bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Archaeology of Intermediation: Prolegomena on Mongol Elements in Later Byzantine Art and Material Culture
Authors: Vryzidis Nikolaos
Published: October 2023

Later Byzantine (1261–1453) diplomacy was generally characterised by pragmatism, especially in the empire’s choice of allies that could foster its political stability and mitigate its financial burdens. Among its more distant allies were the different Mongol polities that stretched from Central Asia up to the Caucasus and Eastern Europe. Despite not being immediate neighbours, the relationship between Byzantium and the Mongols was marked by intermediation, both in terms of the actors that functioned across the two realms and of the service the one could provide to the interests of the other. Within this frame, the following article will attempt a preliminary assessment of the Mongol element in later Byzantine art and material culture, and its possible use as a secondary source on this complex relationship. It will argue that while the Mongol contribution to Byzantine art and material culture was visible especially during the fourteenth century, there are instances which reveal a certain ambivalence towards it.
Impacts of Dropsonde Observations on Forecasts of Atmospheric Rivers and Associated Precipitation in the NCEP GFS and ECMWF IFS Models
Authors: DeHaan Laurel L. , Wilson Anna M. , Kawzenuk Brian , Zheng Minghua , Monache Luca Delle , Wu Xingren , Lavers David A. , Ingleby Bruce , Tallapragada Vijay , Pappenberger Florian , Ralph F. Martin
Published: October 2023

Atmospheric River Reconnaissance has held field campaigns during cool seasons since 2016. These campaigns have provided thousands of dropsonde data profiles, which are assimilated into multiple global operational numerical weather prediction models. Data denial experiments, conducted by running a parallel set of forecasts that exclude the dropsonde information, allow testing of the impact of the dropsonde data on model analyses and the subsequent forecasts. Here, we investigate the differences in skill between the control forecasts (with dropsonde data assimilated) and denial forecasts (without dropsonde data assimilated) in terms of both precipitation and integrated vapor transport (IVT) at multiple thresholds. The differences are considered in the times and locations where there is a reasonable expectation of influence of an intensive observation period (IOP). Results for 2019 and 2020 from both the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) model and the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) global model show improvements with the added information from the dropsondes. In particular, significant improvements in the control forecast IVT generally occur in both models, especially at higher values. Significant improvements in the control forecast precipitation also generally occur in both models, but the improvements vary depending on the lead time and metrics used.

Significance Statement

Atmospheric River Reconnaissance is a program that uses targeted aircraft flights over the northeast Pacific to take measurements of meteorological fields. These data are then ingested into global weather models with the intent of improving the initial conditions and resulting forecasts along the U.S. West Coast. The impacts of these observations on two global numerical weather models were investigated to determine their influence on the forecasts. The integrated vapor transport, a measure of both wind and humidity, saw significant improvements in both models with the additional observations. Precipitation forecasts were also improved, but with differing results between the two models.
Is there a rating bias of job candidates based on gender and parenthood? A laboratory experiment on hiring for an accounting job
Authors: Erlandsson Anni , Bygren Magnus , Gähler Michael
Published: October 2023

Biased practices by employers have been suggested as one possible cause for the observed gender disparities in labor market outcomes. While US-based laboratory experiments show a clear motherhood penalty in recruitment, European laboratory experiments on the topic are to our knowledge lacking. We conducted a laboratory experiment with 228 university students to study a potential gender bias in the evaluation of (fictitious) job candidates for an accounting manager position, and how recruitment decisions are made. We explore two dimensions of decision-making, that is, evaluators’ individual ratings and collectively made ratings. The results show a statistically significant gender bias in job applicant ratings in favor of female applicants. Thus, female job applicants are more often than male applicants rated as the top candidates, regardless of their parental status. Also, we find no motherhood penalty in the applicant ratings. Moreover, there is a statistically significant pro-female bias in applicant ratings made by female evaluators individually and by all-female evaluation groups.
Navigating Populism: A Study of How German and Swedish Corporations Articulate the Refugee Situation in 2015–2016
Authors: Johnsen Christian Garmann , Larsson-Olaison Ulf , Olasion Lena , Weber Florian
Published: October 2023

To study how populist sentiments have increasingly influenced businesses in society, we examine how German and Swedish corporations addressed the refugee situation in their 2015 and 2016 annual reports. We find that corporations changed their communication once refugee migration became subjected to populist political sentiments, but that they did so without subscribing to those sentiments. Although populism is based on such sharp oppositions as welcoming refugees or closing borders, our analysis shows that corporations have found ways to communicate about the refugee migration beyond these oppositions. Rather than taking a political stance, the corporations studied have primarily articulated the refugee situation as it pertains to their business operations. We identify four modes of articulation: the refugee as someone needing international aid, as a factor for economic analysis, as a benefit recipient, or as a potential stakeholder. These findings help nuance our understanding of how corporations navigate contested political issues.
Untaming Grand Challenges Research: Against a De-Politicization of Grand Challenges
Authors: Schneider Anselm
Published: October 2023

