bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Zn and Se supplementation abrogated metals-(metaloids) mixture mediated ocular-thymus toxicity via modulation of oxido-inflammatory and antiapoptotic mechanisms in female Sprague Dawley rats
Authors:   African Centre of Excellence for Public Health and Toxicological Research (ACE-PUTOR), University of Port Harcourt, Choba, Nigeria, Antia Mfoniso , Ezejiofor Anthonet N. ,   African Centre of Excellence for Public Health and Toxicological Research (ACE-PUTOR), University of Port Harcourt, Choba, Nigeria, Orish Chinna N. ,   Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Port Harcourt, Choba, Nigeria, Ugwu Theresa ,   Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Madonna University, Elele, Rivers State, Nigeria, Cirovic Ana ,   University of Belgrade, Faculty of Medicine, The Institute of Anatomy, Belgrade, Serbia, Cirovic Aleksandar ,   University of Belgrade, Faculty of Medicine, The Institute of Anatomy, Belgrade, Serbia, Ajibo Doris N. ,   Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Port Harcourt, Choba, Nigeria, Orisakwe Orish E. ,   African Centre of Excellence for Public Health and Toxicological Research (ACE-PUTOR), University of Port Harcourt, Choba, Nigeria
Published: December 2024

Introduction and aim. This is an evaluation of the protective effects of Zn and Se in the eye and thymus of rats exposed to cock tail noxious metal mixtures (CNMM) (Al, Pb, Hg and Mn) in ameliorating ocular pathologies due to autoimmunity.
Material and methods. Female Sprague rats were grouped into eight (n=5) and orally exposed to various treatments for a period of 60 days: (1): the control group receive deionized water only; (2): the CNMM only group received lead acetate Pb(C2H3O2)2 (20 mg/kg), AlCl3 (35 mg/kg), HgCl2 (0.40 mg/kg) and MnCl2 (0.56 mg/kg); (3) received CNMM+ZnCl2, 0.80 mg/kg; (4) received CNMM+Na2SeO3, 1.50 mg/kg; (5) received CNMM+ZnCl2, 0.80 mg/kg and Na2SeO3, 1.50 mg/kg combination. Oxidative stress markers, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2, nuclear factor kappa B, interleukin 6, tumor necrosis factor alpha and caspase-3 and histopathological changes were determined.
Results. CNMM decreased antioxidants levels but increased malondialdehyde and nitric oxide concentrations. CNMM in creased levels of nuclear factor erythroid 2- related factor 2, and nuclear factor kappa B, interleukin 6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha and caspase-3. There was moderate retinal degeneration and total cell loss at the ganglionic cell layer in the eye; severe degenerative thymus, lymphocyte depletion and multifocal necrosis in CNMM only.
Conclusion. Supplementation with Zn and Se reduced the biochemical and histopathological changes in the eye and thymus in response to CNMM exposure.
Trends of in-hospital maternal mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic in southern Morocco – analysis of a time series from 2016–2022
Authors:   Laboratory of Biostatistics, Clinical Research and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Rabat, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco, Oumbarek Keltouma , Razine Rachid ,   Laboratory of Biostatistics, Clinical Research and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Rabat, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco, Lkoul Abdelmajid ,   Laboratory of Biostatistics, Clinical Research and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Rabat, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco, Mahlaq Safiya ,   Laboratory of Biostatistics, Clinical Research and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Rabat, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco, El Hilali Samia ,   Laboratory of Biostatistics, Clinical Research and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Rabat, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco, Lahlou Laila ,   Laboratory of Health and Science, Therapeutic Innovation, Translational Research, and Epidemiology. Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco, Baba ID Mohamed Amine ,   Laboratory REGNE “Rein Endocrinology Gastroenterology Neurosciences Ethics”, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Agadir, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco, Kharbach Ahmed ,   Laboratory of Biostatistics, Clinical Research and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Rabat, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco, Obtel Majdouline ,   Laboratory of Biostatistics, Clinical Research and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Rabat, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
Published: December 2024

Introduction and aim. The aim of this study was to compare trends of in-hospital maternal mortality in southern Morocco be fore and after the COVID-19 pandemic emerged in the Kingdom in March 2020.
Material and methods. We conducted a retrospective study of a time series of hospital maternal deaths from January 2016 to December 2022. Data were collected from maternal death registers and monthly reports from maternity departments of six public hospitals in Souss Massa region (one regional and five provincial hospitals).
Results. 216 maternal deaths occurred during the study period, 112 before and 104 during the pandemic. The highest annual maternal mortality ratio (MMR) was observed in 2021 (207.41 deaths/100,000 live births). Trends of monthly MMR showed a significant increase during the pandemic compared with the pre-pandemic period (p=0.002). Furthermore, an extremely high MMR value (977.57/100,000 live births) was noted in August 2021 (the Delta wave). There was a significant difference in the distribution of causes of maternal death. Proportion of indirect causes were tripled during the pandemic (from 8% to 24%), with 17/104 (16.3%) deaths related to SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia.
Conclusion. In-hospital MMR increased in public hospitals of the Souss Massa region during the COVID-19 pandemic, particu larly in the third quarter of 2021.
Thin Squeak of a Sparrow. The Case of Hieromonk Hieronymus of Solovki as a Manifestation of an Internal Ideological Conflict in Russia at the Beginning of the Reign of Nicholas I (1829–1830)
Authors: Orlov Aleksandr
Published: December 2024

