bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Policy Narrative Analyst: Death Penalty for Drug Convicts in Indonesia
Authors: Simatupang Christiana , Simon Runturambi Arthur Josias , Benny Jozua Mamoto  , Benny Jozua Mamoto  , Palupi Lindiasari Samputra
Published: October 2023

The death penalty policy for drug convicts is still controversial in Indonesia. The purpose of the article is to analyze the narrative developed by the government on the death penalty policy for drug convicts in Indonesia, analyze various obstacles to the death penalty policy narrative and recommend alternative policy innovation strategies that can be chosen in following up the death penalty policy for drug convicts in the future. The analysis was carried out using the Narrative Policy Analysis (NPA) method at the meso level. Data is sourced from various trusted online news from 2015-2022. Conclusions were obtained: 1) The death penalty policy for drug convicts is carried out as an effort by the state to protect the public from the effects of drug abuse and illicit circulation. 2) The controversy over the implementation of the policy is due to differences in definitions of human rights restrictions and definitions of drug crimes as the most serious crimes and the absence of empirical studies on the effectiveness of the application of the death penalty with drug problems. 3) The need for an empirical study of the effectiveness of the death penalty and a redefinition of human rights restrictions and the most serious crimes punishable by death.
Institutional Capacity Development of Village Owned Enterprises In Sarjo Village, Sarjo District
Authors: Nuraisyah Nuraisyah , Haryono Dandan , Sombodatu Viny Marsela
Published: October 2023

Through employment and community and village business empowerment, village-owned enterprises have a role and contribution to the economy. The main problems faced are not only capital, marketing, labor, technology, and market problems; what is more important is institutional capacity in human resource development. This study examines the institutional capacity development of village-owned enterprises in Sarjo Village, Sarjo District, Pasangkayu District. This research is descriptive-explorative in nature and uses an inductive qualitative method. The research strategy is a case study. This research focuses on institutional capacity, stages of institutional capacity building, and levels of institutional capacity development. The research location was a village-owned enterprise in Sarjo Village, Sarjo District, Pasang Kayu District, and informants were selected based on their role in developing the institutional capacity of the two elements. Observations, interviews, and collection of relevant documents were used to collect data. Data analysis uses interactive models and performs step-by-step analysis using linear and hierarchical techniques. The institutional capacity of Village Owned Enterprises is not yet optimal. This is evident from the capacity to use its resources is still limited. Stages Implementation of institutional capacity building has been carried out, but is still limited in the scope of each stage, in addition to limited knowledge in running its business. Meanwhile, the institutional capacity building carried out by the government in Sarjo Village, Sarjo Subdistrict, Install Timber District, has not had any follow-up stages in the form of technical guidance and business assistance stages. Institutional capacity development carried out by Village-Owned Enterprises is still limited, both at the personnel level, organizational level development and system (rule) level development. Based on the description above, it shows weak entrepreneurial skills, such as enthusiasm, attitude, action, and knowledge. Studies show that networking is a business characteristic of Sarjo Village, Sarjo District, Pasang Kayu District, which is very important for the existence, survival and sustainability of the business.
Hypoglycemic effect of cymbopogon citratus leaves’ extract and it’s fractions in alloxan-induced diabetic Mice
Authors:   , Temu Joyce
Published: October 2023

Varieties of plants, including Cymbopogon citratus, are traditionally used in controlling hyperglycemia by either stimulating insulin secretion, inhibition α- Glucosidase or α-amylase activity. Cymbopogon citratus leaves were studied in this study to elucidate the effects of actively fractionated fraction from crude extract in lowering blood glucose in diabetic mice. The C. citratus powder were extracted by cold maceration using ethanol. Fractionation was done by Vacuum Liquid Chromatography (VLC). Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed for both crude extract and fractions. Diabetes was induced in mice by intraperitoneal injection of freshly prepared alloxan monohydrate (170 mg/kilogram/body weight) which interferes with insulin secretion. The mice were treated with ethyl acetate fraction once daily at 400 mg/kilogram body weight dose for the period of 20 days. Fasting blood glucose (FBG) and weight were then recorded from mice in days 1, 5, 10, 15 and 20. Acute toxicity done by Lorke’s method. The difference between means of two population groups was considered significant at p<0.05 by One-way ANOVA. Results were expressed as mean ± SD. Significance hypoglycemic activity was shown by ethyl acetate. No mortality was observed at 5000 mg/kilogram body weight dose but sleeping and tremor were observed at a 1000 - 5000 mg/kilogram body weight. Phytochemical screening of ethyl acetate fraction showed presence of alkaloids, saponins, antraquinone, phenol and tannins. Good hypoglycemic effect and safety results from ethyl acetate fraction suggest that C. citratus extracts are against insulin-dependent hyperglycemia. Isolation and testing of active ingredients from the C. citratus extract are thus warranted.
Iodine status and dietary habits among Primary School children in Kinondoni, Tanzania
Authors:   , Venance Mario
Published: October 2023

