bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of Situated Learning Approach on Teacher Learning: Physical Education Teacher Trainees' Perception of Disability and Inclusion
Authors: An Jihoun
Published: February 2023

Globally, educational inclusion for Students with Disabilities (SWDs) has been a rising movement since the 1990s. However, discourses on professional development processes that prepare teachers to become inclusive practitioners for SWDs are still limited. This qualitative case study examined the learning experiences of Physical Education Teacher Trainees (PETTs) in an introductory adapted physical education course designed with a situated learning framework to explore its influences on their understanding of disability and inclusion in physical education. The course was re-designed incorporating three interrelated dimensions-context, learner, and activity-of the situated learning. A qualitative intrinsic case study design driven by an interpretive perspective was undertaken to describe and understand the PETTs' experiences. Four PETTs' (3 females, 1 male) perceptions were gathered through a semi structured interview, reflections on learning activities, photos, a pre-course survey, and field notes. Three themes emerged from the thematic analysis are: (1) The power of authenticity in learning, (2) Beyond empathy: accepting individual differences, and (3) Inclusion as an integral part of education. Findings reveal that PETTs have shown perceptual transformation in disability and inclusion. This study discusses the PETTs' conceptualization of disability and inclusion with the notion that direct engagement with practices can deepen their learning within social and cultural contexts, such as adapted/inclusive physical education and social relationships with the Community of Practices (CoPs).
Entrepreneurial Intention and Skills Needed by Today's Youths for Sustainable Development
Authors: Ezenwanne Dorothy Nkem
Published: February 2023

The development of entrepreneurial intention and raising the attitudes of today's youths to launch their own firms in Nigeria has continued to center on entrepreneurship and skill acquisition. Based on these, the study looked into various skills needed by today's youths for Sustainable Development. The study was further guided by two research questions and one hypothesis tested at the 0.05 level of significance. A descriptive survey research approach was implemented. The participants in this study were students and lecturers at Nwafor Orizu College of Education, Nsugbe, Anambra State, Nigeria. The population size was made up of 70 students and 30 lecturers. Data were collected using a questionnaire produced by the researcher. The responses were analysed using arithmetic mean and standard deviation scores, and the null hypothesis was tested using a t-test. The result revealed that self-motivation is among the influencing factors of entrepreneurial intentions by today's youths. Additionally, creativity was considered essential since most entrepreneurs are beginning from zero position with limited resources. The results further revealed that students and lecturers do not differ significantly in their mean perception scores regarding sustainable entrepreneurial soft skills required by today's youths. It was recommended among others that the federal government should create an atmosphere that is conducive to learning and supply all the tools and resources required for Nigeria's economy to grow sustainably.
International Legal Standards in Crime Prevention
Authors: Kolomiiets Nataliia , Senchenko Nadiia , Petryk Olena , Ivankov Ihor , Ovsiannikova Olga , , Geperidze Davit
Published: February 2023

A qualitatively new stage in the development of international and national criminal law was marked by the international standards created to combat crime and the treatment of offenders by the global community, which deepens their interaction and establishes conditions for crime prevention and the protection of human rights. The purpose of the academic paper is to identify the primary crime prevention standards, their initiators and disseminators, the principal standardization areas, and approaches to address the issue. The research aims to show modern international norms and standards based on investigating the UN declarations and other normative documents formed by international organizations considering their development prospects. The need for more scientific, legal literature on modern standardization in crime prevention determines the research relevance. Therefore, this research is based on the last three UN Congresses in world crime prevention. The results show systematized information and the standardization of crime prevention. The study reviews the primary standards in the criminal treatment and detainee juvenile offenders and methods of combating modern problems in the information space, human trafficking, and terrorism. Emphasis is also placed on gender policy, corruption, and other contemporary issues. The research shows that the UN holds the Congresses according to the social development and crimes variety once in five years. The relevant problems of the modern world are computer technology crimes, crime in COVID-19, and corruption.
Broadband THz Detection by YBaCuO Josephson Junctions Having Finite Capacitance
Authors: Matrozova Ekaterina A. , Revin Leonid S.
Published: February 2023

Broadband classical detection of THz radiation by a YBaCuO Josephson junction was studied on the basis of resistively-capacitively shunted junction model. Numerical simulation was based on the parameters of the samples experimentally studied in other works at nitrogen temperatures. It is shown that taking into account the damping of the Josephson junction becomes essential for high frequencies of external signal. The absolute value of responsivity decreases as junction capacitance increases. Damping parameter also influences the choice of optimal IC and RN parameters.
Zero Truncated Poisson - Pareto Distribution: Application and Estimation Methods
Authors: Badr Abdallah M. M , Hassan Tamer , El Din Tarek Shams , Ali Faisal. A. M
Published: February 2023

This article introduces and discusses a new three-parameter lifespan distribution called Zero-Truncated Poisson Pareto distribution ZTPP. that is built on compounding Pareto distribution as a continuous distribution and Zero-Truncated Poisson distribution as a discrete distribution. Various statistical properties and reliability characteristics of the proposed distribution have been investigated including explicit expressions for the moments, moment generating function, quantile function, and median. With three parameters, the suggested distribution has an advantage over other distributions in that it makes estimating the model parameters simpler. To estimate the unknown parameters of the ZTPP distribution, the maximum likelihood method, and L. Moments method are employed. Moreover, a real data set is used to evaluate the significance and ensure the applicability of the proposed distribution as compared to other probability distributions. The derived model proved to be the best compared to other fitted models, where the criteria values of (AIC), (CAIC), and (BIC) are minimum values by using the ZTPP distribution. The proposed model is hoped to attract a wider application.
RENEWABLE ENERGY IN THE CONTEXT OF ECONOMIC AND NATIONAL SECURITY THREATS UNDER RUSSIAN AGGRESSION
Authors: Humeniuk O. M. , Humeniuk I. I.
Published: February 2023

