bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Amiselimod (MT-1303), a Novel Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Receptor-1 Modulator, Potently Inhibits the Progression of Lupus Nephritis in Two Murine SLE Models
Authors: Sugahara Kunio , Maeda Yasuhiro , Shimano Kyoko , Murase Mikako , Mochiduki Sachiko , Takemoto Kana , Kakimoto Tetsuhiro , Utsumi Hiroyuki , Oshita Koichi , Kataoka Hirotoshi
Published: December 2019

Amiselimod (MT-1303) is a novel and selective sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor-1 (S1P1) modulator with a more favorable cardiac safety profile than other S1P1 receptor modulators. In this study, we evaluated the effects of MT-1303 on the progression of lupus nephritis in two well-known murine systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) models, MRL/lpr and NZBWF1 mice, compared with those of FK506. Daily oral doses of 0.1 and 0.3 mg/kg MT-1303 not only inhibited the development of lupus nephritis when administered before onset in MRL/lpr and NZBWF1 mice but also improved symptoms of lupus nephritis when administered after onset in MRL/lpr mice. Its efficacy in these models was more potent or comparable to that of FK506 (1 and 3 mg/kg). In histological analysis, treatment with MT-1303 inhibited infiltration of T cells into the kidneys, mesangial expansion, and glomerular sclerosis. MT-1303 treatment resulted in a marked reduction in T cells and B cells in the peripheral blood and significantly inhibited increases in the number of plasma cells in the spleen and T cells in the kidneys. In addition, administration of MT-1303 suppressed elevations in serum anti-dsDNA antibody levels in MRL/lpr mice, but not in NZBWF1 mice. Our findings show that MT-1303 exhibits marked therapeutic effects on lupus nephritis in two SLE models, likely by reducing the infiltration of autoreactive T cells into the kidneys. These results suggest that MT-1303 has the potential to be used as a therapeutic agent for patients suffering from SLE, including lupus nephritis.
Adsorption of Carbon Dioxide, Methane, and Nitrogen Gases onto ZIF Compounds with Zinc, Cobalt, and Zinc/Cobalt Metal Centers
Authors: Awadallah-F Ahmed , Hillman Febrian , Al-Muhtaseb Shaheen A. , Jeong Hae-Kwon
Published: December 2019

ZIF-8, Co-ZIF-8, and Zn/Co-ZIF-8 are utilized in adsorbing nitrogen (N2), methane (CH4), and carbon dioxide (CO2) gases at temperatures between 25 and 55°C and pressures up to ~1 MPa. Equilibrium adsorption isotherms and adsorption kinetics are studied. The dual-site Langmuir equation is employed to correlate the nonisothermal adsorption equilibrium behavior. Generally, N2 showed the lowest equilibrium adsorption quantity on the three samples, whereas CO2 showed the highest equilibrium adsorption capacity. Amid the ZIF samples, the biggest adsorption quantities of N2 and CH4 were onto Zn/Co-ZIF-8, whereas the highest adsorption quantity of CO2 was on ZIF-8. The isosteric heats of adsorbing these gases on ZIF-8, Co-ZIF-8, and Zn/Co-ZIF-8 were examined. Moreover, the overall mass transfer coefficients of adsorption at different temperatures were investigated.
Study on Blending of Wall Material of the Nonel Tube by CSW/PE-g-MAH
Authors: Li Hong-wei , Zhang Bin-bin , Yang Ji-nian , Li Huan , Gui Ji-chang , Lei Zhan
Published: December 2019

In order to improve the strength and resistance of ordinary nonel tubes, calcium sulfate whiskers (CSW, treated with silane coupling agent) and maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene (PE-g-MAH) are used to control the wall material of the nonel tube that the blending of the low-density polyethylene was enhanced. The effects of mass fraction of CSW or PE-g-MAH on the tensile properties, interfacial structure, melting and crystallization characteristics, and thermal decomposition behavior of the composite system were studied, and the thermal decomposition kinetics were calculated. The results show that, relative to pure LDPE, the strength of LDPE/CSW (85/15) is increased by 7.58%, and the strength of LDPE/CSW/PE-g-MAH (84/15/1) is increased by 7.58%. The addition of CSW or PE-g-MAH has gradually changed the fracture mode of the LDPE matrix. Thermal analysis shows that CSW can reduce the crystallinity of LDPE. The melting and crystallization characteristics of LDPE/CSW/PE-g-MAH composites have little effect, but the thermal decomposition stability is improved. The kinetic analysis showed that the reaction order (n) was around 1, CSW could improve LDPE/CSW thermal decomposition activation energy, and PE-g-MAH increased the thermal decomposition activation energy of LDPE/CSW/PE-g-MAH.
Experimental Study on Novel Energy‐Dissipating Prefabricated Beam‐Column Joints
Authors: Liu Qiong , Chen Shanghong , Lin Wei , Zeng Fanjin
Published: December 2019

A new dapped‐end beam to column connection is designed in this paper. Its assembly connection zone changes from inside the joint to midspan of the beam. The proposed connection can not only provide good structural integrity but also ensure that the plastic hinge moves away from the column edge. The rotational capacity of the plastic hinge determines the internal force redistribution of the joint and the energy dissipation capacity. The high‐strength bolts and steel plates are used to realize connection, further enhancing the rotation of the plastic hinge and minimizing the cast‐in‐place concrete volume. Three full‐scale exterior beam to column joints are casted and then subjected to reversal cyclic loading. The finite element (FE) analyses are carried out to compare with experimental results and study the effect of connection position on the structural behaviours. The obtained results show that the plastic hinges of all three specimens are firstly developed to a distance from the column edge, thus revealing that this kind of joint can achieve beam hinge mechanism and prevent joint shear failure. And the connection position is the most disadvantaged when coinciding with the plastic hinge zone, which would result in the excessive deformation and the early failure of the steel bar anchor system. The new type of joint shows good seismic performance during earthquake if the connection can be properly designed, and thus this kind of structural form can be applied to actual engineering structures in seismic regions.
Lower First Permanent Molar with an Additional Root Diagnosis and Management
Authors: Riyahi Abdullah Mahmoud
Published: December 2019

