bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive analysis of metabolic genes related to apoptotic autophagy in premature ovarian failure with acupuncture intervention
Authors: Zhou Ziyang , Xia QIngchang , Cui Wenzhe , Yu Xiaohua , Yu Hui , Sun Yingchao , Li Ran , Cheng Yixin , Dong Jingwen , Cao Wen , Geng Runjie , Chen Jinshu , Zhao Ruoxi , Zhang Jing , Yuan Yonghao
Published: August 2022

OBJECTIVE: The apoptotic autophagy pathway in premature ovarian failure has received much attention in recent years. To explore the specific mechanism of the effect of acupuncture in the treatment of POF, the group will further investigate the role of genes related to the profiling system. METHODS: In this study, we first searched POF using the databases GEO, GAD, and DigSeE, and then explored the relevant gene functions by enrichment analysis. Also, the association with acupuncture intervention was verified by using the databases DAB and TTD. Next, protein interaction networks were mapped and analyzed using CytoScape 3.2.1 software, the databases STRING and DAVID, which were explored in depth by consensus clustering and regression analysis optimization. Finally, the prediction model was constructed and tested through bibliometrics, confirming that the study is reliable and in good agreement with the conclusions obtained by the current leading researchers. RESULTS: We collated apoptotic autophagy-related genes and found that the mechanism of action of acupuncture intervention in premature ovarian failure may be related to PI3K/Akt-mediated apoptosis and autophagic processes in granulosa cells. CONCLUSION: Analysis of the mechanism of action of acupuncture intervention in premature ovarian failure may be related to the cell proliferation and apoptosis pathway represented by PI3K/Akt, which alters the number of primordial follicles and affects ovarian reserve function through bioactive factor effects during follicular atresia.
The global crisis of mining in tropical rivers
Authors: Dethier Evan , Silman Miles , Leiva Jimena Díaz , Alqahtani Sarra , Fernandez Luis , Pauca Paúl , Çamalan Seda , Magilligan Francis , Renshaw Carl , Lutz David
Published: August 2022

Rapidly increasing mining in rivers across the global tropics has major, interrelated consequences for ecosystems and human health. River mining involves intensive excavation and sediment processing in river corridors, altering river form and releasing excess sediment to river waters. Contaminants such as mercury and cyanide are used in some operations and are also released to the environment. Although river mining has been investigated at local and regional scales, no global synthesis of its physical footprint and impacts on hydrologic systems exists, so its full environmental consequences are not known. We assemble and analyze a 37 yr satellite database showing that river mining is pervasive globally. We identify 381 mining districts in 49 countries, concentrated in tropical waterways that are almost universally degraded. Of 173 mining-affected rivers, 80% have suspended sediment concentrations double pre-mining levels. In countries where mining affects large (>50 m wide) rivers, 23 ± 19% of large river length is altered by mining-derived sediment, a globe-spanning effect representing 5–7% of all large tropical river reaches. Mining intensity has rapidly increased during 21st-century global financial insecurity and rising demand for precious minerals. The ubiquity and intensity of mining degradation in tropical river systems is a global crisis.
Identification of bioactive and anticancer properties of Bidens pilosa L. in-vitro evidence
Authors: Said Walid , Khattab Abeer A. , Aly Saadia H. , Khalil Hany , Abo-Elmaaty Sabah A.
Published: August 2022

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most widespread primary liver cancer, with a projected prevalence of more than 1 million cases by 2025. HCC severely affects the entire human population and continues to be a serious global challenge. There is an urgent need for novel therapies to treat and prevent this potentially fatal disease. Bidens pilosa and Trianthema portulacastrum are noteworthy weeds that include a series of bioactive flavonoid constituents, hence, they can be utilized as potential health supplements and readily available sources of natural antioxidants, as well as effective constituents in medicinal applications. The current study aims to examine the efficiency of B. pilosa and T. portulacastrum extracts against HCC using the HepG2 cell line. B. pilosa and T. portulacastrum fresh leaf extracts were prepared using dimethyl sulfoxide. The obtained extracts were evaluated for their cytotoxic activity and potential CC50 using the MTT assay in HepG2 cell lines and normal cells. The relative messenger RNA (mRNA) of RAF-1, MEK-1, LC3B, and Atg12 genes was quantified using quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction to detect the expression levels of autophagy-related genes in HepG2 cells in-vitro for HCC activity. Additionally, an ELISA assay was carried out for the quantification analysis of the released interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) and interleukin-1alpha (IL-1α). B. pilosa extract's cytotoxic activity confirmed its potential action on HepG2 cell lines upon treatment compared with normal cells. It was assessed for cytotoxicity using molecular studies against both RAF-1 and MEK-1 as proposed anticancer mechanisms and showed promising inhibitory activity against RAF-1 and MEK-1 gene expression. The ELISA assay revealed a substantial elevation of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1α and IL-1β upon treatment. This study found that B. pilosa extract had potential inhibitory activities against both RAF-1 and MEK-1 gene expression, and a significant reduction in the relative expression of both LC3B and Atg12 genes upon treatment, without any detectable cytotoxic effects. This extract caused highly significant suppression of the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK signaling pathway of tumor proliferation and induced an apoptotic signaling pathway. Hence, it could provide a lead structure for drug development strategies against hepatocellular carcinoma to be used in pharmaceutical preparations.
Ecological indexes of arthropods on Sapindus saponaria plants with dehydrated sewage sludge as fertilizer
Authors: Teixeira David Lopes , Leite Germano Leão Demolin , Sampaio Regynaldo Arruda , Tavares Wagner Souza , Filho Tarcísio Marcos Macedo Mota , Serrão José Eduardo , Zanetti Ronald , Camargo Roberto Silva , Zanuncio José Cola
Published: August 2022

