bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Repetitive Modified Epley’s manoeuvre in single sitting vs. thrice daily In Refractory Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo.
Authors: Amer Sabih Hydri  , Sana Muhammad Sadiq  , Ghulam Fareed  , Furqan Mirza  , Junaid Hussain  , Muhammad Imran Malik
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) was recognized by Robert Barany in 1921. It is the commonest cause of peripheral vertigo presenting to vertigo clinics. Among several treatment modalities, Epley manoeuvre carries a 90.7-96% cure rate. The modified Epley manoeuvre, a more convenient version and when conducted in the office by a skilled clinician, carries a greater chance of rapid recovery. It may be self-performed at home with a layman assistant.

Objective: To compare the efficacy of modified Epley’s manoeuvre performed thrice daily with repetitive single sitting, till resolution of symptoms, in posterior canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) patients.

Methodology: This prospective comparative clinical study was conducted at Niazi welfare foundation teaching hospital, Sargodha from 1st February 2022 to 31st July 2022. 86 patients with refractory unilateral BPPV were included in the study and divided into two groups. Group A (n=44) patients had modified Epley manoeuvre performed repeatedly at intervals in a single sitting till the resolution of nystagmus. For group B (n=42) patients, Modified Epley manoeuvre was performed once in the clinic, followed by thrice daily manoeuvre done at home till the resolution of symptoms. The time to recovery, the improvement in vertigo (no nystagmus) after a week and recurrence rate among the two groups were evaluated.

Result: For group A, 61.36% (n=27) patients became symptom-free after 2 attempts, while 100% (n=44) got relief after 5 attempts. For group B the earliest response was seen in 4 patients (9.52%) after 2 days (6 attempts) while 100% improvement (n=42) was seen after 4 days (12 attempts).

Conclusion: Repeated modified Epley’s manoeuvre in a single sitting promptly reliev vertigo compared to thrice daily manoeuvres.

Keywords: Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, Nystagmus, Dix-Hallpike manoeuvre, Particle repositioning manoeuvre, Canalith, Modified Epley manoeuvre.
Frequency of BCG vaccination among children with pulmonary tuberculosis at a tertiary care hospital.
Authors: Hafsa Farooq  , Hamna Khan  , Nimra Akhtar
Published: January 2024

Introduction: There are more instances of tuberculosis in children than the World Health Organization predicts. Most TB cases (95%) are found in low-income nations. Neonate BCG immunization is recommended by the WHO in countries with a "high prevalence" of tuberculosis.Objective: To determine the frequency of BCG vaccination in children diagnosed with pulmonary Tuberculosis at a tertiary care hospital.Methodology: From June 2019 to December 2019, researchers examined the prevalence of pulmonary TB in children aged 2-12 using a cross-sectional descriptive research design. Pulmonary TB was diagnosed in 273 people who had a cough and fever for more than 2 weeks and had a PPA score of 7 or above on the Pakistan Pe-diatric Association (PPA) grading table. Patients were checked for BCG immunization status. The analysis of the data performed using SPSS version 23.Results: Patients from rural regions contributed 68.86%, while those from metro-politan areas made up 33.14. Contact with tuberculosis patients was reported by 17.22% of patients.74.3% of kids got the BCG shot.Conclusion: BCG is the sole effective method of preventing tuberculosis in children and young adults. Children who received the BCG vaccine had a 74.36% increased risk of developing TB in the lungs, according to the current study.Keywords: BCG vaccine, pulmonary tuberculosis, vaccine efficacy.
Nilai-Nilai Pendidikan Karakter Dalam Novel Hafalan Shalat Delisa Karya Tere Liye
Authors: Yefrizon
Published: January 2024

Sekolah sangat berperan untuk menciptakan peserta didik sebagai sosok yang pandai. Akan tetapi, kenyataan menunjukkan bahwa sekolah tidak mampu membentuk karakter peserta didik secara utuh. Untuk itu, pembelajaran sastra (novel) di sekolah dapat menjadi media dalam pembentukan karakter peserta didik. Tujuan penelitian untuk mendeskripsikan bentuk nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter dalam novel Hafalan Shalat Delisa karya Tere Liye. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif. Sumber data adalah novel Hafalan Shalat Delisa karya Tere Liye. Data dalam penelitian ini adalah klausa, kalimat, dan paragraf yang mengandung nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter. Teknik pengumpulan data adalah teknik dokumen. Teknik keabsahan data menggunakan teknik triangulasi sumber dan teori. Analisis data menggunakan teknik reduksi data, penyajian data, dan menarik kesimpulan. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh bentuk nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter dalam novel Hafalan Shalat Delisa karya Tere Liye, yaitu (1) religius sebanyak lima data, (2) kerja keras sebanyak enam data, (3) rasa ingin tahu sebanyak tujuh data, (4) gemar membaca sebanyak lima data, (5) disiplin sebanyak dua data, (6) toleransi sebanyak tiga data, (7) bersahabat/komunikatif sebanyak enam data, (8) mengargai prestasi sebanyak dua data, (9) kreatif sebanyak lima data, (10) jujur sebanyak lima data, (11) cinta damai sebanyak dua data, (12) peduli sosial sebanyak delapan data, (13) tanggung jawab sebanyak empat data, (14) semangat kebangsaan sebanyak satu data, (15) mandiri sebanyak dua data, dan (16) peduli lingkungan sebanyak dua data.
Implementation of Contextual Teaching and Learning Based Physics Module on Newton's Law Material to Improve Critical Thinking Skills of Class X Students
Authors: Heri Agusti Resiana , Nasir M , Islami Nur
Published: January 2024

