bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mechanisms of action of the antidiabetic peptide [S4K]CPF-AM1 in db/db mice
Authors: Musale Vishal , Moffett R Charlotte , Owolabi Bosede , Conlon J Michael , Flatt Peter R , Abdel-Wahab Yasser H A
Published: November 2020

The antidiabetic effects and mechanisms of action of an analogue of a frog skin host-defence peptide belonging to the caerulein-precursor fragment family, [S4K]CPF-AM1 were investigated in db/db mice with a genetically inherited form of degenerative diabetes-obesity. Twice-daily treatment with the peptide (75 nmol/kg body weight) for 28 days significantly decreased blood glucose (P < 0.01) and HbA1c (P < 0.05) and increased plasma insulin (P < 0.05) concentrations with no effect on body weight, energy intake, body composition or plasma lipid profile. Peptide administration improved insulin sensitivity and intraperitoneal glucose tolerance. Elevated biomarkers of liver and kidney function associated with the db/db phenotype were significantly lowered by [S4K]CPF-AM1 administration. Peptide treatment significantly (P < 0.05) increased pancreatic insulin content and improved the responses of isolated islets to established secretagogues. Elevated expression of genes associated with insulin signalling (Slc2a4, Insr, Irs1, Akt1, Pik3ca, Ppm1b) in the skeletal muscle of db/db mice were significantly downregulated by peptide treatment. Genes associated with insulin secretion (Abcc8, Kcnj11, Slc2a2, Cacn1c, Glp1r, Gipr) were significantly upregulated by treatment with [S4K]CPF-AM1. Studies with BRIN-BD1I clonal β-cells demonstrated that the peptide evoked membrane depolarisation, increased intracellular Ca2+ and cAMP and activated the protein kinase C pathway. The data indicate that the antidiabetic properties of [S4K]CPF-AM1 mice are mediated by direct insulinotropic action and by regulation of transcription of genes involved in both the secretion and action of insulin.
Utility of the endoscopic capsule in the study of the patient with severe anemia due to probable gastrointestinal bleeding of occult origin
Authors: Rodríguez-Moncada R. , López-Díaz J. A. , Gómez-Delgado E. , Vázquez-Morón J. M.
Published: November 2020

Among complementary tests requested for the unknown-origin iron deficiency patient, gastroscopy and colonoscopy are frequent. However, it is important to assess the need to perform other studies if an etiological diagnosis is not reached, among which the endoscopic capsule stands out. In this case report the endoscopic capsule was essential to establish the jejunal adenocarcinoma diagnosis in an early stage of the disease, allowing the patient to undergo a curative surgical treatment without necessity of other therapies.
Great Perm Governance in the Late 16th – Early 17th Century: From Administrators to Voivodes
Authors: Rybalko Natalia
Published: November 2020

Introduction. Great Perm (Perm Velikaya) in the late 16th – early 17th centuries included Cherdyn, Solikamsk and Kaigorod districts. It was an important strategic region. Taxes from this region entered the royal treasury almost regularly, while the central part of the state was devastated by military operations during the Time of Troubles. The region provided communication with Siberia, its annexation and development. Historiography is dominated by the opinion that the institution of voivodeship was introduced in Great Perm in the late 16th century.

Methods and materials. The research is based on the documents of the archive of the Solikamsk district court, which currently constitute the collection of the fund No. 122 “Acts of Solikamsk” of the Archive of the St. Petersburg Institute of History of the Russian Academy of Sciences for the period from 1605 to 1613. The documentary complex was previously reconstructed using the principle of mutual correspondence of documents. The prosopography method was applied to study the biographies of clerks.

Analysis. The article analyzes the argumentation of researchers on the problem when the institute of voivodeship was introduced in Great Perm. The fundamental documents of the late 16th century have been revealed. It is proved that they do not contain information about the voivodeship form of government. The list of administrators and clerks of the late 16th century – early 17th century has been restored. The beginning and end of their service are indicated.

Results. There was no voivodeship position in Great Perm until 1609. An administrator and a clerk were appointed to the clerk hut from Moscow. The change of administration took place on average every 2 years. The institute of voivodeship was introduced in Great Perm in 1610. The first voivode of Great Perm was Ivan Ivanovich Chemodanov. The administrators who replaced him also served as voivodes. The control system in Great Perm was strengthened by 1613.
Naître aujourd’hui à La Réunion. Contraintes, paradoxes et effets de la globalisation
Authors: Pourchez Laurence
Published: November 2020

Cet article s’appuie sur diverses enquêtes qualitatives de terrain menées de 1994 à 2015 à La Réunion par entretiens semi-directifs, études de cas et observations sur la question de la santé reproductive. Il présente également quelques données issues des premiers résultats d’une enquête, consacrée aux représentations associées à la naissance et à la famille dans la société réunionnaise. Au total, sur 20 ans, plusieurs centaines de femmes ont été concernées par les enquêtes. M’appuyant sur le récit de l’évolution des pratiques tant familiales qu’hospitalières associées à la naissance, mon objectif est ici de poser la question des effets consécutifs à la globalisation des usages.
De la grossesse à l’accouchement. Hier et aujourd’hui à Madagascar (chez les Tanalas)
Authors: Ravololomanga Bodo
Published: November 2020