Three rooted lower first permanent molar represents one of the main anatomical variants which is a treatment challenge of clinicians. This study is aimed at presenting a case of a lower first molar with an additional root that was diagnosed and managed successfully using new techniques in endodontics. Tooth #46 was diagnosed as a necrotic pulp with symptomatic apical periodontitis. Different angle radiographs were obtained, and they clearly showed three roots. The procedure was completed under magnification and illumination using an operating microscope. The access cavity was modified to achieve straight line access for all the canals. Careful step-by-step instrumentation was performed using flexible NiTi rotary files. The canals were irrigated using 6% sodium hypochlorite. Afterwards, three-dimensional obturation was completed using warm vertical compaction. Knowledge of the anatomy and an early diagnosis are required to achieve high-quality root canal treatment.
Vascular Events and Carotid Atherosclerosis: A 5-Year Prospective Cohort Study in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and a Contemporary Cardiovascular Prevention Treatment
Authors: Vouillarmet Julien , Marsot Charlotte , Maucort-Boulch Delphine , Riche Benjamin , Helfre Marjorie , Grange Claire
Published: December 2019

Background and Aims. European recommendations on cardiovascular prevention suggest that carotid atherosclerosis assessment by duplex ultrasonography could help in some cases to better assess CV risk. We investigated whether the presence of carotid atherosclerosis determined by duplex ultrasonography is associated with cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes and could therefore help to reclassify cardiovascular risk. Methods. Among 624 consecutive patients with type 2 diabetes and carotid atherosclerosis assessment by duplex ultrasonography between January and December 2012, 583 (93%) were included and followed up prospectively. The primary endpoint was the occurrence of cardiovascular events. The rate of new cardiovascular events was compared between patients with (n=104) and those without (n=479) prior cardiovascular events. Results. A total of new 104 cardiovascular events occurred in 72 patients (12.5%) during a mean±SD follow-up period of 5.1±1.6 years. At baseline, for 202 patients (34.6%), carotid evaluation was normal; 381 (65.4%) had a carotid atherosclerosis lesion. The presence of carotid atherosclerosis at baseline was not significantly associated with an increased risk of new cardiovascular events in both groups. The rate of new cardiovascular events was more than twice as high in patients with prior cardiovascular event than those without. Conclusion. Systematic carotid atherosclerosis assessment by duplex ultrasonography in patients with type 2 diabetes and a contemporary cardiovascular prevention treatment does not offer additional information as to the risk of cardiovascular events. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (ID: NCT02929355).
Progress and Opportunities to Advance Clinical Cancer Therapeutics Using Tumor Dynamic Models
Authors: Bruno René , Bottino Dean , de Alwis Dinesh P. , Fojo Antonio T. , Guedj Jérémie , Liu Chao , Swanson Kristin R. , Zheng Jenny , Zheng Yanan , Jin Jin Y.
Published: December 2019

There is a need for new approaches and endpoints in oncology drug development, particularly with the advent of immunotherapies and the multiple drug combinations under investigation. Tumor dynamics modeling, a key component to oncology “model-informed drug development,” has shown a growing number of applications and a broader adoption by drug developers and regulatory agencies in the past years to support drug development and approval in a variety of ways. Tumor dynamics modeling is also being investigated in personalized cancer therapy approaches. These models and applications are reviewed and discussed, as well as the limitations and issues open for further investigations. A close collaboration between stakeholders like clinical investigators, statisticians, and pharmacometricians is warranted to advance clinical cancer therapeutics.
TRK Fusions Are Enriched in Cancers with Uncommon Histologies and the Absence of Canonical Driver Mutations
Authors: Rosen Ezra Y. , Goldman Debra A. , Hechtman Jaclyn F. , Benayed Ryma , Schram Alison M. , Cocco Emiliano , Shifman Sophie , Gong Yixiao , Kundra Ritika , Solomon James P. , Bardelli Alberto , Scaltriti Maurizio , Drilon Alexander , Iasonos Alexia , Taylor Barry S. , Hyman David M.
Published: December 2019

Purpose:

TRK inhibitors achieve marked tumor-agnostic efficacy in TRK fusion–positive cancers and consequently are now an established standard of care. Little is known, however, about the demographics, outcomes, response to alternative standard therapies, or genomic characteristics of TRK fusion–positive cancers.

Experimental Design:

Utilizing a center-wide screening program involving more than 26,000 prospectively sequenced patients, genomic and clinical data from all cases with TRK fusions were extracted. An integrated analysis was performed of genomic, therapeutic, and phenomic outcomes.

Results:

We identified 76 cases with confirmed TRK fusions (0.28% overall prevalence) involving 48 unique rearrangements and 17 cancer types. The presence of a TRK fusion was associated with depletion of concurrent oncogenic drivers (P < 0.001) and lower tumor mutation burden (P < 0.001), with the exception of colorectal cancer where TRK fusions cooccur with microsatellite instability (MSI-H). Longitudinal profiling in a subset of patients indicated that TRK fusions were present in all sampled timepoints in 82% (14/17) of cases. Progression-free survival on first-line therapy, excluding TRK inhibitors, administered for advanced disease was 9.6 months [95% confidence interval (CI), 4.8–13.2]. The best overall response rate achieved with chemotherapy containing–regimens across all lines of therapy was 63% (95% CI, 41–81). Among 12 patients treated with checkpoint inhibitors, a patient with MSI-H colorectal cancer had the only observed response.

