bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of two different methods for gross
alpha and beta activity determination in water
samples
Authors: Janković Marija M. , Sarap Nataša B. , Pantelić Gordana K. , Todorović Dragana J.
Published: January 2015

Measurement of the gross alpha and beta
activity concentrations in various matrices is suitable
as a preliminary screening procedure to determine
whether further analysis related to specific radionuclide
is necessary. In Serbia, according to current regulations,
radioactivity concentrations in drinking water for gross
alpha and gross beta should be < 0.5 and < 1.0 Bq L−1,
respectively. The generally accepted methods for gross
alpha and beta activity analysis of drinking water in
different countries are: EPA 900.0 and ISO methods (ISO
9696, water quality – measurement of gross alpha activity
in non-saline water – thick source method, and ISO
9697, water quality – measurement of gross beta activity
in non-saline water). This paper describes comparison
of preparations and measurement gross alpha and
beta activity in bottled mineral waters as well as in tap
waters in Serbia using two methods: EPA 900.0 with and
without ash, and ISO methods. Concentration of total
dissolved solids (TDS) in investigated water samples
was determined. Based on obtained TDS, certain volume
was evaporated. The instrumentation used to count the
gross alpha and gross beta activities for both methods is
α/β low level proportional counter Thermo Eberline FHT
770 T.
First radiocarbon dated paleoecological data from the freshwater carbonates of the Danube-Tisza Interfluve
Authors: Sümegi Pál , Molnár Dávid , Sávai Szilvia , Náfrádi Katalin , Novák Zsolt , Szelepcsényi Zoltán , Törőcsik Tünde
Published: January 2015

The first radiocarbon dates available on the evolutionof the freshwater carbonates of the Danube-Tisza Interfluveare presented in this work along with their possibleuses to precisely date paleoecological and paleoenvironmentalchanges. This work also gives the basis of acomparative analysis of the Holocene radiocarbon-datedprofile of Csólyospálos with other Hungarian radiocarbondatedprofiles of the same age (Bátorliget, the Sárrét,etc.) and the implementation of a detailed chronologicaland regional paleoenvironmental study. Furthermore,our findings clearly demonstrate the importance of radiocarbonanalysis in the study of terminal Pleistoceneand Holocene Hungarian sedimentary sequences for accuratelydating and reconstructing the chronological orderof paleoenvironmental changes as well as the evolution ofthe natural endowments plus the regional comparison ofthe various profiles.
Parameters identification in the mathematical model of immune competition cells
Authors: Afraites Lekbir , Atlas Abdelghafour
Published: January 2015

This paper deals with the problem of identifying
parameters in the mathematical model of immune competition
developed in [Modelling Complex Biological Systems: A Kinetic Theory
Approach, Birkhäuser, Boston, 2006]. More precisely, we use the
approach called inverse problem to identify the
parameters of the model, and we investigate the identifiability
as
well as the stability of the inverse problem. In numerical
analysis, the inverse problem is reformulated as an optimization
problem where the variables are the estimated parameters in the
model. In our study, the regularized least-squares cost function
and the adjoint technique to compute the gradient of the cost
function are used. Finally, some numerical tests for parameters
identification using synthetic data are presented.
The making of nanotechnology: exposing high-school students to behind-the-scenes of nanotechnology by inviting them to a nanotechnology conference
Authors: Blonder Ron , Sakhnini Sohair
Published: January 2015

Nanotechnology has been recognized in the 21st century as a new and modern science field. It is therefore necessary to update school science by integrating nanotechnology-related concepts into curricula for students in order to prepare an educated workforce and a responsible generation that will make scientifically literate decisions. The current study examines a unique way to address the teaching of the concept “the making of nanotechnology,” one of eight essential concepts of nanotechnology that should be taught in high school and at the undergraduate level, which were identified by a recent study. The concepts’ definition and explanation are presented. The main goal of the study is to learn how students’ participation in a one-day nanotechnology conference “NanoIsrael 2014”
The Apparent Lambdacism of Eblaite and Eblaite Word Accent
Authors: Peust Carsten
Published: January 2015

A peculiarity of Eblaite spelling, unparalleled in the other Semitic languages, is the interchange between
A Balaĝ to Enlil from the First Sealand Dynasty
Authors: Gabbay Uri
Published: January 2015

The tablet published in this article stems from the Sealand dynasty that ruled southern Babylonia between the end of the first dynasty of Babylon and the Kassite period. The tablet contains an abbreviated version of the Balaĝ am-e bára-an-na-ra . The Sealand text enables an examination of the literary history of this Balaĝ from the Old Babylonian period to the first millennium BCE.
A New Look at the Kassite Medical Letters, and an Edition of Šumu-libši Letter N 969
Authors: Plantholt Irene Sibbing
Published: January 2015

Medicine in Kassite Babylonia has not been a popular topic of research due to the scarcity of sources, but over time a group of Middle Babylonian medical letters have drawn the attention of many scholars. These letters from Kassite Nippur discuss medical matters and provide a unique and illustrative insight into how medicine was practiced in daily life. In this article I will provide a new overview of the illnesses, symptoms, and treatments that are mentioned in the Kassite medical letters. I will first discuss and reassess which letters belong to this group or “corpus” based on recent collations, after which an edition of the previously unpublished letter N 969 will be provided. The edition is followed by an overview of the illnesses and symptoms in the Kassite medical letters based on the redefined corpus and supported by collations and new readings. I will finish with some new considerations of medical treatment as presented in the Kassite medical letters.
The End of God-Napping and the Religious Foundations of the New Hittite Empire
Authors: Gilan Amir
Published: January 2015

