bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A proposed approach for plagiarism detection in Article documents
Authors: Saeed Ayoub Ali M. , Taqa Alaa Yaseen
Published: April 2022

According to the scientific institutes, Plagiarism is defined as claiming someone else's ideas or efforts as one's own without citing the sources. Systems of plagiarism detection typically use a text similarity algorithm in a text document to look for common sentences between source and suspicious documents, either by directly matching the sentences or by embedding the sentences into a vector using TFIDF-like or other methods and then calculating the distance or the similarity between the source and suspect sentence vectors. The cosine similarity method is one of the methods for determining that distance. To cluster the documents and choose only related documents for detection, an unsupervised Machine learning technique such as K-means could be utilized. In this paper, a plagiarism detecting application was created and tested on many text document types, including doc, Docx, and pdf of research papers that were collected from the web to build the source corpus. To calculate the level of similarity between the suspicious article and the corpus of source articles, the TFIDF text encoding approach is used with NLP, K-means clustering, and cosine similarity algorithms. The proposed application was carried out with five different documents and resulted in different ratios of plagiarism, the first document has a 0.27 ratio, the second document has a 0.15 ratio, the third document has 0.19 ratio while document 4 has a 0.42 ratio, and finally, document 5 has 0.37 ratio of plagiarism. The generated detailed plagiarism ratio report presents the percentage of plagiarism in the suspicious article document. Depending on the threshold value, the application will decide if the suspicious document is acceptable or not.
Eustachian Tube Function Test
Authors: Lee Jeon Mi , Lee Hyun Jin
Published: April 2022

Eustachian tube dysfunction (ETD) is a common condition in clinical otolaryngology practice. The eustachian tube (ET) is the only pathway connecting the middle ear cavity and the nasopharynx, and has a ventilation function to equalize the pressure of the middle ear and the atmosphere, a discharge function of middle ear secretions into the nasopharynx, and a defense function to prevent reflux from the nasopharynx. The most important function of the ET is to maintain a consistent middle ear air pressure for efficient sound transmission. Various methods have been used to measure the physiological function of ET. Traditional methods include the Valsalva, Toynbee, and Politzer test. Physiological methods include the 9-step Bluestone inflation-deflation test and sonotubometry. Evaluation of ETD using questionnaires is also being conducted, and currently, imaging tests are also conducted to evaluate the structure of ET. However, no standard protocols have been established until now. In this article, the types, methods, and advantages and disadvantages of the currently available ET function tests are introduced.
Gestão do cuidado para segurança do paciente no centro cirúrgico: contribuições do enfermeiro
Authors: Borchhardt Sabrina Viegas Beloni , Rodrigues Sidiane , Silva Sérgio Maurício Souza e , Calvette Adriane Medeiros , Rangel Rosiane Filipin , Siqueira Hedi Crecencia Heckler de
Published: April 2022

Objetivo: investigar as evidências científicas acerca das contribuições do enfermeiro na gestão do cuidado alinhadas à segurança do paciente no centro cirúrgico. Método: revisão integrativa, realizada online em janeiro de 2021, em quatro bases de dados na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, com os descritores controlados “Gestão”, “Centro Cirúrgico”, “Segurança do Paciente” e “Enfermeiro”. Resultados: foram sintetizados em três categorias Organização do trabalho no Centro Cirúrgico e a Segurança do Paciente; Ambiente cirúrgico e fatores de risco a Segurança do Paciente; Ações desenvolvidas pelo enfermeiro para gestão do cuidado seguro. Conclusão: a gestão da assistência cirúrgica requer conhecimento das características de cada ato cirúrgico, além do trabalho articulado e engajado da equipe multiprofissional. Sendo o checklist de cirurgia segura a ferramenta mais adotada e o enfermeiro um dos principais responsáveis pela sua aplicação.
Pessoas com deficiência e as barreiras aos serviços de saúde: uma metassíntese
Authors: Geraldo Juliana Pedroso Bauab , Andrade Sonia Maria Oliveira de
Published: April 2022

O objetivo desta revisão de literatura foi identificar e analisar as barreiras que influenciam no acesso aos serviços e aos cuidados de saúde pelas pessoas com deficiência, por meio da abordagem da metassíntese qualitativa. Buscaram-se estudos nas bases de dados BVS e MEDLINE/PubMed, sendo selecionados 31 artigos. Os desafios identificados foram descritos e categorizados em barreiras físicas, barreiras nos transportes, barreiras econômico-sociais, barreiras tecnológicas, barreiras nas comunicações e na informação, barreiras organizacionais e políticas, barreiras assistenciais, barreiras atitudinais e barreiras culturais e simbólicas. Os resultados apontaram desafios na mobilidade e no despreparo dos serviços e dos profissionais para receber pessoas com deficiência e dar assistência a elas. Nas barreiras, identificaram-se a ausência de tecnologias para avaliação e diagnóstico acessíveis e a falta de recursos humanos e de tecnologia assistiva para suprir as demandas e prover os atendimentos de maneira qualificada. Os comportamentos, atitudes e valores culturais e simbólicos influenciaram, principalmente, na relação das pessoas com deficiência com os serviços de saúde e seus profissionais e com a escolha de buscar pelo cuidado. Os resultados desta revisão podem subsidiar gestores e profissionais de assistência sobre a importância de adotar práticas inclusivas e incitar novas pesquisas que objetivem a busca por novas perspectivas e soluções propositivas.
LAVANDULA ANGUSTIFOLIA MILLER UÇUCU YAĞI ÜZERİNDE FARMAKOGNOZİK ARAŞTIRMALAR
Authors: KIZILAY Harun , ŞARER Engin
Published: April 2022

