bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Paiján People: Burials and Paleoindian human remains from coastal Peru
Authors: Lacombe Jean-Paul , Chauchat Claude
Published: January 2024

From 1972 to 1997, archaeological research was undertaken on open air early sites on the north coast of Peru (Cupisnique region: about 7°30 south latitude). These sites contained lithic tools and faunal remains belonging to the Paiján tradition, dating from around 13000 to around 8000 cal BP. In this desert space between the Pacific Ocean and the Andes, superficial sites contained knapped lithics (projectile points and ordinary tools on flakes) and microfaunal remains such as land snails, fish and lizards. After discovering human remains eroding out of the surface, a French-Peruvian team including archaeologist Claude Chauchat and bio-anthropologist Jean-Paul Lacombe excavated a total of 19 burials associated with this Paiján tradition. This book presents a detailed description of these remains, yielding information about these foragers’ physical constitution as well as their lifestyle. These remains are also compared with several other populations from coastal Peru, remains from the highland caves, and other findings from South and north America dating from the Pleistocene - Holocene transition.
Konstantin Gedroiz (1872–1932)—the Initial Studies of Soil Colloid Chemistry and Soil Salinity
Authors: Rusakova E. A. , Sukhacheva E. Y. , Ivanov A. L. , Hartemink A. E.
Published: January 2024

We present a review of the life and scientific legacy of the founder of soil colloid chemistry Konstantin Gedroiz. The phenomenon of absorption was first studied in the mid-1800s, and Gedroiz started working on base exchange and absorption in soils in 1906. Based on the general pattern of cation exchange reactions, he proposed the concept of “absorption capacity” and “soil absorption complex”, developed ideas about exchange acidity and the rate of exchange reactions, revealed the unique role of absorbed sodium and potassium in soil processes, and proposed the theory of the accumulation of sodium due to exchange reactions. He was one of the first to classify soil on the basis of the absorbing complexes and cations, which was a new approach in pedology. He used the climate classification of soils, and described Podzols, Laterites, and Chernozems in terms of their absorbing complexes and cations. The system of classification worked for mature soils in which pedogenic processes had proceeded to such an extent that the profile characteristics reflected a climatic region, but was less effective in alluvial soils and eroded soils. His studies established the connections between chemical and physical processes and the morphology of soils. He studied the evolution of saline soils from a chemical point of view, which led to the practical recommendations for chemical reclamation of Solonetz and liming of acidic soils. Gedroiz’s work was groundbreaking but insufficiently known outside Russia until his books have been translated into English and German in the late 1920s. The soil microbiologist Selman Waksman in the 1925 translated 11 of his papers into English, and the United State Department of Agriculture distributed copies of these translations. In 1927 a textbook on chemical analysis, “Die chemische Bodenanalyse”, was published; in 1930 the books “Der adsorbierende Bodenkomplex und die adsorbierten Bodenkationen als Grundlage der genetischen Bodenklassification” and “On the Problem of exchangeable Hydrogen and exchangeable Aluminium in acid soils”, a 1931 – “Die Lehre vom Adsorptionsvermögen der Böden”.
Сортова реакція нуту звичайного на кількісне та просторове розміщення рослин на площі в умовах Лісостепу Правобережного
Authors: Petrychenko V. , Kobak S. , Chorna V.
Published: January 2024

Мета. Вивчити вплив норми висіву та способу сівби на формування урожайності зерна сортів нуту звичайного; виявити сортову реакцію нуту звичайного та обґрунтувати необхідність диференційованого підходу щодо кількісного та просторового розміщення рослин на площі для підвищення врожайності зерна нуту звичайного. Методи. Системний аналіз, метод поділяночного збирання, дисперсійний, кореляційний і регресійний методи. Результати. Встановлено істотний вплив способу сівби та норми висіву на формування врожайності зерна нуту звичайного сортів вітчизняної та іноземної селекції Тріумф, Пам'ять та Іордан. Виявлено сортову реакцію культури на ці антропогенні чинники. Відмічено переваги рядкового способу сівби з міжряддями 15 см над широкорядним способом сівби з міжряддями 45 см від 11,1 до 41,2 %, що залежало від реакції сортів. Щодо норм висіву, то у сорту Тріумф ефективними були від 400 до 500 тис. схожих насінин /га, тоді як у сортів Пам'ять та Іордан – від 300 до 500 тис. схожих насінин /га за обох способів сівби. Збільшення або зменшення норми висіву призводило до зменшення рівня урожайності зерна сортів нуту звичайного. В умовах Лісостепу правобережного в середньому у досліді найбільшу урожайність зерна забезпечив сорт Тріумф (1,90 т/га). Сорти Пам'ять та Іордан забезпечили дещо меншу урожайність зерна, відповідно 1,78 та 1,84 т/га. Висновки. У середньому за роки досліджень відмічено, що максимальна урожайність зерна нуту звичайного сорту Тріумф (2,23 т/га) сформувалась за сівби рядковим способом з міжряддями 15 см та норми висіву 400 тис. схожих насінин/га; сорту Пам'ять (2,20 т/га) – за сівби рядковим способом з міжряддями 15 см та норми висіву 500 тис. схожих насінин/га; сорту Іордан (2,27 т/га) – за сівби рядковим способом з міжряддями 15 см та норми висіву 500 тис. схожих насінин/га.
Іноваційні технології застосування біологічних препаратів як засіб підвищення насіннєвої продуктивності лукопасовищних трав
Authors: Zapruta O. , Antoniv S. , Kolisnyk S. , Konovalchuk V.
Published: January 2024