This research consisted of two stages, namely the first stage of developing a CTL-based Physics module using Research and Development, through the ADDIE model approach, and the second stage of experimentation at MA Al-Ihsan Boarding School Riau. The experimental stage is to see the effect of using the developed module on improving students' critical thinking skills. The assessment of students' critical thinking skills used pretest and posttest critical thinking skills questions. Data analysis used SPSS Statistics 24 Software. The results of the module development research showed that the feasibility value by experts was 0.879 in the valid category. This shows that the CTL-based modules produced in this study are considered feasible to be used in learning Newton's Law material. The results of the experimental phase research show that there is a significant effect of the use of CTL-based modules on students' critical thinking skills. In the experimental class, critical thinking before treatment was 43.35, the low category increased to 84 good categories after treatment. Whereas in the control class critical thinking before treatment 39.4 low categories increased to 74 good categories after treatment. This means that the experimental class has further increased its critical thinking compared to the control class. The conclusion of this study is that the CTL-based Physics module on Newton's Law material is valid and the use of the developed module can improve students' critical thinking.
Tracing the Royal, Romantic and Demonic Roots of the Nio Warrior Guardian
Authors: Norris Jennifer
Published: January 2024

The Nio (or Kongo Rikishi 金剛力士) door guardian or dvarapala symbolic figures that guard the famed Todaiji Temple of Nara, trace an ancient history from primitive roots in the narrative figure of the Vajrapani, attendant of the Buddha Shakyamuni across Asia, and even further back. The origins of this figure remain relatively vaguely defined in comparison to the intrigue caused by contemporary and medieval applications of the figure, and this research clarifies some apparent historic connections evidenced through visual symbolism to connect the vajrapani to royalty through the vajra, through dvarapala positioning, associations with the vajra and other aesthetic traits. The study suggests a possible transformation from the channavira, a decorative chain associated with fertility, depicted in early versions of the vajrapani, with the evolved, inhuman musculature of the more modern Nio guardian figures. This study then branches from Grunwedel’s association of the vajrapani with Mara by positing a possible aesthetic connection between early depictions of Mara’s army (tempters through which the Buddha has to pass in order to achieve enlightenment) and the Nio through channavira symbolism, mudras, positioning and body postures of predominantly the Sanchi Stupa. The Nio figures, while seemingly outlying icons of Mahayana Buddhism, have found resounding significance in modern and historic martial societies and religious orders. Clarifying their branching ancestry from the earliest vajra bearers, along with their cultural and historic significance will inform a modern understanding of their symbolic value, and the cultural understandings of existential circumstances that they confer.
Geology and geochemistry of the only independent tellurium deposit in the world
Authors: Yin Jianzhao , Yin Haoyu , Chao Yuhong , Xiang Shoupu , Shi Hongyun
Published: January 2024

The article discusses both the regional and deposit geology including structure, strata, and igneous rocks, as well as the ore body and alteration of Dashuigou tellurium deposit at the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the only independent tellurium deposit in the world. There are over 30 minerals that make up the deposit‘s ore, including carbonates, silicates, oxides, sulfides including various tellurides and native element minerals. Euhedral, semi-euhedral, xenomorphic granular, metasomatic, metasomatic graphic, reaction rim, and solid solution separation are the main ore texture; while massive, vein/veinlet, stockwork, dissemination, breccia, and bird‘s-eye are the major ore structure of the deposit. Based on the ore structure, this deposit‘s ore can be divided into three categories: massive, veinlet-stockwork, and disseminated. The ores are further divided into eight subcategories in total based on the proportions of tellurium minerals, other sulfides, dolomite, quartz, and muscovite in it. Both geology and K-Ar isotope dating have confirmed that the pyritic (pyrrhotite + pyrite) vein and telluride vein are products of two different geological events that are far apart. The tellurium grade in the ores varies between 0.01% and 34.58%. All ores in this deposit are primary sulfide ores that have not been transformed by oxidation or weathering. Two paragenetic stages; namely, the pyritic stage and tellurium stage consisting of five sub-stages in total exist in the deposit. According to Laznicka‘s idea, the deposit‘s tonnage accumulation indices indicate that it is a super-large independent tellurium deposit.
Review of gold cyanide leaching and the main factors affecting gold dissolution rate
Authors: Shi Alice
Published: January 2024

This paper reviews the cyanide leaching technology and the influential parameters affecting the cyanidation process. In general, the factors influencing the degree of cyanide leaching of gold include particle size, NaCN concentration, the level of dissolved oxygen, pH, pulp density, and leaching time. Each of these parameters plays a significant role in gold cyanidation, and should be optimized respectively by conducting laboratory testing prior to production application.
Use ChatGPT to maximize everyday efficiency
Authors: Shi Deliang
Published: January 2024

