bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The impact of COVID‐19 on the psychosocial well‐being of older adults: A literature review
Authors: Seckman Charlotte
Published: October 2022

Introduction

The novel coronavirus SARS‐CoV2 (COVID‐19) was declared a global pandemic in 2020 with the greatest risk to older adults. Prolonged restrictions and isolation threaten the social and emotional welfare of vulnerable groups with concerns focused on the long‐term impact of this pandemic on the health and well‐being of aging populations.

Purpose

Using the Socioemotional Selectivity Theory (STT) as a conceptual framework, the purpose of this literature review was to explore the impact of COVID‐19 on the psychological and social well‐being of older adults.

Methods

Numerous academic and healthcare‐related databases were searched to yield 24 relevant primary research articles, published during the pandemic (2020–2022), for analysis.

Results/Conclusions

Overall results indicated the pandemic had a significant negative affect on the psychological and social well‐being of older adults to include those with cognitive impairments and dementia despite perceptions of reduced awareness. There were significant differences between age groups with older adults reporting greater emotional stability and coping skills than younger cohorts. Although supportive services and the use of technology‐enhanced well‐being these resources were reduced during the pandemic due to lack of trained staff, funding, and other socioeconomic or political barriers. The SST proposes that feelings of satisfaction, a sense of belonging, and purpose are important for emotional well‐being but the pandemic challenged these goals and, for many, resulted in stress, anxiety, and depression.

Clinical Relevance

Healthcare providers and policymakers need to be aware of the negative consequences triggered by the prolonged pandemic and take measures to provide services that support the psychosocial well‐being of older adults.
Effects of perceived quality on consumer attitudes and satisfaction: Focus on lip products
Authors: Lim Suyeun , Kwon Ki Han
Published: October 2022

Background

Growth of national and economic development industrial and economic standards has raised women's social status, and the consumption value of aesthetic pursuit, which is the mainstream among women's diverse needs as consumers, has been increasing in quantities.

Aim

This study attempted to investigate what are the consumer selection criteria for lip products represented by the lipstick effect that creates continuous demand even in the COVID‐19 era, and the main factors driving the continuous demand for lip products.

Methods

We collected research data through a survey targeting 600 male and female consumers who had purchased lip products through online/offline stores during the COVID‐19 period (2020–2021) in Korea.

Results

As a result of examining the effect of perceived quality on consumer attitude formation on lip products, the factors of usability sensitivity and price had a positive effect on consumer attitude formation. Consumer awareness of lip products naturally acts as a bridge to consumer satisfaction.

Conclusion

This study focused on consumers' perception and potential for development of lip products whose demand has rather rebounded due to the lipstick effect during the COVID‐19 crisis. It is thought that this will act as a positive mechanism for the formation of a favorable attitude toward lip products by consumers.
The impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on first‐generation women test‐takers: Magnifying adversities, stress, and consequences for bar exam performance
Authors: Freiburger Erin , Quintanilla Victor D. , Hugenberg Kurt , Erman Sam , Yel Nedim , Kim Anita , Murphy Mary C.
Published: October 2022

By magnifying gender‐ and socioeconomic status‐based inequalities, the COVID‐19 pandemic caused stress and disrupted career progress for professional students. The present work investigated the impact of pandemic‐related stress and prevailing barriers on structurally disadvantaged women preparing for a high‐stakes professional exam. In Study 1, we found that among US law students preparing for the October 2020 California Bar Exam—the professional exam that enables one to become a practicing attorney in California—first‐generation women reported the greatest stress from pandemic‐related burdens and underperformed on the exam relative to others overall, and particularly compared to continuing‐generation women. This underperformance was explained by pandemic‐related stress they contended with most, as well as by structural demands shouldered most by first‐generation test‐takers regardless of gender. Even when controlling for the structural features of caregiving and working while studying, the psychological burdens experienced most by first‐generation women predicted lower exam success. Study 2 investigated the February 2021 California Bar Exam. Consistent with Study 1, first‐generation women test‐takers reported the most pandemic‐related stress, which predicted lower exam performance above and beyond structural barriers to exam success. We offer policy prescriptions to bolster the success of at‐risk groups in the legal profession pipeline, a challenge magnified by the pandemic.
Early‐life residential exposure to moisture damage is associated with persistent wheezing in a Finnish birth cohort
Authors: Tischer Christina , Täubel Martin , Kirjavainen Pirkka V. , Depner Martin , Hyvärinen Anne , Piippo‐Savolainen Eija , Pekkanen Juha , Karvonen Anne M.
Published: October 2022

Background and Aims

Moisture damage increases the risk for respiratory disorders in childhood. Our aim was to determine whether early age residential exposure to inspector‐observed moisture damage or mold is associated with different wheezing phenotypes later in childhood.

Methods

Building inspections were performed by civil engineers, in a standardized manner, in the children's homes—mostly single family and row houses (N = 344)—in the first year of life. The children were followed up with repeated questionnaires until the age of 6 years and wheezing phenotypes—never/infrequent, transient, intermediate, late onset, and persistent—were defined using latent class analyses. The multinomial logistic regression model was used for statistical analysis.

