bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gaze shift dynamic visual acuity: A functional test of gaze stability that distinguishes unilateral vestibular hypofunction
Authors: Chen Po-Yin , Jheng Ying-Chun , Huang Shih-En , Po-Hung Li Lieber , Wei Shun-Hwa , Schubert Michael C. , Kao Chung-Lan
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND: Embedded within most rapid head rotations are gaze shifts, which is an initial eye rotation to a target of interest, followed by a head rotation towards the same target. Gaze shifts are used to acquire an image that initially is outside of the participant’s current field of vision. Currently, there are no tools available that evaluate the functional relevance of a gaze shift. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of our study was to measure dynamic visual acuity (DVA) while performing a gaze shift. METHODS: Seventy-one healthy participants (42.79±16.89 years) and 34 participants with unilateral vestibular hypofunction (UVH) (54.59±20.14 years) were tested while wearing an inertial measurement unit (IMU) sensor on the head and walking on a treadmill surrounded by three monitors. We measured visual acuity during three subcomponent tests: standing (static visual acuity), while performing an active head rotation gaze shift, and an active head rotation gaze shift while walking (gsDVAw). RESULTS: While doing gsDVAw, patients with Left UVH (n = 21) had scores worse (p = 0.023) for leftward (0.0446±0.0943 LogMAR) head rotation compared with the healthy controls (–0.0075±0.0410 LogMAR). Similarly, patients with right UVH (N = 13) had worse (p = 0.025) gsDVAw for rightward head motion (0.0307±0.0481 LogMAR) compared with healthy controls (–0.0047±0.0433 LogMAR). As a whole, gsDVAw scores were worse in UVH compared to the healthy controls when we included the ipsilesional head rotation on both sides gsDVAw (0.0061±0.0421 LogMAR healthy vs. 0.03926±0.0822 LogMAR UVH, p = 0.003). Controlling for age had no effect, the gsDVAw scores of the patients were always worse (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: The gaze shift DVA test can distinguish gaze stability in patients with UVH from healthy controls. This test may be a useful measure of compensation for patients undergoing various therapies for their vestibular hypofunction.
Derealization and motion-perception related to repeated exposure to 3T Magnetic Resonance Image scanner in healthy adults
Authors: Martínez-Gallardo Sergio , Miguel-Puga José A. , Cooper-Bribiesca Davis , Bronstein Adolfo M. , Jáuregui-Renaud Kathrine
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND: Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scanning can induce psychological effects. No studies have investigated the role of magnetic vestibular stimulation (MVS) in 3TMRI scanner-induced psychological reactions. OBJECTIVE: To assess depersonalization/derealization (DD), state anxiety and motion-perception in a 3TMRI scanner, acutely and long-term. PARTICIPANTS: 48 healthcare professionals and students were included, after preliminary rejection of claustrophobes and neuro-otology and psychiatry assessments. PROCEDURES: Participants completed questionnaires on personal habits, dissociation, anxiety/depression and motion sickness susceptibility. Validated DD and state anxiety questionnaires were administered before and after magnetic exposure twice, entering the bore head and feet first in random order, one week apart. During the following week, dizziness/disorientation was reported daily. One month later, 11 subjects repeated the procedure to assess reproducibility. RESULTS: Considerable individual susceptibility was observed, circa 40% of the subjects reported self-motion perception related to the exposure, with variable increase on DD symptoms. Multivariate analysis showed that DD scores after any exposure were influenced by entering the bore “feet first”, motion-perception, and the mean sleep hours/week (MANCOVA, R = 0.58, p = 0.00001). There was no clear effect of scanner exposure on state anxiety, which was related to trait anxiey but not to DD scores. During repeated exposures, about half of all subjects re-entering the scan reported motion-perception, but DD or anxiety symptoms were not consistent. CONCLUSION: Psychological effects during 3TMRI scanning result from multiple, interacting factors, including novelty of the procedure (first-exposure effect), motion-perception due to MVS, head/body orientation, sleeping habits and individual susceptibility. Forewarning subjects of these predisposing factors may increase tolerance to MRI scanning.
Compton-camera-based SPECT for thyroid cancer imaging
Authors: Yu Hengyong , Wang Ge
Published: December 2020

Thyroid cancer is the most common type of endocrine-related cancer and the most common cancer in young women. Currently, single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and computed tomography (CT) are used with radioiodine scintigraphy to evaluate patients with thyroid cancer. The gamma camera for SPECT contains a mechanical collimator that greatly compromises dose efficiency and limits diagnostic sensitivity. Fortunately, the Compton camera is emerging as an ideal approach for mapping the distribution of radiopharmaceuticals inside the thyroid. In this preliminary study, based on the state-of-the-art readout chip Timepix3, we investigate the feasibility of using Compton camera for radiotracer SPECT imaging in thyroid cancer. A thyroid phantom is designed to mimic human neck, the mechanism of Compton camera-based event detection is simulated to generate realistic list-mode data, and a weighted back-projection method is developed to reconstruct the original distribution of the emission source. Study results show that the Compton camera can improve the detection efficiency for two or higher orders of magnitude comparing with the conventional gamma cameras. The thyroid gland regions can be reconstructed from the Compton camera measurements in terms of radiotracer distribution. This makes the Compton-camera-based SPECT imaging a promising modality for future clinical applications with significant benefits for dose reduction, scattering artifact reduction, temporal resolution enhancement, scan throughput increment, and others.
Análise do projeto de Lei das Fake News em perspectiva das eleições
Authors: Gomes Gledson Primo , Vilar Kaiana Coralina do Monte
Published: December 2020

