bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Digital Forensic Analysis on Android Smartphones for Handling Cybercrime Cases
Authors: Hikmatyar Firmansyah Gustav , Sugiantoro Bambang
Published: January 2019

As the times progressed, forensic science has developed rapidly. The science of forensics extends to new areas of technology ranging from digital forensics, computer forensics and mobile forensics. Mobile forensics in analyzing and collecting data is obtained from various resources, such as operating systems, communication lines and also various storage media. The most popular mobile operating system of the day is a smartphone based on android operating system. With android technology, criminals can use that technology as a crime medium ranging from overriding crime ideas, crime targets and crime scenarios. In this Final Project use forensic mobile application to get data residing in cell phone actors, in the form of text, sound, picture and video that have or not yet deleted in smartphone. In this study, a model for investigating the crime scene is the author using the Generic Computer Forensic Investigation Model (GCFIM). On the GCFIM model the investigator may be able to return to the previous stage because of the possibility of a changeable situation (both physical and digital), the investigation tools used, the crime tools used, and the level of investigative expertise. In this research also added weighting method of word TF-IDF, where this method can help to find keyword in digital evidence in the form of word / text.
Multilingual learners learning about translanguaging through translanguaging
Authors: Choi Julie
Published: January 2019

Mobility, technology, personal and political circumstances provide enhanced opportunities for contact with new or different spaces, people, objects, and feelings. Such affordances in turn heighten possibilities for ways of thinking about or experiencing identity, agency, place, and perceptions of the world differently. In this paper, I draw on photographs, written artifacts, material objects, and interview data from two Japanese International students’ self-initiated project on undoing deeply ingrained cultural discourses and practices during their one-year study abroad program in Sydney. Using a narrative inquiry approach and drawing on ideas from translanguaging theory, I illustrate an accumulation of learning experiences that happened during the students’ out-of-classroom translanguaging practices that eventually led them to a transformational understanding of the importance of activating all of their meaning-making resources for meaningful self-development. Finally, I discuss the transformative value in enacting translanguaging practices in relation to language learning.
Satisfying Boundary Conditions in Homogeneous, Linear-Elastic and Isotropic Half-Spaces Subjected to Loads Perpendicular to the Surface: Distributed Loads on Adjacent Contact Areas
Authors: Ferretti Elena
Published: January 2019

This work originates from an experimental program on strain distribution near the loaded surface of an airfield concrete pavement,which provided us with results that contrast with the rheological predictions of Boussinesq for a homogeneous, linear-elastic and isotropic half-space. We already reviewed and extended the original work carried out by Boussinesq in previous papers, to provide a closed form second order solution that enabled us to establish a good match between analytical and experimental findings for point-loads. In this paper, we have explained why Boussinesq’s closed form solution for a homogeneous linear-elastic and isotropic half-space subjected to a point-load is not exact, as believed until now, but approximated. Then, we have shown that our second order solution is the actual solution of Boussinesq’s problem. We have also presented the numerical analysis of second order for rectangular and elliptical contact areas, both loaded by uniform and parabolic laws of external pressure. Moreover, we have evaluated the interaction effect provided on the surface of a concrete half-space by the twin wheels of an aircraft landing gear. Extension of the solution to layered systems is also possible, for improving the knowledge of stress propagation into airfield pavements and promoting more effective design standards.
A note on bi-contractive projections on spaces of vector valued
continuous functions
Authors: Botelho Fernanda , Rao T.S.S.R.K.
Published: January 2019

This paper concerns the analysis of the structure of bi-contractive
projections on spaces of vector valued continuous functions and presents
results that extend the characterization of bi-contractive projections given
by the first author. It also includes a partial generalization of these
results to affine and vector valued continuous functions from a Choquet
simplex into a Hilbert space.
Displaced Art and the Reconstruction of Memory: Ukrainian Artists from Crimea and Donbas
Authors: Lashchuk Iuliia
Published: January 2019

After the occupation of Crimea and the conflict in Eastern Ukraine, many people were forced to leave their homes and look for a new place to live. The cultural context, memories, narratives, including the scarcely built identity of artificially made sites like those from Donbas (Donetsk and Luhansk regions) and the multicultural identity of Crimea, were all destroyed and left behind. Among the people who left their roots and moved away were many artists, who naturally fell into two groups-the ones who wanted to remember and the ones who wanted to forget. The aim of this paper is to analyse the ways in which the local memory of those lost places is represented in the works of Ukrainian artists from the conflict territories, who were forced to change their dwelling- place. The main idea is to show how losing the memory of places, objects, sounds, etc. affects the continuity of personal history.
Monotone iterative technique for non-autonomous semilinear differential equations with nonlocal condition
Authors: Meraj Arshi , Pandey Dwijendra Narain
Published: January 2019

The objective of this article is to discuss the existence and uniqueness of mild solutions for a class of non-autonomous semilinear differential equations with nonlocal condition via monotone iterative method with upper and lower solutions in an ordered complete norm space X, using evolution system and measure of noncompactness.
Challenges in Implementing an E-Learning Education Program for Syringe Pump Use
Authors: Saint-Marc Patricia , Ratiney Robert , Schlatter Joël
Published: January 2019

