bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
UPAYA PENERAPAN K3 OLEH PERAWAT DI RUMAH SAKIT
Authors: Sinaga Bintang Pangestu
Published: December 2019

LatarBelakang: Penyelenggaraan program Kesehatan dan Keselamatan Kerja (K3) adalah merupakan salah satu bentuk perlindungan kepada tenaga kerja yang bertujuan untuk mewujudkan produktivitas kerja yang optimalTujuan: Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui upaya penerapan K3 oleh perawat di RS.Metode:Jurnalini penulis menggunakan Metode melakukan analisis data sekunder,yauitu kajian pustaka terhadap beberapa jurnal dan buku.Hasil: Menurut jurnal FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN PELAKSANAAN PENERAPAN K3 PADA TENAGA KESEHATAN DI RSIA PERMATA SARANA HUSADA adalah Berdasarkan hasil analisa hubungan antara pengetahuan responden dengan pelaksanaan penerapan k3 di RSIA Permata Sarana Husada Periode Februari 2015,.Pembahasan: Upaya pemerintah adalah terus mendorong partisipasi para pimpinan perusahaan dan buruh/pekerja untuk bersatu padu bersama pemerintah serta masyarakat luas agar terus berusaha mencegah terjadinya kecelakaan kerja dan melaksanakan agar budaya K3 di seluruh kehidupan masyarakat. Penutup: Dalam upaya penerapan k3 di rumah sakit sangat penting dan peran perawat sangan penting dalam menjalankannya, agar pasien bisa merasa aman dan nyaman, dan privasi pasien akan terus terjaga.
Ease: Ezetimibe Add-on to Statin for Effectiveness Trail
Authors: Brokes Linda
Published: December 2019

Results from the largest community-based clinical trial to date, involving more than 3000 patients, has shown that adding the cholesterol absorption inhibitor ezetimibe to ongoing stable statin therapy in patients with hypercholesterolemia produces a significant additional reduction in low-density lipoprotein (LDL)- cholesterol compared with adding a placebo.[1] In addition, more patients who added ezetimibe achieved their National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel (NCEP ATP) If LDL-cholesterol targets. The Ezetimibe Add-on to Statin for Effectiveness (EASE) trial included a total of 3030 patients on a stable dose of a statin but not yet at their NCEP ATP III LDLcholesterel goal,[2]
Frequency of Exercise Induced Myocardial Ischemia in Asymptomatic Diabetic Patients
Authors: Bajracharya Manil
Published: December 2019

This is a cross sectional study of consecutive patients attending out patient departments of Bir Hospital and Sahid Gangalal National Heart Center, Kathmandu. The study was conducted between May 2004 and November 2005. Detailed history was taken from each patient. The patients underwent physical examination, biochemical tests, chest x-ray, resting ECG and a screening echocardiogram prior to undergoing an exercise stress electrocardiography(ESE). The inclusion criteria were diabetic patients with normal resting ECG and a screening echocardiagram prior to undergoing an exercise stress electrocardiography.
Coronary Drug Eluting stent: 7 Years’ Experience of Norvic Hospital
Authors: Rawat Bharat , Bhatta Yadav , Jaiswal JP , Rajbhandari Shekhar , Dhakal Saroj , Bhusal Laxman , Gurung Parbati , Acharya Nandita G
Published: December 2019

Studies have shown marked beneficial effects of coronary drug eluting stents in the prevention of re-stenosis. The present study demonstrates the experience of coronary drug eluting stents in the Norvic-International Hospital since the commencement of the PCI (Pecutaneaus Coronary Intervention) service in 2001.
ASSISTANT MULTI-PARAMETRIC METHOD TO THE SELECTION IN THE PROCESS OF INCORPORATION OF HOSPITAL EQUIPMENT
Authors: MARCIANO MARCELO ANTUNES , Schneider Luis Claudio , Pedroni Júlio
Published: December 2019

This project aims to demonstrate a multi-parametric method of hospital technology comparison. The main goal was to develop a method to assist the clinical and hospital engineering team, in the process of acquisition and incorporation of medical-hospital equipment, to be used as a tool in the comparison stage of brand options and models of available equipment in the market. The method is composed by groups of criteria or characteristics that can be evaluate referring to the technologies to be compared. This method was applied to compare autoclaves and disinfecting machines that would be purchased to install in a Material Central and Sterilization (CME) in a hospital in the south of Brazil. As a result, it was obtained the classifications with the final scoring referring to each brand and model of technology. It also contributed significantly to assist the choice definition of the equipment, considering the hospital and technology profile, as well as the requirements and expectations of the multi-professional technical group of evaluators and users.
INTEGRATION OF THE TRANS-OPERATIVE INFORMATION WITH THE PATIENT'S ELECTRONIC RECORD
Authors: MARCIANO MARCELO ANTUNES , Souza Eliezer Knob
Published: December 2019

