bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of nuclear morphometry in the cytologic evaluation of thyroid neoplasms
Authors: Thomas Joyce , Chhadi Tulsi Shyam , Chhadi Hirkani
Published: May 2024

Background: Nuclear morphometry is purported to allow better differentiation between various thyroid lesions beyond what is offered by conventional cytology. The present study was conducted to evaluate the nuclear morphometric parameters in fine needle aspirates of thyroid neoplasms and to study their role in differentiating benign and malignant thyroid neoplasms.
Materials and Methods: Nuclear morphometric parameters of all the patients presenting with thyroid swelling and undergoing fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) and belonging to Category III, IV, V, and VI of the Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology (TBSRTC) were studied.
Results: Out of a total of 60 cases, a maximum was noted from category IV which is follicular neoplasm or suspicious for follicular neoplasm. The sensitivity of FNAC for the diagnosis of thyroid lesions in the present study was observed at 87.71%. The nuclear morphometry parameters – short axis diameter, long axis diameter, nuclear area, and perimeter showed significant differences between benign and malignant lesions (p-value <0.001). The mentioned nuclear morphometric parameters were observed to be the highest in anaplastic carcinoma followed by papillary carcinoma and medullary carcinoma, and lowest in follicular neoplasms. A significant difference was observed in the nuclear parameters of follicular adenoma and follicular carcinoma.
Conclusions: Nuclear morphometry can help in distinguishing between benign and malignant thyroid lesions, particularly in the diagnosis of indeterminate smears where there is a disparity in diagnosis on conventional cytology, especially in differentiating follicular neoplasms.
UNDERSTANDING FAMINE THROUGH VISUAL AND DIGITAL MEDIA: WESTERN PERSPECTIVES ON THE 1921-22 FAMINE IN RUSSIA
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University, Lomonosova Marina , Bykov Aleksandr ,   Saint Petersburg State University
Published: May 2024

In the contemporary era, the intersection of history, technology, and the politics of memory has grown increasingly vital. Nations with technological prowess wield history as a potent tool to shape present ideologies. This dynamic has intensified ideological battles in the digital domain, where virtual policies can diverge from reality. Memory institutions, governmental and private, have harnessed digital platforms to disseminate their interpretations of history, often linked to political agendas. While these institutions hold significant sway, they remain underexplored in Russian academia. Developing post-Soviet states have established institutions such as the Polish Institute of National Remembrance and the Hungarian Historical Service to shape historical narratives. These entities emerged after the USSR's dissolution or the EU's formation, infusing an anti-Soviet stance into the politics of memory. This has led to the rise of "post-truth" journalism, distorting historical truths for narrative purposes. However, the need for similar institutions in Russia remains an underexplored topic in academic circles. Visual documents play a crucial role in sociological exploration, offering glimpses into historical realities. While often overlooked within Russia, they have been used abroad for political and ideological purposes. Addressing this void, the State Archive Service of the Samara Region published a two-volume documentary collection on the 1921-22 famine, providing a crucial resource for scholars. Russian researchers possess a distinct advantage in accessing archival materials, enabling them to counter myths and influence memory politics. Their engagement safeguards historical memory and shapes societal values. Western researchers, despite challenges, employ digital platforms extensively, influencing narratives disproportionately.
PRACTICES OF "SELF-CARING": FROM SYMBOLIC TO MANIPULATIVE DIMENSION OF DIGITAL MASS MEDIA
Authors:   Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Makarova N.P. ,   St Petersburg University
Published: May 2024

The contemporary German philosopher W. Welsch points to the current processes of widespread aestheticization, "the sensibility of well-being" and the advertising character of lifestyle, enhanced by the effects of mass media and social networks. Today, mass media do not simply offer and exchange attractive lifestyles; they shape the practices of "the care of the self" into practices of coercion. Which, in essence, is a model of communication simulation and a mechanism of manipulative technologies. The promise of security, the totality of self-preservation, and the substitution of life with "summer freshness," which Th. Adorno noted in the twentieth century in his discussion of the jargon of authenticity, are exploited by the mass media in the twenty-first century and embodied in the production and lifestyle that have become decisive and legitimate. The contemporary subject is constituted on the basis of a certain number of rules, styles and conventions found in the digital medial space. It is necessary to define contemporary practices of "the care of the self" in order to understand the imputed and circulating stable forms of relations in contemporary culture. An attempt is made to answer the following questions: How is the subject in practices of "the care of the self" constituted by the effects of digital mass media? What are the relations that exist between the subject being formed and the forms of mass-media power relations?
Digital dominants of identification
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Prokudin D.E.
Published: May 2024

This report analyzes the main digital spaces of the existence of the "network man". The main digital markers and tools of cultural identification and self-identification are identified. The dominant forms of the concept of the "cultural core" that arise and develop in the context of the dominance of digital interaction are revealed. Their role in the formation of cultural identity is established, and the function of the "protective belt" in the digital environment is problematized.
Analysis of the modern significance of the traditional Chinese theater Yuan Zaju (1271–1368)
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University, Peng Zhen
Published: May 2024