Plant species, monitoring measures, and alternative fertilization with sewage sludge accelerate recovering of degraded areas. The objective of this study was to evaluate the numbers of leaves/branch and branches/plant of Sapindus saponaria L., the ground cover by this plant and the ecological indexes of abundance, diversity, and species richness of insects and spiders, and of their interactions, during 24 months on trees grown in a degraded area with or without dehydrated sewage sludge as fertilizer. The metrics of plant, soil cover, and arthropods were higher on the S. saponaria plants fertilized with dehydrated sewage sludge. The abundance of chewing insects, tending ants, and spiders was greater on larger S. saponaria tree crown. The abundance of these last groups of organisms associated, negatively, with that of Coleoptera, but those of ants reduced that of the predators. The ecological indexes of arthropods on S. saponaria plants shows the suitability of this plant for recovering programs of degraded areas and the use of dehydrated sewage sludge as fertilizer increased these indices and the possibility of using insects and spiders on the crown of this plant as bioindicators.
Hypomethylation of TL1A and its decoy receptor 3(DR3) expressive level increase have diagnostic value in HBV-associated cirrhosis
Authors: Wei Xue-Fei , Zhu Jin-Yu , Liu Hui-Hui , Su Xing , Li Ji-Hui , Fan Yu-Chen , Wang Kai
Published: August 2022

Background: For patients with cirrhosis, early diagnosis is the key to delay the development of liver fibrosis and improve prognosis. TNFSF15, a gene encoding TNF-like ligand 1A (TL1A) as a susceptibility gene for hepatic fibrosis. Aim: This study aimed to investigate the clinical significance of TL1A and DR3 in the development of cirrhosis and fibrosis. Methods: All total of 200 patients, including 107 with HBV-associated LC patients, 63 CHB and 30 healthy controls. Then we were analysed the expression of TL1A, DcR3 and other inflammatory cytokines associated with liver fibrosis by using quantify DNA methylation, qPCR and Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in serum and PBMCs.Results: PBMCs TL1A methylation level was significantly lower in patients with HBV-associated LC than the other groups while mRNA level of TL1A was significantly higher in LC group. In addition, serum TL1A and DcR3 expression level was increased in the LC patients. Conclusions: Hypomethylation of the TL1A promoter is present in HBV-associated LC, and TL1A and DR3 are highly expressed in HBV-associated cirrhosis. These results indicate that TL1A and DR3 may play an important role in the pathogenesis of LC and TL1A methylation levels may serve as a noninvasive biomarker for early diagnosis and progression of LC.
Genome-wide Analysis of the Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) HSP70 Gene Family: Identification, Genomic Organization and Expression Profiles in Response to Drought Stress
Authors: Büyük İlker , OKAY Aybüke , İLHAN Emre , AYTAÇ Selim
Published: August 2022

As a class of heat shock proteins (HSP), HSP70 proteins are critical for cell growth and survival in many living organisms. They are essential protein regulators that tend to maintain cell stability through their chaperone functions. The mechanisms that HSP70 proteins develop by interacting with other proteins enable plants to develop an adaptive defense mechanism by participating in abiotic stress responses. HSP70 proteins in the rapidly developing hemp (C. sativa L.) plant in the agricultural and industrial market were studied in this study, and 16 members were identified. The phylogeny, chromosomal location, protein motifs, gene structures, orthologous relationships, 3D protein models, promoter regions, miRNA structures, gene ontology analyses and potential roles of the CsHSP70 proteins were investigated. Furthermore, RT-qPCR analyses were conducted using a publicly available RNAseq data from the hemp plant, whose biochemical reactions were examined under drought stress, and it was found that it played essential regulatory functions.
Sucrosomial® iron effectiveness in recovering from mild and moderate iron-deficiency anemia in the postpartum period
Authors: Antoine Edu , Mehedintu Claudia , Mitran Mihai , Diculescu Doru
Published: August 2022

Background: Postpartum iron deficiency anemia (PPIDA) is highly prevalent in developing countries where it constitutes an important cause of maternal morbidity and mortality. Potential determinants of PPIDA are prepartum iron deficiency or iron deficiency anemia in association with severe blood loss during delivery. We investigated the efficacy of oral Sucrosomial® iron for recover from mild-to-moderate PPIDA. Methods: This prospective study was conducted in three medical centers in Romania. Adult women (≥18y) with mild (hemoglobin [Hb] 9-11 g/dL) or moderate (Hb 7-9 g/dL) PPIDA diagnosed at screening (2-24 hours after delivery) were eligible. Women with mild PPIDA received oral Sucrosomial® iron (Pharmanutra, S.p.A, Italy) once daily (30 mg elemental iron per capsule) for 60 days. Those with moderate PPIDA received oral Sucrosomial® iron twice daily (60 mg elemental iron) for 10 days, followed by a 50-day course of oral Sucrosomial® iron once daily (30 mg elemental iron). Laboratory parameters, as well as subjective clinical symptoms using a 3-point Likert Scale, were assessed at baseline and on study days 10, 30 and 60. Results: Sixty anemic women entered the study, but three were missed during follow-up. At day 60, a Hb rise was observed in both groups (+3.6±1.5 g/dL; p<0.01), 81% experienced correction of anemia (Hb ≥12 g/dL), 36% achieved a ferritin concentration ≥30 ng/mL (p<0.05), and 54% a transferrin saturation (TSAT) ≥20% (p<0.01). For women still anemic at day 60, mean Hb was close to normality (11.3±0.8 g/dL). Resolution of IDA-associated clinical symptoms was already observed just 10 days after treatment initiation. No patient discontinued treatment due to gastrointestinal adverse events. Conclusions: Sucrosomial® iron was shown to be effective and well tolerated at treating mild and moderate PPIDA. These results encourage the use of oral Sucrosomial® iron as a treatment option for PPIDA, but larger studies with longer follow-up are warrant.
Head mounted projector for manual precision tasks: performance assessment
Authors: Mamone Virginia , Ferrari Vincenzo , D'Amato Renzo , Condino Sara , Cattari Nadia , Ferrari Mauro , Cutolo Fabrizio
Published: August 2022