Introduction. By the time of Alexander I’s death in November 1825, the internal ideological conflict in Russia had reached its peak. The Decembrist Uprising proved that liberal reforms had put the country on the brink of revolution. In this regard, the aim of the article is to show the chaotic situation in which the new emperor, Nicholas I, had to develop and affirm in the public consciousness different versions of state policy from the previous ones. Methods. The research methods are the case study method, which consists in analyzing the documents deposited in the State Archives of the Russian Federation on the investigation in the Third Department of His Imperial Majesty Chancellery of the case of Hieromonk Hieronymus of the Great Tikhvin Monastery, as well as classical methods of analysis, primarily the method of historical anthropology, which shows in this example the reaction of representatives of different social groups in Russia to the crisis. This subject has not yet been studied in Russian historiography. It is studied on the basis of unpublished documents of the State Archives of the Russian Federation. Analysis. At the beginning of the 19th century, Russian society was in a state of constant upheaval. The representatives of the highest authorities were not confident that they could count on the support of the nobility as a single corporation or the foreign servicemen who occupied responsible posts. But the danger of the situation also lay in the fact that the authorities could not and did not want to rely on representatives of the underprivileged strata of society, to which Hieronymus belonged. Results. The article concludes that the extreme centralization of government was a forced step by Nicholas I in order to stop any ideological polemics that were destroying the state. This affected many, including even those who, like Hieromonk Hieronymus, who had certain fame in religious circles and among the laity, could create public sentiments that would contribute to the future perception of the famous ideological triad of Nicholas’s reign (the theory of official nationality).
Evolution of the Agricultural Sector in Pre-Revolutionary Russia: Regional Context
Authors: Rozinskaya Natalia
Published: December 2024

Introduction. The subject of the research in this article is the degree of development of the agricultural sector of the Russian Empire achieved in the pre-revolutionary period. An attempt is made to answer the question of the completeness of the agricultural revolution in the Russian Empire in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Methods and materials. Methodologically, the author follows the institutional approach, sharing the view on the importance of the institutions’ analysis for proper explanation of socio-economic processes. The analysis carried out is based on the works of pre-revolutionary, Soviet, and post-Soviet authors, exploring the main factors of modernization at the regional level. The article uses extensive statistical material on the main indicators characterizing the evolution of agriculture. Analysis. The author proceeds from the fact that due to the very wide variety of socio-economic, geographical, and climatic conditions in the various territories that were part of Russia, significant scientific results can only be obtained by introducing a regional component into the analysis, that is, by considering the degree of completion of the agrarian revolution separately for the main regions. The article examines the characteristics necessary to answer the question of whether the agricultural sector of a given region complies with the criteria by which one can judge the completion of the agricultural revolution. The results obtained allow us to draw the next conclusions. First, in pre-revolutionary Russia there were very large regional differences, leading to limited usefulness of using values aggregated at the national level. Secondly, various criteria corresponding to a certain level of development did not coincide in individual regions of the Russian Empire. Thirdly, apart from two Baltic provinces, as well as Poland and Finland, which remained outside the scope of analysis, in the rest of the Russian Empire, the agricultural revolution in the pre-revolutionary period was far from complete.
The History of the Generational Evolution of the Labor Market: Indicators and Results (Based on the Materials of the Population Censuses in the Volgograd Region in 1979–2002)
Authors: Ivanova Tatiana
Published: December 2024

Introduction. The relevance and purpose of this study are determined by the importance of the labor market in regional development. The choice of an object is determined by the formation of an able-bodied population in different social conditions over a relatively short historical period of time and the need for assessment for subsequent forecasting of the changes that have occurred due to this. Materials and methods. The open materials of the All-Union (1979) and All-Russian (1989 and 2002) population censuses were used. Historical-evolutionary, historical-comparative, and statistical approaches, as well as the method of groupings based on the theory of generations, are applied. Results. For generations silent, baby boomers, X, Y (millennials), and Z, such characteristics as the share in the population, the ratio by sex, place of residence, features of sources of livelihood, types of activities, groups of occupations, and others were revealed. Their differences in the conditions of centralized, transitional, market-based public relation and commonality due to the general biological and digital conditions of formation, as well as the influence of these factors on the nature and depth of processing of the recorded indicators, are shown. Conclusions. The increasing propensity of younger generations to perform skilled labor functions, low willingness to engage in unskilled labor, and interest in diversifying activities. This implies the need for further restructuring of the labor relations system and methods of forecasting the appropriate directions of its transformation. Funding. The article was prepared with the financial support of the Russian Science Foundation and the Committee for Economic Policy and Development of the Volgograd Region, grant No. 24-28-20066, https://rscf.ru/project/24-28-20066/
Elder Kapiton and the Monasteries Founded by Him
Authors: Bashnin Nikita
Published: December 2024

