bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Biliary Sludge: A Risk Factor for ‘Idiopathic’ Pancreatitis?
Authors: Marotta Paul J , Gregor James C , Taves Donald H
Published: March 2016

Idiopathic acute pancreatitis is common. Recent evidence suggests that biliary sludge may be the etiology in many patients with this disorder. In this case‐control study, admission ultrasound examinations of patients with idiopathic pancreatitis, patients with acute alcohol‐associated pancreatitis and a control group were compared. Biliary sludge was found in seven of 21 patients (33%) with idiopathic pancreatitis, two of 25 (8%) with acute alcohol‐associated pancreatitis and one of 63 controls (1.6%). Comparison of idiopathic pancreatitis patients with both acute alcohol‐associated pancreatitis patients and controls for the presence of sludge revealed odds ratios of 31.0 (95% CI 3.5 to 273) and 5.8 (95% CI 1.1 to 32.0), respectively. Also observed was a trend towards higher levels of liver enzymes, bilirubin and amylase in patients with idiopathic pancreatitis who had sludge identified. This study provides further evidence linking biliary sludge with a significant proportion of patients with idiopathic acute pancreatitis.
Comparison of Omeprazole with Ranitidine for Treatment of Symptoms Associated with Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease and Uncomplicated Duodenal Ulcer
Authors: Archambault Andre P , Hunt Richard H , Cleator IGM , Sutherland Lloyd R , Thomson Alan Br , Williams C Noel , Taylor D Wayne , Drysdale Ann M
Published: March 2016

This randomized, single-blind, parallel group study was conducted to compare omeprazole with ranitidine for the treatment of symptoms associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), uncomplicated duodenal ulcer (DU) or both. After baseline assessments, patients were randomized to receive daily treatment with either 20 mg omeprazole or 300 mg ranitidine for four weeks. In total, 1481 patients (1001 omeprazole, 480 ranitidine) with a diagnosis of GERD (n=904) and/or DU (n=577), confirmed by endoscopy or barium meal and reporting moderate to severe symptoms, were included in the analyses. The seventy of overall daytime symptoms reported by the omeprazole group at clinic visits was lower than that reported by the ranitidine group at week 2 for the entire patient group (P=0.0002) and at both weeks 2 and 4 for the subgroup of patients with GERD (P=0.0001 and P=0.001, respectively). The severity of overall night-time symptoms reported by the omeprazole group was lower than that reported by the ranitidine group at week 4 for all patients as a whole (P=0.042) and at both weeks 2 and 4 for the subgroup of patients with GERD (P=0.035 and P=0.010, respectively). There were no significant differences in reports of adverse events. In the omeprazole group, 19% of patients at week 2 and 15% of patients at week 4 reported adverse events, while the corresponding results from the ranitidine group were 21% and 11%. In conclusion, patients with GERD, DU or both treated with omeprazole 20 mg daily for four weeks showed statistically significant reductions in symptoms compared with patients treated with ranitidine 300 mg daily for the same period of time. The percentage of patients with any remaining daytime symptoms was 12% lower in the omeprazole group compared with the ranitidine group at week 2, and 7% lower at week 4. Five per cent fewer patients in the omeprazole group experienced night-time symptoms at either week 2 or week 4.
NSAID Gastroenteropathy: Past, Present and Future
Authors: Wallace John L
Published: March 2016

The toxicity of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in the gastrointestinal tract continues to be a major limitation to their use in the treatment of inflammatory disorders. Better understanding of the pathogenesis of NSAID enteropathy has facilitated the development of novel NSAIDs that spare the gastrointestinal tract. In particular, identification and characterization of the inducible form of prostaglandin synthase has led to the design of novel NSAIDs that specifically target that enzyme. The pathogenesis of NSAID gastroenteropathy is reviewed, as are the strategies that have been used in the past and are used now to develop NSAIDs that spare the gastrointestinal tract. Also reviewed are the strategies being employed to achieve this goal in the future.
Generalized Fractional Integral Operators andM-Series
Authors: Khan A. M. , Kumbhat R. K. , Chouhan Amit , Alaria Anita
Published: March 2016

Two fractional integral operators associated with FoxH-function due to Saxena and Kumbhat are applied toM-series, which is an extension of both Mittag-Leffler function and generalized hypergeometric functionpFq. The Mellin and Whittaker transforms are obtained for these compositional operators withM-series. Further some interesting properties have been established including power function and Riemann-Liouville fractional integral operators. The results are expressed in terms ofH-function, which are in compact form suitable for numerical computation. Special cases of the results are also pointed out in the form of lemmas and corollaries.
Successful Treatment of Lower Limb Complex Regional Pain Syndrome following Three Weeks of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy
Authors: Katznelson Rita , Segal Shira C. , Clarke Hance
Published: March 2016

