bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Discovery of Titin and Its Role in Heart Function and Disease
Authors: Granzier Henk L. , Labeit Siegfried
Published: January 2025

This review examines the giant elastic protein titin and its critical roles in heart function, both in health and disease, as discovered since its identification nearly 50 years ago. Encoded by the TTN (titin gene), titin has emerged as a major disease locus for cardiac disorders. Functionally, titin acts as a third myofilament type, connecting sarcomeric Z-disks and M-bands, and regulating myocardial passive stiffness and stretch sensing. Its I-band segment, which includes the N2B element and the PEVK (proline, glutamate, valine, and lysine-rich regions), serves as a viscoelastic spring, adjusting sarcomere length and force in response to cardiac stretch. The review details how alternative splicing of titin pre-mRNA produces different isoforms that greatly impact passive tension and cardiac function, under physiological and pathological conditions. Key posttranslational modifications, especially phosphorylation, play crucial roles in adjusting titin’s stiffness, allowing for rapid adaptation to changing hemodynamic demands. Abnormal titin modifications and dysregulation of isoforms are linked to cardiac diseases such as heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, where increased stiffness impairs diastolic function. In addition, the review discusses the importance of the A-band region of titin in setting thick filament length and enhancing Ca²
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sensitivity, contributing to the Frank-Starling Mechanism of the heart. TTN truncating variants are frequently associated with dilated cardiomyopathy, and the review outlines potential disease mechanisms, including haploinsufficiency, sarcomere disarray, and altered thick filament regulation. Variants in TTN have also been linked to conditions such as peripartum cardiomyopathy and chemotherapy-induced cardiomyopathy. Therapeutic avenues are explored, including targeting splicing factors such as RBM20 (RNA binding motif protein 20) to adjust isoform ratios or using engineered heart tissues to study disease mechanisms. Advances in genetic engineering, including CRISPR (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats), offer promise for modifying TTN to treat titin-related cardiomyopathies. This comprehensive review highlights titin’s structural, mechanical, and signaling roles in heart function and the impact of TTN mutations on cardiac diseases.
Deciphering a Chilean harvestmen enigma: what is Parabalta bicornis (Gervais, 1849) comb. nov. (Opiliones: Gonyleptidae: Pachylinae)
Authors: ACOSTA LUIS E.
Published: January 2025

The largely neglected Chilean harvestman Gonyleptes bicornis Gervais, 1849 (Opiliones, Gonyleptidae), hitherto considered a junior synonym of Sadocus asperatus (Gervais, 1847), is revalidated and reallocated in genus Parabalta Roewer, 1913. This species has been repeatedly confused in the early literature, due to the misleading mismatch between text and figures in the original publication, and the lack of types. A thorough comparison of descriptions and figures demonstrated that two drawings displaying G. bicornis were mistakenly referred to G. acanthops Gervais, 1849 (currently species inquirenda and incertae sedis) and G. planiceps Guérin-Méneville in Gervais, 1842 (currently Eubalta planiceps). Parabalta bicornis comb. nov. is hereby redescribed upon modern samples; considering the complexity of the taxonomical problem, a male neotype is accordingly designated. Among other features, males can be distinguished from congeners, P. reedii (Butler, 1874) and P. cristobalia (Roewer, 1943), by the bifid apophysis on coxa IV, a strong finger-like, upwards-pointing apophysis on trochanter IV, and the armature of femur IV. A detailed comparison between these species and an updated distribution map are given.
A new species of Acanthoscurria Ausserer, 1871: proposal of the theraphosoides species-group and first published record of the genus from Colombia (Araneae: Theraphosidae)
Authors: SHERWOOD DANNIELLA , GABRIEL RAY , PEÑAHERRERA-R. PEDRO , GARCÍA GIRALDO ALAYÓN
Published: January 2025

A remarkable new species of Acanthoscurria Ausserer, 1871, is described from Colombia, Acanthoscurria armasi sp. nov., representing the first published record of the genus from this country. New insights into palpal bulb morphology and biogeography of the newly-proposed theraphosoides species-group are provided.
On Antillean ochyroceratines (Scytodoidea: Ochyroceratidae: Ochyroceratinae), with the description of three new species from Cuba
Authors: PÉREZ-GONZÁLEZ ABEL , MAGALHAES IVAN L. F.
Published: January 2025

Ochyroceratinae is a diverse subfamily that has received fragmentary taxonomic attention. We here present a survey of Cuban species belonging to this group and examine the results in the light of recent phylogenies of the family. Three new species belonging to Ochyrocera Simon, 1892, are named: Ochyrocera luisarmasi sp. nov., O. maestra sp. nov. and O. mayabeque sp. nov. The new species are close relatives of the type species of Fageicera Dumitrescu & Georgescu, 1992, but some of them lack the diagnostic characters of the genus, blurring the limits between these genera. In addition, Fageicera nests phylogenetically within Ochyrocera. At the same time, we find no support to maintain the fossil genus †Arachnolithulus Wunderlich, 1988 (from Dominican amber) as a different taxon from extant Ochyrocera. Thus, we here propose Fageicera and †Arachnolithulus as syn. nov. of Ochyrocera, resulting in the following new combinations: †Ochyrocera longipes (Wunderlich) comb. nov., †O. pygmaeus (Wunderlich) comb. nov., O. cubana (Dumitrescu & Georgescu) comb. nov., O. loma (Dumitrescu & Georgescu) comb. nov., O. matarredondensis (Cuervo & Buitrago) comb. nov., and O. nasuta (Dumitrescu & Georgescu) comb. nov. Additionally, we argue that Ochyrocera Simon, 1892 nomen protectum, which is in prevailing usage, has an older synonym, Pandeus Keyserling, 1891 nomen oblitum, but Simon’s name qualifies for a reversal of precedence and should be retained as valid following Article 23.9 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature.
First description of the male of Otacilia tham Jäger, 2022, from Laos (Arachnida: Araneae: Phrurolithidae)
Authors: JÄGER PETER , NOPHASEUD LIPHONE
Published: January 2025

