bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Examining the Relationship Between Corporate Social Responsibility Performance and Stock Price Crash Risk
Authors: Zhang Dan , Zeng Xinran
Published: February 2025

This paper selects the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) index from Hexun.com (2010–2020) and the stock price crash index of China’s Shanghai and Shenzhen A-share listed companies from the China Stock Market & Accounting Research Database (CSMAR) for empirical analysis. By examining the impact of CSR performance on stock price crash risk, this study identifies key relationships and further investigates the moderating role of media promotion and communication as an intermediary to explore the transmission mechanisms and influence between the two. The empirical results indicate that CSR performance is significantly negatively correlated with stock price crash risk, suggesting that strong CSR performance can effectively reduce the likelihood of a stock price crash. Furthermore, additional analysis reveals that media plays a moderating role in the relationship between CSR performance and stock price crash risk. This study aims to contribute to the understanding of the formation mechanisms and analytical paradigms of factors influencing stock price crash risk while providing theoretical support and reference value for risk prevention strategies.
VERIFICATION OF THE PARSEC METHOD AND OPTIMIZATION OF NACA-4412, SG-6043 USING GENETIC ALGORITHM IN MATLAB
Authors: Alhamdawee Raheem , Hussain M. Manzoor
Published: February 2025

Historically, airfoil design optimization has been done through many different methods, or with the use of improving the aerodynamics in some ways as will be discussed below. Of all the PMS methods that are currently available in the literature, PARSEC marks itself out as the best fitting. One of the most effective methods for changing the shape of an airfoil because of high flexibility and accuracy. The current study aims to determine the utility of the PARSEC parameterization method on two airfoil models. Airfoils NACA 4412, and SG6043 within an angle attack of -10 to 15 degrees, by employing a genetic algorithm. The reliability of the PARSEC method is also assessed by reconstructing the geometries of the airfoil and then comparing the shapes with the original airfoils where these characteristics have a significant influence on the airfoil efficiency. For instance lift coefficient (CL), drag coefficient (CD), and the ratio CL/Cd at different angles of attack. The study also includes the improvement of the aerodynamic design of both airfoils through the use of a genetic algorithm which is coded and run in MATLAB, with the PARSEC parameters used as the base for optimization. It is also important for one to conduct some comparisons between the PARSEC-optimized airfoils and the standard airfoil. The performance of the PARSEC method in making the wing shape the same and similar to the original one is accurate. Aerodynamic characteristics. Significantly, the same was realized in the optimized airfoil and the original airfoil which recorded the maximum pushover speed, drag, and lift characteristics to ±0.3 at an angle of attack of 8 ° and Reynolds number of 10 e5. This paper supports the efficiency of the used PARSEC parameterization. It is found to act as an effective means of support to engineers and researchers who would like to use this method to improve airfoil’s characteristics in aviation, and aeronautical, Such as aerospace applications, and wind turbines. The findings show a positive change in the dependent measures, showing how the variables in the present study fare compared to other studies. By comparing the aerodynamic efficiency of the optimized airfoils, paying attention to the results indicates the use of a genetic algorithm should help to increase several aspects of the wing’s performance
Assessment of the feed additive consisting of choline chloride for all animal species for the renewal of its authorisation (Andrés Pintaluba S.A., Taminco B.V., Balchem Italia S.r.l.)
Authors:   EFSA Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed (FEEDAP), Villa Roberto Edoardo , Azimonti Giovanna , Bonos Eleftherios , Christensen Henrik , Durjava Mojca , Dusemund Birgit , Gehring Ronette , Glandorf Boet , Kouba Maryline , López‐Alonso Marta , Marcon Francesca , Nebbia Carlo , Pechová Alena , Prieto‐Maradona Miguel , Röhe Ilen , Theodoridou Katerina , Anguita Montserrat , Galobart Jaume , Innocenti Matteo L. , Tarrés‐Call Jordi , Firmino Joana P.
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Following a request from the European Commission, EFSA was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the assessment of the application for the renewal of the authorisation of choline chloride as a nutritional additive for all animal species. The additive is already authorised for use in all animal species (3a890). The applicant provided evidence that the additive currently in the market complies with the existing conditions of authorisation. The EFSA Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed (FEEDAP) concluded that the use of the feed additive in animal nutrition under the proposed conditions of use remains safe for the target species, the consumers and the environment. Regarding user safety, the FEEDAP Panel concluded that the active substance choline chloride should be considered as a potential skin and respiratory sensitiser; therefore, any exposure via skin or respiratory tract is considered a risk. Although aqueous solutions of up to 70% choline chloride are considered non‐irritant to eyes, no conclusion can be reached on the eye irritation potential for more concentrated forms. These conclusions would apply, in principle, to any preparations produced with the active substance. The present application for renewal of the authorisation does not include any modification proposal that would have an impact on the efficacy of the additive and therefore there is no need for re‐assessing the efficacy.
Estado de Hidalgo Etnografía y Arqueología, 1892
Authors: Escandón Luis A.
Published: February 2025

