bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implementation of Mobile Phone Data Collection in the Conduct EPI Comprehensive Review in East and Southern African Countries
Authors: Mohammed Bello Isah , Sadiq Umar Abubakar , Ubong Akpan Godwin , Okeibunor Joseph , Shibeshi Chukwudi , Eshetu Messeret , Jethro Magwati Chakauya , Fasil Teshager , Fussum Daniel , Mihigo Richard , Mkanda Pascal
Published: April 2021

Mobile phone data collection tools are increasingly becoming very usable collecting, collating and analysing data in the health sector. In this paper, we documented the experiences with mobile phone data collection, collation and analysis in 5 countries of the East and Southern African, using Open Data Kit (ODK), where questionnaires were designed and coded on an XML form, uploaded and data collected using Android-Based mobile phones, with a web-based system to monitor data in real-time during EPI comprehensive review. The ODK interface supports in real-time monitoring of the flow of data, detection of missing or incomplete data, coordinate location of all locations visited, embedded charts for basic analysis. It also minimized data quality errors at entry level with the use of validation codes and constraint developed into the checklist. These benefits, combined with the improvement that mobile phones offer over paper-based in terms of timeliness, data loss, collation, and real-time data collection, analysis and uploading difficulties, make mobile phone data collection a feasible method of data collection that needs to be further explored in the conduct of all surveys in the organization.
Vaccinations and Vaccinators’ Tracking System in Island Settlements: CHAD 2017-2018
Authors: Atagbaza Ajiri , Okeibunor Joseph , Amadou Felix , Kalilou Souley , Matela Esanga Aime , Nanko Bagayoko Adama , Bohoussou Philbert , Igweonu Obianuju , Mbodou Seid Mahamat , Jibril Aliyu Ahmad , Benoit Ntezayabo Elizabeth , Alimou Traore Mohamed , Nzioki Mwanza , Olaleye Adebola , Lisi Aluma Adele Daleke , Sedick Djibrine Abakar , Mahamat Seid Adam , Saleh Tahir Mahamat , de Medeiros Narcisse , Rabenarivo Bakoly , Diomande Fabien , Mkanda Pascal
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Chad is a country within the Lake Chad sub region, currently at risk for poliovirus infection. The Lake Chad Task Team on polio eradication in this sub region made significant efforts to reduce the risk of polio transmission in Chad by tacking immunization teams in the Island Settlement using a Geographic Information System (GIS) technology. This article demonstrates the application of GIS technology to track vaccination teams to monitor immunization coverage in the Island settlements, reduce the number of missed settlements, to provide evidence for vaccination implementation and accountability and improve team performance. Methods: In each district where tracking was conducted, global positioning system–enabled Android phones were given to each team on a daily basis and were used to record team tracks. These tracks were uploaded to a dashboard to show the level of coverage and identify areas missed by the teams. Results: In 2018, tracking covered 30 immunization days, in six rounds. Approximately average of 1173 Island settlements were tracked and covered in each of the six rounds. A total of 806,999 persons aged 0-10 years were immunized, out of which 4273 were zero dose cases at the point of their immunization. Tracking activities were conducted. There was an improvement in the geographic coverage of settlements and an overall reduction in the number of missed settlements. Conclusions: The tracking of vaccination teams and Island settlements ensured useful information for planning and implementation of polio campaigns and enabled supervisors to evaluate performance of vaccination teams
The Impact of Handbooks on the Concept Understanding and Learning Interests of Students on the Concept of Reaction Rate
Authors: Handayani Zulham , Halim A. , Khaldun Ibnu
Published: April 2021

This study aims to determine the impact of pocket books on conceptual understanding and student interest in learning. The research method used is quasi experimental using the nonequivalent control group design. The population in this study were students of class XI MIPA SMA Negeri 1 Jaya. The number of samples consisted of 60 people, each class consisting of 30 students. The research instruments used were test questions and questionnaires. The data analysis technique used the conceptual understanding through the N-Gain test and the independent sample t-test, while the interest in learning used the percentage formula. The results of the N-gain test for understanding the concept obtained that the average experimental class was higher than the control class, each class belonging to the criteria for moderate improvement. The results of the independent sample t-test showed that there was a significant difference between the students' conceptual understanding of the experimental class and the control class. The results of interest in learning from each subscale: family support, teacher influence, and learning experience in class in the experimental class obtained a very high category. Meanwhile, on the subscale the attitudes of friends towards chemistry learning and the influence of informal learning were high. For the control class, the category obtained on the family support subscale is high, while the subscale for friends' attitudes towards chemistry learning, teacher influence, informal learning experiences, and classroom learning experiences is in the moderate category. The average percentage of learning interest in the experimental class was obtained in the very high category, while the control class was in the medium category. The conclusion of this study is that the impact of using pocket books on chemistry learning can improve students' understanding of concepts and interest in learning
Comparison of U-spatial statistics method with Classical Statistics results in the determination of geochemical anomalies of Epithermal Gold in Khoshnameh area, Hashtjin, Iran
Authors: Seyedrahimi-Niaraq Mirmahdi
Published: April 2021

In this study, methods based on the distribution model (with and without personal opinion) were used for the separation of anomalous zones, which include two different methods of U-spatial statistics and mean plus values of standard deviation (). The primary purpose is to compare the results of these methods with each other. To increase the accuracy of comparison, regional geochemical data were used where occurrences and mineralization zones of epithermal gold have been introduced. The study area is part of the Hashtjin geological map, which is structurally part of the folded and thrust belt and part of the Alborz Tertiary magmatic complex. Samples were taken from secondary lithogeochemical environments. Au element data concerning epithermal gold reserves were used to investigate the efficacy of these two methods. In the U- spatial statistics method, and criteria were used to determine the threshold, and in the  method, the element enrichment index of the region rock units was obtained with grouping these units. The anomalous areas were identified by, and criteria. Comparison of methods was made considering the position of discovered occurrences and the occurrences obtained from these methods, the flexibility of the methods in separating the anomalous zones, and the two-dimensional spatial correlation of the three elements As, Pb, and Ag with Au element. The ability of two methods to identify potential areas is acceptable. Among these methods, it seems the   method with  criteria has a high degree of flexibility in separating anomalous regions in the case of epithermal type gold deposits.
Mineralogical and Geochemiccal Assessment of Edda Clays for Possible Use in the Ceramics Industry,Afikpo Sub-Basin,Nigeria
Authors: Ike J. C. , Ezeh H. N. , Eyankware M. O. , Haruna A. I.
Published: April 2021