To prevent the incidence of risks imputable to human error during the process of preparing the infusion pump, clarity in teaching and learning are required. Because traditional classroom training is difficult and time-consuming, the aim of the present study was to challenge the implementation of an e-learning education program for syringe pump use. The impact of the e-learning program was evaluated with 100 nurses between March and June 2016. The e-learning program significantly increased general baseline knowledge in syringe pump use; however, aspects of the program confused participants. The feedback from 98 % of nurses on the e-learning program was that it was effective in helping them with this skill. However, only 54 % opted for the e-learning program versus traditional training. The present study showed nurses preferred a blended learning format. Based on our hospital incident and error reports, this study shows local training requires a specific approach strategy for syringe pump education.
New Traffic Conflict Measure Based on a Potential Outcome Model
Authors: Yamada Kentaro , Kuroki Manabu
Published: January 2019

A key issue in the analysis of traffic accidents is to quantify the effectiveness of a given evasive action taken by a driver to avoid crashing. Since 1977, the widely accepted definition for this effectiveness measure, which is called traffic conflict, has been “the risk of a collision if the driver movement remains unchanged.” Although the definition is expressed counterfactually, the full power of counterfactual analysis was not utilized. In this paper, we propose a counterfactual measure of traffic conflict called Counterfactual Based Conflict (CBC). The CBC is interpreted as the probability that a driver avoided a crash actually by taking an evasive action in the counterfactual situation in which the crash would have occurred if he/she had not taken an evasive action and the crash would not have occurred if he/she had taken an evasive action. The CBC captures realistic aspects of the traffic situation, and lends itself to modern causal analysis. In addition, we provide some of identification conditions for the CBC. Furthermore, we formulate bounds on the CBC when the proposed identification conditions are violated. Finally, through an application of the CBC to the 100-Car Naturalistic Driving Study, we discuss the usefulness and limitations of the proposed measure.
Regular double p-algebras
Authors: Adams M. E. , Sankappanavar Hanamantagouda P. , de Carvalho Júlia Vaz
Published: January 2019

In this paper, we investigate the variety RDP of regular double p-algebras and its subvarieties RDP

n
, n ≥ 1, of range n. First, we present an explicit description of the subdirectly irreducible algebras (which coincide with the simple algebras) in the variety RDP
1 and show that this variety is locally finite. We also show that the lattice of subvarieties of RDP
1, LV
(RDP
1), is isomorphic to the lattice of down sets of the poset {1} ⊕ (ℕ × ℕ). We describe all the subvarieties of RDP
1 and conclude that LV
(RDP
1) is countably infinite. An equational basis for each proper subvariety of RDP
1 is given. To study the subvarieties RDP

n
with n ≥ 2, Priestley duality as it applies to regular double p-algebras is used. We show that each of these subvarieties is not locally finite. In fact, we prove that its 1-generated free algebra is infinite and that the lattice of its subvarieties has cardinality 2
ℵ
0
. We also use Priestley duality to prove that RDP and each of its subvarieties RDP

n
are generated by their finite members.
Global behavior of two third order rational difference equations with quadratic terms
Authors: Abo-Zeid R.
Published: January 2019

In this paper, we determine the forbidden sets, introduce an explicit formula for the solutions
and discuss the global behaviors of solutions of the difference equations

x

n
+
1

=

a

x

n

x

n
−
1

b

x

n
−
1

+
c

x

n
−
2

,

n
=
0
,
1
,
…

$$\begin{array}{}
\displaystyle
x_{n+1}=\frac{ax_{n}x_{n-1}}{bx_{n-1}+ cx_{n-2}},\quad n=0,1,\ldots
\end{array}
$$

where a,b,c are positive real numbers and the initial conditions x
−2,x
−1,x
0 are real numbers.
Common fixed point theorems for a class of (s, q)-contractive mappings in b-metric-like spaces and applications to integral equations
Authors: Zoto Kastriot , Rhoades Billy E. , Radenović Stojan
Published: January 2019

In this paper, we establish fixed point theorems for one and two selfmaps in b-metric-like spaces, using (s, q)-contractive and F-(ψ, φ, s, q)-contractive conditions, defined by means of altering distances and 𝓒-class functions. Our theorems unify, extend and generalize corresponding results in the literature.
Effect of Sesbania sesban on cultivation of Agaricus bisporus, Basidiomycota, and properties of spent mushroom compost outcome
Authors: Rashid Husam Mahmod , Abed Idham Ali , Owaid Mustafa Nadhim
Published: January 2019

Because wheat straw has a high cost as a feed for livestock, this work aims to use straw of Egyptian pea (Sesbania sesban) in compost preparation as an alternative for the cultivation of Agaricus bisporus. Six composts were used within this study on two mushroom strains A. bisporus (C9 and F599 strains). The type of compost has a significant (p<0.05) effect on the size of button mushroom fruits. WHS1 compost exhibited the best diameter of pileus at 5.28 cm while WCS1 compost showed the lowest diameter reaching 4.68 cm. A. bisporus C9 had the longest stipe while A. bisporus F599 has the greatest cap diameter.A. bisporus F599 showed a larger ratio of the diameter of pileus to the length of stipe (DP/ LS ratio) (1.14) compared with C9 (1.07). C:N ratios of compost decreased significantly (p<0.05) after cultivation of mushrooms because of the high increase of nitrogen content in spent mushroom compost (SMC). Finally, the straw of S. sesban is suitable as a supplement for the cultivation of A. bisporus.
Physicochemical Responses of ‘Kinnow’ Mandarins to Wax and Polyethylene Covering During Cold Storage
Authors: Miri Seied Mehdi , Salari Meysam , Ahmadpour Ahmad
Published: January 2019

