bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ousted
Authors: Aran Yifat , Pollman Elizabeth
Published: July 2024

Founder-CEOs may hold power in a corporation in myriad ways: through managerial control, by designating seats on the board, or by holding significant voting power, which can be amplified by dual-class structures with superior voting rights. The debate on control mechanisms such as dual- and multi-class stock structures, as well as concomitant concerns about the cult of founder-CEOs and their grip on managerial power, have been a central theme of corporate law and governance in an era of “founder-friendly” startup governance and tech company dominance of markets. Amid the twists and turns of this debate, we observe that a small but important point is missing: a substantial number of founder-CEOs have been ousted—forced or pushed to step down from the CEO role despite maintaining important indicia of control that, according to prevailing theory, empowers them to withstand such pressures.

We argue that a variety of countervailing forces and factors can work to limit the durability of a founder-CEO’s power and may ultimately lead to their resignation under pressure even though they may hold significant or even controlling voting power. Among these forces are performance problems or poor financial position of the company or its stock value, legal concerns, employee and public pressure, as well as personal motivations and struggles. A founder-CEO who faces strong opposition and adverse effects on the company’s performance is often better off stepping down than attempting to maintain managerial control. Further, we explore the limits of these forces on powerful founder-CEOs—they can only do so much to serve as guardrails against voting control and they exist in a particular moment. Ousting can be temporary, and founder-CEOs can find their way back to the throne or see a rebirth in new ventures. Finally, we examine how an appreciation of these forces and their limits can shed new light on why public investors might be willing to accept multi-class structures in venture-backed startup IPOs.
GEOLOGIC AND GEOCHEMICAL FEATURES OF THE UPPER DEVONIAN COALS OF THE NORTH TIMAN (THE SULA RIVER COAL FIELD)
Authors: БУШНЕВ Д.А. , БУРДЕЛЬНАЯ Н.С. , СНИГИРЕВСКИЙ С.М. , БЕЗНОСОВ П.А. , КОТИК О.С. , ПРОНИНА Н.В. , ГРИНЬКО А.А.
Published: July 2024

Комплексно исследован состав древнейших углей Тимано-Североуральского региона, приводятся сведенья об их углеводородном и микрокомпонентном составе. Показана связь углей с определёнными растительными сообществами позднего девона Северного Тимана. В ряде образцов выявлено присутствие микро- и мегаспор и остатков растений, относящихся преимущественно к плауновидным рода Helenia; образование гагатов связывается с древесиной археоптерисовых, относимых к роду Callixylon. Значения отражательной способности витринита и показатели Tmax, а также данные о распределении полициклических биомаркеров и метилфенантренов указывают на невысокий катагенез органического вещества углей. Для битумоида исследованных углей характерно доминирование стеранов и диастер-13(17)-енов состава С28 и С29. Идентифицированы дитерпаны: биеран, 16α(H)-кауран и 16β(H)-кауран и 16α(H)-атисан при отсутствии филокладана.

The composition of the oldest coals of the Timan–northern Urals region has been studied comprehensively, and their hydrocarbon and microcomponent characteristics are given. The relationship between different types of coals and Late Devonian plant communities of the North Timan is revealed. It is also determined that some samples contain microspores, megaspores, and plant remains belonging mainly to the lycopod Helenia. The most probable source of jet coals is identified as the wood of the progymnosperm Callixylon. The values of vitrinite reflectance and Tmax and the data on the distribution of polycyclic biomarkers and methylphenanthrenes indicate the low maturation of the coal organic matter. The coal bitumen investigated here is characterized by the dominance of steranes and diaster-13(17)-enes of compositions С28 и С29. The following diterpanes are identified: beyerane, 16α(H)-kaurane, 16β(H)-kaurane, and 16α(H)-atisane. At the same time, phyllocladane is absent.
EXPLORATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF SHALE OIL IN CHINA: STATE, CHALLENGES, AND PROSPECTS
Authors: ЦЗИНЬ Ч. , ЛЯН С.
Published: July 2024

В статье представлена информация о современном состоянии разведки и разработки сланцевой нефти в озерных континентальных формациях в основных бассейнах на территории Китая, обобщены основные теоретические идеи и ключевые технологии их разведки и их разработки, рассмотрены перспективы разведки и разработки сланцевой нефти континентальных формаций на территории Китая. Считается, что разведка и разработка скоплений сланцевой нефти в обогащенных органическим веществом типов I и II средней и высокой зрелости сланцевых формациях является ключевым направлением для доведения ее добычи в Китае до уровня 10 млн т в год. Это сыграет важную роль в доведении в перспективе стабильной добычи нефти Китая до 200 млн т в год. Методика добычи нефти в обогащенных органическим веществом сланцевых формациях средней и низкой зрелости должна быть разработана, что приведет к серьезным изменениям в добыче нефти после того, как будут сделаны новые прорывы в теории и технологии освоения сланцевых месторождений.