Si notre choix se porte sur le groupe tanala (littéralement ceux de la forêt) de Madagascar, c’est que nous avons fait une recherche dans cette région il y a une trentaine d’années (Ravololomanga, 1991, 1992, 1995). Ce qui nous permet également de parler de la situation d’hier et d’aujourd’hui. Il a fallu ainsi réactualiser les données et faire une étude comparative relative sur ce sujet, tant au point de vue anthropologique, médicale qu’obstétricale, dans la mesure du possible. Qu’est-ce qui a changé et qu’est-ce qui est maintenu concernant le sujet ? Y a-t-il une amélioration ou une régression ?
Naître à la vie, naître à la faim
Authors: Thirion Marie
Published: November 2020

Il est des phrases prononcées de façon absolument uniformes sur la planète, des mots qui résonnent au dessus des berceaux, envahissent les jeunes mères, tournent en boucle au moindre pleur d’un nouveau né ou d’un nourrisson. Les plus forts de tous, depuis toujours, se déclinent certainement en « il a faim », a-t-il faim ? A-t-il encore faim ?Pourquoi pleure-t-il alors qu’il a mangé ? Il a des coliques, et bien sur, pour les bébés nourris au sein, les inévitables : ton lait n’est pas nourrissant, tu n’as pas assez de lait, ce n’est que de l’eau de mère… Dans l’imaginaire collectif, tout mouvement d’inconfort d’un tout petit est relié au tube digestif, avant tout à la faim. Or dans notre imaginaire (si rarement dans le réel), qu’est ce que la faim ? Une sensation désagréable de manque devenant très vite synonyme de danger. Dans les jours, les semaines, qui suivent la naissance, ces questionnements prennent une tonalité encore plus angoissante. Les bouleversements de l’accouchement, l’évidente fragilité du nouveau-né, l’incohérence des réponses familiales et de tout l’environnement, l’ambivalence des jeunes mamans entre le bonheur et la panique lèvent à chaque pleur des interrogations anxieuses. Dans un tel contexte comment reconnaître les signaux de faim, et même savoir s’ils existent. Comment reconnaitre qu’il a assez mangé. Comment ne pas trop donner, comment ne pas laisser pleurer ou au contraire faut-il le laisser pleurer, quels intervalles de digestion faut-il respecter, quel nombre maximum de tétés par jour… ?
Strength of Knowledge, Precarity of Conditions
Authors: Le Marec Joëlle
Published: November 2020

Constantly bearing in mind the connection between knowledge and precarity has numerous consequences, in particular on the sociabilities of knowledge that are structured on the basis of a constant awareness of a double series of divergences that it is impossible to “deal with” theoretically: on the one hand, the divergences between the dramatically different conditions in which some people and others are enquiring, writing, studying, and on the other the gaps between different epistemologies and different kind of knowledge.The proposition of the collective, which is at once theoretical and political, consists precisely in not making any claims to cover up these divergences, in above all not rushing into recreating zones of invisibility or wide perspectives, but instead in trying to find a way to reclaim, to reappropriate other ways of exercising our responsibilities in a context of a necessary and very profound transformation of the way in which we imagine a more liveable world, which would be less violent for so many of us, more egalitarian, more just, more open.
Reading inquiry through the prism of unemployement
Authors: Heuguet Guillaume
Published: November 2020

This exploratory text starts from a doctoral-unemployed experience and was triggered by the discussions within a collective of doctoral students on this particularly ambiguous status since it is situated between student, unemployed, worker, self-entrepreneur, citizen-subject of social rights or user-commuter in offices and forms. These discussions motivated the reading and commentary of a heterogeneous set of texts on unemployment, precariousness and the functioning of the institutions of the social state. This article thus focuses on the relationship between knowledge and unemployment, as embodied in the public space, in the relationship with Pôle Emploi, and in the academic literature. It articulates a threefold problematic : what is known and said publicly about unemployment? What can we learn from the very experience of the relationship with an institution like Pôle Emploi? How can these observations contribute to an understanding of social science inquiry and the political role of knowledge fromm precariousness?
Adaptação do modelo resposta-à-intervenção para identificação de alunos com necessidades educativas especiais em escolas regulares
Authors: Tomo Cristina Daniel , Sitoe Arlindo Alberto
Published: November 2020

Este artigo apresenta resultados parciais de um estudo longitudinal, ainda em curso, cujo propósito é desenhar, avaliar e validar um instrumento para a identificação e atendimento de alunos com Necessidades Educativas Especiais em Escolas Regulares do Ensino Primário em Moçambique, adaptado do modelo Resposta-à-Intervenção. De natureza qualitativa, o estudo teve como referencial teórico-metodológico a Pesquisa-acção com abordagem técnica de consultoria colaborativa, que usou como instrumentos acções de indução, grupos focais e entrevistas. Participaram um director de escola, um director adjunto pedagógico e onze professores que leccionavam a 2ª classe, numa escola regular do ensino primário localizada na periferia da cidade capital de Moçambique. Os resultados sugeriram um modelo constituído por três níveis de intervenção. O primeiro nível, o de Intervenção Estrutural, é concernente a decisões que devem ser tomadas com relação a: (i) Reorganização da escola, visando dotá-la de condições que permitam o processo de identificação de alunos com Necessidades Educativas Especiais na própria sala de aula regular; (ii) Criação de ambiente de colaboração com os pais e encarregados de educação e, (iii) Identificação de recursos fora da escola. O segundo nível é o da Intervenção de Triagem de todos os alunos em sala de aula e monitorização das respostas daqueles em situação de necessidades. O último nível concerne a Intervenção Grupal, que consiste no atendimento das necessidades educativas dos alunos identificados. Os participantes consideraram o modelo prático, acessível e viável no contexto de Moçambique.
HASAN ALİ TOPTAŞ’IN SONSUZLUĞA NOKTA ROMANINDA BEDRAN’IN YALNIZLIKLA BÜTÜNLEŞMİŞ DÜNYASI
Authors: CİVALIOĞLU SEVİNDİK Berna , ÇELİK Yakup
Published: November 2020

