bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Delineating a Volcanic Aquifer Using Groundwater-induced Gravity Changes in the Tatun Volcano Group, Taiwan
Authors: Lien Tzuyi , Chang Emmy Tsui-Yu , Hwang cheinway , Cheng Ching-Chung , Lam Kin-Fai , Chen Rou-Fei , Mu Chung-Hsiang
Published: August 2021

The Tatun Volcanic Group (TVG) is an active volcano that could cause volcanic hazards in northern Taiwan. The latest phreatic eruption of the TVG occurred some 6000 years ago. Understanding the state of groundwater around the TVG can be a crucial step towards effectively assessing the risk of phreatic explosion by providing information about the sources of groundwater and the media it flows. We measured gravity changes at a superconducting gravity station and several groundwater-sensitive sites to examine the way the groundwater altered the gravity values around the TVG. Groundwater-induced gravity changes are simulated by two hydrological models (A and B). Both models show coherent seasonal variations in groundwater level and gravity value in the center of the TVG (Chintiengang). This coherence indicates inter-connected porous media for free groundwater flows below Chintiengang. However, inconsistencies between the modeled and observed gravity changes occurred in the eastern part of the TVG, suggesting here highly heterogeneous formations with fractures and barriers may exist below Chihsinshan and Dayoukeng. The gravity consistencies and inconsistencies between the observations and the models are used to delineate a volcanic aquifer, which can provide additional information for assessing the probability of a potential phreatic eruption over the TVG.
Time in Range, Especially Overnight Time in Range, Is Associated With Sudomotor Dysfunction in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Feng Zhou-qin , Guo Qing-yu , Wang Wei , Yuan Yan-yu , Jin Xu-guang , Zhou Hui , Liu Jun , Lei Hai-yan , Yang Xin-yi , Liu Jun , Lu Bin , Shao Jia-qing , Gu Ping
Published: August 2021

Background: To research the relationship between time in range (TIR) including overnight TIR and sudomotor function detected by SUDOSCAN in type 1 diabetes (T1D).Methods: 95 patients with T1D were enrolled. TIR of 3.9-10.0 mmol/L was evaluated with CGM. SUDOSCAN measured feet electrochemical skin conductance (FESC) and sudomotor dysfunction was defined as average FESC<60µS. Logistic regressions were applied to examine the independent association of TIR and overnight TIR with sudomotor function.Results: The overall prevalence of sudomotor dysfunction was 28.42%. Patients with sudomotor dysfunction had significantly lower TIR for the whole recorded phase and for nighttime. The sudomotor dysfunction prevalence progressively declined with the ascending tertiles of TIR and nocturnal TIR (P for trend <0.05). Correlation analysis showed that the relationship between nocturnal TIR and FESC was stronger than that between TIR and FESC with correlation coefficient was respectively 0.362 and 0.356 (P <0.001). Finally, logistic regression analysis indicated the independently negative relation between TIR and nocturnal TIR and sudomotor dysfunction (P <0.05), notably, more statistically significant results were obtained between nocturnal TIR and sudomotor dysfunction. Conclusions: TIR is negatively correlated with sudomotor dysfunction in T1D independent of HbA1c. Furthermore, decreased nocturnal TIR is more closely related to the impaired function of sudomotor nerves in sweat glands.
Computer-Aided Identification of Bioactive compounds of Azadirachta indica (Neem) with Potential activity against SARS-CoV-2 main protease
Authors: Johnson Titilayo Omolara , Adegboyega Abayomi E , Adeyemi Olugbenga E , Okonkwo Francis O , Ejembi Stephen A , Oche Jane-Rose I , Oluwarotimi Emmanuel A , Bashar Farida , Johnson Grace Inioluwa , Adeyemi Oluyomi Stephen
Published: August 2021

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a zoonotic disease caused by a novel virulent virus known as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Up till now, there is still a continuous increase in cases, morbidity and fatality associated with the disease throughout the world. Azadirachta indica (Neem) is a medicinal plant popularly known for its antimalarial and broad-spectrum antiviral activities. The bioactive compounds of Neem were therefore analyzed in this study for possible inhibitory activity against the SARS-CoV-2 3-Chymotrypsin (3C)-like protease (Main protease), an important therapeutic target of the virus. This was done through a computational approach involving molecular docking, pharmacophore modelling and ADMET studies. Out of 150 Neem compounds subjected to molecular docking against the main protease, rutin had the highest binding affinity followed by tannin amine, quercitrin, hyperoside and kaempferol, before the standard inhibitor K36. The compounds interacted with Glu-166, Asn-142, His- 41, Cys-145 and other crucial amino acids residues of the catalytic cleft of the protease. Most of the selected compounds displayed acceptable drug-likeness, pharmacokinetic and toxicity parameters. These compounds could therefore be developed further for the treatment and management of COVID-19 after experimental studies.
Framework for acquisition and automated sorting of neural spikes from multielectrode recordings in freely-moving mice
Authors: Strohl Joshua J. , Gallagher Joseph T. , Gomez Pedro N. , Glynn Joshua M. , Huerta Patricio T.
Published: August 2021

