bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effect of sensory-cognitive training on perception, attention and memory in elderly people
Authors: Medvedev I. S. , Pak S. P. , Ogorodnikova E. A.
Published: December 2024

The effect of sensory-cognitive training on features of perception, attention and memory in elderly and senile people was studing. The experimental group included 16 elderly and senile volunteer subjects (average age 73 ±1.7 years) who did not have a history of significant age-related sensory and neurological problems (survey data). All subjects underwent a course of sensory-cognitive exercises for 4 weeks, as well as psychophysical testing and assessment of psychological health resources before and after the training.
A significant improvement in target sensory-cognitive indicators (perception, attention, memory) in the experimental group and the dynamics of a number of individual psychological characteristics (anxiety, hierarchy in the value system, vital durability and cheerfulness) were shown. The results allow us to conclude that the developed course of sensory-cognitive training helps to update both the potential of sensory-cognitive processes and the psychological health resources of older people. This indicates the preventive importance of functional training in the context of reducing the age-related risks of developing dementia and achieving the goals of active aging.
Effect of weather conditions during post-diapause development of black-veined white aporia crataegi l. (lepidoptera: pieridae) on the variation of wing venation
Authors: Solonkin I. А. , Zakharova E. Yu. , Shkurikhin А. О.
Published: December 2024

Abstract – The work studied the effects of air temperature and precipitation during the post-diapause development of preimaginal stages, as well as wing size, on the occurrence of deviations from normal wing venation in Aporia crataegi. Samples collected from a natural population in the southern Sverdlovsk region from 2013 to 2022 were analyzed. The occurrence of wing venation abnormalities was shown to be depend on weather conditions during the development of larvae and pupae in spring, as well as the size of the adults. Some variants were more frequent in years with cold and rainy springs, while the occurrence of others was not dependent on the weather. Certain wing venation abnormalities were more common in small adults, while others were more common in larger individuals. The results obtained indicate a variable degree of canalization and sensitivity of wing vein development in Aporia crataegi to the effects of environmental factors.
Using fMRI to Assess Effectiveness of Olanzapine Treatment for Schizophrenia
Authors: Copenhaver William Kyle , Lo David F. , Rothenberg Hanna , Khurana Eeshan , Rome Valerie , Wasif Uzayr , Shamilov Don D.
Published: December 2024

Schizophrenia is a complex mental illness with neurobiological underpinnings and misconceptions about violence. Schizophrenia is associated with high levels of creativity and structural traits like fewer D2 receptors. Patients face reduced life expectancy due to cardiovascular diseases and cope through smoking and sedentariness. Treatment involves pharmacological antipsychotics like olanzapine and nonpharmacological approaches. Olanzapine works by antagonizing D2 receptors but has side effects like weight gain and diabetes risk. fMRI is used to study treatment mechanisms and predict response, but research on olanzapine's brain network effects is limited.
Unveiling the Impact: Structural Racism and Childhood Lead Exposure's Health Consequences in Philadelphia
Authors: Naqvi Mahhum , Naqvi Mahrukh , Stout Justin , Spencer Colton
Published: December 2024

Childhood lead exposure poses a significant risk to health and well-being, adversely affecting brain function, nervous system development, and behavioral patterns. This study examines the health disparities and inequities associated with childhood lead exposure in Philadelphia, focusing on structural racism and residential segregation as crucial lenses for analysis. By delving into the sociocultural context of lead exposure, this study underscores the imperative of collaborative efforts among stakeholders to safeguard Philadelphia's most vulnerable populations. Healthcare professionals and policymakers play pivotal roles in enhancing funding and prevention strategies. Addressing this issue through the prism of structural racism allows for the identification and rectification of systemic and institutional factors contributing to health disparities. Through stakeholder collaboration and historical insights, this review aims to offer guidance for shielding the city's most at-risk children from lead exposure.
What Stigmas Still Exist for Weight Loss Medications?
Authors: Panah Abdullah , Collins Phillip
Published: December 2024

Background and Hypothesis:

Medications for weight loss are becoming far more common as more tolerable formulas have come to the market with some medications offering results almost on par with bariatric surgery. However, studies show a stigma still persists around the discussion and perception around using weight loss medications. The authors of this study hypothesized that one of the biggest hurdles patients face for weight loss medications are the stigmas associated with taking these medicines and approaching the topic.

Methods:

This was a survey-based project that consisted of an anonymous, voluntary questionnaire which was provided to patients during their regular primary care office visit. Responses to the questionnaire were summarized to help determine the different stigmas associated with weight loss medications, with an emphasis on stigma towards phentermine. All data was collected amongst patients 18-89 years of age with a BMI >30 and a diagnosis of obesity.

Results:

In the several months of data collection, a total of four responses were collected. Three of the participants rated the lack of information around weight loss medications being the biggest barrier to pursuing them. All the responses indicated their PCP discussed weight loss with them, while most first heard about weight loss medications from their PCP. Three participants were aware of FDA approval for weight loss medications. Finally, three participants had no preference between injection versus oral medications. Further evaluation of our data is forthcoming.

