bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ENSINO DA PRESCRIÇÃO DE ENFERMAGEM NA DISCIPLINA ENFERMAGEM MÉDICO-CIRÚRGICA DA ESCOLA DE ENFERMAGEM DA UNIVERSIDADE DE SÃO PAULO
Authors: Car Marcia Regina , Padilha Katia Grillo , Valente Sofia Maria Tafil Bello
Published: July 2017

Neste trabalho relata-se a experiência das docentes da disciplina Enfermagem Médico-Cirúrgica sobre o ensino da prescrição de enfermagem, e são abordados os princípios básicos, as formas de elaboração e as estratégias utilizadas.
ASSISTÊNCIA DE ENFERMAGEM AO PREMATURO: ALGUNS PROCEDIMENTOS BÁSICOS
Authors: Merighi Miriam Aparecida Barbosa
Published: July 2017

São apresentados os procedimentos básicos de assistência de enfermagem ao prematuro, a saber: observação nas primeiras 24 horas de vida, hidratação, alimentação com mamadeira, alimentação por sonda nasogástrica, cuidados após a alimentação, técnica do banho na incubadora, cuidado com a pele, cuidado com o coto umbilical, cuidado do prematuro com monilíase, diarréia, vômito, problemas respiratórios, cuidado do prematuro em oxigenoterapia, limpeza e conservação da incubadora.
CONSUMO ALIMENTAR DE ESTUDANTES UNIVERSITÁRIOS DO SEXO FEMININO
Authors: Fujimori Elizabeth , Shima Hisako , Salum Maria Josefina Leuba
Published: July 2017

Realizou-se um estudo dietético com o objetivo de caracterizar o padrão nutritional de estudantes universitários do sexo feminino, utilizando-se o método de pesagem direta dos alimentos. Os resultados revelaram deficiência vitamínico-mineral (predominantemente de ferro, cálcio e tiamina) na dieta, quando comparados com as recomendações dietéticas.
ESTUDO SOBRE AVALIAÇÃO DE DESEMPENHO DE ENFERMEIRAS. METODOLOGIA UTILIZADA E RESULTADOS ENCONTRADOS - PARTE II
Authors: Kurcgant Paulina
Published: July 2017

