bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
UČINKOVITOST NAKNADA OPĆE SOCIJALNE POMOĆI I ULOGA CENTRA ZA SOCIJALNU SKRB U BORBI PROTIV SIROMAŠTVA
Authors: Podobnik Martina , Ilijaš Antun
Published: April 2021

THE EFFICIENCY OF GENERAL SOCIAL ASSISTANCE BENEFITS AND THE ROLE OF SOCIAL WELFARE CENTERS IN COMBATING POVERTY The social work profession is rooted in combating poverty and the fight for human rights. Social welfare centers represent a key institution in that area, particularly the cash benefits departments in which social workers daily work with the poorest members of society. The system of social assistance benefits in Croatia includes the general and categorical social assistance programs. This paper is focused on general assistance programs, guaranteed minimum benefit and one-time allowance. The aforementioned rights are regulated by the Social Welfare Act which has been amended six times since 2011, thus bringing novelties to the area of realization of the right to general social assistance benefits. The paper presents the most important changes and provides an overview of their practical applicability. It also provides guidelines for improving efficiency of the two most important cash benefits with regard to the amount of the benefits and their targeting, efficiency with regard to beneficiary groups including children and retired persons and work activation of young persons (and) beneficiaries who are capable for work. Considering the crucial role of social workers in the deciding on the recognition of the right to benefits, special attention was paid to a critical overview the role of social workers n the cash benefits departments.
Future Definition of the Candela Based on Single Photons
Authors: LEE Dong-Hoon , HONG Kee-Suk
Published: April 2021

We discuss the candela (cd), the SI unit for light intensity, and its relation to single-photon technology. Currently, the definition of candela is based on the radiant flux in the unit of watts (W) with a fixed constant Kcd, and its primary standard is implemented electrically. Recent advances in the generation and the detection of a single photon indicate that photon-counting techniques with very small uncertainties of less than 1 ppm will become available in the near future. Thus single-photon technology will allow the light intensity to be defined simply in terms of the number of photons counted rather than the power measured in watts.
Family Business Tourism Risk in the Context of Coronavirus Pandemic
Authors: Harc Martina , Basarac Sertić Martina
Published: April 2021

The coronavirus is crippling the global economy. However, the economic impacts of the pandemic vary significantly across sectors of the economy. This outbreak and related lockdowns are putting the tourism industry under unprecedented pressure. Within months, world tourism went from over-tourism to non-tourism. Therefore, the overall objective of this chapter is to introduce the latest trends in tourism, with emphasis on family businesses. More precisely, the chapter encompasses (1) the theoretical background, which defines family business, highlights their characteristics, and summarizes the importance of leadership succession; (2) the role of family business resilience and their behaviour in times of crisis; (3) a review of relevant European Commission policy publications regarding EU tourism and statistical analyses of selected key tourism indicators; and (4) an analysis of family businesses environment in time of crisis. Hence, this chapter has documented the crucial role that family businesses tourism has within the European Union and on the front line of the current crises.
Crisis Favors the Prepared Firm
Authors: Bechthold Laura , Lude Maximilian , Prügl Reinhard
Published: April 2021

This chapter examines the interplay of the fundamental constructs of perceived organizational resilience and organizational ambidexterity by providing insights from a case study of an integrated service company in the tourism and leisure industry located in the Swiss Alps. The authors theorize that organizational ambidexterity (i.e., the balance between adaptability and alignment) leads to higher levels of resilience by boosting the capability of the firm to mitigate and adapt to major disruptions in its environment. Data from a survey with non-family employees show that establishing structures of alignment and adaptability and imprinting an “and/or”-mindset into the company culture has enabled all employees to constantly navigate new challenges while staying aligned on priorities throughout the hardships of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the positive effects of alignment and adaptability can only unfold if they are combined with clear communication and transparency by the company's leadership.
Travellers' Resilience to Major Travel Risks of Today
Authors: Veréb Vanda , Azevedo António
Published: April 2021

It is argued that the current times can be labelled as the era of fear, as there is always something to be afraid of. Fear causes great damage to the tourism industry, as the prerequisite of global travels is (the sense of) safety. Resilience is a promising approach to address the harmful effect of fear in tourism. Travellers' resilience, while an essential component of overall tourism resilience, is scarcely studied. This chapter investigates what makes global travellers resilient in the face of current global adversities, terrorism risk, and COVID-19, the recent game-changers in tourism. By building on psychological resilience theory and synthesizing the latest risk-specific findings, general categories of travellers' resilience are outlined. The chapter concludes by profiling each travellers' category along with communication guidelines on how to encourage each segment in troubled times.
VLEs in a Post-COVID World
Authors: Diab-Bahman Randa
Published: April 2021

Once exposed, the COVID-19 pandemic created unprecedented pressure on all sectors causing many temporarily closures and organizations working from home. Daily norms were interrupted and further complicated with the declaration of quarantine curfews worldwide. One major sector which has been greatly impacted is the education sector. Due to the nature of its complicated infrastructure, all stakeholders were heavily affected as the world turned to online learning for solutions. By doing so, many educational institutes were able to continue with their teaching, even with strict social distancing measures in place. Although remote learning is not a new concept in the education sector, it is a new concept in Kuwait. In this chapter, a thorough review is given on the strategy which Kuwait's universities adopted as they prepared for distance learning for the first time throughout the country. Khan's 8-element VLE model will be used as a reference.
DNA Fragment Assembly Using Quantum-Inspired Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Rathee Manisha , Dilip Kumar , Rathee Ritu
Published: April 2021

