bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ali lahko vadba inhibicije ali preklapljanja izboljša kognitivne sposobnosti mladih na prehodu v odraslost?
Authors: Podlesek Anja , Martinčević Marina , Vranić Andrea
Published: May 2021

Izvršilne funkcije omogočajo in podpirajo večino našega vsakdanjega kognitivnega delovanja. Med številnimi izvršilnimi funkcijami raziskovalci najpogosteje kot tri najbolj osnovne opredeljujejo posodabljanje informacij, inhibicijo in preklapljanje. Paradigme kognitivnega treninga predstavljajo način njihovega izboljševanja. Učinkovitost treninga posodabljanja informacij je že precej raziskana, v pričujoči raziskavi pa smo želele preučiti učinkovitost treningov inhibicije in preklapljanja. Mlade na prehodu v odraslost (študente psihologije) smo naključno razdelile v skupino, ki je z izvajanjem Simonove naloge trenirala inhibicijo (n = 36), in skupino, ki je s paradigmo preklapljanja med nalogami trenirala preklapljanje (n = 35). Obe skupini sta skozi štiri tedne izvedli dvanajst 20-minutnih treningov. Predtestna in naknadna merjenja so poleg kriterijskih, tj. treniranih nalog vključevala še naloge bližnjega transfera (tj. naloge, ki vključujejo trenirano funkcijo, a uporabljajo drugačne vrste dražljajev ali pravil odzivanja) in naloge daljnega transfera (tj. naloge, ki vključujejo netrenirane kognitivne funkcije). Nekatere od nalog je reševala tudi kontrolna skupina (n = 36). Pri obeh skupinah s treningom se je v času izboljšala učinkovitost reševanja kriterijske naloge, pri nalogah bližnjega in daljnega transfera pa ni bilo opaziti prepričljivega izboljšanja, ki bi ga lahko pripisali izključno treningu. Raziskava je opozorila na konceptualne težave treniranja izvršilnih funkcij, vezane na vzorec mladih nadpovprečno kognitivno sposobnih odraslih, motivacijske elemente treninga in vlogo izvršilnih funkcij v zahtevnih vsakodnevnih aktivnostih.
Napovedniki učinkovitosti treninga v različnih fazah treninga n-nazaj
Authors: Vranić Andrea , Martinčević Marina , Prpić Vedran
Published: May 2021

Številne raziskave so preučevale učinkovitost različnih kognitivnih treningov, pri čemer je bil delovni spomin najpogosteje trenirana kognitivna funkcija. Največ pozornosti so bili deležni izvršilni vidiki delovnega spomina in pri tem je bilo še posebej temeljito raziskano posodabljanje informacij. V pričujoči raziskavi smo z uporabo dobro uveljavljene paradigme, tj. paradigme n-nazaj, želeli preučiti, kakšen je prispevek fluidne inteligentnosti oz. sklepanja (gf) in osebnosti (nevroticizma in vestnosti) k učinkovitosti treninga posodabljanja informacij. Udeleženci (N = 47) so v 15 seansah skozi 4 tedne izvajali trening z nalogo dvojnega n-nazaj. Pred treningom smo s testom CFT-3 izmerili njihovo sposobnost fluidnega sklepanja, s testom IPIP-100 njihovo osebnost, reševali pa so tudi nalogo obsega operativnega spomina (t. i. nalogo OSPAN). OSPAN smo izmerili še v treh dodatnih časovnih točkah (po 5., 10. in 15. seansi treninga). Podatke smo analizirali s postopki večnivojskega modeliranja. Prvotna hipoteza je bila delno potrjena: (1) trening je bil učinkovit, saj je dosežek na nalogi OSPAN s časom linearno naraščal, naraščanje pa je bilo podobno pri različnih udeležencih; (2) čeprav je bila funkcija naraščanja dosežka pri različnih udeležencih podobna, smo našli medosebne razlike v presečiščih; (3) te razlike smo lahko delno pojasnili z medosebnimi razlikami v sposobnosti fluidnega sklepanja, ne pa tudi z razlikami v osebnostnih potezah vestnosti in nevroticizma.
Razvoj računalniškega treninga vidne pozornosti in preverjanje njegove učinkovitosti pri zdravih mladostnikih
Authors: Alič Lea , Podlesek Anja
Published: May 2021

Vidno pozornost, ki je pomembna kognitivna funkcija, saj pomaga izbrati relevantno in fi ltrirati nerelevantno informacijoiz vidnega prizora, je mogoče z urjenjem izboljšati. V raziskavi smo razvili računalniški trening fokusirane in razpršene pozornostiter preklapljanja pozornosti med globalnim in lokalnim procesiranjem informacij in preverili njegovo učinkovitost pri zdravihmladostnikih. V eksperimentalni skupini (n = 11) so dijaki športne gimnazije šest tednov trikrat na teden po 20 minut reševali nalogeza treniranje vidne pozornosti. Po koncu vsakega srečanja so dobili povratno informacijo o uspešnosti in so spremljali svoj napredek.Njihovi vrstniki v kontrolni skupini (n = 10) v tem času niso prejeli nobene intervencije. Za preverjanje učinkov treninga pozornostiso udeleženci obeh skupin pred in po treningu rešili različne kognitivne teste, med katerimi so bili nekateri bolj, drugi manj podobnitreniranim nalogam. V primerjavi s kontrolno skupino so se v eksperimentalni skupini v večji meri skrajšali časi reagiranja natestu selektivne pozornosti in lokalno-globalnega procesiranja, medtem ko pri drugih uporabljenih kognitivnih testih nismo zaznalikonsistentnih učinkov treninga. Rezultati so torej pokazali, da razviti trening lahko izboljša izbrane vidike vidne pozornosti, vendarje njegov učinek, skladno z večino ugotovitev o kognitivnih treningih v literaturi, omejen in se izboljša uspešnost reševanja le nanalogah, ki so zelo podobne treniranim.
Učinkovitost računalniškega kognitivnega treninga v domovih starejših občanov
Authors: Marušič Uroš , Milič Žepič Zdenka , Kavčič Vojko
Published: May 2021

