bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of Suitable Water Harvesting Site Modelling and Suggest Corresponding Structure in Pastoral Community to Alleviate Water Scarcity: in Harorais Catchment, Somali Region, Jigjiga, Ethiopia
Authors: Walie Wondimu , Abebe Tesfu , Woldie Freyesus
Published: December 2023

The present study aims to identify suitable zones for water harvesting structures in Harorais Catchment by using a Geographic Information System (GIS) and Multi Criteria Evaluation (MCE). Multi-criteria evaluation is carried out in the Geographic Information system to help the decision-makers in determining suitable areas for water harvesting structures. Different layers that were taken into account for multi-criteria evaluation were; soil texture, slope, mean annual rainfall (2008–2019), land use/cover, mean annual runoff, infiltration rate, elevation, and evapotranspiration. A weighted overlay analysis (AHP) analytical method is applied to obtain a layer showing suitable areas for rainwater harvesting structures by rank. Hence, the Catchment is categorized as less suitable, moderately suitable, optimally suitable, and highly suitable. Accordingly, it was found that a small portion of about 0.36Km2 (1.41%) of the basin was highly suitable, 14.68Km2 (56.53%) moderately suitable, 6.93 Km2 (26.69%) optimally suitable and 3.99Km2 (15.37%) is less suitable from water harvesting suitability map. The suitable areas’ layer is integrated further with other structural considerations layers to determine spatial positioning for each rainwater harvesting structure. Finally, 8, 16, 20, and 21 locations in the entire Catchment are suitable and proposed for check dams, percolation tanks, farm ponds, and storage tanks respectively.
Assessing the Effects of Enriched Artemia franciscana Supplementation with Various Oil Emulsions on Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus): Behavior, Survival, Growth Performance, and Immune Response
Authors: Zidan Emad M. , Goma Amira A. , Tohamy Hossam G. , Shukry Mustafa , Naiel Mohammed A. E.
Published: December 2023

The utilization of live feed in larval nutrition has significantly advanced aquaculture by enhancing the nutritional status, growth rate, and reducing mortality in aquatic animals. Among the commonly used live feeds, Artemia is widely recognized for its importance in both research and aquaculture. This study aimed to investigate the impact of supplementing Nile tilapia with enriched Artemia franciscana using different oil emulsions on their behavior, survival, growth performance, and immune response. Four hundred Nile tilapia fingerlings were randomly assigned into 4 equal groups and acclimatized for a period of fifteen days. The first group served as the control and received unenriched Artemia franciscana (G0), while the remaining three groups were fed Artemia franciscana diets enriched with different oil resources: soybean oil (G1), sesame oil (G2), and rice bran oil (G3). Behavioral observations were recorded during the 45-day experimental period. At the conclusion of the trial, the biochemical composition and fatty acid content of both Artemia and fingerlings were analyzed. Furthermore, the growth performance, survival, and immune response of the fingerlings were evaluated. The results indicated noticeable improvements in behavioral measurements, performance, survival, and immune response among fingerlings supplemented with enriched Artemia, particularly those enriched with soybean oil. Additionally, the chemical composition and fatty acid content of both Artemia and fingerlings were significantly enhanced when oil emulsions are used, with soybean oil demonstrating the most prominent improvements. In conclusion, supplementing Nile tilapia larvae with enriched Artemia using a soybean oil emulsion is recommended to stimulate high performance, immune activity, and survival. This study highlights the potential benefits of incorporating different oil emulsions in Artemia franciscana supplementation strategies for optimizing the rearing of Nile tilapia in aquaculture.
Establishment and application of a method for the detection of ochratoxin A based on screen-printed electrodes and diazo- functionalised immunosensors
Authors: Wang Xin , Zhao Xiaolei , Song Xinyi , He Jinxing
Published: December 2023

Ochratoxin A is a toxic metabolite commonly found in cereals and animal feeds, causing not only economic losses in the trade of agricultural products, but also potential hazards to human health. In this study, An electrochemical immunosensor for the rapid detection of OTA using anti-OTA antibodies and diazonium-functionalized screen-printed electrodes was proposed. 4-aminobenzoic acid was attached to the electrode surface, followed by activation of the carboxyl groups on the electrode surface with carbodiimide, and finally the antibody was attached to the diazo layer. Subsequently, bovine serum protein (BSA) was used as a sealer to prevent the non-specific antigen from binding to the antibody. The performance of the sensors was evaluated by cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and differential pulse voltammetry. The sensor has high specificity and sensitivity, and good linear responses in the range of 20–200 ng/mL, limit of detection of 0.5 ng/mL, and good recoveries of 90.54–100.92% in in spiked samples were obtained. The sensor can be stored at 4℃ for half a month and has high stability, with current response variation of no more than 4.62%.
Effect of perioperative blood transfusion on complications following emergency non-trauma laparotomy in Mulago hospital: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Egbe Flavius Ebaisem , Mbiine Ronald , Okello Michael , Iranya Richard Newton , Okeny Paul
Published: December 2023

