bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A study on knowledge, attitude and practice of antibiotic usage and resistance among medical students in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Kaavya S  , Yamuna devi M S  , Srinivasan V
Published: April 2021

Antibiotic resistance is a worldwide public health concern due to improper usage, increases morbidity, prolongs hospital stay duration and risk of mortality. Antibiotics are magic bullets against many microbial and bacterial infections. Doctors are using antibiotics in almost all treatments starting from the common cold to serious open-heart surgery. This study was done to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice on antibiotic usage and its resistance against microbial infections. About 169 medical undergraduates were briefed about the KAP questionnaire (detailed assessment of 4 parameters for knowledge, 5 parameters for attitude and 4 parameters for practice) and distributed to third year and final year medical students. Descriptive statistics was used to analyse the various parameters. About 83.72% of the participants were aware that excessive and inappropriate use of antibiotics causes ineffective therapy. About 53.84% were aware about the adverse effect profile of the antibiotic. 65.22% of the participants felt the emerging issue of antibiotic resistance due to inappropriate drug usage. They were conscious that antibiotics are advantageous for bacterial infection. The students had a good attitude, a majority had moderate knowledge and practice towards antibiotics use. The medical professionals are to be well trained about the rational prescribing pattern of antibiotics, adverse effects of drugs and antibiotic resistance.
Pharmacognostic evaluation, estimation of phenolic, ϐlavonoid composition and antioxidant activity of Aspidopterys indica (Willd.)W.Theob: An endemic plant to peninsular India
Authors: Udaya Chandrika P  , Sunitha K
Published: April 2021

Aspidopterys indica (Willd.)W.Theob is endemic plant to Peninsular India belonging to family Malpighiaceae commonly known as  Chuttakulaa-tigga. The study aims to explore Pharmacognostic, Phytochemical evaluation, Total Phenolic, Flavonoid Content and Antioxidant Activities.The Pharmacognostic study comprises of Ultrasonic extraction, microscopy of Leaf and stem, fluorescence investigation, ash values, extractive values, Loss on drying, foaming index, crude fiber content, total phenolic and flavonoid content, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity and Nitric oxide scavenging activities were assessed.The leaf shows presence of paracytic stomata, T shaped trichomes, Stem shows presence of vessels and pith. The physicochemical characters assessed as Total Ash value 10%, Water insoluble ash 0.5%, acid insoluble ash 8.5%, sulphated ash 4.2%, alcoholic extractive value 16.8%, water soluble extractive value 17.6%, chloroform extractive value 0.8%, Loss on drying 3.36%, Foaming index is <100, crude fiber content is 2.4%, phytoconstituents like tannins, flavonoids, phytosterols and alkaloids, carbohydrates are available in methanol, aqueous, chloroform extracts. Total phenolic content turned greatest in methanolic extract (90.69±2.86 mg GAE/g), Aqueous extract showed maximum total flavonoid content (109.89±0.33mg of QE/g). Methanolic extract indicated most intense 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging action IC50(134.97±8.37) whereas aqueous extract is potent to exclude nitrile radical IC50108.00±4.18). Total phenolic content - DPPH scavenging assay are positively correlated. The microscopical, physicochemical parameters are valuable to authenticate the identification and purity of the drug. A.indica is a perspective source of antioxidants.
O FIM DO (JUS)POSITIVISMO?
Authors: Moura Melo Iago , Afonso-Rocha Rick
Published: April 2021

Este trabalho explora as possibilidades de ser do (jus)positivismo, a partir de um enfoque fenomenológico-hermenêutico. Visa a perquirir uma resposta ativa ao problema formulado por Streck, no locus da jurisdição constitucional, que questiona as condições de possibilidade do positivismo jurídico diante do fenômeno da virada linguística. Pergunta-se se se trata efetivamente do fim do (jus)positivismo ou se a doutrina fenomenológico-existencial do direito traduziria uma expressão mais autêntica daquele modo de pensar, a partir de uma reflexão sobre a polissemia da palavra fim. Objetiva, assim, constatar que, com a aludida viragem, o deslocamento, na linguagem, da relação epistemológica sujeito-objeto para a relação hermenêutica sujeito-sujeito, e sobretudo com o recurso aos estudos de Martin Heidegger, a justeoria passa a habitar um novo lugar, que se cumpre na pesquisa fenomenológica pelo justo concreto, enquanto proposta hermenêutica. O fenômeno jurídico, tido sob os horizontes de uma ontologia fundamental, encontra o seu fim, isto é, tem-lhe descortinado, ao revés de seu término, um novo lugar e uma nova finalidade. A pergunta pelo que o direito é, instada pela fenomenologia existencial, permite que se inaugure um novo modo de ser do juspositivismo, que indaga sobre o jurídico posto não como o ser em sua totalidade, mas como fenômeno. Em última instância, constata-se a inauguração um novo telos para a justeoria, que poderá traduzir a revisão de um projeto prévio compreensivo subjetivista. Em sentido amplo, emprega o método especulativo-hermenêutico. Administra o método antropofágico, como proposto por Oswald de Andrade. Utiliza a técnica bibliográfica, desde um enfoque exploratório.
ESTUDO DE CASOS DE INOVAÇÕES NAS RECUPERAÇÕES DE CRÉDITO DE PESSOAS JURÍDICAS EMPRESÁRIAS
Authors: Sales Lilia Maia de Morais , Camara Manuela Brito
Published: April 2021