BackgroundExtracellular recording represents a crucial electrophysiological technique in neuroscience for studying the activity of single neurons and neuronal populations. The electrodes capture voltage traces that, with the help of analytical tools, reveal action potentials (‘spikes’) as well as local field potentials. The process of spike sorting is used for the extraction of action potentials generated by individual neurons. Until recently, spike sorting was performed with manual techniques, which are laborious and unreliable due to inherent operator bias. As neuroscientists add multiple electrodes to their probes, the high-density devices are able to record hundreds to thousands of neurons simultaneously, making the manual spike sorting process increasingly difficult. The advent of automated spike sorting software has offered a compelling solution to this issue. The purpose of this study is to provide a simple-to-execute framework for using MountainSort, an automated spike sorting pipeline, in conjunction with MATLAB and the acquisition system (Cheetah, Neuralynx). We validate this automated framework with neural recordings from the hippocampus and prelimbic cortex. MethodsMultielectrode recordings of freely-moving mice are obtained from the CA1 region of the hippocampus as they navigate a linear track. Multielectrode recordings are also acquired from the prelimbic cortex, a region of the medial prefrontal cortex, while the mice are tested in a T maze. All animals are implanted with custom-designed, 3D-printed microdrives that carry 16 electrodes, which are bundled in a 4-tetrode geometry. ResultsWe provide an overview of a framework for analyzing single-unit data in which we have concatenated the acquisition system (Cheetah, Neuralynx) with analytical software (MATLAB) and an automated spike sorting pipeline (MountainSort). We give precise instructions on how to implement the different steps of the framework, as well as explanations of our design logic. We validate this framework by comparing manually-sorted spikes against automatically-sorted spikes, using neural recordings of the hippocampus and prelimbic cortex in freely-moving mice. ConclusionsAutomated spike sorting is a necessity for medium and large-scale extracellular neural recordings. Here, we have smoothly integrated MountainSort-based spike sorting into a framework for acquisition and analysis of multielectrode brain recordings in mice.
Impact of type 2 diabetes on the association between neurodegenerative diseases and cancer in elderly Koreans: a 10-year retrospective cohort study using the National Health Insurance Service Database
Authors: Kim Hee-Cheol , Kim Ji-Hun , Lee Ho-Jun , Kim Yang-Tae , Jang Byeong-Churl
Published: August 2021

Background

Some studies suggest that cancer and type 2 diabetes (T2D), as well as neurodegenerative disease (ND), are related to protein misfolding and possibly to each other. This study aimed to investigate the association between NDs and cancer to evaluate the impact of T2D on the association between NDs and cancer.
Methods

A population-based 10-year follow-up study was conducted using the Korean National Health Insurance Service Database between 2002 and 2015. The study population included an ND group (n = 9,292) and control group (n = 46,742), aged ≥ 60 years. A multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to evaluate the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for cancer risk.
Results

Various NDs and/or T2D were newly diagnosed in ND and control groups during the 10-year follow-up periods. Newly developed ND cases before cancer onset were 2,412 (26.0%) in the ND group and 15,435 (33.0%) in the control group (χ2 = 178.19, p < 0.01). Newly developed T2D cases before cancer onset were 4,691 (50.5%) and 25,695 (55.0%) in the ND and control groups, respectively (χ2 = 62.89, p < 0.01). As of December 31, 2015 (the end of the observation period), the number of cancer patients in the ND group was 2,040 (22.0%) and that in the control group was 8,628 (18.5%) (χ2 = 61.45, p < 0.01). The ND group was associated with an increased risk of cancer (HR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.19–1.31). In both groups, newly diagnosed ND and T2D patients showed an additive effect on cancer incidence during the follow-up period. The additional effect on cancer incidence was higher in T2D than in ND.
Conclusion

This study showed a positive association between NDs and cancer, and an additive effect of T2D on this association. Further replication studies are needed to address the association among NDs, cancer, and T2D.
Co-occurrence variation explains the low host dependence of ambrosia beetles along altitude gradients in SW China
Authors: Luo Fang , MENG LINGZENG , Wang Jian , Liu Yan-Hong
Published: August 2021

Background

Separation of biotic and abiotic impacts on species diversity distribution patterns across a significant climatic gradient is a challenge in the study of diversity maintenance mechanisms. The basic task is to reconcile scale-dependent effects of abiotic and biotic processes on species distribution models. However, Eltonian noise hypothesis predicted that the effects of biotic interactions will be averaged out at macroscales, and there are many empirical observations that biotic interactions would constrain species distributions at micro-ecological scales. Here, we used a hierarchical modeling method to detect the host specificities of ambrosia beetles (Scolytinae and Platypodinae) with their dependent tree communities across a steep climatic gradient, which was embedded within a relatively homogenous spatial niche.
Results

Species turnover of both trees and ambrosia beetles have a relatively similar pattern, characterized by the climatic proxy at a regional scale, but not at local scales. This pattern confirmed the Eltonian noise hypothesis wherein emphasis was on influences of macro-climate on local biotic interactions between trees and hosted ambrosia beetle communities, whereas local biotic relations, represented by host specificity dependence, were regionally conserved.
Conclusions