The practice of god-napping is richly attested in Old Hittite historiography but disappears almost completely in later, Empire Period sources. It will be suggested that this silence is not coincidental, but rather reflects a deep change in Hittite policy towards Hurro-Syrian deities. Furthermore, it will be suggested that this new imperial policy was founded on the experience of the political and religious integration of Kizzuwatna by the founders of the New Hittite Empire. This new policy, which provides for the maintenance of local cults rather than for their spoliation, will prove to be more successful than the Old Hittite destructive mode of action.
Bent or Straight Axis? Temple Plans in Early Dynastic Southern Babylonia
Authors: Ławecka Dorota
Published: January 2015

The article is devoted to an analysis of Early Dynastic Sumerian temple architecture and to comparison of southern and northern Babylonian temple plans. While temples in the Diyala region feature bent-axis cellae (with analogies in northern Mesopotamia), southern ones display different layouts. Although our knowledge remains restricted, it seems that there was no single tradition of cultic architecture encompassing all southern Mesopotamia.
P2X7 receptors: role in bone cell formation and function
Authors: Agrawal Ankita , Gartland Alison
Published: January 2015

The role of the P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) is being explored with intensive interest in the context of normal bone physiology, bone-related diseases and, to an extent, bone cancer. In this review, we cover the current understanding of P2X7R regulation of bone cell formation, function and survival. We will discuss how the P2X7R drives lineage commitment of undifferentiated bone cell progenitors, the vital role of P2X7R activation in bone mineralisation and its relatively unexplored role in osteocyte function. We also review how P2X7R activation is imperative for osteoclast formation and its role in bone resorption via orchestrating osteoclast apoptosis. Variations in the gene for the P2X7R (P2RX7) have implications for P2X7R-mediated processes and we review the relevance of these genetic variations in bone physiology. Finally, we highlight how targeting P2X7R may have therapeutic potential in bone disease and cancer.
INFLUENCE ON CELLULAR TARGETS FOR TREATING INFLUENZA INFECTION
Authors: Zarubaev V. V. , Smirnov V. S.
Published: January 2015

Аbstract. Influenza is a highly contagious infection of humans. The use of specific antivirals leads to emergence of drug-resistant strains following by the decrease of efficacy of ethiotropic chemotherapy. In this review the data about the decrease of the level of viral replication and severity of pathological process based on the use of alternative targets of cellular instead of viral origin are presented. The medicines for decreasing the production of proinflammatory cytokines (eritoran), restricting the degranulation of mast cells (ketotifen), inhibitors of cyclooxygenases (celexocib, mesalasine, SC-560), inhibitors of sphingosine-1-phospate pathway (AAL-R) and compounds increasing the capillars stability by strengthe ning the contacts between endothelial cells (Slit protein) have been described in the review. The special attention is paid to the inhibitors of cellular pathways that are used by the virus to provide its reproduction, such as NF-κB, Raf/MEK/ERK, PI3K/AKT/mTOR. Information concerning anti-influenza activity of kinase and autophagy inhibitors is summarised as well as data about the preparations of combined mechanism of activity — glycirrhizic acid and dipeptide alpha-glutamyl-tryptophane. Further studies in the field of search and optimization of inhibitors of cellular components as remedies against influenza infection could lead to the development of novel antivirals with high efficacy, broad spectrum of activity and low probability of virus resistance.
THE SPECTRUM OF BACTEREMIA PATHOGENS IN PATIENTS WITH IMMUNE DEFICIENCY STATES OF VARIOUS ORIGINS
Authors: Polukhina O. V. , Suborova T. N. , Kuzin A. A. , Petrov A. N. , Osovskikh V. V. , Granov D. A. , Pilipenko V. V.
Published: January 2015

Abstract. A comparative analysis of the results of bacteriological study of blood samples obtained from 1608 patients with secondary immunodeficiency of different origins has been conducted. It was established that within the spectrum of pathogens of bacteremia in these onco-urological profile patients, enterobacteria was the predominant one. In post–liver transplantation patients micromycete was predominant, and for wounded patients and victims with serious injuries staphylococci were more often isolated.
O uso de uma avaliação por gestores da atenção primária em saúde: um estudo de caso no Sul do Brasil
Authors: Nickel Daniela Alba , Natal Sonia , Hartz Zulmira Maria de Araújo , Calvo Maria Cristina Marino
Published: January 2015

O objetivo do artigo foi realizar uma meta-avaliação, com foco na utilização, em um estado do Sul do Brasil. Caracterizou-se como estudo de caso único, com coleta de dados primários por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas com gestores e técnicos de secretarias de saúde. A análise de conteúdo ocorreu por categorias definidas na matriz avaliativa: contexto político-organizacional e implantação da avaliação. Verificou-se que o contexto político-organizacional apresentou fragilidades nos quesitos de experiência, equipe de avaliação e espaço e tempo para reflexão. A autonomia técnica foi verificada no estado e em um município. Na implantação da avaliação a qualidade avaliativa satisfez os critérios, porém não houve uma definição prévia à avaliação dos usos e usuários. Houve relato de uso para planejamento de ações e uso político. Concluiu-se que a avaliação produziu informações importantes aos interessados, sendo o contexto político-organizacional o principal limitante do uso.
Reliability of screening tests for health-related problems among low-income elderly
Authors: Lino Valéria Teresa Saraiva , Portela Margareth Crisóstomo , Camacho Luiz Antônio Bastos , Rodrigues Nádia Cristina Pinheiro
Published: January 2015

