bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nutrient Removal and Denitrifying Phosphate-Removal Bacteria Content in the Modified Oxidation Ditch
Authors: Song Rui Jing , Yu Jing Jie , Du Jin Shan , Wang Shao Po , Sun Li Ping
Published: June 2014

The flashboard was installed in the circulation compartment of the modified oxidation ditch in order to regulate the mixed reflux from aerobic zone to anoxic zone. The differences of the nutrient removal efficiencies and the phosphate-removal bacteria content were researched before and after flashboard installation. The results showed that the average removal efficiencies of COD, NH4+, TN, TP were 93.3%, 87.1%, 78.1% and 96.0% respectively, and the proportion of denitrifying phosphate-removal bacteria (DPB) to total phosphorus accumulating organisms were 46.1% after the flashboard installation. However, the average removal efficiencies of COD, NH4+, TN, TP were 91.2%, 82.7%, 67.2% and 86.4% respectively, and the proportion of denitrifying phosphate-removal bacteria to total phosphorus accumulating organisms were 17.54% before the flashboard installation. So, the modified oxidation ditch with flashboard could enrich denitrifying phosphate-removal bacteria and and improve the nutrient removal efficiencies.
Photocatalytic Degradation of Bisphenol AF in TiO2 Suspension
Authors: Wang Pin Wen
Published: June 2014

The photodegradation behavior of bisphenol AF (BPAF) in TiO2 suspension was investigated. The influence of dissolved oxygen, TiO2 dosage, fluoride, and initial BPAF concentration on the degradation of BPAF was studied and described in details. The main purposes were to clarify the degradation kinetics of BPAF and quantify the fluoride concentration during the degradation. At an initial concentration of 40 mol/L, more than 97% of TOC was removed efficiency was achieved within 540 min irradiation, and the concentration of fluoride was 0.98 mg/L. Degradation of BPAF followed the Langmuir–Hinshelwood kinetics rate model and the reaction rate constant kre was 1.21 μM/min. The results obtained indicated that TiO2 photocatalytic degradation is a highly effective way to remove BPAF without any generation of more toxic products or fluoride pollution.
Removal of Organic Matters in Pesticide Wastewater by Supercritical Water Oxidation
Authors: Xu Dong Hai , Wang Shu Zhong , Huang Chuan Bao , Tang Xing Ying , Guo Yang , Qian Li Li
Published: June 2014

Supercritical water oxidation (SCWO) is an alternative to effectively dispose many varieties of organic wastewaters. In this article, a high concentration pesticide wastewater with very complicated components was handled by SCWO in a batch experimental plant at 25 MPa, 410–580 °C within the oxidant coefficient of 1.1–4.0 and the residence time of 1.0–10.0 min. The results show that reaction temperature, oxidant coefficient, residence time can improve XCOD (removal efficiency of chemical oxygen demand) of reactor effluent. XCOD reaches up to 99.89% at 550 °C, 25 MPa with the oxidant coefficient of 3.0 and the residence time of 5.0 min, and the corresponding COD concentration is 73 mg/L. Residence time indicates a relatively more important influence on COD1 at higher reaction temperatures and OCs. Furthermore, possible reaction pathways for SCWO of organic matters in the pesticide wastewater were also proposed primarily.
Research on Sewage Marine Discharge Effect in Xian Ren-Dao Port
Authors: Yu Hang , Bai Jing Feng
Published: June 2014

The sewage diffusion is an environmental material for protecting marine environment. It plays an important role in port engineering. Its effect under deep water was carried out between different diffuser design parameters based on the hydraulic model test, and Xian ren-dao port sewage marine disposal project was taken as an example. For South port project, jet angle was controlled to be 0 degree, and horizontal angle was controlled to be 0 degree. It not only can ensure that sewage fully diluted mixed, also can avoid the premature convergence and sewage lifting. It is feasible for selecting large angle nozzle under deep water and there are some technical bases have been provided for other sewage marine disposal project.
Isolation and Characterization of Three Bacterium Strains for Biodegradation of Methamidophos
Authors: Li Dan Dan , Yuan Yong Ze , Chen Yuan Lei , Li Na , Li Jing Long , Zheng Yong Liang , Xiong Li , Geng Hui , Liu De Li
Published: June 2014

In this study, three bacterium strains capable of degrading methamidophos (MAP) were isolated from the soil samples contaminated with organophosphorus pesticides (OPs). According to morphological characteristics, physiological properties, and 16S rDNA sequence analysis, the isolates HS-A32, HS-D36, and HS-D38 were identified as Acinetobacter sp., Pseudomonas stutzeri and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, respectively. They could utilize MAP as the sole carbon and nitrogen source, and the degradation ratio upon 500 mg/L MAP could reach 80% in 3 days under optimal conditions (pH 7.0, 30-35 °C). The strains could use glucose, fructose, ethanol, and galactose as carbon and energy sources, and the favorable nitrogen source included organic and inorganic nitrogen. Further studies showed that the three strains could degrade various OPs. The characterized strains with broad-spectrum OP-degrading activities could be useful for the biodegradation of MAP and the other OPs.
Research on the Process and Characteristics of Seawater Desulfurization for 350MW Unit
Authors: Cong Jiang , Hui Yu
Published: June 2014

Compared with the common wet process desulfurization in power engineering, this paper emphasis on seawater desulfurization process and characteristics ,and provide the reference for seawater desulfurization in foreign electric power engineering in the future.
Study of Toluene Removal by Bipolar Corona Discharge Coupled with Photocatalytic
Authors: Chen Hai Feng
Published: June 2014

