bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The dwarf galaxy satellite system of Centaurus A
Authors: Müller Oliver , Rejkuba Marina , Pawlowski Marcel S. , Ibata Rodrigo , Lelli Federico , Hilker Michael , Jerjen Helmut
Published: July 2019

Dwarf galaxy satellite systems are essential probes to test models of structure formation, making it necessary to establish a census of dwarf galaxies outside of our own Local Group. We present deep FORS2 VI band images from the ESO Very Large Telescope (VLT) for 15 dwarf galaxy candidates in the Centaurus group of galaxies. We confirm nine dwarfs to be members of Cen A by measuring their distances using a Bayesian approach to determine the tip of the red giant branch luminosity. We have also fit theoretical isochrones to measure their mean metallicities. The properties of the new dwarfs are similar to those in the Local Group in terms of their sizes, luminosities, and mean metallicities. Within our photometric precision, there is no evidence of a metallicity spread, but we do observe possible extended star formation in several galaxies, as evidenced by a population of asymptotic giant branch stars brighter than the red giant branch tip. The new dwarfs do not show any signs of tidal disruption. Together with the recently reported dwarf galaxies by the complementary PISCeS survey, we study the luminosity function and 3D structure of the group. By comparing the observed luminosity function to the high-resolution cosmological simulation IllustrisTNG, we find agreement within a 90% confidence interval. However, Cen A seems to be missing its brightest satellites and has an overabundance of the faintest dwarfs in comparison to its simulated analogs. In terms of the overall 3D distribution of the observed satellites, we find that the whole structure is flattened along the line-of-sight, with a root-mean-square (rms) height of 130 kpc and an rms semi-major axis length of 330 kpc. Future distance measurements of the remaining dwarf galaxy candidates are needed to complete the census of dwarf galaxies in the Centaurus group.
Revealing the nature of central emission nebulae in the dwarf galaxy NGC 185
Authors: Vučetić M. M. , Ilić D. , Egorov O. V. , Moiseev A. , Onić D. , Pannuti T. G. , Arbutina B. , Petrov N. , Urošević D.
Published: July 2019

Aims. In this paper we present new optical observations of the galaxy NGC 185 intended to reveal the status of supernova remnants (SNRs) in this dwarf companion of the Andromeda galaxy. Previously, it was reported that this galaxy hosts one SNR.

Methods. Our deep photometric study with the 2m telescope at Rozhen National Astronomical Observatory using narrow-band Hα and [S II] filters revealed complex structure of the interstellar medium in the center of the galaxy. To confirm the classification and to study the kinematics of the detected nebulae, we carried out spectroscopic observations using the SCORPIO multi-mode spectrograph at the 6m telescope at the Special Astrophysical Observatory of the Russian Academy of Science, both in low- and high-resolution modes. We also searched the archival X-ray and radio data for counterparts of the candidate SNRs identified by our optical observations.

Results. Our observations imply the presence of one more SNR, one possible H II region previously cataloged as part of an SNR, and the presence of an additional source of shock ionization in one low-brightness planetary nebula. We detected enhanced [S II]/Hα and [N II]/Hα line ratios, as well as relatively high (up to 90 km s−1) expansion velocities of the two observed nebulae, motivating their classification as SNRs (with diameters of 45 pc and 50 pc), confirmed by both photometric and spectral observations. The estimated electron density of emission nebulae is 30–200 cm−3. Archival XMM-Newton observations indicate the presence of an extended, low-brightness, soft source in projection of one of the optical SNRs, whereas the archival VLA radio image shows weak, unresolved emission in the center of NGC 185.
An ALMA+ACA measurement of the shock in the Bullet Cluster
Authors: Di Mascolo Luca , Mroczkowski Tony , Churazov Eugene , Markevitch Maxim , Basu Kaustuv , Clarke Tracy E. , Devlin Mark , Mason Brian S. , Randall Scott W. , Reese Erik D. , Sunyaev Rashid , Wik Daniel R.
Published: July 2019

Context. The thermal Sunyaev-Zeldovich (SZ) effect presents a relatively new tool for characterizing galaxy cluster merger shocks, traditionally studied through X-ray observations. Widely regarded as the “textbook example” of a cluster merger bow shock, the western, most-prominent shock front in the Bullet Cluster (1E0657-56) represents the ideal test case for such an SZ study.

Aims. We aim to characterize the shock properties using deep, high-resolution interferometric SZ effect observations in combination with priors from an independent X-ray analysis.

Methods. Our analysis technique relies on the reconstruction of a parametric model for the SZ signal by directly and jointly fitting data from the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) and Atacama Compact Array (ACA) in Fourier space.

Results. The ALMA+ACA data are primarily sensitive to the electron pressure difference across the shock front. To estimate the shock Mach number ℳ, this difference can be combined with the value for the upstream electron pressure derived from an independent Chandra X-ray analysis. In the case of instantaneous electron-ion temperature equilibration, we find ℳ = 2.08−0.12+0.12, in   ≈  2.4σ tension with the independent constraint from Chandra, MX = 2.74 ± 0.25. The assumption of purely adiabatic electron temperature change across the shock leads to ℳ = 2.53−0.25+0.33, in better agreement with the X-ray estimate ℳX = 2.57 ± 0.23 derived for the same heating scenario.