Ohranjanje in krepitev fizičnega in kognitivnega zdravja je pri starejših osebah izziv, še posebej pri tistih, ki so podvržene pospešenim starostnim ali nevrodegenerativnim spremembam. Obstoječe nefarmakološke intervencije lahko stabilizirajo ali upočasnijo kognitivni upad, vendar se učinkovite preventivne tretmaje, ki bi zakasnili pojavnost simptomov, še raziskuje. Eden izmed nefarmakoloških tretmajev je kognitivni trening. Namen naše raziskave je bil oceniti izvedljivost in učinkovitost kognitivnega treninga z nalogo prostorske navigacije pri stanovalcih domov starejših občanov. Enaintrideset stanovalcev (povprečna starost 81,6 leta, razpon 69–94 let; povprečna ocena MoCA 22,8 točke, razpon 17–27; 7 moških) je bilo naključno razporejenih v kontrolno skupino ali intervencijsko skupino. Slednja je bila vključena v dvomesečni kognitivni trening (2-krat tedensko; skupaj 16 treningov), v katerem so udeleženci vadili učenje virtualnega labirinta. Vsi udeleženci raziskave so bili merjeni pred in po intervenciji na nevropsihološki ocenjevalni bateriji testov. Udeleženci kontrolne skupine niso prejeli nobene posebne obravnave in so tako sodelovali le na »pred in po« meritvah. Pomembne izboljšave so bile ugotovljene le pri Reyjevem testu slušno-besednega učenja (AVLT), kjer so udeleženci v intervencijski skupini značilno izboljšali svoj rezultat v primerjavi s kontrolno skupino. Kljub omejeni učinkovitosti kognitivnega treninga je bila naša intervencija izvedljiva in pozitivno sprejeta s strani večine udeležencev. Nadaljnje raziskave bi morale ovrednotiti dolgoročne učinke kognitivnega treninga na druge funkcionalne sposobnosti in aktivnosti vsakodnevnega življenja. Na splošno naša raziskava ponuja empirične dokaze, da je kognitivni trening sprejemljiv za stanovalce domov za starejše občane, in kar je najpomembneje, da lahko izboljša mnemonične kognitivne sposobnosti.
Capacité des chèvres laitières à pâturer des prairies temporaires multiespèces
Authors: DELAGARDE Rémy , CAILLAT Hugues , CHARPENTIER Alexia
Published: May 2021

Miser sur le pâturage peut renforcer la durabilité des élevages caprins laitiers, mais les capacités d’adaptation des chèvres laitières hautes productrices à différentes pratiques de gestion du pâturage sur prairies temporaires sont mal connues. Cet article fait le point sur les travaux expérimentaux récents menées par INRAE en Bretagne et Nouvelle-Aquitaine entre 2015 et 2018, portant sur les facteurs de variation de l’ingestion d’herbe, de la production laitière et du comportement alimentaire des chèvres de race Alpine en pâturage rationné, dans des conditions de prairies temporaires de bonne qualité, avec peu de compléments (600 g/j de concentrés, avec ou sans 400 g/j de fourrage déshydraté). Après avoir validé les méthodes d’estimation de l’ingestion individuelle et de la durée d’ingestion, nous avons montré i) qu’un troupeau qui n’est jamais sorti à l’herbe apprend en quelques jours à pâturer de façon active, ii) que les chèvres s’adaptent bien à une restriction du temps d’accès jusqu’à 6-7 h par jour, en concentrant fortement leurs activités de pâturage et sans affecter leurs performances, iii) que lorsque le temps d’accès au pâturage n’est pas limité, il faut offrir au moins 2,5 kg MS/chèvre/jour d’herbe au-dessus de 4 cm pour ne pas limiter l’ingestion et la production des chèvres, iv) que la suppression de l’abreuvement durant les 8 h de pâturage journalier ne modifie ni le comportement ni la production laitière des chèvres, même en cas de fortes chaleurs, et v) que les chèvres primipares ingèrent moins et moins vite que les chèvres multipares en raison de leur plus petit format, mais autant lorsque l’ingestion est rapportée au poids vif. En conclusion, les chèvres laitières montrent de très bonnes capacités à pâturer des prairies temporaires multiespèces en maintenant un niveau d’ingestion et de production laitière élevés.
Imaging the Morphological Structure of Silk Fibroin Constructs Through Fluorescence Energy Transfer and Confocal Imaging
Authors: Bucciarelli Alessio , Quaranta Alberto , Maniglio Devid
Published: May 2021

Silk fibroin is a well-known biopolymer used in several applications in which the interaction with biological tissue is required. In fact, fibroin is extremely versatile and can be shaped to form several constructs useful in tissue engineering applications. Confocal imaging is usually per-formed to test the cells behaviour on the construct and in this context the fibroin autofluorescence is regarded as a problem. In addition, the autofluorescence is not intense enough to provide useful morphological images. In fact, to control study the constructs morphology other techniques are used (i.e. SEM, Micro-CT). In this work we propose a method based on the fluorescence energy transfer (FRET) to suppress the fibroin autofluorescence moving it to higher wavelength accessible to the confocal microscopy for a direct imaging.
Sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis L.) – An Underutilized Crop With a Great Potential
Authors: Kodahl Nete - , Sørensen Marten -
Published: May 2021