Research on Grand Challenges often neglects capitalism as a major source of many social and ecological problems, and/or as a barrier to their solution. To find sustainable solutions through our research, we need to make explicit and problematize this systems-level cause of Grand Challenges instead of only looking for solutions at the organizational level.
Prevalence and Factors Associated With Compliance With COVID-19 Presidential Lockdown Measures: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Olal Emmanuel , Mukunya David , Oloya Johnson Nyeko , Baguma Steven , Okot Christopher , Alema Nelson Onira , Acullu Denis , Ochula Denish Omoya , Atim Pamela Okot , Odong Patrick Olwedo , Okot Godfrey Smart , Pebolo Francis Pebalo , Oyat Freddy Wathum Drinkwater , Ikoona Eric Nzirakaindi , Aloyo Judith , Kitara David Lagoro
Published: October 2023

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is one of the most severe global health uncertainties to date. Although significant global effort has been put into implementing COVID-19 pandemic control measures such as lockdowns, travel restrictions, and hygiene precautions, the transmission is expected to resurface once these efforts are discontinued. We aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with compliance with presidential 53-day lockdown measures in June-July 2021 in northern Uganda. In this cross-sectional study, 587 adult participants (≥18 years old) from northern Uganda were selected using a systematic sampling method. Data collection involved interviewer-administered questionnaires with an internal validity of Cronbach’s α = .72. Socio-demographic characteristics of participants were described, and multivariable modified Poisson regressions were performed to assess prevalence ratios between dependent and selected independent variables, with respective P values at 95% confidence intervals. All analyses were conducted using Stata 17.0. Participants’ compliance with the presidential lockdown directives was high at 88%(95% CI: 85%-90%). Compliance with the presidential directives was more likely among participants who agreed to the lockdown measures [adjusted Prevalence Ratio, aPR = 1.28 (95% CI: 1.10-1.49; P = .001)] compared to those who did not, and more likely among those who were afraid of death from COVID-19 [aPR = 1.08 (95% CI: 1.01-1.15; P = .023)] than those who did not. However, compliance was less likely among males [aPR = 0.91 (95% CI: 0.86-0.97; P = .002)] compared to females, those aged 35 to 44 years [aPR = 0.87 (95% CI: 0.79-0.97; P = .013)] compared to those less 25 years; and unmarried [aPR = 0.89 (95% CI: 0.82-0.97; P = .011)] compared to the married. Compliance with the COVID-19 presidential lockdown measures in northern Uganda was high. The factors associated with compliance were the fear of death and agreement with presidential lockdown measures. However, compliance was less likely among males, unmarried persons, and persons aged 35 to 44. The authors recommend more community engagements, participation, sensitization, mobilization, and simultaneous application of multiple public health approaches to improve compliance and control of COVID-19.
The Role of Time in Post-Normal Knowledge Creation and Decision-Making in Public Administration
Authors: Baty Samuel R. , Mastracci Sharon
Published: October 2023

Scholars developing the concept of post-normal science have focused on high stakes and uncertainty to illustrate scientific inquiry and decision-making under post-normal conditions. While uncertainty and decision stakes are often challenges in any decision-making process, we argue that they are not the key factors that warrant the use of a post-normal approach, in which facts are ambiguous, values are in dispute, and stakes are high. In this paper, we center the role of time in the definition of post-normal science and offer a model of decision-making that incorporates uncertainty and high stakes within an overarching context of urgency. We then present three cases of decision-making with varying time horizons to illustrate the significance of time: The period leading up to the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, the U.S. development of the atomic bomb during the Manhattan Project, and U.S. space exploration in the 1960s, culminating in the Apollo 11 Moon landing. Elaborating on the role of time in post-normal science is crucial to public administration because our field routinely involves decision making amidst ambiguous facts, disputed values, high stakes, and urgency. As the three illustrative cases further show, administrators on the ground during the lead-up to the Russian invasion of Ukraine, the Manhattan Project, and space exploration also included extended peer communities.
Employee voice at board level: Responses to the revised UK Corporate Governance Code and the prospects for workplace democracy
Authors: Rees Chris , Briône Patrick
Published: October 2023

This article presents empirical findings on listed company responses to provisions on board-level workforce engagement in the revised 2018 UK Corporate Governance Code, based on analysis of FTSE 350 company reports, survey data from 70 firms, and a series of 41 interviews with directors, senior managers and workforce representatives across 17 case study firms. The findings suggest that, despite some pockets of good practice, the current code-based regulatory framework is weak and ineffective. In light of this, the article considers current debates around strengthening worker voice in governance structures – including through appeals to corporate purpose, investor engagement, and wider changes in the legal and regulatory architecture. It concludes that any fundamental reform would require a recasting of the narrative around corporate purpose, based on a pluralist recognition of the dual nature of labour/capital investments in the firm and a renewed emphasis on the principle of workplace democracy.
In the face of adversity: Refugee children’s traumatic stressors, trust, and prosocial behavior
Authors: Song Keng-Hie , Song Ju-Hyun , Malti Tina
Published: October 2023