Clay samples from selected part of Edda were analyzed to identify the clay mineral types present, their chemical and physical properties with a view to appraising their industrial suitability as ceramic materials. The mineralogical and geochemical analyses were done using the principles of X-Ray diffraction and X-ray fluorescence respectively. A total of seven clay samples were used for the study, other tests such as plasticity, bulk density, shrinkage, loss on ignition (LOI) and water absorption capacity was carried out to determine the amount of water absorbed under specified conditions. The basic industrial properties assessment showed that more than 70% of the clays are fine-grained. The clays exhibited low to moderate plasticity, moderate shrinkage and bulk density, low to moderate values of both loss on ignition and water absorption capacity. The clays are buff to yellowish in colour. The results of x-ray fluorescence revealed that the mean concentration of major oxide in the clays is shown as follows: SiO2 (62.78%), Al2O3 (20.25%), total Fe (6.09%), CaO (0.56%), MgO (3.21%), Na2O (0.47%), K2O, (1.44%) and TiO2 (0.52%). The samples have high silica content, low alumina and low oxide content. The results of x-ray diffraction revealed that kaolinite is the dominant clay mineral with illite and montmorillonite occurring in subordinate amounts, while quartz and feldspar are the non-clay components present. The characteristics of the clays for each parameter were compared with industrial standards. These properties are appropriate for the Afikpo clays to be useful in the manufacturing of ceramics. However, since the silica content of the clays is high further beneficiation is recommended.
Evaluation of Vibration Amplitude Stepping and Welding Performance of 20 kHz and 40 kHz Ultrasonic Power of Metal Welding
Authors: Al Sarraf Ziad Shakeeb
Published: April 2021

Today ultrasonic power technique is consider a mandatory technique which is always entered in many processes such as in metal and plastic welding to overcomes many issues, with aided of applying force (pressure) and supplied high frequency vibration, a solid-state weld can be generated by ultrasonic metal welding technique. That give a technique the ability to join not only a small components, whereas also to join thicker specimens, depend on a proper control of matching welding conditions. Therefore a welding performance can be study and compared after designed welding horn to resonance at frequencies of 20 kHz and 40 kHz. The analyses of the designed horn are completed through use a vibration mathematical expressions, modal and harmonic analyses to ensure the weldability due to applying ultrasonic power to the working area and also to compare the performance of joint at using two resonance frequencies of 20 kHz and 40 kHz. The dimensions of the horns were determined to match the selected resonance frequencies, which the lengths were calculated as 132 mm and 66 mm respectively. The analysis of the exciting modal indicates that the axial vibration modes of 19,584Hz and 39,794Hz are obtained in 10th mode, while the two frequency values are recorded 19,600 Hz and 39,800 Hz from the frequency response of the two horns. The weld strength between Al and Cu specimens with a thickness 0.5 mm were evaluated using tensile test, which the analyses were obtained under using different welding pressure and varied amplitudes. The results were recorded within exciting a horn with two different resonance frequencies, show the enhancement of weld strength and quality through control of stepping amplitude, the enhancement means obtain good strength of the weld, reduce sticking horn to specimen, and lower specimen marking.
HEGEMONI PLURALITAS HUKUM TERHADAP UU NO. 01 TAHUN 1974 (Studi Supremasi dan Legalitas Hukum Perkawinan di Indonesia)
Authors: Mohsi Mohsi
Published: April 2021

Legal plurality is an indisputable part of the concept of Indonesian statehood, including the construction of marriage law. The pluralism of marriage law in Law No. 01 of 1974 is proof that the marriage law adhered to in the Indonesian legal system still refers to the pluralism and diversity system. This research will examine the plurality of marriage law from the legality aspect which has implications for its legal status, between imperative and facultative. This study uses a statute approach with an emphasis on the concept of law and legal legislation. This research concludes that the plurality of kwainan law in Law Number 01 of 1974 is a necessity in a multicultural country, because the existence of this law aims to accommodate and integrate existing laws on this Bhineka earth.
LETTER OF CREDIT (LC) DALAM PERSPEKTIF FIQH DAN ALTERNATIF LC DALAM BANK SYARI’AH
Authors: Kholik Jamaluddin Achmad
Published: April 2021

Fiqh Islam has characteristics that are always relevant to be applied in every changing era, because it has a solution to the problematic mu`amalah contemporary. Letter of credit is one of conventional bank products in contemporary mu'malat which we need to study fiqh law, whether it can be justified syara 'or not.