Background
Blood transfusion may be required in the management of patients undergoing emergency non-trauma laparotomy. However, several retrospective cohort studies involving patients undergoing elective laparotomies have identified blood transfusion as a significant predictor of postoperative infections and mortality, but no study has explored such an association in our setting. We aimed to determine the effect of perioperative blood transfusion on the 30-day risk of surgical site infections and mortality among patients undergoing emergency non-trauma laparotomy in a large urban tertiary hospital in a low resource setting.
Methods
This was a prospective cohort study. We recruited 160 adult patients admitted to the general surgery wards 48 hours following emergency non-trauma laparotomy and grouped them based on transfusion-exposure and non-exposure. Independent variables including perioperative blood transfusion and confounders were recorded on entry while dependent variables including the presence or absence of surgical site infection and mortality were obtained over a 30-day follow up period. Data were analysed using EPI INFO version 7, SPSS version 29 & Stata version 14.
Results
All 160 participants recruited, 28 (17.5%) transfused (exposed) and 132 (82.5%) not transfused (non-exposed), were included in the final analysis. Transfusion exposure (RR, 7.81; 95% CI, 2.58–23.63; p = 0.0003) and preoperative leucocytosis/leucopoenia (RR, 2.19; 95% CI, 1.04–4.65; p = 0.040) were identified as independent risk factors for SSI after multivariate logistic regression analysis adjusted for confounders including preoperative anaemia, young-to-middle aged adults, cloudy/purulent/feculent exudate, gut perforation diagnosis, female sex and registrar-led surgical team. Furthermore, transfusion exposure (HR, 3.36; 95% CI, 1.11–10.25; p = 0.033) and old age (HR, 5.50; 95% CI, 1.67–18.11; p = 0.005) were identified as independent risk factors for 30-day mortality after multivariate Cox regression analysis adjusted for confounders including high ASA score, immunodeficiency, cloudy/purulent/feculent exudate, bowel obstruction and high-risk procedure for bowel leak.
Conclusion
Among patients undergoing emergency non-trauma laparotomy, perioperative blood transfusion compared to no perioperative blood transfusion increased the risk of 30-day SSI by 7.81 and the risk of 30-day mortality by 3.36. Restrictive transfusion strategy and a larger multicentre prospective cohort study are recommended.
Do (some of) the tax savings derived from Profit-Shifting go to increase the compensation of the board of directors?
Authors: Castillo-Murciego Ángela , López-Laborda Julio
Published: December 2023

Taking a sample of listed non-financial Spanish companies between 2013 and 2018, this paper examines whether the artificial Profit-Shifting activity by multinationals to reduce taxes may increase the remuneration of the members of the board of directors. In addition to this main variable of interest related to Profit-Shifting, the analyses incorporate a variable that controls for companies being on the Ibex-35 stock market index, as an apparently chief determinant of the level of remuneration of directors. The results suggest that a remuneration premium exists derived from the joint effect of Profit-Shifting and being on the Ibex-35 stock market index, at least for executive directors. By economic sectors, extra remuneration coming from Profit-Shifting is found only for executive directors in energy and construction firms. Also, being on the Ibex-35 index has a positive effect on remuneration for both executive and non-executive directors in trade and services firms. The results by economic sector are seemingly correlated with the share of intangible assets by industry.
JEL: F23; H25; H26; H87; M12
Effects of Bad News on Stock Returns and Analysts’ Recommendations: The Influence of Executive Gender
Authors:   College of Management, Yuan Ze University, 135 Yuan-Tung Road, Chung-Li Dist, Taoyuan City 32003, Taiwan, Lo Huai-Chun , Chien Ching-Yuan ,   College of Management, Yuan Ze University, 135 Yuan-Tung Road, Chung-Li Dist, Taoyuan City 32003, Taiwan, Kweh Qian Long ,   School of Management, Canadian University Dubai, City Walk – Al Wasl, Dubai, United Arab Emirates, Chen Yen-Ju ,   College of Management, Yuan Ze University, 135 Yuan-Tung Road, Chung-Li Dist, Taoyuan City 32003, Taiwan
Published: December 2023

Although women are more conservative and more ethical than men, the proportion of female executives is still lower than that of men. Both Chief Executive Officers (CEOs) and Chief Financial Officers (CFOs) have strong influences in making corporate financial decisions. However, most of the literature focuses only on CEOs and ignores CFOs. Therefore, when bad news happens, it is possible that a female CEO/CFO can better alleviate the negative impact. We thus employ 4,405 firm-year observations over the period of 1996–2018, of which 680 are unique companies listed on the S&P1500 index, to examine how CEO and CFO gender influences stock returns and analyst recommendations. Our ordinary least squares and logistic regression results show that investors are pessimistic about companies led by female CEOs/CFOs, especially female CEOs. That is, when something bad happens, stock returns and analyst recommendations are worse for firms with female CEOs. Overall, this study is first to use stock returns to observe market reactions to firms with female CEOs/CFOs. In other words, the corporate remains unfriendly toward women, even those who are qualified as CEOs/CFOs
Enhancing Financial Performance and Market Acceptance Through Golden Ratio-Based Capital Structure Decisions: An Empirical Investigation in the Manufacturing and Services Sectors
Authors:   Department of Accounting and Finance, International Islamic University Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan, Khan Naveed , Zada Hassan ,   Department of Management Sciences, Shaheed Zulfikar Ali Bhutto Institute of Science and Technology (SZABIST) Islamabad 44000, Pakistan, Wong Wing-Keung ,   Department of Finance, Fintech Centre, and Big Data Research Center, Asia University, Taichung City 41354, Taiwan,   Department of Medical Research, China Medical University, Taichung City 40402, Taiwan,   Department of Economics and Finance, The Hang Seng University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
Published: December 2023