China is an ancient civilization with a history of 5,000 years, with a long history and many ethnic groups. From the Han Dynasty to the middle of the Tang Dynasty, there were "baixi" (百戏) and "Can Jun xi" (参军)). During the Middle and late Tang Dynasty, opera was gradually formed. During the Song-Jin dynasties, opera developed rapidly and laid the foundation for the Yuan Ming Opera. This article, firstly, examines the historical and cultural background of the Yuan Zaju and analyzes the reasons for their popularity in feudal society; secondly, the plot structure of the Yuan Zaju has a linear course. The main structural scheme of Yuan-Zaju and its modern social influence.
CONCEPTUALIZATION THE EXPERIENCE OF SOVIET FASHION TO RECONSIDERATION OF THE SLOW FASHION PHENOMENON
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University, Zaitseva D. S.
Published: May 2024

The requirements imposed on the Soviet taste in clothing, formed mainly in the 1950s (first of all, a sense of proportion, modesty, simplicity, elegance, rejection of excesses), are explained by socialist morality, the ideological situation, the peculiarities of the functioning of the economic system in the USSR. However, some consumer habits and strategies formed in the 1950s and later can be rethought in the spirit of the concept of “slow fashion”, relevant in the XXI century. In particular, the predominance of classical style, the spread of bricolage practices and the building of special emotional ties with wardrobe items meet the requirements of the theory of modern sustainable fashion. The works of modern researchers of slow fashion and sustainable consumption, mainly foreign authors, as well as domestic empirical material — published interviews with Soviet people about vestigial practices, materials of the satirical publication “Crocodile” and women's magazines “Rabotnitsa” and “Krestyanka” — were used to prepare this report.
Algısal Karar Verme Süreçleri Çerçevesinde İnsan Hareketlerini Tanıma
Authors: Ürgen Burcu A. , Evsen Şeyda
Published: May 2024

İnsan olmayan primatlarla yapılan nörofizyolojik çalışmalar, algısal karar vermeyi iki aşamalı bir süreçle karakterize etmektedir: 1) duyusal kanıt birikimi (accumulation of sensory evidence), 2) yanıt seçimine yol açan karar sınırı (decision bound). Bu çalışmalar yaygın olarak rastgele nokta hareketi uyaranlarını kullanmış ve hareket uyaranlarının uyumluluğu arttıkça lateral intraparietal bölge (LIP)'deki nöronların ateşleme hızının arttığını ve davranışsal tepki süresinin azaldığını göstermiştir. Son zamanlarda insanlarda yapılan EEG çalışmaları, LIP nöronları ile benzer fonksiyonel özellikler gösteren ve duyusal kanıt birikimi süreci ile ilişkili olan CPP (Centro-Parietal Positivity) olaya ilişkin potansiyelini ortaya çıkarmıştır. CPP bileşeninin parametrelerinin alınan kararlara dair önemli bilgiler taşıdığı gösterilmiştir. Ancak, bugüne kadar yapılan çalışmalar, süreci en temel haliyle anlayabilmek için basit ve düşük seviyeli uyaranlar kullanmıştır. Algısal karar verme süreçlerinin, canlıların ve özellikle de insanların eylemleri gibi daha karmaşık ve sosyal olarak daha anlamlı uyaranlar (biyolojik hareket) işlenirken benzer olup olmayacağı cevabı henüz bilinmeyen bir sorudur. Başka bir deyişle, bugüne kadar yapılan çalışmalarla ortaya çıkarılan algısal karar verme süreçlerinin, uyarandan bağımsız, genel-geçer süreçler olup olmadığı bilinmemektedir. Bu derleme makalede, insan eylemlerinin tanınmasında rol oynayan algısal karar verme süreçleri ve bu süreçlerin nörofizyolojik temellerini araştırılmasının önemi üzerinde durulmuş ve bu çalışmalara yön veren ve daha basit uyaranlar ile yapılmış algısal karar verme çalışmalarının bir derlemesi sunulmuştur. Sonuç bölümünde, bu alanda yapılacak araştırmaların gerek klinik popülasyonlar (psikolojik ve nörolojik rahatsızlıklar) için teşhis ve tedavi geliştirmede, gerekse insan hayatının refahını yükseltecek yapay zekâ teknolojileri geliştirmedeki öneminden bahsedilmiştir.
Yetişkin Bireylerde Aleksitimi ve Mükemmeliyetçilik Arasındaki İlişkide Belirsizliğe Tahammülsüzlüğün Aracı Etki Rolünün İncelenmesi
Authors: Şahin İlayda , Çetintulum Huyut Betül
Published: May 2024

