bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aerodynamic Characterization of Darrieus Turbines during Self-Start at different Azimuthal Quadrants
Authors: Shaza Rae Selvarajoo  , Zulfaa Mohamed-Kassim  , Wei Shyang Chang
Published: January 2023

One key technology to extract kinetic energy from wind and water is the vertical-axis turbines. However, these flows and currents often fluctuate, forcing the turbine rotors to operate in transient modes. To improve rotor performance, the transient aerodynamic characteristics across the four quadrants of the rotor sweep must be well-understood. We address this need by simulating the transient process of a 3-bladed Darrieus turbine rotor during self-start using the dedicated turbine aerodynamics software QBlade. The simulated transient evolution of the rotor compares well against the experimental and computational-fluid-dynamics data from previous studies. When the rotor self-starts within its first three cycles, its torque is contributed differently from each of the four quadrants. Respectively, its windward and upwind quadrant positively contributes by up to 43% and 326% each to the overall torque, and the leeward and downwind quadrant negatively reduces by up to -346% and -85% each from the overall torque. However, upon reaching steady state, these roles change where the positive torques are contributed by the upwind and leeward quadrants by up to 120% and 10%, respectively, while the negative torques are caused by the downwind and windward quadrants by up to -18% and -13%, respectively. Insights into these rotor dynamics can be later used to propose newer rotor designs or operations to improve the transient performance of the turbine
Numerical Study on the Thermal Insulation of Smart Windows Embedded with Low Thermal Conductivity Materials to Improve the Energy Efficiency of Buildings
Authors: Nurul Mardhiyah Zakaria  , Mohamad Alif Omar  , Azfarizal Mukhtar
Published: January 2023

The building industry accounts for almost 40% of the world's energy consumption. To reduce the global heat transfer coefficient, sustainable buildings should use highly insulated enclosures. As the building envelope serves as a barrier between the exterior and interior of the building, integration of passive solar design principles in its construction, such as smart windows with low thermal conductivity materials are essential. Smart windows may assist to reduce energy consumption by minimizing heat gain by the building, which able reduce the cooling loads while maintaining the thermal comfort for the building users. This study features smart double-glazed windows filled with low thermal conductive materials which are argon and aerogel to improve window insulation in pursuit of energy efficiency improvement. A numerical model is developed in ANSYS Workbench to evaluate thermal insulation performance of argon-filled and aerogel-filled windows by measuring the indoor surface temperature of the building at three critical times of the day. Newton's Law of Cooling is used to compute the empirical value of the heat transfer across the window to compare and validate the numerical data. This study shows that argon-filled and aerogel-filled window able to reduce the heat transfer across the building up 21% and 59% respectively. Aerogel is proven to resist more heat transfer as compared to argon
Reducing Digital Discrimination and Stressors by Improving Broadband Adoption in Historically Redlined Areas
Authors: Diep Mckenzie
Published: January 2023

Broadband adoption is a determinant of health that intersects with other sociological determinants such as education and employment. Due to the rising reliance on digital technology, lack of broadband adoption prevents individuals from accessing the essential resources needed to fully participate in 21st century educational and employment opportunities. Vulnerable populations experience greater impacts of divestment, and therefore experience greater sociological stressors and worse health outcomes. These communities are left behind with slower services and more expensive internet service plans, as physical proximity to broadband does not necessarily predict broadband adoption. The benefits of broadband adoption and the harms of its absence are magnified for youth and other vulnerable groups, with youth relying more heavily on digital services. The author recommends that the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Task Force to Prevent Digital Discrimination increase broadband adoption for vulnerable communities by strengthening community-based partnerships to provide culturally competent resources and adopting equity-based national digital health standards that provide greater transparency of data and accountability for discriminatory deployment decisions.
Deploying Digital Detection of Dangerous DNA
Authors: Pálya Hanna , Delaney Oscar
Published: January 2023

Ready access to synthetic DNA has enabled vast progress in health and biotechnology in recent decades. However, it also makes it easier for malicious actors to develop biological weapons that threaten public health. Thus, it is crucial to regulate who can order synthetic DNA of pathogens from commercial providers. Some synthetic DNA providers screen customers and ordered sequences; however, there is no federal legislation addressing the responsibilities of these companies. Voluntary compliance with the screening Guidance issued by the US Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) is not sustainable, as it disadvantages companies who screen against those who do not. Here, we consider two policy solutions. Option 1 is to mandate minimum screening standards for all US-based synthetic DNA providers. This regulatory burden may weaken the US DNA synthesis sector, so we recommend Option 2, which requires government-funded researchers to only use synthetic DNA from accredited screening-compliant providers.
The Scene of the Crime
Authors: Prideaux Desirée
Published: January 2023

Chapter One explores the social and historical context in which Christie lived and wrote. It charts shifts in popular representations of the feminine ideal as it transitioned from the Angel in the Home, to the Amazons of the war effort, to the ‘surplus women’ of postwar Britain. This opens a window onto the ideologies and social influences that shaped women as readers, writers, and even as characters in golden age crime fiction. Relevant to later chapters are discussions about marriage, changing ideas about working women, and stereotypical representations of women. The life and ‘crimes’ of Agatha Christie are also explored. Pivotal stages in her life including her wartime work as a nurse, training as a dispensing pharmacist, 1926 ‘disappearance’, and two marriages are explored. These discussions provide a foundation for later considerations of Christie’s adherence to, or disruptions of, social rules and gender norms in the Marple mysteries.
Eternity in British Romantic Poetry
Authors: Callaghan Madeleine
Published: January 2023