Conclusion:

This study demonstrates that most patients find out about weight loss medications from their PCP. The results demonstrated the biggest concerns with taking weight loss medications are the side effect profiles and a lack of familiarity with the different medication options.
The Effects of Circadian Misalignment on Astrocyte Morphology in the Nucleus Tractus Solitarius
Authors: Patel Kush C. , Shenouda Mina , Martinex Diana
Published: December 2024

Circadian misalignment, as experienced by shift workers, was found to increase the number of astrocytes in the nucleus tractus solitarius (nTS) - a brain region crucial for autonomic control of blood pressure. Sprague Dawley rats subjected to a 6-hour light-dark phase delay every 2 days to simulate shift work exhibited a significant increase in astrocyte cell bodies compared to control rats, both at 9am and 9pm timepoints. The increase in astrocytes may lead to greater glutamate uptake, reducing extracellular glutamate levels in the nTS. Decreased glutamatergic neurotransmission in this region has been linked to the development of hypertension. These findings suggest that circadian misalignment induces astrocyte proliferation in the nTS, which could impair glutamate signaling and contribute to the elevated blood pressure observed in shift workers. Further research is needed to fully understand the mechanisms by which astrocyte changes in the nTS mediate the hypertensive effects of circadian disruption. This research provides important insights into how shift work and circadian misalignment may adversely impact cardiovascular health through alterations in astrocyte morphology and function within the nTS.
Transcranial Electrical Stimulation as a Treatment for Aging-Related Cognitive Disorders: Review of Published Evidence
Authors: Dadi Srujan , Jackson Kyle , Shamilov Don
Published: December 2024

Alzheimer's disease (AD) and MCI are a major concern in modern neuropsychiatric care, chiefly for their difficult management. This strategic literature review categorizes MCI via the Jak-Bondi criteria and relates it to tES treatment paradigms. Commonly used outcome measures and regional brain mapping data synergizes associations between MCI pathology and potential tES treatment targets. Effect sizes were calculated and attributed to outcome measures based on primary articles evaluating the efficacy of tES. These were then corresponded to a desired Jack-Bondi classification. A better understanding of the efficacy of tES on specific brain regions in synergy with diagnostic criteria will allow for standardization of treatment across all individuals impacted by MCI and Alzheimer’s pathology. This review suggests tES is ready to be brought out of an experimental phase, and can be used to guide new standards of care in the MCI patient population.
The Neuroprotective Role of Lipoxin A4 in Reinstating Blood Brain Barrier Integrity in Neuroinflammatory Disease Processes
Authors: Patel Minjal , Acharya Nimish
Published: December 2024

Background: The blood-brain barrier (BBB), formed by the vascular endothelium, astrocytic foot processes, pericytes, is a highly selective barrier that is responsible for maintaining brain homeostasis and ultimately proper neuronal function. Disruption of the BBB, leading to increased BBB permeability, has been reported in several neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and traumatic brain injury (TBI).1 Loss of BBB integrity leads to the proliferation of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including TNFɑ, IL-1β, and IL-6.2 Moderate inflammation has a beneficial response in the system following an acute injury. However, prolonged inflammation has been known to perturb homeostasis and have devastating neurodegenerative effects.4-7 Therefore, anti-inflammatory compounds are extensively tested for their potential therapeutic role in lowering these inflammatory changes. Lipoxins (LXs) are a class of arachidonate-derived eicosanoids, which are a class of specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators (SPMs).8 Hence, lipoxins are recognized as “breaking signals” in the inflammatory process. One form of lipoxin, Lipoxin A4 (LXA4), has been found to decreased production of proinflammatory mediators, inhibit neutrophils chemotaxis and infiltration to the site of injury, and promote the phagocytic clearance of debris by macrophages.4,12,13,14 This literature review aims at understanding the neuroprotective role of LXA4 in reducing BBB breakdown and reinstating BBB integrity.

Hypothesis: LXA4 treatment attenuates acute inflammation and reinstates the BBB integrity in acute BBB breakdown and inflammation.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search was performed using PubMed and EMBASE databases.

Conclusion: LXA4 serves a critical role in resolution of inflammatory process by regulating the activation of monocytes and modulating the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). LXA4 treatment has shown to reinstate the BBB integrity in acute BBB breakdown models.
The Impact of Traumatic Brain Injury on Noradrenergic Innervation of the Prefrontal Cortex
Authors: Modi Jil P. , Knapp Christopher P. , Navarra Rachel L.
Published: December 2024

Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is a common cause of death and disability in the United States, and it can occur due to varied reasons including motor vehicle accidents, gunshot wounds, and falls. Following TBIs, patients are often left with lifelong disabilities and cognitive problems that can lead to increased risk-taking behaviors. The main goal of my research was to understand the neural mechanisms that drive increased risk-taking behaviors due to TBIs. The specific areas of the brain I was interested in looking at were the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), and/or anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) of the prefrontal cortex (PFC). Higher order executive functions that guide complex decision-making are regulated by the PFC and are most often impacted by TBIs. During my summer research fellowship, I studied noradrenergic innervation of the OFC by performing a fiber analysis study. In order to do this, my plan was to investigate the relative density of Dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DBH) fibers and norepinephrine transporter fibers (NET) within the OFC at week 1 versus week 4 post-experimental repetitive mild traumatic brain injury (rmTBI) or sham surgery of adult male and female Long Evans rats (n=4/group, 4 groups).
Ultrasound versus Radiography for Evaluating Surgical Necrotizing Enterocolitis
Authors: Aftab Sayed H. , Martinez-Correa Santiago , Huynh Minh-huy , Lerebo Wondwossen T. , Delgado Jorge , Denis Rebecca , Hwang Misun
Published: December 2024

Purpose:

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is an abdominal inflammatory condition that is common in premature neonates. Although abdominal radiograph (AR) remains the imaging standard for NEC, it may miss up to 50% of early signs of NEC and has been described to have a sensitivity as low as 15.4% for detecting pneumoperitoneum. Abdominal ultrasound (US) is portable, non-invasive, and allows real-time bowel integrity, movement, and perfusion assessment. We aim to evaluate the concordance between US and AR in detecting NEC features and the diagnostic performance of both modalities in detecting pneumoperitoneum.