O crédito é um instituto importante para a economia, pois possibilita o investimento e, com isso, ocasiona o progresso econômico. Em razão disso, é essencial que a recuperação de crédito seja eficiente para que não haja um desequilíbrio econômico da relação creditícia, o qual pode atingir a sociedade como um todo. A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo demonstrar possibilidades de inovação nas recuperações de crédito de empresas para que estas tenham uma maior eficiência. Para tanto, será utilizada metodologia descritiva e exploratória com pesquisa bibliográfica, documental e de campo, com entrevistas realizadas com as empresas identificadas como inovadoras nas formas de recuperação de crédito, com entrevistas realizadas junto às empresas identificadas como inovadoras em sua forma de trabalhar a recuperação de crédito. Na exposição dos resultados encontrados, o presente artigo apresenta a necessidade de inovações nas recuperações de crédito de empresas, analisa experiências reais de recuperação de crédito de sociedades empresárias que apresentam inovações e, em seguida, expõe a base que permeia tais inovações, explanando as técnicas que possibilitam aludida eficiência. Por fim, em sede de conclusão, destaca que as soluções inovadoras imprimem um novo olhar ao devedor, priorizando-o, o que possibilita que a sua dignidade humana seja garantida.
TRANSPARÊNCIA TRIBUTÁRIA E EFICIÊNCIA ARRECADATÓRIA: ANÁLISE DE DADOS EMPÍRICOS
Authors: Vettorato Gustavo , Afonso José Roberto Rodrigues , Fuck Luciano Felício
Published: April 2021

A transparência tributária e a eficiência arrecatória. Pesquisa empírica com Administrações Tributárias e sua relação com os contribuintes, com analise dos comportamentos dos contribuintes e agentes fiscais no confronto entre os índices de transparência do contencioso administrativo tributário e as quantidades de lançamentos de ofício em situações de erro/omissão/sonegação.
A VERDADE COMO UM DIREITO HUMANO E FUNDAMENTAL NO CONTEXTO DO ESTADO DEMOCRÁTICO DE DIREITO
Authors: Serrano Jiménez Pablo
Published: April 2021

O presente artigo tem como objetivo discutir o problema da verdade no contexto do Estado Democrático de Direito moderno. Trata-se de uma questão relevante à justificação e ao fundamento das escolhas e reformas das políticas, econômicas e jurídicas. Por meio de uma pesquisa doutrinária (teórica), jusfilosófica e documental, alerta-se acerca do direito à verdade que todo cidadão tem no campo decisional político, econômico e jurídico. O ensaio discute a questão das inverdades como motivo ou causa dos atuais problemas sociais e jurídico, quando há necessidade de reformas. Discute-se o efeito negativo da verdade permeada de influências ideológicas e seus efeitos na negação da dignidade e do desenvolvimento. A metodologia eleita foi o método dedutivo, por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental (normativa) brasileiras e estrangeiras, tendo como marcos teóricos as obras “Os problemas da verdade no Estado Constitucional”, de Peter Häberle, “Práticas da argumentação jurídica: técnicas do raciocínio e da persuasão judicial”, de Pablo Jiménez Serrano, nelas se definem os critérios para uma verdade prática e a natureza complexa das verdades jurídicas. Conclui-se que existe um direito humano à verdade, razão pela qual os cidadãos têm direito à verdade num Estado Democrático de Direito onde se almeja a cidadania, a justiça e o bem comum.
LAWFARE E PROCESSO PENAL DEMOCRÁTICO: DESAFIOS DA CONSTRUÇÃO PARTICIPADA E RACIONAL DO MÉRITO PROCESSUAL
Authors: Costa Fabricio Veiga , Campos Alisson Thiago de Assis
Published: April 2021

O objetivo da presente pesquisa é compreender os fundamentos teóricos do instituto do lawfare, de modo a demonstrar sua incompatibilidade com o processo penal democrático brasileiro. Etimologicamente lawfare advém das expressões “lei” e “guerra”, tendo sido cunhada especialmente pelo direito norte-americano após o atentado de 11 de setembro de 2001. A partir de então, a lei passou a ser vista como um instrumento para uma guerra simbólica e silenciosa, ou seja, utiliza-se da lei para punir autocraticamente os sujeitos considerados inimigos do Estado (terroristas). O referido instituto tem sido veladamente aplicado no direito brasileiro, por meio de uma jurisprudência defensiva que prioriza um modelo autocrático de processo penal inquisitivo, que prestigia a punição dos ditos “inimigos do Estado e da sociedade civil” (políticos envolvidos em escândalos de corrupção; pedófilos, chefes de organizações criminosas, por exemplo). Por meio de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, documental, análises temáticas, teóricas, interpretativas e críticas, demonstrou-se que o lawfare contraria o modelo constitucional de processo penal democrático, tendo em vista que torna inviável a formação participada do mérito processual, cerceia o direito de defesa do acusado, além de enaltecer o protagonismo e a discricionariedade judicial.
Use Of Māori (People, Images And Practices) In New Zealand’s Diplomacy: An Examination Of Symbolism
Authors: Ngawati Nicola
Published: April 2021

The network of diplomatic posts operated by the New Zealand Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade (the Ministry) represent New Zealand on the international stage. Staffed by a combination of diplomatic and locally engaged staff, these posts are New Zealand’s face to the world. A small proportion of the diplomatic staff are Māori (indigenous). Māori art and imagery are used extensively throughout these posts. This research examines the use of Māori (people, images and practices) in New Zealand’s diplomacy. In particular, how specific aspects of New Zealand’s diplomatic practice draw on Māori cultural practices or imagery and what is intended or understood by the symbolism inherent in their use. In the context of the wider physical environment utilized by New Zealand’s offshore presence, these issues are considered through the theoretical lenses of diplomatic symbolism, architectural diplomacy, representation and the use of works of art as image building diplomacy.

