bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SOME ASPECTS OF MITIGATING CIRCUMSTANCES IN CRIMINAL LAW
Authors:   Tashkent State University of Law, Makhmudov Sunnatjon
Published: November 2023

This article examines the features of mitigating circumstances when imposing punishment and the issue of taking into account in the presence of special (special) rules for mitigating circumstances. The role and significance of the general principles of sentencing and the principle of imposing punishment in the appointment of punishments were have analyzed. At the same time, this article analyzes the practical significance of the circumstances mitigating punishment when imposing punishment by studying some of the circumstances mitigating punishment. Also, about the active repentance of the perpetrator of the deed, various and similar features of punishment with the appointment of a lighter punishment, as well as some theoretical and practical problems associated with their application in the appointment of punishment. In addition, this article discusses the features of extenuating circumstances sentencing and the issue of their consideration in the presence of special rules of mitigating circumstances. This article describes the specific features of sentencing with active repentance of the offender, various and similar features of punishment with the imposition of a milder punishment, as well as some theoretical and practical problems associated using them in sentencing. As a result of this article relevant recommendations have been developed and proposals for improving the criminal law of the Republic of Uzbekistan
БАСПА КҤНТІЗБЕСІ ЖӘНЕ ӘДЕБИЕТ: ДОГМАТТАН ОКСИМОРОНҒА ДЕЙІН
Authors: Костюхина М.С.
Published: November 2023

Печатный календарь сообщает не только информацию о времени и хронологии, но также транслирует идеологические догматы и политические доктрины. Этим отличались как календари царского времени, так и календарные издания советской эпохи. Даты календаря обслуживала календарная литература, говорившая с читателем на языке газетных клише и политических шаблонов. Несмотря на то, что календарь служил рупором государственной власти, он воспринимался как гарант естественного хода жизни, не подвластного произволу и диктатуре. Современные российские писатели и публицисты (Л.С. Рубинштейн, Д.Л. Быков), обращаются к формату календаря, чтобы выразить личный взгляд на историю страны. В результате происходит деконструкция официального календаря и связанной с ним идеологической картины мира. Ключевые слова: история календаря, время и идеология, советские календарные издания, российские писатели и публицисты (Л.С. Рубинштейн, Д.Л. Быков), деконструкция официального календаря.

Басып шығарылған күнтізбе уақыт пен хронология туралы ақпаратты ғана емес, сонымен қатар идеологиялық догмалар мен саяси ілімдерді де таратады. Бұл патша дәуірінің күнтізбелерімен де, кеңес дәуірінің күнтізбелік басылымдарымен де ерекшеленді. Күн- тізбелік күндер оқырманмен газет клишелері мен саяси шаблондар тілінде сӛйлейтін күнтізбелік әдебиеттер болды. Күнтізбе мемлекеттік биліктің таратушысы болғанына қара- мастан, ол озбырлық пен диктатураға бағынбайтын ӛмірдің табиғи барысының кепілі ретінде қабылданды. Қазіргі орыс жазушылары мен публицистері (Л.С. Рубинштейн, Д.Л. Быков), ел тарихына жеке кӛзқарасын білдіру үшін күнтізбе форматына жүгінеді. Нәтижесінде ресми күнтізбе мен онымен байланысты әлемнің идеологиялық кӛрінісінің құрылымы бұзылады. Тҥйінді сӛздер: күнтізбе тарихы, уақыты мен идеологиясы, кеңестік күнтізбелік басылымдар, орыс жазушылары мен публицистері (Л.С. Рубинштейн, Д.Л. Быков), ресми күнтізбенің құрылымын бұзу.

The printed calendar communicates not only information about time and chronology, but also broadcasts ideological dogmas and political doctrines. This distinguished both the calendars of the tsarist period and the calendar publications of the Soviet era. Calendar dates were served by calendar literature, which spoke to the reader in the language of newspaper clichés and political templates. Despite the fact that the calendar served as a mouthpiece of state power, it was perceived as a guarantor of the natural course of life, not subject to arbitrariness and dictatorship. Contemporary Russian writers and publicists (L.S. Rubinstein, D.L. Bykov), turn to the format of the calendar to express their personal view of the country's history. As a result, the official calendar and the ideological picture of the world associated with it are deconstructed. Keywords: history of the calendar, time and ideology, Soviet calendar publications, Russian writers and publicists (L.S. Rubinstein, D.L. Bykov), deconstruction of the official calendar.
Radical chemistry and ozone production at a UK coastal receptor site
Authors: Woodward-Massey Robert , Sommariva Roberto , Whalley Lisa K. , Cryer Danny R. , Ingham Trevor , Bloss William J. , Ball Stephen M. , Cox Sam , Lee James D. , Reed Chris P. , Crilley Leigh R. , Kramer Louisa J. , Bandy Brian J. , Forster Grant L. , Reeves Claire E. , Monks Paul S. , Heard Dwayne E.
Published: November 2023

