bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SUSTENTABILIDADE SOCIAL NA PRODUÇÃO DE FRANGO DE CORTE EM SISTEMA DARK HOUSE: UM ESTUDO MULTICASO
Authors: Souza Sulma Vanessa , Almeida Marcel Gonçalves de , Sabbag Omar Jorge , Oliveira Luanne Escobar do Nascimento
Published: September 2022

Este artigo se propõe a avaliar a sustentabilidade social da produção de frango de corte em sistema Dark House na Região da Grande Dourados- Mato Grosso do Sul. Como ferramenta de avaliação, optou-se pelo uso do Sistema de Impacto Social de Atividades Agropecuárias (APOIA-SOCIAL), que consiste em um sistema de avaliação com 16 indicadores divididos em quatro aspectos: emprego, economia, saúde, gestão e administração. A pesquisa foi realizada em cinco propriedades rurais em cidades distintas. Os resultados evidenciaram que as propriedades alcançaram índices finais de impacto social superiores à linha de base (0,70) preconizada pelo sistema, o que permite dizer que o impacto social foi positivo. Por outro lado, verificou-se que o aspecto saúde apresentou impacto negativo, podendo se tornar fator prejudicial à sustentabilidade da atividade, caso não sejam realizadas medidas mitigadoras para sua correção.
Short Sea Shipping: Evidence from Campania, Southern Italy
Authors: Carlucci Fabio
Published: September 2022

Background: The urban transport systems of coastal cities are conditioned by the limitations placed by their coastal position on the expansion of radial networks. However, while the water around them compresses terrestrial routes, it simultaneously creates space for alternative transport systems to support urban and metropolitan mobility. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the feasibility of establishing new navigation lines to support certain coastal locations in the gulfs of Naples and Salerno in Campania (Italy) which, due to their nature, are particularly suitable for the movement of the huge tourist flows that affect the area under analysis. Methods: This study expands upon specific previous and ongoing experiences, clarifying their strengths and weaknesses, identifying the basic characteristics of hypothesized fast maritime lines, and drawing conclusions about their technical and economic feasibility. Results: Based on the level of detail available to the present study, the hypothesized service does not seem to offer complete economic-financial sustainability. The primary shortcoming lies in the resources needed to adapt technical structures and to support businesses during the initial phase of the project. Conclusions: The feasibility of new transport services depends on the extent to which existing traffic can be subtracted the modes of transport already in operation. In the absence of public subsidies, the speed, frequency, regularity and safety of such transport are crucial.
Safety evaluation of unsignalized intersection with heterogeneous traffic using Post Encroachment Time and conflicting vehicle speed
Authors: Hasain Mohamed
Published: September 2022

Road safety assessment is more challenging in developing countries because crash data are not generally available. However, use of surrogate safety measures can act as a substitute for actual crash data. Historically, the unsignalized intersection poses more danger for road users and the Post Encroachment Time (PET) is more suitable for traverse collision. A threshold value for identifying the critical conflict is inappropriate for heterogeneous traffic conditions. Further, spotting the critical conflicts only by using the speed of the following vehicle is also not ideal. This study includes the speed of the leading vehicle for finding the critical conflicts as the collision probability also depends on the speed of the leading vehicle. Initially, the unsignalized intersections considered looked unsafe while observing the average PET value. However, considering the results of the critical conflicts both interections were found to be safe. It is also observed that the fast-moving vehicles were more responsible for critical conflicts.
Validation of the Postnatal Growth and Retinopathy of Prematurity (G-ROP) screening criteria
Authors: Fadakar Kaveh , Abbas Heidar , Soltani Sahel , Tuli Sonal , Farahani Afsar , Imani Fooladi Marjan , Taslimi Taleghani Naeeme , Esfandiarifard Shaghayegh , Roohipourmoallai Ramak , Davoudi Samaneh , Chen Jinghua , Khoshnood Shariati Maryam , Karkhaneh Reza , Ebrahimiadib Nazanin
Published: September 2022

Background: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a leading cause of irreversible blindness in infants. The Postnatal Growth and ROP (G-ROP) study proposed new screening criteria for ROP. This study aimed to validate the G-ROP screening criteria in a group of Iranian premature infants who were treated in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) for at least 40 days.

Methods: In this retrospective study, we extracted the data pertaining to infants admitted to the NICU from January 2020 to December 2021. We screened all the included infants for ROP based on the Iranian national screening criteria. We applied the G-ROP criteria to our study population, and if no criterion was met, the infant was exempted from ROP screening. We determined the sensitivity and specificity of the G-ROP guidelines for ROP detection, along with its capacity for predicting the requirement for ROP treatment. Moreover, we compared the G-ROP guidelines with the Iranian and North American guidelines for ROP screening.

Results: A total of 166 premature infants with complete datasets were included: 130 had ROP, of whom 61 were treated. There were 109 female infants (65.7%). The mean (standard deviation [SD]) birth weight and gestational age were 1080 (256) g and 28.28 (1.97) weeks, respectively. Applying the G-ROP criteria, 127 of 130 infants with ROP were identified (sensitivity, 97.69%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 95.11% – 100%), and of 36 infants without ROP, three were correctly excluded (specificity, 8.33%; 95% CI, 0% – 17.36%). The G-ROP criteria did not fail to identify infants who required treatment for ROP (sensitivity, 100%; 95% CI, 98.29 – 100) and had a specificity of 8.69% (95% CI, 2.04% – 15.34%). Although the Iranian and North American criteria had 100% sensitivity for infants with any stage of ROP, they could not detect infants without ROP (0% specificity).