This article presents an integration project between the anesthetic station used in the step of trans-operative (life signals multiparameter monitor, anesthesia device and controlled target infusion pump) and the system of hospital information. The main goal of this project is to capture in an automatic way the vital signals from the medical equipment and the records trans-operatives and provide an anesthesia record to be storage in the patient’s electronic medical record (PEMR). The integration mode is through a gateway that execute the conversion of the machine - specific language into data/information of the HL7 standard. This interaction will allow to integrate data and information from multiparametric monitors, anesthesia devices, Controlled target Infusion pumps and the intra-operative anesthesiologist inputs.
Analysis of IFMBE-CED 2017 Worldwide Clinical Engineering Survey
Authors: Nascimento Leonardo , Calil Saide , Judd Tom , David Yadin
Published: December 2019

Background and Objective: Clinical Engineering professionals are fundamental to the deployment of healthcare technology and to the management of its life cycle. As the role of technology grows in healthcare, so does the need for trained clinical engineering practitioners and the dynamic nature of the domain requires them to maintain their skills. However, the skills and activities required from clinical engineers around the world are not homogeneous, so the Clinical Engineering Division at IFMBE promoted a global survey to identify a common body of knowledge and body of practices for the profession.
Material and Methods: This survey, based on a previous one conducted by the ACCE, was aimed at collecting data about CE practices and the importance of certain competencies for their practitioners.
Results: Survey results indicate the profession still maintains certain traditional characteristics, such as the predominance of professionals with a background in electrical, electronic, or mechanical engineering and the prevalence of hospitals and clinics as employers. Some patterns in the perceived relevance of certain kinds of knowledge among different regions were also identified.
Conclusion: Overall, the survey seems adequate to reveal which skills and activities clinical engineers considered the most relevant, but more responses are required before a solid Body of Knowledge and Body of Practice can be defined.
Distribution and Utilisation of Radiotherapy Units in Greece
Authors: Dermitzakis Aris
Published: December 2019

Biomedical Engineering is playing a leading role in the development of medical technology which is one of the pillars of Modern medicine, or as differently expressed at the European Economic and Social Committee (EESC) opinion paper: “Biomedical Engineering is not simply a subset of modern medicine. Modern medicine predominantly secures important advances through the use of the products of biomedical engineering”1. Health technology, according to World Health Organization (WHO), refers to the application of organized knowledge and skills in the form of devices, medicines, vaccines, procedures and systems developed to solve a health problem and improve quality of lives. Therefore, Medical Devices (MDs) belong to the Health Technologies, and Radiotherapy (RT) is an important subgroup of them.
Radiotherapy refers to high-tech medical devices that are of high capital value both in terms of initial investment and operation, requiring specially trained personnel for its use and needs regular quality control, preventive maintenance and management procedures, to function properly and safely. Clinical Engineering plays a major role in facing of the afore mentioned challenges.
The present paper provides an overview of the results of a study under the WHO action on Strengthening Capacity for Universal Coverage Greece/Phase 2 (SCUC2)2aiming to:

Assess the sufficiency and equity in the distribution of RT and its use in Greece
Identify eventual inequalities in terms of geographical coverage, specific needs and lack of RT
Asses the current status of staffing in RT units
Estimate the costs for the use of High Value Capital Medical Equipment (HVCME)

Since a country-wide medical equipment inventory for Greece does not exist, various sources were used to obtain a clear picture of the installed units in public Greek hospitals and private clinics.
As a result, it came out that, in terms of number of units the per million population the number of RT units rose by 23% from 4.3 in 2009 to 5.3 in 2017. In terms of number of acts, a general increasing trend is noticed, resulting to a total cost increase of 25% from 2013 to 2016.
The study revealed that in Greece, there are quite pronounced inequalities in terms of availability of RT technologies in different regions. Long term strategic planning is needed based on evidence, such as updated inventory of MDs, acts performed, associate costs etc , which are unfortunately lacking in Greece. Additionally, the role of clinical engineers in the effective management and safe use of this technology should be widely recognised and regulated.
Actualización en Esófago de Barrett
Authors: Elizondo Valverde José Rodolfo , Chaverri Padilla Genesis , Téllez Villalobos Issac
Published: December 2019

El esófago de Barrett (BE) es una de las enfermedades gastroenterológicas más frecuentes, como consecuencia del reflujo gastroesofágico crónico, que provoca lesiones en el epitelio esofágico normal, el cual es reemplazado por mucosa metaplasica, siendo esta más resistente al reflujo, pero causando predisposición a adenocarcinoma esofágico.
Zika en el embarazo: revisión bibliográfica de normativas vigentes
Authors: Cerdas Salas Oscar , Cerdas Vargas Mayarí
Published: December 2019