Methods and materials:

We conducted an IRB-approved retrospective, cross-sectional, single-center study. We identified infants with a diagnosis of NEC confirmed by pathology reports that had a bowel US and AR studies obtained before surgery from January 2012 to August 2022. We extracted clinical and demographic data from our electronic chart system. Two pediatric radiologists, blinded to reports, evaluated the images to determine the presence of pneumatosis (PI), portal vein gas (PVG), bowel distension (BD), and pneumoperitoneum on both modalities. A third pediatric radiologist resolved discrepant responses. We calculated the diagnostic performance of both modalities to detect perforation based on the presence of pneumoperitoneum, and the concordance between them utilizing the kappa statistic (κ). We excluded studies with insufficient diagnostic quality.

Results

Our cohort included 9 girls and 22 boys, median age 23 days (IQR 14.5-55 days). Of those, 23 (76%) were born prematurely, and 20 had confirmed intestinal perforation. US demonstrated 35% sensitivity and 90% specificity, while AR demonstrated 15% sensitivity and 100% specificity. Agreement between US and AR was 10/30 (33.3%) for PI (κ=0.01), 22/28 (79%) for PVG (κ=0.2), 19/31 (61%) for BD (κ=0.21), and 24/31 (77%) for pneumoperitoneum (κ=0.34). Each feature was present more frequently on US than AR.

Conclusion:

Our study demonstrated that abdominal US was a valuable complementary tool for detecting NEC features and intestinal perforation. Despite a low to moderate agreement between both modalities, US consistently outperformed AR in identifying NEC features, including pneumoperitoneum. These findings highlight the significance of integrating US into the NEC diagnostic process and the need for revising the current NEC diagnostic algorithm. Future efforts include larger cohorts and a collaborative approach to improve the NEC diagnostic algorithm.
Updates to Acne Vulgaris Treatment: A Review of a Topical Androgen Receptor Inhibitor
Authors: Alapatt Catherine F. , Matanaj Klaudia
Published: December 2024

Acne Vulgaris is an inflammatory skin disorder that is common among adolescents and young adults. Acne is defined as a chronic inflammatory dermatosis which consists of open comedones (blackheads), closed comedones (whiteheads) and inflammatory lesions. There are many ways to combat acne, one of which is to stop the effects of androgens on androgen receptors. Here we will review Clascoterone, a medication approved for the treatment of acne. Clascoterone is the first topical medication to target the hormonal pathogenesis of acne. It was approved by the FDA in 2020 and is effective in treatment of acne vulgaris in patients 12 years of age and older.
Unplanned Pregnancy as an Independent Risk Factor for Antepartum SI in a Post Roe vs. Wade World
Authors: McNamee Rianna
Published: December 2024

Abstract: The objective of this literature review is to determine whether unplanned pregnancy is an independent risk factor for developing antepartum SI. Background: The Supreme Court of the United States of America recently ruled that the constitution of the United States does not confer a right to abortion to its citizens. As of October 2023, twenty-one states had developed full or partial bans on abortion, resulting in millions of Americans residing in areas where terminating unplanned pregnancy is not a viable option. There is evidence that indicates antepartum suicidal ideation (SI) is higher than that of the general population, however the rate of completion of antepartum suicide is lower than that of the general population. Risk factors for antepartum SI are important to identify for early intervention, and it is now more vital than ever to understand how the U.S.’s reproductive health landscape may contribute to these risk factors. Methods: This literature review utilized the databases PubMed, and PsycINFO as queries for primary data. Inclusion criteria included written in the English language, peer-reviewed, methodology of cross-sectional or longitudinal study design, and published between 2003 and 2023. Studies were excluded based on relevance, with articles focused on postpartum SI/depression, suicidal action/self-harm, and antepartum SI associated with specific medical conditions/medications excluded. Results: A total of 6 studies were included in this literature review with incidence rates of antepartum SI ranging from 1.3% to 27.8%. Independent risk factors for antepartum SI that were identified across multiple studies were: history of depression or other psychiatric disorders; partner violence or marital problems; and belonging to a racial or ethnic minority. Unplanned pregnancy failed to be established as an independent risk factor for antepartum SI. Discussion: While unplanned pregnancy was not found to be an independent risk factor in this study, it has the potential to contribute to likelihood of developing antepartum SI in patients with already established independent risk factors. The major limitation of this study was the lack of literature regarding the risk of developing SI during pregnancy and relating that risk to unplanned pregnancy, as well as the lack of literature conducted after the Dobbs vs. Jackson Women’s Health decision. As the Dobbs vs. Jackson Women’s Health decision affects more pregnant Americans, it is important that we continue to monitor our pregnant patients for signs and symptoms of SI and to continue to examine potential risk factors.
The Positive Impact of Gender Affirming Care on Mental Health Outcomes Among Transgender & Nonbinary LGBTQ+ Adolescents and Young Adults, A Review of Global Literature
Authors: Skiba Bartosz
Published: December 2024

LGBTQ+ adolescents and young adults (AYA) continue to face an increased burden of adverse mental health outcomes, including major depressive disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, and suicidal ideation. Among this group, transgender and gender nonbinary (TNB) individuals experience a disproportionate burden of these outcomes. Citing the positive impact of gender-affirming care in TNB adults, this literature review aims to examine the role of gender-affirming care in the context of mental health outcomes, specifically in the TNB AYA population.

A review of global literature was conducted by searching four databases (Pubmed, CINAHL, Embase, PsychInfo). Eligibility criteria include studies that reported mental health outcomes among persons receiving gender-affirming therapies, studies conducted among TNB AYA of ages 18 and/or younger, and data collected no earlier than 2013. All of the studies were independently screened and synthesized following PRISMA guidelines. Of the 229 initial search items, 18 met the inclusion criteria for this literature review.

Of the 18 included items, 17 cited a statistically significant decrease in the prevalence of depressive symptoms and suicidality associated with gender-affirming hormone replacement (GAH) and gender-affirming surgery (GAS) therapies, of which depression symptoms were quantified using the PHQ-9 scale. Of important note, depressive symptoms, and suicidality varied between the different types of GAS, such as double mastectomy, vaginoplasty, and phalloplasty.

