bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Traumatic durotomy and entrapment of neural elements in a lumbar burst and laminar fracture diagnosed on preoperative imaging: illustrative case
Authors: Jarin Ian J , Samocha Yigal , Houten John K , Kinon Merritt D
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND

Traumatic dural lacerations can be caused by thoracolumbar burst fractures and, infrequently, can be associated with the entrapment of neural elements within a laminar fracture. The diagnosis of both is difficult to make on preoperative imaging, as the conditions are typically appreciated during surgical exploration. The authors present a case of traumatic durotomy with entrapment of neural elements in a laminar fracture that they believed could be appreciated on preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

OBSERVATIONS

A young male involved in a motor vehicle collision presented to the authors’ trauma center with a lumbar burst and laminar fracture. Preoperative MRI demonstrated epidural hemorrhage and entrapment of neural elements within the laminar fracture, which was confirmed intraoperatively. The patient underwent a successful decompression, release of nerve roots, fusion, and recovery.

LESSONS

Traumatic durotomy and entrapment of neural elements can occur after a traumatic spinal fracture, and a diagnosis made upon preoperative MRI can allow for effective preoperative planning. Clinicians should have a high index of suspicion for these pathologies when encountering certain fracture patterns and could therefore tailor the surgical approach to avoid further neurological injury during surgery.

https://thejns.org/doi/10.3171/CASE24455
“To Brew a Prefabricated Medley of the Wreckage of All Groups”: The Russian Association of Proletarian Writers in the Federation of Associations of Soviet Writers
Authors: Moskovskaya Daria S.
Published: October 2024

The Federation of Soviet Writers’ Associations (FOSP) is examined for the first time from the perspective of the sociology of the literary process. The traditional historical and literary question of who created the FOSP and why is replaced here by a more significant problem from the point of view of the literary process: why did the FOSP emerge in the conditions of competition on the market of literary production, who needed the FOSP most in the conditions of the market economy, and, finally, whether there was any prospect of the FOSP continuing to function after 1932. It is shown that the FOSP and its institutions, first and foremost the Federation publishing house, were the legitimate product of the NEP era and served the strategic goals of the Proletarian Union of Soviet Writers. Since the “genetic code” of the FOSP, like that of the Proletarian Association, belonged to the NEP era, the Federation had no chance of taking root in the economic and political conditions of the 1930s.
Once Again About the Origin of the Jurak Language
Authors: Urmanchieva Anna Yu.
Published: October 2024

This article reconsiders the material of the disappeared Northern Samoyedic idiom, data on which were collected in the 17th century by G.F. Müller and interpreted by E.A. Helimsky. Linguistically, Jurak is included in the group of Northern Samoyed languages, along with Forest and Tundra Enets, Forest and Tundra Nenets, Nganasan and Mator. Geographically, E.A. Helimsky localizes the Jurak language in the northern part of the interfluve of the Taz and Yenisei. It is significant that Jurak is localized between the Entets language in the east and Nenets in the west.
E.A. Helimsky showed that from the point of view of historical phonetics, the Jurak language in some respects occupies an intermediate position between Nenets and Enets. He also notes that a number of Jurak words that do not coincide with Nenets have a parallel in Enets. Based on this, he proposed to consider Jurak a Nenets dialect, which shared some of the characteristics of the neighboring closely related language. This paper proposes to revise the data on the historical phonetics of the Jurak language. It is demonstrated that in different Jurak words the development of the same phonemic sequences can have two options. One variant is shared with the rest of the Nenets dialects, whereas the other with the Enets language. This situation indicates that Jurak is not the result of a diachronically consistent development of a peripheral Nenets dialect in contact with Enets, but is a mixed language with Nenets and Enets components.
George Kennan as a Prototype of the Englishman in the Novel Resurrection by Leo Tolstoy
Authors: Alekseeva Galina V.
Published: October 2024

This article is based on the hypothesis that George Kennan, the American journalist, traveler, and writer, who visited Tolstoy at Yasnaya Polyana in summer of 1886, was one of the prototypes of the Englishman in Tolstoy’s novel Resurrection. The book Siberia and the Exile System by George Kennan was one of the sources of Resurrection. We can trace the certain parallels in the description of the Siberian prison stage, some exiles whom Kennan met, the hotels in Irkutsk where he used to stay. Though earlier there were some speculations about the missionary F.W. Baedeker and the journalist Harry de Windt as the possible models of the Englishman in Resurrection. Yet the research of the draft versions of Resurrection, archival and other sources testify to the fact that still Kennan, if not the only one, but one of the most feasible prototypes of the Englishman in Resurrection.
Elements of Romantic Poetics in Rydbergʼs Work: Continuity and Innovation. The Motif of Journey in Viktor Rydberg’s Poetry
Authors: Surkov Vladislav V.
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to the motif of journey in the poetry of swedish author of the second half of 19th century Viktor Rydberg (1828–1895). The way has been considered as a metaphor in mythological and folklore texts, and the motif of journey is one of the most common motifs in world literature. It has a special significance for Romanticists, in whose texts the journey symbolizes the process of individual spiritual quest. The similar approach to the metaphorisation of the path is characteristic of Rydberg’s works: the influence of Romantic tradition can be traced in them. The works of swedish poet with the motif of journey and hero-wanderer in the center were analyzed in the article. The role of the motif of journey in the formation of the spiritual apperanance of characters was revealed.
Teledetección en el análisis del cambio forestal de la zona protegida San Marcelino, El Salvador, Centroamérica
Authors: Arias Jaco Daro Cristian
Published: October 2024

