bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pathogenetic and clinical aspects of the development of acute coronary syndrome in influenza and COVID-19: vaccination issues
Authors: Zykov M. V. , Barbarash O. L.
Published: February 2023

Highlights. The new coronavirus infection necessitates mandatory vaccination of patients at high cardiovascular risk (in particular after myocardial infarction), including both COVID-19 vaccine and influenza vaccine, which represent an important condition for reducing mortality. At the same time, vaccination coverage among the population is still low, thus requiring a detailed analysis of clinical and pathogenetic components of this problem. The doctor's understanding of the most complex aspects of the problem will help achieve positive outcome in the treatment of patients who suffered from myocardial infarction, even before acquiring the data of specially planned studies.

Abstract. This review contains current data on the relationship of viral infections with an increase in the incidence of cardiovascular diseases, as well as on the role of vaccination in improving the prognosis after myocardial infarction. The literature search was carried out by using the websites of cardiological societies, as well as the PubMed, EMBASE, eLibrary databases using the following keywords: flu, influenza, new coronavirus infection, SARS-CoV2, COVID-19, vaccination, acute coronary syndrome. The pandemic of COVID-19 (COronaVIrus Disease 2019) dictates the need for urgent vaccination against COVID-19 and influenza in patients with cardiovascular diseases. The importance of this measure, as a clear condition in preventing further increase in mortality from cardiovascular diseases, should not be doubted. At the same time, the still remaining low percentage of vaccinations is one of the causal factors of high rates of morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular pathology.
Remodeling versus reimplantation in aortic root surgery – comparative results and risk factors for aortic insufficiency
Authors: Komarov R. N. , Ismailbaev A. M. , Dzyundzya A. N. , Chernyavskii S. V. , Badalyan S. S. , Danachev A. O. , Ognev O. O.
Published: February 2023

Highlights. The main approaches to the aortic root valve-sparing surgery of are reimplantation and remodeling;

The literature review demonstrates either the relative identity of the reimplantation and remodeling clinical outcomes, or the advantage of reimplantation in relation to long-term results.

Abstract. In recent decades, valve-sparring methods of aortic root replacement, including reimplantation and remodeling, as well as their modifications, have been developed and put into widespread practice. The effectiveness and durability of these two approaches is the subject of discussions in the modern cardiac surgery community. The global experience in performing remodeling and reimplantation procedures allows  for a comprehensive literature review to compare the results of these approaches.  The presented review is devoted to the comparison of surgical aspects and clinical outcomes of reimplantation and remodeling techniques, the analysis of the feasibility of restoring the physiological architectonics of the aortic root in valve-sparring operations using Valsalva grafts, as well as the assessment of risk factors for residual aortic insufficiency after such interventions. The search strategy included the analysis of international (PubMed, Scopus, Embase) databases for the following keywords: “reimplantation versus remodeling for aortic root valve-sparring procedures”, “David procedure versus Yacoub procedure”, “Valsalva graft for aortic root valve-sparring procedures”, “Valve-sparing aortic root repair with an anatomically shaped sinus prosthesis”. Literature analysis demonstrates either the relative identity of early and long-term results of reimplantation and remodeling procedures, or the advantage of reimplantation in terms of freedom from late mortality and residual aortic insufficiency. Preservation of the physiology of the aortic root by implantation of Valsalva grafts or remodeling provides better hemodynamics and reduces stress on the leaflets, however, these postulates run counter to the data of clinical studies analyzing postoperative outcomes and demonstrating the lack of advantages of Valsalva grafts over linear prostheses in terms of freedom from aortic valve surgery. Residual postoperative regurgitation of a mild degree, a decrease in the effective height below 9 mm and additional interventions on the leaflets are reliable factors of significant aortic insufficiency in the long-term period after valve-sparring operations on the aortic root.
Propensity score matching analysis of the aortiv valve replacement with the xenopericardial semi-framed prosthesis “T-Ara” and the framed xenopericardial prosthesis “UniLine”. Short-term results
Authors: Evtushenko A. V. , Stasev A. N. , Kokorin S. G. , Sizova I. N. , Lebedev D. I. , Duvanov M. K. , Maximov A. V. , Veselovskaya N. G. , Scherbakov K. Yu. , Barbarash L. S.
Published: February 2023

Highlights. It is the first pseudorandomized comparative study of xenopericardial frame and half-frame bioprostheses treated with diepoxin in the aortic position use and its direct results.

Aim. A comparative assessment using the Propensity Score Matching method of the in-hospital clinical and hemodynamic results of the semi-framed epoxy-treated xenopericardial prosthesis “T-ara” and the framed epoxy-treated xenopericardial prosthesis “UniLine” (“NeoKor”, Kemerovo, Russia) for isolated aortic valve replacement implantation.

Methods. 33 recipients of the “UniLine” prosthesis were selected by Propensity Score Matching method in a ratio of 1:1 to 33 observations from the “T-ara” group according to the compliance criteria: gender, age, body surface area, end-diastolic volume of the left ventricle (LV) and the pre-operative presence/absence of the aortic regurgitation.