Eternity in British Romantic Poetry explores the representation of the relationship between eternity and the mortal world in the poetry of the period. This monograph offers an original approach to Romanticism that demonstrates, against the grain, the dominant intellectual preoccupation of the period: the relationship between the mortal and the eternal. The project’s scope is two-fold: firstly, it analyses the prevalence and range of images of eternity (from apocalypse, and afterlife, to transcendence) in Romantic poetry; secondly, it opens up a new and more nuanced focus on how Romantic poets imagined and interacted with the idea of eternity. Every poet featured in this monograph seeks and finds their uniqueness in their apprehension of eternity. From Blake’s assertion of the Eternal Now to Keats’s defiance of eternity, Wordsworth’s ‘two consciousnesses’ versus Coleridge’s capacious poetry, Byron’s swithering between versions of eternity compared to Shelleyan yearning, and Hemans’s superlative account of everlasting female suffering, each poet finds new versions of eternity to explore or reject. Eternity in British Romantic Poetry offers a paradigm-shifting focus upon the aesthetic and philosophical power of eternity in Romantic poetry.
The Masque of the Red Death
Authors: Haberman Steve
Published: January 2023

This study follows the advice of Richard Corliss and David Kipen in investigating the primary documents used to create Roger Corman’s The Masque of the Red Death, as well as in consulting the words of the creators themselves in describing their process. Utilising the author’s experiences as a screenwriter and cinematic collaborator, this monograph details and analyses the specific contributions of Poe, Corman, Charles Beaumont, R. Wright Campbell and even Vincent Price to The Masque of the Red Death, validating the auteurist position of director Corman as the driving force behind the movie and, indeed, his entire body of work.
Reception – For His Entertaining Jest
Authors: Haberman Steve
Published: January 2023

American International Pictures used both high and low culture to promote the film, appealing to fans of Poe and Price in book store displays and book tie-ins as well as a comic book adaptation and street ballyhoo in front of theatres. The movie itself received mostly rave review from critics with only a few bad notices. In the end, it became the lowest grossing Poe film up until that time. Corman felt it needed more horror and less philosophy for its core audience.
Spielberg: Critical Context
Authors: Wilson D. Harlan
Published: January 2023

Whereas Spielberg spearheaded the phenomenon of the blockbuster movie as a money-making machine, he took creative control of his work, determining the direction, content, style, and genre of his films. The is the director’s most conspicuous signature. Minority Reportis the example par excellenceof how he implodes the blockbuster camp into the auteurist bloc. The film compelled critics and viewers to view the director as more than a great and powerful filmmaker with unmatched visual acuity who makes mass-market crowdpleasers that are relatively hollow and lack real depth.
Analysis: Capitalist Madness and the Spectre of Perception
Authors: Wilson D. Harlan
Published: January 2023

Minority Report explores a variety of social, cultural, philosophical, metaphysical, and ontological themes related to the SF genre and cinema in general. This chapter analyses key motifs, foremost among them perception, surveillance, and ‘eye-dentity’ – together they form the thematic core of the movie. Interrelated themes include capitalism, media pathology, religion and myth, gender roles, the vicissitudes of reality, metafilm, intertextuality, and free will. Wilson isolates noteworthy scenes and character relations for close reading. Several meaningful dualities between characters call attention to their identity construction and the flows of their desires. Spielberg even establishes a duality between himself (as director) and Tom Cruise (as protagonist) in one of many metanarrational winks at his own auteurism.
Mr Freedom
Authors: Sage Tyler
Published: January 2023

William Klein's Mr. Freedom (1969) is one of the most important American satirical films ever made. This book argues that its reputation as “anti-American” results from a deep misunderstanding of not only the film but the long tradition of arts and letters leading up to it, one which uses satire and exaggeration to reflect on the excesses and dangers of American narratives. Like many other works in this vein, William Klein's Mr. Freedom is bracing not because it is unpatriotic but because is acts to aggressively highlight that which many moviegoers cannot tolerate having questioned: the ideological nature of American stories themselves. The book supports these claims by weaving together a startling range of topics, including American literature, the prescriptions of screenwriting manuals, the cultural conditions surrounding the Vietnam War, the foundations of the American obsessions with race and violence, and the contemporary superhero film cycle. Through these lenses, the author explores the ways that Mr. Freedom forces its viewer to come to terms with the fact that the stories we tell ourselves cannot be separated from our interpretations of the larger movements of history, culture, and film tradition.
“You asked for it!” – Plot, Character, and Mr. Freedom’s Journey
Authors: Sage Tyler
Published: January 2023

This chapter explores the structure of the film, and the way it develops the character of the protagonist. The discussion is based on the prescriptions of screenwriting manuals as well as the most common plot devices of American films. It also delves into the historical understanding of the American hero and anti-hero.
The OA
Authors: Sweeney David
Published: January 2023

