bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efektivitas E-Library Of Angkasa Pura II (Elora) Dalam Meningkatkan Literasi Digital Di PT Angkasa Pura II (Persero)
Authors: Tasya Twinca Putri  , Nida Handayani  , Abdul Rahman  , Dini Gandini Purbaningrum
Published: May 2023

The purpose of this study is to find out how the effectiveness of the E-Library of Angkasa Pura II (Elora) in increasing digital literacy at PT Angkasa Pura II (Persero). This type of research uses qualitative methods with descriptive research types. Data collection techniques using the method of observation, interviews, and documentation. The research results were carried out from the theory of program effectiveness according to Budiani (2007:53) with 4 (four) indicators. First, namely the accuracy of the program's targets is appropriate, seen from the exact program targets, which PT Angkasa Pura II is aimed at all employees who intend to increase their knowledge. Second, the socialization of the program cannot be said to be effective as seen from the fact that there are still many employees of PT Angkasa Pura II who have not used the Elora application because the socialization does not vary only through WhatsApp groups and corporate email. Third, the program objectives are appropriate, seen from the Elora application, it really helps employees in terms of increasing digital knowledge and literacy. Fourth, program monitoring has been carried out by the organizing team through monitoring and evaluation. In addition, program monitoring can also be seen at the Management Review Meeting every month, but there is still no follow-up to make improvements as a result of the evaluation carried out.
Budaya Belajar dan Motivasi Berprestasi Siswa Belajar IPS di Kelas V UPT SDF Negeri Kakatua Kecamatan Mariso Kota Makassar
Authors: Sri Yahyuni  , Jamaluddin Arifin  , Syamsuriyanti Syamsuriyanti
Published: May 2023

The main problem in this study is how culture encourages achievement motivation of students studying Social Sciences and how the form of achievement motivation of students learning Social Sciences in class V UPT SDF Negeri Kakatua. This study aims to find out the form of learning in encouraging student achievement motivation in social studies and to find out the form of achievement motivation of fifth grade students at UPT SDF Negeri Kakatua.

This type of research is qualitative research and uses a qualitative descriptive approach. The subjects in this study were 2 class teachers and 5 students of class V UPT SDF Negeri Kakatua. Data collection techniques using: observation, interviews, and documentation. While the validity of the data in this study uses source triangulation.

The results of the study show that: (1) the student learning culture has been implemented by the teacher who teaches in the class (2) student achievement motivation is important in achieving learning achievement The teacher's role is very important to improve student achievement by providing achievement motivation.

Based on the results of the research above, it can be concluded (1) Student learning culture is something that needs to be implemented by teachers and carried out by students to support student behavior at school and outside school (2) achievement motivation needs to be given to students to support student achievement and student learning outcomes .
Seeking Practice Informed Policy for Inclusive Education in India
Authors:   Professor of Inclusive Education, Centre for International Inclusive Pedagogy and Research, Faculty of Education and Humanities, University of Northampton, UK, Rose Richard
Published: May 2023

The sustainable development Goals and directives including the Salamanca Statement have encouraged debate and policy development for the promotion of inclusive education. In India, initiatives introduced to support increased access to learning for children from disadvantaged groups, provide evidence of endeavour to challenge exclusion and create opportunities for all learners. The Right of children to Free and Compulsory Education Act reiterated the intention to ensure the provision of universal education. However, policy initiatives alone cannot achieve sustainable change. The adoption of western models of inclusion will have limited impact, and there is a need to understand practices that support inclusion in Indian schools. A systematic review of the literature, considered the need to develop an understanding of measures that are being adopted to promote inclusive education in India. It is suggested that whilst there is a significant corpus of literature that discusses inclusion as a concept, there is a limited empirical base from which to gain an understanding of those actions being taken to promote access to learning. The author recommends that research into pedagogical practice and a methodical approach to dissemination are essential to gain confidence in developing inclusive classrooms.
Developing Sustainable, Accountable and Contextually Appropriate Policy to Ensure High-quality Inclusive Education
Authors:   International Consultant on Inclusive Education, Forlin Chris
Published: May 2023

In this discussion paper, developing inclusive education policy is acknowledged as being a complex process that needs to be embedded within the unique and diverse characteristics within individual countries. It is argued that this requires consideration of six key areas related to the need to define and contextualise inclusive education; the impact of policy on schools and communities; fiscal provisions; support for infrastructure and manpower; teacher education; and accountability mechanisms. These are reviewed from the perspective of policy development that is sustainable, realistic and implementable, that will be supported by all stakeholders and result in high quality education for all students.
Preparing Primary Level Teachers for Inclusive Education in Bangladesh
Authors:   Graduate School for International Development and Cooperation, Hiroshima University, Japan, Abu Bakor Siddik Md , Kawaia Norimune ,   Graduate School of Education, Hiroshima University, Japan
Published: May 2023

The government of Bangladesh has introduced inclusive education for all government primary schools since 2010.Government primary school teachers in Bangladesh receive prerequisite programs and in-service training on inclusive education after obtaining their positions. This study aims to investigate teachers’ self-efficacy and attitudes toward inclusive education in Bangladesh. Data were collected from 43 government primary schools in the capital city of Bangladesh, Dhaka district. A total of 311 teachers responded to the survey. This study examined challenges of teacher training in Bangladesh relating to self-efficacy and attitudes toward inclusive education. The results showed that there were no significant differences in teachers’ self-efficacy and attitudes toward inclusive education between the teachers who received prerequisite or in-service training on inclusive education and those who did not. In order to reform the training system, it is recommended to create more opportunity for teachers to work with students with disabilities, collaborate with other stakeholders, and introduce teachers to new teaching materials and methods during both prerequisite and in-service training periods.
Educational and Labor Market Issues: A case for the Transgender of Pakistan
Authors:   Independent Researcher,Pakistan, Afzan Munir Muhammad , Abdullah Salman ,   Aitchison College, Lahore,Pakistan
Published: May 2023