Experimental study the degradation efficiency of toluene by bipolar corona discharge coupled with TiO2 photocatalysis. Bipolar corona discharge can degrade the toluene efficiently and rapidly, the final products are mainly carbon dioxide and water. Toluene removal efficiency reduces when the initial concentration of toluene increasing, while toluene removal quantity is increased. Removal of toluene decreases with the gas flow rate increasing, the removal quantity first increases and then decreases. Bipolar corona discharge and a photocatalytic coupling can inprove the degradation efficiency further. Increase of the applied voltage help to improve the removal of toluene, and also to improve the coupling effect of the photocatalyst. In optimized conditions, the removal efficiency of toluene can be more than 90%. The chemical reaction process of the toluene oxidation and the TiO2 catalysis mechanism are discussed. It is pointed out that the OH* produced by corona discharge has important significance for rapid oxidation of toluene.
The Present Situation of Combined SO2/NOX Removal Technology from Flue Gas
Authors: Zhang Yan , Xie Hai Wei
Published: June 2014

The mainly pollutant from coal-fired power plants are SO2 and NOX. Equipments of desulphurization and denitrification step by step are expensive and have a lower efficiency. Comparing with them, Combined Removal of SO2 and NOX technology have great advantages, such as, the simplified complication, better operation property, lower cost and less using area. So Combined Removal of SO2 and NOX in one system become the keystone in the research of cleaning technology .On the base of looking up a lot of references, this paper makes a detailed introduction about Combined Removal of SO2 and NOX technology lately in China and other countries, including the removal principle, the mainly advantages and defects, the present situation and the application of technology. The contrast of economic and technical standard is given .Through analysis, synthesis and comparison of two kinds of technology-Combined Removal of SO2/NOX in boiler and in flue gas, the key of research in future is found out. These contents can reference in improvement and exploiture of technology later.
UASB-CASS-Coagulation Treatment and its Application in Cassava Starch Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Han Biao , Zhao Wei , Pan Zheng Xian , Zhang Wei Wei , Lu Xian Jian
Published: June 2014

Aiming to the problem that the removal rates of COD, BOD5, SS is low, economic benefits and efficiency are poor on traditional treatment of cassava starch wastewater, a new treatment which combines UASB,CASS with coagulation was presented. The UASB anaerobic reactor is used to remove most of the wastewater containing organic carbon as a pretreatment. Then, CASS aerobic treatment equipment is presented to dislodge organic carbon left and materials such as nitrogen and phosphorus as a secondary process. The coagulation process combined with UASB and CASS was applied to eliminate the residual organic matter in waste water and make the emission up to the standard finally. The UASB-CASS-Coagulation treatment was applying in a certain starch factory and the results show that the proposed method has higher efficiency compared to traditional treatment of cassava starch wastewater. It can directly bring environmental benefits by reducing emissions and economic benefits by recycling methane and yellow pulp. So it has a wider application prospects, and can be popularized easily.
V and F Codoped TiO2-SiO2 Composite Films for Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity
Authors: Guan Ling Xiao , Yao Yao
Published: June 2014

A simple process was developed for preparation of highly photoactive V and F codoped TiO2-SiO2 composite film. The as-prepared specimens were characterized using Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area, photoluminescence (PL) spectra, and UV–Vis spectroscopy. The BET results revealed that the surface area of the modified TiO2 sample was 413 m2 g-1, while pure TiO2 103 m2 g-1. The PL results showed that the recombination rate of the photo-generated electrons and holes was effectively prohibited via the multi-modification. The photocatalytic activities of the films were evaluated by degradation of methyl green (MG) dye. Compared with pure TiO2 film, the multi-modified TiO2 film exhibited excellent photocatalytic activity and clearly responsive to the visible light. Keywords: V and F codoping; TiO2-SiO2 composite film; Photocatalytic activity
Wet Scrubbing Removal of Methyl Mercaptan by Peroxymonosulfate under Acidic Condition
Authors: Yang Shi Ying , Feng Lin Yu , Huo Mei Qing , Li Yan
Published: June 2014

Peroxymonosulfate (PMS) was used in wet scrubbing removal of odorous gas methyl mercaptan (CH3SH) under acidic condition (pH = 2) for the first time. Even though CH3SH can hardly dissociate as CH3S− under acidic solution (pKa = 10.3), quick oxidizing reaction may occur at the gas-liquid interface by PMS alone or Co2+ activated PMS oxidation. When the gas flow is 0.5 L min-1, PMS alone can remove 94% of 60 ppm/v CH3SH. The absorption of CH3SH is the rate controlling step of the removal process, however, quick oxidizing reaction with the dissolved CH3SH(aq) molecule could improve the mass transfer of CH3SH from the gas phase into the liquid phase.
Practice and Synthetize Molecularly Imprinted Polymers for Seperating Target Neuro-Protective Compounds from TCM with Less Pollution
Authors: Geng Ping , Liu Qing Shan , Gulibanumu Kebaituli , Li Xu , Li Ke Qin , Yin Xiao Ying
Published: June 2014

Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are synthetic materials that can be the environmental protection extraction method in TCM research and industry. They can overcome the defects of traditional extract methods and environmental pollution. In our research, MIPs were prepared by precipitation polymerization with neuro-protective picroside I and ginsenoside Rb1 as the template molecule. Moreover, the morphology of MIPs was characterized by electron microscope scanning and the static adsorption capacity was measured by the Scatchard equation. Finally, MIPs were made into MIP-SPE columns to enrich the template molecule and its analogues comparing with C18-SPE column and the results show that MIPs have good affinity and selectivity towards the Rb1 and Picroside I in SPE columns. This research may offer a more environmentally friendly method to extract active compounds in the traditional herbal.
Environmental Protection Technology of Modern Lead-Acid Battery Production
Authors: Shu Yue Hong , Cheng Zuo , Liu Xue
Published: June 2014

An overview of environmental protection technologies of modern lead-acid battery production is presented. Types of pollutants of lead acid battery in the production process are discussed and analyzed. Focusing on the different types of pollutants produced in different processes, and several environmental machines used in lead-acid battery are specifically introduced.
Study on the Process of PTA Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Liu Chun Mei , Wang Zheng Yang
Published: June 2014

Describe the water pollution at present, the produce of industrial wastewater and its main characters. Find out the available methods to treat with the pollutants in PTA wastewater. For example: the physicochemical process, the Biological chemical process, the Bacterial film process and so on. Make up a whole fabrication processing.
Sustainable Wastewater Reuse Technique for Irrigation
Authors: Zhao Shou Gang , Li Na , Hao Bojin
Published: June 2014

Wastewater reuse has drawn increasing attention worldwide as an integral part of water resource management due to increasing scarcity of freshwater resources and growing environmental awareness. At present, wastewater was mainly applied in agriculture irrigation in many countries. But wastewater reuse also will bring with a series of issues, such as environmental impacts and human being health risk. How to ensure sustainable wastewater reuse for irrigation is a very important issue. The essay analysed technique support and management strategy of sustainable wastewater reuse for irrigation.
The Preparation of Chitosan and its Application in the Treatment of Electroplating Wastewater
Authors: Hui Ru Liu , Cai Hua Zhong , Rui Jun Feng
Published: June 2014

In this paper, the chitosan was prepared for treatment of electroplating wastewater. The influence of temperature, PH value, the amount of chitosan and mixing time on the effects of the wastewater treatment was investigated. The result showed that at PH=3, with the addition of 0.6g chitosan and 2h of mixing, the optimum wastewater treatment effect can be obtained. The removal rate of COD is above 80% and the adsorption rate of copper ion is above 99%. The decolourization ratio and the turbidity indicated that the treatment is effective.
Nitrogen Removal along Vertical direction by Plant Biological Membrane System
Authors: Shui Yong Hong , Li Jian , Feng Xil Ning , Jiang Xue Jun , Li Qiao Qiao , Shui Ai She
Published: June 2014

Based on the equipment of integrated constructed wetlands (ICWs) with independent intellectual property rights. Plant biological membrane system (PBMS) was constructed to purify nitrogen of sanitary sewage. PBMS includes palm silk, non-woven and floating plant (Trifolium repens L.). Total nitrogen (TN), ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) was investigated to evaluate the effects of the layered purification and resistance to the outside impact. The results showed that layered purification occurred along the flowing vertical direction. The average removal rate of TN, NH3-N and total dissolved solids was 65.6%, 60.7% and 38.7%, respectively. The TN and NH3-N removal load of the lower, middle and upper layer were 1.0, 0.8, 0.7g/ (m2.d) and 0.8, 0.8, 0.3g/ (m2.d), respectively. The higher concentration of inflow the stronger resists impact load capability. The TN and NH3-N average removal load of the lower, middle and upper layer were 4.1, 1.88, 1.57 times and 3.13, 1.25, 1 time than those of the stable phase, respectively.
Study of Effects of Different Fertigation Modes on Soil Profile Nitrogen Distribution and Rice Yield
Authors: Zhu Guan Xi , Shao Xiao Hou , Li Yuan Yuan , Liu Jie , Wu Qi Jin
Published: June 2014

Field experiments were conducted for controlled and mid-gathering irrigation mode in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, focusing on the effect analysis of this mode with different fertilizations on profile soil total nitrogen and alkali-hydrolyzale nitrogen distributions and rice yield compared with the conventional irrigation mode. Results obtained showed that both total nitrogen and alkali-hydrolyzale nitrogen in soil profile were decreased with the increase of soil depth. Fast decrement of total nitrogen was found from surface 0-20 cm of soil layer and it reached the plateau below 40 cm of soil layer. Under the same fertilizer application, both total nitrogen and alkali-hydrolyzale nitrogen in surface soil layer were lower under controlled and mid-gathering irrigation mode which reduced the loss risks of runoff and leaching of soil and fertilizer nitrogen. Controlled and mid-gathering irrigation reduced water comsumption and N pollutant discharge without significant changes in rice yield compared with conventional irrigation. Conjunction of organic and inorganic fertilizers significantly improved the rice yield and utilization rate of nitrogen.
The Research Progress of Nitric Oxides Controlling Technology
Authors: yu Hai Bo , Ding Li Feng , Wang Ren Fei , Lian Liu
Published: June 2014

Because of the special physic-chemical characters of the nitric oxides, controlling of the nitric oxides which shaped during combustion is a complex technology. In this paper, the advance in emission controlling technology of nitric oxide has been reviewed.Selective catalytic reaction of the nitric oxide(SCR) and plasma process in denitration of flue gas are emphasized.
Study on the Electrochemical Properties of Ethylmalto at Carbon Nanotube/ITO Electrode
Authors: Bao Zhi Juan , Yan Xia Xia , Wang Li Juan , Tian Jian Fei , Tian Fu Li
Published: June 2014