This article discusses the substance and application of the “Letter of Credit/ LC”, then reviewing on the fiqh law, because it is said in a rule "al hukmu 'ala syai'in far'un' an tashowurihi" (law against a problem is part of the description). Next we will discuss alternative “Letters of Credit/ LC” practices offered by Islamic banks, because Allah does not forbid anything except to give ahalal and better substitute that can benefit humankind in the world and the hereafterKeywords: Letter of Credits, Fiqh Law
Peranan Pembiayaan Murabahah dalam Meningkatkan Pendapatan Usaha
Authors: Eka Putra Nuzuri  , Andriani
Published: April 2021

Murabahah financing is the most popular in the BMT Lantasir Pesantren Kediri. It is using aqad wakalah that give solving or helping to customer whose want to have goods. Aqad wakalah means that authorization spilled by one party to another party on the representative aspects. Beside of customers has money financing propose, also could to propose goods financing. The most customers of murabahah financing in BMT Lantasir are retailers. So, they can choose murabahah financing to get modals or adding goods stock in their business for increasing and reaching return.The research is use to qualitative approach with cases study that gets data by fact related to theme research, and will be depth analization. The respondens are manajer, common (pembantu umum), customer service, account officer and customers. For collecting data’s process are interview, observation and documentation. While analysis’s process are data reduction, data explanation and making conclusion.The result showing that murabahah financing has a role to change customer’s income. The role of murabahah financing seems on the increasing customer’s income table. It shows that customer’s income are increase by 30%, 50% and 70%. Moreover, there is a customer who has settled job and has corn farm is get return on harvest season. Based on analysis is murabahah financing has the most important role to fulfill customers needed such as money and goods, also to increase income customers changing.
Keterkaitan antara Dana Desa, Peran Serta Masyarakat, dan Pembangunan dari Perspektif Ekonomi Islam
Authors: Nisa Mutiara  , Djoko Mursinto  , Zainuddin Maliki
Published: April 2021

Village Funds is already exist in 2015, one year after the implementation of Law Number 6/2014. The aim of this research is to analyze the relationship between the using of village funds and the village community participation to realize welfare in Islamic economic perspectives. This research is qualitative research with a case study approach of community participation in Megaluh Village, Jombang Regency, East Java Province, Indonesia. The implementation of Law Number 6 of the year 2014 as in line with the Village Funds in 2015 was able to encourage community participation in overall development processes ranging from planning, execution, supervision and utilization. The village community participation shows Islamic participation that the people involvement together with the goverment in development according to shari‟a to realize welfare (falah) that is in line with maqashid shari‟a.
PERANAN MANAJEMEN RISIKO DENGAN PENDEKATAN ALMA (ASSET AND LIABILITIES MANAGEMENT) PADA PERBANKAN SYARIAH
Authors: Naning Fatmawati
Published: April 2021

Setiap usaha yang dikelola akan selalu berhadapan dengan berbagai macam risiko. Begitu juga dengan usaha jasa perbankan syariah, utamanya karena prinsip profit and loss sharing yang menjadi landasan operasionalnya. Risiko-risiko tersebut tidak dapat dihindari, tetapi bisa dikelola dan dikendalikan sehingga tidak memberikan efek negatif yang besar bagi perusahaan. Untuk mencapai kondisi tersebut diperlukan manajemen risiko dengan pendekatan asset and liabilities manajement(ALMA). ALMA merupakan suatu usaha untuk mengoptimalkan struktur neraca bank sedemikian rupa agar diperoleh laba maksimal sekaligus membatasi resiko menjadi sekecil mungkin. Manajemen aktiva dan pasiva disebut pula dengan Asset and Liability Management (ALMA). Kedua sisi neraca, dimana sisi pasiva yang menggambarkan sumber dana dan sisi aktiva yang menggambarkan penggunaan dana harus dikelola secara efisien, efektif, produktif secara optimal.
Pengaruh Inflasi dan Kinerja Keuangan Perusahaan terhadap Pembiayaan Bank Umum Syariah
Authors: Trisnia Widuri  , Nuraidya Fajariah
Published: April 2021

Tinggi rendahnya pembiayaan lembaga keuangan, baik syariah maupun konfensional dipengaruhi oleh beberapa hal, antara lain kepercayaan masyarakat akan kinerja perusahaan dalam melakukan pembiayaan, balas jasa yang diterima oleh nasabah, hingga berbagai variabel makro.Masyarakat semakin kritis terhadap kinerja perusahaan, perusahaan dengan kinerja yang baik akan mendapatkan kepercayaan dari masyarakat. Fluktuasi keadaan ekonomi secara agregat juga sangat berpengaruh terhadap dinamika kegiatan keuangan oleh lembaga keuangan. Ditengah ketidak pastian ekonomi, lembaga keuangan syariah menjadi pilihan yang membawa keuntungan yang adil bagi nasabah dan juga bagi lembaga.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh beberapa variabel baik variabel moneter maupun variable kinerja terhadap pembiayan syariah pada Bank Umum Syariah di Indonesia. Data yang digunakan adalah data Time Series dari Januari 2015 hingga Juli 2018, yang bersumber dari data Statistik Perbankan Syariah. Untuk menganalisa pengaruh variable bebas terhadap variable terikat, penulis menggunakan metode Regresi Linier Berganda.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel Inflasi sebagai variable moneter berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap pembiayaan syariah oleh Bank Umum Syariah, variable kinerja perusahaan yaitu FDR dan NPL berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap pembiayaan syariah sedangkan ROA dan CAR mempunyai pengaruh yang tidak signifikan terhadap pembiayaan syariah.
A Review of Principal Component Analysis Algorithm for Dimensionality Reduction
Authors:   Duhok Polytechnic University, Salih Hasan Basna Mohammed , Abdulazeez Adnan Mohsin ,   Duhok Polytechnic University
Published: April 2021

Big databases are increasingly widespread and are therefore hard to understand, in exploratory biomedicine science, big data in health research is highly exciting because data-based analyses can travel quicker than hypothesis-based research. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is a method to reduce the dimensionality of certain datasets. Improves interpretability but without losing much information. It achieves this by creating new covariates that are not related to each other. Finding those new variables, or what we call the main components, will reduce the eigenvalue /eigenvectors solution problem. (PCA) can be said to be an adaptive data analysis technology because technology variables are developed to adapt to different data types and structures. This review will start by introducing the basic ideas of (PCA), describe some concepts related to (PCA), and discussing. What it can do, and reviewed fifteen articles of (PCA) that have been introduced and published in the last three year
Aromaterapi Uygulamaları ve Uçucu Yağlar
Authors: CAMBAZ KURT Nevin , ÇANKAYA İffet İrem
Published: April 2021