El Poder Legislativo local y la Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo (UAEH), a través del Congreso del Estado, ambas instituciones fundacionales de nuestra entidad, en cumplimiento a sus fines, ponen a disposición de la sociedad, la obra Estado de Hidalgo. Etnografía y Arqueología. 1892, de Luis A. Escandón, libro manuscrito, único, que contiene fotografías, grabados y dibujos de un trabajo incipiente y pionero de la exploración del pasado mesoamericano. La obra evidencia los importantes vestigios de las culturas que habitaron el estado de Hidalgo.Este libro fue elaborado como un producto cultural con el cual el estado de Hidalgo participó en una de las famosas exposiciones mundiales que se realizaban a finales del siglo XIX, en particular en la Exposición Colombina de Chicago de 1893. Resultado de la política institucional sobre el Patrimonio histórico-cultural archivístico, la UAEH lo hapreservado por más de un siglo y se resguarda en su Archivo General para el aprovechamiento social.El Congreso del Estado Libre y Soberano de Hidalgo, a través de la presente coedición, da cumplimiento a lo mandatado por la LXV Legislatura, en el decreto que establece la publicación anual de un Libro de interés patrimonial, con el objetivo de fomentar la producción, calidad y preservación de libros que, por sus aportaciones, resultan fundamentales publicar para el redescubrimiento de las presentes y futuras generaciones.
LA OCDE: ANALIZANDO LA DESIGUALDAD PARA PROMOVER EL CRECIMIENTO INCLUYENTE
Authors: GURRÍA Ángel
Published: February 2025

Una de las tendencias más claras de las últimas décadas, que se ha visto exacerbada a partir de la Gran Recesión, es el aumento en las desigualdades. En las últimas tres décadas, la desigualdad de los ingresos ha incrementado en la mayoría de los países de la Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económicos (OCDE), en algunos casos alcanzando niveles históricos. Los ingresos del 10% más rico de la población han registrado un aumento continuo década tras década, frente a los del 10% más pobre en los países de la OCDE.
En los años ochenta del siglo XX los ingresos del 10% más rico eran siete veces mayores que los del 10% más pobre, en los noventa pasaron a ser ocho veces mayores, durante la década de los dos mil ya eran nueve veces mayores, y hoy son casi diez veces mayores. En términos de riqueza, los niveles de concentración son aún más flagrantes: en promedio, el 10% de los hogares más ricos acumula la mitad de la riqueza total; el siguiente 50% posee casi la otra mitad, mientras que el 40% de los hogares más pobres sólo posee poco más del 3%.
En este contexto, la obra de Thomas Piketty, El capital en el siglo XXI, ha sido un importante llamado de atención para los respon- sables políticos y los medios de comunicación, sobre las implicacio- nes que estas tendencias pueden tener para el crecimiento económico y la estabilidad política a nivel mundial.
PERSPECTIVA DE GÉNER O ANTE EL CAMBIO CLIMÁTICO Y LA DOBLE VULNERABILIDAD
Authors: OSWALD SPRING Úrsula
Published: February 2025

Este artículo investiga por qué en las prácticas de reducción de riesgos ante desastres, el Gobierno mexicano no toma en cuenta la perspectiva de género. Después de examinar los conceptos de cambio climático, doble vulnerabilidad, género como construcción social y resiliencia, el texto estudia los efectos del cambio climático en México. Un estudio empírico, realizado en la cuenca del río Yautepec, en el centro de México, explora los efectos del cambio climático y la migración socio-ambiental de la población afectada. El estudio combina métodos cuantitativos y cualitativos. Las mujeres y los hombres sufren de manera diferente durante un desastre, debido a una vulnerabilidad social y ambiental distinta. La exclusión social de las mujeres y su falta de acceso al poder aumentan su vulnerabilidad y sus riesgos. Ellas fueron socializadas y asumieron como suyo “ser-para-otros”, lo que aumenta su doble vulnerabilidad durante un desastre.
Los resultados de la investigación muestran que cuando las mujeres y los hombres están debidamente capacitados, aumenta su capacidad de recuperación, incluso después de un evento extremo. En especial, las mujeres son capaces de recuperarse más rápidamente y reconstruir sus redes sociales. Si el Gobierno desarrollara políticas públicas con perspectiva de género, estas mujeres serían capaces de proteger a toda la sociedad, no sólo durante un desastre, sino también en tiempos normales.
ANÁLIS IS DE LA SATISFACCIÓN DE LA EVALUACIÓN ACADÉMICA EN LOS PROFESORES UNIVERSITARIOS DEL CAMPUS CENTRO UAT
Authors: GÓMEZ-CORDERO Xóchitl
Published: February 2025

Se llevó a cabo un estudio cuyo objetivo fue analizar la satisfacción laboral de los profesores universitarios en la Universidad Au- tónoma de Tamaulipas (UAT) campus centro. En este trabajo se reportan los resultados que corresponden a la dimensión de evaluación académica y se presentan por unidad académica o facultad.
De acuerdo con De la Orden (2012), la satisfacción del profesorado en las actividades que desarrolla es importante, porque es una de las variables del componente de resultados necesarios para medir la calidad educativa.
Para dicho análisis, se adaptó un instrumento diseñado por la Junta de Andalucía (2012). Se compone de 48 ítems que se distri- buyen en siete dimensiones: a) Actividad docente; b) Investigación; c) Gestión; d) Evaluación académica; e) Condiciones de trabajo; f) Realización personal; g) Salario. Las opciones de respuesta son tipo Likert de cuatro puntos y van desde Totalmente De Acuerdo (1) hasta Totalmente En Desacuerdo (4).
Analizando los resultados obtenidos, las dimensiones con las que se está menos de acuerdo son Evaluación académica e Investigación. La Unidad Académica Multidisciplinaria de Ciencias, Educación y Humanidades (UAMCEH) y la Unidad Académica de Trabajo Social y Ciencias para el Desarrollo Humano (UATSCDH) son las unidades que presentan una puntuación con mayor tendencia al desacuerdo al respecto.
EL PORTAFOLIO ELECTRÓNICO PARA EVALUAR COMPETENCIAS: UNA EXPERIENCIA COLABORATIVA EN EDUCACIÓN MEDIA SUPERIOR
Authors: REYES-ANAYA Celia
Published: February 2025