In addition to a series of semi-structured interviews with key Ministry staff and an analysis of relevant documents of interest, case studies are utilized. Two of these examine how New Zealand is physically represented in an overseas posting environment in two Pacific contexts. One, a long-standing diplomatic representation in Rarotonga in the Cook Islands (part of the Realm of New Zealand which is self-governing in free association with New Zealand – with close cultural ties with Māori in New Zealand), and the second in a newer relationship in Noumea, New Caledonia (an overseas territory of France). The final case study – Canberra- considers New Zealand’s close relationship with Australia.

Key research findings illustrate the Ministry (and by extension New Zealand) uses various forms of bicultural symbolism (through the use or display of Māori taonga, objects and art forms) to represent New Zealand internationally. In addition, this use of bicultural symbolism does not adequately consider the disconnect between the outward face of the Ministry and the inward realities (specifically related to the position of Māori staff and the Ministry’s policy function). The research contribution will add to knowledge about New Zealand’s diplomatic thought and practice and address the gap in the literature of how New Zealand has used diplomatic symbolism in relation to Māori to express a collective identity as part of New Zealand’s diplomacy.
Communication Patterns and Media Technology Role in Organization and Society During Pandemic
Authors: Putri Andhita Vidya , Irwansyah Irwansyah
Published: April 2021

Covid-19 pandemic as the background of the Work From Home (WFH) policy is believed to have increased major participation in communication technology and changed communication patterns. The research aims to know the implementation of WFH during the pandemic, the use of communication technology, the communication patterns during WFH have changed from face to face to Computer Mediated Communication (CMC), and the important factors for the success of WFH. A qualitative method with a descriptive case study approach and a semi-structured interview technique are used. The theory is media richness theory. The results showed that WFH offered advantages and disadvantages for employees and organizations. WFH featured various types of technology/media, from lean to rich. Communication technology plays an important role during WFH which causes changes in communication patterns. Different technologies/media vary in its ability to reproduce messages. During WFH, CMC creates a different climate than face to face communication, because CMC is not as rich as face to face communication. In implementing WFH, even after the pandemic, it is necessary to pay attention to the needs of organizations and employees and the main factors of successful WFH implementation so that WFH can be as effective as working in an office.
Preservation of the Intellect: Developing Research Skills among IIUM Undergraduates
Authors: Eid Iyad Muhammad , Rokis Rohaiza , Al-Attas SH Fatimah , Sulaiman Szariannie
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this paper is to prove that undergraduates have the capacity to be engaged in conducting empirical research and generating knowledge. It discusses the outcomes of a recent research training programme offered to undergraduates at the International Islamic University Malaysia. The training programme was organized and conducted by the Department of Sociology and Anthropology. As of early 2020, about 700 undergraduates, including those studying at different departments at the Kulliyyah of Islamic Revealed Knowledge and Human Sciences (KIRKHS) have been trained. Working in teams, the undergraduates produced remarkable research projects presented in the form of written reports, oral presentations, and open discussions. To document these papers, the first social research collection book titled “Khalduniyyat” was submitted to the respective faculty, KIRKHS, for review and publication. This paper is based on a qualitative research approach, employing semi-structured interviews with fifteen academics who supervised or attended the training activities. Further, the paper reflects on the feedback provided by the trainees. The originality of this research paper is presented by showing how the programme explored and enhanced the intellectual capabilities of IIUM undergraduates, that resulted in the enhancement of their research skills equivalent to postgraduate level
Mapping of Education Information Networks in Community of Cintaratu Village Pangandaran
Authors: Dewi Evie Ariadne Shinta , Aristi Nindi , Rachmaniar Rachmaniar
Published: April 2021

This article is based on the results of research which the aim is to find out how is mapping of the education information dissemination network in the community of Cintaratu village, Pangandaran district. The reason for choosing the topic was that Padjadjaran University (Unpad) campus is in the village and it is assumed that the presence of the university in the village could improve the quality of education of its people. To confirm this assumption, it is necessary to map the education sector information network. We use qualitative methods which approach is a descriptive study, the researchers conducted a mapping of educational information dissemination. The main informants of this study are the community and village officials. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, passive participatory observation, and literature studies. The finding of the research are as follows, 1) the initial mapping of educational information dissemination to the community was carried out through direct communication, namely through two major activities - recitation and celebration; 2) recitation and celebration are two activities that are susceptible to physical noise-causing information related to education not conveyed properly to the public. Effective communication does not occur in these two activities.
Covid-19, Harassment and Social Media: A Study of Gender-Based Violence Facilitated by Technology During the Pandemic
Authors: Jatmiko Mochamad Iqbal , Syukron Muh. , Mekarsari Yesi
Published: April 2021