Screening tests for health problems can identify elderly people who should undergo the Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment, enabling the planning of actions to prevent disability. The aim of this study was to analyze the inter-rater reliability (IRR) of self-assessment questions (SAQ) and performance tests (PT) recommended in Brazil, in a sample of low-income elderly people, through an exploratory study performed with 165 elderly assessed by two professionals on different days. IRR was evaluated using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for continuous variables and the kappa statistic for categorical ones. The IRR for the PT (muscle strength, mobility body mass index, vision) was excellent and presented ICC values greater than 0.75. By contrast, the IRR for SAQ (urinary incontinence, self-perceived health and hearing impairment) was intermediate. Only the fall-related item presented a good IRR. In this study single SAQ had poor reliability when compared to PT, suggesting the necessity of revision of subjective self-assessment items with low reproducibility before implementation.
Magnitude da tuberculose pulmonar na população fronteiriça de Mato Grosso do Sul (Brasil), Paraguai e Bolívia
Authors: Marques Marli , Ruffino-Netto Antonio , Marques Ana Maria Campos , Andrade Sonia Maria Oliveira de , Silva Baldomero Antonio Kato da , Pontes Elenir Rose Jardim Cury
Published: January 2015

Este estudo analisou a magnitude da tuberculose pulmonar no período de 2007 a 2010 em municípios sul-mato-grossenses fronteiriços ao Paraguai e à Bolívia. Na região de fronteira, as taxas de incidência (49,1/100 mil habitantes), de mortalidade (4,0/100 mil) e de abandono do tratamento (11,3%) foram 1,6, 1,8 e 1,5 vez maiores do que na região não fronteiriça. Entre indígenas da fronteira, as taxas de incidência (253,4/100 mil habitantes), mortalidade (11,6/100 mil) e coinfecção por HIV (1,9/100 mil) foram, respectivamente, 6,4, 3,2 vezes e 1,9 vez maiores do que entre os não indígenas nesta região. Estar na região de fronteira revelou-se fator de proteção contra coinfecção por HIV. Constatou-se associação entre ser indígena e não abandonar o tratamento. Conclui-se que a população residente nesses municípios de fronteira vivencia elevado risco de adoecimento, de morte e de abandono do tratamento de tuberculose pulmonar, o que requer ações diferenciadas de vigilância em saúde.
Livros didáticos e formação de professores que ensinam Matemática nos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental
Authors: Vieira Gláucia Marcondes , Gomes Maria Laura Magalhães
Published: January 2015

Este artigo apresenta alguns resultados de uma pesquisa sobre a utilização de livros didáticos de Matemática por professores dos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental. O material empírico da investigação é constituído pelas entrevistas de dez professores de escolas públicas e privadas da região metropolitana de Belo Horizonte, com o uso da metodologia da História Oral. O foco do artigo é o papel desempenhado pelos livros didáticos para a formação dos docentes para as práticas pedagógicas relacionadas aos conhecimentos matemáticos. Nas narrativas dos docentes, destacam-se as críticas ao manual do professor, o reconhecimento do livro didático como um elemento importante, embora não único, no desenvolvimento curricular, e as afirmações dos próprios saberes dos professores quanto a seus alunos e realidades escolares.
Who did not appear? First dental visit absences in secondary care in a major Brazilian city: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Machado Alessandra Trindade , Werneck Marcos Azeredo Furquim , Lucas Simone Dutra , Abreu Mauro Henrique Nogueira Guimarães
Published: January 2015

The study sought to identify possible factors associated with non-attendance at first dental appointments scheduled in 2011 of users living in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, who were referred from primary care to different dental specialties in secondary care within the public health services of the city. A cross-sectional study was conducted based on research in secondary data bases of the public health regulatory system. The dependent variable was "no shows" for scheduled appointments, and the independent variables were age, time on the waiting list, gender, health district, and the specialty to which the individual was referred. Among the 6,428 first dental visits scheduled for 2011 in the specialties selected for analysis, 32.9 % were not performed due to the absence of the user. Bivariate analysis revealed a statistically significant association between non-attendance of the user and the five independent variables. Young adults, male, and resident in given districts who were referred to the specialties of surgery and endodontics and who waited longer on the waiting list exhibited a higher frequency of no-shows.
Proteção individual versus proteção coletiva: análise bioética do programa nacional de vacinação infantil em massa
Authors: Lessa Sérgio de Castro , Schramm Fermin Roland
Published: January 2015

