Hz to 820 Hz. Such absorbers have the potential to tune the absorption spectrum to match the noise frequency in real-time to ensure optimal acoustic attenuation.
Potential unintended consequences of agricultural land use change driven by dietary transitions
Authors: Blackwell Martin S. A. , Takahashi Taro , Cardenas Laura M. , Collins Adrian L. , Enriquez-Hidalgo Daniel , Griffith Bruce A. , Hunt John , Lee Michael R. F. , Misselbrook Tom H. , Neal Andy L. , Jordana Rivero M. , Shield Ian F. , Storkey Jonathan , Wu Lianhai , Harris Paul
Published: January 2024

With a growing body of research associating livestock agriculture with faster global warming, higher health costs and greater land requirements, a drastic shift towards plant-based diets is often suggested as an effective all-round solution. Implicitly, this argument is predicated on the assumption that the reallocation of resources currently assigned to animal production systems will automatically result in the efficient cultivation of human-edible crops without negative environmental, health or socioeconomic consequences. In reality, however, the validity of this assumption warrants careful examination, as a farm’s capability to adopt a new agricultural system is multifaceted and context-specific. Through a transdisciplinary review of literature, here we discuss examples of unintended consequences that could arise from the conversion of grasslands into arable production, including potentially adverse impacts on yield stability, biodiversity, soil fertility and beyond. We contend that few of these issues are being methodically considered as part of the current food security debate and call for a closer examination of supply-side constraints.
A framework for promoting online prosocial behavior via digital interventions
Authors: Grüning David J. , Kamin Julia , Panizza Folco , Katsaros Matthew , Lorenz-Spreen Philipp
Published: January 2024

Digital interventions for prosocial behavior are increasingly being studied by psychologists. However, academic findings remain largely underutilized by practitioners. We present a practical review and framework for distinguishing three categories of digital interventions––proactive, interactive, and reactive––based on the timing of their implementation. For each category, we present digital, scalable, automated, and scientifically tested interventions and review their empirical evidence. We provide tips for applying these interventions and advice for successful collaborations between academic researchers and practitioners.
The development and validation of a liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method for the quantification of selinexor and its application in Chinese multiple myeloma patients
Authors: Yan Xiaoting , He Xiaoying , Yang Xi , Zhao Qingwei , Lou Yan
Published: January 2024

A UPLC-MS/MS method has been developed for the determination of selinexor concentration in human plasma, and the correlations between plasma drug concentration and some adverse events have also been explored.
Highly efficient grafting of hetero-complementary amidinium and carboxylate hydrogen-bonding/ionic pairs onto polymer surfaces
Authors: Fernandes Ana M. , Martos-Maldonado Manuel C. , Araujo-Morera Javier , Solek Claudia , González-Rodríguez David
Published: January 2024

Polymer materials endowed with hetero-complementary carboxylate and amidinium supramolecular functions can be generated either by solution or by surface grafting.
Research progress on direct borohydride fuel cells
Authors: Liu Liu , Zhang Junming , Zhao Ying , Zhang Milin , Wu Linzhi , Yang Piaoping , Liu Zhiliang
Published: January 2024

This review mainly summarizes the research progress on DBFCs and predicts the future research challenges and feasible research directions. It is hoped that this review will be useful and instructive for the future studies on DBFCs.
Perfluorohalogenated naphthalenes: synthesis, crystal structure, and intermolecular interaction
Authors: Ohtsuka Naoya , Ota Hino , Sugiura Satoshi , Kakinuma Shuya , Sugiyama Haruki , Suzuki Toshiyasu , Momiyama Norie
Published: January 2024

Perfluorohalogenated naphthalenes (PFXNaPs) are unique small molecules with great potential to exhibit a new type of σ-hole and π-hole bonding, owing to the incorporation of multiple F atoms onto the naphthalene ring.
Electronic band structure change with structural transition of buckled Au2X monolayers induced by strain
Authors: Fukuda Masahiro , Ozaki Taisuke
Published: January 2024

