bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Mizāj in the students of KTCHRC and its association with their academic performances and BMI: a cross sectional study
Authors: Shehilla  , Nabi Afshana , Wani Khalid Rahim
Published: January 2025

Background: Mizāj (Temperament) is the elementary fundamentals of Unani system of Medicine. Each person is born with innate Mizāj which is susceptible to variation through several influences. Upon this Mizāj, health and disease, diagnosis and treatment are based.  This study aimed to assess the Mizāj of students at KTC-Hospital and Research Centre, examine its relationship with their academic performance, and explore the association between Mizāj and students' BMI.
Methods: Data was collected using a schedule and was analysed using statistical software namely Microsoft excel and SPSS Software.
Results: Highest percentage was of Mizāj Ḥārr Raṭab with 22 (21.4%), followed by 21(20.4%) Moatadil Yābis, 15(14.6%) Moatadil Raṭab. Out of 103 students, 70 were having BMI of 18.5-25 in which 14 have Mizāj Ḥārr Raṭab while 14 have Moatadil Wa Yābis. Most of students had secured 80-90% marks in their last exam out of which 9 have Moatadil Ratab, 8 have Ḥārr Yābis and 6 have Ḥārr Ratab Mizāj.
Conclusions: This study concludes that most students exhibited a Ḥārr Ratab Mizāj, aligning with descriptions in Unani literature for this age group. Furthermore, a notable correlation was observed between Ḥārr Ratab Mizāj and exceptional academic performance. Moreover, the findings support the Unani view on Rutubat's influence on weight, contrasting with the belief that obesity is mainly due to Burudat (coldness).
A study of clinical validation of Unani Pharmacopoeial formulation Habb-e-Hilteet in Zu‘f al-Ishtihā’ (anorexia)"at RRIUM, New Delhi: an open prospective clinical trial
Authors: Husain Mohd Talib , Husain Safder , Sultana Salma , Khan Noman , Siddiqui Zaki Ahmed , Siddiqui Ziaul Haq
Published: January 2025

Background: Anorexia is a serious condition, especially in older adults, often leading to malnutrition, weight loss, and other severe health problems.  Habb-e-Hilteet is a commonly prescribed Unani pharmacopoeial formulation for anorexia. However, no scientific data are available regarding its safety and efficacy. This study assessed the appetite-inducing effect and safety of Habb-e-Hilteet in Zu‘f al-Ishtihā’ (anorexia) patients.
Methods: An open prospective clinical trial was conducted in 82 clinically diagnosed anorexia patients of either gender (19-65 yrs old). The study was approved by the institutional ethics committee. Habb-e-Hilteet, one pill (500 mg), was administered orally to patients twice daily for 14 days. The safety of the formulation was assessed using important pathological and biochemical indices and by monitoring adverse events. Efficacy was assessed based on improvement in the Simplified Nutritional Appetite Questionnaire (SNAQ) score.
Results: There were 82 participants enrolled in this study. The mean age of the study population was found to be 31.96±11.66years of male, and 31.67±10.81 years of female with a higher rate (69.5%) of occurrence in women. In relation to the Temperament of the Patients, our study found the most effective results in the categories of Damvi (SANGUINE) in 56% of the patients. Our study found a significant correlation (P < 0.000) between the effects of drugs on clinical parameters.
Conclusions: The findings of the study suggest that Habb-e-Hilteet may be a safe and effective treatment for anorexia.
A cross-sectional analytical study to assess the psychological well-being and self-esteem among female sanitary workers in a selected tertiary care hospital, Puducherry
Authors: Kumari Baranikumar Lalitha , Thiruvathipuram Venkadesan Yamuna
Published: January 2025

Background: According to the National Institutes of Health (NIH), it was reported that atleast 57.8 million adults live with some kind of mental illness. The prevalence of any mental illness is higher in females (27.2%) than males (18.1%). By 2030, reduce by one third premature mortality from non-communicable diseases through prevention and treatment and promote mental health and well-being.
Methods: A quantitative cross-sectional analytical study was designed to collect data from 384 female sanitary workers working on a contract basis at JIPMER using the convenient sampling technique.  A validated self-structured questionnaire to assess socio demographic data, a standardized Ryff and Keyes Psychological well-being scale (1995) and Rosenberg Self-esteem scale (1965) were used.
Results: It was found that mean and standard deviation of psychological well-being score was found to be 78.24 and 13.03.  The level of self-esteem was found to be normal among 318 (82.8%) female sanitary workers and found to be low among 66 (17.2%) female sanitary workers.  It was found that there was a high positive correlation between psychological well-being and self-esteem among the study participants. Since p-value was <0.001, there was a significant correlation.
Conclusions: Through this study, we came to know the demands and challenges of the female sanitary workers which is not only essential for the individual health but also for the broader community’s well-being and productivity.
Effectiveness of family based educational program on burden of care and stress among family caregivers of young adults with chronic mental disorders: a pilot study report
Authors: Mathew Suja Chungathil , Mathias Thereza
Published: January 2025