The discovery of the golden ratio and the development and the theory for the golden ratio in modern science have witnessed the use of the ratio across many fields, including business, economics and finance. However, the ratio has rarely been used in solving corporate problems, such as fundamental analysis and capital structure decisions. To bridge the gap in the literature, in this paper, we examine the role of the golden ratio in deciding the capital structure and its effect on the firm’s financial performance and market acceptance for the manufacturing and services sector listed on the Pakistan Stock Exchange for the period from 2010 to 2019. In our analysis, we find a significant association between the deviation from the capital structure and the variation of the firm’s financial performance and market acceptance by using the golden ratio. The empirical findings of this study suggest that the golden ratio is an efficient tool for measuring capital structure and is useful for firms to boost financial performance and market acceptance. In general, the findings in our paper suggest financial managers of both the manufacturing and services sectors use a 38.2% ratio of equity and 61.8% of debt at the capital structure level. To the best of our knowledge, no prior studies in the literature have examined the role of the golden ratio in deciding an optimal level of capital structure in Pakistan. Therefore, our paper has a significant contribution to the existing literature, and the empirical findings of the study are found strong and more evident for manufacturing than the services sector. Moreover, the findings in our paper also suggest managers in Pakistan apply the aforementioned percentage of debt and equity in capital structure level subject to performance measurement.
Patterns of Value Creation in Strategic Acquisitions for Growth
Authors:   Faculty of Economic Sciences, School of Finance, HSE University,  Pokrovsky Blvd. 11, Office 632, 109028 Moscow, Russia, Vinogradova Veronika
Published: December 2023

This paper extends the previous research on strategic transactions (M&A) and focuses on the analysis of the relationship between the pre-event performance of acquiring companies and value creation in strategic acquisitions for growth. It identifies the prerequisites of successful transactions and tests empirically how the key fundamental determinants of the acquiring companies influence investors’ reaction around the announcement and acquirers’ financial performance in the years after. The results of the analysis confirm that the intrinsic pre-event performance of the acquiring firm can significantly impact the outcome and profitability of strategic M&A.
Accounting Information Consistency and Audit Fees: Evidence from China
Authors:   School of Accountancy, Beijing Wuzi University, No. 321, Fuhe Street, Tongzhou District, 101149 Beijing, China, Fan Shaojun , Zhang Aikun ,   School of Communication, Tianjin Foreign Studies University, No. 60, Dagang Xuefu Street, Binhai New District, Tianjin, 300270 China
Published: December 2023

This article uses the financial data of China’s A-share listed companies from 2007 to 2020 and examines the impact of accounting information consistency on audit fees. The study finds that higher consistency is significantly associated with a firm’s lower audit fees after controlling for other factors. After the robustness test, the conclusion remains unchanged. The mechanism test finds that higher consistency reduces audit risks and thus reduces the company’s audit fees. Further research finds that the reducing effect of consistency on audit fees is significantly more apparent in companies with higher financial leverage. Overall, this article expands the research on the influencing factors of audit fees from the consistency perspective. The research conclusions have reference value for information users to use accounting information to supervise governance, improve the quality of financial statement disclosure, and reduce the company’s audit fees.
Prazer e Sofrimento no trabalho de profissionais de saúde do sistema prisional
Authors: Souza Mônica Oliveira da Silva e , Oliveira Maria Gilda Alves de , Santos Ronan dos , Tonole Renato , Cardoso Thereza Christina dos Santos Figueira , Passos Joanir Pereira
Published: December 2023

Introdução: O estudo trata de uma revisão integrativa que teve como intuito buscar nas principais bases de dados os artigos e trabalhos referentes a temática prazer e sofrimento dos trabalhadores de saúde no ambiente prisional. Objetivo: Apresentar estudos na literatura que discorram sobre a temática prazer e sofrimento no cenário prisional. Metodologia: Foi utilizada a identificação do tema, definição da pergunta de pesquisa a ser respondida e a sistematização da pergunta no acrônimo PICo. Resultados: Foram encontrados 1315 artigos desde 2012, destes foram selecionados 47 artigos para leitura na íntegra e apenas 11 foram selecionados para este artigo. Conclusão: Poucos estudam abordam a temática, de forma a desvelar a dimensão subjetiva do prazer e do sofrimento destes trabalhadores, por quais motivam eles se mobilizam para desempenhar as suas atividades, o que fica evidente, são os estudos referentes as consequências na saúde do trabalhador devido a atividade laboral nos presídios, com o desenvolvimento de transtornos como a ansiedade, o estresse, o trauma vicário, a fadiga por compaixão e o burnout.
Palavras-Chave: Prisões; Saúde do Trabalhador; Satisfação no Emprego; Sofrimento Psicológico.
An In-silico Approach to Design and Validate siRNA against Monkeypox Virus
Authors: Dhotre Kishore , Banerjee Anwesha , Dass Debashree , Nema Vijay , Mukherjee Anupam
Published: December 2023

Introduction:

The monkeypox virus has emerged as an uncommon zoonotic infection. The recent
outbreak of MPXV in Europe and abroad in 2022 presented a major threat to individuals at risk. At present, no
specific MPXV vaccinations or medications are available.

Methods:

In this study, we predicted the most effective siRNA against the conserved region of the MPXV and
validated the activity by performing molecular docking studies.