At a confined spatial scale, cross-taxa comparisons of co-occurrence highlighted the importance of the organism’s dispersal. The effects of tree abundance and phylogeny diversity on ambrosia beetle diversity were, to a large extent, indirect, operating via changes in ambrosia beetle abundance through spatial and temporal dynamics of resources distribution. Tree host dependence plays a minor role on the hosted ambrosia beetle community in this concealed wood decomposing interacting system.
Straight Interference Pattern to Curved-Expanded-Inclined Interference Pattern---Static to Dynamic Double Slit/Cross-Double Slit Experiments
Authors: peng hui
Published: August 2021

In this article, we show three novel universal phenomena of the double slit, cross-double slit and grating experiments: (1) the interference patterns can curve; (2) the interference patterns can expand; and (3) the interference patterns created by the tilt double slits can inclined to the axis that is perpendicular to the axis the diaphragm rotates around. The directions of the patterns curved towards are determined by how the diaphragm rotates, i.e., clockwise or counterclockwise. To determine the directions, we proposed Right-hand rule and Left-hand rule. The magnitudes of three phenomena depend on the direction of the rotation and two angles: the original angle of the double slit on the diaphragm relative to the rotation axis and the angle the diaphragm rotates. We derived the formular to calculate the expansion of the patterns, and the formular to calculate the inclination angle of patterns. In the regular double slit experiment, photons need to know whether there is a double slit or not. Now, photons need to know: (1) the orientation of the double slit; (2) which axis the diaphragm rotating around; (3) the direction of rotation, i.e., clockwise or counterclockwise; (4) the angle of the rotation. The Feynman’s mystery of the double slit is more mysterious.
Snoring as main symptoms of peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor in oropharynx:a case report with review of literature
Authors: Ma Xin-xiang , Zhang Chuan-xin , Ren Yi-fan , Zhang Yu-lin , Zheng Ji-ai
Published: August 2021

IntroductionIn children, snoring is often associated with hypertrophied tonsils and adenoids. There was a case in a girl who did not suffer from hypertrophy adenoids, but from a peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor (pPNET) in the oropharynx. pPNET often occurs in the deep soft tissues of the trunk, paravertebral, lower limbs and retroperitoneum. It is rarely located in children's oropharynx and makes snoring.Patient concernsWe report a case of a 4-years-old girl who complained of slurred speech and snoring. Her serum showed normal results, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a mass lesion in oropharynx. By using histology and immunohistochemistry, cluster of differentiation 99 (CD99), vimentin, friend leukemia integration 1 (FLI-1), integrase interactor-1 and α-smooth muscle actin were positive, but epithelial membrane antigen, erythroblast transformation-specific (ETS) related gene (ERG), NK homeobox 2.2, Wilms’ tumor 1 and S100-protein were negative. And the rearrangement of the Ewing sarcoma breakpoint region 1 (EWSR1) gene was proved in the test of fluorescent.DiagnosisShe was diagnosed as a peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor.Interventions and outcomeThe girl had been treated with surgery and chemotherapy. She has been well for 24 months without any signs of disease.ConclusionIn children who snore, we should not only think of hypertrophied adenoids, but also the possibility of pPNETs in oropharynx. CT scan or MRI should be conducted in time, as well as histology and immunohistochemistry to avoid misdiagnosis.
Acute Kidney Injury in Pediatric Patients with COVID-19; Clinical Features and Outcome
Authors: Mohkam Masoumeh , Mirzaee Mahbube , Jamee Mahnaz , Gorji Fatemeh Abdollah , Khalili Mitra , Tabatabaei Sedigheh Rafiei , Karimi Abdollah , Armin Shahnaz , Ghanaie Roxana Mansour , Fahimzad Seyed Alireza , Pournasiri Zahra , Tabatabaei Seyed Mohammad Taghi Hosseini , Dalirani Reza , Esfandiar Nasrin , Alibeik Mina
Published: August 2021

Background:Renal disorders are reported as both underlying conditions and complications in critical pediatric COVID-19 infection. Herein, we investigated the pattern of renal involvement, particularly acute kidney injury (AKI), among pediatric patients with COVID-19.MethodsWe prospectively enrolled hospitalized pediatric patients with the clinical diagnosis of COVID-19 infection. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory findings were gathered and analyzed, using a mixed method of qualitative and quantitative approaches and descriptive statistics.Results187 patients including 120 (64.2%) male and 67 (35.8%) female with COVID-19 infection at a median (interquartile range) of 60 (24-114) months were enrolled in this study.Most patients (n=108, 58.1%) were suffered from one or two underlying comorbidities, mainly malnutrition (77.4%), neurologic/learning disorders (21.4%) and malignancy (10.2%). Kidney was the third organ involved in 30 patients (16%) during hospital admission, after lung (53.5%) and gastrointestinal tract (39%). According to the KDIGO definition and classification, AKI was detected in 38.5% of patients (stage 1: 55.6%, stage 2: 36.1%, stage 3: 8.3%) at presentation or during follow up. Nine patients (4.8%) required hemodialysis and 16 (8.6%) patients were eventually died. There was no significant association between AKI and pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) admission (p=0.079), multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) (p=0.051), comorbidities (p=0.067), and mortality rate (p=0.789).ConclusionsKidneys are one of the major organs affected by COVID-19 infection. Although kidney abnormalities resolve in the majority of pediatric COVID-19 infection, particular attention should be given to kidney involvement in COVID-19 patients, particularly children with history of malnutrition and renal disorders.
Fast Whole-Genome Phylogeny by Compression: the COVID-19 case
Authors: Cilibrasi Rudi L. , Vitanyi Paul M.B.
Published: August 2021