Conclusion. We have demonstrated that interferometric observations of the thermal SZ effect provide constraints on the properties of the shock in the Bullet Cluster that are highly complementary to X-ray observations. The combination of X-ray and SZ data yields a powerful probe of the shock properties, capable of measuring ℳ and addressing the question of electron-ion equilibration in cluster shocks. Our analysis is however limited by systematics related to the overall cluster geometry and the complexity of the post-shock gas distribution. To overcome these limitations, a simultaneous, joint-likelihood analysis of SZ and X-ray data is needed.
Does climate opportunity facilitate smallholder farmers’ adaptive capacity in the Sahel?
Authors: Lalou Richard , Sultan Benjamin , Muller Bertrand , Ndonky Alphousseyni
Published: July 2019

In Africa, adaptation will be crucial to offset expected negative climate change impacts on food security and agriculture development. In this study, we combine meteorological data from 18 local stations, field surveys on agricultural practices and agronomic information on the growth of millet to demonstrate the crop suitability to the present climate and the ability of Senegalese farmers to adapt their practices to climate variability, and to disseminate them. From data collected in both 665 villages and 1061 farmers, our study provides quantitative evidence of the responsive adaptation of farmers in the Sahel where the recent resumption of rainfall has provided new agricultural opportunities. Statistical models and cropping simulations show that these farmers innovate by reintroducing and disseminating a long cycle millet cultivar—more suitable for wet environments. We note that although this adaptation is a clear response to recent changes in quantity and distribution of rainfall, its adoption remains limited (50% of the villages visited and 25% of the surveyed agricultural producers have cultivated the new millet variety) and varies strongly within the same climatic context and by characteristics of farmers (willing and capacity), indicating different agricultural strategies (diversification, market exchanges). If land access and development of cash crops are hindrances to the adoption of sanio, poverty is clearly not a barrier and adaptation is not a lever for wealth creation. Such adaptative capacities, together with government incentives for farmers to sustainably adapt to climate change, can be important in reducing climate risks in the coming years.
Emergence of complexity in poetry: “Soleils couchants” by Verlaine
Authors: Choi In-Ryeong , Kim J. W. , Choi M. Y.
Published: July 2019

This work investigates emergence of complexity in poetry based on the analogy between the poetics of evocation and the physics of complex systems. For this purpose, we first discuss key concepts of the physics of complex systems, such as emergence, openness, and large variability. It is then suggested that a poem could be viewed as a representative complex system. Emergence of complexity in poetry is further probed in the context of poetics of evocation. As an example, we demonstrate how poetic complexity can indeed be realized, through the analysis of Verlaine’s poem, “Soleils couchants”. In this way, we propose a remarkable convergence of poetics and physics, yielding meaningful results for both fields. On the side of poetics of evocation, its essential characteristic, “relevant mysteries” that give rise to the great variability of interpretations, is verified; on the side of physics of complex systems, the concepts of complexity is validated to provide further understanding of literature as well as natural and social phenomena.
Hole dynamics in a photovoltaic donor-acceptor couple revealed by simulated time-resolved X-ray absorption spectroscopy
Authors: Khalili Khadijeh , Inhester Ludger , Arnold Caroline , Welsch Ralph , Andreasen Jens Wenzel , Santra Robin
Published: July 2019

Theoretical and experimental methodologies that can characterize electronic and nuclear dynamics, and the coupling between the two, are needed to understand photoinduced charge transfer in molecular building blocks used in organic photovoltaics. Ongoing developments in ultrafast pump-probe techniques such as time-resolved X-ray absorption spectroscopy, using an X-ray free electron laser in combination with an ultraviolet femtosecond laser, present desirable probes of coupled electronic and nuclear dynamics. In this work, we investigate the charge transfer dynamics of a donor-acceptor pair, which is widely used as a building block in low bandgap block copolymers for organic photovoltaics. We simulate the dynamics of the benzothiadiazole-thiophene molecule upon photoionization with a vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) pulse and study the potential of probing the subsequent charge dynamics using time-resolved X-ray absorption spectroscopy. The photoinduced dynamics are calculated using on-the-fly nonadiabatic molecular dynamics simulations based on Tully's Fewest Switches Surface Hopping approach. We calculate the X-ray absorption spectrum as a function of time after ionization at the Hartree-Fock level. The changes in the time-resolved X-ray absorption spectrum at the sulfur K-edge reveal the ultrafast charge carrier dynamics in the molecule occurring on a femtosecond time scale. These theoretical findings anticipate that ultrafast time-resolved X-ray absorption spectroscopy using an X-ray probe in combination with a VUV pump offers a new approach to investigate the detailed dynamics of organic photovoltaic materials.
Accelerating terahertz all-optical modulation by hot carriers effects of silver nanorods in PVA film
Authors: Yu Jian-Ping , Chen Sai , Fan Fei , Xu Shi-Tong , Cheng Jie-Rong , Chen Xiang-Fan , Xiao Lin , Chang Sheng-Jiang
Published: July 2019

