bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gender Communication: Understanding the Problem
Authors: Головашенко  , Golovashenko Irina
Published: October 2014

The article analyzes problem of gender communication, certain socio-cultural changes and their consequences. It shows that main methodological philosophical approaches of this problem explain features of the communication between men and women. Attention is focused on the philosophical aspect of subject-object dichotomy in gender theory. Object of our investigation is gender communication in modern society. The subject of research is the methodological basis and technology for the gender communication implementation as a culturological socio-forming factor. The author analyses the effects of the individuals interaction in different contexts of gender relations. The basis for the discourse is Michael Foucault’s concept of power, which has had a most powerful effect on gender theory since the late 20th century. The aim of the article is to confirm the possibility of a new order and communication priorities.
Managing Social Development of Organization: a Methodological Basis
Authors: Селивоненко  , Selivonenko O.
Published: October 2014

The successful activity of a company depends on high eff ectiveness of joint eff orts of the staff , their qualifi cations, education level, on how much the conditions

of work and life are favorable for the satisfyingpeoples’ material and spiritual needs.

Changes in society caused by acceleration of advance in science and technology and social progress lead to the increase of the human resources role in labour

activity, the values of personal characteristics of employees, and the need for social partnership. All this places new requirements on the nature and content

of managing social development of organization.

Methodological aspects of social development managing will allow modern managers to solve social problems on the basis of a comprehensive scientifi c

approach, awareness of the regularities in the course of social processes, the exact analytical calculation and verifi ed social norms.
Major Problems and Ways of Improving Additional Professional Education for Civil Servants in Russia
Authors: Рубас  , Rubas Anton
Published: October 2014

This article describes characteristics of development, problems and general defi ciencies of Russian system of additional training for civil servants, the role of public service institution in society, statistics on the organization of additional professional education among civil servants, analyzes criteria and unifi ed approach to evaluating the quality and results of learning. The basic trends in development and update of the system of additional vocational training in Russia are substantiated. Formation, strengthening and further development of public service in the Russian Federation are reviewed, considering application of additional professional education (upgrading of skills, retraining, and internship) as the most mobile system, able to reduce tension needs of the state apparatus in qualifi ed personnel in a short time. Experience of eff ective system of training and retraining of civil servants of the Central Offi ce of the Federation Council forfocal areas of additional professional training is exemplifi ed.
Development of Financial Markets Within the Single Economic Space Countries: Institutional Aspects
Authors: Алленых  , Allenykh Marina
Published: October 2014

Based on the institutional theory the paper analyzes institutional aspects of

financial markets development in the countries of the Single Economic Space.

General theoretical principles of institutionalization of financial markets are

discussed, including the principle of functional diversity, the complementarity

principle, the dominance principle, the principle of congruency and historicism.

Outlined are financial and systems risks, inherent in the development of financial

markets.
From the Green movement to a party
Authors: Glied Viktor
Published: October 2014

General political, economic and moral crises began in Hungary in 2006, after the prime minister’s speech about the real state of the Hungarian economy was delivered. Fidesz, the then largest opposition party refused any further cooperation with the government and started to attack the governing socialist‑liberal coalition. After four years of permanent campaign against the socialists, Fidesz won the elections in 2010 and started to rearrange the whole political and social system in Hungary. Parallel to that, the appearance of social movements in Hungary can clearly be understood as a reply to crisis phenomena, whether they are left‑leaning organisations, green‑ecological, critical of globalisation (“globcrit”) or far‑right, fascistoid groups and networks. One part of the green‑ecologial movement was formed into a party and was named as Politics Can Be Different (LMP), but after 2010 other organizations appeared such as Szolidaritás, an organisation established with reference to the Polish example, with a trade union background, Milla (One Million for Press Freedom), 4K (Movement for the Fourth Republic) and HaHa (Students’ Network), the Hungarian Two‑tailed Dog Party (MKKP) and the Hungarian Pirate Party.
Koncepcja „czwartego stanu” Edmunda Burke’a podana przez Thomasa Carlyle’a. Refleksje o polityce i komunikowaniu
Authors: Nieć Mateusz
Published: October 2014

Concept of “fourth estate” of Edmund Burke by Thomas Carlyle. Afterthought about politics and communication

Since 19th century, we have been speaking about speeches of Edmund Burke, about his concept of “fourth estate”. Scientists and politics still are discussing about speeches of Burke, did he say, or didn’t say “fourth estate”. I looked differently, in article, I consider political thought of Thomas Carlyle. Political writer from Scotland quoted a speech of Burke in essay ‘On Heroes’. I present reception idea of “fourth estete” to political thought of Carlyle. I consider, why did Carlyle write, not why didn’t Burke say? Burke and Carlyle lived in different a historical time, but like a political time. Moreover, I analyze speech of Burke, his a langue and a matter; and in finally, I compare political thought of Burke and Carlyle.
Stolica Apostolska i główne problemy Narodów Zjednoczonych w okresie pontyfikatu Jana Pawła II
Authors: Migliore Celestino
Published: October 2014

The Holy See and the main problems of the United Nations during the course of John Paul II’s pontificate