Aleksitimi, belirsizliğe tahammülsüzlük ve mükemmeliyetçilik kavramları günümüzde çok sık karşımıza çıkan tanılar üstü kavramlardır. Bu araştırmanın temel amacı, aleksitimi ile mükemmeliyetçiliğin üç boyutu (katı, öz eleştirel, narsist) arasındaki ilişkide belirsizliğe tahammülsüzlüğün iki boyutunun (ileriye yönelik kaygı, engelleyici kaygı) aracılık rolünü gösteren bir yapısal model önermektir. Bu doğrultuda Toronto Aleksitimi Ölçeği (TAÖ-20), Büyük Üçlü Mükemmeliyetçilik Ölçeği (BUMÖ-16) ve Belirsizliğe Tahammülsüzlük (BT-12) ölçekleri Türkiye’de yaşayan 18-60 yaş aralığındaki 388’i kadın 152’i ise erkek olan 540 katılımcıya çevrimiçi olarak uygulanmıştır. Veriler SmartPLS 4 istatistik programı kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Faktör analizleri sonucunda araştırmanın iç tutarlık güvenirliği, birleşme ve ayrışma geçerliği sağladığı bulunmuştur. Bu çalışmanın değişkenlerinin ortak paydasının tanılar üstü kavramlar olması kategorik tanı sistemiyle karşılaştırılmasına imkân tanımıştır. Araştırma sonuçları, aleksitimik belirtileri yüksek olmasının mükemmeliyetçiliğin “öz eleştirel mükemmeliyetçilik” alt boyutunu artırdığını göstermektedir. Bireylerin aleksitimik belirti düzeyinin yüksek olması, belirsizliğe tahammülsüzlüğün “ileriye yönelik kaygı” “engelleyici kaygı” alt boyutlarını artırmaktadır. İleriye yönelik kaygı alt boyutu ile bireylerin katı, öz eleştirel ve narsist mükemmeliyetçilik alt boyutlarıyla pozitif yönde etkisi bulunmuş ve araştırmanın hipotezleri doğrulanmıştır. Engelleyici kaygı alt boyutu ile sadece narsist mükemmeliyetçilik alt boyutu arasında pozitif yönde etki bulunmuştur. Aleksitimi ve mükemmeliyetçilik boyutları arasındaki ilişkide belirsizliğe tahammülsüzlüğün alt boyutlarının bütünleyici kısmi ve tam olmak üzere aracı etki rolleri bulunmuştur.
Teacher Self-Efficacy and Preparedness for Integrating STEM Education Using a Project-Based Learning Approac
Authors: Tucker Camryn Brooke , Byrd Kelly Overby , Gossen Drew , Morrison Karen
Published: May 2024

The purpose of this mixed-methods, sequential, explanatory study was to investigate elementary mathematics and/or science teachers’ self-efficacy for implementing integrated science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) instruction through a project-based learning (PBL) approach to learning in the classroom. Further explored were elementary mathematics and/or science teachers’ perceived barriers and needed supports for effective implementation of integrated STEM education using a PBL approach. Participants (n = 43) included elementary mathematics and/or science teachers from seven local school districts in a single southeastern state in the U.S. Quantitative data were collected using the STEM Confidence Questionnaire, and qualitative data were collected from focus group interviews and responses to open-ended questions within the questionnaire. Item-level analysis showed that teacher self-efficacy was the lowest for developing both formative and summative assessments, while teacher confidence levels in gaining students’ interest and motivation in STEM and learning new and appropriate technologies were reported as the highest. Results indicated that while teachers reported confidence in implementing integrated STEM lessons, several barriers preventing them from doing so were identified. Various supports were also discussed including administrative support, additional resources, and adequate training to aid teachers in the successful implementation of integrated STEM education using a PBL approach.
Entre el mutualismo y la institucionalización. Los trabajadores del Ferrocarril Sud Pacífico de México y los caminos de la negociación en el periodo institucional, 1917–1927
Authors:   Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios Superiores en Antropología Social, Beltrán Juárez Jorge
Published: May 2024

The aim of this article is to analyze the organization of workers of the South Pacific Railway Company of Mexico during the country’s initial constitutional decade. During this period, the management of their rights vacillated between mutualism and institutionalization. This analysis posits that workers in post-revolutionary Mexico did not immediately adhere to the provisions outlined in constitutional Article 123. Instead, these workers amalgamated mutualistic and normative elements as a negotiation tool in their conflicts against the capital. Through a review of bibliographic and documentary sources, this study reconstructs three distinct labor conflicts occurring in 1917, 1923, and 1927. I argue that the observed oscillation between mutualism and institutionalization was a consequence of various intertwined factors, of which the most relevant are the prevalence of general mutualism in Sonora, the legal ambiguity regarding the jurisdiction to arbitrate railway conflicts between local and federal authorities, and the influence of local political clientelism.
Representation of musical traditions in written artifacts of the Ancient East
Authors: Tairova I. A. , Sharyafetdinov R. Kh.
Published: May 2024

With the help of a philological analysis of music art in written sources, the article considers the paradigm of the representatives of the Ancient East civilizations worldview. Special attention is paid to the semantic sphere of music as one of the basic components of the general concept of the worldview of early human communities. The symbolic and sacred meanings of musical instruments are revealed through ancient texts in the context of the strict canons of traditional cultures. Documentary evidence – the first mentions of music art in the system of the most ancient states of the East worldview, legends, as well as works of later authors about music in the context of national and cultural specifics of the first civilizations – Ancient Egypt, Mesopotamia, Ancient Persia, Ancient India, Ancient China – are given.
M. A. Bulgakov’s journalistic activity in the “Gudok” newspaper
Authors: Chudnovsky M. A.
Published: May 2024