Мета. Забезпечення достатнього виробництва високоякісного насіння лукопасовищних бобових трав на основі екологобезпечних технологій застосування нетрадиційних заходів оптимізації продукційного процесу шляхом використання біологічних препаратів, які передбачають інтродукцію в агроценози активних штамів азотофіксувальних бактерій у поєднанні із позакореневими підживленнями біостимуляторами та застосуваннявнесення мінеральних добрив, що не перевищують фізіологічних потреб рослин. Методи. Польовий, лабораторний, візуальний, вимірювальний, ваговий, кількісний, метод пробного снопа, математичний, статистичний. Результати. Розроблено агробіологічні основи формування плодоелементів лукопасовищних бобових трав з високими посівними та врожайними властивостями, що передбачають на фоні основного удобрення проведення інокуляції насіння бактеріальними препаратами і позакореневих підживлень біостимуляторами. В умовах 2019-2020 років це забезпечило максимальну урожайність насіння лядвенцю рогатого та конюшини гібридної 461 і 465 кг/га, що відповідно на 126 і 119 кг/га більше порівняно з контролем без обробляння насіння та позакореневих підживлень. Схожість насіння та сила росту були високими (96- 100 та 41-50%), що на 4 і 9% більше порівняно з контролем. Висновки. При вирощуванні насіння лукопасовищних бобових трав з високими посівними та врожайними властивостями найбільш ефективним є проведення передпосівного обробляння насіння бактеріальними препаратами у поєднанні з позакореневими підживленнями біостимуляторами у фази стеблування і бутонізації на фоні основного мінерального живлення N30P60K60 та швидкодіючого вапнякового добрива Са(ОН)2, що сприяло зростанню урожайності насіння лядвенцю рогатого і конюшини гібридної на 37 і 34% порівняно з контролем без обробляння насіння та проведення позакореневих підживлень
Симбіотична продуктивність та урожайність квасолі звичайної залежно від технологічних прийомів вирощування
Authors: Sinchenko V. , Furman P.
Published: January 2024

Мета. Визначити вплив способу сівби та кількісного розміщення рослин на площі на продуктивність симбіотичного апарату рослин різних сортів квасолі звичайної та її врожайність. Методи. Гіпотеза, експеримент, спостереження та аналіз даних, польові дослідження, вимірювальноваговий та математико-статистичні методи. Результати. Максимальні кількість та маса активних бульбочок на рослинах квасолі звичайної формувалась у фазу наливу насіння та становила, відповідно, 6,9-21,6 шт./рослину та 0,12-0,38 г/рослину. Як за широкорядного способу сівби (ширина 45 см), так і за звичайного рядкового способу сівби (ширина міжрядь 15 см) зростання густоти рослин призводило до зменшення маси активних бульбочок – від 0,16-0,38 г/рослину за густоти 400 тис./га до 0,09-0,21 г/рослину за густоти рослин 700 тис./га. За весь період бобово-ризобіального симбіозу величина загального симбіотичного потенціалу коливалась за варіантами досліду в межах 6,46-16,94 тис. кг˙діб/га, величина активного симбіотичного потенціалу – від 3,95 до 14,59 тис. кг˙діб/га. Вищі значення обох показників були за сівби рослин широкорядним способом (ширина міжрядь 45 см) – 10,98-16,94 та 7,72-14,59 тис. кг˙діб/га, відповідно. Зі збільшенням загущення рослин на площі загальний та активний симбіотичний потенціал знижувався, досягаючи мінімуму за густоти рослин 700 тис./га – 6,46-8,3 та 3,95-7,45 тис. кг˙діб/га. Висновки. Вищий симбіотичний потенціал відмічено за широкорядної сівби (ширина міжрядь 45 см). Найбільш потужний симбіотичний апарат відмічено на рослинах квасолі звичайної сорту Білосніжка за сівби широкорядним способом – 16,3- 21,6 шт./рослині активних бульбочок, маса яких становила 0,29-0,38 г/рослині. Посіви даного сорту забезпечили і найвищу в досліді врожайність – 3,24 т/га за густоти рослин 600 тис./га та сівби з шириною міжрядь 45 см.
Дія системи основного обробітку ґрунту на агрофізичні показники та урожайність сої
Authors: Rasevich V. , Tetereshchenko N.
Published: January 2024

Мета. Встановити вплив системи основного обробітку ґрунту та фону живлення на агрофізичні показники чорнозему опідзоленого та урожайність сої за умов Лісостепу Центрального. Методи. Польовий, лабораторний, розрахунково-порівняльний, математично-статистичний. Результати. Визначено оптимальні технологічні прийоми, які забезпечують сприятливі агрофізичні показники ґрунту й найбільші прирости зернової продуктивності сої сорту Муза. Встановлено, що за традиційного обробітку (семирічної оранки на глибину 20-22 см) й системи No-till на фоні оранки складалися сприятливіші умови фізичного стану чорнозему опідзоленого з оптимальними значеннями щільності ґрунту 0,97-1,14 г/см3 , загальної шпаруватості – 56,46-62,94%, шпаруватості аерації – 34,14- 47,86%. За прямої сівби під впливом пожнивних решток попередника, упродовж вегетаційного періоду сої, накопичувалася більша кількість продуктивної вологи (в середньому на 2-8 мм, або 3,8-13,3%) відносно оранки та спостерігалось зниження температурного стану ґрунту (в середньому за світловий день показник в 0-10 см шарі ґрунту був нижчим на 1,7оС). Результати запровадження системи No-till у перші роки досліджень засвідчили істотну перевагу оранки з урожайністю 2,22-3,10 т/га і поверхневого обробітку – 2,16-3,04 т/га незалежно від фону живлення. Висновки. Найсприятливіші фізичні умови чорнозему опідзоленого та формування максимального рівня врожаю – 3,10 т/га з приростом додаткового врожаю 0,88 т/га (39,6%) складалися за традиційного обробітку (оранка упродовж 7 років) за фонового внесення N45P45K45 у комплексі з позакореневим підживленням макроі мікроелементами у фази листоутворення (ВВСН 13-14) та початку цвітіння (ВВСН 61) з нормою витрати 2 л/га.
Продуктивність сої за різних способів обробітку ґрунту та системи удобрення з елементами біологізації
Authors: Kunychak H. , Dutchak O. , Matviets N.
Published: January 2024