Se realizó una investigación cualitativa orientada a implementar y evaluar una App de portafolio electrónico como alternativa para evaluar competencias de manera dinámica, dado que el portafolio electrónico es una herramienta que promovió el aprendizaje ubicuo.
El equipo de investigación es de la Universidad Pedagógica Nacional 281 de Ciudad Victoria, Tamaulipas, México. Participaron cinco asesores, cinco estudiantes de Maestría en Educación Media Superior y 111 estudiantes de Bachillerato. En la etapa diagnóstica se aplicó una escala Likert para identificar las necesidades y aplicar estrategias de acción durante la intervención.
Los resultados evidenciaron que los docentes utilizan el portafolio de evidencias como un repositorio de las actividades, con el cual no se da retroalimentación, autoevaluación y coevaluación de aprendizajes.
PROPUESTA DE ESPECIALIDAD: PRACTICING SCHOOL MATHEMATICS
Authors: MONTALVO-CHARLES Gloria Leticia , BARROSO-HERNÁNDEZ Wilfrido , CÁRDENAS-DE-LA-FUENTE Rodrigo
Published: February 2025

Este trabajo de investigación presenta una propuesta de especialidad para impartir matemáticas en inglés denominada Practicing School Mathematics, dirigida a maestros normalistas y licenciaturas afines con conocimientos del idioma inglés. La especialidad está conformada por 16 asignaturas distribuidas en cuatro trimestres, con modalidad mixta. El trabajo se basa en la metodología de diseño curricular de la Dirección General de Educación Superior para Profesionales de la Educación (DGESPE).
LA TUTORÍA EN LA INSERCIÓN LABORAL DE LOS PROFESORES NOVELES
Authors: SALINAS-QUINTANILLA ALMA MA. DEL AMPARO , RODRÍGUEZ ROSALVA
Published: February 2025

En este trabajo se presentan resultados de una investigación, estudio de caso, sobre la tutoría implementada desde la política educativa actual, como un dispositivo para apoyar la inserción y el desarrollo profesional de los profesores noveles de la zona urbana en el noreste de Tamaulipas. Mediante entrevistas y videograbaciones se rescató el acompañamiento y apoyo del tutor hacia el profesor novel desde un enfoque sociocultural.
El estudio cualitativo permitió el análisis e interpretación del fenómeno estudiado, cuyos resultados posibilitaron la caracterización de la tutoría, en la que el diálogo estuvo mediatizado por el cuestionamiento en torno a los alcances logrados; y una tutoría informal, en la que se estableció un diálogo enriquecido por las aportaciones de los docentes noveles.
REPRESENTACIONES SOCIALES DE ESTUDIANTES SOBRE LAS ELECCIONES PRESIDENCIALES EN MÉXICO
Authors: CAVAZOS-ZARAZÚA JOSÉ LUIS
Published: February 2025

El objetivo del estudio es determinar los componentes de la representación social de estudiantes universitarios y su influencia en la intención de voto en torno al proceso electoral presidencial de 2018 en México.
La investigación se realizó con base en una muestra de 1712 participantes, quienes contestaron un cuestionario de 23 reactivos. Las teorías empleadas fueron las representaciones sociales y la cultura política, así como el concepto de intención de voto. Los datos se examinaron con el análisis factorial y el análisis de regresión múltiple. Los resultados mostraron que las elecciones son representadas como un proceso que permite la justicia social y la democracia; empero, en contradicción, las elecciones también significaron desprecio. Dichos componentes determinaron la intención de voto.
Aprendizaje basado en proyectos: reflexiones sobre una metodología para la enseñanza de las ciencias.
Authors: ELIZONDO-TURRUBIATES JESÚS JOSAFATH , CERVANTES-CASTRO ROSA DELIA , ÁVILA-RODRÍGUEZ SYLVIA MARGARITA
Published: February 2025

Las metodologías tradicionales para impartir la enseñanza en los diversos niveles educativos no han conseguido en México aprendizajes significativos en las áreas de las ciencias, aun cuando hoy su aprendizaje es una exigencia apremiante, pues supone una alfabetización pertinente para que se geste una verdadera sociedad del conocimiento.
El presente artículo comprende la revisión literaria de diversos materiales relacionados con una metodología activa para orientar el quehacer del docente al logro de resultados notables.
Formación inicial de profesores de matemáticas para nivel medio superior. Estudio de caso.
Authors: RESÉNDIZ-BALDERAS EVELIA , SOTO-JASSO EVELIN ANAHI
Published: February 2025

El objetivo general de este estudio fue analizar el enfoque formativo que llevan a cabo en la licenciatura de Ciencias de la Educación con acentuación en Enseñanza de las Matemáticas, el análisis se realizó desde la percepción de los egresados. Se realizó una investigación cualitativa a través del método de estudio de caso, basado en la teoría socioepistemológica de la Matemática Educativa. Se realizaron 10 entrevistas y se hicieron transcripciones de estas para poder analizar lo expresado por los egresados y con ello se obtuvieron las categorías y sub-categorías de análisis. Se logró describir el enfoque formativo de la acentuación, aportando en su enseñanza aspectos no solo cognitivos, sino también, didácticos, epistemológicos y socioculturales según la percepción de los egresados.
“La tierra está cubierta de zanjas”: debatiendo racismo, capitalismo racial y violencia policial en la periferia brasileña
Authors: Vasconcelos Erica Paula
Published: February 2025

