bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Adaptive Governance or Status Quo? Unpacking the City of Jakarta's Approach to the Air Pollution Control Program
Authors: Arrozaaq Dimas Luqito Chusuma , Firmansyah M. Irwanda
Published: January 2024

In recent years, Jakarta has experienced an increase in air pollution which has the potential to have a significant impact on Jakarta residents not only in terms of health, but socio-cultural and productivity. This encourages the need for effective governance strategies to overcome air pollution problems. This study seeks to critically analyze the approach used by the city of Jakarta in dealing with air pollution to find out whether the city of Jakarta's air pollution control policy has led to innovative, flexible and adaptive governance, or is still more inclined towards maintaining the status quo. Based on qualitative data, including in-depth interviews, policy analysis, and consultation with stakeholders, this research examines Jakarta's policy mechanisms, community participation pathways, and inter-agency coordination in controlling air quality and dealing with pollution. The research results show a lack of alignment between progressive policy frameworks and implementation challenges, thus underscoring the need for a more adaptive and dynamic approach. The approach adopted in Jakarta appears to be dominated by a top-down, government-led model, where policies and decisions are primarily formulated and implemented with minimal participation from non-governmental institutions. Such models, while ensuring efficient decision making, may exclude valuable insights of other stakeholders and hinder innovative and context-specific solutions. Additionally, these rigid structures appear to lack the flexibility and responsiveness that are hallmarks of adaptive governance, potentially reducing cities' ability to effectively address air pollution challenges. This research underscores the need for a more inclusive and adaptive governance framework in managing air pollution in Jakarta.
Capacity Development: Making Village Regulations Concerning the Protection of Migrant Workers in Arjowilangun Village, Kalipare District, Malang Regency
Authors: Setijaningrum1 Erna , Wahyuni Triana Rochyati , Dwi Arifriyanti Riana , Qurota Mawa Adna Anisa
Published: January 2024

Arjowilangun Village is situated in the Kalipare District of the Malang Regency and is a major contributor of migrant workers. In reality, the large number of workers who go abroad causes a wide range of problems, including failed departures, illness while working abroad, layoffs before the end of contracts, deceptive contracts, deportation, visa overstaying, nonpayment, and victimization by crime. In this, there is a growing need to protect the villagers of Arjowilangun through regulatory and other legal means. In numerous unfortunate occurrences, the capacity of many manpower is insufficient to comply with Village Regulations. Our Universitas Airlangga Team of Community Service has conducted training and mentoring as part of our collective effort to enhance the organizational capacity for addressing the needs of the community. Particularly, the UNDP's Capacity Development frameworks guided our community service, including engaging stakeholders on capacity development, assessing capacity assets and needs, developing a capacity development response, putting that response into action, and evaluating capacity development. Our service was attended by 37 individuals, including village officials, members of the village representative body, former migrant workers, migrant workers' families, and community leaders. The community service reveals that the knowledge gained as a result of the capacity building efforts was substantial, allowing village leaders in Arjowilangung and other diverse parties to draft local regulations to protect migrant workers. The service and dedication of those involved in both the mentoring and training programs have a significant impact on this, with the support and additional motivation of the village apparatus ensuring that migrant workers receive the best possible services and safety.
Effectiveness Of Fertilizer Distribution Policy For Farmers In Sumberbendo Village, Probolinggo District
Authors: Khoirril Oktavia Putri , Novita Noftarida Dina , Sari Nova Dwi Nur Kumala , Handoyo Muhammad Akbar Putra , Manggalou Singgih
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This research is motivated by the complexity of the distribution system of subsidized and non-subsidized fertilizers to farmers, this research is deemed necessary to be carried out in order to find out how the effectiveness of the distribution of subsidized and non-subsidized fertilizers to farmers or POKTAN (Kelompok Tani-Farmer Groups) through kiosk intermediaries as official agents of fertilizer distributors, especially in Sumberbendo Village, Sumberasih District, Probolinggo Regency. The theory used in this study uses Sutrisno's (2010) effectiveness theory by measuring five indicators, namely Program Understanding, Target Accuracy, Timeliness, Achievement of Goals, and Real Change. This research uses qualitative descriptive research methods. The results in this study can be concluded that the effectiveness of the Fertilizer Distribution Policy for Farmers in Sumberbendo Village, Probolinggo Regency can be said to be less effective.
Keywords: distribution policy; fertilizer; subsidies
 
Abstrak
 
Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh rumitnya sistem pendistribusian pupuk bersubsidi dan non subsidi kepada petani, penelitian ini dirasa perlu untuk dilakukan guna mengetahui bagaimana efektivitas pendistribusian pupuk bersubsidi maupun nonsubsidi kepada para petani atau POKTAN (Kelompok Tani) melalui perantara kios sebagai agen resmi penyalur pupuk khususnya di Desa Sumberbendo Kecamatan Sumberasih Kabupaten Probolinggo. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teroi efektivitas Sutrisno (2010) dengan mengukur lima indikator yakni Pemahaman Program, Ketepatan Sasaran, Ketepatan Waktu, Tercapainya Tujuan, dan Perubahan Nyata.. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil dalam penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa Efektivitas Kebijakan Distribusi Pupuk Bagi Petani di Desa Sumberbendo Kabupaten Probolinggo dapat dikatakan kurang efektif.
 