A new voltammetric sensor for the detection of ethylmalto was developed, based on the carbon nanotube ( CNT)/ITO modified electrode which allows for lower background current and more reproducible responses. The resulting sensor exhibits excellent redox activity towards ethylmalto. CNT/ITO electrodes were obtained by electrophoretic deposition (EPD) method .Further differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) experiments demonstrate that the oxidative peaks increased linearly with ethylmalto concentration in the range of 2.0×10-6 to 8.0×10-5 mol L-1 with a linear equation of ip= 0.3428 + 0.7132C and coefficient of 0.994.
Effect of Hg in Jiaozhou Bay Waters - Aquatic Transfer Process
Authors: Chen Yu , Qu Yan Feng , Pei Ren Lin , Yang Dong Fang
Published: June 2014

Based on the investigation data of Hg in Jiaozhou Bay waters in April, July and October 1986, this paper tried to analysis the horizontal, vertical and seasonal distributions of Hg in Jiaozhou Bay, and to reveal the pollution sources and transfer processes of Hg. Results showed that Jiaozhou Bay had been heavily polluted by Hg, whatever in different seasons. Hg in Jiaozhou Bay was mainly from point sources such as industrial waste and sewage runoff. The horizonal and vertical distributions of Hg content showed the transfer processes as, from estuaries to their outside and the bay mouth, and form surface waters to bottom waters, respectively. The water environmental capacity of Hg in Jiaozhou Bay had been unable to carry the emission load of Hg, and therefore the reduction of emission as well as the improvement of cyclic utilization ratio were the primary processes for Hg pollution prevention and reduction.
Emergency Response Technology Using Powdered Activated Carbon for Sudden Water Pollution Accidents with Petroleum Pollutants
Authors: Liu Lei , Zhang Ling Guo , Hu Zhe
Published: June 2014

Emergency disposal combined technology of sorbent cotton intercept and powdered activated carbon (PAC) adsorption was researched. The removal effects of petroleum pollutants individually treated by sorbent cotton were analyzed. The influencing factors of PAC adsorption to deal with petroleum pollutants, including PAC dosage, oscillation frequency and oscillation time, were investigated. The results showed that removal efficiency increased with increasing PAC dosage. When PAC dosage reached 50mg/L, the remaining concentration of petroleum pollutants met the standards. And after oscillated for 120min, the total removal efficiency increased to more than 99%.
Study on the Influencing Factors of V-Doped TiO2 Photocatalysis
Authors: Wang Shu Qin , Liu Wen Bo , Zhang Ding Lin
Published: June 2014

V-doped TiO2 was prepared by the sol-gel method. The different reaction and preparation conditions of TiO2 and V-doped TiO2were evaluated through the formaldehyde degradation under the visible light. Results showed that the formaldehyde degradation efficiency reached 70.8% when the doping amount of V was 1%(mol), the calcining temperature was 700 oC and pH was 3.5; It improved to 88.5% with 20g activated carbon as support and the 89W energy-saving lamp as light source; The formaldehyde degradation products were H2O and CO2; The specific surface area and pore distribution of TiO2 were analyzed by BET and its crystalline structure was analyzed by XRD,which indicated that mixture of anatase and rutile have large surface area and strong photocatalytic activity due to the V-doping. These suggested that the photocatalytic reactions of formaldehyde included adsorption and photocatalytic oxidation which was obvious for the V-doped TiO2.
Study of Adsorption of Pb(II) from Aqueous Solution onto Na-Bentonite/Poly AMPS/AA/AM Composite
Authors: Luo Yong An , Chu Shi Chen
Published: June 2014

Na-Bentonite/poly AMPS/AA/AM composite was synthesized by aqueous solution polymerization and characterized by XRD, SEM and FTIR spectroscopy. Na-Bentonite and poly AMPS/AA/AM was a mechanical mixture. The composite was used as an adsorbent for the removal of Pb (II) from aqueous solutions. The adsorption quantity of composite was 7.9mg/g.
Study on Removing Ammonium Nitrogen from Wastewater Using Magnesium Hydroxide
Authors: Wang Yu Qi , Zhang Qi , Liu Luo Feng , Luo Bi Jun , Wu Dan , Xi Ping Huang
Published: June 2014

Magnesium ammonium phosphate (MAP) precipitation has been studied by using magnesium hydroxide and sodium dihydrogen phosphate as precipitators for treating simulation wastewater in which the concentration of ammonia nitrogen is 10.00g/L. The effect of reaction time, pH and precipitator ratio on ammonium nitrogen removal rate has been investigated. The obtained optimum treatment conditions of MAP precipitation for treating ammonia nitrogen wastewater are as follows: reaction time is 4 hours, pH is 8.0, the molar ratio of sodium dihydrogen phosphate and ammonia nitrogen in wastewater, i.e. n (P):n (N), is 1.2, the molar ratio of magnesium hydroxide and sodium dihydrogen phosphate, i.e. n (Mg):n (P), is 1.4. Under these conditions, the ammonium nitrogen removal rate, by using MAP precipitation for treating simulation ammonia nitrogen wastewater, is 90.71%.
Research on the Environmental Geochemistry Characteristics of Heavy Metals in Contaminated Industrial Fields
Authors: Hou Wei , Yang Yong Wei , Wu Dan , Li Shu Xian , Wang He , Ji Lan
Published: June 2014