Abstract. OH, HO2, total and partially speciated RO2, and OH reactivity (kOH′) were measured during the July 2015 ICOZA (Integrated Chemistry of OZone in the Atmosphere) project that took place at a coastal site in north Norfolk, UK. Maximum measured daily OH, HO2 and total RO2 radical concentrations were in the range 2.6–17 × 106, 0.75–4.2 × 108 and 2.3–8.0 × 108 molec. cm−3, respectively. kOH′ ranged from 1.7 to 17.6 s−1, with a median value of 4.7 s−1. ICOZA data were split by wind direction to assess differences in the radical chemistry between air that had passed over the North Sea (NW–SE sectors) and that over major urban conurbations such as London (SW sector). A box model using the Master Chemical Mechanism (MCMv3.3.1) was in reasonable agreement with the OH measurements, but it overpredicted HO2 observations in NW–SE air in the afternoon by a factor of ∼ 2–3, although slightly better agreement was found for HO2 in SW air (factor of ∼ 1.4–2.0 underprediction). The box model severely underpredicted total RO2 observations in both NW–SE and SW air by factors of ∼ 8–9 on average. Measured radical and kOH′ levels and measurement–model ratios displayed strong dependences on NO mixing ratios, with the results suggesting that peroxy radical chemistry is not well understood under high-NOx conditions. The simultaneous measurement of OH, HO2, total RO2 and kOH′ was used to derive experimental (i.e. observationally determined) budgets for all radical species as well as total ROx (i.e. OH + HO2 + RO2). In NW–SE air, the ROx budget could be closed during the daytime within experimental uncertainty, but the rate of OH destruction exceeded the rate of OH production, and the rate of HO2 production greatly exceeded the rate of HO2 destruction, while the opposite was true for RO2. In SW air, the ROx budget analysis indicated missing daytime ROx sources, but the OH budget was balanced, and the same imbalances were found with the HO2 and RO2 budgets as in NW–SE air. For HO2 and RO2, the budget imbalances were most severe at high-NO mixing ratios, and the best agreement between HO2 and RO2 rates of production and destruction rates was found when the RO2 + NO rate coefficient was reduced by a factor of 5. A photostationary-steady-state (PSS) calculation underpredicted daytime OH in NW–SE air by ∼ 35 %, whereas agreement (∼ 15 %) was found within instrumental uncertainty (∼ 26 % at 2σ) in SW air. The rate of in situ ozone production (P(Ox)) was calculated from observations of ROx, NO and NO2 and compared to that calculated from MCM-modelled radical concentrations. The MCM-calculated P(Ox) significantly underpredicted the measurement-calculated P(Ox) in the morning, and the degree of underprediction was found to scale with NO.
A new accurate retrieval algorithm of bromine monoxide columns inside minor volcanic plumes from Sentinel-5P TROPOMI observations
Authors: Warnach Simon , Sihler Holger , Borger Christian , Bobrowski Nicole , Beirle Steffen , Platt Ulrich , Wagner Thomas
Published: November 2023

Abstract. Bromine monoxide (BrO) is a key radical in the atmosphere, influencing the chemical state of the atmosphere, most notably the abundance of ozone (O3). O3 depletion caused by the release of bromine has been observed and modeled in polar regions, salt pans, and in particular inside volcanic plumes. Furthermore, the molar ratio of BrO and SO2 – which can be detected simultaneously via spectroscopic measurements using the differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS) method – is a proxy for the magmatic composition of a volcano and potentially an eruption forecast parameter. The detection of BrO in volcanic plumes from satellite spectroscopic observations is limited by the precision and sensitivity of the retrieval, which so far only allowed for the detection of BrO during major eruptions. The unprecedented spatial resolution of up to 3.5 km×5.5 km and the high signal-to-noise ratio of the TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) on board Sentinel-5 Precursor (S-5P) enable observing and monitoring volcanic bromine release globally even for minor eruptions or even quiescent degassing. In this study, we investigate how far the BrO retrieval can be improved using TROPOMI data and how well BrO can be detected, even in small eruptions and during quiescent volcanic degassing. There are two steps for which improvements in accuracy are investigated and applied: the improvement and quantitative determination of (1) the detection limit of the DOAS BrO column retrieval and (2) the correction of the non-volcanic background BrO signal. First, the DOAS retrieval settings are varied, and their influence on accuracy and precision is investigated with respect to the detection limit and potential systematic influences. Based on these results, we propose a dedicated DOAS evaluation scheme optimized for the detection of BrO in volcanic plumes. For the DOAS retrieval, we propose the use of a large fit window from 323–360 nm, yielding a statistical uncertainty lower by a factor of 1.8 compared to previous BrO DOAS algorithms while not enhancing systematic influences. Second, the effect of the background BrO is reduced by a latitude-dependent empirical correction scheme correlated to cloud information as well as information on the O3 column. Via these improvements, the combined statistical and systematic uncertainties in the resulting BrO vertical column density is on the order of 7×1012moleculescm-2. We present a new and accurate retrieval algorithm of BrO columns from TROPOMI observations which allows for the detection of even slightly enhanced BrO amounts inside minor eruptive plumes of bromine-rich volcanoes. While designed specifically for TROPOMI observations, the retrieval algorithm is in general also applicable to other hyperspectral satellite observations. However, some parts might require adaptation.
High capacity of integrated crop-pasture systems to preserve old stable carbon evaluated in a 60-year-old experiment
Authors: González Sosa Maximiliano , Sierra Carlos A. , Quincke Juan A. , Baethgen Walter E. , Trumbore Susan , Pravia M. Virginia
Published: November 2023