Results. Hospital mortality in the “T-ara” and “UniLine” groups was 3.03 (n = 1) and 6.06% (n = 2), respectively, p = 0.920. Non-fatal complications in the “T-ara” and “UniLine” groups was 7 (21.2%) and 18 (54.6%), p = 0.163. The incidence of postoperative heart failure and arrhythmias was higher in “UniLine” recipients (p = 0.001). The average stay in the intensive care unit was longer in the “UniLine” group than in the “T-ara” group, p = 0.05. Postoperative end-systolic and end-diastolic dimensions and volumes (and the corresponding indexes) of the LV,       as well as the myocardial mass and its index in both groups had no statistically significant changes in relation to preoperative data. The comparative assessment of left ventricular remodeling parameters depending on the prosthetic size revealed no significant differences. The average pressure gradient in the “T-ara» and “UniLine” group of size 21mm was 12.2±7.4 and 12.2±5.0 mm Hg. (p>0.050). The average pressure gradient in the group “T-ara” and “UniLine” size 23–25 mm was 10.2±4.1 and 9.9±0.3 mm Hg, p>0.050. The regression degree of LV myocardial mass index in the groups did not have significant differences.

Conclusion. At the hospital stage, the semi-framed epoxy-treated biological prosthesis “T-ara” has a similar clinical and hemodynamic profile with the framed biological prosthesis “UniLine”. The frequency of postoperative heart  failure  and cardiac arrhythmias is statistically significantly higher in the “UniLine” group (framed bioprostheses).
Entre filosofia e literatura
Authors: Moura Alex
Published: February 2023

Este ensaio propõe circunscrever e explicitar um horizonte comum de reflexão entre quatro autores contemporâneos que dirigiram suas reflexões ao estudo sobre a relação entre linguagem e realidade. Tendo como horizonte partilhado a recusa do modelo clássico da representação, trabalharemos a maneira pela qual concebem a dimensão realista da obra, compreendendo-a enquanto caráter intrínseco à forma. Para isso, propomos uma aproximação interdisciplinar, trabalhada sob uma abordagem filosófica.
Tensor products of weak hyperrigid sets
Authors: Anjali V. A. , Augustine Athul , Shankar P.
Published: February 2023

In this article, we show that concerning the spatial tensor product of W∗-algebras, the tensor product of two weak hyperrigid operator systems is weak hyperrigid. We prove this result by demonstrating unital completely positive maps have unique extension property for operator systems if and only if the tensor product of two unital completely positive maps has unique extension property for the tensor product of operator systems. Consequently, we prove as a corollary that the tensor product of two boundary representations for operator systems is boundary representation for the tensor product of operator systems. The corollary is an analogue result of Hopenwasser’s [9] in the setting of W∗-algebras.
Z-Hyperrigidity and Z-boundary representations
Authors: Anjali V. A. , Augustine Athul , Shankar P.
Published: February 2023

In this article, we introduce the notions of Z-finite representations and Z-separation property of representations for operator Z-systems generating C∗-algebras. We use these notions to characterize the Z-boundary representations for operator Z-systems. We introduce Z-hyperrigidity of operator Z-systems. We investigate an analogue version of Saskin’s theorem in the setting of operator Z-systems generating C∗-algebras.
Analysis of digital information Management of product market competition under the environment of agricultural product e-commerce
Authors: Zhu Zhibiao , Zheng Aimin
Published: February 2023

With the rapid development of China's regional agriculture, its consumption of energy, the squeezing and encroachment of the environment and the pollution of the ecological environment have been put on the agenda, which stems from the unreasonable management and regulation of the rapidly developing agricultural infrastructure. Aiming at the evaluation index cluster of agricultural management in Northeast China, the main structure of the digital information management platform of green ecological agriculture we built is divided into variable layer, middle layer and evaluation index layer, which is a superimposed and progressive layer structure design.The results show that compared with 2018, the use index of electronic agricultural products, per capita greening index, soil organic matter content index and per capita water content index increased by 30.34%, 6.14%, 25.34% and 30.26% respectively in 2019.The index of per capita desert land area decreased by 10.97%.The Sustainability Index experienced an unusual decrease in 2017-2018, with a drop of 0.08. Compared with 2018, the green ecological index from 2019 to 2021 increased by 5.94%, 8.58% and 12.87% respectively. This provides guidance for the structure and design of China's future agricultural development.
Study of Different Coding Methods of Polar code in 5G Communication system
Authors: A. Peshattiwar Atish , S. Khobragade Atish
Published: February 2023

Sure, most of you are aware that right now everyone is thinking or at least the industry and researchers are thinking about the next generation, the first generation of what will 5G be, and that a significant part of the 5G telecommunication standard has been finalised, in particular the error control codes that will be used in 5G telecommunication. One of the codes that will be used is called a Low-Density Parity Check code (or LDPC code for short), and the other is called Polar Code. These two famous and celebrated codes have distinct and fascinating histories. Both technologies are now capable of providing near-capacity results, making them formidable competitors in the race to become the 5G communication system's ultimate provider. In this paper, we zeroed in on the 5G Polar codes and their encoding methods.
Utilización de las tecnologías para aumentar la velocidad del doble picado en el clarinete
Authors: Marín Conesa Isabel , Marín Conesa María Belén , Marín Conesa Ester , Conesa Ferrer María Belén
Published: February 2023