El virus del Zika es una enfermedad emergente, causada por un arbovirus y transmitida de manera vectorial y sexual, la misma ha tenido una rápida diseminación en el continente americano abarcando 33 países diferentes. Existe una alta morbilidad en niños nacidos de madres quienes se infectaron del virus del Zika durante la gestación, lo cual acarrea un alto costo para los servicios de salud. Ante el desconocimiento de la patogénesis del virus del Zika en la embarazada, las normativas nacionales e internacionales se concentran en recomendaciones para la prevención de la picadura del mosquito en poblaciones vulnerables y en protocolos de diagnóstico y seguimiento rápidos para las mujeres embarazadas que contraen la enfermedad.
Perfil de parasitosis intestinal, laboratorio clínico área de salud La Unión, primer semestre 2019
Authors: Jiménez Cordero Silvia , Guevara Solera Aixa , Monge Cordero Laura
Published: December 2019

Introducción: La condición de parasitosis intestinal y su detección, continúa siendo un tema de interés en salud pública, como un indicador de las condiciones sanitarias de las comunidades. Metodología: Se estudió la prevalencia de parásitos intestinales en las muestras con solicitud médica de análisis coproparasitológico que fueron recibidas en el Servicio del Laboratorio Clínico del Área de Salud de La Unión en el primer semestre del año 2019. Resultados: Se analizaron un total de 4.095 muestras, resultando positivas por algún tipo de parásito el 7.1 %. Discusión: Se encontró una prevalencia de protozoarios patógenos de 10.4 %, y el 89.6 % comensales siendo que estos últimos se asocian a fecalismo y el consecuente riesgo de contraer enfermedades por este medio de propagación. El parásito más prevalente fue Entamoeba coli, estando presente en el 40.2% de las muestras positivas. El patógeno más frecuentemente encontrado fue Entamoeba histolytica/E. dispar (5.4 %). Se detectó en las muestras analizadas la presencia de helmintos en dos muestras, una de ellas positiva por Ascaris lumbricoides y otra por Enterobius vermicularis.
Actualización del síndrome de Brugada
Authors: Phillips Morales Oscar
Published: December 2019

El síndrome de Brugada, hace referencia a una canalopatía primaria, caracterizada por un patrón electrocardiográfico característico en las precordiales derechas que aumenta la probabilidad de desarrollar una arritmia ventricular o un episodio de muerte súbita cardiaca en un corazón estructuralmente sano. El síndrome de Brugada afecta primordialmente los canales de sodio cardiacos mediante mutaciones en el gen SCN5A; no obstante, se han descubierto nuevas mutaciones que afectan los canales de calcio y potasio. La mayoría de los pacientes portadores del Síndrome cursan asintomáticos; sin embargo, la persona puede debutar con un episodio cardiaco mayor (muerte súbita o fibrilación ventricular) lo que hace a esta condición peligrosa para la vida, esto obliga a los profesionales de la salud a anticipar dichos eventos, estratificando el riesgo de una manera adecuada. La piedra angular en el manejo del síndrome de Brugada sigue siendo la implantación de un desfibrilador automático implantable empero, se continúan desarrollando nuevas terapias farmacológicas para complementar el tratamiento.
Distrofia muscular de Duchene: diagnóstico y tratamiento
Authors: Quesada Vargas Melissa , Esquivel Rodríguez Natalia , Rosales Gutiérrez José Miguel
Published: December 2019

La distrofia muscular de Duchene es una enfermedad genética ligada al cromosoma X, causada principalmente por delecciones o duplicaciones en el gen de la distrofina; con un desgaste de los músculos proximales, particularmente los de la pelvis. Los síntomas clínicos suelen ser más visibles alrededor de los 6 años de edad, pero son varones que desde el nacimiento presentan retraso en el neurodesarrollo; y la mayoría pierden la habilidad para la marcha alrededor de los 12-14 años. Se utiliza la medición de niveles de creatinina fosfokinasa, biopsia muscular, electromiografía y pruebas genéticas como herramientas para llegar a un diagnóstico. Estos pacientes suelen tener un pronóstico de vida no mayor a tres décadas. No hay ningún tratamiento que sea curativo, pero se utilizan algunos fármacos para disminuir su evolución y medidas como la fisioterapia para mejorar la calidad de vida.
Diagnóstico, evaluación y tratamiento de la apendicitis aguda en el servicio de emergencias
Authors: Garro Urbina Valeria , Rojas Vázquez Sofia , Thuel Gutiérrez Mónica
Published: December 2019

Apendicitis se define como la inflamación del apéndice cecal, siendo la obstrucción del lumen por un fecalito la causa más común en pacientes adultos. El diagnóstico es principalmente clínico, basándose en la anamnesis y los hallazgos al examen físico y en algunos casos puede ser necesario acudir a estudios de imagen. Al ser una patología que se presenta con dolor abdominal agudo como el síntoma principal, la apendicitis aguda tiene una gran cantidad de diagnósticos diferenciales y la valoración clínica es muy importante para realizar el diagnóstico definitivo. El tratamiento de elección es la apendicectomía laparoscópica. También se ha estudiado el abordaje no quirúrgico con terapia antibiótica para apendicitis simple, sin embargo, este requiere mayor investigación.
Actualización del manejo de síndrome de ovario poliquístico
Authors: Sanchez Gaitan Esteban
Published: December 2019