Abstract. Integrated crop-pasture rotational systems can store larger amounts of soil organic carbon (SOC) than continuous grain cropping. The aim of this study was to identify if the main determinant for this difference may be the avoidance of old C losses in integrated systems, or the higher rate of new C incorporation associated with higher C input rates. We analyzed the evolution of SOC in two agricultural treatments of different intensity (continuous cropping and crop-pasture rotational system) in a 60-year experiment in Colonia, Uruguay. We incorporated this information into a process of building and parameterizing SOC compartmental dynamical models, including data from SOC physical fractionation (POM > 53 µm > MAOM), radiocarbon in bulk soil and CO2 incubation efflux. This modeling process provided information about C outflow rates from pools of different stability, C stabilization dynamics, as well as the age distribution and transit times of C. The differences between the two agricultural systems were mainly determined by the dynamics of the stable pool (MAOM). The outflow rate from this compartment was between 3.62 and 5.10 times higher in continuous cropping than in the integrated system, varying according to the historical period of the experiment considered. The avoidance of old C losses in the integrated crop-pasture rotational system determined that only 8.8 % of the MAOM C was incorporated during the experiment period (after 1963) and that more than 85 % was older than 100 years old. Moreover, half of the C inputs to both agricultural systems leave the soil in approximately one year due to high decomposition rates of the POM pool. Our results show that the high capacity to preserve old C of integrated crop-pasture systems is the key for SOC preservation of this sustainable intensification strategy, while their high capacity to incorporate new C into the soil may play a second role.
Mind the Gap: Misalignment Between Drought Monitoring and Community Realities
Authors: Kchouk Sarra , Cavalcante Louise , Melsen Lieke A. , Walker David W. , Ribeiro Neto Germano , Gondim Rubens , Smolenaars Wouter J. , van Oel Pieter R.
Published: November 2023

Abstract. Despite recent studies emphasising the dual human and physical nature of droughts, there is a lag in advancing this insight in drought monitoring and early warning systems (DEWS). These systems mainly depend on physical indices and often overlook the experiences of affected communities, resulting in a drought-monitoring gap. This study introduces the Monitoring Efficacy Matrix (MEM) to assess the alignment between officially monitored data, relevant to drought impacts, and the actual experiences of a rural community in Northeast Brazil, which we investigated through interviews. The MEM revealed 'drought-monitoring challenges', composed of mismatches and blindspots between the official data and local experiences. Mismatches stem from varying spatial and temporal levels; blindspots arise from the diversity of local resilience strategies, or vulnerabilities, influencing drought impacts. What we define as a ‘drought-monitoring gap’ results from the tendency to prioritise specific indices and pragmatic spatial and temporal levels over a comprehensive drought-monitoring approach. We posit that a first step to bridge this gap can draw inspiration from recent drought-impact-monitoring initiatives, which are focused on the continuous monitoring of non-extreme events by municipal technical extension officers. However, ultimately bridging the drought-monitoring gap remains conditional on the adaptation of DEWS frameworks to accommodate the integration of qualitative and local data representing the relevant drought-related local context.
Numerical modelling of the evolution of a river reach with a complex morphology to help define future sustainable restoration decisions
Authors: Yassine Rabab , Cassan Ludovic , Roux Hélène , Frysou Olivier , Pérès François
Published: November 2023

Abstract. The prediction of river morphology evolution is very complicated, especially in the case of mountain and Piedmont rivers with complex morphologies, steep slopes, and heterogeneous grain sizes. The Lac des Gaves (LDG) reach, located within the Gave de Pau River in the Hautes-Pyrénées department, France, has precisely the complex morphological characteristics mentioned above. This reach has gone through severe sediment extractions for over 50 years, leading to the construction of two weirs for riverbed stabilisation. Two large floods resulted in changes in the LDG's hydromorphological characteristics as it went from a single channel river section to a braided river reach. In this study, a 2D hydromorphological model is developed with the TELEMAC-MASCARET system to reproduce the evolution of the channel following a flood that occurred in 2018. The model's validity is assessed by comparing the simulated topographic evolution to the observed one. The results reveal the challenge to choose well-fitted sediment transport equations and friction laws that would make it possible to reproduce such complex morphology. Although the exact localisation of the multiple channels forming the braided nature of the LDG was challenging to reproduce, our model was able to provide reliable volumetric predictions as it reproduces the filling of the LDG correctly. The influence of the two weirs on the river's current and future morphology is also studied. The aim is to provide decision-makers with more reliable predictions to design suitable restoration measures for the LDG reach.
Modelling detrital cosmogenic nuclide concentrations during landscape evolution in Cidre v2.0
Authors: Carretier Sébastien , Regard Vincent , Abdelhafiz Youssouf , Plazolles Bastien
Published: November 2023

Abstract. The measurement of cosmogenic nuclide (CN) concentrations in riverine sediment has provided breakthroughs in our understanding of landscape evolution. Yet, linking this detrital CN signal and relief evolution is based on hypotheses that are not easy to verify in the field. Models can be used to explore the statistics of CN concentrations in sediment grains. In this work, we present a coupling between the landscape evolution model Cidre and a model of the CN concentration in distinct grains. These grains are exhumed and detached from the bedrock and then transported in the sediment to the catchment outlet with temporary burials and travel according to the erosion–deposition rates calculated spatially in Cidre. The concentrations of various CNs can be tracked in these grains. Because the CN concentrations are calculated in a limited number of grains, they provide an approximation of the whole CN flux. Therefore, this approach is limited by the number of grains that can be handled in a reasonable computing time. Conversely, it becomes possible to record part of the variability in the erosion–deposition processes by tracking the CN concentrations in distinct grains using a Lagrangian approach. We illustrate the robustness and limitations of this approach by deriving the catchment-average erosion rates from the mean 10Be concentration of grains leaving a synthetic catchment and comparing them with the erosion rates calculated from sediment flux, for different uplift scenarios. We show that the catchment-average erosion rates are approximated to within 5 % uncertainty in most of the cases with a limited number of grains.
Review article: Towards improved drought prediction in the Mediterranean region – modeling approaches and future directions
Authors: Zellou Bouchra , El Moçayd Nabil , Bergou El Houcine
Published: November 2023