While the terahertz regime has proved to be a promising solution for wireless big-data transmission, the lack of available functional devices working in this band seriously constrain the wide engineering applications. In this paper, the silver nanorods in polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) film are developed for enhancing and accelerating THz all-optical modulation. The modulation depth can reach 80% under 0.6W/cm2, and the speed can reach 3kHz which is much faster than our previous research. It has been attributed to the plasmonic hot carriers’ effect of the silver nanorods, which makes the photoexcited electrons more easily jump out of the barrier and assemble in the heterostructure between PVA and silicon. Moreover, the photoelectronic response is proved to be related to the plasmonic absorption of the pumping light, which means the modulation speed is decided by the color of the pump light. This experiment phenomenon provides a way to build color-selective terahertz all-optical modulators. Considering its capability for broadband, efficient, and fast modulation of THz waves, this low-cost and conveniently fabricated device could be broadly applied in polymer related THz devices.
Regularities of liquid potassium at different temperatures
Authors: Li Huaming , Ding Hao , Tian Yanting , Sun Yong Li , Li Mo
Published: July 2019

Several new regularities in liquid potassium have been found from the existing experimental data and calculated thermodynamic properties along the isothermal lines with the equation of state (EoS) of a power law form. The quantity (Z − 1)V2 is linearly proportional to V2 with a common intersection point for all isotherms at high temperature and PintV versus V−2 is nearly linear, where Z, V and Pint are compressibility factor, molar volume and internal pressure. Both the isothermal bulk modulus and internal pressure are nearly a linear function of pressure at constant temperature. There is a linear relationship existing between the calculated reduced isothermal bulk modulus and V−2. Based on the linear isotherm regularity EoS, analytical expression of thermodynamic properties of liquid potassium can be obtained. Furthermore, we found crossing points existing in the isobaric thermal expansion coefficient and Anderson-Grüneisen parameter.
A versatile cancer cell trapping and 1D migration assay in a microfluidic device
Authors: Hisey Colin L. , Mitxelena-Iribarren Oihane , Martínez-Calderón Miguel , Gordon Jaymeson B. , Olaizola Santiago M. , Benavente-Babace Ainara , Mujika Maite , Arana Sergio , Hansford Derek J.
Published: July 2019

Highly migratory cancer cells often lead to metastasis and recurrence and are responsible for the high mortality rates in many cancers despite aggressive treatment. Recently, the migratory behavior of patient-derived glioblastoma multiforme cells on microtracks has shown potential in predicting the likelihood of recurrence, while at the same time, antimetastasis drugs have been developed which require simple yet relevant high-throughput screening systems. However, robust in vitro platforms which can reliably seed single cells and measure their migration while mimicking the physiological tumor microenvironment have not been demonstrated. In this study, we demonstrate a microfluidic device which hydrodynamically seeds single cancer cells onto stamped or femtosecond laser ablated polystyrene microtracks, promoting 1D migratory behavior due to the cells’ tendency to follow topographical cues. Using time-lapse microscopy, we found that single U87 glioblastoma multiforme cells migrated more slowly on laser ablated microtracks compared to stamped microtracks of equal width and spacing (p < 0.05) and exhibited greater directional persistence on both 1D patterns compared to flat polystyrene (p < 0.05). Single-cell morphologies also differed significantly between flat and 1D patterns, with cells on 1D substrates exhibiting higher aspect ratios and less circularity (p < 0.05). This microfluidic platform could lead to automated quantification of single-cell migratory behavior due to the high predictability of hydrodynamic seeding and guided 1D migration, an important step to realizing the potential of microfluidic migration assays for drug screening and individualized medicine.
Transverse migration and microfluidic concentration of DNA using Newtonian buffers
Authors: Montes Ryan J. , Ladd Anthony J. C. , Butler Jason E.
Published: July 2019

We present experimental evidence that DNA can be concentrated due to an electrohydrodynamic coupling between a pressure-driven flow and a parallel electric field. The effects of buffer properties on the process were measured in a microfluidic channel. The concentration rates and the efficiency of trapping DNA were quantified as functions of the ion and polymer concentrations of the buffer solution. Buffers with large ion concentrations hindered the ability to trap DNA, reducing the short-time efficiency of the concentration process from nearly 100% to zero. Importantly, DNA was trapped in the microfluidic channel even when the buffer solution lacked any measurable viscoelastic response. These observations indicate that electrohydrodynamic migration drives the concentration of DNA. We found no evidence of viscoelastic migration in these experiments.
Discrete atomic vibrations localized on defects in linear chains of atoms adsorbed by carbon nanobundles
Authors: Feodosyev S. B. , Gospodarev I. A. , Manzhelii E. V. , Sirenko V. A. , Syrkin E. S.
Published: July 2019