This study investigated the relationship between traumatic life stress, trust, and prosocial behavior as a positive mental health outcome in Syrian refugee children in Canada. Trust is a resilience factor shown to promote adjustment after resettlement. The specific goals of the study were to test the influence of refugee children’s traumatic life stress on their prosocial behavior and the mediating role of trust in this link. Five- to 12-year-old Syrian refugee children ( N = 124) and their caregivers ( N = 51) who recently resettled in Canada participated in this study. Children retrospectively reported their experiences of traumatic life stressors, and caregivers reported their children’s current level of trust and prosocial behavior using questionnaires. Traumatic life stress (e.g., witnessing violence and conflict, separation from family, death of family members) was negatively related to refugee children’s trust in others, while trust was related to more prosocial behaviors, confirming its mediating role. These results suggest that experiencing more traumatic life stressors is associated with less prosocial behaviors as a positive mental health outcome through lower levels of trust. The current findings suggest that fostering trust may be a promising avenue for intervention to promote prosocial behavior and resilience in refugee children who are resettling in a new society.
Control Through Violence: A situational analysis of embodied practices of violence in a refugee reception centre
Authors: Arnold Philipp , Costas Jana
Published: October 2023

This paper explores how violence is mobilised for control purposes in organisations. Drawing on ethnographic research conducted at the total institution we name Arrival – a German refugee reception centre – we develop how private security guards engage in practices of signalling and exerting violence vis-à-vis Arrival’s residents to enforce rules. Our research contributes to the extant literature in three ways. First, we elucidate how practices of violence, following a logic of escalation and deterrence, work for organisational control purposes. Second, our research shifts the extant focus from discursive to embodied forms of invisibilisation by showing how violence is made simultaneously visible and invisible in its very enactment. Third, it provides insights into situational interactions rather than conditions of violence in total institutions.
Balancing the digital universe: Power and patterns in the new public sphere
Authors: Ritzi Claudia
Published: October 2023

From the viewpoint of Political Theory, digital technology presents both risks and opportunities for the democratic public sphere. Public discourse is now more complex and fragmented than ever before. Against this background, this paper uses the metaphor of a “communicative universe” to analyze the latest structural change of the public sphere. It emphasizes the significance of achieving a balance between different actors and powers in contemporary political discourse. Patterns in media communication can not only be identified but also influenced and constructed in ways that support the democratic functionality of political discourses.
Gnosticism, political theory and apocalypse: Jacob Taubes and Günther Anders, Tracy Strong and Carl Schmitt
Authors: Babich Babette
Published: October 2023

Beginning with Jacob Taubes and Günther Anders on eschatology, apocalypse and political theology, including Saint Paul and Frankfurt School critical theory along with bombs and power plants (energy/climate), this essay parallels a re-reading of Tracy B. Strong’s political reading of Nietzsche on Jesus (and love) with Taubes, Anders and Carl Schmitt on politics (and technology). Highlighted throughout is the politically charged (and inherently esoteric) context of Gnosticism for philosophy and theory for Taubes but also for Anders.
‘Tilting’ the balance? An evaluation of Britain’s strategic approach to the Indo-Pacific
Authors: Wilkins Thomas
Published: October 2023

Notwithstanding its exit from the European Union itself, the United Kingdom still remains an influential European power with significant interests and equities in the Indo-Pacific region. This article probes the substance of London’s engagement with the region through a distillation of relevant policy documents/statements appertaining to the Indo-Pacific. It reconciles this material within a three-tiered analytical framework that encompasses British ‘aims’; the ‘assets’ it holds; and then ‘assesses’ its performance and prospects. Like the other European actors considered in this Symposium, it reveals the strong confluence of economic, security and normative elements that define its regional strategic outlook. While there are many synergies with the approaches of the other European powers, what makes the United Kingdom case distinctive is a more prolific set of regional partnerships alongside multilateral engagement (‘networks and grids’), and a greater accent on hard power capabilities. The latter however are placed in service of the former – Britain has no aspirations to shift the regional balance of power independently.
Does it pay to think about the future? Future orientation, ideology, age and vote earning among political candidates
Authors: Lindholm Annika , Rapeli Lauri , von Schoultz Åsa
Published: October 2023