Results

A total of 63% (n = 218) had infrequent or no wheeze, 23% (n = 80) had transient and 9.6% (n = 21) had a persistent wheeze. Due to the low prevalence, results for intermediate (3.8%, n = 13) and late‐onset wheeze (3.5%, n = 12) were not further evaluated. Most consistent associations were observed with the persistent wheeze phenotype with an adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence intervals) 2.04 (0.67–6.18) for minor moisture damage with or without mold spots (present in 23.8% of homes) and 3.68 (1.04–13.05) for major damage or any moisture damage with visible mold in a child's main living areas (present in 13.4% of homes). Early‐age moisture damage or mold in the kitchen was associated with transient wheezing.

Conclusion

At an early age, residential exposure to moisture damage or mold, can be dose‐dependently associated especially with persistent wheezing phenotype later in childhood.
Sensing Design, Trajectory Planning, and Motion Control of a Cable-Driven Redundant Manipulator Composed of Quaternion Joints
Authors: Huang Yifan , Yan Lei , Yang Taiwei , Hu Zhonghua , Xu Wenfu
Published: October 2022

A cable-driven redundant manipulator (CDRM) composed of quaternion joints has important applications in confined space, including minimal invasive surgery, aircraft parts assembly, environment exploring, and so on. Benefitting from the unique joint characteristic and cable routing, it can achieve a larger workspace with fewer driving modules than traditional universal joint CDRM. However, the positioning accuracy of the end-effector suffers from the lack of joint feedback information and the delay effect of cable driving mechanisms. In this paper, we propose an equivalent sensing method and design corresponding sensors for each quaternion joint, and develop a high precision controller for the whole manipulator. The motion sensing of the quaternion joint is achieved by establishing the kinematics between its bending pose and middle limb joints. To realize real-time estimation, the fitting technique is adopted. To improve the efficiency of path planning, a geometric iterative inverse kinematics approach for quaternion joint CDRM is proposed based on the isosceles trapezoid simplified model. Furthermore, an accurate controller is designed by combining the feedforward gain and modified PID feedback control. Finally, an 8DOF CDRM prototype with four quaternion joints is developed, and the experiment verifies the effectiveness of the proposed method.
LA SEXUALIDAD Y EL AUTOCUIDADO EN LAS MUJERES CUIDADORAS DE PERSONAS EN SITUACIÓN DE DEPENDENCIA
Authors: Latorre Martínez Raquel
Published: October 2022

El trabajo aquí presentado se enmarca en el proyecto “Sostenibilidad de la atención a las personas en situación de dependencia: experiencias y dilemas en el diseño de tecnocuidados (P18-TP-2624: PAIDI 2020)”. Se presentan resultados de un estudio cualitativo realizado con perspectiva de género. A través de entrevistas a mujeres cuidadoras en situación de dependencia, se delinean las relaciones de estas mujeres con su propio cuerpo, placer y deseos. Los resultados apuntan a que, cuando se hacen cargo del cuidado de otras personas, su identidad y sexualidad se diluye. Además, la situación de vulnerabilidad en la que normalmente se encuentran, supone que se genere una relación de dependencia con la otra persona, lo que influye en cómo se cuidan (o descuidan), siempre que tengan tiempo y recursos para ello. Sus necesidades, expectativas, deseos, … quedan relegados a un segundo plano y absolutamente subordinadas a las necesidades de cuidado de otras personas. Esto deviene en que su cuerpo es escasamente escuchado y el autocuidado se infravalora en comparación con aquellos y aquellas a las que tienen que atender. Su sexualidad se ve afectada de igual manera por una disminución de la líbido y por el impacto de problemas físicos y psicológicos derivados de sus tareas y preocupaciones como cuidadoras.
Consequences of Sport-Related Concussion on Health-Related Quality of Life in Adolescents: A Critically Appraised Topic
Authors: Williamson Mary Margaret , Wallace Jessica
Published: October 2022

Clinical Scenario: Sport-related concussions (SRCs) are a prevalent and problematic injury occurring among adolescents participating in sports. Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) has been shown to be affected in a portion of adolescents recovering from SRCs, though the exact nature of the relationship has yet to be firmly established for this age group through the duration and completion of recovery. HRQoL can be a nebulous construct but is often described as multifaceted and demonstrates effects of an illness, injury, or condition on one’s overall well-being, encompassing satisfaction and comfortability of physical, psychosocial, sleep, and cognitive attributes. Clinical Question: How do adolescents diagnosed with sport-related concussion perceive changes in health-related quality of life domain measures throughout recovery? Summary of Key Findings: Four studies met the inclusion criteria, including 1 longitudinal prospective case series and 3 longitudinal prospective cohort studies. The literature indicated that adolescents who sustained an SRC reported an initial immediate decrease in overall HRQoL as well as domains including cognitive, physical, school, and sleep. This initial decrease was particularly notable in those with delayed recovery or those diagnosed with post-concussion syndrome. Despite the initial decrease, all participants of varying SRC recovery duration reportedly returned to healthy, normative levels of HRQoL upon recovery. Clinical Bottom Line: Adolescents reportedly experience initial decreases in various HRQoL domains immediately after SRC but appear to rebound to a healthy status upon recovery regardless of recovery duration. Strength of Recommendation: Results of the review of 4 longitudinal studies established level B evidence.
Macrophages present antigens in allergic asthma
Authors: VanHook Annalisa M.
Published: October 2022