Abstract. There is a scientific consensus that the Mediterranean region (MedR) is warming and as the temperature continues to rise, droughts and heat waves are becoming more frequent, severe, and widespread. Given the detrimental effects of droughts, it is crucial to accelerate the development of forecasting and early warning systems to minimize their negative impact. This paper reviews the current state of drought modeling and prediction applied in the MedR, including statistical, dynamical, and hybrid statistical–dynamical models. By considering the multifaceted nature of droughts, the study encompasses meteorological, agricultural, and hydrological drought forms and spans a variety of forecast scales, from weekly to annual timelines. Our objective is to pinpoint the knowledge gaps in literature and to propose potential research trajectories to improve the prediction of droughts in this region. The review finds that while each method has its unique strengths and limitations, hybrid statistical–dynamical models appear to hold the most promising potential for skillful prediction with seasonal to annual lead times. However, the application of these methods is still challenging due to the lack of high-quality observational data and the limited computational resources. Finally, the paper concludes by discussing the importance of using a combination of sophisticated methods such as data assimilation techniques, machine learning models, and copula models and of integrating data from different sources (e.g., remote sensing data, in situ measurements, and reanalysis) to improve the accuracy and efficiency of drought forecasting.
Evaluation of four calving laws for Antarctic ice shelves
Authors: Wilner Joel A. , Morlighem Mathieu , Cheng Gong
Published: November 2023

Abstract. Many floating ice shelves in Antarctica buttress the ice streams feeding them, thereby reducing the discharge of icebergs into the ocean. The rate at which ice shelves calve icebergs and how fast they flow determine whether they advance, retreat, or remain stable, exerting a first-order control on ice discharge. To parameterize calving within ice sheet models, several empirical and physical calving “laws” have been proposed in the past few decades. Such laws emphasize dissimilar features, including along- and across-flow strain rates (the eigencalving law), a fracture yield criterion (the von Mises law), longitudinal stretching (the crevasse depth law), and a simple ice thickness threshold (the minimum thickness law), among others. Despite the multitude of established calving laws, these laws remain largely unvalidated for the Antarctic Ice Sheet, rendering it difficult to assess the broad applicability of any given law in Antarctica. We address this shortcoming through a set of numerical experiments that evaluate existing calving laws for 10 ice shelves around the Antarctic Ice Sheet. We utilize the Ice-sheet and Sea-level System Model (ISSM) and implement four calving laws under constant external forcing, calibrating the free parameter of each of these calving laws for each ice shelf by assuming that the current position of the ice front is in steady state and finding the set of parameters that best achieves this position over a simulation of 200 years. We find that, in general, the eigencalving and von Mises laws best reproduce observed calving front positions under the steady-state position assumption. These results will streamline future modeling efforts of Antarctic ice shelves by better informing the relevant physics of Antarctic-style calving on a shelf-by-shelf basis.
Intrinsic predictability limits arising from Indian Ocean Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) heating: effects on tropical and extratropical teleconnections
Authors: Straus David Martin , Domeisen Daniela I. V. , Lock Sarah-Jane , Molteni Franco , Yadav Priyanka
Published: November 2023

Abstract. Since the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) is a major source for tropical and extratropical variability on weekly to monthly timescales, the intrinsic predictability of its global teleconnections is of great interest. As the tropical diabatic heating associated with the MJO ultimately drives these teleconnections, the variability in heating among ensemble forecasts initialized from the same episode of the MJO will limit this predictability. In order to assess this limitation, a suite of 60 d ensemble reforecasts has been carried out with the ECMWF forecast model, spanning 13 starting dates from 1 November and 1 January for different years. The initial dates were chosen so that phases 2 and 3 of the MJO (with anomalous tropical heating in the Indian Ocean sector) were present in the observed initial conditions. The 51 members of an individual ensemble use identical initial conditions for the atmosphere and ocean. Stochastic perturbations to the tendencies produced by the atmospheric physics parameterizations are applied only over the Indian Ocean region (50–120∘ E). This guarantees that the spread between reforecasts within an ensemble is due to perturbations in heat sources only in the Indian Ocean sector. The point-wise spread in the intra-ensemble (or error) variance of vertically integrated tropical heating Q is larger than the average ensemble mean signal even at early forecast times; however the planetary wave (PW) component of Q (zonal waves 1–3) is predictable for 25 to 45 d, the time taken for the error variance to reach 50 % to 70 % of saturation. These scales never reach 90 % of saturation during the forecasts. The upper-level tropical PW divergence is even more predictable than Q (40 to 50 d). In contrast, the PW component of the 200 hPa Rossby wave source, which is responsible for propagating the influence of tropical heating to the extratropics, is only predictable for 20 to 30 d. A substantial ensemble spread of 300 hPa meridional wind propagates from the tropics to the Northern Hemisphere storm-track regions by days 15–16. Following the growth of upper-tropospheric spread in planetary wave heat flux, the stratosphere provides a feedback in enhancing the error via downward propagation towards the end of the reforecasts.
Creencias de docentes en formación con relación al uso del voseo chileno en el contexto cotidiano y educativo
Authors: Cautín-Epifani Violeta , Gladic Jadranka , González Carolina , Arellano Rodrigo
Published: November 2023