Created by the team of Brit Marling and Zal Batmanglij, and starring Marling in the role of Prairie Johnston, the Netflix Originals series The OA (2016–19) is a generically ambiguous, and ambitious, vehicle for exploring a variety of themes, chief among them identity, belief and the nature and construction of reality. Prairie claims that she has learned the secret of inter-dimensional travel after a near-death experience and subsequent imprisonment at the hands of a deranged scientist obsessed with that phenomenon – but is she a potentially unreliable narrator, a sincere one or, finally, a metafictional character playing a version of herself in a fictional drama?
This Constellation discusses The OA’s thematic concerns in the context of the creators’ earlier collaborations and in terms of influences on it, such as the work of David Lynch, particularly the TV series Twin Peaks (1990–2017) and the films Mulholland Drive (2001) and Inland Empire (2006), and comparable texts such as the Netflix Originals series Sense8 (2015–18) and the writings of Jorge Luis Borges and Philip K Dick. The discussion is supported by sources from the fields of media and social theory, including the work of Robin Nelson, Steven Shaviro, Mark Fisher and Dennis Broe. Negative criticisms of The OA are also addressed, such as accusations of superficiality, which will be considered alongside the themes of deception, manipulation and artificiality identifiable in The OA specifically, and in Marling and Batmanglij’s wider oeuvre.
Into Our Labours
Authors: Lazarus Neil
Published: January 2023

Into Our Labours explores the literary representation of work across the globe since 1850, setting out to show that the literature of modernity is best understood in the light of the worlding of capitalism. The book proposes that a determinative relation exists between changing modes of work and changes in the forms, genres, and aesthetic strategies of the writing that bears witness to them. Two aspects of the ‘worlding’ of modernity, especially, are emphasised. First, an ‘inaugural’ experience of capitalist social relations, whose literary registration sometimes makes itself known through a crisis of representation, as the forms of space- and time-consciousness demanded by life in contexts in which market-oriented commodity production has become the dominant form of social labour are counterposed with inherited ways of seeing and knowing, now under acute pressure if not already obsolete. Second, a moment corresponding to the consolidation, regularisation and global dispersal of capitalist development. Into Our Labours focuses on the naturalisation of capitalist social relations: forms of sociality and solidarity, ideologies of familialism, individualism and work, relations between the sexes and the generations. Arguing that the only plausible term for the vast body of literary work engendered by the worlding of capitalist social relations is ‘modernist’, the book proposes that it is then important to challenge the still-entrenched Eurocentric understandings of modernism. Modernism is neither originally nor paradigmatically ‘Western’ in provenance; and its temporal parameters are much broader than are usually assumed in modernist studies, extending both backward and forward in time.
The Flux Distribution and Sky Density of 25th Magnitude Main Belt Asteroids
Authors: Heinze A. N. , Trollo Joseph , Metchev Stanimir
Published: January 2023

Digital tracking enables telescopes to detect asteroids several times fainter than conventional techniques. We describe our optimized methodology to acquire, process, and interpret digital tracking observations, and we apply it to probe the apparent magnitude distribution of main belt asteroids fainter than any previously detected from the ground. All-night integrations with the Dark Energy Camera (DECam) yield 95% completeness at R magnitude 25.0 and useful sensitivity to R = 25.6 mag when we use an analytical detection model to correct flux overestimation bias. In a single DECam field observed over two nights, we detect a total of 3234 distinct asteroids, of which 3123 are confirmed on both nights. At opposition from the Sun, we find a sky density of 697 ± 15 asteroids per square degree brighter than R = 25.0 mag, and 1031 ± 23 brighter than R = 25.6 mag. We agree with published results for the sky density and apparent magnitude distribution of asteroids brighter than R = 23 mag. For a power law defined by dN/dR ∝ 10
αR
, we find marginally acceptable fits with a constant slope α =0.28 ± 0.02 from R = 20 to 25.6 mag. Better fits are obtained for a broken power law with α = 0.218 ± 0.026 for R = 20–23.5 mag, steepening to α = 0.340 ± 0.025 for R = 23.5–25.6 mag. The constant or steepening power law indicates that asteroids fainter than R = 23.5 mag are abundant, contrary to some previous claims but consistent with theory.
The On-orbit Performance of the Colorado Ultraviolet Transit Experiment Mission
Authors: Egan Arika , Nell Nicholas , Suresh Ambily , France Kevin , Fleming Brian , Sreejith Aickara Gopinathan , Lambert Julian , DeCicco Nicholas
Published: January 2023