We analyze the whole-genome phylogeny and taxonomy of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, causing the COVID-19 disease, using compres- sion in the form of the alignment-free NCD (Normalized Compression Distance) method to assess similarity. We compare the SARS-CoV-2 virus with a database of over 6,500 viruses. The results comprise that the SARS- CoV-2 virus is closest in that database to the RaTG13 virus and rather close to the bat SARS-like corona viruses bat-SL-CoVZXC21 and bat-SL- CoVZC45. Over 6,500 viruses are identified (given by their registration code) with larger NCD’s. The NCD’s are compared with the NCD’s between the mtDNA’s of familiar species. We treat the question whether Pangolins are involved in the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The NCD method or shortly the compression method is simpler and possibly faster than any other whole-genome method, which makes it the ideal tool to explore phylogeny. Here we use it for the complex case of determining this similarity between the COVID-19 virus SARS-CoV-2 and many other viruses. The resulting phylogeny and taxonomy closely matches earlier efforts by alignment-based methods and a machine-learning method, providing the most compelling evidence to date for the compression method showing that one can achieve equivalent results both simply and fast.
Design, Fabrication and Performance Evaluation of Solar Tunnel Dryer for Ginger Drying
Authors: Hailu Assefa Tesfaye
Published: August 2021

Background

The performance of a solar tunnel dryer for drying ginger was investigated through a series of experiments. Two axial flow fans with a power rating of 28W, supply voltage of 220V, and powered by a 50W PV module were used to supply hot air to the drying chamber.
Results and discussion

The dryer has been put through no-load and load tests with solar PV powered fans. Solar radiation, dry air temperature, ambient temperature, relative humidity (RH), and air velocity were recorded at five solar tunnel dryer positions by dividing the 8.5-meter-long solar tunnel dryer into four equal parts every thirty minutes. When the solar radiation was altered between 540 and 820 W/m2, the hot air temperature at the collector output rose from 34°C to 65.5°C for an 8-hour operation in the no-load state. At loading operation circumstances, average maximum temperatures of 30°C at 9:00 AM and 77°C at 13:00 PM were achieved. In 24 hours (3 solar days), the solar tunnel drier was able to reduce the moisture content of sliced ginger from 90.4 % to 11.8 percent (wet basis). Open sun drying, on the other hand, takes 40 hours (5 solar days) to obtain the same wet basis condition. With a solar collector area of 6 m2.
Conclusions

Eight experiments have been conducted at no-load and full-load conditions. The drying air temperature varied from 34.0°C to 65.5°C at the collector outlet. The drying time decreases as the collector area increases, whereas the drying efficiency and time savings increase. Furthermore, the gingers were totally sheltered from rain, insects, and dust while drying in the solar tunnel dryer, resulting in high-quality dried gingers. The dryer could be utilized in rural locations where there is no access to energy because the fans are driven by a solar module. The solar tunnel dryer showed a net saving in drying time of 40% over open sun drying.
Definitive chemoradiotherapy has comparable survival outcomes to esophagectomy in patients with clinical T1N0M0 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: real world data
Authors: Sawada Kentaro , Yukami Hiroki , Mishima Saori , Fujiwara Hisashi , Kadota Tomohiro , Nakajo Keiichiro , Yoda Yusuke , Nakamura Masaki , Hojo Hidehiro , Yano Tomonori , Fujita Takeo , Kojima Takashi , Kotani Daisuke
Published: August 2021

Background

Recently, the JCOG0502 has shown a comparable efficacy of chemoradiotherapy and esophagectomy in patients with clinical T1N0M0 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. However, few studies have compared the clinical outcomes of these treatments in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients (including elderly patients) based on real-world data.
Methods

This retrospective study determined real-world outcomes in patients who underwent chemoradiotherapy or esophagectomy, including those with clinical T1N0M0 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, between 2009 and 2017 at the National Cancer Center Hospital East.
Results

Among a total of 156 patients, 120 and 36 patients underwent esophagectomy and chemoradiotherapy, respectively; 138, 12 and 6 patients had Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status 0, 1, and 2, respectively; and 33 and 123 patients had clinical tumor depth MM-SM1 and SM2-SM3, respectively. In a median follow-up of 72 months, 5-year progression-free survival and overall survival were respectively 77.0% and 81.5% in the esophagectomy group and 74.4% and 82.6% in the chemoradiotherapy group (P = 0.48 and, P = 0.89). Moreover, no treatment-related death was detected in both groups. In elderly patients (75 years or older), 5-year progression-free survival and overall survival were not significantly different between esophagectomy and chemoradiotherapy groups (5-year progression-free survival: 72.3% vs. 81.8%, P = 0.38; 5-year overall survival: 76.9% vs. 81.8%, P = 0.59).
Conclusions