The article examines the period of M.Bulgakov’s journalistic activity in the
“Gudok” newspaper from 1922 to 1926: from the first steps to becoming a master of the feuilleton genre. The author explores the initial period of Bulgakov’s journalistic activity
in the “Gudok” newspaper, the reasons and circumstances that led the young author to it
and his first publication on the pages of “Gudok” . The author also notes the special role
of the “smenovekhov” newspaper “Nakanune” in Bulgakov’s further relationship with the
newspaper and the appearance of sparkling feuilletons on its pages. The author’s research
is based on the fundamental works of the main biographers of the writer, Bulgakov’s diary
entries and personal studies of the original newspaper files of the period between 1922 and
1926. The article also briefly reviews Bulgakov’s feuilletons published on the pages of the
“Gudok” newspaper during the period.
“...It is impossible not to come to... the conclusion that Opacki’s further stay at the university is completely useless...”: Episodes of the biography of the latinist S. Opacki
Authors:   Kazan (Volga region) Federal University, Nikitin A.A. ,   National Museum of the Republic of Tatarstan
Published: May 2024

The study is an attempt to reconstruct the Kazan stage of the scientific and pedagogical activity of the latinist Stanislaw Opacki (1847–?) in the context of studying the institutional history of pre-revolutionary antiquity in Kazan. In the process of working on the reconstruction of professor Opacki’s “lifestyle”, a corpus of unpublished archival documents was studied, currently stored in the fund of the Imperial Kazan University (Fund 977) of the State Archive of the Republic of Tatarstan. In order to comprehend the scientific biography of the scientist, a problem-chronological method was applied, which ensured the formation of an accurate picture of S. Opacki’s life in Kazan in 1885–1900. The analysis of the selected archival files made it possible to learn about such little-known aspects of the scientist’s life as relationships with colleagues at the faculty, students and university employees, their nature and influence on the life of a Latin scholar and a professorial corporation. Special attention is paid to the communication of Opacki with Dean Dmitry Belyaev and Dariusz Nagujewski, his colleague at the department. The sources shed light on the assessment of the scientist’s scientific and pedagogical competencies by contemporaries, the circumstances of the appointment of the researcher to the post of extraordinary professor in 1890. In the course of the work, the history of the scientist’s resignation from the university in 1889 and 1900 was established. As a result, it was possible to find an explanation of the difficult relationship between Opacki and his Kazan colleagues, to identify the causes of conflicts and classify them, to determine the significance of Opacki’s stay at the faculty for the development of ancient philology in Kazan in 1890–1900.
Social activity of the Russian Orthodox Church in 1914–1915 (case study of the Nizhni Novgorod Eparchy)
Authors:   N.N. Miklukho-Maklai Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Tsareva T.V.
Published: May 2024

The social activities of the Russian Orthodox Church acquired a special role during dramatic periods of Russian history associated with wars and military conflicts. Retrospectively reviewing the activities of the dioceses of the Russian Orthodox Church during the First World War, it can be stated that much attention was paid not only to the spiritual state of believers, but also to the development of activities aimed at providing assistance to the military, the wounded and the families of those at the front. During the period 1914–1915 the social activities of the Church were intensified, while starting from 1916, due to changes in moods at the front, the emphasis shifts to religious and pastoral leadership in the home front. Relying on the data from church periodicals of 1914–1915, the article analyzes the activities of Nizhny Novgorod diocese (one of the main spiritual centers in Russia) during this period, which, in its turn, may serve as a direct example of the organization of the Church’s social ministry during wartime.
Long Objective Sleep Duration is a Marker of Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults: Findings from the Cretan Aging Cohort
Authors: Basta Maria , Bouloukaki Izolde , Skourti Eleni , Zampetakis Alexandros , Alexopoulou Christina , Ganiaris Andronikos , Aligizaki Marina , Zaganas Ioannis , Simos ‘Panagiotis , Vgontzas Alexandros
Published: May 2024

We examined associations between objective sleep duration and cognitive status in older adults initially categorized as cognitively non-impaired (CNI, n = 57) or diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment (MCI, n = 53). On follow-up, 8 years later, all participants underwent neuropsychiatric/neuropsychological evaluation and 7-day 24-h actigraphy. On re-assessment 62.7% of participants were cognitively declined. Patients who developed dementia had significantly longer night total sleep time (TST) than persons with MCI who, in turn, had longer night TST than CNI participants. Objective long sleep duration is a marker of worse cognitive status in elderly with MCI/dementia and this association is very strong in older adults.
Various Comparative Studies of Constantly Applied Methods in Assisting the Demography Research of China
Authors: Ai Hanbing
Published: May 2024

Demography research is of great importance due to it can affect various aspects of a country. We mainly focus on using various comparative studies to examine and predict the population quantity, female size, and urban population size of China. We initially compared the effectiveness of several interpolation algorithms to add more samples and then we constructed two more comparative studies of the Malthus model, Logistic model, GM (1, 1) model, BP neural network, and Leslie model to assist the demography research of China. Especially, three novel metaheuristic algorithms were applied to the Logistic model. Compared results verified that metaheuristics can assist the Logistic model to obtain far more accurate parameters and also revealed that using the Logistic model combined with a novel metaheuristic to predict the population quantity and urban population size and the BP neural network to estimate the female size can acquire the most ideal results.
Vetreny belt as a geological heritage of unique paleoproterozoic tectonomagmatic processes in the Fennoscandin shield
Authors: Mezhelovskaya S. V. , Yushin К. I. , Mezhelovsky А. D.
Published: May 2024