The male of Otacilia tham Jäger 2022 is described for the first time. It was found in the same cave, Tham Loup (north of Vang Vieng, Laos), from which the female was described. The male shows the same somatic characters as the holotype female with unpigmented remnants of the four lateral eyes present. It is most similar to O. saszykaska Jäger 2022, a species with eight pigmented eyes found in Tham Phoukham, a cave about 13 air kilometres apart from Tham Loup. It is hypothesised that several intermittent streams may act as barriers, dividing the larger limestone massif into smaller karst networks. Ecological aspects of Tham Loup, including faunistic aspects, are described on the basis of several visits. General conservation issues are discussed.
On the male genitalia of Calima Moreno-González & Villarreal, with description of a new Colombian species (Schizomida: Hubbardiidae)
Authors: DELGADO-SANTA LEONARDO , VILLARREAL OSVALDO
Published: January 2025

The taxonomy of Schizomida has been the most active research topic for this group, however, only recently the male genitalia was properly studied, and are currently known only for the Brazilian species Surazomus algodoal Ruiz & Valente. In this study, we describe Calima dearmasi sp. nov., the first species of the genus for which male genital structures are illustrated and analyzed. Comparative analyses are conducted with the genitalia of two undescribed species, one from Colombiazomus Armas & Delgado-Santa and another from Piaroa Villarreal, Giupponi & Tourinho. This study expands the morphological knowledge of male genitalia in Schizomida, and finally, we discuss the potential use of these characters in Schizomid taxonomy.
New genus and species of short-tailed whipscorpion (Schizomida: Hubbardiidae) from the Venezuelan Amazon
Authors: COLMENARES PÍO A. , MORENO-GONZÁLEZ JAIRO A. , VILLARREAL OSVALDO , PRENDINI LORENZO
Published: January 2025

A new genus and species of short-tailed whipscorpion (Schizomida: Hubbardiidae Cook, 1899) is described based on specimens collected in the Venezuelan state of Amazonas. The new genus differs from other Neotropical genera in the presence of six setae on opisthosomal tergite II, the absence of seta Dm4 on the flagellum in both sexes, the female flagellum comprising four segments, and the median lobes of the spermatheca being four times longer than the lateral lobes. Jipai longevus gen. et sp. nov. increases the count of South American schizomid genera to fourteen and the count of species to 57. The type locality of the new taxon is situated in the Guiana region of Amazonia s. l., where three other hubbardiid genera have also been recorded. This discovery contributes to the understanding of Amazonian schizomid diversity and highlights the need for further sampling in this diverse, vulnerable and poorly explored area.
Workshop Review: Workshop explores advances in land and shallow marine multiple attenuation and imaging
Authors: El-Emam Adel , Tsingas Constantine , Kostov Clément
Published: January 2025

A three-day workshop titled “Advances in land and shallow marine multiple attenuation and imaging” took place in November 2023 in Kuwait City, Kuwait. The workshop was jointly organized by SEG and Kuwait Oil Company (KOC). More than 70 participants from industry and academia attended the event from around the world
Student Zone: SEG student chapters make a difference around the world
Authors: Maharramli Anar , Shakhbazova Milana , Moore Henry , Yadav Sneh
Published: January 2025

SEG student chapters have been established all around the world. Within the chapters, students have the opportunity to complement their education with hands-on experiences, develop leadership skills, enhance interpersonal communication, and learn about future career paths. Many chapters also choose to organize events that benefit their local communities. Here, three chapters that are making a difference for students and their communities are highlighted.
Jabuti elétrico: um caso sobre a dicotomia interesse público versus privado
Authors: Silva Leonardo Dantas da , Franco Luis Eduardo Koenemann , Yin Filho Nelton Martins
Published: January 2025