Se aborda el cambio en la cobertura forestal de la zona protegida San Marcelino, El Salvador, Centroamérica, particularmente donde se encuentran los vestigios de la erupción del antes volcán San Marcelino, ahora cerro San Marcelino. El Complejo San Marcelino, designado como Área Natural Protegida, forma parte del Sistema de Áreas Naturales Protegidas de El Salvador y abarca aproximadamente 1 612 hectáreas, según datos del Ministerio de Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales (MARN). El estudio tuvo como objetivo, analizar el cambio ambiental y forestal en esta zona, presentando un enfoque exploratorio que utiliza la teledetección y las imágenes del Sentinel-2. Se examina el comportamiento de las bandas espectrales y se construye índices de vegetación para entender mejor la evolución de la vegetación. El análisis se centra en los años 2018 a 2022 y se basa en el índice de vegetación NDVI (Diferencia Normalizada de Vegetación).
Sistema automático y portable de monitoreo de material particulado utilizando IoT para determinar la calidad del aire en la ciudad de San Juan de Pasto
Authors: Chana Calderón Leibnitz Eduardo , Chamorro Enríquez Jorge Andrés , Narváez Burgos Juan Carlos
Published: October 2024

Este estudio presenta un prototipo automático y portátil basado en Internet de las Cosas (IoT) para monitorear la concentración de partículas finas (PM10) en San Juan de Pasto, evaluando la calidad del aire. El desarrollo se divide en cuatro fases: selección del sensor Sensirion SPS30, integración con servicios en la nube para estructurar y asegurar la seguridad de los datos, toma de datos en sitio y presentación de resultados en una plataforma web. Los datos, representados en un mapa interactivo, permiten evaluar la calidad del aire, clasificados por colores. Este enfoque proporciona información accesible desde cualquier dispositivo con conexión a Internet, ofreciendo detalles sobre la calidad del aire local.
Evaluación del desempeño de un sistema de condensación de gas de pirólisis de llantas a escala de laboratorio
Authors: Moreno Arias Claudio Alberto , Chamarraví Guerra Oscar
Published: October 2024

Este documento presenta los resultados más relevantes de las pruebas realizadas en el proceso de pirólisis a escala de laboratorio de residuos de llantas, del proyecto macro ‘Valoración de llantas con enfoque de economía circular’ desarrollado por la Universidad de América y el SENA. Como objetivos, se buscó identificar las variables y condiciones más óptimas que permitieran la selección del proceso más adecuado de descomposición térmica, diseñar y construir un reactor pirolítico o pirolizador a escala de laboratorio y, por último, analizar el subproducto líquido obtenido de la pirólisis. Como resultados más destacados se logró la escogencia del tipo de pirólisis más adecuado para las condiciones del laboratorio, se diseñó y construyó el pirolizador a escala de laboratorio con materiales descartados y reciclados, además de realizar un análisis de las fracciones refinadas del líquido de pirólisis obtenido (black oil), para determinar su viabilidad de uso en motores de combustión. El producto obtenido no presentó las mejores características para probarse en motores de combustión, pero dejó sentadas las bases para continuar investigando sobre su purificación y posterior implementación. Es de destacar que el proyecto se llevó a cabo con el trabajo del equipo conformado por docentes investigadores, tesistas de pregrado en ingeniería mecánica y semilleristas del Grupo IENA.
Áreas urbanas en desuso, para implementar educación ambiental y compostaje de residuos orgánicos
Authors: Jiménez Guerrero Raúl
Published: October 2024

El trabajo presenta una serie de espacios evaluados para la implementación de procesos de tratamiento de la fracción orgánica de los residuos sólidos urbanos mediante compostaje, el cual incluye educación ambiental (EA) para incentivar la clasificación de esta desde la generación en las casas de habitación. Contemplar estas dinámicas sociales y de ingeniería en el desarrollo urbano se ha vuelto una necesidad imperante en todos los sitios del globo, que se encamina de manera correcta con los objetivos de desarrollo sostenible. Realizada en la ciudad de San Luis Potosí, México, la trascendencia para esta investigación al incluir este tipo de espacios dentro de la planificación y el desarrollo urbano, es procurar abonar en el saneamiento de las ciudades actuales y del futuro. Así mismo, en el estudio actual se expresa la evaluación del producto final del compostaje realizado de esta fracción orgánica de residuos en combinación con arbolado urbano, lo que representan juntos casi la mitad de los residuos que una ciudad puede generar diariamente.
Evaluación del efecto de la aplicación de bioles y hongos micorrízicos arbusculares en Helianthus annuus para la biorremediación de suelos contaminados con zinc
Authors: Jurkauskas Campuzano Valeria , Tamayo Londoño Andrea , Osorno Bedoya Laura
Published: October 2024