The results of this literature review highlight the therapeutic advantage of gender-affirming care, GAH or GAS, in the context of alleviating adverse mental health outcomes in the TNB AYA population. The findings of this review were limited by the lack of disaggregated data by race, socioeconomic status, and access to gender-affirming therapies. Further research avenues include qualitative research aimed at capturing the lived experiences of TNB AYA receiving gender-affirming care and specific quantitative analysis of the individual gender-affirming surgeries on their respective roles in mediating adverse mental health outcomes.
Lactoferrin: Structure, biological functions as functional food and maintaining health
Authors: Rodwal Imranullah , Shinwari Habib Rahim , Naizi Mir Hatam , Sherzad Hedayatullah , MARAPPAN GOPI
Published: December 2024

Lactoferrin is part of a range of bio-proteins and dairy ingredients specifically designed and developed for nutritional products, particularly in the infant and sports nutrition sectors. Lactoferrin is known as a leader in the technology of milk fractionation and processes. These agents could positively influence the individual’s growth and/or their nutritional status and alleviate various health aliments including inflammatory conditions, endotoxin shock, and drug induced damage. 
          Lactoferrin is generally used as a nutritional supplement. In the last few decades, bovine lactoferrin, an iron-binding glycoprotein and whey protein known for its beneficial effects, has been purified and characterized by scientists from both bovine milk and tears.  Due to their various biological properties, they are used to treat diseases, and regular dietary recommendations are being made to address several disorders in the body. 
           For this review, an extensive web search has been carried out using various scientific databases for lactoferrin related studies. The search keywords used were “lactoferrin”, “nutraceuticals”, “sources”, “chemical structure”, “biological functions”, “synthesis”, “immunity”, “disease”. 
Lactoferrin has several activities such as anti-microbial, antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, cytoprotective, antifungal, and iron-binding activity. Research has demonstrated various beneficial effects, especially in inflammatory conditions and in the fight against cancer. Lactoferrin is likewise applied in ﬁsh to modulate the intestinal immune system and can constitute a nice supplement in aquaculture. For viral and microbial inhibition, it is recommended to take 64 mg per day for adults. 
        Lactoferrin can be applicable in both food and non-food system. In the food system, it can be applicable in functional foods, probiotic foods, milk, soybean oil, and edible coating of cheese. 
Keywords: Biological functions, health, immunity, lactoferrin, structure.
A Systematic Review of Automated Writing Evaluation Feedback: Validity, Effects and Students’ Engagement
Authors: Liu Wen
Published: December 2024

Automated writing evaluation feedback (AWE) has become popular in writing classrooms. However, few studies have conducted a comprehensive review of the employment of AWE in learning areas. This study aimed to provide a systematic review of the current research on AWE feedback, including its validity, effects, and students' engagement with AWE feedback. A total of 68 articles were collected from SSCI and A & HCL-indexed journals, which were published from 2008 to 2023. Concerning the validity of automated feedback, some research reported that the accuracy rate of AWE error flagging was inconclusive and students showed more preference for instructor feedback than AWE feedback. Regarding the effects of AWE feedback, most studies supported the positive evidence of AWE feedback on students' writing outcomes. Additionally, some research found less positive and mixed results, highlighting AWE feedback's shortcomings. Most students held positive feelings toward AWE feedback and perceived it as practical under the intervention of students' engagement. This review has made some implications and suggestions for the stakeholders in this field.
Audiovisual Tools in Teaching/Learning French Language Lexicon in Primary Education Albanian: A Case Study
Authors: Basha Aurela , Hoxha Rudina
Published: December 2024

In the current digital era, foreign language teachers in Albanian primary schools, particularly those teaching French, face significant methodological challenges. These challenges primarily concern the effective integration of technological and audiovisual tools into the teaching and learning processes. Key issues include educators' proficiency with modern technological and audiovisual resources and their understanding of the impact these tools have on the acquisition and application of French by primary school students. This study aims to elucidate the role and significance of audiovisual tools in teaching French vocabulary to 9-10-year-olds, as well as in enhancing their linguistic and pragmatic competencies in the language. The research employs both quantitative and qualitative methodologies. Quantitative methods assess children's vocabulary acquisition before and after the implementation of audiovisual tools, comparing it with traditional teaching methods to evaluate vocabulary enrichment. Qualitative methods focus on lexical and semantic development and the practical application of words and expressions in various discursive contexts. The study seeks to address these challenges and contribute to the improvement of French language instruction in Albanian primary schools, ensuring that students develop the skills necessary to thrive in a multilingual and multicultural environment.
Wie weit ist die Europäische Union beim Klimaschutz?
Authors: Rusche Christian
Published: December 2024

Die Europäische Union (EU) hat sich mit dem Green Deal ambitionierte Klimaschutzziele gesetzt. So will die EU bis 2050 alle Treibhausgasemissionen vermeiden. Deutschland strebt dieses Ziel bis 2045 an. Im Jahr 2022 hatte die EU ihre Emissionen im Vergleich zu 1990 jedoch nur um rund 27 % gesenkt, in Deutschland waren es rund 36 %. Zur Erreichung der Ziele müssen die Anstrengungen somit verstärkt werden. Die aktuellen Wahlen zum Europäischen Parlament und zur Kommissionspräsidentin deuten eher auf das Gegenteil hin.
ANALISIS FAKTOR RISIKO NYERI PUNGGUNG BAWAH PADA LANSIA DI KECAMATAN BIRINGKANAYA KOTA MAKASSAR
Authors: Islam Fahrul , Sudaryanto  , Syarifuddin Syarifuddin , Hasbiah Hasbiah , Durahim Darwis , Awal Muhammad
Published: December 2024