Background: Living with and caring for a young adult with mental disorders is often challenging and induce enormous amount of burden and stress to Family Care Givers. This area has not received adequate attention in India.
Methods: Caregiver’s Stress scale (KCSS) were used to assess the burden and stress. The family care givers in the intervention group were provided with family-based intervention on two alternative days and the standard care group received only routine care. A post test was conducted on 30th, 90th and 180 days. Independent t -test was used to establish the effectiveness of family-based intervention on burden and stress. X 2 test and Fisher’s test was computed to find the association of burden and stress with selected demographic variables.
Results: Family based educational program was found to be effective in reducing the burden of care and stress among the FCGs (p= <0.001). The study revealed statistically significant association between the age and gender of caregiver to burden and financial support of the caregivers to stress
Conclusions: The findings of the study suggest family based educational program on home care of young adults with chronic mental disorders was found to be effective in reducing the burden of care and stress among the family caregivers.
Morbidity pattern of admitted neonates at selected district hospital special newborn care units in Odisha, India
Authors: Sahu Dayasis , Godara Naresh R.
Published: January 2025

Background: To provide focused recommendations to reduce neonatal fatalities, the study intends to evaluate the patterns of morbidity among admitted neonates in special newborn care units (SNCUs).
Methods: Through secondary data from the SNCU portal of ten SNCUs at district hospitals in Odisha, we performed a cross-sectional descriptive retrospective analysis on all admitted neonates over three calendar years (2020-2022). We profiled the age, gender, birth weight, admission indication, maturity, mortality profile, referral, and type of admission. Excel 2021 was used to extract the data, while Epi info and excel were used for analysis.
Results: The 24383 (or 48.5%) of the 50226 newborns admitted to the SNCU were inborn. Of the newborns, 58.4% were male. Of the 50226 newborns, 58.5% had low birth weights (LBWs) (less than 2500 gm); 995 babies (2.0%) weighed less than 1000 gm. Three days was the median length of stay in the SNCUs. 28.7% of admissions are due to perinatal asphyxia (n=14421), which is followed by newborn jaundice (n=9616, 19.1%), LBW (n=6757, 13.5%), refusal to feed (n=5327, 10.6%), and prematurity (n=4363, 8.7%). Out of the total, 74.8% were discharged, 11.3% were referred, 9.7% passed away, and 4.1% defied medical advice and left the SNCU. Birth asphyxia, hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE), infection, and preterm were the main causes of death.
Conclusions: The main reason for neonates' morbidity and mortality is birth asphyxia. Early referrals, successful intervention, and superior prenatal care are crucial to avoid it.
Awareness of physical changes occurring in adolescent period: an interventional study among girls 13-17 years of age in rural field practice area Government Medical College, Amritsar
Authors: Jyoti Kamal , Mahajan Sanjeev , Singh Dhalwinder , Gupta Arti
Published: January 2025

Background: Adolescence is a crucial period of life having stress and storms. It is the important period of development that follows the onset of puberty during which a young person develops from a child into an adult. During this transitional stage that extends from 10-19 years, there occurs physical and psychological development that follows the period of puberty leading to adulthood. This study aimed to assess the awareness of physical changes among adolescent girls to assess the awareness of physical changes among adolescent girls.
Methods: This interventional study was carried out in the rural area of Amritsar, two government senior secondary schools were selected by simple random technique. In these schools adolescent girls of the age group 13 to 17 years were included and out of school adolescent girls of the same age group who were residents of these two villages were also included in the study. The study was carried out in three phase pre intervention, intervention and post intervention phase.
Results: Before intervention 45.21% of the respondents did not know and after intervention 68.26% came to know that 10-19 is the age group under adolescence periods. Before intervention respondents 32.17% had no knowledge and after intervention 53.34% had good knowledge.
Conclusions: Information education and communication sessions significantly increases the knowledge of adolescent girls about physical changes occurring in this period.
Prevalence of iron deficiency anaemia among postpartum mothers at Kallandiri PHC, Madurai
Authors: Nisha Thankappan Subhadra , Govindasamy Selvarani , Ravikumar Jaynathi , Sheriff Dhastagir Sultan
Published: January 2025

Mothers are fostering the future citizens of our societies. Anaemia is the world’s second leading cause of disability and thus one of the most serious global public health problems. However, the problem of anaemia in postpartum is far more prevalent in the developing countries. Early diagnosis and identifying the possible risk factors are helpful to manage Post Partum Anaemia in time before further complications developed. A study is designed to find out the level of iron deficiency anaemia among Postpartum mothers in selected Primary Health Centre, Madurai and to find out the association between their selected demographic variables and baseline variables. A quantitative research approach and non- experimental (descriptive) research design were used to gather data from 100 Postpartum mothers using consecutive sampling technique. Self- structured questionnaires were used to collect information during interview and blood is collected for biochemical analysis of haemoglobin among Postpartum mothers. Data was analysed and interpreted and the results were derived. The study findings revealed that majority of the subjects 64 (64%) were having moderate anaemia, 26 (26%) were having mild anaemia 10 (10%) were having non anaemia and none of them having severe anaemia. There is statistically significant association between age (χ2=9.66, p=0.05), educational qualification (χ2=13.91, p=0.05), haemoglobin level at Antenatal period (χ2=14.35, p=0.01) and prevalence of iron deficiency anaemia among postnatal mothers at Kallandiri PHC, Madurai. Statistical significance was calculated using the Chi-square test. The study findings concluded that majority of Postpartum mothers are anaemic. Therefore, health awareness programmes can be conducted to create awareness among rural postnatal mothers regarding importance of iron rich diet and complications of anaemia.
Abzan: a prudent remedy for a plethora of medical ailments
Authors: Wani Nasir Nazir , Ashraf Aaqib , Wani Khalid Rahim , Hamid Shugufta , Jalal Barjes
Published: January 2025

