bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of Disease-Specific mHealth Apps in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus: Scoping Review (Preprint)
Authors: Eberle Claudia , Löhnert Maxine , Stichling Stefanie
Published: August 2020

BACKGROUND

According to the World Health Organization, the worldwide prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) is increasing dramatically and DM comprises a large part of the global burden of disease. At the same time, the ongoing digitalization that is occurring in society today offers novel possibilities to deal with this challenge, such as the creation of mobile health (mHealth) apps. However, while a great variety of DM-specific mHealth apps exist, the evidence in terms of their clinical effectiveness is still limited.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this review was to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of mHealth apps in DM management by analyzing health-related outcomes in patients diagnosed with type 1 DM (T1DM), type 2 DM (T2DM), and gestational DM.

METHODS

A scoping review was performed. A systematic literature search was conducted in MEDLINE (PubMed), Cochrane Library, EMBASE, CINAHL, and Web of Science Core Collection databases for studies published between January 2008 and October 2020. The studies were categorized by outcomes and type of DM. In addition, we carried out a meta-analysis to determine the impact of DM-specific mHealth apps on the management of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c).

RESULTS

In total, 27 studies comprising 2887 patients were included. We analyzed 19 randomized controlled trials, 1 randomized crossover trial, 1 exploratory study, 1 observational study, and 5 pre-post design studies. Overall, there was a clear improvement in HbA1c values in patients diagnosed with T1DM and T2DM. In addition, positive tendencies toward improved self-care and self-efficacy as a result of mHealth app use were found. The meta-analysis revealed an effect size, compared with usual care, of a mean difference of –0.54% (95% CI –0.8 to –0.28) for T2DM and –0.63% (95% CI –0.93 to –0.32) for T1DM.

CONCLUSIONS

DM-specific mHealth apps improved the glycemic control by significantly reducing HbA1c values in patients with T1DM and T2DM patients. In general, mHealth apps effectively enhanced DM management. However, further research in terms of clinical effectiveness needs to be done in greater detail.
Association Between LGB Sexual Orientation and Depression Mediated by Negative Social Media Experiences: National Survey Study of US Young Adults (Preprint)
Authors: Escobar-Viera César G , Shensa Ariel , Sidani Jaime , Primack Brian , Marshal Michael P
Published: August 2020

BACKGROUND

Lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) persons are disproportionately affected by depression and have high social media use rates. Negative social media experiences may modify depressive symptoms among LGB persons. We sought to assess the potential influence of negative social media experiences on the association between LGB orientation and depression.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to assess the potential influence of negative social media experiences on the association between LGB orientation and depression.

METHODS

We performed a web-based survey of a national sample of US young adults aged 18-30 years. We assessed the respondents’ LGB orientation, negative social media experiences, and depression using the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire. We used generalized structural equation modeling to assess both the direct and indirect effects (via negative social media experiences) of LGB orientation on depression while controlling for relevant demographic and personal characteristics.

RESULTS

We found a conditional indirect effect (ab path) of LGB orientation on depressive symptoms via negative social media experience (a: observed coefficient 0.229; P<.001; bias-corrected bootstrapped 95% CI 0.162-0.319, and b: observed coefficient 2.158; P<.001; bias-corrected bootstrapped 95% CI 1.840-2.494). The results show that among LGB respondents, for those who reported negative social media experiences in the past year, a 1 unit increase in these experiences was associated with a 0.494 unit increase in depressive symptomatology.

CONCLUSIONS

Our results suggest that higher rates of depression among LGB young adults are partially explained by negative social media experiences; these results could help inform future patient/provider conversations about mental health risk and protective factors related to social media use. Reducing these experiences and increasing positive social media experiences among LGB persons may mitigate depressive symptomatology in this population.
Personalized Behavioral Nutrition Intervention in Older Asian Americans with Type 2 Diabetes during COVID-19 Pandemic: Study Protocol for a Pilot, Hybrid, Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Ko Jisook , Du Yan , Jiwani Rozmin , Li Chengdong , Wang Jing
Published: August 2020

BACKGROUND

The COVID-19 pandemic has challenged the in-person-based self-management approach (i.e., face-to-face or group approach) of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Older adults with T2D, including Asian Americans (AAs), have experienced worsening of diabetes control due to various reasons, including uncertainty of continuous access to essential diabetes medications, devices, education, limited health literacy, as well as constant anxiety and stress. Hybrid clinical trials that incorporate virtual elements into the in-person-based study could provide these vulnerable populations with accessible and timely interventions

OBJECTIVE

The primary aims of this pilot study are to determine (1) the effect of personalized behavioral nutrition (PBN) intervention on glycemic control, weight control, and metabolites profiles; and (2) the acceptability of PBN. to enhance glycemic control using personalized behavioral nutrition.

METHODS

Participants will be recruited with a web-based registry, advertisements in ethnic newspapers, and social network services popular among AAs. A total of 60 AAs, aged 65 years or older, who are descendants of Chinese, Korean, or South Asian, and have a diagnosis of T2D will be randomized into two groups: a PBN group (n=30) and a control group (n=30). A 4-week PBN intervention comprises three components: 1) digital self-monitoring; 2) personal nutrition change goals and recommendations; and 3) diabetes nutrition educations. All participants will complete digital self-monitoring on diet, physical activity, and blood glucose. In addition, all participants will access an interactive digital platform to track their self-monitoring data and communicate with the research team. The effectiveness and acceptability of implementing the intervention will be assessed.