This paper explores the issues that the third gender faces in terms of education and labor market opportunities in Pakistan in the Post “Transgender Protection of Rights Bill 2018” scenario. The findings, based on a qualitative study involving detailed unstructured interviews with 15 self-identified transgender individuals and a focus group discussion with five more transgender individuals, suggest that transgender are discriminated against in all walks of life. They are discouraged from getting an education, both by people in the family home and those at school. Transgender face severe discrimination not only from their fellow students but also from their teachers, which discourages them to continue their education. In addition to this, one of the principle reasons for failure to secure a respectable job was identified to be their lack of education and the skills required for such jobs. Similarly, discrimination and harassment in the workplace also play a key role in a lack of jobs for transgender. Lastly, the paper provides policy recommendations for catering to transgenders’ needs and addressing the issues faced by the transgender community of Pakistan.
BENZEDEIRAS: ENTRE AS PRÁTICAS SAGRADAS E SEUS ESPAÇOS DE ATUAÇÃO
Authors: Silva Verônnica Teles dos Santos
Published: May 2023

O objeto de investigação é as Benzedeiras: entre as práticas sagradas e seus espaços de atuação. Temos como objetivo apresentar quem são essas benzedeiras e o que está subjacente a suas ações ritualísticas do benzimento. O texto está organizado em três tópicos: compreendendo o que vem a ser o benzimento, as benzedeiras: ofício e missão, benzedeiras e suas práticas ritualísticas e considerações finais.
RELIGIÃO, RITUAL E CURA NO CONTEXTO DO COMPONENTE CIÊNCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADA À SAÚDE: RELATO DE EXPERIÊNCIA DAS AÇÕES
Authors: Cruz Allice Magalhães
Published: May 2023

As permanências e as continuidades de vivências e de experiências religiosas são observadas em práticas impressas em lugares, signos e símbolos repletos de sentidos e significados, criadores de espaços de sociabilidades, que ligam as pessoas entre si. Desse modo, a partir das definições supracitadas, o objetivo do presente trabalho consiste em apresentar à comunidade acadêmica alguns remédios caseiros produzidos por idosos de duas comunidades rurais, uma no município de Livramento de Nossa Senhora, e outra, em Palmas de Monte Alto, ambas localizadas na região do sertão produtivo da Bahia, próximas à cidade de Guanambi, onde localiza-se o campus da Universidade do Estado da Bahia (UNEB). Evidências mostram a importância do conhecimento popular no cuidado com a saúde, por meio da produção de remédios caseiros, de rituais e da religião. Dessa forma, observa-se o quanto é relevante o reconhecimento da diversidade cultural para a execução de práticas de cura. Portanto, este tema tem muito a contribuir nas ações e nos projetos voltados à saúde da população.
O ENSINO REMOTO E OS IMPACTOS NO PROCESSO DE LETRAMENTO E ALFABETIZAÇÃO DA PRIMEIRA INFÂNCIA EM TEMPOS DE PANDEMIA
Authors: Baltazar Lorrayane Alves dos Santos
Published: May 2023

Para dar conta de delinear a discussão aqui intentada, este artigo se subdivide em três seções, em que se discutirão, num primeiro momento, o letramento e a alfabetização; num segundo, as questões relacionadas ao processo de ensino remoto em tempos de pandemia; por fim, será apresentada a análise descritiva do caso de Ana.
UMA EXPERIÊNCIA DE PESQUISA-AÇÃO COM ASSISTENTES SOCIAIS DE GOIÂNIA: A VIOLÊNCIA EM QUESTÃO, DANOS À SAÚDE MENTAL E ESTRATÉGIA DE RESISTÊNCIA
Authors: Teixeira Júlia Rodrigues
Published: May 2023

Em março de 2022, esta atividade foi aprovada como linha de pesquisa do Grupo de Estudos Religião, Teologia e Sociologia (GERETES), sob o título Religião, Literatura Sagrada e Serviço Social. Atribuímos esta participação ao fato de o trabalho ser protagonizado pelo próprio grupo de assistentes sociais, pela resolutividade nos encaminhamentos das demandas debatidas, e sua aderência a realidade do trabalho profissional delas. Ademais, a temática mensal debatida é escolhida pelas próprias assistentes sociais, de forma que o protagonismo pode ser indicado como fator preponderante para a participação da maioria, para a superação dos danos à saúde mental dessas mulheres, mas também, como estratégia de resistência diante da fragilidade das condições de trabalho.
MENINGKATKAN MUTU PENDIDIKAN MELALUI MANAJEMEN PENINGKATAN MUTU BERBASIS SEKOLAH (MPMBS)
Authors: Siti Nurhasanah  , Hajar Elvira Sitna , Subhi Imam
Published: May 2023