Resident macrophages mediate antigen capture and presentation in allergic airway inflammation in mice.
Biochemical and Regulatory Analyses of Xylanolytic Regulons in Caldicellulosiruptor bescii Reveal Genus-Wide Features of Hemicellulose Utilization
Authors: Crosby James R. , Laemthong Tunyaboon , Bing Ryan G. , Zhang Ke , Tanwee Tania N. N. , Lipscomb Gina L. , Rodionov Dmitry A. , Zhang Ying , Adams Michael W. W. , Kelly Robert M.
Published: October 2022

Microbial deconstruction of lignocellulose for the production of biofuels and chemicals requires the hydrolysis of heterogeneous hemicelluloses to access the microcrystalline cellulose portion. This work extends previous
in vivo
and
in vitro
efforts to characterize hemicellulose utilization by integrating genomic reconstruction, transcriptomic data, operon structures, and biochemical characteristics of key enzymes to understand the deployment and functionality of hemicellulases by the extreme thermophile
Caldicellulosiruptor bescii
.
Human Cytomegalovirus Utilizes Multiple Viral Proteins to Regulate the Basement Membrane Protein Nidogen 1
Authors: Kuan Man I , Caruso Lisa B. , Zavala Anamaria G. , Rana Pranav S. J. B. , O'Dowd John M. , Tempera Italo , Fortunato Elizabeth A.
Published: October 2022

We have found that human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) utilizes multiple viral proteins in multiple pathways to regulate a ubiquitous cellular basement membrane protein, nidogen-1 (NID1). The extent of the resources and the redundant methods that the virus has evolved to affect this control strongly suggest that its removal provides a life cycle advantage to HCMV.
Sharing of Antimicrobial Resistance Genes between Humans and Food Animals
Authors: Cao Huiluo , Bougouffa Salim , Park Tae-Jin , Lau Andes , Tong Man-Ki , Chow Kin-Hung , Ho Pak-Leung
Published: October 2022

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has proven to be a global public health concern. To conquer this increasingly worrying trend, an overarching, One Health approach has been used that brings together different sectors, but the fundamental knowledge of the relationship between humans, food animals, and their environments is not mature yet or is lacking in some aspect.
Epidemiological Characteristics of Human and Animal Plague in Yunnan Province, China, 1950 to 2020
Authors: Han Haonan , Liang Yun , Song Zhizhong , He Zhaokai , Duan Ran , Chen Yuhuang , Gao Zihou , Qin Shuai , Liang Junrong , Tang Deming , lv Dongyue , Zhang Peng , Zhang Dan , Jing Huaiqi , Wang Xin
Published: October 2022

Yunnan is the origin of the third plague pandemic. The analysis of human and animal plague characteristics of plague foci in Yunnan enlightens the prevention and control of the next plague pandemics.
Innovative Rhizosphere-Based Enrichment under P-Limitation Selects for Bacterial Isolates with High-Performance P-Solubilizing Traits
Authors: De Zutter Noémie , Ameye Maarten , Vermeir Pieter , Verwaeren Jan , De Gelder Leen , Audenaert Kris
Published: October 2022

With the growing awareness on the ecological impact of chemical phosphate fertilizers, research concerning the use of phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) as a sustainable alternative for, or addition to these fertilizers is of paramount importance. In previous research, we successfully implemented a plant-based enrichment technique for PSB, which simultaneously selected for the rhizosphere competence and phosphate solubilizing characteristics of bacterial suspensions.
SARS-CoV-2-Neutralizing Humoral IgA Response Occurs Earlier but Is Modest and Diminishes Faster than IgG Response
Authors: Takamatsu Yuki , Omata Kazumi , Shimizu Yosuke , Kinoshita-Iwamoto Noriko , Terada Mari , Suzuki Tetsuya , Morioka Shinichiro , Uemura Yukari , Ohmagari Norio , Maeda Kenji , Mitsuya Hiroaki
Published: October 2022

Secretory dimeric immunoglobulin A (IgA) plays an important role in preventing the invasion of foreign objects by its neutralizing activity on mucosal surfaces, while monomeric serum IgA is thought to relate to the phagocytic immune system activation. Here, we report that individuals with the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) developed both systemic neutralizing IgG (nIgG) and IgA (nIgA) active against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).
When knickzones limit upstream transmission of base-level fall: An example from Kaua‘i, Hawai‘i
Authors: Raming L. Wren , Whipple Kelin X
Published: October 2022

A threshold drainage area limits fluvial transmission of base-level fall and may be expressed in the form of a waterfall or a series of waterfalls, defined here as a knickzone. Knickzones on the west coast of Kaua‘i, Hawai‘i (USA), exhibit evidence of a threshold drainage area. Eighteen (18) of the 25 knickzones in our study area are located at the coast or a tributary junction, have a drainage area <1.5 km2, and have been stationary for at least 1.5 m.y. The other seven knickzones are located >1 km upstream from the coast or nearest tributary junction and range in drainage area from 1 to 5.5 km2. Both sets of knickzones limit incision relative to canyons without knickzones. Field observations show strong ‘a‘ā flows and dikes always crop out at the lip of knickzones, suggesting these resistant rocks and coarse sediment generated from them act to inhibit knickzone migration. A model incorporating flood records and channel conditions above knickzones shows thresholds of coarse sediment entrainment are never exceeded below 1 km2. Our results demonstrate knickzones on the west coast of Kaua‘i are enduring features explained by resistant lava flows and physical limits in bedrock incision.
The SPIN Setup at U-70: Description of the Equipment
Authors: Antonov N. N. , Viktorov V. A. , Gapienko V. A. , Gapienko G. S. , Gres’ V. N. , Prudkoglyad A. F. , Romanovskii V. A. , Semak A. A. , Solodovnikov I. P. , Terekhov V. I. , Ukhanov M. N.
Published: October 2022