This article presents the latest state of exploration and development of shale oil of continental lacustrine formations in the main basins of China, summarizes the main theoretical considerations and key technologies for exploration and development, and suggests prospects for exploration and development of shale oil in China. It is believed that the exploration and development of oil in shale formations rich in organic matter of types I and II of medium and high maturity are key to the breakthrough of production of 10 million tons in China. This will play an important role in China's stable oil production at the level of 200 million tons per year in the future. The efficient development of medium- and low- maturity shale oil resources can be significantly improved and lead to serious changes in oil production only after new breakthroughs in the theory and technology of shale deposits.
PETROLEUM POTENTIAL AND ORGANIC-MATTER–OIL CORRELATION IN THE ROCKS OF THE UPPER RIPHEAN IREMEKEN FORMATION IN THE KAMO ARCH OF THE BAIKIT ANTECLISE (SIBERIAN PLATFORM)
Authors: БОЛДУШЕВСКАЯ Л.Н. , ФАДЕЕВА С.В. , ГОНЧАРОВ И.В. , ТРУШКОВ П.В. , САМОЙЛЕНКО В.В. , ВЕКЛИЧ М.А. , КРАСИЛЬНИКОВА Н.Б. , САВЧИК Д.М. , РУДАЯ Г.Ю. , ТУРОВА А.Б. , НИКОЛАЕВА Ю.Л.
Published: July 2024

Для цели построения бассейновой модели выполнен и проанализирован комплекс лабораторных исследований рифейских пород и нефтей методами органической геохимии, в частности, удалось сравнить параметры органического вещества верхнерифейской ирэмэкэнской углеродистой пачки и нефтей по углеводородам-биомаркерам. Анализ полученных данных хроматомасс-спектрометрии показал неординарность ирэмэкэнской толщи и нефтей, полученных из нее, что проявляется в низком содержании хейлантанов и стеранов, групповом составе экстрактов. Обогащенные ОВ отложения ирэмэкэнской толщи верхнего рифея с превосходным нефтегазогенерационным потенциалом в пределах Камовского свода достигли пика нефтегенерации, вероятно, только в самой погруженной части Мадринского прогиба, что не позволило бы полностью заполнить ловушки. Распределение трициклических терпанов в битумоидах пород в изученных скважинах указывает на недостаточную зрелось ОВ ирэмэкэнской толщи, однако в самых погруженных зонах Камовского свода и прилегающих территорий, генерация несомненно происходила из ОВ ирэмэкэнской толщи и в нефтях из верхнеирэмэкэнской подтолщи мы это отмечаем на Куюмбинском и Терско-Камовском месторождениях.

A complex of laboratory studies of Riphean rocks and oils was carried out by the organic-geochemistry methods to construct a basin model for the Kamo arch of the Baikit anteclise of the Siberian craton. We compared the parameters of the organic matter (OM) and oils of the Upper Riphean Iremeken carbonaceous member by biomarker hydrocarbons. Analysis of the obtained chromatography–mass spectrometry data showed an unordinary group hydrocarbon composition of extracts from the OM and oils and low contents of cheilanthanes and steranes in them. Within the Kamo arch, the Upper Riphean Iremeken OM-enriched deposits with a high petroleum potential might have reached the peak of petroleum generation only in the deepest part of the Madra trough; thus, the traps could not be completely filled with oil. The distribution of tricyclic terpanes in the rock bitumens from the studied wells testifies to immature OM in the Iremeken Formation. However, in the most submerged zones of the Kamo arch and in the adjacent areas, oil was generated from the OM of the Iremeken Formation. This is evidenced by the oils of the Upper Iremeken Subformation in the Kuyumbinskoe field and the Ter'-Kamo license area.
New posterior distal femoral hemiepiphysiodesis for treatment of recurvatum knee in a patient with cerebral palsy: a case report
Authors: Montenegro Nei Botter , Grangeiro Patricia Moreno , Junior Amancio Ramalho
Published: July 2024

Hyperextension of the knee (Genu recurvatum) is a rare deformity in the sagittal plane which can impact on walking by pelvis’, ankle’s and foot’s biomechanics changes. It can be caused by cerebral palsy, arthrogryposis poliomyelitis, traumatic tibial tuberosity arrest and generalized ligamentous hyperlaxity. Specially in cerebral palsy, factories like hamstrings lengthening and equinus deformity of the foot can produce this knee condition. The treatment methods to correct this deformity are more aggressive to date, such as quadricepsplasty, hamstring tenomyoplasty and femur or tibia osteotomies. We describe here the treatment of a patient with mild hemiparetic hypertonic cerebral palsy GMSCF I, with unilateral genu recurvatum, using a safe and minimally invasive technique with posterior hemiepiphysiodesis of the distal femur, performed with two transphyseal cannulated screws for correction. This technique has great potential for correcting the recurvatum knee in the immature skeleton during growth and can be a good alternative to the more aggressive methods currently used for the treatment of this deformity.
A study on unification of generalized hypergeometric function and Mittag-Leffler function with certain integral transforms of generalized basic hypergeometric function
Authors: Chaudhary K.K. , Rao S.B.
Published: July 2024

This research article explores some new properties of generalized hypergeometric function and its q-analogue. The connections between ${}_{2}{{R}_{1}}^{\upsilon }(\mathfrak{z})$, the Wright function, and generalized Mittag-Leffler functions are explored. The authors introduce the q-analogue of generalized hypergeometric function denoted by ${}_{2}{{R}_{1}}^{\upsilon ,q}(\mathfrak{z})$ and discuss its properties and connections with q-Wright function and q-versions of generalized Mittag-Leffler functions. We get the q-integral transforms such as q-Mellin, q-Euler (beta), q-Laplace, q-sumudu, and q-natural transforms of Wright-type generalized q-hypergeometric function. This article contributes to the understanding of hypergeometric functions in q-calculus.
Projective tensor products of approximation spaces associated with positive operators
Authors: Dmytryshyn M.I. , Dmytryshyn L.I.
Published: July 2024