Lavandula türleri sahip oldukları bileşikleri nedeni ile tedavide, parfümeride, gıda, kozmetik ve ilaç endüstrilerinde yararlanılan bitkilerdir. Araştırmanın konusu olan Lavandula angustifola Miller bitkisi, halk arasında çeşitli hastalıkların tedavisinde kullanılmaktadır. Bitkinin ülkemizde yaygın olarak kültürü yapılmaktadır. Lavandula türleri, çeşitli etken maddelerinin yanı sıra, özellikle içerdikleri uçucu yağ nedeniyle önemlidir. Lavandula angustifolia Miller diğer türlerinden daha çok ve en değerli uçucu yağa sahip olan türdür. Bunun yanında Lavandula latifolia ve Lavandula hybrida’nın uçucu yağları da ticari öneme sahiptir. Bu araştırmada bitki Isparta ili Keçiborlu ilçesinden toplanmıştır. Bitkinin çiçekli dal uçları distillenmiş ve kuru ağırlık üzerinden %3.39 (h/a) oranında uçucu yağ elde edilmiştir. L. angustifolia’dan elde edilen bu uçucu yağ, GC-MS kullanılarak analiz edilmiş olup 34 bileşik saptanmıştır. Uçucu yağda ana bileşenler olarak; linalol (%47.66), 1.8-sineol (%9.10), linalil asetat (%7.65) ve kafur (%6.46) tespit edilmiştir. Bu araştırma sonucuna göre, Lavandula angustifola örneğinden elde edilen uçucu yağ, lavandin esansına benzer kompozisyonu nedeniyle gıda, kozmetik, sabun ve ilaç endüstrileri ile fitoterapi ve aromaterapi alanında değerlendirilebilecek bir uçucu yağdır.
DISHARMONISASI UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 20 TAHUN 2003 DENGAN UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 12 TAHUN 2012 TENTANG MATA KULIAH PANCASILA SEBAGAI MATA KULIAH WAJIB DI PERGURUAN TINGGI
Authors: Daria Daria
Published: April 2022

Kurikulum merupakan instrument yang sangat penting karena di dalam kurikulum  dimuat rencana dan pengaturan mengenai identitas deskripsi mata kuliah, tujuan, isi, bahan pelajaran serta cara-cara yang digunakan dalam penyelengaraan untuk mencapai tujuan pendidikan. Di perguruan tinggi berkaitan dengan kurikulum ada dua aturan yang mengaturnya yaitu di undang-undang nomor 20 Tahun 2003 tentang sistem pendidikan nasional (sidiknas) dan undang-undang nomor 12 Tahun 2012 tentang pendidikan tinggi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian komparatif yaitu  membandingkan dua aturan yang berbeda yang mengatur muatan yang sama pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan konseptual dan pendekatan undang-undang. Muatan dari masing-masing aturan ini berbeda-beda tentang kurikulum wajib di perguruan tinggi, terutama yang berkaitan dengan mata kuliah pancasila. Di pasal 37 ayat 2 undang-undang sisdiknas mejelaskan kurikulum wajib di pendidikan tinggi adalah pendidikan agama, pendidikan kewarganegaraan dan bahasa sedangkan pada pasal 35 ayat 3 undang-undang pendidikan tinggi dijelaskan kurikulum wajib di pendidikan tinggi adalah agama, pancasila, kewarganegaraan dan bahasa Indonesia. Jadi di undang-undang sisdiknas tidak menyebutkan secara ekplisit mata kuliah pancasila sebagai mata kuliah wajib. Hal ini tentunya akan menimbulkan problematika yuridis jika kedua aturan ini tidak sinkron dan harus ada langkah untuk mengharmonisasikannya denga cara merevisi atau pun mencabut ketentuan pasal-pasal yang memang tidak harmonis. Sehingga tidak ada lagi salah penafsiran perguruan tinggi di dalam menerapkan kurikulum wajib terutama muatan mata kuliah pancasila.
Taxonomy Informed Clustering, an Optimized Method for Purer and More Informative Clusters in Diversity Analysis and Microbiome Profiling
Authors: Kioukis Antonios , Pourjam Mohsen , Neuhaus Klaus , Lagkouvardos Ilias
Published: April 2022