The conditions of the existence and the main characteristics (frequencies, intensities, and attenuation parameters) of discrete vibrational levels caused by structural defects of linear chains of inert gas atoms adsorbed on the surface of nanotubes aggregated in nanobundles, are calculated and analyzed. Discrete vibrational levels lying both above and below the band of the quasi-continuous spectrum of the chain are considered. Analytical expressions obtained for the frequencies of these discrete levels make it possible to determine with high precision the defect parameters (difference in the interaction with the substrate and with the atoms of the chain) basing on optical measurements.
Spectroscopic technique sheds insights on how confined plasmas flow
Authors: Lim Alane
Published: July 2019

Researchers have characterized the flow profile of a plasma confined in a reversed field pinch.
Research enhances cancer therapy applications of phosphate-coated superparamagnetic nanoparticles
Authors: Bandari Anashe
Published: July 2019

In situ orientation of chain-like structures of phosphate-coated iron oxide nanoparticles in a static magnetic field increases their heating efficiency, suggesting a way to improve magnetic hyperthermia-based cancer therapy.
Elimination of Ethene from 1,2-Diiodoethane Induced by N-Heterocyclic Carbene Halogen Bonding
Authors: Poynder Tiffany B. , Savaliya Dharmeshkumar P. , Molino Andrew , Wilson David J. D. , Dutton Jason L.
Published: July 2019

The attempted synthesis of N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-stabilised dicarbon (C2) fragments via nucleophilic substitution at 1,2-diiodoethane is reported. Rather than the expected SN2 pathway, clean elimination of ethene and formation of an iodoimidazolium cation was observed. The resistance towards nucleophilic substitution piqued interest, and subsequent investigation determined NHC-halogen bonding as the source. This is in contrast to reactions between NHCs and other alkyl halides, where substitution or elimination pathways are reported. A detailed theoretical study between these cases highlights the importance of iodine as a halogen bond donor compared with other halogens, and shows that NHCs are excellent halogen bond acceptors. This reactivity suggests potential for application of the halogen bonding interaction between NHCs and organic compounds.
Aptamer-Based Biosensing with a Cationic AIEgen
Authors: Luu Tracey , Liu Mengjie , Chen Yilong , Hushiarian Roozbeh , Cass Anthony , Tang Ben Zhong , Hong Yuning
Published: July 2019

Fabrication of low-cost biosensing platforms with high selectivity and sensitivity is important for constructing portable devices for personal health monitoring. Herein, we report a simple biosensing strategy based on the combination of a cationic AIEgen (aggregation-induced emission fluorogen), TPE-2+, with an aptamer for specific protein detection. The target protein can displace the dye molecules on the dye–aptamer complex, resulting in changes in the fluorescence signal. Selectivity towards different targets can be achieved by simply changing the aptamer sequence. The working mechanism is also investigated.
Overcoming drought vulnerability in rangeland communities: lessons from central-western Queensland
Authors: Phelps David , Kelly Dana
Published: July 2019

Drought and climate variability are an increasing global problem, especially in rangelands which may lack robust socioeconomic systems. Vulnerability is being applied in drought and climate change policy theory, by describing exposure and sensitivity factors, and adaptive capacity. In this paper we examine these vulnerability factors in central-western Queensland (CWQ), Australia, as a case study to test the idea that vulnerability and resilience must be considered together to build strong and enduring rangeland communities. The region’s economy and employment are strongly coupled with rain-fed agriculture. Drought is a key risk to CWQ communities, with 13 extended droughts recorded since 1898. The region has been officially in drought since 2013 following well below-average rainfall, and remains in drought in 2019. The impact has led to reductions in town business turnover of 30–60%, loss of livelihoods and outmigration of 20%. Outmigration corresponds to the recent periods of drought. Social networks have been destabilised, highlighting that the cascading impacts of drought are complex, interrelated and affect the whole community. Regionally led responses have helped to re-build social cohesion, provide mental health support and stimulate economic activity and employment. These actions provide examples of a systemic, whole-of-community approach, that (1) captures place-based advantages; (2) enhances internal and external socioeconomic networks; (3) engages meaningfully through multi-level consultation; and (4) seeks to build sustained financial investment. A common theme of success is partnerships which provide external support for regionally-identified issues and solutions. There has been considerable investment of public, philanthropic and private funds in drought relief and infrastructure programs. This has occurred through a whole-of-community approach, and suggests a move towards policy which aims to build long-term regional resilience. CWQ has linked vulnerability and resilience by asking of both internally and externally led drought relief ‘will this action build or undermine community resilience’. This approach could also be applied to the design of drought policies and responses in other rangeland regions.
Genetic architecture and adaptations of Nunavik Inuit
Authors: Zhou Sirui , Xie Pingxing , Quoibion Amélie , Ambalavanan Amirthagowri , Dionne-Laporte Alexandre , Spiegelman Dan , Bourassa Cynthia V. , Xiong Lan , Dion Patrick A. , Rouleau Guy A.
Published: July 2019