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) is a treatment that delivers 100% oxygen at increased atmospheric pressures. The efficacy of HBOT for treating pain has been described in various animal pain models and may have clinical efficacy in the treatment of human chronic pain syndromes. We present our experience with posttraumatic Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS) type 2 in a patient who underwent 15 sessions of HBOT. A 41-year-old male with one-year history of CRPS of left foot followed by left ankle fracture demonstrated less pain, decreased swelling, less allodynia, and improvement in skin color and range of motion of the lower limb after 3 weeks of HBOT. Patient was back to work for the first time in over a year. HBOT may be considered as a valuable therapeutic tool in the treatment of long-standing CRPS.
A Fault Feature Extraction Method for Rolling Bearing Based on Pulse Adaptive Time-Frequency Transform
Authors: Yao Jinbao , Tang Baoping , Zhao Jie
Published: March 2016

Shock pulse method is a widely used technique for condition monitoring of rolling bearing. However, it may cause erroneous diagnosis in the presence of strong background noise or other shock sources. Aiming at overcoming the shortcoming, a pulse adaptive time-frequency transform method is proposed to extract the fault features of the damaged rolling bearing. The method arranges the rolling bearing shock pulses extracted by shock pulse method in the order of time and takes the reciprocal of the time interval between the pulse at any moment and the other pulse as all instantaneous frequency components in the moment. And then it visually displays the changing rule of each instantaneous frequency after plane transformation of the instantaneous frequency components, realizes the time-frequency transform of shock pulse sequence through time-frequency domain amplitude relevancy processing, and highlights the fault feature frequencies by effective instantaneous frequency extraction, so as to extract the fault features of the damaged rolling bearing. The results of simulation and application show that the proposed method can suppress the noises well, highlight the fault feature frequencies, and avoid erroneous diagnosis, so it is an effective fault feature extraction method for the rolling bearing with high time-frequency resolution.
Association between Family Structure and Physical Activity of Chinese Adolescents
Authors: Wang Lijuan , Qi Jing
Published: March 2016

Background. This study examines the association between family structure and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) of adolescents in China.Methods. The participants included 612 adolescents (317 boys and 295 girls) from Shanghai with ages ranging from 10 to 16 years. Accelerometers were used to measure the duration of MVPA of adolescents, and questionnaires on family structure were completed by the parents of these adolescents.Results. Findings suggested that family structure significantly increased the likelihood of adolescents engaging in physical activity (PA) and explained 6% of MPVA variance. Adolescents living in single-parent households and step families were more physically active than those living in two-parent homes and with biological parents, respectively. However, adolescents residing with grandparents were less active than those living with neither grandparent. No significant difference was found in MVPA time between adolescents living with one sibling and those without siblings.Conclusion. Family environment may be considered in the development of PA interventions and policies, and adolescents living with their grandparents may be targeted in PA promotion.
NovelGLADeletion in a Cypriot Female Presenting with Cornea Verticillata
Authors: Georgiou Theodoros , Mavrikiou Gavriella , Alexandrou Angelos , Spanou-Aristidou Elena , Savva Isavella , Christodoulides Theodoros , Krasia Maria , Christophidou-Anastasiadou Violetta , Sismani Carolina , Drousiotou Anthi , Tanteles George A.
Published: March 2016

Fabry disease is an X-linked lysosomal storage disorder resulting from a deficiency of the hydrolytic enzymeα-galactosidase A (α-Gal-A). It is characterized by progressive lysosomal accumulation of globotriaosylceramide (Gb3) and multisystem pathology, affecting the skin, nervous and cerebrovascular systems, kidneys, and heart. Heterozygous females typically exhibit milder symptoms and a later age of onset than males. Rarely, they may be relatively asymptomatic throughout a normal life span or may have symptoms as severe as those observed in males with the classic phenotype. We report on a 17-year-old female in whom cornea verticillata was found during a routine ophthalmological examination but with no other clinical symptoms. Leucocyteα-galactosidase activity was within the overlap range between Fabry heterozygotes and normal controls. Sanger sequencing of theGLAgene failed to reveal any pathogenic variants. Multiplex Ligation-dependent Probe Amplification (MLPA) analysis revealed a deletion of exon 7. Using a long-range PCR walking approach, we managed to identify the deletion breakpoints. The deletion spans 1182 bp, with its 5′ end located within exon 6 of theGLAgene and its 3′ end located 612 bp downstream of exon 7. This finding represents a novel deletion identified in the first reported Cypriot female carrier of Fabry disease.
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors about Breast Self-Examination and Mammography among Female Primary Healthcare Workers in Diyarbakır, Turkey
Authors: Erdem Özgür , Toktaş İzzettin
Published: March 2016

Aim. This study aims to determine the knowledge level of the female primary healthcare workers about breast cancer and to reveal their attitude and behaviors about breast self-examination and mammography.Methods. This cross-sectional study was conducted on female primary healthcare workers who work in family health centres. 91% (n=369) of female primary healthcare workers agreed to participate in the study. The questionnaire consisted of three parts: sociodemographic characteristics, knowledge about breast self-examination, and actual practice of breast self-examination.Results. The mean (SD) age of the female primary healthcare workers was33.1±6.8(range, 20–54 years). The healthcare workers who practiced breast self-examination had significantly higher knowledge level (P=0.001) than those who had not. The respondents had high knowledge level of breast self-examination; however, the knowledge level of breast cancer and mammography screen was low.Conclusions. While the female primary healthcare workers in this study had adequate knowledge of breast self-examination, this is not reflected in their attitudes and practices. Emphasis should be laid on breast self-examination in undergraduate and postgraduate courses for primary healthcare workers, since they are mostly involved in patient education.
Global Exponential Stability of Almost Periodic Solution for Neutral-Type Cohen-Grossberg Shunting Inhibitory Cellular Neural Networks with Distributed Delays and Impulses
Authors: Xu Lijun , Jiang Qi , Gu Guodong
Published: March 2016