El síndrome de ovarios poliquísticos, es el síndrome más común de los desórdenes endocrinos en mujeres en edad reproductiva afecta aproximadamente a un 6 -10% de edad reproductiva mujeres. Es una enfermedad de etiología multifactorial, comórbida en muchos casos con la obesidad, diabetes, depresión, etc. Se manifiesta clínicamente con hirsutismo, resistencia a la insulina o irregularidad menstrual/ subfertilidad. Para su diagnóstico es necesario excluir otras patologías que causen trastornos del ciclo menstrual, exceso de andrógenos, y cumplir al menor dos de los siguientes criterios: oligo/anovulación, hiperandrogenismo clínico y/o bioquímico, ovarios poliquisticos por ecografía. El tratamiento debe de ser integral e individualizada.
Lesión renal agua inducida por medio de contraste
Authors: Zeledón Corrales Nathalya , Fernández Agudelo Sebastián , Rojas Jara Andrés
Published: December 2019

La lesión renal aguda inducida por medio de contraste es una patología de gran importancia a la hora de tomar decisiones en el manejo diagnóstico o terapéutico de pacientes que presentan alguna alteración en la función renal. Se puede definir como una disminución de la función renal que ocurre horas o días después de la aplicación de medio de contraste. Existen factores de riesgo relacionados al paciente como enfermedad renal preexistente, insuficiencia renal aguda o crónica, diabetes mellitus, insuficiencia cardíaca congestiva o hipertensión crónica. También hay otros factores de riesgo que están relacionados al estudio o procedimiento contrastado, estos tienen que ver con el tipo de medio de contraste, cantidad de dosis, volumen de dosis entre otros. Estos pueden ser modificados con el fin de prevenir el desarrollo de lesión renal aguda por medio de contraste. Las medidas preventivas son la base del manejo de esta patología, actualmente la que presenta mayor respaldo científico es la fluidoterapia. Mientras que otras terapias que han sido ampliamente estudiadas todavía no cuentan con suficiente evidencia para recomendar su uso.
School-Based Management in the Graduated Empowerment Perspective
Authors: WULANDARI Ayu , HANAFI İvan , WIDODO Suparno
Published: December 2019

This study was critical
analysis of the example of School-Based Management (SBM) in the perspective of graduated
empowerment. as educators and educators in Islamic boarding schools, especially
in terms of low income and graduated contributions to Islamic boarding schools.
The main focus of this analysis was seen from the side of human resource
management in the context of SBM in Indonesian boarding schools. The article
reveals the activities of graduated who are empowered to achieve the goals of
Islamic boarding schools. Using qualitative methods, data collection through
interviews and participation in graduated activities. Interviews were conducted
with research informants consisting of boarding school supervisors, school
principals, teachers, graduated. The management of human resources in Da’arul
Rahman Islamic boarding school in terms of selection and placement of educators
and education personnel based on Kyai's agreement with the priority of Da’arul
Rahman's Islamic boarding school graduated who meet the standards of
educational needs and education staff needed by Islamic boarding schools.
Psycholinguistic Aspects of Formation of Culture of Dialogical Communication
Authors: Васьківська Галина , Паламар Світлана , Порядченко Леся
Published: November 2019

Introduction. The article presents the results of researching the samples of English-speaking literary heritage, which reveals psycholinguistic features of dialogical communication and peculiarities of communicants' perception of interactions meanings in dialogic speech. The technique of detecting the frequency of using different dialogues that differ in number of replicas is described.
Objective. The purpose of the article is to characterize the psycholinguistic features of dialogical communication, to study units of the dialogue as means of forming a culture of communication of those who get aeducation.
Methods. The methods of analysis of domestic and foreign works of art, analysis of dictionary definitions, methods of contextual and logical-semantic analyzes, elements of statistical analysis are used in the article.
Results. It is substantiated that dialogue as a form of a communicative act is the most used form of verbal activity in which the text categories of communicants are implemented, their interpersonal relations are displayed, speech communication strategies appear, etc. Dialogue speech is characterized as a situational and thematic community of communicative motives in verbal statements consistently generated by two or more interlocutors in the direct act of communication. The frequency of the use of dialogues consisting of different amounts of dialogical unities is revealed. It is defined average number of dialogues consisting of dialogical unities; the frequency of dialogue with a different number of dialogical unities. It is considered the definitions of dialogue, dialogism, dialogical learning, dialogical speech, dialogical communication; it is characterized of the developed system of exercises and tasks for forming a culture of dialogical communication.
Conclusions. It is concluded that for the formation of a culture of dialogical communication of the educational recipients, it is of great importance to turn to highly artistic samples of literature for the purpose of emotional perception of them; creating situations of empathy with the characters of the work by «impersonation» in these images; work on dialogical situations; the use of dialogues as a means of socialization.
Investigating Cognitive and Psycholinguistic Features of Translation Universals
Authors: Засєкін Сергій
Published: November 2019