Salah satu permasalahan pendidikan yang dihadapi oleh bangsa Indonesia adalah rendahnya mutu pendidikan pada setiap jenjang dan satuan pendidikan, khususnya pendidikan dasar dan menengah. Abad ke-21 merupakan momentum yang penuh tantangan bagi Negara berkembang seperti Indonesia. Keberadaan manajemen mutu terpadu dalam pendidikan bukanlah suatu strategi manajemen yang muncul tiba-tiba, tetapi telah dilatarbelakangi perkembangan scientific management, dan perkembangan dunia industri di Jepang, Amerika dan Inggris. Apabila kita berbicara mengenai Manajemen Peningkatan Mutu Berbasis Sekolah (MPMBS) maka tidak terlepas dari total quality management dalam dunia pendidikan yang sering disebut dengan total quality education (TQE). Karena itu untuk meningkatkan mutu pendidikan dalam sekolah diperlukan penerapan manajemen mutu terpadu dalam pendidikan dan MPMBS merupakan bagian darinya.
KASUS PERNIKAHAN DINI: DALAM KOMPILASI HUKUM ISLAM
Authors: Dini Permana Sari Dini Permana Sari
Published: May 2023

Pernikahan dalam Islam merupakan anjuran untuk kemaslahatan umat Islam secara keseluruhan. Alasan ideologis, bahwa pernikahan dini akan memperbanyak keturunan, menambah populasi umat Islam. Analisa Kasus Pernikahan Dini dalam berbagai perspektif Dari data UNICEF tentang pernikahan dini dan contoh kasus pernikahan dini di Indonesia, yang telah disebutkan sebelumnya, menunjukkan dinamika pengetahuan tentang pernikahan di masyarakat khususnya di Indonesia. Keabsahan pernikahan dalam Islam diatur dalam rukun nikah dan syarat-syaratnya, yang telah dicantumkan dalam Kompilasi Huum Islam. Konsep Pernikahan Dalam Islam 1. Konsep Pernikahan Dini Pernikahan dini artinya penyatuan atau ikatan laki-laki dan perempuan yang dilakukan pada usia dini. Studi Kasus Pernikahan Dini 1. Sebelum melakukan analisa hukum terhadap kasus tersebut, maka perlu memahami pengertian pernikahan dini, batasan umur dalam pandangan hukum positif dan psikologis.
DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS
Authors: Zulfiqri Muammar
Published: May 2023

Setiap fase perkembangan memiliki sejumlah tugas perkembangan yang harus dilakukan individu dengan baik. Tugas perkembangan ini berkaitan dengan sikap, perilaku atau kemampuan yang harus dimiliki individu tergantung pada usia atau tingkat perkembangannya. Islam telah menginformasikan kepada kita tentang pentingnya menjaga dan mengontrol perkembangan psikologi manusia secara bertahap. Sesungguhnya Islam mengajarkan umatnya untuk menjaga dan memelihara proses perkembangan manusia tidak hanya pada fase prenatal, tetapi jauh sebelum manusia menjadi janin dalam kandungan. Sumber tugas perkembangan adalah: persyaratan norma agama, kematangan fisik, persyaratan budaya masyarakat, serta persyaratan dan usul dan usaha individu. Paling sedikit terdapat 6 (enam) tugas perkembangan, yaitu; Tugas Perkembangan Bayi dan Anak, Sekolah Dasar, Masa Dewasa Awal, Masa Dewasa Tengah, dan Tugas Perkembangan pada Lansia Ini didasarkan pada penelitian dengan menggunakan metode ilmiah yang dapat berubah dari waktu ke waktu, atau berdasarkan perkembangan ilmu sosial.
ANALISIS METODE NUMBERED HEAD TOGETHER TERHADAP KEAKTIFAN BELAJAR SISWA
Authors: Fatkha Magfirotul , Alam F Ahmad Yury , Fajarwati Indah
Published: May 2023

This study aims to determine whether the application of the NHT (Numbered Head Together) type of cooperative learning model can increase the learning activity of class XII-A students of SMA Nurul Islah in PAI subjects. The type of this research is descriptive qualitative research. The subjects of this research are students of SMA Nurul Islah class XII-A even semester of the academic year 2022/2023 while the object of research is the activity of class XII-A students of SMA Nurul Islah in the subject of Islamic Religious Education. From the results of this research, it is stated that the learning activity of class XII-A SMA Nurul Islah students in PAI subjects using the Number Head Together model has increased. This is shown based on the results of the analysis of the observation sheet, the analysis of the transcription of the video recordings and the analysis of the transcription of the interview recordings of the students, it was concluded that the students were quite active. This can be seen from the analysis of the observation sheet data which says 66.14% of students are quite active to active, and also from the transcription of video recordings that show an active and cooperative learning process in accordance with the Numbered Heads Together method.
Predictors of short-term mortality in HIV-infected patients admitted to Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Pereira Marco Aurélio Bulhões , Nunes Raphael Pinheiro , Bertelli Vinicius Thiago Conde , Oliveira Vanessa Marcon de , Gubert Vanessa Terezinha , Oliveira Ana Lúcia Lyrio de
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Historically, complications of HIV infection have been related to admissions to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Despite therapeutic advances, the results of the analysis of prognostic factors in patients with HIV/AIDS have varied, including late diagnosis and failure to adhere to antiretroviral treatment. Objective: To evaluate the predictors of short-term mortality in HIV-infected patients admitted to the ICU, as well as their sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. Methods: A retrospective cohort study including patients admitted to the ICU of a teaching hospital from 2003 through 2012. Data were collected from medical records after the Institutional Review Board approval. Results: 148 HIV-infected patients were identified and 131 were eligible. Among included patients, 42.75% were HIV new diagnoses and 5.34% had no information about the time of diagnosis. The main reasons for admission to the ICU were respiratory failure and sepsis while mortality was 70.23% between 2003 and 2012. Among the risk factors for mortality were low albumin, high APACHE, low CD4+ T lymphocyte count, and not using antiretroviral therapy. Conclusion: Despite the availability of diagnosis and treatment for HIV-infected individuals, the number of new cases of advanced Aids diagnosed in high-complexity services such as ICU is high, as well as the non-use of combination antiretroviral therapy. It is necessary to strengthen anti-HIV screening to detect and treat more cases in the early stages.
Trombose venosa plantar: uma causa incomum de dor em região plantar
Authors: Ramos Marianne Ariely Andretta , Santana Taiane Costa , Unser Vinícius , Amaro Fernanda Regina Piotto , Roncato Roberto Simeão , Fornazari Maria Gabriela
Published: May 2023