Conclusions: The G-ROP screening criteria had a sensitivity of 100% in identifying infants requiring treatment for ROP in our high-risk group; however, specificity was not sufficiently high. Further studies with larger numbers of referred infants could confirm a decrease in the burden of retinal examinations using these criteria.
FEATURES OF INWARD DISEASE PATTERN IN PATIENTS WITH ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION
Authors: Grigoryeva I. V. , Evseyenko V. V. , Grigoryev V. I. , Igumnov S. A.
Published: September 2022

The study of the inward disease pattern in patients with arterial hypertension is an important aspect to determine the present psychosomatic interactions. To assess the type of an attitude to the disease among 57 patients with arterial hypertension, the Personal questionnaire of Behterev institute (LOBI) was applied. It was revealed that vexatious and neurotic types prevailed which determined a high risk for the progression of anxiety disorders. The significant gender differences in choosing the main type of the attitude to the disease were identified: prevalence of neurotic and sensitive types among the men and anxious and neurotic types among the women. This accounts a need to determine different psychotherapeutic approaches for them in all the stages of the rehabilitation.
INFECTIOUS COMPLICATIONS IN THE TRANSPLANTATION OF VASCULAR PROSTHESES
Authors: Lyzikov A. A.
Published: September 2022

The present review covers infectious complications after the application of vascular prostheses for the reconstruction of aorta and iliac arteries. The etiology, pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of the complications have been given a detailed description in the article. The basic groups of microorganisms which can cause the complications have been singled out and differences in the clinical course of the disease depending on the type of the bacteria have been described. The main risk factors for prosthetic contamination have been indicated.
ON DOSE STRUCTURE OF THE POPULATION EXPOSURE TO MAIN IRRADIATION SOURCES ON THE THREE MOST CONTAMINATED REGIONS OF BELARUS AFTER THE CHERNOBYL DISASTER
Authors: Vlasova N. G.
Published: September 2022

The annual effective irradiation dose of the population of the three most contaminated regions of Belarus after the Chernobyl Disaster has been estimated. The contribution of each component into the effective dose has been determined. The article presents the structure of the effective irradiation dose in the population of Brest, Gomel and Mogilev regions.
EXPERIMENTAL MODELING OF TOXIC HEPATIC INJURY
Authors: Skuratov A. G. , Lyzikov A. N. , Voropayev E. V. , Achinovich S. L. , Osipov B. B.
Published: September 2022

Objective: to perfect in experiment models of acute and chronic toxic injuries of liver, to evaluate possibilities of their application to study the processes of liver regeneration and its correction. Materials and methods: white male rats Vistar; intraperitoneal injection of 50 % solution of carbon tetrachloride made on olive oil; intragastric introduction of acetaminophen; morphological and morphometrical methods. Results. The models of toxic hepatitis and hepatic cirrhosis were received in experiment. Hepatic cirrhosis is postnecrotic and mainly multilobular. Conclusion. The carbon tetrachloride model of toxic hepatitis and cirrhosis can be used for reproduction of this pathology in experiment. However it is not optimal as the sensitivity of rats to carbon tetrachloride differs and the changes in liver have reversible character after the preparation cancellation.
INFECTIONS IN THE DECEASED WITH LIVER CIRRHOSIS OUT OF HOSPITAL
Authors: Gavrilenko D. I. , Romankov L. V. , Ivankov D. P.
Published: September 2022

The results of the forensic medical examination of 70 patients deceased from cirrhosis out of hospital have been analyzed. The aim of the research was to define frequency, structure and features of infectious complications in that category of the patients. As a result of the study it was established that 24 (34,29 %) of the deceased revealed infectious complications associated with cirrhosis. The most prevalent infectious complications were as follows: pneumonia (17,1 %), urinary tract infections (10 %) and decubituses (5,7 %). The infectious complications in cirrhosis were more common for women and caused renal insufficiency (necrotic nephrosis). Thus, infectious complications in cirrhotic outpatients are nevertheless very prevailing.
NONPHARMACOLOGICAL THERAPY OF CORONARY HEART DISEASE: THE ROLE AND PLACE OF HYPERBARIC OXYGENATION (literature review)
Authors: Salivonchyk D. P.
Published: September 2022

The application of HBO in patients with acute (infarction of myocardium, instable angina) and chronic forms of ischemic heart disease proved itself to be a safe and effective treatment method, which made it possible to increase survival rate from 90,4 % in the control group up to 97,1 % in the main group by the results of the five-year retrospective study, р = 0,001. The maximum efficacy of HBO in «small» doses of hyperoxia was observed in patients with acute and chronic forms of CHD when coronary revascularization was impossible, which revealed an increase in the survival rate from 88,7 % in the control group to 96.3% in the main group, p = 0,004.
THE ROLE OF STEM CELLS IN LIVER REGENERATION AND PROSPECTS OF THEIR USE IN THE TREATMENT OF LIVER IMPAIRMENT (literature review)
Authors: Lyzikov A. N. , Skuratov A. G. , Voropayev E. V. , Prizentsov A. A.
Published: September 2022

