bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Performance of femininity as the potential determinant of lower well-being among UK girls
Authors: Hensler Imogen , Emmott Emily H
Published: February 2024

Background: In the UK, girls are consistently found to have lower subjective well-being and higher rates of anxiety disorders/depression compared to boys. While the reasons for these gender disparities are likely complex, concepts of femininity and its associated performance may act as a potential stressor for girls. Aims: We conducted an in-depth exploratory study to examine how norms experiences of femininity among adolescent girls in England (external factors) relate to their psychological experiences (internal factors).Participants: 7 adolescent girls aged 16-17 years in London, England. Methods: We conducted two online focus groups in July 2021, and conducted discourse analysis to explore their conceptualisations of femininity and its impact on participants. Findings: We identified 2 key discourses relating to the concepts and experiences around femininity among these girls: ‘Valued by Conformity to Femininity,’ or how girls are judged by others based on their presentation and performance of femininity, and ‘An Uncertain Perception of Self,’ relating to uncertain self-identity stemming from their performance of femininity. Our results suggest that the paradoxical and conflicting expectations around femininity, reinforced by others, may cause cognitive distortions and dissonance, increasing vulnerabilities to low well-being and anxious cognition patterns.
Victimhood: The Most Powerful Force in Morality and Politics
Authors: Gray Kurt , Kubin Emily
Published: February 2024

Victimhood drives morality and politics. Morality evolved to protect from victimization, and today morality still revolves around concerns about victimhood and harm. Unfortunately, liberals and conservatives often identify different victims, creating political division. In this review of the psychology of perceived victimhood, we demonstrate its power and complexity. First, we look at evolution to explore why victimhood is so powerful, highlighting one neglected fact about human nature: humans are more prey than predator. Second, we examine three different definitions of what victimhood is based on understandings of individuals, groups, and morality, and how these definitions of victimhood can set the stage for conflict. Third, we explore how victimhood matters in judgments of others. It forms the core of moral judgments: people condemn acts based on how much these acts seem to victimize others. People also typecast others as victims or victimizers. Fourth, we review when people see themselves as a victim, and how this licenses selfishness. Finally, we show how victimhood inflames moral and political division, but also how it can bridge divides through sharing and acknowledging experiences of suffering.
Language Writ Large: LLMs, ChatGPT, Grounding, Meaning and Understanding
Authors: Harnad Stevan
Published: February 2024

Apart from what (little) OpenAI may be concealing from us, we all know (roughly) how ChatGPT works (its huge text database, its statistics, its vector representations, and their huge number of parameters, its next-word training, etc.). But none of us can say (hand on heart) that we are not surprised by what ChatGPT has proved to be able to do with these resources. This has even driven some of us to conclude that ChatGPT actually understands. It’s not true that it understands. But it is also not true that we understand how it can do what it can do. I will suggest some hunches about benign “biases”: convergent constraints that emerge at LLM-scale that may be helping ChatGPT do so much better than we would have expected. These biases are inherent in the nature of language itself, at LLM-scale, and they are closely linked to what it is that ChatGPT lacks, which is direct sensorimotor grounding to connect its words to their referents and its propositions to their meanings. These convergent biases are related to (1) the parasitism of indirect verbal grounding on direct sensorimotor grounding, (2) the circularity of verbal definition, (3) the “mirroring” of language production and comprehension, (4) iconicity in propositions at LLM-scale, (5) computational counterparts of human “categorical perception” in category learning by neural nets, and perhaps also (6) a conjecture by Chomsky about the laws of thought. The exposition will be in the form of a dialogue with ChatGPT-4.
Localizing 3D motion through fingertips : following in the footsteps of elephants
Authors: Snir Adi , Ciesla Katarzyna , Vekslar Rotem , Ozdemir Gizem , Amedi Amir
Published: February 2024

Different senses are thought to serve different specific tasks. For instance, through hearing we localize sounds made by objects in 3D space (i.e. in the extrapersonal space), while touch allows us to localize objects in contact with our body (i.e. in the peripersonal space). This study employs a novel in-house touch-motion algorithm (TMA) to emulate sound source locations as vibrations on fingertips. We use it to evaluate individuals' capability to understand spatial extrapersonal 3D-information through touch. Three experiments demonstrate rapid learning and high accuracy localization in novel tasks, as well as audio-tactile integration within naturalistic environments. Subjective responses imply extrapersonal spatial experiences, through visualization and beyond-reach perception of tactile "moving" sources. We discuss our findings with respect to developing novel sensory capabilities in an adult brain and computation-based brain organization. We also propose further research directions and future applications of our technology.
Common and Uncommon Risky Drinking Patterns in Young Adulthood Uncovered by Person-Specific Computational Modeling
Authors: Ringwald Whitney R. , Creswell Kasey , Low Carissa , Doryab Afsaneh , Chung Tammy , Oliva Junier B. , Fisher Zachary F. , Gates Kathleen , Wright Aidan G.C.
Published: February 2024