The transition of all individual activities in the home gives rise to two forms of violence against women, such as domestic violence and online sexual violence. Specifically, this article argues that independent quarantine during the COVID-19 pandemic has shifted the orientation of community sexual violence to technology-facilitated sexual abuse. Social media networks become a trajectory of changes in sexual violence that was initially physical into online sexual violence. This research uses a qualitative method with a case study approach to understanding the phenomenon of online sexual violence. The data presented here refer to the experiences of four survivors with different backgrounds and stories. The results show that technology has facilitated digital abuse, which impacts a series of dangerous behaviors experienced in social media. Women, as part of social media users, are very vulnerable to experiencing online sexual violence from personal relationships, boyfriend, friendship, and relatives. Space and time in the real world folded in such a way as to provide opportunities for the reality of virtual networks to become a realm of gender-based violence. At the same time, the neutrality of social media then turns into a means of supporting gender inequality
Índices Morfofisiológicos e Uso de Radiação Solar por um Cultivo de Cana-de-Açúcar Irrigada no Semiárido Brasileiro (Morphophysiological Indices and Radiation Use by an Irrigated Sugarcane Crop in the Brazilian Semi-Arid)
Authors: Silva Thieres George Freire da , Moura Magna Soelma Beserra de , Zolnier Sérgio , Souza Luciana Sandra Bastos de , Carmo José Francisco Alves do
Published: April 2021

Os índices morfofisiológicos e parâmetros de eficiência do uso de radiação foram determinados para a cana-de-açúcar irrigada, RB92579. O experimento foi conduzido no município de Juazeiro-BA, Semiárido brasileiro. Foram obtidas medições de biomassa seca acumulada pelas folhas, colmos e total da parte aérea, e do índice de área foliar. Adicionalmente, dados de radiação solar global e de radiação fotossinteticamente ativa foram medidos acima e abaixo do dossel da cultura. Por meio desses dados foram calculados os índices morfofisiológicos, a fração da radiação fotossinteticamente ativa (fRFA), o coeficiente de extinção (ke), o uso eficiente de radiação (UER) e a eficiência fotossintética (EFT). A taxa de crescimento absoluto aumentou substancialmente até atingir o valor máximo de 41,8 g m-2 d-1 aos 200 dias após o corte (DAC). O valor máximo de fRFA foi em torno de 99%, permanecendo constante dos 213 DAC até o final do ciclo. A magnitude do parâmetro ke foi 0,72. Baseado nas medições do BSTPA verificou-se que os valores aproximados de EFT e UER foram 2,67 g MJ-1 e 1,29 g MJ-1, respectivamente. Os resultados mostraram que a cana-de-açúcar irrigada no Semiárido brasileiro possui padrões de crescimento superiores aos de outros ambientes de cultivo registrados na literatura.  A B S T R A C T The morphphysiological indices and parameters of radiation use efficiency were determined for irrigated sugarcane, RB92579 cultivar. The experiment was carried out in the district of Juazeiro, State of the Bahia, located in the Brazilian semi-arid. Measurements of dry biomass accumulated by leaves, stalk and total shoot, and leaf area index (LAI) were carried out. Additionally, global solar radiation and photosynthetic active radiation were measured above and below the crop canopy. Using these data, morphphysiological indices, the photosynthetic active radiation fraction (fPAR), the extinction coefficient (ke), the radiation efficient use (REU) and the photosynthetic efficiency (PTE) were calculated. The absolute growth rate tended to increase substantially until reaching the maximum value of 41.8 g m-2 d-1, which was observed 200 days after cutting (DAC). The maximum value of the fPAR was around 99%, remaining constant from 213 DAC until the end of the crop cycle. The magnitude of the ke parameter was 0.72. Based on measurements of DBTS, it was verified that the approximate values of the PTE and REU were 2.67 g MJ-1 and 1.29 g MJ-1, respectively. Results showed that the irrigated sugarcane has excellent growth patterns when cultivated under semi-arid conditions when compared to others environments cited in literature. Keywords: growth, extinction coefficient, radiation use efficiency.
Chuvas intensas para a Microrregião de Pau dos Ferros-RN (Intense Rainfall for Microregion of Pau dos Ferros-RN)
Authors: Santos Wesley De Oliveira , Feitosa Alex Pinheiro , Vale Hudson Salatiel Marques , Costa Danniely de Oliveira , De Brito Raimundo Fernandes , Queiroz Rosana Fernandes , Sobrinho José Espínola , Lemos Filho Luis César de Aquino
Published: April 2021