DNA fragment assembly (DFA) is one of the most important and challenging problems in computational biology. DFA problem involves reconstruction of target DNA from several hundred (or thousands) of sequenced fragments by identifying the proper orientation and order of fragments. DFA problem is proved to be a NP-Hard combinatorial optimization problem. Metaheuristic techniques have the capability to handle large search spaces and therefore are well suited to deal with such problems. In this chapter, quantum-inspired genetic algorithm-based DNA fragment assembly (QGFA) approach has been proposed to perform the de novo assembly of DNA fragments using overlap-layout-consensus approach. To assess the efficacy of QGFA, it has been compared genetic algorithm, particle swarm optimization, and ant colony optimization-based metaheuristic approaches for solving DFA problem. Experimental results show that QGFA performs comparatively better (in terms of overlap score obtained and number of contigs produced) than other approaches considered herein.
Thermal Degradation of Natural Rubber Vulcanizates Reinforced with Organomodified Kaolin Intercalates
Authors: Mgbemena Chinedum Ogonna , Emovon Ikuobase
Published: April 2021

In this study, Natural Rubber Vulcanizates (NRV) reinforced with organomodified kaolin was developed. The NRV were subjected to thermal degradation to ascertain its suitability for high-temperature automotive applications. Kaolin intercalation was achieved using derivatives of Rubber seed oil (Hevea brasiliensis) and Tea seed oil (Camellia sinensis) in the presence of hydrazine hydrate as co-intercalate. The developed Natural Rubber Vulcanizates were characterised using Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). FTIR spectra obtained for the organomodified natural rubber vulcanizates revealed the presence of carbonyl groups at bands 1564cm-1 and 1553cm-1 which is an indication of organomodified kaolin intercalation within the Natural Rubber matrix for kaolin intercalates of Rubber seed oil and Tea seed oil respectively while no value was reported for the Natural Rubber vulcanizates obtained from the pristine kaolin filler. TGA results indicated that NRV developed from kaolin intercalates of Rubber seed oil (RSO) with onset degradation and final degradation temperatures of 354.2°C and 601.3°C were found to be the most thermally stable of the Natural Rubber Vulcanizates investigated. The SEM micrograph revealed that the kaolin nanofillers in Rubber Seed Oil modified Natural Rubber Vulcanizates were well dispersed as compared to that of Tea Seed Oil modified Natural Rubber Vulcanizates.
Magnetic and Thermal Studies of Iron-Based Amorphous Alloys Produced by a Combination of Melt-Spinning and Ball Milling
Authors: Allafe Razzaghi Zahra , Kianvash Abbas , Tutunchi Abolfazl
Published: April 2021

In this study, we demonstrate the synthesis of an Fe78Si9B10P3 amorphous alloy by three pathways: mechanical alloying, melt-spinning and a combination of melt-spinning and ball milling. Microstructure, thermal stability and soft magnetic properties of the melt-spun and mechanically alloyed powders are comparatively studied. Ball milling of previously melt-spun samples led to an amorphous powder with an average particle size of ~2.4 μm after 20 hrs of milling. Mechanical alloying of elemental Fe-Si-B-P powders in a planetary ball mill for up to 100 hrs led only to a partial amorphisation of powder with a median particle size of ~1.3 μm. Differential thermal analysis of the amorphous ribbon revealed that the amorphous phase was stable up to ~520 °C, at which the crystallization process occurred. The melt spun ribbons exhibited excellent soft ferromagnetic behavior, including high saturation magnetization (Ms) of ~171 emu/g and a low coercivity (Hc) of ~2.8 Oe. In the 20 hrs milled ribbons, due to a probable partial anisotropy which induced by ball milling stress, the Ms value decreased slightly to ~161 emu/g but the Hc increased to ~38 Oe. The mechanically alloyed samples present a relatively lower Ms of ~154 emu/g and higher Hc of ~43 Oe. It is to be noted that the milling of ribbons is usually inevitable due to their technological restrictions in use.
Rational use of PPE and preventing PPE related skin damage
Authors: Sureka Binit , Nag Vijaya Lakshmi , Garg Mahendra Kumar , Tak Vibhor , Banerjee Mithu , Bishnoi Ashok , Misra Sanjeev
Published: April 2021

On 31st December, 2019, an outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was declared in Wuhan, China. On 24 March 2020, there was a nationwide lockdown for 21 days, followed by Janata curfew on 22nd March. As the pandemic has developed and spread across continents, everyone including policy makers have realized shortage of personal protective equipment (PPE) such as N95 respirators, coverall, and face shields. This is one of the major factors putting healthcare workers not only at risk of infection but also to various side effects of prolonged use of PPE. Based on international experiences, new ideas in procuring and mass manufacturing, rational use of PPE equipment is the need of hour, especially for developing nations which lack adequate resources and infrastructure for manufacturing PPEs.
Prevalence and risks factors of the novel Escherichia albertii among gastroenteritis patients in Kano State, Nigeria
Authors: Sulaiman Mamunu A. , Aminu Maryam , Ella Elijah E. , Abdullahi Isa O.
Published: April 2021

Background:

Escherichia albertii is an enteric bacteria associated with infectious gastroenteritis. However, information on this organism remains scant in Nigeria. The work was aimed at determining the prevalence of E. albertii among gastroenteritis patients (GEP) in relation to some risk and demographic factors.