Solving societal problems often requires elected politicians to make uncertain investments, which only provide benefits in the future. However, research on future-oriented democratic policymaking has primarily focused on structural explanations and voter behaviour, paying less attention to politicians’ attitudes. In this study, we examine politicians’ future orientation and its potential link to electoral success. Using the latest Finnish data from the Comparative Candidate Survey, combined with voting-advice application data and register-level candidate information, we analyse how candidates’ future orientation correlates with their personal vote shares and ideological positions in the 2019 parliamentary elections. Our findings indicate that future-oriented political candidates, willing to invest in the future despite costs to present wellbeing, tend to be younger, more leftist and green-alternative-liberal. However, the relationship between future orientation and vote-winning is weak, suggesting that office-seeking politicians face neither punishment nor reward for their future-regarding stances.
Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography using T2 preparation pulse: quantitative and qualitative analyses
Authors: Ihara Riku , Oura Daisuke , Ichimura Wataru , Kobayashi Kentarou
Published: October 2023

Background

Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) may exhibit ghosting and blurring artifacts due to irregular breathing cycles, which can be overcome by shortening the shot duration. T2 preparation pulse enables heavy T2 contrast even with a shorter TE by use of the shortened shot duration; therefore, a technique using T2 preparation pulse combined with 3D turbo spin-echo MRCP (TPT-MRCP) was constructed.

Purpose

To evaluate the clinical usefulness of TPT-MRCP in both navigation and breath-hold sequences compared to the conventional method.

Material and Methods

We obtained navigation MRCP, which were TPT and conventional 3D turbo spin-echo in 37 patients, and breath-hold MRCP in 31 patients, which were TPT and gradient and spin echo. The quantitative evaluation included signal-to-noise ratio, contrast ratio, contrast-to-noise ratio and sharpness of the common bile duct in all sequences. Two radiologists visually evaluated image quality using a five-point grading method, assessing overall image quality and each of the six areas: common bile duct, right hepatic duct, left hepatic duct, main pancreatic duct, cystic duct and motion artifact.

Results

TPT-MRCP was significantly superior to conventional MRCP in all quantitative evaluations, except for signal-to-noise ratio in the navigation sequence. In the visual evaluation, TPT-MRCP provided higher image quality than the conventional technique in nearly all areas. The kappa (k) coefficient of the overall image quality was good for all sequences (κ = 0.61–0.8).

Conclusion

TPT-MRCP provides higher image quality than conventional techniques in both navigation and breath-hold sequences. The present study demonstrates the greater clinical usefulness of TPT-MRCP.
Treatment of severe tardive dyskinesia with concurrent administration of olanzapine, clonazepam, baclofen, and gabapentin: a case report
Authors: Guo Xiaoling , Chen Jiong , Wang Weixin , Jiang Bo , Liang Bo
Published: October 2023

Background

Long-term use of antipsychotics or other dopamine antagonists can result in the extrapyramidal side effect of tardive dyskinesia (TD). Case presentation: An 18-year-old female patient experienced abnormal speech and behavior and because of an equivocal diagnosis, she was given daily doses of 300 mg of quetiapine and 60 mg of ziprasidone. She had used these medications for 2 years before the appearance of involuntary abnormal movements. These movements, which were classified as TD, steadily worsened and markedly interfered with her daily life. Following a trial-and-error course of therapy with vitamin E, vitamin B6, amantadine, valproic acid sodium, lorazepam, and diazepam, the drugs were gradually reduced and stopped, yet the aberrant movements persisted. Finally, the patient was given olanzapine, clonazepam, baclofen, and gabapentin. The Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale was used to assess changes in the patient's condition. Her TD was efficiently managed through co-administration of olanzapine, clonazepam, baclofen, and gabapentin.

Conclusions

The possibility of TD inducing by antipsychotic use is a clinical concern, even though atypical antipsychotics decrease the incidence of extrapyramidal side effects, and it cannot be entirely excluded. This report provides useful insights into the management of TD and will help clinicians manage similar cases.
Debulking surgery for macrodystrophia lipomatosa of the lesser toe: a rare case report
Authors: Lee Sung Hyun , Jo Yang Hun
Published: October 2023

Macrodystrophia lipomatosa (MDL) is a rare disorder characterized by overgrowth of mesenchymal cells, resulting in gigantism of one or more digit. We report a case of a woman in her late 60s who presented with abnormal enlargement of the right second toe. By debulking the pathological tissue while preserving the shape of the toe as much as possible without amputation of the entire phalanx, debulking surgery not only helps walking, but also allows wearing shoes of the same size on both feet and achieves cosmetic satisfaction for patients. The functional and cosmetic improvement obtained through debulking surgery in this case resulted in no recurrence of disease 5 years postoperatively and provided a desirable alternative to amputation. Therefore, through this case, we demonstrated that debulking surgery can be a reasonable option for MDL patients.
Yen Implant Map: A Novel Method to Record Orthodontic Temporary Anchorage Device Site
Authors: Koya Shafees , Abda Ahzana , Amin Vivek , Shetty Sandeep
Published: October 2023