A precipitação pluviométrica apresenta importância para os estudos climáticos, pois ocasiona implicações, quando ocorrida em excesso (precipitação intensa). Os dados pluviométricos diários das precipitações máximas anuais para a microrregião de Pau dos Ferros, formada por dezessete municípios, foram disponibilizados pela EMPARN – (Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária do Rio Grande do Norte) no período de 1964 a 2011 (48 anos) com o objetivo de analisar o ajuste dos dados de precipitação máxima a distribuição de Gumbel por meio do teste de aderência de Kolmogorov-Smirnov ao nível de 5% de probabilidade utilizando o software R Version 2.12.1 e estimar a precipitação máxima diária anual para diferentes períodos de retorno (2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100 e 500 anos) para auxiliar no planejamento de obras hidráulicas. 11 dos 17 municípios apresentaram ajuste dos dados de precipitação à distribuição de Gumbel, ou seja, 64,71% das amostras dos dados de precipitação seguem a distribuição de Gumbel. Os dados de precipitação máxima diária anual apresentaram ajuste ao modelo probabilístico de Gumbel, isso indica a possibilidade de realizar estimativas das chuvas máximas para os períodos de retorno de (2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100 e 500 anos) que servem de referência para o planejamento de obras hidráulicas.  A B S T R A C T Rainfall has importance for climate studies, because it causes implications when occurring in excess (heavy precipitation). The daily rainfall data of annual maximum precipitation for the micro region of Pau dos Ferros, comprising seventeen counties, were provided by EMPARN - (Agricultural Research Company of Rio Grande do Norte) in the period 1964-2011 (48 years) with the objective analyzing data adjustment of the maximum precipitation Gumbel distribution through the test Kolmogorov-Smirnov at 5% probability using the software R Version 2.12.1 and estimate the likely annual maximum daily precipitation for different periods return (2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100 and 500 years) to assist in the planning of hydraulic works. Eleven of the 17 counties showed adjustment of the precipitation data to the Gumbel distribution, in other words 64.71 % of the precipitation data samples following the Gumbel distribution. The maximum daily precipitation data showed annual adjustment to the probabilistic model of Gumbel, this indicates the possibility of estimates of maximum rainfall for return periods (2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100 and 500 years) that serve as reference for planning waterworks. Keywords: precipitation, extreme events, gumbel.
Indicadores de Vulnerabilidade Ambiental (Environmental Vulnerability Indicators)
Authors: Magalhães Vanderlei Leopold , Cunha José Edézio da , Nóbrega Maria Teresa de
Published: April 2021

O município de Marechal Cândido Rondon, como toda a região oeste do Estado do Paraná, tem sua economia voltada ao setor agrícola. Neste sentido, pesquisas que valorizem o meio físico têm sido indicadas como necessárias para avaliar o potencial ecológico e a vulnerabilidade ambiental da região. Assim, este trabalho objetivou levantar informações sobre a estrutura geoecológica e socioeconômica do distrito de Margarida, pertencente a este munícipio, particularmente da bacia hidrográfica de primeira ordem – sanga Clara. Estas informações foram obtidas com trabalhos de campo que incluíram estudos morfológicos e pedológicos, registros fotográficos, além de entrevistas aos proprietários de terras na bacia. Estes dados, associados aos documentos cartográficos (mapa de hipsometria, mapa de solos e mapa de uso do solo), pautados nos procedimentos teóricos e metodológicos da análise estrutural da cobertura pedológica e na análise sistêmica, permitiram identificar as classes de maior e menor vulnerabilidade da estrutura geoecológica da bacia sanga Clara e seu entorno, representadas no mapa de vulnerabilidade ambiental. As atividades implantadas, nas últimas duas décadas, como a piscicultura, embora tenham auxiliado na renda familiar dos proprietários, condicionou impactos ambientais nos fundos de vale, como a retirada da mata ciliar e problemas de erosão. Nas áreas de topo, apesar de apresentar fraca vulnerabilidade, a instalação da vila tem acelerado a evolução de processos erosivos do topo em direção à baixa vertente, processos estes agravados pela impermeabilização do solo pela camada asfáltica e pelo inadequado fluxo concentrado de água pluvial da drenagem urbana, desconsiderando o formato da bacia.
Evolução do Uso do Solo no Arquipélago Mutum-Porto Rico, Alto Rio Paraná, no período de 2000 – 2010.
Authors: De Castro Paulo Henrique Marques , Siqueira Vendrame Pedro Rodolfo , Coelho Pereira Neto Osvaldo , Terceiro Correa Geraldo , Peccinini Pinese José Paulo
Published: April 2021

Desde a década de 1950 o processo de uso e ocupação do solo no arquipélago Mutum-Porto Rico, localizado no alto Rio Paraná, divisa entre os Estados do Paraná e Mato Grosso do Sul, promoveu diversas mudanças no quadro ambiental do arquipélago, principalmente em relação à vegetação. Para entendimento desse processo utilizou-se como base o mapeamento do uso do solo proposto por Correa (1988), que teve como recorte temporal o período de 1952 a 1996. Para obtenção de um quadro atual, este estudo propõe o mapeamento dos anos de 2000, 2005 e 2010, através da análise temporal da paisagem apoiado em imagens de satélite Landsat 5 TM, aplicadas a técnicas de sensoriamento remoto digital e geoprocessamento. A partir dos resultados obtidos é possível observar que o arquipélago tem sido modificado por eventos distintos das décadas anteriores, havendo atualmente um processo de recuperação da vegetação das ilhas.
Variabilidade da Temperatura Média do Ar no Estado da Paraíba-Brasil (Variability of the Temperature Range of Air in the Paraíba State-Brazil)
Authors: Medeiros Raimundo Mainar de , Francisco Paulo Roberto Megna , Santos Djail , Silva Lindberg Lucena da , Bandeira Maria Marle
Published: April 2021

