bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
LAW ENFORCEMENT POLICY ON VILLAGE FUND CORRUPTION IN INDONESIA
Authors:   Doctor of Law Study Program, Faculty of Law, University of Lampung, Bandar Lampung, Indonesia., Susanti Rita , Tisnanta H.S ,   Faculty of Law, University of Lampung, Bandar Lampung, Indonesia., a Budiyono ,   Faculty of Law, University of Lampung, Bandar Lampung, Indonesia., Rifai Eddy ,   Faculty of Law, University of Lampung, Bandar Lampung, Indonesia.
Published: April 2023

This study aims to examine law enforcement policies for corruption of village funds. The allocation of village funds that are large enough is very prone to corruption. Modes of corruption of village funds include embezzlement, mark ups, abuse of authority, fictitious activities or reports, and withholding of funds. Therefore, assistance and supervision are needed in managing village funds. The enforcement of village fund corruption must be emphasized on the principle of ultimumremedium and emphasize the settlement with non-penal efforts (Government Internal Supervisory Apparatus). This is because the amount of state losses due to village fund corruption is not comparable to the cost of handling village fund corruption crimes by the Prosecutors Office and the Police which reached 200 million. The problems that will be in this study are what are the causes of Village Fund corruption and what are the forms of preventive and law enforcement policies in dealing with problems related to misappropriation of village funds. The research method used is a normative research method with a statute approach and case approach and will be analyzed using content analysis.
KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES AND PRACTICES TOWARDSERGONOMICS AND POSTUREAMONG DENTAL STUDENTS OF THE ABULCASIS INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES INRABAT, MOROCCO
Authors:   Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco., Hamdoun Radia , Takmachti Safae ,   Abulcasis International Universityof Health Sciences in Rabat, Morocco., Alaoui Afaf ,   PHDStudent Facultyof sciences MohammedV Universityin Rabat, Morocco., Ismaili Zouheir ,   Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco.
Published: April 2023

Introduction : do not adopt correct working posture can lead to occupational diseases. Theobjective of this work is to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes and practices of 4th and 5th yeardental students regarding work positions. Material and Methods: This was a cross-sectionalobservational study conducted among 4th, 5thand 6thyear dental students atAbulcasisInternationalUniversityofHealthSciencesinRabat,Morocco.Themediumofthesurveywasan anonymous and individual questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed using Jamovisoftware. A difference was considered significant when p < 0.05. Result: Out of the 123studentsparticipatinginthestudy,Fourth-yearstudentswerethemostrepresentedinthisstudywith48(39%)participants.111(90.2%)respondentstudentshadreceivedtrainingonergonomicsandworkingpostures.99(80.5%)studentsreportedapplyingergonomicsprinciples to their daily practice.Student levels of knowledge regarding ergonomics andworkingpostureswereaverageoverall.Studentsstatedthattheyalwaysadjustedtheirworkingposture depending on the procedure to be performed in 53 (48%) of the cases. In practice,workingposturesadopteddependingontheareatobetreatedwerehighlyvariable Conclusion:Thepresentstudyprovidesanoverviewofstudentsknowledge,attitudesandpracticesregardingworkpositions.Thefindingwaspositiveeventhoughthestudyonlyreflectsstudentsopinions on work positions.
Policy of managing the educational activities of the university in the context of the russian-Ukrainian war
Authors: Nestulya Oleksiy , Pedchenko Nataliya , Karpenko Nataliya , Nestulya Svitlana , Ivannikova Maryna
Published: April 2023

The purpose of the study is to identify the peculiarities of the activities of a higher education institution during a full-scale invasion of Ukraine by the russian army. On the example of the Higher Educational Establishment of Ukoopspilka “Poltava University of Economics and Trade”, the paper considers ways to search for and identify internal capabilities of the educational institution that would allow compensation and overcoming the negative impact of the aggressive external environment on the educational process, creating synergy between teaching, student education and youth involvement in volunteer activities. The paper describes the existing practices of partnership support in terms of interest in the learning process through the continuation of international cooperation, the application of analytical approaches to solving problems in matters of financial instability, the continuation of scientific and stabilization of the educational component, and the identification of existing experience in educational work at the university through involving young people in various career guidance and student activities. An important issue in the paper is the question of the volunteer activities of the university, which has implemented several projects to support war refugees and internally displaced persons from the temporarily occupied territories and the zone of active hostilities. Achieving such goals is possible only through a deep understanding of and adherence to the mission of Poltava University of Economics and Trade, which is so deeply perceived by the entire team of its employees.
Align MWCNT/GNPs/PDMS based nanocomposite dry ECG electrodes for ECG recordings
Authors: Öner Hasbi , Yüce Hüseyin
Published: April 2023

This work focuses on the fabrication and testing of highly conductive polymer electrodes to measure the biomedical signals known as an Electrocardiogram (ECG). When doing this, optimal skin contact is considered. Align Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes (AMWCNT), Graphene Nanoplates (GNPs), and Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) were used to fabricate the electrodes for continuous ECG monitoring. Sonication and magnetic stirring were used to disperse the mixture. The conductance of the PDMS/GNPs/AMWCNT electrodes were measured using a digital multimeter and were compared with that of standard silver-silver chloride (Ag/AgCl) electrodes. The current study showed that real-time monitoring achieved by an internet of things (IoT) systems with microcontroller.
Riesgos relacionados con el cambio climático de la flora y fauna asociada a bosques de manglar en el Caribe colombiano
Authors: Silva Beleño Eida Luz , Bolívar Geomar Molina , Jiménez-Pitre Iris
Published: April 2023