The growing interest in augmented reality applications has led to an in-depth look at the performance of head-mounted displays and their testing in numerous domains. Other devices for augmenting the real world with virtual information are presented less frequently and usually focus on the description of the device rather than on its performance analysis. This is the case of projected augmented reality, which, compared to head-worn AR displays, offers the advantages of being simultaneously accessible by multiple users whilst preserving user awareness of the environment and feeling of immersion. This work provides a general evaluation of a head-mounted projector for precision manual tasks and a detailed description of the experimental protocol applied for investigating spatial and temporal registration and their combination in a user test. The results show that the accuracy and latency of the device make it suitable for guiding precision tasks.
A novel method for detection and classification of multiple disesases using trasfer learning
based deep learning techniques with improved performance
Authors: Natarajan Krishnamoorthy , Loganathan Ashok Kumar , Lamba Ravita , Muthusamy Suresh , Thangaraj Kokilavani , Kottapalli Rajyalakshmi , Shanmugam Sanjay Nithish Kokila , Murugesan Sarveshwaran , Shanmugam Sarathkumar
Published: August 2022

A disease is a distinct abnormal state that significantly affects the functioning of all or part of an individual and is not caused by external harm. Diseases are frequently understood to be medical conditions that are connected with distinct indications and symptoms. According to a fairly wide categorization, diseases can also be categorised as follows –mental disorders, deficient diseases, genetic diseases, degenerative diseases, self-inflicted diseases, infectious diseases, non- infectious diseases, social diseases, physical diseases. Prevention of the diseases are of multiple instances. Primary prevention seeks to prevent illness or harm before it ever happens. Secondary prevention tries to lessen the effect of an illness or damage that has already happened. This is done through diagnosing and treating illness or injury as soon as feasible to stop or delay its course, supporting personal ways to avoid recurrence or reinjury, and implementing programmes to restore individuals to their previous health and function to prevent long-term difficulties. Tertiary prevention tries to lessen the impact of a continuing sickness or injury that has enduring repercussions. Diagnosis of the disease at the earlier stage is important for the treatment of the disease. Hence here in this study deep learnming algorithms such as VGG16, EfficientNetB4, ResNet, etc.., are utilized to diagnose various diseases such as Alzheimer, Brain tumors, Skin diseases, lung diseases, etc..,.Chest X-Rays, MRI scans, CT scans, skin lesions are used for the diagnosis of the mentioned diseases. Transfer learning algorithms VGG16, VGG19, ResNet, InceptionV3 and EfficientNetB4 are utilised to categorise various diseases. EfficientNetB4 with the learning rate annealing having obtained an accuracy of 94.04% on the test dataset. As a consequence, we observed that every network has unique particular skills on the Multi Disease dataset which includes the chest x-rays, MRI scans, etc.
Deep-learning-based automatic detection of pulmonary nodules from chest radiographs
Authors: Ajmera Pranav , Pant Richa , Seth Jitesh , Ghuwalewala Suraj , Kathuria Sahil , Rathi Snehal , Patil Sonali , Edara Manaswini , Saini Mukul , Raj Preeti , Duddalwar Vinay , Kulkarni VM , Patil Parag , Kulkarni Viraj , Kharat Amit
Published: August 2022

Background
Most early lung cancers appear as pulmonary nodules on medical imaging, however, radiologists frequently overlook these on chest radiographs. We assessed if a deep learning-based artificial intelligence model can help detect pulmonary nodules on chest radiographs and compared its performance with board-certified human readers.
Methods
For this retrospective study, 308 chest radiographs were obtained between January 2019 to December 2021 from a tertiary care hospital. All radiographs were analyzed using a deep learning AI model called DxNodule AI Screen. Two expert board-certified radiologists established the ground truth, and 11 test readers independently reviewed all radiographs in two sessions (unaided and AI-aided mode) with a washout period of one month.
Results
The standalone model had an AUROC of 0.905 [0.87, 0.94] in detecting pulmonary nodules. The mean AUROC across the 11 readers improved from 0.798 [0.74, 0.86] for unaided interpretation to 0.846 [0.82, 0.880] for AI-aided interpretation. With DxNodule AI Screen, readers were able to identify nodules at the correct locations, which they otherwise missed. The mean specificity, accuracy, PPV, and NPV of the readers improved significantly from 0.87 [0.78, 0.96], 0.78 [0.72, 0.84], 0.77 [0.65, 0.88], and 0.86 [0.81, 0.90] in the unaided session to 0.89 [0.82, 0.96], 0.83 [0.80, 0.85], 0.82 [0.73, 0.9], and 0.89 [0.86, 0.92], respectively in the aided session.
Conclusion
DxNodule AI Screen outperformed human readers in nodule detection performance on chest radiographs, and enhanced human readers’ performances when used as an aid.
Environmental compatibility assessment of sewage treatment plants in Himachal Pradesh
Authors: Sharma Apurva , Bhardwaj Satish Kumar , Aggarwal Rajeev , Sharma Ravinder , Agarwal Ghanshyam
Published: August 2022