Renewable energy is a priority in making the “green” transition from climate-damaging fossil fuels to “clean” renewable energy sources, as well as ensuring sustainable access to energy worldwide. The article is aimed at analyzing the impact of the Russian-Ukrainian war on the development of renewable energy sources in Ukraine and its economic return. The authors suggest several effective low-cost steps to minimize the impact of the current Ukrainian situation on the economy and the formation of the energy independence of Ukraine, as well as the further development of the industry focused on quitting Russian gas.
USING OF MILLET STRAW FOR ENERGY PURPOSES
Authors: Błaszczyk Lidia , Nowak Czesław , Pustova Z. V. , Pustova N. V. , Yasinetska I. A. , Bialkovska O. А. , Koberniuk O. Т.
Published: February 2023

The article considers the issue of using plant waste from agriculture for energy production in Ukraine. The following aspects are analyzed: the formation of straw and sifted grains of cereals, in particular, millet (P. miliaceum L.), available directions of their utilization, as well as the prerequisites for the possibility of application in energy purposes. A positive correlation was noted between the parameters of the structure of millet plants and investigated elements of cultivation technology. When applied to the studied species of millet, both the grain yield of plants and biomass, which after harvesting forms waste, increases as well, and it is expedient to use it as a source of biofuel. The use of agricultural techniques in research has had a positive effect on both the increase in biomass and grain productivity of energy millet. The highest yield was recorded in the variants when applying N60P60K60: in the variety Jubilee – 5.31 t/ha, Zolushka – 5,00 t/ha (50–55% to control), which provided the amount of waste mass – 5,0–5,3 t/ha, respectively, and increased potential resource of raw materials for the production of various types of biofuels for millet by 50%.
РОЗВИТОК КОМУНІКАТИВНОЇ КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТІ ЯК ЧИННИК ФОРМУВАННЯ РЕЗИЛЬЄНТНОСТІ ПЕДАГОГА
Authors: Ivanova Oksana
Published: February 2023

Розкрито значення розвитку резильєнтності педагога в умовах війни як особистісної компетентності, що визначає відносно стійку здатність особистості до усвідомленої саморегуляції у різноманітних життєвих обставинах. Автор акцентує на взаємозв’язку розвитку комунікативної компетентності педагога й резильєнтності. Презентовано результати констатувального та формувального експериментів з розвитку комунікативного компоненту психологічної готовності вчителя НУШ до професійної діяльності. Окреслено подальші напрями наукового пошуку.
The conjunction fallacy in rats
Authors: González Valeria V. , Sadeghi Sowgol , Tran Linh , Blaisdell Aaron P.
Published: February 2023

Humans and other animals are capable of reasoning. However, there are overwhelming examples of errors or anomalies in reasoning. In two experiments, we studied if rats, like humans, estimate the conjunction of two events as more likely than each event independently, a phenomenon that has been called conjunction fallacy. In both experiments, rats learned through food reinforcement to press a lever under some cue conditions but not others. Sound B was rewarded whereas Sound A was not. However, when B was presented with the visual cue Y was not rewarded, whereas AX was rewarded (i.e., A-, AX+, B+, BY-). Both visual cues were presented in the same bulb. After training, rats received test sessions in which A and B were presented with the bulb explicitly off or occluded by a metal piece. Thus, on the occluded condition, it was ambiguous whether the trials were of the elements alone (A or B) or of the compounds (AX or BY). Rats responded on the occluded condition as if the compound cues were most likely present. The second experiment investigated if this error in probability estimation in Experiment 1, could be due to a conjunction fallacy, and if this could be attenuated by increasing the ratio of element/compound trials from the original 50-50 to 70-30 and 90-10. Only the 90-10 condition (where 90% of the training trials were of just A or just B) did not show a conjunction fallacy, though it emerged in all groups with additional training. These findings open new avenues for exploring the mechanisms behind the conjunction fallacy effect.
El planeamiento estratégico y su incidencia con la gestión administrativa de la unidad de nivelación y admisión, universidad nacional de Chimborazo, ciudad de Riobamba-Ecuador
Authors: Silva Borja Galo Patricio , Cabrera Culech Silvia
Published: February 2023

El presente trabajo se inició en el 2022 ya que uno de los problemas que afrontan las instituciones educativas es la falta de un Plan Estratégico y el desconocimiento en Gestión Administrativa, en razón de que sus directivos no cumplen con las políticas, fines, principios, objetivos y metas, la Unidad de Nivelación y Admisión de la Universidad Nacional de Chimborazo inmersa dentro de esta problemática, no tiene definido su organización interna, con el objetivo de mejorar la gestión administrativa de dicha institución presentamos el siguiente trabajo que lleva por título “Planeamiento estratégico y su incidencia con la gestión administrativa de la unidad de nivelación y admisión, Universidad Nacional de Chimborazo, ciudad de Riobamba-Ecuador”, con la cual pretendemos resolver la problemática de: ¿Cómo incide la falta de planificación estratégica en la gestión administrativa de la unidad? Nuestra investigación se halla fundamentada en la abstracción inicial del cual partió el desarrollo del conocimiento científico disponible sobre el tema de donde se conceptualiza a la gestión administrativa como la capacidad y el proceso de planificación, dirección, organización y control, para la construcción, afirmación y desarrollo de la nueva unidad educativa centrada en las necesidades internas y externas los mismos que son indispensables para tener una gestión de competencia. (Mejía 2005)
REVIEW: JURNAL SWAMEDIKASI TENTANG PENYAKIT KULIT AKIBAT BAKTERI (BISUL DAN JERAWAT)
Authors: Lestari Trisna , Maylina Ellen , Ahzami Fajar Willy , Fadila Fasiha Nur , Sari Indah Mutiara , Ayun Qurotul
Published: February 2023