Nesta segunda parte do estudo sobre avaliação do desempenho de enfermeiras é apresentada a metodologia adotada, os instrumentos utilizados para a coleta de dados e os critérios adotados na discussão dos resultados. É apresentada, também, parte da discussão dos resultados, o que obedecem, para melhor compreensão, a uma seqüência prè-determinada. Dessa forma são discutidos resultados referentes aos itens "objetivos dos programas de avaliação de desempenho" e "elementos responsáveis pela avaliação de desempenho". Este último item subdivide-se em "caracterização profissional", que é totalmente discutida nesta parte do estudo, e "preparo profissional específico", que será apresentado na terceira parte do trabalho. O referencial teórico pertinente a resultados faz parte da discussão aqui apresentada.
Somatic maturation and the relationship between bone mineral variables and types of sports among adolescents: cross-sectional study
Authors: Agostinete Ricardo Ribeiro , Ito Igor Hideki , Kemper Han , Pastre Carlos Marcelo , Rodrigues-Júnior Mário Antônio , Luiz-de-Marco Rafael , Fernandes Rômulo Araújo
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACT CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Peak height velocity (PHV) is an important maturational event during adolescence that affects skeleton size. The objective here was to compare bone variables in adolescents who practiced different types of sports, and to identify whether differences in bone variables attributed to sports practice were dependent on somatic maturation status. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study, São Paulo State University (UNESP). METHODS: The study was composed of 93 adolescents (12 to 16.5 years old), divided into three groups: no-sport group (n = 42), soccer/basketball group (n = 26) and swimming group (n = 25). Bone mineral density and content were measured using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and somatic maturation was estimated through using peak height velocity. Data on training load were provided by the coaches. RESULTS: Adolescents whose PHV occurred at an older age presented higher bone mineral density in their upper limbs (P = 0.018). After adjustments for confounders, such as somatic maturation, the swimmers presented lower values for bone mineral density in their lower limbs, spine and whole body. Only the bone mineral density in the upper limbs was similar between the groups. There was a negative relationship between whole-body bone mineral content and the weekly training hours (β: -1563.967; 95% confidence interval, CI: -2916.484 to -211.450). CONCLUSION: The differences in bone variables attributed to sport practice occurred independently of maturation, while high training load in situations of hypogravity seemed to be related to lower bone mass in swimmers.
Mortality due to noncommunicable diseases in Brazil, 1990 to 2015, according to estimates from the Global Burden of Disease study
Authors: Malta Deborah Carvalho , França Elisabeth , Abreu Daisy Maria Xavier , Perillo Rosângela Durso , Salmen Maíra Coube , Teixeira Renato Azeredo , Passos Valeria , Souza Maria de Fátima Marinho , Mooney Meghan , Naghavi Mohsen
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACT CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are the leading health problem globally and generate high numbers of premature deaths and loss of quality of life. The aim here was to describe the major groups of causes of death due to NCDs and the ranking of the leading causes of premature death between 1990 and 2015, according to the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2015 study estimates for Brazil. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study covering Brazil and its 27 federal states. METHODS: This was a descriptive study on rates of mortality due to NCDs, with corrections for garbage codes and underreporting of deaths. RESULTS: This study shows the epidemiological transition in Brazil between 1990 and 2015, with increasing proportional mortality due to NCDs, followed by violence, and decreasing mortality due to communicable, maternal and neonatal causes within the global burden of diseases. NCDs had the highest mortality rates over the whole period, but with reductions in cardiovascular diseases, chronic respiratory diseases and cancer. Diabetes increased over this period. NCDs were the leading causes of premature death (30 to 69 years): ischemic heart diseases and cerebrovascular diseases, followed by interpersonal violence, traffic injuries and HIV/AIDS. CONCLUSION: The decline in mortality due to NCDs confirms that improvements in disease control have been achieved in Brazil. Nonetheless, the high mortality due to violence is a warning sign. Through maintaining the current decline in NCDs, Brazil should meet the target of 25% reduction proposed by the World Health Organization by 2025.
Hospitalizations due to primary care-sensitive conditions among children under five years of age: cross-sectional study
Authors: Araujo Erika Morganna Neves de , Costa Gabriela Maria Cavalcanti , Pedraza Dixis Figueroa
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACT CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Hospitalizations due to primary care-sensitive conditions constitute an important indicator for monitoring the quality of primary healthcare. This study aimed to describe hospitalizations due to primary care-sensitive conditions found among children under five years of age (according to their age and sex), in two cities in Paraíba, Brazil. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study carried out in the municipalities of Cabedelo and Bayeux, in Paraíba, Brazil. METHODS: Data were collected from four public pediatric hospitals in Paraíba that receive children from these municipalities. Hospital admission authorizations were consulted to gather information on the children’s profile and the characteristics of their hospitalizations. Differences in the causes of admissions and the respective lengths of hospital stay length were analyzed according to age group and sex. RESULTS: The proportion of hospital admissions due to primary care-sensitive conditions was 82.4%. The most frequent causes were: bacterial pneumonia (59.38%), infectious gastroenteritis and its complications (23.59%) and kidney and urinary tract infection (9.67%). Boys had higher frequency of hospitalizations due to primary care-sensitive conditions than girls. The median hospitalization due to primary care-sensitive conditions was found to be four days. The duration of hospital stays due to primary care-sensitive conditions was significantly longer than those due to conditions that were not sensitive to primary care. CONCLUSIONS: High rates of hospital admissions due to primary care-sensitive conditions were highlighted, especially among children of male sex, with long periods of hospitalization.
Age at first childbirth and newly diagnosed diabetes among postmenopausal women: a cross-sectional analysis of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil)
Authors: Yarmolinsky James , Duncan Bruce Bartholow , Barreto Sandhi Maria , Diniz Maria de Fátima Sander , Chor Dora , Schmidt Maria Inês
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACT CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: It has been reported that earlier age at first childbirth may increase the risk of adult-onset diabetes among postmenopausal women, a novel finding with important public health implications. To date, however, no known studies have attempted to replicate this finding. We aimed to test the hypothesis that age at first childbirth is associated with the risk of adult-onset diabetes among postmenopausal women. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional analysis using baseline data from 2919 middle-aged and elderly postmenopausal women in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). METHODS: Age at first childbirth was determined from self-reporting and newly diagnosed diabetes through a 2-hour 75-g oral glucose tolerance test and/or glycated hemoglobin. Logistic regression was performed to examine associations between age at first childbirth and newly diagnosed diabetes among postmenopausal women. RESULTS: We did not find any association between age at first childbirth and diabetes, either when minimally adjusted for age, race and study center (odds ratio, OR [95% confidence interval, CI]: ≤ 19 years: 1.15 [0.82-1.59], 20-24 years: 0.90 [0.66-1.23] and ≥ 30 years: 0.86 [0.63-1.17] versus 25-29 years; P = 0.36) or when fully adjusted for childhood and adult factors (OR [95% CI]: ≤ 19 years: 0.95 [0.67-1.34], 20-24 years: 0.78 [0.56-1.07] and ≥ 30 years: 0.84 [0.61-1.16] versus 25-29 years; P = 0.40). CONCLUSION: Our current analysis does not support the existence of an association between age at first childbirth and adult-onset diabetes among postmenopausal women, which had been reported previously.
Physical activity in Brazil: lessons from ELSA-Brasil. Narrative review
Authors: Pitanga Francisco José Gondim , Almeida Maria Conceição Chagas , Queiroz Ciro Oliveira , Aquino Estela Maria Leão de , Matos Sheila Maria Alvim
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACT CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: The Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil) was conducted among civil servants at six higher education institutions located in six Brazilian state capitals. The objective of this review was to identify the publications produced within the scope of ELSA-Brasil that analyzed the participants’ physical activity. DESIGN AND SETTING: Review study using baseline data from ELSA-Brasil. METHODS: Narrative review of Brazilian studies on physical activity produced using data from ELSA-Brasil participants. RESULTS: The prevalence of leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) among ELSA-Brasil participants was low (44.1% among men and 33.8% among women). The main factors associated were social (higher schooling and family income), environmental (living in places with conditions and opportunities for physical activity) and individual (not being obese, being retired, not smoking and positive perception of body image). The perception of facilities for walking in the neighborhood was positively associated with both LTPA and commuting-related physical activity. An active lifestyle was a protective factor against several cardiometa-bolic variables (hypertension, diabetes, lipid abnormalities and cardiovascular risk over the next 10 years). Comparison between LTPA and commuting-related physical activity showed that only LTPA had a protective effect against arterial hypertension. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of physical activity among ELSA-Brasil participants was low. The main determinants were social, environmental and personal. LTPA had a greater protective efect on cardio-metabolic outcomes than did commuting-related physical activity.