The aim of the study: to carry out the analytical literature review on the study of stem cells role in liver regeneration and prospects of cell transplantation in patients with liver impairment. Materials and methods: medical publications of modern foreign and national authors, Internet resources PubMed. Results: consideration of pathogenetic basis of liver regeneration and achievement of liver impairment management with stem cells in animals with induced liver disease and in clinical trials as well as future prospects. Conclusion: liver cirrhosis and liver impairment remain one of the main causes of death in patients around the world. The most effective treatment for severe liver disease is its transplantation. However, the deficiency of donor organs and high risk of the transplant rejection are the main problems of liver transplantation. An alternative method of liver transplantation is the repopulation of liver with stem cells and isolated hepatocytes. But there are still unresolved problems of cell transplantation, which require further research.
STRATEGY TO DECREASE THE RISK OF PERYNATAL INFECTIONS
Authors: Korbut I. A.
Published: September 2022

Objective to develop a risk scale for development of intrauterine infections and algorithm to decrease perynatal infectious complications. Materials and methods. 51 puerperants (randomised research) were examined according to clinical reports. The factors of perynatal risk were evaluated in points. The levels of lactoferrin, a-IF and γ-IF IL-1β, RA-IL-1β (tests-systems «Vector-Best», Novosibirsk) were determined by ELISA method in the peripheral blood whey of the pregnant women. For the statistical analysis the methods of A.Vald, A. A.Genkin's and Coulbach formula were used. Results. The scale aimed at the forecast of perynatal infections realization and algorithm for its prevention was developed. Conclusion. The application of the forecast algorithm for perynatal infection realization and the early beginning of complex actions will improve the outcomes for a mother and the fetus.
VALUE OF TREDMILL-TEST AND CARDIOINTERVALOGRAPHY IN DISPUTABLE QUESTIONS OF ALLOWING CHILDREN TO GO IN FOR SPORTS
Authors: Skuratova N. A. , Belyaeva L. M.
Published: September 2022

Objective: to estimate the value of tredmill-test and cardiointervalography in «disputable» questions of allowing children to go in for sports. Materials and methods. 57 young athletes were hospitalized into the Cardiological Department of the Gomel Regional Children's Clinical Hospital, so that the specialists could decide the «disputable» questions of allowing them to go in for sports. To make a decision, the following tests were carried out: studying of complaints and life anamnesis, performing of functional-diagnostic methods of research of cardiovascular system (EKG, Holter monitoring, daily monitoring of blood pressure, echocardiography, cardiointervalography, tredmill-test). Results. As a result of the research, the young athletes showed age features of vascular reactions and arrhytmya in the exercise test, as well as prognostically dangerous features of rhythm vegetative regulation. The conclusion. When there are «disputable» questions of allowing young sportsmen to go on playing sports, it is necessary to use exercise tests (tredmill-test) and cardiointervalography. It is necessary to include echocardiography in the obligatory examination of the young sportsmen going in for intensive kinds of sports. Children with initial simpatiko- and hypersympatikotonia and аsympaticus vegetative reactance are likely to develop adverse sports consequences.
THE USE OF MEDOSTATIN FOR CORRECTION OF LIPID DISTURBANCES IN PATIENTS WITH METABOLIC SYNDROM
Authors: Siluyanov V. V.
Published: September 2022

The article presents the results of treatment for dislipidemia in patients with metabolic syndrom. Hypolipidemic efficiency and safety of medostatin application were demonstrated in the given group of patients.
THE MEDULLOBLASTOMA WITH VERTEBRAL HYPEROSTOSIS (a case report and brief literature review)
Authors: Yurkovskiy A. M. , Achinovich S. L.
Published: September 2022

The article deals with a rare combination of the changes of spinal column (vertebral hyperostosis, hyperostosis with medulloblastoma, kidney anomalies e.g. horseshoe kidney) with an accessory lobe of liver which is unusual for a 25-year-old patient. The study presents а brief review of the literature containing the data on prevalence, etiology and the basic diagnostic criteria of the mentioned pathology.
GALLSTONE DISEASE: STATE OF THE PROBLEM
Authors: Prizentsov A. A. , Lobankov V. M. , Skuratov A. G.
Published: September 2022

On the average, 10 % of the planet`s inhabitants have gallstone disease. Today, the prevalence of this pathology is the second after that of cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Cholecystectomy became one of the most common operations in abdominal surgery.
ASSESMENT OF EFFICIENCY OF AUTOVENOUS AORTOILIAC RECONSTRUCTION IN PATIENTS AT HIGH RISK OF INFECTIOUS COMPLICATIONS
Authors: Lyzikov A. A.
Published: September 2022

Efficiency of autovenous aorto-iliac reconstruction in patients at high risk of infectious complications is discussed in the article. Main steps of design of proposed method are described. The study is performed in mixed fashion. Groups of high risk of infectious complications are determined by retrospective analysis of case histories. Experimental model of subcultural bacteremia was performed in 30 experimental animals - dogs. New method of autovenous aorto-iliac reconstruction in high risk patients was designed on a basis the data obtained. 10 patients underwent surgery of proposed fashion. Economic efficiency of the method is calculated in the article.
El TURISMO EN MAGALUF-MALLORCA: SU REPERCUSIÓN EN LOS MEDIOS DE COMUNICACIÓN ON LINE SUECOS
Authors: Díez Yagüe Roberto , Melo Pereira Luciana , Barrera Cañelas Margarita
Published: September 2022