O artigo se propôs à análise sobre inovações legislativas que objetivam o combate e tratamento dos atos ilícitos diante abusos do direito à liberdade de expressão nas redes sociais, considerando em particular, o PL 2.630 de 2020 que tem sido alvo de divergências na opinião pública e nas mídias em busca por soluções para os problemas recorrentes da disseminação de fake news e os seus efeitos negativos na internet para a democracia contemporânea. Todavia, é possível que os efeitos da nova Lei restrinjam o direito à democracia? Para isso, a pesquisa foi elaborada à luz da metodologia dedutiva exploratória, em que se estabeleceu a pesquisa através de artigos e legislações tratadas no contexto eleitoral. Ao final, constata-se a necessidade de alterações na proposta para melhor trato com os direitos fundamentais e possibilidade de debate livre na internet como meio de participação popular pela democracia digital.
ANALISIS PENGARUH DIMENSI PELAYANAN PRIMA TERHADAP KEPUASAN NASABAH TABUNGAN BRI KANTOR CABANG KENDAL
Authors: Syara Ayu Rosefiani , Handayani Jati
Published: December 2020

This study aims to determine the dimensions of service excellence consists of ability, attitude, appearance, attention, action, and accountability toward Customer Satisfaction Savings at PT Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero) Tbk. Branch Office Kendal.

Testing method of data that used in this study was to test the validity, reliability test, normality test, multicoloniarity, test heteroskedastisitas, autocorrelation test, test analysis linear multiple, F test, t test, and test the coefficient of determination (R2) which shows the can used to measure customer satisfaction savings.
Multiple linear regression method yields customer satisfaction equation = -0,937 + 0,346Ability + 0.226Attitude + 0.179Appearance + 0.207Attention + 0,381Action + 0,294Accountability + e. In F test, it is found that the dimensions of service excellence Ability, Attitude, Appearance, Attention, Action, and Accountability simultaneously have significant influence to Customer Satisfaction Savings at PT Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero) Tbk. Branch Office Kendal. The result of t test is influence Ability, Attitude, Appearance, Attention Action, and Accountability have significant influence to Customer Satisfaction Savings at PT Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero) Tbk. Branch Office Kendal.
ANALISIS PENGARUH RASIO LIKUIDITAS, EFISIENSI OPERASI, DAN RASIO SOLVABILITAS TERHADAP KINERJA KEUANGAN PADA PT BANK MAYBANK INDONESIA Tbk PERIODE 2010-2018
Authors: Aprilia Alma , Soebroto Nina Woelan
Published: December 2020

This study aims to analyze the significance of the effect of liquidity ratios, operating efficiency, and solvency ratios both simultaneously and partially on financial performance at PT Bank Maybank Indonesia Tbk. period of 2010-2018. The population in this study is liquidity ratio, operating efficiency, and solvency ratio. The sampling technique using simple random sampling method, obtained samples in this study as many as 3 variables, namely Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR), Operational Costs compared to Operating Income (BOPO), and Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR). The data used in this study are secondary data obtained from published quarterly financial reports. The model of analysis used is Multiple Linear Regression, while the data analysis technique uses F Test, Determination Coefficient (Adjusted R²), and t Test. The results of the analysis and discussions show that the variable Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR), Operational Cost versus Operating Income (BOPO), and Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) simultaneously have significant effects on Return On Assets (ROA) at PT Bank Maybank Indonesia Tbk. the period of 2010-2018. Partially, the Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR) variable has negative and not significant effect on Return On Assets (ROA), while Operational Cost versus Operational Income (BOPO) variables partially have a negative and significant effect on Return On Assets (ROA), as well as variables Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) partially has a negative and significant effect on Return On Assets (ROA) at PT Bank Maybank Indonesia Tbk. the period 2010-2018.
Metabolic Effects of Methanol Extract of Harmal (Peganum Harmal ) in Rats Fed With Normal Diet
Authors:   Department of Basic Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran., Mollashahi Esmail , Kazerani Hamid Reza ,   Department of Basic Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
Published: December 2020

Aims: The research aimed to investigate the effects of harmal (Peganum harmal ) seed extract on the weight and some metabolic parameters. Methods & Materials: Male rats, in groups of 7, received different doses of the methanol extract of harmal seed (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg/d body weight) or placebo via a gastric tube for 42 days. At the end of the experiment, the weights of the body, liver, spleen, and heart, and also the levels of some serum parameters, including glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein, insulin, growth hormone, and thyroid hormones, as well as the composition of the carcass were investigated. Findings: The mean weight gain, food intake, and the serum level of triiodothyronine (T3) significantly declined in the rats receiving the extract at 400 mg/kg. In contrast, the serum level of cholesterol in the group increased (P<0.001). The serum levels of glucose were significantly lower in all experimental groups compared to the control. Furthermore, the groups treated with the methanol extract dose-dependently showed higher serum lactate dehydrogenase levels compared to the control (P<0.05). No significant differences were observed regarding other studied parameters compared with the control group. Conclusion: This research suggests positive effects for harmal extract on some metabolic parameters and weight. At least one of the involved mechanisms seems to be declined appetite and hence decreased feed intake.
A Two-Dimensional Convolutional Neural Network for Brain Tumor Detection From MRI
Authors:   Department of Engineering Intelligence, Faculty of Engineering, Azad University, Ferdows Branch, Ferdows, Iran., Najaf-Zadeh Ayoub
Published: December 2020