Documentation of patient records helps to evaluate, plan, and monitor the treatment progress. It should be recorded timely and legibly. Recently, TADs are being used commonly in our orthodontic practice, but the precise description of the site requires lengthy cumbersome statements. Here, we describe an easy method to describe the TAD site, thus improving the efficiency of documentation.
Entrepreneurial ecosystems and clusters: How can economic geographers advance debates for regional development?
Authors: Harris Jack L , Menzel Max-Peter
Published: October 2023

The entrepreneurial ecosystem concept is now one of the most popular policy tools for regional development following a surge of interest in entrepreneurship-oriented academic circles, yet has experienced little critical engagement within economic geography discourse. We argue that economic geographers should engage with the entrepreneurial ecosystem concept because (1) it describes a shift in spatial socio-economic organisation that has thus far been underexplored by economic geographers and (2) it is an inherently chaotic concept that requires significant conceptual development, not least in relation to the cluster concept. The entrepreneurial ecosystem concept is considered a close relative and potential successor of the cluster concept, which itself rapidly achieved policy stardom despite academic concerns over its conceptual clarity. We argue that there are significant similarities and intersections between the two concepts with implications for broader regional development literatures, enabling economic geographers to enrich academic debates and consequent policy decisions.
Violent and Abusive Behaviour in Nineteenth-Century Marriage in Bohemia
Authors: Vídeňská Denisa
Published: October 2023

The study focuses on the conflictual, abusive relationships between spouses in the second half of the long nineteenth century in Bohemia. We will trace the ways in which constructions of masculinity and femininity in the past have influenced the possibilities for perpetrating violence and how offenders have defended their behaviour. The children were also part of the conflicts and sometimes displayed problematic behaviour. In addition to the judicial apparatus, marital disputes also involved town parish priests, and families, possible witnesses in cases of marital divorce. We will also focus on using gender-related swear words during the conflicts.
Beyond Dichotomy and Stability: ICT Use Among Asian American Older Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Liu Jinyu , Lou Yifan , Cheung Ethan Siu Leung
Published: October 2023

This study examined the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on information and communications technology (ICT) use and the typology of ICT users among older Chinese and Korean Americans. Survey data were collected from 513 Chinese and Korean older adults in New York City. We measured ICT use for social contact, grocery shopping, health care, and COVID-19 information seeking. In the study sample, ICT use for online shopping with others, contact with doctors, and telehealth significantly increased during the pandemic. Three groups of ICT users were identified: limited, users, expanding users, and active users. Older Chinese Americans and those with better English proficiency were more likely to be expanding and active ICT users. The patterns and heterogeneity of ICT use among older Asian Americans are multifaceted and dynamic beyond dichotomy and stability. The findings of this study offer helpful guidance for future development of ICT-based interventions for older Asian Americans.
Does the new municipal solid waste management regulation promote residents’ waste separation behaviour? Evidence from survey data in Beijing, China
Authors: Lu Chen , Yi Xiaodi , Zou Yurou
Published: October 2023

Waste source separation is an essential section of successful municipal solid waste management, and the city governments in China are shifting from building massive waste treatment facilities to regulating residents’ waste separation behaviour (WSB). In order to promote residents’ WSB, Beijing, the capital of China, implemented the new version of municipal household waste management regulation (NEMAR) and allocated more funds. This article constructs a theoretical framework to analyse the relationship between the NEMAR and residents’ WSB from the perspective of policy tools, and uses propensity score matching method to evaluate the NEMAR’s effectiveness on promoting residents’ WSB, with first-hand data collected by distributing two rounds of questionnaires in Beijing. Results show that the NEMAR in Beijing have significantly improved the frequency and accuracy of residents’ WSB. The command-control tools such as fines are effective to enhance WSB. The information guidance tools such as propaganda in community publicity column, banner and brochure could significantly promote residents’ WSB frequency. Training seminars could enhance residents’ WSB accuracy. The economic incentive tools are ineffective, and the policy of direct material rewards even hampers residents’ WSB. This research reveals the effectiveness of the new policy and different tools in promoting residents’ WSB. It could provide evidence for policymakers to utilize more effective governing tools and optimize the allocation of public resources.
Association Between Lifetime Sexual Violence and Recent Traumatic Brain Injury Among Adults: 2017 Connecticut Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System
Authors: Waltzman Dana , Daugherty Jill , Haarbauer-Krupa Juliet , Zheng Xi , Jorge Celeste , Basile Kathleen C.
Published: October 2023