Os setores da economia associados com a oferta de energia (eletricidade, petróleo, gás, carvão, etc.) são tão essenciais para o bem-estar social que no passado a exploração desses serviços era monopólio de empresas estatais. Tal reserva de mercado oferecia ao governo pleno controle sobre a gestão desses recursos para atingir a finalidade de atender ao interesse público. Todavia, a incapacidade do governo de realizar os investimentos necessários para a expansão da oferta de serviços com preços mais competitivos levou à decisão política de conceder a exploração desses serviços para a iniciativa privada, mais capaz de efetuar os investimentos necessários para garantir a oferta de serviços em quantidade e qualidade do que o poder público. Como a iniciativa privada visa à busca do lucro e a satisfação dos interesses de seus acionistas, e a literatura econômica abunda de exemplos onde a busca pelo lucro se contrapõe ao interesse público, percebeu-se a necessidade de equipar o Estado com agências reguladoras com o intuito de zelar pela observância do interesse público no funcionamento desses mercados, ao mesmo tempo em que garante às concessionárias a existência de condições para que seus planos de negócio sejam bem-sucedidos. Tal equilíbrio é meta-estável e depende de um robusto ambiente de governança. O caso de ensino destaca pontos de fragilidade que podem ocorrer no setor elétrico brasileiro, como a inserção em seu arcabouço legal de uma emenda ou proposta a um projeto de lei ou medida provisória, geralmente sem relação direta com o tema – prática conhecida como “jabuti”. Ainda, propõe a discussão pela busca de mecanismos para robustecer a governança dos mercados regulados.
O design como diferencial competitivo dos negócios e sua influência no processo de decisão de compra dos consumidores: uma visão de designers e empresários brasileiros
Authors: Rocha Daniel , Nunes José Mauro Gonçalves
Published: January 2025

Esta pesquisa destinou seu foco em compreender como o design pode ser utilizado como diferencial competitivo nos negócios e como o design conecta os consumidores às empresas. Para isto, em primeiro lugar, uma revisão teórica da literatura sobre os temas design, estratégia de negócios e psicologia do consumo. Em segundo lugar, uma pesquisa qualitativa, a partir da realização de 10 (dez) entrevistas com atores formadores de opinião no campo do design brasileiro. Os dados coletados foram analisados pela técnica de análise de conteúdo. Como resultados, chegou-se à conclusão de que o design tem grande influência no sucesso das empresas quando estas têm seu foco centrado nas pessoas, que seus atributos estão relacionados a emoções, inteligência, projeto e pensamento. Foi possível observar também, a partir da ótica dos entrevistados e da literatura, que o design possuí grande capacidade de influenciar consumidores e fidelizá-los às marcas.
Iodine Density of Lymphoma, Metastatic SCCA, and Normal Cervical lymph nodes: A Comparative Analysis Based on DLSCT
Authors: Mingkwansook Varalee , Wangprasertkul Urusaya , Tarathipmon Warit , Watcharakorn Arvemas
Published: January 2025

Objective To compare iodine density (ID) and contrast-enhanced attenuation value (CEAV) from dual-layer spectral computed tomography (DLSCT) scans of lymphomatous, metastatic squamous cell carcinoma (SCCA), and normal cervical lymph nodes. Methods Data including ID and CEAV were retrospectively collected from patients who underwent DLSCT of the neck between January 2020 and August 2023. Results from each group (lymphomatous, metastatic SCCA, and normal) were compared and analyzed using one-way ANOVA and receiver operating characteristic curve. Results 129 cervical lymph nodes were collected from patients who met the inclusion criteria (50, 41, and 38 nodes from the lymphomatous, metastatic SCCA, and normal group, respectively). The mean ID of lymphomatous, metastatic SCCA, and normal nodes was 1.01±0.27, 1.36±0.28, and 1.45±0.29 mg/mL, respectively. Comparing lymphomatous nodes with metastatic SCCA nodes, the lymphomatous nodes had significantly lower values of ID (p<0.002) and CEAV (p<0.001). Similarly, when comparing lymphomatous nodes with normal nodes, the lymphomatous nodes had significantly lower values of ID (p<0.001) and CEAV (p<0.001). The optimal ID cut-off value for distinguishing between lymphomatous and metastatic SCCA nodes was 1.175 mg/ml (specificity of 84.2%, sensitivity 77.8%, AUC 0.788, P = 0.003). The optimal CEAV cut-off value was 77.5 HU (specificity 88.9%, sensitivity 78.9%, AUC 0.851, P<0.001). Conclusions The ID and CEAV measurements from DLSCT were significantly different between lymphomatous, metastatic SCCA, and normal lymph nodes. These findings indicate that DLSCT can be used to distinguish between these conditions in the diagnosis of cervical lymph nodes.
Navigating contronyms: A cognitive-semantic analysis of the Arabic semi-preposition /warāʾa/
Authors: Albureikan Amal Othman
Published: January 2025

Background This study examines the Arabic semi-prepositional contronym /warā’a/ in the Holy Quran, which conveys the dual meanings of ‘behind’ and ‘in front of.’ By employing cognitive linguistic frameworks—Prototype Theory, Image Schema Theory, Conceptual Metaphor Theory, and Frame Semantics—the research investigates the cognitive mechanisms underlying the term’s semantic versatility. Methods An in-depth cognitive linguistic analysis was conducted, supported by collocational analysis to explore how /warā’a/ is interpreted in diverse contexts. The study analyzed both prototypical spatial meanings and their metaphorical extensions, focusing on semantic priming and contextual interpretation. Results The findings reveal that the prototypical spatial meaning of /warā’a/ (‘behind’) dynamically extends to metaphorical and temporal contexts, encompassing ideas of concealment, control, deliberate ignorance, future anticipation, and other nuanced interpretations. The research highlights the role of semantic priming in shaping contextual meanings and offers actionable insights for translation accuracy in religious texts. Conclusions This study fills gaps in existing research by providing a detailed exploration of /warā’a/’s semantic complexity. It bridges theoretical insights and practical applications, offering innovative strategies for linguistics and translation studies. Future research directions include cross-linguistic studies of contronyms, psycholinguistic experiments on contradictory meanings, and culturally-informed cognitive-semantic translation strategies. This work contributes significantly to Arabic linguistics and cognitive translation studies.
Saksa keele kool. Eesti sõjavangid ja saksa keele õpe Esimese maailmasõja aegsel Saksamaal
Authors: Kuldkepp Mart
Published: January 2025