Aromaterapi, tamamlayıcı tıp uygulamaları arasında çeşitli hastalıkları önlemek ve tedavi etmek amacıyla terapötik ajanlar olarak uçucu yağları kullanan terapilerden biridir. Uçucu yağlar, aromatik bitkilerin çeşitli kısımlarından genellikle distilasyon yöntemi elde edilen sekonder metabolitlerdir. Fiziksel ve psikolojik düzeyde vücudun doğal dengesini korumak ve onarmak için, etkisini koku duyusu yani inhalasyon ve bununla birlikte masaj, kompres ve banyo uygulamaları ile göstermektedir. Aromaterapi eski Mısır Uygarlığı’na kadar uzanan yaklaşık 6000 yıllık bir geçmişe sahiptir. Aromaterapide kullanılan her bir uçucu yağın kendine has kokusu ve tedavi edici özelliği vardır. Uçucu yağlar, anksiyete, depresyon, dikkat ve konsantrasyon problemleri, uykusuzluk gibi psikolojik rahatsızlıklar, sindirim problemleri, baş ağrısı, kas ve eklem ağrıları, solunum yolu enfeksiyonları, yara, yanık, alopesi, egzema ve diğer bazı cilt rahatsızlıkları gibi çok sayıda hastalıkların tedavisinde çeşitli kombinasyonlarda kullanılmaktadır. Aromaterapide kullanılan uçucu yağlardan antiviral ve antimikrobiyal özellikleri taşıyanlara çay ağacı ve ökaliptus uçucu yağları; anksiyete, depresyon, uykusuzluk problemleri ve konsantrasyon artışı için tıbbi papatya, lavanta, limon ve gül uçucu yağları, astım ve nefes darlığında günlük uçucu yağı, migrende ise tıbbi nane uçucu yağı örnek verilebilir. Uçucu yağlar, genellikle, minimum yan etkileri ile kullanımı güvenli kabul edilen sekonder metabolitlerdir. Ancak aromaterapi uygulamaları haricen gerçekleştirilmekte olup uçucu yağlar bu terapi biçiminde dahilen kullanılmazlar. Bu çalışma ile günümüz sağlık hizmetlerinde, aromaterapi uygulamalarında en çok kullanılan uçucu yağlar ve özellikleri derlenmiştir.
The effect of synthesis temperature on the carbon yield and characteristics of nano composite C-CNFs
Authors: Truong Tri Truong Huu
Published: April 2021

Synthesis temperature is one of important factors influencing on characteristics of carbon nanostructured materials. In this article, the authors evaluate the change of properties of nano composite C-CNFs obtained by simultaneously synthesizing and decorating NFs on the surface of the carbon felt at different temperatures. The results have shown that the carbon yield increases from 5.55 %wt to 227.13 %wt by enhancing the growth temperature from 620 oC to 680 oC. The results from Raman spectrum analysis have indicated that when the temperature rises from 620 oC to 680 oC, the ID/IG ratio decreases from 0.932 to 0.728. The decrease of ID/IG ratio has affirmed the increase in the graphitization degree of the product. However, this ratio increases slightly to 0.749 when the temperature is at 710 oC. This result demonstrate formation of amorphous carbon at high temperature. Besides, the obtained C-CNFs are also analyzed by several techniques such as SEM, TEM, TGA and BET.
Chitosan/ biphasic calcium phosphate nanofibrous scaffolds for bone tissue engineering
Authors: Truong Truong Le Bich Tram
Published: April 2021

In this article, chitosan/biphasic calcium phosphate (CS/BCP)nanofibers were prepared by electrospinning. From the culture of osteogenic cells, the biocompatibility of CS/BCP nanofibrous substrates was identified and increased by the photocrosslinking. The enhancement in cell attachment and proliferation was caused by the improvement in nanofibers’ mechanical properties. The biocompatibility to osteoblasts was also promoted with the content of BCP. The osteogenic differentiation in early, middle and late stage was encouraged by the addition of BCP on nanofibrous substrates. The CS/BCP nanofibers were highly specific to osteogenic cells, revealed by difficulties in the growth of non-osteogenic cells on this composite nanofibrous scaffold. The novel nanofibrous scaffolds showed great potential in the tissue engineering of bones.
Design of the blended learning course in engineering education
Authors: Tran Tran Van Hung
Published: April 2021

Blended Learning is a flexible learning model that combines the creative advances and technology of online learning with the interaction and engagement of face-to-face learning. One of the best ways to deal with the need for \"learning anywhere, learning anytime, learning everything, learning flexibly, learning openly and learning for the whole life\", which becomes an inevitable trend currently. This requires teachers to design a course and organize the teaching process to ensure the formation and development of learners’ self-learning ability as well as the cultivation of the skills in using and mastering technology. The paper outlines the steps to be taken to design a blended learning course to help teachers in the course design suitable for their teaching process at university meeting the fourth industrial revolution.
Thickness and corrosion resistance optimization of Micro-ARC oxidation coating on Mg-Al-Li-Zn alloy using Taguchi approach
Authors: Do Do Le Hung Toan, Shuo-Jen Lee
Published: April 2021

Micro arc oxidation method has been developed in the field of surface protection of magnesium alloys and considered as a simple, highly effective, commercial and environmentally friendly method in industry. MAO coatings are fabricated on novel Mg-Al-Li-Zn alloy to improve the anti-corrosion performance of surface by using friendly alkaline electrolytes under a high electrical potential. The Taguchi method and optimal analysis are used to identify the effects of the three factors including current density, processing time and electrical frequency on coating’s characteristics. The results have shown that the main factor that affects coating thickness and corrosion resistance of coating is the processing time. The results obtained by optimal conditions are consistent with prediction values of Taguchi analysis. The thickness of the coating can help to improve the long-term corrosion protection of a MAO coating in corrosive environments.
Hospitalitas Kristen Terhadap Fenomena Bunuh Diri Dikalangan Pemuda Kristen
Authors: Tulak Sindi Arnita
Published: April 2021