A kind of neutral-type Cohen-Grossberg shunting inhibitory cellular neural networks with distributed delays and impulses is considered. Firstly, by using the theory of impulsive differential equations and the contracting mapping principle, the existence and uniqueness of the almost periodic solution for the above system are obtained. Secondly, by constructing a suitable Lyapunov functional, the global exponential stability of the unique almost periodic solution is also investigated. The work in this paper improves and extends some results in recent years. As an application, an example and numerical simulations are presented to demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the main results.
Effect of Interval between Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy and Surgery on Oncological Outcome for Rectal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Wang Xiao-Jie , Zheng Zheng-Rong , Chi Pan , Lin Hui-Ming , Lu Xing-Rong , Huang Ying
Published: March 2016

Aim. To evaluate the influence of interval between neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NCRT) and surgery on oncological outcome.Methods. A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and Embase databases for publications reporting oncological outcomes of patients following rectal cancer surgery performed at different NCRT-surgery intervals. Relative risk (RR) of pathological complete response (pCR) among different intervals was pooled.Results. Fifteen retrospective cohort studies representing 4431 patients met the inclusion criteria. There was a significantly increased rate of pCR in patients treated with surgery followed 7 or 8 weeks later (RR, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.18–1.78; andP<0.01and RR, 1.49; 95% CI, 1.15–1.92; andP=0.002, resp.). There is no consistent evidence of improved local control or overall survival with longer or shorter intervals.Conclusion. Performing surgery 7-8 weeks after the end of NCRT results in the highest chance of achieving pCR. For candidates of abdominoperineal resection before NCRT, these data support implementation of prolonging the interval after NCRT to optimize the chances of pCR and perhaps add to the possibility of ultimate organ preservation.
The Laplacian-Energy-Like Invariants of Three Types of Lattices
Authors: Chu Zheng-Qing , Liu Jia-Bao , Li Xiao-Xin
Published: March 2016

This paper mainly studies the Laplacian-energy-like invariants of the modified hexagonal lattice, modified Union Jack lattice, and honeycomb lattice. By utilizing the tensor product of matrices and the diagonalization of block circulant matrices, we derive closed-form formulas expressing the Laplacian-energy-like invariants of these lattices. In addition, we obtain explicit asymptotic values of these invariants with software-aided computations of some integrals.
Performance of a Ferrofluid Based Rough Parallel Plate Slider Bearing: A Comparison of Three Magnetic Fluid Flow Models
Authors: Patel Jimit R. , Deheri G. M.
Published: March 2016

Efforts have been made to present a comparison of all the three magnetic fluid flow models (Neuringer-Rosensweig model, Shliomis model, and Jenkins model) so far as the performance of a magnetic fluid based parallel plate rough slider bearing is concerned. The stochastic model of Christensen and Tonder is adopted for the evaluation of effect of transverse surface roughness. The stochastically averaged Reynolds-type equation is solved with suitable boundary conditions to obtain the pressure distribution resulting in the calculation of load carrying capacity. The graphical results establish that for a bearing’s long life period the Shliomis model may be employed for higher loads. However, for lower to moderate loads, the Neuringer-Rosensweig model may be deployed.
Urinary 3-(3-Hydroxyphenyl)-3-hydroxypropionic Acid, 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic Acid, and 3-Hydroxyhippuric Acid Are Elevated in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders
Authors: Xiong Xiyue , Liu Dan , Wang Yichao , Zeng Ting , Peng Ying
Published: March 2016

Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are a group of mental illnesses highly correlated with gut microbiota. Recent studies have shown that some abnormal aromatic metabolites in autism patients are presumably derived from overgrownClostridiumspecies in gut, which may be used for diagnostic purposes. In this paper, a GC/MS based metabolomic approach was utilized to seek similar biomarkers by analyzing the urinary information in 62 ASDs patients compared with 62 non-ASDs controls in China, aged 1.5–7. Three compounds identified as 3-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-3-hydroxypropionic acid (HPHPA), 3-hydroxyphenylacetic acid (3HPA), and 3-hydroxyhippuric acid (3HHA) were found in higher concentrations in autistic children than in the controls (p<0.001). After oral vancomycin treatment, urinary excretion of HPHPA (p<0.001), 3HPA (p<0.005), and 3HHA (p<0.001) decreased markedly, which indicated that these compounds may also be from gutClostridiumspecies. The sensitivity and specificity of HPHPA, 3HPA, and 3HHA were evaluated by receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. The specificity of each compound for ASDs was very high (>96%). After two-regression analysis, the optimal area under the curve (AUC, 0.962), sensitivity (90.3%), and specificity (98.4%) were obtained by ROC curve of Prediction probability based on the three metabolites. These findings demonstrate that the measurements of the three compounds are strong predictors of ASDs and support the potential clinical utility for identifying a subgroup of ASDs subjects.
An Influence of Gas Explosions on Dynamic Responses of a Single Degree of Freedom Model
Authors: Kang Ki-Yeob , Choi Kwang-Ho , Choi Jae Woong , Ryu Yong Hee , Lee Jae-Myung
Published: March 2016