Compressive biaxial strain causes the phase transition from η-Au2S to θ-Au2S. The band structure and bandgap of Au2S are changed drastically under strain because of the phase transition.
Charge transfer in superbase n-type doping of PCBM induced by deprotonation
Authors: Dong Chuan-Ding , Bauch Fabian , Hu Yuanyuan , Schumacher Stefan
Published: January 2024

Charge transfer mechanism in the deprotonation-induced n-type doping of PCBM.
Unravelling potential reaction intermediates during catalytic pyrolysis of polypropylene with microscopy and spectroscopy
Authors: Vollmer Ina , Jenks Michael J. F. , Rejman Sebastian , Meirer Florian , Gurinov Andrei , Baldus Marc , Weckhuysen Bert M.
Published: January 2024

Confocal fluorescence microscopy, infrared spectroscopy, UV-Vis spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance are used to study the reaction intermediates during cracking of polypropylene over a fresh and used fluid catalytic cracking catalyst.
Highly selective conversion of diols into aldehydes for the purification of ethylene glycol with a self-adjusting coupling reactor
Authors: Ji Jianwei , Ai Shuo , Yu Wanguo , Liu Linghui , Huang Chengdu
Published: January 2024

A coupling reactor was designed to convert 1,2-propanediol and 1,2-butanediol in ethylene glycol, followed by hydrolysis of acetals and regeneration of ethylene glycol.
Surface modulation of zinc anodes by foveolate ZnTe nanoarrays for dendrite-free zinc ion batteries
Authors: He Yi , Wang Cong , Gan Yaping , Kang Lingzhi , Xie Lei , He Yuhao , Wu Zhihui , Tong Guotong , Zhang Heng , Hu Qiang
Published: January 2024

We employ a cost-effective ZnTe nanoarray as a protective layer to enhance the chemical reversibility for ZIBs, which can effectually prevent the corrosion reactions, hydrogen generation and dendritic growth on the surface of the Zn anode.
Mitochondrial topoisomerase 1 targeted anticancer therapy using irinotecan encapsulated mesoporous MIL-101(Fe) synthesized via a vapour assisted method
Authors: Ghosh Anirban , Ghosh Arijit , Bhattacharyya Arpan , Mitra Riddhi , Das Benu Brata , Bhaumik Asim
Published: January 2024

MOF-mediated selective delivery of irinotecan into the mitochondria to trap mitochondrial Top1-covalent complexes for anticancer chemotherapy.
Cryo-ultramicrotomy enables TEM characterization of global lithium/polymer interfaces
Authors: Zhang Xuedong , Guo Ziang , Li Xin , Liu Qiunan , Hu Huan , Li Fangyuan , Huang Qiao , Zhang Liqiang , Tang Yongfu , Huang Jianyu
Published: January 2024

The cryo-ultramicrotomy technique has been implemented in lithium battery studies, offering an unprecedented opportunity to investigate the atomic to millimeter scale structural features and compositions of the electrode/electrolyte interfaces.
Streptococcus salivarius subsp. thermophilus CCFM1312 enhanced mice resilience to activity-based anorexia
Authors: Zhu Ran , Lan Yuming , Qian Xin , Zhao Jianxin , Wang Gang , Tian Peijun , Chen Wei
Published: January 2024

Probiotics were found to mitigate anorexia in mice by modulating the metabolism of gut microbiota. This effect is likely mediated through the regulation of ghrelin, which in turn influences the feeding and reward systems.
Correction: Gardenia jasminoides J. Ellis extract alleviated white matter damage through promoting the differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells via suppressing neuroinflammation
Authors: Zang Caixia , Liu Hui , Ju Cheng , Yuan Fangyu , Ning Jingwen , Shang Meiyu , Bao Xiuqi , Yu Yang , Yao Xinsheng , Zhang Dan
Published: January 2024

Correction for ‘Gardenia jasminoides J. Ellis extract alleviated white matter damage through promoting the differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells via suppressing neuroinflammation’ by Caixia Zang et al., Food Funct., 2022, 13, 2131–2141, https://doi.org/10.1039/D1FO02127C.
An electron-donor–acceptor complex between two intermediates enables a N–N bond cleavage cascade process to access 2,3-difunctionalized pyridines
Authors: Liu Ya-Zhou , Chen Yu , Wang Amu , Shen Zhongke , Zhou Xueting , Zhang Jichao , Jian Yinxiang , Ma Xiaofeng
Published: January 2024