Objective: Alcohol use offers social benefits for young adults, but also carries risk forsignificant negative consequences. Better understanding of processes driving alcohol use forthose who experience negative consequences can prevent these harms. These at-risk youngadults likely have drinking patterns in common and patterns unique to each individual. Evidencefor these processes have been limited by methods that fail to capture the complex, heterogenous,multivariate nature of drinking. We overcome these limitations with idiographic computationalmodels.Method: We studied a sample of 97 young adults who regularly binge drink and experiencenegative drinking consequences. Participants completed daily surveys for 120 days. Weestimated temporal networks of each person’s drinking patterns by searching all possibledynamic relations among self-reported alcohol consumption and various cognitive, motivational,and emotional constructs. This method allowed us to identify common and uncommon drinkingprocesses in a data-driven manner.Results: We found clear patterns of drinking characteristic of this population (i.e., shared by 60-100% of the sample) in which young adults drink more per occasion when they expect positiveoutcomes and are motivated to become intoxicated and enhance social experiences, which leadsto positive and negative consequences. We also identified subsets of participants withuncommon (i.e., shared by <51% of the sample) drinking patterns.Conclusions: Most young adults may continue to drink despite experiencing negative drinkingconsequences because it also satisfies their desire for fun and social connection. Additionally,subsets of young adults have relatively uncommon drinking patterns that may reflect risk orresilience factors.
Seeds of Disparity: the Gender Land Divide from Brazil's Agricultural Transition
Authors: Araujo Rafael , Borges Bruna , Costa Francisco J M , Santos Kelly
Published: February 2024

Gender gaps in land ownership are common worldwide, favoring men. This paper studies the impact of agricultural modernization on female land ownership. Focusing on the adoption of genetically engineered (GE) soy seeds in Brazil, we find a decline in female landownership in GE soy-exposed regions. We examine the role of mechanisms like credit access, property rights, and gender norms. The effects are more pronounced where rural credit is more abundant, property rights are stronger, and gender norms are more unequal. Our findings highlight the unintended consequences of the spread of new technologies on rural asset ownership, underscoring the importance of considering gender disparities in crafting agricultural and climate change strategies.
PRINSIP-PRINSIP PERBANKAN SYARIAH
Authors: Prasanti Noviana
Published: February 2024

Artikel singkat ini ditujukan untuk memaparkan prinsip-prinsip perbankan syariah dan penerapannya dalam praktik perbankan syariah
Cultural Ties in American Sociology
Authors: Yan Xiaoqin , Bao Honglin , Leppard Tom , Davis Andrew
Published: February 2024

This paper investigates the cultural ties in American sociology defined by the shared usage of cultural symbols across schools. Cultural symbols are operationalized as research focuses from the dissertations of a school’s graduates. We construct a unique pairwise dataset including 6,441 school pairs across 114 schools, detailing their dyadic relationships (e.g., geographical co-residence) and cultural proximity inferred from dissertations. We build a socio-cultural network where a school sends a tie to another when their proximity is sufficiently high. We design computational linguistic methods to identify gatekeeping symbols co-used by reciprocally connected schools within the same cultural niche. Our findings reveal two major school clusters and their research trajectories, with one representing dominant trends in relatively esoteric areas like sociology of culture, economic life, organizations, and politics and the other a more explicit focus on social problems. We further discern key determinants that shape cultural convergence and distinction, including school prestige, geographical co-residence, and institutional classification. In sum, our study proposes a pipeline for measuring cultural ties across schools and understanding the factors that influence the development of duality between schools and schools of thought.
El impacto de la guerra de Ucrania en la política de ampliación y la PEV
Authors:   Universidad Complutense, Rodríguez Victoria
Published: February 2024

El conflicto ucraniano ha tenido un impacto significativo – aunque desigual – en las relaciones de la UE con los Estados de Europa Oriental reflejado en los marcos de Ampliación y Vecindad. Por un lado, la guerra ha favorecido mayores vínculos con los principales socios de la región. Fundamentalmente, Ucrania seguida de Moldavia y, en menor medida, Georgia a quienes se les ha llegado a ofrecer la perspectiva de la adhesión. Respecto a Armenia y Azerbaiyán, las relaciones con la UE se siguen desarrollando en la Asociación Oriental. Si bien Ereván mantiene una cooperación más estrecha con Bruselas, esta debe ser reforzada, sobre todo, tras la última ofensiva azerí contra Nagorno Karabaj. Es, precisamente, dicha ofensiva lo que ha puesto de manifiesto las limitaciones del enfoque cortoplacista de la UE con Azerbaiyán. Finalmente, el actual distanciamiento con Bielorrusia (debido al apoyo dado a Moscú en la agresión ucraniana) no tiene precedentes.
La Unión Europea y la diplomacia del clima tras la agresión de Rusia a Ucrania
Authors:   Universidad de Granada, Fajardo Teresa
Published: February 2024

La guerra de agresión de Rusia en Ucrania ha tenido un gran impacto en las políticas de la Unión Europea, que ahora tratan de estar conectadas con el fin último de alcanzar la autonomía estratégica. En el caso de la Diplomacia del Clima de la UE, ésta deberá adoptar un nuevo enfoque geopolítico para hacer frente a las acciones de Rusia que es el tercer mayor responsable de emisiones de CO2 y ha hecho de la venta de gas y petróleo un arma más en su guerra en Ucrania. Su respuesta frente a Rusia, puede convertir a la UE en un modelo a seguir en la medida en que ha hecho de la necesidad virtud, convirtiendo la descarbonización de su economía en su imperativo estratégico y su principal baza para superar su dependencia del gas y del petróleo ruso.
La influencia de la seguridad energética en el desarrollo de la autonomía estratégica europea: Cambios definitorios necesarios para potenciar el despertar geopolítico de la UE.
Authors:   CEDEU-Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Gutiérrez Tomás
Published: February 2024