RESULTS

Funding support and institutional review board approval for this study have been secured. Data collection started in August 2020 and is ongoing.

CONCLUSIONS

To our knowledge, this is the first study to determine the effectiveness and acceptability of PBN utilizing a metabolomics approach and digital-assisted intervention with hybrid RCT among older AAs. The findings of this pilot study will inform the development of a full-scale PBN protocol and hybrid clinical trials that can be adapted for people with T2D in the ongoing pandemic.
Impact of Chronic Use of Antimalarials on SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Patients With Immune-Mediated Rheumatic Diseases: Protocol for a Multicentric Observational Cohort Study (Preprint)
Authors: Gomides Ana , Ferreira Gilda , Kakehasi Adriana , Lacerda Marcus , Marques Cláudia , Mota Licia , Paiva Eduardo , Pileggi Gecilmara , Provenza José , Reis-Neto Edgard , Sampaio Vanderson , Xavier Ricardo , Pinheiro Marcelo
Published: August 2020

BACKGROUND

COVID-19, caused by the virus SARS-CoV-2, has brought extensive challenges to the scientific community in recent months. Several studies have been undertaken in an attempt to minimize the impact of the disease worldwide. Although new knowledge has been quickly disseminated, including viral mechanisms, pathophysiology, and clinical findings, there is a lack of information on the effective pharmacological management of this disease. In vitro studies have shown some benefits related to the use of antimalarials (chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine) for inhibiting SARS-CoV-2. However, the data from open clinical trials on COVID-19 patients are controversial.

OBJECTIVE

We present the protocol for a research project that compares the potential protective effect of antimalarials in preventing moderate-to-severe forms of COVID-19 in two groups: (1) patients treated chronically with antimalarials for rheumatic diseases and (2) other members of the patients’ household who have not been diagnosed with rheumatic diseases and are not taking antimalarials.

METHODS

This is a 24-week, prospective, observational cohort study comprising patients from public and private health services across Brazil, who chronically use antimalarials for the treatment of immune-mediated rheumatic diseases, osteoarthritis, or chikungunya-related arthropathy. A total of six sequential phone interviews were scheduled during the COVID-19 outbreak in five different regions of Brazil. Information regarding social, epidemiological, and demographic data, as well as details about rheumatic diseases, antimalarials, comorbidities, and concomitant medication, is being recorded using a specific online form in the REDCap database. Symptoms suggestive of COVID-19, including fever, cough, dyspnea, anosmia, and dysgeusia, are being self-reported and collected via phone interviews. Our main outcomes are hospitalization, need of intensive care unit, and death.

RESULTS

Recruitment began at the end of March 2020, and the inclusion was done during an 8-week period (from March 29 to May 17) with a total of 10,443 individuals enrolled at baseline, 5166 of whom have rheumatic diseases, from 23 tertiary rheumatology centers across 97 Brazilian cities. Data analysis is scheduled to begin after all inclusion data have been collected.

CONCLUSIONS

This study, which includes a large sample of chronic antimalarial users, will allow us to explore whether SARS-CoV-2 infection may be associated with immune-mediated rheumatic diseases and long-term antimalarial usage.

CLINICALTRIAL

Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials RBR–9KTWX6; http://www.ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/rg/RBR-9ktwx6/

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/23532
Correction: Effectiveness of Mobile App-Assisted Self-Care Interventions for Improving Patient Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes and/or Hypertension: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials (Preprint)
Authors: Liu Kaifeng , Xie Zhenzhen , Or Calvin Kalun
Published: August 2020

UNSTRUCTURED

Mobile app-assisted self-care interventions are emerging promising tools to support self-care of patients with chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes and hypertension. The effectiveness of such interventions requires further exploration for more supporting evidence. A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were conducted to examine the effectiveness of mobile app-assisted self-care interventions developed for type 2 diabetes and/or hypertension in improving patient outcomes. We followed the Cochrane Collaboration guidelines and searched MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and CINAHL Plus for relevant studies published between January 2007 and January 2019. Primary outcomes included changes in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels, systolic blood pressure (SBP), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP). Changes in other clinical-, behavioral-, knowledge-, and psychosocial-related outcomes were included as secondary outcomes. Primary outcomes and objective secondary outcomes that were reported in at least two trials were meta-analyzed; otherwise, a narrative synthesis was used for data analysis. A total of 27 trials were identified and analyzed. For primary outcomes, the use of mobile app-assisted self-care interventions was associated with significant reductions in HbA1c levels (standardized mean difference [SMD] −0.44, 95% CI −0.59 to −0.29; P<.001), SBP (SMD −0.17, 95% CI −0.31 to −0.03, P=.02), and DBP (SMD −0.17, 95% CI −0.30 to −0.03, P=.02). Subgroup analyses for primary outcomes showed that several intervention features were supportive of self-management, including blood glucose, blood pressure, and medication monitoring, communication with health care providers, automated feedback, personalized goal setting, reminders, education materials, and data visualization. In addition, 8 objective secondary outcomes were meta-analyzed, which showed that the interventions had significant lowering effects on fasting blood glucose levels and waist circumference. A total of 42 secondary outcomes were narratively synthesized, and mixed results were found. Mobile app-assisted self-care interventions can be effective tools for managing blood glucose and blood pressure, likely because their use facilitates remote management of health issues and data, provision of personalized self-care recommendations, patient–care provider communication, and decision making. More studies are required to further determine which combinations of intervention features are most effective in improving the control of the diseases. Moreover, evidence regarding the effects of these interventions on the behavioral, knowledge, and psychosocial outcomes of patients is still scarce, which warrants further examination.
Are We Walking to the Future or to the Past? A Retrospective Analysis of Professional Nursing during the Pandemic of 2020, Dating back to the Crimean War, 1853-1856
Authors: Silverstein Christine M.
Published: August 2020