The advent of advanced artificial intelligence systems, exemplified by OpenAI's ChatGPT, has ushered in a new era of technological capability and convenience in everyday life. This paper delves into the multifaceted applications of ChatGPT, aiming to understand and illustrate its profound impact on daily activities. Through a comprehensive demonstration of prompts on various use cases, we explore how ChatGPT can enhance personal and professional efficiency, aid in educational pursuits, and offer support in creative endeavors. By providing empirical examples, this study highlights the transformative potential of ChatGPT in simplifying and optimizing everyday tasks, ultimately showcasing its role as a pivotal tool in the modern digital landscape. This research aims to contribute to a better understanding of AI's practical applications in daily life and to inspire further exploration into the capabilities and future advancements of AI tools like ChatGPT.
Approach to the working environment through the implementation of agile methodology for effective team management in a university context
Authors: Castaño Urueña Raúl , Yela Aránega Alba , Del Val Núñez María Teresa
Published: January 2024

Objective: The main aim is to combine two methodologies, case studies and agile methodologies, in order to see how it influences team management acquiring knowledge on conflict resolution to achieve a higher degree of employability and approach to the working environment.
Methodology: During the 2021–2022 and 2022–2023, agile methodology was introduced for the first time in the subject “Talent Management and Development” at University of Alcalá to solve business cases focused on everyday problems that arise in company departments for a sample of a total of 52 young professionals. A questionnaire comprising a total of 16 variables was developed. Smart PLS 4.0 was used to analyse the sample results.
Results: As results, we evaluated the impact and non-impact factors on the dependent variable “closer vision to the world of work”, through two mediating variables, “usefulness to better understand the syllabus” and “achievement of objectives”. In addition, it was identified that the participants were receptive to the new methodology.
Practical implications: The agile methodology is offered as a means to develop key competences and bring the business world closer to the university classroom. On the academic side, this study can help teachers to assess the transversal competences.
Originality: It is a new tool implemented among undergraduate students. It is also a new concept that is widely used in business environments and which is useful for students to get to know it and begin to internalize it in their way of working and team building.
CA et information climatique au Canada : attention au risque juridique !
Authors: Geelhand de Merxem Loïc
Published: January 2024

Face à la problématique du changement climatique, l’administrateur canadien est encore à la traîne. Même si la problématique est de plus en plus prise en compte par les entreprises, les devoirs fiduciaires et d’information de l’administrateur peuvent constituer un véritable levier d’action pour les investisseurs et actionnaires soucieux du risque que le changement climatique fait peser sur l’entreprise. Pour y faire face, plusieurs mécanismes existent et permettraient aux administrateurs de commencer à rattraper leur retard… avant que le droit ne les oblige !
Projet de loi S-211 sur la lutte contre le travail forcé et le travail des enfants dans
les chaînes d’approvisionnement : de la théorie à la réalité
Authors: Miville-Dechêne Julie , Lussier Jérôme
Published: January 2024

Cet article décrit le contexte ayant conduit au dépôt du projet de loi S-211, de
même que les étapes ayant mené à son passage par le Sénat, puis son examen à la Chambre des
communes. Le projet de loi S-211 propose un cadre de divulgation obligatoire des risques,
des processus d’examen et des mécanismes de remédiation du travail forcé ou du travail des
enfants dans les chaînes d’approvisionnement des entreprises canadiennes d’une certaine
taille. Il s’inscrit globalement dans le cadre du mouvement ESG, qui vise à aligner
l’activité économique sur le progrès social et environnemental. La loi propose une approche
de transparence, sur le modèle des lois britannique et australienne, et constitue un premier
pas dans la lutte au travail forcé et au travail des enfants.
Le climat et le droit français des sociétés : une question d’engagement(s) ?
Authors: Zolomian Matthieu
Published: January 2024

La question environnementale n’était pas, initialement, une thématique sur laquelle devaient s’impliquer les sociétés. Pour autant, l’urgence climatique et la modification des mentalités quant au rôle que pourraient jouer les sociétés commerciales conduit à ce qu’elles prennent en considération la question environnementale. Initialement simple possibilité, les modifications récentes du droit des sociétés en France ont abouti à ce que les sociétés commerciales doivent s’engager, aux côtés de l’État et de la société lato sensu, dans la lutte contre le réchauffement climatique et pour la préservation de l’environnement. Ainsi, en dépit des textes de droit commun imposant des obligations environnementales peu applicables aux sociétés commerciales, celles-ci font de plus en plus l’objet de textes spéciaux leur imposant de prendre en compte la thématique environnementale et climatique dans leur politique, et d’en présenter les résultats. Pour autant, le droit positif présente quelques imperfections qui ont vocation à être complétées par des projets unioniste et professionnels. Des propositions de directive concernant la diffusion d’informations en matière de durabilité et imposant un devoir de vigilance en matière européenne vont resserrer l’étau sur certaines sociétés en matière climatique. En outre, un rapport publié par Paris Europlace recommande aux assureurs, établissements de crédits et autres gérants de fonds de mieux prendre en compte la question climatique dans leurs actions afin de respecter les objectifs de l’Accord de Paris de 2015.
Présentation du projet de loi S-243
Authors: Galvez Rosa
Published: January 2024

Les changements climatiques posent un risque pour le système financier dans son ensemble et, par conséquent, pour la stabilité financière du Canada. Parallèlement, les investissements risqués des institutions financières alimentent la crise climatique. Ce texte explore cette double matérialité dans le contexte canadien et identifie les lacunes actuelles du système financier canadien en matière de finance durable. Le projet de loi S-243, Loi sur la finance alignée sur le climat, introduit au Sénat du Canada en 2022 par l’honorable Rosa Galvez, offre un cadre législatif pour aligner les activités des institutions financières fédérales sur les engagements climatiques du Canada et combler les lacunes du système financier canadien.
L’encadrement normatif des habitudes numériques des enfants à l’ère des
métavers
Authors: Meeùs Sébastien
Published: January 2024