Introdução: A trombose de veias plantares é uma condição rara que pode cursar com dor, edema e dificuldade na deambulação. Apresenta uma série de fatores predisponentes, como cirurgias recentes, uso de anticoncepcional oral, trauma local, entre outros. A realização de exame de imagem é essencial para o diagnóstico, sendo a ultrassonografia a modalidade de escolha. Quanto ao tratamento, não há consenso na literatura. Relato: Relatamos o caso de uma paciente de 30 anos que procurou atendimento médico de urgência com queixa de dor de forte intensidade, súbita, em região plantar do pé direito com dificuldade de deambulação. Ao exame físico, observou-se hiperalgesia em região plantar com irradiação para panturrilha, associada a empastamento da mesma. O ecodoppler colorido identificou trombo agudo em veia plantar medial. Optou-se pela prescrição de rivaroxabana, a qual foi substituída por ácido acetilsalicílico após três meses. A paciente evoluiu bem e recebeu alta do tratamento após 11 meses. Conclusão: A trombose de veias plantares é rara e tem uma alta gama de diagnósticos diferenciais, de forma que o profissional médico deve manter um alto nível de suspeição clínica. Para aperfeiçoar seu diagnóstico e tratamento, seria necessária a inclusão das veias plantares aos protocolos de investigação de pacientes com suspeita de Trombose Venosa Profunda, e pesquisas clínicas que elucidassem os melhores métodos terapêuticos.
Fatores clínicos e não clínicos que influenciam o cadastro técnico para transplante renal: estudo transversal
Authors: Dall’Agnol Juliana , Schwartz Eda , Zanin Vanclei
Published: May 2023

Introdução: A doença renal crônica é um problema de saúde pública mundial, pois está associada ao alto risco de mortalidade, baixa qualidade de vida e elevado custo ao sistema de saúde. Objetivo: Identificar os possíveis fatores que podem influenciar o acesso ao cadastro técnico para transplante renal. Método: Estudo transversal de análise descritiva realizado em seis serviços de diálise da Metade Sul do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Participaram desse estudo pacientes maiores de 18 anos nos anos de 2016 e 2017. As variáveis demográficas e clínicas foram submetidas ao teste qui-quadrado de Pearson utilizando o Software Stata para a análise estatística. Pesquisa aprovada pelo Comitê de Ética 1.386385. Resultados: dos 314 pacientes em hemodiálise 228 (72,6%) não estavam no cadastro técnico para transplante renal. Os fatores clínicos e não clínicos que apresentaram significância estatística foram: idade (p<0,01), renda (p<0,01) possuir filhos (p=0,01), tempo de diagnóstico (p=0,01) e tempo em hemodiálise (p=0,01). Conclusão: Há uma proporção substancial de 72,6% pacientes em hemodiálise que não estão no cadastro técnico para transplante renal. A identificação dos fatores que influenciam no cadastro contribui tanto gerencial quanto teoricamente pois, possibilita que a equipe de saúde e os gestores possam direcionar estratégias para o cuidado em saúde mais adequado. Os profissionais de saúde devem estar cientes do impacto que esses fatores exercem e que podem oferecer risco de complicações que inviabilizem o cadastro técnico para transplante renal.
Genomic constellations of RVA detected in Brazil from 1986 to 2016: a temporal and geographical distribution and occurrence of reassortments
Authors: Barros Gerlane dos Santos , Barreto Débora Machado , Jesus Myrela Conceição Santos de , Batista Marcus Vinicius de Aragão
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Species A rotavirus (RVA) infections are a major cause of severe gastroenteritis in children of <5 years worldwide. In Brazil, before vaccination, RVA was associated with 3.5 million episodes of acute diarrheal disease per year. Due to the segmented nature of their genomes, rotaviruses can exchange genes during co-infections, and generate new virus strains and new reinfections. Objective: To evaluate the genomic diversity of RVA isolated in Brazil in 30 years, between 1986 to 2016, to investigate possible changes in the frequency of genotype constellations before and after the implementation of the vaccine. Methods: In total, 4,474 nucleotide sequences were obtained from the Virus Variation Database. Genomic constellation was compared, and the proportion of rotavirus genotypes was analyzed by time and geographic region. Results: Our results showed that major known genotypes were circulating in the country during the period under analysis, with a prevalence of the G1P[8] Wa-like genotype, decreasing only in the period immediately after the introduction of the vaccine. Regarding the geographical distribution, most of our constellations, 62 (39.2%), and 50 (31.6%) were concentrated in the North and Northeast regions. Our analysis also showed the circulation of multiple strains during the periods when the DS-1-like and AU-1-like genotypes were co-circulating with the Wa-like genotype. Conclusion: Therefore, it is likely that inter-genogroup reassortments are still occurring in Brazil and so it is important to establish an efficient surveillance system to follow the emergence of novel reassorted strains that might not be targeted by the vaccine.
Manifestações clínicas da COVID-19 em crianças e adolescentes admitidos para terapia intensiva na cidade de São Carlos: uma série de casos
Authors: Sartoreli Ana Luiza Carvalho , Carvalho Carlos Henrique Araújo de , Ferreira Esther Angelica Luiz , Valete-Rosalino Claudia Maria , Valete Cristina Ortiz Sobrinho
Published: May 2023

