bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COVID-19 Return to Sport: Fall Sports Collegiate Athletics Injury Prevalence Analysis
Authors: Puga Troy B , Schafer Joshua , Thiel Grace , Ruan Tiffany , Patel Tejas , Toledo Andres , Ramaker Laura , Chaparro Elisa , Treffer Kevin
Published: July 2023

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic rapidly affected the world and way of life due to the initiation of public health regulations and precautionary measures. Many athletes, at various levels of play, experienced disruptions in their competitive seasons and training opportunities to reduce the spread of COVID-19. At the professional level, an increase in the prevalence of sports-related injuries following the COVID-19 pandemic was depicted in a previous study. Research has yet to examine the effects of COVID-19 on injury epidemiology at the collegiate level. Sports-related injuries can be detrimental to the careers of student-athletes who have a short window of opportunity. The objective of this research is to examine the effects of COVID-19 on injury epidemiology in collegiate fall sports. Methods: A Midwest small-college collegiate athletic conference involving the states of Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska, and Oklahoma, was selected for the study. De-identified injury data for the 2018-2019, 2019-2020, and 2020-2021 fall sports seasons was obtained from the collegiate sports medicine staff. All schools and sports were originally included; however, exclusions were taken due to data disruptions or no response. The injury data was tallied for each season, sport, and anatomical region. An unpaired t-test was used to compare the conference mean number of injuries per season for each sport. An unpaired t-test was also used to compare the conference mean number of injuries per anatomical region. Results: There was no statistically significant difference (P>.05) in injuries per season in this college fall sport (Football, Women’s Volleyball, Men’s Soccer, Women’s Soccer) population. There was also no statistically significant difference (P>.05) in injuries to anatomical region for any fall sport. Conclusions: There may be several factors attributing to the results of this study. We conclude that these might include increased time between competition, decreased travel, practice regulations, and decreased injury reporting due to fear of going to medical facilities and acquiring COVID-19 infection. Injury epidemiology and data is limited for small college fall sports and women’s sports. This study provides the first insight into small college fall sports and women’s sports injury epidemiology after COVID-19.
Bangladesh: A Massive Fanbase of the Argentina Football Team
Authors: Islam Muhammad Shahidul , Hossaini Muhammad Tanhab
Published: July 2023

Dear Editor, Football is known to be a game that transcends borders and brings people from different backgrounds and cultures together. Millions of people are currently actively following the football game [1]. In Bangladesh, football is one of the most popular sports, and fans of the game are known to be very passionate. However, what is interesting about Bangladesh’s football fanbase is the overwhelming support for the Argentina National Football Team. Despite being thousands of miles apart, Bangladeshis have developed a deep-rooted love for Argentina’s national football team. The present study will explore why Bangladesh has a massive Argentina fanbase in football.
Design, Fabrication and Performance Evaluation of Mixed-Mode Solar Tunnel Dryer for Buffalo Meat by Forced Convection
Authors: Paudel Siddhartha , Dhungana Bibek
Published: July 2023

In the context of Nepal, the consumption, as well as preservation of meat products, has been in practice for ages. The primitive approach - open sun drying technique- a technique for preserving meat for longer, can contaminate the meat. In addition, the meat in direct contact with UV rays also degrades the quality of meat which may not be suitable for consumption. Exposing the meat to the open air causes the evaporation of its moisture, leading to a decline in flavour and an extended duration for the dehydration of the meat product. The alternative technique - mixed mode solar tunnel dryer - is a revolutionary method to undertake the challenges, which uses both solar heated air and direct solar energy. This paper majorly includes the design, fabrication and performance evaluation of a solar mixed-mode tunnel dryer by forced convection for buffalo meat. The purposed system was designed for drying 4 kg of meat for humid sub-tropical climatic conditions with an estimated design drying time of 7 hrs 44 mins. The designed system includes a collector of area 2 m2, a drying chamber, and a DC fan. The recorded parameters were incident solar irradiance, air temperature, relative humidity of the air, and moisture content of meat at equal intervals. Reducing the moisture content in buffalo meat to 26.78% by weight in the month of November, took a total of 14 hrs with maximum collector efficiency of 29.79%.
Comparative study of Automated Auditory Brainstem Response (AABR) and Brainstem Evoked Response Audiometry (BERA) for Hearing Loss Detection in High Risk Infants delivered in Dhulikhel Hospital
Authors: Karmacharya Sameer , Shrestha Bikash Lal , K.C. Abha Kiran , Pradhan Aakash , Shrestha Ayushi , Ghimire Saroj Babu
Published: July 2023