Nyeri punggung bawah (NPB) biasanya merupakan gejala disfungsi pada sistem muskuloskeletal NPB digambarkan sebagai perasaan nyeri, ketegangan otot, atau kekakuan lokal pada bagian bawah batas kosta dan di atas lipatan glutea inferior, tanpa disertai penjalaran ke tungkai sampai kaki (sciatica). Penyebab paling umum dari nyeri punggung bawah adalah kerobekan otot atau ligamen. Sejalan dengan meningkatnya usia akan terjadi degenerasi pada tulang dan keadaan ini mulai terjadi saat seseorang berusia 30 tahun. Pada usia 30 tahun terjadi degenerasi yang berupa kerusakan jaringan, penggantian jaringan menjadi jaringan parut, pengurangan cairan. Semakin tua seseorang, semakin tinggi risiko orang tersebut tersebut mengalami penurunan elastisitas pada tulang yang menjadi pemicu timbulnya gejala NPB. Pada umumnya keluhan muskuloskeletal mulai dirasakan pada usia kerja yaitu 25-65 tahun. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis faktor risiko nyeri punggung bawah di dengan menggunakan metode Observational analysis dengan Desain cross sectional study dimana penelitian ini terdiri atas dua tahapan yaitu tahap pertama pengumpulan data faktor risiko pada responden yang mengalami nyeri punggung bawah dan tahap kedua menganalisis risiko yang menyebabkan nyeri punggung bawah .Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dilihat dari faktor usia ditemukan paling banyak penderita NPB adalah usia >46 tahun sebanyak 45 orang (76,3%). Dilihat dari faktor indeks massa tubuh (IMT) ditemukan paling banyak penderita NPB yang overweight (berdasarkan IMT) yaitu sebanyak 45 orang (76,3%). Dilihat dari faktor lingkar perut ditemukan paling banyak penderita NPB yang tergolong kategori obesitas sebanyak 32 orang (54,2%). Kemudian dilihat dari sikap tubuh saat memutar dan mengangkat/memindahkan barang/objek ditemukan lebih banyak penderita NPB yang memiliki sikap tubuh yang tidak ergonomis sebanyak 55 orang (93,2%). Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa penderita NPB paling banyak terjadi pada usia > 46 tahun, kategori overweight (berdasarkan IMT), kategori obesitas (berdasarkan lingkar perut) dan sikap tubuh yang tidak ergonomis.
Hubungan Pengetahuan Ibu Tentang Food Borne Diseases, Water Borne Diseases dan Pengelolaan Sampah Dengan Kejadian Diare Pada Balita
Authors: Asmah Sarifatul , Dita Puteri Ade , Kusumawati Nila
Published: December 2024

Diare adalah kondisi meningkatnya frekuensi BAB lebih dari 3 kali dalam 24 jam dengan kondisi feses yang encer. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan ibu tentang food borne diseases, water borne diseases dan pengelolaan sampah dengan kejadian diare pada balita di wilayah kerja puskesmas Air Tiris. Menggunakan desain analitik kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Jumlah sampel 97 responden dengan alat ukut kuesioner yang telah di uji validitas dan reliabilitasnya. Uji statistik menggunakan chi square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ibu yang memiliki pengetahuan baik tentang food borne disease sebanyak 76,3%, ibu yang memiliki pengetahuan baik tentang water borne disease sebanyak 75,3%, ibu yang melakukan pengelolaan sampah secara kurang baik sebanyak 53,6% dan balita yang mengalami diare sebanyak 54,6%. Uji statistik menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara pengetahuan ibu tentang food borne diseases , water borne diseases dengan kejadian diare pada balita ditandai dengan nilai p=.655 dan p=.259 (p> 0,05). Sedangkan ada hubungan yang signifikan antara pengelolaan sampah dengan kejadian diare pada balita ditandai dengan nilai p= 0,013 (p<0,05). Saran kelpada instansi telrkait agar dapat mellakukan pelnyuluhan melngelnai pelngellollaan sampah yang baik agar keljadian diarel pada balita dapat dicelgah dikelmudian harinya.
Kata Kunci : Food borne diseases; water borne diseases; sampah; diare
Identifikasi Etanol Pada Urin Peminum Moke Berdasarkan Variasi Waktu Setelah Mengonsumsi Minuman
Authors: Rahmawati Rahmawati , Qadri Rasyid Nur , Suardi Suardi , Fatmawati Andi , Ravanelli Bara Fransesco
Published: December 2024

Etanol dapat ditemui di dalam minuman Moke yang memiliki dampak cukup serius jika terlalu banyak berada di dalam tubuh manusia, karena dapat menyebabkan berbagai penyakit terutama pada hati, karena organ hati yang berfungsi sebagai detoksifikasi racun dalam tubuh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi etanol pada urine pengonsumsi minuman Moke yang berasal dari Maumere Flores. Penelitian yang dilakukan merupakan penelitian eksperimen, dengan metode Kalium Dikromat. Teknik pengambilan sampel yaitu teknik purposive sampling dengan kriteria yaitu usia 25 tahun keatas, jenis kelamin laki-laki, dan lama mengonsumsi seperti 1 jam, 24 jam, dan 48 jam setelah mengonsumsi minuman. Sampel penelitian ini adalah 6 sampel urine setelah mengonsumsi minuman moke selama 1 jam, 24 jam, dan 48 jam. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa etanol tidak dapat diidentifikasi didalam urine lebih dari 24 jam sesudah mengonsumsi, yang ditandai dengan tidak adanya perubahan warna pada masing-masing urine pengonsumsi moke dalam waktu 24 jam dan 48 jam ditunjukkan dalam tabel 1, 2 dan 3. Dengan demikian, didapatkan hasil positif dari 1 jam setelah konsumsi, kemudian hasil negatif untuk 24 jam dan 48 jam. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa etanol yang terkandung dalam urine pengonsumsi minuman moke tidak dapat bertahan di dalam tubuh selama 24 jam.
Keyword: etanol, urine, pengonsumsi moke, kalium dikromat
Pola Pemberian Makan Berhubungan dengan Kejadian Stunting Balita 12-59 Bulan di Wilayah Puskesmas Tamalanrea Makassar
Authors: Wirawanti Ira Wirya , Nadimin Nadimin , Sirajuddin Sirajuddin , Dewi Thresia , Marwati St.
Published: December 2024