Introdução: Crianças com COVID-19 podem ser assintomáticas ou podem ter apresentação clínica heterogênea. O objetivo desta série de casos foi relatar as manifestações clínicas da COVID-19 em crianças e adolescentes internados em unidade de terapia intensiva pediátrica (UTIP) na cidade de São Carlos, Brasil, durante 2020 e 2021. Relatos: Os casos foram seis crianças com idade entre 3 meses e 13 anos, com COVID-19. Os dados foram coletados do prontuário eletrônico. Todos os casos foram contactantes domiciliares de algum caso de COVID-19. Dois casos se apresentaram como síndrome multissistêmica inflamatória (MIS-C), sendo um destes com icterícia e ascite. Um caso manifestou convulsão. Um caso necessitou de ventilação mecânica invasiva e dois casos apresentaram sintomas gastrointestinais. Não foi observado óbito entre os casos e o tempo de permanência na UTIP variou de 0 a 16 dias. Conclusão: Nos seis casos relatados, a COVID-19 revelou manifestações clínicas variadas, com rápida resolução e não foi observado óbito. É importante enfatizar que a história de contato com uma pessoa sintomática respiratória deveria guiar a suspeita de COVID-19 em crianças e indicar acompanhamento, uma vez que esta doença pode ser grave nesta população.
Parallel reconstruction of the excitatory and inhibitory inputs received by single neurons reveals the synaptic basis of recurrent spiking
Authors: Bartram Julian , Franke Felix , Kumar Sreedhar Saseendran , Buccino Alessio Paolo , Xue Xiaohan , Gänswein Tobias , Schröter Manuel , Kim Taehoon , Kasuba Krishna Chaitanya , Hierlemann Andreas
Published: May 2023

Self-sustained recurrent activity in cortical networks is thought to be important for multiple crucial processes, including circuit development and homeostasis. Yet, the precise relationship between synaptic input patterns and the spiking output of individual neurons remains largely unresolved. Here, we developed, validated and applied a novel in vitro experimental platform and analytical procedures that provide – for individual neurons – simultaneous excitatory and inhibitory synaptic activity estimates during recurrent network activity. Our approach combines whole-network high-density microelectrode array (HD-MEA) recordings from rat neuronal cultures with patch clamping and enables a comprehensive mapping and characterization of active incoming connections to single postsynaptic neurons. We found that, during network states with excitation(E)-inhibition(I) balance, postsynaptic spiking often coincided with the maxima of fast fluctuations in the input E/I ratio. These spike-associated E/I ratio escalations were largely due to a rapid bidirectional change in synaptic inhibition that was modulated by the network-activity level. Our approach also uncovered the underlying circuit architecture and we show that individual neurons received a few key inhibitory connections – often from special hub neurons – that were instrumental in controlling postsynaptic spiking. Balanced network theory predicts dynamical regimes governed by small and rapid input fluctuation and featuring a fast neuronal responsiveness. Our findings – obtained in self-organized neuronal cultures – suggest that the emergence of these favorable regimes and associated network architectures is an inherent property of cortical networks in general.
Cerebellar Activation Bidirectionally Regulates Nucleus Accumbens Core and Medial Shell
Authors: D’Ambra Alexa F. , Vlasov Ksenia , Jung Se Jung , Ganesan Swetha , Antzoulatos Evan G. , Fioravante Diasynou
Published: May 2023

Although the cerebellum is now recognized as part of a long-range brain network that serves limbic functions and motivated behavior, knowledge of cerebello-limbic connectivity is limited, and nothing is known about how the cerebellum connects functionally to the nucleus accumbens (NAc). Here, we report that stimulation of cerebellar nuclei in mice of both sexes modulates spiking activity in both NAc core and medial shell with fast excitation and slower, less synchronized inhibition. Fast responses would be well poised to support rapid communication of information critical to the control of motivated behavior, whereas slower responses may be suggestive of a regulatory function, such as gain control. Tracing experiments to chart cerebellar nuclei-NAc pathways identified disynaptic pathways that recruit the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and intralaminar thalamus (Centromedial and Parafascicular nuclei) as intermediary nodes. Optogenetic activation of cerebellar axons in each of these nodes was sufficient to evoke responses in both NAc core and medial shell, albeit with distinct, node-dependent properties. These pathways and the functional connectivity they support could underlie the role of the cerebellum in motivated behavior.
Genetic and dietary modulators of the inflammatory response in the gastro-intestinal tract of the BXD mouse genetic reference population
Authors: Li Xiaoxu , Morel Jean-David , Benegiamo Giorgia , Poisson Johanne , Bachmann Alexis , Rapin Alexis , Williams Evan , Perino Alessia , Schoonjans Kristina , Sleiman Maroun Bou , Auwerx Johan
Published: May 2023

Inflammatory gut disorders, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), can be impacted by dietary, environmental and genetic factors. While the incidence of IBD is increasing worldwide, we still lack a complete understanding of the gene-by-environment interactions underlying inflammation and IBD. Here, we profiled the colon transcriptome of 52 BXD mouse strains fed with a chow or high-fat diet (HFD) and identified a subset of BXD strains that exhibit an IBD-like transcriptome signature on HFD, indicating that an interplay of genetics and diet can significantly affect intestinal inflammation. Using gene co-expression analyses, we identified modules that are enriched for IBD-dysregulated genes and found that these IBD-related modules share
cis
-regulatory elements that are responsive to the STAT2, SMAD3, and REL transcription factors. We used module quantitative trait locus (ModQTL) analyses to identify genetic loci associated with the expression of these modules. Through a prioritization scheme involving systems genetics in the mouse and integration with external human datasets, we identified
Muc4
and
Epha6
as the top candidates mediating differences in HFD-driven intestinal inflammation. This work provides insights into the contribution of genetics and diet to IBD risk and identifies two candidate genes,
MUC4
and
EPHA6
, that may mediate IBD susceptibility in humans.
Inhibitory CCK+ basket synapse defects in mouse models of dystroglycanopathy
Authors: Jahncke Jennifer N. , Miller Daniel S. , Krush Milana , Schnell Eric , Wright Kevin M.
Published: May 2023