Background & Objective: Brainstem evoked response audiometry (BERA) is most specific and sensitive test for brain stem dysfunction. It is most important objective method for evaluating peripheral auditory system in neonates, infants, sedated and comatose patients and other person who doesn’t understand the language. Objective of the study was to evaluate correlation BERA with other audiological tests in different types of hearing loss.
Material and Methods: This was a hospital based retrospective observational analytic study that used a cross-sectional approach. The sampling used was consecutive sampling until the minimum size fulfilled from 1st September 2021 to 30th September 2022. All high-risk infants aged 0–3 months who suffer from asphyxia, sepsis, LBW, premature, and hyperbilirubinemia, the baby was stable and transportable, the patient’s parents were willing to participate were taken.
Results: Out of 46 high risk infants of 0 - 3 months, male:female ratio of 1.7:1 with mean age of 31 days, the most common high risk factor was low birth weight and hyperbilirubinemia i.e 23(50%). 64% of infants were pass in AABR 2nd test in comparison to 71% pass in BERA test.
Conclusion: There was no difference between AABR and BERA results for HL detection in high-risk infants at NICU.
Endoscopic Findings of Dyspeptic Patients and H. pylori infection in patients at a Tertiary care Teaching Hospital, Nepal
Authors: Subedi Dharma Datta , Shrestha Muza
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Dyspepsia is a common condition presenting with epigastric pain that lasts at least a month and may develop peptic ulcers. Helicobacter pylori infection and lifestyle are the risk factors for peptic ulcers. So, the objective of this study was to identify the magnitude and status of Helicobacter pylori in dyspeptic patients.
Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study included data from the endoscopy unit records among patients who had endoscopy for dyspepsia and biopsy taken from an antrum for the helicobacter pylori status, during June 1, 2020 and November 30, 2022 at Manmohan Memorial Medical College Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal. Age, sex and status of histopathology findings were analyzed for association using Chi-square test and a p<0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: Among 439 dyspeptic patients, 297 (67.7 %) had positive finding of PUD. In all investigated patients, H. pylori positive was 297(67.7%) and negative in 142(32.3 %). The mean age was 45.42 y (17 - 82), 267 (60.8%) males and 172 (39.2%) females, 33(7.5 %) had a gastric ulcer and 55(12.5%) had duodenal ulcer. Duodenal ulcers were seen in younger age (17-39 y) and gastric ulcer in older age (> 60 y) with p-value <0.0001. Gastric malignancies were found in 6 (1.4%).
Conclusion: The occurrence of H. pylori with dyspeptic patients was high. Peptic ulcers were more common in young age and males than in females.  Duodenal ulcers were more common than gastric for both sexes.
Evaluation of Paramedical Student’s Knowledge on COVID-19: A Comparative Study
Authors: Yadav Khushbu , Prakash Satyam , Yadav Basant Kumar , Pokhrel Bishal
Published: July 2023

Background & Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic has presented the world community with its greatest challenges so far. Paramedics play a crucial role in providing pre-hospital care to patients who require urgent medical attention in clinical settings. Therefore, the aim of the study was to evaluate the knowledge on COVID-19 among health assistant (HA) students studying in different paramedical colleges in Janakpurdham.
Material and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was performed utilizing a structured questionnaire to acquire responses from HA Students studying in different colleges of Janakpurdham in the months of April and May 2022. Descriptive analysis was applied to calculate the frequencies and proportions. A p-value less than 0.05 were considered as significant.
Results: Out of total 360 students, 280 were enrolled. The majority of students were under 20 years old. All of the students were aware of the COVID-19 infection at National Human Resource Development Academy (NHRDA) and Mithila Technical Academy (MTA) colleges, with the exception of 3.61% Care Medical Center (CMC) students. A large percentage of students (52.80% boys , 47.19% girls)  responded that the respiratory tract is the primary route by which COVID-19 infections are spread, followed by the students from NHRDA and CMC. Most of the students from all colleges received satisfactory scores on the COVID-19 knowledge test. There was negative association of score of knowledge between 1st, 2nd and 3rd year students of CMC and MTA (p=0.96 and p=0.11) respectively. However, there was positive association of score of knowledge between 1st, 2nd and 3rd year NHRDA students (p=0.01).
Conclusion: The majority of college students studying at different colleges had satisfactory knowledge, while a moderate number of students had poor and just a few had good knowledge scores on the COVID-19. In order to increase knowledge, various kinds of strategies, regulations, and initiatives should be accomplished and implemented effectively throughout the lower to higher level education.
Perception and Practice of Online Learning among Nursing Students in Dhanusha, Nepal
Authors: Thapa Safee , Rijal Mala , Chaudhary Tanuja Kumari
Published: July 2023

Background & Objective: With the increasing use of technology in education, online learning has become a common teaching methods. The objective of the study was to find out perception and practice of online learning among nursing students Dhanusha, Nepal.
Material and Methods: The descriptive cross-sectional research design was used to find out perception and practice of online learning among nursing students in Dhanusha, Nepal. Students studying in academic program of Proficiency Certificate Level, Generic Bachelor Science Nursing, and Bachelor in Nursing Science were identified from seven conveniently selected nursing colleges out of the nine nursing college in the study area. Simple Random sampling technique (Lottery Method) was used to selected students from selected nursing colleges. A total 392 nursing students participated in this study, and all students filled out the questionnaire completely. Data entry and analysis were done in Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 17. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistical methods like frequency, percentage, mean, and inferential statistics chi -square test was applied to measure associations between level of perception and practice with selected variables.
Results: The descriptive cross-sectional research design was used to find out perception and practice of online learning among nursing students in Dhanusha, Nepal. Students studying in academic program of Proficiency Certificate Level, Generic Bachelor Science Nursing, and Bachelor in Nursing Science were identified from seven conveniently selected nursing colleges out of the nine nursing college in the study area. Simple Random sampling technique (Lottery Method) was used to selected students from selected nursing colleges. A total 392 nursing students participated in this study, and all students filled out the questionnaire completely. Data entry and analysis were done in Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 17. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistical methods like frequency, percentage, mean, and inferential statistics chi -square test was applied to measure associations between level of perception and practice with selected variables.
Conclusion: The findings showed that 52.55% had favorable perceptions towards online learning, which was comparatively higher than unfavorable perceptions, which were 47.35%. Among the 392 respondents, 16 (4.08%) had not attended an online class. Among 377 respondents who had taken online classes, 248 (63.27%) had good practice while the practice of 128 (32.6%) was found to be poor. There was a statistically significant association between perception and practice. Similarly, there was an association between perception and the academic year of a nursing student, as well as between perception and monthly family income.
Risk Factors associated with Intrauterine Fetal Death at Birat Medical College Teaching Hospital
Authors: Mahato Raj Deb , Singh Ajit , Shrestha Binish Man , Joshi Manisha , Singh Sujeet , Singh Ajit , Pradhan Tarun
Published: July 2023