La violencia policial contra cuerpos negros en territorios periféricos es el tema central de este artículo. Para comprenderlo, buscamos analizar la relación entre racismo y capitalismo racial en regiones periféricas de Brasil. El texto presenta datos estadísticos sobre homicidios en esta población recopilados en informes del Centro de Estudios de Seguridad y Ciudadanía y el Atlas de la Violencia del Instituto de Investigaciones Económicas Aplicadas, interpretándolos a la luz de discusiones sobre capitalismo racial y racismo. Entendiendo la violencia policial como un fenómeno multicausal derivado del racismo, siendo la causa macro de esta situación, resultado de la idea de raza que se ha construido desde la época colonial en Brasil. De esta manera, este artículo sirve como herramienta para combatir el genocidio de la población negra por parte de operaciones policiales, además de plantear el debate sobre una de las favelas más estigmatizadas de Salvador, Bahía, conocida como el Planeta dos macacos. Además, se pretende contribuir epistemológicamente contra el racismo institucional, destacando la necesidad de repensar las estructuras políticas de Brasil.
Necrozona. Violencia extrema y juvenicidio en el triángulo del huachicol en Guanajuato 2018-2024
Authors: Morales López Julio Ulises
Published: February 2025

Se analiza la constitución de una necrozona en el Triangulo del Huachicol en Guanajuato, México, a través de las experiencias de violencia extrema hacia los jóvenes. Se abordan los conceptos de violencia extrema, biopolítica, necropolítica y juvenicidio, así se explora cómo estas dinámicas se territorializan conformando la necrozona. La metodología utiliza el enfoque de etnografía de la violencia dada por el enfoque de antropología de la violencia. Los hallazgos revelan la interacción entre cárteles del crimen organizado, fuerzas estatales y población civil, donde la violencia se ha normalizado y el silencio se ha convertido en una característica central ante sucesos semióticos con alta crueldad y sadismo. Se concluye que en la necrozona la vida de los jóvenes es devaluada, lo que refleja una crisis más amplia de gobernabilidad y derechos humanos.
Ilegalismo de cuestión vital. cuerpos y juventudes en contextos de pobreza urbana
Authors: Bonilla Marco , Minchala Carlos
Published: February 2025

El objetivo de este artículo es describir los efectos que los ilegalismos tienen sobre la vida de los jóvenes en contextos de pobreza urbana de un barrio emplazado en el partido de San Martín, provincia de Buenos Aires. A partir de resultados de investigación en territorio proponemos la categoría de ilegalismos de cuestión vital entendiendo por ésta al conjunto de prácticas que operan exponiendo a los jóvenes estudiantes a peligros, a un detrimento paulatino de los cuerpos y a la imposición de modos de vida. La investigación se sustenta en un diseño metodológico de base múltiple que articula el trabajo con entrevistas en profundidad, trabajos escolares y observación de actividades en la escuela y el barrio.
Las Weras: biorresistencias y juvenicidio en Colombia (2021-2023)
Authors: Aguilar-Forero Nicolás , Cárdenas Ramírez Wilmar Jeovany
Published: February 2025

El presente artículo expone los resultados de una investigación que analizó las formas de biorresistencia de las Weras, un colectivo ecofeminista que surge en 2021 en Pereira, Colombia. Además de la participación social directa durante el estallido social de 2021 en este país, se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas a dos de las fundadoras de este colectivo y un análisis de contenido de su red social Instagram. Se concluye que las biorresistencias de las Weras confrontan el juvenicidio en Colombia y construyen alternativas de vida basadas en lógicas de comunicación, cooperación, confianza y construcción de lo común. Se hace un aporte original a los estudios de juventud desde una experiencia que a la fecha no ha sido analizada.
Juvenicidio: “la expropiación de la esperanza”. Entrevista a José Manuel Valenzuela Arce
Authors: Ríos Gordillo Carlos Alberto , Guzmán Ramírez Gezabel , Vences Estudillo Alaide
Published: February 2025

Entrevista a José Manuel Valenzuela Arce sobre Juvenicidio
Gallstone Ileus: A Rare Case of Intestinal Obstruction, Presented in a Chronic Kidney Disease Patient on Haemodialysis
Authors: Pulak Azad , Yasir Sultan Rizvi , Lakshmi Kant Jha , Pranav Tyagi , Sachin Jain , Twinkle Malik
Published: February 2025

The prevalence of gallbladder stones is higher in Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) patients and it has been shown to increase with the advancement of the disease stage, from 7.7% in stage 1% to 21.3% in stage 5. Gallstone ileus is a rare complication which presents in just 0.3% - 0.5% of patients with cholelithiasis. A 61-year-old female patient, with a known case of CKD on maintenance hemodialysis, (thrice a week) with primary disease of hypertensive and diabetic nephropathy; presented with multiple episodes of loose stool, vomiting, and diffuse abdominal pain for 2 days. Abdomen Ultrasonography (USG) was suggestive of intestinal obstruction. CT abdomen with oral contrast revealed grossly dilated jejuna loops with air-fluid levels and transition zone in the pelvis, in distal jejunal loops/proximal ileum with ovoid intraluminal filling defect cystic polyp and collapsed bowel loops. The patient underwent exploratory laparotomy in view of persistent small bowel obstruction. Resection and anastomosis of the mass-bearing small bowel segment were performed. On cutting and opening the specimen, a large stone was revealed. This gallstone was causing bowel obstruction-gall stone ileus. A gallstone 2.6 cm x 2.1 cm has traversed through a cholecysto-duodenal fistula and got stuck in the proximal ileum, causing small bowel obstruction. The lesson learned is uraemia can cause gastrointestinal symptoms like anorexia, abdominal pain, vomiting, and ileus and hence mimic serious differentials of the acute abdomen like gallstone ileus. Thus no stone should be left unturned especially when the prevalance of gallstones is high in chronic kidney disease patients.
AI and ML-Powered CAPTCHA and advanced graphical passwords: Integrating the DROP methodology, AES encryption and neural network-based authentication for enhanced security
Authors: Guman Singh Chauhan  , Rahul Jadon
Published: February 2025