Results:

Ultimately, the most efficient siRNA molecule was shortlisted against the envelope protein gene
(B6R) based on its toxicity, effectivity, thermodynamic stability, molecular interaction, and molecular dynamics
simulations (MD) with the Human Argonaute 2 protein.

Conclusion:

Thus, the strategy may offer a platform for the development of potential antiviral RNA therapeutics
that target MPXV at the genomic level.
Therapeutic Approaches to Increase the Survival Rate of Cancer Patients
in the Younger and Older Population
Authors: Paul Tharrun , Palaniyandi Kanagaraj , Gnanasampanthapandian Dhanavathy
Published: December 2023

Various developments have been observed in the treatment of cancer patients, such as
higher survival rates and better treatment outcomes. However, expecting similar outcomes in
older patients remains a challenge. The main reason for this conclusion is the exclusion of older
people from clinical trials for cancer drugs, as well as other factors, such as comorbidity, side
effects, age-related frailties and their willingness to undergo multiple treatments. However, the
discovery of new techniques and drug combinations has led to a significant improvement in the
survival of the elderly population after the onset of the disease. On the other hand, cancer treatments
have not become more complex for the younger population when compared to the older
population, as the younger population tends to respond well to treatment trials and their physiological
conditions are stable in response to treatments. In summary, this review correlates recent
cancer treatment strategies and the corresponding responses and survival outcomes of older and
younger patients.
Thermodynamic Properties of Pyridine Based 1,3,4-Oxadiazole
Scaffolds
Authors: Godhani Dinesh , Saiyad Anwar , Mehta Umang , Parmar Kuldip , Mehta Jignasu
Published: December 2023

Background:

The present work describes the synthesis, characterization, and
thermo-acoustical parameters of binary solutions of 1-(2-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-(pyridin-4-yl)-
1,3,4-oxadiazol-3(2H)-yl)-3-(pyridin-2-yl)prop-2-en-1-one, (AS1-08) and 1-(2-(4-
methoxyphenyl)-5-(pyridin-4-yl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-3(2H)-yl)-3-(pyridin-2-yl)prop-2-en-1-
one, (AS1-12) in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF) were
estimated.

Methods:

Viscosity, ultrasonic velocity, and density methods at different solvents (DMSO
and DMF) and different temperatures (298.15, 308.15, and 318.15 K) were used during the
experimental research work.

Results:

Some acoustic parameters such as adiabatic compressibility (κs), intermolecular
free path length (Lf), Rao’s molar sound function (Rm), Van der Waals constant (b), internal
pressure (π), free volume (Vf) and solvation number (Sn) were calculated. The results obtained
were interpreted in terms of solute-solvent and solute-solute interactions.

Conclusion:

The thermodynamic and various acoustical properties were determined at
three different temperatures viz. (298.15, 308.15, and 318.15 K) at atmospheric pressure.
Likewise, the similarity between experimental results of the binary solutions was studied to
analyze how the change in the structural modification and solvent changes the values of
Gibbs energy of activation (ΔG*), enthalpy of activation (ΔH*), and entropy of activation
(ΔS*).
A Health Information Technology Protocol to Enhance Colorectal Cancer Screening (Preprint)
Authors: Baus Adam , Boatman Dannell D , Calkins Andrea , Pollard Cecil , Conn Mary Ellen , Subramanian Sujha , Kennedy-Rea Stephenie
Published: December 2023

UNSTRUCTURED

This study addresses barriers to electronic health records–based colorectal cancer screening and follow-up in primary care through the development and implementation of a health information technology protocol.
Discussion on the Basic Problems of the Development of Macroeconomic Statistical Analysis
Authors: Du Caixia
Published: December 2023

This paper mainly discusses the basic problems of the development of macroeconomic statistical analysis. First of all, this paper expounds the importance of macroeconomic statistical analysis in economic development. Secondly, it analyzes the basic problems of macroeconomic statistical analysis, including.Data quality problem, statistical method and technology problem, talent team construction problem, etc. Thirdly, countermeasures are put forward to solve these problems, in order to provide certain reference value for macroeconomic statistical analysis.
EVALUATION OF RISK FACTORS AND THEIR PROGNOSTIC VALUE IN PATIENTS WITH ISCHEMIC STROKE
Authors: CHANDRA SHEKAR K  , POLISETTI HIMA SREE , K KARTHIKEYA , KR VINAY RAJAN
Published: December 2023

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to evaluate the risk factors in patients with ischemic stroke, to find out the prognosis of ischemic stroke regarding risk factors, and to identify the patients having modifiable risk factors so that care can be taken to prevent recurrences.
Methods: This was a prospective and observational study with 100 patients with ischemic stroke. Patients were recruited from November 2017 to October 2018. NIHSS score was used to classify the severity of the stroke. The Barthel index was used to assess prognosis at the time of discharge.
Results: The mean age of the study population was 61.4±13.7 years. There was no statistically significant (p=0.28) difference in the outcome of the patients with respect to gender. There was a statistically significant (p=0.04) difference in the severity of the patients respective to gender. Among 100 patients, 55 had hypertension and the relative risk of hypertension was found to be 1.22, indicating hypertension is the most predominant risk factor.
Conclusion: Hypertension is the most prevalent risk factor in the present study. As per our study findings, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, a history of smoking, and a history of alcohol intake were the preventable risk factors, leading to severe stroke and poor functional outcome. Patients with multiple risk factors had severe stroke and poor functional outcome when compared to patients with single or no risk factors. Patients with severe stroke based on NIHSS score had the poor functional outcome.
CLINICOPATHOLOGICAL STUDY OF NON-NEOPLASTIC LESIONS OF NASAL CAVITY AND PARANASAL SINUSES IN A TERTIARY CARE TEACHING HOSPITAL
Authors: SAINI SWATI , Badyal Rama Kumari , SINGH HARPAL , BHAGAT SANJEEV
Published: December 2023