En el clarinete, la interpretación del doble picado resulta compleja especialmente a altas velocidades. El objetivo es utilizar las TIC para medir la mejora de la velocidad del doble picado en este instrumento. Se realiza una prueba piloto con 13 participantes con el Título de Enseñanzas Profesionales de Clarinete. Se grabaron 2 ejercicios en dos ocasiones. La primera grabación pretendía medir la velocidad máxima a la que los participantes interpretaban los ejercicios con doble picado. Posteriormente, se facilitaron 29 piezas durante 8 semanas. Finalmente, se realizó una última grabación para observar si existía mejoría. Las herramientas tecnológicas utilizadas fueron ZyMi (para las grabaciones y el estudio), Audacity (para realizar las grabaciones), Sibelius7 (para escribir ejercicios) y Sonic Visualiser (para asegurar la calidad de la técnica). Las velocidades iniciales fueron bastante bajas puesto que a un tempo mayor se perdía calidad en la técnica. En cambio, en la última grabación, 5 de los participantes habían doblado las velocidades y 4 las triplicaron. Además, los Participantes 3 y 5 aumentaron tres veces la velocidad en el primero de los ejercicios y la doblaron en el segundo. Por su parte, el Participante 13 aumentó desde negra igual a 13 hasta negra igual a 105 en el primer ejercicio y hasta 85 en el segundo con apenas unas semanas de estudio. Se puede concluir que el uso de las TIC ayudó a los participantes a aumentar la velocidad sin errores de ejecución. Además, mejoraron en estabilidad el tempo al utilizar ZyMi desde velocidades bajas.
Aportes de ingeniería en inteligencia artificial aplicada en la educación
Authors: Silva Hernández Francisca , Martínez Prats Germán
Published: February 2023

La ingeniería en Inteligencia Artificial (IA) es de carácter multidisciplinario que conlleva mediante sistema inteligente la capacidad de realizar acciones de forma independiente con base a algoritmos. En el ámbito educativo los aportes de la aplicabilidad de la inteligencia artificial representan retos y oportunidades en los programas educativos. Este documento tiene como objeto describir los aportes de algunos recursos que fortalecen la calidad educativa a partir de la ingeniería en inteligencia artificial con herramientas digitales e innovación tecnológica. Mismas que ante una situación de cambios constantes representan un mecanismo de acción para trabajar en la brecha de desigualdad con medios y recursos digitales a partir de sistemas inteligentes que sin duda en el proceso de transición en mayor desarrollo y crecimiento de toda nación, sobrelleva aplicar avances de la ciencia y tecnología en el sector educativo.
Diseño arquitectural de una plataforma IoT para la monitorización ambiental aplicada en viveros de plantas de Ornato
Authors: González Cárdenas Jaime Osvaldo , Figueroa Millán Patricia Elizabeth , Amezcua Valdovinos Ismael , Benavides Delgado J. Reyes
Published: February 2023

El uso de las aplicaciones del Internet de las Cosas (IoT) está beneficiando a un número cada vez mayor de productores y organizaciones agrícolas en sus procesos de producción, mejorando su eficacia a largo plazo y contribuyendo al desarrollo sostenible, pues se estima que para 2023 estarán cerca de 12 millones de sensores agrícolas en uso globalmente. Por ello, los agricultores de diferentes sectores agrícolas, incluyendo el hortícola ornamental, están apostando por la pronta adopción del IoT para mejorar la eficiencia en su trabajo diario; aun cuando, en países subdesarrollados, los problemas para adquirir, acceder y utilizar las nuevas Tecnologías de Información y Comunicación (TIC) han dificultado esta tarea. En este artículo se describe el diseño arquitectural de una plataforma IoT, utilizada para la monitorización ambiental en viveros de plantas de ornato, permitiendo el almacenamiento y visualización dinámica de los datos sensados en la nube. La metodología en espiral para el desarrollo de prototipos fundamenta el diseño arquitectural presentado. Diseño que proporciona una solución innovadora al integrar un nodo portable que utiliza tecnología WiFi y una red de sensores estática basada en el estándar 6LoWPAN para el sensado, recolección y visualización de datos. Como resultados, este diseño contribuirá a establecer prácticas de agricultura inteligente para mejorar la calidad, productividad, rentabilidad y sustentabilidad en la producción de plantas ornamentales, así como a ahorrar tiempo y dinero en las empresas y productores de este sector al disminuir el esfuerzo laboral y riesgo de errores humanos en la recopilación de datos.
Understanding the viability of integrating WSN with IoT using cloud infrastructure
Authors: Mahapatra Cosmena , Payal Ashish , Chopra Meenu
Published: February 2023

IEEE 802.15.4, Wireless Sensor Networks, have increasingly become an important part of many sustainable development applications. However, due to the energy expenditure restrictions of Wireless Sensor Networks, it has become imperative to optimize its usage and reach ability through a amalgam of nature inspired techniques, Internet of things and cloud. In our study, we have used CupCarbon simulator to first establish the workability of such a model and to see if nature inspired algorithms technique may be used to develop and optimization wireless sensor network integrated Internet of Things cloud based modals as efficient solutions to modern problems. A resultant application was designed to handle healthcare facilities through the specified infrastructure. On the basis of the feedback from the usage of application, the study was able to infer that despite the challenges, Internet of Things, wireless sensor networks and cloud, although separate technologies, may be used together to deliver ‘smart’ applications in the field of smart town, smart residences and smart security.
Rice quality analysis using image processing and machine learning
Authors: Dharmik R. C. , Chavhan Sushilkumar , Gotarkar Shashank , Pasoriya Arjun
Published: February 2023