School of German. Estonian prisoners of war and the teaching of German in Germany during the First World War
This article argues that proficiency – or lack thereof – in the German language significantly affected the experience of Estonian soldiers who became prisoners of war in Germany during the First World War. Inability to speak German increased the likelihood of being exposed to more strenuous labour, isolation, or even the risk of violence. Proficiency, on the other hand, not only aided survival but also brought privileges and possibly advancement in camp hierarchy. The surviving ego-documents of former POWs frequently highlight language issues, emphasising their importance in lived experience.Camp leaderships and the Prussian Ministry of War (the highest national authority that administered the German POW camp system) similarly considered it important and desirable to improve the POWs’ German language skills. While better knowledge of German among prisoners could have drawbacks like facilitating attempts to escape, the positive aspects were more significant. German-speaking prisoners could carry out more detailed tasks at work or even serve as translators. After Estonian POWs were subjected to a special treatment regimen in 1917, the question of their German proficiency also gained political significance. The authorities tried to use it as an avenue for promoting pro-German sentiment amongst the prisoners. From that point onwards, POWs were also supported with instructional materials to help them learn German.Two German textbooks for Estonian prisoners of war were published in 1918. They offer insight into camp life and also illustrate German political goals in relation to the POWs. Since the prisoners demonstrated a high degree of interest in learning German, these materials may have aided their education. However, those who learned German to a proficient level likely did so independently. The small scale and insufficient print runs of the textbooks likely kept them from making a significant difference.By using the proficiency of Estonian prisoners in German as a case study, this article highlights the more general importance of foreign language issues in war experience. Future research could explore similar themes among diverse prisoner groups and nations dealing with language barriers in war.
Social perception of the impact of AI algorithms on human work: the example of platform-mediated courier and driver work in Poland
Authors: Ostoj Izabela
Published: January 2025

Motivation: The use of automated management for allocating tasks, monitoring and evaluating the service of platform workers operating through digital labor platforms (DLPs) has given rise to numerous threats to human work. The article identifies the emergence of DLPs as a kind of institutional disruption that requires changes in the existing institutional order. The draft EU Directive on improving working conditions in platform work makes it worthwhile to discuss its provisions regulating algorithmic management, including the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on human work.
Aim: The aim of the article is to examine what adult Poles think about changes in the labor market institutions involving the shift towards human oversight of the AI-assisted automated management of platform work. It presents the findings of the Author’s survey on society’s attitude towards regulating how AI is used for managing a popular type of food delivery and passenger transportation services, ordered and executed through DLPs.
Results: The survey showed that respondents perceive AI control of platform work as a legitimate, modern development that ensures service quality and safety. Yet, they are also in favor of human oversight of decisions made by AI algorithms. The survey findings are relevant in view of implementing the provisions of the said EU Directive in Poland.
Determinants of Digital Economy Development in the EU Member States: The Role of Technological Infrastructure, Human Capital, and Innovation (2017-2022)
Authors: Roszko-Wójtowicz Elżbieta , PLEŚNIARSKA Aleksandra , Grzelak Maria M.
Published: January 2025

Motivation: The rapid digital transformation in the European Union has highlighted the increasing importance of the digital economy in shaping national competitiveness. Recent studies underline the relevance of innovation, human capital, and digital infrastructure as critical factors driving digitalisation. Despite extensive literature on digital economy development, there is a gap in understanding the specific determinants that influence the digitalisation levels across EU member states. This study addresses this gap by examining the relationship between digital infrastructure, human capital, and innovation in fostering digital growth, using the Digital Economy and Society Index (DESI) and European Innovation Scoreboard (EIS) as key indicators.
Aim: The aim of this research is to identify and quantify the key determinants influencing the development of the digital economy in the EU member states between 2017 and 2022. Specifically, the study investigates the impact of technological infrastructure, human capital, and intellectual assets on the digital economy. By employing multiple linear regression models, the research aims to clarify how these factors contribute to digital economy growth.
Results: The analysis revealed that technological infrastructure and use of IT are consistently the most significant determinants of digital economy development. Human capital, particularly in terms of education and digital skills, gained importance in the later years of the study. Intellectual assets, such as patents and research outputs, also played a critical role, particularly from 2021 onwards. The findings suggest that countries with robust digital infrastructure, well-educated workforces, and strong innovation ecosystems tend to perform better in terms of digitalisation as measured by DESI. These insights provide valuable guidance for policymakers aiming to enhance digital competitiveness through targeted investments in technology, education and innovation.
Editorial
Authors: Wiśniewski Piotr
Published: January 2025

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utilization of Instagram social media on @kalis.mardiasih accounts as a means of campaign regarding gender equality in Women
Authors: Mawadda Safira , Anisa Sari Eka
Published: January 2025