Les enfants sont les acteurs du monde de demain. Une attention particulière doit
être apportée à leur développement émotionnel, intellectuel et social au moment où la
société subit une transformation numérique matérialisée par les projets de métavers qui
visent à dupliquer le monde dans une pluralité de versions virtuelles. Derrière cette
appellation, des projets bien réels à différents stades d’avancement et parfois
spécifiquement destinés aux enfants. En tant que personnes vulnérables, ceux-ci devraient
bénéficier d’un régime de protection accru dans ce nouvel environnement connecté, car les
risques de prédation sont bien réels dans le monde virtuel et certains services numériques
sont spécialement conçus pour provoquer des addictions, qu’importe l’âge de l’utilisateur.
Plus généralement, les influences sont légion, et peuvent également toucher les parents dans
l’émergence de nouveaux phénomènes tels que le surpartage et la surprotection
parentale.

Face à ces nouveaux enjeux, il existe différents acteurs pouvant influer sur
l’encadrement des habitudes numériques d’un enfant : les parents bien entendu, mais
également les entreprises et l’État. De ce processus d’établissement de règles et de normes,
les enfants ont la particularité d’y être étrangers alors qu’ils en sont pourtant la cible.
Au-delà de leur contenu, c’est bien la répartition des acteurs dans l’établissement ainsi
que l’application des règles et des normes qui posent aujourd’hui la grande question de cet
article. L’immixtion de la technologie dans cette relation engendre des effets néfastes avec
des entreprises prenant à la fois la place de l’autorité parentale dans l’établissement ou
le contrôle de l’application de règles familiales et la place de l’État dans l’établissement
de normes dans la mise en place de la conformité légale (ou responsabilité démontrable) de
leurs procédés techniques. Cette subrogation de rôles s’explique par les possibilités
offertes par la technologie et notamment les outils de conformité devenus de véritables
lieux de pouvoir, ce qui nécessite une réflexion sur la place du droit dans la régulation de
la technologie destinée aux enfants.
L’hypertrucage : analyse du phénomène des « deepfakes » et recommandations
Authors: Robichaud-Durand Simon
Published: January 2024

Que ce soit l’hypertrucage, la technologie de permutation intelligente de visages,
ou les « deepfakes », ces termes réfèrent aux montages ultra réalistes générés par
l’intelligence artificielle ayant comme objectif de tromper son public. Aujourd’hui, cette
technologie n’est plus exclusive aux studios hollywoodiens puisqu’elle est accessible à
n’importe qui. Conséquemment, des montages générés, on dépeint des personnalités publiques,
des chefs d’État et plusieurs victimes non consensuelles. L’hypertrucage à finalité
pornographique et non consensuelle a rapidement émergé, ciblant majoritairement des victimes
de sexe féminin causant de sérieux préjudices. Toutefois, les auteurs priorisent les dangers
publics tels que l’ingérence étrangère, la perte de confiance dans les institutions
publiques et la désinformation politique. Ainsi, nous tentons de comprendre pourquoi la
majorité des écrits focalisent sur ces risques politiques alors qu’en réalité la grande
majorité des montages d’hypertrucage est de finalité pornographique non consensuelle. De
plus, considérant que la Loi électorale du Canada semble protéger contre les
dangers des montages d’hypertrucages ayant une finalité politique, alors que les victimes de
montages pornographiques et non consensuelles sont toujours sans recours concret, nous
proposons une solution multiapproche regroupant quatre volets : la législation, la
sensibilisation, l’innovation et la collaboration.
Skaitymai tarp eilučių: Lietuvos diplomatų Stasio Lozoraičio (jaunesniojo) ir Juozo Urbšio korespondencija (1977–1983)
Authors: Petraitytė-Briedienė Asta
Published: January 2024

Straipsnyje analizuojama Lietuvos pasiuntinybėje prie Šventojo Sosto dirbusio Stasio Lozoraičio (jaunesniojo) ir Juozo Urbšio, iki sovietų okupacijos ėjusio Lietuvos Respublikos užsienio reikalų ministro pareigas, tarpusavio korespondencija. Lietuvos centriniame valstybės archyve saugoma 43 lapų apimties byla „Lietuvos atstovo prie Šventojo Sosto S. Lozoraičio jaunesniojo susirašinėjimo su J. Urbšiu leidinių persiuntimo ir asmeniniais klausimais dokumentai“ iki šiol nėra skelbta ir plačiau netyrinėta. Straipsnio tikslas yra į akademinę aplinką įtraukti iki šiol nepublikuotus šaltinius, juos išanalizuoti, interpretuoti bei įvardyti tarp eilučių minimus asmenis, įvykius, pakomentuoti jų aplinkybes ir taip parodyti Lietuvos diplomatinės tarnybos (LDT) neafišuojamus ryšius su okupuota Lietuva šaltojo karo metais. 1977–1983 m. dviejų diplomatų tarpusavio korespondencija liudija apie šiapus ir anapus geležinės uždangos buvusių Lietuvos diplomatų ir jų artimųjų kasdienybę, neutralias pokalbių temas, atskleidžia ironišką požiūrį į sovietinę sistemą. Per pagrindinį dialogą apie siunčiamas ir gaunamas knygas atsiskleidžia perduodama abiem pusėms svarbi informacija apie Vatikano radijo laidas ir permainos LDT. Laiškai parodo korespondentų požiūrį į knygas, istoriją, lituanistiką, memuaristiką bei abiejų viltį ir optimizmą, tikėjimą geresne krašto ateitimi.
Eidic hierarchy as the basis of vertically oriented aesthetics
Authors: Pankratova Aleksandra Vladimirovna
Published: January 2024