Kata kunci: evaluasi kebijakan distribusi; pupuk; subsidi
Analisis Pemenuhan Kebutuhan Sumber Informasi Kecantikan pada Generasi Z
Authors: Atmi Ragil Tri , Famiky Dheana
Published: January 2024

Informasi seputar kecantikan banyak dijadikan konten di berbagai platform media sosial, akibatnya semakin banyak informasi-informasi seputar kecantikan dijadikan panduan bagi individu untuk memenuhi kebutuhan kecantikannya, termasuk pada pengguna dari generasi Z.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran preferensi Generasi Z di kota Surabaya Indonesia dalam memenuhi kebutuhan informasi kecantikannya. Metode yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif deskriptif dan alat ukur yang digunakan melalui penyebaran kuesioner. Pemilihan responden dilakukan dengan teknik purposive sampling. Jumlah responden dalam penelitian ini adalah 400 orang yang berasal dari generasi Z di kota Surabaya. Konsep yang digunakan untuk menganalisis penelitian adalah berasal dari horizon sumber informasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa preferensi sumber informasi yang digunakan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan informasi kecantikannya adalah melalui platform media sosial, platform e-commerce, search engine, beauty store dan orang lain.
Studi Deskripsi Kerjasama Perpustakaan Universitas Kristen Maranatha dengan Forum Perpustakaan Perguruan Tinggi Indonesia (FPPTI) Wilayah Jawa Barat dalam Kegiatan Peningkatan Kualitas Pustakawan
Authors: Eza Alya  , Prijana
Published: January 2024

Libraries as non-profit institutions cannot stand alone. There needs to be collaborative activities so that they can have a positive impact on each other through various forms. This research aims to determine the activities as a form of collaboration carried out by the Maranatha Christian University Library with the Indonesian Higher Education Library Forum in the West Java region and its impact on librarians. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach method by taking primary data sources through interviews and observations, as well as secondary data sources through literature studies. The data analysis used uses data reduction, data presentation, as well as verification and drawing conclusions. The results of the research show that collaboration between university libraries and university library forums can result in 1) collaborative workshop activities to improve the quality of librarians, where in this research the focus is on research data management and visual analysis of institutional repositories 2) the opening of information networks quickly and widely through membership college library forum. The benefits of collaboration have significantly provided positive results for both parties, both the Maranatha Christian University Library and the Indonesian Higher Education Library Forum in the West Java region.
Keywords: Library Cooperation; University Libraries; Library Forums
Cancer stem cells: a target for overcoming therapeutic resistance and relapse
Authors: Zhang Shuo , Yang Rui , Ouyang Yujie , Shen Yang , Hu Lanlin , Xu Chuan
Published: January 2024

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a small subset of cells in cancers that are thought to initiate tumorous transformation and promote metastasis, recurrence, and resistance to treatment. Growing evidence has revealed the existence of CSCs in various types of cancers and suggested that CSCs differentiate into diverse lineage cells that contribute to tumor progression. We may be able to overcome the limitations of cancer treatment with a comprehensive understanding of the biological features and mechanisms underlying therapeutic resistance in CSCs. This review provides an overview of the properties, biomarkers, and mechanisms of resistance shown by CSCs. Recent findings on metabolic features, especially fatty acid metabolism and ferroptosis in CSCs, are highlighted, along with promising targeting strategies. Targeting CSCs is a potential treatment plan to conquer cancer and prevent resistance and relapse in cancer treatment.
Manobras iniciais de primeiros socorros: produto educacional para professores da Educação Básica
Authors: Damaceno Gisele Aparecida , Cordeiro Júnior Dirceu Antônio
Published: January 2024

O presente estudo teve o objetivo de desenvolver, aplicar e avaliar uma cartilha eletrônica, direcionada aos professores da Educação Básica, contendo orientações, ilustrações e vídeos demonstrativos de manobras e procedimentos básicos de primeiros socorros. O intuito é melhorar as condições para o cumprimento adequado da Lei Lucas. Foram aplicados questionários de sondagem e de avaliação. Trata-se de uma pesquisa do tipo aplicada, de natureza descritiva e qualitativa. Durante o desenvolvimento do trabalho, também foi elaborado um plano de curso de capacitação sobre o tema. O material foi previamente apresentado a profissionais da saúde, para avaliação, críticas e sugestões.  Após o estudo, evidenciou-se que o produto teve um efeito positivo em relação aos conhecimentos básicos dos professores sobre primeiros socorros e também foi perceptível a maior compreensão sobre a importância dos procedimentos inicias e a melhoria em relação à segurança de se executar as manobras.
Implementasi Pembelajaran PAI Melalui Pendekatan Saintifik di SMK Batik Sakti 1 Kebumen
Authors: Fauziah Muna , Miftahurrohmah Miftahurrohmah , Khofifah Fajriyati , Filaeni Heni , Wulan Rizki Nawan
Published: January 2024