Aims: Cancerous brain tumors are among the most dangerous diseases that lower the quality of life of people for many years. Their detection in the early stages paves the way for the proper treatment. The present study aimed to present a two-dimensional Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) for detecting brain tumors under Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) using the deep learning method. Methods & Materials: The proposed method has two stages of feature extraction and classification. A 12-layer CNN was used to extract the features of the MRI images and then the softmax activation function was used to classify these features. The proposed method was applied to a standard database consisting of three brain tumor types of meningioma, glioma, and pituitary. Findings: The proposed method had better performance compared to previously presented methods. Its accuracy was reported as 98.68%. Conclusion: Meningioma, glioma, and pituitary tumors are the most common types of brain tumors. Early detection of these tumors can decrease the risk of death. Because of its fully connected structure, the use of proposed deep CNN can help physicians to correctly detect brain tumors with MRI images.
The Relationship Between Muscle Strength and Range of Motion in Lower Extremity With Balance and Risk of Falling in Elderl
Authors:   Department of Corrective Exercise and Sport Injuries, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Guilan, Guilan, Iran., Zarei Hamed , Norasteh Ali Asghar ,   Department of Corrective Exercise and Sport Injuries, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Guilan, Guilan, Iran., Koohboomi Masoomeh ,   Department of Corrective Exercise and Sport Injuries, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Guilan, Guilan, Iran.
Published: December 2020

Purpose: The present study examined the relationship between muscle strength and range of motion in lower extremity with balance and risk of falling in the elderly. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. The statistical population included healthy elderly (Mean±SD age: 65.64±4.95 y) in Rasht City, Iran. The study was conducted on 65 healthy elderly males who met the study inclusion criteria and were selected by convenience sampling method. In this study, to measure static and dynamic balance, Sharpened Romberg test and Get Up and Go test were conducted, respectively. Additionally, the falling risk was measured by the Berg Balance Scale. Moreover, the maximum isometric force of the muscle groups in the lower extremities was measured using a hand-held dynamometer, and the range of motion was measured by a goniometer. The obtained data were analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistics by SPSS. Results: The present study results demonstrated that the muscle strength of hip extension, hip abduction, hamstring, quadriceps, and ankle plantarflexion had a significant relationship with static balance; while being negatively related to dynamic balance (P≤0.05). Furthermore, we observed a significant and negative relationship between the muscle strength of ankle dorsiflexion and dynamic balance and risk of falling (P≤0.05). There was also a positive and significant relationship between the range of motion hip extension, knee flexion, plantar flexion, and ankle dorsiflexion and static balance, while indicating a negative and significant relationship between these variables and dynamic balance and risk of falling (P≤0.05). Conclusion: The muscle strength hip abduction, hip extensions, hamstring, quadriceps, plantar flexion, ankle dorsiflexion and range of motion hip extension, knee flexion, ankle plantar flexion, and dorsiflexion seem to affect balance maintenance and fall risk in the elderly.
Comparison of Static and Dynamic Postural Stability Between Individuals With and Without Forward Head Posture
Authors:   Department of Sport Injuries and Corrective Exercises, Sport Sciences Research Institute, Tehran, Iran., Abbasi Hamed , Alizadeh Mohammad Hossein ,   Department of Sport Medicine and Health, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Iran., Rajabi Reza ,   Department of Sport Medicine and Health, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Iran., Mohammadi Fariba ,   Department of Sport Injuries and Corrective Exercises, Sport Sciences Research Institute, Tehran, Iran.
Published: December 2020

Purpose: The growing popularity of media devices such as smartphones and computers has made humankind to acquire forward head posture increasingly. This study aimed to compare static and dynamic postural stability between people with and without forward head posture. Methods: 15 male students with normal posture (24±4 years, 173±6 cm and 70±6 kg) and 15 male students with forward head posture (25±3 years, 178±7 cm and 68±5 kg) were selected purposefully according to the Cranio-vertebral angle. Biodex Stability System was evaluated used to measure Static and dynamic postural stability.  Results: The results showed a significant difference between the two groups in dynamic postural stability in both open and closed eyes conditions(P<0.05), whereas no significant difference was observed in static postural stability in both open and closed eyes conditions (P>0.05).  Conclusion: Individuals with forward head posture performed weaker in dynamic postural stability than normal ones, as a result, forward head posture is considered as one of the factors disturbing dynamic postural stability.
Comparing Two Sports Injury Surveillance Systems: A Novel Systematic Approach
Authors:   Department of Sports Injuries and Corrective Exercises, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran., Ebrahimi Varkiani Mojtaba , Alizadeh Mohammad Hossien ,   Department of Sports Injuries and Corrective Exercises, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran., Rajabi Reza ,   Department of Sports Injuries and Corrective Exercises, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran., Minoonejad Hooman ,   Department of Sports Injuries and Corrective Exercises, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
Published: December 2020