Sociodemographic characteristics of women in a public hospital in Campinas who underwent legal abortion due to sexual violence: cross-sectional study
Authors: dos Santos Mutta Danielle , Angerame Yela Daniela
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACT CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Sexual violence is increasingly frequent worldwide. The aim here was to evaluate the sociodemographic and psychological characteristics of women who requested legal abortion, at a public healthcare service, after sufering sexual violence. DESIGN AND SETTING: Retrospective descriptive study on 131 women who underwent legal abortion at the University of Campinas between 1994 and 2014, consequent to sexual violence. METHODS: The sociodemographic and psychological characteristics of women who were victims of sexual violence were evaluated from their medical records. The tests used to evaluate possible associations were the chi-square and/or Fisher’s exact test. RESULTS: The women’s mean age was 23 ± 9.2 years; 77.9% were white and 71.8% were single; 32.8% were students and 58.6% had employment outside of their homes. The majority reported that they did not know the aggressor (62.3%), but among the adolescents, 58% of the aggressors were known. The majority asked for abortion up to the 12th weeks of gestation (63.4%). Only 2.3% presented curettage complications. The psychological situation most frequently encountered was determined, in 34.4% of the cases before the abortion; and good in 32.8% after the abortion. CONCLUSIONS: There was greater occurrence of sexual violence among students and women who worked outside. Among the students, most of these were adolescents and had no previous sexual life. The teenagers were raped by a known aggressor.
Spatial variability of vegetation index and soil properties in an integrated crop-livestock system
Authors: Bernardi Alberto C. de C. , Grego Célia R. , Andrade Ricardo G. , Rabello Ladislau M. , Inamasu Ricardo Y.
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACT The knowledge of soil property spatial variability is useful for determining the rational use of inputs, such as the site-specific application of lime and fertilizer. The objective of this study was to evaluate the vegetation index and spatial variability of physical and chemical soil properties in an integrated crop-livestock system (ICLS). Soil samples were taken from a 6.9 ha area in a regular hexagon grid at 0-0.20 m depths. Soil P, K, Ca, Mg, and cation exchange capacity - CEC; base saturation; clay and sand were analyzed. Soil electrical conductivity (ECa) was measured with a contact sensor. The site was evaluated at the end of the corn season (April) and during forage production (October) using Landsat 5 images, remote sensing techniques and a geographic information system (GIS). Results showed that the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) was associated with ECa and soil parameters, indicating crop and pasture variations in the ICLS. Geostatistics and GIS were effective tools for collecting data regarding the spatial variability of soil and crop indicators, identifying variation trends in the data, and assisting data interpretation to determine adequate management strategies.
Irrigated wheat subjected to inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense and nitrogen doses as top-dressing
Authors: Alves Cleiton J. , Arf Orivaldo , Ramos Ane F. , Galindo Fernando S. , Nogueira Lais M. , Rodrigues Ricardo A. F.
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACT The use of Azospirillum brasilense in the wheat crop still presents contradictory results; thus, it is necessary to identify ideal conditions to obtain satisfactory results. The objective of this study was to investigate the interaction between Azospirillum brasilense and nitrogen doses in a wheat cultivar, conducted with irrigation in the Cerrado region of Mato Grosso do Sul. The experimental design was randomized blocks with a 4 x 2 factorial scheme, four nitrogen doses (0, 40, 80 and 120 kg ha-1) applied as top-dressing, associated or not with inoculation of wheat seeds with Azospirillum brasilense. The results show that there was no interaction between N and inoculation. The isolated effect of Azospirillum brasilense promotes an increase in plant height and number of grains per spike. Nitrogen doses promotes significant increases in leaf N content, plant height, number of grains per spike, number of spikes per square meter and grain yield. The conditions under which the experiment was conducted favored the development of the crop, not interfering with grain yield due the inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense.
Incidental findings in patients evaluated with cone beam computed tomography for orthodontic treatment
Authors: FLAIBAN Everton , ALONSO Maria Beatriz Carrazzone Cal , FREITAS Cláudio Fróes de , TORRES Fernando César , Lipiec-XIMENES Michel , COSTA André Luiz Ferreira
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this retrospective study was to determine and quantify incidental findings in CBCT scans taken exclusively for orthodontic purposes. Methods: A total of 202 scans were evaluated by two examiners and classified into five different groups. Results: A total of 227 incidental findings were found in a sample of patients aged 5-58 years old. The highest number of findings was of dental origin (n = 157), followed by airway (N = 46), skull (N = 16) and ATM (n = 8). Scans with no incidental finding accounted for 20% of the examinations. Subjects having lower mean age were found in the group of airway findings. The prevalence of incidental findings in the current study was consistent with the literature, thus corroborating their high frequency. Orthodontists who make use of CBCT are responsible for assessment of all data. Conclusion: The precise evaluation of incidental findings may help in the early diagnosis, treatment and patient monitoring. Further studies should be conducted to assess the influence of these findings on the orthodontic treatment.
Oral hygiene, dietary habits and prevalence of dental caries in adolescents from rural and urban areas in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Authors: BORGES Tássia Silvana , CARDOSO Moisés Zacarias , FORTUNA Mixianni Justo , REUTER Cézane Priscila , IMPERATORE Simone , FRANKE Silvia Isabel Rech , BURGOS Miria Suzana
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACT Objective: To determine the condition of oral hygiene, dietary habits and prevalence of dental caries in adolescents, listing these habits and comparing residents from rural and urban areas. Methods: Cross-sectional study involving of 623 adolescents of both sexes, aged 12 to 17 year old in Santa Cruz do Sul, Brazil. Data were collected through sociodemographic questionnaires and dental examination. We conducted a descriptive analysis of the exposure variables and outcome. A bivariate analysis was then performed using the Chi-square test. Results: The prevalence of caries was 63.6%, in which adolescents living in rural areas had a prevalence of 70.7% and 56.4% in the urban area. The level of mother’s education ≤4 years and socioeconomic class B1/B2 and C1/C2 showed statistically significant differences between the areas of residence. Among the demographic variables, the rural area showed a higher prevalence of caries. Conclusion: The results showed a high prevalence of dental caries among the adolescents studied and indicate a correlation between prevalence and the low level of mother’s education, socioeconomic status (low to medium) and residence in rural areas. It should be understood that, while the multifactorial nature and stratified caries actions are not taken into consideration, the actions implemented will continue to fail, frustrating the expectations set by government entities.
The role of the dentist in the diagnosis of ectodermal dysplasia
Authors: QUEIROZ Kaliandra Torres de , NOVAES Tatiane Fernandes , IMPARATO José Carlos Pettorossi , COSTA Giovani Pinto da , BONINI Gabriela Cunha
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACT Ectodermal dysplasia refers to a hereditary disease that affects the structures derived from the ectoderm. A key feature of this syndrome is multiple missing teeth and teeth with conical shape, affecting the primary and permanent dentition. The pathognomonic facial features make patients very similar to each other. This study aims to report a case in which a 10 years old patient was diagnosed with ectodermal dysplasia during a dental visit; we also discussed the participation of dentists in the diagnostic process of the disease. Caregivers sought dental care, anxious due to several not erupted teeth, and agenesis was confirmed after the panoramic radiograph. Clinically, dry skin, hair and sparse hair, deformed and brittle nails and nose in a “saddle” also called to attention, pointing to a case of ectodermal dysplasia suspect. Thus, the patient and her household were directed to seek medical advice, confirming the diagnosis of the syndrome that supposedly also reached other family members. Since then, the rehabilitation of the patient involved a multidisciplinary treatment planning for prosthetic rehabilitation to treat the agenesis, psycho-pedagogical care support and medical intervention for treatment of hyperopia framework present. The intra-oral characteristics are the primary factors justifying the knowledge of ectodermal dysplasia by dentists, especially the pediatric dentist, who is often the first to diagnose the disease due to the complaint of agenesis reported by parents or patients.
Perspectivismo y Cartografía Social: aportes a la educación comparada
Authors: Gorostiaga Jorge M.
Published: July 2017