Background & Objective: Intrauterine fetal death is a tragic event, and despite efforts to reduce its incidence, it remains challenging to do so. Intrauterine fetal death is an important indicator of the maternal and perinatal health of a given population. This study aims to identify the maternal and fetal factors associated with intrauterine fetal death.
Material and Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in Obstetrics ward of Birat Medical College Teaching Hospital from 1st July 2021 to 31st August 2022. All pregnant women with ultrasound confirmed intrauterine fetal death after 28 or more weeks gestation who were admitted to the Obstetrics ward of Birat Medical College Teaching Hospital in the study period were enrolled in the study.
Results: There were 4562 antenatal admissions and 3852 deliveries in the study period. Of these, 35 pregnant women were admitted with intrauterine fetal death. The intrauterine fetal death rate was 11 per 1000 deliveries in our institution. The mean age of women at presentation was 25.94±4.82 years, and 85.7% of pregnant women between the ages of 20-35 years. Of the study participants, 34.3% were Janajati and 82.9 % were Hindu. Out of 35 pregnant women, 37.1% had not received formal education, and all of them were housewives by occupation. Only one patient was smoker, and none of them were alcoholic. Among the 35 pregnant women, 40 % were preterm, 57.1% were term, and 2.9% were post-term. The majority (60%) of them were multigravida. Hypertensive disorder in pregnancy was the most common identified risk factor in 25.7% of pregnant women, and in 37.1 % of cases, causes were not identified. Out of the 35 pregnant women, 34 underwent vaginal delivery, while one underwent a caesarean section for placenta previa.
Conclusion: Most of the pregnant women with intrauterine fetal death were illiterate housewives. The most commonly identified risk factor in this study was hypertensive disorder in pregnancy, which is preventable by regular antenatal care and timely intervention. Therefore, we should emphasize the importance of regular antenatal care for early detection and treatment of hypertension and other risk factors.
Nutritional Knowledge and Eating Habits among IT Undergraduates of Kathmandu Metropolitan City
Authors: Pokharel Shreya , Dhungel Kshitiz Upadhyay
Published: July 2023

Background & Objectives: Undergraduate students can be almost of any age, but majority of the students are in their late teens and early twenties. It is the time of physical and emotional changes as the body matures and the mind becomes more curios and independent and there is an increased desire for knowledge. Thus, the aim of the study was to access the nutritional knowledge and eating Habits among Information technology (IT) undergraduates of Kathmandu Metropolitan City.
Material and Methods: This was descriptive cross-sectional study based in Kathmandu Metropolitan City. A total of 422 samples were taken and the study population was IT undergraduates. Chi-square test was used to determine the statistical relationship between dependent and independent variables.
Results: The respondent's average age was 20.19.  One of the primary sources of nutritional knowledge was education. Nearly all of the respondents thought that fast food and junk food tasted good. The main drivers of junk food and fast food consumption were convenience and flavor. A statistical association existed between the amount spent each week on fast food and junk food and the amount of monthly pocket money. The vast majority of respondents had poor eating habits and insufficient nutritional knowledge. While the majority of students skipped their meals, three-fourths of respondents ate three meals a day, with breakfast being skipped the most frequently, followed by lunch, dinner, and snacks.
Conclusion: The study concluded that the vast majority of respondents had poor eating habits and insufficient nutritional knowledge. The primary reason of meal skipping was irregular college hours. It requires constant and long-term effort in personal, parental and college policy in order to make healthy eating a lifestyle must begin from the earliest age possible.
Assessment of Polypharmacy among Diabetic Patients in Tertiary Care Hospital of Nepal
Authors: Yadav Anita , Acharya Sagar , Chhetri Pradip , Palikhey Anjan
Published: July 2023

Background & Objective: Diabetes mellitus is a long-term metabolic condition that is accompanied by co-morbidities. Patients therefore use anti-diabetic medications in addition to other medications. Treatment with numerous drugs involves many hazards in addition to effectiveness. Therefore, diabetic people use multiple medications. The main aims of this study were to find out the prevalence of polypharmacy and the factors responsible for polypharmacy, and the consequences of polypharmacy.
Material and Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted at the outpatient department of the Universal College of Medical Sciences and Teaching Hospital, Bhairahawa, Nepal from 12th February to 31st March 2021. A total of 150 patients who met the inclusion criteria and agreed to give written informed consent were enrolled in this study. A pre-validated questionnaire was used to assess polypharmacy among diabetic patients. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 20 was used to enter and analyze data.
Results: A total of 150 diabetic patients were included in this study. Among them, about 62.66% had polypharmacy. Age and duration of disease were highly significant with polypharmacy. Coexisting chronic conditions were highly associated with polypharmacy, like cardiovascular (AOR=5.552), musculoskeletal (AOR=5.050), mental (AOR=7.835), and digestive (AOR=3.778). The most common oral anti-diabetic agent was metformin.
Conclusion: Polypharmacy was highly prevalent among diabetic patients. The rate of polypharmacy increases as the age and duration of disease increases. Polypharmacy has many consequences, like adverse drug events, increased costs, decreased compliance, and decreased quality of life.
A Study of Financial Performance Measurement of Small Finance Banks in India Using the CAMEL Model
Authors: Mistry Pinalben G , Suthar Kaushalkumar S , Dalvadi Yagnesh M
Published: July 2023