Sewage treatment plants (STPs), since their introduction in the 19th century have been considered as a boon for helping manage the domestic waste which can cause a menace if left unattended. STPs have evolved towards efficiency in their functioning with time. But, with the increasing demand of these basic service delivery assets, some of their ill effects have started hovering over the environment. The increase in the incoming sewage as compared to the limited capacity of the plant, inadequate functioning of the plants, unskilled manpower, etc. are some of the reasons causing impacts on the environment. Keeping this in mind, the present study was conducted with the objective to study the impacts of STPs on the environmental quality of the state. Quality of soil and water near these plants was evaluated. In soils, pH, electrical conductivity, organic matter and toxic elements (Arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, nickel, lead and zinc) were estimated which ranged from 5.33–6.12, 0.373–0.617 dS m− 1, 0.51–1.33%, 6.49–12.16 mg kg− 1, 1.15–3.05 mg kg− 1, 71.04–87.60 mg kg− 1, 103.5–287.5 mg kg− 1, 14.76–38.68 mg kg− 1, 47.55–94.90 mg kg− 1 and 168.3- 316.6 mg kg− 1, respectively. In water parameters including pH, electrical conductivity, biochemical oxygen demand and heavy metals (cadmium, chromium, copper, iron and zinc) were studied which ranged from 7.25–7.75, 0.26–0.36 dS m− 1, 4.56–6.33 mg l− 1, 0.001–0.005 mg l− 1, 0.025–0.040 mg l− 1, 0.97–2.22 mg l− 1, 0.19–0.32 mg l− 1 and 2.63–4.42 mg l− 1, respectively. Parameters including organic matter, cadmium, copper and zinc in soil and biochemical oxygen demand, chromium, copper and iron in water were above their permissible limits. This indicated that STPs have started to degrade the environmental quality by adding toxic metals to their surroundings creating a need to keep a check on these plants.
Numerical simulations of stochastic biochemical oxygen demand equations via RBF method
Authors: Shekarabi F. Hosseini
Published: August 2022

In this paper, it is proposed a new approach to numerical simulations of stochastic biochemical oxygen demand equations. The analysis of biochemical oxygen demand is necessary in evaluating the effects of water pollution. Here, we consider radial basis functions. This approximation process can also be interpreted as a simple kind of neural network. Illustrative example is included to demonstrate the validity and applicability of the approach. The numerical experiments show that method perform well.AMS subject classifications: Primary: 65C30, 60H35, 65C20, Secondary: 60H20, 92E99.
Cancer cells transfer invasive properties through tracks, a novel collagen-associated extracellular vesicle entity
Authors: Normand Lea , Rouyer Lucile , Di-Tommaso Sylvaine , Dourthe Cyril , Anne-Aurélie Raymond , Dupuy Jean-Wiliam , Allain Nathalie , Dugot-Senant Nathalie , Bouter Anthony , Favereaux Alexandre , Moreau Violaine , Ros Manon , Saltel Frederic
Published: August 2022

Metastasis is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths. During this process, tumor cells acquire invasive and migratory capacities in order to invade the surrounding tissues. To achieve this, the tumor microenvironment including the extracellular matrix (ECM) is altered to facilitate cancer cell proliferation and dissemination. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), such as exosomes or migrasomes, are already known to induce pro-tumor features such as migration, promoting tumor development and metastasis formation. Here we highlight a new type of EVs, referred as tracks, released by cancer cells during migration and specifically attached along collagen fibers. These tracks, identified by discoidin receptor 1 (DDR1) enrichment, are promoted when cell-ECM interactions are increased, such as in tumors. We characterized these tracks, their ultrastructure as well as their molecular composition in terms of proteins and nucleic acids, showing that they are different from classical EVs known so far. Moreover, these tracks are very stable structures and can be internalized by surrounding cells. After internalization, they modify the differentiation status and the phenotype of recipient cells, promoting epithelial to mesenchymal transition, matrix degradation and invasion.
Thus, we identified a new class of collagen-associated EVs, tracks, that play a role in cell-cell communication by transferring invasive properties. Consequently, these cancer-related tracks could be a new player in the tumor invasion process.
Protection of Gypenoside XVII against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury across the SIRT1-FOXO3A and Hif1a-BNIP3-mediated mitochondrial autophagy
Authors: Xie jie Wei , Zhu Ting , Zhang xia Shu , Sun bo Xiao
Published: August 2022