Resumen: Este artículo argumenta que un enfoque perspectivista provee una forma de comparación (el análisis de semejanzas, diferencias e interrelaciones entre distintas perspectivas) que aporta una herramienta valiosa para el estudio de problemas de la educación. En particular, se discuten las características metodológicas de la cartografía social y cómo se inscribe en los debates del campo de la educación comparada. Además, se ilustra su aplicación a problemas de política educativa desde una perspectiva comparada y en el contexto latinoamericano, haciendo foco en una investigación que analizó el debate intertextual sobre la relación entre globalización y reforma educativa en la región en el período 1996-2008.
Comparing Policies in a Globalizing World: methodological reflections
Authors: Robertson Susan , Dale Roger
Published: July 2017

Abstract: This paper explores the methodological challenges in comparing education policies in a globalizing world. It will be developed in the following ways. We begin with sketching out the contours of the changes that have taken place in the governance of education systems as a result of global processes and the challenges to presents us with regarding how we study, and compare, education policies. We do this by way of four ‘isms’ which we problematise as litmusses of global educational change. We then raise the question of comparison, and point to two conflicting ways that it can be used in studying education policy. In the final section of the paper we offer three (not exhaustive) methodological reflections - each with a different dimension through which to explore global education processes - time, space, and logics of governing in education policymaking.
Interculturalidad y Educación en Argentina desde una Perspectiva Comparativa
Authors: Novaro Gabriela , Padawer Ana , Borton Laureano
Published: July 2017