Actualmente, el voseo verbal juega un rol preponderante dentro de las formas de tratamiento en Chile, el que es usado en el habla cotidiana, especialmente, en situaciones de confianza y cercanía, y en el habla espontánea o informal, además como medio para alcanzar metas comunicativas. Pese a ser un fenómeno ampliamente estudiado, las investigaciones sobre su uso en contextos educativos, así como en la formación inicial docente, son escasas, por lo que se desconoce el tratamiento específico que los profesores otorgan a la aparición de formas voseantes en contextos escolares. Este estudio explora las creencias sobre el uso de voseo que poseen los profesores en formación del área de Lenguaje de 4 universidades chilenas, con muestras recolectadas a través de entrevistas y cuestionarios. Los resultados permitieron caracterizar las creencias de los participantes sobre el uso de estas formas de tratamiento, ya sea en el contexto educativo o cotidiano y su relación con el prestigio encubierto que estas detentan en Chile. (p. 157)
¿Qué caracteriza a una buena sección RESULTADOS? Vinculación entre calidad y rasgos lingüístico-discursivos en Trabajos Finales de Grado de Ingeniería Informática
Authors: Lillo Fuentes Fernando , López-Ferrero Carmen , Venegas René
Published: November 2023

El presente estudio tiene por objetivo vincular rasgos lingüístico-discursivos con la calidad lingüísticodiscursiva (CLD) en la sección resultados de Trabajos Fin de Grado (TFG) de Ingeniería Informática. Con este propósito, medimos con apoyo de herramientas computacionales 24 rasgos que se han relacionado comúnmente con la CLD, además de otros que incluimos a partir de entrevistas realizadas a los miembros de la comunidad disciplinar. Se observa que la calidad de la sección se atribuye, principalmente, a: 1) los propósitos comunicativos ligados al macropropósito de la sección, 2) la relación entre el texto escrito y los artefactos multimodales, 3) la cohesión textual, 4) la complejidad sintáctica y 5) la extensión del escrito (número de palabras). A partir de lo anterior, sostenemos que para determinar la CLD de la sección, con apoyo de herramientas informáticas, se debe atender a las características del género discursivo, los aspectos formales, el contenido del texto y las convenciones propias de la comunidad. Nuestros hallazgos pueden ser de gran utilidad para la creación de material didáctico que apoye la escritura de esta compleja sección y para la determinación de los rasgos a incluir en herramientas informáticas que evalúen la CLD de manera automática, pues todos ellos han sido operacionalizados con el apoyo de ordenadores..
Discussion on Transparency of Free Trade Agreement (FTA) and Anti-Corruption Measures
Authors:   Korean Association For Corruption Studies, Kim Tae Hwang
Published: November 2023

Among the 21 FTA agreements concluded (signed) by Korea between 2003 and 2021, there are 16 agreements that constitute the transparency chapter. The transparency chapter of the FTA requires the Parties to clearly implement the Agreement and to promulgate relevant domestic laws and administrative procedures so that the Parties' stakeholders can recognize and respond to each other. It also specifies retrial and administrative execution of appeals for matters subject to the agreement, and stipulates mutual provision of information on administrative measures that may have a practical impact on the operation of the agreement. The strongest ‘anti-corruption’ provisions that guarantee transparency are included only in the Korea-US FTA and the Korea-Cambodia FTA. It was specified that the two countries would cooperate and reaffirm their commitment to eradicate bribery and corruption in trade and investment. The Korea-EU FTA uniquely added a ‘non-discrimination’ clause. The discussion on transparency of the FTA concluded by Korea can be evaluated as having established minimum procedural measures to prevent corruption, but it is judged to be insufficient to strengthen substantive transparency. Even after Korea concluded FTAs with major trading partners, the number and proportion of complaints filed for dumping or unfair trade practices such as subsidy showed an increasing trend, which can be inferred that the effective influence of the FTA's transparency provisions was not effective. You can. In order to effectively strengthen transparency while promoting free trade, domestic follow-up measures to prevent corruption must be linked to the FTA.
Cases of severe hypotension caused by prone position in patients with scoliosis: A case report
Authors:   The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, China, Lin Shu , He He-fan ,   The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, China
Published: November 2023

We hope to provide useful experience for clinical workers about the solutions to the critical situation of severe hypotension in scoliosis surgery.
Squamous cell carcinoma of the face with a focus of myiasis
Authors:   Department of Clinical Oncology, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil, Naime Fauzia de F
Published: November 2023

An 87-year-old woman was admitted to a public hospital in São Paulo, Brazil, with an extensive, ulcerated, infected lesion with bleeding on her face, along with a focus of myiasis. The lesion had appeared 15 years ago on the right malar region
A rare case of an inclusion cyst mimicking carcinoma unknown primary with secondary in the neck
Authors:   Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India, Bakshi Jaimanti
Published: November 2023

Squamous cell carcinomas of Head and Neck are at a rising trend since recent years. Southeast Asia (especially the Indian subcontinent) is a high-risk region for these cancers. More than 200,000 new such cases are reported each year in India [1].
Oropharyngeal Kaposi’s sarcoma in a non-immunosuppressed patient
Authors:   Radiotherapy Oncology Department Virgen de la Arrixaca University Clinical Hospital. Murcia, Spain, JA Encarnacion Navarro
Published: November 2023

Kaposis sarcoma is a malignant tumor caused by the HHV-8. It usually occurs in people with weakened immune systems, due to HIV/AIDS
Clinico-social case report of lepromatous leprosy in a rural area of Central India
Authors:   Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Muneshwar Komal N
Published: November 2023

Leprosy is a well-known disease (Hansens Disease) since the days of Sushruta and Charkas and is caused by Mycobacterium leprae. In Vedic reference, it is mentioned as Kusht Rog [1]
Imatinib associated generalized exfoliation and scaly cutaneous lesions with facial predominance
Authors:   SMS Medical College, Jaipur, India., Bagrodia Vansh
Published: November 2023