A temperatura é, provavelmente, uma das grandezas físicas mais medidas e está de algum modo presente nas mais variadas situações, do nosso dia-a-dia. Os processos físicos e os fenômenos meteorológicos dependem quase sempre da temperatura, o que a torna um parâmetro de maior relevância. Este trabalho teve como objetivo a elaboração da média mensal histórica do estado da Paraíba dos últimos trinta anos, mapear e realizar análise acerca da variabilidade mensal da temperatura. Foram utilizados dados de temperatura mensais de 216 postos pluviométricos, com 30 ou mais anos de registros (1984 a 2014). Foram utilizados os softwares Estima_T para gerar e o Surfer 9.0 para elaborar a estatística através da krigeagem e produzidos mapas. A utilização da geoestatística apresentou resultados satisfatórios quanto à estimativa da temperatura obtida pelo método de interpolação de Krigagem estando condizentes com as características climatológicas locais da região, tanto na distribuição espacial quanto sazonal da temperatura; a distribuição espacial da temperatura apresentou grande variabilidade para ambos os meses estudados, com variação de aproximadamente de 5ºC na distribuição anual da temperatura; o mês de fevereiro apresenta os maiores valores de temperatura com uma variação de 2ºC; em agosto, apresenta os menores valores de temperatura.
Desenvolvimento e Calibração de um Termohigrômetro para uso em Pesquisas de Micrometeorologia, Agrometeorologia e Clima (Development and calibration of a Thermohygrometer for use in Research Micrometeorology, Agrometeorology and Climatological)
Authors: Neves Geraldo Aparecido Rodrigues , Nogueira José de Souza , Biudes Marcelo Sacardi , Arruda Paulo Henrique Zanella de , Marques João Basso , Palácios Rafael da Silva
Published: April 2021

A utilização de sensores para medidas de temperatura e umidade relativa do ar (UR) são fundamentais para o desenvolvimento da micrometeorologia, na agrometeorologia para o manejo de irrigação, clima urbano, pesquisas ambientais de microclima e climatologia. Apesar de simples, o alto custo desses sensores dificulta sua aquisição para que haja a disponibilidade de séries temporais, dessas variáveis, nas cidades, campo e florestas brasileiras. Nesse contexto, desenvolvemos um termohigrômetro, utilizando o chip sensor SHT75, para medir a Temperatura e Umidade Relativa do Ar em ambientes externos, de acordo com a (WMO) e com eficiência compatível com os mais conceituados disponíveis no mercado. Após o desenvolvimento, foram feitas as calibrações dos sensores, utilizando equipamentos similares comerciais certificados. Realizamos comparações através do ajuste de modelos lineares dos dados. Os resultados mostraram que houve alta correlação entre os valores obtidos pelos sensores, construídos e os de referencia, com R2 acima de 99% e redução de custos de até 90%.
Korelasi antara Usia dan Derajat Osteoartritis Sendi Lutut Berdasarkan Sistem Klasifikasi Kellgren-Lawrence di RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung Tahun 2019-2020
Authors: Sibarani Jonathan J , Kuntara Atta , Rasyid Renaldi P H N
Published: April 2021

Osteoarthritis is a joint disease that commonly causes disability in the elderly. Thisresearch aimed to find the correlation between age and primary knee osteoarthritis gradeaccording to the Kellgren-Lawrence classification system in patients in the Department ofRadiology of RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung. This research was a cross-sectional study. Thisresearch used Spearman’s correlation method. This research used X-ray results from theDepartment of Radiology of RSHS from 1 January 2019-29 February 2020 (n=67). The grade ofknee osteoarthritis was diagnosed by a radiology consultant of RSHS. This study found thatprimary knee osteoarthritis was most commonly found in the 55-59 years age group, as many as14 patients (20,9%) and least commonly found in the 40-44 years age group, as many as 2 patients(3%). Severe osteoarthritis was most commonly found in the 55-59 years age group and 60-64years age group with the number of severe osteoarthritis patients within each age group were 3patients (33,3%). The correlation coefficient was -0,15 (p=0,224) hence there was no correlationbetween age and grade of primary knee osteoarthritis. Conclusion, there was no correlationbetween age and grade of primary knee osteoarthritis in the Radiology Department of RSHS in2019-2020.Keywords: Age; correlation; Kellgren-Lawrence; primary knee osteoarthritis
Efficacy of Shallot (Allium cepa L. Var. aggregatum) and Garlic (Allium sativum) as Herbal Anthelmintic against Ascaris suum
Authors: Dibfiora Rona , Situmorang Evi U M , Firmansyah Rita D
Published: April 2021

Ascariasis is a disease caused by Ascaris lumbricoides (in human) or Ascaris suum (inpigs). Indonesia is a country that has a high rate of worm infection due to poverty, poor sanitation,and the difficulty of clean water access. Treatment that can be given to reduce the incidence of Ascariasis could be natural ingredients, such as Shallots (Allium cepa L. Var. aggregatum) andGarlic (Allium sativum). The aim of this research is to determine the effectiveness of Allium cepaand Allium sativum extract against the lethal effect and obtain a comparison. The sample of thisresearch was tested on 5 adult worms A.suum with three-time repetitions. The extract was madeby remaceration method in three concentrations, 6%, 9%, and 24%, and observed in 24 hours.The result by Kruskall-Wallis non-parametric test of A. cepa L. Var. aggregatum and A. sativumextract is p=0,000, and p=0,003, respectively. This result shows that both extracts havesignificant lethal effect. Post Hoc LSD test shows that A. cepa L. Var. aggregatum extract has amore significant value compared to A. sativum. The conclusion of this study is Allium cepa L.Var. Aggregatum extract is more effective than Allium sativum extract as anthelmintic of A.suum.