Bacterial diversity is often analyzed using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. Commonly, sequences are clustered based on similarity cutoffs to obtain groups reflecting molecular species, genera, or families. Due to the amount of the generated sequencing data, greedy algorithms are preferred for their time efficiency. Such algorithms rely only on pairwise sequence similarities. Thus, sometimes sequences with diverse phylogenetic background are clustered together. In contrast, taxonomic classifiers use position specific taxonomic information in assigning a probable taxonomy to a given sequence. Here we introduce Taxonomy Informed Clustering (TIC), a novel approach that utilizes classifier-assigned taxonomy to restrict clustering to only those sequences that share the same taxonomic path. Based on this concept, we offer a complete and automated pipeline for processing of 16S rRNA amplicon datasets in diversity analyses. First, raw reads are processed to form denoised amplicons. Next, the denoised amplicons are taxonomically classified. Finally, the TIC algorithm progressively assigning clusters at molecular species, genus and family levels. TIC outperforms greedy clustering algorithms like USEARCH and VSEARCH in terms of clusters’ purity and entropy, when using data from the Living Tree Project as test samples. Furthermore, we applied TIC on a dataset containing all Bifidobacteriaceae-classified sequences from the IMNGS database. Here, TIC identified evidence for 1000s of novel molecular genera and species. These results highlight the straightforward application of the TIC pipeline and superior results compared to former methods in diversity studies. The pipeline is freely available at: https://github.com/Lagkouvardos/TIC.
Mesenchymal Stem Cells From Different Sources in Meniscus Repair and Regeneration
Authors: Ding Guocheng , Du Jianing , Hu Xiaoqing , Ao Yingfang
Published: April 2022

Meniscus damage is a common trauma that often arises from sports injuries or menisci tissue degeneration. Current treatment methods focus on the repair, replacement, and regeneration of the meniscus to restore its original function. The advance of tissue engineering provides a novel approach to restore the unique structure of the meniscus. Recently, mesenchymal stem cells found in tissues including bone marrow, peripheral blood, fat, and articular cavity synovium have shown specific advantages in meniscus repair. Although various studies explore the use of stem cells in repairing meniscal injuries from different sources and demonstrate their potential for chondrogenic differentiation, their meniscal cartilage-forming properties are yet to be systematically compared. Therefore, this review aims to summarize and compare different sources of mesenchymal stem cells for meniscal repair and regeneration.
Bioinformatics Study Revealed Significance of Exosome Transcriptome in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Diagnosis
Authors: Wu Zeng-Hong , Li Cheng , Zhang You-Jing , Lin Rong
Published: April 2022

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the fifty most common cancers globally, having a high mortality rate being the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths. However, little attention has been paid to the involvement of exosomes and ceRNA in HCC.

Method: The study aimed to explore exosome data from exoRBase database and a free online database to estimate possible binding miRNA from mRNA, lncRNA, and circRNA and discover useful exosome biomarkers for HCC therapy.

Results: The results indicated that a total of 159 mRNAs, 60 lncRNAs, and 13 circRNAs were differentially expressed, with HIST2H3C exhibiting the highest log2FC change, CTD-2031P19 exhibiting the most relevant lncRNA, and CTD-2031P19 exhibiting the most relevant lncRNA. MARCH8, SH3PXD2A, has-circ-0014088, hsa-miR-186-5p, and hsa-miR-613 were identified as hub biomarkers used by Cytoscape. According to the KEGG pathway analysis results, the differentially expressed proteins were primarily enriched in the MAPK signaling network, central carbon metabolism in cancer, the glucagon signaling pathway, glutamatergic synapse, and spliceosome. Furthermore, immunohistochemical images from the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) online tool were used to directly evaluate the protein expression of SMARCA5, CDC42, and UBC between normal and cancer tissues, and the results showed that these three gene expressions were significantly higher in tumor tissues.

Conclusion: This study discovered atypical signature exosomes for HCC prognostic prediction based on an online database. The signals could mimic exosome microenvironmental disorders providing potential biomarkers for exosome treatment.
Tricky Isomers—The Evolution of Analytical Strategies to Characterize Plasmalogens and Plasmanyl Ether Lipids
Authors: Koch Jakob , Watschinger Katrin , Werner Ernst R. , Keller Markus A.
Published: April 2022

Typically, glycerophospholipids are represented with two esterified fatty acids. However, by up to 20%, a significant proportion of this lipid class carries an ether-linked fatty alcohol side chain at the sn-1 position, generally referred to as ether lipids, which shape their specific physicochemical properties. Among those, plasmalogens represent a distinct subgroup characterized by an sn-1 vinyl-ether double bond. The total loss of ether lipids in severe peroxisomal defects such as rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata indicates their crucial contribution to diverse cellular functions. An aberrant ether lipid metabolism has also been reported in multifactorial conditions including Alzheimer’s disease. Understanding the underlying pathological implications is hampered by the still unclear exact functional spectrum of ether lipids, especially in regard to the differentiation between the individual contributions of plasmalogens (plasmenyl lipids) and their non-vinyl-ether lipid (plasmanyl) counterparts. A primary reason for this is that exact identification and quantification of plasmalogens and other ether lipids poses a challenging and usually labor-intensive task. Diverse analytical methods for the detection of plasmalogens have been developed. Liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry is increasingly used to resolve complex lipid mixtures, and with optimized parameters and specialized fragmentation strategies, discrimination between ethers and plasmalogens is feasible. In this review, we recapitulate historic and current methodologies for the recognition and quantification of these important lipids and will discuss developments in this field that can contribute to the characterization of plasmalogens in high structural detail.
Offshore Utility Systems for FPSOs: A Techno-Environomic Assessment Considering the Uncertainty About the Natural Gas Price
Authors: Flórez-Orrego Daniel , Albuquerque Cyro , Da Silva Julio A. M. , Freire Ronaldo , De Oliveira Junior Silvio
Published: April 2022