In the Unāni system of medicine, there are three methods of treatment viz; ilaj-bit-tadbeer wa ghiza (regimenal therapy and dietotherapy), ilaj- bil- dawa (pharmacotherapy) and ilaj- bil- yad (Surgery). Ilaj-bit-tadbeer is one of the most popular treatments practiced by ancient Unāni physicians for ages. Ābzan (Sitz bath) is one of the procedures of ilaj-bit-tadbeer described in the Unani system of medicine used to manage various diseases. Ābzan (sitz bath) is a type of bath in which hips and buttocks are immersed in water, either plain or medicated (Joshanda, Khaisanda), for therapeutic effects. This article aims to discuss and clarify several aspects of Ābzan, including its clinical applications in Unāni medicine. However, for rational demonstration of the effectiveness of Ābzan in the modern period, standard operating procedures (SOP) and scientific standards must be developed. Unāni system of medicine is enriched with the concept of Ābzan. To benefit the community, more research should be done to explore the efficacy of Ābzan in managing diseases.
Patient-Centeredness of Hidden Curriculum in Medical Education
Authors: Jarahi Lida , Hosseini Seyed Masoud , Shamshirgaran Sadaf , Yavari Mehri
Published: January 2025

Background: A significant gap exists between patient-centered health policies and medical graduates’ practice. Medical education is not restricted to the formal curriculum. The hidden curriculum has a powerful effect on students’ learning and behavior. This study measured the patient-centeredness of the hidden curriculum in Mashhad Medical School.
Methods: The participants were medical students at Mashhad Medical School who were about to graduate. The sample size was determined 100 students based on the Morgan table and selected in a convenient method. The validated Persian version of the Haidet instrument with three content areas of “role modeling, student’s experiences and support for students’ patient-centered actions” was used to evaluate the patient-centeredness of the hidden curriculum. Descriptive indexes and Independent samples T-Test were used for analysis.
Results: The mean±SD score of patient-centeredness of the hidden curriculum was 54.9±9.4, slightly more than half of the total questionnaire score. The area of "support for students' patient-centered actions" received a higher mean±SD score (62.1±16.5) compared to role modeling (53.9±12.3) and student experiences (53.6±9.4). Additionally, medical students emphasized the professor's role in acquiring patient-centered care.
Conclusion: Despite the formal education for patient-centeredness, students learn mainly from the practical environment and their educators’ behaviors. There was a relative dissonance between the formal and implicit curriculum regarding patient-centeredness associated with the medical student. The medical students’ experiences regarding patient-centered manners and giving encouraging feedback are two chief points for improving patient-centeredness.
The Association between Planetary Health Diet Index with the Odds of Breast Cancer: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Souni Fateme , Mahmoodi Marzieh , Shateri Zainab , Askarpour Moein , Asadi Amirhossein , Leilami Kimia , Jalali Saba , Heidari Zeinab , Nouri Mehran , Rashidkhani Bahram
Published: January 2025

Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide. Diet is recognized as an important factor in the prevention of cancer. No research has evaluated the association between the Planetary Health Diet Index (PHDI) and breast cancer risk in the Iranian population. Therefore, the association between PHDI and breast cancer odds in Iranian women was examined in this study.
Methods: The present case-control study (n=134 cases, n=267 controls) was conducted in two hospitals in Tehran, Iran. Women aged 30 or older diagnosed with breast cancer through biopsy were included. In the current study, the participants’ food consumption was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire, a reliable and valid tool.
Results: A lower odds of breast cancer was observed in the last tertile of the PHDI compared to the first tertile in both crude and adjusted models [adjusted model: Odds Ratio (OR)=0.54; 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 0.31-0.95]. In the subgroup analysis, based on the menopausal status, in the fully adjusted model, lower odds of breast cancer were found in the last tertiles of PHDI compared to the first tertile in the post-menopausal group (OR=0.38; 95% CI: 0.17-0.84).
Conclusion: The findings suggest an inverse association between higher PHDI scores and breast cancer risk. An inverse association between PHDI and breast cancer risk was also evident, particularly among post-menopausal women.
Effects of 810 and 970 nm Diode Laser on Microtensile Bond Strength of Universal Adhesives to Tooth Dentin
Authors: Rezaee Mohsen , Kasraei Shahin , Zabihi Mohammad Hamed , Panahandeh Narges
Published: January 2025