This study aimed to evaluate the influence of wax, polyethylene film (19 μm thickness) and storage time on the quantitative and qualitative characteristics and shelf life of ‘Kinnow’ mandarin fruit (Citrus reticulata Blanco cv. ‘Kinnow’) stored at 5°C for 90 days. The mandarins were analyzed for physicochemical characters such as weight loss, weight of fruit, flesh, pulp, juice and peel, as well as total soluble solids (TSS) content, titratable acidity (TA), and pH. Polyethylene film wrapping reduced fresh weight loss and resulted in the highest fruit weight at the end of the 90-day cold storage period. No significant differences were found among coating treatments in pH, TSS, TA content and TSS/TA. The results revealed an increasing trend in TSS and TSS/TA during storage. It is recommended to use polyethylene coating on ‘Kinnow’ mandarins to prevent weight loss and preserve quality during storage at low temperature (5°C) up to 90 days.
The Military Policy of Isaac Komnenos at the time of battle of Petroe (1057)
Authors: Böhm Marcin
Published: January 2019

Isaac Komnenos (1007-1060) was the son of Manuel Eroticos Komnenos (955/960-c.1020), one of the associates of Basil II. Thanks to his education, Isaac later joined the imperial army (around 1042). He held the post of stratopedarches of the East and the ranks of magistros. At Easter 1057, the delegation of many military commanders presented itself before the emperor. This delegation was led by Isaac, and along with Katakalon Kekaumenos he tried to convince Michael VI to give them both the title of proedros, but the new emperor rejected their demands. They did not receive the money they counted on the part of the emperor, and he insulted them. This, in turn, became the causative factor of the rebellion, which culminated at the battle of Petroe. The attitudes and actions of Isaac Komnenos at the beginning of the rebellion cannot be unequivocally assessed. It is also difficult to say that it was his skills that were decisive for the success during the battle of Petroe, since he had a moment of breakdown, during which he wanted to leave his army and hide behind the walls of nearby Nicaea. He had a cunctator attitude and faith in the good omens. These qualities also do not reflect well on him.
Assessing the Intellectual Value of New Genre Public Art
Authors: Caldarola Elisa
Published: January 2019

Suzanne Lacy introduced the term ‘New Genre Public Art’ (NGPA) to refer to art practices that depart from those traditional of public art (such as installing works in parks and plazas) and focus instead on the direct engagement of artists with audiences to deal with pressing socio-political issues. In this paper, I argue that some works of NGPA should be valued for the intellectual value grounded in their artistic features, not dissimilarly to works of conceptual art. In developing my argument, I take distance from Vid Simoniti’s recent account of ‘Socially Engaged Art’, offer a thorough analysis of Thomas Hirschhorn’s Bataille Monument (2002) and Kathrin Bohm’s and Stefan Saffer’s Mobile Porch (1999), and submit that both such works qualify as good works of NGPA.
Design of load optimal control algorithm for smart grid based on demand response in different scenarios
Authors: Wang Chengliang , Cao Minjian , Lucas Raquel Martínez
Published: January 2019

The current game theory model method cannot accurately optimize the load control of smart grid, resulting in the problem of high load energy consumption when the smart grid is running. To address this problem, a load optimal control algorithm for smart grid based on demand response in different scenarios is proposed in this paper. The demand response of smart grid under different scenarios is described. Onthis basis, the load rate and actual load of smart grid are calculated by using the rated load of electrical appliances. The load classification of smart grid and the main factors affecting the load of smart grid are analyzed to complete the load distribution of smart grid. According to the evaluation function of smart grid, the number of load clusters is adjusted to calculate the load change rate. The trend of load curve of smart grid is analyzed to realize optimal load control of smart grid under different scenarios. The experimental results show that the proposed method has better control performance and higher accuracy through load control of smart grid.
A Revolution for the Stage – Mad Forest by Caryl Churchill
Authors: Anghel Florentina
Published: January 2019

The raw material of Caryl Churchill’s Mad Forest was extracted from the 1989 Revolution in Romania and chiselled to the essence. The play bridges reality and fiction through a cross-cultural perspective, which implies documentation, collaborative work and emotional detachment. The British playwright used innovative devices and adapted pictorial techniques to turn the Romanian Revolution into a work of art, to preserve what she considered particular and also connect the event to several of the cultural symbols Romania is associated with.
Gothicizing Domesticity – The Case of Charlotte Perkins Gilman and Edgar Allan Poe
Authors: Băniceru Ana Cristina
Published: January 2019