We presented the history of discovery and development of geological hypotheses about the conditions of formation of one of the largest Paloproterozoic structures of the Baltic Shield  — the Vetreny Belt. Its uniqueness in relation to the same-age sedimentary-volcanogenic structures of the region is shown, consisting of the formation of volcanics with the spinifex structure, typical only for Archean formations. The unique composition of rocks with good preservation of primary structures and minerals was established for the Vetreny Belt. The experiment proved that volcanic rocks belong to the komatiite series. The problems of stratigraphic and tectonic schemes were considered, some of which are still debatable. The study of the isotopic composition of detrital zircon by LA-ICP-MS from metaterrigenic rocks of the Vetreny Belt hypothesizes calm tectonic conditions of sedimentation, a stable level of erosional shearing, and the age of formation of the structure being Sumian.
Indicators of active faults on the example of Gomel Structural Bridge
Authors: Gusev А. Р.
Published: May 2024

Introduction. Modern geodynamic activity manifests itself in fault zones of aseismic regions as fluctuations in the fluid-gas regime, which determines the importance of gas geochemical indicators.

Aim. Diagnostics of the modern geodynamic activity of fault zones in the Gomel Structural Bridge based on a set of indicators (thickness of Quaternary deposits, relief, hydrographic network, hydrogen and methane anomalies)/

Materials and methods. Studies of the modern activity of fault zones were carried out by indication and geochemical methods (study of subsoil gases and methane content in the troposphere).

Results. The relationship between fault zones and the morpholithogenic basis of landscapes was studied. Based on the anomalous thickness of Quaternary deposits and erosion of Paleogene deposits, glacial troughs controlled by fault zones were discovered (in the northern and southwestern parts of the Gomel Structural Bridge). Gas-geochemical anomalies were recorded in the subsurface air and groundwater. The ground gas geochemical anomalies correspond to increased concentrations of tropospheric methane.

Conclusion. Gas anomalies indicate a different degree of modern activity of fault zones. The greatest geodynamic activity is typical of the northern part of the Gomel Structural Bridge.
Mechanism of self-induced haudralic fracturing in undeveloped formations and assessment of its impact on field development on the example of the Priobskoye field
Authors: Islamov А. I. , Esaulkov S. D.
Published: May 2024

Background. Reservoir flooding is one of the main methods of oil production in low-permeability fields. At the same time, the natural decrease in the effectiveness of the flooding method leads to an increase in the water injection pressure. One of the side effects is the so-called self-induced crack growth in injection wells, which can be accompanied by a crack breakthrough in the production well operation area. A crack breakthrough, in turn, leads to problems associated with unproductive injection.

Aim. To establish the relationship between the development of self-induced hydraulic cracks of technogenic origin with the technological operation parameters of injection wells, the geological properties of formations, the tectonogenetic features of stress distribution across the lower part of the sedimentary cover of the research site (the Priobskoye field).

Materials and methods. Hydraulic fracturing design calculation programs: Planar 3D, FracCADE. Analytical tools: Hall plot.

Results. The relationship between abnormally high reservoir pressures with the phenomenon of technogenic self-induced hydraulic fracturing is determined based on the obtained complications in drilling boreholes, associated with the production of abnormally high reservoir pressures in transit and undeveloped formations. The formation mechanism of self-induced hydraulic fracturing is established. The feasibility of optimizing the current development system in terms of achieving the design oil recovery coefficient of the reservoir is considered.

Conclusion. Optimization of the existing development system at the pilot site of the Priobskoye field using low-permeable reservoirs is proposed. In the case of its successful application, the approach can be used for the entire field, as well as other fields similar in geological structure.
Contribution of russian scientists and specialists to the development of the oil and gas industry in the Caspian region
Authors: Panov Yu. Р. , Serikova U. S. , Gurbanov V. Sh.
Published: May 2024

Russian scientists, engineers, inventors, and talented entrepreneurs have made a great contribution to the development the Caspian region, one of the main sources of hydrocarbons in the world. In many respects, these specialists have determined the directions of rational development of the oil industry in coastal states and the oil business as a whole. Russian scientists have played an important role in the formation of national scientific schools, which have had a significant impact on the global knowledge in the field. This article memorializes the names of scientists and prominent specialists who have contributed to the development of the oil and gas industry, setting the example of service to the Motherland, Society, and Science. The article is based on the results of a report at the plenary section of the international scientific conference entitled “Formation and development of the oil and gas industry — the contribution of Russian and Azerbaijani scientists and specialists”.
Morphological features and composition of noble metal minerals in disseminated and massive ores of the central part of the Oktyabrskoe deposit, Norilsk region
Authors: Canhimbue L. S. , Tolstykh N. D. , Krivolutskaya N. А. , Talovina I. V.
Published: May 2024

Background. The composition of ores and noble metal minerals (NMM) in the Oktyabrskoe deposit of the Norilsk region varies significantly. An analysis of NMM occurrence forms and their associations may elucidate the conditions of their appearance in ores. Research into the morphology of these minerals is of fundamental importance for solving technological issues of their extraction from sulfide ores.

