bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research on Line Selection Technology for Two-point Same-phase Ground Faults in Medium-voltage Distribution Networks
Authors: Zang Xin , Yao Yuan , Xu Biao , Qi Haixing
Published: December 2022

At present, the problematic line selection method for single phase grounding faults of the small current grounding system has been mature, but line selection method for two-point same-phase ground faults is rarely studied. For the problem that the accuracy of line selection equipment is low for two-point same-phase ground faults, a fault model is established and the fault signatures are analyzed theoretically. As the faulty line zero-sequence current is affected by more factors, it is not possible to select the line with the common line selection technology for single-phase grounding faults. By further theoretical derivation, a new method for successive judgment of faulty lines is proposed, and the correctness of problematic characteristics and the feasibility of line selection technology are verified to many different cases by simulation using the ATP simulation experimental platform.
Injection signal coding based topology identification method and system for low voltage substation
Authors: Cheng Xianming
Published: December 2022

In view of the low efficiency and low reliability of the traditional topology identification method of distribution station area, this paper proposes a low-voltage station area topology identification method based on injection signal coding. The signal transceiver terminal sends the topology identification signal, which is composed of preamble, equipment ID number and characteristic code composed of multiple groups of characteristic waves. The rest of the signal transceiver terminals judge whether it is on the same branch and the hierarchical relationship through the characteristic code, The intelligent fusion terminal finally realizes the topological relationship of the whole station area by statistics and analysis of the connection relationship and hierarchical relationship between all the branch master tables. A low-voltage distribution station area is selected to verify the topology identification method proposed in this paper. The test results show that the results obtained by this method are consistent with the real household transformer relationship, and the identification accuracy is high, which has certain engineering application value.
Control Strategy for Boost Converter Based on Adaptive Integral Terminal Sliding-mode Control
Authors: Ma Zhen , Yu Qingrui
Published: December 2022

The control system for the fixed-frequency boost converter does not consider the situation from the input voltage and the unknown load, which makes the system vulnerable to external disturbances, resulting in slow system response and large output voltage error. The state space equation of the boost converter is established by the state space averaging method, and the adaptive control rate of the load resistance and the input voltage is designed by the adaptive control, which effectively reduces the influence of the disturbance on the system output. The sliding mode surface adopts the integral terminal sliding mode surface, and the isokinetic approach law control is used to effectively reduce the influence of chattering and improve the dynamic response speed and robustness of the system. The simulation experiment proves the validity and reliability of the integral terminal adaptive sliding mode control.
Consider the distribution network fault recovery strategy with user-side involvement
Authors: Sun Xiaoguang , Geng Jianyu , Geng Bin , Liu Kai , Hou Xu , Wang Yuanzhi
Published: December 2022

With the increasing frequency of extreme weather caused by energy problems, the number of large-scale power outages caused by natural disasters is increasing, which brings greater challenges to the problem of system failure recovery. In recent years, the influx of controllable loads such as demand-side resources such as electric vehicles and energy storage equipment into the electricity market has further enriched the resources and means available for grid fault recovery. Therefore, considering the active participation of power users in the fault recovery of the distribution network, this paper establishes a controllable load model, and at the same time uses the power generation ratio to assess the direct loss of the lost power users, and then assess its importance. In the final solution, the active distribution network recovery power supply strategy with controlled load participation can be solved. Simulation analysis of IEEE33 node system shows that the proposed strategy established can make full use of the user-side demand response resources to prioritize the recovery of important loads, reduce the loss caused by power loss, and improve the recovery efficiency of the distribution network.
Research and Implementation of Power Grid Resource Information data-sharing Technology
Authors: Pei Yongji , Wang Hailong , Li Mingxia , Huang Xinlei , Geng Wanmei
Published: December 2022

To avoid the waste of power grid data resources, under the condition of ensuring data security, the design of power grid resource information data-sharing is carried out. Firstly, the security problems that may be encountered in the process of resource sharing are analyzed, and the data resources are encrypted. Then, when that data carries out information interaction between the terminal equipment and the resource sharing cent, the transfer engine is utilized to process the transferred data and transfer the transfer data. Finally, the sharing of data resources is realized by building a calculation model. The experimental results show that the designed information and data-sharing technology consumes less energy on the terminal equipment, and reduces the workload of the terminal equipment for data transmission. It is hoped that the research of this paper can further promote the research of power grid information resource data-sharing.
XIII Scientific Technical Conference on Low Temperature Plasma During the Deposition of Functional Coatings
Authors: Kashapov N F , Luchkin A G
Published: December 2022

In the city of Kazan from November 2 to November 4, 2021 on the basis of the Kazan Federal University hosted the XIII Scientific Technical Conference on Low Temperature Plasma during the Deposition of Functional Coatings.