In this paper the projective tensor products of approximation spaces associated with positive operators in Banach spaces are characterized. We show that the tensor products of approximation spaces can be considered as the interpolation spaces generated by $K$-method of real interpolation. The inequalities that provide a sharp estimates of best approximations by analytic vectors of positive operators on projective tensor products are established. Application to spectral approximations of the regular elliptic operators on projective tensor products of Lebesgue spaces is shown.
A Note on the Zeros of the Dedekind Zeta Functions
Authors: Pintz János
Published: July 2024

We prove zero density theorems for Dedekind zeta functions in the vicinity of the line Re s = 1, improving an earlier result of W. Staś.
Cuba Hunger Force
Authors: Tomé Patricia
Published: July 2024

The article examines the role of food fantasy -- induced by scarcity and hunger -- in the 1998 novel by Daína Chaviano -- part of a series entitled The Hidden Havana--El hombre, la hembra y el hambre (The Man, the Female, and the Hunger) which won the prestigious Azorín prize that same year partly due to its personal recounting of a heroic young Cuban woman who – unlike the author herself who fled Cuba in – must live on the island at the cusp of the most pervasive national scarcity since the triumph of the socialist Revolution: the nineties. With a plot meant to awaken the sexual and culinary appetite of any reader, the erotic imagery begins to dissipate as the novel enters the realm of a socio-economic, political, and cultural snare. Amid a visually scrawny and disintegrating society, gastronomical images are peculiarly abundant in literary, cinema topographic, and musical productions written in and about the Cuba of the 1990's. Food – obtaining it, cooking it, consuming it, and digesting it – becomes the sort of incentive a prototypical superhero (or heroine, as in our case) aims to obtain in order to heighten his or her powers – supernatural powers that will allow subsistence in a reality where ‘meat is gold for the poor.’
George Orwell and the Defence of English Food
Authors: Perkins Blake
Published: July 2024

The article explores George Orwell's an abiding if eccentric interest in food. He even thought ‘it could be plausibly argued that changes in diet are more important than changes of dynasty or even of religion.’ To illustrate the point he added somewhat implausibly that the ‘Great War, for instance, could never have happened if tinned food had not been invented.’
Eastern Dishes in Late Seventeenth-Century Britain
Authors: Sayers William
Published: July 2024

The article looks at four examples of names for dishes found in the OED originating in the Far and Middle East that found a welcome home in Britain  and the roles of various intermediaries in this transmission and in the written record, seen at its broadest, are considered.
A Nineteenth Century Ottoman Gentleman's Cookbook
Authors: Işın Priscilla Mary
Published: July 2024

The author, who lives in Istanbul and spends most of her spare time in the libraries there, recently edited in a handsome paperback edition the Turkish book which is the subject of this essay. The book (ISBN 975-363-825-6) is entitled A?ç?ba??, by Mahmud Nedimbin Tosun, and is published by YKY. Their address is given in a note at the very end of the essay, together with information about price and ordering. 
The book, published in 1900, was written by a Turkish officer, Mahmud Nedim bin Tosun who wrote his book with attention to detail and to appeal to the inexperienced cook.
Antioxidant and cytoprotective activities of marine fungi isolated from brown seaweeds in Nha Trang Bay, Khanh Hoa Province, Central Vietnam
Authors: Ngo Thi Duy Ngoc , Phan Thi Hoai Trinh , Yurchenko Ekaterina A. , Yurchenko Anton N. , Cao Thi Thuy Hang , Vo Thi Dieu Trang , Tran Thi Thanh Van , Pham Duc Thinh , Huynh Hoang Nhu Khanh , Bui Thi Nam Phuong
Published: July 2024

This study aims to evaluate the antioxidant and cytoprotective activities of 32 fungal strains isolated from brown seaweeds collected from Nha Trang Bay, Khanh Hoa Province, Central Vietnam. These fungal extracts were screened for antioxidant activity by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2’-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) free radical scavenging assay. In contrast, cytoprotective activity on rat cardiomyocytes H9c2 cell line was evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5 diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The results indicated the capacity for free DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging of fungal crude extracts with 31.25% (n = 10) and 81.25% (n = 26), respectively. Among the fungal strains with high antioxidant activity, the three fungal extracts 2104NT-1.3, 2104NT-3.3, and 2104NT-7.7 increased the viability of rotenone-exposed cardiomyocyte cells by 9.9%, 15.2%, and 13.6%, respectively. Three fungal strains with significant antioxidant and cytoprotective activities were identified as Penicillium chermesinum 2104NT-1.3, Aspergillus sp. 2104NT-3.3, and Penicillium sp. 2104NT-7.7 based on sequence analysis of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region. This study provided the potential fungal strains isolated from Nha Trang Bay for further investigation of antioxidant and cytoprotective compounds.
Study of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient dynamics in concentrated marine fish farming water environment in Long Son - Vung Tau
Authors: Tran Quang Thu , Nguyen Duc Cu
Published: July 2024