The subject of the Holy See and the problems of the United Nations during the course of John Paul II’s pontificate is quite broad. It involves the period of twenty years which were rich in many events and political and social changes around the whole world. In this period the Holy See maintained its presence in the international community with the status of an observer at the forum of the UN. The diplomatic representation of the Holy See in the UN is based on the social teaching of the Church. John Paul II conceived of this teaching as a great system of concentric circles: a system whose first element is the human person and the final one – the globalized world. Due to this fact, the Catholic social teaching elaborated the concept of the principle of auxiliarity as an antidote for the period of dictatorships and regimes. The other foundation of human safety is the principle of solidarity. This principle was a peculiar feature of John Paul II who lived thirty years of his life in a country ruled by a communist regime. He was chosen as the pope in an extraordinary moment of history when international security was a much-discussed subject. The UN and the international community saw the foundations of this security in the principle of collaboration and non-interference, and John Paul II contributed to the elaboration of this concept by emphasizing the security of the individual and of the society. In 1969 the Vatican accepted an invitation from the countries of the Warsaw Pact to take part in the Helsinki Conference. The main concept of this conference was straightforward – security consists in the balance of power. The Holy See had a different concept of security, one that emphasized instead the common good of the community, the community to which the usage of force always brings destruction. These activities later influenced humanitarian actions, vigorously supported by the Vatican. John Paul II’s contribution to the contemplation of human rights is immense. He was true to his belief about the existence of such values and rules that are not negotiable. Their range and applicability cannot depend upon the will of the majority or pressure groups. The Holy See maintains clear and precise concept of the human person who may never be divorced from transcendence – from God. According to John Paul II and the Vatican the human person was and continues to be the point of reference expressed in views and actions, visible in diplomacy. The clear concept of man is maintained in order to facilitate an answer to the question where we come from and where we are headed.
Leveraging Health Information Exchange to Improve Population Health Reporting
Processes: Lessons in Using a Collaborative-Participatory Design Process
Authors: Revere Debra , Dixon Brian E. , Hills Rebecca , Williams Jennifer L. , Grannis Shaun J.
Published: October 2014

Introduction: Surveillance, or the systematic monitoring of disease within a
population, is a cornerstone function of public health. Despite significant investment
in information technologies (IT) to improve the public’s health, health care providers
continue to rely on manual, spontaneous reporting processes that can result in
incomplete and delayed surveillance activities.Background: Participatory design
principles advocate including real users and stakeholders when designing an information
system to ensure high ecological validity of the product, incorporate relevance and
context into the design, reduce misconceptions designers can make due to insufficient
domain expertise, and ultimately reduce barriers to adoption of the system. This paper
focuses on the collaborative and informal participatory design process used to develop
enhanced, IT-enabled reporting processes that leverage available electronic health
records in a health information exchange to prepopulate notifiable-conditions report
forms used by public health authorities.Methods: Over nine months, public health
stakeholders, technical staff, and informatics researchers were engaged in a multiphase
participatory design process that included public health stakeholder focus groups,
investigator-engineering team meetings, public health survey and census regarding
high-priority data elements, and codesign of exploratory prototypes and final form
mock-ups.Findings: A number of state-mandated report fields that are not highly used or
desirable for disease investigation were eliminated, which allowed engineers to
repurpose form space for desired and high-priority data elements and improve the
usability of the forms. Our participatory design process ensured that IT development was
driven by end user expertise and needs, resulting in significant improvements to the
layout and functionality of the reporting forms.Discussion: In addition to informing
report form development, engaging with public health end users and stakeholders through
the participatory design process provided new insights into public health workflow and
allowed the team to quickly triage user requests while managing user expectations within
the realm of engineering possibilities.Conclusion: Engaging public health, engineering
staff, and investigators in a shared codesigning process ensured that the new forms will
not only meet real-life needs but will also support development of a product that will
be adopted and, ultimately, improve communicable and infectious disease reporting by
clinicians to public health.
Postmemory and photography in the Catalan miniseries Tornarem (2011)
Authors: Gimeno Ugalde Esther
Published: October 2014

Taking into account that photography is a privileged tool of memory transmission, the aim of this essay is to analyse the role of photography in some Spanish contemporary audiovisual narratives. As a case study, the article deals with the Catalan miniseries Tornarem (Felip Solé, TV3, 2011), which fictionalizes the experience of the exile of Catalan republicans after the Spanish Civil War and, more specifically, the experience of those who enrolled in the Leclerc Division and led a central role in the liberation of Paris in 1944. As it will be argued, photographs help evoke historical events in the miniseries, thus recalling what Marianne Hirsch has called ‘postmemory.’ Along with photography, the (fictional) oral testimony of Garcia – the narrator and a character in Tornarem – fills in the blanks of memory of Maria, another fictional character who represents the point of view of the postgeneration. At the same time and appealing to emotions, the miniseries fills in the blanks of the collective memory of many Catalans who barely know the historical events lived through by republicans who fought for La Nueve against the Axis powers.
Television fiction and memory practices in Portugal and Spain (2000–2012): Some comparative reflections
Authors: Burnay Catarina Duff , Rueda Laffond José Carlos
Published: October 2014