This research paper aims to examine the financial performance of small finance banks using the CAMEL model. The study period spans from 2016-17 to 2020-21, and a sample of five small finance banks has been selected for analysis. The CAMEL model, which stands for Capital adequacy, Asset quality, Management quality, Earnings, and Liquidity, provides a comprehensive framework for evaluating banks' financial health. By applying the CAMEL model to the selected sample banks, this study seeks to assess their overall performance and identify areas of strength and weakness. The findings of this research can help stakeholders, including policymakers, investors, and bank management, in understanding the financial performance of small finance banks and making informed decisions.
Status of Muslim Women in India: A Critical Study
Authors: Singh Sudha
Published: July 2023

Women's human rights discourse as an ideology is a Western intellectual feminist intervention. The demand for women's rights, which started in Europe from the 19th century, has now assumed a global form. India has also not remained untouched by this and in the last few decades, women empowerment and human rights have emerged as important issues. Looking at the history of Indian women, it is known that Indian women were given the right to equality in the constitution after the independence of the country, facing the adverse conditions of the ancient times to the Middle Ages, but even in the present time all Women do not even legally have the same rights that men have. Although Hindu, Sikh, Jain and Buddhist women have been legally given equal equality with men, but Muslim women still do not have the same rights as Muslim men in the law, which seem to be violating their human rights. Even today some conservative rules and laws prevail in Muslim society, due to which women have to face many types of problems, for example, Muslim men have the right of four marriages and unilateral divorce, which women do not have. To solve these problems, change in Muslim Personal Law or Uniform Civil Code is necessary. At the same time, the enlightened people of the Muslim society also need to change the conservative and bigoted thinking of the society so that Muslim women can be motivated for modern education and economic independence.

Abstract in Hindi Language:

एक विचारधारा के रूप में स्त्री मानवाधिकार का विमर्श एक पश्चिमी बौद्धिक नारीवादी हस्तक्षेप है। 19वीं शताब्दी से यूरोप में प्रारम्भ स्त्री अधिकारों की मांग ने वर्तमान में वैश्विक स्वरूप ग्रहण कर लिया है। भारत भी इससे अछूता नहीं रहा है तथा पिछले कुछ दशको में महिला सशक्तिकरण व मानवाधिकार, महत्वपूर्ण मुददों के रूप में उभरे हैं | भारतीय नारी के इतिहास पर द्रष्टिपात करने से ज्ञात होता है कि प्राचीन काल की सशक्त स्थिति से लेकर मध्यकाल की विषम परिस्थितियों का सामना करते हुए भारतीय नारी को देश की स्वतंत्रता के बाद संविधान में समानता का अधिकार प्रदान किया गया, किन्तु वर्तमान समय में भी सभी महिलाओं को क़ानूनी रूप से भी वे अधिकार प्राप्त नही है जो पुरुषों को प्राप्त हैं | हालाँकि हिन्दू, सिक्ख, जैन व बौद्ध महिलाओं को क़ानूनी रूप से पुरुषों के बराबर समानता प्रदान की गयी है परन्तु मुस्लिम महिलाओं को आज भी कानून में मुस्लिम पुरुषों के समान अधिकार प्राप्त नही है जो उनके मानवाधिकारों का हनन करते हुए प्रतीत होते हैं | मुस्लिम समाज में आज भी कुछ रुढ़िवादी नियम और कानून व्याप्त हैं, जिसकी वजह से महिलाओं को कई प्रकार की समस्याओं का सामना करना पड़ता है, उदाहरण के लिए मुस्लिम पुरुषों को चार निकाह व एक पक्षीय तलाक़ का अधिकार है जो महिलाओं को प्राप्त नहीं है | इन समस्याओं के समाधान हेतू मुस्लिम पर्सनल लॉ में बदलाव या समान नागरिक संहिता आवश्यक है | साथ ही मुस्लिम समाज के प्रबुद्ध लोगों को समाज की रुढ़िवादी व कट्टर सोच को बदलने की भी आवश्यकता है जिससे मुस्लिम महिलाओं को आधुनिक शिक्षा तथा आर्थिक स्वावलंबन के लिए प्रेरित किया जा सके |

Keywords: राजनीति, भागीदारी, अधिकार, जातिगत भेदभाव, महिला आन्दोलन
Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar IPS melalui Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Numbered Head Together di Kelas IV Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Irmawati Irmawati , Ilham Muhammad
Published: July 2023

This study aims to improve student learning outcomes in the form of economic activity in Class IV SD Negeri 7 Sawerigadi Kab. West Muna. This study is classroom action research which consists of two cycles. The subjects in this study were teachers and fourth grade students of SD Negeri 7 Sawerigadi who were registered in the 2018/2019 academic year with a total of 20 students. The research procedure consists of planning, action, observation, evaluation and reflection. The data in this study are qualitative data (data on teacher and student activities) and quantitative data (data on student learning outcomes obtained through test results). The results showed an increase in student learning outcomes when the teacher used the Numbered Head Together (NHT) cooperative learning model in social studies learning. In the first cycle of student learning completeness as many as 12 people or 60% with an average value of 72.0. In the second cycle, student learning completeness increased to 19 people or 90% with an average value of 87.5.Keywords: NHT, social studies, cooperative learning
Determinantes de la inclusión financiera en las microempresas colombianas
Authors: Hernández García Edwin Arbey
Published: July 2023