Tanzania is one of the countries where excessive iodine intake has been reported; hence intervention and identification of possible causes is required. The present study assessed iodine status and determined the critical contributors to excessive iodine intake in school children from Kinondoni, Tanzania. A total of 322 pupils and 30 food vendors provided salt samples for iodine analysis. Urinary iodine concentration (UIC) was spectrophotometrically determined in 266 sub-sampled children using the ammonium-persulfate digestion method. Information on dietary habits was collected using the Food Frequency Questionnaire and 24 hours dietary recall. Anthropometric values were determined by measuring children’s height and weight. Moreover, Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices study was done using a modified specific iodine deficiency-related questionnaire. Of the salt samples, 87% were adequately iodized with mean 53.94 ± 13.02, indicating over iodization. The median UIC was 401 µg/L, signifying excessive iodine intake. Twelve percent were overweight or obese and only 46.6% of pupils and 53.3% of food vendors had good knowledge of iodized salt utilization. Discretionary salt use (67.3%), higher consumption of potato chips (53.5%) and fried cassava (59.0%) were associated with a higher risk of excessive iodine intake. Potato chips (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR] =9.04, 95% CI: 3.61-22.63) and fried cassava consumption for 4-7 days/week (AOR=11.08, 95% CI: 3.45- 35.54) were significantly associated with excessive iodine intake. Discretionary salt intake significantly contributes to the high iodine status of schoolchildren in the study area. This effect can be reduced by public health campaigns to decrease salt consumption and improve salt iodation practices.
An investigation of adequacy of the current micronutrient fortification in the mandatory fortified food vehicles in Tanzania
Authors:   , Kiwango Flavia
Published: October 2023

Micronutrient fortification of cooking oil, wheat and maize flours is mandatory in Tanzania since 2011. Up-to-date information regarding the compliance of micronutrient fortification is limited in the country. This study aimed at updating the information on the current status of micronutrient fortification in mandatory food vehicles in Tanzania. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 5 regions to analyze the adequacy of micronutrient fortification and identify challenges facing fortification programs. Samples (from selected companies) of fortified edible oil (n = 19), wheat flour (n = 12) and maize flour (n = 5) were collected from supermarkets and analyzed for vitamin A, folic acid, iron and zinc using standard methods and procedures. Questionnaires were used to identify challenges regarding fortification compliance. About 80% and 83% of the maize and wheat flour samples respectively complied with the iron fortification standards. Only 25% and 40% of the wheat and maize flour samples respectively complied with zinc fortification. Nearly 17% and 20% of the wheat and maize flour samples and 10.5% of the cooking oils respectively complied with folic acid and vitamin A standard. Significant variations (p < 0.001) were observed in 5 batches of cooking oil, 1 batch of wheat flour and 2 batches of maize flour. Moreover, high cost of premixes (83%), low consumer awareness (75%) and poor laboratory facilities (67%) were highlighted as barriers to food fortification compliance. This shows that food fortification is still facing challenges in Tanzania and hence calls for a review of the current fortification programs in Tanzania.
Anthropogenic disturbance and chimpanzee (pan troglodytes) habitat use in the Masito-Ugalla ecosystem, Tanzania
Authors:   , Maijo Simula
Published: October 2023

The habitat quality of chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes), including the availability of food and nesting resources, is important to ensure the long-term survival of chimpanzees. Botanical composition of vegetation is spatially variable and depends on numerous biotic and abiotic factors. There are few data regarding the availability of chimpanzee plant food and nesting species in the Masito-Ugalla ecosystem (MUE), and how these resources vary with human disturbance. It was hypothesized that chimpanzee plant food species richness, diversity, and abundance, decline with increasing disturbance. Further, it was predicted that chimpanzee abundance and habitat use is influenced negatively by disturbance. Published literature from Issa Valley, Gombe, and Mahale Mountains National Parks, was used to document plant species consumed by chimpanzees, and quantify their richness, diversity, and abundance, along 32 transects totaling 63.8 km in length across four sites of varying human disturbance in MUE. A total of 102 plant food species was documented and found significant differences in their species richness (H = 55.09, P < 0.001) and diversity (H = 36.81, P < 0.001) across disturbance levels. Chimpanzees built nests in 17 tree species. The abundance of nesting tree species did not vary across survey sites (H = 0.279, P > 0.964). The least disturbed site exhibited the highest encounter rate of chimpanzee nests km -1 , with rates declining towards the highly disturbed sites. Thus, severe anthropogenic disturbance in MUE is associated with the loss of chimpanzee plant food species and negatively influences chimpanzee habitat use, a relationship that threatens the future of all chimpanzee populations outside national parks.
Conjugative plasmids disseminating ctx-m-15 among enterobacteriaceae from human, animals and the environment in Mwanza Tanzania: a need to intensify one health approach
Authors:   , Minja Caroline
Published: October 2023

Globally, blaCTX-M-15 beta-lactamases are the most popular extended spectrum beta-lactamase alleles that are widely distributed due its mobilization by mobile genetic elements in several compartments. We aimed to determine the conjugation frequencies and replicon types associated with plasmids carrying blaCTX-M-15 gene from Extended Spectrum Beta-lactamase producing isolates in order to understand the dissemination of resistance genes in different compartments. A total of 51 archived isolates carrying blaCTX-M-15 beta-lactamases were used as donors in this study. Antibiotic susceptibility tests were performed as previously described for both donors and transconjugants. Conjugation experiment was performed by a modified protocol of the plate mating experiment, and plasmid replicon types were screened among donor and transconjugant isolates by multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction in a set of three primer panels. Escherichia coli was recovered from majority of isolates. The conjugation efficiency of plasmids carrying blaCTX-M-15 was 88.2% (45/51) with conjugation frequencies in the order of 10‒1 to 10‒9 and a 100% transfer efficiency observed among E. coli of animal origin. Majority of donors (n = 21) and transconjugants (n = 14) plasmids were typed as either Inc FIA or Inc FIB. Resistance to non-beta-lactam antibiotics was transferrable in 34/45 (75.6%) of events. Ciprofloxacin, tetracycline and sulphamethoxazole-trimethoprim resistance was co-transferred in 29/34 (85.3%) such events. Gentamicin resistance was transferred in 17/34 (50%) of events. Majority of plasmids carrying blaCTX-M-15 were conjugatively transferred by IncF plasmids along with non-beta lactam resistance. There is a need for more research on plasmids to understand how plasmids, especially multi replicon plasmids interact and the effect of such interaction on conjugation. One Health approach is to be intensified to address antimicrobial resistance which is a public health threat
Factors associated with hypertension among employees in arusha city, Tanzania
Authors:   , Zubery Dalahile
Published: October 2023