Background Mitochondrial autophagy maintains mitochondrial function and cellular homeostasis, and plays a critical role in the pathological process of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (CIRI). Whether Gypenoside XVII (GP17) has regulatory effects on mitochondrial autophagy against CIRI remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the pharmacodynamic effect and mechanism of GP17 on mitochondrial autophagy after CIRI. Methods A rat model exposed to middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) was used to assess the effects of GP17 against CIRI and to explore the underlying mechanisms. The oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) cell model was used to verify the effects of ameliorating mitochondria damages and to probe the autophagy pathways of combating neural injuries. Results The in vivo results shows that GP17 significantly improves mitochondrial metabolic functions and suppresses cerebral ischemia injuries, which might be involved in the autophagy pathway. The further researches reveal that GP17 maintains the moderate activation of autophagy under the ischemia and OGD conditions, producing neuroprotective effects again CIRI, and the regulation of mitochondrial autophagy is associated with a crosstalk between SIRT1-FOXO3A and Hif1a-BNIP3 signaling pathways, which are partially eliminated by special inhibitors AGK-7 and 2-ME. Conclusions Overall, this work offers new insights for exploring mechanisms by which GP17 protects against CIRI, and highlights the potential that therapy with Notoginseng leaf triterpenes as a novel clinical drug in humans.
Evaluation of Orthopedics and Traumatology Education among Clerkship Students at International University of Africa
Authors: Elbahri Hassan , Ahmed Hassan Mohamed , Salah Elmuntasir
Published: August 2022

Background
Musculoskeletal diseases are significant cause of morbidity and disability worldwide. Knowledge regarding these conditions is essential to the medical practice. The purpose of this study is to assess the adequacy of undergraduate orthopaedic knowledge among IUA students.
Methods
This is a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted among final year medical students at the faculty of Medicine of the International University of Africa who finished orthopedic teaching. The validated basic cognitive examination designed by Freedman and Bernstein, consisting of 25 short answer questions was used in this study. Overall scores and responses to the individual questions were analyzed. The recommended passing score of 73.1 per cent as suggested by Freedman and Bernstein was considered.
Result
Ninety–eight students took the examination. The students' scores in the cognitive part ranged from 6 to 25. The average cognitive score was 56.9%, with a range of 24–100%. Only six (6.12%) of participants obtained the passing score of ≥ 73.1%. Only one student obtains the full mark in the cognitive part (25 points out of 25 points). Thirty-two students (32.7%) considered orthopedic cases the most challenging to perform a physical examination and diagnosis. Most students (64.3%) rank bedside teaching rounds with the consultant as the most elements of learning environments have an impact on their orthopedic education. Forty (40.8%) of students thought the time allotted to orthopedics in the medical curriculum was inadequate. Fifty (51%) of students mention that they may consider orthopedic as a future career.
Conclusion
The majority of the IUA students were not achieved the pass mark set by Freedman and Bernstein validated basic musculoskeletal examination. Curriculum and teaching methods is inadequate and should be re-evaluated to address this problem.. Graduate medical education should provide a strong foundation for diagnosing and treating musculoskeletal disorders.
Endoplasmic reticulum protein 29 inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal-transformation in placental trophoblast cells and promotes the development of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy in pregnant rats
Authors: Wang Gaoying , Dong Ruirui , Wang Ke , Ye Ningzhen , Wang Jing , Zhao Shaojie , Cheng Jing , Wang Tiejun , Shi Xinrui , Yao Tingting , Zhang Ting , Luo Liang , Gong Fang
Published: August 2022

Background
Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) is a common pregnancy specific liver disease, which has little impact on the mother and mainly causes adverse fetal outcomes. Endoplasmic reticulum protein 29 (ERp29) plays a key role in protein folding, transport and secretion, and participates in biological events such as apoptosis, oxidative stress, lipid metabolism, immune regulation and so on. Epithelial mesenchymal transformation (EMT) is the process of epithelial cells losing polarity and adhesion, and transforming into mesenchymal like phenotype through migration.
Methods
Subcutaneous injection of ethinyl estradiol (E2) was used to induce ICP in pregnant rats, and serum TBA, ALT and AST were detected to test whether the animal model was successfully constructed. ERp29 and EMT related molecules were detected by immunohistochemistry and western blotting. Taurocholic acid (TCA) was used to simulate the ICP environment, and TGF-β1 was added to induce the EMT process. CCK8 and TUNEL were used to detect the level of cell apoptosis. The scratch, migration, and invasion test were used to detect the EMT process of cells. ERp29 overexpression/knockdown vector were constructed and transfected to verify the role of ERp29 in the EMT process.
Results
The ICP animal model was successfully constructed. ERp29 in the placenta tissue of the ICP pregnant rats increased significantly, and the level of apoptosis increased. Compared with the normal, the placental tissues of the ICP group had high expression of E-cadherin and low expression of N-cadherin, snail1, vimentin. After HTR-8/Svneo cells were induced by TCA, EMT was inhibited, while the ERp29 increased. Knockdown of ERp29 reduced the inhibition of cell EMT. After the ERp29 knockdown vector was transfected into pregnant rats by adenovirus, the degree of inhibiting EMT in the placenta tissue of pregnant rats was inhibited, and the ICP progress was alleviated.
Conclusion
The high level of ERp29 in placental trophoblast cells inhibits the EMT process and aggravates the occurrence and development of ICP.
Current status and trends in Hallux valgus research from 2004 to 2021: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Wang Shulong , Yang Shanshan , Deng Pin , Sun Xiaojie , Han Jinglu , Chen Zhaojun
Published: August 2022