The nutritional content of N and P in concentrated marine fish farming water in the Cha Va - Long Son - Vung Tau estuary area increased sharply during 2013–2016; notably, the N-NH4+ content increased in 2017–2019. The N-NO2- and N-NO3- content in the dry season (0.051 mg/L and 0.190 mg/L) was higher than in the rainy season (0.044 mg/L and 0.133 mg/L). In contrast, the N-NH4+ and P-PO43- contents in the rainy season (0.321 mg/L and 0.1 mg/L) are higher than in the dry season (0.154 mg/L and 0.093 mg/L). The N and P nutrient dynamics in water fluctuate according to the semi-diurnal tide regime; the nutrient content decreases during high water - daytime, increases during low water in the evening, and is high during high water at night and in the morning, early the next day. In dry and rainy seasons, the N-NH4+ content is always the highest (0.024–0.761 mg/L) among the nitrogen-based nutritional parameters. N and P nutrients in water are correlated: N-NH4+ parameter pairs with Total P, N-NO2- with Total P, Total N with Total P, N-NO2- and N-NO3-, P-PO43- with Total P, and the parameter pair N-NO2- with P-PO43- have low positive correlation coefficients (r), from 0.1–0.21. Conversely, the parameter pairs N-NO3- and Total N, N-NO3- and N-NH4+, and N-NO2- and N-NH4+ have low negative correlation coefficients (r), from -0.12 to -0.26. From 2010–2021, the number of cages increased beyond planning, causing environmental pollution in the water in the farming area. The nutritional RQ value of the water is high at level 4 every year (very high risk of environmental pollution).
STRESS-DEFORMED STATE OF THE ACROMIOCLAVICULAR JOINT IN CASE OF DAMAGE TO THE UPPER ACROMIOCLAVICULAR LIGAMENT SUPERIOR AND VARIOUS METHODS OF FIXATION
Authors: Buryanov Olexander , Kvasha Volodymyr , Chekushyn Dmytro , Zadnychenko Mykhailo , Karpinsky Mykhailo , Yaresko Olexander
Published: July 2024

During the operative stabilization of the acromial end of the clavicle (AEC) for its dislocation, there are two ways: clavicle – beaklike process, clavicle – acromial process. Fixation of the AEC to the acromial process of the scapula is a priority. Competing metal structures are the hook plate and the Weber method. The significant disadvantages of using the Weber method of fixation are the migration of the tips and the violation of their integrity andthe wire. Objective. To conduct a comparative analysis of the fixation of the acromial end of the clavicle according to Weber, hook plate and the proposed construction, by studying the stressed-deformed state of the clavicular-acromial joint in case of damage to the lig. acromioclavicular superior and various methods of fixation. Methods. A finite-element model of the clavicular-acromial joint was constructed. Damage to the ligaments was modeled. claviculo-acoacromiale superior, as well as fixation of AEC in three ways: according to Weber, hook plate and the proposed construction. Results. The best results, from the point of view of reducing the level of stresses in intact ligaments, are provided by fixation of the AEC according to Weber, but its use leadsto an increase in the level of stresses on the AEC and the acromial process of the scapula, which can cause destruction of the latter. The hinge-type fixator provides the best stress distribution, both in the bony elements of the model and in intact ligaments. The hook plate holder occupies an average position,both in terms of the level of stress and the magnitude of the relative deformations in the ligaments. Conclusions. Weber fixation provides the best results for reducing the level of stresses and relative strains in the intact ligaments, but leads to a several-fold increase in the level of stresses on the AEC and acromial process of the scapula. The hook plate holder occupies an average position, both in terms of the stress level and the magnitude of the relativedeformations in the ligaments. The proposed design provides the best stress distribution, both in the bony elements of the model and in the intact ligaments.
SYME’S OPERATION IN THE TREATMENT OF GUNSHOT INJURIES OF THE FOOT
Authors: Liabakh Andrii , Turchin Olena , Yevlantieva Tetiana , Kharchyk Vasyl
Published: July 2024

Symeʼs operation for gunshot injuries of the foot may be a viable alternative to transtibial amputation. Objective. To analyze the results of the use of Symeʼs operation in patients with gunshot injuries of the foot, to highlight the important points of surgical technique, rehabilitation and prosthetics. Methods.The results of treatment of 12 men with gunshot wounds to the foot aged 23–54 years (mean age (36.1 ± 2.7) years) who underwent Syme surgery were analyzed. All patients were military personnel at the time of injury. Clinical, instrumental and microbiological examinations were used. The severity of the injury and the prospects of reconstructive treatment were assessed by the Hannover Fracture Score (HFS-97), the anatomic defect present and the severity of static-dynamic disorders. The results were evaluated according to VAS (pain) and ALAC (prosthesis using). Results. Healing of postoperative wounds in all cases occurred without complications. The observation period was from 8 months. up to 7 years (3.5 years on average). All 10 prosthetic patients use a prosthesis: 1 — walking on a prosthesis outside the home (ALAC IV), 5 — independent mobility (ALAC V), 4 — mobility does not differ from the norm (ALAC VI). In two cases (15,4 %) due to pain syndrome (7,3 and 6,8 according to VAS) prosthetics was impossible — reamputation at the level of the leg. Conclusions. Syme’s operation provides a good functional result of prosthetics in case of gunshot injuries of the foot, is a real alternative to transtibial amputation in cases with preserved hindfoot.
SEPTIC COMPLICATIONS AFTER THE USE OF GLUCOCORTICOIDS (RESULTS OF CLINICAL LABORATORY AND PATHOMORPHOLOGICAL STUDIES)
Authors: Hrytsai Mykola , Hryhorovskyi Valerii , Tsokalo Vasyl , Sabadosh Vasyl , Kuzub Taisiia
Published: July 2024