El zinc es un micronutriente esencial para el crecimiento y desarrollo de las plantas. Sin embargo, en altas concentraciones llega a ser tóxico, afectando negativamente a la planta y al suelo. Una de las alternativas para disminuir la concentración de este elemento en los suelos es la biorremediación, en la cual se puede utilizar plantas hiperacumuladoras de metales y microorganismos como los hongos micorrízicos arbusculares (HMA). El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el efecto de la biorremediación de suelos contaminados con Zinc por Helianthus annus con adición de bioles e inoculación con HMA. El experimento se llevó a cabo bajo condiciones de invernadero por 90 días en un suelo con una concentración de 500 mg de Zinc /Kg. Los tratamientos consistieron en la inoculación o no de HMA y la adición de bioles como fertilizantes orgánicos. Los resultados muestran que las plantas de girasol lograron crecer en el suelo con 500 mg/Kg; su desarrollo fue significativamente mayor cuando fueron inoculadas con el hongo con una biomasa aérea de 28.11 g radicular 33.4 g comparada con los controles no inoculados 20.7 g y 25.3 g respectivamente y, presentaron una colonización micorrizal del 30 %. Al final del experimento, la concentración de Zinc en el suelo disminuyó en un 99,2 % con las plantas no inoculadas y, al inocularlas con los HMA, en un 99,6 %. La planta de girasol es una alternativa ambientalmente sostenible y estética para biorremediar suelos contaminados con metales; los HMA mejoran la biorremediación y el desarrollo de las plantas en presencia de metales.
Evaluación de nutrientes en humus de café con Ancognatha scarabaeoides mediante compostaje y variación del sustrato
Authors: Botina Gómez Dayana Elizabeth , Burbano Pantoja María Camila , España Bucheli Anyi Paola , Narváez Narváez Juan Carlos
Published: October 2024

En el departamento de Nariño, el beneficio inicial del café produce subproductos húmedos con alto impacto ambiental, principalmente compuestos por pectina, mesocarpio y endocarpio del fruto, que son eliminados mediante técnicas como la remoción húmeda con alto consumo de agua. Según la Federación Nacional de Cafeteros (2015), esto genera 115 g de DQO por kilogramo de café cereza. El estudio propuso el tratamiento no convencional de los subproductos mediante vermicompostaje con la especie Ancognatha scarabaeoides –Mojojoy-, conocida como alimento en algunas regiones del país. Se llevó a cabo un experimento factorial para evaluar el contenido de nutrientes como Nitrógeno (N), Fósforo (P) Potasio (K) y Sodio (Na), variando la composición del sustrato porcentualmente entre el contenido de suelo y subproductos aplicados, con tres niveles y un testigo que contenía el 100 % de los subproductos del beneficio de café. Los resultados obtenidos permitieron evidenciar un aumento en el contenido de nutrientes en el humus obtenido a partir del compostaje de los subproductos del beneficio húmedo del café y con la especie animal mojojoy. Esto indica que, el uso de estos subproductos y la presencia del mojojoy cumplen con la función de enriquecer el humus con nutrientes esenciales para el suelo y las plantas.
Exploring the Use of Generative AI in Student-Produced EFL Podcasts: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Baskara FX. Risang , Dewangga Puri Anindita , Laos Mbato Concilianus
Published: October 2024

The rapid advancement of Artificial intelligence (AI) technologies has made new opportunities available in language education. This qualitative study investigates using generative AI tools by university English as a Foreign Language (EFL) students to create podcasts for language learning. The research was based on 80 undergraduate students who responded to open-ended questions about using Generative AI-based technologies in different podcast aspects, from writing the script to generating ideas and editing the content. Our thematic analysis of the responses showed that generative AI could act as a creative collaborator in podcast production, improving the quality of spoken language and speeding up production. However, the results also exposed immense areas where the tools could have more cultural context. It raised important questions about the ethics of authorship and data protection and the continued necessity for human input and oversight. This study has two implications: firstly, it suggests the possible benefits of adding Generative AI into student-driven EFL podcast projects and, secondly, the folding mode to max out each other. These results have important implications for educators and researchers designing practical, ethical AI applications for language learning. The paper concludes with suggestions for further research and practical advice for how the results of this study might impact EFL teaching practices in an age where AI technologies are advancing rapidly.
ChatGPT in Language Writing Education: Reflections and a Research Agenda for a ChatGPT Feedback Engagement Framework
Authors: Dong Li
Published: October 2024

This personal reflection explores the ethical considerations surrounding the use of ChatGPT in ESL writing education. It begins by highlighting contrasting perspectives on the tool’s impact, from skepticism to its potential as an empowering resource for students, particular with the immediate feedback ChatGPT provides. Then in reviewing existing models of feedback engagement, this paper identifies gaps that necessitate a more comprehensive ChatGPT feedback framework, one that incorporates ethical dimensions alongside cognitive and emotional aspects. The discussion concludes with a call for future research to investigate the complexities of engagement with AI tools like ChatGPT, emphasizing the importance of fostering ethical responsibility in student writers. Through this exploration, the paper aims to contribute to a more nuanced understanding of ChatGPT’s role in language writing education, advocating for an informed and responsible integration of AI in the classroom.
The Role of ChatGPT in English Language Learning: A Hedonic Motivation Perspective on Student Adoption in Chinese Universities
Authors: Zhou Yizhuo , Wu Xuande , Qu Kunyang
Published: October 2024