A vacinação é considerada como uma das políticas de saúde pública mais efetivas e de menor custo-benefício, utilizada no controle e na prevenção de doenças. Mas é também considerada uma das técnicas biomédicas mais polêmicas e controversas, o que torna difícil evitar uma abordagem ética, principalmente quando a vacinação é utilizada de forma compulsória em toda a população. Com efeito, visto que as vacinas não são totalmente seguras e eficazes, há um conflito ético entre o interesse individual e o coletivo, pois as crianças carregam de fato o ônus da vacinação em benefício da saúde pública quando são acometidas com reações adversas graves e que ficam alheias aos cuidados que deveriam ser oferecidos pelo Poder Público. O objetivo deste artigo foi demonstrar que as ferramentas da bioética são relevantes nesta discussão para analisar e compreender criticamente estes conflitos, fornecendo argumentos cogentes para orientar a elaboração de biopolíticas que considerem não apenas, com rigor, a prevenção, mas, também, a responsabilidade solidária de todos como fundamento para uma proteção que seja tanto individual como coletiva.
Assimetrias regionais. Que diferenças nos estilos de vida e na satisfação com a vida dos adolescentes? Um estudo realizado em alunos do 3º ciclo do Ensino Básico em Portugal
Authors: Vieira Tiago Paupério Ferreira , Alves Nuno José Corte-Real Correia , Dias Cláudia Salomé Lima , Fonseca António Manuel Leal Ferreira Mendonça da
Published: January 2015

Partindo da importância dos comportamentos e da satisfação com a vida para a saúde dos jovens e das consideráveis assimetrias regionais existentes no território de Portugal Continental, tínhamos como objetivo para esta investigação: verificar a existência de diferenças nos níveis de prática desportiva, de consumo de tabaco e de álcool, e de satisfação com a vida nos alunos do 3º Ciclo do Ensino Básico, residentes em diferentes áreas, nomeadamente, interior/litoral e rural/urbano. A amostra foi constituída por 5624 adolescentes, com idades entre 12 e 17 anos. O instrumento utilizado para a coleta dos dados foi o "Inventário de Comportamentos Relacionados com a Saúde dos Adolescentes" e uma versão traduzida e adaptada da "Satisfaction With Life Scale". Concluímos existirem níveis superiores de consumo de tabaco nos jovens residentes nas áreas interiores e urbanas, níveis superiores de consumo de álcool nos jovens residentes em áreas interiores e rurais, e níveis superiores de satisfação com a vida nos jovens residentes em áreas litorais e urbanas. Os níveis de prática desportiva foram idênticos em todos os locais de residência. Constatamos, também, a existência de diferenças significativas em todas as variáveis em análise.
Family reintegration of children and adolescents in foster care in Brazilian municipalities with different population sizes
Authors: Iannelli Andrea M. , Assis Simone Gonçalves , Pinto Liana Wernersbach
Published: January 2015

The scope of this article is to present and analyze data from Brazilian foster care services for children / adolescents from the perspective of family reintegration. It also seeks to support the implementation of public policies in order to provide effective reintegration in accordance with the differing local contexts. It uses data from 1,157 municipalities that have foster care services. The methodology takes into account the data collection of 2,624 Brazilian centers and 36,929 children and adolescents in care. The growing number of children/adolescents in care is in line with the increase in population size: 8.4 per small city; 60 per large city and 602.4 per metropolis. With respect to care residence in a different municipality there are varying indices: 12.4% in metropolises and 33.6% in small cities, revealing the absence of centers close to family units in the smaller communities. Regarding the activities promoted together with families, it was seen that there are still units that do not perform any activities, which runs contrary to Brazilian law. It is clear that policies for the child/adolescent in foster care centers need to consider the capacity of the municipality in accordance with population size to implement support actions for families to assist in family reintegration.
Sexual health care of two generations of men: continuities and volatilities of scripts and habitus
Authors: Fontanella Bruno José Barcellos , Gomes Romeu
Published: January 2015

To acquire in-depth understanding of meanings attributed by young men to sexual health care, the similarities and asymmetries present in a corpus of 60 reports of men from two different generations were analyzed regarding this type of care. A process of in-depth hermeneutics was undertaken under the theoretical sociological perspectives of sexual scripts, male habitus and generation. Fifteen analytical categories were grouped together into the three dimensions of sexual scripts (intra-psychic, interpersonal and cultural). Some findings indicate the presence of provisions which were not enduring and have not been transposed to the next generation. However, striking cultural similarities or habitus around male sexuality were also found in the two different socio-historical contexts, allowing for an interpretation on the as yet inconstant use of condoms among the young.
Bancos versus cooperativas de crédito: um estudo dos índices de eficiência e receita da prestação de serviços entre 2002 e 2012
Authors: Matias Alberto Borges , Quaglio Gislaine de Miranda , Lima João Paulo Resende de , Magnani Vinícius Medeiros
Published: January 2015