Plukenetia volubilis is an underutilized oilseed crop native to the Amazon basin, where it has been utilised by humans since Incan times. The large seeds contain approx. 45–50 % lipid, of which approx. 35.2–50.8 % is α-linolenic acid (C18:3 n-3, ω-3) and approx. 33.4–41.0 % is linoleic acid (C18:2 n-6, ω-6), the two essential fatty acids required by humans. The seeds also contain 22–30 % protein and have antioxidant properties. Due to its excellent nutritional composition and good agronomic properties, it has attracted increasing attention in recent years, and cultivation is expanding. When considering current global challenges, a reformation of our food systems is imperative in order to ensure food security, mitigation of climate change, and alleviation of malnutrition. For this purpose, underutilized crops may be essential tools, which can provide agricultural hardiness and reduced need for external inputs, climate resilience, diet diversification, and improved income opportunities for smallholders. Plukenetia volubilis is a promising up and coming crop in this regard and has considerable potential for further domestication; it has an exceptional oil composition, good sensory acceptability, is well suited for cultivation, and has numerous potential applications in, e.g. gastronomy, medicine, and cosmetics.
Changes in Overall Survival Over Time for Patients With de Novo Metastatic Breast Cancer
Authors: Iwase Toshiaki , Shrimanker Tushaar Vishal , Rodriguez-Bautista Ruben , Sahin Onur , James Anjali , Wu Jimin , Shen Yu , Ueno Naoto T
Published: May 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine the change in overall survival (OS) for patients with de novo metastatic breast cancer (dnMBC) over time. We conducted a retrospective cohort study with 1981 patients with dnMBC diagnosed between January 1995 and December 2017 at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center. OS was measured from the date of diagnosis of dnMBC. OS was compared between patients diagnosed during different time periods: 5-year periods and periods defined according to when key agents were approved for clinical use. The median OS was 3.4 years. The 5- and 10-year OS rates improved over time across both types of time periods. A subgroup analysis showed that OS improved significantly over time for the estrogen-receptor-positive/HER2-positive (ER+/HER2+) subtype, and exhibited a tendency toward improvement over time for the ER-negative (ER-)/HER2+ subtype. Median OS was significantly longer in patients with non-inflammatory breast cancer (P = .02) and in patients with ER+ disease, progesterone-receptor-positive disease, HER2+ disease, lower nuclear grade, locoregional therapy, and metastasis to a single organ (all P <.0001). These findings showed that OS at 5 and 10 years after diagnosis in patients with dnMBC improved over time. The significant improvements in OS over time for the ER+/HER2+ subtype and the tendency toward improvement for ER-/HER2+ subtype suggest the contribution of HER2-targeted therapy to survival.
Submerged Speleothems and Sea Level Reconstructions: A Global Overview and New Results from the Mediterranean Sea
Authors: Antonioli Fabrizio , Furlani Stefano , Montagna Paolo , Stocchi Paolo , Calcagnile Lucio , Quarta Gianluca , Cecchinel Jonatan , Lo Presti Valeria , Morticelli Maurizio Gasparo , Foresta Martin Franco , Vaccher Valeria
Published: May 2021

This study presents a world review as well as new additional data in form of submerged speleothems that are used for paleo sea level reconstructions. Speleothems significantly contributed to the understanding of the global and regional sea level variations during the Middle and Late Quaternary. The studied speleothems cover the last 1.4 Myr and are focused mainly on Marine Isotope Stages (MIS) 1, 2, 3, 5.1, 5.3, 5.5, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3 and 7.5. Results reveal that submerged speleothems represent extraordinary archives providing detailed information on former sea level changes. We present also new results from stalactites collected in central Mediterranean sea, at Favignana and Ustica islands (Sicily, Italy), both characterized by continental, phreatic or marine layers. The study and analysis of the latter speleothems provide results of great interest for relative sea level changes over the last 1000 years.
Implying Association Rule Mining and Market Basket Analysis for Knowing Consumer Behavior and Buying Pattern in Lockdown - A Data Mining Approach
Authors: Sinha Anurag
Published: May 2021

Buyer practices have changed as individuals are figuring out how to live with the new truth of COVID-19. Take-out and conveyance orders have expanded, and our customer has added new items to their menu because of new client inclinations. With every one of the continuous changes, the customer had numerous unanswered inquiries, for example, Smartbridge has broad involvement with café innovation development Café TECHNOLOGY CAPABILITIES :Are the most famous items as yet unchanged after COVID? :Which are the most sold item blends now? :What is the acknowledgment of new things? :What are clients purchasing alongside new things? :How have liquor deals changed? The customer previously had reports that followed item deals and operational measurements, notwithstanding, there was a need to get a more profound knowledge into item examination. The customer expected to recognize what items and introductions were being sold all the more frequently, measure the acknowledgment of new items, and figure out what items clients buy together to improve advertising efforts, advancements, and deals. he E-business industry is filling immensely in the Indian market. The modest 4G web bundles in India clearly gives a push to these ventures. Thus, as Covid19 first hit in Quite a while, individuals got terrified to go out from their homes in light of the fact that, in their mind, it's a dread of Covid. They even wonder whether or not to go out to purchase fundamental (FMCG) products. Frenzy purchasing additionally has seen and to stay away from this dread of COVID-19, individuals are offering inclinations to the E-Commerce destinations to purchase fundamental products and a few clients are new which joined to purchase fundamental merchandise during this Pandemic Lockdown period. Numerous clients are moving their purchasing conduct from disconnected retail locations to online stores. This paper examines the customer buying pattern during lockdown.
Converter-driven Stability Analysis of Power Systems Integrated with Hybrid Renewable Energy Sources
Authors: Luo Jianqiang , Zou Yiqing , Bu Siqi
Published: May 2021