A visible-light-enabled catalyst-free [3 + 2] cycloaddition/N–N bond cleavage/intramolecular C–N bond formation cascade process to access 2,3-difunctionalized pyridines was developed.
Facile synthesis of electrocatalytically active Cu/graphite using the negative electrode of spent Li-ion batteries
Authors: Itahara Hiroshi , Sakamoto Naonari , Takahashi Naoko , Kosaka Satoru , Takatani Yasuhiro
Published: January 2024

Synthesis of Cu/graphite with catalytic activity toward electrochemical CO2 reduction by using spent graphite negative electrode is reported. The impurity elements (Li and P) in the electrode effectively work to form copper compounds on graphite.
Fast response and multi-color photodetection in p-type Cu:CdS thin films
Authors: V. S. Ganesha Krishna , Kumar Pawan , K. Gowrish Rao , M. G. Mahesha
Published: January 2024

We present an analysis of p-type CdS thin films deposited on glass substrates with the addition of Cu dopants.
Synthesis and characterization of O-PDI for futuristic optoelectronic and rectifier applications
Authors: Akash  , Tiwari J. P.
Published: January 2024

A non-fullerene organic semiconductor, N,N′-di(cis-9-octadecen-1-yl)perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic diimide (O-PDI), was synthesized and characterized for its optoelectronic and rectifier applications.
Atomistic insights into predictive in silico chemical vapor deposition
Authors: Saxena P. K. , Srivastava P. , Srivastava Anshika , Saxena Anshu
Published: January 2024

An unmatched atomistic technique for predictive in silico chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is reported from an experimental and modeling perspective in the current manuscript.
Magnetic field-responsive graphene oxide photonic liquids
Authors: Xu Yi-Tao , Ackroyd Amanda J. , Momeni Arash , Oudah Mohamed , MacLachlan Mark J.
Published: January 2024

Graphene oxide nanosheets within magnetized ferrofluids orient themselves parallel to the direction of a magnetic field, allowing for the formation of photonic liquids with reversible color changes.
Nanoparticle-mediated co-delivery of inflammasome inhibitors provides protection against sepsis
Authors: Nandi Dipika , Debnath Maharshi , Forster James , Pandey Ankit , Bharadwaj Hariharan , Patel Ruchi , Kulkarni Ashish
Published: January 2024

A dual-drug loaded nanoparticle demonstrates superior inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome activation and improves the survival rate in a mouse model of septic peritonitis.
Alcohol synthesis based on the SN2 reactions of alkyl halides with the squarate dianion
Authors: Sato Kazuto , Fujita Tomoyuki , Takeuchi Takashi , Suzuki Takahiro , Ikeuchi Kazutada , Tanino Keiji
Published: January 2024

We developed a convenient method for transforming alkyl halides into the corresponding alcohols through an SN2 reaction using the squarate anion, prepared from squaric acid and a base, followed by a one-pot hydrolysis of the resulting squaric esters.
Enantioselective construction of chiral gem-difluorinated C2-quaternary indoline via dual MgSO4–CPA-catalyzed asymmetric Mannich reactions
Authors: Wang Xin-Chun , Wei Xing-Pin , Zou Chang-Peng , Ma Tao , He Yonghui , Li Ganpeng , Zhao Xiao-Jing
Published: January 2024

Herein, the synthesis of 2-(3,3-difluoro-2-phenylindolin-2-yl)-1-phenylethan-1-one scaffolds through asymmetric Mannich reactions between 3,3-difluoro cyclic ketimines and simple ketones is described.
Current perspectives, challenges, and future directions in the electrochemical detection of microplastics
Authors: Kamel Ayman H. , Hefnawy A. , Hazeem Layla J. , Rashdan Suad A. , Abd-Rabboh Hisham S. M.
Published: January 2024

Microplastics (5 μm) are a developing threat that contaminate every environmental compartment.
Flexible electrode of Fe-doped NiSe2@porous graphene as binder-free anode for lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Guo Caiyun , Zhang Bo , Xiao Mengru , Hao Mingming , Zhao Liting , Zhang Xiaoting , Zhang Hongyan , Wang Rui
Published: January 2024