Aim. To analyze the occurrence forms and associations of NMM to determine their formation conditions.

Materials and methods. In total, 44 polished sections obtained from drill-core holes in the central part of the Oktyabrskoe deposit were examined. The composition and morphology of NNM samples were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy.

Results. Forms of NMM in sulphide ores have been studied and the density of their aggregates has been determined. Different NMM paragenesis depending on the composition of sulphide ores was revealed. The hypothesis of the existence of an inverse relationship between the NMM crystallisation temperature and sulphur fugacity in the ore-forming system was confirmed.

Conclusion. In the central part of the Oktyabrskoe deposit, the composition of NMM and their occurrence forms differ significantly depending of the type of sulfide ores and reflecting the genetic features of their mineralization. Differences in NMM paragenesis indicate a separate, independent evolution of each type of disseminated and massive ores under different conditions. This allows us to update the established model of ore formation in the Oktyabrskoe deposit.
Determination of the inter-repair cycle of production boreholes for underground uranium leaching
Authors: Arsentiev Yu. А. , Nazarov A. P. , Soloviev N. V. , Ivanov D. А. , Ivanov А. G.
Published: May 2024

Introduction. The operation of technological wells for underground leaching of metals inevitably leads to a decrease in their design productivity, which is accompanied by an increase in the development time of deposits. This paper shows the impact of the timeliness of repair and restoration work on the efficiency of metal mining, and also substantiates the calculated indicators for determining the duration of repair and restoration work cycles between repairs.

Target. This work is an attempt to analytically develop the main indicator of the duration of the overhaul cycle of the operation of technological wells to determine the frequency of repair and restoration work (RVR) depending on the intensity of the decline in the productivity of borehole in situ leaching (IIL) wells and the coefficient for selecting an effective type of complexes of technical means and technological methods for carrying out RVR.

Materials and methods. This work makes it possible to solve the above problems by approximating the exponential pattern of changes in the productivity of a technological well over time by a linear function.

Results. The specified methodological approach made it possible to obtain the main and derivative indicators: Тм — the duration of the MRC of a technological well, kв  — the indicator of restoration of a technological well, kэ  — an indicator for choosing an effective type of RWR and to formulate methodological provisions for justifying the frequency of performing RWR of technological wells of SPV uranium to restore them as designed, and the permissible maximum performance.

Conclusion. The resulting dependencies have a simple form and can be used by the linear personnel of the RVR and DPR (production of productive solutions).
The “Erasmus” Programme in the European and multipolar educational area
Authors:   Centro Universitário Integrado, De Martino M. , Barnashov O.V. ,   Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba,, Alonzi R. ,   Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba,, Isidori E. ,   University of Rome Foro Italico
Published: May 2024

This article delves into the role of the “Erasmus” Programme within the context of European and multipolar educational spaces. Recognized as a significant tool for international academic mobility, the “Erasmus” Programme serves as a catalyst for higher education cooperation between participating countries. The program has grown beyond its initial European scope, encompassing universities, youth organizations, and transnational corporations worldwide. The “Erasmus” is not only instrumental in fostering innovative approaches to education, encouraging knowledge exchange, and strengthening international partnerships, but also performs broader political functions. It contributes to socio-economic resources for European citizens, reinforces the EU's political stability, and promotes solidarity among the member states. The “Erasmus” Programme has become a unifying foundation for not only European countries but also a wide range of partner nations, making it an attractive model for regions worldwide and a successful instrument of the EU's foreign policy. The relevance of the “Erasmus” Program is enhanced from a practical point of view in the context of reforming the higher education system in Kazakhstan and closer integration with European educational models.
KazakhstanMigration from Russia against the background of mobilization and their impact on the socio-economic situation of Central Asian countries
Authors:   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Kadyrbek Zh.M. , Orakbayeva U.M. ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University
Published: May 2024

In the context of the aggravation of the geopolitical situation, migration processes in the post-Soviet space are moving into a state of turbulence, which has a serious impact on the socio-economic development of the countries of Central Asia. In this regard, the urgency of the migration problem is increasing, which creates risks of deterioration in the state of the labor market, interethnic relations and the development of the shadow economy. As research methods, content analysis and a systematic method were chosen to identify the relationship between political events and migration. Thus, this study will adequately highlight the migration problem against the background of geopolitical turbulence in Central Asia in modern regional studies and analyze its “side” effects on the state of the socio-economic system. At the same time, the study is aimed at developing practical recommendations in the field of regulating the migration processes in the framework of modernizing the migration policy of the countries of Central Asia.
Is there a new round of regionalism in Central Asia? Content analysis of the texts of documents and Presidents’ speeches during the IV consultative meeting in 2022
Authors:   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Mukasheva Z.Ye. , Akhmedyanova D.K. ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University
Published: May 2024