Introduction. The scientific literature pays considerable attention to the Old Believers and religious movements in the 17th century. It is believed that one of the leaders of the mass peasant movement of Old Believers was the preacher elder Kapiton. According to historians, from 1666 to 1897, about 20 thousand people burned down in Russia. These figures, as well as the fact that the tradition of self-immolation has existed for several centuries, indicate the relevance of covering the biography of one of the founders of the radical trend in the Old Believers of the 17th century, Elder Kapiton. Methods and materials. The method of archival heuristics made it possible to identify new documents in the fund 1260 in GAVO, collection 117 in the Archive of the SPBI RAS, and the fund 281 in RGADA. Comparative and retrospective methods were used to analyze these documents. Analysis. In the 1660s and 80s, self-immolations of “kapitons” took place in the Vologda and Belozersk dioceses, but they were not connected with the Kapiton monastery. Elder Kapiton came to the Vologda diocese and in 1630 founded the monastery of Holy Savior at Knyaginino, after which in 1634 he went to Kostroma county, where he built the Trinity Kolesnikov monastery, where the conflict occurred in 1639. In the monastery of Holy Savior at Knyaginino, after Kapiton’s departure, Daniel became abbot, but after his death, monastic life was interrupted in the 1660s and 90s. Results. In historiography, conflicts were associated with spiritual pursuits and the teachings of elder Kapiton, which contradicted the position of the official Church. However, one should also take into account the factor of a possible clash for land and commercial lands with peasants in Totemsky district and the rivalry for spiritual influence in the lively roadside village Danilovskiy, combined with the struggle for land in the district of this settlement with the Transfiguration Monastery. Funding. Research for this article was funded by a grant from the Russian Science Foundation, Grant No. 20-78-10060-П, https://rscf.ru/project/20-78-10060/.
Effect of peppermint leaf extract and peppermint oil on the flour beetle Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)
Authors: Alshaibani Zaman Abdulkadhım , Al-esawy Mushtaq , İlbaş Ali İrfan
Published: December 2024

The red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), is among the global storage pests that lead to the deterioration of grains and stored products. A series of laboratory experiments were conducted to evaluate the efficiency of different concentrations of Mentha piperita L. (Lamiaceae) oil and leaf methanol extracts against the rust-red flour beetle in the different instars. The results of the present study showed that the mint, M. piperita, oil treatments at all concentrations used (8%, 10%, or 12%) were significantly effective, resulting in remarkable individual mortality of T. castaneum third instar larvae and adult mortality compared to the treatment of the peppermint methanol leaf extract at the highest concentration. Peppermint oil showed insecticidal effect against the third instar larvae of the red flour beetle, especially where sprayed at the highest concentration of 12%. The post-treatment results after seventh days showed 94% adult mortality and 82% mortality in the third instar of larvae. This study confirmed the possibility of using mint essential oil at relatively low concentrations as environmentally friendly product in controlling the rust-red flour beetle T. castaneum.
Влияние анизотропии проницаемости и свойств дна на тепловую конвекцию в донных отложениях
Authors:   Perm State University, Samoilova Anna E. ,   Institute of Continuous Media Mechanics UB RAS, Egorova Anastasia A. ,   Perm State University,   Institute of Continuous Media Mechanics UB RAS
Published: December 2024

We study how the surface boundary condition and permeability anisotropy influence the convective instability in seabed sediments. The sediments are modeled as a horizontal two-layer system consisting of an upper porous layer saturated with water (impurities are neglected) and a lower impermeable semi-infinite massif. Two types of boundary conditions for the filtration flow at the upper surface (the bottom of the water body) are considered: an open boundary and an impermeable boundary. A linear stability analysis is performed within the adjoint problem of convection in the porous layer and the heat transfer in the impermeable massif below. The stream function and the temperature of convective instability are calculated depending on the values of the permeability anisotropy parameter. It is shown that the stagnation point within the convective roll shifts down to the lower boundary of the porous layer in a medium with greater anisotropy. The temperature field penetrates deeper into the impermeable massif with increasing permeability anisotropy. We obtained equations defining the neutral stability curves for different values of the anisotropy parameter and under different upper boundary conditions. The convective threshold increases with the decreasing permeability of the upper boundary. An increase in anisotropy significantly lowers the convective instability threshold and decreases the critical wave number. In the limit of strong permeability anisotropy, when the liquid flows through the porous medium in the horizontal direction almost without resistance, convection becomes longwave, the convective threshold is an order of magnitude lower compared to an isotropic medium.
Artificial intelligence for optimized routine administrative tasks: Opportunities, challenges and prospects
Authors:   Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Izmaylov Maxim K.
Published: December 2024