Fe-doped NiSe2@porous graphene is prepared via filtration, annealing, and selenylation. The interfacial interaction between graphene and NiSe2 is enhanced by Fe doping and facilitates the transfer of lithium ions and electrons.
Morphotropic phase boundary-based BaTi0.89Sn0.11O3 filler induced polarization tuned P(VDF-TrFE) composites as efficient piezo-tribo hybrid nanogenerators
Authors: Maiti Payel , Sasmal Abhishek , Arockiarajan A. , Mitra Rahul
Published: January 2024

The BaTi0.89Sn0.11O3 (BTS) filler has shown the ability to greatly tune the dielectric permittivity and ferroelectric polarization of the host P(VDF-TrFE) matrix. This was advantageous both for the piezoelectric and piezo-tribo hybrid energy harvesting performance of the composite system.
Confinement twists achiral liquid crystals and causes chiral liquid crystals to twist in the opposite handedness: cases in and around sessile droplets
Authors: Kim Jungmyung , Jeong Joonwoo
Published: January 2024

We study energetics behind chiral symmetry breaking and metastability of achiral and chiral lyotropic chromonic liquid crystals in and around sessile droplets.
Low solid content mouldable chitin physical hydrogel prepared by atypical rupture-free swelling
Authors: Kaku Yuto , Okada Satoshi , Fujisawa Shuji , Saito Tsuguyuki , Isobe Noriyuki
Published: January 2024

Atypical rupture-free swelling of chitin physical gel results in low solid content mouldable chitin hydrogel. By adjusting the degree of acetylation alone, mouldable chitin hydrogels with a broad range of gel concentrations (0.2–6.4 wt%) are obtained.
Ni3S2/Co3S4 with controlled surface electron arrangement for high-performance aqueous energy storage
Authors: Liang Miaomiao , Li Zhenyang , Kang Yongxia , Zhao Xiaoliang , Zhang Xiaozhe , Zhang Hemeng , Wang Haiyang , Miao Zongcheng , Fu Chong
Published: January 2024

Ni3S2/Co3S4-Sv is prepared as an electrode material of Ni–Zn battery and supercapacitors. It displays lowered OH− adsorption energy and high DOS value due to combined effect of the heterostructure and sulfur vacancies as reflected from DFT results.
Oxygen-vacancy-rich CeO2/Ru nanoparticles enable a high-performance catalyst for alkaline hydrogen oxidation
Authors: Cheng Zhiyu , Yang Yang , Yang Jiahe , Chen Shi , Wang Peichen , Wang Pengcheng , Tong Huigang , Wang Changlai , Chen Qianwang
Published: January 2024

The abundant oxygen vacancies in Ru/CeO2(v)/C can provide sufficient OH adsorption sites. The interfacial effect can realize the equilibrium adsorption of H and OH at the interface, improving the activity and stability of the catalyst.
Suppression of bipolar excitation and enhanced thermoelectric performance in n-type Bi2Te3 with argyrodite Ag8SnSe6 inclusion
Authors: Haruna Abubakar Yakubu , Luo Yubo , Li Wang , An Min , Fu Peichi , Li Xin , Jiang Qinghui , Yang Junyou
Published: January 2024

We demonstrate the dissolution of Ag and Sn from Ag8SnSe6 and their subsequent reaction with an n-type matrix.
Embedded bioprinted multicellular spheroids modeling pancreatic cancer bioarchitecture towards advanced drug therapy
Authors: Wei Xiaoyun , Wu Yiwen , Chen Keke , Wang Ling , Xu Mingen
Published: January 2024

A facile embedded dot bioprinting system for bioengineering desmoplastic PDAC spheroids with scalable, flexible and robust performance, or multi-type spheroid patterns for advanced drug therapy or disease mechanism exploration, is introduced.
N-to-S substitution induced fluorescence-to-phosphorescence dominant emission with excitation-dependent intersystem crossing
Authors: Li Guoyan , Li Yexin , Yang Xiaofeng , Miao Jinling , Cui Yu , Nie Yong , Yang Shuaijun , Liu Wei , Sun Guoxin
Published: January 2024