Prevalensi stunting di Kota Makassar meningkat dari tahun 2022 ke tahun 2023. Hal ini kontras dengan target pemerintah untuk menurunkan stunting. Pola asuh merupakan praktik pengasuhan yang mempengaruhi pertumbuhan anak. Salah satu bentuk dari pola asuh adalah pola pemberian makan ibu kepada balita. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis hubungan pola pemberian makan dengan kejadian stunting pada balita 12-59 bulan di wilayah Puskesmas Tamalanrea Makassar. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan desain cross sectional pada 53 sampel balita berusia 12-59 bulan dengan responden ibu dari balita. Sampel diambil dengan teknik purposive sampling sesuai kriteria inklusi yaitu balita yang berdomisili di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Tamalanrea; berusia 12-59 bulan; dan diasuh oleh ibu sebagai pengasuh utama. Kriteria eksklusinya mencakup balita dengan penyakit kronis seperti penyakit jantung bawaan, kelainan genetik, alergi, dan penyakit kronis lainnya yang dapat mempengaruhi pertumbuhan linier; balita dengan autisme atau retardasi mental; dan ibu yang menolak untuk berpartisipasi dalam penelitian. Data status gizi balita dikumpulkan melalui pengukuran panjang badan menggunakan infantometer atau tinggi badan menggunakan stadiometer dan data pola pemberian makan oleh ibu dikumpulkan menggunakan kuisioner FPSQ. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan persentase responden dengan pola pemberian makan rendah sebesar 33%, 20% pada ibu dengan balita stunting dan 13% pada ibu dengan balita normal. Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara pola pemberian makan dengan kejadian stunting pada balita (p=0,001) dengan hubungan yang berbanding terbalik dan tingkat keeratan hubungan yang cukup kuat (r=-0,446). Kesimpulan dari penelitian adalah semakin baik pola pemberian makan, semakin rendah resiko stunting pada balita. Hal ini mengimplikasikan pentingnya edukasi pola pemberian makan bagi ibu balita sehingga ibu dapat menerapkan pola pemberian makan yang baik kepada balita dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, khususnya di Wilayah Puskesmas Tamalanrea Makassar, untuk mencegah terjadinya stunting.
Kata kunci: Balita; Ibu balita; Pola pemberian makan; Stunting
Kadar Protein dan Vitamin C Kue Pukis Dengan Substitusi Tepung Kacang Merah (Phaseoulus Vulgaris L.) dan Tepung Kerang Darah (Anadara Granosa L.)
Authors: Suaib Fatmawaty , Sri Lestari Retno , Yusuf Yulfira
Published: December 2024

Banyak kue khas Indonesia seperti pukis yang menggunakan tepung terigu sebagai bahan bakunya, padahal Indonesia bukan negara penghasil utama tepung terigu. Untuk mengurangi ketergantungan terhadap tepung terigu, perlu dicari alternatif sumber tepung terigu lokal. Salah satu penganekaragaman pangan lokal adalah pembuatan kue pukis dengan substitusi tepung kacang merah dan tepung kerang darah. Upaya untuk mengatasi masalah anemia antara lain dengan memperbanyak konsumsi makanan kaya protein dan vitamin C, seperti kacang merah dan kerang darah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kadar protein dan vitamin C pada pukis dengan substitusi tepungkacang merah dan tepung kerang darah. Jenis penelitian ini adalah pra eksperimen  dengan menggunakan racangan laboratorik One Shot Study Case dengan formula konsentrasi tepung kacang merah dan tepung kerang darah masing masing 95 g dan 5 g, 90 g dan 10 g, serta 85 g dan 15 g. Kadar protein diuji dengan metode mikro Kjedhal dan kadar vitamin C diuji dengan metode titrasi iodium. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kadar protein kue pukis substitusi tepung kacang merah dan tepung kerang darah terdapat peningkatan F0 dan F1 sebesar 16,64%, F1 dan F2 sebesar 3,85%, F2 dan F3 7,54% dan kadar vitamin C kue pukis substitusi tepung kacang merah dan tepung kerang darah terdapat peningkatan F0 dan F1 sebesar 24,10%, F2 dan F3 sebesar 2,14%, dan penurunan presentasi F1 dan F2 -1,71%.  Bagi Peneliti selanjutnya diharapkan untuk meneliti lebih lanjut mengenai pengaruh lama penyimpanan adonan pada kadar vitamin C kue pukis substitusi tepung kacang merah dan tepung kerang darah. Serta pengolahan bahan pangan lokal lebih ditingkatkan agar menghasilkan produk yang bermanfaat bagi kesehatan
Kata kunci : Kue Pukis; Kacang Merah; Kerang Darah; Protein; Vitamin C
Analisis Fitokimia Dan Potensi Antibakteri Ekstrak Daun Pepaya (Carica papaya L.) terhadap Salmonella typhi
Authors: Rusli Rusli , Ratnah St. , Ikbal Ikbal , Vivi Vivi , Asmawaty Asmawaty , Rusdiaman Rusdiaman
Published: December 2024