Recent advancements in artificial intelligence, particularly OpenAI’s ChatGPT, have transformed English language learning through Computer-Assisted Language Learning (CALL) tools. This study examined the adoption of ChatGPT among university-level English learners employing the Hedonic Motivation System Adoption Model (HMSAM). An online survey was conducted with 266 valid responses, analyzed using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) to assess the key factors influencing ChatGPT adoption. According to the findings, the main factors influencing students’ inclination to utilize ChatGPT are perceived usefulness, boredom, and a sense of control. These findings highlight important considerations for integrating AI in English education, suggesting that practical AI tools must address both functional and motivational aspects of learning. The study offers insights for educators and developers in designing AI-driven language learning tools that align with students’ needs and motivations, potentially shaping the future of English education.
An Interview with Brian MacWhinney on His Lifelong Commitment to Psychology and Language Learning Research
Authors: MacWhinney Brian , Wen Zhisheng (Edward) , Mohebbi Hassan
Published: October 2024

Dear Professor MacWhinney, many thanks for accepting our invitation for the interview. Edward and Hassan: Let’s begin with some background. Could you please share with us your journey into the field of psycholinguistics? In other words, what sparked your original interest in this area of research in the first place? For example, were there any specific persons, experiences, or events that influenced your decision to pursue psycholinguistics/psychology, and how has your background in cognitive psychology shaped your approach to studying language acquisition and processing?
Ambivalente Disziplinarsubjekte. Schüler:in-Sein und die Erfahrung der Strafe am Beispiel des schulischen Trainingsraums
Authors: Hertel Thorsten
Published: October 2024

Der Beitrag beleuchtet Erfahrungen des Diszipliniert-Werdens in der Schule anhand von Rekonstruktionen zur Wahrnehmung des pädagogischen Trainingsraums. Ausgehend von einer an Foucault anschließenden Lesart der (spät-)modernen Schule als eines Machtdispositivs und vermittels dokumentarischer Rekonstruktionen geht der Beitrag empirisch der Frage nach, wie sich Erfahrungen des Diszipliniert-Werdens im Sinne der Unterwerfung unter schulische Regel-, Ordnungs- und Bestrafungssysteme im Wissen von Schüler:innen niederschlagen. Datengrundlage bilden Gruppendiskussionen mit Schüler:innen aus einer Schule in einem sozial marginalisierten Quartier einer deutschen Großstadt. Dabei tritt erstens die Erfahrung von Disziplin und Strafe als willkürliche Exklusion zu Tage. Zweitens zeigt sich sodann aber empirisch, dass die Grundlogik des Punitiven gleichwohl in den Orientierungsrahmen der Schüler:innen perpetuiert wird.
Gegenentwürfe zur Scholarisierung der Jugendphase. Zu elterlichen Begründungstypen, Individuationsidealen und -szenarien entschulter Jugend(en)
Authors: Böder Tim
Published: October 2024

Die symbolische Ordnung der Jugend wird zentral durch die schulische Vormachtstellung bestimmt. Dazu in Opposition stehen Entschulungspraktiken, wie sie durch Familien und Jugendliche aus der ,Freilerner‘-Bewegung umgesetzt werden und welche im Beschulungsnormativ unter enormen Rechtfertigungsdruck geraten. Gestützt auf Erkenntnisse aus einer qualitativ-rekonstruktiven Studie (Böder, 2022), fragt der Beitrag ausgehend von drei Begründungstypen familialer Entschulung, durch welche Krisenkonstellation das Verhältnis von Familie, Jugendlichen und Schule aus der Sicht von Eltern aus der ,Freilerner‘-Bewegung bestimmt ist und welche Individuationsideale und -szenarien entschulter Jugend(en) dem entgegengesetzt werden. Die Befunde verdeutlichen ein diversifiziertes Spektrum entschulter Jugend(en) mit Chancen und Risiken für die Individuierung Jugendlicher. Abschließend werden die Befunde bilanziert und weiterführende Forschungs- und Diskurseinsätze markiert.
Wo stehen wir? Und wohin gehen wir? Eine E-Mail-Korrespondenz über Feminismus, Literatur und Gender
Authors: Fleig Anne , Nieberle Sigrid
Published: October 2024