Due to restricted weight and space budget on floating production, storage and offloading units (FPSO), the offshore utility systems have been limited to low-efficiency energy technologies. Moreover, owing to time-varying energy demands of the FPSOs, the existing cogeneration systems incur oversizing issues and mostly operate at offdesign conditions during the lifespan. This situation increases the fuel consumption and accentuates the environmental impact of the offshore oil and gas sector. Accordingly, a power hub emerges as an interesting alternative to the conventional utility system, featuring more efficient and environmentally friendly energy solutions. Nevertheless, power hubs are not free from challenges, typically related to the incremental costs of additional power generation and transmission equipment and costly carbon abatement units. Thus, uncertain natural gas price, carbon taxation, and delay in entry of operation between productive platforms should be thoroughly considered in anticipation of the impact of volatile market prices and more stringent environmental regulations on the operational results of the assets. In this work, a comparative incremental assessment between the existing cogeneration system and four alternative power hub setups is performed to shed light on the potential benefits of adopting the centralized offshore power stations. Among those benefits are augmented revenues with gas exportation, optimal sizing and load dispatch process, and reduced number of idle power units, oftentimes required only for attending the peak demand that occurs in a short interval of the whole lifespan of the hub. As a result, it is found that by increasing the delay in entry of operation, the opportunity cost arisen from the money depreciation and the variation of the gas price over time substantially hampers the economic feasibility, showing a trade-off between the best thermodynamic performance, the lowest environmental burden, and the most profitable operating conditions.
Preparation and Properties of Indium Ion Modified Graphite Felt Composite Electrode
Authors: Su Yang , Chen Na , Ren Hai-lin , Guo Li-li , Li Zhen , Wang Xiao-min
Published: April 2022

Iron-chromium redox flow batteries (ICRFBs) have the advantages of high safety, long cycle life, flexible design, and low maintenance costs. Polyacrylonitrile-based graphite felt composite material has good temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, large surface area and excellent electrical conductivity, and is often used as the electrode material of ICRFB, but its chemical activity is poor. In order to improve the activity of the graphite felt electrode, In3+ was used for modification in this paper, and the modified graphite felt was used as the electrode material for iron-chromium batteries. The structure and surface morphology of the modified graphite felt were analyzed by the specific surface area analyzer and scanning electron microscope; the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry experiments were carried out on the electrochemical workstation to study the electro catalytic activity of In3+ modified graphite felt and its performance in ICRFBS. The results show that the graphite felt electrode modified with a concentration of 0.2 M In3+ was activated at 400°C for 2 h, and its surface showed a lot of grooves, and the specific surface area reached 3.889 m2/g, while the specific surface area of the untreated graphite felt was only 0.995 m2/g significantly improved. Electrochemical tests show that the electrochemical properties of graphite felt electrodes are improved after In3+ modification. Therefore, the In3+ modified graphite felt electrode can improve the performance of ICRFB battery, and also make it possible to realize the engineering application of ICRFB battery.
In Situ Green Synthesis of Graphene Oxide-Silver Nanoparticles Composite with Using Gallic Acid
Authors: Bao Yunhui , Tian Chunlian , Yu Huazhong , He Jian , Song Ke , Guo Jie , Zhou Xianwu , Zhuo Ou , Liu Shima
Published: April 2022

The adoption of plant-derived natural products to synthesize metal nanoparticles and their complexes has the advantages of mild reaction conditions, environmental protection, sustainability and simple operation compared with traditional physical or chemical synthesis methods. Herein, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were in situ synthesized on the surface of graphene oxide (GO) by a “one-pot reaction” to prepare graphene oxide-silver nanoparticles composite (GO-AgNPs) based on using AgNO3 as the precursor of AgNPs and gallic acid (GA) as the reducing agent and stabilizer. The size and morphology of GO-AgNPs were characterized by ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer (Uv-vis), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and dynamic light scattering (DLS). The effects of pH, temperature, time and material ratio on the synthesis of GO-AgNPs were investigated experimentally. The results showed that ideal GO-AgNPs could be prepared under the conditions of pH = 9, 45°C, 2 h and the 2:1 of molar ratio of AgNO3 to GA. The AgNPs within GO-AgNPs are highly crystalline spherical particles with moderate density on the surface of GO, and the size of AgNPs is relatively uniform and determined to be about 8.19 ± 4.21 nm. The research results will provide new ideas and references for the green synthesis of metal nanoparticles and their complexes using plant-derived natural products as the reducing agent and stabilizer.
Campylobacter jejuni Cytolethal Distending Toxin Induces GSDME-Dependent Pyroptosis in Colonic Epithelial Cells
Authors: Gu Jiayun , Lin Yan , Wang Zhichao , Pan Qicong , Cai Guohua , He Qigai , Xu Xiaojuan , Cai Xuwang
Published: April 2022

Background

Cytolethal distending toxin (CDT) is a critical virulence factor of Campylobacter jejuni, and it induces cell death and regulates inflammation response in human epithelial cells. Pyroptosis is an inflammatory form of programmed cell death (PCD), but whether it is involved in CDT-mediated cytotoxicity remains elusive.

Aims

This study explores the role and mechanism of pyroptosis in CDT-mediated cytotoxicity.

Methods

HCT116 and FHC cell lines were treated with CDT. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was used to detect cell viability. Western blotting was used to measure the expression of related proteins in the pathway, and cell morphology observation, annexin V/propidium iodide (PI) staining and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assay were performed to evaluate the occurrence of pyroptosis.