Background: Some previous studies have suggested that laser irradiation improves the bond strength of composite to dentin. This study aimed to assess the effect of 810 and 970 nm diode laser on microtensile Bond Strength (µTBS) of universal adhesives to dentin.
Methods: In this in vitro, experimental study, the occlusal third of 54 extracted third molars was cut, and they were randomly divided into 9 groups (n=18). In groups 1-3, Tetric N-Bond Universal (TNB), G-Premio Bond (GPB), and Single Bond Universal (SBU) adhesives were applied, respectively and the teeth were built-up by applying three 1-mm thick composite increments. The same was performed for groups 4-6 and 7-9 with the difference that they underwent 810 and 970 nm diode laser irradiation (0.8 W, 20 s), respectively, prior to light curing. All the teeth were then sectioned into 1×1 mm blocks and their µTBS was measured. Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA and Tukey test.
Results: The interaction effect of type of bonding agent and laser irradiation on µTBS was not significant (p=0.79). There was a statistical difference between the bond strength of the adhesive systems used (p=0.009).
Conclusion: Laser irradiation of universal adhesives applied by the etch and rinse (E&R) technique using 810 and 970 nm diode laser (0.8 W, 20 s) prior to their polymerization did not increase their µTBS to dentin.
Complete Embedment of a Stainless-Steel Crown in the Alveolar Soft Tissue: The First Case Report
Authors: Mortazavi Hamed , Hazrati Parham , Askari Shahrzad
Published: January 2025

Background: Reports of foreign bodies in oral tissues are available in the literature; however, this is the first report of complete embedment of a Stainless-Steel Crown (SSC) in the alveolar soft tissue.
Case Report: Upon radiographic evaluation of a 19-year-old male patient seeking orthodontic treatment with several missing teeth, an SSC of the primary right mandibular second molar entirely encompassed by soft tissue was observed. The patient had no pain or discomfort in the region. The overlying mucosa had no sign of inflammation except for a slight pallor, and adjacent teeth had tilted into the space of the corresponding absent tooth. The crown was removed with a crestal incision under the local anesthesia.
Conclusion: Infraocclusion of deciduous teeth, especially those covered with SSCs, should be strictly monitored clinically and radiographically as they can embed in soft tissue, cause severe bone defects, and complicate future treatments.
Spontaneous Extraperitoneal Bladder Wall Rupture Due to Emphysematous Cystitis: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Ramezani-Binabaj Mahdi , Yahyazadeh Seyed Reza
Published: January 2025

Emphysematous cystitis is a rare condition that can have fatal complications if left untreated. A timely diagnosis and proper treatment are crucial to achieving appropriate outcomes. Patients with this condition should be evaluated, and if necessary, conservative treatment or surgery should be provided. This case report describes a 73-year-old male patient with emphysematous cystitis who underwent conservative treatment for bladder rupture and reviews the existing literature on this topic. The gold standard for diagnosis of EC is a computerized tomographic scan. This condition should be evaluated, and if necessary, conservative treatment or surgery should be provided.
The Forgotten Right of Nurses and Patients in Iran’s Islamic Penal Code
Authors: Molavynejad Shahram , Imani Asad
Published: January 2025

The Article Abstract is not available.
Emergent Architectures in Edge Computing for Low-Latency Application
Authors: Kambala Gireesh
Published: January 2025

Emerging as a necessary paradigm for meeting the low-latency needs of contemporary real-time applications is edge computing. By distributing computation, storage, and network resources, edge designs reduce data transfer latency and increase system responsiveness. They are indispensible in fields including smart cities, autonomous systems, and healthcare. This study explores evolving architectural paradigms in edge computing—including layered hierarchies, microservices, and serverless computing—as well as their interfaces with technologies including 5G, IoT, and artificial intelligence. Extensive studies reveal how they allow scalable, modular, resource-efficient solutions for activities sensitive to latency. Even in this regard, security, interoperability, and resource allocation demand constant innovation notwithstanding their changing power. The work also looks at innovative ideas addressing these issues and highlights possible opportunities such federated learning and quantum computing. The outcomes highlight how crucial emergent edge computing architectures are in enabling ultra-low-latency applications and redefining operational efficiencies in many industries.
The colonial and the porfiriato urbanization: inheritance of urban (un)sustainability in Mexico City
Authors: Jasso-Flores R. Isela , Escobar-Chanona Lorena , Corona-Núñez Rogelio O.
Published: January 2025

Mexico City has experienced different periods of urban transformation, especially during the Colonial era and the Porfiriato. These periods have left a mark on urban (un)sustainability not only in Mexico City but also in other colonial cities. Using cartographic time series and the functional concept of neighborhoods, this study analyzes their influence on urban sustainability in the 21st century. We evaluate this sustainability through the environmental indicator of forest biomass. Our results suggest that colonial neighborhoods show a central concentration of forest biomass, decreasing as they move away from the colonial square (Zócalo). In contrast, during the Porfiriato, biomass is concentrated in the urbanization near the Zócalo, distributed in median strips and gardens. This study lays the groundwork for understanding the legacy of urban (un)sustainability throughout the periods of urbanization in Mexico.
Penitentiary architecture: socio-spatial analysis condition of the Tungurahua Deprivation of Liberty Center
Authors: Flores Silva Karla Michelle , Sarzosa Soto Richard
Published: January 2025