En las últimas décadas el turismo procedente de Suecia hacia Mallorca se ha visto fuertemente mermado por los cambios de gustos y preferencias del colectivo escandinavo. El destino preferido para muchos suecos, Magaluf, ha sufrido una notable caída en su imagen como destino turístico para la población de dicho país. Uno de los mayores problemas que encontramos es la fuerte repercusión de las noticias desfavorables en la prensa digital sueca, que impacta directamente sobre el turismo mallorquín. En el presente estudio se analizará la visión real del turista sueco del destino de Magaluf y las variables que más le afectan para elegir el destino. Para eso, se realizó una encuesta de 16 preguntas a 360 individuos, en tres sesiones para corroborar o refutar tres hipótesis planteadas. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que tres de cada cuatro encuestados considera, en mayor o menor medida, que las noticias publicadas sobre Magaluf en los diarios suecos tienen connotaciones negativas, sin embargo, la mayoría de los encuestados, un 61,7 %, considera que Magaluf es un destino seguro, aunque más de uno de cada cuatro del total únicamente le otorga un cinco sobre diez en seguridad. En conclusión, los medios de comunicación on line influyen en la formación de la imagen de los turistas y el destino debe poner en marcha acciones más efectivas a fin de mejorar su competitividad y posicionamiento.
COMPORTAMIENTO PROAMBIENTAL: ANÁLISIS BIBLIOMÉTRICO 2000-2021 Y CARACTERIZACIÓN DE PERSPECTIVAS
Authors: Cabrera Otálora Martha Isabel , Nieto Gómez Libia Esperanza , Giraldo Díaz Reinaldo
Published: September 2022

A pesar de la importancia del comportamiento proambiental en la búsqueda de alternativas a la crisis ambiental contemporánea, no existe un estudio que muestre su evolución, y caracterice las corrientes de investigación en el tema. El objetivo de este artículo es presentar una revisión bibliométrica y sistemática del comportamiento proambiental en el período 2000 a 2021, utilizando las bases de datos WoS y Scopus. Se empleó la herramienta Bibliométrix, y el software R en el procesamiento de datos. El análisis gráfico de los resultados se hizo a partir de la teoría de grafos. Los resultados permitieron la visualización de una red que describe la interacción de 1161 publicaciones: 498 artículos en Wos y 1099 en Scopus, identificando los principales autores, revistas y países. Se analizaron las publicaciones clásicas, estructurales y recientes, siendo estas últimas de gran relevancia para caracterizar las cuatro perspectivas recomendadas para investigación futura: preocupación ambiental y comportamientos proambientales, el papel de las organizaciones en la promoción de comportamientos proambientales que generen cambios sociales, acciones éticas y políticas individuales y colectivas, y normas sociales, consumo y comportamiento voluntario.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE USE OF 3-MONTH INJECTABLE CONTRACEPTIVES (PROGESTINS) WITH WEIGHT GAINING IN FAMILY PLANNING ACCEPTORS IN SIALAMBUE VILLAGE, PADANG LAWAS REGENCY IN 2020
Authors: Mkes Henny Sahriani
Published: September 2022

Most family planning acceptors in Indonesia are dominated by injection family planning acceptors at 63.7%. One of the side effects of 3-month injectable contraception is weight gain, women who use 3-month injectable contraception have an average weight gain of 11 pounds or 5.5 kg and experience an increase in body fat of 3.4% within 3 years of use. . The purpose of the study was to determine the relationship between the use of 3-month injectable contraceptives (progestin) with weight gain in family planning acceptors in Sialambue village, Padang Lawas district in 2020. This study was a quantitative study with a cross sectional approach. The population is all acceptors of 3-month injection KB in Sialambue village, Padang Lawas Regency in 2021, totaling 45 people. The sampling technique is purposive sampling and the sample is 45 people. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between the use of 3-month injectable contraceptives (progestin) and weight gain in family planning acceptors with p = 0.013 < = 0.05. It is recommended for mothers who want to become family planning acceptors to be wiser in determining the type of contraception to be used. Pay attention to the benefits, advantages and side effects of contraception to be used.
PEMBUATAN VIRGIN COCONUT OIL (VCO) DENGAN ENZIM PAPAIN
Authors: Diningsih Ayus
Published: September 2022

Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) has a major role for the body, including reducing fat deposits in the body, reducing the formation of blood clots, controlling free radicals in cells, lowering blood and liver cholesterol levels, increasing antioxidant reserves in cells, and reducing the risk of heart disease and cancer. The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics of the VCO produced by the papain enzyme. This research is a laboratory-based experimental research. The research was conducted at the Aufa Royhan University pharmaceutical chemistry laboratory in Padangsidimpuan City in November – December 2021. The main ingredient used is old coconut. The results showed that the VCO had a normal color and odor. The yield of the addition of 0% papain enzyme was 21.68%, 10% papain enzyme was 22.87%, 20% papain enzyme was 34.39%. Water content with the addition of 0% papain enzyme is 0.27%, 10% papain enzyme is 0.29%, 20% papain enzyme is 0.32%. The free fatty acid content with the addition of 0% papain enzyme was 2.93%, 10% papain enzyme was 3.04%, 20% papain enzyme was 3.706%. The conclusion of this study is that based on the yield of VCO, the more papain enzymes are used, the more VCO will be obtained. Meanwhile, the water content and free fatty acid content of the resulting VCO did not meet the SNI 2008 standard.
GAMBARAN PENGETAHUAN IBU MENYUSUI TENTANG RESIKO PEMBERIAN MAKANAN TAMBAHAN PADA BAYI USIA 0-6 BULAN DI KELURAHAN KOTA SIANTAR LORONG KAYUARA KECAMATAN PANYABUNGAN KABUPATEN MANDAILING NATAL TAHUN 2021
Authors: Lubis Nurkholidah
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT
 