Various renewable energy sources such as wind power and photovoltaic (PV) have been increasingly integrated into the power system through power electronic converters in recent years. However, power electronic converter-driven stability issues under specific circumstances, for instance, modal resonances might deteriorate the dynamic performance of the power systems or even threaten the overall stability. In this paper, the integration impact of a hybrid renewable energy source (HRES) system on modal interaction and converter-driven stability is investigated in an IEEE 16-machine 68-bus power system. Firstly, an HRES system is introduced, which consists of full converter-based wind power generation (FCWG) and full converter-based photovoltaic generation (FCPV). The equivalent dynamic models of FCWG and FCPV are then established, followed by the linearized state-space modeling. On this basis, converter-driven stability analyses are performed to reveal the modal resonance mechanisms of the interconnected power systems and the modal interaction phenomenon. Additionally, time-domain simulations are conducted to verify effectiveness of dynamic models and support the converter-driven stability analysis results. To avoid detrimental modal resonances, an optimization strategy is further proposed by retuning the controller parameters of the HRES system. The overall results demonstrate the modal interaction effect between external AC power system and the HRES system and its various impacts on converter-driven stability.
Physical Effectiveness of Safety Interventions in Fire Engines to Reduce Potential Airborne Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 (COFIRE)
Authors: Bourdon Elmar , Schaefer Thomas , Kittel Maximilian , Raedle Matthias , Heininger Alexandra
Published: May 2021

Physical distancing and wearing a face mask are key interventions to prevent COVID-19. While this remains difficult to practice for millions of firefighters in fire engines responding to emergencies, the delayed forthcoming of evidence on the physical effectiveness of such safety interventions in this setting presents a major problem. In this field experimental study, we provided initial evidence to close this gap. We examined total aerosol burden in the cabin of a fire engine whilst manipulating crew size, natural ventilation, use of FFP2 respirators and use of SCBA full-face masks during 15-minute driving periods. At the same time, we controlled for crew activity and speaking, vehicle speed, cabin air temperature, pressure and humidity. Limiting the crew size, using FFP2 respirators and not donning SCBA full-face masks was associated with a reduction of the arithmetic mean of total aerosol burden of up to 49%. Natural ventilation as tested in this study was associated with both an increase and a decrease of total aerosol burden. This study provided initial evidence on the physical effectiveness of safety interventions in fire engines to reduce potential airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2 through aerosols. More research about the physical and clinical effectiveness of such safety interventions is needed.
Relaying Aversive USVs Alarm Calls Depends on the Previous Experience. Empathy, Social Buffering or Panic?
Authors: Karwicka Wiktoria , Wiatrowska Marta , Kondrakiewicz Kacper , Knapska Ewelina , Kursa Miron Bartosz , Hamed Adam
Published: May 2021

Abstract: Ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs) are one of the evolutionarily oldest forms of animal communication. In order to study the communication architecture in an aversive social situation, we used a behavioral model in which one animal, the observer, is witnessing as his cagemate, the demonstrator, is experiencing a series of mild electrical foot-shocks (aversive stimuli). We studied the effect of foot-shocks experience in the observer and the influence of a warning sound (emit-ted shortly before the shock is applied) on USVs communication. These experiments revealed that such a warning seems to increase the arousal level, which differentiates the responses depending on previous experience. It can be identified by the emission of characteristic, short 22-kHz calls, of a duration below 100 ms. Furthermore, by analyzing temporally overlapping USVs, we found that in ‘Warned’ pairs with a naive observer, 22-kHz were mixed with 50-kHz calls. This fact, combined with a high fraction of very high-pitched 50-kHz calls (over 75-kHz), suggests the presence of the phenomenon of social buffering. On the other hand, in ‘Warned’ pairs with an experienced observer, pure 22-kHz overlaps were mostly found, signifying possible fear contagion with dis-tress sharing. Hence the importance of differentiating 22-kHz calls to long and short.
Exploring Predictability in Armed Conflict
Authors: McCullin David E.
Published: May 2021

This article proposes a direct relationship between complexity and predictability in a two-agent noncooperative zero-sum game (2XZSG). The author explores this proposition by modeling armed conflict as a 2XZSG and using case studies in armed conflict as the dataset for the systematic literature review. This article uses a multiple case study approach, systematically reviewing 13 case studies in armed conflict that yielded 156 references identifying four themes—environmental, human resource, operational, and supply chain constraints—that demonstrate a direct relationship between complexity and predictability. The data focuses on decisions made in particular battles and campaigns as well as the constraints that impacted decision making. By identifying those decisions and constraints, four themes emerged. These four themes are an innovation as a potential addendum to the war gaming methodology in the military decision making process (MDMP).
Reducing Residual Oil Saturation: Underlying Mechanism of Imbibition in Oil Recovery Enhancement of Tight Reservoir
Authors: Xu Guoqing , Han Yujiao , Jiang Yun , Shi Yang , Wang Mingxian , Zeng XingHang
Published: May 2021

Spontaneous imbibition (SI) is regarded as an effective method to improve the oil recovery in a tight sandstone reservoir, which leads to a significant change in fracturing design and flowback treatment. However, a longtime shut-in period would aggravate the retention of fracturing fluid, which is in contradiction with high production in the field. It is imperative to understand how SI works during shut-in time, so as to maximize the effect of imbibition in oil recovery enhancement. In this study, a series of experiments were conducted to simulate the status of residual oil saturation so that the inner mechanism of imbibition on oil recovery can be investigated. Low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR) was used to provide direct observation of phase changes in different pore sizes. The experimental results show a positive effect of imbibition on residual oil reduction. This phenomenon further elucidates the observations made during the well shut-in, soaking period, and low flowback efficiency. This study aims to understand the mechanism of SI behavior and help to improve the accuracy of production prediction.
Building an Integrated Drilling Geomechanics Model Using a Machine-Learning-Assisted Poro-Elasto-Plastic Finite Element Method
Authors: AlBahrani Hussain , Papamichos Euripides , Morita Nobuo
Published: May 2021