Explosion risk analysis (ERA) is widely used to derive the dimensioning of accidental loads for design purposes. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations contribute a key part of an ERA and predict possible blast consequences in a hazardous area. Explosion pressures can vary based on the model geometry, the explosion intensity, and explosion scenarios. Dynamic responses of structures under these explosion loads are dependent on a blast wave profile with respect to the magnitude of pressure, duration, and impulse in both positive and negative phases. Understanding the relationship between explosion load profiles and dynamic responses of the target area is important to mitigate the risk of explosion and perform structural design optimization. In the present study, the results of more than 3,000 CFD simulations were considered, and 1.6 million output files were analyzed using a visual basic for applications (VBA) tool developed to characterize representative loading shapes. Dynamic response of a structure was investigated in both time and frequency domains using the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) algorithm. In addition, the effects of the residual wave and loading velocity were studied in this paper.
Preclinical Evaluation of AMG 337, a Highly Selective Small Molecule MET Inhibitor, in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Du Zhiqiang , Caenepeel Sean , Shen Yuqing , Rex Karen , Zhang Yanni , He Ying , Tang En-Tzu , Wang Ouhong , Zhong Wenge , Zhou Hui , Huang Jacqueline , Huang Eric , Hu Liaoyuan , Coxon Angela , Zhang Mingqiang
Published: March 2016

Aberrant hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)/MET signaling has been implicated in hepatocarcinogenesis, suggesting that MET may serve as an attractive therapeutic target in hepatocellular carcinoma. We sought to investigate the in vitro and in vivo antitumor activity of AMG 337, a potent and highly selective small molecule MET kinase inhibitor, in preclinical models of hepatocellular carcinoma. The antiproliferative activity of AMG 337 was evaluated across a panel of hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines in a viability assay. Daily oral administration was used to evaluate the in vivo antitumor activity of AMG 337 in two patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models of hepatocellular carcinoma (LI0612 and LI1078). AMG 337 exerted potent antiproliferative activity against 2 of 40 hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines, namely, MHCC97H (IC50, 0.015 μmol/L) and HCCLM3 (IC50, 0.025 μmol/L). Both sensitive cell lines showed MET amplification (MET/CEN-7 >2.0) assessed by FISH, and high MET expression (3+ IHC) assessed by IHC. AMG 337 potently inhibited p-MET in all cell lines with detectable levels of total MET. However, the dose-dependent inhibition of downstream effectors of HGF/MET signaling, including p-GAB1, p-AKT, and p-ERK, was limited to those cell lines sensitive to AMG 337 in a viability assay (MHCC97H and HCCLM3). AMG 337 significantly inhibited tumor growth at all doses tested in the MET-amplified and MET-high–expressing hepatocellular carcinoma PDX model LI0612 and had no effect on tumor growth in the non-MET–amplified and MET-low–expressing hepatocellular carcinoma PDX model LI1078. AMG 337 represents a promising and novel therapeutic strategy for targeting hepatocellular carcinomas with a dependence on HGF/MET signaling. Mol Cancer Ther; 15(6); 1227–37. ©2016 AACR.
Practical Approximations to Seasonal Fluctuation–Dissipation Operators Given a Limited Sample
Authors: Fuchs David , Sherwood Steven
Published: March 2016

This paper studies operators inspired by the fluctuation–dissipation theorem that consider the seasonality (nonstationarity) of the climate system under conditions of limited sample size relevant to application of the method to observational records. The approach is used to predict the steady-state response of an atmospheric general circulation model to localized temperature perturbations.

A seasonal operator nominally requires a much larger data sample than a stationary operator; the authors study some strategies to overcome this. First, two methods for approximating the seasonality of the system are examined. Second, an alternative “transpose approach” to the standard dimension reduction is considered that is more efficient and accurate for small sample sizes and additionally enables the use of a kernel, which provides a convenient way to incorporate prior physical understanding into the operator.