Background Information: Advanced automated attacks and unauthorized access are frequently not prevented by traditional CAPTCHA and password procedures. Combining encryption, graphical passwords, AI, and ML provides a strong solution to today's cybersecurity issues, improving security and usability.
Objective: To create a thorough multi-layered authentication system that efficiently combats advanced cyberthreats by integrating AI-powered CAPTCHA, graphical passwords using the DROP approach, AES encryption, and neural network-based authentication.
Methods: The solution incorporates neural networks for behavioral analysis and real-time threat detection, graphical passwords based on DROP for dynamic engagement, AES encryption for safe data transport, and AI-driven CAPTCHA for human verification.
Results: The suggested approach outperforms conventional techniques in terms of speed, accuracy, and resistance to automated and brute-force attacks, achieving 96.8% accuracy, a false positive rate of 0.01%, and a security level of 9.5.
Conclusion The multi-layered strategy greatly improves authentication security, effectively thwarting sophisticated cyberthreats while maintaining a flawless user experience, which qualifies it for high-security settings.
Advancements in lightweight materials for automobile design: impact on fuel efficiency and safety
Authors: SRINIVASA K
Published: February 2025

The automobile industry has undergone a significant transformation over the past few decades, driven by the need to improve fuel efficiency, reduce carbon emissions, and enhance vehicle performance. One of the most promising strategies to achieve these goals is the integration of lightweight materials into automobile design. Lightweight materials, such as aluminum alloys, carbon fiber composites (CFRP), and magnesium, are increasingly being adopted by manufacturers due to their ability to reduce the overall weight of vehicles without compromising their structural integrity or safety. This paper provides an in-depth exploration of the advancements in lightweight materials, evaluating their direct impact on fuel efficiency, vehicle handling, and safety standards. Aluminum alloys, widely used in body panels and engine components, offer a significant weight reduction compared to traditional steel while maintaining high strength and durability. Similarly, carbon fiber composites, known for their exceptional strength-to-weight ratio, have been increasingly integrated into high-performance vehicles. Magnesium, the lightest structural metal, is also emerging as a key player in reducing weight, particularly in engine and wheel components. The benefits of these materials are clear: lighter vehicles require less energy to accelerate, which directly leads to improvements in fuel efficiency. For electric vehicles, this reduction in weight translates into extended driving range. However, the adoption of these materials presents several challenges, including higher production costs, the complexity of manufacturing processes, and the recyclability of advanced composites. Moreover, the integration of lightweight materials must be carefully balanced with vehicle safety considerations, particularly in terms of crashworthiness and pedestrian protection. This paper also delves into real-world applications of these materials in both mainstream and luxury vehicle designs, highlighting successful case studies and identifying trends in material innovations. In addition, the paper discusses the ongoing research efforts aimed at overcoming the barriers to widespread adoption, such as cost reduction techniques and advances in manufacturing technologies. Finally, the future of lightweight materials in automobile design is examined, with a focus on emerging materials, hybrid solutions, and sustainable manufacturing practices that are poised to shape the industry in the coming years. By evaluating the current advancements, challenges, and future prospects, this paper provides a comprehensive understanding of the role of lightweight materials in the future of automobile engineering, offering insights into how they contribute to the broader goals of environmental sustainability, energy efficiency, and vehicle safety.
Factors affecting medical students' satisfaction with study specialization: A structural equation modelling study at the university of Benghazi
Authors: Mohammad M. Sulayman  , Tarek A. Elghazali
Published: February 2025

This study used structural equation modelling (SEM) with 280 pre-medical students to analyses the relationship affecting student satisfaction with their specialisation. Explanatory variables included satisfaction with the curriculum. related to specialized fields of study, Future professional ambitions, and psychological satisfaction The results revealed a statistically significant direct effect of psychological satisfaction on each other; furthermore, there was a notable relationship between satisfaction and academic expertise. Satisfaction with the course and future ambitions.
Mapping inequality: A Marxist analysis of Kamila Shamsie’s Kartography
Authors: Huzaifa Ali
Published: February 2025

This study aims to analyze Kamla Shamsie’s novel Kartography through a Marxist lens by unraveling the socioeconomic structures, the class dynamics, and the various cultural contexts that shape the story. The setting of the novel is Karachi which becomes a microcosm exploring broader Marxist elements of power, inequality, and the impact of globalization. The article will focus on the characters of Karim and Raheen who are the representatives of the privileged class of Karachi. Their life helps to reveal economic structures that help to extend their privileged lifestyle. It probes into the struggles of the proletariat shown in the novel, providing a deeper understanding of the various class conflicts deeply rooted in Karachi’s social structure. Moreover, the study will explore the impact of globalization on the city, using Marxist elements of Imperialism and the concept of economic hegemony. It delves into the influence of external forces deeply rooted in the landscape of Karachi and its dire ramifications on the lives of individuals, focusing on the disparate power dynamics intrinsic to the world capital system. Lastly, through a Marxist perspective, this article will illuminate how ‘Kartography’ presents itself as a literary piece of work, focusing on socioeconomic inequality, class struggles, and the cultural evolution present in the context of Karachi, provides a complex understanding of the social entanglements shown in Shamsie’s narrative.
Penggunaan Komposit Karbon Aktif Termodifikasi Kitosan/Alginat Beads sebagai Adsorben Rhodamin B
Authors: Anne Chintya , Setyaningtyas Tien , Riyani Kapti
Published: February 2025