O presente estudo apresenta caráter descritivo e visa analisar o índice de eficiência e a evolução das receitas de prestação de serviços das cooperativas de crédito em comparação às instituições bancárias privadas e públicas. Segundo dados do Banco Central do Brasil, a relação PIB/crédito situou-se em 55,5% no ano de 2012, entretanto, ainda não se compara a países desenvolvidos, que atinge patamares acima de 100%. A amostra consiste nas maiores instituições bancárias e cooperativistas selecionadas de acordo com o critério "ativo total", totalizando uma média de 69,31% para as instituições bancárias e 61,33% para as cooperativas de crédito. Para análise das variáveis foram empregados índices de eficiência, análise vertical e horizontal das receitas de prestação de serviço no período entre 2002 e 2012. O índice de eficiência é um importante indicador, pois relaciona os insumos aplicados na produção e os produtos obtidos nesse processo. A análise das rendas com prestação de serviços é significativa, pois tem se mostrado cada vez mais relevante no desempenho financeiro das instituições financeiras. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que os índices de eficiência dos bancos privados apresentaram os maiores níveis entre os segmentos analisados, seguidos pelos bancos públicos e, por fim, pelas cooperativas de crédito. A predominância dos bancos privados não foi abalada nos anos de crise, ao contrário dos bancos públicos, que foram ultrapassados pelo segmento cooperativista de crédito nos anos de 2008-2009 e 2012. Diante das contas que formam o índice, constatou-se que, até 2006, o comprometimento do RBIF com as despesas estruturais nas cooperativas foi semelhante ao verificado nos bancos públicos, porém maior do que o dos bancos privados. Tal comportamento se diferenciou entre os anos de 2007-2010 e 2012, quando esse indicador apresentou queda significativa no segmento cooperativista. Por fim, nas evoluções horizontal e vertical verificou-se que, apesar do crescimento significativo registrado pelas cooperativas de crédito e da convergência no grau de participação entre os segmentos, a participação das receitas de prestação de serviço ainda é maior no segmento bancário do que no cooperativista de crédito. Esse fato pode representar um elemento de potencialidade a ser explorado pelas cooperativas na busca pela eficiência.
A tribo Paniceae s.l. (Poaceae: Panicoideae) na Reserva Biológica de Mogi-Guaçu, SP, Brasil
Authors: Rodrigues Rodrigo S. , Filgueiras Tarciso S.
Published: January 2015

O presente estudo objetivou realizar o levantamento florístico das espécies da tribo Paniceae s.l. na Reserva Biológica de Mogi-Guaçu (RBMG-SP), localizada entre 22°11'-18'S e 47°7'-10'W, com o intuito de contribuir para o conhecimento da flora agrostológica desta Unidade de Conservação e do Estado de São Paulo. As coletas foram realizadas entre 2011 e 2012, totalizando 11 expedições. Foram consultadas as coleções dos herbários IAC, SP, SPF e UEC. Foi confirmada a ocorrência de 24 gêneros e 80 espécies para a RBMG-SP. Destas, 47 espécies são referidas pela primeira vez, 15 são exóticas e 12 são classificadas como ameaçadas no Estado. Os gêneros mais ricos em espécies são Paspalum (25 spp.), Panicum e Axonopus (7 spp. cada), Digitaria (6 spp.), Ichnanthus e Urochloa (4 spp. cada). São apresentadas chaves de identificação, comentários e imagens das estruturas florais de cada táxon.
"Eu quero uma casa no campo": a busca do verde em Belo Horizonte, 1966-1976
Authors: Duarte Regina Horta
Published: January 2015

A expansão de condomínios horizontais esteve diretamente relacionada às condições históricas que acarretaram a deterioração e o abandono do centro urbano de Belo Horizonte, entre meados das décadas de 1960 e 1970. Nesse contexto, alguns tiveram o privilégio de escolher o sonho da casa no campo, atraídos por promessas de uma vida renovada, mergulhados nos paradoxos do desenvolvimento e dos dramas sociais, políticos e ambientais em curso no Brasil durante a ditadura civil-militar. Cientistas e técnicos realizavam as primeiras avaliações dos dilemas da poluição ambiental urbana. Entretanto, temas ambientais se configuravam como assunto extemporâneo e distante da política, subestimados por setores brasileiros de direita e esquerda. A perda de qualidade de vida em Belo Horizonte recebeu soluções individuais, por vezes com aspectos comunitários. O caráter simultâneo desses processos na capital mineira esclarece casos históricos similares em outras grandes metrópoles brasileiras e latino-americanas.
Eficiência de uso de nitrogênio em cultivares de trigo pioneiras e modernas
Authors: Beche Eduardo , Benin Giovani , Bornhofen Elesandro , Dalló Samuel Cristian , Sassi Luiz Henrique Scarparo , Oliveira Ronaldo de
Published: January 2015

O objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar cultivares brasileiras de trigo, desenvolvidas em diferentes décadas, quanto à eficiência de uso de N, sob diferentes disponibilidades do nutriente. Dez cultivares de trigo, lançadas entre 1940 e 2009, foram submetidas a quatro doses de adubação nitrogenada (0, 60, 120 e 180 kg ha-1 de N), em ambiente controlado, em delineamento de blocos ao acaso, com três repetições. A produtividade de grãos aumentou em 0,54, 0,74, 0,74 e 0,82% ao ano, nas doses de 0, 60, 120 e 180 kg ha-1 de N, respectivamente. As eficiências de absorção e de utilização de N estiveram positivamente associadas à eficiência de uso do nitrogênio, com estreitamento na relação em condições de alta disponibilidade de N. As cultivares modernas são mais eficientes no uso do N e toleram doses mais baixas do nutriente, em comparação às cultivares pioneiras. Para o desenvolvimento de cultivares mais eficientes no uso de N, os programas de melhoramento genético de trigo devem priorizar a seleção de genótipos com maiores eficiências de absorção, remobilização e utilização de N.
O coração irritável nos discursos médicos anglo-americanos no fim do século XIX
Authors: Vilarinho Yuri C.
Published: January 2015