All operators show considerable skill in predicting seasonal responses for a variety of variables (temperature, winds, rainfall, and cloud cover) and better skill in predicting the annual-mean ones. A comparison of these predictions to ones done on the same system with temporally fixed boundary conditions shows unexpectedly that skill is, if anything, improved by the presence of a seasonal cycle. The authors suggest that the extra complexity due to a seasonal system is outweighed by the added information due to the seasonal forcing and the effect of seasonality in smoothing out prediction errors.
Squatters and migrants in Madrid: Interactions, contexts and cycles
Authors: Martínez López Miguel Angel
Published: March 2016

Squatters and migrants use the city space in a peculiar and anomalous manner. Their contributions to the social and political production of urban space are not usually considered crucial. Furthermore, their mutual relationship is under-researched. In this paper I investigate the participation of migrants in the squatting of abandoned buildings. This may entail autonomous forms of occupation but also various kinds of interactions with native squatters. By looking historically at the city of Madrid I distinguish four major forms of interactions. I collect evidence in order to show that deprivation-based squatting is not necessarily the prevailing type. The forms of ‘empowerment’ and ‘engagement’ were increasingly developed while ‘autonomy’ and ‘solidarity’ were continuously present. These variations occurred because of specific drivers within the cycles of movements’ protests and other social and political contexts which facilitated the cooperation between squatters and migrants, although language barriers, discrimination in the housing market and police harassment constrained them too. Therefore, I argue first that two key social organisations triggered the interactions in different protest cycles. Second, I show how, in spite of the over-representation of Latin American migrants, the political squatting movement in Madrid has consistently incorporated groups of migrants and their struggles in accordance with anti-fascist, anti-racist and anti-xenophobic claims and practices. The analysis also provides a nuanced understanding about the ‘political’ implications of squatting when migrants are involved.
Management Strategies for Skull Base Inverted Papilloma
Authors: Grayson Jessica W. , Khichi Sunny S. , Cho Do‐Yeon , Riley Kristen O. , Woodworth Bradford A.
Published: March 2016

Objective

Inverted papilloma attached to the ventral skull base presents a surgical dilemma because surgical removal of the bony pedicle is critical to decrease risk of recurrence. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of endoscopic management of skull base inverted papilloma.

Study Design

Case series with planned data collection.

Setting

Tertiary medical center.

Subjects

Patients with skull base inverted papilloma.

Methods

Over 7 years, 49 patients with skull base inverted papilloma were referred for surgical resection. Demographics, operative technique, pathology, complications, recurrence, and postoperative follow‐up were evaluated.

Results

Average age at presentation was 57 years. Twenty‐six patients (53%) had prior attempts at resection elsewhere, and 5 had squamous cell carcinoma (SCCA) arising in an inverted papilloma. Six patients (12%) suffered major complications, including skull base osteomyelitis in 2 previously irradiated patients, cerebrospinal fluid leak with pneumocephalus (n = 1), meningitis (n = 1), invasive fungal sinusitis (n = 1), and cerebrovascular accident (n = 1). The mean disease‐free interval was 29 months (range, 10‐78 months). One patient with SCCA recurred in the nasopharynx (overall 2% recurrence rate). He is disease‐free 3 years following endoscopic nasopharyngectomy. Three patients with SCCA had endoscopic resection of the skull base, while 1 subject with inverted papilloma pedicled on the superior orbital roof had an osteoplastic flap in conjunction with a Draf III procedure. All others received endoscopic resection.

Conclusions

Removal of the bony pedicle resulted in excellent local control of skull base inverted papillomas. Our experience demonstrates that disease eradication with limited morbidity is attainable with this approach.
Prospective purification of perivascular presumptive mesenchymal stem cells from human adipose tissue: process optimization and cell population metrics across a large cohort of diverse demographics
Authors: West C. C. , Hardy W. R. , Murray I. R. , James A. W. , Corselli M. , Pang S. , Black C. , Lobo S. E. , Sukhija K. , Liang P. , Lagishetty V. , Hay D. C. , March K. L. , Ting K. , Soo C. , Péault B.
Published: March 2016

Background

Adipose tissue is an attractive source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) as it is largely dispensable and readily accessible through minimally invasive procedures such as liposuction. Until recently MSC could only be isolated in a process involvingex-vivoculture and theirin-vivoidentity, location and frequency remained elusive. We have documented that pericytes (CD45-, CD146+, and CD34-) and adventitial cells (CD45-, CD146-, CD34+) (collectively termed perivascular stem cells or PSC) represent native ancestors of the MSC, and can be prospectively purified using fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS). In this study we describe an optimized protocol that aims to deliver pure, viable and consistent yields of PSC from adipose tissue. We analysed the frequency of PSC within adipose tissue, and the effect of patient and procedure based variables on this yield.

Methods

Within this twin centre study we analysed the adipose tissue ofn = 131 donors using flow cytometry to determine the frequency of PSC and correlate this with demographic and processing data such as age, sex, BMI and cold storage time of the tissue.

Results

The mean number of stromal vascular fraction (SVF) cells from 100 ml of lipoaspirate was 34.4 million. Within the SVF, mean cell viability was 83 %, with 31.6 % of cells being haematopoietic (CD45+). Adventitial cells and pericytes represented 33.0 % and 8 % of SVF cells respectively. Therefore, a 200 ml lipoaspirate would theoretically yield 23.2 million viable prospectively purified PSC - sufficient for many reconstructive and regenerative applications. Minimal changes were observed in respect to age, sex and BMI suggesting universal potential application.