Purpose: The present study aimed to compare two sports injury surveillance systems per the sports injury recording system of the sports medicine federation. Methods: A sports injury surveillance system was implemented to collect injury data. Athletic trainers recorded athletes’ sports injuries in soccer, volleyball, handball, taekwondo, and wrestling for 6 months in their user account via a smartphone-based application. The sports recording system routinely collected data alongside the sports injury surveillance system. Finally, the collected results were compared with the federation’s sports injury recording system. Results: Overall, 81 sports injuries were reported to the surveillance system. The incidence rate of 1.39 injuries per 1000 registered athletes was calculated in a sports injury surveillance system. This incidence rate was equal to 0.32 injuries per 1000 athletes registered in the sports injury recording system. Contusion and bruising were the most frequent injuries. However, there was no data on injury type in the sports injury recording system. Fingers and knees were the most commonly reported body parts in the sports injury surveillance system; however, knee and thigh were the most commonly recorded parts in the sports injury recording system. There was also a significant difference between the results of the two systems (P<0.05).  Conclusion: Different implementation and reporting methods as well as having injury definition may affect the results. Employing easy access and user-friendly tools may facilitate injury recording.
Itinerário Terapêutico de Adolescentes e Adultos Jovens com Osteossarcoma
Authors: Fundato Cinthia Tassiro , Petrilli Antonio Sergio , Dias Carla Gonçalves , Gutiérrez Maria Gaby Rivero de
Published: December 2020

Introdução: Vários fatores influenciam na demora para que o paciente com diagnóstico de osteossarcoma seja encaminhado para tratamento a um serviço especializado. Objetivo: Conhecer o itinerário terapêutico de pacientes com osteossarcoma desde os primeiros sinais e sintomas ate serem atendidos em um serviço de saúde especializado. O referencial teórico utilizado foi o modelo de cuidado a saúde proposto por Kleinman, que compreende os subsistemas: profissional, familiar e popular. Método: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, de abordagem mista, realizado no Instituto de Oncologia Pediátrica (IOP), São Paulo. Resultados: Participaram do estudo 16 pacientes, sendo sete do sexo feminino (43,75%) e nove do masculino (56,25%), com idade entre 12 e 23 anos. Os sinais e sintomas: dor, edema e dificuldade de locomoção, apresentados por 43,75% dos pacientes, foram os principais motivadores da procura por atendimento de saúde. O sistema familiar foi o primeiro acionado na busca de solução do problema. Posteriormente, metade dos pacientes (oito), juntamente com a família, procurou um serviço de saúde e os outros 50% realizaram autotratamento. O tempo médio desde o aparecimento dos sinais e sintomas iniciais até a chegada a um serviço especializado foi de seis meses. Conclusão: Foi observada uma forte influência do subsistema familiar na tomada de decisão sobre a escolha do itinerário terapêutico dos pacientes deste estudo. Entretanto, falhas nos diferentes níveis de atenção à saúde contribuíram para o atraso significativo no estabelecimento do diagnóstico.
Development of Entrepreneurial Teaching Materials by Using Project-Based Learning Model in Improving Students' Creativity and Self-Confidence
Authors: Putra Iswidana Utama , Nopriansah Nopriansah , Susanti Melly
Published: December 2020

This development research aimed to produce entrepreneurship teaching materials by using the PjBL method and improving student learning outcomes in running a small handicraft business. The research that was carried out is a development research (research and development) and followed by a quasi experiment (quasi experiment) that collaborates with class teachers. The research stages to be carried out are: (1) the preparation stage, (2) the development stage, (3) the experimental stage, (4) evaluation. At the stage of developing teaching materials using the Plomp model (2010) which includes (1) preliminary research, (2) prototyping phase, and (3) assessment phase. Furthermore, at the application stage a collaborative experiment is carried out in which the learning is carried out in collaboration with the teacher. The subjects of this study were teachers and students from SMA/MA/SMKN in North Bengkulu. In the experimental stage, it was carried out by taking two classes from each school as the experimental class and the control class. The target achievement in this study is the creation of entrepreneurship teaching materials that meet valid and practical criteria and there is an effect of project-based learning teaching materials on students' abilities and self-confidence.
A study on coating with nanoclay on the production of flame retardant cotton fabrics
Authors: KERTMEN Nuriye , DALBAŞI Eylen Sema , KÖRLÜ Ayşegül , ÖZGÜNEY Arif , YAPAR Saadet
Published: December 2020

In this study, flame retardant properties of 100% cotton fabrics were tried to be improved by using commercial nanoclay (Cloisite 20A) which is a clay based montmorillonite. Flame retardancy and thermal decomposition behavior of the samples were characterized by the vertical burning test, limiting oxygen index (LOI), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The surface morphology of untreated and treated fabric was examined using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis was carried out for Cloisite 20A, untreated and coated fabrics. The results of the tests showed that the coating treatment even at low nanoclay concentration is enough to have a considerable flame retardant effect. This result was attributed to the barrier effect of the nanoclay.
Casos confirmados de câncer no colo do útero no Brasil entre os anos de 2010 a 2014
Authors: Farias Rafaela Santos , Facco Lucas , Fecury Amanda Alves , Araújo Maria Helena Mendonça de , Oliveira Euzébio de , Dendasck Carla Viana , Souza Keulle Oliveira da , Dias Claudio Alberto Gellis de Mattos
Published: December 2020