One of the main tasks of the conference is to discuss and develop the fundamental principles of plasma deposition of functional coatings. Conference papers were presented in the following areas:

- Physics of gas discharge;

- Physical processes in low-temperature plasma when applying functional coatings;

- Thermodynamic, portable and optical properties of low-temperature plasma in coating processes;

- Interaction of plasma and high-energy ion beams with a solid;

- Combustion processes and heat and mass transfer in multiphase media;

- Dusty plasma;

- Plasma chemistry. Electrochemistry;

- Diagnostics of low-temperature plasma;

- Characteristics of coatings obtained using low-temperature plasma;

- Application of ion-plasma coatings.

Within the framework of the conference, a school for young scientists is held, lectures by leading scientists and specialists in the field of low-temperature plasma application are held.

Gas-discharge plasma is widely used in various fields of science and technology. Plasma is used in industry, medicine, ecology and is the basis of various devices and technologies, for example, it is used in the technology of applying functional coatings.

The friendly atmosphere at the XIII Scientific Technical Conference on Low Temperature Plasma during the Deposition of Functional Coatings allowed it to become an excellent platform for the exchange of experience and generation of new ideas in the field of physics and the use of low-temperature plasma.

This year, studies of gas-discharge phenomena in electrolytes, studies on the use of ultrasound to obtain metal powder in a plasma discharge electrolyte, calculations of electro-contact firing of steel powders were presented. A series of works is devoted to heat and mass transfer in multiphase media and the study of materials and coatings obtained using low-temperature plasma.

List of Organizing Committee, Scientific Committee are available in this Pdf.
Polymer Composite Materials with Dispersive Fillers Modified in a Gas Discharge
Authors: Khubatkhuzin A A , Sharifullin F S , Shaechov M F
Published: December 2022

Radio-frequency gas discharge is a universal method for modifying materials of various physical nature - from dielectrics to metals, including powders, which serve as dispersed fillers when creating polymer composite materials. The issue of creating an interfacial layer at the matrix-filler boundary is an important and urgent task, which makes it possible to obtain monolithic products without defects with improved physical and mechanical properties. The work is devoted to the study of the effect of processing various fillers in a gas discharge on the properties of composites.
Generation of an alternating current discharge in a gas-liquid flow of a copper sulfate solution
Authors: Khafizov A A , Valiev R I , Gaisin Az F , Bagautdinova L N , Gaysin F M , Sh Basyrov R
Published: December 2022

In this work, we studied an alternating current discharge in a copper sulfate solution (3% and 10%) with a distance l=150 mm between copper electrodes located inside a dielectric tube with an electrolyte at atmospheric pressure. On the basis of the obtained electrical characteristics of the discharge, a pattern of discharge generation was presented: electrolysis -breakdown - development of the discharge. Volt-ampere characteristics have a falling character, volt-second characteristics are of a direct exponential type, ampere-second characteristics are of a reciprocal exponential type. Using the fast Fourier transform, the voltage and current spectra were obtained. In the voltage spectrum, it was revealed that the voltage is little subject to fluctuations. It has been established that peaks corresponding to frequencies of 50, 150, 250, 350 Hz, etc. are observed in the current spectrum. It is revealed that the intermediate frequencies present in the current spectrum and constituting an almost continuous spectrum appear as a result of stochastic discharge-breakdown processes.
Numerical solutions of the inverse kinetic problem by the example of the oxygen yield in an alkali electrolyte
Authors: Kashapov R N , Kashapov L N , Kashapov N F , Yu Chebakova V
Published: December 2022

The article presents a solution to the problem of predicting the anode oxygen yield. The numerical algorithm developed by the authors makes possible to determine the rates of constants in electrode processes in accordance with the given experimental yield data, as well as to calculate the concentrations of substances involved in electrode processes at a specific point in time. The implementation of the method is shown as the calculation of the oxygen yield during the electrolysis of a potassium oxide aqueous solution, and it is based on the experimental data. The results of numerical studies are in good agreement with the experimental data.
Influence of substrate properties on sample preparation for investigations by methods sensitive to surface properties
Authors: Ishpaeva A A , Lyakhovich A M , Vorobyov V L , Kashapov N F
Published: December 2022

The paper considers the influence of the substrate polarity on the preparation of samples from sols for examination by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy.
Upgrade of SARAF fast beam chopper and its applications in Phase I and Phase II of SARAF linac
Authors: Kaizer B. , Shor A. , Zchut T. , Weissman L. , Perry A. , Kreisel A. , Tessler M. , Hirsh T. , Farber E.
Published: December 2022

A fast chopper system has been developed for single-bunch selection for Phase I of the Soreq Applied Research Accelerator Facility (SARAF) in Israel. Further upgrade of the fast chopper system has improved its performance by enabling single-bunch selection for protons and deuterons at a repetition rate up to 220 kHz, with bunch transmission of up to 65% and with neighboring bunch contamination of less than 15%. The upgrade included (1) the redesign of the chopper deflection plates to minimize the electric-field asymmetry and provide more effective single-bunch selection, (2) a new trigger system with better trigger time resolution and better control capabilities, (3) an upgrade of the chopper electronics to increase the repetition rate, (4) the design of the chopper machine protection system, and (5) a general upgrade of the chopper concept to allow for operation in fast and slow modes. The implemented upgrades and the performance of the upgraded system are described. In addition, examples of the first experiments using the neutron time-of-flight (TOF) technique are presented. A fast neutron TOF facility, based on the upgraded fast chopper, is planned for SARAF Phase II. The high neutron flux at SARAF Phase II combined with the upgraded fast chopper system will make SARAF competitive with other advanced neutron research facilities.
Maize genotype selection resistance to fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith) based on the degree of damaged leaf
Authors: Sebayang A , Muis A , Nonci N , Tenrirawe A
Published: December 2022

