bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enhanced CO2 Degassing From the Tropical Indian Ocean During Cold Climatic Events of the Last Glacial Cycle
Authors: Tarique Mohd , Rahaman Waliur , Lathika N. , Prabhat Priyesh , Thamban Meloth , Misra Sambuddha
Published: November 2023

Atmospheric CO2 variability on the glacial–interglacial (G–IG) timescale reflects a balance between oceanic and terrestrial processes involving carbon uptake and release. The Southern Ocean CO2 uptake is considered as an important modulator for the G–IG atmospheric CO2 variability, while the role of tropical ocean ventilation remains enigmatic. We present critical evidence for CO2 ventilation from the tropical Indian Ocean through the reconstruction of the Arabian Sea‐surface pCO2 for the past ∼136 ka utilizing boron isotope (δ11B) record of planktic foraminifera, Globigerinoides ruber. Our site in the Arabian Sea presently acts as a significant source of CO2. The reconstructed ΔpCO2 (ΔpCO2 = pCO2 Seawater − pCO2 Atmosphere) record shows an enhanced CO2 degassing up to ∼50 ppm during the major cooling events, such as the Last Glacial Maximum, Younger Dryas, and Heinrich‐Stadials. Our investigation based on multiproxy records of sea‐surface temperature, salinity, and productivity suggests that the northward invasion and shoaling of southern source CO2‐rich water, coupled with stronger upwelling, resulted in CO2 degassing during these cold intervals. This finding is in align with the tropical Atlantic which also demonstrated an enhanced CO2 degassing during the cold intervals; however, most of the upwelled CO2 was consumed as the water moved away from the upwelling sites. Therefore, our finding, when considered alongside tropical Atlantic records, suggests that tropical oceans played a minor role in reducing atmospheric CO2 levels during the cold intervals of the last glacial cycle, supporting the prevailing hypothesis.
Asymmetric Ionospheric Jets in Jupiter's Aurora
Authors: Wang Ruoyan , Stallard Tom S. , Melin Henrik , Baines Kevin H. , Achilleos Nicholas , Rymer Abigail M. , Ray Licia C. , Nichols Jonathan D. , Moore Luke , O’Donoghue James , Chowdhury Mohammad N. , Thomas Emma M. , Knowles Katie L. , Tiranti Paola I. , Miller Steve
Published: November 2023

Simultaneous infrared observations of and H2 emissions from Jupiter's northern aurora using the Near Infrared Spectrograph at Keck Observatory were used to measure the ionospheric and thermospheric wind velocities. ions supercorotate near the dawn auroral oval and subcorotate across the dusk sector and in the dawn polar region relative to the planetary rotation rate, broadly in agreement with past observations and models. An anticyclonic vortex is discovered in H2 flows, closely matching the mean magnetospheric subcorotation when the observed magnetospheric flows are averaged azimuthally. In comparing ion and neutral winds, we measure the line‐of‐sight effective ion drift in the neutral reference frame for the first time, revealing two blue‐shifted sunward flows of ∼2 km/s. Observed and H2 emissions overlap with predictions of the Pedersen conductivity layer, suggesting two different regions of the ionosphere: (a) a deep layer, where neutral forces dominate the thermosphere and symmetric breakdown‐in‐corotation currents can close, and (b) a higher layer, where the observed effective ion drift allows dawn‐to‐dusk Pedersen currents within the upper atmosphere, in turn closing asymmetric currents within the magnetosphere. This ionospheric structure aligns well with recent Juno observations of Jupiter's aurora. The detected thermospheric vortex implies the driving of neutral flows by the momentum from the magnetosphere within the thermosphere and deeper in the atmosphere to potentially 20 mbar. Jovian neutral thermosphere might bridge the gap between current observations and modelings and perhaps be significant to the dynamics of aurora on Earth and other outer planets.
Summertime Airborne Measurements of Ammonia Emissions From Cattle Feedlots and Dairies in Northeastern Colorado
Authors: Juncosa Calahorrano Julieta F. , Pollack Ilana B. , Sullivan Amy P. , Roscioli J. Robert , Caulton Dana R. , McCabe Megan E. , Li En , Pierce Jeffrey R. , Fischer Emily V.
Published: November 2023

Phase One of the Transportation and Transformation of Ammonia (TRANS2Am) field campaign took place in northeastern Colorado during the summer of 2021. One of the goals of TRANS2Am was to measure ammonia (NH3) emissions from cattle feedlots and dairies. Most of these animal husbandry facilities are co‐located within oil and gas development, an important source of methane (CH4) and ethane (C2H6) in the region. Phase One of TRANS2Am included 12 near‐source research flights. We present estimates of NH3 emissions ratios with respect to CH4 (NH3 EmR), with and without correction of CH4 from oil and gas, for 29 feedlots and dairies in the region. The data shows larger emissions ratios than previously reported in the literature with a large range of values (i.e., 0.1–2.6 ppbv ppbv−1). Facilities housing cattle and dairy had a mean (std) of 1.20 (0.63) and 0.29 (0.08) ppbv ppbv−1, respectively. We also found that only 15% of the total ammonia (NHx) is in the particle phase (i.e., ) near major sources during the warm summertime months. We examined the evolution of NH3 in one plume that was sampled at different distances and altitudes up to 25 km downwind and estimated the NH3 lifetime against deposition and partitioning to the particle phase to be 87–120 min. Finally, we calculated estimates of NH3 emission rates from four optimally sampled facilities. These ranged from 4 to 29 g NH3 · h−1 · hd−1.
The Precipitation Characteristics of Mesoscale Convective Systems Over Europe
Authors: Da Silva Nicolas A. , Haerter Jan O.
Published: November 2023

Mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) are common over Europe and can produce severe weather, including extreme precipitation that leads to flash floods. The few studies analyzing the climatological characteristics of MCSs over Europe are either focusing on only few years of data or on limited subareas. Using the recent Integrated MultisatellitE Retrievals for Global Precipitation Measurement (IMERG) satellite precipitation climatology, we identify and track MCSs for 16 years over Europe. The tracking algorithm relies on the overlap of precipitation features between consecutive time steps and, unlike previous studies, uses lightning data to distinguish convective from stratiform rain patches, which can reduce potential identification errors. We analyze this new European MCS climatology to characterize MCS precipitation properties and conclude the following results: MCSs overall occur most frequently over the Mediterranean and Atlantic during fall and winter, whereas during summer, they concentrate over the continent. Typically, more than a third of seasonal precipitation can be attributed to MCSs, and their contribution to extreme precipitation is even greater, often exceeding 60%. MCSs over the continent display a clear diurnal cycle peak during the afternoon, and some continental areas also show a second, nocturnal peak. The MCS diurnal cycle for coastal and oceanic regions is more variable. We find that the spatiotemporal distribution of MCS precipitation can be attributed to specific environmental variables, namely (sea) surface temperature, fronts occurrence and convective instability. While inland MCS precipitation is mostly constrained by thermodynamics, for the coastal MCSs the atmospheric dynamics plays an important role as well.
A missense variant in EXOSC8 causes exon skipping and expands the phenotypic spectrum of pontocerebellar hypoplasia type 1C
Authors: Zaki Maha S. , Abdel-Ghafar Sherif F. , Abdel-Hamid Mohamed S.
Published: November 2023

Pontocerebellar hypoplasia (PCH) is a rare heterogeneous neurodegenerative disorder affecting the pons and cerebellum and is currently classified into 17 types (PCH1-PCH17). PCH1 is distinguishable from other types by the association of spinal motor neuron dysfunction. Based on the underlying genetic etiology, PCH1 is further classified into 6 different subtypes (PCH1 A-F). Of them, PCH type 1C is caused by pathogenic variants in EXOSC8 gene and so far, only four families have been described in the literature. In this study, we report a new patient with PCH1 who proved by whole-exome sequencing to harbor a novel homozygous missense variant in the splice region of EXOSC8 gene (c.238 G > A; p.Val80Ile). Studying mRNA of the patient confirmed that this variant results in skipping of exon 5 of the gene and early protein truncation. Our patient presented with the main clinical findings of PCH type 1C including psychomotor retardation, spasticity, spinal muscle atrophy, and respiratory problems. However, unlike most of the reported cases, he did not develop hearing or visual impairment and displayed a longer survival. In addition, our patient had dysmorphic facies, nystagmus, congenital esotropia and contractures which were infrequently described in patients with EXOSC8. Diaphragmatic hernia, dilated lateral ventricles, hypoplastic temporal lobes, and thinning of the brain stem were additional new findings noted in our patient. This study presents the fifth family with this extremely rare type of PCH and expands the associated clinical and brain imaging findings.
Dietary patterns and associations with metabolic risk factors for non-communicable disease
Authors: Alamnia Tilahun Tewabe , Sargent Ginny M. , Kelly Matthew
Published: November 2023

Unhealthy dietary habit is a major contributor to the burden of non-communicable diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and hypertension, especially the increased burden in low- and middle-income countries. Evidence of the association between specific dietary patterns and health outcomes is scarce in sub–Saharan African countries. This study aimed to identify principal dietary patterns and evaluate associations with metabolic risk factors including hypertension, overweight/obesity, and abdominal obesity in Northwest Ethiopia. A community-based cross-sectional survey was conducted among adults in Bahir Dar, Northwest Ethiopia, from 10 May 2021 to 20 June 2021. Dietary intake was collected using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Anthropometric (weight, height, hip/waist circumference) and blood pressure measurements were performed using standardized tools. Principal component analysis was conducted to derive dietary patterns. Chi-square and logistic regression analyses were used to examine the association between dietary patterns and metabolic risk factors and with sociodemographic and individual risk factors. This study derives two types of dietary patterns: ‘westernized’ dietary pattern, which is positively correlated with consumption of meat, dairy, fast foods, alcohol, fish, sweet/sugary foods, and fruits, and ‘traditional’ dietary pattern, which is positively correlated with intake of cereals, vegetables, legumes, roots/tubers, coffee, and oils. The prevalence of hypertension was significantly lower in adults with higher quantiles of westernized dietary pattern (AOR = 0.28, 95% CI 0.13 to 0.60; p < 0.01; quantile three); and (AOR = 0.35, 95% CI 0.17, 0.75; p < 0.01; quantile four). Younger, married, and middle-income adults were associated with the highest quantile of the westernized pattern. Being females and having middle income associated with the highest quantile of traditional dietary patterns (p < 0.05). This study suggested two types of dietary patterns, westernized and traditional, among adults in Northwest Ethiopia and revealed a significant association with metabolic risk factors like hypertension. Identifying the main dietary patterns in the population could be informative to consider local-based dietary recommendations and interventions to reduce metabolic risk factors.
Osmotic and Gibbs–Donnan equilibrium for ions and neutral solutes
Authors: Waniewski Jacek
Published: November 2023