The Canadian Inuit have a distinct population background that may entail particular implications for the health of its individuals. However, the number of genetic studies examining this Inuit population is limited, and much remains to be discovered in regard to its genetic characteristics. In this study, we generated whole-exome sequences and genomewide genotypes for 170 Nunavik Inuit, a small and isolated founder population of Canadian Arctic indigenous people. Our study revealed the genetic background of Nunavik Inuit to be distinct from any known present-day population. The majority of Nunavik Inuit show little evidence of gene flow from European or present-day Native American peoples, and Inuit living around Hudson Bay are genetically distinct from those around Ungava Bay. We also inferred that Nunavik Inuit have a small effective population size of 3,000 and likely split from Greenlandic Inuit ∼10.5 kya. Nunavik Inuit went through a bottleneck at approximately the same time and might have admixed with a population related to the Paleo-Eskimos. Our study highlights population-specific genomic signatures in coding regions that show adaptations unique to Nunavik Inuit, particularly in pathways involving fatty acid metabolism and cellular adhesion (
CPNE7
,
ICAM5
,
STAT2
, and
RAF1
). Subsequent analyses in selection footprints and the risk of intracranial aneurysms (IAs) in Nunavik Inuit revealed an exonic variant under weak negative selection to be significantly associated with IA (rs77470587;
P
= 4.6 × 10
−8
).
Drugging an undruggable pocket on KRAS
Authors: Kessler Dirk , Gmachl Michael , Mantoulidis Andreas , Martin Laetitia J. , Zoephel Andreas , Mayer Moriz , Gollner Andreas , Covini David , Fischer Silke , Gerstberger Thomas , Gmaschitz Teresa , Goodwin Craig , Greb Peter , Häring Daniela , Hela Wolfgang , Hoffmann Johann , Karolyi-Oezguer Jale , Knesl Petr , Kornigg Stefan , Koegl Manfred , Kousek Roland , Lamarre Lyne , Moser Franziska , Munico-Martinez Silvia , Peinsipp Christoph , Phan Jason , Rinnenthal Jörg , Sai Jiqing , Salamon Christian , Scherbantin Yvonne , Schipany Katharina , Schnitzer Renate , Schrenk Andreas , Sharps Bernadette , Siszler Gabriella , Sun Qi , Waterson Alex , Wolkerstorfer Bernhard , Zeeb Markus , Pearson Mark , Fesik Stephen W. , McConnell Darryl B.
Published: July 2019

The 3 human RAS genes, KRAS, NRAS, and HRAS, encode 4 different RAS proteins which belong to the protein family of small GTPases that function as binary molecular switches involved in cell signaling. Activating mutations in RAS are among the most common oncogenic drivers in human cancers, with KRAS being the most frequently mutated oncogene. Although KRAS is an excellent drug discovery target for many cancers, and despite decades of research, no therapeutic agent directly targeting RAS has been clinically approved. Using structure-based drug design, we have discovered BI-2852 (1), a KRAS inhibitor that binds with nanomolar affinity to a pocket, thus far perceived to be “undruggable,” between switch I and II on RAS; 1 is mechanistically distinct from covalent KRASG12Cinhibitors because it binds to a different pocket present in both the active and inactive forms of KRAS. In doing so, it blocks all GEF, GAP, and effector interactions with KRAS, leading to inhibition of downstream signaling and an antiproliferative effect in the low micromolar range in KRAS mutant cells. These findings clearly demonstrate that this so-called switch I/II pocket is indeed druggable and provide the scientific community with a chemical probe that simultaneously targets the active and inactive forms of KRAS.
The bilateral comparison of length standards for measuring end measures in the range up from 0.5 mm to 100 mm (COOMET.L-S22)
Authors: Kostrikov A , Zadorozhna I , Sikharulidze V
Published: July 2019

The COOMET Project No 765/UA/18 (The bilateral comparison of length standards for measuring end measures in the range up from 0.5 mm to 100 mm), was organized by TC 1.5 (Length and Angle) of COOMET. This comparison started in December 2018 and finished in February 2019. Participants of the comparisons: the NSC "Institute of Metrology", Kharkov, Ukraine (pilot), and Department of Geometric Measurements Institute of Metrology GEOSTM, Tbilisi, Georgia.

These comparisons are supplementary bilateral. The purpose of the comparisons is to determine the equivalence of the measurement standards being compared.

Comparison participants should have the possibility to measure the end measures of lengths from steel with a nominal size of 1.28 mm; 70 mm; 100 mm by the mechanical method. Whatever measuring instruments are used by the participants of comparisons, they should be traceable to the measurement standard of meter.

For bilateral comparisons it is sufficient to establish a pairwise degree of equivalence, i.e. the difference in results between measurements and the corresponding expanded uncertainty with a coverage factor of 2 and a confidence level of 0.95. Calculations approve that discrepancies between the measurement results of deviations are significantly less than the expanded uncertainty, which confirms a good degree of equivalence of the measuring installations of NSC "Institute of Metrology" of Ukraine and YuLOP "Georgian National Agency for Standards and Metrology" (GEOSTM) Institute of Metrology.

KEY WORDS FOR SEARCH

length, end measures of length, mechanical method, deviation

Main text

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/.