Мета. Визначити найбільш ефективні заходи обробітку ґрунту та розробити оптимальну систему удобрення з використанням побічної продукції попередника, мінеральних добрив та органічного добрива-біостимулятора в технології вирощування сої. Методи. Польовий, лабораторний, розрахунково-порівняльний, математично-статистичний. Результати. Встановлено позитивний вплив в системі обробітку ґрунту весняного чизелювання на фоні зяблевої оранки на умови росту і розвитку рослин та формування елементів продуктивності сої. Підвищенню урожайності сої сприяє залучення до системи удобрення елементів біологізації − побічної продукції попередника та органічного добрива, що покращувало умови росту рослин та підвищувало їхню конкурентоздатність по відношенню до бур'янів. Встановлено, що в технології вирощування сої поєднання зяблевої оранки на глибину 20-22 см з весняним чизелюванням на глибину 14-16 см за використання соломи попередника, внесення ресурсощадних норм мінеральних добрив N30P30K30 та дворазового позакореневого підживлення рослин органічним добривом-біостимулятором Вермийодіс сприяло зниженню забур'яненості посівів на 46,3%, підвищенню урожайності сої на 0,78 т/га, або на 55,7%. За таких заходів рослини краще розвивались, були вищими, збільшувалась маса 1000 насінин на 20 г, натура зерна сої склала 742 г/л, що на 20 г/л більше, ніж на контролі. Висновки. Раціональне поєднання в технології вирощування сої заходів обробітку ґрунту, ресурсоощадних норм мінеральних добрив з застосуванням органічного добрива-біостимулятора покращувало ріст і розвиток рослин, знижувало забур'яненість посівів, підвищувало урожайність сої, сприяло збільшенню висоти рослин, маси 1000 насінин та натури зерна.
Early Estrogen Replacement Therapy Attenuates Cardiac Dysfunction Caused by Aging and Ovariectomy in Female Wistar Rats
Authors: Ramírez-Hernández Diana , López-Sanchez Pedro , Lezama-Martínez Diego , Pérez-García Erik , Montoya-Hernández M. Fernanda Skat , Aranda-Fraustro Alberto , Flores-Monroy Jazmin
Published: January 2024

Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of women’s mortality, linked to aging and reduced estrogen during menopause. Estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) is suggested for CVDs prevention. Yet, its timing initiation remains contentious. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the effect of early and late estrogen therapy on cardiac function and lipid metabolism in ovariectomized old female Wistar rats. Methods: Fifty randomized female Wistar rats were included in 5 groups (n = 10, 18 months old): (1) Sham, (2) 10 weeks post ovariectomy (Ovx-10 w), (3) 10 weeks post Ovx + early estrogen replacement therapy (Ovx 10 w-early ERT), (4) 20 weeks post Ovx (Ovx-20 w) and (5) Ovx 20 w-late ERT. Three days (early ERT) or 10 weeks (late ERT) after surgery 17-β estradiol was given (5 µg/kg/day), and 10 weeks after the start of ERT, we assessed cardiac function by echocardiography, electrocardiography, and cardiac catheterization. Estradiol, cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels were determined. Cardiac histology was performed with Masson’s staining. Results: Ovariectomy (Ovx) increases left ventricle internal systolic diameter (0.4 vs 0.3 cm, *p = 0.020) and decreases shortening fraction (40 vs 54 %, *p = 0.030) regardless of therapy. ERT prevents the increase in left ventricle mass after 10 weeks post-Ovx and the ejection fractionreduction after 20 weeks. Lower P wave amplitudes (18.8 vs 24.2 ms, *p = 0.013) were found in the Ovx-20 w group. A longer duration of the QRS complex after 20 weeks post-Ovx with and without ERT was found (32.5 and 32.1 vs 28.3 ms, *p = 0.003; *p = 0.007). Diastolic blood pressure was higher 20 weeks post-Ovx (86 vs 76 mmHg, *p = 0.047), regardless of ERT. The left ventricle (LV) –dP/dt was decreased in Ovx groups without ERT (–750 vs –1320 mmHg, *p = 0.034). An increase in LV collagen deposition was found in the Ovx 10 w group vs Sham (9.58 vs 4.54 %, *p = 0.028). Early ERT avoids the increase in body weight, cholesterol and LDL caused by Ovx. Conclusions: Ovariectomy causes time-dependent alterations in lipid metabolism, morphology, electrical activity, and heart contractile function. Early but not late ERT prevents some of these effects.
Implementasi ISAK 35 pada Organisasi Nirlaba
Authors: Hartoko Muhammad Setiadi
Published: January 2024