Abstrak: secara global, bunuh diri merupakan penyebab kematian didunia dengan kecenderungan peningkatan pada kelompok pemuda. Tingkat bunuh diri berawal diri ide bunuh diri, ancaman bunuh diri, pencobaan bunuh diri, dan tindakan bunuh diri. Faktor resiko bunuh diri pada kalangan pemuda mencakup gangguan psikologis seperti depresi, tingkat berpacaran yang terlalu tinggi, adanya rasa putus asa dan merasa diri tidak berharga lagi. Selain itu bunuh diri pada kalangan pemuda juga dipengaruhi oleh kurangnya dukungan, hubungan dengan orang tua atau pertemanan yang buruk serta perasaan isolasi sosial. Persoalan ini menjadi penting untuk mengingat masa muda merupakan masa di mana keadaan yang begitu berat bagi setiap individu, dimana ketidakstabilan emosi dan sifat kejiwaannya mempengaruhi didalamnya. Tulisan ini memiliki tujuan untuk memberikan bimbingan terhadap kalangan pemuda Kristen melalui hospitalitas Kristen sehingga pemuda Kristen terhindar dari potensi bunuh diri. Dalam Penelitian ini metode yang digunakan yaitu metode kualitatif melalui penelitian Teologis. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah dapat menghasilkan pengajaran dalam kekristenan agar tetap memiliki sikap-sikap hospitalitas Kristen dalam kehidupannya.
Hospitalitas Kristen dan tantangannya bagi para pelajar
Authors: Padatu Pitriani
Published: April 2021

AbstrakPada akhir tahun 2019 dunia global dikejutkan oleh pandemi yang disebabkan oleh Virus Coronan. Covid-19 menimbulkan kekhawatiran dunia global karena penyebaran yang sangat cepat dan mematikan, sehingga banyak orang yang meningal dunia. Pada bulan Maret tahun 2020, indonesia terpapar covid-19 terdapat 309 kasus positif dan terus bertambah. Pemerintan mengambil kebijakan untuk megurangi kerumuna agar tidak semakin menyebar. Pemerintah mengambil tindakan itu agar covid-19 tidak semakin meningkat, dengan cara mengeluarkan surat edaran untuk tidak melakukan banyak aktivitas diluar rumah. Seperti menutup sekolah-sekolah, tidak mengadakan aktivitas tatap muka di sekolah. Tulisan ini bertjuan untuk merumuskan model sikap etis hospitalitas Kristen di tengah Pandemi covid-19. Dalam hal ini, tindakan etis yang harus menjadi pandangan pribadi yang guna sebagai orang Kristen. agar pemahaman akan Covid-19 bisa di pahami dengan baik dan kita menghadapinya dengan penuh tindakan kesabaran dan terpenting adalah selalu mematuhi portokol kesehatan.Kata kunci: Etis, Hospitalitas Kristen, Covid-19, Pelajar.
A critical review of high-impact studies of vaping, a literature plagued with fatal flaws
Authors: Phillips Carl V.
Published: April 2021

Journal papers are widely considered the most authoritative source of scientific information on a topic, but this perception is often incorrect. In particular, most of what someone might read in journals about vaping is more misleading than informative. To illustrate this, as well as to provide guidance for future authors to improve and to empower readers to recognize the problems, we conducted a systematic narrative review of popular journal papers about vaping. We used the ranking in Google Scholar as a measure of popularity and chose the most popular human subjects studies that addressed questions of vaping causing smoking cessation and vaping affecting smoking initiation, as well as a few papers on health outcomes. The resulting 24 papers were reviewed to assess whether the methods had any chance of answering the main questions of interest, whether the authors even made clear what questions they were answering, whether flaws in implementation kept potentially useful methods from functioning correctly, whether the conclusion followed from the results, and whether the authors were apparently trying to be intentionally alarmist. For completeness, we also present the background necessary to understand why the problems we identified are problems.We found that almost all the papers were fatally flawed, in terms of answering the questions the authors implied they were addressing. These are difficult questions to answer empirically, and for most of them many simple epidemiology methods are uninformative, but we saw no evidence that the authors appreciated the particular challenges and found no examples of efforts to design effective methods used to deal with them. In particular, the authors consistently failed to address the complicated causal pathways involved or made clear what counterfactual they were ostensibly measuring. The resulting obvious confounding problems alone render about half the papers we reviewed unable to provide any useful information in support of their conclusions. While addressing these challenges would not be easy, and is probably impossible for many of the study designs that were chosen, completely ignoring them ensures they will be problems.This literature is also characterized by less generic problems. Several cohort studies on smoking cessation suffer from a crippling stock-flow problem, such that the studies exclude most people who successfully switch. The health outcome studies suffered from the “outcome” often apparently preceding its ostensible cause. Other specific methods problems are noted in the review. In summary, the reviewed literature has substantial negative information value with only a few exceptions. While this is merely a subset of the literature, it is among the most influential papers and appears, based on our knowledge, to be representative of empirical work in this area.
STRESS MAHASISWA AKIBAT PEMBELAJARAN DARING DAN KOPING STRESS YANG EFEKTIF SELAMA MASA PANDEMI
Authors: Sitohang Julita Megawati
Published: April 2021