Tanaman Pepaya merupakan tanaman yang banyak dibudidayakan di berbagai wilayah di Indonesia, termasuk di Desa Banrimanurung, Kecamatan Bangkala Barat, Kabupaten Jeneponto, Sulawesi Selatan. Daun Pepaya (Carica papaya L.) diketahui  mengandung beberapa  metabolit sekunder. Ekstraksi dilakukan sengan metode maserani menggunakan pelarut etanol 96%. Skrining fitokimia merupakan salah satu cara untuk mengetahui kandungan senyawa metabolit sekunder pada tanaman. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan kandungan senyawa metabolit sekunder, aktivitas antibakteri berdasarkan diameter zona hambat, dan menentukan nilai MIC dan MKC terhadap pertumbuhan Salmonella typhi dalam ekstrak Daun Pepaya (Carica papaya L.) yang ditanam di Kabupaten Jeneponto. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Daun Pepaya (Carica papaya L.) diuji positif mengandung senyawa metabolit sekunder alkaloid, flavonoid, tanin, saponin, polifenol, dan steroid. Aktivitas antibakteri diuji dengan metode difusi cakram. Konsentrasi yang digunakan yaitu 2%b/v, 4%b/v, 8%b/v, kontrol positif, dan kontrol negatif. Rata-rata zona hambat yang diperoleh dari konsentrasi 2%b/v, 4%b/v, 8%b/v, kontrol positif, dan kontrol negatif untuk Salmonella typhi yaitu 8,67 mm, 9,00 mm, 10,00 mm, kontrol positif 14,67 mm, sedangkan kontrol negatif tidak terbentuk zona hambat. Berdasarkan hasil yang penelitian yang dilakukan, disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak Daun Pepaya (Carica papaya L.) memiliki aktivitas antibakteri signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan Salmonella typhi dengan konsentrasi yang paling optimal adalah 8%b/v. Uji nilai MIC dan MKC menggunakan metode dilusi cair. Konsentrasi yang digunakan adalah 0,25%; 0,5%; 0,75%; 1%; 1,25%; 1,5%; 1,75%; 2%; 4%; 6%; 8% b/v. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai MIC (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration) ekstrak Daun Pepaya terdapat pada konsentrasi 1,75 % b/v dan nilai MKC (Minimum Killing Concentration) terdapat pada konsentrasi 6% b/v. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak Daun Pepaya (Carica papaya L.) efektif untuk menghambat dan membunuh bakteri Salmonella typhi.
Kata Kunci: Daun Pepaya, Ekstraksi, Skrining Fitokimia,  Antibakteri, Salmonella typhi
Hubungan Aktivitas Fisik dengan Kualitas Punggung Bawah Mahasiswi Ilmu Kesehatan
Authors: Pratiwi Dilia Ananda , Zuriati Zuriati , Yazid Nabil I Hauzan , Yadi Asrol
Published: December 2024

Mahasiswa dan rutinitas akademiknya sering kali menyebabkan terlalu lama dalam posisi duduk serta mengalami kekurangan waktu untuk melakukan aktivitas yang berdampak pada kesehatan sistem muskuloskeletal, terutama punggung bawah. Gangguan muskuloskeletal pada punggung bawah dapat memengaruhi siapa saja dengan perempuan sebagai populasi utama yang paling sering mengalami masalah tersebut. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui hubungan antara aktivitas fisik dengan kualitas punggung bawah mahasiswi Ilmu Kesehatan. Desain penelitian yang diterapkan dalam penelitian ini adalah cross sectional. Populasi target penelitian ini adalah seluruh mahasiswi Diploma III (DIII) Kebidanan dan Keperawatan Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan (STIKes) Bhakti Husada Cikarang tingkat satu sampai tiga. Dari keseluruhan populasi yang berjumlah 139 mahasiswi, didapatkan 79 mahasiswi sebagai sampel yang didapatkan melalui metode pengambilan sampel konsekutif. Data aktivitas fisik diambil menggunakan skor dari kuesioner International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) versi Indonesia sedangkan data kualitas punggung bawah didapatkan dari skor kuesioner Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) versi Indonesia. Uji korelasi antara kedua variabel menerapkan uji korelasi Pearson. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa profil aktivitas fisik mahasiswi  STIKes Bhakti Husada Cikarang adalah <600 MET-menit/minggu yang menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas fisik mahasiswi tergolong rendah, sementara kualitas punggung bawahnya tergolong baik berdasarkan interpretasi minimal disability dari ODI. Nilai signifikansi kedua variabel adalah sebesar 0,07 > 0,05 sehingga dapat dikatakan bahwa tidak ada korelasi antara keduanya. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah tidak terdapat hubungan antara aktivitas fisik dengan kualitas punggung bawah mahasiswi ilmu kesehatan.           
Kata kunci : Aktivitas Fisik; Gangguan Muskuloskeletal; Punggung Bawah; Mahasiswi
Pengetahuan Ibu Tentang Gizi Balita Dengan Status Gizi Balita Di Puskesmas Karangdadap Pekalongan
Authors: Andriyani Lulu Triska , Ersila Wahyu
Published: December 2024