Akuntansi berperan pada segi pengelolaan keuangan suatu entitas semakin disadari oleh banyak pihak, baik entitas yang berorientasi laba ataupun non laba. Organisasi nirlaba sejak tahun 1997 diatur dengan Pernyataan Standar Akuntansi Keuangan (PSAK) 45. Namun mulai tahun 2019 PSAK 45 diganti dengan Interpretasi Standar Akuntansi Keuangan (ISAK) 35. Masjid Kampus dan Yayasan sebagai bagian dari Organisasi Nirlaba. Metode Penelitian dengan dokumen observasi, literatur dan wawancara. Kebutuhan sosialisasi dan pelatihan menjadi mendesak karena banyaknya ketidakpahaman perubahan dari PSAK 45 ke ISAK 35 sehingga akan membuat laporan menjadi lebih baik dan siap untuk di tampilkan. Objek Penelitian di Organisasi Nirlaba ada di beberapa tempat seperti yayasan DT Bandung, Happy Hearts Indonesia LSM dan beberapa sekolah dan masjid berbentuk yayasan. Hasil Penelitian yang dilakukan bahwa baru dilaksanakan sejauh 30 % dari data yang tersedia, sehingga masih jauh untuk melaksanakan ISAK 35.
Journal on Artificial intelligence .pdf
Authors: Asemota Kingsley , Ifekanandu Chukwudi
Published: January 2024

 This study examined artificial intelligence adoption and marketing performance of quoted manufacturing firms in Nigeria. The study adopted the positivism research philosophy and correlational research design. The population of the study consisted of 426 managers drawn from the 71 quoted manufacturing firms in Nigeria. The managers include branch managers, operational managers, production managers, marketing managers and sales managers of the firms. A sample size of 206 managers was used for the study. The sample size was determined mathematically using the Taro Yamene’s formula. A structured questionnaire was used to obtain data from the respondents. The data collected were analyzed statistically while the hypotheses were tested using Spearman Rank Order Correlation Coefficient (rho). The SPSS version 23.0 was used to perform the bivariate analysis. The findings revealed that the application of artificial intelligence technologies in marketing operations has a significant relationship with sales growth of quoted manufacturing firms in Nigeria. The study also revealed that the application of artificial intelligence technologies in marketing operations has a strong and significant relationship with market share growth of quoted manufacturing firms in Nigeria. The study equally confirmed that artificial intelligence capabilities have a strong and significant relationship with sales growth of quoted manufacturing firms in Nigeria. The study also reported that artificial intelligence capabilities has a strong and significant relationship with market share growth of quoted manufacturing firms in Nigeria. Based on these findings, it was concluded that artificial intelligence adoption significantly relate to marketing performance of quoted manufacturing firms in Nigeria. Based on these findings and conclusion, it was recommended that quoted manufacturing firms in Nigeria especially those that are experiencing poor marketing performance should adopt artificial intelligence technologies in their marketing operations as it would improve their marketing performance. 
Research Paper-Eldho Babu Maria Joseph Viviliaa Francis (1).docx
Authors: Babu Eldho , Joseph N Maria , F Viviliaa
Published: January 2024

  

The exponential progression of guerrilla marketing from its stature as a mere low-cost method used by small and unestablished enterprises to acceptance by major and established players, as well as the blending of street-based approaches and digital technologies, make the concept arduous to delineate (Dahlén et al., 2009). The idea of guerrilla marketing is incredibly pertinent in a world where advertisers compete for customers’ attention by being more strategic and ingenious with their marketing operations (Koeck & Warnaby, 2014). It is a novel, unconventional, and captivating method of marketing intended to pique interest and spread word of mouth (Dinh & Mai, 2015). The core of guerrilla marketing, in contrast to normal marketing efforts, is more about communicating a distinctive image or identity concerning a firm than it is about outlining the characteristics and benefits of the product (Lee et al., 2018). Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to explore how guerrilla marketing influences customer preferences. This article seeks to evaluate the efficacy of guerrilla marketing strategies in raising brand recognition, boosting brand loyalty, and eventually influencing customer purchasing behaviour. The outcomes of the study will offer focused insights to marketers and companies seeking to leverage guerrilla marketing effectively in their advertising endeavours.
Analysis on the Hesitation and its Application to Decision Making
Authors:   School of Advanced Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou Jiangsu, China, Yang Youpeng , Lee Sanghyuk ,   School of computing, New Uzbekistan University, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Kim Kyeong Soo ,   School of Advanced Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou Jiangsu, China, Zhang Haolan ,   SCDM Centre, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, China, Huang Xiaowei ,   Department of Computer Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom, Pedrycz Witold ,   Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
Published: January 2024