The general set of equations for the equilibrium of two solutions with a mixture of non-permeating and permeating ions and neutral solutes at each side of a permselective membrane is formulated using the principles of electroneutrality and mass conservation law for each solution, and equilibrium conditions: equality of electrochemical potentials at both sides of the membrane for each permeating solution component. There is at least one permeating neutral chemical species (solvent) in the system. The theory is in general valid for non-ideal solutions. The generalized Gibbs–Donnan (G–D) equilibrium coefficients depend on activities/fractions of all species at one side of the membrane, and charges of ions and partial molar volumes of all species. The equilibrium osmotic pressure across the membrane is also provided by the theory and can be calculated using the ratio of activities (or equivalently the G–D factor) of any permeating neutral solute (including solvent) or the ratios of activities (or equivalently the G–D factors) of any two permeating ions.
Studies on solubility measurement of codeine phosphate (pain reliever drug) in supercritical carbon dioxide and modeling
Authors: Sodeifian Gholamhossein , Garlapati Chandrasekhar , Arbab Nooshabadi Maryam , Razmimanesh Fariba , Roshanghias Armin
Published: November 2023

In this study, the solubilities of codeine phosphate, a widely used pain reliever, in supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) were measured under various pressures and temperature conditions. The lowest determined mole fraction of codeine phosphate in SC-CO2 was 1.297 × 10−5 at 308 K and 12 MPa, while the highest was 6.502 × 10−5 at 338 K and 27 MPa. These measured solubilities were then modeled using the equation of state model, specifically the Peng-Robinson model. A selection of density models, including the Chrastil model, Mendez-Santiago and Teja model, Bartle et al. model, Sodeifian et al. model, and Reddy-Garlapati model, were also employed. Additionally, three forms of solid–liquid equilibrium models, commonly called expanded liquid models (ELMs), were used. The average solvation enthalpy associated with the solubility of codeine phosphate in SC-CO2 was calculated to be − 16.97 kJ/mol. The three forms of the ELMs provided a satisfactory correlation to the solubility data, with the corresponding average absolute relative deviation percent (AARD%) under 12.63%. The most accurate ELM model recorded AARD% and AICc values of 8.89% and − 589.79, respectively.
Deep asymmetric extraction and aggregation for infrared small target detection
Authors: Lin Zhongwu , Ma Yuhao , Ming Ruixing , Yao Guohui , Lei Zhuo , Zhou Qinghui , Huang Min
Published: November 2023

Infrared small target detection is widely applied in military and civilian fields. Due to the small size of infrared targets, textural detail is missing. Common target detection methods extract semantic feature by narrowing down the feature map several times, which may lead to the small targets lost in deep layers and are not effective for infrared small target detection. To solve this problem, we propose a novel network called deep asymmetric extraction and aggregation. The network mainly consists of two processes - the vertical feature extraction and the horizontal feature aggregation, both of which are enhanced by an asymmetric attention mechanism. In the vertical process, the use of asymmetric attention mechanism combined with the reduction of down-sampling makes the small target better retained in the deep layers. Then through the horizontal process, shallow spatial feature and deep semantic feature are aggregated to further highlight the small targets while suppressing background noise. Experiments on the public datasets NUAA-SISRT, NUDT-SISRT and MDvsFA-cGan show that our proposed network outperforms the state-of-the-art methods in terms of detection accuracy and parameter efficiency.
Molecular epidemiology, clinical analysis, and genetic characterization of Zika virus infections in Thailand (2020–2023)
Authors: Khongwichit Sarawut , Chuchaona Watchaporn , Vongpunsawad Sompong , Poovorawan Yong
Published: November 2023

To investigate the clinical and molecular characteristics and evolution of the Zika virus (ZIKV) in Thailand from March 2020 to March 2023. In all, 751 serum samples from hospitalized patients in Bangkok and the surrounding areas were screened for ZIKV using real-time RT-PCR. Demographic data and clinical variables were evaluated. Phylogenetic and molecular clock analysis determined the genetic relationships among the ZIKV strains, emergence timing, and their molecular characteristics. Among the 90 confirmed ZIKV cases, there were no significant differences in infection prevalence when comparing age groups and sexes. Rash was strongly associated with ZIKV infection. Our ZIKV Thai isolates were categorized into two distinct clades: one was related to strains from Myanmar, Vietnam, Oceania, and various countries in the Americas, and the other was closely related to previously circulating strains in Thailand, one of which shared a close relation to a neurovirulent ZIKV strain from Cambodia. Moreover, ZIKV Thai strains could be further classified into multiple sub-clades, each exhibiting specific mutations suggesting the genetic diversity among the circulating strains of ZIKV in Thailand. Understanding ZIKV epidemiology and genetic diversity is crucial for tracking the virus's evolution and adapting prevention and control strategies.
Flavour of Novel Food Proteins
Authors: Maya Cassandra , Shertukde Shruti , Liu Changqi
Published: November 2023

Novel proteins are an integral part of a sustainable food system. Considerable research has been conducted to understand their environmental footprint, nutritional value, and functional properties. However, little information is available regarding their flavour profiles, which is an important component for promoting their acceptance and utilization. In this chapter, we have summarized the available flavour information of novel proteins such as those from algae, bacteria, fungi, insects, leaves, oilseeds, tubers, and cultured meat in the hope of fostering greater application of these proteins in the food industry and identifying research gaps for future work.
Reaction mechanism of the ethynylation of formaldehyde on copper terminated Cu2O(100) surfaces: a DFT study
Authors: Zhang Minhua , Yang Qin , Li Ruishen , Dong He
Published: November 2023