This retrospective analysis, based on facts derived from contemporary news media, videos, and journal articles, scrutinizes a White House televised ceremony that celebrated National Nurses Day on May 6, 2020 during the COVID-19 pandemic and the #MeToo movement. On the surface, it appears that nurses were honored by the President, but a deeper look beneath reveals otherwise. This historian explores two pivotal moments during the ceremony that changed the focus from a celebration to a campaign event, which occurred when a female nurse practitioner stepped out of line to posit that personal protective equipment was “sporadic” and President Trump’s reaction to it. Although counterintuitive, queries arise as to whether the Commander-in-Chief celebrated professional nursing or denigrated it, as nurses kowtowed to authoritarian rule and unwittingly abandoned the time-honored principles of facts, science, and caring in professional nursing extant since its inception. Retrospectively, documents from archives are examined and the biographies of two transformational leaders, Hildegard Peplau and Florence Nightingale. These questions are asked: In 2020 how would they uphold their high standards and teachings today that set the stage for the evolution of professional nursing? What role would therapeutic interpersonal interactions of caring in nursing play in the 21st century?
Online Classes during COVID-19 Pandemic in Higher Learning Institutions in Africa
Authors: Joseph Paschal Mahona , Mkulu Demetria Gerold
Published: August 2020

During COVID-19 period students usually had to go to a physical place for learning. Nonetheless, the outbreak of the COVID-19 has birthed an array of highly creative innovations that have cut across several industries but has exposed the lack of technology in these sectors including the already fragmented education sector of African countries which needs restructuring and transforming. Many public and private Universities have had to be reactive but face steep contextual challenges in the conventional methods of creating, delivering, and capturing value in the education sector. This paper aimed to investigate online classes during the COVID-19 pandemic in different universities in Africa with a focus on five universities. The study adopted the Constructivist Theory. The research was guided by three main objectives including (1) To explore the effectiveness of online education in African Universities; (2) To assess the challenges facing online classes during COVID-19 in African universities; and (3) To determine possible strategies to curb challenges facing online education in higher learning institutions during COVID-19 and post-pandemic in Africa. The study employed a qualitative and quantitative method in data collection. The targeted population is lecture students from five Universities in African countries including Tanzania. The result of the study indicated that students learned more in less time and liked their classes more when ICT-based instruction was included. Notwithstanding, the majority of the participants demonstrated that learners in higher institutions in Africa have trouble accessing the E-learning technology system.
Pembatalan Perjanjian Pengikatan Jual Beli (PPJB) Kondominium Akibat Wanprestasi
Authors: Abel Agustian
Published: August 2020

ABSTRAK

Indonesia adalah Negara berkembang.Seiring dengan perkembangannya yang pesat, berkembang juga hal-hal di bidang property, misalnya peminat dalam jual beli kondominium atau yang lebih dikenal dengan istilah apartment.Namun seiring dengan banyaknya peminat dalam hal jual beli kondominium tersebut tak jarang juga menimbulkan berbagai problematika.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hal-hal yang dapat menyebabkan batalnya akta Perjanjian Pengikatan Jual Beli (PPJB) atas Kondominium serta mengetahui akibat hukum apabila dilakukan pembatalan perjanjian.Kelalaian dapat merugikan salah satu pihak, akibatnya hal ini dapat menyebabkan dibatalkannya suatu perjanjian. Sedangkan akibat batalnya Perjanjian Pengikatan Jual Beli (PPJB) atas Kondominium yang dibuat dihadapan notaris karena wanprestasi dapat berupa denda, sanksi, pembatalanterhadap akta yang dibuat dihadapan notaris, dan pembayaran biaya perkara akibat pembatalan Perjanjian Pengikatan Jual Beli (PPJB). Dalam penelitian ini, digunakan metode penelitian yuridis normatif, dalam melakukan pengkajian terhadap Undang-Undang. Adapun hasil dari penelitian yang dapat diberikan dalam penelitian ini adalah penyebab batalnya Perjanjian Pengikatan Jual Beli (PPJB) atas Kondominium dapat dikarenakan oleh adanya pihak yang tidak memberikan prestasi yang telah disepakati, sehingga menyebabkan kerugian disalah satu pihak.