Introduction. Artificial intelligence (AI) is a field of computer science aimed at creating systems to perform tasks that require intellectual abilities. Digital economy combined with AI creates new opportunities, including optimized administrative routine tasks executed by the heads of modern commercial organizations. This gives the relevance to the present research.

Purpose. The purpose is to study trends in AI development for optimized routine administrative tasks, outline perspective areas for its further development.

Methods. The study refers to general traditional scientific methods: deduction, analysis, systematization.

Results. The author explores the trends in the development of artificial intelligence, reviews and describes the technologies and methods of its use in management. The use of AI technologies in the Russian enterprises is also looked at.

Conclusions. The study reveals that the introduction of AI technologies to deal with administrative routine tasks provides an opportunity to simplify and accelerate the work of employees, and improve production efficiency. This causes many Russian companies to start using AI in their activities or further integrate it into the management process.
Designing a business model strategy in the digital economy: Directions and challenges
Authors:   Perm State University, Pashchenko Tatiana V.
Published: December 2024

Introduction. The current development stage of society and economy is characterized by an extensive introduction of digital technologies. They change the production processes, give rise to new processes, and create new products. This both transforms and enhances business with new approaches to its structure and radically changes business models.

Purpose. In this study, the author aims at proposing a sequence of actions for designing new business models and their introduction in the organization's activities.

Materials and Methods. The author refers to a monographic method for theoretical grounds and a systematic integrated approach for developing proposals. The author analyzes the nature of actions to be performed to transform business processes with regard to their implementability in the context of digital technologies.

Results. First, the author summarizes the possible transformation scenarios in different sectors of economics. This reveals typical features and elements of business models with digital technologies. Second, the author has established typical actions to design business models. This outlines a sequence of actions to develop a strategy of the business model’s digital transformation.

Conclusions. The results are novel as the article proposes a general algorithm of actions for the business models’ design determined by the use of digital technologies. The author analyzed the approaches and found out that they are developed for some specific sectors of economy. The approach proposed by the author can be of interest to the Boards of Directors to develop a business transformation strategy, to the in-house auditors to assess growth opportunities, and the organizations’ top managers to justify the choice of further growth area for their business.
From reactive to proactive public management in the age of digital transformation
Authors:   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Bochanov M. A.
Published: December 2024

Introduction: the transition from reactive to proactive public management dictates
working out new approaches to the provision of public services, the possible introduction
of a social rating system and the use of artificial intelligence to optimize management processes.
Objectives: to analyze the aspects and consequences of the transition to a proactive model
of public administration in the context of digital transformation. The focus is on efficiency
and quality of governance while taking proactive measures. Methods: based on interdisciplinary
approach, the study used methods of comparative analysis, synthesis of information and expert
assessments. Results: the study revealed the potential benefits of proactive management,
such as increasing the efficiency of government agencies, improving interaction with citizens,
and increasing public trust in the authorities. However, risks related to data confidentiality
and possible loss of privacy have been also identified. Conclusions: the transition to a proactive
management model is a necessary condition for ensuring competitiveness and sustainable
development of the state in the modern world.
Interaction and management of universities mechanism in the ecosystem of the region’s sustainable development
Authors:   Higher School of Economics, Perm branch, Kotomina Olga V.
Published: December 2024

Introduction: sustainable development is becoming a priority of state regional
policy. Universities are significant actors in the socio-economic system of the region,
but to date they are not sufficiently involved in solving the problems of the region’s sustainable
development. The regions lack methodological approaches to managing higher education
for sustainable regional development. Objectives: to develop a mechanism for interaction
and regional system of universities management to ensure the region’s sustainable
development. Methods: systematization, generalization, conceptual modeling. Results:
the article justifies the ecosystem approach application in the context of the region’s
sustainable development, presents a conceptual model of the ecosystem and outlines
the special role of universities in it. A model for assessing the operation level of regional
system of universities and the relationship with the region’s sustainable development
is described. This assessment produces the basis for the region’s typology to select methods
and tools for influencing the regional system of universities. The organizational and economic
mechanism developed by the author combines the management mechanism (state influence
of a vertical type) and the interaction mechanism (interaction of equal subjects (actors)
in the ecosystem). Conclusions: it is assumed that the use of the proposed mechanism will
contribute to improving the operational level of universities and to achieving the goals
of the region’s sustainable development.
ASSESSMENT OF THE OPERABILITY OF AN OIL COLLECTION PIPELINE OPERATED IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE FAR NORTH
Authors: Garifullina G.I. , Yagafarova K.N. , Marchenko I.A.
Published: December 2024