The reaction network of the formaldehyde ethynylation reaction on copper terminated Cu2O(100) surfaces.
Recent advances and promise of MXene-based composites as electrode materials for sodium-ion and potassium-ion batteries
Authors: Zhang Yingjie , Ni Guoxu , Li Yuzheng , Xu Chengxiao , Li Daming , Liu Bo , Zhang Xuliang , Huo Peipei
Published: November 2023

Morphology of MXene-based composites in the form of MXene/0D, 1D and 2D structures and their enhanced physicochemical properties thereof.
Synthesis of 2-amidoindenone derivatives through an ynamide carbosilylation/Houben–Hoesch cyclization 2-step sequence
Authors: Hansjacob Pierre , Schwoerer Célia , Leroux Frédéric R. , Donnard Morgan
Published: November 2023

A simple and selective two-step sequence is reported for the synthesis of polyfunctionalized 2-amidoindenones. Remarkably, this method achieves true structural diversity at position 3.
Clinical Feeding and Swallowing Evaluation for the School-Based Speech-Language Pathologist
Authors: D'Angelo Elisabeth C.
Published: November 2023

Purpose:

From preschool through high school, eating is part of the school day. Children with feeding and/or swallowing issues are now in our neighborhood schools, our responsibility in our care, and require adequate nutrition and hydration to participate in school and access the curriculum. The whole child is in school, including all of their medical, behavioral, social, and educational needs. This clinical focus article describes a holistic process of evaluating swallowing and feeding in the school setting for the school speech-language pathologist (SLP) leading the team supporting the child.

Method:

This clinical focus article explores the evaluation process in the educational setting for the school SLP in identification of pediatric feeding disorders (PFDs), which can involve dysphagia. Detailed descriptions of the related U.S. educational law, PFD, assessment processes for the multiple systems relating to eating, and collaboration with an interdisciplinary team are highlighted. Using the four overlapping domains of PFD (medical, psychosocial, feeding skill-based systems and associated nutritional aspects), medical and background history gathering; integration with instrumental results; and the need to consider the complex interaction of developmental, physical, cognitive, social, behavioral, family, and cultural aspects in the evaluation are detailed.

Conclusions:

School-age children require safe and adequate nutrition and hydration for learning and social participation. The SLP has a lead role in the school team in evaluating swallowing and feeding, and developing a plan for team implementation. A holistic school-based SLP clinical evaluation process is described.
Pedestrian intention estimation and trajectory prediction based on data and knowledge‐driven method
Authors: Zhou Jincao , Bai Xin , Fu Weiping , Ning Benyu , Li Rui
Published: November 2023

With the development of deep learning technology, the problem of data‐driven trajectory prediction and intention recognition has been widely studied. However, the pedestrian trajectory prediction and intention recognition methods based solely on data‐driven have weak data description ability and black‐box characteristics, which cannot reason about pedestrian crossing intention and predict pedestrian crossing trajectory as humans do. To address the above problems, the authors proposed a data and knowledge‐driven pedestrian intention estimation and trajectory prediction method by imitating human cognitive mechanisms. In the pedestrian intention inference process, the authors adopted the knowledge‐driven method. As a first step, the authors built a knowledge graph of pedestrian crossing scenes, and then paired it with a Bayesian network to estimate pedestrian crossing intentions. In the pedestrian trajectory prediction process, the authors used a data‐driven approach, combining pedestrian crossing trajectory features and knowledge‐based pedestrian intentions. Experiments show that all evaluation metrics of pedestrian trajectory prediction were improved after adding pedestrian intentions obtained by knowledge‐driven.
Securing smart home against sinkhole attack using weight‐based IDS placement strategy
Authors: Islam Md. Shafiqul , Tasnim Muntaha , Kabir Upama , Jahan Mosarrat
Published: November 2023

Extensive use of the Internet of Things (IoT) in smart homes makes users' lives easy and comfortable. Yet, these resource‐constrained devices are prone to manifold security attacks. The sinkhole attack is one of the most destructive attacks that disrupt smart home operations, causing user dissatisfaction. Existing intrusion detection systems (IDS) cannot handle sinkhole attacks competently as they (i) do not consider the node capacity for being an IDS agent, leading to a low attack detection ratio, (ii) do not examine the sinkhole node's role when mitigating attacks, causing remaining network disconnection with the root node and (iii) do not consider replacing energy‐exhausted IDS nodes, causing connectivity loss of partial network with the root. This paper addresses these shortcomings and adequately presents a mechanism to handle sinkhole attacks. A formulation for assigning weights to network nodes based on their resources is proposed here. An IDS placement strategy is introduced to place IDS agents on particular resourceful nodes that extend network lifetime and enhance attack detection capability. We present a novel attack detection and mitigation strategy by ensuring network connectivity. The proposed mechanism achieves 95% attack detection accuracy and reduces false negative rates by 25% and energy consumption reasonably compared to the state‐of‐the‐art.
Application of alacrity as a means to improve athlete’s agility
Authors: Arief Nur Ahmad , Nugraha Testa Adi , Sidhimantra I. Gede Agung Sri , Nurhayati  , Anwar Saiful , Umaroh Susi Tri , Asmara Yuli Panca
Published: November 2023