We report the case of a 62-year-old female patient who presented to us with complaints of low grade fever, fatigue and left upper abdomen discomfort
Pengaruh Audit Tenure, Pengetahuan Dan Pengalaman Auditor Terhadap Kualitas Audit (Studi Empiris Pada BPK Perwakilan Provinsi Papua)
Authors: Simangunsong Natalina Tiur Angel , Salim Susanto
Published: November 2023

Audit laporan keuangan pemerintah daerah oleh Badan Pemeriksa Keuangan (BPK) memiliki peran penting dalam menjaga transparansi, akuntabilitas, dan integritas keuangan pemerintah daerah. Kualitas audit dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor diantaranya audit tenure. Dalam lingkungan audit pemerintahan, terdapat perdebatan mengenai dampak audit tenure yang lebih lama terhadap kualitas audit. Beberapa penelitian menunjukkan bahwa audit tenure yang lama dapat mengurangi kemandirian auditor dan meningkatkan risiko kehilangan objektivitas. Namun, pandangan lain berargumen bahwa audit tenure yang lama dapat memperkuat pemahaman auditor tentang bisnis auditee, serta memungkinkan mereka untuk mengenali risiko dan tantangan khusus yang terkait dengan sektor pemerintahan yang mereka audit. Selain audit tenure, pengetahuan dan pengalaman auditor juga memiliki peran penting dalam menentukan kualitas audit. Pengetahuan dan pengalaman yang memadai akan memungkinkan auditor untuk memahami dengan baik entitas yang diaudit, mengidentifikasi risiko yang relevan, serta melaksanakan prosedur audit yang efektif. Sebaliknya, kurangnya pengetahuan dan pengalaman dapat membatasi kemampuan auditor untuk menghasilkan audit yang berkualitas tinggi. Studi empiris ini bertujuan untuk menginvestigasi pengaruh audit tenure, pengetahuan, dan pengalaman auditor terhadap kualitas audit di BPK Perwakilan Provinsi Papua. Metode penelitian menggunakan menggunakan teknik regresi linear berganda untuk menguji hipotesis dan mengetahui sejauh mana pengaruh variabel independen terhadap variabel dependen. Hasilnya adalah variabel audit tenure tidak berpengaruh terhadap kualitas audit, variabel pengetahuan auditor berpengaruh positif terhadap kualitas audit dan variabel pengalaman auditor berpengaruh terhadap kualitas audit.
Pengaruh Modal Kerja, Leverage, Dan Profitabilitas Terhadap Financial Distress Perusahaan Semen Yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia
Authors: Tambunan Tarida , Isnurhadi Isnurhadi , Widiyanti Marlina , Adam Mohamad
Published: November 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh modal kerja, leverage, dan profitabilitas perusahaan terhadap kesulitan keuangan. Variabel independen dalam penelitian adalah Perputaran Modal Kerja, Tingkat Leverage Keuangan, Tingkat Leverage Operasi, dan Pengembalian Aset. Variabel dependen dalam penelitian ini adalah Kesulitan Keuangan yang diukur dengan Z-Score. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian eksplanatori yang menjelaskan hubungan atau pengaruh antar variabel. Populasi dalam penelitian ini sejumlah 5 perusahaan sub sektor semen dan pengambilan sampel menggunakan sampel jenuh. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari laporan keuangan tahunan perusahaan sub sektor semen dari BEI periode 2014-2021. Analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah regresi data panel. Penelitian ini menggunakan uji parsial yang menunjukkan hasil dari bahwa Perputaran Modal Kerja, Tingkat Leverage Keuangan, Tingkat Leverage Operasi, dan Pengembalian Aset tidak berpengaruh terhadap Kesulitan Keuangan.
Risky Masquerades: The Play of Masks in Yukio Mishima’s Confessions and Qiu Miaojin’s Crocodile
Authors: Li Xiaofan Amy
Published: November 2023

This article explores queer masquerade and risk by comparing Mishima’s Confessions of a Mask with Qiu’s Notes of a Crocodile. Although masquerade is typically discussed in terms of performativity, insufficient attention is paid to masquerade as a play-form, particularly in scholarship on East Asian literatures. This offers a new perspective on Confessions and Notes, which are persistently read as autobiographical representation. Focusing on the trope of the mask in Confessions and Notes, this article shows that masquerade oscillates between different masks rather than between being and appearance. It reveals risks to identity and the body, and experiences and interpretive modes that are obscured by identitarian and epistemic categories. Instead of a gay novel, Confessions vehemently opposes fixing identity in any way. Similarly, Notes does not reflect Qiu’s own life and sexuality so much as a queer postcolonial rewriting of Confessions. While both novels demonstrate that masquerade is coercive play when it is a “straightening device,” they also suggest the notion of “ludic risk,” showing that masquerade offers the possibility to play with different identities and disrupt established patterns of behavior and recognition. Mishima’s and Qiu’s fiction helps us understand masquerade as risky play and a queer method.
Description of a specialized outpatient clinic as a reference center for children and adolescents living with HIV/AIDS in southern Brazil
Authors: Carvalho Emanuela da Rocha , Tahan Tony Tannous , Rossoni Andrea Maciel de Oliveira , Rodrigues Cristina de Oliveira
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Children living with HIV/AIDS require specialized care. Objective: To describe clinical and epidemiological characteristics of patients living with HIV/AIDS.
Methods: Observational, descriptive study using medical records data of patients with HIV/AIDS under 14 years of age. Approved by the institution's Ethics Committee under number 1,432,517. Results: 60 cases were included; the median follow-up duration was 6.8 years; 50.0% were male; 88.3% were white; 75.0% were from the capital and metropolitan region. Prenatal records were available for 51 cases, but only 44.6% received antiretroviral therapy (ART) during pregnancy (mean duration of 3.3 months). HIV diagnosis was based on clinical symptoms in 28.3% of the cases, occurring in similar proportions for both childhood common infections and opportunistic infections. According to the CDC clinical classification (1994), at the start of follow-up, 56.6% of patients had moderate or severe symptoms, which would be reduced to only 18.3% upon reclassification at the last visit (p=0.016). Initially, 41.7% showed evidence of immunosuppression, compared to 19.9% at the time of the study (p=0.5). Only 6.6% remained asymptomatic. A decrease in the average number of hospitalizations was observed during follow-up. Conclusion: Among the cases diagnosed based on clinical symptoms, half were attributed to common childhood infections and lacked immunosuppression.
Review on the Biological and Bioactive components of Cocoa (Theobroma Cacao). Insight on Food, Health and Nutrition
Authors: Edo Great Iruoghene , Samuel Princess Oghenekeno , Oloni Gift Onyinyechi , Ezekiel Gracious Okeoghene , Onoharigho Favour Ogheneoruese , Oghenegueke Ogheneochuko , Nwachukwu Susan Chinedu , Rapheal Opiti Ajiri , Ajokpaoghene Mercy Orezimena , Okolie Michael Chukwuma , Ajakaye Ruth Sheyi , Ndudi Winifred , Igbodo Philip chukwuemeziozor
Published: November 2023