This article presents an overview of historical fiction broadcast in Spanish and Portuguese television over the last decade and analyses its main characteristics (narrative modes, patterns of representation, evocations of times and spaces, relations with current events and agendas), regarding these productions as examples of twenty-first-century media memory.
Sequencing of harvester work during standard cuttings and in areas with windbreaks
Authors: Szewczyk Grzegorz , Sowa Janusz , Grzebieniowski Włodzimierz , Kormanek Mariusz , Kulak Dariusz , Stańczykiewicz Arkadiusz
Published: October 2014

The aim of the study was to characterize repetitive cycles of harvester operation. The study was conducted in thinning, mature and post-disaster pine stands. The sequences of the activities characteristic of harvester operation were described as time series. In order to detect the cyclic variable structure of the analysed time series, the methodology of the single spectrum Fourier analysis was applied. In standard stands, post-disaster late-thinning stands and mature stands, the existence of stable operational cycles with the length of three activities was discovered while in post-disaster mature stands additional five-activity operational phases were noted. Described in this way, the lengths of the operational cycles of harvesters working in post-disaster areas were higher by about 55% and 30% respectively, as compared to standard thinning and mature stands.
Care/Sorge
Authors: Thelen Tatjana
Published: October 2014

»Care« ist in den letzten Jahren zunehmend in den Mittelpunkt öffentlicher Diskussionen gerückt. Vor dem Hintergrund der deutschen Wiedervereinigung führt Tatjana Thelen dieses zentrale Thema mit der Konstruktion, Reproduktion und Auflösung bedeutsamer Bindungen zusammen - einem Schlüsselproblem sozialwissenschaftlicher Theoriebildung. Das legt den Grundstein für eine innovative Theorie von Care/Sorge und eröffnet neue Blicke auf Prozesse der Gemeinschaftsbildung. Die Studie verbindet Perspektiven der Sozialanthropologie, Europäischen Ethnologie und Soziologie, bietet jedoch auch wichtige Einsichten für die Praxis in Pflege und Betreuung.
Houston, We Have a Problem: Teachers Find No Value in the SAS Education Value-Added Assessment System (EVAAS®)
Authors: Collins Clarin
Published: October 2014

This study examined the SAS Education Value-Added Assessment System (EVAAS®) in practice, as perceived and experienced by teachers in the Southwest School District (SSD). To evaluate teacher effectiveness, SSD is using SAS EVAAS® for high-stakes consequences more than any other district or state in the country. A mixed-method design including a large-scale electronic survey was used to investigate the model’s reliability and validity; to determine whether teachers used the SAS EVAAS® data in formative ways as intended; to gather teachers’ opinions on SAS EVAAS®’s claimed benefits and statements; and to understand the unintended consequences that occurred as a result of SAS EVAAS® use in SSD. Results revealed that the reliability of the SAS EVAAS® model produced split and inconsistent results among teacher participants, and teachers indicated that students biased the SAS EVAAS® results. The majority of teachers disagreed with the company’s marketing claims and did not report similar SAS EVAAS® and principal observation scores, reducing the criterion-related validity of both measures of teacher quality. Many unintended consequences associated with the high-stakes use of SAS EVAAS® emerged through teachers’ responses, which revealed among others that teachers felt heightened pressure and competition, which reduced morale and collaboration, and encouraged cheating or teaching to the test in attempt to raise SAS EVAAS® scores. The results of this study, one of the first to investigate how the SAS EVAAS® model works in practice, should be considered by policymakers, researchers, and districts when considering implementing the SAS EVAAS®, or any value-added model for teacher evaluation.
Ebola US Patient Zero: lessons on misdiagnosis and effective use of electronic health records
Authors: Upadhyay Divvy K. , Sittig Dean F. , Singh Hardeep
Published: October 2014

On September 30th, 2014, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) confirmed the first travel-associated case of US Ebola in Dallas, TX. This case exposed two of the greatest concerns in patient safety in the US outpatient health care system: misdiagnosis and ineffective use of electronic health records (EHRs). The case received widespread media attention highlighting failures in disaster management, infectious disease control, national security, and emergency department (ED) care. In addition, an error in making a correct and timely Ebola diagnosis on initial ED presentation brought diagnostic decision-making vulnerabilities in the EHR era into the public eye. In this paper, we use this defining “teachable moment” to highlight the public health challenge of diagnostic errors and discuss the effective use of EHRs in the diagnostic process. We analyze the case to discuss several missed opportunities and outline key challenges and opportunities facing diagnostic decision-making in EHR-enabled health care. It is important to recognize the reality that EHRs suffer from major usability and inter-operability issues, but also to acknowledge that they are only tools and not a replacement for basic history-taking, examination skills, and critical thinking. While physicians and health care organizations ultimately need to own the responsibility for addressing diagnostic errors, several national-level initiatives can help, including working with software developers to improve EHR usability. Multifaceted approaches that account for both technical and non-technical factors will be needed. Ebola US Patient Zero reminds us that in certain cases, a single misdiagnosis can have widespread and costly implications for public health.
Study on Indirect Measuring Technology of EAF Steelmaking Decarburization Rate by Off-gas Analysis Technique in Hot State Experiment
Authors: Dong Kai , Liu Wenjuan , Zhu Rong
Published: October 2014