Result

Our results show that C. jejuni CDT effectively induces pyroptosis in a dose- and time- dependent manner in human colonic epithelial cells owing to its DNase activity. Specific pyroptotic features including large bubbles emerging from plasma membrane and LDH release were observed upon CDT treatment. Moreover, CDT-induced pyroptosis involves the caspase-9/caspase-3 axis, which is followed by gasdermin E (GSDME) cleavage rather than gasdermin D (GSDMD). N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), a reactive oxygen species (ROS) inhibitor, attenuates the activation of caspase-9/3, the cleavage of GSDME and pyroptotic characteristic, therefore demonstrating ROS initiates pyroptotic signaling.

Conclusions

We first clarify a molecular mechanism that CDT induces pyroptosis via ROS/caspase-9/caspase-3/GSDME signaling. These findings provide a new insight on understanding of CDT-induced pathogenesis at the molecular level.
The Picture of #Mentalhealth on Instagram: Congruent vs. Incongruent Emotions in Predicting the Sentiment of Comments
Authors: Wu Jiaxi , Hong Traci
Published: April 2022

This study explores the effects of sentiment of Instagram images and captions on the sentiment of comments. All Instagram posts with the hashtag #mentalhealth and the associated metadata were scraped on World Mental Health Day. A mixed-method approach of a sentiment classifier and a quantitative content analysis of Instagram posts (N = 7,078) was used. Overall, our sample contained more positive sentiment posts and comments than negative ones, indicating a possible connection between mental health-related discourse and positive sentiment on Instagram. Images containing faces elicited more likes, comments and positive comments compared with images without faces. MANCOVA analyses of images with human faces found that emotional contagion from Instagram posts to comments was only observed when considering the sentiment of both images and captions. Congruency effects were seen for posts with both negative captions and images, which elicited more negative comments compared to emotionally incongruent posts. Theoretical implications of emotional contagion and real-life implications for mental health social media campaign design are discussed.
Causal Relationship of Coronary Artery Calcium on Myocardial Infarction and Preventive Effect of Antiplatelet Therapy
Authors: Limpijankit Thosaphol , Jongjirasiri Sutipong , Unwanatham Nattawut , Rattanasiri Sasivimol , Thakkinstian Ammarin , Laothamatas Jiraporn
Published: April 2022

Background

The role of coronary artery calcium score (CACS) to guide antiplatelet therapy in order to prevent myocardial infarction (MI) is still uncertain. This study aimed to find the causal relationship of CACS on MI and preventive effect of antiplatelet therapy.

Methods

From 2005 to 2013, all patients with cardiovascular risk factors or symptoms of suspected CAD underwent coronary computed tomography. CACSs were measured using Agatston method and stratified into 4 groups: 0, 1–99, 100–399, and ≥ 400. Antiplatelet therapy was prescribed following physician discretion. Outcomes of interest were MI and bleeding. A mediation analysis was applied to find association pathways. CACS was considered as an independent variable, whereas antiplatelet therapy was considered as a mediator and MI considered the outcome of interest.

Results

A total of 7,849 subjects were enrolled. During an average of 9.9 ± 2.4 years follow-up, MI and bleeding events occurred in 2.24% (n = 176) and 2.82% (n = 221) of subjects, respectively. CACSs 100–399 and CAC ≥ 400 were significantly associated with the development of MI [OR 3.14 (1.72, 5.72), and OR 3.22 (1.66, 6.25), respectively, p < 0.001]. Antiplatelet therapy reduced the risk of MI of these corresponding CAC groups with ORs of 0.60 (0.41, 0.78) and 0.56 (0.34, 0.77), p < 0.001]. A risk of bleeding was associated with antiplatelet therapy (only aspirin), anticoagulant, hypertension, male gender and old age.

Conclusion

CACS was associated with the development of future MI. The preventive effect of antiplatelet therapy was clearly demonstrated in subjects with CACSs equal to or above 100, but this benefit was partially offset by an increased risk of bleeding.
Genome-Wide Identification of Associations of Circulating Molecules With Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection and Aortic Aneurysm and Dissection
Authors: Chai Tianci , Tian Mengyue , Yang Xiaojie , Qiu Zhihuang , Lin Xinjian , Chen Liangwan
Published: April 2022

Circulating proteins play functional roles in various biological processes and disease pathogenesis. The aim of this study was to highlight circulating proteins associated with aortic aneurysm and dissection (AAD) and spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD). We examined the associations of circulating molecule levels with SCAD by integrating data from a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of CanSCAD and 7 pQTL studies. Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was applied to examine the associations between circulating molecule levels and AAD by using data from UK Biobank GWAS and pQTL studies. The SCAD-associated SNPs in 1q21.2 were strongly associated with circulating levels of extracellular matrix protein 1 (ECM1) and 25 other proteins (encoded by CTSS, CAT, CNDP1, KNG1, SLAMF7, TIE1, CXCL1, MBL2, ESD, CXCL16, CCL14, KCNE5, CST7, PSME1, GPC3, MAP2K4, SPOCK3, LRPPRC, CLEC4M, NOG, C1QTNF9, CX3CL1, SCP2D1, SERPINF2, and FN1). These proteins were enriched in biological processes such as regulation of peptidase activity and regulation of cellular protein metabolic processes. Proteins (FGF6, FGF9, HGF, BCL2L1, and VEGFA) involved in the Ras signaling pathway were identified to be related to AAD. In addition, SCAD- and AAD-associated SNPs were associated with cytokine and lipid levels. MR analysis showed that circulating ECM1, SPOCK3 and IL1b levels were associated with AAD. Circulating levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and small very-low-density lipoprotein particles were strongly associated with AAD. The present study found associations between circulating proteins and lipids and SCAD and AAD. Circulating ECM1 and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol may play a role in the pathology of SCAD and AAD.
The Impact of Personalized Human Support on Engagement With Behavioral Intervention Technologies for Employee Mental Health: An Exploratory Retrospective Study
Authors: Jesuthasan Jehanita , Low Megan , Ong Tiffanie
Published: April 2022