The object of this research is the organization of visual culture in a vertically oriented paradigm. The subject of the study is the eidetic hierarchy as the basis for the organization of the visual environment in a vertically oriented paradigm. The purpose of this study is to explicate the eidic hierarchy as the basis of aesthetic representations in a vertically oriented paradigm. Modern culture has come to full aesthetic relativism under the influence of modernism. Today, everything is acceptable in art, so artists and designers are actively being forced out of the profession by neural networks. Neural networks are the product of a horizontally oriented culture in which any objects are recognized as equally valuable, since there is no appeal to the super-object. Therefore, today it becomes relevant to shift the focus of research attention to the opposite organization of culture – vertically oriented, recognizing transcendent reality. Such a culture should have clear criteria of art, determined by the eidic hierarchy. In distinguishing the vertically oriented paradigm, the author relies on A. G. Dugin. The author's main method is semiotic analysis, which makes it possible to see the transcendent signified in culture. The author also relies on Plato's teaching about the eidetic hierarchy of being. The main conclusion of the study is that in the vertical oriented paradigm there is a clear aesthetic hierarchy, which is absent in culture today due to its horizontal orientation. The vertically oriented paradigm is associated with the idea of the eidic hierarchy of being. The canon, which has been developing for centuries, has been a tool for depicting the eidic forms of things, not phenomena, but noumens. Reorientation to the presence of a super-object can be an opportunity to preserve the profession of an artist and art itself from aesthetic relativism.
Systematic evaluation of intratumoral and peripheral BCR repertoires in three cancers
Authors: Krasik S.V. , Bryushkova E.A. , Sharonov G.V. , Myalik D.S. , Shurganova E.V. , Komarov D.V. , Shagina I.A. , Shpudeiko P.S. , Turchaninova M.A. , Vakhitova M.T. , Samoylenko I.V. , Marinov D.T. , Demidov LV , Zagainov V.E. , Chudakov D.M. , Serebrovskaya E.O.
Published: January 2024

The current understanding of humoral immune response in cancer patients suggests that tumors may be infiltrated with diffuse B cells of extra-tumoral origin or develop organized lymphoid structures, where somatic hypermutation and antigen-driven selection occur locally. These processes are thought to be significantly influenced by the tumor microenvironment in the form of secretory factors and biased cell-cell interactions. To address the manifestation of this influence, we used deep unbiased immunoglobulin profiling and systematically characterized the relationships between B cells in circulation, draining lymph nodes (DLN), and tumors in 17 patients with three human cancers. We show that DLNs are differentially involved in the interaction with the tumor site and that there is significant heterogeneity even between different parts of a single DLN. Next, we confirmed and elaborated upon previous observations of intratumoral immunoglobulin heterogeneity. We identified BCR clonotypes that were expanded in tumors relative to DLN and blood and observed that these tumor-expanded clonotypes were less hypermutated than non-expanded (ubiquitous) clonotypes. Furthermore, we observed a shift in BCR CDR-H3 properties towards less mature and less specific BCR repertoire in tumor-infiltrating B-cells compared to circulating B-cells, which may indicate less stringent control for antibody-producing B cell development in TME. In addition, we found repertoire-level evidence that B-cells may be selected according to their CDR-H3 physicochemical properties before they activate somatic hypermutation (SHM). Altogether, our work outlines a broad picture of the difference in the tumor BCR repertoire relative to non-tumor tissues and points to the unexpected features of the SHM process.
Automating an insect biodiversity metric using distributed optical sensors: an evaluation across Kansas, USA cropping systems
Authors: Rydhmer Klas , Eckberg James O. , Lundgren Jonathan G. , Jansson Samuel , Still Laurence , Quinn John E. , Washington Ralph , Lemmich Jesper , Nikolajsen Thomas , Sheller Nikolaj , Michels Alex M. , Bredeson Michael M. , Rosenzweig Steven T. , Bick Emily N.
Published: January 2024