Pendidikan akhlak menjadi hal penting dalam menghadapi era digital melalui pengemasan pembelajaran sesuai dengan tuntutan kurikulum 2013. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis implementasi pembelajaran pendidikan agama islam melalui pendekatan saintifik di Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan Batik Sakti 1 Kebumen. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Subjek penelitian ini yaitu siswa Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan Batik sakti 1 Kebumen yang ditentukan dengan Teknik purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Adapun analisis data menggunakan analisis interaktif dengan tahap reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi pembelajaran pendidikan agama islam dengan pendekatan saintifik dilakukan dengan tiga tahap, yaitu kegiatan pendahuluan (memberi salam, mengecek kehadiran siswa, mereview pembelajaran sebelumnya, memotivasi siswa, dan melakukan apersepsi); kegiatan inti dilakukan dengan menerapkan setiap langkah pendekatan saintifik (mengamati, menanya, mencoba, menalar, dan mengkomunikasikan); serta kegiatan penutup (melakukan posttest, membuat kesimpulan pembelajaran, memberikan reward kepada siswa, memberikan tugas, dan berdoa bersama). Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa proses pembelajaran pendidikan agama islam dilalui dengan pendekatan saintifik yang memenuhi semua tahapannya.
Program Influence Analysis Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka (MBKM) towards improving the concrete field experience of PGSD Kebumen Students
Authors: Marwantoro Teguh , Sagita Desky Arma , Mentari Agustina Puspa , Wijayanti Murwani Dewi
Published: January 2024

Tranformasi dunia pendidikan Indonesia semakin berkembang, dengan seiring dibuatnya beberapa program pemerintah yang salah satunya, yakni program kampus merdeka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh Program Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka (MBKM) terhadap peningkatan pengalaman konkret lapangan Mahasiswa PGSD Kebumen. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penulisan artikel adalah metode kuantitatif. Kemudian, sample yang digunakan, yaitu mahasiswa aktif semester 5 dan 7 PGSD Kebumen tahun 2023. Untuk teknik pengambilan sample menggunakan teknik quota sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yakni, dengan cara penyebaran kuesioner online. Teknik analisis data menggunakan metode analisis data deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan mahasiswa MBKM memiliki kemampuan manajemen kelas tidak berbeda jauh dengan kelas reguler dan memiliki pengalaman lebih tinggi mengenai praktik konkret dibandingkan dengan kelas reguler. Maka, program MBKM dapat dijadikan salah satu upaya dalam peningkatan kualitas pendidikan di Indonesia, berdasarkan hasil penelitian penulis menyimpulkan bahwa Program MBKM dapat mengembangkan soft skill, meningkatkan hard skill, relevansi kebutuhan mahasiswa dengan dunia kerja, dan adanya kesempatan untuk menambah pengetahuan serta pengalaman baru.
Pelatihan Implementasi Pembelajaran Berdiferensiasi bagi Guru Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Wahyudi Achmad Basari Eko , Suhartono Suhartono , Ngatman Ngatman , Wahyono Wahyono , Susiani Tri Saptuti , Salimi Moh , Hidayah Ratna
Published: January 2024

Setiap murid itu memiliki keunikan dan karakteristik yang berbeda, guru seharusya mampu memfasilitasi setiap murid sesuai dengan kebutuhan belajarnya yang beragam. Tujuan pengabdian ini adalah: 1) mendeskripsikan pelaksanaan pendampingan pembelajaran  berdiferensiasi di sekolah dasar, dan 2) mendeskripsikan profil kemampuan guru implementasi pembelajaran berdiferensiasi di sekolah dasar. Pengabdian ini dirancang untuk memberikan pelatihan kepada 99 orang kepala sekolah dan guru SD di wilayah Kecamatan Pejagoan untuk merancang, melaksakan, dan mengevaluasi dalam pembelajaran berdiferensiasi. Pengabdian ini berjalan lancar dengan berbagai kegiatan meliputi: diskusi penguatan kemitraan, pelatihan penyusunan perangkat pembelajaran berdiferensiasi, praktik peerteaching pembelajaran berdiferensiasi, serta diskusi evaluasi dan tindaklanjut. Selain itu kompetensi guru dalam pembelajaran diferensiasi mengalami perkembangan dilihat dari sisi diferensiasi konten, diferensiasi proses dan diferensiasi produk.  
Kompetensi Manajerial Kepala Madrasah Perempuan: Studi Kurikulum Operasional Madrasah Ibtidaiyyah di Kabupaten Kebumen
Authors: Najitama Fikria , Nurhidayah Nurhidayah , Komara Endang , Ghoer Hilman Farouq , Choeriyah N. Dede
Published: January 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan kompetensi manajerial Kepala Madrasah perempuan di Kabupaten Kebumen. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi, wawancara terbuka dan tertutup serta dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kepala perempuan pada Madrasah swasta dan negeri di kabupaten Kebumen memiliki kemampuan manajerial yang cukup bagus, mulai dari perencanaan, pengorganisasian, pelaksanaan, dan evaluasi. Kepala satuan pendidikan memiliki kemauan untuk terus belajar dan mengembangkan kompetensinya sebagai pemimpin dalam meningkatkan mutu pembelajaran melalui berbagai pelatihan dan komunitas belajar. Kesimpulan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kompetensi manajerial kepala madrasah perempuan di Kabupaten Kebumen cukup bagus dengan dibuktikan dengan dokumentasi dan program madrasah mulai perencanaan kurikulum madrasah yang melibatkan semua warga madrasah mulai dari planning, organizing, actuating dan controlling.
Disciplinary Boundaries and Methodological Issues of Teaching Geopolitics in Turkey
Authors: SAVAŞ Cem
Published: January 2024