Conclusions

Adipose tissue contains two anatomically and phenotypically discreet populations of MSC precursors – adventitial cells and pericytes – together referred to as perivascular stem cells (PSC). More than 9 million PSC per 100 ml of lipoaspirate can be rapidly purified to homogeneity using flow cytometry in clinically relevant numbers potentially circumventing the need for purification and expansion by culture prior to clinical use. The number and viability of PSC are minimally affected by patient age, sex, BMI or the storage time of the tissue, but the quality and consistency of yield can be significantly influenced by procedure based variables.
Badiou among the Poets
Authors: Eyers Tom
Published: March 2016

The Anglophone reception of the French philosopher Alain Badiou has focused largely on his ontological and political commitments. Where Jacques Rancière is increasingly received as a philosopher of art above all else, Badiou's own critical commitments have received less attention. In this review essay of Badiou's recent collection, The Age of the Poets, I will scrutinize Badiou's readings of literature, and in particular his readings of Wallace Stevens, in order to pose a series of more general, interlinked questions. First, what are the strengths and limitations of recent Continental philosophical reflections on the literary, defined as they so frequently are by a small, high modernist European canon? Might Badiou provide resources for a critique of what has become known as “world literature,” with its assumptions about translation and the smooth transportability of literary meaning? How might the limits of current literary-critical historicisms be further brought to notice by a critical confrontation with Badiou's “inaesthetics”? Finally, how might the profound weaknesses of Badiou's own practices of reading open up alternative, materialist, and formalist frameworks to account both for the productivity of literary form at the level of the line and for the neutralization and appropriation of that productivity across circuits of commodification, translation, and journalistic-scholarly “appreciation”?
American Literature in the World: An Interview with Wai Chee Dimock
Authors: Williams Jeffrey J.
Published: March 2016

“American Literature in the World” is an interview with the literary critic Wai Chee Dimock, in which she discusses her efforts to extend the field of American literature, over time and to various continents, for instance seeing the use of the ancient epic Gilgamesh in contemporary fiction and TV. She also discusses her career, beginning as a New Historicist, and her current project constructing a print-and-web anthology of American Literature in the World.
Vulnerability of newly synthesized proteins to proteostasis stress
Authors: Xu Guilian , Pattamatta Amrutha , Hildago Ryan , Pace Michael C. , Brown Hilda , Borchelt David R.
Published: March 2016

The capacity of the cell to produce, fold and degrade proteins relies on components of the proteostasis network. Multiple types of insults can impose a burden on this network, causing protein misfolding. Using thermal stress, a classic example of acute proteostatic stress, we demonstrate that ∼5–10% of the soluble cytosolic and nuclear proteome in human HEK293 cells is vulnerable to misfolding when proteostatic function is overwhelmed. Inhibiting new protein synthesis for 30 min prior to heat-shock dramatically reduced the amount of heat-stress induced polyubiquitylation, and reduced the misfolding of proteins identified as vulnerable to thermal stress. Following prior studies in C. elegans in which mutant huntingtin (Q103) expression was shown to cause the secondary misfolding of cytosolic proteins, we also demonstrate that mutant huntingtin causes similar ‘secondary’ misfolding in human cells. Similar to thermal stress, inhibiting new protein synthesis reduced the impact of mutant huntingtin on proteostatic function. These findings suggest that newly made proteins are vulnerable to misfolding when proteostasis is disrupted by insults such as thermal stress and mutant protein aggregation.
Properties of Dupin Cyclide and Their Application. Part 4: Applications
Authors: Сальков  , Sal'kov Nikolay
Published: March 2016

In the first and second parts of the work there were

considered mainly properties of Dupin cyclide, and given some

examples of their application: three ways of solving the problem of

Apollonius using only compass and ruler, using the identified properties

of cyclide; it is determined that the focal surfaces of Dupin

cyclid are degenerated in the lines and represent curves of the

second order – herefrom Dupin cyclide can be defined by conic curve and a sphere whose center lies on the focal curve. Polyconic

compliance of these focal curves is identified. The formation of the

surface of the fourth order on the basis of defocusing curves of the

second order is shown.

In this issue of the journal the reader is invited to consider the

practical application of Dupin cyclide’s properties. The proposed

solution of Fermat’s classical task about the touch of the four

spheres by the fifth with a ruler and compass, i.e., in the classical

way. This task is the basis for the problem of dense packing. In the

following there is an application of Dupin cyclide as a transition

pipe element, providing smooth coupling of pipes of different diameters

in places of their connections. Then the author provides

the examples of Dupin cyclide’s application in the architecture as

a shell coating. It is shown how to produce membranes from the

same cyclide’s modules, from different modules of the same cyclide,

from the modules of different cyclides, from cyclides with the inclusion

of other surfaces, special cases of cyclides in the educational

process. The practical application of the last problem found the

place in descriptive geometry at the final geometrical education of

architects in the "Construction of surfaces". Here such special cased

of cyclides as conical and cylindrical surfaces of revolution.
The Analysis of Measurement Systems for the Construction of Geometrical Models of the Product
Authors: Браилов  , Brailov A.
Published: March 2016