El cambio climático es la variación global de la temperatura, precipitación, nubosidad, procesos erosivos y dinámica cíclica; las alteraciones se dan por el cambio climático. Las variables mencionadas son analizadas y se busca comprobar los impactos que este fenómeno causa en los bosques de manglar en especial los riesgos a los que se encuentran expuestos la flora y la fauna asociada. Entre los efectos producidos, se destacan las modificaciones que se han venido dando sobre la estabilidad medioambiental donde crecen las especies produciendo daños colaterales en la vegetación se destacan son los contaminantes y cambios del uso del suelo afectando a especies marinas y terrestres. En la actualidad, la información sobre esta temática es escasa, y en muchos casos no se reportan dentro del contexto de la situación global y regional. El objetivo de esta investigación es describir la biodiversidad asociada al manglar del Caribe colombiano y algunos de los efectos del cambio climático en ecosistemas de manglar en los departamentos de Córdoba, Atlántico, Magdalena y La Guajira en el Caribe colombiano en los cuales se ha observado cambios en la cobertura vegetal. El cambio climático es considerando uno de los principales factores que inciden directa o indirecta, estudios realizados describen importancia de cuidar y mantener estos sistemas. En conclusión, los manglares de algunos departamentos del Caribe colombiano albergan una biodiversidad en estado crítico para la conservación.
Peces de planicies de inundación tropical de la cuenca baja del río Magdalena, Colombia
Authors: García Alzate Carlos , Morales Jenny J.
Published: April 2023

Se estudió la diversidad de peces y se evaluaron los factores determinantes en la estructuración de los ensamblajes de peces capturados en una llanura de inundación tropical de la cuenca del río Magdalena, Colombia. Se identificó que la riqueza íctica reportada en este estudio (43 especies) corresponde aproximadamente al 38 % de la diversidad de la cuenca baja del río Magdalena (112 especies) y a cerca del 19 % de la diversidad total del sistema Magdalena-Cauca. Las planicies con mayor conectividad entre sí y con el río presentaron comunidades más similares que los hábitats más distantes y aislados. Asimismo, la estructura de las comunidades de peces estuvo determinada por las condiciones del medio ambiente y el tipo de hábitat en términos de conectividad. Las variables ambientales que más influyeron en la estructura de las comunidades fueron las que estuvieron asociadas a procesos de eutrofización, tales como dureza, cloruros, nitratos, nitrógeno total, sólidos suspendidos totales y salinidad, y al pulso del caudal, como la profundidad, pero el principal factor de regulación fue la poca o nula conexión entre las zonas inundables y el cauce principal del río Magdalena. Se considera que la información generada pueda ser empleada para estimar la composición real de especies de peces dulceacuícolas, sustentar la toma de decisiones por parte de las entidades gubernamentales, priorizar áreas para la conservación de la biodiversidad o contribuir al adecuado uso y manejo de los recursos naturales presentes en este complejo sistema lagunar tropical.
Cuantificación y valoración económica del conflicto humano-puma en San Onofre, departamento de Sucre, Colombia
Authors: Salcedo-Rivera Gerson A. , Cuello Alfaro Fadel , Vanegas-Arroyo Jessica , De La Ossa-V Jaime , Galván-Guevara Silvia , Chacón-Pacheco Julio J.
Published: April 2023

El puma (Puma concolor) es un felino nativo de América que, ocasionalmente, es responsable de ataques y depredación oportunista de animales domésticos de interés productivo en Colombia, razón por la que es considerado como un animal que genera conflictos. Sin embargo, es también una especie clave en la dinámica y el equilibrio de sus ecosistemas, por lo que el mantenimiento de sus poblaciones es trascendental. En este estudio presentamos la primera caracterización y valoración económica de daños ocasionados por P. concolor en la ecorregión colombiana de Montes de María. Específicamente, reportamos una cuantificación de las pérdidas de ovinos y porcinos en algunas localidades rurales del municipio de San Onofre, departamento de Sucre, realizada por medio de una entrevista semiestructurada que se aplicó a productores entre 2018 y 2020. Adicionalmente, presentamos una revisión bibliográfica de la evidencia sobre el conflicto humano-puma en la región del Caribe colombiano. Encontramos que la situación del conflicto humano-puma está subrepresentada en los estudios para la región Caribe. Los ataques de puma en San Onofre se vincularon principalmente a la vulnerabilidad de las presas y el manejo de los encierros. Las pérdidas para los productores de ovinos oscilaron entre $ 540,000 y $2,465,000, mientras que para los productores de porcinos estuvieron entre $29,500 y $1,560,000. Dada la importancia de la región para la persistencia de la especie y la dependencia de los productores locales de las actividades agropecuarias para el sostenimiento de sus familias, se deben aunar esfuerzos interdisciplinares que permitan comprender mejor esta problemática y proponer soluciones viables e integrales.
Relación de mariposas (Lepidoptera) diurnas y fenología reproductiva de bosque seco tropical en el departamento del Atlántico, Colombia
Authors: Guzmán Soto Cristian José , Gutiérrez-Moreno† Luis Carlos
Published: April 2023