Ensuring reliable and safe operation of field oil pipelines is the most important strategic direction for the stable development of regions remote from the central part of the Russian Federation. The peculiarity of the operation of oil collection pipelines in the Far North is associated with a harsh climate (low temperatures, high humidity, long winter (from 6.5 to 9 months) and short summer periods), difficulty in maintenance due to remoteness and inaccessibility. Oil collection pipelines are operated under conditions of changing pressure of the pumped fluid, vibrations, and cyclic loads. One of the main causes of pipe failure is corrosion damage as a result of both internal and external corrosion. This article examines the effect of low-cycle corrosion fatigue on ensuring a stable pipeline operation and preventing the occurrence of various emergency situations. An important engineering task is to determine the rate of crack development under various operating conditions and conditions of equipment and to assess the durability of metal structures. Corrosion and fatigue failure of equipment is a serious problem that occurs as a result of crack formation, their growth and uncontrolled equipment breakage. The influence of factors such as stress concentration, structural features of the material, composition and time of exposure to a corrosive environment determine the fatigue resistance of the material. The authors' earlier studies of the structural and mechanical properties of materials of oil and gas equipment operated under conditions of complicating factors and a corrosive environment showed changes in the mechanical characteristics of the equipment material. As a result of simultaneous exposure to mechanical loads, including cyclic, and corrosive media, the tensile strength, yield strength and hardness of the equipment material are significantly reduced.The purpose of the study is to predict the resource of a field oil pipeline with crack-like defects operated in the conditions of the Far North. The tasks for achieving the set goal are defined: — according to the data of the technological services, determine the operating conditions of the oil collection pipeline; — to analyze the chemical composition of the material in order to determine the grade of steel; — to establish the effect of changes in the depth of the crack in the pipeline on the stress intensity coefficient K; — select the dependence of the crack growth rate on the stress intensity coefficient, taking into account the steel grade and the operating conditions of the pipeline; — to assess the resource of the oil collection pipeline with identified defects.
IDENTIFICATION OF LITHOLOGICAL AND FACIES FEATURES OF SEDIMENTS BASED ON MACHINE LEARNING METHODS
Authors: Zalevsky O.A. , Kotenev Yu.A. , Sultanov Sh.Kh. , Sharafutdinov A.R.
Published: December 2024

In the context of increasing computing power and the general depletion of open hydrocarbon reserves, the issue of detailing permanently operating geological and hydrodynamic models of deposits becomes more relevant. Building detailed models of hydrocarbon deposits is a time-consuming task that requires a large number of specialists of various profiles. The distribution of reservoir properties of sediments, mainly formed by lithological and facies conditions, and tectonic features of the development of the studied object have the greatest influence on the geological structure of the territory. The identification of these factors is associated with the interpretation of a wide range of data — borehole information (core material and data from geophysical studies of wells), geophysical work (seismic, gravity and electrical exploration). The automation of the primary data interpretation allows specialists to save time on the formation of general patterns of the territory's structure, as well as to detail the resulting models using more initial information. This paper presents the experience in developing an algorithm for processing data from geophysical studies of wells to isolate lithological and facies bodies in a section. The study was conducted on a site located in the Shaimsky oil and gas region of the West Siberian megaprovincial oil and gas area. The complex genesis of the productive strata led to the formation of traps with lithological, stratigraphic, and tectonic elements. Productive Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous sediments have different origins and are confined to both continental and marine environments. The effectiveness of the proposed approach was evaluated based on data from nine wells, where a preliminary lithological and facies analysis of sediment samples was conducted. Support vector machines and k-nearest neighbors were selected as the main algorithms for data classification. The results obtained demonstrated the potential of this technique. However, further analysis of different algorithmsand transformation of the initial logging curves is required to confirm its efficiency. The data collected during the operation of the machine learning model can significantly reduce the time needed for information interpretation. Lithofacies zones identified in the intervals contribute to improving the efficiency of hydrocarbon reserve development by influencing operational facilities and enabling targeted methods for enhanced oil recovery.
TECHNOLOGY OF COMPLETION OF PRODUCING WELLS THAT HAVE OPENED THE SLIGHTLY SATURATED ZONE OF A GAS DEPOSIT
Authors: Vaganov Yu.V. , Ovchinnikov V.P. , Khafizov A.R. , Leontiev D. S.
Published: December 2024