Agility and speed are two important factors that determine the performance of athletes in various sports. Currently, agility and speed measurements still rely on the use of a stopwatch and human response speed. Although this method has been used in various sports settings for many years. There are several underlying problems, including low levels of accuracy and consistency, the potential for trainer or assessor fatigue, timeconsuming data processing, and the need for proper agility measurement tools. By considering the problems from this background, this study aims to present the development of a touchless sensor-based agility and speed measurement tool that can help improve accuracy, consistency, and efficiency in measuring athlete agility and speed, namely “The Alacrity”. With this tool, athletes are expected to be able to plan appropriate training programs to improve their performance and process data manually because the results are presented in a special Windows application and can be viewed in real-time.
Trends research of para-cycling: A bibliometric analysis
Authors: Umar Fadilah , Misbah Misbah , Fadian Ulfa Fatahara Laras , Shidiq Abdul Aziz Purnomo
Published: November 2023

This bibliometric analysis research aims to map research on paracycling. Based on search results in the Scopus database with the keywords “para cycling” OR ‘para-cycling’, 47 documents were obtained. The visualization of the data using the VOSviewer. The number of publications increased in 2016-2018 and 2019-2021. The largest number of documents was published in 2021. Much research on this topic is published in Q1 journals, while Elsevier publishes many. The Netherlands, as the most productive country, has done a lot of research on this topic. Authors who publish many articles in this field are dominated by writers from Ireland, such as Clifford, E.; Mannion, P.; and Hajdukiewicz, M. Affiliates with the largest number of publications come from Belgium, such as Université de Liège and KU Leuven. Four clusters were obtained on this topic based on the VOS viewer visualization results. Research on this topic in the last two years included cyclist, race, muscle strength, physiology, and athletic performance. This study shows that research on this topic is still scarce and is expected to continue to grow in the coming years. This study can be used as a basis for further research on this topic.
Influence of variability of climatic indicators onwater consumption of cotton
Authors: Bezborodov Yuri , Pchelkin Victor
Published: November 2023

Processing and analysing average annual climatic parameters over 89 years revealed some trends in air temperature, relative air humidity, and precipitation in the typical grey soils (sierozem) region. These trends demonstrate sustained growth of the climatic indices. However, evaporation rates, deficit indices, and their movements, calculated and performed based on the above climatic parameters, have been decreasing with time. Over the recent years, such a downward tendency in climate elements change has reduced irrigation water requirements of early-ripening cotton plants. The article performs experimental data on evaporation rates measured using small-diameter evaporation pans about watertemperature and wind speed. In the region with typical grey soilsover quite a long observation period, significant changes in climatic elements have occurred, which have had a substantial impact on irrigation schedules and total water consumption of crops; these changes are the following: the rise of annual average air temperature by one degree, relative air humidity – by 25%, precipitation – by 40%.
Root performance of air-layered calamansi (Citrofortunella microcarpa) using various organic soil media
Authors: Talaban Joebel , Flora Rhea Joy , Vergara Julius
Published: November 2023

The study aimed to introduce organic soil amendments as rooting media and observe the root performance of air-layered calamansi using various organic soil media. The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design using seven treatments. The results revealed that the root performance of air-layered calamansi using various organic soil media had highly significant effects (p<0.01) in terms of the number of days to root appearance, number of primary roots, the average and maximum length of primary roots, root diameter and root dry weight but showed no significant effects (p>0.05) on rooting and survival percentage. Wherein using vermicompost leads to earliest root appearance (26.93 days), maximum number of primary roots (11.93), longest average (3.03 cm) and maximum length of primary roots (3.97 cm), thickest root diameter (0.8714 mm), and highest rooting percentage (100%), further, the heaviest root dry weight (0.1857 g) was in using Garden Soil + Vermicompost. Meanwhile, Garden Soil + Bokashi recorded the poorest performance in all tested parameters. The enhancement of root performance of calamansi air-layers could be attributed to the physical, chemical, and biological properties of vermicompost, containing significant quantities of nutrients, a large beneficial microbial population, and biologically active metabolites that serve as plant growth regulators.
Immunomodulatory Effect of Paederia(Paederia foetida Linn.)based on Phagocytic Activity ofLitopenaeus vannameii
Authors: Ismawati Ismawati , Destryana R. Amilia , Huzaimah Nailiy , Indriyawato Novi
Published: November 2023

Vannamei shrimp farming usually encounters bacterial invasions. The bacteria’s attacks make the vannamei shrimp unable to be treated. Therefore, farmers must prevent the attacks by increasing their immunity. In this research, the researchers observed the immune response ability of the shrimp using the phagocytic activity ofLitopenaeus vannameiias an indicator. The researchers prepared paederia flour, a mixture of commercial shrimp feed, and various formulations, starting from 0%, 10%, 20%, 40%, and 80%. The researchers determined the phagocytic activity of the mixture ofVibrio alginoliticusbacteria cells in shrimp blood. The researchers observed the phagocytosis of vannameii shrimp at 0, 10, 20, and 30 days. The results showed no significant effects of the applied treatment on phagocytosis activity. The sig-value is 0.067, with a significant confidence level of 5. The highest phagocytic activity in the treatment of Paederia addition was 40%, with the number of macrophage cells found in the phagocyte bacterial cellVibrio alginoliticusat 41.29%.
Identification of Covid-19 Impact on UMKM Tourism Business Actors in Pangandaran Coastal Area
Authors: Indah Rahmani Natasha , Patabang Melewanto , Untari Rini
Published: November 2023