Digital healthcare has grown in popularity in recent years as a scalable solution to address increasing rates of mental illness among employees, but its clinical potential is limited by low engagement and adherence, particularly in open access interventions. Personalized guidance, involving structuring an intervention and tailoring it to the user to increase accountability and social support, is one way to increase engagement with digital health programs. This exploratory retrospective study therefore sought to examine the impact of guidance in the form of personalized prompts from a lay-person (i.e., non-health professional) on user's (N = 88) engagement with a 16-week Behavioral Intervention Technology targeting employee mental health and delivered through a mobile application. Chi-squared tests and Mann-Whitney tests were used to examine differences in retention and engagement between individuals who received personalized prompts throughout their 4-month program and individuals for whom personalized prompts were introduced in the seventh week of their program. There were no significant differences between the groups in the number of weeks they remained active in the app (personalized messages group Mdn = 3.5, IQR = 3; control group Mdn = 2.5, IQR = 4.5; p = 0.472). In the first 3 weeks of the intervention program, the proportion of individuals who explored the educational modules feature and the messaging with health coaches feature was also not significantly associated with group (ps = 1.000). The number of modules completed and number of messages sent to health coaches in the first 3 weeks did not differ significantly between the two groups (ps ≥ 0.311). These results suggest that guidance from a non-health professional is limited in its ability to increase engagement with an open access Behavioral Intervention Technology for employees. Moreover, the findings suggest that the formation of a relationship between the individual and the agent providing the guidance may be necessary in order for personalized guidance to increase engagement.
Barkley Canyon Gas Hydrates: A Synthesis Based on Two Decades of Seafloor Observation and Remote Sensing
Authors: Riedel M. , Scherwath M. , Römer M. , Paull C. K. , Lundsten E. M. , Caress D. , Brewer P. G. , Pohlman J. W. , Lapham L. L. , Chapman N. R. , Whiticar M. J. , Spence G. D. , Enkin R. J. , Douglas K.
Published: April 2022

Barkley Canyon is one of the few known sites worldwide with the occurrence of thermogenic gas seepage and formation of structure-II and structure-H gas hydrate mounds on the seafloor. This site is the location of continuous seafloor monitoring as part of the Ocean Networks Canada (ONC) cabled observatory off the west coast off Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada. We combine repeat remotely operated vehicle (ROV) seafloor video observations, mapping with an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV), ship-, ROV-, and AUV-based identification of gas flares, as well as seismic and Chirp data to investigate the distribution of fluid migration pathways. Geologically, the site with the prominent gas hydrate mounds and associated fluid seepage is covering an area of ∼0.15 km2 and is situated on a remnant of a rotated fault block that had slipped off the steep flanks of the north-east facing canyon wall. The gas hydrate mounds, nearly constant in dimension over the entire observation period, are associated with gas and oil seepage and surrounded by debris of chemosynthetic communities and authigenic carbonate. The formation of gas hydrate at and near the seafloor requires additional accommodation space created by forming blisters at the seafloor that displace the regular sediments. An additional zone located centrally on the rotated fault block with more diffuse seepage (∼0.02 km2 in extent) has been identified with no visible mounds, but with bacterial mats, small carbonate concretions, and clam beds. Gas venting is seen acoustically in the water column up to a depth of ∼300 m. However, acoustic water-column imaging during coring and ROV dives showed rising gas bubbles to much shallower depth, even <50 m, likely a result of degassing of rising oil droplets, which themselves cannot be seen acoustically. Combining all observations, the location of the gas hydrate mounds is controlled by a combination of fault-focused fluid migration from a deeper reservoir and fluid seepage along more permeable strata within the rotated slope block. Fluids must be provided continuously to allow the sustained presence of the gas hydrate mounds at the seafloor.
Laboratory Model Tests of Seismic Strain Response of Anti-Seismic Anchor Cables
Authors: Wang Yan , Tang Yafeng , Zhang Fei , Guo Jinlong
Published: April 2022