Swamedikasi adalah kegiatan yang bertujuan untuk mengobati suatu penyakit maupun gejala yang ringan atau dilakukan secara mandiri tanpa menggunakan resep dari dokter. Apabila pengobatan dengan swamedikasi tidak berhasil, maka harus dilakukan pemeriksaan ke dokter untuk mencegah terjadinya komplikasi dan pengobatan menjadi lebih efektif. Jerawat adalah salah satu keadaan pori – pori yang tersumbat hingga menyebabkan timbulnya kantung nanah dan meradang. Bisul merupakan penyakit kulit manusia yang berupa benjolan, kelihatan merah sehingga membesar dan penuh dengan nanah, rasanya panas, bisa tumbuh disemua bagian tubuh, tetapi biasanya tumbuh dibagaian tubuh yang basah, seperti: leher, lipitan tangan, lipatan selangkangan, kulit kepala. Tujuan review ini untuk mengetahui tentang pengetahuan swamedikasi penyakit kulit akibat bakteri bisul dan jerawat. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan literature review dari Google Schooler dengan 10 jurnal yang diperoleh, menggunakan kata kunci: swamedikasi, penyakit kulit yang disebabkan bakteri, jerawat dan bisul. Swamedikasi bisul masih rendah sehingga menyebabkan kesalahan dalam penggunaan obat hanya sekitar 40,12% saja hasil presentasenya. Cara non farmakologi 67,03% lebih menggunakan obat -obatan tradisional dari pada obat - obatan non tradisional dan swamedikasi jerawat dengan obat-obatan presentase 27,273% responden. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dari beberapa jurnal yang di review diketahui bahwa tingkat masyarakat tentang swamedikasi penyakit kulit akibat bakteri bisul dan jerawat. Sebagian masyarakat belum memahami pentingnya swamedikasi bisul dalam obat-obatan non herbal, tetapi lebih memahami obat –obatan herbal pada bisul dan pada jerawat pengetahuannya cukup untuk swamedikasi baik farmakologi berupa obat ataupun non farmakologi berupa pola hidup yang baik.
Studieren im Wandel der Zeit – ein Podcast
Authors: Bartels Alina , Froitzheim Eva
Published: February 2023

Der Podcast Studieren im Wandel der Zeit bringt drei Generationen von Kieler Geschichtsstudierenden zusammen und lässt diese über ihre Studienzeit reflektieren. Das studentische Projekt zeigt auf, wie moderne Medien
in die universitäre Geschichtsschreibung integriert werden können.
Wide-band Timing of the Parkes Pulsar Timing Array UWL Data
Authors: Curyło Małgorzata , Pennucci Timothy T. , Bailes Matthew , Bhat N. D. Ramesh , Cameron Andrew D. , Dai Shi , Hobbs George , Kapur Agastya , Manchester Richard N. , Mandow Rami , Miles Matthew T. , Russell Christopher J. , Reardon Daniel J. , Shannon Ryan M. , Spiewak Renée , van Straten Willem , Zhu Xing-Jiang , Zic Andrew
Published: February 2023

In 2018 an ultra–wide-bandwidth low-frequency (UWL) receiver was installed on the 64 m Parkes Radio Telescope, enabling observations with an instantaneous frequency coverage from 704 to 4032 MHz. Here we present the analysis of a 3 yr data set of 35 ms pulsars observed with the UWL by the Parkes Pulsar Timing Array, using wide-band timing methods. The two key differences compared to typical narrowband methods are (1) generation of two-dimensional templates accounting for pulse shape evolution with frequency and (2) simultaneous measurements of the pulse time of arrival (TOA) and dispersion measure (DM). This is the first time that wide-band timing has been applied to a uniform data set collected with a single large fractional bandwidth receiver, for which such techniques were originally developed. As a result of our study, we present a set of profile evolution models and new timing solutions, including initial noise analysis. Precision of our TOA and DM measurements is in the range of 0.005–2.08 μs and (0.043–14.24) × 10−4 cm−3 pc, respectively, with 94% of the pulsars achieving a median TOA uncertainty of less than 1 μs.
The Star Formation History of the Milky Way’s Nuclear Star Cluster
Authors: Chen Zhuo , Do Tuan , Ghez Andrea M. , Hosek Matthew W. , Feldmeier-Krause Anja , Chu Devin S. , Bentley Rory O. , Lu Jessica R. , Morris Mark R.
Published: February 2023

We report the first star formation history study of the Milky Ways nuclear star cluster (NSC), which includes observational constraints from a large sample of stellar metallicity measurements. These metallicity measurements were obtained from recent surveys from Gemini and the Very Large Telescope of 770 late-type stars within the central 1.5 pc. These metallicity measurements, along with photometry and spectroscopically derived temperatures, are forward modeled with a Bayesian inference approach. Including metallicity measurements improves the overall fit quality, as the low-temperature red giants that were previously difficult to constrain are now accounted for, and the best fit favors a two-component model. The dominant component contains 93% ± 3% of the mass, is metal-rich (

[
M

/

H
]

¯

∼
0.45

), and has an age of

5

−
2

+
3

Gyr, which is ∼3 Gyr younger than earlier studies with fixed (solar) metallicity; this younger age challenges coevolutionary models in which the NSC and supermassive black holes formed simultaneously at early times. The minor population component has low metallicity (