Pangandaran Regency is one of the tourist destinations in West Java Province, Indonesia, affected badly by the COVID-19 outbreak. From the first social distancing declared by the Indonesian government in March 2020 until April 2022, the tourism business in Pangandaran has gone through many changes in its business style. This study seeks to identify the impact of COVID19 in Pangandaran on their UMKM business actor in tourism activity. The method of this research is a descriptive method using risk management theory. The data was collected around time JulyAugust 2022. This study includes 160 participants of UMKM business actors around West and East Pangandaran Beach. Based on the analysis, the pandemic has different impacts on different types of UMKM tourism business actors in Pangandaran. 55% of businesses were forced to temporarily close due to a lack of customers, which had an impact on the difficulty of meeting daily needs due to a lack of skills and the pandemic that struck so suddenly. The severity of the impact felt by these business actors led to a variety of decisions from traders., the different impact on each type of tourism business led to different treatment policies that the government has to serve
Production Planning to Meet Maximum Demand with Forecasting and Aggregation Methods
Authors: Irawan Suhendi , Wijaya Hendri , Kartinawati Annisa , T Risyahadi Sazli
Published: November 2023

Production carried out by small industries still needs to be improved and classified as insufficient compared to the consumer demand. The company’s production traditionally relies on sunlight in the drying process. This is the main factor in the limited production process that can be carried out. This study aims to overcome the maximum demand, which is still an obstacle for the industry to meet their demands. To overcome this, demand forecasting is carried out to determine the demand forecast in advance, and production adjustments are made to meet maximum demand with aggregate planning. Data collection techniques in this study used 1) interview methods and 2) collection of request history data. Data analysis techniques use tools, namely forecasting and aggregate methods. The stages carried out in this study are 1) identification of demand patterns, 2) quantitative forecasting calculations, 3) error analysis, and adjustment of production quantities. This study shows that the maximum consumer demand can be met by procuring supplies in preparation for peak demand.
Enjeux historiques et philosophiques de l’expérimentation animale
Authors: Chapouthier Georges
Published: November 2023

Les ébauches de l’expérimentation animale peuvent être trouvées dans l’Antiquité, mais sa pratique moderne s’amorce à partir de la Renaissance. C’est Claude Bernard qui en analyse au XIXesiècle les bases, fondées sur le concept philosophique cartésien de l’animal-machine. Mais le développement même de la biologie bernardienne a révélé que les animaux, notamment les animaux dits « sentients », disposent de processus de sensibilité et de conscience proches de ceux des êtres humains. D’où un souci moral qui se glisse, de nos jours, dans l’expérimentation animale et qui conduit à diverses améliorations du traitement des animaux d’expérience.
Le dépistage du cancer sauve-t-il vraiment des vies ?
Authors: Jordan Bertrand
Published: November 2023

Systematic screening for specific cancers has been shown to reduce cancer-specific mortality, but has not demonstrated an effect on all-cause mortality. This paradox is due to minor but frequent risks of screening bearing on a large population, and also to the small beneficial effect expected even if screening is highly efficient. Upcoming multicancer detection approaches should allow a better detection of the effect (if any) of screening on all-cause mortality.
Les fièvres hémorragiques causées par les arénavirus : de récentes avancées vaccinales
Authors: Mateo Mathieu , Baize Sylvain
Published: November 2023

Le développement de vaccins contre les arénavirus est un enjeu global. En effet, plusieurs milliers de personnes meurent chaque année de la fièvre de Lassa en Afrique occidentale et les virus Machupo, Guanarito ou Chapare continuent de ré-émerger en Amérique du Sud. Pourtant, il n’existe à ce jour aucun vaccin validé pour une utilisation dans l’espèce humaine pour lutter contre ces arénavirus. Dans cette synthèse, nous présentons les différents arénavirus causant des maladies mortelles chez l’espèce humaine et les principaux candidats vaccins développés au cours des dernières décennies contre ces virus. Nous décrivons plus particulièrement le vaccin rougeole-Lassa, premier vaccin contre la fièvre de Lassa à avoir été testé dans l’espèce humaine, et la plateforme MOPEVAC qui permet de générer avec succès des vaccins mono- ou multivalents contre potentiellement tous les arénavirus pathogènes connus.
L’actualité scientifique vue par les étudiants du Master Biologie-Santé de l’université de Montpellier
Authors: Amara Amine , Barthes Arthur , Benzzaher Al Mahdi , Berger Adrien , Bonnet Estelle , Diaz Mathilda , Fournie Chloé , Guimbaud Loic , Hammami Cédric , Le Fé Manon , Lopez Raphael , Mathieu Paul , Meire Valentin , Mery Louis , Rossi Soléna
Published: November 2023

L’unité d’enseignement « Immunopathologie » qui propose les brèves présentées dans ce numéro est suivie par des étudiants de divers parcours du Master Biologie Santé de l’université de Montpellier. Ce Master rassemble des étudiants issus du domaine des sciences et technologies et de domaines de la santé. On y étudie les bases physiopathologiques des maladies immunologiques, les cibles thérapeutiques et les mécanismes d’échappement des microorganismes et des tumeurs Les articles présentés ont été choisis par les étudiants selon leur domaine de prédilection.
L’encéphalose hépatique
Authors: Jolivet Franck
Published: November 2023

L’encéphalose hépatique est causée par une insuffisance hépatique sévère, notamment lors d’anomalies vasculaires (shunts porto-systémiques congénitaux notamment ou shunts acquis).