Keywords: Allium cepa L. Var. aggregatum; Allium sativum; Anthelmintic; Ascaris suum; Shallot
Semi-Fixed Space Maintainer Treatment In Premature Loss Deciduous Tooth
Authors: Clara Nabila , . Jeffrey
Published: April 2021

Introduction: The period of deciduous teeth is an important period in child development. Damage to deciduous teeth that occur and cannot be treated conservatively will cause premature decay of teeth which is often called premature loss. A space maintainer is a passive tool used to maintain dental arches due to premature loss of deciduous teeth. Method: An 11-year-old girl accompanied by her mother came to RSGMP Unjani in 2018 with complaints of lower right back teeth missing because they have removed. The patient's mother is worried that her replacement teeth will not grow properly. Intraoral examination revealed tooth loss 85. The study model was analyzed using the Moyers method. Results: Analysis of the lower jaw model showed excess space. Patients were treated with a semi-fixed band and loop space maintainer on teeth 85. Conclusion: Premature loss results in excess space in the arch, so as to prevent further occlusion abnormalities in the child's growth and development process, we need a special tool used to maintain space due to premature loss of deciduous teeth.
The Effects of Differences in Post Canal Widths on Microleakage in Prefabricated Fiber Reinforced Composites
Authors: Sugianitri Ni Kadek
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Fiber Reinforced Composite (FRC) post is one of the choices in post root canal treatment. Resin cement polymerization results in shrinkage, creating micro gaps between the FRC posts and the root canal wall. This study aimed to find microleakage differences of prefabricated FRC posts with different root canal diameters. Methods: Twenty four maxillary central incisors were used, the root length was 13 mm from the apex. The root canal was prepared with conventional technique and then filled with a single cone technique. Samples were divided into 4 treatment groups of 1.2 mm, 1.4 mm, 1.6 mm and 1.8 mm diameter, cemented, then coated with sticky wax and nail polish and immersed in 2% methylene blue liquid and put into an incubator at 37o for 72 hours. Objects were divided into two mesiodistal directions, observed under a 20x-magnification stereomicroscope. Results: Kruskal-Wallis test showed significant differences in all treatment groups (p <0.05). Mann-Whitney test showed differences between groups (p<0.05) of Ø 1.2 mm and Ø 1.6 mm, Ø 1.2 mm and Ø 1.8 mm, and Ø 1.4 mm and Ø 1.8 mm group. Discussion: The main cause of microleakage at the edge of restoration is because the resin cannot completely close the edges, resulting in shrinkage and contraction during polymerization of the composite resin. Conclusion: There were microleakage in the four groups, the wider root canal might lead to greater microleakage.

Keyword?Microleakage, FRC, root canal diameters.
OPTIMIZATION OF WORKING TIME PROFESSIONALS IN THE FIELD OF PROCUREMENT OF GOODS, WORKS AND SERVICES FOR STATE AND MUNICIPAL NEEDS
Authors:   GAOU VO «Moscow Metropolitan Governance University», PASHKOV Pavel Aleksandrovich , GORLOV Viktor Vladimirovich ,   GAOU VO «Moscow Metropolitan Governance University»
Published: April 2021

The question of rationing the working time of a procurement specialist in the modern history of Russia is open. The share of purchases in the state segment of a huge amount of resources.127 ТРУД И СОЦИАЛЬНАЯ СФЕРА Development of regulations, recommendations for accounting and standardization of labor for specialists in the provision of services to optimize labor resources in the procurement sector. The article analyzes the costs of working time of procurement specialists, contract managers. It was revealed that the contractual system in the field of procurement is based on a significant number of labor functions. It has been established that labor standards depend on the level of training of procurement specialists. The main goal of a procurement specialist is the efficient use of funds allocated to meet state, municipal and corporate needs. The article calculates the composition of working time by cost elements. The structure of time expenditures of procurement specialists, contract managers by parameters is proposed: name of work; time spent, in minutes; concretization of work. In the course of the study, the time intervals of specific actions were recorded during the procurement procedures according to the following parameters: the indicator of the time spent by the respondent for one operation; number of respondents; average time for each position in one operation. Using the presented work flow chart of labor efficiency can vary the number of procedures and any other indicator of the work process. The conducted research will allow the managers of customers to balance the workforce and avoid negative consequences.
INNOVATIVE STRATEGIES OF TRADING BUSINESS IN THE CONDITIONS OF SINGULARITY
Authors:   Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, IVANOV Gennady Gennad’evich , GALAYDA Alexander Mihajlovich ,   Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, MATOSYAN Vladimir Armenovich ,   Plekhanov Russian University of Economics
Published: April 2021

The article is devoted to the formation of the foundations of the fundamental justification of the objective need to work out a set of measures using information technologies to reduce the uncertainty factors and risks that arise in modern business conditions in the trade industry. Also, in this study, attention is paid to the study of the possibilities and ways of applying digitalization in the industry. Modern digital technologies, which have already found wide application, are focused on ensuring consumer demand, the formation of high-quality and affordable trade services (which is especially important in the context of modern restrictions). The formation of a product offer today for many organizations in the retail sector is based on online solutions that are becoming more and more popular. In addition, the choice of a development strategy and the formation of a product offer focused on the end customer affects the survival of trade organizations.
KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS AND THEIR USE IN MANAGING THE IMPLEMENTATION OF MUNICIPAL INNOVATION POLICY (THEORETICAL QUESTIONS)
Authors:   Odintsovo Branch of the Moscow State Institute of International Relations, STEPANOV Alexander Annayarovich , SAVINA Margarita Vitalyevna ,   Russian state social university, POTEKHINA Elena Vitalyevna ,   Russian state social university
Published: April 2021

