bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Stromal peeling for deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty in post-penetrating keratoplasty eyes
Authors: Bovone Cristina , Nahum Yoav , Scorcia Vincenzo , Giannaccare Giuseppe , Spena Rossella , Myerscough James , Yu Angeli Christy , Busin Massimo
Published: November 2020

Background/aims

To evaluate the clinical outcomes of deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty performed by stromal peeling in eyes that have previously undergone penetrating keratoplasty (PK) for keratoconus.

Methods

Standardised stromal exchange included (1) 9 mm trephination of the recipient bed outside the old PK wound, (2) creation of a partial anterior corneal flap through lamellar dissection across the PK wound, (3) opening the stromal component of the old PK wound using blunt-tipped Vannas scissors until a plane of separation is reached, (4) severing the attachment of the PK surgical scar from the recipient host, (5) peeling the stroma of the PK graft from the underlying tissue and (6) suturing the donor anterior corneal lamella prepared by microkeratome dissection (450 µm depth, 9 mm diameter). Main outcome measures were success rate, best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA) and endothelial cell loss (ECL).

Results

Of 21 post-PK eyes, stromal exchange succeeded in all but three cases, which were converted to a two-piece mushroom PK. After complete suture removal, mean BSCVA significantly improved from 0.95±0.39 logMAR preoperatively to 0.23±0.17 logMAR (p<0.001). Mean ECL was 5.4±23.2%. Double anterior chamber formation occurred in eight cases (44%), which all resolved after a single re-bubbling.

Conclusion

In post-PK eyes, stromal exchange can be performed by means of simple peeling without deep anterior lamellar dissection of the previous PK graft. Large-diameter (9 mm) repeat keratoplasty through stromal peeling yields excellent visual outcomes and minimal ECL. Double anterior chamber formation may complicate the postoperative course, but prompt intervention allows successful management.
Characterisation of macular superficial vessel density alteration in preclinical ethambutol-induced optic neuropathy using optical coherence tomography angiography
Authors: Su Lingya , Li Qiushi , Zhu Liwei , Wu Shuangqing , Sha Xiaotong , Sheng Wenyan , Bao Zhijian , Ge Wei , Xu Qibin
Published: November 2020

Aim

To investigate the changes in macular vessel density (mVD) and its relationship to macular ganglion cell–inner plexiform layer (mGCIPL) thickness in patients receiving ethambutol (EMB) therapy for tuberculosis without recognisable clinical symptoms or signs of EMB-induced optic neuropathy (EON).

Methods

A total of 23 eyes of 13 patients using EMB therapy for 6 months without EON (preclinical EON) as the EMB group, 40 eyes of 23 healthy individuals as the normal control group and 18 eyes of 10 patients with tuberculosis before receiving EMB therapy as the blank control group were retrospectively analysed. The mean peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer (pRNFL) and mGCIPL thicknesses and mVD were measured using optical coherence tomography angiography. Patients in the EMB group were compared with individuals in the normal and blank control groups, and changes in macular parameters were evaluated.

Results

Central circle mVD (cCVD) was significantly lower in the EMB group than in both control groups (generalised estimating equation (GEE), p=0.003 and 0.029, respectively). The mGCIPL thickness in all regions and the mean pRNFL thickness were not significantly different between the EMB group and both control groups (GEE, p=1.000 for all). There were no significant differences in mVD, mGCIPL thickness and mean pRNFL thickness between the normal control and blank control groups (p>0.05). In the generalised linear model analyses, the minimum and inferonasal mGCIPL thicknesses were positively correlated with cCVD in the EMB group (β=1.285, p=0.003 and β=0.770, p=0.024, respectively).

Conclusions

cCVD decreased with no changes in mGCIPL and mean pRNFL thicknesses in patients with preclinical EON. The minimum and inferonasal mGCIPL thicknesses were positively correlated with cCVD. cCVD might be an early indicator for monitoring early-stage EMB toxicity.
One threat, different answers: the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on cornea donation and donor selection across Europe
Authors: Thuret Gilles , Courrier Emilie , Poinard Sylvain , Gain Philippe , Baud'Huin Marc , Martinache Isabelle , Cursiefen Claus , Maier Philip , Hjortdal Jesper , Sanchez Ibanez Jacinto , Ponzin Diego , Ferrari Stefano , Jones Gary , Griffoni Carlo , Rooney Paul , Bennett Kyle , Armitage W John , Figueiredo Francisco , Nuijts Rudy , Dickman Mor
Published: November 2020

Objectives

To assess to which extent the COVID-19 pandemic affected corneal transplantation by virtue of donor selection algorithms in different European countries.

Design

Survey.

Setting

110 eye banks in 26 European countries.

Participants

64 eye banks covering 95% of European corneal transplantation activity.

Interventions

A questionnaire listing the number of corneas procured and distributed from February to May 2018–2020 was circulated to eye banks.

Main outcome measures

The primary outcome was the number of corneal procurements. Additional outcomes were national algorithms for donor selection, classified according to their stringency (donors with COVID-19 history, suspected for COVID-19, asymptomatic, PCR testing) and the pandemic severity in each country. We calculated Spearman’s correlation coefficient to determine, two by two, the relationship between the 3-month decline in eye banking activity (procurement), the stringency of donor selection algorithm and the grading of pandemic severity (cases and deaths). A partial correlation was run to determine the relationship between decline and stringency while controlling for pandemic severity.

Results

Procurements decreased by 38%, 68% and 41%, respectively, in March, April and May 2020 compared with the mean of the previous 2 years, while grafts decreased, respectively, by 28%, 68% and 56% corresponding to 3866 untreated patients in 3 months. Significant disparities between countries and the decrease in activity correlated with stringency in donor selection independent of pandemic severity.