A novel score function based on the Poincaré metric is proposed and applied to a decision-making problem. Decision-making on Fuzzy Sets (FSs) has been considered due to the flexibility of the data, and it is applied to the decision-making. However, decisions with FSs are sometimes nondecisive even for different membership degrees. Hence, Intuitionistic Fuzzy Sets (IFSs) data is applied to design a score function for the decision-making with the Poincaré metric. This function is supported by the profound information of IFSs; IFSs include hesitation degree together with membership and non-membership degree. Hence, IFS membership and non-membership degree are expressed as two-dimensional vectors satisfying the Poincaré metric for simplification. At the same time, the proposed approach addresses the hesitation information in the IFS data. Next, a score function is proposed, constructed and provided. The proposed score function has a strict monotonic property and addresses the preference without resorting to the accuracy function. The strict monotonic property guarantees the preference of all attributes. Additionally, the existing problem of score function design in IFSs is addressed: they return zero scores even with different meanings for the same membership and non-membership degree. The advantages of the proposed score function over existing ones are demonstrated through illustrative examples. From the calculation results, the proposed decision score function discriminates between all candidates. Hence, the proposed research provides a solid foundation for the hesitation analysis on the decision-making problem.
Minority Status and Support for Supranational Integration
Authors: Troncone Massimo , Valli Roberto
Published: January 2024

This article proposes a novel theory of minority status and support for supranational integration.We argue that the gap in status and opportunities between majority and minorityindividuals affects the evaluation of international institutions. Individuals whose socioeconomicstatus and opportunities are restricted because of minority traits are more dissatisfiedwith national institutions and more favorable toward supranational integration than theirmajority counterparts. We test our theory on the European Union, the most advanced caseof regional integration. Using different operationalizations of minority status and an exactmatching strategy we demonstrate a robust positive association between minority status andsupport for supranational integration. Testing the mechanisms, we present evidence that integrationin the host country and discrimination drive these effects.
Beyond Vision Impairments: Redefining the Scope of Accessible Data Representations
Authors: Wimer Brianna , South Laura , Wu Keke , Szafir Danielle , Borkin Michelle , Metoyer Ronald
Published: January 2024

The increasing ubiquity of data in everyday life has elevated the importance of data literacy and accessible data representations, particularly for individuals with disabilities. While prior research predominantly focuses on the needs of the visually impaired, our survey aims to broaden this scope by investigating accessible data representations across a more inclusive spectrum of disabilities. After conducting a systematic review of 152 accessible data representation papers from ACM and IEEE databases, we found that roughly 78% of existing articles center on vision impairments. In this paper, we conduct a comprehensive review of the remaining 22% of papers focused on underrepresented disability communities. We developed categorical dimensions based on accessibility, visualization, and human-computer interaction to classify the papers. These dimensions include the community of focus, issues addressed, contribution type, study methods, participants, data type, visualization type, and data domain. Our work redefines accessible data representations by illustrating their application for disabilities beyond those related to vision. Building on our literature review, we identify and discuss opportunities for future research in accessible data representations. All supplemental materials are available at https://osf.io/yv4xm/?view_only=b36a3fbf7a14b3888029966faa3def9.
DECODING SOCIAL BIASES: THE DECISIVE INTERMEDIATION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ITS OWN TENDENCY TOWARDS BIAS
Authors: CLAUDIO ALEXANDRE APARECIDO
Published: January 2024

Technological evolution in contemporary society has driven individuals to adapt to rapidchanges. With the regularity of various channels of communication and dissemination ofinformation, the ease of access to this information is highlighted. Reality begins to be shapedto absorb information at the same speed at which it is presented. However, a fragility appearsin the human capacity to make decisions, as evidenced by studies by Daniel Kahneman in the70s, highlighting the high influence of human beings. Subsequent behavioral studies,grounded in Kahneman's proven practices, continue to reveal human frailty in decisionmaking in the face of societal views. Heuristics take control of decisions, and the quick andpluralized presentation of communication channels becomes a factor to be observed. Theobjective of this work was to identify the cognitive failure in decisions, driven bytechnological advances, and examine how current technology, especially artificial intelligence,can help mitigate this decision failure. This project qualified through a theoretical study,seeking correlated articles in the Scielo database and relating them to current news, building atheoretical foundation in the application of artificial intelligence as a method of decisiveintermediation. Artificial intelligence has been identified as an entity capable of assisting indecision-making, but also as a technology capable of absorbing our visions and disseminatingthem
Transformative Virtual Reality Games for Adaptive Sports Training: Exploring the Perceptions of Individuals with Mobility Impairments
Authors: Yildirim Caglar
Published: January 2024

The rise of virtual reality (VR) technology has opened up new opportunities for individuals with mobility impairments to participate in adaptive sports training. This paper reports on a survey study of individuals with mobility impairments to explore their expectations and needs when designing and developing VR games for adaptive sports training. Results indicate that participants are highly motivated to engage in VR adaptive sports training due to its promising potential and have specific requirements for game design and development, including ease of use, realistic gameplay, and accessible controls. This study highlights the transformative potential of VR technology in providing equal opportunities for individuals with mobility impairments to participate in adaptive sports training and promotes the development of inclusive VR games for disable users. Our findings have actionable implications for game designers, developers, and researchers, as they underscore the importance of accessibility and inclusiveness in the design and development of VR games for adaptive sports training.
Social comparison selection in individuals with depression and the role of self-assessment and self-enhancement motives: An experimental investigation
Authors: Schlechter Pascal , Meyer Thomas , Morina Nexhmedin
Published: January 2024