Conclusions:

TRK fusion–positive cancers can respond to alternative standards of care, although efficacy of immunotherapy in the absence of other predictive biomarkers (MSI-H) appears limited. TRK fusions are present in tumors with simple genomes lacking in concurrent drivers that may partially explain the tumor-agnostic efficacy of TRK inhibitors.
Comorbidity of Keratoconus and Fuchs’ Corneal Endothelial Dystrophy: A Review of the Literature
Authors: Mylona Ioanna , Tsinopoulos Ioannis , Ziakas Nikolaos
Published: December 2019

Introduction: Comorbidity of keratoconus (KC) and Fuchs’ corneal endothelial dystrophy (FD) has been sporadically reported in the literature since the early nineties. This review summarizes findings from the related literature while examining the possibilities related to the concurrent development of these disorders and the clinical significance for the clinician. Methods: NLM/PubMed, Ovid, Google Scholar, Cornea, and Cochrane database were reviewed for research papers presenting cases of comorbid KC and FD published between January 1990 and July 2019. Results: Fifteen papers which presented 69 cases were included in the study. Most cases were women (56.5%), involvement was bilateral (59.4%), and the age range was wide (15–82 years) with a normal distribution. Incidence is expected to be approximately 1 per 100,000. FD is the most frequent comorbid corneal dystrophy diagnosed in KC patients. There are 4 distinct possibilities for the cooccurrence of KC and FD, the most likely being that of chance. Conclusion: The overall incidence of these disorders found in combination is very low and, in absence of other conclusively proven hypotheses, most likely attributable to chance. The treatment plan should be tailored to the needs of the individual patient, since the diagnosis can be made in any stage of life and could be part of a more complex presentation that includes another pathology of the cornea or senile cataract. The inclusion of preoperative topography and specular microscopy as routine in cataract preoperative assessment would protect against any postoperative complications in these patients.
New Mechanism for the Sex Differences in Salt-Sensitive Hypertension
Authors: Zhang Jie , Zhu Jinxiu , Wei Jin , Jiang Shan , Xu Lan , Qu Larry , Yang Kun , Wang Lei , Buggs Jacentha , Cheng Feng , Tan Xuerui , Liu Ruisheng
Published: December 2019

Females are relatively resistant to salt-sensitive hypertension than males, but the mechanisms are not completely elucidated. We recently demonstrated a decisive role of macula densa neuronal NOS1β (nitric oxide synthase β)-mediated tubuloglomerular feedback (TGF) in the long-term control of glomerular filtration rate, sodium excretion, and blood pressure. In the present study, we hypothesized that the macula densa NOS1β-mediated TGF mechanism is different between male and female, thereby contributing to the sexual dimorphism of salt-sensitive hypertension. We used microperfusion, micropuncture, clearance of fluorescein isothiocyanate-inulin, and radio telemetry to examine the sex differences in the changes of macula densa NOS1β expression and activity, TGF response, natriuresis, and blood pressure after salt loading in wild-type and macula densa-specific NOS1 knockout mice. In wild-type mice, a high-salt diet induced greater increases in macula densa NOS1β expression and phosphorylation at Ser 1417, greater nitric oxide generation by the macula densa, and more inhibition in TGF response in vitro and in vivo in females than in males. Additionally, the increases of glomerular filtration rate, urine flow rate, and sodium excretion in response to an acute volume expansion were significantly greater in females than in males. The blood pressure responses to angiotensin II plus a high-salt diet were significantly less in females than in males. In contrast, these sex differences in TGF, natriuretic response, and blood pressure were largely diminished in knockout mice. In conclusion, macula densa NOS1β-mediated TGF is a novel and important mechanism for the sex differences in salt-sensitive hypertension.
Reduced mRNA Expression of RGS2 (Regulator of G Protein Signaling-2) in the Placenta Is Associated With Human Preeclampsia and Sufficient to Cause Features of the Disorder in Mice
Authors: Perschbacher Katherine J. , Deng Guorui , Sandgren Jeremy A. , Walsh John W. , Witcher Phillip C. , Sapouckey Sarah A. , Owens Caitlyn E. , Zhang Shao Yang , Scroggins Sabrina M. , Pearson Nicole A. , Devor Eric J. , Sebag Julien A. , Pierce Gary L. , Fisher Rory A. , Kwitek Anne E. , Santillan Donna A. , Gibson-Corley Katherine N. , Sigmund Curt D. , Santillan Mark K. , Grobe Justin L.
Published: December 2019

Cascade-specific termination of G protein signaling is catalyzed by the RGS (regulator of G protein signaling) family members, including
RGS2
. Angiotensin, vasopressin, and endothelin are implicated in preeclampsia, and
RGS2
is known to inhibit G protein cascades activated by these hormones. Mutations in
RGS2
are associated with human hypertension and increased risk of developing preeclampsia and its sequelae. RGS family members are known to influence maternal vascular function, but the role of
RGS2
within the placenta has not been explored. Here, we hypothesized that reduced expression of
RGS2
within the placenta represents a risk factor for the development of preeclampsia. Although cAMP/CREB signaling was enriched in placentas from human pregnancies affected by preeclampsia compared with clinically matched controls and
RGS2
is known to be a CREB-responsive gene,
RGS2
mRNA was reduced in placentas from pregnancies affected by preeclampsia. Experimentally reducing
Rgs2
expression within the feto-placental unit was sufficient to induce preeclampsia-like phenotypes in pregnant wild-type C57BL/6J mice. Stimulation of
RGS2
transcription within immortalized human HTR8/SVneo trophoblasts by cAMP/CREB signaling was discovered to be dependent on the activity of histone deacetylase activity, and more specifically, HDAC9 (histone deacetylase-9), and
HDAC9
expression was reduced in placentas from human pregnancies affected by preeclampsia. We conclude that reduced expression of
RGS2
within the placenta may mechanistically contribute to preeclampsia. More generally, this work identifies
RGS2
as an
HDAC9
-dependent CREB-responsive gene, which may contribute to reduced
RGS2
expression in placenta during preeclampsia.
Health-Related Quality of Life in Young Adults Following Pediatric Arterial Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Rohner Aline , Gutbrod Klemens , Kohler Barbara , Lidzba Karen , Fischer Urs , Goeggel-Simonetti Barbara , Regenyi Maria , Steinlin Maja , Bigi Sandra
Published: December 2019

Background and Purpose—

Pediatric arterial ischemic stroke (AIS) is a rare disease leading to long-lasting neurological sequelae. Little is known about the long-term health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of these patients. The study aims to compare HRQoL in young adults who have had pediatric AIS with a healthy control group.