To date, the main share of natural gas produced falls on the Cenomanian productive complex in the north of Western Siberia (Bovanenkovskoye, Medvezhye, Zapolyarnoye, Yamburgskoye, Urengoy deposits). The listed fields have already entered a late stage of development, which is characterized by an intensive decrease in reservoir pressures, production well flow rates, as well as an increase in water occurrences at the bottom of wells as a result of the formation of formation waters. In the Cenomanian gas deposits, four zones of gas saturation are distinguished geologically: the zone of maximum saturation, from which the main production of natural gas is carried out; the zone of undersaturation; the transition zone; the zone of residual saturation. During the opening and development of the last three, a high water content of the extracted products is observed, caused by a two-phase flow of liquid with an advanced movement of the formation waters of the Cenomanian complex. The authors propose a technology for completing gas production wells that have opened the transition zone of the Cenomanian deposit. The technology includes drilling a well for a conductor, lowering a garden column; carrying out cementing work in a backwater space, followed by waiting for cement to harden; drilling a well for an operational column with opening a productive reservoir to its full thickness; lowering an operational column; cementing and waiting for cement to harden; flushing a well with a solution of calcium chloride; drilling a packer; injection of hydrochloric acid into the sub-container space and destruction of fusible inserts; the descent of a drill string with a packer of mechanical action and pushing into the pore structure of a productive formation with a transition zone of a composition based on hydrophobic organosilicon liquids and ethyl esters of orthosilicic acid; the formation of a waterproofing shield in a productive formation with a transition zone, the lower part of which, upon contact of ethyl esters of orthosilicic acid with water, becomes impermeable to water, and the upper part is carried out into the well when it is put into operation, the descent of the downhole equipment. At the end, the well is mastered and put into operation. The proposed technology avoids the problem of the negative effect of the grouting solution on the reservoir properties of the productive formation used in the cementing of the production column, as well as the influence of the perforating fluid during the work on the secondary opening of the productive horizon.
ON THE NEED FOR A DIFFERENTIATED APPROACH TO CHOOSING THE DENSITY OF THE WELL GRID FOR THE DEPOSITS OF THE TOURNAISIAN TIER
Authors: Kuleshova L.S.
Published: December 2024

The relevance of the research topic is due to the presence of significant residual oil reserves within the Volga-Ural oil and gas province, the cost-effective and rational extraction of which is possible only with the implementation of a sound scientific and methodological approach to choosing the optimal distance between wells, which will improve the technical and economic performance of oil producing enterprises. The problem of the influence of the well grid density on the oil recovery coefficient is one of the fundamental tasks of field development, in particular, at the final stage of their operation. The purpose of this work is to improve the process of selecting the density of the well grid by implementing the grouping of deposits during the implementation of various stages of applied geological and statistical modeling. The object of the study is the deposits of the Tournaisian tier of the Birskaya saddle, the South Tatar arch and the Blagoveshchensk depression. For the objects under consideration, the dependences of the final oil recovery coefficient during their operation under natural conditions to the limit of economic profitability on the density of the well grid and the productivity coefficient determined after the wells reach the maximum optimal flow rate are constructed. It has been reliably determined that when constructing dependencies and using them, a differentiated approach is necessary both between deposits confined to various tectonic-stratigraphic complexes and in the conditions of groups of objects isolated within these elements. Based on the generalization of the results of the development of facilities and the analysis carried out, the position is justified that the choice of the optimal grid density of wells should be made taking into account changes in well productivity over the area of deposits due to significant variability of geological and physical parameters. Models have been obtained that make it possible to solve at a representative level the issues of optimizing the density of the well grid differentially by deposits, taking into account the features of the geological structure, reflected using quantitative indicators characterizing the geological, physical and physico-chemical properties of formations and their saturating fluids. The conclusion is made about the possibility of their use at facilities that, for the deposits considered in the work, are analogous in terms of geological and commercial characteristics.
Parasitosis intestinal y malnutrición en niños de prekínder y primero de primaria de la Unidad Educativa Avelino Mérida y Colegio Adventista de Bolivia
Authors: Colque Flores Celia , Calle Cruz Hirma
Published: December 2024

