bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Discussions of Cannabis Over Patient Portal Secure Messaging: Content Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Shetty Vishal A , Gregor Christina M , Tusing Lorraine D , Pradhan Apoorva M , Romagnoli Katrina M , Piper Brian J , Wright Eric A
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

Patient portal secure messaging allows patients to describe health-related behaviors in ways that may not be sufficiently captured in standard electronic health record (EHR) documentation, but little is known about how cannabis is discussed on this platform.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to identify patient and provider secure messages that discussed cannabis and contextualize these discussions over periods before and after its legalization for medical purposes in Pennsylvania.

METHODS

We examined 382,982 secure messages sent by 15,340 patients and 6101 providers from an integrated health delivery system in Pennsylvania, United States, from January 2012 to June 2022. We used an unsupervised natural language processing approach to construct a lexicon that identified messages explicitly discussing cannabis. We then conducted a qualitative content analysis on a random sample of identified messages to understand the medical reasons behind patients’ use, the primary purposes of the cannabis-related discussions, and changes in these purposes over time.

RESULTS

We identified 1782 messages sent by 1098 patients (7.2% of total patients in the study) and 800 messages sent by 430 providers (7% of total providers in the study) as explicitly discussing cannabis. The most common medical reasons for use stated by patients in 190 sampled messages included pain or a pain-related condition (50.5% of messages), anxiety (13.7% of messages), and sleep (11.1% of messages). We coded 56 different purposes behind the mentions of cannabis in patient messages and 33 purposes in 100 sampled provider messages. In years before the legalization (2012-2016), patient and provider messages (n=20 for both) were primarily driven by discussions about cannabis screening results (38.9% and 76.5% of messages, respectively). In the years following legalization (2017-2022), patient messages (n=170) primarily involved seeking assistance to facilitate medical use (35.2% of messages) and reporting current use (25.3% of messages). Provider messages (n=80) were driven by giving assistance with medical marijuana access (27.5% of messages) and stating that they were unable to refer, prescribe or recommend medical marijuana (26.3% of messages).

CONCLUSIONS

Patients showed a willingness to discuss cannabis use over patient portal secure messages and expressed interest in use after the legalization of medical marijuana. Some providers responded to patient inquiries with assistance in obtaining access to medical marijuana, while others cautioned patients on the risks of use. Insight into cannabis-related discussions through secure messages can help health systems determine opportunities to improve care processes around patients’ cannabis use, and providers should be supported to communicate accurate and consistent information.
A self-harm awareness training module for school staff: Coproduction and user testing study (Preprint)
Authors: Burn Anne-Marie , Gains Hayley , Anderson Joanna
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

The increasing prevalence of self-harm among adolescents is a significant public health concern. School staff are often the first professionals to notice when a young person is self-harming and are in a unique position to intervene and offer support. However, research indicates that many school staff feel ill-equipped and lack confidence in how to respond. Negative or dismissive responses may discourage young people from seeking further help. There is an urgent need for targeted training interventions to equip school staff with the skills and knowledge necessary to support students who self-harm.

OBJECTIVE

To coproduce a self-harm awareness e-learning module for school staff in the UK.

METHODS

The e-learning module design and development was guided by a person-based approach over 3 participatory design cycles: (1) coproduction sessions with experts in mental health, self-harm and schools-based training; (2) workshops with school staff to co-produce the e-learning module components and to explore their views about supporting students who self-harm; and (3) user testing of the prototype and focus groups with school staff to explore acceptability and feasibility. Data were thematically analyzed using the framework method.

RESULTS

Training content, videos and quizzes were developed in collaboration with a panel of experts. Coproduction workshops with school staff informed the prototype module design, structure and scripts for the training content and filmed scenarios, as well as highlighting potential barriers and facilitators to implementation. User testing of the prototype provided high usability ratings demonstrating high levels of acceptability. Analysis of the qualitative user testing data generated 4 themes: (1) Usability; (2) Content and design; (3) Feasibility; and (4) Views about how training improved knowledge and confidence.

CONCLUSIONS

The SORTS e-learning module was developed to enhance school staff’s knowledge and confidence in responding to self-harm. It was created using a user-centered design and a person-based approach and underpinned by psychological theory. Initial findings indicate that the training is acceptable and feasible. Further research will involve a mixed methods pilot feasibility study to assess the effectiveness of the program. This will provide the necessary evidence for a large-scale roll out to schools.
Associations Between Social Disconnectedness and Possible Depression Across Age Groups (Preprint)
Authors: Yoo-Jeong Moka , Steinman Lesley E. , Nguyen Annie L. , Neelamegam Malinee , Merianos Ashley L , Boolani Ali , Ory Marcia G. , Udoh Idorenyin , Smith Matthew Lee
Published: December 2024