In 2022 during the IV Consultative Meeting of the Heads of States of Central Asia the Treaty of Friendship, Good-Neighborhood and Cooperation for the Development of Central Asia in the 21st Century was signed. This fact indicates the deepening of cooperation between the Republics of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan, as well as the possible emergence of a new round of regionalism in Central Asia.This article presents a content analysis of the treaty texts, the joint statement of the heads of Central Asian states and presidents’ speeches of the republics, through which the key priorities in the field of cooperation for the countries of the region are identified. The results of the empirical research show that regional cooperation and security-related issues remain priorities for the Central Asian countries.The article consists of the following sections: introduction, theoretical part devoted to the processes of regionalism, literature review on the topic of regional integration in Central Asia, detailed description of the research methodology, discussion of the results and conclusions, as well as briefly highlighted current trends in the development of cooperation between the countries of the region.
Analysis of the popularity of Kazakh-language content on television
Authors:   Kostanay academy of the MIA of the Republic of Kazakhstan named after Sh. Kabylbaev, Aidarkozhin M.A. , Mukanov M.R. ,   Kostanay academy of the MIA of the Republic of Kazakhstan named after Sh. Kabylbaev
Published: May 2024

Undoubtedly, the development of the state language has a significant role in the formation of the cultural and national identity of the country. In this regard, television, due to its great popularity and prevalence, has a significant impact on the promotion of the Kazakh language and its popularization among the population. For this reason, the use of television, as a powerful tool for promoting and maintaining the Kazakh language, is one of the key strategies in the state information policy of the Republic of Kazakhstan.This article presents an analysis of trends in the Kazakh television space. The study includes an analysis of the rating indicators of the most popular Kazakh and Russian television channels, providing statistical data as evidence of how popular content in the Kazakh language is compared to content in other languages in the context of the genre focus of television programs and regional divisions of the country.Overall, the article makes an important contribution to understanding the impact of television content on the cultural and linguistic environment of Kazakhstan and offers practical recommendations for the development of media strategies that promote the promotion of the Kazakh language.The purpose of this study is to determine the level of popularity of television programs in the Kazakh language in various regions of Kazakhstan, as well as their impact on the promotion of the state language.
Political journalism of Mustafa Shokai in the magazine «Zhas Turkestan»
Authors:   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Bakenova R.Sh. , Ashirbekova G.Sh. ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Akynbekova A.B. ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University
Published: May 2024

Mustafa Shokai's contribution to the struggle for the independence of the nation and to the press has been studied by a number of scientists. In 2023, Shokai scholar Abdiuakap Karatranslated more than 140 articles by Shokai from French into Kazakh and published them in a separate book. M. Shokai is a person who has weight not only in emigrant journalism, but also in political journalism. Therefore, it is important to study his views on the interests of the nation in journalistic articles and his influence on the formation of public opinion, as well as methods of analyzing the problem. Considering the content and structure of expert articles, genre features, we determine his journalistic creative skills. The topics he raised, such as the study of the volatile nature of the political system, analysis in determining the nature of various social changes, the introduction of leadership ideas in shaping public opinion, can be used in the practice of modern mass media, as well as for the development of professional competence of journalists. The article analyzes several journalistic articles by M. Shocking in the magazine "Zhas Turkistan" from the point of view of the interests of the nation. In addition, the article analyzes all of Mustafa's thoughts about the unification of Turkic brethren, about how people come to the common world and learn.
Determination of In Vitro Biocontrol Efficacy of Trichoderma Harzianum Against Some Wheat Pathogen Fusarium Species
Authors: Atakan Aydın , Ataş Vakkas
Published: May 2024

Recently, phytopathogenic problems have been increasing day by day in cereal production and have adverse effects on its production. One of the most common methods applied to control phytopathogens is the use of synthetic chemicals. The impacts of pesticides on the environment and food safety have made their use controversial. Therefore, developing and applying methods that can replace agricultural chemicals is an issue that needs to be emphasized. In this sense, biocontrol can be an alternative approach against agrochemicals in terms of sustainable agriculture. In the present study, it was aimed to examine the biocontrol efficiency of Trichoderma harzianum against Fusarium graminearum, Fusarium culmorum and Fusarium avenaceum, causing product losses in wheat by dual culture tests and double plate assays. Results showed that T. harzianum had remarkable inhibition of mycelial growth of all Fusarium species in dual culture assays. Moreover, no statistically crucial differences were found in the double plate tests.
DATA SCIENCE METHODS AND MODELS IN MODERN ECONOMY
Authors:   Intellias Global Limited, Reznikov Roman , Turlakova Svitlana ,   Institute of Industrial Economics of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine; National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”; Limited Liability Company “Technical University "Metinvest Polytechnic”
Published: May 2024