The SPIN experiment is carried out with the aim of studying inclusive production of charged particles with high transverse momenta in hard proton−nucleus and nucleus−nucleus interactions. A single-arm narrow-aperture spectrometer is used in the study. The uniqueness of the experiment is in the high intensity of the proton (1012−1013 protons/s) and ion (of the order of 5 × 109 ions/s) beams ejected from the U-70 accelerator, which makes it possible to measure inclusive cross sections varying by seven orders of magnitude. The SPIN setup is able to detect particles with momenta in a kinematic domain of nucleon−nucleon interactions as well as beyond its limits. The spectrometer equipment and the features of the measurement procedure are described.
Quadrupole Antenna and Diagnostic Complex for Ion Cyclotron Plasma Heating and Current Drive at the L-2M Stellarator
Authors: Meshcheryakov A. I. , Grishina I. A. , Vafin I. Yu.
Published: October 2022

Abstract—

A quadrupole antenna has been designed and produced at the L-2M stellarator for experiments on ion cyclotron plasma heating and current drive. Using a power meter of the incident and reflected waves, the first measurements of the radiation resistance of the antenna have been performed in the ohmic heating regime. The radiation resistance of the antenna has been measured as a function of the mean plasma density. It is shown that the fraction of absorbed power ensured by the coaxial modes is 25%. The created quadrupole antenna can also be used for current drive. The proposed method is based on the conversion of fast magnetosonic waves to slow magnetosonic waves with their subsequent absorption by plasma electrons, which is accompanied by current drive processes.
Sorption and Gas Transport Characteristics of Polyimides Based on a Mixture of Diethyl Toluene Diamine Isomers
Authors: Alentiev A. Yu. , Ryzhikh V. E. , Nikiforov R. Yu. , Bezgin D. A. , Chirkov S. V. , Belov N. A. , Orlova A. M. , Kuznetsov A. A.
Published: October 2022

The transport of oxygen, nitrogen, and hydrocarbons C1–C4 in polyimides based on 4,4'-(hexafluoroisopropylidene)diphthalic anhydride (6FDA) and biphenyl-3,3',4,4'-tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride (BPDA) and diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA) has been studied. The dependences of the diffusion coefficient on the diffusant effective diameter and the solubility coefficients on the Lennard–Jones potential of pair interaction have been considered. It is shown that the diffusion coefficients of butane are out of the linear dependence of the logarithm of the diffusion coefficient on the square of the effective diameter of the diffusant, which may indicate the plasticization of polymers with butane at a pressure of 1 atm. The permeability of mixtures of gases O2–N2 (29 : 71 v/v) and CO2–CH4 (62 : 38 v/v) has been studied. There are no significant differences in the gas separation parameters in comparison with the experiment for individual gases; however, for a mixture of CO2–CH4, a slight increase in the separation factor has been found as compared to the ideal selectivity. The data on the measurement of sorption isotherms and solubility coefficients O2, N2, and CH4 are also presented in the article. Gas solubility coefficients have been found to be close to the values obtained indirectly as P/D.
Cytomegaloviral colitis in primary CMV viraemia in a young immunocompetent adult
Authors: King William , Richhart Raymond , Hernandez Gonzalo David , Zimmermann Ellen
Published: October 2022

A man in his 20s presented with a 2-week history of fever, fatigue and diarrhoea. On arrival to the emergency department, he had clinical findings of sepsis. The care team initially suspected sepsis secondary to bacterial colitis and administered antibiotics. Further workup including a stool PCR assay for gastrointestinal pathogens failed to establish a diagnosis, and he had no evidence of immune compromise. Colonoscopy revealed mucosal ulceration presumed to be ulcerative colitis. Histopathology obtained after discharge revealed severe colitis with cytomegalovirus (CMV) inclusions. Serological studies indicated a primary CMV infection. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a primary CMV infection presenting as severe colitis and systemic disease in a young immunocompetent patient without underlying disease.
Emerald ash borer invasion of riparian forests alters organic matter and bacterial subsidies to south Michigan headwater streams
Authors: Larson Courtney E. , Engelken Patrick , McCullough Deborah G. , Benbow M. Eric
Published: October 2022