Tanzania is one of developing countries with a higher prevalence of hypertension than many other developing countries. Healthcare workers, teachers and bankers are occupation groups exposed to hypertension due to the nature of their work. There is currently limited published data on the burden of hypertension among this group in Tanzania. A descriptive cross-sectional study was therefore conducted and collection of the data was done from August 2019 to February 2020 to identify the predicting factors for hypertension among teachers, bankers and healthcare workers in Arusha city council. A total of 305 working adults aged 18–60 years were involved in the study. A modified World Health Organization (WHO) STEPwise approach to chronic disease risk factor surveillance questionnaire collected information about socio-demographic characteristics, lifestyle behaviors, dietary practices, physical activity level, anthropometric measurements and biochemical measurements. The data collected were calculated and ranked by using WHO guidelines. The overall hypertension prevalence among working adults was 23.8%. Age (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR=34.98, 95% CI: 1.30-94.03]), alcohol consumption (AOR=6.55, 95% CI: 1.22-35.28), low salary (AOR=6.44, 95% CI: 1.12- 37.18) and high Low-Density Lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (AOR=5.93, 95% CI: 1.24- 28.45), were significantly associated with hypertension. These findings can be used by local policymakers, education, financial and health sectors as baseline information when planning strategies for management and prevention of hypertension and other Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) at workplace, by designing workplace wellness programs to mitigate the associated factors.
Assessment of the applicability of p16 and top2a biomarkers for cervical cancer diagnosis in northern Tanzania
Authors:   , Zuberi Zavuga
Published: October 2023

Biomarkers provide valuable information for the early detection of cervical cancer. However, they are seldom utilized for the prognosis of cervical cancer in Tanzania, where visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) or Lugol's iodine (VILI) are being utilized as the standard screening techniques. A retrospective hospital-based cross-sectional study assessing cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor (p16) and topoisomerase II-alpha (TOP2A) proteins expression was conducted among women seeking cervical cancer care at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Tanzania between 1 May, 2017 to 10 May, 2018. A total of 149 studied patients (Mean age: 52.1 ± 12.9 years) were enrolled. Of these, 99 (66.4%) of women seeking care in the period under review were diagnosed with cervical cancer lesions. Moreover, only 145 cervical biopsies met the inclusion criteria for p16 and TOP2A immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining. Upon IHC staining, 103 (71.0%) and 90 (62.1%) were p16 and TOP2A positive, respectively. Histopathological class and p16/TOP2A expression levels were closely associated (Fisher’s exact test, p<0.001). Moreover, p16/TOP2A expression levels were positively correlated with cancerous cervical lesions (Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients = 0.833 and 0.687, p = 0.006 and 0.005, respectively). The age-adjusted odds ratio (AOR) for predicting cervical cancer lesions were independently significant for p16/TOP2A biomarkers in formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded cervical tissues [p16: AOR=1.142 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.059–1.232, p<0.001) and TOP2A: AOR=1.046 (95% CI: 1.008–1.085, p=0.015)]. Importantly, the diagnostic performance of p16 was higher than that of TOP2A in the diagnosis of cancerous lesions from non-cancerous cervical lesions (sensitivity: 97.2% versus 77.6%, accuracy: 92.8% versus 87.8%, respectively). Overexpression of TOP2A is linked to the grade of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in our study, however it does not predict cervical cancer prognosis. Similarly, expression of p16 is associated with histological dysplasia grade and malignancy, suggesting its prognostic significance in the management of cervical cancerous lesions. Further bigger studies are needed to validate their applications in the early diagnosis of cervical cancer.
Language ideologies, policies and practices within the multilingual Kenyan context
Authors: Barasa David
Published: October 2023

Kenya is linguistically diverse with approximately 66 native and 8 non-native languages; out of which 33 are developing, 15 are vigorous, 2 are in trouble and 4 dying. Generally, actively used native languages in Kenya have been on the decline due to a number of forces such as colonisation, globalisation and language policies. This presentation focuses on educational language policy implementation in Kenya and illustrates its effects on the use of “minority languages”. The study establishes that language policies in Kenya are ad hoc declarations that have had negligible impact on the use of native African languages in schools and other formal settings. The policies greatly favor English following the logic of pre-colonial practices of assimilation and exclusion. English and Kiswahili, the regional lingua franca, remain the most prominent languages in formal education, overshadowing over fifty native African languages spoken in Kenya. English continues to be used in classroom and formal settings even in areas where native languages are dominantly spoken. Those who advocate for the use of English view it as a language of science and technology and that which propels one to a higher social status. English is also promoted as a language that helps to ease mobility within and beyond the East African region
Mª Rosa Garín Solé: pionera de la enfermería perfusionista en el Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau de Barcelona
Authors: Buil Neus , Sillero Sillero Amalia , Lorenzo Vaquerizo Lauriana María , Galbany-Estragués Paola
Published: October 2023