In this paper, measurement method of EAF Steelmaking decarburization rate is studied. Because of the fuel gas blown and air mixed, the composition of hot temperature off-gas is measurand unreally, and the flow rate is unknown too, the direct measurement of EAF decarburization rate by furnace gas analysis is unrealized. Firstly, the off-gas generation process is discussed. After that, dynamic concentration of CO
Modelo de Clutter na modelagem de crescimento e produção de eucalipto em sistemas de integração lavoura-pecuária-floresta
Authors: Salles Thiago Taglialegna , Leite Helio Garcia , Oliveira Neto Sílvio Nolasco de , Soares Carlos Pedro Boechat , Paiva Haroldo Nogueira de , Santos Fabiano Lourenço dos
Published: October 2014

O objetivo deste trabalho foi definir a melhor forma de uso do modelo de Clutter para estimar o crescimento e a produção de clones de eucalipto em sistemas de integração lavoura-pecuária-floresta. Foram utilizados dados de sistemas de integração localizados na região noroeste do Estado de Minas Gerais. Os dados foram originados a partir de 180 parcelas permanentes de inventário florestal contínuo, de 30x40 m, contendo três fileiras de dez árvores, com amostragem casual estratificada de intensidade de uma parcela para cada 10 ha. O número médio de árvores por hectare foi de 242. Foram avaliadas plantas com idades de 20 a 95 meses. As melhores relações funcionais foram obtidas a partir do uso do modelo original de Clutter, com base na significância e nos sinais esperados das estimativas de seus parâmetros. O ajuste do modelo de Clutter deve ser feito na sua forma completa.
Formação de população base para seleção recorrente em maracujazeiro-amarelo com uso de índices de seleção
Authors: Freitas Juan Paulo Xavier de , Oliveira Eder Jorge de , Jesus Onildo Nunes de , Cruz Neto Alírio José da , Santos Leandro Ribeiro dos
Published: October 2014

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar índices de seleção para a identificação de parentais, para uso na seleção recorrente de maracujazeiro-amarelo. Foram avaliados 43 acessos quanto a 18 características agronômicas, entre as quais a produtividade, a massa de frutos, o teor de sólidos solúveis, o rendimento de polpa e a resistência a doenças foram consideradas as principais. A seleção direta, o índice de seleção distância genótipo-ideótipo, Smith & Hazel e soma de postos de Mulamba & Mock foram as estratégias de seleção avaliadas. As médias da maioria das características principais e seus valores de herdabilidade e amplitude indicaram a possibilidade de se obterem ganhos genéticos pela seleção. Altos ganhos genéticos foram obtidos com a seleção direta, porém com perdas indesejáveis em outras características importantes. Foi possível obter ganhos preditos de forma equilibrada, para as 18 características, com uso da soma de postos e do desvio-padrão genético como peso econômico. Os ganhos genéticos variaram de 2,47 a 10,33%, quanto ao rendimento de polpa e à produtividade, respectivamente, e houve redução da severidade da maioria das doenças avaliadas. A aplicação dos índices de seleção, para a escolha de parentais de ampla base genética, é uma alternativa viável mesmo com a presença de correlações indesejáveis.
Projeto PortVix: a fala de Vitória/ES em cena
Authors: Yacovenco Lilian Coutinho , Scherre Maria Marta Pereira , Tesch Leila Maria , Bragança Marcela Langa L , Evangelista Elaine Meireles , Mendonça Alexandre Kronemberger de , Calmon Elba Nusa , Campos Júnior Heitor da Silva , Barbosa Astrid Franco , Basílio Jucilene Oliveira Sousa , Deoclécio Carlos Eduardo , Silva Janaína Biancardi da , Berbert Aline Tomaz Fonseca , Benfica Samine de Almeida
Published: October 2014

Os objetivos centrais do presente artigo são (1) apresentar à comunidade científica o projeto PortVix, que trata da fala da cidade de Vitória, capital do Espírito Santo; (2) sintetizar os trabalhos desenvolvidos e em desenvolvimento, com base nos dados deste projeto; e (3) tecer considerações sobre o alinhamento da fala de Vitória ao cenário nacional e sobre traços que a caracterizam. A Teoria da Variação e de Mudança Linguística norteia a organização da amostra e, de forma geral, a análise de diversos fenômenos variáveis, a saber, alternância entre futuro do pretérito e pretérito imperfeito; a expressão variável do futuro do presente; usos do gerúndio; variação sintática das orações adverbiais finais; alternância nós/a gente; a expressão do objeto direto anafórico; concordância nominal; concordância verbal; expressão gramatical do imperativo; alternância indicativo/subjuntivo; alternância você/cê/ocê; ausência/presença de artigo diante de antropônimos e de possessivos. Observações do senso comum e resultados das análises permitem evidenciar que, ao lado de aspectos que alinham a fala de Vitória-ES ao cenário nacional, corroborando a generalidade de diversos fenômenos, há outros aspectos que permitem inferir a caracterização da fala capixaba face aos três estados com os quais o Espírito Santo estabelece fronteiras: Rio de Janeiro, Bahia e, especialmente, Minas Gerais.
Projeto de variação linguística no Centro-Oeste (VALCO)
Authors: Dettoni Rachel do Valle , Pacheco Cíntia da Silva , Andrade Carolina Queiroz , Scherre Maria Marta Pereira
Published: October 2014