Under the impact of seismic forces, the strain of conventional anchor cables tended to increase sharply in an instant, which could easily cause the anchor cables to fail due to stress overload. This study aimed to optimize the design of rock supporting methods under dynamic disaster events such as earthquakes and rock bursts. A scale model specimen with a mechanical sliding device was designed based on an anti-seismic anchor cable. The working mechanism and seismic strain response of anti-seismic anchor cables were studied using static and shaking table model tests. The results show that under a static force, the anti-seismic anchor cables undergo in sequence a first elastic deformation stage, a slipping stage, a second elastic deformation stage, a plastic strengthening stage, and a brittle failure stage. In the slipping stage, the anchor cables start frictional sliding while keeping the axial force unchanged so as to adapt to the large deformation of the rock mass. The anti-seismic anchor cables exhibit the three situations of no-slip, instantaneous slip, and gradual and accumulative slip under seismic excitation. With a large constant resistance to slippage, the anchor cables do not slip, which can easily cause the anchor cables to break due to stress overload. With a small constant resistance to slippage, the reserved slipping distance is instantly exhausted; a step-shaped jump appears in the time history curves of the strain of the anchor cables. In the engineering design, a preset constant resistance to slippage is needed to match the seismic force for the anchor cables to exhibit the mechanism of multiple accumulated slips. During each slipping process, the strain of the anchor cables first decreases and then increases, with the peak strain decreasing significantly. This mechanism effectively cushions the instantaneous impact force of the earthquake, releases rock deformation, and dissipates seismic energy.
Promoting Factors of Social Inclusion of Students With Special Educational Needs: Perspectives of Parents, Teachers, and Students
Authors: Lindner Katharina-Theresa , Hassani Sepideh , Schwab Susanne , Gerdenitsch Cornelia , Kopp-Sixt Silvia , Holzinger Andrea
Published: April 2022

The idea of inclusion in the sense of participatory access to educational opportunities is widely acknowledged and implemented within the pedagogical discourse. Nevertheless, ensuring social participation of students with and without special education needs in learning situations continues to be challenging. The present study examines promoting and hindering factors for social inclusion with a focus on students with special educational needs. Therefore, semi-structured interviews regarding students’ (n = 12 students with SEN, 12 students without SEN), parents’ (n = 24), and teachers’ (n = 6 regular teachers, 6 special need teachers) perceptions of promoting educational characteristics that might influence students’ inclusion in everyday school life are analyzed through thematic analysis. The findings provide a wide range of pedagogical interventions that have the potential to promote inclusive education processes on educational, intrapersonal, and interpersonal levels as well as regarding different actors who are involved.
Is Encapsulated Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma Associated With a Better Prognosis? A Case Series and a Review of the Literature
Authors: Contarino Andrea , Dolci Alessia , Maggioni Marco , Porta Francesca Maria , Lopez Gianluca , Verga Uberta , Elli Francesca Marta , Iofrida Elisabetta Francesca , Cantoni Gianmaria , Mantovani Giovanna , Arosio Maura
Published: April 2022

Context

Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is a malignant neuroendocrine neoplasm that may spread to lymph nodes before the primary tumor is diagnosed; moreover, distant metastases are already present in about 10% of patients at diagnosis. Serum calcitonin (Ctn) usually reflects the spread of disease, thus orienting the extent of surgery and predicting the possibility of biochemical remission. Tumor size and vascular invasion are important prognostic factors, but little is known on the relationship between other histopathological features, such as the presence of a tumor capsule, and long term outcome of MTC.

Purpose

To evaluate the prevalence of encapsulated tumors among MTCs and the association of tumor capsule with a favorable outcome after surgery.

Methods

A retrospective observational single-center study was conducted together with a narrative review of the available literature.

Results

Among 44 patients (27 female, 17 male; median age: 56 years) with MTC (6 hereditary, 37 sporadic) followed up at our center in the last four years (median follow-up: 29.2 months), seven (15.9%) showed an encapsulated tumor at histology and a clinical remission after surgery. None of them had nodal metastases and median preoperative Ctn (398 pg/mL, IQR 126.5–7336) did not differ significantly from that of the 14 patients (31.8%) with persistent disease after surgery (787 pg/mL, IQR 340.5–2905.5; p=0.633), although their tumor size was significantly higher (median 33 mm versus 16 mm respectively, p=0.036). Among patients with preoperative Ctn levels above 500 pg/mL (n=11), only two (18.2%) showed undetectable Ctn levels during follow-up, both having an encapsulated MTC (OR 0.000, p=0.02). Notably, they were two similar cases of large MTC (> 3 cm) with extensive hyalinization and calcification, associated with very high Ctn levels (> 13’500 and 1’100 pg/mL, respectively) but no nodal nor distant metastases, in complete remission after surgery although one of them carried the aggressive M918T somatic RET mutation.

Conclusion

MTC rarely shows a tumor capsule, which seems to correlate with a better prognosis and absence of nodal metastases, regardless of RET or RAS mutational status. Among encapsulated MTCs (E-MTC), Ctn levels and tumor size are not predictive of persistence of disease after surgery.
Smart EV Charging Strategies Based on Charging Behavior
Authors: Singh Shivam , Vaidya Binod , Mouftah Hussein T.
Published: April 2022