A small variation in a molecule structure induces a drastic change from fluorescence (F)-dominant to phosphorescence (P)-dominant dual emission with excitation-dependent properties.
Correction: An impedimetric immunosensor for diagnosis of Brazilian spotted fever in blood plasma
Authors: Araújo Pereira Marx Osório , Júnior Álvaro Ferreira , Batista Rodrigues Edson Silvio , Mulser Helena , Nascimento de Mello e Silva Giovanna , Pio dos Santos Wallans Torres , de Souza Gil Eric
Published: January 2024

Correction for ‘An impedimetric immunosensor for diagnosis of Brazilian spotted fever in blood plasma’ by Marx Osório Araújo Pereira et al., Anal. Methods, 2024, https://doi.org/10.1039/d3ay01308a.
Enhanced surface flashover performance of oriented hexagonal boron nitride composites via anisotropic charge transportation
Authors: Zhang Yingfan , Wang Haohuan , Huang Zhengyong , Li Jian
Published: January 2024

Surface flashover is a crucial issue for the miniaturisation of electronic facilities in military, industrial, and aerospace engineering. The oriented hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) composites, due to excellent thermal and electrical insulating properties, show a potential application in high‐voltage power equipment, while the surface flashover performance of hBN composites dependent on oriented hBN texture is rarely reported. The effects of hBN orientation and contents on the surface flashover performances of oriented hBN composites are investigated. The isothermal surface potential decay of the oriented hBN composites was also studied. It is found that the charge transportation could be adjusted by the hBN orientation, thus regulating surface flashover strength. The DC flashover voltage of the in‐plane oriented hBN composites with a thickness of 15 μm reached the maximum of 27.6 kV at the hBN loading of 20 wt%, 14.5% higher than that of the pure resin. The carrier mobility of out‐of‐plane oriented hBN composites is about three times greater than that of the in‐plane oriented composites, indicating that the charges are easily transported along the hBN basal plane. The larger carrier mobility causes charge dissipation in composites near the electrode at the hBN basal plane parallel to the axis of electrodes and inhibits the distortion of the surface electric field on the composites, thus enhancing the surface flashover. Consequently, developing oriented insulators for high‐voltage applications and enabling an optimum insulation design would be beneficial because of the compactness and high reliability of power apparatus for use in power grids.
Estimating the potential maximum power point based on the calculation of short‐circuit current and open‐circuit voltage
Authors: Bui Van Hien , Truong Viet Anh , Nguyen Vu Lan , Duong Thanh Long
Published: January 2024

This paper presents a technique to quickly determine the potential maximum power point (MPP) of a photovoltaic system using the duty cycle (D) of the DC/DC converter. The proposed method depends on estimating the open‐circuit voltage (Voc) and short‐circuit current (Isc) values under different operating conditions. It is an adapted version derived from the conventional Perturb and Observe (P&O) algorithm, designed to restrict the search area for the MPP. The working conditions, including temperature variations, irradiance, or both, are simulated in the PSIM environment and experimented with a simulator with parameters satisfied according to the proposed operating conditions. The research objective of this study also involves operating under partially shaded conditions. When comparing the results of this research with those obtained from the traditional P&O method and the Variable Step Size Perturb and Observe (VSSP&O) approach, it becomes evident that the proposed solution excels in terms of both convergence speed and performance, particularly when operating under partial shade conditions. In addition, this study's methods of determining Isc, Voc, and Dmp can be widely applied in low‐voltage and power systems.
Multi‐timescale synergistic planning for flexible regulation of thermal power to support wind‐photovoltaic‐storage
Authors: Fan Hong , Li Ting , Jia Qing‐Shan , Zhuang Mengmeng
Published: January 2024