Objetivo: Describir la trayectoria profesional de la primera perfusionista del Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (HSCSP) de Barcelona, para contribuir a la recuperación de la memoria histórica de la profesión enfermera. Metodología: Relato de vida profesional, a partir de una entrevista en profundidad. Resultados: Estudió enfermería en la Cruz Roja (1952-1954) y se graduó como puericultora (1954). Aparcó los títulos y se dedicó a sus hijos, a la casa y a ayudar a su marido en una tienda. A los cuarenta años de edad se incorporó en Sant Pau como enfermera de anestesia y como ayudante del médico responsable de la circulación extracorpórea. Lideró el nuevo rol de enfermera perfusionista. Participó en el primer trasplante cardíaco en el HSCSP (1984), donde se jubiló diez años después. Fundó (1978) y presidió (1982-1986) la Asociación Española de Enfermeras Perfusionistas (AEP). En el 2006, la Generalitat de Catalunya le concedió la medalla del Presidente Francesc Macià. Conclusión: Lideró el rol de la perfusionista para mejorar la vida de la persona que pasa por una cirugía.
Ortaokul Matematik Öğretmenlerinin Matematik Ders Kitaplarının Kullanımına İlişkin Görüşleri
Authors: Gürel Ramazan
Published: October 2023

Bu çalışmanın amacı ortaokul matematik öğretmenlerinin matematik ders kitaplarının kullanıma ilişkin deneyimlerinin belirlenmesidir. Bu amaçla kapsamında araştırma nitel araştırma desenlerinden durum çalışması deseninde tasarlanmıştır. Araştırmaya 3 matematik öğretmeni katılmıştır. Öğretmenlerin ikisi bayan biri erkektir. Erkek öğretmen 10 yıllık deneyime sahipken bayan öğretmenler 5 yıllık deneyime sahiptirler. Araştırmada veriler yarı yapılandırılmış görülme, gözlem ve doküman incelemesi ile toplanmıştır.  Araştırma verilerinin analizinde içerik analizi yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma bulguları ders kitaplarının kullanım amaçları, ders kitaplarının kullanımı, ders kitaplarının avantaj ve dezavantajları, ders kitaplarının kullanımında karşılaşılan zorluklar ve etkili ve kullanışlı matematik ders kitabının özellikleri başlıkları altında toplanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda genel olarak öğretmenlerin ders kitaplarını kazanımları sıralamasının kontrolü, etkinlik adımlarının kontrol edilmesi ve ders süreci sonucunda ödevlendirme amacıyla kullandıkları tespit edilmiştir. Öğretmenler genel olarak ders kitabını derslerinin giriş etkinliğinde ve örnek soruların çözümünde kullanmaktadırlar. Öğretmenler kitaplarla ilişkili olarak az sayıda soruları içermesi, bazı konularda gereksiz işlem karmaşası olmasını, merkezi sınavlarla uyumlu olmamasını ders kitaplarının dezavantajları arasında belirtmiştir. Öğretmenler ders kitabıyla ilgili yaşadıkları zorluklarda ise öğrenci seviyesine uygun olmayan konular ve konu sıralamasının yanlış olması şeklinde belirtmiştir. Öğretmenler iyi nitelikli bir matematik kitabını ise teknoloji ile desteklenen, merkezi sınavlarla uyumlu sorular içeren, bol miktarda soru ve çözümlerinin yer aldığı eğlenceli etkinlikleri içeren kitaplar olarak tanımlamıştır.
Fiziksel Aktivite ve Yaşam Kalitesi
Authors: Şahin Tolga , Yanar Şenol
Published: October 2023

Enerji harcamasının önemli bir bileşeni olan fiziksel aktivitenin, enerji dengesi ve vücut kompozisyonu üzerinde büyük etkisi vardır. Fiziksel hareketsizlik, dünyanın birçok yerinde bir halk sağlığı sorunudur ve bireyler için bir sorun olmaya devam etmektedir Bu bağlamda, bireyler düzenli fiziksel aktivite davranışı alışkanlığı edinerek yaşam kalitelerini artırmak durumundadırlar. Bu araştırma, üniversite öğrencilerinin fiziksel aktivite ve yaşam kalitesi düzeylerinin belirlenerek bireylerin bilinçli hale getirilip fiziksel aktivitelerinin arttırılması ile bu aktiviteleri günlük yaşama aktararak alışkanlık haline getirilmesini sağlamak amacıyla hazırlanmıştır. Bu araştırma tarama modeli ile yapılmıştır. Araştırmaya Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat Üniversitesinden 254 öğrenci katılmıştır. Çalışmada örneklem sayısını belirleyebilmek için “*power analizi yapılmıştır. Bireylerin fiziksel aktivite düzeylerini belirlemek için Duncan’ın (2006) yılında yapmış olduğu günlük adım sayısı ile fiziksel aktivite düzeyi tahmini yönteminden faydalanılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler SPSS 25 paket programında değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırmamızda verilerin aritmetik ortalama, standart sapma, yüzde ve frekans analizleri verilmiştir. Cinsiyetlere göre karşılaştırmalar independent t testi ile yapılmıştır. Yaş gruplarına göre karşılaştırmalar tek yönlü varyans analizi (ANOVA) ile yapılmıştır. Ayrıca bazı değişkenlerin değerlendirilmesinde crosstab analizi kullanılmıştır. Anlamlılık düzeyi p<0,05 olarak kabul edilmiştir. Üniversite öğrencilerinin fiziksel aktivite düzeyi ve yaşam kalitesine yönelik yaptığımız araştırmada, cinsiyet, yaş, vücut ağırlığı, boy ve BKI’nin fiziksel aktivite düzeyini etkilediği tespit edilmiştir.
Image-Based Recording and Analysis Methods for The Assistance of Track and Field Coaches to Improve Athletics Training
Authors: Panoutsakopoulos Vassilios , Kollias Iraklis A.
Published: October 2023