Global ecosystems and food supply depend on insect biodiversity for key functions such as pollination and decomposition. High-resolution, accurate data on invertebrate populations and communities across scales are critical for informing conservation efforts. However, conventional data collection methodologies for invertebrates are expensive, labor intensive, and require substantial taxonomic expertise, limiting researchers, practitioners, and policymakers. Novel optical techniques show promise for automating such data collection across scales as they operate unsupervised in remote areas. In this work, optical insect sensors were deployed in 20 agricultural fields in Kansas, USA. Measurements were compared to conventional assessments of insect diversity from sweep nets and Malaise traps. Species richness was estimated on optical insect data by applying a clustering algorithm to the optical insect sensor’s signal features of wing-beat frequency and body-to-wing ratio. Species richness correlated more strongly between the optical richness estimate and each of the conventional methods than between the two conventional methods, suggesting sensors can be a reliable indicator of invertebrate richness. Shannon- and Simpson indices were calculated for all three methods but were largely uncorrelated including between conventional methods. Although the technology is relatively new, optical sensors may provide next-generation insight into the spatiotemporal dynamics of invertebrate biodiversity and their conservation.The implications of this research extend from the field level to the regional level. Much of what scientists understand about the decline of invertebrates comes from a small number of long-term studies that can be coarse and correlational in nature. High-resolution biodiversity data sets on fields to landscapes may provide the insight needed for the successful management and accounting of biodiversity by practitioners and policymakers. Such high-resolution data has the potential to support global efforts and coordination of biodiversity conservation.
Exceptional longevity of mammalian ovarian and oocyte macromolecules throughout the reproductive lifespan
Authors: Bomba-Warczak Ewa K. , Velez Karen M. , Zhou Luhan T , Guillermier Christelle , Edassery Seby , Steinhauser Matthew , Savas Jeffrey N. , Duncan Francesca E.
Published: January 2024

The mechanisms contributing to age-related deterioration of the female reproductive system are complex, however aberrant protein homeostasis is a major contributor. We elucidated exceptionally stable proteins, structures, and macromolecules that persist in mammalian ovaries and gametes across the reproductive lifespan. Ovaries exhibit localized structural and cell-type specific enrichment of stable macromolecules in both the follicular and extrafollicular environments. Moreover, ovaries and oocytes both harbor a panel of exceptionally long-lived proteins, including cytoskeletal, mitochondrial, and oocyte-derived proteins. The exceptional persistence of these long-lived molecules suggest a critical role in lifelong maintenance and age-dependent deterioration of reproductive tissues.Exceptionally long-lived macromolecules in mammalian ovaries and oocytes as pillars for lifelong reproductive health span.
Evaluation of P5CS and ProDH activity in Paulownia tomentosa (Steud.) as an indicator of oxidative changes induced by drought stress
Authors: Kijowska-Oberc Joanna , Wawrzyniak Mikołaj K. , Ciszewska Liliana , Ratajczak Ewelina
Published: January 2024

The aim of the study was to investigate changes in proline metabolism in seedlings of tree species during drought stress. One month old Paulownia tomentosa seedlings were exposed to moisture conditions at various levels (irrigation at 100, 75, 50 and 25% of field capacity), and then the material (leaves and roots) was collected three times at 10-day intervals. The activity of enzymes involved in proline metabolism was closely related to drought severity; however, proline content was not directly impacted. The activity of pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase (P5CS), which catalyzes proline biosynthesis, increased in response to hydrogen peroxide accumulation, which was correlated with soil moisture. In contrast, the activity of proline dehydrogenase (ProDH), which catalyzes proline catabolism, decreased. Compared to proline, the activity of these enzymes may be a more reliable biochemical marker of stress-induced oxidative changes. The content of proline is dependent on numerous additional factors, i.e., its degradation is an important alternative energy source. Moreover, we noted tissue-specific differences in this species, in which roots appeared to be proline biosynthesis sites and leaves appeared to be proline catabolism sites. Further research is needed to examine a broader view of proline metabolism as a cycle regulated by multiple mechanisms and differences between species.
Prospects and Future Scope of Self-healing Composites
Authors: Sheikh Mariyam , Madhu Priyanka Paul , Reche Amit
Published: January 2024

A biomaterial is a component that has been developed to interact with biological systems for therapeutic or diagnostic purposes in medicine. Tissue engineering, bioprinting, and regenerative medicine are just a few of the increasingly complex fields where biomaterials are being used. These applications frequently require difficult or even paradoxical combinations of biomaterial qualities that cannot be satisfied by traditional biomaterials. Many novel proposals have been introduced over the past 10 years to make biomaterials self-healing, opening up fresh possibilities for enhancing the functionality of conventional biomaterials. Thus, the selfhealing composite that will be discussed in the present article is one such biomaterial that comes into play. Self-healing composites are composites that automatically heal in the area where damage has occurred. This material draws inspiration from the way our body heals itself through regenerative processes, and these self-healing composites utilise various additional healing methods as well. This paper outlines the various aspects of self-healing composites and their types, with a focus on capsule-based and vascular self-healing systems. As a complement to previous reviews, this paper provides insights into the diverse self-repairing concepts proposed so far, as well as compares the study of healing mechanisms and manufacturing approaches for the assembly of capsule and vascular networks. The current concept of self-healing polymers provides advanced avenues for secure, longer-lasting, and more durable products and parts across a wide range of industries, such as veneers, electronics, transport, and energy
Strongyloides stercoralis Infestation Manifesting as Protein Losing Enteropathy and Dyselectrolytaemia in an Immunocompetent Adult: A Case Report
Authors: Jajodia Amit , Panigrahy Gyanamitra , Mohanty Nihar Ranjan , Mohanty Lalatendu , Singh Nipa
Published: January 2024