Methods:

The study was a cross-sectional hospital-based research. A total of 540 stool samples, 450 from GEPs and 90 from apparently healthy individuals, were screened for the pathogen. The isolates were characterized by using both conventional and molecular techniques. Data were obtained using a structured questionnaire and were analyzed for the determination of some risk and demographic factors. Odds ratio and chi-square were used to ascertain the relationship between the factors and the disease.

Results:

Escherichia albertii was detected with an overall prevalence of 1.1%, which was 1.3% and 0% in the GEPs and apparently healthy individuals, respectively (Odd ratio = 2.6468, 95% CI, 0.1478–47.4042). Diarrhea and abdominal pain were statistically the significant manifestations of the disease. There was an equal prevalence in both males and females (1.3%), however, by chance higher (2.1%) among children aged 0 to 10 years. Additionally, primary school as the highest educational status and open defecation were found to be the risk factors of the infection.

Conclusions:

Escherichia albertii should be routinely targeted diagnostically in the patients presented with gastroenteritis in the studied area. Neither gender nor age was a risk factor, however open defecation was a significant risk factor of the disease.
Kolmogorov's strong law of large numbers holds for pairwise uncorrelated random variables
Authors: Janisch Maximilian
Published: April 2021

Используя подход Н. Этемади (1981 г.) к усиленному закону больших чисел (УЗБЧ) и развитие этого подхода, предпринятое в работе Ш. Чeргe, К. Тандори и В. Тотика (1983 г.), мы приводим более слабые условия, при которых УЗБЧ все еще справедлив, для попарно некоррелированных (а также для "почти некоррелированных") случайных величин. Мы сосредоточиваем внимание, в частности, на случайных величинах, не являющихся одинаково распределенными. Наш подход позволяет получить еще одно, простое доказательство классического УЗБЧ.
Peace Education: A Missing Link in the Adult Education Sub-sector of Ethiopia?
Authors: Wirtu Dessu
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this study was to explore whether peace education has been incorporated into the integrated functional adult education program of Ethiopia. To this end, qualitative research design was employed. Phenomenological approach and qualitative content analysis were used. The required data were obtained from both primary and secondary sources. A total of 53 respondents were selected by using purposive, availability and snow-ball sampling techniques in this qualitative study. Instruments of data collection were semi-structured interview guide, focus group discussion and open-ended questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed, triangulated, and interpreted qualitatively. Bias was overcome by using triangulation, member-checking, and tick description. The findings indicated that peace education as a theme was not integrated into the functional adult education program of Ethiopia even though there are peace education related concepts. It had also identified opportunities to integrate peace education into the educational program and also indicated the challenges like the lack of peace education in academic programs could lead to shortage of qualified professional peace education teachers; and integrating peace education into functional adult education program of the nation might incur huge financial costs. Based on the major findings, it was safely concluded that even though there are some peace education-related contents in the IFAE program, the lack of peace education as an independent theme in the adult education subsector of the country could hamper the development of the required modern conflict resolution techniques among adult learners.Keywords: peace education, integrated functional adult education, stakeholder participation
Addis Ababa/Finfinee: A Blueprint towards Twin-city Administration
Authors: Sirna Zelalem Tesfaye
Published: April 2021

This article analyses the challenge of Addis Ababa´s double status – both as capital of Ethiopia and that of the Regional State of Oromia. It delves into the unresolved issue of the special interest of Oromia in Addis Ababa/Finfinnee. This article propounds that, where there is no separate capital city administration directly responsible to the State of Oromia, it is constitutionally nonsensical and hierarchically incongruent to require the State of Oromia to join hands with the Addis Ababa city government for joint administration. Thus, it seeks to address the so-called “special interest” of Oromia in Addis Ababa/Finfinnee through two-city administrations. This stems from a critical reading of the constitutional provision which calls for the establishment of joint administration of Addis Ababa/Finfinnee (see: Art 49 (5) of the FDRE Constitution). Furthermore, the Indian model of city administration is taken as a lesson to supplement twin-city administration. This article finds that, for the State of Oromia to ensure not only the so-called “special interest in Addis Ababa” but most importantly its right to the city, it shall, a fortiori, undertake a structural adjustment.Keywords: Addis Ababa/Finfinnee, India, Special Interest, Twin-city Administration
Predictors of Irregular International Migration among Youth in Jimma Zone, South West Ethiopia
Authors: Ashenafi Woldemichael  , Melese Getu
Published: April 2021