O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar o Projeto Variação Linguística no Centro-Oeste (VALCO) e sintetizar resultados de pesquisa sociolinguística em áreas geográficas distintas da região Centro-Oeste e em temáticas também distintas. Quatro pesquisas foram realizadas com dados da grande Brasília ou Distrito Federal e analisam os pronomes de segunda pessoa tu/você/cê/ocê. Nestas pesquisas, apresenta-se a ideia central de que a variedade brasiliense em formação está introduzindo a variante tu em seu repertório linguístico, com focalização de um traço marcado no português brasileiro. Duas outras pesquisas foram realizadas com dados da Baixada Cuiabana, Estado do Mato Grosso, e analisam a variação de gênero no plano discursivo e sintagmático. Nestas duas pesquisas, diferentemente, apresentam-se traços linguísticos de natureza semicategórica, em provável situação de extinção, mas evidencia-se que a variação de gênero nos dados analisados é linguisticamente encaixada no sistema da língua portuguesa. Sendo assim, o presente artigo, que se orienta pela Teoria da Variação e da Mudança Linguística, apresenta para a comunidade científica um pouco mais da riqueza da língua portuguesa em terras brasileiras, mais especificamente, no Brasil central tradicional e no Brasil central expandido.
Motivações em competição na variação sociolinguística: o plural dos predicativos na variedade de São José de Rio Preto
Authors: Camacho Roberto Gomes , Salomão Mircia Hermenegildo
Published: October 2014

O objetivo deste trabalho é o de submeter a um tratamento variacionista, de base quantitativa, dados de marcação variável de plural no SN e no SA em contexto de predicativo, obtidos em córpus coletado na região de São José do Rio Preto. O trabalho procura examinar se a marcação de pluralidade nos predicativos pode ser explicada com base em motivações exclusivamente formais, ou exclusivamente funcionais, ou ainda, com base na interação entre ambas, que consistiriam, assim, em motivações em competição. Os resultados indicam que nem as motivações funcionais, nem as motivações formais regem solitariamente o fenômeno, que aparece fortemente condicionado por uma restrição externa específica, o grau de escolaridade. Por essa razão, a explicação mais plausível para a marcação de pluralidade nos predicativos é a de que há motivações em competição, nos termos de Du Bois (1985), e é a marcação de pluralidade o "bem limitado", pelo qual forças múltiplas, as motivações formais ou internas e funcionais ou externas, competem entre si.
Achieving inclusive design: consultation with disabled people
Authors: Lowe Alan William , Partington David Robert , Richardson Scott Graham
Published: October 2014

Transport for Greater Manchester (TfGM) recognises the importance of continuing to innovate and improve accessibility across all modes of transport and associated infrastructure within the conurbation. In 2008, when work began to expand the Metrolink light rail system, TfGM established a consultative group entitled the Disability Design Reference Group (DDRG) to support this major civil engineering project. The DDRG enables TfGM to discharge its legal and ethical duties by providing a means of influencing the next generation of inclusive design by anticipating and proposing practical solutions in relation to gaps in existing accessibility guidance and standards. This paper details the approach taken to enable the DDRG to support meaningful and appropriate consultation using the life experience and technical knowledge of disabled people to support delivery of tangible project outcomes. The DDRG consultation process, recognised as a model of best practice by the UK Equality and Human Rights Commission, encompasses the whole project life cycle, from concept design stage, through detailed design, through to physically testing the installed works. The paper concludes with suggestions on how the model could be applied to other projects.
Behaviour of fourteen exotic ornamental fishes of Bangladesh under starved condition in aquaria
Authors: Mohsin ABM , Mondal Roni Chandra
Published: October 2014

The behaviour of fourteen exotic ornamental fishes of Bangladesh under starved condition in aquaria was experimented from January to December, 2011. Fishes were belonging to 13 genera, 09 families and 4 orders. Two treatments each with three replications were used. Four different behavioural phases of fish were monitored through constant observation. Almost all the behavioural phases were seen earlier in the fishes of treatment T1. Marble angel survived more (1022±4.02 hrs; T2) than others. The lowest survival period (116±2.44 hrs; T1) was seen for albino suckermouth. Fishes were died earlier in T1 than T2, due to presence or absence of aeration facilities. Water temperature, dissolved oxygen, free CO2, pH, total alkalinity, ammonia-nitrogen and chlorine level were found to be varied from 25.66±0.17 to 28.66±0.35°C, 3.80±0.06 to 4.73±0.07 mg/l, 9.21±0.05 to 11.75±0.03 mg/l, 7.13±0.05 to 7.47±0.07, 76.66±1.64 to 108.92±3.20 mg/l, 0.0010±0.0006 to 0.0133±0.002 mg/l and 0.0045±0.001 to 0.012±0.0014 mg/l, respectively. The research findings would be helpful in gathering basic knowledge on different behavioural phases through which aquarists can maintain primitive behavioural phase in their aquaria.  Further research work is suggested in the aforesaid theme massively.
Transmission and pathology of Streptococcus inane in monosex Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in aquaculture of Bangladesh
Authors: Hossain Md. Mer Mosharraf , Ehsan Amimul , Rahman Md. Anisur , Haq Monjurul , Chowdhury Md. Bazlur Rashid
Published: October 2014