Resumen: En este artículo ponemos en relación dos investigaciones, una desarrollada en aldeas mbya guaraníes del noreste de Argentina, otra, en una localidad cercana a Buenos Aires habitada por migrantes provenientes de Bolivia. A pesar de las diferencias, en ambos casos se trata de colectivos en situación de desplazamiento y pobreza, que apuestan por la continuidad identitaria y advierten profundas discontinuidades en la transmisión generacional. Centrándonos en espacios familiares y comunitarios reconstruimos los significados de prácticas que se transmiten a los niños y jóvenes fuertemente vinculadas a los procesos de identificación. Advertimos las tensiones entre estas prácticas y expectativas educativas y los mandatos escolares vigentes.
Normative need for orthodontic treatment and perception of the need for such treatment among Brazilian adolescents
Authors: Monteiro Ana Karla de Almeida Pinto , Sarmento Dmitry José de Santana , Pinto-Sarmento Tássia Cristina de Almeida , Diniz Michele Baffi , Granville-Garcia Ana Flávia , Duarte Danilo Antônio
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the normative need for orthodontic treatment and the perception of such need among students aged 11-14 years. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 346 students, randomly selected from public and private schools. The Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI) was used to evaluate the normative need for orthodontic treatment (NNOT). The perceived need for treatment among students was assessed by a previously validated questionnaire. Data was analyzed by Pearson’s Chi-squared test (α = 5%). Results: The prevalence of malocclusion and NNOT was 65.6%. Of the sample, 73.7% felt they needed treatment, 66.2% wanted orthodontic treatment and 62.7% were satisfied with their dental aesthetics. A statistically significant association was observed between NNOT and the perception of the need for treatment among the students (p < 0.001). Conclusion: The present study demonstrated a high prevalence of malocclusion, which was reflected in the high normative need for orthodontic treatment. The opinion of patients regarding their expectations of orthodontic treatment should be valued. The students perceived a need for orthodontic treatment.
Fracture strength of orthodontic mini-implants
Authors: Assad-Loss Tatiana Feres , Kitahara-Céia Flávia Mitiko Fernandes , Silveira Giordani Santos , Elias Carlos Nelson , Mucha José Nelson
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACT Objective: This study aimed at evaluating the design and dimensions of five different brands of orthodontic mini-implants, as well as their influence on torsional fracture strength. Methods: Fifty mini-implants were divided into five groups corresponding to different manufactures (DEN, RMO, CON, NEO, SIN). Twenty-five mini-implants were subjected to fracture test by torsion in the neck and the tip, through arbors attached to a Universal Mechanical Testing Machine. The other 25 mini-implants were subjected to insertion torque test into blocks of pork ribs using a torquimeter and contra-angle handpiece mounted in a surgical motor. The shape of the active tip of the mini-implants was evaluated under microscopy. The non-parametric Friedman test and Snedecor’s F in analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to evaluate the differences between groups. Results: The fracture torque of the neck ranged from 23.45 N.cm (DEN) to 34.82 N.cm (SIN), and of the tip ranged from 9.35 N.cm (CON) to 24.36 N.cm (NEO). Insertion torque values ranged from 6.6 N.cm (RMO) to 10.2 N.cm (NEO). The characteristics that most influenced the results were outer diameter, inner diameter, the ratio between internal and external diameters, and the existence of milling in the apical region of the mini-implant. Conclusions: The fracture torques were different for both the neck and the tip of the five types evaluated. NEO and SIN mini-implants showed the highest resistance to fracture of the neck and tip. The fracture torques of both tip and neck were higher than the torque required to insert mini-implants.
Three-dimensional evaluation of mandibular anterior dental crowding in digital dental casts
Authors: Fernandes Luciana Quintanilha Pires , Nunes Livia Kelly Ferraz , Alves Luana Santos , Ribeiro Felipe de Assis Carvalho , Capelli Júnior Jonas
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACT Introduction: Digital dental models provide a more accurate and comprehensive assessment of orthodontic cases. Although this technique is quite promising, there are few three-dimensional measurements methods described in the literature. Objective: The aim of this study was to propose a method for assessing the degree of mandibular anterior dental crowding in the three planes of space, using digital dental models. Methods: Thirty dental casts were selected and scanned by Maestro 3D Dental Scanner and imported by Geomagic Qualify 2013 software. The degree of crowding was calculated by two examiners, based on the Little’s Irregularity Index, by means of the definition of axial, coronal and sagittal planes for each model. Intraexaminer analysis was performed with Dahlberg’s Formula (DF) and Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICC), and interexaminer analysis was performed with ICC and paired t-test. Results: The ICC showed an excellent agreement (p < 0.05) for all measurements, except for the intraexaminer and interexaminer in the Z-axis, in which it was found a moderate agreement. The DF showed a satisfactory accuracy with all measurements showing less than 1 mm difference. The paired t-test showed statistical difference between the examiners in two measurements, although it was clinical irrelevant. Conclusion: When comparing the three planes of space, the Z-axis showed the greatest variation in landmarks placement; however, overall, the present method seems precise and reproducible.
Impact of rapid maxillary expansion on nasomaxillary complex volume in mouth-breathers
Authors: Cappellette Jr. Mario , Alves Fabio Eduardo Maiello Monteiro , Nagai Lucia Hatsue Yamamoto , Fujita Reginaldo Raimundo , Pignatari Shirley Shizue Nagata
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the volumetric changes that occur in the nasomaxillary complex of mouth-breathing patients with transverse maxillary deficiency subjected to rapid maxillary expansion (RME). Methods: This was a controlled, prospective intervention study involving 38 mouth-breathing patients presenting with transverse maxillary deficiency, regardless of malocclusion type or race. Twenty-three of them comprised the experimental group, which was composed of 11 (47.8%) boys, and 12 (52.2%) girls, with a mean age of 9.6 years, ranging from 6.4 to 14.2 years and standard deviation of 2.3 years; and 15 of them comprised the control group, composed of 9 (60%) boys and 6 (40%) girls with an mean age of 10.5 years, ranging from 8.0 to 13.6 years, and standard deviation of 1.9 years. All patients were scanned (CT) according to a standard protocol: Initial CT (T1), and CT three months thereafter (T2), and the patients in the experimental group were treated with RME using a Hyrax expander for the correction of maxillary deficiency during the T1-T2 interval. The CT scans were manipulated using Dolphin® Imaging version 11.7 software for total and partial volumetric assessment of the nasomaxillary complex. Results: The results revealed that in the experimental group there was a significant increase in the size of the structures of interest compared to the control group, both in general aspect and in specific regions. Conclusions: Rapid maxillary expansion (RME) provided a significant expansion in all the structures of the nasomaxillary complex (nasal cavity, oropharynx, right and left maxillary sinuses).
Relationship between dental calcification and skeletal maturation in a Peruvian sample
Authors: Lecca-Morales Rocío M. , Carruitero Marcos J.
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACT Objective: the objective of the study was to determine the relationship between dental calcification stages and skeletal maturation in a Peruvian sample. Methods: panoramic, cephalometric and carpal radiographs of 78 patients (34 girls and 44 boys) between 7 and 17 years old (9.90 ± 2.5 years) were evaluated. Stages of tooth calcification of the mandibular canine, first premolar, second premolar, and second molar and the skeletal maturation with a hand-wrist and a cervical vertebrae method were assessed. The relationships between the stages were assessed using Spearman’s correlation coefficient. Additionally, the associations of mandibular and pubertal growth peak stages with tooth calcification were evaluated by Fisher’s exact test. Results: all teeth showed positive and statistically significant correlations, the highest correlation was between the mandibular second molar calcification stages with hand-wrist maturation stages (r = 0.758, p < 0.001) and with vertebrae cervical maturation stages (r = 0.605, p < 0.001). The pubertal growth spurt was found in the G stage of calcification of the second mandibular molar, and the mandibular growth peak was found in the F stage of calcification of the second molar. Conclusion: there was a positive relationship between dental calcification stages and skeletal maturation stages by hand-wrist and cervical vertebrae methods in the sample studied. Dental calcification stages of the second mandibular molar showed the highest positive correlation with the hand-wrist and cervical vertebrae stages.
Formação para o Apoio Matricial: percepção dos profissionais sobre processos de formação
Authors: Oliveira Mônica Martins de , Campos Gastão Wagner de Sousa
Published: July 2017