Using the single factor index method and comprehensive pollution index method, the heavy metal pollution situations of 60 points (128 field samples) from a coke-gas factory which is located in the north of China were evaluated, as well as the site sources of pollution were analyzed. Mercury, arsenic, lead, zinc, and copper could be detected in the field. Compared with the soil environmental quality standards (2008), it was found that mercury (67 times higher than standard) and arsenic (3.5 times higher than standard) represented the most serious pollution among these five metals, while the pollution situation of copper and zinc were the lightest.
Study on Biofortification in Vertical Flow Constructed Wetland
Authors: Zhang Ji Ku , Shao Hui Ting , Ming Yue , Wang Hui Ye
Published: June 2014

The methods of dosing composite microbial inoculants are used in vertical flow constructed wetlands for biofortification. The removal of the main pollution indicators by substrate microorganisms was studied. The results show that compared with the blank system, the number of bacteria and nitrifying bacteria was higher in the substrate of constructed wetland by biofortification. At the hydraulic loading rate (HLR) of about 0.8 m3/(m2·d), relationship between total number of bacteria and the removal rate of COD was significant in Device A and Device B. Relationship with TP removal rate is not evident. Correlation between the number of nitrifying bacteria and TN removal rate was obvious. The biofortification is feasible on technology and economy.
Experimental Study on the Plasticizer Wastewater Treatment by UASB-A/O Process
Authors: Yu Zhi Yong , Bao Jia Ze , Jiang Jian Guo , Ma Wu Sheng , Yang Jin Yao
Published: June 2014

Plasticizer wastewater of high concentration was experimentally studied by the process of pretreatment of acidification demulsion and Fe-C micro-electrolysis and combined process of UASB and A/O aiming at the CODCr removal in this work. The result showed that the CODCr removal rate of pretreatment process arrived at 56.2% after Fe-C micro-electrolysis reaction of 160 min on the optimal condition of pH 3.5 of acidification demulsion and 1:1.2 of the Fe/C ratio, and meanwhile improved the biodegradability of wastewater. On the other hand, UASB-A/O process could afford 80~85% of the CODCr removal rate under the optimized condition of temperature 30~35 °C, HRT 48h, pH 6.5 for UASB and HRT of aerobic zone 10~12 h, DO of about 3mg/L for A/O basin. The whole system could run at the total CODCr removal rate of 94.53~96.36%, and the system effluent CODCr was 500 mg/L or less.
Study on the Linear Regression Model of Nitrogen Removal Influence Factors in Constructed Wetland Technology
Authors: Zhang Ji Ku , Wang Jun Lin , Zhang Xiao Tong
Published: June 2014

For accurate test on the influence factors of nitrogen removal in constructed wetland technology, experiment to simulate the integrated vertical-flow constructed wetland processing of central drainage water in Shenyang Architecture University, mainly analysis the efficiency of nitrogen removal. The results show that we ultimately determine the influencing factors on the removal rate of nitrogen effect model by analyzing the data through multiple linear regression method. It is proved that the prediction results were exact, and can be used to guide the eutrophic landscape water body treatment and pollution control field Construction of constructed wetland technology in China.
Analysis of Initial Rainwater Treatment Scheme in Small Area
Authors: Liu Shu Lin , Zhao Meng , Liu Ling
Published: June 2014

With the increased attention on urban water environment, the treatment of initial rainwater is also being concentrated on. This article analyses the initial rainwater treatment in the city through the actual project and hopes to be able to make an effort for the improvement of urban water environment situation.
Home Range Shift and Dispersal of Red Deer: Implications for Establishing Nature Reserve Networks in China
Authors: Bao Wei Dong , Zhou Xu Wei , Zhang Shu Li , Shi Kun
Published: June 2014

The establishment of nature reserves is critical for saving endangered wild animal species, however, most of the reserves are separated by human settlements in China. It is unknown that how those animals inside the reserve adapted to the isolated environment in habitat use and dispersal. We studied red deer seasonal home range and dispersal by radio-tracking from 2006 to 2011 at Saihanwula Biosphere Reserve, Inner Mongolia. The results showed that home range sizes of female deer had seasonal differences with the smallest range in autumn and largest in spring which was different from home range variation of red deer in Europe. Home ranges overlapped between female deer, particularly in autumn and winter seasons. A young male showed dispersal behavior, several times during dispersal period it tried to find suitable habitat outside of the reserve. Our results indicated that a connected nature reserve network is needed to protect wild ungulates in China.
Ecological Restoration Approaches for CO2 Emission from a Large Gas Field at Operation Period
Authors: Zhang Ai Ping , Chen Wei Ming , Liu Jie , Liu Dan
Published: June 2014

The capacity of a large gas field is up to hundreds of billions of cubic metres, and percentage of the CO2 volume in raw gas is 8%~10%. Estimated by survey data and empirical equations, over 60% of the total emission from the gas field can be absorbed and utilized by regional crops and vegetation, and nearly a million tons per year exhausted. Based on analysis of mechanism and effect of CO2 influence on regional plants, soil and atmosphere, approaches for regional ecological restoration are put forward, including the approach of regional crops restoration, other plants restoration, ecological landscape reconstruction, and CO2 reduction technologies. This study provides reference for sustainable development of other gas field in low carbon era.
Study on the Impact Factors of Microbial Oil Displacement Efficiency
Authors: Cheng Ming Ming , Lei Guang Lun , Li Bao Sheng , Xia Tian
Published: June 2014