Sonsuzluğa Nokta Hasan Ali Toptaş’ın ilk romanıdır. Bu romanda babasının gölgesinde yaşamaktan usanıp doğup büyüdüğü kasabayı terk ederek kente giden Bedran’ın yalnızlıkla iç içe geçmiş dünyası anlatılır. Bedran’ın babası çocuklarına göstermediği ilgi ve sevgiyi satın alıp durduğu arabalara gösteren bir şofördür. Kurtarıcı araçlar bürosunda şoförlük yapmaya başlayan Bedran giderek babasına dönüştüğünü fark eder ve buna bir son vermek ister. Kaza mı intihar teşebbüsü mü olduğu son derece şüpheli olan bu gelişmeden sonra Bedran felç olur ve yatağa bağlı yaşamak zorunda kalır. Eserde olay örgüsü, birbiriyle bağlantılı iki çizgi üzerinden ilerler. Bedran’ın hayatını ikiye ayıran önemli hadise, geçirdiği trafik kazasıdır. İlk olay dizisinde Bedran’ın yaşamının kazaya kadar olan kısmı, ikinci olay dizisinde ise kazadan sonrası anlatılır. Bedran yatağa bağlı yaşadığı sürede temel ihtiyaçlarını bile gideremeyecek hâle gelmiştir. Zamanla bu durum karısıyla olan ilişkisini sarsmış, karısının Bedran’a duyduğu sevgi azalmış ve o içindeki boşluğu farklı şekillerde doldurmaya başlamıştır. Bedran babasının gölgesinde yaşamaktan kaçmış ancak karısının gölgesinde yaşamaya mahkûm olmuştur. Yaşanan trafik kazasının ne olduğu şüpheliyken eserin sonunda Bedran’ın elinde silahla kalması onun -yeniden- intihara teşebbüs ettiğini belki de öldüğünü düşündürür. İçinde bulunduğu dönem itibariyle siyasi huzursuzlukların ve kutuplaşmanın zirve yaptığı bir ortamda Bedran yalnızca kendi varoluşuna yönelmiştir. Romanda, Bedran’ın birey olarak yaşadığı huzursuzluk, kendini ifade edememesi ve zirveye ulaşmış iç gerilimi işlenmektedir.
Strategic Regulatory Instruments in Environmental Law of Russia
Authors: Krasnova Irina O. , Vlasenko Valery N.
Published: November 2020

At the moment, there are new types of legal acts emerging in environmental law of Russia. Despite the vague legal nature of the strategic documents, they are gaining relevance in regulating environmental relationship though the regulation by strategic documents has become an uncontrolled and unpredictable process. This article reviews strategic and political documents addressing protection of the environment, environmental security and nature use. It points out the necessity to find their place within the system of environment-related legal acts to build a clear hierarchy in the system, to raise the efficiency of laws and to create a functional enforcement mechanism. The authors suggest two options: to adopt a separate legislative act on the national environmental policy or to introduce a separate chapter into the Federal Law “On Environmental Protection”, or alternatively, to carry out codification of the adopted strategic instruments
Multivariance of the State Structure of Federalism (Comparative Historical and State Studies)
Authors: Gulyakov Aleksandr D.
Published: November 2020

The article justifies the need for a historical-state study approach by analyzing the models of federalism inherent in different countries. The structural elements of any model include the prerequisites and reasons that contributed to federalization, essential characteristics of federalism (including the genesis characteristics, historical typology, development vector), the main stages of the federalism development. Using the systemic and comparative methods, as well as the example of three first settlement models inherent in the USA, Canada, Australia, one European (German) and Russian models, the author shows and explains the features of federalism in these countries. In particular, there are more favorable conditions for the formation of federations in the first settlement societies and the well-known difficulties of their establishment in Europe (on the example of Germany). The article demonstrates the ideologically innovative nature of Soviet federalism and the rational construction of Russian (post-Soviet) federalism, which has not abandoned a high degree of centralization. The materials presented in the article allow not only to outline new features of the state structure of federalism, but also contribute to the development of the concept for reforming federative relationships
Genesis of the Norm on Criminal Liability for Hostage Taking in Domestic Law
Authors: Serebrennikova Anna V. , Lebedev Maksim V.
Published: November 2020