In numerous articles, monographs, and textbooks, the aspects of local application of glucocorticoid injections at the current stage of development of rheumatology are considered from the point of view of expediency, effectiveness, and safety. Factors affecting the effectiveness of this method are analyzed. Periarticular and/or intra-articular injections of corticosteroids are included in various recommendations and protocols for the treatment of arthrosis and rheumatic joint lesions available today. Objective. Determination of pathomorphological, clinical and laboratory manifestations of the infectious process after local administration of glucocorticoid drugs. Methods. Clinical, anamnestic, laboratory, bacteriological and pathomorphologicaldata of 34 patients with infectious complications were analyzed. Results. The administration of long-acting drugs was most often used: DIPROSPAN — 13 (38.2 %) cases; KENALOG — 5 (14.7 %); DEPOS — 3 (8.8 %); FLOSTERON — 2 (5.9 %); a short-acting drug (methylprednisolone acetate (METYPRED), hydrocortisone acetate) was used in 11 (32.4 %) cases. At the time of hospitalization in the clinic, the infectious process was in 8 (23.5 %) patients in the acute stage, 10 (29.4 %) in the subacute stage, and in another 16 (47.1 %) in the chronic stage, 13 (38.2 %) of which are in the active fistula phase. Conclusions. Pathomorphological manifestations and signs of a purulent-necrotic and purulent-inflammatory infectious process (infectious complications) after local administration of glucocorticoid drugs accompany and are closely statistically significantly interrelated with typical clinical and laboratory manifestations (leukocytosis with a «shift of the leukocyte formula to the left», an increase in ESR and level CRP) and etiology («bacteriology») of the infectious process.
BIOMECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ENDO-EXO-PROSTHETICS OF THE LOWER LIMBS
Authors: Sitenko Oleksandr , Sitenko Taras
Published: July 2024

The prospects of creating new opportunities in the rehabilitation of patients with limb amputations are generally associated with the method of osseointegration and endo-exo-prosthetics (EEP). The results of the practical application of the method indicate attention to the analytical consideration of all its components, all stages. Objective. To substantiate the expediency and directions of research and development of the theoretical and practical principles of EEP from the standpoint of the full cycle, including both the problems of osseointegration and functional qualities, constructive and technological principles regarding the prostheses themselves, the methodology of the process of mastering and using them. Results. Considered biomechanical and other arguments, which substantiate the objects of research and development of medicaltechnical and medical-technological means, including the constructions of endo-exo-prostheses, methods of learning to use them, evaluation of the quality of locomotion, increasing the reliability of the «implant-bone» c ontact. The d esign principle of a hip prosthesis with a removable unloading module is proposed, which is installed at the stage of mastering the prosthesis, and in necessary cases, during constant use. The possibilities of the method of recognizing biomechanical patterns of movements for teaching patients to walk on prostheses, for adjusting functional nodes and assessing the quality of prosthetics are shown. Conclusions. The problemof endo-exo-prosthetics is considered for the first time  from the standpoint of the requirements for the functions and qualities of the prostheses themselves. Reasoned directions of application and significance of clinical, experimental and mathematical biomechanics methods for analysis and development of the functional structure of endo-exo prostheses, to reduce risks when using them.
E-Government Solutions in Poland: The State of E-Services Provided by a Selected Local Government Unit
Authors: Kołodziej Dominika
Published: July 2024

Objective: The subject of the article is an attempt to determine the state of e-government development in local government units in Poland based on the example of the selected Piekary Śląskie City Hall, operating in the Śląskie voivodeship. The aim of the paper is to explain the state of e-government, then to present the applied IT tools and solutions in local government units in Poland, and make an attempt to assess the state of application of e-government solutions at the local level in a selected local government unit through the perspective of e-service provision according to the maturity model.
Research Design & Methods: In this study, the method of deduction was used as well as auxiliary methods and techniques such as logical analysis, analysis and study of literature, and classification and scientific description. In order to perform the research task, the applied empirical procedure was supported by a critical review of the literature on the subject in Polish and English, and practical cooperation with a selected local government unit. The research part of the study used non-participant observation, a case study and a face-to-face interview. In order to obtain information, the Polish electronic platform for public administration services (ePUAP) of the Piekary Śląskie City Hall was analysed and an interview with an employee of this unit was conducted in July 2023.
Findings: The results of the conducted scientific analysis show that IT and technological solutions and tools have a significant impact on the effective e-government functioning. In addition, these factors reflect access to e-services provided by public administration, as well as employee and customer competence with regard to e-government.
Implications/Recommendations: The results of the scientific analysis and its findings contribute to existing research by providing knowledge on the state, progress, and development of e-government through the provision of e-services provided by public administration in a selected local government unit in the Śląskie voivodeship.
Contribution/Value Added: The research shows that the interest in the development of e-government among researchers is great, because the topic is still up-to-date and has utilitarian values. The assessment of public e-services in a selected local government unit (i.e. the Piekary Śląskie City Hall) makes it possible to determine the level of the maturity at which the examined unit is located. The study may also serve as a introduction to and a basis for a comprehensive diagnosis of the state of application of IT and technological tools and e-government development in all local government units in Poland.
Transformation of Anthropological Legal Values of Human Existence under Conditions of War
Authors: Blikhar V. S. , Gryniuk R. F.
Published: July 2024