In the present work, on the basis of the analysis of existing systems of measurement for geometrical modeling, their components are defined. The system of measurement for geometrical modeling consists of three mutually perpendicular planes H-П1, F-П2, P-П3 and connected with them right three-dimensional system of coordinates OXYZ. The major features of such system related to ways of formation of the two-dimensional complex drawing of a geometrical image on the basis of laws of projective connections are revealed. As the first feature of systems of measurement for geometrical modeling it is possible to allocate a way of orientation (binding) of the right three-dimensional system of co-ordinates OXYZ concerning the set planes of projections H-П1, F-П2, P-П3. The second feature of systems of measurement for geometrical modeling is the way of conditional division of space on a part (semi spaces, quadrants, and octants). The third feature of systems of measurement for geometrical modeling is the way of numbering of the allocated parts of space (semi spaces, quadrants, and octants). Interrelations of elements of different systems of measurement with different projections of a geometrical image are defined. The relative location of projections of a geometrical image into the constructed two-dimensional complex drawings for various systems of measurement is determined. For the American system of measurement in the two-dimensional complex drawing of a geometrical image the horizontal projection is located above a frontal projection, and the profile projection is located to the right of a frontal projection. For the European system of measurement in the two-dimensional complex drawing of a geometrical image the horizontal projection is located below a frontal projection, and the profile projection is located to the right of a frontal projection. The logic behind a particular arrangement of views in the projective drawing of a product in the analyzed systems of measurement is explained. For the realized way of construction of the complex drawing in the American system of measurement the horizontal projection is the bottom view, and the profile projection is the left-side view. For the realized way of construction of the complex drawing in the European system of measurement the horizontal projection is the top view, and the profile projection is the left-side view.
Formation of the Basic Level of Geometry and Graphics Competence of Students in E-Learning
Authors: Усанова  , Usanova Elena
Published: March 2016

Dynamic development of high-tech engineering on the

basis of CE/PLM methodology requires intensification of training of

engineering personnel and improvement of its quality. Informatization

of geometrical graphic training with use of graphic means of representation

of educational information (various forms of compression

information) and CAD systems allows teachers more productively to

communicate with students in e-learning. This requires a valid scientific

rationale for the possibility of effective formation of the geometric-

graphic competence in the format of blended learning in the

conditions of informatization of geometrical graphic training. In the

2014/2015 academic year at Kazan national research technical University

conducted a comparative experiment to assess the efficiency of formation

of the geometric-graphic competence in traditional and e-learning.

The effectiveness (quality, intensity, efficiency) of the basic geometric

and graphic training in the format of blended learning is confirmed

by the results of the experiment while ensuring comfortable

equally significant of training and informational interaction between

student, teacher and interactive electronic educational resources in

personal learning and problem-based teamwork using the method of

projects. By the organizing of learning activities in this format can be

set the task of training the target group (team) of developers technical

objects, which participants will form a group project mentality at the

stage of learning. Assessments of some criteria in component composition

of the qualities of a person for control the formation of geometric-

graphic competence of future graduates, such as: motivation,

quality thinking, etc., characterizing the integrity, using the techniques

of the subject adaptability to professional activity in a concurrent

engineering by specialists in the field of engineering psychology is not

yet sufficiently developed. It is not possible to fully automate the

monitoring of the formation of the geometric-graphic competence.
Use of a nominal group technique to evaluate a remote area simulation event for paramedicine students
Authors: Barr Nigel , Lane Matthew , Lord Bill
Published: March 2016

Background:

In 2015 a pilot remote area practice workshop was conducted for final year students in an entry to practice paramedic program attending the University of the Sunshine Coast. The pedagogy was based on social constructivism and experiential learning in which students were tasked to solve real world problems in a remote environment. A feed-forward teaching philosophy based on collaboration and scaffolding enabled students to construct their own knowledge of practice in this environment.

Methods:

We evaluated the experience from both participant and facilitator viewpoints using the Nominal Group Technique, which places emphasis on themes within the feedback obtained. Nominal group technique was utilised as a data collection method at the end of the two-day workshop to achieve consensus on positive aspects of the learning experience as well as to identify areas to be developed in future iterations.

Results:

The data indicated that the participants valued the challenging scenarios resembling real-world practices that also included a mock communications centre. This highlighted issues which may not have been discovered using other methods of feedback. We found the nominal group technique method to be an appropriate method to gain a consensus of opinions and differentiate critical feedback from the less critical feedback.
The challenges of caring for people with chronic oedema
Authors: Todd Marie
Published: March 2016

Chronic oedema is often just one part of the complex clinical needs of an older person. But with the right care, argues Marie Todd, nurses can greatly improve their quality of life
An evaluation of a novel alternating mattress and cushion technology
Authors: Chamanga Edwin , Butcher Ann
Published: March 2016

In this product focus, Edwin Chamanga reviews the use of support systems in the prevention of pressure ulcers; the article includes an evaluation of the APEX Domus and Dynamic Seat Cushion that was undertaken at a nursing home in North Somerset
Empowerment and its impact on delivering compassionate care
Authors: McConnell Elizabeth
Published: March 2016