The widespread prevalence of terrorist crimes, as well as the problems of qualifying hostage taking and demarcation from related crimes, are currently relevant for scientific research. The theoretical and practical aspects contained in the norm on criminal liability for hostage taking have had a long and ambiguous history; they require studying the genesis of the norm on hostage taking and the practice of its application. The work contains only significant records of domestic jurisprudence, containing norms on criminal liability for hostage taking from origins up to the present. Methodology: deduction, induction, methods of synthesis, analysis, historical and formal logical research. Conclusions: 1. The history of the application of the norm on criminal liability for hostage taking is fraught with qualification problems at all stages. These problems are ambiguous and are expressed by the fact that the legislator, under the influence of external and internal factors, makes mistakes in the systematization and codification of the criminal law, often losing the line between the norm and related crimes. As for external factors, in our understanding they are also the norms of international law on hostage taking, which, influencing the national law of the USSR, went through the stages of their development, creating norms by trial and error. For example, the rule did not apply if the taking occurred within the same state and the hostage and the perpetrators were its citizens. 2. The analysis of official statistics starting from the single crimes of the Soviet period, the post-perestroika mass crime boom of the 90s of the last century caused by the political crisis, ending with the statistical recession and the relatively well-coordinated work of state structures of the 2000s allows us to conclude that there are calculus flaws. 3. The introduction of the category of public safety has led to a significant decrease in statistical indicators, due to qualifications through related crimes. In this regard, according to lawyers, the reduction in hostage taking has a technical or static character. This led to a proportional increase in qualifications in related crimes. Scientific and practical significance: The study presented in the article gives an ontological idea of the development of the norm, reveals the technique of law making in the design of the norm on hostage taking. The conducted research is based on the materials of judicial practice in specific criminal cases, which may be of interest to researchers of this norm. These examples show the presence of law enforcement errors in the qualification of terroristic crimes, which can be perceived by practitioners as educational material. The article can serve as a source of scientific information for students of law schools, graduate students and applicants, as well as for researchers involved in the study of the national criminal law of the Russian Federation
A LEITURA NO COTIDIANO DE FUTUROS PROFESSORES: CONTRIBUIÇÕES DOS DIÁRIOS DE FORMAÇÃO
Authors: Araújo Regiane Rodrigues , Nascimento Francisco Jeovane do , Lima Maria Socorro Lucena , Holanda Patricia Helena Carvalho
Published: November 2020

A leitura como instrumento de compreensão da formação do futuro professor tem sido preocupação da pesquisa intitulada Formação de Professores: a leitura na aprendizagem da profissão, da qual a presente investigação faz parte, considerando a importância da leitura nos processos reflexivos e na compreensão do trabalho docente. O objetivo foi refletir sobre os registros de memórias de leitura que compuseram os Diários de Formação de estudantes do curso de Pedagogia de uma universidade pública do interior cearense. Utilizamos a abordagem qualitativa, empregando a técnica do grupo focal. Os dados coletados foram submetidos a análise de conteúdo. Concluímos que o acesso à leitura pela família ou pela escola não se dá apenas de forma mecânica, mas em torno da dimensão de amorosidade e de sensibilidade. Na percepção do mundo pueril dos estudantes há também recordações lúdicas de contação de histórias e letramento, onde foi percebido que na maioria das vezes, a formação do professor-leitor está enraizada na sua história de vida, por isso, é necessário fazer uma relação positiva entre o escrito e o vivido, para que assim, possa haver uma fruição da leitura de mundo na formação docente.
Representações sociais sobre sexualidade entre adolescentes no contexto amazônico
Authors: Carla Santos de Vasconcelos Chaves Alessandra , Hasegawa Farias Samantha , Miranda Farias Gesiany , Augusto Pinho de Vasconcelos Chaves Túlio , Da Silva Rosa Anderson , Vieira da Silva Ohara Conceição
Published: November 2020

RESUMO Objetivo: Identificar uma estrutura das representações sociais sobre sexualidade entre adolescentes no contexto Amazônico. Método: Estudo descritivo, abordagem qualitativa, tendo como base a Teoria do Núcleo Central de Representações Sociais, desenvolvida com 101 jovens de uma escola pública de Belém do Pará nos meses de setembro e outubro de 2018. Os dados foram coletados por meio de evocações livres ao termo indutor “sexualidade” e analisados pelo software openEvoc 0.84. Resultados: O núcleo central foi integrado pelos elementos “gravidez e doenças”. O sistema periférico constituído em maior frequência por: “sexo e transar”, na primeira periferia; “Camisinha e prazer”, na segunda periferia; “Esperma e pênis, na zona de contraste. Discussão: Para os adolescentes, os principais elementos são “sexo”, “transar” e “orgasmo”. Nenhum núcleo representativo de adolescentes como palavras evocadas mais rapidamente foram “gravidez”, “doenças” e “primeira vez”. Conclusão: Cabe aos enfermeiros pensar em estratégias de educação em saúde junto aos jovens.
On the location of the motor centers of the cerebral cortex in a person according to the results of irritation by their faradic current during cerebral operations
Authors: Bekhterev V. M.
Published: November 2020