We present the on-orbit performance of the Colorado Ultraviolet Transit Experiment (CUTE). CUTE is a 6U CubeSat that launched on 2021 September 27 and is obtaining near-ultraviolet (NUV; 2480 Å-3306 Å) transit spectroscopy of short-period exoplanets. The instrument comprises a 20 cm × 8 cm rectangular Cassegrain telescope, an NUV spectrograph with a holographically ruled aberration-correcting diffraction grating, and an NUV-optimized CCD detector. The telescope feeds the spectrograph through an 18′ × 60″ slit. The detector is a passively cooled, back-illuminated NUV-enhanced CCD. The spacecraft bus is a Blue Canyon Technologies XB1, which has demonstrated ≤ 6″ jitter in 56% of CUTE science exposures. Following spacecraft commissioning, an on-orbit calibration program was executed to characterize the CUTE instrument’s on-orbit performance. The results of this calibration indicate that the effective area of CUTE is ≈19.0–27.5 cm2 and that the average intrinsic resolution element is 2.9 Å across the bandpass. This paper describes the measurement of the science instrument performance parameters as well as the thermal and pointing characteristics of the observatory.
Systematic Study of the Peak Energy of Broadband Gamma-Ray Burst Spectra
Authors: Katsukura Daisuke , Sakamoto Takanori , Tashiro Makoto S. , Terada Yukikatsu
Published: January 2023

We have performed a systematic study of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), which have various values in the peak energy of the νF

ν
spectrum of prompt emission, E
peak, observed by the Swift/Burst Alert Telescope (BAT) and Fermi/Gamma-ray Burst Monitor, investigating their prompt and X-ray afterglow emissions. We cataloged long-lasting GRBs observed by Swift between 2004 December and 2014 February in three categories according to the classification by Sakamoto et al.: X-ray flashes (XRFs), X-ray-rich GRBs (XRRs), and classical GRBs (C-GRBs). We then derived

, as well as

if viable, of the Swift spectra of their prompt emission. We also analyzed their X-ray afterglows and found that GRB events with a lower

, i.e., softer GRBs, are fainter in 0.3–10 keV X-ray luminosity and decay more slowly than harder GRBs. The intrinsic event rates of the XRFs, XRRs, and C-GRBs were calculated using the Swift/BAT trigger algorithm. Those of the XRRs and XRFs are larger than that of the C-GRBs. If we assume that the observational diversity of E
peak is explained using the off-axis model, these results yield a jet half-opening angle of Δθ ∼ 0.°3, and a variance of the observing angles θ
obs ≲ 0.°6. This implies that this tiny variance would be responsible for the E
peak diversity observed by Swift/BAT, which is unrealistic. Therefore, we conclude that the E
peak diversity is not explained with the off-axis model, but is likely to originate from some intrinsic properties of the jets.
Reactive Rate Constants for the C+ + H2(v = 0, 1) Reaction: An Accurate State-to-state Quantum Dynamical Study
Authors: Wu Hui , Duan Zhixin , He Xiaohu
Published: January 2023

The accurately calculated thermal rate constants of the C+ + H2(v = 0, 1) reaction are important for estimating the CH+ emission spectra in different astronomical environments. In this study, reactive quantum dynamics of the C+ + H2(v = 0, 1) reaction have been investigated with the time-dependent wave packet method on the high-quality potential energy surface recently developed by Guo et al. The simulated total cross sections are compared in detail with previous experimental measurements and dynamical results. The calculated total rate constants are found to be in good agreement with previous quasi-classical results by Herráez-Aguilar et al., except for the v = 0 reaction at low temperatures. The ro-vibrational state-resolved rate constants show that the CH+ product, obtained from both the v = 0 and v = 1 reactions, is significantly populated in the vibrational ground but rotational excited states. In particular, for the v = 0 reaction, the CH+ product is preferably formed at j′ = 4, 5 rotational levels, while the CH+ product for the v = 1 reaction prefers rotational excitation j′ = 6–8. This finding varies with previous J-shifting calculations by Zanchet et al., owing to the different potential energy surface and methodology employed in the calculations.
Cold Deuterium Fractionation in the Nearest Planet-forming Disk
Authors: Romero-Mirza Carlos E. , Öberg Karin I. , Law Charles J. , Teague Richard , Aikawa Yuri , Bergner Jennifer B. , Wilner David J. , Huang Jane , Guzmán Viviana V. , Cleeves L. Ilsedore
Published: January 2023

Deuterium fractionation provides a window into the thermal history of volatiles in the solar system and protoplanetary disks. While evidence of active molecular deuteration has been observed toward a handful of disks, it remains unclear whether this chemistry affects the composition of forming planetesimals due to limited observational constraints on the radial and vertical distribution of deuterated molecules. To shed light on this question, we introduce new Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array observations of DCO+ and DCN J = 2–1 at an angular resolution of 0.″5 (30 au) and combine them with archival data of higher energy transitions toward the protoplanetary disk around TW Hya. We carry out a radial excitation analysis assuming both LTE and non-LTE to localize the physical conditions traced by DCO+ and DCN emission in the disk, thus assessing deuterium fractionation efficiencies and pathways at different disk locations. We find similar disk-averaged column densities of 1.9 × 1012 and 9.8 × 1011 cm−2 for DCO+ and DCN, with typical kinetic temperatures for both molecules of 20–30 K, indicating a common origin near the comet- and planet-forming midplane. The observed DCO+/DCN abundance ratio, combined with recent modeling results, provide tentative evidence of a gas-phase C/O enhancement within <40 au. Observations of DCO+ and DCN in other disks, as well as HCN and HCO+, will be necessary to place the trends exhibited by TW Hya in context, and fully constrain the main deuteration mechanisms in disks.
Tracking the Rapid Opening and Closing of Polar Coronal Holes through IBEX ENA Observations
Authors: Shrestha Bishwas L. , Zirnstein Eric J. , McComas David J.
Published: January 2023