The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCL, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
The Utilization of Big Data in Optimizing Tax Incomes at Jakarta Provincial Government
Authors: Wang Gunawan , Andriyan  , Kurnia Sari Rini
Published: July 2019

As the highest tax collection province in Indonesia, the DKI Jakarta province has the objective to promote optimization tax incomes and use. Current IT system is dominated with independent applications that make difficult to monitor and control the data. Jakarta government has taken IT initiative to optimize the potential of regional income and encourage the taxpayer compliance in fulfilling the obligation of payment of local taxes as well as the creation of integration of revenue collection amongst all related units. Jakarta governor has encouraged the use of recent IT technology to support faster data retrieval and effective decision-making process. The article proposes the conceptual SOA framework and supported with web GIS and Big Data application to promote data exchange amongst all units. The use of SOA is expected to deliver reliable services, module reusability, scalability and interoperability. The outcome of the article is expected to be used as a reference for all province in Indonesia in integrating data that spread in all districts/sub-districts and task-forces, and promote better decision making.
Application Development and Testing Based on ISO 9126 Framework
Authors: Wang Gunawan , Bernanda D Y , Andry J F , Nurul Fajar Ahmad , Sfenrianto
Published: July 2019

Software quality testing is one of the stages in SDLC (systems development life cycle). Software or application testing can’t ensure quality free of bugs or errors, but can provide trust and assurance to the application at some level. Software of freight forwarding, from the development, implementation and testing of this application can achieve some desired objectives by the user that is to help transportation services become more effective and efficient, providing convenience in terms of data and information process. With the use of the application compared with the process of recording manually is facilitate the decision makers to be able to monitor transactions and reports in a short time. To design and implement reliable Information Systems (IS) of freight forwarding and avoid bugs or errors, comprehensive testing is required based on the ISO 9126 method, which includes attributes such as aspects of functionality and Maintainability. Testing an application or software is an activity to check if the actual results match the expected results and to ensure that the application is bug-free. IS of freight forwarding services is appropriate and able to become software in the desired by the user consisting of input, process, and output.
Enhancement Clustering Evaluation Result of Davies-Bouldin Index with Determining Initial Centroid of K-Means Algorithm
Authors: Jumadi Dehotman Sitompul Bernad , Salim Sitompul Opim , Sihombing Poltak
Published: July 2019

K-Means is one of the most popular clustering algorithms because it is easy and simple when implemented. However, clustering results from K-Means are very sensitive to the selection of initial centroid. Better clustering results are often obtained after several experiments. In this study, Sum of Squared Error (SSE) was used as an approach to determine initial centroid of K-Means algorithm. If the SSE value is smaller then the data in one cluster will be more homogeneous and certainly give a good cluster result. In this study, Sum of Squared Error (SSE) was used as an approach to determine initial centroid of K-Means algorithm. Testing was performed on 3 datasets and the number of clusters 2, 3 and 4. From the test, the average value of Davies-Bouldin Index (DBI) for 3 datasets was 0.2427, while the Simple determine initial centroid of K-Means algorithm obtained an average DBI value of 0.2805. These results prove that clustering with method of determining initial centroid of K-Means algorithm based on Sum of Squared Error minimum able to improve clustering result and enhance DBI value obtained by simple determine initial centroid of K-Means algorithm.
The Factors Influencing Market Price Of Sago Starch In Meranti Islands By Linear Regression
Authors: Arisandi Diki , Hartati Seri , Murtasidin Bahjatul , Syamsuadi Amir , Trisnawati Liza , Elvitaria Luluk , Azhari Herli Muhammad
Published: July 2019

One of the primary food from Indonesia is sago, and one of the sago producers is the Meranti islands. In addition to processed sago products into foodstuffs, sago products are also sold as sago starch. This study discusses the three factors that influence the market price of sago starch are the number of sago farmers, the area of sago land and annual production. Machine learning approach used is the linear regression. After training data, it can be observed that there are two factors that have a significant influence on the market price of sago starch. The results can be reference material for the industrial and trading offices of Meranti islands in observing the annual sago price so that the farmers and sago entrepreneurs can get the appropriate price of sago starch.
Learning Culture Framework in E-Learning for the Equivalency Education Program (E-LEEP Culture)
Authors: Betty Yel Mesra , Sfenrianto Sfenrianto , Wang Gunawan
Published: July 2019

Understanding learning culture based on learning activities is important for learning success in an e-Learning. As an effort that can be done for this purpose, it is necessary to build a student learning culture based on students activities. The study proposes a Cultural Framework for Learning in an E-Learning. It is called E-LEEP Culture because used in an e-Learning the Equality Education Program (E-LEEP). This framework has five key components, namely: Students, E-LEEP, Learning Activities, Learning Culture, and Digital Contents. Learning culture component in E-LEEP Culture Framework consists of sharing activities, getting information, discussingIndividualistic Learning, Collaborative Learning, Learning Time (learn a little), and Learning Time (learn a lot). Each of the components is expected as a basis for providing learning material that suits the needs of students.
Brain Tumour Image Classification Using Learning Vector Quantization Based Zoning Method
Authors: Fahmi F , Priyulida F , Suherman S
Published: July 2019