Objetivo: establecer la prevalencia de parasitosis intestinal y malnutrición en niños de Kínder de la Unidad educativa Avelino Mérida (UEAM) y estudiantes de primero de primaria del Colegio Adventista de Bolivia (CAB). Metodología: la investigación fue descriptivo, transversal. Los participantes fueron 33 estudiantes de curso inicial y 33 de primero de primaria, se tomó muestra coproparasitológica y la aplicación de encuesta a padres. Resultados: la prevalencia de parasitosis intestinal es 51,8% entre la edad de 5 a 7 años, en ambas unidades educativas, con resultados positivos en un 61,9% en estudiantes de la UEAM y 41,7% en el CAB. Los parásitos identificados en heces de estudiantes de la UEAM, fueron 30,8 % Quistes de Giardia Lamblia, 30,8% Quistes de Entamoeba histolytica y 38,5% de Quiste de Blastocystis hominis, en los estudiantes del CAB 60% Quistes de Entamoeba histolytica y 40% Quiste de Blastocystis hominis. Respecto al estado nutricional de los estudiantes, en ambas Unidades Educativas presentan malnutrición en un 32,6% y 5,8 desnutrición, respecto al consumo de agua los estudiantes del UEAM un 42,9% consumen agua hervida y de botellón y 14,3% consume de la pileta. En cambio, los estudiantes del CAB el 34,3% consumen agua hervida, 57,1% del botellón y un 2,9% de la pileta. Conclusión: existe mayor prevalencia de parasitosis intestinal en los estudiantes de la Unidad Educativa Avelino Mérida.
RESIDUAL OF SEMICLASSICALLY CONCENTRATED SOLUTIONS TO A KINETIC EQUATION BY THE EXAMPLE OF NONLOCAL MODEL FOR THE IONIZATION OF ACTIVE MEDIUM
Authors:   Tomsk State University, SHAPOVALOV A.V. ,   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics, KULAGIN A.E. ,   Tomsk Polytechnic University; V.E. Zuev Institute of Atmospheric Optics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, SINIUKOV S.A. ,   Tomsk State University
Published: December 2024

We study the leading term of asymptotics for a solution to the two-dimensional kinetic equation with a nonlocal cubic nonlinearity that is a model of the ionization of active medium. The asymptotic solution under consideration is constructed analytically in the class of trajectory concentrated function within the approximation of weak diffusion. The numerical solution to the model equation corresponding to the asymptotic solution is constructed. Using the analytical and numerical methods, the dependence of the residual of the asymptotic solution on time and asymptotic small parameter is studied. The consistency of asymptotic and numerical solutions is ascertained for the studied range of the equation parameters.
HOLOGRAPHIC DESCRIPTION OF THE LATE UNIVERSE BASED ON GENERALIZED ENTROPY
Authors:   Tomsk State Pedagogical University, TIMOSHKIN A.V. ,   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radio Electronics
Published: December 2024

The holographic principle is applied to the description of the late Universe, taking into account the viscosity property of the dark fluid in the Friedmann - Lemaitre - Robertson - Walker spatial metric. Holographic cosmology is considered based on the generalized entropy function. The idea of generalized cutoff of holographic dark energy, proposed by Nojiri and Odintsov, is used. Cosmological models of a viscous fluid with a generalized equation of state are studied. These models calculate the infrared radius in terms of the particle horizon. The energy conservation laws are obtained from the holographic point of view. It is shown that the entropy cosmology, built on the basis of the generalized entropy function, is equivalent to the holographic cosmology, in which the holographic cutoff is defined in terms of the particle horizon.
ON THE CLUSTER STRUCTURE OF NICKEL-ALUMINUM MELTS
Authors:   Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, TYAGUNOV A.G. , TYAGUNOV G.V. ,   Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, BARYSHEV E.E. ,   Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, VANDYSHEVA I.V. ,   Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, MUSHNIKOV V.S. ,   Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, ZAITSEVA N.A. ,   Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin
Published: December 2024

Nickel-aluminum melts with an aluminum content of less than 30 at.% have been analyzed on the basis of a cluster model of the structure of metallic liquids. The results of computational and experimental estimates of the parameters of the cluster structure of the melt in relation to the state diagram of the Ni-Al system are presented. It has been suggested that a second-order phase transition of the «liquid-liquid» type or LLT transition takes place in the structure of the melt at temperatures exceeding critical temperatures ( t ≥ t c).
SYNTHESIS OF HIGH-ENTROPY CERAMICS (Y0.2YB0.2LU0.2EU0.2ER0.2)3AL5O12 FOR THERMAL PROTECTIVE COATINGS
Authors:   Tomsk Polytechnic University, GHYNGAZOV S.A. , VASIL'EV I.P. ,   Tomsk Polytechnic University, BOLTUEVA V.A. ,   Tomsk Polytechnic University, VLASOV V.A. ,   Tomsk Polytechnic University, NASYRBAEV A. ,   Tomsk Polytechnic University
Published: December 2024