Coming years, the number of electric vehicles (EVs) shall increase significantly, so the demand for electricity for charging EVs will proportionately increase as well. Thus, the growing energy requirements for charging these EVs might put huge burden on the electricity generation and supply infrastructure. Such a huge load growth opportunity for utilities if integrated successfully, or if not, a significant challenge to operate and balance grid loads in the future. Customarily, the increase in adoption of EVs in recent years has yielded challenges to the utilities as the electricity demand of EVs occurs mostly during peak hours. In some cases, a sojourn time may be longer than a charging time, that means, EVs will be connected to the charging station without charging. However, the load shifting potential of EVs may be consequential and might subsequently be used to alleviate challenges to the electric grid system. Considering charging behaviors for EV scheduling is crucial, as they depend on uncertainties of EV availabilities (i.e., sojourn time and energy required). Such uncertainties would impact substantially on the deployment of feasible EV charging scheduling. To address above-mentioned issues, firstly, we define an idle time ratio, which is basically load shifting potential. Consequently, we develop a heuristic EV charging scheduling scheme with an emphasis on inevitable charging behaviors of the EV users. Such a scheduling incorporates priority determination using the idle time ratio and TOU period as well as priority-based time slot allocation. Moreover, accurate prioritization of EVs is realized by predicting the energy demand and idle time ratio. Minimization of charging cost is perhaps the most perceptive objective, such that, the EV charging scheduling is done when TOU tariff is low. Performance evaluation shows that the proposed flexible smart charging scheduling outperforms the baseline scheduling in terms of the charging power and charging cost.
Viscous Oil Film Thermal Modeling of Hydrostatic Bearings With a Rectangular Microgroove Surface
Authors: Liu Teng , Li Chentao , Duan Runze , Qu Huiru , Chen Faze , Zhou Zhenlin , Zhang Jianjun , Shi Zhanqun
Published: April 2022

The thermal effect of the viscous oil film of hydrostatic bearings is the key factor causing bearing errors, and the hydrostatic bearing working surface with microgroove structures can potentially inhibit the thermal effect and effectively ensure the bearing accuracy. In this study, a modeling method for oil film heat generation of hydrostatic bearings with a rectangular microgroove working surface is established, and the influence of microgroove design scales onto oil film heat generation is studied. First, the flowing field numerical simulation model of the hydrostatic bearing oil film is established and verified by the published analytical model. Based on the simulation method, oil film flowing behaviors of hydrostatic bearings with a rectangular microgroove working surface are studied. Then, by combining the analytical calculation of viscous heat generation of the hydrostatic oil film and its flowing field simulation, a modified oil film thermal modeling of hydrostatic bearings with the rectangular microgroove working surface is established. On this basis, the influence of the microgroove design scale onto oil film heat generation is studied. It can be concluded that with the appropriate scales of the rectangular microgroove, the working surface with microgrooves can reduce the average velocity of the viscous flow field of the hydrostatic bearing oil film and restrain its energy loss and heat generation.
Time Delay of Wide Area Damping Control in Urban Power Grid: Model-Based Analysis and Data-Driven Compensation
Authors: She Buxin , Dong Yuqing , Liu Yilu
Published: April 2022

Due to the rapid development of economies, large urban cities consume an increasing amount of energy and have a higher requirement for power quality. Voltage source converter based high voltage direct current (VSC-HVDC) is a promising device to transmit clean power from remote regions to urban power systems, while also providing wide area damping control (WADC) for frequency stabilization. However, the time-delay naturally existing in the VSC-HVDC system may degrade the performance of WADC and even result in instability. To address this issue, this paper develops a time-delay correction control strategy for VSC-HVDC damping control in urban power grids. First, a small signal model of WADC is built to analyze the negative impacts of time delay. Then, a data-driven approach is proposed to compensate for the inherent time delay in VSC-HVDC damping control. The extensive training data will be generated under various disturbances. After offline training, the long short-term memory network (LSTM) can be implemented online to predict the actual frequency deviation based on real-time measurements. Finally, the proposed method is validated through MATLAB-Simulink in a two-area four-machine system. The results indicate that the data-driven compensation has a strong generalization ability for random delay time constants and can improve the performance of WADC significantly.
Early Post-Vaccination Gene Signatures Correlate With the Magnitude and Function of Vaccine-Induced HIV Envelope-Specific Plasma Antibodies in Infant Rhesus Macaques
Authors: Vijayan K. K. Vidya , Cross Kaitlyn A. , Curtis Alan D. , Van Rompay Koen K. A. , Pollara Justin , Fox Christopher B. , Tomai Mark , Hanke Tomáš , Fouda Genevieve , Hudgens Michael G. , Permar Sallie R. , De Paris Kristina
Published: April 2022

A better understanding of the impact of early innate immune responses after vaccine priming on vaccine-elicited adaptive immune responses could inform rational design for effective HIV vaccines. The current study compared the whole blood molecular immune signatures of a 3M-052-SE adjuvanted HIV Env protein vaccine to a regimen combining the adjuvanted Env protein with simultaneous administration of a modified Vaccinia Ankara vector expressing HIV Env in infant rhesus macaques at days 0, 1, and 3 post vaccine prime. Both vaccines induced a rapid innate response, evident by elevated inflammatory plasma cytokines and altered gene expression. We identified 25 differentially-expressed genes (DEG) on day 1 compared to day 0 in the HIV protein vaccine group. In contrast, in the group that received both the Env protein and the MVA-Env vaccine only two DEG were identified, implying that the MVA-Env modified the innate response to the adjuvanted protein vaccine. By day 3, only three DEG maintained altered expression, indicative of the transient nature of the innate response. The DEG represented immune pathways associated with complement activation, type I interferon and interleukin signaling, pathogen sensing, and induction of adaptive immunity. DEG expression on day 1 was correlated to Env-specific antibody responses, in particular antibody-dependent cytotoxicity responses at week 34, and Env-specific follicular T helper cells. Results from network analysis supported the interaction of DEG and their proteins in B cell activation. These results emphasize that vaccine-induced HIV-specific antibody responses can be optimized through the modulation of the innate response to the vaccine prime.