UNSTRUCTURED

Rates of social disconnectedness and depression have intensified in recent years. Yet, little is known about how they relate to one another across different age groups. This study assessed the relationship between social disconnectedness and depressive symptoms among U.S. adults of varying ages using an internet-delivered survey data collected between November 2021 and January 2022 from a national sample of 2,496 employed adults aged 18-89 years. Participants completed Upstream Social Interaction Risk Scale (U-SIRS-13) and the Patient Health Questionnaire short version (PHQ-2). Within each of five age groups (18-29, 30-39, 40-49, 50-59, 60+), descriptive statistics and Pearson’s r correlations were calculated for U-SIRS-13 and PHQ-2. Subsequently, logistic regression models were fitted to assess the relationship between the U-SIRS-13 and PHQ-2 (a score of 3 or greater indicated possible depression, requiring further screening), controlling for sociodemographic covariates. The prevalence of possible depression among participants was 31.6%, which ranged from 46.8% (ages 18-29) to 10.5% (ages 60+). PHQ-2 and U-SIRS-13 had significant correlations in all age groups (Pearson’s r range: 0.283-0.275, P<0.001). Holding sociodemographic covariates constant, higher U-SIRS-13 scores were consistently associated with increased odds of possible depression across age groups (Odds Ratio range: 1.24-1.50, P<0.001). While possible depression was more prevalent among younger age groups (18-29 and 30-39), the relationship between social disconnectedness and possible depression was stronger among older age groups (40-49, 50-59, and 60+). Given this association, coordinated efforts are needed to simultaneously treat depressive symptomology and facilitate meaningful interactions with others.
Defending Climate Action in Investor-State Dispute Settlement (ISDS): An Analysis of Fair and Equitable Treatment (FET) and the Right to Regulate in the Age of the Energy Transition
Authors: Holder Maxron
Published: December 2024

The urgent global challenge of climate change necessitates a reevaluation of the interaction between climate action and international investment law, particularly within the context of Investor-State Dispute Settlement (ISDS). Focusing on Fair and Equitable Treatment (FET), this article delves into the tension between foreign investor protection and the pursuit of measures aimed at mitigating climate change. By delving into the nuances of FET’s components – legitimate expectations, transparency, and arbitrary treatment – this article scrutinises the potential for creating a ‘safe harbour’ for defending climate action and the inadvertent chilling effect on regulation. The article furthermore analyses the ‘right to regulate’ as a pivotal tool for defending climate action in ISDS. Through thorough analysis of this right, the article explores its potential to counterbalance foreign investor protection and the right of the state to take measures to mitigate climate change. The article finally addresses the issues surrounding the modernisation of International Investment Agreements (IIAs) to align them with the imperatives of climate action. Through these explorations, the paper offers insights into recalibrating the ISDS regime to ensure a balanced and equitable approach to defending climate action in the age of the energy transition.
The Strange Case of an Agent Acting for an Unidentified Principal
Authors: Napieraj Nadia
Published: December 2024

The concept of disclosed – but unidentified agency – generates a high level of uncertainty for third parties in Scotland. The article attempts to untangle the web of three leading Inner House cases, namely, Ferrier v Dods, Lamont, Nisbet & Co v Hamilton, and Ruddy v Monte Marco & ors, demonstrating that there is no established approach to unidentified agency in our jurisdiction. Furthermore, the paper evaluates three possible approaches to unidentified agency: the absence of a general rule of liability (Lamont), the general rule of liability against (1) the agent (Ruddy), or (2) the principal (cf Ruddy), and finally, the general rule that the agent is liable, but only unless – and until – he names the principal (Ferrier). In agreement with Professor Macgregor’s interpretation of Ferrier, the article concludes that the agent should be liable only ‘unless and until the principal is disclosed.’ In other words, the agent should be seen as intervening in the contract between the principal and third party ab initio, automatically absolved from liability by naming the principal. Such an approach would accurately reflect where the third party’s consent lies, adequately address the practical difficulty of identifying the principal, and be in consistence with the position taken by some leading European law instruments, with which Scottish agency law shares a common tradition. The proposed solution is not uncontroversial due to the general principle of privity. However, it could be accommodated as an exception to the privity doctrine on the basis of practical necessity – or, more persuasively, by the emerging doctrine of good faith in Scots law.
ОСОБЕННОСТИ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ МНОГОКАНАЛЬНЫХ ГЕНЕРАТОРОВ СИГНАЛОВ НА ПРИМЕРЕ ПРИБОРОВ NOSEAN СЕРИИ MSG5000. ЧАСТЬ 1
Authors: Лемешко Н. , Горелкин М.
Published: December 2024

Для тестирования современных радиосистем, требующих фазовой
когерентности сигналов, применяют многоканальные генераторы
(МКГ), построение которых связано с реализацией ряда специальных
технических решений. В статье рассматриваются вопросы применения
многоканальных генераторов сигналов, приводятся основные требования
к ним, анализируются способы обеспечения фазовой когерентности
формируемых сигналов. Представлена краткая информация
о характеристиках и функциональных особенностях МКГ серии MSG5000
от компании Nosean, приведены примеры подготовки исходных данных
для настройки МКГ, а также результаты экспериментальной оценки
сохранения фазовых соотношений между сигналами этих приборов
в режиме немодулированной несущей и импульсной модуляции.
ДАННЫЕ О ПОТРЕБЛЯЕМОЙ ОБОРУДОВАНИЕМ МОЩНОСТИ КАК ДОПОЛНИТЕЛЬНЫЙ ИСТОЧНИК ИНФОРМАЦИИ ДЛЯ ИНФОРМАЦИОННО-ИЗМЕРИТЕЛЬНОЙ СИСТЕМЫ
Authors: Анцев А. , Барсуков Д. , Воротилин М. , Цивинкова А. , Янов Е.
Published: December 2024