Supplementary feeding means providing food other than breast milk where breast milk is a natural food for babies and must be given without additional food until the age of 6 months, but the fact is that there are still many mothers who give food to babies aged under 0-6 months. This descriptive study aims to describe the knowledge of breastfeeding mothers about the risk of giving additional food to infants aged 0-6 months in Siantar Lorong Kayuara Village, Panyabungan District, Mandailing Natal Regency. Collecting data using primary data obtained from the results of filling out questionnaires by respondents. The sampling technique in this study was using the total sampling technique. The results of the study were that the majority of respondents had less knowledge, namely 18 respondents (51.4%). Based on the age of the majority of good knowledge aged 25-35, namely 11 respondents (50%). Based on education, the majority have less knowledge with high school education, namely 11 respondents (52.3%). Based on the occupation, the majority have less knowledge of the work of farmers, namely 8 respondents (57.1%). Based on parity, the majority have less knowledge with parity Multipara, namely 7 respondents (63.6%). Based on the sources of information, the majority have less knowledge than sources of information from electronic media and health workers, each of which is 7 respondents (58.3%). From the results of this study, it can be concluded that the knowledge of breastfeeding mothers about the risk of giving additional food to infants aged 0-6 months is lacking, for that it is hoped that health workers can increase counseling for breastfeeding mothers about all matters related to supplementary feeding.
Hubungan Pengetahuan dan Dukungan Suami Dengan Penggunaan Kontrsepsi IUD di Desa Balakka Tahun 2020
Authors: Arbaiyah Ita
Published: September 2022

Kontrasepsi adalah upaya untuk mencegah terjadinya kehamilan, upaya tersebut dapat bersifat sementara, dapat pula bersifat permanen. Penggunaan Metode Kontrasepsi Jangka Panjang (MKJP) dinilai lebih efektif dalam mencegah kehamilan. Intra Uterine Device (IUD) termasuk dalam kelompok MKJP. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan dan dukungan suami dengan penggunaan alat kontrasepai IUD di Desa Balakka Tahun 2020 Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif, desain yang digunakan adalah kolerasi, dan menggunakan pendekatan crosssecsional. Pengambilan  sampel  kelompok kasus dan kelompok kontrol dengan total sampling yang masing-masing sebanyak 36 orang. Analisis univariat menggunakan distiburi  frekuensi, dan bivariat menggunakan analisis Chi-Square. Berdasarkan hasil uji statistik dengan chi-square menunjukkan adanya hubungan antara pengetahuan suami terhadap penggunaan alat kontrasepsi IUD dengan nilai p-value 0,01 ada hubungan  bermakna antara dukungan suami dengan alat kontrasepsi IUD p-value 0,5. Diharapkan kepada suami PUS agar dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan tentang alat kontrasepsi IUD dan mengetahui dukungan suami penting dalam pemilihan Alat Kontrasepsi
Uncertainty in aerosol-cloud radiative forcing is driven by clean conditions
Authors: Gryspeerdt Edward , Povey Adam C. , Grainger Roy G. , Hasekamp Otto , Hsu N. Christina , Mulcahy Jane P. , Sayer Andrew M. , Sorooshian Armin
Published: September 2022

Abstract. Atmospheric aerosols and their impact on cloud properties remain the largest uncertainty in the human forcing of the climate system. By increasing the concentration of cloud droplets (Nd), aerosols reduce droplet size and increase the reflectivity of clouds (a negative radiative forcing). Central to this climate impact is the susceptibility of cloud droplet number to aerosol (β), the diversity of which explains much of the variation in radiative forcing in global climate models. This has made measuring β a key target for developing observational constraints of the aerosol forcing. While the aerosol burden of the clean, pre-industrial atmosphere has been demonstrated as a key uncertainty for the aerosol forcing, here we show that the behaviour of clouds under these clean conditions is of equal importance for understanding the spread in radiative forcing estimates between models and observations. This means that the uncertainty in the aerosol impact on clouds is, counterintuitively, driven by situations with little aerosol. Discarding clean conditions produces a close agreement between different model and observational estimates of the cloud response to aerosol, but does not provide a strong constraint on the radiative forcing from aerosol-cloud interactions. This makes constraining aerosol behaviour in clean conditions a key goal for future observational studies.
A turbulence data reduction scheme for autonomous and expendable profiling floats
Authors: Hughes Kenneth G. , Moum James N. , Rudnick Daniel L.
Published: September 2022