In einem persönlichen und lockeren E-Mail-Wechsel skizzieren die Autorinnen aktuelle Entwicklungen der literaturwissenschaftlichen Gender Studies, die sich im Hinblick auf manche interdisziplinäre und anerkennungspolitische Kontexte derzeit abzeichnen. Zwei Aspekte treten als zentrale Themen zutage: Zum einen sind sich die Autorinnen einig, dass sich der Feminismus weiterhin als streitbar erweisen sollte; zum anderen arbeitet eine merkliche Tendenz des Polarisierens und Vereindeutigens (von geschlechtlicher Identität, von ideologischen Positionen, von Identitätsbekenntnissen) gegen die Schreibweisen der Literatur, die ihren Leser*innen stets rhetorisch wie ästhetisch motivierte Ambiguitäten zumutet. Beiden Tendenzen lässt sich nur mit Offenheit und Bereitschaft zum Dialog begegnen.
Von Seesternen und Sexspielen – Lustformen in queerer Pornografie
Authors: Wehrlin Rahel Sophia
Published: October 2024

Sexualität ist voller ambivalenter Kräfte. Als Diskurs sexueller Begegnungen transformiert queere Pornografie kulturelle Vorstellungen von Sexualität. In diesem Beitrag untersuche ich das Potenzial der inszenierten Lust als kollektive Praxis und Kritik an der binären sexuellen Ordnung und Orientierung sowie an normativen Körperbildern. Folglich analysiere ich zwei queere Pornofilme explorativ und diskutiere dabei die dargestellten (Un-)Möglichkeiten einer lustvollen Sexualität. Wie werden marginalisierte Körper inszeniert? Wie unterlaufen die Bilder die binäre, hetero- und homonormative Geschlechterund Sexualordnung und erweitern dadurch das Wissen? Aus meiner Analyse geht hervor, dass in den Pornos Sexualität jenseits von binären Körpern und Lüsten imaginiert und Geschlecht als Quelle der Erregung am Set und im Kinosaal infrage gestellt werden. Sexualität wird als Körperpraxis inszeniert und mittels sexueller Kommunikation sowie einem vielfältigen Spektrum erogener Körperzonen und nichtnormativer Fantasien neu definiert. Darin liegt meines Erachtens ein aufklärerisches, subversives und affektives Potenzial.
When good intentions aren’t enough: Intersectional invisibilities in academia and the decolonial turn
Authors: Paredes Grijalva Daniela , Bauer Dominique
Published: October 2024

The decolonial turn resonates not only in gender studies but across the humanities and arts. While research and teaching increasingly align with decolonization and intersectional perspectives, we understand this as more than intellectual tasks, rather as a call for transformative action with tangible symbolic and material consequences. Taking into account transnational feminist discourses, this article explores what we can do in practice in an institutional context that fosters structures of coloniality and invisibilization of knowledge otherwise in academic knowledge production. Addressing this issue requires an understanding of marginalizing structures on a meta-level and keeping an eye on a less observed micro-level: our own part in the process of academic knowledge production, understanding these dynamics as part of a broader interconnected framework of decolonial actions that emphasizes communal responsibility and comprehensive partnerships.
Association between reduced hemoglobin-to-red cell distribution width ratio and elevated cardiovascular mortality in patients with diabetes: Insights from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Study, 1999–2018
Authors: Deng Jiayi , Wu Weihao , Zhang Zimiao , Ma Xiaomei , Chen Congjie , Huang Yanhong , Lai Yueyuan , Chen Liling , Chen Longtian
Published: October 2024

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this research was to examine the relationship between the hemoglobin-to-red blood cell distribution width ratio (HRR) and cardiovascular disease (CVD)-related mortality in people who have diabetes. METHODS: Data derived from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), between the years 1999 to 2018, were meticulously analyzed. Mortality data, encompassing events until December 31, 2019, were systematically collected. A comprehensive group comprising of 8,732 participants were subjected to scrutiny, and subsequently, classified into four distinct groups predicated upon quartiles of baseline HRR levels: Q1 (n = 2,183), Q2 (n = 2,181), Q3 (n = 2,185), and Q4 (n = 2,183). The correlation between HRR and CVD-related mortality was examined through the use of survival curves and Cox proportional hazard regression models, the latter incorporating weights as advised by NHANES. RESULTS: Among the 8,732 participants in the study cohort, CVD-related mortality was identified in 710 cases. The Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated a significant association, indicating that a decreased HRR was correlated with a reduction in survival in cases with CVD. Both univariate and multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression analyses consistently indicated that patients exhibiting a lower HRR exhibited a markedly elevated risk of CVD-related mortality in comparison to those with higher HRR. Notably, the correlation between HRR and decreasing CVD-related mortality was discerned to be non-linear. CONCLUSION: In patients with diabetes, a decreased HRR was associated with an increased risk of CVD-related mortality.
A pressure index for the team batting second in T20I cricket
Authors: Mallawa Arachchi Don K. , Manage Ananda B. , Scariano Stephen M.
Published: October 2024