This article deals with irregular international migration among the youth in south-west Ethiopia, which is one of the major issues that grabbed the attention of the international community in recent years. The article draws on a study which aimed at determining major predictors of irregular migration intention among youth in Jimma Zone, Southwest Ethiopia. Irregular migration and human trafficking are serious challenges that people face in Ethiopia in general and in Jimma Zone in particular. Concurrent cross-sectional mixed method study design was deployed, and a total of 347 respondents participated in a quantitative survey and 33 and 6 took part in five Focus Group Discussions and in-depth interviews respectively. The study was conducted in three selected woredas/districts of Jimma Zone between March and April 2018. Variables such as age, political unrest, unreliable information from social media, social networks, the desire for life enhancement, and readiness for taking risk are found to be good predictors or reasons of irregular migration. Age has strong negative correlation (r=-0.73) with irregular migration intention. Personal readiness has very strong (r=0.96) and positive correlation with irregular migration intention. In conclusion, youth in particular and community in general in Jimma Zone favor irregular migration to home situation and prefer to try out other life as livelihood strategy.
Skin associated problems in working donkeys in three districts of Sidama Zone, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Aragaw Kassaye , Abdella Abdulaziz , Fekadu Amene , Kassaye Asmamaw , Hindebu Bojia , Sheferaw Desie
Published: April 2021

This study was conducted between November 2010 and April 2011 in 3 districts of Sidama Zone, southern Ethiopia, to estimate the prevalence and identify risk factors influencing occurrences of skin problems in donkeys. A total of randomly selected 384 male donkeys were clinically examined for skin problems. Hypothesized risk factors (age, body condition, use, feeding, housing at night, harness material, harness fitness) were either observed and recorded at the time of clinical examination or collected through semi-structured questionnaire. The overall prevalence of skin problems, taking into consideration harness sores, hyena bite, donkey bite, ectoparasites, epizootic lymphangitis, sarcoid, dermatophytosis, abscess, brand scar and ulcer due to Habronema was 91.9%. Sores were the most important (82.3%) skin problems followed by ectoparasites (22.1%). The ectoparasites identified in the study were lice (11.2%), ticks (10.4%) and mange mites (1.6%), with mixed infestation involving lice and ticks in 0.8% of the donkeys. Body condition, age, harness material and harness fitness were significantly associated with sore prevalence (P<0.001). Donkeys with poor body condition, old donkeys, donkeys with synthetic harness materials and ill-fitting harness had higher prevalence (P<0.001) of sores compared to their counterparts. The study revealed a high prevalence of skin problems in general and sores in particular which suggest profound compromise in welfare and health of the animals and possible neglect by their owners. Efforts should be made to increase the awareness of the community in general and donkey owners in particular towards improving animal welfare and health.Keywords: Skin problems, Donkey, Sore, Lice, Ticks, Ethiopia
Prevalence and associated economic loss of fetal wastage in small ruminants slaughtered at Addis Ababa municipality abattoir, Ethiopia
Authors: Wakayo Befekadu Urga , Abrham Yohanis
Published: April 2021

The study examined prevalence and economic implications of abattoir pregnancy/ fetal wastage in small ruminants. Survey was  conducted on ewes (n=201) and does (n=183) slaughtered at Addis Ababa municipality abattoirs, during December 2017 and January 2018. Female reproductive tracts were examined for presence and types of pregnancy and/ or gross disorders. Net economic lossand net economic risk due to abattoir fetal wastage were calculated for each species after accounting for naturally expected abortion and neonatal losses, and domestic net market values. One hundred forty-two (37 %) animals were pregnant 131 (34.1 %) with single and 11 (2.9 %) with twin fetus. A total of 153 fetuses were recovered giving a fetal wastage prevalence of 39.8 %. More animals in the second trimester (25.5 %) were slaughtered than those in first (8.3 %) or third (3.1 %) trimesters (p < 0.05). Prevalence of pregnancy was 32.8 % in does and 40.8 % in ewes (p = 0.104). Prevalence of fetal wastage was 37.2 % (68 fetuses) and 42.3 % (85 fetuses) in goats and sheep, respectively (p > 0.05). Abattoir pregnancy prevalence showed variations relative to slaughter month in goat (p < 0.01) and body condition in sheep (p < 0.05). Observed abattoir pregnancy prevalence levels incurred net economic loss of 313.55 USD in sheep (per 201 ewes) and 315.4 USD in goats (per 108 doe). This translated to net economic risk of 1.7 USD per mature doe or ewe slaughtered for meat. Nine (4.9 %) does and 1 (0.5 %) ewe showed gross reproductive tract disorders (p < 0.05). Frequent female slaughter without efficient ante-mortem pregnancy screening predisposed significant proportion of small ruminants to pregnancy/ fetal wastage. Deeper investigations are needed to understand reasons behind pregnant small ruminant slaughter and to mitigate its negative impacts onsustainability of animal production. Evaluating and capacity building on alternative small ruminant pregnancy diagnosis methods requires due attention.