Methods—

A cross-sectional study compared self-rated HRQoL, depression, fatigability, and behavior in pediatric stroke survivors to healthy controls. Patients with a confirmed diagnosis of pediatric AIS who were ≥18 years at the time of recruitment and ≥2 years after acute AIS, as well as healthy controls ≥18 years matched for age, sex, and socioeconomic status were included. Primary outcome was HRQoL measured with the Short Form Health Survey.

Results—

Thirty-three patients (median [interquartile range] aged 22 years [20–26]; 22 males, 67%) and 71 controls (median [interquartile range] aged 23 years [21–25]; 41 males, 58%) were included. Overall, HRQoL, depression, or fatigability did not differ between the patients and the control group. Patients rated themselves lower on the disinhibition scale (
P
=0.049) and tended to rate themselves lower on the executive dysfunction scale (
P
=0.076). Patients with a poor outcome 24 months after AIS showed a clear trend toward impairment of executive functioning (
P
=0.056) and work/productivity in the stroke-specific QoL (
P
=0.05).

Conclusions—

Self-rated HRQoL, depression, and fatigability in adult pediatric stroke survivors are comparable to healthy adult peers. A poor outcome 24 months after acute stroke might affect work performance and executive functioning in adulthood.
Alpheus leptochiroides De Man, 1909, a poorly known deep-water snapping shrimp with a unique third maxilliped (Malacostraca: Decapoda: Alpheidae)
Authors: ANKER ARTHUR , FRANSEN CHARLES H.J.M.
Published: December 2019

Alpheus leptochiroides De Man, 1909, a poorly-known species originally described from the Kai Islands in eastern Indonesia, is reported from Kavieng, eastern Papua New Guinea, representing only the second record of this snapping shrimp and slightly extending its distribution range into the tropical western Pacific. The original description was based on a relatively young specimen, whereas the Kavieng specimen is clearly an adult male. Most importantly, several rather important characters of the species were omitted and/or not illustrated by De Man, including the unique and diagnostic rounded cuticular expansions on several areas of the third maxilliped, not present in any other alpheid shrimp. Therefore, a full redescription of the species is provided, with new detailed illustrations.
Distribution, morphological notes and conservation status of the psammophilus Microcambeva catfishes (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae)
Authors: SARMENTO-SOARES LUISA M. , PESSALI TIAGO C. , REIS VINÍCIUS J. C. , DE MEDEIROS LUCAS S. , LIMA SERGIO M. Q. , SILVA JULIANA P. , MARTINS-PINHEIRO RONALDO F. , DE PINNA MÁRIO C. C.
Published: December 2019

Sarcoglanidinae and Glanapteryginae catfishes are among the most unusual elements of the Neotropical freshwater fish fauna. Microcambeva ribeirae, M. barbata and M. draco are miniaturized Sarcoglanidinae known to occur in sandy microhabitats in drainages of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Due to their specific habitats, specimens of Microcambeva are rare in fish collections, and new records are considered noteworthy to warrant report. Recently, specimens of this genus were newly found in the Rio Doce basin in Minas Gerais and Espírito Santo States. Such new records expand the known geographic distribution of Microcambeva. Further records of Microcambeva for Rio Peruípe in south Bahia State are also reported. Comments on the distribution of Microcambeva species along the Atlantic Forest coastal basins and suggestions on its conservation status are also offered.
Revision of the genus Deltaspis Audinet-Serville, 1834 with systematic analysis and new taxa of Trachyderini with emarginate-truncate mandibles (Insecta: Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)
Authors: EYA BRYAN K.
Published: December 2019

The genera Deltaspis Audinet-Serville, 1834 and Muscidora, Thomson, 1864 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Cerambycinae: Trachyderini) are revised. Two new genera Neoxoplus gen. nov. and Deltaspiopsis gen. nov., are described. Two species previously included in Deltaspis [D. cruentus, (LeConte, 1862), and D. ivae Beierl & Barchet-Beierl, 1999] are transferred to the new genus Neoxoplus with N. cruentus designated as the type species. Four other Deltaspis species [D. alutacea Bates, 1885, D. marginella Bates, 1891, D. nigripennis Bates, 1880, and D. tumacacorii (Knull, 1944)] are transferred to Muscidora Thomson, 1864. Two species [D. disparilis Bates, 1891, and D. variabilis Bates, 1891] are transferred to the new genus Deltaspiopsis with D. disparilis designated as type species, and the remaining species [D. moesta Bates, 1885, D. rubens Bates, 1885, and D. subopaca Chemsak & Linsley, 1982] are transferred to Crossidius LeConte, 1851. Keys to closely related genera, above mentioned genera and species along with illustrations of the available species in color are included. New species described include: Muscidora bezarki sp. nov. from south-central Mexico (Puebla, Oaxaca); Muscidora coriacea sp. nov. from southeastern Mexico (Oaxaca and Chiapas); Muscidora nigrescens clinei subsp. nov. (Jalisco); and Muscidora similis sp. nov. from western Mexico (Sinaloa and Sonora).
Annotated catalogue of beetles (Coleoptera) of the Socotra Archipelago
Authors: HÁJEK JIŘÍ , BEZDĚK JAN
Published: December 2019