This real-world study confirms the results of a previous clinical trial, and the present findings support chemoradiotherapy as one of the standard treatment options in patients of all ages with clinical T1N0M0 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
Analysis and Source Identification of Heavy Metals in Soils of Central Urban Area of Chongqing, China
Authors: CHEN Wende , zhu kun , Cai Yankun , Peng Peihao
Published: August 2021

In megacities, due to frequent human activities, large amounts of metals enter the soil indirectly or directly and eventually flow to people through the food chain. Therefore, the analysis and identification of soil heavy metal sources is an important part of revealing soil heavy metal pollution. The spatial content and potential sources of 11 heavy metals were analyzed from 342 surface soil samples collected from the central city of Chongqing in southwest China. The results showed that the main heavy metal elements under the first principal component loading were copper (Cu), nickel(Ni), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), cadmium (Cr),plumbum (Pb) and cadmium(Cd).The second principal component (F2) was mainly loaded with molybdenum (Mo), arsenic (As), mercury (Hg)and antimony (Sb), and the PCA-APCs receptor model of 11 heavy metals was constructed. The PCA-APCs receptor models of 11 heavy metals were constructed. The results of classification regression analysis confirmed the main sources of heavy metals. Population density mainly affected Cu (0.539), soil mainly affected Ni (0.411), Sb (0.493), Zn (0.472) and Mn (0.206), and water quality mainly affected As(0.453) and Mo (0.374). Air quality mainly affects Cd (0.332) and Cr (0.371), traffic activity mainly affects Hg (0.312), and slope mainly affects Pb (0.313). Hot spot analysis showed that heavy metals had a high degree of coincidence with environmental factors such as soil parent material, slope, soil type and traffic activities. The results of this study can be effectively used to make scientific decisions and strategies, and an effective strategy for prevention and control of soil heavy metal pollution should be formulated to protect the urban soil environmental quality.
Level of usage of income smoothing as a creative accounting tool by Balkan banks
Authors: Statovci Bedri , Berisha Vlora , Tahirukaj Jetmira
Published: August 2021

The main objective of this study is to find out if Balkan banks use income smoothing (IS) as a creative accounting practice. The IS level is analyzed to see whether banks are focused on these practices as a tool to produce a better picture of financial views in the sight of decision makers. The data are provided from the audited financial reports presented on the banks’ web pages. Eckel’s modified equation was used to find out if banks use the technique of IS. As a result, the findings showed that banks use IS, and the factors that influence the use of this practice are analyzed. The factors studied are: age of banks, profitability, and loan provision. Of a total of seven banks in Kosovo, only three use income smoothing. In Albania, of a total of 11 banks, only one uses income smoothing. Surprisingly, the results show that none of the variables measured affect the usage of income smoothing. The study contributes to understanding the practice of IS on the one hand, and on the other hand, to opening the eyes of investors and depositors promoting vigilance when they make decisions about investing their funds in banks.
ROLE OF ADDITIONAL ACTIVITIES AND COMPETITION IN THE TEACHING OF MATHEMATICS
Authors:   Faculty of Education, University of Travnik, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Omerović Maid , Rešić Sead ,   Department of mathematics, Faculty of Science, University of Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Palića Ahmed ,   Faculty of Education, University of Travnik, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bazdalić Tarik ,   Faculty of Education, University of Travnik, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Published: August 2021

The development of science is essential when it comes to the development of society, while the mathematics necessary for the development of science. The fact that the children are all clearer, more capable and versatile, and their mathematical knowledge smaller and worse, motivated me to this research.How would our society be better you need to choose talented and creative young people who will represent the same company. One way of selecting children, and choosing the best are just competitions. In this work, attention will be focused on additional classes and competitions of teaching mathematics, as well as their importance in the education and development of children in schools.When it comes to gifted students, one of the main events where they can demonstrate their knowledge and skills are the competition.The overall objective of this research is to determine the extent to which the additional classes represented in schools and how many students go to additional classes and competitions in mathematics.The study included 103 primary school students in the municipality of Ilijaš. The results obtained in this study mostly on the representation of additional teaching of mathematics in schools or with, a small number of students. Because the necessary mathematical talent, the will and desire to learn mathematics. Viewed from the perspective that the disciples mathematics not so favorite subject, these are the expected results.
FMSLOGO AND SOLVING GEOMETRY PROBLEMS USING THE FMSLOGO SOFTWARE PACKAGE
Authors:   Department of mathematics, Faculty of Science, University of Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Rešić Sead , Šušnja Marina ,   Elementary school „Busovača“ in Busovača,Bosnia and Herzegovina, Palić Ahmed ,   Faculty of Education, University of Travnik,Bosnia and Herzegovina, Korda Edisa ,   Elementary school “Turbe “ in Travnik,Bosnia and Herzegovina
Published: August 2021