 

Kata Kunci : Pembatalan PPJB, Wanprestasi
Analisis Yuridis Kepemilikan Hak Atas Tanah Terdaftar Atas Nama Anak Yang Bersumber Dari Nominee Akta (Studi Putusan Nomor: 433K/PDT/2016)
Authors: Siregar Muhammad Takkas
Published: August 2020

Nominee Arrangement drafted by a Notary has quite wide range of usage because it contains authority. Nominee is principally an agreement that is not assertively specifically regulated, but in practice, it is used as an agreement with name borrowing which existence frequently brings negative impacts and financial loss to all parties if its deed is proceeded.

            The objective of this research was to analyze the legal regulations related to notarial deed drafting categorized into deed of nomination, the legal status of the land title registered with the name of a child mentioned in a nominee deed, and the Verdict of the Supreme Court Number 433K/Pdt/2016. Normative juridical research method is employed with descriptive analysis. The data are collected through library study. The research problems are about the land title ownership sourced from nominee or name borrowing. The legal regulations on notarial deeds that are categorized into deed of nomination causes many legal problems in practice; thus, the practice of nominee arrangement has to be made with a supporting agreement to build legal relationship among all parties, that the legal smuggling seems legitimate and has legal ground.

            The results demonstrate that the usage of nominee concept in land ownership is aimed at protecting the confidentiality of the true owner’s name and identity from public and government. The legal status of deed of nomination is not specifically regulated, but the Law on Capital Market and Law on Limited Liability Companies stipulate regulations on nominee. The analysis result of this verdict is that the judges should be more conscientious in analyzing, deciding, and pronouncing the verdict by involving competent experts; it can be made guidance to make decision. The ruling issued by a court reflects a just legal protection for all disputed parties in Indonesia.
Jual Beli Di Bawah Tangan Terhadap Lahan Tempat Tinggal Transmigran Di Nagari Ranah Palabi Kecamatan Timpeh Kabupaten Dharmasraya Provinsi Sumatera Barat (Studi Pada Kantor Pertanahan Kabupaten Dharmasraya Provinsi Sumatera Barat)
Authors: Putra Randa Iolanda
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT

The registration of land rights concerning title status, right subject, and right object is intended to guarantee legal certainty, legal protection, utility. According to UUPA, PP on Land Registration, and its derivation, it is one of the activities of safeguarding the land. The change in physical data and/or juridical data include the coverage of land registration data by transaction which can be proved with PPAT certificate. In reality, in Nagari Ranah Palabi, the transaction is done underhendedly on land title of the transmigrant settlement. The research problem is how about the cause, legal standing, and registration of the transfer of underhanded land transaction on the land right of transmigrant settlement. The research theories are the theory of legal certainty, theory of legal protection, and theory of utility. The research used juridical empirical and descriptive analytic method by analyzing primary data obtained directly from the people in the field. It wa done in Nagari Ranah Palabi, Timpeh Sub-district, Dharmasraya Regency, West Sumatera Province.

The result of the reseacrh shows that underhanded transaction of the land of transmigrant settlement includes inexpensive cost, quick process, and easy to do. Legal standing of the transactiondoes not meet material requiment since it is not a certificate made before a PPAT even thougt it is allowed materially. Consequently, it cannot be registered in the Land Office and filing the claim to Court cannot do the proceeding because there is no dispute in it. Therefore, the request for the right for the land cannot be accepted by the Court.

It is recommended thet legal counseling about legal consequense of underhanded transaction of the land for residence be provided. Accurate regulation for the people on land right for residence concerning formal preprequisite should be made – certificate made before a PPAT for registering land title transfer. Concerning the absence of the seller or ‘afwezigheid’ the buyer has the right to lodge a request the land right in the transmigrant land.

Keywords : Land Transaction;Land for Residence;Transmigrant.
Peran Notaris Dalam Pengesahan Pendirian Perseroan Terbatas Melalui Sistem Administrasi Badan Hukum (SABH)
Authors: Fauzan Salim
Published: August 2020

SABH adalah Sistem Administrasi Badan Hukum dalam permohonanpenyelesaian badan hukum Perseroan Terbatas yang dilakukan secara elektronikmenggunakan media Internet secara online. Sebuah prosedur adalah kunci darisuatu sistem hukum yang berlaku, tanpa prosedur yang benar dan sesuai denganundang-undang serta ketentuan yang berlaku, maka seluruh sistem tersebut akantimpang, sehingga prosedur memegang peranan penting dalam sebuahkeberlangsungan suatu sistem. Begitu pula dalam sistem pengesahan pendirianPerseroan Terbatas, dimana peranan notaris adalah sebuah mata rantai dariseluruh prosedurnya..Metode penulisan yaitu metode penelitian hukum yuridis normatif, metode pendekatan yang digunakan adalah metode pendekatan perundang-undangan dan metode pendekatan konseptual, pengumpulan bahan hukum dalam penelitian ini adalah bahan hukum primer, bahan hukum sekunder, dan bahan hukum tersier, yang dengan caramenginventarisasikan,menginterprestasikan, mengsistematisasikan, mengevaluasi, mengklasifikasikan serta penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian Jurnal ini menunjukan bahwa pendirian Perseroan Terbatas melalui SABH dimulai dengan dilakukannya permohonan pemesanan.nama perseroan dan ditindak lanjuti dengan pembuatan akta pendirian PT. Berdasarkan kuasa yang diberikan oleh para pendiri kepada Notaris sebagai pemohon, pemohon melakukan pembayaran PNBP pengesahan dan BN/TBN. Selanjutnya, dalam jangka waktu 60 (enam puluh) hari terhitung dari tanggal pembuatan akta, Notaris melakukan pengisian data PT dan menyampaikan kepada Kementerian Hukum dan HAM sesuai dengan format SABH secara elektronik
Improved Detection of Abnormal Glucose Tolerance in Africans: The Value of Combining Hemoglobin A1c with Glycated Albumin
Authors: Hobabagabo Arsene F. , Osei-Tutu Nana H. , Hormenu Thomas , Shoup Elyssa M. , DuBose Christopher W. , Mabundo Lilian S. , Ha Joon , Sherman Arthur , Chung Stephanie T. , Sacks David B. , Sumner Anne E.
Published: August 2020