Key words: Doe; Pregnancy; Reproductive disorders; Ewe; Fetal wastage; Economic implication; Abattoir
Application of Geographical Information System in Animal Disease Surveillance and Control: A Review
Authors: Tadesse Belege , Amare Abadi
Published: April 2021

Animal disease patterns are changing because of climate change and there is a continuous occurrence of re-emerging and emerging types of diseases. So, new and modern tools are essential for monitoring and surveillance of these diseases. This review was done to give an insight on the applications of GIS in animal disease surveillance, reporting and control. Geographic information systems (GIS) provide the easy access, utilization and manipulation of geospatial information. The advantage of GIS is mapping the many different locations of farms and other facilities with animals on a single map which helps in better monitoring and surveillance. GIS also provides detailed information on disease forecasting, prediction of outbreaks, identification of disease clusters or hotspot, creation of buffer zones and to evaluate different strategies to prevent the spread of infectious diseases. Moreover, it provides an ideal condition for the collection of disease related data and their analyses in relation to population distribution, surrounding social and health services and the natural environmental conditions.

Keywords: Animal diseases; Control; GIS; Surveillance
Chinese women in the late Qing period: Reading through Guido Amedeo Vitale’s Chinese Folklore: Pekinese Rhymes
Authors: Hajndrych Eryk
Published: April 2021

Obraz chińskich kobiet późnego okresu Qing w Chinese Folklore: Pekinese Rhymes Guido Amedeo Vitale

Idee konfucjańskiego patriarchatu zajmowały chińskie umysły od tysięcy lat. W epoce Qing podległość kobiet pogłębiła się przez rozpowszechnione praktyki krępowania stóp, prostytucję, konkubinat, dzieciobójstwo dziewczynek oraz wywieraną na wdowy presję społeczną, by pozostawały wierne zmarłym mężom. Jednocześnie kobiety okresu Qing nie tylko wypełniały zasady konfucjańskie, ale także, poprzez codzienne praktyki, przekształcały konfucjańskie nauczanie tak, aby wzmocnić swoją pozycję w domowych wnętrzach, tworząc osobiste znaczące światy. W tym czasie rodził się także chiński feminizm zapoczątkowany przez działania ruchu reformistycznego i szkoły przykościelne. Kwestie roli i miejsca chińskich kobiet oraz ich zmagania życiowe były szeroko badane z perspektywy różnych dyscyplin, jednak niewiele badań zajmuje się zagadnieniem chińskich kobiet w literaturze. Poprzez analizę wierszy zebranych przez Guido Amadeo Vitale w Chinese Folklore: Pekinese Rhymes [Chiński folklor: Pekińskie wersy], które w licznych scenach przedstawiają życie, zachowania oraz przykłady traktowania kobiet w późnym okresie Qing, w artykule ukazano, że pomimo ciągłej dominacji zasad Trzech Posłuszeństw i Czterech Cnót w życiu kobiet można zaobserwować zmiany będące pierwszymi krokami do postępu.
Od „Made in China” do „Created in China” – droga Chin do supremacji innowacyjnej
Authors: Pangsy-Kania Sylwia
Published: April 2021

From “Made in China” to “Created in China” – China’s way to innovation supremacy

China is not only a country of cheap production (“Made in China”). China is becoming more and more innovative, as evidenced by its growing position in the annual Global Innovation Index (GII) ranking. Over the past decade, China has become an emerging superpower while the economic position of the United States and the European Union has weakened. The purpose of this article is to answer the question of whether the US innovation supremacy becoming the past. The role of China is growing as a result of departing from “Made in China” and illegally obtained technological solutions in favor of innovation and technologically advanced production “Created in China.” Huawei is one of the most innovative companies in the world. The analysis is carried out in the context of the significance of the Thucydides trap in the technological war between the United States and China and the location of changes in the innovativeness of both countries in the aspect of the Kondratiev cycle. Additionally, China may come out stronger from the pandemic that has changed the whole world.
Cyfrowy Jedwabny Szlak i wzrastające znaczenie Chińskiej Republiki Ludowej w rywalizacji o technologiczne przywództwo na świecie
Authors: Tomaszewska Paula
Published: April 2021

The Digital Silk Road and the growing significance of the People’s Republic of China in the competition over technological supremacy in the world

Over the past few years, many scientists have analyzed China’s Belt and Road Initiative, but very few have studied a significant component of this initiative – the Digital Silk Road (DSR). Although the attention regarding the implementation of the Belt and Road initiative is focused mainly on the implementation of international transport infrastructure projects, such as roads, railways or ports, it seems important to pay attention to the technological component of this project. The main goal of the article is to present the most comprehensive information possible on the Digital Silk Road and to investigate Chinese activities in this area. It should be emphasized that the early stage of development, namely the planning of the Belt and Road Initiative, as well as the Digital Silk Road, raises many scientific questions, such as: what is the Digital Silk Road? What actions have been taken to implement it? What challenges and threats can it generate? Will the Digital Silk Road contribute to an even greater exposure – the technological, growing role of China in the world? Undoubtedly, the Digital Silk Road, which is a platform promoting the development of digital connections between the countries participating in the initiative, can help spread Chinese digital “inventions – products.” In addition, it may contribute to facilitating the economic and social development of the countries along the initiative, thus improving the level of economic development of the beneficiary countries and generating new international competitive advantages. The Digital Silk Road is an inherent requirement for building China’s digital power in the world, and therefore a current and very important research area. The work on this article uses desk research on the changing position of the People’s Republic of China in the competition for technological leadership in the world, as well as the consequences it entails.
Koreańska fala, czyli wpływ i rozprzestrzenianie się kultury koreańskiej w krajach europejskich i amerykańskich
Authors: Oleksiuk Marlena
Published: April 2021