[
M

/

H
]

¯

∼
−
1.1

) and contains ∼7% of the stellar mass. The age of the minor component is uncertain (0.1–5 Gyr old). Using the estimated parameters, we infer the following NSC stellar remnant population (with ∼18% uncertainty): 1.5 × 105 neutron stars, 2.5 × 105 stellar-mass black holes (BHs), and 2.2 × 104 BH–BH binaries. These predictions result in 2–4 times fewer neutron stars compared to earlier predictions that assume solar metallicity, introducing a possible new path to understand the so-called “missing-pulsar problem”. Finally, we present updated predictions for the BH–BH merger rates (0.01–3 Gpc−3yr−1).
Revisiting the Galactic X-Ray Binary MAXI J1631–479: Implications for High Inclination and a Massive Black Hole
Authors: Rout Sandeep K. , Vadawale Santosh , Garćia Javier , Connors Riley
Published: February 2023

X-ray spectroscopy of Galactic black hole binaries serves as a powerful tool to gain an overall understanding of the system. Not only can the properties of the accretion disk be studied in detail, the fundamental properties of the black hole such as spin and mass can also be measured. In this work we carry out a comprehensive spectral analysis of the X-ray binary MAXI J1631–479 using data from NICER and NuSTAR observatories. We trace the evolution of the accretion disk properties, such as density, ionization, and Fe abundance, as the source transitions from a disk-dominated soft state to a power-law-dominated hard intermediate state. As expected the disc ionization increased with hardness while the density and abundance (at solar values) remained unchanged. We provide strong constraints on the spin of the black hole (a > 0.996) and the inclination of the inner disk (50°–70°). We also use the soft-state NICER observations to constrain the black hole mass using distance estimates from optical observations. We find the probable mass of the black hole to be much higher than its X-ray binary counterparts with a conservative lower limit of 15

M
⊙

at 4.5 kpc.
The Fundamental Signature of Star Formation Quenching from AGN Feedback: A Critical Dependence of Quiescence on Supermassive Black Hole Mass, Not Accretion Rate
Authors: Bluck Asa F. L. , Piotrowska Joanna M. , Maiolino Roberto
Published: February 2023

We identify the intrinsic dependence of star formation quenching on a variety of galactic and environmental parameters, utilizing a machine-learning approach with Random Forest classification. We have previously demonstrated the power of this technique to isolate causality, not mere correlation, in complex astronomical data. First, we analyze three cosmological hydrodynamical simulations (Eagle, Illustris, and IllustrisTNG), selecting snapshots spanning the bulk of cosmic history from comic noon (z ∼ 2) to the present epoch, with stellar masses in the range

9
<
log
(

M

*

/

M

⊙

)
<
12

. In the simulations, black hole mass is unanimously found to be the most predictive parameter of central galaxy quenching at all epochs. Perhaps surprisingly, black hole accretion rate (and hence the bolometric luminosity of active galactic nuclei, AGN) is found to be of little predictive power over quenching. This theoretical result is important for observational studies of galaxy quenching, as it cautions against using the current AGN state of a galaxy as a useful proxy for the cumulative impact of AGN feedback on a galactic system. The latter is traced by black hole mass, not AGN luminosity. Additionally, we explore a subset of “observable” parameters, which can be readily measured in extant wide-field galaxy surveys targeting z = 0–2, at

9
<
log
(

M

*

/

M

⊙

)
<
12

. All three simulations predict that, in lieu of black hole mass, the stellar gravitational potential will outperform the other parameters in predicting quenching. We confirm this theoretical prediction observationally in the SDSS (at low redshifts) and in CANDELS (at intermediate and high redshifts).
Using Machine Learning to Determine Morphologies of z < 1 AGN Host Galaxies in the Hyper Suprime-Cam Wide Survey
Authors: Tian 田 Chuan 川 , Urry C. Megan , Ghosh Aritra , Ofman Ryan , Ananna Tonima Tasnim , Auge Connor , Cappelluti Nico , Powell Meredith C. , Sanders David B. , Schawinski Kevin , Stark Dominic , Tremblay Grant R.
Published: February 2023

We present a machine-learning framework to accurately characterize the morphologies of active galactic nucleus (AGN) host galaxies within z < 1. We first use PSFGAN to decouple host galaxy light from the central point source, then we invoke the Galaxy Morphology Network (GaMorNet) to estimate whether the host galaxy is disk-dominated, bulge-dominated, or indeterminate. Using optical images from five bands of the HSC Wide Survey, we build models independently in three redshift bins: low (0 < z < 0.25), mid (0.25 < z < 0.5), and high (0.5 < z < 1.0). By first training on a large number of simulated galaxies, then fine-tuning using far fewer classified real galaxies, our framework predicts the actual morphology for ∼60%–70% of the host galaxies from test sets, with a classification precision of ∼80%–95%, depending on the redshift bin. Specifically, our models achieve a disk precision of 96%/82%/79% and bulge precision of 90%/90%/80% (for the three redshift bins) at thresholds corresponding to indeterminate fractions of 30%/43%/42%. The classification precision of our models has a noticeable dependency on host galaxy radius and magnitude. No strong dependency is observed on contrast ratio. Comparing classifications of real AGNs, our models agree well with traditional 2D fitting with GALFIT. The PSFGAN+GaMorNet framework does not depend on the choice of fitting functions or galaxy-related input parameters, runs orders of magnitude faster than GALFIT, and is easily generalizable via transfer learning, making it an ideal tool for studying AGN host galaxy morphology in forthcoming large imaging surveys.
Inferring the Energy and Distance Distributions of Fast Radio Bursts Using the First CHIME/FRB Catalog
Authors: Shin Kaitlyn , Masui Kiyoshi W. , Bhardwaj Mohit , Cassanelli Tomas , Chawla Pragya , Dobbs Matt , Dong Fengqiu Adam , Fonseca Emmanuel , Gaensler B. M. , Herrera-Martín Antonio , Kaczmarek Jane , Kaspi Victoria , Leung Calvin , Merryfield Marcus , Michilli Daniele , Münchmeyer Moritz , Pearlman Aaron B. , Rafiei-Ravandi Masoud , Smith Kendrick , Stairs Ingrid , Tendulkar Shriharsh P.
Published: February 2023

Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are brief, energetic, typically extragalactic flashes of radio emission whose progenitors are largely unknown. Although studying the FRB population is essential for understanding how these astrophysical phenomena occur, such studies have been difficult to conduct without large numbers of FRBs and characterizable observational biases. Using the recently released catalog of 536 FRBs published by the Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment/Fast Radio Burst (CHIME/FRB) collaboration, we present a study of the FRB population that also calibrates for selection effects. Assuming a Schechter function, we infer a characteristic energy cut-off of

E

char

=

2.38

−
1.64

+
5.35

×

10

41

erg and a differential power-law index of γ =

−

1.3

−
0.4

+
0.7

. Simultaneously, we infer a volumetric rate of [

7.3

−
3.8

+
8.8

(stat.)

−
1.8

+
2.0

(
sys
.
)
]
×

10

4

Gpc−3 yr−1 above a pivot energy of 1039 erg and below a scattering timescale of 10 ms at 600 MHz, and find we cannot significantly constrain the cosmic evolution of the FRB population with star-formation rate. Modeling the host’s dispersion measure (DM) contribution as a log-normal distribution and assuming a total Galactic contribution of 80 pc cm−3, we find a median value of

DM

host

=

84

−
49

+
69

pc cm−3, comparable with values typically used in the literature. Proposed models for FRB progenitors should be consistent with the energetics and abundances of the full FRB population predicted by our results. Finally, we infer the redshift distribution of FRBs detected with CHIME, which will be tested with the localizations and redshifts enabled by the upcoming CHIME/FRB Outriggers project.
The Bimodal Absorption System Imaging Campaign (BASIC). I. A Dual Population of Low-metallicity Absorbers at z < 1
Authors: Berg Michelle A. , Lehner Nicolas , Howk J. Christopher , O’Meara John M. , Schaye Joop , Straka Lorrie A. , Cooksey Kathy L. , Tripp Todd M. , Prochaska J. Xavier , Oppenheimer Benjamin D. , Johnson Sean D. , Muzahid Sowgat , Bordoloi Rongmon , Werk Jessica K. , Fox Andrew J. , Katz Neal , Wendt Martin , Peeples Molly S. , Ribaudo Joseph , Tumlinson Jason
Published: February 2023

The bimodal absorption system imaging campaign (BASIC) aims to characterize the galaxy environments of a sample of 36 H i-selected partial Lyman limit systems (pLLSs) and Lyman limit systems (LLSs) in 23 QSO fields at z ≲ 1. These pLLSs/LLSs provide a unique sample of absorbers with unbiased and well-constrained metallicities, allowing us to explore the origins of metal-rich and low-metallicity circumgalactic medium (CGM) at z < 1. Here we present Keck/KCWI and Very Large Telescope/MUSE observations of 11 of these QSO fields (19 pLLSs) that we combine with Hubble Space Telescope/Advanced Camera for Surveys imaging to identify and characterize the absorber-associated galaxies at 0.16 ≲ z ≲ 0.84. We find 23 unique absorber-associated galaxies, with an average of one associated galaxy per absorber. For seven absorbers, all with <10% solar metallicities, we find no associated galaxies with

log

M

⋆

≳
9.0

within ρ/R
vir and ∣Δv∣/v
esc ≤ 1.5 with respect to the absorber. We do not find any strong correlations between the metallicities or H i column densities of the gas and most of the galaxy properties, except for the stellar mass of the galaxies: the low-metallicity ([X/H] ≤ −1.4) systems have a probability of

0.39

−
0.15

+
0.16

for having a host galaxy with

log

M

⋆

≥
9.0

within ρ/R
vir ≤ 1.5, while the higher metallicity absorbers have a probability of

0.78

−
0.13

+
0.10

. This implies metal-enriched pLLSs/LLSs at z < 1 are typically associated with the CGM of galaxies with

log

M

⋆

>
9.0

, whereas low-metallicity pLLSs/LLSs are found in more diverse locations, with one population arising in the CGM of galaxies and another more broadly distributed in overdense regions of the universe. Using absorbers not associated with galaxies, we estimate the unweighted geometric mean metallicity of the intergalactic medium to be [X/H] ≲ −2.1 at z < 1, which is lower than previously estimated.
Coronal Loop Heating by Nearly Incompressible Magnetohydrodynamic and Reduced Magnetohydrodynamic Turbulence Models
Authors: Yalim M. S. , Zank G. P. , Asgari-Targhi M.
Published: February 2023