Objectives: In African-born blacks living in America, we determined by
BMI category: (a) prevalence of Abnl-GT; (b)
diagnostic value and reproducibility of HbA1c, fructosamine and GA.

Methods: Participants (n=416, male: 66%; BMI: 27.7±4.5kg/m2
(mean±SD)) had OGTT with HbA1c, GA, and fructosamine assayed. These
glycemic markers were repeated 11±7d later. Abnl-GT diagnosis required: 0h≥5.6mmol/L
(≥100 mg/dL) and/or 2h≥7.8mmol/L (≥140 mg/dL). Thresholds for HbA1c, GA and
fructosamine were the values at the 75th percentile for the
population (39 mmol/mol (5.7%), 14.2%, 234µmol/L, respectively).

Results: Abnl-GT prevalence in the nonobese and
obese were: 34% vs. 42%, (P=0.124). Reproducibility was excellent for HbA1c and
GA (both κ≥0.8), but moderate
for fructosamine (κ=0.6). Focusing
on HbA1c and GA in the nonobese, we found as single tests the sensitivities
of HbA1c and GA were: 36% vs. 37%, (P=0.529). Combining HbA1c and GA, sensitivity
increased to 58% because GA identified 37% of Africans with Abnl-GT not
detected by HbA1c (P-value: both tests vs. HbA1c alone
<0.001). For the obese,
sensitivities for HbA1c, GA and the combined tests were: 60%, 27%,
67%, respectively. Combined test sensitivity did not differ from HbA1c
alone (P=0.25) because
GA detected only 10% of obese Africans with Abnl-GT not detected by HbA1c.

Conclusion: Adding GA
to HbA1c improves detection of Abnl-GT in nonobese Africans.
The Coefficient of Broad-Crested Weir in Natural Channels
Authors: Said Ahmed
Published: August 2020

Weirs have been designed and used extensively in hydraulic structures to control the flow depth and discharge. To estimate the discharge over the weir, a weir coefficient is required. The discharge coefficient can be obtained experimentally as a function of the dimensionless total head of the approaching flow or as a function of various parameters. However, a universally acceptable discharge coefficient does not exist. Beside the man-made weirs that have been constructed by hydraulic engineers, some natural channel characteristics and slopes can be simulated as broad-crested weirs that are clearly noticeable in examining water surface profiles. The study area is Centralia watershed in Central Florida, which contains several cascades of step like waterfalls that can be selected for transecting. Cross-section data from 5 transects and detailed hydraulic data was obtained using the Digital terrain model (DTM) and the Triangular Irregular Network (TIN). The Hydrologic Engineering Center-River Analysis System (HEC-RAS) stepbackwater technique was used to calculate water surface profiles for natural channels that are likely used for storm water drainage. The results show that these channels have chains of steps that dissipate the momentum of falling water in steep areas and maintain a steady rate of flow. The weir coefficients were determined by comparing the steady state discharges to the equivalent weir discharges. The results indicate that the weir coefficient can be expressed as a function of weir height and channel cross-section area. The relationship between this function and the weir coefficient showed a high correlation with R2 = 0.991. The results of this study can be used to estimate the discharge in similar reaches in any water surface profile.
Parameters Affecting Dye Adsorption - Using Graphene Coated Sand (GSC)
Authors: Khaleefa Alia Seroor Atalah , Ibrahimb Dr. Mohammed , Hussein Hussein Ali
Published: August 2020

Adsorption is most commonly applied process for the removal of pollutants such as dyes and heavy metals ions from wastewater. The present work talks about preparing graphenic material attached sand grains called graphene sand composite (GSC) by using ordinary sugar as a carbon source. Physical morphology and chemical composition of GSC was examined by using (FTIR, SEM, EDAX and XRD). Efficiency of GSC in the adsorption of organic dyes from water was investigated using reactive green dye with different parameters such as (ph, temperature, contact time and dose). Adsorption isotherm was also studied and the results showed that the maximum adsorption capacity of dye is 28.98 mg/g. This fast, low-cost process can be used to manufacture commercial filters to treat contaminated water using appropriate engineering designs.
The Influence of Effectiveness Managerial, Task Commitment and Work Ethic for Employee Performance Regional Water Company (Pdam) Tirta Bhagasasi Bekasi
Authors: . Kusnadi
Published: August 2020

The purpose of this study was to test the effect of managerial effectiveness to employee performance, task commitment to employee performance, work ethic on the performance of employees, managerial effectiveness to task commitment, managerial effectiveness to the work ethic and the work ethic of the commitment of the employee's duties Regional Water Company (PDAM) Tirta Bhagasasi Bekasi.