The aim of the present scoping review was to present the image-based analysis methods that have being utilized to assist Track and Field coaches to observe the technique of their athletes aiming towards the optimization of performance. From the era of early photography till the current innovation of markerless motion analysis, sports and track and field athletes in particular are the field where the technological advances in image capturing and analysis are implemented for both practical, as well as for scientific purposes. The outcome of the blending of technology and sports science is the better understanding of human motion, the exploitation of its movement abilities, and its ideal segmentation when teaching sport techniques that has led to the optimization of sport performance and the identification of the unique prospects of human performance as presented by elite athletes. The chapter is comprised by a short description of the evolution in motion analysis methods, its contribution in the understanding sport techniques, its exploitation to create tools to effectively teach sport technique, and the presentation of the technological innovations that will assist track and field coaches in the future.
Innovative Technologies in Volleyball
Authors: Akyüz Beyza
Published: October 2023

Volleyball is an intermittent sport that involves many explosive movements both vertically and horizontally, where flexibility and coordination are very important as well as strength and power. In order to achieve optimal performance, players must have high quality requirements in terms of physical, physiological and technical aspects.
As in all areas of life, the use of technology occupies an important place in volleyball. Support is received from innovative applications and devices such as wearable technologies, VR-AR, smart devices for physical and physiological monitoring of athletes, directing training programs in the light of the data obtained, preventing sports injuries and improving performance.
Tech in Rec: Technology Use in Outdoor Recreation
Authors: Yumuk Elvan Deniz
Published: October 2023

Technology has always been a big part of human life. Since the time when we started using tools, we have ignited a fire which is today called technology. Technology is being used not only in the daily life, but also in the activities that individuals do in their leisure. One of the leisure activities that is popular and attractive to people of all ages is Outdoor Recreation activities. Outdoor recreation activities provide the participants thrill, risk, and adventure that they seek. However, the use of technology in outdoor recreation is a significant aspect as it provides safety to some point, navigation skills, comfort, and motivation. Therefore, the aim of this chapter is to investigate the technology use involved in the outdoor recreation activities. Thus, in this chapter the technology involved in outdoor recreational activities is discussed in different aspects as a motivator (social media and image), as a comfort (development in materials used), as a performance auditing device (wearable technology and tracking apps) and as simulation (virtual reality and augmented reality).
Wydatki na usługi w gospodarstwach domowych
Authors: Dąbrowska Anna , Radziukiewicz Małgorzata
Published: October 2023

Income and consumption of material goods and services by households to meet the different needs of man, are identified key indicators of the life quality. Therefore increasing interest in changing patterns of consumer behaviors and decisions taken by them to purchase and use various types of services. This paper presents the diversity of household behavior in terms of the level and structure of consumption of particular types of services. The authors present the amount of expenses and interest expenses for various types of services in the total expenditure of different socio-economic household groups in the period 2005–2010. The analysis allowed to capture the changes that have occurred in recent years in the level of spending on these services.
Ocena stopnia realizacji celu głównego strategii rozwoju kraju według województw
Authors: Wawrzyniak Katarzyna
Published: October 2023

The article presents the application of compatibility analysis to assess the extent to which the main objective of the National Development Strategy (SRK) was realized (Raising the level and life quality of the Polish population in the provinces in 2010). The analysis uses a complex matrix of compliance tags created by comparing the indicator values of Polish provinces with their assumed value (standard) in SRK'2010. The proposed method also identified regions in which the goal was achieved, and those in which the objective has not been achieved. With the method the visualization of results was made in two-dimensional space. The study was based on data from the Central Statistical Office (GUS).
Wewnątrzregionalne zróżnicowanie rynku pracy w Polsce
Authors: Misiak Tomasz , Tokarski Tomasz
Published: October 2023

The authors present a statistical analysis of the feature convergence and divergence processes describing the situation on the labor markets in voivodships. The analysis was conducted based on CSO data on the poviat registered unemployment rates and real gross wages. The paper discusses the theoretical aspects of the processes of α- and β-convergence and real divergence and presents an analysis of intra-regional differences in registered unemployment rates and real gross wages as well as o-process of convergence and divergence, and then estimates the parameters of ff-convergence and divergence equations of the analyzed features.
Zróżnicowanie przestrzenne średnich cen żywności i napojów bezalkoholowych
Authors: Kaczmarek Mirosława , Skikiewicz Robert
Published: October 2023