The transport of waves and turbulence beyond the photosphere is central to the coronal heating problem. Turbulence in the quiet solar corona has been modeled on the basis of the nearly incompressible magnetohydrodynamic (NI MHD) theory to describe the transport of low-frequency turbulence in open magnetic field regions. It describes the evolution of the coupled majority quasi-2D and minority slab component, driven by the magnetic carpet and advected by a subsonic, sub-Alfvénic flow from the lower corona. In this paper, we couple the NI MHD turbulence transport model with an MHD model of the solar corona to study the heating problem in a coronal loop. In a realistic benchmark coronal loop problem, we find that a loop can be heated to ∼1.5 million K by transport and dissipation of MHD turbulence described by the NI MHD model. We also find that the majority 2D component is as important as the minority slab component in the heating of the coronal loop. We compare our coupled MHD/NI MHD model results with a reduced MHD (RMHD) model. An important distinction between these models is that RMHD solves for small-scale velocity and magnetic field fluctuations and obtains the actual viscous/resistive dissipation associated with their evolution whereas NI MHD evolves scalar moments of the fluctuating velocity and magnetic fields and approximates dissipation using an MHD turbulence phenomenology. Despite the basic differences between the models, their simulation results match remarkably well, yielding almost identical heating rates inside the corona.
Coronal Abundances in an Active Region: Evolution and Underlying Chromospheric and Transition Region Properties
Authors: Testa Paola , Martínez-Sykora Juan , De Pontieu Bart
Published: February 2023

The element abundances in the solar corona and solar wind are often different from those of the solar photosphere, typically with a relative enrichment of elements with low first ionization potential (FIP effect). Here, we study the spatial distribution and temporal evolution of the coronal chemical composition in an active region (AR) over about 10 days, using Hinode/EIS spectra, and we also analyze coordinated IRIS observations of the chromospheric and transition region emission to investigate any evidence of the footprints of the FIP effect in the lower atmosphere. To derive the coronal abundances, we use a spectral inversion method recently developed for the MUSE investigation. We find that, in the studied active region (AR 12738), the coronal FIP bias, as diagnosed by the Si/S abundance ratio, presents significant spatial variations, with its highest values (∼2.5–3.5) in the outflow regions at the boundary of the AR, but typically modest temporal variability. Some moss regions and some regions around the AR sunspot show enhanced FIP bias (∼2–2.5) with respect to the AR core, which has only a small FIP bias of ∼1.5. The FIP bias appears most variable in these moss regions. The IRIS observations reveal that the chromospheric turbulence, as derived from IRIS2 inversions of the Mg ii spectra, is enhanced in the outflow regions characterized by the high FIP bias, providing significant new constraints to both models aimed at explaining the formation of AR outflows and models of chemical fractionation.
Discovery of Hydrogen Radio Recombination Lines at z = 0.89 toward PKS 1830-211
Authors: Emig Kimberly L. , Gupta Neeraj , Salas Pedro , Muller Sébastien , Balashev Sergei A. , Combes Françoise , Momjian Emmanuel , Song Yiqing , Jagannathan Preshanth , Deka Partha P. , Józsa Gyula I. G. , Klöckner Hans-Rainer , Mohapatra Abhisek , Noterdaeme Pasquier , Petitjean Patrick , Srianand Raghunathan , Wagenveld Jonah D.
Published: February 2023

We report the detection of stimulated hydrogen radio recombination line (RRL) emission from ionized gas in a z = 0.89 galaxy using 580–1670 MHz observations from the MeerKAT Absorption Line Survey. The RRL emission originates in a galaxy that intercepts and strongly lenses the radio blazar PKS 1830−211 (z = 2.5). This is the second detection of RRLs outside of the local Universe and the first clearly associated with hydrogen. We detect effective H144α (and H163α) transitions at observed frequencies of 1156 (798) MHz by stacking 17 (27) RRLs with 21σ (14σ) significance. The RRL emission contains two main velocity components and is coincident in velocity with H i 21 cm and OH 18 cm absorption. We use the RRL spectral line energy distribution and a Bayesian analysis to constrain the density (n

e
) and the volume-averaged path length (ℓ) of the ionized gas. We determine

log
(

n

e

)
=

2.0

−
0.7

+
1.0

cm−3 and

log
(
ℓ
)
=
−

0.7

−
1.1

+
1.1

pc toward the northeast (NE) lensed image, likely tracing the diffuse thermal phase of the ionized ISM in a thin disk. Toward the southwest (SW) lensed image, we determine

log
(

n

e

)
=

3.2

−
1.0

+
0.4

cm−3 and

log
(
ℓ
)
=
−

2.7

−
0.2

+
1.8

pc, tracing gas that is more reminiscent of H scii regions. We estimate a star formation (surface density) rate of ΣSFR ∼ 0.6 M
⊙ yr−1 kpc−2 or SFR ∼ 50 M
⊙ yr−1, consistent with a star-forming main-sequence galaxy of M
⋆ ∼ 1011
M
⊙. The discovery presented here opens up the possibility of studying ionized gas at high redshifts using RRL observations from current and future (e.g., SKA and ngVLA) radio facilities.
Dark Comets? Unexpectedly Large Nongravitational Accelerations on a Sample of Small Asteroids
Authors: Seligman Darryl Z. , Farnocchia Davide , Micheli Marco , Vokrouhlický David , Taylor Aster G. , Chesley Steven R. , Bergner Jennifer B. , Vereš Peter , Hainaut Olivier R. , Meech Karen J. , Devogele Maxime , Pravec Petr , Matson Rob , Deen Sam , Tholen David J. , Weryk Robert , Rivera-Valentín Edgard G. , Sharkey Benjamin N. L.
Published: February 2023