В статье рассмотрены вопросы повышения точности контроля состояния
технологического оборудования информационно-измерительной
системой. Приведены примеры исследований потребляемой мощности
станками ТМ-39М и Hardinge GX 600. Представлен вариант разработанного
датчика тока.
Patients Perception of the Quality of Nursing Care Received: Insights from Their Hospitalization Experience
Authors: Muthuram Gopal , Dhakshinamoorthy Sasikala , Mary Hilda Rose
Published: December 2024

Abstract: Background: Patients' perceptions of nursing care quality are crucial for evaluating healthcare services. Positive
relationships with nursing staff and effective administration contribute to better perceptions. Understanding these insights can
guide improvements in nursing practices and enhance overall patient satisfaction during hospitalization. Objective: To assess the
patients views on the nursing services received. This includes understanding their needs, expectations, and satisfaction levels.
Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in 2023, among 129 patients selected by simple random
technique, admitted in a tertiary care centre, Chennai. The data was collected using structured questionnaires with 23 items
answered by the patients related to nursing care received during their hospitalization through self-reporting method. The
collected data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics in SPSS 20. Results: The results showed highest patient
satisfaction in nurses’ comfort provision (3.64 ± 0.60) and care coordination (3.63 ± 0.64). Prompt response and also scored
post-discharge care (3.62). The lowest scores were for information on tests/procedures (3.47) and patient/family explanations
(3.48). Overall, satisfaction averaged 3.53 ± 0.58, indicating positive perceptions of nursing care. Conclusion: Nursing leaders
and health-care administrators need set standards and develop strategies for sustaining the quality care.
Driving Success: Entrepreneurial Competencies and Performance of Women Entrepreneurs in Jammu
Authors: Sawhney Shivani
Published: December 2024

Abstract: The competencies of an entrepreneur play a crucial role in determining the success, growth, and performance of small
and medium enterprises. This paper aims to present empirical research on the entrepreneurial competencies that influence the
performance of enterprises led by women entrepreneurs. The findings are expected to contribute valuable insights to the fields of
entrepreneurship, academia, and policymaking. The study was conducted in Jammu, From various subdivisions including
Jammu South, Jammu North, R.S.Pura, Marh, Akhnoor, Chouki Choura, and Khour, a purposive sample of 75 women
entrepreneurs who have received bank loans of 50,000 rupees or more and have successfully operated their businesses for at
least five years was interviewed. The results revealed a significant correlation between entrepreneurial performance and
competencies such as initiative, the ability to identify and act on opportunities, knowledge, commitment to work, systematic
planning, problem-solving, persuasion, monitoring, and concern for employee welfare. These competencies were found to
complement and enhance growth in various business indicators, including investment, sales, profits, annual turnover, and
workforce expansion.
Abu Ubaid Al-Qasim: kebijakan perdagangan internasional dan relevansinya di Indonesia
Authors: Chusniah Dita Nur Amaliatul , Musthofa Musthofa
Published: December 2024

Sebuah ikatan kerjasama antar negara diataranya dalam perdagangan internasional yaitu wujud dari kepedualian dalam ememenuhi sumber alam suatu negara. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan pandangan Abu Ubaid bin Sallam yang merupakan ilmuan yang berperan dalam pemikiran ekonomi Islam khususnya Perdagangan Internasional. Dan melihat relevansinya pada kebijakan di Indonesia. ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan studi pustaka (Library Research) dengan sumber data yaitu beberapa buku, artikel, jurnal yang sesuai dengan topik penelitian. Dalam penelitian ini kebijakan perdagangan internasional yang ada di Indonesia terlihat Relevan dengan gagasan Abu Ubaid yang diperkuat dengan praktek yang dilakukan khalifah Umar bin Khattab saat Madinah dalam keadaan paceklik. diantara gagasan yang diuraikan tentang ekspor dan impor dalam perdagangan internasional yaitu: diberlakukannya biaya cukai pada perdagangan internasional ini, biaya cukai untuk bahan makanan pokok diberlakukan lebih murah, dan terdapat batasan khusus pada biaya cukai.
ESOPHAGEAL STENOSIS AFTER CAUSTIC INGESTION: CASE REPORT AND LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors:   Hospital Simón Bolívar, Holguin-Sanabria Alejandra , Barreto-Castilla Vanessa , Pinzon-Luna Juliana , Vega-Zabaraín Alejandra , Orduz Luisa , Perez-Rivera Carlos J
Published: December 2024