Diversas especies de mariposas han demostrado sensibilidad a transformaciones de ecosistemas debido a sus asociaciones de alimentación con plantas, razón que ha permitido proponerlas como bioindicadores del estado del hábitat. El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar las relaciones entre la fenología reproductiva del bosque seco tropical y la estructura de mariposas diurnas en cinco sitios del departamento del Atlántico-Colombia. En cada sitio las mariposas fueron capturadas con redes entomológicas y con trampas Van Someren-Rydon cebadas con una mezcla de frutas en descomposición. Simultáneamente, se estimó la fructificación y la floración aplicando el método de cuantificación de la cobertura que ocupó cada fenofase. Se registraron 261 mariposas, distribuidas en 28 especies, siendo la más abundante Hamadryas amphichloe con 89 individuos aportando con más del 30 % de la abundancia total. La fenología en 89 individuos de 19 especies de plantas estuvo caracterizada por cuatro fenofases: brotes de frutos, frutos verdes, frutos maduros y flores abiertas. Se observó que la riqueza de mariposas abundantes y dominantes se correlacionaron positivamente con brotes de frutos (p < 0,05). Adicionalmente, con el Análisis de Correspondencia Canónica se determinó que las mayores abundancias de mariposas como Hermeuptychia hermes, Callicore pitheas, Hamadryas feronia y H. amphichloe se relacionaron principalmente con altas proporciones de las fenofases frutos maduros y flor; mientras que Historis acheronta, Hypna clytemnestra y Myscelia leucocyana, mostraron una relación negativa con las dos fenofases mencionadas. Para las mariposas no frugívoras como Agraulis vanillae, Junonia evarete e Isapis agyrtus, se relacionaron principalmente con las mayores proporciones de la fenofase flores abiertas. Los resultados evidencian la posibilidad de una respuesta sincrónica (por ejemplo, coincidencia de eclosiones de mariposas con eventos de floración), por parte de ciertas mariposas a la disponibilidad de algunos recursos, como los frutos en los hábitats estudiados.
Un método rápido y efectivo para preparar hormigas para microscopía electrónica de barrido
Authors: Guerrero Roberto J.
Published: April 2023

Independientemente de la aplicación de técnicas de microscopía electrónica de barrido (MEB), la preparación adecuada del material biológico a analizar es de suma importancia. En la mayoría de los estudios de hormigas que involucran SEM, las hormigas han sido desecadas por la técnica de punto crítico (CPD por sus siglas en inglés), pero la mayoría de las especies de Dolichoderinae tienen tegumentos delgados y, por lo tanto, tienden a colapsar fácilmente. Para evaluar las ventajas potenciales de un nuevo método sobre la técnica CPD, estas hormigas de tegumentos delgados se trataron con tetrametilsilano (TMS) y luego se secaron al aire. Los resultados obtenidos en este estudio se presentan en microfotografías de barrido. Aquí, detallo un protocolo estandarizado para la preparación de hormigas con TMS antes de SEM. La técnica TMS permite el análisis de casi cinco a seis veces más hormigas que CPD y es más rápido, más fácil, más eficiente y económico que el método CPD.
Por que liam as santas de Zurbarán?
Authors: Vasconcelos Maria Celi Chaves , Álvarez Domínguez Pablo
Published: April 2023

O artigo analisa a iconografia relativa a cinco santas que portam livros em suas imagens, tratadas como “santas leitoras”, que fazem parte da coleção de quadros de oito virgens mártires existentes no Museu de Belas Artes de Sevilha. Em um plano específico problematiza-se a representação das santas com um livro nas mãos, o que difere da imagem iconográfica original, da narrativa da vida e dos milagres de cada uma. Os procedimentos metodológicos remetem a uma pesquisa documental, cujas fontes principais concentram-se nas cinco telas da coleção, elaboradas no ateliê do pintor Francisco de Zurbarán, e no diálogo com autores que escrevem sobre a temática. Conclui-se com a hipótese de que ao pintar a imagem das virgens mártires portando um livro, Zurbarán pretendia passar uma mensagem às mulheres de estímulo a uma vida como a das santas, mas também advertindo para a possibilidade de lerem a bíblia, a hagiologia e as leituras permitidas, ou seja, sobretudo, incitando a ideia de que fossem leitoras.
sociogênese do subcampo científico da Educação Física brasileira
Authors: Sviesk Moreira Tatiana , Souza Juliano , Henrique Iglesiaz Menegaldo Pedro , Moraes e Silva Marcelo
Published: April 2023

O ensaio objetivou analisar as condições e contextos, as continuidades e rupturas que foram intervenientes na apropriação dos objetos de estudo durante o processo de estruturação do subcampo científico da Educação Física no sistema de pós-graduação do Brasil. Os resultados amparados na obra de Pierre Bourdieu apontam para um contexto de estruturação do subcampo marcado pela interiorização de demandas externas do campo científico da pós-graduação brasileira somado à exteriorização da interioridade permeada por conflitos em torno da especificidade da identidade de área da Educação Física, sobretudo na dicotomia entre Ciências Naturais e Humanas que demarcou disputas no interior da produção científica da área. As principais conclusões indicam que a compreensão do universo científico na perspectiva bourdieusiana revelam os nexos que dificultariam a mobilização da “comunidade acadêmica” no sentido de solucionar as problemáticas relacionadas à área da Educação Física. Ademais, ao entender o espaço da ciência enquanto campo, rompe-se com a ideia de um corpo homogêneo de pesquisadores. Afinal a concorrência instaurada no subcampo da Educação Física reforça posturas científicas contrárias e demarcatórias de posição e ainda aumenta a necessidade de afirmação no campo, em muito, dependente da produção científica em forma de artigo nos mais altos estratos do Qualis Periódicos.
Residências multiprofissionais em saúde
Authors: Müller Francieli Ester , Lenz Flávia Camef Dorneles , Pretto Carolina Renz , Oliveira Márcia Aparecida Ferreira de , Krug Suzane Beatriz Frantz , Silva Rosângela Marion da
Published: April 2023