Purpose. The main purpose of the article is to study the anthropological and socio-philosophical dimensions of human existence in the context of hostilities by highlighting the aspects of transformation of anthropological legal values of human existence during the war. Theoretical basis. The methodological tools are presented in the interaction of axiological, synergetic, socio-legal and comparative methods. The survey method is used to obtain quantitative data on the self-assessment of Ukrainian citizens in relation to the war, changes in their internal intentions as a result of the crisis of social reality. Originality. Military actions can act both as a catalyst for the formation of new anthropological legal values, in accordance with the specifics of martial law and the need to adapt legal systems to the challenges arising in wartime, and as a destructor of certain value attributes of society. Conclusions. The nature of paradigmatic changes in wartime is represented by the metamorphosis of anthropological legal values, which manifests itself in profound changes in the philosophical understanding of man, the transformation of legal principles and the revision of moral norms in society. Reflections on the legal paradox appear in attempts to balance the need to keep within the law with the requirement to ensure security and defence in the first place. The article highlights the following aspects of changes: revision of the concept of individual rights and freedoms by recognising that individual rights may be subject to restrictions for the sake of the common good or national security; new legal values arise which are related to the protection of human rights in war conditions.
Man in the Space of Freedom and Resentment: Symbolic Correlation of Existentials
Authors: Kretov P. V. , Kretova O. I.
Published: July 2024

Purpose. The article aims to problematize the forms of correlation between the fundamental category of freedom and the phenomenon of resentment in the context of the formation of ethical discourse, as well as to consider the symbolic mechanisms of the collective imagination in the formation of a picture of the human world. Theoretical basis. The study uses the method of historical and philosophical analysis and methods of the humanities – hermeneutics and phenomenology. Originality. An attempt is made to comprehend the correlation between freedom as a category of philosophical anthropology and practical philosophy and the phenomenon of resentment. Conclusions. The ethical category of freedom, explicitly or implicitly, significantly shapes the content of the process of choice and social action by a person, which can be manifested in discursive practices and narratives of ideologies, public opinion and collective imagination. Symbolic mechanisms of human consciousness record the paradoxical correlation and at the same time the antithesis of reality reception and meaning generation between rational awareness and existential experience, humanization and appropriation of freedom and emotional-affective, reactive attitude of a person to narratives, motives, symbols and images of resentment. At the same time, freedom can presuppose the conscious content of resentment, while resentment deforms the concept of freedom into arbitrariness or violence, appealing not only to the archaic values of tribalism, but also to the rational basis of individual freedom of the individual, on which the philosophical tradition of the West is based. The resentful forms of thinking and emotional reception of reality function as symbolic constructions, that is, they can have a wide and internally contradictory field of interpretations. Western philosophical thought has a significant potential to reinterpret the challenges of the phenomenon of resentment based on the tradition of ontotheology and ethics of discourse due to the specific rationalism of the vision of the philosophy of freedom.
Generation in the Dimension of Growing Responsibility
Authors: Shcherbenko E. V.
Published: July 2024

Purpose. The article is devoted to the study of the phenomenon of generation, which is a necessary condition for the birth of the modern open society, taking into account the risks that accompany this process. Theoretical basis. The research covers a wide range of concepts (K. Mannheim, J. Ortega y Gasset, M. McLuhan, B. Anderson, P. Connerton, etc.), which reveal the temporal aspect of the analysed phenomenon, in particular, the insecurity of its constitution (the risk of a "lost generation") in the horizon of modernity as an unfinished project (J. Habermas), and the growing degree of responsibility associated with the formation of the creative social class. Originality. For the first time in the research literature, the author analyses the connection between the study of the phenomenon of generation and the establishment of a consensus in the modern world on the observance of the rules of win-win games as the value foundation of Western civilization. One of the key points of this process is the processing of the traumas of modernization. The omission of this task in the agenda of the transition society, despite the warnings evident in retrospect, releases the element of resentment, with consequences that can be qualified as an anthropological catastrophe. Conclusions. Ukrainian society, opening up to the world and working through the traumas of modernisation (Chornobyl, the Holodomor, the Fall of Lenin), which has become a kind of hermeneutical cycle of healing the "humanitarian aura of the nation" (L. Kostenko), in the process of which new layers such as the creative class appeared on the public scene, has demonstrated the European identity of the Ukrainian community. In the new horizon after 02/24, when, according to A. Yermolenko, it is no longer possible to talk about the postmodern situation, the Ukrainian agenda irreversibly acquires globality and should be rethought in the dimension of the "big time" and its global responsibility. This affects, in particular, the entire legacy of Russian-Soviet modernisation, to the extent that it has become an integral part of modern Ukrainian identity, including such controversial pages as the "Afghan" trauma.
The civilizational return of Eastern “Rites and Music” and Western “Ethics” in modern music education
Authors: Li Li
Published: July 2024