The Korean wave, the influence and spread of Korean culture in European and American countries

The Korean wave, especially over the past few years, has had a significant impact on the world. More and more people have begun to be interested in the culture of South Korea to a greater or lesser extent. Some people are interested only in K-pop or Korean series, but there are many people who expand their interest in Korean culture, start learning the language, history, and customs. Of all aspects of South Korean culture, K-pop is certainly the most popular. Much more artists organize concert tours for the benefit of European countries and America, in 2019, in Poland there were 15 such concerts. More and more often, Korean food festivals, stationary stores selling Korean cosmetics and food products are organized, in some countries, there even appear themed dance schools focusing on learning specific K-pop dance arrangements. The Korean wave also affects the perception of beauty by people – in 2018, on the annual list of the most handsome men, there appeared much more Koreans than in previous years, even members of the BTS group occupy the first places on the list.
Polityka, erotyka, egzotyka. Kamienne tablice Petelskich
Authors: Kornacki Krzysztof
Published: April 2021

Politics, eroticism, exoticism. On the Stone Tablets by Petelscy

The article describes Kamienne tablice (Stone Tablets), one of the last movies directed by Ewa and Czesław Petelscy, the once-known director’s tandem. In the 1980s, after the introduction of martial law, they remained faithful to the communist authority, so they could realize high-budget films. That is why the film Kamienne tablice was taking place in India in 1956, and some of the pictures were just filmed in India. Therefore, the movie was very poor and its three threads – political, erotic, and exotic – do not make up the whole. Political thread has been considerably softened compared to the initial plans and tailored to ideological needs. Petelski also failed to create a credible melodrama (the only thing that was supposed to attract viewers was erotic scenes, but they were poorly staged), and India is shown superficially, like in travelogue, from the perspective of a stranger.
Obraz szpitala psychiatrycznego w świetle polskich dzieł literackich XX w.
Authors: Koprowski Piotr
Published: April 2021

An image of a psychiatric hospital in the light of contemporary Polish literary works

The article presents a few comments on the image of a psychiatric hospital in the light of selected contemporary Polish literary works. The presence of various types or variants of the psychiatric hospital in these texts, eloquently testifies to the power of artistic imagination. Most of the creators certainly would not like to „visit” the existing outlets of their own kind. Nevertheless, thanks to them, images of psychiatric fictions were created and created, to which the elements of historical and medico‑moral particulars permeate. It seems that these artistic creations generally confirm the stereotype of a mentally ill person functioning in the social consciousness, which should be isolated as soon as possible from the so‑called healthy environment and subjected to hospitalization in a specialist facility. In the texts cited, the thought did not appear that a psychiatrist should intervene only if he wants it or if it is a real threat to others. It is an eloquent contribution to the shape and the face of contemporary culture and mentality.
Các nhân tố ảnh hưởng đến việc áp dụng hệ thống thông tin bất động sản tại tỉnh Tiền Giang
Authors: Nhã Nguyễn Minh
Published: April 2021

Nghiên cứu này xác định sự ảnh hưởng của các nhân tố đến việc áp dụng hệ thống thông tin bất động sản tại tỉnh Tiền Giang. Đồng thời, tác giả cũng kiểm định việc áp dụng hệ thống thông tin bất động sản có thật sự mang lại lợi ích hay không? Dữ liệu nghiên cứu được thu thập từ 200 quan sát thực tế tại tỉnh Tiền Giang. Tác giả sử dụng mô hình phương trình cấu trúc (SEM) để phân tích dữ liệu thông qua việc đánh giá mô hình đo lường và mô hình cấu trúc. Kết quả nghiên cứu chỉ ra có 3 nhân tố là môi trường kinh doanh, nền tảng kỹ thuật và dịch vụ hỗ trợ có quan hệ thuận chiều đến việc áp dụng hệ thống thông tin bất động sản. Hơn nữa, kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy việc áp dụng hệ thống thông tin bất động sản có quan hệ thuận chiều với lợi ích áp dụng.
Sự khan hiếm nhà ở giá phải rẻ và bài học kinh nghiệm cho Việt Nam từ các nước phát triển trên thế giới
Authors: Long Phạm Đình , Trâm Nguyễn Huỳnh Mai
Published: April 2021