In order to quantify the microbial oil displacement efficiency, a group of petroleum-degrading bacteria were obtained from the sludge samples. Three strains of them with maximum degradation performance were tested to determine how the concentration of bacteria and nutrition affect the oil displacement efficiency. The volume of oil displaced by different strain was measured to find the rules of oil displacement efficiency change with time. From a practical point of view, the research found that there exist an optimum value between the oil displacement efficiency and concentration of bacteria and nutrient, which was related to crude oil price and cost of biological agents.
A Comparative Study on Recycled Glass Fibers and Milled Glass Fibers as Reinforcement Fibers in Polypropylene
Authors: Miao Huai Min , Xu Yong Biao , Zhang Fei Xiong , Qiao Yu Hua , Jiang Wei , Zheng Yan Hong , Shen Zhi Gang
Published: June 2014

Fibers reinforced polymers have received considerable attention from industry in recent years. Due to the sharp resources recovery, and the global demand for fiber materials, there has been growing interest in the use of the recycled glass fibers (RGF) as an alternative. This work focuses on comparing the RGF from nonmetals of waste printed circuit boards (PCBs) and virgin milled glass fibers (MGF) as reinforcement fibers in polypropylene (PP). The results show that toughness, strength, and rigidity of the composites can be improved simultaneously by the addition the RGF into PP. Meanwhile, the effect of the RGF on PP matrix is slightly higher than that of the MGF. The morphology, evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), indicates uniform dispersion of both types of the fibers in the PP matrix. Based on comprehensive consideration of the mechanical properties, thermal properties, economy and environment, the RGF could replace traditional MGF for producing PP plastic products and can bring a good economic benefit to enterprises. This would develop a new technique for meeting the demand of the glass fiber materials and resolving the environmental pollution.
Adsorption of Cu(II) and Zn(II) Ions by Solidified Landfilled Sludge and its Pyrolyzed Produce
Authors: Yao Wu , Zhu Wei Qin , Zhan Yin Na , Wu Yang
Published: June 2014

In this study, using solidified landfilled sludge (SLS) and its pyrolyzed produce (PSLS) as adsorbents, adsorption characteristics of Cu2+ and Zn2+ onto SLS and PSLS was investigated. These results revealed that PSLS had more irregular pores and its surface roughness increased, and the surface area of PSLS was twice than that of SLS. Adsorption studies showed that adsorption capacity of Cu2+ and Zn2+ increased with the increasing dosage of adsorbents, and the adsorption process of Cu2+ and Zn2+ onto SLS or PSLS could be divided into the first rapid step and the second slower step. Based on Langmuir equation, the maximum limiting adsorption capacities of Cu2+ and Zn2+ onto PSLS was much higher that onto SLS. Moreover, FTIR analysis showed that the adsorption of Cu2+ and Zn2+ on SLS depended on active functional group such as hydroxy aldehydes while that relied on the groups such as C=C bond of aromatic rings, Si-O-Si or Si-O-C structures for PSLS.
Analysis on Biogas Engineering of Farm and Investment Result
Authors: Yang Dong , Wei Shi Jun , Sun Hao Sen
Published: June 2014

This paper analyzed a large-scale biogas plant in a meat-processing farm located in the Laiyang, the CSTR process was applied for production. Along with biogas production, this project also adopted a combined heat and power system. The system burns biogas for generating, but they also convert the waste heat into anaerobic reactor to promote the production of biogas.These comprehensive systems can provide heat, electricity and organic fertilizer, which can result in economic, social and energy saving benefits. Due to these benefits, the system is commonly used in China when dealed with large scale livestock biogas projects.
Analysis on Current Situation and Countermeasures of Rural Household Garbage in China
Authors: Du Lin Zhi , Chen Xiao , Sun Xiao Man , Shang Ai Ying , Cao Meng
Published: June 2014

For a long time, the garbage problem in rural areas does not get enough attention. In most rural areas, the construction of garbage disposal facilities is almost blank. Besides, the mechanism of garbage disposal is extremely inadequate, and the dirty and messy garbage pollution is widespread. This paper analyzes the situation of the rural household garbage disposal and the harm of household garbage, aiming to propose some countermeasures in order to solve the problem of household garbage pollution in rural areas.
Experimental Studies on Basic Performance and Application of Self-Compacting Concrete Using Waste Brick Recycled Coarse Aggregate
Authors: Liu Ying Li , Liu Han Qing , Gao Lin
Published: June 2014

With rapid economic development in China, the frequency of that new buildings replace old buildings increases gradually in rural areas, which inevitably results in the emergence of a large amount of waste clay brick. The processing of construction waste takes up a lot of land resources and worsen the existing rural environmental pollution situation. using waste clay brick to prepare recycled coarse aggregate concrete not only can effectively eliminate construction waste and reduce the consumption of original coarse aggregate and thus the cost of buildings, but also solves a series of environmental problems—it conforms to the concept of "green building" and stands in line with the strategic objectives of sustainable development. This paper researched on the influence of recycled coarse aggregate gradation and water cement ratio to the strength of recycled concrete at first, then experimentally verified the application feasibility of recycled coarse aggregate self-compacting concrete.
Prediction of Wastewater Emission in China
Authors: Kong Yi Shu , Liu Xiu Li
Published: June 2014