The research entitled The Utilization of Instagram Social Media on @kalis.mardiasih accounts as a Means of Campaign Regarding Gender Equality in Women uses campaign theory using the Campaign Component Model. This study aims to find out the use of Instagram @kalismardiasih with several parts, namely campaign actors, campaign messages, campaign media channels, campaign effects, campaign feedback, and campaign disruptions that occur on Instagram accounts @kalismardiasih related to campaigns carried out regarding Gender Equality. Research on gender equality in the modern era is essential because it helps to understand the problems of gender inequality that continue to arise in society and drives social change towards justice and equality for all genders in various aspects of life. The research uses a descriptive qualitative method with data collection techniques using unstructured interviews, observations, and documentation. The results of this study found that in the Instagram account, @kalismardiasih, used as a campaign media related to the issue of feminism, one of which is gender equality, the campaign message on Instagram is packaged attractively and diversely so that it is easier to digest. In contrast, the campaign channel utilizes various Instagram features. The campaign's success raised awareness about the importance of gender equality in women, with feedback that many women said and felt represented by the campaign on the @kalismardiasih account; there was rejection and criticism from those who disagreed with the campaign she was doing.
Seven-day rehabilitation services in hospital settings: benefits and drawbacks
Authors: Polastri Massimiliano , Scuotto Luciana
Published: January 2025

In this editorial, the authors discuss the pros and cons of a 7-day rehabilitation service in different types of hospital settings.
Addressing the challenge of student involvement in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest
Authors: Sanderson Isaac , Stones Antony
Published: January 2025

Management of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is a key requirement of qualified paramedics. However, paramedic students are rarely provided with hands-on experience in this skill. Reasons for this lack of exposure are numerous and include pragmatic challenges and ethical dilemmas for students, mentors and patients. Poor exposure of students to OHCA may lead to inferior outcomes for patients upon students' registration. Maximising students' exposure to OHCA should thus be a target of paramedic education. This article discusses the challenges associated with student involvement in OHCA and suggests greater tailoring of healthcare placements to address this shortfall in paramedic education.
Training trusted professionals: strengthening the response to domestic violence and abuse
Authors: Bracewell Kelly , Farrelly Nicola , Martin Katie , Chantler Khatidja , Hargreaves Paul , Stanley Nicky
Published: January 2025

This article reports on an independent evaluation (2017–2021) of a domestic violence and abuse (DVA) training intervention delivered in three geographical areas in England. Initially designed as a standalone training day by the Women’s Aid Federation of England (WAFE), Trusted Professional developed into a whole-organisation approach to working with DVA. The intervention aims to create system change by targeting organisations (housing, children’s social care, health and welfare services) likely to be in contact with victims/survivors to embed a needs-led, strengths-based approach within an organisation.

The evaluation examined how the Trusted Professional intervention was used by practitioners and identified changes in knowledge, skills, confidence and attitudes. Methods included pre- and post- training surveys and interviews with participants, trainers and WAFE co-ordinators. Basic descriptive statistics were used to analyse the quantitative data; qualitative data was transcribed and analysed thematically.

Trusted Professional was regarded positively. Practitioners reported increased knowledge and understanding of DVA alongside improved confidence and skills to respond to victims/survivors, including using non-victim-blaming language. Practitioners recommended refresher training and additional content regarding other forms of abuse or minoritised groups. Recommendations address how the intervention might be better integrated with existing practice, especially for children’s social care professionals, and extended more widely.
An investigation of feature reduction, transferability, and generalization in AWID datasets for secure Wi-Fi networks
Authors: Khalid Nashmia , Hina Sadaf , Zaidi Khurram Shabih , Gaber Tarek , Speakman Lee , Noor Zainab
Published: January 2025

The widespread use of wireless networks to transfer an enormous amount of sensitive information has caused a plethora of vulnerabilities and privacy issues. The management frames, particularly authentication and association frames, are vulnerable to cyberattacks and it is a significant concern. Existing research in Wi-Fi attack detection focused on obtaining high detection accuracy while neglecting modern traffic and attack scenarios such as key reinstallation or unauthorized decryption attacks. This study proposed a novel approach using the AWID 3 dataset for cyberattack detection. The retained features were analyzed to assess their transferability, creating a lightweight and cost-effective model. A decision tree with a recursive feature elimination method was implemented for the extraction of the reduced features subset, and an additional feature wlan_radio.signal_dbm was used in combination with the extracted feature subset. Several deep learning and machine learning models were implemented, where DT and CNN achieved promising classification results. Further, feature transferability and generalizability were evaluated, and their detection performance was analyzed across different network versions where CNN outperformed other classification models. The practical implications of this research are crucial for the secure automation of wireless intrusion detection frameworks and tools in personal and enterprise paradigms.
Energy management strategy for methanol hybrid commercial vehicles based on improved dung beetle algorithm optimization
Authors: Li Zhihao , Xiao Ping , Pan Jiabao , Pei Wenjun , Lv Aoning
Published: January 2025