Saat ini, pandemi Covid-19 menjadi salah satu krisis kesehatan utama bagi setiap individu dari semua bangsa, benua, ras, dan kelompok sosial ekonomi. Kondisi kesehatan masyarakat terkait penularan Covid-19 dibagi menjadi enam kelompok yaitu orang sehat, orang tanpa gejala, orang dalam pemantauan, pasien dalam pengawasan, orang yang positif Covid-19 (Kemenkes RI, 2020). Infeksi virus Corona disebut COVID-19 (Corona Virus Disease 2019) dan pertama kali di China pada akhir Desember 2019. Virus ini menular dengan sangat cepat dan telah menyebar ke hampir semua negara, termasuk Indonesia, hanya dalam waktu beberapa bulan. Hal tersebut membuat beberapa negara menerapkan kebijakan untukmemberlakukan lockdown dalam rangka mencegah penyebaran virus Corona. DiIndonesia sendiri, diberlakukan kebijakan Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar (PSBB)untuk menekan penyebaran virus ini (WHO,2020). Surat Edaran Mendikbud Nomor 36962/MPK.A/HK/2020 menjelaskan supaya setiap proses belajar mengajar di sekolah maupun kampus disetiap perguruan tinggi menggunakan metode daring sebagai upaya pencegahan terhadap perkembangan dan penyebaran Coronavirus disease (Covid-19). Pembelajaran secara daring diimplementasikan dengan beragam cara oleh pendidik di tengah penutupan sekolah untuk mengantisipasi virus corona. Namun implementasi tersebut dinilai tidak maksimal dan menunjukkan masih ada ketidaksiapan di kalangan pendidik untuk beradaptasi di iklim digital (Charismiadji, 2020). Banyak sekolah yang menerapkan metode pemberian tugas secara daring bagi para siswa.Penugasan itu dilakukan melalui berbagai media sosial yang tersedia, terutama whatsapp grup. Dalam kondisi darurat karena adanya virus corona seperti sekarang, bentuk penugasan yang dipandang efektif dalam pembelajaran jarak jauh. Konsekuensinya, pengenalan konsep mengenai suatu pelajaran sebagaimana yangditerapkan dalam pembelajaran tatap muka tidak bisa berjalan dengan baik. Dalampembelajaran tatap muka akan ada penyampaian konsep pembelajaran dan tujuannya terlebih dahulu. Kemudian pembelajaran berlanjut sampai pemahaman dan pengembangannya. Tahapan-tahapan tersebut dinilai tidak berjalan dengan baik dalam situasi darurat seperti sekarang (Charismiadji, 2020)
HOSPITALITAS DALAM MENCEGAH KONFLIK ATAU PERSELISIHAN DALAM RELASI ISLAM-KRISTEN
Authors: PAdamg Ema Alla
Published: April 2021

Konflik atau Perselisihan antara umat beragama khususnya di indonesia yang sering kita jumpai di kalangan masyarakat sangat meresahkan bagi umat manapun yang bersangkutan khususnya bagi umat islam dan kristen. Banyak faktor yang mendorong terjadinya hal demikian , sehingga dalam tulisan ini akan saya paparkan beberapa penyebab timbulnya perselisihan antar agama.
Gaya hidup dan tanggungjawab pendeta di jemaat batang palli
Authors: Palemba Meti
Published: April 2021

Dalam lingkup gereja gaya hidup menjadi yang terpenting bagi seorang pendeta dan juga jemaat dalam melakukan pelayanannya.
HOSPITALITAS KRISTEN SEBAGAI UPAYA UNTUK MENCEGAH KONFLIK PERSAINGAN DAN MEMELIHARA KERUKUNAN RUMAH KOST DI LEMBAH KASIH MENGKENDEK
Authors: Runggang Agustinus
Published: April 2021

Tulisan ini akan memaparkan bahwa begitu banyak rumah kost ycang telah dibangun serta dalam proses pembangunan di sekitaran lembah kasih yang menawarkan berbagai fasilitas sehingga persaingan semakin ketat. Bisnis rumah kost sebagai binis baru di kalangan dosen serta masyarakat akan terus berlanjut kedepannya dan ikut mewarnai perjalanan kehidupan mahasiswa IAKN Toraja yang akan menjadi bagian dari anggota rumah kost tersebut. Tulisan ini juga akan memaparkan bagaimana hubungan antara pemilik kost dengan tetangga pemilik kost lainnya, serta hubungan antara antara anak kost dengan sesamanya. Maka dari itu tulisan ini anak meneliti bagaimana agar persaingan bisnis rumah kost di lembah kasih tidak menimbulkan konflik yang dapat menjatuhkan orang lain. Pemilik rumah kost akan terus berupaya untuk terus membuat rumah kost dengan sebaik-baiknya dengan menawarkan berbagai fasilitas yang mampu menarik perhatian calon penghuni kost. Tulisan ini juga akan memperlihatkan bagaimana konsumen atau mahasiswa memilih rumah kost yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan dengan tetap memperhatikan fasilitas yang memadai seperti air bersih oleh karena di sekitaran daerah Mengkendek sangat sulit untuk mendapatkan air bersih serta keamanan dan kenyamanan sehingga konsumen atau mahasiswa dapat belajar dengan baik.
HOSPITALITAS Kristen: Toleransi Antar Umat Beragama Masyarakat Modern Dalam Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Enjhela Dewi Yermawati
Published: April 2021

AbstrakDalam masyarakat modern saat ini yang terdiri dari agama yang berbeda-beda sangat rentan terhadap konflik. Pada masyarakat modern ini, ada perbedaan latar belakang keagamaan yang tidak membuat mereka berkonflik antara agama yang satu dengan agama yang lainnya. Hal ini disebabakan karena adanya toleransi antar umat beragama yang sangat tinggi dengan melalui interaksi sosial yang berkembang dengan baik dalam Masyarakat modern saat ini. Toleransi yang sangat tinggi dalam umat beragama ini terjadi kerjasama antara kelompok agama yang satu dengan yang lainnya. Dengan melalui inilah mereka saling berpandangan bahwa agama dan keyakinan disini merupakan urusan pribadi pada masing-masing kelompok agama dimana terdapat kesadaran untuk saling menghormati dan menghargai serta adanya kesepakatan untuk tidak mengganggu keyakinan orang lain atau menjatuhkan keyakinan orang lain.
Hospitalitas Kristen Dalam Pembentukan Mental Di Tengah Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Allo Agustina Bu'tu
Published: April 2021