A model to predict the wastewater emission in China was established with comprehensive factor analysis, combining the ARMA and OLS methods. Applied the model, the wastewater emission from 2013 to 2015 in China was predicted. Industry characteristics of wastewater emission between the whole nation and Haihe River basin were analyzed using the 1999 and 2002 water conservancy input-occupancy-output (IOO) tables. The results showed that the national wastewater emission of 2013-2015 will reach 72998, 76897 and 81071 million tons respectively, and industries like paper printing and educational goods manufacturing, chemical industry, discharged a large amount of wastewater and their wastewater emission by unit value added were also very high. In the meantime, wastewater by unit value added of metal smelting and rolling processing industry went down largely from 1999 to 2002, which revealed that the strict supervision had positive effects on reducing wastewater emission.
Recovery and Reuse of Sliver and Sulfuric Acid from Waste Liquid of COD Determining
Authors: Zhai Jian , Jiang Chun Hua
Published: June 2014

Silver sulfate in waste liquid of COD determining could be recycled by NaCl-H2SO4 technology, the recovery rate could be reached 80.5 %. Make a comparison between recyclable Ag2SO4 and commercially available Ag2SO4, and make seven kinds of wastewater COD experiment. The result of basic statistic analysis showed that recyclable Ag2SO4 could be recycled available for the determination of COD in water. The sulfuric acid in COD waste liquid (except silver) could be recycled by acid retardation technology, the recovery rate could be reached 91.7 %. Ag2SO4 and sulfuric acid in COD waste liquid was effectively recycled by NaCl-H2SO4-acid retardation coupling technology.
Research on Waste Product Recycling Ability Evaluation for Remanufacturing
Authors: Zhou Zhan Feng , Du Yan Wei
Published: June 2014

According to the decision attributes of green manufacturing and requirements of remanufacturing, an evaluation index system of waste product recycling ability was established, the weight of every level index was determined by using analytic hierarchy process, according to the fuzziness and uncertainty of evaluation index, the recycling ability was evaluated by applying the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation and an example was given. The result shows that the method is simple, accurate and has a good application.
Study of Anaerobic Digestion of Model Kitchen Waste
Authors: Liu Li Fan , Liao Yong Wei , Liang Jie , Lai Shu Ting
Published: June 2014

The characteristics such as pH, dry matter, carbon concentration, the total solid and volatile solid of kitchen wastes produced by a canteen in Guangzhou were measured. The anaerobic digestion process performances were evaluated through the examination of operational conditions like activated sludge inoculation, temperature on SS, biogas production, COD concentration and pH in the reactor. When the proportion between kitchen wastes to seed sludge inoculation was 1:1, the biogas production reached the peak at 45 °C. The kitchen waste pH decreased at the first four days then increased adversely after 4 days digestion, but COD concentration showed the opposite variation.
Study on Advanced Treatment of Landfill Leachate by Sludge-Based Activated Carbon
Authors: Chen You Lan , Wu Shan Shan
Published: June 2014

Sludge-based Activated Carbon(SAC) was carried out on the method of chemical activation and high temperature pyrolysis, using municipal sludge as the main raw materials, mixed with a small amount of corn straw. Through the analysis of characterization of activated carbon, the best quality blending ratio of straw is 10% ; the dynamic adsorption results of tail liquid of landfill leachate show that SAC can effectively remove most of harmful substances in the tail liquid of landfill leachate and the effluent reached the vertical ground surface standard of the standard for pollution control on the landfill site for domestic waste .
Study on Preparation of a New-Type Catalyst and its Catalytic Activity
Authors: Lu Qin Fang , Yang Tao
Published: June 2014

To improve the utilization rate of visible light in the degradation of the dye wastewater, the supported mesoporous TiO2 catalyst with perlite as the carrier was prepared. The effect of the calcination time and the loading time on the degradation of the methylene blue by the catalyst was analyzed. The result showed that: as the calcination time exceeded 1.5h, the catalyst activity decreased with the calcination time increasing; under the condition of the optimal calcination time of 1.5h, the degradation rate of methylene blue by visible light reached 71.59%; the multi-loading was in favor of increasing the catalyst activity, of which 3-time loading was the optimal.
A Study on the Optimal Configuration Based on Heat Energy Utilization of Yellow Phosphorus Tail Gas in Fine Phosphorous Chemical Enterprises
Authors: Liu Xu Qing , Xia Shi Bin , Cai Zhong Li , Liu Da Yin
Published: June 2014

By analyzing the feasibility of comprehensive utilization method of yellow phosphorus tail gas after desulfurized, the author of this article found only the method of heat energy utilization is technically more mature, practical and feasible. Taking a chemical plant in some Chemical co., LTD in Hubei for example, this article demonstrates that the complete and comprehensive utilization of yellow phosphorus tail gas could be achieved once various technical measures are planned as a whole and their configuration are optimized. The technical measures include replacing coal-fired boiler, using as polymerization heat source in fine phosphate production, stoving the materials of yellow phosphorus and burning chemical products and so on. Finally, this article put forward principles and requirements of the optimal configuration based on heat energy utilization of yellow phosphorus tail gas in fine phosphorous chemical enterprises.
A Tentative Study on Quantity of Construction and Demolition Waste Generation in Tianjin
Authors: Liu Juan , Xue Yong Hai , Yang Ya Nan
Published: June 2014