Object Detection and its analysis are used in various fields. Rice quality evaluation subtask in Agricultural industries is not exception for object Detection. Manual identification using image processing techniques, Machine Learning Techniques and Deep Learning is also used for the rice quality analysis. Due to Feature identification challenge machine Learning and Deep Learning are in the demand. As rice is mostly used agricultural product so it is important to have the proper analysis of the crops. In this study we proposed the used of image processing method with the help of Machine Learning model. Rice grain morphological characteristics are what define a grain’s quality analysis. The suggested method can operate efficiently with little expense.
Virtual emotion detection by sentiment analysis
Authors: Kamdi Rahul , N. Thakre Prasheel , P. Nilawar Ajinkya , Kene J. D.
Published: February 2023

As websites, social networks, blogs, and online portals proliferate on the internet, authors are producing reviews, opinions, ideas, ratings, and feedback. The emotional content of this writer may be about things like books, people, hotels, items, studies, events, and so on. These emotions have great value for businesses, for governments, and for people. The majority of the writer-generated material requires the usage of text mining algorithms and sentiment analysis, even if this information is meant to be instructive. Sentiment Analysis is a technique in Natural Language Processing (NLP) that tries to identify and extract assessments communicated within a given text. This paper intends to execute different content handling strategies in NLP and use of Valence Aware Dictionary for Sentiment Reasoning (VADER) Model that is sensitive to both polarity (positive/negative) and intensity (strength) of emotion.
Background removal of video in realtime
Authors: Khanorkar Arya , Pawar Bhavika , Singh Diksha , Dhanbhar Kritika , Mangrulkar Nikhil
Published: February 2023

Background removal for video is a computer-vision based system to remove the background from a video with ease. Creating a professional background when at home, i.e., not in a very professional environment, can be a tedious task. Not everyone has time to learn editing and the technicalities involved in having an entire setup for creating a sophisticated background and it is not practical that normal people buy green screens or blue screens just for their everyday formal meets. Our goal is to create a quick and easy solution to that by removing background in real time while also maintaining the quality of the call, having the additional benefit of adding custom backgrounds and enabling users to add effects like adjust lighting, contrast etc., we are combining all 4-5 steps in 1 single step. SelfieSegmentation module of Mediapipe helps us achieve this. The Selfie Segmentation API creates an output mask from an input image. The mask will be the same size as the input image by default. A float integer with a range of [0.0, 1.0] is assigned to each pixel of the mask. The higher the confidence that the pixel depicts a person, and vice versa, the closer the number is to 1.0.
Review on deep learning based techniques for person re-identification
Authors: Parkhi Abhinav , Khobragade Atish
Published: February 2023

In-depth study has recently been concentrated on human re-identification, which is a crucial component of automated video surveillance. Re-identification is the act of identifying someone in photos or videos acquired from other cameras after they have already been recognized in an image or video from one camera. Re-identification, which involves generating consistent labelling between several cameras, or even just one camera, is required to reconnect missing or interrupted tracks. In addition to surveillance, it may be used in forensics, multimedia, and robotics.Re-identification of the person is a difficult problem since their look fluctuates across many cameras with visual ambiguity and spatiotemporal uncertainty. These issues can be largely caused by inadequate video feeds or lowresolution photos that are full of unnecessary facts and prevent re-identification. The geographical or temporal restrictions of the challenge are difficult to capture. The computer vision research community has given the problem a lot of attention because of how widely used and valuable it is. In this article, we look at the issue of human re-identification and discuss some viable approaches.
FG- coupled fixed point theorems in partially ordered S* metric spaces
Authors: E. Prajisha , P. Shaini
Published: February 2023

This is a review paper based on a recent article on FG- coupled fixed points [17], in which the authors established FG- coupled fixed point theorems in partially ordered complete S∗ metric space. The results were illustrated by suitable examples, too. An S∗ metric is an n-tuple metric from n-product of a set to the non negative reals. The theorems in [17] generalizes the main results of Gnana Bhaskar and Lakshmikantham [5].
CONTROVERSY OVER HEALTH IMPLICATIONS OF GENETICALLY MODIFIED ORGANISMS: Which way for developing countries?
Authors: George Amofah , Sarkodie Badu
Published: February 2023