La invasión rusa de Ucrania ha despertado geopolíticamente a la UE. Tras el inicio de la guerra, los Estados miembros tomaron consciencia de las vulnerabilidades que afronta el proyecto común, principalmente la gran dependencia energética de Rusia, la cual tenía además efectos limitadores sobre su autonomía estratégica. Debido a que la Declaración de Versalles llama a redefinir la forma en que los socios entienden su seguridad energética, este trabajo propone un nuevo esquema basado en los elementos que son imprescindibles para garantizar un suministro estable y avanzar hacia la autonomía del sistema de energía, un proyecto que, de completarse, permitirá potenciar la capacidad europea de proyectar poder en la escena internacional y servirá como uno de los pivotes más sólidos para la definitiva consolidación de la autonomía estratégica de la UE en un contexto de creciente rivalidad geopolítica.
La competición internacional y el papel de la Unión Europea en el Sur Global
Authors:   Consultora, González Marta , Marquina Antonio ,   UNISCI
Published: February 2024

Los ministros de Asuntos Exteriores de la Unión Europea recordaban en la reunión de principios de octubre de 2023 en Kiev, que Rusia es una amenaza existencial y que la victoria de la guerra depende de la cooperación con Europa. Mientras que los antiguos integrantes del bloque soviético perciben la amenaza rusa como inmediata y existencial, los países mediterráneos, sienten que su foco inmediato de atención está en la Frontera Sur y en el llamado Sur Global. La necesidad de cambiar el enfoque de la Unión Europea hacia los países en desarrollo es fundamental para la supervivencia, como actor geopolítico, de una Europa que no logra superar la visión eurocéntrica y occidental del mundo, y que sigue considerando el reordenamiento global en curso como complicado, pero no imposible de manejar.
La incidencia de la seguridad marítima en el golfo de Guinea sobre España
Authors:   Armada Española, Delgado Francisco
Published: February 2024

Este artículo trata de demostrar que la situación de inseguridad en el golfo de Guinea constituye un problema de importancia para la seguridad de la Unión Europea, y más concretamente para la seguridad de España. En este sentido, se defiende que la forma en la que la Unión se ha aproximado a este problema de seguridad, no ha sido ni es el adecuado ya que, a pesar de reconocer la situación de inseguridad en esta región, no se han aplicado los mismos parámetros a la hora de evaluar la necesidad de implementar una operación militar en el Cuerno de África y en el golfo de Guinea. El resultado ha sido el mantenimiento de la operación “Atalanta” en una zona sin ataques piratas desde 2019 hasta finales del 2023, y la ausencia de una misión similar en el golfo de Guinea.
Uso do mel como cicatrizante em feridas de animais domésticos
Authors: Viana Heloisa Karolline Costa , Mendonça Neto Jonival Santos Nascimentos , Figueredo Rodrigo Pires , Cunha Juliane da Silva , Vinholte Brena Peleja
Published: February 2024

Wounds in domestic animals are very common, but the healing process to restore tissue continuity will depend on the extent of the injury. Veterinary medicine professionals need to offer conditions and treatment alternatives to speed up healing in cases where there is a delay in recovering the affected area. In this context, honey, as a nutraceutical product, has many advantages for use in wound healing, especially its osmolarity, which makes it act as a bactericide and a bacteriostatic agent, thus reducing the proliferation of bacteria. The aim of this literature review was to search for scientific publications that demonstrate the biological antibacterial, antioxidant and healing properties of honey, so that it can be an alternative for use in the wound healing process in domestic animals. The research carried out represents a bibliographical review, based on searches in electronic databases for information on the use of bee honey in the treatment of wounds in domestic animals. The following databases were used: Science Direct; Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) and PubMed. The following keywords were used to filter the search: honey; wounds and lesions, and wound healing. The following phrases in Portuguese were used as well: Chemical composition of honey; Bioactive compounds of honey; Antioxidant activity; Anti-inflammatory; Unconventional treatment of dogs and cats; Topical use of honey in domestic animal wounds; Healing of domestic animal wounds; Use of honey in treatments by veterinarians. The inclusion criterion for this study was the topical use of honey in the treatment of domestic animal wounds. Articles, undergraduate final projects, theses, dissertations and case reports that were objective, relevant and related to the topic under study were selected. The review concluded that the topical use of honey contributed to the recovery of animal tissue in less time, and is low cost and easily accessible, but there are few case reports and articles published on the subject in the field of veterinary medicine, and there is a need for more research in the area.
Mastocitoma cutâneo canino grau III
Authors: Silveira Brígida Carla da Cunha , Rodrigues Gabriela Zimmermann Prado , Tavares Henrique Jonatha
Published: February 2024

Mast cell tumors are characterized as mast cell neoplasms, one of the most common hematopoietic neoplasms in dogs. The present study aimed to report the case of a grade III canine cutaneous mast cell tumor. This involves the care of a female (canine), of no defined breed, weighing 30kg, who presented during clinical examination an increase in volume in the right thorax, measuring approximately 20 cm in diameter, with an irregular, non-ulcerated surface, of a soft consistency, and painless on palpation. A collection was carried out for histopathological analysis, which revealed non-granulated pleomorphic cells arranged in cords, with nuclei of different dimensions, some evident nucleoli, moderate-sized cytoplasm, and the presence of some atypical mitotic figures. These findings are compatible with grade III canine cutaneous mast cell tumor (poorly differentiated). As the tumor was very infiltrated, it was suggested to the owner that he undergo chemotherapy sessions, as an alternative to surgical excision, which could not be performed. However, he chose not to do so, and the animal's death was reported after a few months.
Doença renal crônica em gatos
Authors: Calhau Djavan Santos , Saldanha Pellegrini Gabriela , Pellin Isabella Castro , Myeko Nagamine Karina , Teles da Costa Almeida Yasmin , Eiras Carlos Emanuel
Published: February 2024