Beetles of the Socotra Archipelago, Yemen, were catalogued. Altogether, 645 morphospecies from 56 families have been recognised from the Archipelago, of which 516 species (one with an additional two subspecies) were identified to the species level. Twenty-four, mostly widely distributed, species are recorded from the Socotra Archipelago for the first time, and three species are newly recorded for the islands Abd el Kuri (1) and Samha (2). Lithocharis socotrana Assing, 2015 (Staphylinidae), described from Socotra, is recorded from continental Yemen for the first time. Five incomplete or incorrect previous records are corrected. A total of 305 (47%) of all recorded species are considered to be endemic to the Socotra Archipelago. A total of 62 (10%) species are widely distributed Afrotropical species, and 35 (5.5%) East African species, often reaching also the Arabian Peninsula; 16 (2.5%) species occur in the eremial zone of Saharo-Arabian (or Saharo-Sindian) region. Only 14 (2%) species were previously known solely from the Arabian Peninsula; 30 (4.5%) species have cosmopolitan (and often anthropogenic) distributions; 28 (4.5%) species are widely distributed in (sub)tropical areas of the Old World; and 26 (4%) species have a predominantly western Palaearctic distribution. At present, 129 (20%) morphospecies remain unidentified; however, we expect that many of them represent as yet undescribed taxa endemic to the Archipelago.
The construction of a political community: Croatian political emigrants after 1945 as performative actors
Authors: Zanki Angelika
Published: December 2019

The construction of a political community: Croatian political emigrants after 1945 as performative actorsThe article concerns Croatian political emigration in the period 1945–1990. The author describes the construction of a political community as a form of opposition to the communist regime in Yugoslavia. The aforementioned group – understood here as a performative actor – made an effort to deconstruct the new ideology and political doctrine and to create a new community. These activities manifested in various forms of organization. In this article special attention is given to Hrvatska revija magazine, which was published in 1951–1966 in Argentina. Its main objective was to make the public aware of the socio-political situation in Croatia and to change public opinion. Croatian intellectuals analyzed topics that were forbidden or censored in their homeland; in particular, they willingly referred to Bleiburg and the figure of Alojzije Stepinac, whose reinterpretation became the foundation of a new political community. Konstruowanie wspólnoty politycznej. Chorwacka emigracja polityczna po 1945 roku jako podmiot performatywnyArtykuł dotyczy emigracji chorwackiej w okresie po 1945 roku, nazywanej polityczną. W tekście przedstawiono konstruowanie się wspólnoty politycznej, stanowiącej formę oporu przeciw reżimowi komunistycznemu w Jugosławii. Wspomniana grupa – rozumiana tutaj jako podmiot performatywny – dokładała wszelkich starań, by zdekonstruować nową ideologię i doktrynę polityczną, a tym samym stworzyć nową wspólnotę. Frontem takich działań były różne formy organizacji. W niniejszym artykule szczególną uwagę poświęcono gazecie „Hrvatska revija”, wydawanej w okresie 1951–1966 w Argentynie. Za cel nadrzędny stawiano w niej uświadomienie szerokiej opinii publicznej sytuacji społeczno-politycznej w Chorwacji, jak i wpłynięcie na jej zmianę. Intelektualiści chorwaccy poruszali tematy zakazane lub cenzurowane w ojczyźnie, szczególnie chętnie odnosząc się do dwóch ideologemów: Bleiburga i Alojzije Stepinaca, których reinterpretacja stała się fundamentem nowej wspólnoty politycznej.
The performativity of protests: Artistic opposition to the Monument to the Soviet Army in Sofia as a way of modeling urban space
Authors: Kosieradzka Angelika
Published: December 2019

The performativity of protests: Artistic opposition to the Monument to the Soviet Army in Sofia as a way of modeling urban spaceThe main topic that the article deals with is the artistic initiatives of the Destructive Creation group: the manifestation of a critical attitude to a visible remainder of the communist past in a public space of the capital of Bulgaria. The basic tool for characterizing these artistic forms of social activation is analysis of the cyclical actions to repaint the Monument to the Soviet Army with regard to their contestative strength, as well as their potential to change urban space and social reality. These considerations, deepened by reflection on the community, event-driven and subversive dimension of the discussed resistance practices, show their performative character. Performatywność protestu. Artystyczny sprzeciw wobec sofijskiego Pomnika Armii Radzieckiej jako sposób modelowania przestrzeni miejskiejGłówny przedmiot rozważań zawartych w niniejszym artykule stanowią inicjatywy artystyczne grupy Destructive Creation, będące manifestacją krytycznego stosunku do widzialnych pozostałości przeszłości komunistycznej w przestrzeni publicznej bułgarskiej stolicy. Podstawowym narzędziem charakterystyki tych artystycznych form aktywizacji społecznej jest analiza cyklicznych akcji pomalowania sofijskiego Pomnika Armii Radzieckiej z uwzględnieniem ich kontestacyjnej siły, a także potencjału do zmiany przestrzeni miejskiej oraz rzeczywistości społecznej. Rozważania te, pogłębione o refleksję nad wspólnotowym, zdarzeniowym i subwersywnym wymiarem omawianych praktyk oporu, ukazują ich performatywny charakter.
Financing the theatre system in the Republic of Croatia
Authors: Kodrić Gagro Ana
Published: December 2019