This study aims to present a critical portrayal of teaching geopolitics at Turkish universities by assessing both undergraduate and graduate levels of Political Science and International Relations (IR) curricula. Geopolitical analysis has gone through several phases and traditions by conceiving space as a crucial element for representing world politics. In addition to interstate rivalries, geopolitics also refers to many conflicts and rivalries within an intrastate framework in the context of multiple territorial scales. While geopolitics seems to be falsely perceived as something equal to a state-centric and hard realist academic subfield under a strong military tutelage in Turkey, it lacks a broad multi-level analysis, as well as geographical and historical reasoning. In this study, I propose to consider cartography, territoriality, and geopolitical representations, which form the basis of contemporary geopolitical analysis. The article evaluates weekly schedules, learning outcomes, content, and objectives of the courses available on the European Credit Transfer and Accumulation System (ECTS) information packages on university websites. Based on a qualitative case study, it eventually aims to improve the methodological character of geopolitics teaching, indirectly influencing the level and quality of geopolitics in Turkey.
Estudio patológico empleando ensayos de ultrasonido aplicado a estructuras en construcción
Authors: Ergueta Gustavo , Quino Milton
Published: January 2024

El estudio discute los resultados de la evaluación de estructuras de hormigón armado utilizando ensayos no destructivos (END) basados en la velocidad de pulso ultrasónico (VPU) con el objetivo de determinar la integridad y uniformidad del hormigón, así como detectar posibles anomalías causadas durante la construcción o por factores externos. Los resultados mostraron la distribución de daños en una estructura afectada por el fuego, la medición de la profundidad de fisuración en un elemento de hormigón y la uniformidad en diferentes componentes estructurales, que posteriormente permitieron elaborar el procedimiento de rehabilitación estructural correspondiente. El estudio demuestra la eficacia de los END y la VPU en la evaluación de estructuras de hormigón armado, permitiendo tomar decisiones inmediatas de reparación y rehabilitación.
Unusual metastatic microcalcification in an IgG4-related disease detected by Tc-99m MDP SPECT/CT：a case report
Authors: Dong Rui-Xue , Jin Jian-Hua
Published: January 2024

Background
IgG4-related disease (IgG4RD) is a systemic disease affects nearly every organ. More than 90% of hypercalcemia is caused by primary hyperparathyroidism or malignancy, and rarely by IgG4RD.
Case presentation
A 60-year-old Chinese male was admitted urgently to the hospital with hypercalcemia and renal insufficiency. Tc-99m Methylene diphosphonate single photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (Tc-99m MDP SPECT/CT) images showed a significantly increased uptake of tracer in the stomach and lung. After tracheoscopy, lymph node and renal biopsy,the final diagnosis of this case was IgG4RD. The patient's condition improved significantly after treatment with methylprednisolone, and renal function and blood calcium returned to normal.
Conclusions
IgG4RD combined with hypercalcemia is rare. For patients with renal insufficiency of unknown etiology with hypercalcemia, we should consider the possibility of IgG4RD on the basis of excluding primary hyperparathyroidism and tumor.Tc-99m MDP SPECT/CT examination can be timely detected metastatic calcification and contribute to appropriate treatment.
Incidental Finding of Thyroglossal Duct Cyst in A Neonate During Endotracheal Intubation: A Case Report
Authors: Trovalusci Emanuele , Pizzolon Carlo , Tesser Silvia , Doratiotto Stefano , Gobbi Dalia , Midrio Paola
Published: January 2024

Background
Thyroglossal Duct Cyst (TDC) is a common lesion of the midline neck, originating from an incomplete involution of the thyroglossal duct. It is typically observed in pre-scholar patients and surgery is the treatment of choice to prevent infections. Here reported a case of incidental diagnosis in a newborn patient.
Case presentation:
a 3-week-old male baby was admitted to our hospital for weight loss and projectile vomits after breastfeeding. After a diagnosis of hypertrophic pyloric stenosis, the baby underwent pyloromyotomy. During the endotracheal tube placement, the anesthetist noticed the presence of a midline neck mass. The suspect of TDC was confirmed by an intraoperative ultrasound, so, despite the age of the patient, we proceeded with the excision of the lesion according to Sistrunk’s procedure to avoid future complications and anesthesia.
Conclusions
even if TDC is a common lesion of pediatric patients, no neonatal cases were ever described in the literature. An accurate physical examination and ultrasound are essential diagnostic tools to distinguish TDC from other middle neck lesions, particularly ectopic thyroidal tissue. Sistrunk’s procedure is the most effective surgical approach. When diagnosis is made in a newborn, we suggest postponing surgery, unless the baby requires general anesthesia for other surgical procedures, such as in our case.
Glioma stem cells deliver ABCB4 transcribed by ATF3 via exosomes conferring glioma resistance to temozolomide
Authors: Ke Yiquan , Xu Xiangdong , Zheng Yaofeng , Luo Linting , You Zhongsheng , Chen Huajian , Wang Jihui , Zhang Fabing , Liu Yang
Published: January 2024