The article presents the results of voivodships segmentation, carried out on the basis of data concerning the foodstuff and nonalcoholic beverages price level. In the first phase of analysis a set of diagnostic variables was selected. The basis of selection was analysis of variability and cross-correlation. Then the segmentation with the use of the Ward and k-means methods was conducted. The obtained results were similar for both of these methods. In obtained segments of voivodships a comparative analysis of foodstuff and nonalcoholic beverages price level was conducted.
Inwestycje w badania i rozwój przedsiębiorstw w świetle badań ankietowych
Authors: Adamczyk Adam
Published: October 2023

According to the theory of economic growth, research and development activity is one of the main sources of growth. At the same time spending on research and development incurred by companies can be considered as a specific form of investment. The article presents an analysis of the basic features of investment in research and development activities conducted by companies. In particular, such characteristics as the period of investment, the level of a return rate, and risk level were examined.
Wykorzystanie usług elektronicznej administracji przez przedsiębiorców z krajów europejskich
Authors: Piekut Marlena
Published: October 2023

E-government means a common citizens and businesses access to government services through telecommunications media, including the Internet. The purpose of the article is to point the degree of utilization of e-government services by businesses in Poland and other European countries. The most similar countries for Polish in the degree of use of e-government services by businesses were Spain, Portugal and Belgium. Based on the results, it was found that intensive activity should be carried out to break the barriers to electronic business contacts with the administration.
Modelowanie subiektywnych ocen materialnego poziomu życia
Authors: Kasprzyk Beata
Published: October 2023

The purpose of the study is to show the possibility of using the discrimination analysis in self-assessment of household economic welfare. The essence of the analysis was the modelling of judgments of both current and future economic situation of households in Podkarpackie voivodship, for example. The analysis identified the characteristics that significantly distinguish households according to their economic welfare. In addition, their properties discriminatory specifies (weights) were set. It was found that subjective opinion depended on both the income and demographic factors, as well as belonging to a group of socio-economic satisfaction with the achieved living wage, have savings, their own assessment of the quality of life, etc. The author marked formal canonical discriminant function equations which differentiate subjectivity of current and future assessment of the economic situation in the sample households.
Delimitacja powiatów ziemskich pod względem wyposażenia w infrastrukturę wodno-ściekową
Authors: Dolata Małgorzata , Lira Jarosław
Published: October 2023

The paper assessed the status and spatial diversity of rural areas in rural powiats in terms of their equipment in the water and sewage infrastructure. The subject of the study were main elements of the infrastructure: water supply as well as sewerage and sewage treatment plants. The greatest shortages in water supply facilities in rural areas characterized mainly located in the southern and eastern part of Poland. In addition, the lack of access to services, sewerage and sewage treatment plants occurred mainly in the central and eastern parts of the country. The best situation because of the infrastructure condition has been observed in northern Poland.
Consumo de antidepresivos en el embarazo y sus consecuencias
Authors: Sacoto Álvarez Nube Lorena , Guillen Berrezueta Carlos Julio , Ebingen  Villavicencio Caparó
Published: October 2023

El consumo de antidepresivos durante el embarazo es una práctica común, pero existe controversia sobre sus posibles consecuencias para el feto y el recién nacido. El objetivo de este estudio es evaluar los efectos del consumo de antidepresivos durante el embarazo en el desarrollo fetal y neonatal. Se realizó una revisión sistemática de la literatura científica sobre el tema. Se incluyeron estudios observacionales y ensayos clínicos que evaluaron el riesgo de malformaciones congénitas, trastornos del desarrollo y otros resultados adversos en los hijos de mujeres que tomaron antidepresivos durante el embarazo. Los resultados de la revisión sugieren que el uso de antidepresivos durante el embarazo puede estar asociado con un pequeño aumento del riesgo de malformaciones cardíacas, defectos del tubo neural y parto prematuro. Sin embargo, estos riesgos son generalmente bajos y superan los beneficios de tratar la depresión materna. En conclusión, este estudio sugiere que los antidepresivos son seguros para el uso durante el embarazo, pero es importante que las mujeres embarazadas consulten con su médico para discutir los riesgos y beneficios potenciales del tratamiento.
DİL ÖĞRENMEDE MATTHEW ETKİSİ
Authors: DEMİREKİN Murat
Published: October 2023

Bu araştırmada; dil öğrenme konusunda yetersiz olanakları bulunan bireyler üzerindeki Matthew etkisi tartışılmaktadır. Matthew etkisi kuramına göre; eğitime daha yüksek düzeyde beceri ile başlayan bireyler, daha kolay öğrenebilir. Ancak başlangıçtan itibaren yetersiz bilgiye ve sosyal beceriye sahip olan bireyler, dil öğrenme konusunda başarısız gibi görünebilirler. Öte yandan, dil öğrenme, konuşma, yazma ya da dili anlamlandırma ile ilgili ortamlarda, daha az deneyime sahip olan bireyler ise daha az kelime bilgisi edinmektedirler. Bunun yanısıra, özgüveni azalan, yeterli aile desteği bulamayan, ya da eğitim olanaklarından yeterince faydalanamayan bireylerin, dil öğrenme başarı süreçleri geride kalabilir. Konu hakkında farkındalık geliştirmek ve okul öncesi eğitim kurumlarında Matthew etkisi yaşayan bireyler için özel programlar hazırlamak için bu konunun çok önemli olduğu öngörülmektedir.
Türk Eğitim Felsefesi Literatürü Üzerine Bibliyografik Bir İnceleme
Authors: FAKİOĞLU BAĞCI Hatice
Published: October 2023