Corn as one of the world’s staple food sources has become one of the most important commodities in the world. Indonesia as one of the maize producer countries also strives to improve the quality and quantity of production by genotype varieties that are resistant to specific conditions and are resistant to various pests and diseases. At present, the very high pressure and attack of fall armyworm (FAW) that exceed the economic threshold in maize cultivation is one of the problems that need integrated management, one of which is the formation of varieties that are resistant to FAW. The purpose of this selection test was to obtain the maize genotype resistance of FAW (Spodoptera frugiperda). The research was carried out in Agricultural Technology Research and Assessment Installation, Bajeng, Gowa Regency, South Sulawesi. The total of genetic materials in this test was 13 genotypes (POP 02, POP 03, POP 05, POP 10, POP 11, POP 15, POP 18, POP 21, POP 23, POP 24, POP 26, POP 27, and POP 28) and 2 check varieties (BISI 18 and JH 37). The treatments were arranged in a randomized block design with 3 replicates. The FAW as the test insects was obtained from the environment that had been exposed to it. Observations started 4 weeks after planting (WAP) by observing the total number of damaged plants, the percentage of attacks according to the Davis scale, and the level of plant resistance. All tested genetic materials showed moderate resistance to tolerance to FAW. The highest damage percentage was in the line Pop.18 (46.26%) and the lowest was in POP 11 (7-24%) and POP. 26 (14-26%). The moderate resistant strains obtained were Pop 10, Pop 11, Pop 21, Pop 23, Pop 24, Pop 26, Pop 27, and Pop 28. The results of this study can be continued for the formation of the next generation to obtain resistant strains and can be tested for plant morphology and physiology that trigger the resistance to FAW.
Application of local microorganism solution and lime to improve soil fertility and maize yield
Authors: Yusron M , Mutmainah H , Susilawati P N
Published: December 2022

One of the problems facing in dry land area management is soil fertility. This research was aim to improve soil fertility and maize yields by applying Local Microorganisms (LoM) solution and lime. The research was carried out on dry land area in Mandalawangi Subdistrict, Pandeglang, and Cimarga Subdistrict, Lebak, Banten from June to December 2016. This field experiment was done using Randomized Block Design, where the treatments were three levels of fertilization packages, i.e. (1) 300 kg Urea + 150 kg SP36 + 100 kg KCl; (2) 300 kg Urea + 150 kg SP36 + 100 kg KCl + 1 ton manure + 1 ton lime; (3) 300 kg Urea + 150 kg SP36 + 100 kg KCl + 1 ton manure + Local Microorganism (LoM) solution. The research results show that applicaton of LoM solution and lime significantly improved soil biology. The application of lime and LoM solution increased soil respiration, where level of soil respiration was higher on the application LoM solution than lime. Application of LoM solutions significantly improved soil microbe activities, which in turn affected the maize growth and its yield. Application of LoM solution increased maize yield by 37.92%.
Egg laying and damage by fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda J. E Smith on maize variety HJ 21 at screen house
Authors: Nonci Nurnina , Muis Amran
Published: December 2022

Fall Armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is an invasive pest on maize crop in Indonesia. FAW larvae damage the young leaves, leaf whorl, anthesis stems, and corn cobs. The purpose of the study was to observe the ability of FAW female egg-laying on the HJ 21 variety and the pest damage. The experiment held in the screen house of the Indonesian Cereal Research Institute from June to October 2020. The parameters were the number of egg mass, the number of larvae per plant, and the percentage of damaged leaves. The results showed that the female started to lay the eggs at 10 (day after planting) DAP. There were four egg-laying peaks, especially in the vegetative phase, namely at 10, 13, 19, and 34 DAP with 17, 17, 18, and 15 egg mass respectively. The percentage of damage increase from 14 and 21 DAP (68.9% and 69.3%) and increased to 77 DAP with 98.4%. the observation also showed that all plants were attacked by FAW. The average number of larvae observed at 14, 21, and 77 DAT was 0.86, 0.99, and 2.71, respectively.
Exploring representations of American Agricultural Farmers and laborers: a post-colonial reading of In a Pickle: A Family Farm Story By Jerry Apps
Authors: Ferdinal
Published: December 2022