Traditionally, translation is viewed as a reliable shield over linguistic diversity, one of the ways to ensure a target language survival. However, translation is also reported to distort a translated language due to introducing ‘the third code’ (Frawley, 1984) features. These “deforming tendencies” (Berman, 1985) destroy the translated language by erasing its natural pattern and by adding there a bundle of alien features that cause its lexical, syntactical, and stylistic deficiencies. The current study is aimed at detecting those destructive features treated in translation studies as “translation universals” (Chesterman, 2004). To this end, a psycholinguistic analysis was held to establish the use of language which is not the result of intentional, controlled processes and of which translators may not be aware. These subliminal translation-inherent processes can be traced in the use of function words that encode procedural meaning. Relevance Theory (Wilson & Sperber, 1993) explains a conceptual-procedural distinction as a major distinction made between two types of linguistically encoded information. Conceptual information expressed by content words is viewed as encoding concepts whereas words with procedural meaning contribute to the derivation of implicatures, certain ways of processing propositions. Discourse connectives, conjunctions, prepositions, particles, pronouns, modal words constitute that group of function words with procedural meaning. To uncover certain variations in the use of these linguistic units, a parallel English-Ukrainian corpus made up of an 8,000-character excerpt from Franny by J.D. Salinger, its professional translation, and forty novice translators’ target versions, was compiled.
The corpus data were processed by Textanz and SPSS computerized tools.
The results of the psycholinguistic analysis proved that the Ukrainian versions as contrasted to the original text contained the following S-universals: implicitation expressed through the shortage of discourse markers of global coherence, simplification due to the lack of personal pronouns, decreased mean number of words per sentence, and greater number of sentences; normalization embodied in vernacular network impoverishment due to the decreased amount of pragmatic markers and fillers, explicitation due to higher lexical variety and density rates, and rationalization as a result of abundant marking of discourse relations.
Conclusions. Taken together, these findings have significant implications for the understanding of how procedural information processing by novice translators is manifested in translation.
Translator’s Personality Shaping: Competence Approach
Authors: Іваницька Марія
Published: November 2019

The aim of the article is to highlight the role of psycholinguistic factors in shaping the linguistic personality of the translator and in developing the translator’s professional competence.

The research method is based on the notions of the linguistic personality of the translator (LPT) and comprehensive professional competence of the translator (CPCT). LPT is defined as the sum total of language abilities, skills, and language behaviour of a bilingual individual, determined inter alia, by socio-cultural and psycho-cognitive conditions of formation/development of his or her personality. CPCT is treated as a complex of interrelated subcompetences that includes such components: abilities, knowledge, language behaviour and skills. The procedure of research proceeds from the postulate that LPT becomes apparent in translation decisions, style, language priorities, forms of speech activity, aims and guidelines of the translator.

The development possibilities of LPT and CPCT are studied on the basis of such empirical methods: a) observation of novice translators’ work with the non-standard translation commissions that presuppose creativity, research and text-creating competences; b) psycholinguistic analysis of translation decisions; c) identification of the deviations that occur in understanding of the translator’s task.

Findings. The paper demonstrates the development possibilities of LPT and CPCT by means of orienting the academic process to the purposeful acquisition of all the subcompetences: from language and cross-cultural ones through translator, research and technological ones even to socio-communicative and personality ones, i.e. by orienting academic aims to the formation of CPCT. It presents the work on a German-Ukrainian translation textbook that is based on the theory of functional translation by Ch. Nord and is directed at fostering those academic aims, which progressively lead to the shaping of CPCT. The paper analyzes the results of the textbook’s approbation on the basis of exercises offered in the textbook.

Conclusions. It is proven that the progression of academic aims is an important aspect of translators’ training. These aims presuppose gradual development of all the translator’s subcompetences, personality subcompetence, in particular, and take into consideration all four components of CPCT that are equally relevant for the successful performance of contemporary translators on the labour market.
Nature of word in the Context of Biblical Discourse: Psycholinguistic Analysis
Authors: Івасишина Тетяна , Руденко Ірина
Published: November 2019

Introduction. The article deals with a psycholinguistic attributes of the token “word”.
The objective is to investigate the semantic parameters which the token “word” realizes within the limits of biblical discourse.
Methods. General scientific methods such as analysis, synthesis, abstracting, generalization, theoretical and empirical analysis were used in order to the determine the psycholinguistic patterns of interpretation and understanding of the concept “word” in biblical discourse, as follows: discourse-analysis, content-analysis, method of observation and descriptive method enabled to determine that Bible is not just a text, but a mega-text, in which the concept of “word” transcended beyond the established lexicographic interpretations and determined the broad functional and semantic possibilities that were realized exclusively within the biblical discourse.
Results of investigation. The distinctive ontological functions of the concept “word” were outlined on particular Bible examples. It was determined that in the context of theoanthropological conception a word had a heaven born origin and it was endued with both constructive and destructive power. In the Holy Scriptures a word appeared as a unique method of the world creation, God impersonation, idea creation, the search for truth, cognition of heavenly wisdom and so on. The word tridimentionality was relevant to Triune God. Rather words – are great power and energy. The "image and likeness" of man is manifested to God through the word comprehension. The greatness of man and the supremacy of all things is contingent on the reason for the word gift owning.
Conclusions. The word is endowed with a unique potential of influence on thinking, consciousness and a person perception. The study revealed that the word as a discursive unit should be considered not only from the point of view of semantic-syntactic, cognitive-pragmatic and other features, but also, in particular, psycholinguistic criteria for the development of being.
Spontaneous Speech in Dementia
Authors: Джан Еда , Гульміра Куруоглу
Published: November 2019