Accidental ingestion of caustics is both a medical and social problem in the pediatric population. They can produce lesions of varying severity, such as mediastinitis or esophageal perforation, and later ones, such as esophageal stenosis, initially managed by the use of stents or mechanical dilations. In the most critical cases where they have not given the result, they have an indication to perform an esophageal replacement. The following is a case report of esophageal replacement secondary to esophageal stricture and a review of the literature on the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of esophageal stricture secondary to caustic ingestion.
ANORECTAL ULCERS DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS FOR GENERAL SURGEONS
Authors:   Hospital Universitario La Paz, Reinoso-Lozano Francisco J , Álvarez-Gallego Mario , Sendagorta Elena , Gortázar Sara , Alonso-Bartolomé María Belén , Forero-Torres Alexander , Prieto-Nieto María Isabel , Fondevila Constantino
Published: December 2024

Introducción. La patología perianal es frecuente entre la población de hombres que tienen sexo con hombres (HSH). A menudo se manifiesta en forma de úlceras anorrectales, cuyo diagnóstico diferencial es amplio y debe ser conocido para el cirujano general.

Materiales y métodos. A partir de un caso, se ha realizado una revisión de la literatura. Se ha descrito la epidemiología y la etiología de los procesos ulcerativos en la región perianal en este grupo poblacional.

Resultados. El abanico de enfermedades que producen úlceras anorrectales es amplio. La primera causa es infecciosa. Se debe descartar también la neoplasia anal, la enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal, y las neoplasias hematológicas, entre otros.

Conclusión. Es preciso saber manejar las úlceras perianales y anorrectales. Un correcto diagnóstico diferencial permitirá administrar el tratamiento más oportuno a este grupo de enfermos.
WILKIE’S SYNDROME: A BRIEF UNDERSTANDING THROUGH ILLUSTRATIONS
Authors:   Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Forero Rios Maria Paula
Published: December 2024

Superior mesenteric artery syndrome or also known as Wilkie's syndrome is a pathology given by the abnormal course of superior mesenteric artery caused by reduction in the aorto-mesenteric angle mainly by loss of perivascular and retroperitoneal fat, mainly causing compression of the third portion of the duodenum , becoming one of the causes of intestinal obstruction.
ABNORMAL DILATION OF THE COMMON BILE DUCT SECONDARY TO A PERIAMPULLARY TUMOR
Authors:   Hospital de Manacor, Lillo Martinez Paula , Perez Calvo Javier , Serrano Miralles Rocio , Torrebella Bonnin Paula , Gifre Casadevall Eduard , Alvarez Llano Laura ,   Son Espases University Hospital
Published: December 2024

Los tumores periampulares son raros y a menudo silenciosos, incluso en etapas avanzadas. Se presenta un caso de una mujer de 88 años con dilatación coledocal de 39 mm, neoplasia periampular y metástasis hepática, quien rechazó cirugía adicional y fue tratada paliativamente.
Contemporary Development in Western Philosophical Problematization of Evil: A Contextualized Overview
Authors: Wan Abdullah Wan Suhaimi , Fahroni Hamdan Mohamad
Published: December 2024

Western philosophical study of religion, particularly by the analytic philosophers in contemporary times, has raised many issues about religious truth in reference to theism. One of the major issues is their problematization of evil, which they treated as logical and evidential arguments against the existence of theistic God. With the consideration of being neutral and objective, their treatment of the problem assumes a dialectical relevance for the theists, including the Muslims, to respond in two customarily ways of either theodicy or defense. However, a question should rather be raised, at least by the discerning Muslims, on to what extent their philosophical formulation and establishment of the problem is relevant to religions other than Western Christianity. This article aims to articulate a contextualized overview of contemporary development in the philosophical problematization of evil especially the ones developed in the analytical discourse. This contextualization is crucial to adjudicate that their treatment of the problem, in its essence, reflects more of the religio-philosophical experience and consciousness of Western man, hence, diluting at once their claim for neutrality and objectivity.
German Language Prose: Artistic and Research Practices of the 21st Century
Authors:   A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kudryavtseva Tamara V. , Kuchumova Galina V. ,   Samara National Research University
Published: December 2024

The book introduces new research by Russian Germanists in the field of German-language fiction of the 21st century. The main trends and features of its development are traced both at the problem-thematic and artistic level, using the example of the works of writers belonging to different generations, and living in Germany, Austria and Switzerland. The analysis is carried out from the point of view of relevance, connection with tradition, aesthetic and social significance, and importance of the considered works. The material presented in the book gives an idea of the researchers’ main scholarly and methodological approaches to the study of the modern literary process and can be useful for historians and literary theorists, linguists, translators and specialists in cultural studies.
“Das Jesus-Video” by A. Eschbach in the Context of Fiction about Christ
Authors:   Ufa University of Science and Technology, Ishimbaeva Galina G.
Published: December 2024