The article investigates how Jerry Apps’ novel In A Pickle: A Family Farm Story represents the lives of American farmers and laborers in Wisconsin in the 1950s and the relevant industrial issues humans are facing nowadays. The study applies an ecological approach and post-colonial perspective especially using Bill Ashcroft’s post-colonial concepts to scrutinize a variety of representations of things from neo-colonialization to surveillance in Apps’ narrative and the post-colonial issues regarding humanity, agriculture, and industry which are elicited in the story. A post-colonial analysis of the novel deals with themes such as hegemony, othering, and ecological imperialism. Through his observations and factual evidence, Apps offers his readers some historical phenomena that impacted American farming workers, especially in Wisconsin in the 1950s. In general, his novel portrays the conflicts and sufferings of workers after the industry began to penetrate their agricultural lives. Some conflicts resulting from financial failure, crop failure, and inability to meet standards imposed by industry lead them to suffer economically, socially, and culturally and to lose the capability to produce sustainable foods.
Do women produce efficiently? Empirical evidence from rice farming in Indonesia
Authors: Utami AD
Published: December 2022

Many studies have emphasized the important role of women in the agriculture sector and rural development. However, many existing empirical studies have also shown various barrier faced by women especially due to the limited access and control of agricultural resources. This study aims to analyze the productivity and technical efficiency of female farmers in Indonesian rice industry. To this end, this study using stochastic production function analysis by employing national agricultural survey data in 2014. The empirical results finds that the productivity of female’s farmer in the Indonesian rice farming has been affected by the cultivated land, the use of fertilizer and seed, as well the type of mechanization which propose different marginal productivity for each factor. Meanwhile, the average technical efficiency level is found to be at 0.645 percent. Furthermore, the level of efficiency is explained by the role of the level of education and age of the female farmers, but no effect from the farmer group membership, and participation in the farmers training program.
The potential of forest resource management at farmer groups in the Rarung forest area
Authors: Suparyana P K , Sukardi L. , Yakin A. , Amiruddin  , Sa’diyah H.
Published: December 2022

The conversion of land into agricultural land and the felling of trees in forest areas have an economic impact on the community. These activities if not managed properly will cause many problems. Poor management will cause many problems such as decreased soil fertility, erosion, extinction of flora and fauna, floods, droughts, and even global environmental changes. The purpose of this research is to analyze the economic valuation of agricultural commodities in the Rarung Forest Area. The population of this study are 3 groups of farmers in Pemepek Village, Pringgarata District, Central Lombok Regency with 54 farmers as respondents. Analysis of the data used to perform economic valuation is to calculate the Total Economic Valuation. The results showed that the Rarung Forest Area has a very large natural resource potential with a Total Economic Value of Rp.3.215.553.333,- which consists of an economic value of direct benefits amount Rp.2.925.868.333,- and the economic value of indirect benefits amount Rp.289.685.000,-. Seeing the potential of natural resources in the Rarung Forest Area, the stakeholders may be able to manage, secure, and monitor the area against all pressures and disturbances that occur.
The use of soybean and rice straw harvest waste for increasing P uptake and organic maize production in inceptisols
Authors: Sholihah Anis , Sugianto Agus
Published: December 2022

This study aimed to evaluate the potential of harvest waste (soybean and rice straw) at various doses on the efficiency of P uptake and maize yields. The study used a factorial randomized block design, the first factor being the type of harvest waste (C) two levels; C1= Rice Straw, C2= Soybean. The second factor is the dose of four levels of compost; D1 = dose of 5 tons ha-1, D2 = dose of 10 tons ha-1, D3 = dose of 15 tons ha-1, and D4 = dose of 20 tons ha-1, plus control treatment as a comparison. The results showed that there was a significant effect of the type of harvested waste compost and the dose on the parameters of plant height, leaf area, dry weight of 1000 seeds, total dry weight of plants, root uptake, crown, and total P and efficiency of P use. Treatment of soybean compost 10 tons ha-1 (C2D2) is the best treatment that can increase plant height (11.25%), stem diameter (41.38%), number of leaves and leaf area of 37.36% and 39.60%, respectively. In yield and P uptake parameters, C2D2 increased dry weight ton ha-1 (39.08%), root P uptake (258.86%), shoot P uptake (142.57%), total P uptake (158.29% ), and the efficiency P os use (12.45%). The optimum dose of straw compost was 16.76 tons ha-1 with maize yields of 5.38 tons ha-1, while the optimum dose of soybean compost was 12.85 tons ha-1 with maize yields of 5.32 tons ha-1.
Toxicity test of turmeric rhizome and lemongrass extracts against Spodoptera exiqua mortality
Authors: Mendes Johana Anike , Susanti Diana Sri , Sembiring Jefri , Badhe Hastuti
Published: December 2022

Turmeric rhizome (Curcuma longa) and lemongrass (Cymbopongon nardus) is a spice plants that are used as ingredients for making traditional medicines and have high population. The research aimed to toxicity test of turmeric rhizome and lemongrass extracts as botanical insecticide against Spodoptera exiqua mortality. Tested using four concentrations and three times repeats. The concentration for extracts same is 25 gram/ 500 ml in water, 50 gram/ 500 ml in water, 75 gram/ 500 ml in water, 100 gram/500 ml in water. The result showed the toxicity test for both extracts cause mortality 43.33% from concentration 75 gram/500 ml in water.
Contribution of cocoa shell waste as a source of energy at PT. Mars Indonesia
Authors: Pirade David , Demmallino Eymal B. , Zubair Hazairin
Published: December 2022