Conclusions

Our data demonstrate significant differences between countries regarding donor screening algorithms based on precautionary principles and, consequently, a decrease in the donor pool, already constrained by a long list of contraindications. Fundamental studies are needed to determine the risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission by corneal transplantation and guide evidence-based recommendations for donor selection to justify their substantial medical and economic impact.
How does occupational physical activity influence health? An umbrella review of 23 health outcomes across 158 observational studies
Authors: Cillekens Bart , Lang Matthias , van Mechelen Willem , Verhagen Evert , Huysmans Maaike A , Holtermann Andreas , van der Beek Allard J , Coenen Pieter
Published: November 2020

Objective

Physical activity (PA) has substantial benefits across a range of health outcomes. There is uncertainty about the PA-specific health effects, and in particular, the occupational domain. In this umbrella review, we synthesised available evidence on the associations between occupational PA (OPA) and health-related outcomes (including cancer, all-cause mortality and cardiovascular disease). This work informed the development of WHO’s guidelines on PA and sedentary behaviour (2020).

Design

Umbrella review of systematic reviews.

Data source

We performed a literature search in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, CINAHL and Sportdiscuss from database inception to 2 December 2019.

Eligibility criteria for selecting studies

We included systematic reviews if they contained a quantitative assessment of OPA and its relationship with at least one health-related outcome.

Results

We summarised the evidence of 17 reviews covering 23 unique health-related outcomes. We graded most evidence as low or very low, or moderate quality. We found health benefits for those engaging in high versus low OPA for multiple cancer outcomes (including colon and prostate), ischaemic stroke, coronary heart disease and mental health (ie, mental well-being and life satisfaction). High OPA was associated with unfavourable health outcomes for all-cause mortality in men, mental ill health (ie, depression and anxiety), osteoarthritis, and sleep quality and duration.

Conclusions

We found favourable associations for most health-related outcomes with high OPA levels, but we also found some evidence for unfavourable associations due to high OPA levels. At this point, there is a need for better quality evidence to provide a unequivocal statement on the health effects of OPA.
Is long-bout sedentary behaviour associated with long-term glucose levels 3 months after acute ischaemic stroke? A prospective observational cohort study
Authors: Alme Katinka Nordheim , Knapskog Anne-Brita , Næss Halvor , Naik Mala , Beyer Mona , Ellekjaer Hanne , English Coralie , Hansen Hege Ihle , Kummeneje Camilla Sollesnes , Munthe-Kaas Ragnhild , Saltvedt Ingvild , Seljeseth Yngve , Tan Xiangchung , Thingstad Pernille , Askim Torunn
Published: November 2020

Background and purpose

Sedentary behaviour is a risk factor for vascular disease and stroke patients are more sedentary than their age-matched peers. The association with glucose levels, as a potential mediator, is unclear, and we have investigated the association between long-bout sedentary behaviour and long-term glucose levels in stroke survivors.

Methods

This study uses data from the Norwegian Cognitive Impairment After Stroke study, a multicentre cohort study. The patients were recruited at hospital admission for acute stroke, and the follow-up was done at the outpatient clinic. Sedentary behaviour—being in a sitting or reclining position—was registered 3 months after stroke using position transition data from the body-worn sensor activPAL attached to the unaffected thigh. A MATLAB script was developed to extract activity data from 08:00 to 10:00 for 4 days and to categorise the data into four bout-length categories. The primary outcome was glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), analysed at 3 months. Regression models were used to analyse the association between HbA1c and sedentary behaviour in the whole population and stratified based on a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus (DM). Age, body mass index and the use of antidiabetic drugs were added as covariates into the models.

Results

From a total of 815 included patients, 379 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria for this study. We found no association between time in sedentary behaviour and HbA1c in the whole stroke population. We found time in sedentary behaviour in bouts of ≥90 min to be associated with a higher HbA1c in patients with DM.

Conclusion

Long-bout sedentary time is associated with a higher HbA1c in patients with DM 3 months after ischaemic stroke. Future research should investigate the benefit of breaking up sedentary time as a secondary preventive measure.

Trial registration number

NCT02650531, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02650531
Phase I feasibility study of Magnetic Resonance guided High Intensity Focused Ultrasound-induced hyperthermia, Lyso-Thermosensitive Liposomal Doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide in de novo stage IV breast cancer patients: study protocol of the i-GO study
Authors: de Maar Josanne S , Suelmann Britt B M , Braat Manon N G J A , van Diest P J , Vaessen H H B , Witkamp Arjen J , Linn S C , Moonen Chrit T W , van der Wall Elsken , Deckers Roel
Published: November 2020

Introduction

In breast cancer, local tumour control is thought to be optimised by administering higher local levels of cytotoxic chemotherapy, in particular doxorubicin. However, systemic administration of higher dosages of doxorubicin is hampered by its toxic side effects. In this study, we aim to increase doxorubicin deposition in the primary breast tumour without changing systemic doxorubicin concentration and thus without interfering with systemic efficacy and toxicity. This is to be achieved by combining Lyso-Thermosensitive Liposomal Doxorubicin (LTLD, ThermoDox, Celsion Corporation, Lawrenceville, NJ, USA) with mild local hyperthermia, induced by Magnetic Resonance guided High Intensity Focused Ultrasound (MR-HIFU). When heated above 39.5°C, LTLD releases a high concentration of doxorubicin intravascularly within seconds. In the absence of hyperthermia, LTLD leads to a similar biodistribution and antitumour efficacy compared with conventional doxorubicin.