The article is devoted to a contextual analysis of the novel by the German writer Andreas Eschbach “Das Jesus-Video” (1998). The key vectors of the God-man’s fate understanding in the literature of the 19th — 20th centuries were identified within the article, and the metaphorization of the image of Jesus Christ in the world literature of recent decades was examined. It is proved that: 1. Eschbach adheres to all the canons of entertaining literature, designed for both mass and intellectual readers (from a genre point of view, the novel combines the features of a science fiction, adventure, detective work with elements of alternative history). Numerous scientific and pseudo-scientific argu- ments about spatial and temporal dislocations are inserted into the plot of the novel. The nesting doll method of construction is used. 2. The key problem of the novel is the perception of Jesus Christ by ordinary people nowadays and two thousand years ago. 3. Eschbach attacks the collective unconsciousness of his contemporaries, mired in the grip of consumer society. 4. The images of the apostles Paul and Judas Iscariot constitute a meaningful symmetrical antithesis in the novel space. Eschbach synthesized the extremes of literature for the elite and literature for all people, providing the phenomenon of aesthetic compromise.
Books, Reading and Readers in the Novels by C. Funke and W. Moers
Authors:   Saratov State Conservatory named after L.V. Sobinov, Ivanova Elizaveta A.
Published: December 2024

A common interest towards such topics as reading and relationships between an author and his work, a reader and a text unites the most famous writers of the German fantasy, whose works unfortunately are still not well-known enough among Russian literary scholars. It is possible to speak about a specific “book text” forming inside the German fantasy literature, with its characteristic themes, prob- lems, type of heroes, attitude towards the writing. First of all, “The Never-ending Story” by M. Ende belongs to such “book texts”. The later examples include the “Inkheart” series (2003–2008) by C. Funke and the duology by W. Moers “The City of Dreaming Books” (2004) and “The Labyrinth of Dreaming Books” (2011). Books are presented as valuable artifacts here, the characters are fierce book-lovers, and many of them are professionally connected with publishing, gathering or repairing books. The relationship between a reader and a book becomes the foundation of the plot in the works of both authors. For the main heroes books are their friends, advisers, refuge. Reading is regarded in these works as an activity that brightens up one’s life and strengthens ties between generations of a family. Emotional passages regarding the joy of reading aim to pass this view on books to a real young reader.
The impact of COVID-19 on Brazilian teachers' perception of technology using Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK)
Authors: Lermen Fernando Henrique , Machado Rodrigo Prestes , Volpato Giandra , Oliveira Alex Martins de , Martins Vera Lúcia Milani
Published: December 2024

Maintaining educational activities during the coronavirus pandemic has posed challenges to teachers as communication technologies are one such challenge. In this context, this study aimed to identify the consequences of intense exposure to digital technologies in pedagogical actions during the pandemic, outlining a profile of Brazilian teachers concerning the educational use of these technologies and applying the TPACK.xs questions. The methodological procedure was separated into two steps: (i) Survey Design and Data Collection and (ii) Data and Content Analysis. The 564 Brazilian teachers' results showed Brazilian teachers' position relative to TPACK. One of the impacts of using digital technologies adapted to educational processes was seen by 57% of Brazilian teachers who were positioned in technology-hybrid components. This study shows a possible turning point in teaching and learning processes, considering integrating pedagogy, content, and emerging technologies to face more accessible education.
Tecnologias digitais e a tomada de decisão na contabilidade: a importância das Metodologias Ativas na aprendizagem
Authors: Siqueira Liliane Maria Ramalho de Castro , Castro Filho José Aires de , Arruda Juliana Silva
Published: December 2024

O presente estudo objetiva analisar o desenvolvimento da habilidade de tomada de decisão dos discentes do componente curricular Administração Financeira do curso de Ciências Contábeis da Universidade Federal do Ceará por meio da implementação de metodologias ativas apoiadas por tecnologias digitais. Foi utilizada a metodologia qualitativa, com caráter interpretativo. Os dados foram baseados em gravação de vídeos dos encontros, diários de campo e materiais produzidos pelos discentes durante o semestre letivo. Os resultados destacaram categorias como: conteúdos relacionados às vivências dos alunos com apoio dos recursos digitais, interação entre discentes e Inovação e criatividade. Os resultados revelaram que a ação docente permitiu a criação de atividades relacionadas às práticas contábeis, levando os discentes a se engajar e desenvolver a habilidade de tomada de decisão.
Produção de Kit de Robótica Educacional para o Componente Curricular Ciências: perspectiva para mobilizar competências e habilidades no âmbito da BNCC
Authors: Santos Jarles Tarsso Gomes , Burlamaqui Aquiles Medeiros F. , Burlamaqui Akynara Aglaé R. S. S. , Silva Joedma Graciene da
Published: December 2024