Este artigo objetiva analisar as produções do banco de teses e dissertações sobre residência multiprofissional da área da saúde, categorizando-as. Trata-se de um estudo realizado no Catálogo de Teses e Dissertações do Portal de Periódicos da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, em julho de 2021. Utilizou-se o termo “residência multiprofissional” para busca, no qual foram incluídos 45 estudos, sendo 40 dissertações e cinco teses. A análise dos dados foi realizada qualitativamente, por meio da análise temática. Os temas comuns das teses e dissertações foram agrupados, emergindo os seguintes eixos temáticos: Prática de preceptoria na residência multiprofissional em saúde; Contribuição da residência multiprofissional para o processo de trabalho em saúde; Ensino e formação na residência multiprofissional em saúde e Saúde de residentes multiprofissionais. A presente revisão possibilitou identificar as produções existentes sobre as residências multiprofissionais de uma forma ampla, orientando ações a serem desenvolvidas sobre a temática, além de possibilitar o gerenciamento do ensino-aprendizagem.
Inflammatory Response Modulation by Low-Dose Anti-inflammatory
Drugs Treatment in an In Vitro Osteoarthritis Cellular Model
Authors: Iuliano Marco , Santilli Valter , Mineo Andrea , Paoloni Marco , Rosa Paolo , Mangino Giorgio , Romeo Giovanna
Published: April 2023

Background:

Low-dose-medicine is based on the administration of low doses
of biological regulators to restore the immunologic balance altered in the disease. Cytokines
are pivotal regulators of cellular and tissue functions and impaired crosstalk, due
to an imbalance between specific cytokines, it is fundamental in acute inflammation and
diseases correlated to low-grade chronic inflammation. Osteoarthritis is the most prevalent
arthritic disease and a leading cause of disability. In the treatment of muscle- skeletal
pathologies, the therapeutic integration of conventional medicine with homotoxicology,
or low-dose-medicine appears to be beneficial.

Objective:

This study aims to get more insights into the role of inflammatory cytokines
and chemokines during the development of osteoarthritis and to evaluate a possible blocking
strategy using anti-inflammatory molecules, we resort to an in vitro experimental
model using an established human chondrosarcoma cell line that underwent to a well
known pro-inflammatory stimulus as bacterial lipopolysaccharide.

Methods:

We tested the production of inflammatory-related cytokines and chemokines,
and the efficacy of low-dose (LD) administration of anti-inflammatory compounds, namely
IL-10 and anti-IL-1, to block inflammatory cellular pathways.

Results:

Following an inflammatory insult, chondrocytes upregulated the expression of
several pro-inflammatory cyto-/chemokines and this induction could be counteracted by
LD IL-10 and anti-IL-1. We reported that these effects could be ascribed to an interfering
effect of LD drugs with the NF-κB signaling.

Conclusion:

Our results provided a good indication that LD drugs can be effective in inhibiting
the inflammatory response in chondrocytes opening the way to new therapies for
the treatment of diseases such as osteoarthritis.
Assessment of Cytotoxic/Antitumour Potential and in silico Study of Salazinic Acid
Isolated from Parmotrema concurrens
Authors: da Conceição de Lira Maria Aparecida , da Silva Marllyn Marques , Rocha Tamiris Alves , de Moura Danielle Feijó , Santos Costa Erick Caique , dos Santos Maia Mayara , Scotti Luciana , Scotti Marcus Tullius , de Lourdes Lacerda Buril Maria , Pereira Eugênia Cristina , de Aguiar Júnior Francisco Carlos Amanajás , de Britto Lira Nogueira Mariane Cajubá , da Silva Santos Noemia Pereira , da Silva Falcão Emerson Peter , de Melo Sebastião José
Published: April 2023

Introduction:

Despite numerous scientific advances, cancer continues to be one of the main causes of death
in the world. This situation has driven the search for promising molecules. Lichen substances have been widely described
for their pharmacological potential.

Objective:

The present study evaluated the antitumour potential of a depsidone isolated from Parmotrema concurrens–
salazinic acid (SAL) – through in vitro, in vivo and in silico studies.

Methods:

The molecule was isolated from the acetonic extract of the lichen and recrystallized in acetone. The macrophage
J774, sarcoma-180 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines were used for the MTT cytotoxicity assay. The antitumor assay
used a murine model (Swiss albino mice) with sarcoma-180. The animals were treated for seven consecutive days with
doses of SAL (25 and 50 mg/kg) and 5-fluorouracil (20 mg/kg).