It is critical common knowledge that domestic narratives and the structure of traditional domesticity are subverted in Gothic fiction (Smith 2013). The household and its apparent security are threatened from within by unknown supernatural forces. What seems familiar becomes upsetting, strange and ‘unfamiliar’. Both Charlotte Perkins Gilman in “The Yellow Wall-Paper” and Edgar Allan Poe in “The Black Cat” give comparable views on American domesticity, both questioning two important aspects of domestic life (family and a blissful household). The two writers create a mad discourse in which the inexplicable and the uncanny infiltrate into reality and the sentimental domestic narrative is undermined.
Wounded Bodies and Lost Voices in Hemingway’s War Stories of Italy
Authors: Tucan Gabriela
Published: January 2019

This article dwells on three of Hemingway’s canonical short stories, set in Italy. While not entirely autobiographical, they deal with Hemingway’s inner turmoil caused by his experience during World War I. From its inarticulate nature, pain half emerges into conversations between patients and physicians in A Very Short Story and In Another Country, but disappears into silence in A Way You’ll Never Be. The paper argues that the nature of physical and mental wounds, whether visible or concealed, fails objectification.
The Symbolic Past in Graham Swift’S Last Orders
Authors: Catană Elisabeta Simona
Published: January 2019

This essay examines the concept of the past in Graham Swift’s Last Orders, showing that it is illustrated through symbols in a postmodernist manner, being associated with the figure of a dead character perceived as a living presence and with a book whose analysis can offer multiple interpretations. Focusing on the symbols of the past and evincing the metafictional condition of Graham Swift’s novel, this essay remarks that the past is open to the readers’ analysis and different interpretations.
Multimedia Technology as Means of Building Life Skills in Romanian Learners of English: The Other Side of the Story
Authors: Cozma Mihaela
Published: January 2019

The wide range of technological devices available today have clearly influenced the structure of the typical English lesson and have created new roles for the teachers and the learners of this foreign language. Starting from the case of the Romanians learners of English, the paper presents a theoretical and research approach to the manner in which multimedia technology can positively influence the development of the students’ life skills, drawing attention, at the same time, to the situations when important skills are better built and fostered by means of other teaching strategies.
Hook, Line and Sinker in Hotel Transylvania 3: Summer Vacation (2018)
Authors: Filimon Eliza Claudia
Published: January 2019

The present study stems from the question of the type of mechanisms which drive viewers to root for the main character in a movie, and it focuses on key scenes in the movie Hotel Transylvania 3: Summer Vacation (2018), which develop the main character’s personality and endear him to the audience.
From Pride and Prejudice to Death Comes to Pemberley. A Reader Oriented Study
Authors: Goşa Codruţa , Percec Dana
Published: January 2019

The paper looks at the afterlife of Jane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice as envisaged by detective fiction writer and theorist P.D. James who imagines, in one of her novels, a sequel to the famous Regency book. This intertextual connection is analysed in terms of reader orientedness, the paper describing a survey that was conducted by the two authors among MA students in humanities at the West University of Timișoara and the conclusions that were reached after processing the data of the survey.
Standard Serbian Terminological Expressions in Telecommunications and Postal Traffic Created by Borrowing and Translating English Terms
Authors: Telebaković Gordana Dimković
Published: January 2019

The primary purpose of this article is to propose standard Serbian terminological expressions for 140 English telecommunications and postal traffic terms. To achieve this aim, we adopt a synchronic lexico-semantico-translation approach and develop an eight-principle translation and standardisation model. The results of the study clearly show that Anglicisms, synonymous and polysemous terminological units, terminological gaps and imprecise translation terms cause problems. Some solutions are suggested to bridge terminological inaccuracy and to set the standard status of certain Serbian terms.
Electronic Corpora for Legal English Translator/ Interpreter Training - A Case Study
Authors: Bulatović Vesna
Published: January 2019

This article looks into the experience of using parallel and comparable corpora in the training of future legal English translators and interpreters between English and Montenegrin. Both corpora have been used extensively for many years, but the method has recently been expanded and modified to better meet the specific needs of our trainees and prepare them for the challenges of the competitive market.
An Action-Oriented Approach to Translation and Translation Studies
Authors: Vîlceanu Titela
Published: January 2019

The topicalisation of the social nature of language stems from the idea that to use language is to perform an action. The overriding criterion for evaluating language use in translation is meaningoriented since translators, as privileged language users, display norm-governed behaviour in particular socio-cultural contexts, agency refers to the socio-culturally mediated capacity to act, and praxis is the action itself.
Working with Bilingual Corpora to Enhance Legal Translation Competence
Authors: Oțăt Diana
Published: January 2019

Although there has been harmonisation work on translator training, different programmes still show a different focus. The current paper frames a training project aiming at developing Master’s students specialised translation competence while working with bilingual corpora and exploiting technology. Legal translation corpus design, analysis tools and false-friend management are addressed so as to provide further insights into such recurrent matters.
Modeling of air flow in industrial rooms
Authors: Yurkevych Yuriy , Sukholova Iryna , Kasynets Mariana
Published: January 2019