O processo de ensino, a partir do contexto das competências, vem sendo amplamente discutido. Contudo, instituições de ensino ainda encontram dificuldades para adaptação a essa realidade. Buscando minimizar essa problemática no contexto do componente curricular Ciências, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar o uso de um kit educacional produzido como recurso para incentivar professores no trabalho aos moldes da BNCC, auxiliando a mobilizar competências e habilidades específicas para o componente curricular Ciências, no 8º ano do ensino fundamental. Por meio de um percurso metodológico guiado pelo design science research, foi possível compreender dificuldades encontradas e conceber um kit educacional baseado nas propostas da robótica educacional, capaz de minimizá-las. A partir do uso do kit junto a estudantes, foi observado que o kit permite adequar o ensino a uma situação-problema, bem como mobilizar habilidades específicas.
Atividades circenses como objeto de ensino da Educação Física Escolar
Authors: Lence Luis Fernando Lacerda , Selau Bento
Published: December 2024

O ensaio advém de estudos teóricos para sustentar a introdução das atividades circenses na escola e objetiva apresentar as atividades circenses como objeto de ensino da Educação Física (EF) escolar, um dos possíveis modos para introduzir os alunos no universo da cultura corporal de movimento. O método escolhido conceitualiza os objetos de Ensino da EF em uma perspectiva histórico-cultural. Adotam-se duas ações metodológicas na análise e sistematização dos significados da proposta no âmbito escolar: episódios históricos das práticas corporais circenses e os conhecimentos pedagógicos produzidos. A seleção didática de abordagem do conteúdo demonstra as atividades circenses como um fenômeno humano, construído por um segmento da sociedade cujas significações englobam o saber fazer e o saber sobre esse fazer. A introdução e os avanços da temática, na escola, ainda encontram dificuldades para a sua consolidação, principalmente pela descontinuidade didática do objeto de ensino.
VÄDER
Authors: Cecilia Wiklander
Published: December 2024

Om vädrets fördelar och nackdelar.
A STATISTICAL TAGUCHI METHOD STUDY FOR GRAPHENE OXIDE-TITANIUM OXIDE (GO-TiO₂) THIN FILM COATING ON GLASS SUBSTRATES USING THE SPIN COATING METHOD
Authors: Balkaya İbrahim Fırat , Atalay Gengeç Nevin , Mindivan Harun
Published: December 2024

In this study, the process of coating graphene oxide-titanium oxide (GO-TiO2) composite thin films onto a glass substrate using the spin coating method was investigated using the Taguchi experimental design approach. The effects of parameters such as spin coating speed (SCR), spin coating time (SCT), dispersion amount (V), and glass substrate plasma treatment time (PLS T) on coating performance were evaluated, and the optimal coating conditions were determined. Signal-to-noise (S/N) ratios were calculated based on the equilibrium contact angles using the L16 orthogonal array experimental design. Stable and high pure water equilibrium contact angle (CA: θe) was identified as the criterion for successful coating. Characterization was performed using X-ray Diffraction (XRD), optical microscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), a four-point probe conductivity measurement device, and an optical contact angle measuring instrument. The optimal coating conditions were determined using the statistical Taguchi method with Pareto Analysis of Variance (Pareto ANOVA), and the effects of the control factors were analyzed. Additionally, regression analyses were conducted to assess the significance of the parameters and their alignment with the most influential factors. Validation experiments confirmed the success of the optimization.
CARBON NANOTUBES AS ELECTROMAGNETICALLY RESPONSIVE GREEN TEA CATECHIN DELIVERY SYSTEMS
Authors: Emişoğlu Külahlı Handan , Meran Mehdi
Published: December 2024

Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) have emerged as promising drug delivery vehicles due to their exceptional structural and chemical properties. This study employs molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to investigate the adsorption, interaction dynamics, and electrically controlled release of green tea catechin derivatives, epigallocatechin (EGC) and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), onto armchair SWNTs with chiralities (10,10), (12,12), and (14,14). Our findings demonstrate that EGC and EGCG exhibit the most stable interactions with SWNTs, primarily driven by enhanced π-π stacking interactions. This is evidenced by lower Root Mean Square Deviation (RMSD) values and closer interaction distances between the catechin derivatives and the SWNTs. Furthermore, we explore the influence of an external electric field on the van der Waals interaction energies between the catechins and SWNTs. Our results indicate that the application of an electric field can effectively modulate these interactions, providing a potential mechanism for controlled drug release. Among the studied SWNTs, the (14,14) SWNT consistently exhibits the strongest interactions with the catechin derivatives and demonstrates the most responsive behavior to electric field modulation. These findings suggest that (14,14) SWNTs may be particularly suitable as electrically controlled drug delivery vehicles for green tea catechins and other molecules with similar structural characteristics.
OPTIMIZING CAPITAL ALLOCATION
Authors: Schuster Wagner Eduardo , Reis Magnus dos
Published: December 2024