Resumo: O artigo tem como objetivo principal analisar a percepção dos profissionais acerca de processos de formação que os auxiliem na realização do apoio matricial. A pesquisa ocorreu em Campinas (SP). Foram realizados dois movimentos investigativos: etapa exploratória (quantitativa) com 206 profissionais e pesquisa qualitativa, utilizando a técnica de grupo focal, com uma amostra intencional. Os participantes destacaram sua insatisfação com a ausência de formação sistemática para o apoio e a associaram ao escasso investimento que tem sido feito no Apoio Matricial no município. Eles percebem que a formação poderia ajudá-los a aprimorar o trabalho interdisciplinar e o cuidado ofertado, desde que o modelo pedagógico privilegie a reflexão sobre a prática.
Representação social de mães sobre alimentação e uso de estimulantes do apetite em crianças: satisfação, normalidade e poder
Authors: Ramos Diego Carneiro , Coelho Thereza Christina Bahia
Published: July 2017

Resumo: Este estudo teve como objetivo identificar as representações sociais elaboradas por mães sobre o apetite dos filhos e os medicamentos utilizados para modificá-lo. A abordagem qualitativa desta pesquisa empregou como suporte a teoria das representações sociais. Por meio de entrevistas realizadas com 15 mães que administraram em seus filhos medicamentos para estimular o apetite, foi possível identificar uma insatisfação materna com o volume habitual e seletividade de alimentos ingeridos por seus filhos. Essas foram as principais razões para o uso de medicamentos. Outras razões que encontram espaço são o desenvolvimento da criança, com ganho de massa corpórea, além da vontade de regular as horas em que a criança deveria comer. Esses resultados apontam para a importância das representações sociais maternas sobre a percepção corporal, papel dos alimentos e medicamentos nas práticas do cuidado alimentar infantil.
Cartografia do cuidado em saúde mental no encontro entre agente comunitário de saúde e usuário
Authors: Samudio Jania Lurdes Pires , Martins Ana Clara de Freitas Dias Costa , Brant Letícia Carneiro , Sampaio Cristina
Published: July 2017