The petroleum industry has long relied on predrilling geomechanics models to generate static representations of the allowable mud weight limits. These models rely on simplifying assumptions such as linear elasticity, a uniform wellbore shape, and generalized failure criteria to predict failure and determine a safe mud weight. These assumptions lead to inaccurate results, and they fail to reflect the effect of different routing drilling events. Thus, this paper’s main objective is to improve the process for predicting the wellbore rock failure while drilling. This work overcomes the limitations by using a new and integrated modeling scheme.

Wellbore failure prediction is improved through the use of an integrated modeling scheme that involves an elasto-plastic finite element method (FEM) model, machine learning (ML) algorithms, and real-time drilling data, such as image logs from a logging while drilling (LWD) tool that accurately describes the current shape of the wellbore. Available offset well data are modeled in the FEM code and are then used to train the ML algorithms. The produced integrated model of FEM and ML is used to predict failure limits for new wells. This improved failure prediction can be updated with the occurrence of different drilling events such as induced fractures and wellbore enlargements. The values are captured from real-time data and reflected in the integrated model to produce a dynamic representation of the drilling window.

The integrated modeling scheme was first applied to laboratory experimental results to provide a proof of concept and validation. This application showed improvement in rock-failure prediction when compared with conventional failure criteria such as Mohr-Coulomb. Also, offset-well data from wireline logging and drilling records are used to train and build a field-based integrated model, which is then used to show that the model output for a separate test well reasonably matches the drilling events from the test well. Application of this integrated model highlights how the allowable mud-weight limits can vary because drilling progresses in a manner that cannot be captured by the conventional predrilling models.

As illustrated by a field case, the improvement in failure prediction through this modeling scheme can help avoid nonproductive time events such as wellbore enlargements, hole cleaning issues, pack-offs, stuck-pipe, and lost circulation. This efficiency is to be achieved by a real-time implementation of the model where it responds to drilling events as they occur. Also, this model enables engineers to take advantage of available data that are not routinely used by drilling.
LEDGF/p75 is Required for an Efficient DNA Damage Response
Authors: Liedtke Victoria , Schröder Christian , Roggenbuck Dirk , Weiss Romano , Stohwasser Ralf , Schierack Peter , Rödiger Stefan , Schenk Lysann
Published: May 2021

BackgroundLens epithelium derived growth factor splice variant of 75 kDa (LEDGF/p75), is overexpressed in different solid cancers and cancer cell lines and various autoinflammatory diseases. Due to its ability to bind chromatin, it acts as a transcriptional co-activator and promotes anti-apoptotic signalling pathways that lead to increased tumour aggressiveness and resistance to chemotherapy. The role of LEDGF/p75 in DNA-damage repair (DDR) is still not completely elucidated particularly regarding the ubiquitin-dependent regulation and degradation of DDR signalling molecules.MethodsDifferent LEDGF model cell lines were generated, a complete knock-out of LEDGF (KO) as well as the re-expression of LEDGF/p75 or LEDGF/p52 using CRISPR/Cas9 technology. Then, various assays were performed to determine their proliferation and migration capacity as well as their chemosensitivity. Moreover, DDR signalling pathways were investigated by western blot and immunofluorescence.ResultsLEDGF-deficient cells exhibited a decreased proliferation (dt (WT) = 21 h, dt (KO) = 26 h) , 60 % decreased migration, as well as an 30-50 % increased sensitivity towards the topoisomerase II inhibitor etoposide. Moreover, LEDGF depleted cells showed a significant reduction by 65 % in the recruitment of downstream DDR-related proteins like replication protein A 32 kDa subunit (RPA32) after exposure to etoposide. Re-expression of LEDGF/p75 rescued all knock-out effects, while re-expression of LEDGF/p52 had no effect.Surprisingly, untreated LEDGF KO cells showed an increased amount of DNA fragmentation combined with an increased formation of γH2AX and Breast cancer type 1 susceptibility protein (BRCA1). In contrast, the protein levels of ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme UBC13 and nuclear proteasome activator PA28γ were substantially reduced upon LEDGF KO. ConclusionsThis study provides evidence that LEDGF is not only an important player in the DDR after chemotherapeutic treatments but is also involved in the maintenance of the general genome integrity. Moreover, this study provides for the first time an insight into the possible role of LEDGF in the ubiquitin-dependent regulation of DDR signalling molecules and highlights the involvement of LEDGF/p75 in homology-directed DNA repair.
On the Binarization of Grey Wolf Optimizer‎: ‎A Novel Binary Optimizer Algorithm
Authors: Roayaei Mehdy
Published: May 2021