The question of the location of the motor centers of the cerebral cortex in a human until late time can be clarified only on the basis of the observation with the destruction of certain parts of the motor areas and those cases in which the pathological nest served as a source of irritation and led to local seizures. Valuable as these observations are, they did not often make it possible to find out with such strict accuracy the position and boundaries of the motor centers of the cortex in humans, as they make it possible to perform experiments on animals. Only in a later time, along with the development of brain surgery, during the production of Horsley's operations in cases of epilepsy, did it become possible to study the motor centers of the human cerebral cortex with the help of an electric current, that is, in the same way as we do it animals.
Galvanometric determination of cerebral cortex currents in the area of tone centers in case of irritation of peripheral auditory organs
Authors: Larionov V. E.
Published: November 2020

At the suggestion of the highly respected prof. VM Bekhterev, I began studying the currents in the cerebral cortex in dogs under the influence of peripheral irritations of the auditory organs with tuning fork currents. Even last year, I performed several experiments in this direction with a Wiedemann-d'Arsonval galvanometer in the physical office of the Military Medical Academy of the much-respected prof. N. G. Egorov with the kind assistance of his assistant N. N. Georgievsky, as well as in the physiological office of prof. Pavlova under the leadership of V.I. Vartanov.
Сh. Vallon et Ar. Marie. Les alienes en Russie 1899
Authors: Vorotynskiy B.
Published: November 2020

Recently in Paris, a new book appeared on sale under the written title, compiled by two French psychiatrists. One of the authors (Ch Vallon) is the senior physician of the hospital for the mentally ill near Paris (Asile d'alienes de Villejnif), and the other (Ar. Marie) is the physician-director de la colonie familiale de Dun-sur-Aaron (Cher). Both authors were official delegates to the international congress of doctors in Moscow in 1897 and took this opportunity to inspect all the main psychiatric institutions in Russia, moreover, this task was also included in the program of their business trip. This book thus represents a kind of report on their business trip, and this report concerns only the results of the examination of psychiatric hospitals and clinics.
G. Marinesco. Studies on the evolution and involution of the nerve cell. (Neurological review 1899, № 20)
Authors: Kovalevsky B.
Published: November 2020

The author's goal is to study both the development and senile involution of the nervous cell. The object of the study was the nervous system of people of different ages (from 5-month-old embryos to 100-year-old old people). When studying, the author used, according to him, the latest methods.
Chronicle and mix
Authors: Nikolaev V. V.
Published: November 2020

- Laehr, the author of "Die Heil und Pflegeanstalten fr psychische Kranke des Deutschen Sprachgebietes", intending over time to present a multivolume edition of complete information about private, state and zemstvo institutions for mentally ill all cultural peoples, I. Rothe with a request to take the trouble to deliver information on the history of psychiatry in Russia.
Incorporación, uso y apropiación social de las TIC para una educación de calidad. Una propuesta
Authors: Orozco-García María Estefanía , Vásquez-Rizo Fredy Eduardo , Gabalán-Coello Jesús
Published: November 2020

El Gobierno colombiano ha implementado la estrategia Plan Vive Digital como forma de articular las poblaciones rurales al desarrollo tecnológico. Se presenta el análisis de dicha política en el municipio de El Tambo, Cauca, Colombia, con la intención de determinar su efectividad desde la comprensión del uso y apropiación de la tecnología, localizada en una institución educativa oficial. Desde un enfoque multimétodo, de carácter mixto, se trabajan tres fases: caracterización contextual, análisis de usos y prácticas de apropiación tecnológica y planteamiento de estrategia de mejora. Así, se logra establecer que la infraestructura empleada no es adecuada, que el capital humano no está conforme con la efectividad de los procesos tecnológicos y que el proceso de inclusión digital no es efectivo, lo que lleva a proponer una estrategia formativa-tecnológica para promover una mayor inserción, desde la alfabetización digital y la reducción de la brecha social. Todo esto para concluir que es plausible la intención estatal, pero no es suficiente, ya que se implanta la estrategia, pero se desconocen factores relevantes que inciden en su correcto desarrollo, situación que perpetúa la inequidad.
THEORETICAL ANALYSIS OF THE STRUCTURE OF CHIRAL JASMONIC ACID
Authors: KUŞ Nihal
Published: November 2020

Jasmonic acid, also known as jasmonates, (JA), a molecule formed by the oxygenation of fatty acids, is an organic compound and is found in many plants, especially jasmine. The conformation of this compound is found according to the location in the chiral centers. In this study, the molecular structure of JA (labeled C-4 and C-5 in this study) which has two chiral centers was investigated by DFT and TD-DFT methods. These structures have been found to have RR, RS and SS configurations relative to their chiral centers. Each configuration has cis and trans conformations depending on the orientation of the chain groups attached to the five atom ring. The minimum energies of each conformation were calculated with DFT/B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) method and the structures of their stable form were drawn. JA_RR_trans conformer was found most stable than the other conformers. Excited state energies were calculated using TD-DFT calculations and also HOMO-LUMO energy gaps were found for all chiral conformers.
MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF MANUFACTURING DEFECTS IN THE SURFACE LAYER OF SUBSTRATES OF MOEMS’ FUNCTIONAL COMPONENTS
Authors: NEVLIUDOV İgor , OMAROV Murad , CHALA Olena
Published: November 2020

A mathematical model of the development of manufacturing defects, with the prediction of the random component of the model in the substrates of functional components of MOEMS, which are made of semiconductors, in particular, silicon, are developed in the article.