Investiga o estatuto e as condições de emergência da categoria nosológica de síndrome do coração irritável presente nos discursos médicos anglo-americanos na segunda metade do século XIX. No contexto da Guerra Civil Americana, examina elementos sócio-históricos que configuraram a atenção médica sobre os sintomas de ordem cardíaca de soldados. Destacam-se os valores morais de médicos-militares frente aos sintomas de medo em combatentes, assim como as hipóteses etiológicas britânicas e norte-americanas que consolidaram o estatuto nosológico do sofrimento dos soldados com palpitações. Propõe análise da especificidade da síndrome do coração irritável frente às categorias nosológicas do medo descritas pela nosologia psiquiátrica atual.
As causas das internações no Hospital Adauto Botelho (Cariacica, ES) na segunda metade do século XX
Authors: Carrion Carla Torres Pereira , Margotto Lilian Rose , Aragão Elizabeth Maria Andrade
Published: January 2015

Discutem-se aqui as formas de encaminhamento de pacientes ao Hospital Adauto Botelho, localizado em Cariacica, Espírito Santo. A pesquisa se deu por meio de prontuários médicos datados desde a inauguração em 1954 e de depoimentos de pessoas que trabalharam lá durante a segunda metade do século XX. Foram analisados 102 prontuários e entrevistadas quatro pessoas. A pesquisa dos prontuários mostra forte inserção da Chefatura de Polícia no processo de internação. As falas dos entrevistados reiteram esse ponto, mostrando também a longa duração das internações. São as histórias de vida dos internos que dão o tom deste trabalho. Conclui-se, a partir delas, que o Hospital Adauto Botelho, mais que uma instituição de tratamento, era um espaço de confinamento.
Rapid Maxillary Expansion Increases Internal Nasal Dimensions of Children with Bilateral Cleft Lip and Palate
Authors: Trindade-Suedam Ivy Kiemle , Castilho Ricardo Leão , Martins Sampaio-Teixeira Ana Claudia , Marmotel Araújo Bruna Mara Adorno , Fukushiro Ana Paula , Campos Letícia Dominguez , Kiemle Trindade Inge Elly
Published: January 2015

Objective

The transverse maxillary deficiency frequently observed in patients with cleft lip and palate (CLP) is usually treated by rapid maxillary expansion (RME). Considering that RME causes a significant increase of the internal nasal dimensions in children with unilateral CLP (UCLP), this study aimed to characterize the internal nasal geometry of children with bilateral CLP (BCLP) and transverse maxillary deficiency using acoustic rhinometry. The study also aimed to analyze changes caused by RME.

Design

Cross-sectional prospective study.

Setting

Laboratory of Physiology, Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil.

Participants

Fifteen children with repaired BCLP of both genders, aged 8 to 15 years, referred for RME, were prospectively analyzed.

Interventions

Subjects underwent acoustic rhinometry before the expander installation and after the active phase of expansion. Cross-sectional areas (CSA) and volumes (V) of the nasal valve regions (CSA1 and V1) and turbinates (CSA2, CSA3, and V2), were measured after nasal decongestion.

Main Outcome Measures

In the majority of the subjects, an increase of internal nasal dimensions was observed.

Results

Percent changes of CSA1, CSA2, CSA3, V1, and V2 were: +25%, +11%, +9%, 20%, and +12%, respectively. Differences were significant for all variables studied, except CSA3 ( P < .05).

Conclusions

RME promotes an increase in the internal nasal dimensions of children with BCLP, suggesting that RME is capable of substantially improving nasal patency in this population.
Briefing: Integrated reporting – challenges in the construction industry
Authors: Siew Renard Y. J. R.
Published: January 2015

The integrated reporting (IR) framework provides guidance to consider actively the relationships between a company's operating, functional units and the different capitals it uses or affects. It can help the construction industry achieve sustainability goals through integrated decision-making and actions that consider the creation of value over the short, medium and long term. This briefing discusses the structure of IR and the challenges of adopting IR in the context of the construction industry.
Degassing of FC-72 in Microgravity
Authors: Weiland Danielle , Crosby Kevin , Hall Nancy
Published: January 2015

The Carthage College Microgravity Team designed and built a system to degas FC-72 during microgravity conditions through the NASA SEED program. FC-72 is an electronic coolant with low boiling point and surface tension that would be an ideal coolant for use in a two-phase cooling system onboard spacecraft [3M, 2013]. The goal of the project was to remove the dissolved gases from liquid FC- 72 to improve the efficiency of flow boiling in microgravity as part of the Flow Boiling and Condensation Experiment conducted jointly by NASA Glenn Research Center (GRC) and Purdue University. A radial membrane contactor was used to remove the gases from the liquid during microgravity. Data from the lab was compared with the parabolic flight data to determine the relative effectiveness of the radial membrane contactor in reduced gravity.Â
Single-Photon Detection using a Quantum-Dot-Gated Resonant RLC Circuit
Authors: Nickel Tyler , Talhouarne Yann , Prudhom Andrew , Allenby Richard , Gansen Eric
Published: January 2015

We report on a novel detection scheme that uses semiconductor quantum dots and electrical resonance to detect single photons of light. Here, a quantum-dot, optically gated field-effect transistor (QDOGFET) is used as the resistive element of a resonant RLC (resistor-inductor-capacitor) circuit. A photon is detected when it photocharges a quantum dot, thus modifying the resistance of the QDOGFET and altering the resonance condition of the surrounding circuit. Because the circuit functions as a bandpass filter, rejecting much of the electrical noise that can obscure weak photo-induced signals, the RLC detection scheme is sensitive enough to detect individual photons of light.Â
Elementary Rocket Launch II
Authors: Schieble Judy
Published: January 2015