The study addresses the spatial-functional crisis of Ecuador’s prisons, emphasizing the conditions at the Tungurahua Deprivation of Liberty Center, in a context marked by overpopulation, overcrowding, and poor living conditions. Using a qualitative methodology, the location, architectural program, spatial relations, and environmental conditions within the penitentiary center are explored to determine how these factors affect the rehabilitation process and reintegration of inmates into society. The findings indicate critical deficiencies in the spatial-functional configuration of the Tungurahua Detention Center, which contribute to a harmful prison environment, exacerbating problems such as the deterioration of the physical and psychological well-being of people deprived of liberty. Finally, the research highlights the need for a rethinking in the design of these spaces to effectively promote the rehabilitation and social reintegration of prisoners.
Evaluation of the relationship between spatial learning and image maintenance through isovist analysis
Authors: Kırkan Sinem , Hazal Taşcı Mina , Zeynel Güzelci Orkan
Published: January 2025

This study presents a method, 3D parametric isovist volumes, to examine the relationship between ‘spatial visibility’ and ‘image maintenance’. The method assesses spatial visibility using 3D isovist analysis and investigates whether people complete a route using the ‘image maintenance’ method in places with limited visibility. The proposed method was applied in a three-phase case study involving ten participants from a design education background. The study employed a questionnaire, a navigation task, and a sketch-map task. Initial results indicate that spatial learning is more effective in areas with high visibility during the navigation process. However, spatial learning in low-visibility areas cannot always be predicted using the ‘image maintenance’ method or the data obtained from ‘spatial cues’.
Propiedades de los cementos endodónticos a base de silicato tricálcico. Revisión de la Literatura.
Authors: Soria Sánchez Fabián Giovanny
Published: January 2025

Introducción: El cemento a base de silicato de calcio (SC) se usa ampliamente en el tratamiento de endodoncia debido a sus excelentes propiedades bioactivas que pueden estimular al huésped para que produzca la respuesta tisular deseada. Sin embargo, ninguno de estos materiales cumple actualmente con todas las características descritas por Grossman como sellador ideal. Objetivo: Esta revisión de la literatura se centra en las características y generalidades de los selladores biocerámicos, además de proporcionar información actualizada para promover futuras investigaciones sobre los mismos y sus aplicaciones en endodoncia. Metodología: Se buscó información basándose en términos afines a endodoncia en plataformas científicas: Elsevier, MDPI, PubMed (MEDLINE) y ResearchGate, seguido se revisó artículos relacionados con los selladores endodónticos a base de silicato de calcio. Conclusión: El atractivo de los biocerámicos radica en sus excelentes propiedades físicas, químicas y biológicas, pero debido a la falta de información sobre el desempeño a largo plazo se necesita más investigaciones para justificar su uso sobre los selladores convencionales.
A concepção de “Pedagógico” em Anísio Teixeira
Authors: Da Silva Araújo Sônia Maria
Published: January 2025

O artigo analisa a concepção de “pedagógico” em Anísio Teixeira. Curiosamente é constatado que esta concepção vem a reboque de um projeto histórico articulado por homens que pensavam um Brasil “desenvolvido”. Assim, o “pedagógico” conjuga-se, em Anísio, a dois pares de categorias: espírito democrático/comunidade e indústria/equalização dos indivíduos.
The Origin of a Crime
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of State, Criminal and Legal Disciplines of the Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Honored Lawyer of the Russian Federation, PhD (Law), Associate Professor, Borbat Andrey V. , Borkov Viktor N. ,   Head of the Department of Criminal Law of the Omsk Academy of the Ministry of the Interior of the Russian Federation, LL.D., Professor, Bulatov Boris B. ,   Professor of the Department of Criminal Procedure of the Omsk Academy of the Ministry of the Interior of the Russian Federation, Honored Lawyer of the Russian Federation, LL.D., Professor
Published: January 2025

The article examines the problem of determining the beginning of a crime as a criterion for distinguishing between
preparation and attempt, as well as the key to a number of qualification issues. The establishment of a clear border
between the creation of conditions for encroachment and actions aimed at committing it, in addition to determining the
stage of the implementation of criminal intent, is necessary to resolve issues of complicity, multiplicity of crimes, as
well as the distinction between the encounters provided for by different articles of the Criminal Code of the Russian
Federation. Given the clarifications of the constitutional and supreme courts of the Russian Federation, complex law
enforcement situations were analyzed, in which, for the correct qualification, it was necessary to distinguish between
the actions directly aimed at committing a crime, from creating conditions for the encroachment. The thesis is justified
about the impossibility of formulating a universal criterion describing “actions directly aimed at committing a crime.”
This provision, on the one hand, is explained by the features of real encroachments and the technical techniques elected
by the legislator description of their objective side, and on the other, it is proposed to investigate and take into account
these factors during qualifications.
Some Issues of Qualification of Smuggling in View of the Updated Version of Article 2261 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation
Authors:   Head of the Department of Criminal and Legal Disciplines of the Rostov Branch of the Russian Customs Academy, LL.D., Associate Professor, Podroykina Inna A. , Mozgovykh Georgy A. ,   Deputy Head of the Southern Electronic Customs, Senior Lecturer of the Department of Criminal and Legal Disciplines of the Rostov Branch of the Russian Customs Academy
Published: January 2025