The Basel Accords have been progressively requiring more capital (and better quality) from the financial institutions in order to cover unexpected losses. Therefore, the decision to allocate capital to a product or another represents an important trade-off for managers, which reinforces using robust decision-making tools that consider the risk to maximize returns. This paper aims to suggest a new approach to measure the unexpected losses and, through the RAROC methodology, compare the results of a standardized regulatory model and a most sophisticated internal model on the profitability of a bank’s credit portfolio in a stratified manner. The dataset was provided by a financial institution and contains data for its two core business products (Payroll-linked and Working-Capital loans) in a period between 2011M01-2019M06. The regulatory capital is already provided in the dataset while an internal model was proposed using Value at Risk (VaR) models with Monte Carlo Simulations to calculate economic capital. We computed the model in 2019M06 and the results reveal that Payroll-linked would present a superior RAROC either using regulatory or economic capital, being a better option of capital investment in comparison to Working Capital. Additionally, the use of an internal model as suggested would increase expressively the RAROC for the Payroll-linked loans (from 6.87% to 45.75% in 2019M06), improving the optimization of capital. To conclude, the overall tests reveal that the model suggested had a good performance and may be used by financial institutions, bringing innovative results that satisfactory contributes to a strategic management focused on risks.
Trauma, Triggers and Tricky Terrains: Reflections on Teaching on Violence, Rights and Anthropological Controversies.
Authors: Weston Gavin
Published: December 2024

For the same reasons that action, thrillers and horror are among the more popular film genres, within anthropological teaching and research the vicariousness of anthropology is often amplified when we delve into violence, suffering and the morality of others. Over the past two decades I have taught across many themes and topics, but recurrent throughout and increasingly central to my teaching (as I became more specialised and gained more agency in designing curricula) have been violence, human rights and anthropological controversies. These are subjects that inherently deal with narratives and testimonies of violence and abuse of power, exploring traumatic events through prisms of history, theory and lessons to be learned. In a ten-week course spanning across centuries and continents it is inevitable that some of the suffering touched upon will relate to specific student’s experiences and familial biographies. This reflective piece explores some of the lessons students have taught me, helpful practices I have developed along the way and thoughts about the problematic limits of ad hoc trauma-informed teaching.
Keywords: Teaching anthropology; teaching violence, teaching controversies, teaching human rights, trauma.
Engaging with Trauma: from Reflections on a Survivor’s Experience of Child Sexual Abuse to Developing a Trauma-Informed Approach for Anthropological Teaching and Research
Authors: Borghi Emanuela Nadia
Published: December 2024

Drawing on ethnographic research among female survivors of gender-based violence seeking psychological support from Italian NGOs (Milan, 2018-2022), this article will show how trauma is embodied and how exposure to traumatic events intersects and shapes life trajectories. Specifically, I will investigate the mental health challenges and psychophysical responses to trauma that led to deep personal ruptures in the life of a female high school student who experienced child sexual abuse. This anthropological research engages with scholarship on theories of trauma and discourses on mental health among survivors of gender-based violence to explore intersubjective interactions in traumatised people’s everyday life. This contribution highlights the relevance of anthropology to our understanding of trauma as a subjective, temporally informed, and contextual experience that produces vulnerability in every individual involved in research and teaching settings. The ethnographic data and narratives presented in this article will provide an in-depth and nuanced understanding of mental health issues, offering an opportunity for teachers to reflect on trauma-informed teaching to approach students who, like my research participants, have been exposed to traumatic events. This anthropological perspective allows teachers and researchers to recognise signs of distress in survivors, research participants, students, and colleagues, in order to mitigate and avoid individuals’ re-traumatisation, and secondary traumatic stress.
TRIGGER WARNING: This paper contains survivor’s accounts of feelings and experiences related to child sexual abuse and eating disorder.
Keywords: Child sexual abuse, embodiment, gender-based violence, temporality, trauma, trauma-informed approaches
An Introduction to Trauma-Informed Teaching in Anthropology
Authors: Tantam William
Published: December 2024

This editorial introduces the significance of a trauma-informed approach for teaching and learning in anthropology. It will provide an overview of key terms relating to trauma, and how these might apply to anthropological teaching and learning contexts. It also considers what these teaching contexts might reveal about trauma-informed approaches, drawing on conversations with colleagues from across different institutions into their experiences working with trauma. It identifies the centrality of trust and control in reflecting the needs of participants and students.
 
This collection brings together pieces from anthropologists working at different academic career stages: from those writing up PhD fieldwork to those reflecting on longer teaching and research engagements with trauma. The issue also comprises of work on very different ethnographic contexts including the UK, Greece, Italy, South Africa, Palestine, and Lebanon. This heterogeneity illustrates the usefulness of trauma as a lens through which to interpret multiple forms of experience, whether considering how to teach students about challenging topics, engage with those who have experienced trauma, or make sense of how to navigate our own experiences. Overall, it suggests that conversations around how to work with trauma need to be had with others - between students, colleagues, departments, and institutions.
Keywords: Trauma, vicarious trauma, historical trauma, trauma-informed approaches
Loss of β-Cell KATP Reduces Ca2+ Sensitivity of Insulin Secretion and Trpm5 Expression
Authors: York Nathaniel W. , Yan Zihan , Osipovich Anna B. , Tate Abbie , Patel Sumit , Piston David W. , Magnuson Mark A. , Remedi Maria S. , Nichols Colin G.
Published: December 2024