Sexual violence (SV) is a critical public health problem that is associated with numerous negative health consequences, including immediate- and long-term physical and mental health conditions and health-risk behaviors. Some of these health-risk behaviors (e.g., substance use, unsafe driving practices, poor mental health, lower impulse control, and abnormal brain circuitry) might increase the risk for sustaining a traumatic brain injury (TBI). A TBI causes neurological or neuropsychological changes and may also lead to various symptoms that affect a person’s cognition, mobility, behavior, and mental health. Determining if those who have experienced SV are at increased risk of sustaining a TBI in their lifetime is critical given the high prevalence and health impacts of SV, the potential vulnerability to TBI after SV, and the known detrimental effects of TBI. This exploratory study examined data from the 2017 Connecticut behavioral risk factor surveillance system and found that lifetime SV victimization (controlling for age and sex) was associated with increased odds of reporting a recent TBI in the past 12 months (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.1; 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.03, 4.21]). Further research is needed to better understand how SV history is related to the risk of sustaining a TBI. Healthcare professionals can support patients who experience SV by providing resources to help reduce associated physical and mental health conditions and health-risk behaviors.
Development of mathematical model for surface roughness estimation in material jetting 3D printed parts
Authors: Pandey Praneet , Krishnanand  , Nayak Ankit , Taufik Mohammad
Published: October 2023

This research investigated the modeling of three relatively different surface profiles, based on outer layer contour, internal raster, and a combination of these two, to estimate the surface roughness of material jetting 3D printed parts. Theoretical and empirical modeling was used to determine the relationship between build orientation and layer thickness with surface roughness. Results indicated that the developed surface roughness model can be utilized to estimate the surface roughness value of other surface profiles built through the same machine using material jetting technology or even other additive manufacturing systems like fused filament fabrication. Also, the validation using existing models showed a significant reduction in the prediction error (1.008%) and provides a more accurate surface roughness model for predicting surface roughness values. To minimize the required surface roughness value in the material jetting 3D printed parts, a surface roughness optimization methodology based on changing the build orientation is suggested in this article. An expression of the direction of build orientation is presented and the relation between the surface roughness and build orientation is investigated taking color coding environment into consideration. The validity and effectiveness of the proposed optimization methodology are tested by simulation and experimental results.
An energy dispatch optimization for hybrid power ship system based on improved genetic algorithm
Authors: Wang Xinyu , Zhu Hongyu , Luo Xiaoyuan , Chang Shaoping , Guan Xinping
Published: October 2023

Due to the energy crisis and environmental deterioration, the emerging hybrid energy ship power system gradually replaced the traditional ship power system to keep environmental friendliness by employing the clean energy. However, the increase of energy storage and photovoltaic generation system brings enormous challenge to the optimization scheduling of hybrid energy ship power system. For this reason, an improved genetic algorithm-based optimal scheduling strategy for the hybrid energy ship power system is developed in this paper. Firstly, a novel hybrid energy ship power system model including the diesel generator, energy storage system, propulsion system, dynamic load and photovoltaic power generation device is constructed under the constraint of energy efficiency and greenhouse gases emissions. Considering the various navigation situations that the ship may encounter, such as photovoltaic power generation limit in extreme weather and diesel generator power change in load shedding, the corresponding scheduling optimization problems for the hybrid energy ship power system are established. Under the cost and gas emission constraints, an improved genetic algorithm-based scheduling optimization algorithm is proposed. By introducing the nonlinear parameter change model in crossover and mutation operator, the performance of improved genetic algorithm can be enhanced, such as convergence speed and global optimization ability. Compared with current works, the proposed scheduling optimization strategy can achieve the lowest cost while reducing environmental impacts. Finally, simulation results under the given navigation cases demonstrate the superiority of the proposed improved genetic algorithm-based scheduling optimization strategy.
Multi-scale analysis of the co-movement between China's new energy vehicle industry and Tesla: Evidence from capital market
Authors: Ma Yuanyuan , Duan Shaodong , Zhang Pingping , Zhang Tianjie
Published: October 2023

China is currently the world's largest new energy vehicle market, and the development of its new energy vehicles is crucial to the sustainable development of mankind. As a leader in the new energy vehicle industry, Tesla's entry into the Chinese market has an important impact on its new energy vehicle industry, and the study of the relationship between the two is of great significance in promoting the development of China's new energy vehicle industry. Therefore, we analyzed the complex relationship between Tesla and China's new energy vehicle industry from 2013 to 2022 based on the stock market perspective using modal decomposition, Maximum mutual information coefficient, and transfer entropy. Mutual information coefficient results show that Tesla has stronger co-movements with China's New Energy Vehicle Manufacturing sector, and its strength is highest in the medium- and long-term time scales, up to 0.196 and 0.529, respectively. whereas the transfer entropy results show that Tesla has a stronger information transfer effect on the Vehicle Manufacturing sector and Charging Pile sector than on the New Energy Vehicles Battery sector and New Energy Vehicles Parts sector. However, in general, Tesla's information overflow to the whole Chinese new energy vehicle industry is on the rise. The Chinese government can appropriately give Tesla certain favorable policies and encourage Chinese enterprises to cooperate with it, giving full play to Tesla's catfish effect and technology demonstration effect, and then promoting the further development of China's new energy vehicle industry.
Academic integrity among nursing students: A survey of knowledge and behavior
Authors: Nortes Isabelle , Fierz Katharina , Goddiksen Mads Paludan , Johansen Mikkel Willum
Published: October 2023

Background

Minimal research has been done to determine how well European nursing students understand the core principles of academic integrity and how often they deviate from good academic practice.