The article analyzes the changes in the criminal law concerning Article 2261 of the Criminal Code. It is noted that
despite the exclusion of Article 2001 of the Criminal Code, there was no actual decriminalization of smuggling of alcoholic
and tobacco products, since this type of product was included in the subject of the crime of Article 2261 of the Criminal
Code. It is emphasized that, depending on the subject of smuggling, the legislator decided in different ways on the issue of
liability in the new version of Article 2261 of the Criminal Code — strengthening it somewhere, softening it somewhere,
and leaving it in the same volume. In this regard, the problem of applying the retroactive force of the criminal law is being
updated, which is solved by the authors in the article. In addition, other issues related to the qualification of smuggling
under Article 2261 of the Criminal Code are touched upon due to the bluntness of its norms, specific recommendations on
the application of the law are given.
Challenging Issues of Qualification of Illegal Actions with Especially Valuable Plants and Mushrooms (Article 260.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation)
Authors:   Chief Research Scientist of Research Center No. 5 of the National Research Institute of the Ministry of Interior of the Russian Federation, Yakovleva Larisa V. , Mayorova Elena I. ,   Leading Research Scientist of Research Center No. 5 of the National Research Institute of the Ministry of Interior of the Russian Federation, PhD (Law), Associate Professor, Uleychik Viktor V. ,   Deputy Head of Research Center No. 5 of the National Research Institute of the Ministry of Interior of the Russian Federation
Published: January 2025

The article examines the problems caused by the criminalization of a new act, the responsibility for which is provided
for in Article 2601 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. The objective and subjective characteristics of the
composition that can affect the correctness of qualifications are revealed. In particular, attention is paid to the subject of the
crime, the interpretation of such concepts as “extraction” and “collection” of especially valuable plants and mushrooms,
as well as the possibility of committing illegal actions against them using mass media or information and telecommunication
networks. It is noted that due to the peculiarities of the composition of Article 2601 of the Criminal Code of the Russian
Federation, it is unlikely to be frequently imputed, and there is still no law enforcement practice on it.
Practical Problems of Prevention of Crimes in the Information and Telecommunications Space
Authors:   Postgraduate Student of the Institute of Social Sciences, Burchuk Aleksandr G.
Published: January 2025

The article outlines the existing problems in the prevention and detection of crimes in the field of computer information.
The conclusion is made about the need to solve the institutional problems of law enforcement agencies in the era of digital
transition by improving the quality of law enforcement work. To solve the temporary, organizational and educational
problems of performers, it is proposed to introduce relevant digital technologies: artificial intelligence to perform analytical
processing of big data, blockchain to create a secure closed information environment for the entire law enforcement unit,
full digitalization of the criminal process from receiving a crime report, to sending an electronic criminal case to court,
consideration on the merits and execution of an electronic court Solutions.
The author proposes to replace requests and petitions with electronic forms, in which the consent to the conduct of an
investigative action is formalized by the electronic digital signature of the judge and the head of the investigative body, after
which the categorized access provides the direct executor (investigator, operative) with the necessary information about the
movement of funds on the account, cryptocurrency or information from telecom operators.
Criminal Law Fundamentals of Criminal Intelligence and Surveillance Control of Internal Affairs Agencies over Persons Prone to Committing Crimes
Authors:   Head of Department 3 of Research Center No. 2 of the National Research Institute of the Ministry of Interior of the Russian Federation, PhD (Law), Babushkin Aleksandr A.
Published: January 2025

The article analyzes the provisions of criminal legislation characterizing the legal status of persons prone to commit
crimes in the context of taking measures of individual preventive action against them and preventing them from committing
illegal acts. Such categories of objects of operational investigative control of internal affairs bodies are considered as persons
occupying the highest position in the criminal hierarchy, as well as having an outstanding criminal record for committing
crimes with dangerous or especially dangerous recidivism. Proposals have been formulated and substantiated to improve
certain criminal law norms, the implementation of which will significantly increase the effectiveness of the operational
units of the internal affairs bodies in monitoring persons on preventive and operational records.
Criminalistic Study of Psychotechnology Application Skills
Authors:   Chief Research Scientist of the Legal Research Institute of the Baikal State University, LL.D., Associate Professor, Valkiriya Natalya I.
Published: January 2025

The work is devoted to the study of problems of application of psychotechnologies in criminal activity and investigation
of offences. The general availability of knowledge about the types of psychotechnologies and ways of their application in
modern conditions, the large-scale nature of the use of these technologies for criminal purposes, as well as for communicative
counteraction to the investigation of crimes are noted. The main theoretical problems predetermining insufficient development
of the considered subject in criminalistics are revealed. The problem of unpreparedness of investigators in many cases to
psychological influence of interrogated persons is outlined. According to the results of the conducted research the emphasis
is made on the necessity of closer attention to the forensic study of human mental qualities, improvement of forensic science
provisions by means of development of questions on abilities and skills of application of psychotechnologies in criminal activity
and for solving the tasks of criminal proceedings. In order to counteract psychological manipulations, it is proposed to study the
investigated problematics in the process of training, for example, at the courses of advanced training of investigators, with the
involvement of relevant specialists in this field of knowledge.
Scandinavian Patterns of Criminal Liability of Legal Entities: The General and The Special in National Laws
Authors:   Leading Research Scientist of the Center of Criminal and Criminal Procedure Law of the Institute of Legislation and Comparative Law under the Government of the Russian Federation, Honored Lawyer of the Russian Federation, PhD (Law), Professor, Fedorov Aleksandr V.
Published: January 2025