Dystroglycan (Dag1) is a transmembrane glycoprotein that links the extracellular matrix to the actin cytoskeleton. Mutations in
Dag1
or the genes required for its glycosylation result in dystroglycanopathy, a type of congenital muscular dystrophy characterized by a wide range of phenotypes including muscle weakness, brain defects, and cognitive impairment. We investigated interneuron (IN) development, synaptic function, and associated seizure susceptibility in multiple mouse models that reflect the wide phenotypic range of dystroglycanopathy neuropathology. Mice that model severe dystroglycanopathy due to forebrain deletion of
Dag1
or
POMT2
, which is required for Dystroglycan glycosylation, show significant impairment of CCK
+
/CB
1
R
+
IN development. CCK
+
/CB
1
R
+
IN axons failed to properly target the somatodendritic compartment of pyramidal neurons in the hippocampus, resulting in synaptic defects and increased seizure susceptibility. Mice lacking the intracellular domain of Dystroglycan have milder defects in CCK
+
/CB1R
+
IN axon targeting, but exhibit dramatic changes in inhibitory synaptic function, indicating a critical postsynaptic role of this domain. In contrast, CCK
+
/CB
1
R
+
IN synaptic function and seizure susceptibility was normal in mice that model mild dystroglycanopathy due to partially reduced Dystroglycan glycosylation. Collectively, these data show that inhibitory synaptic defects and elevated seizure susceptibility are hallmarks of severe dystroglycanopathy, and show that Dystroglycan plays an important role in organizing functional inhibitory synapse assembly.
Variations in the Terminal Branches of Brachial Artery- A Cadaveric Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Raghavendra DR , Minz Smita , Chaganti Gangadhar , Repalle Sravanthi , Krishnaiah M
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Brachial Artery (BA) begins as a continuation of axillary artery at the distal border of teres major, it appears in the cubital fossa, where it ends at the level of the neck of radius by dividing into radial and ulnar arteries. Common Interosseous Artery (CIA) is the largest branch of Ulnar Artery (UA) and arises in the cubital fossa. The terminal branches of BA at elbow are clinically important since they are responsible for the arterial supply to the forearm and hand. These arteries may get damaged during fractures of the elbow. Aim: To know the variations in the terminal branches of the BA at elbow. Materials and Methods: The present cross-sectional cadaveric study was done on 40 upper limbs from embalmed adult human cadavers in the Department of Anatomy, Kamineni Institute of Medical Sciences, Narketpally, Telangana, India, from August 2017 to August 2019. Dissection of BA in arm and cubital fossa was carried out according to Cunningham’s manual of practical anatomy. The distance of division of BA into radial and UA and distance of origin of CIA from Inter Epicondylar Line (IEL) of humerus were noted. Results: In present study, 20 right-side specimens and 20 left- side specimens were obtained. Among 20 cadavers used, 16 were male cadavers and four were female cadavers. The mean distance (D1) of normal division of BA into the Radial Artery (RA) and UA at elbow was 2.8 cm below the imaginary line joining the medial and IEL. The mean distance (D2) of normal origin of CIA was 6.8 cm below the imaginary line joining the medial and lateral epicondyles of the humerus (IEL). CIA arising from the UA was present in 37 specimens (92.5%) and in the rest three specimens Anterior Interosseous Artery (AIA) and Posterior Interosseous Artery (PIA) arose directly from the UA. Conclusion: The present study has found variations in site of division of terminal branches of the BA at elbow in three specimens
Comparison of Point of Care Ultrasound and Magnetic Resonance Imaging for the Diagnosis of Necrotising Soft Tissue Infections: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Chellathurai Amarnath , Adaikalam Thangalakshmi , Chelliah Nellaiappan , Raju Bharathi Priya , Gnanasigamani Sathyan , Murugesan Shyamala
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Necrotising fasciitis requires a high index of clinical suspicion in the early stages since it is difficult to distinguish it from common skin diseases like cellulitis or harmless wound infections. Despite improvements in antibiotic therapy and intensive care, Necrotising Soft Tissue Infections (NSTIs) still have a high mortality rate. Point-of-Care Ultrasound (POCUS) can increase the efficiency and precision of diagnostics. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) has a higher sensitivity and specificity in diagnosing the infection. However, Computed Tomography (CT) and MRI are not always readily available in clinical practice settings and can have other drawbacks, such as being a time-consuming and expensive method. Aim: To define how POCUS can be used as an initial and primary modality for diagnosis of NSTI. Materials and Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Radiodiagnosis, Stanley Medical College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, from April 2021 to March 2022. A total number of 40 patients of any age group and sex, who were suspected to have soft tissue infections were included. After doing a bedside ultrasound in all 40 patients, in 36 MRI was performed. MRI was considered the gold standard technique in the diagnosis of NSTI. The Ultrasonography (USG) and MRI findings were compared. The imaging findings taken into consideration for predicting NSTI include subcutaneous thickening, subcutaneous fluid collection, muscular oedema, and subcutaneous air pockets. Sensitivity, specificity, Positive Predictive Value (PPV), and Negative Predictive Value (NPV) were calculated. Results: The mean age of study population was 52 years. The incidence in males was 62.5% (25 patients) and in females was 37.5% (15 patients). The lower limb was the most frequently affected site involving the 25 (62.5%) patients. Out of 40 patients, 38 patients had subcutaneous thickening, 28 patients had subcutaneous fluid collection, 20 patients had muscular oedema and 13 patients had subcutaneous air pockets. Out of 13 patients who had subcutaneous air pockets four people had extensive air pockets and the USG findings were obscured in that four cases due to reverberation artifacts caused by air pockets. In the current study, POCUS has a sensitivity of 93.5%, specificity of 80%, PPV of 96%, NPV of 66.67%, and accuracy of 91.67%. Conclusion: According to the observations, the present study concluded that POCUS has a higher sensitivity in diagnosing NSTI.
Influence of Plant Density and Fertilization on the Growth and Seed Yield of Bunching Onion (Allium fistulosum L.)
Authors: Sarkar Anamika , Khatun Khaleda , Mostarin Tahmina , Shil Sautam Kumar , Uzzaman Md. Khokon , Anika Fairuj , Biswas Akash kumar , Nourin Nushrat , Nawar Afra , Ferdousi Aysha Jannatul
Published: May 2023