Aim

The aim of this study was to find out what educational needs nursing students have in terms of academic integrity.

Research design

A quantitative cross-sectional study in the form of a survey of nursing students was conducted via questionnaire in the fall of 2020.

Participants

The sample was composed of 79 students in the BScN and MScN programs at Zürich University of Applied Sciences.

Ethical considerations

An application for a non-competence clearance was approved by the Ethics Committee in Zurich (BASEC No. Req-2020-00868). The survey was anonymous, and informed consent was obtained prior to participation.

Results

The participants had a high level of confidence in their own knowledge but were in many cases unable to correctly identify clear-cut examples of misconduct and to differentiate them from questionable practices. About 13% of the participants admitted that during their university education they had copied shorter passages from other sources into their own text without marking them as quotes.

Conclusions

The study documents extensive knowledge gaps among nursing students regarding both academic misconduct and questionable practices and indicates a need for improved academic integrity training.
The Ignored Legitimation Paradox of Northern Technology-based New Ventures Encountering Southern Contexts: Case Study of a French e-Books Company
Authors: Laifi Amira , Niamié Yabo Octave , Germain Olivier
Published: October 2023

The contribution of Northern technologies to solving problems in the South is widely studied. However, the dissemination of these technologies in the South is rarely seen as a legitimacy issue. This paper aims to understand how the legitimacy of a new venture is created in an emerging field, considering the indeterminate and unstable nature of the entrepreneurial process. To explore this avenue, we conducted a qualitative study around a unique case: Cyberlibris, a young company operating in the field of e-books, an emerging field within the book industry in the early 2000s. This study suggests that the process of legitimation of a disruptive technology-based innovation carried out by a newcomer is constituted by a tangle of tests, a notion borrowed from pragmatic sociology, but tests change with respect to demands by African schools. First, we highlight three tests within the legitimacy process in the French context (revenue model, publisher conservatism and reading practice changes). These tests are experienced by adapting to the African context. We discuss the paradox between legitimacy and domination in technology appropriation processes.
Volatility Spillover and Connectedness Mapping of India Through the Financial Cycle
Authors: Das Avik , Chakraborti Tapas
Published: October 2023

For Indian asset managers and speculators to assess the volatility spillover to the Indian market, identifying connections among the G7 countries might be of tremendous assistance. Using the DYCI methodology, we gauge volatility spillover (connectedness) for the Indian market throughout the financial cycle. Utilizing conditional (rolling-sample) connectedness, we assess the total directional volatility spillover for India. Additionally, we map the volatility spillover between India and the G7 nations using pairwise directional volatility connectedness. According to our findings, India changed from being a transmitter of volatility to being a recipient of it during financial cycle upturns and downturns.
The case for change: Reviewing the Disability Discrimination Act
Authors: Innes Graeme , Wade Natalie
Published: October 2023

This article pays respect to the role of the Disability Discrimination Act (DDA) in revolutionising the rights of people with disabilities in Australia but makes the case for law reform of this landmark legislation. In analysing the successes and failures of the DDA, we provide a clear roadmap to reform the DDA toward a modern realisation of disability rights in Australia.
Professional Hats Aside: How Parent Cafés Reduce Perceived Power Differentials to Engage Caregivers in Adverse Childhood Experience Prevention Using the Protective Factors Framework
Authors: Dafilou Caleb , Feinberg Amanda , Mitchell Stephanie , Baylor Randall , Caleb Susan , Altoonian Kayla , Bodrick Nia Imani
Published: October 2023

In the 25 years since adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) were identified as risk factors for chronic disease in adulthood, there has been limited research on multigenerational ACEs and prevention. Parent Cafés are a program model that engages caregivers in productive conversations centered on the protective factors framework. They integrate strategies of deprofessionalization, cocreation of programming, safe spaces, active listening, social supports, concrete resources, and self-directed or peer-guided cues to action, to optimize their impact. This article explains the development of the Parent Café model and discusses the benefits of its use of a non-expert-led structure, with support from theory and results from a pilot qualitative survey. Future practices should consider taking innovative approaches to adopting, integrating, and evaluating these strategies.
Free vibration of porous FG magneto-electro-elastic microbeams in the hygrothermal environment based on differential transformation method
Authors: Zhang Yuewen , Li Yansong , Li Shu
Published: October 2023