Fast solar wind (SW) flows outward from polar coronal holes (PCHs). The latitudinal extent of the fast SW varies during different phases of the solar cycle. The fast SW in the inner heliosheath produces a flatter proton spectrum than the slow SW that can be observed through energetic neutral atoms (ENAs) by the Interstellar Boundary Explorer (IBEX). In this study, we investigate the evolution of PCHs as reflected in the high-time resolution ENA flux measurements from IBEX-Hi, where the PCHs are identified by ENA spectral indices <1.8. The ENA spectral index over the poles shows a periodic evolution over the solar cycle 24. The surface area with flatter ENA spectra (<1.8) around the ecliptic south pole increases slightly from 2009–2011 and then decreased gradually from 2012–2014. The PCH completely disappears in 2016 and then starts to appear again starting in 2017, gradually growing until 2019. This evolution shows a clear correlation with the change in the PCH area observed at the Sun once the delay in the ENA observation time is included. In addition, the higher-cadence ENA data at the highest latitudes show a rapid evolution of the ENA spectrum near the south pole in 2014 and 2017. The rapid evolution in 2014 is related to a rapid closing of PCHs in 2012 and that in 2017 is related to a rapid opening of PCHs in late 2014. These results also agree qualitatively with the evolution of the ENA spectral index from simulations using a simple time-dependent heliospheric flow model.
Investigation of cultural ecosystem services supply in a river landscape: a case study in the Lower Rhine area using social media images
Authors: Tulek Betul
Published: January 2023

River landscapes have an important function in the landscape in terms of coastal use and the opportunities they provide and they offer different cultural ecosystem services (CES). CES have a significant impact on human welfare in terms of the recreational, aesthetic and spiritual benefits these generate for people. However, the modelling and analysis of these services is more limited versus other ecosystem services due to their intangibility and subjectivity which creates unique challenges. Recently, social media data have provided an opportunity to generate spatial models of CES, offering significant cost and time advantages. Nevertheless, the usefulness of these novel data sources still requires more investigation versus more traditional survey techniques. This study aims to understand the variety of information provided by the images that users upload publicly on a daily basis to social media in a urban/rural setting. Specifically, CES provided by the open and green spaces around the Lower Rhine (Nederrijn) in Wageningen were studied using images uploaded to the social media platform Flickr. A photographic survey was then conducted to compare the utility and accuracy of these new data versus traditional techniques. In doing so, spatial data, ratings and survey evaluations related to the photographs were digitised, classified and integrated with land cover features. The results show that there is a good consistency between the two sources of data and that a wide range of CES measures can be established using these novel data sources. More work is now needed in developing spatial indicators of CES relevant to local assessments, such as the one carried out in this study.

Focusing on the Lower Rhine region as a case study, we used the Flickr digital platform to address the following three key questions:

(1) What is the spatial distribution of CES?

(2) Do users who post on the Flickr platform fully represent the cultural identity of the community and visitors in the region?

(3) Which land-cover types of the Lower Rhine region are most appreciated for CES and what are the aesthetic preferences of visitors and experts that correspond to this?
Liparis tianchiensis (Orchidaceae), a new species from Gansu, China
Authors: Liu Xiao-Juan , Sun Xue-Gang
Published: January 2023

Liparis tianchiensis (Orchidaceae, Epidendroideae), a new species from Wenxian County, Gansu Province, China, is described and illustrated, based on morphological characters. Liparis tianchiensis is morphologically similar to L. damingshanensis, L. pauliana and L. mengziensis with erect, lax flowered-inflorescences, small persistent floral bracts, small greenish-purple flowers, spreading sepals, free reflexed and linear petals, a lip with 2 calli near the base and an arcuate column. Liparis tianchiensis differs from L. pauliana by the single and much smaller leaf, shorter sepals and petals, smaller and reflexed oblong lip. It differs from L. mengziensis by having fewer and larger flowers and not connate lip apex. The novelty mostly resembles L. damingshanensis, but can be readily identified by having longer sepals and a reflexed oblong lip. Liparis tianchiensis only occurs in evergreen broad-leaved forest around a mountain lake in Wenxian County, Gansu Province, China.
Vertical distribution of spiders (Araneae) in Central European shallow subterranean habitats
Authors: Řezáč Milan , Růžička Vlastimil , Dolanský Jan , Dolejš Petr
Published: January 2023

Shallow subterranean habitats are among the last habitats in Central Europe to be arachnologically researched. Using stratified pipe traps, we studied the vertical distribution of spiders in soil and interspaces in bedrock (shallow subterranean habitats). Specifically, we sampled fauna in different substrates, including limestone, sandy marlstone, sandy marl, claystone, loess, and artificial gravel accumulation. Employing stratified pipe traps allowed us to identify the depth at which particular species occurred. Across multiple years and sampling sites, we collected 76 spider species, 21 of which showed an affinity for subterranean microhabitats. Some of these species occurred in interspaces in soil and bedrock, whereas others have been previously found in subterranean ant nests and animal burrows. We collected five species (Iberina microphthalma, Centromerus cf. piccolo,Porrhomma cambridgei,P. microcavense, andP. microps) almost exclusively at depths over half a meter, suggesting the strong affinity of these species for a subterranean lifestyle. We provide diagrams of these species’ vertical distribution and photo-document eye reduction. Our study demonstrates that poorly studied shallow subterranean habitats harbor diverse subterranean spider fauna, including several previously considered rare species in Central Europe.
Clinical Stress and Clinical Performance in Prelicensure Nursing Students: A Systematic Review
Authors: Welch Susan R.
Published: January 2023