Methods and analysis

This is a single-arm phase I study in 12 chemotherapy-naïve patients with de novo stage IV HER2-negative breast cancer. Previous endocrine treatment is allowed. Study treatment consists of up to six cycles of LTLD at 21-day intervals, administered during MR-HIFU-induced hyperthermia to the primary tumour. We will aim for 60 min of hyperthermia at 40°C–42°C using a dedicated MR-HIFU breast system (Profound Medical, Mississauga, Canada). Afterwards, intravenous cyclophosphamide will be administered. Primary endpoints are safety, tolerability and feasibility. The secondary endpoint is efficacy, assessed by radiological response.

This approach could lead to optimal loco-regional control with less extensive or even no surgery, in de novo stage IV patients and in stage II/III patients allocated to receive neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Ethics and dissemination

This study has obtained ethical approval by the Medical Research Ethics Committee Utrecht (Protocol NL67422.041.18, METC number 18-702). Informed consent will be obtained from all patients before study participation. Results will be published in an academic peer-reviewed journal.

Trial registration numbers

NCT03749850, EudraCT 2015-005582-23.
Individualised physical exercise training and enhanced protein intake in older citizens during municipality-based rehabilitation: protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Teljigovic Sanel , Søgaard Karen , Sandal Louise Fleng , Dalager Tina , Nielsen Nina Odgaard , Sjøgaard Gisela , Holm Lars
Published: November 2020

Introduction

Successful rehabilitation of the growing number of older citizens receiving healthcare services can lead to preservation of functional independence and improvement in quality of life. Adequate intake of dietary protein and physical training are key factors in counteracting the age-related decline in strength performance and physical function. However, during rehabilitation, many older people/persons have insufficient protein intake, and difficulties in performing exercise training with sufficient intensity and volume. The primary aim of this trial is to investigate if individualised physical exercise training programmes combined with increased protein intake (IPET+P) can improve measures on all International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health levels, such as strength, gait speed and health-related quality of life, when compared with care as usual in municipality-based rehabilitation alone (usual care, UC) or care as usual in combination with increased protein intake (UC+P). Further, the trial investigates whether UC+P will potentiate more significant improvements in outcome measures than UC.

Methods and analysis

The trial is a three-armed multicentre, block-randomised controlled trial consisting of a 12-week intervention period with a 1-year follow-up. Citizens above 65 years referred to rehabilitation in the municipality without restricting comorbidities are eligible. Participants are randomised to either a UC group, a UC group with protein supplementation receiving 27.5 g protein/day (UC+P), or an IPET+P supplementation of 27.5 g protein/day. The Short Musculoskeletal Function Assessment questionnaire is the primary outcome.

Ethics and dissemination

Approvals from The Ethics Committee in Region Zealand, Denmark (SJ-758), and the General Data Protection Regulation at the University of Southern Denmark, Odense (10.330) have been obtained.

Trial registration number

NCT04091308
Sex-specific temporal trends in ambulatory heart failure incidence, mortality and hospitalisation in Ontario, Canada from 1994 to 2013: a population-based cohort study
Authors: Sun Louise Y , Mielniczuk Lisa M , Liu Peter P , Beanlands Rob S , Chih Sharon , Davies Ross , Coutinho Thais , Lee Douglas S , Austin Peter C , Bader Eddeen Anan , Tu Jack V
Published: November 2020

Objectives

To examine the temporal trends in mortality and heart failure (HF) hospitalisation in ambulatory patients following a new diagnosis of HF.

Design

Retrospective cohort study

Setting

Outpatient

Participants

Ontario residents who were diagnosed with HF in an outpatient setting between 1994 and 2013.

Primary and secondary outcome measures

The primary outcome was all-cause mortality within 1 year of diagnosis and the secondary outcome was HF hospitalisation within 1 year. Risks of mortality and hospitalisation were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method and the relative hazard of death was assessed using multivariable Cox proportional hazard models.

Results

A total of 352 329 patients were studied (50% female). During the study period, there was a greater decline in age standardised 1-year mortality rates (AMR) in men (33%) than in women (19%). Specifically, female AMR at 1 year was 10.4% (95% CI 9.1% to 12.0%) in 1994 and 8.5% (95% CI 7.5% to 9.5%) in 2013, and male AMR at 1 year was 12.3% (95% CI 11.1% to 13.7%) in 1994 and 8.3% (95% CI 7.5% to 9.1%) in 2013. Conversely, age standardised HF hospitalisation rates declined in men (11.4% (95% CI 10.1% to 12.9%) in 1994 and 9.1% (95% CI 8.2% to 10.1%) in 2013) but remained unchanged in women (9.7% (95% CI 8.3% to 11.3%) in 1994 and 9.8% (95% CI 8.6% to 11.0%) in 2013).

Conclusion

Among patients with HF over a 20-year period, there was a greater improvement in the prognosis of men compared with women. Further research should focus on the determinants of this disparity and ways to reduce this gap in outcomes.
Synthesis and polarity-sensitive fluorescent properties of a novel water-soluble polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)
Authors: Sweet Samantha D. , Coulson Drew R. , Giguère Jean-Benoît , Morin Jean-François , Wagner Brian D.
Published: November 2020

We report the successful synthesis and spectroscopic characterization of a novel, water soluble anthanthrene-based derivative, 6,12-bis(TEG)anthanthrene 3. The presence of the two long ethylene glycol side chains gives this large, six-membered polycyclic aromatic compound a high aqueous solubility. It exhibits UV–vis absorption properties similar to those of anthanthrene itself, indicating that the side chains do not have a significant effect on the electronic structure of the central chromophore. The compound exhibits strong, polarity-sensitive fluorescence in aqueous solution in the blue–green region of the spectrum, with a fluorescence quantum yield of 0.13 and a polarity sensitivity factor (PSF) of 2.0. The utility of this new fluorescent molecule as a probe of supramolecular complexation was demonstrated by its inclusion into the molecular host hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin in aqueous solution. Strictly 1:1 inclusion was observed, with a moderately strong binding constant K of 650 M−1. This new fluorescence probe has significant potential applications in fluorescence-based studies of aqueous biochemical and supramolecular systems.
Research on the Construction of the General Control Platform for Yunnan Rare and Precious Metal Materials Genetic Engineering
Authors: Wang Zhuo , Wei Jianglin , Feng Jing , Wang Yingwu , Lai Yumin , Hou Shuqian
Published: November 2020