The Ghana Public Health Association organized a scientific seminar in April 2014 to examine the introduction of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) into public use, and their potential health consequences. The seminar was driven by current public debate on the subject. Concerns have been raised about use of GMOs, especially in developing countries, for a variety of reasons including ethical and biosafety considerations. The seminar identified some of their advantages such as introduction of pest resistant, disease resistant, and drought tolerant crops; potential for reduced use of chemicals and pesticides; improving the nutritional properties of crops, and huge potential for production of pharmaceuticals and vaccines. Potential health concerns raised included current efforts focusing primarily on a few crop/trait combinations of high commercial value; most trial designs are laboratory design and of short duration; increasing observation of trends in organ disease with use of GMOs, and lack of labeling of GMO products that hinder post-marketing surveillance. There is the need to enhance local capacity to research the introduction and use of GMOs; to put in place appropriate regulatory mechanisms including, particularly, the labeling of their products, and long-term post-marketing surveillance for possible negative health consequences. Furthermore, the appropriate state agency should put in place advocacy and communication strategies to keep the public informed about the health and other consequences of GMOs, for informed public choices.
A Review of the Digestive, Respiratory and Nocioceptive Benefits, Associated Performance Outcomes and Clinical Considerations following Mint and Menthol application
Authors: Best Russ
Published: February 2023

Mint and to a lesser extent menthol have been used since antiquity for medicinal purposes. Key components of mint and menthol use such as composition and intake, safety and traditional uses are discussed prior to a review of clinical and human performance outcomes in the areas of digestive and respiratory health; antibacterial and anti-fungal properties, nocioception, migraine and headache and emerging evidence regarding COVID 19. Evidence suggests benefit for patients with irritable bowel syndrome and related digestive issues, with analgesic and respiratory effects also noted. Perceptual characteristics relating to thermal comfort and sensation, taste sensitivity and alertness are also considered; these effects are predominantly driven by stimulation of transient receptor potential melastatin 8 (TRPM8) activity resulting in sensations of cooling and freshness, with lesser influence on thirst. Finally, sport performance is considered as a domain that may further elucidate some of the aforementioned underpinning outcomes due to its systemic and dynamic nature, especially when performed in hot environmental conditions.
Novel Lipid Mediators as a Promising Therapeutic Strategy for Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Belayev Ludmila , Reid Madigan , Bazan Nicolas
Published: February 2023

Despite displaying efficacy in experimental stroke studies, neuroprotection has failed in clinical trials. The translational difficulties include a limited methodological agreement between preclinical and clinical studies and the heterogeneity of stroke in humans compared to standardized strokes in animal models. Promising neuroprotective approaches based on a deeper understanding of the complex pathophysiology of ischemic stroke, such as blocking pro-inflammatory pathways plus pro-survival mediators, are now evaluated in preclinical studies. Combinatorial therapy has become increasingly attractive in recent years as recognizing the complexity of stroke progression becomes evident. The paper aimed to test the hypothesis that blocking pro-inflammatory platelet-activating factor receptor (PAF-R) with LAU-0901 plus administering a selected docosanoid, aspirin-triggered neuroprotectin D1 (AT-NPD1), which activates cell-survival pathways after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo), would lead to neurological recovery. We have demonstrated that LAU-0901 plus AT-NPD1 treatment affords high-grade neuroprotection in MCAo, equaling or exceeding that afforded by LAU-0901 or AT-NPD1 alone at considerably moderate doses, and it has a broad therapeutic window extending to 6 hours after stroke onset.
An Ectosymbiosis-Based Mechanism of Eukaryogenesis
Authors: Wong Tze-Fei , Chan Chung-Kwon , Long Xi , Hong Xue
Published: February 2023

The mechanisms proposed for eukaryogenesis are divisible into mitochondria-early and mitochondria-late ones, where the mitochondriate-eukaryotes were evolutionary precursors or products of the amitochondriate-eukaryotes respectively. Analysis of prokaryote-to-eukaryote gene transfers in eukaryogenesis showed two tranches of high-intensity transfers from prokaryotes to eukaryotes mediated by the endosymbioses that gave rise to mitochondria and chloroplasts, and hundreds of medium-intensity transfers which included the transfer of hydrogenase and pyruvate: ferredoxin oxidoreductase genes from the Thermoanaerobacter-Hungateiclostridium-Sporanaerobacter group of bacteria to the amitochondriate eukaryotes. Since 94.5% of these medium-intensity transfers generated more than 100 inter-proteome similarity hits between each donor-recipient pair, they were not readily explicable by horizontal gene transfers or endosymbioses, pointing instead to the participation of a huge number of ectosymbiotic transfers. The euryarchaeon Aciduliprofundum boonei and the gammaproteobacterium Escherichia coli were among the foremost contributors of archaeal and bacterial genes to the eukaryotic DNA-apparati respectively, and the ratios of the genes in different eukaryotes indicated that Microsporidia have retained more of the genomic imprint of Aciduliprofundum than all other eukaryotes. These findings supported an ectosymbiosis-based mechanism of eukaryogenesis with Aciduliprofundum as the Archaeal Parent of Eukarya, and Microsporidia as the eukaryotes phylogenetically closest to the Last Eukaryotic Common Ancestor.
Alteration of Activated Phenotypes of the Macrophages Treated with Lipopolysaccharide and Interferon- by Sodium Bicarbonate in the Culture Medium
Authors: Amano Fumio
Published: February 2023