Background
Hallux valgus (HV) is a common foot and ankle surgery disease. The pathogenesis of HV may be closely related to the abnormal bone structure, soft tissue imbalance, shoe-wearing habits, heredity, and other factors. The surgical treatment of hallux valgus (HV) is the main way to relieve pain and improve functional outcomes. Research on hallux valgus (HV) is growing, but bibliometric literature is still lacking. In this study, bibliometric analysis was used to assess the study's focus, reported insights, and future directions in HV research.
Methods
Literature related to HV from 2004 to 2021 were retrieved from the Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-expanded) of Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC). VOSViewer and Rbibliometrix were used for bibliometric analysis, revealing the leading research countries, institutions, and authors, as well as the distribution of keywords.
Results
A total of 2002 records were identified for analysis. The United States had the most significant number of published articles and total citations. La Trobe University from Australia and Hospital for Special Surgery in the United States were not only the two institutions with the most publications, but also the highest collaborative network. Foot & Ankle International has the highest number of publications, the total citations, and the h-index. In addition, Menz HB, Coughlin MJ, and Hannan MT were the three most influential authors who might determine the focus and direction of the study. Keyword analysis identified three hot research clusters. "Percutaneous," "pronation," and "minimally invasive surgery" have received more attention in recent years.
Conclusion
Our research illustrated the current status and trends in the HV field from 2004 to 2021. The map of research on HV obtained by our analysis is expected to help researchers efficiently and effectively explore HV.
A novel sustainable platform for scaled manufacturing of double-stranded RNA biopesticides
Authors: Nwokeoji Alison Obinna , Nwokeoji Eleojo Ahuva , Chou Tachung , Abou Togola
Published: August 2022

RNA interference (RNAi) represents one of the most conserved pathways evolved by eukaryotic cells for regulating gene expression. RNAi utilises non-translatable double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) molecules to sequester or degrade mRNA molecules gene. In RNAi, specifically-designed exogenous dsRNA delivered to the cell can silence a target gene, a phenomenon that has been exploited in many functional studies and explored in biopesticide applications. The search for safe and sustainable crop pest management options drives the need to offset the effect of inorganic pesticides on biodiversity. The prospect of replacing inorganic pesticides with dsRNA crop spray is gaining popularity, enhanced by its high-target specificity and low-environmental impact. However, for dsRNA to reach the pesticide market, it must be produced cost-effectively and sustainably. In this paper, we develop a high-yield expression media that generates up to 15-fold dsRNA yield compared to existing expression media utilising 1mM IPTG. We also optimise a low-cost purification method that generates high-quality and purified dsRNA. The developed method circumvents the need for hazardous chemical reagents often found in commercial kits or commercial nucleases to eliminate contaminating DNA or single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) species. We also demonstrate that the production platform is scalable, generating 6.29 mg dsRNA from 259 mg wet E. coli cell pellet. The results also provide structural insights into the heterogeneous dsRNA species within the microbial-derived dsRNA pool. Finally, we also show that the purified 'naked' dsRNA, without prior formulation, can induce insect toxicity under field conditions. This study provides a novel, complete, low-cost process dsRNA platform with potential for application in industrial dsRNA production.
Branching variation of saphenous nerve and great saphenous vein
Authors: Yılmaz İlyas , Diner Gülnur , Vatansever Alper , Özdemir Senem Turan
Published: August 2022

Background: Saphenous nerve is the terminal branch of femoral nerve. After passing from femoral triangle to adductor canal, it pierces aponeurotic structure between gracilis and sartorius and becomes superficial at the medial of knee. It extends distally with great saphenous vein at the medial of leg and divides its terminal branches at the proximal end of medial malleolus. Great saphenous vein forms as a continuation of the medial marginal vein. It extends proximally on medial side of the leg and thigh and drains into the femoral vein within femoral triangle. Case Report: A different anatomical variant of the terminal branching pattern of the saphenous nerve and anatomical differences in the superficial veins which join great saphenous vein in 80-year-old male cadaver were reported in this case.Conclusion: Being aware about different terminal branching patterns of the saphenous nerve and differences of superficial veins which drain into the great saphenous vein could be useful for physicians during regional surgical approaches.
Intergration of Rotation Forest and MultiBoost Ensembles with Forest by Penalizing Attributes for Spatial Prediction of Landslide Susceptibility
Authors: Pham Binh Thai , Iqbal Mudassir , jamal Arshad , Dam Nguyen Duc , Phong Tran , Costache Romulus , Le Hiep , Thi Hanh Bich , Prakash Indra
Published: August 2022

Dien Bien province is considered one of the most prone to landslides areas of Vietnam. This study focused on developing landslide susceptibility maps (LSMs) for the study area using advanced machine learning prediction models, namely, Forest by penalizing attribute (FPA) and its optimized versions employing random forest (RF) and multibostAB (MAB) algorithms. For this purpose, distance to rivers, elevations, distance to roads, NDVI, faults, curvature, slope, flow accumulation, SPI, geological, TWI, and aspect were taken as input parameters. These attributes were used to calculate land susceptibility indices (LSIs) using the Frequency ratio (Fr) method, which was considered the target variable in this study. Landslide susceptibility was classified into five classes; very high, high, moderate, low and very low. The performance of the developed models was assessed using AUC curve, sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, PPA, and NPA. All the three models manifested reliable predictions with a good accuracy level, FPA-MAB being the most accurate one. The value of AUC for FPA-MAB was calculated as 0.985 and 0.814 for the training and testing data, respectively. The developed models were used to generate landslide susceptibility models that can accurately be sued for disaster risk management of the study area.
TRIM37 exacerbates hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury by facilitating IKK pathway through TRAF6 stimulation and IKKγ translocation
Authors: Yang Hang , Huang Zuotian , Luo Yunhai , Lei Dengliang , Yan Ping , Shen Ai , Liu Wenbin , Li Dewei , Wu Zhongjun
Published: August 2022