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the most common diseases in cats, with an estimated prevalence of 1.6 to 20%. The most affected cats are elderly cats, over 12 years of age. It has a progressive nature and irreversibly affects kidney function. There are several factors that can end up predisposing to this disease, such as low water intake and excessive consumption of dry food but, most of the time, it is not possible to establish the origin of the problem. Clinical signs are nonspecific and the diagnosis is made based on clinical history, physical examination and complementary tests, such as blood count, urinalysis, serum biochemistry and ultrasound. CKD treatment aims to control symptoms and improve the animal's quality of life.
Utilização de colostomia terminal em cão com neoplasia obstrutiva retal
Authors: Mesquita Maria Rakel Rodrigues , Lima Luisa de Alencar , Lenza Camila Silva , Silva Stheffanny Vieira da , Silva Celina  da Fonseca , Santos Davi Francisco
Published: February 2024

Colostomy is a surgical procedure in which the intestinal route is diverted to the abdomen through an intestinal stoma sutured to the skin. It is rarely reported in veterinary medicine due to postoperative complications such as suture dehiscence, infections, dermatitis, fecal incontinence, and mainly the tutor's difficulty in adapting to handling the bag. Surgical indication exists in cases of obstructive neoplasms in the colon and rectum, with the purpose of increasing the animal's quality of life by enabling the evasion of fecal content. The objective of this study is to report a surgical case of colostomy in a canine, Labrador, female and 13 years of age, as a possible procedure to treat signs of obstruction resulting from rectal neoplasm and to present the favorable and unfavorable factors of the procedure. The technique utilized was terminal colostomy with access to the abdominal cavity through the left flank. Despite tumor involvement, difficulty in management with the colostomy bag and the emergence of peristomal lesions, treatment resulted in increased patient survival and improvement of clinical signs of obstruction, and can thus be considered effective in cases of patients who need to divert the fecal route.
Penafsiran Konstitusi Tentang Kearifan Lokal (Studi Terhadap Peran Mahkamah Konstitusi)
Authors: Surya Faizal Adi , Lidya Christina Wardhani  , Adissya Mega Christia  , Marsatana Tartila Tristy
Published: February 2024

Dua hal yang signifikan dalam amandemen Undang Undang Dasar 1945 adalah deliberasi kekuasaan dan pembentukan Mahkamah Konstitusi. Deliberasi kekuasaan membuat kedudukan pemerintah pusat dan daerah dalam posisi yang hampir setara. Deliberasi juga membuat aspirasi lokalitas kembali bersuara setelah pada masa sebelumnya sentralisasi pemerintah pusat dalam menjalankan pemerintahan sangat dominan. Aspirasi lokal yang kelak dikenal sebagai kearifan lokal menjadi semangat baru dalam pembangunan Ilmu Hukum. Mahkamah Konstitusi sebagai kekuasaan kehakiman yang baru, memiliki fungsi perlindungan Hak Asasi Manusia dan penafsir konstitusi. Sebagai penafsir konstitusi, Mahkamah Konstitusi memiliki peran yang strategis dalam menjaga semangat lokalitas dalam bingkai perlindungan hak asasi manusia. Disisi yang lain, variabel Kearifan Lokal adalah frasa epistemik yang harus mendapatkan penjelasan akademik yang bisa dikembangkan. Hal ini yang membuat penelitian ini urgen untuk dilakukan. Penelitian ini menguraikan peran Mahkamah Konstitusi melalui kewenangannya dalam menafsirkan kearifan lokal dalam perspektif konstitusi.
ANALYSIS OF THE INFLUENCE OF MARKETING MIX VARIABLES ON DECISIONS TO PURCHASE A SUBSIDIZED HOME (Case Study at Taman Argopuro Indah Housing Banyuwangi)
Authors: Khusnul Khotimah Nanda , Firdaus Muhammad , Fanzuri Hamzah
Published: February 2024

PT Argopuro Pratama Sentosa is a real estate company in Banyuwangi Regency. Analysis of the Effect of Marketing Mix Variables on Subsidized House Purchase Decisions (Case Study in Taman Argopuro Indah Housing, Banyuwangi) is important to study along with the increasing proportion of households living in subsidized houses. Interviews, distribution of questionnaires, and documentation were used as data collection techniques. The sampling technique for this study used an accidental sampling technique, namely as many as 78 consumers at Taman Argopuro Indah Housing Complex. Data analysis methods in this study are validity test, reliability test, normality test, multicollinearity test, heteroscedasticity test, multiple linear regression analysis test, coefficient of determination test, f test, and t test. Based on the results of the F test, it shows that the marketing mix variables (price, location, product quality, and promotion) together have a positive and significant influence on the buying decision of subsidized housing. Based on the results of the t test, it can be seen that the variables of price, location, product quality, and promotion have a partially positive and significant effect on the purchase decision of subsidized housing.
COST OF GOODS SOLD ANALYSIS OF RENGGINANG "MAK LIA" BASED ON THE FULL COSTING METHOD
Authors: Variska Putri Yulia , Variska Putri Ilviana , Agustin Merry , Lafylatul Zahro Cindy , Maulidah Rika , Dwi Aysah Mila , Nor Kholifa Siti , Widaninggar Nanda
Published: February 2024