Streptococcus iniae is a major fish pathogen, recently emergent outbreaks were recorded in commercially cultured monosex Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) result in significant losses termed “streptococcosis”-causes unusual appearances with multi-focal pin-point haemorrhages, abscesses, necrosis and ascites in skin, fin, muscle, liver, spleen, kidney, blood, interstitial fluid specially in central nervous system and brain. This disease was more prevalent (>26%) at summer when the water temperature was approximately >25oC, percentage of mortality was higher >41% during the overcrowding and improper water chemistry. Raised levels of glucose and ammonium in blood serum causes reduced number of free blood cells released into the haemolymph to stomach and gut, result in refrain from eating in diseased tilapia. Stocking density (200 fish/decimal; class IV) had significant effect (P<0.01) on the total production (5,000 to 5,500 kg/ha). S. iniae in the circulating blood cells, extra-tubular haemal spaces containing blood vessels, fixed phagocytes in the hepatopancreas (gastrointestinal tract), bacteria-like particles in the brain tissue, vacuum and necrosis in hepatocytes revealed with histopathology. In vitro study revealed that cohabitation of dead or infected fish with healthy fish resulted infection (horizontal transmission mechanism) to the healthy fish.
Towards sustainable co-management organization: a case study of the Baikka Beel, Moulvibazar, Bangladesh
Authors: Bhuiya Shahidul Islam
Published: October 2014

The present study was conducted in Baikka Beel, Moulvibazar, Bangladesh from July, 2012 to October, 2012. This paper examined the role and performance of the CMOs in the Beel management and the challenges faced by the CMO members. Primary information were collected through focus group discussions using conceptual framework. Organizational development, leadership development, capital formation, women and gender development and conflict resolution were used to examine the performance of the CMOs. The result revealed that the RMO and FRUG were in satisfactory level in sustainability except RMO network. However CMOs were facing some challenges. These included policy level (amendment of Fish Act 1950 regarding permanent sanctuary, lease period extension complexity, no national and social recognition of CMO members, less awareness program to the non-CMO respondents, few scope of media highlight and no fund especially in RMO network operation) and operational level (no vehicle to rush to protect the poaching, no provision of honorary for RMO members, less training in capacity building and regional and statewide interactions). At last some recommendations were made for both policy and operational level. Finally new project could be implemented through the implementation of the research findings towards sustainable CMOs.
Socio-economic status of fishermen of the Marjat Baor at Kaligonj in Jhenidah district, Bangladesh
Authors: Bappa Sanjoy Banerjee , Hossain Md. Mer Mosharraf , Dey Bipul Kumar , Akter Shirin , Hasan-Uj-Jaman Md.
Published: October 2014

This study was carried out to assess the socio-economic status of fishermen of the Marjat Baor at Kaligonj of Jhenidah district. Fifty fishermen from 50 families were interviewed. Results revealed that 94% respondents were married and age varied between 30 and 45 years. Almost all the fishermen were Hindus (96%). Most of the people of the community were illiterate (60%) and among all of the school going children (58%) were boys and (42%) were girls. Above fifty percent people lived in nuclear family. 40% people lived in earthen house, constructed by grass leaves and mud. Only a few (18%) of them were found to be use electricity. Primary occupation of 60% respondents was fishing and few were also involved in agriculture. They were often found to suffer from various diseases due to lack of pure drinking water. Majority of them got fever and receive treatment from quack. Only twelve percent (12%) women were engaged in making nets for fishing. Annual household income of maximum beneficiaries (44%) was below BDT 30,000 and above BDT 50,000 found in only 4% cases. In the present study, educational, organizational, and technical credit support were very crucial to develop their better socio-economic conditions.
Fecundity and gonadosomatic index of Glossogobius giuris (Hamilton, 1822) from the Payra River, Patuakhali, Bangladesh
Authors: Roy Animesh , Hossain Md. Shakhawate , Rahman Mohammad Lutfar , Salam Mohammad Abdus , Ali Mir Mohammad
Published: October 2014

Glossogobius giuris were collected during March to September 2013 from the Payra river to estimate the length-weight relationship with relative condition factor (Kn), fecundity, gonadosomatic index (GSI) and relation between fecundity and other parameters. The length-weight relationship was found to be Log W= 2.667 Log TL – 1.805 in male and Log W = 2.931 Log TL – 2.040 in female. The mean Kn were found to be 1.02±0.155 for male and 0.97±0.276 for female which indicates satisfactory condition of the fish population. The mean relative fecundity was ranged from 88495 to 264104 with a mean value of 171581±17855, having a average total length of 21.21±0.44 cm, body weight 70.22±4.62 g and gonad weight 2.74±0.31 g. The relationships among the fecundity, the total length, body weight, gonad weight were found to be linear and positively correlated. The mean GSI value was 3.42±0.33 and the highest GSI value was recorded 9.34±0.71 in the month of September. This study will help to introduce this species in sustainable aquaculture through proper management and for the development of induced breeding technique.
Gender inequality in predispersal seed predation contributes to female seed set advantage in a gynodioecious species
Authors: Clarke Gretel L. , Brody Alison K.
Published: October 2014