The article is devoted to the air distribution in a room by swirl and laying air jets. Dynamic parameters of air flow that is created due to swirl and laying air jets at their leakage in a room has been determined. The mathematical model of air supply with swirl and laying air jets in the industrial rooms is improved. Simulation of air flow is performed due to CFD FLUENT (Ansys FLUENT). Solution of the equation by using k-ε model of turbulence is presented. Dynamic parameters of air flow that is created due to swirl and laying air jets at their leakage at variable regime and creation of dynamic microclimate in a room has been determined. Results of experimental investigations of air supply into the room by air distribution device which creates swirl air jets for creation more intensive turbulence air flow in the room are presented. The results of theoretical researches of influence of dynamic microclimate to the human organism are presented.
Influence of the penetrability of the new bitumen and the temperature of manufacture on the resistance of the asphalt recycled to the fatigue
Authors: Abdelhak Bordjiba , Hamza Guenfoud
Published: January 2019

Climatic and traffic effects are the causes of aging of the surface layer of asphalt, which leads to the necessary renovation of the latter. The use of waste from the tread layer provides a viable and beneficial solution for the environment and the economy. However, this solution must meet the requirement of sustainable development, which necessitates that a road has a very long lifespan. In this study we investigated the performance of recycled asphalt in terms of fatigue (as an element of life-cycle control). All the formulas were tested by the fatigue test in order to define the influence of the proportions of the asphalt aggregates, penetrability of the new binder used, and the manufacturing temperature. The results obtained showed the relationship between the contribution binder (reproduced between the new binder and the old binder) and the fatigue resistance under the influence of the parameters that we have mentioned above. At the end an optimization study has been carried in order to determine exactly the doses required to formulate recycled asphalt resisted to fatigue, the optimization seeks to maximize the asphalt aggregates and minimized the temperature of manufacture with a class of the binder compatible.
Recent climate change in Syria: Seasonal rainfall and climatology of Syria for 1991-2009
Authors: Alkhalaf Ibrahim , Solakova Tatiana , Zelenakova Martina , Gargar Ibrahim
Published: January 2019

Trend analysis is one of the most commonly used tools for detecting changes in climatic and hydrologic time series. Attempts are devoted to the study of seasonal climatology in Syria, including information on the level of rainfall at various climatic stations in Syria for the period 1991-2009. Wet (from October to May) and dry (June to September) seasonal precipitation are obtained from surface observations. There are numbers of statistical tests that exist to assess the significance of trends in time series. However, the existence of positive autocorrelation in the data increases the probability of detecting trends when actually none exist, and vice versa. Most of the recent studies about climate change suggest that the behavior of some of the climatological variables has already changed and will continue to change towards increasing or decreasing magnitudes and frequencies, depending on the type of variable. Increased rainfall and following floods are expected in some regions while other regions will experience smaller rainfall and longer droughts, meaning water scarcity.
Study of plastic waste mixed bituminous concrete using dry process for road construction
Authors: Tiwari Anurag V. , Rao Y. R. M.
Published: January 2019

Waste plastic is accumulation all over the world causing serious environmental problems. This paper aims to study the Plastic Waste Mixed Bituminous Concrete Using Dry Process for Road Construction. The study evaluates the addition of shredded waste plastic in the bituminous concrete which results in significant increase in the stability value and Marshall Properties of mix. The study reveals that the use of waste plastic in bituminous concrete is safe and sustainable for road construction.
Frost resistance of cement composites prepared on the basis of waste water from a concrete plant
Authors: Klus Lukas , Vaclavik Vojtech , Svoboda Jakub , Sancer Jindrich
Published: January 2019

This article presents the results of a research dealing with the use of waste water from concrete industry as a possible substitution of mixing water during the production of cement composites. This experimental research involved the preparation of two recipes of cement composites, named R1 and R3. Mixing water in these recipes was replaced with waste water from a concrete plant in the amount of 25, 50, 75 and 100%. Samples of recycled waste water, which were tested for the content of sulphates, chlorides and alkali according to ČSN EN 1008, were taken in order to determine the properties of waste water from a concrete plant. The prepared test specimens were tested for frost resistance after 100 freezing cycles according to ČSN 73 1322. The results of the frost resistance test showed that the required value of the frost resistance coefficient of 0.75 according to ČSN 73 1322 was achieved only in case of recipe R1 based on Portland cement CEM I 52.5R and 75 and 100% substitution of the mixing water with recycled water from a concrete plant.
Multiscale Characterization and Modeling of Nanosilica-Reinforced Filament Wound Carbon/Epoxy Composite
Authors: Vashisth Aniruddh , Bakis Charles E.
Published: January 2019

The addition of nanosilica (NS) particles as secondary reinforcement in the matrix of carbon/epoxy composites is known to improve certain matrix-dominated properties. The current investigation characterizes and models the effects of carbon fiber, NS, and void contents on the full set of lamina-level properties of filament wound compound sites. The properties of interest include the orthotropic elastic properties, strengths, and coefficients of thermal expansion. Multiscale modeling of the lamina properties is validated by comparing predicted and measured properties of multidirectionally reinforced filament wound carbon/epoxy tubes with and without NS. A parametric study is conducted to illustrate the effects of variable fiber and NS contents on the lamina-level thermoelastic and strength properties of filament wound carbon/epoxy composites. Inclusion of NS in the matrix is shown to significantly increase the longitudinal and transverse compressive strengths of the carbon/epoxy material.
Coincidence Detection within the Excitable Rat Olfactory Bulb Granule Cell Spines
Authors: Aghvami S. Sara , Müller Max , Araabi Babak N. , Egger Veronica
Published: January 2019