Abstract. Autonomous and expendable profiling float arrays such as deployed in the Argo Program require the transmission of reliable data from remote sites. However, existing satellite data transfer rates preclude complete transmission of rapidly sampled turbulence measurements. It is therefore necessary to reduce turbulence data onboard. Here we propose a scheme for onboard data reduction and test it with existing turbulence data obtained with a newly developed version of a SOLO-II profiling float. The scheme invokes simple power law fits to (i) shear probe voltage spectra and (ii) fast thermistor voltage spectra that yield a fit value plus a quality control metric. At roughly 1 m vertical interval resolution, this scheme reduces the necessary data transfer volume 240-fold to approximately 3 kB for every 100 m of a profile (when profiling at 0.2 m s-1). Turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rate ε and thermal variance dissipation rate χ are recovered in post-processing. As a test, we apply our scheme to a dataset comprising 650 profiles and compare its output to that from our standard turbulence processing algorithm. For ε, values from the two approaches agree within a factor of two 87 % of the time; for χ, 78 %. These levels of agreement are greater than or comparable to that between the ε and χ values derived from two shear probes and two fast thermistors, respectively, on the same profiler.
Interstellar dust as a unique and interdisciplinary science case for the Interstellar Probe
Authors: Hunziker Silvan , Sterken Veerle ,   Interstellar Probe ISD Team
Published: September 2022

The Interstellar Probe is a mission concept to investigate (in situ) the heliosphere, its boundaries and its immediate surrounding interstellar space. It is a multi-purpose mission serving compelling science goals in heliosphere science, planetary science and astrophysics. One of the interdisciplinary science investigations on the Interstellar Probe concerns measurements of interstellar (and interplanetary) dust in and outside of the heliosphere. Such measurements will be unique and a major leap forward for interstellar dust research: no spacecraft ever has flown out of the heliosphere with a dedicated dust package before. This is important because the heliosphere filters out the smallest of these particles through their surface charge and coupling to magnetic fields and because the dynamics of submicron dust particles in the heliosphere are influenced by the solar cycle and the large-scale structure and dynamics of the different regions in the heliosphere. The boundary regions of the heliosphere are fairly unexplored. 

In this talk, we present the compelling and interdisciplinary science case of interstellar dust for a mission like the Interstellar Probe. We discuss interstellar dust simulation results and discuss what the mission can expect to measure, depending on different assumptions for the dust size distribution and composition. We use these simulations to illustrate how interstellar dust measurements and simulations can bring us new information about the global structure and dynamics of the heliosphere.  
Vulcano Summer School 2022: Overview of the field-based terrestrial, marine and planetary analogue studies campaign
Authors: Unnithan Vikram ,   VulcanoTeam2022
Published: September 2022

After a pause of two years, the two-week summer school at Vulcano, Sicily in June 2022 brought together, once again, scientists, researchers, students, and technicians, to another field campaign dealing with topics ranging from geology to robotic environmental exploration, astrobiology, and the study of planetary analogues. A number of successful (planned and unplanned) experiments and sampling campaigns were carried out on the island and in the coastal waters around Vulcano.

Vulcano is the third largest and southernmost island of the Aeolian archipelago in the Tyrrhenian Sea. The central Fossa crater on Vulcano has similar surface morphology to lunar and martian regions with extremely dry, arid conditions, little or no vegetation cover, angular grains over a range of grain-sizes. The diverse and extreme (hostile) environments at Vulcano provide an essential training ground for testing instruments and techniques foreseen for future robotic exploration missions to Mars and other bodies with a particular focus on astrobiology. This year, as in the past campaigns, a variety of spectral instruments ranging from visible and near-infrared (VNIR) reflectance to Raman spectroscopy will be deployed at various sites for mineralogical, biological, and elemental analysis. The in-situ survey, and its comparison with laboratory standards and instruments, will provide an assessment of the usability of these techniques to characterize extraterrestrial environments and guide our search for life in the Solar System (e.g. via assessing the detectability of biosignatures). 

Drone photogrammetry surveys provide the regional context, map areas of interest such as potential hazards, while an Integrated Positioning System (IPS) in combination with infrared thermal imagery was deployed for future mapping and thermal stability analysis of different sites on Vulcano.

Furthermore, geophysics techniques such TEM and IP electric measurements of fumaroles and their 3D structure will be investigated. Last but not least, robotic missions for terrain analysis, locomotion and mapping will be undertaken on various lunar and martian analog terrains.
Ariel: Enabling planetary science across light-years
Authors: Tinetti Giovanna , Eccleston Paul , Lueftinger Theresa , Salvignol Jean-Christophe , Fahmy Salma , Alves de Oliveira Caterina ,   Ariel team
Published: September 2022

Ariel, the Atmospheric Remote-sensing Infrared Exoplanet Large-survey, was adopted as the fourth medium-class mission in ESA's Cosmic Vision programme to be launched in 2029. During its 4-year mission, Ariel will study what exoplanets are made of, how they formed and how they evolve, by surveying a diverse sample of about 1000 extrasolar planets, simultaneously in visible and infrared wavelengths. It is the first mission dedicated to measuring the chemical composition and thermal structures of hundreds of transiting exoplanets, enabling planetary science far beyond the boundaries of the Solar System. The payload consists of an off-axis Cassegrain telescope (primary mirror 1100 mm x 730 mm ellipse) and two separate instruments (FGS and AIRS) covering simultaneously 0.5-7.8 micron spectral range. The satellite is best placed into an L2 orbit to maximise the thermal stability and the field of regard. The payload module is passively cooled via a series of V-Groove radiators; the detectors for the AIRS are the only items that require active cooling via an active Ne JT cooler. The Ariel payload is developed by a consortium of more than 50 institutes from 16 ESA countries, which include the UK, France, Italy, Belgium, Poland, Spain, Austria, Denmark, Ireland, Portugal, Czech Republic, Hungary, the Netherlands, Sweden, Norway, Estonia, and a NASA contribution.