Seperti yang sudah kita ketahui, pada tahun 2019 muncul virus yang menggemparkan dunia. Dimana virus itu adalah virus Corona atau Covid-19. Virus ini bermula dari Wuhan di China dimana Virus ini menimbulkan ketakutan tersendiri kepada tiap-tiap negara. Hingga pada akhirnya Virus ini menyebar dan membuat setiap negara atau masyarakatnya memiliki ketakutan yang mungkin mempengaruhi kehidupan mereka. Salah satunya di Indonesia sendiri, dimana virus ini memberikan pengaruh besar terhadap orang dewasa maupun anak-anak. Keadaan mental pasti terjadi dalam masyarakat karena Virus ini. Keadaan mental biasanya dipicu oleh ketakutan atau kecemasan yag berlebihan. Oleh karena Covid-19 ini mereka tidak lagi dapat bertemu dengan teman mereka, bahkan ada juga yang jadi pengangguran karena dipecat dari pekerjaan mereka. Dapat kita lihat bahwa Covid-19 ini berpengaruh besar dalam kehidupan sosial masyarakat. Utamanya untuk anak-anak, mereka yang biasanya keluar bermain dengan teman-teman mereka harus dipaksa untuk tetap diam di rumah, belajar di rumah secara pribadi. Bila kita mengamati hal ini, bagi anak-anak yang tidak mengerti tentang Virus ini, mereka akan tertekan dan bisa mengakibatkan mentalnya terganggu. Bahkan sikap dan perilaku mereka yang cenderung berubah-ubah.
Hospitalitas sebagai pemimpin(majelis gereja) dan hubugannya dengan gereja
Authors: Ratte Firmansyah
Published: April 2021

Tulisan ini menguraikan tentang dampak atau pengaruh teknologi bagi anak milenial zaman sekarang. Teknologi bukan hanya dapat mempengaruhi anak milenial namun dapat juga mempengaruhi seorang pemimpin dalam Gereja misalnya ketika ibadah sedang berlangsung ada seorang majelis yang melakukan siaran langsung sehingga anggota jemaat tidak fokus dalam beribadah, Seperti yang kita tahu bahwa pemimpin dalam gereja adalah pemimpin yang bisa di contoh oleh jemaatnya, menjadi teladan dalam gereja tetapi hal tersebut tidak sesuai dengan yang terjadi. Oleh sebab itu, tulisan ini akan menguraikan bagaimana seorang pemimpin dalam menaggapi kehadiran teknologi? Penelitian ini dirampungkan melalui pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif dengan teknik observasi.
HOSPITALITAS KRISTEN DAN KERUKUNAN KEHIDUPAN BERAGAMA DI BERBAGAI DAERAH DI INDONESIA
Authors: Palattae Biring Ere
Published: April 2021

Membangun kerukunan agama merupakan agenda yang tidak ringan. Agenda ini harus dijalankan dengan hati-hati karena mengingat agama lebih melibatkan aspek emosi daripada rasio, yaitu lebih menegaskan “klaim kebenaran” daripada “mencari kebenaran”. Meskipun sejumlah pedoman telah digulirkan, pada umumnya masih sering terjadi gesekan-gesekan di tingkat lapangan, terutama berkaitan dengan penyiaran agama, pembangunan rumah ibadah, dan kerukunan hidup antar umat beragama.Selain itu, agama juga membuka peluang munculnya paham-paham yang berbeda. Perbedaan paham yang menghayati agama itu, pada gilirannya dapat mengganggu hubungan intern umat beragama karena antara satu dengan yang lain sering saling menyalahkan kalangan masyarakat yang memiliki paham keagamaan yang berbeda dengan institusi resmi akan memendam rasa kecewa yang diwujudkan dalam berbagai bentuk respon. Bentuk yang paling bahaya rasa kecewa itu adalah membangun komunitas sendiri yang terpisah dari masyarakat umum. Dalam hal ini jelas merupakan kondisi yang memudahkan terjadinya konflik. Dalam meningkatkan kerukunan antar umat beragama terdapat beberapa ancaman yaitu sikap agresif para pemeluk agama, organisasi-organisasi keagamaan yang cenderung menekankan peningkatan jumlah anggota daripada perbaikan kualitatif keimanan anggota serta perbedaan sosial ekonomi antar para penganut agama.
Implementasi Gereja Adalah Persekutuan Orang Percaya : Masalah Kekuasaan Dan Kesombongan Yang Menyebabkan Munculnya “Ego”
Authors: Yaperson Modi
Published: April 2021

Gereja adalah sebuah persekutuan orang-orang percaya kepada Yesus Kristus. Dan mereka dipanggil dari kegelapan kepada terang atau dari kehidupan yang dulunya rusak karena dosa kepada persekutuan orang-orang percaya yang telah diselamatkan oleh darah Yesus Kristus lewat penyaliban-Nya di kayu salib sebagai bukti bahwa kita telah ditebus dari dosa dan kita diselamatkan. Implementasi Gereja dalam perspektif persekutuan dalam konteks sekarang ini, suatu analisa kritis terhadap anggota Gereja yang selalu menganggap bahwa dirinya selalu benar dalam persoalan musyawarah dalam gereja untuk pengambilan keputusan. Hal yang memunculkan masalah ego adalah faktor kesombongan dan kekuasaan yang ada pada setiap anggota jemaat. Adapun tujuan penelitian sebagai berikut: 1) memberikan pengertian tentang makna Gereja yang sesungguhnya dan dampak kesombongan dalam persekutuan. 2) Memberikan konsep dasar bagi anggota Jemaat mengenai arti persekutuan sebagai Tubuh Kristus. 3) Memberikan pemahaman tentang demokratis dalam Gereja agar menghidari perpecahan karena perbedaan pendapat yang sering terjadi. Metode penulisan yang dipakai adalah metode kuantitatif, yaitu penulis menggunakan buku dan jurnal sebagai sumber referensi dan diamati yang sesuai dengan penulisan artikel ini. Dan metode empiris, yaitu dimana pengalaman penulis mengenai masalah dalam Gereja yang sering terjadi dan penulis mengamati mengenai masalah tersebut.
HOSPITALITAS GEREJA DALAM MEWUJUDKAN KERUKUNAN HIDUP ANTAR UMAT BERAGAMA DI LINGKUNGAN MASYARAKAT DAN PERAN PEMUDA DALAM PERTUMBUHAN JEMAAT
Authors: Langgu Marini
Published: April 2021