Bu makalede, Türkiye’de eğitim felsefesi alanında yapılmış çalışmaların incelenmesi, sınıflandırılması ve değerlendirilmesine yönelik bir analiz yapılması hedeflenmektedir. Ülkemizdeki eğitim felsefesi literatürünü tespit eden ve değerlendiren bir çalışmanın olmayışı, bu makalenin çıkış noktasını oluşturmaktadır. Bu makalede ülkemizde eğitim felsefesi alanında 1951-2022 yılları arasında Türkçe olarak yayınlanmış tez, makale ve kitaplar incelenmiştir. Bu incelemede, söz konusu çalışmaların bazı konu başlıkları altında yoğunlaştığı görülmüştür. Bu çalışmalar, içeriklerine ve yöntemlerine göre ana hatlarıyla şu şekilde sınıflandırılabilir. 1. Eğitim felsefesine dair temel çalışmalar 2. Eğitim felsefesi dersine yönelik çalışmalar 3. Kişilerin eğitim felsefelerini inceleyen nitel çalışmalar 4. Kişilerin eğitim felsefesi eğilimlerini inceleyen nicel çalışmalar. Ülkemizdeki eğitim felsefesi çalışmalarını bu başlıklar altında toplamakla birlikte, bazı çalışmaların bu başlıkların dışında kaldığını, bazılarının da birden fazla başlık altında incelenebileceğini belirtmek gerekir. Bu sınıflandırma çerçevesinde ülkemizde 1951-2022 yılları arasında yayınlanan tez, makale ve kitaplardan oluşan toplam 1033 çalışma tespit edilmiş ve bunlara ilişkin bibliyografya oluşturulmuştur. Bu çalışmalar 304 tez, 509 makale ve 220 kitaptan oluşmaktadır. Bu çalışmalar arasında kişilerin eğitim felsefelerini nitel olarak araştıranların sayısı 422; nicel olarak araştıranların sayısı ise 108’dir. Son olarak bu çalışmanın Türkiye’deki eğitim felsefesi literatürünün keşfine ve tasnifine yönelik bir deneme girişimi olduğunu belirtmek gerekir. Bu literatürün daha spesifik başlıklar altında incelenerek sınıflandırılmasına ve analiz edilmesine ihtiyaç vardır.
Science is formalised humility
Authors: Taylor Mike
Published: October 2023

I think I figured out what the core, immutable quality of science is. It’s not formal publication, it’s not peer-review, it’s not “the scientific method” (whatever that means). It’s not replicability, it’s not properly citing sources, it’s not Popperian falsification. Underlying all those things is something more fundamental. Humility. We all know that it’s good to be able to admit when you’ve been wrong about something.
Studying “Pre-Truth” Science: The 2023 Scholarly Communications Institute
Authors: Fleerackers Alice
Published: October 2023

By Alice Fleerackers, with input from Yao-Hua Law, Mario Malički, Luisa Massarani, Chelsea Ratcliff, and François van Schalkwyk  The annual Scholarly Communications Institute (SCI) offers opportunities for interdisciplinary and international teams to come together to pursue complex projects related to a common theme. 
Biên soạn hệ thống tiêu chuẩn thiết kế theo định hướng Eurocode – Một số kết quả và những thách thức khi áp dụng
Authors: Nguyen Hong Hai
Published: October 2023

Design standards in the field of construction that have been decided by the Ministry of Construction are prepared based on European standards adapted to the conditions in Vietnam. The application of the new standards is following a specified roadmap. The process of drafting and gathering comments is currently undertaken to complete the final versions. In this article, the authors present some remaining challenges related to structural and geotechnical design standards developed by the Institute of Building Science and Technology, along with proposed solutions to enhance the application process.
A comparative analysis of energy and lifecycle greenshouse gas emissions prefabricated building modules
Authors: Ngo Tuan
Published: October 2023

Prefabrication is considered to provide improved environmental performance over traditional building construction. This paper provides evidence of the performance improvements of prefab construction by quantifying the embodied energy of modular prefabricated steel and timber multi-residential buildings. To this end, a benchmarking study is performed to ascertain the improved environmental performance of this method over conventional concrete construction methods. Furthermore, this paper assesses the potential benefits of material reusability in terms of reducing the space required for landfill, as well as the need for additional resources. It was found that a steel-structured prefabricated system resulted in reduced material consumption of up to 78% by mass compared to conventional concrete construction. However, the prefabricated steel building resulted in a significant increase (∼50%) in embodied energy compared to the concrete building. It was shown that there was significant potential for the reuse of materials in the prefabricated steel building, representing up to an 81% saving in embodied energy and 51% materials saving by mass.
The Role of Wooden Architecture in Sustainable Societies in Vietnam
Authors: Kubota Kentaro , Mori Takuro , Aoki Kenji , Tsunetsugu Yuko , Saito Hiroaki , Ishiyama Hiroki , Hayashi Hideaki
Published: October 2023