Bien que la pathogénie de l’encéphalose hépatique ne soit pas totalement élucidée, l’hyperammoniémie joue un rôle central, en agissant principalement en tant que neurotoxine sur les astrocytes, générant un œdème cérébral. L’encéphalose hépatique est classée selon 5 grades cliniques, de l’animal asymptomatique (grade 0) à l’animal comateux (grade 4).

Le diagnostic est basé sur une association de signes cliniques, biochimiques, et une réponse rapide au traitement médical.

La prise en charge d’une encéphalose hépatique inclut un traitement de soutien immédiat, l’identification et le traitement des facteurs prédisposants, et un traitement au long terme.

Le traitement passe par l’utilisation du lactulose ou du lactitol, et une alimentation adaptée. La restriction protéique doit être évitée car elle peut aggraver l’encéphalose hépatique. Enfin l’utilisation d’une antibiothérapie ne doit pas être systématique, mais seulement réservée à des cas sévères ou ne répondant pas correctement aux premiers traitements.
Un cas de cholangite neutrophilique chez un chat
Authors: Remme Paul , Freiche Valérie
Published: November 2023

Les cholangites sont des affections fréquentes dans l’espèce féline. La présentation clinique ainsi que les anomalies biologiques et échographiques peuvent être frustes et peu spécifiques. Ce cas décrit la présentation clinique ainsi que la démarche diagnostique et thérapeutique d’une cholangite neutrophilique chez un chat British Shorthair femelle stérilisée de 7 ans. Il rappelle les critères de suspicion d’une cholangite neutrophilique puis illustre la pertinence et les limites des examens complémentaires réalisés afin de confirmer le diagnostic. Enfin, l’étiologie et le traitement sont discutés.
Les cholangites chez le chat : démarche diagnostique et prise en charge
Authors: Visinoni Léa , Dahan Julien
Published: November 2023

Les cholangites, inflammation des voies biliaires pouvant parfois s’étendre jusqu’au parenchyme hépatique (cholangiohépatite), sont une entité importante des atteintes hépatiques félines. Elles sont à l’origine de signes cliniques non spécifiques pouvant évoluer dans un contexte aigu en cas de cholangite neutrophilique, ou chronique lors de cholangite lymphocytaire ou neutrophilique chronique. L’origine infectieuse ou dysimmunitaire varie selon les formes. La mise en place d’un traitement adapté repose sur une démarche diagnostique raisonnée, passant par l’analyse cytologique et histologique de biopsies hépatiques.
Photonics in the Netherlands
Authors: Wicherink Petra
Published: November 2023

Photonics and optical technologies have been rightfully recognized as a Key Enabling Technology (KET). This acknowledgment enhances the role of photonics in driving innovation across various market segments. Historically the Netherlands is leading in many research and application areas for new innovations in Photonics and Optical technologies, which has led to a significant increase in international engagement, resulting in enhanced trade, research, innovation, and collaboration with partners worldwide. In this article, this strong position and the value of the photonics sector in the Netherlands is illustrated.
Microfibre pulling and coupling to whispering-gallery mode resonators
Authors: Coillet Aurélien , Cluzel Benoit
Published: November 2023

Whispering-gallery mode resonators have become a basic brick of modern photonics, thanks to their extremely narrow resonances. The resulting enhanced light-matter interaction can be leveraged in a variety of applications, from biological sensors to clocks and optical telecommunications. This labwork has been developped to allow Master 2 students to manipulate these resonators, as well as to illustrate wave-optics concepts seen during lectures: propagating modes, evanescent coupling, resonances and interferences.
Silicon nitride integrated nonlinear photonics
Authors: Clementi Marco , Lafforgue Christian , Brès Camille-Sophie
Published: November 2023

Silicon nitride (SiN) has emerged as a key platform for integrated nonlinear photonics by leveraging its excellent optical properties and high fabrication maturity. SiN nonlinear integrated devices can provide efficiency, bandwidth and practicality. Here we show their exceptional performances for Kerr comb generation and frequency conversion. We also show how by inducing the intrinsically lacking 2nd order nonlinearity we can bring new nonlinear functionalities to the platform.
Mode-locking of lasers
Authors: Prati Franco , Perego Auro M. , Barland Stephane , De Valcárcel Germán J.
Published: November 2023

Mode-locked lasers are the fundamental source of ultrashort and ultraintense light pulses and a principal pathway for three Nobel Prize technologies: optical frequency combs, chirped pulse amplification, and attosecond light pulses. They are essential in routine and high-level applications such as refractive surgery, spectroscopy, or metrology. Here, we overview the mode-locking working principles and point its main applications out.
Acousto-optic modulators
Authors: Darde Franck , Beeharee Ricky
Published: November 2023

The laser invention in 1960 has led to the development of acousto-optics and its applications, mainly for deflection, modulation and signal processing.