We report statistically significant detections of nonradial, nongravitational accelerations based on astrometric data in the photometrically inactive objects 1998 KY26, 2005 VL1, 2016 NJ33, 2010 VL65, 2016 RH120, and 2010 RF12. The magnitudes of the nongravitational accelerations are greater than those typically induced by the Yarkovsky effect, and there is no radiation-based, nonradial effect that can be so large. Therefore, we hypothesize that the accelerations are driven by outgassing and calculate implied H2O production rates for each object. We attempt to reconcile outgassing-induced acceleration with the lack of visible comae or photometric activity via the absence of surface dust and low levels of gas production. Although these objects are small, and some are rapidly rotating, the surface cohesive forces are stronger than the rotational forces, and rapid rotation alone cannot explain the lack of surface debris. It is possible that surface dust was removed previously, perhaps via outgassing activity that increased the rotation rates to their present-day value. We calculate dust production rates of order ∼10−4 g s−1 in each object, assuming that the nuclei are bare, within the upper limits of dust production from a sample stacked image of 1998 KY26 of

M

̇

Dust

<
0.2

g s−1. This production corresponds to brightness variations of order ∼0.0025%, which are undetectable in extant photometric data. We assess the future observability of each of these targets and find that the orbit of 1998 KY26—which is also the target of the extended Hayabusa2 mission—exhibits favorable viewing geometry before 2025.
Non-Hodgkin B-cell Lymphoma Presenting as a Pituitary Mass
Authors: Seferi Arsen , Ikonomi Majlinda , Lilamani Ejona , Vyshka Gentian
Published: February 2023

INTRODUCTION: The authors describe the case of a pituitary mass considered from the radiological point of view as a non-secretory adenoma.
CASE REPORT: The patient, a 31-year-old male, presented with an intense headache, non-responsive to antalgics, right eye Mydriasis, and semiptosis. An endoscopic transnasal surgery caused important but temporary relief to the patient, who some days later complained of tumefactions in both axillar regions. Pathological diagnosis was of a non-Hodgkin B-cell lymphoma.
CONCLUSIONS: Although pituitary involvement is rare in the case of systemic lymphomas, and even rarer among primary central nervous system malignancies, this possibility must become part of differential diagnosis when approaching pituitary masses.
Factors Associated with Mortality in Children with Congenital Heart Disease and Cerebral Abscess
Authors: Rahayuningsih Sri Endah , Kuswiyanto Rahmat Budi , Apandi Putria , Adrizain Riyadi , Lesmanawati Dyah Ayu , Murni Indah Kartika , Nopita Ineu
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND: In children, a cerebral abscess is a rare yet life-threatening condition. Children account for about 25% of all cerebral abscess cases in the general population. One of the most common predisposing factors for developing a cerebral abscess with increased mortality risk is congenital heart disease (CHD).
AIM: This study aims to determine the prevalence of death and factors associated with death in children with CHD and cerebral abscesses.
METHODS: This study is a cross-sectional design which collects retrospective data. Secondary data of CHD patients with cerebral abscesses were retrieved from patients’ medical records.
RESULTS: From January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2021, a total of 107 children with a history of CHD were diagnosed with cerebral abscesses during this study. Thus, mortality rates in cases with cerebral abscess were 38.3% in children with a history of CHD. Patients with a focal infection in the ear, nose, and throat (ENT) area have a 3.6 times higher risk of dying than those with a focal infection elsewhere (odds ratio [OR] = 3.6 [95% confidence interval [CI], 1.57–8.32, p = 0.004). Patients who did not have neurosurgery had a 2.5- fold increased risk of death than those who did (OR = 2.5, 95% CI, 1.11–5.96, p < 0.05). Nutritional status, anemia status, and culture results, which were anticipated to be linked with death in CHD children with cerebral abscess, were not statistically significant.
CONCLUSION: We conclude that this study provides an overview of the prevalence of mortality and variables related to death in incidents of cerebral abscess in children with CHD in Indonesia.
Thirteen species of jumping spiders from northern Vietnam (Araneae, Salticidae)
Authors: Wang Cheng , Li Shuqiang , Pham Dinh-Sac
Published: February 2023

A new genus and thirteen species of jumping spiders from northern Vietnam are reported. Zabkagen. nov. is erected to accommodate two species transferred from Euophrys Blackwall,1841, including the generotype, Z. cooki (Żabka, 1985), comb. nov., and Z. xuyei (Lin & Li, 2020), comb. nov. Twelve new species are described: Chinattus crewsaesp. nov. (♂♀), C. logunovisp. nov. (♂♀), Eupoa maidinhyenisp. nov. (♂♀), E. maddisonisp. nov. (♂♀), E. ninhbinhsp. nov. (♂), E. zabkaisp. nov. (♂♀), Indopadilla cucsp. nov. (♂♀), Synagelides anisp. nov. (♂♀), S. miisp. nov. (♂♀), S. pengisp. nov. (♀), S. sanchasp. nov. (♂♀), and Yaginumaella hagiangsp. nov. (♂). The unknown male of Zabka cooki is described for the first time. Diagnostic photos of the habitus and copulatory organs are provided.
Study of the antibacterial effects of the starch-based zinc oxide nanoparticles on methicillin resistance Staphylococcus aureus isolates from different clinical specimens of patients from Basrah, Iraq
Authors: Al-Mosawi Reham M. , Jasim Hanadi Abdulqadar , Haddad Athir
Published: February 2023