In this paper, we initially construct a master control platform of Yunnan rare and precious metal materials (RAPMMs) genetic engineering framework based on the idea of material gene engineering, which includes a master material data management sub-platform, a high-throughput computing sub-platform and a high-throughput material preparation and characterization sub-platform, and connects the data information in the sub-platform. The database covers the standard performance data of RAPMMs from all over the world, and the initial amount of data is 2.2 million items, which provides data resources for deep learning of material big data in the future. In addition, we have researched the fusion and convergence technology of multi-source heterogeneous RAPMMs data, which support the management, processing and storage of all kinds of materials professional data. In order to reduce the researchers’ need for precise retrieval of large amounts of data, the deep search technology based on rare metal data is investigated to achieve precise search in a large data environment and provide professional visualization and statistical analysis techniques. Through the technical research on the interface of the open high-throughput computing platform, the online generation and submission of the operations of the first-principles computing software VASP are realized, and the automatic data identification and import of the calculation result files are achieved. Finally, it realizes the functions of controlling and controlling the high-throughput calculation platform, high-throughput preparation and characterization platform, and data platform, with the functions of resource coordination and scheduling, information sharing, public database management, and relevant information retrieval and query, etc., and establishes a common database structure for rare and precious metals, which lays a solid foundation for the future development of material genetic engineering.
Data Farming
Authors: Sanchez Susan M.
Published: November 2020

Data farming is a descriptive metaphor that captures the notion of generating data purposefully to maximize the information “yield” from simulation models. Large-scale designed experiments let us grow the simulation output efficiently and effectively. We can explore massive input spaces, uncover interesting features of complex simulation response surfaces, and explicitly identify cause-and-effect relationships. Data farming has been used in the defense community over the past two decades, and has resulted in quantum leaps in the breadth, depth, and timeliness of the insights yielded by simulation models. In this article, we provide an overview of current data farming capabilities and their relationship to emerging techniques in data science and analytics. We use graphics to motivate insight into some of the benefits of a data farming approach. Finally, we share some thoughts about opportunities and challenges for further improving the state of the art, and transforming the state of the practice, in the data farming domain.
Model-driven engineering and usability evaluation of self-adaptive user interfaces
Authors: Yigitbas Enes
Published: November 2020

Enes Yigitbas is a Senior Researcher at Paderborn University. In 2019, he got his doctoral degree in Computer Science under the advisory of Prof. Dr. Gregor Engels. During his doctorate, his research work was linked to various industrial projects in the Software Innovation Campus Paderborn (SICP). In this context, he was significantly involved in the implementation and management of various projects related to model-driven and human-centered software engineering, self-adaptive software systems, and human-computer interaction. His work on engineering adaptive user interfaces received a late-breaking results award at the ACM SIGCHI Symposium on Engineering Interactive Computing Systems. In addition to project and teaching activities, he is actively involved in various committee activities as well as serves as a reviewer for various international conferences and journals in the areas of Software Engineering and HCI.

In his thesis, supervised by Prof. Dr. Gregor Engels (Paderborn University), he focused on the engineering and usability evaluation of self-adaptive user interfaces. Self-adaptive user interfaces (SAUIs) have been promoted as a solution for context variability due to their ability to automatically detect context changes and adapt to the current context-of-use at runtime. In the course of his thesis work, he developed a model-driven engineering approach which supports modeling, transformation, and execution of self-adaptive user interfaces. Furthermore, a novel on-the-fly usability testing solution for SAUIs has been introduced which allows to evaluate the end-user satisfaction of SAUIs by combining context monitoring together with collection of instant user feedback.
Upcoming SIGWEB supported conferences
Authors: Roßner Daniel
Published: November 2020

The Special Interest Group on Hypertext and the Web, SIGWEB was created in 1989 to support the community participating in the annual ACM Hypertext Conference. Now in its third decade, SIGWEB has grown considerably and now sponsors seven annual conferences of different sizes and covering a wide range of topics. SIGWEB supports several specialized conferences, short courses, and workshops, as well as the Annual Hypertext Conference. SIGWEB sponsored conferences focus on timely topics in applied and computational hypertext and Web disciplines and provide a place for members and the entire applied Hypermedia and Web community to exchange ideas and to meet with and expand their network of colleagues. In this article, we provide a brief overview of SIGWEB sponsored conferences, in addition to events that are in cooperation with SIGWEB.

Due to the current Corona crisis, many event organizers opted for an online conference format or allow remote participation. These conferences are marked accordingly.
Optimal Multiserver Scheduling with Unknown Job Sizes in Heavy Traffic
Authors: Scully Ziv , Grosof Isaac , Harchol-Balter Mor
Published: November 2020

We consider scheduling to minimize mean response time of the M/G/k queue with unknown job sizes. In the singleserver k = 1 case, the optimal policy is the Gittins policy, but it is not known whether Gittins or any other policy is optimal in the multiserver case. Exactly analyzing the M/G/k under any scheduling policy is intractable, and Gittins is a particularly complicated policy that is hard to analyze even in the single-server case.