Background:

Stress within clinical learning environments often has been associated with nursing education. However, in the past decade, the perceived stress levels of prelicensure nursing students have not only been sustained, they have actually increased. Increased and sustained stress levels negatively affect nursing students' perceptions of their competence, confidence, and ultimately, their clinical performance.

Method:

A systematic review of the relationship between nursing students' perceived clinical stress and perceived clinical performance was conducted following PRISMA guidelines.

Results:

The review highlighted what is currently known about the relationship between perceived clinical stress in prelicensure nursing students and perceived clinical performance, providing implications for future research in clinical education. Three main themes were identified: nursing student gender, academic year, and clinical skill preparation.

Conclusion:

Future research with rigorous methodological designs is necessary to examine the relationship between perceived clinical stress in prelicensure nursing students and perceived clinical performance.[J Nurs Educ. 2023;62(1):36–41.]
Les livres Chourses-Coëtivy au musée Condé de Chantilly : genèse et destinée d’une collection (xve-xxie siècle)
Authors: Claerr Roseline
Published: January 2023

La bibliothèque du musée Condé, sise en l’écrin que constitue le château de Chantilly, abrite un ensemble de livres ayant appartenu à une noble dame d’origine bretonne et de sang royal : Catherine de Coëtivy (vers 1460-1528). Cette nièce d’amiral et de cardinal bibliophiles constitua, à partir de son mariage avec Antoine de Chourses en 1478, et durant son long veuvage, une collection originale de manuscrits et d’incunables. Mis à part quelques volumes partis pour La Haye, Paris ou Stuttgart, cette collection n’a pas été disséminée : elle se trouve aujourd’hui à peu près intacte sous la garde de l’Institut de France, au musée Condé, grâce à la donation du duc d’Aumale, qui reçut cette bibliothèque en 1830 du dernier prince de Condé. Cet article s’attachera à retracer la genèse de cette collection à la fin du Moyen Âge et à l’aube de la Renaissance, pour ensuite évoquer sa réinvention par le duc d’Aumale au xixe siècle et l’exploitation scientifique qui en est faite de nos jours.
Les collectes anthropologiques de la mission Dakar-Djibouti (1931-1933) au Mali : quelle utilité scientifique ?
Authors: Dolo Akognon A. , Vialet Amélie
Published: January 2023

La mission Dakar-Djibouti (1931-1933) est l’une des grandes expéditions de l’ethnologie française en Afrique. Organisée par l’Institut d’Ethnologie en collaboration avec le Musée d’ethnographie du Trocadéro, elle a joué un rôle important dans la rénovation de ce dernier et la création, en 1937, du Musée de l’Homme. Les collectes conséquentes (3650 pièces) ont porté sur les objets ethnographiques, mais également sur des séries anthropologiques de la région de Sangha. Ces dernières n’ont jamais été étudiées par la suite. Nous avons examiné la série conservée au Musée de l’Homme comprenant 36 crânes et 21 mandibules et nous l’avons comparée aux fossiles relevant de l’Holocène ancien de la région d’Hassi-el-Abiod et d’Asselar (Mali) et ceux des groupes préhistoriques d’Afrique du Nord : Afalou (Algérie) et Taforalt (Maroc). Les résultats montrent que les Dogons sont nettement plus petits en dimensions et d’une façon générale plus graciles, ce qui s’explique par le fait qu’ils sont aussi les plus récents des groupes considérés. Au-delà de cette étude, nous nous sommes interrogés sur les raisons du délaissement de cette série anthropologique ou de son oubli dans un contexte pourtant militant pour une approche holistique, intégrant des considérations physiques et culturelles pour caractériser les populations. C’est en effet cette démarche qui est enseignée par le tout jeune Institut d’ethnologie, créé en 1925, dont les missions qui en émanent, en territoire colonial, se devaient d’être une mise en application.
Les archives archéologiques en France : généralités et quelques exemples lyonnais (en particulier sur le site « des théâtres »)
Authors: Fellague Djamila
Published: January 2023

Quelques aspects sur les archives archéologiques sont évoqués, illustrés d’exemples lyonnais, pour insister sur les difficultés de leurs exploitations, en l’absence de moyens suffisants mis en œuvre pour leur gestion rigoureuse, par le passé. Dans la reprise d’études sur le théâtre romain de Lyon et son environnement, les travaux pour retrouver les liens entre les archives, les objets et les vestiges en place s’apparentent parfois à un jeu de piste.
Laboratorium artificiosum
Authors: Rovelli Federica
Published: January 2023