Social comparison plays an important role in depression. However, the process of social comparison selection among depressed individuals remains understudied. This study investigates the choices made by individuals with depression when exposed to vignettes depicting varying depression severities and coping abilities. We experimentally activated either self-assessment or self-enhancement motives and had participants choose from four vignettes: (1) Mild Depression, Coping Well; (2) Mild Depression, Coping Poorly; (3) Severe Depression, Coping Well; and (4) Severe Depression, Coping Poorly. Our first hypothesis was that most participants would select upward comparison standards (H1). We further hypothesized that those in the self-enhancement condition would prefer coping poorly vignettes more than those in the self-assessment condition (H2). Additionally, we expected higher depression severity to correlate with selecting vignettes featuring greater severity (H3). We conducted a between-subject online experiment with N = 449 participants. Confirming H1, most participants favored the Mild Depression, Coping Well vignette, while the Severe Depression, Coping Poorly vignette was least frequently selected. Contrary to H2, participants’ choices were not influenced by self-motives. Supporting H3, higher depression levels were linked to opting for alternative comparison standards over the Mild Depression, Coping Well vignette. Our findings are relevant for future research and interventions.
Effects of COVID on Mandated Child Abuse Reporting Among Nurses: The Mediating Role of Compassion Fatigue
Authors: Stevenson Margaret , Ravipati Vaishnavi , Shaefer Cynthia
Published: January 2024

Because COVID triggered elevated rates of child abuse, but diminished rates of child abuse reporting, we explored predictors of nurses’ attitudes toward reporting suspected child abuse during the COVID pandemic. In particular, we expected that compassion fatigue and compassion satisfaction would mediate the effects of COVID-related stressors (i.e., exposure to COVID patient death and suffering; COVID-related family income loss; frequent direct care of COVID patients; and parental burnout) on nurses’ negative attitudes toward reporting suspected child abuse. Employing chain-referral sampling, we recruited a sample of 244 registered nurses (83% White; 87% women). Supporting hypotheses, compassion fatigue mediated the effects of job-related COVID stressors (exposure to COVID patient death and suffering; COVID-related family income loss; and frequent direct care of COVID patients) on nurses’ negative attitudes toward reporting suspected child abuse. In addition, among nurses who were also parents, nurses’ self-reported parental burnout mediated the relation between compassion fatigue and negative attitudes toward reporting suspected child abuse. In addition, compassion satisfaction mediated the effect of nurses’ parental burnout on nurses’ negative attitudes toward reporting suspected child abuse.
Indicators of Environmental Scarcity Differentially Moderate the Impact of Trauma Exposure on Psychopathology in a Community Sample of Adolescents
Authors: Larson Eric , Moussa-Tooks Alexandra , Wisner Krista
Published: January 2024

Trauma exposure and environmental scarcity independently increase psychopathology risk in adolescence. However, it remains unclear whether these dimensions of early life adversity interact to impact psychopathology, whether different indicators of environmental scarcity perform similarly in such interactions, and whether these relationships are sex-invariant. This analysis used a cross-sectional, multi-informant approach to investigate interactions between trauma exposure and different indicators of environmental scarcity (achievement-based, financial-based) for three major dimensions of psychopathology. Data are from 236 youth aged 8-17 enrolled in the census-matched Nathan Kline Institute-Rockland Sample. Linear models were used to estimate interactions between trauma exposure (UCLA PTSD Reaction Index), and achievement-based scarcity (Hollingshead Four-Factor Index) versus financial-based scarcity (income-to-needs), for major dimensions of psychopathology (Child Behavior Checklist internalizing, externalizing, thought). Confirmatory linear models showed increasing trauma exposure was associated with elevated internalizing (β=1.83, p<0.01) and externalizing (β=1.46, p=0.02), but not thought, psychopathology when controlling for environmental scarcity indicators. Interaction analyses demonstrated achievement-based scarcity, but not financial-based scarcity, moderated these relationships (Internalizing p=0.02; Externalizing p=0.01), such that the impact of trauma exposure on psychopathology depended on the level of caregiver achievement, but not the level of familial financial resources. These patterns were similar, but attenuated, in males and females when examined separately. Caregiver achievement may protect against symptoms of psychopathology in adolescents exposed to trauma, suggesting that policies geared towards increasing education accessibility and job opportunities may have considerable downstream impact. Future work should explore interactions between adversity dimensions in population-based samples with greater variability in systems-level factors (e.g., neighborhood advantage).
Künstliche Intelligenz (KI) als Digitalintervention der Zukunft? Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschiede von KI-basierten Interventionen und digitalen Interventionen ohne KI
Authors: Niemeyer Helen
Published: January 2024