With the proposed goal of 30•60 carbon peak and carbon neutrality, the proportion of new energy continues to increase, the proportion of conventional power supply capacity continues to decrease, and the flexibility demand of the existing power system continues to increase and the flexibility adjustment ability is insufficient. Therefore, a medium and long term planning method is proposed to flexibly adjust the multi‐time scale coordination of thermal power support wind and solar storage. Considering the long‐term investment decision and the short and medium term operation simulation, the flexible transformation cost and the penalty cost of insufficient flexibility of thermal power units are included in the planning objective, and a multi‐time scale coordinated planning model is established with wind power as the main power source and thermal power and hydrogen energy storage as the auxiliary power source. Through the multi‐stage cycle iteration of investment decision model, medium and long term production simulation and typical daily operation simulation, the flexible transformation resources of wind and solar fire storage and thermal power are optimized. Finally, a provincial power grid in northeast China is taken as an example to verify that hydrogen energy storage equipment assisting thermal power unit flexibility transformation can better support load fluctuation and large‐scale new energy access in new power systems.
The compact multi-planet system GJ 9827 revisited with ESPRESSO
Authors: Passegger V. M. , Suárez Mascareño A. , Allart R. , González Hernández J. I. , Lovis C. , Lavie B. , Silva A. M. , Müller H. M. , Tabernero H. M. , Cristiani S. , Pepe F. , Rebolo R. , Santos N. C. , Adibekyan V. , Alibert Y. , Allende Prieto C. , Barros S. C. C. , Bouchy F. , Castro-González A. , D’Odorico V. , Dumusque X. , Di Marcantonio P. , Ehrenreich D. , Figueira P. , Génova Santos R. , Lo Curto G. , Martins C. J. A. P. , Mehner A. , Micela G. , Molaro P. , Nari N. , Nunes N. J. , Pallé E. , Poretti E. , Rodrigues J. , Sousa S. G. , Sozzetti A. , Udry S. , Zapatero Osorio M. R.
Published: January 2024

GJ 9827 is a bright, nearby K7V star orbited by two super-Earths and one mini-Neptune on close-in orbits. The system was first discovered using K2 data and then further characterized by other spectroscopic and photometric instruments. Previous literature studies provide several mass measurements for the three planets, however, with large variations and uncertainties. To better constrain the planetary masses, we added high-precision radial velocity measurements from ESPRESSO to published datasets from HARPS, HARPS-N, and HIRES and we performed a Gaussian process analysis combining radial velocity and photometric datasets from K2 and TESS. This method allowed us to model the stellar activity signal and derive precise planetary parameters. We determined planetary masses of Mb = 4.28−0.33+0.35 M⊕, Mc = 1.86−0.39+0.37 M⊕, and Md = 3.02−0.57+0.58 M⊕, and orbital periods of 1.208974 ± 0.000001 days for planet b, 3.648103−0.000010+0.000013 days for planet c, and 6.201812 ± 0.000009 days for planet d. We compared our results to literature values and found that our derived uncertainties for the planetary mass, period, and radial velocity amplitude are smaller than the previously determined uncertainties. We modeled the interior composition of the three planets using the machine-learning-based tool ExoMDN and conclude that GJ 9827 b and c have an Earth-like composition, whereas GJ 9827 d has an hydrogen envelope, which, together with its density, places it in the mini-Neptune regime.
Consequence modeling of a compressed hydrogen tube trailer explosion – theoretical study
Authors: Suvar Marius Cornel , Zsido Sorin , Miclea Olga , Pasculescu Adina Cristina
Published: January 2024

In the present context, with the increasing focus on decarbonization and the transition toward sustainable energy systems, due to the imminent climate crisis, hydrogen has emerged as one of the key players in the quest for clean and renewable energy solutions. If this alternative fuel will be widely distributed, it can be used as an energy source for industry, households, and transportation, thereby promoting a carbon-free society. However, hydrogen's safe handling and transportation present significant challenges due to its unique properties and potential hazards.

Given the high level of interest in the future of hydrogen applications, assumed by European Commission in the European Hydrogen Strategy and transposed in national strategies and action plans for the member states, special safety measures must be taken to avoid accidents.