Objective: A variety of non-neoplastic lesions involving the nasal cavity (NC) and paranasal sinuses (PNS) are encountered in clinical practice. The clinical features, symptoms, and advanced imaging technique help to reach a provisional diagnosis but histopathological examination remains the mainstay of final definitive diagnosis. There is a lack of studies that exclusively cover non-neoplastic lesions of sinonasal region. Hence, this study was done with the aim of examining the clinicopathological features of various non-neoplastic lesions of NC and PNS.
Methods: The formalin-fixed specimens of polypectomy/biopsy were received with complete clinical and radiological features in the department of pathology. Routine gross examination and required number of sections were taken and stained with hematoxylin and eosin stain. Periodic acid Schiff’s was used wherever necessary.
Results: Histologically, maximum number of cases were of inflammatory polyp (IP) (57%), followed by Allergic polyp (AP) (18%) and Invasive Fungal Sinusitis-Mucormycosis (17%). Mucormycosis was found in patients who have recovered from COVID along with a steroid intake history or had diabetes mellitus or had multiple comorbidities along with COVID recovery and steroid intake.
Conclusion: Among the non-neoplastic lesion, IP is the most common lesion followed by AP. The significant number of mucormycosis cases was seen due to the ongoing COVID pandemic and liberal use of corticosteroids in the treatment.
CONTINUOUS PEDIOCIN PRODUCTION BY PEDIOCOCCUS ACIDILACTICI USING DAIRY WASTE
Authors: Mandal Barnalii
Published: December 2023

Objective: The production of pediocin by Pediococcus acidilactici has been conducted in continuous operation using dairy waste, namely whey.
Methods: Whey supplemented with yeast extract was used as growth media of P. acidilactici. A series of batch fermentation have been conducted in whey with varying concentrations (0–40 g/L) of yeast extract. A continuous mode of fermentation was performed at the dilution rate of 0.05–0.25/h. The volumetric productivity of pediocin in continuous run has also been compared with batch process. A mathematical model has been developed to explain the reactor performance for pediocin production in both batch and continuous processes.
Results: The highest specific pediocin production rate (36.8 AU mg/cell dry mass/h) and growth rate (0.41/h) were observed in batch runs using whey broth supplemented with 20 g/L yeast extract. Maximum cell growth and pediocin activity were obtained at 1.36 g/L and 2286 AU/mL in batch experiments. The highest pediocin productivity (514125 AU/h) was found in continuous mode for a dilution rate of 0.0625/h. The model was validated through well matching of simulated data with experimental ones.
Conclusion: The study should be suitable for large-scale implementation of pediocin production.
CLINICAL PROFILE AND OUTCOME OF PEDIATRIC TUBERCULOSIS IN A TERTIARY CARE SETTING IN CENTRAL INDIA
Authors: TRIPATHI BHARAT BHUSHAN , PATEL DEEPAK KUMAR , SHUKLA DEVPRIYA , JAIN ANURAG
Published: December 2023

Objective: To study the clinical profile and outcome of tuberculosis (TB) in children under 14 years of age.
Methods: It is a hospital-based cross-sectional study done in a tertiary referral center in Central India from July 2017 to June 2019. After ethical approval, 80 children (under 14 years of age) diagnosed with presumptive TB were enrolled. Those already on TB treatment or prophylaxis for more than 7 days were excluded from the study. Relevant patient details were noted on a predesigned pro forma. Routine first-line investigations for TB were done in all cases. Histopathological and specific radiology tests were done as per the site involved. Microbiological confirmation was done using microscopy, and molecular diagnosis was done by a cartridge-based nucleic acid amplification test (CBNAAT).
Results: Overall mortality was 13.8%, and 82% of them were children below 5 years of age. As per WHO criteria, 52.5% and 20% of children below 5 years of age were severely and moderately undernourished, respectively. History of contact was present in 66%; BCG scar in 91.3%; and tuberculin sensitivity test positivity in 56% of cases. Fever, cough, and weight loss were the most common presenting complaints. The majority had extrapulmonary involvement (75%), with neurotuberculosis being the most common and with the highest mortality (70%). Microbiological confirmation was possible in only 8.8% of cases.
Conclusion: It is still challenging to diagnose pediatric TB. Though newer diagnostics are now available, clinical suspicion is a valuable tool. The diagnosis of pediatric TB should thus be based on a combination of epidemiological variables, clinical suspicion, and supported by various laboratory investigations.
A CLINICAL PROFILE AND RISK FACTORS IN VENTRAL HERNIA PATIENTS: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY
Authors: HARIYANI VINAYKUMAR , PATEL DIVYANG , RAMANI JIGNESHKUMAR , RAIYANI TEJAS
Published: December 2023