Show that the church in realizing harmony and even the role of youth in the growth of the congregation is not young. However, if you really do it, it can have a good impact. An attitude that always works together and trusts each other and does not fall apart is the key to everything. If there is no harmont, there will also be no peace between religious communities around. And with the role of youth we can see or even know the extent to which the church can develop properly. And youth servants must have a set goal.
THE ROLE OF COGNITIVE CONTROL AND RUMINATION IN PREDICTING DEPRESSION AMONG ADOLESCENTS WITH INTERNALIZING DISORDERS
Authors: Jandrić Sanja , Kurtović Ana , Kovač Vlatka , Benić Domagoj , Rogulja Stanislav , Dodig-Ćurković Katarina
Published: April 2021

Background: Given the high prevalence of internalizing disorders among adolescents, it is necessary to define the factors affecting the development and course of psychopathology. Nolen Hoeksema demonstrated the effect of rumination on the development of various forms of psychopathology in adults, while recent data suggest that cognitive control may be a factor underlying this relationship. The aim of this study is to investigate the relation between cognitive control impairments and symptoms of depression through rumination in adolescents suffering from internalizing psychiatric disorders.Subjects and methods: The study included 100 adolescents of both genders diagnosed with internalizing psychiatric disorders at the Unit for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry at University Hospital Center Osijek. During psychodiagnostic assessment, subjects completed Youth self report, CANTAB Intra-dimensional/extra-dimensional (IED) task, The Ruminative Response Scale, and Beck Depression Inventory-II.Results: The results indicate a clinically significant level of internalizing symptoms and a clinically and subclinically high level of depressive symptoms. The results also show a high positive correlation between internalizing symptoms, rumination, and depressive symptoms, as well as a positive correlation between female gender and internalizing symptoms, rumination, and depressive symptoms. Significant predictors of depression are female gender and rumination while cognitive control has not been detected as a significant predictor.Conclusion: The results of the study emphasize the importance of rumination in the prediction of depressive symptoms in internalizing psychiatric disorders among adolescents and, accordingly, the importance of rumination as a clinical variable in terms of implications in the prevention and treatment of internalizing psychopathology.
HOSPITALITAS KRISTEN SEBAGAI UPAYA MENCEGAH BULLYING YANG MENGAKIBATKAN BUNUH DIRI DI KALANGAN PEMUDA KRISTEN
Authors: Pasenggong Vemiati
Published: April 2021

Tulisan ini memperlihatkan bahwa di zaman globalisasi sekarang ini bullying merupakan tindakan yang sudah lazim lagi. Tidakan bullyin adalah suatu hal yang dianggap biasa – biasa saja oleh beberapa orang atau kelompok. Terkadang bullying dilakukan oleh individu, tetapi juga biasa dilakukan secara berkelompok. Dengan tindakan bullying seseorang akan merasa bahwa dirinya yang paling berkuasa. Akibatnyapun sangat bermacam-macam, tergantung dari yang mengalaminya. Akan tetapi ada beberapa orang akibat dari tindakan bullying yang sangat tragis atau memprihatikan yaitu bunuh diri. Bunuh diri merupakan fenomena yang tidak lazim lagi terjadi di kalangan para remaja dan pemuda kristen bahkan orang tua. Fenomena bunuh diri di kalangan pemuda kristen sangat marak terjadi. Tingkat bunuh diri bervariasi mulai dari ide bunuh diri, ancaman bunuh diri, percobaan bunuh diri dan tindakan bunuh diri. Penyebab bunuh diripun bermacam – macam penyebabnya. Oleh karena itu, tulisan ini akan meneliti faktor penyebab bunuh diri di masayarakat. Tulisan ini juga akan memperlihatkan tugas gereja dalam mencegah tindakan bullying yang mengakibatkan bunuh diri.
Hospitalitas Gereja Dalam Mencegah kekerasan dan Konflik di Papua
Authors: yusnita Desy Milenia
Published: April 2021

Abstrak: Dalam suatu Negara tidak lepas dengan yang namanya kekerasan dan konflik misalnya kekerasan dan konflik antara perorangan, suku yang satu antara suku yang lain, antara daerah yang satu dengan yang lain dan masih banyak lagi, dengan berbagai permasalahan yang menimbulkan konflik dari masalah yang kecil sampai masalah yang besar. Dan itu pun terjadi di Negara Indonesia dengan banyaknya suku dan daerah yang mempunyi banyak perbedaan yang ada, seperti konflik yang terjadi di Papua yang terjadi sejak tahun 1963 hingga saat ini konflik tersebut masih terjadi yang disebabkan berbagai aspek seperti konflik antara militer dengan beberapa orang Papua meski pun Papau adalah salah satu bagian internal dari Negara Indonesia atau konflik antara masyarakat Papua dengan masayrakat Jawa Timur. Dan konflik ini juga di picu dari beberapa masalah yaitu kurangnya pembangunan infrastruktur, Ham dan sebagainya. Dari penelitian ini menghasilkan dari tiga poin yaitu pertama awal terjadi konflik dan factor penyebab terjadinya kekerasan di Papua, yang kedua yaitu hospitalitas gereja dalam mencegah kekerasan. Dan yang ketiga yaitu cara aparat negera menyelasaikan permasalahan yang terjadi.