Strongyloides stercoralis is an intestinal nematode which persists as chronic asymptomatic infection for several years. Clinical manifestations become apparent long after initial infection which includes non specific gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms like pain abdomen, nausea, vomiting, altered bowel habits or weight loss. Larval reproduction can lead to disseminated infection in the immunocompromised. Very rarely, hyperinfection or disseminated strongyloides can lead to ulceration, bleeding, small bowel obstruction, colitis or ascites. In severe cases, electrolyte disturbances and protein losing enteropathy may occur. We present a unique case of intestinal infestation of Strongyloides stercoralis in a 42-year-old immunocompetent male with a rare manifestation of protein losing enteropathy and dyselectrolytaemia without any GI symptoms at the outset, whose presentation was anasarca and initial investigations including work-up for cardiovascular, hepatic and renal causes of anasarca were unremarkable except for hypoalbuminaemia and electrolyte abnormalities and notable absence of peripheral eosinophilia. The diagnosis was arrived at by simple and conventional investigations like stool microscopy which demonstrated the Strongyloides larvae and upper GI endoscopy aided the biopsy which was confirmatory. He responded to appropriate medical treatment. Helminthic infestation should be kept in mind as a rare cause of malabsorption syndrome manifesting as protein losing enteropathy in a tropical and endemic country like India. These are treatable causes and respond to specific cost-effective antihelminthic treatments.
Income Inequality and Its Pattern among Farm Households in Southern Rajasthan, India
Authors: Yadav Anju , Burark S.S. , Meena G.L. , Bairwa K.C. , Rajput A.S. , Balai H.K.
Published: January 2024

The study was undertaken to analyse the income inequality and its pattern among farm households in Udaipur and Banswara districts of southern Rajasthan. The study was based on primary data collected from 240 households with the help of pre structured schedule during the year 2020-21. Selection of farmers categorized into two categories i.e., beneficiary farmers and non-beneficiary farmers under assured and unassured irrigation, respectively. Lorenz curve and Gini Concentration ratio were used to analyzed the data. Results revealed that the Gini-concentration ratio for beneficiary farms was observed lower i.e., 0.36 and 0.40 as compared to non-beneficiary farms i.e., 0.46 and 0.48, respectively in Banswara and Udaipur districts. Thus, it can be concluded that income inequality was lower on beneficiary farms compared to non-beneficiary farms in the study area. Authors recommended that government should encourage the farmers to increase agricultural productivity, use of new technology providing by irrigation facilities by water harvesting technology in study area to increase the farm income and lower down the income inequality.
Factors Influence on Customers’ Satisfaction in Government Owned Life Insurance Firm: A Case of Rastriya Beema Sansthan, Nepal
Authors: Pandey Dhruba Lal , Risal Nischal , Basnet Bhupindra Jung , Sigdel Rasmi
Published: January 2024

Customer service is an integral part of any life insurance company. It is necessary to identify the key success factors in the life insurance industry, in terms of customer satisfaction, so as to survive the intense competition and increase insurance penetration (Nyaguthii, 2013). The important factor in creating customer satisfaction is the appropriate insurer with customers. Insurers believe the   factors   such   as   behavior   and   dealing effectively with the insured, ability of insurance agents to transmit accurate information, establish long term relationships with customers are the important factors in the success of the insurance industry (Vazifehdust & Farokhian, 2013). Thus, the study aims in analyzing the determinants of customer satisfaction in Rastriya Beema Sansthan, an insurance company of developing country Nepal. The study has adopted descriptive and analytical research design. The purposive sampling method is used to collect the primary response from the respondents. The descriptive analysis, correlation analysis and regression analysis have been conducted to analyze the relationship between customer satisfaction with premium, communication, claim settlement, service recovery and service quality in Rastriya Beema Sansthan. The study concludes that the service quality has no impact on customer satisfaction whereas other variables tested have been found significant. The results of the research are expected to hit the policy of Rastriya Beema Sansthan with broadening the scope of the study.
Risk Factors and Prognosis of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review
Authors: Alanazi Shahad Zaid N. , Alanazi Rehab Nawaf S. , Alanazi Malak Nawaf
Published: January 2024

Background: Among adult leukaemias, chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) is one of the most prevalent types. The Philadelphia chromosome, which constitutively activates tyrosine kinase through the BCR-ABL1 oncoprotein, is central to the pathophysiology of CML.

Objectives: To study the risk factors and prognosis of chronic myeloid leukemia in Saudi Arabia.

Methods: PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and Science Direct were systematically searched for relevant literature. Rayyan QRCI was employed throughout this comprehensive process.

Results and Interpretation: seven studies with a total of 658 patients and 357 (54.3) were males. Risk factors for the development of CML were shown to be limited to younger and middle-aged groups, with a slight male predominance. This study showed that imatinib for CML has both long-term efficacy and manageable side effects. Improved compliance, lower blast and basophil counts, increased haemoglobin, increased platelets, and a low-risk score were all associated with different molecular reactions to imatinib. Future research is required to assess the possible risk factors, management lines, and prognostic factors of CML in Saudi population.
Relationship between Cultural Capital and Social Capital with Personal Hygiene Habits among Elderly Men
Authors: Anwar Sufyan , Alamsyah T. , Marniati  , Khairunnas  , Muliadi Teuku , Ernawati  , Safrida  , Murdani Ihsan
Published: January 2024

Background: The decline in function that occurs in the elderly population is considered a characteristic of their aging process. This certainly affects their behavior and ability to maintain personal hygiene. The study aimed to determine the correlation between cultural capital and social capital with personal hygiene among the elderly.