This research aims to analyze the determination of basic production prices for Rengginang products based on the Full Costing method, with a focus on the "Mak Lia" as a Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). The Full Costing method is the main topic of discussion because it is able to provide a comprehensive view of all cost components involved in the production of Rengginang products. This research uses a qualitative approach with case studies as the research method. Data was collected through interviews with business owners, direct observation of the production process, and analysis of documents related to production costs. Historical data on sales, raw material costs, direct labor costs, and fixed overhead costs are also obtained to understand their impact on the cost of goods sold. The research results show that the Full Costing method provides a complete picture regarding all costs incurred by "Mak Lia" in the Rengginang production process, including fixed overhead costs. By using this method, "Mak Lia" can determine the cost of goods sold which includes all costs incurred, including fixed components which are often ignored in other methods.
Biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles using plant extracts and their application in photothermal therapy of cancer
Authors: Szymańska Ilona , Richert Monika
Published: February 2024

Nanocząstki złota (AuNPs) charakteryzują się ogromnym potencjałem terapeutycznym w różnych dziedzinach biomedycznych, jak terapia celowana, radioterapia, fototerapia czy diagnostyka chorób nowotworowych. Unikalne właściwości fizykochemiczne AuNPs zależą od rozmiaru, kształtu, agregacji, ładunku powierzchniowego oraz funkcjonalizacji ich powierzchni. Rodzaj i warunki syntezy mają tutaj istotny wpływ na te parametry. Biosynteza przy użyciu ekstraktów roślinnych pozwala na otrzymanie nanocząstek złota przyjaznych dla środowiska o większej stabilności i lepszej biokompatybilności niż uzyskane na drodze chemicznego procesu. Bioaktywne składniki ekstraktów roślinnych oprócz właściwości redukujących pełnią również rolę stabilizującą nanocząstki. Ponadto ich określona aktywność biologiczna może działać synergistycznie z właściwościami przeciwnowotworowymi AuNPs.
Terapia fototermiczna (PTT) jest obiecującą metodą w leczeniu nowotworów ze względu na jej nisko inwazyjny charakter, wysoką selektywność i precyzję. Nanocząsteczki zwykle stosowane są jako czynniki fototermiczne ze względu na ich właściwości. Zastosowanie nanocząstek złota, uzyskanych i zmodyfikowanych na drodze biosyntezy z ekstraktów roślinnych, w fototermicznej terapii nowotworów (PTT) może zmniejszyć toksyczność samych nanocząstek oraz zwiększyć skuteczność terapeutyczną tej metody. Połączenie biosyntetyzowanych nanocząstek złota, które mogą pełnić rolę nietoksycznych nośników leków i biomarkerów, z terapią fototermiczną oraz technikami obrazowania (np.: tomografia komputerowa, rentgenografia) stanowi potencjalnie skuteczne środki teranostyczne w leczenia nowotworów.
Celem pracy jest analiza danych literaturowych oraz przybliżenie nowatorskiej i aktualnej problematyki zastosowania biogennych AuNPs w fototermicznej terapii nowotworów. Na podstawie stanu badań opisano biosyntezę AuNPs przy użyciu ekstraktów roślinnych oraz scharakteryzowano parametry mające istotny wpływ na ich właściwości fizykochemiczne, które to decydują o toksyczności, biokompatybilności, biodystrybucji i stabilności nanocząstek. Ponadto, wykazano aktywność cytotoksyczną biogennych AuNPs na przykładowych liniach komórek nowotworowych, przedstawiono wady i zalety biosyntezy oraz obiecujące wyniki badań klinicznych nad zastosowaniem produktów z nanocząstek złota w terapiach nowotworowych.
Determination of caffeine, trigonelline and chlorogenic acid by high-performance thin-layer chromatography in coffee infusions and study of the effect of these infusions on α-amylase activity
Authors: Zych Maria , Leopold Karolina , Pyka-Pająk Alina
Published: February 2024

Przedmiot badań
Ze względu na walory smakowe oraz zdolność do redukowania uczucia zmęczenia, zwiększania koncentracji i poprawiania produktywności, napary kawowe cieszą się ogromną popularnością na całym świecie. Napary uzyskiwane z ziaren kawy to mieszanki wielu związków chemicznych, zarówno lotnych, jak i nielotnych. Wśród nielotnych składników dominują: kofeina, trygonelina oraz kwas chlorogenowy. Substancje te odpowiadają zarówno za doznania smakowe, jak i za wpływ na aktywność biologiczną, taką jak np. pobudzenie psychiczne czy redukowanie ryzyka wystąpienia cukrzycy typu 2.
Cel badań
Niniejsze badanie miało na celu: (I) opracowanie i zwalidowanie metody wysokosprawnej chromatografii cienkowarstwowej (HPTLC) do jednoczesnego oznaczania ilościowego kofeiny, trygoneliny i kwasu chlorogenowego w naparach z ziaren kawy; (II) wykorzystanie opracowanej metody do określenia zawartości kofeiny, trygoneliny i kwasu chlorogenowego w naparach z ziaren kawy zielonej, jasno i ciemno palonej, przygotowanych zarówno metodą immersyjną (zaparzania), jak i metodą ciśnieniową; (III) ocenę wpływu naparów kawowych na aktywność α-amylazy.
Materiały i metody
Jednoczesne oznaczanie kofeiny, trygoneliny i kwasu chlorogenowego przeprowadzane było na szklanych płytkach do HPTLC pokrytych żelem krzemionkowym 60 F254 ze strefą koncentracji, a faza ruchoma składała się z mieszaniny: chloroformu, octanu etylu, metanolu, kwasu mrówkowego w stosunku objętościowym 10:6:3:1 (v/v). Po rozwinięciu i wysuszeniu płytek przeprowadzono skanowanie densytometryczne przy długościach fali 270, 275 i 330 nm, odpowiednio dla trygoneliny, kofeiny i kwasu chlorogenowego. Analizę wpływu naparów z kawy na aktywność α-amylazy przeprowadzono przy użyciu α-amylazy z trzustki wieprzowej.
Wyniki
W naparach z zielonej kawy przygotowanych metodą immersyjną odnotowano najwyższą zawartość kwasu chlorogenowego, natomiast najwyższą zawartość trygoneliny i kofeiny zaobserwowano w naparach otrzymanych również metodą immersyjną, ale z kawy ciemno palonej. Napary z zielonej kawy oraz jasno i ciemno palonej hamują aktywność α-amylazy, przy czym najsilniejsze działanie wykazują napary z kawy zielonej.
Wnioski
Opracowana metoda jest selektywna, precyzyjna, dokładna oraz czuła, zatem może być wykorzystywana do jednoczesnego oznaczania kofeiny, trygoneliny i kwasu chlorogenowego w naparach z nasion kawy poddawanych i niepoddawanych obróbce termicznej. Wyniki analizy wpływu naparów z kawy na aktywność α-amylazy stwarzają możliwość stosowania tych naparów, a w szczególności naparów z kawy niepalonej, w profilaktyce cukrzycy typu 2.
Pharmacist’s legal protection as if for public officer
Authors: Piątkowska Kamila
Published: February 2024