Abstract: Civilization is a symbol of culture, and only music education with the spirit of civilization has the core of culture. To meet the needs of the times and promote the reform of the educational system, this study analyzes the Eastern rites and music civilization, and Western ethical civilization. The similarities and differences between them were compared. It was found that both affirm the moral-emotional-aesthetic value of music, but they consider the internal and external nature of its role different. The philosophical foundations of the music education system in modern society are analyzed, and the current state of music education is reflected. Aiming at the problems of lack of subjectivity, lack of understanding and lack of musical identity in music education, the study proposes an innovative path for modern music education in the way of the return of the civilizations of oriental “rites and music” and western “ethics,” i.e., resetting the norms of the musical grammatical behavior, penetrating the humanistic connotations and defining the position of subjectivity.
Arbeitsmedizinische Betreuung: Patient, Klient, Proband oder Beschäftigter – Wovon sprechen wir?
Authors: Letzel Stephan ,   Universitätsmedizin Mainz, Institut für Lehrergesundheit
Published: July 2024

Seit Jahren ist in der Arbeitsmedizin zu beobachten, dass die korrekte Bezeichnung der Personen, die arbeitsmedizinisch betreut werden, ausgesprochen schwerfällt. Gerne wird hierfür die Bezeichnung „Klientin/Klient“, „Probandin/Proband“ oder „Beschäftigte/Beschäftigter“ benutzt oder handelt es sich vielleicht um Kundinnen und Kunden oder Konsumentinnen und Konsumenten unserer Dienstleistung?
Klimawandel und Gesundheit (Folge 7): Adaptation und Mitigation in Zeiten des Klimawandels
Authors: Hübner Anne ,   KLUG – Deutsche Allianz Klimawandel und Gesundheit e.V., Berlin, Memmer Julia ,   Fachbereich Wirtschaftswissenschaften an der Hochschule für Wirtschaft und Recht Berlin
Published: July 2024

Der Begriff Klimaresilienz erweitert den Begriff Klimaneutralität um die Anpassung an klimawandelbedingte Veränderungen. Die Kombination aus Hitzewellen und Luftverschmutzung stellt das Gesundheitswesen vor eine doppelte Herausforderung: Zum einen steigt die Morbidität, was zu einem erhöhten Patientenaufkommen führt. Gleichzeitig verschärft der Fachkräftemangel in Deutschland die Situation, da die Versorgung der Patienten mit dem vorhandenen Personal schwieriger wird. Aus arbeitsmedizinischer Perspektive ist es erforderlich, die Beschäftigten in Krankenhäusern vor physischen und psychischen Schäden zu bewahren. Dies kann durch die Anpassung von Arbeitsbedingungen, Zeit- und Raumkonzepten erreicht werden, muss jedoch in erster Linie durch eine nachhaltigere Betriebsführung im Gesundheitswesen realisiert werden.
Feststellungslast bei Krebserkrankungen ohne Einwirkungsdosis
Authors: Holtstraeter Reinhard
Published: July 2024

Am Beispiel der Berufskrankheit Nr. 1301 bestätigt das Bundessozialgericht (BSG) wichtige Regeln der Feststellunglast bei offenen BK-Tatbeständen ohne wissenschaftlich gesicherte Mindestdosis. Es klärt die Rahmenbedingungen, unter denen bei fehlenden Alternativursachen ein Rückschluss auf das Bestehen der arbeitstechnischen Voraussetzungen zulässig ist und stellt klar, dass die Möglichkeit anlagebedingter (Mit)Verursachung nicht ausreicht, um die arbeitsmedizinischen Bedingungen einer Anerkennung zu verneinen.
Sorption of methylene orange on biocarbon sorbent, obtained by pyroly-sis of wastewater sludge
Authors: Tomina Elena V. , Cherednichenko Irina S. , Zhuzhukin Konstantin V. , Samsonov Alexey A. , Tien Nguyen Anh , Mai Vo Quang , Tretyakov Alexander I.
Published: July 2024

Water pollution and deterioration of air and water quality is a rapidly growing problem directly related to the generation of waste water and the accumulation of significant amounts of wastewater sludge (WWS). One of the methods for recycling WWS is their pyrolytic processing into biochar adsorbents for purification from various pollutants. The type of adsorbent and its properties play a key role in the efficiency of the purification process, which explains the relevance of the search for alternative materials for water treatment processes.
The purpose of the study was to create a biocarbon sorbent during the pyrolysis of wastewater sludge and determine its sorption capacity for the methylene orange dye. To obtain samples of biocarbon sorbent, dried and crushed samples of wastewater sludge were exposed to a temperature of 500 °C for 1.5 hours in a vacuum chamber with a heating rate to a given temperature of 5°C/min. Elemental analysis of the resulting sorbent allowed to establish a decrease in the content of carbon, oxygen, and sulphur: for C by 2.50 at.%, for O by 9.91 at.%, for S by 0.4 at.%, relative to WWS.
Scanning electron microscopy confirmed a significant reduction in the particle size of biochar compared to the original WWS sample. In the initial WWS sample, after the sample preparation stage, the dispersion of particle sizes was 10-70 µm, and after pyrolysis of the sediment, the dispersion decreased to the range of 10-45 µm. The percentage of biochar yield was calculated, constituting 42% of the weight of the initial WWS and studies on the sorption of methylene orange were carried out.
The sorption capacity of biochar for the anionic dye methylene orange after 120 min of sorption was 4.9 mg/g, the degree of solution purification reached 82%. The kinetics of dye sorption was correctly described by a pseudo-second-order equation and indicated the polymolecular nature of sorption.
Purification of aqueous solutions from As (III) and As (V) with the use of modified montmorillonite
Authors: Belozerova Anastasia A. , Pechishcheva Nadezhda V. , Ordinartsev Denis P. , Kholmanskikh Irina A. , Shunyaev Konstantin Yu.
Published: July 2024