In the mammalian olfactory bulb, the inhibitory axonless granule cells (GCs) feature reciprocal synapses that interconnect them with the principal neurons of the bulb, mitral, and tufted cells. These synapses are located within large excitable spines that can generate local action potentials (APs) upon synaptic input (“spine spike”). Moreover, GCs can fire global APs that propagate throughout the dendrite. Strikingly, local postsynaptic Ca2+entry summates mostly linearly with Ca2+entry due to coincident global APs generated by glomerular stimulation, although some underlying conductances should be inactivated. We investigated this phenomenon by constructing a compartmental GC model to simulate the pairing of local and global signals as a function of their temporal separation Δt. These simulations yield strongly sublinear summation of spine Ca2+entry for the case of perfect coincidence Δt = 0 ms. Summation efficiency (SE) sharply rises for both positive and negative Δt. The SE reduction for coincident signals depends on the presence of voltage-gated Na+channels in the spine head, while NMDARs are not essential. We experimentally validated the simulated SE in slices of juvenile rat brain (both sexes) by pairing two-photon uncaging of glutamate at spines and APs evoked by somatic current injection at various intervals Δt while imaging spine Ca2+signals. Finally, the latencies of synaptically evoked global APs and EPSPs were found to correspond to Δt ≈ 10 ms, explaining the observed approximately linear summation of synaptic local and global signals. Our results provide additional evidence for the existence of the GC spine spike.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTHere we investigate the interaction of local synaptic inputs and global activation of a neuron by a backpropagating action potential within a dendritic spine with respect to local Ca2+signaling. Our system of interest, the reciprocal spine of the olfactory bulb granule cell, is known to feature a special processing mode, namely, a synaptically triggered action potential that is restricted to the spine head. Therefore, coincidence detection of local and global signals follows different rules than in more conventional synapses. We unravel these rules using both simulations and experiments and find that signals coincident within ≈±7 ms around 0 ms result in sublinear summation of Ca2+entry because of synaptic activation of voltage-gated Na+channels within the spine.
Boundary layer ozone in the Northern Colorado Front Range in July–August 2014 during FRAPPE and DISCOVER-AQ from vertical profile measurements
Authors: Oltmans S. J. , Cheadle L. C. , Johnson B. J. , Schnell R. C. , Helmig D. , Thompson A. M. , Cullis P. , Hall E. , Jordan A. , Sterling C. , McClure-Begley A. , Sullivan J. T. , McGee T. J. , Wolfe D.
Published: January 2019

Data from ground-based ozone (O3) vertical profiling platforms operated during the FRAPPE/DISCOVER-AQ campaigns in summer 2014 were used to characterize key processes responsible for establishing O3 profile development in the boundary layer in the Northern Colorado Front Range. Morning mixing from the upper boundary layer and lower free troposphere into the lower boundary layer was the key process establishing the mid-morning boundary layer O3 mixing ratio. Photochemical O3 production throughout the boundary layer builds on the mid-morning profile. From late morning to mid-afternoon the continuing O3 increase was nearly uniform through the depth of the profile measured by the tethersonde (~400 m). Ozonesondes flown on a near daily schedule over a four week period with multiple profiles on a number of days captured the full 1500 to 2000 m vertical extent of O3 enhancements in the mixed boundary layer confirming O3 production throughout the entire boundary layer. Continuous O3 measurements from the Boulder Atmospheric Observatory (BAO) tall tower at 6 m and 300 m showed hourly O3 at the 6 m level ≥75 ppb on 15% of the days. The diurnal variation on these days followed a pattern similar to that seen in the tethersonde profiles. The association of high O3 days at the BAO tower with transport from sectors with intense oil and natural gas production toward the northeast suggests emissions from this industry were an important source of O3 precursors and are crucial in producing peak O3 events in the NCFR. Higher elevation locations to the west of the NCFR plains regularly experience higher O3 values than those in the lower elevation NCFR locations. Exposure of populations in these areas is not captured by the current regulatory network, and likely underestimated in population O3 exposure assessments.
Systemic, but not local, low-grade endotoxinemia increases plasma sCD163 independently of the cortisol response
Authors: Bach Ermina , Møller Niels , Jørgensen Jens Otto L , Buhl Mads , Møller Holger Jon
Published: January 2019

Aims/hypothesis

The macrophage-specific glycoprotein sCD163 has emerged as a biomarker of low-grade inflammation in the metabolic syndrome and related disorders. High sCD163 levels are seen in acute sepsis as a result of direct lipopolysaccharide-mediated shedding of the protein from macrophage surfaces including Kupffer cells. The aim of this study was to investigate if low-grade endotoxinemia in human subjects results in increasing levels of sCD163 in a cortisol-dependent manner.