Compassion represents a central component of providing successful care. Elizabeth McConnell offers advice to both managerial and non-managerial staff in relation to how to become empowered, moving away from previous hierarchical systems
HMRC are on the prowl – with new digital capabilities
Authors: Piper Jason
Published: March 2016

Death and taxes may be certain, but so is changing technology. Some of HM Revenue & Custom's (HMRC's) digital tax plans are alarming small businesses—and with good reason, warns Jason Piper
Istanbul als Bild
Authors: Marent Johannes
Published: March 2016

Bilder formen Vorstellungen von Städten. Sie rufen Assoziationen hervor und gestalten Diskurse. In einer die Stadtsoziologie mit der Visual Sociology verbindenden Perspektive rekonstruiert Johannes Marent die Symbolwelt Istanbuls anhand des Vergleichs verschiedener visueller Repräsentationsformen: Werbebilder für die Kulturhauptstadt Istanbul 2010, Fotos aus einer Fotobefragung sowie Künstlerfotos. Er diskutiert theoretische Begründungen für die Relevanz von Bildern für die symbolische Ordnung städtischer Wirklichkeit und stellt damit die Weichen für die empirische Erforschung visueller Stadtdarstellungen.
Ambiente familiar e qualidade da vinculação amorosa – papel mediador da individuação em jovens adultos
Authors: Correia Filipa , Pinheiro Mota Catarina
Published: March 2016

A vivência estabelecida no ambiente familiar constitui um fator relevante para o desenvolvimento do processo de individuação nos jovens adultos. A qualidade da vinculação amorosa traduz, à luz da perspetiva ecológica, a transição além do seio familiar, constituindo um marco no desenvolvimento afetivo dos jovens adultos. A presente investigação tem como objetivo analisar o papel do ambiente familiar na qualidade da vinculação amorosa, bem como testar o papel mediador do processo de individuação na associação anterior. A amostra é constituída por 432 jovens adultos, com idades compreendidas entre os 18 e os 30 anos. Para a recolha de dados recorreu-se à Family Environment Scale, o Individuation Test for Emerging Adults e o Questionário de Vinculação Amorosa. Os resultados apontam para uma predição positiva do ambiente familiar face à qualidade da vinculação amorosa. Verifica-se o papel mediador do processo de individuação à mãe na associação entre o ambiente familiar e a qualidade da vinculação amorosa, no entanto, o mesmo não acontece através do processo de individuação ao pai. Os resultados serão analisados à luz da teoria da vinculação e da perspetiva ecológica de Bronfenbrenner, no sentido de discutir a importância do ambiente familiar saudável no desenvolvimento adaptativo dos jovens adultos.
CellTrace™ Far Red & CellTracker™ Deep Red
Authors: Zhou Wenjun , Kang Hee Chol , O’Grad Mike , M. Chamber Kevin , Dubbel Brad , Melquis Penny , R. Gee Kyle
Published: March 2016

Long term monitoring of live cells in vitro or in vivo presents considerable challenges.  Fluorescent tracers are used as one of the most common methods.  However, fluorescent molecules usually are limited by cytotoxicity and/or lack of persistence within live cells over sufficient time periods. In this study, we evaluated our newly developed cell tracing/tracking reagents, CellTrac Far Red and CellTracker Deep Red, as novel red laser-excitable fluorescent dyes for flow cytometry and live cell imaging applications. These dyes cross the plasma membrane and covalently bind proteins inside cells, where the stable, well-retained fluorescent label offers a consistent, reliable fluorescent signal without affecting morphology or physiology and also exhibiting low cellular toxicity. CellTrace Far Red was demonstrated to be an excellent probe for cellular proliferation studies using flow cytometry, allowing measurement of up to eight generations of proliferating cells. CellTracker Deep Red was shown to be an excellent reagent for the study of cell movement, location and morphology by labeling and imaging live-cells with fluorescence microscopy. In addition, CellTracker Deep Red has excellent cell retention characteristics with bright fluorescence intensity even after 72 hours of cell staining, with signal retained after fixation, and can be multiplexed with other fluorescent dyes.
Upon the opportunity to apply ART2 Neural Network for clusterization of biodiesel fuels
Authors: Petkov T. , Mustafa Z. , Sotirov S. , Milina R. , Moskovkina M.
Published: March 2016

A chemometric approach using artificial neural network for clusterization of biodiesels was developed. It is based on artificial ART2 neural network. Gas chromatography (GC) and Gas Chromatography - mass spectrometry (GC-MS) were used for quantitative and qualitative analysis of biodiesels, produced from different feedstocks, and FAME (fatty acid methyl esters) profiles were determined. Totally 96 analytical results for 7 different classes of biofuel plants: sunflower, rapeseed, corn, soybean, palm, peanut, “unknown” were used as objects. The analysis of biodiesels showed the content of five major FAME (C16:0, C18:0, C18:1, C18:2, C18:3) and those components were used like inputs in the model. After training with 6 samples, for which the origin was known, ANN was verified and tested with ninety “unknown” samples. The present research demonstrated the successful application of neural network for recognition of biodiesels according to their feedstock which give information upon their properties and handling.