The study aims to provide an overview of the physical and chemical properties of compressed hydrogen and the specific characteristics of tube trailers used for its transportation and to examine the potential scenarios that may lead to a tube trailer explosion, such as ignition sources, leakages, or accidents during transit. Consequence modeling techniques are employed to evaluate the potential hazards and impacts of accidental hydrogen release from a tube trailer. This includes dispersion modeling to assess the extent of the hydrogen cloud and its potential for ignition, which can lead to jet fire or rising fireballs. Process Hazard Analysis Software Tool (PHAST) was utilized to evaluate the hazardous extent of the occurrence area and to estimate the effects of the theoretical explosion scenarios presented.
Integrated CAD/CAM Approach for Experimental Stands in Hydrogen Explosion Analysis
Authors: Munteanu Laurentiu , Suvar Marius Cornel , Morar Marius , Miclea Olga , Pasculescu Adina Cristina
Published: January 2024

Hydrogen is considered a promising clean energy carrier gas for the future and is used in fuel cell systems to generate electricity without producing greenhouse gas emissions. However, the safe storage and handling of hydrogen are essential for the widespread adoption of hydrogen as an alternative energy source. Research into hydrogen explosions is aimed at developing safe storage methods, safety guidelines, and accident prevention measures - crucial objectives for the sustainable growth of the hydrogen economy. Fundamental research into fast hydrogen combustion requires specially designed and built experimental stands to ensure both safe operation and recording of explosion parameters. More than a simple combustion chamber, often the geometry of the stands must contain elements to increase the complexity of the explosion process. In this respect, this paper deals with the possibilities of designing and 3D printing obstacles that can be placed in the path of hydrogen explosions on research stands to modify the cross-section, direct the pressure waves, turbulence the fluid movements, or even suppress the flame front. By combining the computer-aided modeling and design facilities offered by the Autodesk Fusion 360 software, digitized models are converted into 3D objects by the process of dividing them into thin horizontal layers (slices) and transmitting the information thus generated to the 3D printer, using Ultimaker Cura. Here, through the process of material deposition and fusion (FDM), the thermoplastic material is extruded, deposited layer by layer, rapidly cooling, and solidifying to form the final object.
Strukturierte Praxisanleitung sichert Patientenleben im OP
Authors: Scheer Antje , Losch Martina , Becker Petra
Published: January 2024

Die Praxisanleitung ist einer der Eckpfeiler, um die Qualität im OP-Bereich zu sichern und weiterzuentwickeln. Um Aufgaben in den komplexen Handlungsfeldern wahrzunehmen, ist eine intensive praktische Anleitung unerlässlich, damit sich berufsspezifische Kompetenzen entwickeln. Ziel der Praxisanleitung ist es, die Aus- und Weiterzubildenden schrittweise an die Wahrnehmung der beruflichen Aufgaben heranzuführen und somit die Versorgungsqualität der Patienten sicherzustellen.
Subgruppieren – Tests und Untersuchung der Schulter
Authors: Luomajoki Hannu
Published: January 2024

Im Gegensatz zu Rückenschmerzen sucht man bei Schulterbeschwerden häufig noch nach strukturellen Ursachen. Doch auch hier ist es sinnvoll, die Patient*innen in Subgruppen einzuteilen. Das vereinfacht den Denkprozess im Clinical Reasoning und ermöglicht eine strukturierte Vorgehensweise in der Untersuchung und Behandlung.
Acidic Hydrogen-Tethered Electron-Deficient Acceptors for Phosphine-Catalyzed Annulations
Authors: Guo Hongchao , Zhou Leijie
Published: January 2024

Nucleophilic phosphine-catalyzed annulations are recognized as practical and powerful tools for synthesizing various cyclic compounds. Phosphine acceptors play a key role in nucleophilic phosphine catalysis. The design and synthesis of new phosphine acceptors that are able to introduce new zwitterionic intermediates with new reactivities into phosphine-catalyzed annulations is highly desirable. We recently applied proton-shift principles in the design of new phosphine acceptors, and we synthesized several new acceptors. With the use of these acceptors, we have developed several novel phosphine-catalyzed annulation reactions. In this account, we present a brief introduction to the design and application of a series of acidic-hydrogen-tethered electron-deficient acceptors for phosphine-catalyzed annulation reactions, categorized according to the type of atom (N–H, O–H, C–H) to which the acidic hydrogen is bound.