Methods

We studied eight male hypopituitary patients and eight age- and gender-matched healthy controls during intravenous low-dose LPS or placebo infusion administered continuously over 360 min. Furthermore, we studied eight healthy volunteers with bilateral femoral vein and artery catheters during a 360-min infusion with saline and low-dose LPS in each leg respectively.

Results:

Systemic low-grade endotoxinemia resulted in a gradual increase in sCD163 from 1.65 ± 0.51 mg/L (placebo) to 1.92 ± 0.46 mg/L (LPS) at 220 min,P = 0.005 and from 1.66 ± 0.42 mg/L (placebo) to 2.19 ± 0.56 mg/L (LPS) at 340 min,P = 0.006. A very similar response was observed in hypopituitary patients: from 1.59 ± 0.53 mg/L (placebo) to 1.83 ± 0.45 mg/L (LPS) at 220 min,P = 0.021 and from 1.52 ± 0.53 mg/L (placebo) to 2.03 ± 0.44 mg/L (LPS) at 340 min,P < 0.001. As opposed to systemic treatment, continuous femoral artery infusion did not result in increased sCD163.

Conclusion:

Systemic low-grade endotoxinemia resulted in increased sCD163 to levels seen in the metabolic syndrome in both controls and hypopituitary patients. This suggests a direct and cortisol-independent effect of LPS on the shedding of sCD163. We observed no effect of local endotoxinemia on levels of serum sCD163.
La verdad en la justicia transicional
Authors: Ortega Ruiz Luis Germán , García Miranda Juan Pablo
Published: January 2019

La verdad es un elemento en los procesos de justicia transicional que permite la consecución de otros elementos como son el de justicia, reparación y no repetición. En ese contexto, la presente investigación pretende establecer qué verdad jurídica es la que se aplica, pretendiendo determinar si corresponde a las denominadas verdad real o verdad procesal. Desde otro lado, se busca establecer si la verdad es un instrumento para no olvidar la ocurrencia de hechos que son objeto de justicia transicional o si tiene como fin la determinación del quantum de reparación. Por lo anterior, la pregunta jurídica a resolver es: ¿la verdad en la justicia transicional es de carácter real o procesal? Así las cosas, se trata de determinar qué se entiende por verdad y explorar cómo se ha estudiado y qué modalidades existen. El método de investigación es del orden descriptivo-cualitativo, haciendo énfasis en los conceptos sobre verdad que se soportan en fuentes formales del derecho. La parte descriptiva de esta investigación analiza el funcionamiento de algunas instituciones que hacen parte del proceso de paz colombiano adelantado con las Farc-EP. A manera de ejemplo, las comisiones de la verdad.
The Timing and Direction of Introgression Under the Multispecies Network Coalescent
Authors: Hibbins Mark S , Hahn Matthew W
Published: January 2019

Introgression is a pervasive biological process, and many statistical methods have been developed to infer its presence from genomic data. However, many of the consequences and genomic signatures of introgression remain unexplored from a methodological standpoint. Here, we develop a model for the timing and direction of introgression based on the multispecies network coalescent, and from it suggest new approaches for testing introgression hypotheses. We suggest two new statistics, D1 and D2, which can be used in conjunction with other information to test hypotheses relating to the timing and direction of introgression, respectively. D1 may find use in evaluating cases of homoploid hybrid speciation (HHS), while D2 provides a four-taxon test for polarizing introgression. Although analytical expectations for our statistics require a number of assumptions to be met, we show how simulations can be used to test hypotheses about introgression when these assumptions are violated. We apply the D1 statistic to genomic data from the wild yeast Saccharomyces paradoxus—a proposed example of HHS—demonstrating its use as a test of this model. These methods provide new and powerful ways to address questions relating to the timing and direction of introgression.
Modelling Sex-Specific Crossover Patterning inArabidopsis
Authors: Lloyd Andrew , Jenczewski Eric
Published: January 2019

Males and females of many organisms show distinct patterns of inheritance. Here, Lloyd and Jenczewski model crossover patterning in Arabidopsis to gain insights into what causes the large differences in recombination rates and patterns...

“Interference” is a major force governing the patterning of meiotic crossovers. A leading model describing how interference influences crossover patterning is the beam-film model, a mechanical model based on the accumulation and redistribution of crossover-promoting “stress” along the chromosome axis. We use the beam-film model in conjunction with a large Arabidopsis reciprocal backcross data set to gain “mechanistic” insights into the differences between male and female meiosis, and crossover patterning. Beam-film modeling suggests that the underlying mechanics of crossover patterning and interference are identical in the two sexes, with the large difference in recombination rates and distributions able to be entirely explained by the shorter chromosome axes in females. The modeling supports previous indications that fewer crossovers occur via the class II pathway in female meiosis and that this could be explained by reduced DNA double-strand breaks in female meiosis, paralleling the observed reduction in synaptonemal complex length between the two sexes. We also demonstrate that changes in the strength of suppression of neighboring class I crossovers can have opposite effects on “effective” interference depending on the distance between two genetic intervals.
Retroperitoninė endometrioidinė cista
Authors: Laužikas Giedrius , Katilius Kazys , Vildaitė Danguolė , Stanaitis Juozas
Published: January 2019