One of the natural resources that have almost no impact on environmental pollution is new and renewable energy that comes from sustainable natural processes, such as wind power, solar power, hydropower, biomass and geothermal. Several types of biomass waste have considerable potentials, such as wood waste, rice husks, straw, bagasse, palm shells, and municipal waste. Another potential that has not been exploited properly is cocoa shell waste. Indonesia is one of the world’s largest cocoa producers, the export volume in 2020 reached 377,849 thousand tons or worth USD 1.244 billion (Central Bureau of Statistics 2020). Production in 2020 is 720,660 thousand tons. People’s plantations are 1.49 million hectares (98.92%), private plantations are 11.56 thousand hectares (0.77%), and plantations are 4.81 thousand hectares (0.32%), with 60% located in Sulawesi. The conversion of biomass into energy can be carried out by several processes, including Direct combustion, Thermochemical conversion, and Biochemical conversion. This research was conducted to examine the use of cocoa shells as an energy source that is used directly after separation from the beans and channeled into a boiler for combustion. The energy produced from the boiler is used as a source of energy at PT. Indonesian Mars. The results showed that the level of efficiency and effectiveness, as well as the economic value was still good enough to be utilized because the cocoa shell-burning process was carried out immediately after the separation from the beans. The energy from the cocoa shell combustion process is 276.45 kg/hour of 4,146,355.17 kJ/hour or 1,151,765 kw/hour, while the ash from the combustion of 6,93038%/kg is still below the standard of SNI 01-6235-2000 i.e. < 8%, emissions from boiler combustion are Particulate Isokinetic 293,063 Mg/m3, Sulfur dioxide (SO2) 535 Mg/m3, Nitrogen Oxide (NO2) 505 Mg/m3, Hydrogen Chloride (HCl) 3,0295, Chlorine Gas (CL2) 0.0220 Mg/m3, Ammonia (NH3) 0.1660 Mg/m3, Florida Hydrogen (HF) 0.0195 Mg/m3, Opacity 12%, Reduced Sulfur (H,S) <0.03, Carbon Monoxide (CO) 9622 Mg/m3, Gas flow rate 2.64 m3/s.
The relationship of the participation of rice farmers in managing water resources to rice production during the Covid 19 pandemic
Authors: Limi M A , Fyka S A , Taridala S A A , Dewi H S
Published: December 2022

Rice food security can be realized through increased production of irrigated rice fields. Still, floods and droughts due to extreme weather and the Covid-19 pandemic can threaten food production and security. This study aimed to determine the relationship between the participation of rice farmers in managing water resources on rice production during the Covid-19 pandemic. The study was conducted during the 2020 Covid-19 pandemic in South Konawe Regency, Southeast Sulawesi Province. The research population is all farmers who are members of the water-using farmers’ association, 130 farmers. The sample will be selected using a simple random sampling method for 39 people. Variables of lowland rice farmers’ participation in water resource management include planning, attendance, provision of fees, security and maintenance of water resources and lowland rice farming production. The data were analyzed using Chi-Square analysis. The results of this study indicate that the participation of rice farmers in managing water resources on rice production during the covid 19 pandemic in the form of planning, attendance, procurement of fees, and security in managing water resources is significantly related to lowland rice production during the Covid-19 pandemic so that Partially the higher the participation of farmers in managing water resources can increase the output of lowland rice and the availability of rice is always available to maintain regional food security.
Early performance of mangrove seedlings in abandoned fishpond rehabilitation using silvofishery approach
Authors: Hidayati Eni , Himawan Mahardika Rizqi , Hiliyana Siti , Buhari Nurliah , Valentino Niechi , Salsabila Nandita Pasya
Published: December 2022

Mangrove is an essential ecosystem for climate change mitigation and adaptation. Yet, mangrove rehabilitation and restoration remain a huge challenge indicated by the unacceptably high failure rate particularly during the early stage after planting. Long-term monitoring and evaluation is one of the key factors to improve success rate. Hence, study on the seedlings’ performance is essential. This study analyzes mangrove seedlings’ health by assessing survival rate and leaf morphometrics in silvofishery sites in Buer Village, Sumbawa District, Indonesia. One-hectare plot ofRhizophora mucronataplanted on January 2020 and one-hectare plot ofRhizophora stylosaplanted on February 2020 were selected. To analyze leaf morphometrics variations, forty leaves were collected from each plot. The seedlings ofR. mucronata(CV 15%) have bigger competition and lower adaptation ability compared toR. stylosa (CV 6%). Water quality parameters supports the growth ofRhizophora, sp. The species selected is appropriate for the location (middle to upper intertidal level). The success rate is high, around 95% and 80% forR. stylosaplot andR. mucronata, respectively. Factors attributed to the high success rate are (i) hydrological intervention, (ii) ownership and buy-in, (iii) international partnership, (iv) land tenure security, and (v) regular monitoring.
The potential of processed beans in Sembalun District, East Lombok, Indonesia
Authors: Halim Barli , Ahmadi Rizal , Maryati  , Sjah Taslim , Tanaya I Gusti Lanang Parta
Published: December 2022