In this work we introduce monotonic Gittins (M-Gittins), a new variation of the Gittins policy, and show that it minimizes mean response time in the heavy-traffic M/G/k for a wide class of finite-variance job size distributions. We also show that the monotonic shortest expected remaining processing time (M-SERPT) policy, which is simpler than M-Gittins, is a 2-approximation for mean response time in the heavy traffic M/G/k under similar conditions. These results constitute the most general optimality results to date for the M/G/k with unknown job sizes. Our techniques build upon work by Grosof et al. [6], who study simple policies, such as SRPT, in the M/G/k; Bansal et al. [2], Kamphorst and Zwart [7], and Lin et al. [9], who analyze mean response time scaling of simple policies in the heavy-traffic M/G/1; and Aalto et al. [1] and Scully et al. [11, 13], who characterize and analyze the Gittins policy in the M/G/1.
High Erythropoiesis Resistance Index Is a Significant Predictor of Cardiovascular and All-Cause Mortality in Chinese Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Lu Xiangxue , Zhang Jialing , Wang Shixiang , Yu Qian , Li Han
Published: November 2020

Background. Renal anemia is a common complication of hemodialysis patients. Erythropoietin (EPO) hyporesponsiveness has been recognized as an important factor to poor efficacy of recombinant human erythropoietin in the treatment of renal anemia. More importantly, increased erythropoiesis resistance index (ERI) may be associated with inflammation and increased mortality. Objective. The objective of this research was to investigate correlated factors of EPO responsiveness and to clarify the relationships between EPO hyporesponsiveness and cardiovascular mortality and all-cause mortality among maintenance hemodialysis patients. Methods. This prospective cohort study enrolled 276 maintenance hemodialysis patients for a 55-month follow-up to investigate the factors related to ERI and its relationship to all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality. Results. ERI was positively correlated with predialysis serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (

r
=
0.234

,

p
<
0.001

), alkaline phosphatase (

r
=
0.134

,

p
=
0.028

), and ferritin (

r
=
0.155

,

p
=
0.010

) and negatively correlated with albumin (

r
=
−
0.206

,

p
<
0.001

) and creatinine (

r
=
−
0.232

,

p
<
0.001

). As multiple linear regression showed, predialysis serum albumin, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, ferritin, and creatinine were independent correlated factors of ERI (

p
<
0.05

). Kaplan–Meier curves showed that the cumulative incidences of both cardiovascular mortality and all-cause mortality were significantly higher in patients with

ERI
>
11.04
 
IU
/
kg
/
w
/
g
/
dL

(both

p
<
0.01

). The high ERI group was significantly associated with higher risk for all-cause mortality (OR 1.781, 95% CI 1.091 to 2.910,

p
=
0.021

) and cardiovascular mortality (OR 1.972, 95% CI 1.139 to 3.417,

p
=
0.015

) after adjusting for confounders. Conclusions. Predialysis serum albumin, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, ferritin, and creatinine were independent correlated factors of EPO responsiveness among maintenance hemodialysis patients. Patients with higher ERI values had a higher all-cause mortality rate and cardiovascular mortality rate.
An Individualized Intra‐Articular Stabilization Device Designed Based on 3D Printing Technology for Traumatic Instability of the Ulnohumeral Joint
Authors: She Rong-Feng , Zhang Yi , Zhang Bin , Wang Yuan-Zheng , Huang Qi-Xiang
Published: November 2020

We aimed to design an individualized intra‐articular stabilization device based on 3D printing technology and investigate the clinical effects of this device for treating traumatic instability of the ulnohumeral joint. This study enrolled nine patients with traumatic instability of the ulnohumeral joint (age: 47.2 ± 1.80 years) who received treatment between March 2018 and March 2019 in our hospital. All patients underwent a thin‐layer computed tomography (CT) scan of the elbow before surgery. The original injury and repair models of the elbow were printed using 3D printing technology based on CT data. An individualized intra‐articular stabilization device was designed with a 2.0 mm Kirschner wire based on the repair model. Nine patients agreed to receive surgical treatment for elbow disease and placement of the intra‐articular stabilization device. The nine patients underwent open reduction through a posterior median approach, and the intra‐articular stabilization device was placed in the elbow. Operation time, intraoperative blood loss, and postoperative complications were recorded and followed up. The device was removed at two postoperative months, and the Mayo score was used to evaluate elbow function. Four months after removing the intra‐articular stabilization device, elbow joint function was evaluated again using the Mayo score. The mean operation time was 100.1 ± 8.2 min, and the mean intraoperative blood loss was 35.5 ± 7.1 ml. No complications occurred after operation. Two months after surgery, eight patients received an excellent Mayo score, and one patient received a good Mayo score. Four months after removal of the intra‐articular stabilization device, eight patients received an excellent Mayo score, and one patient received a good Mayo score. The individualized intra‐articular stabilization device can increase ulnohumeral stability and achieve rapid functional recovery of the elbow.
Osteochondroma Involving the Ramus of the Mandible: An Unusual Location
Authors: Kumar Pakki Suresh , Rao Dola Srinivasa , Manepalli Swapna , Damera Ajit , Killada Jai Kiran
Published: November 2020

Osteochondroma (OC) is considered the most common tumor of the axial skeleton, although it is relatively uncommon in the craniofacial region. The present case describes an atypical case of OC in the posterior border of the ramus of the mandible. To the best of our knowledge, only one case has been reported till now in this region. A 35-year-old male patient reported with a complaint of swelling over the left middle one-third of the face and limited mouth opening for six years. Panoramic radiograph (PR) and paranasal sinus (PNS) view showed a well-defined radiopacity located in this region. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a characteristic mushroom-shaped outgrowth from the inner surface of the ramus of the mandible. The patient was treated with osteotomy, with the cut made at the angle of the mandible. Histopathological examination revealed features suggestive of OC. Subsequently, the patient was able to open his mouth, and there was no evidence of recurrence or postoperative complications in the one-year follow-up.
An Efficient and Effective Model to Handle Missing Data in Classification
Authors: Mehrabani-Zeinabad Kamran , Doostfatemeh Marziyeh , Ayatollahi Seyyed Mohammad Taghi
Published: November 2020