The article is devoted to the consideration of the concept of a national model of criminal liability of legal entities; options
for combining existing national models of criminal liability of legal entities into separate groups; analysis of the point of view on
the existence of unified (common) models of criminal liability of legal entities for a group of countries using the example of the
Scandinavian model of criminal liability of legal entities identified in legal literature.
Wartościowanie w recenzjach awansowych w dyscyplinie sztuki muzyczne
Authors: Grochala Beata
Published: January 2025

Celem artykułu jest analiza sposobów wartościowania w recenzjach awansowych, w dziedzinie sztuka, w zakresie sztuk muzycznych. Materiał badawczy stanowiło około 100 recenzji w postępowaniach awansowych doktorskich oraz habilitacyjnych w specjalności instrumentalistyka, wokalistyka, kompozycja. Podstawę teoretyczną badania stanowi klasyfikacja sposobów wartościowania w recenzjach awansowych autorstwa Ewy Szkudlarek-Śmiechowicz (2015). Wykorzystując wspomniany schemat analizy, wskazano cztery podstawowe obszary wartościowania w recenzjach awansowych w zakresie sztuk muzycznych (osoba, dzieło, technika wykonawcza i interpretacyjna, dorobek) oraz wyodrębniono środki językowe służące aksjologizacji.
Transgraniczne nabycie spadku jako zdarzenie podlegające opodatkowaniu podatkiem dochodowym od osób fizycznych. Analiza regulacji i studium przypadku
Authors: Słysz Aleksander
Published: January 2025

W artykule omówiono problemy, jakie może wywołać zakres jurysdykcji określony w art. 2 ustawy o podatku od spadków i darowizn. Analizie poddano łączniki jurysdykcyjne konstruowane z użyciem przesłanek obywatelstwa i miejsca stałego pobytu. Podjęto również próbę określenia konsekwencji, jakie wyłączenie z opodatkowania podatkiem od spadków i darowizn może zrodzić w świetle ekskluzji zawartej w art. 2 ust. 1 pkt 3 ustawy o podatku dochodowym od osób fizycznych. W ten sposób potwierdzono, że w pewnych sytuacjach transgraniczne nabycie spadku będzie stanowić zdarzenie podlegające opodatkowaniu podatkiem dochodowym od osób fizycznych, a nie podatkiem od spadków i darowizn.
Algoritmo iterativo para calcular raíces cuadradas y cúbicas para estudiantes de educación media
Authors: Sandoval Hernández Mario A. , Velez López Gerardo C. , Filobello Niño Uriel A. , Morales Alarcón Griselda J. , Jiménez Fernández Víctor M. , Vázquez Leal Héctor
Published: January 2025

En este artículo se presenta una metodología didáctica basada en el algoritmo numérico de Newton-Raphson, diseñada para enseñar a estudiantes de educación media superior cómo calcular raíces cuadradas y cúbicas. El enfoque de esta metodología está basado en el criterio de paro de convergencia cuadrática de Newton-Raphson, permitiendo en dos iteraciones una precisión de hasta cuatro dígitos significativos o más en las raíces obtenidas. Asimismo, esta metodología puede apoyarse en la descomposición de factores para su aplicación. Además, se incluyen ejemplos numéricos frecuentemente propuestos a los alumnos de educación media, con el fin de brindarles práctica en la aplicación del algoritmo enseñado en escuelas secundarias y preparatorias. La aplicación de este algoritmo trae como beneficio estimular el cálculo mental en los estudiantes.
Mobilising Private Finance into Transport Infrastructure
Authors: Jose Maliakal Shreya
Published: January 2025

This rapid evidence review examines different approaches for mobilising private finance to fund investment in transport infrastructure in Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia. The World Bank estimates that governments globally will face an annual transport infrastructure investment gap of US$244 to US$944 billion through 2030 (The World Bank Group, 2021, p. 6). The investment gap in Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia is compounded by stressors on both the demand and supply side. The demand for development in transport infrastructure stems from its high reliance on land-based transport and is exacerbated by rapid population growth and rising urbanisation. For instance, The lack of availability of public funds and the critical demand for transportation, calls for innovative approaches to mobilising private finance (Osei-Kyei and Chan, 2016).
Crime and Harm in the Food and Water Supply
Authors: Walsh Alex
Published: January 2025

This rapid evidence review seeks to highlight how climate change will affect illicit flows globally. The analysis includes illicit financial flows, illegal, unregulated and unreported fishing, narcotics, human trafficking, firearms, minerals and other natural resources.