The main manufacturing defects that arise in the surface layer of the substrates of the MOEMS functional components taking into account the technological processes of their production and dynamic processes were used when developing the model.

The developed mathematical model takes into account the occurrence of a random component of the model with its predictive ability.

The possibility of such control is the basis for the development of the scientific direction of technology and equipment for the production of semiconductors, materials and electronic devices - defect engineering, based on the management and forecasting of defect formation processes.
THE DARK MATTER AND ENERGY IN THE DE SITTER WORLD
Authors: RAJABOV Bala Ali
Published: November 2020

It is shown that dark matter and energy are cosmological quantum effects. De Sitter world is considered as a cosmological model. It is shown that in the de Sitter world, gravity and anti-gravity are different states of the Wigner elementary quantum system. It has been proven that in the Minkowski world, which is the limiting case of the de Sitter world, antigravity can be excluded. Moreover, it is shown that the Wigner - Inönü limit of the de Sitter model to the Minkowski world plays the role of Bohr's correspondence principle in quantum mechanics. A plan for further research is proposed.
ADSORPTION BEHAVIOUR OF IONIC AND NON-IONIC SURFACTANTS ONTO TALC A NATURALLY HYDROPHOBIC MINERAL-A COMPARATIVE STUDY
Authors: DİKMEN Sedef , ERSOY Bahri , DİKMEN Zafer
Published: November 2020

In present study, the adsorption behaviour of surfactants which are cationic (hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide, HTAB), anionic (sodium dodecyl sulphate, SDS) and non-ionic (Triton X-100, TX-100) onto naturally hydrophobic talc were investigated. In this scope, a series of batch adsorption tests at natural pH were performed to determine adsorption isotherms and zeta potential (ZP) measurements of the ionic and non-ionic surfactants onto talc surfaces were measured using electrophoresis technique. To understand the mechanism of the adsorption process, the adsorption of ionic and non-ionic surfactants was studied as a function equilibrium concentration (mol/L). The amount of maximum adsorption of the surfactants onto talc are ordered as in the following: TX-100 (9.0x10-5 mol/m2)>HTAB (8.5x10-5 mol/m2) > SDS (5.32x10-5 mol/m2). Even though both the SDS and talc have negative surface charge, SDS can adsorb onto talc. Moreover, a good correlation was seen between the adsorption isotherms and the zeta potential curves. Considering their adsorption isotherms, the ionic surfactants were showed different adsorption behaviour concerning the non-ionic surfactant molecules. The adsorption isotherms of TX-100 and SDS increase rapidly in a narrow concentration range until the plateau region, while such a sharp increase does not appear for HTAB. The maximum adsorption amount of TX-100 and HTAB is greater than SDS. The results indicate that hydrophobic interaction and hydrogen bonding play a decisive role on the adsorption of non-ionic and anionic surfactants onto talc a naturally hydrophobic mineral, whereas electrostatic interaction becomes more important in the adsorption of cationic surfactant.
A questionnaire based comparative study on dry lab versus wet lab among second year medical undergraduates in a tertiary care hospital of Bihar
Authors: Kumar Mukesh , . Soni , Singh Dheeraj Kumar , Kumar Sunil , Kumar Subodh
Published: November 2020

Background: Objective of the study was to identify whether there is any benefit of integrating dry lab/computer assisted lab (CAL) tool with conventional teaching/wet lab in experimental part of pharmacology.Methods: A questionnaire based study was conducted among 158 second year medical undergraduates in the department of pharmacology. The questionnaire was distributed among students with proper prior instructions in practical class. Students willing to participate in the study were included.Results: Total 94.9% were in the favour of replacing conventional teaching with CAL lab learning, 74.7% felt conventional lab to be more complex, 92.4% has the opinion of CAL lab result has less error along with that majority student felt it to be less time consuming, need lesser assistance and enhance learning. 67% student also felt real experimentation can’t be learned by CAL tool and 83.5% have their thought that CAL lab can never help them in exercising real experiment.Conclusions: Although there is no substitution of conventional teaching methods, in this new era of information and technology CAL lab can be the saviour to students in making better understanding and enhancing the performance without help of experimental animals.
The pattern of reported adverse drug reactions with reference to specific drug class and organ system
Authors: Jillapegu Margaret Viola , Srinivasulu Dhishan Sai Kumboju , Sarikonda Umamaheswara Raju , Ponnaluri Raghunatha Rao , Tiruveedhula Jahnavi
Published: November 2020

Background: Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) represent a major public health problem. The overall ADR rate is estimated to be 6.5 and 28% of these are preventable.ADR incidence in Indian population ranges between 1.8-25% with 8% resulting in hospitalization. Hence, the present study was undertaken to study the pattern of reported adverse drug reactions with reference to specific drug class and organ system in a tertiary care hospital.Methods: A cross-sectional retrospective study was carried to analyse the ADRs reported over a period of one year (January-December 2019). Individual case safety reports (ICSRs) of all patients of suspected adverse drug reactions seen in various out-patient departments and admitted in the wards of the hospital were included in the study. The ICSRs were analysed for patient demography, causality, severity and with reference to specific drug class and organ system.Results: Among 382 reported ADRs, 27.2% of the ADRs were reported as serious. The most common therapeutic class of drugs causing ADRs where Antimicrobial agents (36.07%). The skin is the most common affected organ system (25.39%).Conclusions: A coordinated system of identifying the ADRs early in the course of treatment and recognizing the preventable ADRs is required by the health care system. The coordination of prescribing physicians and pharmacovigilance personnel can produce better trend of reporting the ADRs.
Suppression of inflammatory mediators by aqueous leaf extract of Crotalaria verrucosa: in vivo and in vitro analysis
Authors: Billah Mohammad Mustakim , Huzaifa Abir , Khan M. Abdul Kader , Vabna Nusrat Jahan , Nawrin Kashfia , Rayhan M. Abu
Published: November 2020