An experiment was conducted at the Horticulture farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka during the period from November 2020 to April 2021 to study the influence of plant density and fertilization on the growth and seed yield of bunching onion. The experiment consisted of three levels of spacing (Viz. S1= 20 cm x 10 cm, S2= 20 cm x 15 cm, S3= 20 cm x 20 cm) and four levels of fertilizers (Viz. F0= No Application (control), F1= N57.5kgP66kgK45kgS10kgV6t/ha, F2= N57.5kgP66kgK45kgS10kg PM6t/ha, F3= N115kgP132kgK90kgS20kgV3tPM3t/ha). The two-factor experiment was carried out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications and 12 treatments. Growth and yield of bunching onion were influenced by the different spacing. The S3 treatment resulted in the highest number of leaves (8.16), dry matter content in leaves (10.098%), number of seeds per umbel (496.56), thousand seed weight (3.64g). The maximum seed yield per hectare (1065 kg) was observed from S1 treatment. Different levels of fertilizer had also significant influence on yield of bunching onion. The highest number of leaves (8.80), thousand seed weight (4.08g) and seed yield per hectare (1056.3 kg) were found from the F3 treatment. The highest seed yield (1260 kg/ha) with net income (Tk.699991.4) and BCR (2.26) were observed from S1F3 treatment combination, while the lowest seed yield (700.2 kg/ha) with net income (Tk.258214.25) and BCR (1.56) were observed from S3F0 treatment combination. So, economic analysis revealed that the S1F3 treatment combination appeared to the best for achieving the higher yield and economic benefit of bunching onion.
Deciphering the Genetic Identity and Fidelity of Banana Genotype Musa acuminata through Molecular Fingerprinting
Authors: More S. S. , Janvale G. B. , Wagh S. G. , Kadam K. D. , Akhare A. A.
Published: May 2023

Micropropagation for extensive production of elite planting materials is an effective and superior alternative to suckers and conventional means of propagation of Musa spp. The present investigation was carried out to evaluate the genetic identity of different micropropagated banana genotypes Grand Naine, Shrimantee and Basrai. Further micropropagated banana genotypes Grand Naine comparing with mother plant during different stages of subculture using Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) and Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR). Moreover, for micropropagation explants (suckers) were inoculated on initiation medium containing MS (Murashige and Skoog) supplemented  with 5 mg/l BAP (Benzyl amino purine) and 39 mg/l AdSO4 (Adenine sulphate). The second, third and fourth subcultures were carried out to separate all multiple shoots. Furthermore, for rooting MS media fortified with growth hormones viz., 2 mg/l BAP, 1mg/l IBA (Indole-3-butyric Acid) and 200mg/l activated charcoal were used under present investigation. Findings revealed that 90 % and 75 % plantlets were successfully established during primary hardening in controlled and natural field condition. Further, 26 primers were screened from that 20 primers (ISSR and SSR) showed 146 clear, reproducible and scorable bands ranging from 100-2000 base pairs produced. The banding pattern of these randomly selected plants was monomorphic with mother plant of all selected genotype that confirmed the clonal uniformity.
A Family of Nested General Linear Methods for Solving Ordinary Differential Equations
Authors: Olatunji Peter O.
Published: May 2023

General linear methods (GLMs) was introduced as a generalization of Runge{Kutta methods (RKMs) and linear multistep methods (LMMs). The discovery of general linear method gave insight into the discovery of new methods that are neither RKMs or LMMs. Here, new classes of GLMs that are nested in their stages and mono-implicit in the output are presented, these methods are referred to as nested general linear methods (NGLMs). Procedures for deriving members that are algebraically stable are discussed herein and algebraically stable NGLMs have been derived up to order p = 5. Implementation procedure of these nested general linear methods which include the solution of non-linear systems of equations by simplified Newton iterations and step size changing strategy are discussed. The order p = 3 NGLM has been implemented on two test problems by variable step size, and the results compared with the results of MATLAB ode15s and RADAU IIA.
Biological Management of Bacterial Leaf Blight of Rice (Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae) through Rice Rhizosphere Antagonist Actinobacteria
Authors: Ashwini S. , Prashanthi S. K. , Krishnaraj P. U. , Iliger K. S. , Kolur Shruthi Mallikarjun
Published: May 2023