As a topic, the criminogenic character of climate change is very wide. It involves the whole globe and a great many goods. Therefore, the coverage of this report is necessarily an illustrative summary, and the literature used, counting 80 sources from NGOs, UN agencies and academics, is far from exhaustive. Generally, sources examining the effect of climate change on the source or production of the illicit good and the destination are more numerous than sources that treat the effect of climate change on the route or transport means, which represents somewhat of a gap.
Program Pemberian Makanan Tambahan dalam Pencegahan Stunting Pada Anak Usia Dini di TK Fathina Majene
Authors: St. Maria Ulfah
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini mengevaluasi efektivitas Program Pemberian Makanan Tambahan (PMT) dalam pencegahan stunting pada anak usia dini di TK Fathina Majene, Kabupaten Majene, Sulawesi Barat. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain studi kasus, data dikumpulkan melalui observasi partisipatif, wawancara mendalam, dan analisis dokumen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa program PMT di TK Fathina Majene efektif dalam meningkatkan status gizi anak-anak, dengan peningkatan rata-rata berat badan sebesar 10-15% dan tinggi badan 5-7% setelah enam bulan implementasi. Risiko stunting juga berkurang sebesar 30% pada kelompok anak yang berpartisipasi dalam program. Keberhasilan ini dipengaruhi oleh konsistensi dan kualitas makanan tambahan, keterlibatan aktif guru dan orang tua, serta dukungan dari instansi kesehatan setempat. Selain itu, perubahan positif dalam perilaku makan anak dan peningkatan kesadaran gizi orang tua turut berkontribusi pada keberhasilan program. Kesimpulannya, Program Pemberian Makanan Tambahan di TK Fathina Majene menunjukkan potensi yang menjanjikan dalam meningkatkan status gizi dan mencegah stunting pada anak usia dini.
Cutaneous Manifestations Related to Glycemic Control
Authors: Ramos Rodrigues Alexandra , Matos Ana Luísa , Mendes Carlos Pedro
Published: January 2025

N/A
Determinants of Murabahah Margin Income in Indonesian Islamic Commercial Banks, 2013–2018
Authors: Gustianti Rizky , Andriansyah Yuli , Masuwd Mowafg
Published: January 2025

This study investigates the factors influencing murabahah margin income in Islamic commercial banks in Indonesia from 2013 to 2018, focusing on the BI Rate, overhead costs, and third-party funds (Dana Pihak Ketiga abbreviated DPK in Bahasa Indonesia). It aims to explore how these variables, individually and collectively, affect murabahah pricing, which is critical for ensuring competitiveness and adherence to Sharia principles in Islamic finance. A quantitative approach was employed, utilizing secondary data from quarterly financial reports of Islamic banks. Multiple linear regression analysis, complemented by classical assumption tests, was used to evaluate the relationships between the independent variables and murabahah margin income. The analysis ensures robust insights into the financial dynamics of Islamic banking. The findings reveal that overhead costs significantly and positively influence murabahah margin income, underscoring the role of operational efficiency in pricing. While the BI Rate demonstrated a positive association with murabahah margins, its effect was statistically insignificant, highlighting the need for alternative Sharia-compliant benchmarks. DPK exhibited a negative but insignificant relationship, suggesting that its liquidity impact on murabahah margins may be indirect and moderated by other factors. The combined analysis showed that these variables significantly influence murabahah margins collectively, with overhead costs being the most dominant determinant. These results emphasize the interplay between macroeconomic indicators and operational strategies in murabahah pricing. They highlight the need for operational efficiency, ethical benchmarks, and innovative deposit mobilization strategies. This study contributes to the broader discourse on Islamic finance, offering actionable insights for improving financial sustainability and aligning practices with Sharia principles.
Virtual Privat Network: Koneksi Keamanan Pada Aplikasi Berbasis Android
Authors: Ginting Jafaruddin Gusti Amri , Arifwidodo Bongga , Wahyudi Eka
Published: January 2025

Kasus pencurian data informasi, seperti data pribadi, PIN, dan OTP, semakin meningkat akibat serangan dari penyerang. Serangan ini dilakukan dengan mengirimkan payload berupa skrip berbahaya yang di-inject ke dalam aplikasi Android melalui berbagai perantara, seperti email dan media sosial. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan ini, diperlukan analisis mendalam untuk memahami kemampuan malware dan memberikan langkah mitigasi yang tepat sehingga data informasi tidak dicuri oleh penyerang. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh penggunaan Virtual Private Network (VPN) terhadap aplikasi Android yang terinfeksi malware dengan teknik serangan Command and Control (C&C) attack. Skenario pengujian dilakukan dengan membandingkan dua kondisi: perangkat Android tanpa VPN dan perangkat Android dengan VPN. Pengujian mencakup pengukuran kemampuan serangan C&C dalam mengakses data sensitif serta evaluasi kinerja sistem, seperti kecepatan koneksi internet. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan VPN dapat membatasi akses penyerang dengan memblokir komunikasi C&C, sehingga meningkatkan perlindungan keamanan data. Namun, hasil pengujian juga menunjukkan adanya penurunan performa koneksi internet sebesar 10,7% saat menggunakan VPN.