Folgten auf die Präsenz-Psychotherapie als Therapieform 1.0 die digitalen Interventionen, wie internetbasierte begleitete oder unbegleitete Programme, zertifizierte digitale Gesundheitsanwendungen (DiGAs) und Selbsthilfeapps, als Assistenzsysteme im Rahmen von Therapie 2.0, und steht die Psychotherapie nun an der Schwelle zur Integration von auf künstlicher Intelligenz (KI) basierenden Interventionen in eine übergreifende Therapie 3.0 der Zukunft? Zwischen digitalen Interventionen und KI-basierten Interventionen gibt es Gemeinsamkeiten, die beide von der Präsenztherapie unterscheiden, wie die nicht vorhandene körperliche und persönliche Präsenz eines*r menschlichen Therapeut*in. In manchen Varianten digitaler Interventionen und somit sowohl bei Ansätzen mit und als auch ohne KI wird mit einem nicht-menschlichen Programm bzw. Assistenten kommuniziert. Bei beiden sind zudem datenschutzrechtliche Aspekte hochrelevant. Daher stellt sich auch die Frage, welche Ängste in Bezug auf die Nutzung von KI-basierten Interventionen aufkommen, die schon bei der Einführung digitalisierter Interventionen ausgelöst wurden. Ein Diskussionspunkt sind die Gestaltungsmöglichkeiten einer „therapeutischen“ Beziehung im digitalen Kontext, ein anderer betrifft berufsständische Befürchtungen wie das Therapeut*innen durch Maschinen ersetzt werden (sollen) und somit überflüssig werden. Gibt es Bedenken, die in Bezug auf digitale Interventionen bereits entkräftet werden konnten? Möglicherweise sind manche Bedenken, die sich nicht bewahrheitet haben, sogar in Vergessenheit geraten? Und gibt es Befürchtungen, die sich bewahrheitet haben, sodass bestehende Probleme oder Herausforderungen, die bereits bei digitalen Interventionen relevant waren, nun bei KI-basierten Interventionen möglicherweise noch verschärft werden? Dazu müssten zunächst die Gemeinsamkeiten, aber auch die Besonderheiten von KI im Gegensatz zu den bislang bekannten digitalen Interventionen herausgestellt werden: Worin unterscheiden sich KI-basierte Interventionen grundlegend von den bisherigen digitalen Interventionen? Mit diesen Fragen möchte sich der folgende Beitrag auseinandersetzen.
Validation of a transdiagnostic psychopathology EMA protocol in a university students sample
Authors: Jover Martínez Alberto , Lemmens Lotte H.J.M. , Fried Eiko I , Guðmundsdóttir Guðrún Rut , Roefs Anne
Published: January 2024

Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) collects real-time data in daily life, enhancing ecological validity and reducing recall bias. An EMA questionnaire that measures symptoms and transdiagnostic factors was recently developed with network modeling purposes. This study examines this EMA protocol’s (1) subjective experience (e.g., burden, item clarity, survey frequency adequacy, etc), (2) compliance, dropout, and predictors thereof, (3) the variability of EMA items across and within participants, and (4) the relations between EMA items and baseline standardized psychopathology questionnaires. University students (n = 262 Mage = 21.9, 84.8% females, 17.2% Dutch) completed eight daily momentary surveys (with the first including morning survey), an evening survey, and a weekly survey during a 4-week EMA protocol. Additionally, a concluding survey examined participants' subjective experiences. Perceived burden was 3.40 on a 7-point scale, and people with higher levels of psychopathology found it more burdensome and more difficult to complete. 67% of the surveys were completed and 16% of the participants dropped out. Baseline psychopathology was not significantly associated with dropout or compliance. Moreover, surveys triggered in later study days, during the weekend, longer surveys, and surveys with lower financial reward were more likely to be missed. Between-subjects and within-subjects variability and correlations with baseline psychopathology varied across EMA items, with most EMA-items showing sufficient within-individual variability for network modeling purposes and showing correlations across all types of psychopathology and transdiagnostic factors. The results suggest that the collection of intensive time-series data is feasible, and data quality and characteristics match requirements of different network models.
Towards an Active Inference Account of Deep Meditative Deconstruction
Authors: Prest Shawn , Berryman Kevin
Published: January 2024

This paper explores the intersection of deep meditative deconstruction, in particular the Buddhist defabrication process and its associated phenomenology, and computational mechanisms under the active inference framework (AIF). We contextualise states such as the jhānas within this process, drawing on both Buddhist theoretical frameworks and contemporary phenomenological understanding. We take a step towards ‘translating’ Buddhist meditation-based phenomenology into computational neurophenomenology. We demonstrate how Buddhist defabrication can be understood as a deconstructive process driving inference ever lower in an agent’s hierarchical generative model by the repeated release of mental tensing associated with clinging and aversion. We cast this release of mental tensing as corresponding to a hierarchical level-specific reduction in belief precision, permitting the interpretation of Buddhist notions such as equanimity and meditative stillness under AIF. We then illustrate the deconstruction process up to its conclusion in a cessation of phenomenal experience, touching on how states traversed during the process may inform areas related to core-knowledge structuring and the generation of experience.
The cost of anonymity in the sharing economy: Consumers distrust and avoid sellers without profile photos
Authors: Jaeger Bastian , Efendic Emir
Published: January 2024

Sharing economy platforms, such as Airbnb, encourage sellers to display profile photos and other personal information to increase consumer trust and engagement. However, research has shown that consumers rely on this information to discriminate against sellers with certain characteristics (e.g., ethnic minorities). Some sharing economy sellers may therefore choose not to display a profile photo because they wish to conceal their appearance or social identity to prevent discrimination or other unfavorable treatment by consumers or because of general privacy concerns. In four preregistered studies with samples from the United States, United Kingdom, and the Netherlands, we examined the consequences of withholding profile profiles. We tested how the presence (vs. absence) of personal photos affects consumer trust and preferences for different sellers. Three experimental studies (total N = 380) suggest that consumers distrust and avoid hosts without a profile photo. In Study 4, we analyzed 461 ride-sharing listings and found that drivers with a profile photo charge higher prices for otherwise equivalent rides. In sum, our results suggest that sharing economy sellers face a tradeoff between anonymity and earning opportunities.
Objective versus subjective socioeconomic disadvantage, experienced inequality, and wellbeing across adolescence
Authors: Green Kayla , van de Groep Suzanne , Brinke Lysanne te , Sweijen Sophie , Toenders Yara , van der Waal Jeroen , Crone Eveline
Published: January 2024