Les matériaux personnels employés par Beethoven au cours de son travail furent publiés pour la première fois en 1832. Se trouvait ainsi inaugurée la tradition des études musicologiques sur le processus créatif en musique. Cet article entend offrir une nouvelle occasion de réfléchir sur ce thème, qui mette l’accent sur la composition en tant que processus, matériel aussi bien que cognitif. Certaines des phases isolables dans l’activité compositionnelle de Beethoven (recueil du matériel initial ; son élaboration ; sa Textualisierung ; retouches et révisions du texte complet ; corrections de copies ou de premières éditions) sont examinées à partir d’exemples tirés de diverses typologies matérielles.
New Strategies in Treatment and Enzymatic Processes
Authors: Vennila T. , Karuna M. S. , Srivastava Bipin Kumar , Venugopal Jayaprakash , Surakasi Raviteja , B. Sampath
Published: January 2023

Ethanol can be made from lignocellulosic biomass, a promising replacement for fossil fuels. The bioethanol production process is divided into three basic unit operations. Conventional and well-established corn-to-ethanol technology can be cost competitive with the cellulosic ethanol process. For the pre-treatment of bagasse, steam explosion without a catalyst and a mixture of sulfuric and oxalic acids were used. The slab was submitted to enzymatic hydrolysis in the first scheme without any additional treatments like washing or solid-liquid separation. According to a study, post-treating bagasse with a pressure filtering process improved the amount of sugar that might be produced for ethanol. The total cellulosic ethanol process can be made successful. The effect of varying concentrations of sodium sulphite and its effect on both process configurations were also studied. The study provided an 8-10% increase in overall enzymatic efficiency as compared to the control substrate.
Empowerment Programming
Authors: Fox Brendon C.
Published: January 2023

Administrators in the upper echelons of higher education face an array of dilemmas that impact and inform institutional priorities around how to serve various student populations best. Chief among those considerations is how to empower historically disenfranchised students toward a deeply substantive experience that inspires them intellectually and involves them in areas of social justice. This chapter provides an explanatory case study of a successful program launched by two vice presidents of a small, predominately white institution (PWI) in rural Kansas. It shows how deeply impactful outcomes for black male students can be achieved through intentional elevating educational intentional practice programs. The case study explores the “how” and “why” and offers insights for sustained future programming.
H&M
Authors: Hong Ying
Published: January 2023

On March 24, 2021, following the Better Cotton Institute (BCI) claims about unethical cotton production in the Xinjiang province in China, H&M published a statement on its official website, causing heated discussions among Chinese netizens. According to the statement, H&M declared to not cooperate with any garment manufacturing factories located in Xinjiang, nor to use raw materials from the region due to BCI allegations of forced labor and religious discrimination against the ethnic minorities in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region. After that, Chinese consumers began to boycott H&M causing various e-commerce platforms to remove H&M-related products, as well as several offline stores in China to close. As a result, H&M's sales in China fell sharply in that quarter, and the brand has had difficulties regaining the trust of Chinese consumers.
LI-NING Sport Brand
Authors: Lin Cai Yi
Published: January 2023

LI-NING is a Chinese sports brand founded in 1990 by a famous Chinese athlete. It is a professional sports brand covering shoes, apparel, accessories, and other products, integrating research and development, design, production, and sales. In the aftermath of the Xinjiang Cotton Incident that affected many foreign brands such as H&M and ADIDAS, Chinese consumers began to boycott foreign brands and shifted their consumption focus to domestic products. As a result, sales of LI-NING's products soared and demand exceeded supply. However, it wasn't long before consumers found themselves paying more for LI-NING's products, which angered them and prompted internet users to condemn the company.
Versace
Authors: Wang Hailin
Published: January 2023

As a world-famous luxury brand, Versace has always been the most favored brand by high-net-worth people in China. In 2019, the text on a T-shirt designed by Versace was questioned by a netizen about “listing Hong Kong and Macao with other countries.” For most Chinese netizens, this incident was interpreted as a campaign promoting Hong Kong and Macao independence. In addition, Chinese influential KOLs and ambassadors of Versace subsequently stopped their cooperation with the brand. After that, Versace apologized in China and put its announcement on its official Weibo account. However, Chinese netizens found that Versace didn't go far enough and did not apologize on foreign mainstream media either. Chinese consumers started boycott campaigns to incite other consumers not to buy it. Under this pressure, Versace issued a new apology in both Chinese and English on foreign social media and other official platforms, accompanied by an apology letter from the brand creative director, claiming that the T-shirt had been removed from the shelves and destroyed in the official sales channel.
Balenciaga
Authors: Wang Pengqi
Published: January 2023

Balenciaga, a famous luxury brand, was heavily criticized and boycotted by Chinese netizens after mishandling a queue cut incident in a famous French department store in Paris, involving Chinese customers and local staff. The incident caused an uproar on Chinese social media and generated more than 20 million views on Weibo (a famous Chinese social media platform) within two days. Chinese consumers defined the incident as racial discrimination and spontaneously launched a boycott campaign against Balenciaga. This chapter will mainly focus on public opinions and official responses from all parties, analyze the causes and consequences of this incident, and explain how Balenciaga manages to overcome this public relations crisis.
Vitasoy Soft Drink
Authors: Chen Zhaoying
Published: January 2023