Nhà ở giá rẻ là một vấn đề mà nhiều quốc gia trên toàn thế giới đang quan tâm. Các đô thị của Việt Nam đang đối mặt với tình trạng thừa nhà ở cao cấp, thiếu nhà giá rẻ và phải tìm ra nguyên nhân để giải quyết tình trạng này. Đáp ứng nhà ở theo các phân khúc phù hợp cho người dân là một bài toán khó đối với chính phủ Việt Nam cũng như các doanh nghiệp tư nhân bất động sản. Bài viết trình bày thực trạng khan hiếm của thị trường nhà ở giá rẻ ở Việt Nam hiện nay, đồng thời đưa ra những bài học kinh nghiệm quốc tế để Việt Nam xem xét và học hỏi.
The Effectiveness of Online Learning Using Online Media During Covid-19 Pandemic at Vocational High School
Authors: Prakosa Fajar
Published: April 2021

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of online learning using online media during the Covid-19 pandemic. This research is a descriptive quantitative study that focuses on evaluating learning using online media. The study population was all students of SMK Al Huda Jakarta who were taught using online methods. The data collection instrument used an online learning questionnaire. Data analysis using descriptive statistics. The results showed that students rated learning using online media as effective (60%), most of them rated it as ineffective (23%), and rated it as normal (17%). To improve the quality of online mathematics learning during the Covid-19 pandemic, educators must fulfill the suggestions of respondents, namely: (1) learning is carried out via video calls; (2) providing brief learning materials; (3) minimize sending material in the form of heavy videos to save quota; (4) the selection of material in the video must be based on language criteria that are easy to understand; (5) continue to provide material prior to the assignment; (6) giving varied and different questions for each student; (7) assignment must include the way it works; (8) assign assignments according to the lesson schedule; (9) remind students if there is a task given; and (10) reducing tasks.
An Overview of Changes in Jamaica’s Secondary Education System (1879-2017)
Authors: Cook Loraine D.
Published: April 2021

Using a post-colonial lens, this paper describes the changes and constants in Jamaica’s educational system between the 19th and the early 21st century using academic literature and secondary data from the Ministry of Education. High schools initially emerged in Jamaica for the upper and middle classes only, based on the families’ income level, thus excluding children from the lower income bracket. Over time, breaking the glass ceiling for lower-income students became more possible as education included students moving from elementary to high school based on merit. This still restricted a large body of lower-income students who needed the tools and merit for success in the exit examination to high schools. In the 21st century there is more direct intervention in the Jamaican school system through funding and policies that change the high school education structure available to lower-income families, making it more possible for upward mobility on the social ladder. While there may be legacies of the colonial era, Jamaica has made significant strides in moving away from her turbulent past.
Becoming an Effective Leader for Life: A Book Review
Authors: Lima Willy , Bent-Cunningham Claudine , McClain, Jr John , Harris Beverley , McCarthy Philmore , A. Smith-Sherwood Heather
Published: April 2021

Successful leaders don’t rest on their laurels because leadership is not a title on a business card. Leadership is a living process and life means growth (Blanchard, 2012). The paper embodies a critical analysis of the book by Cashman (2017) which is meant to exemplify novel paradigms for Generation (z) leaders and beyond. This epic work invites leaders to become innovative and inventive in their practices and to dare to debunk the ideology of boxed leadership practiced in previous epochs. Its journey motif is reflective of the metamorphosing path that each leader must take as they seek to grow, develop and master the expectations of what it means to be an effective leader. Chapter one acts as a mirror which invites the leader to examine and acknowledge one’s own belief systems and ideologies while seeking to lead others. The thrust of chapter two challenges the leader to create stories which inspire the hearts and minds of those they lead to be spurred into action. Chapter three represents the plot in the story motif of chapter two. In chapter three, the leader must set goals, and develop a blueprint which delineates how these goals or actions will be set into motion towards a successful outcome or resolution. Chapter four illuminates the value of building and leading a team through collaboration; while chapter five propels the leader to embrace change in meeting the demands of altering world contexts. In chapter six the author implores leaders to practice a positive and healthy lifestyle which influence greater resilience and energy among those they lead. Being Mastery, in chapter seven, displays the symbiotic relationship between leadership and presence. The leader acts out the vision and mission of the organization and becomes the litmus by which the organizations’ success is gaged. Finally, in chapter eight, the author compels the cycle of growth and maturity in the leader by encouraging coaching and mentoring in order that they can become more efficient in their practice and generate efficacy in those they lead. This work is expected to guide future leaders in developing greater self- awareness in order to be equipped in rising to the challenges facing 21st century leaders in complex multicultural world.
ПРОМЕНА СТАВА СТУДЕНАТА ФИЛОЗОФИЈЕ ПОВОДОМ ДЕСЕТ ЕСТЕТИЧКИХ ТЕЗА – АНАЛИЗА ПОДАТАКА СПРОВЕДЕНОГ ИСТРАЖИВАЊА
Authors: Миленковић Душан
Published: April 2021

In this paper, I analyze the data obtained from the research conducted by the Department of Philosophy of the Faculty of Philosophy in Niš, Serbia during the academic year 2018/2019. The research collected data about the change of the attitude of students of philosophy regarding various theoretical statements, which students rated before and after attending courses in philosophy. By completing a specially prepared questionnaire before the first and after the second semester, students of the second year of philosophy evaluated, among other things, ten aesthetic statements. Analyzing the information collected, I look at how the teaching of the courses “History of Aesthetics 1” and “History of Aesthetics 2” (which these students attended during this school year) influenced the change that occurred in their attitude toward these statements. In addition to examining the results regarding the change of the attitude of students after the second semester, the paper also explores other data obtained in the research, which point to certain problems in the way a historical overview of aesthetic conceptions in these courses is approached.
Exploring the “At-Risk” Student Label Through the Perspectives of Higher Education Professionals
Authors: Dix Nick , Lail Andrew , Birnbaum Matt , Paris Joseph
Published: April 2021