Background: Crotalaria verrucosa is a traditional plant frequently prescribed by the tribes for its medicinal value against inflammation. The present study was designed to investigate the scientific basis for medicinal value in inflammation by in vivo and in vitro analysis.Methods: Anti-inflammatory activity of the plant’s leaf was evaluated by two in vivo methods - carrageenan induced rat paw edema and xylene induced mice ear edema. Moreover, in vitro analysis was performed through heat induced hemolysis and heat induced protein denaturation methods.Results: The inflammation produced by carrageenan and xylene were effectively suppressed by the aqueous leaf extract of C. verrucosa (CVAQ) at 600 mg/kg body weight which was comparable to the standards. In heat induced hemolysis test the extract was able to inhibit the lysis up to 70% at 500 µg/ml whereas in heat induced protein denaturation test it reduces the percentage till 69% at the same concentration.Conclusions: The findings suggested that CVAQ possess moderate to high anti-inflammatory activity when applied in low to high concentrated doses. However, the study can only conclude from this basic evaluation that the extract needs to be further investigated for identifying the potential compound which contributed to such medicinal value of the plant.
DRESS syndrome due to clobazam: a case report
Authors: Qureshi M. Faraz , Dattatari A. N.
Published: November 2020

Drug rash (or reaction) with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) is a potentially life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction to drugs characterized by rash, fever, lymphadenopathy, hematologic abnormalities, and involvement of internal organs. Initially coined in 1996, the term is used to refer to an idiosyncratic reaction to several drugs, the most common of which are carbamazepine, allopurinol, sulfasalazine, and phenobarbital. We report the case of DRESS related to clobazam in a 38-year-old female with a history of a complex seizure disorder.
Reduction of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria collaboration in diabetic ulcers by giving virgin coconut oil
Authors: Nur Siti Aisyah , Anggraini Siska Sakti , Dafriani Putri , Morika Honesty Diana
Published: November 2020

Background: Diabetic ulcers often result in amputations. The bacteria found in diabetic ulcers are Enterobacter sp, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella sp and Pseudomonas sp. Nursing management of ulcer patients has been attempted but nothing has been effective yet. Using virgin coconut oil (VCO) contains anti-inflammatory, antipyretic and has an analgesic effect to increase the formation of new blood vessels with faster wound healing. Aim was to study the effect of wound care by giving VCO on the colonization of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria in diabetic ulcers.Methods: Quasi-experimental research with the two-group pre-test and post-test design approach involved 36 diabetic ulcer patients with consecutive sampling by doing wound care for 4 days. The duration of treatment was 30-40 minutes. Data was taken by swab on wound fluid before and after the intervention. Bivariate analysis carried out t-independent test of DM ulcers.Results: The results showed the average number of colony staphylococcus in the intervention group before being given wound care with VCO 72.88, while after being treated with 38.88 wound VCO and the average results of the number of colony staphylococcus in the control group before being treated with NaCl 77.88, whereas after being treated with VCO 38.88 wound with NaCl 72.88 in the statistical test the p value is 0,000.Conclusions: There was a significant influence between the number of colony Staphylococcus in the control group and the intervention group.
A study on the iodised salt use pattern amongst the slum dwellers in Kolkata
Authors: Kundu Sourav , Mandal Tamasi , Sau Arkaprabha , Bhakta Ishita , Chatterjee Arindam
Published: November 2020

Background: Iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) are most important causes of preventable brain damage all over the world. Iodization of salt is used as a weapon to prevent IDD through national iodine deficiency disorders control programme and food safety and standards act, 2006 and regulations, 2011. Climatic condition, knowledge about storage and culinary practices pose a problem in maintaining adequate iodine level in salt at the consumer level.Methods: An observational, cross-sectional, descriptive study was carried out in the slum of Baghbazar under the service area of urban health and training centre, R.G. Kar medical college and hospital, Kolkata from 18 April to 30 April 2018. Households were chosen using simple random sampling and one adult representative from each household was interviewed with pre-designed pre-tested schedule.Results: 100% of the households were found to use iodised salt. 19.2% were aware that they were using iodised form of salt. 96.2% people keep the salt in covered container but only 7.7% of them knew that if kept uncovered iodine vaporises from salt. Moreover 40.4% of the respondents were found to keep salt open close to the oven during cooking with 86.5% of them not believing that this practice can have effect on the quality of the salt.Conclusions: Awareness regarding the effect of iodised salt on health, proper storage and use pattern should be initiated for desired sustainable change in practice and strict enforcement of law for curbing sale of non-iodised salt must be implemented so that IDD cease to be a serious public health problem.
Effects of the salivary flow rate, pH, viscosity and buffering capacity on dental caries experience in government school children in Bangalore city
Authors: B. Annapoorna H. , Datta Dipayan
Published: November 2020