Glioma stem cells (GSCs) play a key role in glioma resistance to temozolomide (TMZ) chemotherapy. With the gradual increase in research on the tumor microenvironment, exosomes secreted by GSCs have become a new focus in glioma research. However, the molecular mechanism by which GSCs affect drug resistance in glioma cells via exosomes remains unclear. Using bioinformatics analysis, we identified the specific expression of ABCB4 in GSCs. Subsequently, we established GSC cell lines and used ultracentrifugation to extract secreted exosomes. We conducted in vitro and in vivo investigations to validate the promoting effect of ABCB4- and ABCB4-containing exosomes on TMZ resistance. Finally, to identify the transcription factors regulating the transcription of ABCB4, we performed luciferase assays and chromatin immunoprecipitation-quantitative PCR. Our results indicated that ABCB4 is highly expressed in GSCs. Moreover, high expression of ABCB4 promoted the resistance of GSCs to TMZ. Our study found that GSCs can also transmit their highly expressed ABCB4 to differentiated glioma cells through exosomes, leading to high expression of ABCB4 in these cells and promoting their resistance to TMZ. Mechanistic studies have shown that the overexpression of ABCB4 in GSCs is mediated by the transcription factor ATF3. In conclusion, our results indicate that GSCs can confer resistance to TMZ in gliomas by transmitting ABCB4, which is transcribed by ATF3, through exosomes. This mechanism may lead to drug resistance and recurrence of glioma. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the mechanisms underlying drug resistance in glioma and provide novel insights into its treatment.
A modified method for urology residents to replace ureteral stent after previous failure in patients with middle or lower ureteral lesions
Authors: Wu Ronghua , Chang Pengkang , Fu Weihua , Xiao Ya , Chen Wei , Yi Shanhong , Zheng Ji , Song Yajun
Published: January 2024

Objective
To investigate the safety and reliability of ureteral stent replacement by urology residents using a safety wire in patients with previous failure in the outpatient department.
Methods
Thirty-eight patients who needed regular ureteral stent replacement in the outpatient department from January 2020 to April 2023 were enrolled, they all underwent at least once failure in previous replacement, and were randomly divided into experimental group (n = 20) and control group (n = 18). In the experimental group, ureteral stent replacement was performed by indwelling safety guide wire in the original stent, while in the control group, the stent was replaced by the indwelling guide wire after completely pulling out the original stent. According to the duty schedule, four urology residents with similar cystoscopy operating skills were randomly assigned to perform stent replacement in the outpatient department. For cases that the replacement failed, the superior physician performed the operation under intraspinal anesthesia
Results
In the experimental group, all 20 patients (69 times) accepted successful ureteral stent replacement by the residents, and there were no adverse reactions such as low back pain observed. In the control group, 4 (7 times) out of 18 patients (61 times) failed the replacement by the residents before superior physician performed the operation under intraspinal anesthesia.
Conclusion
Ureteral stents can be successfully replaced by indwelling safety wire in patients with middle or lower ureteral lesions, or follicular trigone of bladder. The procedure is minimally invasive and easy to learn for the residents. Moreover, This method is safe and less costly for the patients
TM4SF19 is a prognostic marker associated with immune invasion of bladder urothelial carcinoma
Authors: Liu Yunbo , Wang Shufei , Wang Kongjia , Li Yanjiang
Published: January 2024

Background
Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma (BLCA) is a common urological cancer with significant morbidity and mortality. Thus, there is a need to discover novel biodiagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic markers. The four-transmembrane L6 superfamily, which includes TM4SF19, has been implicated in cancer progression, but TM4SF19's role in BLCA remains unexplored.
Method
TM4SF19 expression was analyzed using data from TCGA databases. The cancer-promoting mechanism of TM4SF19 in BLCA was investigated by differential expression analysis, pathway enrichment analysis, immune infiltration analysis, and correlation analysis. The prognostic analysis of TM4SF19 in the TCGA-BLCA database was carried out to study its prognostic value. The mRNA expression of TM4SF19 was verified in bladder cancer cell lines and 30 peripheral blood samples of BLCA patients. The diagnostic value of TM4SF19 in the blood of BLCA patients was verified by receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis.
Results
TM4SF19 was found to be significantly overexpressed in BLCA cell lines, tumor tissue, and peripheral blood samples. ROC analysis indicated that TM4SF19 has diagnostic potential for BLCA patients. TM4SF19 expression was associated with immune cell infiltration, suggesting its impact on the tumor microenvironment. High TM4SF19 expression correlated with poor clinicopathological features and significantly reduced overall survival.
Conclusion
The upregulation of TM4SF19 has been observed to be correlated with the advancement of the disease and unfavorable prognosis. TM4SF19 is promised as a biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of BLCA patients, especially in peripheral blood testing.
Pectin in the reversal of uremia in renal failure
Authors: Hang Ren
Published: January 2024

The author found that pectin with a purity(the content of Gal-A (galacturonic acid)) greater than 98% has a certain therapeutic effect on patients with chronic kidney disease, especially those with renal failure and uremia. We will show the relevant results that can support the above findings through animal experiments and clinical trials respectively. We are surprised that not only can it rapidly reduce and maintain serum creatinine levels for a period of time, allowing patients to stop dialysis and stay away from dialysis, but also has amazing performance in reversing glomerular filtration rate and improving kidney size. This technology provides a new method to replace dialysis or kidney replacement therapy for patients with renal failure / uremia in the past.
Parents’ perceptions of the Safe Environment for Every Kid (SEEK) model in the Swedish Child Health services
Authors: Golsäter Marie , Randell Eva , Engström Maria , Lucas Steven
Published: January 2024