Thermal barrier coatings are used to protect the surface of gas turbine engine blades. The use of such simple oxides as Al2O3, mullite, and yttria-stabilized zirconium dioxide for their manufacture is limited due to their high thermal conductivity and the presence of phase transformations. Improving the properties of thermal barrier coatings can be achieved by using high-entropy ceramic materials. Solid-phase synthesis of high-entropy ceramics (Y0.2Yb0.2Lu0.2Eu0.2Er0.2)3Al5O12 was carried out using a spark plasma sintering installation. The synthesis of ceramics was carried out under vacuum conditions in the volume of a mold at a temperature of 1600 °C under an external pressure of 40 MPa. The isothermal holding time was 10 min and the heating and cooling rate was 100 °C/min. X-ray phase analysis showed that the resulting material was a mixture of aluminum oxide garnets. Electron microscopic studies showed that the material has crystalline structure with a microcrystal size of 1-3 microns. Energy dispersive analysis showed a uniform distribution of rare earth elements throughout the volume of the samples. The thermal conductivity properties of the synthesized ceramic samples and the coefficients of linear thermal expansion were measured. It was shown that the synthesized material has improved properties compared to simple oxides.
SIMULATION OF SHOCK-WAVE IMPACT ON THE THORACIC SEGMENT T4-T5 OF SPINE AFFECTED BY OSTEOSARCOMA
Authors:   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, EREMINA G.M. , SMOLIN A.YU. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: December 2024

Spine sarcoma is one of the cancers with the most negative prognosis due to its tendency to rapidly metastatic spread. It is believed that the rapid growth of the tumor and its metastatic spread are associated with favorable mechanical properties of bone tissue for the development of the tumor process. The paper presents a macromodel of the thoracic segment T4-T5 with a tumor under shock wave exposure through an applicator located on the lamina. Simulation data were analyzed based on the principles of mechanodestruction of cancer cells and stroma. The results show that low- and moderate-intensity shock wave impact can promote the deactivation of cancer cells in a large tumor volume. High-intensity shock wave loading can promote the deactivation of cancer cells. However, it also promotes the formation of stroma around the tumor and the risk of destruction of bone tissue near the applicator. The data obtained show the need for further study of the factors influencing the neoplastic process in order to minimize tumor growth and prevent the spread of metastases at the initial stage of the disease.
AB INITIO AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF ELECTRONIC AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF GAINS3
Authors:   Institute of Physics of the Ministry of Science and Education of the Republic of Azerbaijan, JAHANGIRLI Z.A. ,   Baku State University, AMIRASLANOV I.R. ,   Institute of Physics of the Ministry of Science and Education of the Republic of Azerbaijan; Baku State University, RAHIMLI A.B. ,   Institute of Physics of the Ministry of Science and Education of the Republic of Azerbaijan, SEIDOV R.G. ,   Institute of Physics of the Ministry of Science and Education of the Republic of Azerbaijan, BAYRAMOVA T.O. ,   Baku State University
Published: December 2024

The electronic and optical properties of GaInS3 were studied experimentally by spectral ellipsometry, as well as theoretically using Density Functional Theory (DFT). The real and imaginary parts of the dielectric function were determined in the energy range 0.7-6.5 eV. From the calculated electronic spectrum and density of energy states, the band gap was estimated. Based on the analysis of partial densities of electronic states projected onto atoms (PDOS), the nature of the chemical bond in GaInS3 was determined.
LEGAL POLICY IN THE FIELD OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE REGULATION: FOREIGN EXPERIENCE IN NORMING AND PRIORITIZATION
Authors:   Southern Federal University, OVCHINNIKOV A.I. , SELIVANOVA E.S. ,   Southern Federal University, KONOPIY A.S. ,   Southern Federal University
Published: December 2024

The article describes the results of a comparative legal analysis of legislation in the field of artificial intelligence (AI) in different countries, primarily in those that are leaders in technological development. The authors analyzed an extensive regulatory and doctrinal material, official documents of the governments of the People’s Republic of China, the United States, the United Kingdom, and several others. Almost all states pursue one goal: to create and implement competitive technological solutions developed on the basis of artificial intelligence in order to ensure a traditional position in the international arena rather than to prevent an economic and technological lag. The achievement of the goal involves the creation of a regulatory framework for the use of intelligent systems and technologies, as well as the study of moral and ethical issues in the use of innovative solutions. For all the countries, the most difficult task was to find a balance between the dispositivity in the legal regulation of AI caused by the need to provide AI developers with complete freedom in building their projects and the imperative of security requirements, the threats and risks of which multiply as AI deepens and machine learning technologies develop. The legal policy in the states of Europe, the United States and the United Kingdom is characterized by liberal models of legal regulation. That is why legal means are used in it as an additional regulator, while ethical standards are considered the main ones and are applied recom-mendatively. The universal priorities of the legal and ethical policy are: the priority of human well-being and security, protection of one’s fundamental rights and freedoms; human control; projected compliance with the law (including security requirements); prevention of illegal manipulation of AI. For the Russian Federation, the global experience of normative support for the following principles is relevant: AI fairness (including non-discrimination, impartiality, equality, etc.); AI transparency (for example, transparency of data use, data sets, information processing); AI responsibility (controllability, accountability, compensation for harm, responsible attitude); AI security - the impossibility of intentional harm; confidentiality (including privacy and protection of personal data). The authors declare no conflicts of interests.