Technical progresses in both crystal growth and high frequency piezoelectric transducers have brought valuable benefits to acousto-optic components ‘improvements and the use of these components in scientific and industrial applications.
Stillschweigen und viele Fragezeichen
Authors: Lukuc Sarah
Published: November 2023

Um langfristig die Arbeitsbedingungen von Pflegenden in Kliniken und Langzeitpflege-einrichtungen verbessern zu können, ist die Einführung von PPR 2.0. und PeBeM notwendig. Noch gibt es aber viele offene Fragen.
Die Pflegepersonalregelung 2.0
Authors: Evers Arne
Published: November 2023

Einigen Führungskräften ist die PPR aus den 90ern noch bekannt, für viele ist sie jedoch ein ganz neues Kapitel: Lesen Sie hier, kurz zusammengefasst, die wichtigsten Details zur PPR 2.0.
Der Weg zu einem validen Instrument
Authors: Trux Marc-Justin
Published: November 2023

Das PeBeM ist da – nur noch nicht überall. Zumindest in Nordrhein-Westfalen konnten einige Häuser dank landesrechtlicher Anpassungen fristgerecht starten. Aktuell bedeutet die Implementierung bundesweit einen erheblichen Aufwand für das Management, langfristig erhalten die Häuser aber einen deutlichen Personalzuwachs.
Orale Störfelder und ihre Bedeutung für die interdisziplinäre Medizin
Authors: Nadj-Papp Edith
Published: November 2023

Mund und Körper sind eng miteinander vernetzt. Was historisch durch die parallele Ausbildung (Humanmedizin, Zahnmedizin) künstlich getrennt wurde, muss entsprechend der physiologischen Gegebenheiten erneut zusammenwachsen. Ein gut funktionierendes interdisziplinäres Netzwerk trägt maßgeblich zur verbesserten Patientenversorgung bei und erhöht die Patientenzufriedenheit. Störfelder und Herde sind kleine chronische Veränderungen, die als permanente Reize sowohl bestehende chronische Erkrankungen verstärken als auch Auslöser von allgemeinen Beschwerden sein können. Wenn sie lange unerkannt bleiben, schwächen sie das Immunsystem. Ziel dieses Artikels ist, auf das orale Herdgeschehen aufmerksam zu machen, geeignete diagnostische und therapeutische Möglichkeiten vorzustellen sowie das Potenzial der interdisziplinären Zusammenarbeit aufzuzeigen.
Efficient Preparation of O-Isopropylidene Derivatives of Carbohydrates Catalyzed by Sulfonated Graphene (GR-SO3H) as a Sustainable Acid Catalyst
Authors: Panchadhayee Rajib , Rabha Padmashri
Published: November 2023

Sulfonated graphene (GR-SO3H) has emerged as a mild, efficient and sustainable catalyst for the preparation of O-isopropylidene derivatives of unprotected and anomeric-protected carbohydrates with acetone and 2,2-dimethoxypropane at room temperature. This methodology not only provides excellent yields but also reduces reaction times, and it demonstrates exceptional recyclability, allowing the catalyst to be reused multiple times.
The Role of Thyroid Hormones, Vitamins, and Microelements in Female Infertility
Authors: Aghayeva Sveta , Sonmezer Murat , Şükür Yavuz Emre , Jafarzade Aytaj
Published: November 2023

Objective It is well known that female infertility is multifactorial. Therefore, we aimed to compare the effects of thyroid dysfunction, vitamin deficiency, and microelement deficiency in fertile and infertile patients.

Materials and Methods Between May 1st, 2017, and April 1st, 2019, we conducted a retrospective case-control study with of 380 infertile and 346 pregnant patients (who normally fertile and able to conceive spontaneously). The fertile patients were selected among those who got pregnant spontaneously without treatment, had a term birth, and did not have systemic or obstetric diseases. The levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO), vitamin D, vitamin B12, folic acid, ferritin, and zinc of both groups were compared.

Results There was no difference between patients in the infertile and pregnant groups in terms of low normal and high serum T3 and T4 levels (p = 0.938; p > 0.05) respectively, nor in terms of normal and high anti-TPO levels (p = 0.182; p > 0.05) respectively. There was no significant difference regarding patients with low, insufficient, and sufficient vitamin D levels in the infertile and pregnant groups (p = 0.160; p >0.05) respectively. The levels of folic acid, ferritin, and zinc of the infertile group were significantly lower than those of the pregnant group.

Conclusion The serum levels of folic acid, ferritin, and zinc in infertile patients presenting to our outpatient clinic were lower than those o the fertile patients.
Factors Related to Low COVID-19 Vaccination Rate in Pregnant and Postpartum Women with and without COVID-19
Authors: Beser Dilek Menekse , Hendem Derya Uyan , Oluklu Deniz , Turgut Ezgi , Hancerliogullari Necati , Ayhan Sule Goncu , Tekin Ozlem Moraloglu , Sahin Dilek
Published: November 2023

Objective This study focused on pregnant and postpartum women during the COVID-19 pandemic, aiming to determine the attitudes and behaviors of vaccinated and unvaccinated groups, and the vaccination behaviors in the groups with and without the disease. The reasons for refusing the vaccine were also questioned.

Methods This cross-sectional study was performed from September 2021 to October 2021. The study data were collected using a face-to-face questionnaire. The participants were pregnant women who applied to the hospital for routine antenatal care and were hospitalized, and women in the postpartum period. Additionally, pregnant and postpartum patients who were diagnosed with COVID-19 at the time of admission and were hospitalized and admitted to the intensive care unit due to this disease were also included in the study.

Results A total of 1,146 pregnant and postpartum women who completed the questionnaire were included in our study. Only 43 (3.8%) of the participants were vaccinated; 154 (13.4%) of the participants had comorbidities. The number of COVID-19-positive patients was 153. The lack of sufficient information about the safety of the COVID-19 vaccine is the most common reason for the refusal.

Conclusion Vaccine refusal can significantly delay or hinder herd immunity, resulting in higher morbidity and mortality. Considering the adverse effects of COVID-19 on pregnancy, it is essential to understand pregnant and postpartum women's perceptions toward vaccination to end the pandemic.