Objetivo: encontrar algunos determinantes de la inclusión financiera en las microempresas colombianas para el periodo 2015 y 2017. Método: se define la inclusión financiera desde sus cuatro dimensiones (acceso, uso, calidad y bienestar) y se estiman modelos econométricos de probabilidad tipo Logit, tal que permita una aproximación a los determinantes para incrementar de manera efectiva la inclusión financiera de las microempresas. Resultados: se encontró que la educación, la separación de las finanzas del hogar de las finanzas de la microempresa, la formalidad del negocio y las tecnologías de la información y las comunicaciones, desempeñan un papel fundamental para incrementar de manera integral la inclusión financiera, es decir, en todas sus dimensiones. Conclusiones: entre mayores niveles de educación financiera y conocimiento del manejo de las tecnologías de la información, crece la inclusión financiera de manera integral desde la demanda de los servicios financieros.
The state of the national healthcare system, priority areas for further improvement of its activities with the focus on implementing urgent measures to preserving and strengthening the health of the population of Ukraine
Authors: Chereshnyuk G. S. , Rudenko A. A. , Palamar I. V.
Published: July 2023

Annotation. Since the signing of the Association Agreement with the European Union, European integration processes have been carried out in all spheres of Ukrainian society, including the healthcare sector. The transformation processes in this area are aimed at creating Ukraine's own effective healthcare system through a comprehensive restructuring of the medical sector and improvement of its state regulation mechanisms. We have analyzed the assessment of the national healthcare system, using statistical data of state and regional structures for the period 2010-2013 according to the annual reports of some large medical institutions of Ukraine, sociological and socio-psychological studies, literature data of domestic and foreign authors who have studied and described the state and performance of municipal non-profit enterprises, services and systems. The purpose of this work is to analyze the medical and demographic situation in Ukraine, the main indicators of the national healthcare system in the course of its reform, defined in the strategic objectives in the new conditions and challenges (the Covid-19 pandemic, military aggression in the east of our country and the impact of other factors). According to the State Statistics Service of Ukraine, the medical and demographic situation in Ukraine and key performance indicators of the national healthcare system in the course of its reform were analyzed. The obtained data made it possible to identify priority areas for further improvement of its activities to direct priority measures to preserve and strengthen the health of the Ukrainian population. It was determined that the total mortality rate for all causes in 2020 amounted to 1483,6 cases per 100 thousand people (2019 – 1388,3), including by the main causes diseases of the circulatory system – 981,7 cases per 100 thousand people (2019 – 930,2); neoplasms – 187,3 cases per 100 thousand people (2019 – 186,9); external factors – 68,9 cases per 100 thousand people (2019 – 71,7); diseases of the digestive system – 58,1 cases per 100 thousand people (2019 57,7); respiratory diseases – 39,6 cases per 100 thousand people (2019: 29,9); some infectious and parasitic diseases – 16,8 cases per 100 thousand people (2019: 19,4).
Current requirements for the nutrient composition of food and the state of food supply for servicemen of the Armed Forces of Ukraine
Authors: Chorna V. V. , Krupka N. O. , Lototska-Dudyk U. B.
Published: July 2023

Annotation. According to the purpose of the work, a scientific analysis of the main principles regarding the organization of food supply for servicemen of the Armed Forces of Ukraine (AFU) for the years 2002-2022 following the current legislative and regulatory documents was carried out. It was found that food rations for military personnel correspond to the current physiological norms in terms of energy value, protein, lipid and carbohydrate balance, as well as vitamin and mineral content. However, further improvement and introduction of new food products for military personnel, increasing the nutritional value of products, improving the technological aspects and tactical characteristics of daily rations, and increasing the shelf life of food supplies are of great importance from the point of view of hygiene.
The significance of tlr genes, in particular TLR-2 and TLR-4, and their polymorphisms in susceptibility and resistance to the development and clinical course of tuberculosis
Authors: Plykanchuk O. V. , Muzychuk O. M. , Tkhorovskiy M. A. , Nezgoda O. P. , Klymenko T. I.
Published: July 2023

Annotation. The tuberculosis pandemic is a global problem of modern medicine, and thousands of scientists from all over the world are working towards finding a solution. Taking into account the fact that there are national and international programs to fight tuberculosis, nosology remains the second infectious cause of death in the world after COVID-19. Indeed, official WHO statistics indicate that 1.6 million people died from this serious infectious disease in 2021 alone. Resistance, susceptibility, and the course of the pathology largely depend not only on environmental factors and morphofunctional features of the pathogen but also on the patient's genotype, which prompted us to analyze the influence of TLR genes and their polymorphisms on the aforementioned characteristics. In accordance with the set goal, we processed the currently known information about TLR family genes, as well as their polymorphisms, using the main databases. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are involved in the recognition of molecular patterns associated with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which subsequently initiates the host's immune response. Thus, any failure in the cascade of the above-mentioned pathway will manifest itself in changes in the course of tuberculosis, as well as in resistance and susceptibility to it. Many data indicate a predisposition to nosology in the presence of TLR gene polymorphisms, and a significant number of researchers mention the severe course of the disease in patients with mutant genotypes. The understanding of pathophysiological mechanisms at the level of receptors and signaling pathways as a result of the influence of genetic mutations will enable us to fight the disease more thoroughly. The results of our review are aimed at improving the tactics of managing patients with tuberculosis, timely detection of nosology, and the development of modern methods of prevention.
Penerapan Metode Pembelajaran Variatif dalam Menumbuhkan Minat Baca dan Belajar Anak Sejak Usia Dini di biMBA AIUEO Kunciran Kota Tangerang
Authors: Khofiah Isnaida , Rosmilawati Ila , Rawita Ino Sutisno
Published: July 2023