Hepatic ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is one of the major pathological processes among various liver surgery. However, there is still a lack of strategies against hepatic I/R injury because of the unrevealed inner mechanism. Here we report that tripartite motif containing 37 (TRIM37) aggravates hepatic I/R injury through reinforcement of IKK-induced inflammation following dual patterns. Mechanically, TRIM37 directly interacts with tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) thus igniting K63 ubiquitination, eventually leading to the phosphorylation of IKKβ. Meanwhile, TRIM37 enhances translocation of IKKγ, a regulatory subunit of IKK complex, from nucleus to cytoplasm thereby stabilizing cytoplasmic IKK complex and prolonging the duration of inflammation. Inhibition of IKK could rescue the function of TRIM37 both in vivo and in vitro. Collectively, the present study discloses the critical role of TRIM37 facilitating hepatic I/R injury by activating IKK axis. Targeting TRIM37 might be potential for treatment against hepatic I/R injury.
The incidence of xerostomia in healthy population with e-cigarettes or combustible tobacco: a meta-analysis
Authors: Hou Lili , guo xingtong , Li Lan
Published: August 2022

INTRODUCTIONThis study aims to evaluate the prevalence of xerostomia in healthy population with e-cigarettes or/and combustible tobacco.METHODSThe following electronic databases will be searched in this study: Web of Science, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chinese Scientific Journal Database (VIP), and Wan-Fang Database from inception to 31 March 2022, will be independently carried out by two researchers (XG and LL). The language will be limited to Chinese and English. The data will be analysed using Stata 15.0, and report the prevalence of dry mouth in different healthy smokers.RESULTSTen studies with a total sample size of 5161 cases were included in this study. The overall incidence of dry mouth was 0.27% [95% CI (0.17,0.37)] in the health smoking population and 0.31% [95% CI (0.21,0.42)] in the e-cigarette population. In the combustible tobacco population, the incidence of dry mouth was 0.34% [95% CI (0.1,0.58)].CONCLUSIONSCurrent evidence suggests that the prevalence of xerostomia is high in healthy smoking populations. These findings are restricted by the number and quality of included studies and need to be validated by additional high-quality studies.
Highfold Symmetrical Oscillatory Planar Hall Effect in Topological Kagome Metal
Authors: Shen Bing , Li Leyi , Yi Enkui , Wang Bin , Yu guoqiang , Yan Zhongbo , Wang Meng
Published: August 2022

Exploration of novel transport behavior for quantum materials is of great interest and importance for revealing exotic orders to bring new physics. In this work, we report the observation of novel prominent planar Hall effect (PHE) and anisotropic magnetoresistivity (PAMR) in strange kagomme metal KV3Sb5. The PHE and PAMR, which are driven by an in-plane magnetic field and display sharp difference from other Hall effects driven by an out-of-plane magnetic field or magnetization, exhibit exotic highfold symmetrical oscillations in sharp contrast to those following empirical rule only allowing twofold symmetrical oscillations. These highfold symmetrical oscillations exhibit strong field and temperature dependence and vanish around charge density wave (CDW) transition. The unique transport properties suggest a significant interplay of the lattice, magnetic and electronic structure in KV3Sb5. This interplay can couple the hidden anisotropy and transport electrons leading to the novel PHE and PAMR in contrast to other materials.
Does the use of a “wrap” in three-dimensional surgical planning influence the bony margin status of benign and malignant neoplasms of the oral, head and neck region? An initial investigation
Authors: Kholaki Omar , Saxe Brandon J. , Teigen Kari , Williams Fayette , Schlieve Thomas , Kim Roderick Y.
Published: August 2022

Purpose:
Three-dimensional surgical planning (3-DSP) is becoming common-place in the management of benign and malignant disease for oral and maxillofacial surgery practice within the last decade.1 Surgeons utilize a virtual “wrap” to preoperatively delineate and define maxillofacial tumor resection margins. The investigators hypothesized that the use of a wrap is a predictable method to obtain negative bony margins.
Methods:
The investigators implemented a retrospective chart review. The sample was composed of patients over the age of 18 treated at John Peter Smith Health Network and Parkland/UT Southwestern Medical Center who obtained 3-DSP for pathology of the head and neck, involving bone, with a virtual wrap utilized for bony margins. The proportion of cases was calculated, descriptive statistics reported, and binomial exact calculation was performed for confidence intervals. The primary variable analyzed was bony margin status on final histopathology, involved or uninvolved, based on the pathology report.
Results:
The sample was composed of 39 cases, one of which was excluded due to aborting the preplanned 3-DSP. Of the 38 included cases, one had involved bony margin on final histopathology (2.6%; 95% confidence limits: 0.1%, 13.8%). There were 16 malignant cases (42%) and 22 benign cases (58%). When stratified by pathology, 1 out of the 16 malignant cases (6.3% ; 95% confidence interval: 0.2%, 30%) and 0 out of the 22 benign cases (95% confidence interval: 0%, 15.4%) had an involved bony margin on final histopathology.
Conclusion:
The results of this preliminary study suggest three-dimensional surgical planning with wrap margins is a predictable method to obtain negative bony margins in benign and malignant disease of the maxillofacial complex. Further studies will focus on compiling prospective data to solidify the accuracy and predictability of using a wrap to obtain negative bony margins.
Ozone depletion in the Antarctic region triggers intense changes in sea salt geochemistry
Authors: Gonçalves Sérgio , Evangelista Heitor , Weis Johannes , Harder Tristan , China Swarup , Muller Simon , Marques Magdalena , Neto Newton de Magalhães , Passos Heber , Sampaio Marcelo , Simões Jefferson , Ximenes Bruno , Yamamoto Carlos , Laskin Alexander , Gilles Mary , Godoi Ricardo
Published: August 2022