Background: The present study was undertaken to evaluate effect of the salivary flow rate, pH, viscosity and buffering capacity on caries experience in government school children.Methods: This case-control study was conducted amongst the Government school children of Bangalore city aged 6-14 years. A total of 180 school children were selected out of what 90 were selected for the test group based on the presence of one or more active dental caries and another 90 were selected for the control group who were free of dental caries at the time of examination. Saliva samples were collected from all subjects and were estimated for flow rate, pH, viscosity and buffering capacity.Results: Mean salivary flow rate, pH and buffer capacity have been found to be significantly lower and mean salivary viscosity has been found to be significantly higher among children with dental caries.Conclusions: The physical and biochemical properties of saliva, such as salivary flow rate, pH, buffering capacity and viscosity are significantly related with the caries experience in children.
Utilization of antenatal care services in rural population of north India: a cross sectional study
Authors: Pathak Pankaj Kumar , Chaudhary Neha , Mishra Shradha , Ayub Arshad
Published: November 2020

Background: Antenatal care (ANC) is an opportunity to encourage a positive pregnancy experience and improved maternal and child survival. Care in the antenatal period is also essential for supporting the long-term growth and development of the child. ANC visits are vital for providing counselling to mothers about the care they should take during pregnancy and in preparation for childbirth. The principal objective of the study was to evaluate the utilization of antenatal care services in rural population of North India.Methods: The present community based cross-sectional study was conducted among 200 mothers over a period of Eight months. A semi structured, pre-tested questionnaire was used for data collection, the statistical data was recorded and analysed using by the SPSS Software.Results: In present study all the pregnancies had ANC registration and 20.5% of them had ≥4 ANC visits. 91% of the mothers received Iron and Folic Acid supplementation while 95% of mothers immunized with adequate dose of Tetanus Toxoid. With regards to the type of delivery 87.5% were normal vaginal deliveries and 75.5% were occurred at health facility. The length of stay in the hospital was less than 2 days in 55% of deliveries and 52% of the mothers received cash assistance for institutional delivery by the government under Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) scheme.Conclusions: The present study showed low utilization of full antenatal care services and JSY Scheme among the mothers. There is need to educate and council the mother and their family by health personnel regarding significance of utilization of antenatal services.
Self-medication practices in a rural population in Tamil Nadu
Authors: Mariappan Veerakumar Arumugam , Ananthan Velmurugan Anbu
Published: November 2020

Background: Self-medication is one of the harmful practices of growing concern where health care facilities are out of reach in the rural population. So, this study was carried out to know about the prevalence of self-medication and the type of drugs commonly used and the reason for self-medication. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 150 subjects in Out-patient department of a rural primary health centre, Sirugambur during April and May 2016. A pretested semi-structured questionnaire was used after obtaining informed consent. It was analysed using SPSS trial version 20. Univariate analysis was done. P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Majority of the study population were in the age group of 18-30 years (38.6%), followed by 31-45 years (36.7%). The prevalence of self-medication use was 78.7% (n=118). Among those, 111 (74%) were getting medicines from medical shop directly. The common reasons for going to medical shop was easy accessibility (52.3%), immediate response (22.5%), and familiarity (18%). The most common source of drug information reported was pharmacist and friends (76.6%), followed by media (21%). The drugs commonly used were paracetamol (42%), antibiotics (32.1%) and antihistamines (16%).Conclusions: The prevalence of self-medication use was high in the study population. Self-medication is one of the components of self-care adopted by the WHO. The drug regulatory and health authorities have to increase awareness among the general public especially in rural areas on the pros and cons of responsible self-medications to eventually improve their attitudes towards the practices of self-medication.
Prevalence of visual impairment and associated vision related quality of life among older adults in an urbanized village in Delhi
Authors: . Praveena , Kumar Ashok , Barik Rashmi Ranjan , Tiwari Pradeep Kumar
Published: November 2020

Background: Vision impairment (VI) is a public health problem, of which the greatest burden is shared by older adults. This study was done to find out the prevalence of VI among older adults and its association with sociodemographic variables and vision related quality of life.Methods: This cross-sectional study was done in an urbanized village in east Delhi from May to December 2019. 224 participants were selected by house to house visit by simple random sampling. A pre-tested, semi-structured tool was used to collect information regarding socio-demography. Visual acuity was measured by Snellen’s chart. Vision-related quality of life was assessed using Indian Vision function questionnaire-33 (IND-VFQ-33) in all three domains.Results: About 20.1% of participants were found having VI. It was found more among those who were not working {age adjusted odds ratio (AOR)=22.3, 95% confidence interval (CI)=3.2-152.2}, and those who were past chewer (AOR=5.54, 95% CI=1.75-17.4). The mean total visual function score was found 108.40 (5.10) among visually impaired participants. The mean and median of these scores were found higher among participants with VI.Conclusions: One out of every 5 older adults are suffering from VI. It affects quality of life significantly. Early screening, counselling and timely referral along with accessible and affordable quality eye care service should be promoted.