Background
The Safe Environment for Every Kid (SEEK) model was developed to address psychosocial risk factors (financial worries, depressive symptoms, major parental stress, alcohol misuse and intimate partner violence) in the pediatric primary care setting but has not been evaluated from the parents’ perspective. To further investigate the usefulness of SEEK, it is important to explore how parents perceive the model.
Objective
The aim of the present study was to explore parents’ perceptions of the SEEK model as a part of regular health visits in the Child Health Services (CHS) in Sweden.
Participants and Setting:
Eighteen parents (13 women and five men) in two Swedish counties participated in the study.
Methods
Semi-structured telephone interviews were conducted and the resulting data were analyzed using reflective thematic analysis.
Results
Three themes were identified: Acceptance and understanding of the SEEK-model in the child health services, The questionnaire as a bridge to a dialogue and Feeling trust in the system and the child health nurse’s professional competence. Further, an overarching theme was created that encompassed a core meaning of all three themes; SEEK provides a process-oriented framework to receive support in parenting with a focus on child health.
Conclusions
The study showed that parents express both acceptance and understanding of the SEEK model and they perceive that the model provides an avenue for repeated dialogues about the family’s situation during the child’s upbringing and an opportunity to access support if needed.
A machine learning-based recommendation framework for material extrusion fabricated triply periodic minimal surface lattice structures
Authors: Hussain Sajjad , Lee Carman , Tsang Yung Po , Waqar Saad
Published: January 2024

Triply Periodic Minimal Surface (TPMS) lattice structures are utilized in diverse fields such as engineering, material design, and biomedical. The use of appropriate TPMS lattice structures in 3D printing can obtain benefits in terms of production efficiency and material reduction towards a greener 3D printing process. However, there is a lack of an automated solution to suggest the appropriate TPMS lattice structure parameters, such that unnecessary material wastage cannot be neglected in the existing practices. To address the above challenges, this study proposes a machine learning-based recommendation framework for generating the TPMS lattice structures based on the engineering requirements. First, we compiled a dataset by producing 144 samples via the material extrusion (ME) technique and conducted compression tests on four TPMS lattice structures (Diamond, Gyroid, Schwarz, and split-P), each with varying parameters, fabricated using Polylactic acid (PLA) material. Second, we train four machine learning algorithms (K-Nearest Neighbors, Decision Tree, Random Forest, and Bayesian Regression) on this dataset to predict TPMS lattice structure (unit cell type, unit cell size, and wall thickness). Extensive experiments assess algorithm performance using R-squared values and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) as evaluation measures. Our results indicate that the Random Forest and Decision Tree algorithms perform best, achieving R-squared scores of 0.9694 and 0.9689, along with RMSE values of 0.1180 and 0.0795, respectively. This work not only advances the field's understanding of automated selection for TPMS lattice structures but also holds noteworthy implications for eco-design and eco-innovation, particularly in the realm of sustainable and efficient green 3D printing applications.
Role of Donor-Derived Cell-Free DNA In Predicting Short-Term Allograft Health In Liver Transplant Recipients
Authors: JANA KOUSTAV , Rammohan Ashwin , Ramani Avinash , Gunasekaran Bhavani , Vij Mukul , Ramamoorthi Maharani , Jayakanthan Nivethitha , Kaliamoorthy Ilankumaran , Ramani Agragesh , Rela Mohamed
Published: January 2024

Background Predicting allograft dysfunction prior to clinical or biochemical evidence remains one of the challenges in transplantation, and a preclinical detection and early management of its cause allows for improved post-transplant outcomes.Donor derived cell-free DNA has been proposed as an important biomarker of allograft injury and has shown to predict dysfunction prior to any biochemical derangements. We aimed to investigate the diagnostic performance of ddcfDNA in detecting and differentiating the causes of early pre-biochemical detection of graft injury and in predicting short-term outcomes of graft health using a patented protocol and proprietary set of single nucleotide polymorphisms.Methods Blood samples were collected on defined postoperative days and were analysed through relatively economical patented protocol(Trunome™).Biopsy, biochemical tests, and clinical criteria were analysed between various subgroups.Results Of a total 50 patients, percentage ddcfDNA levels were significantly elevated in the rejection group(n = 8) as compared to the non-rejection group(n = 42; median elevation 12.8%vs4.3% respectively) with a significant correlation(r = 0.92,p < 0.0001).AUC-ROC analysis revealed that %ddcfDNA levels can predict graft health more precisely when compared to conventional liver function tests (AUC for %ddcfDNA,AST and ALT are 0.86(p < 0.001),0.65(p = 0.08) and 0.75(p < 0.01) respectively).Moreover, %ddcfDNA levels(with a threshold > 10.2%) on post-operative day7 accurately predicted short-term(3-months) health status of the graft with 93.33% sensitivity,94.44% specificity,87.50% positive predictive value,97.14% negative predictive value and 94.12% accuracy.Conclusion A single time point ddcfDNA on POD 7 accurately predicts graft health and improves risk stratification in the short-term. Personalized clinical management based on serial ddcfDNA assay will enable a tailored therapeutic regimen prior to actual clinical or biochemical event.
The analysis of different types of anorectal abscesses was conducted using the MRI 3D reconstruction technique
Authors: Ma Xutao , Li Yikun , Xu Siming , Wang Bo , Wang Chen
Published: January 2024