Introduction: About 4% of all hernia patients admitted to the ward had ventral hernias. Obesity, wound infections, malnutrition, immunosuppression, and inappropriate suture materials or incorrect suture placement were important causative factors for ventral hernia.
Methods: This retrospective study was carried out among 50 patients of ventral hernias. Data were compiled in a pre-designed proforma using information from clinical notes, discharge summaries, and operation notes. This study excluded patients under the age of 18, those with femoral, inguinal, or posterior abdominal wall hernias.
Results: The most common subtype of ventral hernia was incisional hernia (54.0%). The most common presenting symptom was swelling only (60.0%). The most common associated risk factor was obesity (36.0%) and constipation (26.0%). About 48.0% hernia occurred following gynecological procedures (hysterectomy - 22.0%, lower segment cesarean section - 8.0%, and tubectomy - 8.0%).
Conclusion: The most common ventral hernia is the incisional hernia, which often occurs after obstetric and gynecological surgeries. Surgical site infection, obesity, and constipation increase the risk of ventral hernias.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN 0.5% LEVOBUPIVACAINE AND 0.75% ROPIVACAINE IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ELECTIVE LOWER LIMB SURGERIES UNDER SUBARACHNOID BLOCK
Authors: DIKKALA DURGASHEKAR BABU , GUNTREDDY AMAN SAI
Published: December 2023

Objective: The aim of the study was to compare the efficacy of 0.5% levobupivacaine and 0.75% ropivacaine after intrathecal administration in elective lower limb surgeries.
Methods: A prospective, randomized, controlled, and double-blind study was conducted on 100 patients undergoing elective lower limb surgeries under subarachnoid block using 0.5% levobupivacaine and 0.75% ropivacaine.
Results: Demographic characteristics of both groups are comparable. It is observed the onset of sensory blockade is earlier in ropivacaine group, Grade 4 bromage scale motor blockade onset is shorter in levobupivacaine and most of the parameters are comparable between two groups. Duration of sensory blockade is more in ropivacaine when compared to levobupivacaine. Levobupivacaine is more cardiostable with stable hemodynamic profile compared to ropivacaine.
Conclusion: Levobupivacaine is more cardiostable with stable hemodynamic profile compared to ropivacaine.
Ecocriticism in Steven Becker: A critical study of Tuna Tango
Authors: Wang Yixuan
Published: December 2023

This dissertation presents an ecofeminist analysis of an excerpt from Tuna Tango and unveils a nuanced depiction of women entrenched within patriarchal norms and subjected to the male gaze. The text's language objectifies women, prioritizing male desires, perpetuating detrimental stereotypes, and highlighting issues pertaining to consent. This revelation serves as a compelling call to scrutinize the gendered power dynamics and objectification pervasive in literature and society. Tuna Tango weaves a tapestry of environmental values that shape our perceptions of the natural world. These values underscore the importance of appreciating nature's beauty, promoting conservation, and acknowledging the ethical responsibility of environmental stewardship. They illuminate the awareness of environmental consequences and economic pressures, fostering a holistic approach that demands respect and responsibility as stewards of the Earth. The conclusion of the passage from Tuna Tango underscores the potential for women to unite and support each other when confronted with external challenges and adversity. This representation shatters gender stereotypes, emphasizing the strength of female solidarity against male-centric power dynamics. It aligns with ecofeminist principles, accentuating the agency and power derived from women's collaborative efforts and mutual support. Tuna Tango employs vivid descriptive imagery, symbolism, metaphor, and juxtaposition to artfully portray the natural world. This evocative language and imagery immerse the reader in sensory experiences and emotional connections with nature, enriching the understanding of the intricate relationship between humanity and the environment. This multifaceted portrayal illuminates the beauty, challenges, and complexities inherent in this interaction, encouraging a profound appreciation of the natural world.
Recent Advances in Transdermal Drug Delivery System (TDDS): A Review
Authors: Wadekar Mr. Shrikant Raju , Mali Miss. Anjali , Sanap Dr. Gajanan
Published: December 2023

Abstract: The transdermal route of administration has many advantages over more traditional routes of drug administration. They contain high bioavailability, lack of first-pass hepatic metabolism, stable plasma drug concns., and fact that the treatment is non-invasive. The biggest barrier to the penetration of medicinal molecules is the outer layer of the skin, stratum corneum. Thus, research to improve transdermal drug delivery (TDD) is worthwhile this layer is the area of interest. This review article is written to provide coverage commentary recent advances in TDD improvement techniques. Techniques that improve the permeability of the skin have been used developed to improve bioavailability and increase the choice of topical and transdermal drugs is a viable option. This review describes enhancement techniques based on drug/vehicle optimization, e.g selection of drugs, prodrugs and ion pairs, supersaturated drug solutions, eutectic systems, complexes, liposomes, vesicles and particles. Strengthening by changing the shell with moisturizing chemical enhancers partitioning and solubility effects affecting crustal lipid and keratin structure discussed Mechanism of action of penetration enhancers and retarders and their potential for clinical use application is described.
Stock Market Prediction Model using LSTM
Authors: Bhanuse Prof. Vijaykumar , Bansode Prasannata , Pukale Priti
Published: December 2023