This paper presents stereometry (prism) using the software “FMSLogo”, as well as its application and implementation in mathematics teaching. The introductory section describes how to approach mathematical problems according to George Polya. The following describes the creation, installation and use of the “FMSLog” software. At the very end of the paper are the research settings and its results, which through the empirical model shows the current state of affairs and therefore provides recommendations for its improvement.
SENSORY INTEGRATION AND ACTIVITIES THAT PROMOTE SENSORY INTEGRATION IN CHILDREN WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS
Authors:   Faculty of Special Education and Rehabilitation, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Basic Aleksandra , Macesic Petrovic Dragana ,   Faculty of Special Education and Rehabilitation, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Pantovic Ljiljana ,   Institute for Philosophy and Social Theory, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Zdravkovic Parezanovic Ruzica ,   Logopedilište, Belgrade, Serbia, Gajic Anja ,   Faculty of Special Education and Rehabilitation, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Arsic Bojana ,   Faculty of Special Education and Rehabilitation, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Nikolic Jovana ,   Faculty of Special Education and Rehabilitation, University of Belgrade, Serbia
Published: August 2021

The aim of this review was to systematically identify, analyze, and summarize research involving interventions based on sensory integration and activities that promote sensory integration in children with ASD. Based on the selection criteria ten out of thirty studies were selected and described in terms of: a) participant characteristics, b) assessments used in the studies, c) intervention procedures, d) study goals, e) intervention outcomes and whether or not there was improvement in behavior or clinical conditions. The results of the analyzed studies indicate a remarkable heterogeneity profile of sensory function in children with ASD, which affect the applicability of different forms of treatment. Based on the results of these studies, we can conclude that treatments based on SI theory can reduce stereotypical, aggressive, auto-aggressive, irritable, and hyperactive behavior, as well as improve self-regulation of behavior.
ADDITIONAL EXTRACURRICULAR TEACHING OF MATHEMATICS
Authors: Palic Ahmed , Bazdalic Tarik
Published: August 2021

Mathematics as a school subject in primary and secondary school is a significant problem for quite a number of students. Additional classes that are organized and conducted within schools reduce this problem, but not significantly. In supplementary classes, the same is done with large groups, but not individually, and the same teachers teach in the same way that did not give satisfactory results, and similar. For that reason, many resort to the so-called “instructions”, in other words to the extracurricular supplementary lessons of mathematics. The aim of the research is to examine, determine, analyze and present the representation of extracurricular supplementary teaching in mathematics in secondary (high school) education depending on gender, grade, socio-economic status of the family and grade point average in the past school year
PERCEPTIONS OF STUDENTS WITH VISUAL IMPAIRMENT ON INCLUSIVE EDUCATION: A NARRATIVE META-ANALYSIS
Authors:   Faculty of Human Sciences, Division of Disability Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Japan, Miyauchi Hisae , V. Paul Peter ,   Department of Educational Studies, The Ohio State University, USA
Published: August 2021

This study focused on the perceptions of students with visual impairment. A narrative meta-analysis was utilized to synthesize the findings of investigations that employed quantitative, qualitative, or mixed methodological designs. Based on the contents of the reviewed articles, three broad categories were established: barriers, feelings of acceptance, and successful components of inclusion. Barriers included the physical environments of schools, accessibility, and social interactions. With respect to feelings of acceptance, the constructs of homophily and fitting in were discussed. Several components of successful inclusion were delineated such as a positive school climate and a positive, supportive attitude associated with teachers, especially those who possess knowledge and skills and held high expectations for students. Students with visual impairment also needed skills to be autonomous and assertive, which are conducive to academic success and the initiation and building of friendships with sighted peers. A number of findings of the present study corroborated those from previous investigations; however, the uniqueness of this seminal research pertains to the specific perceptions of students with visual impairment in inclusive settings. Limitations of the study were also discussed.
DEVELOPING THE MOTIVATION OF DEAF AND HARD OF HEARING STUDENTS TO LEARN AND ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT
Authors:   Center for Education and Rehabilitation of Deaf and Hard of Hearing Students, Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Mahmutović Esad H. , Povlakić Hadžiefendić Meliha ,   Center for Hearing and Speech Rehabilitation, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Published: August 2021

If a student’s goal is academic achievement and he/she makes an effort to achieve it, he/she will become involved in classroom activities because they are a means for him/her to achieve that goal. Motivation, as an influence that brings about, directs and sustains an activity, is very important for learning. The aim of this paper is to point out the relationship between motivation to learn and academic achievement of deaf and hard of hearing students and to emphasise the importance of appropriate involvement of parents and teachers in the teaching process and the development of motivation in these students. Variables that correlate with academic achievement are presented. Views of the author are stated, which are based on research results and practice, according to which it appears that deaf and hard of hearing students usually have poorer academic achievement than their hearing peers, as well as a lower level of motivation to learn. It can be concluded that the development of interest and motivation to learn is not paid sufficient attention by both deaf and hard of hearing students themselves and their environment (parents and teachers). Where parents and teachers have high expectations of students and take into account all their personal characteristics and other factors, and where parents and teachers are appropriately involved in the teaching process, deaf and hard of hearing students show high levels of interest and motivation to learn and attain better academic achievement.
From journalism to journalistic style: The “Northern Bee” of 1847
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Konkov Vladimir I.
Published: August 2021