Results:

Its purity was determined using high-performance liquid chromatography (94%), and its structure was confirmed
by H1 and C13 nuclear magnetic resonance. SAL was not considered toxic to cancer cell lines, showing cell
viability rates of 79.49 ± 4.15% and 86.88 ± 1.02% for sarcoma-180 and MDA-MB-231, respectively. The tumour
inhibition rate was greater than 80% in the animals treated with SAL and 65% for those that received 5-fluorouracil.
Simulations of molecular dynamics to estimate the flexibility of the interactions between human thymidylate synthase
and derivatives of SAL and 5-fluorouracil revealed that SAL exhibited greater enzymatic interaction capacity, with
highly favourable energy, compared to 5-fluorouracil.

Conclusion:

The present results demonstrate the potential of salazinic acid as a tumour inhibition agent.
Non-HLA Genes and Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Borjac Jamilah , Matar Alaa , Merheb Maxime , Vazhappilly Cijo George , Matar Rachel
Published: April 2023

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. Identification of genetic variants that pose risks to MS is of high interest since they contribute largely to disease pathogenesis. A rich body of literature associated these risks with variants of HLA genes located mostly on the short arm of chromosome 6 (6p21). These genetic variations may result in alteration in protein function and are associated, therefore, with disease phenotype and therapy outcome. Although the HLA region has been routinely known to have the strongest correlation with MS, other genes found within and outside HLA locus are considered risk factors for MS. The objective of this review is to shed light on the non-HLA genes implicated with multiple sclerosis. Due to the interplay between the polygenetic and environmental factors, along with their differential contribution and genetic heterogeneity among populations, it is extremely challenging to determine the contribution of the non-HLA genes to the outcome and onset of MS disease. We conclude that a better assemblage of genetic factors involved in MS can have a critical impact on the establishment of a genetic map of MS that allows proper investigation at the expression and functional levels.
Prevalence and Cause of Enamel Hypoplasia in Primary Teeth among 1-year-old Japanese Children
Authors: Miyamoto Akane , Minagawa Kumiko , Nohno Kaname , Kaneko Noboru , Ichikawa Yu , Hoshino Takashi , Ito Harue , Yoshihara Akihiro
Published: April 2023

Objective:

In this study, the prevalence and underlying cause of enamel hypoplasia in one-year-old children were examined. Additionally, to determine the association between enamel hypoplasia and exposure to sunlight based on the frequency of the mother’s outings during pregnancy.

Methods:

A total of 273 kids (139 boys) were involved in this study. Based on questionnaires surveys to mothers, oral examinations, and photographs of children's mouths, we looked at the connection between the circumstances of pregnancy and the occurrence of enamel hypoplasia. The presence of enamel hypoplasia was assessed using logistic regression analysis differed among the results of the questionnaire.

Results:

The prevalence of enamel hypoplasia was 38.5%. In the medium and low groups, enamel hypoplasia was more common than in the high group at the birth month of the child (adjusted odds ratio: 3.36, 95% confidence interval: 1.65–6.85, p = 0.001 vs. adjusted odds ratio: 3.76, 95% confidence interval: 1.89–7.48, p < 0.001, respectively). Enamel hypoplasia was knowingly higher among the children whose mothers went out less than 1–2 times a week during pregnancy (adjusted odds ratio: 2.41, 95% confidence interval: 1.04–5.61, p = 0.041). Enamel hypoplasia was significantly more prevalent when mothers used painkillers during pregnancy (adjusted odds ratio: 5.45, 95% Confidence interval: 1.74–17.08, p = 0.004).

Conclusion:

It was suggested that the use of antipyretic analgesics during pregnancy and frequency of outings and variations in sunshine hours according to the child's birth month could affect the occurrence of enamel hypoplasia.
Case Report: Acute Retinal Necrosis following Unexpanded Gas Tamponade Acute Retinal Necrosis following Unexpanded Gas Tamponade
Authors: Sezgin Hamza , Herrmann Wolfgang , Prahs Philipp , Galal Ahmed
Published: April 2023

Purpose:

To present 2 cases of acute non-hemorrhagic retinal necrosis occurring following pars plana vitrectomy for epiretinal membrane peeling following the use of unexpanded gas tamponade.

Case Report:

Two eyes (both right eyes) of 2 healthy females presented with decreased visual acuity due to Epiretinal membrane, and they underwent 25G vitrectomy and membrane peeling. The vitrectomy operation was uneventful and was concluded with the insertion of 20% sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) tamponade. Both eyes were pseudophakic and had no other ocular or systemic pathology. Patients were controlled 24 hours following the surgery and both presented with normal anterior segment examination and normal intraocular pressure. Both patients complained of central scotoma and both had very difficult light perception. Fundus examination showed devitalized macula structures in the presence of gas bubbles occupying almost 100% of the vitreous cavity. OCT examination done a few days after surgery revealed necrotic retinal tissue. Four weeks later, both eyes had light perception vision, and devitalization of the central macula and spicule-like pigment changes in the midperiphery of the retinal in both eyes.

Conclusion:

We present 2 cases of blindness after vitrectomy with ILM peeling combined with 20% SF6 Intraocular tamponade. This severe complication was not related to elevated intraocular pressure due to gas expansion.
Performance of a Silicone Hydrogel Daily Disposable Contact Lens among Wearers with Lens-related Dryness
Authors: Reindel William , Steffen Robert , Mosehauer Gary , Schafer Jeffery , Rah Marjorie , Shahidi Ayda , Proskin Howard
Published: April 2023

Background:

Addressing contact lens dryness continues to be a development goal of contact lens (CL) manufacturers.