Giedrius Laužikas, Kazys Katilius, Danguolė Vildaitė, Juozas StanaitisVilniaus universiteto Bendrosios ir kraujagyslių chirurgijosBendrosios chirurgijos centrasGreitosios pagalbos universitetinė ligoninė
Retroperitoninio tarpo endometriozė yra labai reta. Aprašome retroperitoninio tarpo besimptomę endometrioidinę cistą, nustatytą 21 metų merginai kasmetinio sveikatos patikrinimo metu. Išsiaiškinus tikslią jos lokalizaciją, ligonei atlikta laparotomija ir cista pašalinta. Anksčiau ligonė jokių operacijų nepatyrusi. Mergina pasveiko.
Prasminiai žodžiai: retroperitoninė cista, endometriozė, laparotomija.
Retroperitoneal endometrioma
Giedrius Laužikas, Kazys Katilius, Danguolė Vildaitė, Juozas Stanaitis
Endometriosis rarely involves the spatium retroperitonealis. We report a case of asymptomatic endometrioid cyst of the spatium retroperitonealis. A 21-year-old woman was diagnosed with a cystic retroperitoneal mass, and laparotomy revealed a cystic endometrioma. The primary form of endometriosis is described in a young woman who has not previously undergone surgery of the uterus.
Keywords: retroperitoneal mass, endometriosis, laparotomy.
Veninės trombembolijos profilaktika ir gydymas chirurginėje praktikoje
Authors: Šapoka Virginijus
Published: January 2019

(SEPTINTASIS AMERIKOS KRŪTINĖS LĄSTOS GYDYTOJŲ SUTARIMAS).ĮRODYMAIS GRĮSTOS MEDICINOS REKOMENDACIJOS
Virginijus ŠapokaVilniaus universiteto Medicinos fakultetoVidaus ligų, šeimos medicinos ir onkologijos klinika,Santariškių g. 2, LT-08661 VilniusEl paštas: virginijus.sapoka@santa.vu.lt
Veninės tromboembolinės komplikacijos chirurgijoje priklauso nuo paciento ir operacijos trombozinės rizikos laipsnio. Straipsnyje apžvelgti naujausi metaanalizinių tyrimų duomenys, pagrindžiantys veninės trombozės gydymo ir profilaktikos principus. Įrodytas profilaktinis ir gydomasis mažos molekulinės masės heparinų privalumas, palyginti su nefrakcionuotu heparinu, pagrįsta ilgalaikė gydymo mažos molekulinės masės heparinais nauda po sąnarių endoprotezavimo ir onkologinių operacijų.
Reikšminiai žodžiai: veninė trombembolija, chirurgija, profilaktika, gydymas
Prevention and treatment of venous thromboembolism in general surgery
(THE SEVENTH AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CHEST PHYSICIANSCONFERENCE ON ANTITHROMBOTIC AND THROMBOLYTIC THERAPY).EVIDENCE-BASED GUIDELINES
Virginijus ŠapokaVilnius University Medicine Faculty, Clinic of Internal Diseases,Family Medicine and Oncology,Santariškių str. 2, LT-08661 Vilnius, LithuaniaE-mail: virginijus.sapoka@santa.vu.lt
Complication of venous thromboembolism in each patients in general surgery, based on their individual predisposing factors and the risk associated with their current illness or procedures. Prophylaxis is then individually prescribed based on the composite risk estimate. In article review new date of clinical trial metaanalysis, based of venous thromboembolism prophylaxis and treatment principles. Proven prophylactic and therapeutic advantage with low molecular weight heparins compare with unfractionated heparins. Reasoned long term prophylaxis with low molecular weight heparins after elective hip arthroplasty and oncological surgery.
Keywords: venous thrombembolism, surgery, prevention, treatment
Prakiurusios pepsinės opos Baltarusijoje: praeitis ir dabartis
Authors: Lobankov Vladimir M.
Published: January 2019

Perforated peptic ulcers in Belarus: past and present
Vladimir M. LobankovDepartment of Hospital Surgery,Gomel State Medical University,Lange str. 5, 246000 Gomel, BelarusE-mail: lobankov1959@mail.ru
Objective
The monitoring of perforated peptic ulcer incidence in Belarus is reviewed for the years 1960–2004.
Methods
The review of the annual incidence of perforated peptic ulcers during 1960–2004 is based on the official statistics of the Belorussian Ministry of Public Health. The index of perforated ulcer incidence per 100,000 population has been derived, with the account of population changes during these years.
Results
Mild variations of these statistics were observed before the 90s with an insignifcant tendency to grow from the second half of the 70s to the first half of the 80s. The Chernobyl accident in 1986 was not followed by any response. The incidence of perforated peptic ulcers almost doubled in the first half of the 90s, regional differences in the statistics appeared. These changes coincided with the collapse of the USSR and deterioration of the living standards. Hence, the socioeconomic factor has a dominating influence governing the risk of peptic ulcer complications, perforations in particular.
Conclusion
The author emphasizes the need to promote the role of public prophylaxis and definite preventive surgery for the patients with a severe ulcer evolution.
Key words: perforated peptic ulcer, incidence