This research was conducted using the method suryey with path analysis in hypothesis testing. In this study, employees were selected as sample there are 96 employees who selected a random sample by strata or stratified random sampling from a total population of 127 respondents. Took this instrument before being used for the data to test the validity and reliability.

The results of this study are as follows: There is a direct positive influence on employee performance managerial effectiveness. There is a direct positive influence on employee performance task commitment. There is a direct positive influence on employee performance work ethic. There is a direct positive influence on the effectiveness of managerial task commitment. There is a direct positive effect managerial effectiveness to the work ethic. There is a direct positive effect on the work ethic of commitment to the task.
Evaluation of a bifactor model and psychometric properties of FACES III in Peruvian students
Authors: Caycho Caja Aaron , Castilla Arias César Abraham
Published: August 2020

Background: To analyze the internal structure of the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scales-FACES III by evaluating three tentative models. Method: Non-probability sampling of 306 Peruvian students of both sexes between 15 and 26 years of age. The structural properties and internal consistency of the Original, Bifactorial and One-dimensional models were studied in detail. Results: The bifactorial model has a better fit than the remaining models, but was discarded as it does not satisfy the criteria of the suggested evaluation indices. Likewise, difficulties are observed in the internal consistency of the Flexibility subscale except for the One-Dimensional Model. Conclusion: FACES III is an instrument with consistency and internal structure problems directly associated with the presence of the Flexibility subscale as reported in previous studies.
Deep vein thrombosis and recurrent pulmonary embolism in a patient with thrombophilic mutations and generalized psoriasis: A case report
Authors: Baloski Marjan , Ilievska Buklioska , Brishkoska-Boshkovski Vesna , Taner Hasan , Minova Nedeska , Prgova-Veljanova Biljana , Nanceva Bogoevska , Nanceva Jasminka , Bosevski Marijan , Panov Sasho
Published: August 2020

Abstract: Introduction: Genetic risk factors that increase venous thromboembolism risk are disorders in the synthesis or activity of coagulation factors. Factor V Leiden, prothrombin (20210-A), antithrombin deficiency, protein C and protein S deficiency, and hyperhomocysteinemia are the most common venous thromboembolism-related gene mutations. When genetic factors are combined with non-provoking risk factors (obesity, psoriasis, smoking and previous venous thromboembolism) the result is increased venous thromboembolism risk for each factor individually. Previous venous thromboembolism is one of the strongest risk factors, even in patients actively treated with anticoagulants. Patients are more likely to have recurrent venous thromboembolism with longer duration. Psoriasis is a complex immune-mediated disease, associated with cardiovascular risk, hypercoagulability markers and elevated homocysteine. Lots of observational reports suggest increased incidence of venous thromboembolic events in patient with psoriasis. Case presentation: We present patient with inherited thrombophilia and chronic diffuse plaque psoriasis complicated with deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. DNA analysis indicates the presence of homozygosis for Factor V Leiden mutation as well as heterozygosis for Factor XIII V34L, PAI-1 5G/4G and MTHFR A1298C polymorphism. Dermatological anamnesis is positive for plaque psoriasis since 12 years ago. Conclusion: The presentation of this case indicates an association between venous thromboembolism and chronic psoriasis. All patients with recurrent thromboembolism, hereditary thrombophilia, and moderate to severe psoriasis should be considered to be at higher risk for venous thromboembolism and appropriately treated.
Differences in the salivary inorganic ions levels and salivary flow rate of the periodontitis and non-periodontitis patients
Authors: Amalina Rizki , Mahdalena Mahdalena , Aditya Grahita
Published: August 2020

Introduction: Saliva contains numerous proteins and electrolytes that may serve as biomarkers of pathological conditions, including periodontitis. Saliva flow also influenced by pathological conditions, such as periodontitis. Therefore, saliva analysis, as one of the biomarker source needs to be examined. This study was aimed to analyse the differences salivary inorganic ions levels (calcium, phosphate, and bicarbonate) and salivary flow rate in periodontitis and non-periodontitis patients. Methods: This research was analytic-observational using two groups, the healthy periodontal group consisting of 21 people (PI scores between 0-0.2) and the periodontitis group consisting of 21 people (PI scores between 0.7-8.0). Unstimulated saliva was collected using a passive drolling method. The calcium, phosphate and bicarbonate levels in the saliva were analysed using UV/Vis spectrophotometers. Results: Calcium, phosphate and bicarbonate levels in saliva were different between groups. Salivary flow rate also different between groups. There was a significant difference (p = 0.00) in the calcium, phosphate and bicarbonate levels between groups (t-test), and also significantly different (p = 0.000) salivary flow rate between groups. The higher the salivary flow rate, the higher the levels of calcium, phosphate and bicarbonate would be. Conclusion: Periodontitis condition increases the level of salivary inorganic ions and salivary flow rate because of periodontal inflammation. This inflammation mainly because of plaque deposition and calculus. Increased level of inorganic ions in the saliva such as calcium, phosphate, and bicarbonate, and also the salivary flow rate indicates the existence of a periodontal disease.
There are two solutions to the equations of Feynman’s Quantum Electrodynamics (QED): the newly discovered solution is free of quantum weirdness
Authors: Jeffrey H. Boyd
Published: August 2020