Missing data is one of the most important causes in reduction of classification accuracy. Many real datasets suffer from missing values, especially in medical sciences. Imputation is a common way to deal with incomplete datasets. There are various imputation methods that can be applied, and the choice of the best method depends on the dataset conditions such as sample size, missing percent, and missing mechanism. Therefore, the better solution is to classify incomplete datasets without imputation and without any loss of information. The structure of the “Bayesian additive regression trees” (BART) model is improved with the “Missingness Incorporated in Attributes” approach to solve its inefficiency in handling the missingness problem. Implementation of MIA‐within‐BART is named “BART.m”. As the abilities of BART.m are not investigated in classification of incomplete datasets, this simulation‐based study aimed to provide such resource. The results indicate that BART.m can be used even for datasets with 90 missing present and more importantly, it diagnoses the irrelevant variables and removes them by its own. BART.m outperforms common models for classification with incomplete data, according to accuracy and computational time. Based on the revealed properties, it can be said that BART.m is a high accuracy model in classification of incomplete datasets which avoids any assumptions and preprocess steps.
GPM6B Inhibit PCa Proliferation by Blocking Prostate Cancer Cell Serotonin Absorptive Capacity
Authors: He Siyuan , Huang Zhenlin , Li Xiang , Ding Yinghui , Sheng Haoyue , Liu Bowen , Jia Zhankui
Published: November 2020

Prostate cancer is currently one of the most common fatal tumor types in men. Although multiple treatments can alleviate some cases, advanced prostate cancer, especially CRPC, still has a very poor prognosis. Therefore, early detection and diagnosis of prostate cancer have a very important role in the prognosis of patients. Glycoprotein M6B (GPM6B) is a transmembrane protein that belongs to the proteolipid protein family. GPM6B has been proved and can be used as a biomarker for gynecological malignancies and breast carcinoma. However, there are no studies that explored the functions of GPM6B in PCa. We explored differentially expressed genes in prostate cancer by analyzing TCGA data and found GPM6B downregulated in PCa tissues compared to that in normal prostate tissues. The GPM6B expression in PCa patient’s tumor tissues was significantly related to clinical stage, T classification, lymph node metastasis, and distant metastasis, but not significantly related to age and Gleason score. Also, patients with highGPM6B expression had a better prognosis. The overexpression of GPM6B in prostate cancer cells could inhibit cell proliferation. Serotonin treatment could enhance the proliferation of PCa cell lines; moreover, fluoxetine could reverse this result. In conclusion, we identified GPM6B as a tumor suppressor in PCa. In mechanism, it can regulate the uptaking of serotonin and inhibit the growth of prostate cancer. These results suggested the potential function of GPM6B as a diagnostic marker of PCa and provided clues for the development of new treatment targets for PCa.
Sistema de selección de sistemas elastocompresivos en personas con cáncer de mama de un hospital con recursos limitados
Authors: Mella Abarca Williams , Barraza-Sánchez Valentina , Ramírez-Parada Karol
Published: November 2020

El cáncer de mama es un problema de salud pública en Chile. El linfedema es un trastorno linfovascular secundario a la extirpación de los ganglios linfáticos por cirugía en el cáncer de mama, que produce un aumento del volumen y la fibrosis en el miembro superior. Diferentes prendas de compresión son usadas para la prevención y el tratamiento del linfedema. Por eso, el programa de Garantías Explícitas en Salud garantiza la entrega de sistemas elastocompresivos a las personas con diagnóstico de cáncer de mama para prevenir y tratar el linfedema. Sin embargo, en hospitales públicos los sistemas elastocompresivos pueden ser recursos limitados, por eso, muchas veces se deben priorizar. Este artículo tiene por objetivo describir un sistema de selección de sistemas elastocompresivos en personas con diagnóstico de cáncer de mama en el modelo de atención kinesiológico temprano y prospectivo.
The Path Forward for Digital Measures: Suppressing the Desire to Compare Apples and Pineapples
Authors: Houts Carrie R. , Patrick-Lake Bray , Clay Ieuan , Wirth R.J.
Published: November 2020

Digital measures are becoming more prevalent in clinical development. Methods for robust evaluation are increasingly well defined, yet the primary barrier for digital measures to transition beyond exploratory usage often relies on a comparison to the existing standards. This article focuses on how researchers should approach the complex issue of comparing across assessment modalities. We discuss comparisons of subjective versus objective assessments, or performance-based versus behavioral measures, and we pay particular attention to the situation where the expected association may be poor or nonlinear. We propose that, rather than seeking to replace the standard, research should focus on a structured understanding of how the new measure augments established assessments, with the ultimate goal of developing a more complete understanding of what is meaningful to patients.
ТЕРМОДИНАМІЧНА ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА ОБЕРНЕНО-ФАЗОВОГО ХРОМАТОГРАФІЧНОГО УТРИМАННЯ МОРФОЛІНІЙ 2-((4-(2-МЕТОКСИФЕНІЛ)-5-(ПІРИДИНІЛ)-4H-1,2,4-ТРІАЗОЛ-3-ІЛ)ТІО) АЦЕТАТУ ТА ЙОГО ТЕХНОЛОГІЧНИХ ДОМІШОК
Authors: Varynskyi B. O.
Published: November 2020

Мета роботи. Зробити термодинамічний опис перенесення морфоліній 2-((4- (2-метоксифеніл)-5-(піридин-4-іл)-4H-1,2,4-тріазол-3-іл)тіо) ацетату, піридин-4-карбогідразиду, 2-ізонікотиноїл-N-(2-метоксифеніл) гідразин-1-карботіоаміду і 4-(2-метоксифеніл)-5-(піридин-4-іл)-2,4-дигідро-3Н-1,2,4-тріазол-3-тіону з рухомої фази в стаціонарну.