Kajian penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui (1) Bagaimana penerapan metode pembelajaran variatif dalam menumbuhkan minat baca dan belajar anak sejak usia dini di biMBA AIUEO Kunciran, Kota Tangerang (2) Perkembangan minat baca dan belajar anak sejak usia dini melalui penerapan metode pembelajaran variatif di biMBA AIUEO Kunciran, Kota Tangerang. Dalam penelitian ini, penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif  dengan pendekatan kualitatif dan dalam teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Informan dalam penelitian ini yaitu 1 kepala unit, 2 pengajar, dan 4 peserta didik beserta 4 orang tua di biMBA AIUEO Kunciran. Hasil penelitian yang sudah dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa (1) Penerapan metode pembelajaran variatif di biMBA AIUEO dapat dikatakan cukup berhasil hal ini dilihat dari penerapan metode pembelajaran di biMBA AIUEO yaitu fun learning, small step system, individual system, dan variation skill (2) Terdapat perkembangan minat baca anak dan minat belajar anak melalui penerapan metode pembelajaran variatif.
Metode Demonstrasi dalam Mengembangkan Sopan Santun pada Anak di Bina Keluarga Balita PAUD Asri Jakarta Timur
Authors: Zahira Amanda , Haila Hidayatullah , Rawita Ino S.
Published: July 2023

Masa anak usia dini adalah salah satu tahapan yang tidak pernah bisa diabaikan dan sangat awal dalam kemajuan dan perubahan signifikan dalam kualitas pengetahuan anak yang berkembang sangat pesat. Anak tumbuh dan berkembang sepanjang hidupnya dalam lingkungan sosial. Ranah sosial pertama yang meletakkan dasar bagi identitas yang tepat dari kepribadian anak adalah pendidik. Pendidikan anak usia dini juga sangat penting dalam mengembangkan sopan santun yang ada dalam diri peserta didik. Sebagai pendidik yang professional harus memastikan bahwa setiap peserta didik mampu mencapai standar sikap maupun perilaku yang optimal, maka pendidik harus menentukan metode yang cocok dan sesuai seperti metode demonstrasi yang mampu memberikan arahan ataupun bimbingan sopan santun. Tujuan dari penelitian ini melihat bagaimana penerapan metode demonstrasi dan bagaimana sopan santun anak setelah diterapkannya metode demonstrasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif yang menghasilkan data deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa metode demonstrasi yang disajikan oleh pendidik dilihat dari persiapan, perencanaan dan evaluasi sudah optimal dan cukup baik dan ada suatu keberhasilan dan peningkatan yang dihasilkan dari metode demonstrasi dalam sikap dan perilaku sopan santun anak.
Pembentukan Nilai Karakter Kejujuran Melalui Aktivitas Menabung pada Anak Usia Dini di Raudhatul Athfal Nurul Islam Kecamatan Seberida
Authors: Fauziyah Risqa Fina
Published: July 2023

Kejujuran bagi anak usia prasekolah merupakan hal yang paling penting dan direkomendasikan pada masa kecil. Pentingnya nilai kejujuran ditumbuhkan pada anak sejak usia dini agar anak terbiasa untuk selalu jujur dalam perkatan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi dan menggambarkan bagaimana proses pembentukan karakter kejujuran melalui aktivitas menabung pada anak usia dini di RA Nurul Islam Kecamatan Seberida. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif. Subjek penelitian terdiri dari 20 anak kelompok B dan guru RA Nurul Isalam. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara dengan guru, observasi, dan analisis arsip. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif dengan menggunakan reduksi data, penyajian data, dan inferensi. Hasil observasi menunjukkan bahwa karakter kejujuran pada anak teridentifikasi sebagai berikut: (a) anak belajar untuk mengumpulkan uang dengan jujur dan tidak memalsukan jumlah uang, (b) anak terbiasa disiplin dalam aktivitas menabung di sekolah, (c) anak bertanggung jawab, (d) anak meniru sikap bersyukur, dan (e) anak mengucapkan terima kasih. Sangat penting bagaimana guru bertindak sebagai contoh, fasilitator, dan motivator bagi anak dalam kegiatan keagamaan untuk membentuk karakter religius pada anak
Penerapan Pendidikan Karakter Melalui Kegiatan Pembelajaran di RA Nurut Tholibin Jember
Authors: Nurfathiyah Atika Zain
Published: July 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan guna mengetahui bagaimana penerapan pendidikan karakter pada kegiatan pembelajaran di RA Nurut Tholibin Jember. Salah satu yang menjadi perhatian adalah penanaman pendidikan karakter yang dikaitkan dengan Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran Harian (RPPH). Berdasarkan wawancara yang dilaksanakan pada kepala sekolah, guru kelompok A & B penerapan pendidikan karakter diterapkan pada kegiatan pembuka, inti, dan penutup. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif. Subjek penelitian ini adalah kepala RA, guru kelompok A dan kelompok B. Analisis data penelitian kualitatif ini adalah dengan mengumpulkan data dan dilakukan kondensai data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penerapan pendidikan karakter melalui kegiatan pembelajaran ini memunculkan nilai karakter religius, disiplin, tanggung jawab, mandiri, kerja keras, dan kreatif.
Pengaruh Kepemimpinan Visioner Kepala Sekolah terhadap Quality Assurance Sekolah Lembaga PAUD Aisyiyah Kabupaten Jember
Authors: Rachman Angraeny Unedia , Imamah Nurul , Jatmikowati Tri Endang
Published: July 2023