O exame Papanicolau (PCCU) é um exame ginecológico realizado em mulheres, a fim de detectar danos no colo do útero. Alterações podem ser observadas como uma desordem do tecido que o compõe. O objetivo deste trabalho é mostrar casos confirmados de câncer no colo do útero no brasil entre os anos de 2010 a 2014. A pesquisa foi realizada com dados retirados do DATASUS (http://datasus.saude.gov.br). Quando existe um bom desempenho para prevenir uma doença considerada grave, o resultado é satisfatório e eficaz. Através dos resultados obtidos pela análise dos dados entre os anos de 2010 a 2014 respectivamente, conclui-se que ao passar dos anos a procura pela realização do exame aumentou gradativamente, porém alguns aspectos persistiram, como a vergonha de realizar o exame pcc, medo, dores, entre outros. Contudo os resultados mostraram alto índice realização de exames na região sudeste e menor índice na região norte, com baixa divulgação e pouca conscientização para as mulheres da região norte. Portanto a divulgação, conscientização e realização do exame citopatológico é muito importante para a prevenção do câncer do colo uterino, que hoje em dia é a maior causa de mortalidade entre as mulheres brasileiras
The Impact of Low Traffic Neighbourhoods and Other Active Travel Interventions on Vehicle Ownership: Findings from the Outer London Mini-Holland Programme
Authors: Goodman Anna , Urban Scott , Aldred Rachel
Published: December 2020

We use vehicle registration data to examine whether active travel interventions in Outer London between 2015-2019 affected motor vehicle ownership, compared to other neighbourhoods. We find statistically significant reductions in car/van ownership in areas introducing ‘low traffic neighbourhoods’ (-6%, or 23 cars/vans per 1000 adults, after two years). We also find statistically significant but smaller reductions in areas introducing other infrastructure such as cycle tracks (-2%, or 7 cars/vans per 1000 adults, after 2 years). These effects increased after adjusting for the changing age profile of the intervention areas. Our findings indicate that active travel interventions can reduce motor-vehicle ownership, particularly interventions involving low traffic neighbourhoods.
Rola komunikacji korporacyjnej w Polsce
Authors: Kończak Jarosław
Published: December 2020

Artykuł stanowi podsumowanie badania „Rola komunikacji korporacyjnej” przeprowadzonego przez agencję Public Dialog przy współpracy z autorem artykułu w 2016 roku. Oprócz charakterystyki komunikacji korporacyjnej, jej celów i roli, jaką pełni w przedsiębiorstwach, pokazano stojące przed nią wyzwania i trendy. Skoncentrowano się również na znaczeniu interesariuszy oraz kluczowych obszarów wspierających komunikację. Opisano narzędzia komunikacji najistotniejsze z punktu widzenia komunikacji korporacyjnej, pomiary jej efektywności oraz kanały komunikacyjne, które mają i będą miały największe znaczenie w przyszłości.
Wybrane aspekty poznawcze i emocjonalne socjotechniki mediów
Authors: Bartoszewicz Mateusz
Published: December 2020

Artykuł stanowi próbę odpowiedzi na pytanie, jakie emocjonalne i poznawcze czynniki wywierają wpływ na zdolności analityczne i percepcyjne człowieka w kontekście socjotechnicznego wpływu mediów. Autor w eklektyczny sposób odnosi się do wybranych modeli, teorii i perspektyw dotyczących mechanizmów ludzkiego myślenia, emocji i dokonywanych wyborów. Analizie zostają poddane dwa tryby działania umysłu, automatyzmy myślenia, heurystyki oceniania, błędy poznawcze oraz wpływ emocji na percepcję.
Organizing thematic search in open archive system
Authors: Zaitseva E. M.
Published: December 2020

Problems of search organization in open archive system are specified and analyzed. The experience of thematic search in digital resources is generalized. The approaches to organizing open archive search interface oriented toward untrained and trained users are characterized. The pros and cons of single search window are discussed. Vectors to improve search instruments and performance are defined. The rubricator version to support thematic search adaptation is proposed. The choice of UDC as the rubricator foundation is substantiated provided that its correspondence with the State Rubricator of Scitech information and Library Bibliographic Classification is set up. The fragment of the suggested rubricator is given as an example. The main purpose of the analysis is to summarize on the problems related to thematic search and to propose approaches to design optimum close-knit rubricator, and to identify its application possibilities.
Open access to the digital future
Authors: Sokolov A. V.
Published: December 2020

Review of the monograph: Vakhrushev M. V. Open access: History, current status and way to open science / M. V. Vakhrushev, M. V. Goncharov, I. I. Zasursky, A. I. Zemskov, K. A. Kolosov, I. I. Mikhailenko, N. D. Trishchenko, Ya. L. Shrayberg; under general and scientific editorship of Yakov L. Shrayberg. – St. Petersburg : Lan, 2020. – 168 p. – ISBN 978-5-8114-5034-3.The contents of the monograph are discussed; its significance is critically evaluated as a creative work and science product of RNPLS&T’s team.
Examining the Invariance of a Measurement Model by Using the Covariance Structure Approach
Authors: Tan Şeref , PEKTAŞ Sami
Published: December 2020