Loss-of-function mutations in ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channels cause hyperexcitability and insulin hypersecretion, resulting in congenital hyperinsulinism (CHI). Paradoxically, despite the initial insulin hypersecretion, many CHI cases, as well as KATP knockout (KO) animals, eventually “crossover” to undersecretion and even diabetes. Here, we confirm that Sur1 KO islets exhibit higher intracellular concentration of calcium ion ([Ca2+]i) at all concentrations of glucose but show decreased glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. However, when [Ca2+]i is artificially elevated by increasing extracellular [Ca2+], insulin secretion from Sur1 KO islets increases to the same levels as in wild-type (WT) islets. This indicates that a right-shift in [Ca2+]i dependence of insulin secretion, rather than loss of insulin content or intrinsic secretability, is the primary cause for the crossover. Chronic pharmacological inhibition of KATP channel activity by slow release of glibenclamide in pellet-implanted mice causes a very similar crossover to glucose intolerance and impaired insulin secretion seen in Sur1 KO animals. Whole-islet and single-cell transcriptomic analysis reveal markedly reduced Trpm5 in both conditions. Glibenclamide pellet–implanted Trpm5 KO mice also exhibited significant glucose intolerance. However, this was not as severe as in WT animals, which suggests decreased expression of Trpm5 may play a small role in the disruption of insulin secretion with KATP loss.

Article Highlights

Congenital hyperinsulinism caused by loss of ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channels crosses over to unexplained undersecretion. Why does loss of β-cell KATP channel activity result in undersecretion of insulin and glucose tolerance, despite elevated intracellular concentration of calcium ion ([Ca2+]i) levels? Superelevation of [Ca2+]i in supraphysiological extracellular [Ca2+] boosted secretion from Sur1 knockout (KO) islets to the same levels as WT, indicating a right-shift in [Ca2+]i dependence of secretion. Transcriptomic analysis revealed markedly reduced β-cell Trpm5 in the absence of KATP. KATP inhibition in Trpm5 KO mice still caused significant glucose intolerance, but slightly less severe than in WT animals. Right-shifted [Ca2+]i dependence of secretion explains crossover. Downregulation of Trpm5 may be involved.
Loss of b-cell KATP reduces Ca2+ sensitivity of insulin secretion and Trpm5 expression
Authors: W. York Nathaniel , Yan Zihan , B. Osipovich Anna , Tate Abbie , Patel Sumit , W. Piston David , A. Magnuson Mark , S. Remedi Maria , G. Nichols Colin
Published: December 2024

Loss-of-function (LOF) mutations in KATP channels cause hyperexcitability and insulin hypersecretion, resulting in congenital hyperinsulinism (CHI). Paradoxically, despite the initial insulin hypersecretion, many CHI cases, as well as KATP knockout (KO) animals, eventually ‘crossover’ to undersecretion and even diabetes. Here we confirm that Sur1 KO islets exhibit higher intracellular [Ca2+] ([Ca2+]i) at all [glucose], but show decreased glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. However, when [Ca2+]i is artificially elevated by increasing extracellular [Ca2+], insulin secretion from Sur1 KO islets increases to the same levels as WT islets. This indicates that a right-shift in [Ca2+]i-dependence of insulin secretion, rather than loss of insulin content or intrinsic secretability, is the primary cause for the crossover. Chronic pharmacological inhibition of KATP channel activity by slow release of glibenclamide in pellet-implanted mice causes a very similar ‘crossover’ to glucose intolerance and impaired insulin secretion to that seen in Sur1 KO animals. Whole islet and single cell transcriptomic analysis reveal markedly reduced Trpm5 in both conditions. Glibenclamide pellet-implanted Trpm5 KO mice also exhibited significant glucose intolerance. However, this was not as severe as in WT animals, which suggests that decreased expression of Trpm5 may play a small role in the disruption of insulin secretion with KATP loss.
Understanding Adaptation Landscapes: Mapping the Complexity of Decision-Making in Reindeer Herding
Authors: Horstkotte Tim , Löf Annette , Moen Jon
Published: December 2024

A dynamic world requires people to constantly adapt their behavior and make decisions to maintain or enhance relationships between each other and the environment. Where the combined effects of anthropogenic and environmental change affect the livelihoods of Indigenous people, their options to pursue preferred adaptation strategies are often restricted by competing land uses. In this context, we explore how Sámi reindeer herders in Northern Sweden navigate the complexity of decision-making on adaptation, specifically decisions regarding supplementary feeding when winter grazing resources are inaccessible. How are decisions made and where are they positioned on an adaptation-maladaptation continuum? In a participatory approach with two reindeer herding communities, we use fuzzy cognitive mapping to explore the multi-dimensional complexity surrounding supplementary feeding. Our results emphasize the herders’ conviction that supplementary feeding is not a preferred adaptation strategy. It is rather a forced response driven by complex system dynamics that transform their pastoral landscape. To maintain the preferred traditional herding practices, desired adaptation measures viewed from a herding perspective should thus center at the system level, such as halting the loss and restoring already lost grazing grounds. This would require meaningful recognition and demands inclusion of reindeer herders’ right to self-determination into adaptation policies to mitigate environmental change.