No one previously noticed there is a second solution to the equations of Richard Feynman’s Quantum Electrodynamics (QED). It makes identical predictions in the lab. The new solution (Reverse-QED) is closer to nature: it is free of quantum weirdness. For example, it eliminates Schrödinger’s cat. This article is the first time the equations of R-QED have been published. The R-QED amplitude is the negative of Feynman’s amplitude. Because of the Born rule, both amplitude and negative amplitude, when squared, produce the same probability to be tested against empirical data. If you were to measure the distance from Los Angeles to New York City with R-QED’s accuracy, it would be exact to the breadth of a human hair. If reality corresponds to the newly discovered R-QED equations, but scientists use the old QED equations, the result would be predictions for the lab that are precisely accurate, but scientists would be unable to construct a coherent picture of the quantum world. R-QED is based on a different picture of how the quantum world is organized. Experiments, including a neutron interferometer experiment we review, show that particles follow waves backward. R-QED integrates in the same direction that the waves travel.
Effect of dietary sodium acetate on skin mucus immune parameters and expression of gene related to growth, immunity and antioxidant system in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) intestine
Authors: Safari Roghieh , Hoseinifar Seyed Hossein , Dadar Maryam , Nejadmoghaddam Shabnam , Van Doan Hien
Published: August 2020

The present study investigated the possible effects of including salt of short chain fatty acid, sodium acetate (SA), on skin mucus immune parameters and immune, antioxidant and growth-related genes expression in common carp. There is a little data available about the effective role of SA on immune, antioxidant and growth related genes expression as well as skin mucus immune parameters. The aim of this study was to analysis the effect of SA intake on these factors using common carp (Cyprinus carpio) as model organism. Two hundred and forty healthy common carp (mean weight = 15 ± 0.9 g) supplied and randomly stocked into 12 fiberglass tanks 200 L (20 fish per tank) assigned to four treatments and triplicates. The study was performed in a completely randomized design. The treatments were feeding carps with experimental diets containing different levels (0.0 [control], 0.5, 1 and 2%) of SA. The skin mucus total immunoglobulin and total protein levels in fish fed 2% SA showed significant increase compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Results showed a significant increase in the GH gene expression in 1 and 2% SA treatments (P < 0.05). The carps were fed with diet content 2% SA showed significantly increase in IGF-1 expression (P < 0.05). The expression of GSTa, and GPX (antioxidant genes) revealed a significant increase in the GSTa (fish fed SA at 1% and 2% levels) and GPX gene expression with fish fed 2% SA (P < 0.05). Supplementation of fish diet with SA induce slight elevation in the intestine of all immune-related genes (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL8 and Lyz) compared to the control group (P > 0.05). However, Lyz gene significantly up-regulated in 1 or 2% SA treatments. These results confirmed beneficial effects of SA as a feed additive in common carp culture.
Encouraging an appropriate representation simplifies training of neural networks
Authors: Buza Krisztian
Published: August 2020

A common assumption about neural networks is that they can learn an appropriate internal representation on their own, see e.g. end-to-end learning. In this work we challenge this assumption. We consider two simple tasks and show that the state-of-the-art training algorithm fails, although the model itself is able to represent an appropriate solution. We will demonstrate that encouraging an appropriate internal representation allows the same model to solve these tasks. While we do not claim that it is impossible to solve these tasks by other means (such as neural networks with more layers), our results illustrate that integration of domain knowledge in form of a desired internal representation may improve the generalization ability of neural networks.
𝒫-energy of graphs
Authors: Joshi Prajakta Bharat , Joseph Mayamma
Published: August 2020

Given a graph G = (V, E), with respect to a vertex partition 𝒫 we associate a matrix called 𝒫-matrix and define the 𝒫-energy, E𝒫 (G) as the sum of 𝒫-eigenvalues of 𝒫-matrix of G. Apart from studying some properties of 𝒫-matrix, its eigenvalues and obtaining bounds of 𝒫-energy, we explore the robust(shear) 𝒫-energy which is the maximum(minimum) value of 𝒫-energy for some families of graphs. Further, we derive explicit formulas for E𝒫 (G) of few classes of graphs with different vertex partitions.
Trapezoid type inequalities for generalized Riemann-Liouville fractional integrals of functions with bounded variation
Authors: Dragomir Silvestru Sever
Published: August 2020

In this paper we establish some trapezoid type inequalities for the Riemann-Liouville fractional integrals of functions of bounded variation and of Hölder continuous functions. Applications for the g-mean of two numbers are provided as well. Some particular cases for Hadamard fractional integrals are also provided.
Taste perception in school children: Is there an association with dental caries?
Authors: Egil Edibe , Menteş Ali
Published: August 2020