Macrophage is the immune phagocytic cell, playing variety of immunological and inflammatory reactions. The macrophage activation has been extensively studied in vitro using culture media like Dulbecco's modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM) and Ham's F-12 medium (F-12) in response to bacterial infection, tumor development, cytokines and so on. In the study of macrophage activation during co-culture with EL-4 tumor cells, we found different phenotypes of J774.1 macrophage-like cell line in F-12 and DMEM, when treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and interferon-g (IFN- g). Among these phenotypes, nitric oxide (NO) production with corresponding inducible NO synthase (iNOS) expression was remarkable, showing higher in F-12 than in DMEM. Besides, O2-generating activity and production of interleukin-1b (IL-1b) were also higher in F-12 than DMEM, although production of tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF- a) was higher in DMEM than F-12. RT-PCR analysis revealed significantly higher expression of mRNA of iNOS, IL-1 b, IL-18, IkBa in F-12, but higher that of p65 and p105 in DMEM after treatment with LPS + IFN-g, suggesting these differences being induced at the transcriptional levels. Through investigation of critical factor(s) in these culture media that influence the activation phenotypes of the macrophages, we found that sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) concentrations in these culture media, 14 mM in Ham's F-12 and 44 mM in DMEM, were the key. Culture medium-induced differences in macrophage activation were also observed in RAW264.7 macrophage-like cell line and in mouse peritoneal macrophages. The recent studies suggested involvement of carrier (SLC) transporter gene expression and subsequent elevation of JAK/STAT signaling cascades in these NaHCO3 responses. Taken together, these results provide evidence for the importance of NaHCO3 in the culture medium in the macrophage activation in vitro, implying important insights to the NaHCO3 concentration in vivo in the body of patients suffering from inflammation, tumor development or immune disorders where macrophage activation is involved.
Prospects for developing lipoprotein-based drug transporters for therapeutic applications.
Authors: Lacko Andras , Sabnis Nirupama , Stankowska Dorota , Dossou Akpedje , Ma Rong , Petty Ronald , Dickerman Rob , Bunnell Bruce
Published: February 2023

The primary focus of this review is lipoprotein-based drug carriers, more specifically, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) type nanoparticles (NPs). These nanostructures are discussed regarding their suitability for clinical applications, particularly for cancer therapy. Poor solubility and insufficient capability to selectively target malignant tumors represent significant challenges facing many anticancer drugs. Nevertheless, we and others have found that most, if not all, of these difficulties, can be overcome by incorporating drugs into lipoprotein nanocarriers1. While not a novel approach, as HDL type NPs have been documented to deliver anticancer agents to cancer cells effectively and tumors2,3,4,5, including those that, on their own (without facilitation), exhibited less than desirable therapeutic efficacy6, due to their desirable features (see below), HDL type drug carriers, at least in our view, hold tremendous promise as facilitators of cancer chemotherapy. One of the key aspects of the HDL-type NP-facilitated drug transport is the receptor-mediated uptake of the payload from the NPs7,8. Consequently, in this review, major emphasis is placed on monitoring the expression of the scavenger receptor type B1 (SR-B1) as a potentially valuable tool for the pre-treatment selection of patients regarding their suitability for advanced, personalized chemotherapy. The main emphasis in this article is on developing novel cancer therapeutics, while approaches for treating other diseases via lipoprotein nanocarriers are briefly discussed.
Platelet Rich Fibrin (PRF) - A Novel Regenerative Material in oral and maxillofacial surgery - A LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: AK SUTHANRAJ , DEVAR NIRMALA , P VELMURUGAN , M VEERAMUTHU , V DEEPAK , V MAGADALINE
Published: February 2023

The development of novel regenerative material to reduce inflammation and enhance healing process is one of the greatest task in clinical research. PRF ( platelet rich fibrin) is an second generation platelet concentrate which has gained popularity in recent years due to its unique regenerative process. Platelet Rich Fibrin is completely autologous material with extended growth factor release compared to other growth concentrates. The standard quality and quantity of the fibrin matrix , leukocytes, platelets, and growth factors of PRF demands a standard protocol for preparation. The use of Platelet Rich Fibrin treatment has shown increased cellular proliferation, osteogenesis and mineralisation thereby enhancing wound healing capacity. Due to its versatility Platelet Rich Fibrin serves as workhorse in wound healing. This Review article attempts to encapsulate the technique, it’s preparation and use of Platelet Rich Fibrin in the field of oral and maxillofacial surgery.
Perspectives on the Role of Triangulation in Medicine and Health Care
Authors: Kowalski Charles , Mrdjenovich Adam , Redman Richard
Published: February 2023

We consider the use of triangulation— the idea that we should examine a given phenomenon from a number of angles to get a “rounded appreciation” for the phenomenon in question— in health care. Viewing triangulation itself from a number of perspectives (e.g., related approaches, philosophical underpinnings, examples of applications), we argue that some form of triangulation will often prove useful to the researcher and clinician, though the approach has limitations and which form, if any, should be used in a given situation depends on context.
Predictive Factors for Acute Liver Failure or Death in Patients with Acute Liver Injury: A Longitudinal Retrospective Study
Authors: Silva Isabel , Aguiar Ana , Oliveira Ana , Guimas Arlindo , Vita Pedro , Alves Rute , Rego Ana , Ferreira Álvaro , Pinto Alexandre , Ricardo Miguel , Carvalheiras Graziela , Novo Ana , Vigário Ana , Marinho Ricardo , Costa Ana , Valadares Diana , Nery Filipe
Published: February 2023