Resumo: O estudo mapeou parte da produção de cuidado em saúde mental que acontece no encontro entre Agente Comunitário de Saúde (ACS) e usuário na Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS). A metodologia utilizada foi a cartografia, fundamentada na esquizoanálise, teoria filosófica de Gilles Deleuze e Félix Guattari, cujo interesse é mapear as linhas de força que conectam o objeto de estudo. Para a captura da produção de cuidado, realizaram-se grupos focais com ACS de equipes de Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF) de Montes Claros-MG. Como resultado, verificam-se deslocamentos no cuidado dos ACS, quando, saindo das linhas duras “profissionais psi cuidam” e “cuidar sem se envolver”, são atravessados por linhas maleáveis e de fuga, “oferecer escuta” e “pensar sobre o encontro com o usuário”; contudo, há reterritorialização por nova linha dura: “escutar não basta”. Aponta-se a potencialidade do ACS no cuidado em saúde mental na APS: um trabalhador aberto à invenção de sua subjetividade e à Reforma Psiquiátrica. Para tal, são necessários agenciamentos que contribuam para novas formas de cuidado em seu território de trabalho, dando-lhes visibilidade e reconhecimento.
Sociabilidades “positivas” em rede: narrativas de jovens em torno do HIV/Aids e suas tensões cotidianas
Authors: Silva Luís Augusto Vasconcelos da , Duarte Filipe Mateus , Rios Alves Netto Gilberto
Published: July 2017

Resumo: A partir de uma pesquisa qualitativa sobre sociabilidades de jovens vivendo com HIV/Aids, este artigo pretende trazer algumas reflexões sobre o lugar e importância das novas redes sociais para esse grupo, destacando alguns conflitos, dilemas e tensões cotidianas em torno da doença. Entre os anos de 2012 e 2015, foram identificados e acompanhados grupos de discussão online e redes sociais que agregam pessoas vivendo com HIV/Aids. Neste artigo, através da observação participante e entrevistas semiestruturadas online, destacamos a existência de grupos de suporte online construídos por pessoas vivendo com HIV/Aids, com o objetivo de obterem informação, conselho e apoio, ainda que, para além de seu suporte emocional e de informação, possam reproduzir valores morais. Destaca-se que as biotecnologias têm propiciado novos tipos de sociabilidades e organização social, produzidos a partir de critérios de saúde e características biológicas (somáticas). Novas formas de “mobilização social” estão sendo também viabilizadas através da internet: novos engajamentos e sentidos de pertencimento que parecem ser mais transitórios, pessoais, difusos ou “líquidos”. Por sua vez, essas novas formas de sociabilidade mostram também as múltiplas formas de viver com HIV/Aids.
An analysis of articles on qualitative studies conducted by doctors published in scientific journals in Brazil between 2004 and 2013
Authors: Taquette Stella Regina , Minayo Maria Cecília
Published: July 2017

Abstract: We analyzed articles on studies carried out by doctors using qualitative methods. A literature search of articles published on the SciELO Brazil database between 2004 and 2013 was performed using the following keywords: qualitative research, interview, focus group, participant observation, content analysis, discourse analysis, social representation, and dialectical hermeneutics. The texts were analyzed using a theoretical framework based on the qualitative research review guidelines (RATS). Articles were grouped into the following categories: consistent, not very consistent, and inconsistent. A total of 135 articles were selected from 28 journals. The majority (64.4%) were considered consistent. The main weaknesses found were: lack of information on methodological path; superficial and descriptive analysis without reference to relevant literature; conclusions that did not advance beyond common sense; decontextualized results, and lack of study limitations. We concluded that the majority of the articles had scientific validity and suggest that journals covering the health field should provide specific norms for articles produced from qualitative studies.
Isaias Alves e as aproximações entre a psicologia educacional e a educação matemática
Authors: Rabelo Rafaela Silva
Published: July 2017

Resumo Partindo do relatório de viagem aos Estados Unidos do educador baiano Isaias Alves, o presente artigo tem como objetivo explorar as aproximações entre a psicologia educacional e a educação matemática na década de 1930, e de que forma a primeira promoveu a circulação de teorias/autores na última, principalmente no que diz respeito ao intercâmbio entre Brasil e Estados Unidos. Enquanto aproximação teórico-metodológica, alguns dos conceitos operados são apropriação, circulação (de ideias/objetos/sujeitos) e discurso autorizado, com base em autores como Roger Chartier (1990, 2002, 2009), Serge Gruzinski (2001a, 2001b) e Michel de Certeau (2012). Além do relatório de viagem, outras fontes mobilizadas foram publicações de Isaias (livros e artigos), programas de ensino dos Institutos de Educação do Rio de Janeiro e de São Paulo, manuais pedagógicos e jornais disponíveis no acervo da Hemeroteca Digital da Biblioteca Nacional. Entre as constatações, percebe-se que o relatório de viagem de Isaias Alves deu visibilidade às discussões e publicações do psicólogo estadunidense Edward Lee Thorndike voltadas à educação matemática. Ainda, que o diálogo estabelecido entre a psicologia educacional e a educação matemática estava fortemente vinculado às discussões sobre testes e que a forma como Isaias Alves lia e dava a ler a educação matemática ocorria a partir do viés psicológico.
Intelligent Peer Networks for Collaborative Web Search
Authors: Menczer Filippo , Wu Le‐Shin , Akavipat Ruj
Published: July 2017

Collaborative query routing is a new paradigm for web search that treats both established search engines and other publicly available indexes as intelligent peer agents in a search network. The approach makes it transparent for anyone to build his or her own (micro) search engine by integrating established web search services, desktop search, and topical crawling techniques. The challenge in this model is that each of these agents must learn about its environment—the existence, knowledge, diversity, reliability, and trustworthiness of other agents—by analyzing the queries received from and results exchanged with these other agents. We present the 6S peer network, which uses machine‐learning techniques to learn about the changing query environment. We show that simple reinforcement learning algorithms are sufficient to detect and exploit semantic locality in the network, resulting in efficient routing and high‐quality search results. A prototype of 6S is available for public use and is intended to assist in the evaluation of different AI techniques employed by the networked agents.
Collective Classification in Network Data
Authors: Sen Prithviraj , Namata Galileo , Bilgic Mustafa , Getoor Lise , Gallagher Brian , Eliassi‐Rad Tina
Published: July 2017