Abstract: The stock market is a complex and dynamic financial system that constantly undergoes fluctuations driven by various economic, political, and social factors. Accurate prediction of stock prices is a challenging yet essential task for investors, traders, and financial analysts. The objective of this project is to design and implement an LSTM-based stock market prediction system that leverages historical market data to forecast future stock prices. The methodology involves the creation of a deep learning model leveraging LSTM layers for temporal dependency modeling, Dense layers for feature extraction, Dropout layers for regularization, and a Sequential architecture for seamless integration. The model is trained on historical stock data, incorporating essential features such as past prices, trading volumes, and market indicators. The model's performance is rigorously evaluated through back testing and out-of-sample testing using historical stock data. The results indicate the model's ability to make predictions that outperform traditional buy-and-hold strategies. This research contributes to the ongoing efforts to harness the power of machine learning and artificial intelligence in predicting stock market trends and demonstrates the potential for improved decision-making in the financial industry. It is hoped that this model will serve as a valuable resource for market participants seeking to navigate the complexities of the stock market.
Natural Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles using Leaf Extract of Guazuma Ulmifolia Lam and Analysis of its Antimicrobial Property
Authors: Hugar G Rohan , Pruthvi Dr. M. L. , Mahesh Dr. M. K.
Published: December 2023

Abstract: In the field of life science, nanoparticles are one of the leading adverse technologies. Here, the particles are seen in nanometers of 1–100 nm. In small-size particles, many useful applications are seen in the fields of medicine, pharma, agriculture, and many more industry sectors. In the present study, Guazuma ulmifolia, a member of the Malvavceae family, was a test plant. In this study, silver nanoparticles were synthesised from plant extract. Characterization using SEM, XRD, FTIR, and UV spectra confirmed the presence of nanoparticles. Silver nanoparticle sizes were measured using SEM, and the sizes ranged from 132nm to 352 nm. The XRD size of silver nanoparticles calculated using Debye-Scherrer’s equation was found to be 15.31 nm. Four drop-down FT-IR peaks were observed, which are 3369.60, 2162.44, 1643.53, and 635.04. N-H and C-I bonds were observed, and UV-Vis nanoparticles synthesised showed maximum absorptions between 300 nm to 700 nm. The sharp bands of silver nitrate nanoparticles were around 535nm for fresh leaves. The antimicrobial activity of synthesised nanoparticles against bacterial test pathogens, viz., Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Bacillus subtilis, and Staphylococcus aureus, showed significant antibacterial activity. The average percentage of inhibition of bacteria is 38.83%, 0%, 10%, and 18.5%. Antifungal activity was also observed against Aspergillus niger, Fusarium oxysporum, Penicillium atramentosum, Aspergillus flavus, and Alternaria solani. The average percentage of inhibition in fungi is 15.68%, 58.53%, 0%, 32%, and 22.2%.
Sentiment Analysis for Financial Markets
Authors: Jawale Piyush , Jawale Saahil , Ingale Dhaval , Shetty Mohit
Published: December 2023

Abstract: Predicting movements in the stock market is a novel use of sentiment analysis's growing body of knowledge. The purpose of this study is to investigate the potential of NLP for predicting stock market movements by analyzing textual data sources such as news articles, social media posts, as well as earnings reports. The research examines current approaches, applications, and difficulties in sentiment analysis by drawing on extensive surveys and reviews [1], [2]. It also investigates the use of pre-trained models in NLP and the potential biases of such models [6]. Important research findings [3], [17] suggest that NLP-based sentiment analysis models, especially those employing deep learning architectures, show promising results in financial forecasting. There are, however, several difficulties associated with these models. These include the requirement of huge datasets and the elimination of biases. This study has far-reaching ramifications. One benefit is a more nuanced comprehension of the potential and pitfalls of natural language processing for sentiment analysis in the financial markets, which is useful for both analysts and investors. Second, it provides opportunities for more study to enhance the precision and dependability of such models, which ultimately aids in the development of more steady and well-informed monetary judgements.
Pesquisas em mídias do conhecimento: educação digital e em rede numa perspectiva de educação aberta
Authors: Spanhol Fernando José , Vieira de Souza Marcio , Lopes Pereira Natana
Published: December 2023

Esse livro é reflexo do estado da arte das várias discussões e registros de trabalhos desenvolvidos pelo grupo como uma forma de comemorar e sistematizar metodologias de uma educação em rede que vislumbramos através da inspiração, pensando na inovação da educação, uma educação e ciência abertas, a importância das mídias do conhecimento, mas que precisa pensar essa inovação e a pesquisa de forma responsável e ética. Vendo a educação e a comunicação como algo prazeroso e ao mesmo tempo ágil e participativo como, por exemplo, o acesso às mídias do conhecimento, o fenômeno Mobile, o uso de jogos na educação, o pensar da sala de aula como algo diferente e inovador: utilizando metodologias ativas, aprendizagem baseada em problemas, técnicas de sala de aula invertida, ambientes virtuais de aprendizagem, aproveitando a chamada cultura maker numa perspectiva de educação aberta. Mas repensando e inovando também a partir de uma perspectiva do sistema educacional e da sociedade vista como uma rede: de poder, de gestão política e pública, de informação e comunicação, organização e conhecimento. Desafios, contextualizados na América latina e no Brasil, sem perder a perspectiva internacional, nos coloca questões chaves como: a importância da utilização das mídias sociais, do fenômeno dos Fake News, da busca das competências e alfabetização digitais, da análise crítica das mídias e da sociedade em rede e o desafio da sua democratização a partir de políticas públicas.
Estado da arte sobre a elaboração da política de fundos: a invisibilização de atores e da
disputa política
Authors: Gluz Micaela Passerino , Cara Daniel
Published: December 2023