This research was to determine the income, added value, and feasibility of the processed bean business in Sembalun District, East Lombok Regency, Indonesia. This research used a descriptive method. Data collection techniques were questionnaires and interviews to 30 respondents of bean processors in Sembalun District, East Lombok Regency. The samples were quoted proportionally for each selected village. The data analysis methods used in this study are production costs, income, revenue, added value, and R/C Ratio. The results showed that the average production per month was 142.17 Kg. The monthly revenue received by the processed bean home industry is IDR 7,819,167, with a total income of IDR 2,744,677. The added value generated by the processed beans was IDR 5,390,350 per month (69%). The R/C ratio reached 1.54, and therefore the bean processing home industry business in Sembalun District, East Lombok Regency, is feasible. This implies that running this business is profitable and can improve the income of the bean processors, all of which can improve the food security status of their households.
Farmer household food security in two dimensions in Lombok, Indonesia
Authors: Suparmin  , Budastra I Ketut , Tajidan
Published: December 2022

Household food security is faced with two important problems, namely how to expand income sources and how to properly distribute their income for life necessities. The purpose of this study was to analyze the comparison of the distribution patterns of household income and expenditure of wetland farmers with dry land and to analyze the determinants that affect the household food security of wetland and dryland farmers in Lombok Island. The research design used a cross-sectional study with a survey method. The collected data will be analyzed using qualitative and quantitative data analysis methods. In general, the qualitative data analysis used is policy analysis (program evaluation), institutional analysis, potential analysis, and priority determination of community-level problems. Qualitative data analysis was carried out through the process of filtering data, categorizing, concluding, and retesting. Quantitative data analysis used a logistic regression model. The results of the study concluded that: The sources of income of farmers in wetlands are more varied than those of dryland farmers. Meanwhile, wetland farmers household expenditures are relatively the same as wetland farmers. The food security of wetland farmer households (90%) is better than farmer households in dryland (83.3%). Meanwhile, wetland farmer household food insecurity is lower than wetland farmer households. The distribution pattern of wetland farmer household income comes from rice, and maize cultivation, while in dryland areas, it is sourced from rice, corn, and soybean farming. Distribution patterns Household expenditure of wetland and dryland farmers is divided into expenditures for food and non-food. The factors that determine household food security in dry and wetland areas are farmer household income.
Strategy development of Citarum watershed area through corporate coffee farmers in Bandung Regency, West Java
Authors: Mardiharini M , Indrawanto C , Jamal E
Published: December 2022

As an effort to conserve the upstream Citarum watershed area in Bandung Regency, as well as to increase people’s income, the Government develop coffee plantations. The main approach through the development of coffee plantation areas as a corporate identity. In addition, a Corporate of Coffee Farmers should be involvement in its member’s coffee farming largely. This study aims to: (1) identify the potential and opportunities for the development of a corporate of coffee farmers in watershed area and (2) develop recommendations for structuring the commodity supply chain based on the direction of business development. Data was collected through Participatory rural appraisal (PRA) on coffee farmers group at the Bukit Amanah Forest Village Community Institution (LMDH), and coffee farmers group of the Margamulya Coffee Producer Cooperative in Bandung Regency, West Java. The research was conducted during August – October 2020. The results show that the development of farmer corporation institutions must begin with efforts to optimize production and post-harvest by implementing upstream-downstream innovations, developing and strengthening farming financing institutions as well as processing and marketing institutions. The supply chain structuring strategy is directed at optimizing supply chain performance which is manifested in increasing efficiency, flexibility, quality, and responsiveness to changing consumer preferences.
Government policy and political economy in relation local food security in Merauke Regency
Authors: Jalal Nur , Syahruddin  , Oja Hubertus , Purnama Erwin Nugraha
Published: December 2022

Food instability can occur a food crisis, and because of that, food security is an important factor in creating food system availability. Local food security is the most important in supporting national food security, while the national food demand has not been fulfilled. The research purpose is to analyze the government policy and politics of the economy in relation to food security by using a descriptive approach. The data interpretation technique is in the form of observation concerning the empirical condition that has happened in reality and is close to literature research. The data analysis uses data reduction, data presentation, verification, and data conclusion. The result shows that the local government policy of Merauke Regency in supporting food security through local food has not been optimum yet. For the production aspect in the early planting to the post-harvesting, the society executes it based on their experiences and tradition. Definitely, the result doesn’t mean maximum, although there is training that has been offered to them, but it doesn’t have continuity and the lack of assist system. For the trade aspect, the government has not set a market that is available to market the society’s products whereas as far as long the society only marketing their products locally. For the cultivation, aspect is not maximum yet with the exploiting of the slumber land to cultivate of local plants for production process continually. Because of that, it is necessary to have a supporting policy, which is integrated and supported by the political economy as a national area or regional area to support food security.
The impact of village-owned enterprises (BUMDES) in strengthening food security in Merauke Regency
Authors: Irianto Okto , Wati Caecilia Henny Setya
Published: December 2022