Introduction. Although memory impairment is the main symptom of Alzheimer Disease (AD), language impairment can be an important evidence, too. In many researches, it is stated that language is impaired in a different way in AD. Syntax, which is the sub-field of language are more preserved compared to the other fields. However, it is also known that syntactic features of AD patients can also be impaired in the moderate and severe stages of the illness. Another important thing that is important to differentiate the effects of illness is the onset. There are two subtypes of AD: early-onset (befor 65 years old) and late-onset (after 65 yaers old). Compared to late-onset, early onset Alzheimer’s Disease (EOAD) is often associated with atypical symptoms including language and visuospatial dysfunction. Thus, in this study it was aimed to analyse the spontaneous speech of EOAD patients via two language tests and compare it with an age/education-matched control. In this analysis, just the declarative and interrogative sentences were compared.
The results show that the number of declarative and interrogative sentences used by the EOAD patients differs from the control people. EOAD patients used more affirmative and interrogative sentences in story-picture sequencing test and more negative sentences in subject-based narration test compared to the control group. However, control group used more negative sentences in story-picture sequencing test and more affirmative and interrogative sentences in subject-based narration test compared to the EOAD patients.
Conclusions. The working memory is the ability to maintain and use information for a short period of time and due to the working memory deficits in EOAD patients, the use of sentence types differ from age/matched healthy people.
Concept UNIVERSITY: Comparative Characteristics of Lexicographic and Psycholinguistic Portrait
Authors: Летюча Любов , Петров Олександр , Завацький Вадим
Published: November 2019

Research actuality is determined with the necessity of studying some academic values namely the conducted analyses of free associative experiment with the target to make comparative characteristics of lexicographic and psycholinguistic portrait of the concept UNIVERSITY.
The aim of the article is to contrast the lexicographic portrait with the psycholinguistic image of the concept UNIVERSITY through the structure of the associative area, that was created in linguistic consciousness of students who study at Pereiaslav-Khmelnytskyi state pedagogical Hrygorii Skovoroda university.
Processing of the linguistic material determined the usage of those methods as: methodology of free associative experiment to define psycholinguistic meaning of the concept; analyses of dictionery definitions as one of systematic methods and generalisation method of dictionery definitions for lexicographic analyses of concepts linguistic representation; elements of methodology of cognitive and semantic description of word meaning, that is used for comparing of lexicographic and psycholinguistic portrait of the studied concept.
The results of the conducted analyses of linguistic reactions to the free associative experiment on the stimulus-word «university» and lexicographic definitions of the lexeme «UNIVERSITY» for comparative characteristic of lexicographic and psycholinguistic portrait of the concept UNIVERSITY resulted in understanding that the meaning of the studied concept in students’ imagination as well as in Ukrainian native speakers’ one and in the language fixation is actually the same. At the same time on the basis of brightness indexes ranking according to decreasing principle, the core and the periphery of the associative concept area have been established, as well as the fact that associates give wider and more divers meaning spectra. It was established, that the associative configuration UNIVERSITY is a kind of recurrent sign that is not fixed in the dictionaries and represents the meaning «emotive evaluative characteristic». It is foreseen that traditional methodology of word interpretation with dictionary usage can be substantially added with the results of psycholinguistic experiments.
Mass-Media Specificity of Building an Effective Narrative as a Strategic Communication Tool
Authors: Лисичкіна Ірина
Published: November 2019

Objective. This research aims at defining the principles of constructing effective narratives with the use of the strategic communication capabilities and the media.
Materials and Methods. Publications in modern English and Ukrainian mass-media have been analyzed using methods and techniques of discourse analysis, content- and intent-analysis with elements of pragmatic and narrative analysis. The author’s methodology included the following: to identify the author’s intention and motives, the main topoi and points of the narrative focalization, to define hidden beliefs, social and psychological basis for the recipient’s perception of the narrative, to outline effective strategies for the narrative construction and dissemination in the media.
Results. In general, modern media have the capacity of constructing the desired frames in the audience’s consciousness by creating a mental model of the situation, on which the consumer of the information starts to rely. Decision-making now is reliant on the media consciousness, a virtual world imposed by the media and constructed with the help of relevant narratives. Modern strategic narratives usually have the external focalization which gets more credibility when supported and presented by the focalization points of celebrities and experts. Competing narratives, as well as the plurality of possible interpretations of events, are destroyed with the help of the media, which begin to broadcast one interpretation of the event that matches the narrative, by this making it the truth. Simultaneous use of several different media intensifies the influence and support the narrative. Repeating information changes its status and makes it not just a fact, but general knowledge. Any narrative is not only a sequential story of the selected events, but also persuasion in its nature. Persuasion is enhanced when narratives resonate with the audience's value system.
Conclusions. As a strategic communication tool, an effective narrative is constructed with regard to all the aspects of communication, psycholinguistic and social aspects being especially important. Further insights into the problem of shaping narratives will allow outlining best practices and their elements to develop image-forming narratives.
Semantics of Ironical Negation in Structure Semi-Phraseologized Sentences: Through the Prism of Psycholinguistic Peculiarities of Speech Activity
Authors: Личук Марія
Published: November 2019