The article discusses the theoretical and methodological issues of the use of key performance indicators KPI as a tool for managing the implementation of the innovation policy of municipalities; the features of their application are disclosed, taking into account the specifics of the functioning of the municipal economy; substantiated the advantages of their use in the practice of developing and implementing the innovation policy of municipalities.
MARKETING AND LOGISTICS SOLUTIONS IN THE PRODUCTION ACTIVITIES OF INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES
Authors:   Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, STEPANOV Vladimir Ivanovich , ANDREEV Sergey Nikolaevich ,   Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, RYKALINA Olga V ladimirovna ,   Plekhanov Russian University of Economics
Published: April 2021

The article discusses the interaction of marketing and logistics in the implementation of industrial and economic activities by industrial enterprises, the management of which may be adversely affected by really possible changes of a different nature. Moreover, the whole range of changes is divided into five groups according to the sources of their occurrence: system-wide (changes made to legislative acts in the field of taxation, investment, insurance and customs activities); industry (changes in terms of market conditions, terms of renovation of technical devices, industry standards, product certification); regional (changes regarding specific features of the region’s infrastructure); partnership (changes in the tariff policy and price characteristics of the services provided); corporate (changes in relation to the requirements for staff work). For each group, a ministudy of possible changes and reactions to them in the form of optimal and rational decisions in the implementation of joint marketing and logistics activities was conducted. The proposed solutions are part of the marketing and logistics tools, which are outsourcing and insourcing, product customization, maneuvering with inventories, relationship marketing, reengineering analysis.
MODIFIED EFFECTIVE AREA APPROACH TO ESTIMATE MOTORCYCLE EQUIVALENT UNITS IN AHMEDABAD CITY
Authors: Vyas Keval , Anovadia Jeel , Patel Ashutosh
Published: April 2021

This paper presents a methodology for estimation of Motorcycle Equivalent Units (MEU) in mixed traffic flow for motorcycle dominated traffic with increased accuracy by considering dynamic characteristics of subject vehicles, like speed and effective area. Besides, this increased accuracy is the result of the inclusion of speed of adjacent motorcycles in the form of speed ratios to estimate the effective area required by the subject vehicle at a particular speed. The effective area for each sample is computed with consideration of the effective dimensions and speed of that subject vehicle and its adjacent motorcycles on both sides in the proposed methodology. Two mid-block sections of urban roads in Ahmedabad city were selected for field data collection by videography method in this case study. The collected field data was analysed through Speed Estimation from Video Data (SEV) software. A table of classified speed ratios is also presented to derive an idea regarding the magnitude of change in lateral clearances of subject vehicles. The MEU values obtained for cars, motorcycles, rickshaws, buses, Light Commercial Vehicles (LCV), and bicycles were 3.02, 1.00, 1.84, 9.82, 6.2, and 1.9 respectively. Further, the proposed model was compared with a previously developed model to justify the increase in accuracy and to observe the variations in MEUs. The values estimated can be used to establish speed-flow relations, measure roadway capacity in urban roads, analyse the level of service in order to plan suitable traffic control and regulatory measures.
BARRIERS TO IMPLEMENTATION OF LEAN CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUES IN GUJARAT CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY
Authors: Thakkar Harshil , Shah Vismay A.
Published: April 2021

Lean construction technique has been arisen from endeavouring and applying Japanese lean manufacturing philosophy to the construction industry. Large research is being done recently and an ongoing process to adopt lean principles to the construction industry to enhance the efficacy, amelioration of waste. The success of the lean technique is evident, but some major reports indicated that major challenges are related to the Mis-conceptualisation of lean thinking, and some case studies have ascertained that the lean technique was either applied partially or erroneously. The purpose of this paper is to elucidate the lean concept, wastes in construction, features of lean project delivery, lean principles and the barriers to implementing the lean technique in the Gujarat construction industry. A compendious review of the literature had been done with the perspective of reaping pertinent data needed for the paper and to make a questionnaire. To check the reliability of data Cronbach’s alpha was used. Followed by a statistical analysis of data by Relative Important Index (RII) and ranks were given. Further analysis discovered that only nine of these barriers were determined significant, where dominant factor was Resistance to change and culture with an RII value of 0.63. The results of this study could be used to help researchers, practitioners and companies in the Gujarat construction industry to fasten their attention on the suggestive issues to the prosperous implementation of the lean concept. Lean construction technique has been arisen from endeavouring and applying Japanese lean manufacturing philosophy to the construction industry. Large research is being done recently and an ongoing process to adopt lean principles to the construction industry to enhance the efficacy, amelioration of waste. The success of the lean technique is evident, but some major reports indicated that major challenges are related to the Mis-conceptualisation of lean thinking, and some case studies have ascertained that the lean technique was either applied partially or erroneously. The purpose of this paper is to elucidate the lean concept, wastes in construction, features of lean project delivery, lean principles and the barriers to implementing the lean technique in the Gujarat construction industry. A compendious review of the literature had been done with the perspective of reaping pertinent data needed for the paper and to make a questionnaire. To check the reliability of data Cronbach’s alpha was used. Followed by a statistical analysis of data by Relative Important Index (RII) and ranks were given. Further analysis discovered that only nine of these barriers were determined significant, where dominant factor was Resistance to change and culture with an RII value of 0.63. The results of this study could be used to help researchers, practitioners and companies in the Gujarat construction industry to fasten their attention on the suggestive issues to the prosperous implementation of the lean concept.