This presentation provides an overall summary of the science and instrument design for Ariel and presents the many activities that the Ariel team have planned to engage the science community at large and the public prior to launch. These include the Ariel Dry-Run program and citizen-science programs such as ExoClock and the Ariel Data Challenges.
Parameterization of Water-ammonia Hail in Jupiter’s Atmosphere
Authors: Hu Xinmiao , Read Peter , Parmentier Vivien , Colyer Greg
Published: September 2022

Recent Juno microwave observations revealed some puzzling features of the ammonia distribution. In particular, an ammonia-poor layer extends down to levels of tens of bars in Jupiter outside the equatorial region to at least ±40° [Li et al. 2017]. Such a depletion has not yet emerged in general circulation models (GCMs). Guillot et al. [2020] showed that ammonia vapour can dissolve in water ice within violent storms, forming ammonia-rich hail, or "mushballs", that leads to an efficient transport of ammonia to the deeper atmosphere and hence its observed depletion. However, this mechanism has not been tested in numerical simulations in which convective events are self-consistently determined. 

We present a simple parameterization scheme for the mushball process. Our scheme determines the mushball concentration using the water-ammonia equilibrium phase diagram, and considers the transport of water and ammonia due to its associated downdraft. We implemented this scheme to a GCM based on the MITgcm [Young et al. 2019] that includes the following key parameterizations: a water moist convection scheme, a simple cloud microphysics model for water and ammonia, a dry convection scheme, and a two-stream radiative transfer scheme. We present our preliminary results using water and ammonia abundance according to Juno observations. Further, we discuss the ability of the "mushball" scheme to reproduce the Juno observations and explore which parameters are the most important to understand the ammonia distribution in the deep layers of Jupiter.
IAU Women in Astronomy Working Group activities and survey results
Authors: Pandey-Pommier Mamta , Piccialli Arianna ,   IAU WiA WG members
Published: September 2022

The gender imbalance and diversity dimension of science and technology has become one of the most important and debated issues worldwide, impacting society at every level. The International Astronomical Union, through its Executive Committee Working Group on Women in Astronomy, has been a strong advocate for discussing these themes openly and for supporting initiatives that can improve a more balanced representation of diversity in our community.  The IAU Women in Astronomy (WiA) Working Group (WG)'s mandate is to collect information, propose measures, and initiate actions in support of, or to advance equality of opportunity for achievement between women and men in astronomy, in the IAU, and the world at large. It has 198 members as of now from all continents and we look forward to welcoming many more members from all over the world. In this talk, we provide an overview of IAU WiA WG activities as well as results of the recent survey on 'Working Conditions of Women in Astronomy' and the efforts being carried out by the WiA WG Organizing committee and regular members to improve the working conditions of women in Astronomy.
Chaotic behaviours of different time-scales in the trans-Neptunian space
Authors: Kővári Emese , Forgács-Dajka Emese , Kovács Tamás , Kiss Csaba , Sándor Zsolt
Published: September 2022

The trans-Neptunian space is of great interest of dynamical studies with an inexhaustible number of intriguing problems to be solved. Its dynamical structure is shaped to a great extent by the different types of celestial mechanical resonances, such as mean-motion resonances (MMRs), secular resonances, and the Kozai resonance.

In a recent research, we carried out a large-scale survey of the trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs) by means of dynamical maps. We identified the most important MMRs and explored their dynamical role through the quantification of the chaotic diffusion and that of the stability times of the small bodies. The chaotic diffusion is of fundamental importance for its rate determines the long-term evolution of a given celestial system. To estimate the rate of the diffusion (that is, to compute the diffusion coefficients) in the case of more than 4100 TNOs, we initiated the use of the Shannon entropy. This latter quantity allows, on the one hand, to measure the extent of unstable regions in the phase space (and thus serves as an indicator of chaos), and also enables the direct measurement of the diffusion coefficients. The characteristic times of stability - in the case of normal diffusion - are then achieved by taking the inverse of the diffusion coefficients. In the knowledge of the chaotic diffusion and stability times for as large a TNO sample as the one indicated above, the overall structure of the trans-Neptunian space can be mapped, along with the specification of dynamical classes or the update of the existing ones.
Mapping the composition of Europa’s young terrain features with SUDA
Authors: Goode William , Kempf Sascha , Schmidt Juergen
Published: September 2022

To assess the potential habitability of Europa, it is important to understand its chemical composition (Hand et al., 2007). Young terrain features on Europa’s surface likely consist of material up-welled from the liquid water source below (Wilson et al., 1997; Pappalardo et al., 1998; McCord et al., 1999; Figueredo and Greeley, 2004; Mével and Mercier, 2007), encoding relevant compositional information. A major science objective of NASA’s Europa Clipper mission is to characterize the composition of young terrain features using data acquired on close flybys. The Surface Dust Analyzer (SUDA) is an in situ instrument that collects and analyzes the composition of individual grains (Kempf et al., 2012), which are ejected from Europa’s surface by a continuous bombardment of interplanetary impactors (Krüger et al., 1999, 2003; Goode et al., 2021). By applying a dynamical model to these particles, we compute the probability of SUDA’s detections originating from a given feature along the flyby trajectory based on Monte Carlo (MC) simulations. The time-of-flight (TOF) mass spectra that characterizes the chemical composition of individual grains results in a time series of various compositional types along the flyby. We present here a method to analyze a time series of compositional spectra recorded by SUDA that provides a robust estimate for the abundance of different compositional types on the surface, resolved for features along the ground track of the flyby. By demonstrating the association of compositional detections with geological sites of origin, data collected by SUDA is used to infer the compositional ground truth for young terrain features on Europa.
SsODNet: The Solar system Open Database Network
Authors: Carry Benoit , Berthier Jerome , Mahlke Max , Normand Jonathan
Published: September 2022