Матеріали і методи. Високоефективна рідинно-хроматографічна система Agilent 1260 Infinity (дегазатор, бінарний насос, автосамплер, термостат колонки, діодно-матричний детектор, програмне забезпечення OpenLAB CDS).

Результати й обговорення. Для визначення термодинамічних параметрів було визначено коефіцієнт ємності в залежності від зміни абсолютної температури. За допомогою методу найменших квадратів розраховано рівняння лінійної залежності. Розраховано значення стандартної молярної ентальпії перенесення аналітів із рухомої в стаціонарну фазу. Ентальпії перенесення для більшості речовин є негативними, тобто процес адсорбції на обернено-фазовому сорбенті відбувається з виділенням теплоти, тобто є екзотермічним.

Висновки. Визначено стандартні ентальпії перенесення аналітів із рухомої фази в стаціонарну фазу для морфоліній 2-((4-(2-метоксифеніл)-5-(піридиніл)-4H-1,2,4-тріазол-3-іл)тіо) ацетату, піридин-4-карбогідразиду, 2-ізонікотиноїл-N-(2-метоксифеніл) гидразин-1-карботіоамиду та 4-(2-метоксифеніл)-5-(піридиніл)-2,4-дигідро-3Н-1,2,4-тріазол-3-тіону. Усі сполуки, за винятком піридин-4-карбогідразиду, мають негативне значення ентальпії перенесення, що свідчить про переважний перехід цих аналітів із рухомої фази в стаціонарну.
РОЛЬ ПОЛІМОРФІЗМУ ОКРЕМИХ ГЕНІВ У ФОРМУВАННІ БРОНХІАЛЬНОЇ АСТМИ У ДІТЕЙ
Authors: Banadyha N. V.
Published: November 2020

Мета дослідження – встановити вплив поліморфізму G308A гена фактору некрозу пухлин-альфа (TNFα) на формування бронхіальної астми (БА) у дітей.

Матеріали і методи. 101 дитині з БА проведено дослідження поліморфізму G308A гена фактора некрозу пухлин-альфа (TNFα).

Результати дослідження та їх обговорення. Встановлено, що в більшості хворих БА мала ранній дебют (у 64,36 % випадків діагноз був верифікований у перші шість років життя). Вивчення поліморфізму G308A гена TNFα у пацієнтів встановило переважання G/G (n=69) генотипу. У разі обтяженого сімейного анамнезу щодо БА істотно переважав G/G генотип (по материнській лінії – у 74,36 % випадків та у 70,00 % осіб – по батьківській лінії), значно рідше G/A поліморфний варіант заміни G308A TNFα (відповідно: у 20,51 та 30,00 %). У більшості хворих діагностовано монозиготний варіант GG за мажорним алелем (70,42 %). Проаналізувавши особливості виникнення БА у дітей, встановили, що у хворих із реалізацією алергічного маршу переважав генотип G/G гена TNFα (34,78 %) та в кожної четвертої дитини – G/A генотип. Натомість, в дітей із БА як першою і єдиною формою алергічної патології, домінуючим був гомозиготний варіант G/G за основним алелем гена TNFα (76,92 %).

Висновки. 1. Домінуючий генотип G/G G308A TNFα у дітей із БА встановлено у разі раннього дебюту хвороби, обтяженого генетичного анамнезу та незалежно від тяжкості перебігу. 2. Проведення молекулярно-генетичного дослідження поліморфізму гена TNFα може бути застосовано для формування групи ризику та оцінки контролю за перебігом БА.
ДОСВІД ВИКОРИСТАННЯ РАЦІОНАЛЬНОЇ АНТИБАКТЕРІАЛЬНОЇ ТЕРАПІЇ В ЛІКУВАННІ НОВОНАРОДЖЕНИХ ДІТЕЙ У ВІДДІЛЕННІ ІНТЕНСИВНОЇ ТЕРАПІЇ
Authors: Chemerys Y. O. , Pertsov V. I. , Boitsova O. M. , Denisenko I. G.
Published: November 2020

Мета дослідження – встановити кількісний і якісний склад мікрофлори верхніх дихальних шляхів новонароджених пацієнтів та визначити чутливість її до антибактеріальних препаратів.

Матеріали та методи. Проведено мікробіологічне дослідження посівів із верхніх дихальних шляхів та визначення чутливості мікрофлори до антибактеріальних препаратів у 201 пацієнта, які були госпіталізовані та проліковані у відділенні анестезіології та інтенсивної терапії новонароджених дітей КНП «Міська дитяча лікарня № 5 Запорізької міської ради». Дослідження проводились при госпіталізації хворого до відділення, надалі посiви здійснювали кожні 7 днів.

Результати дослідження та їх обговорення. Достатню чутливість грампозитивних мікроорганізмів, які переважали в посівах на всіх етапах дослідження, виявили до ванкомiцину, деяких карбапенемів, лiнезолiду, кліндаміцину протягом всього дослідження. При дослiдженнi чутливості грамнегативної мікрофлори до антибіотиків виявилась висока чутливість до сучасних захищених пеніцилінів, карбапенемів, аміноглiкозидiв, фторхiнолонiв, а при вивченні чутливості у повторних посівах із верхніх дихальних шляхів пацієнтів виявлено, що досить висока чутливість зберігається до карбапенемів та аміноглікозідів.