Latar belakang dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa kepemimpinan merupakan kekuatan penting dalam pengelolaan organisasi, kemampuan memimpin secara efektif merupakan kunci keberhasilan dari suatu organisasi yang dapat mendorong sekolah untuk dapat mewujudkan visi dan misi, tujuan dan sasaran sekolah melalui program-program sekolah yang dilaksanakan secara terencana dan bertahap.Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh kepemimpinan visioner terhadap quality assurance suatu lembaga pendidikan, dikarenakan sebagai pemimpin di lembaganya harus mampu membawa lembaga ke arah tercapainya tujuan yang telah ditetapkan. Metode Penelitian yang digunakan peneliti menggunakan pendekatan penelitian kuantitatif deskriptif. Hasil Penelitian diperoleh bahwa nilai dari Pearson Correlation untuk Persampahan (%) sebesar 1, artinya adalah hubungan antara quality assurance sangat berpengaruh untuk menumbuhkan kepemimpinan Visioner. Dalam proses menjalankan tugas kepemimpinanya, terkait dengan mutu sekolah, kepala sekolah berpedoman pada quality assurance agar mampu untuk pengembangan proses pendidikan sesuai dengan standar proses yang telah disepakati.
Gadget dan Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Wulandari Hayani , Kurniasih Kurniasih
Published: July 2023

Gagdet merupakan salah satu teknologi yang digunakan oleh semua kalangan, muda sampai tua. Dengan adanya gadget, aktivitas manusia dapat dirasa lebih efektif dan efesien. Gadget memiliki pengaruh yang negatif maupun positif. Pengaruh tersebut tergantung bagaimana seseorang menggunakannya. Anak usia dini adalah seseorang yang rentan terkena pengaruh negative penggunaan gadget. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan metode studi literatur. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh-pengaruh gadget terhadap anak usia dini. Secara keseluruhan, terdapat 33,44% anak usia dini di Indonesia yang menggunakan handphone. Kemudian terdapat kasus-kasus kecanduan gadget yang dialami oleh anak, bahkan menyebabkan kematian. Orang tua sebagai pendidikan pertama bagi anak harus mengawasi, mendampingi, bahkan membatasi penggunaan gadget pada anak. Orang tua menjadi kunci solusi dari permasalahan yang ditimbulkan akibat pengaruh negatif gadget.
Upaya Mengembangkan Kreativitas Anak Melalui Kegiatan Finger Painting pada Peserta Didik di PAUD Pelangi Pandeglang
Authors: Hanan Hilwatul , Sudadio Sudadio , Haila Hidayatullah
Published: July 2023

Kreativitas adalah kemampuan seseorang dalam menghasilkan sesuatu yang baru baik berupa gagasan maupun karya nyata yang relatif berbeda dengan yang telah ada sebelumnya. Kreativitas merupakan salah satu yang penting untuk dikembangkan untuk anak sejak dini. Dalam mengembangkan kreativitas anak dapat dilakukan melalui kegiatan finger painting atau melukis dengan jari tangan secara langsung tanpa menggunakan alat bantuan khususnya pada kegiatan pembelajaran di PAUD. Dimana melalui kegiatan finger painting dapat meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir dan berbuat kreatif, mengungkapkan nilai-nilai estetika, dan melatih otot-otot jari tangan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan serta memperoleh gambaran tentang upaya mengembangkan kreativitas peserta didik melalui kegiatan finger painting di PAUD Pelangi Pandeglang yang dikaji berdasarkan hasil kegiatan finger painting dalam mengembangkan kreativitas peserta didik. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif melalui teknik observasi, wawancara, dan studi dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, melalui kegiatan finger painting dapat mengembangkan kreativitas peserta didik, dimana kreativitas peserta didik di PAUD Pelangi Pandeglang semakin berkembang.
Peran Orang Tua dalam Melawan Tindak Kekerasan Seksual terhadap AUD
Authors: Nurwaci Nurwaci , Wulandari Hayani
Published: July 2023

Kekerasan seksual terhadap anak merupakan tindakan kekerasan yang melibatkan anak sebagai target seseorang dalam memuaskan dirinya ke arah hubungan seksual. Anak usia dini dijadikan sebagai korban karena anak-anak tidak akan melawan dan hanya akan berdiam diri saja. Hal ini menjadi tanggung jawab semua pihak, terutama orang tua dalam memberikan pengetahuan akan seks pada anak. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan metode studi literasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan peran orang tua dalam melawan tindakan kekerasan seksual terhadap anak. Karena menurut data dari KPAI, kasus kekerasan seksual pada anak setiap tahunnya meningkat. Sehingga peran orang tua sangat penting dalam meminimalisir terjadinya tingkat kenaikkan kasus kekerasan seksual terhadap anak usia dini.
Mengenalkan Konsep Calistung yang Menyenangkan untuk Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Wulandari Hayani , Avivah Divia
Published: July 2023