Este artigo pretende colaborar com um novo campo de análise na pesquisa em educação. Seu
intuito é produzir um olhar cruzado sobre o processo legislativo e a incidência de atores na
construção de políticas públicas educacionais por meio de um Estado da Arte de artigos na área
da Educação classificados em revistas Qualis A1, A2, B1 e B2 (Quadriênio 2013-2016) que analisam
a formulação da política de fundos (Fundef, Fundeb e Fundeb Permanente) e a incidência de atores
sociais. A hipótese que conduziu esta pesquisa é que a análise sobre a incidência dos atores
sociais no processo legislativo é incipiente no Brasil. Apontamos como resultados que a maioria
das produções científicas da área da educação não considera a incidência de atores, e
especialmente de atores sociais externos, como um elemento relevante para a formulação das
políticas de fundos, o que prejudica a compreensão sobre como as políticas educacionais são
elaboradas, constituindo uma lacuna que deve ser preenchida.
Financiamento da Educação em Angola: análise das fontes de financiamento do ensino primário
Authors: Segundo Isildo Orlando Vinte
Published: December 2023

O presente artigo objetiva analisar as fontes de financiamento do ensino primário em Angola,
no período de 2018. Aborda também conceitos sobre o direito, a obrigatoriedade e a gratuidade do
ensino primário. Desse modo, a compreensão desse ensino constitui a base fundamental do
subsistema de ensino geral, que objetiva desenvolver e aperfeiçoar o domínio da comunicação e da
expressão (ANGOLA, 2016). Em termos metodológicos, optou-se por uma abordagem qualitativa,
através da análise bibliográfica e documental. Entretanto, os resultados neste trabalho
evidenciaram que o ensino primário em Angola é gratuito e obrigatório, nos termos da
Constituição e da Lei, embora existam limitações no âmbito da sua efetivação e que o governo
angolano é responsável pelo financiamento da educação básica, apesar de existirem apoios de
organizações multilaterais na educação angolana.
O Ensino Básico e Secundário em Portugal: expansão e financiamento nas últimas décadas
Authors: Cabrito Belmiro
Published: December 2023

Neste artigo apresenta-se a evolução de indicadores relativos ao Ensino Básico e Secundário
nas últimas décadas, nomeadamente no quadro da expansão e financiamento do sistema. Em Portugal,
a história do ensino básico e secundário, gratuito, universal e obrigatório remete-nos para a
Revolução Democrática de 25 de Abril de 1974, pelo que os dados têm em conta essa data, sempre
que existentes. No artigo, apresenta-se a evolução de alguns indicadores relativos à população
escolar e seu desempenho e ao financiamento do sistema, bem como às fontes e a abrangência do
financiamento público no período da escolaridade obrigatória. A análise dos dados mostra, por um
lado, um processo de expansão da educação decorrente da universalização do acesso à educação,
pós 1974; por outro, a continuidade de situações de desigualdade no acesso à educação, apesar
dessa universalidade; finalmente, conclui-se que o modelo de financiamento utilizado não garante
equidade.
Como é Paga a Educação na Costa Rica?
Authors: Chacón Nora González
Published: December 2023

Este artigo fará uma descrição analítica contemporânea do sistema de financiamento público
da educação na Costa Rica referente à educação pré-escolar, primária e secundária. Para isso,
foram identificadas as fontes de financiamento, cobertura, critérios de distribuição e alocação
de recursos, as assimetrias finais do processo, nas instâncias públicas que intervêm no
financiamento do Estado. Seguiu-se o texto de Stephen M. Barro (1998) como guia metodológico
para desenvolver as variáveis de análise, aplicando uma análise legal das normativas que
intervêm no processo de financiamento da educação, raciocínio este cruzado com uma análise
qualitativa que nos permitiu dar conta do nível de cumprimento do direito humano à educação.
Strategies to Succeed with Inclusion in a Diverse Learning Environment
Authors: Olaug Horverak May Olaug
Published: December 2023

Even though inclusion is a strong principle in the Norwegian educational system, there are challenges when it comes to creating inclusive learning environments. This study investigates the following: a) What challenges are there in the learning environment in primary school from a teacher’s perspective, and b) what strategies do teachers employ to address these challenges and create an inclusive learning environment? The framework for data collection in this study has been a project called SAMM: A Systematic approach to work with mastery, participation, and motivation, where a method based on health promotion theory and self-determination theory has been developed and applied. Ten teachers were interviewed, after applying a five-step method where the students identify what is important for them, success factors and obstacles, and make plans regarding what to focus on and what to do. The teachers interviewed applied the five-step method with focus on life mastery, subjects, or the social environment. A summative, traditional content analysis has been conducted, based on categories identified in a preliminary study, which investigates challenges and solutions in a diverse learning environment from a student’s perspective. The three main categories in the analysis were relational challenges, structural challenges, and individual challenges. The study concludes that it is important to work systematically and over time to create an inclusive learning environment. In line with different studies that have investigated interventions for children with behavioural problems in middle school, it is also recommended to facilitate self-regulation and choice-making to create an inclusive learning environment.