Objective:

The objective of this study is to evaluate the clinical performance of kalifilcon A, a daily disposable silicone hydrogel (SiHy) CL, in subjects that experience dryness with their habitual planned-replacement SiHy CLs relative to a non-dry subgroup.

Methods:

A cohort of adapted planned-replacement SiHy CL wearers wore kalifilcon A lenses for at least 8 hours daily over two weeks. After one week of lens wear, subjects completed a survey regarding their lens wearing experience with respect to comfort and vision. Subsequently, subjects visited the clinics for the 2-week visit, during which the investigators completed a slit lamp exam and questionnaire regarding lens performance.

Results:

The evaluation included 180 subjects experiencing CL dryness with their habitual SiHy lenses and 213 subjects that did not. Both subgroups largely agreed with all comfort and vision attribute statements, and the dryness subgroup expressed higher levels of agreement with most comfort-related statements. Among habitual rewetting drop users, 73.9% in the dryness subgroup and 73.1% in the non-dry subgroup used drops less frequently while wearing kalifilcon A lenses. Investigators found no > Grade 2 slit-lamp findings, nor differences between subgroups. Neither subgroup showed a change in ratings between visits, except for a significantly higher proportion of improvers in the non-dry subgroup for upper lid tarsal conjunctival abnormalities.

Conclusion:

The kalifilcon A lens performed well among habitual planned-replacement SiHy CLs wearers. Its unique chemistry can provide a more satisfying wear experience for SiHy lens wearers experiencing CL dryness.
The Live Experiences of Nurses Caring for Patients Diagnosed with COVID-19 Infection in the North West Province
Authors: Dikobe Joan M. , Moagi Miriam M. , Sehularo Leepile A.
Published: April 2023

Background:

Nurses are the frontline healthcare workers and continue to play a vital role in caring for patients diagnosed with COVID-19 infection. Exploring and describing the experiences of nurses caring for COVID-19 patients are significant to determine what nurses are experiencing physically, psychologically, and socially, in order to help them in improving the quality of patient care.

Objective:

The study aimed to explore and describe the live experiences of the nurses caring for patients diagnosed with COVID-19 infection in the North West Province.

Methods:

A qualitative, descriptive, phenomenological and contextual design was used to collect data. The study used a non-probability sampling approach and purposive sampling technique to select four focus group discussions (FGDs) in this study. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, and analysis was done using descriptive phenomenological data analysis to develop themes and categories. Measures to ensure the trustworthiness of the study were considered throughout the study.

Results:

The results indicated nurses’ conceptualisation of COVID-19, nurses’ physical experiences of caring for patients diagnosed with COVID-19 infection, nurses' psychological experiences of caring for patients diagnosed with COVID-19 infection, nurses' social experiences of caring for patients diagnosed with COVID-19 infection, nurses' positive experiences of caring for patients diagnosed with COVID-19 infection, and nurses' experiences of coping when caring for patients diagnosed with COVID-19 infection.

Conclusion:

The study showed nurses caring for COVID-19 patients to be physically, psychologically, and socially affected by the disease. Therefore, they needed support from the managers, colleagues, family members, and the community.
SMART VILLAGE GOVERNANCE THROUGH THE VILLAGE INFORMATION SYSTEM IN TUBAN REGENCY
Authors: Iswanto Denny
Published: April 2023

The rapid use of information technology (IT) in all aspects of life from government to the general public has encouraged this local government to integrate city elements to support information technology-based urban life or can be called a smart city. In line with the use of this concept, in the context of a smaller government, namely the village, the concept of a technology-based smart village or commonly referred to as a smart village has been applied. Indicators or basic elements of the smart village concept by looking at the indicators used in the smart city concept which are adapted to be more suitable for implementation in village government into Smart Governance, Smart Technology, Smart Resources, Smart Village Services, Smart Living, and Smart Tourism. This research uses descriptive analysis research method and combined with SWOT analysis method. The results showed that the application of the smart village concept in Tuban Regency did not have a previously designed development model. The implementation of smart villages is only focused on the development of administrative services in the form of the use of information technology which is only one indicator of the implementation of smart villages, but for other indicator elements it is still far from the general concept of what the actual implementation of smart villages is, so that various improvements are still needed, including the application of the development model. smart village, sustainable improvement of village information systems for the sake of ongoing public accountability in providing services to the community.
IMPLEMENTATION OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP-BASED GOVERNMENT IN THE LOCAL GOVERNMENT: CASE STUDY IN KEBUMEN, INDONESIA
Authors: Prasetyo Hendrawan
Published: April 2023

Being an adaptive and responsive bureaucratic apparatus in serving the community is something that absolutely must be done. A proactive attitude towards the progress and development of community life must also be possessed by the bureaucratic apparatus as a public servant. Therefore, the bureaucratic apparatus is required to have an entrepreneurial spirit (entrepreneurial bureaucracy). This study aims to find out how to entrepreneurship the local government bureaucracy in Kebumen Regency and to find out how the implementation of entrepreneurship in the bureaucracy is as a transformation of the entrepreneurial spirit in the public sector, as well as what are the problems faced in entrepreneurship bureaucracy in the Kebumen Regency Government. This study uses a qualitative approach, which is trying to get as complete information as possible about how to apply entrepreneurial principles to the bureaucracy through in-depth interviews. The writing is focused on issues related to the transformation of entrepreneurship in the bureaucracy in the local government of Kebumen Regency. The research subjects were the researchers themselves, while the informants used to collect data through interviews consisted of elements of the local government of Kebumen Regency. Based on the results of the research conducted, the concept of entrepreneurship of the Kebumen Regency Government bureaucracy through the principles of bureaucratic entrepreneurship has been carried out by various public service agencies. The principle of bureaucratic entrepreneurship is characterized by several things, namely: professional, innovative, effectiveness, efficiency, productivity and customer oriented.Keywords: adaptive, entrepreneurial bureaucracy, good corporate governance, responsive
The role of intellectual capital in creating and establishing business value: A survey of a sample of workers at the Sonelgaz Foundation in Algeria
Authors: El-Tahan Emad Abdel KhaleK Saber , Benlaria Houcine , larbi Tikkaoui , Abdelkader Abderrahmane , Helal Tarig Osman Abdallah
Published: April 2023