Background/Aim: Individuals make food choices based on a number of physiological, nutritional, environmental and socioeconomic factors but sensory qualities of food namely the taste has priority as the determinant in food selection. The purpose of the study is to evaluate sweet, salty, sour and bitter taste perceptions of school children and compare them in term of caries experience. Material and Methods: Two hundred children aged from 6-13 were included in the study. The dental examinations of children were performed using DMF(T), DMF(S), df(t) and df(s) indices. Questionnaires were presented to parents to record the socioeconomic and educational levels, oral health knowledge, child's general health, oral health habits and fluoride exposure. Children rinsed sucrose (12g/L; 24g/L), sodium chloride (2g/L; 4g/L), citric acid (0,6g/L; 1,20g/L) and caffeine (0,27g/L; 0,54g/L) solutions randomly and the taste perception was recorded. Relationship between the taste perception and caries experience were evaluated. Results: A significant correlation was found between 2 g/L of NaCl and age (p= 0,007, r= 0,178). When occlusal or approximal caries of the children aged from 6 to 9 were discriminated, the Spearman's test found a weak positive correlation between occlusal caries and higher sweet taste (24 g/L sucrose) (r= 0,232; p= 0,021) and a weak negative correlation between approximal caries and higher salty taste (4 g/L NaCl) (r= -0,225; p= 0,025). Conclusions: Age should be considered in the assessment of taste perception of children. Additionally, there is a weak relationship between taste perceptions and dental caries. These data suggest that further studies need to focus on the effect of taste preferences on dental caries.
Observation of double mandibular canals and types of bifid canals in dry skulls
Authors: Öztürk Ayla , Tayman Ayşe , Potluri Anitha
Published: August 2020

Background/Aim: The aim of the present study was to assess prevalence and morphologic mandibular canal variations in dry skulls. Material and Methods: Panoramic radiographs were obtained of 57 skulls among the academic collection at the University of Pittsburgh. Orthodontic wire was inserted through the mandibular canal as a reference point at panoramic images for localization of the course of the mandibular canal. Results: Double mandibular canals were present in 2 out of 57 skulls (3,5%); one of them was unilateral the other one was bilateral. Additionally, bifurcation of the mandibular canal and different types of configurations were assessed. In five of the specimens (8,8%) bifid canals were identified. Among them, one case (1,7%) was identified as a forward type. In one case additional canal (1,7%), was detected in the retromolar region, which joined the main canal. Three of the specimens (5,3%) showed accessory canal types. These were the canals that detached from the main canal and proceeded towards the molar teeth roots (dental type). All of these bifid canal types were unilateral. Conclusions: Our results depicted the anatomical variations of the mandibular canal. Dental practitioners should be aware of this underestimated but not a rare occurrence of mandibular canal variations in order to avoid complication during surgical procedures.
Antibiofilm activities of fluoride releasing restorative materials
Authors: Tartici Mehmet , Tartici Tuğçe , Karaca Başar , Gür Gürkan
Published: August 2020

Backround/Aim: The purpose of this in vitro study is to evaluate the antibiofilm and antimicrobial activities of 5 different restorative materials that release fluoride. Material and Methods: Five different fluoride releasing restorative materials [Riva Self Cure (SDI, Australia), Riva Light Cure (SDI, Australia), Riva Silver (SDI, Australia), Dyract® XP (DENTSPLY, Germany) and Beautifil II (SHOFU, Japan)] and one composite resin material (Grandio, VOCO, Germany) were selected for this study. A total of 48 specimens (8 of each) were prepared using Teflon molds (4.0 mm-diameter and 2.0 mm-thickness). The antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of the mentioned restorative materials on Streptococcus mutans were evaluated. The data obtained were evaluated by One-Way analysis and Tukey's Test (p<0.05). Results: As a result, no correlation was found in terms of antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of the restorative materials evaluated in the study. While the dental plaque (matrix) accumulation was detected at least on the Grandio resin, the materials with the least cell adhesion were Light Cure and Riva Self Cure since it showed antiadhesive properties for S. mutans. Conclusions: Although the highest antibacterial activity against S. mutans was detected in resin-modified glass ionomers, biofilm matrix (dental plaque) accumulation was mostly detected on these material surface in our study.
Evaluation of apical extrusion during conventional retreatment with three endodontic systems
Authors: Mircheska Marijana , Stojanovska Vera , Redzep Enis , Popovska Lidija
Published: August 2020

Background/Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the apical extrusion during endodontic retreatment using three different endodontic systems. Material and Methods: 120 extracted human teeth were ex vivo endodontically treated and retreatment was performed using three different endodontic systems. Samples were divided into 3 groups, A-retreatment with Hedstroem hand files, B-retreatment with Pro Taper Retreatment files and C-retreatment with Pro Taper Gold files. Apically extruded material was collected in pre-measured Eppendorfs on a laboratory scale (10-5g). The amount of the extruded material was measured after the retreatment. The data were analysed using the the statistical software: STATISTICA 7.1 and SPSS for Windows 20. Results: The statistical analysis of the data revealed significant differences between the three endodontic retreatment systems (P< 0.05). Apical extrusion in the A endodontic system is significantly greater than the rotary (B and C) endodontic systems. Conclusions: In ex vivo conditions the results of this study showed significant statistical difference between three investigated endodontic retreatment systems concerning the amount of apically exuded material. The largest amount of material suppressed periapically was proven for Hedstroem hand instruments.