Cocoa (Theobroma cacao) is a well-known tropical plant extensively cultivated for its beans, which are the primary raw material for chocolate production. This article aims to comprehensively review and analyze the bioactive compounds present in cocoa and their corresponding biological activities, highlighting their potential implications for human health. A systematic literature review was conducted to gather relevant research articles and reviews related to the bioactive compounds of cocoa and their biological activities. The databases used for the search included PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar, with keywords such as "cocoa bioactive compounds," "flavonoids," "theobromine," "antioxidant activity," and "cardiovascular health" used for data retrieval. The analysis revealed that cocoa is rich in bioactive compounds, such as flavonoids (e.g., catechins, epicatechins), methylxanthines (e.g., theobromine, caffeine), and polyphenols. These bioactive compounds have been associated with various biological activities, including potent antioxidant effects, anti-inflammatory properties, and vasodilation, which may positively influence cardiovascular health. The consumption of cocoa and its bioactive compounds may offer several health benefits due to their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cardiovascular-protective properties. However, further research is necessary to fully understand the mechanisms of action and to determine appropriate dosage recommendations for harnessing the potential health benefits of cocoa.
Renal effects of isolated resistance training in rats fed with high-fat diet
Authors: Manhanini Diogo Pires , Leite Richard Diego , Souza Maria das Graças Coelho de , Ferrão Fernanda Magalhães , Carvalho Melanny Bernardino de Lima , Bouskela Eliete , Aguiar Luiz Guilherme Kraemer , Castiglione Raquel Carvalho
Published: November 2023

Aims: Regular physical activity is one of the most critical actions for treatment and prevention of obesity. Our aim is to evaluate the effects of resistance training in the inflammatory profile and renal damage promoted by high-fat diet in rats. Methods: Male Wistar rats were randomized into four groups: 12 weeks of a standard diet without (C) or with association with a 12 weeks resistance training program (RT), and high-fat diet without (HF) or with association with resistance training (HF-RT). Adiponectin, interleukin-6, leptin, MCP-1 and insulin were evaluated in plasma or serum. Glomerular size was analyzed by histology and total kidney content of mTOR, p-mTOR, PAI-1, STAT3 and p-STAT3 were quantified by western blot. Results: High-fat diet increased leptin, MCP-1 and TNF-α levels and resistance training normalized these levels in these animals. Glomerular tuff hypertrophy and renal increase in STAT, p-STAT3, mTOR and p-mTOR expression were observed in HF animals and normalized with RT. Conclusions: Our resistance training protocol had beneficial effects on proinflammatory state ang glomerular alterations in rats fed high-fat diet.
Upaya Meningkatkan Kesadaran Masyarakat Tentang Bahaya Covid-19 Pada Masa PPKM Di DesaPananjung Dan Desa Bandasari Kecamatan Cangkuang Kabupaten Bandung
Authors: Slamet Tuti , Wahyudin Zerry , Sari Sinta Dinda , Nurohimah Nevi Siti , Gumilar Dea , Yulianti Ade Eeka , Mulyasim Asep
Published: November 2023

Wabah Corona Virus Diseases-19 (Covid-19) sangat berdampak pada kehidupan manusia yang harus menjalankan kebiasaan yang berbeda. Upaya meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat tentang bahaya Covid-19 pada masa PPKM di desa Pananjung dan desa Bandasari kecamatan Cangkuang dengan cara memberikan sosialisasi dan edukasi mengenai Covid-19 dan pentingnya vaksin serta meninjau protokol kesehatan yang diterapkan di kantor desa dan fasilitas Kesehatan. Masyarakat perlu mengetahui akan bahaya Covid-19, melaksanakan protokol kesehatan dengan benar dan melakukan vaksinasi. Tahapan kegiatan dirancang selama 6 hari, dengan berkoordinasi dan meminta perizinan untuk melaksanakan kegiatan kepada pihak desa Pananjung dan desa Bandasari. Hasil kegiatan pengabdian ini masih bisa dikatakan sangat jauh dengan yang diharapkan karena masyarakat setempat yang sudah terlanjur tidak percaya karena banyak berita menyimpang tentang covid-19.
UPAYA PELESTARIAN PERMAINAN TRADISIONAL SEBAGAI WARISAN BUDAYA BANGSA
Authors: Herawati Irma Erika , Ningrat Bayu , Puspita Afriani Ratna , Yulia Karlina , Marliana N Kintan , Octora Fira Mozza , Yundina Krisdi , Daud Nurkholis
Published: November 2023