This research makes a tentative study on generation of construction and demolition waste (CDW) in the city of Tianjin. Based on statistic data on construction area, amounts of construction waste, renewal transformation waste and decoration waste are estimated respectively, and summed up to the result of total CDW generation from 1996 to 2012. It shows that total CDW generation in urban area of Tianjin is up to 19.11 million tons in 2012.
Characteristics and Adsorption of Volatile Organic Sulfur Compounds from Food Waste Processing Plant
Authors: Ren Lian Hai
Published: June 2014

The emission characteristics of volatile organic sulfur compounds (VOSCs) released from food waste processing plant were detected with cold enrichment-GC/MS. Four main sections of the plant including unloading room, crushing chamber, hydrothermal reactor and aerobic fermentation reactor were selected as sampling points. Results showed that the concentration of VOSCs of the four main sections were 0.085, 0.235, 1.175 and 0.245 mg/m3, respectively. Compared with other stages, the level of VOSCs of hydrothermal reactor was relatively high, and methyl mercaptan (MeSH) was the most abundant compound at this section. In order to remove the pollution of MeSH, modified activated carbon was used as the adsorbent. The influences of modified conditions, such as drying temperature, H3PO4 concentration and impregnated time on adsorption were investigated. Results showed that the amounts of acid groups and BET surface area of activated carbon had a significant impact on the adsorption capacity. When the drying temperature was 70°C, the H3PO4 concentration was 15% and the impregnated time was 3.0 h, the adsorption capacity of MeSH achieved the maximum value of 22.068 mg/g. This template explains and demonstrates how to prepare your camera-ready paper for Trans Tech Publications. The best is to read these instructions and follow the outline of this text.
Co-Processing Technology of Mining and Municipal Solid Waste
Authors: Guo Li Jie , Liu Guang Sheng
Published: June 2014

First of all, hazards of mined-out areas and municipal solid waste are analyzed. Then according to the research status of municipal solid waste processing and mine filling technologies, both of the environmental issues are researched. From the point of view that municipal solid waste and mined-out areas can be regarded as resources to each other, co-processing technology of mining and municipal solid waste is proposed. Research contents and key techniques of this technology are discussed, which contain classification and preprocessing technologies of the filled waste, experiment of filling materials ratio and the techniques of filling municipal solid waste. This technology can not only help to process the municipal solid waste cleanly, but also control the disasters of mined-out areas, so it has an important practical significance.
Design and Simulation Optimization of the Gravity Oil-Water Separator
Authors: Qiu Lei , Duan Ji Hai
Published: June 2014

An oil/water separator with inlet component, perforated plates and coalesence internals was designed in this paper. The influence of the perforated plates on the flow field and the structures of coalesence component on the oil/water separation were simulated by commercial software FLUENT. The results show that the perforated plates can prevent turbulence and eliminate back-mixing flow effectively. And the flow field uniformity was the best,when the distance between the two plates was 140mm.The separator with inclined plates had the highest separation efficiency of the three structures.
Application of Bioinformatics in Microbial Ecology
Authors: Du Rui Fang , Li Jing Yu , Liu Jian Li , Zhao Ji Zhao
Published: June 2014

The major goal of microbial ecology is to study the structure and function of complex microbial communities. Various bioinformatics software were employed to handle a large number of genomic information emerged by using high throughput sequencing. This paper summarizes application of bioinformatics in microbial ecology and their corresponding software used in α, β-diversity studies; and finally expounds the important roles in establishment of four synthesis databases.
Effect of Phanerochaete chrysosporium on the Characteristics of Humic Substances during Composting of Agricultural Wastes
Authors: Huang Dan Lian , Feng Chong Ling , Peng Zhi Wei , Zeng Guang Ming , Lai Cui , Xu Piao , Huang Chao
Published: June 2014

The effect of Phanerochaete chrysosporium (Pc) on the characteristics of humic substances (HS) was investigated during composting of agricultural wastes. The dynamic changes of HS, fulvic acid (FA), humic acid (HA) and the humification index (HI) were monitored during a 60-day composting. The results showed that the formation of FA was not obviously influenced, while HA formation was improved by the inoculum of Pc. During the composting process, HI increased from 0.28, 0.29 to 2.23 and 3.17 in the control and the treatment, respectively. This result indicated that Pc could significantly enhance the degree of HS aromatization (P<0.05). This research helps to know the contribution of Pc to the formation of HS during composting and provide some useful information for the development of efficient methods to increase the content of HS in the composting.
Effects of Sewage Sludge Compost on the Physicochemical Properties of the Aeolian Sandy Soil
Authors: Wang Jie , Tang Feng De , Yi Yan Li
Published: June 2014

The aim of this study was to assess the effects of the addition of sewage sludge compost (SSC) on the properties of aeolian sandy soil by measuring electric conductivity (EC),pH value,bulk density,field capacity,total N(TN),total P(TP),organic matter (OM),available N,available P and available K.Seven treatments were included in this experiment,the SSC was applied at rates of 0,2,5,10,15,20,25 kg·m-1.The results showed that the physichemical properties changed greatly with the addition of SSC to the soil. As for physical properties of the soil, bulk density decreased gradually, the field capacity increased significantly compared with CK,As for chemical properties, pH changed inapparently, the concentration of OM and other nutrients were positive correlated with SSC dosages. It was concluded that the addition of SSC could enhance the soil’s fertility and improve the soil’s physical structure,it was an effective disposition way for sewage sludge to be used as the organic fertilizer in soil.