The sample of Solar system objects has dramatically increased over the last decades. The amount of measured properties (e.g., diameter, taxonomy, rotation period, thermal inertia) has grown even faster. The benefit of all these developments has, however, not come to full fruition. While some catalogs are publicly available in machine-readable formats on, e.g., the Planetary Data System (PDS), or the Centre de Données astronomiques de Strasbourg (CDS), a significant fraction of results are only tabulated within articles. Furthermore, the designation of small bodies often evolves with time, from potentially several provisional designations, to a single number and finally an official name. Hence, the same object can be referred to by different labels in different studies, making its cross-identification over several sources a complex task. Accessing to all the characteristics of a given body, or a population, can thus be tedious, or even impractical. A universal access point for all measured properties of Solar system objects available in the literature and online databases is thus required.

We provide a practical solution to the identification of Solar system objects from any of their multiple names/designations. We also compile and rationalize their properties to provide an easy access to them. We aim to continuously update the database as new measurements become available. We built a Web Service, SsODNet, that offers four interfaces, each corresponding to an identified typical need in the community: name resolution (quaero), compilation of a large corpus of properties (datacloud), determination of the best estimates among compiled values (ssoCard), and statistical description of the population (BFT).

The name resolver quaero translates any of the 5 million designations of objects into their current official designation in a fraction of second. The datacloud compiles about a 100 million measurements of many parameters (osculating and proper element, pair and family membership, diameter, albedo, mass, density, spin, phase function, color taxonomy, thermal inertia, and Yarkovsky drift) from over 2,900 articles. Each parameter is associated with an object, and a complete bibliographic reference is linked with it. For each of the 1.2 million objects in the system, a ssoCard providing a single best-estimate for each parameter is available, and delivered in json format, again in a fraction of a second. Finally, the BFT large table compiles all these best-estimates into a single eCSV file for population-wide studies.

The four interfaces of SsODNet have a Web service with an application programming interface (API). The SsODNet interfaces are fully operational and freely accessible to everyone (https://ssp.imcce.fr/webservices/ssodnet/). We also propose a python package and command-line tool to acces the service: rocks (https://rocks.readthedocs.io/).

 
Energetic particle fluxes onto Callisto's atmosphere
Authors: Liuzzo Lucas , Poppe Andrew , Addison Peter , Simon Sven , Nenon Quentin , Paranicas Chris
Published: September 2022

Jupiter’s moon Callisto is exposed to a highly dynamic magnetospheric environment. During a full synodic period, properties of the local magnetospheric field and thermal plasma environment change by an order of magnitude, and Callisto’s resulting interaction with the ambient plasma displays a strong variability.

In this study, we combine results from the AIKEF hybrid and GENTOo test-particle models to constrain the variability of energetic particle dynamics and quantify their flux onto the top of Callisto’s atmosphere during a synodic period. For three positions of Callisto with respect to the center of the Jovian current sheet (at maximum distance above, maximum distance below, and embedded within), we model the interaction between Callisto’s atmosphere/ionosphere, its induced field, and ambient magnetospheric plasma environment, and we trace energetic ions (hydrogen, oxygen, and sulfur) and electrons through the perturbed electromagnetic fields. Our findings highlight the important role that Callisto's interaction with the low energy magnetospheric plasma and signatures associated with the moon’s induced field have on shaping the dynamics and flux patterns of the high-energy particles, which may play a role in the asymmetric ionization of, and energy deposition into, Callisto's neutral atmosphere.
A statistical study of the Moon's magnetotail plasma environment
Authors: Liuzzo Lucas , Poppe Andrew , Halekas Jasper
Published: September 2022

This study investigates the lunar plasma environment when embedded within Earth's magnetotail. We use data from 10 years of tail crossings by the Acceleration, Reconnection, Turbulence, and Electrodynamics of the Moon's Interaction with the Sun (ARTEMIS) spacecraft in orbit around the Moon. We separate the plasma environments by magnetosheath-like, magnetotail lobe-like, and plasma sheet-like conditions. Our findings highlight that the lobe-like plasma is associated with low densities and a strong magnetic field, while the plasma sheet is characterized by higher densities and a weaker magnetic field. These regions are flanked by the fast, predominantly tailward flows of the terrestrial magnetosheath. During a single lunar crossing, however, the magnetotail displays a wide range of variability, with transient features—including reconnection events—intermixed between periods of lobe-like or sheet-like conditions. We compare and contrast the Moon's local magnetotail plasma to the environments near various outer-planet moons. In doing so, we find that properties of the ambient lunar plasma are, at times, unique to the terrestrial magnetotail, while at others, may resemble those near the Jovian, Saturnian, and Neptunian moons. These findings highlight the complementary role of the ARTEMIS mission in providing a deeper understanding of the plasma interactions of the outer-planet moons.