The primary aim of the present study is to examine the measurement invariance of the structural equating model constructed on the numerical and verbal abilities test for sixth grade students across gender, amount of weekly pocket money and students’ perceptions of the sufficiency of their pocket money. The secondary aim is to illustrate the use of the IBM AMOS-24 software package step by step with examples to address invariance using the covariance structural analysis approach. The research data were collected from 2304 sixth grade students enrolled in public schools within the Keçiören and Pursaklar suburbs in Ankara. The covariance structures analysis approach was employed during the examination of the measurement model invariance. The study revealed that invariance was achieved in terms of configural, measurement (in both measurement weights and measurement residuals) and structural invariance with respect to all subgroups.
Comment on “The long life of unicorns”
Authors: Fadeel Bengt
Published: December 2020

In a recent paper, Erden and Lévy discuss how misconceptions may persist in the scientific literature; the authors refer to these misconstrued ideas as “unicorns” (i.e., mythical creatures with no basis in reality). However, there are some instances when the science may be sound, but where the prevailing paradigm overshadows critical thinking. Paradigms may be useful, but we should not mistake currently prevailing scientific paradigms for the “truth.” Instead, our experimental observations should guide us.
DATA, INFORMATION AND IT SECURITY - SOFTWARE SUPPORT FOR SECURITY ACTIVITIES
Authors: Michelberger Pál , Kemendi Ágnes
Published: December 2020

Data protection, information and IT security became number one priorities in these fast- paced days that top management needs to focus on. A number of IT solutions have been developed on the market to address the security challenges that require prompt actions. These solutions contribute to a control environment that is robust and stand the potential threats. This research describes the framework of governance, risk and compliance and provides an integrated, holistic approach which helps to increase process performance and to ensure that the organization follows its own rules, risk appetite, and complies with external regulations. These systems fulfil a core role in the enterprise’s defense system. This research reviews the features of security packages relevant to IT GRC and provides an overview of the security elements and describes their main characteristics. This review covers the configuration database related to the enterprise business model; the business impact analysis; the risk management-, governance and compliance functions; the data security; the data protection and GDPR; the business continuity management; the network -, IoT - and industrial control system safety, the access - and log management. Embedding these solutions to the business and operations processes strengthens the response of an organization to the various risks and requirements that it faces and reduces the likelihood of major non-compliance or security gaps. Keywords: data protection, GRC software solutions, information security
THE INNOVATIVE INDUSTRIAL СLUSTER CONCEPT OF REGIONAL MANAGEMENT FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIOECONOMIC SYSTEMS
Authors: Panarina Ekaterina
Published: December 2020

The focus on the relationship between sustainable development, regionalism and clusterisation of economy formed a scientific interest of the present paper. Based on a questionnaire filled in by a sample of managers from 3 cluster-oriented regions of Russia, the perception of business strengths and weaknesses and the assessment of the external environment were investigated and paralleled with the main causes for the success of clusters or underutilization of the clusters integrated benefits. The efficiency of a region’s cluster-type development was linked to optimization of resources potential and national industrial complex enlargement, growth of market infrastructure, recruiting qualified personnel, attracting small and medium-size innovative businesses, and collaborative engagement of all entities participating in the strategic alliance within a cluster. The purpose of this research was to identify key factors of successful clustering of an economy based on experience of foreign clusters and leading clusters of the Russian economy, and to stimulate the influence of innovative clusters on regional social-economic development in Russia. The research methodology is based on the cluster concept of regional management and numerous case-studies that describe the cases of high-tech clusters nationally and internationally. Conclusions of the study give a plausible picture of the level of development, interrelated with the quality of business strategies in the measured regions, and ask for a comparative analysis of more Russian regions. The present study contributes to the government body of regional management to approach sustainable development of social-economic systems and increasing entrepreneurial activity in the regions of the Russian Federation. Keywords: cluster efficiency, cluster strategy, economic competitiveness, innovation economy, innovative industrial cluster, national innovation systems, regional development, clustering success factors
Avaliação dos sintomas de estresse e qualidade de vida dos estudantes de medicina do alto sertão paraibano
Authors: Leite Jéssica Tavares Santos , Leite Olavo Duarte , Rodrigues Jefferson Washington de Souza , Mendes Viviane Linard , Moreira Ana Flávia Cavalcante Menezes , Costa Neto Arlindo Félix da , Xerez Mariana Carvalho , Pinheiro Juliana Campos , Paiva Daniel Felipe Fernandes , Carolino Rodolfo de Abreu
Published: December 2020