The article is devoted to the history of the formation of journalistic style. The text of the media in its existence is always associated with the coordinates of social space-time, which determine the time and place of its publication. Publicist texts currently operate in the communicative environment of the media and the Internet. It is customary to talk about the communicative environment of modern media. In addition to journalistic speech in the communicative environment, the media also functions with other types of utilitarian speech: advertising, public relations, and government relations. Journalistic style in its modern sense arises when journalism and utilitarianism are distinctly combined in one text. This claim requires confirmation on the basis of linguistic materials of Russian newspapers and journals of the eighteenth-twentieth centuries. The article analyzes the publications of Thaddeus Bulgarin’s newspaper “Northern Bee” — one of the most influential newspapers of the midnineteenth century. The newspaper did much to ensure that society in the twentieth century received influential printed media speech as one of the most significant achievements in the speech practice of society. Bulgarin anticipated the appearance of publications based on the speech concept of colloquialism. In the publications of “Northern Bee”, the beginning of the transition from syntagmatic prose to actualized, which only a few decades later began to appear in fiction, is well visible.
Historical forms of the journalistic communication style in Slovakia
Authors:   Comenius University in Bratislava, Horvath Milos
Published: August 2021

The work is based on the presumption that the journalistic (publicistic or newly mass communication) style is an integral part of the communication universe of people in the 21st century, and its importance has increased in direct proportion with the rise of the influence of media. In the specific conditions of Slovakia, the evolution of journalism was closely related to the issue of language emancipation of the Slovaks and the strengthening of their national awareness. In later phases, it was considered partially a hybrid style of public communication that was created by a mixing of the official (also referred to as the administrative style and the negotiation style in the past) and the scientific style as well as the belles-lettres style with the aim to not only inform, but also educate, influence or persuade dispersive, heterogeneous addressees in regard to the most current events having a broader social meaning. In the current era that is influenced by the massive use of information and communications technologies, the stylistic characteristics of texts in media significantly changes prevalently towards colloquialisation which is closely related to the deprofessionalisation of the journalistic profession and the creation of citizen journalism.
The media space of the 19th century in the mirror of the Russian language: Lexico-phraseological aspect
Authors:   Institute for Linguistic Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kalinovskaya Valentina N.
Published: August 2021

The study of the history of Russian vocabulary during a particular period makes it possible to identify dynamically developing groups of vocabulary that are united according to some principle (lexical and semantic fields, word-formation nests and types). The differential principle of forming a word list for the “Dictionary of the Russian language of the XIX century” provides such an opportunity with regard to vocabulary and phraseology related to the thematic group “journalism”. The article analyzes lexical neologisms (zhurnalizm, zhurnal’nost’, gazetnost’) from the point of view of the verbalization of concepts related to the awareness of a new socio-philosophical reality in Russian social life in the 19th century. The semantic content of the word-terms is analyzed and chronological data regarding their appearance in the Russian language are corrected. The broad lexical compatibility is considered with regard to su ch lexemes as zhurnal’nyj (zhurnal’naja kritika; zhurnal’nyje stateyki, melochi; zhurnal’nyje vykhodki, shutki, pochesti, zakidat’ zhurnal’noj gryaz’ju; zhurnal’nyj Aristarkh, zhurnal’nyj pisaka; zhurnal’nyj syshchik, zhurnal’nyje psy, plutni; zhurnal’nyj frant, shut, etc.), gazetnyj (gazetnyj mir, mirok; gazetnoje obshchestvo; gazetnyj yazyk; gazetnyje borzopistsy, gazetnyj genij; gazetnyj vodovorot, gazetnyj tovar, etc.) in the texts of 19th century Russian authors; the emphasis is placed on the special role of adjectives as markers of elements of a new social mentality, conditioned by the formation of the “media space”. The article also analyzes the linguistic facts that indicate the formation of evaluative vocabulary in this group of words (zhurnal’chik, zhurnalishko, zhurnalets; gazetka, gazetishka, gazetenka, gazetchina), which serves as an indicator of the attitude of society, as well as its individual members represented by the authors of texts to the phenomenon of new literature. The results of the analysis carried out with respect to the linguistic material presented in the article made it possible to characterize the collected facts as objective evidence of the identification of the media space in the linguistic picture of the Russian person’s world; the projection of the facts obtained in the course of this study onto the previously studied linguistic material confirms the presence in this picture of a certain matrix that organizes our ideas about the structure of social relations. The results of the analysis, which showed the productivity of using historical-lexicological and lexicographic methods in the study of actual linguistic material, can be used by researchers in various fields of the humanities.
Globalization processes in the Serbian media language
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Spasich Jelena Lj.
Published: August 2021