Karbon aktif merupakan salah satu adsorben yang memiliki permukaan besar, porositas tinggi, dan berbagai gugus fungsi pada permukaannya. Namun, karbon aktif hasil sintesis umumnya berbentuk serbuk yang sulit dipisahkan dari air, sehingga memiliki efektivitas penggunaan kembali rendah. Oleh sebab itu, perlu adanya modifikasi untuk meningkatkan efektivitas adsorpsinya dan juga dapat meningkatkan kapasitas adsorpsinya. Salah satunya menggunakan kitosan dan karbon aktif menjadi berbentuk beads, sebagaimana ditunjukkan dalam penelitian terdahulu yang melaporkan kapasitas adsorpsi tinggi terhadap zat warna metilen biru (MB). Modifikasi ini relevan untuk menangani permasalahan limbah cair industri yang mengandung zat warna berbahaya, seperti rhodamin B, yang memiliki stabilitas tinggi dan sulit terurai secara hayati. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis proses adsorpsi rhodamin B menggunakan komposit beadsKAKatea yang berfokus pada kondisi optimum, model isoterm, dan efektivitas penggunaan kembalinya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi optimum adsorpsi pada waktu kontak 210 menit dan pH rhodamin B sebesar 3. Proses adsorpsi ini mengikuti model isoterm Freundlich dengan efektivitas penggunaan berulang mencapai 82% selama lima siklus.
Peran Internet of Things (IoT) dalam Mengoptimalkan Rantai Pasok E-commerce: Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Putri Anggun Cynthia , Nasihin Muhamad
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis peran Internet of Things (IoT) dalam mengoptimalkan rantai pasok di sektor e-commerce melalui pendekatan Systematic Literature Review. Dengan mengevaluasi literatur dari tahun 2020 hingga 2024, studi ini menunjukkan bahwa IoT dapat meningkatkan efisiensi operasional, transparansi, dan otomatisasi dalam manajemen rantai pasok. Temuan utama mengungkapkan bahwa teknologi IoT mampu mengurangi ketergantungan pada proses manual yang tidak efisien, memungkinkan perusahaan untuk memantau kondisi barang dan status logistik secara real-time. Hal ini berkontribusi pada pengambilan keputusan yang lebih cepat dan peningkatan kepuasan pelanggan. Namun, penelitian juga menemukan tantangan dalam penerapan IoT, seperti kompleksitas integrasi sistem, kebutuhan investasi awal yang tinggi, serta isu keamanan dan privasi data. Oleh karena itu, perusahaan perlu merencanakan strategi yang matang untuk mengatasi hambatan ini. Penelitian ini menekankan pentingnya kolaborasi antara pemangku kepentingan untuk menciptakan ekosistem yang mendukung adopsi IoT. Secara keseluruhan, penelitian ini memberikan wawasan berharga tentang potensi dan tantangan penerapan IoT, serta merekomendasikan penelitian lebih lanjut untuk memastikan daya saing di era digital.
Population dynamics of whiskered velvet Shrimp (Metapenaeopsis barbata) in Samboja Waters, Kuala Kutai Kartanegara Regency
Authors: Rivaldy Tuppang Alvian , Ramang Muhammad Syahrir , Abdunnur Abdunnur
Published: February 2025

Samboja Kuala has a very wide sea and has a very abundant ecosystem and natural resources. The most dominant community work in Samboja Kuala is fishermen, the fishermen's catches include fish, shrimp, seaweed, and others. Brown Spot Shrimp (Metapenaeopsis barbata) is one of the catches in Samboja Kuala waters. Brown spot shrimp catches operate during the day as well as at night. This study was conducted in November-December 2022. Sampling using trawl fishing gear. The purpose of this study was to calculate sex ratio, age estimation, age group, mortality, and growth pattern. The sex ratio has 200 males and 300 shrimp females have a ratio of 0.66: 1.50. Age estimation of males and females, with growth rate (K) of male brown spot shrimp of 1,400 and females of 1.1 00, while asymbiotic length value (L∞) in males of 95.90 and females of 94.44. The age group of males ranges from 48.2 7 mm – 87.32 mm , females range from 47.2 2 mm – 84.45 mm,. The total coefficient mortality (Z) of males and females was 3.25 per year and 2.79 per year. The natural mortality coefficient (M) of males and females was 1.63370 per year and 1.40121 per year. The mortality coefficient due to capture of (F) males and females was 1.62 per year and 1.39 per year. The male and female utilization rates are 0.50 and 0.50. On the growth pattern has the results of the analysis of males, a new addition occurred in June amounting to 28.6.5,%. in females a new addition occurred in July of 15.05,%.
Study of local and andon fishermen's attitudes towards the minister of marine affairs and fisheries regulation No. 36 of 2014 in Balikpapan City, East Kalimantan
Authors: Fadhil Zaky Abdul , Erwiantono Erwiantono , Darmansyah Oon
Published: February 2025