In order to solve the problem of poor adaptability and robustness of the rule-based energy management strategy (EMS) in hybrid commercial vehicles, leading to suboptimal vehicle economy, this paper proposes an improved dung beetle algorithm (DBO) optimized multi-fuzzy control EMS. First, the rule-based EMS is established by dividing the efficient working areas of the methanol engine and power battery. The Tent chaotic mapping is then used to integrate strategies of cosine, Lévy flight, and Cauchy Gaussian mutation, improving the DBO. This integration compensates for the traditional dung beetle algorithm’s tendency to fall into local optima and enhances its global search capability. Subsequently, fuzzy controllers for the driving charging mode and hybrid driving mode are designed under this rule-based EMS. Finally, the improved DBO is used to obtain the optimal control of the fuzzy controller by taking the fuel consumption of the whole vehicle and the fluctuation change of the battery state of charge (SOC) as the optimization objectives. Compared to traditional rule-based energy management strategies, the optimized fuzzy control using the enhanced DBO continuously adjusts the torque distribution between the engine and motor based on the vehicle’s real-time state, resulting in a 9.07% reduction in fuel consumption and a 3.43% decrease in battery SOC fluctuations.
Birth prevalence and determinants of neural tube defects among newborns in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Gebremariam Beminet Moges , Hailu Dejene , Stoecker Barbara J. , Mulugeta Afework
Published: January 2025

Background

Neural tube defects (NTDs) are complex multifactorial disorders in the neurulation of the brain and spinal cord that develop in humans between 21 and 28 days of conception. Neonates with NTDs may experience morbidity and mortality, with severe social and economic consequences. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to assess the pooled prevalence and determinants for neural tube defects among newborns in Ethiopia.

Methods

The protocol of this study was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO Number: CRD42023407095). We systematically searched the databases PubMed, Science Direct, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar and Research Gate. Grey literature was searched on Google. Heterogeneity among studies was assessed using the I2 test statistic and the Cochran Q test statistic. A random effects model was used to estimate the birth prevalence of neural tube defects.

Result

Twenty-five articles were included in the meta-analysis to estimate the prevalence and determinants of neural tube defects in Ethiopia. A total of 611,354 newborns were included in the analysis. The pooled birth prevalence of neural tube defects was 83.40 (95% CI: 60.78, 106.02) per 10,000 births. The highest and lowest prevalence rates were 130.9 (95% CI: 113.52, 148.29) in Tigray and 28.60 (95% CI: 18.70, 38.50) per 10,000 births in Amhara regional states. Women’s intake of folic acid supplements and planned pregnancy were identified as protective factors for NTDs, while stillbirth history, use of any drugs during pregnancy, exposure to radiation, and pesticides during pregnancy were risk factors for neural tube defects.

Conclusion

The pooled birth prevalence of neural tube defects in Ethiopia was found to be high. Effective prevention interventions, especially focusing on periconceptional folic acid supplementation as well as folate fortification, should be prioritized alongside nutrition education, maternal health care, and environmental safety measures.
The right way to ride the wrong bike: An exploration of Klein’s ‘unridable’ bicycle
Authors: Coller B. D.
Published: January 2025

Professor Richard Klein and his students built a bicycle with a rather interesting feature: no one was able to ride it. A prize was offered. Hundreds of students and cycling enthusiasts attempted it. Years passed, and the prize money grew. Klein’s rear-steered bicycle became a canonical example of how non-minimum phase systems can be difficult and sometimes nearly impossible to control. It has been lauded as a particularly effective educational example in which students can experience the loss of controllability in a seemingly simple, albeit unorthodox bicycle. The primary result of the work reported here is a demonstration that it is possible for a human of modest athletic ability to ride Klein’s unridable bicycle, to keep it balanced, and to control its direction of travel. There is a secret to riding Klein’s rear-steer bicycle. The secret is revealed through an exploration of the dynamics and control of the bike that contains three elements: (1) modeling the physics of the actively steered bicycle as an inverted pendulum riding atop a carriage; (2) recognizing that the steer kinematics leads to competing physical mechanisms which an aspiring rider might exploit; and (3) examining limitations of controllability and stabilizability of the system from a state space perspective. From this vantage point, one can devise a novel strategy, based on a component of lateral acceleration that dominates at low speed, for riding the so-called “unridable” bike and solving Klein’s puzzle. The work adds a new chapter on the dynamics and control of the rear-steered bicycle, a problem of academic interest.
Solar energy prediction through machine learning models: A comparative analysis of regressor algorithms
Authors: Nguyen Huu Nam , Tran Quoc Thanh , Ngo Canh Tung , Nguyen Duc Dam , Tran Van Quan
Published: January 2025

Solar energy generated from photovoltaic panel is an important energy source that brings many benefits to people and the environment. This is a growing trend globally and plays an increasingly important role in the future of the energy industry. However, it intermittent nature and potential for distributed system use require accurate forecasting to balance supply and demand, optimize energy storage, and manage grid stability. In this study, 5 machine learning models were used including: Gradient Boosting Regressor (GB), XGB Regressor (XGBoost), K-neighbors Regressor (KNN), LGBM Regressor (LightGBM), and CatBoost Regressor (CatBoost). Leveraging a dataset of 21045 samples, factors like Humidity, Ambient temperature, Wind speed, Visibility, Cloud ceiling and Pressure serve as inputs for constructing these machine learning models in forecasting solar energy. Model accuracy is meticulously assessed and juxtaposed using metrics such as coefficient of determination (R2), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), and Mean Absolute Error (MAE). The results show that the CatBoost model emerges as the frontrunner in predicting solar energy, with training values of R2 value of 0.608, RMSE of 4.478 W and MAE of 3.367 W and the testing value is R2 of 0.46, RMSE of 4.748 W and MAE of 3.583 W. SHAP analysis reveal that ambient temperature and humidity have the greatest influences on the value solar energy generated from photovoltaic panel.
Living alone predicts non-home discharge post elective hip arthroplasty: A matched-pair cohort study
Authors: Agnor Benjamin K. , Knio Ziyad O. , Zuo Zhiyi
Published: January 2025