Balita usia 12-59 bulan rentan terhadap masalah gizi dan kesehatan. Hal ini dapat terjadi karena  basal metabolic rate (BMR) lebih tinggi pada balita sehingga kebutuhan energinya lebih banyak dan dapat mempengaruhi status gizi stunting. Selain itu, pola asuh dan cara pemberian yang kurang tepat yang dilakukan oleh orang tua kepada anak salah satu hal yang meningkatkan risiko malnutrisi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kondisi gizi balita dengan kesadaran ibu terhadap gizi balita. Penelitian yang dilaksanakan pada bulan November dan Desember 2023 di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Karangdadap Kabupaten Pekalongan ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif korelatif cross-sectional. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 139 responden atau balita usia 12-59 tahun. Variabel bebas yang diteliti adalah pengetahuan ibu, sedangkan variabel terikatnya adalah status gizi balita. Metode pengolahan dan analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah uji peringkat Spearman. Berdasarkan hasil survei 85,7% ibu yang memiliki cukup informasi memiliki anak dengan perkembangan normal. Terdapat hubungan antara pengetahuan ibu tentang gizi balita dengan status gizi balita, dengan nilai koefisien korelasi sebesar 0,287, menunjukkan bahwa kekuatan hubungan cukup. Hasil uji statistik didapatkan nilai p = 0,001, dengan demikian nilai p lebih kecil dari alpha (0,05). Pengetahuan ibu berpengaruh terhadap status gizi balita, oleh karena itu peningkatan pemahaman ibu menjadi hal yang penting. Diharapkan tenaga kesehatan sebaiknya menggiatkan program penyuluhan tentang kebutuhan gizi balita dan memotivasi ibu untuk memberikan asupan nutrisi sesuai dengan kebutuhan balita serta meningkatkan frekuensi, keanekaragaman/memberdayakan nutrisi balita
Kata kunci : Pengetahuan ibu, status gizi, balita
¿Todo el alumnado está contento y es productivo? La contribución del capital psicológico académico a la relación entre el engagement del estudiantado y su rendimiento académico en un contexto de aprendizaje universitario en línea
Authors: Peñalver González Jonathan , Marín Victoria I. , Aguilar David
Published: December 2024

The complexity of the relationship between students’ student engagement and academic performance has been extensively approached. However, following the concept of Sustainable Productivity and Well-being Synergy, this relationship is beginning to raise new issues. The present study aims to contribute to the happyproductive student research by addressing the existence of different types of relationships between student engagement and academic performance (also called as patterns), and studying the influence of Academic Psychological Capital (PsyCap) on the four patterns in an online university context. The sample consisted of 357 Spanish university students (71.4% female) from a Spanish online university. Results showed that: 1) There are 4 patterns of relationship between student engagement and academic performance: happy-productive, unhappy-unproductive, unhappy-productive, and happy-unproductive student; 2) PsyCap (i.e., efficacy, optimism, hope) increases the probability of being in the happy-productive student pattern. Based on the results, we suggest some changes in the educational policies and the importance of programs to develop personal resources such as PsyCap for university students, in order to promote happy-productive students.
Reporte Investigaciones Económicas Banrep - 2020
Authors:   Centro de Apoyo a la Investigación Económica,   Subgerencia de Estudios Económicos
Published: December 2024

Este reporte ofrece un resumen periódico de las publicaciones y actividades académicas realizadas por el Banco de la República durante 2020. En él se presenta el listado completo de los números publicados en la revista ESPE (6), los documentos de trabajo (59), los artículos indexados (39) y los libros (3). Además, se incluyen los seminarios académicos organizados (45), destacando el compromiso del Banco con la difusión del conocimiento y la promoción del debate académico.
Reporte Investigaciones Económicas Banrep - 2022
Authors:   Centro de Apoyo a la Investigación Económica,   Subgerencia de Estudios Económicos
Published: December 2024

Este reporte ofrece un resumen periódico de las publicaciones y actividades académicas realizadas por el Banco de la República durante 2022. En él se presenta el listado completo de los números publicados en la revista ESPE (2), los documentos de trabajo (47), los artículos indexados (30) y los libros (3). Además, se incluyen las entradas de blog (15) y los seminarios académicos organizados (46), destacando el compromiso del Banco con la difusión del conocimiento y la promoción del debate académico
Strigamia maritima (Leach, 1817) (Chilopoda, Geophilomorpha, Linotaeniidae) et Thalassisobates littoralis (Silvestri, 1903) (Diplopoda, Julida, Nemasomatidae), deux espèces de myriapodes découvertes sur le littoral rocheux du Portugal
Authors: Cherpitel Thomas , Filipe Marie
Published: December 2024

Strigamia maritima (Leach, 1817) (Chilopoda, Geophilomorpha, Linotaeniidae) and Thalassisobates
littoralis (Silvestri, 1903) (Diplopoda, Julida, Nemasomatidae), two species of myriapods
discovered on the rocky coast of Portugal. Strigamia maritima (Leach, 1817) and Thalassisobates littoralis
(Silvestri, 1903) were discovered in 2018 on a rocky foreshore in Colares (Municipality of Sintra,
Lisbon Region, Portugal), first records of these species in Portugal. Other continental foreshore
arthropods are also mentioned.
Trois espèces de myriapodes nouvelles pour la faune de France métropolitaine
Authors: Noël Franck , Racine Antoine , Claivaz Lucien , Iorio Étienne , Geoffroy Jean-Jacques
Published: December 2024

Three species of Myriapoda new for metropolitan France. Two species of diplopods, Cylindroiulus
britannicus (Verhoeff, 1891) (Diplopoda: Julida) and Amphitomeus attemsi (Schubart, 1934) (Diplopoda:
Polydesmida) and one of chilopod, Tygarrup javanicus Attems, 1907 (Chilopoda: Geophilomorpha),
have recently been discovered in metropolitan France. A detailed description of the localities is made.
Identification clues are also given. The number of Diplopod species for metropolitan France increases
to 311 species and that of Chilopods to 152 species.
Peritelini nouveaux ou intéressants de la faune ouest-méditerranéenne. XXXV. Encore une nouvelle Meira du sud de la France (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Entiminae)
Authors: Pierotti Helio
Published: December 2024

New or interesting Peritelini of the Western Mediterranean fauna. XXXV. A new Meira
from southern France (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Entiminae). A new species of the genus
Meira Jacquelin du Val, 1852, from southern France, is described, illustrated and compared with
the closely allied species M. lavagnei Pierotti & Bellò, 1994, and M. lata Delaunay & Melle, 2013.