1 Introduction

2 Phosphine Acceptors Tethered with an Acidic N–H Group

3 Phosphine Acceptors Tethered with an Acidic O–H Group

4 Phosphine Acceptors Tethered with an Acidic C–H Group

5 Conclusions
The Use of Internet of Things (IoT) Technology to Promote Children's Oral Health: A Scoping Review
Authors: Khafid Moh , Bramantoro Taufan , Hariyani Ninuk , Setyowati Dini , Palupi Retno , Ariawantara Putu Aditya Ferdian , Pratamawari Dyah Nawang Palupi , Pindobilowo Pindobilowo , Mohd Nor Nor Azlida
Published: January 2024

Dental treatments and oral health promotion are now more mobile and versatile thanks to the Internet of Things (IoT)-based healthcare services. This scoping review aims to compile the available data and outline the aims, design, assessment procedures, efficacy, advantages, and disadvantages of the implementation of IoT to improve children's oral health. Articles for this review were gathered from PubMed, Scopus, and Ebscohost databases to identify and construct the keywords and primary research topic. The selected studies were published between 2000 and 2022 and focused on children aged 1 to 18 and/or parents/caregivers of children who received oral health promotion and/or dental disease preventive treatments utilizing the IoT. Each study topic required data extraction. A total of nine papers were included in this review. Two of the nine publications were quasi-experimental, while the remaining six papers were randomized control trials. The nine papers considered in this appraisal have a range of interventions and follow-up periods. Mobile-Health (m-Health), home healthcare, hospital/clinical management, and electronic-Health applications (e-Health) are the most common IoT architecture used as interventions. Three studies assessed oral health knowledge and behavior scores, whereas the bulk of studies (6/7) used m-Health treatments focusing on dental plaque buildup as well as gingival health evaluation to assess oral hygiene. IoT is one of the mediums or instruments that might be used to encourage children's dental health. The studies suggest that the use of IoT could help in improving oral hygiene and oral health, which can further improve children's oral health.
Biomarkers: Are They Useful in Severe Community-Acquired Pneumonia?
Authors: Póvoa Pedro , Pitrowsky Melissa , Guerreiro Gonçalo , Pacheco Mariana B. , Salluh Jorge I.F.
Published: January 2024

Community acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a prevalent infectious disease often requiring hospitalization, although its diagnosis remains challenging as there is no gold standard test. In severe CAP, clinical and radiologic criteria have poor sensitivity and specificity, and microbiologic documentation is usually delayed and obtained in less than half of sCAP patients. Biomarkers could be an alternative for diagnosis, treatment monitoring and establish resolution. Beyond the existing evidence about biomarkers as an adjunct diagnostic tool, most evidence comes from studies including CAP patients in primary care or emergency departments, and not only sCAP patients. Ideally, biomarkers used in combination with signs, symptoms, and radiological findings can improve clinical judgment to confirm or rule out CAP diagnosis, and may be valuable adjunctive tools for risk stratification, differentiate viral pneumonia and monitoring the course of CAP. While no single biomarker has emerged as an ideal one, CRP and PCT have gathered the most evidence. Overall, biomarkers offer valuable information and can enhance clinical decision-making in the management of CAP, but further research and validation are needed to establish their optimal use and clinical utility.
What is Spanish regulation on the application of artificial intelligence to medicine like?
Authors: Molina Óscar Andrés , Bernal Miriam Jiménez , Wolf Daniel López , Herreros Benjamín
Published: January 2024

This article will attempt to analyze the current impact of Artificial Intelligence in Spanish healthcare, as well as the challenges that its application poses both from an ethical and legal point of view. Technological advances, which are already being applied in healthcare, make it necessary to adapt the legal system to the new trends that are emerging in society and force healthcare professionals to review their codes of ethics in the face of new ethical dilemmas, since these codes of ethics do not have clear guidelines for action on AI that raise relevant ethical problems to which no response is being given, except for the code of ethics for medicine, which has recently been included. After a review of the last 5 years of Spanish and European regulations in medicine, it can be concluded that the regulation and legislation of the application of AI is very deficient, both in the EU and in Spain. In order to try to identify different ways of resolving conflicts related to AI in medicine, jurisprudential sentences related to the rights and obligations of health professionals, patients and users have been analyzed and reviewed. Therefore, the paper concludes with the proposal of a series of aspects to be taken into account for the future regulation of the application of AI in medicine.