‎Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO) is a population-based evolutionary algorithm inspired by the hunting behaviour of grey wolves‎. ‎GWO‎, ‎in its basic form‎, ‎is a real coded algorithm‎, ‎therefore‎, ‎it needs modifications to deal with binary optimization problems‎. ‎In this paper‎, ‎we review previous works on binarization of GWO‎, ‎and classify them with respect to their encoding scheme‎, ‎updating strategy‎, ‎and transfer function‎. ‎Then‎, ‎we propose a novel binary GWO algorithm (named SetGWO)‎, ‎which is based on set encoding and uses set operations in its updating strategy‎. ‎Experimental results on different real-world combinatorial optimization problems and different datasets‎, ‎show that SetGWO outperforms other existing binary GWO algorithms in terms of quality of solutions‎, ‎running time‎, ‎and scalability‎.
Inhibiting mTOR enhanced Cardiac STAT3 Phosphorylation at Site Ser 727 and Attenuated Myocardial Ischemia Reperfusion Injury in Diabetic Rats
Authors: Xie Xiang , Zhao Zhongbao , Liu Danyong , Zhang Dengwen , He Yi , Zhang Liangqing , Lin Han , Wang Sheng , Xia Zhengyuan
Published: May 2021

Background Reduced levels of myocardial STAT3 activity in diabetic hearts may contribute to the increased susceptibility to ischemia-reperfusion injury (I/RI). The protein mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) can regulate metabolism and cell processes and plays major roles in the dynamics of I/RI. However, the role of mTOR in regulation of myocardial STAT3 and thereby affect myocardial I/RI in diabetes at relatively late stages of the disease is unknown. Methods Diabetes was induced by Streptozotocin in Sprague-Dawley rats. Myocardial I/RI was achieved with coronary occlusion for 30 minutes and reperfusion for 2 hours in absence or presence of the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin. In vitro cardiomyocyte hypoxia/re-oxygenation (H/R) was established within H9C2 cells. Results In diabetic rats, the levels of troponin-I (Tn-I), lipid peroxidation products 15-F2t-Isoprostane (15-F2t-Iso) and MDA, and the expression of protein mTOR were all significantly increased,and SOD releasing, the expression of protein phosphorylation of STAT3(p-STAT3-Ser727) were both significantly decreased compared to non-diabetic rats. Myocardial I/RI significantly increased the infract size (IS) and further increased the mTOR activation and decreased p-STAT3-Ser727 compared to diabetic rats. The selective mTOR inhibitor rapamycin reversed these changes and conferred cardioprotective effect. In H9C2 cells, high glucose (HG) significantly increased lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) release, apoptosis cells, ROS release, activation of mTOR, and decreased p-STAT3-Ser727. H/R further increased cellular injury, mTOR knock-down significantly reduced H/R injury. Conclusion Myocardial mTOR was enhanced in diabetes and contributed to I/RI. mTOR inhibition attenuated myocardial I/RI through increasing p-STAT3-Ser727.
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist combined with hormone replacement therapy improves pregnancy outcome in intrauterine adhesion
Authors: Mo Meilan , Zheng Qizhen , Zhang Hongzhan , Xu Shiru , Xu Fen , Wang Yan , Zeng Yong
Published: May 2021

Objective: This retrospective study aimed to explore the optimal endometrial preparation method in women with intrauterine adhesions (IUAs).Method: A total of 882 frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET) cycles were categorized into three groups based on endometrial preparation methods: hormone replacing therapy cycle (HRT, n=636), natural cycle (NC n=174), and HRT with GnRH-a pretreatment (HRT+GnRH-a, n=72. Logistic regression was performed to investigate the association between cycle regimens and pregnancy outcomes. Subgroup analysis of IUAs combined with thin endometrium (≤7mm) was also performed.Results: HRT with GnRH-a pretreatment was associated with higher incidences of clinical pregnancy, ongoing pregnancy, and live birth, but lower early miscarriage compared with either HRT or NC. Logistic regression indicated that after controlling for potential confounders, the incidences of live birth (HRT+GnRH-a as reference; NC: aOR=0.577, 95%CI 0.304-1.093; HRT: aOR=0.434, 95%CI 0.247-0.765) and ongoing pregnancy (NC: aOR=0.614, 95%CI 0.324-1.165; HRT: aOR=0.470, 95%CI 0.267-0.829) remained significantly higher in HRT+GnRH-a compared to those in HRT, but comparable to those in NC. While there was no significant difference with respect to the clinical pregnancy rate (NC: aOR=0.695, 95%CI 0.374-1.291; HRT: aOR=0.650, 95%CI 0.374-1.127) and early miscarriage rate (NC: aOR=1.734, 95%CI 0.417-7.175; HRT: aOR=2.594, 95%CI 0.718-9.378) between groups. Subgroup analysis suggested there was no priority of endometrial preparation method in IUAs combined with thin endometrium.Conclusion: HRT with GnRH-a pretreatment improves pregnancy outcomes in women with history of IUAs. GnRH-a may restore the endometrial receptivity in the FET cycles in IUAs.
Rapid Deployment of A Community Engagement Study And Educational Trial Via Social Media: Implementation of The UC-COVID Study
Authors: Wisk Lauren E , Buhr Russell G.
Published: May 2021

Background: In response to the COVID-19 pandemic and associated adoption of scarce resource allocation (SRA) policies, we sought to rapidly deploy a novel survey to ascertain community values and preferences for SRA, and to test the utility of a brief intervention to improve knowledge of and values alignment with a new SRA policy. Given social distancing and precipitous evolution of the pandemic, Internet enabled recruitment was deemed the best method to engage a community-based sample. We quantify the efficiency and acceptability of this Internet-based recruitment for engaging a trial cohort and describe the approach used for implementing a health-related trial entirely online using off-the-shelf tools.Methods: We recruited 1,971 adult participants (≥18 years) via engagement with community partners and organizations and outreach through direct and social media messaging. We quantified response rate and participant characteristics of our sample, examine sample representativeness, and evaluate potential non-response bias. Results: Recruitment was similarly derived from direct referral from partner organizations and broader social media based outreach, with extremely low study entry from organic (non-invited) search activity. Of social media platforms, Facebook was the highest yield recruitment source. Bot activity was present but minimal and identifiable through meta-data and engagement behavior. Recruited participants differed from broader populations in terms of sex, ethnicity, and education, but had similar prevalence of chronic conditions. Retention was satisfactory, with entrance into the first follow-up survey for 61% of those invited. Conclusions: We demonstrate that rapid recruitment into a longitudinal intervention trial via social media is feasible, efficient, and acceptable. Recruitment in conjunction with community partners representing target populations, and with outreach across multiple platforms, is recommended to optimize sample size and diversity. Trial implementation, engagement tracking, engagement and retention are feasible with off-the-shelf tools using preexisting platforms.Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov registration NCT04373135.
Design analysis of multi sample-single analyte Surface Plasmon Resonance Biosensor based on D-Shape Photonic Crystal Fiber
Authors: Gupta Ankur , Gadia Rohit , Singh Ankit , Singh Rajat Kumar , Tiwari Akhilesh
Published: May 2021