Emerald ash borer (EAB) has killed millions of ash trees in the United States and Canada, yet impacts on terrestrial-aquatic linkages are largely unknown. Ash tree death along streams creates canopy gaps, increasing light to riparian plants and potentially affecting organic matter subsidies. Six EAB-related canopy gaps along streams across a gradient of timing of EAB invasion in Michigan were characterized for coarse woody material (CWM), terrestrial and aquatic leaf litter and their associated bacterial communities, and macroinvertebrates upstream, downstream, and at the center of the gap. Stream sites downstream of EAB-related canopy gaps had significantly lower dissolved oxygen and macroinvertebrate diversity than sites upstream and at the gaps. Yet there was no difference in CWM or aquatic leaf litter, likely due to downstream movement of organic matter from upstream riparian sources. Low abundance bacterial amplicon sequence variants unique to gap or forest were detected in leaves and leaf litter, suggesting that EAB-related canopy gaps altered leaf-associated bacterial communities. Overall, EAB invasion indirectly impacted some variables, while organic matter dynamics were resistant to change.
The Mercedes water Cherenkov detector
Authors: Assis P. , Bakalová A. , Barres de Almeida U. , Brogueira P. , Conceição R. , De Angelis A. , Gibilisco L. , González B. S. , Guillén A. , La Mura G. , Mendes L. M. D. , Mendes L. F. , Pimenta M. , Shellard R. C. , Tomé B. , Vícha J.
Published: October 2022

The concept of a small, single-layer water Cherenkov detector, with three photomultiplier tubes (PMTs), placed at its bottom in a $$120^{\circ }$$

120
∘

star configuration (Mercedes Water Cherenkov Detector) is presented. The PMTs are placed near the lateral walls of the stations with an adjustable inclination and may be installed inside or outside the water volume. To illustrate the technical viability of this concept and obtain a first-order estimation of its cost, an engineering design was elaborated. The sensitivity of these stations to low energy Extensive Air Shower (EAS) electrons, photons and muons is discussed, both in compact and sparse array configurations. It is shown that the analysis of the intensity and time patterns of the PMT signals, using machine learning techniques, enables the tagging of muons, achieving an excellent gamma/hadron discrimination for TeV showers. This concept minimises the station production and maintenance costs, allowing for a highly flexible and fast installation. Mercedes Water Cherenkov Detectors (WCDs) are thus well-suited for use in high-altitude large gamma-ray observatories covering an extended energy range from the low energies, closing the gap between satellite and ground-based measurements, to very high energy regions, beyond the PeV scale.
The Enactment of Lessons Using Comics to Teach Mathematics in Bruneian Classrooms
Authors: Shahrill Masitah , Batrisyia Izzah , Musa Najihah Kamila Haji , Azamain Muhammad Samhan
Published: October 2022

Researchers have argued that the use of comics in teaching mathematics is ideal for improving problem-solving skills among primary and secondary students. However, there are only a handful of studies that utilize comics, particularly in Bruneian classrooms. In this study, we share the journey of three teachers who enacted the use of comics in their respective mathematics lessons. All of them implemented their own choice and designs of different yet educationally related comics as intervention lessons, intending to scaffold the conceptual knowledge of the mathematics topics taught while encouraging collaboration and participation among their students. Their students’ perceptions on the use of comics were gathered from the surveys and/or the interviews and analyzed qualitatively. Among the overall main themes found were the students’ positive insights on the use of comics, the impact of their learning and engagement on the subject, the influence of color and image constructs of the comics, the emotions triggered by comics and the beneficial inclusivity particularly at the primary and secondary school levels.
Robust Routing Using Electrical Flows
Authors: Sinop Ali Kemal , Fawcett Lisa , Gollapudi Sreenivas , Kollias Kostas
Published: October 2022

Generating alternative routes in road networks is an application of significant interest for online navigation systems. A high quality set of diverse alternate routes offers two functionalities - (a) support multiple (unknown) preferences that the user may have; and (b) robust changes in network conditions. We formulate a new quantification of the latter in this paper, and propose a novel method to produce alternative routes based on concepts from electrical flows and their decompositions. Our method is fundamentally different from the main techniques that produce alternative routes in road networks, which are the
penalty
and the
plateau
methods, with the former providing high quality results but being too slow for practical use and the latter being fast but suffering in terms of quality. We evaluate our method against the penalty and plateau methods, showing that it is as fast as the plateau method while also recovering much of the headroom towards the quality of the penalty method. The metrics we use to evaluate performance include the
stretch
(the average cost of the routes), the
diversity
, and the
robustness
(the connectivity between the origin and destination) of the induced set of routes.
Image Forgery Detection Using Tamper-Guided Dual Self-Attention Network with Multiresolution Hybrid Feature
Authors: Li Fengyong , Pei Zhenjia , Wei Weimin , Li Jing , Qin Chuan
Published: October 2022

Image forgery detection can efficiently capture the difference between the tampered area and the nontampered area. However, existing work usually overemphasizes pixel-level localization, ignoring image-level detection. As a result, false detection for tampered image maybe cause a large number of false positives. To address this problem, we propose an end-to-end fully convolutional neural network. In this framework, multiresolution hybrid features from RGB stream and noise stream are firstly fused to learn visual artifacts and compression inconsistency artifacts, which can efficiently identify the tampered images. Furthermore, a tamper-guided dual self-attention (TDSA) module is designed, which can focus the network’s attention on the tampered areas and segment them from the image by capturing the difference between the tampered area and the nontampered area. Extensive experiments demonstrate that compared to existing schemes, our scheme can simultaneously effectively achieve pixel-level forgery localization and image-level forgery detection while maintaining higher detection accuracy and stronger robustness.
DeeBERT-S3WD: Three-Way Multigranularity Decision for Interactive Information Sentiment Analysis Research
Authors: Wang Jun , Zhang Xiangnan , Yu Guanyuan , Chen Yuexin , Rao Shiyuan
Published: October 2022