Institutions of higher education often use the term “at-risk” to label undergraduate students who have a higher likelihood of not persisting. However, it is not clear how the use of this label impacts the perspectives of the higher education professionals who serve and support these students. Our qualitative study explores the descriptions and understandings of higher education professionals who serve and support at-risk students. We use thematic analysis (Braun & Clark, 2006) to interpret our data and develop our themes. These themes include conflicting views of the “at-risk” definition, attempts to normalize at-risk, fostering relationships, and “at-promise.”
Workplace Bullying in Healthcare: A Qualitative Analysis of Bystander Experiences
Authors: Thompson Neill , Carter Madeline , Crampton Paul , Burford Bryan , Illing Jan , Morrow Gill
Published: April 2021

Bystander action has been proposed as a promising intervention to tackle workplace bullying, however there is a lack of in-depth qualitative research on the direct experiences of bystanders. In this paper, we developed a more comprehensive definition of bullying bystanders, and examined first person accounts from healthcare professionals who had been bystanders to workplace bullying. These perspectives highlighted factors that influence the type and the extent of support bystanders may offer to targets. Semi-structured telephone interviews were conducted with 43 healthcare professionals who were working in the UK, of which 24 had directly witnessed bullying. The data were transcribed and analysed using Thematic Analysis. The analysis identified four themes that describe factors that influence the type and extent of support bystanders offer to targets of bullying: (a) the negative impact of witnessing bullying on bystanders, (b) perceptions of target responsibility, (c) fear of repercussions, and (d) bystander awareness. Our findings illustrate that, within the healthcare setting, bystanders face multiple barriers to offering support to targets and these factors need to be considered in the wider context of implementing bystander interventions in healthcare settings.
Trustworthiness in Sampling Selection: Remedies Against Introspective Chaos
Authors: Gabarre Cécile , Gabarre Serge
Published: April 2021

The ethical dimension pertaining to protecting participants from psychological harm due to the in-depth nature of the inquiry and to the intimacy resulting from prolonged engagement is well-documented. This is laudable, but very few studies focused on guiding the researchers against chaotic emotions arising from introspectively questioning their beliefs and motivations and inspiring their judgments underlying their decisions. In our involvement with masters’ students’ thesis writing and research management training, supervision, and examination, we became aware of recurring cases of novice researchers silently disappearing from the program, eventually reappearing, continuously struggling with their thesis. Investigating this process, we identified the difficulty of becoming trustworthy researcher-instruments as the central issue leading to students disconnecting from their research. Students would disclose their anxiety of being accused of bias when defending their purposeful sampling. Therefore, we decided to equip them pre-emptively, helping them build their researchers’ expertise and confidence. Firstly, we disclosed our vulnerability from the perspective of the researchers’ awareness. Secondly, we exposed an intricate sampling case in terms of methodical considerations. Lastly, we provided a step-by-step demonstration of the initial, purposeful, and theoretical sampling selection process, illustrating the constant comparative analysis method, peer discussions and member reflections as safeguarding procedures towards trustworthiness.
Dyspraxia in Medical Education: A Collaborative Autoethnography
Authors: Walker Eleanor , Shaw Sebastian , Anderson John
Published: April 2021

In this paper we adopt an autoethnographic approach to explore the lived experiences of a UK medical student with dyspraxia within the current culture of UK medical education. An initial review of the literature revealed that there is now growing evidence regarding the difficulties experienced by, and support needed for medical students and doctors with dyslexia. However, no research has been conducted concerning dyspraxia on its own in medical education. Here we seek to provide an in-depth account of a UK undergraduate medical student with dyspraxia. It is hoped that this will have three outcomes: to support both students and staff across multiple disciplines, who have had similar experiences; to inform educators; and to promote further interest and research into this important area.
Ethical Concerns of Paying Cash to Vulnerable Participants: The Qualitative Researchers’ Views
Authors: Surmiak Adrianna
Published: April 2021

The aim of the paper is to discuss the ethical issues related to financial payments. The article compares the concerns and experiences of researchers who did not pay the participants with the concerns and experiences of researchers who paid the participants. It draws on in-depth interviews with Polish social researchers who conducted qualitative research with vulnerable participants. The paper indicates that researchers who did not pay the participants believed that financial payment reduces the researcher’s relationship with informants to an economic transaction. For this reason, they had more ethical concerns about paying than researchers who did pay. My interviewees suggest that in some cases financial payment may cause discomfort to the researcher or informants, compromise the anonymity of participants, and cause the additional risk of harm. By analysing various concerns related to financial payment, the article may contribute to raising researchers’ awareness of possible risks related to cash payment and, as a consequence, can help them to make their own informed decisions, especially as there are few guidelines in this area.