Background & Aims: Severe acute liver injury (ALI) precedes acute liver failure (ALF). Risk factors related to ALI progression to ALF or death, are not well-known. We aimed to investigate which predictors of poor outcomes can be identified in patients with ALI. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 59 patients with ALI diagnosis, admitted from 2010 to 2021 in our Intermediate Medical Care Unit, and checked for clinical, biochemical and imagiological data, in order to explore their relationship with progression to ALF or death. Results: From the 59 patients with ALI, 11 (18.6%) evolved to ALF and 9 (15.3%) died during the hospital staying or within the first month after discharge. Not having drug-induced liver injury or ischemic hepatitis as etiological factors was associated to increased progression to ALF (hazard ratio [HR] 0.17; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.03-0.96; P=0.041). In univariate analysis, ascites related to development to ALF (HR 0.25; 95% CI: 0.06-0.97; P=0.037) and death (HR 7.09; 95% CI: 1.55-33.04; P=0.006), while renal dysfunction, was only allied to death (HR 0.99; 95% CI: 0.97-1.00; P=0.035). Inflammatory markers at admission were not linked to progression to ALF. Yet, increased C reactive-protein levels were commonly found in patients who died (HR 1.01; 95% CI: 1.00-1.03; P=0.035). In multivariate analysis, only ascites remained significant (P=0.005) as predictor of death. Conclusions: In patients with ALI, ascites at presentation is the only marker of poor prognosis (mainly to death). Still, those who are more inflamed or have renal dysfunction at baseline are more willing to die.
Physical Activity During Pregnancy – Effects on Fetal and Newborn Health and Future Maternal Well Being
Authors: Shlomo Izhar , Mor Ron
Published: February 2023

Physical activity (PA) is known to improve quality of life during pregnancy and prevent complications, associated with several chronic conditions. In this review, following a succinct summary of relevant physiological aspects of gestation and effort, we summarize recent literature on the effect of PA on fetal condition and newborn outcome as well as on future maternal well-being. Many women become aware of their health issues as they plan pregnancy or become pregnant turning the period of pregnancy into a window of opportunity to establish healthier routines of life for the future. It was found that physical activity leads to less weight gain during pregnancy, as well as lower weight retention. Active women experience improved course of labor as well as lower rates of post-partum depression. As the main concern of the pregnant woman is her future baby's condition, information regarding this is crucial for those practitioners wishing to help women establish new habits, the center of which is regularly scheduled physical activity. It was shown that newborns to active women are less likely to be either macrosomic or small for gestational age. Children of women who kept physically active during pregnancy had less autistic spectrum disorders and better brain growth, as well as less sleeping disorders.
Analysis of Islamic Processing Messages in the Film of Nyai Ahmad Dahlan by Dyah Kalsitorini (Charles Sanders Peirce’s Semiotic Model)
Authors: Trimurti Asih Ananda , Irfanudin Fahmi
Published: February 2023

The film is a medium of communication as well as an effective medium of da’wah and can be well received by all levels of society, especially Muslims. Nyai Ahmad Dahlan film is a biopic film that tells the story of the life journey of Siti Walidah, who is often known as Nyai Ahmad Dahlan. This research aims to find out what da’wah messages are in the Nyai Ahmad Dahlan film. The researcher uses the semiotic analysis of Charles Sanders Peirce, using three stages: the sign, the use of the sign (interpretant), and the reference sign (object). This study uses a descriptive qualitative method using a data analysis approach to answer the problems formulated. The data is obtained from several scenes that refer to the message of da’wah and similar previous studies. From the research that has been conducted, it is concluded that the Nyai Ahmad Dahlan film contains several messages of Islamic da’wah, including messages of aqidah (belief), moral messages, and sharia messages in the form of muamalah (relations between humans).
Herbal immunity booster against Covid-19- A review
Authors: Warghane Komal Khond , Tiware Shital , Samrutwar Janhavi
Published: February 2023

This review focused on the use of nutrients and herbs for enhancing the immunity against COVID‐19. In humans, corona viruses are causing the common cold and, recently, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). This presents a major threat to public health. The novel coronavirus has spread rapidly to multiple countries and has been declared a pandemic by the WHO. COVID‐19 is usually caused by a virus to which most probably the people with low immunity response are being affected. Herbal plants increase the intestinal beneficial bacteria which are helpful and make up the immune system. In addition to the well-known personal hygiene and preventive measures against the new coronavirus (COVID-19), we can also follow some simple recommendations regarding our nutrition that strengthen our immune system and could better prepare us for an epidemic. The virus rapidly spreads too many people within a short period of time. Good nutrition is crucial for health, particularly in times when the immune system might need to fight back. It can also potentially lead to an increased consumption of highly processed foods, which tend to be high in fats, sugars and salt. Nonetheless, even with few and limited ingredients, one can continue eating a diet that supports good health. Various studies investigated that a powerful antioxidant glutathione and a bioflavonoid Quercetin may prevent various infections including COVID‐19. In conclusion, the Nutrition and Herbal plants play a vital role to enhance the immunity of people to control of COVID‐19.
Dapagliflozin: A molecule for type-2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Ravinandan A P  , Vishwas Hunsur Nagendra , Hosur Shashank S , Mohammed Mustafa G.  , Kavya H.B.
Published: February 2023