Interactive information between listed companies and investors is an emerging form of information disclosure in the stock market and has a crucial impact on stock market analysis. Interactive information interferes with investors’ decision-making by influencing their sentiments, significantly affecting the stock market’s health. Due to the unique nature of interactive information, the existing approaches to dynamic interactive information sentiment analysis rarely consider a multistep study under the tradeoff of cost and accuracy. To address this problem, we propose a novel unified framework combining DeeBERT with the sequential three-way decision based on the early exiting mechanism and continually mining uncertain regions for interactive information sentiment analysis. Specifically, we treat the question-answer pair interaction information as an entire sample and leverage DeeBERT to allow the samples to exit early without traversing through all the Transformer layers. Subsequently, the uncertain samples are selected at each Transformer layer to be reinvestigated at the next granularity of time-evolving data. Besides, we utilize a manual modification method to assign the determined samples to training sets to update the model. Lastly, a series of comparative experiments demonstrate that our proposed model has outstanding performance in terms of time efficiency and interactive information sentiment index.
Intelligent Optimization of the Financial Sharing Path Based on Accounting Big Data
Authors: Zhang Zhongmin
Published: October 2022

In order to solve the problems of inconsistent accounting and untimely accounting information, this paper proposes a research method of intelligent optimization of financial sharing path based on big data of accounting. This paper analyzes the current working situation of the financial sharing service center of large- and medium-sized enterprises and expounds the reasons for the blockchain. The author embeds the blockchain technology in the financial sharing service center, with a view to optimizing the design of the current FSSC’s functions in terms of the scope of daily business work, the effectiveness of accounting information processing, and the utilization of financial analysis decisions, and finally analyzes the corporate effect of applying the financial sharing architecture based on blockchain technology. The results show that compared with the financial sharing score under the traditional mode, the financial sharing score under the blockchain technology is higher, and the former is 69.675 points, and the latter is 80.6340 points. From this, we can conclude that financial sharing under blockchain technology has significant advantages. This framework realizes the effective allocation of enterprise information resources through finance to achieve real industry finance integration.
Security Enhancements for Data-Driven Systems: A Blockchain-Based Trustworthy Data Sharing Scheme
Authors: Wang Yanping , Zhang Xiaosong , Wang Xiaofen , Hu Teng , Lu Peng , Yin Mingyong
Published: October 2022

With the increasingly prominent value of big data, data sharing within enterprises and organizations has become increasingly popular, and many institutions have established data centers to achieve effective data storage and sharing. Meanwhile, cyberspace data security and privacy have become the most critical issue that people are concerned about since shared data often involves commercial secrets and sensitive information. At present, data encryption techniques have been applied to protect the security of the sensitive data stored in and shared by the data centers. However, the challenges of efficient data sharing, secure management of decryption keys, deduplication of the plaintext, and transparency and auditability of the data access arise. These challenges may obstruct the development of data sharing in data-driven systems. To meet these challenges, we propose a secure and trustworthy data sharing scheme and introduce blockchain, proxy re-encryption (PRE), and trusted execution environments (TEEs) into the data-driven systems. Our scheme mainly enables (1) automatic distribution and management of the decryption keys, (2) reduction of the reduplicative data, and (3) trustworthy data sharing and recording. Finally, we implement the proposed scheme and compare it with other existing schemes. It is demonstrated that our scheme reduces the computation and communication overhead.
lncRNA TRPM2-AS Promotes Colorectal Cancer Progression by Regulating miR-22-3p and FSTL1
Authors: Gao Yongsheng , Liu Bing , Liu Xin , Gao Yang , Shan Junqi , Li Yanliang
Published: October 2022

Background. In recent years, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) relate to many biological processes, which affect the progression of tumors. Transient receptor potential melastatin 2 antisense RNA (TRPM2-AS) is reported to play an oncogene-like role in tumors. TRPM2-AS is highly expressed in colorectal cancer (CRC), but the mechanism of TRPM2-AS is still unclear. The regulatory mechanism of TRPM2-AS in the occurrence of CRC was explored, so as to find new markers and therapeutic targets for CRC. Methods. TRPM2-AS and miR-22-3p expression in CRC cells were measured through reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Then, TRPM2-AS knockdown cell lines were constructed, and cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), clone formation, wound healing, and invasion assays were used to detect cell malignant behavior. Follistatin-like 1 (FSTL1) protein was detected by western blotting. The interaction between miR-22-3p and TRPM2-AS or FSTL1 was verified by the luciferase reporter and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay. Subcutaneous xenografts were performed using animal experiments. Results. TRPM2-AS expression in CRC cells was increased, and miR-22-3p expression was decreased in CRC cells. TRPM2-AS inhibition inhibited cell malignant behavior. miR-22-3p has a targeting relationship with TRPM2-AS and FSTL1. In cells, downregulation of TRPM2-AS expression promoted miR-22-3p and inhibited FSTL1 expression, while mimics inhibited FSTL1 expression. miR-22-3p inhibition or FSTL1 overexpression could offset the inhibition of TRPM2-AS downregulation on CRC cells. Conclusions. The TRPM2-AS/miR-22-3p/FSTL1 regulation axis could regulate CRC cell malignant behavior, which may provide a new perspective for interpreting the mechanism of CRC development.
TRIP13/FLNA Complex Promotes Tumor Progression and Is Associated with Unfavorable Outcomes in Melanoma
Authors: Lu Wang , Mengxuan Zhu , Ming Ren , Zixu Gao , Yong Zhang , Simin Zhang , Yang Yang , Leqi Qian , Kangjie Shen , Yanlin Li , Jia Feng , Yiteng Ding , Chuanyuan Wei , Jianying Gu
Published: October 2022