The impact of home support and interaction with family members on recovery and perioperative outcomes remains unclear. We determined whether living alone was predictive of discharge disposition following total hip arthroplasty (THA). Data were from American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program participating hospitals in 2021. The primary endpoint was discharging disposition. A total of 1716 patients living alone and 3961 with others at home were identified. The 1:1 propensity-matched cohort included 3248 total patients (1624 in each group). On univariate analysis, living alone was associated with non-home discharge (22.0% [358/1624] vs. 10.5% [170/1623]; odds ratio [OR], 2.42 [95% CI, 1.98 to 2.94]; P < .001), need for services in those returning home (63.1% [799/1266] vs. 57.7% [839/1453]; OR, 1.25 [95% CI, 1.07 to 1.46]; P = .004), and increased length of hospital stay (2.05 vs. 1.72 days; mean difference, 0.34 [95% CI, 0.18 to 0.49]; P < .001). On multivariable analysis, living alone remained an independent predictor of non-home discharge (adjusted odds ratio, 2.84 [95% CI, 2.30 to 3.54]; c = 0.734). Thus, compared to propensity-matched THA patients with others at home, those living alone experience a much greater rate of non-home discharge and need for support.
Incident duration prediction through integration of uncertainty and risk factor evaluation: A San Francisco incidents case study
Authors: Salehi Amirreza , Babaei Ardavan , Khedmati Majid
Published: January 2025

Predicting incident duration and understanding incident types are essential in traffic management for resource optimization and disruption minimization. Precise predictions enable the efficient deployment of response teams and strategic traffic rerouting, leading to reduced congestion and enhanced safety. Furthermore, an in-depth understanding of incident types helps in implementing preventive measures and formulating strategies to alleviate their influence on road networks. In this paper, we present a comprehensive framework for accurately predicting incident duration, with a particular emphasis on the critical role of street conditions and locations as major incident triggers. To demonstrate the effectiveness of our framework, we performed an in-depth case study using a dataset from San Francisco. We introduce a novel feature called "Risk" derived from the Risk Priority Number (RPN) concept, highlighting the significance of the incident location in both incident occurrence and prediction. Additionally, we propose a refined incident categorization through fuzzy clustering methods, delineating a unique policy for identifying boundary clusters that necessitate further modeling and testing under varying scenarios. Each cluster undergoes a Multiple Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) process to gain deeper insights into their distinctions and provide valuable managerial insights. Finally, we employ both traditional Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL) models to perform classification and regression tasks. Specifically, incidents residing in boundary clusters are predicted utilizing the scenarios outlined in this study. Through a rigorous analysis of feature importance using top-performing predictive models, we identify the "Risk" factor as a critical determinant of incident duration. Moreover, variables such as distance, humidity, and hour demonstrate significant influence, further enhancing the predictive power of the proposed model.
El proemio del Mulierum virtutes de Plutarco en el contexto de la tradición retórica
Authors: Homar Pérez Roser
Published: January 2025

En este artículo se analiza el proemio del Mulierum Virtutes de Plutarco, opúsculo perteneciente a los Moralia, en cuanto a su estructura y funciones a la luz de la estructura general que se ha definido para los prólogos de las Vidas. Además, se valora la impronta de la tradición retórica estableciendo relaciones con el ejercicio retórico de la tesis tal como Elio Teón lo define y describe. Finalmente, se analizan las referencias a Tucídides y a Eurípides, a la vez que se examinan los términos que Plutarco emplea para referirse a este opúsculo en el contexto de la tradición retórica.
Plutarch and the Antiantonian Propaganda
Authors: Paglioriti Lorenzo
Published: January 2025

The article examines the sections from "Life of Antony" in which Plutarch had omitted or adapted to his philosophical-moralistic thought and to the cultural sensitivity of all his readers some hostile traditions to the triumvir, which were understandable only to an audience familiar with the principles of "mos maiorum". By means of this analysis, Chaeronean's ability to compose works that can provide moral teachings to any type of reader will be highlighted.
Ostracism According to Plutarch
Authors: Tardio Giulia
Published: January 2025

This paper aims to explore Plutarch’s theoretical interpretation of ostracism as depicted in the biographies of Themistocles and Aristides (Them. 22.4-5; Arist. 7.2). It seeks to demonstrate that the concept of envy (φθόνος) should not be considered an ‘alternative’ motivation to political factors, but rather integrated into a broader analytical framework. To support this argument, the study will assess Plutarch’s general evaluation of envy, with a particular focus on his treatise De invidia et odio. This comparative analysis will ultimately provide a more nuanced understanding of the role of φθόνος in the two theoretical passages under examination.
O filósofo ridículo: Sócrates como dramatização da tese platônica sobre o cômico
Authors: Ramos Gall Felipe
Published: January 2025