This paper deals with the analysis of a Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) based D-Shape Photonic Crystal Fiber (PCF) Biosensor for the detection of multi-molecules present in a single analyte or simultaneous detection of more than one samples of an analyte. A spatially distributed bi-metallic layer of plasmonic metals (Silver and Gold) are deposited on the outer flat surface of a D-shaped PCF. Two metals generate two resonance peaks corresponding to a specific sample of an analyte. The analytes are floated on to the flat surface of D-shaped PCF. The mode analysis of proposed sensor is done using Finite Element Method (FEM) with Perfectly Matched Layer (PML). In this study, it can be seen that spatially distributed bimetallic layers can detect more than one sample of analyte simultaneously. The different dimensions of spatially distributed bimetallic SPR based D-Shape PCF sensor are also optimized with respect to centre-hole diameter, first air hole ring diameter, metal layer thickness and the depth of D-shape. It is also observed that the two SPR wavelengths can be controlled slightly by varying these parameters. It has been seen that for some optimal set of dimensions with the same sensitivity, the confinement loss of the plasmonic peaks is more. This property may be useful in the applications, where one can sense more than two molecules or more than two samples for the single analyte.
Optimization of the Spent Activated Carbon Regeneration with the Radical Based Advanced Oxidation Processes: Preference of the Most Suitable Process by PROMETHEE Approach
Authors: Genç Nevim , Durna Elif , KACIRA Esin
Published: May 2021

In this study, regeneration of spent granular activated carbon (GAC) with reactive dye by hydroxyl and sulfate radical based advanced oxidation processes (Microwave (MW) + Persulfate (PS)), (Fe(II) + PS), and (O3 + H2O2) were evaluated. The adsorption of the dye to the GAC surface was characterized by chemisorption and Langmuir isotherm. Regeneration processes have been optimized by the Response Surface Methodology to determine the operating conditions that will provide the highest adsorptive capacity. The optimum conditions of (MW + PS), (Fe (II) + PS), and (O3 + H2O2) processes were (process PS anion of 45.52 g/L, pH of 11.4, MW power of 126 W, duration of 14.56 min), ( Fe (II) of 3.58 g/L, PS anion of 73.5 g/L, duration of 59.8 min, pH of 10.9) and (H2O2 of 2.8 mole/L, ozone dose of 98%, duration of 32.8 min, pH of 5.3), respectively. For (MW + PS), (Fe (II) + PS), and (O3 + H2O2) processes, the adsorptive capacity under optimum conditions were found as 4.36, 8.89 and 8.12 mg dye / g GAC respectively. For (Fe (II) + PS) and (O3 + H2O2) processes these values are approximately equal to the adsorptive capacity of raw GAC (8.01 mg dye / g GAC). The predicted values of the adsorption capacities by the obtained models were in good agreement with the actual experimental results. PROMETHEE approach was used in the preference of the appropriate regeneration process. The adsorptive capacity of regenerated GAC, operating cost of the regeneration process, change in the adsorptive capacity during the regeneration cycle and carbon mass loss criteria were taken into account. The order of preference of regeneration processes was determined as (Fe (II) + PS)> (MW + PS)> (O3 + H2O2) considering all criteria.
Assessing the stability of Pd-exchanged sites in zeolites with the aid of a high throughput quantum chemistry workflow
Authors: Aljama Hassan , Head-Gordon Martin , Bell Alexis
Published: May 2021

Cation exchanged-zeolites are functional materials with a wide range of applications from catalysis to sorbents. They present a challenge for computational studies using density functional theory due to the numerous possible active sites. From Al configuration, to placement of extra framework cation(s), to potentially different oxidation states of the cation, accounting for all these possibilities is not trivial. To make the number of calculations more tractable, most studies focus on a few active sites. We attempt to go beyond these limitations by implementing a workflow for a high throughput screening, designed to systematize the problem and exhaustively search for feasible active sites. We use Pd-exchanged CHA and BEA to illustrate the approach. After conducting thousands of individual calculations, we identify the sites most favorable for the Pd cation and discuss the results in detail. The high throughput screening identifies many energetically favorable sites that are non-trivial. Lastly, we employ these results to examine NO adsorption in Pd-exchanged CHA, which is a promising passive NOx adsorbent (PNA) during the cold start of automobiles. The results shed light on critical active sites for NOx capture that were not previously studied.
Applying the Super-EBM Model and Spatial Durbin Model to Examining Total Factor Ecological Efﬁciency From a Multi-Dimensional Perspective: Evidence From China
Authors: Chengyu Li , Yongmei Zhang , Shiqiang Zhang , Jianmei Wang
Published: May 2021