Cutaneous melanoma is a high-grade malignant tumor originating from skin melanocytes with high risk of recurrence and metastasis. Further study on the mechanism of melanoma development is urgently needed. Here, we performed a bioinformatic analysis to identify critical genes in melanoma using public datasets in the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Among these differentially expressed genes, thyroid hormone receptor interactor 13 (TRIP13) has been reported to exert an important role in the development of various tumors, while its role in melanoma remains unclear. We selected TRIP13 as a candidate gene for further study. TRIP13 expression in clinical specimens was evaluated by immunohistochemistry, and its association with patient prognosis was analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test. MV3 and A2058 melanoma cells were transfected with lentiviral vector to overexpress or knockdown TRIP13 expression level, and then, its biological function was studied using a series of in vitro and in vivo assays. RNA sequencing, co-immunoprecipitation, and mass spectrometry were used to identify the underlying mechanism of TRIP13. The results of this study exhibited that TRIP13 expression was upregulated in melanoma tissue compared with normal tissues, and high levels of TRIP13 were closely correlated with poor prognoses of melanoma patients. Elevated TRIP13 promoted the invasion and migration of melanoma cells in vitro and enhanced lung metastasis in vivo, without an influence on tumor growth. Importantly, elevated TRIP13 promoted the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of melanoma cells, indicating a higher metastatic potential of these cells. Mechanically, TRIP13 physically interacted with filamin A (FLNA) and then activated the PI3K/AKT pathway to transcriptional activation of EMT-related genes. The present study revealed that TRIP13 is a novel prognostic biomarker and potential therapeutic target for melanoma treatment.
[Retracted] Effects of Modified Duhuo Jisheng Decoction Combined with Arthroscopic Surgery on Bone Metabolism, Oxidative Stress, and Serum TLR4 and TGF‐β1 in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Zeng Xiangjing , Lin Shaoru , Li Yiliang
Published: October 2022

Objective. To analyze the effects of modified Duhuo Jisheng Decoction combined with arthroscopic surgery on bone metabolism, oxidative stress, and serum TLR4 and TGF‐β1 in patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA). Methods. Prospectively select 82 patients with KOA from January 2020 to January 2022 in our hospital and divide them into the control group and observation group according to the random number table method, with 41 patients in each group. The control group was treated with arthroscopic surgery alone and routine anti‐infection after operation. The observation group was treated with Duhuo Jisheng Decoction on the basis of the treatment of the control group. The patients in the two groups were treated continuously for 4 weeks. The improvement of patients’ symptoms was evaluated by the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC). Before treatment and 4 weeks after treatment, the scores of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) symptoms, bone metabolism indicators (cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP), collagen type II carboxy terminal peptide (ctx‐II), and matrix metalloproteinase‐3 (MMP‐3)), oxidative stress indicators (superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx), malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO)), serum Toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4), and transforming growth factor β (TGF‐β) level were compared between the two groups. Results. After treatment, the WOMAC score of the two groups decreased (42.45 ± 10.83) in the observation group and (67.81 ± 14.63) in the control group. The WOMAC score of the observation group was lower than that of the control group (P < 0.05). After treatment, the levels of COMP, CTX‐II, and MMP‐3 in the two groups decreased, and the levels of COMP, CTX‐II, and MMP‐3 in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). After treatment, the levels of SOD and GSHPx increased, while the levels of MDA and NO decreased in the two groups. The levels of SOD and GSHPx in the observation group were higher than those in the control group, while the levels of MDA and NO were lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). After treatment, the TLR4 level in the observation group was lower than that of the control group, and the level of TGF‐β in the observation group was higher than that of the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion. Compared with arthroscopic surgery alone, combined with modified Duhuo Jisheng Decoction can better alleviate the clinical symptoms of patients with KOA, improve their bone metabolism, oxidative stress indicators, and serum TLR4 and TGF‐β 1 level, and reduce the inflammatory injury of knee joint.
LncRNA Gm43843 Promotes Cardiac Hypertrophy via miR-153-3p/Cacna1c Axis
Authors: Cai Yuhua , Li Yunpeng
Published: October 2022

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported to engage in many human diseases, including cardiac hypertrophy. Cardiac hypertrophy was mainly caused by excessive pressure load, which can eventually lead to a decline in myocardial contractility. Gm43843, a novel lncRNA, has not been well explored in cardiac hypertrophy so far. Herein, we are going to search the function and the underlying molecular mechanism of Gm43843 in cardiac hypertrophy. Gm43843 levels were measured via qRT-PCR in mouse myocardial cells when they are treated with angiogenin II (Ang II) or transfected with different plasmids. Western blot assay was implemented to detect the cardiac hypertrophy-related protein markers, while the cell was analyzed via immunofluorescence (IF) assay to evaluate the hypertrophy. Meanwhile, the binding of Gm43843 and the putative targets was examined based on mechanistic assay results. We found that Gm43843 expression was increased with the elevated concentration of Ang II. Inhibited Gm43843 was detected to reduce the hypertrophy of mouse myocardial cells. Meanwhile, Gm43843/miR-153-3p/Cacna1c axis was found to modulate cardiac hypertrophy. In short, Gm43843 promotes cardiac hypertrophy via miR-153-3p/Cacna1c axis.
NOD1 and NOD2 Are Potential Therapeutic Targets for Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Wang Dongjie
Published: October 2022