Constructed with sustainable materials, wooden buildings are attracting attention for their potential contributions to maintaining and preserving the environment and reducing the environmental burden. Further, raw wood material is renewable and recyclable based on sustainable forest management and can absorb and store carbon dioxide during its growth and use. The potential of wooden architecture in Vietnam is discussed from the perspectives of culture, earthquake resistance, durability, fire protection, and energy conservation, and also its contribution to the local economy.
Áp dụng mô hình thông tin công trình (BIM) từ góc nhìn vòng đời dự án
Authors: Vương Thị Thùy Dương , Trần Quang Phú , Võ Lê Duy Khánh , Trần Thị Quỳnh Như , Nguyễn Nguyên Khang
Published: October 2023

Currently, the perspective on the traditional project life cycle and legal regulations governing the sequence of construction investment implementation do not explicitly mention operation and maintenance. Through examining the project life cycle and regulations regarding the sequence of construction investment implementation, this study emphasizes the imperative of applying building information modelling (BIM). Furthermore, the study provides insightful recommendations aimed at regulations, encompassing the sequence of construction investment implementation and the establishment of standardized cost estimation guidelines for construction works within investment projects.
Relationship between increased Taxation and Financial Performance of Kenyan Firms
Authors: Aringo Catherine Elsa
Published: October 2023

Taxation plays a critical role in financing government activities, public services, and economic development. This study focuses on examining how taxation impacts the financial performance of firms in Kenya. The complex interplay between tax policies and financial outcomes is multifaceted, and understanding these dynamics is crucial for effective tax strategies and financial optimization. The theoretical frameworks of "Ability to Pay Theory," "Classical Taxation Theory," and "Political Power Theory" are explored to provide insight into the relationships between taxation and business performance. These theories help us understand how tax rates, incentives, and political influences can affect firms' profitability, investment, and overall financial performance. By reviewing existing literature and conducting empirical research, this study aims to shed light on the specific challenges and opportunities that taxation presents to businesses in Kenya. The study observed that the influence of taxation on the financial performance of Kenyan firms is significant and multifaceted. Understanding the effects of customs duty, PAYE, and VAT is crucial for informed decision-making and effective management of financial resources in the business environment. Further research should explore the specifics of these impacts and potential mitigating measures.
Kualitas Manajemen Penanganan Pengaduan di Indonesia
Authors: Muhammad Zildan
Published: October 2023

Kualitas pelayanan publik di Indonesia belum menunjukkan peningkatan yang signifikan. Salah satu penyebabnya adalah minimnya kontribusi lembaga penelitian dan pengembangan dalam memberikan masukan untuk penanganan pengaduan dalam pelayanan publik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi penelitian yang dilakukan dalam sepuluh tahun terakhir dari perspektif penanganan pengaduan dalam pelayanan publik di Indonesia, dengan menggunakan empat dimensi kinerja pengelolaan pengaduan lembaga pemerintah yang dituangkan dalam Peraturan Presiden Republik Indonesia No. 76 Tahun 2013 tentang Pengelolaan Pengaduan Pelayanan Publik. Dimensi ini mencakup aktivitas akun, jumlah dan status laporan, kecepatan tindak lanjut, dan kualitas pengaduan tindak lanjut. Penelitian menggunakan metode Systematic Literature Review dengan sumber data dari Portal Garuda-Indonesian Publication Index (IPI). Ditemukan 21 artikel yang menggunakan kata kunci "penanganan keluhan" dan dikelompokkan berdasarkan dimensi penelitian yang digunakan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jumlah penelitian terkait penanganan pengaduan di Indonesia masih belum memadai. Selain itu, temuan penelitian ini tidak menunjukkan kontribusi yang signifikan terhadap pengembangan manajemen keluhan. Meskipun demikian, masih ada potensi yang signifikan untuk penelitian tentang penanganan keluhan. Dengan memperluas sumber informasi, seperti memasukkan artikel internasional, temuan dapat menjadi lebih luas dan inklusif, baik di tingkat nasional maupun internasional. Untuk mewujudkan peningkatan kualitas pengelolaan penanganan pengaduan di Indonesia, diperlukan dukungan dan kerjasama pemerintah dengan berbagai instansi terkait.
Trapped in Gaza
Authors: Hathaway James C.
Published: October 2023

Thousands of Palestinians are amassed at the Rafah border crossing into Egypt – the only land border point from Gaza that is not controlled by Israel. Periodically opened by Egypt to allow at least some aid convoys to enter Gaza, it has been firmly closed to Palestinians seeking to leave Gaza since October 10. Both international refugee and human rights law that bind Egypt make clear that its closure of the Rafah border crossing to all Palestinians – including to those at grave and imminent risk – is an illegal act of refoulement. In this case, it has proved to be an illegal act with truly deadly consequences and must be condemned as such.
The Mexican Standoff
Authors: Bertram Daniel , Higuera Sánchez Laura
Published: October 2023

In a historical march, tens of thousands of judicial staff, lawyers, and judges – including at least one justice of the Supreme Court – took to the streets of Mexico City on 22 October 2023. Chanting slogans such as ‘¡El Poder Judicial de la Federación no se toca!’ and ‘¡Somos los garantes de la Constitución!’ protesters rallied against the Mexican government’s plans to slash the federal judiciary’s (Poder Judicial de la Federación, PJF) funding. In this contribution, we analyse what this dispute is all about and explain why the government’s plans jeopardise the independence of the Mexican judiciary. In particular, we argue that the recent, seemingly innocent financial measures come at the cusp of an alarming authoritarian turn. Finally, we offer some tentative thoughts on what the endgame in this quickly escalating dispute might look like.