The aim of this article is the analysis of the results of previous Serbian research on the impact of globalization on the Serbian media language. One of the main negative aspects of globalization is the weakening of national identity in order to adapt to world trends. The negative effects of globalization processes include the decline in the print media circulation and the growing popularity of cheap entertainment content offered by television, the disappearance of analytical, quality press, as well as the adaptation of information to mass distribution. The Serbian media language reflects the general social trend of approaching European and world trends, which, in addition to numerous positive effects, carries with it the risk of neglecting the elements of national cultural heritage, including the use of the national alphabet. Globalization processes affect all levels of the language structure and as a result, they are also manifested in the Serbian media language at the phonological, morphological, syntactic and orthographic level. The Serbian media language is characterized by the unjustified use of internationalisms originating from the English language. Anglicisms are often inadequately adapted, and most often appear in entertainment news and texts about popular culture, which are addressed to younger readers, as well as in electronic editions of printed dailies, weeklies and magazines in Serbia. The effects of cultural globalization, which is perhaps most visible in the media sphere, can be mitigated if the elements of national cultural heritage are carefully preserved. The use of Cyrillic in the Serbian media, the use of anglicisms only when they are really necessary, and a critical attitude towards the adoption of foreign language patterns can reduce the negative consequences of McDonaldization in the media sphere.
Theology in the Church and at the secular university: Features and problems
Authors:   Ss. Cyril and Methodius Theological Institute of Postgraduate and Doctoral Studies, Alfeyev Grigoriy V. , Kyrlezhev Alexander I. ,   Ss. Cyril and Methodius Theological Institute of Postgraduate and Doctoral Studies
Published: August 2021

In an interview with Metropolitan Hilarion (Alfeyev) of Volokolamsk, several topics are touched upon concerning the nature of Christian theology, the differences between the theology of the Church proper, which exists in theological schools and in the Orthodox theological community, and theology in universities, which is recognized in Russia as a field of the humanities and a group of specialties for which degrees are awarded. Theology as a field institutionally unites different confessional theologies — primarily the traditional religious confessions: Orthodoxy, Islam, and Judaism. Metropolitan Hilarion defends the idea that theology in this secular space should be confessional, and therefore it is necessary to approbate theological research by the relevant religious organizations. At the same time, Metropolitan Hilarion supports the principle of academic freedom, meaning freedom of theological research within the framework of religious traditions and referring readers to historical examples that are the subject of patrology. In the second part of the conversation, Metropolitan Hilarion describes his own path in theology — from the first patrological works to the latest large-scale project of New Testament theology, the fruit of which was a six-volume study dedicated to Jesus Christ as a historical character and as a Man revealing God. This conversation, on the one hand, outlines the position of the Church in relation to theology in its ecclesiastical and secular dimensions, and, on the other hand, reflects the personal history of an authoritative Orthodox theologian, who responds to the challenges of the time and offers a modern interpretation of the main theological topics, while remaining faithful to the unbroken church tradition.
A review of research literature on the topic of the priesthood in the works of st. Gregory the Theologian
Authors:   St. Tikhon’s Orthodox University for the Humanities, Antonov Nikolay K.
Published: August 2021

The article examines the tradition of research on the topic of the priesthood in the legacy of St. Gregory the Theologian from the 19th century to 2020. The review includes general monographs on both the formation of the episcopate in Late Antiquity and specifically the legacy of Nazianzen, dissertations, publications in periodicals, dictionaries and encyclopedias on this topic, as well as on a wide range of related topics, key publications and translations of the Apology on his Flight — St. Gregory’s central text on the priesthood — in English, Russian, German, French and Italian. The following periodization of historiography is proposed: the early period (19th — middle of 20th centuries), theological studies of the Apology in the 50s–70s, studies and publications by J.Bernardi, the “new wave” of the 1990s and its development in the 21st century. In the last period, three main trends are identified: the Theologian’s texts on the priesthood are considered in the context of: the development of the image of a monk-bishop in Late Antiquity; platonic political philosophy; Gregory’s main theological concepts. The importance of research on other aspects of Gregory’s work is shown especially the categories θεωρία/πρᾶξις and his autobiographical texts. Two lines of further research are proposed as the most promising: intertextual analysis of the Apology and integral analysis of the entire legacy of St. Gregory through the prism of the priesthood theme.
Metaphysics of a forgotten tradition I. Introduction of the concept of “intrinsic modus of thing” by John Duns Scotus: From the theological explication of “infinity” to the metaphysical problem of “contraction of being”
Authors: Ivanov Vitaly L.
Published: August 2021

The article is the first part of a study on the notion of the “intrinsic modus” of thing or reality in the metaphysics of the early Scotist tradition (first quarter of the 14th century). This part of the study analyses the circumstances of the first formulation of the notion of “modus intrinsecus” in the theological writings of John Duns Scotus and identifies two main (and one additional) contexts for Scotus’s explication of this concept, which will be important for the subsequent Scotistic tradition of meta[1]physics. The article then puts forward a hypothesis about a historical shift in the use of this concept based on an analysis of Scotus’s texts. Scotus initially introduces it solely for a theological explanation of the concept of “infinite being”, but later, in connection with his discussion of the reality of the concept of being, uses the concept of intrinsic mode as key to his own solution to the metaphysical problem of the “contraction” of the transcendental concept of being, which he thinks of as a particular “modification”. Finally, the article identifies the main structural elements in Scotus’s discussion of “intrinsic mode” and attempts to present the content of this concept by distinguishing between intrinsic mode and Scotus’s other related metaphysical concepts (quiddity, difference, property).