Objective. In the article the subject of the analysis is semi-phraseologized sentences with the value of an ironic negation. The purpose of the article is to characterize the specificity of semantic subtypes of semi-phraseologized sentences with the meaning of ironic negation as psycholinguistic units, to define their functions in the system of hierarchical relations «holistic act of speech activity – speech actions».
Materials & Methods. In the article such methods are used as: descriptive method were used to characterize the components in the phras-scheme of semi-praseologized sentences, the modeling method – to create models of semi-praseologized sentences of ironically negation type. The associative experiment method has made it possible to find out the semantic characteristics of subtypes of ironically negation semi-phraseologized sentences in speech, to determine their expressive potential in different communicative situations.
Results. The basis of semi-phraseologized sentences of the modern Ukrainian language is the phraseologized structural scheme, on which the fixed meaning does not depend on the specific lexical filling of structural components, since this value is idiomatic. The means of explicit manifestation of ironic negation in semi-phraseologized sentences are described. The mechanism of structuring such sentences is disclosed, one of their qualification features – stability has been analyzed and the effect on this feature of the morphological expression of the constant and variable components of the phrase-schemes is investigated. Interpretation of the semantics of semi-phraseologized sentences may be accompanied by some difficulties. In artistic text, this question compensates for the context, then dialogic speech does not always have enough questions and answers of the participants in the dialogue to perceive the idea adequately. Therefore, the meaning of a semi-phraseologized sentence is based on the speakers' background knowledge, associative parallels that the speaker can use. The author suggests to consider semi-phraseologized sentences as psycholinguistic units. The ordering of different semantic types and subtypes of semi-phraseologized sentences contributes to the optimality of speech, in particular, the dialogic conversational, adequate expression of thought, with the support on the thinking processes of the speaker, realizing it as the active subject of the communication process.
Conclusions. The connotative shades in semantics of the ironic negation of semi-phraseologized sentences are traced. The means of expression of semi-phraseologized sentences with ironic negation, in particular the emphasis of the anaphoric modal component, are found. The implicit means of the ironic negation are determined: exclamation intonation, fixed sequence of components and the presence of the phraseologized connectivite complex.
The Vulgarization of the Language of a Children’s Multiplication Text as a Psycholinguistic Problem
Authors: Мамич Мирослава
Published: November 2019

Research aim is to identify the phenomena of verbal vulgarization of children’s cartoon discourse, to determine their functional-semantic loads and registers of reduced emotional evaluation, as well as the main socio-cultural types of corporate vulgar behavior.

Research Methods. The study of the vulgarization of children’s media content was carried out with the help of: a) theoretical methods, b) psycholinguistic empirical methods – discourse-analysis of vulgarized dialogical situations; questionnaire related to the testing of registers of dialogical situations in cinema texts among the audience of student’s youth (80 humanitarian students (specialty “Journalism”) of the National University “Odesa Law Academy” aged 17-20 years).

Results. The didactic role of animated cinema texts in the formation of media culture is noted. It was proposed the practical analysis of the modern children’s cartoons language in the context of the systematization of markers of affective vulgarity, such as slangisms, jargonisms, elements of common language, obscenisms. On the basis of a survey and psycholinguistic experiment, a stylistic evaluation of the perception of the selected lexical-phraseological material as such that contains the connotation “vulgarity” was confirmed, the attitude of the young generation of viewers to vulgarized cinema text was revealed.

Conclusions. Among the main conclusions we may note that as a result of language vulgarization of modern consciousness, in particular children, the so-called conceptual sphere of human activity is changing. The new generation of viewers is focused on low, coarse communication, on the weakening of the feeling of beautiful, on the positive perception of the appropriate aesthetics of everyday life. According to the results of the questionnaire, these cinema texts are perceived neutral by 55 students, positively – 21 students, negatively – 4 students. The language of cartoon characters, which represent certain social groups of real society, is seen as the norm for any situation, and grumpiness, disrespect, psycho-emotional imbalance are seen as their “organic” color. Therefore, the majority, or the vast majority of the respondents, correlated the lexical-phraseological units as jargon that is, acceptable in the youth environment. Modern foreign animation that is presented as translated cinema text, loses the important function of being a mediadidactive source, that is, the medium of producing patterns of individual and collective linguistic behavior.
Education 2.0: Psycholinguistic Analysis
Authors: Горошко Олена , Полякова Тетяна
Published: November 2019