The purpose of this research is to study the attitude of local and Andon fishermen towards the Regulation of the Minister of Marine Affairs and Fisheries No. 36 of 2014 in Balikpapan City, East Kalimantan. The sample method used is purposive sampling method with the number of respondents taken as many as 30 people consisting of (25 people for local fishermen of Balikpapan City with profession as boat captain and crew, and 5 people for andon fishermen with profession as boat captain and crew).
Provision of Fitoimun® in Feed for the Growth and Survival of White Snapper (Lates calcarifer) Raised in Silvofishery Ponds in Muara Badak Ulu Village, Muara Badak District, Kutai Kartanegara Regency
Authors: Amalia Rizqi , Hardi Esti Handayani , Pagoray Henny
Published: February 2025

This study aims to analyze the effect of adding Fitoimun® as a natural medicine on barramundi/white snapper (Lates calcarifer). Maintenance is carried out for 30 days, white snapper fry measuring 72-103 g with floating net cage containers measuring 4x4 m2 with a stocking density of 14 heads / repeats. The method used in this study was using Complete Randomized Design (RAL) with 3 treatments 3 replications with doses P0: 0 mL/kg feed, P1: 20 mL/kg feed, P2: 24 mL/kg feed. Parameters observed include survival, absolute weight growth, specific growth rate, and feed conversion ratio. The results obtained from the study showed that the administration of Fitoimun® had no real effect, although the application of Fitoimun® dose of 20 mL/kg feed had a survival rate of 100%, absolute weight growth of 78.7g, a specific growth rate of 2.1%, and the best feed conversion ratio of 1.63 than other doses.
The relationship between the characteristics of seagrass beds as a macro-rubbish trap in Balikpapan Bay, East Kalimantan
Authors: Rasman Rasman , Sari Lily Inderia , Irawan Aditya
Published: February 2025

Balikpapan Bay is a waters that become sea transportation used by the community and also companies. Community and company activities that use sea transportation cause a lot of garbage in the waters of Balikpapan Bay Seagrass beds are stretches of seagrass vegetation that cover a coastal area or shallow sea. seagrass Balikpapan Bay, East Kalimantan. Data collection using to quadrant transect sampling. Analysis of the data used to determine the relationship between macro-rubbish and seagrass types of rubbish, rubbish volume and seagrass stands. Sampling was carried out using a 50 x 50 cm transect at 4 stations with 3 repetitions. The results of the study found 2 types of seagrass, namely E. acoroides and T. hemprichii. Then 2  types of waste were found, namely organic and inorganic waste Based on the results of the correlation test between macro-rubbish volume and trash seagrass stands, it stated that there was no positive correlation in seagrass beds in the waters of Balikpapan Bay, East Kalimantan.
The Heroic Narrative Perverted?
Authors: Korać Srđan , Jovanović Vladan
Published: February 2025

The main research question addressed in this article is how the leaders of Serbia’s post-communist criminal milieu attempted to reinterpret the heroic narrative in the 1990s and legitimise morally transgressive patterns of behaviour. The authors’ initial assumption is that the two leading paramilitary leaders of the time, Željko Ražnatović Arkan and Đorđe Božović Giška, are examples of the dubious practice of legitimising criminal acts, business, and political activity, which ought to connect them to indisputable traditional stories of national heroism. The article attempts to add to the interdisciplinary study of the criminal subculture’s legitimisation in Serbia by shedding light not only on sociological and political factors but also on anthropological, and historical elements that have often been disregarded in previous research. Based on oral, written, and visual testimonies, the authors test their initial assumption about the absorbing character of the heroic narrative as a vital component in (post-)conflict society.
Everyday Life Theology and Pastoral Care. Contributions and Insights from Michel de Certeau
Authors: De Mori Geraldo Luiz
Published: February 2025

Michel de Certeau’s first visit to Latin America was in 1966 to attend the meeting of the Latin America Religious Conference (CLAR), which took place in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. From then on, he multiplied his interactions with a variety of researchers in the continent, due to his own area of interest: everyday life (le quotidien). One of his contacts in Brazil started in 1974, when he attended the meetings of the Popular Religiosity Group in the Northeastern States of Pernambuco and Paraíba. The paper shows that Certeau exerted a decisive influence on and the way of thinking about popular religiosity, but not as someone who came from the outside to bring light into darkness. On the contrary, the French Jesuit encountered a rich soil already in place where his theories could flourish. One example of such a mutual partnership is the Centro de Estudos e Ação Social (CEAS), an institution dedicated to research, publication and consultancy to social movements in the city of Salvador, Bahia.
L’événement du quotidien
Authors: Baudin Claire-Anne
Published: February 2025