In contemporary economics, data science models play a crucial role in analyzing complex relationships, predicting economic trends, and informing policy decisions. This article reviews the most commonly used data science models in economics, including econometric models like linear and logistic regression, Probit and Tobit models, time series analysis models such as ARIMA and Vector Autoregression (VAR), and panel data analysis methods like fixed and random effects models and Difference-in-Differences (DiD). Additionally, it explores machine learning algorithms, clustering and classification techniques, dimensionality reduction methods, Bayesian methods, and natural language processing (NLP) applications. The article highlights their purposes, applications, and relevant works, emphasizing the strengths and limitations of each model. It also discusses the impact of these models across various sectors, including finance, retail, energy, and healthcare. This comprehensive overview underscores the importance of aligning data science models with business objectives, ensuring data quality, investing in scalable technologies, fostering a data-driven culture, and addressing ethical considerations. The article concludes with future research directions, such as advanced neural network architectures, large language models, generative AI models, hybrid models, and the need for interpretable and ethical AI applications in economics. The importance of this topic lies in the transformative potential of data science models to enhance economic analysis and decision-making. By leveraging advanced data science techniques, economists can gain deeper insights into complex economic phenomena, improve forecasting accuracy, and develop more effective policies. As data-driven approaches continue to evolve, they provide powerful tools for addressing critical economic challenges, driving innovation, and fostering sustainable growth across various sectors.
ІННОВАЦІЙНА ДІЯЛЬНІСТЬ ПІДПРИЄМСТВА ВИНОРОБНОЇ ГАЛУЗІ: СТУПІНЬ, ЗНАЧЕННЯ ТА ОСОБЛИВОСТІ РОЗВИТКУ
Authors: Нагурна Ніна , Куриленко Юлія , Осипенкова Ірина
Published: May 2024

Інноваційна діяльність у виноробній галузі є дуже важливою, оскільки постійно впроваджуючи інновації, виноробне підприємство може покращувати якість своєї продукції, підвищувати продуктивність, знижувати витрати та залишатися конкурентоспроможними на ринку. Підприємствам, які вирощують виноград і займаються виноробством, важливо інвестувати в дослідження та розробки, щоб стимулювати інновації та постійно вдосконалювати свою діяльність. Ступінь і значення інновацій можуть бути різними для кожного підприємства, але загалом вони допомагають покращувати якість вина, впроваджувати нові технології в виробництво та можуть допомогти привертати увагу споживачів своїми унікальними продуктами. Особливості розвитку інновацій в виноробній галузі включають в себе пошук нових сортів винограду, вдосконалення технологій виробництва, впровадження нових методів ферментації та зберігання вина. У статті обґрунтована необхідність теоретичного осмислення провідної ролі інноваційної діяльності в розвитку виноробного виробництва та проаналізовано поняття «інновації», зокрема як нововведення, як результат творчої діяльності, наукового дослідження, як процес розробки, практичного впровадження у виноробне виробництво Обґрунтовано стадії інноваційного процесу та представлено у вигляді замкнутого циклу. Розглянуто інноваційний процес як головну ціль інноваційної діяльності виноградно-виноробного підприємства. Інновації в цій галузі можуть передбачати вдосконалення технологій вирощування винограду, процесів бродіння, методів розливу та маркетингових стратегій. Проаналізовано види інновацій, такі як економічно-соці-екологічні, організаційно-управлінські, виробничо-технологічні, селекційно-генетичні, які включають в себе сталий розвиток, впровадження енергоефективних технологій та зменшення викидів шкідливих речовин, впровадження нових методів управління, розробку ефективних стратегій та зміни в корпоративній культурі, підвищення продуктивності, якості продукції та зниження витрат на виробництво, селекцію нових сортів, гібридів з метою покращення їх врожайності, стійкості до шкідників та хвороб, чи адаптації до певних умов середовища.
РОЛЬ ОБОВ’ЯЗКОВОЇ ДИСЦИПЛІНИ «ПРОФЕСІЙНО-ОРІЄНТОВАНА ІНОЗЕМНА МОВА» У ФОРМУВАННІ ФАХОВИХ КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТЕЙ МАЙБУТНІХ ЕРГОТЕРАПЕВТІВ
Authors: Сторожук Христина Володимирівна , Камінська Ія Петрівна
Published: May 2024

Стаття досліджує роль обов'язкової дисципліни «Професійно-орієнтована іноземна мова» у підготовці майбутніх ерготерапевтів. Автори аналізують значення володіння іноземною мовою для ефективного спілкування з пацієнтами та колегами, доступу до наукових джерел і підвищення якості надання медичної допомоги. Стаття надає огляд змісту програми дисципліни та очікувані результати навчання, підкреслюючи її важливість для розвитку професійних навичок та підготовки до роботи в галузі ерготерапії. Дослідження показало, що знання іноземної мови має значний вплив на успішність ерготерапевтів, воно надає можливості впевнено спілкуватися з пацієнтами та колегами з різних країн, бути в курсі останніх наукових досягнень в ерготерапії та надавати більш якісну та ефективну допомогу пацієнтам. Обов’язкова дисципліна «Професійно-орієнтована іноземна мова» відіграє важливу роль у підготовці майбутніх ерготерапевтів, дає їм необхідні знання та навички для успішної роботи в сучасному глобалізованому світі. Після опанування цієї дисципліни студенти зможуть: вільно спілкуватися іноземною мовою на теми, пов'язані з фізичною реабілітацією та ерготерапією, читати англомовні наукові джерела та використовувати їх у своїй подальшій роботі, брати участь в міжнародних проєктах та конференціях та надавати фахову допомогу пацієнтам з різних країн. Проте проблема дослідження ролі обов’язкової дисципліни «Професійно-орієнтована іноземна мова» у формуванні фахових компетентностей майбутніх ерготерапевтів залишається остаточно не вирішеною та потребує подальшого дослідження.