Most flowering plants are hermaphrodites. However, in gynodioecious species, some members of the population are male‐sterile and reproduce only by setting seed, while others gain fitness through both male and female function. How females compensate for the loss of male function remains unresolved for most gynodioecious species. Here, as with many plants, fitness differences may be influenced by interactions with multiple species. However, whether multiple species interactions result in gender‐specific fitness differences remains unknown. Using observational data from 2009–2010, we quantified seed set of the two sex morphs of Polemonium foliosissimum and asked how it is affected by pollination, and seed predation from a dipteran predispersal seed predator (Anthomyiidae: Hylemya sp.). We assessed seed production and losses to predation in 27 populations for one year and in six populations for a second year. Females set significantly more seed than did hermaphrodites in both years. Of the fitness components we assessed, including the number of flowers per plant, fruit set, seeds/fruit, and proportion of fruits destroyed by Hylemya, only fruit destruction differed significantly between the sexes. In one year, seeds/fruit and predation had a stronger effect on seed set for hermaphrodites than for females. Because predispersal seed predators do not pollinate flowers, their effects may depend on successful pollination of flowers on which they oviposit. To examine if genders differed in pollen limitation and seed predation and/or their interactive effects, in 2011 we hand‐pollinated flowers and removed seed predator eggs in a fully factorial design. Both sexes were pollen limited, but their degree of pollen limitation did not differ. However, predation reduced seed set more for hermaphrodites than for females. We found no significant interaction between hand pollen and seed predation, and no interaction between hand pollination and gender. Our results suggest that while interactions with both pollinators and seed predators affect reproductive success, floral enemies can cause inequality in seed set between genders. The next step is to understand how the seed set advantage affects long‐term fitness and persistence of females in gynodioecious populations.
Serological study on WNV presence in horses in Vojvodina after the human outbreak in Serbia in 2012
Authors: Petrovic T. , Lazic S. , Lupulovic Diana , Lazic Gospava , Bugarski D. , Vidanovic D. , Stefan-Mikic Sandra , Milosevic Vesna , Hrnjakovic-Cvetkovic Ivana , Petric D.
Published: October 2014

To establish the presence of West Nile virus (WNV) infection in the animal
population in Serbia after the human WNV outbreak, the presence of anti-WNV
IgG antibodies was examined by commercial ELISA of blood sera samples of 130
horses collected in 2012 from 6 stables and 1 settlement in Vojvodina
Province, northern Serbia. During the blood sampling, hibernating mosquitoes
in the vicinity of the sampled horses were collected (31 pools from 4
locations) and tested for WNV presence by real-time RT-PCR. The presence of
anti-WNV antibodies was observed in 49.23% (64/130) horses. Per stable, the
percent of seropositive animals ranged from 35% to 64%. All 31 analyzed pools
of hibernating mosquitoes tested negative for WNV RNA. The WNV-antibody
prevalence of 49.23% obtained in horses during 2012 was much higher than the
prevalence (12%) found in horses during 2009/2010. These results, including
the confirmed seroconversion in eight horses that tested negative in 2010,
indicated an intensive WNV circulation during 2012 in Serbia, and the
necessity of implementing surveillance programs.
Prevalence of Epstein Barr Virus in biopsy specimens of nasopharyngeal carcinoma from Serbian patients
Authors: Banko Ana , Lazarevic Ivana , Folic M. , Cupic Maja , Jovanovic Tanja
Published: October 2014

The development of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is the result of
interaction between Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) and many non-viral factors. The
aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of EBV in NPC biopsies
from Serbian patients and to investigate the correlation between EBV presence
and demographic, anamnestic and clinical data. Ninety-three tissue blocks
were included. For detection of EBV DNA, the C terminus of the LMP1 gene was
amplified by nested-PCR. Twenty-eight biopsies were EBV-DNA-positive (30.1%),
with a statistically significant difference in EBV DNA presence between
geographical regions (p=0.02) and between the stages of tumor-node-metastasis
(TNM) (p=0.02). A correlation was also found with the presence of EBV DNA and
smoking (p=0.02). The correlation of EBV DNA presence, with or without
smoking and the promising outcome of the disease was statistically
significant (p=0.02; p=0.01). The EBV DNA findings from this study confirm
the role of EBV in NPC carcinogenesis, and show the different distribution
among TNM stages and correlation between the virus and outcome of disease.
Distribution of Human papilloma virus genotypes in cervical cancer tissues
Authors: Stamenkovic M. , Knezevic Aleksandra , Kuzmanovic I. , Karalic Danijela , Jovanovic Tanja
Published: October 2014

Cervical cancer incidence and mortality rates in Serbia are among the highest
in Europe and data on Human papilloma virus (HPV) type distribution are
scarce. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of HPV types
in archival specimens of cervical cancer tissues of women in the Serbian
population. A total of 45 paraffin-embedded tissue samples of cervical
carcinoma were used in this study. The procedure included deparaffinization
of tissue samples, DNA extraction, PCR, gel electrophoresis and HPV
genotyping by direct sequencing. HPV was detected in 32 samples (71%).
Genotyping revealed the presence of 6 high-risk HPV types 16, 18, 33, 45, 53
and 58, where HPV type 16 was the most prevalent type (73.7%). The results
of this study and further studies will provide more detailed information
about HPV genotype distribution and may contribute to the formulation of
national guidelines for the prevention of cervical cancer.
Effects of microhabitat on leaf traits in Digitalis grandiflora L. (Veronicaceae) growing at forest edge and interior
Authors: Kołodziejek J.
Published: October 2014