It has not yet been proven whether sepsis affects the tissue around the anal canal. To address this issue, we established three-dimensional models for various types of anorectal abscesses and utilize 3D reconstruction of Magnetic Resonance Imaging scans to assess the extent of muscle damage caused by anorectal abscesses. Patients diagnosed with anorectal abscess, selected from January 2019 to January 2022 underwent pre- and post-operative scanning of pelvic floor and perianal tissues. The aforementioned structures were segmented for the reconstruction of a three-dimensional visual model and measurement of volumes for the abscess as well as the internal and external sphincters and levator ani muscle. The study included a total of 42 patients. Three-dimensional visualization models were created for different types of anorectal abscesses, including perianal, intersphincteric, ischiorectal, and supralevator abscesses. No statistically significant differences were observed in the volume of the internal sphincter, external sphincter, and levator ani muscle between pre- and post-operative patients. The 3D model of anorectal abscess, reconstructed from MRI data, offers a precise and direct visualization of the anatomical structures associated with various types of anorectal abscesses. The infection did not result in any damage to the internal and external anal sphincter and levator ani muscle.
Utilization of a national database to characterize renal function in patients admitted with COVID19 infection
Authors: Nelson Nicholas R. , Farina Nicholas , Rhoney Denise H.
Published: January 2024

Purpose
Acute kidney injury (AKI) and augmented renal clearance (ARC) have been documented in patients with COVID19 but the incidence and outcomes related to drug therapy of each alteration are unknown. This study sought to determine the incidence of AKI or ARC in patients hospitalized with COVID19 and identify risk factors for each.
Methods
This was a retrospective, observational cohort analysis of adults within the National COVID Cohort Collaborative database hospitalized between 1 January 2020 and 9 April 2022 with laboratory confirmed COVID19 and available data to calculate creatinine clearance using the Cockcroft-Gault equation. Patients were excluded for pregnancy, BMI < 18kg/m2, and history of end-stage renal disease or nephrectomy. Renal function characteristics and outcomes were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Mann-Whitney-U tests. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to identify risk factors.
Results
20,406 patients met inclusion criteria and 15,608 were included for analysis where 20.9% experienced AKI and 34.8% exhibited ARC. From 11,274 patients included in logistic regression analysis height and White race were associated with decreased risk of AKI while male sex and diabetes were associated with increased risk. Male sex, Black race, and hypertension were associated with decreased risk of ARC. Age was associated with decreased risk of either alteration while weight and Hispanic ethnicity increased risk.
Conclusion
A significant proportion of COVID19 hospitalized patients exhibit renal alterations. These results provide initial evidence of identifying patients at risk of AKI or ARC, but more research is needed, especially with respect to use of biomarkers for renal alteration risk stratification.
Impact of fluorosis on the oral health-related quality of life: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Authors: Montanher Paula Lanza , Velasco Sofia Maito , Montanher Renan Canale Peres , Souza Thais Moraes , Peralta-Mamani Mariela , Bastos José Roberto Magalhães , Honório Heitor Marques , Bastos Roosevelt Silva
Published: January 2024

Objective.The aim of this systematic review is to investigate the literature to assess the effect of fluorosis on the Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL).
Materials and methods. Included studies were epidemiological investigations, clinical trials, or human studies that directly compared the impact on OHRQoL between individuals with fluorosis and those without, utilizing valid OHRQoL assessment tools. The searches were conducted up to September 2023 in databases, including PubMed, Scielo, LILACS, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and the Virtual Health Library. Additionally, gray literature sources such as Google Scholar, OpenGrey, Ibict/BDTD, and ProQuest were searched. Reference lists were also manually reviewed for potential eligible studies. The risk of bias in cohort studies was assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS), while its modified version was employed for cross-sectional studies. A meta-analysis was performed using the random-effects model in R Statistical Software with a significance level of p<0.05.
Results.Out of the 16 included studies, four were suitable for meta-analysis. In total, 16,314 participants, aged 8 to 18, were assessed across the studies. The analysis of the CPQ 8-10 instrument indicated no significant impact (p-value = 0.14). For the CPQ 11-14 the quantitative analysis suggested no significant impact on OHRQoL (p-value = 0.51). Limitations in the included studies primarily pertained to cross-sectional designs, with significant issues such as the absence of sample size calculations, lack of non-response rate reporting, limited consideration of confounding factors, and substantial heterogeneity stemming from diverse diagnostic methods and assessment tools.
Conclusion.The overall findings indicated that mild dental fluorosis did not adversely affect the OHRQoL of the studied populations.
Clinical relevance. Dental caries preventive fluoridated measures might be indicated even if there would be a risk for mild dental fluorosis as the fluoridated public water.
Trial registration. This systematic review was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) under number: CRD42020186552.
Geographical weighted regression analysis of hotspots of acute respiratory infection and its associated factors among under- five children in Ethiopia, spatial and multilevel analysis
Authors: Chekol Yazachew Moges , Tessema Lewegneh Wegayehu , Tesfie Tigabu Kidie , Tebeje Tsion Mulat , Gelaw Negalegn Byadgie , Argaw Girum Shibeshi
Published: January 2024