This study aimed to assess the efficacy of starch-based zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates from clinical specimens in Basrah, Iraq. In this cross-sectional study, 61 MRSA were collected from different clinical specimens of patients in Basrah city, Iraq. MRSA isolates were identified using standard microbiology tests, cefoxitin disc diffusion and oxacillin salt agar. ZnO-NPs were synthesized in three different concentrations (0.1 M, 0.05 M, 0.02 M) by the chemical method using starch as the stabilizer. Starch-based ZnO-NPs were characterized using ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The antibacterial effects of particles were investigated by the disc diffusion method. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the most effective starch-based ZnO-NPs were determined using a broth microdilution assay. The UV-Vis of all concentrations of starch-based ZnO-NPs exhibited a strong absorption band at 360 nm which was characteristic of the ZnO-NPs. XRD assay confirmed the representative hexagonal wurtzite phase of the starch-based ZnO-NPs, and their purity and high crystallinity. The spherical shape with a diameter of 21.56 ± 3.42 and 22.87 ± 3.91 was revealed for the particles by FE-SEM and TEM, respectively. EDS analysis confirmed the presence of zinc (Zn) (61.4 ± 0.54%) and oxygen (O) (36 ± 0.14%). The 0.1 M concentration had the highest antibacterial effects (mean ± SD of inhibition zone = 17.62 ± 2.65 mm) followed by the 0.05 M concentration (16.03 ± 2.24 mm) and the 0.02 M concentration (12.7 ± 2.57 mm). The MIC and the MBC of the 0.1 M concentration were in the range of 25–50 µg/mL and 50–100 µg/mL, respectively. Infections caused by MRSA can be treated with biopolymer-based ZnO-NPs as effective antimicrobials.
Global stability analysis of a COVID-19 epidemic model with incubation delay
Authors: Lolika Paride O. , Helikumi Mlyashimbi
Published: February 2023

In this paper, we propose, analyze and simulate a time delay differential equation to investigate the transmission and spread of Coronavirus disease (COVID-19). The basic reproduction number of the model is determined and qualitatively used to investigate the global stability of the model's steady states. We use numerical simulations to support the analytical results in the study. From the simulation results, we note that whenever the basic reproduction number is greater than unity, the model solutions will be associated with periodic oscillations for a considerable time scale from the start before attaining stability. This suggests that the inclusion of the time delay factor destabilizes the endemic equilibrium point leading to periodic solutions that arise due to Hopf bifurcations for a certain time frame.
Micro-karstification in a stalagmite, Küpeli Cave, southern Turkey
Authors: Eren Muhsin , Palvanov Muhammetmyrat , Kadir Selahattin , Kapur Selim
Published: February 2023

This article deals with micro-karstification forming abundant dissolution features in a stalagmite from Küpeli Cave in southern Turkey. Dissolution occurs when cave water enriched with CO2 from the atmosphere and soil seeps into the stalagmite. Water is transmitted from the surface of the stalagmite to the interior by the roughly vertical or diagonal notch-shaped pores formed by the enlargement of intercrystalline pores by dissolution. These slightly elongated pores appear embedded in different parts of the stalagmite and characterize different stages of dissolution during the stalagmite formation. Later, when this water reaches the relatively more permeable growth layer surfaces, it flows along these surfaces, and diffuse dissolution features form. These features include micro-scale pitted and etched surface structures, rounded and enlarged crystal boundaries and intercrystalline pores, and the breakdown of relatively large crystals into small crystals (micritization). When the percolating water is sufficiently saturated with calcium carbonate in the stalagmite, secondary calcite precipitation occurs as rim and pore-filling cements within the pores formed as a result of dissolution. In general, dissolution and calcite re-precipitation as cement are early diagenetic events and occur at different stages of stalagmite development due to seasonal variation in CO2 and CaCO3 contents of the water in the epikarst zone and within the stalagmite. These conditions were probably provided during the wet season.
Practical Consideration in using Pre-trained Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) for Finger Vein Biometric
Authors: Safie Sairul Izwan , Megat Khalid Puteri Zarina
Published: February 2023

Using a pre-trained Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) model for a practical biometric authentication system requires specific procedures for training and performance evaluation. There are two criteria for a practical biometric system studied in this paper. First, the system’s ability to handle identity theft or impersonation attacks. Second, the ability of the system to generate high authentication performance with minimal enrollment period. We propose the use of the Multiple Clip Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization (MC-CLAHE) technique to process finger images before being trained by CNN. A pre-trained CNN model called AlexNet is used to extract features as well as classify the MC-CLAHE images. The authentication performance of the pre-trained AlexNet model has increased by a maximum of 30% when using this technique. To ensure that the pre-trained AlexNet model is evaluated based on its ability to prevent impersonation attacks, a procedure to generate the Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) curve is proposed. An offline procedure for training the pre-trained AlexNet model is also proposed in this paper. The purpose is to minimize the user enrollment period without compromising the authentication performance. In this paper, this procedure successfully reduces the enrollment time by up to 95% compared to using on-line training.
Virtual Reality Adventures as an Effort to Improve the Quality of Welding Technology Learning During a Pandemic
Authors: Prasetya Febri , Fajri Bayu Ramadhani , Wulansari Rizky Ema , Primawati  , Fortuna Aprilla
Published: February 2023

Indonesia is one of the countries affected by changes in the education system and learning activities. Learning media aims at attracting students' interest in improving their cognitive and understanding of learning. The selection of media should be based on the following criteria: effective, useful, flexible, affordably accessible, and most importantly in line with learning objectives. Therefore, Virtual Reality-based learning media is the right technology for building online learning conditions to appear more real and real-time. This study aims to develop a VR-based learning media for welding technology courses. This study employed a Research and Development (R&D)  method with a 4D development model consisting of define, design, develop, and disseminate. Stages are carried out in stages with analytical and experimental formulations. The results showed that the total average indicators of the VR learning media material validation witch was 0.87 (valid) and the design validation assessment was 0.88 (valid). It can be concluded that the validation results of the learning media developed are declared valid and have been well tested, and are effective to be applied to welding technology learning.