The morphological, anatomical and biochemical traits of the leaves of yellow
foxglove (Digitalis grandiflora Mill.) from two microhabitats, forest
interior (full shade under oak canopy) and forest edge (half shade near
shrubs), were studied. The microhabitats differed in the mean levels of
available light, but did not differ in soil moisture. The mean level of light
in the forest edge microhabitat was significantly higher than in the forest
interior. Multivariate ANOVA was used to test the effects of microhabitat.
Comparison of the available light with soil moisture revealed that both
factors significantly influenced the morphological and anatomical variables
of D. grandiflora. Leaf area, mass, leaf mass per area (LMA), surface area
per unit dry mass (SLA), density and thickness varied greatly between leaves
exposed to different light regimes. Leaves that developed in the shade were
larger and thinner and had a greater SLA than those that developed in the
half shade. In contrast, at higher light irradiances, at the forest edge,
leaves tended to be thicker, with higher LMA and density. Stomatal density
was higher in the half-shade leaves than in the full-shade ones. LMA was
correlated with leaf area and mass and to a lesser extent with thickness and
density in the forest edge microsite. The considerable variations in leaf
density and thickness recorded here confirm the very high variation in cell
size and amounts of structural tissue within species. The leaf plasticity
index (PI) was the highest for the morphological leaf traits as compared to
the anatomical and biochemical ones. The nitrogen content was higher in the
?half-shade leaves? than in the ?shade leaves?. Denser leaves corresponded to
lower nitrogen (N) contents. The leaves of plants from the forest edge had
more potassium (K) than leaves of plants from the forest interior on an area
basis but not on a dry mass basis; the reverse was true for phosphorus.
Structure and population dynamics of Pterostichus spp. beetles (col. Carabidae) in three types of wetland
Authors: Lik Monika , Zieliński Jacek
Published: October 2014

This study presents research on communities of Pterostichus spp. beetles
found in 2001 and 2003 in three types of wetland: elm and ash riparian forest
(RF), poplar monoculture (P) and extensively managed meadow (M). All sample
plots were located near the city of Bydgoszcz (53?, 9?N18?E) on the Vistula
River floodplain. During both years, 11 species of genus Pterostichus spp.
were found. In 2001, from all sample plots 886 beetles were collected; in
2003, 5 963. In both years, most specimens came from plot RF (636 in 2001 and
3 544 in 2003). From plot P, 1 862 specimens of Pterostichus spp. beetles
were collected and from plot M, 807 specimens. No statistically significant
influences of the marshland habitat type and year of research on communities
of Pterostichus spp. beetles were revealed.
Reversal of il-1β-mediated human embryonic pulmonary fibroblast transdifferentiation by targeting the ERK signaling pathway
Authors: Jin Long-Teng , He Zhang , Li Chang-Chong , Li Lin , Zhang Wei-Xi
Published: October 2014

The aim of the present study was to determine whether Interleukin
(IL)-1?-mediated human embryonic pulmonary fibroblast transdifferentiation
could be reversed by targeting of the ERK signaling pathway. The human
embryonic pulmonary fibroblast MRC-5 cell line was used as a model to observe
IL-1?-mediated transdifferentiation as well and the inhibitory effects of
lentinan (LNT). Cell proliferation was examined by a CCK-8 assay. ERK
signaling activity was detected using immunoblotting with phospho-ERK
antibody. The expression levels of fibronectin (FN), Col I and ?-smooth
muscle actin (?-SMA) were assessed by either reverse transcription PCR or the
SABC assay. IL-1?-induced-ERK signaling activation in MRC-5 cells was
inhibited by pretreatment with the LNT or ERK inhibitor U0126. IL-1?-enhanced
cell proliferation and expression of FN, Col I and ?-SMA were also attenuated
by the treatment with LNT. Our study revealed that activation of ERK
signaling is involved in IL-1?-mediated human embryonic pulmonary fibroblast
proliferation, phenotypic switching and collagen secretion. These
transdifferentiation events in MRC-5 cells could be reversed with LNT
treatment by targeting the ERK signaling pathway.
Three new cave-dwelling leiodid beetles (Coleoptera: Leiodidae: Cholevinae: Leptodirini) from Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: Curcic S. , Radja T. , Mulaomerovic J. , Vrbica Maja , Antic D. , Curcic B. , Radja Biljana , Vesovic N.
Published: October 2014

Three new troglobitic leiodid beetle species have been described from several
underground habitats in Central Bosnia and Herzegovina: Leonhardia jajcensis
sp. n., from the Kapnica Cave, village of Bozikovac, near Jajce, Mt. Dnolucka
Planina, Katobatizon apfelbecki sp. n., from the Jama Ispod Puta, village of
Bozikovac, and the Snjezara Pits, village of Brvanci, near Jajce, Mt.
Dnolucka Planina, and Protobracharthron dusinae sp. n., from the Dusina Cave,
village of Dusina, near Fojnica, Mt. Pogorelica. The three leiodid species
are easily distinguished from related taxa. All important morphological
characteristics of the species have been listed, along with the diagnoses and
images of the taxa. The new species are relicts and endemics of Central
Bosnia and Herzegovina and probably belong to old phyletic lineages of
Tertiary or even pre-Tertiary origin.