Praca z pacjentem wiąże się ze zwiększonym ryzykiem narażenia na agresję i przemoc. Narażeni na to zjawisko są nie tylko lekarze, ratownicy medyczni czy pielęgniarki ale również farmaceuci. Zjawisko to było szczególnie widoczne w okresie obowiązującego w Polsce stanu epidemii, a następnie stanu zagrożenia epidemicznego z powodu pandemii wirusa SARS-CoV-2. W takich sytuacjach swego rodzaju ochronę stanowi nadanie medykom statusu funkcjonariuszy publicznych. Powoduje to iż wszelkie przejawy agresji wobec funkcjonariuszy publicznych są penalizowane znacznie surowiej, a zagrożenia karne są wyższe. Również farmaceuci korzystają z ochrony należnej funkcjonariuszowi publicznemu.

Celem niniejszej pracy jest analiza przepisów prawnych dotyczących ochrony prawnej farmaceutów jako funkcjonariuszy publicznych. Przeprowadzono ją w oparciu o pierwotny projekt poselski, a następnie przepisy uchwalone jako nowelizacja do ustawy o zawodzie farmaceuty z dnia 10 grudnia 2020 roku (t.j. Dz. U. z 2022 r. poz. 1873 z późn. zm) oraz uregulowania wynikające z ustawy z dnia 6 czerwca 1997 r. Kodeks karny (t.j. Dz. U. z 2022 r. poz. 1138 z późn. zm.). Objaśniono na czym polega status funkcjonariusza publicznego oraz należny funkcjonariuszowi publicznemu z uwzględnieniem specyfiki polskiej legislacji. W polskim systemie prawnym uregulowania nadające status należny funkcjonariuszowi publicznemu wynikają z ustaw szczególnych, tak jak ma to miejsce wobec przedstawicieli zawodów medycznych. Nadto ze statusu tego wynika tylko dodatkowa ochrona, a ustawodawca nie nakłada dodatkowej odpowiedzialności. W pracy przeprowadzono również porównanie stanu prawnego obowiązującego farmaceutów oraz tego dotyczącego lekarzy, lekarzy dentystów, pielęgniarek i położnych. Uregulowania dotyczące lekarzy, lekarzy dentystów, pielęgniarek i położnych obowiązują w Polsce od lat, dlatego też możliwe jest przeanalizowanie ich funkcjonowania w ujęciu praktycznym.

Przepisy nadające farmaceutom status należny funkcjonariuszowi publicznemu stanowią dobry początek i nadają specjalną ochronę prawną części farmaceutów, ale wymagają poszerzenia dlatego też sformułowano postulaty de lege ferenda.
Programa de luz em frangos de corte – maximizando o desempenho e bem-estar – breve revisão de literatura
Authors:   Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Moreira Fábio Aurélio , Borges Gabriely Amaro de Oliveira ,   Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Tamiozo Gabriel Lopes ,   Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Marcato Simara Márcia ,   Universidade Estadual de Maringá
Published: February 2024

Brazil is the second-largest global producer of chicken meat, with approximately 33% destined for export. Consumption is high due to economic accessibility and nutritional characteristics. In poultry production, the implementation of lighting programs for broilers is crucial to optimize zootechnical and behavioral performance, enhancing feed conversion. This scientific article aims to explore the influence of lighting programs on the poultry production cycle, analyzing factors such as photoperiod, light intensity, and light spectrum. The study utilized SciELO, Google Scholar and Cobb and Ross Broiler Management Manual, prioritizing contemporary publications. Understanding these elements aims not only to improve production efficiency but also to promote management practices aligned with animal welfare and sustainability principles in broiler farming.
Preferensi Pakan dan Potensi Pohon Pakan Monyet Ekor Panjang (Macaca fascicularis) di Jalur Pendakian Kawinda To'i Taman Nasional Tambora
Authors: Sari Nila , Syaputra Maiser , Webliana Kornelia
Published: February 2024