An employee of the soft drink brank Vitasoy attacked a Hong Kong police officer and then committed suicide. Vitasoy Group had posted a series of responses about the incident. Most netizens believed that those responses of Vitasoy demonstrated irresponsibility and indifference of the brand towards the attacked on the police officer. The event caused intense discontent and anger among people in mainland China and therefore triggering a heated discussion online. Due to the dissatisfaction of netizens with Vitasoy, the brand's reputation took a hit in the Chinese mainland market, and the sales plummeted as a result.
L'Oréal
Authors: He Yini
Published: January 2023

L'Oréal has been one of the most popular cosmetic brands in China in recent years with all its series of brands and product lines from professional skincare to mass cosmetics. On November 18, 2021, L'Oréal was accused of false promotion because of sales price discrepancies between Double Eleven Festival's promised prices and other sales channel prices. L'Oréal did not respond promptly to its customer service at first. Later on, L'Oréal handled this controversy by deleting its Weibo advertisement and releasing sales coupons to customers, which ignited dissatisfaction and heated public outcry for its poor customer service.
Genki Forest Milk Tea
Authors: Zhixuan Yu
Published: January 2023

Genki Forest, a famous milk tea brand in China, took the initiative to disclose a problem, claiming that its “sugar-free” products did in fact contain sugar, and announced that the label will be changed. This strategy of coming forward with a problem before it is leaked or exposed by others is different from many other scandals in China. It was intended to make an amendment and reduce the impact on the brand image. The “self-destructed” strategy will be described in this chapter, and it will show, through the opinions and comments of netizens, how Genki Forest Milk Tea successfully avoided tremendous loss while solving the problem.
Shanghai Disney Resort and the LinaBelll Dolls
Authors: Zeng Huijing
Published: January 2023

The LinaBell figurine has had an influential presence on social media platforms since her debut in Shanghai Disneyland in September 2021. Due to this success, the series it belongs to, the Duffy family in Shanghai Disneyland, was often in short supply of their cartoon products. This shortage from the official sales channel generated a strong demand on the secondary market where the same dolls were resold at much higher price prices, making many netizens its hunger marketing strategy. Although it has always denied such marketing practices, the online registration and offline purchase system they put in place for the 2021 Duffy and Friends Christmas Collection generated heated debate online about the hunger marketing strategy and the frustrations it engendered. Netizens criticized the fact that regular visitors could not make online reservations to purchase the products, `ticket-scalpers` took this opportunity to buy the goods and resell the products on second-hand platforms at extremely high prices, and more than 5,000 people waited in line to have a chance to buy the series.
Factors That Explain a Sustainable Organizational Culture in Medium-Sized Colombian Companies
Authors: Pérez-Uribe Rafael Ignacio , Lozano-Correa Luz Janeth , Salcedo-Perez Carlos , Moscoso-Duran Fabio Fernando
Published: January 2023

This chapter will explain, in light of the methodology network of trustfulness (MNT), the existence of a series of factors that explain a higher percentage of organizational culture in terms of values and beliefs, which developed and deployed by senior management become fundamental aspects for their flourishing and maintenance, on which management expects its workers to express in their day-to-day behavior. The hypothesis raised in the title of this chapter is fully verified to the extent that from the multiple regression analysis, the results between the dependent variable (values and beliefs as direct definers of organizational culture) and the 17 independent variables that make up the model show that they explain 58-59% of the organizational culture.
Regulation of Mesenchymal Cell Fate by Transfer of Active Gasdermin-D via Monocyte-Derived Extracellular Vesicles
Authors: Sarkar Anasuya , Das Srabani , Bone Hannah , DeVengencie Ivana , Prasad Jayendra , Farkas Daniela , Londino James D , Nho Richard S , Rojas Mauricio , Horowitz Jeffrey C
Published: January 2023

Fibrosis is characterized by inappropriately persistent myofibroblast accumulation and excessive extracellular matrix deposition with the disruption of tissue architecture and organ dysfunction. Regulated death of reparative mesenchymal cells is critical for normal wound repair, but profibrotic signaling promotes myofibroblast resistance to apoptotic stimuli. A complex interplay between immune cells and structural cells underlies lung fibrogenesis. However, there is a paucity of knowledge on how these cell populations interact to orchestrate physiologic and pathologic repair of the injured lung. In this context, gasdermin-D (GsdmD) is a cytoplasmic protein that is activated following cleavage by inflammatory caspases and induces regulated cell death by forming pores in cell membranes. This study was undertaken to evaluate the impact of human (Thp-1) monocyte-derived extracellular vesicles and GsdmD on human lung fibroblast death. Our data show that active GsdmD delivered by monocyte-derived extracellular vesicles induces caspase-independent fibroblast and myofibroblast death. This cell death was partly mediated by GsdmD-independent induction of cellular inhibitor of apoptosis 2 (cIAP-2) in the recipient fibroblast population. Our findings, to our knowledge, define a novel paradigm by which inflammatory monocytes may orchestrate the death of mesenchymal cells in physiologic wound healing, illustrating the potential to leverage this mechanism to eliminate mesenchymal cells and facilitate the resolution of fibrotic repair.