This study seeks to highlight and clarify the level of intellectual capital in energy institutions in Algeria and to identify its role in creating value for the work of the institution in question, to address the problem of its content, and identify the reality of intellectual capital in the institution under study and its effectiveness in establishing and adding value to its work. A questionnaire was prepared and distributed amongst a target sample to gain their views and post-collection; the questionnaires were submitted to the SPSS program according to the fifth Likert scale. After descriptive analysis and testing the hypotheses of the study, a low level of awareness amongst the participants was found regarding the introduction of innovative technologies to improve their production processes and regarding the study’s quest to achieve a good level of customer satisfaction with them. The reexamination of the improvement of the surveyed enterprise business level by focusing on the adoption of continuous improvement policy and change in the organizational culture is recommended as this may help it to own intellectual capital outstanding.
Robust Outcomes for Hispanic Lung Transplant Recipients in the United States
Authors: Bremer Michelle N. , Gama Garrick J. , Rao Omkar , Golts Eugene , Kurup Deepa , Kafi Aarya , Lin Christine M. , Yung Gordon , Afshar Kamyar
Published: April 2023

Race, while a social construct, has a strong effect on a person’s health. There is limited data on racial disparities within lung transplantation (LTx), especially for Hispanic recipients. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify inequalities that may involve this population. We analyzed historical data from the Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network (OPTN) and performed a retrospective review of Hispanic and Caucasian patients who underwent lung transplantation in the United States between May 4, 2005 and October 31, 2019. We compared pre-transplant health status to that of survival outcomes for both Caucasians and Hispanics using Kaplan-Meier survival analyses and Cox proportional hazards modeling to controlling for age, gender, pre-LTx diagnosis, and type of LTx. During this timeframe, 1,934 Hispanics and 22,767 Caucasians underwent lung transplantation. A statistically significant difference was seen between the two groups regarding age (p < 0.0001), body mass index (BMI) (p < 0.0001), type of lung transplant (bilateral versus single, p < 0.0001), and pre-transplant diagnoses (p < 0.0001). In all included pre-LTx health measures, Hispanics were significantly worse (p ≤ 0.0001-0.0410). Interestingly, it was found that Hispanics have better survival rates at 1 year and 3 years (p < 0.0001) with an associated hazards ratio of 0.927[0.868, 0.991] in comparison to Caucasians. Hispanics are underrepresented among LTx recipients, transplanted in worse health, and for diseases that have been noted to have the worst long-term survival outcomes. Despite these factors, Hispanics have a better long-term survival rate post-LTx.
Adversity and Turnaround in Medical Education:Development and vision of a framework for a multimodal teaching and learning interaction model (Preprint)
Authors: Ying Liang , Cheng Zhangyu , Sun Jiaju , Chen Linjunliang , Ye Zijun , Ye Qing , Xu Haichao , Wu Xinyu , Hong Xiaochang , Chen Tongke
Published: April 2023

UNSTRUCTURED

Traditional medical education is facing significant challenges, particularly since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Extensive research has highlighted the limitations imposed by resource, time, and space constraints, coupled with the often poor relationships between teaching subjects in medical education. This paper presents the architecture of a multimodal teaching interaction model combining both technological phenomenology and multimodal theory and its potential applications. In this study, we successfully constructed a teaching method involving multimodal virtual experience and describe the overall conceptual framework of learning scenarios. Based on the behavioral education model, situational learning, and human-computer interaction theory as the theoretical framework, the model uses the current medical education model as background and combines it with cutting-edge virtual reality, haptic feedback, gesture interaction, and other technologies. This is based on a multi-level application architecture, involving both physical and perceptual layers, and has obvious potential for application in three types of virtual medical education scenarios, namely, "theoretical knowledge learning", "operational skill learning", and "practical experiential learning". This establishes a cross-spatial connection between the virtual and the real using model immersion, collaboration, dynamic feedback, and other characteristics, overcoming the limitations of spatial scenes. If leveraged, the multimodal teaching interaction model (MTIM) will expand the application scenarios of teaching and will effectively enhance the sense of reality and experience of situational teaching, resulting in improved interactive feedback between medical education subjects and meeting teaching and learning needs in the post-epidemic era. Overall, the model proposed in this paper has significant potential for promoting reform in medical education, together with providing feasible ideas and suggestions for the future development of artificial intelligence in medical education.
Correction: Assessment of the Efficacy, Safety, and Effectiveness of Weight Control and Obesity Management Mobile Health Interventions: Systematic Review (Preprint)
Authors: Puigdomenech Puig Elisa , Robles Noemí , Saigí-Rubió Francesc , Zamora Alberto , Moharra Montse , Paluzie Guillermo , Balfegó Mariona , Cuatrecasas Cambra Guillem , Garcia-Lorda Pilar , Carrion Carme
Published: April 2023