The Elementary Rocket Launch Program is sponsored by Spaceport Sheboygan. Spaceport Sheboygan is a knowledge center of interactive science / space exhibits, programs for students and the public. Through hands-on activity of rocket construction students develop teamwork and critical thinking skills while applying STEM concepts.Â
Lassen Volcanic Fumaroles and Hot Springs: Analog for Mars
Authors: McHenry Lindsay J. , Gerard Teri L. , Walters Gabrielle L.
Published: January 2015

We are conducting a pilot study on the hydrothermal alteration of lavas at Lassen Volcanic National Park as an analog for potential hydrothermal deposits on Mars. Lassen has hot springs and fumaroles that have altered its lavas into silica, sulfates, and phyllosilicates, all mineral types also identified on Mars. Hydrothermal environments were likely common on Mars (due to evidence of early aqueous and a long record of volcanic activity), and such environments could have remained habitable long after the surface cooled and desiccated. However, some hydrothermal environments are more habitable than others, and being able to distinguish between the deposits of hostile acid-sulfate fumarole and more accommodating near-neutral hot spring environments can provide clues to habitability. Lassen hydrothermal environments produce silica by both acid-sulfate leaching and precipitation from neutral hydrothermal waters, both of which have been suggested as potential origins for deposits in Columbia Hills of Gusev Crater on Mars.Â
Team Jarts Rocket Design
Authors: Foster Brett , Hintz Joe , Logisz Eric , Schulz Cameron
Published: January 2015

The objective of the 2013 Wisconsin Space Grant Consortium collegiate rocket competition was to construct a rocket to achieve an apogee of 3,000 feet and recover the rocket safely in flyable condition The rocket was designed to reach an apogee of 3000 feet. The main feature of the rocket includes passively controlling the drag to control the altitude reached. This is done by initial design of the airframe and fins. The other feature is deploying a drogue parachute on the ascent of the rocket in order to stop the rocket at 3000 feet. The rocket was designed to achieve an apogee greater than 3000 feet so that the deployment of a drogue parachute can stop the rocket at 3000 feet. Fiberglass tubing makes up the rocket due to its high strength and durability. Extra support was designed into the rocket to ensure that zippering does not occur. The rocket design included resulting in stable rocket based on the center of pressure and center of gravity. The recovery system of the rocket involves a dual deployment system. A drogue parachute is to be deployed at 2900 feet to stop the rocket at 3000 feet and control the rockets descent until the main parachute is deployed. The main parachute is then deployed at 700 feet and controls the rocket descent until landing on the ground. There is also a second set of ejection charges that will deploy the drogue parachute at apogee and the main parachute at 500 feet if the main charges do not deploy them. These ejection charges are fired by the MARSA4 and PerfectFlite StratoLogger altimeters. There is also a motor ejection charge backup based on a time delay to ensure the deployment of a parachute.Â
A Hubble Instrument Comes Home: UW-Madison's High Speed Photometer
Authors: Lattis James
Published: January 2015

WSGC provided generous support to return the High Speed Photometer (HSP) to Wisconsin to be used for public education and outreach at UW Space Place. HSP was one of the original five science instruments built for and launched with the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). Declared to be federal surplus equipment in autumn 2011, HSP was acquired by UW Space Place and brought to Madison to be put on exhibit and used for public education. As the only research photometer built specifically for HST, HSP is an important part of the history of astronomical instrumentation and one of the most important astronomical instruments to come from Wisconsin.Â
Rocket Science for Educators Workshop for Science Technology and Mathematics
Authors: Treichel Todd
Published: January 2015

The Wisconsin AIAA chapter has leveraged the talent of its members to provide a variety of outreach opportunities for precollege aged students. Hands-on demonstrations, visual aids, and real-life space flight examples provide a foundation for bringing pre-college aged students face-to-face with space-related science, designed hardware, technology, and potential benefits; increased interest in aerospace and space related fields that lead to study at the university level followed by career. The Rocket Science for Educators program consists of a workshop used to assist schools in implementing rocket science into respective math or science curriculums. Grant assistance provided by the Wisconsin Space Grant Consortium (WSGC) makes this workshop possible. Participating educators attend a weekend workshop and receive a set of rocket science materials that they may take back to their respective schools. This workshop is taught by aerospace professionals where they provide a unique opportunity for teachers to provide meaningful activities in their classrooms and improve student performance in the fields of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics.Â
EAA Women Soar â€“ Expanding Horizons
Authors: Skiles Jeffrey
Published: January 2015

Women Soar brings together young women with female mentors who help to expose the participants to math, science, and technology through aviation. Participants have a chance to learn more about programs that can support career goals that have traditionally been male dominated and are able to network with one another to provide support for themselves.Â
Population Analysis of Seyfert Galaxies in the Coma-Abell 1367 Supercluster
Authors: Jones Megan , Wilcots Eric
Published: January 2015

We are studying the population of active galaxies residing both in and out of groups along the Coma-Abell 1367 supercluster to look at the occurrence of Seyfert galaxies. We are also measuring the level of activity, as defined by active galactic nuclei (AGN) and star formation rates in the galaxy groups. Our goal is then to relate this information to determine any environmental correlation of these two features. We report on the distribution of Seyfert galaxies as a function of environment across the supercluster and probe the characteristics of the population of groups that currently host at least one Seyfert.Â
Developing a Focal Plane Array at the GBT for 21 cm Astronomy
Authors: Anderson Christopher
Published: January 2015