In sports, players usually undergo pressure situations in order to meet certain performance standards set by themselves or others. During the course of any competitive sporting event, players are often motivated to take calculated risks in attempts to secure a victory or to showcase their performance capabilities. However, quantifying the pressure experienced by players at any given stage of a game is quite a challenging and imposing task. This study discusses a method to compute the pressure experienced by batters when pursuing a target in a T20I cricket match. Diligent and extensive exploration of psychological pressures motivates us to formulate a differential equation, based on a set of reasonable assumptions, whose solution gives rise to a useful pressure index formula for quantifying the level of pressure experienced by the batters of the team batting second, i.e., the team chasing the target. This index takes into account two key assumptions: first, the rate of change of pressure on the batters at a given stage of the game depends on the pressure at that stage; and, second, the required run rate commensurate with available resources remaining at that stage of the game. The available data are used to fine-tune the parameter of the model. The applicability of the proposed pressure index is illustrated using data for T20I matches played by the major test playing countries during the years 2017, 2018, 2019, and 2021. Additionally, this pressure index can be used not only to predict the probability of winning at any given stage of the second innings, but also to quantify the contribution of each batter, taking into account the pressure situation in which they score runs.
Synthesis and Applications of Nanocomposites in Food Packaging Industry: A Review
Authors: Zahra Manzar , Jabeen Tayyaba , Arshad Hammad , Yasin Muhammad , Ali Jigar
Published: October 2024

The current review focuses on the applications of polymer nanocomposites in the packing industry. Nanocomposite fabrication may be carried out through several synthetic techniques based on the type of material required. Basically, it is the composite formation of polymeric matrix and a reinforcing nanofiller. The nanoclay used for the modification of nanocomposites acts as a reinforcement or filler. Montmorillonite (MMT) is the most frequently used clay material to obtain the desired properties of nanocomposite. Clay reinforcement enhances the food packing properties of the material because of its properties as flame retardant, tensile features, barrier properties, and biodegradability. Among bottom-up and top-down techniques, sol-gel synthesis, self-assembly, and polymerization are the most common techniques used for the synthesis of nanocomposites. Nanocomposites derived from bio-polymers make the material biodegradable which, in turn, is one of the most desirable features for their future use. Owing to improved characteristics, clay nanocomposites form a superior class of materials for food packaging, yet much finer dispersion of nanofillers and compatibility may be devised.
On Optimal Linear Prediction
Authors: Helland Inge Svein
Published: October 2024

The main purpose of this article is to prove that, under certain assumptions in a linear prediction setting, optimal methods based upon model reduction and even an optimal predictor can be provided. The optimality is formulated in terms of the mean square prediction error. The optimal model reduction turns out, under a certain assumption, to correspond to the statistical model for partial least squares discussed by the author elsewhere, and under certain specific conditions, a partial least squares type predictor is proved to be good compared to all other predictors. In order to prove some of the results of this article, techniques from quantum theory are used. Thus, the article is based upon a synthesis of three cultures: mathematical statistics as a basis, algorithms introduced by chemometricians and used very much by applied scientists as a background, and finally, mathematical techniques from quantum theory to complete some of the proofs.
The Position of Czechoslovakia in the World Economy
Authors: Novozámský Jiří , Tauchman Josef
Published: October 2024

If we determine the position of any country in the world economy, we must monitor this position in a twofold sense, in the formal sense and in the absolute sense. The formal status is given by the socio-economic form, i.e. the ruling type of production relations. The formal position of socialist countries in relation to each other is therefore equal, while the formal position of countries belonging to the world system of capitalism may be unequal, for example, when it comes to the relationship between an economically developed country and an economically less developed country. It is also about the unequal formal status of countries in the relationship between a socialist country and a capitalist country. The absolute structure of the country is determined by the economic level, or the ratio of the economic levels of different countries. The absolute position of a country in the world economy therefore depends on the amount of social labor  expended in a certain social form (simple labor, private labor, capital, etc.) put into the creation of the social product of a given country, and this is calculated per inhabitant . In this sense, the position of countries in the world system of capitalism and socialism is mostly unequal.
The Kosovo Crisis and the Prospects of the Balkans
Authors: Cabada Ladislav , Ehl Martin
Published: October 2024

The Kosovo crisis has demonstrated that the West had put an end to its wait-and-see policy and resolved to be totally committed to the problems of the Balkans.
The Stability pact creates an institutional framework in which an economic protectorate of the majority of post-communist South-East European countries will be set up step by step. But the problem is whether Balkan political leaders will respond favourably to the requirements of democratization and of a more transparent policy. The attacks against Yugoslavia have shown that the US and the North Atlantic Alliance are the only ones who possess functional mechanisms for the successful solution of regional conflicts. The United States and Western Europe (including Russia) will now be committed in the Balkans by their military presence for a long time.But for the moment nothing much can be done to eliminate the paramount cause of instability – nationalist regimes (mainly in Serbia), and not even the West has effective instruments that would help to bring about a change in the regimes in Yugoslavia, Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina, a change that would guarantee the democratization of the post-Yugoslav region.
The disputes also include states of the European Union and the North Atlantic Alliance, namely Greece and Turkey, apart from the neighbouring post-communist states. The course of the Kosovo crisis furthermore opens the question of the position of the Kurd minority. If the stability of the Balkans is to be ensured in the long run, massive economic aid, as well as the democratization of all the countries will be essential. That is why the crucial short-term task of the West will be to secure the effectiveness of the assistance rendered to the region.
How Does the Global Economy Actually Work?
Authors: Gedlu Mesfin
Published: October 2024