Financing the theatre system in the Republic of CroatiaThis paper describes ways of financing culture in the Republic of Croatia using the example of theatre art, with an emphasis on the Ministry of Culture in the Republic of Croatia. The organizational model of theatre activity in Croatia is presented and the models of its financing are discussed. A comparative statistical overview of budget resources is also presented at the level of the state and the Ministry of Culture and the theatre activity for the period 2009 to 2018 in order to gain insight into their interdependence. Finansowanie systemu teatralnego w Republice ChorwacjiNiniejszy artykuł opisuje sposoby finansowania kultury w Republice Chorwacji na przykładzie sztuki teatralnej, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem działalności Ministerstwa Kultury. Przedstawiono model organizacyjny systemu teatralnego w Chorwacji oraz omówiono modele jego finansowania. Zaprezentowano statystyczny i porównawczy przegląd zasobów budżetowych na poziomie państwa, Ministerstwa Kultury i instytucji teatralnych w okresie od 2009 do 2018 roku, dający wgląd w ich wzajemną zależność.
The last twenty-five years of Polish humanities related to the history of the nations and countries of former Yugoslavia, their political and cultural relations with Poles, and unionism ideas in the second half of the 19th century
Authors: Cetnarowicz Antoni , Popek Krzysztof
Published: December 2019

The last twenty-five years of Polish humanities related to the history of the nations and countries of former Yugoslavia, their political and cultural relations with Poles, and unionism ideas in the second half of the 19th centuryThis paper presents an overview of the research topics that have appeared in Polish humanities since 1989 concerning the second half of the 19th c. history of the nations and countries which went on to create the Yugoslavian state after 1918. The period we chose is 1848 to 1908. Polska humanistyka ostatniego ćwierćwiecza dotycząca historii narodów i krajów byłej Jugosławii, ich związków polityczno-kulturalnych z Polakami oraz idei wspólnotowych w drugiej połowie XIX wiekuW niniejszym artykule zostanie przeprowadzony przegląd tematów badawczych dotyczących historii narodów oraz krajów, które po 1918 roku utworzyły państwo jugosłowiańskie, w drugiej połowie XIX, w polskiej humanistyce po 1989 roku. Jako orientacyjną cezurę czasową przyjęto lata 1848–1908.
Tumačenje sjećanja i zamišljanje zajednica u poslijeratnim vukovarskim ritualima (1992. – 2015.)
Authors: Žanić Mateo
Published: December 2019

Interpretation of memory and imagining communities in post-war rituals in Vukovar (1992-2015)Modern rituals are exceptionally complex events; the actors performing them have a narrative and imaginative connection with the space where the performance is taking place, with the history and tradition that the ritual concerns as well as with the wide community that they themselves represent. This paper interprets performances of post-war rituals in Vukovar, focusing on the Vukovar Remembrance Day of November 18th. The first part of the paper presents different ways of commemorating that day by Croats and by Serbs, whereby the two sides assign completely opposite meanings to the Battle of Vukovar. The second part follows the marking of Vukovar Remembrance Day after Vukovar once again became part of the constitutional and legal system of the Republic of Croatia. The third part of the paper follows the commemorations from 2013 to 2015 through the concepts of routinization and dramatization. In doing so, the paper tries to explain the differences and changes in marking one of the most important events in modern Croatian history. Interpretacja pamięci i wyobrażanie wspólnot w powojennych rytuałach w Vukovarze (1992–2015)Współczesne rytuały to wyjątkowo złożone wydarzenia, w których odgrywający je aktorzy prezentują narracyjny i wyobrażeniowy związek z przestrzenią, gdzie odbywa się przedstawienie, z historią i tradycją, których rytuał dotyczy, a także ze społecznością, którą reprezentują. Celem artykułu jest interpretacja powojennych rytuałów w Vukovarze (szczególnie obchodów Dnia Pamięci o Vukovarze, co roku 18 listopada). Pierwsza część tekstu prezentuje odmienne sposoby obchodzenia tego dnia przez Chorwatów i Serbów oraz przypisywanie całkowicie przeciwstawnych znaczeń bitwie o Vukovar. W drugiej części autor śledzi sposób upamiętniania Dnia Pamięci o Vukovarze, po tym jak miasto ponownie stało się częścią systemu konstytucyjnego i prawnego Republiki Chorwacji. Trzecia część dotyczy zaś obchodów tego dnia w latach 2013–2015. Autor analizuje je w odniesieniu do koncepcji rutynizacji i dramatyzacji rytuałów. W ten sposób artykuł próbuje wyjaśnić różnice i zmiany w znaczeniu jednego z najważniejszych wydarzeń we współczesnej historii Chorwacji.
Castlings in the margins: A change of perspective (Ewa Wróblewska-Trochimiuk, "Sztuka marginesów. Chorwacki plakat polityczny" ("The Art of Margins. The Croatian Political Poster"), Warszawa–Kraków: Instytut Slawistyki Polskiej Akademii Nauk – Libron, 2018, 324 pages)
Authors: Suchomłynow Lech A.
Published: December 2019

Castlings in the margins: A change of perspective (Ewa Wróblewska-Trochimiuk, Sztuka marginesów. Chorwacki plakat polityczny (The Art of Margins. The Croatian Political Poster), Warszawa–Kraków: Instytut Slawistyki Polskiej Akademii Nauk – Libron, 2018, 324 pages)Review of the scientific monograph “Sztuka marginesów. Chorwacki plakat polityczny” (The Art of Margins. The Croatian Political Poster) by Ewa Wróblewska-Trochimiuk (Warszawa–Kraków: Instytut Slawistyki Polskiej Akademii Nauk – Libron, 2018, 324 pages). Roszady na marginesach – zmiana perspektywy (Ewa Wróblewska-Trochimiuk, Sztuka marginesów. Chorwacki plakat polityczny (The Art of Margins. The Croatian Political Poster), Warszawa–Kraków: Instytut Slawistyki Polskiej Akademii Nauk – Libron, 2018, 324 ss.)Recenzja monografii naukowej „Sztuka marginesów. Chorwacki plakat polityczny” autorstwa Ewy Wróblewskiej-Trochimiuk (Warszawa–Kraków: Instytut Slawistyki Polskiej Akademii Nauk – Libron, 2018, 324 ss.).
Performativity – Politics – Community
Authors: Wróblewska-Trochimiuk Ewa
Published: December 2019