Progress has been made on the design of a 9 receiver array in the 700 to 945 MHz range to replace the single receiver in that frequency range currently in use at the Green Bank Telescope (GBT) in West Virginia. The new array will increase the rate of data collection ~9x in ongoing 21 cm intensity mapping, and it should also be a valuable resource for other users of the GBT. The following paper describes the science of 21 cm intensity mapping and the work that has been done in designing the receiver for the focal plane array.Â
The Origin of the Elements
Authors: Lesher Shelley R. , Arend A.
Published: January 2015

There are about 35 nuclei found in nature, which are not susceptible to neutron capture and are explained by the p-process. The modeling for this process requires thousands of nuclear reactions involving both stable and unstable nuclei including (Î±,Î±), (Î±,p) and (Î±,Î³) reactions. In a recent experiment, the cross section of the reaction 120Te(Î±,p)123I was measured in the energy range of astrophysical interest for the p-process. The Î± beam from the Notre Dame FN Tandem Van de Graaff accelerator bombarded highly enriched self-supporting 120Te targets and the Î³-rays from the activated 123I was counted with a pair of Ge clover detectors in close geometry.Â
Spacesuit Dust Removal Techniques in Microgravity
Authors: Olson Aaron , Mason Julie , Bezrouk Collin
Published: January 2015

Preventing and removing the build-up of regolith on an astronautâ€™s space suit is a major issue facing future manned exploration missions. The dust poses a health threat to astronauts; it also adversely affects their equipment. The Field Integrated Regolith Cleaning Experiment (FIRCE) was designed to study different techniques for removing regolith as well as reviewing what commercial off-the-shelf products were best suited for cleaning space suit orthofabric and polycarbonate (used on the astronautâ€™s visor). All of the commercial products worked well in both the 1-g environment as well as the 0-g environment. All were ranked above a 7.0/10 for ease of use and above 7.6/10 for cleaning effectiveness. A custom made magnetic brush, designed to attract the regolithâ€™s static charge was not effective at removing dust because the humidity in the air prevented the build-up of static charge on the regolith.Â
Test and Analysis of the Mass Properties for the PRANDTL-D Aircraft
Authors: Callan Kimberly
Published: January 2015

The main objective of the "PRANDTL-D" project is to obtain the stability and control derivative yawing moment due to aileron deflection, CnÎ´a. The sign of CnÎ´a determines whether the "PRANDTL-D" aircraft experienced proverse or adverse yaw during flight. Proverse yaw, the desirable outcome, occurs when the aircraft yaws in the same direction as the turn due to a novel wing twist and bell-shaped lift distribution. Accurate moments of inertia are essential in order to create a dynamic model of the aircraft and compute the stability and control derivatives, including CnÎ´a. The robustness of the aircraft simulation also depends on the uncertainty of the mass properties. To obtain the moments of inertia, the aircraft will be hung from two filars and rotated in a bifilar pendulum test. A wireless inertial measurement unit will be used to capture the rotation rate data during testing. This data will be used in a bifilar pendulum simulation to analyze the data and obtain the experimental values. For the tests, our team used Pro Engineer to predict the moments of inertia, designed the test structure and specific testing procedures, and created a Simulink model of the bifilar pendulum test.Â
Development of a Passive Check Valve for Cryogenic Applications
Authors: Moore Bradley
Published: January 2015

Future astrophysics missions will rely on a new generation of cooling technologies to improve the resolution of infrared and x-ray sensors. A novel continuous cold cycle dilution refrigerator (CCDR) has been proposed by Prof. F.K. Miller to provide cooling for these sensors at temperatures below 100mK. A passive check valve for liquid 4He-3He mixtures is a key technological innovation required to implement the CCDR, as will be further explained in the paper. The design of a reed style passive check valve and initial results from tests with helium gas at room temperature and 80K will be detailed.Â
Prototype Framework for Dynamic Probabilistic Risk Assessment of Space-Flight Medical Events
Authors: Pajunen Kirsti
Published: January 2015

Medical problems in space, while not necessarily common, can be life and mission threatening. Because of this, a model has been created to assess the risk of certain medical events under space mission conditions called the Integrated Medical Model (IMM). The model uses a type of risk analysis called Probabilistic Risk Assessment. An effort is being conducted to convert these static models to Dynamic PRA (DynaPRA) models. These models would integrate changing conditions in space missions such as human interaction, changing system components, and environmental factors and apply a risk analysis to find more complete and useful probabilities of certain medical events occurring to astronauts in space. To this end, a prototype DynaPRA framework was created during the first three months of the project using the existing IMM hip, wrist, and lumbar spine bone fracture models as a case study. After the initial implementation was complete, ideas were generated for applying this framework to the rest of the IMM.Â
Improving Cloud and Moisture Representation in Weather Prediction Model Analyses with Geostationary Satellite Information
Authors: Gerth Jordan
Published: January 2015

This paper develops a methodology for an experiment with several parallel regional Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model simulations initialized with satellite-based retrievals. The intent is to clarify the impact of observations, in the form of retrievals, from the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) Sounder on 12, 24, and 36-hour WRF model forecasts of precipitable water. Two experimental analyses are built from a CIMSS Regional Assimilation System (CRAS) pre-forecast spin-up. The CRAS assimilates precipitable water and cloud products derived from the GOES Sounder. An experimentation period between late September and early October 2011 found that the majority of impact in the experimental simulations compared to the control is recognized in the total precipitable water field over the first 12 hours.Â