Susan Strange: The Retreat of the State: The Diffusion of Power in the World Economy. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1997, 2. vydání 220 stran, ISBN -56440-9.
PENERAPAN BUKU PRAKTEK UBUDIYAH SSKU (STANDAR SISWA KADER ULAMA) DALAM MENUNJANG PEMBELAJARAN PAI
Authors: Durrotun Nafisah  , Imam Athoir Rokhman
Published: October 2024

The implementation of SSKU (Standard Student Cadre of Ulama) ubudiyah activities as a support for Islamic Religious Education (PAI) learning at MA Almaarif Singosari. This research aims to: (1) Identify the content of the material in the SSKU ubudiyah practice book, and (2) Analyze how the book is implemented at MA Almaarif Singosari. 
This research used a descriptive qualitative approach, with data obtained through interviews, observation, and documentation. The data were then analyzed qualitatively to describe the application of SSKU.
The results showed that: (1) The content of the material in the SSKU ubudiyah practice book is considered good because it covers the cognitive, affective, and psychomotor aspects of students at each level of education (ula, wustho, and 'ulya). (2) The implementation of the SSKU book goes through three main stages: planning (determining objectives, procedures, and schedules), implementation (including memorization activities, explaining, and individual and group practice), and annual evaluation to assess the implementation and success of the SSKU book as needed.
KONSEP PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER DALAM TINJAUAN HADITS : STUDI ANALISIS TENTANG HADITS-HADITS TARBAWI
Authors: M Miftahul Aziz
Published: October 2024

Character education is the process of instilling certain values ​​and attitudes in students, while providing them with a foundation to develop their own unique characteristics when interacting in society. The emphasis on the concept of character education, in this context, refers to the teachings taught by the Prophet in his hadiths.
The Prophet's hadiths include moral and behavioral principles that are considered important to learn and apply in everyday life. This concept is an important focus in research, with the aim of understanding how character is formed, the types of character that exist, and how this character can be applied in everyday life, especially from the perspective of tarbawi hadith. This research aims to provide parents, educators and students with a better understanding of the moral values ​​taught by the Prophet through hadiths, with the hope that they will be able to implement these teachings in the practice of their daily lives. The implementation of these values ​​is expected to create individuals who have good character, morals, and are full of compassion for others.
The Role of Professional Training in Developing Leadership Skills Among Information Technology Sector Employees
Authors:   Universiti Sains Malaysia, Anwar Aizza , Chaudhary Rashmi ,   IMS Engineering College, Aziz Nur Anis Najihah Binti ,   Universiti Sains Malaysia, Azhar Nur Anis Athirah Binti ,   Universiti Sains Malaysia, Elias Nur Anisah Sakinah Binti Mohamed ,   Universiti Sains Malaysia, Azhar Nur Arisya Binti ,   Universiti Sains Malaysia, Mittal Pallavi ,   IMS Engineering College, Kee Daisy Mui Hung ,   Universiti Sains Malaysia
Published: October 2024

As technology advances, the professional world is becoming increasingly competitive. Achieving career success and meeting professional goals now requires both new and seasoned employees to continuously develop their skills and expand their knowledge. This necessity highlights the importance for businesses in the IT sector to expose their employees to professional training programs that enhance leadership skills, ultimately benefiting the organization. The main aim of this study is to examine the impact of professional training on leadership skills development among IT sector employees, focusing on the challenges and benefits identified through a qualitative approach. Data was collected via a survey questionnaire, with responses from 200 participants in Malaysia and India. The findings reveal the impact of professional training for IT employees, particularly regarding the role of training activities in fostering leadership development. This study offers insights and guidance for employees on the advantages and obstacles of pursuing professional training, leading to enhanced leadership capabilities
Becoming-Speed: Futurism’s Conflicts with Subjectivity and Motion
Authors: Pınar Ekin
Published: October 2024

The futurist myth of speed was constructed around the possibility of a new subjectivity emanating from the altered sensations of a subject in motion. This myth of speed along with that of machinery emanated from an obsession with technological progress and its effects on the human subject. Like the majority of futurist myths, however, this subject on-the-move and his/her most typical experiences were constituted through a set of conflicting and ambiguous notions. This new subject, supposedly devoid of a hermetic identity, comprised multiple “beings,” each blurring into the new assemblages through which s/he travels. Yet, the experience of speed and the intensified perception it entails empowered the very same subject by reconstituting a strong sense of self. This paper analyzes some of Umberto Boccioni’s artworks, focusing particularly on the theme of the deconstruction and reconstruction of subjectivity via speed, movement and the type of represented mobility.
REGULATORY AND LEGAL SUPPORT FOR POST-CUSTOMS CONTROL AND APPLICATION OF THE RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEM AFTER THE RELEASE OF GOODS IN UKRAINE
Authors: Kapitanets Svitlana , Korchaka Serhii , Turzhanskyi Vitalii
Published: October 2024