Eastern Indonesia region, especially Merauke Regency, has a variety of land, agricultural, aquatic, fauna and flora resources that can be found in this region. However, this potential has not been widely developed so that its contribution to national development is still far from optimal. By looking at the potential of the village as well as the need to improve the economy, a new approach that was launched was Village-Owned Enterprises (BUMDES). The purpose of this study was to determine the role of BUMDES in efforts to strengthen food security and identify problems and obstacles faced in the field. This type of research is qualitative research. Data collection techniques include observation, interviews, and documentation. The data collection instrument used a questionnaire sheet. The results of the study conclude that BUMDES has not had a positive impact on strengthening food security. Consistent and continuous assistance and training are needed to optimize community involvement so that BUMDES can play a positive role in food security.
Government policy and stakeholder for local food in supporting food security
Authors: Noer Elly , Siamsa Simon , Rimbayana T A K
Published: December 2022

Climate change and the growth of the world’s population, including Indonesia, have resulted in the intensive exploitation of mass food supplies. This has resulted in a shift in the consumption pattern of people who used to consume local food such as sago, tubers and bananas to switch to rice. Furthermore, dependence on rice also results in a change in land use or a shift in community forests that are intended for local plants to be reduced. Another impact of the shift in people’s consumption patterns is damage to the environment, both land and water itself. This also happened in Papua province, especially Merauke district. The purpose of this study is to analyze the government’s alignment to local food sustainability as an alternative solution to the problem of food security. The research uses a qualitative approach. The results of the study indicate that the government has taken sides in making local food more powerful but still needs support from various parties.
The contribution of the carrying capacity of dry land agriculture to the socio-economic level of farming communities in west Lombok Regency
Authors: Ayu C , Sari N M W , Wuryantoro  , Ibrahim
Published: December 2022

Sekotong District is the area with the largest dry land in West Lombok Regency with a low level of agricultural productivity, but the agricultural sector is still the main livelihood for farmers. The purpose of the study was to determine the carrying capacity of dry land agriculture and its contribution to per capita income as well as to the socio-economic level of farming families in Sekotong District - West Lombok Regency. The method used in this research is a descriptive research and data collection with survey techniques. The results showed that the carrying capacity of dry land agriculture was very low at 0.284 (less than 1.00) and the contribution of the carrying capacity to the income per capita of farmers was Rp.784.454.30/capita/year, and this indicates that the socioeconomic level of farmers are at a poor level. This per capita income, both according to the poverty criteria of Sajogjo, the Central Statistics Agency and also according to the poverty criteria of the World Bank, is still classified as very poor. This condition shows that the contribution of the carrying capacity of agricultural land in Sekotong District to the level of farmers’ welfare is very low. In order to increase the carrying capacity of dry land agriculture which can improve the welfare of farmers, it is necessary to increase production through the intensification of agriculture on the land and suppression of population growth.
Recent population size of Timor Friarbird and resources utilization at three landscapes in West Timor Island, Indonesia
Authors: Paga B , Pudyatmoko S , Faida L R W , Yuda P
Published: December 2022

The Timor Friarbird is an endemic species of Timor Island that plays an important role in forest ecosystems, agriculture and other natural environments in the semiarid region. Although classified as an endemic species and declining population, the bird is protected by Indonesian law. This study aims to assess the density, group size, and population distribution of Timor Friarbird and resource uses in three landscape at Western Timor. Distance sampling methods with transect lines was used to estimate population density and bird distribution. The highest estimated bird population density (3.31 ind./ha) in the Baumata landscape and lowest (0.15 ind./ha) in Bipolo. Individual sizes per group of 1-4 individuals in all landscapes. Utilization of distributed feed resources in the main area, secondary and low potency area. The distribution of species in the rainy season is higher found in low-lying, higher dry seasons in lowlands. High anthropogenic pressures and changes in dominant habitats in the low-lying west Timor Island contribute to the rate of population decline of this species thus impacting crop productivity and conservation efforts of this species in the future.
The use of nurseryfish meal (Kurtus gulliver) as local ingredients chicken feed
Authors: Praptiwi I I , Wahida
Published: December 2022

Kurtus gulliver fish is one of the most abundant natural resources in Merauke Regency but is not widely consumed by the community, so it can be used as a source of protein for feed raw materials. The purpose of this study was to find out the protein, fat, and fiber content of poultry feed produced using a fish meal, to be used as the basis for the development of diverse local feed raw materials. This study used a random design complete with 3 concentrations of fish meal (5%, 10%, and 15%). The parameters tested are chemical qualities. The results showed an increasing concentration of fish meal, can increase the protein and fat content at the concentration of 15%. The content of fiber increases, but it has no significant effect and is still included in the standard feed needs. Based on these results, it is known as fish meal (Kurtus gulliver), with a mixture of other local ingredients capable of complementing the nutritional needs of poultry, so that it can be developed as a raw material for poultry feed, in supporting the fulfillment of nutritional needs based on local resources. This indirectly supports the diversity of nutritious feed ingredients.
Effect of pH and acetic anhydride concentration on physicochemical characteristics of acetylated sago starch
Authors: Rahim A , Mahfudz  , Muhardi  , Kadir Syahraeni , Rostiati  , Alam Nur , Hutomo Gatot Siswo , Priyantono Eko , Salingkat Chitra Anggriani , Abdullah  , Anandar Rizki
Published: December 2022