Performativity – Politics – CommunityThe paper is an introduction to 19th volume of “Slavia Meridionalis” which discusses the issue of performativity in the southern Slavic cultures. The author gives a review of the most important literature concerning the phenomenon of performativity and then presents the articles published in the journal. Performatywność – Polityka – WspólnotaTekst jest wprowadzeniem do 19. numeru czasopisma „Slavii Meridionalis”, poświęconego zagadnieniu performatywności w kulturach południowej Słowiańszczyzny. Autorka daje przegląd najważniejszych prac poświęconych performatywności, a następnie omawia teksty zawarte w czasopiśmie.
Specyfika polskiej refleksji romantycznej nad rasą i pojęciami pokrewnymi
Authors: Nowak Joanna
Published: December 2019

The specifics of Polish Romantic Reflection on race and cognate notionsThe one and basic characteristic feature of Polish Romantic reflection on race was that it associated race with tribeness. Such a reduction of the notion ‘race’ to ethnicity resulted from the then known definition of nation as a multiethnic and multicultural community which constituted the superior and the superb form of organizing the societal world, as well as from weakness of scholarly reflection in the field of physical anthropology. For Polish Romantics, race was not an objective category that on the basis of exiting physical differences enabled a division of humanity into permanent and clearly delimitated phonotypical populations. Race was identified with tribeness and related to a long gone past when the human kind merely created primitive social ties based on kinship of blood. However, what is really binding people is not biological criteria but spiritual semblance: communion of thought, feelings, and purpose. Color of skin or shape of skull do not determine a given populace’s brain capacities; in fact what counts only is cultural and civilization factors. For Romantics, in their thought a Eurocentric attitude dominated, although it was devoid of clearly racist connotations. Superior and inferior races, if existed at all, appeared only in the context of a level of development of civilization, that is, merely temporarily, because every race was able to achieve the level of the most developed races or even a higher one. Specyfika polskiej refleksji romantycznej nad rasą i pojęciami pokrewnymiSpecyfika polskiej refleksji romantycznej nad rasą miała jedną zasadniczą cechę – utożsamienie jej z plemiennością. Zredukowanie pojęcia rasy do etniczności wynikało z ówczesnej definicji narodu jako wspólnoty wieloetnicznej, wielokulturowej, która stanowiła nadrzędną, najdoskonalszą formę urządzenia świata społecznego, oraz ze słabości naukowej refleksji w zakresie antropologii fizycznej. Rasa nie była dla romantyków polskich kategorią obiektywną, pozwalającą według istniejących różnic fizycznych podzielić ludzkość na trwałe, ograniczone fenotypowo populacje. Utożsamiono ją z plemiennością i łączono z zamierzchłą przeszłością, gdy ludzkość tworzyła jedynie prymitywne związki społeczne oparte na pokrewieństwie krwi. Tymczasem ludzi zespala nie tyle kryterium biologiczne, co podobieństwo duchowe – wspólnota myśli, uczuć i celu. Kolor skóry czy kształt czaszki nie determinowały zdolności umysłowych populacji, a jedynie czynniki natury kulturowo-cywilizacyjnej. Postawa europocentryczna dominowała w ówczesnej myśli, ale bez konotacji stricte rasistowskich. Jeśli istniały rasy niższe i wyższe, to tylko w kontekście stopnia zaawansowania w rozwoju cywilizacyjnym, a zatem czasowo, gdyż każda z nich mogła dojść do poziomu tych najbardziej rozwiniętych, a nawet je przewyższyć.
Problem języka ukraińskiego na Ukrainie na tle aneksji Krymu i wojny w Donbasie
Authors: Voytyuk Oksana
Published: December 2019

The problem of the Ukrainian language in light of the annexation of Crimea and the war in DonbasThe problem of Ukrainian language in public discourse has been present since 1991, when Ukraine regained its independence. The problem is difficult, largely due to the historical past, mainly Soviet. For 26 years of independence Ukraine has not developed a unified and correct approach to solve this problem. In this article was an attempt to analyze how the annexation of Crimea and the war in Donbas influenced the language problem in Ukraine. The analysis covers four main aspects: everyday life (interpersonal communication), commercial (press market, books and electronic media, advertising), formal and official (functioning of the state, judiciary and education system) and symbolic (identity). Problem języka ukraińskiego na Ukrainie na tle aneksji Krymu i wojny w DonbasieProblem języka ukraińskiego w dyskursie publicznym obecny jest od czasu odzyskania niepodległości przez Ukrainę. Problem jest trudny i złożony, co w znacznym stopniu jest spowodowane przeszłością historyczną, głównie radziecką. Przez 26 lat niepodległości Ukraina nie wypracowała jednolitego i właściwego podejścia do rozwiązania tego problemu. Kwestia językowa jest poważnym wyzwaniem dla państwa ukraińskiego i jednym z ważniejszych problemów ukraińskiej polityki wewnętrznej. Ma ona cztery podstawowe aspekty: codzienny (komunikacja międzyludzka), komercyjny (rynek prasy, książek i mediów elektronicznych, a także reklam), formalno-urzędowy (funkcjonowanie państwa, zwłaszcza sądownictwa i systemu edukacji) oraz symboliczny/tożsamościowy. W artykule podjęto próbę analizy, w jaki sposób aneksja Krymu i wojna w Donbasie wpłynęły na kwestię językową na Ukrainie.
Wieś poleska doby przemian lat trzydziestych XX wieku w ujęciu Józefa Obrębskiego
Authors: Cichoracki Piotr
Published: December 2019