Arsenic is a toxic and carcinogenic element; pollution of natural waters with arsenic is a global problem. Inorganic As (III) compounds are known to be more toxic than inorganic As (V) compounds. Purification of water from As (III) and As (V) using adsorption materials based on clay minerals is of increasing interest today. In this study, we investigated the possibility of purifying aqueous solutions from As (III) and As (V) using composite sorbents created by modifying montmorillonite. Montmorillonite modified with Fe3O4 nanoparticles and a cationic surfactant, showed a better degree of extraction of As (III) and As (V) from aqueous solutions compared to other modifications. The extraction rate of As(III) and As(V) by montmorillonite modified with Fe3O4 nanoparticles and a cationic surfactant did not depend on the pH of the solution and was higher than 95%. Optimal conditions for the extraction of As (III) and As (V) from aqueous solutions have been established using montmorillonite modified with Fe3O4 nanoparticles and a cationic surfactant. It has been shown that in the presence of Fe(III) ions, the degree of extraction of As(III) and As(V) by montmorillonite modified Fe3O4 nanoparticles and a cationic surfactant, decreased to 69%. Cr(III) possess the highest influence on the degree of extraction of As (III) and As (V): the degree of recovery of As (III) and As (V) using montmorillonite modified with Fe3O4 nanoparticles and a cationic surfactant, in its presence decreases and amounts to 40 and 25%, respectively. Together with As (III) and As (V), Cu (II) was almost completely removed from the solution. Adsorption process of As(III) and As(V) on montmorillonite modified with Fe3O4 nanoparticles and a cationic surfactant is best described by the Langmuir model. The sorption capacity of modified montmorillonite for As (III) and As (V) was 9.9 mg/g and 7.6 mg/g, respectively.
Sorption of labile humus substances by structural-aggregate fractions of eroded chernozems
Authors: Gromovik Arkady I. , Gorbunova Nadezhda S. , Devyatova Tatyana A.
Published: July 2024

Erosion processes are the main cause of degradation of chernozems, which occurs mainly as a result of the loss of soil organic matter and deterioration of the structural and aggregate state. The main part of organic carbon (Corg.) is concentrated in macroaggregates, therefore the destruction of macroaggregate fractions is the main cause of loss of Corg. during the development of erosion processes. The ability of soils to maintain a water-resistant structure is due to the sorption of humus substances, which have amphiphilic properties in them. To the greatest extent, such properties are possessed by young fractions of labile humus substances (LHS), present in an adsorbed state in microaggregates. Consequently, the quantitative content of LHS in structural-aggregate fractions is a reliable indicator of their anti-erosion resistance.
The goal of the research was the evaluation of the role of adsorbed LHS in the structural-aggregate fractions of chernozems in relation to their anti-erosion resistance.
Objectives: conduct field research of eroded chernozems; to select soil samples and conduct a series of laboratory studies of these samples for identification of the sorption properties of structural-aggregate fractions in relation to Corg. and LHS; to prove that the sorption of LHS by structural-aggregate fractions plays a significant role in maintaining the water-resistant structure of chernozems.
It has been established that in eroded chernozems there is a degradation of the structural-aggregate state, accompanied by deterioration of microstructure, a decrease in the number of mesoaggregates and the coefficient of structure, as well as the loss of a water-resistant structure. It has been shown that the sorption of LHS by structural-aggregate fractions plays a significant role in maintaining the water-stable structure of chernozems. It was established that the main role in the sorption of Corg. belongs to mesoaggregates with the size of 5-1 mm, which quickly lost by the soil during the development of erosion processes.
Mass spectrometric analysis of plant protein concentrates
Authors: Meshcheryakova Olga L. , Bugrova Anna E. , Kononikhin Alexey S. , Kartashova Oksana A. , Korneeva Olga S. , Glagoleva Lyudmila E. , Korchagin Vladimir I.
Published: July 2024

The work is devoted to the study of the composition of protein concentrates from amaranth grains (Amaranthus hypochondriacus L.), Voronezh variety. Amaranth protein concentrates were obtained by the alkaline extraction of proteins, the neutralization of the solution, followed by ultrafiltration; by separating the starch fraction with amylolytic enzymes; alkaline extraction of proteins and their precipitation at pH 4.5. The conditions for protein extraction were selected, followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometric analysis and their identification. It has been shown that proteins from amaranth grain were more efficiently extracted with a buffer containing urea at protein concentrations in solution of 1.7, 1.9, and 2.9 mg/cm3respectively, while the buffer with detergents was more effective for the extraction of low molecular weight proteins at protein concentrations in solution of 4.9, 2.9, and 9.0 mg/cm3 respectively. As a result of HPLC-MS/MS analysis followed by a search and identification in the UNIPROT database, it was established that the main protein of amaranth grain is 11S-globulin, which is a reserve protein of amaranth seeds. In amaranth concentrates, 14 unique proteins characteristic only for A.hipochondriacus L., as well as proteins that were not characteristic to this species, but were reliably identified. Based on the results of semi-quantitative analysis of the peptide profile of amaranth grain protein concentrates, a high frequency of occurrence of the main 11S-globulin proteins was established in all samples. The frequency of occurrence of other proteins in samples obtained by different methods differed significantly, which was associated with the peculiarities of protein isolation from amaranth grain. The obtained results can be used for the production of plant protein concentrates with a set protein composition.