Permainan tradisional di Indonesia lahir dan berkembang dari budaya daerah yang menjadi ciri khas bagi kebudayaan setempat. Di masa pandemi Covid-19 saat ini, perubahan terjadi di semua sektor baik ekonomi maupun pendidikan. Proses pembelajaran berbasis daring selama pandemi Covid-19 menimbulkan berbagai permasalahan bagi anak dan keluarganya, khususnya siswa sekolah dasar. Adanya pembatasan sosial menimbulkan rasa jenuh sehingga intensitas penggunaan handphone sebagai media bermain dan hiburan semakin meningkat. Dampak yang dikhawatirkan dari kondisi ini adalah keberadaan permainan tradisional menjadi tergusur. Berbagai kalangan termasuk anak-anak dan generasi muda sudah tidak lagi mengenal permainan tradisional di daerahnya. Kegiatan pengabdian ini bertujuan melestarikan permainan tradisional di masyarakat Desa  Kumpay. Upaya pelestarian permainan tradisional dilakukan melalui sosialisasi dan pengenalan permainan tradisional pada anak-anak. Jenis permainan yang dilakukan adalah boy-boyan, ucing sendal, ucing 25, balap karung dan balap kelereng. Kegiatan ini diharapkan anak-anak tidak lagi kecanduan dengan game online yang terbukti memiliki dampak buruk terhadap kesehatan. Berdasarkan hasil kegiatan yang dilakukan dapat disimpulkan bahwa anak-anak ternyata sangat antusias untuk melestarikan permainan tradisional sebagai warisan dari nenek moyang terdahulu.
Efektivitas Kegiatan Harian Masyarakat di Desa Binong Subang dalam menghadapi Era new normal Paska Covid - 19
Authors: Anto Herdi , Annisa Aan , Rosanti Noni , Badriahtul Siti Sarah , Nurfauzi Eva , Andriani Neng Tella , Udin Komar
Published: November 2023

Kuliah Kerja Nyata saat pandemi covid-19 seperti ini berbeda dengan KKN pada umumnya. KKN pada saatpandemi covid-19 bisa dilakukan secara kelompok langsung di lapangan dan bisa secara mandiri daring. Dengan adanya KKN di tengah pandemi covid-19 diharapkan Mahasiswa tetap memiliki urgensi pengabdian sehingga dapat mengembangkan kompetensi Mahasiswa dan interaksi dalam bersosial di masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengedukasi pengetahuan serta penanganan di era new normal ini. Beberapa daerah yang menjadi sasaran pelaksanaan Kuliah Kerja Nyata (KKN) yaitu di desa cicadas kecamatan Binong, Metode pengumpulan data mengggunakan wawancara, observasi serta dokumentasi. Metode wawancara pada Penelitian ini digunakan bertujuan menggali informasi kepada masyarakat mengenai kebermanfaatan kegiatan Kuliah Kerja Nyata di era new normal ini. Hasil pada Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kegiatan KKN sebagai wujud pengabdian kepada masyarakat pada masa pandemi masih tetap bisa dirasakan manfaatnya oleh masyarakat dan peran Mahasiswa masih bisa dilakukan dengan rangkaian kegiatan inovatif serta tetap menjalankan protokol kesehatan
SOSIALISASI COVID-19 DAN PEMANFAATAN TANAMAN HERBAL UNTUK MENINGKATKAN SISTEM IMUN DI MASA PANDEMI
Authors: Herawati Irma Erika , Puspita Affriani Ratna , Marliana N Kintan , Ningrat Bayu , Yulia Karlina , Octora Fira Mozza , Daud Nurkholis , Yundina Krisdi
Published: November 2023

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) adalah penyakit jenis baru yang belum pernah diidentifikasi sebelumnya pada manusia. Virus penyebab COVID-19 ini dinamakan Sars-CoV-2. Virus corona adalah zoonosis (ditularkan antara hewan dan manusia). Pengobatan terhadap visrus ini masih berdasarkan coba-coba, salah satunya adalah dengan memperbaiki sistem imunitas tubuh manusia menggunakan tanaman herbal. Tanaman telah banyak dimanfaatkan sebagai obat sejak zaman pra sejarah, yaitu sekitar 60.000 tahun yang lalu. Tanaman yang sering digunakan adalah empon-empon. Empon-empon banyak mengandung senyawa berkhasiat di antaranya adalah kurkumin yang terdapat pada temulawak yang merupakan antioksidan. Selain kurkumin, di dalam temulawak juga terdapat senyawa fenol yang berfungsi sebagai antioksidan. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah untuk mengedukasi masyarakat tentang bahayanya virus Sars-CoV2. Lebih memelihara kesehatan tubuh salah satunya dengan membuat jamu untuk meningkatkan imunitas tubuh. Metode yang digunakan  yaitu berupa sosialisasi dan praktek langsun kepada ibu pkk dan kader.Dengan di adakan nya kegiata ini respon masyarakat sangat antusias karna mereka mendapatkan ilmu baru tentang virus covid-19 varian baru dan masyarkat mendapatkan ilmu baru tentang bagaimana cara memanfaatkan tanaman herbal menjadi jamu yang dapat meningkatkan kesehatan mereka di masa seperti ini.