UNSTRUCTURED
Web-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Depression Among Homebound Older Adults: Development and Usability Study (Preprint)
Authors: Xiang Xiaoling , Kayser Jay , Ash Samson , Zheng Chuxuan , Sun Yihang , Weaver Addie , Dunkle Ruth , Blackburn James A , Halavanau Alex , Xue Jia , Himle Joseph A
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND

Homebound older adults are a high-risk group for depression. However, many of them face barriers to accessing evidence-supported mental health treatments. Digital mental health interventions can potentially improve treatment access, but few web-based interventions are explicitly tailored for depression in older adults.

OBJECTIVE

This paper describes the development process of Empower@Home, a web-delivered intervention for depression in homebound older adults that is based on cognitive behavioral therapy, and reports on the outcomes of usability studies.

METHODS

Empower@Home was developed in collaboration with community agencies, stakeholders, and older adults, guided by user-centered design principles. User needs were assessed through secondary data analysis, demographic and health profiles from administrative data, and interviews and surveys of community partners. A comparative usability evaluation was conducted with 10 older adults to assess the usability of Empower@Home compared to 2 similar programs. Field testing was conducted with 4 end users to detect additional usability issues.

RESULTS

Feedback and recommendations from community partners heavily influenced the content and design of Empower@Home. The intervention consists of 9 sessions, including psychoeducation and an introduction to cognitive behavioral therapy skills and tools through short video clips, in-session exercises, an animated storyline, and weekly out-of-session home practice. A printed workbook accompanies the web-based lessons. In comparative usability testing (N=10), Empower@Home received a System Usability Scale score of 78 (SD 7.4), which was significantly higher than the 2 comparator programs (t9=3.28; P=.005 and t9=2.78; P=.011). Most participants, 80% (n=8), preferred Empower@Home over the comparators. In the longitudinal field test (n=4), all participants reported liking the program procedures and feeling confident in performing program-related tasks. The single-subject line graph showed an overall downward trend in their depression scores over time, offering an encouraging indication of the intervention’s potential effects.

CONCLUSIONS

Collaboration with community stakeholders and careful consideration of potential implementation issues during the design process can result in more usable, engaging, and effective digital mental health interventions.
Navigating Careers in Medicine as Women: The Realities We Face and Strategies for Success

Abstract: This article provides background on the state of medicine for women physicians including exploring the pay gap, leadership gaps and work culture issues that exist. It also provides strategies for advancing professionally. (Preprint)
Authors: Syed Fatima , Moyer Darilyn
Published: April 2023

UNSTRUCTURED

Abstract: This article provides background on the state of medicine for women physicians including exploring the pay gap, leadership gaps and work culture issues that exist. It also provides strategies for advancing professionally.
How Can Chat GPT Be Helpful In Undergraduate Medical Education: We Had A Chat! (Preprint)
Authors: Barman Himesh , saikia bishwajeet , Jamil Md
Published: April 2023

UNSTRUCTURED

ChatGPT is an artificial intelligence Chabot that has gained popularity due to its capabilities. It is the fastest-growing AI-based software application [1]. Kung et al have demonstrated its medical knowledge and noted that it displayed comprehensible reasoning and valid clinical insight [2]. We explored its potential utility in undergraduate medical teaching-learning. ChatGPT's output suggested a long list of potential areas of utility. These include providing quick access to information, answering questions, offering explanations, providing realistic case scenarios, and offering personalized feedback, engaging students in active and personalized learning, facilitating discussions, simulating patient interactions, virtual tutoring and test preparation.
To understand its capabilities, we asked it some ‘doubts’. We asked, "Why is there no pulmonary oedema in nephrotic syndrome while there is edema everywhere else?" Chat GPT could explain it appropriately. Then we asked Chat GPT to generate a typical HPLC report of a child with beta-thalassemia major, which it readily did. When we asked how there could be detectable HbA if there is a homozygous mutation in the B globin chain, it provided a correct explanation. In both the questions, when asked, it also cited appropriate references.
Next, the Chatbot on request generated a case scenario of a baby with severe acute malnutrition (SAM) and a script for a role-play for counselling parents with the SAM child demonstrating desirable attributes. The use of prompts allowed us to refine the scenario and the script further.
It could also set multiple choice questions, short-answer questions, and structured and modified essay questions.
We felt that Chat GPT can indeed be a "pocket tutor" for medical students to get quick answers, find explanations for queries, and provide resources. This will help in personalized learning, self-directed learning, and problem-solving. Chat GPT can be used to generate acceptable scenarios and scripts for teaching, which can be customized and refined with appropriate prompts. The Chatbot may also be helpful in planning assessments though the generated questions may need human moderation.
However, chat GPT has some limitations. The information needs to be verified by a human reviewer (the student or the teacher) and it lacks access to journals and databases like PubMed and Cochrane and to data beyond 2021[3]. There is also potential for abuse, and students have already used it for cheating on assignments [3, 4].
We conclude that Chat GPT has the potential to enhance medical education, but it is important to acknowledge that while it can aid, it cannot replace human teachers and human interaction. Responsible usage and mechanisms for checks and balances are important for its effective use.