Jalur pendakian Kawinda To’i Taman Nasional Tambora menyimpan potensi sebagai habitat monyet ekor panjang. Menurut IUCN (2022) spesies monyet ekor panjang (Macaca Fascicularis) dinilai masuk kedalam daftar merah yang terancam punah. Tujuan penelitian yaitu, pertama untuk mengetahui preferensi pakan monyet ekor panjang di Jalur Pendakian Kawinda To’i Taman Nasional Tambora, kedua menganalisis struktur vegetasi pohon pakan monyet ekor panjang di Jalur Pendakian Kawinda To’i Taman Nasional Tambora. Metode yang digunakan untuk mengetahui preferensi pakan yaitu metode line transect, untuk mengetahui potensi pohon pakannya digunakan metode garis berpetak dengan jumlah petak menggunakan kaidah minimum spesies area. Analisis data yang digunakan yaitu deskriptif dan kuantitatif, data vegetasi dianalisis untuk mengetahui kerapatan, frekuensi, dominansi dan INP. Terdapat 2 jalur pengamatan dengan 9 jenis pohon pakan dengan jenis preferensi pakan yaitu jenis karau, dengan nilai kerapatan relatif vegetasi dari 0 hingga 65,79%, frekuensi relatif mulai dari 0 hingga 65,79%, dominansi relatif 0 hingga 70,93% dan INP mulai dari 0 hingga 202,51%.
Konservasi sebagai landasan perencanaan lansekap berbasis tempat pada masyarakat Baduy Dalam di Kabupaten Lebak Provinsi Banten
Authors: Chairuman Mohamad
Published: February 2024

The Baduy clan is one of the native Sundanese clans that actually sticks to its traditions precursors, their lives are committed to satisfying the order of their predecessors in securing equilibrium and congruity of the universe. Advancement exercises, neighborhood environmental change andGlobalization represents a danger to conventional clans, like the Baduy clan too. The consequences of the grouping and bioregional examination of the Baduy Dalam scene can be arranged into 103 place unit. Assessment is done at every area unit in light of dangers and issues every unit. The principal issue found in the Inward Baduy scene is its restricted size accessibility of agrarian land assets which can be utilized in turn so that has suggestions for diminishing area richness. Then again, the populace development rate is very high requests an expansion in the requirement for farming creation land. The answer for this issue was understood as a scene plan created in light of the idea of partitioning space with adjusting land use for useful purposes to have the option to earn barely enough to get by. inhabitants for rural creation land. Scene plan executed in spatial plans (drafting), dissemination plans, and vegetation plans.
Potensi pemanfaatan tumbuhan invasif daun sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis) sebagai antioksidan
Authors: Sari Nur Maulida , Aryani Farida , Wartomo Wartomo , Paurru Periani , Lumbanraja Gabriel Permadi , Astuti Reni Puji , Rudito Rudito
Published: February 2024

Aktivitas antioksidan dan antibakteri pada jenis tumbuhan invasif berpotensi sebagai obat telah diidentifikasi. Tumbuhan yang digunakan adalah bagian daun tumbuhan sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis). Tumbuhan diketahui memiliki kandungan antioksidan dan antibakteri yang diketahui aman dikonsumsi oleh manusia. Masyarakat memiliki kecenderungan memanfaatkan tumbuhan sebagai alternatif pengobatan alami. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan informasi kandungan kimia tumbuhan serta mengetahui potensi antioksidan pada ekstrak etanol daun sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis). Analisis fitokimia dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode uji kualitatif mengacu pada Harborne dan Kokate. Pengujian aktivitas antioksidan dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode uji dekolorisasi radikal bebas DPPH. Hasil analisis fitokimia menunjukkan ekstrak etanol daun sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis) mengandung alkaloid, flavonoid, triterpenoid, tanin dan saponin. Aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak etanol daun sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis) menunjukkan kemampuan menghambat radikal bebas DPPH sebesar 84 % pada konsentrasi 100 ppm. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol daun sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis) memiliki kandungan antioksidan alami dan berpotensi untuk dikembangkan lebih lanjut serta memberikan informasi ilmiah sebagai dasar penggunaan tumbuhan sebagai antioksidan alami.
Acoustic Emission Waveform Characterization of Crack Origin In Self-Healing of Mortar Due to Internal Carbonation
Authors: Li Wenting , Qiang Shan , Wei Qi
Published: February 2024

In this study, self-healing of mortar was achieved by “built-in” carbonation of soluble Na2CO3 and Ca(OH)2. The effect of carbonate and calcium ions, available either internally or externally by conditioning the specimens with Ca(OH)2 and Na2CO3 solution, on the formation of calcite in cracks was investigated. The acoustic events were monitored and compared in the loading process before and after healing. Furthermore, a calibration test was carried out to distinguish the characteristic acoustic emission events of the fracture of the matrix and of healing products. It was found that the distribution of acoustic energy with FMA (frequency at maximum amplitude) and the hits with duration show a consistent trend with that of calibration. The change of tensile to shear cracking ratio in reloading illustrates a self-healing effect of cracks. Meanwhile, X-ray diffraction analysis indicates more calcite formed in the crack of self-healing specimens. The pretreated ceramsite-containing specimens exhibit the predominate self-healing effect due to the internally available CO32– and sufficient Ca2+ as compared to the others.
Investigation on the elimination of striations in NDE of glass fiber composites
Authors: Wang Jie , Zheng Teng , Han Dongxue , Peng Liang , Chang Tianying , Cui Hong-Liang , Zhang Jin
Published: February 2024