Objetivo: Correlacionar qualidade de vida, percepção de estresse e aspectos sociodemográficos dos estudantes de Medicina. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo de caráter epidemiológico, descritivo, transversal, analítico e quantitativo. A pesquisa foi realizada na Faculdade Santa Maria, no município de Cajazeiras - PB. A população amostral foi constituída por estudantes do curso de Medicina, regulamente matriculados no período de 2019.1, excluindo-se repetentes, faltosos e com direito a licença maternidade. Foram aplicados questionários em sala com as seguintes bases: questionário sociodemográfico, Escala de Estresse Percebido (PSS-14) e o instrumento WHOQOL-bref, para avaliação da qualidade de vida. Resultados: Analisando a qualidade de vida e o estresse ocupacional estudados, obtivemos um total de 90 entrevistados. Em sua maioria do sexo masculino e com um alto poder aquisitivo, em concordância com o histórico tradicional da formação médica. No tangente a qualidade de vida observamos que os homens apresentam parâmetros melhores em relação aos domínios físico e psicológico e que esse fato guarda correlação direta com a prática de atividades físicas. Outra correlação importante foi a de que estudantes que dormem mal tem uma pior qualidade de vida. A respeito da percepção de estresse 45,6% dos acadêmicos de medicina apresentavam um nível médio de percepção de estresse. Conclusão: Os acadêmicos de medicina possuem suscetibilidade ao desenvolvimento patológico de estresse e rotinas de exercício físico, bem como tentativas pedagógicas de amenizar a cobrança intensiva podem auxiliar na formação desses profissionais.
Acute and Chronic Effects of Resistance Exercise on the Testosterone and Cortisol Responses in Obese Males: a Systematic Review
Authors: O’LEARY C. B. , HACKNEY A. C.
Published: December 2020

The biosynthesis and metabolism of testosterone and cortisol are altered by the high levels of adipose tissue and the constant state of low-grade inflammation of obesity. Resistance exercise (REx) has become one of the main lifestyle interventions prescribed to obese individuals due to its ability to positively influence body composition and some biomarkers, such as cholesterol and insulin resistance. Yet, little research has been done in obese examining the effects of REx on the testosterone and blood cortisol responses, two integral hormones in both exercise and obesity. The obese testosterone response to REx and whether or not it is blunted compared to lean individuals remains elusive. Conflicting findings concerning the blood cortisol response have also been reported, likely due to variance in REx protocol and the level of obesity in the participants in studies. Comparatively, both of these hormones have been extremely well studied in untrained lean males, which could be used as a basis for future research in obese males. However, without this endocrinological information, it is unknown if the current acute REx prescriptions are appropriate for eliciting a favorable acute endocrinological response, and ultimately, a positive chronic adaptation in obese males.
Sarcopenia: Monitoring, Molecular Mechanisms, and Physical Intervention
Authors: ZEMBROŃ-ŁACNY A. , DZIUBEK W. , ROGOWSKI Ł. , SKORUPKA E. , DĄBROWSKA G.
Published: December 2020

According to European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) sarcopenia includes both a loss of muscle strength and a decline in functional quality in addition to the loss of muscle protein mass. In order to develop strategies to prevent and treat sarcopenia, the risk factors and causes of sarcopenia must be identified. Age-related muscle loss is characterized by the contribution of multiple factors, and there is growing evidence for a prominent role of low-grade chronic inflammation in sarcopenia. The elderly who are less physically active are more likely to have lower skeletal muscle mass and strength and are at increased risk of developing sarcopenia. Resistance training added to aerobic exercise or high-intensity interval training promote numerous changes in skeletal muscle, many of which may help to prevent or reverse sarcopenia. In this review, we provided current information on definition and monitoring, molecular mechanisms, and physical intervention to counteract sarcopenia.
Flow Cytometric Method for Estimation of 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine Content in Rat Serum
Authors: MIKEŠ J. , ŠEVC J. , KOŠUTH J. , MATIAŠOVÁ A. , DAXNEROVÁ Z. , FEDOROČKO P.
Published: December 2020

Labelling of DNA in replicating cells using 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine (BrdU) is widely used, however the rapid clearance and metabolisation of BrdU in the living organism is a critical issue. Although the pharmacokinetic of BrdU in experimental animals is empirically approximated, the exact time-curve remains unknown. Here we present novel method for estimation of the BrdU content in the blood serum. The application is based on the in vitro cocultivation of tumour cells with the examined serum and the subsequent quantification of the incorporated BrdU in the DNA using flow cytometry analysis. Our results demonstrate that this approach can quantify the BrdU concentration in serum at 1 µmol.dm-3 and might represent an attractive alternative to conventional chromatographic analysis. The employment of tumour cells as “detectors” of the BrdU content in serum provides an advantage over high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC), as this approach allows us to approximate not only the concentration of BrdU, but also to determine, whether BrdU is present in the blood serum in effective concentration to reliable label all cells undergoing the S-phase of the cell cycle. The presented application might be a helpful tool for studies on pharmacokinetics of BrdU or other thymidine analogues when testing various administration routes or protocols.
The Interaction of Quaternary Reversible Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors With the Nicotinic Receptor
Authors: SEPSOVA V. , KRUSEK J. , ZDAROVA KARASOVA J. , ZEMEK F. , MUSILEK K. , KUCA K. , SOUKUP O.
Published: December 2020

Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs) are used in the treatment of myasthenia gravis (MG). We investigated the effects of AChEIs on peripheral nicotinic receptors (nAChR), which play a crucial role in the treatment of MG symptoms. The positive modulation of those receptors by AChE inhibitors could have an added value to the anti-AChE activity and might be useful in the therapy of MG. Furthermore, to estimate the potential drawbacks of the compounds, cytotoxicity has been assessed on various cell lines. The whole-cell mode of the patch-clamp method was employed. The experiments were performed on medulloblastoma/rhabdomyosarcoma cell line TE671 expressing human embryonic muscle-like receptor with subunits α2βγδ. The effect of the compounds on cell viability was measured by standard MTT assay (Sigma Aldrich) on ACHN (renal cell adenocarcinoma), HeLa (immortal cell line derived from a cervical carcinoma), HEPG2 (hepatocellular carcinoma) and BJ (skin fibroblasts) cell lines. No positive modulation by the tested AChE inhibitors was observed. Moreover, the compounds exhibited antagonistic activity on the peripheral nAChR. Standard drugs used in MG treatment were shown to be less potent inhibitors of muscle-type nAChR than the newly synthesized compounds. The new compounds showed very little effect on cell viability, and toxicities were comparable to standards. Newly synthesized AChEIs inhibited peripheral nAChR. Furthermore, the inhibition was higher than that of standards used for the treatment of MG. They could be used for the study of nAChR function, thanks to their high antagonizing potency and fast recovery of receptor activity after their removal. However, since no positive modulation was observed, the new compounds do not seem to be promising candidates for MG treatment, even though their cytotoxic effect was relatively low.
Biomarkers of Cardiometabolic Risk in Obese/Overweight Children: Effect of Lifestyle Intervention
Authors: VRABLÍK M. , DOBIÁŠOVÁ M. , ZLATOHLÁVEK L. , URBANOVÁ Z. , ČEŠKA R.
Published: December 2020

Obesity is a strong cardiometabolic (CM) risk factor in children. We tested potential CM risk in obese/overweight children and the effect of an intensive lifestyle intervention using newer CM markers: atherogenic index of plasma AIP [Log(TG/HDL-C)], apoB/apoAI ratio and a marker of insulin resistance HOMA-IR. The participants (194 girls, 115 boys, average age 13) were enrolled in an intensive, one-month, inpatient weight reduction program. The program consisted of individualised dietary changes and the exercise program comprised aerobic and resistance training. Anthropometrical and biochemical parameters in plasma and CM risk biomarkers – (AIP, apoB/apoAI ratio and HOMA-IR) were examined before and after the intervention. AIP and HOMA-IR significantly correlated with BMI while apoB/apoAI ratio did not. Only AIP and HOMA-IR showed systematic increases according to the level of obesity by BMI quartiles. Lifestyle intervention significantly improved anthropometrical and biochemical values and the biomarkers too. The response of lipid parameters to the intervention was considerably higher in boys than in girls. The children were stratified into three risk categories according to AIP, where 13.8 % of boys and 5.3 % of girls fell into high risk category. The monitored biomarkers may complement each other in the prognosis of CM risk. AIP was strongly related to obesity and to lipid and glycid metabolism, while the relationship of the apoB/apoAI ratio to obesity and glycid metabolism was not significant. The obese children benefited from the intensive lifestyle intervention which improved the anthropometrical and biochemical parameters and CM risk biomarkers.
The Evolution and Future Direction of The Cardiac Biomarker
Authors: McDonaugh Benedict , Whyte Martin
Published: December 2020

A biomarker is any measurement taken that aims to improve a diagnosis, or predict the response, to treatment of disease. Although not limited to laboratory molecular markers, this variety have attracted the most interest and seen the greatest development in recent years. The field of cardiology was an early adopter of biomarkers, with transaminases having been used for the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction since the 1970s. The use of biomarkers has become increasingly prevalent since then and provided ever more sensitive means to diagnose myocardial cell injury or heart failure. However, diagnosis of disease at an increasingly earlier stage leads to blurring of the line between health and disease and we may be reaching the limits of early detection. Biomarkers may evolve to provide a greater understanding of the pathogenesis of cardiac disease, and by extension, the differentiation of disease subtypes. This article will review the evolution of cardiovascular biomarkers, the advantages and pitfalls associated with their use, as well as the future direction of cardiac biomarker research.
Ludovic McLellan Mann's place in the history of prehistoric metrology
Authors: Henty Liz
Published: December 2020

Megalithic metrology, the notion that Neolithic monument builders employed a standard unit of measurement when setting out stone circles, has a long history. William Stukeley was the first to suggest that this standard unit was the druid cubit. He may have drawn on Isaac Newton's 1728 description of the temple of Abydos, which noted that the layout utilised cubits in the design, though the druid cubit was Stukeley's invention. This idea of a standard universal measure seemingly lay dormant for over a century until Edward Duke, Charles Piazzi Smyth and Sir William Flinders Petrie proposed other metrological systems. The subject was taken up again in 1930 when Ludovic McLellan Mann wrote a pamphlet entitled Craftsmen's Measures in Prehistoric Times in which he detailed new measures; the ‘alpha unit’ (0.619 inches) and the ‘beta unit’ (0.55 inches). A special committee formed from members of the Glasgow Archaeological Society and the Glasgow University Geological Society resoundingly disagreed, but Mann found approval from outside the archaeological community when his ideas were taken up by Major F C Tyler, who used them to elaborate on his own version of the lengths of Alfred Watkins’ old straight tracks. More famously, Alexander Thom made megalithic metrology, (the megalithic rod, yard, foot, and inch) an essential part of his thesis, ideas which received an esoteric twist in the New Age writings of John Michell. Was this an original discovery or was Thom influenced by Mann and others before him?