Висновки. Грампозитивні мікроорганізми переважали в мікробіологічних дослідженнях як при госпіталізації, так і при вторинних дослідженнях. Застосування антибактеріальної терапії з урахуванням чутливості флори є запорукою швидшого покращення клініко-біологічних показників пацієнта і, як наслідок, скорочення терміну перебування у відділенні інтенсивної терапії.
РОЛЬ ІНФЕКЦІЙНИХ ЗБУДНИКІВ У ЖІНОК ДІТОРОДНОГО ВІКУ З ГІПЕРПЛАСТИЧНИМИ ПРОЦЕСАМИ ЕНДОМЕТРІЯ
Authors: Boychuk A. V. , Vereshchahina T. V. , Shadrina V. S. , Khlibovska O. I. , Koptiukh V. I.
Published: November 2020

Мета дослідження – проаналізувати роль інфекційного патогену в розвитку гіперпластичних процесів матки порівняно зі здоровими жінками для формування груп ризику щодо виникнення гіперпластичних змін слизової оболонки матки.

Матеріали та методи. Було обстежено 90 пацієнток гінекологічного відділення КНП «Тернопільська міська комунальна лікарня № 2» з доброякісною гіперплазією ендометрія у репродуктивному віці впродовж 2017–2019 рр., підтвердженою гістологічним висновком після оперативної гістероскопії. Контрольній групі пацієнток-добровольців (30 жінок) забір матеріалу здійснювали за допомогою «Пайпель» біопсії з дослідженням евакуйованого матеріалу з порожнини матки. Всім пацієнткам проводили дослідження на наявність таких збудників, як Micoplasma hominis, Ureaplasma urealiticum, Chlamydia trachomatis, Herpex simplex virus I, II методом імуноферментного аналізу (ІФА) (IgG, IgM); Gardnerella vaginalis, Trichomonas vaginalis в мазках із піхви та уретри за методикою полімеразної ланцюгової реакції, а також здійснювали виявлення папіломавірусу людини (ПВЛ) 16 і 18 типів за допомогою методу полімеразної ланцюгової реакції.

Результати дослідження та їх обговорення. Найбільшого розповсюдження серед інфекційних агентів набув вірус папіломи людини 16 і 18 типів, який у дослідних групах був виявлений у 40,0 – 41,67 % порівняно з контрольною групою – у 10,0 %. Отримані дані зумовлюють необхідність проведення якісного інфекційного скринінгу для формування груп ризику щодо виникнення гіперпластичних змін слизової оболонки матки.

Висновки. Інфекційні агенти відіграють важливу роль у розвитку гіперпластичних змін слизової оболонки матки. Отримані результати дозволяють розглядати інфекційні патогени як кофактори гіперпластичних процесів матки, що патогенетично пов’язані з представниками флори нижніх відділів генітального тракту і беруть участь у реалізації запального процесу.
СИНДРОМ МАРФАНА ТА ВАГІТНІСТЬ
Authors: Siromakha S. O. , Davydova Yu. V. , Volkova N. I. , Lazoryshynets V. V.
Published: November 2020

Мета дослідження – проведення аналізу сучасних рекомендацій та клінічних настанов, а також досвіду роботи національної мультидисциплінарної команди щодо медичного супроводу вагітних із синдромом Марфана (СМ) з метою зменшення материнських та перинатальних втрат. Матеріали та методи. З січня 2014 до червня 2020 року мультидисциплінарний колектив на базі клініки ДУ «Національний інститут серцево-судинної хірургії імені М. М. Амосова НАМН України» провів лікування 16 вагітних та породілей з аневризмою аорти. Спадкові захворювання грудної аорти з типовим фенотипом (синдром Марфана) спостерігалися у 3 вагітних. Серед них дві було з ГРАА у III триместрі та після пологів. Одна пацієнтка супроводжувалася мультидисциплінарною командою з 14 тижнів вагітності до пологів. У 19 тижнів пацієнтці було виконано кардіохірургічне втручання з fetus in utero. Результати дослідження та їх обговорення. У групі вагітних та породілей із патологією грудної аорти мала місце 1 материнська смерть (породілля із СМ та гострим розшаруванням аневризми аорти (ГРАА) на 40 тижні вагітності після екстреного кесаревого розтину та невідкладного втручання Бенталла-де-Боне на 7 добу після операції). Причиною смерті стала спонтанна гостра дисекція грудної аорти типу В із розривами низхідного відділу грудної аорти. Віддалені результати прослідковано в обох інших породілей – материнської смертності або «near-miss» не було. Перинатальних втрат не було. У статті обговорено патоморфологічні та патанатомічні фактори, що впливають на зростання ризику виникнення ГРАА у вагітних із СМ. Представлено сучасні погляди на медичну допомогу вагітним із СМ, принципи первинної та вторинної профілактики великих кардіальних подій, у тому числі й небезпечного для життя ускладнення – гострої дисекції аорти. Обговорено акушерську та кардіохірургічну тактику у вагітних пацієнток із СМ, у тому числі й при гострій дисекції аорти. Розглянуто рекомендації щодо ведення пологів у пацієнток із СМ, проведення превентивної хірургії аорти, наведено клінічний випадок профілактичної хірургії у вагітної із СМ з досвіду національної команди «акушерська кардіологія». Висновки. Наявність синдрому Марфана значно збільшує материнські та перинатальні ризики та потребує ретельного мультидисциплінарного спостереження за вагітною та породіллею. Розвиток ГРАА у пацієнток із СМ під час вагітності – небезпечне для життя ускладнення, профілактика якого потребує медикаментозного, а іноді й превентивного кардіохірургічного супроводу вагітної жінки.