Glass fiber composites are widely used due to their unique performance advantages. However, defects in glass fiber composites can significantly affect their performance, making nondestructive evaluation necessary. During the X-ray spectral imaging of glass fiber composites, the 0/90° cross-stacking mode of glass fiber cloth results in irregular horizontal and vertical stripe noise, which seriously reduces the clarity of defect detection. Therefore, an appropriate algorithm is required to remove the noise. In this study, by analyzing the Fourier spectrum of X-ray spectral images of glass fiber composites, it was found that the stripe information is concealed in the vertical and horizontal bright lines in the middle of the Fourier spectrum image. A novel cross-sector filter was designed, and a stripe noise removal algorithm based on the cross-sector filter was proposed. The degree of the filter’s central angle can be adjusted according to the distribution of the stripe noise in the frequency domain, which removes the noise without losing much useful image information.
Catalysts to catapult digitalization in power sector-an outlook
Authors: Pothala Koteswara Rao , Varadarajan Vijayakumar
Published: February 2024

Workplace digitalization has ample advantages. It helps improve safety, efficiency, productivity, security, transparency, and sustainability to name a few. Further it minimizes human errors, brings a single point of truth out, promotes transparency and collaboration, boosts operational intelligence, and reduces costs. Despite such a plethora of benefits, digitalization could not grow as much as it is expected to be in the power sector due to an umpteen number of challenges. This paper presents a study on such challenges for digitalization in power sector and catalysts to overcome them and a framework achieve the clear-headed digitalization.
A novel deep learning and Internet of Things (IoT) enabled precision agricultural framework for crop yield production
Authors: Anusha D. J. , Anandan R. , Krishna P. Venkata
Published: February 2024

Precision agriculture is a growing concept that frequently refers to enhancing farms via the use of up-to-date knowledge and cutting-edge technology, which in turn aids farmers by automating and improving them to increase rural profitability. This paper suggests the novel framework Deep-Plant-IoT which amalgamates the Internet of Things (IoT) and Deep learning framework for an effective prediction of crop yields which act as intelligent recommendation systems that can significantly improve the production. The framework incorporates IoT sensors and devices to collect and store the soil parameters in the cloud. Then these data are downloaded offline and the Harris Hawk Optimized Long Short Term Memory network is deployed to effectively predict crop yields that can aid in better production. Nearly 15902 data were collected for two months and Extensive testing was undertaken to employ these data to evaluate and analyze the proposed framework. Moreover, the prediction algorithm proposed in the framework is evaluated in comparison to other cutting-edge learning models. The suggested algorithm has demonstrated greater performance such that 98% accuracy, 97.23% precision, 97.0% recall, and 97.2% F1-score respectively.
Detection of sarcasm in tweets using hybrid machine learning method
Authors: Rajani Bellamkonda , Saxena Sameer , Kumar Billakurthi Suresh
Published: February 2024

When one wants to express the contrary of what they mean, especially when insulting someone, sarcasm is used. One of the challenges associated with the control and management of content on social networking sites such as Twitter and other social media sites, is the recognition of sarcasm. Because sarcasm is purposefully conveyed through ambiguous word choice, even for humans it can be challenging to identify. Existing methods for automatically detecting sarcasm rely heavily on lexical as well as linguistic clues the majority of the time. On the other hand, these methods have not yielded a large or even a minor enhancement in terms of the correctness of the mood. The purpose of this study is to increase the accuracy of sentiment analysis by proposing a system that is both reliable and effective at identifying sarcasm. In this investigation, three different types of features are focussed: lexical, sarcastic, and context features. These feature sets are utilised in the process of categorising tweets as either sarcastic or not sarcastic. This research presents a sarcastic feature set coupled with an efficient hybrid machine learning approach, which ultimately results in improved accuracy. The results of the experiments reveal that the recommended hybrid machine learning method achieves 97.3% accuracy for sarcastic feature sets which is better when compared to existing machine learning techniques namely k-nearest neighbor, random forest, support vector machine and decision tree for the selection of the appropriate features.
Analisa SWOT Produk Kuliner Oleh-oleh Khas Batam "Kue Semprong Kampung Resipi"
Authors: Rini Rosie Oktavia , Amalia Eva , Afriani Miratia , Adiguna Gumal
Published: February 2024

This research is developed to elaborate on the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) related to specific local snack Semprong Cake brand “ Kampung Resipi “   as one of small medium scale entrepreneur local product  at Batam city which established since 2015. Using descriptive qualitative and  SWOT  analysis  method  focusing  to obtain an effective strategy for promotion and increasing the sale based on the recommendation  following the indicators of  both   external environment  (External Factor Analysis Strategy), then strengths and weaknesses obtained through internal factors IFAS (Internal Factor Analysis Strategy) The results showed the Strength had a very high Mean interval of 4.00 Weakness 2.17, Opportunity 3.00, while Threats had a relatively low Mean interval of 2.51 using the IFAS and EFAS   and the SWOT matrix obtained the result that an aggressive strategy is needed in developing village semprong cake products  by implementing recommended strategies to increase the sale.
Pengaruh Museum Experience Terhadap Keputusan Berkunjung Kembali di Museum Geologi Bandung
Authors: Mulyana Hadi , Edison Emron
Published: February 2024

This research aims to assess the impact of museum experience on the decision to revisit the Geological Museum of Bandung. A quantitative method was applied through Simple Linear Regression analysis, with a research sample consisting of 100 respondents, namely tourists who are currently visiting or have previously visited the Geological Museum of Bandung. Data from the questionnaire, structured on a Likert scale, were analyzed using SPSS to test the questionnaire instrument and the coefficient of determination. The results of the instrument testing show that each statement in the questionnaire is valid and reliable. Descriptively, the Museum Experience variable falls into the "good" category, as does the variable for the decision to revisit. Verification analysis indicates positive and significant results, both partially and simultaneously, with a coefficient of determination of 52.5%. The remaining 47.5% is attributed to other variables not investigated in this study.