Penelitian ini dilakukan agar mampu mengetahui cara untuk mengenalkan konsep calistung (membaca, menulis dan berhitung) yang menyenangkan kepada anak dengan penggunaan metode serta media yang cocok untuk pembelajaran calistung. Adapun penggunaan metode penelitiannya merupakan metode penelitian kualitatif menggunakan jenis penelitian kajian literatur. Agar anak tidak mengalami stres akademik ketika belajar calistung yang dikarenakan tuntutan dari orang tua maka guru harus mampu memberikan pembelajaran calistung yang menyenangkan untuk anak dengan penggunaan media serta metode belajar yang cocok dan tepat untuk tahap perkembangan anak. Upaya guru agar mampu memberikan pembelajaran yang tepat untuk anak maka guru harus memiliki kompetensi pedagogik yang cukup. Terdapat beragam upaya atau cara yang mampu dilaksanakan oleh guru dalam meningkatkan kompetensi pedagogiknya. Dengan dilakukannya penelitian ini, diharapkan mampu bermanfaat bagi para guru dan calon guru khususnya untuk guru PAUD serta mampu digunakan sebagai bahan rujukan dalam mengimplementasikan proses belajar kepada anak usia dini khususnya dalam pembelajaran calistung. Dan juga dapat dijadikan untuk menambah pengetahuan tentang metode pembelajaran serta media pembelajaran yang cocok untuk memberikan pembelajaran calistung kepada anak usia dini.
Pengembangan Alat Peraga Playdough untuk Meningkatkan Kreativitas Anak Kelompok B TK Berlian Bondoyudo Lumajang
Authors: Lidya Lidya , Pradana Pascalian Hadi , Suwargono Trio
Published: July 2023

Alat Peraga Playdough adalah Media untuk pembelajaran anak-anak yang mampu mengedukatif perkembangan kreativitas anak usia dini karena teksturnya yang lembut dan mudah dibentuk serta terbuat dari bahan alami atau bahan dapur yang aman untuk anak usia dini.Penelitian ini menggunakan research & development model pengembangan Borg dan Gall yang memuat sistematika langkah-langkah agar produk yang dikembangkan mencapai standar kelayakan. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah Dokumentasi, angket dan observasi. Subjek penelitian ini adalah Siswa Kelompok B TK Berlian Bondoyudo, Kec.Sukodono Lumajang. Intsrument alat peraga oleh ahli alat peraga 100% tidak ada revisi begitupun dengan ahli materi. Instrument hasil observasi aktivitas siswa skala kecil dihitung dengan rumus ketuntasan klasikal mendapat skor 75% predikat valid. Pada Instrument observasi aktivitas siswa skala besar mendapat skor 71% predikat valid. Berdasarkan hasil analisis dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa penelitian ini menghasilkan pengembangan alat peraga Playdough dinyatakan aspek valid.
Pengaruh Film Animasi Nussa dan Rara Terhadap Karakter Tanggung Jawab Anak Usia Dini di TK Muslimat NU 121 Bangsalsari Jember
Authors: Fitriani Indah , Siswono Hendrik
Published: July 2023

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh nilai karakter tanggung jawab anak usia dini belum berkembang sesuai indikator. Hal ini dikarenakan metode yang digunakan guru dalam membangun karakter tanggung jawab anak usia dini hanya menggunakan metode memberi nasehat saja. Kendala lain yaitu tidak adanya media pembelajaran untuk menstimulasi karakter tanggung jawab anak baik yang berupa visual dan audiovisual. Media pembelajaran merupakan suatu metode, peralatan ataupun tekhnik yang digunakan dalam menyampaikan informasi kepada peserta didik. Untuk mengembangkan karakter tanggung jawab anak maka dilakukan penerapan film animasi Nussa dan Rara. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif pre-eksperimen dengan jenis one group pretest-postest design. Tekhnik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah lembar observasi. Subjek penelitian yaitu 15 siswa kelas A. Tekhnik analisis data yaitu uji parametrik paired sample t test karena uji prasyarat sampel dan instrumen telah terpenuhi.  Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa nilai signifikansi 2 tailed lebih kecil dari 0,05 serta nilai t hitung lebih besar dari t tabel yang artinya terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan film animasi  Nussa dana Rara terhadap karakter tanggung jawab anak usia dini di TK Muslimat NU 121 Bangsalsari Jember
Strategi Implementasi Proyek Penguatan Profil Pelajar Pancasila di PAUD
Authors: Hidayanto Nova Eko , Hariyanto Hariyanto , Jayawardana H.B.A
Published: July 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis implementasi proyek penguatan profil pelajar Pancasila di Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini (PAUD). Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif dengan mengumpulkan dan menganalisis data dari studi literatur yang relevan. Penerapan proyek ini berperan dalam membentuk karakter positif pada anak-anak. Mereka belajar untuk menghormati perbedaan, saling bekerja sama, dan menjadi anggota masyarakat yang bertanggung jawab. Hal ini dapat membantu mengembangkan kepribadian yang kuat dan mempersiapkan mereka menjadi warga negara yang baik di masa depan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan proyek penguatan profil pelajar Pancasila di PAUD membutuhkan berbagai macam strategi yang perlu diketahui oleh pemangku kepentingan terutama kepala dan guru PAUD. Implementasi proyek penguatan profil pelajar Pancasila di PAUD memberikan manfaat yang signifikan dalam membangun pemahaman nilai-nilai Pancasila, membentuk karakter positif, dan memperkuat rasa cinta tanah air pada anak-anak. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan masukan penting bagi praktisi pendidikan dalam mewujudkan profil pelajar Pancasila di tingkat PAUD.