Brain tumour identification has been increasingly important area, mainly by using CT scan. Neural network and artificial intelligence methods dominate the processing algorithms; however, new methods are expected to emerge. This paper discusses brain tumour image classification by zoning combination using learning vector quantization (LVQ). The matrix results of the zoning are used as the LVQ inputs. As results from the assessment of the twenty normal and abnormal brain images, identification has been successfully carried out by 80% and 90% subsequently for abnormal and normal brain.
Impact Transport Layer Protocol Performances to the Encrypted Traffics
Authors: Suherman S , Panjaitan Sihar P , Gunanta Ginting Andi
Published: July 2019

Transport layer protocols either reliable or unreliable are prone to packet losses. Data transmitted by these protocols are either encrypted or not. The encrypted or compressed traffics are sensitive to losses. Often packet losses lead to failure in extracting the encrypted messages. This paper evaluates the impact of those packet losses on transport layer protocols to the encrypted traffics. The NS-2 simulator is employed and some encryption algorithms are examined. As results, the percentage of successful decryption on TCP is higher than UDP. The higher the packet loss rates the lower the decryption rates. 3DES is more immune to packet losses than Rijndael and Arcfour. In average, it decrypted the encrypted messages 0.38% higher than Rijndael and 0.12% higher than Arcfour.
Adaptive User Interface of Learning Management Systems for Education 4.0: A Research Perspective
Authors: Bagustari B A , Santoso H B
Published: July 2019

The growth of education is dynamically changing along with emerging technology. Learning management systems (LMS) takes an essential place regarding support its process. By many kinds of improvement aspect within technology, adaptive user interface (AUI) has a significant role to maintain students engagement in learning activities. However, it is very significant to analyze the development of AUI in education 4.0 to understand its significant challenge at this stage. This paper discusses AUI in learning system which has been proposed and implemented by other researchers. We apply a comparative perspective between technology and heutagogical aspect in evaluating their approaches. By delivering this perspective, the paper presents a short review of LMS adaptivity trends and development challenges in the field of learning services for education 4.0.
Vision based Eye Closeness Classification for Driver’s Distraction and Drowsiness Using PERCLOS and Support Vector Machines: Comparative Study between RGB and Grayscale Images
Authors: Hazirah Rodzi Anis , Mohd Zin Zalhan , Ibrahim Norazlin
Published: July 2019

Driver inattention and drowsiness are part causes of road accidents in Malaysia. Based on statistics from the Royal Malaysian Police (2016), deaths from road accidents amount is 7, 512 in 2016 compared to 6, 706 in 2015, which is the highest number of deaths recorded. Hence, an assistant system is needed to monitor driver’s condition like some car manufacturers introduced to their certain models of car. The assistant system is a part of main system known as advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) are systems developed to enhance vehicle systems for safety and better driving. The system is expected to gather accurate input, be fast in processing data, accurately predict context, and react in real time. Suitable approach is needed to fulfil the system expectation. This paper describes the drowsiness and driver in attention detection and classification using computer vision approach. Our approach aims to classify driver drowsiness and inattention using computer vision. We proposed a technique to classify drowsiness into three different classes of eye state; open, semi close and close. The classification is done by using feature extraction method, percentage of eye closure (PERCLOS) technique and Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier. We examined and analysed the Grayscale and RGB images using mentioned techniques.
Uplifting Student Project Contribution toward Society Through Multimedia Repository
Authors: Angga N M , Pramono R , Putra T D
Published: July 2019

As a developing country, the application of information technology is uncommon in daily business at many fields in Indonesia. On the other hand, information technology students such as in Computer Science Department Universitas Surabaya had created plenty of projects which had been underexposed. Those projects usually created as an answer for the real public issues and problems, therefore they might be an effective means to address some of the community requirements. This research propose a solution in the means of a digital multimedia repository to boost the contribution of the students towards the development of the society.
Citizen Id Card Detection using Image Processing and Optical Character Recognition
Authors: Satyawan Wira , Octaviano Pratama M , Jannati Rini , Muhammad Gibran , Fajar Bagus , Hamzah Haris , Fikri Rusnandi , Kristian Kevin
Published: July 2019

Since its emergence in 2011, Indonesian Electronic Id-card has been widely used as authentication or citizen identity. Several issues like deep difficulty in detecting id-card field and also difficulty in character recognition data in id-card should be concerned. In this research, we propose a technique detect electronic Id-card using combination of Image Processing and Optical Character Recognition (OCR). The result, we can obtain 98% accuracy of Id-card detection using our image processing techniques and OCR. This research was embedded in website interface which used by automotive company.
Impact three pass protocol modifications to key transmission performance
Authors: Badawi A , Zarlis M , Suherman S
Published: July 2019

Key exchange is important to ensure cryptography works as expected. The three pass protocol (TPP) is the popular key exchange protocol. Modifications have been research interest for security improvement. This paper reports experiments to show modification impact to processing time. As modifications applied to 1, 2 and 3 links, the TPP processing time increases exponentially from 79 ms to 511 ms. The modification increases TPP processing time significantly. But modifications have minor impact to encryption and decryption times.
Feature Selection and Rule Extraction Based on Variable Precision Rough Set
Authors: Kesuma I A , Zarlis M , Nababan E B
Published: July 2019