The Antarctic environment has been used as a natural field laboratory to investigate the impacts of enhanced UV-B radiation over the polar terrestrial biota, marine life, and the cryosphere. UV-B increased levels occur due to the stratospheric ozone depletion detected since the early 80s’ decade. The real dimension of the ozone depletion threat to the Antarctic environments and the atmospheric chemistry remains uncertain. This work presents new pieces of evidence of this impact on individual aerosol particles sampled in West Antarctica, using a synchrotron-based multi-element microscopic/molecular speciation method. We used the Scanning Transmission X-ray microscopy with Near-Edge X-ray Absorption Fine Structure Spectroscopy combined with Computer-Controlled Scanning Electron Microscopy to identify the molecular changes in sea salt particles due to photolytic processes involving chlorine-enriched particles during the ozone depletion period since the 80´s decade. Combining our data with ice core records, we deduce that the modern effects of UV-B on the tropospheric chlorine geochemistry have no precedent for the Holocene.
Fall Detection among Elderly Person using FallCNN and Transfer Learning Models
Authors: Sarobin M. Vergin Raja , k Jishnuraj , Anbarasi L. Jani , Rukmani P , Jasmine S Graceline , Narendra Modigari
Published: August 2022

As per the data provided by the World Health Organization (WHO), falls are one of the major reasons for unintentional deaths or injuries in elderly people. Even though there are a lot of fall detection methods and algorithms exist, there is no efficient artificial intelligence strategy for detecting falls. Various literature states that Fall Detection among Elderly Person (FDEP) provides the possibility of bringing up an efficient and cost-effective way to tackle this problem. This paper generated a signal-based image dataset, SimgFall from the existing accelerometer or gyroscope-based sensor data of the SiSFall dataset for early detection of fall to fasten the medical assistance process. This SimgFall data is proposed by the proposed FallCNN model, a novel deep Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) based architecture that includes multiple folds of CNN network. These models utilize depth-wise convolution with varying dilation rates for efficiently extracting diversified features from the SimgFall dataset. 1992 signal-based images of which 498 are the samples collected for fall, jump, stumble and walk of four classes respectively. Further, performance evaluation on the generated dataset using different pre-trained and custom models has been analysed based on the loss and accuracy curve. The experimental results show that the highest classification accuracy (98%) is achieved using the proposed customized FallCNN model.
Polydopamine-Assisted Dip-and-Dry Fabrication of High Conductive Cotton Fabrics using Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes Inks for Flexible Devices
Authors: Horita Yuito , Kuromatsu Sho , Watanabe Takeshi , Suga Ryosuke , Koh Shinji
Published: August 2022

We have successfully fabricated electrically conductive cotton fabrics with a low sheet resistance. The electrically conductive fabrics have attracted much attention as materials for flexible devices. We used N, N-dimethyl-formamide (DMF) as a solvent, in which single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) were dispersed without any dispersants. The electrically conductive cotton fabrics were fabricated using a simple polydopamine (PDA)-assisted dip-and-dry method. The electrically conductive fabrics were characterized by micro-Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The low sheet resistance of 9 ± 2 Ω/sq was achieved for electrically conductive cotton fabrics using DMF-SWCNT inks. Moreover, we demonstrated the electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding effectiveness (SE) using the fabricated electrically conductive cotton fabrics. The EMI SE and return loss were measured in the two frequency ranges (4–6 and 8–12 GHz) using waveguides and a vector network analyzer (VNA). The measured SE was about − 30 dB. The fabricated electrically conductive DMF-SWCNT-PDA cotton fabrics fulfilled the requirement for the practical EMI shielding.
AI model developed using machine learning for predicting sperm retrieval in micro TESE for non-obstructive azoospermia patients
Authors: Kobayashi Hideyuki , Uetani Masato , Yamabe Fumito , Mitsui Yozo , Nakajima Koichi , Nagao Koichi
Published: August 2022

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Identification of novel PIEZO1::CBFA2T3 and INO80C::SETBP1 fusion genes in an acute myeloid leukemia patient by RNA -seq
Authors: Li Yanling , Liu Yao , Gao Xinyu , Zhao Weiwei , Zhou Fanghui , Liu Hongxing , Wang Wei
Published: August 2022

Fusion genes are recurrent molecular aberrations in acute myeloid leukemia, with significant diagnostic and therapeutic value. The identification of novel fusion genes provides advanced biomarkers for diagnosis and facilitates the discovery of drug targets. Here we report a male AML patient with presence of PIEZO1::CBFA2T3 and INO80C::SETBP1 fusion genes detected by RNA sequencing. As far as we know, it is the first time PIEZO1::CBFA2T3 and INO80C::SETBP1 are identified in AML patients.