Acetylation is a method of chemically modified starch that can be used to improve the physicochemical properties of starch. The aim of the study was to obtain the pH and concentration of acetic anhydride which gave the best effect on the physicochemical characteristics of acetylated sago starch. The study was arranged using a completely randomized design with a factorial pattern in combination with a suspension pH of 7.0; 8.0; 9.0 and 10.0 with acetic anhydride concentrations of 3%, 6%, 9%, 12% and 15% (volume/weight). The parameters of research include acetyl percent, degree of substitution (DS), water holding capacity (WHC), oil holding capacity (OHC), swelling power, solubility and degree of clarity of the paste. The results at research showed that the combination suspension pH of 8 and 15% concentration of acetic anhydride gave optimal physicochemical characteristics of acetylated sago starch. The all concentrations of acetic anhydride (3 to 15%, v/w) were acetyl percent, DS, solubility and the degree of clarity of the paste increased with the increasing. The WHC and OHC tend the decreasing with the increasing concentration of acetic anhydride. Swelling power was stable with increasing concentration of acetic anhydride.
Fecal Bacterial community and potential pathogens from Sunda Porcupine (Hystrix javanica) based on nanopore 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing
Authors: Nugroho H A , Iryanto S B , Prasetyoputri A , Wardiana A , Nuryana I , Andriani A , Fathoni A , Rizal S , Masrukhin M , Inayah N , Ningrum R A , Dharmayanthi A B , Saputra S
Published: December 2022

Sunda porcupine (Hystrix javanica) is an endemic rodent species to Indonesia. Potential zoonoses from this bushmeat is poorly studied although it has become a popular bushmeat in several regions Java Island. The aims of this preliminary study were to assess bacterial community and to observe any potential pathogenic bacteria in Sunda porcupine. A freshly defecated feces from a healthy Sunda porcupine was collected aseptically and then subjected for DNA extraction and 16S rRNA amplification before further process for DNA sequencing in the Nanopore MinION Mk1b. After analysis using EPI2ME Labs. A total 34 phyla were detected, dominated by Firmicutes (77.32%) followed by Bacteroidetes (14.23%), and Proteobacteria (3.26%). Meanwhile, more than 760 genera were observed, dominated by Bacteroides (5.88%), Romboutsia (4.64%) and Clostridium (3.99%). Nonpathogenic bacteria were dominantly observed in the sample but several potential pathogenic bacteria were also detected, including Shigella (0.01%), Plesiomonas shigelloides (0.01%), Prevotella loescheii (0.02%), Salmonella (0.002%) and Vibrio cholera (<0.001%). Although the pathogenic bacteria were detected in a very low proportion, their presence may raise a concern when fecal contamination occurred during meat processing. Proper hygiene and sanitation are critical parts of to prevent food borne pathogens transmission to humans.
Disappearance or overlooked or untouched? - A brief history of aquatic gastropods of Malaysian Borneo
Authors: Abdulla-Al-Asif  , Hamli Hadi , Idris Mohd Hanafi , Gili Carles , Arifur Rahman AFM , Kamal Abu Hena Mustafa
Published: December 2022

The aquatic gastropods (marine and freshwater) in Malaysian Borneo (MYB) have an ancient history of 255 years, while the first record was observed in 1767 by the pioneer Carl Linnaeus. Over time, many European, native taxonomists and conservationists have worked on the diverse group of gastropods in the Malaysian part of Borneo (states of Sabah and Sarawak). No previous work has been conducted to assess the historical status of this particular class of Mollusca. The study objective was to reveal the types of aquatic gastropods and the number of published research and expeditions conducted in MYB. The bibliometric analysis found 145 research publications mentioning the names of the region and reporting at least one gastropod species from this geographic region. Over the history of 255 years, a total of 559 gastropod species were reported by different research groups. Between 1767 and 1900, a total of 150 gastropod species were reported, followed by 79 species from 1900 to 2000 and 330 species from 2001 to 2022. The Grubbs test (p<0.05) identified outlier years for the reporting of gastropod species from MYB with 54 new species each in 2011 and 2020 and 39 species in 2001. Over the history of aquatic gastropod research in MYB, the taxonomists making the greatest contribution were Han Raven and his colleagues from Naturalis Biodiversity Center, The Netherlands, The Netherlands, who reported 111 new species from the region, followed by Nur Leena Wong from Universiti Putra Malaysia (54 new species). The results suggested that reporting of new species from MYB is increasing, which may reflect the many unexplored sites and suggests the existence of as yet unrecorded species in this ecoregion. In this regard further expeditions and research should improve estimates of the true number of aquatic gastropod species in this area. These results can help the regional governments in making a regional biodiversity database as well as in taking decisions regarding aquatic gastropod research and management.