Background
Acute respiratory infections are among the most common childhood infections and continue to be a major public health concern worldwide. The prevalence of acute respiratory infection among children under the age of 5 years varies by geographic area, and previous studies have failed to indicate geographical variation in Ethiopia. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the geographic variation in Ethiopia using spatial analysis.
Methods
Using the 2016 EDHS, a total sample of 10,417 women were included in this study. Analysis was performed using STATA-17, Arc-GIS-10.8, and SaTScan-9.6. Multilevel analyses were employed because of the hierarchical nature of DHS data. Variables with a p-value < 0.25 at the bi-variable analysis were entered into the final model analysis and p-values < 0.05 were used to declare statistical significance. Ordinary least squares and geographic weighted regression were employed to explore the spatial relationship between the outcome and determinant variables. The model with the lowest corrected Akaike Information Criteria (AICc) value was considered as the best-fit model for the data.
Results
The prevalence of acute respiratory infection among children < 5 years in Ethiopia was 12.29% (95% CI = 11.68–12.94%). Most of the hotspot areas were located in Tigray, central Oromia, eastern SNNPR, and southern Amhara. The proportion of rural women, children with diarrhea, Muslims, women with no education, low media exposure, and the poorest women were significant predictors of hotspot areas in the spatial analysis. In the multilevel analysis, secondary education (AOR = 0.60, 95% CI = 0.40–0.90), child age 24–35 months (AOR = 0.74, 95% CI = 0.58–0.94), child age 48–59 months (AOR = 0.61, 95% CI = 0.46–0.79), recent diarrhea (AOR = 4.78, 95% CI = 3.99–5.70), Afar (AOR = 0.46, 95% CI = 0.27–0.79), Amhara (AOR = 0.57, 95% CI = 0.38–0.86), Benishangul (AOR = 0.13, 95% CI = 0.07–0.24), and SNNP (AOR = 0.54, 95% CI = 0.34–0.87) were significantly associated with acute respiratory infection.
Conclusion and recommendation:
Acute respiratory infections remain a major public health problem in Ethiopia. Age of the child, recent diarrhea, maternal education, and region were significant variables associated with acute respiratory infection. The government of Ethiopia must assess and evaluate the current acute respiratory infection prevention strategies and develop geographically targeted strategies.
Gender differences in the relationship between glycemic control and muscle mass in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus：A cross-sectional study
Authors: jintao Wang , Hu Jian , Chen Faxiu , Huang Tianjin , Li Chen , Chen Yuting , Li Jiming , Ma Qian
Published: January 2024

Background The presence of sarcopenia is significantly correlated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Persistent hyperglycemia and fluctuations in blood glucose levels can have an impact on the muscle mass. So far, no research has assessed potential gender disparities in the relationship between glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels and muscle mass. Therefore, we set out to explore the association between HbA1c levels and muscle mass among T2DM patients. Methods This was a cross-sectional study involving 267 elderly hospitalized T2DM patients who were examined by dual-energy X-rays to obtain their muscle mass. They were divided by gender into male and female groups as well as by the appendicular skeletal muscle mass index into "normal muscle mass" or "low muscle mass". Results There was a linear correlation between HbA1c and muscle mass in men. HbA1c was significantly associated with low muscle mass, even after adjusted for age, BMI, nephropathy, retinopathy, peripheral neuropathy, hypertension, fasting glucose level, FT3, and TyG index (OR: 1.511 [95%CI: 1.052–2.171], p = 0.026). When HbA1c levels were further disaggregated, multiple regression analyses showed adverse effects on muscle mass when HbA1c was > 7% in men (7%< HbA1c < 8%, OR = 5.78 [95%CI: 1.024–32.596], p = 0.047; HbA1c > 8%, OR = 9.45 [95%CI: 1.978–45.105], p = 0.005). However, no association between HbA1c and muscle mass was observed among females. Conclusion High HbA1c levels were linked with low muscle mass in older men with T2DM, but not among women. It is imperative to achieve optimal glycemic control in clinical practice to mitigate the potential of low muscle mass, especially among older men with T2DM.
COVID-19 severity in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia treated with venetoclax: a single-center observational cohort study
Authors: Thau Sophie , Poulsen Christian Bjørn , Brieghel Christian , Larsen Morten Kranker , Wiese Lothar , Nielsen Xiaohui Chen , Pedersen Lars Møller
Published: January 2024

Patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) are at high risk of developing severe COVID-19. The present study was undertaken to elucidate COVID-19 related morbidity and mortality in CLL patients treated with venetoclax. We present a single-center study of 108 patients with small lymphocytic lymphoma or CLL treated with venetoclax. Primary outcome was 30-day COVID-19 mortality. Secondary outcomes included COVID-19 severity and hospitalization rate. Forty-eight (44%) patients had PCR-verified SARS-COV-2 between March 2020 and January 2023. Thirty-six patients (75%) presented with asymptomatic/mild COVID-19 and 12 (25%) with severe/critical disease. The hospitalization rate was 46% with a 30-day mortality rate of only 4% and severe comorbidities as the primary cause of death. There was no significant difference in mortality when compared to venetoclax-naïve CLL patients (n = 90) from our single-center cohort with proven COVID-19. COVID-19 severity and mortality were similar before and during the Omicron era. High CIRS-scores (P < 0.02) and thrombocytopenia (P < 0.01) were more frequent in patients with severe/critical disease. In real-world data, most venetoclax treated patients presented with mild COVID-19. Hospitalization and mortality rates were low compared to data of general CLL populations. Our data indicate that venetoclax was a safe treatment option for CLL patients during the pandemic.