The nucleotide oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors (NLRs) are a group of intracellular proteins that are essential for controlling the host's innate immune response. The cytosolic nucleotide binding oligomerization domains 1 and 2 receptors (NOD1 and NOD2) are the most widely investigated NLRs. As pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), NOD1 and NOD2 may recognize and bind endogenous damage associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and external pathogenic associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), directing the activation of inflammatory caspases through engaging the adaptor protein RIP2, which further activates the NF-κB and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways, thereby mediating host innate immunity and regulating the adaptive immunity. Previous research has identified NOD1 and NOD2 as key players in inflammatory disease and host-microbial defense. Despite numerous studies claiming that NOD1 and NOD2 are linked to tumorigenesis and tumor development, it is still unclear whether NOD1 and NOD2 act as cancer's friends or foes. In this review, we focus on concluding the current research progress on the role of NOD1 and NOD2 in a variety of cancers and discussing the potential reasons for the contradicting role of NOD1 and NOD2 in cancers. This review may help better understand the role of NOD1 and NOD2 in cancer and shed light on NOD1 and NOD2 as potential therapeutic targets for tumor immunotherapy.
Application of Intelligent Sensor in Mining Electrical Equipment Collection
Authors: Chang Jing , Zhang Fating , Zhu Yuyu
Published: October 2022

In order to meet the informatization requirements of coal mine safety monitoring, the author proposes a method for the application of smart sensors in the acquisition of mine electrical equipment. The system uses a variety of sensor fusion methods, with the help of Zigbee wireless network nodes, and passes the data collected by the sensor to the MCU core processor; thus, the collected data are processed, and then, the RS-485 communication protocol is used to upload the data to the upper station; finally, the monitoring of coal mine safety is realized through the background monitoring interface. Experimental results show that, among the five randomly selected nodes, most of the errors between the actual measured results and the collected results are concentrated within the 2% error range. Conclusion. The effect of the abovementioned acquisition scheme in coal mine application is verified, so as to realize the scientific monitoring of coal mine safety.
CAW: A Remote-Sensing Scene Classification Network Aided by Local Window Attention
Authors: Wang Wei , Wen Xiaowei , Wang Xin , Tang Chen , Deng Jiwei
Published: October 2022

Remote-sensing image scene data contain a large number of scene images with different scales. Traditional scene classification algorithms based on convolutional neural networks are difficult to extract complex spatial distribution and texture information in images, resulting in poor classification results. In response to the above problems, we introduce the vision transformer network structure with strong global modeling ability into the remote-sensing image scene classification task. In this paper, the parallel network structure of the local-window self-attention mechanism and the equivalent large convolution kernel is used to realize the spatial-channel modeling of the network so that the network has better local and global feature extraction performance. Experiments on the RSSCN7 dataset and the WHU-RS19 dataset show that the proposed network can improve the accuracy of scene classification. At the same time, the effectiveness of the network structure in remote-sensing image classification tasks is verified through ablation experiments, confusion matrix, and heat map results comparison.
Influence of Narcotrend-Assisted Anesthesia In-Depth Monitor on Cognitive Impairment of Elderly Patients under General Anesthesia
Authors: Tu Maoyong , Zhang Qing , Liu Xuesheng
Published: October 2022

Objective. This research is designed to probe into the influence of Narcotrend- (NT-) assisted anesthesia in-depth monitor on cognitive impairment of elderly patients under general anesthesia (GA). Methods. One hundred and forty-four elderly patients with GA in our hospital from October 2020 to April 2021 were randomized into two groups, namely, NT group (supervised anesthesia under NT monitoring) and group C (anesthesia according to doctors’ experience). The heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and central venous pressure (CVP) were recorded before surgery (T0), at the beginning of surgery (T1), at the end of surgery (T2), and 1 day after surgery (T3). Serum of patients was obtained at these four time points for measurements of C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and cortisol (Cor) levels using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The alterations in cognitive function pre- and post-anesthesia were assessed using the mini-mental state examination (MMSE), and adverse events (AEs) during anesthesia recovery, postoperative recovery, and dosage of anesthetics were recorded. Results. At T1 and T2, MAP was higher and CVP was lower in NT group, versus group C. NT group presented higher CRP, IL-6, and Cor than group C at T1-T3. MMSE scores were higher in TN group than in group C at 12, 24, and 48 h after surgery. The incidence rates of postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) and total AEs in group C were noticeably higher than those in NT group. Compared with group C, the time of anesthesia recovery, extubation, and postanesthesia care unit (PACU) residence in NT group reduced remarkably. Conclusions. NT has little effect on the physical condition of elderly patients under GA, and can reduce the dosage of narcotic drugs and promote the recovery of patients from anesthesia, which has high clinical value.