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a staple food crop for more than two billion people around the world. Bacterial leaf blight (BLB) caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) (Ishimiya) Swings et al. is one of the most destructive diseases of rice in all the major rice-growing. Use of antibiotics is the common practice for the management of BLB, but it has detrimental effect on human health and environment. Hence other eco-friendly strategies like biological control and host plant resistance (HPR) should be effectively exploited for BLB management. An attempt was made to manage the disease using actinobacteria isolated from rice rhizosphere. Among sixteen actinobacterial isolates, six were selected for secondary screening based on disc diffusion assay. Out of six isolates AUDT-502 produced maximum zone of inhibition (1.81 cm) followed by AUDT-508 (1.62 cm) and were evaluated under glasshouse condition. AUDT-502 (Streptomyces rimosus) appeared as the most promising bio agent which was able to inhibit the pathogen (Xoo) both in in vitro and in vivo condition. AUDT-502 increased the plant growth parameters like number of tillers (5.73), plant height (56.85 cm), root length (34.33cm) and dry root weight (3.90g) and also reduced the leaf blight lesion length and per cent disease index (4.43 per cent) significantly when compared to other treatments. The current study thus showed that there was a good correlation between in vitro inhibition of the pathogen and the in vivo control of the disease and AUDT-502 (Streptomyces rimosus) appears to be a hopeful bioagent for the management of bacterial leaf blight of rice.
Assessment of Major Problems Faced by Coastal Farmers of India
Authors: Bhat Shripad , Singh Monica , Lamani Koteshi , Kumar Dinesh
Published: May 2023

The coastal ecosystem is important from both economic and ecological points of view owing to the abundance of natural resources, and diversity and its role in supporting livelihoods. However, coastal agriculture faces multiple challenges such as cyclones, flooding, salinity, seawater intrusion, etc. which affect the production systems and livelihoods of farmers. To identify and rank the problems faced by coastal farmers, we undertook this research study using an online questionnaire with Google-Form and collected responses from 69 respondents covering all the coastal states and Union Territories (UTs) during 2022. The responses were analysed using Garrett’s technique for ranking the reported problems. Our study indicated that the problem of pests & diseases (I), weather-related problems (II) and marketing & prices (III) were the major problems faced by farmers in the agriculture & horticulture sector. While in the animal husbandry & poultry sector, fodder shortage, higher feed cost and lower productivity & profitability were the major problems. In the field of fisheries, shortage of good quality fish seeds (I), lower profitability (II) and lower catch (III) were identified as the major problems.
The Beneficial Effects of Photobiomodulation to Reduce Intraocular Pressure in Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma
Authors: Boudghene A. Chaoui , Ahmed T. I. Braik , Belbachir K. , Ghalia H. Benkazdali
Published: May 2023

Purpose: The aim of this trail was to study the efficacy of photobiomodulation (PBM) treatment to reduce the intraocular pressure in subjects with primary open angle glaucoma disease.

Methods: Twenty eyes suffering from open angle glaucoma with high IOP level were selected, examined and treated with Thera-RED light diode system. The subjects were divided into two groups (n=10); treated and placebo group respectively; this system provide two lights (red at 660n.m continue and Near IR light micro-pulsed at 850 n.m), the patients received two series of treatment (ten per month within three months between every series of sessions) over five months and follow up taking ocular pressure measurements after every diode delivery session.

Results: A significant decrease in IOP has been observed from the first month of the treatment compared to the placebo group (from 22.6mmHg before treatment to 15 mmHg after the tenth session) this amelioration has been also remarked during the second session of treatment (fifth month) to attempt 14.2 mmHg. 

Conclusion: Thera-RED light diode system  treatment shows a significant  decrease of  IOP and remained to be stable under 14.2 mmHg in all the follow up, which  confirm that photobiomodulation  help in reducing   the intraocular pressure  in glaucomatous patients .
M.A.M.O.N.:
Authors: Bragança Maurício de , Caminha Marina
Published: May 2023

Este artigo analisa o curta-metragem M.A.M.O.N., dirigido por Alejandro Damiani e lançado em 2016, que trata da construção do muro entre o México e os Estados Unidos. O filme elaborou uma crítica contrária à principal plataforma de campanha de Donald Trump, então candidato do Partido Republicano à Presidência da República dos EUA. Matizado pelas referências cômicas, discute as disputas territoriais entre os dois países, utilizando a imagem do muro como espaço de luta. Num primeiro momento, discorremos sobre as questões relacionadas ao espaço da fronteira, sistematizadas especialmente pela presença do muro como dispositivo de tensionamento geopolítico contemporâneo. Em seguida, evidenciamos como as marcas cômicas do filme, enquadrado pelo deboche e pela caricatura como estratégia discursiva, mobilizam um projeto imagético que instaura a ideia de ocupação e resistência.
ESCUTA MUSICAL:
Authors: Faria Nilton de Carvalho , Vargas Herom
Published: May 2023

Este artigo analisa a experiência comunicacional de oficinas de escuta musical. As músicas usadas nas atividades valorizam entremeios semióticos, culturais e estéticas do Sul Global. O caminho teórico-metodológico propõe abordar os regimes da música pop ao demostrar os critérios de escolha de algumas obras híbridas, posicionadas em fronteiras culturais; levar essas produções musicais às oficinas; identificar os saberes e perspectivas culturais acionados nos processos comunicacionais da escuta; e propor uma análise semiótica que aproxima dados empíricos das oficinas e a enunciação das obras. O objetivo deste trabalho é considerar som e escuta como experiência comunicacional de diferenças e alteridade, capaz de atualizar a memória midiática e os regimes da música pop nas mídias.