O objetivo deste artigo é o de mostrar a importância dramática da tese platônica sobre o cômico no interior da própria economia dos diálogos. A hipótese condutora será a de que a concepção que Platão desenvolve sobre o cômico ou ridículo, especialmente no Filebo, confunde-se com a própria caracterização da personagem Sócrates e com o seu modo de filosofar. Por conseguinte, o que se pretende demonstrar é que a figura de Sócrates, que, enquanto personagem de Platão, é a encarnação do paradigma de vida filosófica por excelência, torna manifesto pela sua própria dramatização nos diálogos a natureza mesma do cômico segundo a conceituação platônica.
A performance poética do discurso filosófico
Authors: De Alencar Cesar
Published: January 2025

A partir do horizonte de uma pesquisa mais ampla acerca do que há de próprio ao discurso filosófico, pretende-se demonstrar, neste trabalho, a necessária condição performática da filosofia em sua origem. Toma-se aqui o conceito de ‘performance’ para estabelecer uma aproximação entre a poética dos aedos gregos, estudada na primeira parte, e a matriz da investigação filosófica, iniciada por J. L. Austin, sobre os enunciados performáticos, entendidos como decisivos para a compreensão das situações de fala, e sobretudo dos enunciados declarativos que neles se comunicam. Desde o enfoque dessa aproximação, o Diálogo de Platão assume, pela dramatização da fala originária de Sócrates, ao mesmo tempo a indicação da necessária preocupação filosófica com situações de fala (apropriada a toda verdadeira reflexão sobre o que enunciados efetivamente dizem) e a condição de que a reflexão filosófica, ela mesma, acontece em razão da poética do ato de dizer a verdade entendida como efeito purgativo do exame de si. Em outras palavras, o discurso filosófico precisa ser concebido, desde o paradigma do Diálogo platônico, enquanto capaz de realizar a performance do exame de si como um trabalho de reflexão sobre atos e seus contextos de fala, cujo interesse ético-político e educativo se faz finalidade última de toda análise.
Note to the Octavius 5.12 of Minucius Felix: An Unexpected Senecan Allusion
Authors: Valencia Constantino Genaro
Published: January 2025

In this note an allusion recreated from Seneca’s De providentia is rescued as it was hidden in the Octavius of Minucius Felix, which recovers and adapted some topics from the Senecan text in a few brief lines which have been hitherto practically unnoticed; if the allusion is verified, a more recent reading of Seneca’s writing would make full argumentative sense.
A alma e as sobracelhas de Gianni: Casertano lê o Fédon
Authors: Cornelli Gabriele
Published: January 2025

Texto apresentado como palestra de abertura do evento “Gli studi di storia della filosofia antica di Giovanni Casertano”, organizado no dia 23 de outubro de 2024 pela Società Nazionale di Scienze, Lettere e Arti de Nápoles (Itália) e pelo Departamento de Filosofia da Università degli Studi di Napoli - Federico II. Um agradecimento especial às colegas e amigas Anna Motta e Lidia Palumbo pelo generoso convite.
Why Plato could not simply embrace Democracy? Misology and Democracy in Plato’s Thought
Authors: Cornelli Gabriele
Published: January 2025

This paper aims to look at the ancient city of Athens and some of its political challenges through the eyes of Plato. I will do this by relating two concepts that permeate Plato's political concerns: democracy and misology. Beyond the tragic event of Socrates' death at democratic hands, there is perhaps something even deeper in Plato's struggle to see democracy as something that can work, so to speak. Plato no doubt has a profoundly pessimistic view of the human being. And the city, who was traditionally supposed to educate men, is not delivering anymore (if ever). First of all, Plato clearly identifies the origin of political and social instability in the economic imbalance between πλοῦτος (richness) and πενία (poverty). Secondly, Plato's diagnosis, what his eyes are seeing, is even more perceptive and accurate. He outlines a second source of problem for democracy, one the probably resonate even more dramatically in our very present days: one that Socrates calls misology in the Phaedo: the hatred of discourses. Apart from the fact that there is a significant distance and a radical difference between the democracy of the 5th and 4th centuries, when Plato actually writes his dialogues, the most relevant question that emerges from the investigation is probably that a democracy itself is not something stable, an ontological object, not even today. And Plato was well aware of all this.
Política e persuasão em Platão: Algumas considerações preliminares
Authors: Mauricio Garcia Dotto Pedro
Published: January 2025

Neste artigo, concentro-me sobre o problema da persuasão na obra de Platão e exponho as suas implicações filosóficas, políticas e educacionais. Começo traçando um panorama da persuasão na Grécia Antiga, tanto da atividade persuasiva quanto da figura mítica da deusa Persuasão. Depois, detenho-me sobre alguns casos emblemáticos do fracasso da persuasão socrática. Em seguida, viso reconstruir algumas causas que despontam nos diálogos platônicos para explicar o fracasso da persuasão socrática. Por fim, considero a reivindicação da retórica para a filosofia, defendida e desenvolvida no Fedro, como uma resposta diante do impasse de que a verdade não é autoevidente e, dessa forma, não pode ser transmitida imediata e mecanicamente de uma alma para outra.