Methods: The research was an observational study using a cross-sectional design. The study sample consisted of elderly men in West Aceh with a sample size of 150. Assessment was conducted on three variables, including cultural capital, social capital (as independent variables), and personal hygiene (as the dependent variable). Data was collected through interviews using the questionnaire as the research instrument.

Results: The results indicated that the average age of the respondents was 70.90 years (SD: 7.97), with a higher proportion having completed upper secondary education (45.3%) and a majority still being employed (72%). Correlation and simple linear regression analyzes revealed that cultural capital was significantly associated with personal hygiene (p = 0.001), showing a moderate strength of the relationship (r = 0.339) and a positive correlation. Additionally, social capital was significantly related to personal hygiene (p = 0.046) with a weak strength of the relationship (r = 0.163) and a positive correlation.

Conclusion: The study demonstrated that cultural capital had a stronger relationship with the personal hygiene of elderly men compared to social capital, although both played significant roles in personal hygiene. Further studies are still highly necessary to support these findings, both with the same design in different locations and with different designs, such as longitudinal and experimental studies.
Application of Multivariate Principal Component Analysis for Characterization of Leaf Litters in Northern Nigeria
Authors: Akinsola Folasade Aanuoluwapo , Amapu Ishaku Yo’ila , Oyinlola Eunice Yemisi , Abdulsalam Tawakalitu Akanji
Published: January 2024

This study was to objectively describe the interrelationship between mass loss and leaf chemical parameters of litter species: Khaya senegalensis, Mangifera indica, Gmelina arborea, and Eucalyptus camaldulensis using principal component analysis. Leaf litters were analyzed for chemical compositions. Mass loss and ten litter chemical parameters such as organic carbon, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, calcium, sodium, total soluble polyphenol, total sulphur and carbon to nitrogen ratio were investigated. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used to identify the variation of litter chemical properties. The results showed significant relationships between mass loss and litter chemical parameters in PC1 and PC2 axes. Khaya senegalensis has the highest loadings 84% followed by Gmelina arborea 77%, Eucalyptus camaldulensis 75.3% and Mangifera indica 64.5%. In conclusion, Khaya senegalensis showed a propensity to have a faster response in driving biogeochemical cycling during decomposition.
Delineation of Soil Physical and Chemical Properties of Mahisagar District of Gujarat, India
Authors: Paragi Nilesh S. , Prajapati Bhavik J. , Viradiya M. B. , Chaudhary Radha
Published: January 2024

The successful implementation of sustainable agriculture practices relies on maintaining a favorable physical and chemical environment in the soil. This study aimed to assess the soil properties of Mahisagar district in Gujarat, focusing on both physical and chemical aspects. A total of 180 surface soil samples (0-15 cm depth) were collected from cultivated fields in six talukas during April-May 2018. Key indicators, including bulk density, particle density, porosity, moisture-holding capacity (MWHC), electrical conductivity (EC2.5), pH2.5, free lime, organic carbon, and cation exchange capacity (CEC), were analyzed to provide a comprehensive understanding of the soil's characteristics. The results indicated that mean bulk density and particle density value of the soils of Mahisagar district was 1.32 and 2.53 Mg m-3 respectively, while porosity with a mean value of 47.97 per cent. The overall range of MWHC was with a mean value of 45.97 per cent. The soils of Mahisagar district were high in organic carbon content and non-calcareous in nature with alkaline in reaction. The mean EC2.5 value in the soils of Mahisagar district was (0.38 dS m-1). The mean CEC value was 24.47 cmol (p+) kg-1. among the exchangeable cations Ca++ and Mg++ was dominance in soil, while water soluble ions Cl- and Mg++ were found in higher proportion in Mahisagar district of Gujarat.
The Effects of Perception and Childhood History on the Likelihood of Using Corporal Punishment on Children in Southwest Nigeria
Authors: Fakunmoju Sunday B.
Published: January 2024

Purpose: Despite its prohibition in some countries, corporal punishment persists globally, with parents using it for preventive, corrective, or punitive reasons. However, factors contributing to its persistent use in many developing countries lack comprehensive understanding. This study explores some of these factors—perceptions of physical abuse, childhood history of corporal punishment, and perceived efficacy—associated with the corporal punishment of children in Nigeria, practiced in diverse settings such as home, school, and community.

Methods: A cross-sectional design was used to obtain a sample of 187 respondents from southwest Nigeria who participated in a survey exploring their perceptions, childhood history of corporal punishment, and likelihood of using such methods on children. They consist of 65.8% males (n = 123) and 34.2% females (n=64) with an average age of 26.60 years (SD = 5.91). Descriptive analysis was used to describe the demographic characteristics, and multiple regression analysis was used to examine the associations.

Results: The results reveal that the majority of respondents (n = 174, 93%) had experienced corporal punishment during their childhood and perceived it as effective in modifying a child’s behavior (n = 139, 74.3%). Weaker perceptions of physically abusive behaviors, a history of childhood corporal punishment, and support for the efficacy of such punishment were all correlated with an increased likelihood of using corporal punishment on children, although the positive and negative correlations were low.

Conclusion: Findings emphasize the role of perceptions and childhood experiences in understanding parental use of corporal punishment. Addressing misconceptions about its effectiveness can reveal negative impacts, discourage use, and break the cycle of intergenerational transmission. The influence of weaker perceptions and support for corporal punishment suggests intervention potential, including parental awareness campaigns and educational programs to promote alternative disciplinary strategies for managing children's behavior.