Ecological efficiency mainly emphasizes the importance of balancing the relationship between natural resources,energy,ecological environment and economic growth, which has aroused widespread concern in the world.China's rapid economic development has inevitably accompanied by serious resource exhaustion,environmental pollution and ecological deterioration in the past several decades,which has brought huge challenges to China's sustainable development.Therefore, establishing the evaluation framework of total-factor ecological efficiency (TFEE) and identifying its driving force has great significance for improving China's sustainable development capabilities.Firstly, a ecological efficiency evaluation framework is established based on the theory of total factor analysis.Secondly,establishing the Super-efficient hybrid distance model consider undesirable output,and measuring the total-factor ecological efficiency of nationwide,30 provinces and four regions during the period 2003–2017.Finally, the spatial effect of total-factor ecological efficiency and its driving factor are examined by using a Spatial Durbin model. The empirical results show that: (1)The efficiency measurement results show that the TFEE of China overall and regional showed different degrees of decline during the study period.There are significant differences among 30 provinces and four regions.Beijing,Tianjin,Shanghai are efficient,and the other provinces has not been effective.The TFEE of four region's are not achieve effective,and shows the distribution pattern of the eastern > northeast > central > western .(2)Moran’s I index show that the TFEE in nationwide has a positive spatial autocorrelation,and showing a strong spatial agglomeration.However,the spatial distribution pattern of TFEE in China was unstable and easy to change;Moran scatter plot indicates that china's provincial TFEE has not only spatial dependence characteristics, but also spatial differences in spatial correlation.(3)Most factors are bound up with TFEE in various degree, in which, TP,JJ and HC play a positive in TFEE ,and IS,CITY, and EI play a negative role in TFEE. Furthermore,ER show U type of relationship with TFEE.GDP and FDI cannot have a significant impact on TFEE at this stage.(4)The spatial Durbin model results show that TFEE has significant spatial spillover effect, and the improvement of the TFEE of province will increase the this TFEE of neighboring provinces.And spatial spillover effects of TP,IS,JJ,CITY,and HC are confirmed can significant impact the improvement of TFEE in neighboring provinces.
GSTM1 and GSTT1 Double Null Genotypes Determining Cell Fate and Proliferation as Potential Risk Factors of Relapse in Children with Hematological Malignancies after Stem Cell Transplantation.
Authors: Mlakar Simona Jurkovic , Satyanarayana Chakradhara Rao Uppugunduri , Nava Tiago , Mlakar Vid , Golay Hadrien , Robin Shannon , Waespe Nicolas , Rezgui Mohamed-Ali , Chalandon Yves , Boelens Jaap Jan , Bredius Robbert G.M , Dalle Jean-Hugues , Peters Christina , Corbacioglu Selim , Bittencourt Henrique , Krajinovic Maja , Ansari Marc
Published: May 2021

Background: Relapse is the major cause of treatment failure in children with hematological malignancies (HMs) undergoing busulfan (BU)- based allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) isoforms that participate in BU detoxification and protect cells against stress and cell death may be linked to post-HSCT outcomes. This study aimed to retrospectively evaluate the genetic association of null variants of Glutathione S-transferases GSTM1 and GSTT1 with relapse incidence in children with HMs undergoing BU- containing allogeneic HSCT and to assess the impact of these variants on BU-induced cytotoxicity on the immortalized and tumor lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs).Methods: GSTM1- and GSTT1- null alleles were genotyped using germline DNA from whole blood prior to a conditioning BU-based regimen. Association of GSTM1- and GSTT1- null variants with relapse incidence was analyzed using multivariable competing risk analysis. BU-induced cell-death studies were conducted in GSTs- null and non-null LCLs and CRISPR-Cas9 gene-edited THP1 leukemia cell lines. Results: Carrying GSTM1/GSTT1 double null genotype was found to be an independent risk factor for post-HSCT relapse in 86 children (adjusted HR: 6.52 [95% Cl, 2.76 - 15.42; p= 1.9 x 10-5]). BU induced cell death preferentially in THP1GSTM1(non-null) and LCLsGSTM1(non-null) as shown by decreased viability, increased necrosis and levels of the oxidized form of glutathione compared to null cells, while GSTT1 non-null cells showed increased baseline proliferation. Conclusion: The clinical association suggests that GSTM1/GSTT1 double null genotype could serve as genetic stratification biomarker for the high risk of post-HSCT relapse. Functional studies have indicated that GSTM1 status modulates BU-induced cell death. On the other hand, GSTT1 is proposed to be involved in baseline cell proliferation. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01257854, Registered February 2008 – retrospectively registered.
Ocular inflammatory diseases in children with familial Mediterranean fever: a true association or a coincidence?
Authors: Avar-Aydin Pinar Ozge , CAKAR Nilgun , OZCAKAR Zeynep Birsin , YALCINDAG Nilufer , YALCINKAYA Fatos
Published: May 2021

Purpose: To describe the characteristics of patients with familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) concurrent with ocular inflammatory disease (OID) and to criticize possible relations between them.Methods: Clinical data were extracted from electronic medical records. Additionally, the medical literature on OIDs in FMF was reviewed.Results: Among 512 pediatric patients with FMF, five patients were found to have OIDs: bilateral chronic uveitis, recurrent orbital myositis (ROM), recurrent optic neuritis, and acquired Brown’s syndrome. The first cases of ROM and acquired Brown’s syndrome in FMF have been introduced in the literature. All patients presented with early-onset typical FMF attacks carried at least one M694V mutation and experienced OID while on colchicine. Conclusion: Increased frequency of OIDs in FMF as per the pediatric population and relapsing and chronic course of OIDs occasionally with concurrent FMF attacks suggest that this inflammatory syndrome especially those carrying M694V mutations may be a predisposing factor for OIDs.