Free vibration of the porous functionally graded magneto-electro-elastic (FGMEE) microbeams in hygrothermal environment is investigated. Four kinds of distributions of porosities including uniform porosity, “O,”“X,” and “V” type porosities are assumed in this paper. For the functionally graded microbeam, the physical neutral surface is considered. The modified couple stress theory is adopted to capture the size effect. The equations of motion for the porous FGMEE microbeam are derived and solved by differential transformation method. In the numerical examples, the effect of electric and magnetic loadings, material length scale parameter, the temperature rise, the moisture concentration, material gradient index, and porosity volume fraction on the natural frequency are analyzed and discussed in detail. The results indicate that different porous distribution modes have different effects on natural frequency. Moisture concentration/temperature rise can reduce the natural frequency regardless of what the temperature and moisture modes is. These results will be useful for the design of the porous FGMEE structures.
The Qualitative DIGNISPACE Study: The Co-Design of a Life Review, Meaning-Making and Legacy Leaving Digital Intervention for Young People with Life-Limiting Conditions
Authors: Rodriguez Alison M. , Kellehear Allan , Lanfranchi Vitaveska , McSherry Wilfred , Tatterton Michael , Watts MBE Lucy , Yaziji Nahel , Smith Joanna
Published: October 2023

Background: Young people with life-limiting conditions have unmet psycho-spiritual needs. Dignity Therapy is a psycho-therapeutic end-of-life intervention that addresses life review, meaning making and legacy leaving. Studies of Dignity Therapy including young people are limited. Aim: To co-design a digital Dignity Therapy-based intervention for young people with life-limiting conditions (DIGNISPACE). Design: A qualitative study including focus groups (n=5) with hospice-based healthcare professionals (n=23), semi-structured interviews with young people with life-limiting conditions (n=13) and family carers (n=12). Data were analyzed using framework analysis. Results: Three main themes were derived; intervention purpose, amendments to the Dignity Therapy question protocol and content for a digital application. Findings influenced the development of DIGNISPACE and a model of dignity in young people with life-limiting conditions. Conclusions: DIGNISPACE addresses the psycho-spiritual needs of young people with life-limiting conditions, including tenets of the model of dignity in young people with life-limiting conditions in its content and delivery.
Participatory Bias and Participatory Neighborhood Governance: Reanalyzing the Most-Likely Case of the Stockholm Neighborhood Renewal Program
Authors: Hertting Nils
Published: October 2023

Strategies for revitalizing marginalized neighborhoods often include participatory innovations. According to the participatory bias argument, however, participatory governance arrangements benefit the privileged rather than the poor. In the present article, the validity of this argument is examined by analyzing how individual resources and social positions relates to recruitment to, participation within, and outcomes derived from participation in a most-likely case of bias in participatory neighborhood governance. Although the privileged were overrepresented in recruitment, the pattern was less clear regarding influence within the processes, and quite the opposite regarding certain outcomes of participation. Also in a most-likely case for bias, participatory neighborhood governance may induce empowerment among poor. Based on the observation that participants that differ with regard to available resources and social positions also have different motives for participation, a mechanism-based account regarding why and how bias in early phases under certain conditions may produce empowering outcomes is proposed.
Association of MIF-173G/C, IL-4 VNTR, and IL-1RA VNTR variants with FMF-related amyloidosis in a Turkish cohort
Authors: Yigit Serbulent , Nursal Ayse Feyda , Keskin Adem , Kaya Suheyla , Kuruca Nilufer , Sezer Ozlem
Published: October 2023

The most important complication of familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is secondary amyloidosis. The aim of this study is to investigate the risk of developing FMF-related amyloidosis with macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), interleukin 4 (IL-4), and IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA) variants. This study included 62 FMF patients with amyloidosis, 110 FMF patients without amyloidosis, and 120 controls. The clinical information of the patient groups was compared. MIF-173G/C, IL-4 variant number tandem repeat (VNTR), and IL-1RA VNTR variants were analyzed for all participants. The use of colchicine, pleurisy, and appendectomy was more common in FMF patients with amyloidosis than in FMF patients without amyloidosis. MIF-173G/C C/C genotype and C allele were higher in both patient groups compared to controls. IL-1RA VNTR A1/A2 and A1/A4 genotypes and A1–A4 alleles were more common in both patient groups than controls. The IL-4 VNTR P1 allele was more common in FMF patients with amyloidosis compared to controls. The MIF-173G/C allele and the IL-1RA VNTR A1–A4 allele are associated with FMF in the Turkish population but not with amyloidosis risk in FMF patients. The IL-4 VNTR P1 allele is more common in FMF patients with amyloidosis than in healthy individuals.