Adolescents growing up in socioeconomic disadvantaged environments are more at risk for lower wellbeing. This study examined the associations between objective and subjective socioeconomic disadvantage (SED), experienced inequality, feelings of future uncertainty and wellbeing (n = 494, 11 – 26 years, 58% females). Our findings are fourfold: I) we confirmed a three-factor structure for SED – family resources, perceived financial hardship, and perceived neighbourhood disadvantage; II) subjective experience of SED uniquely contributed to future uncertainty and wellbeing, beyond the effects of objective SED; III) there was an indirect effect of perceived financial scarcity on wellbeing via future uncertainty; IV) age was differently associated with objective versus subjective SED, as the former decreased with age and the latter increased with age. Overall, our findings emphasize the unique role of subjective SED in contributing to adolescent wellbeing disparities, transcending the influence of objective SED.
Preliminary Evaluation of a Targeted, School-Based Social and Emotional Learning Intervention for At Risk Youth: Football Beyond Borders
Authors: Cheng Qiqi , Humphrey Neil
Published: January 2024

Objective: To provide preliminary independent evidence of the efficacy of Football Beyond Borders (FBB), a targeted, school-based social and emotional learning (SEL) intervention for at-risk youth. FBB includes weekly SEL classroom sessions, activities on the football pitch, 1:1 therapy sessions, holiday support, and rewards trips. Method: Propensity score matching and difference-in-differences estimation were used in a pre-test/post-test control group design to assess the impact of FBB on the mental wellbeing (assessed via the Short Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale, SWEMWBS) of participants designated at-risk (N=46 aged 12-14, 81.6% boys), passive learners (N=72, aged 12-14, 84.7% boys), and role models (N=35, aged 12-14, 85.7% boys), with matched control samples derived from a subset of the #BeeWell cohort study (N=8,015). Results: A significant intervention effect was observed for at-risk youth, with FBB leading to an increase of approximately 2.4 SWEMWBS points (d = 0.44). No intervention effects were observed for passive learners or role models. Conclusions: Preliminary evidence indicates that FBB can improve mental wellbeing of at-risk youth. Accordingly, an explanatory trial is warranted.
A Supply and Demand Approach to Information Processing in Decision-Making
Authors: Lee Douglas G.
Published: January 2024

Value-based decisions are driven by subjective estimates of value for each available option, but recent work has shown that subjective measures of certainty about those value estimates also influence choice behavior. Computational theories have proposed that decision-makers process information about choice options in order to reduce their uncertainty about their value estimates before choosing an option. One theory specifically proposes that value estimates are refined during deliberation, which results in more precise – and sometimes perturbed – value estimates after the choice relative to before. Here we examine the idea that choice options hold different levels of familiarity for decision-makers, and that familiarity can influence the degree to which certainty gain or value perturbation occurs. Our results show that certainty gain is a decreasing function of initial certainty – which we classify as a demand effect – and an increasing function of familiarity – which we classify as a supply effect. We found similar effects with respect to value perturbation. Together, these results provide support for our supply and demand approach to the processing of information during decision-making.
Mental networks: a unified model of vmPFC function
Authors: Friesen Lorin
Published: January 2024

Neurological research has related vmPFC (ventromedial prefrontal cortex) activity with many functions. This research suffers from a fundamental flaw, because a method that suppresses subjective bias is being used to study the part of the brain that generates subjective bias, leading to research that is accurate but fragmented. The mental network, which is like an emotionally imposed schema, provides a unified explanation for these various functions. This thesis is supported by extensive quotes from neurological research on the vmPFC.
Two-way control of a virtual avatar from lucid dreams
Authors: Raduga Michael , Shashkov Andrey
Published: January 2024

Objective. In lucid dreams (LDs), it is possible to maintain consciousness and achieve predetermined goals while in REM sleep. Since the 1980s, scientists have been searching for LD application areas. The current study is the first to demonstrate a method for controlling a car avatar with feedback from LDs. Support for this possibility could be used for personal applications and LD studies. Method. Five experienced LD practitioners participated in the present study. Electromyographical (EMG) sensors were used to detect leg and arm muscle movements, and red diodes were put in front of participants’ eyes to indicate obstacles. Software converted EMG impulses into movements of a virtual car, which was chosen as the avatar. The study was conducted under laboratory conditions with polysomnographic LD verification (pre-agreed eye signals were recorded during REM sleep).Results. The participants spent one to four nights in the laboratory and induced 18 confirmed LDs. In 12 LDs, they drove a virtual car, successfully avoided obstacles, or both. All results were observed in real-time and recorded by the research team.Discussion. The results show an achievable way to control the functions of a computer program with feedback from LDs. In theory, many more options for controlling and feedback besides EMG sensors and diodes could be used. With development, all these technologies could help control more sophisticated objects in virtual and physical realms. The two-way communication from LDs with computers observed in this study could facilitate new studies because people could correct the settings and functions of devices by themselves from LDs. This would also foster communication between people while asleep.
National mini-public report: Poland
Authors: Styczyńska Natasza , Zubek Marcin
Published: January 2024

This report provides an overview of the Polish mini-public on knowledge communication, disinformation, the role of experts, and trust in politics during the Covid-19 pandemic, which was held in the framework of the Horizon Europe research project REGROUP. The participants of the citizens’ jury shared their experiences related to these themes in times of the pandemic to ultimately formulate concrete policy recommendations to help the EU in preparing for future pandemics.The report discusses (1) organisational matters, (2) provides a summary of the discussion contents, (3) presents the jurors’ policy recommendations, (4) analyses the attitudinal participant surveys, and includes (5) citizens’ feedback, and a (6) self-evaluation.