Main factors in feature selection is dimensionality in data and decision making on partial information handling as precision classification errors. This study will demonstrate the feature selection using the rough set method, especially in handling missing information along with an ambiguous decision system with a precision variable-based approach to finding significant features and extracting the required rules. The experiment was carried out with 12 Dermatology datasets from the UCI Machine Learning Repository consisting of 11 conditional attributes and a decision variable. The experimental results show the results of the dominant conditional feature selection of 45% of the overall existing conditional features, along with more concise rules based on selected features.
Identification of The Tuberculosis (TB) Disease Based on XRay Images Using Probabilistic Neural Network (PNN)
Authors: Andayani U , Rahmat R F , Sylviana Pasi Nani , Siregar B , Syahputra M F , Muchtar M A
Published: July 2019

Tuberculosis is an airborne contagious disease caused by the Bacterium Mycobacterium Tuberculosis which means major threat to global health. If Tuberculosis is not treated promptly and quickly, it will cause the disease to get worse. For that, the treatment should not be done carelessly. Therefore, a system is needed to identify the Tuberculosis diseases to help the doctors as an early stage in diagnosing the disease. In this research, Probabilistic Neural Network (PNN) method was used to identify the presence of Tuberculosis by system to help the doctor to make the decision. The stages before doing an identification such as the image acquisition, pre-processing, and feature extractions using Invariant Moment. This study was conducted using train data of 105 normal X-Ray images and 105 images of pulmonary Tuberculosis X-Rays. For the testing data used of 50 X-Ray images. The results showed that the proposed method was able to identify the Tuberculosis disease with an accuracy of 96%.
Analysis of Satisfaction Level with Servqual method using Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: Daniel Sitanggang Erwin , Tulus  , Benyamin Nasution Benny
Published: July 2019

This research aims to analyze the level of student satisfaction at a college in pattern recognition using an artificial neural network with feedforward backpropagation algorithms. Input on the network consists of 5 variables, namely Tangibles (X1), Reliability (X2), Responsiveness (X3), Assurance (X4) and Empathy (X5) which are the dimensions of the Servqual method. Data processing in the Servqual method will become target data on the network. Data is obtained through multi-item questions given to students. After some training trials, the best configuration architecture consists of 5 neurons in the input layer, one hidden layer with seven neurons and one neuron in the output layer. The activation function used by a Sigmoid Binary that has a range of 0 to 1. This architecture can recognize the pattern well in the 14th iteration with MSE of 0.000192. Data testing results obtained an accuracy rate of 91.07% with an error rate of 8.93%. So that it can be concluded that the Artificial Neural Network with feedforward backpropagation algorithm in the case of analyzing the level of student satisfaction on college services can recognize the pattern well.
Heat Transfer Simulation on Window Glass Using COMSOL Multiphysic
Authors: Tulus  , Marpaung T.J. , Siringoringo Y.B. , Syahputra M.R. , Suriati
Published: July 2019

One physical event related to heat transfer is expansion. Where expansion of a substance is an event of changes in the geometry of an object due to the influence of heat. In this study will be discussed about heat transfer based on expansion on window glass due to the effects of heat and solar radiation based on Stefan-Boltzman law. Heat transfer on the window glass will be simulated with a numerical method, namely the finite element method with the COMSOL Multiphysic 5.2a program. The results of this study will show the maximum heat transfer on a window glass that only has 9 degrees in approximately 2.2 seconds.
Process Optimization to Preserve β-Carotene During Palm Fruit Irradiation
Authors: Salamah S , Sarah M
Published: July 2019

Excluded free fatty acid content, palm oil quality was indicated by the presence of minor constituents in palm oil such as β-carotene. Heating utilizing microwave energy degrades β-carotene. This study carried out process optimization to evaluate significant parameters affected palm oil quality during sterilization by microwave irradiation and to obtain optimum process parameters to preserve β-carotene concentration in palm oil. Central composite design (CCD) and response surface methodology (RSM) were used t. The optimum β-carotene concentration in this study was 404 ppm obtained from microwave sterilization with combination of mass, power and time approximately 117 grams, 669.087 watts and 5 min respectively.
Monitoring temperature and humidity of server room using Lattepanda and ThingSpeak
Authors: Nasution T H , Muchtar M A , Seniman S , Siregar I
Published: July 2019

To keep the server running properly, the temperature and humidity in the server room need to be considered because if the temperature or humidity in the server room is not suitable with standards it will disturb or damage the existing server. For this reason, the condition of the server room must be monitored and the temperature and humidity in the room are maintained. In this work we design a temperature and humidity remote monitoring system and server room using Lattepanda and ThingSpeak to data cloud of monitoring result. The system design process consists of two parts, the first is the design of hardware reading data on the sensor. The second is sending data to ThingSpeak capable to be resuscitated which is can be accessed via internet using a browser. From the results of the test, it can be seen that Lattepanda can be used to monitor temperature and humidity in the server room. The temperature and humidity can be monitored in real time (every 30 seconds) through the channels provided by ThingSpeak.