Many real‐world applications produce networked data such as the worldwide web (hypertext documents connected through hyperlinks), social networks (such as people connected by friendship links), communication networks (computers connected through communication links), and biological networks (such as protein interaction networks). A recent focus in machine‐learning research has been to extend traditional machine‐learning classification techniques to classify nodes in such networks. In this article, we provide a brief introduction to this area of research and how it has progressed during the past decade. We introduce four of the most widely used inference algorithms for classifying networked data and empirically compare them on both synthetic and real‐world data.
The Seventeenth International Conference on Automated Planning and Scheduling (ICAPS‐07)
Authors: Boddy Mark , Fox Maria , Thiébaux Sylvie
Published: July 2017

The Seventeenth International Conference on Automated Planning and Scheduling (ICAPS‐07) was held in Providence, Rhode Island, in September 2007. It covered the latest theoretical and practical advances in planning and scheduling. The conference was collocated with the Thirteenth International Conference on Principles and Practice of Constraint Programming (CP‐07). The program consisted of tutorials, workshops, system demonstrations, a doctoral consortium, and three days of technical presentations mostly in parallel sessions. ICAPS‐07 also hosted the second edition of the International Competition on Knowledge Engineering for Planning and Scheduling. This report describes the conference in more detail.
Preferences in Interactive Systems: Technical Challenges and Case Studies
Authors: Peintner Bart , Viappiani Paolo , Yorke‐Smith Neil
Published: July 2017

Interactive artificial intelligence systems employ preferences in both their reasoning and their interaction with the user. This survey considers preference handling in applications such as recommender systems, personal assistant agents, and personalized user interfaces. We survey the major questions and approaches, present illustrative examples, and give an outlook on potential benefits and challenges.
Planning with Preferences
Authors: Baier Jorge A. , McIlraith Sheila A.
Published: July 2017

Automated planning is a branch of AI that addresses the problem of generating a set of actions to achieve a specified goal state, given an initial state of the world. It is an active area of research that is central to the development of intelligent agents and autonomous robots. In many real‐world applications, a multitude of valid plans exist, and a user distinguishes plans of high quality by how well they adhere to the user's preferences. To generate such high‐quality plans automatically, a planning system must provide a means of specifying the user's preferences with respect to the planning task, as well as a means of generating plans that ideally optimize these preferences. In the last few years, there has been significant research in the area of planning with preferences. In this article we review current approaches to preference representation for planning as well as overviewing and contrasting the various approaches to generating preferred plans that have been developed to date.
Using Game Theory for Los Angeles Airport Security
Authors: Pita James , Jain Manish , Ordóñez Fernando , Portway Christopher , Tambe Milind , Western Craig , Paruchuri Praveen , Kraus Sarit
Published: July 2017

Security at major locations of economic or political importance is a key concern around the world, particularly given the threat of terrorism. Limited security resources prevent full security coverage at all times, which allows adversaries to observe and exploit patterns in selective patrolling or monitoring; for example, they can plan an attack avoiding existing patrols. Hence, randomized patrolling or monitoring is important, but randomization must provide distinct weights to different actions based on their complex costs and benefits. To this end, this article describes a promising transition of the latest in multiagent algorithms into a deployed application. In particular, it describes a software assistant agent called AR MOR (assistant for randomized monitoring over routes) that casts this patrolling and monitoring problem as a Bayesian Stackelberg game, allowing the agent to appropriately weigh the different actions in randomization, as well as uncertainty over adversary types. ARMOR combines two key features. It uses the fastest known solver for Bayesian Stackelberg games called DOBSS, where the dominant mixed strategies enable randomization; and its mixed‐initiative‐based interface allows users occasionally to adjust or override the automated schedule based on their local constraints. ARMOR has been successfully deployed since August 2007 at the Los Angeles International Airport (LAX) to randomize checkpoints on the roadways entering the airport and canine patrol routes within the airport terminals. This article examines the information, design choices, challenges, and evaluation that went into de signing ARMOR.
Optimal Crop Selection Using Multiobjective Evolutionary Algorithms
Authors: Brunelli Ricardo , von Lücken Christian
Published: July 2017

Farm managers have to deal with many conflicting objectives when planning which crop to cultivate. Soil characteristics are extremely important when determining yield potential. Fertilization and liming are commonly used to adapt soils to the nutritional requirements of the crops to be cultivated. Planting the crop that will best fit the soil characteristics is an interesting alternative to minimize the need for soil treatment, reducing costs and potential environmental damages. In addition, farmers usually look for investments that offer the greatest potential earnings with the least possible risks. Regarding the objectives to be considered, the crop‐selection problem may be difficult to solve using traditional tools. Therefore, this work proposes an approach based on multiobjective evolutionary algorithms to help in the selection of an appropriate cultivation plan considering five crop alternatives and five objectives simultaneously.