When resistance to subjugation is not resolved by uprising, it is nonetheless exercised by a thousand discreet procedures that make for the joy of everyday life – the “invention of the everyday”. The theological fruitfulness of this immense Certalian conception concerns the reception of the continuous work of the creative Spirit, which is realized in all truly living persons and communities. It unfolds outside the representational frameworks of a pre-existing identity. The presence of the Kingdom can be sought in everything in the history of people who truly seek justice and peace. It’s a poetic relationship with time, energy and native life, built into everyday events.
Penerapan Perhitungan Pajak Penghasilan Untuk Youtuber Orang Pribadi Di Indonesia Dengan Menggunakan Norma Penghitungan Penghasilan Netto
Authors: Qonitah Iffah
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi penerapan Norma Penghitungan Penghasilan Netto dalam menghitung pajak penghasilan Youtuber Indonesia sesuai dengan ketentuan perpajakan yang berlaku. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif untuk menggali penerapan pajak penghasilan Youtuber di Indonesia melalui Norma Penghitungan Penghasilan Neto. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif untuk menggambarkan penerapan Norma Penghitungan Penghasilan Netto dalam perhitungan pajak Youtuber di Indonesia. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi pada situs Socialblade.com, wawancara, serta studi literatur terkait peraturan perpajakan, kemudian dianalisis secara sistematis untuk memahami proses perpajakan bagi Youtuber. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa perhitungan pajak penghasilan untuk YouTuber Indonesia menggunakan Norma Penghitungan Penghasilan Neto sebesar 50% dari penghasilan bruto, yang berbeda dari PPh Pasal 21 untuk karyawan tetap. Aturan ini, berdasarkan Per-17/PJ/2015, memberikan kelonggaran bagi YouTuber dengan mengurangi beban pajak melalui persentase standar, sehingga lebih sederhana dibandingkan perhitungan pajak karyawan. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa YouTuber dengan pendapatan tinggi tetap dikenakan pajak yang signifikan namun lebih ringan dibandingkan metode pajak untuk profesi dengan penghasilan tetap.
Regulating Opt-Out: An Economic Theory of Altering Rules
Authors: Ayres Ian
Published: February 2025

Whenever a rule is contractible, the law must establish separate rules governing how private parties can contract around the default legal treatment. To date, contract theorists have not developed satisfying theories for how to set “altering rules,” the rules that establish the necessary and sufficient conditions for displacing a default. This Article argues that when setting altering rules, efficiency-minded lawmakers should consider the costs of altering, the costs of various kinds of error, and the possibility that altering can impose negative externalities on others. There are two broad reasons for structuring altering rules that deviate from merely minimizing the transaction cost of altering. First, the Article develops conditions in which minimizing the costs of party error (especially nondrafter error) and third-party error (especially judicial error) will be paramount. It proposes a variety of altering interventions—including “train-and-test” altering rules, “clarity-requiring” altering rules, “password” altering rules, and “thought-requiring” altering rules—that might be deployed to reduce altering error. Second, when externality concerns or paternalistic concerns to protect the contractors themselves are insufficient to justify a full-blown mandatory rule, lawmakers might at times usefully impose “impeding” altering rules, which deter subsets of contractors from contracting for legally disfavored provisions. Impeding altering rules produce an intermediate category of “quasimandatory” or “sticky default” rules, which manage but do not eliminate externalities and paternalism concerns. These two deviations from transaction-cost minimization can often be usefully complemented by a third category of altering rules—what this Article calls “altering penalties”—which penalize one or both contractors who utilize disfavored altering methods. Altering penalties can channel contractors’ altering efforts toward means that better reduce error or better control externalities or paternalism. More explicitly theorizing altering rules as a distinct category of law can make visible legal issues that have largely gone unnoticed and lead toward the development of more defensible choices about how best to regulate opt-out.
Using Commitment Contracts to Further Ex Ante Freedoms: The Twin Problems of Substitution and Ego Depletion
Authors: Ayres Ian
Published: February 2025

For an economist to think about the project of furthering individual freedom, it is natural to think about the unavoidable tension between ex ante freedoms. When should individuals have the right to restrict their future rights? I frequently ask my contracts students whether the spousal notification ruling in Planned Parenthood v. Casey should just be a default rule. By this, I mean whether a married woman has the option to contract for a duty to notify her spouse that she is pregnant and plans to have an abortion (or in the alternative certify under oath that she believes such disclosure will cause her spouse or someone else to inflict bodily injury on her). Does the Constitution prohibit enforcement of such a contract, even if a breach carries with it minimal liquidated damages? Many of my students argue that enforcement of such a contract would unfairly burden women's procreative freedom. And from an ex post perspective, the contract-like all contracts-restricts or burdens choice. But from an ex ante perspective, giving women the option to enter into these contracts expands their freedom. By giving women a way to more credibly commit to notification, you enhance their ability to bargain for the marriage structure that best suits their relationship with their potential spouses. As a pedagogical provocateur, I often chide the students who stubbornly cling to the ex post perspective. Why aren't they "pro-choice" when it comes to contracting? Or more simply, why do they hate freedom? There are many problems with taking a naive embrace of simply maximizing ex ante freedom. In this essay, I focus on just two related problems with a full-throated embrace of the ex ante perspective-the twin problems of substitution and ego depletion. I am not a neutral commentator on these issues. I am a cofounder of a for-profit commitment service, www.stickK.com, where individuals enter into binding contracts putting money at risk if they fail to meet their goals-in fact, it might be possible for spouses to implement a Casey-like commitment using the stickK platform. So even though this Essay is centrally about the limits of the ex ante perspective, reasonable readers should worry that I still have my thumb on the scale in favor of making enforceable commitments.
Fractal Geometry and Quantum Gravity: A New Understanding of Cosmic Structures
Authors: zhou changzheng , zhou ZIQING
Published: February 2025

This paper proposes a new framework for understanding the structure of theuniverse, based on the intersection of fractal geometry and quantum gravity. Byintroducing the fractal Stokes’ theorem, the rigorous mathematical construction offractal manifolds and chain complexes, a modified holographic duality formula, andthe fractal extension of the dimensional flow equation, we revisit the micro- andmacro-structures of the universe. This study not only provides mathematical rigorbut also offers several experimentally verifiable predictions, opening new directionsfor future cosmological research