Dapagliflozin which is also known as Farxiga in the US and Forxiga in the EU is a drug which was developed by Bristol-Myers Squibb in partnership with Astra Zeneca. It is also available in Oxra and it is marking by Sun Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd. It contains the active substance Dapagliflozin which is the second member of selective sodium glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitor and it is the first group among oral anti-diabetic agents which are independent of insulin secretion. The drug Dapagliflozin shows the action of reducing the blood glucose by preventing the reabsorption of glucose at the renal proximal tubule and avoids insulin resistance. It is a new molecule that helps in maintaining the glycemic control either in mono therapy or combinational therapy or add on therapy. This is a review article which summarizes the details of Dapagliflozin.
Antimicrobial properties of some plant essential oils against two human pathogens
Authors: Ahmad Mir Raouf , Ahmad Khushnawaz
Published: February 2023

The antimicrobial activity of essential oils distilled from Tea tree () Rosemary (), Lavender (), Eucalyptus (), Clove (), , Geranium essential oils and mineral oils were screened against two pathogenic fungi, Candida albicans which causes scalp dandruff and Trichophyton rubrum that causes athlete's foot while for the testing, poison food method was used.

The purpose of this brief review is to describe the properties of essential oils, principally as antifungal agents, against two most important fungal infections that are Dandruff and Athlete’s foot. The invitro studies of the tested essential oils revealed the positive inhibitory on the tested fungal pathogens. The results showed that the essential oil of almost three aromatic plants have the potential to be used for management of two pathogenic fungi, which causes scalp dandruff and that causes athlete's foot.

Hence, the essential oils from medicinal plants used in this study hold great potential for the antifungal properties. However mineral oil showed less activity against the four fungi tested as compared to essential oils.
A COVID-19 complication of bilateral lower motor neuron facial palsy
Authors: Divya B M  , Shylashree  , Saikrupa B V
Published: February 2023

COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2), profoundly infectious disease which manifests as respiratory symptoms is potentially fatal due to multiorgan involvement and greatly of public health concern. However neurological symptoms could be the first or only symptom of the disease. Here, we report an unusual case of an international traveler who was diagnosed with COVID-19 after presenting with bilateral lower motor neuron (LMN) palsy, despite showing no respiratory manifestations at initial presentation.
Application of the nickelized carbon fibre as a nickel oxide electrode basis
Authors:   The Southern Russian State Polytechnical University (NPI) of M. I. Platov, Morozova A. P. , Selivanov V. N. ,   The Southern Russian State Polytechnical University (NPI) of M. I. Platov
Published: February 2023

The manufacturing techniques nickel oxide electrode with a basis from a nickelized carbon fibre are offered. Comparative research of electrochemical characteristics (specific electric capacity, the self-category) pre-production models with a control industrial sample an nickel oxide electrode with a ceramic-metal basis carried out. It is established, that application of a basis from a nickelized carbon fibre allows to reduce the charge of nickel and his alloys, to simplify manufacturing techniques of an electrode. Pre-production models nickel oxide electrodes have a high operational resource as are less subject to washing away of active weight due to fiber structure of a basis.
Portabie power sourse based on alkaline fuel cells with indirect oxidation of sodium borohydride
Authors:   National Research University ", Ladovskii A. V. ,   MEI", Korovin Nikolai Vasil'evich ,   National Research University "MEI"
Published: February 2023

In this work the main principles used in the development of portable power source based on fuel cells with indirect oxidation of sodium borohydride are described, the general arrangement of this power source is shown, and its operating mechanism is described. The proposed power source has a number of advantages over existing portable power sources. The application of alkaline fuel cells enables to discard expensive solid-polymer electrolyte, catalysts and constructional materials that will lead to significant decrease of the power source cost. The ability to implement hydrogen and water mixture recirculation through the anode chambers of the fuel cell stack and hydrogen generator cartridge will enable to simplify the portable power source design and decrease its mass and dimension parameters. The carried out calculation of portable power source specific parameters showed that its specific parameters should exceed the parameters of lithium-ion batteries.
Edutainment in social studies learning: Can it develop critical thinking skills and creativity?
Authors: Kurniawati Yeni , Komalasari Kokom , Supriatna Nana , Wiyanarti Erlina
Published: February 2023

This study is a response to the current conditions of social studies teaching and learning in Indonesia, which are considered tedious, emphasizing low-level components of intellectual growth. Such conditions necessitate the development  of the Social Sciences teachers’ creativity to create enjoyable learning that accommodates students' competency attainment. This study aims to investigate, analyze, and characterise edutainment-based social science learning innovations adopted in junior high school. Research and development were employed in the study. It began with a preliminary investigation, followed by constructing an educational entertainment model. According to the study's findings, there are three forms of edutainment development in social science education. These include instructional games, edutainment through the "If History" technique, and edutainment through creative writing techniques. These three methods were found to be promoting students’ participation in the learning process through engaging activities and exploring content familiar to the student's context. This type of research has the potential to develop a creative and innovative Social Science learning model in junior secondary education. 
Keywords: education in the social sciences, edutainment, learning model