The relevance of the research topic is due to the need to take measures to improve the efficiency of post-clearance control through the use of a risk management system. Further development of the risk management system and creation of prerequisites for a risk-oriented approach to determining the need for post-customs control will contribute to increasing its effectiveness. The purpose of the article is to analyze the regulatory framework of Ukraine regarding post-clearance control and application of the post-release risk management system. To achieve this goal, general scientific methods were used, as well as methods of legal analysis and legal comparativism, critical analysis of systematization and logical generalization. The regulatory framework of this work is based on the customs legislation of Ukraine. The subject of the study is the legal support for the application of the risk management system in the field of post-customs control.
The articles of the Customs Code of Ukraine on post-customs control and risk management are analyzed. Amendments to this Code regarding the implementation of some provisions of the Customs Code of the European Union in the context of the article are studied. The National Revenue Strategy of Ukraine until 2030 was considered in terms of outlining tasks to improve the efficiency of post-customs control, conducting documentary audits and other measures in order to comply with the requirements of the legislation of Ukraine on customs through the improvement of approaches and procedures for post-customs control, planning documentary audits through the development of risk management. The provisions of the Procedure for risk analysis and assessment, development and implementation of risk management measures to determine the forms and scope of customs control have been studied. The content of the recommendation and technical pilot project for post-clearance control and the State Customs Service reform plan for 2024-2030 has been developed.
The conducted scientific research allowed us to highlight the features of regulatory legal acts. The analysis also revealed some gaps in the implementation of post-clearance control and the application of the risk management system after the production of goods, and thus identified potential areas for improving the mechanism for applying the risk management system in the field of post-clearance control.
THE TANDEM OF THE STATE AND CITIZENS: INTERACTION AS A STRATEGY FOR OVERCOMING MODERN CHALLENGES IN STATE BUILDING
Authors: Ivanyi Olena , Yatsenko Denys
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to the interaction of the state and citizens as a strategy for overcoming modern challenges in state creation. The purpose of the study is to propose
strategic directions for their solution based on the identification of problems of interaction between the state and citizens. In the course of scientific research, general scientific methods of cognition were used: analysis, synthesis, systematization, comparison and generalization. The results of the study show that building effective strategies for overcoming challenges in state formation is a key task for ensuring the stability and prosperity of the state. Major problem areas such as corruption, low trust in law enforcement and iWneffective interaction between the authorities and civil society were carefully identified. The causes of corruption, which permeates all spheres of the country’s life, undermining the authority of the state and democratic principles, were investigated. The high level of distrust of citizens towards state institutions, in particular law enforcement agencies, creates serious challenges for ensuring law and order. Survey data indicate a low level of trust in authorities and citizens’ reluctance to interact with them in case of violation of their rights, which further complicates the situation. It was shown that the effective involvement of civil society in the process of public administration is a necessary condition for overcoming existing problems. An important aspect is the development of special criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of the work of state bodies and the inclusion of proposals from public organizations in state policy. Perception of civil organizations as competitors by the authorities and limiting their access to the management process hinders productive cooperation. It was established that sustainable development and strengthening of democratic institutions can only be achieved through transparency, increasing the competences of authorities and strengthening control over their activities. The practical significance of the study lies in the development of strategic directions for the interaction of the state and citizens to overcome the challenges of state creation.
Revolutionizing Customer Service : The Impact of Large Language Models on Chatbot Performance
Authors: Sudeep Meduri
Published: October 2024

This article examines the transformative impact of Large Language Models (LLMs) on customer service chatbots across various industries. Through a comprehensive analysis of case studies, the article explores the implementation strategies, performance metrics, and technological advantages of LLM-powered chatbots in sectors including e-commerce, telecommunications, financial services, healthcare, and travel. The article highlights the advanced capabilities of LLMs in natural language understanding, response generation, and continuous learning, demonstrating their potential to significantly enhance customer interactions and operational efficiency. The article also addresses key technical challenges in implementing LLM chatbots, such as data privacy, response accuracy, and scalability, offering potential solutions for each. Finally, it discusses future directions for LLM-powered chatbots, including multimodal capabilities, emotion recognition, and predictive customer service, providing insights into the evolving landscape of AI-driven customer engagement.
Enterprise Data Governance : A Comprehensive Framework for Ensuring Data Integrity, Security, and Compliance in Modern Organizations
Authors: Deepa Madhavan
Published: October 2024

Enterprise data governance has emerged as a critical function for organizations seeking to maximize the value of their data assets while mitigating risks associated with data management. This article presents a comprehensive framework for implementing effective data governance strategies in modern enterprises. It examines the key components of robust governance structures, including clear policies, well-defined roles and responsibilities, and the establishment of data quality standards. The article explores methods for ensuring regulatory compliance and enhancing data security, emphasizing the importance of risk management and data protection measures. By analyzing case studies across various industries, the article identifies best practices and common challenges in data governance implementation. Additionally, it investigates the impact of emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence and blockchain on data governance practices. The findings underscore the necessity of a holistic approach to data governance that aligns with organizational objectives, fosters a data-driven culture, and adapts to evolving regulatory landscapes. This article contributes to the growing body of knowledge on enterprise data management and provides practical insights for organizations striving to improve their data governance capabilities in an increasingly complex digital environment.