Introduction. The article presents the results of the investigation of the impact of new information and communication technologies, namely Internet technologies of the social web, on the linguistic consciousness in the learning environment. The term covers a certain concept of the Global Web development, when the main functional task of a web service is aimed at maintaining interaction between network users.
The method of a free and directional associative experiment was chosen as main research technique. It allows most accurately identifying the meaning of the word, seeing what is behind this word in the linguistic consciousness of a person. Associative series were identified for a number of concepts – the most popular social web services and Internet technologies (Internet, Instagram, social media, communication, Twitter, Telegram, WhatsApp, Youtube, Pinterest, Google, selfie).
Results. The associative experiment showed that information, communicative and functional components of the Global net are actualized in the linguistic consciousness of the participants of the educational process most of all. Almost all social media services have both positive and negative connotations. The educational component of social media has been marked little, if at all, in the linguistic consciousness of the recipients which indirectly indicates that their use in the educational process has not become an institutional practice yet.
Conclusions. The results of the research will contribute to the development of a new direction in modern linguistics – psycholinguistics 2.0 which studies psychological and linguistic aspects of human speech in social media, social and psychological aspects of using language in speech communication using web 2.0 platforms and services, and in individual verbal and thinking activity. The study is characterized by an interdisciplinary nature, being at the interface of psycholinguistics 2.0 and education 2.0, which contributes to a better understanding of the polyparadigmatic way of the development of humanitarian knowledge under the influence of technologies in general.
Psycholinguistic Preconditions of Gradation Functioning in the Individual World Picture
Authors: Марчук Людмила , Рарицький Олег
Published: November 2019

Aim of the research. To describe objective and subjective factors of language semantic interpretation of gradation thinking content (psychological and linguistic aspects in gradation semantics).
Research methods. The article describes the foundations of distinguishing functional and semantic gradation category in the Ukrainian language which is reflected in the units of different levels. The linguistic cognitive character of the investigation is proved within these notions, as one of the principle tasks of the work is to determine mental anthropocentric and psychological factors of emerging gradation utterances in the Ukrainian language, which demonstrate the unity of linguistics and psychology, language and speech. The methodology consisted in comparing the materials of gradation in different levels, carrying out hypothetic modeling of the gradation scale on the basis of functioning gradation verbal markers, determining psychological foundations for gradation functioning in the individual picture of the world. The interaction of the objective (conceptual world of the gradated O) and the subjective (emotional and intellectual sphere of the gradator S) worlds creates the gradation fragment in a language, its orientation concerning the gradation dimension (O – object, S – subject of gradation).
Results. The investigation of the motivation, semantic accentuation and communicators character, i.e. the inner world of the speaker and listener, text author and reader, enabled to code and decode the information given in the text. For decoding we identified the gradation units and explicated them on the sentence (text) level, distinguished pragmatic structures with redundant information. Thus the problem of certain stereotypes as the norm of environment perception, deviations from the norm was partially solved and the possibilities of reconstructing the quality characteristics of the language world picture were expanded.
Conclusion. The choice of the verbal implementation for gradation category is carried out by the author of the communication act, it is subordinated to particular psychological regularities, which are general for human language but mentally individual concerning the communicator personality and individual language picture of the world.
Memory and Utterance Temporality
Authors: Ощепкова Вікторія , Тів’яєва Ірина
Published: November 2019

Objective. The paper presents a psycholinguistic perspective of the memory-time linkage problem extensively discussed by cognitive psychologists. Accepting the concept of personal memory as a linguocognitive system including the processes of encoding, storing, retrieval, and forgetting, the authors aim to examine how these processes are verbalized in regard to their temporal orientation. The present study is specifically focused on analyzing the morphological component of the verbal code (namely, tense forms) used by English speakers to represent their mnemonic experiences at each stage of cognitive processing.
Methods. Research procedures consisted in content analysis of each empirical item, distribution of sample fragments in accordance with the mnemonic situation type, structural and morphological analysis of mnemonic utterances and finding correlation between the type of a mnemonic utterance and the organization of its temporal structure.
Materials. The empirical database used in the research counts 7.500 communicative contexts selected from publicly available English sources and contains fragments of fiction, mass media and computer-mediated communication. The primary selection principle required that each research item should meet the criteria of the mnemonic situation, that is, include 1) the subject of the mnemonic experience, 2) the memory process being verbalized, 3) the mnemonic utterance as a verbal representation of the mnemonic content.
Results. The yielded results demonstrate the role of present, past and future tense forms in shaping the temporal structure of mnemonic utterances in English, suggest correlations between the temporal type of a mnemonic utterance and the cognitive-communicative conditions under which it was produced, which allows concluding that memory association with the past is an empirically ungrounded stereotype while the temporal structure of a mnemonic utterance is a heterogeneous one.