The village in Polesie: Transformations of the 1930s in the view of Józef ObrębskiThe article deals with political and social themes of Józef Obrębski's texts, which were written in the second half of the 1930s and were devoted to Polesie. Obrębski made his ethnosociological research in 1934-1937. It was the last phase of the great depression. Obrębski noted changes in political consciousness of inhabitants of the Polesie village. He described the consequences of the implementation of Polish-language education. He perceived the role and nature of communist influence. He wrote very critically about the attitude and role of local administration representatives. He did not limit himself to listing these problems. Instead, he tried to formulate proposals for activities that would have changed the attitude of inhabitants of Polesie voievodship towards the Polish State. Wieś poleska doby przemian lat trzydziestych XX wieku w ujęciu Józefa ObrębskiegoArtykuł jest poświęcony polityczno-społecznym wątkom tekstów Józefa Obrębskiego, które powstały w drugiej połowie lat trzydziestych i odnoszą się do Polesia. Obrębski prowadził swoje badania etnosocjologiczne w latach 1934-1937. Była to ostatnia faza wielkiego kryzysu. Odnotował przemiany świadomości politycznej mieszkańców poleskiej wsi. Opisywał konsekwencje implementacji polskojęzycznej oświaty. Dostrzegał rolę i charakter wpływów komunistycznych. Bardzo krytycznie wypowiadał się o postawie i roli przedstawicieli lokalnej administracji. Nie ograniczał się do rejestracji tych zjawisk. Próbował formułować propozycje działań, które zmieniłyby stosunek ludności Polesia do państwa polskiego.
Dokument myśli otwartej. Studia poleskie Józefa Obrębskiego a rozważania o grupach etnicznych i stosunkach narodowościowych w polskiej etnologii i socjologii
Authors: Lubaś Marcin
Published: December 2019

A document of open thought: Józef Obrębski’s studies on the Polesie region and debates on ethnic groups and nationality relations in Polish ethnology and sociologyThis article attempts to reconstruct and examine the concept of the ethnic diversity and nationalization process found in the writings of the Polish anthropologist and sociologist Józef Obrębski (1905-1967). It will be argued that Obrębski view on ethnic diversity and the nationalization allowed him not only to conceive of a highly original idea of nation-building process but also maintain a critical distance from the two forms of reflection and practice – “investigative modalities” – influential in the field of ethnic and national studies in prewar as well as in postwar Poland: “ethnogeography” and the “sociology of nation”. In the same time this text aims at underscoring usefulness of Obrębski ideas for contemporary analysis. Close reading of Obrębski works provides us with fresh tools for the ethnographic processual examination of the nationalization policies. It draws special attention to the process of nationalization of local populations, highlighting various and contradictory consequences of nationalization process: integration and homogenisation on the one hand and exclusions of minorities and class hierarchization of people on the other. Dokument myśli otwartej. Studia poleskie Józefa Obrębskiego a rozważania o grupach etnicznych i stosunkach narodowościowych w polskiej etnologii i socjologiiCelem artykułu jest omówienie koncepcji grup etnicznych i procesów unaradawiania wyłaniających się z prac Józefa Obrębskiego. W szczególności chodzi o wykazanie, że swoimi badaniami na Polesiu Obrębski wniósł niezwykle oryginalny wkład w badania stosunków etnicznych i narodowościowych, podając jednocześnie w wątpliwość niektóre założenia tkwiące u podstaw dwu modalności dociekań obecnych w polskich badaniach nad etnicznością i kwestiami narodowymi: czyli etnogeografii oraz socjologii narodu. Jednocześnie tekst służy ukazaniu aktualności propozycji teoretycznych i metodologicznych Obrębskiego w badaniach stosunków etnicznych i narodowościowych. Lektura pism Obrębskiego dostarcza perspektywy umożliwiającej nie tylko krytykę nacjonalizmu metodologicznego ale również daje podstawy do procesualnej, etnograficznej - uwzględniającej mikrostrukturalny wymiar władzy - analizy zjawisk etnicznych i stosunków narodowościowych. Otwiera to możliwość badania różnych niekiedy odmiennych i sprzecznych ze sobą efektów procesów unaradawiania, zarówno integracji i wyrównywania szans jak też konfliktów i wykluczenia społecznego.
Gaining social mobility: Polish migrants in Berlin, 1980-2016
Authors: Szczepaniak-Kroll Agnieszka
Published: December 2019

Gaining social mobility: Polish migrants in Berlin, 1980-2016Social mobility can be both horizontal and vertical. The latter is characterised by movement from a lower social class to a higher one, and with it a change in social status. Upward social mobility appears in different guises; it can pertain to education, occupation, cultural capital, income etc. Until recently, the phenomenon of upward social mobility concerned a small number of emigrant Poles, with “migrants of success” composing only a small minority of a much larger number of Polish migrants in previous years. The accession of Poland to the European Union in 2004, and then to Schengen Zone in 2007, opened new opportunities. This article (based on my ethnological fieldwork) presents different ways that Poles who emigrated to Berlin between 1980 and 2016 managed to enact upward social mobility and the changing characteristics of this migration pattern. Zdobywanie mobilności społecznej: migranci z Polski w Berlinie w latach 1980-2016Awans jest jednym z dwóch rodzajów ruchliwości społecznej pionowej, przejściem z niższej warstwy społecznej do wyższej, powiązanym ze zmianą statusu. Następuje różnymi drogami, wiąże się z wykształceniem, wykonywanym zawodem, prestiżem, dochodami, itd. Jeszcze do niedawna zjawisko to rzadko dotyczyło Polaków udających się na emigrację, „migrantów sukcesu” było niewielu. Nowe możliwości otworzyło przystąpienie Polski do Unii Europejskiej (w 2004 r.), a następnie wejście do strefy Schengen (w 2007 r.). Artykuł (oparty o własne badania jakościowe) przedstawia drogi do awansu społecznego migrantów z lat 1980-2016, na tle zmieniających się uwarunkowań.